bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fresh 3D Printing of Double Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid/Pectin Hydrogels
Authors: Catori Daniele M. , Lorevice Marcos V. , da Silva Laura C. E. , Candido Geovany , Millás Ana L. G. , de Oliveira Marcelo G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract3D printing has emerged as a first‐line approach for the fabrication of complex structures. In the biomedical field, extrusion‐based is the most popular printing technique. However, a limited range of biocompatible printable inks is available for this technique because, typically, low‐viscosity inks are not printable, or the resulting constructs are unable to self‐support. In this work, use of the Freeform Reversible Embedding of Suspended Hydrogels (FRESH) extrusion‐based technique to fabricate self‐supported 3D constructs from low‐viscosity polysaccharide inks composed of methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HA(GM)) and methacrylated pectin (PEC(GM)) is aimed. The use of a support bath of gelatin slurry to sustain the extruded filaments during both printing and post curing allows reaching a shape fidelity so far unreported for low‐viscosity polysaccharide inks. Moreover, the methacrylate groups of HA(GM) and PEC(GM) lead to double crosslinked hydrogels, where the calcium ions added to the gelatin slurry promote the ionotropic gelation of PEC(GM), while the methacrylate groups of both PEC(GM) and HA(GM) promote their photocrosslinking after UV irradiation. The resulting 3D constructs exhibit elastic modulus in the range of 0.5–2.3 kPa, which is suitable for the 3D printing of constructs for soft tissue repair or substitution.
Analysis of optimal preconditioners for CutFEM
Authors: Gross Sven , Reusken Arnold 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, we consider a class of unfitted finite element methods for scalar elliptic problems. These so‐called CutFEM methods use standard finite element spaces on a fixed unfitted triangulation combined with the Nitsche technique and a ghost penalty stabilization. As a model problem we consider the application of such a method to the Poisson interface problem. We introduce and analyze a new class of preconditioners that is based on a subspace decomposition approach. The unfitted finite element space is split into two subspaces, where one subspace is the standard finite element space associated to the background mesh and the second subspace is spanned by all cut basis functions corresponding to nodes on the cut elements. We will show that this splitting is stable, uniformly in the discretization parameter and in the location of the interface in the triangulation. Based on this we introduce an efficient preconditioner that is uniformly spectrally equivalent to the stiffness matrix. Using a similar splitting, it is shown that the same preconditioning approach can also be applied to a fictitious domain CutFEM discretization of the Poisson equation. Results of numerical experiments are included that illustrate optimality of such preconditioners for the Poisson interface problem and the Poisson fictitious domain problem.
Consistent splitting schemes for incompressible viscoelastic flow problems
Authors: Pacheco Douglas R. Q. , Castillo Ernesto 
Published: December 2022

AbstractViscoelastic fluids are highly challenging from the rheological standpoint, and their discretization demands robust, efficient numerical solvers. Simulating viscoelastic flows requires combining the Navier–Stokes system with a dynamic tensorial equation, increasing mathematical and computational demands. Hence, fractional‐step methods decoupling the calculation of the flow quantities are an attractive option. In consistent fractional‐step schemes, the splitting of the equations is derived from the continuous level, so that neither mass nor momentum balance is sacrificed. Thus, no corrections or velocity projections are needed, resulting in fewer algorithmic steps than other classical approaches. Moreover, consistency guarantees the absence of both numerical boundary layers and splitting errors, enabling high‐order accuracy in space and time. This article introduces the first consistent splitting methods for incompressible flows of viscoelastic fluids, for which arbitrary constitutive laws are allowed. We present the formulation and the algorithm, along with various numerical examples testing their accuracy. First‐, second‐ and third‐order backward‐differentiation schemes are numerically tested, and optimal convergence is confirmed for several spatial and temporal discretizations. Furthermore, good numerical stability is verified in challenging benchmark problems, including steady and time‐dependent solutions.
