bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of liver stiffness measurement combined with risk Scores for esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis
Authors: Huang Ling-Ling , Lin Li-Yan , Zeng Da-Wu , Liu Yu-Rui , Zhu Yue-Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography is a noninvasive test, but its accuracy is easily affected by various factors. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of LSM combined with three bleeding risk scoring systems, namely pre-endoscopy Rockall score (PRS), Glasgow Blatchford score (GBS), and AIMS65 score, for esophagogastric varices bleeding (EGVB) occurrence in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis during hospitalization. We retrospectively analyzed 210 patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis, who were categorized into a bleeding group (70 cases) and a non-bleeding group (140 cases) according to whether EGVB occurred during hospitalization. Significant differences were observed between the two groups in systolic blood pressure, platelet count, albumin, urea nitrogen, LSM, pre-endoscopic Rockall score (PRS), Glasgow-Blatchford score (GBS), and AIMS65 score (all P < 0.05). The correlation analysis showed that LSM had significant positive relationship with PRS, GBS and AIMS65 score. Logistic regression analysis revealed that LSM and GBS score were independent risk factors for the occurrence of EGVB during hospitalization. ROC curve analysis showed that the combined prediction model of LSM and GBS score had the best prediction performance for EGVB occurrence, with an ROC curve area of 0.811, which was significantly better than the three risk scoring systems (P < 0.05), but similar to the predicted value of LSM (P = 0.335). Therefore, the combined use of LSM and GBS score can significantly improve the predictive effect of EGVB occurrence in patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis during hospitalization, and has important clinical significance for patients' prognosis.
The optimal approach for retrieving systematic reviews was achieved when searching MEDLINE and Epistemonikos in addition to reference checking: A methodological validation study
Authors: Heinen Lena , Goossen Käthe , Lunny Carole , Hirt Julian , Puljak Livia , Pieper Dawid 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Systematic reviews (SRs) are used to inform clinical practice guidelines and healthcare decision making by synthesising the results of primary studies. Efficiently retrieving as many relevant SRs as possible is challenging with a minimum number of databases, as there is currently no guidance on how to do this optimally. In a previous study, we determined which individual databases contain the most SRs, and which combination of databases retrieved the most SRs. In this study, we aimed to validate those previous results by using a different, larger, and more recent set of SRs.
Methods
We obtained a set of 100 Overviews of Reviews that included a total of 2276 SRs. SR inclusion was assessed in MEDLINE, Embase, and Epistemonikos. The mean inclusion rates (% of included SRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated for each database individually, as well as for combinations of MEDLINE with each other database and reference checking. Features of SRs not identified by the best database combination were reviewed qualitatively.
Results
Inclusion rates of SRs were similar in all three databases (mean inclusion rates in % with 95% confidence intervals: 94.3 [93.9–94.8] for MEDLINE, 94.4 [94.0-94.9] for Embase, and 94.4 [93.9–94.9] for Epistemonikos). Adding reference checking to MEDLINE increased the inclusion rate to 95.5 [95.1–96.0]. The best combination of two databases plus reference checking consisted of MEDLINE and Epistemonikos (98.1 [97.7–98.5]). Among the 44/2276 SRs not identified by this combination, 34 were published in journals from China, four were other journal publications, three were health agency reports, two were dissertations, and one was a preprint. When discounting the journal publications from China, the SR inclusion rate in the recommended combination (MEDLINE, Epistemonikos and reference checking) was even higher than in the previous study (99.6 vs. 99.2%).
Conclusions
A combination of databases and reference checking was the best approach to searching for biomedical SRs. MEDLINE and Epistemonikos, complemented by checking the references of the included studies, was the most efficient and produced the highest recall. However, our results point to the presence of geographical bias, because some publications in journals from China were not identified.
Study Registration
: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/R5EAS (Open Science Framework).
