bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abiotic Methane Reservoirs in the Western Tianshan HP–UHP Metamorphic Belt, China
Authors: ZHANG Lijuan , ZHANG Lifei , LI Xiaowei , WANG Xiao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNatural gas, consisting primarily of methane (CH4), has become a major source of clean energy in modern society in many parts of the globe. Recent experimental observations and discoveries of deep‐sourced abiotic CH4 in cold subduction zones indicate the important ability of cold subducted slabs to generate natural gas reservoirs. However, most CH4 flux and reservoirs remain unknown and their potential is overlooked in global carbon flux estimations. Massive abiotic CH4‐rich fluid inclusions (FIs) in garnet and omphacite from ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) eclogites have been found in the Western Tianshan (WT) UHP metamorphic belt, which provides one ideal case for quantification of abiotic CH4 stored in the cold subducted crust. By two methods, we assess the abiotic CH4 content stored in the Chinese WT HP–UHP metamorphic belt. Our calculations show that at least 113 Mt CH4 is stored in the WT eclogites. We also discuss the implications for CH4 reservoirs in subduction zones worldwide and speculate that the cold subduction zones may represent one of the largest, yet overlooked, sources of abiotic CH4 on Earth, which should not be ignored in the global natural resource and carbon flux estimations.
PaCO2 trajectories in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID‐19: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Berg Ronan M. G. , Ronit Andreas , Haase Nicolai , Møller Morten Hylander , Kristiansen Klaus T. , Jonassen Trine , Wamberg Christian , Andreasen Anne Sofie , Mohr Thomas , Bestle Morten H. , Jørgensen Vibeke L. , Hammer Niels R. , Mitchell Anja U. , Smitt Margit , Greve Anders Møller , Nyeland Martin Erik , Jensen Britt Wang , Andreasen Anne Helms , Petersen Janne , Solem Espen Jimenez , Winther‐Jensen Matilde , Plovsing Ronni R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify PaCO2 trajectories and assess their associations with mortality in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) during the first and second waves of the pandemic in Denmark.DesignA population‐based cohort study with retrospective data collection.PatientsAll COVID‐19 patients were treated in eight intensive care units (ICUs) in the Capital Region of Copenhagen, Denmark, between March 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021.MeasurementsData from the electronic health records were extracted, and latent class analyses were computed based on up to the first 3 weeks of mechanical ventilation to depict trajectories of PaCO2 levels. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3, sex and age with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for death according to PaCO2 trajectories.Main resultsIn latent class trajectory models, including 25,318 PaCO2 measurements from 244 patients, three PaCO2 latent class trajectories were identified: a low isocapnic (Class I; n = 130), a high isocapnic (Class II; n = 80), as well as a progressively hypercapnic (Class III; n = 34) trajectory. Mortality was higher in Class II [aHR: 2.16 {1.26–3.68}] and Class III [aHR: 2.97 {1.63–5.40}]) compared to Class I (reference).ConclusionLatent class analysis of arterial blood gases in mechanically ventilated COVID‐19 patients identified distinct PaCO2 trajectories, which were independently associated with mortality.
Earnings manipulation and similarity of annual report disclosure: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Yonghai , Ye Qingyun , Wang Jenny Jing , Wang Yunqian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) section is an important component of a company's annual report, where the management team provides a textual analysis of the company's performance for investors. Due to the existence of agency problems, management is likely to mask any earnings manipulation in order to maximise their salary, build a corporate empire or obtain more financing, which will reduce the reliability of the company's financial information. Utilising 13,679 Chinese A‐share listed companies from 2008 to 2020, this study examines the correlation between management earnings manipulation and annual report MD&A similarity. We find that earnings manipulation leads to increased MD&A similarity in order to reduce the transmission of useful information and thus stymie investors. As such, we recommend that regulatory authorities should monitor the level of similarity and validity of MD&A disclosures in addition to the authenticity of numerical financial information.
