bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yeast cell vacuum infusion into fungal pellets as a novel cell encapsulation methodology
Authors: Lúquez-Caravaca Lara , Ogawa Minami , Rai Rewa , Nitin Nitin , Moreno Juan , García-Martínez Teresa , Mauricio Juan Carlos , Jiménez-Uceda Juan Carlos , Moreno-García Jaime 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Immobilized yeast cells are used industrially in winemaking processes such as sparkling wine and Sherry wine production. Here, a novel approach has been explored for the infusion and immobilization of yeast cells into filamentous fungal pellets, which serve as a porous natural material. This was accomplished through vacuum application to force the yeast cells towards the core of the fungal pellets followed by culture in YPD medium to promote their growth from the interior. This method represents an improved variation of a previous approach for the assembly of “yeast biocapsules,” which entailed the co-culture of both fungal and yeast cells in the same medium. A comparison was made between both techniques in terms of biocapsule productivity, cell retention capacity, and cell biological activity through an alcoholic fermentation of a grape must. The results indicated a substantial increase in biocapsule productivity (37.40-fold), higher cell retention within the biocapsules (threefold), and reduction in cell leakage during fermentation (twofold). Although the majority of the chemical and sensory variables measured in the produced wine did not exhibit notable differences from those produced utilizing suspended yeast cells (conventional method), some differences (such as herbaceous and toasted smells, acidity, bitterness, and persistence) were perceived and wines positively evaluated by the sensory panel. As the immobilized cells remain functional and the encapsulation technique can be expanded to other microorganisms, it creates potential for additional industrial uses like biofuel, health applications, microbe encapsulation and delivery, bioremediation, and pharmacy.

Key points
• New approach improves biocapsule productivity and cell retention.
• Immobilized yeast remains functional in fermentation.
• Wine made with immobilized yeast had positive sensory differences.
Magnetic fluid hyperthermia controlled by frequency counter and colorimetric program systems based on magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Elbeltagi Shehab , Saeedi Ahmad M. , Ali Maha A. , El-Dek Samaa I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMagnetic nanoparticles (MNP) are anticipated to perform better in terms of thermal conductivity when exposed to alternating magnetic fields (AMF). Herein, key parameters for efficient heating are examined in an AMF that is organized and managed by a zero voltage switching (ZVS) and frequency counter system, which has shown great potential for hyperthermia (HT). The present study investigates the set-up of a matched coil coupled with direct current (DC) power and a frequency counter. The set-up technique for inducing HT in magnetic fluid NPs used in in vitro experiments and magnetic fluid calorimetric applications is advanced. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles Fe3O4 (SPIONs) was prepared by the sonochemical method and coated with polyethylene glycol (Fe3O4@PEG). Our sample Fe3O4@PEG crystallized nano-size with an average particle size of 14 nm, and high magnetic saturation (MS) about 49 emu/g. The MNPs exposed to AMF at 300 kHz exhibited the highest thermal values (42–45 °C). The specific absorption rate values of 188, 217, and 234 W/g for the NP concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 mg/ml, respectively reveal the improvement of our set-up to enhance the SPIONs as a thermal agent.
Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testicular cancer is a demanding procedure: detailed real-life data of complications and additional surgical procedures in 295 cases
Authors: Latarius Stefanie , Leike Steffen , Erb Holger , Putz Juliane , Borkowetz Angelika , Thomas Christian , Baunacke Martin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for germ cell tumours is a challenging procedure that may present relevant complications. The purpose was to analyse postoperative complications and identify risk factors for major complications.

Methods
This is a retrospective unicentric analysis of a large cohort of 295 RPLNDs from 1992 to 2020. Early complications (30 days) and late complications (31–180 days) were classified according to the Clavien‒Dindo classification. The influence of surgical, patient-specific, and tumour-specific parameters on grade III–V complications was analysed in univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.

