bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct lookup and hash-based metadata placement : impact on architecture, performance and scalability of local and distributed file systems
Authors:   , Lensing Paul Hermann 
Published: July 2023

New challenges to file systems’ metadata performance are imposed by the continuously growing average number of files existing in file systems. The traditional component based lookup approach can become a performance bottleneck for many workloads.

An alternative to component-based lookup is the direct lookup approach. It uses hash-based metadata placement to enable direct computation of the metadata location and to completely skip component traversal.

This thesis evaluates the implications of the direct lookup approach on file system architecture, performance and scalability.

It includes an analysis of file system traces focusing on the frequency and characteristics of hierarchical operations. These properties had not been sufficiently explored in existing literature and are fundamental to the direct lookup design.

Full direct lookup file systems are implemented and evaluated for both local and distributed scenarios.
El rendimiento de los metadatos de los sistemas de ficheros impone nuevos desafíos debido a que el número promedio de ficheros está en constante crecimiento. El enfoque de búsqueda tradicional basado en ir atravesando los diferentes componentes puede convertirse en un cuello de botella de rendimiento para muchas cargas de trabajo. Una alternativa a la búsqueda basada en componentes consiste en la búsqueda directa. Esta búsqueda utiliza la ubicación de metadatos basada en hash para permitir el cálculo directo de la ubicación de los metadatos y omitir así completamente el recorrido de componentes. Esta tesis evalúa las implicaciones del enfoque de búsqueda directa en la arquitectura, el rendimiento y la escalabilidad del sistema de ficheros. Incluye un análisis de las trazas del sistema de ficheros que se centran en la frecuencia y las características de las operaciones jerárquicas. Estas propiedades no han sido suficientemente exploradas en la literatura existente y son fundamentales para el diseño de búsqueda directa. Los sistemas de archivos de búsqueda directa completa se implementan y evalúan para escenarios locales y distribuidos.
Analysis of seismic damage mechanism of simply supported girder bridges at near‐fault liquefaction sites
Authors: He Jing , Huang Yong , Zu Lin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work uses the Yematan Bridge as an example to explore the seismic damage mechanism of simply supported girder bridges at near‐fault liquefaction site. It analyzes the bridge from the local portion to the complete bridge, considering the effects of the near‐fault and liquefied soil layers. First, a three‐dimensional model of the pile‐soil seismic action of Pier No.17 was created using simulated near‐field ground motion, and analysis was performed to simulate the action of the liquefied soil layers on the pile foundation, getting pile‐soil dynamic p‐y curves. After that, the accuracy of the pile spring parameters was verification by doing an equivalent static analysis. Finally, to identify the seismic damage mechanism of high‐damping rubber (HDR) bearings and the dynamic unseating process of the Yematan Bridge, a finite element model of the complete bridge was developed. During this procedure, the near‐field ground motion amplitude and soil spring parameters were iterated and optimized continually, such that the simulated earthquake damage was identical to the real one. The findings suggest that the bridge was destroyed by significant structural vibration. The near‐fault impulse effect and lack of equivalent limiting measures induced the entire collapsing girders to move consistently and destroyed the HDR bearings. Liquefied soil can cause some damage to pile foundations, and lateral spreading can cause the piers of the same span to perform differently.
Efficacy of a brief web‐based tonic immobility psychoeducation intervention among trauma‐exposed adults: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Morabito Danielle M. , Schmidt Norman B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTonic immobility (TI) is a defensive response that may occur during traumatic events. Although TI is adaptive in certain circumstances, it has been shown to contribute to increased trauma‐related symptoms and poorer recovery. However, current frontline treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have not focused significant attention on the experience of TI. Thus, the aim of this study was to develop and test the impact of a brief TI‐focused psychoeducation (TIP) intervention on posttraumatic cognitions and PTSD symptoms relative to a health education control intervention. The sample included 46 adults with elevated PTSD symptoms who endorsed prior TI episodes. After providing informed consent, participants were randomly assigned to either the active or control intervention and completed self‐report questionnaires including the tonic immobility questionnaire (TIQ‐R), Life Events Checklist for DSM‐5 (LEC‐5), Posttraumatic Stress Checklist for DSM‐5 (PCL‐5), Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory (PTCI), and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) at baseline, 1‐week, and 1‐month follow‐up assessments. Results from linear mixed effects models indicated that participants in the TIP condition reported significantly larger reductions in posttraumatic cognitions and PTSD symptoms at 1‐week, ds = 0.48 and 0.84, respectively, and 1‐month, ds = 0.67 and 0.74. The findings suggest that TIP is a promising intervention that may be used to reduce posttraumatic cognitions and PTSD symptoms associated with TI. Given the ease of access, TIP could be used as a standalone intervention or as an add‐on to existing evidence‐based treatments for PTSD.
Symptom validity indices in the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM‐5
Authors: Shura Robert D. , Rowland Jared A. , Miskey Holly M. , Ord Anna S. , Magnante Anna T. ,   the VA Mid‐Atlantic MIRECC Workgroup, Martindale Sarah L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe use of symptom validity tests (SVTs) is standard practice in psychodiagnostic assessments. Embedded measures are indices within self‐report measures. To date, no embedded SVTs have been identified in the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM‐5 (PCL‐5). This research aimed to develop and validate PCL‐5 SVTs in two samples of veterans. Participants completed one of two prospective research studies that included cognitive and psychological tests. Participants in Study 1 were veterans (N = 464) who served following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks; participants in Study 2 were veterans or service members (N = 338) who had been deployed to Iraq and/or Afghanistan. Both studies included the PCL‐5 and the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS), the latter of which served as the criterion for identifying PCL‐5 SVTs. For Study 1, two separate SVTs were developed: the PCL‐5 Symptom Severity scale (PSS), based on the PCL‐5 total score, and the PCL‐5 Rare Items scale (PRI), based on PCL‐5 items infrequently endorsed at the highest item ratings. At the most conservative SIMS cutoff score, the PSS achieved excellent discrimination for both the Study 1, AUC = .840, and Study 2 samples, AUC = .858, with specific cutoff scores of ≥ 51 and ≥ 56 maximizing sensitivity while maintaining a specificity of .90. The PRI achieved good discrimination, AUCs = .760 and.726, respectively, with a cutoff score of 2 or higher indicated by both studies. The results of these two studies provide provisional support for these two embedded SVTs in the PCL‐5.
Investigation on the properties of chemically treated flexible parts fabricated through material extrusion based additive manufacturing technology
Authors: Dixit Nidhi , Jain Prashant K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe poor strength and surface texture of the additively manufactured components has restricted its usage as a functional part. The post processing methods can overcome this limitation and open new opportunities in different application areas. In the present study, chemical finishing process has been employed for the flexible components build through material extrusion based additive manufacturing technology. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) has been chosen as the material for printing flexible parts. Taguchi orthogonal array‐based design of experiments has been employed. Three process parameters that is, solvent type, infill density and immersion time have been selected for the study. The percentage improvement in the surface roughness as physical property and compressive strength as mechanical property has been chosen as the response parameters. The dimensional deviation was investigated by measuring the change in the dimensions of the manufactured components. It has been observed from ANOVA analysis that the improvement in surface roughness and compressive strength depends significantly on the immersion time. The Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent and immersion time of 125 s has been found significant for different properties of the chemically treated TPU parts.
Psychogenic and Neurogenic Components in Patients with Psychogenic or Neuropathic Pruritus: Prurineuro: A Non-Interventional Single-Centre Prospective Assay
Authors: Orliaguet Marie , Brenaut Emilie , Ficheux Anne-Sophie , Boisramé Sylvie , Misery Laurent 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The causes of pruritus are multiple and commonly classified into six different categories: dermatological, systemic, neuropathic, psychogenic, mixed and idiopathic. In clinical practice, psychogenic and neurogenic mechanisms tend to be separated in the etiological diagnosis of neuropathic or psychogenic disorders; nevertheless, studies investigating the respective psychogenic and neurogenic components are lacking.

