bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric properties of the German Penn Alcohol Craving Scale
Authors: Nakovics Helmut , Hoffmann Sabine , Koopmann Anne , Bach Patrick , Abel Martin , Sommer Wolfgang H , Kiefer Falk , Weinland Christian , von Zimmermann Claudia , Siegmann Eva-Maria , Kornhuber Johannes , Mühle Christiane , Schneider Udo , Toto Sermin , Hillemacher Thomas , Frieling Helge , Bleich Stefan , Eberlein Christian K , Lenz Bernd 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Craving for alcohol is an important diagnostic criterion in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and an established predictor of future relapse. The 5-item Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) is one of the most widely used questionnaires to quantify craving and has been translated into different languages. It is assumed that the PACS constitutes one factor, although theoretical considerations suggest an additional second factor. We conducted stability and factor analyses (principal component and confirmatory factor analyses) of the German PACS (PACS-G) in samples of patients with AUD from the following three German study sites: Erlangen, N = 188 (mean age: 47.1 years, 43.5% female); Mannheim, N = 440 (45.5 years, 28.6% female); Hannover, N = 107 (48.1 years, 48.6% female). In our samples, the 2-factor solution of the PACS-G version is more stable than the internationally assumed 1-factor solution. The resulting two PACS-G subscores ‘difficulty to resist’ (items 4 and 5) and ‘thoughts about alcohol’ (items 1, 2, and 3) have an internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) of 0.80 ≤ α ≤ 0.90, m = 0.86 and 0.86 ≤ α ≤ 0.91, m = 0.89 with an overlap of R2 = 62%. We found good convergent validity assessed via the Craving Automatized Scale-Alcohol and the Obsessive-Compulsive Drinking Scale, but also correlations with depression and anxiety assessed via the Beck’s Depression and Anxiety Inventories. This study is the first to provide evidence for a 2-factor solution (‘difficulty to resist’ and ‘thoughts about alcohol’) underlying the PACS-G version.
Perceptions of lung function surveillance in urban firefighters
Authors: Pendergrast Catherine , Boyle Terry , Crockett Alan J , Eston Roger , Johnston Kylie N 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and objective
Workplace health and safety (WHS) is an important responsibility falling on both employers and employees and is most effective when the perspectives of all stakeholders are considered. This study aimed to explore the facilitators and barriers to a voluntary workplace lung function surveillance program from the perspective of urban firefighters and describe their perceptions of its value.

Methods
Using a qualitative, descriptive methodology, firefighters who had participated in a longitudinal lung function surveillance study were invited to participate in semi-structured interviews. Purposeful, maximum variation sampling was used to achieve diversity in those firefighters invited to participate. We used inductive content analysis to identify themes.

Results
Interviews with 15 firefighters identified 3 main themes: (i) practical experience of surveillance (administration, communication, workplace culture change, convenience, acceptability, and appeal); (ii) value of surveillance (lung health efficacy and control, social support, workplace management support/motivations, contribution to global firefighter health); and (iii) contribution of surveillance to health (occupational risk, relevance in the context of total health, workability, and fitness and future value).

