bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ascertainment of causes of neonatal death using verbal autopsy in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mishra Ashutosh , Sinha Smita , Bhadoria Ajeet S. , Khare Chetan 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
India shares a huge burden of the total number of global neonatal deaths. The neonatal mortality rate in Uttarakhand is higher in comparison to the national rate. Understanding the causes and contextual factors that contribute to neonatal deaths is critical for developing a health programme and policy. Therefore, this study was aimed to ascertain causes of neonatal deaths using verbal autopsy in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand.

Material and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand from July 2018 to June 2019. The study participants were mothers or primary caregivers of deceased neonates. The verbal autopsy tool of the National Health Mission, Government of India was used to collect data. All neonatal deaths from July 2018 to June 2019 were included in this study. The cause of neonatal death was ascertained by two independent doctors.

Results:
A total of 23 neonatal deaths could be traced during July 2018 through June 2019 in Rishikesh. One death was excluded from the study. Sixty-eight percent (15/22) of neonatal deaths occurred in the first week of life. Major causes of neonatal deaths were perinatal asphyxia (7/22), congenital malformation (6/22), and prematurity (4/22). Most (9/22) of the delays were in making a decision to seek medical care for neonates.

Conclusion:
The major causes of neonatal deaths were perinatal asphyxia, congenital malformation, and prematurity. Most of the deaths occurred during the early neonatal period.
Training of Family Medicine residents in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Upadhyay Smita , Flora Rebecca , Rajaee Arezoo , Ugiliweneza Beatrice , Iles Ashley M. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The immediate impact of the pandemic on resident training has been well documented. As the pandemic and its effects persisted beyond what was initially predicted, this study aimed to assess the impact of the pandemic on the training of family medicine (FM) residents a year after it began and to assess the burnout residents experienced during this period.

Methods:
The survey was conducted between January 18 and February 18, 2021. Participation was solicited via an email sent to the program directors throughout the US, who were asked to circulate the survey among their residents. The questionnaire was divided into sections to assess the impact of the pandemic on clinical training, didactics, and preparedness for the next phase in the career. In addition, the burnout experienced was assessed using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory.

Results:
227 responses were analyzed. 83% (n = 186) of respondents felt that the pandemic had a negative impact on their training and 63% (n = 141) felt that the pandemic had a negative impact on didactics. 50% (n = 44) of the third-year residents thought that they would be able to meet the graduation requirement for outpatient encounters. 41% (n = 36) of the third-year residents felt less prepared for the next step in their careers. 119 respondents met the cutoff threshold for personal burnout, 134 for work-related burnout, and 65 for client-related burnout.

Conclusion:
Residency training is difficult with high reported rates of burnout before the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reinforces the evidence that the pandemic made both mental well-being and adequate training more difficult for FM residents across the country.
Knowledge and practice and attitude toward cupping therapy among physicians in Sheikh Khalifa medical city
Authors: Al Zaabi Meera , Al Zuraiqi Esraa , Al Dhanhani Jawaher , Al Yammahi Maryam , Al Teniji Muna , Darwish Ebtihal 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Complementary medicine (CM) is gaining popularity worldwide. According to the 2019 World Health Organization global report on traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM), 80% of member states acknowledged practicing T&CM. In the United Arab Emirates, T&CM practice prevalence in 2012 was 20–39%. These trends highlight physicians’ need for knowledge on CM, such as cupping therapy.

Objective:
This study aims to assess knowledge, practice, and attitude toward cupping therapy (CT) among physicians in Sheikh Khalifa medical city (SKMC).

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to March 2021 among the physicians of SKMC. The survey was carried out using an online questionnaire. The questionnaire included four sections: socio-demographics, knowledge of physicians toward cupping therapy, physicians’ attitude toward cupping therapy, and physicians’ practice toward cupping therapy. SPSS version 28 was used for data analysis. Data were reported in frequencies and percentages. A P value of <0.05 is the level of statistical significance.

Results:
The response rate was 83%. Among the 154 participants, 67.5% had adequate knowledge of CT, 66.9% showed a positive attitude, and 31.2% reported good practice toward CT. Individuals below 40 years reported significantly lesser knowledge than individuals over 40 years (p = 0.035, OR 0.49 [0.246–0.998]). Over 80% of physicians concur that cupping therapy can be used to treat and manage low back pain, joint discomfort, headache, migraine, and anxiety. The majority of physicians believe that education regarding cupping therapy is required.

