bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Germinação, superação da dormência de sementes e dispersão endozoocórica por bovinos de espécies nativas de pastagens naturais
Authors: de Azevedo Eduardo Bohrer , Pagel Reimar , Maggio Lilian Pedroso , Chiapinotto Diego Martins , Conterato Ionara Fátima , Schneider Angelo Alberto , Schaedler Carlos Eduardo , de David Diego Bitencourt 
Published: April 2023

ResumoAs pastagens naturais, um dos principais ecossistemas do mundo, estão ameaçadas e as espécies nativas são desejáveis quando se trata de restauração. Os principais processos para o sucesso da restauração das pastagens são o estabelecimento das plantas e a adição de sementes no solo. Assim, isso requer a superação das barreiras que impedem a germinação e estratégias de dispersão de sementes. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial germinativo, tratamentos para superar a dormência de sementes e a dispersão por endozoocoria de espécies nativas forrageiras por bovinos. Sementes de 21 espécies nativas das quatro famílias botânicas mais comuns (Poaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae e Cyperaceae) foram coletadas em uma área de pastagem natural (Bioma Pampa) e utilizadas nos experimentos. Experimento I: foi realizada a germinação em condições controladas de todas as espécies e comparada com a da forragem comercial (Paspalum notatum cv. “Pensacola”). Experimento II: foram testados três tratamentos para superação da dormência das sementes (escarificação mecânica e química e priming) em seis espécies. Experimento III: foi avaliada a recuperação, viabilidade e germinação das sementes das espécies nativas Paspalum notatum Flüggé e Desmodium incanum DC em fezes de gado. Os resultados mostram que Paspalum umbrosum Trin. e Saccharum angustifolium Nees apresentam alto potencial germinativo quando comparadas à forragem comercial. Os tratamentos para superar a dormência das sementes aumentaram a germinação de D. incanum, Paspalum plicatulum Michx. e Paspalum dilatatum Poir. A recuperação total de sementes de 15% (P. notatum) e 26% (D. incanum), sem afetar a viabilidade das sementes, mostra que os bovinos são capazes de suprir o banco de sementes do solo com espécies nativas. O potencial germinativo, tratamentos para superar a dormência de sementes e dispersão endozoocórica de espécies nativas forrageiras podem ser explorados na restauração de pastagens naturais.
The histologic comparison of submandibular gland between yak and yellow cattle
Authors: Yang Dapeng , Mao Aipeng , Yuan Ligang , He Yuqin , Chen Shaoyu , Zhang Yong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare between the histochemical characteristics and the expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and it's receptor (EGFR) in the submandibular gland (SMG) of adult yaks and yellow cattle. The SMG tissues of yaks and yellow cattles were collected for histochemical, immunohistochemical (IHC), immunofluorescence (F‐IHC)，real‐time quantitative polymerasechain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and Western blotting methods. The results showed that the striated ducts of SMG were highly developed and connected to the intercalated ducts, which were shorter and directly connected to the acini. Compared with yellow cattle, yak SMG contains more mucous acini. Immunofluorescence showed significant expression of EGF and its receptor in both striated and intercalated ducts of these two species of cattle. Statistical analysis divulged that the distribution density of EGF and EGFR in the SMG of the yak was both significantly higher than that in yellow cattle (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA expression of EGF and EGFR in yak SMG was also higher than that in yellow cattle. The above results indicated that the intercalated ducts and striated ducts are the main expression sites of EGF and EGFR, the acidic mucin and EGF secreted from SMG of yak were more than that from yellow cattle. The results of this study provide powerful data for the study of physiological functions of submaxillary gland in ruminants and also provide important clues for the study of adaptive physiological mechanisms in plateau organisms.
Perceptions of Australians with diabetes‐related foot disease on requirements for effective secondary prevention
Authors: Drovandi Aaron , Crowley Benjamin , Alahakoon Chanika , Seng Leonard , Fernando Malindu E. , Ross Diane , Evans Rebecca , Golledge Jonathan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionSecondary prevention is essential in reducing recurrence of diabetes‐related foot disease (DFD) but is frequently poorly implemented in clinical practice.ObjectiveTo explore the perceptions of people with diabetes‐related foot disease (DFD) on their self‐perceived knowledge in managing DFD, facilitators and barriers influencing their DFD care, and ideas and preferences for a secondary prevention program.DesignSixteen people with a history of DFD from Queensland and Victoria, Australia, underwent semi‐structured interviews. Interviews were audio‐recorded over telephone and transcribed and analysed following a thematic framework. Participants were asked about their experiences and perceptions relating to DFD and factors influencing the care they receive for DFD relevant to the development of a secondary prevention program for