bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of ATRIA stroke risk score in predicting atrial high‐rate episodes: A comparison of six different risk scores
Authors: Artac Inanc , Karakayali Muammer , Omar Timor , Hamideyin Serif , Karabag Yavuz , Ilis Dogan , Rencuzogullari Ibrahim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesAtrial high‐rate episodes (AHRE) are asymptomatic atrial tachy‐arrhythmias detected through continuous monitoring with a cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED). AHRE's have been associated with increased risks of developing clinically manifested atrial fibrillation (AF), thromboembolism, cardiovascular events, and mortality. Several variables has been researched and identified to predict AHRE development. The aim of this study, which compared the six frequently‐used scoring systems for thromboembolic risk in AF (CHA2DS2‐VASc, mC2HEST, HAT2CH2, R2‐CHADS2, R2‐CHA2DS2‐VASc, and ATRIA) in terms of their prognostic power in predicting AHRE.Materials and methodsThis retrospective study included 174 patients with CIED's. The study population was divided into two groups according to presence of AHRE: patients with AHRE (+) and patients without AHRE (‐). Thereafter, patients baseline characteristics and scoring systems were analyzed for prediction of AHRE.ResultsThe distribution of patients’ baseline characteristics and scoring systems according to presence of AHRE was evaluated. Furthermore, ROC curve analyses of the stroke risk scoring systems have been investigated in terms of predicting the development of AHREs. ATRIA, which predicted AHRE with a specificity of 92% and sensitivity of 37.5% for ATRIA values of >6, performed better than other scoring systems in predicting AHRE (AUC: 0.700, 0.626‐0.767 95% confidence interval (CI), p = .004)ConclusionAHRE is common in patients with a CIED. In this context, several risk scoring systems have been used to predict the development of AHRE in patients with a CIED. This study's findings revealed that The ATRIA stroke risk scoring system performed better than other commonly used risk scoring systems in predicting AHRE.
Updating the dual C and O isotope—Gas‐exchange model: A concept to understand plant responses to the environment and its implications for tree rings
Authors: Siegwolf Rolf T. W. , Lehmann Marco M. , Goldsmith Gregory R. , Churakova (Sidorova) Olga V. , Mirande‐Ney Cathleen , Timoveeva Galina , Weigt Rosmarie B. , Saurer Matthias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe combined study of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) isotopes in plant organic matter has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding plant functional responses to environmental change. The approach relies on established relationships between leaf gas exchange and isotopic fractionation to derive a series of model scenarios that can be used to infer changes in photosynthetic assimilation and stomatal conductance driven by changes in environmental parameters (CO2, water availability, air humidity, temperature, nutrients). We review the mechanistic basis for a conceptual model, in light of recently published research, and discuss where isotopic observations do not match our current understanding of plant physiological response to the environment. We demonstrate that (1) the model was applied successfully in many, but not all studies; (2) although originally conceived for leaf isotopes, the model has been applied extensively to tree‐ring isotopes in the context of tree physiology and dendrochronology. Where isotopic observations deviate from physiologically plausible conclusions, this mismatch between gas exchange and isotope response provides valuable insights into underlying physiological processes. Overall, we found that isotope responses can be grouped into situations of increasing resource limitation versus higher resource availability. The dual‐isotope model helps to interpret plant responses to a multitude of environmental factors.
Substrate and adenylate limit subtropical tree fine‐root respiration under soil warming
Authors: Jiang Qi , Jia Linqiao , Chen Yuhui , Yang Zhijie , Chen Shidong , Xiong Decheng , Liu Xiaofei , Wang Xiaohong , Yao Xiaodong , Chen Tingting , Fan Ailian , Wu Dongmei , Chen Guangshui , Yang Yusheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHow root respiration acclimates to global warming remains unclear, especially in subtropical forests that play a key role in the global carbon budget. In a large‐scale in situ soil warming experiment, the occurrence of, and mechanisms controlling over, the acclimation of fine‐root respiration ofCunninghamia lanceolataduring the fourth year of warming were investigated. Specific respiration rates (at reference temperature of 20°C; SRR20) were measured with exogenous glucose addition, uncoupler addition, or no addition, and root morphological and chemical traits were also measured. Warming decreased SRR20by 18.4% only during summer, indicating partial thermal acclimation of fine‐root respiration under warming. Warming did not change fine‐root N concentration, showing no possible enzyme limitation on respiration. Warming decreased root soluble sugar/starch ratio in summer, and glucose addition increased respiration only under warming, indicating a warming‐induced substrate limitation on respiration. Uncoupler addition also stimulated respiration only under warming, showing a warming‐induced adenylate limitation on respiration. These findings suggest that thermal acclimation of root respiration in subtropical forests, which is at least partially constrained by substrate and adenylate use, is conducive to reducing ecosystem carbon emissions and mitigating the positive feedback between atmospheric CO2and climate warming.
