bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis Methods of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Fatmawati Titin , Shiddiq Muhandis , Armynah Bidayatul , Tahir Dahlang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMagnetic nanoparticles made from organic and inorganic materials have gained significant technological progress and are widely applied in biomedicine, including magnetic resonance imaging, targeted drug delivery systems, biosensors, hyperthermia, and tissue engineering. The most reported synthesis methods include hydrothermal, sol‐gel, laser ablation, microemulsion, and ball‐milling methods. The synthesis parameters have a strong correlation with essential properties, such as phase, size, and surface morphology, which greatly influence the macroscopic properties and potential applications of the particles. Different preparation methods result in magnetic nanoparticles with varying characteristics, and the appropriate method can be chosen based on the requirements of the specific application. Two effective methods for synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles are coprecipitation and hydrothermal method because the preparation is relatively simple with low energy consumption, and uniform and homogeneous crystals are obtained.
Stretchable alkenamides terminated Ti3C2Tx MXenes to release strain for lattice‐stable mixed‐halide perovskite solar cells with suppressed halide segregation
Authors: Yao Xuemei , Duan Jialong , Zhao Yuanyuan , Zhang Junshuai , Guo Qiyao , Zhang Qiaoyu , Yang Xiya , Duan Yanyan , Yang Peizhi , Tang Qunwei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBandgap‐tunable mixed‐halide perovskite materials have attracted considerable interest because of their indispensability as top counterparts in tandem solar cells. However, the soft and disordered lattice always suffers from severe phase segregation under illumination, which is particularly susceptible to residual lattice strain. Herein, we report a strain regulation strategy by using alkenamides terminated Ti3C2Tx MXenes as an additive into perovskite precursor. Apart from the role of a template for grain growth to obtain high‐quality films, the stretchable alkyl chain promotes lattice shrinkage or expansion to form an elastic grain boundary to eliminate the spatially distributed stain and shut down ion migration channels. As a result, the all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells based on CsPbIBr2 and CsPbI2Br halides achieve prolonged device stability under harsh conditions and the best power conversion efficiencies up to 11.06% and 14.30%, respectively.
Amino‐Acid‐Assisted Synthesis of Hollow Hierarchical FER Zeolite with Improved Catalytic Performance
Authors: Jiao Feng , Li Hao , Hu Qing , Xu Yanan , Guo Hailing , Du Hongbin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHierarchical zeolites are highly‐desired catalysts in the petrochemical industry due to their shorter diffusion length, faster diffusion rate, and better accessibility to active acid sites compared with conventional zeolites. Herein, we report a simple amino‐acid‐assisted method to synthesize urchin‐like hollow hierarchical FER zeolites with abundant mesopores and macroporous inner cavities. An amino acid (i. e. L‐lysine) is used to facilitate the agglomeration of primary gel nanoparticles. The preferential nucleation and crystal growth at the external surfaces together with the lagged crystallization of the inner core of the agglomerates results in the formation of hollow inner cavities after the exhaustion of interior materials. Thanks to the unique hierarchical structure and more accessible acid sites, the hollow hierarchical FER zeolite exhibits improved catalytic performance over the conventional one in the skeletal isomerization of 1‐butene to isobutene.
Determination of the Handedness of Urea Inclusion Compounds
Authors: Wang Bo , Xu Chaofan , Liang Wenli , Pongkulapa Pasaorn , Lin Yiqing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSince the discovery of urea inclusion compounds (UICs) in 1940, the handedness of this chiral helical system has not been established experimentally. Here three UIC systems containing only light atoms were studied. The optical rotations were first measured, and the absolute structures of the enantiomorphic domains of three UICs were determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD). The correlation between the optical rotation and the absolute configuration of the UICs was finally established, showcasing the power of absolute structure determination by SCXRD, which is essential in structural chemistry and pharmaceutical research.
