bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of ultrasound combined with microbubbles therapy on tumor hypoxic microenvironment
Authors: Feng Yuyi , Qiu Danxia , He Yangcheng , Jin Hai , Chen Liping , Xi Fen , Hu Zhiwen , Xie Yanlin , Li Yucai , Lin Minhua , Sun Pengxiao , He Yan , Liu Jianhua 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionTumor tissues exhibit significantly lower oxygen partial pressure compared to normal tissues, leading to hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment and result in resistance to tumor treatments. Strategies to mitigate hypoxia include enhancing blood perfusion and oxygen supply, for example,by decomposing hydrogen peroxide within the tumor. Improving hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment could potentially improve the efficacy of cancer treatments. Previous studies have demonstrated that ultrasound of appropriate intensity when combined with microbubbles, can improve tumor blood perfusion. However, its effects on tumor hypoxia remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of low-frequency non-focused ultrasound combined with microbubbles at different intensities on tumor microenvironment hypoxia and to identify the optimal ultrasound parameters for alleviating tumor hypoxia.MethodRabbits with VX2 tumors received ultrasound and microbubble treatments at different acoustic pressures and pulse repetition frequencies. The changes in tumor tissue blood perfusion before and after treatment were observed by contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The changes in tumor tissue hypoxia before and after treatment were observed by measuring oxygen partial pressure directly with in tumor tissue and immunohistochemical staining for hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α).ResultsResults indicated that low frequency, non-focused ultrasound at 0.5 MPa/20 Hz and 0.5 MPa/40 Hz, when combined with microbubbles, could increase tumor tissue blood perfusion and improve the hypoxia in tumor tissues.DiscussionThis study provides a new method for improving hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment (TME) which could potentially improve the cancer treatments resistance.
Optimal vocal therapy for respiratory muscle activation in patients with COPD: effects of loudness, pitch, and vowels
Authors: Qiao Zhengtong , Kou Ziwei , Zhang Jiazhen , Lv Daozheng , Li Dongpan , Cui Xuefen , Liu Kai 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundVocal therapy, such as singing training, is an increasingly popular pulmonary rehabilitation program that has improved respiratory muscle status in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, variations in singing treatment protocols have led to inconsistent clinical outcomes.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the content of vocalization training for patients with COPD by observing differences in respiratory muscle activation across different vocalization tasks.MethodsAll participants underwent measurement of surface electromyography (sEMG) activity from the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), parasternal intercostal muscle (PARA), seventh intercostal muscle (7thIC), and rectus abdominis (RA) during the production of the vowels/a/,/i/, and/u/at varying pitches (comfortable, +6 semitones) and loudness (−10 dB, +10 dB) levels. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the condition of patients concerning vocalization, while the Borg-CR10 breathlessness scale was utilized to gauge the level of dyspnea following the task. Repeated-measure (RM) ANOVA was utilized to analyze the EMG data of respiratory muscles and the Borg scale across different tasks.ResultsForty-one patients completed the experiment. Neural respiratory drive (NRD) in the SCM muscle did not significantly increase at high loudness levels (VAS 7-8) compared with that at low loudness levels (F (2, 120) = 1.548, P = 0.276). However, NRD in the PARA muscle (F (2, 120) = 55.27, P&lt; 0.001), the 7thIC muscle (F (2, 120) = 59.08, P &lt; 0.001), and the RA muscle (F (2, 120) = 39.56, P &lt; 0.001) were significantly higher at high loudness compared with that at low loudness (VAS 2-3). Intercostal and abdominal muscle activation states were negatively correlated with maximal expiratory pressure (r = −0.671, P &lt; 0.001) and inspiratory pressure (r = −0.571, P &lt; 0.001) in the same loudness.ConclusionIn contrast to pitch or vowel, vocal loudness emerges as a critical factor for vocalization training in patients with COPD. Higher pitch and loudness produced more dyspnea than lower pitch and loudness. In addition, maximal expiratory/inspiratory pressure was negatively correlated with respiratory muscle NRD in the same loudness vocalization task.