Results
A total of 232 were postchemotherapy RPLNDs, and 63 were primary RPLNDs. Early postoperative complications were found to be grades I–II in 58.6% (173/295), grades III–IV in 9.8% (29/295), and grade V in 0.3% (1/295). In 20% (58/295), additional surgical procedures were needed. Grade III–V complications were associated with ≥ 4 cycles of preoperative chemotherapy (OR 3.7 (1.5–8.9); p = 0.004), RPLND specimen (nonseminoma or immature teratoma) (OR 3.1 (1.4–6.6); p = 0.005), transfusions (OR 2.4 (1.1–5.4); p = 0.03), salvage RPLND (OR 4.1 (1.8–9.3); p < 0.001), and preoperatively elevated AFP (OR 5 (2.2–11.7); p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, the only independent predictor for grade III–V complications was preoperative AFP elevation (OR 3.3 (1.2–9.2); p = 0.02). Limitations include the retrospective study design.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate that RPLND is a demanding surgical procedure. Patients with a complex tumour history have a higher risk of complications. We recommend treatment of these complex cases in high-volume centres.
The WCGA in $$L^p(\log L)^{\alpha }$$ Spaces
Authors: Garrigós Gustavo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We present some new results concerning Lebesgue-type inequalities for the Weak Chebyshev Greedy Algorithm (WCGA) in uniformly smooth Banach spaces

$${{\mathbb {X}}}$$

X

. First, we generalize Temlyakov’s theorem (Temlyakov in Forum Math Sigma 2(12):26, 2014) to cover situations in which the modulus of smoothness and the

$${\texttt {A3}}$$

A
3

parameter are not necessarily power functions. Secondly, we apply this new theorem to the Zygmund spaces

$${{\mathbb {X}}}=L^p(\log L)^{\alpha }$$

X
=

L
p

(
log
L
)

α

, with

$$1<p<\infty $$

1
<
p
<
∞

and

$${\alpha }\in {{\mathbb {R}}}$$

α
∈
R

, and show that, when the Haar system is used, then exact recovery of N-sparse signals occurs when the number of iterations is

$$\phi (N)=O(N^{\max \{1,2/p'\}} \,(\log N)^{|{\alpha }| p'})$$

ϕ

(
N
)

=
O
(

N

max
{
1
,
2
/

p
′

}

(
log
N
)

|
α
|

p
′

)

. Moreover, this quantity is sharp when

$$p\le 2$$

p
≤
2

. Finally, an expression for

$$\phi (N)$$

ϕ
(
N
)

in the case of the trigonometric system is also given.
Analytical ultracentrifugation in colloid and polymer science: new possibilities and perspectives after 100 years
Authors: Cölfen Helmut 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) is a classical polymer and colloid analysis technique invented by Theodor Svedberg 100 years ago. Modern hard- and software and powerful computers make it now possible to develop the methodology beyond what was possible with this technique before. This perspective aims to describe new possibilities, which extend the possibilities of AUC beyond the classical repertoire of the determination of distributions of sedimentation coefficient, particle size, and molar mass as well as stoichiometries and interaction constants of interacting systems. High-resolution simultaneous characterization of particle size and optical property distributions, investigation of nucleation by reaction in the AUC cell, characterization of particle interactions at a very high concentration, and characterization of complex fluids or osmotic pressures over large concentration ranges even crossing phase boundaries are among the discussed topics. They show that even after 100 years of successful application, AUC still has much yet unexplored potential in colloid and polymer science.

Graphical Abstract
This perspective paper spans from the days of invention of analytical ultracentrifugation to now including nonmainstream methodology and instrumentation, which has a huge potential for the future. This includes multiwavelength detectors, high-resolution particle size distributions, chemical reactions in the ultracentrifuge, high-concentration work, osmotic pressure distributions, and characterization of complex fluids.
Presymptomatic geographical distribution of ALS patients suggests the involvement of environmental factors in the disease pathogenesis
Authors: Vasta Rosario , Callegaro S. , Sgambetterra S. , Cabras S. , Di Pede F. , De Mattei F. , Matteoni E. , Grassano M. , Bombaci A. , De Marco G. , Fuda G. , Marchese G. , Palumbo F. , Canosa A. , Mazzini L. , De Marchi F. , Moglia C. , Manera U. , Chiò A. , Calvo A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Given that the pathogenetic process of ALS begins many years prior to its clinical onset, examining patients’ residential histories may offer insights on the disease risk factors. Here, we analyzed the spatial distribution of a large ALS cohort in the 50 years preceding the disease onset.

