bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of regional versus general anesthesia on recurrence of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yulong , Song Yuxuan , Qin Caipeng , Zhang Chunlong , Du Yiqing , Xu Tao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

Regional anesthesia appears to reduce cancer recurrence, but the optimal anesthesia modality for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) were still under debate. Therefore, we sought to assess the effect of regional and GA only upon the recurrence and long-term prognosis of NMIBC through this meta-analysis.

Methods

We performed an extensive literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (up to October 30, 2022) to identify eligible articles on the possible impact of different anesthetic modalities for the recurrence rate of NMIBC.

Results

Eight studies comprising 3764 participants, including 2117 subjects with RA and 1647 with GA, were finally enrolled. Cancer recurrence rate was significantly lower in subjects with RA than those with GA. (RR 0.84, 95%CI 0.72–0.98, P = 0.031). Significant differences were not detected between GA and RA in the time of recurrence (SMD 2.07, 95% CI -0.49-4.64, P = 0.113) and cancer progression (RR 1.14, 95%CI 0.71–1.84, P = 0.589). Results from subgroup analysis demonstrated that spinal anesthesia could significantly decrease the incidence of cancer recurrence in comparison with general anesthesia (RR 0.80, 95%CI 0.72–0.88, P < 0.001) and subjcets with high-risk NMIBC who received RA tended to have less recurrence (HR 0.55, 95%CI 0.38–0.78, P = 0.001).

Conclusions

RA, especially spinal anesthesia, is effective in reducing the recurrence rate after transurethral resection of NMIBC. High-risk NMIBC patients were significantly less likely to experience cancer recurrence when RA was adopted during surgery.

