bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social connections and risk of incident mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and mortality in 13 longitudinal cohort studies of ageing
Authors: Mahalingam Gowsaly , Samtani Suraj , Lam Ben Chun Pan , Lipnicki Darren M , Lima‐Costa Maria Fernanda , Blay Sergio Luis , Castro‐Costa Erico , Shifu Xiao , Guerchet Maëlenn , Preux Pierre‐Marie , Gbessemehlan Antoine , Skoog Ingmar , Najar Jenna , Sterner Therese Rydberg , Scarmeas Nikolaos , Yannakoulia Mary , Dardiotis Themis , Kim Ki‐Woong , Riedel‐Heller Steffi , Röhr Susanne , Pabst Alexander , Shahar Suzana , Numbers Katya , Ganguli Mary , Hughes Tiffany F. , Chang Chung‐Chou H. , Crowe Michael , Ng Tze Pin , Gwee Xinyi , Chua Denise Qian Ling , Rymaszewska Joanna , Wolf‐Ostermann Karin , Welmer Anna‐Karin , Stafford Jean , Mélis René , Vernooij‐Dassen Myrra , Jeon Yun‐Hee , Sachdev Perminder S , Brodaty Henry ,   the SHARED consortium for the Cohort Studies of Memory in an International Consortium (COSMIC)
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrevious meta‐analyses have linked social connections and mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and mortality. However, these used aggregate data from North America and Europe and examined a limited number of social connection markers.MethodsWe used individual participant data (N = 39271, Mage = 70.67 (40‐102), 58.86% female, Meducation = 8.43 years, Mfollow‐up = 3.22 years) from 13 longitudinal ageing studies. A two‐stage meta‐analysis of Cox regression models examined the association between social connection markers with our primary outcomes.ResultsWe found associations between good social connections structure and quality and lower risk of incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI); between social structure and function and lower risk of incident dementia and mortality. Only in Asian cohorts, being married/in a relationship was associated with reduced risk of dementia, and having a confidante was associated with reduced risk of dementia and mortality.DiscussionDifferent aspects of social connections – structure, function, and quality – are associated with benefits for healthy aging internationally.Highlights
Social connection structure (being married/in a relationship, weekly community group engagement, weekly family/friend interactions) and quality (never lonely) were associated with lower risk of incident MCI.
Social connection structure (monthly/weekly friend/family interactions) and function (having a confidante) were associated with lower risk of incident dementia.
Social connection structure (living with others, yearly/monthly/weekly community group engagement) and function (having a confidante) were associated with lower risk of mortality.
Evidence from 13 longitudinal cohort studies of ageing indicates that social connections are important targets for reducing risk of incident MCI, incident dementia, and mortality.
Only in Asian cohorts, being married/in a relationship was associated with reduced risk of dementia, and having a confidante was associated with reduced risk of dementia and mortality.
CSF alpha‐synuclein aggregates by seed amplification and clinical presentation of AD
Authors: Pilotto Andrea , Bongianni Matilde , Tirloni Clara , Galli Alice , Padovani Alessandro , Zanusso Gianluigi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAccumulating evidence suggests that α‐synuclein (αSyn) can modulate Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical features associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) αSyn detected by seed amplification assay (SAA) in AD.METHODSEighty AD patients with CSF AT(N) biomarker positivity (mean age 70.3 ± 7.3 years) and 28 non‐AD age‐matched controls were included. All subjects underwent standardized clinical assessment; CSF αSyn aggregates were detected by SAA.RESULTSCSF was αSyn‐SAA positive (αSyn+) in 36/80 AD patients (45%) and in 2/28 controls (7.1%). AD αSyn+ and αSyn− patients were comparable for age, disease severity, comorbidity profile, and CSF core biomarkers. AD αSyn+ presented a higher prevalence of atypical phenotypes and symptoms.CONCLUSIONSOur findings demonstrate that concomitant CSF αSyn pathology is present in a significant proportion of AD patients starting in the early stages and can affect clinical presentation. Longitudinal studies are warranted to evaluate the significance for the disease course.
