bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) on Female Reproduction
Authors: Sirotkin Alexander V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis review describes the chemical composition of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) and its general health effects, as well as the currently available knowledge concerning its action on
the female reproductive state, functions on the ovary and ovarian cells and reproductive hormones, as well as possible constituents and extra- and intracellular mediators mediating its
effects on female reproductive processes. Flaxseed contains a number of biologically active molecules, which, acting through multiple signalling pathways, can determine numerous
physiological, protective and therapeutic effects of flaxseed. The available publications demonstrate the action of flaxseed and its constituents on the female reproductive system – ovarian
growth, follicle development, the resulting puberty and reproductive cycles, ovarian cell proliferation and apoptosis, oo- and embryogenesis, hormonal regulators of reproductive processes
and their dysfunctions. These effects can be determined by flaxseed lignans, alpha-linolenic acid and their products. Their actions can be mediated by changes in general metabolism,
metabolic and reproductive hormones, their binding proteins, receptors and several intracellular signalling pathways, including protein kinases, transcription factors regulating cell
proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and malignant transformation. Flaxseed and its active molecules are found potentially useful for improving farm animal reproductive efficiency and
treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome and ovarian cancer.
Assessment of Rose Bengal Photodynamic Therapy on Viability and Proliferation of Human Keratolimbal Epithelial and Stromal Cells In Vitro
Authors: Chai Ning , Stachon Tanja , Nastaranpour Mahsa , Li Zhen , Seitz Berthold , Ulrich Myriam , Langenbucher Achim , Szentmáry Nóra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose To investigate the effect of Rose Bengal photodynamic therapy (RB-PDT) on viability and proliferation of human limbal epithelial stem cells (T-LSCs), human corneal epithelial cells (HCE-T), human limbal fibroblasts (LFCs), and human normal and keratoconus fibroblasts (HCFs and KC-HCFs) in vitro.
Methods T-LSCs and HCE-T cell lines were used in this research. LFCs were isolated from healthy donor corneal limbi (n = 5), HCFs from healthy human donor corneas (n = 5), and KC-HCFs from penetrating keratoplasties of keratoconus patients (n = 5). After cell culture, RB-PDT was performed using 0.001% RB concentration and 565 nm wavelength illumination with 0.14 to 0.7 J/cm2 fluence. The XTT and the BrdU assays were used to assess cell viability and proliferation 24 h after RB-PDT.
Results RB or illumination alone did not change cell viability or proliferation in any of the cell types (p ≥ 0.1). However, following RB-PDT, viability decreased significantly from 0.17 J/cm2 fluence in HCFs (p < 0.001) and KC-HCFs (p < 0.0001), and from 0.35 J/cm2 fluence in T-LSCs (p < 0.001), HCE-T (p < 0.05), and LFCs ((p < 0.0001). Cell proliferation decreased significantly from 0.14 J/cm2 fluence in T-LSCs (p < 0.0001), HCE-T (p < 0.05), and KC-HCFs (p < 0.001) and from 0.17 J/cm2 fluence in HCFs (p < 0.05). Regarding LFCs proliferation, no values could be determined by the BrdU assay.
Conclusions Though RB-PDT seems to be a safe and effective treatment method in vivo, its dose-dependent phototoxicity on corneal epithelial and stromal cells has to be respected. The data and experimental parameters applied in this study may provide a reliable reference for future investigations.
Developing Validated Tools to Identify Pulmonary Embolism in Electronic Databases: Rationale and Design of the PE-EHR+ Study
Authors: Bikdeli Behnood , Lo Ying-Chih , Khairani Candrika D. , Bejjani Antoine , Jimenez David , Barco Stefano , Mahajan Shiwani , Caraballo César , Secemsky Eric A. , Klok Frederikus A. , Hunsaker Andetta R. , Aghayev Ayaz , Muriel Alfonso , Wang Yun , Hussain Mohamad A. , Appah-Sampong Abena , Lu Yuan , Lin Zhenqiu , Aneja Sanjay , Khera Rohan , Goldhaber Samuel Z. , Zhou Li , Monreal Manuel , Krumholz Harlan M. , Piazza Gregory 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Contemporary pulmonary embolism (PE) research, in many cases, relies on data from electronic health records (EHRs) and administrative databases that use International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes. Natural language processing (NLP) tools can be used for automated chart review and patient identification. However, there remains uncertainty with the validity of ICD-10 codes or NLP algorithms for patient identification.
