bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of Topical Tapinarof for the Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis
Authors: Grossmann Meghan C. , Pixley Jessica N. , Feldman Steven R. 
Published: April 2023

Objective: This article reviews the efficacy and safety of 1% tapinarof cream for plaque psoriasis. Data sources: A literature search was conducted from August 2022 to February 2023. The terms tapinarof, VTAMA, benvitimod, GSK2894512, DMVT-505, and WBI-1001 were queried in PubMed. ClinicalTrials.gov was searched to identify ongoing or unpublished studies. Study selection and data extraction: All clinical trials written in English and relevant to pharmacology, efficacy, and safety were included. Data synthesis: In two 12-week phase III clinical trials, disease severity assessed by a Physician’s Global Assessment (PGA) score of clear or almost clear and a 2-point PGA improvement was 35.4% and 40.2% at week 12 in the 2 trials, respectively. In the 40-week, open-label extension trial, the efficacy and safety results were similar: 40.9% of patients achieved a PGA of 0 at least once during the trial, and 58.2% of patients with PGA ≥ 2 achieved PGA 0/1 at least once. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice in Comparison to Existing Drugs: Tapinarof is a topical aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist and a first-in-class, potentially promising treatment for plaque psoriasis recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Conclusion: Compared with placebo, tapinarof may be an effective and safe topical treatment for mild to severe plaque psoriasis. Head-to-head trials to compare the efficacy and adverse effect profile of tapinarof to other topical treatments are still needed, as are investigation in patients with recent or current use of phototherapy or biologic or nonbiologic systemics. Cost and adherence to treatment may be barriers for treatment efficacy.
Immune-Related Genes’ Prognostic, Therapeutic and Diagnostic Value in Ovarian Cancer Immune-Related Gene Biomarker in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Ding Bo , Yan Wenjing , Shen Siyuan , Meng Dan , Chen Xue , Wang Shizhi , Shen Yang 
Published: April 2023

Objectives The abnormal expression of immune-related genes (IRGs) plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of ovarian cancer (OC), which is the main cause of mortality among gynecological cancer patients. This study aims to establish a prognostic risk model and comprehensively analyze the relationship between OC risk score and prognosis, immune cell infiltration (ICI) and therapeutic sensitivity in OC. Methods We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathological characteristics of consecutive OC patients in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. First, the prognostic risk model was constructed by bioinformatics methods. And then, we systematically assessed model robustness, and correlations between risk score and prognosis, and immune cell infiltration. The ICGC cohort was used to verify the prognostic risk model. Finally, we evaluated their value in the treatment of OC immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Results A total of 10 IRGs were identified to construct the prognostic risk model. Survival analysis revealed that patients in the low-risk group had a better prognosis ( P < .01), and the risk score might be considered an independent predictor for predicting the prognosis. In addition, risk scores and patient clinical information were used to construct clinical nomograms, improving the prediction’s precision. We also explored the relationship between the risk score and ICI, immunotherapy and drug sensitivity. Conclusions Collectively, we identified a novel ten IRGs signature that may be applied as a prognostic predictor of OC, thereby benefiting clinical decision-making and personalized treatment of patients.
Does circle priming improve smart infusion pump and electronic health record interoperability for chemotherapy in a pediatric hematology/oncology setting?
Authors: Agedal Kaitlyn J , Steidl Kelly E , Burgess Jeni L , Seabury Robert W , Wojnowicz Sarabeth R 
Published: April 2023

Introduction The objective of this project was to assess the percentage of interoperability compliance within our pediatric hematology/oncology patient care areas for intravenous chemotherapy medications before and after the implementation of circle priming. Methods We conducted a retrospective quality improvement project at an inpatient pediatric hematology/oncology floor and outpatient pediatric infusion center before and after implementation of circle priming. Results There was a statistically significant increase in percent interoperability compliance for the inpatient pediatric hematology/oncology floor from 4.1% prior to implementation of circle priming to 35.6% after (odds ratio 13.1 (95% CI, 3.96−43.1), p < 0.001), as well as for the outpatient pediatric infusion center from 18.5% to 47.3%, respectively (odds ratio 3.9 (95% CI, 2.7−5.9), p < 0.001). Conclusion Implementation of circle priming has significantly increased the percentage of interoperability compliance for intravenous chemotherapy medications in our pediatric hematology/oncology patient care areas.
Intracerebral de novo arterio-venous malformations as a side effect of bevacizumab
Authors: Elmali Aysenur , Gocmen Rahsan , Kilickap Saadettin , Yazici Gozde 
Published: April 2023

