bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for a negative birth experience using the Birth Satisfaction Scale‐Revised
Authors: Hochman Neta , Galper Alex , Stanger Varda , Levin Gabriel , Herzog Karin , Cahan Tal , Bookstein Peretz Shiran , Meyer Raanan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the risk factors for a negative birth experience using the Birth Satisfaction Scale‐Revised (BSS‐R) questionnaire.MethodsA cross‐sectional study including women who gave birth at a single tertiary hospital between February 2021 and January 1, 2022. Birth satisfaction was measured using the BSS‐R questionnaire. Maternal, pregnancy, and delivery characteristics were collected. Negative birth experience was defined as a BSS‐R score lower than the median. Multivariable regression analysis was used to examine the association between birth characteristics and negative birth experience.ResultsA total of 1495 women answered the questionnaire and were included in the analysis; 779 women comprised the positive birth experience group and 716 women comprised the negative birth experience group. Prior deliveries, prior abortions, and smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.52 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.41–0.66]; aOR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.62–0.99]; aOR, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.27–0.99], respectively) were independently associated with lower risk of negative birth experience. Immigration, answering the questionnaires in person, and cesarean delivery were independently associated with increased negative birth experience risk (aOR, 1.39 [95% CI, 1.01–1.86]; aOR 1.37 [95% CI, 1.04–1.79]; aOR, 1.92 [95% CI, 1.52–2.41], respectively).ConclusionParity, prior abortions, and smoking were associated with a lower risk of negative birth experience, while immigration, answering questionnaires in person, and cesarean delivery were associated with a higher risk of negative birth experience.
Nudged elastic stiffness band method: A method to solve kinks problems of reaction paths
Authors: Mitsuta Yuki , Asada Toshio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe nudged elastic band (NEB) method has been widely employed for reaction path (RP) finding; however, certain NEB calculations do not converge to the minimum energy paths (MEPs) because of the occurrence of kinks, which are caused by the free bending of bands. Thus, we propose an extension of the NEB method, called the nudged elastic stiffness band (NESB) method, which adds the stress of stiffness using a beam theory. Here we present results from three examples: the NFK potential, the RPs of the Witting reaction, and finding saddle points for a set of five chemical reaction benchmarks. The results showed that the NESB method has three advantages: to decrease the number of iterations, shrink the length of the pathways from reducing unnecessary fluctuations, and find TS structures by converging to paths close to the MEPs for systems that have sharp curves on the MEPs.
Investigating the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on older adolescents' psychological wellbeing and self‐identified cognitive difficulties
Authors: Attwood Meg , Jarrold Christopher 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic coincides with growing concern regarding the mental health of young people. Older adolescents have faced a particular set of pandemic‐related challenges and demonstrate heightened vulnerability to affective disorders (particularly anxiety). Anxiety symptoms are associated with a range of cognitive difficulties. Older adolescents may therefore be susceptible to pandemic‐related declines in wellbeing and associated cognitive difficulties.MethodsAt three timepoints, independent samples of young people aged 16–18 years (N = 607, 242, 618 respectively) completed an online survey. Data collection coincided with periods of lockdown (timepoints 1 and 3) and young people returning to school (timepoint 2). The survey assessed subjective impacts of the pandemic on overall wellbeing, anxiety and cognitive function.ResultsFindings demonstrated the detrimental impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on older adolescents' psychological wellbeing—a finding that was consistent across samples. The majority of young people at each timepoint experienced heightened anxiety. Crucially, pandemic‐related anxiety was associated with self‐identified cognitive difficulties, a pattern of association that was evident at all three timepoints. The nature and extent of these difficulties were predictive of specific pandemic‐related concerns in this age group.ConclusionsOlder adolescents' experiences of the pandemic are characterised by subjective declines in wellbeing and stable patterns of association between anxiety and self‐identified cognitive difficulties. Implications are discussed with reference to future research and intervention.
