bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermally Drawn Elastomer Nanocomposites for Soft Mechanical Sensors
Authors: Leber Andreas , Laperrousaz Stella , Qu Yunpeng , Dong Chaoqun , Richard Inès , Sorin Fabien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStretchable and conductive nanocomposites are emerging as important constituents of soft mechanical sensors for health monitoring, human–machine interactions, and soft robotics. However, tuning the materials’ properties and sensor structures to the targeted mode and range of mechanical stimulation is limited by current fabrication approaches, particularly in scalable polymer melt techniques. Here, thermoplastic elastomer‐based nanocomposites are engineered and novel rheological requirements are proposed for their compatibility with fiber processing technologies, yielding meters‐long, soft, and highly versatile stretchable fiber devices. Based on microstructural changes in the nanofiller arrangement, the resistivity of the nanocomposite is tailored in its final device architecture across an entire order of magnitude as well as its sensitivity to strain via tuning thermal drawing processing parameters alone. Moreover, the prescribed electrical properties are coupled with suitable device designs and several fiber‐based sensors are proposed aimed at specific types of deformations: i) a robotic fiber with an integrated bending mechanism where changes as small as 5° are monitored by piezoresistive nanocomposite elements, ii) a pressure‐sensing fiber based on a geometrically controlled resistive signal that responds with a sub‐newton resolution to changes in pressing forces, and iii) a strain‐sensing fiber that tracks changes in capacitance up to 100% elongation.
The Tumorigenic Effect of lncRNA AFAP1‐AS1 is Mediated by Translated Peptide ATMLP Under the Control of m6A Methylation
Authors: Pei Hailong , Dai Yingchu , Yu Yongduo , Tang Jiaxin , Cao Zhifei , Zhang Yongsheng , Li Bingyan , Nie Jing , Hei Tom K. , Zhou Guangming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in eukaryotic transcripts have long been believed to regulate various aspects of cellular processes, including carcinogenesis. Herein, it is found that lncRNA AFAP1‐AS1 encodes a conserved 90‐amino acid peptide located on mitochondria, named lncRNA AFAP1‐AS1 translated mitochondrial‐localized peptide (ATMLP), and it is not the lncRNA but the peptide that promotes the malignancy of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). As the tumor progresses, the serum level of ATMLP increases. NSCLC patients with high levels of ATMLP display poorer prognosis. Translation of ATMLP is controlled by m6A methylation at the 1313 adenine locus of AFAP1‐AS1. Mechanistically, ATMLP binds to the 4‐nitrophenylphosphatase domain and non‐neuronal SNAP25‐like protein homolog 1 (NIPSNAP1) and inhibits its transport from the inner to the outer mitochondrial membrane, which antagonizes the NIPSNAP1‐mediated regulation of cell autolysosome formation. The findings uncover a complex regulatory mechanism of NSCLC malignancy orchestrated by a peptide encoded by a lncRNA. A comprehensive judgment of the application prospects of ATMLP as an early diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC is also made.
Complementary Inverter Based on n‐Type and p‐Type OFETs with the Same Ambipolar Organic Semiconductor and ITO S/D Electrodes
Authors: Han Jiangli , Rong Xin , Xu Chenhui , Deng Yunfeng , Geng Yanhou , Dong Guifang , Duan Lian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBottom‐gate and bottom‐contact n‐type and p‐type organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) are simultaneously obtained by combining the ambipolar semiconductor film of diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based conjugated polymer (P4FTVT‐C32) with indium tin oxide (ITO) source/drain (S/D) electrodes. P4FTVT‐C32 thin film exhibits n‐type unipolar property with the low work functional (WF) ITO S/D electrodes modified by polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) and it exhibits p‐type unipolar property with the high WF ITO S/D electrodes modified by HCl:InCl3. Hence, complementary inverters with transition voltages near VDD/2 and the maximum gain of 138 converting “1” state input into “0” state output are achieved by two different modifications via screen printing on ITO electrodes and then, only one‐time bar coating of P4FTVT‐C32. To further improve the performance and the uniformity of the OFET devices, the modification of octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) is also introduced. This work provides an easy‐handling method for the fabrication of low‐cost, high performance organic electronic devices and integrated circuits.
