bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated With Improved Technical Outcomes When Using 0.068‐ to 0.074‐Inch Aspiration Catheters: Analysis From a Multicenter Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Vargas Jan , Majidi Shahram , Hawk Harris , Nimjee Shahid , Zakeri Amanda S. , Mokin Maxim , Kellogg Ryan T , Cortez Gustavo , Aghaebrahim Amin , Sauvageau Eric , Hanel Ricardo , DeLeacy Reade , Siddiqui Adnan , Oselkin Martin , Marlin Evan , Turner Ray , Chaudry Imran , Milburn James 
Published: April 2023

Background
In addition to enlarging the catheter tip diameter, recent aspiration catheters were designed with a novel angled‐tip design. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of new‐generation angled‐tip aspiration catheters in comparison to commonly used straight‐tip large‐bore aspiration catheters.

Methods
We performed a multicenter retrospective analysis of consecutive cases with M1 occlusion treated with aspiration thrombectomy from July 2016 to February 2021. Patients were divided into 2 cohorts: those in whom a 0.071‐inch angled‐tip catheter was used and those in whom a 0.068‐ to 0.074‐inch flat‐tip catheter was used.

Results

A total of 384 patients were identified. The angled‐tip catheter was used in 129 (33.6%) patients, whereas 255 (66.4%) patients were treated with flat‐tip catheters. There was no significant difference in age, sex, baseline modified Rankin scale score, side of occlusion, initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, time from last known normal to access, or rate of intravenous recombinant tPA (tissue‐type plasminogen activator) administration. Use of the angled‐tip reperfusion catheter was associated with average 5‐minute faster time to Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2B or better (22.13±21.05 versus 27±24.54 minutes;
P
=0.012) and 7‐minute faster time to final recanalization (25.85±25.22 versus 32.96±29.26 minutes;
P
=0.011). There was no difference in the rate of good outcome or hemorrhagic transformation.

