bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress on carbon for electrochemical capacitors
Authors: Bizuneh Girum G. , Adam Amir M. M. , Ma Jianmin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrochemical capacitors bridge the energy gap between conventional dielectric capacitors and batteries. The energy storage mechanism relies on purely physical electrical double‐layer charging (EDL) and the faradaic process involving fast electrochemical redox reactions. These processes are strongly influenced by the surface area, porosity, electrical conductivity of the electrode materials, and the operating potential window of the electrolyte used. Carbonaceous materials play enormous roles in delivering outstanding electrochemical performance in electrochemical supercapacitors (ESCs) due to attractive material features suitable for high charge storage and release. However, due to the purely EDL‐based charge storage mechanism in only carbon‐based ESCs, the achievable energy density is low and hardly meets the high energy density demanding applications. Therefore, various carbon structures such as activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and so on are designed and integrated with other hetero atoms or combined with transition metal oxides and polymer components to induce the pseudo‐capacitive contributions via the electrochemical faradaic reaction. Thus, promoting the electrochemical performance of ESC based on the hybrid/composite material attributed to synergistic capacitances from EDLC and pseudocapacitance. Therefore, this review overviews the general perspective of the ESCs based on nanocarbons with various forms trending the progressive research contributions in developing high‐performance ESCs.
Critical intermediate β‐Li2NiO3 phase for structural degradation of Ni‐rich layered cathodes during thermal runaway
Authors: Gao Ang , Li Xinyan , Zhang Qinghua , Lyu Yingchun , Tang Zhexin , Shang Tongtong , Meng Fanqi , Luo Yanhong , Ji Pengxiang , Wang Xuefeng , Xiao Dongdong , Su Dong , Hu Yong‐Sheng , Li Hong , Chen Zhen , Gu Lin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNi‐rich layered (NRL) cathodes have been widely considered to undergo a degeneration from layered to spinel‐like phases and finally to a rock−salt phase, which jeopardizes the battery's performance and safety. However, this process does not sufficiently explain the drastic structure collapse that occurs during thermal runaway, as the lattice constants of these structures are similar. Herein, an intermediate β‐Li2NiO3 phase is identified during the thermally driven structural evolution via in situ heating scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging. The antihoneycomb‐ordered structure leads to a larger lattice mismatch of up to ∼15% with the layered structure. The resulting strain triggers huge bulk stress and the labile oxygen of the β‐Li2NiO3 phase aggravates the oxygen release, severely reducing the thermal stability of NRL materials. Finally, based on the screening for 3d transition metals, doping elements are chosen to suppress the β‐Li2TMO3 phase and enhance thermal stability. The findings provide comprehensive insights into the structural degradation process of NRL materials and pave the way to design high‐performance and safe battery systems.
Recent developments in Nb‐based oxides with crystallographic shear structures as anode materials for high‐rate lithium‐ion energy storage
Authors: Liu Yanchen , Russo Patrícia A. , Montoro Luciano A. , Pinna Nicola 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigh‐power lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) are required for a variety of technological applications, especially in the field of electric vehicles (EVs). Oxides based on niobium, titanium, and tungsten, and having crystallographic shear structures, are considered promising materials for high‐rate anodes of LIBs. The unique structures with open channels, multielectron redox processes, and a moderate potential window with a resulting solid electrolyte interface‐free interface provide them with rapid Li‐ion diffusion pathways, fairly high capacities, and high safety. In this review, the recent advancements in diverse crystallographic shear structure Nb‐based oxide anodes for fast Li‐ion energy storage are comprehensively presented, with a specific focus on the relationships between the crystal structures and electronic properties, lithiation mechanisms, kinetic properties, and electrochemical performance. The challenges in the design, optimization, and practical application of oxides with crystallographic shear structures are also discussed, together with strategies to overcome these challenges and prospects for the future.
