bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of treatment of nonunited middle third scaphoid fractures using threaded Kirschner wires fixation with iliac bone grafting
Authors: Abosalem Ahmed , Shams Ahmed , Samy Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the results of iliac bone grafting with threaded Kirschner wires (K-wires) fixation in treating of nonunited middle third scaphoid fractures.

Background
Scaphoid nonunion is a common complication after scaphoid fractures as it is an intra-articular fracture with high fracture mobility and instability. In addition, the scaphoid is devoid of periosteum along with impaired vascularity. Scaphoid nonunion results in carpal collapse with secondary osteoarthritis. To avoid that, the aim of treatment should be to enhance the biology of fracture through bone grafting and provide adequate stability of the fracture in an anatomic alignment.

Patients and methods
This study is a prospective case series of 30 patients with nonunited middle third scaphoid fractures admitted to an academically supervised trauma center from June 2018 to June 2020. They were managed by open reduction, refreshment of the scaphoid nonunion site with iliac crest bone grafting, and threaded K-wires fixation in an anatomical alignment. The mean age was 28.58 ± 4.47 years. Postoperative clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Quick disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score, and modified Mayo wrist score. Postoperative radiological union and scaphoid alignment were assessed. The minimum period of follow-up was one year.

Results
One year postoperatively, the mean modified Mayo wrist score was 81.67 ± 9.39 and the mean Quick DASH score was 25.67 ± 14.97. Radiologically, the union was achieved in 86.7%. The mean union time was 11.92 ± 1.54 weeks.

Conclusions
Threaded K-wires fixation with iliac bone grafting is an effective method for treating nonunited middle third scaphoid fractures.
Kemiskinan Pekerja Perempuan dan Sektor Informal di Sarkem
Authors: Supraja Muhammad , Asdi Artosa Odam 
Published: September 2023

Pasar Kembang merupakan salah satu distrik sektor informal yang besar di Yogyakarta, dimana wilayah bisnisnya terbagi menjadi dua bagian yaitu kawasan sektor informal sah dan tidak sah. Tujuan penelitian untuk ini memberikan gambaran mengenai partisipasi pekerja perempuan dalam sektor informal di Pasar Kembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Eksplorasi data dengan studi literatur. Sebanyak delapan pekerja perempuan dengan rentang usia 17-51 tahun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: dalam paradigma kemiskinan, perempuan yang dianggap berhasil adalah perempuan yang mampu berkarir di sektor publik dan berkontribusi dalam perekonomian keluarga. Namun, paradigma ini mengesampingkan posisi pekerja perempuan yang tidak memiliki keterampilan dan stock of knowledge yang memadai, sehingga kelompok ini seringkali terpinggirkan dan terserap dalam sektor informal tidak sah yakni Pekerja Seks komersial (PSK). Sektor informal sah bergerak dibidang jasa pariwisata dan sektor informal tidak sah yang aktivitas perekonomiannya bergerak pada bidang prostitusi. Meskipun demikian, kedua kawasan ini berhasil menjalin hubungan simbiosis mutualisme, dimana keberadaan masing-masing sektor dapat saling mendukung dan menguntungkan. Secara umum, hasil studi ini menambah dan memperkaya perdebatan akademik mengenai pekerja perempuan dalam pasar kerja informal
Perkembangan Infrastruktur Pasca Pemekaran Desa Teluk Paman Timur Kecamatan Kampar Kiri Kabupaten Kampar Provinsi Riau
Authors: Jannah Muhammad Raihatul , Ramadhan Bagus 
Published: September 2023

