bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal interventions of infectious disease
Authors: Sun Xu , Liu Yunan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe recent outbreak of novel coronavirus has highlighted the need for a benefit‐cost framework to guide unconventional public health interventions aimed at reducing close contact between infected and susceptible individuals. In this paper, we propose an optimal control problem for an infectious disease model, wherein the social planner can control the transmission rate by implementing or lifting lockdown measures. The objective is to minimize total costs, which comprise infection costs, as well as fixed and variable costs associated with lockdown measures. We establish conditions concerning model primitives that guarantee the existence of a straightforward optimal policy. The policy specifies two switching points , whereby the social planner institutes a lockdown when the percentage of infected individuals exceeds , and reopens the economy when the percentage of infected individuals drops below . We subsequently extend the model to cases where the social planner may implement multiple lockdown levels. Finally, numerical studies are conducted to gain additional insights into the value of these controls.
Additional preparation program for bariatric surgery: Two‐year results of a large cohort study
Authors: Lodewijks Yentl , Luyer Misha , van Montfort Gust , de Zoete Jean‐Paul , Smulders Frans , Nienhuijs Simon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultidisciplinary screening of bariatric surgery candidates is recommended, and some centers provide an additional preparation program (APP) to optimize patients preoperatively.ObjectiveTo compare patients with APP to standard care 2 years after primary bariatric surgery regarding postoperative weight loss and resolution of obesity‐related comorbidities.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted for patients undergoing primary Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy between September 2017 and March 2019. The first 12 months patients received an APP, after September 2018, the APP was no longer part of the weight loss trajectory. A multivariable linear regression model was built.ResultsOf the 384 patients receiving an APP advice, 50 were lost to follow up. In total, 192 (57%) received the APP and 142 (43%) received standard care. Percentage total weight loss after 2 years was significantly different, 28.8% for the APP group versus 32% for the standard group (p = 0.001). Postoperative weight loss after 2 years was increased in patients who had a gastric bypass, a higher baseline body mass index, and female gender in multivariable analysis. An APP was predictive for decreased postoperative weight. Diabetes mellitus was in remission significantly more often in the preparation group (84.1% of the cases) compared with the standard group (61.9%, p = 0.028).ConclusionA weight loss trajectory is at least as effective without additional preparation in terms of 2 years postoperative %TWL for primary gastric bypass and sleeve procedures. For comorbidities, diabetes mellitus was in remission more often in the APP group.
Dimensionally stable, flame‐retardant, and leach‐resistant furfurylated wood prepared by incorporating ammonium polyphosphate and nano‐silica
Authors: Yi Xueer , Cao Shuqi , Hao Xiaohan , Wang Zhinan , Huang Yishuai , Li Liping , Guo Chuigen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFast‐growing plantation typically has some undesirable inherent qualities that restrict their use as engineering materials, such as dimensional instability, poor mechanical strength, and flammability (Sangregorio et al., Green Chem, 2020, 22, 2786–2798; Zhang et al., Fire Saf J, 2021, 121, 103297). In this study, a simple and environmentally friendly method was applied to improve low‐quality poplar wood by building an organic–inorganic hybrid system with a combination of biomass‐derived furfuryl alcohol (FA), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and nano‐silica (nano‐SiO2). Different amounts of APP and nano‐SiO2 were mixed with a FA water solution, impregnated into the poplar wood followed by curing at 103°C to induce in situ polymerization of furfurylated wood (FW). The results showed that the FW/APP/SiO2 had strong self‐extinguishing properties, and passed the UL‐94 V‐0 rating with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value as high as 49.5%. Results from cone calorimetry and thermogravimetry suggested that APP and nano‐SiO2 could have a synergistic effect, which successfully inhibited heat transfer and suppressed the smoke emission during its combustion by promoting char formation. Scanning electron microscopy shows that FA, APP, and nano‐SiO2 can basically penetrate into the cell wall and modify the wood fundamentally. FW/APP/SiO2 also enhanced the phosphorus fixation in the wood and greatly reduced its leaching into water, indicating it has long‐term fire resistance in service.