Increased uptake of deep soil water promotes drought resistance in mixed forests
Authors: Liu Ziqiang , Ye Limin , Jiang Jiang , Liu Rilin , Xu Yuanke , Jia Guodong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe intensity and frequency of droughts are projected to rise in recent years and adversely affect forests. Thus, information on plant water use and acclimation during and after droughts is crucial. This study used the stable isotope and thermal dissipation probes to detect the water‐use adaptation of mixed forests to drought using a precipitation gradient control experiment in the field. The results showed that Platycladus orientalis and Quercus variabilis mainly absorbed stable water from deep soil layers during the drought (32.05% and 28.2%, respectively). The synergetic nocturnal sap flow in both species replenished the water loss, but P. orientalis experienced a greater decline in transpiration acclimation to drought. The transpiration of Q. variabilis remained high since it was mainly induced by radiation. After short‐term exposure to drought, P. orientalis majorly obtained shallow soil water, confirming its sensitivity to shallow water. Contrarily, Q. variabilis mainly absorbed stable water from deep soil layers regardless of the soil water content. Therefore, these findings suggest that Q. variabilis cannot physiologically adjust to extreme drought events, possibly limiting their future distributions and altering the composition of boreal forests.
Histogenetic and disease‐relevant phenotypes in thymic epithelial tumors (TETs): The potential significance for future TET classification
Authors: Yamada Yosuke 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThymic epithelial tumors (TETs) encompass morphologically various subtypes. Thus, it would be meaningful to explore the expression phenotypes that delineate each TET subtype or overarching multiple subtypes. If these profiles are related to thymic physiology, they will improve our biological understanding of TETs and may contribute to the establishment of a more rational TET classification. Against this background, pathologists have attempted to identify histogenetic features in TETs for a long time. As part of this work, our group has reported several TET expression profiles that are histotype‐dependent and related to the nature of thymic epithelial cells (TECs). For example, we found that beta5t, a constituent of thymoproteasome unique to cortical TECs, is expressed mainly in type B thymomas, for which the nomenclature of cortical thymoma was once considered. Another example is the discovery that most thymic carcinomas, especially thymic squamous cell carcinomas, exhibit expression profiles similar to tuft cells, a recently discovered special type of medullary TEC. This review outlines the currently reported histogenetic phenotypes of TETs, including those related to thymoma‐associated myasthenia gravis, summarizes their genetic signatures, and provides a perspective for the future direction of TET classification.
Should the fox guard the henhouse? Category captainship arrangement as a strategic information transmission mechanism
Authors: Timoumi Ahmed , Esseghaier Skander , Koçkesen Levent 
Published: June 2023

Retailers may collaborate with key suppliers to manage some specified categories. This collaboration is often formalized as a “captainship arrangement” between the retailer and her leading supplier in the category. The designated “category captain” assists the retailer with category management decisions. We show that captainship arrangements have the potential to generate a valuable information effect for the retailer: nonprice decisions by the category captain can reveal information that allows the retailer to improve profit through better retail pricing decisions. We also show that captainship arrangements have the greatest potential to make the retailer better off in categories where the retailer is highly uncertain about the impact of category resources on brands' demand. Moreover, the more substitutable the brands in the category, the more valuable a captainship arrangement is to the retailer. The information effect of category captainship is robust to a variety of arrangements. It is present under delegation arrangements (where the retailer delegates the task of category resources deployment to the captain), as well as under advisory arrangements (where the retailer retains control over category decisions, relying on the captain for advice). Interestingly, we find that delegation has a “better” potential to transmit information than advisory. Furthermore, in case of an advisory arrangement, the retailer is better off keeping the captain's advice confidential rather than sharing it with the other suppliers.
Sourcing for online marketplaces with demand and price uncertainty
Authors: Gaur Vishal , Osadchiy Nikolay , Seshadri Sridhar , Subrahmanyam Marti G. 
Published: June 2023

Our paper is motivated by a manufacturer that sells a seasonal product through multiple retailers competing on an online marketplace, such as the Amazon marketplace. Demand and selling price uncertainty are key features of the online marketplace. Sourcing choices are differentiated by cost and available lead times—delaying shortens the lead time which is more expensive but yields more accurate information about future selling price and demand. Thus, ahead of the season, each retailer faces a continuous‐time decision problem about when to place an order with the manufacturer and in what quantity. The manufacturer is interested in knowing the ordering pattern of the retailers in order to plan production. We consider two sourcing strategies varying in the flexibility of order timing: an optimal precommitted ordering time strategy and an optimal time‐flexible ordering strategy. We prove that the former is optimal when the selling price is constant and the latter when the selling price is uncertain. We show that time‐flexible ordering can be mutually beneficial for the retailer and the manufacturer in a wide range of scenarios and that the manufacturer can favorably influence order timing by adjusting its wholesale price trajectory. The predictions of our model are consistent with the experience of a large U.S. manufacturer that motivated our study.
