bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heterogeneity and plasticity of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer metastasis: Focusing on partial EMT and regulatory mechanisms
Authors: Li Dandan , Xia Lingyun , Huang Pan , Wang Zidi , Guo Qiwei , Huang Congcong , Leng Weidong , Qin Shanshan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEpithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) or mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET) plays critical roles in cancer metastasis. Recent studies, especially those based on single‐cell sequencing, have revealed that EMT is not a binary process, but a heterogeneous and dynamic disposition with intermediary or partial EMT states. Multiple double‐negative feedback loops involved by EMT‐related transcription factors (EMT‐TFs) have been identified. These feedback loops between EMT drivers and MET drivers finely regulate the EMT transition state of the cell. In this review, the general characteristics, biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of different EMT transition states were summarized. We additionally discussed the direct and indirect roles of EMT transition state in tumour metastasis. More importantly, this article provides direct evidence that the heterogeneity of EMT is closely related to the poor prognosis in gastric cancer. Notably, a seesaw model was proposed to explain how tumour cells regulate themselves to remain in specific EMT transition states, including epithelial state, hybrid/intermediate state and mesenchymal state. Additionally, this article also provides a review of the current status, limitations and future perspectives of EMT signalling in clinical applications.
Brain exposure of osimertinib in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation non‐small cell lung cancer and brain metastases: A positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Ekman Simon , Cselényi Zsolt , Varrone Andrea , Jucaite Aurelija , Martin Heather , Schou Magnus , Johnström Peter , Laus Gianluca , Lewensohn Rolf , Brown Andrew P. , van der Aart Jasper , Vishwanathan Karthick , Farde Lars 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBrain metastases (BMs) are associated with poor prognosis in epidermal growth factor receptor mutation‐positive (EGFRm) non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Osimertinib is a third‐generation, irreversible, EGFR‐tyrosine kinase inhibitor that potently and selectively inhibits EGFR‐sensitizing and T790M resistance mutations with efficacy in EGFRm NSCLC including central nervous system (CNS) metastases. The open‐label phase I positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study (ODIN‐BM) assessed [11C]osimertinib brain exposure and distribution in patients with EGFRm NSCLC and BMs. Three dynamic 90‐min [11C]osimertinib PET examinations were acquired together with metabolite‐corrected arterial plasma input functions at: baseline, after first oral osimertinib 80 mg dose, and after greater than or equal to 21 days of osimertinib 80 mg q.d. treatment. Contrast‐enhanced MRI was performed at screening and after 25–35 days of osimertinib 80 mg q.d.; treatment effect was assessed per CNS Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 and per volumetric changes in total BM using a novel analysis approach. Four patients (aged 51–77 years) completed the study. At baseline, ~1.5% injected radioactivity reached the brain (IDmax[brain]) 22 min (median, Tmax[brain]) after injection. Total volume of distribution (VT) in whole brain was numerically higher compared with the BM regions. After a single oral osimertinib 80 mg dose, there was no consistent decrease in VT in whole brain or BMs. After greater than or equal to 21 days' daily treatment, VT in whole brain and BMs were numerically higher versus baseline. MRI revealed 56%–95% reduction in total BMs volume after 25–35 days of osimertinib 80 mg q.d. treatment. The [11C]osimertinib crossed the blood–brain and brain‐tumor barriers and had a high, homogeneous brain distribution in patients with EGFRm NSCLC and BMs.
Temporary abstinence challenges: What do we need to know?
