bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Issues Faced by a Resource-Constrained Stem Cell Donor Registry and Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Their Functioning
Authors: Solanki Hina , Tiwari Aseem Kumar , Dey Nikki , Raina Vimarsh , Sharma Girish 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation activity is growing globally as one of the curative treatment options for many hematological diseases. A stem cell transplant registry plays an important role in such treatment. Setting up a functional stem cell donor registry is quite challenging with several issues such as resources, donor recruitment, donor attrition, ethnicity, lack of support, and impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Aim:
The aim of the current study was to present the experience of a resource-constrained registry in India as well as the effect of COVID-19 on its operations.

Settings and Design:
The present study was a descriptive study which was designed to study the functioning of a resource-constrained registry from north India.

Materials and Methods:
The study data for the period of 2012–2020 pertaining to donor recruitment, number of searches, number of matched donors, number of transplants performed, and donor attrition was collected from the registry software “Prometheus.”

Statistical Analysis:
Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage was used.

Results:
During the past 9 years of operation, the registry has faced several issues pertaining to lack of funds, donor recruitment, donor attrition, and COVID-19 has exacerbated their pain points significantly. The registry has recruited a total of 20,093 donors, of which only 7794 have been human leukocyte antigen typed, with the remaining samples awaiting funding. Out of this small number of typed donors, registry has performed 15 matched unrelated donor transplants for Indian and international patients. As a result of COVID-19, donor attrition was on the rise and showed a peak in 2020. During the year 2020, the number of searches, donor recruitment camps, and donors all decreased considerably.

Conclusion:
The establishment and operation of a stem cell transplant registry necessitate extensive planning and resources. The resource-constrained registries face a number of issues pertaining to effective functioning and future developments. The external support and awareness for the cause can help minimize the pain points of these registries.
Percutaneous Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia
Authors: Agarwal Anurag , Rastogi Shivani , Singh Neha , Singh Manish Kumar , Litin Yasum , Bhasin Sunny 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Minimally invasive and percutaneous treatments are effective treatment options for idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (TN).

Objectives:
Multiple approaches have been described for the treatment of TN. This narrative review has been done to evaluate the current literature on different percutaneous treatment options for TN and to determine whether anyone treatment is better.

Methods:
The literature through a search of PubMed and Google Scholar was done and the review of the citations of relevant literature, and the authors knowledge of the literature and activity in the field. The literature was reviewed to find the preferred technique of preferred percutaneous treatment by different investigators and the difference in the outcome and/or complications and side effects.

Results:
Multiple techniques of such as percutaneous retrogasserian glycerol rhizolysis (PRGR), radiofrequency thermal coagulation (RFTC), and percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) for idiopathic TN have been used by different researchers. Effective pain relief and improved quality of life have been reported to be achieved by all the approaches. RFTC has been the most extensively used method, but PBC has been found to be more suitable for corneal preservation in cases of ophthalmic (V1) division pain. The most common imaging method used by large number of researchers is fluoroscope, though few authors have recommended computed tomography scan guidance for placement of cannula in foramen ovale and Meckle's cave, especially in cases with difficult anatomy.

Limitations:
This review has focused only on percutaneous techniques used by pain physicians. Other techniques such as radiosurgery and gamma knife used by radiologists and neurologists are not included.

Conclusions:
minimally invasive and percutaneous treatments such as PRGR, RFTC, and PBC are effective methods for the treatment of idiopathic TN. Selection of approach is largely dependent on the pain physician's choice, experience, and equipment available and can be used interchangeably; although for V1 neuralgia, PBC has superiority due to the preservation of corneal reflex.
Endoscopic Transcervical Approach for Single-stage Anterior Decompression and Stabilization for Atlantoaxial Dislocation
Authors: Ratre Shailendra , Yadav Yad Ram , Bajaj Jitin , Swamy Narayan M. , Parihar Vijay Singh , Sinha Mallika , Hedaoo Ketan , Shakya Jitendra 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Anterior and posterior approaches are used for the management of atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD). Anterior decompression is required in some patients in whom the C1–2 dislocation is not properly reduced by the posterior approach. It can be done using transnasal, transoral, or transcervical approaches. The endoscopic transcervical approach can be used for single-stage decompression and stabilization that includes an odontoidectomy and anterior fusion.

