bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equal opportunities but unequal mentoring? The perceptions of mentoring by Black and minority ethnic academics in the UK university sector
Authors: Harris Lloyd C. , Ogbonna Emmanuel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOfficial statistics on the labour market position of Black and minority ethnic (BME) groups in academic institutions reveal that there are disparities in both their representation and in their promotion to higher levels. However, while the importance of mentoring has been acknowledged, few studies have explored the role of this importance organizational intervention in understanding the adverse employment outcomes of BME academics. This article documents, explores, and analyses the perceptions, reflections, and interpretations that BME academics attribute to their understanding of the role of mentoring in their career journeys, interactions, and experiences. The findings suggest that BME academics experienced widespread dissatisfaction of mentoring which many attributed to the unfavourable context in which university interventions such as mentoring is implemented as well as the inauthenticity of white mentors in their interactions with BME academics. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for researchers and practitioners.
Improving shikonin solubility and stability by encapsulation in natural surfactant‐coated shikonin nanoparticles
Authors: He Jie , Xie Youfa , Zhong Junzhen , Chen Wenrong , Fang Suqiong , Chen Xing , Peng Shengfeng , Liu Wei , Liu Chengmei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt is significant to develop a colloidal delivery system to improve the water solubility, stability, and bioavailability of shikonin, which is a hydrophobic plant polyphenol with a variety of physiological activities. In this study, three kinds of natural surfactants (saponin, sophorolipid, and rhamnolipid) were used to prepare shikonin nanoparticles by the pH‐driven method. The physicochemical and structural properties of the shikonin nanoparticles were characterized, including particle size, zeta potential, and morphology. The encapsulation efficiencies of shikonin nanoparticles coated with saponin and sophorolipid were 97.6% and 97.3%, respectively, which were much higher than that of rhamnolipid‐coated shikonin nanoparticles (19.0%). Shikonin nanoparticles coated with saponin and sophorolipid showed good resistance to heat and light and maintained long‐term stability during storage. Moreover, shikonin nanoparticles coated with saponin and sophorolipid improved their in vitro‐bioavailability.Practical ApplicationThese article results are of great importance for improving the stability and bioavailability of shikonin in functional foods, dietary supplements, or pharmaceutical preparations. Moreover, this study provided theoretical and practical guides for further research of shikonin nanoparticles and may promote the development of natural colloidal delivery systems.
Predicting accounting fraud using imbalanced ensemble learning classifiers – evidence from China
Authors: Rahman Md Jahidur , Zhu Hongtao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe current research aims to launch effective accounting fraud detection models using imbalanced ensemble learning algorithms for China A‐Share listed firms. Based on a sample of 33,544 Chinese firm‐year instances from 1998 to 2017, this research respectively established one logistic regression and four ensemble learning classifiers (AdaBoost, XGBoost, CUSBoost, and RUSBoost) by 12 financial ratios and 28 raw financial data. Additionally, we divided the sample into the train and test observations to evaluate the classifiers' out‐of‐sample performance. In detail, we applied two metrics, namely, Area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve (AUC) and Area under the Precision‐Recall curve (AUPR), to evaluate classifiers' discriminability. In the supplement test, this study put forward an algebraic fused model on the basis of the four ensemble learning classifiers and introduced the sliding window technique. The empirical results showed that the ensemble learning classifiers can detect accounting fraud for the imbalanced China A‐listed firms far more effectively than the logistic regression model. Moreover, imbalanced ensemble learning classifiers (CUSBoost and RUSBoost) effectively performed better than the common ensemble learning models (AdaBoost and XGBoost) in average. The algebraic fused model in the supplement test also obtained the highest average AUC and AUPR among all the employed algorithms. Our results offer firm support for the potential role of Machine Learning (ML)‐based Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches in reliably predicting accounting fraud with high accuracy. Similarly, for the Chinese settings, our ML‐based AI offers utmost advantage in forecasting accounting fraud. Finally, this paper fills the research gap on the applications of imbalanced ensemble learning in accounting fraud detection for Chinese listed firms.
Impact of land use patterns on bee communities in the north of Côte d'Ivoire (West Africa)
Authors: Coulibaly Drissa , Tuo Yalamoussa , Kone Mouhamadou , Soro Kinafoho Christiane , Koua Kouakou Hervé 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNatural and protected area degradation constitutes a threat to bee communities and could decrease crop yield by reducing bee pollination effectiveness. For West Africa, changes in bee communities across disturbance gradients from savannah to agricultural land are mainly unknown. Our study aimed to assess the impact of land use patterns on bee communities in the department of Korhogo. We chose three sites of varying disturbance intensity (low, medium and high disturbance). Bees were caught using pan traps. Abundance, richness, evenness and community structure of bees were assessed. During 6 months of sampling, 3176 bee specimens belonging to three families (Apidae, Halictidae and Megachilidae) were caught, comprising 18 species and 15 genera. Species richness of Halictidae and abundance of Apidae were highest (F = 93.86; p = 0.0051). The station with low disturbance was more diversified (H′ = 2.75). Bee average abundance was higher in sites with medium disturbance. Our findings are relevant to biodiversity conservation. They show that bee diversity is high where the disturbance level is still low.
