bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation using in the preparation process of micron‐sized silica–aluminium composite powders by high‐energy alloying: Building visualisation and guiding preparation
Authors: Guo Zhen‐yu , Zhang Xin , Wang Yan‐jun , Zhang Si‐yuan , Yin Yin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSilica‐aluminium composite powders are important precursors for the preparation of sealant coatings by supersonic flame spraying. Micron‐scale silica‐aluminium composite powders can be prepared using a planetary ball mill, but powder agglomeration often leads to composite failure. Using relevant modelling software to build the 3D modelling of the ball mill jar, which based on the discrete element method, using the Hertz–Mindlin contact model and after specifying the simulation boundary conditions, the ball mill process was simulated and analysed. Visualise the influence of important process parameters such as frequency, size and diameter of milling balls and ball‐to‐powder weight ratio, and systematically analyse the microscopic morphology and composite condition of the agglomerated and dispersed powders. The results show that the ball motion during the ball milling process is mainly divided into three representative types: ball–ball impact, ball crushing motion against the jar wall and ball–wall impact. The energy transfer efficiency of the milling balls to the powder system is highest when the ratio of the three types of motion is uniform. SEM images and EDS spectra showed that the aluminium powder was sufficiently crushed, with an average particle size below 1 μm. The aluminium powder was uniformly distributed on the surface of the silicon powder, and the particle size of the composite silicon aggregates was sufficiently reduced.
Laboratory experiments on the sublimation of methane through ice dust layers and applications to cometary activity
Authors: Tamai Carla , Maté Belén , Cazaux Stéphanie , Satorre Miguel Ángel 
Published: May 2023

Context. Comets are small celestial bodies made of ice, dust, and rock that orbit the Sun. Understanding their behavior as they warm up at perihelion unveils many pieces of information about the interior and general morphology of the ices hidden under the dust.
Aims. The goal of this research is to study the sublimation of CH4 through amorphous solid water (ASW), with a focus on the structural changes in water and the influence of a layer of indene (as a proxy of the crust) during a period of thermal processing, which we use in a controlled laboratory setting to simulate cometary environments.
Methods. Ices at a CH4/H2O abundance ratio of about 0.01 are deposited and layered, or co-deposited, at 30 K and are heated until 200 K (or 140 K) with a ramp of either 1 or 5 K min−1. We use mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy to analyze the results.
Results. Depending on the heating ramp and type of deposition, the sublimation of methane through ASW varies, being lower in intensity and higher in temperature when the co-deposited structure is considered. When two temperature cycles are applied, the second one sees less intense CH4 desorptions. When indene is placed above the ice mixtures, we find that the thicker its layer, the later the methane desorption. However, this later desorption sees a greater quantity of methane released due to water reorganization and higher desorbed material pressure.
Conclusions. The structural changes of water ice drive volatile and hyper-volatile desorption because of the transition from high to low intrinsic density and transformation from amorphous to crystalline. This desorption indicates that such material has been deposited at low temperatures in agreement with previous theories on cometary ices formed in the pre-stellar cloud. During the two temperature cycles of our experiments, most of the released material is seen to be pristine and the processed part, if any, is of a negligible quantity, in agreement with dust-rock cometary studies.
