bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The First-Hand Needs of Informal Caregivers of People Living with Dementia, in Residential Care Settings: A Scoping Review
Authors: Moody Chloe , Dixon Jeremy 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundDementia is a terminal condition often requiring palliative care delivered in residential care settings. While informal caregivers (ICGs) are pivotal in care-based decision-making, they have higher rates of physical and mental illness than ICGs of people with other terminal conditions. Identifying the needs of ICGs of people living with dementia (PLwD) is essential, to mitigate these risks and develop effective support systems.ObjectiveOur objective was to understand the first-hand experiences and needs of ICGs of PLwD receiving palliative and end-of-life care, in residential care settings.MethodFollowing the JBI methodology for scoping reviews, electronic databases (APA PsychNet, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed and Web of Science) were searched in September 2024, with no publication date limitations. Thematic synthesis was conducted on the findings of eligible peer-reviewed and grey literature, written in English, and reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR checklist.ResultsForty-six articles were included. There were three overarching themes: “knowledge and understanding of dementia”, “engagement in care-based decisions”, and “coping mechanisms and support for own wellbeing”. Sub-themes presented an interplay between these, demonstrating the importance of understanding dementia, the significance of such knowledge for ICGs to maintain their own wellbeing, subsequently influencing their engagement in care-based decision making.ConclusionCare settings must work towards compassionate and timely support for ICGs, including a stable point of contact throughout admission and should use lay language. Future studies should take a longitudinal approach to understand the evolving role of ICGs, with particular attention to cultural and ethnic needs.What is already known on this topicAlongside care-staff, informal caregivers play a critical role in care-based decision-making and support for people living with dementia (PLwD), but they face significant health and wellbeing challenges, with limited research on effective mechanisms to involve and support them in their role.What this study addsOur study highlights the interconnected challenges faced by informal caregivers of PLwD in understanding dementia, maintaining their own wellbeing, and engaging in care-based decisions for PLwD.How this study might affect research, practice, or policyThe findings identify a need for proactive, compassionate support for informal caregivers of PLwD through navigable resources, education surrounding dementia terminology using lay-language, and consistent communication with care-staff to build trust and stability for informal caregivers.Our scoping review highlights the need for longitudinal research on evolving informal caregiving roles and calls for further research to explore and address the diverse needs of underserved communities, to inform culturally competent policies and practices.
Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan for the Randomized Trial of Sedative Choice for Intubation (RSI)
Authors: DeMasi Stephanie C. , Imhoff Brant , Lewis Ariel A. , Seitz Kevin P. , Driver Brian E. , Gibbs Kevin W. , Ginde Adit A , Trent Stacy A. , Russell Derek W. , Muhs Amelia L. , Prekker Matthew E , Gaillard John P. , Resnick-Ault Daniel , Stewart L. Jane , Whitson Micah R. , Van Schaik Graham W. W. , Robinson Aaron E. , Palakshappa Jessica A. , Aggarwal Neil R. , Brainard Jason C. , Douin David J. , Lyle Carolynn , Gandotra Sheetal , Lacy Aaron J. , Sherlin Kristen C. , Carlson Greta K. , Cain J. Maycee , Redman Brianne , Higgins Carrie , Withers Cori , Beach Logan L. , Gould Barbara , McIntosh Jasmine , Lloyd Bradley D. , Israel Tiffany L. , Wang Li , Rice Todd W. , Self Wesley H. , Han Jin H. , Casey Jonathan D. , Semler Matthew W. ,   the RSI investigators and the Pragmatic Critical Care Research Group