Desa Teluk Paman Timur mengalami pemekaran wilayah sehingga pembangunan infrastruk tur juga mengalami perkembangan dari segi jumlah dan jenisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan infrastruktur Desa Teluk Paman Timur pasca pemekaran serta faktor -faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan infrastruktur tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dengan pendekatan deduktif kualitatif. Metode ini digunakan untuk mengetahui perkembangan infrastruktur pada suatu desa dikarenakan pembangunan infrastruktur pada desa sudah mempunyai acuan atau peraturan pembangunan yang mengikat. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Informasi diperoleh dari 10 informan. Analisis data secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan infrastruktur sudah menunjukkan adanya perkembangan setiap tahunnya. Namun, pembangunan infrastruktur tersebut terdapat kekurangan berupa bidang bidang yang mampu meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat yaitu bidang lingkungan, kesehatan, dan pendidikan. Hal ini ditemukan penyebabnya antara lain faktor tatakelola pemerintah, partisipasi masyarakat, sumber daya finansial, kualitas sumber daya manusia dan masalah teknis lapangan.
Black Sea Basin Geostrategic Region from History to Modern Times
Authors: Bosneagu Romeo , Scurtu Ionut Cristian , Lupu Sergiu , Lupu Carmen Elena , Patrau Daniel Daneci , Coca Carmen Elena 
Published: September 2023

For Black Sea its geostrategic importance has become increasingly evident in recent years, as major powers have become more aware of its potential benefits and risks. The region's location at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and the Middle East makes it an important trade route and strategic point, connecting different regions and cultures. Its natural resources, such as oil, gas, and minerals, have also attracted the attention of major energy producers and consumers. In addition, the Black Sea has become an important arena for diplomacy, cultural exchange, scientific research, and military affairs. Major powers such as Russia, Turkey, and the United States have increased their presence and influence in the region, seeking to promote their interests and secure their strategic goals. These efforts have included political and economic partnerships, military alliances, and cultural initiatives, among others. These issues require collective action and cooperation among all stakeholders in the region.
REPERCUSSÕES PERINATAIS DA SÍFILIS CONGÊNITA: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Santos Cardoso Ana Maria , Miranda Eustáquio Vitória , Dias Fiterman Raul , Patriotino Rebelo Pires Neto José , Da Rocha Rodrigues Meneses Milena , Noleto Santos Lívia , Sérgio de Sousa Moura João , Sthéfanie Gonçalves de Caldas Paola , Clara Leal Pereira Maria , Elisa Barroso Machado Bárbara 
Published: September 2023

