bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of surface treatments and adhesive protocols on repair bond strength of glass‐matrix and resin‐matrix CAD/CAM ceramics
Authors: Turunç‐Oğuzman Rana , Şişmanoğlu Soner 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo specify the effects of self‐etching ceramic primer, Monobond Etch and Prime (MEP), and universal adhesive (UA) on repair bond strength between CAD/CAM blocks and resin composite.Materials and MethodsVita Mark II (VM), IPS e.max CAD (EMAX), Shofu Block HC (SHC), and Tetric CAD (TET) blocks were sliced and thermocycled. They were divided into four groups according to surface treatments (n = 24): control, sandblasting (AL), hydrofluoric acid etching (HF), and MEP application. SEM analysis assessed surface topography. Subdivided, specimens followed distinct adhesive protocols (n = 12): control (silane + adhesive [SA] or adhesive [A] only for MEP group) and UA. Microshear bond strength (μSBS) was measured following resin composite repair. Data were analyzed using two‐way ANOVA and Tukey tests (p < 0.05).ResultsThe μSBS of CAD/CAM blocks was significantly influenced by surface treatment type and adhesive protocol. The highest μSBS values for each block, considering surface treatment + adhesive protocol, were VM, HF + SA, or HF + UA; EMAX, MEP + A; and SHC and TET, AL + SA, or AL + UA.ConclusionsExcept for EMAX, it was not the adhesive protocol that made the significant difference in bond strength for each CAD/CAM block, but the surface treatment. MEP + UA application on glass ceramics lowered μSBS values significantly, so it is not recommended in clinical conditions.Clinical SignificanceRepair is an essential therapeutic option, particularly in esthetic restorations, to swiftly repair the impaired esthetics caused by fracture. Repair protocol is dependent on the restorative material, and to have a reliable repair bond strength, the following surface treatment and adhesive protocol combinations are recommended for each CAD/CAM block: VM, HF + SA, or HF + UA; EMAX, MEP + A; and SHC and TET, AL + SA, or AL + UA.
Selenomethionine mis‐incorporation and redox‐dependent voltage‐gated sodium channel gain of function
Authors: Hussein Rama A. , Ahmed Marwa , Heinemann Stefan H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSelenomethionine (SeMet) readily replaces methionine (Met) residues in proteins during translation. Long‐term dietary SeMet intake results in the accumulation of the amino acid in tissue proteins. Despite the high rates of SeMet incorporation in proteins and its stronger susceptibility to oxidation compared to Met, little is known about the effect of SeMet mis‐incorporation on electrical excitability and ion channels. Fast inactivation of voltage‐gated sodium (NaV) channels is essential for exact action potential shaping with even minute impairment of inactivation resulting in a plethora of adverse phenotypes. Met oxidation of the NaV channel inactivation motif (Ile‐Phe‐Met) and further Met residues causes a marked loss of inactivation. Here, we examined the impact of SeMet mis‐incorporation on the function of NaV channels. While extensive SeMet incorporation into recombinant rat NaV1.4 channels preserved their normal function, it greatly sensitized the channels to mild oxidative stress, resulting in loss of inactivation and diminished maximal current, both reversible by dithiothreitol‐induced reduction. SeMet incorporation similarly affected human NaV1.4, NaV1.2, NaV1.5, and NaV1.7. In mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, 1 day of SeMet exposure exacerbated the oxidation‐mediated broadening of action potentials. SeMet‐treated DRGs also exhibited a stronger increase in the persistent NaV current in response to oxidation. SeMet incorporation in NaV proteins coinciding with oxidative insults may therefore result in hyperexcitability pathologies, such as cardiac arrhythmias and neuropathies, like congenital NaV channel gain‐of‐function mutations.image
Power motives, personality correlates, and leadership outcomes: A person‐centered approach
Authors: Li Zhuo , Lynch Jennifer , Sun Tianlu , Rizkyana Qamara , Cheng Joey T. , Benson Alex J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe investigated how these motivations combined within individuals to form unique profiles, and how these different profiles relate to personality traits and team behaviors.BackgroundDominance, prestige, and leadership motives each play a key role in shaping social success or failure in gaining social rank and influence.MethodWe used latent profile analysis across two samples (engineering student project teams, Nstudent = 1088; working adults, Nworker = 466) to identify profile configurations and how such profiles related to important outcomes.ResultsWe identified qualitatively distinct profiles: ultra‐dominance profile (prominent dominance motive with high prestige and leadership motives); prestigious leadership profile (moderately high prestige and leadership motives, low dominance motive); and weak social power motive profile (low on all three motives). Individuals with the prestigious leadership profile were more likely to emerge as leaders, compared to those with a weak social power motive profile. People with an ultra‐dominance profile scored higher on narcissism and tended to perceive themselves as leaders, despite not being deemed more leader‐like by teammates.ConclusionUsing a person‐centered approach allowed us to identify three power motive profiles across independent samples and generate insights into how these profiles manifest different social behaviors and outcomes.
