bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Knee-Fix study: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating cemented and cementless components in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Tay Mei Lin , Zeng Nina , Holland Sherina , Bayan Ali , Farrington Bill J. , van Rooyen Rupert , Sharp Rob , Elliott Robert S. J. , Walker Matthew L. , Young Simon W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective procedure for patients with a variety of knee conditions. The main cause of aseptic TKA failure is implant loosening, which has been linked to poor cement mantle quality. Cementless components were introduced to offer better longer-term biological fixation through osseointegration; however, early designs led to increased rate of revision due to a lack of initial press-fit and bony ingrowth. Newer highly porous metal designs may alleviate this issue but randomised data of fully uncemented TKA (tibial, femoral, patella) is lacking. The aim of the Knee-Fix study is to investigate the long-term implant survival and patient outcomes of fully uncemented compared with cemented fixation in TKA. Our study hypothesis was that uncemented TKA would be as clinically reliable and durable as the gold-standard cemented TKA.

Methods
The Knee-Fix study is a two-arm, single-blinded, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial with 160 patients in each arm and follow-up at 6 weeks, 6 months, 12 months, 24 months, 5 years and 10 years. The primary outcome of interest is implant fixation, which will be measured by assessment of postoperative progressive radiolucencies with the Knee Society Total Knee Arthroplasty Roentgenographic Evaluation and Scoring System. Secondary outcome measures are patient-reported outcomes, measured using Oxford Knee Score (OKS), International Knee Society System (IKSS), Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12), EuroQol (EQ-5D-5L), VAS Pain, Patient Satisfaction Score and Net Promoter Score.

Discussion
While cemented fixation remains the gold standard, a growing proportion of TKA are now implanted cementless. Highly porous metal cementless components for TKA can offer several benefits including potentially improved biological fixation; however, long-term outcomes need further investigation. This prospective study will help discern long-term differences between the two techniques.

Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12616001624471. Registered trial name: Knee-Fix study (Cemented vs Uncemented Total Knee Replacement). Registered on 24 November 2016.
Seasonal variation in abundance and blood meal sources of primary and secondary malaria vectors within Kilombero Valley, Southern Tanzania
Authors: Katusi Godfrey C. , Hermy Marie R. G. , Makayula Samwely M. , Ignell Rickard , Govella Nicodem J. , Hill Sharon R. , Mnyone Ladslaus L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Existing control tools have significantly reduced malaria over the past two decades. However, progress has been stalled due to increased resistance in primary vectors and the increasing role of secondary vectors. This study aimed to investigate the impact of seasonal change on primary and secondary vector abundance and host preference. Understanding the impact of seasonal dynamics of primary and secondary vectors on disease transmission will inform effective strategies for vector management and control.

Methods
Vector abundance was measured through longitudinal collection of mosquitoes, conducted monthly during the wet and dry seasons, in Sagamaganga, a village in the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania. Mosquitoes were collected indoors using CDC light traps and backpack aspirators, and outdoors using resting buckets baited with cattle urine. In addition, a direct measure of host preference was taken monthly using human- and cattle-baited mosquito electrocuting traps. A host census was conducted to provide an indirect measure of host preference together with monthly blood meal source analysis. All collected mosquitoes were assayed for Plasmodium sporozoites.

Results
A total of 2828 anophelines were collected, of which 78.5% and 21.4%, were primary and secondary vectors, respectively. The abundance of the primary vectors, Anopheles arabiensis and Anopheles funestus, and of the secondary vectors varied seasonally. Indirect measures of host preference indicated that all vectors varied blood meal choice seasonally, with the direct measure confirming this for An. arabiensis. All anopheline mosquitoes tested negative for sporozoites.

Conclusions
At the study location, the abundance of both primary and secondary vectors changed seasonally. Indirect and direct measures of host preference demonstrated that An. arabiensis varied from being zoophilic to being more opportunistic during the wet and dry seasons. A similar trend was observed for the other vectors.