Synthesis and Characteristics of Transferrable Single‐Crystalline AlN Nanomembranes
Authors: Gong Jiarui , Zhou Jie , Wang Ping , Kim Tae‐Hyeon , Lu Kuangye , Min Seunghwan , Singh Ranveer , Sheikhi Moheb , Abbasi Haris Naeem , Vincent Daniel , Wang Ding , Campbell Neil , Grotjohn Timothy , Rzchowski Mark , Kim Jeehwan , Yu Edward T. , Mi Zetian , Ma Zhenqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSingle‐crystalline inorganic semiconductor nanomembranes (NMs) have attracted great attention over the last decade, which poses great advantages to complex device integration. Applications in heterogeneous electronics and flexible electronics have been demonstrated with various semiconductor nanomembranes. Single‐crystalline aluminum nitride (AlN), as an ultrawide‐bandgap semiconductor with great potential in applications such as high‐power electronics has not been demonstrated in its NM forms. This very first report demonstrates the creation, transfer‐printing, and characteristics of the high‐quality single‐crystalline AlN NMs. This work successfully transfers the AlN NMs onto various foreign substrates. The crystalline quality of the NMs has been characterized by a broad range of techniques before and after the transfer‐printing and no degradation in crystal quality has been observed. Interestingly, a partial relaxation of the tensile stress has been observed when comparing the original as‐grown AlN epi and the transferred AlN NMs. In addition, the transferred AlN NMs exhibits the presence of piezoelectricity at the nanoscale, as confirmed by piezoelectric force microscopy. This work also comments on the advantages and the challenges of the approach. Potentially, the novel approach opens a viable path for the development of the AlN‐based heterogeneous integration and future novel electronics and optoelectronics.
Intermediate‐Stage Sintered LLZO Scaffolds for Li‐Garnet Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Okur Faruk , Zhang Huanyu , Karabay Dogan Tarik , Muench Konrad , Parrilli Annapaola , Neels Antonia , Dachraoui Walid , Rossell Marta D. , Cancellieri Claudia , Jeurgens Lars P. H. , Kravchyk Kostiantyn V. , Kovalenko Maksym V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhile significant progress has been achieved in the field of Li‐garnet solid‐state batteries, their further development, is hindered by the formation of cavities at the Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO)/Li interface at practically relevant current densities and areal capacities exceeding 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2. As a result, the cells exhibit limited cycling stability due to the inhomogeneous distribution of the applied current density, and therefore, the formation of Li dendrites. Another aspect of high importance is associated with the development of the fabrication methodology of thin LLZO electrolytes for achieving the high energy density of Li‐garnet solid‐state batteries. To contribute to these two challenging problems, in this work, a facile intermediate‐stage sintering method of 50‐µm thin and porous LLZO membranes with a mean pore size of 2.5 µm is presented. The employment of such porous LLZO membranes not only provides an effective means of mitigating the formation of voids at the LLZO/Li interface due to the increased LLZO/Li surface area, but also maximizes achievable energy densities. It is demonstrated that fabricated porous LLZO membranes exhibit long cycling stability of over 1480 h at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2.
Benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]Difuran‐Based Polymer for Organic Solar Cells with 17.5% Efficiency via Halogenation‐Mediated Aggregation Control
Authors: Yuan Xiyue , Chen Honggang , Kim Seoyoung , Chen Yuting , Zhang Yue , Yang Mingqun , Chen Zhili , Yang Changduk , Wu Hongbin , Gao Xiang , Liu Zhitian , Duan Chunhui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe realization of high‐efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs) from renewable sources will bring a real green energy technology. Benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]difuran (BDF) is such a building block for photovoltaic polymers as it can be built from furfural, which is available from trees and vegetables. However, the device performance of BDF‐based polymers is limited by aggregation properties and unfavorable active layer morphology. Herein, two new BDF‐based wide bandgap‐conjugated polymers, PFCT‐2F and PFCT‐2Cl, are developed by copolymerizing the fluorinated or chlorinated BDF units with the 3‐cyanothiophene unit for use as electron donors in OSCs. Benefitting from the more rotatable nature of the side‐chain thiophene rings on the BDF unit, PFCT‐2Cl exhibits more adjustable aggregation, higher π–π stacking ordering, and appropriate miscibility with the electron acceptor. As a result, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.2% is offered by PFCT‐2Cl, which is nearly two times higher than that of PFCT‐2F (8.9%). A more remarkable PCE up to 17.5% is further achieved by PFCT‐2Cl in a ternary OSC, which is the new efficiency record for BDF‐based polymers. This success proves the critical role of aggregation control in BDF‐based polymers and the bright future for constructing high‐performance OSCs from bio‐renewable sources.
