bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in the complications, care and clinical outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes in the Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL)
Authors: Green Jennifer B. , Merrill Peter , Lokhnygina Yuliya , Mentz Robert J. , Alfredsson Joakim , Holman Rury R. ,   the EXSCEL Study Group
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo examine sex differences in the characteristics and outcomes in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D), with or without cardiovascular disease (CVD), randomized to once‐weekly exenatide (EQW) or placebo in the Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL).Materials and MethodsBaseline characteristics were summarized and compared by sex. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for clinical outcomes, including the primary composite outcome of cardiovascular (CV) death, non‐fatal myocardial infarction or non‐fatal stroke (MACE3). Models including sex‐by‐treatment interaction were used to evaluate differences in effects of EQW.ResultsOverall, 5603 women and 9149 men were followed for a median of 3.2 years. Women were younger (mean 61.4 vs. 62.2 years, P < .001) and had a shorter duration of diabetes (mean 12.9 vs. 13.2 years, P = .039) and less coronary artery disease (35.2% vs. 61.0%, P < .001) than men, but also a less favourable metabolic risk profile and lower use of cardioprotective medications. MACE3 occurred in 9.1% of women and 13.5% of men, corresponding to 2.82 versus 4.40 events/100 participant‐years (adjusted hazard ratio 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70‐0.93, P = .003). There was no difference in MACE3 with EQW compared with placebo, or evidence of heterogeneity of treatment effect by sex.ConclusionsThis analysis of a large population of individuals with T2D, with or without established CVD, identified between‐sex differences in clinical characteristics and care. Despite having worse management of CV risk factors, women had significantly lower rates of important CV events not attributable to the effects of study treatment.
Proximity to healthcare centres and service use: The case of Community Clinics in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Syed , Akter Tasnima , Jahan Musharrat , Dewan Ashraf 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe investigate how distance from healthcare centres affects service utilization for women and children. Relying on five rounds of recent nationally representative demographic and health survey data from Bangladesh, our logistic regression analyses reveal that proximity to healthcare centres barely affects the utilization of healthcare services for women and children, even in rural areas. Interestingly, this indicates that the government's preferred Community Clinics have not significantly contributed to the country's uptake of healthcare services. The low‐service utilization may result from their poor standard at the local health centres indicating that improving the service quality can help Bangladesh raise the uptake of healthcare services.
Evaluation of extra‐narrow diameter implants in the oral rehabilitation of young patients after oral trauma: A prospective study
Authors: Ferreira Fabiola Nogueira Holanda , Moreira Neto José Jeová Siebra , de Negreiros Wagner Araújo , Kurita Lucio Mitsuo , Silva Paulo Goberlânio de Barros 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground/AimOral trauma is a common event in young patients and can lead to tooth loss, especially after avulsion of a tooth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the survival, esthetic outcomes, ridge preservation, and patient satisfaction of extra‐narrow diameter implants (NDIs) as a temporary rehabilitation treatment for young patients who had lost permanent maxillary incisors after an avulsion.Materials and MethodsThis study comprised a prospective clinical and experimental study on a case series of 13 patients (age: 10–14 years) with a history of avulsion of one or more maxillary incisors. The patients received 19 mini‐drive locks implants (Intralock) with acrylic resin crowns, divided into two evaluation arms: immediate implant placement (n = 10) and delayed implant placement (n = 9). The cases were followed up every 3 months with an initial tomography (T0) before implant placement and after 1 year (T1). The clinical stability of the implant in the bone and the retention of the provisional implant crown were evaluated, and the esthetic index was calculated at each follow‐up. Intragroup and intergroup differences in alveolar ridge height and thickness were compared at T0 and T1, and a questionnaire was administered to assess the patient's perception of the treatment.ResultsThe implant survival rate after 1 year was 78.9%. Alveolar ridge height and thickness increased in all cases at T1 (p < .05). Patients who received immediate implants had greater initial and final alveolar ridge thickness. The esthetic index progressively increased over the investigated time period (p = .001). Only one female patient presented with crown infraocclusion after 1 year. The patients' esthetic perceptions of their smiles significantly improved after treatment (p = .001).ConclusionsExtra‐NDI had good survival rates, were effective at maintaining alveolar bone, and promoted aesthetic recovery and patient satisfaction with treatment during the period studied.
