bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping absorption dose in proton therapy of lung cancer using MCNP-6 code
Authors: Riyatun  , Sabila AH , Weni AP , Darmanto  
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Simulations by the MCNP6 code for proton therapy succeeded in mapping the absorbed dose in lung cancer. Proton therapy simulation using active scanning method with 9 disc-shaped sources with a diameter of 0.4 cm. Mono directional beams to cancer cells at a depth of 7.9 – 9.4 cm from the skin, while the distance from the skin to the source is 14.35 cm. Cubic cancer cells measuring (1.5 x 1.5 x 1.5) cm3 were scanned by proton beams of 94 MeV and 104 MeV. The position of the largest absorbed dose of proton therapy is the position of the formation of the Bragg peak. Evaluation of the 94 MeV proton beam showed that the Bragg peak was at a depth of 7.65 cm, meaning in front of the cancer position. While in the 104 MeV beam, the Bragg peak is at a depth of 9.15 cm or is behind the position of the placed cancer. This dose is mapped on a cross-sectional graph of cancer cells so that an overview of the dose distribution is obtained in each part of the cancer cell. While the Bragg peak position from irradiation with an energy of 104 MeV fell on the back cancer cells or at a depth of 9.15 cm from the skin surface. From the position of the Bragg peak on the two irradiation energies, it can be concluded that these two energies have not given the optimum dose to cancer cells. We require irradiation with proton energy variations or setting the distance of the source in order to achieve a good isodose in cancer cells.
Revisiting the charmonium spectra within the non-relativistic framework using the Matrix Numerov method
Authors: Alam I S , Maywenson S B 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Charmonium is a composite particle composed of charm and anti-charm quark. Studying spectroscopy on charmonium is one effort to understand the strong interactions. In this study, the mass spectrum of the charmonium is modeled within a non-relativistic framework. As a result, we can use the Schrödinger equation to describe the charmonium system. The results obtained with the non-relativistic framework are reasonable for charmonium because the charm mass is relatively large compared to the quark mass from the first generation. Potential energy for charmonium is composed of phenomenological potential, known as Cornell potential, and terms containing spin-spin interactions. We obtain various charmonium masses by solving the Schrödinger equation using the Matrix Numerov method. The parameters that appear in the potential are adjusted by comparing our calculation of charmonium masses with the data of the charmonium spectra from the particle data group (PDG). When we look at the PDG data, we can see that there are still many charmonia whose quantum numbers are unknown. The results from the model can then predict the quantum number of the charmonia.
Photoacoustic microscopy system for biological tissue imaging
Authors: Gustin Nurdialit Dwi , Mujtahid Anas Ahmad , Mitrayana Mitrayana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A photoacoustic microscopy system was created and examined for biological tissue. Characterization of microphone, laser, and motor stepper was done to get the most appropriate setting for the system. The object table is set in a static state in the scanning process while the radiation sources and detector move in the X-Y direction. The hardware components in this system consist of photoacoustic signal generation components, mechanical components, and photoacoustic signal detection components. The hardware components are integrated and controlled by the computer through the Raspberry-pi microcomputer software. The characterization results of the photoacoustic image system obtained the optimum system setting for detecting biological tissue, namely the frequency of the diode laser in the range of 19 kHz with a duty cycle of 30%, with a minimum motor shift of 0.2 mm. This system can image the same biological tissue as the original sample with good image contrast. The smallest sample that can be scanned is 0.75 mm. The photoacoustic penetration depth is 0.5 mm.
