bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case report: Primary Undifferentiated Sarcoma of the Transverse Colon in a Young Female Patient
Authors: Wu Long , Wu Huan , Huang Fei , Li Xiaoyun , Zhen Yunhuan , Cheng Haiyu , Li Haiyang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Undifferentiated sarcoma is a highly malignant tumor originating from mesenchymal tissues, typically occurring in the upper gastrointestinal tract. However, undifferentiated sarcoma of the colon is exceptionally rare. We present the case of a 26-year-old female patient who presented to our outpatient department with abdominal pain. Colonoscopy revealed an occupying lesion in the transverse colon, raising suspicion of malignancy. Computed tomography confirmed a transverse colon lesion, suggestive of possible transverse colon cancer. The patient underwent an enlarged laparoscopic right hemicolectomy, and subsequent pathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of undifferentiated sarcoma of the transverse colon. This report highlights a rare case of primary undifferentiated sarcoma of the transverse colon.
Machine learning revealed novel ferroptosis-related genes and construction ceRNA network in dermal lymphatic endothelial cells of diabetic foot ulcer
Authors: Wang Xingkai , Zou LinXuan , Meng Lei , Song Mingzhi , Sun Xiaohong , Jia Zhuqiang , Zhao Lin , Han Xin , Wang Huan , Wang Peng , Lu Ming , Zong JunWei , Wang Shouyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a common chronic and serious complication that impairs patients' quality of life. The relationship between ferroptosis and complications of diabetes has attracted much attention in recent years. Here, this study aims to apply the gene expression profile of dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (DLECs) to build a ceRNA network and explore potential ferroptosis-related biomarkers and pathways related to the molecular mechanism of DFU.Methods The GSE38396 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) collection was utilized to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in DLECs of DFU. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and enrichment analysis of DEGs were carried out. Subsequently, we performed a comprehensive analysis of hub genes identified from the PPI. To yield the key ferroptosis-related genes strongly associated with DLECs of DFU, we integrated multiple datasets and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model, which was validated with external datasets (GSE147890) via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Meanwhile, GSE147890 and GSE29221 were utilized as external datasets to validate the efficiency of key genes as potential biomarkers for DFU.Results The 149 DEGs in DLECs of DFU were obtained using the GSE38396 dataset. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the collagen-containing extracellular matrix was primarily enriched. The HIF-1 signaling pathway was considered the key pathway by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. We obtained 12 hub genes from the subnetwork in the PPI network and identified EGFR as a key ferroptosis-related gene by the LASSO model, which had a high AUC value (0.76). In addition, two external datasets validated EGFR with high efficiency (GSE147890: 0.67, GSE29221: 0.72). Ultimately, we constructed a ceRNA network consisting of 5 lncRNAs, 2 miRNAs, and 1 mRNA around EGFR.Conclusions As a key ferroptosis-related gene related to DLECs of DFU, EGFR may be regulated by upstream lncRNA, which in turn affects the activity of the HIF-1 pathway and affects the occurrence and development of DFU. Thus, the results of this study can provide a certain direction and basis for follow-up studies of DFU and provide new insights into the prevention and treatment of DFU.
An Improved Intrusion Detection System based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) algorithm
Authors: Namiq Heba Emad , Salman Ayman Dawood , Dinar Ahmed Musa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The evolution of the Internet has given rise to novel forms of network attacks, underscoring the importance of investigating methods for detecting anomalous behaviour and accurately classifying attacks within the domain of cyberspace. Recently, the Intrusion Detection System (IDS) has been employing various deep learning-based methodologies to construct a model that is driven by data. The aforementioned techniques are advantageous as they reduce the cost and labour involved in manual detection. The precision and capability of feature extraction in contemporary intrusion detection techniques exhibit significant variability. Furthermore, the presence of extraneous and repetitive phrases is ubiquitous in real-time network data. To tackle the aforementioned concerns, the present study proposes the utilisation of the convolutional neural networks (CNN) algorithm for the purpose of detecting intrusions. Initially, in order to enhance resource utilisation and reduce time complexity, a configuration of 16 layers and 8 convolutional neural networks with Max-Pooling1D is utilised. Subsequently, a series of evaluative experiments conducted on the NSL-KDD dataset indicate that the enhanced CNN model has the potential to enhance the performance of the Intrusion Detection System (IDS). The precision for all types of features is reported to be 0.991, while the recall and f1-measure are noted to be 0.995 and 0.993, respectively
Factors influencing prognosis of shoulder manipulation under ultrasound-guided cervical nerve root block for frozen shoulder: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Takahashi Ryosuke , Kajita Yukihiro , Harada Yohei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Although successful clinical outcomes of manipulation under ultrasound-guided cervical nerve root block (MUC) for frozen shoulder have been reported, some cases remain refractory. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic factors of MUC for frozen shoulder.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 126 frozen shoulders in 113 patients (mean age 52.5±6.7 years) who underwent MUC. We defined frozen shoulder as a limited shoulder range of motion (ROM) (passive forward flexion < 120°, external rotation [ER] < 30°, or internal rotation [IR] lower than L3). Patients fulfilling any one criteria were considered to have frozen shoulder. The ROM, Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) shoulder score, Constant Shoulder (CS) score, and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) score were evaluated before and 12 months after MUC. We defined as the refractory clinical outcome (refractory group) included patients who fulfilled any one of the criteria for frozen shoulder 12 months after MUC. We compared patients in the refractory group with those who did not fulfill any criteria (success group). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors using the following variables: sex, age, symptom duration before MUC, body mass index, diabetes mellitus (DM), affected side, initial ROM, and initial functional score.