Amide‐Functional, Li3N/LiF‐Rich Heterostructured Electrode Electrolyte Interphases for 4.6 V Li||LiCoO2 Batteries
Authors: Liu Jiandong , Wu Mingguang , Li Xin , Wu Daxiong , Wang Huaping , Huang Junda , Ma Jianmin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEnhancing the charge cut‐off voltage of LiCoO2 at 4.6 V can improve the battery density, however, structural instability is a critical challenge (e.g., electrolyte decomposition, Co dissolution, and structural phase transition). Here, robust electrode electrolyte interphases (EEIs) with the high Li+ conductivity offered by polar amide groups and a Li3N/LiF heterostructure is constructed. 3‐(trifluoromethyl) phenyl isocyanate (3‐TPIC) is rationally designed as an electrolyte additive for sustaining a 4.6 V Li||LiCoO2 battery with such CEI, which can effectively address the challenge of structural instability. The polar amide group can achieve Li+ de‐solvation and increase Li+ transport. Li3N/LiF heterostructure in the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) can speed up the Li+ insertion/extraction for improving Coulombic efficiency and weakening polarization of LiCoO2 at 4.6 V. In addition, the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with a similar structure on the Li anode surface contributes to the uniform Li deposition for suppressing the Li dendrite growth. As expected, 4.6 V Li||LiCoO2 batteries with superior EEIs can deliver excellent electrochemical performance.
Unlocking the Ultrahigh‐Current‐Density Hydrogen Evolution on 2H‐MoS2 via Simultaneous Structural Control across Seven Orders of Magnitude
Authors: Han Wenqian , Ning Jing , Long Ying , Qiu Junjie , Jiang Wenfeng , Wang Yun , Shah Luqman Ali , Yang Dong , Dong Angang , Li Tongtao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMembers of transition metal dichalcogenides, particularly molybdenum disulfide, have been recognized as promising efficient and durable earth‐abundant catalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Despite the recent significant progress, the HER performance of MoS2 is still far from satisfactory, especially at high current densities. Here, a simultaneous multilevel structural control strategy is reported to cooperatively boost hydrogen evolution on 2H‐MoS2, unlocking its potential for practical hydrogen evolution at ampere‐level current densities. By confining the epitaxial growth of few‐layered, curved MoS2 nanosheets within a tubular mesoporous graphitic framework, one can achieve deliberate structural control of MoS2 across seven orders of magnitude on the length scale. The resulting MoS2@C supertubes, benefiting from their unique structural features across atomic‐to‐microscopic scales, are characterized by abundant edge sites and sulfur vacancies, facilitated charge and mass transport, and rapid gas bubble removal. As a consequence, such MoS2@C supertubes exhibit exceptional high‐current‐density HER activity surpassing previously reported 2H‐MoS2 catalysts and even commercial Pt/C catalysts. This work demonstrates the validity of multilevel structural engineering of 2H‐MoS2 by confinement growth, opening a viable route of developing low‐cost catalysts toward practical hydrogen evolution.
Chinese expert consensus on prevention and control interventions for older adults with physical functional impairment (2022)
Authors: Wu Jianqing , Chen Bo , Mao Yongjun , Li Siyuan , Zhao Weihong , Meng Dianhuai , Hu Song , Wang Jianye , Yu Pulin , Zhang Cuntai , Wu Jinhui ,   Geriatrics Branch, Chinese Medical Association, and the expert group of the Chinese Expert Consensus on Prevention and Control Interventions for Older Adults with Physical Functional Impairment
Published: March 2023

AbstractOlder adults are at high risk for functional impairment, which is closely related to sarcopenia, falls, and frailty. This seriously affects their quality of life and health, and places a heavy burden on society and families. Although domestic and foreign sports recommendations and prevention and control guidelines/expert consensus have been issued for healthy older adults and functional impairment‐related diseases, there is no guidance on prevention and control interventions for older adults with physical functional impairment. In China, there is insufficient understanding of the importance of prevention and control interventions for functional impairment in older adults, and there are many drawbacks, such as unstandardized diagnosis and treatment, and relatively simple intervention methods. Therefore, the consensus expert group formulated a consensus based on domestic and foreign guidelines related to functional impairment in older adults to provide guidance for Chinese medical professionals working in the field of geriatrics.