Objective
The main objective of this work was to highlight the differences and potential common characteristics between psychogenic pruritus and neuropathic pruritus.

Methods
This study was a noninterventional single-centre prospective assay. Patients with neuropathic (NP) or psychogenic (PP) pruritus were proposed to participate. The psychogenic and neurogenic components of pruritus in these patients were evaluated using six validated questionnaires or criteria, namely, the diagnosis criteria of psychogenic pruritus, the NP5 questionnaire, the Brest Pruritus Qualitative Assessment Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and DN4i.

Results
Twenty-five patients with NP and 15 with PP were included. A difference between the two groups was observed for NP5, with mean scores of 2.8 ± 0.9 and 1.4 ± 1 for the NP and PP groups, respectively (p &lt; 0.0001). For depression, the average score was 3.5 ± 3.9 for the NP group and 7.5 ± 5.1 for the PP group (p &lt; 0.02).

Conclusion
While neuropathic and psychogenic disorders are different diagnoses, neuropathic and psychogenic components may exist simultaneously in patients with NP or PP.
Efficacy and safety of dofetilide and sotalol in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Chen Chris , Lal Mallika , Burton Yunwoo , Chen Hongya , Stecker Eric , Masri Ahmad , Nazer Babak 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Professional society practice guidelines conflict regarding their recommendations of dofetilide (DOF) and sotalol (STL) for treatment of arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and supporting data is sparse. We aim to assess safety and efficacy of DOF and STL on arrhythmias in HCM.