DFD.Findings and discussionParticipants had high self‐perceived knowledge in managing DFD, especially in implementing healthy lifestyle changes and conducting daily foot checks and foot care, though most received support from family members acting as carers. However, issues with access and adherence to offloading footwear, and a lack of clear education received on footwear and other aspects of DFD care were perceived as major barriers. Improved patient education, provided in a consistent manner by proactive clinicians was perceived as an essential part of secondary prevention. Telehealth was perceived positively through facilitating faster care and considered a good adjunct to standard care. Health and technological literacy were considered potentially major barriers to the effectiveness of remote care.ConclusionPeople with DFD require improved access to offloading footwear and education about secondary prevention, which could be provided by telehealth with adequate support.
Lymph nodal recurrence in levels IV and V in oral squamous cell carcinoma after neck dissection
Authors: Obermeier Katharina Theresa , Liokatis Paris , Haidari Selgai , Kakoschke Tamara Katharina , Kraus Moritz , Smolka Wenko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to determine the risk of lymph node recurrence in levels IV and V after tumour resection and neck dissection of level I–III and level I–V.MethodsData from 228 patients suffering from OSCC were analysed retrospectively. Patients with level I–III neck dissection were compared to those with level I–V neck dissection in terms of number and location of nodal recurrence.The incidence of level IV–V recurrence in patients who had received level I–III neck dissection was compared with that of patients who had received level I–V neck dissection. The incidence of level IV–V recurrence was also compared between patients with pN0 and pN+ necks.ResultsOverall, 19 patients developed metastases. Only in two cases appeared nodal recurrence in levels IV or V. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups.ConclusionsNeck dissection of levels I–III seems to be sufficient treatment in cases of unsuspicious lymph nodes in levels IV and V, even in cases of positive nodes in levels I–III if adjuvant radiation therapy is applied. However, 5‐year‐disease free survival rate is lower in patients with nodal metastases in levels IV and V than in patients with metastases located in levels I–III.
A contemporary evaluation of surgical aortic valve replacement outcomes and temporal trends
Authors: Chang Shantel , Yong Matthew S. , Stroebel Andrie , Hughes Ian , Scuffham Paul , He Cheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundGiven the ageing population and uptake of transcatheter approaches for treating aortic stenosis (AS), a renewed evaluation of outcomes after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is warranted. With guidelines recommending age‐based indications for surgical and transcatheter approaches, this study critically evaluates outcomes in age‐based subgroups, with the aim to refine management of AS in the elderly, where there is often no clear consensus.MethodsSix hundred and thirteen consecutive patients who underwent SAVR in an Australian tertiary cardiac centre between 1 June 2014 and 13 January 2022 were retrospectively analysed. Of these, 70.31% were <75 years (Group 1) and 29.69% were ≥75 years (Group 2). Groups were compared with respect to early and long‐term outcomes. Logistic regression, Kaplan–Meier survival estimates and Cox proportional hazards regression were performed for all patients and an AS‐specific sub‐group.ResultsPatients aged ≥75 years were more likely to be female and have hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and pre‐existing arrhythmia (P < 0.001). Group 1 experienced a higher incidence of renal failure compared with Group 2, in the overall cohort and AS‐specific subgroup (P = 0.02). The incidence of stroke was similar between groups, in the overall cohort (P = 0.22) and the AS‐specific subgroup (P = 0.32). Age ≥ 75 was not found to be an independent predictor of 30‐day, 1‐year or 5‐year mortality. Temporal trends revealed low consistently low complication rates.ConclusionsElderly patients should not be denied surgery based on age, despite guideline‐driven age‐based recommendations.
Uric acid transport, transporters, and their pharmacological targeting
Authors: Adomako Emmanuel A. , Moe Orson W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKnowledge of uric acid (UA) crystallopathies preceded the identification of this compound. How the body handles and transports UA proved even more elusive. Over several decades, advances in molecular phenotyping have illuminated this hitherto nebulous field. Closely parallel to the characterization of the transport mechanisms of UA in the body was the development of drugs designed to manipulate UA levels. In this review, we highlight the study of UA transport and transporters. This is an evolving field, and we expect our knowledge of the transport mechanisms to both widen and deepen further. We focus on the best‐characterized transporters rather than an exhaustive catalog of all suspected transporters. We review the established and novel compounds that modulate UA transport.
Editorial: concurrence of coeliac disease with inflammatory bowel disease – is big data the final arbiter? Authors' reply