Construction of Chemical Libraries of Volatile Compounds by Combinatorial Synthesis of Homologous Mixtures: Alk‐4‐en‐1‐ols, Alk‐4‐enals and Methyl Alk‐4‐enoates
Authors: Perrin Coline , Baldovini Nicolas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA compound library of sixty six linear compounds, eleven representatives of six molecular families: (E)‐ and (Z)‐isomers of alk‐4‐en‐1‐ols, alk‐4‐enals, and methyl alk‐4‐enoates, was prepared by combinatorial syntheses to allow the creation of a mass spectral database directly usable for their identification in GC/MS analyses. We demonstrate here that compound libraries can be prepared by combinatorial syntheses using long linear synthetic sequences, i. e., eight step in the case of 4‐enals. The resulting mixtures of homologues are still perfectly exploitable to deliver the requested information such as clean mass spectra and good gas chromatographic retention indices.
Anodic Etching of Amorphous Ni81P19 Alloy in Hot Concentrated Chloride Solution for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution in Alkaline Water Electrolysis
Authors: Flis‐Kabulska Iwona , Flis Janusz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHighly active and easily available electrocatalysts are of great importance for a wider use of water electrolysis for hydrogen production. Herein, electroactivity toward hydrogen evolution reaction was examined in 1.0 M KOH on commercial Ni81P19 (MBF‐60) and Ni70Cr6Fe2B14Si8 (MBF‐20A) amorphous alloys and for comparison on Ni, untreated and modified by anodic etching in hot concentrated NaCl solutions. This treatment increased the electroactivity of all the materials, but especially of Ni81P19 and particularly of matte side of its ribbons, decreasing overpotential at −10 mA cm−2 to −0.14 V. XRD, SEM/EDS and XPS studies were carried out. EIS measurements indicated that the rise of hydrogen evolution after etching was related mainly to the increase of surface area, and only slightly to the rise of intrinsic electroactivity, probably being due to the formation of NiO. It is proposed that etched Ni81P19 might be an efficient cathode for hydrogen production by water electrolysis.
Dual atomic catalysts from COF‐derived carbon for CO2RR by suppressing HER through synergistic effects
Authors: Liu Minghao , Liu Sijia , Xu Qing , Miao Qiyang , Yang Shuai , Hanson Svenja , Chen George Zheng , He Jun , Jiang Zheng , Zeng Gaofeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) for high‐value‐added products is a promising strategy to tackle excessive CO2 emissions. However, the activity of and selectivity for catalysts for CO2RR still need to be improved because of the competing reaction (hydrogen evolution reaction). In this study, for the first time, we have demonstrated dual atomic catalytic sites for CO2RR from a core–shell hybrid of the covalent–organic framework and the metal–organic framework. Due to abundant dual atomic sites (with CoN4O and ZnN4 of 2.47 and 11.05 wt.%, respectively) on hollow carbon, the catalyst promoted catalysis of CO2RR, with the highest Faradic efficiency for CO of 92.6% at –0.8 V and a turnover frequency value of 1370.24 h–1 at –1.0 V. More importantly, the activity and selectivity of the catalyst were well retained for 30 h. The theoretical calculation further revealed that CoN4O was the main site for CO2RR, and the activity of and selectivity for Zn sites were also improved because of the synergetic roles.
