bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective Role for Smooth Muscle Cell Hepcidin in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Loick Paul , Mohammad Goran Hamid , Cassimjee Ismail , Chandrashekar Anirudh , Lapolla Pierfrancesco , Carrington Alison , Vera-Aviles Mayra , Handa Ashok , Lee Regent , Lakhal-Littleton Samira 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Hepcidin is a liver-derived hormone that controls systemic iron homeostasis, by inhibiting the iron exporter ferroportin in the gut and spleen, respective sites of iron absorption and recycling. Hepcidin is also expressed ectopically in the context of cardiovascular disease. However, the precise role of ectopic hepcidin in underlying pathophysiology is unknown. In patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), hepcidin is markedly induced in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of the aneurysm wall and inversely correlated with the expression of LCN2 (lipocalin-2), a protein implicated in AAA pathology. In addition, plasma hepcidin levels were inversely correlated with aneurysm growth, suggesting hepcidin has a potential disease-modifying role.

Methods:
To probe the role of SMC-derived hepcidin in the setting of AAA, we applied AngII (Angiotensin-II)-induced AAA model to mice harbouring an inducible, SMC-specific deletion of hepcidin. To determine whether SMC-derived hepcidin acted cell-autonomously, we also used mice harboring an inducible SMC-specific knock-in of hepcidin-resistant ferroportinC326Y. The involvement of LCN2 was established using a LCN2-neutralizing antibody.

Results:
Mice with SMC-specific deletion of hepcidin or knock-in of hepcidin-resistant ferroportinC326Y had a heightened AAA phenotype compared with controls. In both models, SMCs exhibited raised ferroportin expression and reduced iron retention, accompanied by failure to suppress LCN2, impaired autophagy in SMCs, and greater aortic neutrophil infiltration. Pretreatment with LCN2-neutralizing antibody restored autophagy, reduced neutrophil infiltration, and prevented the heightened AAA phenotype. Finally, plasma hepcidin levels were consistently lower in mice with SMC-specific deletion of hepcidin than in controls, indicating that SMC-derived hepcidin contributes to the circulating pool in AAA.

Conclusions:
Hepcidin elevation in SMCs plays a protective role in the setting of AAA. These findings are the first demonstration of a protective rather than deleterious role for hepcidin in cardiovascular disease. They highlight the need to further explore the prognostic and therapeutic value of hepcidin outside disorders of iron homeostasis.
Consistency pays off in science
Authors: Erkol Şirag , Sikdar Satyaki , Radicchi Filippo , Fortunato Santo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The exponentially growing number of scientific papers stimulates a discussion on the interplay between quantity and quality in science. In particular, one may wonder which publication strategy may offer more chances of success: publishing lots of papers, producing a few hit papers, or something in between. Here we tackle this question by studying the scientific portfolios of Nobel Prize laureates. A comparative analysis of different citation-based indicators of individual impact suggests that the best path to success may rely on consistently producing high-quality work. Such a pattern is especially rewarded by a new metric, the E-index, which identifies excellence better than state-of-the-art measures.
Which factors are associated with Open Access publishing? A Springer Nature case study
Authors: Momeni Fakhri , Dietze Stefan , Mayr Philipp , Biesenbender Kristin , Peters Isabella 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Open Access (OA) facilitates access to research articles. However, authors or funders often must pay the publishing costs, preventing authors who do not receive financial support from participating in OA publishing and gaining citation advantage for OA articles. OA may exacerbate existing inequalities in the publication system rather than overcome them. To investigate this, we studied 522,411 articles published by Springer Nature. Employing correlation and regression analyses, we describe the relationship between authors affiliated with countries from different income levels, their choice of publishing model, and the citation impact of their papers. A machine learning classification method helped us to explore the importance of different features in predicting the publishing model. The results show that authors eligible for article processing charge (APC) waivers publish more in gold OA journals than others. In contrast, authors eligible for an APC discount have the lowest ratio of OA publications, leading to the assumption that this discount insufficiently motivates authors to publish in gold OA journals. We found a strong correlation between the journal rank and the publishing model in gold OA journals, whereas the OA option is mostly avoided in hybrid journals. Also, results show that the countries’ income level, seniority, and experience with OA publications are the most predictive factors for OA publishing in hybrid journals.
Synchronization of Alternative Models in a Supermodel and the Learning of Critical Behavior
Authors: Duane Gregory S. , Shen Mao-Lin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
“Supermodeling” climate by allowing different models to assimilate data from one another in run time has been shown to give results superior to those of any one model and superior to any weighted average of model outputs. The only free parameters, connection strengths between corresponding variables in each pair of models, are determined using some form of machine learning. It is demonstrated that supermodeling succeeds because near critical states, interscale interactions are important but unresolved processes cannot be effectively represented diagnostically in any single parameterization scheme. In two examples, a pair of toy quasigeostrophic (QG) channel models of the midlatitudes and a pair of ECHAM5 models of the tropical Pacific atmosphere with a common ocean, supermodels dynamically combine parameterization schemes so as to capture criticality, associated critical structures, and the supporting scale interactions. The QG supermodeling scheme extends a previous configuration in which two such models synchronize with intermodel connections only between medium-scale components of the flow; here the connections are trained against a third “real” model. Intermittent blocking patterns characterize the critical behavior thus obtained, even where such patterns are missing in the constituent models. In the ECHAM-based climate supermodel, the corresponding critical structure is the single ITCZ pattern, a pattern that occurs in neither of the constituent models. For supermodels of both types, power spectra indicate enhanced interscale interactions in frequency or energy ranges of physical interest, in agreement with observed data, and supporting a generalized form of the self-organized criticality hypothesis.

