bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prosocial development throughout the toddlerhood: A person‐centred approach
Authors: Song Yue , Broekhuizen Martine , Dubas Judith Semon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAddressing the debate on whether there are reliable individual differences in toddler's prosociality, this study employed a person‐centred approach to investigate (1) profiles of instrumental helping, sharing and empathic helping at 22, 28 and 34 months, and (2) the predictive role of toddler's temperament (anger/frustration, impulsivity and inhibitory control) to these profiles. Variable‐centred analyses examined cross‐task and over time associations. Participants were 93 Dutch toddlers observed in standardised behavioural assessments at each wave. Parents rated their toddler's temperament at wave 1. Results revealed small but significant across‐task and over time associations of the prosocial behaviours and children were distinguished into three profile groups at 22 months (high prosocial, instrumental helper and low prosocial), three at 28 months (high, moderate and low) and two profiles at 34 months (high prosocial and instrumental and empathic helpers), with low to moderate membership stability across waves. For 34‐month‐olds, those in the high prosocial group were rated as being less impulsive compared to their peers in the helper group. These findings indicate reliable individual differences of prosociality exist at early ages with impulsivity as a potential precursor to these individual differences.
Removal of gemcitabine‐induced senescent cancer cells by targeting glutaminase1 improves the therapeutic effect in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Oyama Keisuke , Iwagami Yoshifumi , Kobayashi Shogo , Sasaki Kazuki , Yamada Daisaku , Tomimaru Yoshito , Noda Takehiro , Asaoka Tadafumi , Takahashi Hidenori , Tanemura Masahiro , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInsufficient cancer treatment can induce senescent cancer cell formation and treatment resistance. The characteristics of induced senescent cancer (iSnCa) cells remain unclear. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a low and nondurable response rate to current treatments. Our study aimed to analyze the properties of iSnCa cells and the relationship between cellular senescence and prognosis in PDAC. We evaluated the characteristics of gemcitabine‐induced senescent cancer cells and the effect of senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors released by iSnCa cells on surrounding PDAC cells. The relationship between cellular senescence and the prognosis was investigated in 50 patients with PDAC treated with gemcitabine‐based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Exposure to 5 ng/mL gemcitabine‐induced senescence, decreased proliferation and increased senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase‐cell staining without cell death in PDAC cells; the expression of glutaminase1 (GLS1) and SASP factors also increased and caused epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in surrounding PDAC cells. iSnCa cells were selectively removed by the GLS1 inhibitor bis‐2‐(5‐phenylacetamido‐1,2,4‐thiadiazol‐2‐yl)ethyl sulfide (BPTES) through apoptosis induction. Cellular senescence was induced in PDAC cells via insufficient gemcitabine in subcutaneous tumor model mice. GLS1 expression was an independent prognostic factor in patients with PDAC who received gemcitabine‐based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This is the first study to identify the relationship between senescence and GLS1 in PDAC. Low‐dose gemcitabine‐induced senescence and increased GLS1 expression were observed in PDAC cells. Cellular senescence may contribute to treatment resistance of PDAC, hence targeting GLS1 in iSnCa cells may improve the therapeutic effect.
Pregnancy outcomes of women with cardiac disease
Authors: Allen‐Davis Wendy , Hylton Melesia , Gibson Shanea , Rattray Carole , Johnson Nadine , Hunter Tiffany A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine and predict the maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies occurring in patients with cardiac disease.MethodThis retrospective review included 147 pregnancies identified from antenatal, delivery, and nursery records. Information concerning the nature and severity of the pre‐existing cardiac disease, comorbidities, risk scores, obstetric or cardiac complications, and pregnancy outcomes were collected. The data were analyzed using SPSS Windows version 22.ResultsIn all, 111 (73.5%) of the cohort had acquired heart disease and 4 (2.7%) of patients belonged to WHO class IV, in which pregnancy is not recommended. Additionally, 12 (8.1%) were categorized as being at significant risk of having a cardiac complication. The proportion of patients that had maternal and perinatal mortality was 6 (4.0%) and 7 (4.8%), respectively. The WHO and CARPREG scoring systems were reliably able to predict cardiac events (P < 0.01). Mothers who received preconception counseling had significantly fewer occurrences of cardiac and obstetric events than those who did not.ConclusionCardiac disease in pregnancy in women managed at our center was most often an acquired disease. The baseline risk assessment scores accurately predicted the likelihood of adverse cardiac outcomes.
