bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting call and chat volumes at online helplines for mental health
Authors: de Boer Tim Rens , Mérelle Saskia , Bhulai Sandjai , Gilissen Renske , van der Mei Rob 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Each year, many help seekers in need contact health helplines for mental support. It is crucial that they receive support immediately, and that waiting times are minimal. In order to minimize delay, helplines must have adequate staffing levels, especially during peak hours. This has raised the need for means to predict the call and chat volumes ahead of time accurately. Motivated by this, in this paper, we analyze real-life data to develop models for accurately forecasting call volumes, for both phone and chat conversations for online mental health support.

Methods
This research was conducted on real call and chat data (adequately anonymized) provided by 113 Suicide Prevention (Over ons | 113 Zelfmoordpreventie) (throughout referred to as ‘113’), the online helpline for suicide prevention in the Netherlands. Chat and phone call data were analyzed to better understand the important factors that influence the call arrival process. These factors were then used as input to several Machine Learning (ML) models to forecast the number of call and chat arrivals. Next to that, senior counselors of the helpline completed a web-based questionnaire after each shift to assess their perception of the workload.

Results
This study has led to several remarkable and key insights. First, the most important factors that determine the call volumes for the helpline are the trend, and weekly and daily cyclic patterns (cycles), while monthly and yearly cycles were found to be non-significant predictors for the number of phone and chat conversations. Second, media events that were included in this study only have limited—and only short-term—impact on the call volumes. Third, so-called (S)ARIMA models are shown to lead to the most accurate prediction in the case of short-term forecasting, while simple linear models work best for long-term forecasting. Fourth, questionnaires filled in by senior counselors show that the experienced workload is mainly correlated to the number of chat conversations compared to phone calls.

Conclusion
(S)ARIMA models can best be used to forecast the number of daily chats and phone calls with a MAPE of less than 10 in short-term forecasting. These models perform better than other models showing that the number of arrivals depends on historical data. These forecasts can be used as support for planning the number of counselors needed. Furthermore, the questionnaire data show that the workload experienced by senior counselors is more dependent on the number of chat arrivals and less on the number of available agents, showing the value of insight into the arrival process of conversations.
Using the theory of planned behavior to predict factors influencing fast-food consumption among college students
Authors: Sajjad Maryam , Bhatti Afifa , Hill Barry , Al-Omari Basem 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose

The purpose of this research is to examine the behavioral factors that impact fast food consumption (FFC) among college students in Pakistan by applying the theory of planned behavior (TPB).

Methods
Cross-sectional survey was distributed to college students in Pakistan. The questionnaire examines the factors associated with six categories: demographics, FFC pattern, intention for FFC, attitudes toward FFC, Subjective Norms (SN), and Perceived Behavioral Control (PBC). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and SPSS AMOS software using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics (chi-square, t-test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis), and structural equation modeling (SEM) Analysis.

Results
A total of 220 questionnaires were completed (97 males and 123 females). There were significant differences in FFC association with gender. Among the constructs of TPB, behavioral intention (BI) and SN are the strongest predictors of the FFC (p < .05). TPB has significantly predicted FFC behavior with a variance of R2 0.603. The SEM analysis shows that the data collected were incompatible with the theoretical TPB model, making it unfeasible to test our five hypotheses or interpret the results due to the poor fit of the model with the data.

Conclusions
To ensure a good fit of the data with the specified TPB model in SEM analysis, the number of indicators should be limited (≤ 30), or the sample size should be greater (N ≥ 500). Pakistani college students' FFC is mainly influenced by friends and the increased popularity of fast food, despite their knowledge of its negative health effects. Educational programs should target specific harmful effects of fast food, and SN and BI are the strongest predictors of FFC among TPB constructs. These findings can be useful for developing targeted interventional health strategies and future research.
COVID-19 epidemic modelling for policy decision support in Victoria, Australia 2020–2021
Authors: Scott Nick , Abeysuriya Romesh G , Delport Dominic , Sacks-Davis Rachel , Nolan Jonathan , West Daniel , Sutton Brett , Wallace Euan M , Hellard Margaret 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Policy responses to COVID-19 in Victoria, Australia over 2020–2021 have been supported by evidence generated through mathematical modelling. This study describes the design, key findings, and process for policy translation of a series of modelling studies conducted for the Victorian Department of Health COVID-19 response team during this period.

Methods
An agent-based model, Covasim, was used to simulate the impact of policy interventions on COVID-19 outbreaks and epidemic waves. The model was continually adapted to enable scenario analysis of settings or policies being considered at the time (e.g. elimination of community transmission versus disease control). Model scenarios were co-designed with government, to fill evidence gaps prior to key decisions.