Introduction Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody for the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and is utilized in the treatment of various tumors. Gastrointestinal perforation/fistula, heart failure, hemorrhage, hypertension, proteinuria/nephrotic syndrome, thromboembolism, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and necrotizing fasciitis are serious side effects of bevacizumab. Bevacizumab associated de novo brain arterio-venous malformation formation has not been documented in the literature. Case report Here, we presented a 35-year-old female patient with recurrent high-grade glial tumor who developed multiple supra- and infratentorial de novo arterio-venous malformations after receiving the last dose of bevacizumab. Management & Outcome Intervention options for the adverse effect were limited. In fact, there was no chance of intervention because the patient died for another reason. Discussion Based on this experience, it can be hypothesized that bevacizumab may induce de novo arterio-venous malformations in the brain as a result of arterial and venous thrombotic effects. Additional studies should be done to clarify the causal relationship between bevacizumab and arterio-venous malformations in primary brain tumors.
Correlates of Insulin Resistance in Nascent Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Adams-Huet Beverley , Jialal Ishwarlal 
Published: April 2023

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), a major global problem, is a cluster of cardio-metabolic risk factors that predisposes to both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Insulin resistance is a major underpinning of MetS. Objectives: We investigated the relationship between insulin resistance and biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress, free fatty acids (FFA) levels and adipokine dysregulation in a cohort of nascent MetS. Design: This was a cross-sectional study comparing patients with MetS with matched controls. Patients and Methods: Participants included 47 patients with MetS and 41 controls. Persons with diabetes, ASCVD, smoking and macro-inflammation were excluded. Fasting blood was obtained for both plasma and monocyte isolation. Homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated from fasting glucose and insulin levels. Results: The patients were insulin resistant as determined by a valid measure, HOMA-IR. HOMA-IR increased with increasing severity of MetS and correlated with cardio-metabolic features, hsCRP, FFA levels, and adipose tissue insulin resistance. Insulin resistance also correlated with biomarkers of oxidative stress and both circulating and cellular biomarkers of inflammation. Receiver operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that HOMA-IR was an excellent predictor of MetS with an area under the curve of 0.80. Conclusion: In our patients with nascent MetS we show that they have significant insulin resistance. Based on our findings, elevated FFA levels, oxidative stress and inflammation could contribute to the insulin resistance.
Comparative Effectiveness of Combined and Single Neurostimulation and Traditional Dysphagia Therapies for Post-Stroke Dysphagia: A Network Meta-Analysis
Authors: Banda Kondwani Joseph , Wu Ko-Chiu , Jen Hsiu-Ju , Chu Hsin , Pien Li-Chung , Chen Ruey , Lee Tso-Ying , Lin Sheng-Kai , Hung Shih-Han , Chou Kuei-Ru 
Published: April 2023

