bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Special care dentistry education during the COVID‐19 pandemic: The impact of online peer‐assisted learning
Authors: Mohd Suria Tun Yasmin Iffah , Omar Aminda Faizura , Wan Mokhtar Ilham , Rahman Aida Nur Ashikin Abdul , Kamaruddin Azwin Assilah , Ahmad Mas Suryalis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to analyze the impact and students’ perceptions of online peer‐assisted learning (OPL), developed as an alternative and innovative approach to Special Care Dentistry (SCD) training during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Online peer‐assisted learning (OPL) is an alternative pedagogical approach that combines online education and peer‐assisted teaching.MethodsThe OPL session was conducted by two postgraduate students in SCD (as teachers), to final year undergraduate dental students (as learners) (n = 90), supervised by two specialists in SCD‐related areas (as supervisors). Vetted online pre‐ and post‐intervention quizzes were conducted before and after the session, respectively, followed by an online validated feedback survey of the students’ learning experiences. Meanwhile, a reflective session was conducted between the postgraduate students and supervisors to explore their perceptions of OPL. Quantitative data was analyzed via paired t‐test (significance level, P < .05). Qualitative data was analyzed via thematic analysis.ResultsOverall, 68 (response rate = 75.6%) and 81 (response rate = 90.0%) undergraduate students completed the quiz and feedback survey, respectively. There was a significant difference in total mean scores, and mean scores of 7 (out of 10) individual items on the quizzes. Most students offered positive reviews of multiple aspects of OPL. They acknowledged the benefit of OPL for its content and preparation process, technology utilized, and experts’ roles. Postgraduate students perceived that OPL encourages knowledge‐recall and utilization of technology‐based educational tools, while improving their teaching skills.ConclusionStudents provided positive responses toward the implementation of OPL as an innovative approach to the teaching and learning of SCD during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Federalism and development in Nigeria
Authors: Arowosegbe Jeremiah O. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe federal solution has been widely discussed in relation to political systems where the articulation of major cleavages, differences, and pluralities threatens political integration and stability. The relationship between conflict, development, and federalism, however, has been poorly accounted for in the literature on federalism. Existing theories about the utilitarian value of federalism thus face serious challenges, especially with respect to post‐colonial Africa. The relationship between conflict, economic development, and federalism in the African context needs to be carefully examined from the perspective of governance, as well as the impact they have on society‐state relations. This article discusses the impact of ethno‐linguistic, ethno‐regional, and ethno‐religious conflicts on economic development in Nigeria – informed by the inequalities, insecurity, and poverty prevalent in the country – and examines the relevance of the federal solution for mitigating such centrifugal pressures as well as other divisive and violent tendencies.
Risk factors of cytomegalovirus infection after pediatric liver transplantation and effectiveness of preemptive therapy
Authors: Chanburanavah Nopparak , Boonsathorn Sophida , Apiwattanakul Nopporn , Lertudomphonwanit Chatmanee , Getsuwan Songpon , Tanpowpong Pornthep , Treepongkaruna Suporn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common infection following pediatric liver transplantation (LT). Preemptive therapy (PET) is an approach to initiate antiviral treatment for asymptomatic early CMV viremia detected by surveillance testing. However, data on CMV infection after PET are scarce, and the optimal cut‐off remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and consequences of CMV infection in pediatric LT using 2 different viral load (VL) cut‐offs.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed patients aged 0–18 years who underwent LT at Ramathibodi Hospital between March 2001 and August 2020. Demographic data, CMV infection, CMV treatment, and consequences of CMV infection were collected. CMV viremia was monitored by a quantitative nucleic acid amplification test. Clinical outcomes were compared after starting antiviral therapy at a low (>400 but <2000 IU/mL) and a high VL cut‐off (≥2000 IU/mL).ResultsA total of 126 patients were included. CMV infection was 71% (90/126), with an incidence rate of 5.5 per 1000 patient‐day. Higher tacrolimus and prednisolone dosages were associated with CMV infection with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.2 (95%CI 1.0–1.4, p = .02) and 2.4 (95%CI 1.9–3.4, p < .001), respectively. The consequences of CMV infection did not differ significantly for the low and high CMV VL cut‐off groups.ConclusionCMV infection in LT recipients is common and is associated with higher tacrolimus and corticosteroid dosage. Additionally, using the CMV VL cut‐off at 2000 IU/mL to initiate antiviral therapy is practical and effective in preventing CMV disease.
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Identification of protein kinase A signalling molecules in renal collecting ducts
Authors: Ando Fumiaki , Hara Yu , Uchida Shinichi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBody water homeostasis is maintained by the correct balance between water intake and water loss through urine, faeces, sweat and breath. It is known that elevated circulating levels of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin decrease urine volume to prevent excessive water loss from the body. Vasopressin/cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signalling is the canonical pathway in renal collecting ducts for phosphorylating aquaporin‐2 (AQP2) water channels, which leads to the reabsorption of water from urine via AQP2. Although recent omics data have verified various downstream targets of PKA, crucial regulators that mediate PKA‐induced AQP2 phosphorylation remain unknown, mainly because vasopressin is usually used to activate PKA as a positive control. Vasopressin is extremely potent and phosphorylates various PKA substrates non‐specifically, making it difficult to narrow down the candidate mediators responsible for AQP2 phosphorylation. The intracellular localization of PKA is tightly regulated by its scaffold proteins, also known as A‐kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). Furthermore, each AKAP has a target domain that determines its intracellular localization, enabling the creation of a local PKA signalling network. Although vasopressin activates most PKAs independently of their intracellular localization, some chemical compounds preferentially act on PKAs localized on AQP2‐containing vesicles while simultaneously phosphorylating AQP2 and its surrounding PKA substrates. Immunoprecipitation with antibodies against phosphorylated PKA substrates followed by mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the PKA substrate in proximity to AQP2 was lipopolysaccharide‐responsive and beige‐like anchor (LRBA). Furthermore, Lrba knockout studies revealed that LRBA was required for vasopressin‐induced AQP2 phosphorylation.
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Approaches to improving patient safety in integrated care: a scoping review
Authors: Lalani Mirza , Wytrykowski Sarah , Hogan Helen 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesThis scoping review aimed to establish the approaches employed to improving patient safety in integrated care for community-dwelling adults with long-term conditions.DesignScoping review.SettingAll care settings.Search strategySystematic searches of seven academic and grey literature databases for studies published between 2000 and 2021. At the full-text review stage both the first and second reviewer (SW) independently assessed full texts against the eligibility criteria and any discrepancies were discussed.ResultsOverall, 24 studies were included in the review. Two key priorities for safety across care boundaries for adults with long-term conditions were falls and medication safety. Approaches for these priorities were implemented at different levels of an integrated care system. At the micro-level, approaches involved care primarily in the home setting provided by multi-disciplinary teams. At the meso-level, the focus was on planning and designing approaches at the managerial/organisational level to deliver multi-disciplinary care. At the macro-level, system-wide approaches included integrated care records, training and education and the development of care pathways involving multiple organisations. Across the included studies, evaluation of these approaches was undertaken using a wide range of process and outcome measures to capture patient harm and contributory factors associated with falls and medication safety.ConclusionsFor integrated care initiatives to fulfil their promise of improving care for adults with long-term conditions, approaches to improve patient safety need to be instituted across the system, at all levels to support the structural and relational aspects of integrated care as well as specific risk-related safety improvements.
Association between low blood selenium concentrations and poor hand grip strength in United States adults participating in NHANES (2011–2014)
Authors: Pei Jingjing , Yan Lailai , Wu Yuwan , Zhang Xi , Jia Huan , Li Huajun 
Published: April 2023