Photosynthetic Fixation of CO2 in Alkenes by Heterogeneous Photoredox Catalysis with Visible Light
Authors: Yuan Tao , Wu Ziwei , Zhai Senmao , Wang Rong , Wu Shiwen , Cheng Jiajia , Zheng Meifang , Wang Xinchen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLight‐driven fixation of CO2 in organics has emerged as an appealing alternative for the synthesis of value‐added fine chemicals. Challenges remain in the transformation of CO2 as well as product selectivity due to its thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness. Here we develop a boron carbonitride (BCN) with the abundant terminal B/N defects around the mesoporous walls, which essentially enhances surface active sites as well as charge transfer kinetics, boosting the overall rate of CO2 adsorption and activation. In this protocol, anti‐Markovnikov hydrocarboxylation of alkenes with CO2 to an extended carbon chain is achieved with good functional group tolerance and specific regioselectivity under visible‐light irradiation. The mechanistic studies demonstrate the formation of CO2 radical anion intermediate on defective boron carbonitride, leading to the anti‐Markovnikov carboxylation. Gram‐scale reaction, late‐stage carboxylation of natural products and synthesis of anti‐diabetic GPR40 agonists reveal the utility of this method. This study sheds new insight on the design and application of metal‐free semiconductors for the conversion of CO2 in an atom‐economic and sustainable manner.
Green, General and Low‐cost Synthesis of Porous Organic Polymers in Sub‐kilogram Scale for Catalysis and CO2 Capture
Authors: Luo Dan , Shi Tianhui , Li Qiao‐Hong , Xu Qinqin , Strømme Maria , Zhang Qian‐Feng , Xu Chao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPorous organic polymers (POPs) with high porosity and tunable functionalities have been widely studied for use in gas separation, catalysis, energy conversion and energy storage. However, the high cost of organic monomers, and the use of toxic solvents and high temperatures during synthesis pose obstacles for large‐scale production. Herein, we report the synthesis of imine and aminal‐linked POPs using inexpensive diamine and dialdehyde monomers in green solvents. Theoretical calculations and control experiments show that using meta‐diamines is crucial for forming aminal linkages and branching porous networks from [2+2] polycondensation reactions. The method demonstrates good generality in that 6 POPs were successfully synthesized from different monomers. Additionally, we scaled up the synthesis in ethanol at room temperature, resulting in the production of POPs in sub‐kilogram quantities at a relatively low cost. Proof‐of‐concept studies demonstrate that the POPs can be used as high‐performance sorbents for CO2 separation and as porous substrates for efficient heterogeneous catalysis. This method provides an environmentally friendly and cost‐effective approach for large‐scale synthesis of various POPs.
Porous Salts Containing Cationic Al24‐Hydroxide‐Acetate Clusters from Scalable, Green and Aqueous Synthesis Routes
Authors: Achenbach Bastian , Grape Erik Svensson , Wahiduzzaman Mohammad , Pappler Sandra K. , Meinhart Marcel , Siegel Renée , Maurin Guillaume , Senker Jürgen , Inge A. Ken , Stock Norbert 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe solution chemistry of aluminum is highly complex and various polyoxocations are known. Here we report on the facile synthesis of a cationic Al24 cluster that forms porous salts of composition [Al24(OH)56(CH3COO)12]X4, denoted CAU‐55‐X, with X=Cl−, Br−, I−, HSO4−. Three‐dimensional electron diffraction was employed to determine the crystal structures. Various robust and mild synthesis routes for the chloride salt [Al24(OH)56(CH3COO)12]Cl4 in water were established resulting in high yields (>95 %, 215 g per batch) within minutes. Specific surface areas and H2O capacities with maximum values of up to 930 m2 g−1 and 430 mg g−1 are observed. The particle size of CAU‐55‐X can be tuned between 140 nm and 1250 nm, permitting its synthesis as stable dispersions or as highly crystalline powders. The positive surface charge of the particles, allow fast and effective adsorption of anionic dye molecules and adsorption of poly‐ and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS).
