bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival analysis and obstetric outcomes in patients with early stage ovarian cancer undergoing fertility-sparing surgery
Authors: Birge Özer , Bakır Mehmet Sait , Doğan Selen , Tuncer Hasan Aykut , Simsek Tayup 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the long-term outcomes in patients with early stage ovarian cancer undergoing fertility-sparing surgery.

Methods
The present study performed a retrospective analysis of recurrence, pregnancy and survival of a total of 66 patients who were diagnosed with early stage ovarian cancer (stage I) in XXX Faculty of Medicine Hospital between 2004 and 2019. Of these patients, 16 had undergone fertility-sparing surgery, and the remaining 50 patients had undergone radical surgery.

Results
Of 66 eligible patients, 16 had undergone fertility-sparing surgery, and the remaining 50 patients had undergone radical complete surgery. When demographic and descriptive data are taken into consideration, the mean age was 32.6 ± 6.76 years in patients undergoing fertility-sparing surgery and 54.05 ± 10.8 years in patients undergoing complete surgery, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.001). Of patients undergoing fertility-sparing surgery, 11 (16.7%) had stage Ia disease (most common), 5 (7.5%) had stage Ic disease, whereas no patient with stage Ib disease was detected. Of patients undergoing complete radical surgery, 32 (48.5%) had stage Ia disease (most common), 1 (1.5%) had stage Ib disease with bilateral ovarian involvement, and stage Ic was the second most common disease stage. Also, stage Ic3 was the most common disease stage (8 patients, 12.1%) among those with stage Ic disease. The rate of recurrence was 4.5% (3 patients) in patients undergoing fertility-sparing surgery, and recurrences occurred at 37 months, 69 months, and 76 months, respectively. A patient with stage Ic3 disease and endometrioid type tumor who developed recurrence at 37 months died at 130 months. Of patients undergoing complete surgery, ten patients (15.2%) developed recurrence, and there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of recurrence (p = 1.00). At the end of 15-year follow-up period, there was no significant difference between patients undergoing fertility-preserving surgery and those undergoing complete surgery in terms of mortality (p = 0.668).

Conclusion
The observation of significant findings in terms of the rate of recurrence and disease-free survival following fertility-sparing surgery in patients with low-risk early stage ovarian cancer suggests that survival is positively affected in early stage ovarian cancer.
Reducing HIV-related stigma among young people attending school in Northern Uganda: study protocol for a participatory arts-based population health intervention and stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial
Authors: Mendelsohn Joshua B. , Fournier Bonnie , Caron-Roy Stéphanie , Maina Geoffrey , Strudwick Gillian , Ojok Santo , Lim Hyun June , Sanches Marcos , Logie Carmen H. , Sommerfeldt Susan , Nykiforuk Candace , Harrowing Jean , Adyanga Francis Akena , Hakiigaba Jussy Okello , Bilash Olenka 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
HIV-related stigma negatively impacts HIV prevention, treatment, and care, particularly among children and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa. Interventions that are culturally grounded and relevant for addressing root causes may reduce the stigma experienced by HIV-positive and HIV-affected young people. This study, to be conducted in a post-conflict, rural setting in Omoro District, Uganda, will develop and evaluate a transformative arts-based HIV-related stigma intervention rooted in local cultural knowledge to reduce stigma and improve HIV prevention and care for young people living with HIV. The intervention will be delivered to young people attending school by community Elders, with the support of teachers, through the transfer of local cultural knowledge and practices with the aim of re-establishing the important cultural and social role of Elders within a community that has suffered the loss of intergenerational transfer of cultural knowledge throughout a 25-year civil war.

Methods
A formative research phase consisting of interviews with students, teachers, and Elders will inform the intervention and provide data for study objectives. Workshops will be delivered to Elders and teachers in participating schools to build capacity for arts-based, educational workshops to be conducted with students in the classroom. The intervention will be evaluated using a stepped-wedge cluster-randomized trial. Government-funded schools in Omoro District will be randomized into three blocks, each comprised of two primary and two secondary schools (n=1800 students). Schools will be randomly assigned to a crossover sequence from control to intervention condition in 8-week intervals. A process evaluation will be implemented throughout the study to evaluate pathways between intervention development, implementation, and effects.

