bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence for peroxisomal redundancy among the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase isoforms of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Linnenbrügger Loreen , Doering Lennart Nico , Tägtmeyer Louisa-Marlen , Fischer Kerstin , von Schaewen Antje 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The oxidative pentose phosphate pathway (OPPP) plays an important role in the generation of reducing power in all eukaryotes. In plant cells, the OPPP operates in several cellular compartments, but as full cycle only in the plastid stroma where it is essential. As suggested by our recent results, OPPP reactions are also mandatory inside peroxisomes, at least during fertilization. For the first enzyme of the OPPP, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), we previously showed that one Arabidopsis isoform (G6PD1) can be directed to peroxisomes under specific circumstances. Since g6pd1 knock-out plants are viable, we aimed at elucidating potential redundancy regarding peroxisomal targeting among the other G6PD isoforms. Localization studies of so far cytosolic annotated G6PD5 and G6PD6 (both ending -PTL&gt;) using different reporter fusions of full-length versus the last 50 amino acids revealed that GFP-C-short versions are efficiently imported into peroxisomes. Modification of the final tripeptide to a canonical peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (PTS1) also resulted in peroxisomal localization of the full-length versions and revealed that G6PD5/6 import may occur as homo- or heterodimer. Interestingly, the new noncanonical PTS1 motif is highly conserved among the cytosolic G6PD isoforms of the Angiosperms, whereas members of the Poaceae (rice and maize) possess two variants, one ending with an additional amino acid (-PTLA&gt;) and the other one extended by a stronger PTS1 motif. From both evolutionary and physiological perspectives, we postulate that G6PD import as homo- and heterodimer restricted the acquisition of more efficient peroxisomal targeting motifs to leave some G6PDH activity in the cytosol.
Distinct genetic risk loci between biopsy-proven renal and non-renal lupus: a 10-year longitudinal cohort
Authors: CW Chan Shirley , Lei Yao , YH Yap Desmond , PW Lee Pamela , Lai Wai Ming , KY Ying Shirley , MH Leung Alexander , Mok Chi Chiu , Lee Ka Lai , Lau Chak Sing , Yang Wanling , Li Philip H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous disease which manifests as different subphenotypes. Distinct subphenotypes, such as lupus nephritis (LN), have been associated with increased genetic risk, but prior studies have been limited by cross-sectional and imprecisely subphenotyped cohorts. This study investigated the genetic basis for LN using a longitudinal cohort of distinctly subphenotyped patients.

Methods
SLE patients with biopsy-proven LN or never developed LN (NLN) were recruited from 8 tertiary referral centres. All patients had longitudinal clinical data for at least 10-years, or died during the study period. NLN patients had no renal involvement for at least 10-years. Subjects were genotyped and polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated using 230 SLE-associated SNPs. Genome-wide association analyses were also conducted for LN-vs-control, NLN-vs-control, and LN-vs-NLN comparisons, along with heterogeneity tests to assess differences in effect size.

Results
Among 1462 patients, 824 (56%) and 638 (43%) had LN and NLN, respectively. PRS was significantly higher in the LN cohort. Genome-wide significant variants were identified in HLA, TNFAIP3, BLK, and STAT4 loci specifically for LN patients, while STAT4 also remained significant for NLN patients. Direct LN-vs-NLN associations showed no statistically significant variants but heterogeneity tests revealed other genetic loci, including ELF1, OX40, DUSP22, and TPCN2.

