bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in hepatitis A incidence rates–a multi-year pooled-analysis based on national data from nine high-income countries
Authors: Green Manfred S. , Schwartz Naama , Peer Victoria 
Published: June 2023

Background
Possible sex differences in hepatitis A virus (HAV) incidence rates in different age groups are not well documented. We aimed to obtain stable pooled estimates of such differences based on data from a number of high-income countries.

Methods
We obtained data on incident cases of HAV by sex and age group over a period of 6–25 years from nine countries: Australia, Canada, Czech Republic, Finland, Germany, Israel, Netherland, New Zealand and Spain. Male to female incidence rate ratios (IRR) were computed for each year, by country and age group. For each age group, we used meta-analytic methods to combine the IRRs. Meta-regression was conducted to estimate the effects of age, country, and time period on the IRR.

Results
A male excess in incidence rates was consistently observed in all age groups, although in the youngest and oldest age groups, where the numbers tended to be lower, the lower bounds of the 95% confidence intervals for the IRRs were less than one. In the age groups <1, 1–4, 5–9, 10–14, 15–44, 45–64 and 65+, the pooled IRRs (with 95% CI) over countries and time periods were 1.18 (0.94,1.48), 1.22 (1.16,1.29), 1.07 (1.03,1.11), 1.09 (1.04,1.14), 1.46 (1.30,1.64), 1.32 (1.15,1.51) and 1.10 (0.99,1.23) respectively.

Conclusions
The excess HAV incidence rates in young males, pooled over a number of countries, suggest that the sex differences are likely to be due at least in part to physiological and biological differences and not just behavioral factors. At older ages, differential exposure plays an important role. These findings, seen in the context of the excess incidence rates in young males for many other infectious diseases, can provide further keys to the mechanisms of the infection.
Severe fluctuation in mean perfusion pressure is associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with central venous pressure monitoring: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Peng Yudie , Wu Buyun , Xing Changying , Mao Huijuan 
Published: June 2023

Background
The mean perfusion pressure (MPP) was recently proposed to personalize tissue perfusion pressure management in critically ill patients. Severe fluctuation in MPP may be associated with adverse outcomes. We sought to determine if higher MPP variability was correlated with increased mortality in critically ill patients with CVP monitoring.

Methods
We designed a retrospective observational study and analyzed data stored in the eICU Collaborative Research Database. Validation test was conducted in MIMIC-III database. The exposure was the coefficient of variation (CV) of MPP in the primary analyses, using the first 24 hours MPP data recorded within 72 hours in the first ICU stay. Primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality.

Results
A total of 6,111 patients were included. The in-hospital mortality of 17.6% and the median MPP-CV was 12.3%. Non-survivors had significantly higher MPP-CV than survivors (13.0% vs 12.2%, p<0.001). After accounting for confounders, the highest MPP-CV in decile (CV > 19.2%) were associated with increased risk of hospital mortality compared with those in the fifth and sixth decile (adjusted OR: 1.38, 95% Cl: 1.07–1.78). These relationships remained remarkable in the multiple sensitivity analyses. The validation test with 4,153 individuals also confirmed the results when MPP-CV > 21.3% (adjusted OR: 1.46, 95% Cl: 1.05–2.03).

Conclusions
Severe fluctuation in MPP was associated with increased short-term mortality in critically ill patients with CVP monitoring.
The association between bedtime at night and diabetes in US adults: Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-March -2020 pre-pandemic
Authors: Ouyang Shayuan , Su Yinghua , Ding Ning , Su Yingjie , He Liudang 
Published: June 2023

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between bedtime at night and the risk of diabetes in adults.

Methods
We extracted data from 14,821 target subjects from the NHANES database for a cross-sectional study. The data on bedtime came from the question in the sleep questionnaire: “What time do you usually fall asleep on weekdays or workdays?”. Diabetes was defined as fasting blood sugar ≥ 126mg/dL, or glycohemoglobin ≥ 6.5%, or 2-hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test blood sugar ≥ 200mg/dL, or taking hypoglycemic agent and insulin, or self-reported diabetes mellitus. A weighted multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between bedtime at night and diabetes in adults.

