bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SUPPLY CHAIN RISK AND UNCERTAINTY IN INTERNATIONAL TRADE ON THE EXAMPLE PROJECT «NEW SILK ROAD»
Authors: Михайлюк Михаил Владимирович , Лю Дан 
Published: July 2023

В статье рассматриваются проблемы и актуальные вопросы риск-ориентированного управления цепями поставок в системе глобального товарного обмена, важным элементом текущей и будущей конфигурации которой становится «Новый шелковый путь», который опирается на наземные маршруты, два из которых проходят через территорию России.The article deals with the problems and topical issues of risk-based supply chain management in the global commodity exchange system, an important element of the current and future configuration of which is the New Silk Road, which relies on land routes, two of which pass through the territory of Russia.
RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR CRIMES IN THE FIELD OF COMPUTER INFORMATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES
Authors: Зайцева Серафима Евгеньевна , Сосновская Светлана Романовна 
Published: July 2023

В статье исследуются вопросы определения понятия объекта уголовно-правовой охраны и предмета преступных посягательств в сфере компьютерной информации. Дан анализ преступлений в сфере компьютерной информации и их общая характеристика.
The article examines the issues of defining the concept of the object of criminal law protection and the subject of criminal encroachments in the field of computer information. The analysis of crimes in the field of computer information and their general characteristics is given.
ON THE QUESTION OF THE PEDAGOGICAL IMPORTANCE OF THE USE OF OUTDOOR GAMES
Authors: Зароднюк Галина Владимировна , Бобров Илья Валерьевич 
Published: July 2023

Здоровый образ жизни - это не только образ жизни, направленный на сохранение здоровья, профилактику болезней и укрепление человеческого организма в целом, отказ от вредных привычек и занятие физическими упражнениями, это еще способ повысить свой биологический потенциал жизнедеятельности. А высокий профессионализм и личные качества преподавателя физической культуры при условии оптимально-комфортного взаимодействия их со студентами помогут формированию этой жизненно важной и необходимой привычки.
A healthy lifestyle is not only a lifestyle aimed at preserving health, preventing diseases and strengthening the human body as a whole, giving up bad habits and exercising, it is also a way to increase your biological potential of vital activity. And the high professionalism and personal qualities of a physical education teacher, provided that they interact optimally and comfortably with students, will help form this vital and necessary habit.
PROTECTION OF CITIZENS IN THE FIELD OF CYBERCRIME
Authors: Карабин Иван Денисович , Анискович Полина Сергеевна , Тимощук Кирилл Игоревич 
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена киберпреступности в условиях цифровизации российской экономики и общественной жизни. Основываясь на статистических данных и научной литературе, авторы анализируют результаты деятельности правоохранительных органов России по выявлении киберпреступности, а также формулируют методы борьбы с киберпреступностью.
The article is devoted to cybercrime in the conditions of digitalization of the Russian economy and public life. Based on statistical data and scientific literature, the authors analyze the results of the activities of Russian law enforcement agencies in detecting cybercrime, as well as formulate methods to combat cybercrime.
MODERN BLOOD-SAVING TECHNIQUES IN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY FOR LIVER ECHINOCOCCOSIS
Authors: Краснов Аркадий Олегович 
Published: July 2023

В статье представлены и проанализированы результаты лечения пациентов, оперированных по поводу эхинококкоза печени лапароскопическим методом с применением современных кровесберегающих методик.
The article presents and analyzes the results of treatment of patients operated on for liver echinococcosis by the laparoscopic method using modern blood-saving techniques.
Frequency of High Titre Anti-A and Anti-B Antibodies in
Blood Group O Blood Donors
Authors: Hajira Khurshid, Sehar Khaliq, Lubna Zafar, Attika Khalid  
Published: July 2023

Introduction:At the end of December 2019, the novel coronavirus began to spread in central China and soon became a pandemic.
Unfortunately,all elective dental treatments including orthodontic visits were postponed and patients could not be counselled on how to
manage orthodontic emergencies that they could encounter at home. Teledentistry can play a major role in providing instructionsto patients during
quarantine.

Objective:The study aimedto assess the awareness of orthodontic patients regarding the management of orthodontic emergencies
and their psychosocial well-being during the novel coronavirus pandemic through Tele-dentistry.