Imaging of pediatric abdominal soft tissue tumors: A COG Diagnostic Imaging Committee/SPR Oncology Committee White Paper
Authors: Srinivasan Abhay , Parikh Ashishkumar , Pace Erika , Schechter Ann , Tang Elizabeth , Servaes Sabah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper provides imaging recommendations for pediatric abdominal tumors that arise outside of the solid viscera. These tumors are rare in children and have been categorized in two groups: abdominal wall and peritoneal tumors (desmoid tumor and desmoplastic small round cell tumor) and tumors that arise from the gastrointestinal tract (gastrointestinal stromal tumor and gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumor). Authors offer consensus recommendations for imaging assessment of these tumors at diagnosis, during follow‐up, and when off‐therapy.
Germline genomic findings in children and young adults with melanocytic tumors
Authors: Nagel Margaret B. , Perrino Melissa R. , Nuccio Regina , Blake Alise K. , Harrison Lynn , Nichols Kim E. , Pappo Alberto S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this retrospective study, we examined the prevalence and spectrum of germline variants in selected cancer predisposition genes in 38 children and young adults with melanocytic lesions at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. Diagnoses included malignant melanoma (n = 16; 42%), spitzoid melanoma (n = 16; 42%), uveal melanoma (n = 5; 13%), and malignant melanoma arising in a giant congenital melanocytic nevus (n = 1; 3%). Six patients (15.8%) harbored pathogenic germline variants: one with bi‐allelic PMS2 variants, one with a heterozygous 17q21.31 deletion, and one each with a pathogenic variant in TP53, BRIP1, ATM, or AXIN2. Overall, 15.8% of patients harbored a cancer‐predisposing genetic variant.
Digital tools for assessing chronic pain in children (5–11 years): Systematic review
Authors: Brigden Amberly , Garg Megha , Deighan Mairi , Rai Manmita , Leveret Jamie , Crawley Esther 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPediatric chronic pain places a significant burden on children, their families, and healthcare services. Effective pain measurement is needed for both clinical management and research. Digital pain measurement tools have been developed for adult and adolescent populations however less is known about measurement in younger children. In this systematic review, we aimed to identify, describe, and evaluate (in terms of acceptability) digital tools for the assessment of chronic pain in children (5–11 years). We searched five databases (Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL), between January 2014 and January 2022. We included empirical studies which included digital tool/s to assess pain in children aged between 5–11 years with chronic pain conditions. We independently double‐screened the papers to determine eligibility. We followed PRISMA guidelines for reporting. A total of five papers, covering four digital tools, were included. The digital tools used ranged from a static online survey to a highly interactive, personalized tablet application. Two studies were cross‐sectional and two collected longitudinal pain data via electronic devices outside the clinical setting. Digital features of the tools included: dynamic testing (n = 2), notifications/prompts (n = 1), data transmission (n = 1), remote monitoring (n = 1), accessibility (n = 1), data visualization/feedback (n = 1), personalization/customization (n = 1), gamification (n = 1) and data labeling (n = 1). Qualitative usability data was only available for one of the tools, which indicated its acceptability and highlighted preferred features/functions by child users (creative and personalizable features, gamification features), and parental users (symptom tracking). This review has highlighted the limited number of digital assessment tools available for children with chronic pain aged 5–11. This review identified some examples of technology enabling the capture of longitudinal, repeated measurement of multiple dimensions of pain (intensity, location, quality). We suggest directions for future research.
Scalable recursive state estimation for nonlinear two‐dimensional complex networks with switching topology
Authors: Rezaei Hossein , Farnam Arash , Crevecoeur Guillaume 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThis paper investigates a scalable recursive state estimation method for nonlinear two‐dimensional (2‐D) stochastic complex networks. In these networks, the switching topology is modelled by random variables generated by the Bernoulli distribution. Considering the Extended Kalman Filter structure, we employ the Taylor series expansion to handle the nonlinear functions in the model. Hence, high‐order terms emerging in the linearization process are modelled by norm‐bounded parameter uncertainties. Due to the uncertainty of such a system, we obtain an upper bound for the estimation error covariance. Furthermore, we obtain an upper bound for the cross covariance to reduce the proposed filter's computational complexity and improve scalability. Within the established setting, next, the proposed filter is designed in such a way that the presented upper bounds are minimized. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed state estimation algorithm.