The trace element selenium, which is found in selenoproteins, plays an antioxidant role in preventing muscle tissue injury. A positive association between selenium concentrations and hand grip strength has been reported in older adults; however, the evidence of this association is scarce in general adults. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between blood selenium concentrations and low hand grip strength using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2012 and 2013–2014 in the United States (US). Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR) of low hand grip strength, with blood selenium level adjusted for potential confounders. Among 8158 adults (women: 51.59%) with a mean age of 47 (range: 18–80) years, women and non-Hispanic Blacks tended to have low blood selenium concentrations. Notably, participants with high blood selenium concentrations (range, 178.1–192.5 µg/L) were more likely to have a low risk of low hand grip strength after adjusting for the potential covariates (OR: 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38–0.95) than those with low blood selenium concentrations. After excluding participants with chronic diseases, high blood selenium concentrations were found to be associated with a low risk of low hand grip strength (OR: 0.30, 95% CI: 0.14–0.65). A J-shaped relationship was found between selenium concentrations and low hand grip strength ( P for nonlinear trend <0.0001). Subgroup analyses revealed a significantly consistent relationship among women, non-Hispanic Whites and others, and individuals with overweight or obesity ( P < 0.05). Our study suggests that blood selenium concentrations are inversely associated with hand grip strength in general US adults. However, further prospective studies are required to confirm the causality between selenium concentrations and hand grip strength.
Measurement of total and partial cross sections of the $$^{90}$$Zr(p,$$\gamma $$)$$^{91}$$Nb reaction with in-beam $$\gamma $$-ray spectroscopy
Authors: Erbacher Philipp , Heftrich Tanja , Endres Anne , Glorius Jan , Netterdon Lars , Just David , Göbel Kathrin , Krtička Milan , Reifarth René , Sonnabend Kerstin , Thomas Benedikt , Weigand Mario , Zilges Andreas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe origin of many p-nuclei remains an unsolved problem in nuclear astrophysics. While photo-dissociation reactions in the $$\gamma $$
γ
-process can explain the production of many p-nuclei, some, notably $$^{92,94}$$

