bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Reference Infliximab (Remicade) Compared to its Biosimilar (Remsima) in Iraqi Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (Conference Paper )#
Authors: Fadhil Hasan Raid , Al-Jumaili Ali Azeez , Al-Ani Nizar Abdulateef 
Published: February 2023

The study objective was to conduct Pharmacoeconomics study (cost-effective analysis) between infliximab reference (Remicade) and its biosimilar (Remsima) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Iraqi hospitals.
This is a retrospective multicenter pharmacoeconomic analysis conducted at two large teaching governmental hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq which provided infliximab to patients with RA. Data were collected from patient’s medical records and face-to-face interviews with the patients from December 2021 to April 2022.
The study included 57 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The patients were categorized into two groups according to the type of infliximab they received over 30 weeks: 27 patients received reference infliximab (Remicade) and 30 patients received biosimilar infliximab (Remsima). The two groups had comparable demographic and baseline disease parameters, with a mean age of 49.6 years and a BMI of 30.0. The vast majority of participants were women (82.5%) with low level of formal education (65%). Overall, both infliximab biopharmaceuticals had good effectiveness to reduce the RA disease activity (CDAI) and improve patient quality of life. They both had comparable adverse reactions including UTI, fatigue, and headache. There was no significant difference (P-value >0.05) in disease activity between the two groups according to RA clinical disease activity index (CDAI) score across all three-time measures: before biological therapy, 14 weeks post-therapy and 30 weeks post-therapy.
In 2019, Remicade was slightly more effective and provide better quality of life, but costlier ($41,896 per QALY) compared to Remsima. It was not clear whether the reference biologic (Remicade) or its biosimilar (Remsima) was more cost effective. In 2021, Remicade was more cost effective compared to Remsima because Remicade was less expensive and relatively more effective according to CDAI and EQ-5D-5L scores. Registering and purchasing both reference infliximab and its biosimilar was good idea to keep the competition in the price and maintain infliximab for RA patients.
Formulation Variables Effect on Gelation Temperature of Nefopam Hydrochloride intranasal in Situ Gel (Conference Paper) #
Authors: Alabdly Ammar , J. Kassab Hanan 
Published: February 2023

Nefopam (N.F.) HCl is a non-narcotic centrally-acting, non-opioid benzoxazocine analgesic to relieve acute and chronic pain. It exhibits low bioavailability (about 36%) due to its first-pass degradation in the liver.
Intranasal administration has been used as a new route for targeting active brain sites and enhancing the bioavailability of N.F. HCl bypassing hepatic metabolism.
In situ gel of N.F. HCl was prepared by the cold method using different concentrations of Poloxamer 407, Poloxamer 188, HPMC K4M, Carbapol 934, and Hyaluronic acid polymers.
The results show that identification tests are superimposed with references, solubility study shows that N.F. HCl is suitable to be administered intranasally; Compatibility studies reveal incompatibility of Nefopam HCl with HPMC K4M and Carbapol 934; meanwhile, no interaction with Methylcellulose and Hyaluronic acid.
In conclusion, the obtained results revealed the incredible ability of the produced N.F. HCl intranasal in situ gel is intended to enhance drug bioavailability bypassing the metabolizing effect of the liver that N.F. HCl is facing when given orally.
Evaluation of Antileishmanial Activity of Osteospermum ecklonis Extract of Aerial Parts against Leishmania donovani: in vitro(Conference Paper) #
Authors: Jewely Hind Mohammed , Thukaa Zuhair  
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Lack of safe available non-resistant treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) keeps limiting the complete cure of this disease ,drugs that have toxic side effects or lack of effectiveness have led to disease relapse ,all these factors have lightened the way to the search for imperative drugs from natural resources that have been shown to have antileishmanial activity through literature survey
. In the present study, the comparative in vitro anti-leishmania activity of various fractions of Osteospermum ecklonis aerial parts fractions have been evaluated. Extracts were prepared through maceration and Soxhlet apparatus using 85% methanol and fractionation was done by separating the active constituents according to the differences in their polarities using petroleum ether and n-butanol respectively. The resultant fractions( petroleum ether as well as n-butanol fractions )were chosen for effective inhibition of Leishmania donovani, The results prove with no doubt that the petroleum ether fraction of the maceration aerial parts in a concentration of 2.5 mg/ml had better antileishmanial activity than other concentrations of tested samples and the result coincided with the anti-leishmaniasis activity of official treatment (pentostam®) ,This finding can be attributed to the terpene nature of the materials used to be existed in such fraction. This observation have paved the road to step in for extended studies in relation to the conventional herbal medicines for better and safe alternatives to available synthetic chemical drugs.
YouTube dan Panggung Komunikasi Politik: Media Klarifikasi Pemberitaan Negatif Media Massa Arus Utama
Authors: Apriliana Tri Alida 
Published: February 2023