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundEmergency tracheal intubation is a common and high-risk procedure. Ketamine and etomidate are sedative medicines commonly used to induce anesthesia for emergency tracheal intubation, but whether the induction medication used affects patient outcomes is uncertain.Research QuestionDoes the use of ketamine for induction of anesthesia decrease the incidence of death among adults undergoing emergency tracheal intubation, compared to the use of etomidate?Study Design and MethodsThe Randomized trial of Sedative choice for Intubation (RSI) is a pragmatic, multicenter, unblinded, parallel-group, randomized trial being conducted in 14 sites (6 emergency departments and 8 intensive care units) in the United States. The trial compares ketamine vs etomidate for induction of anesthesia among 2,364 critically ill adults undergoing emergency tracheal intubation. The primary outcome is all-cause, 28-day in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcome is the incidence of cardiovascular collapse during intubation, a composite of hypotension, receipt of vasopressors, and cardiac arrest. Enrollment began on April 6, 2022, and is expected to conclude in 2025.InterpretationThe RSI trial will provide important data on the effects of ketamine vs etomidate on death and other outcomes for critically ill adults undergoing emergency tracheal intubation. Specifying the protocol and statistical analysis plan before the conclusion of enrollment increases the rigor, reproducibility, and interpretability of the trial.Trial RegistryClinicalTrials.gov; No.:NCT05277896; URL:www.clinicaltrials.govTake-Home PointsStudy QuestionDoes use of ketamine for induction of anesthesia during emergency tracheal intubation decrease the incidence of death, compared with use of etomidate?ResultsThis manuscript describes the protocol and statistical analysis plan for the Randomized trial of Sedative choice for Intubation (RSI) comparing ketamine vs etomidate for induction of anesthesia for emergency tracheal intubation.InterpretationPrespecifying the full statistical analysis plan before completion of enrollment increases rigor, reproducibility, and transparency of the trial results.
The AMPKα2/PHF2 axis is critical for turning over lipid droplets during muscle stem cell fate
Authors: Cicciarello Delia , Mouradian Sandrine , Pitchecanin Mélodie , Jarassier William , Kneppers Anita , Mounier Rémi , Schaeffer Laurent , Scionti Isabella 
Published: January 2025

SummaryLipid metabolism is a key process required for muscle stem cell (MuSCs) function during regenerative myogenesis. However, the molecular pathway responsible of such regulation is still unknown. Studies of lysine demethylase PHF2 have reported its critical role in lipid metabolism in pathological processes, although there are no data regarding its role during MuSC fate transition. Here we show that PHF2 controls lipid droplet homeostasis in MuSCs during regenerative myogenesis, by promoting the contact between lipid droplets and mitochondria. Consistently, in absence of PHF2, myocytes accumulate lipid droplets, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired regeneration. Interestingly, such phenotype is rescued by AMPKα2-PHF2 phospho-mimetic mutant expression. Our findings provide evidence that PHF2 is part of AMPKα2 signaling and underscore the critical role of AMPKα2/PHF2 axis in regulating lipid droplets homeostasis during MuSC fate.
circAβ-a RNA encoded Aβ175—the hidden driver of β-amyloid plaque formation and deposition in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Mo Dingding , Zhao Yi , Liu Yuxuan , Brosius Juergen , Xiao Gelei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMechanisms that trigger Aβ production in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease are still obscure. We recently reported the expression of a human circular RNA (circAβ-a) encoded Aβ peptide precursor variant (Aβ175). Presently, we demonstrated that AAV9 virus-expressed circAβ-a gave rise to extensive extracellular Aβ plaque depositions and microglial activation in mouse brain; this recapitulates critical pathogenic hallmarks within a sporadic AD mouse model. Specifically developed antibodies detected robust endogenous Aβ175 expression in HEK293 cells and hNSC-derived human neurons, underscoring the potential of Aβ175 as a salient Aβ precursor. Furthermore, we detected high levels of Aβ175 oligomers in young-adult human brains. In intermediate and old-age human brain samples, accumulation of soluble Aβ175 pentamers was reduced and Aβ175 oligomers were components of most insoluble Aβ plaques in older human brain. We propose a causal relationship between human circAβ-a RNA expression, dysregulation of Aβ175 oligomer processing/aggregation and Aβ plaque accumulation in sporadic AD.