A Quencher‐Based Blood‐Autofluorescence‐Suppression Strategy Enables the Quantification of Trace Analytes in Whole Blood
Authors: Yuwen Zhiyang , Zeng Qin , Ye Qiaozhen , Zhao Yixing , Zhu Jingxuan , Chen Kang , Liu Hongwen , Yang Ronghua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrecise quantification of trace components in whole blood via fluorescence is of great significance. However, the applicability of current fluorescent probes in whole blood is largely hindered by the strong blood autofluorescence. Here, we proposed a blood autofluorescence‐suppressed sensing strategy to develop an activable fluorescent probe for quantification of trace analyte in whole blood. Based on inner filter effect, by screening fluorophores whose absorption overlapped with the emission of blood, a redshift BODIPY quencher with an absorption wavelength ranging from 600–700 nm was selected for its superior quenching efficiency and high brightness. Two 7‐nitrobenzo[c] [1,2,5] oxadiazole ether groups were introduced onto the BODIPY skeleton for quenching its fluorescence and the response of H2S, a gas signal molecule that can hardly be quantified because of its low concentration in whole blood. Such detection system shows a pretty low background signal and high signal‐to‐back ratio, the probe thus achieved the accurate quantification of endogenous H2S in 20‐fold dilution of whole blood samples, which is the first attempt of quantifying endogenous H2S in whole blood. Moreover, this autofluorescence‐suppressed sensing strategy could be expanded to other trace analytes detection in whole blood, which may accelerate the application of fluorescent probes in clinical blood test.
Best Practices and a Business Case for Surgical Site Infection Prevention
Authors: Kang Minji , Andrew Maria E. , Farishta Akil , Oltmann Sarah C. , Sreeramoju Pranavi V. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTSurgical site infections (SSIs) can be costly and result in prolonged hospital stays; readmissions; and additional diagnostic tests, therapeutic antibiotic treatments, and surgical procedures. Evidence‐based practices for preventing SSIs include environmental cleaning; instrument cleaning, decontamination, and sterilization; preoperative bathing; preoperative Staphylococcus aureus decolonization; intraoperative antimicrobial prophylaxis; hand hygiene; and surgical hand antisepsis. Strong partnerships among infection prevention personnel, perioperative nurses, surgeons, and anesthesia professionals may enhance perioperative infection prevention. Facility and physician‐specific SSI rates should be reported to physicians and frontline personnel in a timely, accessible manner. Together with costs associated with SSIs, these data help determine the success of an infection prevention program. Leaders can develop a comprehensive business case proposal for perioperative infection prevention programs. The proposal should describe the need for the program and anticipated return on investment; it also should focus on the goal of decreasing SSIs by establishing metrics for assessing outcomes and addressing barriers.
Effects of biodegradable and active sachets based on sodium alginate and Macaúba (Acrocomia aculeata) pulp extract on the quality of olive oil
Authors: Alves‐Silva Gisele Fernanda , Santos Luan Gustavo , Romani Viviane Patrícia , Martins Vilásia Guimarães 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to produce and characterize biodegradable films of sodium alginate incorporated with macaúba pulp extract (MPE‐0, 10%, 20%, and 30%) and evaluate their effects as active sachets containing olive oil. The films were produced by casting technique and mechanical, barrier, and antioxidant properties were evaluated. The incorporation of MPE modified the mechanical, solubility, color, and barrier properties of alginate films. The polyphenol content of the films increased with the addition of MPE, showing antioxidant activity of 4.2 and 4 mg GAE g−1 for ABTS•+ and DPPH, respectively. The film incorporated with 10% of extract (MP10) presented a decrease of 82% in water vapor permeability and an increase in the tensile strength of 2.3 times compared to the control film (without extract). MP10 was used to store olive oil as this formulation showed superior packaging properties compared to the others tested. At the end of the 16 days of olive oil storage, MP10 was able to maintain the quality parameters of peroxide and acidity within the limits established by current legislation. Therefore, these results indicate the great potential of the incorporation of MPE in the elaboration of sustainable and active materials for packaging olive oil and other fatty foods.