Background Comparative therapeutic benefits of combined and single neurostimulation therapies including neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES), pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), and traditional dysphagia therapy (TDT) remain unknown in post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) rehabilitation. Therefore, we performed the first network meta-analysis (NMA) to determine comparative effectiveness of combined and single neurostimulation and traditional dysphagia therapies for PSD. Methods A frequentist NMA model was performed with therapy effect sizes presented as standardized mean differences (SMD) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for therapy comparisons while netrank function ranked the therapies in R-Software. Meta-regression models for study characteristics were analyzed using Bayesian NMA Model. Results Overall, 50 randomized controlled studies with 2250 participants were included. NMES + TDT 3.82 (95% CI, 1.62-6.01), tDCS + TDT 3.34 (95% CI, 1.09-5.59), rTMS + TDT 3.32 (95% CI, 1.18-5.47), NMES 2.69 (95% CI, 0.44-4.93), and TDT 2.27 (95% CI, 0.12-4.41) demonstrated very large effect in improving swallowing function. NMES + TDT −0.50 (95% CI, −0.68 to −0.32, rTMS + TDT −0.44 (95% CI, −0.67 to −0.21), TDT −0.28 (95% CI, −0.46 to −0.10), and NMES −0.19 (95% CI, −0.34 to −0.04) demonstrated medium to small effect in reducing pharyngeal transit time (PTT). rTMS −0.51 (95% CI, −0.93 to −0.08) demonstrated medium effect in reducing oral transit time (OTT). No significant therapy comparison differences were found for reducing aspiration/penetration. The highest ranked therapy was NMES + TDT for better swallowing function and reduction of PTT, rTMS for reduction of OTT, and tDCS + TDT for reduction of aspiration/penetration. Therapeutic effects of the therapies were moderated by frequency, sessions, and duration. Conclusion Combined therapies including NMES + TDT, tDCS + TDT, and rTMS + TDT demonstrate better therapeutic effect for improved swallowing function and reduction of PTT, OTT, and aspiration/penetration for PSD.
Effect of Robot-Assisted Gait Training on Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Yang Fu-An , Lin Chien-Lin , Huang Wan-Chien , Wang Hsun-Yi , Peng Chih-Wei , Chen Hung-Chou 
Published: April 2023

Background In recent meta-analyses, robot-assisted gait training for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have yielded limited clinical benefits compared with conventional overground gait training. Objective To investigate the effect of robot-assisted gait training for patients with MS on clinical outcomes through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We searched for relevant studies in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Physiotherapy Evidence Database databases from their inception to April 7, 2022. We selected studies that (1) included participants with MS, (2) used robot-assisted gait training as the intervention, (3) included conventional overground gait training or another gait training protocol as control treatment, and (4) reported clinical outcomes. Continuous variables are expressed as standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical analyses were performed using RevMan 5.4 software. Results We included 16 studies enrolling 536 participants. Significant improvement was observed in the intervention group, with low heterogeneity at the end of the intervention with regard to walking velocity (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.15, 0.60]), walking endurance (SMD: 0.26, 95% CI [0.04, 0.48]), mobility (SMD: −0.37, 95% CI [−0.60, −0.14]), balance (SMD: 0.26, 95% CI [0.04, 0.48]), and fatigue (SMD: −0.27, 95% CI [−0.49, −0.04]). The results of subgroup analyses revealed improvements in these outcomes for the intervention group using grounded exoskeletons. No significant differences were noted in all the outcomes between the groups at follow-up. Conclusions Robot-assisted gait training with grounded exoskeletons exerts a positive short-term effect and is an adequate treatment option for patients with MS.
Anatomical Variations of the First Dorsal Compartment in de Quervain Tenosynovitis
Authors: Liu Christina , Moye Stephen , Blazar Philip , Earp Brandon E. , Zhang Dafang 
Published: April 2023

