bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE SOCIAL LIFE OF THE MONGOLS
Authors: RAJA'A AZIZ SHALLAL, ABDULSATTAR MUTLAQ DARWEESH  
Published: June 2023

Objectives: The study aims to shed light on the social life of the Mongols, and to show through it the components of the Mongolian society of the ruling class, the public class, the merchants class, craftsmen, and the slave class, and the laws that linked these components to the customs and traditions that they practiced by conveying an image of their character, morals, and their food and drink habits, their homes, their clothes, the traditions, holidays and occasions they adhered to despite the lack of sources that talk about the social aspect in general, most of the writings of contemporary historians were related to the military and political aspects and neglected the other aspects, and the researchers also dealt with the status of women in Mongol society, which had an influential role And big on events.
Methodology: In this study, it is relied on all historical sources, Arabic, Persian, and English, and focused on the descriptive and analytical side of the historical narratives in order to make a comparison between them and show the contradiction and similarities in them. The study focused on four axes as comprehensive of the social life of the Mongols. The third axis showed customs, traditions and holidays, and the fourth axis clarified women in the Mongolian society.
Conclusions: The nature of the social life that the Mongols lived had a great influence on the brutality and cruelty with which they were described. The life of misery, travel and conquest in search of sources of livelihood is sufficient reason to make them always thirsty for blood in order to reach their goal, which is to secure a comfortable life for them, and therefore the social environment was the most influential reason for building the characteristics and personality of the Mongolian individual.
THE IMPACT OF A COMPANY'S FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FREE CASH FLOW AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE
Authors: ZAHRAA ABDUL KARIM MUHAMMAD, YASSER SAHIB AL-ZUBAIDI  
Published: June 2023

This study aims to examine the impact of the financial performance of the business unit in the relationship between free cash flow and capital structure, and the regression equation was relied upon for testing, analysis and measuring the impact through the statistical program (SPSS), based on the annual financial reports data for a sample of industrial business units listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, which numbered (8) business units over a period of (10) years from (2011-2020). ), the results show that although free cash flow does not directly affect capital structure, financial performance has been shown to affect the relationship between free cash flow and capital structure.
THE COMMUNIST MOVEMENT IN KOREA DURING 1910-1948
Authors: MUNTAHA SABRI MAULA, HANAN HASHIM ABD AL-AALI  
Published: June 2023

In Korean language, the word ‘Korea’ is a term that literally means ‘half an island’ which is, in fact, a peninsula surrounded by water on three sides. The Korean Peninsula extends around 620 miles from north to south and lies 142 miles from the Japanese island of Kyushu across the Korea Strait and the western coast of the Korean Peninsula is bordered by the Yellow Sea. The Korean peninsula was home to clans, tribes, kings and different dynasties throughout its long history and every civilization left its mark there. The distinguished location of Peninsula had attracted the major powers of that time like Russia and Japan.
In fact, Japan had occupied the Peninsula which forced its people to migrate to Russia which had became their main supporter in getting rid of Japanese control by spreading Soviet communism inside and outside Korea.
In this research, we will make every effort to shed light on how the Korean view of ‘communism’ which was the main ideology that helped them to get rid of the Japanese occupation and establish their independent state. The present research aims to elaborate the fact that to which extent of the impact of communism on the Korean people and the countries of East Asia was. Also, the study will bring out the dissemination of ‘communist thought’ which had aimed to curb the Western capitalist thought. Moreover, the present study will explain about the negative impact left by ‘communism’ on the Korean people because of the dictatorial leadership adopted by North Korea on the pattern of Soviet communism.
THE SYRIAN POSITION ON EGYPT'S RETURN TO THE ARAB LEAGUE 1982-1989
Authors: MURTADHA KHALAF HUSSEIN, IBRAHEEM FINJAN SADDAM AL AMARA  
Published: June 2023

This research was devoted to study of Syria's position on the return of Egypt to the League of Arab States, as this position went through two stages, the first one strongly opposed to the return of Egypt for the period from 1982-1988, during which Syria succeeded in thwarting all attempts by Egypt to regain its seat in the Arab League, while Syria was exposed in the second stage in 1989, to a great pressures affected her policy in the Arab League, which prompted her to adapt to international and regional changes and abandon her position opposing Egypt's return to the Arab League.
THE ACCOUNTABILITY OF REGIONAL REVENUE AND EXPENDITURES BUDGET IN REGIONAL PEOPLE'S REPRESENTATIVE COUNCIL PINRANG
Authors: Badruzzaman  
Published: June 2023

Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) is one of the administrators of the regional administration, holding the same position as the Regional Head. Due to its legislative, budgetary, and supervisory responsibilities, DPRD plays a crucial role in overseeing the implementation of regional government, in this instance pertaining to regional legal products. The purpose of the DPRD's oversight of the implementation of regional regulations is to better protect the people's interests in all government policies, including those of the regional government. DPRD oversight is political oversight of policies, oversight of regional autonomy implementation in the context of creating good governance, and oversight of DPRD over regional legal products, namely regional regulations in the era of autonomy.[1]

[1] Nurdiyana , " supervision of the implementation of regional regulations is connected with Law NO.9 of 2015 concerning the second amendment to Law NO.23 of 2014 concerning regional government in creating good governance ( Jurnal Surya Kencana Dua: Dynamics of Legal Issues ) and Justice Vol.4 No.1 July 2017), p.1
THE ROLE OF THE REGULATORY AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK IN PROMOTING EQUITY-BASED CROWDFUNDING IN IRAQ
Authors: MAHA MEZHER MOHSIN AL-RUBAYE, ABDULAZIZ SHWAISH ABDUL HAMEED  
Published: June 2023

The aim of research is to explain the role of the regulatory and legal framework in promoting ownership-based crowdfunding in Iraq and to develop a general framework that includes principles and basic steps to support policy makers, especially in a country like Iraq, in formulating and implementing regulatory and legal frameworks for the work of ownership-based crowdfunding platforms, taking into consideration Lessons learned from international experiences. The problematic of the research is represented in the following question: Is establishing a legal framework for crowdfunding, especially based on property rights, an urgent necessity, to start crowdfunding activity in Iraq in an organized and deliberate manner to take advantage of the advantages of this type of financing and overcome its negative effects? The research problem was addressed by relying on the analytical approach to find out the regulatory and legal framework and its role in promoting ownership-based crowdfunding in Iraq.
FINANCIAL CONTROL OF THE CENTRAL AUTHORITY OVER THE REVENUES OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONS IN IRAQ
Authors: ASAD MOWAFAK JALAB, BAAN SALAH ABUL QADER  
Published: June 2023

In this research, we dealt with a basic issue, which is the independence of the local administration, as the recognition of its legal personality is not enough for its independence, but it must be recognized for financial independence, and through that independence it has the authority to obtain the necessary financial resources to carry out the burdens and tasks entrusted to it, but granting these bodies administrative and financial independence does not naturally mean their complete independence from the central authority, as one of the pillars of the success of decentralization is the submission of these bodies to government control. Centralization to preserve the unity of the State, provided that such control is not a restriction on the freedom of local authorities to carry out their work as long as such activities are exercised in accordance with the law, for the purpose of achieving a balance between the central authority and the governorates and preventing encroachment on the powers of either of them.
INTRODUCING SURAT AL MAEDA
Authors: ESRA SALEH SALMAN AL-RAWI, ABDULLAH HASSAN HAMID AL-HADITHI  
Published: June 2023

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the best of the messengers of our Prophet Muhammad and on his family and companions.
The Holy Quran has included many great surahs and each surah of its topics and features, and purposes are characterized by it, and every person must be aware of them, Muslim or non-Muslim, so that the non-Muslim has a general culture in which he learns about the different religions and cultures of all peoples, in order to be able to coexist with other individuals of different religions and nationalities, but if a person is a Muslim, then seeing such topics is one of the duties and necessities that he ordered. The true Islamic religion is for every Muslim.
I have explained in my research this definition of an important surah of the Holy Qur'an, which is Surat Al-Ma'idah, and included my research title tagged with (definition of Surat Al-Ma'idah) and divided into three sections, I was given to the first section of the definition of Surat Al-Ma'idah and its arrangement and the recipe of its descent, in which I explained the order of this blessed Sura in the Holy Qur'an, and the recipe of its descent and then came the second section entitled the names of Surat Al-Ma'idah has shown the most important names of this noble Sura in the narrations of our Holy Prophet And his companions and his family, may God be pleased with them all, and the names mentioned on the age of the scholars of the Islamic nation honorable, then came the third section entitled the topics of Surat Al-Ma'idah and its purposes, in which I explained the most important topics and purposes brought by Surat Al-Ma'idah, then came the conclusion in which I showed the most important results reached in this research.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and peace and blessings be upon the Master of the Messengers, our Prophet Muhammad, and upon all his God and companions.
EMPOWERING WOMEN IN JORDANIAN LEGISLATIONS: A STUDY IN LIGHT OF THE CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN (CEDAW) AND THE AMENDMENTS TO THE JORDANIAN CONSTITUTION IN 2022
Authors: HAZEM SULEIMAN TOUBAT, NISREIN FATEHI UDWAN  
Published: June 2023

