bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The CDK inhibitor AT7519 inhibits human glioblastoma cell growth by inducing apoptosis, pyroptosis and cell cycle arrest
Authors: Zhao Wenpeng , Zhang Liang , Zhang Yaya , Jiang Zhengye , Lu Hanwen , Xie Yuanyuan , Han Wanhong , Zhao Wentao , He Jiawei , Shi Zhongjie , Yang Huiying , Chen Junjie , Chen Sifang , Li Zhangyu , Mao Jianyao , Zhou Liwei , Gao Xin , Li Wenhua , Tan Guowei , Zhang Bingchang , Wang Zhanxiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal primary brain tumor with a poor median survival of less than 15 months. However, clinical strategies and effective therapies are limited. Here, we found that the second-generation small molecule multi-CDK inhibitor AT7519 is a potential drug for GBM treatment according to high-throughput screening via the Approved Drug Library and Clinical Compound Library (2718 compounds). We found that AT7519 significantly inhibited the cell viability and proliferation of U87MG, U251, and patient-derived primary GBM cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, AT7519 also inhibited the phosphorylation of CDK1/2 and arrested the cell cycle at the G1-S and G2-M phases. More importantly, AT7519 induced intrinsic apoptosis and pyroptosis via caspase-3-mediated cleavage of gasdermin E (GSDME). In the glioblastoma intracranial and subcutaneous xenograft assays, tumor volume was significantly reduced after treatment with AT7519. In summary, AT7519 induces cell death through multiple pathways and inhibits glioblastoma growth, indicating that AT7519 is a potential chemical available for GBM treatment.
Exposure to the Russian Internet Research Agency foreign influence campaign on Twitter in the 2016 US election and its relationship to attitudes and voting behavior
Authors: Eady Gregory , Paskhalis Tom , Zilinsky Jan , Bonneau Richard , Nagler Jonathan , Tucker Joshua A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere is widespread concern that foreign actors are using social media to interfere in elections worldwide. Yet data have been unavailable to investigate links between exposure to foreign influence campaigns and political behavior. Using longitudinal survey data from US respondents linked to their Twitter feeds, we quantify the relationship between exposure to the Russian foreign influence campaign and attitudes and voting behavior in the 2016 US election. We demonstrate, first, that exposure to Russian disinformation accounts was heavily concentrated: only 1% of users accounted for 70% of exposures. Second, exposure was concentrated among users who strongly identified as Republicans. Third, exposure to the Russian influence campaign was eclipsed by content from domestic news media and politicians. Finally, we find no evidence of a meaningful relationship between exposure to the Russian foreign influence campaign and changes in attitudes, polarization, or voting behavior. The results have implications for understanding the limits of election interference campaigns on social media.
Patient-specific identification of genome-wide DNA-methylation differences between intracranial and extracranial melanoma metastases
Authors: Kraft Theresa , Grützmann Konrad , Meinhardt Matthias , Meier Friedegund , Westphal Dana , Seifert Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMelanomas frequently metastasize to distant organs and especially intracranial metastases still represent a major clinical challenge. Epigenetic reprogramming of intracranial metastases is thought to be involved in therapy failure, but so far only little is known about patient-specific DNA-methylation differences between intra- and extracranial melanoma metastases. Hierarchical clustering of the methylomes of 24 patient-matched intra- and extracranial melanoma metastases pairs revealed that intra- and extracranial metastases of individual patients were more similar to each other than to metastases in the same tissue from other patients. Therefore, a personalized analysis of each metastases pair was done by a Hidden Markov Model to classify methylation levels of individual CpGs as decreased, unchanged or increased in the intra- compared to the extracranial metastasis. The predicted DNA-methylation alterations were highly patient-specific differing in the number and methylation states of altered CpGs. Nevertheless, four important general observations were made: (i) intracranial metastases of most patients mainly showed a reduction of DNA-methylation, (ii) cytokine signaling was most frequently affected by differential methylation in individual metastases pairs, but also MAPK, PI3K/Akt and ECM signaling were often altered, (iii) frequently affected genes were mainly involved in signaling, growth, adhesion or apoptosis, and (iv) an enrichment of functional terms related to channel and transporter activities supports previous findings for a brain-like phenotype. In addition, the derived set of 17 signaling pathway genes that distinguished intra- from extracranial metastases in more than 50% of patients included well-known oncogenes (e.g. PRKCA,DUSP6,BMP4) and several other genes known from neuronal disorders (e.g. EIF4B,SGK1,CACNG8). Moreover, associations of gene body methylation alterations with corresponding gene expression changes revealed that especially the three signaling pathway genesJAK3,MECOM, andTNXBdiffer strongly in their expression between patient-matched intra- and extracranial metastases. Our analysis contributes to an in-depth characterization of DNA-methylation differences between patient-matched intra- and extracranial melanoma metastases and may provide a basis for future experimental studies to identify targets for new therapeutic approaches.
