bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electron Emission From Diamond Films Irradiated By XeCl and KrCl Lasers
Authors: Beloglazov A. , Karabutov A. , Konov V I. , Nassisi V. , Pimenov S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A number of diamond films, 0.2 to 4 microns thick, have been grown on Si and Mo substrates by the well-established arc-discharge plasma chemical vapour deposition procedure The photoemission properties of the films were studied according to the technique developed previously for investigations of metal photocathodes. The samples placed in 10-6 Torr vacuum were illuminated by a softly focused either XeCl or KrCl excimer laser beam of 4.02 and 5.6 eV photon energies, respectively. These values are smaller and larger than the gap value of a natural diamond (5.5 eV).
High-resolution spatiotemporal changes in dominant frequency and structural organization during persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Pong Terrence , Aparicio-Valenzuela Joy , Obafemi Oluwatomisin , Cyr Kevin , Carlton Cody , Taylor Calvin , Lee Anson 
Published: February 2023

Objective
Analyze changes in frequency activity and structural organization that occur over time with persistent atrial fibrillation (AF)

Background
Little is known about the frequency characteristics of the epicardium during transition from paroxysmal to persistent AF. Accurate identification of areas of high dominant frequency (DF) is often hampered by limited spatial resolution. Improvements in electrode arrays provide high spatiotemporal resolution, allowing for characterization of the changes that occur during this transition.

Methods
AF was induced in adult Yorkshire swine by atrial tachypacing. DF mapping was performed using personalized mapping arrays. Histological analysis and late gadolinium enhanced magnetic resonance imaging were performed to determine structural differences in fibrosis.

Results
The left atrial epicardium was associated with a significant increase in DF in persistent AF (6.5 ± 0.2 vs. 7.4 ± 0.5 Hz, P = 0.03). The organization index (OI) significantly decreased during persistent AF in both the left atria (0.3 ± 0.03 vs. 0.2 ± 0.03, P = 0.01) and right atria (0.33 ± 0.04 vs. 0.23 ± 0.02, P = 0.02). MRI analysis demonstrated increased ECV values in persistent AF (0.19 vs 0.34, paroxysmal vs persistent, P = 0.05). Tissue sections from the atria showed increase in fibrosis in pigs with persistent AF compared to paroxysmal AF. Staining demonstrated decreased myocardial fiber alignment and loss of anisotropy in persistent AF tissue.

Conclusions
Changes in tissue organization and fibrosis are observed in the porcine model of persistent AF. Alterations in frequency activity and organization index can be captured with high resolution using flexible electrode arrays.
The prevalence of metabolic conditions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and its association with health and sociodemographic factors
Authors: Mamudu Hadii M. , Adzrago David , Odame Emmanuel O. , Dada Oluwabunmi , Nriagu Valentine , Paul Trishita , Weierbach Florence W. , Dowling-McClay Karilynn , Stewart David W. , Adams Jessica , Paul Timir K. 
Published: February 2023

Background
There is a dearth of evidence on the relationship between COVID-19 and metabolic conditions among the general U.S. population. We examined the prevalence and association of metabolic conditions with health and sociodemographic factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Data were drawn from the 2019 (N = 5,359) and 2020 (N = 3,830) Health Information National Trends Surveys on adults to compare observations before (2019) and during (2020) the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted weighted descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses to assess the study objective.

Results
During the pandemic, compared to pre-pandemic, the prevalence of diabetes (18.10% vs. 17.28%) has increased, while the prevalence of hypertension (36.38% vs. 36.36%) and obesity (34.68% vs. 34.18%) has remained similar. In general, the prevalence of metabolic conditions was higher during the pandemic (56.09%) compared to pre-pandemic (54.96%). Compared to never smokers, former smokers had higher odds of metabolic conditions (AOR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.87 and AOR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.10, 2.25) before and during the pandemic, respectively. People with mild anxiety/depression symptoms (before: AOR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.06, 2.19 and during: AOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.01, 2.38) had higher odds of metabolic conditions relative to those with no anxiety/depression symptoms.

