bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial scale of non-target effects of cotton insecticides
Authors: Bordini Isadora , Naranjo Steven E. , Fournier Alfred , Ellsworth Peter C. 
Published: May 2023

Plot size is of practical importance in any integrated pest management (IPM) study that has a field component. Such studies need to be conducted at a scale relevant to species dynamics because their abundance and distribution in plots might vary according to plot size. An adequate plot size is especially important for researchers, technology providers and regulatory agencies in understanding effects of various insect control technologies on non-target arthropods. Plots that are too small might fail to detect potential harmful effects of these technologies due to arthropod movement and redistribution among plots, or from untreated areas and outside sources. The Arizona cotton system is heavily dependent on technologies for arthropod control, thus we conducted a 2-year replicated field experiment to estimate the optimal plot size for non-target arthropod studies in our system. Experimental treatments consisted of three square plot sizes and three insecticides in a full factorial. We established three plot sizes that measured 144 m2, 324 m2 and 576 m2. For insecticide treatments, we established an untreated check, a positive control insecticide with known negative effects on the arthropod community and a selective insecticide. We investigated how plot size impacts the estimation of treatment effects relative to community structure (27 taxa), community diversity, individual abundance, effect sizes, biological control function of arthropod taxa with a wide range of mobility, including Collops spp., Orius tristicolor, Geocoris spp., Misumenops celer, Drapetis nr. divergens and Chrysoperla carnea s.l.. Square 144 m2 plots supported similar results for all parameters compared with larger plots, and are thus sufficiently large to measure insecticidal effects on non-target arthropods in cotton.
Our results are applicable to cotton systems with related pests, predators or other fauna with similar dispersal characteristics. Moreover, these results also might be generalizable to other crop systems with similar fauna.
Models of service delivery in adult cochlear implantation and evaluation of outcomes: A scoping review of delivery arrangements
Authors: Ebrahimi-Madiseh Azadeh , Nickbakht Mansoureh , Eikelboom Robert H. , Bennett Rebecca J. , Friedland Peter L. , Atlas Marcus D. , Jessup Rebecca L. 
Published: May 2023

Background
This study aimed to describe available evidence of cochlear implantation delivery arrangements in adults and the outcomes by which these service models are measured.

Methods
Scoping review of English language, primary studies conducted on adults (≥18 years) with ten or more subjects, published between January 2000 and June 2022, which assessed the effects of delivery arrangements of cochlear implantation were included. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, AMED, PsycINFO, LILACS, KoreaMed, IndMed, Cochrane CRCT, ISRCTN registry, WHO ICTRP and Web of Science were systematically searched. Included studies had to have a method section explicitly measure at least one of the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care (EPOC) outcome category. Criteria for systematic reviews and delivery arrangement category based on EPOC taxonomy was included in data extraction. Data was narratively synthesized based on EPOC categories.

Results
A total of 8135 abstracts were screened after exclusion of duplicates, of these 357 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Around 40% of the studies investigated how care is delivered, focusing on quality and safety systems. New care pathways to coordinate care and the use of information and communication technology were emerging areas. There was little evidence on continuity, coordination and integration of care, how the workforce is managed, where care is provided and changes in the healthcare environment. The main outcome measure for various delivery arrangements were the health status and performance in a test.

Conclusion
A substantial body of evidence exists about safety and efficacy of cochlear implantation in adults, predominantly focused on surgical aspects and this area is rapidly growing. There is a lack of evidence on aspects of care delivery that may have more impact on patients’ experience such as continuity, coordination and integration of care and should be a focus of future research. This would lead to a better understanding of how patient’s view CI experience, associated costs and the value of different care models.
Endurance-trained subjects and sedentary controls increase ventricular contractility and efficiency during exercise: Feasibility of hemodynamics assessed by non-invasive pressure-volume loops
Authors: Östenson Björn , Ostenfeld Ellen , Edlund Jonathan , Heiberg Einar , Arheden Håkan , Steding-Ehrenborg Katarina 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Pressure-volume (PV) loops can be used to assess both load-dependent and load-independent measures of cardiac hemodynamics. However, analysis of PV loops during exercise is challenging as it requires invasive measures. Using a novel method, it has been shown that left ventricular (LV) PV loops at rest can be obtained non-invasively from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and brachial pressures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess if LV PV loops can be obtained non-invasively from CMR during exercise to assess cardiac hemodynamics.

