bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provision of drug and alcohol services amidst COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative evaluation on the experiences of service providers
Authors: Richards-Jones Levi , Patel Priya , Jagpal Parbir Kaur , Lowrie Richard , Saunders Karen , Burwood Sarah , Shrestha Sunil , Paudyal Vibhu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the provision of drug and alcohol (D&A) services and associated outcomes have been under-researched.

Aim
This study aimed to understand the experiences of service providers in relation to how drug and alcohol (D&A) services were affected during COVID-19 pandemic, including the adaptations made and lessons learnt for the future.

Method
Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants from various D&A service organisations across the UK. Data were audio recorded, followed by transcription and thematic analysis.

Results
A total of 46 participants representing various service providers were recruited between October and January 2022. The thematic analysis identified ten themes. COVID-19 required significant changes to how the treatment was provided and prioritised. Expansion of telehealth and digital services were described, which reduced service wait times and increased opportunities for peer network. However, they described missed opportunities for disease screening, and some users risked facing digital exclusion. Participants who provided opiate substitution therapy service spoke of improving service provider/user trust following the shift from daily supervised treatment consumption to weekly dispensing. At the same time, they feared fatal overdoses and non-adherence to treatment.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the multifaceted impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK-based D&A service provisions. The long-term impact of reduced supervision on Substance Use Disorder treatment and outcomes and any effect of virtual communications on service efficiency, patient-provider relationships and treatment retention and successes are unknown, suggesting the need for further study to assess their utility.
Optimising adherence to secondary prevention medications following acute coronary syndrome utilising telehealth cardiology pharmacist clinics: a matched cohort study
Authors: Livori Adam C. , Pol Derk , Levkovich Bianca , Oqueli Ernesto 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Adherence to secondary prevention medications following acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is a predictor of future major adverse cardiovascular events. Underutilisation of these medications is associated with higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events globally.

Aim
To explore the effects of a telehealth cardiology pharmacist clinic on patient adherence to secondary prevention medications in the 12 months following ACS.

Method
Retrospective matched cohort study within a large regional health service comparing patient populations before and after implementation of pharmacist clinic with 12-month follow up. Patients who received percutaneous coronary intervention for ACS were consulted by the pharmacist at 1, 3- and 12-months. Matching criteria included age, sex, presence of left ventricular dysfunction and ACS type. Primary outcome was difference in adherence in adherence at 12 months post ACS. Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events at 12 months and validation of self-reported adherence using medication possession ratios from pharmacy dispensing records.

Results
There were 156 patients in this study (78 matched pairs). Analysis of adherence at 12 months demonstrated an absolute increase in adherence by 13% (31 vs. 44%, p = 0.038). Furthermore, sub-optimal medical therapy (less than 3 ACS medication groups at 12 months) reduced by 23% (31 vs. 8%, p = 0.004).

