bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of pediatric fistula-in-ano—Sphincter-sparing non-cutting seton placement as the future treatment of choice?
Authors: Besendörfer Manuel , Langer Laurin , Carbon Roman , Weiss Christel , Müller Hanna , Diez Sonja 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundTherapeutic principles of fistula-in-ano (FIA) are lacking evidence-based consensus on treatment options. Non-cutting, sphincter-sparing options have not been published for infancy and childhood FIA.Patients and methodsWe are presenting retrospective data on FIA treatment with non-cutting seton placement between 2011 and 2020. Data were collected based on medical records and complemented by patients’ contact for follow-up analyses between November 2021 and October 2022. Data were analyzed regarding the outcome variables of recurrent FIA and recurrent perianal abscess. Furthermore, outcomes in different age groups were compared (&lt;1/1.5–12 years of age).ResultsTreatment duration with non-cutting seton was at a median of 4.6 months and was not associated with recurrent FIA (p = 0.8893). Overall recurrence rate of FIA within an observation time of 9 months postsurgically was at 7% (n = 3/42) and was only seen in infancy, whereas recurrent perianal abscess was mainly observable in children (n = 2, p = 0.2132). Comparison of age groups revealed no significant differences. Of the 42 included patients, 37 responded in the follow-up analysis, resulting in a response rate of 88% with a median follow-up time of 4.9 years. Fecal incontinence was postsurgically only seen in two patients, who were diagnosed prior to surgery and symptoms remained unchanged.ConclusionsNon-cutting seton placement might be a promising option in the treatment of FIA in infancy and childhood. Perioperative settings like duration of placed seton and antibiotic treatment have to be discussed in further prospective, enlarged population-based studies.
Total versus inhaled intravenous anesthesia methods for prognosis of patients with lung, breast, or esophageal cancer: A cohort study
Authors: Che Xiangming , Li Tianzuo 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the influences of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and inhaled-intravenous anesthesia on the prognosis of patients with lung, breast, or esophageal cancer.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, patients with lung, breast, or esophageal cancer who underwent surgical treatments at Beijing Shijitan Hospital between January 2010 and December 2019 were included. The patients were categorized into the TIVA group and inhaled-intravenous anesthesia group, according to the anesthesia methods used for the patients for surgery of the primary cancer. The primary outcome of this study included overall survival (OS) and recurrence/metastasis.ResultsTotally, 336 patients were included in this study, 119 in the TIVA group and 217 in the inhaled-intravenous anesthesia group. The OS of patients in the TIVA group was higher than in the inhaled-intravenous anesthesia group (P = 0.042). There were no significant differences in the recurrence/metastasis-free survival between the two groups (P = 0.296). Inhaled-intravenous anesthesia (HR = 1.88, 95%CI: 1.15–3.07, P = 0.012), stage III cancer (HR = 5.88, 95%CI: 2.57–13.43, P &lt; 0.001), and stage IV cancer (HR = 22.60, 95%CI: 8.97–56.95, P &lt; 0.001) were independently associated with recurrence/ metastasis. Comorbidities (HR = 1.75, 95%CI: 1.05–2.92, P = 0.033), the use of ephedrine, noradrenaline or phenylephrine during surgery (HR = 2.12, 95%CI: 1.11–4.06, P = 0.024), stage II cancer (HR = 3.24, 95%CI: 1.08–9.68, P = 0.035), stage III cancer (HR = 7.60, 95%CI: 2.64–21.86, P &lt; 0.001), and stage IV cancer (HR = 26.61, 95%CI: 8.57–82.64, P &lt; 0.001) were independently associated with OS.ConclusionIn patients with breast, lung, or esophageal cancer, TIVA is preferable than inhaled-intravenous anesthesia group for longer OS,, but TIVA was not associated with the recurrence/metastasis-free survival of patients.
