bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Risk Groups for and Factors Affecting Metabolic Syndrome in South Korean Single-Person Households Using Latent Class Analysis and Machine Learning Techniques: Secondary Analysis Study
Authors: Lee Ji-Soo , Lee Soo-Kyoung 
Published: August 2023

Background
The rapid increase of single-person households in South Korea is leading to an increase in the incidence of metabolic syndrome, which causes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, due to lifestyle changes. It is necessary to analyze the complex effects of metabolic syndrome risk factors in South Korean single-person households, which differ from one household to another, considering the diversity of single-person households.

Objective
This study aimed to identify the factors affecting metabolic syndrome in single-person households using machine learning techniques and categorically characterize the risk factors through latent class analysis (LCA).

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 10-year secondary data obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009-2018). We selected 1371 participants belonging to single-person households. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 25.0; IBM Corp), Mplus (version 8.0; Muthen & Muthen), and Python (version 3.0; Plone & Python). We applied 4 machine learning algorithms (logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and extreme gradient boost) to identify important factors and then applied LCA to categorize the risk groups of metabolic syndromes in single-person households.

Results
Through LCA, participants were classified into 4 groups (group 1: intense physical activity in early adulthood, group 2: hypertension among middle-aged female respondents, group 3: smoking and drinking among middle-aged male respondents, and group 4: obesity and abdominal obesity among middle-aged respondents). In addition, age, BMI, obesity, subjective body shape recognition, alcohol consumption, smoking, binge drinking frequency, and job type were investigated as common factors that affect metabolic syndrome in single-person households through machine learning techniques. Group 4 was the most susceptible and at-risk group for metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 17.67, 95% CI 14.5-25.3; P<.001), and obesity and abdominal obesity were the most influential risk factors for metabolic syndrome.

Conclusions
This study identified risk groups and factors affecting metabolic syndrome in single-person households through machine learning techniques and LCA. Through these findings, customized interventions for each generational risk factor for metabolic syndrome can be implemented, leading to the prevention of metabolic syndrome, which causes cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In conclusion, this study contributes to the prevention of metabolic syndrome in single-person households by providing new insights and priority groups for the development of customized interventions using classification.
Impact of a Combined Continuous Glucose Monitoring–Digital Health Solution on Glucose Metrics and Self-Management Behavior for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Real-World, Observational Study
Authors: Kumbara Abhimanyu B , Iyer Anand K , Green Courtney R , Jepson Lauren H , Leone Keri , Layne Jennifer E , Shomali Mansur 
Published: August 2023

Background
The BlueStar (Welldoc) digital health solution for people with diabetes incorporates data from multiple devices and generates coaching messages using artificial intelligence. The BlueStar app syncs glucose data from the G6 (Dexcom) real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM) system, which provides a glucose measurement every 5 minutes.

Objective
The objective of this real-world study of people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) using the digital health solution and RT-CGM was to evaluate change in glycemic control and engagement with the program over 3 months.

Methods
Participants were current or former enrollees in an employer-sponsored health plan, were aged 18 years or older, had a T2D diagnosis, and were not using prandial insulin. Outcomes included CGM-based glycemic metrics and engagement with the BlueStar app, including logging medications taken, exercise, food details, blood pressure, weight, and hours of sleep.

Results
Participants in the program that met our analysis criteria (n=52) were aged a mean of 53 (SD 9) years; 37% (19/52) were female and approximately 50% (25/52) were taking diabetes medications. The RT-CGM system was worn 90% (SD 8%) of the time over 3 months. Among individuals with suboptimal glycemic control at baseline, defined as mean glucose >180 mg/dL, clinically meaningful improvements in glycemic control were observed, including reductions in a glucose management indicator (–0.8 percentage points), time above range 181-250 mg/dL (–4.4 percentage points) and time above range >250 mg/dL (–14 percentage points; all P<.05). Time in range 70-180 mg/dL also increased by 15 percentage points (P=.016) in this population, which corresponds to an increase of approximately 3.5 hours per day in the target range. Over the 3-month study, 29% (15/52) of participants completed at least one engagement activity per week. Medication logging was completed most often by participants (23/52, 44%) at a rate of 12.1 (SD 0.8) events/week, and this was closely followed by exercise and food logging.

