bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the growth of Octopus vulgaris in the Moroccan Mediterranean Sea by direct age estimation through the analysis of upper beaks
Authors: Faiki Ahmed , Chairi Hicham , Malouli Idrissi Mohammed , Bensbai Jilali 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Beaks are one of the most important sclerochronological structures used to study the age and growth of cephalopods, in particular Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797. The present study provides results of ageing of 128 O. vulgaris (56–239 mm dorsal mantle length, DML; 121–5974 g total weight, TW) collected in the southern Moroccan Mediterranean coasts between Fnideq and Jebha. The number of increments corresponding to the age (days since hatching) varied from 137–368 in females and from 129–382 in males. There was a significant correlation between beak and somatic growth. The correlation coefficients of the growth curves DML-Age and TW-Age were similar for both power and exponential models: DML = 0.185Age1.188 (R2 = 0.547), DML = 35.933e0.005Age (R2 = 0.546), TW = 0.00002Age3.260 (R2 = 0.532), TW = 29.56e0.014Age (R2 = 0.541). The average width of the increments was similar between females and males. It varied significantly with season and stage of sexual maturity. Comparison of the growth curve with those estimated by other authors showed that Moroccan Mediterranean O. vulgaris grew faster than that of Sardinia (Italy) and slower than that of the Mauritanian coast.
Are the impacts of food systems on climate change being reported by the media? An Australian media analysis
Authors: Atkinson Nicole , Ferguson Megan , Russell Cherie , Cullerton Katherine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjective:Food systems are a major contributor to climate change, producing one-third of global greenhouse gas emissions. However, public knowledge of food systems’ contributions to climate change is low. One reason for low public awareness may be limited media coverage of the issue. To investigate this, we conducted a media analysis examining coverage of food systems and their contribution to climate change in Australian newspapers.Design:We analysed climate change articles from twelve Australian newspapers between 2011 and 2021, sourced from Factiva. We explored the volume and frequency of climate change articles that mentioned food systems and their contributions to climate change, as well as the level of focus on food systems.Setting:Australia.Participants:N/A.Results:Of the 2892 articles included, only 5 % mentioned the contributions of food systems to climate change, with the majority highlighting food production as the main contributor, followed by food consumption. Conversely, 8 % mentioned the impact of climate change on food systems.Conclusions:Though newspaper coverage of food systems’ effects on climate change is increasing, coverage of the issue remains limited. As newspapers play a key role in increasing public and political awareness of matters, the findings provide valuable insights for advocates wishing to increase engagement on the issue. Increased media coverage may raise public awareness and encourage action by policymakers. Collaboration between public health and environmental stakeholders to increase public knowledge of the relationship between food systems and climate change is recommended.
Integrating NASA Aqua AIRS in a Real‐Time NUCAPS Science‐To‐Applications System to Support Severe Weather Forecasting
Authors: Berndt E. B. , Smith N. , Barnet C. D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Unique Combined Atmospheric Processing System (NUCAPS) hyperspectral infrared satellite sounding retrievals derived from Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) polar‐orbiting satellites have been documented as observations that add value to weather forecasting applications. NUCAPS is currently the operational algorithm delivering JPSS satellite sounding retrievals to the NOAA National Weather Service (NWS) and is based on the heritage Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) Science Team algorithm for processing vertical temperature, moisture, and trace gas retrievals. For the Special Collection on “Twenty Years of Observations from AIRS,” we highlight the methodology we implemented to develop a prototype science‐to‐applications system to enable real‐time processing of AIRS satellite sounding retrievals through the NUCAPS algorithm (i.e., NUCAPS‐Aqua) to support weather forecasting applications. The addition of NUCAPS‐Aqua to experimental real‐time pathways alongside operational JPSS NUCAPS soundings, facilitated assessment of NUCAPS‐Aqua at the 2022 Hazardous Weather Testbed (HWT) Spring Experiment. Development of NUCAPS‐Aqua described in this technical report includes preservation of microwave observations and calculation of a‐priori regression coefficients. Additionally, the real‐time processing and challenges with implementing a science‐to‐applications system are discussed. Two illustrative pre‐convective forecasting examples analyzed by NWS forecasters during the 2022 HWT Spring Experiment are highlighted to demonstrate the benefit of NUCAPS‐Aqua as (a) special afternoon soundings, (b) an additional observation to assess temporal trends using multiple satellites, and (c) a complement to observational and model analysis.
