bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prenatal exposure to bisphenols and visual impairment in preschool children : a prospective birth cohort study in China
Authors: Li Jinxiu , Mo Caimei , Liang Jun , Luo Xingxi , Tang Peng , Lei Lei , Wang Lijun , Huang Dongping , Qiu Xiaoqiang , Zeng Xiaoyun , Liu Shun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Evidence from animal experiments suggests that exposure to bisphenols during early life may lead to impaired eye development and visual functions. However, population-based study on the association remains very limited. To investigate the relationships between prenatal bisphenols exposure and visual impairment in preschool children. A total of 744 mother-infant pairs were extracted from the Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort in China. Maternal serum bisphenol A (BPA) and its alternatives were measured by using ultra-high liquid performance chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer. Visual acuity in preschool children were followed up in the local maternal and child health information management system. The associations of prenatal exposure to bisphenols (BPs) with visual acuity were analyzed by multivariate linear regression models. Logistic regression model, Bayesian Kernel machine regression (BKMR), and quantile g-computation (Qgcomp) models were applied to examine the single and mixture effects of prenatal exposure to the five BPs on risk of visual impairment (VI).In logistic regression models, the moderate-level BPA-exposed group (OR = 0.474, 95%CI: 0.211, 1.065) and high-level TBBPA-exposed group (OR = 0.451, 95%CI: 0.184, 1.109) had a lower risk of VI than the low-level exposed group, both approaching a level of significance (P = 0.071 and P = 0.083, respectively). When stratified analysis by child sex, the significant associations of moderate-level BPA exposure and VI risk were only found among boys (adjusted OR = 0.230, 95%CI: 0.061, 0.873, P = 0.031). And a suggestive negative association of high-level TBBPA exposure and VI risk was only found among girls (adjusted OR = 0.330, 95%CI: 0.091, 1.193, P = 0.091). Further analysis by using BKMR and g-computation models showed that mixed effects of the five BPs were also associated with decreased risk of VI, with effects-driven primarily by BPA and TBBPA for boys and girls, respectively. Findings from this study do not support the hypothesis that prenatal BPs exposure is associated with increased risk of VI. Further epidemiological studies remain warranted when confirming their associations.
BCR-ABL1 Transcript and Philadelphia Negative T-Cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Bin , Li Qiuling , Li Shouyun , He Jinsong , Li Jiesi , Wang Qi , Hu Bo , Wang Huijun , Sun Qi , Li Chengwen , Tong Chunfan , Zhai Weitao , Mi Yingchang , Yan Zhangsong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL) is a malignant tumor, with most cases derived from T cells and less than 20% arising from B cells. T-LBL originates from immature T cell precursors or lymphoblasts. It is mainly found in the lymph nodes, and the bone marrow is involved in less than 25%. The Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) is the first cytogenetic abnormality related to chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), a human tumor. Together with CML, a derivative rearrangement of the chromosomes between 9 and 22, containing the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene, can be detected in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, this is rarely reported in T-cell ALL/LBL cases. Herein, we report a case of T-LBL with a normal chromosomal karyotype but with a BCR-ABL1 fusion transcript.
Case presentation: A 72-year-old male with no remarkable medical history was admitted with cervical lymph node enlargement of more than 1 month. Physical examination revealed several enlarged bilateral lymph nodes in the neck and supraclavicular fossae. The patient underwent neck lymphadenectomy, with two lymph nodes completely resected. Pathological assessment and flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis were suggestive of infiltration by lymphoma cells. Two weeks following induction therapy (mini-hyper-CVD [C:CTX, cyclophosphamide, V:VCR, vincristine, D:DXM, dexamethasone] combined with venetoclax), flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis of bone marrow cells revealed measurable residual disease, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that BCR-ABL1 rearrangement decreased from 35.13% to 2.71%. The second regimen consisted of methotrexate + cytarabine combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The patient then received targeted drugs combined with chemotherapeutic drugs as maintenance therapy and was in complete remission for 16 months following diagnosis. Positron emission tomography revealed a complete metabolic response after therapy for 4 and 15 months, and RT-PCR revealed that BCR-ABL1 rearrangement was 0.04% after 15 months of therapy.
