bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hollow Ptychography: Toward Simultaneous 4D Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy
Authors: Kim Na Yeon , Cao Shaohong , More Karren L. , Lupini Andrew R. , Miao Jianwei , Chi Miaofang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the recent development of high‐acquisition‐speed pixelated detectors, 4D scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D‐STEM) is becoming routinely available in high‐resolution electron microscopy. 4D‐STEM acts as a “universal” method that provides local information on materials that is challenging to extract from bulk techniques. It extends conventional STEM imaging to include super‐resolution techniques and to provide quantitative phase‐based information, such as differential phase contrast, ptychography, or Bloch wave phase retrieval. However, an important missing factor is the chemical and bonding information provided by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). 4D‐STEM and EELS cannot currently be acquired simultaneously due to the overlapping geometry of the detectors. Here, the feasibility of modifying the detector geometry to overcome this challenge for bulk specimens is demonstrated, and the use of a partial or defective detector for ptycholgaphic structural imaging is explored. Results show that structural information beyond the diffraction‐limit and chemical information from the material can be extracted together, resulting in simultaneous multi‐modal measurements, adding the additional dimensions of spectral information to 4D datasets.
Molecularly Capped Omniphobic Polydimethylsiloxane Brushes with Ultra‐Fast Contact Line Dynamics
Authors: Khatir Behrooz , Azimi Dijvejin Zahra , Serles Peter , Filleter Tobin , Golovin Kevin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDroplet friction is common and significant in any field where liquids interact with solid surfaces. This study explores the molecular capping of surface‐tethered, liquid‐like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) brushes and its substantial effect on droplet friction and liquid repellency. By exchanging polymer chain terminal silanol groups for methyls using a single‐step vapor phase reaction, the contact line relaxation time is decreased by three orders of magnitude–from seconds to milliseconds. This leads to a substantial reduction in the static and kinetic friction of both high‐ and low‐surface tension fluids. Vertical droplet oscillatory imaging confirms the ultra‐fast contact line dynamics of capped PDMS brushes, which is corroborated by live contact angle monitoring during fluid flow. This study proposes that truly omniphobic surfaces should not only have very small contact angle hysteresis, but their contact line relaxation time should be significantly shorter than the timescale of their useful application, i.e., a Deborah number less than unity. Capped PDMS brushes that meet these criteria demonstrate complete suppression of the coffee ring effect, excellent anti‐fouling behavior, directional droplet transport, increased water harvesting performance, and transparency retention following the evaporation of non‐Newtonian fluids.
Cover Image
Authors: Fan Carina L. , Sokolowski H. Moriah , Rosenbaum R. Shayna , Levine Brian 
Published: May 2023

The cover image is based on the Advanced Review What about “space” is important for episodic memory? by Carina L. Fan et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/wcs.1645. Image Credit: Sadie Levine.
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A comprehensive archaeometric research on Roman ceramics of Sinop (Black Sea)
Authors: Bayazit Murat , Akyol Ali Akın , Arıyürek Merve 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA multi analytical approach was applied to Roman ceramics excavated from the city center and the Church‐Necropolis area in Kılıçlı plateau (Boyabat) in Sinop/Black Sea, Turkey. The samples were exposed to various characterization methods including spectroscopic, microscopic and thermal techniques. The relatively high amounts of CaO suggested use of calcareous clay batches for most of the Gülümoğlu Roman (GR) and Boyabat Roman (BR) potsherds. The hierarchical cluster analysis revealed two main groups excluding GR‐7. Additionally, principal component analysis (PCA) pointed out two sub‐groups for the BR samples, and GR‐7 was out of the groups. The statistical approach suggested two different raw materials for GR and BR pottery which could be assigned to use of local raw materials for each settlement. The sub‐groups in BR samples and the clear distinction of GR‐7 also pointed out diverse clay sources would have been used in pottery production. The mineralogical components of the potsherds indicated a firing temperature range of 900°C in average. A comparison of the chemical and mineralogical compositions of the potsherds with the former works proposed that most of the samples show similarities with some of the formerly investigated ceramic groups of Hellenistic and Roman periods in Sinop. Considering the whole data, the Roman potsherds in the present study are thought to represent the local wares of Sinop and they might have been manufactured in one of the pottery ateliers located on the coastline in the south of Sinop peninsula.
Meniscal rim instability has a high prevalence and a variable location
Authors: Ammann Nora , Kaelin Raphael , Ammann Elias , Rutz Erich , Studer Kathrin , Valdarrabano Victor , Camathias Carlo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Most classification systems for lateral discoid meniscus do not evaluate instability of the meniscal peripheral rim. Considerable variability in the prevalence of peripheral rim instability has been published, and it appears that instability is underestimated. The purpose of this study was: first, to evaluate the prevalence of peripheral rim instability and its location in the symptomatic lateral discoid meniscus, and second, to investigate if patient age or type of discoid meniscus are possible risk factors for instability.

