bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Educational Program of Doctor of Medicine (MD - Radiology) and Diploma in Medical Radio-Diagnosis in Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, A Constituent Unit of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha
Authors: Mishra Gaurav Vedprakash , Dhok Archana , Singh Rohan Kumar , Patwa Prerna Anup 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Evaluation is a systematic determination of a subject’s merit, worth, and significance, using criteria governed by a set of standards. It can assist an organization, program, project, or any other intervention or initiative to assess any aim, reliable concept/proposal, or any alternative, to help in decision-making; or to ascertain the degree of achievement or value in regard to the aim and objectives and results of any such action that has been completed.

Materials and Methods:
In a sample of 30 with a break up of 19 learners and 11 faculty, a standard curriculum questionnaire (Annexure-II) for ascertaining the “Relevance, Efficiency, Effectiveness, Impact and Sustainability” vide Danish International Development Agency guidelines generated by Development Assessment Committee of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development the educational process in MD Radiodiagnosis and Diploma in Medical Radiodiagnosis (DMRD) educational program was given to the participating learners and members of the teaching staff to evaluate the “process” of the said educational programs. The participants will be divided into three groups, namely Group-1 (Neutral Opinion), Group-2 (Agreeing and Strongly Agreeing Opinion) and Group-3 (Disagreeing and Strongly Disagreeing opinion). Further, the participants will be required to rate their satisfaction level on a rating scale of 10.

Results:
Response evaluation of MD Radiodiagnosis group showed significantly higher level of satisfaction in terms of relevance, effectiveness, and efficiency of the curriculum. Response evaluation of DMRD group showed similar results. In comparison of both groups, the level of satisfaction with respect to MD Radiodiagnosis program quantitatively was greater as compared to DMRD program.

Conclusion:
The evaluation and the obtained results therein were with reference to “process” of the academic program namely MD Radiodiagnosis and DMRD respectively. The evaluation of “product” part could not be included in the study.
Antibiotic Treatment Duration for Bloodstream Infections in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Fahad Buskandar , Abdulrahman Al-Fares , Nick Daneman , Robert Fowler 
Published: June 2023

Context:
Antibiotic treatment duration for bloodstream infections (BSIs) is an area of controversy and uncertainty.

Aims:
Our objective was to assess antibiotic treatment duration practices for critically ill patients with BSIs in Kuwait.

Subjects and Methods:
A survey consisting of clinical scenarios followed by questions about recommended antibiotic treatment duration for each scenario was sent to Kuwaiti infectious diseases, critical care specialists, and anesthetists with critical care experience.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive analysis (medians and interquartile ranges) and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The survey response rate was 68% (112/164). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) ranges for antibiotic duration recommendations were similar for each bacteremic syndrome: central line-associated BSIs, 10 days (7–14); pneumonia, 10 days (7–14); urinary tract infection, 10 days (7–14); intra-abdominal infection, 10 days (7–14); and skin and soft-tissue infection, 10 days (7–14). The median (IQR) antibiotic durations for the following bacteria were as follows: Staphylococcus aureus, 14 days (10–14); extended-spectrum beta-lactamase Escherichia coli, 10 days (7–14); multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 14 days (10–14); MDR Acinetobacter baumannii, 14 days (10–14); vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis, 14 days (10–14); carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, 14 days (10–14); and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, 7 days (7–10). For all infectious syndromes and individual organisms, duration responses often followed discrete choices of 5, 7, 10, and 14 days. Prolonging antibiotic therapy for immunocompromised patients was favored among 70% of respondents.

Conclusions:
This survey demonstrates practice variation in treating BSIs and supports the need for adequately powered randomized controlled trials assessing optimal antibiotic duration for various bacteremic syndromes, pathogens, and resistance patterns.
Effects of Different Regimens of Sedation on Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Authors: Badr Usama , El-Din Fouad Rida Hossam , Elmorsy Amr Abdallah 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Up to one-third of intensive care unit (ICU) patients worldwide undergo mechanical ventilation. These patients frequently require analgesics and sedatives-potent medications with clear benefits and significant side effects.