Great ape cognition is structured by stable cognitive abilities and predicted by developmental conditions
Authors: Bohn Manuel , Eckert Johanna , Hanus Daniel , Lugauer Benedikt , Holtmann Jana , Haun Daniel B. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGreat ape cognition is used as a reference point to specify the evolutionary origins of complex cognitive abilities, including in humans. This research often assumes that great ape cognition consists of cognitive abilities (traits) that account for stable differences between individuals, which change and develop in response to experience. Here, we test the validity of these assumptions by assessing repeatability of cognitive performance among captive great apes (Gorilla gorilla,Pongo abelii,Pan paniscus,Pan troglodytes) in five tasks covering a range of cognitive domains. We examine whether individual characteristics (age, group, test experience) or transient situational factors (life events, testing arrangements or sociality) influence cognitive performance. Our results show that task-level performance is generally stable over time; four of the five tasks were reliable measurement tools. Performance in the tasks was best explained by stable differences in cognitive abilities (traits) between individuals. Cognitive abilities were further correlated, suggesting shared cognitive processes. Finally, when predicting cognitive performance, we found stable individual characteristics to be more important than variables capturing transient experience. Taken together, this study shows that great ape cognition is structured by stable cognitive abilities that respond to different developmental conditions.
Spatio-temporal evolution and driving forces of habitat quality in Guizhou Province
Authors: Xie Bo , Zhang Mingming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze spatio-temporal changes in habitat quality in Guizhou Province during the 1990–2018 period and identify factors influencing habitat quality. Land-use data for the period were used to evaluate spatio-temporal variations in habitat quality using the InVEST model, and factors influencing habitat quality were analyzed using GeoDetector. According to the results, cultivated land and forestland decreased by 0.48% and 0.88%, respectively, during the study period. Grassland, water, and construction land areas increased, with construction land increasing the most (0.92%) followed by water area (0.37%). The main land-use changes included conversion of cultivated land to forestland, grassland, and construction land. The average habitat quality index for Guizhou Province changed from 0.633 to 0.627 over the 1990–2018 period, showing an overall downward trend. The distribution pattern of habitat quality was spatially "high in the north, south, and, east, and low in the west". The most significant improvement of habitat quality was in the western region, whereas the most significant decline of habitat quality was in the central region. Land-use was the major factor influencing the spatio-temporal variations in habitat quality, and the interactive effect between any two factors was stronger than that of a single factor. Natural factors and human factors co-dominated the temporal-spatial changes in habitat quality.
The genome-wide mutational consequences of DNA hypomethylation
Authors: Besselink Nicolle , Keijer Janneke , Vermeulen Carlo , Boymans Sander , de Ridder Jeroen , van Hoeck Arne , Cuppen Edwin , Kuijk Ewart 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDNA methylation is important for establishing and maintaining cell identity and for genomic stability. This is achieved by regulating the accessibility of regulatory and transcriptional elements and the compaction of subtelomeric, centromeric, and other inactive genomic regions. Carcinogenesis is accompanied by a global loss in DNA methylation, which facilitates the transformation of cells. Cancer hypomethylation may also cause genomic instability, for example through interference with the protective function of telomeres and centromeres. However, understanding the role(s) of hypomethylation in tumor evolution is incomplete because the precise mutational consequences of global hypomethylation have thus far not been systematically assessed. Here we made genome-wide inventories of all possible genetic variation that accumulates in single cells upon the long-term global hypomethylation by CRISPR interference-mediated conditional knockdown of DNMT1. Depletion of DNMT1 resulted in a genomewide reduction in DNA methylation. The degree of DNA methylation loss was similar to that observed in many cancer types. Hypomethylated cells showed reduced proliferation rates, increased transcription of genes, reactivation of the inactive X-chromosome and abnormal nuclear morphologies. Prolonged hypomethylation was accompanied by increased chromosomal instability. However, there was no increase in mutational burden, enrichment for certain mutational signatures or accumulation of structural variation to the genome. In conclusion, the primary consequence of hypomethylation is genomic instability, which in cancer leads to increased tumor heterogeneity and thereby fuels cancer evolution.