Results: Patients who underwent MUC were retrospectively enrolled and divided into a success group (n=112 frozen shoulders in 100 patients) and a refractory group (n=14 frozen shoulders in 13 patients) based on their clinical outcome following MUC. Both the success and refractory groups showed significantly improved ROM and functional scores 12 months after MUC (P<.05). Although all ROM and functional scores before MUC showed no significant difference between the two groups, patients in the refractory group showed significantly inferior outcomes than those in the success group 12 months after MUC (P<.01). Age and the presence of DM were significantly higher in the refractory group (P<.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that age and the presence of DM were independent risk factors for refractory clinical outcomes after MUC (age; odds ratio 1.1, 95% confidence interval 1.0–1.2. P=.04, DM; odds ratio 9.6, 95% confidence interval 2.0–45.4. P=.004).
Conclusions: Higher age and the presence of DM are negative prognostic factors for MUC in frozen shoulder. These results may be useful when counselling patients with higher age and diabetes regarding the outcomes after MUC for frozen shoulder.
Level of evidence: Level III retrospective comparison study.
Looking through the imaging perspective: the importance of imaging necrosis in glioma diagnosis and prognostic prediction
Authors: Ma Hui , Zeng Shanmei , Xie Dingxiang , Zeng Wenting , Huang Yingqian , Mazu Liwei , Zhu Nengjin , Yang Zhiyun , Chu Jianping , Zhao Jing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigated the diagnostic value of imaging necrosis (Imnecrosis) in grading, predicting the genotype and prognosis of gliomas, and further assessed the association of tumor necrosis and hypoxia, which was assessed by dynamic contrast-enhanced MR perfusion imaging (DCE-MRI).
Materials and Methods
We retrospectively included 150 (46 females, mean age: 46 years old) pathologically proved adult diffuse gliomas, and all diagnosis based on the 2021 WHO CNS classification. The pathological necrosis (Panecrosis) and gene mutation information (IDH, 1p19q, EGFR amplification, chr7 gain/10 loss, CDKN2A/B) was collected. All patients underwent conventional (T1WI, T2WI, FLAIR) and DCE-MRI examinations, and has been followed until May 31, 2021.The Imnecrosis was determined by two expericed neuroradiologists. DCE-MRI derived metric (ktrans, ve, kep and iauc) maps have been postprocessed and the mean value of each metric in the tumor parenchy, peritumoral and contralateral area were recorded. Various statistical analyses such as survival analysis were performed.
Results
There was a strong degree of inter-observer agreement in defining Imnecrosis (Kappa = 0.668, p < 0.001), and a strong degree of agreement between Imnecrosis and Panecrosis (Kappa = 0.767, p < 0.001). Compared to low-grade gliomas, high-grade gliomas had more Imnecrosis (85.37%, p < 0.001), and Imnecrosis significantly increased with the grade of gliomas increasing (p < 0.001). And Imnecrosis was significantly more identified in IDH-wildtype, 1p19q-non-codeletion, and CDKN2A/B-homozygous-deletion gliomas (all p < 0.01). Using multivariate Cox regression analysis, Imnecrosis was an independent and unfavorable prognosis factor (Hazard Ratio = 2.113, p = 0.046) in gliomas. Additionally, ve in tumor parenchyma derived from DCE-MRI demonstrated the highest diagnostic efficiency in identifying Panecrosis and Imnecrosis with high specificity (83.3% and 91.9%, respectively).
Conclusions
Imnecrosis can provide supplementary evidence beyond Panecrosis in grading, predicting the genotype and prognosis of gliomas, and tumor parenchyma ve can help to predict tumor necrosis with high specificity.