Detecting Cognitive Traits and Occupational Proficiency Using EEG and Statistical Inference
Authors: Mikheev Ilya , Martynova Olga , Steiner Helen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Machine learning (ML) is widely used in classification tasks aimed at detecting various cognitive states or neurological diseasesusing noninvasive electroencephalogram (EEG) time series. However, successfully detecting specific cognitive skills in ahealthy population, independent of subject, remains challenging. This study compared the subject-independent classificationperformance of three different pipelines: supervised and Riemann projections with logistic regression and handcrafted powerspectral features with light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM). 128-channel EEGs were recorded from 26 healthy volunteerswhile they solved arithmetic, logical, and verbal tasks. The participants were divided into two groups based on their highereducation and occupation: specialists in mathematics and humanities. The balanced accuracy of the education type wassignificantly above chance for all pipelines: 0.848-0.886, 0.855-0.880, and 0.861-0.880 for each type of task, respectively. All threepipelines allowed us to distinguish mathematical proficiency based on learning experience with different trade-offs betweenperformance and explainability. Our results suggest that ML approaches could also be effective for recognizing individualcognitive traits using EEG
Children’s Emotional Reactivity and Negative Affect Predict Future ADHD Symptom Severity Beyond Initial ADHD Symptom Severity: A Longitudinal and Momentary Analysis
Authors: Alacha Helena , Rosen Paul , Bufferd Sara 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often experience significant emotion dysregulation. However, there is limited longitudinal data on associations between multiple aspects of emotion dysregulation and ADHD symptoms. Additionally, given substantial evidence that increased levels and variability of negative affect (NA) are identified in children with ADHD, it is important to examine the role of NA in this relationship. The present study used momentary and longitudinal data to examine the relation between two aspects of emotion dysregulation (emotional lability and emotional reactivity), the two ADHD symptom clusters separately (inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive), total ADHD symptom severity, and NA variability over a period of six months. Participants (N = 68) were parents of children aged 7–12 years old (M = 9.80, SD = 1.34) who completed baseline and 6-month follow-up reports of children’s ADHD symptoms and emotion dysregulation as well as ecological momentary assessments (EMA) of their children’s NA for one week. Results were threefold: (1) children’s emotional reactivity predicted inattentive, hyperactive/impulsive, and total ADHD symptom severity above and beyond initial ADHD symptom severity, but emotional lability did not significantly predict severity of any ADHD symptom cluster; (2) NA variability predicted hyperactive/impulsive and total ADHD symptom severity, but not inattentive severity; and (3) initial ADHD symptom severity did not estimate emotion dysregulation at follow-up. The current study provides novel insight regarding the longitudinal influence of specific aspects of emotion dysregulation and NA on ADHD symptom severity in children and suggests that targeting emotional reactivity could minimize ADHD symptom severity.
Development, Characterization, and Radiation Dosimetry Studies of 18F-BMS-986229, a 18F-Labeled PD-L1 Macrocyclic Peptide PET Tracer
Authors: KIM JOONYOUNG , Donnelly David J , Pena Adrienne , Shorts Andrea Olga , Petrone Thomas V , Zhang Yunhui , Boy Kenneth M , Scola Paul M , Tenney Daniel J , Poss Michael A , Soars Matthew G , Bonacorsi Samuel J , Cole Erin L , Grootendorst Diederik J , Chow Patrick L , Meanwell Nicholas A , Du Shuyan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose:In cancer immunotherapy, the blockade of the interaction between programmed death-1 and its ligand (PD-1:PD-L1) has proven to be one of the most promising strategies. However, as mechanisms of resistance to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition include variability in tumor cell PD-L1 expression in addition to standard tumor biopsy PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC), a comprehensive and quantitative approach for measuring PD-L1 expression is required. Herein, we report the development and characterization of an18F-PD-L1-binding macrocyclic peptide as a PET tracer for the comprehensive evaluation of tumor PD-L1 expression in cancer patients.Procedures:18F-BMS-986229 was characterized for PD-L1 expression assessment by autoradiography or PET imaging.18F-BMS-986229 was utilized to evaluate tumor PD-L1 target engagement in competition with a macrocyclic peptide inhibitor of PD-L1 (BMS-986189) over a range of doses using PET imaging. A whole-body radiation dosimetry study of18F-BMS-986229 in healthy non-human primates (NHPs) was performed.Results:In vitroautoradiography showed an 8:1 binding ratio in L2987(PD-L1+) vs. HT-29 (PD-L1-) tumors, more than 90% of which could be blocked with 1 nM of BMS-986189.Ex vivoautoradiography showed that18F-BMS-986229 detection was penetrant over a series of sections spanning the entire L2987 tumor.In vivoPET imaging in mice demonstrated a 5:1 tracer uptake ratio (at 90-100 minutes after tracer administration) in L2987 vs. HT-29 tumors and demonstrated 83%-93% specific binding of BMS-986189 within those dose ranges. In a healthy NHP dosimetry study, the resultant whole-body effective dose was 0.025 mSv/MBq.Conclusion:18F-BMS-986229 has been preclinically characterized and exhibits high target specificity, low background uptake, and a short blood half-life supportive of same day imaging in the clinic. As the PET tracer,18F-BMS-986229 shows promise in the quantification of PD-L1 expression, and its use in monitoring longitudinal changes in patients may provide insights into PD-1:PD-L1 immuno-therapy treatment outcomes.