Conclusion
Different subphenotypes of SLE are predisposed by distinct genetic risk loci, which can only be identified in clearly subphenotyped cohorts with sufficient longitudinal data. We identified unique genetic risk loci enriched among patients with biopsy-proven LN, and postulate that individual subphenotypes may have varying genetic predisposition.
A rare paediatric case with overlapping clinical features of epidermodysplasia verruciformis and pyoderma gangrenosum with hepatosplenomegaly
Authors: Azhar Saud , Khan Palwasha , Faizullah Fahad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis that typically manifests as painful ulcers, usually on the lower limbs, and is usually secondary to other conditions, for example inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EDV) is an inherited or acquired primary immunodeficiency disorder linked to human papillomavirus susceptibility and an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma. Occurrence of these conditions together has not been reported before. A 10-year-old boy presented with an extraordinary combination of clinical features consistent with PG and EDV. This unique presentation showcased recurrent nonhealing painful ulcers on the legs and body along with cribriform scarring for the last 8 years, which worsened over the last 1 year. Punch biopsy corroborated the diagnosis of PG. There were no signs and symptoms of other systemic diseases. Hypo- and hyperpigmented papules were spread all over the body with pityriasis versicolor-like macules on the forehead, neck and dorsa of the hands along with a positive family history in his younger brother, confirming the diagnosis of inherited EDV. The patient also had hepatosplenomegaly, for which paediatric workup was suggested. Treatment involved infection control, corticosteroid therapy and wound care, which led to a rapid healing response in the ulcers. This exceptional case sparks the suspicion of a novel syndrome due to its combination of EDV and PG, enhancing existing knowledge of the disease presentation.
Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae)
Authors: Castro-Huertas Valentina , Melo María Cecilia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Saicini comprise 24 genera and 147 species worldwide. Here, we include additional taxa and characters to the morphological dataset of Castro-Huertas and Melo (2023) into a new one composed of 181 characters, which was analysed cladistically with 63 terminals, comprising 18 genera (75% of the generic diversity), 49 species of Saicini, and 12 outgroups. Saicini was recovered as monophyletic, with Carayonia orientalis (Visayanocorini) as its sister-species. Our hypotheses recovered two main clades within Saicini that we recognized as two new subtribes: Saicina subtrib. nov. and Tagalina subtrib. nov.; and the new tribe, Saiciretini trib. nov. of uncertain affinities within Emesinae. Additionally, the morphology and evolution of the scopula is explored. The scopula is a hairy attachment structure on the third tarsomere composed of a set of spatulate setae present on all legs of Saicini and on the meso- and metalegs of a few species of the tribes Emesini and Leistarchini (Emesinae). Scopula presence on all legs had been recovered as synapomorphy of the tribe Saicini. The reconstruction of the ancestral state of the hairy setae shows an emergence of this structure on the ventral region of the third tarsal segment of the protarsus in Saicini and its ancestor without scopula. The arrangement of the scopula is consistent with the recovered clades.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Leg Length Discrepancy in Children With Idiopathic Clubfoot Treated With Ponseti Method
Authors: Schaibley Claire , Torres-izquierdo Beltran , Siddabattula Rohit , Hosseinzadeh Pooya 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Clubfoot is at times associated with other lower extremity abnormalities, such as leg length discrepancy (LLD). Initial studies in patients treated with extensive soft tissue release (STR) have estimated that LLD is prevalent in 9% to 11% of children with idiopathic clubfoot. However, Ponseti-style serial casting has since replaced STR as the preferred clubfoot treatment method. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of LLD, risk factors for LLD, and the required treatment in children with clubfoot deformity after Ponseti casting.

Methods:
A retrospective review of medical records from children ages 0 to 18 treated for clubfoot at a single institution from 2002 to 2023 was conducted. Included patients were initially treated with Ponseti casting and had minimum follow-up until age 3. Patients with nonidiopathic clubfoot or who had LLD noted on physical examination but did not have available radiographs were excluded. LLD was defined as a minimum discrepancy of 0.5 cm on bilateral lower extremity radiographs.

Results:
Two hundred seventy-eight patients (434 feet) met criteria; 73% (203) were male. Forty of the 49 patients with available radiographs had LLD. The prevalence of LLD was 14.4%, with an average discrepancy of 1.1±0.8 cm. The prevalence was significantly higher in patients with unilateral than bilateral cases, 27% (33) versus 4.5% (7), P=<0.001. LLD was present in 21.5% (32) of patients with recurrence and 6.2% (8) of patients without recurrence, P=<0.001. Twenty percent (8) of patients with LLD had an epiphysiodesis at an average age of 11.5±1.4 years.

Conclusion:
This study reported a prevalence of LLD in 14.4% of children with idiopathic clubfoot treated with Ponseti casting. LLD prevalence was higher in children with unilateral and recurrent clubfoot. Up to 20% of children with LLD may require an epiphysiodesis. We recommend that care providers regularly screen children with clubfoot for LLD, particularly those with unilateral and recurrent deformities, and consider obtaining bilateral lower extremity radiographs in patients with clinical LLD.