Conclusions
We report a multicenter, retrospective review of patients treated with current generation large‐bore aspiration catheters. Angled‐tipped catheters were associated with shorter times to Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2B and final reperfusion. There were no differences in 90‐day modified Rankin scale score, rates of intracranial hemorrhage, or complications.
Metallurgical Characterization of Two 11th–12th Century Single-Bow Shears from Sigtuna, Sweden
Authors: Helén Andreas , Eliasson Anders , Wärmländer Sebastian K.T.S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Shears, being everyday objects, have received significantly less attention by archaeometallurgists than other edged tools or weapons. Yet, shear blades were forged with the same techniques as blades of, e.g. knives and swords. The most common shear type in ancient times was the bow shears, where the bow had to be flexible so it could be repeatedly bent without cracking or breaking. The shear-maker, therefore, faced the challenge of combining hard steel (the blades) with soft/flexible steel (the bow). In fact, bow shears are one of the first tools to be invented, where metal acts as a spring. Thus, ancient bow shears can be used for investigating the history and development of spring steel technology, which is currently unclear. Here, we present the metallurgical characterization of two 11th–12th c. single-bow shears from Sigtuna, Sweden. Both the blades and the bows of the two shears were found to be of decent quality and much better than in older shears from the Roman period. Although the steel qualities are not quite up to modern standards, this does not in itself prove that the Sigtuna blacksmiths lacked the technological knowledge to make ideal spring steel. Shears are relatively cheap everyday objects intended to be used until they break, at which point they are discarded. Therefore, it might not have been worth the Medieval blacksmiths’ time and effort to perfect the material properties of steel used in shears. The shears’ blades are on par with Medieval-period knife blades, and future studies on ancient shear-making should preferably involve comparisons of shears and knives from the same origins.
Aphidna’s Prehistoric Tumulus in North Attica from around 2000 BC. A Comprehensive Re-assessment of Sam Wide’s 1894 Excavation
Authors: Hielte Maria 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The 13 graves excavated in 1894 by Sam Wide at Aphidna only attracted sporadic attention during the first decades, even though he exposed unusually rich burials. However, over the last 20 years, there has been increased interest, but still with most focus on only one grave, Pithos Grave III. This article combines information from several sources to get a more comprehensive picture, including a thorough re-read of Wide’s original publication in German, an examination of his preserved correspondence and notes, also with a newly discovered original photo taken during the excavation. In addition, recent colour photos of the finds kept in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens are provided. This approach may, in a sense, be termed ‘archaeology in reverse’. Wide was a pioneer in Greek prehistoric studies and the first to identify a then-unknown phase between the Early and the Middle Bronze Age, based on the Aphidna finds. His detailed descriptions of the excavation, including the large bowls placed outside the pithos graves, also contribute to reconstructing burial rites. After 130 years, with many new contemporary sites now available, new insights into regional perspectives can be gained.
Prehistoric Iron Bloomery Debris on a Small Island in Lake Aisetas (Eastern Lithuania)
Authors: Simniškytė Andra , Selskienė Aušra 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The archaeological discoveries of metallurgical waste in Lithuania have established that metallurgical activities were commonly connected to settlements. However, recent investigations suggest that even in the case of small-scale production on a homestead industry level, small isolated smelting bloomeries could have existed outside settlements.
The work presented in this article introduces the material acquired from the newly discovered prehistoric site on a small island in Lake Aisetas in Eastern Lithuania. The data was acquired through surface and soil sampling surveys, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and small-scale excavations. Metallurgical waste weighing 150 kg was collected without additional evidence to facilitate archaeological interpretation of the finds and their origins.
This article aims to characterise the metallurgical waste and deduce the nature of the activity and processes that produced these by-products on the island. Through an exploration of recovery circumstances and a macroscopic examination as well as composition and microstructure analysis of the metallurgical waste, this study intends to answer the following questions: what constitutes the metallurgical waste found on the island; what conclusions can be drawn regarding the ironworking techniques, production scope, and chronology; and how favourable was the studied area for early iron production?
Simulation of the eThekwini Heat Island in South Africa
Authors: Maisha Robert T. , Ndarana Thando , Engelbrecht Francois A. , Thatcher Marcus , Bopape Mary-Jane M. , van der Merwe Jacobus , Padayachi Yerdashin , Masemola Cecilia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The study evaluates the performance of the Conformal Cubic Atmospheric Model (CCAM) when simulating an urban heat island (UHI) over the city of eThekwini, located along the southeast coast of South Africa. The CCAM is applied at a grid length of 1 km on the panel with eThekwini, in a stretched-grid mode. The CCAM is coupled to the urban climate model called the Australian Town Energy Budget (ATEB). The ATEB incorporates measured urban parameters including building characteristics, emissions, and albedo. The ATEB incorporates the land-cover boundary conditions obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite. The CCAM configuration applied realistically captured the orientation of the city and land-cover types. Simulations of meteorological variables such as temperatures and longwave radiation reproduced the spatial distribution and intensity of the UHI. Results show that the UHI is stronger during summer and weaker in all other seasons. The UHI developed because of natural factors (e.g., distribution of longwave radiation) and human factors (e.g., urban expansion, an increase in anthropogenic emissions, and additional heating). Because of the city’s location along the coast, the UHI simulation could be weakened by atmospheric circulations resulting from land and sea breezes. Mitigation methods such as applying reflective paints and revegetation of the city may increase albedo and latent heat fluxes but reduce the sensible heat fluxes and weaken the UHI. However, the UHI may not be completely eliminated since natural factors and emissions constantly influence its development.

