bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wide binaries demonstrate the consistency of rotational evolution between open cluster and field stars
Authors: Gruner D. , Barnes S. A. , Janes K. A. 
Published: June 2023

Context.Gyrochronology enables the derivation of ages of late-type main sequence stars based on their rotation periods and a mass proxy, such as color. It has been explored in open clusters, but a connection to field stars has yet to be successfully established.Aims.We explore the rotation rates of wide binaries, representing enlightening intermediaries between clusters and field stars, and their overlap with those of open cluster stars.Methods.We investigated a recently created catalog of wide binaries, matched the cataloged binaries to observations by theKeplermission (and its K2 extension), validated or re-derived their rotation periods, identified 283 systems where both stars are on the main sequence and have vetted rotation periods, and compared the systems with open cluster data.Results.We find that the vast majority of these wide binaries (236) line up directly along the curvilinear ribs defined by open clusters in color-period diagrams or along the equivalent interstitial gaps between successive open clusters. The parallelism in shape is remarkable. Twelve additional systems are clearly rotationally older. The deviant systems, a minority, are mostly demonstrably hierarchical. Furthermore, the position of the evolved component in the color-magnitude diagram for the additional wide binary systems that contain one is consistent with the main sequence component’s rotational age.Conclusions.We conclude that wide binaries, despite their diversity, follow the same spindown relationship as observed in open clusters, and we find that rotation-based age estimates yield the same ages for both components in a wide binary. This suggests that cluster and field stars spin down in the same way and that gyrochronology can be applied to field stars to determine their ages, provided that they are sufficiently distant from any companions to be considered effectively single. The results also suggest that the impact of metallicity variations on the spindown is likely not to be a major concern.
Neurogenic diabetes insipidus in a critical patient with COVID-19 pneumonia in treatment with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a case report
Authors: Samaniego-Segovia Bruno , Rizo-Topete Lilia , Garza-Gomez Montserrat de la , Rodriguez-Salinas Cesar Alejandro , Martínez-Cadena Salim , López-Romo Alicia , Gomez-Gutierrez Rene , Chavarría-Martínez Uriel , Sánchez-Salazar Sergio 
Published: June 2023

The following case report analyses a patient with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), who suffered from a severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19 pneumonia. ARDS is defined as a diffuse and inflammatory injury of the lungs; classifying this as severe when the ratio of arterial oxygen tension to a fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) is equal to or lower than 100 mmHg. To decide if the patient was suitable for the use of ECMO therapy, the ELSO criteria were used; and in this case, the patient matched with the criteria of hypoxemic respiratory failure (with a PaO2/FiO2 < 80 mmHg) after optimal medical management, including, in the absence of contraindications, a trial of prone positioning. During hospitalization, the patient presented a Central Diabetes Insipidus (CDI), probably explained by the damage hypoxia generated on the central nervous system. There are few reports of this complication produced by COVID-19. The case is about a 39-year-old woman, who started with ECMO 6 days after the beginning of Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (IMV), because of a severe ARDS. On the fifth day of ECMO, the patient started with a polyuria of 7 L in 24 h. A series of paraclinical studies were made, but no evidence of central nervous system lesions was found. After treatment with desmopressin was initiated and the ARDS was solved, polyuria stopped; with this, CDI was diagnosed. There are many complications secondary to the evolution of COVID-19 infection, and some of them are not yet well explained.
Erfahrungen von Typ-1-Diabetes-Patienten bei stationären Behandlungen – eine Patientenbefragung von winDiab
Authors: Hess Gregor M. , Weber Dietmar , Kellerer Monika , Fritsche Andreas , Kaltheuner F. Matthias 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Befragung von Typ-1-Diabetes-Patienten im Jahr nach Kliniksaufenthalt sollte, soweit
retrospektiv möglich, objektive Gegebenheiten zu ihrem stationären Aufenthalt und subjektive
Wahrnehmungen des Erlebten ermitteln. Hierbei galt es Unterschiede zwischen DDG-zertifizierten
und nicht zertifizierten Kliniken und zwischen verschiedenen Fachabteilungen zu ermitteln.
