bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicide risk in male incarcerated individuals in Spain: clinical, criminological and prison-related correlates
Authors: Vorstenbosch Ellen , Rodríguez-Liron Ariadna , Vicens-Pons Enric , Félez-Nóbrega Mireia , Escuder-Romeva Gemma 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Prison suicide is a complex phenomenon that may be influenced by individual, clinical, social and environmental factors. In Spain, few studies have explored the relationship with institutional, prison-related variables. The aim of this study is to examine correlates of suicide in a sample of male incarcerated individuals from 5 Spanish penitentiary centers.

Methods
This present study entails a secondary data analysis, using data from the Prevalence of mental disorders in prisons study. This is a cross-sectional multicenter study conducted in 2007–2008 across 5 penitentiary centers in Spain. The Spanish version of the Plutchik suicide risk scale was used to assess the risk of suicide (those scoring ≥ 6 were considered to be at risk of suicide). Sociodemographic, clinical, criminological and prison-related data were collected via face-to face interviews and criminological data were confirmed using penitentiary records.

Results
The final sample included 707 male incarcerated individuals (mean age 36.79 years ± 9.90 years). Several significant correlates associated with higher risk of suicide were identified including criminological factors (having committed a violent offense, being a recidivist), clinical factors (family history of mental disorders, the presence of mental disorders, having physical conditions, contact with a mental health specialist, medication treatment in the last 12 months), and prison-related determinants (workshop/training course participation) was significantly associated with lower suicide risk.

Conclusions
Several correlates within a comprehensive range of sociodemographic, criminological, clinical and prison-related variables were identified. This information is primordial for preventing suicide and reducing the existing risk. The findings may contribute to developing effective suicide prevention programs within Spanish prison services. Importantly, future research must continue to investigate the nature of suicidal outcomes among incarcerated individuals.
Assessment of the effectiveness of secondary anti-damp insulation in heritage buildings made of historic brick: the current state of knowledge, research gaps and perspectives
Authors: Szemiot Natalia , Hoła Anna , Sadowski Łukasz 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Destruction caused by excessive moisture is a common problem in heritage buildings made of brick. Historic buildings usually have walls that of different constructions, i.e. walls with all joints filled, walls without filled vertical joints, and walls with a layered arrangement. Excessive moisture causes brick cavities, reduces the load-bearing capacity of walls, is unsightly, and can lead to the destruction of walls or the failure of a building. Secondary anti-damp insulation is used to protect the brick walls of historic buildings. However, there has not been enough research to confirm the effectiveness of secondary anti-damp insulation. This type of insulation is performed with the use of the injection method, with various factors (such as soils, the type of injection material, etc.) that affect the effectiveness of the insulation being taken into account. There is also insufficient research on how injection material penetrates brick. This article presents the current state of knowledge, research gaps, and research regarding anti-damp insulation in historic buildings made of brick, and also the perspectives of future research. The authors propose the use of non-destructive and destructive methods to assess the effectiveness of anti-damp insulation in brick walls.
Incorporation of CAD (computer-aided detection) with thin-slice lung CT in routine 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging read-out protocol for detection of lung nodules
Authors: Bhure Ujwal , Cieciera Matthäus , Lehnick Dirk , del Sol Pérez Lago Maria , Grünig Hannes , Lima Thiago , Roos Justus E. , Strobel Klaus 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the detection rate and performance of 18F-FDG PET alone (PET), the combination of PET and low-dose thick-slice CT (PET/lCT), PET and diagnostic thin-slice CT (PET/dCT), and additional computer-aided detection (PET/dCT/CAD) for lung nodules (LN)/metastases in tumor patients. Along with this, assessment of inter-reader agreement and time requirement for different techniques were evaluated as well.