Significance Statement
In a “supermodel” of Earth’s climate, alternative models (climate simulations), which differ in the way they represent processes on the smallest scales, are trained to exchange information as they run, adjusting to one another much as weather prediction models adjust to new observations. They form a consensus, capturing atmospheric behaviors that have eluded all the separate models. We demonstrate that simplified supermodels succeed, where no single approach can, by correctly representing critical phenomena involving sudden qualitative transitions, such as occur in El Niño events, that depend on interactions among atmospheric processes on many different scales in space and time. The correct reproduction of critical phenomena is vital both for predicting weather and for projecting the effects of climate change.
Recanalization of Inferior Vena Cava and Bilateral Iliac Veins 15 Years after May–Thurner Syndrome-Related Occlusion
Authors: Kelly Robert , Blecha Matthew 
Published: March 2023

May–Thurner syndrome (MTS) is a relatively rare condition involving mechanical compression of a vein between an artery and a bone which may result in venous stenosis, reflux, occlusion, or deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The most common location for MTS to occur is the left iliocaval confluence, specifically where the left common iliac vein crosses under the right common iliac artery and becomes compressed against a vertebral body. Our case represents a unique presentation of MTS where a missed diagnosis of MTS during a presentation of acute LLE DVT over 15 years ago which would later progress to chronic bilateral iliac vein occlusion and IVC obliteration. This also ultimately contributed to recurrent left lower extremity (LLE) DVT. The hypothesis for this case is that our patient had May–Thurner syndrome at the time of his original LLE DVT 15 years ago that went undiagnosed. He likely had “spillover” thrombus that occluded the right iliac venous system and resulted in IVC thrombosis at that time. What resulted was obliteration of the IVC between the iliac vein confluence and the renal vein level and bilateral iliac veins. The chronicity of the occlusion creates a uniqueness to this case as there are sparse reports of such longstanding ileo-caval occlusion being recanalized after such a prolonged duration.
Fasting Glucose, Glycated Hemoglobin, and 2h Post-load Blood Glucose Are Independently Associated With Arterial Stiffness in Diabetes: The ELSA-Brasil Study
Authors: Pereira Wille D. S. , Lelis Deborah F. , Cunha Roberto S. , Griep Rosane H. , Barreto Sandhi M. , Molina Maria del Carmen B. , Schmidt Maria Inês , Duncan Bruce B. , Bensenor Isabela , Lotufo Paulo A. , Mill José Geraldo , Baldo Marcelo P. 
Published: March 2023

