bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does timing of neoadjuvant chemotherapy influence the prognosis in patients with early triple negative breast cancer?
Authors: Hatzipanagiotou Maria Eleni , Pigerl Miriam , Gerken Michael , Räpple Sophie , Zeltner Verena , Hetterich Madeleine , Ugocsai Peter , Fernandez-Pacheco Miriam , Inwald Elisabeth Christine , Klinkhammer-Schalke Monika , Ortmann Olaf , Seitz Stephan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
For patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), the optimal time to initiate neoadjuvant chemotherapy (TTNC) is unknown. This study evaluates the association between TTNC and survival in patients with early TNBC.
Methods
A retrospective study using data from of a cohort of TNBC patients diagnosed between January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018 registered in the Tumor Centre Regensburg was performed. Data included demographics, pathology, treatment, recurrence, and survival. Interval to treatment was defined as days from pathology diagnosis of TNBC to first dose of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). The Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods were used to evaluate the impact of TTNC on overall survival (OS) and 5 year OS.
Results
A total of 270 patients were included. Median follow up was 3,5 years. The 5-year OS estimates according to TTNC were 77.4%, 66.9%, 82.3%, 80.6%, 88.3%, 58.3%, 71.1% and 66.7% in patients who received NACT within 0–14, 15–21, 22–28, 29–35, 36–42, 43–49, 50–56 and > 56 days after diagnosis. Patients who received systemic therapy early had the highest estimated mean OS of 8.4 years, while patients who received systemic therapy after more than 56 days survived an estimated 3.3 years.
Conclusion
The optimal time interval between diagnosis and NACT remains to be determined. However, starting NACT more than 42 days after diagnosis of TNBC seems to reduce survival. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to carry out the treatment in a certified breast center with appropriate structures, in order to enable an adequate and timely care.
An Improved Residual U-Net for Segmentation of Multiple Structures in Fundus Images
Authors: S BALAJI , B Karthik 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Diabetic Retinopathy screening helps with early detection and prompt treatment of this vision-threatening condition. To facilitate the screening procedure, deep learning-based segmentation method is designed to identify and segment the fundus image’s regular markers like the optic disc and blood vessels along with the DR lesion namely exudates. Based on a standard U-Net framework with minor changes to the encoder and decoder parts of the model, this study presents an improved residual U-Net for the segmentation process. Three U-paths are obtained by the IRU-Net, each of which is made up of three upsizing paths and one downsizing path. IRU-Net can improve the related feature fusion and acquire more information from fundus images with the use of a structure with three U-paths. Additionally, IRU-Net builds a residual block to retrieve highly realistic features, and it integrates a channel attention module alongside the decoder component to properly combine the feature data. Furthermore to address the imbalance in fundus image class, a revised weighted focus loss function is additionally included. To segment the image, identify the regions of the retinal image that are associated to blood vessels, and assess the suggested strategy for diagnosing retinal disease, the DRIVE and IDRiD image libraries are used here. Comparing IRU-Net to various classic approaches and other contemporary U-Nets, the numerical findings show that IRU-Net is a potential network for use in clinical imaging segmentation in terms of sensitivity, DSE, and IoU.
GCFMN: Knowledge Graph based Multimodal Recommendation Model
Authors: Patel Kabir , Hollis Braylon , Gupta Anika , Farley Jedidiah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
With the progress of computer technology in the Internet era, information is stored and transmitted more easily, and the amount of information people can receive through the Internet is especially huge. Network information is growing explosively, and people have entered the era of big data, from the previous lack of information to the great information overload they are facing today. In recent years, due to the development of deep learning techniques, researchers have started to combine recommendation systems with deep learning techniques to conduct research. Deep learning can solve the problem of relatively low prediction accuracy of traditional recommendation algorithms and make the recommendation system performance of recommendation systems to be significantly improved. Although there is rich multimodal information in short video recommendation systems, traditional recommendation algorithms lack effective mining and utilization of this multimodal information to capture users' deep-seated preferences for multimodal information. Traditional recommendation algorithms all consider only the synergistic signals in heterogeneous interactions or model user representations based only on their own item interaction sequences, the former is difficult to capture the dynamic preferences of users, while the latter faces the common data sparsity problem. In this paper, we propose a new graph neural collaborative filtering model GCFMN. We first construct a heterogeneous information network by adding attribute information to enrich the user-item bipartite graph, and then design a new messaging layer to learn the enriched user and item representations. Extensive experiments on datasets show that our model can significantly improve recommendation performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.
Learning Difficulties of Elementary School Students in Mathematics