Methods
Data from the PARALS register were used. A spatial cluster analysis was performed at the time of disease onset and at 1-year intervals up to 50 years prior to that.

Results
A total of 1124 patients were included. The analysis revealed a higher-incidence cluster in a large area (435,000 inhabitants) west of Turin. From 9 to 2 years before their onset, 105 cases were expected and 150 were observed, resulting in a relative risk of 1.49 (P = 0.04). We also found a surprising high number of patients pairs (51) and trios (3) who lived in the same dwelling while not being related. Noticeably, these occurrences were not observed in large dwellings as we would have expected. The probability of this occurring in smaller buildings only by chance was very low (P = 0.01 and P = 0.04 for pairs and trios, respectively).

Conclusions
We identified a higher-incidence ALS cluster in the years preceding the disease onset. The cluster area being densely populated, many exposures could have contributed to the high incidence ALS cluster, while we could not find a shared exposure among the dwellings where multiple patients had lived. However, these findings support that exogenous factors are likely involved in the ALS pathogenesis.
Effect of assessing velocity time integral at different locations across ventricular outflow tracts when calculating cardiac output in neonates
Authors: Huang Jane , Singh Yogen , Adie Mohammad , Noori Shahab , Ebrahimi Mahmood , Durand Manuel , Cayabyab Rowena , Ramanathan Rangasamy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the effect of assessing velocity time integral at different locations across ventricular outflow tracts for calculating cardiac output (CO) in neonates. Velocity time integral (VTI) and CO were measured at 3 different locations across right and left ventricular outflow tracts using transthoracic echocardiography in healthy term neonates without any major congenital heart disease. ANOVA with Bonferroni correction was used to determine the differences between the VTI and CO sampled at these three locations. Forty-one neonates met inclusion criteria with mean gestational age of 38.6 ± 1 weeks and mean birth weight of 3155 ± 463 g. The median hours after birth when echocardiography was obtained was 23 h (range 11–68 h after birth). Left CO were 121 ± 30 mL/kg/min, 155 ± 38 mL/kg/min, and 176 ± 36 mL/kg/min measured below the valve, hinges of the valve, and tip of the valve, respectively. Right CO were 197 ± 73 mL/kg/min, 270 ± 83 mL/kg/min, and 329 ± 104 mL/kg/min measured below the valve, hinges of the valve, and tip of the valve, respectively. A statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) was found in the VTI and CO measured at the 3 different locations across both left and right ventricular outflow tracts. Conclusions: There is a significant difference in measurements of VTI and CO depending on the location of Doppler gate sampling across the ventricular outflow tracts. Consistency and precision in Doppler gate location are essential for measuring VTI and calculating CO while assessing changes in hemodynamic status in critically ill infants.

What is Known:• Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography is increasingly applied to measure cardiac output in critically ill neonates and serial assessments are performed to assess the trend in changes in cardiac output.• Noninvasive measurement using velocity time integral to calculate cardiac output is commonly performed. However, location of Doppler sample gate to measure ventricular outflow tract velocity time integral is not consistent.

