bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Platelet/lymphocyte, neutrophil/lymphocyte, and red-cell distribution width/platelet ratios for assessment of hepatitis-C virus infection severity
Authors: Abdelsalam Ghada M. , Hodeib Hossam , Elbedewy Tamer A. , ElAhwal Loai M. , Aboelnasr Mohamed S. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Chronic hepatitis C is a global health problem with high cost, morbidity, and mortality. There is increasing need for noninvasive parameters to assess disease severity. Some parameters obtained from routine full-blood count are used as indicators for systemic inflammation. These include platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and red-cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RPR). The aim of the present study was to investigate the utility of these parameters in assessment of hepatitis-C virus disease severity.

Patients and methods
The study population included 180 participants who were divided into four groups. Group I included 90 healthy participants as control. Group II included 30 patients in sustained virus response after 6 months of treatment with direct-acting antiviral agents. Group III included 30 untreated noncirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C. Group IV included 30 untreated cirrhotic patients. All underwent thorough clinical evaluation and investigations, including PLR, NLR, RPR, aspartate aminotransferase to platelet-ratio index, and fibrosis index based on the 4 factors.

Results
NLR did not express significant difference among the studied groups (P=0.998). When moving from the first to the fourth group, PLR showed a gradual decrease being significantly lower in group IV (P<0.001), while RPR showed a gradual increase being significantly higher in group IV (P<0.001).

Conclusion
PLR and RPR were closely related to disease severity in patients with hepatitis-C virus-related liver disease. NLR was not correlated to disease severity in the same cohort.
Pattern of HLA types in renal transplant patients in Sohag Governorate
Authors: Yossef Emad A.M , Salama Eman M. , Elsharif Ahmad M.M.A. 
Published: March 2023

Objective
This study aimed to assess the pattern of HLA types in Egyptian renal transplant patients in the Sohag governorate.

Materials and methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted on all patients and their donors, who were scheduled to undergo renal transplantation at Sohag University Hospital through the period from January 2010 to December 2019. We retrieved the following data from eligible patients’ files: age of the recipient and donor, gender of the recipient and donor, consanguinity, blood group, cross-matching, HLA classes A and B, and DR alleles.

Results
Overall, a total of 26 recipients (70.3%) and 25 donors (67.6%) had HLA-A alleles, while 22 recipients (59.5%) and 26 donors (70.3%) had HLA-B alleles. In terms of the pattern of HLA-A distribution among recipients, the most frequent alleles were A*01/02 (8.1%), A*02/23 (5.4%), A*02/32 (5.4%), and A*02 (5.4%). On the other hand, the most frequent HLA-A alleles in the donors’ group were A*01/02 (5.4%), A*02/03 (5.4%), and A*26/68 (5.4%). Regarding HLA-B allele distribution, all recipients had different alleles. While B*41/52 was the most frequent allele in the donors’ group. All recipients, except two patients, had HLA-DR alleles, most commonly DR*11/13 (13.5%) and DR*13/15 (8.1%). Negative cross-matching was present in 59.5% of the cases. Among female recipients, only A*13/15 and B*27/51/53 alleles were detected.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our findings were very similar to the results from other local and global studies. Different populations and ethnicities are the main dependent variables of the major differences in terms of HLA allele distribution.
Effect of mydriatic eye drops (combined 0.8% tropicamide and 5% phenylephrine) on the measurements of corneal parameters using Pentacam
Authors: Prasher Pawan , Vig Vipan K , Singh Brahmjot , Sharma Rajan , Sharma Ashok 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of the study is to investigate the effects of combined 0.8% tropicamide and 5% phenylephrine on the corneal parameters using Pentacam.

Methods:
The study was performed on 200 eyes of 100 adult patients visiting the ophthalmology clinic for evaluation of refractive errors or cataract screening. Mydriatic drops (Tropifirin; Java, India) containing tropicamide 0.8%, phenylephrine hydrochloride 5%, and chlorbutol 0.5% (as a preservative) were instilled into the eyes of the patients three times every 10 minutes. The Pentacam was repeated after 30 minutes. The measurement data of various corneal parameters from different Pentacam displays (keratometry, pachymetry, densitometry, and Zernike analysis) was manually compiled on an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20 software.