Materials and Methods:A questionnaire-based study
was conducted on two groups during the lockdown period in which their anxiety, psychological status,and their ability to manage orthodontic emergencies
at home during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown wereassessed through teledentistry.

Results:A total of 170 patients participated in our study, Independent
sample t-test was used to compare the means ofthe group's control and experimental. Statistically,a significant difference was determined between the two
groups regarding their psychosocial well-being (social media embarrassment p=0.049, awareness ofhow to manage orthodontic emergencies p=0.00).
The participants displayed a better understanding of how to deal with orthodontic emergencies at home after having instructions. 48.2% of the
patients selected voice call as a preferred mode of instruction for managing orthodontic emergencies at home.

Conclusion:Experimental group of patients
wasmore aware ofhow to manage orthodontic emergencies and they were less anxious. Teledentistry has proven to be an important tool for providing
instructions to anxious patients as well as reducing the spread of coronavirus due to lack of contact. Voice call was the preferred mode of instruction.

Keywords:Anxiety, COVID-19, Orthodontic emergencies, Tele-dentistry.
Comparison of pain observed with sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine based root canal irrigant 24 hours post appointment
Authors: Amjad Sadaf , Afreen Zarah , Afreen Ammarah , Shuja Eruj , Rasheed Hassan , Rashid Sundus 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine, in reduction of frequency in pain 24 hours after endodontic treatment of teeth with chronic apical periodontitis
Study design and Setting: Randomized Clinical Trial conducted –removed for blind review--from July 2018 to December 2018.
Methodology: A total of 60 patients requiring management of chronic apical periodontitis and pulp necrosis were randomly allocated by lottery method to two groups of 30 each according to the irrigating solution employed: Group A (2.5% sodium hypochlorite) or Group B (2% chlorhexidine gluconate). To assess inter-appointment pain, a questionnaire with visual analogue scale was filled out by the patient at 24 hours after the procedure. The Chi-square test was used to compare the effectiveness between the two irrigation solutions.
Results: Group A (2.5% sodium hypochlorite) was effective in 83.3% cases i.e. no or mild pain compared to 76.7% in group B (2% chlorhexidine). In group A, 5(16.7%) patients suffered pain compared to 7(23.3%) in group B. This difference in pain was statistically insignificant. (p-value 0.519).
Conclusion: Both 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine were equally effective in minimizing pain 24 hours post endodontic treatment.
Keywords: Chlorhexidine gluconate, Sodium hypochlorite, Flare up
Confusion is the first step towards understanding: Fixing the problems of E-learning in COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rehan Madeeha , Khalid Attika , Shaheen Neelofar , Rehman Humaira , Nasreen Fariha 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic forced institutions worldwide to adopt online learning, which opened a new era of challenges. Our research was designed to explore the effect of the pandemic on teaching and learning and identify the solutions to the problems based on participants’ perspectives.
Methods:
A qualitative study of the phenomenological design was conducted at a medical institute in Pakistan. The participants were selected using the purposive sampling technique. Semi-structured interviews were done which were later audio-recorded, transcribed, and subjected to manual thematic analysis. Credibility was ensured by using multiple data collection sources.
Results:
The 20 participants selected as interviewees were faculty with more than 5 years teaching experience in the medical institute and had gone through online teaching and learning during COVID-19 pandemic. The thematic analyses of the data generated six themes which were: 1. “I see what you mean”; Re-exploration of educational psychology, 2. Reorganization of curriculum, 3. Mentoring and coaching, 4. Technology: as ubiquities as oxygen, 5. Constructive feedback: a stimulus in pearl formation and 6. Turn the tables: fixing the problem.
Conclusion:
Online education has emerged as an important mechanism in delivering medical education to undergraduate medical students. Instead of shying away, efforts are needed to restructure the curricula, incorporating various online innovative teaching, and learning tools that are at par with the changing global demands of medical education.
Keywords:
E-learning, COVID-19, Challenges
Prognosis of Severe Covid-19 patients after treatment with Therapeutic Plasma Exchange (TPE)
Authors: Khalid Maliha , Feroze Faheem , Qamar Saad Bin , Abbas Naseem , Farooq Saeed , Siddiqui Aisha 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the effective role of plasmapheresis in the treatment of Cytokine Release Syndrome associated with severe Covid 19 pneumonia.
INTRODUCTION: Covid-19 disease is a deadly contagious disease with milder symptoms to a more severe form with acute respiratory failure, septic shock leading to even death. Literature study showed that in severe Covid-19 patients, a hyper-inflammatory response to initial infection could accelerate to severe hyper-cytokinaemia that could lead to an underlying endothelial dysfunction and multiple organ dysfunction. Thus, removal of these inflammatory cytokines by Therapeutic Plasma Exchange is considered to be an essential part of the treatment of critically ill patients in order to improve their survival rates.
METHODOLOGY: Retrospective observational study which included 150 RT-PCR positive patients admitted in Covid ITC, from the time period of 1st February 2021 to 31st July 2021 –removed for blind review---Data was analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Frequencies were calculated along with mean and standard deviation. Chi square and ANOVA test was applied to the data. P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Linear regression study was applied to predict the prognosis.
RESULTS: Out of 150 patients, 51 patients (34%) were of severe ARDS category of whom 13 (25.5%) developed Cytokine Release Syndrome. They received plasmapheresis therapy subsequently and 7 out of those 13 (53.8%) patients got improved. P- value was found to be significant ( <0.05). Overall, the mortality rate was low with 120/150 (80%) getting discharged successfully.
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that Therapeutic plasma exchange is beneficial in Cytokine storm caused by SARS-CoV2 removing the inflammatory cytokines and improving symptoms, thereby, avoiding intubation.
KEY WORDS: , Therapeutic plasma exchange, Hypercytokinaemia, Cytokine Release Syndrome
Effect of Oral intake of Stevia Leaf Powder on Body Weight – An Experimental study
Authors: Faruqi Amna , Subuctageen Sikander , Mughal Irfan Afzal , Parveen Shahida , Zafar Tooba , Irfan Asma 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
The steviol glycosides are found in the stevia leaf. These glycosides possess sweetening properties as well as they have antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antihyperglycemic, and anti-hypertensive effects. This study was conducted to find out the effect of Stevia leaf on body weight in obese Sprague Dawley male rats.
Materials and Methods:
This experimental study was carried out on 90 Sprague Dawley male rats. Group1(normal control) was given a standard diet for the entire study period, while the remaining sixty rats were given a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks to induce obesity. The obese rats were randomly assigned to group 2 (Obese Control) and Group 3 (obese + Stevia) and given HFD for another 6 weeks. The stevia leaf powder was added to the diet of group 3. Diet intake was noted for all the groups. Rats were weighed on the first day of every week, for six weeks, and then at the end of the study period.

