bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invoking self-related and social thoughts impacts online information sharing
Authors: Scholz Christin , C. Baek Elisa , Falk Emily B 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOnline sharing impacts which information is widely available and influential in society. Yet, systematically influencing sharing behavior remains difficult. Past research highlights two factors associated with sharing: the social and self-relevance of the to-be-shared content. Based on this prior neuroimaging work and theory, we developed a manipulation in the form of short prompts that are attached to media content (here health news articles). These prompts encourage readers to think about how sharing the content may help them to fulfill motivations to present themselves positively (self-relevance) or connect positively to others (social relevance). Fifty-three young adults completed this pre-registered experiment while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Ninety-six health news articles were randomly assigned to three within-subject conditions that encouraged self-related or social thinking or a control. Invoking self-related or social thoughts about health-related news (vs control) (i) causally increased brain activity in a priori regions of interest chosen for their roles in processing social and self-relevance and (ii) causally impacted self-reported sharing intentions. This study provides evidence corroborating prior reverse inferences regarding the neural correlates of sharing. It further highlights the feasibility and utility of targeting neuropsychological processes to systematically facilitate online information spread.
Intracavernous injection of platelet‐rich plasma reverses erectile dysfunction of chronic cavernous nerve degeneration through reduction of prostate hyperplasia evidence from an aging‐induced erectile dysfunction rat model
Authors: Tai Huai‐Ching , Tsai Wei‐Kung , Chang Meng‐Lin , Praveen Rajneesh Chellappan , Tseng Xiao‐Wen , Hsu Wen‐Chun , Wu Yi‐No , Chiang Han‐Sun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAge‐induced erectile dysfunction (ED) is a convoluted medical condition, and restoring erectile function (EF) under geriatric conditions is highly complicated. Platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) treatment is an inexpensive cell‐based therapeutic strategy. We have aimed to restore EF in aged‐ED rats with PRP as a therapeutic tool. Male rats were grouped into aged and young according to age. The young rats were considered as normal control (NC) and treated with saline. Aged were further divided into 2 groups and treated with intracavernous (IC) PRP and saline. Treatment was scheduled at the 9th and 10th week for NC and 41th and 42th week for aged‐ED rats, with EF analysis scheduled on the 12th week for NC and 44th week for aged‐ED rats, respectively. Erectile response, immunofluorescence staining, and electron microscopic analyses were performed. IC PRP treatment effectively reduced prostate hyperplasia (PH). EF response indicated a significant increase in crucial EF parameters in PRP‐treated aged‐ED rats. Histological evidence denoted a rigid and restored development of tunica adventitia of the dorsal artery, decreased vacuolation of the dorsal penile nerve, and structural expansion of the epineurium. Masson's trichrome and immunostaining results affirmed an elevated expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) in the corpus cavernosum (CC). Ultrastructure findings revealed that PRP effectively rejuvenated degenerating nerves, preserved endothelium and adherent junctions of corporal smooth muscle, and restored the axonal scaffolds by upregulating neurofilament‐H (NF‐H) expression. Finally, PRP enhanced neural stability by enhancing the axonal remyelination processes in aged‐ED rats. Hence, PRP treatment was proven to restore EF in aged‐ED rats, which was considered a safe, novel, cost‐effective, and hassle‐free strategy for EF restoration in geriatric patients.
Effect of mechanical tension on fibroblast transcriptome profile and regulatory mechanisms of myocardial collagen turnover
Authors: Shiraishi Manabu , Suzuki Ken , Yamaguchi Atsushi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExcess deposition of extracellular matrix in the myocardium is a predictor of reduced left ventricular function. Although reducing the hemodynamic load is known to improve myocardial fibrosis, the mechanisms underlying the reversal of the fibrosis have not been elucidated. We focused on the elasticity of myocardial tissue, which is assumed to influence the fibroblast phenotype. Normal and fibrotic myocardium were cultured in 16 kPa and 64 kPa silicone gel‐coated dishes supplemented with recombinant TGFβ protein, respectively. Matrix‐degrading myocardium was cultured in 64 kPa silicone gel‐coated dishes with recombinant TGFβ protein and then in 16 kPa silicone gel‐coated dishes. Cardiac fibroblasts were cultured in this three‐part in vitro pathological models and compared. Fibroblasts differentiated into activated or matrix‐degrading types in response to the pericellular environment. Comprehensive gene expression analysis of fibroblasts in each in vitro condition showed Selenbp1 to be one of the genes responsible for regulating differentiation of fibroblasts. In vitro knockdown of Selenbp1 enhanced fibroblast activation and inhibited conversion to the matrix‐degrading form. In vivo knockdown of Selenbp1 resulted in structural changes in the left ventricle associated with progressive tissue fibrosis and left ventricular diastolic failure. Selenbp1 is involved in regulating fibroblast differentiation and appears to be one of the major molecules regulating collagen turnover in cardiac fibrosis.
Regenerative Capability of Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells in Degenerated Disc Under Hydrostatic Pressure Mimicking Physiologically Relevant Intradiscal Pressure In Vitro
Authors: Takeoka Yoshiki , Kanda Yutaro , Kang James D. , Mizuno Shuichi 
Published: March 2023