Methods
In 100 tumor patients (56 male, 44 female; age range: 22–93 years, mean age: 60 years) 18F-FDG PET images, low-dose CT with shallow breathing (5 mm slice thickness), and diagnostic thin-slice CT (1 mm slice thickness) in full inspiration were retrospectively evaluated by three readers with variable experience (junior, mid-level, and senior) for the presence of lung nodules/metastases and additionally analyzed with CAD. Time taken for each analysis and number of the nodules detected were assessed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, accuracy, and Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis of each technique was calculated. Histopathology and/or imaging follow-up served as reference standard for the diagnosis of metastases.

Results
Three readers, on an average, detected 40 LN in 17 patients with PET only, 121 LN in 37 patients using ICT, 283 LN in 60 patients with dCT, and 282 LN in 53 patients with CAD. On average, CAD detected 49 extra LN, missed by the three readers without CAD, whereas CAD overall missed 53 LN. There was very good inter-reader agreement regarding the diagnosis of metastases for all four techniques (kappa: 0.84–0.93). The average time required for the evaluation of LN in PET, lCT, dCT, and CAD was 25, 31, 60, and 40 s, respectively; the assistance of CAD lead to average 33% reduction in time requirement for evaluation of lung nodules compared to dCT. The time-saving effect was highest in the less experienced reader. Regarding the diagnosis of metastases, sensitivity and specificity combined of all readers were 47.8%/96.2% for PET, 80.0%/81.9% for PET/lCT, 100%/56.7% for PET/dCT, and 95.6%/64.3% for PET/CAD. No significant difference was observed regarding the ROC AUC (area under the curve) between the imaging methods.

Conclusion
Implementation of CAD for the detection of lung nodules/metastases in routine 18F-FDG PET/CT read-out is feasible. The combination of diagnostic thin-slice CT and CAD significantly increases the detection rate of lung nodules in tumor patients compared to the standard PET/CT read-out. PET combined with low-dose CT showed the best balance between sensitivity and specificity regarding the diagnosis of metastases per patient. CAD reduces the time required for lung nodule/metastasis detection, especially for less experienced readers.
Three-dimensional reconstruction of Y-IrNi rhombic dodecahedron nanoframe by STEM/EDS tomography
Authors: Kim Taekyung , Lee Yongsang , Hong Yongju , Lee Kwangyeol , Baik Hionsuck 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe structural analysis of nanocrystals via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a valuable technique for the material science field. Recently, two-dimensional images by scanning TEM (STEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) have successfully extended to three-dimensional (3D) imaging by tomography. However, despite improving TEM instruments and measurement techniques, detector shadowing, the missing-wedge problem, X-ray absorption effects, etc., significant challenges still remain; therefore, the various required corrections should be considered and applied when performing quantitative tomography. Nonetheless, this 3D reconstruction technique can facilitate active site analysis and the development of nanocatalyst systems, such as water electrolysis and fuel cell. Herein, we present a 3D reconstruction technique to obtain tomograms of IrNi rhombic dodecahedral nanoframes (IrNi-RFs) from STEM and EDS images by applying simultaneous iterative reconstruction technique and total variation minimization algorithms. From characterizing the morphology and spatial chemical composition of the Ir and Ni atoms in the nanoframes, we were able to infer the origin of the physical and catalytic durability of IrNi-RFs. Also, by calculating the surface area and volume of the 3D reconstructed model, we were able to quantify the Ir-to-Ni composition ratio and compare it to the EDS measurement result.
Tuuned in: use of an online contraceptive decision aid for women increases reproductive self-efficacy and knowledge; results of an experimental clinical trial
Authors: Mengelkoch Summer , Espinosa Matthew , Butler Stephen A. , Prieto Laura Joigneau , Russell Emma , Ramshaw Chris , Nahavandi Shardi , Hill Sarah E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Digital decision aids are becoming increasingly common in many areas of healthcare. These aids are designed to involve patients in medical decision making, with the aim of improving patient outcomes while decreasing healthcare burden. Previously developed contraceptive-based decision aids have been found to be effective at increasing women’s knowledge about reproductive health and contraception. Here, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel contraceptive-based decision aid at increasing women’s self-efficacy and knowledge about their reproductive health and contraceptive options, as well as their perceptions of their learning. This study was registered as a clinic trial at ClinicalTrials.gov (Contraception Decision Aid Use and Patient Outcomes, ID# NCT05177783) on 05/01/2022.

