bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Risk Score Improves Risk Stratification for Anticoagulation-Related Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Mayerhofer Ernst , Parodi Livia , Prapiadou Savvina , Malik Rainer , Rosand Jonathan , Georgakis Marios K. , Anderson Christopher D. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most devastating adverse outcome for patients on anticoagulants. Clinical risk scores that quantify bleeding risk can guide decision-making in situations when indication or duration for anticoagulation is uncertain. We investigated whether integration of a genetic risk score into an existing risk factor–based CRS could improve risk stratification for anticoagulation-related ICH.

Methods:
We constructed 153 genetic risk scores from genome-wide association data of 1545 ICH cases and 1481 controls and validated them in 431 ICH cases and 431 matched controls from the population-based UK Biobank. The score that explained the largest variance in ICH risk was selected and tested for prediction of incident ICH in an independent cohort of 5530 anticoagulant users. A CRS for major anticoagulation-related hemorrhage, based on 8/9 components of the HAS-BLED score, was compared with a combined clinical and genetic risk score incorporating an additional point for high genetic risk for ICH.

Results:
Among anticoagulated individuals, 94 ICH occurred over a mean follow-up of 11.9 years. Compared with the lowest genetic risk score tertile, being in the highest tertile was associated with a two-fold increased risk for incident ICH (hazard ratio, 2.08 [95% CI, 1.22–3.56]). Although the CRS predicted incident ICH with a hazard ratio of 1.24 per 1-point increase (95% CI [1.01–1.53]), adding a point for high genetic ICH risk led to a stronger association (hazard ratio of 1.33 per 1-point increase [95% CI, 1.11–1.59]) with improved risk stratification (C index 0.57 versus 0.53) and maintained calibration (integrated calibration index 0.001 for both). The new clinical and genetic risk score showed 19% improvement in high-risk classification among individuals with ICH and a net reclassification improvement of 0.10.

Conclusions:
Among anticoagulant users, a prediction score incorporating genomic information is superior to a clinical risk score alone for ICH risk stratification and could serve in clinical decision-making.
ICE GENESIS: Synergetic Aircraft and Ground-Based Remote Sensing and In Situ Measurements of Snowfall Microphysical Properties
Authors: Billault-Roux Anne-Claire , Grazioli Jacopo , Delanoë Julien , Jorquera Susana , Pauwels Nicolas , Viltard Nicolas , Martini Audrey , Mariage Vincent , Le Gac Christophe , Caudoux Christophe , Aubry Clémantyne , Bertrand Fabrice , Schwarzenboeck Alfons , Jaffeux Louis , Coutris Pierre , Febvre Guy , Pichon Jean Marc , Dezitter Fabien , Gehring Josué , Untersee Aude , Calas Christophe , Figueras i Ventura Jordi , Vie Benoit , Peyrat Adrien , Curat Valentin , Rebouissoux Simon , Berne Alexis 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An international field experiment took place in the Swiss Jura in January 2021 as a milestone of the European ICE GENESIS project (www.ice-genesis.eu/), which aims to better measure, understand, and model the ice/snow particle properties and mechanisms responsible for icing of rotor-craft and aircraft. The field campaign was designed to collect observations of clouds and snowfall at a prescribed range of temperatures (−10° to +2°C). The suite of in situ and remote sensing instruments included airborne probes and imagers on board a SAFIRE ATR-42 aircraft, able to sample liquid and ice particles from the micron to the millimeter size range, as well as icing sensors and cameras. Two 95 GHz Doppler cloud radars were installed on the SAFIRE ATR-42, while six Doppler weather radars operating at frequencies ranging from 10 to 95 GHz (and one lidar) were ground based. An operational polarimetric weather radar in nearby France (Montancy) complements the coverage. Finally, observations of standard meteorological variables as well as high-resolution pictures of falling snowflakes from a multiangle snowflake camera were collected at the ground level. The campaign showed its full potential during five (multihourly) flights where precipitation was monitored from cloud to ground. The originality of this campaign resides in the targeted specific temperature range for snowfall and in the synchronization between the ground-based remote sensing and the aircraft trajectories designed to maximize the collection of in situ observations within the column above the radar systems.
A Randomized Cross-Over Analysis of the 6-Minute Step Test When Administered in Different Music Listening Conditions to Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Felekoğlu Elvan , Köprülüoğlu Melissa , Kinik Merve , Naz İlknur 
Published: February 2023

