bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of different fertilization conditions and different geographical locations on the diversity and composition of the rhizosphere microbiota of Qingke (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants in different growth stages
Authors: Wang Lei , Wang Handong , Liu Meijin , Xu Jinqing , Bian Haiyan , Chen Tongrui , You En , Deng Chao , Wei Youhai , Yang Tianyu , Shen Yuhu 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe excessive use of chemical fertilizer causes increasing environmental and food security crisis. Organic fertilizer improves physical and biological activities of soil. Rhizosphere microbiota, which consist of highly diverse microorganisms, play an important role in soil quality. However, there is limited information about the effects of different fertilization conditions on the growth of Qingke plants and composition of the rhizosphere microbiota of the plants.MethodsIn this study, we characterized the rhizosphere microbiota of Qingke plants grown in three main Qingke-producing areas (Tibet, Qinghai, and Gansu). In each of the three areas, seven different fertilization conditions (m1–m7, m1: Unfertilized; m2: Farmer Practice; m3: 75% Farmer Practice; m4: 75% Farmer Practice +25% Organic manure; m5: 50% Farmer Practice; m6: 50% Farmer Practice +50% Organic manure; m7: 100% Organic manure) were applied. The growth and yields of the Qingke plants were also compared under the seven fertilization conditions.ResultsThere were significant differences in alpha diversity indices among the three areas. In each area, differences in fertilization conditions and differences in the growth stages of Qingke plants resulted in differences in the beta diversity of the rhizosphere microbiota. Meanwhile, in each area, fertilization conditions, soil depths, and the growth stages of Qingke plants significantly affected the relative abundance of the top 10 phyla and the top 20 bacterial genera. For most of microbial pairs established through network analysis, the significance of their correlations in each of the microbial co-occurrence networks of the three experimental sites was different. Moreover, in each of the three networks, there were significant differences in relative abundance and genera among most nodes (i.e., the genera Pseudonocardia, Skermanella, Pseudonocardia, Skermanella, Aridibacter, and Illumatobacter). The soil chemical properties (i.e., TN, TP, SOM, AN, AK, CEC, Ca, and K) were positively or negatively correlated with the relative abundance of the top 30 genera derived from the three main Qingke-producing areas (p &lt; 0.05). Fertilization conditions markedly influenced the height of a Qingke plant, the number of spikes in a Qingke plant, the number of kernels in a spike, and the fresh weight of a Qingke plant. Considering the yield, the most effective fertilization conditions for Qingke is combining application 50% chemical fertilizer and 50% organic manure.ConclusionThe results of the present study can provide theoretical basis for practice of reducing the use of chemical fertilizer in agriculture.
Macrophage polarization during Streptococcus agalactiae infection is isolate specific
Authors: Janžič Larisa , Repas Jernej , Pavlin Mojca , Zemljić-Jokhadar Špela , Ihan Alojz , Kopitar Andreja Nataša 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionStreptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS), a Gram-positive commensal in healthy adults, remains a major cause of neonatal infections, usually manifesting as sepsis, meningitis, or pneumonia. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis has greatly reduced the incidence of early-onset disease. However, given the lack of effective measures to prevent the risk of late-onset disease and invasive infections in immunocompromised individuals, more studies investigating the GBS-associated pathogenesis and the interplay between bacteria and host immune system are needed.MethodsHere, we examined the impact of 12 previously genotyped GBS isolates belonging to different serotypes and sequence types on the immune response of THP-1 macrophages.ResultsFlow cytometry analysis showed isolate-specific differences in phagocytic uptake, ranging from 10% for isolates of serotype Ib, which possess the virulence factor protein β, to over 70% for isolates of serotype III. Different isolates also induced differential expression of co-stimulatory molecules and scavenger receptors with colonizing isolates inducing higher expression levels of CD80 and CD86 compared to invasive isolates. In addition, real-time measurements of metabolism revealed that macrophages enhanced both glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration after GBS infection, with isolates of serotype III being the most potent activators of glycolysis and glycolytic ATP production. Macrophages also showed differential resistance to GBS-mediated cell cytotoxicity as measured by LDH release and real-time microscopy. The differences were evident both between serotypes and between isolates obtained from different specimens (colonizing or invasive isolates) demonstrating the higher cytotoxicity of vaginal compared with blood isolates.ConclusionsThus, the data suggest that GBS isolates differ in their potential to become invasive or remain colonizing. In addition, colonizing isolates appear to be more cytotoxic, whereas invasive isolates appear to exploit macrophages to their advantage, avoiding the immune recognition and antibiotics.