Sex-based variations in breath-holding: oxygen storage and diving response among non-divers
Authors: Pernett Frank , Schagatay Erika , Holmström Pontus 
Published: January 2025

Breath-hold diving performances are typically better in men than in women. However, it is still being determined if there are differences in the physiological responses to breath-holding between the sexes. We conducted a study comparing the maximum breath-hold duration, heart rate (HR) reduction, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and spleen volume and contraction in 37 men and 44 women, all of whom had no prior breath-holding experience. They performed two dry apneas separated by 2 min; the first was limited to 60 s, followed by a maximal effort apnea. HR and SpO2 were measured continuously. Spleen diameters were measured via ultrasonography before and immediately following each apnea. The maximal apneic duration was longer in men (78 ± 19 s) compared with women (61 ± 18 s, p &lt; 0.001), while the HR reduction was similar (women: 16% ± 19% versus men: 16% ± 17%, p = 0.973). The absolute splenic contraction was greater in men (59 ± 56 mL) compared with women (35 ± 28 mL, p &lt; 0.001) in the first apnea, while the relative contraction was similar (women: 21% ± 17% versus men: 23% ± 13%, p = 0.528). In addition, the lowest SpO2 during the maximal apnea was similar between sexes (women: 93.3% ± 4.4%; men: 91.9% ± 4.3%, p = 0.161). We conclude that men have larger spleen size and contraction, lung size, and maximal apneic duration than women. The cardiovascular diving response is similar between sexes for those inexperienced with apneic diving. The longer breath-hold duration in men may be partly due to greater oxygen storage capacity, which results from larger vital capacity and greater spleen size and contraction.
Impact of expressive intentions on upper-body kinematics in two expert pianists
Authors: Turner Craig , Mailly Robin , Dal Maso Fabien , Verdugo Felipe 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionExpression is a key aspect of music performance. Studies on pianists’ gestures and expression have mainly documented the impact of their expressive intentions on proximal segments and head linear kinematics. It remains unclear how pianists’ expressive intentions influence joint angular kinematics as well as exposure to risk factors of injury, such as poor overall posture and distal jerky movements, two kinematic factors linked to injury. The first objective of this exploratory case study was to analyze the influence of pianists’ expressive intentions on proximal and distal joint range of motion (ROM) across different musical contexts. The second objective was to evaluate the impact of expressive intentions on the posture of joints that are commonly injured in pianists, as well as distal joint angular jerk. Methods: Two expert pianists (P1 and P2) performed six musical excerpts (E1–E6) in two experimental conditions: normal condition (including expressive intentions) and the control condition (strictly playing the composer’s notations written in the score with no subjective interpretation). An inertial measurement unit system recorded upper body kinematics.MethodsTwo expert pianists (P1 and P2) performed six musical excerpts (E1–E6) in two experimental conditions: normal condition (including expressive intentions) and the control condition (strictly playing the composer’s notations written in the score with no subjective interpretation). An inertial measurement unit system recorded upper body kinematics.Results and discussionBoth proximal and distal joint ROM increased when pianists incorporated expressive intentions. Participants exhibited more static, non-neutral wrist postures when incorporating expressive intentions (right and left wrist for P1 and P2, respectively), suggesting an increased risk of distal injury. On the contrary, the thorax exhibited more dynamic, neutral flexion postures, suggesting a reduced risk of proximal injury. These results suggest that expressive intentions may impact proximal and distal postures differently. Incorporating expressive intentions also led to jerkier, less smooth wrist movements in lyrical, non-virtuosic musical excerpts (E1–E4). However, in more virtuosic excerpts (E5–E6), there were generally no differences between conditions. Spatiotemporal constraints might explain these discrepancies between non-virtuosic and virtuosic musical excerpts. These results provide evidence of the impact of expressive intentions on the entire kinematic chain, while highlighting the implications of the subjective dimension of music expression in relation to exposure to risk factors of injury.