Resident selection, assessment, and management: Proceedings of the 2022 ADEA Advanced Dental Education Summit
Authors: Al‐Jewair Thikriat , Lloyd Adam , Paurazas Susan , House Sherman , Conrad Heather , Ness Gregory , Hirschberg Craig , Bergman Russ 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe fifth biennial Advanced Dental Education Summit was organized by the ADEA Council on Advanced Education Programs. With a focus on “Resident selection, assessment, and management,” the summit aimed to discuss best practices for selecting, assessing, and managing advanced education residents. Expert presentations covered the resident's journey from interview to graduation, emphasizing strategies for supporting resident wellness, success, and evaluation. The summit provided recommendations, including the incorporation of psychosocial assessments in the selection process, early recognition of behavioral issues, clearly defining clinical competencies, and creating a culture of wellness through supportive policies and structures.
Music alleviates cognitive impairments in an animal model of autism
Authors: Taheri Farahnaz , Joushi Sara , Esmaeilpour Khadijeh , Sheibani Vahid , Ebrahimi Mohammad Navid , Taheri Zadeh Zahra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by core symptoms including impairment in social communication and restrictive and repetitive behaviors and interests. Music has emerged in the past decade as an intervention therapy for children with ASD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of music on cognition impairments in the valproic acid (VPA) rat model of autism. The VPA was administered for animal modeling of autism on embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5) (600 mg/kg). Male and female pups were sub divided into four main groups (Saline.Non‐music, VPA.Non‐music, Saline.Music, and VPA.Music). The rats in the music groups were exposed to Mozart's piano sonata K.448 for 30 days (4 h/day), from postnatal day (PND) 21 to 50. Autistic‐like behaviors were tested using a social interaction, the Morris water maze (MWM), and a passive avoidance tasks at the end of the PND 50. Our results demonstrated that VPA‐exposed rat pups had significantly lower sociability and social memory performance compared with the saline‐exposed rats in both sexes. VPA‐exposed rat pups exhibited learning and memory impairments in the MWM and passive avoidance tasks. Our results demonstrated that music improved sociability in VPA‐exposed rats, especially in males. Furthermore, our findings revealed that music improved learning impairments in VPA‐exposed male rats in MWM task. In addition, music improved spatial memory impairments in VPA‐exposed rats of both sexes. We also found that music improved passive avoidance memory impairments in VPA‐exposed rats of both sexes, especially in females. More investigation in future studies are needed.
Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Investigations on Acute and Long‐Term Kidney Injury
Authors: Wang Bin , Wang Yongfang , Wang Jing , Jin Chentao , Zhou Rui , Guo Jinxia , Zhang Hong , Wang Min 
Published: May 2023

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication of critical illness and carries a significant risk of short‐ and long‐term mortality. The prediction of the progression of AKI to long‐term injury has been difficult for renal disease treatment. Radiologists are keen for the early detection of transition from AKI to long‐term kidney injury, which would help in the preventive measures. The lack of established methods for early detection of long‐term kidney injury underscores the pressing needs of advanced imaging technology that reveals microscopic tissue alterations during the progression of AKI. Fueled by recent advances in data acquisition and post‐processing methods of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), multiparametric MRI is showing great potential as a diagnostic tool for many kidney diseases. Multiparametric MRI studies offer a precious opportunity for real‐time noninvasive monitoring of pathological development and progression of AKI to long‐term injury. It provides insight into renal vasculature and function (arterial spin labeling, intravoxel incoherent motion), tissue oxygenation (blood oxygen level‐dependent), tissue injury and fibrosis (diffusion tensor imaging, diffusion kurtosis imaging, T1 and T2 mapping, quantitative susceptibility mapping). The multiparametric MRI approach is highly promising but the longitudinal investigation on the transition of AKI to irreversible long‐term impairment is largely ignored. Further optimization and implementation of renal MR methods in clinical practice will enhance our comprehension of not only AKI but chronic kidney diseases. Novel imaging biomarkers for microscopic renal tissue alterations could be discovered and benefit the preventative interventions. This review explores recent MRI applications on acute and long‐term kidney injury while addressing lingering challenges, with emphasis on the potential value of the development of multiparametric MRI for renal imaging on clinical systems.Evidence Level1Technical EfficacyStage 2
