bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the potential of benzoxazine-based nanocomposites for lightweight neutron shielding applications
Authors: Abdous Slimane , Derradji Mehdi , Mekhalif Zineb , Khiari Karim , Mehelli Oussama , Bourenane Cherif Younes 
Published: May 2023

Given their substantial neutron capture cross-section, extreme hardness, and high chemical and thermal stability, boron-based materials are widely used as building blocks to protect against highly ionizing radiations such as gamma rays and neutrons. Indeed, uncontrolled nuclear radiation exposure can be highly hazardous to radiation workers and the general public. In this sense, this work presents an extensive study and experimental evaluation of the nuclear shielding features of boron carbide (B4C) based nanocomposite, where bisphenol-A based polybenzoxazine (BA-PBz) was used as matrix. The latter was used for its wide range of interesting properties that overcome some of the shortcomings of conventional phenolic resins. A two-pot synthesis process was adopted for the synthesis of (BA-Bz) monomer. Moreover, the boron carbide nanoparticles were treated with a silane (KH-560) coupling agent in order to improve the intramolecular interactions with the polymeric matrix. The neutron shielding studies were carried out at the Nuclear Research reactor of Algeria NUR. The results showed that the developed boron carbide-based nanocomposite exhibits intriguing shielding performances and good thermal stability. The highest performances were obtained at a B4C concentration of 5. wt %, where the macroscopic cross section was found to be (Σ = 3.3878 cm−1) with a screening ratio of (S = 97.78%).
Cooling characteristics of dilution holes in can-type combustor of micro gas turbine
Authors: Wang Luyu , Liu Jiang , Wang Yunyun , Fu Zaiguo , Weng Peifen 
Published: May 2023

For the purpose of studying the effect of structural changes in the dilution zone on the main performance evaluation parameters of the combustor, a can-type combustor of a micro gas turbine containing 16 dilution holes was used as the original structure. Seven optimization cases were designed by adjusting the number of dilution holes and the area of single hole in the range of hole numbers from 8 to 28 while keeping the total area of dilution holes. The main conclusions obtained by the numerical simulation study are as follows. The total flow of the dilution zone decreases with the number of holes reduce but due to the increase of single hole flow with the area, the airflow rigidity is significantly enhanced, so the entire airflow is disturbed more strongly and the dilution effect is strengthened. In general, the total pressure loss of the combustor presented an increasing trend with the decrease in the number of holes, and the pressure loss reaches a minimum value of 3400 Pa when the number of holes is 14. The combustion efficiency decreased as the number of holes increased, when the hole numbers increased to 20, the combustion efficiency dropped abruptly below 95%. The variation tendency of outlet temperature distribution factor (OTDF) is generally consistent with the combustion efficiency, and the minimum OTDF is 0.29 for the number of holes of 28. In summary, compared with the original structure with 16 holes, the OTDF decreases by 7.69%, the NOx concentration decreases by 16.67%, and the combustion efficiency increases by 3.1% when the number of holes is 8. Although the total pressure loss is increased by 8%, it is still within a reasonable range. Therefore the combustor with 8 holes can be considered a better optimized case.
Numerical study on the effect of different internal angled ribs on the external film cooling performance
Authors: Cheng Xiang , Yu Qiu-Nan , Ji Wen-Tao , Wu Jun-Mei , He Ya-Ling , Tao Wen-Quan 
Published: May 2023