Significance Statement
The outcome of this study could be particularly valuable for municipalities in their disaster management planning since the occurrence of UHIs can cause heat-related diseases such as heatstrokes and even fatalities, especially for the elderly, in cities. Increases in temperatures also lead to higher demand for air conditioners, which in the long term lead to higher demand and pressure on the electricity grid system as well as increased costs for the individual. As higher temperatures increase heatwave events, increases in anthropogenic emissions also result in degraded air quality that impacts health. UHIs impact human lives and can cause deterioration in health when individuals experience high temperatures in summer. Warmer temperatures also reduce energy demand (and in the long term assist with global environmental restoration).
Evaluating Seasonal Climate Forecasts from Dynamical Models over South America
Authors: Zhang Jiaying , Guan Kaiyu , Fu Rong , Peng Bin , Zhao Siyu , Zhuang Yizhou 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Seasonal climate forecasts have socioeconomic value, and the quality of the forecasts is important to various societal applications. Here we evaluate seasonal forecasts of three climate variables, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), temperature, and precipitation, from operational dynamical models over the major cropland areas of South America; analyze their predictability from global and local circulation patterns, such as El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO); and attribute the source of prediction errors. We show that the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model has the highest quality among the models evaluated. Forecasts of VPD and temperature have better agreement with observations (average Pearson correlation of 0.65 and 0.70, respectively, among all months for 1-month-lead predictions from the ECMWF) than those of precipitation (0.40). Forecasts degrade with increasing lead times, and the degradation is due to the following reasons: 1) the failure of capturing local circulation patterns and capturing the linkages between the patterns and local climate; and 2) the overestimation of ENSO’s influence on regions not affected by ENSO. For regions affected by ENSO, forecasts of the three climate variables as well as their extremes are well predicted up to 6 months ahead, providing valuable lead time for risk preparedness and management. The results provide useful information for further development of dynamical models and for those who use seasonal climate forecasts for planning and management.

Significance Statement
Seasonal climate forecasts have socioeconomic value, and the quality of the forecasts is important to their applications. This study evaluated the quality of monthly forecasts of three important climate variables that are critical to agricultural management, risk assessment, and natural hazards warning. The findings provide useful information for those who use seasonal climate forecasts for planning and management. This study also analyzed the predictability of the climate variables and the attribution of prediction errors and thus provides insights for understanding models’ varying performance and for future improvement of seasonal climate forecasts from dynamical models.
Characteristics of tree nut, peanut, and seed consumption in the eastern Mediterranean region
Authors: Parlak Zeynep , Soyer Ozge , Sahiner Umit Murat , Sekerel Bülent Enis 
Published: April 2023

Background Nuts and seeds are among the most common causes of food allergy (FA), and consumption differences across cultures and geographic regions are thought to account for the diversity of these allergies. Methods Caregivers of infants (age 12–24 months) with or without FA were questioned in face-to-face interviews to identify the nut and seed consumption practices in the household, during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and early childhood. Results Of the 171 infants (median age: 17.3 months) included in the study, 75 were healthy and 96 had FA. More than two-thirds of the infants in the whole group started to be fed with walnuts, sesame/tahini, hazelnuts, almonds, and sunflower seeds. The percentages of healthy infants who were not fed with tree nuts, seeds, and peanuts were 4%, 4%, and 49.3%, respectively, for the healthy infants, and 11.8%, 11.8%, and 67.8% for those with FA. In the FA group, sesame and peanut consumption was initiated at a younger age, and walnut, hazelnut, and almond consumption at an older age compared to the healthy infants ( p < 0.05 for each). Walnuts and sesame/tahini were the most consumed nuts at home, and peanuts and pumpkin seeds were the least consumed. Mothers reported that they increased tree nut consumption during pregnancy due to their positive effect on health and sesame/tahini consumption during breastfeeding to increase breast milk, respectively. Conclusion The uniqueness of Turkish culinary culture is characterized by the frequent consumption of tree nuts and seeds, with further increases during pregnancy/lactation and early introduction to the diet of infants.
Immune system modulation by low-dose ionizing radiation-induced adaptive response
Authors: Hussien Soha M , Rashed Engy R 
Published: April 2023

