bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Localizations for quiver Hecke algebras II
Authors: Kashiwara Masaki , Kim Myungho , Oh Se‐jin , Park Euiyong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe prove that the localization of the monoidal category is rigid, and the category admits a localization via a real commuting family of central objects. For a quiver Hecke algebra and an element in the Weyl group, the subcategory of the category of finite‐dimensional graded ‐modules categorifies the quantum unipotent coordinate ring . In the previous paper, we constructed a monoidal category such that it contains and the objects corresponding to the frozen variables are invertible. In this paper, we show that there is a monoidal equivalence between the category and . Together with the already known left‐rigidity of , it follows that the monoidal category is rigid. If in the Bruhat order, there is a subcategory of that categorifies the doubly‐invariant algebra . We prove that the family of simple ‐module forms a real commuting family of graded central objects in the category so that there is a localization of in which are invertible. Since the localization of the algebra by the family of the isomorphism classes of is isomorphic to the coordinate ring of the open Richardson variety associated with and , the localization categorifies the coordinate ring .
A cross‐sectional study of ageing at the mouse neuromuscular junction and effects of an experimental therapeutic approach for dynapenia
Authors: Li Y. , Patel M. , Baroudi J. , Wu M. , Gatti S. , Liang M. , Wipf P. , Badawi Y. , Meriney Stephen D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite prior efforts to understand and target dynapenia (age‐induced loss of muscle strength), this condition remains a major challenge that reduces the quality of life in the aged population. We have focused on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) where changes in structure and function have rarely been systematically studied as a dynamic and progressive process. Our cross‐sectional study found neurotransmission at the male mouse NMJ to be biphasic, displaying an early increase followed by a later decrease, and this phenotype was associated with structural changes to the NMJ. A cross‐sectional characterization showed that age‐induced alterations fell into four age groups: young adult (3–6 months), adult (7–18 months), early aged (19–24 months), and later aged (25–30 months). We then utilized a small molecule therapeutic candidate, GV‐58, applied acutely during the later aged stage to combat age‐induced reductions in transmitter release by increasing calcium influx during an action potential, which resulted in a significant increase in transmitter release. This comprehensive study of neuromuscular ageing at the NMJ will enable future research to target critical time points for therapeutic intervention.
imageKey points
Age‐induced frailty and falls are the leading causes of injury‐related death and are caused by an age‐induced loss of muscle strength due to a combination of neurological and muscular changes.
A cross‐sectional approach was used to study age‐induced changes to the neuromuscular junction in a mouse model, and physiological changes that were biphasic over the ageing time course were found.
Changes in physiology at the neuromuscular junction were correlated with alterations in neuromuscular junction morphology.
An acutely applied positive allosteric gating modifier of presynaptic voltage‐gated calcium channels was tested as a candidate therapeutic strategy that could increase transmitter release at aged neuromuscular junctions.
These results provide a detailed time course of age‐induced changes at the neuromuscular junction in a mouse model and test a candidate therapeutic strategy for weakness.