Results
Understanding outbreak risk following incursions was critical to eliminating community COVID-19 transmission. Analyses showed risk depended on whether the first detected case was the index case, a primary contact of the index case, or a ‘mystery case’. There were benefits of early lockdown on first case detection and gradual easing of restrictions to minimise resurgence risk from undetected cases. As vaccination coverage increased and the focus shifted to controlling rather than eliminating community transmission, understanding health system demand was critical. Analyses showed that vaccines alone could not protect health systems and need to be complemented with other public health measures.

Conclusions
Model evidence offered the greatest value when decisions needed to be made pre-emptively, or for questions that could not be answered with empiric data and data analysis alone. Co-designing scenarios with policy-makers ensured relevance and increased policy translation.
A retrospective study of the role of hypercapnia in patients with acromegaly
Authors: Guo Junwei , Cao Wenhao , Luo Jinmei , Huang Rong , Xiao Yi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Acromegaly is a multisystemic disease characterized by an excessive release of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common consequence of acromegaly, and hypercapnia is frequently observed in patients with acromegaly, OSA, and obesity. However, the effects of hypercapnia on acromegaly remain unknown. This study was designed to investigate whether there are differences in clinical symptoms, sleep variables, and biochemical remission after surgery for acromegaly in patients with OSA with or without hypercapnia.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted involving patients with acromegaly and OSA. The pharmacotherapy history for acromegaly before surgery, anthropometric measures, blood gas, sleep monitoring data, and biochemical assays of hypercapnic and eucapnic individuals were collected 1–2 weeks before surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the risk factors for failed postoperative biochemical remission.

Results
In this study, 94 patients with OSA and acromegaly were included. Among them, 25 (26.6%) had hypercapnia. The hypercapnic group had higher body mass index (92% vs. 62.3%; p = 0.005) and poorer nocturnal hypoxemia index. No serological differences were found between the two groups. According to the post-surgery GH level, 52 patients (55.3%) reached biochemical remission. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus (odds ratio [OR], 2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–6.55), instead of hypercapnia (OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.24–1.58), was associated with lower remission rates. Patients who received pharmacotherapy for acromegaly before surgery (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.06–0.79) and had higher thyroid-stimulating hormone levels (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.32–0.88) were more likely to have biochemical remission after surgery. Multivariate analysis further showed that only diabetes mellitus (OR, 3.29; 95% CI, 1.15–9.46) and preoperative pharmacotherapy (OR, 0.21; 95% CI, 0.06–0.83) remained significant. Hypercapnia, hormone levels, and sleep indicators had no effect on biochemical remission after surgery.

Conclusions
Single-center evidence shows that hypercapnia alone may not be a risk factor for lower biochemical remission rates. Correcting hypercapnia does not appear to be required before surgery. More evidence is needed to further support this conclusion.
IL-4 modified expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) surgical patch promotes angiogenesis in transplanted flap and inhibits inflammatory response
Authors: Song Peng , Liu Yizheng , Du Chenfei , Lei Zhen , Ai Jinwei , Li Guanghui , Jing Kai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSkin flap transplantation is one of the most common tissue transplantation methods for wound repair and organ reconstruction in plastic surgery. During the transplantation process, the inflammatory response of transplanted flap and angiogenesis are critical to the successful rate of skin flap transplantation. In recent years, to improve the biocompatibility and cell affinity of biomedical materials, the modified biomaterials have gradually become a popular subject in scientific researches. In our study, the IL-4 modified expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (e-PTFE) surgical patch IL4-e-PTFE was prepared, and the rat skin flap transplantation model was constructed. The results of cell experiment prove that IL-4 has potentiation in the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) induced by monocyte, and IL-4 can also promote angiogenesis by inducing the M2 macrophages. According to the results of in vivo experiment, the apoptosis level of transplanted flap cells of rats in the IL4-e-PTFE group was lower than that in the e-PTFE group, and in the IL4-e-PTFE group, the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α showed significantly decline compared to the e-PTFE group, while the expression levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-1Ra, IL-10 and TGF-β presented significant increase compared to the e-PTFE group; the immunofluorescence staining results show that the number of M2 macrophages in transplanted flap area of rats in the IL4-e-PTFE group was significantly higher than that in the e-PTFE group, and the angiogenesis level was remarkably improved. In this study, by preparing IL4-e-PTFE and carrying out the cell and in vivo experiments, a reference method is proposed, which can reduce the inflammatory response during skin transplantation process using e-PTFE and optimize the long-term effects of flap blood vessels, hoping to provide a broader space for the applications of e-PTFE in medicine.
Longitudinal association of edentulism with cognitive impairment, sarcopenia and all-cause mortality among older Chinese adults
Authors: Li Yang , Huang Chuan-Long , LU Xiu-Zhen , Tang Zi-Qing , Wang Yuan-Yin , Sun Ying , Chen Xin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Tooth loss may be a surrogate for systemic health and aging. However, no previous studies have systematically assessed multiple outcomes relevant to aging trajectory in this area, and many important confounders were not adjusted in most previous studies. This study aims to prospectively evaluate the associations of complete tooth loss (edentulism) with broad markers of sarcopenia, cognitive impairment and mortality.

