bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract C027: miRNA-214-5P regulates RAD51, a biomarker for aggressive disease and racial disparities in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Acharya Ganesh , Mani Chinnadurai , Manne Upender , Palle Komaraiah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the deadliest cancers in women. Among various subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and hard to treat subtype of breast cancer because it is highly metastatic and lacks targeted therapies. The death rate from BC is higher among African American (AA) women than among women of other races and ethnicities. The higher incidences of TNBCs and their aggressive growth in young AA women contributing to higher death rates indicate a biological basis for this difference. Thus, it is imperative to understand the molecular mechanisms that contribute to aggressive tumor growth in AA women, identify biomarkers to select patients who will respond to existing therapies, and develop effective therapeutics to reduce this disparity. Our previous findings showed that the DNA repair protein, RAD51, is overexpressed in AA TNBC patients and correlates with a poor prognosis relative to European American (EA) TNBC patients. However, the exact mechanism behind the regulation of RAD51 has not been identified. Our miRNA seq analysis shows a list of downregulated miRNAs in AA TNBC cell lines compared to EA TNBC cell lines. Interestingly, the miRDB-MicroRNA Target Prediction Database predicted that miR-214-5P has the seed sequence to bind and degrade RAD51 mRNA. Analysis of the TCGA database by UALCAN portal also shows a decreased expression of miR-214-5P in AA TNBC patients compared to EA TNBC patients. Treating the AA TNBC cell lines with miR-214-5P mimic downregulates RAD51 expression in a cell cycle-independent manner and also induces HR-deficiency as measured by Dr-GFP assay. Based on these results, we designed a synergistic lethality-based combination of miR-214-5P and Olaparib in TNBC cells. Data from our preclinical evaluations show miR-214-5P and Olaparib cause increased DNA strand breaks, and synergistic TNBC cell lethality compared to individual treatments. Together, our data indicate that miR-214-5P regulates RAD51 and either of these genes could be biomarkers for aggressive TNBC and racial disparity in BC therapeutic outcomes.
Citation Format: Ganesh Acharya, Chinnadurai Mani, Upender Manne, Komaraiah Palle. miRNA-214-5P regulates RAD51, a biomarker for aggressive disease and racial disparities in triple-negative breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr C027.
Abstract IA013: Disparities in uterine cancer incidence and mortality
Authors: Clarke Megan A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Hysterectomy-corrected uterine cancer incidence rates increased have increased by about 1% per year in the U.S. from 2003-2015, with the sharpest increases observed among Hispanic, non-Hispanic Asian, and non-Hispanic Black women, respectively. These increases have been primarily related to rates of aggressive non-endometrioid subtypes, which have been increasing among all women and are particularly high among Non-Hispanic Black women. Non-Hispanic Black women also have substantially lower survival, irrespective of stage at diagnosis or histologic subtype. To follow-up on these findings, we conducted an incidence-based mortality analysis to evaluate subtype- and stage-specific uterine cancer mortality rates by race and ethnicity. Methods: We used the U.S. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-18 Incidence-Based Mortality database, with hysterectomy correction based on hysterectomy prevalence data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We included uterine cancer deaths occurring between 2010-2017 among cases diagnosed between 2000-2017. Uncorrected and corrected mortality rates were age adjusted to the 2000 US standard population and expressed per 100,000 person-years according to tumor histology, stage at diagnosis, and race and ethnicity. Annual percent changes in rates were calculated using log-linear regression. Results: There were 16,797 uterine cancer deaths between 2010-2017, corresponding to a hysterectomy-corrected mortality rate of 15.7 per 100,000 person-years. Rates were highest among Blacks, overall, by histologic subtype, and stage at diagnosis. Among all women, uterine cancer mortality rates increased significantly by 1.8% per year from 2010-2017, as did rates of non-endometrioid carcinomas (2.7%), with the sharpest increases occurring among Hispanics (6.7%), followed by Blacks (3.5%), Asians (3.4%), and Whites (1.5%). In contrast, endometrioid carcinoma mortality rates remained stable over time. Conclusions: The underlying causes for the significant increase of non-endometrioid uterine carcinoma mortality rates, aligning with recent incidence trends, are not understood. Collectively, our findings underscore the importance of understanding the factors that contribute to the remarkable rise in non-endometrioid carcinoma incidence among all women, and the disproportionately higher incidence of these subtypes among Black women. We intend to follow-up these findings in our clinical study, DETECT, in collaboration with the University of Alabama Birmingham.
Citation Format: Megan A. Clarke. Disparities in uterine cancer incidence and mortality [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA013.
Abstract IA017: Two-row wampum & Indigenous cancer care services: Building respectful parallels of sovereignty along the cancer care continuum.