Evaluation of Key Molecular Markers in Adult Diffuse Gliomas Based on a Novel Combination of Diffusion and Perfusion MRI and MR Spectroscopy
Authors: Su Xiaorui , Yang Xibiao , Sun Huaiqiang , Liu Yanhui , Chen Ni , Li Shuang , Huang Zongyao , Shao Hanbing , Zhang Simin , Gong Qiyong , Yue Qiang 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPreoperative identification of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and 1p/19q codeletion status could help clinicians select the optimal therapy in patients with diffuse glioma. Although, the value of multimodal intersection was underutilized.PurposeTo evaluate the value of quantitative MRI biomarkers for the identification of IDH mutation and 1p/19q codeletion in adult patients with diffuse glioma.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationTwo hundred sixteen adult diffuse gliomas with known genetic test results, divided into training (N = 130), test (N = 43), and validation (N = 43) groups.Sequence/Field StrengthDiffusion/perfusion‐weighted‐imaging sequences and multivoxel MR spectroscopy (MRS), all 3.0 T using three different scanners.AssessmentThe apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) of the core tumor were calculated to identify IDH‐mutant and 1p/19q‐codeleted statuses and to determine cut‐off values. ADC models were built based on the 30th percentile and lower, CBV models were built based on the 75th centile and higher (both in five centile steps). The optimal tumor region was defined and the metabolite concentrations of MRS voxels that overlapped with the ADC/CBV optimal region were calculated and added to the best‐performing diagnostic models.Statistical TestsDeLong's test, diagnostic test, and decision curve analysis were performed. A P value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.ResultsAlmost all ADC models achieved good performance in identifying IDH mutation status, among which ADC_15th was the most valuable parameter (threshold = 1.186; Youden index = 0.734; AUC_train = 0.896). The differential power of CBV histogram metrics for predicting 1p/19q codeletion outperformed ADC histogram metrics, and the CBV_80th‐related model performed best (threshold = 1.435; Youden index = 0.458; AUC_train = 0.724). The AUCs of ADC_15th and CBV_80th models in the validation set were 0.857 and 0.733. These models tended to improve after incorporation of N‐acetylaspartate/total_creatine and glutamate‐plus‐glutamine/total_creatine, respectively.Data ConclusionThe intersection of ADC‐, CBV‐based histogram and MRS provide a reliable paradigm for identifying the key molecular markers in adult diffuse gliomas.Evidence Level3Technical EfficacyStage 3
Impact of corticosteroids use on midterm sequelae in survivors of COVID‐19 admitted to hospital: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Gault Nathalie , Bachelet Delphine , Laouénan Cédric , Borie Raphaël , Cracowski Claire , Poissy Julien , Faure Karine , Lainé Fabrice , Lefèvre Benjamin , Isnard Margaux , Patrier Juliette , Launay Odile , Costagliola Dominique , Ghosn Jade , Bouadma Lila ,   The French COVID Cohort Study Group and The French COVID Investigators Study Group
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn understanding of the midterm sequelae in COVID‐19 and their association with corticosteroids use are needed. Between March and July 2020, we evaluated 1227 survivors of COVID‐19, 3 months posthospitalization, of whom 213 had received corticosteroids within 7 days of admission. Main outcome was any midterm sequelae (oxygen therapy, shortness of breath, one major clinical sign, two minor clinical signs or three minor symptoms). Association between corticosteroids use and midterm sequelae was assessed using inverse propensity‐score weighting models. Our sample included 753 (61%) male patients, and 512 (42%) were older than 65 years. We found a higher rate of sequelae among users than nonusers of corticosteroids (42% vs. 35%, odds ratio [OR] 1.40 [1.16–1.69]). Midterm sequelae were more frequent in users of low‐dose corticosteroids than nonusers (64% vs. 51%, OR 1.60 [1.10–2.32]), whereas no association between higher doses (≥20 mg/day equivalent of dexamethasone) and sequelae was evidenced (OR 0.95 [0.56–1.61]). Higher risk of sequelae with corticosteroids use was observed among subjects with propensity score below the 90th percentile. Our study suggest that corticosteroids use during hospitalization for COVID‐19 is associated with higher risk of midterm sequelae.
