bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients with unilateral ankle arthritis have decreased discrete and time‐series limb symmetry compared to healthy controls
Authors: Stark Nicole E.‐P. , Streamer Jill , Queen Robin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatients with ankle arthritis (AA) have side‐to‐side limb differences at the ankle and in spatiotemporal measures; however, the degree of symmetry between limbs has not been compared to a healthy population. The purpose of this study was to determine differences in limb symmetry during walking for discrete and time‐series measures when comparing patients with unilateral AA to healthy participants. Thirty‐seven AA and 37 healthy participants were age, gender, and body mass index matched. Three‐dimensional gait mechanics and ground reaction force (GRF) were captured during four to seven walking trails. GRF and hip and ankle mechanics were extracted bilaterally for each trial. The Normalized Symmetry Index and Statistical Parameter Mapping were used to assess discrete and time‐series symmetry, respectively. Discrete symmetry was analyzed using linear mixed‐effect models to determine significant differences between groups (α = 0.05). Compared to healthy participants, patients with AA had decreased weight acceptance (p = 0.017) and propulsive (p < 0.001) GRF, ankle plantarflexion (p = 0.021), ankle dorsiflexion (p = 0.010), and ankle plantarflexion moment (p < 0.001) symmetry. Significant regions of difference were found between limbs and groups throughout the stance phase for the vertical GRF force (p < 0.001), the ankle angle during push‐off (p = 0.047), the plantarflexion moment (p < 0.001), and the hip extension angle (p = 0.034) and moment (p = 0.010). Patients with AA have decreased symmetry in the vertical GRF and at the ankle and hip during the weight acceptance and propulsive portions of the stance phase. Therefore, clinicians should try a non improving symmetry focusing on changing hip and ankle mechanics during the weight acceptance and propulsive phases of gait.
Vascular frailty, a proposal for new frailty type: A narrative review
Authors: Chao Chia‐Ter , Hung Kuan‐Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFrailty is the incremental accumulation of minute defects that progressively impair health and performance. Frailty is commonly observed in older adults; however, secondary frailty may also occur in patients with metabolic disorders or major organ failure. In addition to physical frailty, several distinct types of frailty have been identified, including oral, cognitive, and social frailty, each of which is of practical importance. This nomenclature suggests that detailed descriptions of frailty can potentially advance relevant researches. In this narrative review, we first summarize the clinical value and plausible biological origin of frailty, as well as how to appropriately assess it using physical frailty phenotypes and frailty indexes. In the second part, we discuss the issue of vascular tissue as a relatively underappreciated organ whose pathologies contribute to the development of physical frailty. Moreover, when vascular tissue undergoes degeneration, it exhibits vulnerability to subtle injuries and manifests a unique phenotype amenable to clinical assessment prior to or accompanying physical frailty development. Finally, we propose that vascular frailty, based on an extensive set of experimental and clinical evidence, can be considered a new frailty type that requires our attention. We also outline potential methods for the operationalization of vascular frailty. Further studies are required to validate our claim and sharpen the spectrum of this degenerative phenotype.
Inhibition of the Fibrillation of Amyloid Aβ1‐40 by Hybrid‐Lipid‐Polymer Vesicles
Authors: Sen Newton , Haupt Caroline , Hause Gerd , Bacia Kirsten , Binder Wolfgang H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe transformation of functional proteins into amyloidic plaques is responsible for the impairment of neurological functions in patients fallen victim to debilitating neurological conditions like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. The nucleating role of amyloid beta (Aβ1‐40) peptide into amyloids is well established. Herein, lipid hybrid‐vesicles are generated with glycerol/cholesterol‐bearing polymers aiming to alter the nucleation process and modulate the early phases of Aβ1‐40 fibrillation. Hybrid‐vesicles (±100 nm) are prepared by incorporating variable amounts of cholesterol‐/glycerol‐conjugated poly(di(ethylene glycol)macrylates)n polymers into 1,2‐dioleoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DOPC) membranes. The in vitro fibrillation kinetics coupled to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is employed to investigate the role of hybrid‐vesicles on Aβ1‐40 fibrillation without destroying the vesicular membrane. Both polymers, when embedded in hybrid‐vesicles (up to 20%) significantly prolonged the fibrillation lag phase (tlag) compared to a small acceleration in the presence of DOPC vesicles, irrespective of the amount of polymers inside the hybrid‐vesicles. Along with this notable retardation effect, a morphological transformation of the amyloid's secondary structures to amorphous aggregates or the absence of fibrillar structures when interacting with the hybrid‐vesicles is confirmed by TEM and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy.