Empowering sustainability: green entrepreneurial orientation, innovative strategies, culture and operational performance
Authors: Adiguzel Zafer , Sonmez Cakir Fatma 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThe research purpose is to investigate the impact of green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) on operational performance (OP) in renewable energy companies, with a particular focus on the mediating roles of green innovation strategy (GIS) and green innovation culture (GIC).Design/methodology/approachData were collected through interactive surveys with 338 middle and senior managers of renewable energy companies prioritizing sustainability. The relationships between variables were analyzed using SmartPLS and Jamovi software, which facilitates structural equation modeling.FindingsThe analysis revealed that GEO had a significant positive impact on both GIS and GIC, followed by OP. It is supported by the hypotheses that mediating variables GIS and GIC positively influence OP, and their important role in transforming entrepreneurial efforts into operational success is confirmed.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited to renewable energy companies and findings may not be generalizable to other sectors. Future research could expand the scope to include different industries and geographic contexts. Additionally, dimensional research studies can provide deeper insights into the long-term effects of GEO, GIS and GIC on OP.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest that renewable energy companies should encourage a strong entrepreneurial orientation towards green practices. Emphasizing innovation strategies and developing a green culture within organizations can lead to improved OP, supporting overall sustainability goals.Originality/valueThe research provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the drivers of OP in the renewable energy sector, providing a new perspective by combining GEO with innovation strategies and cultural elements. The originality of the research lies in the application of these concepts to an industry where sustainability is very important.
Gender Differences in Perception of Gender Inequity in Human Resource Management Practices
Authors: Basuil Dynah A. , Agarwal Ankita , Manegold Jennifer , Casper Wendy J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDrawing from social role theory, we studied gender differences in employees' perception of gender inequity in human resource management (HRM) practices using samples from three countries. We examined the relationship of employee gender with equity perceptions, as moderated by (a) the gender composition of managers in an organization and (b) country‐level gender egalitarianism. We expected females to perceive more inequality in HRM practices compared to males but instead found that females perceived less inequity. In organizations with predominantly female managers, females perceived less gender inequity in HRM practices than males, whereas in male‐majority manager organizations, both genders perceived similar levels of gender inequity. Our results also indicated that, in less (more) gender‐egalitarian countries, female employees perceived more (less) gender inequity in HRM practices. However, male employees perceived similar levels of gender inequity, slightly favoring men, regardless of country‐level gender egalitarianism.
Akkermansia muciniphila Mediated the Preventive Effect of Disulfiram on Acute Liver Injury via PI3K/Akt Pathway
Authors: Zhang Ruonan , Sun Xuewei , Lu Han , Zhang Xinrui , Zhang Mingyan , Ji Xuewen , Yu Xinyi , Tang Chengliang , Wu Zihan , Mao Yinghua , Zhu Jin , Ji Minjun , Yang Zhan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAcetaminophen induced acute liver injury (ALI) has a high incidence and is a serious medical problem, but there is a lack of effective treatment. The enterohepatic axis is one of the targets of recent attention due to its important role in liver diseases. Disulfiram (DSF) is a multitarget drug that has been proven to play a role in a variety of liver diseases and can affect intestinal flora, but whether it can alleviate ALI is not clear. We utilised bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiling, antimicrobial treatments, and faecal microbiota transplantation tests to explore whether DSF therapy for ALI is dependent on gut microbiota. Our findings indicate that DSF primarily restores intestinal microbiome balance by modulating the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila), leading to significant alleviation of ALI symptoms in a gut microbiota dependent manner. We also found that A. muciniphila can promote the activation of PI3K/Akt pathway, correct the Bcl‐2/Bax ratio, and further inhibit hepatocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, DSF ameliorates ALI by modulating the intestinal microbiome and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway through A. muciniphila.