Background: De Quervain tenosynovitis of the wrist is a common pathology. The primary aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus (APL) anatomical variations in association with de Quervain tenosynovitis. The secondary aim was to compare additional patient-specific factors associated with de Quervain tenosynovitis. Methods: This retrospective study included 172 patients with de Quervain tenosynovitis who underwent first dorsal compartment release and 179 patients with thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) arthritis who underwent thumb CMC arthroplasty between August 1, 2007, and May 1, 2022. The CMC group was chosen as the control group because the study surgeons perform APL suspensionplasty as the primary procedure for thumb CMC arthritis, allowing for a comparison group without de Quervain tenosynovitis. Exclusion criteria included patients undergoing revision surgery, patients undergoing thumb CMC procedure other than APL suspensionplasty, and patients with both CMC and first dorsal compartment diagnoses. Demographics, clinical variables, and intraoperative findings were collected through retrospective chart reviews. Results: Patients in the de Quervain tenosynovitis group tended to be younger (51 years, range: 23-92 years vs 63 years, range: 28-85 years), women (86.1% vs 77.1%), and more commonly of African American or black race (15.7% vs 3.9%) and Asian race (5.2% vs 0%). There was a higher prevalence of tendon subcompartments (79.1% vs 64.2%), but fewer number of APL slips (38.3% vs 20.7% 2 or fewer slips) seen in the de Quervain tenosynovitis group. Conclusion: Anatomical variation exists between patients with and without de Quervain tenosynovitis. The presence of tendon subcompartments but not an increased number of tendon slips is associated with de Quervain tenosynovitis.
The myometrial–cervical ratio: Can a simple sonographic measurement improve diagnosis of adenomyosis in a regional setting?
Authors: Sewell Megan , Mooney Samantha , Cvejic Erin , Stone Kate 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Adenomyosis is histologically defined by the presence of endometrial glands and stroma in the myometrium. Ultrasound findings of adenomyosis are being redefined to better diagnose adenomyosis pre-operatively. Methods: A single-centre retrospective study was performed at a regional hospital. The myometrial–cervical ratio was calculated on pre-operative ultrasounds, and histopathology reviewed for each case. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between the myometrial–cervical ratio and adenomyosis confirmed on histopathology, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was calculated. Comparisons were performed based on the presence of fibroids on ultrasound. Results: Complete data were available for 136 benign hysterectomies between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2020. When the myometrial–cervical ratio was treated as a continuous variable in a logistic regression of adenomyosis on histopathology, there was no statistical evidence (χ2(1) < 0.01, p = 0.98) of an association. When cases including fibroids in the myometrial–cervical ratio were excluded, there was a non-significant association between myometrial–cervical ratio and adenomyosis on histopathology (odds ratio = 3.435, 95% confidence interval = 0.964, 12.235; χ2(1) = 3.62, p = 0.057); area under the receiver operating characteristic = 0.637 (95% confidence interval = 0.504, 0.770). The optimal myometrial–cervical ratio cutpoint was 1.875 (95% confidence interval = 1.698, 2.051), which achieved 71.43% sensitivity and 60.00% specificity. There was strong statistical evidence (χ2(1) = 9.02, p = 0.003) that the myometrial–cervical ratio outperformed standard pre-operative ultrasound identification of adenomyosis. Conclusion: While accuracy remains suboptimal, the myometrial–cervical ratio outperformed standard ultrasound diagnostic features of adenomyosis in a regional setting. The myometrial–cervical ratio may offer a simple imaging measurement for adenomyosis in inexperienced hands when fibroids are absent.
Fetal echogenic bowel: Is there a national consensus on identification and reporting?
Authors: Sevens Trudy Jane , Chudleigh Trish 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Saving Babies’ Lives Care Bundle Version 2 highlights the importance of correct identification and reporting of echogenic bowel to improve maternal and newborn outcomes. Yet there is no national consensus to guide sonographers in identifying and reporting fetal echogenic bowel. This two-phase study aims to develop a national consensus to guide sonographers on the identification, classification and reporting of fetal echogenic bowel during the Fetal Anomaly Screening Programme (FASP) second trimester anomaly scan. Phase 1 results are presented capturing the national current practice of sonographers in its identification. Methods: An online questionnaire survey was deployed to capture numerical and free text data. Data analysis was by descriptive statistics. Participants were recruited via social media and through professional networks and organisations. Results: A total of 95 participants completed the questionnaire during an 11-week period. Common practice across England included sonographers using a subjective method for identifying fetal echogenic bowel and making comparisons to fetal bone. However, there was wide variance in the fetal bone used and the transducer frequency typically used to assess bowel echogenicity. Confirmation of echogenic bowel was made at the 20-week scan in 58% of cases, 32% following fetal medicine department review with the remaining 10% unsure when confirmation occurred. Conclusion: While there is common practice in identifying and report echogenic fetal bowel in some areas, there remains disparity within sonographer practice in England’s national screening service. This study allowed baseline data to be collated, providing the first steps towards development of guidance for sonographers in identifying and reporting this appearance.
Antitussive efficacy of the current treatment protocol for refractory chronic cough: our real-world experience in a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Mengru , Morice Alyn H. , Si Fengli , Zhang Li , Chen Qiang , Wang Shengyuan , Zhu Yiqing , Xu Xianghuai , Yu Li , Qiu Zhongmin 
Published: April 2023