A widely applicable and cost-effective method for specific RNA–protein complex isolation
Authors: Balzarini Sam , Van Ende Roosje , Voet Arnout , Geuten Koen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough methodological advances have been made over the past years, a widely applicable, easily scalable and cost-effective procedure that can be routinely used to isolate specific ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) remains elusive. We describe the “Silica-based Acidic Phase Separation (SAPS)-capture” workflow. This versatile method combines previously described techniques in a cost-effective, optimal and widely applicable protocol. The specific RNP isolation procedure is performed on a pre-purified RNP sample instead of cell lysate. This combination of protocols results in an increased RNP/bead ratio and by consequence a reduced experimental cost. To validate the method, the 18S rRNP of S. cerevisiae was captured and to illustrate its applicability we isolated the complete repertoire of RNPs in A. thaliana. The procedure we describe can provide the community with a powerful tool to advance the study of the ribonome of a specific RNA molecule in any organism or tissue type.
Mapping the functional interactions at the tumor-immune checkpoint interface
Authors: Bozorgui Behnaz , Kong Elisabeth K. , Luna Augustin , Korkut Anil 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe interactions between tumor intrinsic processes and immune checkpoints can mediate immune evasion by cancer cells and responses to immunotherapy. It is, however, challenging to identify functional interactions due to the prohibitively complex molecular landscape of the tumor-immune interfaces. We address this challenge with a statistical analysis framework, immuno-oncology gene interaction maps (ImogiMap). ImogiMap quantifies and statistically validates tumor-immune checkpoint interactions based on their co-associations with immune-associated phenotypes. The outcome is a catalog of tumor-immune checkpoint interaction maps for diverse immune-associated phenotypes. Applications of ImogiMap recapitulate the interaction of SERPINB9 and immune checkpoints with interferon gamma (IFNγ) expression. Our analyses suggest that CD86-CD70 and CD274-CD70 immunoregulatory interactions are significantly associated with IFNγ expression in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma and basal-like breast cancer, respectively. The open-source ImogiMap software and user-friendly web application will enable future applications of ImogiMap. Such applications may guide the discovery of previously unknown tumor-immune interactions and immunotherapy targets.
Testing angular momentum transport processes with asteroseismology of solar-type main-sequence stars
Authors: Bétrisey J. , Eggenberger P. , Buldgen G. , Benomar O. , Bazot M. 
Published: April 2023

Context. Thanks to the so-called photometry revolution with the space-based missions CoRoT, Kepler, and TESS, asteroseismology has become a powerful tool to study the internal rotation of stars. The rotation rate depends on the efficiency of the angular momentum (AM) transport inside the star, and its study allows to constrain the internal AM transport processes, as well as improve our understanding of their physical nature.
Aims. We compared the ratio of the rotation rate predicted by asteroseismology and starspot measurements of solar-type stars considering different AM transport prescriptions and investigated whether some of these prescriptions can be ruled out observationally.
Methods. We conducted a two-step modelling procedure of four main-sequence stars from the Kepler LEGACY sample, which consists of an asteroseismic characterisation that serves as a guide for a modelling with rotating models, including a detailed and coherent treatment of the AM transport. The rotation profiles derived with this procedure were used to estimate the ratio of the mean asteroseismic rotation rate with the surface rotation rate from starspot measurements for each AM transport prescriptions. Comparisons between the models were then conducted.