Development, integration, and field evaluation of an autonomous citrus‐harvesting robot
Authors: Yin Hesheng , Sun Qixin , Ren Xu , Guo Junlong , Yang Yunlong , Wei Yujia , Huang Bo , Chai Xiujuan , Zhong Ming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCitrus harvesting is a labor‐intensive and time‐intensive task. As the global population continues to age, labor costs are increasing dramatically. Therefore, the citrus‐harvesting robot has attracted considerable attention from the business and academic communities. However, robotic harvesting in unstructured and natural citrus orchards remains a challenge. This study aims to address some challenges faced in commercializing citrus‐harvesting robots. We present a fully integrated, autonomous, and innovative solution for citrus‐harvesting robots to overcome the harvesting difficulties derived from the natural growth characteristics of citrus. This solution uses a fused simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm based on multiple sensors to perform high‐precision localization and navigation for the robot in the field orchard. Besides, a novel visual method for estimating fruit poses is proposed to cope with the randomization of citrus growth orientations. Further, a new end‐effector is designed to improve the success and conformity rate of citrus stem cutting. Finally, a fully autonomous harvesting robot system has been developed and integrated. Field evaluations showed that the robot could harvest citrus continuously with an overall success rate of 87.2% and an average picking time of 10.9 s/fruit. These efforts provide a solid foundation for the future commercialization of citrus‐harvesting robots.
Two‐Dimensional Interlayer Space Induced Horizontal Transformation of Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets for Highly Permeable Nanofiltration Membranes
Authors: Wang Zheng , Nakagawa Keizo , Guan Kecheng , Song Qiangqiang , Zhou Siyu , Tanaka Shunsuke , Okamoto Yasunao , Matsuoka Atsushi , Kamio Eiji , Li Guangchao , Li Molly Meng‐Jung , Yoshioka Tomohisa , Matsuyama Hideto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLaminar membranes comprising graphene oxide (GO) and metal–organic framework (MOF) nanosheets benefit from the regular in‐plane pores of MOF nanosheets and thus can support rapid water transport. However, the restacking and agglomeration of MOF nanosheets during typical vacuum filtration disturb the stacking of GO sheets, thus deteriorating the membrane selectivity. Therefore, to fabricate highly permeable MOF nanosheets/reduced GO (rGO) membranes, a two‐step method is applied. First, using a facile solvothermal method, ZnO nanoparticles are introduced into the rGO laminate to stabilize and enlarge the interlayer spacing. Subsequently, the ZnO/rGO membrane is immersed in a solution of tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (H2TCPP) to realize in situ transformation of ZnO into Zn‐TCPP in the confined interlayer space of rGO. By optimizing the transformation time and mass loading of ZnO, the obtained Zn‐TCPP/rGO laminar membrane exhibits preferential orientation of Zn‐TCPP, which reduces the pathway tortuosity for small molecules. As a result, the composite membrane achieves a high water permeance of 19.0 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 and high anionic dye rejection (>99% for methyl blue).
Light‐Driven MXene‐Based Microrobots: Mineralization of Bisphenol A to CO2 and H2O
Authors: Dekanovsky Lukas , Huang Hai , Akir Sana , Ying Yulong , Sofer Zdenek , Khezri Bahareh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLight‐driven magnetic MXene‐based microrobots (MXeBOTs) have been developed as an active motile platform for efficiently removing and degrading bisphenol A (BPA). Light‐driven MXeBOTs are facilitated with the second control engine, i.e., embedded Fe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) for magnetic propulsion. The grafted bismuth NPs act as cocatalysts. The effect of the BPA concentration and the chemical composition of the swimming environment on the stability and reusability of the MXeBOTs are studied. The MAXBOTs, a developed motile water remediation platform, demonstrate the ability to remove/degrade approximately 60% of BPA within just 10 min and achieve near‐complete removal/degradation (≈100%) within 1 h. Above 86% of BPA is mineralized within 1 h. The photocatalytic degradation of BPA using Bi/Fe/MXeBOTs demonstrates a significant advantage in the mineralization of BPA to CO2 and H2O.