Authors: Swain Bijay Kumar , Das Bhabani Shankar , Rout Nirupama 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the present study, the population was separated into two groups, i.e., teachers teaching mathematics and students of standard 3 and 5. The sample consists of 25 teachers, i.e., 14 teachers from Basudevpur block and 11 teachers from Bonth block (9 males and 16 females) and 169 students, 72 males and 97 females (75 students of Bonth block and 94 students of Basudevpur block). The main purpose of the study is to know the different problems faced by students in solving problems in mathematics at the elementary level and the extent to which the mathematical problems are unique to the child. The result of the above points and the analysis of problem-solving difficulties taken from the teacher's questionnaire and interview shows that 1) students do not understand the meaning of the problem; 2) they don’t write the steps in a proper sequential manner; 3) students are unable to understand the keywords in the given problems; 4) students are careless in their reading of the mathematical problems, which leads to mistakes, such as "Write in expanding the form of a given number," but the answer of the problem was written in the form of “write-in words,” which is totally different; and the last one is that 5) students' problem-solving skill is not in a good manner. The data were entered in SPSS software, and it was found that the reliability of standard three questions was more than 0.7, while it was more than 0.6 for standard five. From a statistical point of view, it was inferred that the questions in each class were statistically reliable, but standard three is more reliable than standard five. The average RMSE values of the training and testing procedures are relatively small, i.e., 0.083 and 0.078 and 0.087 and 0.086 for standard three and five, respectively. Accordingly, we affirm that there is an amazing model fit for establishing a relationship between the students’ performance and the question items. In the current examination, R2 of the ANN model was registered, and the outcome revealed that the ANN model predicts the troubles of tackling numerical issues with a precision of 98.2% for standard 3 and 79.9% for standard 5.
Investigating the Fundamental Conditions for Growth to Obtain High-Quality WS2 Using a Process of physical vapor deposition
Authors: Madoune Yassine. , Zhang Luzhi , Ismail Ayman Abdallah Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional layered transition-metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) have garnered significant attention due to their layer number-dependent electronic properties, making them promising candidates for atomically thin electronics and optoelectronics. However, current research has primarily focused on exfoliated TMD materials, which have limitations in size, layer number control, and yield. Therefore, a crucial challenge remains in producing large-sized TMD single crystals with precise control over the layer number. A comprehensive understanding and precise control of the growth conditions are imperative to address this challenge. This study systematically investigated key growth conditions, including temperature, precursor flow, growth duration, material quantity, gas flow, and slide position. By optimizing these parameters, we successfully synthesized TMD materials with an impressive size of 850 µm. Notably, we achieved the preparation of monolayer WS2 single crystals on a large scale within a remarkably short duration of 10 minutes, exhibiting a lateral growth rate of up to 1.4 μm/s, which is comparable to the best-exfoliated monolayers. The findings from our study provide a robust pathway for the rapid growth of high-quality TMD single crystals, facilitating further advancements in this field.
Biogenic Carbon Quantum Dots: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Deb Ankita , Chowdhury Devasish 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
The new class of nanomaterials termed carbon dots: a quasi-spherical nanoparticle
having a size less than 10 nm, possesses some unique characteristics like good aqueous
solubility, colloidal stability, resistance to photobleaching, and fluorescence tunability,
resulting in the unfolding of their various properties and their usage in different applications.
Materials that are naturally derived or produced by living organisms are termed
‘biogenic’. Over the past few years, there has been a gradual increase in the use of naturally
derived materials in synthesizing carbon dots. Green precursors or biogenic materials
are of low cost, readily available, renewable, and environmentally benign. Most importantly,
they provide essential benefits not found in synthesized carbon dots. This review
focuses on the use of biogenic materials for the synthesis of biogenic carbon dots
developed in the past five years. It also briefly explains different synthetic protocols used,
along with some significant findings. Thereafter, an overview of the use of biogenic carbon
dots (BCDs) in different applications like chemo and biosensors, drug delivery, bioimaging,
catalysis and energy applications, etc., is discussed. Thus biogenic carbon dots
are future sustainable materials that are now fast replacing conventional carbon quantum
prepared from other sources.
The Potential of Mur Enzymes as Targets for Antimicrobial Drug Discovery
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , Sarkar Nandan , Roy Kuldeep K. , Bisht Dheeraj , Kumar Deepak , Mandal Bitasta , Rajagopal Mogana , Dey Yadu Nandan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
The extensive development in the strains of resistant bacteria is a potential hazard to
public health worldwide. This necessitates the development of newer agents with the antibacterial
property having new mechanisms of action. Mur enzymes catalyze the steps related to the biosynthesis
of peptidoglycan, which constitutes a major part of the cell wall in bacteria. Peptidoglycan increases
the stiffness of the cell wall, helping it to survive in unfavorable conditions. Therefore, the
inhibition of Mur enzymes may lead to novel antibacterial agents that may help in controlling or
overcoming bacterial resistance. Mur enzymes are classified into MurA, MurB, MurC, MurD,
MurE, and MurF. Until-date, multiple inhibitors are reported for each class of the Mur enzymes. In
this review, we have summarized the development of Mur enzyme inhibitors as antibacterial agents
in the last few decades.
Designing and In silico Studies of Novel Hybrid of 1,3,4-oxadiazolechalcone
Derivatives as EGFR Inhibitors
Authors: Patil Shital M , Shashikant Bhandari 
Published: June 2023