Understanding the impact of host plant factors on the oviposition behaviour of the cabbage stem flea beetle (Psylliodes chrysocephala)
Authors: Giguère Thomas , Bailly Valentin , Rey Thomas , Cortesero Anne Marie , Hervé Maxime R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFor many phytophagous insects, oviposition plays a key role in the selection of an appropriate host. A more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing this behaviour in pest insects provides a basis for the development of new management strategies. Herein, the determinants of oviposition were assessed in the cabbage stem flea beetle, Psylliodes chrysocephala (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), an insect specialized on the Brassicaceae family and a major pest of oilseed rape crops in Europe. To this end, a controlled condition experiment was conducted, in which a range of host plants exhibiting varying degrees of acceptability for feeding were presented to mature females. A superior host, Brassica rapa pekinensis, an intermediate one, Brassica napus, and a non‐host plant, Iberis amara, were used. An additional treatment involved wrapping the plants in micro‐perforated plastic bags to prevent feeding on aerial parts. The results demonstrated that contact with the host plant, and more particularly feeding, stimulated oviposition, with this effect being more pronounced in B. napus. Indeed, for the same amount of feeding, females laid significantly more eggs when feeding on B. napus than when feeding on B. rapa pekinensis. Additionally, a sequential experiment demonstrated that the intensity of oviposition is subject to rapid adaptive changes, as it is exclusively dependent on the current dietary conditions, with no influence of past dietary regimens. The quantification of macronutrients indicated the potential influence of plant‐digestible carbohydrates on these outcomes. Further investigation is required to determine the impact of the plant nutritional quality and defences on oviposition.
Daily associations between sleep and alcohol use among veterans: Acute and cumulative effects
Authors: Miller Mary Beth , Wycoff Andrea M. , Tracy Eunjin L. , Moskal Katie R. , Borsari Brian , Bartholow Bruce D. , Steinley Douglas , McCrae Christina S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackground and AimsMilitary veterans demonstrate high rates of heavy drinking and insomnia, but few if any studies have tested real‐world, daily associations between sleep and alcohol use within this population. Moreover, although daily diary and experimental studies among civilians have found negative associations between alcohol use and sleep, these patterns change with consecutive days of drinking and may differ for those with insomnia. This study measured (a) acute and cumulative day‐level associations between sleep and alcohol use among heavy‐drinking US veterans and (b) the extent to which insomnia moderates these associations.DesignSelf‐reported ambulatory assessments occurring daily for 14 days.SettingUSA.ParticipantsHeavy‐drinking veterans (n = 118, 84% male, 79% White, M = 39y) with sleep complaints. Seventy‐one met criteria for insomnia disorder.MeasurementsParticipants completed a semi‐structured clinical interview and baseline self‐report measures, followed by 14 consecutive days of morning sleep diaries. Data were analyzed using multilevel models.FindingsInsomnia moderated day‐level associations between alcohol use and sleep. Heavier drinking was associated with worse same‐night sleep quality among those without insomnia [b = −0.06; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.09, −0.03], but this pattern was not statistically significant among those with insomnia (b = 0.02; 95% CI = −0.01, 0.04). Similarly, more consecutive nights of poor sleep efficiency were linked to lower drinking quantity among those without insomnia [incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.83, 1.00), while better sleep efficiency was linked to heavier next‐day drinking among those with insomnia (IRR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.01). More consecutive nights of drinking were linked to shorter sleep duration, regardless of insomnia status (b = −0.09; 95% CI = −0.18, −0.002).ConclusionsUS military veterans with insomnia do not appear to experience the same negative day‐level associations between alcohol use and sleep that those without insomnia report. However, over time, drinking is linked to worse sleep in both groups.
BRCA Mutation Testing in Men with Metastatic Castration‐Resistant Prostate Cancer: Practical Guidance for Australian Clinical Practice
Authors: Azad Arun A. , Gurney Howard , Campbell Ainsley , Goh Jeffrey C. , Rathi Vivek 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSome patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) possess germline or acquired defects in the DNA damage repair (DDR) genes BRCA1 and BRCA2. Tumors with BRCA mutations exhibit sensitivity to poly‐ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) such as olaparib and rucaparib. As a result, molecular diagnostic testing to identify patients with BRCA mutations eligible for the PARPi therapy has become an integral component of managing patients with mCRPC. There are practical challenges in the current molecular testing pathway in Australia that can compromise testing success. Testing success is often contingent on quality of tissue handling and laboratory processing techniques to minimize DNA degradation and suboptimal sequencing data quality. Greater adoption of best testing practices in Australia can be facilitated with education and greater awareness of expert recommendations. Here, we provide expert recommendations on how to optimize BRCA molecular diagnostic testing in patients with mCRPC. Optimization and standardization of molecular diagnostic testing will support health care providers and institutes in establishing more efficient testing pathways, enabling access to targeted therapies such as PARPi, and improving patient outcomes.
