bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient dissatisfaction following rhinoplasty: a 10-year experience in Iran
Authors: Ghorbani Farhad , Ahmadi Hanie , Davar Ghazal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The nose is one of the most prominent parts of the face and plays a significant role in peoples’ self-satisfaction as well as quality of life. Rhinoplasty is considered as one of the most numerous and delicate cosmetic surgeries all around the world that can be performed for functional issues, esthetic issues, or both. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the dissatisfaction of patients who had undergone rhinoplasty surgery and inform the surgeons to improve the surgical techniques to prevent probable future complaints.

Method
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to report various aspects of dissatisfaction of patients following rhinoplasty. All available files in the Fars Forensic Medicine Department between 2011 and 2020 were reviewed, and the required information was extracted.

Results
Out of 117 patients, 68.4% were females and 31.6% were males. Most of the patients were in the age range of 30–34 years. In terms of educational attainment, the highest frequency is associated with academically educated patients and the lowest with a diploma. The majority of cases filed for litigation less than 6 months after their rhinoplasty. The first rank among the factors of dissatisfaction with surgeries belonged to “respiratory problems” (36.8%) followed by “dissatisfaction with the general shape of the nose” (34.2%).

Conclusion
Our study shows that middle-aged female patients may be more difficult to satisfy. In general, at younger ages, patients complain about esthetics, and with aging, most patients feel dissatisfied with nasal function.
Development of patient- and observer-reported outcome measures to assess COVID-19 signs and symptoms in children and adolescents
Authors: Romano Carla , Mayorga Margaret , Ruiz-Guiñazú Javier , Trudel Géralyn C. , Fehnel Sheri , McQuarrie Kelly , Chan Eric K. H. , Katz Eva G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The Symptoms of Infection with Coronavirus-19 (SIC) is a 30-item patient-reported outcome measure to evaluate the presence and severity of COVID-19 signs/symptoms in adults. This study expanded the context of use of the adult SIC among adolescents aged 12–17 years and supported a pediatric adaptation (the Pediatric SIC [PedSIC]) for caregiver assessment of signs/symptoms in children aged < 12 years.

Methods
Draft versions of the PedSIC and reference materials containing sign/symptom definitions for adolescents, based on an assessment of the reading level of SIC items by a professional linguist, were developed to facilitate accurate completion of the SIC by adolescents and observer-report (PedSIC) by caregivers. For adolescents, reference materials were intended to provide definitions for selected signs/symptoms identified to have a higher reading level. Iterative rounds of cognitive debriefing interviews were conducted from November 2020 to January 2021 to evaluate adolescent understanding of the SIC reference materials and inform refinement of the PedSIC for caregivers of children too young to reliably self-report. Participants were identified via databases of individuals who previously expressed interest in participating in qualitative research and were then screened for eligibility. Recruitment quotas were established to improve sample diversity. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used to assess qualitative and demographic data, respectively.

Results
Nine healthy adolescents (mean [SD, range] age, 14 [1.76, 12–17] years, 56% female, 22% non-White; round 1, n = 6; round 2, n = 3) and 17 caregivers (mean [SD, range] age, 34 [6.28, 26–41] years, 59% female, 35% non-White; round 1, n = 9; round 2, n = 8) were interviewed. Adolescents understood the majority of signs/symptoms (22 of the 30 SIC items) without assistance or use of the reference materials during the cognitive debriefing interview. Definitions were added to the reference materials for 5 additional items, and clarifications provided to existing definitions for 3 items. Seven observer-report (PedSIC) items were modified following feedback from caregivers of healthy young children. Reference materials (similar to those for adolescent use) were developed to support caregiver understanding of the intent of the PedSIC items collecting input from children ages ≥ 5– < 12 years.

Conclusions
Results support using the SIC, PedSIC, and their associated reference materials to evaluate the presence and severity of COVID-19 signs/symptoms in adolescents and children aged < 12 years via caregiver-supported report, respectively.
A frontotemporal dementia-like case after high-altitude climbing
Authors: Tunalı Cemile Hazan , Ünal Süheyla , Kamışlı Suat 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
We report a case who developed long-term neuropsychiatric sequelae similar to frontotemporal dementia after suffering a "high altitude sickness" while climbing a high mountain without taking precautions against acute hypoxia.