Methods
A cohort of 78 knees that underwent operative treatment due to symptomatic discoid lateral meniscus was analyzed retrospectively for the rate and location of peripheral rim instability.

Results
Out of the 78 knees, 57.7% (45) had a complete and 42.3% (33) had an incomplete lateral meniscus. The prevalence of peripheral rim instability in symptomatic lateral discoid menisci was 51.3%, and with 32.5%, the anterior attachment was most commonly affected, followed by the posterior (30%) and central (10%) attachment. 27.5% of the tested menisci were unstable anteriorly and posteriorly. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of rim instability between the type of discoid menisci (complete vs. incomplete), nor was there a significant correlation for age as a risk factor for instability.

Conclusion
The discoid lateral meniscus has a high prevalence and variable location of peripheral rim instability. Meniscal rim stability must be tested and addressed cautiously in all parts and in all types of discoid lateral menisci during operative treatment.
Self-reported outcomes on oral health and oral health-related quality of life in long-term childhood cancer survivors—A DCCSS-LATER 2 Study
Authors: Stolze Juliette , Raber-Durlacher Judith E. , Loonen Jacqueline J. , Teepen Jop C. , Ronckers Cécile M. , Tissing Wim J. E. , de Vries Andrica C. H. , Neggers Sebastian J. C. M. M. , Dulmen-den Broeder Eline , Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , van der Pal Helena J. H. , Versluys A. Birgitta , Heiden-van der Loo Margriet , Louwerens Marloes , Kremer Leontien C. M. , Bresters Dorine , Brand Henk S. ,   and on behalf of the DCCSS-LATER Study Group, Grootenhuis Martha , van Leeuwen Flora , van der Steeg Lideke , Janssens Geert , van Santen Hanneke , Veening Margreet , den Hartoghg Jaap , Pluijm Saskia , Batenburg Lilian , de Ridder Hanneke , Hollema Nynke , Teunissen Lennart , Schellekens Anke 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of self-reported oral problems and the oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) in childhood cancer survivors (CCS).

Methods
Patient and treatment characteristics of CCS have been collected in a cross-sectional study, part of the multidisciplinary DCCSS-LATER 2 Study. To assess self-reported oral health problems and dental problems, CCS filled out the ‘Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek’ (TNO) oral health questionnaire. OHRQoL was assessed by the Dutch version of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Prevalences were compared with two comparison groups from the literature. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed.

Results
A total of 249 CCS participated in our study. The OHIP-14 total score had a mean value of 1.94 (sd 4.39), with a median score of 0 (range 0–29). The oral problems ‘oral blisters/aphthae’ (25.9%) and ‘bad odor/halitosis’ (23.3%) were significantly more often reported in CCS than in comparison groups (12% and 12%, respectively). The OHIP-14 score was significantly correlated with the number of self-reported oral health problems (r = .333, p<0.0005) and dental problems (r = .392, p <0.0005). In multivariable analysis, CCS with a shorter time since diagnosis (10-19 years vs. ≥30 years) had a 1.47-fold higher risk of ≥1 oral health problem.