Discussion
This study will generate comprehensive, in-depth participatory research and evaluation data to inform an effective and sustainable protocol for implementing arts-based HIV stigma interventions for young people in school settings. Findings will have widespread implications in post-conflict settings for HIV prevention, treatment, and care.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04946071. Registered on 30 June 2021.
Use of glucagon in severe hypoglycemia is scarce in most countries, and has not been expanded by new ready-to-use glucagons
Authors: Pontiroli Antonio E. , Rizzo Manfredi , Tagliabue Elena 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlucagon (traditional kits for intramuscular administration, Glucagon and Glucagen), although recommended as a remedy for severe hypoglycemia (SH), has been reported to be under-utilized, likely because of technical problems. The aims of this study were to evaluate the use of glucagon in persons with type 1 diabetes in several countries, and to investigate if the availability of new ready-to-use glucagons (Baqsimi, Gvoke, Zegalogue, years 2019 to 2021) has expanded the overall use of glucagon. The source of data was IQVIA-MIDAS (units of glucagon sold), while data on persons with type 1 diabetes in countries were derived from IDF Diabetes Atlas. The use of glucagon has been steady from 2014 to 2019, with a small but significant increase from 2019 to 2021, paradoxically only in countries where new ready-to-use glucagons were not available. The use of glucagon has always been ten fold greater in countries where new ready-to-use glucagons became available than in the other countries (population 108,000,000 vs 28,100,000, 480,291 vs 182,018 persons with type 1 diabetes). A significant correlation was observed in all years between units of glucagon and persons with type 1 diabetes. Availability of new ready-to-use glucagons was associated with a small increase of sales, due only to new ready-to-use glucagons themselves. The use of glucagon (any type) remains low, approximately 1/10 of persons with type 1 diabetes. We conclude that use of glucagon is scarce in most countries, and so far has not been expanded by new ready-to-use glucagons such as the ones considered in this study.
Metagenomic analysis of the interaction between the gut microbiota and colorectal cancer: a paired-sample study based on the GMrepo database
Authors: Chen Han , Jiao Jianhua , Wei Min , Jiang Xingzhou , Yang Ruoyun , Yu Xin , Zhang Guoxin , Zhou Xiaoying 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous evidence has shown that the gut microbiota plays a role in the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to provide quantitative analysis and visualization of the interaction between the gut microbiota and CRC in order to establish a more precise microbiota panel for CRC diagnosis.

Method
A paired-sample study was designed by retrieving original metagenomic data from the GMrepo database. The differences in the distribution of the gut microbiota between CRCs and controls were analysed at the species level. A co-occurrence network was established, and the microbial interactions with environmental factors were assessed. Random forest models were used to determine significant biomarkers for differentiating CRC and control samples.

Results
A total of 709 metagenomic samples from 6 projects were identified. After matching, 86 CRC patients and 86 matched healthy controls from six countries were enrolled. A total of 484 microbial species and 166 related genera were analysed. In addition to previously recognized associations between Fusobacterium nucleatum and species belonging to the genera Peptostreptococcus, Porphyromonas, and Prevotella and CRC, we found new associations with the novel species of Parvimonas micra and Collinsella tanakaei. In CRC patients, Bacteroides uniformis and Collinsella tanakaei were positively correlated with age, whereas Dorea longicatena, Adlercreutzia equolifaciens, and Eubacterium hallii had positive associations with body mass index (BMI). Finally, a random forest model was established by integrating different numbers of species with the highest model-building importance and lowest inner subcategory bias. The median value of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.812 in the training cohort and 0.790 in the validation set.

