bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of Persistent Clinical Features After SARS-CoV-2 in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Jiang Li , Li Xuan , Nie Jia , Tang Kun , Bhutta Zulfiqar A. 
Published: July 2023

CONTEXT
Long-term health effects after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been increasingly reported but their prevalence and significance in the pediatric population remains uncertain.

OBJECTIVE
To present the prevalence and characteristics of the long-term clinical features of COVID-19 (long COVID) in the global pediatric population.

DATA SOURCES
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, WHO COVID-19 database, google scholar, medRxiv, bioRxiv, and multiple national public health databases.

STUDY SELECTION
Published articles and preprints from December, 2019 to December, 2022 investigating the epidemiology and characteristics of persistent clinical features at least 3 months after COVID-19 in children and adolescents (0–19 years old) were included.

DATA EXTRACTION
Study characteristics and detailed description of long COVID were extracted into a predefined form.

RESULTS
Twenty seven cohorts and 4 cross-sectional studies met the inclusion criteria and involved over 15 000 pediatric participants. A total of more than 20 persistent symptoms and clinical features were reported among children and adolescents. 16.2% (95% confidence interval 8.5% to 28.6%) of the pediatric participants experienced 1 or more persistent symptom(s) at least 3 months post COVID-19. Female gender might be associated with developing certain long COVID symptoms.

LIMITATIONS
Included studies presented with great heterogeneity because of significant variations in the definition of “long COVID,” follow up duration, and method. There could be nonresponse and other potential bias.

