bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photoacoustic micro‐viscoelastography for mapping mechanocellular properties
Authors: Yang Fen , Chen Wei , Chen Zhongjiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCellular biomechanical properties provide essential insights into biological functions regarding health and disease. Current measurements of the biomechanical properties of cells require physical contact with cells or pre‐loading on the cells. Here, we have developed photoacoustic micro‐viscoelastography (PAMVE), which utilizes the phase characteristics of photoacoustic (PA) response, for mapping mechanocellular properties in a load‐free manner. PAMVE realizes the local viscoelasticity measurement on the macrophages and red blood cells with micrometer scale. Furthermore, PAMVE can successfully identify the adipose cell and skeletal muscle cell due to the difference in their composition‐related biomechanical properties. PAMVE represents an irreplaceable option for interrogating characteristic mechanocellular properties, opening the possibility of studying cellular mechanobiology and pathophysiology.
Deep learning‐based photodamage reduction on harmonic generation microscope at low‐level optical power
Authors: Shen Yi‐Jiun , Liao En‐Yu , Tai Tsung‐Ming , Liao Yi‐Hua , Sun Chi‐Kuang , Lee Cheng‐Kuang , See Simon , Chen Hung‐Wen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe trade‐off between high‐quality images and cellular health in optical bioimaging is a crucial problem. We demonstrated a deep‐learning‐based power‐enhancement (PE) model in a harmonic generation microscope (HGM), including second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG). Our model can predict high‐power HGM images from low‐power images, greatly reducing the risk of phototoxicity and photodamage. Furthermore, the PE model trained only on normal skin data can also be used to predict abnormal skin data, enabling the dermatopathologist to successfully identify and label cancer cells. The PE model shows potential for in‐vivo and ex‐vivo HGM imaging.
Microscopic in‐situ analysis of the mucosal healing around implants treated by protease activated receptor 4‐agonist peptide or perpendicularly protruded type I collagen in rats
Authors: Song Young Woo , Maekawa Shogo , Sasaki Keito , Yoshida Daichi , Nagai Masazumi , Ishikawa‐Nagai Shigemi , Da Silva John , Kim David Minjoon , Chen Chia‐Yu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEnhanced mucosal sealing around titanium implants can reduce complications such as peri‐implantitis. The present study aims to investigate the mucosal healing at the early stage around the protease activated receptor 4‐agonist peptide (PAR4‐AP)‐ or perpendicularly protruded type I collagen (pCol)‐treated titanium implants. A total of 72 implants were placed in 36 rats in the study. Following extractions, two tissue‐level implants among the following three different surfaces, PAR4‐AP‐coated (PAR4 group, n = 24), pCol‐treated (pCol group, n = 24) and non‐treated (control group, n = 24) ones, were placed in the maxillae of each rat based on a split‐mouth design. The specimens retrieved at 8 h (n = 8 per group), 3 days (n = 8 per group), and 2 weeks (n = 8 per group), were immunostained and tissue‐cleared, and the signals of laminin‐5 and collagen fibers were observed under multiphoton microscopy. Statistical analyses were performed using linear mixed model with post hoc tests to compare differences between the groups. While there was no intergroup difference at 8 h, the laminin‐5 at 3 days was more abundant near the PAR4‐group‐surface, and its area was significantly larger in the PAR4 group (0.0204 ± 0.0194 mm2) than the control (0.0019 ± 0.0025 mm2, p = .001) and pCol (0.0023 ± 0.0022 mm2, p < .001) groups. The pCol group showed a significantly larger area of collagen fibers (0.0230 ± 0.0148 mm2) compared to the control (0.0035 ± 0.0051 mm2, p = .002) and PAR4 (0.0031 ± 0.0057 mm2, p < .001) groups at 3 days. At 3 days and 2 weeks, the collagen fiber orientation of the pCol group showed a more perpendicular manner compared to the control and PAR4 groups. The signal of basal lamina and collagen fibers were stronger around the PAR4‐AP‐ and pCol‐treated titanium surfaces, respectively during the early healing stage. This could have implications for improved mucosal sealing around dental implants, potentially reducing complications such as peri‐implantitis.