Tracking the British agricultural revolution through the isotopic analysis of dated parchment
Authors: Doherty Sean P. , Alexander Michelle M. , Henderson Stuart , Newton Jason , Finch Jonathan , Collins Matthew J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBetween the sixteenth and nineteenth century, British agriculture underwent a ‘revolutionary’ transformation. Yet despite over a century of research and the recognised centrality of agricultural developments to industrialisation and population growth, the character or chronology of any ‘revolution’ during this period remains contentious. Enquiry has been hampered by the fragmented and locally specific nature of historic accounts and the broad dating of early-modern zooarchaeological assemblages. To address this, we conducted stable isotope analysis on 658 legal documents written on sheepskin parchment; a unique biological resource that records the day, month and year of use (AD 1499 to 1969). We find these provide a high temporal resolution analysis of changing agricultural practices and episodes of disease. Most significantly, they suggest that if an ‘Agricultural Revolution’ occurred in livestock management, it did so from the mid-nineteenth century, in the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars.
Geomagnetic disturbance associated with increased vagrancy in migratory landbirds
Authors: Tonelli Benjamin A. , Youngflesh Casey , Tingley Morgan W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRare birds known as “accidentals” or “vagrants” have long captivated birdwatchers and puzzled biologists, but the drivers of these rare occurrences remain elusive. Errors in orientation or navigation are considered one potential driver: migratory birds use the Earth’s magnetic field—sensed using specialized magnetoreceptor structures—to traverse long distances over often unfamiliar terrain. Disruption to these magnetoreceptors or to the magnetic field itself could potentially cause errors leading to vagrancy. Using data from 2 million captures of 152 landbird species in North America over 60 years, we demonstrate a strong association between disruption to the Earth’s magnetic field and avian vagrancy during fall migration. Furthermore, we find that increased solar activity—a disruptor of the avian magnetoreceptor—generally counteracts this effect, potentially mitigating misorientation by disabling the ability for birds to use the magnetic field to orient. Our results link a hypothesized cause of misorientation to the phenomenon of avian vagrancy, further demonstrating the importance of magnetoreception among the orientation mechanisms of migratory birds. Geomagnetic disturbance may have important downstream ecological consequences, as vagrants may experience increased mortality rates or facilitate range expansions of avian populations and the organisms they disperse.
Constrained neuro fuzzy inference methodology for explainable personalised modelling with applications on gene expression data
Authors: Singh Balkaran , Doborjeh Maryam , Doborjeh Zohreh , Budhraja Sugam , Tan Samuel , Sumich Alexander , Goh Wilson , Lee Jimmy , Lai Edmund , Kasabov Nikola 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInterpretable machine learning models for gene expression datasets are important for understanding the decision-making process of a classifier and gaining insights on the underlying molecular processes of genetic conditions. Interpretable models can potentially support early diagnosis before full disease manifestation. This is particularly important yet, challenging for mental health. We hypothesise this is due to extreme heterogeneity issues which may be overcome and explained by personalised modelling techniques. Thus far, most machine learning methods applied to gene expression datasets, including deep neural networks, lack personalised interpretability. This paper proposes a new methodology named personalised constrained neuro fuzzy inference (PCNFI) for learning personalised rules from high dimensional datasets which are structurally and semantically interpretable. Case studies on two mental health related datasets (schizophrenia and bipolar disorders) have shown that the relatively short and simple personalised fuzzy rules provided enhanced interpretability as well as better classification performance compared to other commonly used machine learning methods. Performance test on a cancer dataset also showed that PCNFI matches previous benchmarks. Insights from our approach also indicated the importance of two genes (ATRX and TSPAN2) as possible biomarkers for early differentiation of ultra-high risk, bipolar and healthy individuals. These genes are linked to cognitive ability and impulsive behaviour. Our findings suggest a significant starting point for further research into the biological role of cognitive and impulsivity-related differences. With potential applications across bio-medical research, the proposed PCNFI method is promising for diagnosis, prognosis, and the design of personalised treatment plans for better outcomes in the future.
