bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
APPROACHES TO INVESTIGATING LUCIDITY IN ADRD: A PRELIMINARY RESEARCH FRAMEWORK TO GUIDE OPERATIONAL HARMONIZATION
Authors: Gilmore-Bykovskyi Andrea , Griffin Joan , Mueller Kimberly , Parnia Sam , Kolanowski Ann 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Episodes of lucidity (EL) in Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease related dementias (AD/ADRD), also termed “paradoxical lucidity,” have garnered increasing attention as an important area of research. Efforts to study lucidity suffer from a lack of clear definitional criteria, inconsistent conceptualization and diverse approaches to operationalizing features of these events. To advance systematic investigation of EL in AD/ADRD, there is a need for clarity and precision in labeling event attributes, markers, and specific measurement strategies that enable operational harmonization across distinct approaches to investigating the relatively broad and nascent phenomenon. To that end, we propose a preliminary research framework to guide harmonization of approaches to investigating EL in AD/ADRD. Our goal is to provide a systematized approach to characterizing operational decisions that facilitates comparability across different methodological approaches and measurement strategies while allowing for exploration of multiple definitional criteria, measurement standards, and interpretive approaches.
GROUP-BASED TRAJECTORY MODELING OF NURSING HOME RESIDENT PAIN SCORES
Authors: Cole Connie , Hickman Susan , Blackburn Justin , Carpenter Janet , Chen Chen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Up to 80% of older adults living in a nursing home (NH) experience pain and up to 32% have substantial pain. Pain in NH residents is associated with poor quality of life, higher likelihood of depression, and decreased life satisfaction. Pain in NH residents has often been studied using a cross-sectional approach, which fails to consider the temporal nature of pain. Therefore, the purpose of this analysis was to identify and characterize clinically meaningful, dynamic pain trajectories in NH residents using data from the Minimum Data Set. A retrospective longitudinal analysis was conducted using group-based trajectory modeling with pain scores from admission to discharge or a maximum of 28 assessments. We identified four distinct trajectories: 1) consistent pain absence (48.9%), 2) decreasing-increasing pain presence (21.8%), 3) increasing-decreasing pain presence (15.3%), and 4) persistent pain presence (14.0%). Relative to residents’ in the consistent pain absence trajectory, the likelihood of being in the persistent pain presence trajectory was more than twice as high for those living in a rural versus (AOR 2.7, CI 2.2-3.4, p&lt;.001), over 4 times higher for those with hip fracture (AOR 4.3 CI 2.6-7.0, p&lt;.001), nearly 3 times higher for those with a fracture other than hip (AOR 2.9, CI 2.0-4.1, p&lt;.001), and almost twice as high for those with contracture (AOR 1.7, CI 1.4-2.1, p&lt;.001). Using residents’ characteristics associated with persistent pain such as hip fracture or contracture may improve care planning based on early identification or risk stratification and can improve mitigation of persistent pain.
TESTING THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS ON A PHYSICAL ACTIVITY INTERVENTION
Authors: Smail Emily , Kaufmann Christopher , Manini Todd 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Depressive symptoms affect the physical and cognitive health of approximately 20% of older adults. These symptoms have strong, bidirectional ties with physical activity levels and mobility disability. Physical activity has a positive impact on mood and depression and is highly recommended for symptom management across all ages. However, it’s unclear whether elevated depressive symptoms interfere with potential benefits that physical activity has on other health outcomes like mobility loss. The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study randomized over 1,500 older adults (aged 70+) to either a physical activity (intervention) or successful aging (control) program with an average of 2.2 years of follow-up. Our analysis used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate whether elevated depressive symptoms (measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CESD)-11 scale with a cutoff score of 16/22 points) moderated the relationship between intervention status and the primary outcome (incident major mobility disability, objectively measured as the ability to walk 400 meters). In a secondary analysis of 1,534 older adults (Mage = 78.8, 66.7% female), we confirmed significant main effects of both the physical activity intervention and elevated depressive symptoms on incident major mobility disability but found no evidence of moderation (interaction p-value=0.989). Results indicate that the benefits of the intervention were comparable between those with and without significant depressive symptoms at baseline, supporting the inclusion of individuals with depression in clinical trials. In addition to potential symptom relief, promoting physical activity in older adults with depression is important for protecting against mobility loss.