Level of Evidence:
Level III. Therapeutic studies—investigating the results of treatment.
Outcomes of Single-Sided Thoracic vs. Bilateral Thoracic and Lumbar Anterior Vertebral Body Tethering in Lenke 1 Curves with Lumbar C Modifier
Authors: Pahys Joshua M. , Samdani Amer F. , Quinonez Alejandro , Hwang Steven W. 
Published: January 2025

Study Design:
Retrospective review of a prospectively collected single-center adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) database.

Objective:
To evaluate the outcomes of single-sided thoracic anterior vertebral body tethering (VBT) versus bilateral thoracic/thoracolumbar VBT for the treatment of Lenke 1C type curves, as well as the outcomes of Lenke 1A/B curves compared to 1C curves.

Background:
Lenke 1C curves can be successfully treated with selective thoracic fusion alone. However, there are few data to support whether this classification scheme holds true for VBT in Lenke 1C curves.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 242 consecutive AIS patients with Lenke 1 curves and a minimum two-year follow-up were grouped based on preoperative lumbar modifier A/B (n=163) or C (n=79). The total C group (CTot) was further subdivided into single-sided thoracic VBT (CSing, n=49) and bilateral thoracic and thoracolumbar VBT (CBil, n=30).

Results:
The preoperative lumbar Cobb angle was larger for CBil (47°) than for CSing (36°, P=0.04), but similar at two years postoperative (CBil, 19°; CSing, 19°). Patients with preoperative open triradiate cartilage (TRC) had significantly increased revision rates, primarily for overcorrection, in all groups (A/B, 38%; CSing, 29%; CBil, 89%; P=0.01), compared to preoperative closed TRC (A/B, 10%; CSing, 17%; CBil, 19%). A similar percentage of patients in both groups required subsequent fusion (A/B, 5% vs. CTot, 10%; P=0.1).

Conclusion:
The mean lumbar Cobb angle (19°) and percentage of patients with a lumbar Cobb angle > 35° (10%) were similar for CSing and CBil groups at the latest follow-up. Thus, performing a bilateral VBT did not significantly improve the postoperative lumbar curve magnitude compared with thoracic-only VBT (CSing) in our cohort. There was a non-significant difference in revision rates for A/B vs. C groups (18% vs. 28%), and CSing vs. CBil (20% vs. 40%). Revision rates were threefold higher in all patients with preoperative open TRC.
Using Technique and Technology to Improve Safety and Outcomes in AIS
Authors: Sarwahi Vishal , Eigo Katherine , Rahman Effat , Hasan Sayyida , Visahan Keshin , Lo Yungtai , DiMauro Jon-Paul , Amaral Terry 
Published: January 2025

Study Design.
Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective.
This study aimed to compare outcomes in AIS patients that underwent PSF using either freehand with occasional fluoroscopic assistance (FOFA), computer assisted surgery/navigation (CAS), or technique and technology (T&T).

Summary of Background Data.
Pedicle screw insertion in scoliosis is challenging due to abnormal pedicle morphology. Fluoroscopic guidance was frequently utilized, until technological advancements led to the adaptation of computer assisted screw insertion. While improvement in screw accuracy has been documented, an increase in radiation exposure, surgical time, and blood loss can occur. This institution adopted a T&T, or technique and technology, approach that combines freehand technique with CT-based navigation technology for confirmation and navigation for challenging pedicles.

Methods.
This was a two-part retrospective review of 573 AIS patients that underwent PSF.
Part I: 304 were operated in FOFA. 63 patients were operated on with solely CT-based navigation technology (CAS Group). 206 patients were in T&T. Perioperative outcomes were compared.
Part II: 206 T&T patients were compared to 326 AIS patients from the NSQIP database that were operated on using computer-assisted navigation (CAN). Operative time and 30-day complications were compared.
All data is presented as medians, IQR, frequencies, and percents. Fisher’s Exact, Chi-squared, Kruskal-Wallis, and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used.

Results.
FOFA radiation dose was 2.3 mGy and radiation time was 20.4 seconds compared to 22.2 mGy and 21.6 seconds for CAS, and 15.0 mGy and 18.6 seconds for T&T (P<0.001, P<0.001). Operative time was shorter for the T&T patients when compared to FOFA and CAS (P<0.001).
Part II: T&T had an operative time of 233.0 minutes compared to 323.0 minutes for CAN (P<0.001).