The presence of the internet and new media have provided opportunities for the public to participate in political conversations or debates through new media, which is user generated content. New media of the user generated content type is the media with content created by the users of the new media themselves. Youtube is a new type of media, although the interactions offered are not as busy as other social media, but the use of Youtube is quite effective to boost the popularity of political communicators. Through Youtube, important information can be disseminated in more personal or dialogical ways in responding to various public curiosity. During the last few years in Indonesia, Youtube has also been widely used by political communicators to upload videos containing political statements or attitudes on actual issue. It is often that Youtube is also used as a medium for political communicators to clarify when they feel that they have been described negatively by the mainstream mass media
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 dalam Perspektif Human Security
Authors: Syauket Amalia , Thamrin Djuni 
Published: February 2023

This article aims to find out various forms of community empowerment during the Covid-19 Pandemic in the perspective of human security. This article uses qualitative research methods with a phenomenological approach that is very appropriate to use to see one of the government's functions in the form of Community Empowerment. By prioritizing library data sources, the discussion is presented in a descriptive-narrative manner. The conclusion that can be drawn from this research is that the function of government in the form of community empowerment, especially the provision of services in the health sector, has been going well by prioritizing the wider community with various program activities that directly touch the people affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This is in line with the human security perspective that the State is here to protect the weak and helpless in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Bentuk Media Komunikasi Perempuan Lurah dalam Mensosialisasikan Penertiban Bangunan Liar untuk Menciptakan Keamanan Lingkungan Kota Bekasi
Authors: Harahap Hamida Syari 
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study was to analyze the form of village headwoman communication media in socializing the control of illegal buildings (bangli) in the city of Bekasi. Forms of communication media used by women headmen are direct communication and indirect communication. Forms of direct communication media such as socialization, meetings, recitation, cadres, sharing, telling stories, chatting together, community forums, gathering in the field, dawn around and indirect forms of communication media are utilizing media including SMS, letters, leaflets, telephones, invitations and WhatsApp . The study was conducted in Bekasi City during August-October 2018. The study used a qualitative approach. The data analysis technique used NVivo 12. The results showed that the form of communication of Women headmen was situational. WhatsApp is the communication medium most frequently used by Women headmen to communicate with their citizens. This is due to the activities of the women headmen so dense that the information conveyed arrived in seconds and was cheap. WhatsApp supports the women headman in controlling the residents' living environment and is not limited by space and time. WhatsApp is a media that is considered to be very fast in helping village women to convey information and solve problems faced by residents so that it can be handled directly even though the female village head is not in the location. As many illegal buildings that stand on public facilities interfere with environmental security. To carry out environmental control, the female head of the village does not have to visit all regions, but can share information and tasks with RT, RW, community leaders and community organizations using WhatsApp.
Peran Stabilitas Ketahanan Pangan sebagai Salah Satu Bentuk Tolak Ukur Keamanan di Masyarakat Pada Masa Pandemi Covid -19
Authors: Atmoko Dwi 
Published: February 2023