Durch Befragung von 6507 Menschen mit Typ-1-Diabetes ergaben sich Daten von 2023 Patienten zu
ihren stationären Aufenthalten, 34 % davon waren Insulin-Pumpenträger. Waren die Kliniken
nicht Diabetes-zertifiziert, gab es insgesamt bis zu 30 % schlechte Erfahrungen und gerade die
Pumpenpatienten blieben in über 80 Prozent ohne Ansprechpartner für ihre Technologie.
Zertifizierte Kliniken schnitten deutlich besser ab. Hieraus ist ein klarer
gesundheitspolitischer Handlungsimperativ abzuleiten.
Critical factors influencing information disclosure in public organisations
Authors: Tejedo-Romero Francisca , Ferraz Esteves Araujo Joaquim Filipe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOpen government initiatives around the world and the passage of freedom of information laws are opening public organisations through information disclosure to ensure transparency and encourage citizen participation and engagement. At the municipal level, social, economic, and political factors are found to account for this trend. However, the findings on this issue are inconclusive and may differ from country to country. This paper contributes to this discussion by analysing a unitary country where the same set of laws and rules governs the constituent municipalities. It seeks to identify critical factors that affect the disclosure of municipal information. For this purpose, a longitudinal study was carried out over a period of 4 years using panel data methodology. The main conclusions seem to point to municipalities’ intention to increase the dissemination of information to reduce low levels of voter turnout and increase civic involvement and political participation. Municipalities governed by leftist parties and those that have high indebtedness are most likely to disclose information. Additionally, internet access has created new opportunities for citizens to access information, which exerts pressure for greater dissemination of information by municipalities. These findings are important to practitioners because they indicate the need to improve citizens’ access to the Internet and maintain information disclosure strategies beyond election periods.
Deconstructing media narratives of the Indo-Pacific strategy: Exploring India’s ontological security and national identity in the Times of India
Authors: Li Zhou , Sheng Li 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIndia’s attempt to forge a distinct role for itself in the global order started soon after independence in 1947. Since this watershed event, India’s policymakers have gradually recast their initial strategy of nonalignment, as they realized that Nehruvian “soft” power was not adequate for creating an especially dynamic presence in an increasingly volatile international environment. In response to this realization, India embarked on a journey of transforming its diplomatic benchmarks. In 2017, to counter China’s assertiveness across the region, India joined then-U.S. President Donald Trump’s advocacy in launching the Indo-Pacific strategy. Transforming the nation’s diplomatic benchmarks while maintaining a coherent narrative of national identity was the main challenge. This paper examines the role that media narratives play in maintaining that coherent national identity. To do so, we analyzed 47 reports by the Times of India (TOI) on the Indo-Pacific strategy in order to reveal how elite media strategically framed the nation’s regional policy, thereby ensuring its ontological security—its sense of continuity and order—while conveying its global aspirations.