Noninvasive detection of diabetes mellitus based on skin fluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Yuanzhi , Liu Yong , Zhu Guoqing , Wang Quanfu , Ni Jingshu , Liu Lin , Zhang Jian , Zhang Junqing , Li Zhongsheng , Wang Xia , Huang Yao , Dong Meili , Zhang Yang , Wang Yikun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is an urgent need for a mass population screening tool for diabetes. Skin tissue contains a large number of endogenous fluorophores and physiological parameter markers related to diabetes. We built an excitation‐emission spectrum measurement system with the excited light sources of 365, 395, 415, 430, and 455 nm to extract skin characteristics. The modeling experiment was carried out to design and verify the accuracy of the recovery of tissue intrinsic discrete three‐dimensional fluorescence spectrum. Blood oxygen modeling experiment results indicated the accuracy of the physiological parameter extraction algorithm based on the diffuse reflectance spectrum. A community population cohort study was carried out. The tissue‐reduced scattering coefficient and scattering power of the diabetes were significantly higher than normal control groups. The Gaussian multi‐peak fitting was performed on each excitation‐emission spectrum of the subject. A total of 63 fluorescence features containing information such as Gaussian spectral curve intensity, central wavelength position, and variance were obtained from each person. Logistic regression was used to construct the diabetes screening model. The results showed that the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the model for predicting diabetes was 0.816, indicating a high diagnostic value. As a rapid and non‐invasive detection method, it is expected to have high clinical value.
Recognition of immune reactive proteins as a potential multiepitope vaccine candidate of Taenia solium cysticerci through proteomic approach
Authors: Kaur Rimanpreet , Arora Naina , Rawat Suraj S. , Keshri Anand K. , Singh Gagandeep , Kumar Rajiv , Prasad Amit 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetacestode, the larva of Taenia solium, is the causative agent for neurocysticercosis (NCC), which causes epilepsy. The unavailability of a vaccine against human NCC is a major cause for its widespread prevalence across the globe. Therefore, the development of a reliable vaccine against NCC is the need of the hour. Employing a combination of proteomics and immunoinformatics, we endeavored to formulate a vaccine candidate. The immune reactive cyst fluid antigens of T. solium were identified by immune‐blotting two‐dimensional gels with NCC patient's sera, followed by Matrix‐assisted laser desorption‐ionization analysis. We performed a detailed proteomic study of these immune reactive proteins by utilizing immune‐informatics tools, identified the nontoxic, nonallergic, B‐cell epitopes, and collected epitopes with the least sequence homology with human and other Taenia species. These epitopes were joined through linkers to construct a multiepitope vaccine. Different physiochemical parameters such as molecular weight (23.82 kDa), instability (39.91), and aliphatic index (49.61) were calculated to ensure the stability of the linked peptides vaccine. The vaccine demonstrated stable interactions with different immune receptors like Toll‐like receptor 4 and IgG confirming that it will effectively stimulate the host immune response. We anticipate that our designed B‐cell linear epitope‐based vaccine will show promising results in in vitro and in vivo assays. This study provides a platform that would be useful to develop other suitable vaccine candidates to prevent helminthic neglected tropical diseases in near future.