Methods The PE-EHR+ study has been designed to validate ICD-10 codes as Principal Discharge Diagnosis, or Secondary Discharge Diagnoses, as well as NLP tools set out in prior studies to identify patients with PE within EHRs. Manual chart review by two independent abstractors by predefined criteria will be the reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values will be determined. We will assess the discriminatory function of code subgroups for intermediate- and high-risk PE. In addition, accuracy of NLP algorithms to identify PE from radiology reports will be assessed.
Results A total of 1,734 patients from the Mass General Brigham health system have been identified. These include 578 with ICD-10 Principal Discharge Diagnosis codes for PE, 578 with codes in the secondary position, and 578 without PE codes during the index hospitalization. Patients within each group were selected randomly from the entire pool of patients at the Mass General Brigham health system. A smaller subset of patients will also be identified from the Yale-New Haven Health System. Data validation and analyses will be forthcoming.
Conclusions The PE-EHR+ study will help validate efficient tools for identification of patients with PE in EHRs, improving the reliability of efficient observational studies or randomized trials of patients with PE using electronic databases.
Gold-Catalyzed Cyclization of Alkynyl Heteroarenes with a Norbornene Bridge
Authors: Joo Jung Min , Jeon Ju Eun , Jeong Siyeon , Kwak Hayeon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, gold(III)-catalyzed cyclization reactions of alkynyl norbornene derivatives were developed to provide benzofused (hetero)arenes with substitutions at the benzocyclic ring. The combination of Au(OAc)3 and AgNTf2 allowed for the annulation of (hetero)arenes by intramolecular hydro(hetero)arylation followed by retro-Diels–Alder reactions to afford fully conjugated benzofused (hetero)arenes in yields higher than those obtained by our previously developed Pd(OAc)2-catalyzed protocol. Furthermore, when Au(OAc)3 was replaced with AuCl3, (hetero)arenes with the norbornene bridge installed at the more electron-rich and sterically demanding position underwent a rearrangement to afford the corresponding regioisomeric products in a divergent manner. The results indicate that the rigid norbornene ring creates a steric effect, in addition to placing two reactive sites in close proximity and serving as an acetylene synthon. This illustrates the importance of steric effects in addition to the electronic effects of the catalyst and the substrate on the rearrangement.
Enantioselective Synthesis of (R)-Tiagabine via Asymmetric Hydrogen Atom Transfer Protocol
Authors: Jiang Jie , Zhang Yong-Qiang , Li Longfei , Chen Wanjiao , Xu Zhongyun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn enantioselective synthesis of tiagabine has been achieved utilizing an asymmetric hydrogen atom transfer protocol to construct its essential chiral tertiary carbon center. A cyclization reaction via double N-substitution is tactically orchestrated as the other key step to install the crucial alkaloid ring. Compared with the previous synthetic strategy, which used commercially available nicotinate as the starting material to ensure a short synthetic route, this strategy uses a readily modifiable and accessible alkyl-substituted acrylate as the starting material and thus provides a scenario for the facile synthesis of analogues and derivatives of tiagabine for further biological research.
Synthesis of 1,1-Disubstituted Indenes via Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of ortho-Alkenyl Bromobenzenes and α-Aryl-α-diazoesters
Authors: Zhang Shu-Sheng , Feng Chen-Guo , Feng Xiao-Jiao , Fu Jian-Guo , Zhao Qian , Lu Yu-Han 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPalladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of ortho-alkenyl bromobenzenes and α-aryl-α-diazoesters was realized. The reactions proceeded in moderate to excellent yields with broad substrate scope, providing a straightforward method for the synthesis of 1,1-disubstituted indenes. The reaction is thought to undergo a tandem alkenyl C–H activation/carbene insertion sequence, in which a C,C-pallada(II)cycle is the key intermediate.