Tribological Performance of Bamboo Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Authors: Oliver Bernardo Antonio , Dong Qiao , Ramezani Maziar , Selles Miguel Angel , Sanchez‐Caballero Samuel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBamboo fiber is one of the strongest natural fibers with high strength‐to‐weight and stiffness‐to‐weight ratios and can be used economically for manufacturing fiber‐reinforced composites. In this paper, bamboo fabric‐reinforced epoxy composite is manufactured and its tribological properties for load‐bearing applications are investigated. Sliding wear tests are conducted using a linear reciprocating tribometer and the effect of dry and lubricated contact conditions, applied load, sliding speed, temperature, and woven fabric direction on the coefficient of friction and wear rate are investigated. A scanning electron microscope is used to define the wear mechanisms at room and elevated temperatures. It is observed that the fabric orientation influences the mechanical and tribological performances of the composite material. Wear rate increases at higher loads and working temperatures; however, the effect of sliding speed is not remarkable, especially under lubricated contact conditions. The results present in this paper can be used for designing bamboo‐reinforced epoxy composites for load‐bearing applications, under different working conditions.
Early‐Life and Family Risk Factors for Tic Disorder Persistence into Adulthood
Authors: Mataix‐Cols David , Isomura Kayoko , Brander Gustaf , Brikell Isabell , Lichtenstein Paul , Chang Zheng , Larsson Henrik , Kuja‐Halkola Ralf , Black Kevin J. , Sidorchuk Anna , Fernández de la Cruz Lorena 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany children with tic disorders outgrow their tics, but little is known about the proportion of individuals who will continue to require specialist services in adulthood and which variables are associated with tic persistence.ObjectivesThe aims were to estimate the proportion of individuals first diagnosed with tic disorders in childhood who continued to receive tic disorder diagnoses after age 18 years and to identify risk factors for persistence.MethodsIn this Swedish nationwide cohort study including 3761 individuals diagnosed with tic disorders in childhood, we calculated the proportion of individuals whose diagnoses persisted into adulthood. Minimally adjusted logistic regression models examined the associations between sociodemographic, clinical, and family variables and tic disorder persistence. A multivariable model was then fitted, including only variables that were statistically significant in the minimally adjusted models.ResultsSeven hundred and fifty‐four (20%) children with tic disorders received a diagnosis of a chronic tic disorder in adulthood. Psychiatric comorbidity in childhood (particularly attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive‐compulsive disorder, pervasive developmental disorders, and anxiety disorders) and psychiatric disorders in first‐degree relatives (particularly tic and anxiety disorders) were the strongest risk factors for persistence. We did not observe statistically significant associations with socioeconomic variables, perinatal complications, comorbid autoimmune diseases, or family history of autoimmune diseases. All statistically significant variables combined explained approximately 10% of the variance in tic disorder persistence (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsChildhood psychiatric comorbidities and family history of psychiatric disorders were the strongest risk factors associated with tic disorder persistence into adulthood. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Sensitivity analysis of hybrid microgrids with application to deployed military units
Authors: Reich Daniel , Sanchez Susan M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe introduce a framework for applying sensitivity analysis to a set of potential hybrid microgrid design options, from which a decision maker can select the most preferred one. In contrast to optimization‐centric models that define an objective and produce a single solution, our goal is to empower the decision maker by providing both a range of options and accessible information that enables the decision maker to easily assess their relative upsides and downsides. Moreover, our decoupled approach allows our framework to be paired with any existing model capable of generating a set of potential hybrid microgrid designs. We introduce metrics for computing risk, stemming from power deficits, over a variety of scenarios relating to weather conditions, power demand fluctuations, and extended time horizons. These factors which are inherently uncertain are all important in military operational contexts. By introducing a design of experiments method for sensitivity analysis, we are able to implement parallel processing and maintain computational tractability.