Conclusions: For older adults with lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma, mini-hyper-CVD combined with other novel drugs provides a promising treatment approach; however, the subtypes of the disease, patient age, and comorbidity profile are all important variables to consider. Further, fluorescence in situ hybridization and RT-PCR testing performed on bone marrow and lymph node specimens for BCR-ABL1 rearrangements as part of routine diagnostic tests are recommended.
Coccidioidomycosis Emergence in South America: Exploring Northeastern Brazil's Epidemiological, Clinical, and Genomic Landscape
Authors: Teixeira Marcus , Eulálio Kelsen , Kollath Daniel , Martins Liline , Filho Antônio , Cavalcanti Maria , Moreira Lucas , Tenório Bernardo , Alves Lucas , Yamauchi Danielle , Benard Gil , III George Thompson , Nacher Mathieu , Stajich Jason , Bagagli Eduardo , Felipe Maria , Barker Bridget , Trilles Luciana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Coccidioidomycosis is an invasive mycosis included in WHO’s priority list. It is endemic and notifiable in the United States but neglected in Central and South America. We used a multi-institutional approach to assess whether disease characteristics, genetic variation in the pathogen or environmental factors affects the epidemiology of coccidioidomycosis and disease outcomes throughout the American continent. We identified 292 patients with coccidioidomycosis between 1978 and 2021 in the Piauí and Maranhão states of Brazil; the largest cases series reported outside the US/Mexico epidemic range. The male-to-female ratio was 57.4:1 and the main risk factor was armadillo hunting (91.1%) 4 to 30 days before symptom onset. Forty-two outbreaks involving two to six patients were observed. Most patients (92.8%) presented typical acute pulmonary disease, followed by disseminated (3.4%), chronic pulmonary (2.4%) and regressive pulmonary (1.4%). The most frequent clinical symptoms were cough (93%), fever (90%) and chest pain (77%). Mortality was observed in 8% of the patients. In 2004, and between 2015 and 2017, we observed a spike in coccidioidomycosis in Brazil, particularly in the state of Piauí. Unlike other main hotspots, the soil is acidic in this region and precipitation (p = 0.015) and precipitation one-year prior (p = 0.001) were predictors of higher coccidioidomycosis rates. The Brazilian strains are genotypically divergent from other described C. posadasii within the Texas/Mexico/South America clade. Coccidioidomycosis in Northeastern Brazil has a specific infection profile and armadillo hunters are at higher risk. Low pluviosity and extensive drought appear key to increasing the number of cases in Brazil. A unique C. posadasii lineage exists in Brazil; therefore, environmental, virulence, and/or pathogenesis traits may differ from other Coccidioides genotypes.
Cathepsin B Promotes Aβ Proteotoxicity by Modulating Aging Regulating Mechanisms
Authors: Cohen Ehud , Siddiqui Atif , Merquiol Emmanuelle , Boocholez Hana , Yan Yong-Hong , Dong Meng-Qiu , Blum Galia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

While the activities of certain proteases promote proteostasis and prevent neurodegeneration-associated phenotypes, the protease cathepsin B (CTSB) enhances proteotoxicity in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) model mice, and its levels are elevated in brains of AD patients. How CTSB exacerbates the toxicity of the AD-causing Amyloid β (Aβ), is controversial. Using an activity-based probe, aging-altering interventions and the nematode C. elegans we discovered that the CTSB CPR-6 promotes Aβ proteotoxicity but mitigates the toxicity of polyQ stretches. While the knockdown of cpr-6 does not affect lifespan, it alleviates Aβ toxicity by reducing the expression of swsn-3 and elevating the level of the protein SMK-1, both involved in the regulation of aging. These observations unveil a novel mechanism by which CTSB aggravates Aβ–mediated toxicity, indicate that it plays opposing roles in the face of distinct proteotoxic insults and highlight the importance of tailoring specific remedies for distinct neurodegenerative disorders.
Prevalence of Alcohol Consumption by Medical Students in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Oliveira Rivando Rodrigues Sousa , Feder David , Souza Luiz Vinicius Alcantara , Chehter Ethel Zimberg 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
This research aims to verify the prevalence of alcohol consumption by medical students from the first to the twelfth semester at the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB) - Campus I.
Methods
This is an analytical, quantitative, and transversal research. A total of 293 medical students participated in the study, divided into two groups: Group 1 with 155 students, from the 1st to the 6th semester, and Group 2 with 138 students, from the 7th to the 12th semester. Two questionnaires were used: a sociodemographic questionnaire with questions about alcohol preference, family alcohol consumption, and psychoactive substance use. The second questionnaire refers to the Alcohol Use Problems Identification Test (AUDIT).