Adaptation of the Day100 Talk communication intervention for Spanish‐speaking families of children with cancer
Authors: Merz Alexandra , Stevens Sarah E. , Das P. Jeet , Avery Madeline , Revette Anna C. , Wolfe Joanne , Feraco Angela M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Day100 Talk (Day100) bridges communication gaps between parents and clinicians early in pediatric cancer care through an interprofessional family conference facilitated by structured tools. We aimed to understand communication challenges and facilitators and to adapt Day100 for Spanish‐speaking parents. We interviewed Spanish‐speaking parents with limited English proficiency, Spanish‐English medical interpreters, and clinicians to gather communication experiences and adapt Day100. Results showed that communication difficulties were precipitated by linguistic and cultural differences, nonvisual technologies, and limited spontaneous communication. Interpreters enhanced communication as linguistic and cultural brokers. Nonverbal cues also facilitated communication. Participants offered recommendations to adapt Day100 for future study.
Lipidomic analysis of moss species Bryum pseudotriquetrum and Physcomitrium patens under cold stress
Authors: Lu Yi , Eiriksson Finnur Freyr , Thorsteinsdóttir Margrét , Simonsen Henrik Toft 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBryophytes, which lack lignin for protection, support themselves in harsh environments by producing various chemicals. In response to cold stress, lipids play a crucial role in cell adaptation and energy storage. Specifically, bryophytes survive at low temperatures by producing very long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (vl‐PUFAs). The in‐depth understanding of the lipid response to cold stress of bryophytes was studied by performing lipid profiling using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS). Two moss species (Bryum pseudotriquetrum and Physcomitrium patens) cultivated at 23°C and at 10°C were included in this study. Relative quantitative lipid concentrations were compared and the potential lipid biomarkers were identified by multivariate statistical analysis in each species. In B. pseudotriquetrum, it was observed that the phospholipids and glycolipids increased under cold stress, while storage lipids decreased. The accumulation of the lipids with high unsaturation degrees mostly appears in phospholipids and glycolipids for both mosses. The results also indicate that two unusual lipid classes in plants, sulfonolipids and phosphatidylmethanol are biosynthesized by the bryophytes. This has not been seen previously and show that bryophytes have a very diverse chemistry and substantially different from other plant groups.
Massive presence of off‐label medicines in Danish neonatal departments: A nationwide survey using national hospital purchase data
Authors: Gade Christina , Trolle Stine , Mørk Mette‐Louise , Lewis Anna , Andersen Peter Fruergaard , Jacobsen Thorkild , Andersen Jon , Lausten‐Thomsen Ulrik 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere is currently insufficient knowledge of gestational age dependent medicine disposition in neonates. Accordingly, the use of off‐label medication, i.e., use of medicines outside its approved marketing authorization, is high in the neonatal departments. By using data from the Danish National Pharmaceutical Hospital Purchase Database, we identified the most commonly occurring medications and calculated the on/off‐label ratios for premature and term neonates. Data was extracted on ATC level 5 and based on defined daily doses as per WHO. Data covered the 4 high‐level NICUs and 10 of 13 of the intermediate/standard level Danish neonatal departments. Of the identified medication, 87% and 70% did not have approved marketing authorization for use in premature and full‐term neonates, respectively. Furthermore, one‐fifth of the top 100 medicines did not have a (Danish) marketing license. Overall, off‐label medication was widespread covering virtually all ATC groups and no ATC group had an off‐label level lower than 50% (range 50%–100%). Finally, in 21% of medications, additives from 8 different chemical groups with potential deleterious effects for neonates were identified. In conclusion, off‐label medication in the Danish neonatal departments is widespread. The pharmaceutical industry is unlikely to solve this problem, and we may for a very long time be occasionally forced to use off‐label medication. Practical solution must therefore come from multidisciplinary clinical and academic collaboration. Use of formulation list as guidance for prescriptions and NICU‐friendly galenic formulations may mitigate the problem temporarily while waiting for definitive studies.
