bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of BMI‐based tube voltage selection in CT colonography: A prospective comparison of low kV versus routine 120 kV protocol
Authors: Li Beibei , Wang Xu , Fan Yong , Wang Shigeng , Tong Xiaoyu , Zhang Jingyi , Li Jianying , Liu Yijun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the value of individualized kVp selection based on the patient's body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) in CT colonography (CTC).Materials and MethodsSeventy‐eight patients underwent two CTC scans: conventional 120 kVp in supine position (Group A) with 30% Adaptive statistical iteration algorithm (ASIR–V) and BMI–based lower kV p in prone position (Group B): tube voltage was suggested by an experienced investigator according to the patient's body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight divided by height squared; kg/m (2)).70 kV for BMI < 23 kg/m2 (Group B1, n = 27), 80 kV for 23 ≤ BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2(Group B2, n = 21) and 100 kV for BMI > 25 kg/m2 (Group B3, n = 30). Group A, corresponding to the BMI value in Group B, was divided into A1, A2, and A3 subgroups for analysis. Groups B used ASIR‐V of different weights (30%–90% ASIR–V). The Hounsfield Unit (HU) and SD values of the muscles and the intestinal cavity air were measured, and the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and the contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) of images were calculated. Imaging quality was evaluated by two reviewers and statistically compared.ResultsThe 120 kV scans were preferred more than 50% of the time. All images had excellent quality with good consistency between reviewers (Kappa > 0.75, p < 0.05). The radiation dose was reduced in groups B1, B2 and B3 by 63.62%, 44.63%, and 32.14%, respectively, compared with group A (p < 0.05). The SNR and CNR values between group A1/A2/A3 and B1/B2/B3 + 60%ASIR‐V were not statistically significant (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the subjective scores of group B combined with 60%ASIR‐V and group A (p > 0.05).ConclusionBMI‐based individualized kV CTC imaging significantly reduces overall radiation dose while providing an equal image quality with the conventional 120 kV.
Novel Sulfur‐Containing Carbon Nanotubes with Graphene Nanoflaps for Stretchable Sensing, Joule Heating, and Electro‐Thermal Actuating
Authors: Ren Dayong , Zhao Chendong , Zhang Shaoning , Zhang Kan , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStretchable conductors based on nanopercolation networks have garnered great attention for versatile applications. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are well‐suited for creating high‐efficiency nanopercolation networks. However, the weak interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between CNTs and elastomer hardly dissipates the deformation energy and thus deteriorates the conductive network. Herein, a novel sulfur‐containing CNTs attached with abundant graphene nanoflaps using a two‐step sulfidation strategy are developed. The sulfur functionality creates a strong interfacial interaction with the elastomer polymer, while the graphene nanoflaps provide an enhanced, intertwined shear interface with elastomer that is capable of efficiently dissipating the deformation energy. As a result, the optimized nanocomposite significantly improves the IFSS between nanofiller and elastomer, displaying remarkable conductive robustness (ΔR/R0≈1.8 under 200%), superior stretchability (> 450%), and excellent mechanical durability (≈30 000 cycles). Moreover, the nanocomposite demonstrates excellent Joule heating efficiency (≈150 °C in 12 V), stretchable heating conversion (≈200%), and long‐term stability (> 24 h). To illustrate its capabilities, the nanocomposite is used to track human physiological signals and perform electric‐thermal actuating as a set of soft tongs. It is believed that this innovative approach will provide value for the development of wearable/stretchable devices, as well as human‐machine interaction, and bio‐robotics in the future.