Are quality biological indices universally useful? Limits of benthic based indices in a brackish and arid sub‐basin from Argentina
Authors: Alvarez Dalinger Florencia Soledad , Lozano Verónica Laura , Moraña Liliana , Borja Claudia Nidia , Salusso Mónica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe water quality of rivers belonging to an arid sub‐basin in northern Argentina was evaluated in a longitudinal gradient, during the period of maximum dryness in 2017. The composition and structure of the phytobenthos were studied using biotic indices. A total of 126 spp. were determined, with a predominance of diatoms and Cyanobacteria. Most of the diatom species found were meso to polyhalobus and tolerant to organic contamination. Despite the rivers of the basin cross areas with very different land uses, no differences were recorded in phytobenthos abundances between sites. The Pantle & Buck Saprobity index classified the sub‐basin in the α‐mesosaprobability range, and the diatomaceous eutrophication/pollution index assigns poor quality to most of the sites. Salinity should induce phycoflora homogenization that limits the sensibility of biotic indices to anthropogenic impacts.
Three siblings with variable degrees of neuromuscular involvement and congenital sideroblastic anemia: A peculiar phenotype and a surprise genotypic explanation
Authors: Salam Mai Abd El , Salama Khaled , Selim Yasmeen M. M. , Saad Mariam , Rady Rasha , Alawbathani Salem , Schroeder Sabine , Elmonem Mohamed A. , Elkhateeb Nour 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Congenital sideroblastic anemias (CSAs) are a group of inherited bone‐marrow disorders manifesting with erythroid hyperplasia and ineffective erythropoiesis. Methods: We describe a detailed clinical and genetic characterization of three siblings with CSA. Results: Two of them had limb‐girdle myopathy and global developmental delay. The two elder siblings performed allogenic hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation 5 and 3 years prior with stabilization of the hematological features. Exome sequencing in the non‐transplanted sibling revealed a novel homozygous nonsense variant in SLC25A38 gene NM_017875.2:c.559C > T; p.(Arg187*) causing autosomal‐recessive sideroblastic anemia type‐2, and a second homozygous pathogenic previously reported variant in GMPPB gene NM_013334.3:c.458C > T; p.(Thr153Ile) causing autosomal‐recessive muscular dystrophy‐dystroglycanopathy type B14. With the established diagnosis, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is now being scheduled for the youngest sibling, and a trial therapy with acetylcholine esterase inhibitors was started for the two neurologically affected patients with partial clinical improvement. Conclusion: This family emphasizes the importance of whole‐exome sequencing for familial cases with complex phenotypes and vague neurological manifestations.
Application of three‐dimensional printing individualized titanium mesh in alveolar bone defects with different Terheyden classifications: A retrospective case series study
Authors: Nan Xiang , Wang Chao , Li Linzhi , Ma Xiaofei , Chen Tao , Huang Yuanding 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo present the results of guided bone regeneration (GBR) with three‐dimensional printing individualized titanium mesh (3D‐PITM) applied to alveolar bone defects with different Terheyden classifications and the factors affecting the osteogenic outcome.Materials and MethodsFifty‐nine patients, presenting with 61 defect sites, were enrolled between 2018 and 2021. GBR+3D‐PITM was obtained with simultaneous or second stage implant placement. The complication rate, the success rate of the bone grafting procedure and the survival rate of the implant were documented. Bone gain, thickness of pseudo‐periosteum and peri‐implant marginal bone loss (MBL) were measured through digital methods by imaging data (CBCT and X‐ray).ResultsOut of 61 sites, 20 were exposed (exposure rate: 32.8%). The width, height, and volume bone gain at P3 (mesh removal) were 5.22 ± 3.19 mm, 5.01 ± 2.83 mm, and 588.91 ± 361.23 mm3, respectively. From P2 (3D‐PITM+GBR) to P3, changes in bone gain were not statistically different in the different Terheyden classifications, the occurrence of exposure (p < .001 for all dimensions) and the different type of pseudo‐periosteum (p = .030 for width and p = .002 for height) were significantly correlated with the reduction of bone gain. Terheyden classification of the defect sites was significantly associated with the occurrence of exposure (p = .014) and types of the pseudo‐periosteum (p = .015).ConclusionThe 3D‐PITM can be used in alveolar bone defects with different Terheyden classification, but cases with severe vertical bone defects have a greater chance of the 3D‐PITM exposure and the exposure can affect the outcome of bone augmentation.