Graphical Abstract
Decreased SUV39H1 at the promoter region leads to increased CREMα and accelerates autoimmune response in CD4+ T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Luo Shuangyan , Zhang Huilin , Xie Yuming , Huang Junke , Luo Danhong , Zhang Qing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Overproduction of cAMP-responsive element modulator α (CREMα) in total T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can inhibit IL-2 and increase IL-17A. These ultimately promote progression of SLE. This study aims to investigate the expression of CREMα in SLE CD4+ T cells and find out the mechanisms for the regulation of CREMα in SLE CD4+ T cells.

Results
CREMα mRNA was overexpressed in CD4+ T cells from SLE patients. The levels of histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) and suppressor of variation 3–9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) at the CREMα promoter of SLE CD4+ T cells were markedly decreased. Down-regulating SUV39H1 in normal CD4+ T cells elevated the levels of CREMα, IL-17A, and histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) in the CREMα promoter region, and lowered IL-2, H3K9me3, DNA methylation, and DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a) enrichments within the CREMα promoter, while no sharp change in SET domain containing 1 (Set1) at the CREMα promoter. Up-regulating SUV39H1 in SLE CD4+ T cells had the opposite effects. The DNA methylation and DNMT3a levels were obviously reduced, and H3K4me3 enrichment was greatly increased at the CREMα promoter of CD4+ T cells from SLE patients. The Set1 binding in the CREMα promoter region upgraded significantly, and knocking down Set1 in SLE CD4+ T cells alleviated the H3K4me3 enrichment within this region, suppressed CREMα and IL-17A productions, and promoted the levels of IL-2, CREMα promoter DNA methylation, and DNMT3a. But there were no obviously alterations in H3K9me3 and SUV39H1 amounts in the region after transfection.

Conclusions
Decreased SUV39H1 in the CREMα promoter region of CD4+ T cells from SLE patients contributes to under-expression of H3K9me3 at this region. In the meantime, the Set1 binding at the CREMα promoter of SLE CD4+ T cells is up-regulated. As a result, DNMT3a and DNA methylation levels alleviate, and H3K4me3 binding increases. All these lead to overproduction of CREMα. Thus, the secretion of IL-2 down-regulates and the concentration of IL-17A up-regulates, ultimately promoting SLE.
Experience-dependent changes in hippocampal spatial activity and hippocampal circuit function are disrupted in a rat model of Fragile X Syndrome
Authors: Asiminas Antonis , Booker Sam A. , Dando Owen R. , Kozic Zrinko , Arkell Daisy , Inkpen Felicity H. , Sumera Anna , Akyel Irem , Kind Peter C. , Wood Emma R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a common single gene cause of intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. Cognitive inflexibility is one of the hallmarks of FXS with affected individuals showing extreme difficulty adapting to novel or complex situations. To explore the neural correlates of this cognitive inflexibility, we used a rat model of FXS (Fmr1−/y).

Methods
We recorded from the CA1 in Fmr1−/y and WT littermates over six 10-min exploration sessions in a novel environment—three sessions per day (ITI 10 min). Our recordings yielded 288 and 246 putative pyramidal cells from 7 WT and 7 Fmr1−/y rats, respectively.

Results
On the first day of exploration of a novel environment, the firing rate and spatial tuning of CA1 pyramidal neurons was similar between wild-type (WT) and Fmr1−/y rats. However, while CA1 pyramidal neurons from WT rats showed experience-dependent changes in firing and spatial tuning between the first and second day of exposure to the environment, these changes were decreased or absent in CA1 neurons of Fmr1−/y rats. These findings were consistent with increased excitability of Fmr1−/y CA1 neurons in ex vivo hippocampal slices, which correlated with reduced synaptic inputs from the medial entorhinal cortex. Lastly, activity patterns of CA1 pyramidal neurons were dis-coordinated with respect to hippocampal oscillatory activity in Fmr1−/y rats.