Testing background matching and disruptive colouration in a sexually dichromatic grasshopper: a computer detection experiment
Authors: Ramírez‐Delgado Víctor Hugo , del Castillo Raúl Cueva 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCryptic colouration is an adaptative mechanism against predators. Colour patterns can become cryptic through background matching and disruptive colouration, which breaks up the outlines of an animal because the pattern does not coincide with the shape and outline of the animal's body. Background matching could be advantageous in chromatically homogeneous microhabitats, whereas disruptive colouration can be favoured in visually heterogeneous microhabitats. Grasshoppers of the genus Sphenarium (Orthoptera: Pyrogomorphidae) inhabit very heterogeneous environments and exhibit both strategies. Adults show substantial continuous variation in colouration and longitudinal and transverse bands on the thorax and abdomen. However, males often exhibit considerably more variation in the number of longitudinal and transverse bands than females, which tend to have more uniform colouring (flatter patterns). In this study, we analysed the cryptic properties of the colour patterns of males and females of Sphenarium zapotecum Sanabria‐Urbán, H. Song & Cueva del Castillo and tested the effectiveness of background matching and disruptive colouration using humans as ‘predators’ in a computer detection experiment. We found that the females and males are dichromatic and seem to follow different cryptic strategies in their colouration: males are more disruptive to the background than females, whereas females have a higher level of background matching. In addition, in visually heterogeneous areas, predators spent most time searching for striped male morphs with lower background matching and higher disruptive properties, as well as for female morphs with high background matching, potentially increasing prey survival. As background matching is associated with females and disruptive colouration with males, our results could help explain the evolution of sexual dichromatism in this and other species of grasshoppers of the genus Sphenarium.
Preparation of micro‐crystal stones from molten titanium slag by “one‐step” cooling method
Authors: Ding Zhihua , Zhang Tianhua , Qiu Guibo , Huo Xiangtao , Guo Min , Zhang Mei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMedium‐titanium blast furnace slag (MTS) is a major solid waste in the smelting process of vanadium and titanium magnetite. The moderate TiO2 content in MTS makes it unsuitable for titanium extraction and difficult to be used as cement mixing material in large quantities. In this study, the molten MTS was utilized to prepare micro‐crystal stones by a “one‐step” cooling method, and the TiO2 in the slag was used as a nucleating agent. The effects of the cooling process and MTS utilization on the slag structure, crystallization characteristics, and physical properties of the micro‐crystal stones were investigated. The results show that when the utilization of MTS is 100 wt%, the main crystalline phase of the micro‐crystal stones is akermanite, the compressive strength and micro‐hardness are 142.5 MPa and 696.9 kgf·mm−2. When the utilization of MTS is 90 wt%, the main phases of microcrystalline stone are augite and akermanite, and the compressive strength rises to 194.8 MPa. Hence, through proper cooling control, the preparation of micro‐crystal stones with good performance by using molten MTS as raw material will have considerable economic value.
Formation of Al2O3–GdAlO3 eutectic ceramics with a fine anisotropic structure in a flash event
Authors: Aoki Yuta , Masuda Hiroshi , Yoshida Hidehiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn Al2O3–GdAlO3 (GAP) composite with a fine eutectic microstructure was obtained through local melting and rapid solidification during a flash event. An AC field of 1 kV/cm at a frequency of 1 kHz was applied to a calcined Al2O3–GAP body at a furnace temperature of 1400°C to induce the flash event. The Al2O3–GAP body exhibited local melting through the current path. Solidification proceeded with the maximum cooling rate of about 140°C/s just after the power supply was turned off. Using this flash treatment, a refined eutectic structure with rodlike GAP phases in the Al2O3 matrix was obtained within 1 min. The interphase spacing of the obtained structure was approximately 170 nm, comparable with the finest Al2O3–GAP eutectic material obtained in previous studies. A flash event and subsequent rapid cooling can contribute to forming fine eutectic ceramics with a relatively low furnace temperature and short processing time.