Conclusion
This study found increased odds of metabolic conditions among certain subgroups of US adults during the pandemic. We recommend further studies and proper allocation of public health resources to address these conditions.
Patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms have reduced levels of microRNA 122-5p in circulating exosomes
Authors: Lopez Jose L. , Ramirez Joel L. , Phu Tuan Anh , Duong Phat , Bouchareychas Laura , Kuhrau Christina R. , Lin Pei-Yu , Eckalbar Walter L. , Barczak Andrea J. , Rudolph Joshua D. , Maliskova Lenka , Conte Michael S. , Vartanian Shant M. , Raffai Robert L. , Oskowitz Adam Z. 
Published: February 2023

Objective
There are currently no specific biomarkers to identify patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Circulating exosomes contain microRNAs (miRNA) that are potential biomarkers for the presence of disease. This study aimed to characterize the exosomal miRNA expression profile of patients with AAAs in order to identify novel biomarkers of disease.

Methods
Patients undergoing duplex ultrasound (US) or computed tomography (CT) for screening or surveillance of an AAA were screened to participate in the study. Cases with AAA were defined as having a max aortic diameter >3 cm. Circulating plasma exosomes were isolated using Cushioned-Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation and total RNA was extracted. Next Generation Sequencing was performed on the Illumina HiSeq4000 SE50. Differential miRNA expression analysis was performed using DESeq2 software with a Benjamini-Hochberg correction. MicroRNA expression profiles were validated by Quantitative Real-Time PCR.

Results
A total of 109 patients were screened to participate in the study. Eleven patients with AAA and 15 non-aneurysmal controls met study criteria and were enrolled. Ultrasound measured aortic diameter was significantly larger in the AAA group (mean maximum diameter 4.3 vs 2.0 cm, P = 6.45x10-6). More AAA patients had coronary artery disease (5/11 vs 1/15, P = 0.05) as compared to controls, but the groups did not differ significantly in the rates of peripheral arterial disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A total of 40 miRNAs were differentially expressed (P<0.05). Of these, 18 miRNAs were downregulated and 22 were upregulated in the AAA group compared to controls. After false discovery rate (FDR) adjustment, only miR-122-5p was expressed at significantly different levels in the AAA group compared to controls (fold change = 5.03 controls vs AAA; raw P = 1.8x10-5; FDR P = 0.02).

Conclusion
Plasma exosomes from AAA patients have significantly reduced levels of miRNA-122-5p compared to controls. This is a novel exosome-associated miRNA that warrants further investigation to determine its use as a diagnostic biomarker and potential implications in AAA pathogenesis.
Mental health, cancer risk, and the mediating role of lifestyle factors in the CARTaGENE cohort study
Authors: Gilham Kaitlyn , Gadermann Anne , Dummer Trevor , Murphy Rachel A. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Evidence on the association between mental health disorders and cancer risk is inconclusive, despite well-established associations between mental health disorders and lifestyle factors such as smoking. This study examines the relationships between depression, anxiety and cancer risk, and the potential mediating effects of lifestyle factors.

Methods
A study of 34,571 participants aged 40–69 years in the CARTaGENE cohort was conducted. Depression was defined by questionnaire (PHQ-9), antidepressant use, and a composite of questionnaire, antidepressant use, or lifetime self-reported physician diagnosis. Anxiety was defined by questionnaire (GAD-7). Co-morbid depression and anxiety was also assessed. Cox regression models were used to investigate associations between mental health and risk of prostate, lung, and all cancers combined. Mediating effects of lifestyle factors were assessed using Baron and Kenny mediation criteria.

Results
There were positive associations between mental health disorders, all cancers and lung cancer risk, however with the exception of anxiety and lung cancer in women (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.01–2.76), associations were attenuated with adjustment for sociodemographics, health status and lifestyle factors. In the mediation analysis, smoking accounted for 27%, 18%, and 26%, of the total effect between depression (PHQ-9), anxiety, and co-morbidity and lung cancer, respectively in women. In men, smoking accounted for 17% of the total effect between depression (PHQ-9, antidepressant, or lifetime self-report of physician diagnosis) and all cancers.