Conclusions
Our study provides a novel bioinformatics approach for investigating the interaction between the gut microbiota and CRC using an online free database. The identification of key species and their associated genes should be further emphasized to determine the relative causality of microbial organisms in the development of CRC.
Middle Triassic Nautilida from the Besano Formation of Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland
Authors: Pieroni Vittorio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor the first time, nautilids from the Besano Formation (Anisian/Ladinian boundary) are documented. The extremely rare material was collected from two different outcrops at Monte San Giorgio (Southern Alps, Ticino, Switzerland). This material is represented by only five specimens described here. The three best specimens belong to the taxa Enoploceras rieberi sp. nov., Germanonautilus aff. ellipticus and Syringonautilus sp. indet., documenting the presence of the families Tainoceratidae and Syringonautilidae in the middle Besano Formation. Another nautilid specimen is described in open nomenclature, representing an additional taxon. The new species Enoploceras rieberi n. sp. is currently the only occurrence of the genus Enoploceras in the Middle Triassic. Nautilida are poorly known from the Middle Triassic Tethyan region, mostly from sediments deposited in pelagic environments. This is the first record of these nautilids from an usually anoxic depositional paleoenvironment of an intra-platform basin, where the sediments of the Besano Formation were laid down.ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:61CF9E69-0F12-4D63-8CD7-0F2C8BA15C7C
Snail meat consumption in Buea-Cameroon: exposures to foodborne pathogens through social practices assessed in 2019 and 2021
Authors: Tanyitiku Mary Nkongho , Nicholas Graeme , Sullivan Jon J. , Njombissie Petcheu Igor C. , On Stephen L. W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundSnail meat is an important source of nutrition in Cameroon, but the food safety risks are poorly understood. We characterized public health risks from snail meat consumption as a social system in Cameroon, by examining local snail practices that expose snail meat handlers and consumers to foodborne pathogens.MethodsWe used exploratory qualitative approaches, that is, lived experience, face-to-face in-depth interviews, participant observation and a focus group, to explore fifteen key informants’ routines and lived experiences, and perceptions of two health officials on the food safety practices around snail meat consumption in Cameroon. This information was organized and interpreted using Soft Systems Methodology and Social Practice Theory, which permitted a systemic appreciation of local practices.ResultsWe distinguished five kinds of actors (snail vendors, market sellers, street vendors, street eaters and home consumers), who performed seven successive practices (picking, selling, cracking, washing, cooking, hawking and eating). We then identified three worldviews about snails: family support or to reduce poverty, a source of nutrition and a food choice (taste, preference). Our findings revealed participants’ competences were based on childhood learning and ‘inborn’ experiences, and materials used in snail activities reflected participants’ parentage and ‘state of poverty’. Although most interviewees highlighted ‘unhygienic conditions’ when explaining snail picking locations, participants believed washing and cooking should kill all contaminants.ConclusionSeveral opportunities for human exposures to foodborne pathogens including snail picking in domestic wastes and sewage, the selling of unpackaged live snails, improper snail meat washing and hawking in loosely closed buckets, were apparent from our analysis. These findings suggest fruitful opportunities aimed at improving health outcomes among African snail meat handlers and consumers.
Cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of the food additive tartrazine on eukaryotic cells
Authors: dos Santos Jailson Rodrigues , de Sousa Soares Larissa , Soares Bruno Moreira , de Gomes Farias Marlene , de Oliveira Victor Alves , de Sousa Natan Antônio Batista , Negreiros Helber Alves , da Silva Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro , Peron Ana Paula , Pacheco Ana Carolina Landim , Marques Márcia Maria Mendes , Gonçalves Juan Carlos Ramos , Montenegro Raquel Carvalho , Islam Muhammad Torequl , Sharifi-Rad Javad , Mubarak Mohammad S. , de Melo Cavalcante Ana Amélia Carvalho , de Castro e Sousa João Marcelo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Among the food additives used in the food industry, food dyes are considered the most toxic. For instance, tartrazine (TRZ) is a food colorant commercially available with conflicting data regarding its cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic effects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and mutagenic potential of TRZ using different eukaryotic cells (in vitro).

Methods
This study employed 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), brine shrimp lethality, Allium cepa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae tests. Different concentrations of TRZ and different exposure times were used in this study.

Results
The results demonstrate that TRZ induced a concentration-dependent toxic effect on the test systems. It also exerted cytotoxicity in fibroblasts and human gastric cells. In addition, TRZ showed mutagenic effects on the A. cepa test system. However, its toxicogenic effects may not relate to the oxidizing activity, which was confirmed by the S. cerevisiae test model.

Conclusion
Taken together, TRZ exerted toxicogenic effects on the test systems. Therefore, it may be harmful to health, especially its prolonged use may trigger carcinogenesis.
Time-dependent suicide rates among Army soldiers returning from an Afghanistan/Iraq deployment, by military rank and component
Authors: Adams Rachel Sayko , Forster Jeri E. , Gradus Jaimie L. , Hoffmire Claire A. , Hostetter Trisha A. , Larson Mary Jo , Walsh Colin G. , Brenner Lisa A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To date, knowledge is limited regarding time-dependent suicide risk in the years following return from deployment and whether such rates vary by military rank (i.e., enlisted, officer) or component (i.e., active duty, National Guard, reserve). To address these gaps in knowledge, the objectives of this study were to determine and compare postdeployment suicide rates and trends (percent change over time), and hazard rates for Army soldiers, by rank and component (measured at the end of the deployment).

Methods
Longitudinal cohort study of 860,930 Army soldiers returning from Afghanistan/Iraq deployment in fiscal years 2008–2014 from the Substance Use and Psychological Injury Combat study. Death by suicide was observed from the end of the first deployment in the study period through 2018 (i.e., the most recently available mortality data) for up to 11 years of follow-up. Analyses were conducted in 2021–2022.

Results
Adjusting for age, lowest-ranking Junior Enlisted (E1–E4) soldiers had a suicide rate 1.58 times higher than Senior Enlisted (E5–E9)/Warrant Officers (95% CI [1.24, 2.01]) and 2.41 times higher than Officers (95% CI [1.78, 3.29]). Suicide rates among lower-ranking enlisted soldiers remained elevated for 11 years postdeployment. Overall and annual postdeployment suicide rates did not differ significantly across components. Comparisons across rank and component for females were generally consistent with the full cohort results.

