bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomic Profiling of Extracellular Matrix Components from Patient Metastases Identifies Consistently Elevated Proteins for Developing Nanobodies That Target Primary Tumors and Metastases
Authors: Jailkhani Noor , Clauser Karl R. , Mak Howard H. , Rickelt Steffen , Tian Chenxi , Whittaker Charles A. , Tanabe Kenneth K. , Purdy Stephen R. , Carr Steven A. , Hynes Richard O. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetastases are hard to detect and treat, and they cause most cancer-related deaths. The relative lack of therapies targeting metastases represents a major unmet clinical need. The extracellular matrix (ECM) forms a major component of the tumor microenvironment in both primary and metastatic tumors, and certain ECM proteins can be selectively and abundantly expressed in tumors. Nanobodies against ECM proteins that show selective abundance in metastases have the potential to be used as vehicles for delivery of imaging and therapeutic cargoes. Here, we describe a strategy to develop phage-display libraries of nanobodies against ECM proteins expressed in human metastases, using entire ECM-enriched preparations from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and colorectal cancer metastases to different organs as immunogens. In parallel, LC-MS/MS-based proteomics were used to define a metastasis-associated ECM signature shared by metastases from TNBC and colorectal cancer, and this conserved set of ECM proteins was selectively elevated in other tumors. As proof of concept, selective and high-affinity nanobodies were isolated against an example protein from this signature, tenascin-C (TNC), known to be abundant in many tumor types and to play a role in metastasis. TNC was abundantly expressed in patient metastases and widely expressed across diverse metastatic sites originating from several primary tumor types. Immuno-PET/CT showed that anti-TNC nanobodies bind TNBC tumors and metastases with excellent specificity. We propose that such generic nanobodies against tumors and metastases are promising cancer-agnostic tools for delivery of therapeutics to tumor and metastatic ECM.Significance:Nanobodies specific for extracellular matrix markers commonly expressed in primary tumors and metastases are promising agents for noninvasive detection of tumors and metastases and potential tools for targeted therapy.
Mourning Women
Authors: Drumsta Emily 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article examines two modern women poets’ ambivalent engagements with Arabic elegy: the Iraqi Nazik al-Malaʾikah and the Egyptian Iman Mersal. Although they wrote in different national contexts and historical eras, with utterly distinct political and aesthetic projects, a close look at their verse reveals a specter of the bereft-yet-eloquent “ancient Arab woman” haunting their respective poetic voices. Looking in particular at a conventionally metered and rhymed ode like al-Malaʾikah’s “To My Late Aunt” (Ila ʿAmmati al-Rahilah) and at the quasi-elegiac threads woven through the prose poems in Mersal’s 1992 collection, A Dark Corridor Suitable for Learning How to Dance (Mamarr Muʾtam Yuslah Li-Taʿallum al-Raqs) allows us to see how durable and omnipresent the woman-elegy association is in Arabic – surfacing everywhere from the heyday of Iraqi modernism, with its revaluation of conventional metrical forms, all the way through the unmetered, unrhymed experimentations of the “nineties generation” in Egypt.
“Maybe nothing is an elegy”
Authors: Bardazzi Adele 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article investigates two central aspects of contemporary elegy: (1) the plausible and tempting assumption of it being disentangled from formal constraints, something that might have generated a major historical shift from poetry as a poetic form to an elegiac mode of discourse (Bardazzi, Giusti, and Tandello 2022); (2) the formal glitch it creates and, at times, reconciles via the lyric and its generative tension between personal and collective, narrative and non-narrative dimensions, linear and non-linear temporalities. This study does so by focusing on two authors who have weaved together a poetics of mourning the paternal figure: OBIT (2020) by the Asian American poet Victoria Chang and Geologia di una padre [Geology of a father] (2013) by the Italian poet Valerio Magrelli.
MRI-based radiomics model for preoperative prediction of extramural venous invasion of rectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lin Xue , Jiang Hao , Zhao Sheng , Hu Hongbo , Jiang Huijie , Li Jinping , Jia Fucang 
Published: April 2023