Objective:
To determine the surgical outcomes of endoscopic transcervical approach for single-stage decompression and fixation for atlantoaxial dislocation.

Material and Methods:
This was a prospective observational study done at a tertiary center specialized for endoscopic neurosurgery during the period from 2015 to 2021. All surgeries were performed under endoscopic control. Data were collected for the extent of decompression, amount of blood loss, operative time, need for conversion to microscopy, and complications.

Results:
The age ranged from 5 to 68 years, and follow-up from 12 to 84 months (average = 46 months). Preoperatively, 54 patients were in the Ranawat Grade 3b, 43 in the Ranawat Grade 3a, and 5 in Grade 2. A total of 42 patients needed odontoidectomy with median C2 corpectomy. Conversion to a microscopic approach was not required in any case. Of 102 patients, 90 improved to Ranawat Grade 1, 7 patients to Grade 2, and 5 patients to Grade 3a. The blood loss was between 25 and 100 ml (average = 68 ml). Two patients suffered from screw pull-out. One patient had re-dislocation and was managed with redo surgery. There was no mortality.

Conclusion:
Endoscopic transcervical single-stage decompression and stabilization is a safe and effective technique for AAD.
Tree biomass – a fragile carbon storage in old-growth birch and aspen stands in hemiboreal Latvia
Authors: Ķēniņa Laura , Elferts Didzis , Jaunslaviete Ieva , Bāders Endijs , Šņepsts Guntars , Jansons Āris 
Published: December 2022

Birch (Betula pendula Roth, Betula pubescens Ehrh.) and European aspen (Populus tremula L.) stands dominate the deciduous forests of Northern Europe. Due to increasing forest protections, more deciduous stands will reach the old-growth stage. Thus, data on the carbon storage potential in such areas are essential. We aimed to establish a benchmark for carbon stocks of the main carbon pools in old-growth deciduous hemiboreal stands. Carbon pools were calculated from measurements in forty old-growth (104–148 years-old) deciduous stands in forests on fertile mineral soil. The carbon stock in these stands is distributed across tree biomass (~ 60%), mineral soil (~ 30%), the forest floor (~ 5%), and deadwood (~ 4%). Living tree biomass and deadwood carbon pools were closely associated with stand parameters: dominant tree species, standing volume and stand density. As the stand ages and tree dieback occurs, the significance of individual large trees to maintain high density and standing volume, thus also the carbon stock of the stand, rises. Reliance on a small number of large trees makes the carbon storage in old-growth stands fragile and easily affected by natural disturbances. It happens at an earlier age for species with a relatively short life span, like birch and aspen. Our data from stands with the limited recent influence of such disturbances provide a benchmark for carbon storage potential in old deciduous stands.
Keywords: carbon pools, tree biomass, deadwood, forest floor, soil, birch, European aspen
The utility of ETCO2 value in predicting the progress of the disease and mortality risk in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: AKYOL Pınar Yeşim , ACAR Hüseyin , KARAALİ Rezan , BORA Ejder Saylav , TOPAL Fatih 
Published: December 2022