A sífilis congênita permanece como um desafio persistente e complexo no campo da saúde pública, mesmo em um cenário de avanços médicos e tecnológicos. Transmitida da mãe para o feto durante a gestação, a sífilis congênita é resultado da infecção pelo Treponema pallidum, o agente etiológico da sífilis, e pode ter consequências devastadoras para a saúde perinatal e neonatal. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase e Cochrane Library. A busca foi restrita a estudos publicados em inglês ou português publicados de 2013 a 2023. Resultados e Discussão: As repercussões perinatais da sífilis congênita abrangem uma gama diversificada e complexa de impactos sobre o recém-nascido. Além das manifestações cutâneas frequentemente visíveis, essa infecção pode desencadear alterações profundas em sistemas vitais do corpo. Aborto espontâneo e natimortalidade são riscos imediatos, levando a uma perda devastadora para as famílias. Além disso, a prematuridade induzida pela infecção pode resultar em uma série de desafios adicionais para o neonato. Conclusão: A vertigem é um sintoma intrigante, resultante de uma interação intrincada entre os sistemas vestibulares, sensoriais e emocionais. A identificação dos inconscientes à vertigem é essencial para um diagnóstico preciso e o desenvolvimento de terapias terapêuticas eficazes para o manejo dessa condição debilitante
Cloud top heights and aerosol layer properties from EarthCARE lidar observations: the A-CTH and A-ALD products
Authors: Wandinger Ulla , Haarig Moritz , Baars Holger , Donovan David , van Zadelhoff Gerd-Jan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. The high-spectral-resolution Atmospheric Lidar (ATLID) on the Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE)
provides vertically resolved information on aerosols and clouds with unprecedented accuracy. Together with the Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR), the Multi-Spectral Imager (MSI), and the Broad-Band Radiometer (BBR) on the same platform, it allows for a new synergistic view on atmospheric processes related to the interaction of aerosols, clouds, precipitation, and radiation at the global scale.
This paper describes the algorithms for the determination of cloud top height and aerosol layer information from ATLID Level 1b (L1b) and Level 2a (L2a) input data. The ATLID L2a Cloud Top Height (A-CTH) and Aerosol Layer Descriptor (A-ALD) products are developed to ensure the provision of atmospheric layer products in continuation of the heritage from the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO). Moreover, the products serve as input for synergistic algorithms that make use of data from ATLID and MSI. Therefore, the products are provided on the EarthCARE joint standard grid (JSG).
A wavelet covariance transform (WCT) method with flexible thresholds is applied to determine layer boundaries from the ATLID Mie co-polar signal.
Strong features detected with a horizontal resolution of 1 JSG pixel (approximately 1 km) or 11 JSG pixels are classified as thick or thin clouds, respectively. The top height of the uppermost cloud layer together with information on cloud layering are stored in the A-CTH product for further use in the generation of the ATLID-MSI Cloud Top Height (AM-CTH) synergy product. Aerosol layers are detected as weaker features at a resolution of 11 JSG pixels. Layer-mean optical properties are calculated from the ATLID L2a Extinction, Backscatter and Depolarization (A-EBD) product and stored in the A-ALD product, which also contains the aerosol optical thickness (AOT) of each layer, the stratospheric AOT, and the AOT of the entire atmospheric column. The latter parameter is used to produce the synergistic ATLID-MSI Aerosol Column Descriptor (AM-ACD) later in the processing chain. Several quality criteria are applied in the generation of A-CTH and A-ALD, and respective information is stored in the products. The functionality and performance of the algorithms are demonstrated by applying them to common EarthCARE test scenes. Conclusions are drawn for the application to real-world data and the validation of the products after the launch of EarthCARE.
The stability of present-day Antarctic grounding lines – Part 2: Onset of irreversible retreat of Amundsen Sea glaciers under current climate on centennial timescales cannot be excluded
Authors: Reese Ronja , Garbe Julius , Hill Emily A. , Urruty Benoît , Naughten Kaitlin A. , Gagliardini Olivier , Durand Gaël , Gillet-Chaulet Fabien , Gudmundsson G. Hilmar , Chandler David , Langebroek Petra M. , Winkelmann Ricarda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract. Observations of ocean-driven grounding-line retreat in the Amundsen Sea Embayment in Antarctica raise the question of an imminent collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet. Here we analyse the committed evolution of Antarctic grounding lines under the present-day climate. To this aim, we first calibrate a sub-shelf melt parameterization, which is derived from an ocean box model, with observed and modelled melt sensitivities to ocean temperature changes, making it suitable for present-day simulations and future sea level projections. Using the new calibration, we run an ensemble of historical simulations from 1850 to 2015 with a state-of-the-art ice sheet model to create model instances of possible present-day ice sheet configurations. Then, we extend the simulations for another 10 000 years to investigate their evolution under constant present-day climate forcing and bathymetry. We test for reversibility of grounding-line movement in the case that large-scale retreat occurs. In the Amundsen Sea Embayment we find irreversible retreat of the Thwaites Glacier for all our parameter combinations and irreversible retreat of the Pine Island Glacier for some admissible parameter combinations. Importantly, an irreversible collapse in the Amundsen Sea Embayment sector is initiated at the earliest between 300 and 500 years in our simulations and is not inevitable yet – as also shown in our companion paper (Part 1, Hill et al., 2023). In other words, the region has not tipped yet. With the assumption of constant present-day climate, the collapse evolves on millennial timescales, with a maximum rate of 0.9 mm a−1 sea-level-equivalent ice volume loss. The contribution to sea level by 2300 is limited to 8 cm with a maximum rate of 0.4 mm a−1 sea-level-equivalent ice volume loss. Furthermore, when allowing ice shelves to regrow to their present geometry, we find that large-scale grounding-line retreat into marine basins upstream of the Filchner–Ronne Ice Shelf and the western Siple Coast is reversible. Other grounding lines remain close to their current positions in all configurations under present-day climate.
The Modern Transformation of Fatherhood in Cormac McCarthy’sNo Country for Old MenandThe Road
Authors: Allred Christian Anderson 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTMcCarthy’s No Country for Old Men and The Road depict intimate father-child relationships that are best explained by what sociologist Anthony Giddens calls “the transformation of intimacy in the twentieth century.” Whereas father-child relations are fixed within a rigid social structure in premodernity, in modernity they become a voluntary site for commitment that requires the deliberate cultivation of trust. In McCarthy’s two novels, this cultivating of trust takes the form of shared routines, dialogue, and watchwords. The intimacy and connection that these create give McCarthy’s fathers a needed sense of security in an otherwise disorienting and disillusioning modern world. The displacement of traditional familial networks by abstract systems then ultimately leads back to one of the most basic forms of social network: the parent-child relationship.
Maps and Legends: Patterns of Go Down, Moses in The Road
Authors: Yarbrough Scott 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
One of the central questions tasking any reader of Cormac McCarthy’s 2006 Pulitzer Prize–winning novel The Road is just what, in the final analysis, is supposed to be our estimation of the father? Is he mostly a moral character, utterly committed to his boy and to providing a foundation for goodness? Is he a competent character, and what we are to make of his travels with his son and their ethical clashes? Is the father right in his pragmatism or is the son right in idealism? Has the father learned the rules of the fallen world sufficiently? Or does he still cling to the past? These questions and others are answered through a thorough examination of the many parallel elements in one of William Faulkner’s greatest accomplishments, his novella “The Bear” and the collection it was published within, Go Down, Moses (1942).
Preface: 2nd International Conference on Portfolios, Global Marketing and Economic Environment (PGMEE 2023)
Authors: Wheatley Edmund , Ke Gaofei 
Published: September 2023

