bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and factors influencing neck shortening after screw fixation of femoral neck fractures with the femoral neck system
Authors: kai Wang , Fengfei Lin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effects of postoperative femoral neck shortening in patients with femoral neck fractures fixed with femoral neck system screws (FNS) and to explore the factors influencing femoral neck shortening.

Method

To retrospectively analyze the data of 113 patients with femoral neck fractures admitted to the Second Hospital of Fuzhou City, affiliated to Xiamen University, between December 2019 and January 2022, Of these, 87 patients were followed up for more than 12 months, 49 men and 38 women. 36 cases of Garden I and II fractures and 51 cases of Garden III and IV fractures., to record the patient's hip Harris score at 12 months postoperatively. Patients were divided into femoral neck shortening group and femoral neck no shortening group according to their regular postoperative follow-up radiographic measurements, to count the incidence of femoral neck shortening, comparison of postoperative complication rates and hip Harris scores between the two groups, Statistical comparison of the two groups, a multifactorial logistic regression analysis was also performed to analyze the factors affecting femoral neck shortening.

Results

All 87 patients were followed up for more than 12 months after surgery, In 34 of these cases, neck shortening occurred, The incidence rate was 39.1%. 15 cases of severe shortening, incidence of 17.2%; fracture healing 84 cases, fracture healing rate of 96.5%. The hip Harris score was 83.99 (81.95,89.20) in the neck shortening group at 12 months postoperatively, 90.87 (87.95,94.80) for the group without neck shortening, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.01). 32 cases of fracture healing in the neck shortening group at 12 months after surgery, fracture healing rate of 94.1%; 52 cases healed without neck shortening group, fracture healing rate of 98.1%; The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.337). High incidence of neck shortening after FNS fixation of femoral neck fractures, cortical comminution of the severed end, fracture fractionation and quality of reduction were significantly correlated with neck shortening.

Conclusion

High incidence of postoperative neck shortening after internal fixation of femoral neck fractures with the femoral neck system, the patient's cortical comminution, the type of fracture, and the quality of fracture reduction are the influencing factors, femoral neck shortening can affect postoperative hip function, but does not affect fracture healing.
Fund project: Project of Fujian Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for First Aid and Rehabilitation in Orthopaedic Trauma (2020Y2014); Project of Fuzhou Trauma Medical Center (2018080303)
Construction of a Risk Model and Prediction of prognosis and immunotherapy Based on Cuproptosis-Related LncRNAs in the Urinary System Pan-Cancer
Authors: Ma Zhihui , Liang Haining , Cui Rongjun , Ji Jinli , Liu Hongfeng , Liu Xiaoxue , Shen Ping , Wang Huan , Wang Xingyun , Song Zheyao , Jiang Ying 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Urinary pan-cancer system is a general term for tumors of the urinary system including renal cell carcinoma (RCC), prostate cancer (PRAD), and bladder cancer (BLCA). Their location, physiological functions, and metabolism are closely related, making the occurrence and outcome of these tumors highly similar. Cuproptosis is a new type of cell death that is different from apoptosis and plays an essential role in tumors. Therefore, it is necessary to study the molecular mechanism of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs to urinary system pan-cancer for the prognosis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of urinary tumors.
METHOD: In our study, we identiﬁed 35 co-expression cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (CRLs) from the urinary pan-cancer system. 28 CRLs were identified as prognostic-related CRLs by univariate Cox regression analysis. Then 11 CRLs were obtained using lasso regression and multivariate cox analysis to construct a prognostic model. We divided patients into high and low-risk groups based on the median risk scores. Next, Kaplan-Meier analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), functional rich annotations, and nomogram were used to compare the differences between the high and low-risk groups. Finally, the prediction of tumor immune dysfunction and rejection, gene mutation, and drug sensitivity were discussed.
CONCLUSION: Finally, the candidate molecules of the urinary system pan-cancer were identified. This CRLs risk model may be promising for clinical prediction of prognosis and immunotherapy response in urinary system pan-cancer patients.
