bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and modification mechanism of vanadium oxide coated LiFePO4 cathode materials with excellent electrochemical performance
Authors: Geng Jing , Zou Zhengguang , Wang Tianxing , Zhang Shuchao , Ling Wenqin , Peng Xiaoxiao , Liang Fangan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In an era of rapid industrial development, such that the demand for energy is increasing daily, lithium-ion batteries are playing a dominant role in energy storage devices due to their high safety and low cost. However, it is still a challenge for the preparation of advanced cathodes, which can determine the battery performance, with stable structures and fast diffusion of Li+. This is especially the case for lithium iron phosphate (LFP), a cathode material with severe limitations due to its low conductive efficiency. To improve its conductivity, LFP was compounded with defect-modified V2O5 to prepare LFP/V/C materials with excellent electrochemical properties, which exhibited an initial capacity of 138.85 mAh g−1 and 95% retention after 500 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 5 C. Also, the effect of defects on ionic diffusion was discussed in detail by means of density function theor (DFT) calculations, confirming that the improvement of electrochemical performance is closely related to the introduction of hybrid conductive layers of surface cladding.
Low-frequency noise in AlTiO/AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors with non-gate-recessed or partially-gate-recessed structures
Authors: Nguyen Duong Dai , Deng Yuchen , Suzuki Toshi-kazu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We have systematically investigated low-frequency noise (LFN) in AlTiO/AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor field-effect transistors (FETs) with non-gate-recessed or partially-gate-recessed structures, where gate insulators using AlTiO, an alloy of Al2O3 and TiO2, are obtained by atomic layer deposition. For drain current LFN, we find pure

1

/

f

spectra for the well-above-threshold regime, and superposition of

1

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f

and Lorentzian spectra near the threshold voltage. The Hooge parameters are evaluated from the

1

/

f

contribution and found to be independent of the AlTiO thickness. However, the remaining AlGaN thickness strongly affects the Hooge parameter near the threshold voltage; in the low channel electron concentration regime of the partially-gate-recessed FETs, a smaller remaining AlGaN thickness gives a larger Hooge parameter proportional to the inverse of the electron concentration, indicating that channel electron number fluctuation dominates the Hooge parameter. We consider that the channel electron number fluctuation is caused by electron traps introduced by the recess etching process in the remaining AlGaN. On the other hand, the Lorentzian spectra give specific time constants almost independent of the AlTiO thickness and the remaining AlGaN thickness, corresponding to trap depths of 0.6–0.8 eV. This can be attributed to traps in AlTiO near the AlTiO/AlGaN interface.
Electron beam irradiation effects on GaN/InGaN multiple quantum well structures
Authors: Yu Liyuan , Hu Jianhua , Ma Yuchen , Zhao Lixia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
GaN-based semiconductors have a strong potential for applications in space systems due to their high radiation resistance. Here, we investigate the influence of 1.5 MeV electron irradiation on the structural, electrical, and optical properties of InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs). The results show that at lower electron fluencies, the indium content in the InGaN/GaN MQWs decreases by about 0.4% because of the ionization of valence electrons induced by electron irradiation, but at higher electron fluencies, the indium concentration increases by about 2.3% because of the appearance of indium-rich ‘clusters’ in the homogeneous quantum wells. Moreover, the fitted activation energy of the irradiated quantum wells increases by about 16% compared to that of the as-grown MQWs.
Towards tunable graphene phononic crystals
Authors: Yu Yuefeng , Kirchhof Jan N , Tsarapkin Aleksei , Deinhart Victor , Yücel Oguzhan , Höfer Bianca , Höflich Katja , Bolotin Kirill I 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Phononic crystals (PnCs) are artificially patterned media exhibiting bands of allowed and forbidden zones for phonons—in analogy to the electronic band structure of crystalline solids arising from the periodic arrangement of atoms. Many emerging applications of PnCs from solid-state simulators to quantum memories could benefit from the on-demand tunability of the phononic band structure. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of suspended graphene PnCs in which the phononic band structure is controlled by mechanical tension applied electrostatically. We show signatures of a mechanically tunable phononic band gap. The experimental data supported by simulation suggests a phononic band gap at 28–33 MHz in equilibrium, which upshifts by 9 MHz under a mechanical tension of 3.1 N m−1. This is an essential step towards tunable phononics paving the way for more experiments on phononic systems based on 2D materials.
Enterprise standardization and convergence of large-volume infusion pump drug libraries
Authors: Ubanyionwu Samuel , Khandekar Divya , Mara Kristin C , Teaford Hilary 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose
With the implementation of a new electronic health record (EHR) system across Mayo Clinic, a project was approved to standardize and converge 9 region-specific large-volume infusion pump (LVP) drug libraries for Baxter SIGMA Spectrum pumps.