For the blades of gas turbine, the traditional internal ribs have a great impact on the film cooling heat transfer of blade external surface. In this study, SST k-ω turbulence coupled with transition model is adopted to study the effects of angled ribbed passages on external flow and heat transfer characteristics. The detailed flow characteristics were analyzed for two vertically placed flat-plate channels with the blowing ratios of 0.5∼2. The computational model includes a single film hole ( D = 20 mm) with a jet angle of 35°. Four different rib orientations in the secondary flow channels are designed. They are no rib, oblique rib 1 (30° angle from the horizontal line), oblique rib 2 (symmetrical to oblique rib 1), and straight rib. Compared with ribless channel, the average adiabatic film cooling effectiveness of straight rib, Oblique rib 1, Oblique rib 2 are 2.3, 2.2, and 1.9 times higher at different Reynolds numbers, respectively. Taking the film hole as the origin, Oblique rib 2 can greatly improve the overall cooling effectiveness. Oblique rib 1 can improve the cooling effectiveness of the farther downstream wall surface. The comparison of film cooling efficiency, coolant coverage area, flow behavior inside the film hole and that in the downstream, heat transfer and transition behavior for different channels are also analyzed separately. Through the investigations, it helps to understand the effects of internal rib angle on the flow, friction factor and heat transfer outside the film holes.
Ethics education: Nurse educators’ main concern and their teaching strategies
Authors: Jahangasht Ghoozlu Khadije , Vanaki Zohreh , Mohammad Khan Kermanshahi Sima 
Published: May 2023

Background To practice nursing ethics, students must first understand the ethical concepts and principles of their profession, but despite this knowledge, students face challenges in implementing ethical principles in clinical settings. The educational performance of nurse educators is critical in resolving these challenges. This study focused on the lived experiences of nurse educators. Objective To address the main concern of educators when teaching ethics to undergraduate nursing students and how they deal with it. Research Design We conducted this qualitative content analysis in Iran in 2020. We used individual semi-structured interviews to collect, record, and transcribe data, as well as Graneheim and Lundman method to analyze them. Participants and research context: We used purposive sampling to select 11 nurse educators who either were currently in the position of ethics educators or had taught ethics from Iranian universities of medical sciences. Ethical considerations The present study received the code of ethics No. IR.MODARES.REC.1399.036. Participants were aware of the study’s purpose and signed a consent form to participate in the study. We considered data confidentiality and the voluntary principle in data collection. Findings Nurse educators’ main concern was how to sensitize students to ethical principles in clinical settings, so they tried to involve students in the teaching process, to repeat and practice ethical principles and concepts, simplify and simulate ethical principles and concepts, and provide opportunities for students to gain clinical experiences. Discussion To sensitize students to ethical nursing care, nurse educators try to institutionalize ethical principles using different teaching methods, including students' involvement in teaching, experiential learning through simulated situations, practice, repetition, and provision of opportunities for practice and experience. Conclusion Improving students’ cognitive ability and objectifying moral concepts and principles for students will institutionalize moral values in them that are fundamental for their moral sensitization.
Comparison of Intermediate-Term Clinical Outcomes Between Medial and Lateral Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus Treated With Autologous Osteochondral Transplantation
Authors: Choi Seung-Myung , Cho Byung-Ki , Kang Chan , Min Chan-Hong 
Published: May 2023

