bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retention of teeth in the fracture gaps of the mandible: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Walker Linus Josef , Koba Sabine , Demiroglu Aktug , Saulacic Nikola , Burkhard John-Patrik 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Since the introduction of miniplate osteosynthesis and the use of prophylactic antibiotics, the complication rate related to the teeth in the fracture gap has significantly decreased. Currently, there are still no established guidelines for the management of such teeth in mandibular fracture lines. However, the long-term viability of these teeth within the fracture gap remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the survival rate of teeth located within the mandibular fracture line and evaluate related follow-up treatments over a minimum period of one year.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study examined 184 patients who underwent surgical treatment for mandibular fractures between January 2018 and December 2021. A total of 189 teeth located in the fracture line were analyzed. Clinical and radiological parameters were collected, including patient age and gender, fracture etiology and location, intraoperative tooth treatment, as well as complications related to both the fracture and the affected teeth in long term.

Results
Most of the examined teeth remained uneventful, with postoperative tooth-related complications seen in 14 (7.4%) teeth. The most common complications were symptomatic apical periodontitis (n = 9, 4.8%) and increased tooth mobility (n = 3, 1.5%). A correlation was found between complications and trauma-related tooth luxation (p = 0.002, OR = 15.2), as well as prior teeth connected to retainers or orthodontic appliances (p = 0.001, OR = 10.32).

Conclusion
Tooth-related complications are rare when intact teeth are retained within the fracture gap. Therefore, unless there is a definitive intraoperative indication for extraction, it is recommended to preserve the teeth in the fracture line.