VEGF Secretion Drives Bone Formation in Classical MAP2K1+ Melorheostosis
Authors: Allbritton-King Jules D , Maity Jyotirindra , Patel Amit , Colbert Robert A , Navid Fatemeh , Bhattacharyya Timothy 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Patients with classical melorheostosis exhibit exuberant bone overgrowth in the appendicular skeleton, resulting in pain and deformity with no known treatment. Most patients have somatic, mosaic mutations in MAP2K1 (encoding the MEK1 protein) in osteoblasts and overlying skin. As with most rare bone diseases, lack of affected tissue has limited the opportunity to understand how the mutation results in excess bone formation. The aim of this study was to create a cellular model to study melorheostosis. We obtained patient skin cells bearing the MAP2K1 mutation (affected cells), and along with isogenic control normal fibroblasts reprogrammed them using the Sendai virus method into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Pluripotency was validated by marker staining and embryoid body formation. iPSCs were then differentiated to mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) and validated by flow cytometry. We confirmed retention of the MAP2K1 mutation in iMSCs with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed elevated MEK1 activity by immunofluorescence staining. Mutation-bearing iMSCs showed significantly elevated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion, proliferation and collagen I and IV secretion. iMSCs were then differentiated into osteoblasts, which showed increased mineralization at 21 days and increased VEGF secretion at 14 and 21 days of differentiation. Administration of VEGF to unaffected iMSCs during osteogenic differentiation was sufficient to increase mineralization. Blockade of VEGF by bevacizumab reduced mineralization in iMSC-derived affected osteoblasts and in affected primary patient-derived osteoblasts. These data indicate that patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells recreate the elevated MEK1 activity, increased mineralization, and increased proliferation seen in melorheostosis patients. The increased bone formation is driven, in part, by abundant VEGF secretion. Modifying the activity of VEGF (a known stimulator of osteoblastogenesis) represents a promising treatment pathway to explore. iPSCs may have wide applications to other rare bone diseases. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
A Survey of the Status of Methadone Switching in Japan Using a Hospital‐Based Administrative Claims Database
Authors: Imai Shungo , Aoki Natsumi , Ikegami Keisuke , Kizaki Hayato , Hori Satoko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMethadone is generally used for the management of cancer pain in patients who cannot obtain adequate analgesia from other strong opioids; however, it has a complicated and inconsistent conversion ratio from pre‐switching opioid dosage to methadone. This issue may be pronounced in Japan because only oral tablets are commercially available. We aimed to elucidate the status of methadone switching in Japan, focusing on its dosage. Using a Japanese hospital‐based administrative claims database, we included patients who switched to methadone between April 2008 and January 2021. The proportion of methadone switching completion that required more than the defined conversion ratio in the Japanese package insert (called “high‐dose methadone switching”) was evaluated as a primary endpoint. Other endpoints included “the duration from initiation to completion of methadone switching” and “factors affecting high‐dose methadone switching by using multivariate logistic regression analysis”. Of 1585 patients who received methadone, 370 were enrolled. Among those, 130 (35.1%) received high‐dose methadone switching. The median duration of methadone switching completion (12 days) was longer in the high‐dose methadone switching group than in other patients. Four variables were identified as factors affecting high‐dose methadone switching. Younger age and outpatient status increased the risk of requiring high‐dose methadone switching, whereas the concomitant use of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and fentanyl as a pre‐switching opioid decreased the risk. In conclusion, more than 30% of the patients underwent high‐dose methadone switching and required long completion periods, suggesting that methadone switching remains challenging in Japan.