Limitations
It is still unclear how the observed circuit function abnormalities give rise to behavioural deficits in Fmr1−/y rats. Future experiments will focus on this connection as well as the contribution of other neuronal cell types in the hippocampal circuit pathophysiology associated with the loss of FMRP. It would also be interesting to see if hippocampal circuit deficits converge with those seen in other rodent models of intellectual disability.

Conclusions
In conclusion, we found that hippocampal place cells from Fmr1−/y rats show similar spatial firing properties as those from WT rats but do not show the same experience-dependent increase in spatial specificity or the experience-dependent changes in network coordination. Our findings offer support to a network-level origin of cognitive deficits in FXS.
Fitted numerical method for singularly perturbed Burger–Huxley equation
Authors: Daba Imiru T. , Duressa Gemechis F. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper deals with the numerical treatment of a singularly perturbed unsteady Burger–Huxley equation. We linearize the problem using the Newton–Raphson–Kantorovich approximation method. We discretize the resulting linear problem using the implicit Euler method and specially fitted finite difference method for time and space variables, respectively. We provide the stability and convergence analysis of the method, which is first-order parameter uniform convergent. We present several model examples to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method. The numerical results depict that the present method is more convergent than some methods available in the literature.
Accessible decision support for sustainable energy systems in developing countries
Authors: Hart Maria C. G. , Eckhoff Sarah , Breitner Michael H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWith rising electricity demand through digitization and innovation, the urgency of climate change mitigation, and the recent geopolitical crisis, stakeholders in developing countries face the complex task to build reliable, affordable, and low-emission energy systems. Information inaccessibility, data unavailability, and scarce local expertise are major challenges for planning and transitioning to decentralized solutions. Motivated by the calls for more solution-oriented research regarding sustainability, we design, develop, and evaluate the web-based decision support system NESSI4Dweb+ that is tailored to the needs and capabilities of various stakeholders in developing countries. NESSI4Dweb+ is open access and considers location-specific circumstances to facilitate multi-energy planning. Its applicability is demonstrated with a case study of a representative rural village in southern Madagascar and evaluated through seven interviews with experts and stakeholders. We show that NESSI4Dweb+ can support the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and enable the very prerequisite of digitization: reliable electrification.
Fashioning Women Citizens in al-Fajr
Authors: Peterson Johanna L 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
When Najla Abillama published the first issue of al-Fajr (The Dawn) in Beirut in January 1919, hope infused articles that looked forward to the future of the homeland and its daughters. Key to that future was the home. Using postcolonial literary theory, Stephen Greenblatt’s notion of self-fashioning, and Nan Enstad’s definition of political subjects, this article analyzes a fictional correspondence between Salma and her daughter Mary, published in al-Fajr from late 1919 through 1920. The article argues that these letters marshal the discourse of domesticity—women as educated managers of their homes, children, and husbands—to articulate women’s roles in public, national life. Thus the mother-daughter and husband-wife relationships highlighted in the correspondence fashion women as citizens patriotically devoted to and shaped by the nation, partnered with their fellow citizens for its improvement. This analysis provides a model for reexamining the relationship between the domestic and the national in the interwar women’s press.
The Information Value of Distress
Authors: Hilpert Christian , Hirth Stefan , Szimayer Alexander 
Published: December 2022

We propose a novel framework for investigating learning dynamics on the debt market. Observing a firm’s survival of apparently distressed periods, the market eliminates asset value estimates that are too low to be consistent with the observed survival. Therefore, the firm’s cost of debt becomes lower for given financials. Relative to a perfect information setting, the firm strategically delays default to benefit from a subsequently lower cost of debt. Default comes as a surprise, as it reveals the currently worst possible asset value as correct. The surprise effect is mitigated for debt with higher performance sensitivity and for lower ex ante information asymmetry. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance. Funding: This work was supported by Danmarks Frie Forskningsfond [Grant 0133-00087B], Australian Research Council [Grant DP160104737], the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Grant 282079427], Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China [Grant 18wkpy36], and the Danish Finance Institute (DFI). Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4632 .
Multi-color UCNPs/CsPb(Br1-xIx)3 for upconversion luminescence and dual-modal anticounterfeiting
Authors: Li Mingxing , Liu Wenting , Yang Tieshan , Xu Qinfeng , Mu Haifeng , Han Jing , Cao Kunjian , Jiao Mengmeng , Liu Mingliang , Zhang Shufang , Tan Xiaoming , Yang Chuanlu 
Published: December 2022