3D Chiral Micro‐Pinwheels Based on Rolling‐Up Kirigami Technology
Authors: Wang Kun , Hou Chaojian , Cong Longqing , Zhang Wenqi , Fan Lu , Wang Xiaokai , Dong Lixin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExpanding micro‐/nanostructures into 3D ones results not only in boosting structural integration level with compact geometry but also enhancing a device's complexity and functionality. Herein, a synergetic 3D micro‐/nanoshape transformation is proposed by combining kirigami and rolling‐up techniques, or rolling‐up kirigami, for the first time. As an example, micro‐pinwheels with multiple flabella are patterned on pre‐stressed bilayer membranes and rolled up into 3D structures. The flabella are designed when they are patterned on a 2D thin film, facilitating the integration of micro‐/nanoelement and other functionalization processes during 2D patterning, which is typically much easier than post‐shaping an as‐fabricated 3D structure by removing redundant materials or 3D printing. The dynamic rolling‐up process is simulated using elastic mechanics with a movable releasing boundary. Mutual competition and cooperation among flabella are observed during the whole release process. More importantly, the mutual conversion between translation and rotation offers a reliable platform for developing parallel microrobots and adaptive 3D micro‐antennas. Additionally, 3D chiral micro‐pinwheel arrays integrated into a microfluidic chip are successfully applied to detect organic molecules in solution using a terahertz apparatus. With an extra actuation, active micro‐pinwheels can potentially serve as a base to functionalize 3D kirigami as tunable devices.
Photonic Hyperthermia Synergizes with Immune‐Activators to Augment Tumor‐Localized Immunotherapy
Authors: Li Tiankuan , Hu Zhongqian , Song Feifei , Wu Chenyao , Miao Qizeng , Wang Zhongmin , Feng Wei , Guo Jinhe , Chen Yu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhotothermal immunotherapy, the combination of photothermal hyperthermia and immunotherapy, is a noninvasive and desirable therapeutic strategy to address the deficiency of traditional photothermal ablation for tumor treatment. However, insufficient T‐cell activation following photothermal treatment is a bottleneck to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effectiveness. In this work, a multifunctional nanoplatform is rationally designed and engineered on the basis of polypyrrole‐based magnetic nanomedicine modified by T‐cell activators of anti‐CD3 and anti‐CD28 monoclonal antibodies, which have achieved robust near infrared laser‐triggered photothermal ablation and long‐lasting T‐cell activation, realizing diagnostic imaging‐guided immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment regulation following photothermal hyperthermia by reinvigorating tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes. By virtue of high‐efficient immunogenic cell death and dendritic cell maturation combined with T‐cell activation, this nanosystem markedly restrains primary and abscopal tumors as well as metastatic tumors with negligible side effects in vivo, exerting the specific function for suppressing tumor recurrence and metastasis by establishing a long‐term memory immune response.
Large Range Atomic Force Microscopy with High Aspect Ratio Micropipette Probe for Deep Trench Imaging
Authors: Shi Huiyao , Wang Kaixuan , Tang Si , Zhai Shenghang , Shi Jialin , Su Chanmin , Liu Lianqing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAtomic force microscopy (AFM) has been adopted in both industry and academia for high‐fidelity, full‐profile topographic characterization. Typically, the tiny tip of the cantilever and the limited traveling range of the scanner restrict AFM measurement to relatively flat samples (recommend 1 µm). The primary objective of this work is to address these limitations using a large‐range AFM (measuring height >10 µm) system consisting of a novel repairable high aspect ratio probe (HARP) with a nested‐proportional‐integral‐derivative (nested‐PID) AFM system. The HARP is fabricated using a reliable, cost‐efficient bench‐top process. The tip is then fused by pulling the end of the micropipette cantilever with a length up to hundreds of micrometers and a tip diameter of 30 nm. The design, simulation, fabrication, and performance of the HARP are described herein. This instrument is then tested using polymer trenches which reveals superior image fidelity compared to standard silicon tips. Finally, a nested‐PID system is developed and employed to facilitate 3D characterization of 50‐µm‐step samples. The results demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed bench‐top technique for the fabrication of low‐cost, simple HAR AFM probes that facilitate the imaging of samples with deep trenches.