The 6-Minute Step Test (6-MST) is a simple, inexpensive field test that is increasingly used to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness. Whether sufficient performance is revealed by this test and the effect on it of motivational factors such as music is unknown. In this cross-sectional, randomized, and crossover research design, we aimed to analyze 6-MST performance and test outcomes in different music-related auditory conditions of non-musical/non-rhythmic [NM/NR], musical/non-rhythmic [M/NR], and musical/rhythmic [M/R]). We had 38 healthy young adults (M age = 21.21, SD = 1.21 years; 60% male) complete all tests, and we measured their number of steps taken, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, peripheral oxygen saturation, perceived dyspnea, and fatigue on the modified Borg scale. We recorded individually calculated submaximal values according to heart rate reached after three tests. The number of steps increased in the M/R condition relative to other conditions ( p = 0.003), and the amount of change in perceived leg fatigue was also higher in the M/R condition ( p < 0.017). Despite variable test performances in different auditory conditions, we found no statistically significant difference in cardiovascular fitness and symptoms ( p > 0.05). We concluded that the 6-MST is a useful tool for assessing maximum cardiac tolerance, especially if administered while listening to rhythmic music.
Duration of androgen deprivation with radiotherapy for high-risk or locally advanced prostate cancer: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Petrelli Fausto , De Stefani Agostina , Vavassori Ivano , Motta Federica , Luciani Andrea , Trevisan Francesca 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To evaluate various outcomes of different lengths of androgen deprivation therapy in high- and very-high-risk prostate cancer, we conducted a network meta-analysis of randomized trials. The treatment of high-risk PC comprises the use of radical radiotherapy associated with various durations of androgen deprivation therapy, with luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogues initiated during or immediately before the beginning of radiation. Methods and Materials: This study followed the PRISMA extension statement to report network meta-analyses. We systematically searched online databases, including MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, for all randomized trials published up to April 2022. The primary outcomes were overall survival, prostate cancer-specific mortality, and metastasis-free survival. Network meta-analyses were performed under a Bayesian framework using the “gemtc” package ( https://gemtc.drugis.org ). Results: The network meta-analysis included 12 studies (10 treatments) on overall survival outcomes. None of the arms showed superiority to radiotherapy alone with respect to overall deaths. Nine studies and 10 treatment arms had prostate cancer-specific mortality data. Overall, 36 months of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy resulted in a better outcome than radiotherapy alone, three months of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy, or 12 or 24 months of adjuvant androgen reprivation therapy, and it was the better treatment (73%) in terms of cancer mortality. Treatment involving luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analogues for 6 months before and during radiotherapy ranked the highest in reducing distant metastases (42%). Conclusions: We found that 36 months of adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy after radiotherapy was the optimal duration of endocrine treatment with regard to cancer mortality for high-risk and locally advanced prostate cancer.
Effect of High School Showcase Exposures and Timing of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Tear on Professional Baseball Careers in Elite Pitchers
Authors: Kriz John P. , DeFroda Steven , Staffa Steven J. , Kriz Peter K. 
Published: February 2023

Background: Showcase participation has been considered a risk factor for elbow injuries. It remains unclear whether high school (HS) showcase volume negatively affects pitchers’ career paths. Because pitchers are achieving 90 mph thresholds at younger ages, it is unknown whether shorter time intervals between achieving 90 mph thresholds and dates of ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCL-R), known as time to tear (TTT), may affect career trajectory. Hypothesis: Elite pitchers with higher HS showcase volumes would be less likely to reach Major League Baseball (MLB) level compared with elite pitchers with fewer HS showcase appearances. Elite pitchers with longer TTT intervals would be more likely to achieve MLB level. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Demographic, HS showcase and professional performance, and injury data from pitchers selected in the first 5 rounds of the MLB draft (2011-2017) were gathered from publicly available databases. Continuous and categorical variables were compared for the following subgroups: UCL-R group and pitcher group not undergoing UCL-R; “early” and “late” UCL-R groups; and pitchers achieving and pitchers not achieving MLB level. Multivariable analysis was performed using logistic regression. Standard deviations of ±1 SD were used to define early career versus late career UCL-R subgroups after normal distribution was confirmed (Shapiro-Wilk test; P = .227). The early UCL-R group was defined as those pitchers undergoing UCL-R ≤−1 SD from the mean age at first injury (group mean age, 19.43 years), whereas the late UCL-R group was defined as ≥+1 SD from that age (group mean age, 25.19 years). Results: Of 611 pitchers, 455 (74.5%) had HS showcase performance data, and 608 (99.5%) had professional performance data. In total, 184 (30.1%) pitchers underwent UCL-R. Fewer pitchers who underwent early UCL-R achieved the MLB level compared with pitchers who underwent late UCL-R (48.1% vs 86.2%; P = .006). Elite pitchers who pitched in ≥10 showcases in HS had half the odds of achieving the MLB level compared with pitchers who participated in <10 HS showcases (adjusted odds ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.29-0.86; P = .012). For every year longer that an elite pitcher did not tear his UCL after achieving the 90 mph threshold at an HS showcase (TTT after 90 mph [per year]), the likelihood of achieving the MLB level increased by 24% (adjusted odds ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.02-1.52; P = .032). Conclusion: Higher HS showcase volume in elite pitchers was associated with a lower likelihood of achieving MLB level. A longer TTT after 90 mph (per year) was significantly associated with achieving MLB level in elite pitchers.
Data-dependent early completion of dose-finding trials for drug-combination
Authors: Kojima Masahiro 
Published: February 2023