Conclusion
Practical and psychosocial facilitators and barriers to providing lung function surveillance in the fire service were identified. In addition to the personal benefits of detecting adverse lung health and allowing for medical intervention, factors known to positively influence firefighter workplace wellbeing, such as providing peace of mind, feedback on good work practices, motivation to utilize control measures, management commitment to health, and providing data to assist with global knowledge were valued aspects of longitudinal lung function surveillance.
Anemochorous and zoochorous seeds of trees from the Brazilian savannas differ in fatty acid content and composition
Authors: Franco Augusto Cesar , de Melo Risolandia Bezerra , Ferreira Cristiane Silva , Williams Thomas Christopher Rhys 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) stored as triacylglycerols (TAGs) are an important source of carbon and energy for germination and seedling development, particularly for plants with small wind-dispersed seeds, allowing greater efficiency in storing both energy and carbon. These plants should be under strong selection to produce seeds rich in FAs and with large amounts of saturated FAs. Their closely packed single-chain configuration allows greater packing, more carbon and energy per unit mass, and are less costly to produce. Efficient carbon storage would be less crucial for zoochorous species, which can reach much larger seed sizes (mass). We analysed the transesterified FA profile from seeds of 22 anemochorous and zoochorous tree species from the Cerrado savannas of Central Brazil. We tested if seed FA content covaried with seed mass and if anemochorous and zoochorous seeds differed in FA contents and distribution. Fatty acids were an important seed source of carbon and energy for most species. Fifteen different FAs were identified. Oleic, linoleic and linolenic tended to be the predominant unsaturated FAs. Oleic acid corresponded to more than 60 % of the total transesterified FAs in seeds of Kielmeyera coriacea, Qualea dichotoma and Triplaris americana. Linoleic acid corresponded to more than 50 % of total FA in Dalbergia miscolobium, Parkia platycephala and Ferdinandusa elliptica while linolenic acid was the dominant component in Inga cylindrica. Across species, palmitic and stearic were the dominant saturated FAs. The only exception was lauric acid (68 % of total FA) in seeds of Qualea grandiflora. On a log10 scale, as the seed increased in mass, accumulation of FAs tends to proceed at a faster rate in anemochorous species than in zoochorous species. They also became increasingly richer in saturated FAs. Zoochorous species had seed TAGs with higher proportion of polyunsaturated FAs.
Can State Offices Reclaim Kichwa? Intercultural Bilingual Education Politics and Policy in Ecuador Over Decades
Authors: Limerick Nicholas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
What opportunities and challenges occur in reclaiming Indigenous languages within state institutions? This article considers the case of intercultural bilingual education in Ecuador. The school system is remarkable as a national-level initiative run by and for Indigenous pueblos and nationalities. Based primarily on two years of ethnographic research in the national directorate offices of the school system and in schools, I describe three challenges that have arisen for directors that are linked to national state offices and expectations. Ultimately, Kichwa is more prominent than ever even as national planning and support changes Kichwa. The case shows contradictions of institutions in language revitalization efforts.
Ablation of the carboxy-terminal end of MAMDC2 causes a distinct muscular dystrophy
Authors: Mavillard Fabiola , Servian-Morilla Emilia , Dofash Lein , Rojas-Marcos Iñigo , Folland Chiara , Monahan Gavin , Gutierrez-Gutierrez Gerardo , Rivas Eloy , Hernández-Lain Aurelio , Valladares Amador , Cantero Gloria , Morales Jose M , Laing Nigel G , Paradas Carmen , Ravenscroft Gianina , Cabrera-Serrano Macarena 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) has an important role in the development and maintenance of skeletal muscle, and several muscle diseases are associated with the dysfunction of ECM elements. MAMDC2 is a putative ECM protein and its role in cell proliferation has been investigated in certain cancer types. However, its participation in skeletal muscle physiology has not been previously studied.
We describe 17 individuals with an autosomal dominant muscular dystrophy belonging to two unrelated families in which different heterozygous truncating variants in the last exon of MAMDC2 co-segregate correctly with the disease. The radiological aspect of muscle involvement resembles that of COL6 myopathies with fat replacement at the peripheral rim of vastii muscles. In this cohort, a subfascial and peri-tendinous pattern is observed in upper and lower limb muscles. Here we show that MAMDC2 is expressed in adult skeletal muscle and differentiating muscle cells, where it appears to localize to the sarcoplasm and myonuclei. In addition, we show it is secreted by myoblasts and differentiating myotubes into to the extracellular compartment. The last exon encodes a disordered region with a polar residue compositional bias loss of which likely induces a toxic effect of the mutant protein. The precise mechanisms by which the altered MAMDC2 proteins cause disease remains to be determined.