Authors: Butters Anna , Kersbergen Inge , Holmes John , Field Matt 
Published: February 2023

AbstractParticipation in temporary abstinence challenges (TAC) continues to increase with campaigns established in several countries. Temporarily abstaining from alcohol as part of such challenges is associated with ongoing benefits including reductions to alcohol consumption after the TAC. We identified three research priorities regarding TACs which are outlined in this paper. First, the role of temporary abstinence itself is unclear with post‐TAC reductions in alcohol consumption still apparent among participants who do not remain fully abstinent throughout the challenge. It is necessary to establish to what degree temporary abstinence itself, rather than the combination of abstinence and the additional supports provided by TAC organisers (e.g., mobile applications, online support groups), contributes to changes in consumption after the TAC. Second, little is known about the psychological changes underlying these changes in alcohol consumption, with conflicting evidence as to whether increases in someone's belief in their ability to avoid drinking mediates the association between participation in a TAC and reductions in consumption afterwards. Other potential psychological and social mechanisms of change have been subjected to little, if any, scrutiny. Third, evidence of increased consumption post‐TAC among a minority of participants indicates a need to establish for whom or in what circumstances participation in a TAC may result in unintended negative consequences. Focussing research in these areas would increase the confidence with which participation could be encouraged. It would also enable campaign messaging and additional supports to be prioritised and tailored to be as effective as possible in facilitating long‐term change.
Validation of a touchscreen assessment tool to screen for cognitive delay at 24 months
Authors: Casey Tríona , Thachuthara Aoife Jones , Fogarty Leanna , Livingstone Vicki , De Haan Michelle , Marlow Neil , Kiely Mairead E. , Murray Deirdre M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo validate a touchscreen assessment as a screening tool for mild cognitive delay in typically developing children aged 24 months.MethodSecondary analysis of data was completed from an observational birth cohort study (The Cork Nutrition & Microbiome Maternal–Infant Cohort Study [COMBINE]), with children born between 2015 and 2017. Outcome data were collected at 24 months of age, at the INFANT Research Centre, Ireland. Outcomes were the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition cognitive composite score and a language‐free, touchscreen‐based cognitive measure (Babyscreen).ResultsA total of 101 children (47 females, 54 males) aged 24 months (mean = 24.25, SD = 0.22) were included. Cognitive composite scores correlated with the total number of Babyscreen tasks completed, with moderate concurrent validity (r = 0.358, p < 0.001). Children with cognitive composite scores lower than 90 (1 SD below the mean, defined as mild cognitive delay) had lower mean Babyscreen scores than those with cognitive scores equal to or greater than 90 (8.50 [SD = 4.89] vs 12.61 [SD = 3.68], p = 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the prediction of a cognitive composite score less than 90 was 0.75 (95% confidence interval = 0.59–0.91; p = 0.006). Babyscreen scores less than 7 were equivalent to less than the 10th centile and identified children with mild cognitive delay with 50% sensitivity and 93% specificity.InterpretationOur 15‐minute, language‐free touchscreen tool could reasonably identify mild cognitive delay among typically developing children.
Ensemble modelling of Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) distribution in biodiversity hotspot to understand its invasion risk
Authors: K.M.N. Mohamed Nisin , Ramanathan Sreenath K. , Sreeram Miriam Paul , Sudheesan Deepa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInvasive species pose a severe threat to biodiversity around the world. Managing the consequences of invasion is difficult in aquatic settings, as the rate at which invaders establish typically outpaces the resources available to eradicate them. For proactive management measures to be implemented, prior knowledge of the probability of invasion is required. In this study, we created a spatial model of the probability of the Pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) invasion in the Western Ghats. The Western Ghats, one of the world's top biodiversity hotspots, is home to numerous endemic species, many of which are now threatened. An ensemble modelling approach using 10 models, including machine learning techniques such as Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), Random Forest (RF), Generalised Boosted Regression Model (GBM) and Classification Tree Analysis (CTA), was adopted. The model was built using the species' occurrence data and nine climate variables. The findings revealed that southern regions of the Western Ghats have a high risk of Pirarucu invasion. Sri Lanka also has a much greater geographical area with a higher percentage of appropriate habitats for the species. The study becomes vital as this exotic species was repeatedly reported from the rivers since the extensive floods in the region in 2018. The developed model will assist managers in prioritising locations and initiating monitoring and management steps to prevent the spread before they establish in the wild. With earlier Pirarucu invasions in Bolivia, Peru and East Asia and recent climatic vagaries in the Western Ghats, the native biodiversity of the region is in grave danger of being displaced.