Methods
The Tuune® contraceptive decision aid’s effectiveness was evaluated by conducting an experiment in which 324 women were assigned to use the Tuune® decision aid or a control decision aid. Primary outcomes included reproductive health self-efficacy, reproductive health and contraceptive knowledge, and perceptions of learning. Secondary analyses examined whether prior experience using hormonal contraceptives moderated the relationship between decision aid and each outcome measure.

Results
Women assigned to use the Tuune® decision aid exhibited greater reproductive health self-efficacy, greater knowledge about reproductive health and contraception, and perceived having learned more than women assigned to use the control decision aid (ps ≤ .029). This pattern was also observed in women with previous contraceptive use experience, where women using Tuune® reported better outcomes than women using the control aid, regardless of their history of hormonal contraceptive use experience, although this interaction was not significant (p = .089).

Conclusions
Use of the Tuune® contraceptive-based decision aid improved each of the predicted outcomes relative to a control decision aid. This suggests that use of the Tuune® contraceptive-based decision aid is well poised to increase women’s confidence and knowledge about contraceptive use and may also reduce burden on healthcare systems.
Substance use patterns among a global sample of transgender and non-binary people during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Garrison-Desany Henri M. , Childress Chase P. , McConico Nicole , Jarrett Brooke A. , Howell Sean , Glick Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Transgender and non-binary (TNB) people are at high risk of substance misuse compared to cisgender individuals. Few studies have described substance use among non-binary people, and many studies have focused solely on samples from Western countries. In this global study of TNB people, we sought to identify intra-group differences, risk factors, and COVID-related changes in the use of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis.

Methods
We used cross-sectional data from 926 TNB users of the Hornet app across 76 countries between October and November 2020. Participants self-reported the use of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis in the past 6 months and any changes in use during the pandemic. We generated descriptive statistics and used logistic regression to assess substance use between TNB subgroups, identify risk factors for each substance by gender identity, and identify changes in substance use before and during the pandemic.

Results
Most TNB participants used tobacco (53.7%, n = 498) and alcohol (66.3%, n = 614). Non-binary participants had increased odds of using cannabis (adjusted odds ratio: 1.62, 95% CI 1.03, 2.55) compared to transfeminine participants. Participants’ geographic region of residence was most associated with higher substance use, compared to other potential factors. Most participants reported increases in at least one substance during COVID-19 (54.2%, n = 276 of 518 responses).