MAMDC2 is a skeletal muscle disease-associated protein. Its role in muscle development and ECM-muscle communication remains to be fully elucidated. Screening of the last exon of MAMDC2 should be considered in patients presenting with autosomal dominant muscular dystrophy, particularly in those with a subfascial radiological pattern of muscle involvement.
Effects of cholinesterase inhibition on attention and working memory in Lewy body dementias
Authors: Fallon Sean James , Plant Olivia , Tabi Younes A , Manohar Sanjay G , Husain Masud 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cholinesterase inhibitors are frequently used to treat cognitive symptoms in Lewy body dementias (Parkinson’s disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies). However, the selectivity of their effects remains unclear. In a novel rivastigmine withdrawal design, Parkinson’s disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies patients were tested twice: once when taking rivastigmine as usual and once when they had missed one dose. In each session, they performed a suite of tasks (sustained attention, simple short-term recall, distractor resistance and manipulating the focus of attention) that allowed us to investigate the cognitive mechanisms through which rivastigmine affects attentional control. Consistent with previous literature, rivastigmine withdrawal significantly impaired attentional efficacy (quicker response latencies without a change in accuracy). However, it had no effects on cognitive control as assessed by the ability to withhold a response (inhibitory control). Worse short-term memory performance was also observed when patients were OFF rivastigmine, but these effects were delay and load independent, likely due to impaired visual attention. In contrast to previous studies that have examined the effects of dopamine withdrawal, cognitively complex tasks requiring control over the contents of working memory (ignoring, updating or shifting the focus of attention) were not significantly impaired by rivastigmine withdrawal. Cumulatively, these data support that the conclusion that cholinesterase inhibition has relatively specific and circumscribed—rather than global—effects on attention that may also affect performance on simple short-term memory tasks, but not when cognitive control over working memory is required. The results also indicate that the withdrawal of a single dose of rivastigmine is sufficient to reveal these impairments, demonstrating that cholinergic withdrawal can be an informative clinical as well as an investigative tool.
Outer Space: From Sanctuary to Warfighting Domain?
Authors: SU Jinyuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
At the early stage of humankind’s Space Age, the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the United States of America showed an inclination to non-militarize outer space, but distrust also prompted them to carry out a series of high-altitude nuclear tests. In the end, while the non-militarization aspiration materialized on celestial bodies, in the outer void space between them only Weapons of Mass Destruction were prohibited. The last few decades have witnessed the incremental militarization of the Earth orbits. The initial phase of militarization, primarily for surveillance and early warning, was conducive to international peace and security. It is in the next phase, when space systems were integrated into warfighting capabilities and Ballistic Missile Defense systems, that outer space embarked on its reduction into a domain of conflicts. This trend was subtle in the immediate aftermath of the Cold War, and didn’t become clear until the new millennium when new space powers emerged. Today, space-based weapons and terrestrial Anti-Satellite Weapons (ASATs) form the primary security concerns for space powers, depending on their relative space capability. The disparity is difficult to reconcile, putting space arms control literally on a halt. As States with counter-space capability are also highly reliant on space, there is a growing voluntary moratorium against the test and use of debris-generating ASATs and conflicts in space are likely to take an electronic and/or cyber form. The recent rise of the strategy of “deterrence and superiority” in space, however, may distract from the formation of this voluntary moratorium, aggravate an arms race in outer space, and even increase the risk of a full-scale conflict in space.
Treatment of left main coronary artery compression in the setting of unpalliated congenital heart disease: a case series
Authors: Goli Rahul , Ya’Qoub Lina , Blusztein David , Mahadevan Vaikom S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Left main coronary artery compression syndrome (LMCS) is a well-characterized phenomenon resulting from compression of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) between the aorta and an enlarged pulmonary arterial trunk. The development of LMCS is usually described in the context of severe pulmonary arterial hypertension. Cases of LMCS, in the context of unpalliated congenital heart disease (CHD), are complex clinical scenarios that challenge traditional treatment paradigms.