2023 2nd International Conference on Portfolios, Global Marketing and Economic Environment (PGMEE 2023) was held in Sao Paulo, Brazil during July 22-23, 2023. This conference aims to provide an academic sharing and exchanging platform for researchers, practitioners, and educators to present and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns as well as practical challenges encountered and solutions adopted in the fields of portfolios, financial security, risk management, global marketing, asset pricing, investment policy and economic environment.
The success of PGMEE 2023 is due to the high scientific level of all the contributions as well as to the enthusiasm of all the attendees. The member of the technical committee did a precious job in selecting the papers that were accepted for presentation and for inclusion in this book of proceedings among those that were initially submitted. Beside the authors, participants, we would like to thank the members of the organizing committee, reviewers and volunteers, whose work was fundamental for assuring the smooth running of the conference.
We hope PGMEE 2023 can develop into persistent success in future years, involving participants and speakers from all corners of the world. And we believe that with the strong support of all participants, professors, scholars, this conference will be more distinctive.
PGMEE Organizing Committees
Sao Paulo, Brazil
Preface: 5th International Conference on Mechanics, Simulation and Control (ICMSC 2023)
Authors: Thackeray Cynthia , Li Hang 
Published: September 2023

The 2023 5th International Conference on Mechanics, Simulation and Control (ICMSC 2023) was held during June 24-25, 2023 in San Jose, USA. This conference aims to bring together academic scientists, leading engineers, industry researchers and scholar students to exchange and share their experiences and research results, and will discuss the practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted. The conference provided delegates with the opportunity to meet face-to-face with new ideas and application experiences, build business or research relationships, and find global partners for future collaboration.
ICMSC 2023 has been deliberated to showcase research accomplishments and to enrich the educational experience in about all aspects of mechanical engineering, applied mechanics, computer simulation, mathematical modeling, intelligent computing, automation and control engineering. The conference organizing committee has invited three keynote speakers. The two-day conference with nearly 28 oral presentations created the heart of the conference and provided ample opportunity for discussion during the conference.
We have many people to thank and would like to put the appreciation of their contribution on record. In this regard, the largest burden fell upon the experienced shoulders of keynote speakers, session chairs, and our technical reviewers along with substantial assistance received from active student volunteers.
The ICMSC Conference Committee
San Jose, USA
Simulation Prediction and Research of China Industrial Energy Related CO2 Emissions
Authors: Ding Zequn , Bai Zhigang , Zhu Hongqing , Zhou Weiye 
Published: September 2023