Design and realization of a mobile-automatic calibration system for ventilator testers: oxygen concentration
Authors: Samodro R A , Ginanjar G , Prihhapso Y , Azzumar M , Hafid  , Bakti A N , Hidayat S W , Ardiatna W. , Budiman H. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ventilators have a vital role in supplying oxygen to the patients experiencing respiratory failure and ensuring the patient’s oxygen saturation to levels above 50% continuously. Therefore, the accuracy of oxygen concentration measurement becomes very important to assure patient safety obtained by testing the ventilator against a ventilator tester. Testing and calibration laboratory use a ventilator tester for routine calibration of health facilities as well as performance and clinical testing for emergency ventilators that developed massively these days. A mobile-ventilator tester calibration system for oxygen levels, especially for concentrations of 30%, 60%, and 90% according to SNI ISO 80601-2-12:2020, is being developed. This calibration system is designed to operate automatically based on Laboratory virtual instruments engineering workbench (LabVIEW) to control the instrumentation system and perform data acquisition of (oxygen concentration) readings. Three concentrations of oxygen gas reference are stored each on 2 L gas reservoirs to ease the mobilization of the system to testing and calibration laboratory. Hopefully, the traceability to International System of Units (SI) for the ventilator tester can be realized with this calibration system, thus can improve the quality of health services and increase the competitiveness of nationally produced medical devices. Although some improvements are required, the prototype of the calibrator works appropriately as intended.
Decomposition and characterization of bio-oil from coconut shell waste for bio-coke hybrid application as alternative energy resources
Authors: Jahiding M , Mashuni Mashuni , Hasan Erzam S , Aba La , Purnamasari F S , Milen Yuke 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Bioenergy sources continue to be developed to solve environmental problems due to agricultural biomass waste and alternative energy sources. Bioenergy from biomass raw materials through the pyrolysis method is a thermochemical conversion technology that produces bio-oil and bio-char. The conversion process of coconut shell (CS) biomass with a size of 60 mesh at a temperature of 500-700°C without adding a catalyst. The results showed that the optimum decomposition process occurred at a temperature of 700°C. Based on the GC-MS analysis of bio-oil from CS, the compound consisting of 58.18% phenol, 18.86% 2.6 dimethoxy-phenol, 1.35% 1-(acetyloxy)-2-propanone, 6.57% 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxytoluene and 2.55% 4-ethyl-2,6-methoxy-phenol was obtained. While the SEM-EDS characterization of bio-char contains the main constituent elements, including 94.37% carbon and minor elements consisting of 5.50% oxygen, 0.09% sodium and 0.05% chlorine. Comprehensive analysis shows that pyrolysis is an efficient and sustainable method for converting CS biomass into material for hybrid bio-coke applications as an alternative renewable energy source.
The implementation of well logging method, geochemical analysis, and seismic method to determine source rock potentials at field “X”, Northeast Java Basin
Authors: Dewanto Ordas , Catur Wibowo Rahmat , Darsono  , Claudia Eka Putri Aryka 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEast Java is an area with the potential to produce oil and gas. Oil and gas are hydrocarbon mix produced from the subsurface, sourced from matured organic materials, and migrated to be drilled to be produced into oil and gas. The methods to explore oil and gas are well logging and seismic methods. Combining both methods can obtain vertical and horizontal subsurface information. The study was performed by analyzing secondary data processing results of wells, seismic data, and ko chemistry data. Geochemical data were used to analyze source rock potentials in the study area. Source rock is rock containing organic materials to produce hydrocarbons. Therefore, this study aimed to determine source rock potentials. Using the three methods, it concludes that Field “X” as the study site in the northeast Java, can produce hydrocarbons on the northwest region of the study area because the source rock zone at Field “X” has a 3.87% TOC with type II kerogen. Although the source rock is immature, it can produce oil and gas.
Robust eVTOL trajectory optimization under uncertainties – Challenges and approaches
Authors: Akman T , Schweighofer F , Afonso R J M , Ben-Asher J Z , Holzapfel F 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the paper at hand an overview of the problem of eVTOL trajectory optimization by means of optimal control methods is given. Especially the question of how to robustly optimize trajectories under uncertainties is discussed. The inherent instability of typical eVTOL configurations in hover and transition represents a significant challenge for robust trajectory optimization. We pinpoint specific arising issues and survey potential solutions.