Survival and prognostic factors of pediatric brainstem gliomas: a single institution experience of 96 cases
Authors: Li Keke , Wang Xu , Wang Ruimin , Zhu Chuanying , Li Yiyuan , Chen Shuxian , Jiang Mawei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Brainstem gliomas (BSGs) have a poor prognosis, especially in children. The clinical manifestations of pediatric brainstem gliomas (pBSGs) are atypical, and systematic studies in this population are scarce. This study aimed to investigate the comprehensive features of pBSGs and prognostic factors associated with survival.
Methods
Data from primarily diagnosed BSGs were collected, including clinical, radiological, treatment, and molecular characteristics. Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox regression method.
Results
96 BSG patients were included, and the median overall survival (OS) was 11.23 months. Primary symptoms included gait instability in 73 cases, choking on water in 49 cases, limb weakness in 48 cases, and personality changes in 27 cases. Univariate regression analysis showed that ring enhancement, Lansky score, H3K27M, TP53, and EZH2 protein expression might affect the survival of patients with BSG (P < 0.05). Multifactorial Cox regression analysis showed that the patients with H3K27M wild-type, Lansky score ≥ 60, and MRI without noticeable ring enhancement had a more extended survival period (P < 0.05). In patients with H3K27M mutation, the median OS of the EZH2 mutant patients was shorter (P = 0.025).
Conclusion
PBSGs have a poor prognosis and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of children who present clinically with unexplained behavioral changes. An accurate pathological biopsy is essential for prognosis.
Cohomology of Quaternionic Foliations and Orbifolds
Authors: Mohseni Rouzbeh , Wolak Robert A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Starting with a concise review of quaternionic geometry and quaternion K{\"a}hler manifolds, we define a transversely quaternion K{\"a}hler foliation. Then we formulate and prove the foliated versions of the now classical results of V.Y. Kraines and A Fujiki on the cohomology of quaternion K{\"a}hler manifolds. Finally, as any orbifold can be realized as the leaf space of a suitably defined Riemannian foliation we reformulate our results for quaternion orbifolds.
MSC Classification: 53C12 , 53C28 , 57R30
The composition characteristics of endophytic communities and their relationship with metabolites profile in Ephedra sinica under wild and cultivated conditions
Authors: zhang hui , Xia Ye , Cui Jin-Long , Ji Xin , Liu Xi , Miao Shuang-Man , Wang Meng-Liang , Wang Jun-Hong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ephedra sinica is one of the most famous Chinese medicinal plants. The insufficient supply of wild resources has led to the increased use of cultivated products. However, the related medicinal quality differs significantly. Although the influence of external environment on the quality of E. sinica has been studied, the impact of endophytic microbes on it remains vague. This study characterized differential metabolites and microbial community compositions in the wild and cultivated E. sinica by combining metabolomics with microbiomics, and explored the effect of endophytes on the formation of differential metabolites further. The results showed that the difference in quality between wild and cultivated E. sinica was mainly in the productions of alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. The associated endophytes had special compositional characteristics. For instance, the distribution and abundance of dominant endophytes varied between the wild and cultivated E. sinica. Several endophytes had significant, or highly significant correlations with the formations of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, D-cathinone, methcathinone, coumarin, kaempferol, rhamnetin, or phenylacetic acid. This study will deepen our understanding of the plant-endophyte interactions and provide a strategy for the quality control of E. sinica products.
Anatomical study of type classification and surface area of attachment sites for tibialis anterior tendon
Authors: Hirai Tomoki , Edama Mutsuaki , Togashi Ryoya , Osanami Haruki , Saito Rina , Kato Koyo , Shagawa Mayuu , Sekine Chie , Yokota Hirotake , Hirabayashi Ryo , Ishigaki Tomonobu , Akuzawa Hiroshi , Yamada Yuki , Toriumi Taku , Kageyama Ikuo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: The purpose of this study was to clarify the attachment types of the tibialis anterior tendon (TAT) in Japanese fixed cadavers and to determine the attachment site area in three dimensions.