Case presentation
The 57-year-old patient showed symptoms of acute mountain sickness after climbing 3500 m. A few months after descending the mountain, he developed symptoms such as loss of empathy, decreased speech, perseveration, echolalia, and increased interest in sugary foods. The patient's MRI and PET/CT results were consistent with frontotemporal neurodegeneration. After the start of donepezil, persecution delusions developed, and the clinical picture worsened. In the process, he developed visual agnosia and anomic aphasia. Although there was no significant change in personality traits at the beginning, the patient developed apathy, loss of inhibition, lack of empathy, progressive aphasia, and problems perceiving and expressing emotions. A significant loss of function occurred within 4 years. The patient met the criteria for "probable behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia", but was defined as a frontotemporal dementia-like case due to possible relevance to a medical condition affecting the brain.

Conclusions
This case suggests that clinicians should be more careful about the chronic consequences of high-altitude diseases and avoid cholinesterase inhibitors such as donepezil, as it can worsen behavioral symptoms of frontotemporal dementia-like symptomatology.
What training should psychiatrists have to interpret six- and 12-lead electrocardiograms?
Authors: Crowther George , Krishnan Mani S. , Richardson Jonathan , Bowes Robert , Fitzpatrick Andrew , Tayebjee Muzahir H. 
Published: January 2023

To monitor for drug-related cardiac arrhythmias, psychiatrists regularly perform and interpret 12-lead (12L) and, increasingly often, six-lead (6L) electrocardiograms (ECGs). It is not known how training on this complex skill is updated or how well psychiatrists can interpret relevant arrhythmias on either device.We conducted an online survey and ECG interpretation test of cardiac rhythms relevant to psychiatrists.A total of 183 prescribers took part; 75% did not regularly update their ECG interpretation skills, and only 22% felt confident in interpreting ECGs. Most participants were able to recognise normal ECGs. For both 6L and 12L ECGs, the majority of participants were able to recognise abnormal ECGs, but fewer than 50% were able to correctly identify relevant arrhythmias (complete heart block and long QTc). A small number prescribed in the presence of potentially fatal arrhythmias. These findings suggest a need for mandatory ECG interpretation training to improve safe prescribing practice.
Psychological profiles, including emotion regulation characteristics, defence strategies and mentalisation capacity, of male adolescents involved in fights among peers
Authors: Cimino Silvia , Cerniglia Luca 
Published: January 2023

Background
Youth violence has become a worrying public health issue worldwide. In Europe and the USA, research has shown a prevalence of this phenomenon ranging from 30 to 70% in boys.

Aims
This descriptive study aimed to evaluate psychological profiles of male adolescents involved in fights with their peers.

Method
Identity consolidation was evaluated with the Self-Concept and Identity Measure; defence strategies were assessed by the Response Evaluation Measure for Youth; emotion regulation was assessed with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and mentalisation capacity was evaluated by the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire.

Results
Through a series of multivariate analyses of variance, our results showed that adolescents reporting four or more fights in the past year, when compared with peers reporting none or fewer than four fights, displayed lower identity consolidation, greater use of immature defence strategies, poorer emotion regulation processes and poorer mentalisation capacity.

Conclusions
The results of this study could be useful for the promotion of prevention and intervention programmes to stem fights among adolescents.
Time of Discharge and 30-Day Re-Presentation to an Acute Care Setting After Elective Lumbar Decompression Surgery
Authors: Sastry Rahul A. , Hagan Matthew , Feler Joshua , Abdulrazeq Hael , Walek Konrad , Sullivan Patricia Z. , Abinader Jose Fernandez , Camara Joaquin Q. , Niu Tianyi , Fridley Jared S. , Oyelese Adetokunbo A. , Sampath Prakash , Telfeian Albert E. , Gokaslan Ziya L. , Toms Steven A. , Weil Robert J. 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Evidence regarding the consequence of efforts to increase patient throughput and decrease length of stay in the context of elective spine surgery is limited.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate whether early time of discharge results in increased rates of hospital readmission or return to emergency department for patients admitted after elective, posterior, lumbar decompression surgery.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 779 patients admitted to hospital after undergoing elective, posterior, lumbar decompression surgery. Multiple logistic regression evaluated the relationship between time of discharge and the primary outcome of return to acute care within 30 days, while controlling for sociodemographic, procedural, and discharge characteristics.