Authors: Sonnenberg Amnon , Genta Robert M. 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Sonnenberg and Genta's papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17408 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17425
Letter: fulminant onset complicated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) – a unique subtype? Authors' reply
Authors: Jayasooriya Nishani , Saxena Sonia , Pollok Richard C. 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Jayasooriya et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17370 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17418
Letter: Potassium‐competitive acid blockers may increase the risk of gastric cancer after Helicobacter pylori eradication—a retrospective multicentre‐cohort analysis. Authors' reply
Authors: Piovani Daniele , Tsantes Andreas G. , Schünemann Holger J. , Bonovas Stefanos 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Piovani et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17360 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17461.
Letter: diagnostic delay in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Tassone Daniel , Gilmore Robert , Lee Tanya , Ding Nik S. 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Jayasooriya et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17370 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17493.
Letter: Does irritable bowel syndrome have a greater impact in Western, compared with Asian, patients? Authors' reply
Authors: Goodoory Vivek C. , Guthrie Elspeth A. , Ng Cho Ee , Black Christopher J. , Ford Alexander C. 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Goodoory et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17356 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17485.
Letter: 5‐aminosalicylate maintenance treatment in mild Crohn's disease—authors' reply
Authors: Atia Ohad , Goren Idan , Yanai Henit 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Atia et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17419 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17489.
Letter: time to consider Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia prophylaxis in treatment of autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Schneider Daniel , Strathmore Alexander , Yu Catherine , Hannah Nicholas , Sood Siddharth 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Tellez et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16926.
Provenance studies of basaltic tools from the Polish Lowlands in the light of geochemical and mineralogical studies
Authors: Bartz Wojciech , Chachlikowski Piotr , Kukuła Anna , Matusiak‐Małek Magdalena , Mazurek Hubert 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBasaltic artefacts related to early agrarian cultures (Neolithic and Early Bronze Age) inhabiting the Kujawy region of the Polish Lowlands (Central Poland) were studied. The main goal of this study was to assess the provenance of the basaltic raw material and the documentation of manifestations of the activity of inhabitants of the Lowlands. The mineral and chemical compositions of the artefacts were directly compared with those of basaltoids considered as a potential raw material. The basic discrimination feature that allowed an unambiguous correlation of the artefacts with their source region was copper and silica mineralization present exclusively in the basaltoids from Volyn (western Ukraine). Moreover, it excludes the provenance of the basaltic raw material from Lower Silesia (south‐west Poland) and Scania (southern Sweden). Usage of the basaltic raw material from Volyn was most probably based on cultural and processual presumptions, such as migrations of a population(s) from the Upland regions and/or manifestations of relatively permanent participation of the local population in interregional contacts and long‐term, long‐distance exchange of items.
Using causal models to bridge the divide between big data and educational theory
Authors: Kitto Kirsty , Hicks Ben , Buckingham Shum Simon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn extraordinary amount of data is becoming available in educational settings, collected from a wide range of Educational Technology tools and services. This creates opportunities for using methods from Artificial Intelligence and Learning Analytics (LA) to improve learning and the environments in which it occurs. And yet, analytics results produced using these methods often fail to link to theoretical concepts from the learning sciences, making them difficult for educators to trust, interpret and act upon. At the same time, many of our educational theories are difficult to formalise into testable models that link to educational data. New methodologies are required to formalise the bridge between big data and educational theory. This paper demonstrates how causal modelling can help to close this gap. It introduces the apparatus of causal modelling, and shows how it can be applied to well‐known problems in LA to yield new insights. We conclude with a consideration of what causal modelling adds to the theory‐versus‐data debate in education, and extend an invitation to other investigators to join this exciting programme of research.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