Authors: Haring Rodney 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Quality-improvement (QI) roundtables collected shared voice of Indigenous and non-Indigenous cancer care providers working in and around ancestrally related Native Nations—Canada—USA. Findings were coupled with triangulated, aggregated, and de-identified Centers for Disease Control, Indian Health Services, and New York state information. Collectively, results spoke to the journey of Indigenous communities across the cancer care continuum, translating QI initiatives into community change via Indigenous patient navigation services wrapped in a framework of historical Wampum agreements between Indigenous Nations, Canada, and the United States. Outcomes discuss building cancer care collectives, translational QI methods towards in-person and virtual health care, and innovative grass-roots partnerships towards creative community outreach, engagement, and education. A short video documenting this QI journey was co-created with Indigenous film makers and US-based cancer center media and will be screened.
Citation Format: Rodney Haring. Two-row wampum & Indigenous cancer care services: Building respectful parallels of sovereignty along the cancer care continuum. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA017.
Abstract IA033: The impact of race, ethnicity, culture, and well-being among childhood cancer survivors and their parent caregivers
Authors: Ochoa Carol Y. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The number of childhood cancer survivors (CCS) has increased over the past 30 years due to improvements in the treatment of cancers affecting this population; however, most CCS experience late adverse effects from their cancer treatment. In many cases, when a child is diagnosed with cancer, parents serve as primary caregivers throughout their child's cancer journey by providing them with medical, informational, and emotional support. Even when CCS become young adults, parents often remain involved with medical care and help CCS transition from pediatric to adult-focused survivorship care. Unfortunately, the proportion of young adult CCS engaged in survivorship follow-up care rapidly declines with increasing age and time since treatment. Disengagement in follow-up care results in inadequate medical surveillance for late effects and a missed opportunity for survivorship-focused care, including psychosocial screening and supportive care referral. The decline in long-term follow-up care is multifactorial and includes patient, provider, and system-related barriers to care. This session will present a brief overview of CCS and parents from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds who experience significant health disparities, including inequities in cancer treatment and access to care compared to non-Hispanic whites. This session will also highlight the work from the Center for Young Adult Cancer Survivorship Research; a dual institutional center focused on survivorship care and quality of life among multi-ethnic survivors (predominantly Hispanic). Recent research examining racial/ethnic disparities included other related factors such as socioeconomic status, language preference, nativity, and acculturation, which provided insight into how to best address these multifactorial aspects of racial/ethnic disparities in this population. Lastly, this session will review a recent report by Mobley et al., 2021 that described systematic barriers to CCS survivorship care and discussed new opportunities to address these health care barriers.
Citation Format: Carol Y. Ochoa. The impact of race, ethnicity, culture, and well-being among childhood cancer survivors and their parent caregivers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA033.
Abstract IA046: Mechanistic targets and strategies to break the obesity-cancer link
Authors: Coleman Michael F. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Obesity promotes the incidence and progression of many cancers including breast cancer. Mechanisms underpinning obesity-driven breast cancer that could be harnessed to intercept this deleterious relationship are not completely understood. Here we apply multi-omics analysis of tumor and adipose to delineate candidate mediators underlying the procancer effects of obesity, and anticancer effects of weight loss, in a mouse model of obesity-driven breast cancer. We modeled bariatric surgery and nonsurgical weight loss in obese C57BL/6NCrl mice fed a high-fat diet (60 kcal% fat) using vertical sleeve gastrectomy or a sham surgery paired with (i) dietary weight loss via ad libitum low-fat diet (10 kcal% fat), (ii) 30% chronic calorie restriction, or (iii) intermittent calorie restriction. Once weight loss stabilized, mammary tumors were induced by orthotopic transplantation of E0771 cells, a model of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). While bariatric surgery and a switch to low-fat diet were each moderately effective at reducing tumor mass, chronic and intermittent calorie restriction regimens were each highly effective in reducing tumor burden. Tumor transcriptomic analysis using gene set enrichment analysis revealed that weight loss interventions reversed obesity-associated immunosuppression. Mediation analysis identified weight loss and fat mass loss as significant mediators of the reduced tumor mass seen in all interventions. Integration of adipose transcriptomics and reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing identified NFKB1, FXR1, and BACH1 as regulators overrepresented in differentially methylated genes, and conserved with predicted regulators of transcriptional remodeling in human adipose tissue following bariatric surgery. These data indicate that weight loss through dietary and surgical means promotes antitumor immunity, in part via remodeling of tumor adjacent adipose tissue. We have identified several candidate mediators of adipose remodeling that may underpin the antitumor effects of bariatric surgery, and these mediators represent potential mechanism-based targets for future interventions.
Citation Format: Michael F. Coleman. Mechanistic targets and strategies to break the obesity-cancer link [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA046.