Metabologenomics analysis of Pseudomonas sp. So3.2b, an Antarctic strain with bioactivity against Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Maimone Naydja Moralles , Junior Mario Cezar Pozza , de Oliveira Lucianne Ferreira Paes , Rojas-Villalta Dorian , de Lira Simone Possedente , Barrientos Leticia , Núñez-Montero Kattia 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPhytopathogenic fungi are a considerable concern for agriculture, as they can threaten the productivity of several crops worldwide. Meanwhile, natural microbial products are acknowledged to play an important role in modern agriculture as they comprehend a safer alternative to synthetic pesticides. Bacterial strains from underexplored environments are a promising source of bioactive metabolites.MethodsWe applied the OSMAC (One Strain, Many Compounds) cultivation approach, in vitro bioassays, and metabolo-genomics analyses to investigate the biochemical potential of Pseudomonas sp. So3.2b, a strain isolated from Antarctica. Crude extracts from OSMAC were analyzed through HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS, molecular networking, and annotation. The antifungal potential of the extracts was confirmed against Rhizoctonia solani strains. Moreover, the whole-genome sequence was studied for biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) identification and phylogenetic comparison.Results and DiscussionMolecular networking revealed that metabolite synthesis has growth media specificity, and it was reflected in bioassays results against R. solani. Bananamides, rhamnolipids, and butenolides-like molecules were annotated from the metabolome, and chemical novelty was also suggested by several unidentified compounds. Additionally, genome mining confirmed a wide variety of BGCs present in this strain, with low to no similarity with known molecules. An NRPS-encoding BGC was identified as responsible for producing the banamides-like molecules, while phylogenetic analysis demonstrated a close relationship with other rhizosphere bacteria. Therefore, by combining -omics approaches and in vitro bioassays, our study demonstrates that Pseudomonas sp. So3.2b has potential application to agriculture as a source of bioactive metabolites.
Characteristics and outcomes of fetal ventricular aneurysm and diverticulum: combining the use of a new technique, fetal HQ
Authors: Zhao Liqing , Wu Pengfei , Jiao Xianting , Zhang Minjie , Jing Wenhao , Wu Yurong , Chen Sun 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesCongenital ventricular aneurysms or diverticulum (VA/VD) are rare cardiac anomalies with lack prenatal evaluation data. The present study aimed to provide the prenatal characteristics and outcomes from a tertiary center and the use of new techniques to evaluate the shape and contractility of these fetuses.MethodsTen fetuses were diagnosed with VA or VD, and 30 control fetuses were enrolled. Fetal echocardiography was performed to make the diagnosis. The prenatal echo characteristics and follow-up data were carefully reviewed. The shape and contractility measurements of the four-chamber view (4CV) and both ventricles were measured and computed using fetal fetal heart quantification (HQ).ResultsA total of 10 fetuses were enrolled, including 4 cases of left ventricular diverticulum, 5 cases of left ventricular aneurysm, and 1 case of right ventricular aneurysm (RVA). Four cases chose to terminate the pregnancy. The RVA was associated with a perimembranous ventricular septal defect. Two cases had fetal arrhythmia, and one case had pericardial effusion. After birth, one case underwent surgical resection at five years old. The 4CV global sphericity index (SI) of free-wall located ventricular outpouching (VO) was significantly lower than the apical ones and the control group (p &lt; 0.01). Four of five apical left VOs had significant higher (&gt;95th centile) SI in base segments, and three of four left VOs in the free-wall had significant lower (&lt; 5th centile) SI in the majority of 24 segments. Compared to the control group, the left ventricle (LV) global longitudinal strain, ejection fraction, and fractional area change were significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.01), while the LV cardiac output of the cases was in the normal range. The transverse fraction shortening of the affected segments of ventricles was significantly lower than the other ventricle segments (p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionsFetal HQ is a promising technique to evaluate the shape and contractility of congenital ventricular aneurysm and diverticulum.
A novel platelet risk score for stratifing the tumor immunophenotypes, treatment responses and prognosis in bladder carcinoma: results from real-world cohorts
Authors: Deng Dingshan , Li Xiaowen , Qi Tiezheng , Dai Yuanqing , Liu Neng , Li Huihuang 
Published: May 2023

Background: Although the durable efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in BLCA has been confirmed in numerous studies, not all patients benefit from their application in the clinic. Platelets are increasingly being found to be closely associated with cancer progression and metastasis; however, their comprehensive role in BLCA remains unclear.Methods: We comprehensively explored platelet expression patterns in BLCA patients using an integrated set of 244 related genes. Correlations between these platelet patterns with tumor microenvironment (TME) subtypes, immune characteristics and immunotherapy efficacies were explored. In addition, a platelet risk score (PRS) was generated for individual prognosis and verified the ability to predict prognosis, precise TME phenotypes, and immunotherapy efficacies.Results: Genes were clustered into two patterns that represented different TME phenotypes and had the ability to predict immunotherapy efficacy. We constructed a PRS that could predict individual prognosis with satisfactory accuracy using TCGA-BLCA. The results remained consistent when PRS was validated in the GSE32894 and Xiangya cohort. Moreover, we found that our PRS was positively related to tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the TCGA-BLCA and Xiangya cohort. As expected, patients with higher PRS exhibited more sensitive to immunotherapy than patients with lower PRS. Finally, we discovered that a high PRS indicated a basal subtype of BLCA, whereas a low PRS indicated a luminal subtype.Conclusion: Platelet-related genes could predict TME phenotypes in BLCA. We constructed a PRS that could predict the TME, prognosis, immunotherapy efficacy, and molecular subtypes in BLCA.