Work in nursing homes and occupational exposure to endotoxin and bacterial and fungal species
Authors: Rasmussen Pil Uthaug , Uhrbrand Katrine , Frederiksen Margit W , Madsen Anne Mette 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Indoor microbial exposure may cause negative health effects. Only little is known about the occupational microbial exposure in nursing homes and the factors that influence the exposure. The exposure in nursing homes may be increased due to close contact with elderly persons who may carry infectious or antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms and due to handling of laundry, such as used clothing and bed linen. We investigated the microbial exposure in 5 nursing homes in Denmark, by use of personal bioaerosol samples from different groups of staff members taken during a typical working day, stationary bioaerosol measurements taken during various work tasks, sedimented dust samples, environmental surface swabs, and swabs from staff members’ hands. From the samples, we explored bacterial and fungal concentrations and species composition, endotoxin levels, and antimicrobial resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus isolates. Microbial concentrations from personal exposure samples differed among professions, and geometric means (GM) were 2,159 cfu/m3 (84 to 1.5 × 105) for bacteria incubated on nutrient agar, 1,745 cfu/m3 (82 to 2.0 × 104) for bacteria cultivated on a Staphylococcus selective agar, and 16 cfu/m3 air for potential pathogenic fungi incubated at 37 °C (below detection limit to 257). Bacterial exposures were elevated during bed making. On surfaces, the highest bacterial concentrations were found on bed railings. The majority of bacterial species found were related to the human skin microflora, such as different Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium species. Endotoxin levels ranged from 0.02 to 59.0 EU/m3, with a GM of 1.5 EU/m3. Of 40 tested A. fumigatus isolates, we found one multiresistant isolate, which was resistant towards both itraconazole and voriconazole, and one isolate resistant towards amphotericin B. In conclusion, we give an overview of the general microbial exposure in nursing homes and show that microbial exposures are higher for staff with more care and nursing tasks compared with administrative staff.
A comparison of passive and active dust sampling methods for measuring airborne methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pig farms
Authors: Rittscher Anne E , Vlasblom Abel A , Duim Birgitta , Scherpenisse Peter , van Schothorst Isabella J , Wouters Inge M , Van Gompel Liese , Smit Lidwien A M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are resistant to most β-lactam antibiotics. Pigs are an important reservoir of livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA), which is genetically distinct from both hospital and community-acquired MRSA. Occupational exposure to pigs on farms can lead to LA-MRSA carriage by workers. There is a growing body of research on MRSA found in the farm environment, the airborne route of transmission, and its implication on human health. This study aims to directly compare two sampling methods used to measure airborne MRSA in the farm environment; passive dust sampling with electrostatic dust fall collectors (EDCs), and active inhalable dust sampling using stationary air pumps with Gesamtstaubprobenahme (GSP) sampling heads containing Teflon filters. Paired dust samples using EDCs and GSP samplers, totaling 87 samples, were taken from 7 Dutch pig farms, in multiple compartments housing pigs of varying ages. Total nucleic acids of both types of dust samples were extracted and targets indicating MRSA (femA, nuc, mecA) and total bacterial count (16S rRNA) were quantified using quantitative real-time PCRs. MRSA could be measured from all GSP samples and in 94% of the EDCs, additionally MRSA was present on every farm sampled. There was a strong positive relationship between the paired MRSA levels found in EDCs and those measured on filters (Normalized by 16S rRNA; Pearson’s correlation coefficient r = 0.94, Not Normalized; Pearson’s correlation coefficient r = 0.84). This study suggests that EDCs can be used as an affordable and easily standardized method for quantifying airborne MRSA levels in the pig farm setting.
Weapon morphology and performance predict fighting outcomes in the giant mesquite bug, Pachylis neocalifornicus
Authors: Graham Zackary A , Emberts Zachary 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Many animals engage in direct competition with other members of their species over access to resources. Winning such contests often increases an individual’s fitness. Thus, it is important to understand which factors determine contest outcomes. In weapon-bearing species, body size and weapon size have been reported to be important predictors of fighting success. However, it is unclear if one trait is a better predictor of success compared to the other. Additionally, there are mixed results as to whether performance measurements (e.g. force output of a weapon) are better predictors of fighting success than linear measurements (e.g. weapon size and body size). In this study, we randomly paired 124 Pachylis neocalifornicus (Insecta: Hemiptera: Coreidae) males in territorial interactions to investigate whether differences in body size, weapon size or weapon performance best predict fighting outcomes. We found that weapon size and weapon performance are better predictors of fighting outcomes than body size. However, we did not find clear evidence that linear measurements are better than performance measurements at predicting contest winners, as suggested in a recent meta-analysis. These results highlight the importance of weapon performance measurements and encourage future studies to continue investigating how non-size related traits (e.g. performance) influence contest outcomes.