Conclusion
This novel intervention significantly improved adherence to secondary prevention medications at 12 months, a demonstrated contributor to clinical outcomes. Primary and secondary outcomes in the intervention group were both statistically significant. Pharmacist-led follow up improves adherence and patient outcomes.
Maximum softly-penalized likelihood for mixed effects logistic regression
Authors: Sterzinger Philipp , Kosmidis Ioannis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMaximum likelihood estimation in logistic regression with mixed effects is known to often result in estimates on the boundary of the parameter space. Such estimates, which include infinite values for fixed effects and singular or infinite variance components, can cause havoc to numerical estimation procedures and inference. We introduce an appropriately scaled additive penalty to the log-likelihood function, or an approximation thereof, which penalizes the fixed effects by the Jeffreys’ invariant prior for the model with no random effects and the variance components by a composition of negative Huber loss functions. The resulting maximum penalized likelihood estimates are shown to lie in the interior of the parameter space. Appropriate scaling of the penalty guarantees that the penalization is soft enough to preserve the optimal asymptotic properties expected by the maximum likelihood estimator, namely consistency, asymptotic normality, and Cramér-Rao efficiency. Our choice of penalties and scaling factor preserves equivariance of the fixed effects estimates under linear transformation of the model parameters, such as contrasts. Maximum softly-penalized likelihood is compared to competing approaches on two real-data examples, and through comprehensive simulation studies that illustrate its superior finite sample performance.
Can Regulation Affect the Solvency of Insurers? New Evidence from European Insurers
Authors: Siopi Evaggelia , Poufinas Thomas , Chen James Ming , Agiropoulos Charalampos 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Successive crises in the early twenty-first century prompted regulators around the world to ask financial institutions to implement a series of regulations. These measures aimed to increase transparency, improve consumer and investor protection, restructure financial capital, stabilize insurance and pension markets, and improve solvency. The Solvency II framework introduced in the European Union applied these principles to insurance companies. This study attempts to predict the solvency of an insurer within a set of European insurers. The dataset consists of 29 insurance groups that operate across the European Union with a country of origin within the European Union for the period 2016 to 2020. The variables were constructed from annual financial statements retrieved from (Thomson Reuters) DataStream. The solvency capital requirement ratios were obtained manually from the solvency financial condition reports of each group. Regularized linear regression applying a ℓ1/ least-absolute-shrinkage-and-selection-operator penalty showed that the reinvestment rate, cash and equivalents, long term investment, and losses-benefits-and-adjustments expenses have the greatest predictive impact on the solvency of insurers. The contribution of this paper lies in the identification of determinants that allow insurance companies to maintain strong solvency capital requirement ratios so that they can maintain internal operations with minimal interruption.
Graphene-based versus alumina supports on CO2 methanation using lanthanum-promoted nickel catalysts
Authors: Méndez-Mateos David , Barrio V. Laura , Requies Jesús M. , Gil-Calvo Miryam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe valorization of CO2 as a biofuel, transforming it through methanation as part of the power-to-gas (P2G) process, will allow the reduction of the net emissions of this gas to the atmosphere. Catalysts with 13 wt.% of nickel (Ni) loading incorporated into alumina and graphene derivatives were used, and the effect of the support on the activity was examined at temperatures between 498 and 773 K and 10 bar of pressure. Among the graphene-based catalysts (13Ni/AGO, 13Ni/BGO, 13Ni/rGO, 13Ni-Ol/GO, 13Ni/Ol-GO, and 13Ni/Ol-GO Met), the highest methane yield was found for 13Ni/rGO (78% at 810 K), being the only system comparable to the catalyst supported on alumina 13Ni/Al2O3 (89.5% at 745 K). The incorporation of 14 wt.% of lanthanum (La) into the most promising supports, rGO and alumina, led to nickel-support interactions that enhanced the catalytic activity of 13Ni/Al2O3 (89.5% at lower temperature, 727 K) but was not effective for 13Ni/rGO. The resistance against deactivation by H2S poisoning was also studied for these catalysts, and a fast deactivation was observed. In addition, activity recovery was impossible despite the regeneration treatment carried out over catalysts. The resistance against deactivation by H2S poisoning was also studied for these catalysts, observing that both suffered a rapid/immediate deactivation and which in addition/unfortunately was impossible to solve despite the regeneration treatment carried out over catalysts.
Spatiotemporal analysis of the surface urban heat island (SUHI), air pollution and disease pattern: an applied study on the city of Granada (Spain)
Authors: Hidalgo-García David , Arco-Díaz Julián 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There is worldwide concern about how climate change —which involves rising temperatures— may increase the risk of contracting and developing diseases, reducing the quality of life. This study provides new research that takes into account parameters such as land surface temperature (LST), surface urban heat island (SUHI), urban hotspot (UHS), air pollution (SO2, NO2, CO, O3 and aerosols), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference building index (NDBI) and the proportion of vegetation (PV) that allows evaluating environmental quality and establishes mitigation measures in future urban developments that could improve the quality of life of a given population. With the help of Sentinel 3 and 5P satellite images, we studied these variables in the context of Granada (Spain) during the year 2021 to assess how they may affect the risk of developing diseases (stomach, colorectal, lung, prostate and bladder cancer, dementia, cerebrovascular disease, liver disease and suicide). The results, corroborated by the statistical analysis using the Data Panel technique, indicate that the variables LST, SUHI and daytime UHS, NO2, SO2 and NDBI have important positive correlations above 99% (p value: 0.000) with an excess risk of developing these diseases. Hence, the importance of this study for the formulation of healthy policies in cities and future research that minimizes the excess risk of diseases.
Basics of the LSPR Sensors for Soft Matter at Interfaces
Authors: Zhdanov Vladimir P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn important class of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)–based sensors implies the fabrication of an array of plasmonic metal nanoparticles on the support in combination with a thin protective dielectric layer. If needed, this layer can be covered, e.g., by a suitable thin biological layer, e.g., a lipid bilayer with receptors. The attachment of analyte (e.g., protein molecules or vesicles) to such interfaces is tracked via its indirect optical effect on the LSPR-related peak extinction wavelength. Such sensors have been commercialized and are now used to study biological soft matter. The length scale of the local field able in probing analyte around plasmonic nanoparticles is in this case on the order of 20 nm. Conceptually, these LSPR sensors are similar to the SPR sensors which were developed much earlier. Herein, the similarities and differences in the formalisms used to interpret SPR and LSPR measurements are discussed in detail. In particular, the exponential and power-law attenuation functions employed in these formalisms to describe the drop of the field are compared from various perspectives. The applicability of the power-law attenuation function in the context of LSPR is illustrated by using a generic model describing spherically shaped plasmonic metal nanoparticles. This model is also employed to illustrate the sensitivity of LSPR sensors with respect to various quantities. Among more specific results, the available expressions for the signal reduction factor for analyte nanoparticles of various shapes are collected and complemented by new ones. In addition, the equation describing the LSPR signal related to analyte attachment to a rough surface is presented.
The Influence of Different Dimensions of the Parent–Child Relationship in Childhood as Longitudinal Predictors of Substance Use in Late Adolescence. The Mediating Role of Self-Control
Authors: Rodríguez-Ruiz Joaquín , Zych Izabela , Ribeaud Denis , Steinhoff Annekatrin , Eisner Manuel , Quednow Boris B. , Shanahan Lilly 
Published: March 2023