Prevalence of common chronic disease and multimorbidity patterns in Guangdong province with three typical cultures: analysis of data from the Diverse Life-Course Cohort study
Authors: Hu Yaoda , He Huijing , Ou Qiong , Nai Jing , Pan Li , Chen Xingming , Tu Ji , Zeng Xuejun , Pei Guo , Wang Longlong , Lin Binbin , Liu Qihang , Shan Guangliang 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundVariations in the prevalence and pattern of multimorbidity might be attributable to lifestyle and environmental factors. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of common chronic diseases and to reveal multimorbidity patterns among adults in Guangdong province with Chaoshan, Hakka, and island cultures.MethodsWe used data collected at the baseline survey (April–May 2021) of the Diverse Life-Course Cohort study and included 5,655 participants aged ≥20 years. Multimorbidity was defined as the presence of two or more of the 14 chronic diseases collected by self-reports, physical examinations, and blood tests. Multimorbidity patterns were explored by association rule mining (ARM).ResultsOverall, 40.69% of participants had multimorbidity, and the prevalence among coastland (42.37%) and mountain residents (40.36%) was higher than that among island residents (37.97%). The prevalence of multimorbidity increased rapidly with higher age groups and showed an inflection point at 50 years, beyond which &gt;50% of the middle-aged and older adults had multimorbidity. The proportion of people with two chronic diseases accounted for most cases of multimorbidity, and the strongest association was found between hyperuricemia and gout (lift of 3.26). The most prevalent multimorbidity pattern was dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia in the coastland areas and dyslipidemia combined with hypertension in the mountain and island areas. Furthermore, the most common triad combination consisted of cardiovascular diseases, gout, and hyperuricemia, which was verified in the mountain and coastal areas.ConclusionThese observations of multimorbidity patterns, including the most frequent multimorbidity and associations, will help healthcare providers develop healthcare plans that improve the effectiveness of multimorbidity management.
Quantifying the contribution of 31 risk factors to the increasing prevalence of diabetes among US adults, 2005–2018
Authors: Huang Yue , Xu Yaqing , Qiao Yongxia , Wang Hui , Zhong Victor W. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionNo study has comprehensively quantified the individual and collective contributions of various risk factors to the growing burden of diabetes in the United States.MethodsThis study aimed to determine the extent to which an increase in the prevalence of diabetes was related to concurrent changes in the distribution of diabetes-related risk factors among US adults (aged 20 years or above and not pregnant). Seven cycles of series of cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data between 2005–2006 and 2017–2018 were included. The exposures were survey cycles and seven domains of risk factors, including genetic, demographic, social determinants of health, lifestyle, obesity, biological, and psychosocial domains. Using Poisson regressions, percent reduction in the β coefficient (the logarithm used to calculate the prevalence ratio for prevalence of diabetes in 2017–2018 vs. 2005–2006) was computed to assess the individual and collective contribution of the 31 prespecified risk factors and seven domains to the growing burden of diabetes.ResultsOf the 16,091 participants included, the unadjusted prevalence of diabetes increased from 12.2% in 2005–2006 to 17.1% in 2017–2018 [prevalence ratio: 1.40 (95% CI, 1.14–1.72)]. Individually, genetic domain [17.3% (95% CI, 5.4%−40.8%)], demographic domain [41.5% (95% CI, 24.4%−76.8%)], obesity domain [35.3% (95% CI, 15.8%−70.2%)], biological domain [46.2% (95% CI, 21.6%−79.1%)], and psychosocial domain [21.3% (95% CI, 9.5%−40.1%)] were significantly associated with a different percent reduction in β. After adjusting for all seven domains, the percent reduction in β was 97.3% (95% CI, 62.7%−164.8%).ConclusionThe concurrently changing risk factors accounted for the increasing diabetes prevalence. However, the contribution of each risk factor domain varied. Findings may inform planning cost-effective and targeted public health programs for diabetes prevention.