Conclusions:
Most physicians had adequate knowledge and a positive attitude toward cupping therapy.
Relationship between hypertension and smoking: A preliminary study in South Kashmiri population of J&K
Authors: Wagai Gowher A. , Jeelani Ubaid , Beg Mashkoor Ahmad , Romshoo Ghulam Jeelani 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Smoking has been found to have a profound effect on mortality and cause-specific cardiovascular events in hypertension with significant interactions between the effects of smoking and hypertension and diabetes. Nevertheless, smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted on the patients visiting the medical Out Patient Department, Government Medical College (OPD GMC), Anantnag, for consultation with an aim to find whether smoking can be linked with CVD as a cause. A total of 304 patients were observed during this period for health check-ups.

Results:
The result reveals that 90% of male subjects across the age groups formulated in this study were in habit of smoking. In addition, 75% of female subjects across all age groups were also found to be in the habit of smoking. The majority of subjects including male subjects were potentially susceptible to CVD. The present prospective study was carried out to assess the role of smoking in causing hypertension and thereby various CVDs among the south Kashmiri population with high blood pressure levels in presence of high smoking rates.

Discussions:
Smoking acutely exerts a hypertensive effect, mainly through the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Chronic smoking affecting arterial stiffness and wave reflection has greater detrimental effect on central blood pressure, which is more closely related to target organ damage than brachial blood pressure. Hypertensive smokers are more likely to develop severe forms of hypertension, including malignant and renovascular hypertension, an effect likely due to accelerated atherosclerosis.

Conclusion:
Smoking is potentially a leading cause of CVD among the South Kashmiri Population with high blood pressure levels in presence of high-smoking rates. Therefore, imperative measures regarding cessation of smoking are essential to prevent CVD which in line with clinical practice guidelines and policies should be emphasized to treat nicotine addiction in smokers by incorporating multicomponent and multilevel approaches for the better management of BP among the population studied.
Health facility utilization and Healthcare-seeking behaviour of the elderly population in India
Authors: Roopani  , Dumka Neha , Ahmad Tarannum , Hannah Erin , Kotwal Atul 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The increasing elderly population in India has generated an unmet need for healthcare services concerning them. To address some of those needs, the study aims to provide the current status of health facility utilization, health-seeking behaviour (HSB), and factors influencing them.

Methodology:
Data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI)-Wave I was used to conduct multivariate analysis to assess the association between health facility utilization (inpatient and outpatient) and HSB across all age groups of the elderly.

Results:
The likelihood of utilizing public health facilities increased with age for OPD and decreased with age for IPD. HSB was 23% less in the 80 years and above elderly as compared to other age groups. Healthcare service uptake was higher in the elderly with health insurance in a public health facility.

Conclusion:
Improving health insurance coverage among the Indian elderly may potentially improve healthcare service uptake in public health facilities.
Role of neonatal cerebrospinal fluid cytology in correlation to C-reactive protein, blood culture, risk factors and clinical outcomes in neonatal intensive care
Authors: Pradhan Prita , Mishra Reshmi , Panda Santosh Kumar , Panigrahi Ranjita , Senapati Urmila , Sarangi Rajlaxmi , Panigrahi Kumudini 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The number of neonatal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples sent from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for cytologic examination is rising, warranting accurate analysis and interpretation of the same. This study was taken up to assess the usefulness of CSF cell count and cytology in NICU settings, as it can be used even in a resource-limited setting.

Aim and Objective:
1) To study the prevalence of cell count and cytologic changes in CSF from NICU and assess their usefulness in correlation to C-reactive protein, CSF neutrophil percentage, blood, CSF culture, and other biochemical parameters. 2) To correlate cell counts and cytology with age, period of gestation, presence, and absence of sepsis, seizures, intracranial hemorrhage, and their clinical follow-up.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective study was done on neonatal CSF samples submitted for cytology over one year (January–December 2016) in the Department of Pathology. CSF cell counts were retrieved, and cytosmears were reviewed for cellularity, cell type, proportion, and background and correlated with the biochemical, microbiological, and clinicoradiological findings.

Results:
A total of 213 samples were included with 140 males and 73 females with an age range of 0–28 (mean: 7.3) days. The mean CSF cell count was 5.48/cu.mm (0–90 cells/cu.mm). The most frequent cytologic finding was occasional lymphocytes or acellular CSF (63.9%). The CSF leucocyte count and protein levels showed a significant correlation with s C-reactive protein. The CSF cytology showed a significant correlation between the age of the neonate and blood neutrophil percentage (P = 0.0158). History of intracranial hemorrhage showed a significantly higher frequency of the presence of red blood cells (P = 0.0147).