Cerebral oximetry monitoring by means of INVOS-4100 as a predictor of ischemic events during carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Russo Maria Francesca , Gentile Patrizia , Fenga Marco , Izzo Silvia , Denaro Flavia , Luka Klaudia , Frattaroli Flaminia , Costanzo Alessandro , Castagneto-Gissey Lidia , Salvati Bruno 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundSeveral methods have been proposed to monitor cerebral perfusion during carotid endarterectomy (CEA), with the purpose of minimizing the risk of perioperative stroke. The INVOS-4100 is able to detect cerebral oxygen saturation providing an intraoperative real-time monitoring system of cerebral oximetry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the INVOS-4100 in predicting cerebral ischemia during CEA.MethodsBetween January 2020 and May 2022, 68 consecutive patients were scheduled for CEA either under general anesthesia or regional anesthesia with deep and superficial cervical block. Vascular oxygen saturation was recorded continually through INVOS before and during clamping of the ICA. Awake testing was performed in the group of patients undergoing CEA under regional anesthesia.ResultsSixty-eight patients were included; 43 were males (63.2%). Severe stenosis of the artery was present in 92%. Forty-one (60.3%) patients were monitored by INVOS, while 22 (39.7%) underwent awake testing. Mean clamping time was 20 ± 6.6 min. Patients undergoing awake testing had a lower hospital stay and ICU stay during admission (p = 0.011 and p = 0.007 respectively). Comorbidities correlated with a higher ICU stay (p &lt; 0.05). The INVOS monitoring was able to predict ischemic events with a sensitivity of 98% (AUC = 0.976).ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that cerebral oximetry monitoring was a strong predictor of cerebral ischemia, although it was not possible to determine the non-inferiority of cerebral oximetry compared to awake testing. Nonetheless, the use of cerebral oximetry evaluates only perfusion in the superficial brain tissue and an absolute rSO2 value corresponding to significant cerebral ischemia has not been established. Therefore, larger prospective studies that correlate cerebral oximetry with neurologic outcomes are needed.
Age and Growth Characteristics of Okamejei kenojei in the West Sea of South Korea According to Coronal Vertebral Microstructure
Authors: Youn Byoung-Il , Choi Dong-Hyuk , Roh Tae-Hyoung , Lee Seung-Hwan , Han Kyeong-Ho , Kwon Dae-Hyeon , Kim Maeng-Jin 
Published: April 2023

In this study, the growth and age characteristics of Okamejei kenojei in the West Sea of South Korea were examined, and specimens were collected by bottom trawls from January to December 2019. The relationship between disc width (L) and body weight (W) was W = 6.1 × 10−3 L3.40. Age was determined by measuring annuli on the vertebral centrum surface, which forms around June every year. The spawning period was extrapolated from monthly changes of the gonadosomatic index in June–July. The relationship between the vertebral centrum radius and disc width, which was analyzed separately for females and males, was determined as L = 16.159R0.6145 and L = 15.543R0.6851, respectively. Finally, O. kenojei growth, that is, the disc width (L) at a certain age (t), was expressed using the von Bertalanffy growth equation as Lt = 58.70(1 − e−0.21(t+0.12)) for females and Lt = 53.94(1 − e−0.26(t+0.05)) for males. This study provides basic data on the age characteristics of O. kenojei for future research and more efficient fish stock management.
Hydraulic calculation of group water intakes on underground wells equipped with pumps with variable speed drives
Authors: Баранчикова Н.И. , Епифанов С.П. , Дытте А.Г. 
Published: April 2023

Применение частотных преобразователей на групповых водозаборах из подземных источников в системах водоснабжения направлено на экономию электроэнергии, организацию эффективных режимов, повышение технологичности управления, однако без достаточного обоснования не всегда приводит к желаемому результату. Одной из причин этого является отсутствие расчета с помощью эффективной математической модели, описывающей движение воды в водоносных горизонтах, скважинах, водоподъемных трубах и сборных коллекторах с учетом всех необходимых ограничений, в том числе на параметры режима при использовании частотных преобразователей на части или на всех погружных насосах. Модель представлена в виде задачи оптимизации, в которой целевая функция является суммарной потребляемой мощностью всеми погружными насосами, участвующими в работе. Предлагаемая оптимизационная модель позволяет описывать режимы функционирования групповых водозаборов от границы контура питания водозабора до резервуаров. Все ограничения задачи оптимизации можно разделить на три непересекающиеся группы: балансовые, технологические и режимные. Вычислив расходы электроэнергии по всем значимым режимам в течение года и сравнив их с затратами при существующих режимах без использования частотных преобразователей, можно сделать обоснованный вывод о целесообразности применения частотного электропривода, в том числе на один или несколько погружных насосов. Предложенная модель позволяет осуществлять организацию не только эффективных, но и технологически допустимых режимов.