Linear (−)‐Zampanolide: Flexibility in Conformation–Activity Relationships
Authors: Umaña Christian A. , Henry Jeffrey L. , Saltzman Claire T. , Sackett Dan L. , Jenkins Lisa M. , Taylor Richard E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThrough an understanding of the conformational preferences of the polyketide natural product (−)‐zampanolide, and the structural motifs that control these preferences, we developed a linear zampanolide analogue that exhibits potent cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. This discovery provides a set of three structural handles for further structure‐activity relationship (SAR) studies of this potent microtubule‐stabilizing agent. Moreover, it provides additional evidence of the complex relationship between ligand preorganization, conformational flexibility, and biological potency. In contrast to medicinal chemistry dogma, these results demonstrate that increased overall conformational flexibility is not necessarily detrimental to protein binding affinity and biological activity.
Therapeutic exposures and pubertal testicular dysfunction are associated with adulthood milestones and paternity after childhood cancer
Authors: Korhonen Melanie , Tainio Juuso , Koskela Mikael , Madanat‐Harjuoja Laura‐Maria , Jahnukainen Kirsi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer therapy may cause long‐term effects. This cross‐sectional study evaluated adulthood milestones in male childhood cancer survivors (CCS).MethodsThe study population comprised 252 male CCS with 6 to 42 years of survival diagnosed at the Children’s Hospital in Helsinki (1964–2000) at the age of 0 to 17 years. Sex‐, age‐, and area of residence–matched population controls were randomly selected from the Finnish national registries. Data on moving away from the parental home, marital status, offspring, and adoption in CCS were compared with the population controls. We analyzed the influence of chemotherapy and radiation exposures and testicular dysfunction (ever nontestosterone‐substituted serum follicle stimulating hormone >15 IU/L, luteinizing hormone >15 IU/L, testosterone <2 ng/mL (5 nmol/L), need of testosterone replacement therapy, or testicular volume <12 mL at the end of puberty) during pubertal maturation on long‐term social outcomes.ResultsCCS moved away from their parental home as frequently as population controls (97.8% vs. 98.5%, p = .45). CCS were less likely to marry or live in a registered relationship (46.4% vs. 57.5%, p < .001), especially when diagnosed at a young age (<4 years). Among those married, the probability of divorce was similar between CCS and population controls (27.4% vs. 23.8%, p = .41). Survivors were less likely to sire a child (38.5% vs. 59.1%, p < .001) and more likely to adopt (2% vs. 0.4%, p = .015). Lower probability of paternity was associated with hematopoietic stem cell therapy, testicular radiation dose >6 Gy, pubertal signs of testicular dysfunction (nontestosterone‐substituted serum follicle stimulating hormone >15 IU/L, luteinizing hormone >15 IU/L, testosterone <2 ng/mL (5 nmol/L), or need of testosterone replacement therapy during puberty, or testicular volume <12 mL at the end of puberty) or azoospermia after puberty.ConclusionsThis study emphasizes the value of pubertal monitoring of testicular function to estimate future probability of paternity. If no signs of dysfunction occurred during pubertal follow‐up, paternity was comparable to population controls. Testicular radiation dose >6 Gy appeared to be the strongest risk factor for decreased paternity.Plain Language Summary

Treatment with intensive therapies, including hematopoietic stem cell therapy, testicular radiation dose >6 Gy, and signs of testicular dysfunction, during puberty are important risk factors for lower rates of fertility.
Intensive therapies and testicular dysfunction itself do not similarly hamper psychosocial milestones in adulthood; cancer diagnosis at a very young age (<4 years) lower the probability of marriage.
This study accentuates the importance of monitoring of pubertal development, emphasizing on testicular function, not only sperm analysis, to estimate future fertility among male childhood cancer survivors.
