bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into acne and the skin barrier: Optimizing treatment regimens with ceramide‐containing skincare
Authors: Schachner Lawrence A. , Alexis Andrew F. , Andriessen Anneke , Berson Diane , Gold Michael , Goldberg David J. , Hu Shasa , Keri Jonette , Kircik Leon , Woolery‐Lloyd Heather 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionAcne is a common, complex, multifactorial inflammatory skin disease associated with epidermal barrier dysfunction. Beginning in childhood, acne affects many adolescents and adults. Acne is associated with lower self‐esteem, anxiety, and depression and may cause scars and pigmentary sequelae. The review explores the relationships between acne and the skin barrier function and discusses nuances in the prevention, treatment, and maintenance of acne and its impact on the skin barrier.MethodsThe advisors' previous publications addressed prescription and nonprescription pediatric acne treatment and skincare using cleansers, moisturizers, and a practical algorithm for treatment and maintenance, including skincare recommendations for pediatric acne patients and an algorithm for skin of color patients with acne.Before the meeting, literature was culled on the relationship between the skin barrier and acne and current best practices in acne, addressing prescription and nonprescription acne products and skincare as monotherapy, adjunctive, and maintenance treatment.ResultsAfter discussing 13 draft statements, the advisors applied the selected literature and drew from their clinical knowledge and experience, and agreed on five statements. The follicular epithelial barrier is directly involved with changes that occur during both comedogenesis and in stages of inflammation, especially with follicular rupture compromising the barrier's integrity. In acne‐affected skin, sebaceous glands are larger, sebum excretion and filaggrin expression higher, and stratum corneum lipids are reduced.Educating patients and clinicians about inflammation's central role in acne and measures to reduce inflammation is essential. Skin irritation and xerosis from acne and treatments lead to poor treatment adherence. A skincare regimen should be included in the acne prevention, treatment, and maintenance care regimen and should be ongoing. Maintenance treatment with topical agents and skincare using gentle ceramide‐containing cleansers and moisturizers is a recommended strategy after successfully controlling the disease.ConclusionsEpidermal barrier dysfunction contributes to acne exacerbation. Using the appropriate treatment and skincare helps to minimize irritation and inflammation, enhance treatment adherence, and improve patient outcomes.
Rosehip extract and wound healing: A review
Authors: Belkhelladi Malachy , Bougrine Amina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundEach year, over 100 million patients are afflicted with new scars from medical procedures worldwide. Natural compounds have shown promise in the treatment of scars and skin disorders. Rosehip oil (RO), produced from the pressed fruit of the rosehip (Rosa canina L.) plant, is used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. The use of this plant in the treatment of scars has yet to be reviewed.AimsThis review aims to analyze the current findings on the use of RO in the treatment of postsurgical scars.MethodsThis literature search considered published journal articles (clinical trials or literature reviews). Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (PubMed and MEDLINE) and reference lists of respective articles. Additional articles were identified through Google Scholar. Only articles available in English were included in this review.ResultsThere is a scarcity of high‐quality studies assessing the therapeutic potential of RO. From the two human clinical trials using RO, there is some evidence to suggest its potential as an active ingredient in topical formulations for the treatment of wounds. Topical treatments containing RO extract may reduce the size and erythema of postsurgical scars through the polarization of macrophages and the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines.ConclusionsSome evidence suggests that RO may improve postsurgical scars. At present, there is insufficient evidence to recommend the use of RO for the treatment of wounds. Further investigation is required to establish its therapeutic effects on human skin and its potential use as an ingredient in topical formulations.