RESULTS:
In multiple logistic regression, time of discharge earlier in the day was not associated with increased odds of return to acute care within 30 days (odds ratio [OR] 1.18, 95% CI 0.92-1.52, P = .19). Weekend discharge (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.04-3.79, P = .04) increased the likelihood of return to acute care. Surgeon experience (<1 year of attending practice, OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.19-1.00, P = .05 and 2-5 years of attending practice, OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.25-1.01, P = .054), weekend discharge (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.27-0.89, P = .02), and physical therapy evaluation (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.12-0.33, P < .001) decreased the likelihood of discharge before noon.

CONCLUSION:
Time of discharge is not associated with risk of readmission or presentation to the emergency department after elective lumbar decompression. Weekend discharge is independently associated with increased risk of readmission and decreased likelihood of prenoon discharge.
Evaluation of Selective Tibial Neurotomy for the Spastic Foot Treatment Using a Personal Goal-Centered Approach: A 1-Year Cohort Study
Authors: Dauleac Corentin , Luaute Jacques , Rode Gilles , Afif Afif , Sindou Marc , Mertens Patrick 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Selective tibial neurotomy (STN) has already demonstrated its effectiveness to reduce foot deformities and spasticity, but assessment according to a goal-centered approach is missing.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the effectiveness of STN associated with a postoperative rehabilitation program for the treatment of the spastic foot, according to a goal-centered approach.

METHODS:
Interventional study (before-after STN and rehabilitation program) with observational design including consecutive adult patients with spastic foot, who received STN followed by a rehabilitation program, was performed. The primary outcome measure was the achievement of individual goals at the 1-year follow-up using the Goal Attainment Scaling methodology (with T-score). The secondary outcomes measures were the Modified Ashworth Scale and the modified Rankin Score.

RESULTS:
A total of 104 patients were included. At the 1-year follow-up, 228/252 (90.5%) goals were achieved: 62/252 (24.6%) were achieved as initially expected, 86/252 (34.1%) were achieved better than initially expected, and 80 (31.7%) were achieved much better than initially expected. The mean T-score was significantly increased at the 1-year follow-up (61.5 ± 10.5) compared with the preoperative period (38.1 ± 2.9, P < .00001), and 95/104 (91.3%) patients had a T-score ≥50, meaning that these patients have achieved their goals. At follow-up, spastic deformities were all significantly decreased (P < .0001), the Modified Ashworth Scale was significantly lower for each muscle targeted (P < .0001), and the modified Rankin Score was significantly decreased (P < .0001) allowing the patient population to improve from a moderate to a slight disability status.

CONCLUSION:
This study showed that STN, associated with a postoperative rehabilitation program, successfully achieve personal goals in patients with spastic foot.
Feasibility and Accuracy of Robot-Assisted, Stereotactic Biopsy Using 3-Dimensional Intraoperative Imaging and Frameless Registration Tool
Authors: Deboeuf Louise , Moiraghi Alessandro , Debacker Clément , Peeters Sophie M. , Simboli Giorgia Antonia , Roux Alexandre , Dezamis Edouard , Oppenheim Catherine , Chretien Fabrice , Pallud Johan , Zanello Marc 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Robot-assisted stereotactic biopsy is evolving: 3-dimensional intraoperative imaging tools and new frameless registration systems are spreading.

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the accuracy and effectiveness of a new stereotactic biopsy procedure.

METHODS:
Observational, retrospective analysis of consecutive robot-assisted stereotactic biopsies using the Neurolocate (Renishaw) frameless registration system and intraoperative O-Arm (Medtronic) performed at a single institution in adults (2019-2021) and comparison with a historical series from the same institution (2006-2016) not using the Neurolocate nor the O-Arm.