Results
The prevalence of alcohol consumption was higher for the second group, with 63.23% and 77.54%, respectively. It was noticed that in the last years of the course there is a more favorable context to continue using alcohol, considering the stress experienced and a greater overload in the last semesters of the undergraduation. However, based on AUDIT, there was a predominance of low risk for both groups, with 90.97% and 86.23%, respectively.
Conclusions
It was concluded that, although there is a predominance of low risk in the consumption scale, there is a concern that permeates the literature of the area and practice regarding the importance of discussing the topic of alcohol consumption with medical students, since they need to understand the multiple risks present in alcohol abuse as students and future health professionals.
Increased CO2 Fixation Enables High Carbon-Yield Production of the Acrylic Acid Precursor 3-Hydroxypropionic Acid in Yeast
Authors: Liu Zihe , Qin Ning , Li Lingyun , Wan Xiaozhen , Ji Xu , Chen Yu , Li Chaokun , Liu Ping , Zhang Yijie , Yang Weijie , Jang Junfeng , Xia Jianye , Shi Shuobo , Tan Tianwei , Nielsen Jens , Chen Yun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
CO2 fixation plays a key role to make biobased production cost competitive. Here, we used 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) to showcase how CO2 fixation enabled approaching theoretical-yield production. Using genome-scale metabolic models to calculate the production envelope, we demonstrated that the provision of bicarbonate, formed from CO2, sealed previous attempts for high yield production of 3-HP. We thus developed multiple strategies for bicarbonate uptake, including the identification of Sul1 as a bicarbonate transporter, domain swapping and engineering of malonyl-CoA reductase, identification of Esbp6 as a 3-HP exporter, and deletion of Uga1 to prevent 3-HP degradation. The combined rational engineering increased 3-HP production from 0.15 g/L to 11.25 g/L in shake-flask using 20 g/L glucose, approaching the maximum theoretical yield with concurrent biomass formation. The engineered yeast forms the basis for commercialization of bio-acrylic acid, while our CO2 fixation strategies pave the way for CO2 being used as the sole carbon source.
A polyherbal remedy of Chamomile, Cinnamon, Oregano, Ginger, and Anise (CCOGA) combined with physician-prescribed medication is a promising COVID-19 therapy.
Authors: Ali Ayad M. , Rashid Peshnyar M.A. , M.Ali Kamaran , Dana Omer I , Mahmood Asaad M. , Rostam Hassan M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The world has been on high pandemic alert subsequent to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak. In the first two years of the pandemic, there was no definitive treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Traditionally, herbal remedies were seen as a means of treating respiratory infections. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of a polyherbal remedy made of chamomile, cinnamon, oregano, ginger, and anise (CCOGA) on curing the COVID-19 infection.
Methods: This study used randomized, parallel control and treatment arms of COVID-19 outpatients. The control group receives only physician prescribes medications, whereas the treatment group receives physician prescribes medication plus CCOGA polyherbal remedy once a day for one week. The patients were evaluated at baseline and on day 7 for several biomarker tests, including: PCR cycle threshold values (PCR-Ct), total WBC count, lymphocyte count, C-reaction protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2).
Result: CCOGA significantly reduces the viral load in the patients of the treatment arm. In addition, CCOGA significantly improves leukocyte, lymphocyte, and CRP levels in the middle-aged and elderly groups of the treatment arm. Older individuals who did not undergo CCOGA treatment had a significantly higher ESR and lower SpO2 than the corresponding age in treatment group.
Conclusion: The CCOGA polyherbal remedy reduces viral load and improves the prognostic biomarker of inflammation in COVID-19 outpatients, and it may be a promising remedy for elder patients.