Conclusion
Though the perceived oral health is relatively good, oral complications following childhood cancer treatment are prevalent in CCS. This underlines that attention to impaired oral health and awareness on this topic is mandatory and regular visits to the dentist should be a part of long-term follow-up care.
Tackling SNR at low-field: a review of hardware approaches for point-of-care systems
Authors: Webb Andrew , O’Reilly Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo review the major hardware components of low-field point-of-care MRI systems which affect the overall sensitivity.MethodsDesigns for the following components are reviewed and analyzed: magnet, RF coils, transmit/receive switches, preamplifiers, data acquisition system, and methods for grounding and mitigating electromagnetic interference.ResultsHigh homogeneity magnets can be produced in a variety of different designs including C- and H-shaped as well as Halbach arrays. Using Litz wire for RF coil designs enables unloadedQvalues of ~ 400 to be reached, with body loss representing about 35% of the total system resistance. There are a number of different schemes to tackle issues arising from the low coil bandwidth with respect to the imaging bandwidth. Finally, the effects of good RF shielding, proper electrical grounding, and effective electromagnetic interference reduction can lead to substantial increases in image signal-to-noise ratio.DiscussionThere are many different magnet and RF coil designs in the literature, and to enable meaningful comparisons and optimizations to be performed it would be very helpful to determine a standardized set of sensitivity measures, irrespective of design.
The ethnomedicinal use of vultures by traditional health practitioners in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Manqele Nomthandazo S. , Selier S. A. Jeanetta , Downs Colleen T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAfrican traditional medicine contributes to greater healthcare coverage by providing primary healthcare to rural dwellers, who often have limited access to modern medical services. However, the prevalence of traditional medicine use has been reported to put pressure on biological resources upon which it relies. Indigenous people have identified many wild animals as possessing curative properties. The use of animals and their body parts as ingredients in traditional medicine is often poorly regulated and therefore represents a major challenge for biodiversity conservation. We investigated traditional health practitioners’ ethnomedicinal use of vultures in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. In-depth interviews were conducted with 26 traditional health practitioners from two district municipalities. Data collected were analysed through qualitative and quantitative methodologies. We documented seven parts of the vulture that traditional health practitioners used in KwaZulu-Natal. When the Use Value (UV) index was calculated for each part, the head obtained the highest (0.92). Consensus on parts and their uses was generally low across the study group. Of the 21 uses reported for vulture parts, 71% were spiritual-based. The participants were aware of the hunting of vultures through the use of poison but demonstrated different views about the risks associated with using such material. Overall, our findings confirm the increasing use of African vultures in traditional medicine. Raising awareness and upscaling the active involvement of traditional health practitioners in natural resource management may benefit vulture conservation and that of other species commonly used in belief-based practices.
Facilitators and barriers to condom use in Middle East and North Africa: a systematic review
Authors: Hamidi Abier , Regmi Pramod , van Teijlingen Edwin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region continues to have the lowest prevalence of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) in the world, less than 0.1%, yet new transmissions are increasing. Consistent condom use can reduce the probability of transmission by 90–95%, and its use remains as the staple prevention method; however, this isn’t the case for the MENA region, where condom use, knowledge of proper use, and accessibility are limited.

Aims
To conduct a systematic review on condom use, its use across different population groups, and its barriers and facilitators in countries that fall under the UNAIDS regional classification of MENA.

Methods
This systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The search included electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Academic Search Ultimate, COCHRANE, APA PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, CINAHL Complete, Scopus. There was no date restriction.

Results
Of the 471 records retrieved, 45 articles were appraised and included in the analysis. The reported barriers and facilitators are sub-divided into personal, social, and structural factors. Condom accessibility, partner objection, and their perceived ineffectiveness were key barriers, whereas availability, cost, and lack of awareness were rarely mentioned. Concerns of personal health and future financial security, as well as positive peer influence and delayed sexual experience, were identified as motivators.