Bioinformatic survey of CRISPR loci across 15 Serratia species
Authors: Scrascia Maria , Roberto Roberta , D'Addabbo Pietro , Ahmed Yosra , Porcelli Francesco , Oliva Marta , Calia Carla , Marzella Angelo , Pazzani Carlo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR‐associated proteins (CRISPR–Cas) system of prokaryotes is an adaptative immune defense mechanism to protect themselves from invading genetic elements (e.g., phages and plasmids). Studies that describe the genetic organization of these prokaryotic systems have mainly reported on the Enterobacteriaceae family (now reorganized within the order of Enterobacterales). For some genera, data on CRISPR–Cas systems remain poor, as in the case of Serratia (now part of the Yersiniaceae family) where data are limited to a few genomes of the species marcescens. This study describes the detection, in silico, of CRISPR loci in 146 Serratia complete genomes and 336 high‐quality assemblies available for the species ficaria, fonticola, grimesii, inhibens, liquefaciens, marcescens, nematodiphila, odorifera, oryzae, plymuthica, proteomaculans, quinivorans, rubidaea, symbiotica, and ureilytica. Apart from subtypes I‐E and I‐F1 which had previously been identified in marcescens, we report that of I‐C and the I‐E unique locus 1, I‐E*, and I‐F1 unique locus 1. Analysis of the genomic contexts for CRISPR loci revealed mdtN‐phnP as the region mostly shared (grimesii, inhibens, marcescens, nematodiphila, plymuthica, rubidaea, and Serratia sp.). Three new contexts detected in genomes of rubidaea and fonticola (puu genes‐mnmA) and rubidaea (osmE‐soxG and ampC‐yebZ) were also found. The plasmid and/or phage origin of spacers was also established.
The Q‐switching performance of BP/SnSe2 heterojunction saturable absorber in Er‐doped fiber laser
Authors: Lie Shi , Xu Baohao , Sun Wanggen , Qin Peng , Chen Kang , Wang Jing , Tang Wenjing , Xia Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we report the first Q‐switching operation utilizing black phosphorus (BP)/SnSe2 heterojunction as the saturable absorber (SA) in an Er‐doped fiber laser. The BP/SnSe2 heterojunction was prepared by the liquid phase combination method and its properties were observed. Stable Q‐switching operations were achieved based on the BP/SnSe2 SA. The maximum peak power of 71.27 mW and the minimum pulse width of 910 ns were produced, respectively. This paper demonstrates the pulse modulation characteristics of BP/SnSe2 heterojunction SA in the midinfrared region for the first time, laying an important foundation for the application of heterojunction based on BP and two‐dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides.
Measurement invariance across age, gender, ethnicity, and psychopathology of the Psychotic‐Like Experiences Questionnaire for Children in a community sample
Authors: Piltz Lauren M. , Carpendale Emma J. , Laurens Kristin R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe current study aimed to assess the measurement invariance of the 9‐item self‐report Psychotic‐Like Experiences Questionnaire for Children (PLEQ‐C) across various demographic (age, gender, ethnicity) and psychopathology profiles in a community sample of children.MethodsChildren aged 9–11 years (n = 613; M age = 10.4 years [SD = 0.8]; 50.9% female) completed questionnaire screening at school, with primary caregivers returning questionnaires by mail from home. Configural, metric, scalar, and residual invariance of the PLEQ‐C scores were investigated across groups differentiated by age (9; 10; 11 years), gender (female; male), ethnicity (white; black; other), and by child‐reported and caregiver‐reported psychopathology (abnormal rating; not abnormal).ResultsThe PLEQ‐C scores demonstrated good unidimensional model fit. Full configural, metric, scalar, and residual invariance were demonstrated across gender, ethnicity, and psychopathology (both child‐ and caregiver‐reported). Across age groups, the PLEQ‐C scores showed full configural and metric invariance, but only partial scalar and residual invariance (with a single item measuring differently among 11‐year‐olds).ConclusionsIn this community sample, the PLEQ‐C was robust to age, gender, ethnicity, and psychopathology profiles, providing evidence of its capacity to identify children in the general population who might benefit from further assessment to determine the clinical significance of their psychotic experiences.
Hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome/hypermobility spectrum disorders in older women: A feasibility study
Authors: Anderson Linda K. , Lane Kari R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionHypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome and hypermobility spectrum disorders cause joint instability, chronic pain, fatigue and progressive multisystemic dysfunction, increasing symptom burden and decreasing quality of life. Researchers know little about how these disorders progress in women as they age.ObjectiveThis research aimed to determine the feasibility of an internet‐based study to understand the clinical characteristics, symptom burden and health‐related quality of life in older women with symptomatic hypermobility disorders.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, internet‐based survey studied recruitment methods, suitability and usability of survey instruments and obtained baseline data on women aged 50 and older with hEDS/HSD. Researchers recruited participants from a Facebook group for older adults with Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome. Outcome measures included health history, the Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire and the RAND Short Form 36 health survey.ResultsResearchers recruited 32 participants from a single Facebook group within 2 weeks. Nearly all participants were satisfied with the survey length, clarity and navigation, with 10 participants providing free‐text recommendations for survey improvement. The survey suggests a high symptom burden and poor quality of life in older women with hEDS/HSD.ConclusionThe results support the feasibility and importance of a future internet‐based comprehensive study about hEDS/HSD in older women.
Quality Versus Quantity: Using Scholarly Activity to Assess Otolaryngology Residency Candidates
Authors: Carlson Kristy J. , Dowdall Jayme R. , Geelan‐Hansen Katie R. , Jones Dwight T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSelecting qualified candidates each year for residency positions has become more difficult in recent years, due to the sharp increase in Otolaryngology applicants. Although there are objective measures that can be used to directly compare medical students during the initial screening process, most information in the application is highly subjective and/or variable across institutions. Many programs count the total posters/presentations and publications to gauge scholarship. This measure of quantity may lead to negative bias toward those who have no home program, limited time outside of academics, and/or inadequate resources to engage in volunteer research. Evaluating the quality of research may be superior to quantity. A first‐author publication is a viable proxy that demonstrates applicants have developed skills that set them apart from their peers. They likely possess non‐clinical, translatable skills including internal motivation, self‐regulation, curation of information, and task completion that map closely with qualities that make for excellent residents.
Institutional amnesia pushes fish spawning aggregations towards extirpation
Authors: Fulton Stuart 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

How institutions create and manage knowledge has been explored in the context of management and business science. However, little effort has been made to understand how, and why, these institutions forget what works or does not work, and no research in this field has been conducted in conservation or fisheries science.

This paper examines the concept of institutional amnesia by focussing a lens on fish spawning aggregations and efforts to monitor and protect them in the Mesoamerican Reef.

For over 20 years, underwater visual census survey data has been collected periodically at 36 spawning aggregation sites, and grey literature is available since the 1940's, yet managers and conservation practitioners report that abundance tendencies for 48% of grouper and snapper spawning species across the 36 sites are ‘Unknown’, despite measurable >99% declines in fish abundance in some cases.