Conclusions
The combination of an artificial intelligence–powered digital health solution and RT-CGM helped people with T2D improve their glycemic outcomes and diabetes self-management behaviors.
Psychometric properties of the Observing Mediational Interactions (OMI) coding system during mother-adolescent conflict discussions
Authors: Kerr Sophie , Allman Madeleine , Shohet Cilly , Stepp Stephanie , Sharp Carla 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Observational assessments of parent-adolescent conflict can guide interventions to prevent and reduce conflict and mental health problems. The authors identified the Observing Mediational Interactions (OMI) as a particularly useful coding system for examining parent-adolescent conflict. The OMI is the observational measure used in the Mediational Intervention for Sensitizing Caregivers (MISC) and quantifies emotional (attachment-based) and cognitive (learning-based) behaviors during caregiver-child interactions.

Objective
The overall aim of the current study was to tailor and evaluate the OMI specifically for observing conflict interactions.

Method
Conflict discussions between 56 clinical youth aged 10-15 years and their mothers were coded using the OMI. Reliability, construct validity, and associations with affect following the conflict discussion were examined.

Results
Analyses revealed that the OMI demonstrated adequate internal consistency, interrater reliability, and construct validity in terms of associations with an alternate observational measure and parent-reported family functioning and stress. Additionally, mothers who engaged in fewer negative parenting behaviors reported greater positive affect following the conflict discussion, controlling for baseline affect.

Conclusions
Taken together, findings support the use of the OMI in future studies. While further research should attempt to extend findings to other populations and settings and elaborate the coding instructions as needed, researchers can use the OMI to inform ongoing adaptations of MISC and identify targets for prevention and intervention more broadly.
The Effect of New Technology on the Concept of “Direct Participation in Hostilities” in International Humanitarian Law
Authors: Mohammed Aram , Rasul Idrees , Ahmed Awara 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
This Research is about participation in hostilities particular civilian participation in international and non-international armed conflict. According to the International Humanitarian Law when civilians directly participate in hostilities, they loss their protection right.
Over recent decades, because of the continued advancement of technology, the nature of warfare has changed significantly, the current war fronts are something different from the earlier battle field. Modernization of the world differentiates the strategies of wars, methods of wars and planning of achieving the military benefits. Therefore, the earlier laws do not fit with the current war front.
It is not true to say that only Direct Participation in Hostilities (DPH) can respond adequately to current forms of participation in conflicts because nowadays there are various types of participation in wars that may not fall within the concept of direct participation such as indirect participation in hostilities. Consequently, if applied the condition of direct participation to regard a person as combatant then what will be position of people who do not directly take part such as service men.
To answer the research questions this academic paper will explains the notion of DPH. Also, this research focuses on the elements of the DPH and then the effect of new technology on the concept of DPH in International Humanitarian Law will be argued.
Personal Data Privacy vs Public Interest
Authors: Wang Jing , Cahill Dermot 
Published: August 2023

Governments around the world have gathered masses of personal information on their citizens as part of the fight against the Covid pandemic. Citizens, willingly for the most part, yielded such data in order to protect the public good and safety of society. Focusing on personal data gathering, processing and protection for public good, the authors consider how far citizens are willing to accept that their personal data can be collected by governments during a public health crisis. The situation in Europe and in China shall be compared, showing how the “public interest” during Covid-19 was understood very differently in different jurisdictions.
El Derecho al Mínimo Vital: Aproximaciones Iberoamericanas
Authors: Latorre Rodríguez Pablo , Castro Figueroa Fernando Manuel , Valdez Delgadillo Daniel Octavio 
Published: August 2023