Safety considerations for treating the parotid and submandibular glands with neuromodulators for facial slimming
Authors: Gelezhe Pavel , Frank Konstantin , Casabona Gabriela , Kaye Kai O. , Kassirer Samuel , Moelhoff Nicholas , Freytag David L. , Gotkin Robert H. , Alfertshofer Michael , Cotofana Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeuromodulators have predominantly been used for the treatment of upper facial lines, but their use has expanded to include lower face and neck treatments. However, the injection sites for these treatments are based on skin surface landmarks, which may pose risks to nearby structures and result in undesired outcomes.ObjectiveTo investigate the spatial relationship between the FDA‐approved skin surface landmarks for neuromodulator injections in the parotid and submandibular glands and the topographical anatomy of critical facial structures such as the facial artery, facial vein, external carotid artery, and retromandibular vein.Materials and methodsA cross‐sectional retrospective analysis was conducted on contrast‐enhanced cranial CT scans. The scans were analyzed for the morphology and location of the parotid and submandibular glands. Measurements were taken for gland volume, craniocaudal extent, anterior–posterior extent, and distances between the skin surface and gland capsule or nearby structures such as arteries.ResultsThe study sample consisted of 53 subjects, including 7 males and 46 females, with a mean age of 36.91 years and a mean BMI of 23.28 kg/m2. The mean volume of the parotid gland was 31.9 ± 3.0 cc in males and 28.5 ± 3.6 cc in females with p < 0.001, while the mean volume of the submandibular gland was 18.2 ± 2.0 cc in males and 14.5 ± 3.4 cc in females with p < 0.001. The mean distances between skin surface and the gland capsule were 5.98 ± 2.2 and 8.84 ± 4.0 mm for the parotid and submandibular gland, respectively. This distance increased with higher age and higher BMI values in a statistically significant manner with p < 0.001.ConclusionThe distances between FDA‐approved skin surface landmarks and the parotid and submandibular glands varied significantly depending on gender, age, and BMI. Optimal injection depth and location for neuromodulator treatments cannot be generalized based on these landmarks alone, emphasizing the need for real‐time ultrasound imaging guidance.
Cognitive bias during clinical decision‐making and its influence on patient outcomes in the emergency department: A scoping review
Authors: Jala Sheila , Fry Margaret , Elliott Rosalind 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn integral part of clinical practice is decision‐making. Yet there is widespread acceptance that there is evidence of cognitive bias within clinical practice among nurses and physicians. However, how cognitive bias among emergency nurses and physicians' decision‐making influences patient outcomes remains unclear.AimThe aim of this review was to systematically synthesise research exploring the emergency nurses' and physicians' cognitive bias in decision‐making and its influence on patient outcomes.MethodsThis scoping review was guided by the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews. The databases searched included CINAHL, MEDLINE, Web of Science and PubMed. No date limits were applied. The Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence for practice and Research recommendation (PAGER) framework was used to guide the discussion.ResultsThe review included 18 articles, consisting of 10 primary studies (nine quantitative and one qualitative) and eight literature reviews. Of the 18 articles, nine investigated physicians, five articles examined nurses, and four both physicians and nurses with sample sizes ranging from 13 to 3547. Six primary studies were cross‐sectional and five used hypothetical scenarios, and one real‐world assessment. Three were experimental studies. Twenty‐nine cognitive biases were identified with Implicit bias (n = 12) most frequently explored, followed by outcome bias (n = 4). Results were inconclusive regarding the influence of biases on treatment decisions and patient outcomes.Four key themes were identified; (i) cognitive biases among emergency clinicians; (ii) measurement of cognitive bias; (iii) influence of cognitive bias on clinical decision‐making; and (iv) association between emergency clinicians' cognitive bias and patient outcomes.ConclusionsThis review identified that cognitive biases were present among emergency nurses and physicians during clinical decision‐making, but it remains unclear how cognitive bias influences patient outcomes. Further research examining emergency clinicians' cognitive bias is required.Relevance to Clinical PracticeAwareness of emergency clinicians' own cognitive biases may result to the provision of equity in care.No Patient or Public Contribution in this reviewWe intend to disseminate the results through publication in a peer‐reviewed journals and conference presentations.