The use of variable speed drives at group water intakes on underground sources in water supply systems is aimed at saving electricity, ensuring efficient operation modes, improving the management engineering; however, without sufficient justification the desired result is not always effected. One of the reasons is the lack of calculation using an effective mathematical model that describes the movement of water in aquifers, wells, lift pipes and gathering mains, taking into account all the existing limitations, including the mode parameters while using variable speed drives in some or in all submersible pumps. The model is submitted in the form of an optimization task where the target function is the total power input of all the operating submersible pumps. The proposed optimization model provides for describing the modes of the group water intakes operating from the intake external boundary to the tanks. All the limitations of the optimization task can be divided into three non-overlapping groups as follows: balance, technologic, and performance ones. Having calculated the electricity consumption for all significant modes during the year and compared them with the costs at the existing modes without variable speed drives, we can make a reasonable conclusion about the applicability of a variable speed drive in one or more submersible pumps. The proposed model provides for arranging both efficient and technologically allowable operating modes.
Experience of all-season use of FOPS®-K filter to remove debris from the surface runoff of a residential area
Authors: Греков М.А. , Елагин С.В. , Козинец Г.Л. , Чечевичкин В.Н. , Леонов Л.В. , Клоков А.И. , Чечевичкин А.В. , Якунин Л.А. 
Published: April 2023

На селитебных территориях, являющихся местом проживания и разнообразной деятельности населения, образуется значительное количество твердых материалов различного происхождения и дисперсности, которые могут быть определены как мусор (или городской смёт – для дорог). При взаимодействии с атмосферными осадками этот мусор попадает в централизованные системы водоотведения, что нарушает их работу («Правила холодного водоснабжения и водоотведения»). Для решения данной проблемы были проведены экспериментальные исследования по оценке возможностей удаления мусора из поверхностного стока с помощью фильтра ФОПС®-К (корзинного типа). В качестве экспериментальной селитебной территории, на которую поступал мусор биологического, антропогенного и техногенного происхождения, была выбрана площадка кампуса университета. Результаты тестовых испытаний фильтра ФОПС®-К в течение двух циклов (каждый по 12 месяцев) показали, что его применение обеспечивает очистку поверхностного стока не только от крупного мусора, но и от значительной части песка (3/4 сухой общей массы) до размера исключения 0,04 мм. Установлено, что все компоненты мусора, собранные фильтром, содержат нефтепродукты в количестве 3–66,3 г/кг. В процессе испытаний удаление мусора из фильтра ФОПС®-К проводилось периодически (один раз в 3 месяца).
In residential areas that are places of residence and various activities of the population, a significant amount of solid materials of various origin and dispersion is formed that can be defined as debris (or municipal sweepings for roads). While interacting with atmospheric precipitation, this debris enters public wastewater disposal systems disrupting their operation («Rules for cold water supply and wastewater disposal»). To solve this problem, experimental studies were carried out to estimate possible removing debris from surface runoff using a FOPS®-K filter (basket type). The premises of the university campus was chosen as an experimental residential area where debris of biological, anthropogenic and technogenic origin accumulated. The results of testing FOPS®-K filter for two cycles (each for 12 months) showed that using the filter provided for removing not only large debris but also a significant part of the sand (3/4 of the total dry matter) from the surface runoff up to the size except 0.04 mm. It was established that all components of the debris captured by the filter contained 3–66.3 g/kg of oil products. During the tests, the debris was regularly removed from FOPS®-K filter (once every 3 months).
Wastewater sludge: secondary raw materials or by-products?