Mutations of family with sequence similarity 20‐member C gene causing lethal and nonlethal Raine syndrome causes hypophosphatemia rickets
Authors: Liu Peihong , Li Jiaxuan , Tang Linghao , Cong Wei , Jin Han , Zhang Hong , Cui Bing , Yang Shan , Xiao Jing , Liu Chao , Saiyin Wuliji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFamily with sequence similarity 20‐member C (FAM20C) is a kinase specific to most of the secreted phosphoproteome. FAM20C has been identified as the causative gene of Raine syndrome, initially characterized by lethal osteosclerosis bone dysplasia. However, since the identification of the cases of nonlethal Raine syndrome characterized by hypophosphatemia rickets, the previous definition of Raine syndrome has become debatable and raised a question about the role of mutations of FAM20C in controversial skeletal manifestation in the two forms of the disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of FAM20C mutations on skeletogenesis. We developed transgenic mice expressing Fam20c mutations mimicking those associated with human lethal and nonlethal Raine syndrome. The results revealed that transgenic mice expressing the mutant Fam20c found in the lethal (KO;G374R) and nonlethal (KO;D446N) Raine syndrome exhibited osteomalacia without osteosclerotic features. Additionally, both mutants significantly increased the expression of the Fgf23, indicating that Fam20c deficiency in skeletal compartments causes hypophosphatemia rickets. Furthermore, as FAM20C kinase activity catalyzes the phosphorylation of secreted proteomes other than those in the skeletal system, global FAM20C deficiency may trigger alterations in other systems resulting in osteosclerosis secondary to hypophosphatemia rickets. Together, the findings of this study suggest that FAM20C deficiency primarily causes hypophosphatemia rickets or osteomalacia; however, the heterogeneous skeletal manifestation in Raine syndrome was not determined solely by specific mutations of FAM20C. The findings also implicated that rickets or osteomalacia caused by FAM20C deficiency would deteriorate into osteosclerosis by the defects from other systems or environmental impacts.
High resolution imaging and analysis of extracellular vesicles using mass spectral imaging and machine learning
Authors: Bamford Sarah Elizabeth , Vassileff Natasha , Spiers Jereme G. , Gardner Wil , Winkler David A. , Muir Benjamin W. , Hill Andrew F. , Pigram Paul J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are potentially useful biomarkers for disease detection and monitoring. Development of a label‐free technique for imaging and distinguishing small volumes of EVs from different cell types and cell states would be of great value. Here, we have designed a method to explore the chemical changes in EVs associated with neuroinflammation using Time‐of‐Flight Secondary Ion Mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) and machine learning (ML). Mass spectral imaging was able to identify and differentiate EVs released by microglia following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation compared to a control group. This process requires a much smaller sample size (1 µL) than other molecular analysis methods (up to 50 µL). Conspicuously, we saw a reduction in free cysteine thiols (a marker of cellular oxidative stress associated with neuroinflammation) in EVs from microglial cells treated with LPS, consistent with the reduced cellular free thiol levels measured experimentally. This validates the synergistic combination of ToF‐SIMS and ML as a sensitive and valuable technique for collecting and analysing molecular data from EVs at high resolution.
FLT3‐targeted therapy restores GATA1 pathway function in NPM1/FLT3‐ITD mutated acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Sorcini D , Stella A , Scialdone A , Sartori S , Marra A , Rossi R , De Falco F , Adamo FM , Dorillo E , Geraci C , Arcaleni R , Rompietti C , Esposito A , Moretti L , Mameli MG , Martelli MP , Falini B , Sportoletti P 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne‐third of newly diagnosed adult acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) carry FLT3 mutations, which frequently occur together with nucleophosmin (NPM1) mutations and are associated with worse prognosis. FLT3 inhibitors are widely used in clinics with limitations due to drug resistance. AML cells carrying FLT3 mutations in both mouse models and patients present low expression of GATA1, a gene involved in haematopoietic changes preceding AML. Here, we show that FLT3 inhibition induces cellular responses and restores the GATA1 pathway and functions in NPM1/FLT3‐ITD mutated AML, thus providing a new mechanism of action for this drug.