Effect of Hadamard multiplication on bloom filter and double bloom filter transformations
Authors: Sreedharan Ajish , K. S. Anil Kumar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIris biometric is the most common and widely accepted biometric authentication method due to its high accuracy. The iris biometric template should be protected to overcome security and privacy attacks. The two standard iris biometric template protection methods are bloom filter and double bloom filter‐based feature transformations. In this article, we first permuted and then applied the p‐order Hadamard product on the iris template before the bloom filter and double bloom filter‐based transformation to enhance the security. The performance and security are measured using the CASIAv1 iris benchmark database to study the effect of Hadamard multiplication on bloom and double bloom filter‐based transformation. The Hadamard multiplication on the iris template increases the security of the transformed iris template and slightly degrades the matching performance.
Investigation of heat transport characteristics of titanium dioxide nanofluids with corrugated tube
Authors: Ugle Vikas V. , Arulprakasajothi Mahalingam , Padmanabhan Sambandam , Devarajan Yuvarajan , Lakshmaiya Natrayan , Subbaiyan Naveen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe implications of cooling fluids with suspended titanium dioxide nanoparticles in augmenting the heat transfer rate in the heat exchanger are discussed. The application of corrugated tubes for increasing the effectiveness of heat exchangers is studied in this work. In deionized water, the nanofluid is synthesized to get three different volume concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%). The nanofluid's flow rate varies to 100 L/h, 150 L/h, and 200 L/h, respectively. An experiment is carried out in three corrugated tubes made of copper, with pitch values of 18, 20, and 25 mm, respectively. Optimization is carried out to determine the influence of nanofluid concentration, the mass flow rate of the nanofluids, and the corrugation pitch over the heat transfer rate. It is concluded that increasing the volume concentration of the nanoparticles in deionized water and the mass flow rate of the nanofluid enhances the heat transfer rate in the heat exchanger.
An alternative approach to capture uncertainties embedded in the estimation of social cost of carbon
Authors: Caesary Desy , Kim Hana , Nam Myung Jin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe continuous increase in global surface temperature, which has been triggered by the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration from anthropogenic activity, results in damage not only in the short term but also in the long term. This damage, called the social cost of carbon (SCC), has been widely estimated using integrated assessment models (IAMs). A large range of estimated SCC values have been observed because of uncertainties in IAMs' parameters. This study provides a comprehensive review of these uncertainties after dividing IAM modules into four categories: climate sensitivity, damage function, discount rate, and regional–sectoral validation. The review was conducted by comparing key ideas considered by various IAMs: socioeconomic conditions in relation to projected CO2 emissions, estimation of the atmospheric concentration of CO2, estimation of total radiative forcing, parameters of the temperature function, parameters of the damage function, and discount rate value. In addition, this study presents an alternative approach to capture the uncertainties embedded in the SCC estimation, using a machine learning approach. This enables a probabilistic evaluation of a specific level of SCC and improves our comprehension of the implication of the calculated SCC using IAMs. This alternative approach provides a basis for further study of SCC.This article is categorized under:
Climate and Environment > Net Zero Planning and Decarbonization
Functional neuroimaging in the era of Big Data and Open Science: A modern overview
Authors: Lazar Nicole A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the past 30 years, the statistical analysis of functional neuroimaging data has made much progress, and spurred many new research directions. At the same time, problems with reproducibility and replicability have plagued the field, owing in part to small sample sizes, a plethora of choices at the data preprocessing stage, and overall lack of transparency in reporting. The latter two in particular pose barriers to statisticians who want to become involved in the area. Recent efforts by some in the neuroimaging community to address these problems represent a turning point. This article highlights the current landscape and provides an introduction to some of the relevant resources in “open neuroimaging.”This article is categorized under:
Software for Computational Statistics > Software/Statistical Software