Advanced hybrid materials have attracted extensive attention in optoelectronics and photonics application due to their unique and excellent properties. Here, the multicolor upconversion luminescence properties of the hybrid materials composed of CsPbX3(X = Br/I) perovskite quantum dots and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs, core-shell NaYF4:25%Yb3+,0.5%Tm3+@NaYF4) is reported, achieving the upconversion luminescence with stable and bright of CsPbX3 perovskite quantum dots under 980 nm excitation. Compared with the nonlinear upconversion of multi-photon absorption in perovskite, UCNPs/CsPbX3 achieves lower power density excitation by using the UCNPs as the physical energy transfer level, meeting the demand for multi-color upconversion luminescence in optical applications. Also, the UCNPs/CsPbX3 combined with ultraviolet curable resin (UVCR) shows excellent water and air stability, which can be employed as multicolor fluorescent ink for screen printing security labels. Through the conversion strategy, the message of the security labels can be encrypted and decrypted by using UV light and a 980 nm continuous wave excitation laser as a switch, which greatly improves the difficulty of forgery. These findings provide a general method to stimulate photon upconversion and improve the stability of perovskite nanocrystals, which will be better applied in the field of anti-counterfeiting.
Safety and immunogenicity of a reduced dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (REDU-VAC): A single blind, randomized, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Pannus Pieter , Depickère Stéphanie , Kemlin Delphine , Houben Sarah , Neven Kristof Y. , Heyndrickx Leo , Michiels Johan , Willems Elisabeth , De Craeye Stéphane , Francotte Antoine , Chaumont Félicie , Olislagers Véronique , Waegemans Alexandra , Verbrugghe Mathieu , Schmickler Marie-Noëlle , Van Gucht Steven , Dierick Katelijne , Marchant Arnaud , Desombere Isabelle , Ariën Kevin K. , Goossens Maria E. 
Published: December 2022

Fractional dosing of COVID-19 vaccines could accelerate vaccination rates in low-income countries. Dose-finding studies of the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) suggest that a fractional dose induces comparable antibody responses to the full dose in people <55 years. Here, we report the safety and immunogenicity of a fractional dose regimen of the BNT162b2 vaccine. REDU-VAC is a participant-blinded, randomised, phase 4, non-inferiority study. Adults 18–55 years old, either previously infected or infection naïve, were randomly assigned to receive 20μg/20μg (fractional dose) or 30μg/30μg (full dose) of BNT162b2. The primary endpoint was the geometric mean ratio (GMR) of SARS-CoV-2 anti-RBD IgG titres at 28 days post second dose between the reduced and full dose regimens. The reduced dose was considered non-inferior to the full dose if the lower limit of the two-sided 95% CI of the GMR was >0.67. Primary analysis was done on the per-protocol population, including infection naïve participants only. 145 participants were enrolled and randomized, were mostly female (69.5%), of European origin (95%), with a mean age of 40.4 years (SD 7.9). At 28 days post second dose, the geometric mean titre (GMT) of anti-RBD IgG of the reduced dose regimen (1,705 BAU/mL) was not non-inferior to the full dose regimen (2,387 BAU/mL), with a GMR of 0.714 (two-sided 95% CI 0.540–0.944). No serious adverse events occurred. While non-inferiority of the reduced dose regimen was not demonstrated, the anti-RBD IgG titre was only moderately lower than that of the full dose regimen and, importantly, still markedly higher than the reported antibody response to the licensed adenoviral vector vaccines. These data suggest that reduced doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine may offer additional benefit as compared to the vaccines currently in use in most low and middle-income countries, warranting larger immunogenicity and effectiveness trials.
Trial Registration: The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04852861).
Optimising reporting of adverse events following immunisation by healthcare workers in Ghana: A qualitative study in four regions
Authors: Aborigo Raymond Akawire , Welaga Paul , Oduro Abraham , Shaum Anna , Opare Joseph , Dodoo Alex , Ampadu Hilda , Gidudu Jane F. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Despite the emphasis on reporting of Adverse Events Following Immunisation (AEFIs) during didactic training sessions, especially prior to new vaccine introductions, it remains low in Ghana. We explored the factors underlying the under-reporting of AEFI by healthcare workers (HCWs) to provide guidance on appropriate interventions to increase reporting.