Summary
The objectives of the project were to (1) develop recommendations for identified variances in practice, (2) consolidate regional drug libraries into a converged enterprise library, (3) improve the drug library management process, and (4) maintain or exceed previous Dose Error Reduction System (DERS) compliance for infusions administered. Harmonization efforts with infusion pumps decreased the number of drug libraries maintained, reduced content maintenance time, and increased readiness for smart infusion pump–EHR interoperability. Seven of the 8 regions for which change in DERS compliance was assessed showed improved compliance relative to baseline in the 30-day postwashout period. Furthermore, when comparing pre- and postimplementation DERS compliance, the number of regions meeting the minimum compliance rate of 95% increased from 5 to 6 regions.

Conclusion
The project improved the drug library management process, allowed for DERS compliance to be accurately compared across regions, and ensured that patients across the enterprise receive the same standard of care with the administration of intravenous medications.
God save the queen! How and why the dominant evergreen species of the Mediterranean Basin is declining?
Authors: Alderotti Francesca , Verdiani Erika 
Published: August 2023

AbstractQuercus ilex may be considered the queen tree of the Mediterranean Basin, dominating coastal forest areas up to 2000 m above sea level at some sites. However, an increase in holm oak decline has been observed in the last decade. In this review, we analysed the current literature to answer the following questions: what are the traits that allow holm oak to thrive in the Mediterranean environment, and what are the main factors that are currently weakening this species? In this framework, we attempt to answer these questions by proposing a triangle as a graphical summary. The first vertex focuses on the main morpho-anatomical, biochemical and physiological traits that allow holm oak to dominate Mediterranean forests. The other two vertices consider abiotic and biotic stressors that are closely related to holm oak decline. Here, we discuss the current evidence of holm oak responses to abiotic and biotic stresses and propose a possible solution to its decline through adequate forest management choices, thus allowing the species to maintain its ecological domain.
Face Structure, Beauty, and Race: A Study of Population Databases Using Computer Modeling
Authors: Singh Prateush , Oregi Paul , Dhar Shivani , Krumhuber Eva , Mosahebi Ash , Ponniah Allan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Understanding the differences in facial shapes in individuals from different races is relevant across several fields, from cosmetic and reconstructive medicine to anthropometric studies.

Objectives
To determine whether there are features shared by the faces of an aesthetic female face database and if they correlate to their racial demographics using novel computer modeling.

Methods
The database was formed using the “top 100 most beautiful women” lists released by “For Him Magazine” for the last 15 years. Principal component analysis (PCA) of 158 parameters was carried out to check for clustering or racial correlation with these clusters. PCA is a machine-learning tool used to reduce the number of variables in a large data set, allowing for easier analysis of the data while retaining as much information as possible from the original data set. A review of the literature on craniofacial anthropometric differences across ethnicities was also undertaken to complement the computer data.

Results
Two thousand eight hundred and seventy aesthetic faces formed the database in the same racial proportion as 10,000 faces from the general population as a baseline. PCA clustering illustrated grouping by latent space parameters for facial dimensions but showed no correlation with racial demographics. There was a commonality of facial features within the aesthetic cohort, which differed from the general population. Fourteen papers were included in the review which contained 8142 individuals.