Background:
The tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor (TK-EGFR) has recently
been identified as a useful target for anticancer treatments. The major concern for current EGFR inhibitors
is resistance due to mutation, which can be overcome by combining more than one pharmacophore
into a single molecule.

Aim and Objective:
In the present study, various hybrids of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-chalcone derivatives
were gauged for their EGFR inhibitory potential.

Method:
The design of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-chalcone hybrid derivatives was carried out and in silico
studies, viz., molecular docking, ADME, toxicity, and molecular simulation, were performed as EGFR
inhibitors. Twenty-six 1,3,4-oxadiazole-chalcone hybrid derivatives were designed using the combilib
tool of the V life software. AutoDock Vina software was used to perform in silico docking studies,
while SwissADME and pkCSM tools were used to analyse molecules for ADME and toxicity. Desmond
software was used to run the molecular simulation.

Result:
Around 50% of molecules have shown better binding affinity as compared to standard and cocrystallized
ligands.

Conclusion:
Molecule 11 was found to be a lead molecule that has the highest binding affinity, good
pharmacokinetics, good toxicity estimates and better protein-ligand stability.
Advances in iPSC Technology in Neural Disease Modeling, Drug Screening,
and Therapy
Authors: Dai Sihan , Qiu Linhui , Veeraraghavan Vishnu Priya , Sheu Chia-Lin , Mony Ullas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) including Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, Amyotrophic
Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease are all incurable and can only be managed
with drugs for the associated symptoms. Animal models of human illnesses help to advance our understanding
of the pathogenic processes of diseases. Understanding the pathogenesis as well as drug screening
using appropriate disease models of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are vital for identifying novel
therapies. Human-derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models can be an efficient model to create
disease in a dish and thereby can proceed with drug screening and identifying appropriate drugs. This
technology has many benefits, including efficient reprogramming and regeneration potential, multidirectional
differentiation, and the lack of ethical concerns, which open up new avenues for studying neurological
illnesses in greater depth. The review mainly focuses on the use of iPSC technology in neuronal disease
modeling, drug screening, and cell therapy.
Microarray-based Analysis of Differential Gene Expression Profile in
Rotenone-induced Parkinson’s Disease Zebrafish Model
Authors: Nies Yong Hui , Yahaya Mohamad Fairuz , Lim Wei Ling , Teoh Seong Lin 
Published: June 2023

Background & Objectives:
Despite much clinical and laboratory research that has been performed
to explore the mechanisms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), its pathogenesis remains elusive to
date. Therefore, this study aimed to identify possible regulators of neurodegeneration by performing
microarray analysis of the zebrafish PD model’s brain following rotenone exposure.