Abstract This study examined longitudinal links between several dimensions of parent–child relationship and adolescent substance use, and tested the role of self-control in mediating these. Data came from the Zurich Project on the Social Development from Childhood to Adulthood. Validated questionnaires were used to measure parent–child domains at age 11, self-control at age 13, and substance use at ages 13, 15, 17, and 20. Low positive parenting and parental supervision, as well as aversive parenting, correlated with substance use. Linear regression model revealed that aversive parenting, low child disclosure, low positive parenting, and low parental involvement at age 11 predicted substance use at different stages of adolescence. These associations were mediated by low self-control at age 13. Involving parents and increasing their knowledge about desirable parental practices and ways to help their children to develop adequate self-control could be an effective element in substance use prevention strategies.
Does Exercise Addiction Exist Among Individuals Engaged in Team-Based Exercise? A Position Paper
Authors: Griffiths Mark D. , Landolfi Emilio , Szabo Attila 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExercise addiction is a term used to describe dysfunctional exercise behavior characterized by the classic symptoms of addictions, which eventually result in physical, psychological, or social harm to the affected individual. While well over 1000 peer-reviewed papers on problematic exercise have been published, very few studies have explored the conceptual differences between team-based and individual-based exercise, and no previous study has critically addressed this issue. The rationale for this distinction is that team-based exercise is typically organized and scheduled by others with little or no control over its timing by the individual team member. On the contrary, individual-based exercise can be self-scheduled. Consequently, more (total) control over its timing facilitates the satisfaction of craving-induced urges characterized by an addiction. It is posited that exercise addicts, in general, are “lone wolves” in the context of their addiction. Therefore, being addicted to exercise in team sports is only possible if the individual resorts to additional individually-controlled exercise above and beyond team-based training. To support this position, the present paper briefly reviews the few studies conducted in this area and examines how their results match the diagnostic interpretation of “addiction.” The present position paper highlights that “control” over the addictive behavior, in this case, exercise, is an important marker in the potential for the risk of exercise addiction. Therefore, future studies should consider that team-based exercise assigns little control to the individual. However, the extent to which additional individual-based exercise occurs and poses a risk of addiction within team exercises merits further research attention.
Kinetics of Electrically Enhanced Boron Removal From Silicon Using CaO-SiO2 and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 Slag
Authors: Putera A. D. P. , Islam M. S. , Avarmaa K. L. , Petrus H. T. B. M. , Brooks G. A. , Rhamdhani M. A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn approach in analyzing the kinetics of reacting metallurgical system enhanced by applied electrical potential difference has been proposed. The approach accounted the electrochemical mechanism by combining Fick’s first law and Nernst–Planck equation, building upon the approach by Kim et al. and extending it to simultaneously solve the key kinetics parameters of boron diffusivity in slag (D(B)) and potential difference ($${\Delta \phi }_{s}$$

