bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plaque burden is associated with minimal intimal coverage following drug-eluting stent implantation in an adult familial hypercholesterolemia swine model
Authors: Razzi Francesca , Dijkstra Jouke , Hoogendoorn Ayla , Witberg Karen , Ligthart Jurgen , Duncker Dirk J. , van Esch Jan , Wentzel Jolanda J. , van Steijn Volkert , van Soest Gijs , Regar Evelyn , van Beusekom Heleen M. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSafety and efficacy of coronary drug-eluting stents (DES) are often preclinically tested using healthy or minimally diseased swine. These generally show significant fibrotic neointima at follow-up, while in patients, incomplete healing is often observed. The aim of this study was to investigate neointima responses to DES in swine with significant coronary atherosclerosis. Adult familial hypercholesterolemic swine (n = 6) received a high fat diet to develop atherosclerosis. Serial OCT was performed before, directly after, and 28 days after DES implantation (n = 14 stents). Lumen, stent and plaque area, uncovered struts, neointima thickness and neointima type were analyzed for each frame and averaged per stent. Histology was performed to show differences in coronary atherosclerosis. A range of plaque size and severity was found, from healthy segments to lipid-rich plaques. Accordingly, neointima responses ranged from uncovered struts, to minimal neointima, to fibrotic neointima. Lower plaque burden resulted in a fibrotic neointima at follow-up, reminiscent of minimally diseased swine coronary models. In contrast, higher plaque burden resulted in minimal neointima and more uncovered struts at follow-up, similarly to patients’ responses. The presence of lipid-rich plaques resulted in more uncovered struts, which underscores the importance of advanced disease when performing safety and efficacy testing of DES.
Fluorescence lifetime FRET assay for live-cell high-throughput screening of the cardiac SERCA pump yields multiple classes of small-molecule allosteric modulators
Authors: Roopnarine Osha , Yuen Samantha L. , Thompson Andrew R. , Roelike Lauren N. , Rebbeck Robyn T. , Bidwell Philip A. , Aldrich Courtney C. , Cornea Razvan L. , Thomas David D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe have used FRET-based biosensors in live cells, in a robust high-throughput screening (HTS) platform, to identify small-molecules that alter the structure and activity of the cardiac sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA2a). Our primary aim is to discover drug-like small-molecule activators that improve SERCA’s function for the treatment of heart failure. We have previously demonstrated the use of an intramolecular FRET biosensor, based on human SERCA2a, by screening two different small validation libraries using novel microplate readers that detect the fluorescence lifetime or emission spectrum with high speed, precision, and resolution. Here we report results from FRET-HTS of 50,000 compounds using the same biosensor, with hit compounds functionally evaluated using assays for Ca2+-ATPase activity and Ca2+-transport. We focused on 18 hit compounds, from which we identified eight structurally unique scaffolds and four scaffold classes as SERCA modulators, approximately half of which are activators and half are inhibitors. Five of these compounds were identified as promising SERCA activators, one of which activates Ca2+-transport even more than Ca2+-ATPase activity thus improving SERCA efficiency. While both activators and inhibitors have therapeutic potential, the activators establish the basis for future testing in heart disease models and lead development, toward pharmaceutical therapy for heart failure.
Exploration of sepsis assisting parameters in hospital autopsied-patients: a prospective study
Authors: Inai Kunihiro , Higuchi Shohei , Shimada Akihiro , Hisada Kyoko , Hida Yukio , Hatta Satomi , Kitano Fumihiro , Uno Miyuki , Matsukawa Haruka , Noriki Sakon , Iwasaki Hiromichi , Naiki Hironobu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough Sepsis-3 doesn’t require evidence of bacteremia to diagnose sepsis, clinicians often want to identify the causative pathogen at autopsy. In principle, if the blood cultures are the same at ante- and postmortem, the cause of death is obvious. However, interpretations of postmortem blood cultures are often difficult due to discordance, negativity, mixed infection, and contamination, of pathogens occupying ≥ 50% of the tests. To increase specificity identifying agonal phase sepsis in the situations where blood cultures are discordant, multiple or negative at postmortem, we established a scoring system using blood cultures, procalcitonin (PCN) showing highest sensitivity and specificity for postmortem serum, and bone marrow polyhemophagocytosis (PHP). Histological sepsis showed significantly higher levels of culture score (2.3 ± 1.5 vs. 0.4 ± 0.5, p < 0.001), PHP score (2.5 ± 0.8 vs. 1.0 ± 1.1, p < 0.001), and PCN score (1.8 ± 0.8 vs. 0.8 ± 0.6, p < 0.01) than non-septic patients. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that estimation of three scores was the most reliable indicator for recognizing agonal phase sepsis. These findings suggest that the combination of these three inspections enables to determine the pathological diagnoses of sepsis even it is not obvious by discordant, mixed or negative blood cultures.