Silver‐Nanoparticle‐Embedded Short Amphiphilic Peptide Nanostructures and Their Plausible Application to Reduce Bacterial Infections
Authors: Kumar Tripathi Satyendra , Kesharwani Khushboo , Saxena Deepanshi , Singh Ramesh , Kautu Aanand , Sharma Shruti , Pandey Archna , Chopra Sidharth , Ballabh Joshi Khashti 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe microbiota‐gut‐brain axis (GBA) plays a critical role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome causes a significant alteration in the gut microbiota of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, followed by neuroinflammatory processes. Thus, AD beginning in the gut is closely related to an imbalance in gut microbiota, and hence a multidomain approach to reduce this imbalance by exerting positive effects on the gut microbiota is needed. In one example, a tyrosine‐based short peptide amphiphile (sPA) was used to synthesize antibacterial AgNPs−sPA nanostructures. Such nanostructures showed high biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, and therefore work as model drug delivery agents for addressing local bacterial infections. These may have therapeutic value for the treatment of microbiota‐triggered progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
Monosynaptic restriction of the anterograde herpes simplex virus strain H129 for neural circuit tracing
Authors: Fischer Kyle B. , Collins Hannah K. , Pang Yan , Roy Dheeraj S. , Zhang Ying , Feng Guoping , Li Shu‐Jing , Kepecs Adam , Callaway Edward M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIdentification of synaptic partners is a fundamental task for systems neuroscience. To date, few reliable techniques exist for whole brain labeling of downstream synaptic partners in a cell‐type‐dependent and monosynaptic manner. Herein, we describe a novel monosynaptic anterograde tracing system based on the deletion of the gene UL6 from the genome of a cre‐dependent version of the anterograde Herpes Simplex Virus 1 strain H129. Given that this knockout blocks viral genome packaging and thus viral spread, we reasoned that co‐infection of a HSV H129 ΔUL6 virus with a recombinant adeno‐associated virus expressing UL6 in a cre‐dependent manner would result in monosynaptic spread from target cre‐expressing neuronal populations. Application of this system to five nonreciprocal neural circuits resulted in labeling of neurons in expected projection areas. While some caveats may preclude certain applications, this system provides a reliable method to label postsynaptic partners in a brain‐wide fashion.
Trunk muscle forces and spinal loads during heavy deadlift: Effects of personalization, muscle wrapping, muscle lever arm, and lumbopelvic rhythm
Authors: Ramirez Vanessa , Ghezelbash Farshid , Shirazi‐Adl Aboulfazl , Bazrgari Babak 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHeavy deadlift is used as a physical fitness screening tool in the U.S. Army. Despite the relevance of such a screening tool to military tasks performed by Service Members, the biomechanical impact of heavy deadlift and its risk of low‐back injury remain unknown. A kinematics‐driven musculoskeletal model of spine was implemented to investigate biomechanics of the lower back in a volunteer (23 years old, height of 1.82 m, and body mass of 98.8 kg) during a 68 kg deadlift. In search of protective mechanisms, effects of model personalization and variations in trunk musculature and lumbopelvic rhythm were also investigated. The net moment, compression and shear forces at the L5‐S1 reached peaks of 684 Nm, 17.2 and 4.2 kN, respectively. Geometrical personalization and changes in lumbopelvic rhythm had the least effects on predictions while increases in muscle moment arms (40%) had the largest effects that caused, respectively, 32% and 36% decrease in the maximum compressive and shearing forces. Initiating wrapping of back muscles at farther distances from the spine had opposing effects on spinal loads; peak compression at the L5‐S1 decreased by 12% whereas shear increased by 19%. Despite mechanisms considered, spinal loads during heavy deadlift exceed the existing evidence concerning the threshold of injury for spinal segments, suggesting the vulnerability to injury. Chronic exposure to such high‐spinal loads may lead to (micro) fractures, degeneration, pathoanatomical changes and finally low‐back pain.