Objective: Hormesis or low-dose ionizing radiation is known to induce various biological responses, a subcategory of which is the adaptive response, which has been reported to protect against higher radiation doses via multiple mechanisms. This study investigated the role of the cell-mediated immunological component of low-dose ionizing radiation-induced adaptive response. Methods: Herein, male albino rats were exposed to whole-body gamma radiation, using a Cs137 source with low-dose ionizing radiation doses of 0.25 and 0.5 Gray (Gy); 14 days later, another irradiation session at a dose level of 5 Gy was carried on. Four days post-irradiation at 5 Gy, rats were sacrificed. The low-dose ionizing radiation-induced immuno-radiological response has been assessed through the T-cell receptor (TCR) gene expression quantification. Also, the serum levels of each of interleukins-2 and -10 (IL-2, IL-10), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were quantified. Results: Results indicated that priming low irradiation doses resulted in significant decrements in TCR gene expression and the serum levels of IL-2, TGF-β, and 8-OHdG with an increment in IL-10 expression compared to the irradiated group, which did not receive low priming doses. Conclusion: The observed low-dose ionizing radiation-induced radio-adaptive response significantly protected against high irradiation dose injuries, through immune suppression, representing a promising pre-clinical protocol that would be applied to minimize radiotherapy side effects on normal but not against the tumor cells.
The influence of raciolinguistic expectations on phoneme categorization in Spanish–English bilinguals
Authors: Dibbern Jennifer , D’Onofrio Annette 
Published: April 2023

Aims and objectives: This study examines how social information is utilized in processes of bilingual speech perception. Specifically, we investigate whether racialized expectations of native language background trigger language-specific processing strategies in early or simultaneous Spanish–English bilinguals. Methodology: We coupled a visually-primed phoneme categorization task with a social evaluation questionnaire to test whether Spanish–English bilingual adults living in the United States ( n = 30) drew on racialized ideologies about what speakers of certain languages look like during speech perception. We predicted that, if participants drew on these ideologies during the phoneme categorization task, they would cue an expectation of what language was being spoken and, consequently, a shift in the identification boundary. Data and analysis: Mixed logistic regression was used to investigate the effects of photograph (the visual prime) and voice on how participants categorized the continua while paired, two-tailed t-tests were used to compare how participants socially evaluated the two speakers. Findings: Raciolinguistic evaluations appeared to influence bilingual speech perception, significantly affecting how the continua were categorized, but they did not work the same way for every voice. Originality: Prior work has posited that interactional context influences bilingual language control (e.g., Grosjean, 2001); the ideological nature of this context has, however, been understudied. This paper offers insight into how ideologies related to race may shape language perception and use in bilinguals. Implications: The findings provide evidence for the role of social information in bilingual speech perception, suggest that multiple cues (acoustic and social) integrate to determine the interactional context, and indicate that the influence of raciolinguistic ideologies is neither straightforward nor homogeneous but rather contingent on complex aspects of the perceived speaker.
Improved extremity tissue oxygenation with short-term exposure to textiles embedded with far infrared light emitting thermoactive particles in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Athonvarangkul Diana , Wang Kaicheng , Deng Yanhong , Inzucchi Silvio E , Mayerson Adam 
Published: April 2023

Use of far infrared (FIR) energy may improve peripheral circulation. This study aimed to determine whether FIR delivered through textiles improves peripheral microcirculation as measured by transcutaneous oximetry (TcPO2) in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods A single-center, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, crossover study of 32 subjects with either type 1 or type 2 DM. An active FIR wrap followed by a placebo wrap (or vice versa) was applied to the arm, calf, ankle, and forefoot for 60 min each with continuous TcPO2 measurements. The treatment effect of the active versus placebo wrap was estimated using a linear mixed effect model adjusted for period, sequence, baseline value, and anatomic site. Results The active FIR wrap increased mean TcPO2 at the arm (2.6 ± 0.8 mmHg, p = .002), calf (1.5 ± 0.7 mmHg, p = .03), and ankle (1.7 ± 0.8 mmHg, p = .04) and composite of all sites (1.4 ± 0.5 mmHg, p = .002) after 60 min. The estimated treatment effect was significant for the active FIR wrap at the calf (1.5 ± 0.7 mmHg, p = .045) and in composite of all sites (1.2 ± 0.5 mmHg, p = .013). Conclusion Short-term exposure to FIR textiles improves peripheral tissue oxygenation in patients with diabetes.
Local Diagnostic Reference Levels for Common Adult Computed Tomography Procedures in Addis Ababa
Authors: Teferi Dellie Seife , Fisehaw Tesfaw Ambaye , Jebessa Kumsa Marema , Turi Tolawak Birhanu 
Published: April 2023