Methods: We examined 100 feet from 50 Japanese cadavers. The TAT was classified according to differences in the number of fiber bundles as: Type I, with one fiber bundle; Type II, with two fiber bundles; and Type III, with three fiber bundles. The attachment site area of the TAT was measured using a three-dimensional scanner.
Results: Cases were Type II in 95% and Type III in 5%, with no cases of Type I identified. In Type II, mean attachment site areas were 85.2 ± 18.2 mm2 for the medial cuneiform bone (MCB) and 72.4 ± 19.0 mm2 for the first metatarsal bone (1MB), showing a significantly larger area for MCB than for 1MB.
Conclusions: These findings suggest the possibility of ethnic differences in TAT attachment types and suggest that TAT attachments in Japanese individuals are highly likely to be Type II, with rare cases of Type III. Accurate measurement of attachment site areas is possible with appropriate three-dimensional measurements.
Simulation and experimental study on Leakage characteristics of clearance seal in Hydro-viscous clutch
Authors: Li Bin , Guo Liuyang , Li Qiang , Hao Muming , Ren Baojie , Liu Zhaozeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The stable operation of the sealing assembly plays a vital role in the performance of the hydraulic viscous clutch. In order to research the leakage characteristics of the clearance seal of the hydraulic viscous clutch, a clearance seal model is established based on the computational fluid dynamics. The validity of the model is proved by comparing the leakage of the experience in a self-build sealed test-bench, and the effects of seal clearance and oil temperature on the flow velocity, leakage and friction torque are analyzed by numerically simulating. The calculation results show that the decrease of clearance leads to the decrease of outlet area and leakage. Although the variation of rotational speed has little effect on leakage, it can effectively alter the friction torque especially in the case of small seal clearance. By comparing the leakage of each outlet at different temperatures, it is found that the leakage increases drastically when the oil temperature is larger than 70℃.
Hydrogen defects in feldspars: Alkali-supported dehydrogenation of sanidine
Authors: Behrens Harald 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the first two papers of this series (Behrens 2022a,b), incorporation of hydrogen in the feldspar structure, partitioning of hydrogen between feldspars and gases/fluids and self diffusion of hydrogen in feldspars has been discussed, with particular focus on sanidine. Here, the results of reactions between sanidine containing strongly bonded hydrogen defects and (Na,K)Cl are presented. Experiments were performed at ambient pressure at temperatures of 605–1000°C and hydrogen profiles were measured by IR microspectroscopy. Profiles can be interpreted by an incomplete dehydrogenation at the crystal surface or a strong concentration dependence of hydrogen diffusivity. Both is consistent with hydrogen located on interstitial sites and difficult to substitute by the larger alkali ions. Chemical diffusivities of hydrogen derived from fitting of the profiles or Boltzmann-Matano analysis are similar to self diffusivities determined by D/H exchange experiments. Activation energies are also comparable. Comparison to sodium and potassium diffusion data for sanidine (Wilangowski et al 2015, Hergemöller et al. 2017) support a mechanism of proton diffusion charge-compensated by Na+ diffusion for hydrogen removal in the sanidines under dry conditions.
Native Metarhizium strains: kinetics of adhesion to the cuticle and their virulence against mosquitoes
Authors: SARE Issiaka , BALDINI Francesco , VIANA Mafalda , Athanase BADOLO , DJIGMA Florencia , DIABATE Abdoulaye , BILGO Etienne 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Malaria is a major public health concern in Burkina Faso, with over 90% of the country at risk of the disease. While malaria burden has declined in recent years, some fear it may be on the rise again due to resistance from the vector and parasite to existing control methods. Therefore, to stop malaria transmission in Burkina Faso and more broadly in endemic countries, it is necessary to implement new and complementary control tools, including the use of entomopathogenic fungi to control malaria vectors.