Trial registration

INPLASY registration INPLASY2022110097
13C and 15N Resonance Assignments of Alpha Synuclein Fibrils Amplified from Lewy Body Dementia Tissue
Authors: Barclay Alexander M. , Dhavale Dhruva D. , Borcik Collin G. , Milchberg Moses H. , Kotzbauer Paul T. , Rienstra Chad M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fibrils of the protein α-synuclein (Asyn) are implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson Disease, Lewy Body Dementia, and Multiple System Atrophy. Numerous forms of Asyn fibrils have been studied by solid-state NMR and resonance assignments have been reported. Here, we report a new set of 13C, 15N assignments that are unique to fibrils obtained by amplification from postmortem brain tissue of a patient diagnosed with Lewy Body Dementia.
Investigation of the response of Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC to salt stress using combined transcriptomics and metabolomics
Authors: Zhang Meixi , Wang Xiaoqin , Xing Yushu , Ma Jiannan , Zhang Ying , Yu Juan , Jia Xin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC is a famous traditional Chinese medicine in China and an authentic medicine in Inner Mongolia. It has been traditionally used as an expectorant in cough because of its role in clearing lung heat. As a homologous plant of medicine and food, P. grandiflorus is widely planted in Northeast China. Soil salinity is a limiting factor for its cultivation. In this study, we comprehensively described the physiological characteristics of P. grandiflorus and combined transcriptomics and metabolomics to study the response of roots of P. grandiflorus to salt stress.
Results: Overall, 8,988 differentially expressed genes were activated and significantly altered the metabolic processes. In total, 428 differentially abundant metabolites were affected by salt stress. After moderate and severe salt stress, most of the differentially abundant metabolites were enriched in the L-phenylalanine metabolic pathway. Through the comprehensive analysis of the interaction between key genes and metabolites, the main pathways such as lignin compound biosynthesis and triterpene saponin biosynthesis were completed. The relative content of compounds related to lignin biosynthesis, such as caffeic acid, coniferin, and syringing, increased under salt stress, and the related genes such as PAL, C4H, and the key enzyme gene UGT72E2 were activated to adapt to the salt stress. Platycodon saponin is one of the major triterpene saponins in P. grandiflorus, and Platycodin D is its most abundant major bioactive component. Under severe salt stress, Platycodin D level increased by nearly 1.77-fold compared with the control group. Most of the genes involved in synthetic pathway of Platycodin D, such as HMGCR, GGPS, SE, and LUP, were upregulated under salt stress.
Conclusion: Salt stress led to a decrease in the biomass and affected the activities of antioxidant enzymes and contents of osmotic regulators in the plant. These results provided not only novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of response of P. grandiflorus to salt stress but also a foundation for future studies on the function of genes related to salt tolerance in the triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis pathway.
Performance evaluation of different filtration fraction during daytime continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Wang Li , Huang Jinjing , Li Fan , Huang Siyue , Xu Chengyun , Xu Gaosi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the effects of different filtration fractions (FFs) during daytime continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) post-dilution.
Methods
From April to December 2021, forty patients who received CVVHDF in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were randomly assigned to the low FF group (FF: 20–25%) or the high FF group (FF: 25–30%) and then compared with each other. The lifespan of the extracorporeal circuit and other performance metrics were compared between the two groups.
Results
During treatment, there was no statistically significant difference in arterial pressure between the two groups at 2 hours, 6 hours and the end of treatment compared with that at 1 hour of treatment (P = 0.30, 0.27, 0.87). There was no statistically significant difference between the venous pressure at 2 hours, 6 hours and the end of treatment compared with that at 1 hour of treatment (P = 0.55, 0.53, 0.53), and there was also no statistically significant difference in transmembrane pressure (P = 0.55, 0.63, 0.53). There was no statistically significant difference in the clotted filter or the extracorporeal circulation circuit at the end of CRRT between the two groups (P = 0.95, 0.31). There were statistically significant differences in the clearance efficiency of serum creatinine (P = 0.04).
Conclusion
For patients with daytime CRRT, CVVHDF treatment with FFs < 25% compared with FFs of 25–30% has no statistically significant difference in the risk of coagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass, while the efficacy seems to be significantly different. This study aims to provide supportive data for the criteria for defining FF in clinical practice.
Physical frailty Is Associated with Increased Risk of Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Zhao Jia-Xiu , Li Jian-Hua , Wang Rong , Zou Xiao , Liu Yun-Xia , Zuo Jing , Yan Xiao-Wei , Si Quan-Jin , Cui Lin-Hong , Hu Yixin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives: The prognostic value of each physical frailty and its components on adverse clinical outcomes, particularly for the population with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD), is still not well studied. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of physical frailty in the older adults with SCAD in community-dwelling setting and examine the influence of physical frailty and its different domains to the risk of adverse clinical outcomes among elders with SCAD.