Osteoporosis in men with hypogonadism because of ApoA‐I Leu75Pro amyloidosis under long‐term testosterone therapy
Authors: Facondo Paolo , Delbarba Andrea , Pezzaioli Letizia Chiara , Ferlin Alberto , Cappelli Carlo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundApo A‐I Leu75Pro amyloidosis is a rare systemic hereditary disease, whose hallmark and earliest involvement is testicular impairment, characterized by hypogonadism and macrorchidism; renal and hepatic involvement are the other characteristics.ObjectiveTo evaluate for the first time the prevalence of osteopenia, osteoporosis and vertebral fractures (VFs) in men with this form of amyloidosis affected by hypogonadism and under long‐term testosterone replacement therapy (TRT).Materials and methodsRetrospective study on 50 men >50 years (median age 64.5) with dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA), hormonal, and biochemical data available at least 3 years after the start of TRT. Serum gonadal hormones and bone markers, lumbar and femoral DXA‐scan with morphometric assay for evaluation of VFs were assessed.ResultsAt 7.5 years from start of TRT, lumbar and/or femoral osteopenia and osteoporosis were found in 54% and 10% of patients, respectively. Of the men who had the morphometric assay performed, five of 34 (14.7%) had VFs. Compared to patients with normal bone mineral density, men with osteopenia and osteoporosis were older, had lower body mass index, higher sex hormone binding globulin and showed more frequently renal involvement. Multiorgan involvement, without different TRT dosage, was associated with lower testosterone levels.Discussion and conclusionMen with hypogonadism because of Apo A‐I Leu75Pro amyloidosis under long‐term TRT had a high burden of low bone mass (64%) and VFs (almost 15%). Osteopenia‐osteoporosis was more frequently observed in older patients with multi‐organ disease, which might contribute to impair bone health beyond hypogonadism.
Yield effects of agricultural cooperative membership in developing countries: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Ma Wanglin , Hong Sanghyun , Reed W. Robert , Duan Jianhua , Luu Phong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study uses a meta‐analysis to synthesize the effects of agricultural cooperative membership on the yield of crops and livestock. It collects 158 estimated yield effects from 42 studies, covering 19 developing countries. Our analysis finds evidence that there exists positive publication bias in the empirical literature, confirming that researchers and journals have a preference to publish articles that report positive and significant results. After correcting for publication bias, we find that cooperative membership has a small‐sized and insignificant effect on the yield. The meta‐regression analysis reveals that variation in the reported yield effects can be largely explained by the study attributes such as the sample type (full sample vs. subsample), membership ratio, econometric approaches (instrumental‐variable based parametric approach, non‐parametric approach or ordinary least square regression), effect size types (average treatment effects on the treated, average treatment effects, or coefficient), agro‐product type (grain or others), and climate zones (tropical or non‐tropical).
Birth includes us: Development of a community‐led survey to capture experiences of pregnancy care among LGBTQ2S+ families
Authors: Altman Molly R. , Cragg Kase , van Winkle Teresa , Julian Zoë , Obedin‐Maliver Juno , Tarasoff Lesley A. , Eagen‐Torkko Meghan K. , Ferrell Brittany L. , Rubashkin Nicholas A. , Lusero Indra , Vedam Saraswathi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundLimited research captures the intersectional and nuanced experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, two‐spirit, and other sexual and gender‐minoritized (LGBTQ2S+) people when accessing perinatal care services, including care for pregnancy, birth, abortion, and/or pregnancy loss.MethodsWe describe the participatory research methods used to develop the Birth Includes Us survey, an online survey study to capture experiences of respectful perinatal care for LGBTQ2S+ individuals. From 2019 to 2021, our research team in collaboration with a multi‐stakeholder Community Steering Council identified, adapted, and/or designed survey items which were reviewed and then content validated by community members with lived experience.ResultsThe final survey instrument spans the perinatal care experience, from preconception to early parenthood, and includes items to capture experiences of care across different pregnancy roles (eg, pregnant person, partner/co‐parent, intended parent using surrogacy) and pregnancy outcomes (eg, live birth, stillbirth, miscarriage, and abortion). Three validated measures of respectful perinatal care are included, as well as measures to assess experiences of racism, discrimination, and bias across intersections of identity.Discussion and ConclusionsBy centering diverse perspectives in the review process, the Birth Includes Us instrument is the first survey to assess the range of experiences within LGBTQ2S+ communities. This instrument is ready for implementation in studies that seek to examine geographic and identity‐based perinatal health outcomes and care experiences among LGBTQ2S+ people.