Virtual clinical trials: A tool for predicting patients who may benefit from treatment beyond progression with pembrolizumab in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Qi Timothy , Cao Yanguang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnrolling patients in immunotherapy clinical trials is becoming increasingly competitive. Virtual clinical trials can help investigators answer key questions despite this. For example, pembrolizumab is the recommended first‐line treatment for non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with no driver alterations and a programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) Tumor Proportion Score ≥50%. Salvage therapies for relapsed/refractory patients are limited. Retrospective studies suggest that a subset of patients may benefit from pembrolizumab beyond progression; these results have not been validated in a prospective study. We constructed digital twins of patients and simulated clinical trials to predict the best salvage therapy after progressive disease (PD) on pembrolizumab. Response dynamics were evaluated at the lesion level to represent patients who experience systemic PD while individual lesions continue shrinking. With >25,000 radiographic lesion measurements from >500 patients, we simulated responses to pembrolizumab, chemotherapy, and PD on pembrolizumab followed by either pembrolizumab beyond progression or salvage chemotherapy. Switching all progressors to salvage chemotherapy was suboptimal. Virtual trials predicted progression‐free survival (PFS) from pembrolizumab beyond progression to be comparable with salvage chemotherapy in patients whose PD was due to nontarget progression. A PFS‐optimized regimen may improve disease control rates ≥15%. Pembrolizumab beyond progression may benefit a subset of patients with PD‐L1‐high, driver alteration–free NSCLC, but prospective studies are warranted.
Diagnosis of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma extending into the main bronchus using repeated transbronchial cryobiopsy
Authors: Tsukamoto Shinya , Kitajima Takamasa , Marumo Satoshi , Fukui Motonari 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe diagnosis of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma using bronchoscopy is difficult, and surgical resection is often performed for definitive diagnosis and curative therapy. We report a case of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma, successfully diagnosed using repeated transbronchial cryobiopsy (TBCB). A 69‐year‐old‐woman was found to have an oval mass in the left hilar region extending into the left main bronchus on computed tomography (CT). All transbronchial biopsy specimens were necrotic, but repeated TBCB removed the necrotic tissue from the tumour and finally led to the diagnosis of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma. Proton therapy was administered, which caused shrinkage of the tumour. Thus, TBCB is useful for definitive diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma without surgical biopsy. Repeated TBCB can reduce tumour volume, eliminate atelectasis, and reduce the extent of radiotherapy exposure.
Cu(I)/Cu(II) Creutz–Taube Mixed‐Valence 2D Coordination Polymers
Authors: Li Ning , Wu Gang , Xi Shibo , Wei Fengxia , Lin Ming , Qiu Jinjun , Zheng Jin‐Cheng , Yi Jiabao , Seng Debbie Hwee Leng , Lee Coryl Jing Jun , Repaka D. V. Maheswar , Liu Xiaoming , Wong Zicong Marvin , Zhu Qiang , Yang Shuo‐Wang , Luo He‐Kuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGraphene‐like 2D coordination polymers (GCPs) have been of central research interest in recent decades with significant impact in many fields. According to classical coordination chemistry, Cu(II) can adopt the dsp2 hybridization to form square planar coordination geometry, but not Cu(I); this is why so far, there has been few 2D layered structures synthesized from Cu(I) precursors. Herein a pair of isostructural GCPs synthesized by the coordination of benzenehexathiol (BHT) ligands with Cu(I) and Cu(II) ions, respectively, is reported. Spectroscopic characterizations indicate that Cu(I) and Cu(II) coexist with a near 1:1 ratio in both GCPs but remain indistinguishable with a fractional oxidation state of +1.5 on average, making these two GCPs a unique pair of Creutz–Taube mixed‐valence 2D structures. Based on density functional theory calculations, an intramolecular pseudo‐redox mechanism is further uncovered whereby the radicals on BHT ligands can oxidize Cu(I) or reduce Cu(II) ions upon coordination, thus producing isostructures with distinct electron configurations. For the first time, it is demonstrated that using Cu(I) or Cu(II), one can achieve 2D isostructures, indicating an unusual fact that a neutral periodic structure can host a different number of total electrons as ground states, which may open a new chapter for 2D materials.