Methods
Data were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a nationally representative household study of the Chinese population aged 45 years and older. Multivariate Weibull proportional hazards regression was used to assess the association between edentulism with sarcopenia and all-cause mortality. Average changes in cognitive function by edentulism was estimated by mixed-effects linear regression models.

Results
During the 5-year follow-up, the prevalence of edentulism among adults aged 45 and over was 15.4%. Participants with edentulism had a greater decline in cognitive function compared to those without (β=-0.70, 95%CI:-1.09, -0.31, P < 0.001). The association of edentulism and all-cause mortality for 45–64 age group (HR = 7.50, 95%CI: 1.99, 28.23, P = 0.003), but not statistically significant for the ≥ 65 age group (HR = 2.37, 95%CI: 0.97, 5.80, P = 0.057). Effects of edentulism on sarcopenia are statistically significant for all age groups (45–64 age group: HR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.27, 3.66, P = 0.005; ≥65 age group: HR = 2.15, 95%CI: 1.27, 3.66, P = 0.002).

Conclusions
These findings could have important clinical and public health implications, as tooth loss is a quick and reproducible measurement that could be used in clinical practice for identifying persons at risk of accelerated aging and shortened longevity, and who may benefit most from intervention if causality is established.
Anti-angiogenic drug aggravates the degree of anti-resorptive drug-based medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw by impairing the proliferation and migration function of gingival fibroblasts
Authors: Zhao Ning , Li Qing-xiang , Wang Yi-fei , Qiao Qiao , Huang Hong-yuan , Guo Chuan-bin , Guo Yu-xing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Long-term use of anti-resorptive or anti-angiogenic drugs in cancer patients with odontogenic infections may lead to medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). This study investigated whether anti-angiogenic agents aggravate MRONJ occurrence in anti-resorptive-treated patients.

Methods
The clinical stage and jawbone exposure of MRONJ patients caused by different drug regimens were analyzed to ascertain the aggravation effect of anti-angiogenic drugs on anti-resorptive drug-based MRONJ. Next, a periodontitis mice model was established, and tooth extraction was performed after administering anti-resorptive and/or anti-angiogenic drugs; the imaging and histological change of the extraction socket were observed. Moreover, the cell function of gingival fibroblasts was analyzed after the treatment with anti-resorptive and/or anti-angiogenic drugs in order to evaluate their effect on the gingival tissue healing of the extraction socket.

Results
Patients treated with anti-angiogenic and anti-resorptive drugs had an advanced clinical stage and a bigger proportion of necrotic jawbone exposure compared to patients treated with anti-resorptive drugs alone. In vivo study further indicated a greater loss of mucosa tissue coverage above the tooth extraction in mice treated with sunitinib (Suti) + zoledronate (Zole) group (7/10) vs. Zole group (3/10) and Suti group (1/10). Micro-computed tomography (CT) and histological data showed that the new bone formation in the extraction socket was lower in Suti + Zole and Zole groups vs. Suti and control groups. In vitro data showed that the anti-angiogenic drugs had a stronger inhibitory ability on the proliferation and migration function of gingival fibroblasts than anti-resorptive drugs, and the inhibitory effect was obviously enhanced after combining zoledronate and sunitinib.