The role of learning motivation on financial knowledge among Vietnamese college students
Authors: Phung Trang M. T. , Tran Quoc N. , Nguyen‐Hoang Phuong , Nguyen Nhut H. , Nguyen Tho H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUsing survey data from 730 undergraduates in Vietnam, we find that learning motivation and its components, especially self‐efficacy, finance learning value, and achievement goals, significantly correlate with students' financial literacy performance. In addition, these correlations are moderated by student characteristics, among which academic seniority, university type, parents' education, and extra math study during high school matter the most. Our results raise significant implications to policymakers, researchers, and educators that include understanding the role of motivation and incorporating it in financial literacy education and intervention programs and considering the moderation roles that individuals' characteristics play in the motivation‐financial literacy link. We encourage more research in these areas.
Case series of tongue necrosis from vascular complications after chin augmentation with hyaluronic acid: Potential pathophysiology and management
Authors: Thanasarnaksorn Wilai , Thanyavuthi Apichaya , Prasertvit Piyatida , Rattanakuntee Siwakorn , Jitaree Benrita , Suwanchinda Atchima 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundEven though the chin is considered a safe injection area for facial filler augmentation, tongue necrosis is a rare complication in this area.ObjectiveOur aim was to present case series of rare complications from chin filler augmentation with possible pathophysiology and management.MethodsFrom our thorough literature search found only one case report of tongue necrosis from chin filler augmentation. We present case series of unilateral tongue necrosis from vascular occlusion following hyaluronic acid injection in the chin, which was successfully treated with a high‐dose hyaluronidase injection resulting in complete recovery in all patients.ResultsVariation in vascular anastomosis leads to a possible cause of vascular occlusion. The lingual artery is the primary arterial supply for the tongue, which is an exclusive target for embolism. Two main responsible arteries and branches are the deep lingual and sublingual arteries. The submental artery variation was previously described as the cause of this event. We proposed potential pathophysiology of the occlusion, not only the variation of vasculature but bone. The midline lingual foramen, an anatomical bone variation on the surface of the midline inferior jaw, was found to be another possible cause. This foramen contains a branch of the submental and sublingual artery, which includes the perforating artery, median perforating artery, or both. Filler injection with a sharp needle on the bone can potentially increase the risk of this vascular incident. A high dose of hyaluronidase administered with multiplane injections was accomplished with complete recovery.ConclusionsTongue necrosis from vascular complications after hyaluronic acid filler injection can occur. Not only vessels but bone variation pathology were possible causes.
Determinants of consumer adoption of halal cosmetics: A systematic literature review
Authors: Isa Raihan Mohd , Man Saadan , Rahman Noor Naemah Abdul , Aziz Atiqah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe global halal cosmetics market is projected to grow during the forecast period. However, the factors that influenced consumers in the world to opt for halal cosmetics remain ambiguous.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to understand the universal concept of halal cosmetics and a framework of critical points that influence consumers in purchasing halal cosmetic products.MethodThe method used was Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) Statement by using Web of Science and Scopus databases. This study extends the systematic literature review covering all variables in purchasing halal cosmetics as halal cosmetic is not simply a religious issue, but it is also an opportunity to increase sales and acquire a competitive advantage.ResultsThis study found 14 articles that mainly discussed the critical points related to religiosity and product factors, that is, ingredient, halal logo, and halal certification as the highest driver in influencing consumers to purchase halal cosmetics. Other related factors in this study are price, promotion, place, social factors, and characteristics of consumers. These factors should be taken into consideration as they provide a plus point and an extra edge to local or international manufacturers to tap the global markets for halal cosmetic products that cater to both Muslims and non‐Muslims communities.Practical ImplicationsCosmetic manufacturers and marketers must ensure that their products suit the expectation of consumers as todays halalan and tayyiban products are being searched rather than branded products due to their cleanliness, safety, and hygienic.Originality/ValueThis study is among the earliest study examining the factors of purchase intention in halal cosmetics using a systematic literature review method that integrates marketing stimulus (product, price, promotion, and place) and other stimuli (social, religious, and characteristics).