Microsecond cell triple-sorting enabled by multiple pulse irradiation of femtosecond laser
Authors: Kiya Ryota , Tang Tao , Tanaka Yo , Hosokawa Yoichiroh , Yalikun Yaxiaer 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFemtosecond-laser-assisted cell manipulation, as one of the high throughput cell sorting techniques, is tailored for single-step multiple sorting based on controllable impulsive force. In this paper, femtosecond laser pulses are focused within a pocket structure and they induce an impulse force acting on the flowing objects. The impulsive force is shown to be controllable by a new method to adjust the femtosecond pulse properties. This allows precise streamline manipulation of objects having various physical qualities (e.g., weight and volume). The pulse energy, pulse number, and pulse interval of the femtosecond laser are altered to determine the impulsive force strength. The method is validated in single cell or bead triple-sorting experiments and its capability to perform streamline manipulation in as little as 10 μs is shown. The shift profiles of the beads acting under the impulsive force are studied in order to better understand the sorting mechanism. Additionally, beads and cells with different fluorescence intensities are successfully detected and directed into different microchannels, with maximum success rates of 90% and 64.5%, respectively. To sum up, all results suggest that this method has the potential to sort arbitrary subpopulations by altering the number of femtosecond pulses and that it takes the first step toward developing a single-step multi-selective system.
3D reconstruction of proximal femoral fracture from biplanar radiographs with fractural representative learning
Authors: Buttongkum Danupong , Tangpornprasert Pairat , Virulsri Chanyaphan , Numkarunarunrote Numphung , Amarase Chavarin , Kobchaisawat Thananop , Chalidabhongse Thanarat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA femoral fracture is a severe injury occurring in traumatic and pathologic causes. Diagnosis and Preoperative planning are indispensable procedures relying on preoperative radiographs such as X-ray and CT images. Nevertheless, CT imaging has a higher cost, radiation dose, and longer acquisition time than X-ray imaging. Thus, the fracture 3D reconstruction from X-ray images had been needed and remains a challenging problem, as well as a lack of dataset. This paper proposes a 3D proximal femoral fracture reconstruction from biplanar radiographs to improve the 3D visualization of bone fragments during preoperative planning. A novel Fracture Reconstruction Network (FracReconNet) is proposed to retrieve the femoral bone shape with fracture details, including the 3D Reconstruction Network (3DReconNet), novel Auxiliary class (AC), and Fractural augmentation (FA). The 3D reconstruction network applies a deep learning-based, fully Convolutional Network with Feature Pyramid Network architecture. Specifically, the auxiliary class is proposed, which refers to fracture representation. It encourages network learning to reconstruct the fracture. Since the samples are scarce to acquire, the fractural augmentation is invented to enlarge the fracture training samples and improve reconstruction accuracy. The evaluation of FracReconNet achieved a mIoU of 0.851 and mASSD of 0.906 mm. The proposed FracReconNet’s results show fracture detail similar to the real fracture, while the 3DReconNet cannot offer.