Results:
Analysis of Pentacam refractive maps revealed a statistically significant increase (P < 0.05) in the values of radius peripheral (cornea front), pupil center Pachymetry, pachymetry apex, thinnest location Pachymetry, and cornea volume. However, pupil dilation did not affect the Q-value (asphericity). Analysis of the densitometry values revealed significant increase in all zones. Aberrations maps revealed statistically significant increase in the value of spherical aberration after the induction of mydriasis, but the values of Trefoil 0º, Trefoil 30º, Koma 90º, and Koma 0º were not affected significantly. We did not observe any untoward effect of the drug, except transient blurring of vision.

Conclusion:
The current study showed that routine mydriasis in the eye clinics leads to a significant increase in various corneal parameters including corneal pachymetry, cornea densitometry, and spherical aberration as measured by Pentacam, which can influence the decision-making in the management of various corneal diseases. The ophthalmologists should be aware of these issues and make adjustments in their surgical planning accordingly.
Value of the strain ratio in the differential diagnosis of intraocular tumors by elastosonography: A retrospective case-control study
Authors: Chen Wei , Yang Wenli , Li Dongjun , Wang Ziyang , Zhao Qi , Li Yifeng , Cui Rui , Shen Lin 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
To examine the role of the strain ratio in elastosonography for the differential diagnosis of common intraocular tumors such as choroidal melanoma, choroidal hemangioma, choroidal metastatic carcinoma, and retinoblastoma.

Methods:
This study included patients suffering from intraocular space-occupying lesions and who visited Beijing Tongren Eye Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from June 2016 to March 2020. All patients underwent a physical examination, fundus examination with mydriasis, color Doppler ultrasonography, elastosonography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fundus angiography within 1 week. All patients were grouped as choroidal melanoma, choroidal metastatic carcinoma, retinoblastoma, choroidal hemangioma, and optic disk melanocytoma. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess the strain ratio for diagnosing malignant intraocular tumors.

Results:
A total of 155 patients (161 eyes) were recruited. The strain ratios measured were 39.59 ± 15.92 for choroidal melanoma, 36.85 ± 13.64 for choroidal metastatic carcinoma, 38.93 ± 17.27 for retinoblastoma, 13.42 ± 10.93 for choroidal hemangioma, and 3.84 ± 1.32 for optic disk melanocytoma. The strain ratios of the three malignant lesions were significantly higher than those of the two benign lesions (all P < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.95 ± 0.028. The optimal cutoff point was 22.67, with 85.7% sensitivity and 96.4% specificity.

Conclusion:
There were significant differences in elasticity between the malignant and benign intraocular tumors. The strain ratio using elastosonography could serve as an important auxiliary examination to distinguish between benign and malignant intraocular tumors.
Evaluation of changes in anterior segment morphology using Sirius Scheimpflug-Placido disk topographer following laser peripheral iridotomy in primary angle-closure disease
Authors: Stephen Mary , Kaliaperumal Subashini , Behera Geeta 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
To assess the morphological changes in the anterior segment following laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in primary angle-closure disease (PACD) using Sirius Scheimpflug-Placido disk corneal topographer.

Methods:
This was a prospective observational study. A total of 52 eyes of 27 patients with PACD who underwent LPI were analyzed for iridocorneal angle (ICA), anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), horizontal visible iris diameter (HVID), corneal volume (CV), central corneal thickness (CCT), and horizontal anterior chamber diameter (HACD) 1 week following LPI, using Sirius Scheimpflug-Placido disk corneal topographer. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 19.0, and paired t-test was used to assess the statistical significance.

