bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics in severe traumatic brain injury: a scoping review
Authors: Fedoruk Riley Page , Lee Chel Hee , Banoei Mohammad Mehdi , Winston Brent 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Diagnosis and prognostication of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) continue to be problematic despite research efforts for years. There is currently no clinically reliable biomarkers, though advances in protein biomarkers are being made. Utilizing Omics technology, particularly metabolomics, may provide new diagnostic biomarkers for severe traumatic brain injury. Several published studies have attempted to determine specific metabolites and metabolic pathways involved; these studies will be reviewed.
Aims: This scoping review aims to summarize current literature concerning metabolomics in severe traumatic brain injury, review the comprehensive data and identify commonalities, if any, to define metabolites with potential clinical use. In addition, we will examine related metabolic pathways through pathway analysis.
Methods: Scoping review methodology was used to examine the current literature published in Embase, Scopus, PubMed and Medline. An initial 1090 publications were found and vetted with specific inclusion/exclusion criteria. 20 publications were selected for further examination and summary. Metabolic data was classified using the Human Metabolome Database (HMDB) and arranged to determine the recurrent metabolites and classes found in severe traumatic brain injury. To help understand potential mechanisms of injury, pathway analysis was performed using these metabolites and the Kyoto Encylcopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) Pathway Database.
Results: Several metabolites related to severe traumatic brain injury and their effects on biological pathways are identified in this review. Proline, citrulline, lactate, alanine, valine, leucine and serine were all decreased in adults post severe traumatic brain injury, whereas both octanoic and decanoic acid were increased post injury. Carboxylic acids tend to decrease following severe traumatic brain injury while hydroxy acids and organooxygen compounds tend to increase. Pathway analysis showed significantly affected glycine and serine metabolism, glycolysis, branched chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism and other amino acid metabolisms. Surprisingly, no tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites were affected.
Conclusion: Aside from select few metabolites, classification of a metabolic profile proved difficult due to significant ambiguity between study design, type of sample, sample size, metabolomic detection techniques and other confounding variables. Given the trends found in some studies, further metabolomics investigation of severe traumatic brain injury may be useful to identify clinically relevant metabolites.
Caught on camera: Widespread direct evidence of illegal discards in coastal waters of the Western Baltic Sea
Authors: Schubert Philipp Rene , Karez Rolf , Reusch Thorsten B. H. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Most fish stocks in the European Union (EU) are still being overfished. One recent measure of the EU common fisheries policy to curb overfishing is the introduction of landing obligations that are meant to reduce discards, but the success of landing obligations is controversial, as discards still take place. In the German Western Baltic Sea , discards are currently estimated using ship observer data, but vessels <12 m are not sufficiently controlled. We here use an independent method and document widespread discard of undersized cod and flatfish in late summer 2018 using video transects. Discards along the coastline of the south-western Baltic Sea amount to an extrapolated 14.0 t of cod and 1.0 t of flatfish decomposing on the sea floor in 1-13 m depth in a subarea of Mecklenburg Bight that covers only 2.3% of ICES (International Council for the Exploration of the Sea ) subdivisions 22-24, the habitat of Western Baltic cod. Compared to a similar video-mapping seven years earlier (in 2011), the amount of discard increased markedly, suggesting that the implementation of landing obligations in the time between the two mappings for under-sized catches has not resulted in a decrease but an increase of discards. We suggest that higher observed discards of cod in 2018 are also due to a high percentage of cod coming from the 2016-cohort of the Western Baltic cod stock which are just undersized but nevertheless caught by most passive net gear. Our data complement estimates based on ship observer data, while providing the first direct evidence of the fate of discards in the benthic marine habitat.
Conducting Health Services Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences from the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Connelly Brigid , Hess Edward , Daus Marguerite , Battaglia Catherine , Gilmartin Heather M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Health services researchers within the Veterans Health Administration (VA) seek to improve the delivery of care to the Veteran population, whose medical needs often differ from the general population. The COVID-19 pandemic and restricted access to medical centers and offices forced VA researchers and staff totransition to remote work. This study aimed to characterize the work experience of health service researchers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods A REDCap survey developed from the management literature was distributed in July 2020 to 800 HSR&D researchers and staff affiliated with VA Centers of Innovation. We requested recipients to forward the survey to VA colleagues. Descriptive analyses and logistic regression modeling were conducted on multiple choice and Likert scaled items. Manifest content analysis was conducted on open-text responses.