Authors: Самбурский Г.А. , Шкаредо В.А. , Эпштейн А.Д. , Максимова А.С. 
Published: April 2023

Анализируются вопросы развития нормативного регулирования обращения с осадками сточных вод. Даются рекомендации для организаций водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства по отнесению прошедших обработку осадков сточных вод к побочному продукту производства или к вторичному ресурсу. Отмечается, что анонсированный Минприроды России переход к экономике замкнутого цикла требует развития нормативно-правовой базы, однако паспорт федерального проекта «Экономика замкнутого цикла» и презентационные материалы Минэкономразвития РФ и публично-правовой компании «Российский экологический оператор» ограничивают вопросы экономики замкнутого цикла исключительно задачами в сфере обращения с отходами, что несет в себе высокие риски значительных издержек, связанных с признанием осадков сточных вод отходом. Введение новых, нормативно закрепленных понятий «вторичное сырье» и «побочный продукт производства» должно сыграть решающую роль в развитии регулирования процессов обращения с осадками сточных вод и вовлечения их в хозяйственную деятельность в качестве товаров.
The issues of developing statutory regulation for wastewater sludge treatment are analyzed. Recommendations are given for water supply and wastewater disposal providers on classifying treated wastewater sludge as a by-product or a secondary resource. It is noted that the transition to a circular economy announced by the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia involves the development of a regulatory framework; however, the passport of the federal project «Circular Economy» and presentation materials of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation and the public-law company «Russian Ecological Operator» reduce the issues of the circular economy exclusively to the tasks in waste management, which carries high risks of significant costs associated with referring wastewater sludge to wastes. The introduction of new, statutory formalized concepts of «secondary raw materials» and «by-products of production» should play a decisive role in developing the regulation of wastewater sludge handling processes and using it in the economic activities as goods.
Reconfiguration of nondestructively readable superconductor memory by direct injection of magnetic flux to storage loop
Authors: Yamanashi Yuki , Hosoya Takuya , Yoshikawa Nobuyuki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate a novel method for the reconfiguration of a nondestructively readable memory cell for superconductor integrated circuits. The proposed reconfiguration method involves the direct injection of flux quantum to the storage loop of the memory cell, which has been achieved using interface circuits in previous studies. By applying this method, the footprint of the superconductor memory cell can be reduced by half. We experimentally demonstrate the proof-of-concept of the investigated reconfiguration method. We expect that the memory cell reconfigured using the proposed method will be suitable for building large-scale lookup tables using superconductor circuits.
Observation of a narrow thermal channel connected to the anode during dark periods in long positive sparks
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Xiankang , Zhao Xiangen , Xie Shijun , Liu Xiaopeng , Yao Yao , Du Yaping , He Junjia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Optical and thermal characteristics of discharge channels during dark periods are observed by a high-sensitivity experimental platform. A narrow thermal channel is found to act as a bridge to connect the residual discharge channel to the anode. Compared to the residual hot channel, the narrow thermal channel exhibits marked differences in thermal evolutions, maintaining temperature of about 800 K and a thermal diameter of 0.8 mm. The narrow channel is expected to correspond to the weak luminosity with ionization activity on optical images, supporting the hypothesis that the reactivation of discharge channels in restrike originates from the channel tip.
