bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytic and heuristic process for prudent antimicrobial use in animals: What are triggers and how do they work?
Authors: Wang Mingliang , Gong Shunlong , Bai Li , Liang Luyu , Weng Zhenlin , Tang Jin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe over and misuse of antimicrobials in animal agriculture causes a prevailing crisis for humans, animals, and the environment. From the One Health approach perspective, the formation process of adopting prudent antimicrobial use (AMU), once established, can be used to mitigate this crisis. The study aimed to determine the analytic‐based and heuristic‐based process that evoked prudent AMU among animal farmers by synthesis of stimulus‐organism‐response framework and dual‐system theory and to explore gender differences on risk–benefit trade‐offs. A structural equation model was employed to test the proposed hypotheses with field survey data from 1100 small‐scale farmers. The results reveal that for the analytic‐based process, social influence, antimicrobial‐related threats, and self‐efficacy are all salient stimuli having indirect effects on intention via the two organisms of perceived risks and perceived benefits. For heuristic‐based process, farmers’ altruistic value orientations are positively associated with intention. An interesting fact is that threat awareness has two opposite effects on intention, namely, the suppression effect and the enhancement effect. Moreover, the negative effect of perceived risks on intention is greater among female farmers, compared to male counterparts. These findings provide valuable insights for the forming of theory‐based intervention strategies to perfect China's national action plan.
Evaluating diffusion in policy designs: A study of net metering policies in the United States
Authors: Gregoire‐Zawilski Myriam , Siddiki Saba 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the United States, some of the most important environmental policy innovations of the past decades have occurred at the state level. Net metering policy is one kind of policy that states have widely adopted in support of decarbonization goals. The widespread adoption of net metering policies varying in policy design, defined here as policy content, offers an opportunity to investigate to what extent policies that diffuse widely bear comparable designs, and furthermore, what factors influence diffusion in policy designs. Availing these opportunities, in this paper, we investigate (1) how (dis‐)similar the designs of American states' original net metering policies were; and (2) what factors explain the diffusion of policies that share similar design elements. To support our investigation, we model using event history analysis in a directed dyad setting, the factors that explain differential duration to adoption of net metering legislation containing specific elements of design by policy receiver states. We find that bipartisan legislatures are more likely to adopt the majority of design elements. This suggests that net metering appeals to policy makers across the political spectrum and that the latter compromise in integrating elements of policy design that benefit or burden different constituents. We also find that over time, states become less likely to emulate policy designs from jurisdictions whose citizenry embraces dissimilar values, suggesting that policy makers learn to tailor incentives to their local policy targets.
Review of minimally invasive surgical procedures for assessment and treatment of medial coronoid process disease
Authors: Burton Neil J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo summarize the current peer‐reviewed publications on minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for medial coronoid process disease (MCPD) in dogs.Study designInvited review.MethodsPubmed, CAB Abstracts and Scopus databases were utilized for literature review (1990–2023).ResultsMore than 60 papers have been published that involve MIS evaluation or treatment of MCPD. Six prospective trials incorporated quantitative gait analysis evaluating outcome following MCPD debridement, of which three included a control group. Whilst case numbers were limited, all studies employing a control group failed to demonstrate superiority of surgery over nonsurgical management. Of three studies employing gait analysis and no control group, all documented some improvement in function compared to pretreatment lameness. Multiple studies document progression of osteoarthritis in dogs following MCPD debridement although this may not be synonymous with worsened function. Subtotal coronoid osteotomy (SCO) is described as an alternative to MCP fragment removal, although the long‐term biomechanical consequences are currently unclear and quantitative data on the efficacy of this treatment in isolation for MCPD is awaited.ConclusionArthroscopy of the canine elbow joint is a safe means by which to evaluate MCP pathology. Quantitative longitudinal analysis of outcome following minimally invasive surgery for MCPD is required. Correlation with clearly defined subclassification inclusion criteria such as age, incongruity and the precise arthroscopic findings in each case are required to more accurately differentiate any superiority of surgery over nonsurgical management for this disease.
Impact of PpSpi1, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell wall glycoprotein, on cell wall defects of N-glycosylation-engineered
Pichia pastoris
Authors: Zhu Quanchao , Jia Zuyuan , Song Yuchao , Dou Weiwang , Scharf Daniel Henry , Wu Xiaodan , Xu Zhihao , Guan Wenjun 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

