bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The burden of colorectal cancer attributable to dietary risk in Middle East and North African from 1990–2019
Authors: Pasdar Yahya , Shadmani Fatemeh Khosravi , Fateh Hawal Lateef , Soleimani Davood , Hamzeh Behrooz , Ghalandari Mojtaba , Moloudpour Behrooz , Darbandi Mitra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing in low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the burden of CRC attributable to nutritional risk in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.
Method
The GBD 2019 methods were used to estimate age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past three decades. We evaluated the 30-year trend in DALYs and mortality rates from nutrition-related risks of CRC, from 1990 to 2019 by sex and age groups in 21 countries in the MENA region.
Results
The rate of DALYs/100,000 due to diet-related risks for CRC in 2019 was 79.71 (95% UI: 56.79, 98.44) and 65.16(95% UI: 45.86, 80.95) in men and women, respectively. The percent changes of DALYs/100,000 in men and women were 8.15% and 2.50%, respectively, between 1990 and 2019. The percent changes in ASMRs in men and women were 8.32% and 3.44%, respectively. The highest DALYs and ASMRs were observed in both sexes in the age group 75–79 years and above. The highest percent changes in DALYs/100,000 and ASMRs were observed between 1990 and 2019 in Afghanistan, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan and Yemen.
Conclusion
DALYs and ASMRs attributed to dietary risk for CRC increased in 21 countries in the MENA region from 1990 to 2019. A modified diet with more fiber, dairy products and less red meat intake is a highly recommended strategy for prevention CRC.
The product of PD-L1 expression and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of postoperative recurrence in non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Samejima Hironobu , Kojima Kensuke , Fujiwara Ayako , Tokunaga Toshiteru , Okishio Kyoichi , Yoon Hyungeun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background While PD-L1 expression and the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are prognostic biomarkers for lung cancer, few studies have considered their interaction. We hypothesized that the product of PD-L1 expression (tumor proportion score) and NLR (PD-L1×NLR) might be a postoperative prognostic marker reflecting the immune microenvironment of lung cancer.Methods We analyzed the association between PD-L1×NLR and postoperative recurrence-free survival in 647 non-small cell lung cancer patients using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.Results In the analysis of PD-L1×NLR as a categorical variable, the group with PD-L1×NLR ≥ 25.8 had a significantly higher hazard ratio (HR) than the group with < 25.8 (adjusted HR 1.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23–2.60). The adjusted HR for PD-L1×NLR, considered a continuous variable, was 1.004 (95% CI 1.002–1.006). The risk of postoperative recurrence increased 1.004-fold for each unit increase in PD-L1×NLR, and a more than 2-fold increase in risk was observed for values of ≥ 170.Conclusions The PD-L1×NLR may be used in real-world clinical practice as a novel factor to predict the risk of postoperative recurrence after lung cancer surgery.
Abdominal adipose tissue distribution assessed by computed tomography and mortality in hospitalised patients with COVID-19
Authors: Battisti Sofia , Pedone Claudio , Tramontana Flavia , Napoli Nicola , Alhamar Ghadeer , Russo Emanuele , Agnoletti Vanni , Paolucci Elisa , Galgani Mario , Giampalma Emanuela , Paviglianiti Annalisa , Strollo Rocky 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background & Aims: Visceral adiposity has been associated with an increased risk of critical illness in COVID-19 patients. However, if it also associates to a poor survival is still not well established. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between abdominal fat distribution and COVID-19 mortality.Methods In this six-month longitudinal cohort study, abdominal visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT) were measured by computed tomography in a cohort of 174 patients admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of COVID-19, during the first wave of pandemic. The primary exposure and outcome measures were VAT and SAT at hospital admission, and death at 30 and 180 days, respectively.Results overall survival was not different according to VAT (p = 0.94), SAT (p = 0.32) and VAT/SAT ratio (p = 0.64). However, patients in the lowest SAT quartile (thickness lower than 11.3 mm ) had a significantly reduced survival compared to those with thicker SAT (77% vs 94% at day 30; 74% vs 91% at day 180, p = 0.01). Similarly, a thinner SAT was associated with lower survival in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admitted patients, independently of sex or age (p = 0.02). The VAT/SAT ratio showed a non-linear increased risk of ICU admission, which plateaued out and tended for inversion at values greater than 1.9 (p = 0.001), although was not associated with increased mortality rate.Conclusions In our cohort, visceral adiposity did not increase mortality in patients with COVID-19, but low SAT may be associated with poor survival.