Dose reductions in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinaemia treated with ibrutinib
Authors: Sarosiek Shayna , Gustine Joshua N. , Flynn Catherine A. , Leventoff Carly , Little Megan , White Timothy , Meid Kirsten , Treon Steven P. , Castillo Jorge J. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryWaldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM) is characterized by the presence of a MYD88L265P mutation. This mutation promotes growth and survival of malignant cells through Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) activation. Ibrutinib was the first BTK inhibitor approved for WM. Intolerance to ibrutinib frequently leads to dose reductions, though the impact of reducing ibrutinib dosing has not been systematically studied. We performed a retrospective study to determine the frequency and impact of reducing ibrutinib dosing in WM patients. With a median treatment time of 64 months, 96 (27%) of 353 WM patients required a dose reduction due to adverse events such as musculoskeletal symptoms, cardiac events, dermatologic symptoms, cytopenias, and gastrointestinal symptoms. The median time to initial dose reduction was 9.3 months (range, 0.5–74). Dose reductions were more common in those 65 years of age or older versus under 65 [hazard ratio (HR) 2.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.55–3.90; p < 0.001], and in females versus males (HR 2.20, 95% CI 1.41–3.28, p < 0.001). Most patients (65%) had improvement or resolution of adverse effects after initial dose reduction. With a median follow‐up of three years from dose reduction, hematologic response sustained or deepened in 79% of patients. These data suggest that dose reduction of ibrutinib is a reasonable treatment approach for patients with intolerable side effects.
The Japanese clinical guidelines 2022 for myasthenia gravis and Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Authors: Murai Hiroyuki , Utsugisawa Kimiaki , Motomura Masakatsu , Imai Tomihiro , Uzawa Akiyuki , Suzuki Shigeaki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe revised Japanese clinical guidelines for myasthenia gravis (MG) and Lambert–Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) were published in 2022. The notable points in these guidelines (GLs) are as follows: (i) these are the first Japanese GLs to include a description of LEMS; (ii) diagnostic criteria of MG are revised to lessen the incidence of false negative patients; (iii) MG is divided into six clinical subtypes; (iv) a high‐dose oral steroid regimen with escalation and de‐escalation schedule is not recommended by the GLs; (v) the GLs promote the early fast‐acting treatment strategy initially proposed in the previous GLs; (vi) refractory MG is defined; (vii) the use of molecular targeted drugs is included; (viii) diagnostic criteria of LEMS are proposed; and (ix) treatment algorithms for both MG and LEMS are presented. These new GLs are expected to improve the patients' quality of life and will serve to bridge the present era with the molecular targeted treatment eras.
Automated detection of glottic laryngeal carcinoma in laryngoscopic images from a multicentre database using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Yan Peikai , Li Shaohua , Zhou Zhou , Liu Qian , Wu Jiahui , Ren Qingyi , Chen Qiuhuan , Chen Zhipeng , Chen Ze , Chen Shaohua , Scholp Austin , Jiang Jack J. , Kang Jing , Ge Pingjiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about the efficacy of using artificial intelligence (AI) to identify laryngeal carcinoma from images of vocal lesions taken in different hospitals with multiple laryngoscope systems. This multicentre study aimed to establish an AI system and provide a reliable auxiliary tool to screen for laryngeal carcinoma.Study designMulticentre case–control study.SettingSix tertiary care centres.ParticipantsLaryngoscopy images were collected from 2179 patients with vocal fold lesions.Outcome measuresAn automatic detection system of laryngeal carcinoma was established and used to distinguish malignant and benign vocal lesions in 2179 laryngoscopy images acquired from 6 hospitals with 5 types of laryngoscopy systems. Pathological examination was the gold standard for identifying malignant and benign vocal lesions.ResultsOut of 89 cases in the malignant group, the classifier was able to correctly identify laryngeal carcinoma in 66 patients (74.16%, sensitivity). Out of 640 cases in the benign group, the classifier was able to accurately assess the laryngeal lesion in 503 cases (78.59%, specificity). Furthermore, the region‐based convolutional neural network (R‐CNN) classifier achieved an overall accuracy of 78.05%, with a 95.63% negative predictive value and a 32.51% positive predictive value for the testing data set.ConclusionThis automatic diagnostic system has the potential to assist clinical laryngeal carcinoma diagnosis which may improve and standardise the diagnostic capacity of laryngologists using different laryngoscopes.