Background Extramural venous invasion (EMVI) is an important prognostic factor of rectal adenocarcinoma. However, accurate preoperative assessment of EMVI remains difficult. Purpose To assess EMVI preoperatively through radiomics technology, and use different algorithms combined with clinical factors to establish a variety of models in order to make the most accurate judgments before surgery. Material and Methods A total of 212 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma between September 2012 and July 2019 were included and distributed to training and validation datasets. Radiomics features were extracted from pretreatment T2-weighted images. Different prediction models (clinical model, logistic regression [LR], random forest [RF], support vector machine [SVM], clinical-LR model, clinical-RF model, and clinical-SVM model) were constructed on the basis of radiomics features and clinical factors, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) and accuracy were used to assess the predictive efficacy of different models. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were also calculated. Results The clinical-LR model exhibited the best diagnostic efficiency with an AUC of 0.962 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.936–0.988) and 0.865 (95% CI = 0.770–0.959), accuracy of 0.899 and 0.828, sensitivity of 0.867 and 0.818, specificity of 0.913 and 0.833, PPV of 0.813 and 0.720, and NPV of 0.940 and 0.897 for the training and validation datasets, respectively. Conclusion The radiomics-based prediction model is a valuable tool in EMVI detection and can assist decision-making in clinical practice.
Efficacy and safety of eptinezumab for migraine prevention in patients with prior preventive treatment failures: subgroup analysis of the randomized, placebo-controlled DELIVER study
Authors: Ashina Messoud , Lanteri-Minet Michel , Ettrup Anders , Christoffersen Cecilie Laurberg , Josiassen Mette Krog , Phul Ravinder , Sperling Bjørn , Pozo-Rosich Patricia 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundMigraine is a disabling neurological disease adversely affecting many aspects of life. Most patients are still required to have failed several older oral preventive therapies before being reimbursed for a preventive, migraine-specific anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide treatment. In the 24-week placebo-controlled portion of DELIVER, eptinezumab was shown to reduce migraine frequency and resulted in higher migraine responder rates compared with placebo in patients with two to four previous preventive treatment failures. This subgroup analysis assessed if demographic or clinical characteristics were associated with differences in preventive benefits.MethodsMigraine frequency reductions and responder rates (i.e., the proportion of patients reaching a ≥50% and ≥75% reduction in monthly migraine days relative to baseline) were determined in the total population and predefined subgroups by sex, age, migraine frequency (chronic migraine, episodic migraine, high-frequency episodic migraine, low-frequency episodic migraine), medication overuse, medication-overuse headache, and previous preventive treatment failures (2, >2). The primary endpoint was change from baseline in monthly migraine days over weeks 1–12.ResultsEptinezumab 100 and 300 mg reduced monthly migraine days more than placebo over weeks 1–12 (−4.8 and −5.3 vs –2.1, respectively; p < 0.0001). In most subgroups, eptinezumab-treated patients demonstrated larger monthly migraine days reductions from baseline over weeks 1–12 than patients receiving placebo, with reductions maintained or increased over weeks 13–24. For ≥50% and ≥75% migraine responder rates, the odds ratios versus placebo all numerically favored eptinezumab.ConclusionEptinezumab had larger monthly migraine days reductions and higher responder rates than placebo across clinically relevant subgroups showing that, across different demographic populations and clinical characteristics, eptinezumab is effective in patients with migraine and prior preventive treatment failures. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04418765)
Antiracist Curriculum Implementation for Pediatric Residents
Authors: Szoko Nicholas , Ragunanthan Braveen , Radovic Ana , Garrison Jessica L. , Torres Orquidia 
Published: April 2023

Objectives Racism has been recognized as a public health crisis, with calls for greater focus on antiracism in medical training. We sought to evaluate a longitudinal antiracist curriculum among pediatric residents. Methods In 2020−2021, we delivered seven educational sessions to pediatric trainees in a single residency program. We administered pre-/post-surveys to assess changes in awareness of structural racism, knowledge of health inequities, antiracist clinical skills, and individual/institutional advocacy behaviors. Awareness was measured with 27 Likert-type items spanning five conceptual domains (schools, healthcare, justice system, employment, and housing/transportation). We evaluated knowledge with 18 true/false or multiple-choice questions. Participants indicated comfort with clinical skills using 13 Likert-type items drawn from national toolkits and policy statements. Individual/institutional advocacy behaviors were measured with 14 items from the Antiracism Behavioral Inventory. McNemar or paired Wilcoxon signed-rank tests compared measures before and after implementation. Results Out of 121 residents, 79 (65%) completed pre-surveys, 47 (39%) completed post-surveys, and 37 (31%) were eligible for matching across responses. 78% of respondents were female and 68% identified as White. We found significant increases in awareness across several conceptual domains (schools: p = 0.03; healthcare: p = 0.004; employment: p = 0.003; housing/transportation: p = 0.02). Mean knowledge score increased after implementation ( p = 0.03). Self-reported clinical skills improved significantly ( p < 0.001). Individual advocacy behaviors increased ( p < 0.001); there were no changes in institutional advocacy. Conclusion We demonstrate improvements in several educational constructs with a novel antiracist curriculum. Efforts to scale and sustain this work are ongoing, and additional teaching and evaluation methodologies may be incorporated in the future.
Radiographic Contrast Media: An Introduction to Its Use, Adverse-Effect Profile, and Economic Impact
Authors: Gersema Lisa M. 
Published: April 2023

