bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Auto-accelerated dehydrogenation of alkane assisted by in-situ formed olefins over boron nitride under aerobic conditions
Authors: Liu Zhankai , Liu Ziyi , Fan Jie , Lu Wen-Duo , Wu Fan , Gao Bin , Sheng Jian , Qiu Bin , Wang Dongqi , Lu An-Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of alkane over boron nitride (BN) catalyst exhibits high olefin selectivity as well as a small ecological carbon footprint. Here we report an unusual phenomenon that the in-situ formed olefins under reactions are in turn actively accelerating parent alkane conversion over BN by interacting with hydroperoxyl and alkoxyl radicals and generating reactive species which promote oxidation of alkane and olefin formation, through feeding a mixture of alkane and olefin and DFT calculations. The isotope tracer studies reveal the cleavage of C-C bond in propylene when co-existing with propane, directly evidencing the deep-oxidation of olefins occur in the ODH reaction over BN. Furthermore, enhancing the activation of ethane by the in-situ formed olefins from propane is successfully realized at lower temperature by co-feeding alkane mixture strategy. This work unveils the realistic ODH reaction pathway over BN and provides an insight into efficiently producing olefins.
Progressive brain abnormalities in schizophrenia across different illness periods: a structural and functional MRI study
Authors: Shen Chen-Lan , Tsai Shih-Jen , Lin Ching-Po , Yang Albert C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSchizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder, and neuroimaging abnormalities have been reported in different stages of the illness for decades. However, when and how these brain abnormalities occur and evolve remains undetermined. We hypothesized structural and functional brain abnormalities progress throughout the illness course at different rates in schizophrenia. A total of 115 patients with schizophrenia were recruited and stratified into three groups of different illness periods: 5-year group (illness duration: ≤5 years), 15-year group (illness duration: 12–18 years), and 25-year group (illness duration: ≥25 years); 230 healthy controls were matched by age and sex to the three groups, respectively. All participants underwent resting-state MRI scanning. Each group of patients with schizophrenia was compared with the corresponding controls in terms of voxel-based morphometry (VBM), fractional anisotropy (FA), global functional connectivity density (gFCD), and sample entropy (SampEn) abnormalities. In the 5-year group we observed only SampEn abnormalities in the putamen. In the 15-year group, we observed VBM abnormalities in the insula and cingulate gyrus and gFCD abnormalities in the temporal cortex. In the 25-year group, we observed FA abnormalities in nearly all white matter tracts, and additional VBM and gFCD abnormalities in the frontal cortex and cerebellum. By using two structural and two functional MRI analysis methods, we demonstrated that individual functional abnormalities occur in limited brain areas initially, functional connectivity and gray matter density abnormalities ensue later in wider brain areas, and structural connectivity abnormalities involving almost all white matter tracts emerge in the third decade of the course in schizophrenia.
Structural basis of broad-spectrum β-lactam resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Alexander J. Andrew N. , Worrall Liam J. , Hu Jinhong , Vuckovic Marija , Satishkumar Nidhi , Poon Raymond , Sobhanifar Solmaz , Rosell Federico I. , Jenkins Joshua , Chiang Daniel , Mosimann Wesley A. , Chambers Henry F. , Paetzel Mark , Chatterjee Som S. , Strynadka Natalie C. J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBroad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus is a global healthcare burden1,2. In clinical strains, resistance is largely controlled by BlaR13, a receptor that senses β-lactams through the acylation of its sensor domain, inducing transmembrane signalling and activation of the cytoplasmic-facing metalloprotease domain4. The metalloprotease domain has a role in BlaI derepression, inducing blaZ (β-lactamase PC1) and mecA (β-lactam-resistant cell-wall transpeptidase PBP2a) expression3–7. Here, overcoming hurdles in isolation, we show that BlaR1 cleaves BlaI directly, as necessary for inactivation, with no requirement for additional components as suggested previously8. Cryo-electron microscopy structures of BlaR1—the wild type and an autocleavage-deficient F284A mutant, with or without β-lactam—reveal a domain-swapped dimer that we suggest is critical to the stabilization of the signalling loops within. BlaR1 undergoes spontaneous autocleavage in cis between Ser283 and Phe284 and we describe the catalytic mechanism and specificity underlying the self and BlaI cleavage. The structures suggest that allosteric signalling emanates from β-lactam-induced exclusion of the prominent extracellular loop bound competitively in the sensor-domain active site, driving subsequent dynamic motions, including a shift in the sensor towards the membrane and accompanying changes in the zinc metalloprotease domain. We propose that this enhances the expulsion of autocleaved products from the active site, shifting the equilibrium to a state that is permissive of efficient BlaI cleavage. Collectively, this study provides a structure of a two-component signalling receptor that mediates action—in this case, antibiotic resistance—through the direct cleavage of a repressor.