Conclusions
Aesthetic female faces have commonalities in facial features regardless of racial demographic, and the dimensions of these features vary from the baseline population. There may even be a common human aesthetic proportion that transcends racial boundaries, but this is yet to be elucidated.

Level of Evidence: 5
PCGAN: a generative approach for protein complex identification from protein interaction networks
Authors: Pan Yuliang , Wang Yang , Guan Jihong , Zhou Shuigeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Protein complexes are groups of polypeptide chains linked by non-covalent protein–protein interactions, which play important roles in biological systems and perform numerous functions, including DNA transcription, mRNA translation, and signal transduction. In the past decade, a number of computational methods have been developed to identify protein complexes from protein interaction networks by mining dense subnetworks or subgraphs.

Results
In this article, different from the existing works, we propose a novel approach for this task based on generative adversarial networks, which is called PCGAN, meaning identifying Protein Complexes by GAN. With the help of some real complexes as training samples, our method can learn a model to generate new complexes from a protein interaction network. To effectively support model training and testing, we construct two more comprehensive and reliable protein interaction networks and a larger gold standard complex set by merging existing ones of the same organism (including human and yeast). Extensive comparison studies indicate that our method is superior to existing protein complex identification methods in terms of various performance metrics. Furthermore, functional enrichment analysis shows that the identified complexes are of high biological significance, which indicates that these generated protein complexes are very possibly real complexes.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/yul-pan/PCGAN.
USNAP: fast unique dense region detection and its application to lung cancer
Authors: Wong Serene W H , Pastrello Chiara , Kotlyar Max , Faloutsos Christos , Jurisica Igor 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Many real-world problems can be modeled as annotated graphs. Scalable graph algorithms that extract actionable information from such data are in demand since these graphs are large, varying in topology, and have diverse node/edge annotations. When these graphs change over time they create dynamic graphs, and open the possibility to find patterns across different time points. In this article, we introduce a scalable algorithm that finds unique dense regions across time points in dynamic graphs. Such algorithms have applications in many different areas, including the biological, financial, and social domains.

Results
There are three important contributions to this manuscript. First, we designed a scalable algorithm, USNAP, to effectively identify dense subgraphs that are unique to a time stamp given a dynamic graph. Importantly, USNAP provides a lower bound of the density measure in each step of the greedy algorithm. Second, insights and understanding obtained from validating USNAP on real data show its effectiveness. While USNAP is domain independent, we applied it to four non-small cell lung cancer gene expression datasets. Stages in non-small cell lung cancer were modeled as dynamic graphs, and input to USNAP. Pathway enrichment analyses and comprehensive interpretations from literature show that USNAP identified biologically relevant mechanisms for different stages of cancer progression. Third, USNAP is scalable, and has a time complexity of O(m+mc log nc+nc log nc), where m is the number of edges, and n is the number of vertices in the dynamic graph; mc is the number of edges, and nc is the number of vertices in the collapsed graph.