Pain management in the postoperative period of amputation surgeries: A scoping review
Authors: Leal Nahadja Tahaynara Barros , de Araújo Naryllenne Maciel , Silva Silmara de Oliveira , Cabral Maria Améllia Lopes , da Silva Bruna Vilar Soares , Pinheiro Thais Brunna Maurício , Dantas Rodrigo Assis Neves , Dantas Daniele Vieira 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPain in the postoperative period of amputation surgeries, when not managed correctly, can have consequences for the patient.Purposes and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to map the scientific evidence on pain management in patients in the postoperative period of amputation surgeries.DesignScoping review with elaboration based on the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute, supported by The PAGER framework and guided by the PRISMA‐ScR Checklist.MethodsThe survey was conducted in August 2022 in 10 data sources. The 3300 publications found were analysed by two independent reviewers, after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 studies were selected.ResultsPublications occurred between the years 1997 and 2022 and mainly dealt with the management of residual pain and phantom limb through pharmacological measures with pain assessment made by numerical scales.ConclusionsThe literature pointed out strategic uses of analgesics and highlighted technologies for neurostimulation through catheters. The need for new studies with non‐pharmacological measures and with designs that can prove their effectiveness is reinforced.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe knowledge of these strategies by health professionals allows adequate pain management and patient follow‐up for a less traumatic recovery.Patient or Public ContributionTo patient or public involvement in this scoping review.
The co‐design of an online support programme with and for informal carers of people with heart failure: A methodological paper
Authors: Allemann Hanna , Andréasson Frida , Hanson Elizabeth , Magnusson Lennart , Jaarsma Tiny , Thylén Ingela , Strömberg Anna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo describe the co‐designing process of an online support programme with and for informal carers of people with heart failure.DesignA co‐design process built on core concepts and ideas embedded in co‐design methodology.Data sourcesOur co‐design process included three phases involving 32 informal caregivers and 25 content creators; (1) Identification of topics and content through literature searches, focus group interviews and user group sessions; (2) Development of the online support programme and; (3) Refinement and finalization which included testing a paper prototype followed by testing the online version and testing and approval of the final version of the support programme.OutcomesThe co‐design process resulted in a support programme consisting of 15 different modules relevant to informal carers, delivered on a National Health Portal.ConclusionCo‐design is an explorative process where researchers need to balance a range of potentially conflicting factors and to ensure that the end users are genuinely included in the process.Relevance to clinical practiceEmphasizing equal involvement of end users (e.g. carers or patients) in the design and development of healthcare interventions aligns with contemporary ideas of person‐centred care and provides a valuable learning opportunity for those involved. Furthermore, a co‐designed online support programme has the capacity to be both accessible and meet end users' information and support needs, thereby optimizing their self‐care abilities. Additionally, an online support programme provides the opportunity to address current challenges regarding scarce resources and the lack of healthcare personnel.Reporting methodsConsolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ).Patient or public contributionBoth informal carers and content creators were involved in developing the support programme.
Organizational Goals, Outcomes, and the Assessment of Performance: Reconceptualizing Success in Management Studies
Authors: Aguilera Ruth V. , De Massis Alfredo , Fini Riccardo , Vismara Silvio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe revisit the study of organizational goals, outcomes, and assessment of performance that together define the process leading to ‘success’. We begin by conducting a systematic review of existing research which allows us to develop an integrative framework discussing this large body of work. We then describe contemporary research examples in light of our proposed framework. We close by proposing four new areas to continue to advance the field: reconceptualizing performance (and success) as achievement of goals; diversity of goal systems in research designs, and their relationship with the purpose of an organization; multilevel and temporal dynamics; and governance of goal setting. Overall, our efforts inform future research on organizational success in the context of our new societal challenges and accomplish the intriguing task of re‐defining success in management studies.