The role of product and market information in an online marketplace
Authors: Hu Shu , Wei Mike Mingcheng , Cui Shiliang 
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we study how provision of product information and/or market information affects buyers' and sellers' behavior and the resultant sales in an online marketplace. We first identify the Pareto‐dominant equilibrium for the sellers' pricing decisions. Then, we study the impact of market parameters on the sales of the platform in equilibrium, under various information structures. We find that the platform's sales increase with the size of potential buyers but change nonmonotonically with the size of potential sellers. Next, we analytically characterize the platform's optimal information strategy as a function of the underlying market parameters. We find that while it is always optimal for the platform to reveal some information, it should be strategic about which information to reveal when faced with different supply and demand conditions. In particular, in a seller's market (high ratio of potential buyers to sellers), the platform should provide both product and market information to the sellers and buyers. However, in a buyer's market (low ratio of potential buyers to sellers), it is optimal for the platform to only provide the market information—providing both the product and market information would backfire on the platform by jeopardizing its sales.
Dynamic pricing and production control in a two‐item make‐to‐stock system with flexible dual sourcing and lost sales
Authors: Li Ruobing , Xiao Li , Yao Dacheng 
Published: June 2023

We consider a joint control of pricing and production in a two‐item inventory system, where each item can be produced by its dedicated source or a shared flexible source, under the lost‐sales setting. The demands of the two items are correlated. Due to the complexity caused by the lost‐sales assumption and the interplay between pricing and production decisions, we show the optimal value function satisfies five structural properties under certain conditions. The optimal ordering and pricing policies are then fully characterized by five production curves and two pricing functions. Different from existing literature, we show that the optimal price path may not be monotone in the inventory level of either item. Next, we estimate the value of flexibility by comparing two systems, one with the flexible source only and the other with the dedicated source only, and show that the value of flexibility is positive (or negative) if the flexible source has a faster (or slower) production rate and a lower (or higher) production cost. Through numerical experiments, we find that in most cases flexibility and dynamic pricing are substitutes except for a few exceptions; and product substitution can either increase or decrease the value of flexibility.
Is the US Supreme Court a reliable backstop for an overreaching US president? Maybe, but is an overreaching (partisan) court worse?
Authors: Brown Rebecca L. , Epstein Lee 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Roberts Court has been called the most “___” Court in history, with many different adjectives being offered. Surprisingly, our study of voting data from Supreme Court terms 1937–2021 shows that the Roberts Court is the most “anti‐president” Court in that period: It has ruled against the president at a greater rate than any other Court. Should we take this to mean that the Court will be there to protect democracy if an overreaching president tries to trample constitutional limits? Not necessarily. Additional analysis and a deep dive into the cases and reasoning reveal a more complicated picture, of a Court exhibiting historic levels of partisan and loyalty bias as well as a strong penchant for judicial supremacy.
Detection of Chlamydia and Chlamydia‐like organisms in bovine placental tissue
Authors: Van Loo Hans , Pascottini Osvaldo Bogado , Ribbens Stefaan , Hooyberghs Jozef , Mori Marcella , Vanrompay Daisy , Opsomer Geert , Pardon Bart 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the presence of Chlamydia spp. and Parachlamydia acanthamoebae in bovine placental tissue originating from abortion and non‐abortion cases in Belgium. Placentas of 164 late term bovine abortions (last trimester of gestation) and 41 non‐abortion (collected after calving) cases were analysed by PCR for Chlamydia spp., Chlamydia abortus, C. psittaci and P. acanthamoebae. Additionally, a subset of 101 (75 abortion and 26 non‐abortion cases) of these placenta samples were also analysed by histopathology to detect possible Chlamydia‐induced lesions. In 5.4% (11/205) of the cases, Chlamydia spp. were detected, and three of those cases were positive for C. psittaci. Parachlamydia acanthamoebae was detected in 36% (75/205) of the cases, being 44% (n = 72) in abortions and 7.3% (n = 3) in non‐abortions cases (p < .001). None of the cases was positive for C. abortus. Purulent and/or necrotizing placentitis with or without vasculitis was observed in 18.8% (19/101) of the histopathologically analysed placenta samples. In 5.9% (6/101) of the cases, placentitis was observed along with vasculitis. In the abortion cases, 24% (18/75) of the samples showed purulent and/or necrotizing placentitis, while purulent and/or necrotizing placentitis was visible in 3.9% (1/26) of the non‐abortion cases. Placental lesions of inflammation and/or necrosis were present in 44% (15/34) of the cases where P. acanthamoebae was detected, while inflammation and/or necrosis was present in 20.9% (14/67) of the negative cases (p < .05). The detection of Chlamydia spp. and especially P. acanthamoebae, in combination with correlated histological lesions such as purulent and/or necrotizing placentitis and/or vasculitis in placental tissue following abortion, suggests a potential role of this pathogen in cases of bovine abortion in Belgium. Further in‐depth studies are necessary to unravel the role of these species as abortifacient agents in cattle and to include them in bovine abortion monitoring programmes.