First 3D hybrid-Vlasov global simulation of auroral proton precipitation and comparison with satellite observations
Authors: Grandin Maxime , Luttikhuis Thijs , Battarbee Markus , Cozzani Giulia , Zhou Hongyang , Turc Lucile , Pfau-Kempf Yann , George Harriet , Horaites Konstantinos , Gordeev Evgeny , Ganse Urs , Papadakis Konstantinos , Alho Markku , Tesema Fasil , Suni Jonas , Dubart Maxime , Tarvus Vertti , Palmroth Minna 
Published: May 2023

The precipitation of charged particles from the magnetosphere into the ionosphere is one of the crucial coupling mechanisms between these two regions of geospace and is associated with multiple space weather effects, such as global navigation satellite system signal disruption and geomagnetically induced currents at ground level. While precipitating particle fluxes have been measured by numerous spacecraft missions over the past decades, it often remains difficult to obtain global precipitation patterns with a good time resolution during a substorm. Numerical simulations can help to bridge this gap and improve the understanding of mechanisms leading to particle precipitation at high latitudes through the global view they offer on the near-Earth space system. We present the first results on auroral (0.5–50 keV) proton precipitation within a 3-dimensional simulation of the Vlasiator hybrid-Vlasov model. The run is driven by southward interplanetary magnetic field conditions with constant solar wind parameters. We find that on the dayside, cusp proton precipitation exhibits the expected energy–latitude dispersion and takes place in the form of successive bursts associated with the transit of flux transfer events formed through dayside magnetopause reconnection. On the nightside, the precipitation takes place within the expected range of geomagnetic latitudes, and it appears clearly that the precipitating particle injection is taking place within a narrow magnetic local time span, associated with fast Earthward plasma flows in the near-Earth magnetotail. Finally, the simulated precipitating fluxes are compared to observations from Defense Meteorological Satellite Program spacecraft during driving conditions similar to those in the simulation and are found to be in good agreement with the measurements.
Halsstraffung – für jeden Hals die optimale lokale
Technik
Authors: Borsche André , Lemperle Gottfried 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungEine Vielzahl Patienten stört nur der Hals, sei es ein leichtes
Doppelkinn, ein Fetthals, die auffälligen medialen
Platysma-Stränge oder ein richtiger „turkey gobbler“.
Für jede dieser Indikationen gibt es eine geeignete Operationsmethode,
die Alter und Vorstellung der Patienten, aber auch die Beschaffenheit der Haut,
deren Fettgehalt, und die Ausprägung der Falten im ganzen Gesicht und am
Hals in Betracht zieht. Hier werden 8 verschiedene moderne Techniken
vorgestellt, die einzeln, aber auch in Kombination durchgeführt,
für jeden Patienten individuell ausgewählt werden
können. 1. Ein „angedeutetes Doppelkinn“ wird abgesaugt
2. Ein „ausgeprägtes Doppelkinn“ wird horizontal
exzidiert 3. Ein „reiner Fetthals“ wird abgesaugt und die Haut
exzidiert 4. „Lockere Halshaut“ wird vertikal exzidiert oder als
Facelift gestrafft 5. Ein ausgeprägter “Truthahnhals“
wird vertikal exzidiert oder als vertikales Facelift gestrafft
Acute Abdomen in an Extremely Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Neonate: A
Case of Appendicitis
Authors: Kostekci Yasemin Ezgi , Ocak Buse Onen , Ekiyor Ege , Gucenmez Kader , Demirtas Ferhan , Ergun Ergun , Mehdilli Aysel , Bahadir Gulnur Gollu , Okulu Emel , Erdeve Ömer , Arsan Saadet , Atasay Begum 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction Neonatal appendicitis is a very rare surgical entity.
Non-specific symptoms such as feeding intolerance, abdominal distension,
vomiting, increased gastric residue, lethargy, and fever may be present. The
majority of reported cases could not be identified early. In this report, we
present an extremely low-birth-weight preterm neonate who has been diagnosed
with appendicitis.
Case Presentation A 980-gram preterm baby girl was born at 31 1/7
weeks of gestation. The physical examination was normal at birth. Her initial
clinical course was uneventful. On the 7th day of life, she developed
abdominal distention and tenderness. She had an episode of bloody stools and
bilious vomiting. An abdominal X-ray suggested localized perforation in the
cecum with an air-fluid level in the right lower quadrant. The clinical findings
suggested necrotizing enterocolitis and perforation, and a diagnostic laparotomy
was performed. The bowel was found to be normal with a necrotic appendix. The
appendectomy was performed. She was discharged from the neonatal intensive care
unit with no complications.
Conclusion Appendicitis is extremely rare in the neonatal period. It is
quite challenging to evaluate the presentation accurately, which causes a delay
in diagnosis. However, if an atypical NEC or peritonitis is present,
appendicitis should be considered. Early diagnosis and timely surgical
intervention improve the prognosis of neonatal appendicitis.