Methods
Thirteen endurance trained (ET; median 48 years [IQR 34–60]) and ten age and sex matched sedentary controls (SC; 43 years [27–57]) were included. CMR images were acquired at rest and during moderate intensity supine exercise defined as 60% of expected maximal heart rate. Brachial pressures were obtained in conjunction with image acquisition.

Results
Contractility measured as maximal ventricular elastance (Emax) increased in both groups during exercise (ET: 1.0 mmHg/ml [0.9–1.1] to 1.1 mmHg/ml [0.9–1.2], p<0.01; SC: 1.1 mmHg/ml [0.9–1.2] to 1.2 mmHg/ml [1.0–1.3], p<0.01). Ventricular efficiency (VE) increased in ET from 70% [66–73] at rest to 78% [75–80] (p<0.01) during exercise and in SC from 68% [63–72] to 75% [73–78] (p<0.01). Arterial elastance (EA) decreased in both groups (ET: 0.8 mmHg/ml [0.7–0.9] to 0.7 mmHg/ml [0.7–0.9], p<0.05; SC: 1.0 mmHg/ml [0.9–1.2] to 0.9 mmHg/ml [0.8–1.0], p<0.05). Ventricular-arterial coupling (EA/Emax) also decreased in both groups (ET: 0.9 [0.8–1.0] to 0.7 [0.6–0.8], p<0.01; SC: 1.0 [0.9–1.1] to 0.7 [0.7–0.8], p<0.01).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates for the first time that LV PV loops can be generated non-invasively during exercise using CMR. ET and SC increase ventricular efficiency and contractility and decrease afterload and ventricular-arterial coupling during moderate supine exercise. These results confirm known physiology. Therefore, this novel method is applicable to be used during exercise in different cardiac disease states, which has not been possible non-invasively before.
Caracterización funcional del daño renal asociado a la inmunoterapia oncológica
Authors: Abril Alicia , Tascón Javier , Vicente-Vicente Laura , Casanova Alfredo G. , Prieto Marta , Morales Ana I. 
Published: May 2023

os inhibidores del punto de control inmunitario (IPCI) son un grupo farmacológico destacable dentro de la inmunoterapia oncológica. Los IPCI se administran en monoterapia o en terapia combinada junto a quimioterápicos como el cisplatino, mostrando excelentes resultados clínicos. Sin embargo, no están exentos de reacciones adversas como la lesión renal inducida por IPCI, mínimamente estudiada y que empeora el pronóstico del paciente.
El objetivo del estudio fue la caracterización funcional del daño renal asociado a los IPCI (anti-CTLA-4 y anti-PD-1) y a la combinación de estos con cisplatino, mediante una batería de biomarcadores de lesión renal. En el estudio, se emplearon ratones macho C57BL/6 divididos en grupos experimentales. Cada grupo recibió, correspondientemente: anti-PD-1, anti-CTLA-4, cisplatino o la terapia combinada de cisplatino+anti-CTLA-4+anti-PD-1. El análisis de biomarcadores se realizó mediante técnicas colorimétricas y de inmunoensayo. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis estadístico empleando el programa IBM SPSS® Statistics.
Los biomarcadores plasmáticos (creatinina y urea) no mostraron lesión renal en ningún grupo de tratamiento, mientras que los biomarcadores urinarios (NGAL, KIM-1 y albúmina) aumentaron en los grupos de terapia combinada mostrando daño renal subclínico. Por ello, los biomarcadores urinarios podrían resultar ventajosos en el diagnóstico precoz del daño renal asociado a IPCI en pacientes oncológicos.
Use of Endoscopic Suturing for the Treatment of Malignant Gastric Ulcer-Related Hemorrhage
Authors: Andreone Michael , Megna Bryant , McDonald Nicholas , Sunjaya Dharma , Hanson Brian , Bilal Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to malignancy can be difficult to manage with traditional endoscopic therapies. Endoscopic suturing is a relatively new technology with limited data available regarding its use for bleeding related to peptic ulcer disease. We describe a case where endoscopic suturing was successfully used to control gastrointestinal hemorrhage from a previously known malignant ulceration that was refractory to traditional interventions.
Polyphasic characterization of rhizobial isolates obtained from different common bean-producing regions
Authors: Santos Thályta Duarte dos , Asobia Princewill Chukwuma , Ferreira Enderson Petrônio de Brito 
Published: May 2023