SOMATOTROPIC SIGNALING IN HEALTH AND LONGEVITY
Authors: Brown-Borg Holly 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The endocrine system is highly integrated and regulates growth, reproduction, metabolism, and stress responses that influence aging. Reduced growth hormone (GH) signaling extends health and lifespan in part, by altering metabolism maintaining enhanced insulin sensitivity and defense mechanisms. Diet composition affects metabolism and GH status integrates these nutrient signals, modulating metabolic responses that result in age-related disease susceptibility. Two pathways affected by somatotropic signaling include methionine and lipid metabolism. GH appears to regulate oxidative defense and the methionine pathway via enzymes that affect S-adenosyl-methionine, glutathione, DNA methylation, and detoxification activities. We also have evidence that GH deficient mice escape fatty liver disease when fed high-fat diets. Together our work and others indicate that GH plays a significant role in an organism’s ability to respond to nutrients and cellular stressors by regulating factors that counter stress, modulating metabolic responsiveness to nutrients, and detoxification of endogenous and exogenous compounds.
PANDEMIC-INSPIRED COLLABORATIVE ROADMAP TO PROMOTE RURAL FOOD EQUITY ACROSS THE LIFESPAN
Authors: Ilardo Joan , Zell Angela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Early during the pandemic, access to food by residents across the lifespan was problematic in many communities. We observed well-intentioned responses by community organizations but a lack of centralized coordination across sectors. Most organizations were not aware of the efforts and capabilities of others causing duplication or gaps in services. Our team created a user-friendly, evidence-based roadmap to guide communities through developing and sustaining effective collaborative partnerships for food and nutrition-related problems to address together. We will describe elements of an effective, efficient roadmap development process using currently available evidence-based resources and creating evidence-informed resources when we identify gaps. Expected outcomes are: 1) format of the final roadmap; 2) types of groups willing to use it; 3) how well the roadmap was implemented; 4) feasibility of continued use of the roadmap by groups over the long term; and 5) potential to expand roadmap use to other communities.
POSSIBLE SELVES THROUGH CAREGIVING: CAREGIVING HISTORY'S EFFECTS ON SELF-PERCEPTIONS OF AGING
Authors: Hu Rita , Larkina Marina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Most studies examine the consequences of self-perceptions of aging (SPA). Little is known about the antecedents. The possible selves framework suggests that earlier life experiences can shape people’s scenarios about their own aging. We examine the association between early-life informal caregiving experiences and SPA later in life using data from the HRS Retrospective Life History Mail Survey and the Psychosocial and Lifestyle Questionnaire ( N = 2,556, Mage = 72.9). Participants reported up to five periods of unpaid caregiving (≥ 6 months) with family members. SPA was measured by the HRS 8-item scale. Step-wise linear regression revealed that compared with people who had not been caregivers, early-life caregivers reported more negative SPA later in life (β = 0.20, 95%CI[0.12, 0.29]). The association holds after controlling for health-related and demographic covariates. Future research and interventions should focus on the consequences of early-life caregiving on the caregiver’s scenarios about their own aging.
SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCES OF AGING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN THE YEARS THAT PRECEDE AND FOLLOW A FALL
Authors: Mejía Shannon , Su Tai-Te , Washington Faith-Christina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Falls are the leading preventable cause of death and disability in older adulthood. Subjective experiences of aging could facilitate fall prevention and adaptation to post-falls life. We use data from the 2008-2018 waves of the Health and Retirement Study to follow self-perceptions of aging (SPA), health-domain control (HDC), and physical activity (PA) in 12,000+ adults (Mage=69.09; 59% women; 83% white) to examine trajectories of subjective experiences and health behaviors preceding and following a fall. In total, 57% experienced falling. Both SPA and HDC were lower among fallers. Spline growth models showed that HDC, SPA, and PA significantly decreased over time. Additionally, the rate of decline in HDC and PA increased following the fall. After falling, the protective effect of HDC amplified, while positive SPA dampened change in PA. Our study illustrates the importance of subjective experiences of aging on adaptation and recovery in the context of falling.