Solving an optimal control problem of complex heat transfer using machine learning methods
Authors: Kuznetsov K S , Amosova E V , Yu Chebotarev A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The problems of the non-stationary complex heat transfer have been considered in the work. An optimization algorithm based on machine learning methods has been proposed. The algorithm uses a neural network trained on a dataset of numerical experiments to predict the value of a chosen quality functional. Dual annealing method has been used to minimize neural network prediction function while varying boundary parameters. The obtained results are verified by comparison with numerical experiments.
In silico studies of bacterial quorum sensing during population dynamics: simulations by using COMSOL Multiphysics
Authors: Maslovskaya A G , Kuttler Ch , Shuai Y 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the present study, computing techniques are designated and employed in order to analyze “quorum sensing” as a special case of cell-to-cell bacterial communication attributed to the Pseudomonas bacterial genus. One of the challenges consists in predicting the concentration of key substances characterizing the “quorum level” during bacterial population dynamics. To estimate relevant characteristics of bacterial communication, we applied a deterministic approach. The mathematical model is formalized as an initial-boundary value problem for a system of semilinear partial differential equations supplemented by the procedure to specify the multiphase dynamics of bacterial populations. The finite element solution of the problem is obtained by COMSOL Multiphysics. The comparative numerical analysis for various types of space approximation of bacterial density is performed. A series of computational experiments were conducted to estimate changes in concentrations of chemical compounds during the Pseudomonas putida population dynamics.
Semantic approach for solving the decision problem in natural language
Authors: Strübbe S , Sidorenko I , Grünwald A , Lampe R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Every language, whether formal or natural, has a corresponding decision problem, the problem of whether a statement is well-formed and a valid sentence of the language. While compilers usually solve the decision problem for a computer language during compilation, there is no mathematical method to solve the decision problem in natural language. Although a human can use natural language grammar to reason whether a sentence is correct, computers have problems with this because natural language grammar is not a closed theory. We show that the decision problem for the German language can not be solved entirely by phrase structure grammar, dependency parsing or grammar checkers and develop a parser for the German language, which solves the decision problem for that language using a new semantic approach.
Sensitivity analysis of the energy balance of dynamic soaring
Authors: Zwenig A , Hong H , Holzapfel F 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Dynamic soaring is a periodic flying technique observed in large seabirds that enables the extraction of energy from wind and thereby facilitates covering large distances with minimum effort. It requires wind shears as seen close to the ocean surface or behind mountain ridges. At sufficiently strong winds it becomes feasible to extract at least the amount of energy required for overcoming the aircraft’s dissipation. This situation is often referred to as energy-neutral dynamic soaring and would theoretically enable an abiding effortless flight. An energy-neutral dynamic soaring cycle has already been formulated and solved as a parametric optimal control problem. Due to the inherent variability of the wind, the sensitivity of the energy balance of an open type dynamic soaring cycle to wind conditions will be investigated within this work. Of particular interest is the wind direction and the wind speed. To expose the parameters with the strongest influence for some given conditions, state sensitivities will be computed after the optimization by applying the sensitivity differential equation approach.
Development of low-cost digital gamma spectrometer using ARM Cortex-M Type Microcontroller Unit
Authors: Shaker Hesham H. , Kasban H. , Saleh A.A. , Dessouky M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Recently, digital gamma spectrometers have replaced analog
ones due to their durability, flexibility, and compact size. The
main part of the digital gamma spectrometer is the digital pulse
processing (DPP) unit. The implementation of the DPP unit using the
ARM Cortex-M-based microcontroller units is a recent attractive
approach. This originates from their advanced features and low
cost. In this paper, we propose an implementation of the DPP unit
using the ARM Cortex-M3-based microcontroller unit. The targeted
detector with this implementation is the sodium iodide
detector. However, this implementation is based on less than 2 MS/s
sampling rate, it is guaranteed experimentally to cope with input
count rates up to 47 kC/s. This results from our specific proposed
methodology for extracting pulse height from the trapezoidal-shaped
pulses.