Background: The conventional operative method to treat an osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) is through bone marrow stimulation (BMS). Autologous osteochondral transplantation (AOT) is being used as an alternative option in cases with a large OLT, accompanying subchondral cyst, and/or failed BMS. We aimed to compare the intermediate-term clinical and radiologic results between medial and lateral OLTs after an AOT procedure. Methods: Among the patients who underwent AOT, 45 cases with at least 3 years’ follow-up were included in this retrospective study. We had 15 cases of lateral lesions and selected 30 cases of medial lesions matched for age and gender. Lateral lesions were resurfaced without an osteotomy; medial lesion resurfacing was combined with a medial malleolar osteotomy. Clinical assessment was performed using the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). Radiographic assessment included the irregularity of articular surface (subchondral plate), the progression of degenerative arthritis, and the change of the talar tilt. Results: The mean FAOS and FAAM scores significantly improved after surgery in both groups. Up to 1 year postoperatively, there was significant difference in FAAM scores between the both groups (mean 75.3 points in medial group and 87.2 points in lateral group, P < .001). Delayed union or malunion of the malleolar osteotomy was found in 4 cases (13%) in the medial group. In addition, the progression of joint degeneration was observed in 3 cases (10%) in the medial group. There were no significant differences in the irregularity of articular surface and the change of talar tilt between both groups. Conclusion: A comparison between medial and lateral OLTs treated with AOT demonstrated comparable intermediate-term clinical outcomes. However, patients with medial OLT required a longer period to restore ability for daily and sport activities. In addition, we found more complications and higher rate of progression in the radiologic arthritis grade after medial malleolar osteotomy. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective comparative study.
FOLFIRI-bevacizumab-induced acute toxic leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Sertesen Elif , Öztaş Ali , Karaçin Cengiz , Yoloğlu Zeynel 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Acute toxic leukoencephalopathy (ATL) is a rare complication of cancer treatment, with symptoms varying from mild cognitive impairment to coma. Recognition and management of ATL are important because in most cases, the cessation of the responsible agent is essential. Case report We report a case of a 57-year-old male with relapsed right colon cancer who had multiple steps of chemotherapy, admitted to the emergency department (ED) with confusion and inability to talk, 4 days after FOLFIRI and bevacizumab treatment. To exclude cerebrovascular events cranial computed tomography and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging were evaluated. There was bilateral and symmetric diffusion restriction on white matter, which was consistent with ATL. Management and outcome Supportive treatment such as optimization of blood pressure and metabolic control was applied since there is no specific treatment for ATL other than cessation of the responsible agents. 12 days after the admission to the ED his neurologic symptoms were normalized and there was no diffusion restriction on control imaging. Discussion ATL is a rare complication of cancer treatment and responsible agents are increasing in number due to the development of cancer treatment. ATL is associated with drugs that are used frequently such as 5-fluorouracil. ATL is mostly reversible, but the progression of neurologic symptoms was also reported. The diagnosis and cessation of the responsible agent are important in management.
Airflow distribution in hospital isolation rooms with different ventilation and exhaust vent configurations
Authors: Almhafdy Abdulbasit , Korany Hussein Z , AlSaleem Saleem S , Cao Shi-Jie 
Published: May 2023

Negative pressure isolation rooms can accommodate and treat patients with highly infectious diseases (such as COVID-19). Airtight conditions in the isolation room protect against infectious diseases. To control airflow and minimize infection risk within the isolation room, this study proposes three exhaust outlet vents with three air change per hour (ACH) conditions, 12, 24 and 48 ACH, in a single-bed hospital room using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. Results show that using the same ACH air velocity is relatively unaffected by the type and location of the exhaust air vent. The current case, case 1 and case 2 had average velocities of 0.121, 0.130 and 0.116, respectively. When the ACH was increased to 48, the average velocity was decreased to 0.663 m/s in case 1 and 0.589 m/s in case 2, compared to 0.711 m/s in the current case. In terms of infection probability, the study found that in the scenario of 12 ACH, the infection probability for case 1 and case 2 was increased by 11.85% and 3.96%, respectively, compared to the current case. The exhaust air vent in case 2 could effectively prevent the spread of pollutants when it was set to 48 air changes per hour and had the lowest risk level at 10.11%.
Protective effect of dexmedetomidine on Tourniquet induced lung injury in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty: A randomized trial
Authors: Cheng Wenjie , Zhang Jizheng , Wu Zhe , Sun Xiaohua , Ren Wanlu 
Published: May 2023