Conclusions
Positive associations were observed between mental health disorders, all cancer and lung cancer risk, however most relationships were attenuated with adjustment for lifestyle factors. Smoking status mediated a significant proportion of the relationships between mental health disorders and cancer risk.
L'analyse en ondelettes
Authors: Antoine Jean-Pierre 
Published: February 2023

Cet article est une introduction relativement élémentaire à la théorie des ondelettes. Après une introduction consacrée au traitement numérique des signaux et des images, on étudie successivement la transformée en ondelettes (TO) continue et la TO discrète en dimension 1, ensuite on décrit brièvement quelques applications, jusqu’à la découverte récente des ondes gravitationnelles. On passe ensuite à la TO en dimension 2, continue et discrète, et on mentionne quelques applications et diverses généralisations. Le papier se termine par quelques remarques historiques et bibliographiques. À noter qu’il s’agit ici d’une mise à jour de l’article, portant le même titre, publié dans la Revue des Questions Scientifiques (Antoine, 2007). Voir en particulier les Sections 5.1, 7.1 et 9.
* * *
The present article is a relatively elementary introduction to wavelet theory. After an introduction devoted to the digital analysis of signals and images, we study successively the continuous wavelet transform (WT) and the discrete WT in dimension 1. Then we describe briefly some applications, up to the recent discovery of gravitational waves. Next we switch to the two-dimensional WT, both continuous and discrete, and we list a few applications and generalizations. Finally we conclude with some historical and bibliographical remarks. Actually, this is an update of the article, with the same title, published in the Revue des Questions Scientifiques (Antoine, 2007). See, in particular, Sections 5.1, 7.1 et 9.
Compte rendu de Jean C. Baudet : «Histoire de la chimie»
Authors: Mahieu Bernard , Van Tiggelen Brigitte 
Published: February 2023

Baudet (Jean C.), Histoire de la chimie. – Louvain-la-Neuve : De Boeck Supérieur, 2017. – viii, 354 p. – 1 vol. broché de 17 × 24 cm. – 32,00 €. – isbn 978-2-8073-0692-9.
Compte rendu de Joshua M. Moritz : «The role of theology in the history and philosophy of science»
Authors: Lambert Dominique 
Published: February 2023

Moritz (Joshua M.), The role of theology in the history and philosophy of science. – Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2017. – 105 p. – (Theology). – 1 vol. électronique. – 70,00 €. – isbn 978-90-04-36022-8.
Compte rendu de Nicolas Beck : «En finir avec les idées reçues sur la vulgarisation scientifique»
Authors: Buisseret Fabien 
Published: February 2023

Beck (Nicolas), En finir avec les idées reçues sur la vulgarisation scientifique / [préface de Mathieu Vidard]. – Versailles : Éditions Quæ, 2017. – 167 p. – 1 vol. broché de 12 × 19 cm. – 19,90 €. – isbn 978-2-7592-2684-9.
Compte rendu de Gilles Bœuf, Bernard Swynghedauw & Jean-François Toussaint (coordinateurs) : «L’homme peut-il accepter ses limites ?»
Authors: Crucifix Michel 
Published: February 2023

L’homme peut-il accepter ses limites ? / coordonné par Gilles Bœuf, Bernard Swynghedauw et Jean-François Toussaint ; préface de Ségolène Royal. – Ver­sailles : Éditions Quæ, 2017. – 192 p. – 1 vol. broché de 16 × 24 cm. – 24,50 €. – isbn 978-2-7592-2696-2.
Soleil au cinquième concile du Latran (1512-1516)
Authors: Mehl Édouard 
Published: February 2023

Quel type d’interaction a pu exister entre l’essor de l’astronomie copernicienne et les travaux astronomiques contemporains sur la réforme du calendrier (1514-1516) ? Rien n’attestant que Copernic ait réellement pris part aux travaux conciliaires, la tentation a été forte, chez les historiens des sciences, d’en conclure qu’il n’avait pour ces questions qu’un intérêt très distant, ou à la rigueur tactique. Cet article prend au contraire très au sérieux l’objection selon laquelle cette réforme nécessiterait une mesure précise de la « quantité de l’année », et souligne le rôle central du travail accompli par Copernic dans ce domaine, entre 1515 et 1524, avec sa théorie très originale du cycle de l’anomalie de la précession des équinoxes, constituant toute la matière du livre III du De Revolutionibus (1543).
* * *
What kind of interaction could have existed between the rise of Copernican astronomy and contemporary astronomical works leading up to the reform of this calendar (1514-1516)? Since there was nothing stating that Copernicus had indeed taken part in the work of the Council, there was great temptation on the part of scientific historians to conclude that his interest in such questions was very remote, or at most, tactical. This article, however, takes the objection that this reform would require an accurate measure of the “quantity of the year” very seriously, and emphasises the pivotal role of the work accomplished by Copernicus in this domain, between 1515 and 1524, through his highly original theory pertaining to the anomaly of the precession of the equinoxes cycle, constituting all of the material in Book III of De Revolutionibus (1543).
soleils et leurs observateurs au XVIIe siècle
Authors: Špelda Daniel , Madl Claire 
Published: February 2023