Conclusions
Lower-ranking enlisted soldiers had the highest rate of suicide, underscoring the importance of understanding rank as it relates to social determinants of health. For over a decade following Afghanistan/Iraq deployment, lower-enlisted rank during deployment was associated with an elevated rate of suicide; thereby suggesting that postdeployment prevention interventions targeting lower-ranking military members are warranted.
Efficacy and safety of native type II collagen in modulating knee osteoarthritis symptoms: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Luo Cheng , Su Weike , Song Ying , Srivastava Shalini 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposeKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of clinical arthritis in middle-aged and older individuals. Undenatured or native type II (TII) collagen derived from the chicken sternum has a good therapeutic effect on relieving severe pain of OA. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of TII collagen (Native CT-II®) in individuals with knee OA.MethodsWe conducted a 12-week randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study on 101 participants aged 40–65 years with knee OA. The participants were randomised to receive either TII collagen, glucosamine hydrochloride + chondroitin sulfate (G + C) or a placebo. The primary outcome was an improvement in the joint health of the participants assessed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) compared to G + C and placebo.ResultsCompared with the placebo group (n = 27), the TII collagen group (n = 29) and G + C group (n = 29) significantly improved the overall joint health measured by the change in WOMAC total score (week 12: TII collagen = -32.47 ± 19.51 and G + C = -33.74 ± 24.64 vs. placebo = -13.84 ± 17.61; p < 0.05) and relieved knee joint pain (week 12: TII collagen = -5.69 ± 3.66 and G + C = -6.03 ± 4.72 vs. placebo = -2.71 ± 3.95; p < 0.05). The statistically significant effect was observed as early as 4 weeks after the investigational product administration. Additionally, the TII collagen was more effective in improving the quality of life than the G + C.ConclusionTII collagen not only has a significantly better effect and high safety profile for OA but also improves the quality of life of patients.Level of EvidenceLevel 1 – Randomized Controlled Trial.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT04470336; First submitted date: July 08, 2020; First posted date: July 14, 2020.
Inflammation context in Alzheimer’s disease, a relationship intricate to define
Authors: Novoa Catalina , Salazar Paulina , Cisternas Pedro , Gherardelli Camila , Vera-Salazar Roberto , Zolezzi Juan M. , Inestrosa Nibaldo C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregates. Importantly, Aβ and tau species are able to activate astrocytes and microglia, which release several proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), together with reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS), triggering neuroinflammation. However, this inflammatory response has a dual function: it can play a protective role by increasing Aβ degradation and clearance, but it can also contribute to Aβ and tau overproduction and induce neurodegeneration and synaptic loss. Due to the significant role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of AD, several inflammatory mediators have been proposed as AD markers, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, Iba-1, GFAP, NF-κB, TLR2, and MHCII. Importantly, the use of anti-inflammatory drugs such as NSAIDs has emerged as a potential treatment against AD. Moreover, diseases related to systemic or local inflammation, including infections, cerebrovascular accidents, and obesity, have been proposed as risk factors for the development of AD. In the following review, we focus on key inflammatory processes associated with AD pathogenesis.
The Effects of Exercise Training on Recovery of Biochemical and Hematological Outcomes in Patients Surviving COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Assessor-Blinded Trial
Authors: Tartibian Bakhtyar , Khayat Sirwan Mohammad Amini , Maleki Behzad Hajizadeh , Chehrazi Mohammad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
No previous research has investigated the direct effects of exercise interventions on COVID-19 outcomes. The aim is to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of home-based moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), resistance training (RT), and combined aerobic and resistance training (CET) on biochemical and hematologic markers associated with COVID-19 symptoms and severity in COVID-19 survivors.

Methods
A total of 547 male and female COVID-19 survivors were screened, and 296 (aged 20–93 years) were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to one of four groups: MICT (n = 74), RT (n = 74), CET (n = 74), or non-exercise (NON-EX, n = 74). Blood samples were taken at baseline, at week 4, and week 8 after training.

Results
After the intervention, compared with the NON-EX group, all 3 MICT, RT, and CET interventions caused significant improvements in the levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), C-reactive protein (CRP), troponin-I, d-dimer, creatinine, urea, potassium (K), sodium (Na), white blood cell (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, red blood cells (RBC), platelets, hemoglobin, and hematocrit concentrations (P < 0.05). CET was effectively superior to MICT and RT in the improvements in the biochemical and hematological variables studied (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Overall, the present study demonstrates that long-term MICT plus RT interventions have a synergistic effect in accelerating and enhancing the recovery in patients surviving COVID-19.
Trial registration IRCT20160605028270N3, 6 September 2020.