RNA recording in single bacterial cells using reprogrammed tracrRNAs
Authors: Jiao Chunlei , Reckstadt Claas , König Fabian , Homberger Christina , Yu Jiaqi , Vogel Jörg , Westermann Alexander J. , Sharma Cynthia M. , Beisel Chase L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCapturing an individual cell’s transcriptional history is a challenge exacerbated by the functional heterogeneity of cellular communities. Here, we leverage reprogrammed tracrRNAs (Rptrs) to record selected cellular transcripts as stored DNA edits in single living bacterial cells. Rptrs are designed to base pair with sensed transcripts, converting them into guide RNAs. The guide RNAs then direct a Cas9 base editor to target an introduced DNA target. The extent of base editing can then be read in the future by sequencing. We use this approach, called TIGER (transcribed RNAs inferred by genetically encoded records), to record heterologous and endogenous transcripts in individual bacterial cells. TIGER can quantify relative expression, distinguish single-nucleotide differences, record multiple transcripts simultaneously and read out single-cell phenomena. We further apply TIGER to record metabolic bet hedging and antibiotic resistance mobilization inEscherichia colias well as host cell invasion bySalmonella. Through RNA recording, TIGER connects current cellular states with past transcriptional states to decipher complex cellular responses in single cells.
BfmRS encodes a regulatory system involved in light signal transduction modulating motility and desiccation tolerance in the human pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Perez Mora Bárbara , Giordano Rocío , Permingeat Valentín , Calderone Malena , Arana Natalia , Müller Gabriela , Rodríguez Ramiro E. , Krasauskas Renatas , Mussi María Alejandra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe have previously shown that Acinetobacter baumannii as well as other relevant clinical bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, perceive and respond to light at 37 °C, the normal temperature in mammal hosts. In this work, we present evidence indicating that the two-component system BfmRS transduces a light signal in A. baumannii at this temperature, showing selective involvement of the BfmR and BfmS components depending on the specific cellular process. In fact, both BfmR and BfmS participate in modulation of motility by light, while only BfmR is involved in light regulation of desiccation tolerance in this microorganism. Neither BfmR nor BfmS contain a photoreceptor domain and then most likely, the system is sensing light indirectly. Intriguingly, this system inhibits blsA expression at 37 °C, suggesting antagonistic functioning of both signaling systems. Furthermore, we present evidence indicating that the phosphorylatable form of BfmR represses motility. Overall, we provide experimental evidence on a new biological function of this multifaceted system that broadens our understanding of A. baumannii’s physiology and responses to light.