Results About half (48%; n=228) of VA HSR&D researchers and staff who responded to the survey experienced some interference with their research due to the COVID-19 pandemic, while 55% (n=260) reported their programs of research did not slow or stop. Clinician investigators reported significantly greater odds of interference than non-clinician investigators and support staff. The most common barriers to working remotely were loss of face-to-face interactions with colleagues (56%; n=263) and absence of daily routines (25%; n=118). Strategies teams used to address COVID-19 related remote work challenges included videoconferencing (79%; n=375), virtual get-togethers (48%; n=225), altered timelines (42%; n=199), daily email updates (30%; n=143) and virtual team huddles (16%; n=74). Pre-pandemic VA information technology structures along with systems created to support multidisciplinary research teams working across a national healthcare system maintained and enhanced staff engagement and well-being.
Conclusions
This study identifies how the VA structures and systems put in place prior to the COVID-19 pandemic to support a dispersed workforce enabled the continuation of vital scientific research, staff engagement and well-being during a global pandemic. These findings can inform remote work policies and practices for researchers during the current and future crises.
Combined Effects of Straw Return with Nitrogen Fertilizer on Ion Balance, Photosynthetic Characteristics, Leaf Water Status and Rice Yield in Saline-sodic Paddy Fields
Authors: Dang Kun , Ran Cheng , Tian Hao , Gao Dapeng , Mu Jinmeng , Zhang Zhenyu , Geng Yanqiu , Zhang Qiang , Shao Xiwen , Guo Liying 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aims salinisation severely limits crop growth and yield. In recent years, the effect of nitrogen fertilisation and different management practices on the mitigation of saline-sodic stress in crops has been less studied. Therefore, we conducted a three-year field experiment in Jilin Province, China, to investigate the effects of combined straw and nitrogen fertilizer application on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of rice in saline-sodic paddy fields.
Methods The experiment was designed as a split-zone trial, with straw (S) as the main zone and nitrogen fertilizer (N) as the secondary zone. The amount of straw returned was 0 t ha-1 (B) and 7 t ha-1 (T). Nitrogen treatments of 0, 150, 250 and 350 kg ha-1 were recorded as N0, N1, N2 and N3, and each treatment was repeated three times.
Results Straw combined with nitrogen fertilizer can effectively reduce the Na+/K+ value, malondialdehyde content and relative electric leakage of rice leaves in salt-alkali soil, and ensure the integrity of cell membrane. At the same time, the leaf water potential, relative water content and chlorophyll content were increased, which promoted rice photosynthesis and improved rice yield. In addition, it was found that straw combined with nitrogen fertilizer had the greatest positive effect on rice yield at 250kg ha-1.
Conclusions Straw combined with nitrogen fertilizer can improve the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of rice in saline-alkali paddy field and provide a theoretical basis for rice yield increase in this area
Sero-prevalence of hepatitis viral infections among sanitary workers Across the Worldwide: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Tolera Sina Temesgen , Alemu Fekade Ketema , Gawo Abreham Geremew , Mengistu Dechasa Adere , Temesgen Liku Muche , Sintie Tamagnu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Sanitary workers are the possibility of have hepatitis viral infections due their working conditions. Thus, the aim of the review was to estimate the pooled sero-prevalence occupational related hepatitis viral infection among sanitary workers across the world.
Methods: PRISMA and PICOS were used flow diagram and review questions, respectively. Four databases other methods were used published articles from 2000 to 2022. Boolean logic (AND, OR), MeSH, and keywords were used: (Occupation *OR Job *OR Work) AND (Hepatitis Infection A *OR B *OR C *OR E) AND (Solid waste collectors [SWCs] *OR Street sweepers [SS] *OR Sewage workers [STW] *OR health facilities cleaners [HCFC) AND (Countries). CMA software used for data analysis (95%CI)
Results: A total of 178 studies were identified studies, a total of 25 studies were included from eleven countries. Of these, from developed (n=7 ) and developing countries (n=4). From total of sanitary workers (N= 7,945), 5951(74%), 1609 (21%) and 385 (5%) were STW, SWCs and SS, respectively. The overall pooled Sero-prevalence of HAV infection among sanitary workers across the world was 56.7% (95%CI: 0.44-0.69; p-value =0.32). While, 22.6% (95%CI: 0.10-0.44; p-value=0.01), 22.8% (95%CI: 0.10-0.45; p-value=0.02) and 33.1% (95%CI: 0.18-0.54; p-value=0.10) for HBV, HCV and HEV, respectively
Conclusion: The current pooled prevalence concluded that sanitary workers are at the risk of occupational related hepatitis viral infections that need governmental policies amendment and other efforts to mitigate these risks.
Effects of Febuxostat on Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction and Renal Progression in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Nata Naowanit , Ninwisut Nanthawut , Inkong Pitchamon , Supasyndh Ouppatham , Satirapoj Bancha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Hyperuricemia relates to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and impaired endothelial function. Febuxostat is potent and effective for decreasing serum uric acid levels. Information for the effect of febuxostat treatment on markers of endothelial dysfunction and renal injury in patients with CKD is limited.