Assessment of animal health and production constraints: The case of three districts
Authors: Kitessa Jiregna Dugassa , Deressa Abriham Kebede , Terefa Yobsan Tamiru 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnimal production is an important tool for improving the living standard of humans and is the backbone of Ethiopia's agricultural development. The country is known for its high livestock potential, but it is not well exploited due to various hindering factors.ObjectivesThe objective of the study is to assess the key issues related to animal health and production.MethodsThe evaluation was carried out in three purposively selected districts of East Wollega zone, namely Gidda Ayana, Sibu Sire and Jimma Arjo by using well‐designed and structured questionnaire surveys.ResultDuring the study period, 200, 145 and 165 respondents were sampled from the animal owners in the districts of Gidda Ayana, Sibu Sire and Jimma Arjo, respectively. Of these, about 97.89%, 95.68% and 94.9% practice extensive management in Gidda Ayana, Jimma Arjo and Sibu Sire, respectively. The majority of respondents in Gidda Ayana (98.1%), Jimma Arjo (97.21%) and Sibu Sire (98.9%) use natural pastures. For cattle breeding, uncontrolled natural mating is used in Gidda Ayana (90.79%), Jimma Arjo (86.3%) and Sibu Sire (95.69%). The major constraints of animal health and production were also assessed. Accordingly, a lack of access to adequate animal production and health expert in Gidda Ayana (27.33%), Jimma Arjo (29.36%) and Sibu Sire (31.59%) was recorded, whereas the lack of sustainable and structured modern livestock market was observed in Gidda Ayana (25.94%), Jimma Arjo (21.31%) and Sibu Sire (19.80%).Conclusion and recommendationsLivestock need improved animal health, management systems and breeding methods. The study revealed key issues related to animal health and production, such as poor management systems and breeding methods, limited coverage of veterinary services and a modern livestock market. Thus, it is indispensable to increase the coverage of veterinary services, animal extension services and alternative sources of animal feed.
The role of networks in policy processes in developing countries: The case of harmonized seed regulations in Malawi
Authors: Hunga Henry G. , Chiwaula Levison , Katundu Mangani 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNetworks have increasingly played an essential role in the economic reform policy process in developing countries. However, their policy influence and impact on agriculture and the seed sector are unknown. Therefore, this study used social network analysis to understand the role of the policy networks in Malawi's harmonized seed regulation policy process. Key informant interviews were used for primary data collection for the SNA questionnaires (N = 27). The primary data was complemented by secondary information. Data analysis used network graphs, centrality measures, and descriptive methods to understand the network's governance structure and social interaction. Three centralized networks with external affiliations were identified: seed trade and corporate citizenship representing core‐peripheral networks and the policy advocacy network as a hub‐and‐spoke. The governance structure and type of administration determined the policy networks' influence in advocating for specific policy interests. Strong technical and financial support from international organizations and the government to a network proved critical in Malawi's seed sector policy reform direction. These ensured network trust that was important in bringing cohesion and stability toward a common policy goal. This call for support for those networks representing the underprivileged in developing countries, including civil society.
PdCl(NO) – an iconic compound with corrugated Pd4Cl4 octagons built up by Pd2Cl2(NO)2 moieties
Authors: Evers Jürgen , Beck Wolfgang , Oehlinger Gilbert , Mayer Peter , Völkl Maurus Benedict Rasso , Klapötke Thomas Matthias , Zimina Anna , Wolf Silke , Köppe Ralf 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDuring outstanding research in the late 1950s in Munich, which led to the development of the Wacker process for converting ethene into acetaldehyde by catalysis of PdCl2, black insoluble nitrosyl‐palladium chloride (PdCl(NO)) was obtained. More than sixty years after its first synthesis, its crystal structure was now determined by X‐ray diffraction. PdCl(NO) (mP16, P21/c, a=10.2684(5), b=4.0737(2), c=7.8456(4) Å, β=111.125(1)°, wR2=0.0572) consists of distorted Pd4Cl4 octagons in chair arrangement to which four distorted Pd2Cl2 squares are annulated on every second edge. In this arrangement each of the two Pd atoms of the squares are connected to one N−O group, bonded alternatively up and down to the Pd atoms with a Pd−N−O angle of 129°. Such a square has the composition of the dimer which was found in the mass spectrum at 343.6 m/e. The octagons with four squares are interconnected to corrugated layers in the b‐c‐plane as a two‐dimensional polymer.