Results
From 19:00 to 23:00, a significantly negative association can be found between bedtime and diabetes(OR, 0.91 [95%CI, 0.83, 0.99]). From 23:00 to 02:00, The relationship between the two was positive(OR, 1.07 [95%CI, 0.94, 1.22]), nevertheless, the P values was not statistically significant(p = 0.3524). In subgroup analysis, from 19:00–23:00, the relationship was negative across genders, and in males, the P-values were still statistically significant(p = 0.0414). From 23:00–02:00, the relationship was positive across genders.

Conclusion
Earlier bedtime (before 23:00) increased the risk of developing diabetes. And this effect was not significantly different between male and female. For bedtime between 23:00–2:00, there was a trend of increasing the risk of diabetes as the bedtime was delayed.
A Rare Case of COVID-19 Vaccination-Induced Cholangiopathic Liver Injury
Authors: Taj Sobaan , Sanekommu Harshavardhan , Johal Anmol , Ravilla Jayasree , Imburgio Steven , Dandu Sowmya , Vedire Apurva , Miller Brett , Hossain Mohammad 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Drug-induced liver injury is a serious adverse drug reaction that can result in acute liver injury or cholestatic injury affecting the bile ducts, known as cholangiopathic liver injury (CLI). Although CLI is not as familiar as the hepatocellular pattern, emerging evidence suggests that it may occur after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. This case report focuses on an 89-year-old woman who developed CLI after receiving the tozinameran COVID-19 vaccine. The main aim of this report was to raise awareness of the possibility of developing CLI after COVID-19 vaccination and to underscore the critical significance of promptly identifying and managing this infrequent but severe side effect.
Topologien von Büroarbeit
Authors: Will-Zocholl Mascha 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Rekonfiguration von Raum im Kontext von Wissensarbeit im Informationsraum. Dies geschieht entlang von theoretischen Ausführungen, die die Bedeutung der sozialen Konstruktion von Räumen hervorheben und dazu Raum in einer relationalen Perspektive verstehen. Da Büroarbeit, zumindest in Bezug auf den Umfang der Flexibilisierung des Arbeitsorts, aktuell am stärksten betroffen ist, wird danach gefragt, wie Wissensarbeiter:innen ihren Arbeitsraum erzeugen und welche Rolle dabei der (Arbeits-) Ort einnimmt. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass die unmittelbare Umgebung der konkreten Arbeitsplätze im Informationsraum dabei in der einen oder anderen Weise mitwirkt. Zudem wird erwartet, dass die Gleichzeitigkeit von miteinander verwobenen Arbeitsräumen nicht ohne Konsequenzen bleibt. So fragt der Beitrag danach, was es für Menschen bedeutet, darin zu arbeiten, und welche Vorstellungen von Arbeitsplätzen und der Zusammenarbeit mit anderen sie entwickeln. Diese Fragen werden anhand von Fallbeispielen aus einer explorativen Studie zu Raumbezügen in der Arbeitswelt während der Pandemie sowie zweier älterer Studien vor allem auf Basis von Mental Maps und Interviews verfolgt.
On the algebra generated by
μ
¯
,
∂
¯
,
∂
,
μ
\overline{\mu },\overline{\partial },\partial ,\mu
Authors: Auyeung Shamuel , Guu Jin-Cheng , Hu Jiahao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this note, we determine the structure of the associative algebra generated by the differential operators

μ

¯

,

∂

¯

,
∂

\overline{\mu },\overline{\partial },\partial

, and

μ

\mu

that act on complex-valued differential forms of almost complex manifolds. This is done by showing that it is the universal enveloping algebra of the graded Lie algebra generated by these operators and determining the structure of the corresponding graded Lie algebra. We then determine the cohomology of this graded Lie algebra with respect to its canonical inner differential

[

d
,
−

]

\left[d,-]