Objective:
The current study intended to assess the effects of application of different regimens of sedation on mechanically ventilated patients regarding the length of ventilator days, length of hospital stay, multiple organ dysfunctions, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and mortality.

Methods:
One hundred adult patients who are intubated for any cause and attached to mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h will be included in this study. Drugs used for sedation were propofol and midazolam. Patients underwent history taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, chest X-ray, and electrocardiogram on admission.

Results:
At the end of this study, it was found that there was a significant increase in the sedation holiday group (Group II) over the no sedation group (Group I) regarding multiple organ dysfunction score, VAP, ventilator days, ICU stay, and hospital stay but there was no significant difference between both groups regarding mortality, spontaneous breathing trials, Glasgow Coma Scale, and complete blood count.

Conclusions:
Our results demonstrate that the use of sedatives can cause prolongation in the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the ICU, and total length of hospital stay. In addition, there is an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. It is possible to use a strategy of no sedation for critically ill patients undergoing mechanical ventilation without fears of failure.
Sociodemographics, Clinical Factors, and Biological Factors Associated with Loiasis in Endemic Onchocerciasis Areas in Southern Gabon
Authors: Moutongo Mouandza Reinne , Mourou Jean Romain , Moutombi Ditombi Bridy , Roger Sibi Matotou Hadry , Ekomi Bernadette , Bouyou-Akotet Marielle Karine , Mawili-Mboumba Denise Patricia 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT.
To implement the appropriate strategies for scale-up interventions to eliminate onchocerciasis without severe adverse events, clinical and biological factors associated with loiasis were analyzed in onchocerciasis-endemic areas. Blood was collected from volunteers after examination by a physician. Detection of microfilariae and measurement of Ov16 IgG4 were performed using direct microscopic examination of blood and onchocerciasis rapid test detection, respectively. Areas with sporadic, hypoendemic, and hyperendemic onchocerciasis endemicity were found. Participants with microfilaremia were considered microfilaremic, and those without microfilaremia were seen as amicrofilaremic. Of the 471 study participants, 40.5% (n = 191) had microfilariae. Among them, Mansonella spp. was the most common (78.2%, n = 147), followed by Loa loa (41.4%, n = 79). The association between the two species represented 18.3% (n = 35). The specific immunoglobulins of Onchocerca volvulus were detected in 24.2% of participants (n = 87/359). Overall prevalence of L. loa was 16.8%. Hypermicrofilaremia was found in 3% (N = 14), and one participant had more than 30,000 microfilaremiae per milliliter. The frequency of L. loa did not vary according to the level of onchocerciasis transmission. Pruritus was the most common clinical sign (60.5%, n = 285) reported, mainly in microfilaremic participants (72.2%, n = 138/191). The prevalence of L. loa microfilaria in the study population was below the threshold at risk for the occurrence of serious side effects due to ivermectin. Clinical manifestations frequently observed could be exacerbated by microfilaremia in areas where onchocerciasis transmission is high.
Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Mycobacterium leprae DNA in Tissue Specimens from Patients with Leprosy
Authors: Sarath Indukumari M. , Joseph Noyal Mariya , Jamir Imola 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT.
In leprosy, early diagnosis is crucial to prevent transmission and onset of disabilities of the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine usefulness of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in clinically diagnosed cases of leprosy. Thirty-two leprosy cases were included. The real-time PCR was performed using commercial kit targeting Mycobacterium leprae–specific insertion sequence element. The slit skin smear was positive in two (22.2%) borderline tuberculoid (BT) patients, five (83.3%) borderline lepromatous (BL) patients, and seven (50%) lepromatous leprosy (LL). The positivity of quantitative real-time PCR in BT, BL, LL, and pure neuritic leprosy were 77.8%, 83.3%, 100%, and 33.3%, respectively. Using histopathology as the gold standard, sensitivity of quantitative real-time PCR was 93.1%, and specificity was 100%. The DNA load was higher in LL (3,854.29/106 cells), followed by BL (140.37/106 cells), and BT (2.69/106 cells). Because of the high sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR, our study strongly suggests the use of real-time PCR as a diagnostic tool for leprosy.
Institutional Quality, Employment, Trade Openness on Environment (Co2) Nexus From Top Co2 Producing Countries; Panel ARDL Approach
Authors: Tabassum Naveela , Rahman Saif Ur , Zafar Mahwish , Ghaffar Muniba 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to examine the impact of Institutional quality, Employment, and trade openness on the environment (CO2 emission in metric tonnes) for the period between 2002 and 2021, using data from the top ten CO2-producing nations (China, United States, India, Russia, Japan, Germany, Iran, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, and Indonesia). We employ the panel-based Auto Regressive Distributive Lags (ARDL) model that includes a unit root test to examine the stationarity properties of the data. The findings shows that the Employment and Trade openness are at level of first difference and other Institutional Quality was on level which shows the mixed stream results. The long run equation regressors indicated that the environment (CO2) has been affected due to all other predictors trade openness, employment labor and institutional quality. After finding substantial cointegration, the long-term and short-term ARDL coefficients for the models are estimated. The model has negative and statistically significant lagged Error Correction Term indicating an extremely stable long-run link between attributes. In long run & short run the panel ARDL results shows that Institutional Quality has the significant impact on CO2 emissions as and when institutional quality improves CO2 emission diminishes and the other variables Employment and Trade openness has significant impact on CO2 environment. The results are more important for policy makers in setting up policies to protect environment.
Federated-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning (Fed-DRL) for Energy Management in a Distributive Wireless Network
Authors: Agbesi Victor Kwaku , Kuadey Noble Arden , Agbesi Collinson Colin M. , Maale Gerald Tietaa 
Published: June 2023