Evaluation of hypertension knowledge and its association with medication adherence among hypertensive patients attending primary health centers: a cross-sectional study from eastern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Hazmi Ahmad Homoud , Alanazi Abdullah Dhoimi Mureed , Thirunavukkarasu Ashokkumar , Alriwely Nasser Saleh , Alrais Mmdoh Mohammad F. , Alruwaili Alreem Barghash S. , Alnosairi Mona Saleh , Alsirhani Amnah Ibrahim 
Published: January 2025

Background and aimThe global healthcare system acknowledged the crucial role of disease knowledge in health outcomes and improving quality of life among patients with chronic disease. A lack of adequate knowledge and understanding of hypertension, its symptoms, and available treatments can lead to poor treatment outcomes. The present study aimed to determine the level of hypertension knowledge and associated factors among hypertensive patients. Furthermore, we evaluated the correlation between levels of knowledge and medication adherence among them.MethodsThe present study was carried out among 406 hypertensive patients attending different primary health centers in Hafr Al Batin, Saudi Arabia. Participants’ hypertension-related knowledge was evaluated using the validated hypertension knowledge–level scale, and adherence practice was evaluated using the medication adherence and refill scale. We categorized the knowledge score into low, medium, and high, according to Bloom’s criteria. We applied Spearman’s correlation test to find the strength and direction of the correlation between hypertension-related knowledge and medication adherence. Furthermore, we used binomial logistic regression analysis to find the associated factors of the low hypertension-related knowledge among the patients.ResultsOf the studied patients, only 10.3% demonstrated a high level of knowledge, and the highest knowledge levels were observed in the domains of complications (x¯ = 4.39, standard deviation [SD] = 1.20) and lifestyle (x¯ = 3.13, SD = 0.69), while knowledge about drug compliance (x¯ = 0.62, SD = 0.98) was the lowest. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between knowledge and adherence regarding hypertension (rho = 0.268, p = 0.001) among study participants. We observed that marital status (p = 0.032), income (p = 0.042), and absence of chronic diseases (p = 0.001) are associated factors for low hypertension-related knowledge.ConclusionThe study findings highlight a moderate level of knowledge about hypertension among patients, with significant gaps in drug compliance understanding. The positive correlation between knowledge and medication adherence underscores the need for better hypertension education at primary health centers. Furthermore, it is recommended that future prospective studies be conducted within various cultural contexts.
Risk prediction model of cognitive performance in older people with cardiovascular diseases: a study of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database
Authors: Wang Hui , Wu Sensen , Pan Dikang , Ning Yachan , Wang Cong , Guo Jianming , Gu Yongquan 
Published: January 2025

Background and aimChanges in cognitive function are commonly associated with aging in patients with cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this research was to construct and validate a nomogram-based predictive model for the identification of cognitive impairment in older people suffering from cardiovascular diseases.Methods and resultsThis retrospective study included 498 participants with cardiovascular diseases aged &gt;60 selected from the NHANES 2011–2014. The study employed the Minor Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model, in conjunction with multivariate logistic regression analysis, to identify relevant variables and develop a predictive model. We used statistical techniques as in the Minor Absolute Shrinkage (MAS) and the Selection Operator (LASSO) regression model, in conjunction with multivariate logistic regression analysis, to identify variables that were significantly predictive of the outcome. After which, based on the selected relevant variables, we developed a machine learning model that was predictive of cognitive impairment such as Alzheimer’s diseases in the older people. The effectiveness of the resultant nomogram was evaluated by assessing its discriminative capability, calibration, and conducting decision curve analysis (DCA). The constructed predictive nomogram included age, race, educational attainment, poverty income ratio, and presence of sleep disorder as variables. The model demonstrated robust discriminative capability, achieving an area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of 0.756, and exhibited precise calibration. Consistent performance was confirmed through 10-fold cross-validation, and DCA deemed the nomogram clinically valuable.ConclusionWe constructed a NHANES cardiovascular-based nomogram predictive model of cognitive impairment. The model exhibited robust discriminative ability and validity, offering a scientific framework for community healthcare providers to assess and detect the risk of cognitive decline in these patients prematurely.