Design: Register-based retrospective longitudinal study.
Setting and participants: The study cohort included a total of 221 patients aged 65 years or older who were diagnosed with SCAD and continuously sought care at the Geriatrics and Cardiology Outpatient Department of PLA General Hospital between July 15, 2015, and June 30, 2016.
Methods: After enrollment, the patients were divided into three groups according to the Fried phenotype. Health outcomes, including all-cause mortality and hospitalization, were assessed and verified by phone calls and electronic medical records (EMR) every 24 months, with a total of 2 review times per patient. The association between all-cause mortality and each of the five domains of the Fried phenotype were assessed using Cox model. Three models with progressive adjustment for potential confounders were fitted.
Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, physical frailtywas independently associated with all-cause mortality (frail group: aHR: 4.80; 95% CI 1.71–13.45; P = 0.003) compared to non-physical frailty. Slow gait speed (aHR: 6.75; 95% CI: 1.63 to 27.91; p =0.008) was significantly associated with the all-cause mortality, while weak grip strength was significantly associated with hospitalization (aHR:2.04; 95% CI:1.23 to 3.39; p = 0.006).
Conclusions and Implications: Physical frailty in general and different physical frailtydomains in particular are independently associated increased mortality among SCAD patients. Slow gait speed and weak grip strength maybe potentially increase future hospitalization and death. physical frailty and its domains especially gait speed and grip strength should be screened early in SCAD patients to reduce mortality.
Novelty：It is the first time investigating the the influence of physical frailty on the prognosis among the older adults with SCAD in Chinese community-dwelling setting and examine the influence of different physical frailty domains to the risk of adverse clinical outcomes among elders with SCAD.
Association Between Segmental Body Composition and Bone Mineral Density in US Adults：Results from the NHANES (2011- 2018)
Authors: Lin Yanze , Wu Ruiji , Wang Xun , Zhou Jinlei , Feng Fabo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
The association between segmental body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) is unclear. This study analyzed the representative adult sample from the US in order to evaluate the association between segmental body composition and BMD.
Method
Ten thousand and ninety-six people aged 20–59 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database participated in this cross-sectional study. Segmental body composition and total BMD were examined using weighted multivariate linear regression analysis. Additionally, a subgroup analysis was performed according to age and gender group.
Result
The fat proportion of each body region was negatively related to total BMD once confounding variables were taken into account, while the arm and leg showing the most significant negative correlation. Lean mass and BMD were positively correlated in each region. Similar results were observed in all hierarchical analyses.
Conclusion
In essence, we discovered that BMD in American individuals aged 20 to 59 was inversely linked with the percentage of fat mass in various body locations. The increase of lean mass in each region had a protective effect on bones. Segmental body composition analysis may be used to provide information for predicting the health status of bone.
Manufacturing and Treatment Standardization of Tumor Associated Antigen Stimulated Autologous Dendritic and Cytokine Induced Killer Cell Coculture for Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Lee Yi-Yen , Luo Shao-Ciao , Lee Chung-Hsin , Tang Chien-Lun , Shen Chiung-Chyi , Cheng Wen-Yu , Yang Yi-Chin , Yang Meng-Yin , Yen Chun-Ming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Dendritic Cell Cytokine-induced killer cell (DC- CIK) coculture treatment in cancer immunotherapy has been shown to be effective. However, the cost of DC- CIK therapy is prohibitive for many patients, and the lack of standard manufacturing processes and treatment strategies are major limitations. Our study used tumor lysate as a tumor-associated antigen source and DCs and CIK cells in coculture. We developed an efficient method to obtain autologous DCs- and CIK cells from peripheral blood. We used flow cytometry to assess DC activation and the cytometric bead array assay to quantify cytokines secreted by CIK cells.
Results
We evaluated the antitumor activity of DC- CIK coculture in vitro with the K562 cell line. We demonstrated that a manufacturing process employing frozen immature DCs can yield the lowest loss with the highest economic benefits. DC-CIK coculture can effectively upgrade CIK cells’ immunological specificity to tumors in the presence of tumor-associated antigens.
Conclusion
In vitro experiments revealed that when the DC- CIK cell ratio was 1: 20 in the coculture, CIK cells secreted the highest number of cytokines on the 14th day and the antitumor immune effect showed the highest potency. CIK cells’ cytotoxicity to K562 cells was highest when the CIK: K562 cell ratio was 25: 1. We developed an efficient manufacturing process for DC- CIK coculture, while also establishing the optimal DC- CIK cell ratio for immunological activity and the best cytotoxic CIK: K562 cell ratio.
An Efficient Blockchain-Based Self-Tallying Voting Protocol with Full-Anonymity
Authors: Li Fang , Wang Xiaofen , Li Xiong , Zhang Xichen , Lu Rongxing , Chen Tao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