Both age and social environment shape the phenotype of ant workers
Authors: Quque Martin , Brun Charlotte , Villette Claire , Sueur Cédric , Criscuolo François , Heintz Dimitri , Bertile Fabrice 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPosition within the social group has consequences on individual lifespans in diverse taxa. This is especially obvious in eusocial insects, where workers differ in both the tasks they perform and their aging rates. However, in eusocial wasps, bees and ants, the performed task usually depends strongly on age. As such, untangling the effects of social role and age on worker physiology is a key step towards understanding the coevolution of sociality and aging. We performed an experimental protocol that allowed a separate analysis of these two factors using four groups of black garden ant (Lasius niger) workers: young foragers, old foragers, young nest workers, and old nest workers. We highlighted age-related differences in the proteome and metabolome of workers that were primarily related to worker subcaste and only secondarily to age. The relative abundance of proteins and metabolites suggests an improved xenobiotic detoxification, and a fuel metabolism based more on lipid use than carbohydrate use in young ants, regardless of their social role. Regardless of age, proteins related to the digestive function were more abundant in nest workers than in foragers. Old foragers were mostly characterized by weak abundances of molecules with an antibiotic activity or involved in chemical communication. Finally, our results suggest that even in tiny insects, extended lifespan may require to mitigate cancer risks. This is consistent with results found in eusocial rodents and thus opens up the discussion of shared mechanisms among distant taxa and the influence of sociality on life history traits such as longevity.
Hungarian, lazy, and biased: the role of analytic thinking and partisanship in fake news discernment on a Hungarian representative sample
Authors: Faragó Laura , Krekó Péter , Orosz Gábor 
Published: January 2023

Abstract“Why do people believe blatantly inaccurate news headlines? Do we use our reasoning abilities to convince ourselves that statements that align with our ideology are true, or does reasoning allow us to effectively differentiate fake from real regardless of political ideology?” These were the questions of Pennycook and Rand (2019), and they are more than actual three years later in Eastern Europe (especially in Hungary) in the light of the rise of populism, and the ongoing war in Ukraine – with the flood of disinformation that follows. In this study, using a representative Hungarian sample (N = 991) we wanted to answer the same questions—moving one step forward and investigating alternative models. We aimed to extend the original research with the examination of digital literacy and source salience on media truth discernment. Most of the observations of Pennycook and Rand were confirmed: people with higher analytic thinking were better at discerning disinformation. However, the results are in line with the synergistic integrative model as partisanship interacted with cognitive reflection: anti-government voters used their analytic capacities to question both concordant and discordant fake news more than pro-government voters. Furthermore, digital literacy increased detection, but source salience did not matter when perceiving disinformation.
Changes in intracellular energetic and metabolite states due to increased galactolipid levels in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942
Authors: Kondo Kumiko , Yoshimi Rina , Apdila Egi Tritya , Wakabayashi Ken-ichi , Awai Koichiro , Hisabori Toru 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe lipid composition of thylakoid membranes is conserved from cyanobacteria to green plants. However, the biosynthetic pathways of galactolipids, the major components of thylakoid membranes, are known to differ substantially between cyanobacteria and green plants. We previously reported on a transformant of the unicellular rod-shaped cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, namely SeGPT, in which the synthesis pathways of the galactolipids monogalactosyldiacylglycerol and digalactosyldiacylglycerol are completely replaced by those of green plants. SeGPT exhibited increased galactolipid content and could grow photoautotrophically, but its growth rate was slower than that of wild-type S. elongatus PCC 7942. In the present study, we investigated pleiotropic effects that occur in SeGPT and determined how its increased lipid content affects cell proliferation. Microscopic observations revealed that cell division and thylakoid membrane development are impaired in SeGPT. Furthermore, physiological analyses indicated that the bioenergetic state of SeGPT is altered toward energy storage, as indicated by increased levels of intracellular ATP and glycogen. We hereby report that we have identified a new promising candidate as a platform for material production by modifying the lipid synthesis system in this way.