Mathematical and numerical analyses of cellular, molecular and angiogenic parameters of a rat skin wound healing model
Authors: Oliveira Marta H. , Gushiken Lucas F. S. , Pellizzon Cláudia H. , Ferreira Francini P. , Mancera Paulo F. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe inflammatory phase is an important event in the skin wound healing process. The deposition of granulation tissue in the wound bed and the rebuilding of the vascular network occur as inflammation diminishes. An angiogenic component in the formation of granulation tissue is the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor, which assists in the chemotaxis, proliferation, and replication of fibroblasts. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model of skin wound healing angiogenic factors based on inflammatory cells (macrophages and neutrophils) and mediators (interleukin 6 and interleukin 10). We highlight the importance of this process in vascular endothelial growth factor release and in the formation of new capillary tips. We used a mathematical model of partial differential equations based on the reaction‐diffusion‐advection equations. In order to calibrate the parameters, we considered an in vivo model composed by four treatments: hydroalcoholic extract and oil‐resin of Copaifera langsdorffii at 10% concentration, collagenase, and Lanette cream. Using the laboratory data for the wound edge, our mathematical model estimated the values of vascular endothelial growth factor concentration, and tips density in the center of the wound with a maximum error of 2.9%, and predicted healing time required for each treatment. The region of viability for the parameters, in the proposed model, was found through numerical simulations from the Interleukin 6 and 10 dysregulation and we obtained that, among the parameters analyzed, the greatest influencer in the dynamics of the system is the one, which represents the production of Interleukin 10 during phagocytosis.
Mercaptoalkyl Groups Anchored on the Layer Surface of New α‐Zirconium Phosphate Phosphonates for the Stabilization of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Pica Monica , Lixi Simone , Donnadio Anna , Casciola Mario , Nocchetti Morena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLayered zirconium phosphate mercaptoalkylphosphonates, with general composition Zr(O3POH)2‐x(O3P(CH2)11SH)x, where x=0.4–1.4, are prepared according to two procedures: direct reaction between a zirconyl salt and a mixture of phosphoric/phosphonic acid in propanol, or topotactic ion exchange reaction of phosphate groups of nanocrystalline α‐Zr(O3POH)2 with mercaptoundecylphosphonate groups. FT‐IR analysis and XPS proves the presence of the mercapto groups and, according to X‐Ray diffraction analysis, they result randomly distributed on the layer surface. The solids are used as supports for gold nanoparticles synthesized according to three different methods: reaction of HAuCl4 with NaBH4, added after 24 hours (Procedure A), or concomitantly (Procedure B) to the addition of the Au(III) salt to the solid suspension, or by mixing the solid suspension with a colloidal dispersion of gold nanoparticles prepared according to the Turkevich method (Procedure C). The best results were obtained with Procedure B, that provided composites with gold nanoparticles having an average size of (6±2) nm.
FRET causing misleading signal from fluorescein excited by the violet laser in flow cytometry
Authors: Waeckel Louis , Khenine Hana , Berger Anne‐Emmanuelle , Lambert Claude 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMultiple immunolabeling introduces high risks of interferences between fluorescences. As an example, in analyzing T cell clonality, we recently reported a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) effect providing an unexpected signal on B770 (PE‐Cy7) detector, on the Vβ‐PE positive CD3 APC‐Alexa750+ T cell subsets. Here, we report another FRET effect produced by the violet laser in Vβ‐FITC positive CD3‐Pacific Blue (PB) T cells providing signal on V550 (Krome Orange; KrO) detector. The study was performed on fresh whole blood, labeled with anti‐CD3‐PB, CD8‐KrO, Vbeta FITC, Vbeta PE, CD4 AA750 then fixed, treated for erythrolysis, and washed before analysis on DxFlex cytometer from Beckman Coulter. Data were analyzed using Kaluza software. Using this panel, we repeatedly observed an added CD8dim‐KrO (V550) cell population on all Vβ FITC positive T cells. The unexpected green signal excited by the violet laser was still observed after removing anti‐CD8‐KrO (FMO) but disappeared where either anti‐CD3‐PB or anti‐Vβ‐FITC was removed. The effect was also observed with an anti‐TCR gamma delta‐FITC labeling, but not with another FITC labeled antibody targeting a protein out of the CD3‐TCR complex. The analysis of fluorochrome spectra confirms that PB emission and FITC excitation spectra partly overlap. This observation clearly reminds users that FRET can give misleading results in case of labeling of very close markers with complementary fluorochromes. This risk has to be considered in panel design. These observations clearly highlight the potential for FRET to give misleading results in cases where very close markers are labeled with complementary fluorochromes. This risk must be considered when designing panels. To our knowledge, this is the first description of a FRET between PB and FITC as acceptor thus excited by the violet laser.