Peculiarities of cardio-respiratory relationships in qualified athletes with different types of heart rhythm regulation according to respiratory maneuver data
Authors: Romanchuk Oleksandr 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionOur goal was to determine the differences in changes in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory interaction indicators during a respiratory maneuver with a change in breathing rate in athletes with different types of heart rate regulation.MethodsThe results of a study of 183 healthy men aged 21.2 ± 2.3 years, who were systematically involved in various sports, were analyzed. According to the results of the analysis of the HRV study during spontaneous breathing, the athletes were divided into 4 groups taking into account the type of heart rate regulation (HRR). Group 1 (with type I) consisted of 53 people, group 2 (with type II)—29 people, group 3 (with type III)—85 people, group 4 (with type IV)—16 people. The methodology for studying the cardiorespiratory system included combined measurements of the respiratory and cardiovascular system activity indicators in a sitting position using a spiroarteriocardiorhythmograph. The duration of the study was 6 min.ResultsAccording to changes in cardiorespiratory and cardiovascular interaction indicators during controlled breathing with a frequency of 6 and 15 per minute (CR6 and CR15), it is shown that with a pronounced predominance of parasympathetic influences (type IV) in conditions of excessive cardiorespiratory control and moderate hyperventilation, differences in changes in arterial baroreflex sensitivity (δBRLF and δBRHF) are noted in comparison with other HRR. Athletes with type IV at CR6 in δBRLF significantly differ from athletes with type III (p = 0.026) and do not differ from athletes with type II (p = 0.141). In δBRHF significantly (p = 0.038 and p = 0.043)—from athletes with types I and II. It is shown that with the predominance of sympathetic influences (types I and II), the reactivity of BRS (δBRLF and δBRHF) in response to moderate hyperventilation (CR15) is significantly lower. Changes in the Hildebrandt index and the volume synchronization index additionally differentiate HRR associated with a moderate and pronounced predominance of sympathetic and parasympathetic influences.ConclusionThe use of a respiratory maneuver in a combined study of the cardiorespiratory system in the conditions of current control of athletes showed informativeness in the differentiation of HRR types and states of functional overstrain.
Characterization of Clostridium perfringens Phage Endolysin PlyDolk21
Authors: Seo Suyoung , Son Bokyung , Kong Minsuk 
Published: January 2025

Background: Clostridium perfringens is a significant cause of food poisoning. Broad-spectrum antibiotics, commonly used to control C. perfringens, are becoming less effective due to the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains, necessitating alternative control strategies. Methods: A C. perfringens-infecting bacteriophage, Dolk21, and its endolysin, PlyDolk21, were isolated and characterized. The lytic activity of PlyDolk21 was assessed in comparison to its catalytic domain alone. Both PlyDolk21 and its cell wall binding domain (CBD) were evaluated in beef and milk for their antimicrobial activity and cell wall binding activity, respectively. Results: While phage Dolk21 was specific to certain C. perfringens strains, PlyDolk21 exhibited lytic activity against all C. perfringens strains tested. The full-length PlyDolk21 showed stronger lytic activity compared to its catalytic domain alone. PlyDolk21_CBD successfully bound to C. perfringens in vitro and in foods. Additionally, PlyDolk21 effectively reduced the viable cell counts of C. perfringens by 3-log in beef soup and milk samples. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that PlyDolk21 and its CBD hold potential as a biocontrol and detection agent targeting C. perfringens in various food matrices.
In-Match and Out-Match Game Console Network Ping Comparison Analysis on a First-Person Arena Shooter (Case Study: East Jakarta, Indonesia)
Authors: Luckman Bahagia Katherine , Kusuma Felicia , Djajasoepena Rafie , Wandy Wandy 
Published: January 2025

As offline and online game technologies evolve, gaming technology and devices constantly change. Games can be played on PCs or various console machines, including portable and non-portable devices. XDefiant is a free-to-play, first-person arena shooter in which players compete in fast-paced online matches. This research aimed to compare the ping values between in-match and out-match when playing an online first-person shooter game on a console machine. The study utilized a quantitative method using primary data and a descriptive approach, with data collected from June to July 2024. The game capture latency stage involved taking 30 screenshots in 10 in-match scenarios and 30 screenshots during out-match scenarios. Network pings were analyzed during both in-match and out-match. The mean ping during the in-match was significantly higher than during the out-match, with an average difference of approximately 12.77 ms. The standard deviation for the in-match was also higher than that for the out-match. An interesting finding was that the maximum ping during out-match was higher than during in-match, though the difference was only 1 ms. The ping trend increased during the in-match, while it decreased for better performance during the out-match. Despite the varying trends in both in-match and out-match, players reported excellent game performance during the research period.