Synergistic effects of applying static magnetic fields and diazepam to improve EEG abnormalities in the pilocarpine epilepsy rat model
Authors: de Labra Carmen , Cudeiro Javier , Rivadulla Casto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe lithium-pilocarpine rat model is a well-known model of temporal epilepsy. Recently we found that transcranial static magnetic stimulation (tSMS) delay and reduce the signs of EEG in this model. We aim to test the effect of combining the therapeutic action of tSMS and diazepam, a drug used to treat status epilepticus. We induce epilepsy in 12 Sprague–Dawley rats. Animals were classified as “magnet” when a magnetic neodymium cylinder was placed over the skull or “control” when a stainless-steel replica was used. Diazepam was injected 60-min after the second doses of pilocarpine injection. We found a reduction in the number of spikes/minute for magnet condition compared with sham condition, reaching significance at 60 min after diazepam injection. The Root-Mean-Square shown a significant reduction in magnet animals compared with those receiving diazepam (Tukey’s-test 30 and 60 min after diazepam injection, p < 0.01; 40 and 50 min after diazepam injection, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the power spectrum analysis shown a reduction in delta, theta, alpha and beta bands, on the diazepam + magnet animals compared to the diazepam + sham group. Analysis of high-frequency oscillations revealed an increased in the ripples due to pilocarpine being reduced by diazepam. Our results demonstrate that application of tSMS previously to diazepam potentiates the effect of the drug by reducing the electroencephalographic pattern associated with epileptiform discharges. We suggest a new synergistic cooperation between pharmacology and neuromodulation as a future treatment for epilepsy.
Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 associates with physical inactivity in a cohort of COVID-19 survivors
Authors: Gil Saulo , Gualano Bruno , de Araújo Adriana Ladeira , de Oliveira Júnior Gersiel Nascimento , Damiano Rodolfo Furlan , Pinna Fabio , Imamura Marta , Rocha Vanderson , Kallas Esper , Batistella Linamara Rizzo , Forlenza Orestes V. , de Carvalho Carlos R. R. , Busatto Geraldo Filho , Roschel Hamilton ,   HCFMUSP COVID-19 Study Group, Utiyama Edivaldo , Segurado Aluisio , Perondi Beatriz , Morais Anna Miethke , Montal Amanda , Letaif Leila , Fusco Solange , da Silva Marjorie Fregonesi Rodrigues , Rocha Marcelo , Marcilio Izabel , Rios Izabel Cristina , Kawano Fabiane Yumi Ogihara , de Jesus Maria Amélia , Kallas Ésper Georges , Carmo Carolina , Tanaka Clarice , de Souza Heraldo Possolo , Marchini Julio F. M. , Carvalho Carlos , Ferreira Juliana Carvalho , de Oliveira Maura Salaroli , Guimarães Thaís , dos Santos Lázari Carolina , da Silva Duarte Alberto José , Sabino Ester , Magri Marcello Mihailenko Chaves , Barros-Filho Tarcisio E. P. , Francisco Maria Cristina Peres Braido 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether Post-acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC) are associated with physical inactivity in COVID-19 survivors. This is a cohort study of COVID-19 survivors discharged from a tertiary hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Patients admitted as inpatients due to laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 between March and August 2020 were consecutively invited for a follow-up in-person visit 6 to 11 months after hospitalization. Ten symptoms of PASC were assessed using standardized scales. Physical activity was assessed by questionnaire and participants were classified according to WHO Guidelines. 614 patients were analyzed (age: 56 ± 13 years; 53% male). Frequency of physical inactivity in patients exhibiting none, at least 1, 1–4, and 5 or more symptoms of PASC was 51%, 62%, 58%, and 71%, respectively. Adjusted models showed that patients with one or more persistent PASC symptoms have greater odds of being physically inactive than those without any persistent symptoms (OR: 1.57 [95% CI 1.04–2.39], P = 0.032). Dyspnea (OR: 2.22 [1.50–3.33], P < 0.001), fatigue (OR: 2.01 [1.40–2.90], P < 0.001), insomnia (OR: 1.69 [1.16–2.49], P = 0.007), post-traumatic stress (OR: 1.53 [1.05–2.23], P = 0.028), and severe muscle/joint pain (OR: 1.53 [95% CI 1.08–2.17], P = 0.011) were associated with greater odds of being physically inactive. This study suggests that PASC is associated with physical inactivity, which itself may be considered as a persistent symptom among COVID-19 survivors. This may help in the early identification of patients who could benefit from additional interventions tailored to combat inactivity (even after treatment of PASC), with potential beneficial impacts on overall morbidity/mortality and health systems worldwide.