The association of diabetes with increased large artery stiffness is not definitively established. We aimed to describe the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) in participants with and without diabetes and whether the cf-PWV could vary among the different laboratory-based criteria used. A cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from 13,912 adults was used. cf-PWV as well as anthropometric, biochemical, and clinical data were measured. Diabetes was defined by previous medical diagnosis, medication use, fasting glucose, an oral glucose tolerance test (GTT), or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The prevalence of diabetes was 18.7%, higher in men than in women. After adjustment, participants with diabetes showed higher cf-PWV (men: 9.7 ± 1.7 vs 9.4 ± 1.7 m/s, P < .05; women: 9.4 ± 1.6 vs 9.1 ± 1.7 m/s, P < .05). We observed a progressive increase in cf-PWV as >1 laboratory-based criterion for diabetes diagnosis was reached. Also, participants with diabetes with alterations in any laboratory-based criteria had higher cf-PWV than participants without diabetes, regardless of sex. In summary, diabetes is associated with higher cf-PWV as is each laboratory-based parameter used for its diagnosis. These results support the strong consequences of glucose dysregulation on the vascular system and provide evidence to screen all parameters involved in glycemic metabolism to improve vascular health.
Long-term Follow-up of Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis After Surgical Treatment
Authors: Makary Chadi A. , Bonnici Maximilian , Jones Garrett , Sullivan Patrick , Stokes Cara , Ramadan Hassan H. 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the long-term outcomes of pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) after surgical treatment. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of patients who were treated surgically for CRS as children more than 10 years ago. Survey included SNOT-22 questionnaire, additional functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) since last treatment, status of allergic rhinitis and asthma, and availability of any CT scan sinus/face for review. Results: About 332 patients were contacted by phone or email. Seventy-three patients filled the survey (22.5% response rate). Current age was 26 years (±+/−4.7, 15.3-37.8 years). Age at initial treatment was 6.8 years (+/−3.1, 1.7-14.7 years). Fifty-two patients (71.2%) had FESS and adenoidectomy, and 21 patients (28.8%) had adenoidectomy only. Follow-up since surgical treatment was 19.3 years (+/−4.1). SNOT-22 score was 34.5 (+/−22.2). None of the patients had any additional FESS for the duration of the follow-up, and only 3 patients had septoplasty and inferior turbinoplasty as adults. Twenty-four patients had CT scan sinuses/face available for review. Scans were obtained at an average of 14 years after surgical intervention (+/−5.2). CT LM score was 0.9 (+/−1.9), compared to 9.3 at time of their surgery (+/−5.9) ( P < .0001). Currently 45.8% and 36.9% of patients have asthma and AR, compared to 35.6% and 40.6% respectively as kids ( P = .897 and P = .167). Conclusion: Children who had surgery for CRS do not seem to have CRS as adults. However, patients continue to have active allergic rhinitis that may affect their quality of life.
Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection of Larynx and Cervical Trachea
Authors: Lau Ryan J. , Lackey Taylor G. , Samedi Von , Fink Daniel S. 
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To present a patient with the first case of NTM (nontuberculous mycobacteria) infection of the larynx extending to cervical trachea, and the first case of subglottic stenosis associated with an NTM infection. Methods: Case report and review of the literature. Results: A 68-year-old female with history of prior smoking, gastroesophageal reflux disease, asthma, bronchiectasis, and tracheobronchomalacia presented with a 3-month history of shortness of breath, exertional inspiratory stridor, and hoarseness. Flexible laryngoscopy demonstrated ulceration of medial aspect of right vocal fold and subglottic tissue abnormality with crusting and ulceration extending through the upper trachea. Microdirect laryngoscopy with tissue biopsies and carbon dioxide (CO2) laser ablation of disease completed, and intraoperative culture revealed positive Aspergillus and acid-fast bacilli with Mycobacterium abscessus (type of NTM). Patient began antimicrobial treatment of cefoxitin, imipenem, amikacin, azithromycin, clofazimine, and itraconazole. Fourteen months after initial presentation, patient developed subglottic stenosis with limited extension into the proximal trachea prompting CO2 laser incision, balloon dilation, and steroid injection of the subglottic stenosis. Patient remains disease free without further subglottic stenosis. Conclusion: Laryngeal NTM infections are exceedingly rare. Failure to consider NTM infection in the differential diagnosis when presented with an ulcerative, exophytic mass in patients with increased risk factors (structural lung disease, Pseudomonas colonization, chronic steroid use, prior NTM positivity) may result in insufficient tissue evaluation, delayed diagnosis, and disease progression.
Personality and attachment in the homeless: A systematic review
Authors: Neves Horácio Andreia , Bento António , Gama Marques João 
Published: March 2023