INTERVENTION FIDELITY IN THE FAMILY-CENTERED FUNCTION-FOCUSED CARE INTERVENTION
Authors: Resnick Barbara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This session will provide a description of the treatment fidelity (TF) plan from the Family-centered Function-focused Care (Fam-FFC) trial. Components of the TF plan, measures, procedures for implementation, and findings will be presented, and discussed within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The components of the Fam-FFC TF plan and results include: 1) Delivery based on completion of the steps in Fam-FFC ; 2) Receipt based on evidence of Staff knowledge of Fam-FFC (percentage of nursing staff that demonstrated test scores above 80%); 3) Enactment based on achievement of goals using the Goal Attainment Scale ; completion of the Fam-Path Audit of bedside goals and treatment plans, post-acute follow-up and plan update ; and evidence of Fam-FFC based on the Fam-FFC Behavior Checklist (80% staff performance of Fam-FFC). The TF plan demonstrated evidence of delivery, receipt and enactment of study activities. Findings will be used to develop an implementation trial.
DOES CALORIC RESTRICTION SLOW THE PROCESS OF BIOLOGICAL AGING? EVIDENCE FROM THE CALERIE TRIAL
Authors: Waziry Reem 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) slows aging and increases healthy lifespan in model organisms. We tested if CR slowed biological aging in humans using DNA methylation analysis of blood samples from N=197 participants in the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects ofReducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE™) randomized controlled trial. We quantified CR effects on biological aging by comparing change scores for six epigenetic-clock and Pace-of-Aging measures between n=128 CR-group and n=69 ad-libitum-control-group participants at 12- and24-month follow-ups. CR effects were strongest for DunedinPACE Pace of Aging (12-month Cohen’s d=0.3; 24-month Cohen’s d=0.2, p&lt;0.01 for both), followed by DunedinPoAm and the GrimAge epigenetic clock, although effects for these measures were not statistically differentfrom zero (p&gt;0.08). CR effects for other epigenetic clocks were in the opposite direction (all p&gt;0.15). CALERIE intervention slowed Pace of Aging but showed minimal effect on epigenetic clocks hypothesized to reflect longer term accumulation of aging burden.
THE JOY AND CHALLENGES OF STORY CREATION WITH TIMESLIPS: STUDENT FACILITATOR PERCEPTIONS
Authors: Ihara Emily , Perez Emily , Barrett Kendall , Inoue Megumi , Tompkins Catherine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Creative arts interventions for people living with dementia have been shown to improve mood, emotions, communication, and relationships for older people living with dementia and their care partners. Previous research demonstrates that TimeSlips, a creative storytelling intervention, provides a “failure-free” environment and an opportunity for individuals to use their imagination. Because it does not involve memory, people living with dementia are encouraged to contribute and interact, thus creating an environment that focuses on dignity and strengths rather than deficits. This case study explores the student facilitators’ experiences of running TimeSlips sessions in different levels of care. The two facilitators ran continuous sessions over six months – with an individual at home, group sessions in memory care, and group sessions in assisted living. The facilitators journaled about their experiences after each session and the same picture prompts were used across the different types of sessions. Each journal entry was coded by two independent researchers using grounded theory principles. Through the coding, it was clear that the facilitators needed to use different skills to engage participants in storytelling based on their level of care. Themes that emerged include joy of connection, playfulness, and engagement. In addition, specific skills are needed to accommodate some behaviors of people living with dementia (such as aggressive behavior toward others in the group) and how to distract from those behaviors to continue with the storytelling. The benefits and challenges of each modality and gaps that may need to be addressed for student facilitators will be discussed.