Case summary
Here, we discuss two thought-provoking patients with unpalliated CHD complicated by severe pulmonary hypertension (PH). Both patients developed LMCS, one with severe non-ST elevation myocardial infarction and the other with refractory angina. Their pulmonary vascular resistance was severely elevated despite pulmonary vasodilator therapy, and concomitant surgical correction of their CHD in addition to bypass grafting was deemed high risk. They underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the LMCA with drug-eluting stents.

Discussion
Pulmonary hypertension can develop in the setting of long-standing unpalliated CHD. Surgical correction of congenital heart defects may be performed in select patients with systemic-to-pulmonary shunts, contingent on the status of PH severity. Pulmonary vasodilator therapy modulates haemodynamics to ensure surgical correction without risk of cardiopulmonary demise—termed the ‘treat and repair’ strategy. LMCS, an increasingly recognized phenomenon in patients with long-standing PH, is a notable complicating factor in the ‘treat and repair’ strategy. We introduce the concept that PCI of the LMCA may bridge patients to corrective surgery for CHD by allowing time for optimization of their pulmonary vasodilator therapy.
Kratom use disorder: case reports on successful treatment with home induction of buprenorphine-naloxone.
Authors: Kiyokawa Miki , Kwon Anthony K , Cape Micaiah C , Streltzer Jon M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Kratom has been used for different reasons such as pain, opioid withdrawal, and relaxation. Kratom can cause dependence and overdose, and it’s classified under ‘drugs of concern’ by the US Drug Enforcement Administration. Despite these concerns, kratom is legal in most of the United States and many countries around the world with easy accessibility. Literature searches reveal recommendations to use buprenorphine (or buprenorphine-naloxone), which are medications to treat opioid use disorder, in order to treat patients with kratom use disorder; however, there are no formal guidelines available. Buprenorphine (or buprenorphine-naloxone) induction is recommended to be conducted under observation (i.e. in the clinic) in the United States, but COVID-19 has resulted in shifts toward telehealth.

Objectives
Describe case series of successful management of kratom use disorder using telehealth followed by unobserved buprenorphine-naloxone home induction and highlight implications for future management, including maintenance dosage and induction method.

Methods
We present 2 very similar kratom use disorder patients who reported taking 35 g of kratom per day who underwent unobserved buprenorphine-naloxone home induction.

Results
Both were seen via telehealth initially. They reported no adverse effects before, during, or after the unobserved home induction on buprenorphine-naloxone but stabilized on significantly different dosages.