siRNA Delivery against Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury Mediated by Reversibly Camouflaged Biomimetic Nanocomplexes
Authors: Zhou Yang , Liang Qiujun , Wu Xuejie , Duan Shanzhou , Ge Chenglong , Ye Huan , Lu Jianhui , Zhu Rongying , Chen Yongbing , Meng Fenghua , Yin Lichen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractsiRNA‐mediated management of myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury is greatly hampered by the inefficient myocardial enrichment and cardiomyocyte transfection. Herein, nanocomplexes (NCs) reversibly camouflaged with a platelet–macrophage hybrid membrane (HM) are developed to efficiently deliver Sav1 siRNA (siSav1) into cardiomyocytes, suppressing the Hippo pathway and inducing cardiomyocyte regeneration. The biomimetic BSPC@HM NCs consist of a cationic nanocore assembled from a membrane‐penetrating helical polypeptide (P‐Ben) and siSav1, a charge‐reversal intermediate layer of poly(l‐lysine)‐cis‐aconitic acid (PC), and an outer shell of HM. Due to HM‐mediated inflammation homing and microthrombus targeting, intravenously injected BSPC@HM NCs can efficiently accumulate in the IR‐injured myocardium, where the acidic inflammatory microenvironment triggers charge reversal of PC to shed off both HM and PC layers and allow the penetration of the exposed P‐Ben/siSav1 NCs into cardiomyocytes. In rats and pigs, BSPC@HM NCs remarkably downregulates Sav1 in IR‐injured myocardium, promotes myocardium regeneration, suppresses myocardial apoptosis, and recovers cardiac functions. This study reports a bioinspired strategy to overcome the multiple systemic barriers against myocardial siRNA delivery, and holds profound potential for gene therapy against cardiac injuries.
Multimodal Information Perception and Understanding: Application of Smart Glove in Virtual‐Reality Fusion Chemistry Experiment Platform
Authors: Wang Hongyue , Feng Zhiquan , Meng Xin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) experimental platforms are frequently utilized in the teaching of chemical experiments because of its high level of interest, lifelike effect, and safe and dependable advantages. However, users are unable to operate genuine experimental equipment on the present VR experimental platform, and these systems are unable to precisely assess and manage users’ operation intentions. In light of the aforementioned concerns, this paper develops a smart glove with cognitive capabilities, which is composed of a variety of simple commercial sensors and binocular cameras. The smart glove can be applied to the virtual‐reality fusion chemical experiment platform established in this paper. Additionally, a navigation interaction algorithm based on multimodal intention understanding is also proposed in this study (hereinafter referred to as NIAMIU algorithm). The smart glove can accurately and efficiently obtain the user's operation intention through the algorithm. The experiment showcased that the smart glove detailed in this paper is capable of precisely determining the position of users’ hands in space and guiding and rectifying the user's interactive behavior. Meanwhile, users may converse with the smart glove in an unsupervised setting and conclude the experiment by following the directions supplied by the smart glove. In comparison to a conventional data glove, the smart glove designed in this paper considerably augments the accuracy and efficiency of human‐computer interaction.
Nonvolatile Switchable Broadband Polarization Conversion with Wearable Terahertz Chalcogenide Metamaterials
Authors: Lian Meng , Su Ying , Liu Kuan , Zhang Shoujun , Chen Xieyu , Ren Haonan , Xu Yihan , Chen Jiajia , Tian Zhen , Cao Tun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolarization is a fundamental characteristic of light waves carrying sensitive measurement and signal communication information. Traditional schemes for advanced controlling polarization impose stringent requirements on material features and obtain merely limited performance. Integration of diversified and switchable functions into monolithic metamaterials has become a rising research field, particularly for the terahertz (THz) spectrum. However, the study on the switchable and wearable polarization meta‐converter with nonvolatile operation stays unexplored. Here, the switching of metamaterial‐induced ultra‐broadband and very efficient reflective linear polarization conversion at the THz frequency is experimentally realized. When the as‐deposited Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST225) capping layer of the proposed converter is in amorphous state, the multilayered metamaterials possess triple neighboring peak resonances, by which the linear incident polarization could be converted to its orthogonal counterpart on reflection. The measured polarization conversion ratio (PCR) under normal incidence is above 0.7 in the spectrum ranging from 0.53 to 1.25 THz. Notably, the strength of PCR can be continuously tuned as gradually transiting the structural state of GST225 from amorphous to crystalline. This continuously switchable converter may pave an avenue for dynamically controlling the THz polarization states and bring more possibilities for flexible meta‐devices in the various applications for THz imaging, spectroscopy, and communications.