Anti‐DFS70 antibodies are associated with atopic dermatitis and can cause misdiagnosis of connective tissue disease
Authors: Santler Bettina , Wimmer Louisa , Schlueter Bernhard , Ehrchen Jan 
Published: March 2023

SummaryBackground and ObjectivesAntinuclear antibodies (ANA) detected by HEp2 cell immunofluorescence staining are a characteristic finding in patients with connective tissue disease (CTD). However, even detection of highly elevated ANA is not conclusive for CTD and can result in misdiagnosis. Anti‐DFS70 antibodies are ANA, which may also be highly elevated in people without CTD. Thus, we wanted to evaluate whether they could cause misdiagnosis of CTD. Since anti‐DSF70 antibodies have been associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) in Japan, we wanted to investigate this association and its potential diagnostic relevance in Germany.Patients and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data of 40 patients referred for first consultation on CTD and prospectively analyzed the prevalence of anti‐DFS70 antibodies in 110 AD patients and 89 controls.ResultsWe could not confirm CTD in 75% of our referred patients, 26% of whom had already received systemic treatments. DFS70‐typical fluorescence staining was detected in 35% and definitive anti‐DFS70 antibodies in 12.5% of these patients. DFS70‐typical fluorescence staining was detected in 22% of AD patients and anti‐DFS70 antibodies in 10% (versus 5.6% and 0% in control patients, P < 0.001).ConclusionsAnti‐DFS70 antibodies are significantly associated with AD and could be responsible for misdiagnosis of CTD.
Placebo effects in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Curie Aurore , Oberlander Tim F. , Jensen Karin B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlacebo responses are frequently observed in research studies and clinical contexts, yet there is limited knowledge about the placebo effect among children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we review the placebo effect in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Placebo responses are widely evident in ASD clinical trials and could partly operate via so‐called placebo‐by‐proxy, whereby caregivers or clinicians indirectly shape patient outcomes. Understanding the role of placebo effects in ASD may help discern genuine treatment effects from contextual factors in clinical trials. The much less studied nocebo effect, or negative placebo, might contribute to the experience of side effects in ASD treatments but empirical data is missing. Better knowledge about placebo and nocebo mechanisms may contribute to the development of more effective research designs, such as three‐armed designs that account for natural history, and improved treatments for ASD symptoms. At a clinical level, deeper knowledge about placebo and nocebo effects may optimize the delivery of care for individuals with ASD in the future.What this paper adds

Placebo responses are evident in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) clinical trials.
Placebo responses in ASD are likely dependent on a placebo‐by‐proxy mechanism.
The monetary policy strategy of the Bank of England in 2020–21: An assessment
Authors: Greenwood John 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExcessive money creation during the Covid pandemic has resulted in Britain's worst episode of inflation since 1990–91. The backdrop to this failure of monetary policy is the Bank of England's aggregate demand/aggregate supply framework together with the Monetary Policy Committee's neglect of broad money. An alternative way to operate monetary policy is urgently needed. A significantly improved monetary policy outcome could be achieved by shifting from trying to steer the economy using interest rates and quantitative easing or quantitative tightening to reliance on the relative stability of income velocity (the ratio of nominal GDP to broad money) as a means of managing aggregate demand.
Delayed embryonic development or a long sperm survival in two mares—A registration conundrum
Authors: McCue Patrick M. , Matthews Philip M. , Prell Melissa J. , Bellone Rebecca R. , Allen Heather 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundGenetic testing is required for the registration of foals of most equine breeds.ObjectivesTo describe two clinical cases of marked delayed embryonic development or delayed fertilisation in pregnancies generated by embryo transfer.Study designCase report.MethodsDonor mares were inseminated with semen from one stallion during one oestrous cycle and semen from a different stallion on the subsequent oestrous cycle. Embryo(s) were collected 8 days after ovulation during the second oestrous cycle and transferred into synchronised recipient mares. Genetic testing was performed to determine parentage of the two foals.ResultsFor both foals, DNA parentage testing excluded the second stallion as the genetic sire and confirmed that the first stallion, whose semen was inseminated on the previous oestrous cycle, was the actual genetic sire.Main limitationsRare event in horses; two clinical cases are described.ConclusionsIt is hypothesised that either marked delayed embryonic development or extended sperm survival occurred in the donor mares. Without genetic testing, parentage assignment based solely on breeding records would have been incorrect.