Background: Homeless people present high rates of psychopathology, including personality disorders. Given the link between personality disorders and attachment, and the potential importance of these two traits for understanding homeless populations. Aims: Our aim was to review all studies focusing on attachment and on the full assessment of personality disorders in the homeless. Method: Overall, 213 studies were screened through title and abstract. Of these, 63 articles were chosen for full-text assessment. Results: A total of 14 articles met eligibility criteria and were included in the present review. Six studies evaluated personality disorders and eight studies assessed attachment in the homeless. In general, reports suggested that personality disorders are highly common in the homeless, with frequencies ranging between 64% and 79% for any personality disorder. The most common personality diagnoses were paranoid (14%–74%), borderline (6%–62%), avoidant (14%–63%), and antisocial (4%–57%) personality disorders. Attachment reports differed in the methods used and presented diverse results and correlates. Even so, insecure types of attachment dominated in the homeless, accounting for 62% to 100% of the samples. Conclusions: The high prevalence of personality disorders and insecure types of attachment in the homeless may impact intervention strategies for these people. The available literature evaluating attachment and the full assessment of personality disorders in the homeless is scarce, which supports the need for more research on these two topics.
Foaming epoxy-amine-carbamate: The effect of different neat amines on rheological and cellular morphology
Authors: Du Ngoc Uy Lan , Bethke Christian , Gong Shuaiping , Altstaedt Volker , Ruckdaeschel Holger 
Published: March 2023

The use of carbamate to foam epoxy depends significantly on the precured modulus to stabilize the cellular structure. The optimum precured modulus is developed from the reaction of epoxy resin and the neat amine. The selection of the neat amine relies on its reaction temperature with epoxy, which is required to be below the decomposition temperature of carbamate. This study investigates the effect of three different neat amines on the rheological behavior of foaming epoxy-carbamate-amine. They are bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether epoxy (DGEBA), isophorone diamine carbamate (IDPA.CO2), N-aminoethylpiperazine (AEP), 2,4-Diamino-1-methyl-cyclohexan (DMC) and isophorone diamine (IDPA). The mixtures of DGEBA-amine-carbamate are filled in 25% and 75% of the volume of a closed mold. Precuring is carried out at 60°C for 2 h. The foaming and complete curing are conducted at 180°C for 1 h. Having H-active at piperazine, AEP reacts with DGEBA faster and develops a higher precured modulus compared to DMC and IDPA. It is important to note that DGEBA-AEP-IDPA.CO2 exhibits viscoelastic behavior beyond 138°C, seen by its rheological storage modulus lower than loss modulus and its tan delta larger than 1. The reaction between DGEBA and the H-active piperazine of AEP leads only to linear linkage and is unable to further crosslink compared to the primary amine (-NH2). This results in a lower glass transition temperature Tg of DGEBA-AEP-IPDA.CO2. The effect of amine on foaming is more obviously at 25% filling level. DGEBA-AEP-IPDA.CO2 has more spherical and homogeneous cellular structure and the density of 285 kg/m3. Having quite similar chemical structure, both DGEBA-DMC-IPDA.CO2 and DGEBA-IPDA-IPDA.CO2 produce the epoxy foams having cell-interconnection and coalescence; their densities are also similar 301 kg/m3 and 305 kg/m3, respectively. All the foams are closed-cell at 75% of filling level. The cell morphologies are well reflecting the foaming modulus and tan delta behavior.
The role of the healthcare assistant on a stroke unit: A scoping review
Authors: Wood Sophie , Johansson Jessica Faye , Wray Faye , Forster Anne 
Published: March 2023