In Brazil, the common bean is a crop with significant social and economic importance. The prospecting of N2 fixing bacteria is crucial since biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is an eco-friendly technique. This work aimed to obtain and characterize rhizobium isolates based on morpho-physiological, molecular, and symbiotic efficiency parameters, using the strains SEMIA 4077, SEMIA 4080, and SEMIA 4088 as references. The characteristics of the isolates and colonies, their tolerance to salinity and temperature, as well as their utilization of carbon sources, served as the basis for the morpho-physiological characterization. BOX-PCR, REP-PCR, and ERIC-PCR markers were used for genotypic characterization. Assessment of the symbiotic efficiency was carried out in a greenhouse, determining the number of nodules (NN), nodule dry weight (NDW), shoot dry weight (SDW), and total-N (Total-N) accumulation in the shoot. Among the isolates, those exhibiting: neutral culture medium pH, fast growth, colony diameter <2 mm, opaque transparency, homogeneous appearance, and cream color were predominant. Compared to temperature, salinity was the most restrictive factor to the growth of the isolates. Most of the isolates grew on sucrose (88.43%) and mannitol (87.28%). Genotypic analysis revealed that 90% of the isolates clustered in the same group as the reference strain SEMIA 4080. The TaMsG2R1 and BaDeG4R2 isolates showed higher Total-N in the shoot than the reference strains and should be evaluated in future studies under field conditions.
‘I Am the King Himself’: Lear, Seneca and the New Augustus
Authors: Ward Ian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article revisits the kingship of James VI of Scotland and I of England. It argues that there were two defining features of this kingship, its style and its reach. The first is the nature of its absolutism, which drew heavily upon the writings of the Roman public philosopher Seneca. The second is the aspiring imperialism. James cherished the idea of a formal ‘union’ of his crowns, again deriving inspiration from classical Rome. The first part of this article analyses the constitutional theory of James Stuart, as articulated in his writings and those of contemporaries. The second part then conjectures that Shakespeare’s King Lear, first performed in 1606, can be read as a critical, but ultimately approving, commentary on both aspirations, the absolutist and the imperialist.1
Gertrude Atherton’s WWI Propaganda to the Home Front: Mrs. Balfame, The Living Present and The White Morning
Authors: İlimen Ezgi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gertrude Atherton’s Mrs. Balfame (1916), The Living Present (1917) and The White Morning (1918) address the home front audience about the war front of World War I. Atherton chronicles American political transition from isolationism to new internationalism with her pro-Ally and pro-American agenda. In her novel Mrs. Balfame, Atherton reflects political polarization in American society during the U. S. neutrality and anti-German stance, referring to the impacts of war reports on public opinion. The Living Present underlines French women’s wartime services on the home front and transatlantic collaboration through Atherton’s recollections. In her novel The White Morning, German women’s suffering and sense of duty gradually carry them to the war front with women’s revolution that brings their war to an end with Prussian militarism and patriarchal oppression. Thus, Atherton’s propaganda literature encourages women’s political awareness and wartime mobilization for their postwar progress and demands as citizens.
Times Out of Joint: The Spy Who Came in from the Cold
Authors: Benskin Michael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
John le Carré’s The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (1963), the literary breakthrough of one of the most successful novelists of our time, is a Cold War classic that changed the direction of spy fiction, and has gone far to redefining it. The story is compelling, bleak and without heroes: that causes are betrayed is no surprise, but here institutions betray their own men. Reviewers took the novel to be credible and realistic, qualities assumed even by some recent political and cultural studies of the Cold War; the author had, after all, served the British Foreign Office in Germany, and though he denied it for decades, he was from the first suspected to have been a spy. The novel’s authenticity grew with le Carré’s denials, reinforced by his published story of how he wrote it: it was an immediate and intensely personal reaction to seeing the Berlin Wall being built, written in a great rush within five or six weeks. The novel itself, however, tells a different story, which no competent intelligence officer could ever have believed. Its chronologies are variously impossible, both internally and in their historical anchorage. It assumes the existence of the Wall from the outset, but parts must have been composed before the Wall was built: as will appear, the story is composite, and it marches to contradictory calendars. The textual archaeology thus indicated is confirmed by some of le Carré’s own correspondence.
“The Famous Republic of Shepherds” (Hall 2015: 382–383): Sarah Hall’s Alternative Pastoral Trajectory in Haweswater (2002) and The Wolf Border (2015)