RESULTS:
In 100 patients (55% men), 6.2 ± 2.5 (1-14) biopsy samples were obtained at 1.7 ± 0.7 (1-3) biopsy sites. An histomolecular diagnosis was obtained in 96% of cases. The mean duration of the procedure was 59.0 ± 22.3 min. The mean distance between the planned and the actual target was 0.7 ± 0.7 mm. On systematic postoperative computed tomography scans, a hemorrhage ≥10 mm was observed in 8 cases (8%) while pneumocephalus was distant from the biopsy site in 76%. A Karnofsky Performance Status score decrease ≥20 points postoperatively was observed in 4%. The average dose length product was 159.7 ± 63.4 mGy cm. Compared with the historical neurosurgical procedure, this new procedure had similar diagnostic yield (96 vs 98.7%; P = .111) and rate of postoperative disability (4.0 vs 4.2%, P = .914) but was shorter (57.8 ± 22.9 vs 77.8 ± 20.9 min; P < .001) despite older patients.

CONCLUSION:
Robot-assisted stereotactic biopsy using the Neurolocate frameless registration system and intraoperative O-Arm is a safe and effective neurosurgical procedure. The accuracy of this robot-assisted surgery supports its effectiveness for daily use in stereotactic neurosurgery.
Internal Ventricular Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt for Adult Hydrocephalus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Infection Rate
Authors: Ramasy Razafindratovo Rado Malalatiana , Migliavaca Celina Borges , Chevret Sylvie , Champeaux-Depond Charles 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Hydrocephalus is a common neurological condition that usually requires internal ventricular cerebrospinal fluid shunt (IVCSFS). The reported infection rate (IR) varies greatly from below 1% up to over 50%, but no meta-analysis to assess the overall IR has ever been performed.

OBJECTIVE:
To determine the IVCSFS overall IR in the adult population and search for associated factors.

METHODS:
Six databases were searched from January 1990 to July 2022. Only original articles reporting on adult IVCSFS IR were included. Random-effects meta-analysis with generalized linear mixed model method and logit transformation was used to assess the overall IR.

RESULTS:
Of 1703 identified articles, 44 were selected, reporting on 57 259 patients who had IVCSFS implantation and 2546 infections. The pooled IR value and its 95% CI were 4.75%, 95% CI (3.8 to 5.92). Ninety-five percent prediction interval ranged from 1.19% to 17.1%. The patients who had IVCSFS after intracranial hemorrhage showed a higher IR (7.65%, 95% CI [5.82 to 10], P-value = .002). A meta-regression by year of publication found a decreasing IR (−0.031, 95% CI [−0.06 to 0.003], P-value = .032) over the past 32 years.

CONCLUSION:
IVCSF is a procedure that every neurosurgeon should be well trained to perform. However, the complication rate remains high, with an estimated overall IR of 4.75%. The IR is especially elevated for hydrocephalic patients who require IVCSFS after intracranial hemorrhage. However, decades of surgical advances may have succeeded in reducing IR over the past 32 years.
Comparison of Single-Session, Neoadjuvant, and Adjuvant Embolization Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Kim Myung Ji , Jung Hyun Ho , Kim Yong Bae , Chang Jong Hee , Chang Jin Woo , Park Keun Young , Chang Won Seok 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
The purpose of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) treatment is to prevent bleeding or subsequent hemorrhage with complete obliteration. For large, difficult-to-treat AVMs, multimodal approaches including surgery, endovascular embolization, and gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) are frequently used.

OBJECTIVE:
To analyze the outcomes of AVMs treated with single-session, neoadjuvant, and adjuvant embolization GKRS.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed a database of 453 patients with AVMs who underwent GKRS between January 2007 and December 2017 at our facility. The obliteration rate, incidence of latent period bleeding, cyst formation, and radiation-induced changes were compared among the 3 groups, neoadjuvant-embolized, adjuvant-embolized, nonembolized group. In addition, the variables predicting AVM obliteration and complications were investigated.