Conclusion:
Accurate cell counts, cytology of neonatal CSF, and biochemical and microbiological workup can help diagnose and manage neonates in intensive care.
Assessment of spiritual needs in cancer patients: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nejat Nazi , Rahbarian Amir , Shykhan Reyhane , Ebrahimpour Sobhan , Moslemi Azam , Khosravani Mahboobeh 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Addressing the spiritual needs of patients is an essential component of holistic care in nursing. Acknowledging the spiritual needs of cancer patients enhances the performance of clinical caregivers in providing quality services to such patients. Therefore, caregivers successfully fulfill or decrease the patients’ needs and thus increase their adaptation to crises.

Methods:
The present cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the spiritual needs of cancer patients. In this study, 96 cancer patients were selected from Ayatollah Khansari Hospital in Arak, Iran. The required data were collected through a demographic information form and the Persian version of the Spiritual Needs Questionnaire.

Ethical Considerations:
Participants’ verbal consent to participate in the study was obtained, and they were assured of anonymity and confidentiality.

Results:
In the present study, the mean age of the participants was 47.82 ± 14.34 years. The frequency distribution of respondents by gender was 36 males (37.5%) and 60 females (62.5%). The mean scores of spiritual needs in the domains of religious needs, need for inner peace, existential needs, and need for giving/generativity were 12.03 ± 3.18, 7.26 ± 3.26, 4.61 ± 2.96, and 4.06 ± 2.32, respectively. The highest and lowest mean values were associated with religious needs and need for giving/generativity, respectively. Religious needs showed a significantly positive relationship with gender, occupation, and the type of treatment (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant relationship was observed between the need for peace and level of education (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The recognition of the spiritual needs of cancer patients is the first step in prioritizing and planning to provide spiritual care to these patients and supporting them in adapting to and coping with the disease. Therefore, nurses need to acquire the fundamental knowledge and skills required to identify these needs.
Clinical Profile and Predictors of Mortality among Patients with Melioidosis
Authors: Raj Sruthi , Sistla Sujatha , Sadanandan Deepthy M. , Kadhiravan Tamilarasu , Rameesh Basheer Mohamed Syed , Amalnath Deepak 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Melioidosis is an under-recognized but important infection with high mortality and morbidity. It is endemic along the coastal regions of the Southern part of India. The present study focuses on the varied clinical manifestations, associated risk factors, and outcomes in patients from the Southeastern part of India.

Methods:
Seventy patients from January 2018 to June 2021 from a Tertiary Care Hospital were included and prospectively followed up from 6 months to 3 years. Cox regression was performed to test for the association of various clinical and demographic factors with overall survival.

Results:
Diabetes and occupational exposure to soil and water (78.6%) followed by alcoholism (61.4%) were the most common risk factors for melioidosis. The most frequent presentation was sepsis (47.1%), followed by skin and soft tissue infection (32.9%) and pneumonia (25.7%). Mortality was 50%. Patients with sepsis had a 3.5-fold higher risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.50; P = 0.01) while other risk factors were not significantly associated with mortality.

Conclusion:
Lifestyle-dependent risk factors (diabetes, occupational exposure, and alcoholism) were most common among patients with melioidosis. Hospitalization among patients with sepsis is associated with high mortality despite the initiation of specific therapy.
Adiponectin and leptin levels of patients after sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and single anastomosis sleeve ileal bypass surgeries
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Vahid , Hosseini Seyed Ali , Khazraei Hajar , Lankarani Kamran Bagheri 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Bariatric surgery is an appropriate treatment for obese patients with metabolic syndrome. Adipose tissue is an active endocrine tissue secreting leptin and adiponectin that affect body metabolism. Nowadays, a high incidence of metabolic syndrome with an increased risk of serious diseases has been detected in Shiraz. This study aimed to assess the levels of leptin and adiponectin as well as the adiponectin-to-leptin ratio in three different bariatric surgeries among obese patients in Shiraz. The results will play an important role in physicians' choice of surgery by distinguishing the effects of these three bariatric surgeries.

Materials and Methods:
The serum adiponectin and leptin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Blood glucose, lipid profile, weight, and liver enzyme level were measured before and 7 months after surgery.