Results. In the hotter part of the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram (masses typically above ∼1.2 M⊙ at solar metallicity), models with only hydrodynamic transport processes and models with additional transport by magnetic instabilities are found to be consistent with previous measurements that observed a low degree (below 30%) of radial differential rotation between the radiative and convective zones. For these stars, which constitute a significant fraction of the Kepler LEGACY sample, a combination of asteroseismic constraints from the splitting of pressure modes and of the surface rotation rate does not allow us to conclude that an efficient AM transport is required in addition to transport by meridional circulation and shear instability alone. Even a model assuming local AM conservation cannot be ruled out. In the colder part of the HR diagram, the situation is different because of the efficient braking of the stellar surface by magnetised winds. We find a clear disagreement between the rotational properties of models that only include hydrodynamic processes and asteroseismic constraints, while models with magnetic fields correctly reproduce the observations, similarly to the solar case.
Conclusions. This shows the existence of a mass regime corresponding to main-sequence F-type stars for which it is difficult to constrain the AM transport processes, unlike for hotter, Gamma Dor stars or colder, less massive solar analogues. The comparison between asteroseismic measurements and surface rotation rates enables us to easily rule out models with an inefficient transport of AM in the colder part of the HR diagram.
Turnaround density evolution encodes cosmology in simulations
Authors: Korkidis Giorgos , Pavlidou Vasiliki , Tassis Konstantinos 
Published: April 2023

Context. The mean matter density within the turnaround radius, which is the boundary that separates a nonexpanding structure from the Hubble flow, was recently proposed as a novel cosmological probe. According to the spherical collapse model, the evolution with cosmic time of this turnaround density, ρta(z), can be used to determine both Ωm and ΩΛ, independently of any other currently used probe. The properties of ρta predicted by the spherical collapse model (universality for clusters of any mass, value) were also shown to persist in the presence of full three-dimensional effects in ΛCDM N-body cosmological simulations when considering galaxy clusters at the present time, z = 0. However, a small offset was discovered between the spherical-collapse prediction of the value of ρta at z = 0 and its value measured in simulations.
Aims. In this letter, we explore whether this offset evolves with cosmic time; whether it differs in different cosmologies; whether its origin can be confidently identified; and whether it can be corrected. Specifically, we aim to examine whether the evolution of ρta can be used to distinguish between simulated universes with and without a cosmological constant.
Methods. We used N-body simulations with different cosmological parameters to trace the evolution of the turnaround density ρta with cosmic time for the largest dark matter halos in the simulated boxes. To this end, we analyzed snapshots of these simulations at various redshifts, and we used radial velocity profiles to identify the turnaround radius within which we measured ρta.
Results. We found an offset between the prediction of the spherical collapse model for ρta and its measured value from simulations. The offset evolves slightly with redshift. This offset correlates strongly with the deviation from spherical symmetry of the dark matter halo distribution inside and outside of the turnaround radius. We used an appropriate metric to quantify deviations in the environment of a structure from spherical symmetry. We found that using this metric, we can construct a sphericity-selected sample of halos for which the offset of ρta from the spherical collapse prediction is zero, independently of redshift and cosmology.
Conclusions. We found that a sphericity-selected halo sample allows us to recover the simulated cosmology, and we conclude that the turnaround density evolution indeed encodes the cosmology in N-body simulations.
Solar energetic particle event onsets at different heliolongitudes: The effect of turbulence in Parker spiral geometry
Authors: Laitinen T. , Dalla S. , Waterfall C. O. G. , Hutchinson A. 
