bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generic versus disease-specific adverse event reporting: a comparison of the NSQIP and SAVES databases for the identification of acute care adverse events in adult spine surgery
Authors: Moskven Eryck , Daly Christopher D. , Nevin Jennifer , Bourassa-Moreau Étienne , Ailon Tamir , Charest-Morin Raphaële , Dea Nicolas , Dvorak Marcel F. , Fisher Charles G. , Kwon Brian K. , Paquette Scott , Street John T. 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE
The accurate identification and reporting of adverse events (AEs) is crucial for quality improvement. A myriad of AE systems are utilized. There is a lack of understanding of the differences between prospective versus retrospective, disease-specific versus generic, and point-of-care versus chart-abstracted systems. The objective of this study was to compare the benefits and limitations between the prospective, disease-specific, point-of-care Spine Adverse Events Severity System (SAVES) and the retrospective, generic, and chart-abstracted National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) for the identification and reporting of AEs in adult patients undergoing spinal surgery.

METHODS
The authors conducted an observational ambidirectional cohort study of adult patients undergoing spine surgery other than for trauma between 2011 and 2019 in a quaternary spine center. Patients were identified using Current Procedural Terminology codes in the NSQIP database and matched using unique medical record numbers to their corresponding record in SAVES. The incidence of AEs and per-patient AEs as recorded in NSQIP and SAVES was the primary outcome of interest. Comparable AEs were identified by matching NSQIP AEs to equivalent ones in SAVES. Chi-square tests were used to test for significant differences in the incidence of overall and comparable AEs between the databases.

RESULTS
There were 2198 patients identified in NSQIP, of whom 2033 also had complete records in SAVES. SAVES identified 5342 individual AEs in 1484 patients (73%) compared with 1291 individual AEs in 807 patients (39.7%) with the NSQIP database (p < 0.001). SAVES identified 250 intraoperative and 422 postoperative spine-specific AEs that NSQIP did not record. NSQIP captured a greater number of AEs beyond 30 days, including prolonged length of stay > 30 days, unplanned readmission, unplanned reoperation, and death later than 30 days after surgery compared with SAVES.

CONCLUSIONS
SAVES captures a greater incidence of peri- and intraoperative spine-specific AEs than NSQIP, while NSQIP identifies a greater number of AEs beyond 30 days. While a prospective, disease-specific, point-of-care AE system such as SAVES is specific for guiding quality improvement in spine surgery, it incurs greater time and financial costs. Conversely, a retrospective, generic, and chart-abstracted system such as NSQIP provides equivocal cross-institutional comparability with reduced time and financial costs. Specific contextual and aim-specific needs should guide the choice and implementation of an AE system.
PENERAPAN METODE PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA”STOP TRASH” TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN MENGENAI SAMPAH PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR DI INDRAMAYU
Authors: Fitriyah Sukhriyatun , Rahmawati Ade 
Published: April 2023

Permainan ular tangga merupakan permainan edukatif bagi anak usia sekolah yang bersifat menyenangkan sehingga anak dapat tertarik untuk belajar sekaligus dapat bermain, permainan ular tangg dapat dilakukan baik di dalam kelas maupun di luar kelas, serta dapat merangsang anak untuk beraktivitas secara berkelompok atau individu. Edukasi pendidikan kesehatan melaui metode permainan ular tangga membuat responden lebih mudah menerima informasi yang diberikan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Pengumpulan sampel dilaksanakan di SDN singaraja I dan II kelas 4 s.d. 6 dengan rentang usia 10 s.d. 12 tahun. Sampel dari penelitian ini sebanyak 135 siswa dengan 81 siswa perempuan dan 51 Siswa laki-laki. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Uji Wilcoxon Rank Test dengan hasil Z =-8.421 nilai Asymp. Sig (2-tailed) atau p-value pada tingkat pengetahuan (0,000) < 0.05. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan media permainan "stop trash" terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan siswa sekolah dasar negeri singaraja mengenai sampah. ada beberapa kelebihan media permainan diantaranya permainan bersifat menyenangkan, memungkinkan adanya partisipasi untuk belajar, memberikan umpan balik, memungkinkan anak untuk memecahkan masalah-masalah, memberikan pengalaman-pengalaman nyata, serta membantu meningkatkan kemampuan komunikatifnya. Penggunaan jenis media permainan yang tepat akan memudahkan untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan kesehatan.
Breaking the commute barrier: How women in Jabodetabek overcome daily challenges on commuting for work
Authors: Hidayati Inayah 
Published: April 2023