Vactosertib, a novel TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor, improves T-cell fitness: a single-arm, phase 1b trial in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Malek Ehsan , Rana Priyanka S. , Swamydas Muthulekha , Daunov Michael , Miyagi Masaru , Murphy Elena , Ignatz-Hoover James J. , Metheny Leland , Kim Seong Jin , Driscoll James J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Functional blockade of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway improves the efficacy of cytotoxic and immunotherapies. We conducted a phase 1b study to determine the safety, efficacy, and maximal tolerated dose (200 mg po bid) of the potent, orally-available TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor vactosertib in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma patients who had received >2 lines of chemoimmunotherapy. Vactosertib combined with pomalidomide was well-tolerated at all doses, had a manageable adverse event profile and induced durable responses with 80% progression-free survival (PFS-6) at 6 months, while pomalidomide alone historically achieved 20% PFS-6. Following treatment, the immunosuppressive marker PD-1 expression was reduced on patient CD8+ T-cells. Following treatment, vactosertib decreased PD-1 expression on patient CD138+ cells, reduced PD-L1/PD-L2 on patient CD138+ cells and enhanced the anti-myeloma activity of autologous T-cells. Taken together, vactosertib is a safe immunotherapy that modulates the T-cell immunophenotype to reinvigorate T-cell fitness.
CTNNBIP1-CLSTN1 Functions as a Housekeeping Chimeric RNA, and Regulates Cell Proliferation through SERPINE2
Authors: Li Hui , Chen Chen , Tang Yue , Qin Fujun , Singh Sandeep 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The conventional wisdom that chimeric RNAs being peculiarity of carcinoma, and the products of chromosomal rearrangement is being challenged, However, experimental evidence supporting chimeric RNAs in normal physiology being functional is scarce. We decided to focus on one particular chimeric RNA, CTNNBIP1-CLSTN1. We examined its expression among various tissues and cell types, and compared quantitatively among cancer and non-cancer cells. We further investigated its role in a panel of non-cancer cells and probed the functional mechanism. We found that this fusion transcript is expressed in almost all tissues, and a wide range of cell types including fibroblasts, epithelial, stem, vascular endothelial cells, and hepatocytes. The expression level in non-cancerous cell lines is also not evidently different from that in the cancer cell lines. Furthermore, silencing CTNNBIP1-CLSTN1 significantly reduces cell proliferation rate, by inducing G2/M arrest in cell cycle progress and apoptosis in at least three cell types. Importantly, rescue experiments confirmed that the cell cycle arrest can be regained by exogenous expression of the chimera, but not the wild type parental gene. Further evidence is provided that CTNNBIP1-CLSTN1 regulates cell proliferation through SERPINE2. Thus, CTNNBIP1-CLSTN1 represents an example of a new class of fusion RNA, dubbed “housekeeping chimeric RNAs”.
Common Predictors of cervical cancer related mortality in Ethiopia. A systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hambisa Hunduma Dina , Asfaha Berhane Teklay , Ambisa Biniam , Gudeta Abebech 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer is caused by oncogenic subtypes of the human papillomavirus for 7.5% of all women cancer deaths worldwide; peaking between the ages of 35 and 65, and not only kills young women but also makes orphan children.
Objective
This review was intended to measure national level magnitude and the most common predictors of cervical cancer related mortality in Ethiopia.
Methods
Common Public databases like Science Direct, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed were thoroughly searched. The STATA 14 and Rev-Manager 5.3 statistical software packages were used for analysis, as well as a standardized data abstraction tool created in Microsoft Excel. The Cochrane Q-test statistics and the I2 test were used to assess non-uniformity. The pooled magnitude and predictors of cervical cancer related mortality were estimated using fixed-effect and random-effect models, respectively.