Visible-Light Photocatalytic Barbier-Type Reaction of Aziridines and Azetidines with Nonactivated Aldehydes
Authors: Qu Quan , Chen Lin , Gui Yong-Yuan , Yu Da-Gang , Deng Yu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBarbier-type reactions are a classic group of reactions for carbon–carbon bond formation; however, their common use of stoichiometric metals restricts their widespread application. Considering the ready availability and diversity of cyclic amines, we report a visible-light photocatalytic Barbier-type reaction of aziridines and azetidines with nonactivated aldehydes. A series of important γ- and δ-amino alcohols were synthesized in the presence of amines as electron donors. Moreover, this transition-metal-free protocol displays mild reaction conditions, broad functional-group tolerance, and a wide substrate scope. Mechanistic investigations indicated that carbon radicals and carbanions might be generated as key intermediates.
Toenail Paronychium Flap: Novel Surgical Approach for Ingrowing Toenail and Review of the Literature of Conventional Surgical Methods
Authors: Ahn Yujin , Lee Hyunrok , Eo Surak , Shin Heakyeong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIngrown toenails are most common among school-age children and adolescents though they can be observed at any age. Causes of ingrown toenails are increased curvature, trauma, and external pressure. Treatment of ingrown toenails can be broadly characterized as conservative and surgical. Conservative treatment can be performed using various methods, such as a gutter splint, dental floss, and cotton. Surgical treatments may be divided into two main approaches; narrowing of the nail plate and debulking of periungual tissues. However, these various conservative and surgical treatments have high recurrence rates, and thus, the author used a permanent surgical method based on the use of a paronychium flap to treat a 15-year-old male adolescent with excessive periungual tissues and curved ingrown toenails who did not improve despite conservative and several surgical treatments over 4 years. Subsequently, toenail shape was maintained without recurrence 22 months after surgery, and there were no complaints of inflammation or pain while walking. This simple surgical method can be performed on patients with advanced ingrown toenails due to excessive periungual tissues and nail curvature and can be expected to have permanent effects.
Carbonyl Allylation and Crotylation: Historical Perspective, Relevance to Polyketide Synthesis, and Evolution of Enantioselective Ruthenium-Catalyzed Hydrogen Auto-Transfer Processes
Authors: Krische Michael J. , Ortiz Eliezer , Saludares Connor , Wu Jessica , Cho Yoon , Santana Catherine G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe evolution of methods for carbonyl allylation and crotylation of alcohol proelectrophiles culminating in the design of iodide-bound ruthenium-JOSIPHOS catalysts is prefaced by a brief historical perspective on asymmetric carbonyl allylation and its relevance to polyketide construction. Using gaseous allene or butadiene as precursors to allyl- or crotylruthenium nucleophiles, respectively, new capabilities for carbonyl allylation and crotylation have been unlocked, including stereo- and site-selective methods for the allylation and crotylation of 1,3-diols and related polyols.1	Introduction and Historical Perspective2	Ruthenium-Catalyzed Conversion of Lower Alcohols into Higher Alcohols3	Conclusion and Future Outlook
Empirical Evidence on the Reliability of Lateral Supramalleolar Flap over Reverse Sural Flap for Local Soft Tissue Coverage of Dorsum of the Foot and Ankle Defects
Authors: Jaiswal Krishndhari Shankar , Gupta Samarth , Goil Pradeep , Mohammad Arbab , Gupta Prateek 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Soft tissue coverage of the distal foot and ankle region has been an area of debate due to the paucity of local flap options. To provide empirical evidence on the reliability of an underreported local alternative for foot and ankle defects, we aim to compare the lateral supramalleolar flap (LSMF) to the reverse sural flap (RSF).
Methods During 2016–2019, 48 patients were divided randomly into two equal groups, LSMF and RSF groups respectively. The patients' demographic, surgical, and clinical outcome details were recorded and analyzed.