Study the charging process of moving quantum batteries inside cavity
Authors: Hadipour Maryam , Haseli Soroush , Dolatkhah Hazhir , Rashidi Maryam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn quantum mechanics, quantum batteries are devices that can store energy by utilizing the principles of quantum mechanics. While quantum batteries has been investigated largely theoretical, recent research indicates that it may be possible to implement such a device using existing technologies. The environment plays an important role in the charging of quantum batteries. If a strong coupling exists between the environment and the battery, then battery can be charged properly. It has also been demonstrated that quantum battery can be charged even in weak coupling regime just by choosing a suitable initial state for battery and charger. In this study, we investigate the charging process of open quantum batteries mediated by a common dissipative environment. We will consider a wireless-like charging scenario, where there is no external power and direct interaction between charger and battery. Moreover, we consider the case in which the battery and charger move inside the environment with a particular speed. Our results demonstrate that the movement of the quantum battery inside the environment has a negative effect on the performance of the quantum batteries during the charging process. It is also shown that the non-Markovian environment has a positive effect on improving battery performance.
Medical transformer for multimodal survival prediction in intensive care: integration of imaging and non-imaging data
Authors: Khader Firas , Kather Jakob Nikolas , Müller-Franzes Gustav , Wang Tianci , Han Tianyu , Tayebi Arasteh Soroosh , Hamesch Karim , Bressem Keno , Haarburger Christoph , Stegmaier Johannes , Kuhl Christiane , Nebelung Sven , Truhn Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen clinicians assess the prognosis of patients in intensive care, they take imaging and non-imaging data into account. In contrast, many traditional machine learning models rely on only one of these modalities, limiting their potential in medical applications. This work proposes and evaluates a transformer-based neural network as a novel AI architecture that integrates multimodal patient data, i.e., imaging data (chest radiographs) and non-imaging data (clinical data). We evaluate the performance of our model in a retrospective study with 6,125 patients in intensive care. We show that the combined model (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUROC] of 0.863) is superior to the radiographs-only model (AUROC = 0.811, p < 0.001) and the clinical data-only model (AUROC = 0.785, p < 0.001) when tasked with predicting in-hospital survival per patient. Furthermore, we demonstrate that our proposed model is robust in cases where not all (clinical) data points are available.
Noninvasive imaging-based machine learning algorithm to identify progressive disease in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma receiving second-line systemic therapy
Authors: Dong Wei , Ji Ye , Pi Shan , Chen Qi-Feng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to predict tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) plus anti-PD-1 antibodies (TKI-PD-1) efficacy as second-line treatment in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using radiomics analysis. From November 2018 to November 2019, a total of 55 patients were included. Radiomic features were obtained from the CT images before treatment and filtered using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) methods. Subsequently, ten prediction algorithms were developed and validated based on radiomic characteristics. The accuracy of the constructed model was measured through area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) analysis; survival analysis was performed via Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression analyses. Overall, 18 (32.7%) out of 55 patients had progressive disease. Through ICCs and LASSO, ten radiomic features were entered into the algorithm construction and validation. Ten machine learning algorithms showed different accuracies, with the support vector machine (SVM) model having the highest AUC value of 0.933 in the training cohort and 0.792 in the testing cohort. The radiomic features were associated with overall survival. In conclsion, the SVM algorithm is a useful method to predict TKI-PD-1 efficacy in patients with advanced HCC using images taken prior to treatment.