Comparison of high-intensity interval training versus moderate-intensity continuous training in pulmonary rehabilitation for interstitial lung disease: a randomised controlled pilot feasibility trial
Authors: Nikoletou Dimitra , Chis Ster Irina , Lech Carmen Y , MacNaughton Iain S , Chua Felix , Aul Raminder , Jones Paul W 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) compared with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) for people with interstitial lung disease (ILD).DesignSingle-centre, randomised controlled feasibility, pilot trial.SettingPatients were recruited from the chest clinic of a tertiary ILD centre and attended circuit-based PR in the hospital’s gym, followed by a personalised 6-month community programme.Participants58 patients, stratified per ILD type, were randomised into two groups: 33 to HIIT (18 males:15 females) (mean age (SD): 70.2 (11.4) years) and 25 to the MICT exercise mode (14 males:11 females) (mean age (SD): 69.8 (10.8) years).Interventions8-week, twice weekly, circuit-based PR programme of exercise and education, followed by a personalised 6-month community exercise programme.Outcome measuresFeasibility outcomes included staff-to-patient ratio and dropout rates per group. Primary outcome was the 6 min walk distance (6MWD). Secondary outcomes included the sniff nasal pressure, mouth inspiratory and expiratory pressures, handgrip and quadriceps strength and health status. Random-effects models were used to evaluate average variation in outcomes through time across the two groups.ResultsThe 6MWD peaked earlier with HIIT compared with MICT (at 4 months vs 5 months) but values were lower at peak (mean (95% CI): 26.3 m (3.5 to 49.1) vs 51.6 m (29.2 to 73.9)) and declined faster at 6 months post-PR. Secondary outcomes showed similar faster but smaller improvements with HIIT over MICT and more consistent maintenance 6 months post-PR with MICT than HIIT.ConclusionsHIIT is feasible in circuit-based ILD PR programmes and provides quick improvements but requires closer supervision of training and resources than MICT and benefits may be less well sustained. This would make it a less attractive option for clinical PR programmes. A definitive, multicentre randomised controlled trial is required to address the role of HIIT in ILD.Trial registration numberISRCTN55846300.
Psychosocial impact of COVID-19 pandemic on front-line healthcare workers in Sierra Leone: an explorative qualitative study
Authors: Tengbe Sia Morenike , Kamara Ibrahim Franklyn , Ali Desta B , Koroma Fanny F , Sevalie Stephen , Dean Laura , Theobald Sally 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has wide-reaching health and non-health consequences, especially on mental health and psychosocial well-being. Healthcare workers involved in COVID-19 patient care are particularly vulnerable to psychosocial distress due to increased pressure on healthcare systems. We explored the psychosocial experiences of front-line healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Sierra Leone.MethodsThis qualitative study used purposive sampling to recruit 13 healthcare workers from different cadres across 5 designated COVID-19 treatment centres in Freetown, Sierra Leone. In-depth interviews were conducted remotely in July and August 2020, transcribed verbatim and analysed using the framework approach.ResultsThis study identified three overarching themes: vulnerability, resilience and support structures. Participants expressed vulnerability relating to the challenging work environment and lack of medications as key stressors resulting in anxiety, stress, anger, isolation and stigmatisation. Signs of resilience with experiences drawn from the 2014 Ebola outbreak, teamwork and a sense of duty were also seen. Peer support was the main support structure with no professional psychosocial support services available to healthcare workers.ConclusionsThis is the first study to provide evidence of the psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 among front-line healthcare workers in Sierra Leone. Despite signs of resilience and coping mechanisms displayed, they also experienced adverse psychosocial outcomes. There is a need to focus on enhancing strategies such as psychosocial support for healthcare workers and those that overall strengthen the health system to protect healthcare workers, promote resilience and guide recommendations for interventions during future outbreaks.
Drug exposure during pregnancy in primary care: an algorithm and observational study from SIDIAP database, Catalunya, Spain
Authors: Lestón Vázquez Marta , Vilaplana-Carnerero Carles , Gomez-Lumbreras Ainhoa , Prat-Vallverdu Oriol , Marsal Josep Ramon , Vedia Urgell Cristina , Giner-Soriano Maria , Morros Rosa 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo develop an algorithm to identify pregnancy episodes in women at childbearing age using SIDIAP (Information System for the Improvement of Research in Primary Care) data (Catalunya, Spain).To describe drugs dispensed during gestation.DesignConstruction of an algorithm to identify all pregnancy episodes occurred from January 2011 to June 2020 in women aged 12–50. The variables used to create the algorithm include first day of last menstrual period, reasons for pregnancy termination and diagnoses registered in the primary healthcare records. Population-based cohort study including the pregnancy episodes identified by the algorithm.SettingCatalonia, Spain.ParticipantsAll women aged 12–50 with at least one pregnancy episode occurred during January 2011–June 2020.InterventionsNo interventions performed.Primary and secondary outcome measuresIdentification of pregnancy episodes through an algorithm and description of drug exposure.ResultsWe identified 327 865 pregnancy episodes in 250 910 people with a mean age of 31.3 years. During the study period, 83.4% of the episodes were exposed to at least one drug. The most frequent groups dispensed were iron preparations (48% of pregnancy episodes), iodine therapy (40.2%), analgesics and antipyretics (28%), penicillins (19.8%), vitamin B12plus folic acid (19.7%) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, 15.1%). The supplements were more frequently dispensed at least twice, and the drugs for acute conditions were mainly dispensed only once during the pregnancy episode.ConclusionsWe developed an algorithm to automatically identify the pregnancy periods in SIDIAP.We described prescription drugs used during pregnancy. The most used ones were supplements, analgesics, NSAID or antibiotics.SIDIAP might be an efficient database to study drug safety during pregnancy and the consequences of drug use in the offspring.Trial registration numberEUPAS37675.