Effectiveness of E‐learning on clinical application of dental injection anatomy via simulation manikins
Authors: Canarsky Nathan T. , Ingram Katie E. , Schissel Makayla E. , Yoachim Shayla D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeE‐learning is frequently integrated into dental education, yet little is known on the effectiveness of e‐learning in both instilling foundational knowledge and facilitating translation of newly acquired knowledge and skill into clinical application. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of learning modality on acquisition of knowledge and translation to clinical skill using objective feedback from oral anesthesia manikins and subjects’ self‐reported confidence scores.MethodsThis mixed‐method study involved first year dental students (n = 52) who volunteered to participate in a learning intervention, simulation exercise, and survey in 2022. Students were randomly assigned to lecture (n = 26) or e‐learning (n = 26) cohorts and then participated in the intervention, postintervention assessment, and a simulation to evaluate correct approaches for each dental block and attempts to success.ResultsAll subjects scored significantly higher on post‐intervention assessment compared to pre‐intervention assessment (8.2 vs. 5.9; p < 0.0001) with no significant differences between intervention groups when comparing preintervention and postintervention scores. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the two cohorts when comparing abilities to correctly approach each dental block or attempts to success. Finally, all students reported a significant increase in confidence in most categories following intervention and simulation, with no significant differences between lecture and e‐learning cohorts.ConclusionOur findings suggest students learning via e‐learning are equally capable as those learning via lecture at demonstrating newly acquired knowledge and skill in both assessments and clinical simulations. Results support incorporating supplemental e‐learning and oral anesthesia manikin exercises for students learning the anatomy of dental injections.
Diagnostic value of fecal calprotectin in primary care patients with gastrointestinal symptoms: A retrospective Swedish cohort study
Authors: Rendek Zlatica , Falk Magnus , Grodzinsky Ewa , Kechagias Stergios , Hjortswang Henrik 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the diagnostic accuracy of fecal calprotectin (FC) for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and organic gastrointestinal disease (OGID) in primary care. To examine the association with demographic factors, symptoms and concomitant medical therapy.MethodsA retrospective analysis of data on all semiquantitative FC tests from individuals ≥18 years conducted in primary care in Östergötland County in 2010. A 5‐year follow‐up with inclusion of new gastrointestinal diagnoses.ResultsA total of 1293 eligible patients were included. IBD was found in 8.8% and other OGID in 30.8% of patients with positive FC. Positive FC was associated with diarrhea, age >60 years, duration <3 months, use of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID), and proton pump inhibitor (PPI). Predictors of IBD were positive FC, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, and male sex; predictors of OGID positive FC, age >35 years, abnormal clinical findings, and duration <3 months. FC yielded the highest sensitivity and negative predictive value compared with demographic factors, symptoms, and duration. Use of NSAID and PPI showed a marginal increase in the sensitivity, positive predictive value, and decrease in the specificity of FC. Within 5 years, 4.0% had a new gastrointestinal diagnosis among patients with positive FC (0.6% IBD).ConclusionsFC reliably rules out IBD and contradicts the presence of other OGID in primary care patients. Positive FC test together with other predictors, such as diarrhea, rectal bleeding, short duration, or age >35 years, should encourage a prioritized investigation. Use of NSAID, PPI, and ASA may affect the diagnostic accuracy of FC for IBD and OGID.
A Nationwide Population‐Based Study for the Recurrence and Comorbidities in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Authors: Ko Hye Yeon , Nam Hae Jeong , Kim Min Hee 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to investigate the cumulative recurrence rate of SSNHL and to determine association between comorbidities and recurrence of SSNHL by comparing patients with and without recurrence.MethodsUsing the National Health Insurance Claims Database (NHICD) from 2009 to 2020, we conducted a population‐based study. We only enrolled patients whose records showed a prescription for steroid and audiometry findings as well as an appropriate diagnostic code. Recurrence of SSNHL was defined as an episode of SSNHL greater than or equal to 3 months after the first episode of SSNHL. We compared the recurrence rate of SSNHL according to age and number of SSNHL recurrences. We also explored comorbidities including autoimmune, metabolic, chronic renal diseases, cancer, and migraine associated with recurrent SSNHL.ResultsA total of 257,123 patients were identified. We found that 6.7% (17,270/257,123) of the patients had at least one recurrence of SSNHL. The recurrence rate increases with the number of recurrences and over time. The incidence per 100,000 people tended to increase with age, and the recurrence rate appeared to decrease with age. We found an increase in the incidence of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and a decrease in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), myocardial infarction (MI), and hemorrhagic stroke in patients with recurrence.ConclusionFor patients with recurrence or AS, considerable efforts should be made to prevent recurrence. As SSNHL is an emergent otologic condition, when symptoms occur, they should receive immediate treatment. Additional well‐designed population‐based studies are required to generalize our results.Level of Evidence3Laryngoscope, 134:1417–1425, 2024