The importance and limitations of polysomnography in insomnia disorder—a critical appraisal
Authors: Frase Lukas , Nissen Christoph , Spiegelhalder Kai , Feige Bernd 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe importance polysomnography (PSG) in the diagnosis and treatment process of insomnia disorder (ID) remains highly disputed. This review summarises the state of the science regarding PSG indications and findings in ID, and the indications to conduct PSG in ID as stated by relevant guidelines. It then highlights the most relevant questions regarding the topic, including the relevance of ID subtyping, to allow an individualised pharmacological or psychotherapeutic treatment approach.
Ethnic empowering policies and postcolonial political exclusion in the British empire: An analysis of ethnic police recruitment and communal legislative representation
Authors: Jeong Tay , Jeong Choong Kyo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDoes ethnic empowerment under colonial rule shape ethnic power even after independence? Existing research offers mixed arguments and rarely differentiates between different types of political empowerment. Drawing on the historical observation that the parliament and the security forces were two of the major sources of political power in newly independent states, this preregistered study tests whether ethnic representation in the colonial constabulary force and the receipt of guaranteed communal representation in the colonial legislature reduces the risk of postcolonial ethnic exclusion in ex‐British colonies. It is found that the former has a strong and consistent effect on reducing the odds of postcolonial ethnic exclusion, but the latter, despite its frequent usage as a form of colonial ethnic empowerment, does not prevent political exclusion. The importance of martial vis‐à‐vis rational‐legal power in newly independent states and varying levels of diachronic continuity between the two forms of colonial empowerment may account for the diverging results.
Insights into microRNA‐mediated interaction and regulation of metabolites in tomato
Authors: Sharma D. , Koul A. , Bhushan S. , Gupta S. , Kaul S. , Dhar M. K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
microRNAs direct regulation of various metabolic pathways in plants and animals. miRNAs may be useful in developing novel/elite genotypes, with enhanced metabolites and disease resistance. We examined miRNAs in tomato.
In tomato, miRNAs in the carotenoid pathway have not been fully elucidated. We examined the potential role of miRNAs in biosynthesis of carotenoids, transcript profiling of miRNAs and their possible targets (genes and transcription factors) at different development stages of tomato using stem‐loop PCR and RT‐qPCR. We also identified miRNAs targeting key flavonoid genes, such as chalcone isomerase (CHI), and dihydroflavonol‐4‐reductase (DFR).
Distinct expression profiles of miRNAs and their targets were found in fruits of three tomato accessions, suggesting carotenoid regulation by miRNAs at various stages of fruit development. This was also confirmed using HPLC of the carotenoids.
The present study may help in understanding possible regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis. The identified miRNAs can be exploited to enhance biosynthesis of different carotenoids in plants.
Identification of characteristic aroma compounds for spicy in Iris lactea var. chinensis
Authors: Sun Junming , Tian Kexin , Jing Lu , Niu Yafei , Lou Qian , Chen Hongwu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIris lactea var. chinensis (Fisch.) Koidz has a unique floral fragrance that differs from that of other Iris spp.; however, its characteristic aroma composition remains unknown. This study aimed to identify the floral fragrance components of I. lactea var. chinensis during different flowering stages using headspace solid‐phase microextraction in conjunction with gas chromatography mass spectrometry, electronic nose, and sensory evaluation. During the three flowering phases (bud stage, bloom stage, and decay stage), 70 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including 13 aldehydes, 13 esters, 11 alcohols, 10 alkanes, 8 ketones, 7 terpenes, 7 benzenoids, and 1 nitrogenous compound, were identified. According to principal component analysis, the primary VOCs were (−)‐pinene, β‐irone, methyl heptenone, phenylethanol, hexanol, and 2‐pinene. A comparison of the differential VOCs across the different flowering stages using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that 3‐carene appeared only in the bud stage, whereas hexanol, ethyl caprate, ethyl caproate, linalool, (−)‐pinene, and 2‐pinene appeared or were present at significantly increased levels during the bloom stage. The phenylethanol, methyl heptenone, 3‐methylheptane, and β‐irone reached a peak in the decay stage. The odor activity value and sensory evaluation suggested that “spicy” is the most typical odor of I. lactea var. chinensis, mainly due to 2‐methoxy‐3‐sec‐butylpyrazine, which is rare in floral fragrances.