Head‐to‐Head Comparison Between Phosphatidylethanol Versus Indirect Alcohol Biomarkers for Diagnosis of MetALD Versus MASLD: A Prospective Study
Authors: Tavaglione Federica , Amangurbanova Maral , Yang Alexander H. , Tincopa Monica A. , Ajmera Veeral , Richards Lisa , Butcher Christian , Hernandez Christie , Madamba Egbert , Singh Seema , Bettencourt Ricki , Sirlin Claude B. , Loomba Rohit 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe current subclassification of steatotic liver disease (SLD) relies on validated questionnaires, such as Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and Lifetime Drinking History (LDH), which, while useful, are impractical and lack precision for their use in routine clinical practice. Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a quantitative, objective alcohol biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity.AimsTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of PEth for differentiating metabolic dysfunction and alcohol‐associated liver disease (MetALD) from metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in a large, population‐based, prospective, multiethnic cohort of individuals with overweight or obesity.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional analysis of a prospective study including 374 adults with overweight or obesity residing in Southern California who had SLD as defined by MRI‐PDFF ≥ 5%. The clinical research visit included medical history, biochemical and PEth testing, standardised validated questionnaires (including AUDIT and LDH), physical examination, and advanced imaging using MRI‐PDFF and MRE.ResultsAmong 374 adults with SLD, the prevalence of MASLD, MetALD, and ALD was 90.1%, 6.4%, and 3.5%, respectively. PEth had a robust diagnostic accuracy in the detection of MetALD (AUROC 0.81, 95%CI 0.73–0.89) and the Youden cut‐off was 25 ng/mL. In head‐to‐head comparative efficacy analysis, PEth was both statistically and clinically superior to all previously used indirect alcohol biomarkers for diagnosing MetALD, including aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio, mean corpuscular volume, gamma glutamyltransferase, and ALD/NAFLD index (p < 0.05).ConclusionsPEth outperforms previously used non‐invasive tests in differentiating MetALD from MASLD and has the potential to change clinical practice by enhancing the subclassification of SLD.
Analgesic Overdose in Patients With Dental Pain. A Cross‐Sectional Study in Two Dental Emergency Clinics
Authors: Larsen Sofie Krahl , Markvart Merete , Søndenbroe Rasmus , Dalhoff Kim , Jensen Simon Storgård 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDental pain is common, and many patients use analgesics to alleviate the pain. Analgesics are readily accessible, and overdosing may lead to severe complications. This study explores the extent of analgesic overdosing in patients with dental pain. Data were collected from two dental emergency clinics in Copenhagen, Denmark, via questionnaires and interviews with 180 patients. Results showed that 82.8% (n = 149) had taken at least one type of analgesic, and 9% (n = 15) had exceeded the recommended maximum dosage. Of all patients with dental pain, 75.6% (n = 136) used paracetamol, 54.4% (n = 98) ibuprofen, 10% (n = 18) opioids, and 11.1% (n = 20) other types of analgesics. Most frequently, the pain was of pulpal origin (n = 119; 66.1%). Of all analgesics used, most were obtained places where guidance should be available, for example, pharmacies, dental clinics or hospitals (n = 152; 54%). The patients were aware of the recommended maximum daily dosage for paracetamol and ibuprofen in 39% (n = 70) and 41% (n = 73) of the cases, respectively. In conclusion, most patients with dental pain use analgesics to alleviate their pain. A substantial proportion of these patients overdose themselves, potentially putting them at risk of severe systemic complications. This study highlights the need for better patient education and safer pain management strategies.