What is New:• Statistically significant changes in measured velocity time integral and cardiac output are noted based on the location of Doppler gate sampling.• To monitor the cardiac output for trending, it is important to be consistent with regards to the location of the Doppler sample gate to assess changes in cardiac output in critically ill newborns.
Evolution of RNA viruses in trypanosomatids: new insights from the analysis of Sauroleishmania
Authors: Klocek Donnamae , Grybchuk Danyil , Tichá Lucie , Votýpka Jan , Volf Petr , Kostygov Alexei Yu. , Yurchenko Vyacheslav 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRNA viruses play an important role in Leishmania biology and virulence. Their presence was documented in three (out of four) Leishmania subgenera. Sauroleishmania of reptiles remained the only underinvestigated group. In this work, we analyzed the viral occurrence in Sauroleishmania spp. and detected RNA viruses in three out of seven isolates under study. These viruses were of two families—Narnaviridae and Totiviridae. Phylogenetic inferences demonstrated that totiviruses from L. adleri and L. tarentolae group together within a larger cluster of LRV2s, while a narnavirus of L. gymnodactyli appeared as a phylogenetic relative of narnaviruses of Blechomonas spp. Taken together, our work not only expanded the range of trypanosomatids that can host RNA viruses but also shed new light on the evolution and potential routes of viral transmission in these flagellates.
Robot-assisted endoscopic third ventriculostomy under intraoperative CT imaging guidance
Authors: Elia Angela , Paun Luca , Pallud Johan , Zanello Marc 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The robot-assisted neurosurgical procedures have recently benefited of the evolution of intraoperative imaging, including mobile CT unit available in the operating room. This facilitated use paved the way to perform more neurosurgical procedures under robotic assistance. Endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy requires both a safe transcortical trajectory and a smooth manipulation.

Method
We describe our technique of robot-assisted endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy combining robotic assistance and intraoperative CT imaging.

Conclusion
Robot-assisted endoscopic third ventriculocisternostomy using modern intraoperative neuroimaging can be easily implemented and prevented erroneous trajectory and abrupt endoscopic movements, reducing surgically induced brain damages.
Closure Operations of Convex Sets in $$X\times X^{*}$$ and Monotone Operators
Authors: Eberhard Andrew , Wenczel Robert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe develop a number of new results on “closure operations” based on $$s\times \text{w}^{*}$$