Surface potential and mobile charge based drain current modeling of double gate junctionless accumulation mode negative capacitance field effect transistor
Authors: Yadav Snehlata , Rewari Sonam , Pandey Rajeshwari 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn analytical drain current model for double gate junctionless accumulation mode negative capacitance field effect transistor (DG‐JAM‐NC‐FET) has been developed, combining the merits of junctionless accumulation mode and negative capacitance effect such as fabrication feasibility, low power dissipation, and reduced degradation in mobility. The novelty manifested in our work is because of the incorporation of the JAM structure in ferroelectric‐based negative capacitance FET. The benefit of JAM over existing FETs is that it combines the benefits of the junctionless transistor (JLT) and conventional FETs. It avoids excessive parasitic resistance due to stronger doping in the source and drain areas, resulting in higher conductivity and better characteristics than JLT. An analytical surface potential and threshold voltage have been developed using Poisson's equation and Landau Khalatnikov's (L‐K) equation. The drain current is then determined by integrating the mobile charge using the Pao–Sah integral. Various critical parameters such as surface potential, gain, capacitance, mobile charge density, drain current, threshold voltage, subthreshold swing, transconductance, and the switching ratio have been assessed extensively by varying ferroelectric layer and channel layer thicknesses, respectively. The ON current increases with the increase in ferroelectric thickness due to the voltage amplification given by the ferroelectric layer, and the switching curve gets steeper. The analytical modeling is done in MATLAB, and its comparison is made with the TCAD numerical simulation. The obtained analytical results and the numerical simulation results correspond well.
InN TFET with extended gate for high sensitivity label‐free biosensor
Authors: Ren Xinglin , Zhao Hongdong , Guan Song , Geng Lixin , Song Yiheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn extended gate tunneling field effect transistor (EG‐TFET) with narrow bandgap material InN as a label‐free dielectric modulated biosensor is proposed and investigated. An optimum structure of the proposed InN TFET is given by comparing on‐state and ambipolar current. The on‐state current is improved by increasing the length of source overlap, for the rate of forward tunneling increases. Further, the ambipolar current is suppressed by increasing the length of drain offset, for the rate of backward tunneling decreases. A cavity under the gate electrode is formed for sensing biomolecules by dielectric modulation. The performance of EG‐TFET biosensor corresponding to varied dielectric constants of biomolecule is analyzed. In addition, the impacts of charge density and partial filled cavity on the drain current sensitivity are investigated. The electric field, surface potential and energy band profiles are used to explain the working principle of the EG‐TFET biosensor. The simulations reveal that the drain current sensitivity is 3.72 × 107 when neutral biomolecule with κ = 12 is immobilized in the cavity. A linearity fit verification is given, and the results of current sensitivity reveal a good linearity of the EG‐TFET biosensor with fitness coefficient γ2 > 0.99.
Causally interpretable meta‐analysis: Clearly defined causal effects and two case studies
Authors: Rott Kollin W. , Bronfort Gert , Chu Haitao , Huling Jared D. , Leininger Brent , Murad Mohammad Hassan , Wang Zhen , Hodges James S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMeta‐analysis is commonly used to combine results from multiple clinical trials, but traditional meta‐analysis methods do not refer explicitly to a population of individuals to whom the results apply and it is not clear how to use their results to assess a treatment's effect for a population of interest. We describe recently‐introduced causally interpretable meta‐analysis methods and apply their treatment effect estimators to two individual‐participant data sets. These estimators transport estimated treatment effects from studies in the meta‐analysis to a specified target population using the individuals' potentially effect‐modifying covariates. We consider different regression and weighting methods within this approach and compare the results to traditional aggregated‐data meta‐analysis methods. In our applications, certain versions of the causally interpretable methods performed somewhat better than the traditional methods, but the latter generally did well. The causally interpretable methods offer the most promise when covariates modify treatment effects and our results suggest that traditional methods work well when there is little effect heterogeneity. The causally interpretable approach gives meta‐analysis an appealing theoretical framework by relating an estimator directly to a specific population and lays a solid foundation for future developments.