Water‐limited environments affect the association between functional diversity and forest productivity
Authors: Lammerant Roel , Rita Angelo , Borghetti Marco , Muscarella Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe link between biodiversity and ecosystem function can depend on environmental conditions. This contingency can impede our ability to predict how biodiversity‐ecosystem function (BEF) relationships will respond to future environmental change, causing a clear need to explore the processes underlying shifts in BEF relationships across large spatial scales and broad environmental gradients. We compiled a dataset on five functional traits (maximum height, wood density, specific leaf area [SLA], seed size, and xylem vulnerability to embolism [P50]), covering 78%–90% of the tree species in the National Forest Inventory from Italy, to test (i) how a water limitation gradient shapes the functional composition and diversity of forests, (ii) how functional composition and diversity of trees relate to forest annual increment via mass ratio and complementarity effects, and (iii) how the relationship between functional diversity and annual increment varies between Mediterranean and temperate climate regions. Functional composition varied with water limitation; tree communities tended to have more conservative traits in sites with higher levels of water limitation. The response of functional diversity differed among traits and climatic regions but among temperate forest plots, we found a consistent increase of functional diversity with water limitation. Tree diversity was positively associated with annual increment of Italian forests through a combination of mass ratio and niche complementarity effects, but the relative importance of these effects depended on the trait and range of climate considered. Specifically, niche complementarity effects were more strongly associated with annual increment in the Mediterranean compared to temperate forests. Synthesis: Overall, our results suggest that biodiversity mediates forest annual increment under water‐limited conditions by promoting beneficial interactions between species and complementarity in resource use. Our work highlights the importance of conserving functional diversity for future forest management to maintain forest annual increment under the expected increase in intensity and frequency of drought.
Policy integration by implementation: Lessons from frontline staff policy practices around small‐scale gold mining in Liberia
Authors: Fallah Rebecca K. , Evers Jaap , Hermans Leon M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnvironmental policy integration is needed to ensure environmental policy goals are being realized, given their cross‐sectoral nature. Most of the published research has focused on integration and coherence of (inter)national policies, plans, and programs. The implementation practices for these policies, however, are at least as important. This paper therefore looks at policy implementation for the case of artisanal gold mining in Liberia. This is studied through a lens of frontline staff (street‐level bureaucrats) who operate in networks of local government agencies, civil society organizations, and communities. Results of interviews and field observations in Grand Gedeh county show how the policy context and local realities create specific dilemmas, resulting from the combination of limited resources of local frontline staff, low‐income security for local communities and traditional local practices around protected forest areas. In response local frontline bureaucrats use their discretionary power and network to mobilize support, pool resources, combine mandates, and find creative solutions to both regulate and support community residents. Although these implementation strategies are neither necessarily sufficient to realize the official policy goals, nor are guaranteed to have the desired effects, they do show how local frontline staff act as de facto policymakers. Recognizing frontline staff as environmental policy integrators therefore is a crucial element toward more successful policies for sustainable development.