Understanding COVID‐19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among K‐12 Staff, Parents, and Students: District of Columbia, February to April, 2022
Authors: Mark‐Carew Miguella , van Zyl André , Tatti Kathleen M. , Chong Muhling , Rose Charles , Sifre Katlynn , Jarris Daniel , Still William , Aynalem Getahun , Welton Michael , Thomas Ebony S. , Hall LaShonda , Samson Marsha E. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVEDespite widespread availability of COVID‐19 vaccines, millions of Americans have not received the recommended vaccine doses. In the District of Columbia (DC), COVID‐19 vaccination rates are lowest among residents who are Non‐Hispanic (NH) Black and among school‐aged children. We assessed COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy among staff and parents of students in DC K‐12 public and public charter schools.METHODSWe conducted a telephone‐based survey from February 6 to April 16, 2022 to staff, students, and parents of students who participated in school‐based COVID‐19 screening testing. COVID‐19‐related survey items included: vaccination status, reasons for not getting vaccinated, perceived vaccine access, and trusted COVID‐19 information sources. Utilizing time‐to‐event analyses, we evaluated differences across demographic groups.RESULTSThe interview response rate was 25.8% (308/1193). Most unvaccinated participants were NH Black and ages 5 to 11 years. Median time from vaccine eligibility to uptake was 236 days for NH Black participants vs. 10 days for NH White participants. Vaccine safety was the top concern among unvaccinated participants. Government and healthcare providers were the most trusted COVID‐19 information sources.CONCLUSIONSDifferences in timing of vaccine uptake among respondents and greater vaccine hesitancy among NH Black participants compared to other racial/ethnic groups highlight a need for continued tailored outreach and communication using trusted sources to convey the importance, benefits, and safety of COVID‐19 vaccination.
Does the presence of defective beans in Arabica healthy coffee beans affect the sensory perception and acceptance of coffee beverages?
Authors: Carvalho Caroline de Melo , Moreira Eduardo da Silva , Zuim Lucas , Paula Matheus Custódio de , Lima Filho Tarcísio , Della Lucia Suzana Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to verify if the use of defective black, green, and sour (BGS) beans in preparation of Arabica coffee beverages influences their sensory acceptance, and to know the concentration at which the changes caused by these defects start to be perceived, the hedonic thresholds (HTs) and the detection threshold (DT), respectively, were studied. To sensory describe Arabica coffee beverages prepared from healthy beans added with BGS, Check‐All‐That‐Apply methodology was applied. The addition of BGS did not negatively influence the acceptance of the beverages (p > .05) and HT could not be estimated. DT showed that consumers can detect sensory changes in beverages added from 10.25% BGS, but it does not influence their acceptance. We observed a predominance of terms related to weak and unappreciative in beverages added with lower concentration of BGS and terms related to common and appreciable for beverages added with intermediate and relatively high BGS concentration.Practical ApplicationsIn Brazil, coffee is the most appreciated beverage by the majority of the population. However, its price increased in the domestic market, and the purchasing power of the population decreased, what makes it difficult to consume superior quality coffees, such as Arabica healthy beans. Brazilian laws neither prohibit the use of BGS beans, nor limit their use. In this study, although it was able to detect differences between beverages prepared with concentrations of BGS in healthy beans and to trace a sensory profile of them, we could not estimate the HTs for the concentration of BGS in healthy beans. There was no difference on the acceptance of the beverage with 100% healthy beans and those with BGS. Therefore, the consumption of coffee is related to habits and to individual sensory quality, which aids the industry to offer coffee that can be accepted and with reduced cost to Brazilian consumer.