Conclusion
Telehealth followed by unobserved buprenorphine-naloxone induction at home may be an alternative to traditional buprenorphine-naloxone induction where treatment accessibility is limited. In addition to daily doses of kratom use, other factors, such as duration of kratom use and individual psychological factors may determine the most comfortable dose of buprenorphine-naloxone.
Pension Tension: Retirement Annuity Fosters Ageism Across Countries and Cultures
Authors: Chen Zizhuo , North Michael S , Zhang Xin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGlobally aging populations raise worldwide concerns about how an older population will be valued. Cross-culturally, many espouse that Eastern cultures revere their older adults more than Westerners, due to stronger collectivism and filial piety traditions. In contrast, this paper proposes a resource tension hypothesis, whereby rapid population aging causes pragmatic strain across all modernized societies, fostering ageism.Research Design and MethodsThree studies supported this resource tension hypothesis, focusing on the pragmatic role of public pensions—a fundamental resource inherently pitting older versus younger generations—in fostering ageism. Study 1 tested the relationship between nation-level public pension rate and attitudes toward older adults by using World Values Survey and European Social Survey data sets. Study 2 further explored this relationship via priming both the pension-based resource scarcity and the intergenerational competition over the public pension. Study 3 offered an intervention—future-self-thinking via a photo ager—on reducing intergenerational tensions under pension scarcity conditions.ResultsStudy 1 found a significant link between nation-level public pension rate and negative older adult attitudes across 39,700 World Values Survey, and 29,797 European Social Survey data points. Study 2 further supported the pension-ageism link via experimental methods. Participants who were reminded of the scarcity of pensions and intergenerational competition exhibited more negative attitudes toward older adults. Study 3 confirmed the effect of the future-self intervention on enhancing attitudes toward older adults even despite scarce pension resources.Discussion and ImplicationsThe findings support a resource explanation in driving perceptions of older adults, implicate pensions as a key mechanism driving intergenerational attitudes, and identify future-self thinking as a critical intervention. The present studies open up new research pathways for understanding and accommodating the globally aging population.
Occurrence and surveillance of Taiwanese bovine arboviruses using hematophagous insects in dairy farms during 2012–2019
Authors: Tzeng Hau-You , Ting Lu-Jen , Chiu Chin-Ing , Lin Nien-Nung , Liao Kuei-Min , Tu Wu-Chun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Culicoides-borne viruses are an important arbovirus group causing bovine diseases. During 2012–2019, 2,525 pools consisting of 108,937 specimens of vectors were subjected to PCR detection of bovine arbovirus belonging to Orthobunyavirus, Orbivirus, and Ephemerovirus. Twelve virus RNAs, of which 6, that is, Shuni virus, Shamonda virus, and Sathuperi virus in Orthobunyavirus and Sathuvachari virus and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotypes 4 and 7 in Orbivirus were detected for the first time in the area. Potential vector species were evaluated by the minimum infection rate, and the population abundance of Culicoides oxystoma, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, and Anopheles sinensis indicated that they were the main potential vector species in dairy farms in Taiwan.
Introductory Information for Therapists
Authors: Epstein Elizabeth E. , McCrady Barbara S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter covers topics that therapists need to know to treat women with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and substance use disorder (SUD). It reviews science-based information about AUD or SUD in general and in women, discusses gender differences between men and women with alcohol and other substance use disorders, provides the rationale for having women-specific treatment for AUD and SUD, and outlines the evidence base for this treatment program, Women’s Group Treatment for Substance Use Disorder. This treatment method can improve women’s access to treatment and can be used as group or individual therapy, in outpatient or inpatient addiction treatment settings. The first five chapters of the Therapist Guide provide introductory information, and Chapters 6 through 17 cover the 12-session treatment program.
Session 3: Presence of Heavy Drinkers/Drug Users in Social Network; Self-Management Plans
Authors: Epstein Elizabeth E. , McCrady Barbara S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Session 3 of this Therapist Guide helps clients think about their social support network in general and in terms of support for abstinence. Clients identify how the members of their social network impact their efforts to attain and maintain sobriety. Also, a core skill of cognitive behavioral therapy called self-management is taught and practiced using brainstorming to help clients develop strategies to cope with their personal triggers. Each strategy is evaluated for pros, cons, and difficulty, and promising strategies are assigned for homework. As in every session, routine interventions are covered (agenda setting, review of daily monitoring logs, homework review, planning for upcoming high-risk situations). As in every session, handouts and sample worksheets provide clinical vignettes relevant to women with alcohol use disorder and substance use disorder, and verbatim therapist language is suggested to deliver the material.
Session 7: Affect and Mood Management
Authors: Epstein Elizabeth E. , McCrady Barbara S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Session 7 covers skills to manage depressed and anxious mood states, as well as stress. Thinking errors are identified and cognitive restructuring skills are taught and practiced. Emotion regulation skills are also covered. As in every session, abstinence plans and status are monitored and adjusted, daily drinking/craving/trigger logs are discussed, other routine interventions are delivered, and other skills learned in previous sessions are reinforced.
Session 11: Problem-Solving
Authors: Epstein Elizabeth E. , McCrady Barbara S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In Session 11, problem-solving, a key cognitive behavioral therapy skill, is taught as a general coping skill to use instead of drinking or using drugs to avoid dealing with problems. Women-specific vignettes and examples of a problem-solving procedure are provided, and the skill is practiced in session via exercises using the handouts and worksheets. Letting go of situations and people identified as being “not in my control” is discussed as a step in problem-solving. Tools such as acceptance and mindful awareness are incorporated in the problem-solving strategy menu. As in every session, prior skills are carried forward, each client’s abstinence plan is monitored, routine interventions are delivered, and group support is encouraged.