Non-intrusive load identification based on semi-supervised learning with flexible threshold and V-I trajectory signature
Authors: Tang Tao , li keke , Su Chang , Liu Zhiheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM) can obtain fine-grained electricity consumption information for each appliance in the user's home without installing additional hardware sensors.
As deep learning has grown quickly, many deep learning algorithms have been used to solve NILM problems, and have achieved good load identification results.
However, many supervised learning algorithms need to be based on a large amount of labeled data, which is time-consuming and laborious to obtain, and difficult to implement in actual deployment. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised learning algorithm that combines consistency regularization and pseudo-labels to help identify appliances with a small amount of labeled data and some unlabeled data.
In addition, given the different learning difficulties of different appliances among users, for example, the feature learning difficulty of multi-state appliances is often higher than that of single-state appliances. Therefore, we employ that the threshold values of different appliance classes be changed in a flexible way at each time step so that the informative unlabeled data and their pseudo-labels can be passed.
We have carried out simulation experiments on public dataset, and the experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better appliance identification results than the state-of-the-art methods.
Multiscale Modelling and Simulation of 3D Effective Homogenization for Material Properties of MWCNT and RHA Reinforced in Al P0507 Matrix Composite
Authors: Srivast Nitin , Singh Lavish Kumar , Kamesh Bodduru 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to reduce experimental costs, this study aimed to predict the performance of a new metal matrix composite through numerical modeling techniques. The objective was to accelerate the process of experimental testing by replicating the specific characteristics observed at the micro-scale of the composite. Aluminum P0507 alloy served as the matrix material, while multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) were chosen as reinforcements. These materials were combined to create a novel lightweight composite with promising physical and mechanical properties. To evaluate the elastic properties of the metal matrix composites, namely Al+RHA, Al+MWCNT, and Al+RHA+MWCNT hybrid composites, the Representative Volume Elements (RVE) model was utilized. The DIGIMAT-FE software was employed to model and simulate the performance of these composites under various volume fractions. At a volume fraction of 0.09%, it was observed that the composites reinforced with MWCNT and RHA exhibited higher elastic moduli of 79.3133 GPa and 77.6667 GPa, respectively, in the uniaxial-1 direction with aligned oriented inclusions, using an RVE geometric model in Digimat-F.E. Additionally, the minimum Poisson's ratios of the MWCNT and RHA composites were found to be 0.3122 and 0.3130, respectively, when examined with aligned inclusions as compared to 3D random and 2D random inclusions. Furthermore, the hybrid reinforced composites demonstrated an increase of 83.67 GPa and 31.39 GPa in the maximum elastic modulus and shear modulus, respectively, when compared to composites with random 3D and 2D inclusions.
Knowledge, Perception, and Willingness of Emerging Public Health Advocates to Effectively Communicate about Smoking Cessation and Tobacco Harm Reduction in Africa
Authors: Oke Gabriel Ilerioluwa , Ademola Peter Sunday , Utaka Edith Nnenna , John Eyinaikanan , Adam Mohammed Fathelrahman , Okereke Blessed , Onyia Ifunanya Mary-Ann , Adebisi Yusuff Adebayo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Media campaigns targeting young people are a valuable tool for promoting awareness about tobacco harm reduction (THR). Advocacy and communication efforts to inform about the risks of tobacco use, THR strategies, and smoking cessation methods can enhance policy compliance, minimize tobacco-related damages, and motivate individuals to quit smoking. This study investigates the knowledge, perception, and willingness of emerging public health advocates to effectively communicate about smoking cessation and THR strategies in Africa.
Methods
This research adopts a concurrent explanatory sequential design. The target demographic consists of public health enthusiasts, healthcare students, health communicators, and budding journalists aged 18–30 in Africa. The questionnaire, validated through an extensive literature review, was distributed via Google Forms. From 450 individuals expressing interest in the THR Journo project, 415 agreed to participate, responding to open-ended questions on smoking cessation and THR among young people. Data were analyzed with Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS for quantitative aspects, while Atlas. ti 9 was used for the qualitative interpretation of open-ended responses.
Results
Of the 415 participants, 73.7% lacked prior knowledge or proper understanding of THR. Most respondents (60.0%) regarded Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) as the most effective THR strategy, with 26.7% favoring e-cigarettes. A majority (73.3%) perceived NRT to be safer than smoking, while 48.3% believed e-cigarettes were safer. Approximately 70.8% agreed that THR products aid in smoking cessation. However, 38.3% were uncertain if these products are addictive. Participants referenced strategies/activities for creating awareness for THR, which include, “More advocacy and sensitization programs should be organized”, and “These programs should engage people who smoke tobacco and nicotine products themselves as champions.”Ambassadorial roles in public Universities should be granted to students as a medium to proliferate the central message of the THR.