Clinical relevance
Intact teeth in the fracture line of the mandible should not be primarily extracted.
Theoretical investigation of nonergodic solute dispersion in natural porous formations characterized by persistent and antipersistent power-law log-conductivity correlations
Authors: Pannone Marilena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTracer dispersion within log-conductivity fields represented by power-law semivariograms is investigated by an analytical first-order Lagrangian approach that, in treating subsurface flow and transport, resorts to the superposition principle of an infinite double hierarchy of mutually independent scales of heterogeneity. The results of the investigation, which are corroborated by a preliminary field validation, and also interpreted in terms of probabilistic risk analysis, say that transport anomaly is intrinsically associated with evolving-scale heterogeneous porous formations, regardless of their semivariogram scaling exponent b. In contrast with what was found by previous studies that dealt with this subject in a Lagrangian framework, it is demonstrated that: (1) the magnitude of nonergodic dispersion is nonmonotonically related to b; (2) consistently assuming a characteristic advective-heterogeneity length-scale leads to a universal (and quadratic) dependence of the dimensionless macrodispersion coefficients on the dimensionless time. Additionally, it is demonstrated that, in the presence of fractal heterogeneity, and unlike what happens for short-range correlations, diffusion acts as an antagonist mechanism in terms of Fickian dispersion achievement. Finally, the reinterpretation of antipersistent and persistent correlations as a double hierarchy of oscillatory nonperiodic and periodic fields, respectively, besides allowing for a technical explanation of all the detected trends, envisions a possible alternative methodology for their numerical generation.
What if worms were sentient? Insights into subjective experience from the Caenorhabditis elegans connectome
Authors: Zalucki Oressia , Brown Deborah J. , Key Brian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeciphering the neural basis of subjective experience remains one of the great challenges in the natural sciences. The structural complexity and the limitations around invasive experimental manipulations of the human brain have impeded progress towards this goal. While animals cannot directly report first-person subjective experiences, their ability to exhibit flexible behaviours such as motivational trade-offs are generally considered evidence of sentience. The worm Caenorhabditis elegans affords the unique opportunity to describe the circuitry underlying subjective experience at a single cell level as its whole neural connectome is known and moreover, these animals exhibit motivational trade-offs. We started with the premise that these worms were sentient and then sought to understand the neurons that were both necessary and sufficient for a motivational trade-off involving the rewarding experience of food and the negative experience of an aversive odour. A simple hierarchical network consisting of two chemosensory neurons and three interneurons was found to produce an output to motoneurons that enabled worms to respond in a contextually appropriate manner to an aversive odour according to the worm's hunger state. Given that this circuitry is like that found in the human spinal cord, retina, and primary visual cortex, three regions which are neither necessary nor sufficient for subjective experience, we conclude that motivational trade-offs are not a criterion for subjective experience in worms. Furthermore, once the neural substrate for a behaviour is described, we question the explanatory role of subjective experience in behaviour.
When Do Corporate Good Deeds Become a Burden? The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility Following Negative Events
Authors: Kim Changhyun , Zang Yoonseok , Wang Heli , Niu Kate 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the differential roles of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the context of negative events. By categorizing CSR and negative events by their respective stakeholder groups, primary and secondary stakeholders, we theorize and test differential impacts of CSR and their interaction effects with different types of negative events. We propose that, while CSR toward secondary stakeholders offers the monotonous risk-tempering effect, CSR toward primary stakeholders has heterogeneous effects when facing negative events. Specifically, the effect of CSR toward primary stakeholders varies with the type of negative events. When negative events are associated with secondary stakeholders in the domain of morality, CSR toward primary stakeholders presents a risk-amplifying effect. When the negative events are associated with primary stakeholders in the domain of capability, however, CSR toward primary stakeholders does not present a significant risk-amplifying effect. In contrast, CSR toward secondary stakeholders presents the risk-tempering effect regardless of the type of negative events. We find general support for these arguments when we analyze the market responses to the news events of RepRisk, which provides data of various corporate negative events covered by the media.
Genetic diversity of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var acephala) using agro-morphological and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