An optimized RNA extraction method for diverse leaves of Hawaiian Metrosideros, a hypervariable tree species complex
Authors: Hadi Maryam , Stacy Elizabeth A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPremiseThe isolation of RNA from trees is challenging due to the interference of polyphenols and polysaccharides with downstream processes. Furthermore, many RNA extraction protocols are time consuming and involve hazardous chemicals. To address these issues, we aimed to develop a safe protocol for high‐quality RNA extraction from diverse Metrosideros taxa representing a broad range of leaf toughness, pubescence, and secondary metabolites.Methods and ResultsWe tested popular RNA isolation kits and protocols that were effective on other recalcitrant trees, including a broad range of optimization and purification steps. We optimized a protocol involving two silica‐membrane column‐based kits that yielded high‐quantity RNA with an RNA integrity number >7 and without DNA contamination. All RNA samples were used successfully in a follow‐on RNA‐Seq experiment.ConclusionsWe present an optimized high‐throughput RNA extraction protocol that yielded high‐quality and high‐quantity RNA from three contrasting leaf phenotypes within a hyperdiverse woody species complex.
Adaptive nonlinear information fusion preview control for autonomous surface vessels subject to measurement noises and unknown input saturations
Authors: Xu Qingzheng , Wang Zhisheng , Qin Li 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study presents an adaptive nonlinear information fusion preview control (NIFPC) method for trajectory tracking of autonomous surface vessels (ASVs) subject to system uncertainty, measurement noise, and unknown input saturations. The NIFPC is developed based on the nonlinear information fusion estimation methodology, in which the system's future reference trajectory information, noise information, performance index requirements, and system dynamic model are all transformed into information equations related to control input, and then the current control action is obtained by fusing these previewed future information via the nonlinear information fusion optimal estimation. In order to avoid the unknown input saturation constraints, a fuzzy asymmetric saturated approximator (FASA) is designed and integrated into the controller, where the fuzzy logic system (FLS) is used to adaptively adjust the key boundary parameters of the approximator. As a result, the negative effects caused by system uncertainty and measurement noise can be effectively suppressed, while the completely unknown input saturation constraints in the system actuator are guaranteed not to be violated. The convergence of the tracking errors of the closed‐loop system is guaranteed via Lyapunov stability theory. Numerical simulation results have been provided to demonstrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed control scheme.
Potential remote forcing of North Atlantic SST tripole anomalies on the seesaw haze intensity between late winter months in the North China plain: A case study
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Yanju , Ding Yihui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study identified a prominent temporal seesaw haze intensity case that occurred between the late winter months of 2010 in the North China Plain (NCP), featuring considerably suppressed haze intensity in January and enhanced haze intensity in the adjacent month of February in 2011. We suggest that dramatic alternations of atmospheric and oceanic anomalies played fundamental roles in forming this seesaw haze intensity case, rather than changes in manmade emission anomalies. The suppressed haze intensity in January 2011 was tied to an equivalent barotropic cyclonic anomaly that dominated the NCP and its surroundings, which generated in situ haze‐suppressed meteorology characterized by strengthened lower‐level northerly anomalies with cold and dry conditions, as well as elevated boundary layer height and destabilized atmospheric stratification. In stark contrast, the enhanced haze intensity in February 2011 was connected to an equivalent barotropic anticyclonic anomaly, linking a haze‐favourable meteorology opposite to that in January 2011. The pronounced North Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) tripole anomalies, with positive anomalies in the tropical and mid‐latitudinal North Atlantic and negative anomalies in the subtropical North Atlantic, made a significant contribution to the above‐mentioned seesaw haze intensity case. Diagnostic analyses suggested that the January North Atlantic SST tripole anomalies were linked to a significant negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)‐like pattern, which acted as the source of the Rossby wave train to generate concurrent haze‐suppressed meteorology over the NCP. In February, although the NAO‐like pattern was drastically dampened, the enhanced barotropic cyclonic anomaly centred southeast of the Yamal Peninsula played a critical role in relaying the impact of January tripole SST anomalies, thus inducing concurrent haze‐favourable meteorology. Consequently, January North Atlantic SST tripole anomalies could exert an effective modulation effect on the generation of seesaw haze intensity. The proposed mechanism was further verified using the Community Earth System Model Large Ensemble Numerical Simulation (CESM‐LENS) datasets.