Integration of single‐cell and bulk transcriptomics reveals immune‐related signatures in keloid
Authors: Wang Hanwen , Zhou Ziheng , Xie Julin , Qi Shaohai , Tang Jinming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundKeloid is a pathological dermatological condition that manifests as an overgrowth scar secondary to skin trauma. This study endeavored to excavate immune‐related signatures of keloid based on single‐cell RNA (scRNA) sequencing data and bulk RNA sequencing data.MethodThe keloid‐relevant scRNA sequencing dataset GSE163973 and bulk RNA sequencing dataset GSE113619 were mined from the GEO database. The “Seurat” R package was utilized for data quality control, cell clustering, and investigation of marker genes of each cell cluster. The “SingleR” package helped match the marker genes of the corresponding cluster to specific cell types. Moreover, the R package “Monocle” was deployed for pseudotemporal ordering analysis, and the “clusterProfiler” was applied for functional and pathway enrichment analysis. The immune‐related signatures were then identified, and potential targeted drugs were predicted via the DGIdb database. Verification of the immune‐related signatures in clinical validation samples was implemented by RT‐qPCR.ResultsTotally 23 cell clusters were screened and classified into 10 cell types based on the scRNA sequencing data. The keloid group had a significantly higher endothelial cell proportion than the control group. As enrichment analysis was applied in both differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of scRNA and bulk RNA sequencing data, we found they were enriched in multiple common immune‐related pathways and biological processes. Meanwhile, we acquired three immune‐related signatures (VCAM1, CALCRL, and HLA‐DPB1) by intersecting the above DEGs with immune‐related genes (IRGs). Then, we predicted 16 drugs potentially targeting the biomarkers through the DGIdb database. Finally, the outcome of RT‐qPCR of clinical validation samples further verified the results.ConclusionIn conclusion, we analyzed the cell types and functional differences in the keloid through scRNA and bulk RNA sequencing data. We identified three immune‐related signatures (VCAM1, CALCRL, and HLA‐DPB1) in keloid, providing a basis for further in‐depth investigation of the molecular mechanisms of keloid and exploration of therapeutic targets.
Effectiveness of multidisciplinary intervention for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Hailian , Li Haixiang , Wang Jing , Chu Limin , Huang Lixia , Zhao Mingxia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of multidisciplinary intervention for patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).MethodsA total of 126 patients diagnosed with GDM from January 2020 to December 2021 in our hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into the control group (conventional treatment) and the study group (adding multidisciplinary intervention). Glucose index, self‐management ability, psychological status, and delivery outcomes were evaluated.ResultsFasting plasma glucose (4.32 ± 0.81 mmol/L), glycosylated hemoglobin (5.47 ± 1.09%), and postprandial blood glucose (6.02 ± 1.47 mmol/L) after intervention in study group were significantly lower than those in control group (p < 0.05), as well as those before intervention (p < 0.05). The score of GDM knowledge (38.03 ± 2.76), self‐management (38.93 ± 2.32), social support (17.84 ± 1.23), and belief (17.93 ± 1.09) were all significantly higher than those of control group (p < 0.05), as well as those before intervention (p < 0.05). Besides, anxiety (7.83 ± 1.59) and depression (10.29 ± 1.82) evaluation scores showed that emotional relief were significantly achieved after intervention in study group compared with control group (p < 0.05). Moreover, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, cesarean delivery, premature delivery, macrosomia, and neonatal hypoglycemia was also significantly improved after intervention in study group compared with control group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsMultidisciplinary intervention can effectively control blood glucose levels, adjust self‐management behavior, relieve psychological disorder, reduce complications, and improve delivery outcomes of GDM patients.
Good Children Do Not Always Do Good Behavior: Moral Licensing Effects in Preschoolers1, 2, 3
Authors: Furukawa Yoshiya , Fuji Shohei , Sugimura Shinichiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious research reveals that past moral behavior can promote future moral behavior, or sometimes discourage people's engagement in moral behavior. This is known as the moral licensing effect. Although most previous research on moral licensing has focused on adults, a few studies have also investigated children. The present study investigated moral licensing effects in preschool children. Participants were 47 Japanese preschool children between the ages of 43 and 77 months. We manipulated licensing by inducing participants to experience prosocial behavior. More specifically, we provided participants in the license condition an opportunity to share their resources with another. Then, all participants allocated five stickers to themselves and others in a resource allocation task. The results showed that the children in the license condition were less likely to engage in prosocial behavior than those in the control condition. This is the first study showing that moral licensing effects also occur in children, suggesting that like adults, applying morality for preschool children is flexible with regards to situations and experiences.