, as well as its cohomology with respect to all its inner differentials.
Political and Unpolitical Germany: Max Weber and Thomas Mann
Authors: Ghosh Peter 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a comparison of Max Weber and Thomas Mann from a historical perspective. It does not seek to override the obvious differences between them, but it suggests that these differences reflect on the remarkable diversity and plurality of a common context: Germany seen as a community of Kultur. Furthermore, very different views of the world could still lead to significant coincidence. This is particularly true of their views on politics, where both men emerged as robust democrats. Yet they also upheld a large “unpolitical” space, a position which was symptomatic of their class, the Bildungsbürgertum, but which was ordinarily a source of political weakness in that class in early 20th century Germany. The comparison is asymmetric however. While a wide range of Weber’s texts can be drawn upon, in Mann’s case Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen stands out as a focal point. This leads to a revaluation of that text. It was a central component in Mann’s intellectual formation; not an aberration which can be set aside.
„Ich habe keine Lust, mich Heiligabend mit diesen Spießern rumzuärgern!“
Authors: Hillebrandt Claudia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper puts forward the thesis that the social image of the early federal republic of Germany displayed in Loriot’s œuvre is mainly characterized by this society’s inability to understand each other or it’s own traditions and art. Loriot’s work thus provides a skeptical point of view towards the process of modernization Germany has passed through from the 19th to the 20th century.
Adelige Wirtschaftsprobleme als Thema höfischer Dichtung des 12. bis 14. Jahrhunderts – ein seismografisches Problemfeld ökonomischen Textwissens?
Authors: Peters Ursula 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The courtly literature of the European Middle Ages addresses the economic problems of the nobility primarily as a consequence of aristocratic succession practices, military defeats, or the habit of conspicuous consumption, with some texts suggesting a direct reference to reality in concretely detailed scenarios of aristocratic ruin. However, it is precisely these texts in which economic problems of the nobility are linked with socio-ethical doctrines of aristocratic dominion, courtoisie/triuwe, or status rationality to such a degree that the literary theme of aristocratic impoverishment functions less as a seismographic index of textual economic knowledge and more as a decidedly positive signal of aristocratic hegemony.
Literatur im Ministerium des Innern.
Authors: Zajas Paweł 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Rome Prize of the German Academy Villa Massimo is by far the most important award for German artists. It is awarded to renowned artists from the fields of fine arts, composition, literature, and architecture. Despite the award’s significant status, its position in the German literary and cultural-political system and the selection policy on which it is based remains largely under-researched. This article examines institutional and personal networks of the Rome Prize, the objectives of the respective actors and the mechanisms of selection. The major aim of the study is to analyse archival material on writers who have received grants. The period of investigation begins in 1957 and ends in 1974 with the institutional reorganization of the Villa Massimo.
All-dielectric carpet cloaks with three-dimensional anisotropy control
Authors: Maegawa Yuki , Nakata Yosuke , Sanada Atsushi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this article, we propose all-dielectric carpet cloaks composed of jungle gym shaped dielectric unit cells and present a design strategy for three-dimensional (3-D) anisotropy control based on the transformation optics. The carpet cloaks are 3-D printable and operate with polarization independent incident waves in arbitrary incident angles due to the 3-D anisotropy control. Realizable anisotropic permittivities of cubic and rectangular unit cells are numerically studied based on the relative permittivity and loss tangent of ɛ