Technological advancements in cancer diagnostics: Improvements and limitations
Authors: Pulumati Akhil , Pulumati Anika , Dwarakanath Bilikere S. , Verma Amit , Papineni Rao V. L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer is characterized by the rampant proliferation, growth, and infiltration of malignantly transformed cancer cells past their normal boundaries into adjacent tissues. It is the leading cause of death worldwide, responsible for approximately 19.3 million new diagnoses and 10 million deaths globally in 2020. In the United States alone, the estimated number of new diagnoses and deaths is 1.9 million and 609 360, respectively. Implementation of currently existing cancer diagnostic techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET), X‐ray computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and molecular diagnostic techniques, have enabled early detection rates and are instrumental not only for the therapeutic management of cancer patients, but also for early detection of the cancer itself. The effectiveness of these cancer screening programs are heavily dependent on the rate of accurate precursor lesion identification; an increased rate of identification allows for earlier onset treatment, thus decreasing the incidence of invasive cancer in the long‐term, and improving the overall prognosis. Although these diagnostic techniques are advantageous due to lack of invasiveness and easier accessibility within the clinical setting, several limitations such as optimal target definition, high signal to background ratio and associated artifacts hinder the accurate diagnosis of specific types of deep‐seated tumors, besides associated high cost. In this review we discuss various imaging, molecular, and low‐cost diagnostic tools and related technological advancements, to provide a better understanding of cancer diagnostics, unraveling new opportunities for effective management of cancer, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs).Recent FindingsHerein we discuss various technological advancements that are being utilized to construct an assortment of new diagnostic techniques that incorporate hardware, image reconstruction software, imaging devices, biomarkers, and even artificial intelligence algorithms, thereby providing a reliable diagnosis and analysis of the tumor. Also, we provide a brief account of alternative low cost‐effective cancer therapy devices (CryoPop®, LumaGEM®, MarginProbe®) and picture archiving and communication systems (PACS), emphasizing the need for multi‐disciplinary collaboration among radiologists, pathologists, and other involved specialties for improving cancer diagnostics.ConclusionRevolutionary technological advancements in cancer imaging and molecular biology techniques are indispensable for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.
Clinimetric properties of the diagnostic criteria for psychosomatic research among the elderly
Authors: Romaniello Caterina , Romanazzo Sara , Cosci Fiammetta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionAmong the elderly, the availability of tool assessing psychosomatic syndromes is limited. The present study aims at testing inter‐rater reliability and concurrent validity of the semi‐structured interview for the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research (DCPR‐R‐SSI) in the elderly of the general population.MethodOne hundred eight subjects were recruited. Participants received a clinical assessment which included the DCPR‐R‐SSI, the Illness Attitude Scale (IAS), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), the Psychosocial Index (PSI), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale‐20 (TAS‐20). Analyses of inter‐rater reliability of DCPR‐R‐SSI and concurrent validity between DCPR‐R‐SSI and self‐administered questionnaires were conducted.ResultsDCPR‐R‐SSI showed excellent inter‐rater reliability with a percent of agreement of 90.7% (K Cohen: 0.856 [SE = 0.043], 95% CI: 0.77–0.94). DCPR‐R demoralization showed fair concurrent validity with GDS; concurrent validity was also fair between DCPR‐R Alexithymia and TAS‐20, and between DCPR‐R allostatic overload and PSI allostatic load, while the concurrent validity between DCPR‐R Disease Phobia and IAS was moderate.ConclusionDCPR‐R‐SSI represents a reliable and valid tool to assess psychosomatic syndromes in the elderly. DCPR‐R is in need of being implemented in the elderly clinical evaluation.
Multistate Pharmacometric Model to Define the Impact of Second‐Line Immunotherapies on the Survival Outcome of the IMpower131 Study
Authors: Krishnan Sreenath M. , Friberg Lena E. , Mercier François , Zhang Rong , Wu Ben , Jin Jin Y. , Hoang Tien , Ballinger Marcus , Bruno René , Karlsson Mats O. 