As an electronic form of traditional voting, electronic voting is becoming more and more popular in today’s information society. Most of the existing electronic voting protocols need a trusted center to calculate the voting result, but the requirement of a trusted center is often unrealistic and prone to single point of failure. In this regard, the decentralized electronic voting protocols based on blockchain have been proposed. Unfortunately, most existing blockchain-based voting protocols fail to ensure anonymity, legitimacy, and correctness of counting. Besides, they do not satisfy robustness, i.e., the voting result cannot be counted in the event of voter abstention. To address the above challenges, we propose a novel blockchain-based self-tallying voting protocol, where the group signature and zero-knowledge proof are utilized in a way that the voter can securely distribute anonymous and unlinkable electronic ballots, thereby guaranteeing complete anonymity and legitimacy. Meanwhile, a novel signcryption algorithm is designed by combining distributed ElGamal encryption and Paillier encryption algorithms, which enhances the computational efficiency of voting results while supporting robustness. The security proof shows that our protocol ensures the confidentiality of ballots, complete anonymity, legitimacy, fairness, dispute-freeness and resistance against multi-voting. In addition, our protocol satisfies robustness, i.e., voting result can be correctly calculated and verified even if some voters abstain from voting. Finally, extensive experiments show that our protocol greatly reduces the computational cost and communication overhead, and is more practical than existing self-tallying voting protocols.
Prevalence and Predictors of Readmission in the Department of Medicine in a Tertiary Hospital in Manila, Philippines
Authors: Balane Janika Adrienne L. , Yap Celina Daia DG. , Villanueva Cary Amiel G. , Palileo-Villanueva Lia Aileen M. , Tamondong-Lachica Diana R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background: Identifying factors that increase the risk for hospital readmission can help in determining potential targets for quality improvement efforts. This study described the factors that lead to hospital readmission within 30 days of hospital discharge of patients under the General Medicine service of a tertiary government hospital in Manila, Philippines.
Methods: We performed a retrospective observational study which included service patients 19 years old and above readmitted within 30 days following discharge. A total of 324 hospital readmissions within 30 days of discharge from January 1 to December 31, 2019 were reviewed. We estimated the prevalence of 30-day readmission and identified factors associated with preventable readmissions using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: Of the 4,010 hospitalizations under General Medicine service in 2019, 602 (18%) were readmissions within 30 days of discharge, majority of which were related to the index admission (90%) and unplanned (68%). Predictors of preventable readmission were emergency readmission (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.72 to 6.60, p=<0.001), having five to ten medications at discharge (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.87, p=0.018), and presence of nosocomial infection (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.17, p=0.024). The most frequent reason for readmission among preventable ones is health-care related infection (42.9%).
Conclusions: We identified factors which increased the likelihood of preventable readmissions such as type of readmission, number of medications per day, and presence of nosocomial infections. We propose that these issues be addressed to improve healthcare delivery and reduce readmission-related expenditures. Further studies should be pursued to identify impactful evidence-based practices.
Liquid Application Dosing Alters the Physiology of Air-Liquid Interface Primary Bronchial Epithelial Cultures and In Vitro Testing Relevant Endpoints
Authors: Mallek Nicholas M. , Martin Elizabeth M. , Dailey Lisa A. , McCullough Shaun D. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Differentiated Primary human bronchial epithelial cell (dpHBEC) cultures grown under air-liquid interface (ALI) conditions exhibit key features of the human respiratory tract and are thus critical for respiratory research as well as efficacy and toxicity testing of inhaled substances (e.g., consumer products, industrial chemicals, and pharmaceuticals). Many inhalable substances (e.g., particles, aerosols, hydrophobic substances, reactive substances) have physiochemical properties that challenge their evaluation under ALI conditionsin vitro. Evaluation of the effects of these methodologically challenging chemicals (MCCs)in vitrois typically conducted by “liquid application,” involving the direct application of a solution containing the test substance to the apical, air-exposed surface of dpHBEC-ALI cultures. We report that the application of liquid to the apical surface of a dpHBEC-ALI co-culture model results in significant reprogramming of the dpHBEC transcriptome and biological pathway activity, alternative regulation of cellular signaling pathways, increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, and decreased epithelial barrier integrity. Given the prevalence of liquid application in the delivery of test substances to ALI systems, understanding its effects provides critical infrastructure for the use ofin vitrosystems in respiratory research as well as in the safety and efficacy testing of inhalable substances.
