bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating associations of omega-3 fatty acids, lung function decline, and airway obstruction
Authors: Patchen Bonnie K. , Balte Palavi , Bartz Traci M. , Barr R. Graham , Fornage Myriam , Graff Mariaelisa , Jacobs David R , Kalhan Ravi , Lemaitre Rozenn N. , O’Connor George , Psaty Bruce , Seo Jungkyun , Tsai Michael Y. , Wood Alexis C. , Xu Hanfei , Zhang Jingwen , Gharib Sina A. , Manichaikul Ani , North Kari , Steffen Lyn M. , Dupuis Josée , Oelsner Elizabeth , Hancock Dana B. , Cassano Patricia A. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTRationaleInflammation contributes to lung function decline and the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and may benefit lung health.ObjectivesInvestigate associations of omega-3 fatty acids with lung function decline and incident airway obstruction in adults of diverse races/ethnicities from general population cohorts.MethodsComplementary study designs: (1) longitudinal study of plasma phospholipid omega-3 fatty acids and repeated FEV1and FVC measures in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Pooled Cohorts Study, and (2) two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study of genetically predicted omega-3 fatty acids and lung function parameters.Measurements and Main ResultsThe longitudinal study found that higher omega-3 fatty acid concentrations were associated with attenuated lung function decline in 15,063 participants, with the largest effect sizes for docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). One standard deviation higher DHA was associated with an attenuation of 1.8 mL/year for FEV1(95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3–2.2) and 2.4 mL/year for FVC (95% CI 1.9–3.0). One standard deviation higher DHA was also associated with a 9% lower incidence of spirometry-defined airway obstruction (95% CI 0.86–0.97). DHA associations persisted across sexes, smoking histories, and Black, white and Hispanic participants, with the largest magnitude associations in former smokers and Hispanics. The MR study showed positive associations of genetically predicted omega-3 fatty acids with FEV1and FVC, with statistically significant findings across multiple MR methods.ConclusionsThe longitudinal and MR studies provide evidence supporting beneficial effects of higher circulating omega-3 fatty acids, especially DHA, on lung health.
Suicide deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, by region, March 1, 2020-June 30, 2022
Authors: Faust Jeremy Samuel , Renton Benjamin , Du Chengan , Shah Sejal B. , Chen Alexander Junxiang , Li Shu-Xia , Krumholz Harlan M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThere were concerns that suicide deaths might increase due to Covid-19 pandemic-related stressors. Previous research demonstrated that suicide deaths actually decreased in 2020 in the US. An update covering 2021-2022 with regional data is warranted.MethodsObservational cohort, US and regional data. Expected monthly deaths were modeled using pre-pandemic US and regional data (2015-2020). Mortality data was accessed from CDC public reporting.ResultsWe find that suicide deaths in the United States were below expected levels throughout the pandemic period (March 1, 2020-June 30,2022) with >4,100 fewer suicide deaths than would have been expected to occur during the study period. Stratifying suicide mortality by US Census Bureau region yielded statistically significant decreases from expected suicide deaths in all regions except the Midwest, (which recorded no significant change in suicide deaths during the overall pandemic period).ConclusionSuicide mortality is down in the US since the pandemic began, through June 30, 2022. Possible explanations include an early “coming together” effect; Later, increased access to mental health resources and a greater focus on mental health in the media may have reduced stigma and barriers in seeking necessary psychiatric care.