Δ
ϕ

s

) across the slag phase. The approach was utilized to examine the kinetics of enhanced boron removal from silicon with CaO-SiO2 and CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 slags, in the context of silicon recycling and refining. The model was used to describe the mobility of boron in the molten silicon and slag phases, i.e., boron mass transfer coefficient in liquid silicon (km), in the slag (ks), and the diffusivity of boron in slag phase (D(B)). The results demonstrated that the new kinetics model fit well with the experimental data with an average coefficient of determination (R2 value) of 0.91. The ks and D(B) were calculated to be in the range of 0.9 to 1.3 × 10–6 and 1.1 to 29.2 × 10–9 m2 s−1, respectively. The application of external voltage was observed to reduce B final concentration in the silicon phase by 18 pct from approximately 120 to 100 ppmw in all samples. The addition of Al2O3 in the slag phase consistently reduced the mobility of boron in the slag phase by approximately 50 pct.
Feasibility of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy for Patients with Obesity and Disorders of Intellectual Development: a Single Institutional Experience
Authors: Wakamatsu Kotaro , Oshiro Takashi , Kitahara Natsumi , Moriyama Yuuki , Nabekura Taiki , Hashi Kozue , Hayashi Karin , Saiki Atsuhito , Okazumi Shinichi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Owing to their difficulty following clinical advice for procedural safety and ideal surgical outcomes, bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) for patients with disorders of intellectual development (DID) is concerning. Studies reporting the feasibility of BMS for this population remain scarce. This study aims to clarify the feasibility of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) for patients with clinically severe obesity and DID.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of a single institutional prospective database collected from 2010 to 2022 was performed. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) was used to measure intellectual ability before LSG. A multidisciplinary team approach was implemented to give special support and care to patients with DID. Patients were categorized into groups according to their WAIS scores. LSG outcomes were statistically compared between the DID and average intellectual ability groups.

Results
Using the WAIS to measure intellectual ability among patients who underwent LSG, we identified 14 patients with DID (IQ score: < 69, mean IQ: 63.4) and 71 with average intellectual ability (IQ score: 90–109, mean IQ: 98.9). Operative outcomes were comparable between the groups as follows: operation time (DID: 163 ± 41 min, average intelligence: 162 ± 30 min), hospital stay (DID: 4 [4–5] days, average intelligence: 5 [4–6] days), and total comorbidities (DID: 7.1%, average intelligence: 8.4%). No reoperations were performed, and no mortalities were observed.

Conclusions
With medical and social support and care, performing LSG on patients with clinically severe obesity and DID is safe, with good short-term results.

Graphical abstract
Moral Difference and Moral Differences
Authors: Taylor Craig 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe idea that human beings have a distinct moral worth—a moral significance over and above any moral worth, such as that may be, possessed by other animals—has a long history and has traditionally been taken for granted by philosophers and theologians. However, in a variety of quarters in recent philosophy, this idea has come into disrepute, seeming to indicate a mere prejudice in favour of our own species. For example, Peter Singer has argued that such a position is mere speciesism, a prejudice of a kind with racism and sexism in that it involves making moral distinctions between our own and other species that cannot be morally justified. What on such views is needed to justify any such distinction is a difference in terms of the morally relevant properties possessed by our own species as compared with other species. I will call this view the moral property view. Insofar as other species share with us morally relevant properties, for example the capacity to suffer cognitive ability and so on, it is mere prejudice not to accept moral requirements with respect to them as we do with respect to our own species. While on the surface such a view may seem morally enlightened, it indicates what will seem to many problematic moral judgments with respect to severely disabled human beings. In this paper, I will respond to these concerns by suggesting a different basis for the idea of human moral distinctiveness, one that draws on recent work by Wittgensteinian moral philosophers and which denies what I called above the property view. According to this view, while our shared life with other animals involves the recognition of their moral significance, our shared life with other human beings involves recognising that human beings as human beings have a distinctive moral value.
The annual conference of the Irish College of Ophthalmologists: examining over a decade of trends
Authors: Farrell Lily , Gull Khadija , Kelly Siobhan , O’Brien Colm , O’Toole Louise 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The annual conference of the Irish College of Ophthalmologists (ICO) is a key calendar event for ophthalmology research in Ireland.

Aims
We investigated whether there were identifiable trends across various domains for the last twelve ICO meetings. Our objectives were to assess subspeciality and training centre representation, as well as the characteristics of the first author to include gender and stage of training.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of paper and poster presentations from the ICO annual conference yearbooks was conducted. The representation of subspecialties, affiliated institutions, and gender distribution were noted for both categories. For paper presentations, the author’s career stage, full-text publication rates, and impact factors were also determined.

Results
A total of 306 paper presentations and 306 poster presentations were analysed. The subspecialty of retina had the highest representation within both sections. The overall mean publication rate was 38% (range, 6–39%), with a mean journal impact factor of 2.02. No statistically significant differences in gender noted with regard to poster, paper, or publications (p < 0.9, p < 0.1, p < 0.7, respectively).

Conclusions
This is the first review of all research contributions to the ICO conference. We found that there is a need to promote research in some underrepresented subspecialities and training centres. No significant gender bias was found. There is scope to improve the publication conversion rate; this would allow for greater dissemination of the research presented at the ICO meeting.