Methods
We conducted an exploratory descriptive in-depth study of the factors contributing to low reporting of AEFI among HCWs in four regions in Ghana. Key informant interviews (KII) were held with purposively selected individuals that are relevant to the AEFI reporting process at the district, regional, and national levels. We used KII guides to conduct in-depth interviews and used NVivo 10 qualitative software to analyse the data. Themes on factors influencing AEFI reporting were derived inductively from the data, and illustrative quotes from respondents were used to support the narratives.

Results
We conducted 116 KIIs with the health managers, regulators and frontline HCWs and found that lack of information on reportable AEFIs and reporting structures, misunderstanding of reportable AEFIs, heavy workload, cost of reporting AEFIs, fear of blame by supervisors, lack of motivation, and inadequate feedback as factors responsible for underreporting of AEFIs. Respondents suggested that capacity building for frontline HCWs, effective supervision, the provision of motivation and feedback, simplification of reporting procedures, incentives for integrating AEFI reporting into routine monitoring and reporting, standardization of reporting procedures across regions, and developing appropriate interventions to address the fear of personal consequences would help improve AEFI reporting.

Conclusion
From the perspectives of a broad range of key informants at all levels of the vaccine safety system, we found multiple factors (both structural and behavioural), that may impact HCW reporting of AEFI in Ghana. Improvements in line with the suggestions are necessary for increased AEFI reporting in Ghana.
Bidirectional association between depression and diabetic nephropathy by meta-analysis
Authors: Fang Tingting , Zhang Qiuling , Wang Zhiguo , Liu Jun-Ping 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundStudies suggested that the association between depression and diabetic nephropathy may be bi-directional, but this hypothesis remains investigating. In this meta-analysis, the bi-directional relationship between depression and diabetic nephropathy was investigated.MethodsA search for the publications on depression and diabetic nephropathy in the databases of PubMed, Web of science, and Embase from the earliest available to August 2022 was conducted. Two sets of pooled risk estimates were calculated using random effects models: diabetic nephropathy predicting depression and depression predicting diabetic nephropathy. Cross-sectional studies were assessed using Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), cohort and case-control studies were assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).ResultOf the 974,121 patients in 30 clinical studies, 24 studies met eligibility for diabetic nephropathy predicting onset of depression, representing 28,438 incident cases. The other 6 studies met criteria for depression predicting onset of diabetic nephropathy, representing 945,683 incident cases. The pooled odds ratio (OR) of diabetic nephropathy predicting depression was 1.46 (95% CI 1.27–1.67). The OR of depression predicting diabetic nephropathy was 1.22 (95% CI 1.13–1.31).ConclusionThis meta-analysis shows that the relationship between depression and diabetic nephropathy may be bidirectional. Diabetic nephropathy may be a predictor of depression, and depression may also be an indicator of diabetic nephropathy. The mechanisms underlying the bidirectional relationship need to be further investigated and interventions of the comorbidity of depression and diabetic nephropathy need be studied in clinical practice.