Authors: Pompié Constance 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In most of her writings, Sarah Hall uses the pastoral mode, tapping its complexity in order not only to revisit and subvert its conventions but also to represent and question the interactions between the human and the non-human. The pastoral is thus used as an aesthetic and ethical medium through which the crises of the Anthropocene are made visible. I argue that Sarah Hall’s Haweswater and The Wolf Border, drawing on the origins of pastoral, showcase an alternative pastoral trajectory that allows her to represent the challenges of the current environmental crisis. Through a thematic and formal study of Hall’s novels in the light of new materialist theories, I intend to show that the reinvention of the pastoral mode is a way for Hall to shed light on the realistic content of the pastoral that tends to go unnoticed: the actual working and living conditions of land workers, the political orientations behind rewilding programs, the representation of the environment and the ontological hierarchy that enables human subjects to reify nature and its non-human inhabitants. This alternative pastoral trajectory allows literature to investigate, question and reflect on the current environmental crisis and on our position as human beings embedded in a natural environment.
Late-time dark energy and Hubble tension
Authors: Pilipović Dragana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe extend Einstein’s theory of general relativity by introducing stochastic elements in addition to the usual fields and apply it to explore late-time redshift. The stochastic perturbation of spacetime enforces an effective minimum length (ML) to give us a cosmological constant naturally derived from the diffusive nature of spacetime and a redshift driven by both the geometry of spacetime as well as its diffusive nature. In this new theory, “dark energy” is the manifestation of fundamental uncertainty caused by ML of spacetime. The new theory converges to the minimalΛ\LambdaCDM model in the era after the Big Bang, when the geometry dominates over the diffusive character of spacetime. However, as the Hubble parameter decreases in value over time, there is a period during which the diffusive effects play an increasingly important role. For later times, as the universe approaches its minimum total energy density, the resulting redshift obtains significant contributions from both the geometry, captured by the Hubble parameter “HH,” and spacetime diffusion, captured by a new parameter “DD,” the diffusive equivalent toHH. Hence, the new theory presented here is particularly important during the later times in whichHHdiminishes and becomes comparable toDD. The theory suggests that the Hubble tension might be relieved by the diffusive character of spacetime. In order to compare the early time Hubble parameter estimates to the late-time estimates, we must recognize the contribution diffusion makes to the redshift observations and further reformulate luminosity distance and its kinematic expression to account for the effects of diffusion in addition to geometry. We perform a simple analysis of Type Ia supernovae observations with distances calibrated using Cepheids to obtain estimates for the new diffusion parameter. Based on these results, the new theory places the universe well inside a vacuum-dominated regime with a small and diminishing diffusion parameter.
Unpacking the Financial Incentives in Health by Revisiting India’s “Safe Motherhood Program”
Authors: Baulia Susmita 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates India’s nationwide health reform to understand its various channels of effect. The reform entitled socio-economically backward mothers with cash transfer if they chose to give birth at public health institutions, and simultaneously employed ASHAs as a direct link between pregnant women and the public healthcare delivery system. Using variations in mothers’ eligibility and differential implementation of ASHAs across states, birth-related outcomes are evaluated in a difference-in-difference framework. Results show that eligible mothers with both cash transfer and ASHA’s guidance outperformed those receiving only cash transfer, in institutional birth rate and timely initiation of breastfeeding. An improved outcome in the ASHA’s presence alongside the conditional cash transfer argues for the vitality of the former’s role in spreading information on the importance of health and the uptake of public healthcare.
Experimental study on photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance of ZnS/CdS-TiO2 nanotube array thin films
Authors: Xu Hanbing , Fan Zhenzhong , Liu Qingwang , Li Linjing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The effect of CdS/ZnS composite-sensitized TiO2 nanotube array (TNTA) on the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 was studied. CdS/ZnS quantum dots sensitized TNTA by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) cycle method, and CdS/ZnS-TNTA composite semiconductor materials were prepared. The loading amount of CdS/ZnS depends on the number of SILAR cycles. The effects of SILAR cycle times, the CO2 volume flow, and light intensity on the photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance were studied. The main product of the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 was methanol; the performance was 2.73 times higher than that of bare TNTA, the optimal SILAR cycle was 10, the light absorption sideband was red shifted to 524 nm, and the optimal CO2 volume flow rate was 20.5 mL/min. The final yield was as high as 255.49 nmol/(cm2-cat h). CdS/ZnS quantum dot sensitization mainly broadened the wavelength range of the catalyst’s response to visible light, inhibited the recombination of electron–hole pairs to a certain extent, and greatly improved the photocatalytic performance under visible light.
Depression and anxiety in adolescents and young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nasiri-Amiri Fatemeh , Faramarzi Mahbobeh , Omidvar Shabnam , Alizadeh-Navaei Reza 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the depression and anxiety symptoms, or both in adolescents and young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) to those without PCOS.