Result
The pooled mortality among cervical cancer patients was estimated that 16.39% at 95% confidence level fall in 13.89–18.88% in Ethiopia. The most common predictors of cervical cancer related mortality were late diagnosed, radiation therapy alone, and Being anemic were identified by this review. Among cervical cancer treatment modalities effectiveness of surgery with adjuvant therapy was also approved in this meta-analysis.
Conclusion and recommendation:
When compared to other countries, significant cervical cancer-related mortality was reported. Encouragement of cervical cancer screening at the national level for early diagnosis, anaemia detection, and treatment during anticancer initiation, as well as combination therapy, is critical to improving cervical cancer patient survival and decreasing mortality rates.
The oral microbiota disorder in the GC patients revealed by 2bRAD-M
Authors: He Shengfu , Sun Yating , Sun Weijie , Tang Mingyang , Meng Bao , Liu Yanyan , Kong Qinxiang , Li Yongxiang , Li Jiabin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Microbiota alterations are linked with gastric cancer (GC). However, the relationship between the oral microbiota (especially oral fungi) and GC is not known. In this study, we aimed to apply 2bRAD-M to characterize the oral microbiota in GC.
Methods
We performed 2bRAD-M analysis in saliva and tongue coating of GC patients and healthy controls. We carried out the diversity, relative abundance, and composition analyses of saliva and tongue coating bacteria and fungi of the two groups. In addition, indicator analysis, the Gini index, and the mean decrease accuracy were used to find GC oral fungal indicator.
Results
In this study, fungi imbalance of saliva and tongue coating were observed in GC group. At the species level, enriched salivary and tongue coating Malassezia globosa (M. globosa) and decreased Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) were observed in the GC group. Random forest analysis indicated that salivary and tongue coating M. globosa could serve as a biomarker to diagnose gastric cancer. The Gini index and mean decrease in accuracy of saliva and tongue coating M. globosa are the largest. In addition, Saliva and tongue coating M. globosa classified GC from the control with an area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.976 and 0.846, respectively. Further ecological analysis revealed the correlations between oral bacterial and fungi.
Conclusion
For the first time, our data suggested that changes in oral fungi between GC and control may help deepen our understanding of the complex spectrum of the different microbiotas involved in the GC development. Although the cohort size is small, this study is the first to use 2bRAD-M to reveal that oral M. globosa can be a fungal biomarker for detecting GC.
Is switching intravesical chemotherapeutic agent beneficial in short-term recurrent high-risk non-muscle- invasive bladder tumors? A 5-year retrospective study
Authors: Chen Shuaiqi , Sun Guangyu , Chen Xiaoxu , Salgado Tiyara , Wu Shangrong , Hu Hailong , Liu Ranlu , Qie Yunkai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective: To assess whether switching intravesical chemotherapeutic agent is beneficial in short-term recurrent high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) after failure of previous intravesical therapy.
Materials and methods: From June 2010 to October 2015, 215 patients with NMIBC, who had tumor recurrence within one year of first-line drugs for Intravesical chemotherapy (IVC), were assigned to two groups. After a second time complete TUR treatment, we immediately changed the intravesical instillation agent for 107 patients (group A), whereas the other 98 patients continued to use their original intravesical instillation agent (group B - control group). All patients received an immediate instillation of epirubicin (EPI), gemcitabine (Gem) or hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) after TURBT and followed by regularly induction plus maintenance instillations. Recurrence rate and progression rate were assessed by Chi-square test, while recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method.
Results: In this study, the recurrence rate was 49.5% (53/107) in group A and 50.0% (49/98) in group B, while progression rate was 18.7% (21/107) in group A and 23.5% (23/98) in group B. Neither recurrence nor progression rates showed any significant differences between the two groups. Median progression interval between two groups were 24 months and 17 months, respectively (p=0.044). Average progression time between two groups were 28.7months and 19.3 months, respectively (p=0.035). In the Kaplan–Meier plot, no difference was found with respect to recurrence-free survival and progression-free survival. Moreover, univariate analysis suggested that only tumor grade could be an independent risk factor related to recurrence (HR = 0.632; 95% CI 0.425-0.942; p = 0.024), while the presence of carcinoma in situ may be an independent risk factor related to progression (HR=0.159; 95% CI 0.037-0.683; p=0.013).
