bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of caregiving on quality of life in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review
Authors: Perepezko Kate , Hinkle Jared T. , Forbes Elana J. , Pontone Gregory M. , Mills Kelly A. , Gallo Joseph J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that can reduce quality of life (QOL). Previous research has explored patient specific factors that influence QOL; but understanding external factors that may also affect patient QOL, such as caregiver characteristics, can provide additional intervention targets that may improve QOL for both the person with PD and their caregiver.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of existing literature on caregiver factors that are related to QOL for the person with PD. We developed a tailored search strategy in six databases and performed a screening procedure according to PRISMA guidelines. We synthesized findings from articles that met inclusion criteria using a narrative approach and identified themes categorizing caregiver factors associated with PD QOL.ResultsWe found 32 full‐text articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and passed the quality appraisal. Seven themes were identified, including: (1) burden, (2) strain, (3) QOL and satisfaction, (4) demographic factors, (5) psychological factors, (6) relationship factors, and (7) caregiver input.ConclusionsOur review presents critical insights into the role of the caregiver in the QOL of a person with PD. Findings reveal several targets for intervention to improve QOL in this population.
The challenges of obesity for fertility: A FIGO literature review
Authors: Gautam Divya , Purandare Nikhil , Maxwell Cynthia V. , Rosser Mary L. , O'Brien Patrick , Mocanu Edgar , McKeown Ciaran , Malhotra Jaideep , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. ,   the FIGO Committee on Impact of Pregnancy on Long‐term Health and the FIGO Committee on Reproductive Medicine, Endocrinology and Infertility
Published: January 2023

AbstractObesity has been linked to infertility through several mechanisms, including at a molecular level. Those living with obesity face additional barriers to accessing fertility treatments and achieving a successful pregnancy, which can contribute to their economic and psychosocial stressors. There is scope to further improve care for people living with obesity and infertility with empathy, via a multidisciplinary approach.
Enhancing resident–preceptor relationships through resiliency discussions
Authors: Schweiss Sarah K. , Massey Sara , Walburg Kyle , Uk Nathan , Moon Jean Y. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground/PurposeStudies suggest utilization of support networks and mentors is a resiliency‐building strategy for health professional students. Likewise, a supportive resident–preceptor relationship has been associated with increased resident wellness. Despite this information, the impact of resident learners specifically connecting on resiliency topics with their preceptors is limited in the literature. The purpose of this study is to determine residents' perceptions of the impact of resiliency debriefing sessions with their preceptor.MethodologyNine 1‐h resiliency sessions were designed and delivered to 27 residents. Topics included: Introduction to Wellbeing, Balance, and Support Systems; Enneagram; Self‐Care; Imposter Syndrome; Brene Brown Critics and Feedback; Simon Sinek's “Start with Why”; Mindfulness and Gratitude; Mindset; and Creating a Mantra. After each resiliency session, residents debriefed with their clinical preceptor(s) within 1 week, which included a session content overview, perceived key takeaways, and what residents wanted more information on. Residents were then asked to complete a nine‐question survey assessing their perceptions.ResultsAfter delivery of nine resiliency sessions and preceptor debrief, 112 (46%) survey responses were recorded. The majority of residents (72%) agreed or strongly agreed that discussing these topics with preceptors was useful. Over half of residents felt preceptors were able to provide additional resiliency tools or resources (56% agreed or strongly agreed) and mentoring (63% agreed or strongly agreed). The majority of respondents (78%) felt resiliency topic discussions with preceptors improved their relationship and many (71%) felt the curriculum positively impacted their wellbeing.ConclusionOverall, residents responded favorably to participation in a resiliency curriculum and felt debrief sessions with their preceptors were beneficial and improved their resident–preceptor relationships. As we strive to improve the work‐life of health care providers and minimize burnout, it is essential to increase resiliency and wellbeing efforts for both current and future health professionals.
Resolving arteriolar wall structures in mouse brain in vivo with three‐photon microscopy
Authors: Qin Mengyuan , Huang Jie , Zhong Jincheng , Zhang Yingxian , Tong Shen , Cheng Hui , Deng Xiangquan , Zheng Lei , Zhang Wanjian , Qiu Ping , Wang Ke 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe brain arteriolar wall is a multilayered structure, whose integrity is of key significance to the brain function. However, resolving these different layers in anmial models in vivo is hampered by the lack of either labeling or imaging technology. Here, we demonstrate that three‐photon microscopy (3PM) is an ideal solution. In mouse brain in vivo, excited at the 1700‐nm window, label‐free third‐harmonic generation imaging and three‐photon fluorescence (3PF) imaging with Alexa 633 labeling colocalize and resolve the internal elastic lamina. Furthermore, Alexa Fluor 594‐conjugated Wheat Germ Agglutinin (WGA‐594) shows time‐dependent labeling behavior. As time lapses, WGA‐594 first labels endothelium, and then vascular smooth muscle cells, which are readily captured and resolved with 3PF imaging. Our results show that 3PM, in combination with proper labeling, is a promising technology for investigating the structures of brain arteriolar wall in vivo.