Enabling Perovskite Solar Cell Omnidirectional Light Utilizing Via Trapping Technology
Authors: Wang Weijian , Yu Gang , Attique Sanam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPromising optoelectronic properties of perovskites make it a research hotspot for the scientific community. Previously many groups are working on optical optimization, interface modification, material screening, and energy level matching of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, PSCs compatible with nano‐structure and photonic crystal (NSPC) are designed theoretically by using the numerical simulation technology that gives better light trapping capability to the PSC devices. The physical model is composed of perovskite spheres based on TiO2 and PDMS with the nanostructure. The size parameters of the photovoltaic devices are optimized and the wide‐angle absorption characteristics of PSCs with NSPC structure are investigated. Simulation results verify the superior optical performance of the new PSCs with a maximum photocurrent of 25.77 mA cm−2, which is 2.17 mA cm−2 higher than that of the conventional flat structured PSCs (23.60 mA cm−2). The results of the wide‐angle study demonstrate that the novel PSCs have omnidirectional absorption of photons. To elucidate the light‐trapping mechanism of the novel PSCs, the electric and magnetic field distributions of different structural PSCs are analyzed. The physical model the authors establish provides a solid theoretical basis for the research and development of PSCs with ultra‐low surface reflection loss and ultra‐high performance.
Electricity Generation from Phase Transitions between Liquid and Gaseous Water
Authors: Shao Beibei , Song Yuhang , Song Zheheng , Wang Yanan , Wang Yusheng , Liu Ruiyuan , Sun Baoquan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe ubiquitous and spontaneous phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water contain substantial energy that can be harvested by emerging hydrovoltaic technologies, including evaporation‐induced generators (EIGs) and moisture‐induced generators (MIGs). Featuring the virtues of ubiquity, spontaneity, and direct current output, this emerging technology broadens the technical feasibility of harvesting energy from the natural water cycle, enabling self‐powered and sustainable electronics. Elaborated materials synthesis and innovative device design have been proposed to facilitate efficient water energy harvesting. However, some critical challenges in gaining insight into the mechanisms, power improvements, and practical applications are imperative to be overcome for this nascent yet impactful field. Herein, the evolution and advances of EIGs and MIGs are comprehensively summarized. The basic principles of phase transitions between liquid and gaseous water and the mechanisms of power generation are clarified. Then the current materials systems and strategies to further enhance the device performance are reviewed and thoroughly evaluated. The exemplary applications assembled in EIGs and MIGs are also outlined. Finally, the main challenges and future orientations of this burgeoning technology are presented.
Consumer willingness to pay for production attributes of cotton apparel
Authors: Boufous Sawssan , Hudson Darren , Carpio Carlos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate US consumers' willingness to pay for cotton apparel production and country of origin attributes. Using a choice‐based conjoint experiment and information treatments, we examine the preferences of 727 US shoppers for the attributes: cotton fiber production systems and country of manufacture of the cotton fiber. Random utility theory is the basis for the survey's responses analysis to estimate willingness to pay (WTP) values for the attributes. Choices made by consumers are modeled using a mixed logit model in WTP space estimated using simulated maximum likelihood procedures. Results show that consumers are willing to pay more for cotton apparel from the United States than apparel from other countries, and more for apparel made from fiber produced in organic systems than in conventional systems. Only some subgroups of consumers were found to be affected by exposure to an information treatment regarding potential labor exploitation in cotton farms and textile mills. [EconLit Citations: D12].
Temperature‐controlled radiofrequency device treatment of septal swell bodies for nasal airway obstruction: An open‐label, single arm multicenter study
Authors: Pritikin Jordan , Silvers Stacey , Rosenbloom Jeffrey , Davis Bryan , Signore Anthony Del , Sedaghat Ahmad R. , Tajudeen Bobby A. , Schmale Isaac , Lyons Jack , Corey Jacquelynne , Chandra Rakesh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundNasal airway obstruction (NAO) is a highly prevalent disorder. Septal swell body (SSB) hypertrophy is an often overlooked contributor to NAO. SSB treatment may relieve symptoms of NAO. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical use of a temperature‐controlled radiofrequency (TCRF) device to treat SSBs to improve symptoms in adults with NAO.MethodsIn this prospective, multicenter, open‐label, single arm study, patients with severe or extreme NAO related to SSB hypertrophy received bilateral TCRF treatment in the SSB area. The primary endpoint was improvement in Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) Scale scores from baseline to 3 months postprocedure. A subset of study patients underwent computed tomography (CT) imaging to evaluate posttreatment changes in SSB size.ResultsMean NOSE Scale scores significantly improved from 73.5 (SD 14.2) at baseline to 27.9 (SD 17.2) at 3 months postprocedure, a reduction of −45.3 (SD 21.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −50.4 to −40.1; p < 0.0001); the responder rate was 95.7% (95% CI: 0.88 to 0.99; p < 0.0001). CT evaluation at 3 months showed statistically significant reductions in the SSB with the greatest reduction in the middle thickness (mean change −3.4 [SD 1.8] mL, 95% CI: −4.0 to −2.8; p < 0.0001). Minimal adverse events with any relationship to the device or procedure were reported; none were serious in nature and no septal perforations occurred.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that TCRF treatment of SSB hypertrophy is well tolerated and effective at reducing both SSB size and symptoms of NAO at 3 months posttreatment.