This text examines the reasons why site managers are uncertain in their reporting. The central argument is that institutional amnesia (resulting from factors such as staff turnover, ineffective institutional learning, poor record keeping and a lack of storytelling) is contributing to suboptimal ecological outcomes for spawning aggregations, which are likely to continue unless measures are taken to ensure the continuity of institutional knowledge.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Activity of the botanical compound thymol against kiwifruit rot caused by Fusarium tricinctum and the underlying mechanisms
Authors: Wang Weizhen , He Linan , Zhang Zhuzhu , Li Wenzhi , Chen Jia , Chen Tingting , Long Youhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDKiwifruit rot is an important disease caused by different fungal pathogens, which can lead to huge economic loss in the kiwifruit industry. The aims of this study were to discover an effective botanical compound that significantly inhibits the pathogens causing kiwifruit rot, evaluate its control efficacy against this disease, and reveal the underlying mechanisms.RESULTSA strain of Fusarium tricinctum (GF‐1), isolated from diseased kiwifruit, could cause fruit rot in both Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis and Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa. Different botanical chemicals were used for antifungal activity test against GF‐1 and thymol was the most effective one with a 50% effective concentration (EC50) of 30.98 mg L−1. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of thymol against GF‐1 was 90 mg L−1. Control efficacy of thymol against kiwifruit rot was evaluated and the results indicated that thymol could effectively decrease the occurrence and spread of kiwifruit rot. The mechanisms underlying the antifungal activity of thymol against F. tricinctum were investigated, and it showed that thymol could significantly damage the ultrastructure, destroy the plasma membrane integrity, and instantaneously increase energy metabolisms of F. tricinctum. Further investigations indicated that thymol could extend shelf life of kiwifruit by increasing their storability.CONCLUSIONThymol can effectively inhibit F. tricinctum that is one of the causal agents of kiwifruit rot. Multiple modes of action are involved in the antifungal activity. The results of this study indicate that thymol can be a promising botanical fungicide to control kiwifruit rot and provide useful references for thymol application in agriculture system. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Novel cinnamic acid derivatives as a versatile tool for developing agrochemicals for controlling plant virus and bacterial diseases by enhancing plant defense responses
Authors: Yang Bin‐Xin , Li Zhen‐Xing , Liu Shuai‐Shuai , Yang Jie , Wang Pei‐Yi , Liu Hong‐Wu , Zhou Xiang , Liu Li‐Wei , Wu Zhi‐Bing , Yang Song 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPlant pathogens have led to large yield and quality losses in crops worldwide. The discovery and study of novel agrochemical alternatives based on the chemical modification of bioactive natural products is a highly efficient approach. Here, two series of novel cinnamic acid derivatives incorporating diverse building blocks with alternative linking patterns were designed and synthesized to identify their antiviral capacity and antibacterial activity.RESULTSThe bioassay results demonstrated that most cinnamic acid derivatives had excellent antiviral competence toward tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in vivo, especially compound A5 (median effective concentration [EC50] = 287.7 μg mL−1), which had a notable protective effect against TMV when compared with the commercial virucide ribavirin (EC50 = 622.0 μg mL−1). In addition, compound A17 had a protective efficiency of 84.3% at 200 μg mL−1 against Xac in plants. Given these outstanding results, the engineered title compounds could be regarded as promising leads for controlling plant virus and bacterial diseases. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that compound A5 could enhance the host's defense responses by increasing the activity of defense enzymes and upregulating defense genes, thereby suppressing phytopathogen invasion.CONCLUSIONThis research lays a foundation for the practical application of cinnamic acid derivatives containing diverse building blocks with alternative linking patterns in pesticide exploration. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Antifungal activity of chili pepper extract with potential for the control of some major pathogens in grapevine