Conclusions: Switching IVC agent can significantly prolong time of progression in patients with short-term recurrent high-risk NMIBC who are unavailability or unsuitability for BCG instillation. Furthermore, the finding may provide a new basis for drug selection in combination IVC.
Transcriptional knock-down of mstn encoding myostatin improves muscle quality of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Wang Qingchun , Yan Yue , Tao Yifan , Lu Siqi , Xu Pao , Qiang Jun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Myostatin (encoded by mstn) negatively regulates skeletal muscle mass and affects lipid metabolism. Relieving the inhibitory effect of mstn on growth can improve the muscle yield of teleost fishes. To explore the regulatory effects of mstn on muscle development and lipid metabolism in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), we used antisense RNA to transcriptionally knock-down mstn. At 180 d, the body weight and body length were significantly higher in the mstn-knock-down group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Hematoxylin–eosin staining revealed that fish in the mstn-knock-down group exhibited myofiber hyperplasia but not hypertrophy. Oil red O staining revealed a remarkable increase in the area of lipid droplets in muscle in the mstn-knock-down group compared with that in the control group (p < 0.05). Nutrient composition analyses of muscle tissue showed that the crude fat content was significantly increased in the mstn-knock-down group (p < 0.05). The contents of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were all significantly increased in the mstn-knock-down group (p < 0.05). Comparative transcriptome analyses revealed 2,420 significant differentially expressed genes between the mstn-knock-down group and the control group, including 1,055 up-regulated genes and 1,365 down-regulated genes. Among them, genes related to myoblast differentiation and lipid metabolism were enriched in fatty acid degradation, glycerolipid metabolism, and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathways. The accuracy of the RNA-seq data was confirmed by qRT-PCR analyses. Our results indicate that disruptions to fatty acid degradation, glycerolipid metabolism, and the PPAR signaling pathway affect muscle development and lipid metabolism in mstn-knock-down Nile tilapia: acaa2, eci1, and lepr were remarkably up-regulated, and acadvl, lpl, foxo3, myod1, myog, and myf5 were significantly down-regulated (p < 0.05). These results show that knock-down of mstn results in abnormal lipid metabolism, acceleration of skeletal muscle development, and increased adipogenesis and weight gain in Nile tilapia.
Prognostic significance of peripheral blood S100A12, S100A8, S100A9 concentrations in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Ding Dongyan , Luan Rumei , Xue Qianfei , Yang Junling 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
S100A12, S100A8, and S100A9 are considered to be biomarkers of inflammatory diseases; however, their roles in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) remain unclear. In this study, the levels of S100A12, S100A8, and S100A9 in the serum of patients with IPF were analyzed to evaluate the significance of these three factors in the development and prognosis of IPF.
Methods
Differentially expressed genes were screened using the GEO2R tool. Serum S100A12 and S100A8/9 protein levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Kaplan–Meier analysis, Cox regression analysis, and functional enrichment analysis were used to evaluate the relationship between these protein levels and clinical parameters or prognosis.
Results
The most important genes co-expressed with S100A12 were S100A8 and S100A9. Serum S100A12, S100A8, and S100A9 concentrations in patients with IPF were significantly higher than those in age-matched healthy controls. The prognosis of patients with IPF with higher serum S100A12, S100A8, and S100A9 concentrations was significantly worse than that of those with lower serum concentrations.
Conclusions
Serum S100A12, S100A8, and S100A9 are promising circulating biomarkers that may provide potentially valuable clinical aid for the prognosis of patients with IPF. However, further multicenter clinical trials with larger sample sizes are needed in the future to confirm their clinical application value.