Branched Multimeric Peptides as Affinity Reagents for the Detection of α‐Klotho Protein
Authors: Ye Xiyun , Zhang Peiyuan , Wang John C. K. , Smith Corey L. , Sousa Silvino , Loas Andrei , Eaton Dan L. , Preciado López Magdalena , Pentelute Bradley L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstractα‐Klotho, an aging‐related protein found in the kidney, parathyroid gland, and choroid plexus, acts as an essential co‐receptor with the fibroblast growth factor 23 receptor complex to regulate serum phosphate and vitamin D levels. Decreased levels of α‐Klotho are a hallmark of age‐associated diseases. Detecting or labeling α‐Klotho in biological milieu has long been a challenge, however, hampering the understanding of its role. Here, we developed branched peptides by single‐shot parallel automated fast‐flow synthesis that recognize α‐Klotho with improved affinity relative to their monomeric versions. These peptides were further shown to selectively label Klotho for live imaging in kidney cells. Our results demonstrate that automated flow technology enables rapid synthesis of complex peptide architectures, showing promise for future detection of α‐Klotho in physiological settings.
Intramolecular Ynamide–Benzyne (3+2) Cycloadditions
Authors: Tawatari Tsukasa , Kato Ritsuki , Kudo Riku , Takasu Kiyosei , Takikawa Hiroshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report herein intramolecular (3+2) cycloaddition reactions between ynamides as three‐atom components and benzyne. In these intramolecular reactions, the two‐bond formation is realized by exploiting benzyne precursors that contain a chlorosilyl group as a linking functionality. This method thus highlights the ambivalent character of the intermediate indolium ylide, which exhibits both nucleophilic and electrophilic properties at its C2 atom.
Peripherally Heavy‐Atom‐Decorated Strategy Towards High‐Performance Pure Green Electroluminescence with External Quantum Efficiency over 40 %
Authors: Hu Yuxuan , Miao Jingsheng , Zhong Cheng , Zeng Yang , Gong Shaolong , Cao Xiaosong , Zhou Xue , Gu Yu , Yang Chuluo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeavy‐atom integration into thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) molecule could significantly promote the reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process. However, simultaneously achieving high efficiency, small roll‐off, narrowband emission and good operational lifetime remains a big challenge for the corresponding organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, we report a pure green multi‐resonance TADF molecule BN‐STO by introducing a peripheral heavy atom selenium onto the parent BN‐Cz molecule. The organic light‐emitting diode device based on BN‐STO exhibited state‐of‐the‐art performance with a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 40.1 %, power efficiency (PE) of 176.9 lm W−1, well‐suppressed efficiency roll‐off and pure green gamut. This work reveals a feasible strategy to reach a balance between fast RISC process and narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) of MR‐TADF by heavy atom effect.
Science‐Driven Atomistic Machine Learning
Authors: Margraf Johannes T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMachine learning (ML) algorithms are currently emerging as powerful tools in all areas of science. Conventionally, ML is understood as a fundamentally data‐driven endeavour. Unfortunately, large well‐curated databases are sparse in chemistry. In this contribution, I therefore review science‐driven ML approaches which do not rely on “big data”, focusing on the atomistic modelling of materials and molecules. In this context, the term science‐driven refers to approaches that begin with a scientific question and then ask what training data and model design choices are appropriate. As key features of science‐driven ML, the automated and purpose‐driven collection of data and the use of chemical and physical priors to achieve high data‐efficiency are discussed. Furthermore, the importance of appropriate model evaluation and error estimation is emphasized.