Human filaggrin monomer does not seem to be a proteasome target
Authors: Briot Julie , Arbey Eric , Goudounèche Dominique , Bernard Dominique , Simon Michel , Méchin Marie‐Claire 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAbsence of a functional proteasome in the suprabasal layers of the epidermis is responsible for keratosis linearis with ichthyosis congenital and sclerosing keratoderma syndrome. Patient epidermis shows hypergranulosis associated with abnormally shaped keratohyalin granules and abnormal distribution of filaggrin in the Stratum granulosum and Stratum corneum. This suggests that the proteasome is involved in the degradation of filaggrin. To test this hypothesis, the proteasome proteolytic activity was inhibited in 3D reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) with the specific clasto‐lactacystin β‐lactone inhibitor. Confirming the efficacy of inhibition, ubiquitinated proteins accumulated in treated RHEs as compared to controls. Levels of urocanic acid (UCA) and pyrrolidone carboxylic acid (PCA), the end products of filaggrin degradation, were reduced. However, neither filaggrin accumulation nor appearance of filaggrin‐derived peptides were observed. On the contrary, the amount of filaggrin was shown to decrease, and a similar tendency was observed for profilaggrin, its precursor. Accumulation of small cytoplasmic vesicles associated with a significant increase in autophagy markers indicated activation of the autophagy process upon proteasome inhibition. Taken together, these results suggest that the perturbation of UCA and PCA production after proteasome inhibition was probably due to down‐regulation of filaggrin expression rather than to blocking of filaggrin proteolysis.
Photoperiod drives cessation of wood formation in northern conifers
Authors: Mu Wenhuan , Wu Xiuchen , Camarero J. Julio , Fu Yongshuo H. , Huang Jianguo , Li Xiaoyan , Chen Deliang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsShifts in xylem phenology directly determine the forest capacity for carbon sequestration. However, a systematic understanding of the spatial patterns and the underpinning drivers in determining the cessation of wood formation (Ccw) is lacking at a pan‐continental scale. Here, we addressed this knowledge gap by compiling a new dataset of multiple xylem phenology timings for northern conifers.LocationsSixty‐two study sites, Northern Hemisphere (25–55° N).Time period2003–2018 (16 years).TaxaThirty‐three conifer species.MethodsA generalized additive model was fitted to characterize the latitudinal pattern in Ccw. Structural equation modelling and a linear mixed‐effects model were applied to determine the main drivers underlying the latitudinal pattern in Ccw.ResultsThe Ccw followed a flat S‐shaped pattern with increasing latitude. Photoperiod was the dominant determinant of the latitudinal pattern of Ccw, and a longer photoperiod was associated with an earlier Ccw. Both mean growing‐season temperature and total growing‐season precipitation exhibited significantly positive relationships to the cessation of cell elongation and thus the Ccw across all study sites. In arid regions, the pre‐growing‐season temperature had a significantly negative effect on Ccw. In humid regions, Ccw was positively affected by the mean growing‐season temperature. The onset of wood formation showed significantly positive coupling with Ccw at arid sites but not at humid sites. Early successional species were sensitive to hydrothermal variations during the pre‐growing season.Main conclusionsWe reveal the dominant role of photoperiod in determining the cessation of wood formation for northern conifers and highlight differentiated interactive effects between photoperiod and seasonal climatic factors and the preceding xylem phenophases in determining Ccw among ecoregions and tree species. These insights provide evidence to reduce uncertainty in prediction of the forest carbon uptake potential and the consequent biophysical feedbacks of northern forests.