Context summary I propose a data-dependent early completion of dose-finding trials for drug combinations. Early completion is determined when the dose retainment probability using both the trial data and the number of remaining patients is high. An early completion method in which the dose retainment probability is adjusted by a bivariate isotonic regression is also proposed. Early completion is demonstrated for a virtual trial. The performance of the early completion method is evaluated by simulation studies with 12 scenarios. I have shown that, compared with non-early completion designs, the proposed early completion methods reduce the number of patients treated while maintaining similar performance. The number of patients for determining early completion before a trial start is determined and the program code for calculating the dose retainment probability is provided. Abstract Purpose Model-assisted designs for drug combination trials have been proposed as novel designs with simple and superior performance. However, model-assisted designs have the disadvantage that the sample size must be set in advance, and trials cannot be completed until the number of patients treated reaches the pre-set sample size. Model-assisted designs have a stopping rule that can be used to terminate the trial if the number of patients treated exceeds the predetermined number, there is no statistical basis for the predetermined number. Here, I propose two methods for data-dependent early completion of dose-finding trials for drug combination: (1) an early completion method based on dose retainment probability, and (2) an early completion method in which the dose retainment probability is adjusted by a bivariate isotonic regression. Methods Early completion is determined when the dose retainment probability using both trial data and the number of remaining patients is high. Early completion of a virtual trial was demonstrated. The performances of the early completion methods were evaluated by simulation studies with 12 scenarios. Results The simulation studies showed that the percentage of early completion was an average of approximately 70%, and the number of patients treated was 25% less than the planned sample size. The percentage of correct maximum tolerated dose combination selection for the early completion methods was similar to that of non-early completion methods with an average difference of approximately 3%. Conclusion The performance of the proposed early completion methods was similar to that of the non-early completion methods. Furthermore, the number of patients for determining early completion before the trial starts was determined and a program code for calculating the dose retainment probability was proposed.
An RGB-D camera-based indoor occupancy positioning system for complex and densely populated scenarios
Authors: Wang Huan , Wang Guijin , Li Xianting 
Published: February 2023

The dynamic changes in occupants’ presence, movements and other behaviours could affect the actual operation and energy consumption of buildings. The design and operation of buildings can be adjusted to be more energy efficient by thinking over the actual distribution of occupants and application scenarios. Nevertheless, accurate, nonintrusive and applicable occupancy positioning systems, especially for complex and densely populated scenarios, have not yet been established. Herein, we propose a novel indoor positioning system based on a red green blue-depth (RGB-D) camera (CIOPS-RGBD). This system utilizes multiple RGB-D cameras to capture colour and depth images from different views. A data fusion algorithm is developed according to the result from a human pose estimation method. Then, the proposed CIOPS-RGBD system was setup and verified within a multifunction room for steady and dynamic accuracy estimation. The accuracy was verified within 10 cm in most cases. Finally, the system was tested under different application scenarios with more than 25 occupants in an 86 m2 space. The results demonstrate that the system can provide high-quality occupancy positioning and body orientation information for these scenarios in almost real-time, providing a solid basis to improve the actual operation and design of indoor environment creation systems.
Incidence of hyperthyroidism in patients with bipolar or schizoaffective disorder with or without lithium: 21-year follow-up from the LiSIE retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lieber Ingrid , Ott Michael , Lundqvist Robert , Eliasson Mats , Werneke Ursula 
Published: February 2023