Methods
This was an observational study of HCM patients treated with DOF or STL for atrial fibrillation (AF) and ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Outcomes of drug discontinuation and arrhythmia recurrence were compared at 1 year and latest follow-up by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Predictors of drug failure were studied using uni- and multi-variable analyses. Drug-related adverse events were quantitated.

Results
Here we show that of our cohort of 72 patients (54 ± 14 years old, 75% male), 21 were prescribed DOF for AF, 52 STL for AF, and 18 STL for VA. At 1 year, discontinuation and recurrence rates were similar for DOF-AF (38% and 43%) and STL-AF (29% and 44%) groups. Efficacy data was similar at long-term follow-up of 1603 (IQR 994–4131) days, and for STL-VA. Drug inefficacy was the most common reason for discontinuation (28%) followed by side-effects (13%). Incidences of heart failure hospitalization (5%) and mortality (3%) were low. One STL-AF patient developed non-sustained torsades de pointes in the setting of severe pneumonia and acute kidney injury, but there were no other drug-related serious adverse events.

Conclusions
DOF and STL demonstrate modest efficacy and satisfactory safety when used for AF and VA in HCM patients.
Vehicle clustering based edge caching scheme in internet of vehicles
Authors: Yang Jian , Tan Yuhao , Xie Jinlong , Teng Binze , Dong Siwen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the development of mobile edge computing technology, edge caching provides a feasible solution for low‐latency and high‐reliability data forwarding in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). Due to the limited number and storage capacity of the edge servers, and the limited communication range of a single vehicle, the delay and connection requirements are hard to be satisfied. A vehicle clustering based edge caching scheme is proposed in this paper, aiming at minimizing the content acquisition delay of the requesting vehicles (RVs) within the communication range of the edge servers. After getting the optimal vehicle association results, the minimization of content acquisition delay is transformed into a knapsack problem, which is then solved by a dynamic programming algorithm to obtain the optimal cache decisions. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme reduces task acquisition delay by at least about 100 s and increases the cache hit rate by about 50%, compared with the random cache scheme.
CNN‐LSTM based power grid voltage stability emergency control coordination strategy
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Qin Boyu , Gao Xin , Ding Tao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe occurrence of cascading failure and small probability contingency in hybrid AC/DC power grid aggravates the mismatch risk of traditional emergency control with offline‐predetermination–online‐practice (ODOP) mode. To ensure the voltage stability of power grid under large disturbances, this paper proposes a voltage stability emergency control coordination strategy based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short‐term memory (LSTM) network. First, the mismatch mechanism of traditional emergency control is revealed under the variation of operating conditions. Second, the start criterion of complementary emergency control with ODOP mode is proposed, and the CNN‐LSTM network is established to quantitatively evaluate the voltage stability margin. Finally, the emergency control sensitivity index is proposed to predict the stability margin enhancement under alternative emergency control measures, and the optimal ODOP‐based emergency control strategy is determined to coordinate multiple voltage stability emergency control measures. Case studies are performed in the actual Northwest China local region hybrid AC/DC power grid with voltage instability problems, and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Septal Reposition during Intermediate Cleft Rhinoplasty: A Second Chance for Correcting Caudal Septal Deviation
Authors: Kim Young Chul , Kwon Jin Geun , Koh Kyung S. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The authors investigated postoperative nasal morphologic changes in patients undergoing secondary correction of cleft-lip nose with septal repositioning and alar cartilage suspension during preschool age.

Methods:
The authors performed a retrospective review of 77 patients who underwent secondary correction of cleft-lip nose. The patients were 5 to 6 years of age and underwent intermediate rhinoplasty by alar cartilage suspension, with or without septal repositioning. They were divided into 2 groups based on time, encompassing septal repositioning (September of 2015 through November of 2017) and control (November of 2009 through August of 2015) groups. The authors performed a photogrammetric comparison by assessing the postoperative nasal morphologic changes using linear and angular measures. The cleft–to–noncleft-side ratio of each parameter was measured for the nostril width and height, nostril area, and caudal septal deviation angle.

Results:
Among the 77 patients, 43 were selected as the septal repositioning group and 34 as the control group. Evaluation timing was 5.32 ± 0.45 years of age for the preoperative period (T0), 6.57 ± 0.5 years of age for short-term follow-up (T1), and 9.28 ± 0.65 years of age for long-term follow-up (T2). The septal repositioning group showed significantly improved nostril width ratio and caudal septal deviation angle in the T1 and T2 periods. Septal repositioning significantly decreased the nostril area ratio in the T1 and T2 periods due to decreased cleft-side and increased noncleft-side nostril area.