Background Computed Tomography has become the major source of population exposure in diagnostic x-rays. This concerned issue will be resolved by stetting Local Diagnostic Reference Levels. Objectives The main objective of this study is to assess dose indicators for the establishment of Local Diagnostic Reference Levels. Materials and methods A prospective cross-sectional study design was conducted on 8 public and private hospitals performing CT examinations. A total of 725 adult patients who underwent abdominopelvic, chest, and head CT examinations were evaluated from October 2021 to March 2022. Patients’ demography, exposure parameters, and dose descriptors were collected. The minimum, maximum, mean, median, and third quartile values were analyzed using SPSS software version 26. Finally, the third quartile values of collected data were compared with national and international values. Results The third quartile values obtained from median of volumetric computed tomography dose index (mGy) and dose length product (mGy.cm) which are considered as local DRLs for head, chest, and abdominopelvic CT examination, respectively, were 53 mGy, 14 mGy and 13 mGy; 1307 mGy.cm, 575 mGy.cm, and 932 mGy.cm. Conclusion The results of this study showed that practices of CT imaging in both public and private hospitals in Addis Ababa were comparable to other national and international values.
Racemose Neurocysticercosis: A Rare Cause of Rapidly Progressive Dementia—A Case Report
Authors: Mitarnun Witoon 
Published: April 2023

This report describes the case of a 68-year-old woman with episodic memory impairment for 6 months. Brain magnetic resonance imaging detected multiple extra-axial variable-sized cystic lesions in the left medial temporal lobe, suprasellar cistern, and perimesencephalic cistern. The serum and cerebrospinal fluid tested positive for Taenia solium, confirming racemose neurocysticercosis. Albendazole and praziquantel were administered for 6 months and prednisolone for 1 month. After 3 months, her symptoms resolved. Despite its rarity, racemose neurocysticercosis should be considered in patients with rapidly progressive dementia and cystic brain lesions.
How Can Ignorance Be Useful to Teachers?
Authors: Giray Louie 
Published: April 2023

Highlights Teachers can use ignorance to improve their role and facilitate the learning process. Strategic ignorance can be used to strengthen impartiality and avoid spreading oneself thinly. Feigned ignorance can be used to reinforce independent learning skills and avoid high dependence on simple questions. Teachers’ admission to ignorance can be used to promote humility, curiosity, and psychologically safe environments.
Numerical Simulation Investigation on Parameter Optimization of Deep-Sea Mining Vehicles
Authors: Wu Hongyun , Liu Wei , Jiang Min , Li Changfeng , Li Jiangming , Chen Bingzheng , Wang Chunlai , Chen Yuheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe four-track walking mining vehicle can better cope with the complex terrain of cobalt-rich crusts on the seabed. To explore the influence of different parameters on the obstacle-crossing ability of mining vehicles, this paper took a certain type of mine vehicle as an example and establish a mechanical model of the mine vehicle. Through this model, the vehicle’s traction coefficient variation could be analyzed during the obstacle-crossing process. It also reflected the relationship between the obstacle-crossing ability and the required traction coefficient. Many parameters were used for this analysis including the radius of the guide wheel radius, ground clearance of the driving wheel, the dip angle of the approaching angular and the position of centroid. The result showed that the ability to cross the obstacles requires adhesion coefficient as support. When the ratio between obstacle height and ground clearance of the guide wheel was greater than 0.7, the required adhesion coefficient increased sharply. The ability to cross obstacles will decrease, if the radius of the guide wheel increases, the height of the driving wheel increases or the dip angle of the approaching angular increases. It was most beneficial to cross the obstacle when the ratio of the distance between the center of mass and the front driving wheel to the wheelbase is between 0.45‒0.48. The results of this paper could provide reference for structural parameter design and performance research for mining vehicles.