The minimum wage right has an imprecise and elusive definition. It has a marked emphasis on its social aspect. In recent years, the vital mínimum right is being materialialized legally in several positive law contries. In Ibero-America, this right is also increasingly claimed by certain social groups. In 2017, the European Union encouraged its adoption by the Member States as an incentive to fight poverty, but only after the social crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic it is beginning to take off. Thus, in May 2020 the minimum vital income was approved in Spain, a reason that serves as a starting point for the analysis that we will carry out in this work. o Inn a Latin American potential regulationis being expected. For this, a logical-deductive methodological scheme has been followed, going from the analysis of the original concept to its various normative and jurisprudential expressions, all through documentary, historical, and systemic techniques, to finally propose a hypothesis that bets on global implementation.
Compilado de Ciências Biomédicas - Volume 2
Authors: Gonçalves Heloísa Maria Lima , Oliveira Luciana Coelho Carvalho , Moura Angela Gabriela de Araújo Costa , Sousa Hiran Reis , Assunção Raissa Guará , Fontenelle Pedro Henrique Cunha , Fontoura Caroline Cunha , Maranhão Marina Cristine Silva 
Published: August 2023

Nesta obra os organizadores realizaram uma compilação de vários documentos e artigos sobre Biomedicina, contribuição, pesquisa científica, estudo de caso direcionando o seu conteúdo para demonstrar os avanços atingidos na área.
Metabolic model for laboratory control of anti-ischaemic therapy effectiveness: a case study of nicorandil
Authors: Subbotina T. F. , Kudaev Yu. A. , Lokhovinina N. L. , Alugishvili M. Z. , Abesadze I. T. , Titenkov I. V. , Chernyavskiy M. A. , Panov A. V. , Zhloba A. A. 
Published: August 2023