CONCLUSIONS
Persistent clinical features beyond 3 months among children and adolescents with proven COVID-19 are common and the symptom spectrum is wide. High-quality, prospective studies with proper controls are necessary in the future.
Computational study of the performance of a solar dryer for improvement in the shelf life of the food materials
Authors: Sengar Mukul , Singh Dhananjay , Mishra Pradeep Kumar , Singh Deepak , Giri Balendu Shekher 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Solar drying is a non-polluting and economic drying process which utilizes solar energy to dry the food materials for better shelf life. We have fabricated a simple, efficient, and economically feasible indirect type solar dryer for food preservation. This article presents the dynamic model of fabricated solar dryer. This model consists of thermal modeling of the drying chamber, solar collector, and solar dried- food sample. The energy balance has been applied to evaluate the temperature at different sections of the solar dryer with respect to drying time. Model equations have been solved in the MATLAB environment. Solar power meter and infrared thermometer used as measuring instruments. This study helps to examine the influence of solar radiation on the collector plate temperature, drying chamber temperature, food sample temperature, and performance parameters such as thermal efficiency with respect to drying time. Model data has been found in good agreement with experimental data within 4% error. It is concluded that the drying of food material is affected by air temperature, the collector temperature, mode of heat transfer, and material characteristics such as dimension, and mass of the food sample.
Application of apparent diffusion coefficient of extraocular muscles from diffusion tensor imaging scanning in the assessment of disease activity of thyroid eye disease
Authors: Tang Cheng yang , Huang Qian , liang Liang , zhang Ming qiao , ya Xiao , Long Jian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in differentiating activity of thyroid eye disease (TED).
Method: Forty-two TED patients who underwent diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 29 patients in analysis group and 13 patients in validation group.The mean,maximum and minimum ADC value of each EOM were regarded as ADCmean, ADCmax and ADCmin.The difference between ADCmax and ADCmin was regarded as △ADC.The correlations between ADCmean or △ADC of each EOM and clinical activity score (CAS) were assessed.
Results:
In analysis group, ADCmean differed between active and inactive eyes and positively correlated with CAS in IR (P<0.05), not in SR,LR and MR(all p>0.05). While △ADC differed between two groups and negatively correlated with CAS in all EOMs (all P<0.05). ADCmean predicted active disease at cut-off value of 1259.3×10−6mm2s-1 with sensitivity of 66.7% and specificity of 71.4% in IR[area under curve =0.667, P<0.05].△ADC predicted disease activity in all EOMs [area under curve 0.658–0.746,all P<0.05].The cut-off values of △ADC were 382, 823,520 and 572 ×10−6mm2s-1 with sensitivity of 80.0%, 50.0%,43.3%,83.3% and specificity of 67.9%,85.7%, 89.3%, 60.7% in SR,IR,MR, and LR respectively.There were no significant differences in the predictive efficacy among all cut-off values.
Conclusions: Our results showed that DTI is an valuable tool in the assessment of disease activity of TED.Both ADCmean of IR and △ADC of all four EOMs can be used in discriminating disease activity with the same predictive power.
Genetic causal association between type 2 diabetes, body mass index, smoking initiation and myopia：A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Chu , Li Shu-Qin , Wang Hui , Chen Xiang-Lei , Liu Qin , Liu Yong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to explore the causal relationships between type 2 diabetes, body mass index(BMI), smoking initiation, and myopia. We utilized summary statistics from independent genome-wide association studies to examine the causal linkages among these factors. Our main analytical technique was the inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) method, along with weighted median and mr-egger as supplements. Univariable and multivariable mendelian randomization(MR) analyses were conducted, and reverse MR was performed to assess reverse causation.The results showed that there were associations between myopia and smoking initiation (odds ratio (OR) 0.984, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.977-0.992, p=6.35×10-5), body mass index (OR 0.989, 95% CI 0.984-0.993, p=3.84×10-6), and type 2 diabetes (OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.002-1.006, p=4.15×10-4). These associations remained strong even after mutual adjustment. We observed no pleiotropy in these exposures, and no associations were found in reverse MR.In conclusion, this study is the first to use univariable and multivariate mendelian randomization to confirm a causal relationship between type 2 diabetes, smoking initiation, BMI and myopia.
How problematic is water hyacinth as invasive species in non-eutrophied freshwaters? Towards lasting solutions of water hyacinth freshwater invasions
Authors: Chala Desalegn , Tsegaye Diress , Alem Habtamu , Asalf Belachew , Moges Melesse , Abate Nega , Wondie Ayalew , Tadesse Aklilu Tilahun , Aticho Abebayehu , Gonsamo Alemu , Wang Lanhui , Lundgren Erick , Kerby Jeffrey , Svenning Jens-Christian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Water hyacinth, a plant considered highly invasive, is globally recognized for its detrimental impact on tropical freshwater ecosystems and economies. Its biology, sexual and asexual propagations, short life-cycle and abundant seed production, makes it difficult to control. Although physical removal is the common intervention, our current study in Lake Tana, Ethiopia, revealed its ineffectiveness. Despite a massive removal campaign that initially eliminated 75% (~ 1,271 ha) of water hyacinth in November-December 2020, we here show that the plant rebounded within a year, surpassing pre-intervention levels by 18%. Through SWOT analysis of various interventions, we show that short-term interventions are neither effective nor sustainable. Our analysis suggests that its proliferation in freshwaters is primarily driven by eutrophication rather than traditional mechanisms of invasion. We propose a sustainable solution centered around improving water quality through continuous removal of water hyacinth, utilizing phytoremediation to extract nutrients, and implementing catchment management to minimize nutrient influx.
Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome caused by PIK3CD mutations: Expanding the phenotype
Authors: Zhao Peiwei , Huang Juan , Fu Huicong , Li Tianhong , Zhang Xiankai , Meng Qingjie , Zhang Lei , Tan Li , Zhang Wen , Chen Hebin , Ding Yan , He Xuelian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Germline heterozygous gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the PIK3CD gene lead to a rare primary immunodeficiency disease also known as activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) δ syndrome type 1(APDS1). Affected patients present with recurrent infections, increased levels of serum IgM, lymphoproliferation, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia and the phenotypes are highly heterogeneous. We reported the clinical presentations and underlying genetic factors in three patients diagnosed with APDS1 from China.
Methods