Background: The management of refractory chronic cough (RCC) is a great challenge. Neuromodulators have long been used for RCC with imperfect efficacy. Objectives: We summarized the outcomes of the current treatments used at our specialist cough clinic, which provides a guideline-led service and real-world experience for the future management of RCC. Design: This is a single-centre retrospective observational cohort study. Methods: Consecutive RCC patients (the first clinic visit between January 2016 and May 2021) were included into this observational cohort study. Medical records in the Chronic Cough Clinical Research Database were fully reviewed using uniform criteria. The included subjects were followed-up for at least 6 months after the final clinic visit via instant messages with the link to self-scaled cough-associated questionnaires. Results: Overall, 369 RCC patients were analysed with a median age of 46.6 years and a cough duration of 24.0 months. A total of 10 different treatments were offered. However, 96.2% of patients had been prescribed at least one neuromodulator. One-third of patients had alternative treatments prescribed given the poor response to the initial therapy and 71.3% favourably responded to at least one of the treatments. Gabapentin, deanxit, and baclofen had comparable therapeutic efficacy (56.0%, 56.0%, and 62.5% respectively; p = 0.88) and overall incidences of adverse effects (28.3%, 22.0%, and 32.3% respectively; p = 0.76). However, 19.1 (7.7–41.8) months after the last clinic visit, 65.0% reported improvement (24.9%) or control of their cough (40.1%); 3.8% reported a spontaneous remission and 31.2% still had a severe cough. Both HARQ ( n = 97; p < 0.001) and LCQ ( n = 58; p < 0.001) demonstrated marked improvement. Conclusion: Trying different neuromodulators is a pragmatic strategy for RCC, which helped around two-thirds of patients. Relapse is common on withdrawal or reduction of dosage. Novel medication for RCC is an urgent clinical need. Plain language summary This is the first report that fully represented a guideline-led treatment protocol for refractory chronic cough (RCC) based on a large series of patients, which evaluated the short- and long-term effects of the currently available treatments for RCC. We found that the therapeutic trial of different neuromodulators is a pragmatic strategy, which helped around two-thirds of patients. Gabapentin, deanxit (flupentixol/melitracen), and baclofen had similar therapeutic outcomes. This study may offer real-world experience for the future management of RCC.
Incidence and type of adverse events in patients taking vonoprazan: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Wentao , Bai Zhaohui , Shang Yiyang , Wang Jing , Wong Yujun , Qi Xingshun 
Published: April 2023

Background: Vonoprazan, a novel acid-suppressive drug, is non-inferior to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for the management of gastric acid-related diseases. However, the safety of vonoprazan has not been systematically evaluated yet. Objectives: To elucidate the incidence and type of adverse events (AEs) in patients taking vonoprazan. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources and methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for all studies reporting the safety of vonoprazan. The incidences of any AEs, drug-related AEs, serious AEs, AEs leading to drug discontinuation, and common AEs were pooled. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to compare the incidence of AEs between patients taking vonoprazan and PPIs. Results: Seventy-seven studies were included. The pooled incidences of any AEs, drug-related AEs, serious AEs, and AEs leading to drug discontinuation were 20, 7, 1, and 1%, respectively. The incidences of any AEs (OR = 0.96, p = 0.66), drug-related AEs (OR = 1.10, p = 0.44), serious AEs (OR = 1.14, p = 0.36), and AEs leading to drug discontinuation (OR = 1.09, p = 0.55) were not significantly different between patients taking vonoprazan and PPIs. In subgroup analyses, patients with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) had higher incidences of any AEs, serious AEs, and AEs leading to drug discontinuation than those with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection, and artificial ulcer after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), but patients with H. pylori infection had a higher incidence of drug-related AEs than those with PUD, GERD, and artificial ulcer after gastric ESD. The incidence of AEs was higher in patients taking long-term use of vonoprazan than those taking short-term use of vonoprazan. Conclusion: Vonoprazan is well tolerated and shows similar safety compared to PPIs. The safety of vonoprazan may be primarily influenced by its indications and duration. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42022314982.