Sexual dimorphism in a dioecious species with complex, specialist‐pollinated flowers
Authors: Ushimaru Atushi , Seo Natsumi , Sakagami Kota , Funamoto Daichi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPremisePollinators with flower constancy and long nectar‐feeding organs should favor less or no sexual dimorphism in the individual flowers of dioecious plants. This hypothesis is deduced because such pollinators can discriminate between intersexual flower size differences, and morphological differences between male and female flowers often diminish pollen transfer.MethodsWe compared floral traits and pollinator behavior between male and female flowers in the hawkmoth‐pollinated species, Trichosanthes cucumeroides. In field studies, we removed petal fringes on both sexes and observed pollinators to assess the role of elaborate petal fringes in pollinator attraction and pollination success for each flower sex.ResultsFemale flowers had a similar front flower size and fringe extension as male flowers, supporting our hypothesis. In contrast, females allocated fewer resources to floral biomass. Additionally, they had smaller and narrower petal lobes, lower fringe density, shorter tubes with inferior nectar rewards, and lower display size than males, which is inconsistent with the hypothesis. Nocturnal hawkmoths prefer flowers with long fringe extensions. Fringe removal significantly decreased hawkmoth visitations to both female and male flowers but reduced success only in females. A literature survey indicated that female flowers of specialist‐pollinated species are similar in size or larger than the males and thus tend to attract more pollinators compared with female flowers of generalist‐pollinated species.ConclusionsFemale flowers have evolved fringe extensions that are similar to those of male flowers, likely increasing pollinator attraction even slightly, and had less biomass in other floral parts and produced less nectar compared with male flowers. Our findings imply that female‐biased resource limitation and flower‐size sensitivity of pollinators together exert sex‐specific selection of floral traits in T. cucumeroides.
Robot‐related fatalities at work in the United States, 1992–2017
Authors: Layne Larry A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndustrial robots became more commonplace in the US workplace during the mid‐ to latter part of the twentieth century. Recent scientific advances have led to the development of new types of robots, resulting in rapidly changing work environments. Information on occupational robot‐related fatalities is currently limited for this developing field.MethodsRobot fatalities were identified by a keyword search in restricted‐access research files from the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) surveillance system of the Bureau of Labor Statistics from the years 1992–2017.ResultsThere were 41 robot‐related fatalities identified by the keyword search during the 26‐year period of this study, 85% of which were males, with the most cases (29%) occurring within the age group 35–44 years. Fatalities occurred primarily with large employers that were geographically clustered, with the Midwest accounting for 46% of the total. Most of the cases involved stationary robots (83%) and robots striking the decedents while operating under their own power (78%). Many of these striking incidents occurred while maintenance was being performed on a robot.ConclusionsThe changing nature of robotics in the workplace suggests that emerging technologies may introduce new hazards in the workplace. Emerging technologies have led to an increase in the number of robots in the workplace and to increased human exposure to robotic machinery. These patterns demonstrate that public health professionals will likely face significant challenges to keep pace with developments in robotics to ensure the safety and health of workers across the country.
Venous malformation may be a feature of EXT1‐related hereditary multiple exostoses: A report of two unrelated probands
Authors: Albokhari Daniah , Bailey Christopher R. , Hwang Francis , Weiss Clifford R. , Forsberg Jonathan , Sobreira Nara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHereditary multiple exostoses (HME), also known as hereditary multiple osteochondroma (HMO), is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by pathogenic variants in exostosin‐1 or ‐2 (EXT1 or EXT2). It is characterized by the formation of multiple benign growing osteochondromas (exostoses) that most commonly affect the long bones; however, it may also occur throughout the body. Although many of these lesions are clinically asymptomatic, some can lead to chronic pain and skeletal deformities and interfere with adjacent neurovascular structures. Here, we report two unrelated probands that presented with a clinical and molecular diagnosis of HME with venous malformation, a clinical feature not previously reported in individuals with HME.