Ensuring safe and convenient transportation is vital for promoting gender equality. Unfortunately, women in Jabodetabek, Indonesia, frequently express insecurity in public transport due to harassment and violence, particularly in crowded buses and trains. This is a critical issue since secure and reliable transportation enables women to engage fully in education, employment, and daily activities. To better understand women's experiences with public transportation in Jabodetabek, a study was conducted using a case study method. Six women commuters who used public transportation to travel within and between Jabodetabek were recruited based on their willingness to share their experiences and the diversity of their routes. The study used qualitative research methods to collect data, including in-depth interviews and observations of informants' commutes. The study discovered that women in Jabodetabek consider safety concerns and social norms crucial when deciding their transportation mode and route. Women's route choices are influenced by the presence of other women, well-lit areas, and visible security personnel, which contribute to their perceived safety and comfort. Gender plays a significant role in shaping these decisions. The implications of these findings are significant for transportation policy and planning in Jabodetabek. The research underscores the need to develop gender-responsive transportation policies and programs that address women commuters' unique challenges and needs. For example, transportation planners can take steps to increase security personnel presence and improve lighting in areas frequented by women. Moreover, providing women-only transportation options can enhance the safety and comfort of women during their travel. The present research is distinguished by its investigation of women's route choices and the multifaceted factors that shape their decision-making process. In addition, this research represents a gap in the existing literature that has yet to be extensively examined, thereby rendering this study a distinctive and valuable contribution to the field.
Evaluation of the Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Bone Mineral Density of Upper and Lower Limbs by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry
Authors: Abdel Aziz Zainb A. , Dawood Numan S. , Al-Khalisy Maan H. 
Published: April 2023

الخلفية: تم تقييم كثافة المعادن في العظام () باستخدام مقياس امتصاص الأشعة السينية ثنائي الطاقة (DEXA). يتم قياس كثافة المعادن بالعظام وفقًا لنتائج فحص DEXA للعمود الفقري والحوض. على الرغم من أنه من المعروف أن مرض السكري () يؤثر على كثافة المعادن بالعظام ، إلا أن المعلومات المتعلقة بهذه العلاقة ليست واضحة بشكل خاص حاليًا.
الهدف: كان الهدف من الدراسة الحالية هو تقييم آثار داء السكري من النوع الثاني على كثافة المعادن في العظام في الأطراف العلوية والسفلية وكذلك الفروق بين الجنسين.
طريقة العمل: تضمنت هذه الدراسة 165 مريضاً يشكون من آلام في العظام (85 ذكراً و 80 أنثى) ، نصفهم يعانون من مرض السكري ، والذي يشمل كلا الجنسين. علاوة على ذلك ، تمت دراسة 90 متطوعًا يتمتعون بصحة جيدة على ما يبدو واعتبروا أنهم يشكلون المجموعة الضابطة. تعرض جميع الأفراد (255) في هذه الدراسة لدراسة كثافة المعادن بالعظام عبر DEXA لجميع أجزاء الجسم.
النتائج: كشف اختبار DEXA عن فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عالية بين جانبي الجسم في نفس الموضوع. بالإضافة إلى ذلك ، كانت هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في كثافة المعادن بالعظام بين الإناث والذكور ، وفروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عالية بين مجموعة التحكم والمرضى معDMII .
الإستنتاجات : أشارت نتائجنا إلى أن كثافة المعادن في عظام النساء كانت أقل من تلك الموجودة في الرجال في جميع الحالات (طبيعية ، هشاشة العظام ، و DMII مع هشاشة العظام). كشفت النتائج الأخرى التي تم الحصول عليها من هذا البحث أن DM II يمكن اعتباره أحد الأسباب الرئيسية لهشاشة العظام في عموم السكان.
A Systematic Review of Treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations
Authors: Azwar Fathy , Nasution Muhammad Deni 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CMs), also known as cavernomas, are brain vascular anomalies that consist of clusters of aberrant, hyalinized capillaries surrounded by hemosiderin deposits and a gliotic border. CMs are also known as cavernomas. The vasculature is filled with blood and can exhibit varying degrees of thrombosis. The familial form of CMs is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner and is caused by a heterozygous mutation in one of the three genes, CCM1, CCM2, and CCM3, which may be located on the 7q, 7p, and 3p chromosomes, respectively. This type of CMs affects only one member of the immediate family. Patients diagnosed with CMs make up anywhere from forty to sixty percent of those who have the familial variety. Treatment options for CM lesions include microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, and conservative care. The most common procedure is called a microsurgical resection.
Method: The aim of study of this study to investigate the treatment of cerebral cavernous malformations. This study used the literature review method by discovering articles using the search engine PubMed and SagePub and 6 articles met the inclusion criteria in this study.
Result: According to the findings of the study, there were no significant variations in patient outcomes in terms of the frequency of seizures between those patients who had surgery and those who received conservative medicinal treatment.
Discussion: Cavernous malformations are intracerebral anomalies that were only brought to our attention in a meaningful way after the development of MRI technology. They are relatively frequent. Treatment includes microsurgery and radiosurgery. Microsurgery cures the patient but has substantial problems with complications, deterioration and partial removal. Cavernomas that were previously inoperable can now be treated with stereotactic radiosurgery. More research is required to fully understand the long-term neurological implications of SRS. In order to evaluate the efficacy of cavernoma treatments, the natural history of the tumors must be investigated.