Methods

A total of 84 CKD stage III-IV patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia were randomly assigned to either the febuxostat (40 mg/day, N = 42) or the matching control (N = 42) for 8 weeks. Serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine albumin, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), ankle brachial index (ABI) and serum uric acid were measured at baseline and at the end of study.

Results

Febuxostat administration significantly reduced the serum uric acid concentration in patients with CKD when compared with control [-3.40 (95% CI -4.19 to -2.62) vs. -0.35 (95% CI -0.76 to 0.06) mg/dL; P < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference in the changes in serum ADMA, hs-CRP, eGFR and albuminuria was identified between the two groups. Subgroup analysis in patients with decline serum uric acid after febuxostat, the estimated GFR change between the febuxostat and the control group was significant difference at 8 weeks (2.01 (95%CI 0.31 to 3.7) vs. 0.04 (95%CI -1.52 to 1.61) mL/min/1.73 m2; P = 0.030, respectively). Adverse events specific to febuxostat were not observed.

Conclusion

Febuxostat effectively reduced serum uric acid in the population of CKD without improvement of endothelial dysfunction. It was able to preserve renal function in subgroup CKD patients with lower serum uric acid level after treatment.
Trial registration: Thai Clinical Trials, TCTR20210224005: 24/022021 http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20210224005
Clinical characteristics of under-triaged elderly patients in the emergency department: a Korea public hospital observational study
Authors: Seo Yon Hee , Jang Kyeongmin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

BackgroundElderly patients are more likely to be undertriaged because they often suffer from multiple diseases and complain of non-specific symptoms. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the characteristics of undertriaged elderly patients in emergency departments (EDs).MethodsThis descriptive study retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the electronic medical records of elderly patients who visited the ED of a general hospital in Seoul between January and December 2019.ResultsApproximately 29% (n = 4,823) of elderly patients who visited the ED during the study period were classified as CTAS level 4 or 5, and approximately 8% (n = 397) were undertriaged. Approximately 73% (n = 288) of patients were hospitalized after visiting the ED. The characteristics of the undertriaged elderly patients were nervous system symptoms such as dizziness and headache (28.8%), cardiopulmonary symptoms such as chest discomfort, palpitations, and abdominal pain (28.4%), head trauma (12.8%), and respiratory symptoms such as cough and dyspnea (12.5%).ConclusionED triage nurses should carefully triage elderly patients because their chief complaints can be non-specific. In particular, when elderly patients visit the ED, dizziness, abnormal pain, chest discomfort, palpitations, and head trauma can occur in intensive care units, so they must be carefully classified.
Effectiveness of telehealth in preventive care: A study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of tele- exercise programme involving elderly with possible sarcopenia or at risk of fall
Authors: CHAN Karly O. W. , YUEN Peter P.M. , FONG Ben Y.F. , LAW Vincent T.S. , NG Fowie S.F. , FUNG Wilson C.P. , NG Tommy K.C. , CHEUNG I. S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Continuous loss of muscle mass and strength are the consequences of the ageing process, which increase the risk of falls among older adults. Falls can lead to severe consequences such as bone fractures and hampered physical and psychological well-being. Regular exercise is the key to reversing muscle atrophy and relieving sarcopenia. However, the frailty of the elderly and the recent COVID-19 pandemic may affect their confidence to leave home to attend classes in the community. A feasible and effective alternative should be explored.

Methods

The primary objective is to evaluate the effectiveness of tele-exercise (TE) in relation to physical functioning and exercise adherence among the community-dwelling elderly at risk of falls in comparison with a community-based group (CB). The secondary objective includes evaluating the elderly's experience with tele-exercise, emphasizing their psychological welfare, social well-being, and acceptance of the telehealth approach. The design, conduct, and report follow the SPIRIT guidelines (Standard Protocol Items: recommended items to address in a Clinical Trial Protocol and Related Documents). The elderly will be recruited from 10 local community centres in Hong Kong and randomly allocated into two groups. All participants will attend the exercise training 3 days per week for 3 months but the mode of delivery will differ, either online as the tele-exercise group (TE) or face-to-face as the community-based group (CB). The outcome measures include muscle strength, physical function, exercise adherence and dropout rate, psychological and social well-being will be assessed at the baseline, and the 3rd, 6th and 12th month. Some participants will be invited to attend focus group interviews to evaluate their overall experience of the tele-exercise training.