s
×

w

∗

-convergence of bounded nets for convex sets and functions on $$X\times X^{*}$$

X
×

X

∗

. We discuss their relevance to the study of monotone operators defined on possibly non-reflexive, real Banach spaces.
Enhancing attack resilience of cyber-physical systems through state dependency graph models
Authors: Adamos Konstantinos , Stergiopoulos George , Karamousadakis Michalis , Gritzalis Dimitris 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a method that utilizes graph theory and state modelling algorithms to perform automatic complexity analysis of the architecture of cyber-physical systems (CPS). It describes cyber physical systems risk assessment (CPSRA), a tool to provide automatic decision support for enhancing the overall resilience of CPS architectures often used in critical infrastructures. CPRSA is built to enhance industrial risk assessment and improve the resilience of CPS architecture against malicious attacks on the cyber domain that can affect industrial processes, which is critical in a distributed cyber environment. Such attacks often compromise execution states on physical components and lead to hazards or even disasters through plant malfunction. CPSRA is tested against a real-world testbed model of a large SCADA system that is infused with real-world CVE vulnerabilities in some of its components. The tool creates an isomorphic graph of the CPS process model and uses graph algorithms and network analytics on the model to test cyber-attacks and evaluate attack resilience aspects. The tool’s output is then used to pinpoint high-complexity components in terms of influence on the overall CPS architecture and suggest mitigation points for security measure implementation while considering every potential subattack path and subliminal path on the model’s attack graph. The paper complements standardized assessment reports and contributes to automatic architecture assessment for critical infrastructure environments and can be used as the basis to model dependencies and threat propagation in larger digital twins, a need outlined in major NIST publications concerning the security of industrial systems that was previously done manually, without automatic insight into state and vulnerability influences.
3D passive microfluidic valves in silicon and glass using grayscale lithography and reactive ion etching transfer
Authors: Phi Hai Binh , Bohm Sebastian , Runge Erich , Dittrich Lars , Strehle Steffen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA fabrication strategy for high-efficiency passive three-dimensional microfluidic valves with no mechanical parts fabricated in silicon and glass substrates is presented. 3D diffuser-nozzle valve structures were produced and characterized in their added value in comparison to conventional diffuser-nozzle valve designs with rectangular cross sections. A grayscale lithography approach for 3D photoresist structuring combined with a proportional transfer by reactive ion etching allowed to transfer 3D resist valve designs with high precision into the targeted substrate material. The efficiency with respect to the rectification characteristics or so-called diodicity of the studied valve designs is defined as the ratio of the pressure drops in backward and forward flow directions. The studied valve designs were characterized experimentally as well as numerically based on finite element simulations with overall matching results that demonstrate a significantly improved flow rectification of the 3D valves compared to the corresponding conventional structure. Our novel 3D valve structures show, for instance, even without systematic optimization a measured diodicity of up to 1.5 at low flow rates of only about 10 μl/s.
Predictors of Sexual Victimization Among Autistic and Non-Autistic College Students
Authors: Libster Natalie , Kasari Connie , Sturm Alexandra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose. This study examined predictors of sexual victimization among autistic and non-autistic college students. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether autistic students are more likely than non-autistic students to experience unwanted sexual contact and sexual assault, controlling for co-occurring diagnoses. We also aimed to determine whether students with other disabilities, specifically ADHD, learning disability (LD), and psychological disorders, are more likely than students without these disabilities to experience unwanted sexual contact and sexual assault. Methods. Autistic students (n=270) and non-autistic students (n=270) who had participated in a nationwide survey were matched on demographic characteristics and co-occurring diagnoses. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to address the research questions and evaluate predictors of unwanted sexual contact and sexual assault. Results. Autistic students were as likely as non-autistic students to have experienced unwanted sexual contact and sexual assault, controlling for co-occurring diagnoses. Regardless of autism diagnostic status, students with ADHD were more likely than students without ADHD to have experienced unwanted sexual contact and sexual assault. Conclusions. Although autism diagnostic status was not a significant predictor of unwanted sexual contact or sexual assault, other factors associated with increased risk of sexual victimization, such as co-occurring ADHD, are likely to be found in autistic populations. This study highlights the importance of educational, social, and institutional supports to decrease sexual victimization among college students with neurodevelopmental disabilities.
Performance of noninvasive prenatal testing for twin pregnancies in South China
Authors: Wang Dongmei , Peng Haishan , Wang Yixia , Hou Yaping , Guo Fangfang , Zhu Juan , Hu Tingting , Yang Jiexia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for the detection of chromosomal aneuploidies and copy number variations (CNVs) in twin pregnancies.MethodA cohort of 2010 women with twin pregnancies was recruited. 1331 patients opted for NIPT, and 679 patients opted for expanded NIPT (NIPT-plus). All high-risk patients were advised to undergo invasive prenatal diagnosis. All participants were followed up until 6 months after birth.ResultsTwenty-two cases were predicted to have a high risk of chromosome abnormalities by NIPT, of which 14 pregnant women underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis. The 14 cases included 3 cases of trisomy 21, 1 case of trisomy 18, 1 case of trisomy 7, 2 cases of sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs), and 7 cases of CNVs, of which the confirmed cases numbered 2, 1, 0, 1, and 0, respectively. Twenty cases were predicted to have a high risk of chromosome abnormalities by NIPT-plus, of which 16 pregnant women underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis. The 16 cases included 1 case of trisomy 21, 1 case of trisomy 7, 7 cases of SCAs, and 7 cases of CNVs, of which were confirmed in 1, 0, 3, and 2, respectively. No false-negative result was reported during the follow-up period.ConclusionThe NIPT/NIPT-plus has excellent performance in the detection of chromosome aneuploidies in twin pregnancies. But for CNVs, the effectiveness of NIPT is poor, and the NIPT-plus have a certain detection efficiency. It is worth noting that pre- and post-genetic counseling is especially important, and the chorionicity, mode of conception, clinical indications, and fetal fraction should be considered as influencing factors.