Conclusions
In this global TNB sample, we found that substance use varied by gender identity, and changes in substance use during the pandemic varied by TNB sub-groups. We join researchers calling for gender-specific tailoring of substance-related services for TNB clients and urge further studies with greater inclusion and disaggregation of non-binary and transmasculine individuals to support better-informed analysis of transgender health.
The Architectonics of Hope: Fragments of Life and Text in Walter Benjamin and Hart Crane
Authors: Hoffmeyer John 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis essay develops a comparative account of Walter Benjamin’s and Hart Crane’s architectonic metaphors for text, culture, and history. I argue that theorist and poet alike employ parallel conceptual frameworks that analogize the “building” of the text to the condensation and constellation of disjunctive historical materials, thereby resisting progressivist conceptions of literary and cultural tradition. I further highlight the ways in which, for both figures, experiences of built images are ever-mediated, in contrast to certain strains of extant scholarship that interpret Crane’s poetry and Benjamin’s philosophy as dependent on the fiction of immediate affective experience, as if sensory perception were not always-already conditioned by the mediating abstractions of cognition and memory. Motivated by the personal and political struggles both men faced as outcasts, their visions of the fragmented cityscape as imbued with a complex, compositional logic of form and history ground, at once, the possibility of textual communicability and the preservation and transmission of memory—personal, collective, historical, and cultural. It is by virtue of this shared formal-historical logic—and the faith in a better future persisting therein—that I develop and defend Benjamin’s and Crane’s “architectonics of hope.”
Global Outcomes for Microsurgical Clipping of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: A Benchmark Analysis of 2245 Cases
Authors: Drexler Richard , Sauvigny Thomas , Pantel Tobias F. , Ricklefs Franz L. , Catapano Joshua S. , Wanebo John E. , Lawton Michael T. , Sanchin Aminaa , Hecht Nils , Vajkoczy Peter , Raygor Kunal , Tonetti Daniel , Abla Adib , El Naamani Kareem , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula I. , Jabbour Pascal , Jankowitz Brian T. , Salem Mohamed M. , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Wagner Arthur , Wostrack Maria , Gempt Jens , Meyer Bernhard , Gaub Michael , Mascitelli Justin R. , Dodier Philippe , Bavinzski Gerhard , Roessler Karl , Stroh Nico , Gmeiner Matthias , Gruber Andreas , Figueiredo Eberval G. , da Silva Coelho Antonio Carlos Samaia , Bervitskiy Anatoliy V. , Anisimov Egor D. , Rzaev Jamil A. , Krenzlin Harald , Keric Naureen , Ringel Florian , Park Dougho , Kim Mun-Chul , Marcati Eleonora , Cenzato Marco , Westphal Manfred , Dührsen Lasse 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Benchmarks represent the best possible outcome and help to improve outcomes for surgical procedures. However, global thresholds mirroring an optimal and reachable outcome for microsurgical clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) are not available. This study aimed to define standardized outcome benchmarks in patients who underwent clipping of UIA.

METHODS:
A total of 2245 microsurgically treated UIA from 15 centers were analyzed. Patients were categorized into low- (“benchmark”) and high-risk (“nonbenchmark”) patients based on known factors affecting outcome. The benchmark was defined as the 75th percentile of all centers' median scores for a given outcome. Benchmark outcomes included intraoperative (eg, duration of surgery, blood transfusion), postoperative (eg, reoperation, neurological status), and aneurysm-related factors (eg, aneurysm occlusion). Benchmark cutoffs for aneurysms of the anterior communicating/anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior communicating artery were determined separately.

RESULTS:
Of the 2245 cases, 852 (37.9%) patients formed the benchmark cohort. Most operations were performed for middle cerebral artery aneurysms (53.6%), followed by anterior communicating and anterior cerebral artery aneurysms (25.2%). Based on the results of the benchmark cohort, the following benchmark cutoffs were established: favorable neurological outcome (modified Rankin scale ≤2) ≥95.9%, postoperative complication rate ≤20.7%, length of postoperative stay ≤7.7 days, asymptomatic stroke ≤3.6%, surgical site infection ≤2.7%, cerebral vasospasm ≤2.5%, new motor deficit ≤5.9%, aneurysm closure rate ≥97.1%, and at 1-year follow-up: aneurysm closure rate ≥98.0%. At 24 months, benchmark patients had a better score on the modified Rankin scale than nonbenchmark patients.