Retratamento endodôntico realizado em dente com obturação radicular satisfatória e guta percha exposta ao meio bucal por mais de 4 meses
Authors: Travassos Rosana Maria Coelho , Tenório Dourado Chaves Adriane , Guimarães Sampaio Trajano Dos Santos Pedro , De Albuquerque Pontes Mônica Maria , Alves Josué , Batista Lopes do Nascimento Alexandre , Ferreira Lourenço Auad Larissa , Orestes Cardoso Maria do Socorro , Santos Lyra da Paz Eliana , Rodrigues Guaraná Carlos Fernando , Cavalcanti de Araújo Vanessa Lessa , Barreto Silva Luciano 
Published: January 2025

O objetivo no presente artigo foi o de relatar um caso clínico de insucesso do tratamento primário e o retratamento endodôntico realizado em única sessão. Paciente de 52 anos, foi encaminhado ao consultório de um especialista em endodontia para retratamento do pré-molar superior, por motivo protético, uma vez que o material obturador estava exposto ao meio bucal por um período aproximado de 4 meses. O exame radiográfico demonstrou uma obturação adequada. O material obturador foi removido com sistema rotatório Prodesgn e o repreparo com o sistema Prodesign Logic 2. A obturação foi realizada pela técnica do cone único associado ao cimento Bio-C Sealer e a paciente encaminhada para o protesista. Concluiu-se que o retratamento realizado em única sessão determina uma modelagem do sistema de canais radiculares de maneira eficiente e rápida.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ В ВОСПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ СТАДА БАРАНОВ-ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЕЙ С ДЛИННЫМ ТУЛОВИЩЕМ, В ПОЗВОНОЧНИКЕ КОТОРЫХ ЕСТЬ ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОЗВОНКИ
Authors: Малмаков Нурлан , Мусаева Айжан , Омашев Каирлы , Арынгазиев Берик , Оразымбетова Зарина , Бахтыбеккызы Шолпан , Сагдат Елболсын 
Published: January 2025

Вариации позвонков являются важной характеристикой у сельскохозяйственных животных. Целью данного исследования является изучение вариаций позвонков и их связи с длиной и массой туши у овец.
В статье приведены результаты рентген исследовании у овец мясо-сальных, тонкорунных и полутонкорунных пород различных половозрастных групп. Анализ полученных рентген-снимков показал, что у баранов, овцематок и 4-х месячных ягнят встречаются дополнительные 14 пар ребер и 7 позвонков.
Приведены результаты контрольного убоя 4-х месячных баранчиков казахской курдючной грубошерстной породы (КХ «Токан 1») и Етті меринос (КХ «Мерей») от подбора длиннотелых баранов к стандартным овцематкам в сравнении с сверстниками полученных от подбора стандартных баранов к стандартным овцематкам. Результаты контрольного убоя показали, что в обоих породах баранчики от подбора длиннотелых баранов превосходили сверстников от подбора стандартных баранов по выходу туши на 0,89-2,22%, по убойному выходу на 0,41-1,80%, также у потомства длиннотелых баранов были лучшие показатели по коэффициенту мясности 3,46-3,62 и лучшие показатели соотношения белка и жира 1/0,94 и 1/1,11.
На основании проведенной работы сделаны предварительные выводы о том, что подбор длиннотелых баранов на стандартных овцематках улучшает мясную продуктивность полученного потомства, что дает возможность рекомендовать баранов с более длинным телом для дальнейшей селекции по увеличению мясной продуктивности как в мясосальном, так и в тонкорунном овцеводстве.