Die Krebsregistermeldung aus der Sicht der Deutschen Uro-Onkologen (d-uo)
Authors: Doehn Christian , Johannsen Manfred , Eichenauer Rolf , Klier Jörg , König Frank , Schröder Jörg , Hempel Elke , Schönfelder Robert 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie „aktuelle“ Krebsregistermeldung, wie sie im Jahr 2015 in Deutschland verpflichtend eingeführt wurde, hat ihren Ausgangpunkt auch im Nationalen Krebsplan aus dem Jahr 2008. Weitere Meilensteine sind das Bundeskrebsregisterdatengesetz (2009), das Krebsfrüherkennungs- und -registergesetz (2013), der einheitliche Onkologische Basisdatensatz (2014/2021) mit den Modulen (z.B. Modul Prostatakarzinom 2017) sowie das Gesetz zur Zusammenführung von Krebsregisterdaten (2021).
Deutsche Uro-Onkologen (d-uo) hatten bereits Anfang 2017 die Idee, eine Dokumentationsplattform zu konzipieren, mit der die Mitglieder von d-uo einerseits die Meldung an das Krebsregister ermöglicht wird und andererseits Daten in die eigene Datenbank von d-uo überführt werden können – ohne doppelten Aufwand. Das Krebsregister vergütet die Erstmeldung einer Tumorerkrankung mit 18€. Als weiterhin einziger Anbieter vergütet d-uo seinen Mitgliedern den mit der zusätzlichen Meldung an d-uo verbunden Dokumentationsaufwand mit weiteren 18€.
Zusätzlich zum Onkologischen Basisdatensatz wurden weitere Parameter von d-uo definiert. Diese Daten werden im Rahmen der sogenannten VERSUS-Studie erhoben, ausgewertet und interpretiert. Die Erkenntnis, dass die Parameter des Basisdatensatzes in ihrer Aussagefähigkeit limitiert sind, hat seitens d-uo zur Etablierung der beiden Nationalen Register Urothelkarzinom (UroNAT) und Prostatakarzinom (ProNAT) geführt.
Damit unterstreicht d-uo seine führende Position in der uro-onkologischen Versorgungsforschung in Deutschland.
Predicting Spontaneous Labor beyond 39 Weeks among Low-Risk Expectantly Managed Pregnant Patients
Authors: Sanusi Ayodeji , Ye Yuanfan , Battarbee Ashley N. , Sinkey Rachel , Pearlman Rebecca , Beitel Danyon , Szychowski Jeff M. , Tita Alan T. N. , Subramaniam Akila 
Published: May 2023

Objectives The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics associated with spontaneous labor onset in pregnant patients undergoing expectant management at greater than 39 weeks' gestation and delineate perinatal outcomes associated with spontaneous labor compared with labor induction.
Study Design This was a retrospective cohort study of singleton pregnancies at ≥390/7 weeks' gestation delivered at a single center in 2013. The exclusion criteria were elective induction, cesarean delivery or presence of a medical indication for delivery at 39 weeks, more than one prior cesarean delivery, and fetal anomaly or demise. We evaluated prenatally available maternal characteristics as potential predictors of the primary outcome-spontaneous labor onset. Multivariable logistic regression was used to generate two parsimonious models: one with and one without third trimester cervical dilation. We also performed sensitivity analysis by parity and timing of cervical examination, and compared the mode of delivery and other secondary outcomes between patients who went into spontaneous labor and those who did not.
Results Of 707 eligible patients, 536 (75.8%) attained spontaneous labor and 171 (24.2%) did not. In the first model, maternal body mass index (BMI), parity, and substance use were identified as the most predictive factors. Overall, the model did not predict spontaneous labor (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61–0.70) with high accuracy. The addition of third trimester cervical dilation in the second model did not significantly improve labor prediction (AUC: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.61–0.70; p = 0.76). These results did not differ by timing of cervical examination or parity. Patients admitted in spontaneous labor had lower odds of cesarean delivery (odds ratio [OR]: 0.33; 95% CI: 0.21–0.53) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (OR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.15–0.94). Other perinatal outcomes were similar between the groups.
Conclusion Maternal characteristics did not predict spontaneous labor onset at ≥39 weeks' gestation with high accuracy. Patients should be counseled on the challenges of labor prediction regardless of parity and cervical examination, outcomes if spontaneous labor does not occur, and benefits of labor induction.