Trio whole-exome sequencing (trio-WES) was performed in three patients with unclear diagnosis. Sanger sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR were used to confirm the variants identified.
Results
Two heterozygous mutations (c.3061G > A, p.E1021K and c.1574A > G, p.E525G) in PIK3CD (NM_005026.3) were identified by whole exome sequencing in the three patients. One of two patients with the mutation (c.3061G > A) presented with abdominal pain as the first symptom, which was due to intussusception caused by multiple polyps of colon. The patient with mutation (c.1574A > G) in had an anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV)-like clinical manifestations, including multisystemic inflammation, acute glomerulonephritis, and positive perinuclear ANCA (p-ANCA), and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), one of the subtypes of AAV, was considered.
Conclusions
We report some novel phenotype and genotype features of three patients with PIK3CD mutations. This is the first time to report PI3CKD-asociated intussusception and MPA. Our study suggested AAV-MPA may be novel phenotype of GOF mutations in this gene and our data expand the clinical spectrum of APDS.
Trial registration: retrospectively registered.
Particle Filter Based Video Object Tracking Scheme With Target Remodeling and Reinitialization and its Hardware Implementation Using Raspberry Pi
Authors: Panda Jyotiranjan , Nanda Pradipta Kumar , Pradhan Tuhinansu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Video object tracking in real-world scenarios is one of the challenging problems of computer vision. The issue is compounded in the presence of varying illumination conditions, dynamic entities of the background, and bad weather conditions. In this research, a particle filter based new video object tracking scheme is developed with the proposed notions of target remodeling and reinitialization. During the tracking phase, the target is remodeled in each frame to take care of the changing scene dynamics over frames. The target is remodeled by fused feature distributions chosen from the created bank of fused feature distributions having discriminating potential to differentiate the target and the background in a given frame. The fused feature bank is created by fusing two features from the set consisting of Color, LBP, and HOG features. The features are fused probabilistically where the weights are determined based on the discriminating ability of a given feature. In order to achieve high tracking accuracy, the deviation of the tracker is evaluated ineach frame using the notion of time motion history and reinitialization of the tracker position takes place when the deviation is above a preselected threshold. Besides, the proposed algorithm has been implemented successfully on a Raspberry Pi based hardware setup and thus becomes a potential candidate for real time implementation. The proposed scheme is successfully tested on videos from DAVIS 2016, LASIESTA, and CDnet 2014 databases and the tracking accuracy is found to be higher than those of the existing algorithms.
MMP1 acts as an independent prognostic biomarker correlated with immune infiltration in breast cancer
Authors: li yilin , Li Wei , Wang Sisi , Chen Jiaren , Deng Lufeng , Li Dan , Zhong Yangyan , Deng Junjie , Deng Jian , Feng Haigang , Luo Jie , Cao Hong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) is overexpressed in multiple human tumors. However, the role of MMP1 in breast cancer (BRCA) has not been explored.
Material and methods: The relationship between MMP1 expression and immune cell infiltration was conducted using Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER, https:// cistrome.shinyapps.io/timer/), and the survival curve was plotted using Kaplan-Meier with log-rank test. The influence of MMP1 on immune infiltration, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses, immunologic infiltration analysis, and drug sensitivity were conducted through R 4.2.0. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) were used to verify MMP1 expression in BC and the correlation between MMP1 and CD20, CD86 immune cells.
Results: MMP1 was overexpressed in BRCA tumors (p<0.05), and its high expression was related to poor prognosis (p=0.01). In addition, MMP1 was an independent prognostic biomarker in BRCA. Our findings provide information to further understand the biological functions and signaling pathways of MMP1 in BRCA. IHC and IF have proven the relationship between MMP1 and BRCA.
Conclusions: These results implied a critical role of MMP1 in the prognosis and immune infiltration of BRCA. In addition, MMP1 expression participated in regulating multiple oncogenes and tumorigenesis.
A novel physical method for processing agro-waste derived pineapple leaf fibre for fabricating polypropylene matrix composites with higher mechanical performance
Authors: Rahman Habibur , Rana Sohel , Das Apurba , Alagirusamy Ramasamy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work, a new physical method was used to process agro-waste pineapple leaf fibres (PALF) instead of any chemical treatment for fabricating polypropylene (PP) matrix composites. Carding process was used for individualization and partial fibrillation of PALF as well as for removal of dust and sticky fibres. The high melt viscosity of PP hinders its penetration into the composite reinforcement. To overcome this difficulty, the separated and fibrillated PALF and PP fibres of different fineness were blended (50%/50% by weight) in the carding process to ensure homogeneous distribution of reinforcement and matrix phases within composites. The blended carded silver was further parallelized through a gill-drawing process, and subsequently, unidirectional composites were fabricated using compression moulding technique. A homogeneous fibre-matrix distribution was achieved in case of longer PALF and finer PP fibres, leading to the best mechanical properties of fabricated composites. The used carding process with optimum number of passages did not reduce the fibre length or deteriorate the mechanical properties of fibres and also found effective in improving fibre surface roughness, leading to an improved fibre-matrix interface. This study is the first to demonstrate the use of carding for processing of PALF and how PALF length and carding process influence different properties of fabricated composites.