Objective To provide an overview of the development, chemistry, adverse-effect profile, and economic impact of radiographic contrast media (CM). Data Sources Information was collected by conducting a MEDLINE search for clinical trials, reviews, and other articles pertaining to the use of CM. References cited in published review articles and manufacturer's product information also were used. Study Selection Studies, review articles, and editorials were selected for review if they addressed the synthesis, clinical use, or economic impact of CM. Comparative studies conducted in humans were used to address the adverse-effect profile of CM. Data Extraction Data were extracted from reviews and editorials when the information from multiple sources was consistent and pertained to the purpose of this review. Comparative reviews addressing adverse reactions were reviewed by the author for appropriate methodology and reporting of results. Data Synthesis Radiographic CM are iodine-containing compounds that can be injected intravascularly or intrathecally for multiple diagnostic tests. CM are differentiated according to water solubility, viscosity, radiopacity, and osmolality. In the past decade, low-osmolality CM (LOCM) have been developed that may impart fewer adverse effects, such as flushing, nausea, vomiting, allergic reactions, cardiovascular effects, and nephrotoxicity. The use of LOCM has steadily increased since their introduction in 1985. The cost of LOCM is approximately 10- to 20-fold higher than previously available CM. This represents a growing financial burden to the healthcare system. Conclusions CM are an integral tool in diagnostic medicine. LOCM appear to be safer than previous agents; however, they are also more expensive. Balancing safety and financial concerns will be a recurring issue facing both the medical society and third-party payers when selecting appropriate CM to administer to patients.
Evaluation and Financial Impact of Imipenem/Cilastatin Dosing in Elderly Patients Based on Renal Function and Body Weight
Authors: Ritchie David J. , Reichley Richard M. , Canaday Kathryn Lindhorst , Bailey Thomas C. 
Published: April 2023

Objective To evaluate the financial impact of adjusting imipenem/cilastatin (IC) dosages in elderly patients based on estimated creatinine clearance (Clcr) and body weight. Design Retrospective cost-savings analysis. Setting A 500-bed, university-affiliated, tertiary-care hospital. Main Outcome Measures All courses of IC administered to patients over age 60 during a four-month period were retrospectively assessed for appropriateness based on both dosing interval and dosage. Manufacturer's guidelines for adjusting the IC dosage based on estimated Clcr and body weight were used to define appropriate dosing. The cost savings that could have been realized by appropriately adjusting IC dosage was calculated for the study period and extrapolated to project an annual cost savings. Results Only 37 percent of patient days of therapy and 32 percent of therapy courses were judged as appropriate based on both dose amount and interval. The projected annual cost savings that could have been realized by appropriately adjusting IC dosage based on estimated Clcr and body weight was $11,550. Conclusions Adjustment of IC dosages in elderly patients based on estimated Clcr and body weight can result in significant cost savings.
ecpc: an R-package for generic co-data models for high-dimensional prediction
Authors: van Nee Mirrelijn M. , Wessels Lodewyk F. A. , van de Wiel Mark A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundHigh-dimensional prediction considers data with more variables than samples. Generic research goals are to find the best predictor or to select variables. Results may be improved by exploiting prior information in the form of co-data, providing complementary data not on the samples, but on the variables. We consider adaptive ridge penalised generalised linear and Cox models, in which the variable-specific ridge penalties are adapted to the co-data to give a priori more weight to more important variables. TheR-packageecpcoriginally accommodated various and possibly multiple co-data sources, including categorical co-data, i.e. groups of variables, and continuous co-data. Continuous co-data, however, were handled by adaptive discretisation, potentially inefficiently modelling and losing information. As continuous co-data such as externalpvalues or correlations often arise in practice, more generic co-data models are needed.ResultsHere, we present an extension to the method and software for generic co-data models, particularly for continuous co-data. At the basis lies a classical linear regression model, regressing prior variance weights on the co-data. Co-data variables are then estimated with empirical Bayes moment estimation. After placing the estimation procedure in the classical regression framework, extension to generalised additive and shape constrained co-data models is straightforward. Besides, we show how ridge penalties may be transformed to elastic net penalties. In simulation studies we first compare various co-data models for continuous co-data from the extension to the original method. Secondly, we compare variable selection performance to other variable selection methods. The extension is faster than the original method and shows improved prediction and variable selection performance for non-linear co-data relations. Moreover, we demonstrate use of the package in several genomics examples throughout the paper.ConclusionsTheR-packageecpcaccommodates linear, generalised additive and shape constrained additive co-data models for the purpose of improved high-dimensional prediction and variable selection. The extended version of the package as presented here (version number 3.1.1 and higher) is available on (https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/ecpc/).
Social contact patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic in 21 European countries – evidence from a two-year study
Authors: Wong Kerry L. M. , Gimma Amy , Coletti Pietro ,   CoMix Europe Working Group, Paolotti Daniela , Tizzani Michele , Cattuto Ciro , Schmidt Andrea , Gredinger Gerald , Stumpfl Sophie , Baruch Joaquin , Melillo Tanya , Hudeckova Henrieta , Zibolenova Jana , Chladna Zuzana , Rosinska Magdalena , Niedzwiedzka-Stadnik Marta , Fischer Krista , Vorobjov Sigrid , Sõnajalg Hanna , Althaus Christian , Low Nicola , Reichmuth Martina , Auranen Kari , Nurhonen Markku , Petrović Goranka , Makaric Zvjezdana Lovric , Namorado Sónia , Caetano Constantino , Santos Ana João , Röst Gergely , Oroszi Beatrix , Karsai Márton , Fafangel Mario , Klepac Petra , Kranjec Natalija , Vilaplana Cristina , Casabona Jordi , Faes Christel , Beutels Philippe , Hens Niel , Jaeger Veronika K. , Karch Andre , Johnson Helen , Edmunds WJohn , Jarvis Christopher I. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Most countries have enacted some restrictions to reduce social contacts to slow down disease transmission during the COVID-19 pandemic. For nearly two years, individuals likely also adopted new behaviours to avoid pathogen exposure based on personal circumstances. We aimed to understand the way in which different factors affect social contacts – a critical step to improving future pandemic responses.