The Development of Head and Neck Cancer in Patients with the Isolated Complaint of Globus Pharyngeus
Authors: Maronian Nicole , Cabrera Claudia , Dewey John , Meyer Tanya 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesGlobus pharyngeus (GP) is a perplexing problem that accounts for 4% of referrals to otolaryngologists. Workup can be extensive and may not be definitive in terms of etiology. The concern that lingers is that of a subtle cancer, which can prolong anxiety and increase testing cost. The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of head and neck cancer (HNC) in patients diagnosed with GP.MethodsLongitudinal data were captured from two academic institutions, identifying patients with a new diagnosis of globus pharyngeus in 2015. The patient cohort was tracked for at least 4 years to assure follow‐up and ability to determine if a HNC developed. Additional demographic data was also collected to determine most common consults, treatments, and testing employed.ResultsExcluding patients with previous diagnosis of HNC, 377 patients were identified who presented with GP in 2015 that had at least 4 years of follow‐up. Demographics were predominantly women (64.65%), with a mean age of 56.48 years at diagnosis, and the most common provider specialty on the first visit was otolaryngology (39.52%). Four patients ultimately developed HN cancer, for an overall incidence of 1% for the 4‐year period of 2015–2019.ConclusionsGiven the long‐term follow‐up of this population, the overall incidence of developing a head and neck cancer, with a presenting symptom of globus, is low. This is the largest study to date to report the percentage of patients endorsing GP to then subsequently develop HNC. This helps otolaryngologists to reassure patients who have a normal comprehensive exam, flexible endoscopy, and targeted studies.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:1147–1154, 2024
A new architecture combining convolutional and transformer‐based networks for automatic 3D multi‐organ segmentation on CT images
Authors: Li Chengyin , Bagher‐Ebadian Hassan , Sultan Rafi Ibn , Elshaikh Mohamed , Movsas Benjamin , Zhu Dongxiao , Chetty Indrin J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeDeep learning‐based networks have become increasingly popular in the field of medical image segmentation. The purpose of this research was to develop and optimize a new architecture for automatic segmentation of the prostate gland and normal organs in the pelvic, thoracic, and upper gastro‐intestinal (GI) regions.MethodsWe developed an architecture which combines a shifted‐window (Swin) transformer with a convolutional U‐Net. The network includes a parallel encoder, a cross‐fusion block, and a CNN‐based decoder to extract local and global information and merge related features on the same scale. A skip connection is applied between the cross‐fusion block and decoder to integrate low‐level semantic features. Attention gates (AGs) are integrated within the CNN to suppress features in image background regions. Our network is termed “SwinAttUNet.” We optimized the architecture for automatic image segmentation. Training datasets consisted of planning‐CT datasets from 300 prostate cancer patients from an institutional database and 100 CT datasets from a publicly available dataset (CT‐ORG). Images were linearly interpolated and resampled to a spatial resolution of (1.0 × 1.0× 1.5) mm3. A volume patch (192 × 192 × 96) was used for training and inference, and the dataset was split into training (75%), validation (10%), and test (15%) cohorts. Data augmentation transforms were applied consisting of random flip, rotation, and intensity scaling. The loss function comprised Dice and cross‐entropy equally weighted and summed. We evaluated Dice coefficients (DSC), 95th percentile Hausdorff Distances (HD95), and Average Surface Distances (ASD) between results of our network and ground truth data.ResultsSwinAttUNet, DSC values were 86.54 ± 1.21, 94.15 ± 1.17, and 87.15 ± 1.68% and HD95 values were 5.06 ± 1.42, 3.16 ± 0.93, and 5.54 ± 1.63 mm for the prostate, bladder, and rectum, respectively. Respective ASD values were 1.45 ± 0.57, 0.82 ± 0.12, and 1.42 ± 0.38 mm. For the lung, liver, kidneys and pelvic bones, respective DSC values were: 97.90 ± 0.80, 96.16 ± 0.76, 93.74 ± 2.25, and 89.31 ± 3.87%. Respective HD95 values were: 5.13 ± 4.11, 2.73 ± 1.19, 2.29 ± 1.47, and 5.31 ± 1.25 mm. Respective ASD values were: 1.88 ± 1.45, 1.78 ± 1.21, 0.71 ± 0.43, and 1.21 ± 1.11 mm. Our network outperformed several existing deep learning approaches using only attention‐based convolutional or Transformer‐based feature strategies, as detailed in the results section.ConclusionsWe have demonstrated that our new architecture combining Transformer‐ and convolution‐based features is able to better learn the local and global context for automatic segmentation of multi‐organ, CT‐based anatomy.