Efficient Comparison Of Independence Structures Of Log-Linear Models
Authors: Strappa Jan , Bromberg Facundo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Log-linear models are a family of probability distributions which capture relationships between variables. They have been proven useful in a wide variety of fields such as epidemiology, economics and sociology. The interest in using these models is that they are able to capture context-specific independencies, relationships that provide richer structure to the model. Many approaches exist for automatic learning of the independence structure of log-linear models from data. The methods for evaluating these approaches, however, are limited, and are mostly based on indirect measures of the complete density of the probability distribution. Such computation requires additional learning of the numerical parameters of the distribution, which introduces distortions when used for comparing structures. This work addresses this issue by presenting the first measure for the direct and efficient comparison of independence structures of log-linear models. Our method relies only on the independence structure of the models, which is useful when the interest lies in obtaining knowledge from said structure, or when comparing the performance of structure learning algorithms, among other possible uses. We present proof that the measure is a metric, and a method for its computation that is efficient in the number of variables of the domain.
Effects of soil moisture on tunneling, survivorship, and food consumption of the Formosan and eastern subterranean termites (Blattodea: Rhinotermitidae)
Authors: Richardson Steven , Sun Qian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Soil moisture is a critical environmental factor for the survival and behavior of subterranean termites (family Rhinotermitidae). The invasive Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, and the native eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar), co-occur in the southeastern United States, while R. flavipes is distributed in a wider geoclimatic range. Previous studies showed that subterranean termites preferred higher soil moisture levels for tunneling and feeding; however, the impacts of constant moisture remained to be characterized to understand their moisture tolerance. In this study, we hypothesized that different soil moisture regimes can alter termite foraging and survival, and that the effects differ between the two species. The tunneling activity, survivorship, and food consumption of termites were documented for 28 days with different sand moisture conditions ranging from no moisture to full saturation (0%, 1%, 5%, 15%, 25%, and 30%). We found that there were no significant differences in the responses between C. formosanus and R. flavipes. In both species, termites did not survive or tunnel with 0% moisture. Termites performed tunneling with only 1% sand moisture, although they did not survive for 28 days. A minimal of 5% sand moisture was required for survival, and there were no significant differences in survivorship, tunneling activity, or food consumption among moisture contents of 5–30%. The results suggest that subterranean termites are resilient to moisture extremes. Colonies can tolerate low moisture conditions in their foraging environment for extended times, which may allow them to tunnel and find new moisture sources for colony survival.
Trade-Offs of Attending Better Schools: Achievement, Self-Perceptions and Educational Trajectories
Authors: Fabregas Raissa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper estimates the impacts of attending better middle schools on the test scores, on-time graduation, self-reported socio-emotional skills, aspirations and high school track choices of marginally admitted students. A regression discontinuity design comparing students just above and below the admission threshold to higher-achieving middle schools in Mexico shows some modest gains on externally graded tests, but adverse effects on grade point average and on-time graduation. By the end of middle school, marginally admitted students feel academically inferior to their peers, obtain worse scores on measures of conscientiousness, and are more likely to shift their aspirations and subsequent schooling choices from academic to vocational programmes. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that unfavourable peer comparisons, stemming from direct observation or subjective teacher assessments, can be sufficiently important to affect students’ educational trajectories.
Digest: Experimental evidence of gene flow impacts on host adaptation to a parasite
Authors: Mendelson Bonnie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Does gene flow disrupt or facilitate the evolution of parasite resistance in host populations? Lewis et al. use a host–parasite system consisting of Caenorhabditis elegans (host) and Serratia marcescens (parasite) to test the effect of gene flow on adaptation. They find that gene flow from parasite-resistant host populations with divergent genetic backgrounds promotes adaptation to parasites (increased resistance). Findings from this study can be used to address more complex cases of gene flow and can be applied in conservation efforts.