Conclusion: Microsurgery, stereotactic radiosurgery, and conservative management treat CM lesions. Microsurgical resection is most common. Stereotactic radiosurgery can now treat inoperable cavernomas. SRS's long-term neurological effects need further study. The natural history of cavernomas must be studied to determine therapeutic success.
Assessment of the management of medical waste during the Coronavirus epidemic was occurring in Al-Diwaniyah Hospital
Authors: Razaq Rahi Hamlan  , Alaa Kadhim Jasim  , Atheer Kadhim Ibadi  
Published: April 2023

Medical waste is a global issue because of its detrimental effects on societal safety and the environment.
Due to its contagious and harmful nature, which can have negative consequences on people and the environment, medical waste treatment is crucial.
Objective: assessment of the medical waste management during the Coronavirus epidemic was occurring in Al-Diwaniyah Hospitals.
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was used to carry out the investigation. To randomly select cases, a self-administered Arabic language questionnaire was used. The analysis uses SPSS Version 21.
Results: General trash has been accounted for the majority of the waste produced in hospitals, with hazardous medical waste accounting for the second-highest percentage (63%) of waste handlers. In Al-Diwaniyah General Hospital, management levels were subpar, and medical waste management (MW) awareness among the entire medical teams was lacking.. the administrative employees, health professionals, and the cleaning staff did not have the necessary level of understanding concerning medical waste. The report suggests that integrated medical waste management should be clarified, suitable roles should be established, regulatory and legislative departments need to be supported, and increasing the training programs in the that medical institusion
The Effectiveness of an Instructional Program on Nurses Knowledge and Practice Infection Control and the care of neonate
Authors: Oday Faris Washeel  
Published: April 2023

Analyze the impact of a newborn intensive care unit nurse education program on the nurses' infection control knowledge and practice.
Theoretical/Probabilistic (pre-test and post-test for the study group). Both Al-Mussawi Hospital and Bint Al-Huda Maternity Hospital in Nasiriya city housed two of Nasiriya's pediatric hospitals for the research. A total of 50 nurses were included in the research. A questionnaire and a checklist were used to gather the data (to measure practice). Analyses of the data were carried out utilizing SPSS version 19 (SPSS). The knowledge of nurses was significantly different between the pre- and post-tests (P< 0.05). 18 (36 %) of the nurses correctly answered the sterilization definition prior to attending the training, but 47 (94 %) correctly answered the definition after attending the program. Disinfectant, per dictionary definition After attending the session, 38 (78 %) of the nurses gave the proper definition of disinfectant, compared to 14 (28 %) of the nurses gave the correct response before attending the program. Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is considered a common precaution in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Before the program, the percentage of nurses who properly answered questions concerning standard precautions and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in NICU care was lower than the increased percentage of nurses' answers following the course. After a pre- and post-test assessment, the mean value of nurses' replies to the first statement (definition of sterilization) was (0.69
Clinical Features of COVID-19 Patients in Thi-Qar Province
Authors: A Abd Akram , Salman Mahdi Dawood , Edan Alsaimary Ihsan 
Published: April 2023