Methods: Fungal strains were isolated from 201 insects and 1399 rhizosphere, and 4 strains of Metarhizium fungi were isolated. The fungal suspensions were used to infect 3-day old female Anopheles coluzzii mosquitoes at three different concentrations (106, 107, 108 conidia / mL). The survival of the mosquitoes was measured over 14 days and quantifying fungal growth after 1 and 24 hours assessed adhesion of the fungal strains on the mosquito cuticle..
Results: All four fungi strains increased mosquito mortality compared to control (p < 2.2-16). Adhesion of the fungal strains was observed on the mosquito cuticle after 24 hours at high concentrations, with one strain showing adhesion after just 1 hour and having the highest virulence.
Conclusion: These results show that native Metarhizium spp. fungi are a promising tool for controlling malaria vectors. Some strains were effective enough to adhere to the mosquito cuticle at low concentration and showed high virulence. Further studies should screen additional native strains to establish the link between adhesion and virulence
Antifungal activity of a trypsin inhibitor from Salvia hispanica L.(chia) seeds against fluconazole-resistant strains of Candida spp. and evaluation of its toxicity in vitro
Authors: Nogueira Francisca Cristiane , de Souza Adson Ávila , Araújo Nadine Monteiro Salgueiro , de Souza Larissa Alves Lopes , Silva Rafael Guimarães Gomes , de Sousa Daniele de Oliveira Bezerra , Cavalcanti Bruno Coêlho , Filho Manoel Odorico de Moraes , Sá Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente , Júnior Hélio Vitoriano Nobre , de Oliveira Hermógenes David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The incidence of Candida species resistance to traditional antifungals is increasing globally. This issue significantly impacts patients' lives and raises healthcare expenses, confirming the need for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Recently, a thermostable trypsin inhibitor was isolated from Salvia hispanica L. (chia) seeds – named ShTI (MM 11.558 kDa) with an antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus species. This work aimed to assess the antifungal effect of ShTI against Candida species and its synergism with fluconazole and to evaluate its mode of action. Moreover, preliminary toxicological studies using mouse fibroblast cells were performed. ShTI displayed an anticandidal effect alone against C. parapsilosis (ATCC® 22019), C. krusei (ATCC® 6258), and six clinical fluconazole-resistant strains of C. albicans (2), C. parapsilosis (2), and C. tropicalis (2) (MIC 50: 4.1 µM and MIC 100: 8.2 µM) and exhibited a synergistic effect when combined with fluconazole against C. albicans with complete alteration of the morphological structure of the yeast. The mode of action of ShTI against C. krusei (ATCC® 6258™) and C. albicans species involves cell membrane damage due to increased membrane permeabilization, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, formation of pseudohyphae, injury of cells and pore formation and consequently cell death. In addition, ShTI (8.65 and 17.3 µM) showed a noncytotoxic and nongenotoxic effect in L929 mouse fibroblast cells. These findings make it plausible to assume that ShTI is a promising antimicrobial candidate, but new assays are required to progress the application of ShTI's potential usage as a novel antifungal.
The Difference-of-Log-Normals Distribution is Fundamental in Nature
Authors: Parham Robert 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The growth of many natural and social phenomena including pandemics1, firms,2 cities,3 and various economic indices,4,5 is known to be heavy-tailed. Most growth is modest, but we often observe explosive growth rates, such as firms doubling or halving in size within a short period. Neither a simple explanation nor a well-fitting distri10 butional form for these growth phenomena is known. Here we show that a hitherto obscure statistical distribution — the Difference-of-Log-Normals (DLN) — describes a plethora of growth phenomena remarkably well, and discuss why it arises as a natural consequence of the Central Limit Theorem (CLT). Our results demonstrate how growth phenomena subject to opposing random exponential forces are likely to distribute DLN. This provides both a framework for scientifically modeling these phenomena and a simple distributional form to be used when empirically modeling observed heavy-tailed growth. We hence posit that the DLN is a fundamental distribution in nature, in the sense that it emerges in many disparate natural phenomena, especially growth phe19 nomena, similar to the repeated disparate emergence of the Normal and log-Normal distributions.