Adjusted green HPLC determination of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir in the new FDA approved co-packaged pharmaceutical dosage using supported computational calculations
Authors: Imam Mohamed S. , Batubara Afnan S. , Gamal Mohammed , Abdelazim Ahmed H. , Almrasy Ahmed A. , Ramzy Sherif 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe greening of analytical methods has gained interest in the quantitative analysis field to reduce environmental impact and improve safety health conditions for analysts. Nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir is a new FDA approved co-packaged medication developed for the treatment of COVID-19. The aim of this research was to develop green fitted HPLC method using pre experimental computational testing of different stationary phases as well as selecting mobile phase regarding to green analytical chemistry principles.Computational study was designed to test the physical interaction between nirmatrelvir and ritonavir and different columns (C8, C18, Cyano column). The study showed that the C18 column was better for simultaneous HPLC analysis of the cited drugs. Regarding to green point of view, mobile phase consisted of ethanol: water (80:20, v/v) provided an efficient chromatographic separation of nirmatrelvir and ritonavir within a short analytical run time, reasonable resolution and excellent sensitivity. Isocratic elution was performed on a selected C18 column and a green adjusted mobile phase at flow rate of 1 mL/min and UV detection at 215 nm. The chromatographic system allowed complete baseline separation with retention times of 4.9 min for nirmatrelvir and 6.8 min for ritonavir. The method succeeded to determine nirmatrelvir and ritonavir over the concentration range of 1.0–20.0 μg/mL in the pure form and in pharmaceutical dosage form. Greenness profiles of the applied HPLC method was assessed using analytical eco-scale, the green analytical procedure index and the AGREE evaluation method. The results revealed adherence of the described method to the green analytical chemistry principles. The authors hope to provide a promising challenge for achieving green goals through integrating computational tools and applying them with green assessment metrics.
Increased end-stage renal disease risk in age-related macular degeneration: a nationwide cohort study with 10-year follow-up
Authors: Jung Wonyoung , Park Junhee , Jang Hye Ryoun , Jeon Junseok , Han Kyungdo , Kim Bongseong , Yoon Je Moon , Lim Dong Hui , Shin Dong Wook 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCommon etiologies between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and kidney disease advocate a close link between AMD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, the risk of ESRD in people with AMD was not reported. Here, we investigated the association between AMD and the risk of ESRD by using a nationwide, population-based cohort data in Korea. 4,206,862 participants aged 50 years or older were categorized by presence of AMD and visual disability. Risk of ESRD was the primary outcome. Cox regression hazard model was used to examine the hazard ratios (HRs) with adjustment for potential confounders. Stratified analyses by age, sex, baseline kidney function, and cardiometabolic comorbidities were performed. During the mean 9.95 years of follow-up, there were 21,759 incident ESRD events (0.52%). AMD was associated with 33% increased risk of ESRD (adjusted HR [aHR] 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24–1.44), and the risk was even higher when accompanied by visual disability (aHR 2.05, 95% CI 1.68–2.50) than when not (aHR 1.26, 95% CI 1.17–1.37). Age, baseline kidney function, and cardiometabolic comorbidities significantly interact between AMD and the risk of ESRD. Our findings have clinical implications on disease prevention and risk factor management of ESRD in patients with AMD.
Magnetic moment impact on spin-dependent Seebeck coefficient of ferromagnetic thin films
Authors: Portavoce Alain , Assaf Elie , Bertoglio Maxime , Narducci Dario , Bertaina Sylvain 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMagnetic materials may be engineered to produce thermoelectric materials using spin-related effects. However, clear understanding of localized magnetic moments (µI), free carriers, and Seebeck coefficient (S) interrelations is mandatory for efficient material design. In this work, we investigate µI influence on the spin-dependent S of model ferromagnetic thin films, allowing µI thermal fluctuations, ordering, and density variation influence to be independently investigated. µI influence on free carrier polarization is found to be of highest importance on S: efficient coupling of free carrier spin and localized magnetic moment promotes the increase of S, while spin-dependent relaxation time difference between the two spin-dependent conduction channels leads to S decrease. Our observations support new routes for thermoelectric material design based on spin-related effects in ferromagnetic materials.