Authors: Pipan Barbara , Neji Mohamed , Meglič Vladimir , Sinkovič Lovro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractKale (Brassica oleracea. var. acephala) is a nutrient-rich green leafy vegetable consumed as food and used in traditional medicine worldwide. An essential step in describing the available genetic resources and ensuring their effective use in breeding programs is to characterize the genetic diversity of available germplasm. In this study, the genetic diversity and structure of 26 kale accessions from South-East Europe were examined using 26 agro-morphological traits collected in the field and 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Considerable agro-morphological variability was found in most quantitative (CV = 17.26–42.42%) and qualitative (H' = 0.61–1.79) traits. Multifactorial analysis (MFA) showed that country of origin (33.01%) and morphotype (32.30%) significantly influenced kale diversification. Leaf blade shape (20.62%), leaf incision (19.43%), anthocyanin distribution (16.43%), and leaf colour (15.55%) were the traits that most clearly differentiated accessions. The three common commercial kale cultivars were identified as independent outliers that differed from the other kale accessions in both MFA and UPGMA clustering analysis. The SSR markers were highly informative with 108 alleles and polymorphic information content ranging from 0.395 to 0.856. Strong genetic diversity was detected at the accession level (H' = 0.58) while genetic differentiation was low (Fst = 0.05). Similar to UPGMA clustering, Bayesian clustering suggests that the kale collection can be divided into four clusters with a high degree of admixture and no geographic grouping pattern is apparent. Overall, the study showed that the kale collection studied represents a valuable reservoir of genetic and agro-morphological variability that could be used for future breeding initiatives.
Towards Integrated Target–SOL–Core Plasma Simulations for Fusion Devices with Liquid Metal Targets
Authors: Nallo Giuseppe Francesco , Gonzalez Jorge , Bray Elisabetta , Luda di Cortemiglia Teobaldo , Marchetto Chiara , Subba Fabio , Westerhof Egbert , Zanino Roberto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSelf-healing liquid metal divertors (LMDs) based on the Capillary Porous Structure (CPS) concept are currently being considered among the possible solutions to the power exhaust problem in future fusion reactors. Indeed, the passive replenishment of the plasma-facing surface by capillary forces and the self-shielding of the target via vapor emission can potentially improve the divertor lifetime and its resilience to transient loads. On the other hand, the LMD target erosion can be significant due to evaporation and thermal sputtering, on top of physical sputtering, possibly leading to unacceptable core plasma dilution/power losses (for a low-Z/high-Z metal such as Li and Sn, respectively). For this reason, it is necessary to assess whether an LMD is compatible with an European DEMO (EU-DEMO) plasma scenario. This requires a self-consistent model of the impurity emission from the target, the plasma in both the scrape-off layer (SOL) and the core regions and the transport of impurities therein. In this paper, an an integrated modelling approach is proposed, which is based on SOLPS-ITER and includes its coupling with a target erosion model written in FreeFem++ and a core plasma model (ASTRA/STRAHL). An application of the coupled SOL-target model to simulate experiments performed in the Magnum-PSI linear plasma device with a CPS target filled with Li is also included to provide a first demonstration of the capabilities of the approach. Results are promising, being in good agreement (within a few degrees) with the measured target temperature distribution. In perspective, the modelling framework presented here will be applied to the EU-DEMO with an Sn divertor.
Experimental investigation on a thermochemical seasonal sorption energy storage battery utilizing MgSO4-H2O
Authors: Salama Mostafa M. , Mohamed Sherif A. , Attalla Mohamed , Shmroukh Ahmed N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThermochemical sorption energy storage (TSES) is the most recent thermal energy storage technology and has been proposed as a promising solution to reduce the mismatch between the energy supply and demand by storing energy for months in form of chemical bonds and restore it in form of synthesis chemical reaction. Compared with sensible/latent thermal energy processes, TSES system has major advantages, including a high energy storage capacity/density and the possibility of long-term energy retention with negligible heat loss. Therefore, a solid–gas thermochemical sorption battery is established and investigated utilizing a composite working pair of MgSO4–H2O based on room temperature expanded graphite (RTEG), treated with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and ammonium persulfate ((NH4)2S2O8) as a porous additive. The experimental results showed that energy storage density and sorption efficiency increase with the increment of charging temperature or decreasing of discharging temperature at a certain ambient temperature. Under experimental conditions, energy density ranged from 31.7 to 908.8 kJ/kg (corresponding to volume energy density from 11.7 to 335.8 MJ/m3), while sorption energy efficiency ranged from 28.3 to 79.1%. The highest values were obtained when charging, condensation, and discharging temperatures were 95, 20, and 15 °C, respectively. The maximum thermal efficiency was 21.1% at charging/discharging temperature of 95/15 °C with sensible to sorption heat ratio of 3:1.
Graphical Abstract
Changes in concentrations of potentially toxic elements during storage of hard river water samples at low temperatures using different sample preservation procedures
Authors: Milačič Radmila , Marković Katarina , Marković Stefan , Ščančar Janez , Jolánkai Zsolt , Clement Adrienne , Musa Ildikó , Kardos Máté Krisztián , Zoboli Ottavia , Zessner Matthias 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
According to standard procedure recommended by the Water Framework Directive (WFD), dissolved concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in river water are determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) in filtered (0.45 µm) and acidified (pH 2) samples. Properly prepared and stored composite samples can enhance the temporal representativity of monitoring without increasing analytical costs. For this purpose, the WFD recommends freezing, which can preserve the species integrity and prevent adsorption processes of PTEs.