An update on long‐term outcomes of pediatric follicular mucinosis over a 20‐year period: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jin Mauricio F. , Ali Nora S. , Davis Dawn M. R. , Johnson Emma F. , Gibson Lawrence E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundFollicular mucinosis (FM) is a rare disease characterized by mucin accumulation in the follicular unit. FM's etiology is still widely debated since its first description in 1957. Follicular mucinosis is usually reported to be benign in children, although reports of malignant transformation, most commonly mycosis fungoides, exist. The present project aims to demonstrate that children with a diagnosis of follicular mucinosis have positive long‐term outcomes and do not develop mycosis fungoides.Materials and methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study where patients with a diagnosis of follicular mucinosis ages 22 years and below were identified. Data surrounding the patient's diagnosis of FM, differential diagnosis, treatments, and long‐term outcomes were collected. Patients who were lost to follow‐up were contacted by phone for an update on the status of their skin and overall health.ResultsOut of 14 patients with follow‐up information, none developed subsequent mycosis fungoides or other hematologic malignancies.ConclusionPediatric patients with follicular mucinosis will likely present with limited disease and not experience malignant transformation.
Have changing practices in salvage medical options affected colectomy rates in acute severe ulcerative colitis?
Authors: Clark Nicholas , MacIsaac Michael , Little Robert , Vogrin Sara , Harrison Maria , Tiang Thomas , Keck James , Johnston Michael , Cunningham Georgina , Wright Emily , Connell William 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn 2014, infliximab (IFX) was listed on the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme for acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) and is now the preferred option for medical salvage, superseding cyclosporin A (CsA). Optimal dosing schedules for IFX remain unknown.AimThe authors aim to evaluate the effect of changing from predominantly CsA to almost exclusively IFX for the treatment of steroid‐refractory ASUC on colectomy rates.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of patients admitted with ASUC between 2012 and 2020. Patients were categorised into two groups according to year of presentation – either ‘historical treatment’ cohort (2012–2014), when CsA was primarily used, or ‘contemporary treatment’ cohort (2014–2020), when IFX was mostly prescribed, in either standard or intensive doses.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐nine patients were included; 37 in the historical treatment cohort and 102 in the contemporary treatment cohort. In the historical treatment cohort, 12 of 37 received salvage therapy and eight (67%) received CsA. In the contemporary treatment cohort, 49 of 102 patients received salvage therapy, 40 (82%) with IFX, of whom 22 (53%) received intensified doses. Colectomy rates were similar at 30 days, 6 months and 12 months between historical and contemporary treatment cohorts (14% vs 12% [P = 0.77], 19% vs 18% [P > 0.99],and 22% vs 18% [P = 0.63], respectively). Difference in 12‐month colectomy rates between standard versus intensive IFX did not meet statistical significance (three of 21 [14%] vs nine of 22 [41%]. respectively; P = 0.09).ConclusionThere was no difference in 30‐day, 6‐month or 12‐month colectomy rates between the historical treatment and contemporary treatment cohorts. The use of IFX, rather than CsA, even at intensified dosing, does not appear to reduce the colectomy rate observed in our patients.
A prospective study on the wound healing and quality of life outcomes of patients with venous leg ulcers in Singapore—Interim analysis at 6 month follow up
Authors: Chan Kai Siang , Lo Zhiwen Joseph , Wang Zifei , Bishnoi Priya , Ng Yi Zhen , Chew Stacy , Chong Tze Tec , Carmody David , Ang Shin Yuh , Yong Enming , Chan Yam Meng , Ho Jackie , Graves Nicholas , Harding Keith 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVenous leg ulceration results in significant morbidity. However, the majority of studies conducted are on Western populations. This study aims to evaluate the wound healing and quality of life for patients with venous leg ulcers (VLUs) in a Southeast Asian population. This is a multi‐centre prospective cohort study from Nov 2019 to Nov 2021. All patients were started on 2‐ or 4‐layer compression bandage and were reviewed weekly or fortnightly. Our outcomes were wound healing, factors predictive of wound healing and the EuroQol 5‐dimensional 5‐level (EQ‐5D‐5L) health states. Within our cohort, there were 255 patients with VLU. Mean age was 65.2 ± 11.6 years. Incidence of diabetes mellitus was 42.0%. Median duration of ulcer at baseline was 0.30 years (interquartile range 0.136–0.834). Overall, the median time to wound healing was 4.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.77–5.43). The incidence of complete wound healing at 3‐ and 6‐month was 47.0% and 60.9%, respectively. The duration of the wound at baseline was independently associated with worse wound healing (Hazard ratio 0.94, 95% CI: 0.89–0.99, P = .014). Patients with healed VLU had a significantly higher incidence of perfect EQ‐5D‐5L health states at 6 months (57.8% vs 13.8%, P < .001). We intend to present longer term results in subsequent publications.