Rapamycin prevents lung injury related to acute spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Chu Ruiliang , Wang Nan , Bi Yang , Nan Guoxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSevere injury occurs in the lung after acute spinal cord injury (ASCI) and autophagy is inhibited. However, rapamycin-activated autophagy's role and mechanism in lung injury development after ASCI is unknown. Preventing lung injury after ASCI by regulating autophagy is currently a valuable and unknown area. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of rapamycin-activated autophagy on lung damage post-ASCI. An experimental animal study of rapamycin's effect and mechanism on lung damage after ASCI. We randomly divided 144 female wild-type Sprague–Dawley rats into a vehicle sham group (n = 36), a vehicle injury group (n = 36), a rapamycin sham group (n = 36), and a rapamycin injury group (n = 36). The spine was injured at the tenth thoracic vertebra using Allen's method. At 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after surgery, the rats were killed humanely. Lung damage was evaluated via pulmonary gross anatomy, lung pathology, and apoptosis assessment. Autophagy induction was assessed according to LC3, RAB7, and Beclin 1 levels. ULK-1, ULK-1 Ser555, ULK-1 Ser757, AMPK α and AMPK β1/2 were used to investigate the potential mechanism. After rapamycin pretreatment, the lung showed no obvious damage (e.g., cell death, inflammatory exudation, hemorrhage, and pulmonary congestion) at 12 h and 48 h after injury and Beclin1, LC3 and RAB7 levels increased. After rapamycin pretreatment, ULK-1, ULK-1 Ser555, and ULK-1 Ser757 levels increased at 12 h and 48 h after injury compared with the vehicle group, but they decreased at 12 h after injury compared with the rapamycin sham group. After rapamycin pretreatment, AMPKα levels did not change significantly before and after injury; however, at 48 h after injury, its level was elevated significantly compared with that in the vehicle group. Rapamycin can prevent lung injury after ASCI, possibly via upregulation of autophagy through the AMPK–mTORC1–ULK1 regulatory axis.
Response of Fragaria vesca to projected change in temperature, water availability and concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere
Authors: Sammarco Iris , Münzbergová Zuzana , Latzel Vít 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe high rate of climate change may soon expose plants to conditions beyond their adaptation limits. Clonal plants might be particularly affected due to limited genotypic diversity of their populations, potentially decreasing their adaptability. We therefore tested the ability of a widely distributed predominantly clonally reproducing herb (Fragaria vesca) to cope with periods of drought and flooding in climatic conditions predicted to occur at the end of the twenty-first century, i.e. on average 4 °C warmer and with twice the concentration of CO2in the air (800 ppm) than the current state. We found thatF. vescacan phenotypically adjust to future climatic conditions, although its drought resistance may be reduced. Increased temperature and CO2levels in the air had a far greater effect on growth, phenology, reproduction, and gene expression than the temperature increase itself, and promoted resistance ofF. vescato repeated flooding periods. Higher temperature promoted clonal over sexual reproduction, and increased temperature and CO2concentration in the air triggered change in expression of genes controlling the level of self-pollination. We conclude thatF. vescacan acclimatise to predicted climate change, but the increased ratio of clonal to sexual reproduction and the alteration of genes involved in the self-(in)compatibility system may be associated with reduced genotypic diversity of its populations, which may negatively impact its ability to genetically adapt to novel climate in the long-term.