A Bayesian approach for subgroup analysis
Authors: Li Nan , Zhu Wensheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeveral penalization approaches have been developed to identify homogeneous subgroups based on a regression model with subject‐specific intercepts in subgroup analysis. These methods often apply concave penalty functions to pairwise comparisons of the intercepts, such that the subjects with similar intercept values are assigned to the same group, which is very similar to the procedure of the penalization approaches for variable selection. Since the Bayesian methods are commonly used in variable selection, it is worth considering the corresponding approaches to subgroup analysis in the Bayesian framework. In this paper, a Bayesian hierarchical model with appropriate prior structures is developed for the pairwise differences of intercepts based on a regression model with subject‐specific intercepts, which can automatically detect and identify homogeneous subgroups. A Gibbs sampling algorithm is also provided to select the hyperparameter and estimate the intercepts and coefficients of the covariates simultaneously, which is computationally efficient for pairwise comparisons compared to the time‐consuming procedures for parameter estimation of the penalization methods (e.g., alternating direction method of multiplier) in the case of large sample sizes. The effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed Bayesian method are evaluated through simulation studies and analysis of a Cleveland Heart Disease Dataset.
Role of fresh start mindset framing in reducing stigma and promoting mental health help‐seeking behavior
Authors: Lee Yoon‐Joo , Yoon Hye Jin , Joo Jinho 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne challenge in promoting mental health help‐seeking behaviors is the masculine norm ingrained in the U.S. Using experimental data, this article examines how fresh start mindset (FSM) framing can be effective in helping reduce the stigma associated with mental health help‐seeking behaviors and increase the promotion of positive attitudes and word‐of‐mouth of the mental health messages among men (vs. women). This study uniquely reveals that FSM framing in mental health ad campaigns might help men switch from the mindset that mental health help‐seeking behaviors equate to showing weakness to one of help‐seeking behaviors as a fresh start. Further, this study demonstrates that males with high issue involvement levels and females with low issue involvement levels respond to FSM framing more favorably. Thus, issue involvement levels form the critical boundary conditions. The authors also reveal that attitudes toward the ads operate as an underlying mechanism in FSM framing effects on responses.
Selective Construction of Molecular Borromean Rings and [2]Catenane Utilizing Ether Bipyridyl Ligands
Authors: Yi Xin , Zhang Hai‐Ning , Lin Yue‐Jian , Jin Guo‐Xin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA series of Cp*Rh‐based discrete architectures was constructed by selecting four ether bipyridyl ligands and three half‐sandwich rhodium(III) bimetallic construction units, respectively. This study demonstrates a strategy for making the transition from a binuclear D‐shaped ring to a tetranuclear [2]catenane by adjusting the length of bipyridyl ligands. In addition, changing the position on the naphthyl group of the bipyridyl ligand from 2,6‐ to 1,5‐position substitution can realize the selective synthesis of [2]catenane and Borromean rings under similar conditions. The above‐mentioned constructions have been determined via X‐ray crystallographic analysis, detailed NMR techniques, electrospray ionization‐time‐of‐flight/mass spectrometry analysis, and elemental analysis.
Searching and Navigating UniProt Databases
Authors: Lussi Yvonne C. , Magrane Michele , Martin Maria J. , Orchard Sandra ,   The UniProt Consortium
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Universal Protein Resource (UniProt) is a comprehensive resource for protein sequence and annotation data. The UniProt website receives about 800,000 unique visitors per month and is the primary means to access UniProt. It provides 10 searchable datasets and four main tools. The key UniProt datasets are the UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB), the UniProt Reference Clusters (UniRef), the UniProt Archive (UniParc), and protein sets for completely sequenced genomes (Proteomes). Other supporting datasets include information about proteins that is present in UniProtKB protein entries, such as literature citations, taxonomy, and subcellular locations, among others. This article focuses on how to use UniProt datasets. The first basic protocol describes navigation and searching mechanisms for the UniProt datasets, and two additional protocols build on the first protocol to describe advanced search and query building. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Searching UniProt datasetsBasic Protocol 2: Advanced search and query buildingBasis Protocol 3: Adding parameters using advanced search