Mother‐offspring proximity maintenance as an infanticide avoidance strategy in bornean orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii)
Authors: Scott Amy M. , Susanto Tri Wayhu , Setia Tatang Mitra , Knott Cheryl D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSexually‐selected infanticide by males is widespread across primates. Maternal protection is one of many infanticide avoidance strategies employed by female primates. Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii) mothers with younger offspring are less social with males than mothers with older offspring. Additionally, the distance between a mother and offspring decreases in the presence of male conspecifics, but not female conspecifics. We hypothesized that mothers are responsible for the change in mother‐offspring proximity when males are present. Using a year of behavioral data from orangutans in Gunung Palung National Park, we tested whether the Hinde Index, a ratio of the number of approaches and leaves between two individuals, was indicative of mother or offspring proximity maintenance across different social groupings. The semi‐solitary social organization of orangutans allows us to observe different social groupings. We found that the mother‐offspring Hinde Index was typically indicative of offspring maintenance of proximity. However, the presence of male conspecifics was associated with an increase in the Hinde Index which indicates that mothers are responsible for the decrease in mother‐offspring distance when males are present. The decrease in mother‐offspring distances and increase in Hinde Index when males are present indicates that mothers react to the presence of males in a protective manner. We suggest this may be an infanticide avoidance behavior by mother orangutans.
A habitat stronghold on the precipice: A call‐to‐action for supporting lemur conservation in northeast Madagascar
Authors: Eppley Timothy M. , Borgerson Cortni , Patel Erik R. , Herrera James P. , Kirkby Andrew E. , Golden Christopher D. , Andriamahaihavana McAntonin , Andrianandrasana Lanto , Bóveda Antonio , Gibson Dean , Jaofeno Louis Joxe , Rakotondrasoa Fenohery , Ramahaleo Tiana A. , Rasamisoa Delaïd C. , Ratelolahy Felix , Razafindramanana Josia , Spira Charlotte , Welch Charles , Vasey Natalie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe northeast of Madagascar is as diverse as it is threatened. The area bordering the Analanjirofo and SAVA regions contains six protected areas and at least 22 lemur species. Many applied research and conservation programs have been established in the region with the aim of ensuring both wildlife and people thrive in the long term. While most of the remaining humid evergreen forest of northeast Madagascar is formally protected, the local human population depends heavily on the land, and unsustainable natural resource use threatens this biodiversity hotspot. Drawing from our collective experiences managing conservation activities and research programs in northeast Madagascar, we discuss the major threats to the region and advocate for eight conservation activities that help reduce threats and protect the environment, providing specific examples from our own programs. These include (1) empowering local conservation actors, (2) ensuring effectively protected habitat, (3) expanding reforestation, (4) establishing and continuing long‐term research and monitoring, (5) reducing food insecurity, (6) supporting environmental education, (7) promoting sustainable livelihoods, and (8) expanding community health initiatives. Lastly, we provide a list of actions that individuals can take to join us in supporting and promoting lemur conservation.
Chasing the Elusive “In‐Between” State of the Copper‐Amyloid β Complex by X‐ray Absorption through Partial Thermal Relaxation after Photoreduction
Authors: Falcone Enrico , Nobili Germano , Okafor Michael , Proux Olivier , Rossi Giancarlo , Morante Silvia , Faller Peter , Stellato Francesco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe redox activity of Cu ions bound to the amyloid‐β (Aβ) peptide is implicated as a source of oxidative stress in the context of Alzheimer's disease. In order to explain the efficient redox cycling between CuII‐Aβ (distorted square‐pyramidal) and CuI‐Aβ (digonal) resting states, the existence of a low‐populated “in‐between” state, prone to bind Cu in both oxidation states, has been postulated. Here, we exploited the partial X‐ray induced photoreduction at 10 K, followed by a thermal relaxation at 200 K, to trap and characterize by X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) a partially reduced Cu‐Aβ1–16 species different from the resting states. Remarkably, the XAS spectrum is well‐fitted by a previously proposed model of the “in‐between” state, hence providing the first direct spectroscopic characterization of an intermediate state. The present approach could be used to explore and identify the catalytic intermediates of other relevant metal complexes.