Toward a Numerical Benchmark for Warm Rain Processes
Authors: Hill Adrian A. , Lebo Zachary J. , Andrejczuk Miroslaw , Arabas Sylwester , Dziekan Piotr , Field Paul , Gettelman Andrew , Hoffmann Fabian , Pawlowska Hanna , Onishi Ryo , Vié Benoit 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Kinematic Driver-Aerosol (KiD-A) intercomparison was established to test the hypothesis that detailed warm microphysical schemes provide a benchmark for lower-complexity bulk microphysics schemes. KiD-A is the first intercomparison to compare multiple Lagrangian cloud models (LCMs), size bin-resolved schemes, and double-moment bulk microphysics schemes in a consistent 1D dynamic framework and box cases. In the absence of sedimentation and collision–coalescence, the drop size distributions (DSDs) from the LCMs exhibit similar evolution with expected physical behaviors and good interscheme agreement, with the volume mean diameter (Dvol) from the LCMs within 1%–5% of each other. In contrast, the bin schemes exhibit nonphysical broadening with condensational growth. These results further strengthen the case that LCMs are an appropriate numerical benchmark for DSD evolution under condensational growth. When precipitation processes are included, however, the simulated liquid water path, precipitation rates, and response to modified cloud drop/aerosol number concentrations from the LCMs vary substantially, while the bin and bulk schemes are relatively more consistent with each other. The lack of consistency in the LCM results stems from both the collision–coalescence process and the sedimentation process, limiting their application as a numerical benchmark for precipitation processes. Reassuringly, however, precipitation from bulk schemes, which are the basis for cloud microphysics in weather and climate prediction, is within the spread of precipitation from the detailed schemes (LCMs and bin). Overall, this intercomparison identifies the need for focused effort on the comparison of collision–coalescence methods and sedimentation in detailed microphysics schemes, especially LCMs.
A Weather-Ready Nation for All? The Demographics of Severe Weather Understanding, Reception, and Response
Authors: Smith Michael D. , Ten Hoeve John E. , Lauer Christopher , Brown Vankita 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
NOAA’s National Weather Service (NWS) provides forecasts, warnings, and decision support to the public for the protection of life and property. The NWS Weather-Ready Nation model describes the process of applying weather information to achieve societal value. However, it is not clear how different racial and socioeconomic groups across the United States receive, understand, and act upon the weather information supplied under this model. There may be barriers that keep important, lifesaving information from the populations at the highest risk of severe weather impacts. This paper estimates the extent of racial and socioeconomic disparities in severe weather risk information reception, comprehension, response, and trust, as well as severe weather preparedness and risk perceptions in the United States. We use data from the University of Oklahoma’s Severe Weather and Society Survey, which is annually completed by a sample of 3000 U.S. adults (age 18+) that is designed to match the characteristics of the U.S. population. We pool data over four years (2017–20) to provide reliable severe weather risk prevalence statistics for adults by race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic characteristics. As a robustness check, we supplement this information with data from the annual FEMA National Household Survey. We find that racial and socioeconomic groups receive, understand, trust, and act upon severe weather information differently. These findings suggest that NWS and their partners should adjust their communication strategies to ensure all populations receive and understand actionable severe weather information.

Significance Statement
It is crucial that severe weather risk communication is received, appropriately interpreted, and trusted by all communities—especially the most vulnerable. Past research has not explained how different racial and socioeconomic groups receive, understand, and act upon NWS forecasts and warnings. This study finds that racial and socioeconomic groups receive, understand, trust, and act upon severe weather information differently. Risk communication strategies should be adjusted to eliminate barriers that keep important, lifesaving information from vulnerable populations.
Performance evaluation for the domain decomposition method in nonlinear vibration of the composite hard-coating cylindrical shell
Authors: Zhang Yue , Yang Jian , Song Hua , Xu Dongtao 
Published: January 2023

Introduction The applications of the modified domain decomposition method in nonlinear vibration analysis of the composite hard-coating cylindrical shells are still at a relatively superficial level, owing to the fact that its performance under different decomposition parameters has not been thoroughly investigated for achieving sufficient precision. Methods A parametric domain decomposition method is developed to facilitate self-performance evaluation in nonlinear vibration analysis of the shell. Correspondingly, in order to avoid a mass of redundant computation of the segment stiffness and material damping matrices during iterations, a specialized preprocessing scheme is designed by pre-establishing the parametric analytical expressions and matrix databases. Results The resonant response is sensitive to the circumferential segment number, but weakly affected by the axial segment number. The optimum circumferential segment number in the present study is suggested to be Nθ = 70, which can achieve good calculation accuracy and efficiency. Highly consistency is shown for the distributions of axial equivalent strain under different axial segment numbers. Smaller circumferential segment numbers would result in larger equivalent strain and bad solution accuracy. Conclusions The sufficient solution accuracy of nonlinear vibration of the composite hard-coating cylindrical shell can't be achieved by increasing the axial segment number with constant segment width, but only by enough circumferential segment number, which is fundamentally determined by its equivalent strain distributions and gradients, and is with close relation to the axial and circumferential wave numbers of the shell.
