bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nuclear PD-L1 promotes EGR1-mediated angiogenesis and accelerates tumorigenesis
Authors: Yu Jie , Zhuang Ai , Gu Xiang , Hua Yu , Yang Ludi , Ge Shengfang , Ruan Jing , Chai Peiwei , Jia Renbing , Fan Xianqun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTargeting programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-L1) remains one of the most essential immunotherapies in cancer1,2. PD-L1 has been detected in the nucleus in multiple malignancies, playing an oncogenic role independent of immune checkpoint regulation3–5. Howbeit, the regulatory function of nuclear PD-L1 (nPD-L1) remains to be fully understood. Here, we report that nPD-L1 is an endogenous accelerator for cancer angiogenesis. First, we found that an abundant proportion of PD-L1 was distributed within the nucleus of uveal melanoma samples, which is associated with an unfavorable outcome. Moreover, the capacity of promoting angiogenesis was largely attenuated in the nPD-L1-deficient cells both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, nPD-L1 facilitates p-STAT3 binding to the promoter of early growth response-1 (EGR1), resulting in the activation of EGR1-mediated angiogenesis. Therapeutically, the inhibition of histone deacetylase 2 restores the normal acetylation level of PD-L1, blocking its nuclear translocation and thereby attenuating tumor angiogenesis. Conclusively, we reveal that nPD-L1 promotes angiogenesis in malignancies, and provide a novel anti-vascularization strategy through blocking aberrant PD-L1 nuclear translocation for tumor therapy.
Large-scale purification of functional AAV particles packaging the full genome using short-term ultracentrifugation with a zonal rotor
Authors: Wada Mikako , Uchida Naoya , Posadas-Herrera Guillermo , Hayashita-Kinoh Hiromi , Tsunekawa Yuji , Hirai Yukihiko , Okada Takashi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdeno-associated virus (AAV) vector-based gene therapy is potentially curative for various genetic diseases; however, the development of a scalable purification method for full-genome AAV vectors remains crucial to increase productivity and reduce cost of GMP production. In this study, we developed a large-scale short-term purification method for functional full-genome AAV particles by using 2-step cesium chloride (CsCl) density-gradient ultracentrifugation with a zonal rotor. The 2-step CsCl method with a zonal rotor improves separation between empty and full-genome AAV particles, reducing the ultracentrifugation time (4–5 h) and increasing the AAV volume for purification. The highly purified full-genome AAV particles were confirmed by analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC), droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) in the whole region of the AAV vector genome, transduction efficiency in target cells, and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). The high-purity AAV9 particles were obtained using culture supernatant during vector preparation rather than cell lysate. CsCl could be simply removed by a hydroxyapatite column. Interestingly, ddPCR analysis revealed that “empty” AAV particles contain small fragments of the inverted terminal repeat (ITR), probably due to unexpected packaging of Rep-mediated ITR fragments. This large-scale functional AAV vector purification with ultracentrifugation would be effective for gene therapy.
Bonding of PMMA to silicon by femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Capodacqua Filippo Maria Conte , Volpe Annalisa , Gaudiuso Caterina , Ancona Antonio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMany devices and objects, from microelectronics to microfluidics, consist of parts made from dissimilar materials, such as different polymers, metals or semiconductors. Techniques for joining such hybrid micro-devices, generally, are based on gluing or thermal processes, which all present some drawbacks. For example, these methods are unable to control the size and shape of the bonded area, and present risks of deterioration and contamination of the substrates. Ultrashort laser bonding is a non-contact and flexible technique to precisely join similar and dissimilar materials, used both for joining polymers, and polymers to metallic substrates, but not yet for joining polymers to silicon. We report on direct transmission femtosecond laser bonding of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and silicon. The laser process was performed by focusing ultrashort laser pulses at high repetition rate at the interface between the two materials through the PMMA upper layer. The PMMA-Si bond strength was evaluated as a function of different laser processing parameters. A simple, analytical, model was set up and used to determine the temperature of the PMMA during the bonding process. As a proof of concept, the femtosecond-laser bonding of a simple hybrid PMMA-Si microfluidic device has been successfully demonstrated through dynamic leakage tests.
Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis (EOTRH): microspatial distribution of trace elements in hypercementosis-affected and unaffected hard dental tissues
Authors: Wright Alexandra L. , Earley Edward T. , Austin Christine , Arora Manish 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEquine Odontoclastic Tooth Resorption and Hypercementosis (EOTRH) is a common, painful and poorly understood disease. Enamel, dentin and cementum accumulate both essential and toxic trace elements during mineralization. Characterization of the spatial accumulation pattern of trace elements may provide insight into the role that toxic elements play and inform biological processes affecting these hard dental tissues for future research. Laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was used to map the distribution of multiple trace elements and heavy metals across equine healthy and diseased (hypercementosis-affected) hard dental tissues among four teeth extracted from horses with EOTRH. Results showed banding patterns of some trace elements (lead, strontium, barium), reflecting the temporal component of accumulation of trace elements during dentin mineralization. Essential elements zinc and magnesium did not show banding patterns. Comparison to the unaffected cementum and dentin adjacent to the hypercementosis region showed that there is an underlying incremental pattern in the uptake of some metals with spatial irregularities. This supports a possible metabolic change involved in hypercementosis lesion development. This represents the first use of LA-ICP-MS to study the microspatial distribution of trace elements in equine teeth, establishing a baseline for elemental distribution in normal and EOTRH impacted dental hard tissue.
A residue management machine for chopping paddy residues in combine harvested paddy field
Authors: Ramulu Chelpuri , Pateriya Raj Narayan , Naik Mude Arjun , Vishwakarma Dinesh Kumar , Kuriqi Alban , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Alataway Abed , Dewidar Ahmed Z. , Mattar Mohamed A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNowadays, Combine Harvesters are the most commonly used device for harvesting crops; as a result, a large amount of plant material and crop residue is concentrated into a narrow band of plant material that exits the combine, challenging the residue management task. This paper aims to develop a crop residue management machine that can chop paddy residues and mix them with the soil of the combined harvested paddy field. For this purpose, two important units are attached to the developed machine: the chopping and incorporation units. The tractor operates this machine as the main source, with a power range of about 55.95 kW. The four independent parameters selected for the study were rotary speed (R1 = 900 & R2 = 1100 rpm), forward speed (F1 = 2.1 & F2 = 3.0 Kmph), horizontal adjustment (H1 = 550 & H2 = 650 mm), and vertical adjustment (V1 = 100 & V2 = 200 mm) between the straw chopper shaft and rotavator shaft and its effect was found on incorporation efficiency, shredding efficiency, and trash size reduction of chopped paddy residues. The incorporation of residue and shredding efficiency was highest at V1H2F1R2 (95.31%) and V1H2F1R2 (61.92%) arrangements. The trash reduction of chopped paddy residue was recorded maximum at V1H2F2R2 (40.58%). Therefore, this study concludes that the developed residue management machine with some modifications in power transmission can be suggested to the farmers to overcome the paddy residue issue in combined harvested paddy fields.
Comparison of mental health indicators in clinical psychologists with the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Humer Elke , Pammer Barbara , Schaffler Yvonne , Kothgassner Oswald D. , Felnhofer Anna , Jesser Andrea , Pieh Christoph , Probst Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMental healthcare professionals face diverse challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may augment their risk of experiencing adverse mental health outcomes themselves. We aimed to compare depressive, anxiety, insomnia, and stress symptoms in Austrian clinical psychologists during the COVID-19 pandemic with the Austrian general population. A total of N = 172 Austrian clinical psychologists (91.9% women; mean age: 44.90 ± 7.97 years) participated in an online survey in spring 2022. A representative sample (N = 1011) of the Austrian general population was surveyed simultaneously. Symptoms of depression (PHQ-2), anxiety (GAD-2), insomnia (ISI-2), and stress (PSS-10) were assessed. Differences in the prevalence of clinically relevant symptoms were analyzed using univariate (Chi-squared tests) and multivariable (binary logistic regression including covariates age and gender) analyses. Clinical psychologists showed lower adjusted odds for exceeding the cut-offs for clinically relevant depression (aOR 0.37), anxiety (aOR 0.50), and moderate to high stress levels (aOR 0.31) compared to the general population (p < 0.01). No difference was observed for insomnia (aOR 0.92; p = 0.79). In conclusion, clinical psychologists experience better mental health than the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies are needed to analyze the underlying reasons.