Scientific relevance. A key anti-ischaemic mechanism of some medicinal products involves their effects on the metabolism of endothelial vasodilators, particularly the synthesis of nitric oxide from arginine and its precursor citrulline.Aim. The study was aimed to determine whether the plasma time course of guanidine derivatives (arginine precursors) is applicable to laboratory control of anti-ischaemic therapy effectiveness using a single oral dose of nicorandil in patients with coronary heart disease as a case study.Materials and methods. The authors used high-performance liquid chromatography to determine metabolites. Blood samples for analysis were obtained from 30 patients with angina pectoris (Grade II–III, Canadian Cardiovascular Society) and 30 healthy donors. All the study participants received a single oral dose of 20 mg nicorandil after 10 h of fasting.Results. At baseline, patients showed significantly higher plasma citrulline levels than donors. However, the elevated levels decreased to the healthy range after nicorandil administration. Plasma arginine levels in patients showed a statistically significant increase following nicorandil administration. Plasma homoarginine levels in patients remained reduced both before and after dosing. Nicorandil did not influence elevated levels of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (asymmetrical dimethylarginine).Conclusions. In addition to the established mechanisms responsible for altering cell metabolism, nicorandil enhances the contribution of citrulline to arginine resynthesis. It is reasonable to include citrulline and arginine, which are involved in the vasodilator response, in model schemes for laboratory control of the effectiveness of anti-ischaemic therapy.
Livid about Liberalism: Putin, State Controlled Television and Kremlin Portrayals of Liberalism
Authors: Sykes Adam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Russian President Vladimir Putin has demonstrated a keen interest in questions of history and political theory over his more than two decades at or near the apex of Russian power. These questions became particularly salient in Russia’s political discourse after Putin returned to power in 2012 and inaugurated the so-called “conservative turn.” This paper examines how Putin characterized liberalism between his return to power in 2012 and the start of the “special military operation” in Ukraine on 24 February 2022. It contends that, over this decade, Putin consistently positioned himself as a moderate critic of Western liberalism as opposed to an uncompromising ideologue, even after the 2014 Ukraine crisis. To highlight this tendency, this paper simultaneously examines two prominent Russian state television personalities – Dmitrii Kiselev and Vladimir Solov’ev – who have used strident rhetoric in describing Western liberalism, notably after the 2014 crisis in Ukraine.
Legitimacies Conflict: The Evolution of Perceived Legitimacy in Modern Russia
Authors: Ternov Nikolay , Mikhailov Dmitry 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The paper proposes a new interpretation of the evolution of legitimacy in Russia based on two pillars: the sociological tradition of legitimacy research, and David Easton’s typology. In this regard, the political process in Russia can be perceived as a conflicting coexistence of various legitimacies. The very conflicting variations begin to prevail in the public consciousness at certain stages of modern Russia existence, not forcing out each other completely.
The trends that prevailed in the definition of Russian statehood allow us to distinguish three stages in the legitimacy evolution, which conditionally correspond to each decade of the existence of modern Russia: the “ideological” stage (90s-00s) and the “structural” one (00s-2012). We define the contemporary period as “personal” that emerged after 2012. The current political crisis in Russia is interpreted as a conflict of “structural” and “personal” legitimacy, that is unfolding against the backdrop of attempts by the authorities to compensate for the lack of trust, with technologies of “quick” self-legitimacy.
The 1999 Moscow Bombings Reconsidered
Authors: Otto Robert 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the evidence that the Federal Security Service (FSB) was behind the 1999 apartment bombings to bring Vladimir Putin to power. Although this version of events may prove true, this article posits that evidence for this assertion is lacking and that current arguments for this version have considerable flaws. In addition, although the official version, despite its weaknesses may also well prove true, the paper posits an as yet an unexplored version to explain the bombings as an “inside job.” The paper looks at the atmosphere prevailing in Moscow that Fall and Berezovskii’s purported role in bringing Vladimir Putin to power which is often overstated. Nonetheless, Putin’s failure to conduct a proper investigation of the bombings makes him complicit in them.
Leibniz’s Causal Road to Existential Independence
Authors: Flattery Tobias 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Leibniz thinks that every created substance is causally active, and yet causally independent of every other: none can cause changes in any but itself. This is not controversial. But Leibniz also thinks that every created substance is existentially independent of every other: it is metaphysically possible for any to exist with or without any other. This is controversial. I argue that, given a mainstream reading of Leibniz’s essentialism, if one accepts the former, uncontroversial interpretation concerning causal independence, then one ought also to accept the latter, controversial one concerning existential independence. This is a new way to defend the ‘existential independence’ interpretation. Moreover, this defense provides a new approach for defending the broadly ‘non-logical’ interpretive camp in the longstanding debate over Leibniz’s views on incompossibility, against perhaps the strongest objection leveled by advocates of the opposing broadly ‘logical’ interpretation.
AÇÃO PROFILÁTICA DO ISOTÔNICO FEITO A PARTIR DAS CASCAS DO FRUTO DA Oenocarpus bacaba Mart. (Arecaceae) CONTRA O ESTRESSE OXIDATIVO INDUZIDO POR CICLOFOSFAMIDA EM CAMUNDONGOS
Authors: Sinhorin Valéria Dornelles Gindri , Cordeiro Luiz Tatiane , Baldissera Luana , Simões da Cunha Ana Paula , Bressan dos Santos Weslley , Lopes Braga Ana Júlia , Sugui Marina Mariko , Valadão Dênia Mendes de Sousa 
Published: August 2023

O isotônico é uma bebida esportiva destinada a atletas. De modo geral apresenta corantes sintéticos na sua composição, e estes por sua vez podem trazer malefícios a saúde e ao meio ambiente, por isso tem se discutido a substituição de corantes sintéticos por corantes de fonte naturais. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o efeito profilático do isotônico produzido a partir da casca do fruto Oenocarpus bacaba sobre o estresse oxidativo em camundongos induzidos pela ciclofosfamida (CYP), bem como avaliação da atividade antimutagênica. Os animais receberam 15 dias de tratamento com o isotônico (solução 2%) e injeção intraperitoneal de CYP (100 mg kg-1) ou soro fisiológico (0,9%) no 15º dia e eutanásia no 16° dia para retirada do fígado e da medula óssea para análises. O isotônico preveniu a diminuição dos antioxidantes enzimático (superóxido dismutase, SOD) e não enzimático (ácido ascórbico, ASA), promoveu a redução da peroxidação lipídica (substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico, TBARS) e foi antimutagênico no teste do micronúcleo. O estudo mostrou que o isotônico foi benéfico contra eventos oxidativos e preveniu danos ao DNA.
Palavras-chave: antimutagênica; antioxidante; antocianinas; fruto amazônico; nutracêutica.