Conclusion.
T&T optimizes screw accuracy while reducing the increased radiation burden and operative time associated with CAS. The T&T approach incorporates CT-based navigation technology as confirmation, while maintaining surgeon’s skill.
Co-infection with hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment
Authors: He Yaozu , Lin Weiyin , Gu Fei , Lan Xianglong , Li Linghua 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Co-infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is common as the modes of disease transmission are similar. HIV affects the development of chronic HBV infection, leading to higher HBV DNA levels, cirrhosis, and end-stage liver duisease, and potentially leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. One of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in HIV-infected individualsis liver disease, despite the administration of antiretroviral therapy for HIV and HBV. Thus, the screening and follow-up of co-infected patients are vital formonitoring of liver disease progression. This study reviews the natural history and pathogenesis of liver disease in the context of HBV/HIV co-infection, current treatments for HBV in patients with HIV, and treatment outcomes in coinfected individuals.
Effect of a calcium-channel blocker and β-blocker combination on reading-to-reading blood pressure variability: a randomized crossover trial
Authors: Xia Jia-Hui , Cheng Yi-Bang , Xu Ting-Yan , Guo Qian-Hui , Chan Chak-Ming , Hu Lei-Xiao , Li Yan , Wang Ji-Guang 
Published: January 2025

Objective
The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of the nitrendipine/atenolol combination in comparison with standard-dose nitrendipine or atenolol monotherapy in reducing blood pressure (BP) and blood pressure variability (BPV) as assessed by ambulatory BP monitoring.

Methods
In a randomized, crossover trial, 32 patients (30–65 years) with grade 1 hypertension and elevated daytime reading-to-reading BPV were randomly assigned to receive either the nitrendipine/atenolol combination (10/20 mg) or standard-dose nitrendipine (10 mg) or atenolol (25 mg) monotherapy for 6 weeks, followed by a crossover to another treatment for 6 weeks.

Results
The final analysis included 31 patients (mean [±SD] age, 49.2 ± 9.6 years) and 12 men. The nitrendipine/atenolol combination significantly reduced from baseline clinic and ambulatory BP and pulse rate (P ≤ 0.002), and 24 h and daytime systolic and diastolic BPV as assessed by SD and average real variability (P ≤ 0.042), but not the coefficient of variation nor nighttime BPV indices (P ≥ 0.06). Significant differences between the nitrendipine/atenolol combination and nitrendipine or atenolol monotherapy at the end of treatment were observed in clinic BP and pulse rate (P ≤ 0.042), but not in 24 h, daytime and nighttime blood pressure and pulse rate, except for daytime DBP and 24 h and daytime pulse rate (P ≤ 0.049). There were no significant differences in BPV between the combination and monotherpy groups at the end of treatment (P ≥ 0.25).

Conclusion
The nitrendipine/atenolol combination reduced daytime reading-to-reading BPV, but did not show superiority to nitrendipine or atenolol monotherapy.
Feasibility of Pure Laparoscopic Donor Right Hepatectomy Compared to Open Donor Right Hepatectomy
Authors: Kim Sang-Hoon , Kim Ki-Hun , Yoon Young-In , Kang Woo-Hyoung , Lee Sang-Kyung , Hwang Shin , Ahn Chul-Soo , Moon Deok-Bog , Ha Tae-Yong , Song Gi-Won , Jung Dong-Hwan , Park Gil-Chun , Kim Ji Hoon , JWA EUN-KYOUNG , Na Byeong-Gon , Kim Sung Min , Oh Rak-Kyun , Jeong I-Ji , Ko Hyo Jung , Choi Minha , Won Dae Hyeon , KANG JI HOON , Lee Sung-Gyu 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This study aimed to compare morbidity of living donors and recipients after pure laparoscopic donor right hepatectomy (PLDRH) and open donor right hepatectomy (ODRH).

Background:
Donor and recipient morbidity have not been sufficiently reported in large-scale comparisons of PLDRH and ODRH.

Methods:
This retrospective study reviewed 3348 donors who underwent PLDRH (n=329) and ODRH (n=3019) and their corresponding recipients (n=3348) between January 2014 and August 2023. Donor complications and recipient biliary complications within 90 days were evaluated before and after 1:3 propensity score mathcing (PSM). Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified significant risk factors for donor major and biliary complications, as well as recipient bile leakage and biliary stricture.