Study Design.
Isolated human nucleus pulposus (hNP) cells from the degenerated intervertebral disc (IVD) were incubated under hydrostatic pressure (HP) and evaluated for regenerative potential.

Objectives.
To characterize metabolic turnover in hNP cells isolated from degenerated IVDs classified by Pfirrmann grade under physiologically relevant HP at high osmolality in vitro.

Summary of Background Data.
We demonstrated that bovine caudal nucleus pulposus cells isolated from healthy cows produced more extracellular matrix under cyclic HP followed by constant pressure (mimicking physiological intradiscal pressure in humans) than under no pressure in vitro. We assessed the effects of pressure on human degenerated cells isolated under the same regimen of pressure used for bovine cells.

Materials and Methods.
hNP cells isolated from discarded tissue classified as Pfirrmann grade 2 to 3 (n = 13: age, 46.7 ± 14.0) and grade 4 (n = 13: age, 53.0 ± 11.5) were incubated under cyclic HP at 0.2 to 0.7 MPa, 0.5 Hz for 2 days followed by constant pressure at 0.3 MPa for 1 day, repeated twice over 6 days. The gene expression and immunohistology of matrix molecules and catabolic and anticatabolic proteins were evaluated.

Results.

Aggrecan and collagen type II expression were significantly more upregulated under HP in grades 2 to 3 than in grade 4 tissues (both, P < 0.01). Linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between matrix metalloproteinase 13 and tissue inhibitor for metalloproteinase 2 expression in grades 2 to 3, whereas a negative correlation was found in grade 4 (P < 0.05). Immunohistological staining revealed the activation of a mechanoreceptor, transient receptor potential vanilloid 4, under HP.

Conclusions.
Resident cells in mild-moderate degenerated discs classified as Pfirrmann grade 2 to 3 have the potential to promote extracellular matrix production and maintain adequate cell viability under physiological spinal loading.

Relevance.
This study explored the potential of degenerated remnant nucleus pulposus cells under a physiological environment, possibly leading to establishing strategies for IVD regeneration.
Effect of Early Postoperative Resolution of MRI Signal Intensity Changes on the Outcomes of Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy
Authors: Tozawa Keiichiro , Nagata Kosei , Ohtomo Nozomu , Ito Yusuke , Nakamoto Hideki , Kato So , Doi Toru , Taniguchi Yuki , Matsubayashi Yoshitaka , Tanaka Sakae , Oshima Yasushi 
Published: March 2023

Study Design.
A retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
To investigate whether the timing of postoperative resolution of increased signal intensity (ISI) in the spinal cord is associated with surgical outcomes.

Summary of Background Data.
It remains unclear whether changes in ISI in the early postoperative period influence surgical outcomes.

Methods.
This retrospective cohort study evaluated consecutive patients undergoing surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy at a single academic hospital between January 2012 and September 2019. These patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) preoperatively, within two weeks postoperatively (early MRI) and after six months postoperatively (late MRI). ISI was classified as follows: grade 0, none; grade 1, light (obscure); and grade 2, intense (bright). Patients were categorized into the following three groups: those with postoperative ISI resolution at early MRI (group E) or only at the late MRI (group L) stage and those whose ISI was persistent (group P). The surgical outcomes were compared between these three groups.