Use of research electronic data capture (REDCap) in a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART): A practical example of automating double randomization
Authors: Lee Carol , Gamino Danilo , Lore Michelle , Donelson Curt , Windsor Liliane 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Adaptive interventions are often used in individualized health care to meet the unique needs of clients. Recently, more researchers have adopted the Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART), a type of research design, to build optimal adaptive interventions. SMART requires research participants to be randomized multiple times over time, depending upon their response to earlier interventions. Despite the increasing popularity of SMART designs, conducting a successful SMART study poses unique technological and logistical challenges (e.g., effectively concealing and masking allocation sequence to investigators, involved health care providers, and subjects) in addition to other challenges common to all study designs (e.g., study invitations, eligibility screening, consenting procedures, and data confidentiality protocols). Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) is a secure, browser-based web application widely used by researchers for data collection. REDCap offers unique features that support researchers’ ability to conduct rigorous SMARTs. This manuscript provides an effective strategy for performing automatic double randomization for SMARTs using REDCap.
Methods: Between January and March 2022, we conducted a SMART using a sample of adult (age 18 and older) New Jersey residents to optimize an adaptive intervention to increase COVID-19 testing uptake. In the current report, we discuss how we used REDCap for our SMART, which required double randomization. Further, we share our REDCap project XML file for future investigators to use when designing and conducting SMARTs.
Results: We report on the randomization feature that REDCap offers and describe how the study team automated an additional randomization that was required for our SMART. An application programming interface was used to automate the double randomizations in conjunction with the randomization feature provided by REDCap.
Conclusions: REDCap offers powerful tools to facilitate the implementation of longitudinal data collection and SMARTs. Investigators can make use of this electronic data capturing system to reduce errors and bias in the implementation of their SMARTs by automating double randomization.
Trial registration: The SMART study was prospectively registered at Clinicaltrials.gov; registration number: NCT04757298, date of registration: 17/02/2021. Keywords: Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap), randomized controlled trials (RCT), adaptive interventions, Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART), randomization, experimental design, reducing human errors, automation.
Assessment of Depression and Internalized Stigma among Adult Asthma Patients
Authors: Ahmed-Chowdhury Saquib , Ahmad Sohail , Sarkar Md. Moklesur , Ismail Nahlah 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective: Suboptimal asthma control among significant number patients are linked with various psycho-social factors, such as depression and stigma. These factors play an obstructive role for better asthma management. The aim of this study is to assess depressive symptoms and internalized stigma collectively among adult asthma patients, and investigate how these two factors are related with other sociodemographic and asthma related medical factors.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 325 adult asthma patients (aged > 18 years old) were recruited from National Asthma Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Researcher-administered questionnaire was used to enroll participants by convenience sampling method. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: socio-demographic characteristics, medical data, 9-item patient health (PHQ-9) to assess depressive symptoms, and 22 items stigma scale to assess internalized stigma. The extracted data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS®), version 22.
Results: Most of the participants in this study (n=325), were between 18 to 40 years old n(%) 176(54.2), male 174(53.5), from rural areas 165(50.8), had monthly family income (<US$250) 179(55.1), years of asthma diagnosed > 5years 151(46.5). The mean±SD PHQ-9 score was 7.36(±6), reflected mild depressive symptoms, while internalized stigma score was 62.2(±10.26), moderate internalized stigma. Depression was significantly different across age, education, ED visit, hospitalized for asthma, number of asthma medicine, home nebulizer use, PEF rate, BMI, comorbidity, and asthma symptom control (p<0.05). Stigma was significantly different across age, education, occupation, years of asthma diagnosed, home nebulizer, type of inhaler, PEF rate, BMI, comorbidity and asthma symptom control (p<0.05). Stigma was significantly correlated with depression and negatively correlated with age and years of asthma diagnosed (p<0.01).
Conclusion: This study showed various factors are associated with depressive symptoms and internalized stigma among enrolled asthma patients. Stigma was higher among younger adults and recent asthma diagnosed. Intervention is needed to reduce stigma and depression.