Skin cancer mortality in Spain: adjusted mortality rates by province and related risk factors
Authors: Alcalá Ramírez del Puerto Antonio , Hernández‐Rodriguez Juan Carlos , Sendín‐Martín Mercedes , Ortiz‐Alvarez Juan , Conejo‐Mir Sánchez Julián , Pereyra‐Rodriguez José Juan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundUltraviolet radiation is the main environmental risk factor responsible for the development of skin cancer. Other occupational, socioeconomic, and environmental factors appear to be related to the risk of skin cancer. Furthermore, the factors appear to differ for melanoma and non‐melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). The purpose of this study is to analyze mortality rates of skin cancer in the different provinces of Spain and to determine the influence of socioeconomic conditions and other environmental and demographic factors in rates.MethodsDeaths from melanoma and NMSC in the period 2000–2019 were obtained as well as socioeconomic and environmental variables. Annual standardized mortality rates (SMR) were calculated for all Spanish provinces. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated.ResultsThe SMR of melanoma was 2.10/100,000 inhabitants, while that of NMSC was 1.28/100,000. At the provincial level, a great variability is confirmed. Gross domestic product showed a positive correlation with melanoma mortality but a negative correlation with NMSC. Other environmental and socioeconomic variables also showed correlation, as a positive correlation between tobacco sales and melanoma and between agricultural development and the NMSC.ConclusionsThere are still important differences between each province that must be taken into account when planning health care and resource distribution. This ecological and province‐wise study helps to elucidate the relationship between social and ambient exposure determinants and skin cancer mortality in Spain.
Influence of stearic acid to soy lecithin ratios on structural, technological and bio‐functional characteristics of rice bran, mustard and virgin coconut oil‐based oleogels
Authors: Parmar Vijaya , Sharma Rajan , Sharma Savita 
Published: February 2023

SummaryOleogelation is a novel method for effectively lowering trans and saturated fats without compromising composition or consumer acceptance, making them a safe and environmentally benign technique for future industrial applications. Oleogel development takes into account the industry's need for shortening and spread substitutes to create nutritionally enhanced products with limited trans and saturated fat. The oleogels were developed using different combinations of stearic acid (SA) to soy lecithin (SL) ratios (7:3; 5:5; and 7:5) at 25% w/w to structure rice bran oil (RBO), virgin coconut oil (VCO) and mustard oil (MO) individually. X‐ray diffraction and confocal laser microscopy were used to examine the crystal morphology of oleogels. The characterisation of developed oleogels was done using temperature‐sweep test, texture profile, oil loss and gel strength. Additionally, FT‐IR and GC‐FID were used to evaluate chemical characteristics. The study discovered that the firmness and gel strength of all the oleogels rose with an increase in SA:SL. However, at the same level and composition of oleogelators, RBO‐based oleogels were the firmest in comparison to VCO‐ and MO‐based oleogels, owing to the different chemical composition of oil medium.
How can research contribute to the implementation of sustainable development goals? An interpretive review of SDG literature in management
Authors: Berrone Pascual , Rousseau Horacio E. , Ricart J.E. , Brito Esther , Giuliodori Andrea 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganizations often face challenges in incorporating the sustainable development goals (SDGs) into their strategic agendas. Despite the availability of guidelines from leading practitioners, such guidance often lacks the scientific insights provided by academia. In this study, we examine the integration of scholarly management literature into practical guidelines for achieving the SDGs. To do so, we first examined nine practitioner guidelines offered by well‐reputed consulting firms, multilateral organizations and non‐profits, from which we identified four underlying general processes: prioritizing SDGs to the most relevant strategic goals of firms, contextualizing the SDGs to firms’ geographical and industrial contexts, collaborating with other organizations and stakeholders to make more impactful progress and innovating via business process remodelling. Using these four processes as an overarching framework, we then conducted an interpretive literature review to mine highly cited sustainable development‐related papers in the management field covering an 11‐year period (2010–2020). From these studies, we derived novel connections to all four stages to offer a more robust and scientifically informed process‐based framework for SDG adoption. We discuss multiple scholarly implications, including the importance of enhancing knowledge about the various phases of the SDG adoption model, developing research on understudied SDGs, and expanding theoretical and methodological approaches to SDG research. Additionally, we provide a more grounded SDG adoption model with significant practical implications.