Conclusion
Condom promotion in the region needs to incorporate gender-based power in relationships and the influence of religion, as well as the legal and structural factors. More investment and research are needed for women-initiated contraceptive and digital healthcare initiatives.
Leadership in Ethical Practice: Students Learning Outcomes
Authors: Blaich Caitlyn , Kenny Belinda , Jimenez Yobelli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHealth science students frequently experience ethical dilemmas on clinical placements, yet ethics education rarely prepares students with the ethical leadership skills required. The Leadership in Ethical Practice (LEP) program is an ethics education resource designed to enhance health science students’ knowledge and skills in ethical leadership to prepare them for clinical placements and future professional practice. This qualitative study aimed: to explore the nature of students’ ethical leadership goals; determine whether a specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) format was an effective tool for students to create ethical leadership goals; and identify any changes in students’ pre- and post-self-ratings of ethical leadership knowledge following the LEP program. Eighty-two diagnostic radiography students from the University of Sydney participated in the study. Inductive and deductive qualitative content analysis (Elo & Kyngas, 2008) were used to explore students’ goals. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate students’ pre- and post-self-ratings. Four themes emerged from students’ goals: initiative, competence, and courage in ethical reasoning; communicating ethical stories through listening, questioning, and connecting; reflecting and growing as an ethical leader; and safe practice and person-centred outcomes. SMART goal format elements were evident in 61% of students’ goals. Students' ethical leadership self-ratings showed positive changes after participating in the LEP program. Findings indicated students planned to further develop ethical leadership skills during clinical placements and future professional practice. This study demonstrated the ethics education approaches used within the LEP could assist health science students to apply ethical leadership in future clinical practice.
Nonmonotone Globalization for Anderson Acceleration via Adaptive Regularization
Authors: Ouyang Wenqing , Tao Jiong , Milzarek Andre , Deng Bailin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnderson acceleration ($$\textsf{AA}$$
AA
) is a popular method for accelerating fixed-point iterations, but may suffer from instability and stagnation. We propose a globalization method for $$\textsf{AA}$$
AA
to improve stability and achieve unified global and local convergence. Unlike existing $$\textsf{AA}$$
AA
globalization approaches that rely on safeguarding operations and might hinder fast local convergence, we adopt a nonmonotone trust-region framework and introduce an adaptive quadratic regularization together with a tailored acceptance mechanism. We prove global convergence and show that our algorithm attains the same local convergence as $$\textsf{AA}$$
AA
under appropriate assumptions. The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated in several numerical experiments.
Thermal analysis of tendon, cartilage and bone samples from shoulder joint replacement patients using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (DTA/TG)
Authors: Lőrinczy Dénes , Bata András , Lábas Zoltán , Shafiei Farid , Szabó Hajnalka , Cifra János , Nöt Laszlo G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite advanced imaging techniques, more information on the extent of joint degeneration and modifications in tendon collagen content is required for selecting the appropriate type of shoulder prosthesis. The goal of this study was to compare the thermal parameters of various tissue samples from patients who had shoulder arthroplasty and to correlate the thermal shifts with the outcomes of radiological and histopathological assessments. Rotator cuff (ROC) tendon, hyaline cartilage, and subchondral bone samples were obtained throughout surgery for a comminuted 4-part proximal humerus fracture or cuff tear arthropathy. Thermal parameters were measured using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry (DTA/TG). ROC: The effect of advanced collagen damage was visible in denaturation curves of osteoarthritis samples. Only moderately increased thermal enthalpy and melting temperature were found in the tissue of the trauma patients. Cartilage: Thermal parameters revealed that structural change generated by pathologic conditions exceeded the effects of trauma. Bone: Thermal parameters from degenerative samples revealed more structural damage and calcification decrease than thermal parameters from trauma samples. Correlation: A statistically significant relationship between the extent of osteoarthritis and the thermal variables of cartilage and subchondral bone was discovered. Authors suggest that thermal analysis may be useful in the diagnostic process of orthopedic and posttraumatic shoulder diseases.