Results:
Laser peripheral iridotomy was performed in 43 eyes with primary angle-closure suspect (PACS), six eyes with primary angle closure (PAC), and three eyes with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). The analysis of the data showed statistically significant changes in anterior segment parameters of ICA, ACD, and ACV. Post-laser increase in ICA from 34.13° ± 2.64° to 34.75° ± 2.84° (P < 0.041), mean ACD increase from 2.21 ± 0.25 to 2.35 ± 0.27 mm (P = 0.01), and mean ACV increase from 98.19 ± 12.13 to 104.15 ± 11.16 mm3 (P = 0.001) were noted.

Conclusion:
Significantly quantifiable short-term changes in the anterior chamber parameters of ICA, ACD, and AC volume were seen after LPI in patients with PACD on Sirius Scheimpflug-Placido disc corneal topographer.
Role of medicinal herbs in periodontal therapy: A systematic review
Authors: Pasupuleti Mohan Kumar , Nagate Raghavendra R , Alqahtani Saad M , Penmetsa Gautami S , Gottumukkala Sruthima N V S , Ramesh K S V 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims and Objectives:
The use of medicinal herbs to prevent gingival and periodontal diseases has become increasingly popular due to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This systematic review aims to provide the current literature to validate the traditional use of medicinal herbs in the management of gingival and periodontal diseases.

Materials and Methods:
An online literature search was conducted to identify research papers published from 2010 to 2022 in three major scientific databases, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, in June 2022. Original research studies, case reports, and systematic reviews on medicinal plants’ application in oral health care were selected to be included in this systematic review. Only high-quality articles identified in the quality assessment were included for evidence synthesis.

Results:
Initial keyword research yielded 726 free-text articles published between 2010 and 2022. Of these, 14 articles (8 research papers and 6 reviews) were included for evidence synthesis. The review’s findings indicate that the antibacterial property of medicinal plants is due to their alkaline nature and prevents plaque and calculus formation by maintaining acid–alkali balance in saliva. Various parts of medicinal plants help maintain periodontal health. Glycyrrhiza glabra, Ficus religiosa, and Plantago major effectively inhibit primary plaque colonizers and periodontal pathogens. Medicago sativa, Aloe barbadensis Miller, and Trifolium pratense have excellent applications in treating periodontal diseases. Mangifera indica, Pongamia pinnata, the husk of Cocos nucifera, the root of G. glabra and Curcuma longa, leaves of Psidium guajava and Azadirachta indica, fruits of Citrus medica and Punica granatum, Ocimum Moringa oleifera extract, and pomegranate peel extract can serve as a promising alternative in managing chronic gingivitis.

Conclusion:
The anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and astringent action of extracts obtained from various parts of medicinal plants make them effective in reducing gingival and periodontal diseases. Herbal medicine may be a viable alternative to contemporary pharmaceuticals as an adjuvant to scaling and root planning procedures.
Virtual clinical trials
Authors: Ranganathan Priya , Aggarwal Rakesh , Pramesh C. S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Virtual clinical trials refer to clinical trials that take advantage of digital technologies, including computer and mobile device apps, web-based tools, and remote monitoring devices, for one or more of the trial processes, such as participant recruitment, counseling, informed consent, measurement of endpoints, and/or adverse event monitoring, to obviate or reduce the need for participant visits to the trial site. The advantages of such trials may include higher recruitment rates, better compliance, lower dropout rates, reduction in time for trial completion, and lower costs. The use of such trials increased manifold during the COVID-19 pandemic and is likely to continue in the future.
Magnesium sulfate versus dexamethasone as an adjuvant in the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerve blocks
Authors: Ahmed Islam M. , Hassan Ahmed H. , Refaie Bahaa M. , Soliman Fouad I. , Abdelkareem Ayman M. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric (IIIH) nerve blocks help to manage postoperative pain that occurs following inguinal hernia repair or varicocelectomy.

Aim
The study aimed to compare the effect of adding magnesium sulfate or dexamethasone to levobupivacaine for iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerve blocks, in terms of postoperative analgesic length, visual analog scale ratings, first analgesic requirements, and hemodynamic changes.