Jordan has ratified the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) with reservations about some of its provisions for reasons related to the state's religious and national identity. Therefore, Jordanian legislations varied in terms of their compatibility with this Convention. On the other hand, a new text was added to the Jordanian Constitution under the 2022 amendments aimed at empowering women and protecting them from all forms of violence and discrimination. This added text raised the question of whether it paves the way for the lifting of reservations to CEDAW. In light of this added constitutional text, this study seeks to address and analyze Jordanian legislation to determine their role in empowering women, and to indicate their compatibility or incompatibility with CEDAW. This study concluded that Jordanian legislations include many provisions aimed at empowering women politically, economically and socially in a manner consistent with CEDAW, while preserving the regulation of the issue of nationality, personal status and family affairs in accordance with the interests of the state and its religious affiliation, and in contravention with CEDAW. The study recommended the necessity of stipulating in the constitution to grant Jordanian nationality to the children of Jordanian women married to non-Jordanians as a woman’s right, and then lifting the reservation regarding this matter in CEDAW.
INVOLVEMENT OF STAKEHOLDERS IN DE-RADICALIZATION OF TERRORISM IN POSO DISTRICT: PENTAHELIX MODEL
Authors: PAUL ADRYANI MOENTO, ALEXANDER PHUK TJILEN, BEATUS TAMBAIP  
Published: June 2023

The Purpose of this Study is to Analyze the Involvement of Stakeholders in De-Radicalization of Terrorism in Poso District using the Pentahelix Model. This Study Adopts a Qualitative Descriptive Method. Data was Collected through Interviews with Key Stakeholders, including the Head of the Social Services Office, the Chairman of the FKUB, the Secretary of the Kesbangpol, the Head of the Police Resorts Binmas, the Pasi Intel Kodim 1307 Poso, Representatives from NGOs, Community Leaders, and Individuals Involved in the De-Radicalization Process. Additional Data was Obtained through Literature Reviews and Internal Discussions at Musamus University.
The Results Indicate that the Implementation of the Pentahelix Model Improved the Prevention of Terrorism in Poso District. The Government Prioritized Social Welfare through the Social Services Officet. Empowerment of Former Terrorism Convicts was Achieved through Psychosocial Training Provided by the Wasta Foundation and The Habibie Centre. The Indonesian Peace Alliance Community Offered Entrepreneurship Training to Former Convicts. The Academic Sector Supported the Government through Research that Can Help Prevent Terrorism among Youth and Students. The Media Provided Information about Peace through Educational Films."
BROKER'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR VIOLATING HIS OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE INSURANCE CONTRACT
Authors: MOHAMMAD ALI MOHAMMAD BANI-MEQDAD  
Published: June 2023

This research aims at investigating the legal frameworks for the work of the insurance broker in terms of the contracts he prepares and concludes, and clarification of the importance of his role in concluding the contract for the benefit of the insured, whether he is a broker or an agent, by stating his obligations and duties and the laws governing his work as a mediator in organizing the insurance contract. It includes the mediator in the insurance contract and what is required from him towards the parties to the contract and the consequences of his breach of his duties towards the parties to the contract.
The study used the analytical approach through analyzing the elements of the study, and the descriptive approach to describe the problem of the study through a precise and organized scientific methodology in order to reach interpretations and results expressed in the body of the study. The study reached the following results: the broker always either represents the insurer and seeks to achieve his interest, or he represents the insured by searching for a company suitable for him in order to achieve his interest. The insurance broker is an agent for the insured client, and he is looking for a company that will accept coverage of his risks in return for a lower premium amount and broader guarantees. The duty of the mediator is to exert care, not to achieve an end, and the required care is the care of the usual man.
SOCIAL NETWORKING AND FUTURE WORK: PROFESSIONS, JOBS IN OMAN
Authors: AWASHREH RAED 
Published: June 2023

Social networks roles have been widened from being a communication and marketing tools for providing job opportunities to creating works and professions that lead to generating new works.Social network contributes to providing future jobs and professions through it, not to mention being one of the most important means of marketing at the present time, as it has gone beyond its promotional-marketing role to become a frame for generating future professions.
By relying on secondary data of previous research, reports, and articles supported by some facilitated interviews, the research paper answers the main question, which is: To what extent do social networks contribute to generating jobs and professions?It concludes that a lot of businesses, professions, and jobs inside and outside institutions have been formed based on the multiplicity, roundness, and diversity of the emergence of the needs of individuals, and therefore there are potential opportunities that need to be explored in order to harmonize the process of self- and university education with the needs of societies and markets.
THE CRIMINAL OFFENSE OF TRAFFICKING IN HUMAN BEINGS IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA AND THE REPUBLIC OF KOSOVO: A COMPARATIV SENSE
Authors: MAJA BADŽAK FEJZI BEQIRI, 
Published: June 2023

Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Kosovo, as two countries that lived through the events of war and suffered a large number of different victims and material losses during the war period, took almost identical paths in the direction of nation building.
Although these two countries have made significant progress in some segments, due to their historical past, also had the opposite side of the coin: stagnation, underdevelopment, corruption, lack of rule of law, high level of unemployment, poverty, various forms of organized crime, etc. One of the forms of organized crime is human trafficking, which occurs in these two countries with some special characteristics due to various factors that have influenced it.
For this negative social phenomenon, especially in the form of sexual exploitation of women and children, interest is expressed in every country, but these two countries differ from other Southeast Europe countries due to the large number of victims of human trafficking that is, because of sexual exploitation especially women and children after the end of the war events, which means that the expansion time of this phenomenon, the age of the victims, scope and manner represent special characteristics for Bosnia and Herzegovina i Republic of Kosovo.
Methods: The article uses system-structural, formal-logical, comparative-legal, statistical and dialectical research methods. Based on the methods, we realized the purpose of this paper which is to research, analysis and introduce in comperativ sense, forms and causes of human trafficking in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Kosovo.
Results and Conclusions: The analysis was realized within two main thematic areas: Sexual exploitation especially women and children and causes of human trafficking in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republic of Kosovo after the end of the war events.
The relevant state institutions in BiH and Republic of Kosovo should be systematically engaged with the aim:

To eliminate or reduce the causes of human trafficking and,
Rehabilitation and compensation of victims of human trafficking.
THE AUTHORITY OF DISCIPLINARY ACTION BETWEEN ADMINISTRATION AND JUDICIARY
Authors: RADDIEH ENASS JOMAHH 
Published: June 2023

This brief research studied the duty of the administration, presented by the disciplinary authority granted to it. These powers have been studied according to the administrative hierarchy established in accordance with the provisions of the law, and granted to each of the President of the Republic, the Prime Minister, the Prime Minister and the ministers were studied. Then we moved on to discuss the powers that enables the administration to describe, adapt the violation, and then impose the appropriate punishment on the perpetrator. Then we followed this study by examining the penalties that affecting the employee's salary and job, not his person. The research ended by searching the judiciary's supervision imposed on the authority and its disciplinary decisions to ensure that they comply with the legal texts and do not violate the principle of legitimacy.
POPULAR AND SOLIDARITY ECONOMY ENTERPRISES: COST OPTIMIZATION THROUGH LINEAR PROGRAMMING
Authors: ESPINOZA XIMENA PATRICIA GRANIZO 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The main objective was to design a linear programming model for cost optimization of popular and solidarity economy entrepreneurships, in addition to propose the job order costing as an effective tool for determining the cost production.
Methodology: The research method was of a logical deductive type, using a mixed approach, with a correlational level. A linear programming model was designed to minimize the production cost. A job order was designed, that includes the components of cost production and operating expenses and was applied to 20 enterprises determining the price in terms of job order costing.
Findings
Spearman's correlation test shows a coefficient equivalent to 0.484, reflecting an average positive correlation between job costing and cost optimization. The application of the linear programming model contributed to the minimization of cost production, while the designed production order allowed to determine the distribution of the cost in each venture, constituting a guide for the calculation of the production cost of future ventures.
Originality/value
This research contributes significantly to entrepreneurs and small businesses, providing a model for cost optimization. The designed production order allows setting the price with an adequate profit margin, registering direct material costs, direct labor and general costs; which are transferred to the model oriented to the minimization of the cost of production.
CORPORATE ESPIONAGE – A VIEW WITH APPLICABILITY OF ALTERNATE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
Authors: C. A. SATHIYA AKSHAYAN K. S., 
Published: June 2023

Spying, having traces since the Monarch period or maybe even before that, plays a crucial role in times of war and the concept of economy. The presence of legal backup behind the art of spying is equally balanced with the illegality in it. Considering the security and the economic stability of a nation, spies are used, though such activities are illegal and the same nation also punishes any person involved in the activity of spying from another nation. With such a crucial situation, business and the market being the arms of the stabilized economy, also play with the spies in such a way that competition in the market benefits best the customer. The market getting globalized, on one hand, requires speedy remedy when there raises any issue of law or any illegal acts. The trending mechanism which was coined in the near past, but has its traces since the same period of the monarch stands as an alternative method to attain such requirement. Thus, with such an explicit practice of spies, the author here would like to throw light upon the legal terminology behind the statutes governing the activities of spying and the effectiveness of the Alternate Dispute Mechanism (ADR) upon the issues pertaining to such acts of corporate espionage present in the market. Though there are no special statutes for regulating corporate espionage or protecting trade secrets, the author shall deal with the traces of espionage laws present in other statutes which co-relate themselves to the mechanisms of ADR.