Aim: End-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) levels are reflective of the ventilatory and metabolic/perfusion status of a patient, regardless of his/her SpO2 values. This study aimed to investigate the utility of ETCO2values in predicting the need for intubation, ICU admission, and mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
Material and Method: A total of 108 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were included. Data on respiratory parameters (oxygen saturation, ETCO2, and respiratory rate [RR]- with and without O2 [w/wo O2]) and laboratory parameters were recorded.
Results: The need forintensive care unit(ICU) admission was associated with significantly higher ETCO2 values (wO2:27.9 (4.6) vs. 18.6(8.4), p=0.040; woO2: 30.1(4.9) vs. 23.8(6.9), p=0.040). Mortality was associated with higher likelihood of higher RR (wO2:32.4(5.8) vs. 24.6(6.8), p=0.002) and lower oxygen saturation (wO2:92.9(3.8) vs. 95.5(4.2), p=0.025; woO2:87.1(5.7) vs. 91.8(6.6), p=0.013). Presence vs. lack of intubation need was associated with significantly increased likelihood of saturation (wO2:93.1(5.3) vs. 95.9(3.8), p=0.013; woO2:87.6(8.3) vs. 92.3(5.9), p=0.007). Hospital discharge vs. ICU stay was associated with significantly higher ETCO2 values (wO2:27.9 (4.6) vs. 18.6(8.4), p=0.040; woO2: 30.1(4.9) vs. 23.8(6.9), p=0.040)
Conclusion: Our findings revealed the association of decreased ETCO2 (w/wo O2) values with a lower likelihood of hospital discharge and increased likelihood of ICU transfer. Low oxygen saturation levels related the increased risk of both intubation need and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
İmmünglobülin G4 ilişkili hastalıkta nüksü etkileyen faktörler: retrospektif bir analiz
Authors: AYDIN TUFAN Müge , KAŞKARİ Derya 
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada immünglobülin G4 ilişkili hastalıkta (IgG4-İH) klinik tutulum özelliklerinin, nüks oranlarının ve nüks ile ilişkili faktörlerin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza IgG4-İH tanısıyla 36 hasta dahil edildi. Bu hastaların demografik, klinik, laboratuvar, radyolojik bulguları, steroid, immünsüpresif tedavi rejimleri ve nüks oranları retrospektif olarak kaydedildi.
Bulgular: Hastaların %36’sı kadındı ve ortalama yaş 58,5±13,2 yıldı. Remisyon oranı %56, nüks oranı ise %19 olarak tespit edildi. İlk tanı anında pankreatit ve retroperitoneal fibrozisi olan hastalarda nüks oranı daha yüksekti (p=0.001). Tek değişkenli analize göre, nüks ile ilişkili bulunan faktörler şu şekildeydi: Hastalık süresi (p=0.001), alerji öyküsü (p=0.018), sigara kullanımı (p=0.027), eozinofili (p=0.001), total IgE (p=0.005) ve kreatinin yüksekliği (p=0.001). Çok değişkenli analizde ise hastalık süresi (Odds oranı (OO) [%95 güven aralığı (GA)]=1.1. [1.01-1.20]; p=0.016) nüks ile ilişkili bağımsız risk faktörü olarak bulundu.
Sonuç: IgG4-İH’li hastalıkta nüks riski, tanı anında pankreas ve retroperitoneal tutulumu olması, alerji öyküsü, sigara kullanımı, eozinofili, total IgE ve kreatinin yüksekliği ile ilişkiliydi. Bu risk faktörlerini taşıyan hastalarda kombine immünsüpresif tedavilerin tercihi ve steroid dozunun kontrollü azaltılması nüksü engellemekte yararlı olabilir.
Radyoterapi uygulanan meme kanserli hastalarda pandemi etkileri
Authors: CEYLANER BIÇAKÇI Beyhan , TEPETAM Hüseyin , GEDİK Duygu , YÜKSEL İrem , ÇOLAKOĞLU Melek , KARABULUT GUL Sule 
Published: December 2022

Amaç: Pandemide kanser hastalarının immünsupresif olmaları nedeniyle COVID-19 enfeksiyonuna yakalanma riskinin arttığını ve enfeksiyona bağlı mortalite oranlarının genel popülasyondan daha yüksek olduğunu biliyoruz. Çalışmamızda meme kanseri nedeniyle radyoterapi yapılan hastalarda pandemi etkilerini gözlemlemek, COVID-19 enfeksiyonunu ağır geçirmelerini etkileyen faktörleri analiz etmek amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 01/05/2019-31/12/21 tarihleri arasında tedavi uyguladığımız ve takipteki 122 hasta, onamları alınarak tarafımızca oluşturulan 20 soruluk bir form ile poliklinik kontrolleri sırasında değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Medyan yaş 50 (aralık 25-84) olup, 62 (%50,8) hasta COVID-19 hastalığını geçirmişti. Hastaların tamamında halsizlik yorgunluk görülmüştü. Hastaların %86’sı aşı yaptırmıştı. %63,1’i önlem için maske kullanmaktaydı. Vitamin kullanımı oranı %21,3’tü. Hastalığı ağır geçirenlerin hiçbiri vitamin kullanmamıştı (p:0,61). Erken evre hastalarda ileri evre hastalara göre vitamin kullanımı daha azdı (p:0,005). Yaş, performans, evre, hastalığı tedavi öncesi veya sonrasında geçirmiş olmak, aşının yapılış zamanı hastalığın ağır geçirilmesi üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır.
Sonuç: Onkoloji hastalarının radyoterapi sürecinde COVID-19 enfeksiyonundan korunmada aşı, maske ve mesafenin en etkili yöntemler olduğu görülmüştür. Vitamin kullanımı ve kullanılan vitamin türünün COVID-19 enfeksiyonunun şiddetine etkisini değerlendirebilmek için daha fazla hasta sayısına ihtiyaç vardır.
Neuroprotective effect of methanol extract of Capparis spinosa L. fruits in an in-vitro experimental model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: SEZEN Selma , YESİLYURT Fatma , ÖZKARACA Mustafa , BAYRAM Cemil , ALAYLAR Burak , GÜLLÜCE Medine , HACIMÜFTÜOĞLU Ahmet 
Published: December 2022