r = 2.9 and tan δ = 0.02 of ultra-violet curing resin measured at the microwave frequency. It is shown that the unit cell has little frequency dependence even with the anisotropy in the low frequency range where the effective medium approximation is valid. A carpet cloak is designed based on the design method with a quasi-conformal coordinate transformation and implemented with the unit cells taking into account its realizable anisotropy. Polarization independent 3-D cloaking operations of the designed cloak are confirmed numerically. The designed cloak is fabricated by stereolithography 3-D printing technology and its cloaking performances are evaluated experimentally at 10 GHz. It is shown that non-specular reflections are well suppressed by the carpet cloak for both TE and TM incident waves with different incident angles of 30, 45, and 60°. Frequency independent cloaking operations are also shown experimentally in the X-band. The measured near-field distributions and bistatic radar cross sections are in good agreement with simulated predictions and the validity of the design method is confirmed.
Small Houses of the Dead: A Model of Collective Funerary Activity in the Chalcolithic Tombs of Southwestern Iberia. La Orden-Seminario Site (Huelva, Spain)
Authors: Linares-Catela José Antonio , Vera-Rodríguez Juan Carlos 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study analyses the funerary activity of small collective tombs with a limited number of individuals in the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula during the Copper Age. These small burial spaces are one of the most frequent funerary manifestations and one of the most common forms of megalithic monumentality in the complex societies of this geographical area. The necropolis of La Orden-Seminario is put forward as a detailed case study, applying a multi-method approach that integrates the interrelated analysis of architecture, stratigraphy, funerary deposits, bioanthropological indicators, and chronological sequences. The research makes it possible to identify the overarching features that characterise these collective funerary activity: (a) the architectural and functional similarity between the hypogea and tholoi; (b) the periodic remodelling and reorganisation of the burial spaces; (c) the formation of superimposed funerary levels articulated in various phases; (d) the short periods of time in each level, with a concentration of 1–5 generations; (e) the coexistence of primary and secondary funerary deposits; (f) the low minimum number of individuals and the non-existence of dissymmetric practices according to sex and/or age; (g) the uniformity of the grave goods, the fragmentation of the objects, and the deposition of offerings; and (h) reuse during the Early Bronze Age.
Household-level Prevalence and Poverty Penalties of Working in Non-teleworkable and Non-essential Occupations:Evidence from East and West Germany in 2019
Authors: Fasang Anette Eva , Struffolino Emanuela , Zagel Hannah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHouseholds are prime locations of risk pooling and redistribution. Household constellations in terms of the number of earners and their occupations define households’ capacity to cushion crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic or rising inflation. The occupational structure and the sociodemographic composition of households continue to vary widely between the former East and West German regions. Against the background of rising levels of in-work poverty in recent years, we extend the prevalence and penalties framework as used in poverty research to two occupational risks that gained significance in post-COVID-19 labour markets. Our study addresses two questions: 1) How prevalent were household constellations in which the sole earner or both earners worked in an occupation that was both non-teleworkable and non-essential (NTNE) in East and West Germany in 2019? 2) Did the poverty penalty associated with the sole or both earners working in NTNE occupations differ in East and West Germany in 2019? The most recent available data from the German Microcensus (2019, N=179,755 households) is linked to new data collected on the teleworkability of occupations and occupations’ classification as essential by German federal state decrees in the spring of 2020. Descriptive statistics and regression models show that the prevalence of household constellations where the sole earner or both earners worked in NTNE occupations was relatively similar across East and West Germany. In contrast to overall similar prevalence, in East Germany the poverty penalty associated with the sole or both earners working in NTNE occupations was substantially elevated. Controlling for known occupational disadvantages, including low education, fixed-term contracts, shift work and the lack of leadership responsibilities narrowed but did not eliminate the sizeable gap in poverty penalties associated with NTNE occupations between East and West Germany.
LA COMUNIDAD DE LOS JURISTAS
Authors: Antillón Montealegre Walter , Muñoz Muñoz Marcela 
Published: June 2023