Contents
A comprehensive electronic search was conducted to identify observational studies on PCOS patients (January 1991–December 2020). The population study included adolescents and young women (14–29 years of age) in two groups of cases (with PCOS) and controls (without PCOS) who were diagnosed with PCOS using the Rotterdam or National Institutes of Health criteria (NIH). Symptoms of depression, anxiety, or both, reported separately, were of interest. Mean (SD) of depression or anxiety symptoms, or both, as measured by a quantitatively validated scale for both the case and control groups. All eligible studies were quality assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) tool. The initial database search resulted in the discovery of 1,582 papers, of which 806 were selected after screening the titles and abstracts and removing duplicates. A total of 49 papers were found to be suitable for full-text reading. This meta-analysis included ten studies comprising 941 adolescent/young women (391 with PCOS and 550 without PCOS). The standard mean difference (SMD) and its corresponding confidence interval (CI) at 95 % were used to compare depression or anxiety symptoms, or both, between two groups.

Summary and outlook
The results, which included 192 cases, demonstrated that adolescents/young women with PCOS had significantly more depressive symptoms than those without PCOS (n=360) (SMD 0.72; 95 % CI, 0.09–1.34; Z=2.25, p=0.025; Heterogeneity: I2=89.7 %; p=0.000). Also, the results which included 299 cases demonstrated that adolescents/young women with PCOS had significantly more anxiety symptoms than those without PCOS (n=421) (SMD 0.59; 95 % CI, 0.13–1.05; Z=2.51, p=0.012; Heterogeneity: I2=86.1 %; p=0.000). This meta-analysis demonstrates that adolescent/young women with PCOS have significantly more depression or anxiety symptoms than those without PCOS.