Key Points
Filamentous Fungi-Derived Orsellinic Acid-Sesquiterpene Meroterpenoids: Fungal Sources, Chemical Structures, Bioactivities, and Biosynthesis
Authors: Gao Hua , Zhou Luning , Zhang Peng , Wang Ying , Qian Xuan , Liu Yujia , Wu Guangwei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFungi-derived polyketide-terpenoid hybrids are important meroterpenoid natural products that possess diverse structure scaffolds with a broad spectrum of bioactivities. Herein, we focus on
an ever-increasing group of meroterpenoids, orsellinic acid-sesquiterpene hybrids comprised of biosynthetic start unit orsellinic acid coupling to a farnesyl group or/and its modified cyclic
products. The review entails the search of China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed databases up to June 2022. The key terms
include “orsellinic acid”, “sesquiterpene”, “ascochlorin”, “ascofuranone”, and “Ascochyta viciae”, which are combined with the structures of “ascochlorin” and “ascofuranone” drawn by
the Reaxys and Scifinder databases. In our search, these orsellinic acid-sesquiterpene hybrids are mainly produced by filamentous fungi. Ascochlorin was the first compound reported in 1968
and isolated from filamentous fungus Ascochyta viciae (synonym: Acremonium egyptiacum; Acremonium sclerotigenum); to date, 71 molecules are discovered from various filamentous
fungi inhabiting in a variety of ecological niches. As typical representatives of the hybrid molecules, the biosynthetic pathway of ascofuranone and ascochlorin are discussed. The group of
meroterpenoid hybrids exhibits a broad arrange of bioactivities, as highlighted by targeting hDHODH (human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase) inhibition, antitrypanosomal, and antimicrobial
activities. This review summarizes the findings related to the structures, fungal sources, bioactivities, and their biosynthesis from 1968 to June 2022.
In Vivo and in Silico Assessment of Ameliorative Effects of Xylopia aethiopica on Testosterone Propionate-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Ibiam Udu A. , Uti Daniel E. , Ejeogo Chris C. , Orji Obasi U. , Aja Patrick M. , Nwamaka Ezeaani N. , Alum Esther U. , Chukwu Chukwuma , Aloke Chinyere , Chinedum Kate E. , Agu Peter , Nwobodo Valentine 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Xylopia aethiopica (XAE) is a commonly used herbal medicine and contains rich active ingredients for a variety of biological activities. The study aimed to explore the role of XAE in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In the study, testosterone propionate-induced BPH in albino rats was established and treated with different concentrations of ethanol extract of XAE leaf. After treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and the body and prostate weights were recorded. The prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and acid phosphatase (ACP) levels in the blood samples were also determined. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was conducted to assess the active chemical compounds. Docking analysis was performed to screen chemical compounds by evaluating their binding affinity with two pro-BPH protein targets (cellular prostatic ACP and PSA). Our data showed the presence of 44 chemical compounds in XAE leaf extract. The body and prostate weights, as well as the levels of PSA and ACP, were significantly increased in BPH induction, and the changing trend was significantly reversed by additional XAE treatment. Interestingly, PSA and ACP levels in XAE-treated groups were reduced to almost the same levels as those in the healthy control. Docking analysis identified four top-posed compounds: β-amyrin, α-amyrin, α-amyrenone, and lupenone with stronger binding energies to prostatic ACP being −9.8, −8.3, −8.4, and −8.6, respectively, compared with the standard drug finasteride (−8.3). Furthermore, the two-dimensional analysis revealed strong interactions through hydrogen bonding, covalent interactions, and several van der Waal forces between the lead compounds and the target proteins. Notably, there was a recurrence interaction between similar residues Asn-1062, Lys-1250, Lys-1059, and Phe-1060 on the protein targets and the lead compounds. The study first revealed the role of XAE in BPH therapy and will help in drug design based on the lead compounds discovered in this work.