Antigen-specific CD4+ T cells exhibit distinct transcriptional phenotypes in the lymph node and blood following vaccination in humans
Authors: Mudd Philip , Borcherding Nicholas , Kim Wooseob , Quinn Michael , Han Fangjie , Zhou Julian , Sturtz Alexandria , Schmitz Aaron , Lei Tingting , Schattgen Stefan , Klebert Michael , Suessen Teresa , Middleton William , Goss Charles , Liu Chang , Crawford Jeremy , Thomas Paul , Teefey Sharlene , Presti Rachel , O'Halloran Jane , Turner Jackson , Ellebedy Ali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 infection and mRNA vaccination induce robust CD4+ T cell responses that are critical for the development of protective immunity. Here, we evaluated spike-specific CD4+ T cells in the blood and draining lymph node (dLN) of human subjects following BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination using single-cell transcriptomics. We analyze multiple spike-specific CD4+ T cell clonotypes, including novel clonotypes we define here using Trex, a new deep learning-based reverse epitope mapping method integrating single-cell T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing and transcriptomics to predict antigen-specificity. Human dLN spike-specific T follicular helper cells (TFH) exhibited distinct phenotypes, including germinal center (GC)-TFH and IL-10+ TFH, that varied over time during the GC response. Paired TCR clonotype analysis revealed tissue-specific segregation of circulating and dLN clonotypes, despite numerous spike-specific clonotypes in each compartment. Analysis of a separate SARS-CoV-2 infection cohort revealed circulating spike-specific CD4+ T cell profiles distinct from those found following BNT162b2 vaccination. Our findings provide an atlas of human antigen-specific CD4+ T cell transcriptional phenotypes in the dLN and blood following vaccination or infection.
Exploring influence factors on regional ozone formation for air quality guarantee by analysis on historical monitoring data
Authors: Huang Yan , Wang Qingqing , Ou Xiaojie , Sheng Dongping , Yao Shengdong , Zhang Shihan , Wang Qiaoli 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Air quality assurance is an essential component of significant events and daily life alike. A comprehensive long-term analysis was carried out based on the observation data of air quality and meteorological elements in Deqing county in 2021, which serves as a sub-venue of 2022 Hangzhou Asian Games during 23, Sep. to 8 Oct. 2023. O3 is the key pollutant that should be take consideration in air quality guarantee for the Asian Games and daily air quality control. O3 exhibited the strongest correlation with RH, followed by Temp and NO2. Extremely high O3 concentration mostly occurred at stricter conditions of high Temp above 30℃, and RH between 30–60%, at the NO2 concentration ranging from 10 to 30 µg·m− 3. The ratio of VOCs and NO2 mostly distributed at 13.0 with an averagely ratio of 28.3. In addition, when NO2 concentration was lower enough, the atmospheric condition belonged to transition zone, while NO2 concentration was higher, the atmospheric condition belonged to NO2-sensitive zone. Historical contemporaneous analysis conducted similar expressions. The results are helpful to supplement and improve the local O3 formation mechanism in the complex environment, and scientifically and effectively guide the rapid, comprehensive and precise control of air pollution for important events.
Detection of distant relatedness in biobanks for identification of undiagnosed carriers of a Mendelian disease variant: application to Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Below Jennifer , Lancaster Megan , Chen Hung-Hsin , Shoemaker M. Benjamin , Fleming Matthew , Baker James , Evans Grahame , Polikowsky Hannah , Samuels David , Huff Chad , Roden Dan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Rare genetic diseases are typically studied in referral populations, resulting in underdiagnosis and biased assessment of penetrance and phenotype. To address this, we developed a generalizable method of genotype inference based on distant relatedness and deployed this to identify undiagnosed Type 5 Long QT Syndrome (LQT5) rare variant carriers in a non-referral population. We identified 9 LQT5 families referred to a single specialty clinic, each carrying p.Asp76Asn, the most common LQT5 variant. We uncovered recent common ancestry and a single shared haplotype among probands. Application to a non-referral population of 69,819 BioVU biobank subjects identified 22 additional subjects sharing this haplotype, subsequently confirmed to carry p.Asp76Asn. Referral and non-referral carriers had prolonged QTc compared to controls, and, among carriers, QTc polygenic score additively associated with QTc prolongation. Thus, our novel analysis of shared chromosomal segments identified undiagnosed cases of genetic disease and refined the understanding of LQT5 penetrance and phenotype.