In order to produce therapeutic glycoproteins modified with human-like N-glycan structures, much progress has been achieved toward the humanization of N-glycosylation pathways in yeasts. In this study, a
Pichia pastoris
mutant Glyco4, which has a humanized N-glycosylation pathway and could successfully generate the human-like N-glycans, was carefully characterized. Glyco4 displays a significant growth delay and cell wall defects. Comparative transcriptomics reveals that manipulating the N-glycosylation pathway could notably affect the expression pattern of numerous biological pathways in Glyco4. Among the differentially expressed genes, the down-regulation of Pp
SPI1
was proven to be the main cause of the cell wall defects in Glyco4. Deletion of Pp
SPI1
in
P. pastoris
GS115 strain presented growth delay and weaker resistance to cell wall/membrane perturbing agents. PpSpi1 was shown to be a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cell wall glycoprotein and involved in the formation of the mannoprotein layer on the outer surface of cell wall. Overexpressing Pp
SPI1
in Glyco4 could partially recover the cell wall defects and also improve its resistance to cell wall perturbing agents and osmotic stress. Thus, overexpression of PpSpi1 is a useful strategy to facilitate
P. pastoris
industrial applications in the manufacture of human glycoproteins.

IMPORTANCE

Engineering of biological pathways in various microorganisms is a promising direction for biotechnology. Since the existing microbial cells have evolved over a long period of time, any artificial engineering may cause some unexpected and harmful effects on them. Systematically studying and evaluating these engineered strains are very important and necessary. In order to produce therapeutic proteins with human-like N-glycan structures, much progress has been achieved toward the humanization of N-glycosylation pathways in yeasts. The properties of a
P. pastoris
strain with humanized N-glycosylation machinery were carefully evaluated in this study. Our work has identified a key glycoprotein (PpSpi1) responsible for the poor growth and morphological defects of this glycoengineered strain. Overexpression of PpSpi1 could significantly rescue the growth defect of the glycoengineered
P. pastoris
and facilitate its future industrial applications.
The Work of a Mathematician As a Prefiguring of Mastering Mathematics by Students: The Role of Experiments
Authors: Vishnyakov Yu. S. , Semenov A. L. , Shabat G. B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper considers an approach to mathematical education adequate to the task of developing mathematics and its applications in the 21th century. This approach is based on improving the efficiency of the educational process by maintaining the motivation of students of various categories. The basis for the formation of motivation is, on the one hand, independent design; invention of mathematical objects, methods of action, and models of the world around us; and the discovery of facts of mathematical reality and, on the other hand, solving of new, unexpected, and feasible tasks for the student. The student’s work is similar to the work of a mathematician–researcher and programmer. The possibilities of research work in educational mathematics are significantly expanded due to computer-based intramathematic experiments. Debugging a computer program is a special kind of mathematical experiment.
Intensive care unit admission and associated factors in patients hospitalised for COVID-19: A national retrospective cohort study in Iran
Authors: Izadi Neda , Shahbazi Fatemeh , Mokhayeri Yaser , Seifi Arash , Taherpour Niloufar , Mehri Ahmad , Fallah Saeid , Sotoodeh Ghorbani Sahar , Farhadi-Babadi Kosar , Taherian Mohammad Reza , Rahimi Elham , Etemed Koorosh , Hashemi Nazari Seyed Saeed 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine factors associated with intensive care unit (ICU) admission in patients hospitalised due to COVID-19.DesignRetrospective cohort.SettingConfirmed hospitalised patients from all over Iran were considered for the study.ParticipantsAll patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital from March 2020 to May 2021 were included by census. ICU admission was defined by the following criteria: (1) admission to the ICU ward; (2) level of consciousness (loss of consciousness); and (3) use of invasive ventilation.MethodsThis is a secondary data analysis from the Medical Care Monitoring Center. The association between different variables and ICU admission was assessed by forward Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline method.ResultsThe mean age of the 1 469 620 patients with COVID-19 was 54.49±20.58 years old, and 51.32% of the patients were male. The prevalence of ICU admission was 19.19%. The mean age of patients admitted to the ICU was higher than that of other hospitalised patients (62.49±19.73 vs 52.59±20.31 years). The prevalence of ICU admission was 17.17% in the first, 21.52% in the second, 19.72% in the third, 21.43 in the fourth and 17.4% in the fifth wave. In the multivariable model, age groups, sex, waves of the epidemic, comorbidities and saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2) <93% and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were associated with an increased odds of ICU admission. The OR for ICU admission indicates a significant protective effect at a young age and then a significant risk factor for admission to the ICU ward at an old age.ConclusionsMen, older adults, people who suffer from ARDS, patients with SpO2levels of less than 93% and cases with comorbidities had the highest odds of ICU admission. Therefore, these groups should take all necessary precautions to avoid contracting COVID-19.