A novel and accurate deep learning-based Covid-19 diagnostic model for heart patients
Authors: Hassan Ahmed , Elhoseny Mohamed , Kayed Mohammed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUsing radiographic changes of COVID-19 in the medical images, artificial intelligence techniques such as deep learning are used to extract some graphical features of COVID-19 and present a Covid-19 diagnostic tool. Differently from previous works that focus on using deep learning to analyze CT scans or X-ray images, this paper uses deep learning to scan electro diagram (ECG) images to diagnose Covid-19. Covid-19 patients with heart disease are the most people exposed to violent symptoms of Covid-19 and death. This shows that there is a special, unclear relation (until now) and parameters between covid-19 and heart disease. So, as previous works, using a general diagnostic model to detect covid-19 from all patients, based on the same rules, is not accurate as we prove later in the practical section of our paper because the model faces dispersion in the data during the training process. So, this paper aims to propose a novel model that focuses on diagnosing accurately Covid-19 for heart patients only to increase the accuracy and to reduce the waiting time of a heart patient to perform a covid-19 diagnosis. Also, we handle the only one existed dataset that contains ECGs of Covid-19 patients and produce a new version, with the help of a heart diseases expert, which consists of two classes: ECGs of heart patients with positive Covid-19 and ECGs of heart patients with negative Covid-19 cases. This dataset will help medical experts and data scientists to study the relation between Covid-19 and heart patients. We achieve overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity 99.1%, 99% and 100%, respectively.
The role of intelligences in teams: a systematic literature review
Authors: Davaei Mahboobeh , Gunkel Marjaana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith organizations moving towards team-based structures, there is a great interest in studying organizational teams. Using a comprehensive, thorough, and systematic literature review, this study reviews the existing studies that have contributed to the importance of intelligences in various types of teams. This study intends to structure existing research, identify its current trends, and provide an overview of recent research strands and topics on the role of intelligences in organizational teams. Searches were conducted of Web of Science and EBSCO databases, and 44 eligible studies, published in Chartered Association of Business Schools (ABS) ≥ 2-star journals, were identified. The results indicate that cognitive ability, emotional intelligence, and cultural intelligence can be considered important factors contributing to various team-related outcomes. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate a growing interest in research on global virtual teams, which is a trend that is predicted to continue. Suggestions for future research directions are discussed.
Geophysical structural interpretation of Esh El Mallaha basin, southern Gulf of Suez: implications for oil potential in South Malak and Rabeh fields
Authors: Elbahrawy Ahmed , Omran Mohammad A. , Khamees Hossam , Sarhan Mohammad A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEsh El Mellaha area is located at the western margin of the Gulf of Suez rift system. It is one of the most important potential hydrocarbon resources in the north Eastern Desert. Satellite images, field observations (e.g. measure relevant structures, lineaments mapping, compile maps at the outcrops) and seismic data were used to delineate the surface and subsurface structural elements of the area west of Esh El Mellaha range. The present study revealed that, the main structural trends have the directions NW–SE, NE–SW to NNW–SSE, WNW–ESE and ENE–WSW. The NW–SE trending faults are the major dominating trend which is related to the Gulf of Suez rift opening. The seismic interpretation step led to the identification of four prominent continuous reflectors and five depositional seismic sequences. The recognised seismic reflectors were named; Q, F, R and K and ranging in age from the Lower Miocene to the Middle–Upper Miocene. The petrophysical examination exhibits good reservoir quality for the sandstones of Matulla Formation in Rabeh and South Malak fields, southern Esh El Mellaha area. These reservoirs display low shale volume (5–20%); high effective porosity (10–20%), relatively low water saturation (40–55%) and pay thickness varies between 30 and 85 ft. Accordingly, this study highlights the oil potentiality of the Matulla sandstones for further exploration purposes in both Rabeh and South Malak fields.