A Dual Photoredox‐ and Cp2TiCl2‐Catalyzed Approach for the Direct Access to α‐Vinyl‐β‐hydroxy Esters
Authors: Pinosa Emanuele , Gualandi Andrea , Fermi Andrea , Ceroni Paola , Cozzi Pier Giorgio , Calogero Francesco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor the first time, a dual photoredox‐ and titanocene‐catalyzed methodology for the regioselective access to α‐vinyl‐β‐hydroxy esters towards aldehyde allylation with 4‐bromobut‐2‐enoate is reported. The protocol is based on the Barbier‐type properties of the inexpensive and available Cp2TiCl2 in catalytic amount (5 mol%). The developed mild reaction conditions gave access to a library of differently functionalized α‐vinyl‐β‐hydroxy esters in moderate diastereoselectivity, employing the commercially available ethyl 4‐bromobut‐2‐enoate and both aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes. The reaction was realized under visible light irradiation, in the presence of an organophotocatalyst (3DPAFIPN, 2 mol%) combined with Hantzsch's ester as the sacrificial reductant. In contrast to other Barbier‐type reactions employing ethyl 4‐bromobut‐2‐enoate, the photoredox system ensures a better regioselectivity. Moreover, the use of preformed organometallic nucleophilic species (e. g., dienolborinates), and the need of metal reductants or stoichiometric amount of transition metals in low oxidation state for Barbier‐type reactions, is avoided. To support the experimental evidence, a detailed photophysical study shed light on the mechanism of the reaction.
BF3 ⋅ Et2O‐Mediated Annulation of 2‐Alkynyl Biaryls with N‐(Arylthio) Succinimides: An Efficient Approach to Access 9‐Sulfenylphenanthrenes
Authors: Jin Haoru , Zhou Chao , Li Hongji , Li Pinhua , Wang Lei , Miao Tao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA simple and effective method for the synthesis of 9‐sulfenylphenanthrenes was developed via BF3 ⋅ OEt2‐mediated annulation of 2‐alkynyl biaryls with N‐arylthio succinimides at room temperature. Through this methodology, a series of 9‐sulfenylphenanthrenes could be efficiently and conveniently obtained in good to excellent yields under mild and metal‐free conditions.
Response spectrum method for structures subjected to vertical ground motions: Absolute acceleration method
Authors: Acosta Andrés A. , Miranda Eduardo , Deierlein Gregory G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough a wide variety of response spectrum methods have been developed to estimate peak horizontal building responses, much less attention has been devoted to study the applicability of those methods for the vertical direction or to develop new methods to estimate peak vertical building responses. Vertical building responses can be significant for structures located close to the earthquake rupture, and for buildings with fundamental period of vibration within the range of most energy content of the vertical component of the ground motion (typically 0.05 to 0.15 s). The frequency content of the vertical component is significantly different to that in the horizontal components; thus, it is not clear if previous methods are applicable. We present a new alternative response spectrum analysis (RSA) method to estimate absolute accelerations in the vertical direction, which is a modified version of a previously studied modal combination rule developed for the horizontal components of motion. This formulation is derived based on the use of modal absolute accelerations, and we compare it to the traditional complete quadratic combination (CQC). In the proposed method, we develop simplified equations to estimate the necessary correlation coefficients for the vertical direction which are calibrated to fit empirical correlations computed from the vertical response of single degree of freedom systems subjected to a set of 90 vertical components of recorded ground motions. We also compute these correlations by using an improved power spectral density (PSD) function, which is as an enhanced version of the modified Kanai‐Tajimi PSD to represent the frequency content in the vertical direction which differs from that in the horizontal direction. To evaluate the proposed modal combination rule, we compare the RSA results to those obtained using response history analyses (RHA) of peak responses for a simplified model consisting of a prismatic bar fixed only at one end, as well as for 2D frames. We show that the proposed modal combination rule can estimate peak building responses with higher accuracy than the commonly used CQC modal combination rule, for any general building configuration at any structural location.
Revisiting Utricularia triphylla Ule
Authors: da Silva Nílber Gonçalves , da Silva de Menezes Ana Clara , Bernardo João Pedro , Kessous Igor Musauer , Batista Lais Mendonça , Alves Ruy José Valka 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe nomenclatural history, morphology, and typification of Utricularia triphylla Ule are discussed. We preferred to follow the current classification that the species is a synonym of U. geminiloba Benj., as more evidence and new conclusions will only be possible with new fresh material. A lectotype and an epitype are selected here.