Impact of an antibiotic stewardship program on antibiotic utilization, bacterial susceptibilities, and cost of antibiotics
Authors: Aiesh Banan M. , Nazzal Maisa A. , Abdelhaq Aroub I. , Abutaha Shatha A. , Zyoud Sa’ed H. , Sabateen Ali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial misuse is a worldwide issue, and antimicrobial resistance is considered the most challenging aspect of health care. It has been reported that as much as 30–50% of antimicrobials prescribed in hospitals are deemed unnecessary or inappropriate. Antibiotic stewardship programs (ASPs) include policies that apply continuous management of judicious anti-infectious treatment in the clinical setting. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of ASPs on antibiotic consumption, the costs of antibiotic expenditure, and the sensitivity of antimicrobials. A retrospective, quasi-experimental study was performed to assess the effect of ASP at An-Najah National University Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in the West Bank, Palestine, over a period of 20 months before and 17 months after the implementation of the ASP. Data on antibiotic consumption were reported monthly as days of therapy per 1000 patient-days and monthly costs (USD/1000 patient-days). A total of 2367 patients who received one or more of the targeted antibiotics (meropenem, colistin and tigecycline) during their hospital stay were included in the study. They have split into two groups: 1710 patients in the pre-ASP group, and 657 patients in the post ASP group. The most significant reduction in DOT per 1000 patient-days was seen with tigecycline, with a percentage of change of − 62.08%. Furthermore, the mean cost of the three antibiotics decreased significantly by 55.5% in the post-ASP phase compared to the pre-ASP phase. After the implementation of ASP, there was a statistically significant increase in susceptibility to meropenem, piperacillin and piperacillin/tazobactam with respect to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, changes in mortality rates were not statistically significant (p = 0.057). ASP positively reduced costs and antimicrobial consumption, with no statistically significant effect on the overall mortality rate. However, a long-term evaluation of the ASP's impact is needed to conclude its lasting impact on infection-related mortality and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern.
High‐precision skeleton‐based human repetitive action counting
Authors: Li Chengxian , Shao Ming , Yang Qirui , Xia Siyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel counting model is presented by the authors to estimate the number of repetitive actions in temporal 3D skeleton data. As per the authors’ knowledge, this is the first work of this kind using skeleton data for high‐precision repetitive action counting. Different from existing works on RGB video data, the authors’ model follows a bottom‐up pipeline to clip the sub‐action first followed by robust aggregation in inference. First, novel counting loss functions and robust inference with backtracking is proposed to pursue precise per‐frame count as well as overall count with boundary frames. Second, an efficient synthetic approach is proposed to augment skeleton data in training and thus avoid time‐consuming repetitive action data collection work. Finally, a challenging human repetitive action counting dataset named VSRep is collected with various types of action to evaluate the proposed model. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed counting model outperforms existing video‐based methods by a large margin in terms of accuracy in real‐time inference.
Calculation and analysis of the unbalanced magnetic thrust for the linear motor drive motion system
Authors: Yang Xiaojun , Xuan Jianlin , Yang Zhaohui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe unbalanced magnetic thrust caused by the mover eccentricity for the linear motor drive motion system is analytically represented. Firstly, the relative complex magnetic permeability function is introduced to represent the effects of the mechanical installation errors and vibrations on the mover eccentricity. Then, the distortion of the magnetic field caused by the mover eccentricity is represented based on the Maxwell equation. The spectrum characteristics of the unbalanced magnetic thrust force is analytically calculated taking into account the harmonics in the drive circuit. Finally, the validity of the theoretically analysis is verified by the experiments. The results show that the static eccentricity caused by the mechanical installation error will produce the unbalanced magnetic thrust, affecting the thrust characteristics of the linear motor. In particular, the dynamic mover eccentricity caused by the mechanical vibration will produce paired unbalanced magnetic thrust harmonics on both sides of the original thrust harmonics, deteriorating the dynamic precision and efficiency of the direct drive motion system.