Background: Lithium-associated hyperthyroidism is much rarer than lithium-associated hypothyroidism. Yet, it may be of substantial clinical significance for affected individuals. For instance, lithium-associated hyperthyroidism could destabilise mood, mimic manic episodes and impact physical health. Only few studies have explored incidence rates of lithium-associated hyperthyroidism. Even fewer studies have compared incidence rates according to lithium exposure history. Objectives: To determine the impact of lithium treatment on the incidence rate of hyperthyroidism in patients with bipolar or schizoaffective disorder and assess its aetiology. Design: This study is part of the LiSIE (Lithium – Study into Effects and Side Effects) retrospective cohort study. Methods: Between 1997 and 2017, patients in the Swedish region of Norrbotten with a diagnosis of bipolar or schizoaffective disorder were screened for all episodes of overt hyperthyroidism in form of thyrotoxicosis or thyroiditis. Incidence rates of episodes of hyperthyroidism per 1000 person-years (PY) were compared in relation to lithium exposure; concurrent, previous, or no exposure ever (lithium-naïve patients) Results: In 1562 patients, we identified 16 episodes of hyperthyroidism corresponding to an incidence rate of 0.88 episodes per 1000 PY. Ninety-four percent of episodes had occurred in women. Patients who had concurrently been exposed to lithium, had an incidence rate of 1.35 episodes per 1000 PY. Patients who had previously been exposed to lithium had an incidence rate of 0.79 per 1000 PY. Patients who had never been exposed to lithium had an incidence rate of 0.47 per 1000 PY. There were no significant differences in the risk ratios for patients with concurrent or previous exposure compared with lithium-naïve patients, neither for hyperthyroidism overall, thyrotoxicosis, or thyroiditis. Conclusion: Lithium-associated hyperthyroidism seems uncommon. The risk of hyperthyroidism does not seem significantly higher in patients with current or previous lithium exposure than in lithium-naïve patients.
The effect of pregabalin on postoperative pain after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A systematic review of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Kazemi Seyyed Morteza , Kouhestani Emad , Hosseini Seyyed Mehdi 
Published: February 2023

Background Despite the enormous success of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, acute neuropathic pain can develop postoperatively and is both distressing and difficult to treat once established. Pregabalin, an anticonvulsant agent that selectively affects the nociceptive process, has been used as a pain relief agent. The purpose of this systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to evaluate the pain control effect of pregabalin versus placebo after ACL reconstruction. Method A search of the literature was performed from inception to June 2022, using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Cochrane and EBSCO. Studies considered for inclusion were RCTs that reported relevant outcomes (postoperative pain scores, cumulative opioid consumption, adverse events) following administration of pregabalin in patients undergoing ACL reconstruction. Result Five placebo-controlled RCTs involving 272 participants met the inclusion criteria. 75 mg and 150 mg oral pregabalin was used in included trials. Two studies used a single dose of pregabalin one hour before anesthesia induction. Two studies used pregabalin 1 hour before anesthesia induction and 12 hours after. One study used daily pregabalin 7 days before and 7 days after surgery. Out of five papers, three papers found significantly lower pain intensity and cumulative opioid consumption in pregabalin group compared with placebo group. However, a decrease in pain scores was found in all trials. Pregabalin administration was associated with dizziness and nausea. Conclusion The use of pregabalin may be a valuable asset in pain management after ACL reconstruction. However, future studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up period are required.
Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics influencing the hesitancy and refusal of COVID-19 vaccine in Ghana
Authors: Sampene Agyemang Kwasi , Li Cai , Oteng Agyeman Fredrick , Brenya Robert 
Published: February 2023

Background: Ghana was the first country to receive the coronavirus vaccination in West Africa from AstraZeneca or Oxford. Ghana plans to vaccinate 20 million out of the 32 million population and provide the necessary doses utilizing multilateral and bilateral agreements. As Ghana begins vaccinating its citizens, there is some skepticism about administering the coronavirus vaccine (CVV). This research aimed to analyze the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics influencing vaccine hesitancy (VH) and refusal among Ghanaians. Methods: The multinomial logistics regression model was employed to investigate the relationship between respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics and VH. The research data were gathered between March to June 2021 through an online survey. Findings: The findings of this study indicated that approximately 92.75% of the 400 respondents have heard about CVV. The study suggests that less than 5% of the participants have so far received the CVV. Most of the respondents (36.8%) indicated rejecting the CVV. Interestingly, male participants [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.048; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.532–2.063] with higher educational backgrounds (AOR = 2.11; 95% CI: 0.870–5.121) had higher odds of being CVV hesitant or refusers. Low economic class, rural settlers, unmarried individuals, and unemployed people also had higher odds of being VH or refusers. The survey also shows that most Ghanaians refused to receive the CVV because they did not trust the system to track the vaccine’s side or adverse effects. Conclusion: Government can use social media platforms and other media platforms to effectively provide relevant information regarding the full benefit and risks of taking the virus.