Methods:
A total of 36 adult zebrafish were divided into two groups: control (n = 17) and rotenonetreated
(n = 19). Fish were treated with rotenone water (5 μg/L water) for 28 days and subjected to locomotor
behavior analysis. Total RNA was extracted from the brain tissue after rotenone treatment.
The cDNA synthesized was subjected to microarray analysis and subsequently validated by qPCR.

Results:
Administration of rotenone has significantly reduced locomotor activity in zebrafish (p <
0.05), dysregulated dopamine-related gene expression (dat, th1, and th2, p < 0.001), and reduced
dopamine level in the brain (p < 0.001). In the rotenone-treated group, genes involved in cytotoxic
T lymphocytes (gzm3, cd8a, p < 0.001) and T cell receptor signaling (themis, lck, p < 0.001) were
upregulated significantly. Additionally, gene expression involved in microgliosis regulation (tyrobp,
p < 0.001), cellular response to IL-1 (ccl34b4, il2rb, p < 0.05), and regulation of apoptotic process
(dedd1, p < 0.001) were also upregulated significantly.

Conclusion:
The mechanisms of T cell receptor signaling, microgliosis regulation, cellular response to
IL-1, and apoptotic signaling pathways have potentially contributed to PD development in rotenonetreated
zebrafish.
syntax of Amharic ideophones
Authors: Mulugeta Teferi , Yimam Bye 
Published: June 2023

This study is on Amharic ideophones, a subject that has not been described well in the syntax of Amharic. The data used for the analysis are collected from natural settings of the Amharic-speaking community in Debre Birhan College of Teacher Education. The description shows that Amharic ideophones contradict some earlier generalizations made about the syntax of ideophones in such works which claim that ideophones do not fit in the grammar of other word classes in a language, and which states that ideophones do not enter any phrase structure, nor are they modified by other word classes. The description here shows that ideophones fit well into the grammar of the Amharic language. In contrast to such claims, they project different phrases such as noun phrases, which occur in subject and object positions and they can occur with or without a modifier. Their verb phrases appear with adverbial modifiers. Amharic ideophones can also be modifiers of nouns, verbs, and adjectives. They form complex predicates with auxiliaries. Their noun phrases come in dative, ablative and locative case forms. Ideophones occur in all types of sentences, suggesting that their distribution is unrestricted.
phonology of Kafi Noonoo ideophones
Authors: Mulugeta Teferi , Mengistu Girma 
Published: June 2023