Biomarkers’ performance in the SEPSIS-3 era
Authors: de la Fuente Amanda , López-Sánchez Jaime , Vaquero-Roncero Luis Mario , Merino García María , Sánchez Barrado María Elisa , Sánchez-Hernández Miguel Vicente , Rico-Feijoo Jesús , Muñoz-Bellvís Luis , de Castro Rafael González , Tedim Ana P. , Ortega Alicia , Fernández Omar Abdel-lah , Suárez-de-la-Rica Alejandro , Maseda Emilio , González Ignacio Trejo , García Carrera Geovanna Liszeth , Marcos-Vidal José Miguel , Nieto Arranz Juan Manuel , Esteban-Velasco Carmen , Aldecoa César , Bermejo-Martin Jesús F 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivethe biomarkers’ performance for diagnosis and severity stratification of sepsis has not been properly evaluated anew using the SEPSIS-3 criteria introduced in 2016. We evaluated the accuracy of 21 biomarkers classically tested in sepsis research to identify infection, sepsis, and septic shock in surgical patients classified using SEPSIS-3.Methodsfour groups of adult surgical patients were compared: post-surgical patients with no infection, patients with infection but no sepsis, patients with sepsis, and patients with septic shock were recruited prospectively from the surgery departments and surgical ICUs from four Spanish hospital. The area under the curve (AUC) to differentiate between groups was calculated for each biomarker.ResultsA total of 187 patients were recruited (50 uninfected post-surgery controls, 50 patients with infection, 47 with sepsis and 40 with septic shock). The AUCs indicated that none of the biomarkers tested was accurate enough to differentiate those patients with infection from the uninfected controls. In contrast, procalcitonin, lipocalin 2, pentraxin 3, IL-15, TNF-α, IL-6, angiopoietin 2, TREM-1, D-dimer and C-reactive protein yielded AUCs > 0.80 to discriminate the patients with sepsis or septic shock from those with no infection. C-reactive protein and IL-6 were the most accurate markers to differentiate plain infection from sepsis (AUC = 0.82). Finally, our results revealed that sepsis and septic shock shared similar profiles of biomarkers.ConclusionRevaluation in the “SEPSIS-3 era” identified the scenarios where biomarkers do and do not provide useful information to improve the management of surgical patients with infection or sepsis.
Understanding how a digital mental health intervention can be optimised to ensure effectiveness in the longer-term: findings from a causal mediation analyses of the CONEMO trials
Authors: Seward Nadine , Loh Wen Wei , Miranda J. Jaime , Diez-Canseco Francisco , Claro Heloisa Garcia , Menezes Paulo Rossi , de Almeida Lopes Fernandes Ivan Filipe , Araya Ricardo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundTwo CONEMO trials in Lima, Peru and São Paulo, Brazil evaluated a digital mental health intervention (DMHI) based on behavioural activation (BA) that demonstrated improvements in symptoms of depression between trial arms at three-months, but not at six-months. To understand how we can optimize CONEMO in the longer-term, we therefore aim to investigate mediators through which the DMHI improved symptoms of depression at six-months, separately for the two trials and then using a pooled dataset.MethodsWe used data that included adults with depression (Patient Health Questionnaire – 9 (PHQ-9) score ≥10) and comorbid hypertension and/or diabetes. Interventional effects were used to decompose the total effect of DMHI on symptoms of depression at six months into indirect effects via: understanding the content of the sessions without difficulty; number of activities completed that were self-selected to improve levels of BA; and levels of activation measured using the Behavioural Activation for Depression Short Form (BADS-SF).FindingsUsing the pooled dataset, understanding the content of the sessions without difficulty mediated a 10% [0.10: 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.15] improvement in PHQ-9 scores at six months; completing self-selected activities mediated a 12% improvement [0.12: 0.01 to 0.23]; and, lastly, BA mediated a 2% [0.02: 0.01, 0.05] improvement.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that targeting participants to complete activities they find enjoyable will help to improve levels of activation and maintain the effect of the CONEMO intervention in the longer-term. Improving the content of the sessions to facilitate understanding can also help to maintain improvements.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with Vitamin D supplementation: A cross-sectional online community survey of adults in the UK
Authors: Tanna Nuttan , Karki Manisha , Webber Iman , Alaa Aos , El-Osta Austen , Blair Mitch 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveAssess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAPs) of a diverse population. Identify barriers and facilitators that inform routine vitamin D supplementation and self-care in the community setting.DesignCross-sectional online voluntary survey. Electronic survey link published on college Qualtrics platform and advertised widely. Study information provided with Participant Information Sheet.Setting and Participants556 community dwelling adults across the UK.MethodsThe overarching study included two phases, incorporating quantitative and qualitative methodologies. This paper reports findings from the first phase of the FABCOM-D (Facilitators and Barriers to Community (Healthy) Vitamin D status) study. Online survey questions were iteratively developed after background literature searches and piloted to ensure clarity and ease of understanding. Survey responses summarised using frequencies and percentages, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression models explored for any association. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys guided reporting. Statistical analysis performed using IBM SPSS software.Main outcome measuresAwareness of vitamin D information sources, health benefits and testing. Attitudes to supplementation, sun exposure and fortification.ResultsThree quarters of the community had some awareness of vitamin D and around half were taking supplements. The two most trusted sources of information included health professionals and the NHS website. Participants were willing to pay for supplements, supporting a self-care agenda. With increasing age, there was significant reduced intake of vitamin D supplements. This aspect needs to be explored further as this could be a concern in deficiency status in the elderly. There was acceptance of food fortification but uncertainty on how to balance food intake with supplementationConclusionWe were successful in eliciting views on KAPs around vitamin D from a community population including a large proportion of Black and Minority Ethnic individuals. The community wanted information and guidance to help manage individual vitamin D status, especially for high-risk groups, and on balancing supplementation, food fortification and sun exposure.
Impact of statin withdrawal on perceived and objective muscle function
Authors: Peyrel Paul , Mauriège Pascale , Frenette Jérôme , Laflamme Nathalie , Greffard Karine , Dufresne Sébastien S. , Huth Claire , Bergeron Jean , Joanisse Denis R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsStatin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) are frequently reported. Nevertheless, few data on objective measures of muscle function are available. Recent data suggesting an important nocebo effect with statin use could confound such effects. The objective was to assess if subjective and objective measures of muscle function improve after drug withdrawal in SAMS reporters.MethodsPatients (59 men, 33 women, 50.3±9.6 yrs.) in primary cardiovascular prevention composed three cohorts: statin users with (SAMS, n=61) or without symptoms (No SAMS, n=15), and controls (n=16). Force (FO), endurance (EN) and power (PO) of the leg extensors (EXT) and flexors (FLE) and handgrip strength (FOHG) were measured using isokinetic and handheld dynamometers, respectively. A 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to self-assess SAMS intensity. Measures were taken before and after two months of withdrawal.ResultsFollowing withdrawal, repeated-measures analyses show improvements for the entire cohort in ENEXT, ENFLE, FOFLE, POEXT and POFLE (range +7.2 to +13.3%, all p≤0.02). Post-hoc analyses show these changes to occur notably in SAMS (+8.8 to +16.6%), concurrent with a decrease in subjective perception of effects in SAMS (VAS, from 5.09 to 1.85). FOHG was also improved in SAMS (+4.0 to +6.2%) when compared to No SAMS (−1.7 to -4.2%) (all p=0.02).ConclusionsWhether suffering from “true” SAMS or nocebo, those who reported SAMS had modest but relevant improvements in muscle function concurrent with a decrease in subjective symptoms intensity after drug withdrawal. Greater attention by clinicians to muscle function in frail statin users appears warranted.
Information Sharing through Digital Service Agreement
Authors: Elvas Luis B , Helgheim Berit , Ferreira João CA 
Published: January 2023

AbstractData sharing and services reuse in the health sector is a significant problem due to privacy, and security issues. The European Commission has classified health data as a unique resource owing to the ability to do both prospective and retrospective research at a low cost. Similarly, the OECD encourages member nations to create and implement health data governance systems that protect individual privacy while allowing data sharing. This paper aimed to describe a conceptual framework to allow medical information sharing among health entities in a secure environment. A framework of shared Artificial Intelligent services is proposed to provide a safe environment for information sharing based on digital services agreements (DSA) and a shared services infrastructure for artificial intelligence (AI) and knowledge creation: From the collaborative platform with privacy, health data can be shared, and shared analytics services will allow an easy and fast application of AI algorithms. The framework allows data prosumers (producers/consumers) to easily express their preferences on sharing their data, which analytics operations can be performed on such data, and by whom the resulting data can be shared, among other relevant aspects. This entails a framework that combines several technologies for expressing and enforcing data-sharing agreements and technologies to perform data analytics operations compliant. Among these technologies, we can mention data-centric policy enforcement mechanisms and data analysis operations directly performed on encrypted data provided by multiple prosumers. The framework is mainly based on an Information Sharing Infrastructure (ISI) and an Information Analysis Infrastructure (IAI) that can be deployed in several ways and on several devices (from cloud to mobile devices).