Availability and implementation
The code of USNAP is available at https://www.cs.utoronto.ca/∼juris/data/USNAP22.
Brain size and shape diversification in a highly diverse South American clade of rodents (Echimyidae): a geometric morphometric and comparative phylogenetic approach
Authors: Fernández Villoldo J Ariel , Verzi Diego H , Lopes Ricardo T , Dos Reis Sergio F , Perez S Ivan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Brain morphological variation is analysed through virtual endocasts in a highly diversified clade of caviomorph rodents belonging to the family Echimyidae. Diversification in brain size and shape is explored through geometric morphometrics and comparative phylogenetic analyses. The results indicate that brain shape is largely independent of general size and reveal different trends in brain size and shape. Fossorial Euryzygomatominae, arboreal Echimyini and the semi-aquatic Myocastorini Myocastor show high encephalization; the former with a greater contribution from the olfactory bulb and petrosal lobe, and the latter two with a larger surface area of neocortex. The Euryzygomatomyinae and Myocastorini of terrestrial habits show low encephalization with a low contribution of the neocortex. Phylogenetic comparative analyses suggest that endocranial morphological evolution would have been influenced by both phylogeny and locomotor habits. The concurrence of the best fit of the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck model and the significant phylogenetic signal in the datasets suggests the involvement of constraints on morphological diversification within the major clades, as expected under phylogenetic conservatism. This could be explained by an early establishment of a particular endocranial morphology in each major clade, which would have been maintained with relatively little change.
Apomixis occurs frequently along the entire American Cordillera
Authors: Ptáček Jan , Sklenář Petr , Klimeš Adam , Romoleroux Katya , Vidal-Russell Romina , Urfus Tomáš 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Apomictic plants mostly occur at higher latitudes and higher elevations, where they tend to occupy deglaciated areas. By analysing samples of the alpine floras of different latitudinal zones of the Americas (Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador, USA), we investigated whether the proportion of gametophytic apomixis is comparable between the temperate alpine zones of the Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere and whether the proportion of apomictic species increases from the alpine tropics towards the temperate alpine zone.
The reproductive systems of 196 species and 275 individuals were determined by a flow-cytometric seed screening of 999 seeds. Phylogenetic logistic regression was used to evaluate differences in the proportion of apomictic species in samples of regional alpine floras.
The apomictic embryo:endosperm ratio was determined for 33 species (two pseudogamous species and 31 species with autonomous apomixis) belonging to 28 genera of 13 families. The probability of a species being apomictic did not significantly differ between the regions. The highest probability of a species being apomictic was estimated for the northern temperate zone (29.6%), followed by the tropical zone (12.5%), and the southern temperate zone (11.9%).
Our results show that asexual plant reproduction by apomixis is not restricted to the alpine zone of the Northern Hemisphere and its representation in alpine floras of the Southern Hemisphere, including the alpine tropics, has been substantially underestimated.
p55γ degrades RIP3 via MG53 to suppress ischaemia-induced myocardial necroptosis and mediates cardioprotection of preconditioning
Authors: Li Zhenyan , Dai Rilei , Chen Min , Huang Lixuan , Zhu Kun , Li Mingyang , Zhu Wenting , Li Yang , Xie Ning , Li Jingchen , Wang Li , Lan Feng , Cao Chun-Mei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
Regulated necrosis (necroptosis) and apoptosis are important biological features of myocardial infarction, ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, and heart failure. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying myocardial necroptosis remain elusive. Ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) is the most powerful intrinsic cardioprotection against myocardial I/R injury. In this study, we aimed to determine whether IPC suppresses I/R-induced necroptosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods and results
We generated p55γ transgenic and knockout mice and used ligation of left anterior descending coronary artery to produce an in vivo I/R model. The effects of p55γ and its downstream molecules were subsequently identified using mass spectroscopy and co-immunoprecipitation and pulldown assays. We found that p55γ expression was down-regulated in failing human myocardium caused by coronary heart disease as well as in I/R mouse hearts. Cardiac-specific p55γ overexpression ameliorated the I/R-induced necroptosis. In striking contrast, p55γ deficiency (p55γ−/−) and cardiac-specific deletion of p55γ (p55γc-KO) worsened I/R-induced injury. IPC up-regulated p55γ expression in vitro and in vivo. Using reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we found that Hif1α transcriptionally regulated p55γ expression and mediated the cardioprotection of IPC. IPC-mediated suppression of necroptosis was attenuated in p55γ−/− and p55γc-KO hearts. Mechanistically, p55γ overexpression decreased the protein levels of RIP3 rather than the mRNA levels, while p55γ deficiency increased the protein abundance of RIP3. IPC attenuated the I/R-induced up-regulation of RIP3, which was abolished in p55γ-deficient mice. Up-regulation of RIP3 attenuated the p55γ- or IPC-induced inhibition of necroptosis in vivo. Importantly, p55γ directly bound and degraded RIP3 in a ubiquitin-dependent manner. We identified MG53 as the E3 ligase that mediated the p55γ-induced degradation of RIP3. In addition, we also found that p55γ activated the RISK pathway during IPC.