Weight regain and mental health outcomes following behavioural weight management programmes: A systematic review with meta‐analyses
Authors: Theodoulou Annika , Hartmann‐Boyce Jamie , Gorenberg Jordan , Oke Jason L. , Butler Ailsa R. , Bastounis Anastasios , Jebb Susan A. , Aveyard Paul 
Published: January 2023

SummaryBehavioural weight management programmes (BWMPs) lead to weight loss but subsequent weight regain may harm mental health outcomes. We searched for randomised trials of BWMPs in adults with overweight/obesity with follow‐up ≥12 months from baseline that measured weight change both at and after programme‐end. We included only studies reporting mental health at or after programme‐end. We meta‐analysed changes in various mental health outcomes using a random‐effects model by nature of the comparator group and by time since programme end. Subgroup analysis explored heterogeneity. We used mixed models and meta‐regression to analyse the association between change in weight and change in depression and/or anxiety over time, with higher scores indicating greater depression and/or anxiety. We included 47 studies. When comparing BWMPs (diet and/or exercise) to control, most estimates included the possibility of no difference, but pooled estimates for psychological wellbeing, self‐esteem and mental‐health composite scores at programme‐end, anxiety at 1–6 months, and depression at 7–12 months after programme‐end suggested improvements in intervention arms relative to control, with 95% CIs excluding no difference. Pooled estimates found no evidence that BWMPs harmed mental health at programme end or beyond. Mental health composite scores at programme‐end favoured diet and exercise interventions over diet alone, with 95% CIs excluding no difference. All other measures and timepoints included the possibility of no difference or could not be meta‐analysed due to high heterogeneity or a paucity of data. Mixed models and meta‐regression of the association between change in depression and/or anxiety scores over time, and change in weight, were inconclusive. Despite weight regain after BWMPs, our meta‐analyses found no evidence of mental health harm and some evidence that BWMPs may improve some dimensions of mental health at and after programme‐end.
Perceived Group Identity Alters Task‐Unrelated Thought and Attentional Divergence During Conversations
Authors: Colby Alexander , Wong Aaron , Allen Laura , Kun Andrew , Mills Caitlin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTask‐unrelated thought (TUT) occurs frequently in our daily lives and across a range of tasks, but we know little about how this phenomenon arises during and influences the way we communicate. Conversations also provide a novel opportunity to assess the alignment (or divergence) in TUT during dyadic interactions. We conducted a study to determine: (a) the frequency of TUT during conversation as well as how partners align/diverge in their rates of TUT, (b) the subjective and behavioral correlates of TUT and TUT divergence during conversation, and (c) if perceived social group identity impacts TUT and TUT divergence during conversation. We used a minimal groups induction procedure to assign participants (N = 126) to either an ingroup, outgroup, or control condition. We then asked them to converse with one another via a computer‐mediated text chat application for 10 min while self‐reporting TUTs. On average, participants reported TUT about once every 2 min; however, this rate was lower for participants in the ingroup condition, compared to the control condition. Conversational pairs in the ingroup condition were also aligned more in their rates of TUT compared to the outgroup condition. Finally, we discuss subjective and behavioral correlates of TUT and TUT divergence in conversations, such as valence, turn‐taking ratios, and topic shifts.
Species and functional diversity of direct‐seeded vegetation declines over 25 years
Authors: Atkinson Joe , Simpson‐Young Charlotte , Fifield Graham , Schneemann Barton , Bonser Stephen P. , Moles Angela T. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe re‐establishment of native vegetation on disturbed land has been adopted widely as a form of ecological restoration in the past few decades. It is often suggested that establishing native plantings will lead to increasing biodiversity at restoration sites over time. However, this prediction has not been tested over long periods. Now that some pioneering projects and monitoring programs have become older, it is possible to quantify the long‐term benefits of native vegetation plantings. We asked how the plant diversity and function of 12 biodiverse native vegetation plantings has changed over approximately 30 years. We found that sites declined in measures of functional and species diversity over time. Shorter‐statured woody species were not as common at older sites. Surprisingly, sites initially seeded with a greater richness of species did not have higher standing richness at any later census period. While all sites produced net native biodiversity benefits relative to the exotic pastures they replaced, ongoing management and monitoring will be needed to ensure they continue to do so. Understanding the relationship between ageing native vegetation plantings and other components of the ecosystem (e.g., mammals, birds, invertebrates, soil, microorganisms) is a priority. Our results suggest that recruitment barriers in ex‐agricultural ecosystems are high and that the biodiversity benefits provided by shorter‐lived species will only be transient without ongoing management of these systems. Research confronting these recruitment barriers is a priority, and managers (and funders) of these kinds of restoration projects may need to be prepared for ongoing management of sites to promote lost components if they are desired as continual features of these ecosystems.