Authors: Vuerich Marco , Petrussa Elisa , Filippi Antonio , Cluzet Stéphanie , Fonayet Josep Valls , Sepulcri Angela , Piani Barbara , Ermacora Paolo , Braidot Enrico 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn recent years, biofungicides have drawn increasing interest in vineyards for a more sustainable integrated and copper‐limited pest management. Among alternatives, botanicals could represent valuable tools, being rich sources of biologically active compounds. Conversely to the well‐known antioxidant and biological properties in relation to health benefits, investigation on bioactivity of hot pungent Capsicum sp. products against fungal phytopathogens in vineyards is still scarce. Therefore, the present study aimed at exploring the biologically active compounds profile of a chili pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) pod extract and its antimicrobial properties against some of the major fungal and Oomycetes pathogens of grapevine, including Botrytis cinerea Pers., Guignardia bidwellii (Ellis) Viala & Ravaz and Plasmopara viticola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Berl. & De Toni.RESULTSThe ethyl acetate‐extracted oleoresin from the most pungent varieties was rich in capsaicinoids and polyphenols (371.09 and 268.5 μg mg−1 dry weight, respectively). Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids and quercetin derivatives were the most abundant, while carotenoids represented only a minor fraction. The oleoresin was efficient to inhibit all three pathogenic fungi and ED50 values were determined, evidencing that G. bidwellii was the more sensitive (0.233 ± 0.034 mg mL−1).CONCLUSIONThe results suggested a potentiality of chili pepper extract for the control of some important grapevine pathogens, their possible application being helpful for the recommended limitation in extensive use of copper in vineyard. The complex mixture of high amounts of capsaicinoids, associated to specific phenolic acids and other minor bioactive components might contribute to the observed antimicrobial action of chili pepper extract. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Nanocrystalline HZSM‐5prepared by supercritical hydrothermal synthesis and its catalytic esterification performances
Authors: Zhang Br. Yundi , Cui Mingyu , Zhang Yidong , Xu Wei , Wang Min , Shao Rong , Ding Jianfei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe nanocrystalline HZSM‐5 was synthesized by supercritical hydrothermal synthesis for the first time and investigated in catalytic esterification of pyromellitic dianhydride(PMD)and n‐butanol to tetrabutyl pyromellitate(TBPM). The HZSM‐5 prepared by conventional hydrothermal synthesis was also examined for comparison. The catalysts were studied using XRD, N2 adsorption, NH3‐TPD, Pyridine‐adsorption FT‐IR, SEM,[27] Al MAS NMRandCHNS analysis. According to the results of characterization, the supercritical hydrothermal condition was helpful to reduce the size of crystal particles and improve the crystallinity of HZSM‐5, and shorten the crystallization time. The surface area, especially external surface area, and pore volume were increased, and the total acidity was increased. The strong acid sites were transformed into the weak acid sites, and the strength of weak and strong acid was weakened. The amount of framework tetrahedral Al species and Brönsted acid sites were increased. Therefore, the formation of coke was retarded, and thePMD conversion, the TBPM selectivity and the catalytic stability were obviously improved.
Synthesis and Reactions of Heptacyclo[6.6.0.02,6.03,13.04,11.05,9.010,14] tetradecane‐ HCTD Cage Compounds
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Khedkar Priti 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeptacyclo[6.6.0.02,6.03,13.04,11.05,9.010,14] tetradecane, HCTD is a distinct class of carbocyclic cage molecule which features the uniquely fused eight five‐membered rings. The HCTD molecular frame is synthesized through the transition metal‐catalyzed dimerization of two norbornadiene units. Post‐assembly modifications of HCTD molecular frames have delivered diversely functionalized HCTD derivatives suitable for further modification.
Development of a Liposomal Gel for Prolonged Ophthalmic Soluble Drug Delivery
Authors: Nakhaie Nejad Masoud , Ghasemian Mona , Nabi Maybodi Mohsen , Ramezani Vahid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLiposome, as a drug delivery vehicle, entraps drugs, releases them sustainably, and modifies release patterns. This entrapment has diminished exposure of the drug to the eye medium, which could minimize adverse effects. In this investigation, 18 formulations in 3 key categories (liposome, gel and lipogel) of cromolyn sodium (CS) were prepared and evaluated as a water‐soluble drug. Then, liposome formulations (L1‐L6) were developed using the thin‐film hydration method. The macroscopic and microscopic assessments comprised drug entrapment efficiency, release rate, release mechanism, liposome stability, and vesicle size were evaluated to evaluate liposomes and lipogel. The results revealed that applying cholesterol in formulations ranging from 33 % to 44 % w/w increased the liposome drug entrapment efficiency, stability, and release time. The optimum phosphatidylcholine (PC) ratio to cholesterol in the L4 formulation was 2 : 1, which prolonged drug release time by up to 5 hours. The carbomer® 934 containing lipogel (0.5 % w/v) showed the longest release time (9 hours) with a zero‐order release. CS release from HPMC (2 % w/v) lipogel was assumed to follow first‐order release kinetics. The prolongation of drug release time in a carboxymethylcellulose lipogels was shorter than carbomer® 934 (5 hours). Finally, a sustained release formulation of CS liposome was produced; it was developed as lipogels to enhance its release duration; finally, release kinetic were modified.