Lesions in the oral mucosa associated with the use of checkpoint inhibitors: A bibliometric and critical review
Authors: Jural Lucas Alves , Estanho Daniella , Pereira Juliana da Silva Rangel , Ribeiro‐Lages Mariana Batista , Lima da Silva Larissa Soares , Cavalcante Israel Leal , Maia Lucianne Cople , Andrade Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de , Tenório Jefferson R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsImmune‐related adverse events (irAEs) linked to the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become increasingly frequent. To perform a bibliometric and critical review of the general panorama of publications on oral mucosal lesions (OML) associated with ICIs.Methods and ResultsSystematized searches were performed in four databases. The included studies were organized and bibliometric and clinical data were extracted and analyzed using VantagePoint and Microsoft Excel. Most of the 35 included studies were reports or case series (n = 33/94.2%). The American authors stood out (n = 17/48.5%), with the majority presenting only one publication. Independent groups carried out most of the publications (n = 31/88.5%). Over the years, publications have increased for users of nivolumab and pembrolizumab. In 21 studies (60%), OML were more common in men, between the 6th and 9th decades of life and who had lung carcinoma (n = 13/37.1%). Pembrolizumab (n = 17/48.5%) was the most used ICI. The patients were affected by one or more OML, including: ulcers (n = 28/80%) and erythema (n = 11/31.4%). Systemic corticosteroids (n = 24/68.5%) and the discontinuation of ICI use (n = 18/51.4%) were the main approaches used.ConclusionOML related to the use of ICIs have become increasingly common. More accurate data need to be published.
Predictors of satisfaction with digital follow‐up in Norwegian Labor and Welfare Administration: A sequential mixed‐methods study
Authors: Finne Joakim , Sadeghi Talieh , Løberg Ida Bring , Bakkeli Vidar , Sehic Belma , Thørrisen Mikkel M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study examines predictors of satisfaction with digital follow‐up among young people in the Norwegian Labor and Welfare Administration (NAV). A total of 1195 young employment seekers were recruited across Norway. Participants completed a cross‐sectional online survey comprising demographic questions, general questions on service quality, digital services, and open‐ended questions on their experiences with NAV. Using a mixed‐methods approach, we developed hypotheses derived from qualitative open‐ended text fields and tested these assumptions with quantitative analyses. Results revealed three themes related to satisfaction (information, response time, and impersonal contact), and multiple linear regression identified perceived response time, language comprehension, and information as predictors. Perceived response time was found to be the strongest predictor. We suggest that clients' perceptions of response time may be influenced by their service expectations, and service expectations may be shaped by the application of digital technologies. Hence, clarification of expectations may be of importance in digital follow‐up of young people. Finally, this study underscores the importance of clear and understandable information to reduce digital exclusion. We suggest that these changes should occur in collaboration with user‐panels.
Gender and ethno‐racial disparities in access to mortgage credit
Authors: Loya Jose 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is a long history of gender and ethno‐racial stratification in access to homeownership. Previous research highlights unequal treatment of minorities and women in the mortgage market. However, prior studies focus on single loan applicants when assessing the roles of both gender and race and ethnicity in their analysis. Because of this, it is unclear how mortgage lending disparities differ when considering the intersection of gender and race and ethnicity across single and co‐applicants. This paper draws on annual data from the 2018 and 2019 Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) to assess gender and ethno‐racial disparities in loan outcomes. I document two diverging trends. On the one hand, single applicant women generally perform similarly or outperform single applicant men in the mortgage market even across ethno‐racial groups. On the other hand, women‐headed co‐applicants are more likely to experience an adverse loan outcome compared to male‐headed co‐applicants. The gender gap is substantially larger for black and Latino co‐applicants than for white co‐applicants. This is particularly true for black women‐ and Latina‐headed co‐applicants when examining mortgage denials. The results for Asian co‐applicants are mixed, as gender disparities differ across mortgage outcomes. Implications for gender and ethno‐racial stratification are discussed.