Childhood mortality and associated factors in Migori County, Kenya: evidence from a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Starnes Joseph R , Rogers Ash , Wamae Jane , Okoth Vincent , Mudhune Sandra A , Omondi Alyn , Were Vincent , Baraza Awino Doreen , Lefebvre Christina Hope , Yap Samantha , Otieno Odhong Tom , Vill Beffy , Were Lawrence , Wamai Richard 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesThe under-five mortality (U5M) rate in Kenya (41 per 1000 live births) remains significantly above international goals (25 per 1000 live births). This is further exacerbated by regional inequalities in mortality. We aimed to describe U5M in Migori County, Kenya, and identify associated factors that can serve as programming targets.DesignCross-sectional observational survey.SettingAreas served by the Lwala Community Alliance and control areas in Migori County, Kenya.ParticipantsThis study included 15 199 children born to respondents during the 18 years preceding the survey.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was mortality in the first 5 years of life. The survey was powered to detect a 10% change in various health metrics over time with 80% power.ResultsA total of 15 199 children were included in the primary analyses, and 230 (1.5%) were deceased before the fifth birthday. The U5M rate from 2016 to 2021 was 32.2 per 1000 live births. Factors associated with U5M included year of birth (HR 0.926, p<0.001), female sex (HR 0.702, p=0.01), parental marriage (HR 0.642, p=0.036), multiple gestation pregnancy (HR 2.776, p<0.001), birth spacing less than 18 months (HR 1.894, p=0.005), indoor smoke exposure (HR 1.916, p=0.027) and previous familial contribution to the National Hospital Insurance Fund (HR 0.553, p=0.009). The most common cause of death was malaria.ConclusionsWe describe factors associated with childhood mortality in a Kenyan community using survival analyses of complete birth histories. Mortality rates will serve as the baseline for future programme evaluation as a part of a 10-year study design. This provides both the hyperlocal information needed to improve programming and generalisable conclusions for other organisations working in similar environments.
Protocol for developing a set of performance measures to monitor and evaluate delirium care quality for older adults in the emergency department using a modified e-Delphi process
Authors: Filiatreault Sarah , Kreindler Sara , Grimshaw Jeremy , Chochinov Alecs , Doupe Malcolm 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionOlder adults are at high risk of developing delirium in the emergency department (ED). Delirium associated with an ED visit is independently linked to poorer outcomes such as increased length of hospital stay and mortality. Performance measures (PMs) are needed to identify variations in the quality of delirium care to help focus improvement efforts where they are most needed. A preliminary list of 11 quality statements and 24 PMs was developed based on a synthesis of high-quality clinical practice guidelines. The purpose of this study is to gain consensus on a subset of PMs that can be used to evaluate delirium care quality for older ED patients.Methods and analysisThis protocol for a modified e-Delphi study is informed by the Guidance on Conducting and REporting DElphi Studies. Clinical experts from across Canada and internationally will be recruited through peer referral, professional organisations and social media calls for expressions of interest. A minimum of 17 participants will be recruited. The primary survey for each round will consist of closed-ended questions with the opportunity to provide comments to justify decisions and clarify understanding. Using 9-point Likert scales, participants will rate each quality statement according to the concepts of importance and actionability, then its associated PMs according to the concept of necessity. Results will be fed back to participants in subsequent rounds. A priori stopping criteria have been defined in terms of consensus and stability. A minimum of three rounds will be undertaken to allow participants to have feedback, revise previous responses, then stabilise responses.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was provided at the University of Manitoba Health Research Ethics Board (ID HS25728 (H2022:340)). Informed consent will be obtained electronically using the Research Electronic Data Capture secure online platform. Knowledge translation and dissemination will be done through traditional (eg, conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications) and non-traditional (eg, ED Grand Rounds) strategies.