Results.
We included 204 patients with complete data eligible for the analysis, and 163 of them had preoperative ISI. Postoperative ISI regression was observed in 49 (30.1%) patients. Of these 49 patients, 25 showed ISI resolution at early MRI (group E) and 24 only at late MRI (group L). All 49 were grade 1 on preoperative MRI, and this was not found to significantly impact surgical outcomes. In comparing surgical outcomes between the groups, group E had better postoperative Japanese Orthopedic Association scores and Japanese Orthopedic Association recovery rates than groups L and P. No significant differences were observed between groups L and P.

Conclusions.
Early resolution of preoperative grade 1 ISI on postoperative T2-weighted MRI may be associated with better surgical outcomes in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy undergoing cervical spinal surgery.
Impact of Age on Overall Survival Among Children With Wilms Tumor
Authors: Qian David C. , Sykes-Martin Katherine D. , Tobillo Rachel , Ali Naba , Wynne Jacob F. , Eaton Bree R. , Paulino Arnold C. , Kalapurakal John A. , Esiashvili Natia 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
International trials have reported conflicting findings on whether the association between age and worse overall survival (OS) among children with Wilms tumor (WT) is due to age as an independent prognostic factor or the observation of more advanced disease at older ages. We sought to further elucidate this relationship using a population-based registry analysis.

Methods:
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was queried for all patients diagnosed with WT under the age of 20. The association between age and OS was assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results:
In this study, 3463 patients (54% female) were diagnosed with WT between 1975 and 2016. More advanced stage, larger primary tumor size, lymph node involvement, disease requiring radiotherapy, and omission of surgery were associated with worse OS (P<0.05). More advanced stage, larger primary tumor size, and disease requiring radiotherapy were also associated with older age, whereas bilateral disease was associated with younger age (P<0.001). On average, each year of age conferred an incremental hazard ratio (HR) of 1.07 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.12, P=0.018) independent of relevant covariates. The rise in adjusted OS HR was most pronounced after the transitions in diagnosis age from 2 to 3 (HRage 3–15 vs. 0–2 1.77, 95% CI, 1.11 to 2.82, P=0.016) and from 15 to 16 (HRage 16–19 vs. 3–15 2.58, 95% CI, 1.06 to 6.25, P=0.036).

Conclusions:
Diagnosis of pediatric WT at an older age was found to be independently associated with worse OS. Although additional prospective studies are warranted to examine tumor biology and other potential correlates, more aggressive treatment of older children based on age, especially as they approach early adulthood, may be considered in the multidisciplinary management of WT.
Potential Cardioprotective Role of Menaquinone-4 Against Cardiac Ischemia–reperfusion Injury
Authors: Hassan Ahmed El-Sayed , Hadhoud Shimaa , Elmahdi Essam , Elkattawy Hany A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Myocardial infarction is among the leading causes of mortality. Menaquinone-4 (MK-4), a vitamin K2 analog, might play a role in rescuing cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This work aimed to discover the potential cardioprotective role of MK-4 against myocardial I/R injury in rats. Thirty-two rats were categorized into 3 groups: (I/R) control group: subjected to I/R protocol (received vehicle), MK-4 preconditioning group: MK-4 infusion for 20 minutes before the I/R protocol, and MK-4 postconditioning group: MK-4 infusion for 20 minutes at the start of the reperfusion phase. The hearts were placed in the Langendorff apparatus, and the left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), heart rate (HR), + (LV dP/dt) max, − (LV dP/dt) max, and Tau were calculated. The necrotic mass was determined by staining it with nitro blue tetrazolium. Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C- reactive protein (CRP), as well as cardiac superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NOx), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels were all evaluated. MK-4 postconditioning significantly reduced myocardial infarct size; increased LVDP, + (LV dp/dt) max, − (LV dp/dt) max, and HR; reduced Tau, CK-MB, LDH, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, MDA, and NOx levels; and increased SOD activity, whereas no significant difference in the GSH level was detected. In conclusion, these data imply that MK-4 may protect the heart from the consequences of I/R.
Updates in management strategies of locally advanced sinonasal malignancy
Authors: Yaniv Dan , Su Shirley Y. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of review
Sinonasal tumors are a rare heterogenous group of pathologies with poor prognosis. In recent years better definition and understanding of histology, molecular classification, biological behavior and advances in therapy have resulted in improved prognosis. The purpose of this review is to give an updated summary of the recent advances in treatment, and where relevant, with references to pathology classifications.