Objective To investigate whether dexmedetomidine (Dex) can reduce the severity of tourniquet-induced lung injury. Methods 36 patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty with a tourniquet were randomly assigned to the control (ischemia/reperfusion [I/R]) group and Dex group. Patients in the Dex group received a loading dose of Dex (0.8 μg/kg over 10 min intravenously) followed by continuous infusion of Dex (0.5 μg/kg/h intravenously) until the end of the surgery. The I/R group received an equal amount of 0.9% saline instead of Dex. The serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Clara cell protein (CC-16), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured and arterial blood gas analysis was performed before anesthesia and 30 min, 6 h, and 24 h after tourniquet release. Results In the I/R group, compared with baseline, the TNF-α, CC-16, and sRAGE concentrations were higher ( p < 0.05) and the BDNF concentration was lower ( p < 0.05) at most time points. In the Dex group, the TNF-α, CC-16, and sRAGE concentrations were lower than those in the I/R group ( p < 0.05), whereas the concentration of BDNF was higher ( p < 0.05). In the arterial blood gas analysis, the Dex group showed a significantly higher partial pressure of oxygen and arterial/alveolar oxygen tension ratio ( p < 0.05) and a significantly lower alveolar/arterial oxygen tension difference than the I/R group ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Dex administration partly inhibits the release of proinflammatory cytokines, affording protection against tourniquet-induced lung injury.
Patterns of acceptance and use of digital health services among the persistent frequent attenders of outpatient care: A qualitatively driven multimethod analysis
Authors: Virtanen Lotta , Kaihlanen Anu-Marja , Kainiemi Emma , Saukkonen Petra , Heponiemi Tarja 
Published: May 2023

Objective Utilising digital health services in the treatment of patients who frequently attend outpatient care could be beneficial for patients’ health and the sustainability of health systems but carries the risk of digital exclusion. This study aimed to explore the patterns of acceptance and use of digital health services among frequent attenders (FAs), which may help in the assessment of patients’ digital suitability. Methods Persistent FAs ( N = 30) were recruited by random sampling from one Finnish municipality. The semistructured interviews were conducted in February–May 2021. We analysed the data with qualitative content analysis using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. Additionally, we quantified the data for two-step cluster analyses to create separate cluster models that grouped FAs based on acceptance and use of (a) digital services for self-management of health and (b) telemedicine services. Results Based on digital self-management, FAs were defined as Self-Managers, Supported Self-Managers, and Non-Self-Managers. Based on telemedicine use, they were grouped into Telemedicine Users, Doubtful Telemedicine Users, and Telemedicine Refusers. The clusters described different opportunities, awareness, and interest in using digital health services. Referral from professionals seemed to promote digital service use. For some, digital services were not accessible. Conclusions Our findings emphasise the importance of assessing the suitability of FAs to digital health services, as their readiness to use may vary. Professionals should recommend digital services that support individual health to suitable patients. More accessible digital services could promote digital suitability despite functional limitations.
Associations between health literacy, digital skill, and eHealth literacy among older Chinese adults: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Shaojie , Cui Guanghui , Yin Yongtian , Xu Huilan 
Published: May 2023

Objective Digital divide in health-related technology use is a prominent issue for older adults. Improving eHealth literacy may be an important solution to this problem. This study aimed to explore the associations between health literacy, digital skills, and eHealth literacy among older Chinese adults. Methods A total of 2,144 older adults (mean age, 72.01  ±  6.96 years) from Jinan City, China participated in this study. The eHealth Literacy Scale was used to measure eHealth literacy in older adults. A linear regression model was used to analyze the associations among health literacy, digital skills, and eHealth literacy in older Chinese adults. Results The mean eHealth literacy score of the older adults was 17.56  ±  9.61. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and experience of Internet usage, the results of the linear regression showed that health literacy ( B  =  0.258, 95% confidence interval (CI)  =  0.215–0.302, P< 0.001) and digital skills ( B  =  0.654, 95% CI  =  0.587–0.720, P < 0.001) were positively associated with eHealth literacy. Sensitivity analyses revealed that this association remained robust. Conclusions The level of eHealth literacy in older Chinese adults is low. Health literacy and digital skills are associated with eHealth literacy in older adults. In the future, eHealth literacy intervention research should be considered from the perspective of health literacy and digital skills.
Using less keystrokes to achieve high top-1 accuracy in Chinese clinical text entry
Authors: Li Tao , Yu Lei , Zhou Liang , Wang Panzhang 
Published: May 2023