Patients and methods
The study included 86 patients, aged 20–70 years, who were divided into two groups (D and M). Patients in group D received 9 ml of 0.5% levobupivacaine for the nerve block plus 1 ml dexamethasone (8 mg), whereas patients in group M received 9 ml 0.5% levobupivacaine plus 1 ml magnesium sulfate 10% (100 mg). Postoperative analgesia, visual analog scale scores, and any complications were documented.

Results
Group D had a significantly longer analgesic time. A significantly lower amount of analgesic was consumed on the first postoperative day with significantly low pain score as compared with group M.

Conclusion
The addition of dexamethasone to levobupivacaine for IIIH nerve blocks improved the postoperative analgesia.
Neonatal perioperative resuscitation (NePOR) protocol-An update
Authors: Jafra Anudeep , Jain Divya , Bhardwaj Neerja , Yaddanapudi Sandhya 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Unexpected cardiac arrest in the perioperative period is a devastating complication. Owing to immaturity of organ systems, and presence of congenital malformations, morbidity and mortality are higher in neonates. There is abundant literature about early recognition and management of perioperative adverse events in children, but similar data and guidelines for surgical neonates is lacking. The current neonatal resuscitation guidelines cater to a newborn requiring resuscitation at the time of birth in the delivery room. The concerns in a newborn undergoing transition from intrauterine to extra uterine life is significantly different from a neonate undergoing surgery. This review highlights the causes and factors responsible for peri-arrest situations in neonates in the perioperative period, suggests preoperative surveillance for prevention of these conditions, and finally presents the resuscitation protocol of the surgical neonate. All these are comprehensively proposed as Neonatal Peri-operative Resuscitation (NePOR) protocol.
Anaesthetic management of a patient with Gerbode defect
Authors: de Freitas Gabriela Veloso , Ruiz Gabriela Zamurano Lopes , Oliveira Rodrigo Bernardes de , Delgado Marina Ayres 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Gerbode defect is a rare left ventricle to right atrium shunt that can be acquired or congenital. The incidence of acquired defects has been growing and is caused by previous cardiac surgery, endocarditis, trauma and myocardial infarct. It can be challenging and the anesthesiologist should maintain a suspicion when there is circulatory failure after a cardiac surgery. It can be diagnosed by trans-esophageal echocardiography. In this case we presented the anesthetic management and the successful surgical correction of an acquired ventricular-atrial defect secondary to a previous mitral valve replacement.
Selection of features and hidden Markov model parameters for English word recognition from Leap Motion air‐writing trajectories
Authors: Verma Deval , Agarwal Himanshu , Aggarwal Amrish Kumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAir‐writing recognition is relevant in areas such as natural human–computer interaction, augmented reality, and virtual reality. A trajectory is the most natural way to represent air writing. We analyze the recognition accuracy of words written in air considering five features, namely, writing direction, curvature, trajectory, orthocenter, and ellipsoid, as well as different parameters of a hidden Markov model classifier. Experiments were performed on two representative datasets, whose sample trajectories were collected using a Leap Motion Controller from a fingertip performing air writing. Dataset contains 840 English words from 21 classes, and dataset contains 1600 English words from 40 classes. A genetic algorithm was combined with a hidden Markov model classifier to obtain the best subset of features. Combination trajectory, orthocenter, writing direction, curvature provided the best feature set, achieving recognition accuracies on datasets and of 98.81%and 83.58%, respectively.
Investigation of the effect of some polar organic solvents on the leaching and dissolution kinetics of chalcopyrite in hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid solution
Authors: Taha Osman Abdelraheem Mohamed , Agacayak Tevfik 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT. The effect of acetic acid and ethanol as polar aqueous solvents on sulfuric acid with hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant was studied. A small amount of these polar aqueous solvents significantly improved the copper leaching recovery. The leaching parameters such as temperature, stirring speed, H2O2 concentration, solid/liquid ratio, H2SO4 concentration and particle size were examined. About 76.33% as highest Cu extraction was gained with 2 M H2O2, 600 rpm stirring speed, 50 °C temperature, 1 M H2SO4, 240 min of the reaction and 75 x 53 µm particle size fraction. Further experimental tests were carried out when the stirring speed, solid-to-liquid ratio (S/L), particle size, H2O2 concentration, temperature and H2SO4 concentration were kept constant to investigate the effect of ethanol and acetic acid concentration in the range of 0–2 M. The experimental results proved that the copper extraction recovery reached to 99.03% in 180 min of the reaction with 2 M acetic acid. While 2 M of ethanol increased copper extraction recovery up to 100% in 90 min of the leaching time. The dissolution reaction found to be described by mixed kinetic model and activation energy of 54.37 kJ/mol. Addition of acetic acid and ethanol suggested reaction controlled by diffusion across product layer.