Recent findings
Recent publications highlight the role of induction chemotherapy and advances in radiotherapy in advanced cancers. In addition, better understanding of genomics and histology specific treatment algorithms has led to more tailored treatment approaches. The role of immunotherapy and targeted therapy are yet to be explored.

Summary
This review gives an up to date summary of the advances in contemporary management strategies for locally advanced sinonasal malignancies and can serve as a guide for researchers and clinicians.
A Clinicopathologic and Molecular Characterization of Uterine Sarcomas Classified as Malignant PEComa
Authors: Anderson William J. , Dong Fei , Fletcher Christopher D.M. , Hirsch Michelle S. , Nucci Marisa R. 
Published: March 2023

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are a distinctive group of mesenchymal neoplasms that demonstrate features of smooth muscle and melanocytic differentiation. Here, we present the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of 15 uterine sarcomas diagnosed as malignant PEComa. The median patient age was 56 years (range: 27 to 86 y). The median tumor size was 8.0 cm (range: 5.0 to 14.0 cm). All tumors were classified as malignant based on the presence of mitoses (15/15; 100%), necrosis (15/15; 100%), lymphovascular invasion (8/15; 53%), and high nuclear grade (13/15; 87%). Molecular analysis revealed the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway gene mutations in 7 cases (47%), including mutually exclusive variants in TSC1 (27%) and TSC2 (20%). Recurrent alterations were also identified in TP53 (53%), RB1 (30%), ATRX (33%), and BRCA2 (13%). Tumors with inactivating ATRX mutations all demonstrated loss of ATRX expression by immunohistochemistry. Loss of expression was also observed in 2 tumors without demonstrable ATRX alterations. Clinical follow-up was available for 14 patients (range: 5 to 92 mo; median: 15 mo). Five patients developed local recurrence and 9 developed metastases; 2 patients died of their disease. Our series expands the spectrum of molecular events in tumors diagnosed as malignant PEComa and further highlights the important role of targeted sequencing in tumors with focal melanocytic marker expression.
Outcome in Children Admitted to the First PICU in Malawi*
Authors: de Visser Mirjam A. , Kululanga Diana , Chikumbanje Singatiya S. , Thomson Emma , Kapalamula Tiyamike , Borgstein Eric S. , Langton Josephine , Kadzamira Precious , Njirammadzi Jenala , van Woensel Job B. M. , Bentsen Gunnar , Weir Patricia M. , Calis Job C. J. 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Dedicated PICUs are slowly starting to emerge in sub-Saharan Africa. Establishing these units can be challenging as there is little data from this region to inform which populations and approaches should be prioritized. This study describes the characteristics and outcome of patients admitted to the first PICU in Malawi, with the aim to identify factors associated with increased mortality.

DESIGN:
Review of a prospectively constructed PICU database. Univariate analysis was used to assess associations between demographic, clinical and laboratory factors, and mortality. Univariate associations (p < 0.1) for mortality were entered in two multivariable models.

SETTING:
A recently opened PICU in a public tertiary government hospital in Blantyre, Malawi.

PATIENTS:
Children admitted to PICU between August 1, 2017, and July 31, 2019.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS:
Of 531 included PICU admissions, 149 children died (28.1%). Mortality was higher in neonates (88/167; 52.7%) than older children (61/364; 16.8%; p ≤ 0.001). On univariate analysis, gastroschisis, trachea-esophageal fistula, and sepsis had higher PICU mortality, while Wilms tumor, other neoplasms, vocal cord papilloma, and foreign body aspiration had higher survival rates compared with other conditions. On multivariable analysis, neonatal age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 4.0; 95% CI, 2.0–8.3), decreased mental state (AOR, 5.8; 95 CI, 2.4–13.8), post-cardiac arrest (AOR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.0–8.0), severe hypotension (AOR, 6.3; 95% CI, 2.0–19.1), lactate greater than 5 mmol/L (AOR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.5–11.2), pH less than 7.2 (AOR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.2–8.0), and platelets less than 150 × 109/L (AOR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.1–5.2) were associated with increased mortality.