Results:
This clinical trial was conducted on 81 obese patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and single anastomosis sleeve ileal (SASI) bypass surgeries. The results revealed a decrease in fasting blood sugar and triglyceride (TG) levels 7 months after the surgeries. In addition, decrease of body mass index (BMI) was more significantly in the SASI group (12.8 ± 3 4.95) compared to the Roux-en-Y gastric group (8.56 ± 4.61) (P = 0.026). Besides, a more significant improvement in liver function was observed in SG (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the results revealed a significant difference among the three groups regarding the increase in the adiponectin level (P = 0.039). Decrease in the leptin level and increase in the adiponectin level were more significant after the RYGB surgery compared to the SG group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The three bariatric surgeries were effective in increasing the adiponectin level and decreasing the leptin levels. The surgeries also changed the metabolic risk factors including TGs, high-density lipoprotein, fasting blood glucose, and BMI.
Linear equivalence of scattered metric spaces
Authors: Baars Jan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLet
$\alpha < \omega _1$
be a prime component, and let
$X$
and
$Y$
be metric spaces. In [8], it was shown that if
$C_p(X)$
and
$C_p(Y)$
are linearly homeomorphic, then the scattered heights
$\kappa (X)$
and
$\kappa (Y)$
of
$X$
and
$Y$
satisfy
$\kappa (X) \leq \alpha $
if and only if
$\kappa (Y) \leq \alpha $
. We will prove that this also holds if
$C_p^*(X)$
and
$C_p^*(Y)$
are linearly homeomorphic and that these results do not hold for arbitrary Tychonov spaces. We will also prove that if
$C_p^*(X)$
and
$C_p^*(Y)$
are linearly homeomorphic, then
$\kappa (X) < \alpha $
if and only if
$\kappa (Y) < \alpha $
, which was shown in [9] for
$\alpha = \omega $
. This last statement is not always true for linearly homeomorphic
$C_p(X)$
and
$C_p(Y)$
. We will show that if
$\alpha = \omega ^{\mu }$
where
$\mu < \omega _1$
is a successor ordinal, it is true, but for all other prime components, this is not the case. Finally, we will prove that if
$C_p^*(X)$
and
$C_p^*(Y)$
are linearly homeomorphic, then
$X$
is scattered if and only if
$Y$
is scattered. This result does not directly follow from the above results. We will clarify why the results for linearly homeomorphic spaces
$C_p^*(X)$
and
$C_p^*(Y)$
do require a different and more complex approach than the one that was used for linearly homeomorphic spaces
$C_p(X)$
and
$C_p(Y)$
.
Analysis of The Need for Digital Teaching Materials Vibration and Wave Materials in Class XI of Integrated Islamic High School
Authors: Pratama Erwin , Wiyono Ketang , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin 
Published: May 2023

The curriculum with this scientific approach focuses more on the use of teaching materials with the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in all fields of study taught by teachers. In fact, physics learning is more often done by reading books and memorizing equations and students interact less with the surrounding environment to improve their ability to solve physics problems. An alternative solution to this problem is the development of digital teaching materials in the form of E-modules for physics subjects. Before developing these teaching materials, it is necessary to hold an introduction to the main research on the development of digital teaching materials. The purpose of this study is to analyze the need to design a draft of physics teaching materials in the form of Quran-based E-modules. The benefit in this study is to find out the analysis of the need for digital teaching materials for physics subjects. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with the object of research for class XI I students of Integrated Islamic High School totaling 52 students. Data collection techniques with interviews, observations, and questionnaires. A needs analysis is carried out to identify the scope of teachers, facilities and infrastructure and identify the characteristics of students. The results of this study were that 93.3% of students agreed with the development of digital teaching materials such as E-modules of vibration and wave materials and 90% of students agreed with the development of digital teaching materials such as E-modules in Physics It provides a real picture of the need to develop digital physics learning resources for vibration and wave-based materials of the Quran in class XI students at the integrated Islamic High School Palembang.
The Relation Between Smartphone Use with Forward Head Posture Occurrence in Undergraduate Physiotherapy Student
Authors: Daniel Grady , Anak Agung Gede Angga Puspa Negara  , Indira Vidiari Juhanna  , Ni Wayan Tianing  
Published: May 2023

Introduction: College students use smartphones with a high level of use, high levels of smartphone use due to various purposes such as academic and non-academic needs, and prolonged use of smartphones with poor posture can cause permanent changes in posture to their users. One of the posture changes that can occur is the forward head posture (FHP).
Methods: The research design was a cross-sectional study conducted from August to December 2021 with a population of Udayana University Physiotherapy students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling, and obtained 62 samples. This study used the YourHour application and Web Plot Digitizer to measure the duration of smartphone use and the craniovertebral angle, respectively. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 to determine the relationship between smartphone use with forward head posture occurrence in physiotherapy students.
Results: The majority of students who were in the research sample used smartphones with a high level of duration, as many as 46 samples; in 46 samples with a high level of duration found, 28 samples experienced forward head posture, in students with moderate and low duration levels, forward head posture is rare. The results of the chi-square obtained are p-value = 0.009. it indicates that there is a relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable.
Conclusion: There is a relationship between the duration of smartphone conditions and forward head posture in students of the Physiotherapy Undergraduate Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. In this study, it can be seen that the forward head posture is the majority of smartphones with high intensity.