Design considerations and experimental investigations on fiber ball lens systems for optical metrology
Authors: Brueckner Hans Josef , Chai Lo Yat , Tiedeken Sabine , Braun Volker , Teubner Ulrich 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Optical fibers play an important role in general and, in particular, in the field of sensors. As part of a sensor system, quite often fibers are coupled by a ball lens. For efficient usage, the fiber ball lens systems (FBLSs) have to be optimized. The present work presents analytic expressions for the design parameters of such systems. FBLSs comprise sections of a single-mode optical fiber, a coreless fiber (CLF) and a ball lens. Their geometric dimensions have to be optimized for their use in different applications in optical metrology. The derived expressions facilitate the optimum parameter choice, which is usually done by expensive numerical simulations. For comparison and validation of the results by experiments, FBLSs with different ball lens radii and CLF sections have been prepared by a fusion splicer technique. Their characteristics were investigated in the optical spectral ranges at 630 nm and 1550 nm. Experimental methods comprising far-field, near-field and reflection/transmission measurements with optical fibers validate the theoretical considerations. To our knowledge, this is the first time that simple analytic approaches have been applied to the fabrication of FBLSs. This facilitates and quickens their general design for different applications in optical metrology significantly.
GJB2 p.V37I Mutation Associated With Moderate Nonsyndromic Hearing Loss in an Adult Taiwanese Population
Authors: Yen Ting-Ting , Chen I-Chieh , Cho Sudi , Chang Ting-Gang , Shih Kai-Hsiang , Hua Men-Wei , Li Jui-Lin , Hsu Chiann-Yi , Hsiao Tzu-Hung , Chen Yi-Ming 
Published: June 2023

Background:

Gap junction protein beta 2 (GJB2) p.V37I mutations are the most important hereditary cause of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) in Taiwan. Hearing outcomes are associated with hearing levels at baseline and the duration of follow-up. However, the audiological features of GJB2 p.V37I mutations in the adult population are unknown. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the audiological features, progression rate, and allele frequency of GJB2 p.V37I mutations among an adult Taiwanese population.

Methods:
Subjects of this case–control study were chosen from 13,580 participants of the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative. The genetic variations of GJB2 p.V37I were determined by polymerase chain reaction. We analyzed existing pure-tone threshold data from 38 individuals who were homozygous or compound heterozygotes for GJB2 p.V37I, 129 who were heterozygotes, and 602 individuals who were wild-type. Phenome-wide association studies (PheWAS) analysis was also performed to identify phenotypes associated with GJB2 p.V37I.

Results:
The minor allele frequency of GJB2 p.V37I was 0.92% in our study population. The mean hearing level of participants with a p.V37I mutation indicated moderate to severe hearing loss with 38.2% ± 22.3% binaural hearing impairment. GJB2 p.V37I was associated with an increased risk of hearing disability (odds ratio: 21.46, 95% confidence interval: 8.62 to 53.44, p < 0.001) in an autosomal recessive pattern. In addition, PheWAS discovered a significant association between GJB2 p.V37I and fracture of the humerus. GJB2 p.V37I is a pathogenic and prevalent variant of SNHL among the adult population.

Conclusions:
The present study recommends patients with known GJB2 p.V37I mutations receive regular audiometric evaluation and genetic counseling. Early assistive listening device intervention is suggested to improve the quality of hearing.
Honoring Grief Journeys Following the Death of a Loved One
Authors: Hooten Phyllis Ann , Leschber Tiffany 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT:
Nurses, regardless of the healthcare setting, have numerous opportunities for interacting with those who are grieving. The purpose of this article is to help honor and support those who are on a grief journey following the death of a loved one. Caring for the grieving involves offering the ministry of presence, awareness of both established and individualized grief responses, planning interventions for loneliness and isolation, and navigating through special occasions. Praying and sharing Scripture and encouraging time alone in God's presence can be integral in helping the bereaved meet spiritual needs.