Digest: Habitat seasonality drives evolutionary change in plasticity in Bicyclus butterflies
Authors: van Bergen Erik , Oostra Vicencio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Can changes in plasticity evolve in populations in response to local conditions? Zhen et al. addressed this question using populations of Bicyclus butterflies from Cameroon. The results of the study suggest that local adaptation in these African butterflies involved changes in the degree of plasticity, such that stronger responses to temperature were found in populations from habitats with stronger seasonal fluctuations. Interestingly, differentiation in reaction norms occurred despite high levels of gene flow among populations, indicating a small number of loci contributing to evolved differences in plasticity.
Effect of subtherapeutic and therapeutic sulfamethazine concentrations on transcribed genes and translated proteins involved in Microbacterium sp. C448 resistance and degradation
Authors: Paris Laurianne , Devers-Lamrani Marion , Joly Muriel , Viala Didier , De Antonio Marie , Pereira Bruno , Rouard Nadine , Besse-Hoggan Pascale , Hébraud Michel , Topp Edward , Martin-Laurent Fabrice , Batisson Isabelle 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Microbacterium sp. C448, isolated from a soil regularly exposed to sulfamethazine (SMZ), can use various sulphonamide antibiotics as the sole carbon source for growth. The basis for the regulation of genes encoding the sulphonamide metabolism pathway, the dihydropteroate synthase sulphonamide target (folP), and the sulphonamide resistance (sul1) genes, is unknown in this organism. In the present study, the response of the transcriptome and proteome of Microbacterium sp. C448 following exposure to subtherapeutic (33 µM) or therapeutic (832 µM) SMZ concentrations was evaluated. Therapeutic concentration induced the highest sad expression and Sad production, consistent with the activity of SMZ degradation observed in cellulo. Following complete SMZ degradation, Sad production tended to return to the basal level observed prior to SMZ exposure. Transcriptomic and proteomic kinetics were concomitant for the resistance genes and proteins. The abundance of Sul1 protein, 100-fold more abundant than FolP protein, did not change in response to SMZ exposure. Moreover, non-targeted analyses highlighted the increase of a deaminase RidA and a putative sulphate exporter expression and production. These two novel factors involved in the 4-aminophenol metabolite degradation and the export of sulphate residues formed during SMZ degradation, respectively, provided new insights into Microbacterium sp. C448 SMZ detoxification process.
Epigenetic and Metabolomic Biomarkers for Biological Age: A Comparative Analysis of Mortality and Frailty Risk
Authors: Kuiper Lieke M , Polinder-Bos Harmke A , Bizzarri Daniele , Vojinovic Dina , Vallerga Costanza L , Beekman Marian , Dollé Martijn E T , Ghanbari Mohsen , Voortman Trudy , Reinders Marcel J T , Verschuren W M Monique , Slagboom P Eline , van den Akker Erik B , van Meurs Joyce B J 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBiological age captures a person’s age-related risk of unfavorable outcomes using biophysiological information. Multivariate biological age measures include frailty scores and molecular biomarkers. These measures are often studied in isolation, but here we present a large-scale study comparing them. In 2 prospective cohorts (n = 3 222), we compared epigenetic (DNAm Horvath, DNAm Hannum, DNAm Lin, DNAm epiTOC, DNAm PhenoAge, DNAm DunedinPoAm, DNAm GrimAge, and DNAm Zhang) and metabolomic-based (MetaboAge and MetaboHealth) biomarkers in reflection of biological age, as represented by 5 frailty measures and overall mortality. Biomarkers trained on outcomes with biophysiological and/or mortality information outperformed age-trained biomarkers in frailty reflection and mortality prediction. DNAm GrimAge and MetaboHealth, trained on mortality, showed the strongest association with these outcomes. The associations of DNAm GrimAge and MetaboHealth with frailty and mortality were independent of each other and of the frailty score mimicking clinical geriatric assessment. Epigenetic, metabolomic, and clinical biological age markers seem to capture different aspects of aging. These findings suggest that mortality-trained molecular markers may provide novel phenotype reflecting biological age and strengthen current clinical geriatric health and well-being assessment.