Positive‐strand RNA viruses—a Keystone Symposia report
Authors: Cable Jennifer , Denison Mark R. , Kielian Margaret , Jackson William T. , Bartenschlager Ralf , Ahola Tero , Mukhopadhyay Suchetana , Fremont Daved H. , Kuhn Richard J. , Shannon Ashleigh , Frazier Meredith N. , Yuen Kwok‐Yung , Coyne Carolyn B. , Wolthers Katja C. , Ming Guo‐Li , Guenther Camy S. , Moshiri Jasmine , Best Sonja M. , Schoggins John W. , Jurado Kellie Ann , Ebel Gregory D. , Schäfer Alexandra , Ng Lisa F. P. , Kikkert Marjolein , Sette Alessandro , Harris Eva , Wing Peter A. C. , Eggenberger Julie , Krishnamurthy Siddharth R. , Mah Marcus G. , Meganck Rita M. , Chung Donghoon , Maurer‐Stroh Sebastian , Andino Raul , Korber Bette , Perlman Stanley , Shi Pei‐Yong , Bárcena Montserrat , Aicher Sophie‐Marie , Vu Michelle N. , Kenney Devin J. , Lindenbach Brett D. , Nishida Yukiko , Rénia Laurent , Williams Evan P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPositive‐strand RNA viruses have been the cause of several recent outbreaks and epidemics, including the Zika virus epidemic in 2015, the SARS outbreak in 2003, and the ongoing SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. On June 18–22, 2022, researchers focusing on positive‐strand RNA viruses met for the Keystone Symposium “Positive‐Strand RNA Viruses” to share the latest research in molecular and cell biology, virology, immunology, vaccinology, and antiviral drug development. This report presents concise summaries of the scientific discussions at the symposium.
Prevalence of and risk factors for nutritional deficiency and food allergy in a cohort of 21 patients with Netherton syndrome
Authors: Prodinger Christine , Yerlett Natalie , MacDonald Cassie , Chottianchaiwat Subhanitthaya , Goh Leanne , Du Toit George , Mellerio Jemima E. , Petrof Gabriela , Martinez Anna E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundNetherton syndrome (NS; OMIM: 256500) is a rare autosomal recessively inherited disease due to SPINK5 mutations. Hair and inflammatory skin involvement are variable along with allergies. Morbidity and mortality are high, particularly in infancy. A detailed clinical analysis of a NS patient cohort should broaden the understanding of nutritional challenges and allergic comorbidities.MethodsIn this retrospective monocentric cohort study, medical and dietetic records of pediatric NS patients, presenting between 1999 and 2018, were reviewed. The severity of skin involvement was assessed according to the extent of the body surface area (BSA) affected by erythema.ResultsWe identified 21 patients with NS (median age 11.6 years). Within the first 6 months of life, requirements for fluid and kcals/protein were high for all patients (average 228 ml/kg/day) and infants had an average of 1.9 feed changes (range 0–4) due to food intolerance. Clinical evidence for IgE‐mediated food allergy was present in 84.2% (16/19 children, 2 no data) with a range of 1–12 food allergies per patient. In 75%, more than one food had to be avoided. Specific IgE levels were falsely positive in 38.3% and 8/18 patients (44.4%). One‐third (5/15; 6 no data) of patients, all with severe disease, had anaphylactic reactions following ingestion of fish (n = 2), sesame (n = 1), cow's milk (n = 1), and both peanut and egg (n = 1).ConclusionsOur data emphasize feeding difficulties in children with NS and reveal an unexpectedly higher prevalence of food allergies that gives evidence to the importance of early coordinated multidisciplinary care for overcoming these challenges in NS.