Digital dashboards visualizing public health data: a systematic review
Authors: Schulze Annett , Brand Fabian , Geppert Johanna , Böl Gaby-Fleur 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPublic health is not only threatened by diseases, pandemics, or epidemics. It is also challenged by deficits in the communication of health information. The current COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates that impressively. One way to deliver scientific data such as epidemiological findings and forecasts on disease spread are dashboards. Considering the current relevance of dashboards for public risk and crisis communication, this systematic review examines the state of research on dashboards in the context of public health risks and diseases.MethodNine electronic databases where searched for peer-reviewed journal articles and conference proceedings. Included articles (n= 65) were screened and assessed by three independent reviewers. Through a methodological informed differentiation between descriptive studies and user studies, the review also assessed the quality of included user studies (n= 18) by use of the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT).Results65 articles were assessed in regards to the public health issues addressed by the respective dashboards, as well as the data sources, functions and information visualizations employed by the different dashboards. Furthermore, the literature review sheds light on public health challenges and objectives and analyzes the extent to which user needs play a role in the development and evaluation of a dashboard. Overall, the literature review shows that studies that do not only describe the construction of a specific dashboard, but also evaluate its content in terms of different risk communication models or constructs (e.g., risk perception or health literacy) are comparatively rare. Furthermore, while some of the studies evaluate usability and corresponding metrics from the perspective of potential users, many of the studies are limited to a purely functionalistic evaluation of the dashboard by the respective development teams.ConclusionThe results suggest that applied research on public health intervention tools like dashboards would gain in complexity through a theory-based integration of user-specific risk information needs.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=200178, identifier: CRD42020200178.
Long-term care units: a Portuguese study about the functional profile
Authors: Fonseca César , Ramos Ana , Morgado Bruno , Quaresma Paulo , Garcia-Alonso José , Coelho Anabela , Lopes Manuel 
Published: May 2023

Aim: In this study, we analyze the relationship between the functional profile of older people admitted to long-term care units in Portugal and some demographic variables such as education level, sex, and age as well as the emotional state of mind.Methods: A sample of 59,516 older people from the National Network of Integrated Continuous Care of Portugal were analyzed in this longitudinal study. All the retrospective data of the older people were collected during the period of hospitalization at the long-term care units. The database records of these units were analyzed, and a functional profile spanning the period of hospitalization was calculated.Results: Activities of daily living and cognitive states improved, in the first 90 days of hospitalization, while mobility and instrumental activities of daily living worsened for the same period of 90 days. Generally, there was a decline in all domains after 450 days of hospitalization. The older women that did not attend school, those over 85 years old, and those who suffered from anxiety were pre-dominantly placed in the group of those with greater dependence (severe/complete dependence).Conclusion: The participants hospitalized between 90 and 360 days presented the best results in the long-term care units of the National Network of Integrated Continuous Care of Portugal. With this study, we highlight the importance of evaluating the functional status of persons in long-term hospitalizations and the influence exerted by the level of education on the recovery and rehabilitation of dependence.
Optimizing the Better Nights, Better Days for Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders program for large scale implementation
Authors: Ilie Alzena , Orr Matt , Weiss Shelly , Smith Isabel M. , Reid Graham J. , Hanlon-Dearman Ana , Brown Cary , Constantin Evelyn , Godbout Roger , Shea Sarah , Ipsiroglu Osman S. , Corkum Penny V. 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivePediatric insomnia is one of the most commonly reported disorders, especially in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.Better Nights, Better Days for Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders(BNBD-NDD) is a transdiagnostic, self-guided, eHealth behavioral sleep intervention developed for parents of children with NDDs ages 4–12 years with insomnia. After usability testing, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of theBNBD-NDDprogram. By interviewing RCT participants after their outcome measures were collected, we sought to determine the barriers and facilitators that affect the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of theBNBD-NDDintervention, as well as to assess whether barriers and facilitators differ across levels of engagement with the program and NDD groups.MethodTwenty parents who had been randomized to the treatment condition of the RCT participated in this study. These parents participated in virtual semi-structured qualitative interviews about their experiences with theBNBD-NDDprogram. Rapid analysis was used, in which one researcher facilitated the interview, and another simultaneously coded the interview using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.ResultsOverall, more facilitators than barriers were identified for Reach, Effectiveness, Implementation, and Maintenance, whereas for Adoption more barriers emerged. Participants who were engaged reported more facilitators about theBNBD-NDDprogram design and behavior change, while unengaged participants mentioned needing more support to help facilitate their use of the program. Lastly, parents of children with ASD reported more facilitators and more barriers than did parents of children with ADHD.ConclusionWith this feedback from participants, we can optimizeBNBD-NDDfor large-scale implementation, by modifying the program to better support parents, helping them implement the strategies effectively at home, and increasing the accessibility of this evidence-based treatment.