Dans mon article, je tente de présenter le processus d’identification du Soleil avec les étoiles et ses conséquences pour la cosmologie et l’anthropologie du XVIIe siècle. Dans la première partie, j’imagine comment l’idée selon laquelle les étoiles lointaines représentent des objets semblables à notre Soleil s’est répandue parmi les partisans du géocentrisme et de l’héliocentrisme. Les représentants de la cosmologie de l’époque ont longtemps douté quant à la manière dont ils devaient comprendre la nature du soleil et, surtout, sa fonction dans le système solaire. Ce problème a été définitivement résolu par le concept de force gravitationnelle de Newton. Un problème majeur de la cosmologie du XVIIe siècle était l’estimation de la distance entre le soleil et les étoiles. En cent ans, la distance des étoiles a été multipliée par un million. Dans la deuxième partie de l’article, j’essaie de décrire les conséquences anthropologiques de ces changements. Avant tout, je décris comment l’idée ancienne de contemplator coeli a été abandonnée et remplacée par un point de vue scientifique d’apparence moderne qui explore sans crainte l’univers infini. Celui-ci trouve son soutien non pas dans l’anthropocentrisme naïf, mais dans la fierté de la réussite du progrès scientifique.
* * *
In the present article, I endeavour to introduce the process of identifying the Sun and the stars, as well as its consequences for 17th century cosmology and anthropology. In the first part of the paper, I explore how the idea that distant stars constitute objects akin to our Sun was disseminated among the proponents of geocentrism and heliocentrism. The advocates of contemporary cosmology had long been unsure of how they should go about understanding the nature of the Sun and, above all, its function within the solar system. This problem was definitively resolved by Newton’s theory of gravity. A major issue of 17th century cosmology was estimating the distance between the sun and the stars. Over a period of one hundred years, the distance of the stars was multiplied by one million. In the second part of the article, I aim to illustrate the anthropological consequences of these changes. In particular, I describe how the ancient notion of the contemplator caeli was abandoned and replaced by a more modern scientific point of view that fearlessly explores the infinite universe. One that is spurred on, not by naive anthropocentrism, but by taking pride in the successes of scientific progress.
procès de Galilée
Authors: Finocchiaro Maurice A. 
Published: February 2023

Cet essai traite du procès de Galilée en esquissant un récit historique de ses faits clés et en proposant une analyse philosophique de ses principaux enjeux de méthodologie scientifique. Le récit aborde le conflit (de 1610 à 1633) qui opposa Galilée à l’Église catholique relatif à l’hypothèse de Copernic sur le mouvement de la Terre, et aussi quant au principe méthodologique qui postule que la Bible n’a pas autorité pour trancher des questions de science naturelle. Il implique également la controverse qui en découla et qui est toujours d’actualité quant aux causes, aux enseignements et à la justice du procès. L’un des enjeux fondamentaux est de savoir si le procès de Galilée démontre l’incompatibilité entre la science et la religion. Un autre enjeu central est de déterminer quels enseignements peuvent être tirés de Galilée en matière de rationalité, de méthode scientifique et de pensée critique. J’adopte ici une approche inspirée de Galilée, dans le sens où mon récit et mon analyse tentent d’appliquer les principes méthodologiques qu’il enseigna et mit en pratique au cours de son propre combat.
* * *
This essay discusses the trial of Galileo by sketching a historical account of its key facts and a philosophical analysis of its main scientific-methodological issues. The story involves the conflict (from 1610 to 1633) between Galileo and the Catholic Church over Copernicus’s hypothesis of the earth’s motion, and over the methodological principle that the Bible is not an authority on questions of natural science. The story also involves the subsequent and still ongoing controversy over the causes, lessons, and justice of the trial. One key issue is whether Galileo’s trial proves the incompatibility between science and religion. Another central issue is what can be learned from Galileo about rationality, scientific method, and critical thinking. I follow an approach inspired by Galileo, in the sense that my story and my analysis attempt to apply the methodological principles which he preached and practiced in his own struggle.
Philosophie, connaissance et nouvelle histoire des sciences
Authors: Fortino Mirella 
Published: February 2023