The relationship between stress and social anxiety in high social anxiety freshmen: a moderating mediation model
Authors: Zeng Cong , Huo Shuhui , Jin Xi , Li Mengtian , Yin Fei , Yang Xiaoyan , Cao Jianqin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
High social anxiety ( HSA ) freshmen often more experience stress, intolerance of uncertainty and school maladaptation than no HSA freshmen. Nevertheless the association between these factors on social anxiety are unclear. The current study aims to clarify the relationship between these factors on social anxiety in HSA freshmen.
Methods
1708 freshmen complete PSS ( Perceived Stress Scale ), LSAS ( Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale ), IU ( The Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale ), and school maladaptation questionnaires in 2022 and 13.52% of them were identified as HSA freshmen.
Results
Chi-square ( χ2 ) test results show that there is no significant difference in gender between HSA freshmen and no HSA freshmen( p = 0.09). The PSS, IU, school maladaptation and LSAS of HSA freshmen are significantly higher than that in no HSA freshmen ( PSS: t = 12.29, p < 0.01; IU: t = 15.21, p < 0.01; school maladaptation: t = 15.64, p < 0.01; LSAS: t = 46.61, p < 0.01 ). The PSS do not directly predict the LSAS ( β = 0.20, p = 0.38 ), but IU plays a mediating role in the pathway between the PSS and LSAS in HSA freshmen ( indirect mediating effect/total mediating effect = 64.00% ). School maladaptation plays a moderating effect in the pathway between PSS and IU in HSA freshmen, school maladaptation strengthening the positive relationship between PSS and IU ( school maladaptation × PSS: β = 0.07, se = 0.03, t = 2.22, R2 = 0.02, F = 4.92, p = 0.03 ).
Conclusion
This study indicate that the stress has an effect on social anxiety, and IU and school maladaptation have an impact on the pathways between stress and social anxiety in HSA freshmen. The interventions to deal with social anxiety may consider the intolerance of uncertainty and school maladaptation of HSA freshmen.
Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Occupational Exposures to Coronary Hazards - One of the Key Issues to Prevent Cardiac Karoshi
Authors: Wang Jenn Yeu , Chiang Ming Chun , Hwang Betau , Lin Yuh Feng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
The incidence of cardiovascular disease is very high in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and explains poor prognosis and almost half of deaths in these patients. Besides, exposure to occupational coronary hazards predisposes workers to coronary artery disease (CAD). We aim to explore the pattern of case benefits due to death from Bureau of Labor Insurance from 2019 and 2021 and secondary prevention of CAD.
Methods:
Database of PubMed, Document delivery service of Library of Taipei City Hospital, and Google scholar were searched for relevant key words. We also retrieved data from data.gov.tw of our government using creative commons and public license.