Analysis of phytoplasma-infected Chinese cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl.) based on intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) and methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP)
Authors: Cai Junjie , Li Jihan , Chen Silei , Wang Weixing , Li Chunyan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Chinese cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus Lindl.) is a fruit crop that is susceptible to phytoplasma infection, which causes symptoms such as virescence, phyllody, sterility and stiff fruit. To investigate the effects of phytoplasma infection on the genome and DNA methylation of Chinese cherry, we performed inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) analyses on the leaves and floral organs of healthy and infected plants from Qijiang District of Chongqing.
Results
ISSR analysis revealed no significant differences in the genomic DNA of leaves and floral organs between healthy and infected plants, suggesting that phytoplasma infection did not induce genomic mutations. MSAP analysis showed that phytoplasma infection caused epigenetic variations in both leaves and floral organs, with different degrees of DNA methylation and demethylation. These epigenetic changes may affect gene expression and lead to abnormal plant development.
Conclusions
This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of Chinese cherry phytoplasma disease and fruit development. Potential candidate genes associated with hard fruit formation were also identified, which may be useful for future research in this area.
Risk factors for 90-day readmission in metastatic spine tumors in South Korea: A nationwide population-based study from 2012 to 2019
Authors: Cho Pyung Goo , Noh Sung Hyun , Kim Sang Hyun , Kim Hyung Cheol 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Population-based studies on the cause of readmission within 90 days after surgery or radiotherapy for metastatic spine tumors are scarce. We aimed to investigate the risk factors for readmission within 90 days after initial surgical or radiation treatment for metastatic spine tumors. Patients who were diagnosed with metastatic spine tumors between 2012 and 2019 and who underwent spinal magnetic resonance imaging within 1 year were classified according to treatment (surgical or radiotherapy), and the causes for the 90-day readmission and patient characteristics were compared. Overall, 15,815 patients (surgical group, 13,974 patients; radiotherapy group, 1,841 patients) were evaluated. Radiotherapy was preferred in younger and male patients with high Charlson comorbidity index (CCI). Meanwhile, surgery was mainly performed in patients with lumbar metastasis. Radiotherapy, age 30–69 years, male sex, and CCI > 1 were risk factors for 90-day readmission. The main cause of 90-day readmissions included tumor recurrence, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and treatment of other organ metastasis with radiotherapy. Patients with lung, breast, liver, and colorectal origin and treated with radiotherapy had a high 90-day readmission rate. Radiotherapy, age 30–69 years, male sex, and CCI > 1 increase the risk for 90-day readmission in patients with metastatic spine tumors.
Assessing the Conservation Status of Invasive Acomys cilicicus: Conservation Taxonomic Unit or Distinct Species?
Authors: MATUR FERHAT , ÇETİNTAŞ Ortaç , Çolak Faruk , EKMEN Hamza , MUSTAFAOĞLU Gökhan , SÖZEN Mustafa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Acomys cilicicus is a rodent species endemic to Turkey, with a highly restricted distribution. However, there have been doubts regarding its taxonomic validity as a distinct species. Previous studies investigating the phylogeny of A. cilicicus have been unable to provide conclusive data to address this validity issue, primarily due to their reliance on two specimens from a single locality. In this study, we expanded the sample size to include 16 specimens from 5 different localities and conducted sequencing of a mitochondrial DNA gene region (cyt-b). Initial analysis of genetic distances revealed a close relationship between cilicicus, minous, and nesiotes. To further explore the phylogenetic relationships, we incorporated additional mtDNA sequences from GenBank into our analysis, resulting in the construction of a phylogenetic tree. Our findings demonstrate that cilicicus forms a distinct clade, supporting its status as a separate species. Moreover, the cilicicus clade was identified as the sister clade of A. minous. By estimating the divergence time, we determined that cilicicus diverged from its closest relative, minous, approximately 170 thousand years ago. Additionally, based on our sequence data, we propose a hypothesis suggesting that cilicicus might have been introduced to Anatolia from Crete during the Lower Palaeolithic era. We further discussed the inferred migration pathways of the Mediterranean region based on clade formation and migration analysis.