Aim: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most widespread neurodegenerative disease. This study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of methanol extract obtained from Capparis spinosa L. fruits, which are known to have important bioactive components, on in-vitro experimental PD model.
Material and Method: After collecting Capparis spinosa L. fruits from Alanya/Antalya, methanol extract was prepared by drying and grinding. SH-SY5Y cells grown in flasks were transferred to 96 well plates and were incubated until 80% cell density was reached. Different doses of methanol extract were applied to the cells 30 minutes before the PD model was formed. For the PD model, SH-SY5Y cells were exposed to 200 µM 6-OHDA for 24 hours. MTT analysis was performed to assess the viability of SH-SY5Y cells at the end of the 24-hour period. TOS, TAC, and IL-17A levels in the cell medium were determined using the ELISA method. Expression of TNFα and α-synuclein was defined using the immunohistochemical method.
Results: Cell viability was found to be higher in all treatment groups than in the 6-OHDA group. Moderate levels of TNFα and α-synuclein positivity were observed in the 1500 µg/ml methanol extract group. It was determined that TOS and TAC levels change depending on the dose. It has been determined that the level of IL-17A decreases at low doses. Statistical significance was found between the groups.
Conclusion: When the findings were examined, it was determined that the methanol extract obtained from Capparis spinosa L. fruits reduced oxidative stress and IL-17A levels at low doses and provided a neuroprotective effect by increasing the antioxidant capacity.
Kajian Prioritas Pengembangan Daerah Wisata Pantai Kecamatan Teluk Mengkudu Menggunakan Metode Analitycal Hierarchy Process
Authors: Manurung Nardi , Nababan Esther Sorta Mauli 
Published: December 2022

Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) merupakan suatu pemecahan permasalahan yang kompleks dalam suatu struktur multilevel, dimana level pertama adalah tujuan, level kedua adalah level faktor yang terdiri dari kriteria dan subkriteria, dan level terakhir yaitu alternatif. Langkah awal dari metode ini adalah membuat struktur hierarki dari permasalahan yang akan diteliti. Kemudian dilanjut dengan menyusun matriks perbandingan berpasangan yang selanjutnya akan menghasilkan vektor eigen dan nilai eigen maksimum. Pada proses penentuan faktor pembobotan hierarki maupun faktor evaluasi, harus dilakukan uji konsistensi yaitu CR ≤ 0,1. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk pengambilan keputusan dalam memilih prioritas pantai yang dapat dijadikan wisata unggulan didaerah tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian terhadap permasalahan diatas dengan menggunakan metode AHP dapat disimpulkan bahwa kriteria yang paling penting dalam proses rencana pengembangan daerah wisata pantai adalah kriteria kuliner dengan bobot 0,25 atau 25%, yang kedua kriteria fasilitas dengan bobot 0,24 atau 24% , ketiga keindahan dan kebersihan dengan bobot kriteria 0,21 atau 21%, yang keempat kriteria akses jalan dengan bobot 0,17 atau 17%, selanjutnya yang terakhir adalah kriteria pelayanan dengan bobot 0,13 atau 13%. Dan pantai yang menjadi prioritas pengembangan adalah pantai sialang buah dengan persentasi 23% , peringkat kedua yaitu pantai mutiara indah dengan persentase 22%, peringkat ketiga pantai sentang 21%, peringkat keempat pantai bogak indah 18%, dan peringkat terakhir pantai taluh dengan persentase 15%.