CONCLUSION:
This study presents internationally applicable benchmarks for clinically relevant outcomes after microsurgical clipping of UIA. These benchmark cutoffs can serve as reference values for other centers, patient registries, and for comparing the benefit of other interventions or novel surgical techniques.
Vimentin intermediate filaments provide structural stability to the mammalian Golgi complex
Authors: Vitali Teresa , Sanchez-Alvarez Rosa , Witkos Tomasz M. , Bantounas Ioannis , Cutiongco Marie F. A. , Dudek Michal , Yan Guanhua , Mironov Alexander A. , Swift Joe , Lowe Martin 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The Golgi complex comprises a connected ribbon of stacked cisternal membranes localized to the perinuclear region in most vertebrate cells. The position and morphology of this organelle depends upon interactions with microtubules and the actin cytoskeleton. In contrast, we know relatively little about the relationship of the Golgi complex with intermediate filaments (IFs). In this study, we show that the Golgi is in close physical proximity to vimentin IFs in cultured mouse and human cells. We also show that the trans-Golgi network coiled-coil protein GORAB can physically associate with vimentin IFs. Loss of vimentin and/or GORAB had a modest effect upon Golgi structure at the steady state. The Golgi underwent more rapid disassembly upon chemical disruption with brefeldin A or nocodazole, and slower reassembly upon drug washout, in vimentin knockout cells. Moreover, loss of vimentin caused reduced Golgi ribbon integrity when cells were cultured on high-stiffness hydrogels, which was exacerbated by loss of GORAB. These results indicate that vimentin IFs contribute to the structural stability of the Golgi complex and suggest a role for GORAB in this process.
Epithelial mechanics are maintained by inhibiting cell fusion with age in Drosophila
Authors: Dehn Ari S. , Duhaime Levi , Gogna Navdeep , Nishina Patsy M. , Kelley Kristina , Losick Vicki P. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
A characteristic of normal aging and age-related diseases is the remodeling of the cellular organization of a tissue through polyploid cell growth. Polyploidy arises from an increase in nuclear ploidy or the number of nuclei per cell. However, it is not known whether age-induced polyploidy is an adaption to stressors or a precursor to degeneration. Here, we find that abdominal epithelium of the adult fruit fly becomes polyploid with age through generation of multinucleated cells by cell fusion. Inhibition of fusion does not improve the lifespan of the fly, but does enhance its biomechanical fitness, a measure of the healthspan of the animal. Remarkably, Drosophila can maintain their epithelial tension and abdominal movements with age when cell fusion is inhibited. Epithelial cell fusion also appears to be dependent on a mechanical cue, as knockdown of Rho kinase, E-cadherin or α-catenin is sufficient to induce multinucleation in young animals. Interestingly, mutations in α-catenin in mice result in retina pigment epithelial multinucleation associated with macular disease. Therefore, we have discovered that polyploid cells arise by cell fusion and contribute to the decline in the biomechanical fitness of the animal with age.
The Possible Calcification Mechanisms in some Reptilian Egg-shells
Authors: Simkiss K. , Tyler C. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Studies have been made of the organic matrix of certain reptilian egg-shells. The interaction between egg-shell-matrix and various metal ions has been considered by noting the effect of these ions on the staining of the matrix by toluidine blue. A comparison of the results with those for the hen indicates that the chelating mechanism in the Chelonia is similar to that in the hen, but that that in the Crocodilia is different. It is suggested that in the Crocodilia the acid mucopolysaccharide of the matrix is embedded in, but not combined with,the protein and that its chelating mechanism is carboxylate group to carboxylate group, while in the hen andChelonia, the acid mucopolysaccharide is combined with the protein and that its chelating mechanism is carboxylate group to amino group.
Unraveling the Interactions between Nanoparticles and Benzo[a]pyrene in Environmental Waters and Human Blood by Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Sun Hainan , Wang Yingying , Meng Xiangan , Hu Manman , Yan Xin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The microscopic interactions between nanoparticles with different physicochemical properties and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in environmental waters and human blood are still unknown. By using dissipative particle dynamics method, we found that the interaction parameter between beads in nanoparticles and BaP (aNP) can dictate the dispersion state of them in water and the distance between protein corona and nanoparticles in simulated human blood. Moreover, blood proteins reduce the number of BaP adsorbed on nanoparticles when aNP ≤ 25 and increase the number of BaP when aNP &gt; 25. These findings provide detailed interaction information of combined pollutants at microscopic level.