System‐based specifications for better design of ground‐penetrating radar antennas
Authors: Wagner Samuel , Hossain Ababil , Pancrazio Stephen , Pham Anh‐Vu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCurrently, no publicly available comprehensive set of specifications exists for the design of ground‐penetrating radar antennas. Specifications are presented and derived for the design of a ground‐penetrating radar antenna based on the antenna's interaction with the rest of the radar system. Typically, ground‐penetrating radar antenna engineers are given basic parameters such as gain and bandwidth to design an antenna. An antenna can be designed to meet those specifications but may not perform well in a ground‐penetrating radar imaging system. By considering the whole system, including the operation parameters, expected targets, and signal processing algorithms, we can constrain the less‐commonly considered performance aspects of an antenna to perform more reliably in a deployment. We propose quantitative specifications for the antenna's coupling, beamwidth, boresight radar cross‐section, pulse integrity, residual ringing, and front‐to‐back ratio. Meeting these antenna specifications will decrease the probability that a deficiency in the antenna design impacts the radar's image output. Finally, a summarised design equation table that will be helpful in the ground‐penetrating radar antenna community at large is offered.
Partial discharge signal compression reconstruction method based on transfer sparse representation and dual residual ratio threshold
Authors: Zhao Shice , Zhao Hongshan , Libo Ma , Yuehan Qu , Hui Ren 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPartial discharge (PD) signals have a large amount of data and a low energy proportion of pulse signals, resulting in difficult data transmission and poor reconstruction efficiency. To this end, a PD signal compression reconstruction method based on transfer sparse representation and dual residual ratio threshold (TSR‐DRRT) is proposed. TSR‐DRRT is centred on the sparse representation (SR) and accurate reconstruction of noisy signals. The intrinsic pulse of PD signals is extracted by signal decomposition, and jointly trained with different types of signals to establish the transfer SR dictionary. The compressed signal accurately retains the essential characteristics of the pulse information by improving the match between the dictionary atoms and the polymorphic PD pulses. To match the transfer SR dictionary, the inner and outer DRRT iteration termination conditions are set adaptively during the reconstruction process based on the correlation difference between the dictionary and signal frames. Independent control of PD pulse recognition and reconstruction accuracy is achieved, and its performance under noisy signals is improved. The results show that the method can achieve high ratio compression and efficient reconstruction of noisy signals. Different types of PD signals can also have high matching accuracy. This method can meet the demand for PD signals compression and transmission to the terminal for accurate reconstruction.
A light strange star in the remnant HESS J1731−347: Minimal consistency checks
Authors: Horvath J. E. , Rocha L. S. , de Sá L. M. , Moraes P. H. R. S. , Barão L. G. , de Avellar M. G. B. , Bernardo A. , Bachega R. R. A. 
Published: March 2023

Context. Recently, Doroshenko and collaborators reported a very low-mass compact star, a Central Compact Object named XMMU J173203.3−344518 inside the supernova remnant HESS J1731−347. Its tiny mass is at odds with all calculations of minimum masses of neutron stars generated by iron cores, therefore (and even if not compellingly) it has been suggested to be a “strange star”. In addition to the mass, the radius and surface temperature were extracted from the data, and the whole body of information should ultimately reveal whether this object is truly consistent with an exotic composition.
Aims. Our aim is to understand the status of the compact object XMMU J173203.3−344518 in HESS J1731−347 within the existing models of strange stars, including its prompt formation.
Methods. The information obtained on the mass, radius and surface temperature are compared to theoretical calculations performed within usual theoretical models using General Relativity as the assumed theory of gravitation and a handful of cooling scenarios. A qualitative discussion showing the consistency of the strange-matter driven supernova scenario with a low-mass compact star is provided.
Results. We found that the object HESS J1731−347 fits within the same quark star models recently employed to explain the masses and radii of the NICER objects PSR J040+6620 and PSR J0030+0451, in which both quantities were simultaneously determined. It is also remarkable to find that a simple cooling scenario devised 30 yr ago with superconducting quarks provides an overall good explanation of the surface temperature.
Conclusions. We conclude that XMMU J173203.3−344518 in the remnant HESS J1731−347 fits into a strange star scenario that is also consistent with heavier compact stars, which can also belong to the same class and constitute an homogeneous type of self-bound objects produced in Nature.