Endovascular thrombectomy first-pass reperfusion and ancillary device placement
Authors: Navia Pedro , Espinosa de Rueda Mariano , Rodriguez-Benitez Amado , Ballenilla Marco Federico , Pumar José Manuel , Gallego-Leon Jose Ignacio , Diaz-Valiño Jose Luis , Mendez Jose Carlos , Hernández Fernández Francisco , Rodriguez-Paz Carlos Manuel , Hernandez David , Maynar Franscisco Javier , Vega-Villar Juan , García-Benassi Juan Manuel , Martínez-Galdámez Mario , Larrea Jose-Angel , Fernandez-Prieto Andres 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundRecent randomized trials have demonstrated the efficacy of mechanical thrombectomy in treating acute ischemic stroke, however, further research is required to optimize this technique. We aimed to evaluate the impact of guide catheter position and clot crossing on revascularization rates using A Direct Aspiration First Pass Technique (ADAPT).MethodsData were collected between January 2018 and August 2019 as part of the Spanish ADAPT Registry on ACE catheters (SARA), a multicenter observational study assessing real-world thrombectomy outcomes. Demographic, clinical, and angiographic data were collected. Subgroup analyses assessed the relationship between guide catheter/microguidewire position and modified Trombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) scores. First pass effect (FPE) was defined as mTICI 3 after single pass of the device.ResultsFrom a total of 589 patients, 80.8% underwent frontline aspiration thrombectomy. The median score on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 16.0. After adjusting for confounders, the likelihood of achieving FPE (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR), 0.587; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.38 to 0.92; p=0.0194) were higher among patients with more distal petrocavernous placement of guide catheter. The likelihood of achieving FPE (aOR, 0.592; 95% CI, 0.39 to 0.90; p=0.0138) and final angiogram complete reperfusion (aOR, 0.465; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.73; p=0.0008) were higher among patients without microguidewire crossing the clot. No difference was noted for time from arterial puncture to reperfusion in any study group. At the 90-day follow-up, the mortality rate was 9.2% and 65.8% of patients across the entire study cohort were functionally independent (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–2).ConclusionsPetrocavernous guide catheter placement improved first-pass revascularization. Crossing the occlusion with a microguidewire lowered the likelihood of achieving FPE and complete reperfusion after final angiogram.
Low-impact line construction retains and speeds recovery of trees on seismic lines in forested peatlands
Authors: Filicetti Angelo T. , Tigner Jesse , Nielsen Scott E. , Wolfenden Katherine , Taylor Murdoch , Bentham Paula 
Published: August 2023

Seismic lines are linear features created by the oil and gas industry for energy exploration. Though individually narrow, collectively seismic lines are a pervasive management challenge, resulting in changes to biogeochemical cycles, plant and animal abundance and behaviour, predator–prey relationships, and forest successional trajectories. These impacts arise from historical construction methods that used bulldozers to remove vegetation and substrate leaving lines as persistent openings in a state of arrested succession. In the mid-1990s, “low-impact seismic” (LIS) line construction began, using mulchers to remove vegetation aboveground to minimize impacts and hasten reforestation. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of LIS in retention, recruitment, and growth of seedlings in forested peatlands in northeast British Columbia. Retained and recruited trees on LIS lines were found at 69% and 64% of sites, had mean densities of 3400 and 6000 stems/ha, and mean heights of 42 and 11 cm, respectively. These LIS lines appeared to recover along expected trajectories toward tree cover, thereby mitigating challenges typical of older seismic exploration. Our results suggest it is feasible to further fast-forward line recovery by ensuring mulcher drums are kept as high as possible to increase the number and height of trees through the mulching process.