Conclusions
Our findings reveal that activation of the MG53-RIP3 signal pathway by p55γ protects the heart against I/R-induced necroptosis and underlies IPC-induced cardioprotection.
CMR reclassifies the majority of patients with suspected MINOCA and non MINOCA
Authors: Liang Kate , Bisaccia Giandomenico , Leo Isabella , Williams Matthew G L , Dastidar Amardeep , Strange Julian W , Sammut Eva , Johnson Thomas W , Bucciarelli-Ducci Chiara 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
In ∼5–15% of all cases of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have unobstructed coronaries on angiography. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has proven useful to identify in most patients the underlying diagnosis associated with this presentation. However, the role of CMR to reclassify patients from the initial suspected condition has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to assess the proportion of patients with suspected MINOCA, or non-MINOCA, that CMR reclassifies with an alternative diagnosis from the original clinical suspicion.

Methods and results
A retrospective cohort of patients in a tertiary cardiology centre was identified from a registry database. Patients who were referred for CMR for investigation of suspected MINOCA, and a diagnosis pre- and post-CMR was recorded to determine the proportion of diagnoses reclassified. A total of 888 patients were identified in the registry. CMR reclassified diagnosis in 78% of patients. Diagnosis of MINOCA was confirmed in only 243 patients (27%), whilst most patients had an alternative diagnosis (73%): myocarditis n = 217 (24%), Takotsubo syndrome n = 115 (13%), cardiomyopathies n = 97 (11%), and normal CMR/non-specific n = 216 (24%).

Conclusion
In a large single-centre cohort of patients presenting with ACS and unobstructed coronary arteries, most patients had a non-MINOCA diagnosis (73%) (myocarditis, Takotsubo, cardiomyopathies, or normal CMR/non-specific findings), whilst only a minority had confirmed MINOCA (27%). Performing CMR led to reclassifying patients’ diagnosis in 78% of cases, thus confirming its important clinical role and underscoring the clinical challenge in diagnosing MINOCA and non MINOCA conditions.
Real-time guiding by deep learning during echocardiography to reduce left ventricular foreshortening and measurement variability
Authors: Sabo Sigbjorn , Pettersen Hakon Neergaard , Smistad Erik , Pasdeloup David , Stølen Stian Bergseng , Grenne Bjørnar Leangen , Lovstakken Lasse , Holte Espen , Dalen Havard 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
Apical foreshortening leads to an underestimation of left ventricular (LV) volumes and an overestimation of LV ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain. Real-time guiding using deep learning (DL) during echocardiography to reduce foreshortening could improve standardization and reduce variability. We aimed to study the effect of real-time DL guiding during echocardiography on measures of LV foreshortening and inter-observer variability.

Methods and results
Patients (n = 88) in sinus rhythm referred for echocardiography without indication for contrast were included. All participants underwent three echocardiograms. The first two examinations were performed by sonographers, and the third by cardiologists. In Period 1, the sonographers were instructed to provide high-quality echocardiograms. In Period 2, the DL guiding was used by the second sonographer. One blinded expert measured LV length in all recordings. Tri-plane recordings by cardiologists were used as reference. Apical foreshortening was calculated at the end-diastole. Both sonographer groups significantly foreshortened the LV in Period 1 (mean foreshortening: Sonographer 1: 4 mm; Sonographer 2: 3 mm, both P &lt; 0.001 vs. reference) and reduced foreshortening in Period 2 (2 and 0 mm, respectively. Period 1 vs. Period 2, P &lt; 0.05). Sonographers using DL guiding did not foreshorten more than cardiologists (P ≥ 0.409). Real-time guiding did not improve intra-class correlation (ICC) [LV end-diastolic volume ICC, (95% confidence interval): DL guiding 0.87 (0.77–0.93) vs. no guiding 0.92 (0.88–0.95)].

Conclusion
Real-time guiding reduced foreshortening among experienced operators and has the potential to improve image standardization. Even though the effect on inter-operator variability was minimal among experienced users, real-time guiding may improve test–retest variability among less experienced users.

Clinical trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT04580095.