92
,
94

Mo and $$^{96,98}$$

96
,
98

Ru are underproduced in network calculations. The $$^{90}$$

90

Zr(p,$$\gamma $$
γ
)$$^{91}$$

91

Nb reaction is part of a possible (p,$$\gamma $$
γ
) reaction chain for the production of the p-nucleus $$^{92}$$

92

Mo. Available data show a large disagreement between the different reported cross sections measurements for the $$^{90}$$

90

Zr(p,$$\gamma $$
γ
)$$^{91}$$

91

Nb reaction. We measured proton capture cross sections with an enriched $$^{90}$$

90

Zr target using in-beam $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray spectroscopy for proton energies between 2.75 MeV and 5.1 MeV. The emitted $$\gamma $$
γ
-rays were detected using the HORUS (High efficiency Observatory for $$\gamma $$
γ
-Ray Unique Spectroscopy) detector array at the University of Cologne, Germany. To account for the possible contribution of the $$^{91}$$

91

Zr(p,n) reaction, an enriched $$^{91}$$

91

Zr was irradiated. We measured production cross sections for the ground and isomeric state of $$^{91}$$

91

Nb as well as partial cross section for up to ten high-energy primary transitions. The results are in good agreement with a former in-beam $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray spectroscopy measurement by Laird et al.. We provide a possible explanation for the discrepancies between our data and other available measurements.
The Hubble constant from galaxy cluster scaling-relation and SNe Ia observations: a consistency test
Authors: Bora Kamal , Holanda R. F. L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a self-consistent test for a Hubble constant estimate using galaxy cluster and type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) observations. The approach consists, in a first step, of obtaining the observational value of the galaxy cluster scaling-relation $$Y_{SZE}D_{A}^{2}/C_{XSZ}Y_X = C $$

Y

SZE

D

A

2

/

C

XSZ

Y
X

=
C

by combining the X-Ray and SZ observations of galaxy clusters at low redshifts ($$z < 0.1$$

z
<
0.1

) from the first Planck mission all-sky data set ($$0.044 \le z \le 0.444$$

0.044
≤
z
≤
0.444

), along with SNe Ia observations and making use of the cosmic distance duality relation validity. Then, by considering a flat $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM model for $$D_A$$

D
A

, the constant C from the first step and the Planck prior on $$\Omega _M$$

Ω
M

parameter, we obtain $$H_0$$

H
0

by using the galaxy cluster data with $$z>0.1$$

z
>
0.1

. As a result, we obtain $${ H_0=73.014^{+7.435}_{-6.688}}$$

H
0

=
73
.