Background As a routine task, physicians spend substantial time and keystrokes on text entry. Documentation burden is increasingly associated with physician burnout. Predicting at top-1 with less keystrokes (TLKs) is a hot topic for smart text entry. In Western countries, contextual autocomplete is deployed to alleviate the burden. Chinese text entry is intercepted by input method engines (IMEs), which cut off suggestions from electronic health records (EHRs). Objective To explore a user-friendly approach to make text entry easier and faster for Chinese physicians. Methods Physicians were shadowed to uncover the real-word input behaviors. System logs were collected for behavior validation and then used for context-based learning. An in-line web-based popup layer was proposed to hold the best suggestion from EHRs. Keystrokes per character and TLK rate were evaluated quantitatively. Questionnaires were used for qualitative assessment. Nine hundred fifty-two physicians were enrolled in a field testing. Results 14 facilitators and 17 barriers related to IMEs were identified after shadowing. With system logs, physicians tended to split long words into short units, which were 1–4 in length. 81.7% of these units were disyllables. Compared to the control group, the intervention group improved TLK rate by 40.3% ( p < .0001), and reduced keystrokes per character by 48.3% ( p < .0001). Survey results also promised positive feedback from physicians. Conclusions Keystroke burden and frequent choice reaction time challenge Chinese physicians for text entry. The proposed system demonstrates an approach to alleviate the burden. Contextual information is easily retrieved and it further helps improve the top-1 accuracy, with a smaller number of keystrokes. While positive feedback is received, it promises a benefit to protect patient privacy.
Genetic and protein interaction studies between the ciliary dyslexia candidate genes DYX1C1 and DCDC2
Authors: Bieder Andrea , Chandrasekar Gayathri , Wason Arpit , Erkelenz Steffen , Gopalakrishnan Jay , Kere Juha , Tapia-Páez Isabel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
DYX1C1 (DNAAF4) and DCDC2 are two of the most replicated dyslexia candidate genes in genetic studies. They both have demonstrated roles in neuronal migration, in cilia growth and function and they both are cytoskeletal interactors. In addition, they both have been characterized as ciliopathy genes. However, their exact molecular functions are still incompletely described. Based on these known roles, we asked whether DYX1C1 and DCDC2 interact on the genetic and the protein level.

Results
Here, we report the physical protein-protein interaction of DYX1C1 and DCDC2 as well as their respective interactions with the centrosomal protein CPAP (CENPJ) on exogenous and endogenous levels in different cell models including brain organoids. In addition, we show a synergistic genetic interaction between dyx1c1 and dcdc2b in zebrafish exacerbating the ciliary phenotype. Finally, we show a mutual effect on transcriptional regulation among DYX1C1 and DCDC2 in a cellular model.

Conclusions
In summary, we describe the physical and functional interaction between the two genes DYX1C1 and DCDC2. These results contribute to the growing understanding of the molecular roles of DYX1C1 and DCDC2 and set the stage for future functional studies.
Identification of Vitis vinifera MYB transcription factors and their response against grapevine berry inner necrosis virus
Authors: Wang Xianyou , Zhao Shanshan , Zhou Ruijin , Liu Yunli , Guo Longlong , Hu Huiling 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The myeloblastosis (MYB) superfamily is the largest transcription factor family in plants that play diverse roles during stress responses. However, the biotic stress-responsive MYB transcription factors of the grapevine have not been systematically studied. In China, grapevine berries are often infected with the grapevine berry inner necrosis virus (GINV), which eventually reduces the nutritional quality and commodity value.

Results
The present study identified and characterized 265 VvMYB or VvMYB-related genes of the “Crimson seedless” grapevine. Based on DNA-binding domain analysis, these VvMYB proteins were classified into four subfamilies, including MYB-related, 2R-MYB, 3R-MYB, and 4R-MYB. Phylogenetic analysis divided the MYB transcription factors into 26 subgroups. Overexpression of VvMYB58 suppressed GINV abundance in the grapevine. Further qPCR indicated that among 41 randomly selected VvMYB genes, 12 were induced during GINV infection, while 28 were downregulated. These findings suggest that VvMYB genes actively regulate defense response in the grapevine.

Conclusion
A deeper understanding of the MYB TFs engaged in GINV defense response will help devise better management strategies. The present study also provides a foundation for further research on the functions of the MYB transcription factors.