Is brand activism an emotional affair? The role of moral emotions in consumer responses to brand activism
Authors: Wannow Stefanie , Haupt Martin , Ohlwein Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs brand activism continues to move up the corporate agenda, a more comprehensive understanding of its effects is needed. This paper contributes to the evolving research by investigating moral emotions (i.e. other-praising and other-condemning emotions) as mediating factors and consumer-brand identification (CBI) as a moderator that shape consumer reactions to brand activism. Three scenario-based experiments on two divisive topics show that activist messages elicit moral emotions that determine how individuals respond to them, depending on whether or not they agree with the brand’s stance. Moreover, this effect of (dis)agreeing with the brand’s stance on brand attitude is moderated by CBI. In case of a strong identification, an activist message does not affect brand attitude as CBI attenuates the activation of moral emotions – both in the positive case of agreement and in the negative case of disagreement. Finally, brand activism may counter the brand’s social goals, as it disproportionally motivates opponents of the brand’s stand to advocate their own contrary views on the contentious issue. In sum, these findings underscore both the emotional nature of consumer reactions to brand activism and the high level of social responsibility of companies that position themselves as political actors.
How do representatives from sporting organisations understand primary prevention of violence against women?
Authors: Liston Ruth , Hamilton Gemma , McCook Sarah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSports settings have been identified as important locations for the prevention of violence against women, with numerous prevention initiatives currently running in many sports internationally. However, little is known about how those involved in sporting organisations, who are often tasked with delivering such initiatives, conceptualise the prevention of violence against women. This research draws on a survey of people who were invited to participate if they had professional experience in the development or delivery of violence prevention programs in their sporting organisation. We found that a cohort of participants had a limited understanding of primary prevention and how it applies to the prevention of violence against women through sport. Broadly, they were not aware of the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention techniques. These findings suggest that there is a need for better education of those working in sporting organisations about the nature of primary prevention of violence against women as well as deeper consideration of the complex nature of doing violence prevention work through sport.
Disentangling the confounding spectroscopy of C1 molecules: Without symmetry as a guide, everything is allowed
Authors: Wilhelm Michael J. , Johnson Timothy J. , Myers Tanya L. 
Published: May 2023

The spectra of C1 molecules are confounding in that each of the fundamental vibrational modes transform as the same irreducible representation (A) and hence each band consists of a seemingly random distribution of a-, b-, and c-type transitions. This is in contrast to higher symmetry molecules for which band types are readily deduced by simple symmetry rules. Herein, we present a method to simulate the convoluted rotational contours in the gas-phase spectra of C1 molecules by combining existing ab initio calculations with Colin Western’s pgopher rotational contour program. Specifically, ab initio calculations in the NWChem suite of programs were employed to predict the components of the dipole moment derivatives along the principal axes of the moments of inertia. This information was then input into pgopher to model the fundamental band contours as a sum of a-, b-, and c-type transitions. This method was applied to simulate the rotational contour spectra of a series of representative C1 molecules which were then compared against both ab initio stick spectra and experimentally measured broadband IR spectra from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory infrared gas-phase database. In addition to providing further insight beyond what is revealed in a typical stick spectrum, the simulated contours showed good agreement with the measured spectra.
Characterisation of volatile organic compounds in dingo scat and a comparison with those of the domestic dog
Authors: Lepan Tyler J. , Truong Thy T. , Yadav Sonu , Ballard J. William O. 
Published: May 2023

Olfaction is a widespread mode of communication in mammals. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in biological samples such as scat and urine give them either a repellent property to warn prey or an attractant property to communicate reproductive, social, and territorial status to conspecifics. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are VOC differences in the scat of a dingo compared to that of a domestic German Shepherd Dog (GSD). We standardised the diet for 10 days and then collected scat from 14 dingoes and 11 GSDs. Using headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we characterised VOCs present in the dingo scat and compared the composition with those of GSDs. We identified 58 significant VOCs out of a total of 154 VOCs identified in both dingoes and GSDs. Of these, 12 were significantly higher in the scat of dingoes and 46 elevated in the GSD. Of the 12 elevated in the dingo, three were unique and present in high concentration (>10 ng/g), four were elevated and present in high concentration and five were present at low concentrations (<10 ng/g). We suggest that the detected differences show potential to be incorporated into dingo management strategies.