Study on morphological, structural and magnetic properties of nanocrystalline Fe60Al35Mg5 alloy fabricated by high energy ball milling
Authors: hafs ali , hafs toufik , Berdjane Djamel , Yandjah Louardi , hasnaoui nesrine 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The mechanical alloying process has been used to synthesise the nanocrystalline Fe60Al35Mg5 ( wt % )powders in a high energy planetary ball-mill Retsch PM 400. The evolution structural, microstructural, morphological and magnetic properties of ball-milled powders at different milling times (t variation from 0 to 32 h) were investigated by X-ray diffraction using the MAUD program which is based on the Rietveld method, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD results reveal the formation of a bcc-Fe (Al, Mg) solid solution after 8 h of milling possessing a lattice parameter of 0,2895nm after 32 h of milling. It is also observed a refinement of the grain size which reaches 18,75 nm, and an increase in the microstrain after 32 hours of milling. Morphological evolution of the powder particles of the preceding mixture with the increase of the milling time, shows the coexistence of larger and fine particles at the beginning of the milling process linked to the competition of the phenomena of fractures and welding. A more or less homogeneous distribution of the particle shape is observed after 32 hours of milling. The elemental maps of Fe , Al and Mg done with EDX experiments confirmed the results found by XRD about the evolution of the alloy formation. Magnetic measurements of the milled Fe60Al35Mg5 ( wt % ) powder mixture exhibit a soft ferromagnetic character where the magnetic parameters are found to be very sensitive to the milling time mainly due to the particle size refinement as well as the formation of the solid solutions. After 32 hours of milling, the evolution of the saturation magnetisation (MS), coercive field (HC) remanent magnetisation (Mr) and squareness ratio (Mr/Ms) derived from the hysteresis curves are discussed as a function of milling time.
Identification of adulteration of Qinghai flaxseed oil based on phytosterol composition and chemometrics
Authors: Yang Furong , Wang Jinying , Han Yuze , Li Yingxia , Wang Shuzhen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the present study, phytosterol profiles were used to identify adulterations of flaxseed oils from different varieties and producing areas in Qinghai Province. A combination of similarity evaluation and cluster analysis was used to distinguish pure flaxseed oil from flaxseed oil adulterated with rapeseed, peanut, sunflower, or sesame oil at concentrations between 10%-50% and discriminant analyses were used to identify the types of adulterating oils. The results showed that similarity evaluation combined with cluster analysis can distinguish pure and adulterated flaxseed oil when the concentration of the adulterant was greater than 10%. Discriminant analysis models accurately identified the types of adulterating oil in flaxseed oil when the concentration of rapeseed, peanut, or sunflower oil was greater than 20%, and that of sesame oil was greater than 30%. This study shows that the determination of the phytosterol composition and chemometrics is a valuable tool to evaluate the purity of flaxseed oil.
Preliminary investigations into the synthesis of lipase cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEA) for hydrolysis of lipid-rich wastewater
Authors: Zainab Ayinla , Nelson Ademakinwa Adedeji 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEA) from Rhizopus oryzae lipase (RoL) was prepared using ammonium sulphate and glutaraldehyde as the precipitant and cross-linker respectively. The lipase CLEA was characterized via scanning electron microscopy. Thereafter, the CLEA was utilized in the hydrolysis of lipid-rich wastewater. The purified CLEA could be reused up to five cycles and its catalysis increased free fatty acid levels in wastewater by 84.8% and 142.1% at 0.5% and 1% (w/v) CLEA respectively. RoL CLEA is a unique biocatalyst in treatment of oil-contaminated wastewater. Hence, the possible large-scale remediation of oil-contaminated water bodies using this immobilized enzyme could be exploited.