‘Correlation does not equal causation’ is a familiar claim in many fields of research but increasingly we see the need for a causal understanding of our educational systems.
Big data bring many opportunities for analysis in education, but also a risk that results will fail to replicate in new contexts.
Causal inference is a well‐developed approach for extracting causal relationships from data, but is yet to become widely used in the learning sciences.

What this paper adds

An overview of causal modelling to support educational data scientists interested in adopting this promising approach.
A demonstration of how constructing causal models forces us to more explicitly specify the claims of educational theories.
An understanding of how we can link educational datasets to theoretical constructs represented as causal models so formulating empirical tests of the educational theories that they represent.

Implications for practice and/or policy

Causal models can help us to explicitly specify educational theories in a testable format.
It is sometimes possible to make causal inferences from educational data if we understand our system well enough to construct a sufficiently explicit theoretical model.
Learning Analysts should work to specify more causal models and test their predictions, as this would advance our theoretical understanding of many educational systems.
From gating to computational flow cytometry: Exploiting artificial intelligence for MRD diagnostics
Authors: Riva Giovanni , Luppi Mario , Tagliafico Enrico 
Published: April 2023

The era of AI‐based methods to improve flow cytometry diagnostics in haematology is now at the beginning. The study by Nguyen and colleagues explored an emerging machine learning approach to assess phenotypic MRD in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients, showing that such AI‐driven computational analysis may represent a robust and feasible tool for advanced diagnostics of haematological malignancies.Commentary on: Nguyen et al. Computational flow cytometry provides accurate assessment of measurable residual disease in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2023;202:760–770.
Collaboration to improve cross‐race face identification: Wisdom of the multi‐racial crowd?
Authors: Cavazos Jacqueline G. , Jeckeln Géraldine , O'Toole Alice J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFace identification is particularly prone to error when individuals identify people of a race other than their own – a phenomenon known as the other‐race effect (ORE). Here, we show that collaborative “wisdom‐of‐crowds” decision‐making substantially improves face identification accuracy for own‐ and other‐race faces over individuals working alone. In two online experiments, East Asian and White individuals recognized own‐ and other‐race faces as individuals and as part of a collaborative dyad. Collaboration never proved more beneficial in a social setting than when individual identification decisions were combined computationally. The reliable benefit of non‐social collaboration may stem from its ability to avoid the potential negative outcomes of group diversity such as conflict. Consistent with this benefit, the racial diversity of collaborators did not influence either general or race‐specific face identification accuracy. Our findings suggest that collaboration between two individuals is a promising strategy for improving cross‐race face identification that may translate effectively into forensic and eyewitness settings.
Effect of posterior implant restorations on adjacent teeth and tissues: A case–control study
Authors: Tagger‐Green Nirit , Fridenberg Naama , Segal Shani , Levartovsky Shifra , Laviv Amir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionDental implants are an artificial substitute for extracted or missing teeth in the oral cavity and are valuable for improving dental health and quality of life. While many studies on implants can be found, few studies examine their effects on adjacent teeth and tissues. The study aimed to examine complications of teeth adjacent to dental implants in the posterior region.MethodsIn this retrospective case–control study, clinical data of patients treated with implants in the posterior segment were extracted from the medical records in a single community dental clinic between January 9, 2010 and January 9, 2020. The patients were examined clinically and radiographically every 6 months. Data on the adjacent teeth to the dental implants were collected and divided into two groups, complications (“study group”) versus no‐complications (“control group”). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to find a possible correlation between the complications and the variables checked, followed by checking specific variables in the complication group.ResultsA total of 1072 patients were included in the study. There were 179 patients (16.7%) with complications in adjacent teeth, while 893 patients had no documented complications. Predisposing factors for secondary caries were smoking (OR = 2.2, CI = 1.3–3.8) and a higher number of implants (OR = 1.6, CI = 1.1–2.5). Tooth crack and tooth fracture were analyzed together and found to be related to osteoporosis (OR = 8.9, CI = 2.9–27.6), whereas males were more prone to teeth fracture (OR = 2.8, CI = 1.1–7.4). Tooth mobility was related to a higher number of implants (OR = 16.5, CI = 3.7–73.8). Further analyzing the complication group solely, there was a statistical significance for age in primary caries and tooth mobility (p = 0.045). In addition, a higher number of implants was more prevalent with tooth mobility (p = 0.002), wider implant platform was more significant with primary caries (p = 0.012), and periodontal Stage III was more prone to tooth mobility (p < 0.001). The distance between the implant and adjacent tooth was also statistically significant—close proximity with tooth mobility and high distance with dental caries (p = 0.04).ConclusionsWe found a relatively high rate of complications in teeth adjacent to dental implants. Secondary caries was the most common complication. Good understanding and proper position of the implants is essential to avoid adjacent teeth complications.
Efficacy of the application of leukocyte and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF) on alveolar ridge preservation. A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Abad Carolina Encalada , Sanz‐Sanchez Ignacio , Serrano Victor , Sanz Esporrin Javier , Sanz‐Martin Ignacio , Sanz Mariano 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlveolar ridge preservation (ARP) is a well‐defined treatment performed to reduce bone dimensional changes occurring during the healing of post‐extraction sockets to allow for adequate implant placement. Leukocyte and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF) has been showing to potentially promote bone and tissue regeneration during wound healing. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate its efficacy for ARP when applied to fresh extraction sockets, in comparison with spontaneous healing.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐seven patients with hopeless non‐molar teeth were treated. After randomization, fresh extraction sockets were either filled with L‐PRF or allowed to heal spontaneously. CBCTs and intraoral scans were obtained immediately after extraction and at 4 months. Through superimposition of the obtained images, changes in the horizontal ridge width, height, buccal volume, and ridge contour changes were measured, as well as patient‐reported outcome measures (PROM's).ResultsThe ridge dimensions changed similarly in both groups. Although less reduction occurred in the test group at 1 mm from the bone crest, differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Application of L‐PRF did not prevent reductions of ridge contours, neither in the linear vertical aspect nor in volumetric changes. There were no differences between groups in the need for bone regeneration when placing implants. Patients in both groups reported similar outcomes in terms of bleeding, pain, inflammation, and function at 1 and 4 weeks postoperatively.ConclusionAlveolar preservation with L‐PRF neither minimized bone resorption occurring after tooth extraction in non‐molar sites nor reduced the need for bone regeneration when placing implants. Furthermore, its use did not improve PROM's.