Reliable assessment of pain behaviour in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: The development of an instruction protocol
Authors: Enninga Annemieke , Waninge Aly , Post Wendy J. , van der Putten Annette A. J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPersons with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) are vulnerable when it comes to experiencing pain. Reliable assessment of pain‐related behaviour in these persons is difficult. Aim To determine how pain items can be reliably scored in adults with PIMD.MethodsWe developed an instruction protocol for the assessment of pain‐related behaviour in four phases. We used videos of 57 adults with PIMD during potentially painful situations. The items were assessed for inter‐rater reliability (Cohen's kappa or percentage of agreement).ResultsThe developed instruction protocol appeared to be adequate. Twelve items had satisfactory inter‐rater reliability (n = 9: .30–1.00; n = 3: 85%–100%).DiscussionCalibrating and adjustments to the instructions and item set appeared to be crucial to reliably score 12 items in adults with PIMD. Further research should focus on creating an assessment instrument based on these reliably scored items.
Rates and predictors of 30‐day hospital readmissions in adults for drug‐induced acute pancreatitis: A retrospective study from the United States National Readmission Database
Authors: Ebhohon Ebehiwele , Khoshbin Katayoun , Shaka Hafeez 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimDrug‐induced acute pancreatitis (DIAP) linked to several medications is a diagnosis of exclusion and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, contributing to the US healthcare cost burden. Existing studies on DIAP focus on the drug classes that can cause acute pancreatitis. Hence, our retrospective study aims to determine the rates and predictors for 30‐day readmissions (30‐DR) in patients with index hospitalization for DIAP.MethodsFrom the Nationwide Readmissions Database, we followed adults admitted for DIAP who were discharged alive for 30 days. During 30‐DR, we evaluated the rates, predictors, and outcomes of DIAP.ResultsOf the 4457 DIAP patients surviving at discharge, 12.5% were readmitted at 30 days. During readmissions, the predictors of 30‐DR for DIAP were young age, the Charlson–Deyo Comorbidity Index of 2 and 3, protein‐energy malnutrition, and dyslipidemia. During 30‐DR, DIAP had a higher mortality rate (2.4% vs. 0.7%; P < 0.020), extended hospital stays (5.6 days vs. 4 days, 0.000), and higher hospital charges ($12 983.6 vs. $8 255.6; P 0.000).ConclusionsDIAP has high 30‐DR rates and poorer outcomes.
The Ethics and Politics of Religious Ethics, 1973–2023
Authors: Miller Richard B. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThis essay addresses the questions, “what good is religious ethics for?” and “what justification exists for the field?” in three steps. First, it canvases how religious ethicists have offered reasons for carrying out work in the field to identify anAnti‐Reductive Paradigmthat is guided by anEgalitarian Imperative. That imperative functions as a thin, minimal morality of inclusivity and equal respect that guides work in the field. Second, the essay considers the field's ends. Here the focus shifts from values that shape the field'smethodsto values that can describe the field'spurposes. That shift requires us to think in terms of a thick rather than a thin morality, one with substantive rather than procedural virtues in mind. The essay offers a constructive, substantive proposal under the rubric ofCritical Humanism. Critical Humanism justifies the study of religious ethics as an enterprise that can expand the moral imagination through its encounter with difference. It is shaped by four values: post‐critical reasoning, social criticism, cross‐cultural fluency, and environmental responsibility. Third, the essay brings the two parts of the argument together by explaining how to connect such purposes to the thin morality of inclusivity and equal respect. One upshot of the essay is to have us think not only about values, but also about power as it pertains to scholarship in the guild; hence the attention to the ethics and politics of religious ethics.