Advantages and limitations of different methods to determine the optimum formulation in surfactant–oil–water systems: A review
Authors: Marquez Ronald , Ontiveros Jesús F. , Barrios Nelson , Tolosa Laura , Palazzo Gerardo , Nardello‐Rataj Véronique , Salager Jean Louis 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe optimum formulation in a surfactant–oil–water (SOW) system is defined as the physicochemical situation at which the surfactant adsorbed at the interface exhibits exactly equal interactions for both oil and water. Identifying the optimum formulation of SOW systems is crucial in various industrial applications, ranging from pharmaceuticals to cosmetics and to petroleum issues like dehydration and enhanced oil recovery. Multiple techniques are available to identify the optimum formulation, often with its own advantages and limitations. In this comprehensive review, we provide an in‐depth analysis of the systematic use of formulation scans to identify the optimum formulation in SOW systems. We critically assess different methods, including conventional ones, such as phase behavior observation, determination of the minimum interfacial tension from equilibrated systems, and the localization of the minimum emulsion stability using formulation scans. We also mention a new promising technique that can be applied in practice, such as oscillating spinning drop interfacial rheology (OSDIR) as well as others that allow an understanding of some structural features of the domains present in the surfactant‐rich phase in SOW systems. Among these methods, dynamic light scattering (DLS), small angle scattering (SAXS and SANS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X‐ray microcomputed tomography (Micro‐CT), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), can be found in the literature. Finally, we discuss potentially unusual behaviors that can appear in complex systems, thus providing guidance on the selection of the most suitable method tailored to the specific application.
Covalent and non‐covalent interaction of myofibrillar protein and cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside: focus on structure, binding sites and in vitro digestion properties
Authors: Liao Guangming , Kang Jiajia , Zhang Haiping , Cui Ying , Xiong Shanbai , Liu Youming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of covalent and non‐covalent interactions between myofibrillar protein (MP) and cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside (C3G) on protein structure, binding sites, and digestion properties. Four methods of inducing covalent cross‐linking were used in the preparation of MP‐C3G conjugates, including tyrosinase‐catalyzed oxidation, alkaline pH shift treatment, free radical grafting, and ultrasonic treatment. A comparison was made between MP‐C3G conjugates and complexes, and the analysis included sodium dodecyl sulfate‐polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE), C3G binding ratio, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), protein side‐chain amino acids, circular dichroism spectroscopy, three‐dimensional fluorescence, particle size, and in vitro simulated digestion.RESULTSCovalent bonding between C3G and amino acid side chains in MP was confirmed by LC–MS/MS. In covalent bonding, tryptophan residues, free amino groups and sulfhydryl groups were all implicated. Among the 22 peptides covalently modified by C3G, 30 modification sites were identified, located in lysine, histidine, tryptophan, arginine and cysteine. In vitro simulated digestion experiments showed that the addition of C3G significantly reduced the digestibility of MP, with the covalent conjugate showing lower digestibility than the non‐covalent conjugate. Moreover, the digestibility of protein decreased more during intestinal digestion, possibly because covalent cross‐linking of C3G and MP further inhibited trypsin targeting sites (lysine and arginine).CONCLUSIONCovalent cross‐linking of C3G with myofibrillar proteins significantly affected protein structure and reduced protein digestibility by occupying more trypsin binding sites. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Measurement and modeling of peroxides half‐life: A thermo‐kinetic approach
Authors: Dan Florin , Bagaria Pranav , Habersberger Brian , Koziol Amy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHalf‐life values of organic peroxides at elevated temperature conditions are important in characterizing the reactivity and are often available in literature or through vendors. However, there is often lack of details/accuracy on methods used to obtain these values, as well as differences in methods across vendors and publications, thus resulting in discrepant reactivity profile. To address this, a method involving calorimetric experiment and thermo‐kinetic modeling was developed. The current approach was applied on five peroxides samples to obtain kinetic parameters and estimate their half‐life in the temperature range of interest. The measurements were performed by DSC under non‐isothermal conditions on the dilute peroxide solutions (∼0.12 M in mineral oil) and the data were kinetically treated according to three model‐based and one model‐free kinetic equations. A very good agreement was found between the half‐life calculated by all kinetic methods, but significant differences were noticed with the kinetic parameters reported in literature. Additionally, the obtained half‐life results, based on non‐isothermal measurements developed kinetic models, were validated through isothermal calorimetric testing. Given the accuracy and robustness of our results, the current method can be applied to estimate half‐life of organic peroxides at elevated temperature conditions.