This paper is the first and original work on the phonology of Kafi Noonoo ideophones. All of the data used in this study are collected through fieldwork. Ideophones are attested word classes with peculiar phonology in that they break some phonological rules of the prosaic language. Kafi Noonoo ideophones also undergo unique phonological features from the regular phonology of the language. Kafi Noonoo ideophones use all the phonemes of the regular language and additional five click-like sounds (ʘ, ǃ, ǁ, ʞ, and tchip). The click-like sounds do not found in the language and the regular phonology of Ethiopian Afro-Asiatic languages in general. Kafi Noonoo ideophones show different suprasegmental features from the regular phonology of the language. Another striking phonological feature in ideophones of the language is that ideophones break the phonotactics and suprasegmental features rules of the prosaic language. Moreover, Kafi Noonoo ideophones exhibit some syllable structures that are specific to ideophones. These are the (C1VC2C2), (CVVV…), (C1VVV…C2) and (C1VC2C2C2…). Furthermore, Kafi Noonoo is a tone language. The language has high and low tones. As the result of the study depicts ideophones of the language constitute both open and closed syllable shapes.
PENERAPAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI LEMAHNYA MINAT MAHASISWA TERHADAP SASTRA DAN BUDAYA DI CIANJUR
Authors: Yuli sri astuti  , Librilianti Kurnia Yuki  
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Penerapan Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Lemahnya Minat Mahasiswa terhadap Sastra dan Budaya di Cianjur. Metode ini yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu kualitatif. Data ini diperoleh dari responden Mahasiswa Universitas Putra Indonesia dengan menyebarkan quesioner melalui Google form.
Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat 4 Faktor Sastra yang mempengaruhi Lemahnya Minat Mahasiswa terhadap Sastra dan Budaya di Cianjur. Diantaranya yaitu: 1). Daya pikir seseorang, 2). Tempat tinggal seseorang, 3). Faktor ekonomi yang terbatas, 4). Sarana hati seseorang. Selain itu Faktor Budaya terdapat 9 faktor yaitu diantaranya: 1). Faktor lingkungan, 2). Faktor perkembangan teknologi, 3). Faktor sarana kurang memadai, 4). Faktor ras, 5). Faktor hubungan antar bangsa, 6). Faktor sosial, 7). Faktor religi, 8). Faktor mode, 9). Faktor prestige.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Lemahnya Minat Mahasiswa terhadap Sastra dan Budaya di Cianjur.
Kata Kunci: Sastra, Pilar Budaya
YANG DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: I Nengah Mileh  , Astika Pidada Ida Bagus 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini berjudul “Yang dalam Bahasa Indonesia”. Yang sebagai salah satu aspek kebahasaan perlu diteliti untuk mendapatkan kejelasan pemakaiannya. Partikel yang memiliki beberapa identitas dan fungsi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan identitas yang dan fungsi yang dalam bahasa Indonesia. Metode pengamatan dan teknik pencatatan digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data, metode distribusional dan teknik substitusi dipakai dalam menganalisis data, dan metode informal dipakai dalam penyajian hasil analisis. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan tiga identitas yang, yaitu 1) yang sebagai partikel, 2) yang sebagai penghubung, dan 3) yang sebagai pembentuk kata benda. Di samping itu, juga ditemukan dua fungsi yang dalam bahasa Indonesia, yaitu yang berfungsi sebagai penghubung klausa dan yang berfungsi sebagai pengganti nomina.
Kata Kunci: yang, partikel, dan penghubung
TEKNIK PENERJEMAHAN PADA PUBLIC SIGN DI BALI SAFARI AND MARINE PARK
Authors: Made Sani Damayanthi Muliawan  , Astu Mahayana I Made , Jessica Elvira Rosa  , Gede Suarjaya Anak Agung 
Published: June 2023

Bali Safari and Marine Park merupakan tempat wisata kombinasi dari kehidupan satwa liar di habitat aslinya dengan ekosistem bersinggungan dengan kebudayaan masyarakat. Dengan datangnya para wisatawan ke Bali Safari and Marine Park membuat ketersediaan public sign (tanda luar ruang) menjadi komponen penting dalam menyediakan informasi yang dibutuhkan oleh para pengunjung. Karena keterbatasan media yang ada pada tanda luar ruang (public sign), kalimat yang digunakan dalam tanda luar ruang (public sign) selalu singkat dan padat, informasi penting hanya disampaikan dalam beberapa kata atau frasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui teknik terjemahan yang digunakan pada public sign di Bali Safari and Marine Park.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan sumber data berupa tanda luar ruang (public sign) yang ada di Bali Safari and Marine Park. Data diperoleh melalui repertoar visual atau data foto berupa public sign yang berada di Bali Safari and Marine Park. Data dianalisis dengan metode analisis kualitatif-kuantitatif. Hasil akan disajikan secara formal berupa table dan bagan untuk menjabarkan jumlah data, serta secara informal, yakni hasil akan dideskripsikan dengan kalimat agar lebih mudah untuk dimengerti dan dipahami.
Kata kunci: Tanda Luar Ruang, Teknik Terjemahan, Bali Safari and Marine Park