Wood age, rootstocks and cultivars drive the formation of productivity and fruit size in sweet cherry
Authors: Bondarenko P. , Yudytska I. , Alekseeva O. 
Published: August 2023

To maintain the high yields and fruit quality necessary for profitability of sweet cherry production, it is important to consider precision crop load and canopy management techniques during limb renewal. The effects of branch section age, rootstock, and cultivar on spur and flower density and fruit quality have been discussed in previous studies, but most of them focus on a limited range of fruiting wood ages and scion-rootstock combinations. This study aims to analyse the processes of sweet cherry productivity and fruit size formation on a wide range of wood age to determine the limit after which branch preservation is not sustainable, and to evaluate the influence of rootstocks and cultivars on these parameters. The results indicate that wood age is one of the main drivers of productivity formation in cherry. The highest flower density was observed on 3-year-old branch sections – 324 flowers per linear m, due to high spur density, number of reproductive buds per spur and flowers per bud. Productivity on 2-year-old wood was also good (256 flowers per linear m), while a sharp decline in flower density was noted on 4- and 5-year-old wood. The largest fruits were formed on young branch sections, with a significant decline in fruit weight and diameter on 4- and 5-year-old sections. Rootstock vigour had a bigger effect on floral organ induction on 1-year-old shoots, than on spurs. Based on the results, it is advisable to regularly renew lateral branches older than 3 years to maintain high yield efficiency and fruit quality.
Semi-inclusive decays of B meson into a dark anti-baryon and baryons
Authors: Shi Yu-Ji , Xing Ye , Xing Zhi-Peng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUsing the recently developed B-Mesogenesis scenario, we studied the semi-inclusive decays of B meson into a dark anti-baryon $$\psi $$
ψ
plus any possible states X containing u/c and d/s quarks with unit baryon number. The two types of effective Lagrangians proposed by the scenario are both considered in the study. The semi-inclusive decay branching fractions of $$B\rightarrow X \psi $$

B
→
X
ψ

are calculated by the method of heavy quark expansion, where the non-perturbative contributions from the matrix elements of dimension-5 operators are included. We obtained the branching fractions as functions of the dark anti-baryon mass. Using the experimental upper limits of the branching fractions, we presented the constraints of the coupling constants in the B-Mesogenesis scenario.
Electron probe petrochronology of monazite- and garnet-bearing metamorphic rocks in the Saxothuringian allochthonous domains (Erzgebirge, Granulite and Münchberg massifs)
Authors: Schulz Bernhard , Krause Joachim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the Saxothuringian Zone, a unique assemblage of high- to ultra-high-pressure and ultra-high-temperature metamorphic units is associated with medium- to low-pressure and temperature rocks. The units were studied in a campaign with garnet and monazite petrochronology of gneisses, micaschists and phyllites, and monazite dating in granites. P–T path segments of garnet crystallization were reconstructed by geothermobarometry and interpreted in terms of the monazite stability field, EPMA Th–U–Pb monazite ages and garnet Y + HREE zonations. One can recognize (1) Cambrian plutonism (512–503 Ma) with contact metamorphism in the Münchberg Massif. Subordinate monazite populations may indicate a (2) widespread but weak Silurian (444–418 Ma) thermal event. A (3) Devonian (389–360 Ma) high-pressure metamorphism prevails in the Münchberg and Frankenberg massifs. In the ultra-high-pressure and high-pressure units of the Erzgebirge the predominant (4) Carboniferous (336–327 Ma) monazites crystallized at the decompression paths. In the Saxonian Granulite Massif, prograde–retrograde P–T paths of cordierite-garnet gneisses can be related to monazite ages from 339 to 317 Ma. A (5) local hydrothermal overprint at 313–302 Ma coincides partly with post-tectonic (345–307 Ma) granite intrusions. Such diverse monazite age pattern and P–T time paths characterize the tectono-metamorphic evolution of each crustal segment involved in the Variscan Orogeny.