Kata kunci:Metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Uji Konsiteni,Vector Eigen.
Fungsi Pembangkit Momen dari Distribusi Probabilitas Diskrit
Authors: Sitopu Joni Wilson , Siswadi Siswadi 
Published: December 2022

Distribusi jumlah dari dua atau lebih variabel acak. Sementara itu, studi tentang distribusi selisih antara dua variabel acak masih jarang dilakukan, terutama pada variabel acak diskrit. Dari sekian banyak literatur atau buku yang membahas tentang momen faktorial ke-k suatu pendistribusian, masih dalam lingkup yang sangat terbatas, kebanyakan hanya terbatas pada momen pertama dan kedua. Jadi pada artikel ini penulis mengkaji sampai dengan momen faktorial ke-k dari distribusi probabilitas diskrit. Artikel ini berfokus pada perumusan model distribusi probabilitas dan fungsi pembangkit momen variabel acak diskrit, yaitu yang mengaitkan suatu bilangan real pada setiap unsur dalam ruang sampel S yang assosiatif pada percobaan acak. suatu percobaan (trial) dilakukan secara berulang-ulang sehingga menghasilkan sebanyak n percobaan, misalnya munculnya suatu kejadian (event) adalah sukses dan tidak munculnya suatu kejadian tersebut adalah gagal, Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan distribusi adalah metode yang dapat untuk menyelesaikan masalah. Karakteristik distribusi diturunkan melalui sifat-sifat momen faktorial ke-k. Berdasarkan hasil dari pembahasan diperoleh model distribusi probabilitas dan fungsi pembangkit momen variabel acak diskrit.
Imputed Insurance in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Problems, Solutions and Development Prospects
Authors: Kaderova Natalia , Dosmanbetova Manshuk , Leshchinskaya Sofia 
Published: December 2022

The global insurance market, including the market of Kazakhstan, is in constant development and change due to instability in geopolitics, global and national economy. It is worth noting that, despite the growth, the development of the insurance market in Kazakhstan lags behind developed countries. Kazakhstan needs to increase the percentage of the contribution of insurance assets to the GDP structure. This article discusses the main problems hindering the development of the insurance market and, in particular, the development of imputed insurance in Kazakhstan, provides a number of recommendations to eliminate these problems and proposals for further development of the insurance market.
Pengaruh Pemanfaatan E-Learning dan Motivasi Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa SMK Negeri 7 Medan
Authors: Purba Debora , Nura Alfi 
Published: December 2022

The problem in this study is the low learning outcomes of retail business management in class XI students of the Department of Online Business and Marketing where there are still students who have learning outcomes below the KKM. This study aims to determine the effect of using E-Learning and learning motivation on student learning outcomes at SMK Negeri 7 Medan. This research was conducted in class Xl BDP 1 and 2 SMK Negeri 7 Medan with a population of all students of class XI Online Business and Marketing, amounting to 68 people. Data was collected by means of observation, documentation and questionnaires. Then the data collected is processed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS Version 23 software. From the results of multiple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing, it can be concluded that the use of E-Learning and Learning Motivation has an effect on Learning Outcomes. This can be seen from the results of multiple linear regression analysis obtained equation Y= 7,864 + 0,833X1 + 0,323X2. Furthermore, from the results of the study, it was obtained that the use of E-Learning (X1) had a positive and significant effect on learning outcomes (Y) as indicated by the t-valuecount of 3.365 > ttable 1.995 with a level of significant 0.001 < 0.05. Learning Motivation (X2) on Learning Outcomes (Y) with a t-valuecount of 2.099 > t-table 1.995 with a significant level of 0.000 <0.05. Simultaneously (F test) is indicated by theF result valuecalculated of 5.839 > Ftable 3.13 with a significant level of 0.005 < 0.05, so it can be said that the hypothesis is accepted. Based on the coefficient of determination test, it was obtained that R2 was 0.533, meaning that the percentage of the contribution of the independent variable to the dependent variable was 53.3% and the remaining 46.7% was influenced by other factors outside of this study.