Diagnosis and management of dogs with degenerative myelopathy: A survey of neurologists and rehabilitation professionals
Authors: Bouché Teryn V. , Coates Joan R. , Moore Sarah A. , Faissler Dominik , Rishniw Mark , Olby Natasha J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAntemortem diagnosis of degenerative myelopathy (DM) in dogs is presumptive and there are no accepted guidelines for the management of this condition.Hypothesis/ObjectivesDescribe current practices of neurology clinicians and physical rehabilitation professionals in the diagnosis and management of DM.AnimalsNone.MethodsOnline surveys examining diagnosis and management of DM were constructed and distributed via neurology and rehabilitation listservs.ResultsOne hundred ninety neurology and 79 rehabilitation professionals from 20 countries participated. Most neurology (142/189) and rehabilitation (23/39) respondents required genetic testing for the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mutation and 82/189 neurologists also required spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for presumptive DM diagnosis. Most neurology respondents recommended exercise (187/190) and physical rehabilitation (184/190). Over 50% (102/190) of neurology respondents perform rechecks on dogs diagnosed with DM. Rehabilitation respondents reported preservation or improvement of strength (78/79) and coordination (77/79) as therapeutic goals. At‐home exercises (75/79), underwater treadmill (64/79), gait training (55/79), and strength building exercises (65/79) were used to maintain strength (58/79), coordination (56/79), muscle mass (56/79), and improve overall wellbeing (54/79). Neurology respondents reported that owners elect euthanasia when dogs become nonambulatory paraparetic whereas rehabilitation respondents report euthanasia when paraplegia and incontinence develop.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceThe majority of dogs diagnosed with DM have not undergone advanced imaging, the combination of history, neurological findings, and genetic testing is heavily relied upon. Whereas the diagnosis of DM is frequently made by veterinary neurologists, continued care is often performed by rehabilitation professionals or primary veterinarians.
Cultured Penaeus vannamei in Korea co‐infected with white spot syndrome virus and decapod hepanhamaparvovirus
Authors: Lee Chorong , Jeon Hye Jin , Kim Bumkeun , Suh Sangsu , Piamsomboon Patharapol , Kim Ji Hyung , Han Jee Eun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, Pacific white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei), pond water, crab, Helice tridens, and live food samples were collected from farms in three provinces of Korea to investigate the presence of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and decapod hepanhamaparvovirus (DHPV). By polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DHPV was detected in all shrimp samples (83 of 83); among these, 41 samples were detected with WSSV. Amplicon sequencing and phylogenetic analyses indicated that all DHPV samples were classified as a novel genotype of DHPV. Additionally, the collected squid, polychaeta, and crab were also confirmed to be detected with novel genotypes of DHPV. By WSSV quantitative PCR, the average concentrations of viruses detected in shrimp and pond water samples were 2.58 × 107 copies/μL and 1.27 × 102 copies/μL, respectively. Simultaneous detection of WSSV and DHPV was observed in shrimp, pond water, and crab samples, and co‐infection with both viruses in shrimp could be demonstrated by histopathological analysis. Viral infection can result in significant economic losses in shrimp production. Therefore, precise monitoring and management of WSSV and DHPV prevalence in pond water, live food, and habitats are essential to preventing the spread of viral diseases in the Korean shrimp culture industry.
Behavioral diversity and biomechanical determinants of the outcome of a fish predator–prey interaction
Authors: Milton Q. G. A. , Bergmann P. J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPredator–prey interactions are ubiquitous and under strong selection because of the consequences experienced by both predator and prey if they lose the interaction. Biomechanics and behavior play important roles in the outcome of these interactions, but many studies focus on the prey, restrict the range of behaviors considered, and the role of prey boldness in the outcome is not understood. We used high‐speed video to test for effects of multiple measures of performance and kinematics of both the predator and prey, and boldness of prey on the outcome of interactions between Pike Cichlids (Crenicichla sp.) and Guppies (Poecilia reticulata). We found high variation in the behaviors employed during the predator–prey interactions, including in suction versus raptorial feeding, strike accuracy, and guppy responsiveness. We also found that predators moving relatively slower and prey moving relatively faster were more successful at consuming the prey and evading the predator, respectively. Prey that reacted farther from the predator was more likely to escape predation, but boldness of the prey did not affect the interaction. Our work suggests that a high level of variation in predator–prey interactions is widespread, even when strike and escape behaviors are stereotyped. We also showed that what both the predator and the prey do during an interaction are important in determining the outcome.