Molecular characteristics of microsatellite stable early-onset colorectal cancer as predictors of prognosis and immunotherapeutic response
Authors: Lu Can , Zhang Xiaopeng , Schardey Josefine , Wirth Ulrich , Heinrich Kathrin , Massiminio Luca , Cavestro Giulia Martina , Neumann Jens , Bazhin Alexandr V. , Werner Jens , Kühn Florian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EO-CRC, in patients younger than 50) is increasing worldwide. The specific gene signatures in EO-CRC patients are largely unknown. Since EO-CRC with microsatellite instability is frequently associated with Lynch syndrome, we aimed to comprehensively characterize the tumor microenvironment (TME) and gene expression profiles of EO-CRC with microsatellite stable (MSS-EO-CRC). Here, we demonstrated that MSS-EO-CRC has a similar pattern of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, immunotherapeutic responses, consensus molecular subtypes, and prognosis as late-onset CRC with MSS (MSS-LO-CRC). 133 differential expressed genes were identified as unique gene signatures of MSS-EO-CRC. Moreover, we established a risk score, which was positively associated with PD-L1 expression and could reflect both the level of tumor-infiltrating immune cells and the prognosis of MSS-EO-CRC patients. Application of this score on the anti-PD-L1 treatment cohort demonstrated that the low-risk score group has significant therapeutic advantages and clinical benefits. In addition, candidate driver genes were identified in the different-sidedness of MSS-EO-CRC patients. Altogether, MSS-EO-CRC exhibits distinct molecular profiles that differ from MSS-LO-CRC even though they have a similar TME characterization and survival pattern. Our risk score appears to be robust enough to predict prognosis and immunotherapeutic response and therefore could help to optimize the treatment of MSS-EO-CRC.
Effective impurity behavior emergent from non-Hermitian proximity effect
Authors: Wu Deguang , Chen Jiasong , Su Wei , Wang Rui , Wang Baigeng , Xing D. Y. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNon-Hermitian boundaries commonly take place in many open quantum systems locally coupled to a surrounding environment. Here, we reveal a type of non-Hermitian effect induced by non-Hermitian boundaries, the non-Hermitian proximity effect (NHPE), which describes the penetration of non-Hermiticity from the boundary into the bulk. For gapped quantum systems, the NHPE generates in-gap states with imaginary eigenenergies, termed “imaginary in-gap states". The imaginary in-gap states are localized at the system boundary and decay into the bulk, analogous to the behaviors of the conventional impurity states. However, in contrast to impurity states, the imaginary in-gap states exhibit distinct dynamical behaviors under time-evolution. Moreover, they are physically manifested as corner modes under open boundaries, as a combined result of the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) and NHPE. These results not only uncover implicit similarities between quantum systems with non-Hermitian boundaries and impurity physics, but also point to intriguing non-Hermitian phenomena broadly relevant to open quantum systems.
Volcanic ash deposition as a selection mechanism towards woodiness
Authors: Beierkuhnlein Carl , Nogales Manuel , Field Richard , Vetaas Ole R. , Walentowitz Anna , Weiser Frank , Stahlmann Reinhold , Guerrero-Campos María , Jentsch Anke , Medina Félix M. , Chiarucci Alessandro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe high proportion of woody plant species on oceanic islands has hitherto been explained mainly by gradual adaptation to climatic conditions. Here, we present a novel hypothesis that such woodiness is adaptative to volcanic ash (tephra) deposition. Oceanic islands are subject to frequent eruptions with substantial and widespread ash deposition on evolutionary time scales. We postulate that this selects for woodiness through an increased ability to avoid burial of plant organs by ash, and to re-emerge above the new land surface. We sense-checked using observations of plant occurrences and distributions on La Palma (Canary Islands) in April 2022, 4 months after the end of the eruptions of the Tajogaite volcano (Cumbre Vieja ridge). In contrast to herbs and grasses, most woody plants persisted and were already in full flower in areas with 10+ cm ash deposition. Remarkably, these persisting woody plants were almost exclusively endemics.
Data‐driven consistent control with data compensation for a class of unknown nonlinear multiagent systems with constraints
Authors: Wu Lipu , Li Zhen , Liu Shida , Li Zhijun , Sun Dehui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo solve the problem of longitudinal cooperative formation driving control of multiple vehicles, a novel model‐free adaptive control algorithm with data compensation under constraint conditions (COM‐cMFAC) is proposed in this manuscript. In the COM‐cMFAC algorithm, the pseudo partial derivative (PPD), which is a time‐varying parameter, is used to linearize the nonlinear dynamics of the multivehicle cooperative system by using dynamic linearization technology. Then, a COM‐cMFAC controller is designed. For the case of data packet loss, the proposed controller uses a data compensation mechanism that estimates and compensates for the lost data through the data collected at the previous moment to perform packet loss control. Additionally, the controller considers the constrained input and output problems that will occur in the actual control process and imposes input and output constraints. The main advantage of the COM‐cMFAC algorithm is that the entire control process only needs the input and output data of the multivehicle cooperative system, and it also has a good control effect in the case of packet loss. The stability of the proposed method is verified through strict mathematical analysis, and its effectiveness is verified by semiphysical experiments based on a MATLAB/Simulink and Carsim platform connection environment.