Studies on developing future generation wireless systems are expected to support increased infrastructure development and device subscriptions with densely deployed base stations (BSs). Economically, decreasing BS energy consumption levels and achieving "greenness" remain key factors for the giant industry. Some research works have proposed deep reinforcement techniques to solve energy management (EM) issues in cellular networks. However, these techniques are inefficient in a distributive network environment and expose the devices to privacy issues. Federated learning (FL) is proven to enforce device privacy and train models distributively. Thus, this work proposes an autonomous switching mode framework for BSs based on federated-deep reinforcement learning (Fed-DRL) to address the aforementioned challenges encountered by prior studies. Specifically, we deploy multiple DRL agents to influence the decision of the BS for EM. On the other hand, to make DRL-based decisions feasible and satisfy device quality-of-service, we train the DRL agents distributively by employing the FL concept. The results show the effectiveness of our proposed framework under distributed network scenarios compared with other benchmark algorithms.

Received: 25 April 2023 | Revised: 14 June 2023 | Accepted: 19 June 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Ebu Said Bahadır Han Döneminde (1317-1335) İlhanlı Devleti'ni Sarsan Bir İç İsyan: Moğol Emirlerinin İsyanı (1319)
Authors: ÖZEN Firdevs 
Published: June 2023

İlhanlı Devleti tahtına çocuk yaşta çıkan Ebû Saˊîd’in ilk yıllarında yönetimle ilgili tüm işler Emîrü’l-ümerâ Çoban’ın yetkisindeydi. Bu durum zamanla kıdemli Moğol emîrlerini rahatsız etmeye başladı. Liderliğini Emîr Kurmuşı ve Emîr İrincin’in yaptığı muhalif emîrler, Emîr Çoban’ı ortadan kaldırma görünüşü altında İlhanlı Devleti’ni ele geçirmek için isyan ettiler (1319). İsyanın şekil değiştirip devleti hedef alması karşısında Ebû Saˊîd, Çoban ile birlik olma yolunu seçti. Moğol emîrleri ile İlhanlı ordusu arasında yapılan savaşta emîrler yenilgiye uğratıldı. Emîr Çoban, isyandan daha da güçlenerek çıktı ve devlette tek otorite haline geldi. Ölümüne kadar Moğol askerî aristokrasisini kontrol altında tutarak devlet için tehdit oluşturmasına engel oldu.
Çalışmamızda, İlhanlı Devleti’nin son döneminin en önemli iç karışıklıklarından biri olan Moğol emîrlerinin isyanı ele alınmıştır. İsyanın gelişim süreci ve muhaliflerin yenilgiye uğratılmaları dönemin kaynakları ve araştırma eserlerden yararlanılarak incelenmiştir.
Forgotten Encounters: The Legacy of Sculptresses and Female Muses
Authors: Engel Laura 
Published: June 2023