KEY WORDS: Hydrogen peroxide, Sulfuric acid, Activation energy, Leaching, Chalcopyrite

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(3), 779-788.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3.19
Parameters for the conductometric association for lump and nano CoSO4.7H2O in the presence and absence of fuchsin acid in water at different temperature
Authors: Fathi Mohamed , A. Gomaa Esam , E. Salem Shereen , M. Killa Hamada , A.  Gouda Ayman , Hamid Farouk Abdel 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT. For lump and nanocobalt sulfate (CoSO4) in pure water, the affiliation and thermodynamic association characteristics were measured at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. Based on the bulk and nano CoSO4 molar conductance, estimates were made for the parameters of the solvation, such as the activity coefficient, free energy of association, enthalpy of association, association constant, and entropy of association. We discussed about each of these solvation parameters. Two stoichiometric complexes were formed by the interaction of bulk and nano CoSO4.7H2O with fuchsin acid: 1:1 and 1:2 In the case of 1:1 (CoSO4.7H2O/fuchsin acid) compared to 1:2 (fuchsin acid in pure water as solvent), the complex Kf and ∆Gf are higher, indicating simpler complex formation. The temperature increase resulted in a drop in the formation constants. The complexation's negative ∆Gf values demonstrate that the process of complex synthesis was spontaneous and that the temperature improved the spontaneity.

KEY WORDS: Molar conductance, Association constants, Fuchsin acid, Nano cobalt sulfate salt, Formation constant

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(3), 789-804.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i3.20
Effect of Pymarc with NPK 17-17-17 and intra-row spacing on soil and bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) yield in volcanic highland, Rwanda
Authors: Munyampundu Emmanuel , Rukangantambara Hamud , Habimana Sylvestre 
Published: March 2023

Bush bean is the poor families’ meat in Rwanda and grown in many corners of the country. However, unevenness application of organic and inorganic amendments brought soil degradation including soil toxicity or deficiency and low bush bean production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of pymarc rates with NPK and spacing on Soil organic matter, physical parameters and bush bean yield parameters in volcanic highland. The design was RCBD with four replications and the experiment had two factors; Pymarc rates: P0(control), P1(250Kg ha-1 NPK), P2(10 tons ha-1 pymarc+250 Kg ha-1 NPK), P3(15 tons ha-1 pymarc+250Kg ha-1 NPK) and P4(20 tons ha-1 pymarc+250Kg ha-1 NPK) and spacing levels: S1(40cm x15cm), S2(40cm x 20cm) and S3(40cm x 30cm). Results showed that, highly significant difference (p<0.01) was in treatments and greatest improvements were brought out by P2S1 with lowest Bd(0.95 g cm-3), highest WHC(38.34 %) and porosity(42.18 %) at harvesting with mean yield of 3.03 t/ha compared to P0S3 with least values of studied attributes. Highest SOM content was found out in P4S3 and P3S1 of 9.84 % and 9.75 % sequentially. The correlation analysis results between WHC, Porosity, SOM and yield varied from weak to strong (0.4>r, r>0.7), significant (p<0.05) and positive while the same relationship but negative existed between Bd and other parameters. Therefore, sowing the bush bean at the spacing of 40cm x15cm with application of 10t ha-1 pymarc+250 Kg ha-1 NPK 17-17-17 could be recommended to agronomists and farmers from volcanic highland in Rwanda for bush bean optimum yield.