S1-Leitlinie Interdisziplinäre Diagnostik interstitieller Lungenerkrankungen im Erwachsenenalter
Authors: Kreuter Michael , Behr Jürgen , Bonella Francesco , Costabel Ulrich , Gerber Alexander , Hamer Okka W. , Heussel Claus Peter , Jonigk Danny , Krause Andreas , Koschel Dirk , Leuschner Gabriela , Markart Philipp , Nowak Dennis , Pfeifer Michael , Prasse Antje , Wälscher Julia , Winter Hauke , Kabitz Hans-Joachim 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Beurteilung von Patienten mit v. a. einer interstitiellen Lungenerkrankung (ILD) umfasst die Beurteilung klinischer, radiologischer und oft histopathologischer Daten. Da bislang noch keine dezidierten Empfehlungen für die Evaluation bei Verdacht auf eine ILD in Deutschland existierten, war es Ziel dieses interdisziplinären Konsensusstatements, eine praktische Orientierungshilfe für den klinischen Alltag in Bezug auf die interdisziplinäre Diagnostik der ILDs zu geben. Dazu gehören die umfassende klinisch-pneumologische und in vielen Fällen auch eine rheumatologische Beurteilung, radiologische Diagnostik sowie Probenentnahme zur histopathologischen Evaluation sowie die abschließende Diskussion im multidisziplinären Team.
Langzeitergebnisse nach endovaskulärer und offener Versorgung des rupturierten Bauchaortenaneurysmas – eine Propensity-Score-Analyse
Authors: Svidlova Yuliya , Epple Jasmin , Lingwal Neelam , Schmitz-Rixen Thomas , Böckler Dittmar , Grundmann Reinhart T. 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In dieser retrospektiven Propensity-Score-gematchten Studie sollten die perioperative Letalität und das Langzeitüberleben bis zu 9 Jahre nach endovaskulärer (EVAR) und offener (OAR) Versorgung von Patienten mit rupturiertem Bauchaortenaneurysma (rAAA) in Deutschland anhand von Krankenkassendaten der AOK-Gesundheit dargestellt werden.
Material und Methodik Es wurden 2170 Patienten, die zwischen dem 01.01.2010 und 31.12.2016 mit einem rAAA innerhalb 24 h nach stationärer Aufnahme versorgt wurden und Bluttransfusionen erhielten, in die Studie aufgenommen und bis zum 31.12.2018 nachverfolgt. Zur besseren Vergleichbarkeit von EVAR und OAR erfolgte ein 1:1-Propensity-Score-Matching der Patienten nach Alter, Geschlecht und Vorerkrankungen über das R-Programm (Stiftung für Statistisches Rechnen, Wien, Österreich) mit 624 Paaren.
Ergebnisse Im nicht adjustierten Kollektiv wurden 29,1% (631/2170) der Patienten mit EVAR und 70,9% (1539/2170) mit OAR versorgt. EVAR-Patienten hatten eine signifikant höhere Rate an Komorbiditäten. Nach Adjustierung wiesen EVAR-Patienten das signifikant bessere perioperative Überleben (EVAR 35,7%; OAR 51,0%; p = 0,000) auf. Bei 80,4% der EVAR-Patienten und 80,3% der OAR-Patienten sind perioperative Komplikationen aufgetreten (p = 1,000). Am Ende des Follow-ups überlebten Kaplan-Meier-geschätzt 15,2% der Patienten bei EVAR vs. 19,5% bei OAR (p = 0,027). In der multivariaten Cox-Regressionsanalyse hatten OAR, das Alter ≥ 80 Jahre, ein Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 und die Niereninsuffizienz in den Stadien 3–5 einen negativen Einfluss auf das Gesamtüberleben. Werktags operierte Patienten hatten eine signifikant niedrigere perioperative Letalität (perioperative Letalität werktags 40,6% vs. Wochenende 53,4%; p = 0,000) und ein Kaplan-Meier-geschätzt besseres Gesamtüberleben
als Patienten des Wochenendes.
Schlussfolgerung Es wurde ein signifikant besseres perioperatives Überleben und Gesamtüberleben bei EVAR beobachtet. Der perioperative Überlebensvorteil von EVAR ergab sich ebenfalls bei den über ≥ 80-jährigen Patienten. Das weibliche Geschlecht hatte auf die perioperative Sterblichkeit und auf das Gesamtüberleben keinen signifikanten Einfluss. Am Wochenende versorgte Patienten hatten ein signifikant schlechteres perioperatives Überleben verglichen mit Patienten, die unter der Woche versorgt wurden, was bis zum Ende des Follow-ups anhielt. Inwieweit dies von der Klinikstruktur abhängig war, konnte nicht überprüft werden.