014

-
6.688

+
7.435

km/s/Mpc, in full agreement with the latest results from HST + SH0ES team. We also compare our method with that one where the C parameter is obtained from hydrodynamical simulations of massive galaxy clusters.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Antibody-Based Delivery of Cytokine Payloads to Carbonic Anhydrase IX Leads to Cancer Cures in Immunocompetent Tumor-Bearing Mice
Authors: Ziffels Barbara , Stringhini Marco , Probst Philipp , Fugmann Tim , Sturm Theo , Neri Dario 
Published: April 2023

<p>a) In vitro immunohistochemistry of CAIX positive CT26 tumors. Tumors sections were stained with 10 Âµg/mL XE-mTNF, XE-hIL2 or XE-mIFNï�¡2. In vitro binding was detected with anti-mTNF, anti-hIL2 or anti-mIFNï�¡ï€²ï€ antibodies and AF488 labelled secondary antibodies (green). Blood vessels were stained with anti-CD31 and an AF594 labelled secondary antibody (red). b) Ex vivo immunofluorescence of human CAIX expressing CT26 tumor-bearing BALB/c mice. The mice received either 150 Âµg of XE-mIFNï�¡2, 50 Âµg of XE-hIL2, 3 Âµg of XE-mTNF and were sacrificed 24 hours after the injection. The tumor sections were stained with anti-mIFNï�¡ï€²ï€ antibody, anti-IL2 antibody or anti-TNF antibody and staining was detected using the Alexa Fluor{trade mark, serif} 488 Tyramide SuperBoost{trade mark, serif} Kit (Thermo Fisher). Nuclei are counterstained in blue. Scale bars represent 100 Âµm.</p>
Abstract 137: Epigenetic regulation of APOBEC3A mutagenesis and tumor evolution during targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Isozaki Hideko , Sakhtemani Ramin , Nikpour Naveed , Monroe Susanna , Lin Jessica , Sequist Lecia , Piotrowska Zofia , Gainor Justin , Buisson Rémi , Lawrence Michael , Hata Aaron 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Acquired drug resistance to even the most effective anti-cancer targeted therapies remains an unsolved clinical problem. Although many drivers of acquired drug resistance have been identified, the underlying molecular mechanisms shaping tumor evolution during treatment are incompletely understood. We recently demonstrated that lung cancer targeted therapies commonly used in the clinic induce the expression of cytidine deaminase APOBEC3A (A3A), leading to sustained mutagenesis in drug tolerant cancer cells persisting during therapy. Preventing therapy-induced A3A mutagenesis by gene deletion decreased the accumulation of chromosomal aberrations and delayed the emergence of drug resistance. Thus, we hypothesize that inhibition of A3A may represent a potential therapeutic strategy to halt the evolution of resistant clones and prevent acquired resistance to lung cancer targeted therapies. Understanding the molecular mechanism of A3A induction during targeted therapy is a crucial step to develop targeting A3A therapies.Using a targeted drug combination screen, we found that DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitors induce expression of APOBEC3A in non-small cell lung cancer cells, phenocopying the effects of targeted therapies. RNA-seq profiling revealed that both targeted therapies and DNMT inhibitors increase expression of non-coding repeat RNAs. Repeatome analysis identified distinct classes of non-codding RNAs including endogenous retrovirus elements (ERV) in drug tolerant persister cells. Activation of endogenous intracellular viral sensing pathways by exogenous nucleic acids mimicking viral infection induced APOBEC3A, and genetic perturbation of RIG-I or MAVS reduced APOBEC3A induced by targeted therapy. These findings suggest that epigenetic derepression of retroviral repeat elements may underly APOBEC3A mutagenic activity and tumor evolution during lung cancer targeted therapy.
Citation Format: Hideko Isozaki, Ramin Sakhtemani, Naveed Nikpour, Susanna Monroe, Jessica Lin, Lecia Sequist, Zofia Piotrowska, Justin Gainor, Rémi Buisson, Michael Lawrence, Aaron Hata. Epigenetic regulation of APOBEC3A mutagenesis and tumor evolution during targeted therapy in non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 137.
Abstract 1775: Expansion of human T cells using xenogeneic free and gamma irradiated human platelet lysate