The application of the Limberg flap repair technique in the surgical treatment of pilonidal sinus disease
Authors: Song Yaoyao , Zang Yu , Chen Zequn , Li Jianjun , Zhu Minhui , Zhu Hongjuan , Chu Wanli , Liu Gang , Shen Chuan'an 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPilonidal sinus disease (PNSD) challenged surgeons for decades. Limberg flap repair (LFR) is a common treatment for PNSD. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect and risk factors of LFR in PNSD. A retrospective study was conducted on the PNSD patients who visited two medical centers and four departments in the People's Liberation Army General Hospital and were taking LFR treatment between 2016 and 2022. The risk factors, the effect of the operation, and complications were observed. The effects of known risk factors on the surgical results were compared. There were 37 PNSD patients: male/female ratio of 35:2, average age: 25.1 ± 7.9 years. Average BMI: 25.2 ± 4.0 kg/m2, average wound healing time: 15.4 ± 3.4 days. 30 patients (81.0%) healed in stage one and 7 (16.3%) had postoperative complications. Only 1 patient (2.7%) had a recurrence while others were healed after dressing‐changing. There was no significant difference in age, BMI, preoperative debridement history, preoperative sinus classification, Wound area, Negative pressure drainage tube, prone time (<3d) and treatment effect. Squat defecate and premature defecation were associated with treatment effect, and they were independent predictors of treatment effect in the multivariate analysis. LFR has a stable therapeutic outcome. Compared with other skin flaps, the therapeutic effect of this flap is not significantly different, but the design is simple and is not affected by the known risk factors before operation. However, it is necessary to avoid the influence of two independent risk factors, squatting defecation and premature defecation, on the therapeutic effect.
Using Linkage Sets to Improve Connectedness in Rater Response Model Estimation
Authors: Casabianca Jodi M. , Donoghue John R. , Shin Hyo Jeong , Chao Szu‐Fu , Choi Ikkyu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUsing item‐response theory to model rater effects provides an alternative solution for rater monitoring and diagnosis, compared to using standard performance metrics. In order to fit such models, the ratings data must be sufficiently connected in order to estimate rater effects. Due to popular rating designs used in large‐scale testing scenarios, there tends to be a large proportion of missing data, yielding sparse matrices and estimation issues. In this article, we explore the impact of different types of connectedness, or linkage, brought about by using a linkage set—a collection of responses scored by most or all raters. We also explore the impact of the properties and composition of the linkage set, the different connectedness yielded from different rating designs, and the role of scores from automated scoring engines. In designing monitoring systems using the rater response version of the generalized partial credit model, the study results suggest use of a linkage set, especially a large one that is comprised of responses representing the full score scale. Results also show that a double‐human‐scoring design provides more connectedness than a design with one human and an automated scoring engine. Furthermore, scores from automated scoring engines do not provide adequate connectedness. We discuss considerations for operational implementation and further study.
Continuous use of antithrombotic medications during peri‐endoscopic submucosal dissection period for colorectal lesions: A propensity score matched study
Authors: Kawasaki Keisuke , Torisu Takehiro , Esaki Motohiro , Eizuka Makoto , Kawatoko Shinichiro , Kumei Tomo , Hirai Minami , Kondo Masahiro , Fujioka Shin , Fuyuno Yuta , Matsuno Yuichi , Umeno Junji , Moriyama Tomohiko , Kitazono Takanari , Sugai Tamotsu , Matsumoto Takayuki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe aim of this study was to elucidate the continuous use of antithrombotic medications during the peri‐colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) period.MethodsThis study included 468 patients with colorectal epithelial neoplasms treated by ESD, consisting of 82 under antithrombotic medications and 386 patients without the medications. Among patients taking antithrombotic medications, antithrombotic agents were continued during the peri‐ESD period. Clinical characteristics and adverse events were compared after propensity score matching.ResultsBefore and after propensity score matching, post‐colorectal ESD bleeding rate was higher in patients continuing antithrombotic medications (19.5% and 21.6%, respectively) than in those not taking antithrombotic medications (2.9% and 5.4%, respectively). In the Cox regression analysis, continuation of antithrombotic medications was associated with post‐ESD bleeding risk (hazard ratio, 3.73; 95% confidence interval, 1.2–11.6; P < 0.05) compared with patients without antithrombotic therapy. All patients who experienced post‐ESD bleeding were successfully treated by endoscopic hemostasis procedure or conservative therapy.ConclusionsContinuation of antithrombotic medications during the peri‐colorectal ESD period increases the risk of bleeding. However, the continuation may be acceptable under careful monitoring for post‐ESD bleeding.