Prophylactic antibiotic use for infective endocarditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lean Sue S H , Jou Eric , Ho Jamie Sin Ying , Jou Ernest G L 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesInfective endocarditis (IE) is a devastating disease with a 50% 1-year mortality rate. In recent years, medical authorities across the globe advised stricter criteria for antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with high risk of IE undergoing dental procedures. Whether such recommendations may increase the risk of IE in at-risk patients must be investigated.DesignProspectively registered systematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcesMedline, Embase, Scopus and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched through 23 May 2022, together with an updated search on 5 August 2023.Eligibility criteriaAll primary studies reporting IE within 3 months of dental procedures in adults >18 years of age were included, while conference abstracts, reviews, case reports and case series involving fewer than 10 cases were excluded.Data extraction and synthesisAll studies were assessed by two reviewers independently, and any discrepancies were further resolved through a third researcher.ResultsOf the 3771 articles screened, 38 observational studies fit the inclusion criteria and were included in the study for subsequent analysis. Overall, 11% (95% CI 0.08 to 0.16, I2=100%) of IE are associated with recent dental procedures.Streptococcus viridansaccounted for 69% (95% CI 0.46 to 0.85) of IE in patients who had undergone recent dental procedures, compared with only 21% (95% CI 0.17 to 0.26) in controls (p=0.003). None of the high-risk patients developed IE across all studies where 100% of the patients were treated with prophylactic antibiotics, and IE patients are 12% more likely to have undergone recent dental manipulation compared with matched controls (95% CI 1.00 to 1.26, p=0.048).ConclusionsAlthough there is a lack of randomised control trials due to logistic difficulties in the literature on this topic, antibiotic prophylaxis are likely of benefit in reducing the incidence of IE in high-risk patients after dental procedures. Further well-designed high-quality case-control studies are required.Trial registration numberCRD42022326664.
Spread of local anesthetic injected in the paravertebral space, intertransverse processes space, and erector spinae plane: a cadaveric model
Authors: Varela Victor , Ruíz Carlos , Montecinos Sara , Prats-Galino Alberto , Sala-Blanch Xavier 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionParaspinal fascial plane blocks have become popular and include the erector spinae plane (ESP) and intertransverse process (ITP) blocks. Controversy exists regarding the exact mechanism(s) of these blocks. We aimed to evaluate the spread of local anesthetic (LA) following ESP and ITP blocks as compared with paravertebral (PV) blocks in a cadaveric model.MethodSingle-injection ultrasound guided ESP (n=5), ITP (n=5), and PV (n=5) blocks were performed in 15 fresh cadaver hemithoraces. The extent of LA spread within the erector spinae fascial plane, involvement of the dorsal ramus, and distribution within the PV space, were qualitatively described.ResultsThe spread of LA following ESP block extended eight vertebral levels in a cranio-caudal direction, involving the dorsal ramus at each level, but without LA spread into the PV space nor to the ventral rami. LA spread following ITP block extended 1–2 vertebral levels within the PV space and 7 vertebral levels within the erector spinae fascial plane. The spread of LA following PV blocks extended 2–4 vertebral levels, involving the ventral and dorsal ramus at each level, but without LA spread into the ESP.ConclusionBased on the results of this cadaveric experimental model of paraspinal fascial plane blocks, LA spread following ITP blocks extends into both the PV space and the erector spine fascial plane, and thus may offer a more favorable analgesic profile than ESP blocks.
Smoking and quality of life in lung cancer patients: systematic review
Authors: Halms Theresa , Strasser Martina , Hasan Alkomiet , Rüther Tobias , Trepel Martin , Raab Stephan , Gertzen Marcus 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesLung cancer (LC) accounts for the largest number of cancer deaths worldwide, with smoking being the leading cause for its development. While quality of life (QoL) is a crucial factor in the treatment of patients with LC, the impact of smoking status on QoL remains unclear. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of available evidence on the relationship between smoking status and QoL among patients with LC.MethodsA systematic search of Embase, Medline and Web of Science was conducted. Studies reporting the impact of smoking status on QoL among patients with LC were eligible for inclusion. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of studies, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme appraisal tool for cohort studies. A descriptive synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the studies.ResultsA total of 23 studies met the inclusion criteria (17 studies providing cross-sectional and 6 longitudinal data). The studies included a total of 10 251 participants. The results suggested a tendency towards lower QoL among smokers compared with non-smokers. The effect of smoking cessation on QoL was insufficiently investigated in the included studies and therefore remains inconclusive.ConclusionsThe findings of this review suggest that current smokers may experience worse QoL than former and never smokers. The results of this systematic review should, however, be viewed in the context of the difficulty of data collection in this patient group given the low survival rates and low performance status, among other factors and in light of the large variety of different QoL measures used. Future research requires uniform QoL measures, a holistic representation of all patients with LC as well as a comprehensive consideration of all potential determinants of QoL. The potential benefits of smoking cessation on QoL among patients with LC require investigation.
A risk-based labelling strategy for supplemented foods in Canada: consumer perspectives
Authors: Mansfield Elizabeth , Wahba Rana , Lafrenière Jacynthe , De Grandpré Elaine 
Published: August 2023