Results Flap necrosis was found in five patients in the group treated with RSF and none in the LSMF group. The mean total number of stages in RSF group was significantly higher than in LSMF group (p < 0.05). The mean operative time for patients in LSMF group was 85.8 ± 18.5 and 54.2 ± 11.2 in RSF group (p < 0.05). Five patients in the RSF group needed additional procedures following flap complications. Nine patients in the LSMF group reported satisfaction outcomes to be “excellent,” five patients reported “good” whereas, in the RSF group, 14 patients reported “excellent,” 5 reported “good,” 3 reported “fair,” and 2 reported “poor” outcomes. Compared to the RSF (46.4 ± 4.3) group, the LSMF group had significantly better foot function indices (34.03 ± 3.9).
Conclusion The lateral supramalleolar flap for foot and ankle defects offers better results, reduced complications as well a lesser number of stages and secondary procedures over the traditionally used reverse sural flap.
The Role of the von Willebrand Factor Collagen-Binding Assay (VWF:CB) in the Diagnosis and Treatment of von Willebrand Disease (VWD) and Way Beyond: A Comprehensive 36-Year History
Authors: Favaloro Emmanuel J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe von Willebrand factor (VWF) collagen binding (VWF:CB) assay was first reported for use in von Willebrand diagnostics in 1986, by Brown and Bosak. Since then, the VWF:CB has continued to be used to help diagnose von Willebrand disease (VWD) (correctly) and also to help assign the correct subtype, as well as to assist in the monitoring of VWD therapy, especially desmopressin (DDAVP). However, it is important to recognize that the specific value of any VWF:CB is predicated on the use of an optimized VWF:CB, and that not all VWF:CB assays are so optimized. There are some good commercial assays available, but there are also some “not-so-good” commercial assays available, and these may continue to give the VWF:CB “a bad reputation.” In addition to VWD diagnosis and management, the VWF:CB found purpose in a variety of other applications, from assessing ADAMTS13 activity, to investigation into acquired von Willebrand syndrome (especially as associated with use of mechanical circulatory support or cardiac assist devices), to assessment of VWF activity in disease states in where an excess of high-molecular-weight VWF may accumulate, and lead to increased (micro)thrombosis risk (e.g., coronavirus disease 2019, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura). The VWF:CB turns 37 in 2023. This review is a celebration of the utility of the VWF:CB over this nearly 40-year history.
Electrostatic-induced green and precise growth of model catalysts
Authors: Xia Qiancheng , Liu Bin , Wang Chao , Shen Tao , Li Shuang , Bu Yongguang , Zhang Yuchen , Lu Zhenda , Gao Guandao 
Published: February 2023

Crystallographic control of crystals as catalysts with precise geometrical and chemical features is significantly important to develop sustainable chemistry, yet highly challenging. Encouraged by first principles calculations, precise structure control of ionic crystals could be realized by introducing an interfacial electrostatic field. Herein, we report an efficient in situ dipole-sourced electrostatic field modulation strategy using polarized ferroelectret, for crystal facet engineering toward challenging catalysis reactions, which avoids undesired faradic reactions or insufficient field strength by conventional external electric field. Resultantly, a distinct structure evolution from tetrahedron to polyhedron with different dominated facets of Ag
3
PO
4
model catalyst was obtained by tuning the polarization level, and similar oriented growth was also realized by ZnO system. Theoretical calculations and simulation reveal that the generated electrostatic field can effectively guide the migration and anchoring of Ag
+
precursors and free Ag
3
PO
4
nuclei, achieving oriented crystal growth by thermodynamic and kinetic balance. The faceted Ag
3
PO
4
catalyst exhibits high performance in photocatalytic water oxidation and nitrogen fixation for valuable chemicals production, validating the effectiveness and potential of this crystal regulation strategy. Such an electrically tunable growth concept by electrostatic field provides new synthetic insights and great opportunity to effectively tailor the crystal structures for facet-dependent catalysis.