A Testimony of Christian Drug Rehabilitation
Authors: Yeh Pi-Ming 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT:
Drug addiction is at crisis level in the United States. Nurses caring for persons affected by substance use disorder (SUD) have a resource in Mr. Ming Ho Liu's testimony on Good TV (Taiwan)—translated and summarized in this article—of his addiction experiences and successful treatment at Operation Dawn, a Christian drug rehabilitation center. Recovery from SUD is possible by God's power. In Mr. Liu's case, his recovery was accomplished without medication.
Vasoprotective effects of NOX4 are mediated via polymerase and transient receptor potential melastatin 2 cation channels in endothelial cells
Authors: Alves-Lopes Rheure , Lacchini Silvia , Neves Karla B. , Harvey Adam , Montezano Augusto C. , Touyz Rhian M. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
NOX4 activation has been implicated to have vasoprotective and blood pressure (BP)-lowering effects. Molecular mechanisms underlying this are unclear, but NOX4-induced regulation of the redox-sensitive Ca2+ channel TRPM2 and effects on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-nitric oxide signalling may be important.

Method:
Wild-type and LinA3, renin-expressing hypertensive mice, were crossed with NOX4 knockout mice. Vascular function was measured by myography. Generation of superoxide (O2
-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were assessed by lucigenin and amplex red, respectively, and Ca2+ influx by Cal-520 fluorescence in rat aortic endothelial cells (RAEC).

Results:
BP was increased in NOX4KO, LinA3 and LinA3/NOX4KO mice. This was associated with endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodelling, with exaggerated effects in NOX4KO groups. The TRPM2 activator, ADPR, improved vascular relaxation in LinA3/NOX4KO mice, an effect recapitulated by H2O2. Inhibition of PARP and TRPM2 with olaparib and 2-APB, respectively, recapitulated endothelial dysfunction in NOX4KO. In endothelial cells, Ang II increased H2O2 generation and Ca2+ influx, effects reduced by TRPM2 siRNA, TRPM2 inhibitors (8-br-cADPR, 2-APB), olaparib and GKT137831 (NOX4 inhibitor). Ang II-induced eNOS activation was blocked by NOX4 and TRPM2 siRNA, GKT137831, PEG-catalase and 8-br-cADPR.

Conclusion:
Our findings indicate that NOX4-induced H2O2 production activates PARP/TRPM2, Ca2+ influx, eNOS activation and nitric oxide release in endothelial cells. NOX4 deficiency impairs Ca2+ homeostasis leading to endothelial dysfunction, an effect exacerbated in hypertension. We define a novel pathway linking endothelial NOX4/H2O2 to eNOS/nitric oxide through PARP/TRPM2/Ca2+. This vasoprotective pathway is perturbed when NOX4 is downregulated and may have significance in conditions associated with endothelial dysfunction, including hypertension.
Nursing Implications for Tianeptine Use and Misuse
Authors: Hargett Jennifer L. , Lowry Presly F. , Lee Keyshawnna N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Tianeptine is an atypical antidepressant that is not approved for use in the United States and has a significant potential for abuse. In recent years, illicit use and misuse of tianeptine have become increasingly common. Symptoms caused by illicit use and withdrawal from tianeptine have become an emerging public health concern. Nurses should be aware of serious or even fatal opiate-like intoxication or withdrawal symptoms, which may present in the absence of a positive urine drug screen or in cases where withdrawal does not follow expected patterns. The associated health effects of tianeptine exposure and misuse include neurologic, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal symptoms, which manifest in a similar manner to opioid toxicity and opioid withdrawal syndrome. People who illicitly use or misuse tianeptine should be educated regarding the risks associated with this drug. In addition, nurses should promote screening, intervention, and referral to treatment for this and other substance use disorders. Nurses should also support efforts to control access to products containing tianeptine.