Implementation and reliability analysis of a new non‐isolated quadratic buck–boost converter using improved Markov modelling
Authors: Malick Ifham H. , Zaid Mohammad , Ahmad Javed , Varesi Kazem , Lin Chang‐Hua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHere, a new buck–boost converter with reliability analysis is proposed. The converter has utilized a new voltage multiplier cell at the input side to boost the output voltage. It has a continuous input current with a wide range of duty cycle operations. The converter achieves unity gain at 26.8% duty cycle and can also operate in continuous and discontinuous conduction modes in buck and boost modes. The detailed reliability analysis of the proposed converter using improved Markov modelling is also presented by considering both open circuit and short circuit faults across the semiconductor devices. The variation of reliability and the mean time to failure (MTTF) with different converter parameters like the duty cycle and the input voltage is also discussed here. The hardware results of the developed prototype converter are also presented here at varying duty ratios. The power loss analysis and comparison of the converter with other newly proposed buck–boost topologies show the advantages of the proposed converter. For checking the stability of the converter, the state space model of the converter is also discussed in detail of the proposed converter.
A high-latitude coronal mass ejection observed by a constellation of coronagraphs: Solar Orbiter/Metis, STEREO-A/COR2, and SOHO/LASCO
Authors: Zimbardo G. , Ying B. , Nisticò G. , Feng L. , Rodríguez-García L. , Panasenco O. , Andretta V. , Banerjee D. , Bemporad A. , De Leo Y. , Franci L. , Frassati F. , Habbal S. , Long D. , Magdalenic J. , Mancuso S. , Naletto G. , Perri S. , Romoli M. , Spadaro D. , Stangalini M. , Strachan L. , Susino R. , Vainio R. , Velli M. , Cohen C. M. S. , Giacalone J. , Shen M. , Telloni D. , Abbo L. , Burtovoi A. , Jerse G. , Landini F. , Nicolini G. , Pancrazzi M. , Russano G. , Sasso C. , Uslenghi M. 
Published: July 2023

Context. A few days before the first perihelion of the Solar Orbiter nominal mission, which occurred on 2022 March 26, the Metis coronagraph on board Solar Orbiter detected a coronal mass ejection (CME) that was moving away from the far side of the Sun (with respect to Solar Orbiter) at high northern latitudes. The eruption was also seen by other spacecraft, in particular, by STEREO-A, which was in quadrature configuration with Solar Orbiter.
Aims. We analyse the different views of the CME by a constellation of spacecraft with the purpose to determine the speed and acceleration of the CME, and to identify the source region of the CME.
Methods. Considering the positions of various spacecraft on 2022 March 22, this CME happened to be within the field of view of STEREO-A/SECCHI, and it was visible over the limb from SOHO/LASCO. We present the results of the 3D reconstruction of the CME based on the graduated cylindrical shell model and of the identification of the possible origin of the CME using extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) observations by Solar Orbiter/EUI, STEREO-A/EUVI, and SDO/AIA. The observations in EUV are compared with the coronal magnetic structure obtained by the potential field source surface method.
Results. The 3D reconstruction of the CME derives a central latitude of 29° N, a Stonyhurst longitude of −125°, and an average radial speed at the apex of 322 ± 33 km s−1 between 4 and 13 R⊙, which is probably not high enough to generate a shock wave. The estimated average acceleration of the CME is 16 ± 11 m s−2 in the same range of distances from the Sun. This CME may be associated with the disappearance of a coronal cloud prominence, which is seen in the EUV by STEREO-A/EUVI and SDO/AIA, and is also associated with rapidly evolving emerging magnetic flux.