Conclusion:
The secondary correction of cleft-lip nose with septal repositioning during preschool age offers a second chance to correct nasal appearance by balancing the nostril symmetry and correcting the caudal septal deviation.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
The Effects of Growth Hormone on Nerve Regeneration and Alloimmunity in Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation
Authors: Rath Jennifer , Zhou Xianyu , Lee Erica B. , Hanwright Philip , Amin Neha , von Guionneau Nicholas , Pinni Sai , Kambarashvili Keti , Harris Thomas G. W. , Beck Sarah , Lee W. P. Andrew , Brandacher Gerald , Tuffaha Sami 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Poor outcomes in functional recovery after upper extremity transplantation are largely attributable to denervation-induced muscle atrophy that occurs during the prolonged period of nerve regeneration. Growth hormone (GH) has well-established trophic effects on neurons, myocytes, and Schwann cells, and represents a promising therapeutic approach to address this challenge. This study sought to confirm the positive effects of GH treatment on nerve regeneration and functional recovery and to evaluate the effects of GH treatment on the immune response in the setting of vascularized composite allotransplantation.

Methods:
Rats underwent orthotopic forelimb transplantation across a full major histocompatibility complex mismatch and received either porcine-derived growth hormone or no treatment (n = 18 per group). Functional recovery was measured using electrically stimulated grip strength testing. Animals were monitored for clinical and subclinical signs of rejection.

Results:
Neuromuscular junction reinnervation and grip strength were improved in GH-treated animals (P = 0.005, P = 0.08, respectively). No statistically significant differences were seen in muscle atrophy, degree of myelination, axon diameter, or axon counts between groups. The rates of clinical and histologic rejection did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions:
The findings alleviate concern for increased risk of transplant rejection during GH therapy and support the translation of GH as a therapeutic method to promote improved functional recovery in upper extremity transplantation.

Clinical Relevance Statement:
The authors’ findings suggest that growth hormone is a promising therapeutic option to improve motor functional recovery in upper extremity transplantation without increased risk of rejection.
Low Surgical Skill Rating of Surgeons Increased Complication Rates of Patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
Authors: Yuan Xin , Chen Kai , Chu Qing , Sun Hansong , Song Yunhu , Liu Sheng , Feng Wei , Wang Xiangqiang , Wang Shuiyun , Wang Liqing , Wang Xin , Xu Fei , Wang Yang , Zhao Yanyan , Hu Shengshou 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesIt is not well characterized how surgeon-level factors affect surgical outcomes. This study aimed to determine the relationship between surgical skill rating of a cardiac surgeon and complication rates after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).MethodsVideo-based evaluations of CABG performed by 46 senior surgeons were conducted by 13 blinded expert cardiac surgeons. The evaluations were carried out using a rating score sheet including 7 domains of skills in surgical skills. Other surgeon-level factors such as the demographic information, Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) test and the ratio of low frequency and high frequency of heart rate variability (LF/HF) during operation were also collected. The association between surgical skill rating along with surgeon-level factors and surgical outcomes was examined using prospectively collected data. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE), included mortality, myocardial infarction and stroke within 30-day after surgery. The secondary outcome included skill-related complications and all complications. Multivariable generalized linear mixed models were employed for surgical skill rating on MACCE, skill-related complications and all complications.ResultsFrom 2018 to 2021, the participants performed a total of 9,844 isolated CABGs. All participant surgeons were male with a median of CABG volume of 702. Based on three reviewers per video and with a maximum surgical skill score of 5, the average surgical skill scores ranged from 3.10 to 4.81. After adjusted with the risk factors of the patients, compared to the patients of the top quartile rating surgeons, the patients of bottom quartile rating surgeons had 1.381 times of risk in MACCE (95%CI, 1.098-1.735, p=0.006), 1.528 times of risk in skill-related complication (95%CI, 1.340-1.743, p<0.001) and 1.286 times of risk in all complication (95%CI, 1.131-1.463, p<0.001). Surgeons in the top quartile of skill rating had an older age (57.9±4.4 vs. 49.7±5.7, p=0.002), higher rate of “sensing” characteristics of MBTI (72.7% vs. 33.3, p=0.046), lower rate of “thinking” characteristics of MBTI (54.5% vs. 83.3%, p=0.013), higher mean annual volumes of CABG (109.3±57.7 vs. 41.5±25.0 p=0.001), and lower LF/HF (2.3±0.1 vs. 4.9±1.4 p<0.01) than in the bottom quartile of skill rating.ConclusionLower surgical skill rating of cardiac surgeon appeared to be associated with higher complication rates for CABGs. The surgical skill rating correlated well with a series of surgeon-level factors. Efforts to improve surgeon surgical skills may result in better patient outcomes and surgeon characteristics may serve as the target of intervention for quality improvements.