Methods
Low storage temperature in hard water samples can trigger precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and subsequent co-precipitation of PTEs. To test and determine to what extent co-precipitation with CaCO3 can influence the determination of PTE concentrations, composite river water samples from two case study catchments in Hungary (Zagyva and Koppány) were prepared following two different sample preservation procedures. To study the behavior of PTEs in river water during storage, in the first procedure, samples were frozen, and they were thawed, filtered, and acidified directly prior to the analysis. In the second procedure, samples were filtered on-site and acidified prior to freezing to prevent precipitation of CaCO3 and then only thawed to carry out the chemical analyses. Concentrations of PTEs were determined by ICP-MS.

Results
A statistical evaluation of the results using Student’s t-test revealed significant differences between the two sample preservation procedures, suggesting that PTEs were largely co-precipitated with CaCO3 if the samples were not acidified prior to freezing.

Conclusion
When establishing protocols for sample preservation procedures, the phenomenon of co-precipitation of PTEs with CaCO3 should be considered if the samples were not acidified before freezing. Therefore, to prevent co-precipitation of PTEs with CaCO3, samples should be filtered and acidified before freezing.
Effect of a strain rate dependent material modeling of a steel on the prediction accuracy of a numerical deep drawing process
Authors: Vallaster Eva , Wiesenmayer Sebastian , Merklein Marion 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the production of sheet metal components, batch and process fluctuations cause deviations in the resulting component properties, which often lead to production rejects. To counteract this inline, the computing time for predicting the process result and optimizing the process parameters must be very short, which is why analytical models are advantageous. A large database is usually required for modeling, and numerical simulations are well suited for generating it. The stamping velocity is a process parameter possibly varying, but strain rate dependency of the material often is neglected in numerical simulations. The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of strain rate dependent material modeling on the simulation accuracy of a sheet metal forming process. Therefore, uniaxial tensile tests and layer compression tests at different strain rates are conducted on the steel HC340LA. Based on this, the material behavior is captured in a strain rate dependent material card, which is used for the numerical simulation of a deep drawing process of a geometry with complex shape. For the validation of the model, experiments are carried out and being compared with the computational results in terms of force–displacement curves and part geometry. Furthermore, numerical investigations are used to analyze if drawbead height and blankholder force have an influence on the strain rate distribution and whether this affects the process force.
Decentering Mindfulness: Toward Greater Meditative Diversity in Global Public Health
Authors: Knabb Joshua J. , Vazquez Veola E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this commentary on “Mindfulness for Global Public Health: Critical Analysis and Agenda,” the authors affirm Oman’s emphasis on the need for alternative religious-derived meditative programs and interventions, placed alongside Buddhist-derived mindfulness, for global public health. To begin, we highlight areas of agreement with Oman, then provide a metaphor we believe fittingly captures the current dilemma faced by those ambitiously attempting to globalize mindfulness for public health. Next, we advocate for the decentering of mindfulness, via developing and distributing evidence-based meditative practices derived from other religions, so public health strategies can be more diverse for global consumption. To do so, we offer examples from our own efforts to operationalize and experimentally investigate meditative and contemplative practices housed within the millennia-old Christian religious tradition for contemporary Christian communities experiencing psychological and spiritual suffering. Such examples include contemplation within the classic Medieval work The Cloud of Unknowing, the Jesus Prayer in Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Puritan meditation in Protestant Christianity, and Ignatian meditation and contemplation in Catholic Christianity. To conclude, we offer basic steps for the further development of such alternative religious-derived meditative practices, along with a more detailed account of a recent empirical study of our own. Overall, our hope is to promote greater meditative diversity in the noble pursuit of global public health, with mindfulness offered alongside a plethora of other religious meditative practices, which can provide local communities around the world with a broader range of worldview-dependent and -sensitive options.
Immune changes induced by periampullary adenocarcinoma are reversed after tumor resection and modulate the postoperative survival
Authors: Landerer Anna , Himmelsbach Ruth , Biesel Esther A. , Fichtner-Feigl Stefan , Wittel Uwe A. , Chikhladze Sophia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Tumor growth encompasses multiple immunologic processes leading to impaired immunity. Regarding cancer surgery, the perioperative period is characterized by additional immunosuppression, which may contribute to poorer outcomes. In this exploratory study, we assessed plasma parameters characterizing the perioperative immunity with a particular focus on their prognostic value.

Patients and methods
31 patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were enrolled (adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic head and its periampullary region: n = 24, benign pancreatic diseases n = 7). Abundance and function of circulating immune cells and the plasma protein expression were analyzed in blood samples taken pre- and postoperatively using flow cytometry, ELISA and Proximity Extension Assay.

Results
Prior to surgery, an increased population of Tregs, a lower level of intermediate monocytes, a decreased proportion of activated T-cells, and a reduced response of T-cells to stimulation in vitro were associated with cancer. On the first postoperative day, both groups showed similar dynamics. The preoperative alterations did not persist six weeks postoperatively. Moreover, several preoperative parameters correlated with postoperative survival.

Conclusion
Our data suggests systemic immunologic changes in adenocarcinoma patients, which are reversible six weeks after tumor resection. Additionally, the preoperative immune status affects postoperative survival. In summary, our results implicate prognostic and therapeutic potential, justifying further trials on the perioperative tumor immunity to maximize the benefit of surgical tumor therapy.
How to Develop Organizational Forms for a Successful Digital Transformation? Findings from Two Case Studies
Authors: Erjavec Jure , Indihar Štemberger Mojca , Jaklič Jurij 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrevious research has increased our understanding of individual digital transformation (DT) activities, roles, responsibilities, and related dilemmas, yet a comprehensive insight is missing with respect to the organizational forms that are most appropriate for developing the capabilities needed for successful DT. The purpose of this paper is to identify the main organizational characteristics and organizational forms for a successful DT and to identify influential factors that impact decisions about suitable organizational forms. Drawing on two case studies, we look at how companies can develop digital capabilities through different configurations of organizational forms. Findings show that decisions on organizational forms have to be influenced by digital culture, IT department’s role, and the goals of DT. Moreover, top management leadership is more important than a formal digital strategy, and DT projects must be executed by coordinated interdisciplinary teams. The presented research offers a comprehensive insight on how companies can develop digital capabilities that enable a successful DT by developing their organizational forms, i.e., by combining the different DT actions, actors, their roles and responsibilities, their interplay, implementing DT strategies, and combining the design of digital software solutions with the design of organizational routines and practices.