Discussion

Tele-exercise reduces the barriers to exercise, such as time constraints, inaccessibility to facilities, and the fear of frail elderly persons leaving their home. Promoting an online home-based exercise programme for the elderly can encourage them to engage in regular physical activity and increase their exercise adherence even when remaining at home. The use of telehealth can potentially result in savings in cost and time. The final findings will provide insights on delivering exercise via telehealth to the elderly and propose an exercise delivery and maintenance model for future practice.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn/searchproj.aspx), registration number: ChiCTR2200063370. Registered on 5 September 2022
Artificial Intelligence and Automatic Recognition application in B2C E-commerce Platform Consumer Behavior Recognition
Authors: Xie Tian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
One obvious development of science and technology in people's life is the development of e-commerce. Artificial intelligence technology is now inseparable from human society, and artificial technology and human society are each other to promote progress. Voice is the carrier of language, and voice recognition is actually the conversion of voice signals into symbols that can be recognized by the system. This not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of recognition, but also converts a variety of different languages into a universal symbol so that it can be recognized by a computer and its meaning can be understood. The development of e-commerce has also experienced a certain process, from the beginning to carry out information exchange with the help of the network, to the later application of artificial intelligence and voice recognition technology, to give consumers more experience. Under this development trend, B2C e-commerce has also been greatly promoted. However, there are still many B2C e-commerce which retain the traditional business model and cannot make good use of big data. Therefore, this paper analyzes the current situation of B2C e-commerce platform and introduces artificial intelligence technology into consumer behavior recognition. Analyze the urgent needs of consumer behavior recognition. In order to be able to develop B2C e-commerce companies, it is necessary to help them find potential customers. Based on the idea of data mining and a variety of methods, this article effectively suggests a set of consumer behavior recognition models to help companies find consumers quickly.
Case report：Treatment of subacute right ventricular apical perforation caused by ventricular electrode with intermittent slow and gradual traction
Authors: Yu Wei , Gu Xiang , Zhu Ye 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
We report a rare and severe case of subacute right ventricular apical myocardial perforation caused by ventricular electrode. Due to the lack of clear guidance, it is a great challenge for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Case introduction:
A 78-year-old slim and weak woman underwent implantation of dual chamber permanent pacemaker to treat sick sinus syndrome 2 weeks ago. The atrial electrode was located in the right atrial appendage, and the ventricular electrode was located in the right ventricular apex of the lower septum. One week after the operation, chest tightness occurred, the pacemaker interrogation found that the ventricular electrode was not pacing, and echocardiography suggested that the right ventricular electrode was perforating the pericardium. With the guidance of Digital Substraction Angiography(DSA)and echocardiography, the patients' symptoms were relieved after surgical removal of the right ventricular electrode slowly. One week after operation, no pericardial effusion was found, and cardiac function was normal.
Conclusion
This case emphasizes the importance of meticulous technology in the process of electrode adjustment/removal in patients with right ventricular myocardial perforation caused by pacemaker electrode. Also, multidisciplinary joint diagnosis, as well as immediate and timely treatment of critically ill patients are vital.
Treatment of 5q-spinal muscular atrophy with nusinersen in Southern China: A single center retrospective study
Authors: Jiang Minyan , Liang Cuili , Zhang Yani , Zheng Kelu , Xu Kaishou , He Lu , Tao Jianping , Wu Weizhe , Zheng Ruidan , Rao Min , Zhang Wen , Liu Li 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Nusinersen is the first approved disease-modifing therapy for all 5q-spinal muscular atrophy patients regardless of age or disease severity. In 2019, nusinersen treatment was approved by China Food and Drug Administration. Here, we first present the results of nusinersen treatment in Southern China. We analyzed clinical and laboratory data from 45 5q-spinal muscular atrophy patients between December 2019 and May 2022. Nine patients with 5q-spinal muscular atrophy type 1, 22 patients with type 2 and 14 patients with type 3 were enrolled. Mean age receiving therapy was 51 months. The mutational analysis revealed 3 SMN2 gene copies in the majority of patients (80.0%). Two and 4 copies were found in 4.4% and 15.6%. Total 230 nusinersen injections were performed. 98% (44/45) patients improved or remained stabilized, and 2.0% (1/45) worsened on motor scales during the follow-up. Over 60% (27/44) patients had gained a responder rate (improvement ≥ 4 points) after 4 doses injection in functional test. Nusinersen was well tolerated. But there were still 44.4% patients suffering respiratory tract infection during therapy. In conclusion, our data indicates that nusinersen treatment is safety and effective in motor function recovery for many Chinese 5q-spinal muscular atrophy pediatric patients, but the improvement of respiratory function is not obvious, which needs further assessment.
Whitham modulation theory and periodic solutions for the fifth-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain
Authors: Zhang Yan , Hao Hui-Qin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the periodic solutions and Whitham modulation theory for the fifthorder nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which can describe the one-dimensional anisotropic Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain. First, we introduce the principle of the finite-gap integration method. Then, we discuss the single-phase periodic solutions and their degenerate forms in two limit cases. In addition, we analyze the influence of higher-order term parameters on the propagation of periodic solutions and solitons. Further, we derive the single-phase Whitham modulation equation for the fifth-order nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation. Moreover, we systematically derive the two-phase periodic solutions and the corresponding Whitham modulation equations.