Transdisciplinary approaches to graduate student training for food–energy–water challenges
Authors: Gittlin Madisen L. , Clarizio Tessa , Lamino Pablo , Michels Alexandrea , Opejin Adenike , Barrera Emiliano López 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSystems‐level approaches are required for addressing the world's major challenges at the food–energy–water nexus. Taking on complex issues, such as rising food insecurity, malnutrition, and food waste, concomitant with unprecedented levels of stress on environmental systems, will necessitate that future scholars and decision makers be prepared through transdisciplinary student training. However, in higher education, students tend to be siloed within their discipline. In this study, we present a case for the development of transdisciplinary graduate student training based on an inter‐institutional and fully remote group of graduate students who assembled during the COVID‐19 pandemic to address the issue of food waste. We use our wide‐ranging disciplinary backgrounds, high‐performance transdisciplinary team training, and stakeholder feedback to develop and conduct a weeklong social media campaign to share educational resources for reducing household food waste. This work offers valuable lessons learned through the student's lens to those seeking to create or improve future transdisciplinary training methods for tackling food waste and other global grand challenges. Key insights from this process include the importance of accountability and open communication when conducting collaborative teamwork, the utility of various mobile and online tools for effectively facilitating remote group work, and the vital role of transdisciplinarity in devising creative solutions.
Effect of voxelotor on cardiopulmonary testing in youths with sickle cell anemia in a pilot study
Authors: Phan Vivian , Hershenson Jared , Caldarera Laura , Larkin Sandra K. , Wheeler Kari , Cortez Ana Lucia , Dulman Robin , Briere Noravy , Lewis Angela , Kuypers Frans A. , Yang Elizabeth 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with sickle cell anemia (SCA) exhibit decreased exercise capacity. Anemia limits oxygen‐carrying capacity and affects cardiopulmonary fitness. The drug voxelotor raises hemoglobin in SCA. We hypothesized that voxelotor improves exercise capacity in youths with SCA.MethodsIn a single‐center, open‐label, single‐arm, longitudinal interventional pilot study (NCT04581356), SCA patients aged 12 and older, stably maintained on hydroxyurea, were treated with 1500 mg voxelotor daily, and performed cardiopulmonary exercise testing before (CPET#1) and after voxelotor (CPET#2). A modified Bruce Protocol was performed on a motorized treadmill, and breath‐by‐breath gas exchange data were collected. Peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2), anaerobic threshold, O2 pulse, VE/VCO2 slope, and time exercised were compared for each participant. The primary endpoint was change in peak VO2. Hematologic parameters were measured before each CPET. Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) and Clinician Global Impression of Change (CGIC) surveys were collected.ResultsTen hemoglobin SS patients aged 12–24 completed the study. All demonstrated expected hemoglobin rise, with average +1.6 g/dL (p = .003) and P50 left shift of average −11 mmHg (p < .0001) with decreased oxygen off‐loading at low pO2. The change in % predicted peak VO2 from CPET#1 to CPET#2 ranged from −12.8% to +11.3%, with significant improvement of more than 5% in one subject, more than 5% decrease in five subjects, and insignificant change of less than 5% in four subjects. All 10 CGIC and seven of 10 PGIC responses were positive.ConclusionIn a plot study of 10 youths with SCA, voxelotor treatment did not improve peak VO2 in 9 out of 10 patients.