Conclusions
Identified barriers to effective THR communication included misinformation propagated by health professionals and the media, religious and cultural constraints, and challenges in reaching remote areas. Strategies to enhance THR communication encompass increased advocacy and communication, government engagement and policy development, simplification of THR messages, and capacity building and engagement of advocates and stakeholders.
Highly efficient removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water using TPODAC- grafted clays obtained from simultaneous ion exchange and grafting
Authors: Funes Israel G. A. , Carlos Luciano , Parolo Maria E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The present work analyses the polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) removal from water through batch adsorption processes, using two low-cost surfactant-grafted bentonites (Mt/TPODAC-1.5 and H5-Mt/TPODAC-1.5). These materials were prepared via a modification of montmorillonite (Mt) and acid-activated bentonite (H5-Mt) by intercalation and grafting of (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) octadecyldimethylammonium chloride (TPODAC). Anthracene (ANT) was used as PAH model to assess the sorption capacity of each material. It was found that the selective modification of clay mineral has higher adsorption capacity for ANT compared with raw clay. Mt/TPODAC-1.5 and H5-Mt/TPODAC-1.5 removed 91 % and 85 % of ANT from water, respectively, while the raw bentonite (Mt) removed only 22 % under the same conditions. The adsorption isotherms were S-shaped and were fitted by the Frumkin-Fowler-Guggenheim (FFG) model, exhibiting an adsorption cooperative behaviour. The results indicate that hydrophobic and cation-π interactions ruled the ANT sorption on the modified clays. Simultaneous adsorption experiments with a mixture of 16 PAHs showed a high removal capacity of both modified clays. The promising results obtained in this work highlights the use of the TPODAC-grafted bentonite as potential sorbents to removal PAHs in a simple, economical, and environmentally friendly way.
Gesture based Sign Language Recognition system using Mediapipe
Authors: Chandwani Laveen , Khilari Jaydeep , Gurjar Kunal , Maragale Pravin , Sonare Ashwin , Kakade Suhas , Bhatt Abhishek , Kulkarni Rohan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Sign language is a visual language that uses hand motions, changes in hand shape, and track information to convey meaning. It is the primary mode of communication for those with hearing and language impairments. The use of sign language for communication is limited, despite the fact that sign language recognition can help a large number of such persons deal with regular people. As a result, there is a need to create a more comfortable approach for people with hearing and language impairments to learn and work in order to improve their lives. Therefore, the basic idea behind this article is to make the communication between normal human beings and deaf people much easier. In order to recognize static gestures associated with sign language alphabet and a few commonly used words, we conducted a comprehensive research study employing the hand tracking technique Mediapipe and a gesture classification model based on Support Vector Machine (SVM). The results of the experiments are validated using Recall, F1 Score and Precision. Based on the validated results, we recommend the application of the discussed techniques for such communication. The suggested methods have high generalization qualities and deliver a classification accuracy of around 99 percent on 26 alphabet letters, numerical digits, and some regularly used words.
Probabilistic Liquefaction Potential of Kathmandu Valley Soil Based on Standard Penetration Tests
Authors: Subedi Mandip , KC Rajan , Acharya Indra Prasad , Sharma Keshab , Bhandary Netra Prakash 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite being a liquefaction susceptible zone, Kathmandu Valley soil in Nepal has limited studies on liquefaction potential and most of them are based on the deterministic approach. Although this method is widely used, it ignores the uncertainties of seismic parameters such as peak ground acceleration,amax,and earthquake magnitude,Mwas well as the inherent variabilities of soil layers, in-situ testing procedures, and geotechnical properties. On the other hand, the probabilistic approach helps assess the liquefaction potential by considering all these uncertainties. In this study, we assess the liquefaction hazard in the Kathmandu Valley using the first-order second-moment (FOSM) method as a probabilistic approach for liquefaction hazard assessment. The assessment is done for three likely-to-recur scenario earthquakes utilizing the geotechnical data of 1510 boreholes. The soils are characterized geotechnically to further assess susceptibility criteria of liquefaction in the valley. The assessment reveals that the central part of the valley is more vulnerable to liquefaction than other parts and the liquefaction probability increases with increasing depth up to 9 m, after which has geared down the value. Moreover, a relationship between the probability of liquefaction (PL) and the factor of safety (FS) against liquefaction is established. The hazard maps prepared for different earthquake scenarios can be useful for future infrastructure planning in Kathmandu Valley.