Results:
Body weights of rats in each group, at the start and end of the 6-week intervention period, when compared, showed a significant increase in group 1 (p=0.001), and group 2 (p = 0.001), while group 3 showed a non-significant increase (p = 0.248). The percentage increase in body weight for groups 1, 2, and 3 was 4.8, 9.3, and 1.1, respectively. Graphically, the weekly increase in average body weights of the three experimental groups showed maximum values for group 2.
Conclusions:
Stevia leaf possesses weight-reducing effects which may be due to inhibition of appetite, reduction in food intake, and consequent weight loss.
Keywords:
Obesity, weight loss, Natural non-nutritive sweeteners, Stevia
Maternal Serum Ferritin Levels and its effect on Cord Blood Hemoglobin in patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ashraf Sabeen , Sadaf Maliha , Farkhanda Tallat , Yousaf Saba , Iftikhar Amna , Iftikhar Maryam 
Published: July 2023

Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common medical complication of pregnancy that can have harmful impacts on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Literature shows that elevated serum maternal ferritin levels may cause dysregulation in glucose metabolism in GDM. This study aims to determine the association between serum ferritin, iron and hemoglobin levels in GDM patients at the time of delivery as well as cord hemoglobin and iron levels in newborns.
Methods
In this case-control study, a total of 100 patients were included i.e., 50 cases (GDM) and 50 controls (non-GDM) having aged-matched individuals of normal pregnancy. The hemoglobin, iron and serum ferritin, and hsCRP levels of the mother were determined using maternal blood. A cord blood sample was taken to determine neonatal iron and hemoglobin levels.
Results
The study participants mean age was 29.2 ± 5.6 years. The ferritin levels of GDM mothers (42.3 ± 6.7) were significantly higher than non-GDM patients (34.4 ± 3.8) with p<0.001. Similarly, Cord hemoglobin levels of newborns of GDM mothers were significantly higher than newborns of non-GDM patients (p<0.01). In GDM mothers, maternal ferritin levels were inversely correlated to cord hemoglobin levels (r= - 0.29, p =0.004).
Conclusions
Elevated maternal serum ferritin levels are linked to increased oxidative stress and effects fetal intrauterine and post-partum health. The placental iron transfer and fetal hemoglobin synthesis will be affected by oxidative stress.
Post Covid-19 Syndromes, The Time line of Covid
Authors: Shams Nadia , Umar Zaid , Meraj Lubna , Ayub Neelam , Waseem Muhammad , Virk Kazim Abbas 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Novel corona virus has claimed significant mortality and morbidity. Timeline of long-term complications and effects on humanity are yet to be explored. Current study aims to evaluate the spectrum of post Covid syndromes in our Covid survivors.
METHODOLOGY: This observational study was conducted at Medicine Dept. RIHS Islamabad after ethical approval. 195 recovered COVID cases were selected and followed 3 monthly over a year. Inclusion criteria: Age >12 years, both genders, Covid PCR+ve >4 weeks earlier. Exclusion criteria: Malignancies, pregnancy, recurrent Covid and that lost follow-up. Patients were evaluated for new onset generalized symptoms, respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, hematological, gastrointestinal, dermatological and genitourinary supported by relevant investigations. Data analyzed by SPSS-22 with significant p<0.05.
RESULTS: Amongst 195 cases, 102(52.3%) males and 93(47.7%) females, mean age was 42.35+14.31 years, mean duration since Covid recovery 32+24.47 weeks. There was history of mild COVID in 89(45.6%), moderate 71(36.4%), severe 32(16.4%) and life threatening 02(01%) having significant association with increased mean age and female gender (p<0.05). ninety four (48.2%) cases had post COVID syndromes. persistent fatigue (58), fever (29), myalgia’s (27), dyspnea (26), persistent cough (19), weight loss/gain (18), smear positive TB (2), bronchitis (7), asthma exacerbations (3) and pleural effusion (1). X-ray findings showed lung fibrosis in 12, ground glass appearance 10. Spirometry showed reduced exercise capacity in 11. Anemia in 11, leukopenia 02, thrombocytopenia 02, pancytopenia 01 case. In CVS, retrosternal chest pain in 11, orthopnea/PND 05, myocarditis/myocardial fibrosis 04, pericardial effusion 01, new onset hypertension 03, worsened hypertensive control 02, palpitations 10 and POTS 03. Regarding ENT, sinusitis in 12 and mucor-mycosis 03. Reduced GFR 05 and COVAN 01. New onset diabetes 05, worsened diabetic control 06, bone-demineralization 03 and thyroiditis 01. Persistent diarrhea 06, IBS 04, gastritis 08, esophagitis 06, GERD 11. Seven of 93 females reported menstrual irregularities. Hair loss 15, rash 07. headache in 23, anxiety 17, disturbed sleep 14, depression 09, peripheral neuropathy 03, CVA 03, amnesia and PTSD 03 each. 03 cases expired with cardiopulmonary arrest.
CONCLUSION: Post COVID syndrome observed in half of Covid survivors. The respiratory, cardiovascular, dermatological, neuropsychiatric and generalized symptoms were frequent. Authors suggest follow-up of Covid survivors. The clinical evaluation and timely management may improve quality of life and morbidity amongst survivors.
KEY WORDS: COVID-19. Post Covid Syndromes. Long Covid syndrome. Covid complications. Persistent post-Covid syndrome (PPCS), Myocarditis. Lung Fibrosis.
Evaluation of Impact of Prescribing Safety Assessment Workshop on Medical Doctors Using Kirkpatrick Model
Authors: Jehangir Adnan , Danish Khalid Farooq , Yasmeen Rahila , Rabbani Waqas , Ayub Farhana 
Published: July 2023

Background
Clinical pharmacology training is a prerequisite for all medical graduates. Prescription writing errors are not infrequent at primary health care level leading to threat to patient safety. Prescribers lacks uniform structured training and assessment which is one of the major factors for this situation across the country. In lots of institutions despite proper curriculum, learners lack interest because the subject importance is insignificant. Hence to bring more interest in pharmacology for prescribers there is a dire need for innovative and interesting methods of teaching and assessment, one of which is prescribing safety assessment (PSA).
Objectives