Telehealth-supported exercise/physical activity programs for knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xiang Xiao-Na , Wang Ze-Zhang , Zhang Jiang-yin , Li Ke , Chen Qi-Xu , Xu Fa-Shu , Zhang Yue-Wen , He Hong-Chen , He Cheng-Qi , Zhu Si-Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTelehealth-supported program has been increasingly integrated into chronic disease management, but it is unknown if this benefit applies to populations with knee osteoarthritis. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of telehealth-supported exercise/physical activity programs in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in September 2022 on randomized controlled trials investigating the effects compared to a control condition. Twenty-three studies met eligibility criteria, of which 20 studies included in meta-analysis. Telehealth-supported exercise/physical activity programs resulted in reduced pain (g = −0.39, CI −0.67 to −0.11, I2= 83%), better physical activity (g = 0.13, CI 0.03 to 0.23, I2= 0%) and better physical function (g = −0.51, CI −0.98 to −0.05, I2= 87%). In addition, better improvements in quality of life, self-efficacy for pain, and global improvement were observed, but with non-significant improvements for self-efficacy for physical function. These findings suggested that telehealth-supported exercise/physical activity program might be an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis. Future research with standardized components and wearables should evaluate the effects.
Evaluating pregnant women’s selenium intake through dietary assessment in Accra, Ghana: a feasibility study
Authors: Amuquandoh Amy , Aluko Marie , Ebenezer Ofori-Attah , Egbi Godfred , Adu-Bonsaffoh Kwame 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveDietary selenium (Se) deficiency is associated adverse pregnancy outcomes. We sought to determine the feasibility of: (1) assessing dietary Se consumption via administration of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH) in Accra, Ghana and (2) quantifying total Se intake.MethodsIn this prospective observational cohort study, participants were recruited via purposive sampling and face-to-face data collection was undertaken using structured FFQs. English-speaking pregnant women who were ≥ 18 years old were eligible to participate. Questions of feasibility were assessed and the average total Se intake in the population was analyzed.ResultsOne hundred study participants met the inclusion criteria out of 117 eligible. It was feasible to administer the surveys in the clinic waiting room. The average total Se intake in this population of pregnant women was 90.4 μg/day ±50.0 μg, which is higher than the National Institute of Health recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of 60μg/day for pregnant women.ConclusionFFQ assessment of Se consumption and resource evaluation were deemed feasible in the KBTH setting. Participants reported an average Se intake above the RDA. Future studies can examine the influence of Se intake on pregnancy outcomes.