Results:
Cardiovascular disease progresses at twice the rate in CKD and is related to death before end stage renal disease. Patients with CKD are prone to cardiac Karoshi. Occupational hazards include overwork, ionizing radiation, dimethylformamide, high temperature work, carbon disulfide, and alkyl lead. High prevalence of exercise intolerance, atypical presentations, and abnormalities of baseline electrocardiogram contribute to difficulty in early diagnosis in patients with CKD. Thus, stress tests other than exercise electrocardiogram are needed in diagnosis of CAD in patients with CKD. Disadvantages, advantages, performance and criteria of screening tests were reviewed. Cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disorder (CCVD) plays an important role of case benefits due to death from Labor of insurance from 2019 and 2021.
Conclusion:
Occupational health physicians should be familiar with occupational exposures of coronary hazards and screening tests and play a key role in early diagnosis of CAD in CKD in order to avoid karoshi due to acute myocardial infarction and cardiac sudden death.
The Features of Thymic Hyperplasia in Graves' Diseases: Relationships between Serum Thyroid Hormones and TRAb
Authors: He Mengfan , Zhang Lu , Zhang Xu , Liu Hai xia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background This study aimed to analyze the clinical features of Graves' Diseases (GD) with and without thymic hyperplasia (TH).Methods Between 2018 and 2020, we reviewed 257 patients with GD. Based on thyroid evaluations and radiological, clinical, and serological findings, the patients were divided into the TH + group (GD patients with disorders in their thymus glands) or group TH- (GD patients with normal thymus glands). Then we compared the differences in clinical and serological features between groups.Results Of the 257 GD patients, 151 (58.75%) were classified into the TH + group. There was no significant difference in gender distribution between the two groups. The patients with TH showed an evident low age preponderance. The family history of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), smoking history, Graves' Ophthalmopathy (GO) incidence, and periodic paralysis was not different.In the TH + group, body mass index (BMI) and TSH were significantly lower than those in TH- group, while levels of free T3, free T4, and TRAb of the TH + group were higher than those in the TH- group. The groups did not differ in levels of TPOAb and TGAb. The significant risk factors for TH in GD patients were free T3 and age. In comparison, free T3 was an essential and independent factor for TH.Conclusion Over half of GD patients are complicated by TH. Patients with TH are younger and exhibits the characteristic of significant hyperthyroid and TRAb-positive status. Free T3 was an essential and independent factor for TH.
Sexual selection on a female copulatory device in an insect with nuptial gifts
Authors: Browne Jessica H , Gwynne Darryl 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Male genitalia are rapidly evolving structures, often driven sexual selection to increase fertilization success. Although sexual selection on females can be strong in systems where males provide offspring care or feed their mates, sometimes resulting in the evolution of female ornamentation, there are no actual estimates of direct sexual selection on female genitalia. In a New Zealand ground weta, Hemiandrus pallitarsis (Orthoptera: Ensifera, Anostostomatidae), females possess a genitalic device (the accessory organ) that is necessary for successful copulation and the acquisition of glandular food-gifts from males. These nutritious gifts are known to result in sexual competition among females in other ensiferan species. In ground weta, the gifts are probably important in avoiding starvation during a months-long period when caring for (their lifetime production of) eggs and offspring. Here, we test the hypothesis that the accessory organ is a sexually selected device in H. pallitarsis by measuring the female Bateman gradient and directional sexual selection on the accessory organ. Using newly developed and characterized microsatellite loci, we analyze offspring and/or stored sperm to estimate female mating frequency for the first time in ground weta. As predicted, we found positive Bateman gradients for females, and some evidence of directional sexual selection on accessory organ length. Although organ length does not correlate well with female fecundity, it may increase mating success by indicating her condition and thus quality of her offspring care.
Repellent activity of Salix alba bark extract and Guava oil-based Formulation against Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) to protect Guava from infestation under laboratory and semi-field conditions.