Unlike conventional foods, supplemented foods are prepackaged foods containing one or more added supplemental ingredients, such as vitamins, mineral nutrients, amino acids, and caffeine, which have historically been marketed as providing specific physiological benefits or health effects. These ingredients can pose a health risk if overconsumed by the general population or if consumed by certain vulnerable populations such as children or those who are pregnant. Consumer perspectives of a proposed risk-based multicomponent supplemented food labelling strategy to protect the health and safety of Canadians were explored using virtual discussion groups with participants ( n = 88) of varying socio-demographics and health literacy levels. Thematic content analysis of the discussions was conducted using core health literacy competencies of accessibility, understanding, and appraisal of the risk-based product labelling information. The front-of-package supplemented food caution identifier was attention grabbing and conveyed a message to search out and carefully consider the Supplemented Food Facts table and cautionary labelling elements on the back of the package. These back-of-package labelling elements enhanced awareness of the supplemental ingredients and the specific cautions for use of the supplemented food. This risk-based product labelling strategy, with multiple components, was perceived to be a useful strategy for distinguishing supplemented foods from conventional foods and enhancing awareness of the cautionary labelling. Educational strategies will be required to ensure that the health and safety risks associated with supplemented foods are understood so that consumers can make more informed consumption decisions. Novelty Risk-based labelling strategy for supplemented foods Strategy goes beyond the general requirements for prepackaged foods
Spectroscopic behavior of fully heavy tetraquarks
Authors: An Hong-Tao , Luo Si-Qiang , Liu Zhan-Wei , Liu Xiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStimulated by the observation of theX(6900) from LHCb in 2020 and the recent results from CMS and ATLAS in the di-$$J/\psi $$J/ψinvariant mass spectrum, in this work we systematically study all possible configurations for the ground states of fully heavy tetraquark in the constituent quark model. By our calculation, we present their spectroscopic behaviors including binding energy, lowest meson–meson thresholds, specific wave function, magnetic moment, transition magnetic moment, radiative decay width, rearrangement strong width ratio, internal mass contributions, relative lengths between (anti)quarks, and the spatial distribution of four valence (anti)quarks. We cannot find a stable S-wave state for the fully heavy tetraquark system. We hope that our results will be valuable to further experimental exploration of fully heavy tetraquark states.
Time to Reperfusion Is Not Associated With Functional Outcomes in First‐Pass Reperfusion: Analysis of the STRATIS Registry
Authors: Manning Nathan W. , Hassan Ameer E. , Liebeskind David S. , Mueller‐Kronast Nils H. , Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Nogueira Raul G. , Yavagal Dileep R. , Cheung Andrew , Wenderoth Jason , Zaidat Osama O. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Time is considered a fundamental driver of treatment success in ischemic stroke reperfusion therapy. First‐pass reperfusion (FPR) is associated with improved outcomes. We explored the association between time to reperfusion, FPR, and functional outcomes in an analysis of the STRATIS (Systematic Evaluation of Patients Treated With Neurothrombectomy Devices for Acute Ischemic Stroke) registry data.

Methods
Registry patients with anterior circulation stroke, treated with endovascular thrombectomy and achieving complete or near‐complete expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scale (eTICI) 2c/3 reperfusion per core laboratory assessment were included. FPR was considered eTICI 2c/3 reperfusion in a single device pass. Patients undergoing multipass reperfusion required ≥2 device passes to achieve the same, total, or near‐total reperfusion (eTICI 2c/3). Logistic regression was used to model functional independence, defined as a modified Rankin scale score of 0 to 2 at 3 months, as a function of time to reperfusion, comparing FPR and multipass reperfusion patient populations.

Results

Of the 984 patients in the STRATIS registry, 563 patients achieved eTICI 2c/3 reperfusion of anterior circulation large‐vessel occlusions and were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. In patients undergoing multipass reperfusion (n=186), increased time to treatment was associated with a decreased likelihood of a good clinical outcome. Odds ratio for every 60‐minute delay to treatment: 0.71 (95% CI, 0.55–0.90;
P
=0.005). However, in patients undergoing FPR (n=377), no association between increased time to treatment and good clinical outcomes was observed (odds ratio for every 60‐minute delay to treatment, 0.93 [95% CI, 0.79–1.09];
P
=0.347).

Conclusion
First‐pass reperfusion may compensate for the effects of delays to reperfusion on functional outcomes in ischemic stroke.