This paper analyzes the industrial emissions of China which consumption from energy from 2009 to 2019. The simulation forecast model for predict emissions in 11 years' period has reached a very high precision, the mean error of predictive model logistic and GM of emissions is 6.25% and 2.87%, and the industrial emissions' growth from 2012 to 2016 is expected from 12.8% to 6.3%. China energy consumption per unit industrial added value in 2019 fell by 38.21% in comparison with 2009, carbon emission intensity fell 27.33%. The energy conservation illustrated by this, and a certain effect achieved by emission reduction work in China between 2009 and 2019, and its industrial structure got a better improvement.
The Impact of Tourism on Carbon Emissions in China
Authors: Zhang Man 
Published: September 2023

This paper constructs the index system of tourism and studies the relationship between tourism and carbon emissions with panel data of 30 provinces during 2001-2015. The Generalized Spatial Two-stage Least Square (GS2SLS) model is used to solve the potential endogenous problems and identify the spatial spillover effects. The key findings show that: China’s carbon pollution has a significant spatial spillover effect; the principle of joint defense should be followed to maximize the environmental benefits. There is a U-shaped relationship between tourism and carbon emission. More attentions are needed on the low-carbon development of tourism. Digitization can reduce the positive effect of tourism on carbon emissions. It is necessary to make the digital transition.
Analysis and Optimization of Spray Structure for Mine Wet Dust Remover
Authors: Wang Weili 
Published: September 2023

Through the analysis of the relationship among spray and flow and performance of dust remover, it gets a better spray structure, and realizes the precipitator of low internal resistance and low water consumption combined with application environment.it proves by application in Jia-Yang mine of Sichuan Coal Group that the wet dust collector can effectively suct the dust air flow in the field, and the working environment of the working surface is obviously improved because the dust removal efficiency of the working face is 96.64%.
Study on High-resolution Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification Using Transfer Learning
Authors: Ouyang Qian 
Published: September 2023

Remote sensing image classification (RSIC) has been increasingly concerned and becoming a challenging task. Recently, deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) offer the effective classification method include the capacity to handle high-dimensional data and to distinguish classes with very complex characteristics on the remote sensing community. However, the focus of these methods is on publicly available data sets in the field of remote sensing, there are few studies on RSIC composed of different benchmark datasets, which the complexity, diversity, and similarity of data greatly increase the difficulty of classification. In this paper, we reconstructed and selected one new dataset from two standard benchmark remote sensing datasets: UC Merged Land-Use and NWPU-RESISC45. We utilize three transfer learning frameworks to extract the high-level feature map and feed feature information into the proposed model for partial and full fine-tuning. Data augmentation technology is used to increase the number of training samples and dropout strategies to prevent overfitting. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methodology achieved remarkable performance in scene classification of overall accuracy: 90.1%,91.0%,93.3 with VggNet, DesNet, InceptionNet, respectively.
Freedom of Expression in the Internet Era
Authors: Song Zhaoyang 
Published: September 2023

One of the most important human rights is the freedom of expression, yet in an era of the Internet’s explosive growth, the communicative character of speech has undergone significant change. The lines between legitimate and illegal forms of expression have also blurred, and if they do, they may have a huge negative impact on society, such as when hate speech is used. It is often assumed that only public authorities are responsible for governing freedom of expression, but nowadays, private companies also play a crucial role. The paper begins with a succinct explanation of freedom of expression and then analyses two typical methods used by public bodies in the US and the EU to regulate that right. After that, it presents about how private firms like Facebook and Twitter handle the right to free speech. Finally, it demonstrates that cooperation between public authority and private corporations is required to ensure freedom of speech under the objective circumstances of the rapid technological growth of private firms.