The mechanisms of prenatal coping styles and message sources among pregnant women with fear of childbirth: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ji Kemeng , Li Zhizhen , Min Hui , Sun Liping , You Haiyue , Zhao Ying 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Pregnant women's coping styles during childbirth can be positive or negative, but maladaptive coping is linked to adverse outcomes for both mother and infant. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms behind their coping behavior and how they receive childbirth information in order to promote maternal-infant health. However, there is a lack of research on the underlying mechanisms and message sources. The present study aimed to explore the effects of intolerance of uncertainty, childbirth self-efficacy and fear of childbirth on prenatal coping and investigate the information sources of pregnant women, so as to provide support for clinical interventions.Methods The study surveyed a sample of pregnant women (N = 294) who completed a questionnaire included questions on the participants' demographic information investigation between October 2022 and March 2023. The Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire, The Revised Prenatal Coping Inventory, The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-9, and The Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory measured fear of childbirth, prenatal coping styles, intolerance of uncertainty and childbirth self-efficacy, respectively. Bootstrapping mediation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between all scale score. The Mann-Whitney test was used to examine differences in coping style scores among different message sources.Results The study found that intolerance of uncertainty directly affects pregnant women's avoidance coping, while childbirth self-efficacy influences positive behavior. Fear of childbirth can drive both positive and avoidance coping. Additionally, the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and coping is mediated by self-efficacy and fear. Besides, actively coping pregnant women seek birth information from multiple sources, while those avoiding childbirth are less skilled in utilizing informational resources.Conclusions The findings shed light on the processes through which intolerance of uncertainty, childbirth self-efficacy and fear of childbirth may exert its effects on coping styles and offer theoretical guidance for clinical intervention and highlight the important way to carry out clinical intervention. The findings suggest that improving pregnant women's correct understanding of childbirth and coping skills can effectively alleviate the fear of childbirth. Clinicians should assist active pregnant women in accessing available information support, while also providing favorable information to those who avoiding childbirth through channels that women accept it most, such as social applications and websites. In addition, China should improve the role of midwives in antenatal care.
Study of Technological Advancement and Challenges of Façade System for Sustainable Building: Current Design Practice
Authors: Don Dushan , Navaratnam Satheeskumar , Rajeev Pathmanathan , Sanjayan Jay 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Currently, there are several façade systems that exist to enable sustainable building design. The most challenges for façade designers are to identify new technology and effective sustainable systems that enable high structural and sustainable performance while producing a good aesthetic. Therefore, this paper aims to review the performance of existing façade systems and technologies used for sustainable building designs. This review showed that the double skin façade system is the most promising technological solution to improving energy performance and producing sustainable buildings. Furthermore, adaptive façade systems also enhance building performance and occupant comfort through active concepts. However, the lack of design standards, complex design and construction challenges hinder the growth of adaptive façade systems. The review indicates that to produce a sustainable building design, architects, engineers, and builders must consider the sustainable façade system that enables high energy efficiency, less cost, better occupant comfort, and less environmental impacts.
An Auto-Encoding Network for Binary Inscription Character Inpainting based on U-Net and Self-Attention
Authors: Zhao Long , Yuan Zonglong , Lou Yuhao , Qiao Xinxiao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Many inscriptions have suffered substantial damage as a result of artificial or natural causes, necessitating the use of computers for their repair and preservation. The character reconstruction method, however, is not sufficiently improved by the character inpainting models now in use. The traditional deconvolutional up-sampling module can only extract local spatial points from low-resolution feature maps to produce high-resolution details. To solve this problem, we design Binary Auto-Encoder (BAE) by introducing the self-attention mechanism in the U-Net decoder. The self-attention module calculates the feature weighting at each place to determine responsiveness and thereby computes the attention vector at a very cheap cost. Additionally, we use a spectrum normalization strategy to enhance the decoder’s up-sampling procedure. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity (SSIM) of BAE improve by 1.9 and 0.023, respectively, when compared to the baseline model, according to the results of our pairwise comparison of various inpainting models using the binary inscription dataset. The Handwritten Chinese Character Inpainting Generative Adversarial Network (HCCI-GAN) is then compared using the dataset of handwritten Chi-nese characters, and the findings demonstrate that the BAE has a cleverer and simpler architecture.
SMART SPECIALIZATION OF THE REGION: FUNDAMENTALS OF FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT AND DISSEMINATION
Authors: Martinovych Pavlo 
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the development of theoretical foundations of the concept of smart specialization at the regional level, the search for "smart" strategies and the dissemination of relevant processes, as well as of prerequisites that contribute to the sustainable development of regions. It is determined that the theories of uneven development and regional imbalance serve as a basis and starting point for the formation of smart specialization processes in the regions. The main postulates of the development of smart specialization in terms of economic schools, which emphasize the importance of technological progress for the growth of the economy and the country's competitiveness, are systematized. The main stages of the development and dissemination of smart specialization in the market space are highlighted. It has been established that smart specialization is an innovative tool of the EU, which contributes to the progressive development of the regional economy due to strategic approaches to the regional environment. The European Commission considers the renewal of European industry and the economy in general through the development of smart specialization strategies. The main criteria of modern regional innovation strategies in terms of the formation of smart specialization have been identified. Possibilities of smart specialization in the development of the country's regions have been proven.
Thus, smart specialization contributes to the transformation of regions into world-class European regional clusters through strategic growth priorities, which is reflected in relevant theories and concepts of regional development. In view of wide prospects offered by smart specialization, as well as taking into account the need to deepen cooperation between our country and EU countries within the framework of the European Good Neighbor Policy, it is necessary to disseminate the innovative culture of regional development and cooperation in Ukraine. The experience accumulated by European countries, which have a successful experience of implementing smart specialization in the regional economy, should be adapted and implemented in the regions of Ukraine to ensure sustainable development and improve the welfare of the country. It is possible to achieve the desired level of the development of the country under the condition of forming a favorable innovation climate within each region and introducing a system of mutually beneficial cooperation of all participants within the framework of smart specialization.