DIFFERENCES IN THE MEASUREMENT OF COGNITION FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF DEMENTIA ACROSS GEOGRAPHIC CONTEXTS
Authors: Nichols Emma , Ng Derek , Hayat Shabina , Langa Kenneth , Lee Jinkook , Steptoe Andrew , Deal Jennifer , Gross Alden 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Most cognitive assessments have been developed in high-income countries but are subsequently used in diverse contexts. Differences in culture and context may affect performance of cognitive items. We used the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol surveys in the US, Mexico, India, England, and South Africa (combined N=11,364) to quantify associations across countries between cognitive items and cognitive impairment status using age- and gender-adjusted logistic regression. Associations were stronger in the US (Median Odds Ratio [OR] across items=0.17) and England (Median OR=0.19), compared to South Africa (Median OR=0.23), India (Median OR=0.29), and Mexico (Median OR=0.28). Items assessing memory (e.g. delayed recall tasks) had the most consistent associations of the largest magnitudes across contexts. Transporting cognitive items among countries and cultures warrants caution. We identified items that performed well either in individual contexts or across the range of contexts considered; this information can be used to guide the design of future instruments.
DYADIC AND LONGITUDINAL STUDIES OF CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS: NEW INSIGHTS INTO HEALTH AND WELL-BEING ACROSS ADULTHOOD
Authors: Luong Gloria , Fruhauf Christine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This symposium includes 5 papers using intensive, longitudinal, and/or dyadic data on social relationships, revealing novel insights into health and well-being across adulthood. Fruhauf and colleagues conducted a feasibility and acceptability to test their Merging Yoga and self-management to develop Skills (MY-Skills) intervention, which targets caregiving dyads (caregivers and care receivers) dealing with persistent pain. Participants completed group interventions meeting twice a week for eight weeks, with each two-hour session including self-management education followed by yoga. A priori benchmarks for feasibility were met for the dyads, suggesting that these interventions may lead to improved well-being for caregiving dyads. Turner and Hooker conducted a 30-day microlongitudinal study of middle-aged daughters who are caring for their parents with dementia. On days when caregivers had more positive appraisals of caregiving than their own average, they had greater physical activity goal pursuit, independent of that day’s negative appraisals. Luong and colleagues also leverage an intensive longitudinal study spanning 3.5 month that prospectively tracked older adults and their close partners as they transitioned into senior housing facilities. Well-being varied by marital status, and changes over time varied by age. Weidmann & Chopik examined older romantic couples from 36 nations and found that between-partner correlations between depressive symptoms, self-rated health, and cognitive performance diffed across cultures. Finally, Purol et al. found that among middle-aged and older couples, similarity effects of personality facets on health and well-being were relatively small in magnitude, suggesting personality similarity among couples may be overstated in the literature.
LINKS BETWEEN DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND SELF-RATED AND COGNITIVE HEALTH IN OLDER COUPLES AROUND THE WORLD
Authors: Weidmann Rebekka , Chopik William 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Mental and physical health are important concerns in late adulthood. To gain a deeper understanding of the associations between depressive symptoms and self-rated and cognitive health as they occur contextualized within romantic relationships and across different cultures, we examined these links in older romantic couples of 36 nations. To that end, we used data from North and South America, Europe, and Asia with a total sample of 47,396 romantic couples. Between-partner correlations of depressive symptoms, self-rated health, and cognitive health demonstrated substantial variations across cultures. Further, we found that the depressive symptoms in one partner were linked to worse self-rated health and worse cognitive performance in both partners. Age, education, and functional difficulties partly accounted for these associations. These findings were also characterized by cross-cultural variation. Hence, depressive symptoms represent a potential risk factor for health in couples.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FALLS: RACIAL/ETHNIC CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: Li Wenjun , Hou Su-I 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Prevention of falls is important to independent living and good health in older age. This symposium brings together four studies on epidemiology of falls among community-dwelling older adults. The first study examined location and activity-specific fall rates among 388 older adults in Massachusetts. Compared to Asians, annual rates of indoor and outdoor falls and falls while walking were substantially higher among non-Hispanic White and Hispanics. The second study evaluated racial/ethnic differences in fear of falling, depression, lack of physical activity and negative self-perceptions of aging in 121 low-income older adults. The highest levels of fall risk were found in Hispanics and Asian Americans, fear of falling in African Americans, and depression in Hispanics. The third study assessed the relationship between objectively measured sedentary bout frequency with recurrent falls (2+ falls/year) among 2,918 men aged 79.0±5.1 years attending the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) Year 7 (2007-2009) visit. The analysis found a likely U-shaped association between sedentary bout frequency and recurrent falls risk, with the least and most active men are at higher risk. The fourth study investigated the association between fear of falling and falls risk among Chinese and non-Chinese older adults in Singapore using data collected via an electronic survey between January and February 2022. The analysis did not find significant ethnic differences in fear of falling. Although limited by sizes, these studies found racial and ethic differences in fall rates, physical activity, fear of falling and other risk factors, which are of great interest for further investigations.
RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN LOCATION AND ACTIVITY-SPECIFIC FALLS IN MASSACHUSETTS, US
Authors: Li Wenjun , Churchill Linda , Aguirre Annabella , Clarke Anthony , Procter-Gray Elizabeth , Kane Kevin , Berry Sarah , Hannan Marian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Prevention of falls is important to independent living and good health in older age. Circumstances of falls may vary by older person’s sociodemographic attributes, health conditions and living environment. Health Aging and Neighborhood Study (HANS) examined rates of location and activity-specific falls among 388 community-living older adults living in Central Massachusetts between 2018 and 2020. Data on falls were collected using monthly calendar, and information on falls was collected by trained staff via telephone interviews with the participants. The follow-up time ranging from 11.9 to 24.4 months. In total, 431 falls were reported, of which 97% had information on location of fall, and 95% had information on activity at time of fall. Annualized rate of any fall differed significantly by race/ethnicity. Asians had the lowest rate (0.26/year). Rate of Hispanics was approximately twice higher (0.55, p=0.04) and non-Hispanic Whites three times higher (0.84, p&lt;0.001). For indoor falls, Asians reported significantly lower rates than Hispanics (0.10 vs. 0.44, p=0.005) or non-Hispanic Whites (0.10 vs. 0.36, p=0.009). Greater outdoor fall rate was associated with male gender (p=0.04); younger age (p=0.03); Asian (p=0.02) and, especially, non-Hispanic White race (p&lt;0.001, with Hispanics as referent); higher income (p&lt;0.001); and more years of education (p=0.001). Falls while walking were significantly associated with non-Hispanic White race (p&lt;0.001) and Hispanic ethnicity (p=0.001). In summary, rates of any, indoor or outdoor falls vary significantly by race. The underlying mechanisms should be further investigated.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN OBJECTIVE MEASURES OF INTERMITTENT SEDENTARY BREAKS WITH RECURRENT FALL RISK IN OLDER MEN
Authors: Roe Lauren , Harrison Stephanie , Cawthon Peggy , Ensrud Kristine , Gabriel Kelley , Kado Deborah , Cauley Jane 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
We assessed the relationship between objectively measured sedentary bout frequency with recurrent falls (2+ falls/year).

METHODS
The sample included 2,918 men aged 79.0±5.1 years attending the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) Year 7 (2007-2009) visit. Sedentary bout frequencies were defined as the average daily number of transitions out of 5+ minutes sedentary (&lt;1.5 METS). Falls were self-reported from mailed questionnaires. Generalized Estimating Equations estimated the odds of recurrent falls.

RESULTS
Over four follow-up years, 1,025 (35.1%) men had recurrent falls. Compared to men with &lt;13.6 transitions from sedentary (Quartile (Q)1), the odds of recurrent falls among men with 13.6-&lt;17.0 transitions (Q2), 17.0-&lt;20.4 transitions (Q3), and 20.4-&lt;34.6 transitions (Q4) were 0.82 (95%CI: 0.66-1.01), 0.79 (95%CI: 0.64, 0.99), and 1.01 (95%CI: 0.81, 1.27), respectively, after adjustment.

CONCLUSIONS
A U-shaped association may exist between sedentary bout frequency and recurrent falls risk. The least and most active men are at higher risk.