Objective This scoping review explores the role of a healthcare assistant on a stroke unit, potential barriers to role fulfilment and whether stroke-specific training could enhance rehabilitative practice. Data sources Searches were conducted on CINAHL, MEDLINE and APA PsycInfo in May 2021 and repeated in September 2022. Methods This scoping review was guided by Arksey and O’Malley's framework. Article selection and data extraction were conducted by one researcher using a structured proforma. A narrative approach to data synthesis was undertaken following the research questions. Results From a combined total of 533 articles, sixty-six full-text articles were assessed for eligibility. Sixteen full articles were included in this review. A healthcare assistants’ role was viewed as caring directly for patients – some individuals felt they contributed to rehabilitation during these tasks, and that they could be undervalued by multidisciplinary team members, patients and their families. The barriers identified to healthcare assistants’ role fulfilment were lack of time, training and staffing shortages. Training was perceived to improve healthcare assistants’ communication, confidence and knowledge but training needed to be flexible, ward based and accommodate staffing shortages. However, it is unclear whether training has any clinical benefit for patients. Conclusion Healthcare assistants are well placed to enhance rehabilitative practice with patients; however, there are clear perceived barriers to this occurring. Future research should aim to define the role of healthcare assistants and explore whether further stroke-specific training could cause clinical benefits for patients.
Long-term treatment with lasmiditan in patients with migraine: Results from the open-label extension of the CENTURION randomized trial
Authors: Ashina Messoud , Roos Caroline , Li Lily Qian , Komori Mika , Ayer David , Ruff Dustin , Krege John Henry 
Published: March 2023

Background Following the CENTURION phase 3 randomized controlled trial’s four-month double-blind phase, this 12-month open-label extension collected data for up to one year about dose optimization, patterns of use, migraine-related disability, and quality of life during lasmiditan treatment. Methods Migraine patients ≥18 years completing the double-blind phase and treating ≥3 migraine attacks could continue into the 12-month open-label extension. The initial oral lasmiditan dose was 100 mg; the dose could subsequently be adjusted to 50 mg or 200 mg at the investigator’s discretion. Results 477 patients entered and 321 (72.1%) completed the extension; 445 (93.3%) treated ≥1 attack with lasmiditan. Of 11,327 attacks, 8654 (76.4%) were lasmiditan-treated (84.9% of these involved moderate or severe pain). By study end, 17.8%, 58.7%, and 23.4% of patients were taking lasmiditan 50, 100, and 200 mg, respectively. Mean improvements were observed in disability and quality of life. The most common treatment-emergent adverse event was dizziness (35.7% of patients, 9.5% of attacks). Conclusions During this 12-month extension, lasmiditan was associated with a high rate of study completion, most attacks were treated with lasmiditan, and patients reported improvements in migraine-related disability and quality of life. No new safety findings were observed with longer exposure. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03670810); European Union Drug Regulating Authorities Clinical Trials Database (EUDRA CT: 2018-001661-17).
Human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis awareness among people who inject drugs in Portland, Oregon
Authors: Spencer Hunter C , Babiarz Jane , Menza Tim W 
Published: March 2023

Background Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among people who inject drugs (PWID) has demonstrated efficacy yet awareness of PrEP among PWID is low. Methods 2018 National Behavioral Health Survey data from the Portland, Oregon metropolitan statistical area was analyzed with chi-squared tests and generalized linear models to determine correlates of PrEP awareness among PWID. Results 80% of the sample had at least one indication for PrEP and 15% of the sample was aware of PrEP. Factors associated with higher PrEP awareness were: higher education level (PR = 1.083, CI = 1.018–1.153, p = .012), reporting transactional sex (PR = 1.154, CI = 1.019–1.307, p = .024), and men who have sex with men reporting condomless sex (PR = 1.376, CI = 1.081–1.752, p = .010). Lack of a usual source of care (PR = 0.884, CI = 0.824–0.949, p < .001) was negatively associated with PrEP awareness. Conclusions Interventions to increase PrEP awareness need to target groups with particularly low awareness and be delivered in settings accessible to PWID.