On the possibility of a novel (A)dS/CFT relationship emerging in Asymptotic Safety
Authors: Ferrero Renata , Reuter Martin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG), nonperturbatively renormalized by means of a certain asymptotically safe renormalization group (RG) trajectory, is explored by solving its scale dependent effective field equations and embedding the family of emerging 4-dimensional spacetimes into a single 5-dimensional manifold, which thus encodes the complete information about all scales. By construction the latter manifold is furnished with a natural foliation. Heuristically, its leaves are interpreted as physical spacetime observed on different scales of the experimental resolution. Generalizing earlier work on the embedding of d-dimensional Euclidean QEG spacetimes in (d + 1)-dimensional flat or Ricci flat manifolds, we admit Lorentzian signature in this paper and we consider embeddings in arbitrary (d + 1)-dimensional Einstein spaces. Special attention is paid to the sector of maximally symmetric metrics, and the fundamental definition of QEG in d = 4 that employs the cross-over trajectory connecting the non-Gaussian to the Gaussian RG fixed point. Concerning the embedding of the resulting family of 4D de Sitter solutions with a running Hubble parameter, we find that there are only two possible 5D spacetimes, namely the anti-de Sitter manifold AdS5 and the de Sitter manifold dS5. To arrive at this result essential use is made of the monotone scale dependence of the running cosmological constant featured by the gravitational effective average action. We show that if the scale invariance of the QEG fixed points extends to full conformal invariance, the 5D picture of the resulting geometric and field theoretic structure displays a novel kind of “AdS/CFT correspondence”. While strongly reminiscent of the usual string theory-based AdS/CFT correspondence, also clear differences are found.
Nonlinear automorphism of the conformal algebra in 2D and continuous $$ \sqrt{T\overline{T}} $$ deformations
Authors: Tempo David , Troncoso Ricardo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe conformal algebra in 2D (Diff(S1)⨁Diff(S1)) is shown to be preserved under a nonlinear map that mixes both chiral (holomorphic) generatorsTand$$ \overline{T} $$T¯. It depends on a single real parameter and it can be regarded as a “nonlinear SO(1,1) automorphism.” The map preserves the form of the momentum density and naturally induces a flow on the energy density by a marginal$$ \sqrt{T\overline{T}} $$TT¯deformation. In turn, the general solution of the corresponding flow equation of the deformed action can be analytically solved in closed form, recovering the nonlinear automorphism. The deformed CFT2can also be described through the original theory on a field-dependent curved metric whose lapse and shift functions are given by the variation of the deformed Hamiltonian with respect to the energy and momentum densities, respectively. The conformal symmetries of the deformed theories can then also be seen to arise from diffeomorphisms that fulfill suitably deformed conformal Killing equations. Besides, Cardy formula is shown to map to itself under the nonlinear automorphism. As a simple example, the deformation ofNfree bosons is briefly addressed, making contact with recent related results and the dimensional reduction of the ModMax theory. Furthermore, the nonlinear map between the conformal algebra in 2D and its ultra/non-relativistic versions (BMS3≈CCA2≈GCA2), including the corresponding finite$$ \sqrt{T\overline{T}} $$TT¯deformation, are recovered from a limiting case of the nonlinear automorphism. The extension to a three-parameter nonlinear ISO(1,1) automorphism of the conformal algebra, and a discrete nonlinear automorphism of BMS3are also briefly discussed.
Dijet azimuthal correlations in p-p and p-Pb collisions at forward LHC calorimeters
Authors: Al-Mashad M. Abdullah , van Hameren A. , Kakkad H. , Kotko P. , Kutak K. , Van Mechelen P. , Sapeta S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present a state-of-the-art computation for the production of dijets in proton-proton and proton-lead collisions at the LHC, in forward rapidity domains covered by the ATLAS calorimeter and the planned FoCal extension of the ALICE detector. We use the small-x improved TMD (ITMD) formalism, together with collinearly improved TMD gluon distributions and full b-space Sudakov resummation, and discuss nonperturbative corrections due to hadronization and showers using the Pythia event generator. We observe that the production of forward dijets in proton-nucleus collisions at moderately low pT is an excellent probe of saturation effects, and demonstrate that the Sudakov resummation does not alter the suppression of the cross section.