To assess if the PSA is superior method of training prescription writing than CPW
To evaluate the workshop on prescription writing using guidelines of Kirkpatrick Model

Methods
It was an experimental study. 44 medical doctors participated; a pre-test was taken 01 week before the workshop. Afterwards, they were randomized into 02 groups, group A went through PSA and group B followed conventional prescription writing (CPW) 01-day workshop. At the end, post-test was taken from both groups. The qualitative data was also collected from participants on feedback proforma consisting of few closed ended questions on Likert scale.
Results
The independent t-test was used to compare the data as it was in normal distribution. Posttest performance of PSA group significantly increased P ˂ 0.001 as compared to CPW. Reaction to closed ended 13 questions on Likert scale showed high satisfaction from 4.32 to 4.84 on 5 points Likert scale on workshop satisfaction.
Conclusion
PSA is an effective teaching and assessment strategy for learning clinical pharmacology. The study objectively proves its effectiveness in comparison to CPW and provides a guideline to implement this innovative and useful tool for teaching and assessment.
Keywords
Prescribing safety assessment, conventional prescription writing, Faculty development, Workshop, Impact, Kirkpatrick model.
FREQUENCY OF NEONATAL SEPSIS AMONG NEONATES PRESENTING WITH SEIZURES
Authors: Imran Abid , Rehman Sijad-Ur- , Qadir Imran , Sheikh Kainaat , Bibi Romana , Idrees Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Neonatal seizures may be the first and sometimes the only clinical symptom of neonatal central nervous system disease. Neonatal seizures may indicate an underlying treatable cause. Therefore, the identification of neonatal seizures is important in the management of high-risk newborns.
OBJECTIVE:
To determine the frequency of neonatal sepsis among neonates presenting with seizures.
Settings: Department of child health, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar.
Duration: 6 months 13/10/2018 to 13/4/2019.
Study Design: Descriptive (cross sectional) study.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
In this study a total of 195 patients were observed. All neonates were subjected to detailed clinical examination like general physical, neurological examination and detail systemic examination and complete set of baseline investigations. From all neonates, 5cc of venous blood was obtained under strict aseptic technique and was sent to hospital laboratory for measuring the TLC, Absolute neutrophil count, CRP and platelet count to confirm the presence or absence of neonatal sepsis.
RESULTS:
In this study mean age was 10 days with standard deviation ±8.36. Fifty eight percent neonates were male while 42% neonates were female. More over the 42% neonates had neonatal sepsis while 58% neonates didn’t had neonatal sepsis.
CONCLUSION:
Our study concludes that the frequency of neonatal sepsis was 42% among neonates presenting with seizures.
A CADAVERIC STUDY OF THE BRANCHING PATTERN OF RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY IN PAKISTANI POPULATION
Authors: Waheedullah Qazi , Deeba Farah , Shaukat Sadia , Zahir Samina , Iftikhar Shazia , Rehman Zainab 
Published: July 2023

Background:
It is very common for coronary arteries to vary in their origin, course and area of distribution. The knowledge about these variations is unequivocally important for a cardiac surgeon and physician. However, the prevalence of such variations varies among different populations. The already available data on variations in the anatomy of coronary arteries is mostly based on studies conducted on the western population and quite a few studies report the coronary arterial patterns of Asian population. Between the two main coronary arteries, i.e. the right coronary artery (RCA) and left coronary arteries (LCA), variation in the branching pattern of RCA is more common than LCA. The present study investigated the branching pattern of RCA in the local population in Pakistan and hence will add to the existing data on inter- and intra-population frequencies of branching pattern of RCA among non-Europeans.
Methods:
It was an observational study of six months duration and conducted on dissection cadavers available in various medical colleges of Rawalpindi and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The branching pattern of RCA was studied by blunt dissection method.
Results:
Right marginal, conus, Sinuatrial (SA) nodal, atrioventricular (AV) nodal and posterior descending arteries (PDA) were arising from RCA in majority of cases. However, the branching pattern varied from one heart to another as reported in other studies carried out in developed countries. The frequencies of branching patterns of RCA varied from those already reported in literature.
Conclusions:
RCA manifest anatomical variations in branching pattern as reported in international literature and this variation is different in different populations of the world which indicates that postnatal development, along with differences based on geography and ethnicities might contribute to the modification of anatomical pattern of coronary arteries in humans.