Prophylactic action of isotonic made from the peels of Oenocarpus bacaba Mart. (Arecaceae) fruit against oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide in mice

ABSTRACT: Isotonic is a sports drink intended for athletes. In general, it has synthetic dyes in its composition, and these, in turn, can harm health and the environment, so the replacement of synthetic dyes by natural source dyes has been discussed. This study aimed to investigate the prophylactic effect of the isotonic produced from the peel of the Oenocarpus bacaba fruit on oxidative stress in mice induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP), as well as to evaluate the antimutagenic activity. The animals received 15 days of isotonic treatment (solution 2%) and intraperitoneal injection of CYP (100 mg kg-1) or saline solution (0.9%) on the 15th day and euthanasia on the 16th day to remove the liver and bone marrow for analyses. The isotonic prevented the decrease of enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, SOD) and non-enzymatic (ascorbic acid, ASA) antioxidants, promoted the reduction of lipid peroxidation (substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid, TBARS) and was antimutagenic in the micronucleus test. The study showed that isotonic protects against oxidative events and prevents DNA damage.
Keywords: antimutagenic; antioxidant; anthocyanins; Amazonian fruit; nutraceuticals.
Effects of leonardite and lignite on blood parameters in rats exposed to lead acetate
Authors: Varava M. 
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to research in vivo changes in the hematological and biochemical parameters of laboratory rats' blood when they were continuously exposed to a moderate dose of lead acetate while receiving humic feed additives made of leonardite and lignite. Two-month-old white rats were used to assess the detoxifying properties of the humic compounds leonardite and lignite. The analog pair approach was used to create four groups of eight animals from 32 male laboratory rats for the study. Rats received a pre-meal injection of lead acetate at a dose of 7 mg/100 g of animal weight (1/110 LD50) using a veterinary feeding needle. By creating solutions from lignite and leonardite at a dosage of 18 and 25 mg/kg depending on the active ingredient, humic feed additives were supplied to animals. It has been demonstrated that lignite- and leonardite-based feed additives may affect the morphological parameters of lead acetate-treated rats' blood, including hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte, and platelet count. These parameters were very near to the levels of the intact rats, which suggests that these humic feed additives may have an anti-anemic impact. The effects of feed additives from leonardite and lignite on laboratory rats in groups that were also exposed to a toxic agent for all 21 days of the experiment led to the normalization of markers of the state of protein metabolism in the group of intact animals (serum protein, albumins, urea, creatinine), particularly activity of the enzyme’s aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. As one of the most crucial indicators of lipid metabolism together with cholesterol, the concentration of triglycerides was slightly lower in the humic substances treated groups than in the intact animals. It was discovered that using a feed supplement made from leonardite in a dosage of 18 mg/kg, which contained more fulvic acids than lignite, led to more favorable blood test results in the research group.
ReRender: Reality Rendering
Authors: Feyen Dylon 
Published: August 2023

<p>As technology and social media platforms consume traditional social spaces regularly found in the built world, a deficit of Third Space is developing. When communities become reliant on devices to communicate, those users lose the social security once provided by a built space. Architects may ameliorate this deficit through integrating digital systems within their designs. With personal devices becoming wayfinding, program defining, and space crafting tools, perceptions of space have expanded beyond physical barriers. This augmentation of digital spaces in the built world may provide opportunities for communities to generate a long-lasting sense of place. </p>