Surface modification of perovskite‐type oxide LaFeO3 with electroless nickel deposition for application in MH‐Ni batteries
Authors: Xu Jianyi , Zhang Guofang , Zhao Xin , Hu Feng , Ke Dandan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, the perovskite‐type oxide LaFeO3 is treated by electroless Ni deposition with different reaction time and the electrochemical properties of the resulting material are investigated as the anode for MH‐Ni batteries. XRD, SEM, and TEM measurements reveal a uniform deposition of crystalline nickel on the oxide surface and a clear increase in the amount of Ni coating with the deposition time. The electrochemical analysis shows that the electroless deposition can significantly improve the maximum discharge capacity of the battery. Furthermore, the coated electrodes exhibit excellent activation performance and superior cyclic stability. With the increase in the reaction temperature, improvements in the discharge ability, exchange current density, and diffusing coefficient of hydrogen are also observed.
Optimal energy provision early in ICU stay for critically ill patients receiving parenteral nutrition
Authors: Nagy Ahmed , Delic Justin , Hollands James M. , Oh Song , Pasciolla Stacy , Pontiggia Laura , Solomon Diana , Bingham Angela L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundLiterature on optimal energy provision via parenteral nutrition (PN) is limited and the evidence quality is low. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is a difference in outcomes in adult critically ill patients when receiving lower vs higher calorie provision via PN early in intensive care unit (ICU) stay.MethodsAdult patients initiated on PN within the first 10 days of ICU stay from May 2014 to June 2021 were included in this retrospective study. The primary outcome was to determine the impact of lower (<20 kcal/kg/day) vs higher (>25 kcal/kg/day) calorie provision on all‐cause, in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were to determine the impact of calorie provision on hospital or ICU length of stay and incidence of complications.ResultsThis study included 133 patients: a lower calorie provision group (n = 77) and a higher calorie provision group (n = 56). There was a significant difference in all‐cause, in‐hospital mortality between the lower and the higher calorie provision groups (36.36% and 17.86%, respectively; P = 0.02). However, upon a multivariate analysis of death at discharge, the specific calorie provision group did not affect the probability of death at hospital discharge. The secondary outcomes were not significantly different between groups.ConclusionWhen comparing lower calorie provision with higher calorie provision in adult critically ill patients receiving PN early within their ICU stay, there were no differences in outcomes after controlling for significant confounders. Future larger prospective studies should further evaluate optimal caloric provision via PN in this population.
Characteristics of patients with anxiety disorder without selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor prescription over a two‐year period of pharmacotherapy
Authors: Mori Keisuke , Kodaka Fumitoshi , Yamamoto Arisa , Yamazaki Ryuichi , Ishii Junpei , Yamadera Wataru , Miyata Hisatsugu , Shigeta Masahiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionPharmacotherapy such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin‐noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors is recommended for the treatment of anxiety disorders. Although there are patients with persisted symptoms of anxiety disorders who are treated with monotherapy of benzodiazepine anxiolytics without SSRIs, the characteristics of these patients are unclear. In the present study, we investigated the characteristics of patients with persisted symptoms of anxiety disorder without SSRI prescription.MethodsFrom a prescription dataset covering 2018 and 2020, the prescriptions of 243 patients with anxiety disorder were analyzed. Patients were classified into two groups: SSRI non‐prescription and prescription groups.ResultsThe SSRI non‐prescription group had a higher ratio of females than did the SSRI prescription group (60.1% vs. 44.6%, respectively, p = 3.12 × 10−2), but statistically not significant after the Bonferroni correction. No significant differences in age, body mass index, or duration of outpatient visits were found between groups. Among the independent variables, sex (female) was the only variable identified that predicted SSRI non‐prescription.ConclusionThe present study showed that among patients with anxiety disorders, sex (female) was the only variable that predicted SSRI non‐prescription.