Sculpture as a medium is inherently connected to legacy making. In producing three- dimensional monuments designed to withstand the test of time, women artists provided evidence of the lasting quality and permanence of their creative acts. This article examines the actress, sculptress and novelist Anne Damer’s sculpture of the famous actress turned Countess Eliza Farren (c. 1788), paying particular attention to the relationship between sculpture as a static art form that captures tactile embodied presence and the ephemerality of performance. Farren’s involvement in Damer’s staging of the private theatricals at Richmond House (Farren directed and Damer starred) suggests that their collaborative relationship engendered aesthetic acts across media – performances that are now lost but remain in traces across a variety of material.
Similarly, in the mid nineteenth century the American artist Harriet Hosmer’s spectacular sculptures of female figures were inspired in part by her intimate relationship with the famous actress Charlotte Cushman. Cushman’s dynamic performances of Lady Macbeth parallel Hosmer’s powerful controversial sculpture of Zenobia as a warrior Queen (1859). Looking ahead to the early twentieth century, I propose that Malvina Hoffman’s uncanny portrait busts of the ballet dancer Anna Pavlova (particularly her “Head of Pavlova” made of wax, 1924), similarly recreate a unique dynamic between the female artist and the intangible performances of her female muse. Drawing connections between Damer, Hosmer, and Hoffman, across time and media, allows us to re-imagine the relationship between artistic forms, materials, and aesthetic practices. Women’s artistic and theatrical legacies, I suggest, are not found only in tangible sources, but also by recuperating networks, connections, and collaborations through interdisciplinary practices. In doing so we create new legacies that chart the extraordinary accomplishments of women of the past.
Reviewing the Situation
Authors: Snelson John 
Published: June 2023

The British musical in its formative years has appeared in strikingly different guises: from the lasting hits of Oliver!, and Me and My Girl, to the successes of The Dancing Years, Bless the Bride and Expresso Bongo.
This authoritative study traces what made these shows successes in the West End and how their qualities define a uniquely British interpretation of the genre. Cultural, sociological and political influences entwine with close reading of the dramatic and musical elements of this repertory to reveal a fascinating web of connections and contrasts between the times, the shows and the people who made them.
Through detailed case studies, such as of The Boy Friend and Bitter Sweet, the rich individuality of each West End work is spotlighted, posing vital questions and intriguing answers as to what a British musical can be. Interdisciplinary in nature, this study brings together all the core materials to discover this period in the story of the British musical. Reviewing the Situation is insightful and lively, an invaluable resource for students and scholars of musical theatre and all those theatregoers drawn to the power of these classic British shows.
Performing the Queer Past
Authors: Walsh Fintan 
Published: June 2023

Why do contemporary queer theatre and performance appear to be possessed by the past? What aesthetic practices and dramaturgical devices reveal the occupation of the present by painful history? How might the experience of theatre and performance dispossess the present of its most arduous burdens?
In light of a swathe of legislation and initiatives that suggest the darkest days for LGBTQ+ people are over, Fintan Walsh turns our attention to artists who invoke history’s enduring hurts. The book draws on an eclectic range of examples that includes work by Artangel, Cassils, David Hoyle, Dickie Beau, Franko B, Jeremy O. Harris, Karen Finley, les ballets C de la B, McDermott & McGough, Milo Rau, Rachel Mars, Split Britches and Travis Alabanza. Through these, it traces how the past is summoned and interrogated via strategies of channelling and haunting, working through and working out, recollection and replay, reproduction and transformation, occupation and commemoration, intermedial recontextualization and dissemination. Walsh explores how this theatre and performance compels us to confront how the past weighs down a wishfully buoyant present, while calling on those of us who feel its force to share and lighten the load.
Roman Ingarden’s Aesthetics and Ontology
Authors: Sosnowski Leszek , Michna Natalia Anna 
Published: June 2023