Ketahanan Pangan atau food security merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Ketahanan pangan yang baik akan membawa kepada kehidupan tatanan masyarakat yang baik pula. Pada masa pandemi COVID- 19 negara Indonesia mengalami keterpurukan diberbagai bidang, yang mengakibatkan pertumbuhan perekonomian Indonesia mengalami penurunan yang cukup signifikan. Stabilitas ketahanan pangan dengan adanya penularan wabah virus COVID-19 mengalami hambatan dan gangguan , yang dimulai dari terhambatnya produksi pangan, distribusi dan trasnportasi produksi , termasuk alat-alat penunjang produksi yang mengakibatkan kesediaan akan pangan mengalami kendala yang serius. Pemerintah Indonesia dalam menangani wabah pandemi ini telah mengeluarkan regulasi atau kebijakan guna menekan penyebaran virus COVID-19 ini dengan mengeluarkan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, akan tetapi dampak atau efek yang ditimbulkannya adalah banyaknya bidang Industri yang akhirnya menutup usahanya, baik itu dari sektor perhotelan, restoran atau pariwisata ,serta mall atau ritel yang pada akhirnya berdampak pada pengurangan tenaga kerja dan perginya pelaku industri. Tolak ukur ketahanan pangan sangat tergantung pada lingkungan sekitarnya baik itu faktor domestik nasional maupun internasional. Apabila kedua lingkungan tersebut memberikan efek yang baik tentunya ketahanan pangan akan tercapai dengan baik. Begitu pula sebaliknya apabila lingkumgan tersebut tidak baik, maka yang akan timbul adalah masalah pangan dan lain-lain yang melingkupinya, termasuk juga akan kecukupan pangan. Ketahanan pangan yang buruk , terutama pada ketahanan pangan keluarga miskin adalah munculnya tindakan negative seperti kriminilatas dan sejenisnya . Pemerintah dalam menghadapi permasalahan ini telah mengeluarkan kebijakan yang cepat dengan melakukan program pemulihan dan tranformasi ekonomi denga dikeluarkannya Peraturan Presiiden Nomor 82 Tahun 2020 Tentang Komite Penaganan Corona Virus (COVID -19) dan Pemulihan Ekonomi Nasional yang tujuannya diharapkan memulihkan kondisi perekonomian yang ada guna mencapai pertumbuhan ekonomi yang stabil dan merata di semua lini kehidupan masyarakat.
Proses Collaborative Governance Dalam Penanggulangan Bencana Alam Di Desa Karangbawang Kecamatan Rembang Kabupaten Purbalingga
Authors: Rusmawan Teddy , Hamid Supardi , Santoso Joko 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini membahas collaborative governance dalam upaya mitigasi dan penanggulangan bencana alam yang terjadi di Kabupaten Purbalingga. Penanggulangan bencana ini menjadi salah satu langkah strtagis yang dilakukan secara bertahap oleh pemerintah baik di level pemerintah daerah sampai pemerintah pusat seiring dengan perubahan iklim dan cuaca yang sangat cepat memungkinkan terjadinya bencana alam yang menimpa masyarakat. Kabupaten Purbalingga merupakan salah satu daerah yang memiliki kecenderungan tinggi terhadap bahaya bencana yang terjadi dimasyarakat yang menimbuklan potensi resiko dampak yang tinggi terhadap perlindungan kehidupan masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagimana proses collaborative yang dilakukan antara pemerintah daerah, kelompok masyarakat, dan pihak swasta dalam bekerjasama dan bersinergi untuk melakukan mitigasi dan menanggulangi terhadap daerah yang rawan bencan alam. Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana masing-masing pihak berperan dan saling bertanggungjawab satu sama lain yang tertuang dalam satu komitmen bersama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, teknik analisis data menggunakan triangulasi data dan sumber, sedangkan informan dipilih berdasarkan kemampuan sesuai dengan kaidah purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini terbagi atas beberapa aspek yang meliputi kondisi awal dalam proses collaborative governance dengan melihat situasi dan kondisi daerah yang terindikasi rawan bencana alam di Kabupaten Purbalingga. Forum komunikasi yang terjaring dalam masyarakat mulai dari level pemerintah desa, kelurahan, sampai tingkat kabupaten. Forum yang digunakan koordinasi melalui kelompok tanggap bencana yang selama ini tersebar di masing-masing desa dan kelurahan salah satunya di Desa Karangbawang Kecamatan Rembang Kabupaten Purbalingga. Hasil dari proses collaborative governance ini mampu berjalan sesuai yang direncanakan, sehingga secara bertahap pemerintah, masyarakat maupun pihak lainnya mampu menggerakan kelompok tanggap bencana dan meningkatkan kesadaran dan kepedulian bahaya bencana alam dan menjadi edukasi masyarakat pentingnya penerapan mitigasi, antisipasi, kesiapsiagaan sebagai wujud upaya perlindungan dan penanggulangan bencana alam. kolaborasi pemerintah; penanggulangan bencana
Transformation of Urban–Rural Relationships in the Context of Global Challenges
Authors: Motta Paolo , Jaime Cintia , Escobar Federico Salmeron 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article updates and further develops the reflections of “Urbanization and Sustainability after the COVID-19 Pandemic” (Motta 2020). It is now even more urgent to focus on the urban–rural relationships that are being modified by the pandemic, climate change, and the impacts of conflicts, causing serious human insecurities and increasing precarious circumstances worldwide. The fast-changing situation and recurrent emergencies confirm the need for a new urban development approach, related to the specificities of the surrounding environment and based on the revival of towns and settlements spread over territories. This should function as a complementary tool to mitigate urbanization flows and urban–rural gaps, identifying new relationships. This requires the review of current urban paradigms, which are no longer able to respond to modified conditions and demands with an innovative vision. This is actualized on the basis of the principles of the social quality theory (SQT) and approach (SQA) and their emphasis on processes in and between the four relevant dimensions of societal life. In the past decade, these principles have been developed tentatively in working papers about sustainability and urban issues from a social quality perspective.
Explorations of Contemporary Age Discrimination
Authors: Zharovska Iryna M. , Kovalchuk Vitaliy B. , Gren Nataliya M. , Bohiv Yaryna S. , Shulhan Iryna I. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Age, due among other causes to demographic transitions, has become a common and widespread content of discrimination. It concerns all age groups in all countries. Numerous analyses of regional and international institutions, including departments of the United Nations, demonstrate various determinants of age discrimination (“ageism”) implicit in contemporary societies. This article explores issues of discrimination, in particular age discrimination. These topics are conceived as complex multidimensional societal problematiques that require comprehensive approaches to understand, prevent, and combat them. In our article, the available literature concerning age discrimination is explored. Albania, Great Britain, Norway, Ukraine, the Czech Republic, and Lithuania are deployed as cases of “rules of law” related to ageism. Some practical legal cases are analyzed to explore the impacts of practices of legal politics on discriminatory situations concerning individuals. Finally, recent studies carried out in the context of the social quality approach are used to broaden our scope.
ГЕОПРОСТОРОВЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ТА РЕЙТИНГОВА ОЦІНКА РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО ТРАНСПОРТНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ
Authors: Іртищева Інна , Стегней Маріана , Крамаренко Ірина , Бойко Євгенія , Надточій Ірина , Сіренко Ігор , Гришина Наталія , Іщенко Олена 
Published: February 2023