High-speed etching of gallium nitride substrate using hydrogen-contained atmospheric-pressure plasma
Authors: Sano Yasuhisa , Nakaue Genta , Toh Daisetsu , Yamada Jumpei , Yamauchi Kazuto 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Atmospheric-pressure plasma etching of a gallium nitride (GaN) substrate using hydrogen radicals instead of chlorine radicals was investigated toward the backside thinning of GaN vertical power devices to reduce on-resistance. As a basic experiment, a pipe-shaped electrode was placed facing the GaN substrate to generate atmospheric-pressure plasma of a gas mixture of helium and hydrogen and high-speed etching of approximately 4 μm min−1 was achieved. Although many spherical Ga metal particles were observed on the surface after processing, the addition of oxygen gas was found to be able to suppress them.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMASARAN MELALUI SOSIAL MEDIA BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI KONSUMEN DI TOKO DIZLA LAND HIJAB STORE DENGAN PENDEKATAN METODE AISAS
Authors: Widodo Gempita , Bahrun Khairul 
Published: April 2023

The development of technology is utilized by various sectors in facilitating the work process. One of the phenomena in society is the use of social media as a media for promotion or marketing. One of the business actors in Bengkulu who uses this technique is the Dizla Land Hijab Store Store. With 15,000 Instagram followers, the store often promotes the latest products through its social media.. This research was conducted in June 2022, at the Dizla Land Hijab Store Bengkulu store, the object of this research is the Instagram social media followers of the Dizla Land Hijab Store store. With quantitative descriptive methods and sampling in research. With the random sampling method, the sample taken amounted to 92 respondents which was calculated using the Slovin formula. And the effectiveness analysis used in this study is the AISAS method. From the results of research that has been carried out, the level of Effectiveness of Online Marketing Based on Social Media at the Dizla Land Hijab Store Bengkulu Store is 82.04% or categorized as very effective. The attention dimension has an effectiveness value of 75.3% in the effective category, the Interest dimension has an effectiveness value of 80.3% in the Very effective category, the Search dimension has an effectiveness value of 84.61% in the Very effective category, the action dimension has an effectiveness value. of 91.3% in the Very effective category and the Share dimension has an effectiveness value of 78.4%. in the effective category.
Keyword: social media, marketing, Effectiveness
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR KECAMATAN AIR DIKIT KABUPATEN MUKOMUKO
Authors: Islamuddin Islamuddin , Sari Pina Nopta Manda 
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze whether there is an effect of motivation and work discipline on employee performance at the Air Dikit district office, Mukomuko Regency. This research is categorized as quantitative research with instruments in the form of questionnaires and documentation. The population in this study were all 32 employees of the water sub-district office in mukomuko district. The sample in this study is to take the population or as many as 32 samples. The data used in this study are primary data obtained through questionnaires and secondary data obtained by related agencies and journals to support this research. The instrument validity test used the Bivariate Correclation formula, while the reliability test used Cronbach Alpha. The measuring instrument proved to be valid and reliable for the research instrument. Multiple regression analysis was used to test the hypothesis of this study. The results of this study indicate that motivation has a significant effect on employee performan ce by thit > ttabel (5.845 > 2.04523) and (sig < = 0.000 < 0.050). Discipline has a significant effect on employee performance by thit > ttabel (3.233 > 2.04523) and (sig < = 0.003 < 0.050). motivation and work discipline simultaneously have a significant eff ect on employee performance with the regression equation Y = -3.279 + 0.785 (X1) + 0.252 (X2) , hypothesis testing is obtained that F_count is 20,905 with an F_table value of 3.322 which means that F_count > F_table that is (20,905 > 3.322) and (sig = 0.000< 0.050).
Keywords: Motivation, Work Discipline and Employee Performance
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN, KERJASAMA TIM DAN KOMUNIKASI TERHADAP MOTIVASI KERJA DI PT. BSP CABANG AIR MURING
Authors: Saputra Yoga Dwi , Setiadi Yulius Wahyu 
Published: April 2023

This study aims 1) To determine whether there is an influence of leadership style on work motivation at PT. BSP Air Muring Branch? 2) To find out whether there is an effect of teamwork on work motivation at PT. BSP Air Muring Branch? 3) To find out whether there is an effect of employee communication on work motivation at PT. BSP Air Muring Branch? 4) To find out whether there is an influence of leadership style, teamwork and employee communication on work motivation at PT. BSP Air Muring Branch?. This type of research is a quantitative approach. The method used in this research is descriptive method. The population in this study were all employees at PT. BSP Air Muring Branch has 400 employees. a sample of 90 people PT. BSP Air Muring Branch. Based on the results of research on leadership style has an effect on employee motivation, Teamwork affects work motivation and Communication has an effect on work motivation. Leadership style, teamwork and communication together affect employee work motivation.
Keywords: Leadership style, Teamwork, Communication, Work motivation,