Safety and tolerability results of atogepant for the preventive treatment of episodic migraine from a 40-week, open-label multicenter extension of the phase 3 ADVANCE trial
Authors: Klein Brad C , Miceli Rosa , Severt Lawrence , McAllister Peter , Mechtler Laszlo , McVige Jennifer , Diamond Merle , Marmura Michael J , Guo Hua , Finnegan Michelle , Trugman Joel M 
Published: January 2023

Background Atogepant is a United States Food and Drug Administration-approved oral calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor antagonist for the preventive treatment of episodic migraine. The study objective was to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of atogepant in participants who completed the phase 3 ADVANCE trial (NCT03777059). Methods This 40-week, open-label extension trial (NCT03939312) monitored safety in participants receiving oral atogepant 60 mg once daily, followed by a four-week safety follow-up period. Results Of the 685 participants taking at least one dose of atogepant, the treatment period was completed by 74.6% of participants with a mean (standard deviation) treatment duration of 233.6 (89.3) days. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 62.5% of participants, with upper respiratory tract infection (5.5%), urinary tract infection (5.3%), nasopharyngitis (4.8%), sinusitis (3.6%), constipation (3.4%), and nausea (3.4%) occurring at ≥3%. Serious adverse events were observed in 3.4% of participants (none were treatment-related), and there were no deaths. Adverse events leading to discontinuation occurring at >0.1% were nausea (0.4%) and abdominal pain, vomiting, weight decrease, dizziness, and migraine (0.3% each). Conclusion These results are consistent with atogepant’s known safety profile and support long-term use of atogepant 60 mg once daily dosing as safe and well tolerated. ClinicalTrials.gov Registration Number: NCT03939312
Migraine and the risk of stroke in a middle-aged and elderly population: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Acarsoy Cevdet , Fani Lana , Al-Hassany Linda , Berghout Brian P , Koudstaal Peter J , Maassen Van Den Brink Antoinette , Ikram M Kamran , Bos Daniel 
Published: January 2023

Background It has been suggested that patients with migraine have a higher risk of stroke. Despite considerable research on this topic in younger populations, a clear answer is still lacking for older individuals. We studied the association between migraine and the risk of stroke in a middle-aged and elderly population. Methods Within the ongoing prospective population-based Rotterdam Study, the presence of migraine was assessed using a validated questionnaire in a structured interview between 2006 and 2011, which formed the baseline. The association between migraine and the risk of stroke was analyzed using Cox proportional-hazards models with adjustments for age, sex, and cardiometabolic risk factors. Results A total of 6925 (mean age 65.7 ± 11.3 years, 57.8% females) stroke-free participants were included. At baseline, 1030 (14.9%) participants had lifetime history of migraine. During a median follow-up of 6.2 years, 195 participants developed a stroke (163 ischemic stroke). Analyzing the association between migraine and stroke, we found a hazard ratio of 1.44 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.96–2.15. The results were similar for the ischemic stroke (HR 1.50, CI: 0.97–2.32). Conclusion Our data suggested an association between migraine and the risk of stroke in a middle-aged and elderly population, but this was not statistically significant.
The “index vein” as a sign for migraine aura in the emergency setting
Authors: Scutelnic Adrian , Petroulia Valentina , Schraml Lara , Jung Simon , Branca Mattia , Beyeler Morin , Fischer Urs , Wiest Roland , Slavova Nedelina , Schankin Christoph J 
Published: January 2023

Background and objectives To assess the usefulness of the “index vein” for making the diagnosis of migraine aura. Methods 400 patients were included when they: i) presented with an acute neurological deficit, ii) had a brain MRI, and iii) had a discharge diagnosis of migraine aura, ischemic stroke, epileptic seizure or controls (n = 100 per group). Results Compared to stroke (2%), epileptic seizure (4%) and controls (1%), the index vein is more prevalent in migraine aura (17%, p < 0.001). The index vein is highly specific for migraine aura (specificity 97%, 95% CI 95–99). The index vein has a positive predictive value for the diagnosis of migraine aura of 70% (95%CI 48–87). The index vein-score has the ability to diagnose migraine aura with a sensitivity of 94% (95%CI 87.4–97.8) and specificity of 73.5% (95%CI 66.8–79.5) at a cut-off of 4 points. Discussion The index vein serves as a good biomarker for migraine aura in the emergency setting.