RESULTS:
A total of 228 patients were enrolled in this study. The neoadjuvant-embolized, adjuvant-embolized, and nonembolized groups comprised 29 (12.7%), 19 (8.3%), and 180 (78.9%) patients, respectively. Significant differences were detected among the 3 groups in the history of previous hemorrhage and the presence of aneurysms (P < .0001). Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed a significant inverse correlation between neoadjuvant embolization and obliteration occurring 36 months after GKRS (hazard ratio, 0.326; P = .006).

CONCLUSION:
GKRS with either neoadjuvant or adjuvant embolization is a beneficial approach for the treatment of AVMs with highly complex angioarchitectures that are at risk for hemorrhage during the latency period. Embolization before GKRS may be a negative predictive factor for late-stage obliteration (>36 months). To confirm our conclusions, further studies involving a larger number of patients and continuous follow-up are necessary.
Futile Recanalization After Endovascular Treatment in Patients With Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion
Authors: Yang Jie , Jin Zhenglong , Song Jiaxing , Guo Changwei , Xie Dongjing , Yue Chengsong , Kong Weilin , Hu Jinrong , Luo Weidong , Liu Shuai , Huang Jiacheng , Zeng Guoyong 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
It is estimated that >50% of acute basilar artery occlusion (ABAO) patients with successful reperfusion after endovascular treatment (EVT) have futile recanalization. However, few studies investigated the reasons behind this.

OBJECTIVE:
To identify the factors associated with futile recanalization in ABAO after successful reperfusion.

METHODS:
We recruited patients with successful reperfusion (expanded Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction score of ≥2b) after EVT from the Basilar Artery Occlusion Study registry. Patients were divided into meaningful recanalization (90-day modified Rankin Scale 0-3) and futile recanalization (90-day modified Rankin Scale 4-6) groups. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the predictors of futile recanalization.

RESULTS:
A total of 522 patients with successful reperfusion were selected. Of these, 328 patients had futile recanalization and 194 had meaningful recanalization. Multivariable logistic regression shows that higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (P = .01), higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (P < .001), longer puncture to recanalization time (P = .02), lower baseline posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score (P < .001), lower posterior circulation collateral score (P = .02), incomplete reperfusion (P < .001), and diabetes mellitus (P < .001) were predictors of futile recanalization.

CONCLUSION:
Higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, longer puncture to recanalization time, incomplete reperfusion, stroke severity, lower baseline posterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score, poor collaterals, and diabetes mellitus were independent predictors of futile recanalization in patients with ABAO with successful reperfusion after EVT. Moreover, multiple stent retriever passes were associated with a high proportion of futile recanalization in patients with late time windows.
Identifying the Sources of Racial Disparity in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease With Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Skelton Henry M. , Grogan Dayton P. , Laxpati Nealen G. , Miocinovic Svjetlana , Gross Robert E. , Yong Nicholas Au 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND:
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a highly efficacious treatment for appropriately selected patients with advanced, medically refractory Parkinson’s disease (PD). It is severely underutilized in Black patients—constituting a major treatment gap. The source of this disparity is unknown, but its identification and correction are necessary to provide equitable care.

OBJECTIVE:
To identify sources of racial disparity in DBS for PD.

METHODS:
We predicted the demographics of potential DBS candidates by synthesizing published data on PD and race. We retrospectively examined the clinical course of a cohort including all patients with PD evaluated for DBS at our center from 2016 to 2020, testing whether the rate of DBS use and time from evaluation to surgery differed by race. We also tested whether the geographic distribution of patient catchment was biased relative to racial demographics.

RESULTS:
Far fewer Black patients were evaluated for DBS than would be expected, given regional demographics. There was no significant difference in the rate at which Black patients evaluated in our clinic were treated with DBS, compared with White patients. Fewer patients were recruited from portions of the surrounding area with larger Black populations.

CONCLUSION:
The known underuse of DBS in Black patients with PD was replicated in this sample from a center in a racially diverse metropolitan area, but was not attributable to the presurgical workup. Future work should examine the transition from medical management to surgical evaluation where drivers of disparity are potentially situated. Surgical practices should increase outreach to physicians managing PD in underserved areas.