CONCLUSIONS:
In the first PICU in Malawi, mortality was relatively high, especially in neonates. Surgical neonates and septic patients were identified as highly vulnerable, which stresses the importance of improvement of PICU care bundles for these groups. Several clinical and laboratory variables were associated with mortality in older children. In neonates, severe hypotension was the only clinical variable associated with increased mortality besides blood gas parameters. This stresses the importance of basic laboratory tests, especially in neonates. These data contribute to evidence-based approaches establishing and improving future PICUs in sub-Saharan Africa.
Aortic Peak Flow Velocity As a Predictor of Fluid Responsiveness in Mechanically Ventilated Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sethasathien Saviga , Jariyasakoolroj Theerapon , Silvilairat Suchaya , Srisurapanont Manit 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
This meta-analysis aimed to determine the accuracy of the respiratory variations in aortic peak flow velocity (delta Vpeak) in predicting fluid responsiveness and the moderators of that accuracy.

Data Sources:
We performed searches for studies that used delta Vpeak as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated children in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and CINAHL from inception to June 20, 2022.

Study Selection and Data Extraction:
Fifteen studies (n = 452) were included in this meta-analysis. The diagnostic test data of the included studies were synthesized as pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and the area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver operating characteristic of delta Vpeak.

Data Synthesis:
The delta Vpeak cutoff values applied in these studies had a median of 12.3% (interquartile range, 11.50–13.25%). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of delta Vpeak were 0.80 (95% CI, 0.71–0.87) and 0.82 (95% CI, 0.75–0.87), respectively. The DOR of delta Vpeak was 23.41 (95% CI, 11.61–47.20). The AUC of delta Vpeak was 0.87. Subgroup analyses revealed that the accuracy of delta Vpeak was not moderated by ventilator settings, measures of delta Vpeak, gold standard index, the cutoff gold standard value of responders, type and volume of fluid, duration of fluid challenge, use of vasoactive drugs, general anesthesia, and cardiopulmonary bypass.

Conclusions:
By using the cutoff of approximately 12.3%, the delta Vpeak appears to have good accuracy in predicting fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated children. The moderators of delta Vpeak predictability are not found.
Locoregional Treatment of Glioblastoma With Targeted α Therapy
Authors: Królicki Leszek , Kunikowska Jolanta , Bruchertseifer Frank , Kuliński Radosław , Pawlak Dariusz , Koziara Henryk , Rola Rafał , Morgenstern Alfred , Merlo Adrian 
Published: March 2023

Background
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most malignant primary brain tumor. Therefore, introduction of new treatment options is critically important. The aim of this study was to assess local treatment with α emitters [213Bi]Bi-DOTA–substance P (SP) and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-SP.

Methods
Treatment was performed as salvage therapy in patients with recurrent primary and secondary GB. [213Bi]Bi-DOTA-SP with injected activity 1.85 GBq per cycle was used in 20 primary (48.2 ± 11.8 years old) and in 9 secondary (38.8 ± 10.8 years old) GB patients and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-SP in 15 primary (45.1 ± 9.9 years old) and in 6 secondary (37.8 ± 6.4 years old) GB patients with a dose escalation scheme (10, 20, and 30 MBq).

Results
Local treatment with [213Bi]Bi-DOTA-SP and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-SP was well tolerated with only few adverse effects. There was no statistically significant difference between [213Bi]Bi-DOTA-SP and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-SP groups in survival parameters. For primary GB, survival parameters of patients treated with [213Bi]Bi-DOTA-SP and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-SP were as follows(in months): progression-free survival time, 2.7 versus 2.4; OS-d (overall survival from time of diagnosis to death from any cause), 23.6 versus 21.0; OS-t (overall survival from the start of treatment to death from any cause), 7.5 versus 5.0; and OS-r (overall survival from recurrence in primary tumors to death from any cause), 10.9 versus 12.0. Survival parameters of secondary GB patients treated with [213Bi]Bi-DOTA-SP and [225Ac]Ac-DOTA-SP were as follows (in months): progression-free survival time, 5.8 versus 2.4; OS-d, 52.3 versus 65.0; OS-t, 16.4 versus 16.0; and OS-c (overall survival from conversion into secondary GB multiforme to death from any cause), 18.4 versus 36.0.

Conclusions
The similarity results of 213Bi or 225Ac may suggest that the local treatment of brain tumors can be greatly simplified. The experience to date shows that local radioisotope treatment of brain tumors requires further dosimetry studies, taking into account the complexity of biological processes.