Apoyados en la ‘comunidad jurídica’ de su tiempo, los jurisconsultos republicanos inventaron la Iurisprudentia y con ella lograron prolongar prodigiosamente, al interior de Roma, durante varios siglos, un orden tentativamente justo y racional entre la barbarie del pasado monárquico y la barbarie del futuro imperial. Pero su invento, la Iurisprudentia, sobrevivió al Imperio Romano, fecundó la cultura jurídica occidental y renace incesantemente, como el Ave Fénix, en el pensamiento de los juristas.
Effect of Eye Exercises on Computer Vision Syndrome among Medical Students of Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Authors: Zhuang Angella , Sitepu Bobby Ramses Erguna 
Published: June 2023

Objective: To determine the effect of eye exercises on Computer Vision Syndrome among batch 2019 medical students of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, and Indonesia.Methods: This study used analytical true experimental with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Sample consisted of 86 respondents who were divided into two groups: control and experimental (intervention) groups. Each group consisted of 43 respondents who were sampled randomly using the simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire (CVS-Q) and analyzed using a statistical software application with a p-value of < 0.05 considered significant.Results: A decrease in the score of Computer Vision Syndrome in the experimental (intervention) group after the eye exercise was observed with a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05). Conclusion: Eye exercise has an effect on the Computer Vision Syndrome.
Sustainable Construction Materials for Civil Engineering Projects
Authors: Bahuguna Anoop 
Published: June 2023

Sustainable construction materials have gained significant attention in civil engineering projects due to their potential to reduce environmental impact and promote long-term sustainability. This abstract provides an overview of sustainable construction materials and their application in civil engineering projects. It highlights the importance of sustainable materials in mitigating climate change, reducing resource depletion, and improving overall environmental performance.
The incorporation of sustainable construction materials in civil engineering projects is crucial for achieving sustainability goals. Traditional construction materials, such as concrete and steel, have significant environmental drawbacks, including high carbon emissions, energy consumption, and depletion of natural resources. Sustainable materials offer viable alternatives that can address these challenges.
A VARIANT FOR USING REGRESSION ANALYSIS TO ASSESS THE ELECTROMAGNETIC ENVIRONMENT IN AN URBAN AREA
Authors: Pulov Dimcho , Karadzhov Tsanko , Pulova-Ganeva Yuliya 
Published: June 2023

The current study was conducted by making a series of experimental measurements of the electric field strength E. The obtained results have been interpreted using the method of mathematical modelling because the object of study – electromagnetic environment (EME) is a multifactorial system. With the accepted limitation of considering the influence of only two factors (frequency and time intervals) a two-factor regression analysis was used. The processing of the obtained data was performed by two-dimensional quadratic objective function.
INFLUENCE OF INTERCROPPING ON SOIL MICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND STRAWBERRY DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Laugale Valda , Lepse Līga , Zeipiņa Solvita 
Published: June 2023

Strawberry is one of the most important berry crop grown around the world and their consumption increases every year. The introduction of new practices promoting farm sustainability and long-term soil health in strawberry production systems is very essential. Towards environment- and climate-friendly farming practices intercropping can be used to improve soil microbiological activity and biodiversity, and reduce the use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers, while the right choice of intercropped plants is of great importance to achieve these goals. The trials on strawberry intercropping were established in Latvia in 2021. Three treatments with different intercropping plant rotations, including crimson clover, pea, garlic, marigold, and winter rye mix with vetch, were compared to conventional strawberry growing using straw mulch. Trial was installed in three locations: two organic farms and the Institute of Horticulture (LatHort). Thus representing climatically different regions and different soil conditions. Strawberries were grown in 1.2 m distant rows, where in the intercropping treatments, each second interrow was occupied by companion plants. Soil microbial activity was evaluated during vegetation seasons by determining soil respiration rate (SRR) and dehydrogenase activity (DHA) several times per season in 2021 and 2022. Strawberry vegetative development was evaluated at the end of each vegetation season. During the investigation period, soil microbial activity fluctuated during vegetation seasons, depending on growing conditions. In 2021, SRR varied from 1.9 – 3.3 CO2 mg L- 1, while in 2022, from 2.1 - 3.4 CO2 mg L-1. DHA varied from 46 – 134 INTF, µL×????−1 × h in 2021 and 60 – 101 INTF, µL×????−1 × h in 2022. Intercropping had low influence on microbial activity and results differed within each location. Strawberry plant biomass differed among locations and treatments with the highest above-ground biomass observed in LatHort during second growing season in conventional growing system (790 g plant-1).