Authors: Ramniwas Seema , Bilal Tanveer , Sharma Aanchal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Bactrocera dorsalis (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE), the primary pest of guava (Psidium guajava), damages numerous horticulture fruits in tropical and subtropical regions. Use of insecticides adversely affects agro-ecosystem and has environmental consequences. The repellent activity of Salix alba (Willow) bark extract and a Guava oil-based formulation was investigated to protect guava fruit from infestation by the Fruit Fly, B. dorsalis. In laboratory and semi-field experiments, the efficacy of these natural repellents was assessed. B. dorsalis significantly deterred guava fruit treated with S. alba formulation as compared to the extract alone, which exhibited significant anti-feeding activity, and caused a decline in fecundity rate by 60% and larval mortality rate by 90%. When females were allowed to oviposit on guava fruits in laboratory and field after mating, these flies preferred fruits for oviposition that were not sprayed with S. alba-guava oil formulation. GC-MS analysis showed esters and terpenes as the main components for exhibiting repellent property in S. alba-based formulation. Hence, guava oil formulation of S. alba showed a complete protection of guava fruits against B. dorsalis in the laboratory and semi-field conditions to control infestation by B. dorsalis. Further research and field trials are warranted to optimize the application methods and assess the long-term effects on crop yield and overall fruit quality.
Does Eating Disorders and Flexible Dietary Control Effects the Food Craving Arise?
Authors: Ayhan Busra , Mortas Hande , Kose Suleyman , Varlı Semra Navruz , Bilici Saniye 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground It is a hypothesis often thought that food craving may be associated with particularly strict dietary control. However, it is often not thought that a similar situation can be associated with flexible diet control, and even that it can even lead to eating disorder. Therefore, research on flexible diet control and food craving has been very limited to date. Method This study was planned on 500 voluntary adults to determine the relationship of eating disorders with flexible diet control and food craving in adults. Data was collected via Scoff Eating Disorders Scale, Flexible Control of Eating Behavior and, Food Craving Questionnaire. Results Among the participants 27% of women and 19.5% of men are in a position to be considered at risk for eating disorders and totally 55.8% of the participants are not predominantly inclined to flexible diet. As the number of skipping meals increased, the score obtained from the Food Craving Questionnaire score increased by 5,120 while the number of dieting increases, the score obtained from the SCOFF scale increases by 0.322. There was a decrease of 18.766 in the Food Craving Questionnaire score, 1.492 in the Flexible Control of Eating Behavior score, and 0.998 in the SCOFF score in individuals who had been on a diet before. Conclusion It would be advisable to elicit cravings by means of manipulations able to modulate affective states, feelings of control over eating. The goal would be to elicit and extinguish the craving dimensions that might be most relevant to food craving, negative affect and lack of control according to the present research.
Treatment Outcomes for Response-based Radiotherapy in Children and Adolescents with Central Nervous System Germinoma: a Prospective Study
Authors: Zeng Chengong , Yang Qunying , Li Zhuoran , Wei Zhiqing , Chen Tingting , Deng Meiling , Wang Jian , Wang Juan , Sun Feifei , Huang Junting , Lu Suying , Zhu Jia , Sun Xiaofei , Zhen Zijun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The optimal dose and range of radiotherapy for central nervous system (CNS) germinoma have not yet been established. This study aimed to investigate the effects of individualized radiotherapy on the prognosis of patients with germinoma.
Methods
Based on imaging examination, tumor markers, and pathologic results, patients with germinoma received different radiotherapy strategies, including R1 (24 Gy whole ventricular irradiation and 40 Gy tumor-bed boost), R2 (24–30 Gy craniospinal irradiation and 54 Gy tumor-bed boost), R3 (24 Gy craniospinal irradiation and 40 Gy tumor-bed boost), and R4 (30 Gy craniospinal irradiation and 54 Gy tumor-bed boost with 45 Gy to metastatic spinal lesions).
Results
A total of 77 patients were enrolled in this study between January 2015 and March 2021. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of the whole cohort were 94.7% ± 2.6% and 96.0% ± 2.3%, respectively. The 3-year EFS for patients with localized and metastatic disease were 96.6% ± 2.4% and 89.2% ± 7.2%, respectively. The 3-year EFS of patients receiving R1, R2, R3, and R4 radiotherapy were 100%, 94.1% ± 5.7%, 100%, and 86.2% ± 9.1%, respectively.
Conclusion
Compared to previous studies, radiotherapy intensities were decreased without compromising the treatment outcomes in selected patients. This study suggests that an individualized radiotherapy strategy in patients with germinoma based on the response to induction chemotherapy and surgery is feasible and could decrease radiotherapy-related side effects in specific patients.