Dyadic cooperation with human and artificial agents: Event‐related potentials trace dynamic role taking during an interactive game
Authors: Flösch Karl‐Philipp , Flaisch Tobias , Imhof Martin A. , Schupp Harald T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHumans are highly co‐operative and thus cognitively, affectively, and motivationally tuned to pursue shared goals. Yet, cooperative tasks typically require people to constantly take and switch individual roles. Task relevance is dictated by these roles and thereby dynamically changing. Here, we designed a dyadic game to test whether the family of P3 components can trace this dynamic allocation of task relevance. We demonstrate that late positive event‐related potential (ERP) modulations not only reflect predictable asymmetries between receiving and sending information but also differentiate whether the receiver's role is related to correct decision making or action monitoring. Furthermore, similar results were observed when playing the game with a computer, suggesting that experimental games may motivate humans to similarly cooperate with an artificial agent. Overall, late positive ERP waves provide a real‐time measure of how role taking dynamically shapes the meaning and relevance of stimuli within collaborative contexts. Our results, therefore, shed light on how the processes of mutual coordination unfold during dyadic cooperation.
Disrupting Political Polarization: The Role of Politics in Explanations of Farm Loss in Southern Wisconsin☆
Authors: Pied Claudine , Sappleton Shan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSocial science and popular media have described political polarization as a threat to democracy and effective policy. Scholars connect right/left political divides to macro‐level social divisions, such as those between rural and urban residents, environmentalists and farmers, and pro‐versus anti‐government sentiments. While previous scholars have complicated these dichotomies, political polarization scholarship often seeks out evidence of polarization without considering these complications. In addition, we know little about how polarization is affecting community responses to social problems. This paper explores the rhetoric of political and social polarization as it appears in community responses to a particular social problem, the decline of small and mid‐sized dairy farms in southern Wisconsin. During interviews, farmers, municipal leaders, and community members indeed used polarizing rhetoric and identified polarization as a problem in their communities. We argue, though, that the connections between commonly bifurcated identities, including a common attachment to the land and relationships across the rural–urban continuum, are equally important. We conclude by encouraging policy responses meant to address the fallout of the loss of mid‐sized dairy farms to draw on these connections to avoid inadvertently reinforcing political divisions.
Co‐Creative Multimodal Storytelling on HIV: Activating Images through Reflexive Authorship
Authors: Cabezas‐Pino Angélica 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTThis article explores ways to foster reflexivity within a co‐creative research project so as to “activate” images beyond the ethnographic encounter. Drawing on a multimodal research project centered on exploring autobiographical HIV storytelling in Chile, I explore reflexivity as a shared practice from the outset of fieldwork rather than an ex‐post activity, as it has historically been conceived. This reflexive practice led to unexpected outcomes which emerged through co‐creative engagement with a multiplicity of mediums and formats. I argue that image‐making and storytelling became devices for actively disrupting HIV stigma, thus making it possible to engage in forms of worlding and self‐making that extend beyond HIV representations and across different temporalities.
Turbine Blade Endwall Heat Transfer and Film Cooling Performance With Multigap Jets and Film Holes
Authors: Bai Bo , Li Zhiyu , Hao Mingyang , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Kaiyuan , Li Zhigang , Li Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Due to manufacturing, assembly, and operational conditions, gaps are commonly presented in the turbine components, such as platform blade-to-blade gap (slashface gap) and rim cavity platform gap (slot gap). The coolant ejected through these gaps not only limits hot mainstream gas ingestion into the disk cavity but also has the potential to provide endwall film cooling coverage. Nevertheless, the interaction of these gap flows, predesigned film hole jets, and endwall secondary flows, significantly impacts endwall heat transfer and film cooling performance and leads to a more complicated flow field near endwall. To further understand the endwall flow physics behavior in this complicated flow field, the combined effects of film hole jets and multigap leakages (slashface jet and slot jet) were experimentally studied in a transient wind tunnel with a six-blade linear cascade (nonrotating). The endwall heat transfer was measured and recorded by the IR technique at inlet average turbulence intensity (Tu) of 7.5% and an exit Mach number (Maex) of 0.4. In addition, detailed numerical predictions were also performed to discuss the flow physics near endwall and the multigap leakages behavior. Results indicated that the slashface jet is an essential contributor to endwall film cooling performance in this endwall configuration. The slashface jet delays the development of the film hole jets, leading to an enhancement of film cooling performance downstream of the film holes. Increasing the mass flow ratio of the slashface jet (MFRslashface) can prevent the high-temperature mainstream ingestion, reduce the thermal failure risks, and increase the peak of film cooling effectiveness downstream of the endwall (167% at MFRslashface = 0.5%). Due to the limitation and hindrance impacts of the disk vortex (DV), the cavity vortex (CV), and the suction side leg of the horse-shoe vortex (HV,s), the slot flow is confined to a small region downstream of the slot gap.
Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Shock Behavior Near the Critical Point
Authors: Wang Jinhong , Cao Teng , Martinez-Botas Ricardo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to provide an understanding of sCO2 inviscid adiabatic normal shock behavior near the critical point and to develop an explicit tool for faster prediction of the shock relations that can aid the supercritical turbomachinery design process. An iterative algorithm was developed to compute shockwave behaviors for nonideal fluids. Three important shock behavior parameters were investigated: postshock Mach number, shock strength, and polytropic efficiency. A comparative study was carried out between air (ideal gas assumption), ideal gas CO2 (ideal gas assumption), and nonideal fluid CO2 (Span–Wagner equation of state). The distinct differences show the inadequacy of the perfect gas shock relations when predicting sCO2 shock behavior near the critical point. The results of nonideal fluid calculations show a general trend of stronger shock strengths and higher polytropic efficiencies toward lower preshock entropy conditions. This is also distinctive near the critical point due to the reduced speed of sound. Finally, explicit expressions for these parameters were retrieved using symbolic regression. The fitted models have significant improvements compared to the prediction from perfect gas shock relations with a 5–20% point reduction in relative errors. This study also shows the potential for machine learning to be applied in nonideal fluid effects modeling and the methodology developed in this paper can be easily introduced to other working fluids in their ranges of interest.
Mechanical Characterization of Bi-Layer Environmental Barrier Coatings Under Tension and Bending Using Acoustic Emission and Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Panakarajupally Ragav P. , Morscher Gregory N. , Shi Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Fracture characteristics of bi-layer environmental barrier coatings (EBC) deposited on a woven ceramic matrix composite (CMC) substrate using air plasma spray processes were investigated under uni-axial tension and bend tests at room temperature. Health monitoring techniques such as acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) were employed to better understand the cracking behavior of the coating and its progression. Post-test microscopy was performed to correlate the coating cracks with DIC and AE location. The results indicate that multiple transverse cracks first occurred in the coating, followed by substrate transverse cracks and additional coating cracks. DIC analysis was able to highlight the formation and location of these cracks. The fracture strength of the coating was estimated assuming the composite beam theory.
Epstein-Barr virus-encoded miR-BART11-3p modulates the DUSP6-MAPK axis to promote gastric cancer cell proliferation and metastasis
Authors: Xu Mingqian , Lin Jiarui , Yang Shuaibing , Yao Jiahu , Chen Meiyang , Feng Jinfu , Zhang Liang , Zhou Li , Zhang Junjie , Qin Qingsong 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded miRNAs within the BamHI-A rightward transcript (BART) region are abundantly expressed in EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC), suggesting that they play roles in tumorigenesis. However, how these viral miRNAs contribute to the development of EBVaGC remains largely obscure. In this study, we found that EBV-encoded miR-BART11-3p targets 3’ -UTR of dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6) mRNA to upregulate ERK phosphorylation and downregulate JNK and p38 phosphorylation. By doing so, miR-BART11-3p promotes gastric cancer (GC) cell proliferation, migration, and invasion
in vitro
, and facilitates tumor growth
in vivo
. Restoration of DUSP6 expression reverses the tumor-promoting activity of miR-BART11-3p in AGS GC cells. Consistently, knockdown of DUSP6 ablates the antitumor effects of miR-BART11-3p inhibitors in EBV-positive GC cells. Furthermore, blocking ERK phosphorylation with trametinib inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of miR-BART11-3p-expressing AGS cells. Administration of a miR-BART11-3p antagomir reduced the growth of EBV-positive xenograft tumors. Together, these findings reveal a novel mechanism by which EBV dysregulates MAPK pathways through an EBV-encoded microRNA to promote the development and progression of EBVaGC, which may be harnessed to develop new therapeutics to treat EBVaGC.

IMPORTANCE
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the first human tumor virus found to encode miRNAs, which within the BART region have been detected abundantly in EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) and play various roles in promoting tumorigenesis. In our study, we observed that EBV-miR-BART11-3p promotes cell proliferation and induces migration and invasion in GC. Interestingly, we showed that miR-BART11-3p upregulates p-ERK and downregulates p-JNK and p-p38 by directly targeting 3′-UTR of dual-specificity phosphatase 6 (DUSP6). Restoration of DUSP6 rescues the effects generated by miR-BART11-3p in GC cells, and blocking ERK phosphorylation with Trametinib augments JNK and p38 phosphorylation and inhibits the effects of miR-BART11-3p-expressing AGS cells, suggesting that miR-BART11-3p promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by modulating DUSP6-MAPK axis in EBVaGC. The findings presented in this study provide new mechanisms into the tumorigenesis in EBVaGC and new avenues for the development of therapeutic strategies to combat EBVaGC targeting miR-BART11-3p or phospho-ERK.