Published: April 2023

Context.Solar energetic particles (SEPs), accelerated during solar eruptions, are observed to rapidly reach a wide heliolongitudinal range in the interplanetary space. Turbulence-associated SEP propagation across the mean Parker spiral direction has been suggested to contribute to this phenomenon.Aims.We study SEP propagation in turbulent magnetic fields to evaluate SEP spatial distribution in the heliosphere, their path lengths, and the overall evolution of SEP intensities at 1 au.Methods.We use full-orbit test particle simulations of 100-MeV protons in a novel analytic model of the turbulent heliospheric magnetic field, where the turbulence is dominated by modes that are transverse and 2D with respect to the Parker spiral direction.Results.We find that by propagating along meandering field lines, SEPs reach a 60°-wide heliolongitudinal range at 1 au within an hour of their injection for the turbulence parameters considered. The SEP onset times are asymmetric with respect to the location connected to the source along the Parker spiral, with the earliest arrival times being 15° westwards from the well-connected Parker spiral longitude. The inferred path length of the first arriving particles is 1.5−1.8 au within 30° of the well-connected longitude; 20−30% longer than the length of the random-walking field lines, increasing monotonously at longitudes further away; and 30−50% longer than the Parker spiral. The global maximum intensity is reached 15° west from the well-connected longitude an hour after the SEP injection. Subsequently, the SEP distribution broadens, consistent with diffusive spreading of SEPs across the field lines.Conclusions.Our results indicate that magnetic field line meandering can explain rapid access of SEPs to wide longitudinal ranges, as well as several other features of SEP event intensity evolution.
Accurate calibration of optical tweezers close to a glass surface using interference rings in backscattered light
Authors: Gillant Flavie , Moreau Julien , Richly Maximilian U. , Alexandrou Antigoni , Perronet Karen , Westbrook Nathalie 
Published: April 2023

Mechanical forces play an important role in the behaviour of cells, from differentiation to migration and the development of diseases. Optical tweezers provide a quantitative tool to study these forces and must be combined with other tools, such as phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy. Detecting the retro-reflected trap beam is a convenient way to monitor the force applied by optical tweezers, while freeing top access to the sample. Accurate in situ calibration is required especially for single cells close to a surface where viscosity varies rapidly with height. Here, we take advantage of the well contrasted interference rings in the back focal plane of the objective to find the height of a trapped bead above a cover slip. We thus map the viscous drag dependence close to the surface and find agreement between four different measurement techniques for the trap stiffness down to 2 μm above the surface. Combining this detection scheme with phase contrast microscopy, we show that the phase ring in the back focal plane of the objective must be deported in a conjugate plane on the imaging path. This simplifies implementation of optical tweezers in combination with other techniques for biomechanical studies.
Evaluation and Comparison of Respiratory Muscular Strength, Functionality, and Pelvic Floor in the Immediate Postpartum of Normal and Cesarean Birth
Authors: Rosa Carolina Martins da , Dockhorn Thariny Huesken , Cardoso Juliana Rezende , Forgiarini Soraia Genebra Ibrahim , Junior Luiz Alberto Forgiarini , Cordeiro André Luiz Lisboa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective: To evaluate and compare peripheral, pelvic floor, respiratory muscle strength, and functionality in the immediate puerperium of normal delivery and cesarean section.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that verified respiratory, pelvic floor, peripheral, and functional muscle strength through manovacuometry, pelvic floor functional assessment (PFF), dynamometry, and the Time Up and Go (TUG) test, respectively. The groups were divided according to the type of delivery, into a cesarean section group and a normal parturition group.
Results: The sample was composed of 72 postpartum puerperae, 36 of normal parturition, and 36 of cesarean section, evaluated before hospital discharge, mean age ranged from 25.56 ± 6.28 and 28.57 ± 6.47 years in puerperae of normal parturition and cesarean section respectively. Cesarean showed higher pelvic floor strength (PFF) compared to normal parturition (p < 0.002), but puerperae from normal delivery showed better functionality (p < 0.001). As for peripheral muscle strength and respiratory muscle strength, there was no significance when comparing the types of parturirion.
Conclusion: There is a reduction in pelvic muscle strength in puerperae of normal delivery and a decrease in functionality in puerperae of cesarean section.