Expression de l’esprit positiviste, la pensée du philosophe et historien des sciences Abel Rey est caractérisée par « l’affirmation philosophique de l’histoire des sciences ». L’histoire des sciences, selon Rey, n’est pas érudition, ni histoire événementielle, mais philosophie. Bien loin de réduire toutefois la philosophie à la science, il s’agit, selon la nouvelle perspective critique de Rey, de considérer que « la théorie de la connaissance ne peut sortir que de son histoire ». Dans cet article, nous aimerions souligner que la liaison étroite, que Rey a défendu, entre la philosophie et l’histoire des sciences comme histoire de la raison humaine et fait de civilisation promeut une valeur pédagogique et se traduit, donc, en humanisme.
* * *
As an expression of the positivist spirit, the thinking of the philosopher and science historian, Abel Rey, is characterized by “the philosophical affirmation of the history of science”. The history of science, according to Rey, does not stem from erudition, nor event-driven history, but from philosophy. Far from reducing philosophy to science, however, according to Rey’s new critical perspective, it is a matter of considering that “the theory of knowledge can only emerge from its history”. In this article, we would like to draw attention to the fact that the strong connection, which Rey upheld, between philosophy and the history of science as the history of human reason and a result of civilization, promotes pedagogical value and thus translates into humanism.
Constitution des connaissances scientifiques et didactiques
Authors: Dhombres Jean 
Published: February 2023

Analyse critique de :
Épistémologie & didactique : synthèses et études de cas en mathématiques et en sciences expérimentales / coordonné par Manuel Bächtold, Viviane Durand-Guerrier, Valérie Munier. – Besançon : Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté, 2017. – 268 p. – (Didactiques). – 1 vol. broché de 16 × 22 cm. – 26.00 €. – isbn 978-2-84867-603-6.
Hoang (Lê Nguyên), La formule du savoir : une philosophie unifiée du savoir fondée sur le théorème de Bayes /préface de Gilles Dowek. – Les Ulis : EDP sciences, 2018. – 402 p. – 1 vol. broché de 16 × 24 cm. – 49.00 €. – isbn 978-2-7598-2260-7.
Sesiano (Jacques), L’arithmétique de Pamiers : traité mathématique en langue d’oc du XVe siècle. – Lausanne : Presses polytechniques et universitaires romandes, 2018. – 380 p. – 1 vol. broché de 16 × 24 cm. – 49,50 CHF. – isbn 978-2-88915-242-1.
Élias (Norbert), La dynamique sociale de la conscience : sociologie de la connaissance et des sciences / traduit de l’anglais par Marc Joly, Delphine Moraldo et Marianne Woollven et de l’allemand par Hélène Leclerc ; édition, supervision scientifique et présentation par Marc Joly ; préface de Bernard Lahire. – Paris : La Découverte, 2016. – 332 p. – (Laboratoire des sciences sociales). – 1 vol. broché de 15,5 × 24 cm. – 24,00 €. – isbn 978-2-7071-7632-5.
Compte rendu de Jean C. Baudet : «Histoire de la biologie et de la médecine»
Authors: Devos Pierre 
Published: February 2023

Baudet (Jean C.), Histoire de la biologie et de la médecine. – Louvain-la-Neuve : De Boeck Supérieur, 2018. – v, 361 p. – 1 vol. broché de 17 ×24 cm. – 29,00 €. – isbn 978-2-8073-1513-6.
Compte rendu de Mario Livio : «Fabuleuses erreurs de Darwin à Einstein»
Authors: Theys Serge 
Published: February 2023

Livio (Mario), Fabuleuses erreurs de Darwin à Einstein / traduit de l’anglais et préfacé par Jean Audouze. – Paris : CNRS éditions, 2017. – 339 p. – (Le Banquet scientifique). – 1 vol. broché de 15 × 23 cm. – 23,00 €. – isbn 978-2-271-09401-8.
Compte rendu de Rob Iliffe : «Priest of Nature : the Religious Worlds of Isaac Newton»
Authors: Joalland Michael 
Published: February 2023

Iliffe (Rob), Priest of Nature : The Religious Worlds of Isaac Newton. – Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2017. – 522 p. – 1 vol. broché de 24 × 16,5 cm. – 26,00 €. – isbn 978-0-19-999535-6.