Results:
For donors, PLDRH had fewer overall complications than ODRH (0.9% vs. 3.7%, P=0.009), with no significant differences in major (Clavien-Dindo III/IV) complications (P=0.057) and biliary complications (P=0.067), despite the absence of biliary complications in PLDRH. However, PLDRH showed longer warm ischemic time and operation time, and higher peak aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels compared to ODRH in donors (P<0.001). These results remained consistent after PSM. Recipient biliary complications were comparable between PLDRH and ODRH, both before (P=0.806) and after PSM (P=0.149). Multiple portal veins were significant donor risk foctor for major (P=0.022), and biliary complications (P=0.001). Separated multiple bile ducts were common significant recipient risk factor for bile leakage (P=0.007) and biliary stricture (P=0.022)

Conclusions:
PLDRH could become the standard for donor right hepatectomy with careful consideration of portal and biliary variations for donor and recipient safety.
Pancreatic Fistula and Intraabdominal Fluid Collections after Distal Pancreatectomy
Authors: Pitakteerabundit Thakerng , Fagenholz Peter J. , Luckhurst Casey M. , Srinivas Rao Shravya , Kambadakone Avinash , Warshaw Andrew L. , Lillemoe Keith D. , Qadan Motaz , Fernandez-del Castillo Carlos 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
To investigate the incidence and management of pancreatic fistula and fluid collections (FC) after distal pancreatectomy (DP).

Summary Background Data:
Pancreatic fistula and FC are common after DP. The relationship between pancreatic fistula, FC, and surgical drain placement remains unclear.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent DP at a single institution between June 2000 and August 2023.

Results:
1,212 patients were reviewed. Amongst them, 300 (24.9%) developed a biochemical leak, and 162 (13.4%) developed a postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF). Of the 949 patients who had at least one postoperative cross-sectional imaging, 500 (52.7%) had a FC. Most FCs were asymptomatic (68%); however, when associated with POPF, the majority (n=121, 89%) became symptomatic and required treatment. Patients with POPF were significantly more likely to develop FC (OR 9.49), whereas biochemical leakage did not significantly increase this risk. Surgical drains did not significantly decrease the likelihood of FC (52% vs. 66%, P=0.06), but did increase POPF (13.9% vs. 4.7%, P<0.001) and the need for intervention for FC (33.6% vs. 12.9%, P=0.019).

Conclusions:
FC develop in over half of the patients undergoing DP, with approximately one-fourth of these cases associated with POPF. In most instances, FC remain asymptomatic; however, when linked to POPF, they are nine times more likely to become symptomatic and require therapeutic intervention. Although surgical drain placement may not contribute to FC, it was associated with a higher rate of POPF.
Improving sleep quality in maternity patients in a Singapore academic hospital: a best practice implementation project
Authors: Woo Tiffany Mei Ling , Lim Joanne Siew Hui , Begum Shafiqa , Goh Mien Li 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Prolonged sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality are common complaints among pregnant and postpartum women, and they have adverse effects on the physiological and psychological well-being of mothers antenatally and postnatally.

Objectives:
The aim of this project was to improve antenatal and postnatal mothers’ night-time sleep quality during hospitalization in an obstetric ward through multi-faceted interventions.

Methods:
This project followed the JBI Model of Evidence-based Healthcare and applied the seven phases of the JBI Evidence Implementation Framework to conduct context analysis, strategy implementation, and review of practice using evidence-based audit criteria. JBI's Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and the Getting Research into Practice situational analysis tool were used to support data collection and identify barriers and strategies. Mothers’ sleep quality was measured using an adapted St. Mary's Hospital Sleep Questionnaire.

Results:
Baseline audit results (0%) revealed that midwives and nurses were not implementing the multi-faceted interventions to promote sleep in mothers. The results in follow-up audit 1 and follow-up audit 2 achieved compliance of 63.3% (p < 0.000), respectively. Overall, the mothers were fairly satisfied with their sleep quality, were able to sleep longer, and felt more alert when waking up in the morning.

Conclusions:
There was an increase in compliance with best practices to improve mothers’ sleep quality in the obstetric wards, although these results could be further improved. Mothers’ perspectives of sleep promotion strategies should be explored in future projects to tailor the strategies to their needs. Sustainability plans include conducting follow-up audits and engaging ward nurses to continue implementing the multi-faceted interventions.

Spanish abstract:

http://links.lww.com/IJEBH/A307