Ecological insights into soil health according to the genomic traits and environment-wide associations of bacteria in agricultural soils
Authors: Wilhelm Roland C , Amsili Joseph P , Kurtz Kirsten S M , van Es Harold M , Buckley Daniel H 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSoil microbiomes are sensitive to current and previous soil conditions, and bacterial ‘bioindicators’ of biological, physical, and chemical soil properties have considerable potential for soil health assessment. However, the lack of ecological or physiological information for most soil microorganisms limits our ability to interpret the associations of bioindicators and, thus, their utility for guiding management. We identified bioindicators of tillage intensity and twelve soil properties used to rate soil health using a 16S rRNA gene-based survey of farmland across North America. We then inferred the genomic traits of bioindicators and evaluated their environment-wide associations (EWAS) with respect to agricultural management practice, disturbance, and plant associations with 89 studies from agroecosystems. Most bioindicators were either positively correlated with biological properties (e.g., organic matter) or negatively correlated with physical and chemical properties. Higher soil health ratings corresponded with smaller genome size and higher coding density, while lower ratings corresponded with larger genomes and higher rrn copy number. Community-weighted genome size explained most variation in health ratings. EWAS linked prominent bioindicators with the impacts of environmental disturbances. Our findings provide ecological insights into bioindicators of soil properties relevant to soil health management, illustrating the tight coupling of microbiome and soil function.
Identification of serum metabolome signatures associated with retinal and renal complications of type 2 diabetes
Authors: Tomofuji Yoshihiko , Suzuki Ken , Kishikawa Toshihiro , Shojima Nobuhiro , Hosoe Jun , Inagaki Kyoko , Matsubayashi Sunao , Ishihara Hisamitsu , Watada Hirotaka , Ishigaki Yasushi ,   The BioBank Japan Project, Yamanashi Yuji , Furukawa Yoichi , Morisaki Takayuki , Kamatani Yoichiro , Muto Kaori , Nagai Akiko , Obara Wataru , Yamaji Ken , Takahashi Kazuhisa , Asai Satoshi , Takahashi Yasuo , Suzuki Takao , Sinozaki Nobuaki , Yamaguchi Hiroki , Minami Shiro , Murayama Shigeo , Yoshimori Kozo , Nagayama Satoshi , Obata Daisuke , Higashiyama Masahiko , Masumoto Akihide , Koretsune Yukihiro , Inohara Hidenori , Murakami Yoshinori , Matsuda Koichi , Okada Yukinori , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Kadowaki Takashi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes is a common disease around the world and its major complications are diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Persons with type 2 diabetes with complications, especially who have both DR and DKD, have poorer prognoses than those without complications. Therefore, prevention and early identification of the complications of type 2 diabetes are necessary to improve the prognosis of persons with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to identify factors associated with the development of multiple complications of type 2 diabetes.

Methods
We profiled serum metabolites of persons with type 2 diabetes with both DR and DKD (N = 141) and without complications (N = 159) using a comprehensive non-targeted metabolomics approach with mass spectrometry. Based on the serum metabolite profiles, case–control comparisons and metabolite set enrichment analysis (MSEA) were performed.

Results
Here we show that five metabolites (cyclohexylamine, P = 4.5 × 10−6; 1,2-distearoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine, P = 7.3 × 10−6; piperidine, P = 4.8 × 10−4; N-acetylneuraminic acid, P = 5.1 × 10−4; stearoyl ethanolamide, P = 6.8 × 10−4) are significantly increased in those with the complications. MSEA identifies fatty acid biosynthesis as the type 2 diabetes complications-associated biological pathway (P = 0.0020).

Conclusions
Our metabolome analysis identifies the serum metabolite features of the persons with type 2 diabetes with multiple complications, which could potentially be used as biomarkers.