Methods
The analysis was based on repeated cross-sectional contact survey data collected in a standardized international study from 21 European countries between March 2020 and March 2022. We calculated the mean daily contacts reported using a clustered bootstrap by country and by settings (at home, at work, or in other settings). Where data were available, contact rates during the study period were compared with rates recorded prior to the pandemic. We fitted censored individual-level generalized additive mixed models to examine the effects of various factors on the number of social contacts.

Results
The survey recorded 463,336 observations from 96,456 participants. In all countries where comparison data were available, contact rates over the previous two years were substantially lower than those seen prior to the pandemic (approximately from over 10 to < 5), predominantly due to fewer contacts outside the home. Government restrictions imposed immediate effect on contacts, and these effects lingered after the restrictions were lifted. Across countries, the relationships between national policy, individual perceptions, or personal circumstances determining contacts varied.

Conclusions
Our study, coordinated at the regional level, provides important insights into the understanding of the factors associated with social contacts to support future infectious disease outbreak responses.
Trend and determinants of mortality in incident hemodialysis patients of the Lazio region
Authors: Bossola Maurizio , Di Napoli Anteo , Angelici Laura , Bargagli Anna Maria , Cascini Silvia , Kirchmayer Ursula , Agabiti Nera , Davoli Marina , Marino Claudia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
. In the last decades some studies observed a moderate progressive decrease in short-term mortality in incident hemodialysis patients. The aim of the study is to analyse the mortality trends in patients starting hemodialysis using the Lazio Regional Dialysis and Transplant Registry.

Methods
. Patients who started chronic hemodialysis between 2008 and 2016 were included. Annual 1-year and 3-year Crude Mortality Rate*100 Person Years (CMR*100PY) overall, by gender and age classes were calculated. Cumulative survival estimates at 1 year and 3 years since the date of starting hemodialysis were presented as Kaplan-Meier curves for the three periods and compared using the log-rank test. The association between periods of incidence in hemodialysis and 1-year and 3-year mortality were investigated by means of unadjusted and adjusted Cox regression models. Potential determinants of both mortality outcomes were also investigated.

Results
. Among 6,997 hemodialysis patients (64.5% males, 66.1% over 65 years old) 923 died within 1 year and 2,253 within 3 years form incidence; CMR*100PY were 14.1 (95%CI: 13.2–15.0) and 13.7 (95%CI: 13.2–14.3), respectively; both remained unchanged over the years. Even after stratification by gender and age classes no significant changes emerged. Kaplan-Meier mortality curves did not show any statistically significant differences in survival at 1 year and 3 years from hemodialysis incidence across periods. No statistically significant associations were found between periods and 1-year and 3-year mortality. Factors associated with a greater increase in mortality are: being over 65 years, born in Italy, not being self-sufficient, having systemic versus undetermined nephropathy, having heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, cancer, liver disease, dementia and psychiatric illness, and receiving dialysis by catheter rather than fistula.

Conclusions
. The study shows that the mortality rate in patients with end-stage renal disease starting hemodialysis in the Lazio region was stable over 9 years.