This volume explores the work of Polish phenomenologist Roman Ingarden (1893-1970) with respect to his ontology, epistemology and aesthetics. An outstanding student of Edmund Husserl, it offers a unique tribute to one of the most important figures in contemporary philosophy.
Leszek Sosnowski and Natalia Anna Michna introduce a team of renowned scholars to present new and timely readings of Ingarden’s thought, placing his philosophy in a broader historical and cultural context. In doing so, they offer a cutting edge reflection on the relevance, refinement and depth of Ingarden’s theory. Chapters are not only retrospective, but also set out the present and future development of philosophy inspired by his works.
Reinvigorating the debate about Ingarden’s phenomenological legacy and its relevance for contemporary thought, this collection of essays guides us through his place in the history of philosophy and presents new perspectives on selected aspects of his theory.
Architecture Constructed
Authors: Jarzombek Mark 
Published: June 2023

Architecture Constructed explores the central, open secret of architecture: the long-suppressed conflict between arche and teckton—between those who design, and those who build. This unresolved tension has a centuries-old history in the discipline, persisting through Classical and Renaissance times to the present day, and yet it has rarely been addressed through a historical and theoretical lens.
In this book, acclaimed architectural theorist Mark Jarzombek examines this tension head-on, and uses it to rethink the nature of the history of architecture. He reveals architecture to be a troubled, interconnected realm, incomplete and unstable, where labor, craft, and occupation are the ‘invisible’ complements to the work of the architect.
Erudite, entertaining, and full of surprising and thought-provoking juxtapositions and challenges, Architecture Constructed is packed with novel insights into the internal conflicts and paradoxes of architecture, and is rich with examples from modern and contemporary practice—including Mies, Koolhaas, Potrc, Hadid, Bawa, Diller + Scofidio—which demonstrate how contemporary architecture inhabits the very same tensions that have riven the discipline since the days of Alberti.
This provocative book will stimulate conversations among students, researchers, and designers, as it pushes the boundaries on how we define the professional discipline of architecture and overturns entrenched assumptions about the nature of architectural history and theory.
This book uses the distinction that Leon Battista Alberti made between the architect and the carpenter as leverage to rethink the nature of architecture’s history. The book starts from the premise that the two are not distinct trajectories, but part of a troubled, interconnected realm that still today allows for a variety of creative possibilities. The book does not try to defend one side or the other, but seeks to bring to life the grammatological tensions between the two in order to link them with issues about theory-and-practice, mind-and-matter, and architecture-and-engineering, among other similar such dualities. The book investigates the work of Borromini, Koolhaas, Piranesi, Diller + Scofidio, Potrč, Bawa, Hadid, as well as artists such Mary Miss, Pierre Huyghe, and Jean-Max Albert among others.
The Social Aesthetics of Human Environments
Authors: Berleant Arnold 
Published: June 2023

Across these essays Arnold Berleant demonstrates how aesthetic values and theory can be used to reappraise our social practices. He tackles issues within the built environment, everyday life, and politics, breaking down the dichotomy between the natural and the human. His work represents a fresh approach to traditional philosophical questions in not only ethics, but in metaphysics, truth, meaning, psychology, phenomenology, and social and moral philosophy.
Topics covered include the cultural aesthetics of environment, ecological aesthetics, the aesthetics of terrorism, and the subversion of beauty. The corruption of taste by the forces of commercial interests as well as how aesthetics can advance our understanding of violence are also considered. Berleant’s exploration is supported by his analysis of 19th-century art to the present day, starting with impressionism through to postmodernism and contemporary artistic interventions.
By critically examining the field in this way and casting new light on social understanding and practice, this collection makes a substantive contribution in identifying and clarifying central human issues, guided by an understanding of aesthetic engagement as a powerful tool for social critique.