Conclusion
Our findings provided support for a synergistic contribution of anti-angiogenic drugs to anti-resorptive drugs-based MRONJ. Importantly, the present study revealed that anti-angiogenic drugs alone do not induce severe MRONJ but aggravate the degree of MRONJ via the enhanced inhibitory function of gingival fibroblasts based on anti-resorptive drugs.
Intimate partner violence among young women in Ibadan, Nigeria: are there slum and non-slum differences?
Authors: Okedare Omowumi O. , Fawole Olufunmilayo I. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study determined the past-year prevalence of physical, sexual and psychological intimate partner violence (IPV) and associated factors among young women in urban slums and non-slums of Ibadan, Nigeria.A cross-sectional study, using a multistage cluster sampling method was used to select 1050 ever-partnered young women aged between 18 and 24 years from the five Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Ibadan municipal. All localities were classified into slums and non-slums using the UN-Habitat 2003 criterion. Independent variables were respondents' and partners’ characteristics. Dependent variables were physical, sexual and psychological IPV. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model (α0.05).Prevalence of physical (31.4%, 13.4%), sexual (37.1%, 18.3%), and psychological IPV (58.6%, 31.5%) were significantly higher in the slum than non-slum communities. Multivariate analysis showed that secondary education (aOR:0.45, 95%CI: 0.21 – 0.92) reduced IPV experience while being unmarried (aOR:2.83, 95%CI: 1.28 – 6.26), partner’s alcohol use (aOR:1.97, 95%CI: 1.22 – 3.18), and partner’s relationship with other women (aOR:1.79, 95%CI: 1.10 -2.91) increased IPV experience in slum communities. In non-slum communities, having children (aOR:2.99, 95%CI: 1.05–8.51), non-consensual sexual debut (aOR: 1.88, 95%CI: 1.07–3.31) and witness of abuse in childhood (aOR:1.82: 95%CI: 1.01 – 3.28) increased experience of IPV. Acceptance of IPV and partner’s witness of abuse in childhood increased experience of IPV in both settings.This study confirms that IPV is common among young women in Ibadan, Nigeria, but higher among women in slum communities. Findings also showed different factors associated with IPV in slum and non-slum communities. Therefore, targeted interventions for each urban stratum are recommended.
Evaluating the effectiveness of a new student-centred laboratory training strategy in clinical biochemistry teaching
Authors: Xu Guoying , Zhao Chuanxiang , Yan Mengdan , Zhang Xiaoxian , Zhu Ling , Liu Jiaxiu , Zhao Yaping , Zhang Yuling , Cai Weili , Xie Hongxiang , Jiang Yuzhang , Shao Qixiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe error-proneness in the preanalytical and postanalytical stages is higher than that in the analytical stage of the total testing process. However, preanalytical and postanalytical quality management has not received enough attention in medical laboratory education and tests in clinical biochemistry courses.Methods/approachClinical biochemistry teaching program aim to improve students’ awareness and ability of quality management according to international organization for standardization 15,189 requirements. We designed a student-centred laboratory training program, according to case-based learning that included 4 stages: “establish an overall testing process based on the patient’s clinical indicator, clarify principles, improve operational skills, and review process and continuous improvement”. The program was implemented in our college during the winter semesters of 2019 and 2020. A total of 185 undergraduate students majoring in medical laboratory science participated in the program as a test group, and the other 172 students were set up as the control group and adopted the conventional method. The participants were asked to finish an online survey to evaluate the class at the end.Results/outcomesThe test group had significantly better examination scores not only in experimental operational skills (89.27 ± 7.16 vs. 77.51 ± 4.72,p < 0.05 in 2019 grade, 90.31 ± 5.35 vs. 72.87 ± 8.41 in 2020 grade) but also in total examination (83.47 ± 6.16 vs. 68.90 ± 5.86 in 2019 grade, 82.42 ± 5.72 vs. 69.55 ± 7.54 in 2020 grade) than the control group. The results of the questionnaire survey revealed that the students in the test group better achieved classroom goals than those in the control group (allp < 0.05).ConclusionsThe new student-centred laboratory training program based on case-based learning in clinical biochemistry is an effective and acceptable strategy compared with the conventional training program.
Compliance with national snakebite treatment guidelines in rural Sri Lankan hospitals: a cluster randomized controlled trial of a brief educational intervention
Authors: Shahmy Seyed , Kularatne Senanayake A. M. , Gawarammana Indika B. , Rathnayake Shantha S. , Dawson Andrew H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Snakebite is a global health problem that predominantly occurs in rural areas. In Sri Lanka, the majority of snakebite patients first present to smaller rural primary hospitals. Improving care delivered at rural hospitals has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality from snakebites.

Objective
In this study, we evaluated whether an educational intervention would increase compliance with national snakebite treatment guidelines in primary hospitals.

Methods
The hospitals were randomized into educational intervention (n = 24) and control groups (n = 20). The intervention hospitals received a brief educational intervention based on Sri Lankan Medical Association (SLMA) guidelines on the management of snakebites. Control hospitals had free access to the guidelines but no additional promotion. Four outcomes were assessed: pre- and post-test knowledge at the completion of a one-day workshop of educational intervention (intervention group only); improvement in the quality of the patient’s medical records; appropriateness of transfers to higher hospitals; and quality of overall management graded by a blinded expert. The data was collected over a period of 12 months.

Results
All case notes of snakebite hospital admissions were reviewed. There were 1021 cases in the intervention group hospitals and 1165 cases in the control hospitals. Four hospitals in the intervention group and three hospitals in the control group did not have snakebite admissions and were excluded from the cluster analysis. The absolute quality of care was high in both groups. Post-test knowledge was improved (p < 0.0001) following the intervention group’s educational workshop. There was no statistical difference between the two groups in terms of clinical data documentation in hospital notes (scores, p = 0.58) or transfer appropriateness (p = 0.68)—both of which were significantly different from the guidelines.

Conclusion
Education of primary hospital staff improved the immediate knowledge gained but did not improve record-keeping or the appropriateness of inter-hospital patient transfer.

Trial registration
The study was registered with Sri Lanka Medical Associations’ clinical trial registry. Reg. No SLCTR-2013–023. Registered: 30/07/2013.