Nature et origine des cuirasses ferrugineuses de la région de Khat Oummat Elbid, Inchiri, Mauritanie
Authors: El Ghastalany Rayane , Branquet Yannick , Bagga Mohamed Abdoullah , Taviche Imad Khalil , Wafik Amina , Ghnahalla Mohamed , Abdeina El Houssein 
Published: January 2023

Les chapeaux de fer (ou gossans) développés à l’aplomb d’une minéralisation sulfurée et/ou oxydée primaire restent un métallotecte majeur pour l’exploration minière. L’identification de gossans au sein de régions arides à régolithe ferrugineux de différentes origines n’est pas aisée et suppose une bonne connaissance de ces formations superficielles indurées rouges à l’échelle régionale. En s’inscrivant dans cette démarche, nous avons étudié certaines cuirasses ferrugineuses de la région de Khat Oummat Elbid (KOB) d’Inchiri en Mauritanie, région activement prospectée pour l’or et le cuivre en particulier. La zone de KOB appartient au segment orogénique des Mauritanides septentrionales. Deux collines à socle de quartzite et coiffées de cuirasses ferrugineuses ont été sélectionnées pour cette étude. Les campagnes de terrain ont permis d’étudier le socle, de lever des logs dans les cuirasses et d’échantillonner pour des analyses pétrographiques, minéralogiques (microscopie optique, MEB, DRX) et géochimiques (multi-élémentaire roches totales). Il apparaît que les cuirasses étudiées sont des ferricrètes au sens strict sans lien direct avec le développement de profils latéritiques. Le socle quartzitique contribue uniquement en produisant une fraction clastique grossière à la base des ferricrètes. Le ciment des ferricrètes est goethitique à la base entre les clastes de quartzite tandis que le sommet est marqué par des granulométries très fines et des processus authigéniques dominants (nodules et pisolithes à cortex de goethite et hématite). De la base au sommet des ferricrètes, des grains d’ilménite arrondis accompagnés de grains de quartz de petite taille suggèrent un transport éolien « saupoudrant » ce matériel depuis des sources externes. Ces ferricrètes sont donc caractérisés par des allochtonies mécaniques et chimiques importantes, la source du Fe en solution comme des grains d’ilménite étant difficilement traçable avec certitude dans cette région. La comparaison avec des teneurs moyennes en éléments majeurs et traces de gossans, cuirasses latéritiques et minerai de Fe des tourbières (« bog ore ») montre que la géochimie en roche totale est utilisable pour discriminer les ferricrètes de KOB des gossans au premier ordre, mais qu’il convient d’implémenter les bases de données avec des analyses de gossans se développant au-dessus de gisements de type iron-oxides-copper-gold deposits comme ceux exploités en Inchiri (e.g. gisement de Guelb-Moghrein, près d’Akjoujt).
Is isoenergetic high‐intensity interval exercise superior to moderate‐intensity continuous exercise for cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus? A single‐blinded randomized controlled study
Authors: Findikoglu Gulin , Altinkapak Abdurrahim , Yaylali Guzin Fidan 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate‐intensity continuous training (MICT) with equal energy expenditure on glycaemic and cardiometabolic risk factors in people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) when compared to the control. Sixty‐three people with T2DM were randomly assigned to HIIT, MICT, or non‐exercising controls. Individuals were trained with HIIT at 90 and 30% of their VO2peak (1:2 min ratio) starting from 8 up to 16 intervals and MICT at 50% of VO2peak, on a cycle ergometer, 3 times/week for 12 weeks under supervision. The primary outcome measure was the change in HbA1c. Aerobic capacity, cardiovascular responses, anthropometric measures, body composition, glycaemic, and cardiometabolic risk factors were measured at the beginning and the end of the 12‐week training period. There was no significant difference between HIIT and MICT or when compared to the control for HbA1c, glucose, insulin resistance, blood lipids, cardiovascular responses, anthropometric measures, body composition, and abdominal and visceral fat (padj > 0.05). HIIT and MICT increased VO2peak significantly compared to controls (p < 0.05) but not to each other (p > 0.05). Both HIIT and MICT improved VO2peak and HbA1c after 12 weeks of training compared to their baseline, furthermore, only MICT caused additional improvements in cardiovascular responses, anthropometric measures, and abdominal fat compared to baseline (p < 0.05). As a conclusion, isoenergetic HIIT or MICT did not improve HbA1c. The two protocols were equally efficient for improvement in aerobic capacity but had little effect on other cardiometabolic factors.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03682445.
Horizon area bound and MOTS stability in locally rotationally symmetric solutions
Authors: Sherif Abbas M , Dunsby Peter K S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the stability of marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTSs), foliating horizons of the form

r
=
X
(
τ
)

, embedded in locally rotationally symmetric class II perfect fluid spacetimes. An upper bound on the area of stable MOTS is obtained. It is shown that any stable MOTS of the types considered in these spacetimes must be strictly stably outermost, that is, there are no MOTS ‘outside’ of and homologous to

. Aspects of the topology of the MOTS, as well as the case when an extension is made to imperfect fluids, are discussed. Some non-existence results are also obtained. Finally, the ‘growth’ of certain matter and curvature quantities on certain unstable MOTS are provided under specified conditions.