Coronavirus disease–2019 (COVID-19) was detected in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, resulting in a 2% fatality rate. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that causes this illness, and it is a newly discovered zoonotic strain.TLRs, which identify microbial components originating from invading pathogens, are implicated in the activation of innateresponses to SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as the hyperinflammatory phenotype of COVID-19.
Aim: Determining the most common clinical factors in people with Covid and adopting them as the initial clinical diagnosis. Toreduce the risk of disease.Results: The highest age group of patients with covid_19 was (45-54 years) were 26 (29.5%) of all study patients. The mostfrequent symptom was fever (82.9%), and the least was diarrhea (21.6%). The study found no significant positive effect onsmoking and non-smokers.
Evaluation of Performance Quality of Workers in Medical Laboratories within the Health Sector under the Corona Pandemic in Al-Muthana Governorate/Iraq
Authors: Ali Harb Noor , Kadhim Jasim Alaa 
Published: April 2023

Laboratory performance is a relative concept, but it is crucial in the whole testing process, as are quality and safety. The study aimed to assess the quality of performance of workers in medical laboratories within the health sector during the Corona pandemic.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at 3 hospitals, 19 PHCCs distributed in 5 sectors, and 1 Public Health Laboratory randomly selected ( using a Multistage random sampling method) in Muthanna governorate. The period of study starts on 1 December 2021 – 31 March 2021.
Results: The study found that 77.0% of the participants had a moderate assessment score, followed by 20.4%having a good assessment score. At the same time, the lowest percentage (2.6%) of the employees have a poorassessment score.
Association Abdominal Obesity with Dietary Habits and demographic Variables among Students at Southern Technical University
Authors: AbeerKhiryDekan  , JabbarTaresh Ahmed  , Sajjad Salim Issa  
Published: April 2023

Obesity and overweight are still very common diseases affecting most regions of the world. According to studies, the increasing obesity prevalence in both adults and children of all ages, regardless of geography, race, or socioeconomic status. The Abdominal obesity is featured by fat accumulation in abdomen or atrophy of the large muscle group or both. So, the waist circumference (WC) is greater than the hip circumference (higher WHR) because of the accumulation of fat inside the abdomen. This study aims to find an association between abdominal obesity and dietary habits.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional survey; of 384 participants randomly selected from the formations of the Southern Technical University in Basra Governorate southern Iraq from (The College of Health and Medical Technologies, Technical College Administrative. Technical College of Engineering and Technical Institute in Basra) the data was gathered by conducting in-person interviews with the participants and utilizing thorough self-reporting survey questionnaires. Results: The present study reveals that more than half (51.0%) of students rest in the normal range. While 49.0% of them have abdominal obesity. Conclusion: With the exception of rice and soft drinks, the results of the current study showed no significant correlation between dietary habits and WC. To address the high incidence of abdominal obesity, among university students who need health education programs.
Evaluation of Selenium and Vitamin E Levels in Women with Recurrent Miscarriage
Authors: Zeina J. AbduLshaheed  , Ali A. H. Albakaa  , Hasan Abd Ali Khudhair  
Published: April 2023