Some statistical challenges in automated driving systems
Authors: Caballero William N. , Rios Insua David , Naveiro Roi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAutomated driving systems are rapidly developing. However, numerous open problems remain to be resolved to ensure this technology progresses before its widespread adoption. A large subset of these problems are, or can be framed as, statistical decision problems. Therefore, we present herein several important statistical challenges that emerge when designing and operating automated driving systems. In particular, we focus on those that relate to request‐to‐intervene decisions, ethical decision support, operations in heterogeneous traffic, and algorithmic robustification. For each of these problems, earlier solution approaches are reviewed and alternative solutions are provided with accompanying empirical testing. We also highlight open avenues of inquiry for which applied statistical investigation can help ensure the maturation of automated driving systems. In so doing, we showcase the relevance of statistical research and practice within the context of this revolutionary technology.
Poor synchronization yet adequate tempo‐keeping in adults with autism
Authors: Kasten Keren , Jacoby Nori , Ahissar Merav 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSensorimotor synchronization to external events is fundamental to social interactions. Adults with autism spectrum condition (ASC) have difficulty with synchronization, manifested in both social and non‐social situations, such as paced finger‐tapping tasks, where participants synchronize their taps to metronome beats. What limits ASC's synchronization is a matter of debate, especially whether it stems from reduced online correction of synchronization error (the “slow update” account) or from noisy internal representations (the “elevated internal noise” account). To test these opposing theories, we administered a synchronization‐continuation tapping task, with and without tempo changes. Participants were asked to synchronize with the metronome and continue the tempo when it stopped. Since continuation is based only on internal representations, the slow update hypothesis predicts no difficulty, whereas the elevated noise hypothesis predicts similar or enhanced difficulties. Additionally, tempo changes were introduced, to assess whether adequate updating of internal representations to external changes is possible when given a longer temporal window for updating. We found that the ability to keep the metronome's tempo after it stopped did not differ between ASC and typically developing (TD) individuals. Importantly, when given a longer period to adapt to external changes, keeping a modified tempo was also similar in ASC. These results suggest that synchronization difficulties in ASC stem from slow update rather than elevated internal noise.
Korrosionsschutz beim neuen Schiffshebewerk Niederfinow: Farbtonbeständigkeit und KKS
Authors: Schmid Matthias J. , Drabon Hilmar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBei der Ausführung des Korrosionsschutzes für das neue Schiffshebewerk Niederfinow waren u. a. Fragestellungen zur Beständigkeit des Farbtons der Beschichtung und im kathodischen Korrosionsschutz zu lösen. Farbtonbeständigkeit und ‐genauigkeit wurden bisher bei der Qualitätskontrolle bei ähnlichen Hochbauten wie bspw. Stahlbrücken kaum berücksichtigt. Häufig kreiden und verblassen Farbflächen an solchen Bauwerken im Laufe der Zeit und entsprechen nicht mehr den architektonischen Ansprüchen. Die Beschichtungen nach Blatt 94 wiesen bei den Farbtönen Blau und Gelb Abweichungen zur geforderten Farbtonbeständigkeit auf. Bei der Bewertung der Abweichungen war es wichtig, das zugrunde liegende Farbsystem zweckmäßig auszuwählen. In diesem Fall wurde schließlich als Bewertungsgrundlage für den Farbton Gelb das ΔECMC‐System gewählt. Weitere Ursachen für Farbtonunterschiede lagen in den Verarbeitungsbedingungen und einem Chargenwechsel des Beschichtungsstoffs. Bei gesteigerten Anforderungen an die Farbtonbeständigkeit, v. a. bei architektonisch bedeutsamen Flächen, sollten Beschichtungen mit besonders farbstabilen Pigmenten eingesetzt werden. Diese sollten durch Auslagerungsversuche im Vorfeld untersucht werden. Der kathodische Schutz erfolgte durch galvanische Anoden und ein Fremdstromsystem. Es zeigte sich, dass, gerade bei komplexen Anlagen wie dieser, baubegleitende mobile Messungen zum Abgleich des Soll‐ und Ist‐Potentials durchgeführt werden sollten.