Extensive characterization of a Williams Syndrome murine model showsGtf2ird1-mediated rescue of select sensorimotor tasks, but no effect on enhanced social behavior
Authors: Nygaard Kayla R. , Maloney Susan E. , Swift Raylynn G. , McCullough Katherine B. , Wagner Rachael E. , Fass Stuart B. , Garbett Krassimira , Mirnics Karoly , Veenstra-VanderWeele Jeremy , Dougherty Joseph D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWilliams Syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder exhibiting cognitive and behavioral abnormalities, including increased social motivation, risk of anxiety and specific phobias along with perturbed motor function. Williams Syndrome is caused by a microdeletion of 26-28 genes on chromosome 7, includingGTF2IRD1, which encodes a transcription factor suggested to play a role in the behavioral profile of Williams Syndrome. Duplications of the full region also lead to frequent autism diagnosis, social phobias, and language delay. Thus, genes in the region appear to regulate social motivation in a dose-sensitive manner. A ‘Complete Deletion’ mouse, heterozygously eliminating the syntenic Williams Syndrome region, has been deeply characterized for cardiac phenotypes, but direct measures of social motivation have not been assessed. Furthermore, the role ofGtf2ird1in these behaviors has not been addressed in a relevant genetic context. Here, we have generated a mouse overexpressingGtf2ird1, which can be used both to model duplication of this gene alone and to rescueGtf2ird1expression in the Complete Deletion mice. Using a comprehensive behavioral pipeline and direct measures of social motivation, we provide evidence that the Williams Syndrome Critical Region regulates social motivation along with motor and anxiety phenotypes, but thatGtf2ird1complementation is not sufficient to rescue most of these traits, and duplication does not decrease social motivation. However,Gtf2ird1complementation does rescue light-aversive behavior and performance on select sensorimotor tasks, perhaps indicating a role for this gene in sensory processing or integration.
Ciliopathy-associated missense mutations in IFT140 are hypomorphic and have edgetic effects on protein interaction networks
Authors: Leonhard Tobias , Diwan Gaurav D. , Klose Franziska , Stehle Isabel F. , Junger Katrin , Seda Marian , Bolz Sylvia , Woerz Franziska , Russell Robert B. , Boldt Karsten , Jenkins Dagan , Ueffing Marius , Beyer Tina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe mechanisms underlying recessive Mendelian diseases and the interplay between genotype and phenotype still need to be better understood. It is therefore necessary to characterise the functional effects of missense mutations at the protein level. Here we focus on missense mutations in the intraflagellar transport protein IFT140, which forms part of the IFT complex A (IFT-A), a crucial component of the ciliary machinery. Mutations in IFT140 can cause a vast spectrum of diseases belonging to the group of ciliopathies, reaching from isolated retinal dystrophy to severe skeletal abnormalities and multi-organ diseases such as Mainzer-Saldino and Jeune syndrome. We hypothesise that missense mutations in IFT140 are hypomorphic leading to quantitative effects on a subset of protein-protein interactions. This may affect complex stability as well as perturbations of protein interaction networks. In this work we assessed how 24 missense mutations in IFT140 affect interactions with other IFT and effector proteins using affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry. Our data reveals that several mutations in IFT140 are hypomorphic and disrupt the stability of the IFT-A complex to varying degrees in a quantitative way. Allelic combination and the degree of IFT-A complex disruption in analysed missense mutations correlates with the severity of the observed phenotype in a subset of patients. In addition, we show that a distinct subset of mutations in IFT140 shows edgetic effects by disrupting specific PPIs rather than causing a total loss of IFT-A binding. This is the case e.g. with the disease-associated protein TULP3 which is involved in cilia-dependent sonic hedgehog signalling.
Preserved functional organization of human auditory cortex in individuals missing one temporal lobe from infancy
Authors: Regev Tamar I , Lipkin Benjamin , Boebinger Dana , Paunov Alexander , Kean Hope , Norman-Haignere Sam , Fedorenko Evelina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHuman cortical responses to natural sounds, measured with fMRI, can be approximated as the weighted sum of a small number of canonical response patterns (components), each having interpretable functional and anatomical properties. Here, we asked whether this organization is preserved in cases where only one temporal lobe is available due to early brain damage by investigating a unique family: one sibling born without a left temporal lobe, another without a right temporal lobe, and a third anatomically neurotypical. We analyzed fMRI responses to diverse natural sounds within the intact hemispheres of these individuals and compared them to 12 neurotypical participants. All siblings manifested the neurotypical auditory responses in their intact hemispheres. These results suggest that the development of the auditory cortex in each hemisphere does not depend on the existence of the other hemisphere, highlighting the redundancy and equipotentiality of the bilateral auditory system.