В сучасних умовах війни в Україні для забезпечення можливостей соціально-економічного розвитку кожного окремого регіону та країни, в цілому, важливе значення має максимальне використання транспортного потенціалу. Особливо важливого значення набуває можливість вітчизняного транспорту забезпечувати перевезення вантажів та пасажирів по території країни та за її межі. Збір та систематизація інформації стосовно потенційних можливостей транспортної системи регіонів України необхідні для стабілізації системи перевезень в умовах надзвичайних ситуацій. Коли на території одних регіонів ідуть активні бойові дії, необхідно вміло використовувати транспортний потенціал інших регіонів для забезпечення потреб усієї держави.
Метою написання статті є процес геопросторового моделювання та формування методичних підходів до рейтингової оцінки регіонального транспортного потенціалу.
Запропоновані методичні підходи базуються на визначенні транспортного потенціалу регіону через всі можливості даного регіону, які охоплюють різні ресурси (матеріальні, людські, інвестиційні), в тому числі природно-географічні, що використовують для здійснення перевезень, тобто для отримання результатів виробництва транспортної системи.
Рейтингова оцінка транспортного потенціалу регіонів здійснюється на підставі рейтингування регіонів за окремими групами показників: ресурсне забезпечення (матеріальні, людські та інвестиційні ресурси); природньо-географічні характеристики (площа регіону, наближеність до столиці України, наявність або відсутність кордонів з державами сусідами та виходів до моря); результати виробництва (обсяг реалізованої продукції (товарів, послуг) підприємств транспортної системи). Окремі групи показників в рейтинговій оцінці транспортного потенціалу регіонів запропоновано поєднувати із врахуванням їх вагових коефіцієнтів, що визначаються на підставі розподілу рівня важливості між результуючими показниками та ресурсним забезпечення у сфері функціонування транспортної системи регіону. Запропоновані методичні підходи та визначені рейтингові оцінки транспортного потенціалу регіонів України дають можливість структурувати за окремими регіонами ресурси національної транспортної системи в контексті інфраструктурного забезпечення національної виробничої сфери.
PELATIHAN MEDIA KOGNITIF NUMERIK BERBASIS PUZZLE PAPER QUILLING BAGI GURU RA
Authors: Sutriyani Wulan , Wiranti Dwiana Asih , Wulandari Elma 
Published: February 2023

Perkembangan anak usia dini harus diberikan rangsangan motorik yang optimal agar perkembangan kognitif khususnya numerik tercapai secara menyeluruh. Perkembangan motorik anak dapat dilatih menggunakan media yang kreatif. Media pembelajaran menjadi modal utama dalam mengajarkan materi kepada anak. Media pembelajaran yang digunakan guru juga harus menarik dan kreatif agar mampu menumbuhkan minat belajar anak. Keberadaan media pembelajaran numerik yang menarik di RA Muslimat NU Matholibul Ulum 01 masih sangat minim. Guru belum mampu menyediakan media pembelajaran selain majalah. Terbatasnya kemampuan guru dalam membuat APE menjadikan kami berminat untuk memberikan pelatihan pembuatan media kognitif numerik berbasis puzzle paper quilling. Paper quilling yaitu keterampilan menggulung kertas. Kegiatan pelatihan ini diikuti 7 orang guru yang mengajar di RA Muslimat NU Matholibul Ulum 01. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan ini terdiri dari training education, experience, mentoring, monitoring dan evaluasi. Peserta pelatihan ini memberikan respon yang positif pada pelaksanaan kegiatan. Media edukatif berbasis puzzle paper quilling dinilai sangat efektif untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Melalui media puzzle paper quilling membantu anak usia dini untuk melatih motoriknya dari belajar menggulung dan berhitung. Selain itu, kemampuan kognitifnya dari segi mengenal warna, bentuk dan juga angka akan meningkat sehingga kemampuan numeriknya dapat berkembang dan memperoleh hasil belajar yang baik. Kata Kunci: media, kognitif numerik, paper quilling