Published: January 2023

Overall survival is defined as the time since randomization into the clinical trial to event of death or censor (end of trial or follow‐up), and is considered to be the most reliable cancer end point. However, the introduction of second‐line treatment after disease progression could influence survival and be considered a confounding factor. The aim of the current study was to set up a multistate model framework, using data from the IMpower131 study, to investigate the influence of second‐line immunotherapies on overall survival analysis. The model adequately described the transitions between different states in patients with advanced squamous non‐small cell lung cancer treated with or without atezolizumab plus nab‐paclitaxel and carboplatin, and characterized the survival data. High PD‐L1 expression at baseline was associated with a decreased hazard of progression, while the presence of liver metastasis at baseline was indicative of a high risk of disease progression after initial response. The hazard of death after progression was lower for participants who had longer treatment response, i.e., longer time to progression. The simulations based on the final multistate model showed that the addition of atezolizumab to the nab‐paclitaxel and carboplatin regimen had significant improvement in the patients' survival (hazard ratio = 0.75, 95% prediction interval: 0.61–0.90 favoring the atezolizumab + nab‐paclitaxel and carboplatin arm). The developed modeling approach can be applied to other cancer types and therapies to provide a better understanding of efficacy of drug and characterizing different states, and investigate the benefit of primary therapy in survival while accounting for the switch to alternative treatment in the case of disease progression.
The role of landscape in shaping bird community and implications for landscape management at Nanjing Lukou International Airport
Authors: Yuan Sijia , Miao Keer , Qian Ruen , Zhao Yang , Hu Dongfang , Hu Chaochao , Chang Qing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the patterns of bird diversity and its driving force is necessary for bird strike prevention. In this study, we investigated the effects of landscape on phylogenetic and functional diversity of bird communities at Nanjing Lukou International Airport (NLIA). Bird identifications and counting of individuals were carried out from November 2017 to October 2019. Based on the land‐cover data, the landscape was divided into four main types, including farmlands, woodlands, wetlands, and urban areas. Bird phylogenetic and functional diversity were strongly affected by landscape matrix types. Species richness and Faith's phylogenetic distance were highest in woodlands, while mean pairwise distance (MPD), mean nearest‐taxon distance (MNTD), and functional dispersion (FDis) were highest in wetlands. Based on the feeding behavior, carnivorous birds had the lowest species richness but had the highest FDis, which implied that carnivorous birds occupied most niches at the NLIA. Moreover, bird assemblages exhibited phylogenetic and functional clustering in the four kinds of landscapes. A variety of landscape attributes had significant effects on species diversity, phylogenetic and functional diversity. Landscape‐scale factors played an important role in the shaping of bird communities around NLIA. Our results suggest that landscape management surrounding airports can provide new approaches for policymakers to mitigate wildlife strikes.
Odontocete spatial patterns and temporal drivers of detection at sites in the Hawaiian islands
Authors: Ziegenhorn Morgan A. , Hildebrand John A. , Oleson Erin M. , Baird Robin W. , Wiggins Sean M. , Baumann‐Pickering Simone 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSuccessful conservation and management of marine top predators rely on detailed documentation of spatiotemporal behavior. For cetacean species, this information is key to defining stocks, habitat use, and mitigating harmful interactions. Research focused on this goal is employing methodologies such as visual observations, tag data, and passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) data. However, many studies are temporally limited or focus on only one or few species. In this study, we make use of an existing long‐term (2009–2019), labeled PAM data set to examine spatiotemporal patterning of at least 10 odontocete (toothed whale) species in the Hawaiian Islands using compositional analyses and modeling techniques. Species composition differs among considered sites, and this difference is robust to seasonal movement patterns. Temporally, hour of day was the most significant predictor of detection across species and sites, followed by season, though patterns differed among species. We describe long‐term trends in species detection at one site and note that they are markedly similar for many species. These trends may be related to long‐term, underlying oceanographic cycles that will be the focus of future study. We demonstrate the variability of temporal patterns even at relatively close sites, which may imply that wide‐ranging models of species presence are missing key fine‐scale movement patterns. Documented seasonal differences in detection also highlights the importance of considering season in survey design both regionally and elsewhere. We emphasize the utility of long‐term, continuous monitoring in highlighting temporal patterns that may relate to underlying climatic states and help us predict responses to climate change. We conclude that long‐term PAM records are a valuable resource for documenting spatiotemporal patterns and can contribute many insights into the lives of top predators, even in highly studied regions such as the Hawaiian Islands.