The most frequent pregnancy issue is a miscarriage, which is defined as the spontaneous end of pregnancy before the fetus reaches viability. The current research aims to identify the potential significance of selenium (Se) and vitamin E (VE) as predictive diagnostic biomarkers in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).
Methods: A case control study that included three study groups; 35 women with RPL, 30 non-aborted pregnant (NAP) women, and 25 healthy women. After rigorously applying the eligibility requirements, patients were chosen from those visiting Bint Al-Huda Teaching Hospital and Suq Al-Shuyukh General Hospital in Thi-Qar Province (Iraq). Serum VE and serum Se levels were determined using the ELISA and atomic absorption spectrophotometer techniques, respectively.
Results: The outcomes showed that the RPL group's serum VE and Se below normal levels were (88.6% and 62.9% respectively) lower than in the healthy control group (28% and 24% respectively). The level of VE was depleted in NAP group (93.3%) compared to HC group (28%) with significant differences, whereas the level of Se was significantly lower in RPL group (62.9%) compared NAP group (13.3%).
Conclusions: A significant positive association of VE and Se in RPL and a significant negative association of VE and Se in NAP and HC.
Evaluation of leptin hormone and Tumor necrosis factor levels in patients with type two diabetes mellites
Authors: Qaiser I. Mahdi  , Mahdi M. Thuwaini  , Hamid J. Abbas  
Published: April 2023

: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Leptin, an adipokine with the primary function of regulating energy balance, is found to mediate insulin secretion and sensitivity in peripheral tissues. Aims: Hence, we aimed to determine the role of leptin in the development of insulin resistance (IR) in newly diagnosed T2DM patients and determine tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α). Materials and methods: A case control study a total of 80 patients and 50 control groups, used Cobas E311 device to measure glucose, whereas HbA1c used D-10 hemoglobin Hba1c device whereas other parameters used ELISA methods were used to analyses 130 samples Results: Highly significant increase level of Fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, Insulin, Leptin and HOMA- insulin resistance whereas significant decrease level of TNF alpha and , Plasminogen activator inhibitors -1 in patient type two diabetes mellitus compared to the control group. Conclusion: increased the level of leptin levels while TNF-α levels were decreased in type 2 diabetes patients.
Relation of IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-8 with stable angina pectoris
Authors: Hamza A. Khalid  , Mahdi M. Thuwaini  , Ali Esmail Al-Snafi  
Published: April 2023

The inflammatory mediators released by injured endothelium enhance the interaction of circulating leukocytes with endothelial cells and contribute to development and progression of atherosclerosis. In this study we designed to determine some interleukins (IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6 and IL-8) as diagnostic markers instable angina pectoris.
Methods: The study was carried out on 30 patients who were diagnosed with stable angina pectoris (18 males and 12 females).They visited Nasiriya Heart Center throughout the period from the beginning of November 2021 to the end of April 2022, and 20 age matched healthy person (13 males and 7 females). IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8 were assayed by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Troponin I (cTnl) was determined by using monoclonal cTnI-specific antibody. D- dimer by electro-chemiluminescence method. CK-MB by monoclonal CK-MB-specific antibody. Myoglobin by monoclonal MYO-specific antibody.
Results: Male and female patients with stable angina showed significantly elevated serum levels of troponin (P<0.001), D-dimer (P<0.001) and (P<0.01) respectively, CK-MB (P<0.01), myoglobin (P<0.01), IL-1β (P<0.01 and <0.05 respectively) and IL-6 (P<0.05), with non-significant changes in the levels of IL-5 and IL-8 in comparison with healthy male and female individuals respectively.
Conclusion: In addition to troponin, D-dimer, CK-MB and myoglobin; the proinflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, and IL-6 are helpful diagnostic markers instable angina pectoris.
Knowledge of Mothers about Children Nutrition under Five Years in Babylon City, Iraq
Authors: Mazin faeq Abdulzahra  , Jabbar Taresh Ahmed  , Qais Ismaeel Kadhem  
Published: April 2023

The study aims to identify mothers' knowledge about children's nutrition under five years in Babylon city. Materials and methods: This study is a cross-sectional study on mothers' knowledge about children's nutrition under five years in primary health care centers in urban and rural of Al- Hilla city. The study period runs from November 1st, 2021, to March 1st, 2022. The data was collected by questionnaire through questions and an interview with mothers after obtaining their approval. Results: shows the total knowledge score of mothers, most of them (54.3%) scored moderate knowledge, followed by (43.9%) scored good knowledge. Conclusion: the study reveals that it did not find a statistically important association between demographic characteristics and total knowledge score, except for age groups, house type, and educational level of mother and father. Aims of the study: To identify mothers' knowledge about children's nutrition under five years in Al-Hilla city, To find an association between total knowledge score and demographic characteristics.
Keywords