Authors: Alonso-Camino Vanesa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Commercially available human platelet lysate (hPL) is produced using expired human platelets obtained from accredited blood banks in the United States. These platelets were originally intended for use in patient transfusion. The safety of platelets used in transfusion is managed by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA), as well as the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB). These organizations set standards, including testing for transmissible diseases. The United States record for blood safety is well established, with extremely low rates of disease transmission, making the platelet units used for hPL manufacture low risk. The Covid-19 pandemic has increased awareness of emerging infectious diseases, even though transmission of Covid-19 via blood transfusion has not been documented. For that reason, gamma irradiated hPL offers an additional safety measure in the clinic. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) expressing T-cells have demonstrated potent clinical efficacy in patients with hematological malignancies. In addition, there are several phase I clinical trials evaluating the use of CAR-T-cells for targeting of solid tumor-associated antigens. Some of the challenging issues found during production of CAR-T cells are the efficiency of T cell transduction to generate CAR-T cells, the expansion of T cells to clinically relevant numbers and the long-term survival in vivo of the therapeutic cells. The use of human platelet lysate has been demonstrated to improve these issues. Our data from experiments performed using human CD3+ from donors demonstrates that human platelet lysates offer an improved performance on T cell expansion versus serum derived products. hPL efficiently promotes T cell expansion, with higher cell yields and lower cell exhaustion rate. Additionally, we efficiently developed a protocol for suspension culture of T cells, which could facilitate the large-scale expansion of allogeneic CAR-T cells.
Citation Format: Vanesa Alonso-Camino. Expansion of human T cells using xenogeneic free and gamma irradiated human platelet lysate [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1775.
Abstract 1829: Generation of IL-21 INDUKINETM molecules for the treatment of cancer
Authors: Sullivan Jenna M. , Aderhold Pamela A. , Brodkin Heather R. , Economides Kyriakos , Hicklin Daniel J. , Ismail Nesreen , Lewis Yuka , Seidel-Dugan Cynthia , Spencer Cierra , Winston William M. , Salmeron Andres 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the past decade, great strides have been made in the development of novel immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) to treat cancer. However, despite these improvements, subsets of patients do not respond to ICI, highlighting an unmet need for alternative immunotherapies. As potent immunomodulators, cytokines have been explored as treatments for cancer but have been limited due to toxicity and poor pharmacokinetics (PK). One of these key cytokines, interleukin 21 (IL-21), is a pluripotent cytokine that activates anti-tumor T cell responses, induces B cell activation, and promotes generation and maintenance of germinal centers and tertiary lymphoid structures. A member of the common γ-chain family of cytokines, IL-21 acts on a broader range of cells than IL-2 and does not induce vascular leak syndrome. Despite being a potent inducer of immune activation, clinical activity of IL-21 has been hampered by poor PK and adverse events at dose levels associated with efficacy. To explore the potential therapeutic benefits of IL-21 as a treatment for cancer, Werewolf Therapeutics has developed different formats of IL-21 INDUKINETM polypeptides containing native human IL-21, an inactivation domain and a half-life extension domain tethered together by protease sensitive linkers. IL-21 INDUKINETM polypeptides are peripherally inactive, but due to dysregulation of the protease milieu in the tumor microenvironment, upon dosing and distribution to the tumor, the linkers are cleaved and IL-21 is released intratumorally. We will present data demonstrating that IL-21 INDUKINETM polypeptides showed in vitro and in vivo inducibility and activity. In mouse syngeneic tumor models, the IL-21 INDUKINETM polypeptides showed improved tolerability and therapeutic window compared to equal molar dosing of a half-life extended IL-21 protein (IL-21-HLE). Mechanistically, IL-21 triggered a pronounced activation of the adaptive immunity in the tumor. Efficacy in these tumor models was linked to expansion and activation of tumor infiltrating T cells, increased polyfunctionality in CD8+ T cells, as well as signs of increased activation of B cells. Together, these data support continued exploration of an IL-21 INDUKINETM polypeptide as a therapy for cancer.
Citation Format: Jenna M. Sullivan, Pamela A. Aderhold, Heather R. Brodkin, Kyriakos Economides, Daniel J. Hicklin, Nesreen Ismail, Yuka Lewis, Cynthia Seidel-Dugan, Cierra Spencer, William M. Winston, Andres Salmeron. Generation of IL-21 INDUKINETM molecules for the treatment of cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1829.