Block delayed Majorize-Minimize subspace algorithm for large scale image restoration
*
Authors: Chalvidal Mathieu , Chouzenoux Emilie , Fest Jean-Baptiste , Lefort Claire 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, we propose an asynchronous Majorization-Minimization (MM) algorithm for solving large scale differentiable non-convex optimization problems. The proposed algorithm runs efficient MM memory gradient updates on blocks of coordinates, in a parallel and possibly asynchronous manner. We establish the convergence of the resulting sequence of iterates under mild assumptions. The performance of the algorithm is illustrated on the restoration of 3D images degraded by depth-variant 3D blur, arising in multiphoton microscopy. Significant computational time reduction, scalability and robustness are observed on synthetic data, when compared to state-of-the-art methods. Experiments on the restoration of real acquisitions of a muscle structure illustrate the qualitative performance of our approach and its practical applicability.
Synthesis of patchy particles using gaseous ligands
Authors: Virk Mudassar Mumtaz , Beitl Konstantin Nikolaus , van Oostrum Peter D J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The collective self-assembly of colloidal particles can be influenced by the composition of the suspending medium, the bulk material of the particles themselves and, importantly, by their surface chemistry. This can be inhomogeneous or patchy to give an orientational dependence to the interaction potential between the particles. These additional constraints to the energy landscape then steer the self-assembly towards configurations of fundamental or applicational interest. We present a novel approach to modify the surface chemistry of colloidal particles to give them two polar patches, using gaseous ligands. In particular, we synthesize polar inverse patchy colloids, i.e., charged particles with two (fluorescent) patches of the opposite charge on their poles. We characterize the dependence of these charges on the pH of the suspending solution.
First principle calculation of the photocurrent in a short carbon nanotube: the effect of an external bias
Authors: Zhang Yan , Chen Jingzhe 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We studied the transport properties of a short carbon nanotube between two different metal electrodes. Specifically, the photocurrents under a series of bias voltages are investigated. The calculations are completed within the non-equilibrium Green’s function method, where the photon–electron interaction is taken as a perturbation. The rule-of-thumb that a forward bias decreases while a reverse bias increases the photocurrent under the same illumination is verified. The first principle results demonstrate the characteristic of the Franz–Keldysh effect, where the photocurrent response edge shows a clear red-shift trend in electric fields along both axial directions. An obvious Stark splitting is observed when some reverse bias is applied to the system due to the huge field strength. In this short-channel situation, intrinsic nanotube states are strongly hybridized with metal electrode states, which results in dark current leakage and specific features such as a long tail and fluctuations in the photocurrent response.
Effective doses and risks from medical diagnostic x-ray examinations for male and female patients from childhood to old age
Authors: Harrison John D , Haylock Richard G E , Jansen Jan T M , Zhang Wei , Wakeford Richard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The consideration of risks from medical diagnostic x-ray examinations and their justification commonly relies on estimates of effective dose, although the quantity is actually a health-detriment-weighted summation of organ/tissue-absorbed doses rather than a measure of risk. In its 2007 Recommendations, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) defines effective dose in relation to a nominal value of stochastic detriment following low-level exposure of 5.7 × 10−2 Sv−1, as an average over both sexes, all ages, and two fixed composite populations (Asian and Euro-American). Effective dose represents the overall (whole-body) dose received by a person from a particular exposure, which can be used for the purposes of radiological protection as set out by ICRP, but it does not provide a measure that is specific to the characteristics of the exposed individual. However, the cancer incidence risk models used by ICRP can be used to provide estimates of risk separately for males and females, as a function of age-at-exposure, and for the two composite populations. Here, these organ/tissue-specific risk models are applied to estimates of organ/tissue-specific absorbed doses from a range of diagnostic procedures to derive lifetime excess cancer incidence risk estimates; the degree of heterogeneity in the distribution of absorbed doses between organs/tissues will depend on the procedure. Depending on the organs/tissues exposed, risks are generally higher in females and notably higher for younger ages-at-exposure. Comparing lifetime cancer incidence risks per Sv effective dose from the different procedures shows that overall risks are higher by about a factor of two to three for the youngest age-at-exposure group, 0–9 yr, than for 30–39 yr adults, and lower by a similar factor for an age-at-exposure of 60–69 yr. Taking into account these differences in risk per Sv, and noting the substantial uncertainties associated with risk estimates, effective dose as currently formulated provides a reasonable basis for assessing the potential risks from medical diagnostic examinations.