Physiological and metabolic changes in Selaginella tamariscina in response to desiccation and resurrection
Authors: Xi Yi , Cai Yiming , Li Zhou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

As a typical resurrection plant, Selaginella tamariscina exhibits remarkable drought tolerance and resurrection capacity. However, the mechanism of resurrection associated with the alteration of global organic metabolites in S. tamariscina has not been fully elucidated. Objectives of the study were to investigate drought tolerance and recovery capacity of S. tamariscina based on physiological response and to further reveal potential mechanism of resurrection related to changes in antioxidant defense and differential metabolites under drought stress and after rehydration. Results showed that severe drought reduced leaf relative water content from 90–18%, resulting in extreme declines in chlorophyll content and photochemical efficiency as well as a significant increase in malondialdehyde content in leaves, but S. tamariscina plants could rapidly recover within 3 days of rehydration. Superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase were significantly activated by dehydration and rehydration. In addition, drought-induced accumulations of citric acid and ribitol could be maintained at higher levels in response to rehydration. Although most of organic metabolites were not affected significantly by dehydration (lactic acid, ribonic acid, arabinitol, and erythritol) or decreased sharply under drought stress (glycine, alanine, γ-aminobutyric acid, proline, glyceric acid, vanillic acid, arabinose, and rhamnose), but S. tamariscia has the ability to quickly recover or increase the contents of these organic metabolite after rehydration. Current findings indicated that enhanced antioxidant defense system could be one of the main pathways for acquisition of desiccation tolerance and resurrection capacity, thereby alleviating oxidative damage to S. tamariscina plants. The accumulation of various organic metabolites played critical roles in underlying mechanism of resurrection due to their positive function associated with osmotic adjustment, osmoprotection, antioxidant, and energy metabolism.
Clinical significance of blocking novel immune checkpoint B7-H4 in Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder as a potential therapeutic target
Authors: Raja David , Singh Aishwarya , Kurra Santosh , Nayak Brusabhanu , Kaushal Seema , Sharma Alpana , Singh Prabhjot 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Urothelial Carcinoma of Bladder is complex disease with high mortality and recurrence rates. Current standard regimes have exhibited anti-tumor activity but still, a proportion of patients are non-responsive or in-eligible to receive such treatments. Immune checkpoints have emerged as potential class of therapeutics to be tested in UCB patients. Clinical trials targeting PD-1/PD-L1 axis have been tested in UCB but still a proportion of patients are non-responsive to it which stresses upon identifying new targets. New immune checkpoint B7-H4 has been shown to negatively regulate T cell activity in cancer and is a poor prognostic factor in various solid tumors. In this study we assessed the novel immune checkpoint B7-H4 status in UCB patients. We observed elevated expression of B7-H4 and PD-L1 on CD8+T cells in circulation of UCB patients. Relative mRNA expression and immunohistochemistry displayed upregulation in bladder tumor tissue. Increased expression of B7-H4 along with PD-L1 in periphery and tumor of UCB patients highlights involvement of B7-H4 in disease progression. Combinatorial blocking of B7-H4 and PD-L1 enhanced IFN-γ and granzyme B in CD-8 T cells functional T cell immune response in UCB patients.Also, B7-H4 was significantly associated with clinico-pathological parameters. Our findings highlight B7-H4 as potential therapeutic target for treatment of UCB patients in future after further validation.
Octupole Moment Driven Free Charge Generation in Partially Chlorinated Subphthalocyanine for Planar Heterojunction Organic Photodetectors
Authors: Durrant James , Rana Aniket , Park Song , Labanti Chiara , Fang Feifei , Yun Sungyoung , Dong Yifan , Yang Emily , Nodari Davide , Gasparini Nicola , Park Jeong-Il , Shin Jisoo , Minami Daiki , Park Kyung-Bae , Kim Ji-Seon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In this study, high-performance organic photodetectors (OPDs) are presented which utilize a pristine chlorinated subphthalocyanine (Cl6-SubPc) photoactive layer. Optical and optoelectronic analyses indicate that the device photocurrent is primarily generated through direct charge generation within the Cl6-SubPc layer, rather than exciton separation at layer interfaces. Molecular modelling suggests that this direct charge generation is facilitated by Cl6-SubPc’s high octupole moment (-80 DÅ2), which generates a 200 meV shift in molecular energetics. Increasing the thickness of Cl6-SubPc leads to faster OPD response times, correlated with a decrease in trap density. Notably, PHJ OPDs with a 50 nm thick Cl6-SubPc photoactive layer exhibit detectivities approaching 1013 Jones, with a dark current below 10− 7 A cm− 2 up to -5 V. Based on these findings, we conclude that Cl6-SubPc is a promising material for high-performance OPDs employing a single-component photoactive layer.