Analysis of Otolaryngologic Readmissions at a High‐Volume Quaternary Referral Center
Authors: Godse Neal R. , Snyderman Carl H. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo identify common reasons for readmission following otolaryngologic surgery at a high‐volume center and identify possible risk factors for readmission.MethodsRetrospective chart review of readmissions identified by hospital‐based electronic medical record reporting mechanism.ResultsFrom January 2019 to September 2020, there were 87 readmissions following 808 index surgeries. The most common reason for readmission was for planned surgery (23%), followed by post‐operative neck infection, bleeding, or pneumonia. Patients with unplanned readmissions had significantly longer index admission duration than patients who were not readmitted (median 7 days vs. median 5 days, resp.; p = 0.0056). Analysis of cases of unplanned readmission for neck infection and bleeding identified the oral cavity/pharynx as the most common site of initial surgery and that a majority of patients had a history of radiation therapy.ConclusionNeck infection, bleeding, and pneumonia were the most common reasons for unplanned readmission following otolaryngologic surgery, and a large portion of patients required additional procedures during readmission. Unplanned readmissions for bleeding were significantly more costly than readmissions for neck infections. Long‐index hospitalizations, index surgery involving the oral cavity and pharynx, and a history of radiation therapy may be useful clinical features that could stratify the risk of readmission.Level of Evidence4, retrospective chart review Laryngoscope, 133:2546–2552, 2023
Summary of fifth annual public MCBK meeting: Mobilizing computable biomedical knowledge (CBK) around the world
Authors: Khan Noor , Rubin Joshua , Williams Michelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe massive growth of biomedical knowledge in computable formats poses a challenge for organizations as they consider mobilizing artifacts to be findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable, and trustable. Formed in 2016, the Mobilizing Computable Biomedical Knowledge (MCBK) community is taking action to ensure that health organizations have the infrastructure in place to access and apply computable knowledge; to develop national policies and standards that require all data to be discoverable and available for safe and fair use; and to promote the widespread adoption and implementation of health knowledge in support of healthcare, biomedical research, public health, and education. This report summarizes the main outcomes of the Fifth Annual MCBK meeting, also considered the first manifestly global MCBK meeting, which was held virtually July 12 to 13, 2022. Over 200 participants from diverse domains around the world joined this meeting to frame and address important dimensions for mobilizing CBK.
A new spray‐based method for the in‐vitro development of dry‐surface biofilms
Authors: Christine Esther , Olive Claude , Louisin Myriam , Dramé Moustapha , Marion‐Sanchez Karine 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe inanimate environment immediately surrounding the patient in healthcare facilities is a reservoir of microorganisms embedded in dry‐surface biofilms (DSB). These biofilms, first highlighted in 2012, are increasingly studied, but currently available in‐vitro models only allow for the growth of semi‐hydrated biofilms. We developed a new in‐vitro method under actual dehydration conditions based on the hypothesis that surface contamination is mainly due to splashes of respiratory secretions. The main objective of this study was to show that the operating conditions we have defined allowed the growth of DSB with a methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain. The second objective was to show that extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing Enterobacteriaceae, that is, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter cloacae were also able to grow such biofilms under these conditions. Monobacterial suspensions in sterile artificial saliva (SAS) were sprayed onto polyethylene surfaces. Nutrients and hydration were provided daily by spraying SAS enriched with 20% of Brain Heart Infusion broth. The primary outcome was mean surface coverage measured by image analysis after crystal violet staining. The method applied to S. aureus for 12 days resulted in reproducible and repeatable DSB consisting of isolated and confluent microcolonies embedded in extracellular polymeric substances as shown in scanning electron microscopy images. Similar DSB were obtained with both Enterobacteriaceae applying the same method. No interspecies variation was shown between the three strains in terms of surface coverage. These first trials are the starting point for a 3‐year study currently in process.
Automatic detection of pulmonary embolism in computed tomography pulmonary angiography using Scaled‐YOLOv4
Authors: Xu Haijun , Li Huiyao , Xu Qifei , Zhang Zewei , Wang Ping , Li Dong , Guo Li 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary embolism (PE) is a common but fatal clinical condition and the gold standard of diagnosis is computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Prompt diagnosis and rapid treatment can dramatically reduce mortality in patients. However, the diagnosis of PE is often delayed and missed.MethodsIn this study, we identified a deep learning model Scaled‐YOLOv4 that enables end‐to‐end automated detection of PE to help solve these problems. A total of 307 CTPA data (Tianjin 142 cases, Linyi 133 cases, and FUMPE 32 cases) were included in this study. The Tianjin dataset was divided 10 times in the ratio of training set: validation set: test set = 7:2:1 for model tuning, and both the Linyi and FUMPE datasets were used as independent external test sets to evaluate the generalization of the model.ResultsScaled‐YOLOv4 was able to process one patient in average 3.55 s [95% CI: 3.51–3.59 s]. It also achieved an average precision (AP) of 83.04 [95% CI: 79.36–86.72] for PE detection on the Tianjin test set, and 75.86 [95% CI: 75.48–76.24] and 72.74 [95% CI: 72.10–73.38] on Linyi and FUMPE, respectively.ConclusionsThis deep learning algorithm helps detect PE in real time, providing radiologists with aided diagnostic evidence without increasing their workload, and can effectively reduce the probability of delayed patient diagnosis.
A stochastic time scale based framework for system reliability under a Markovian dynamic environment
Authors: Jiang Tao , Liu Yu , Ye Zhi‐Sheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMost engineering systems operate under stochastic dynamic environments. The variability and stochasticity of environmental conditions have a non‐negligible impact on the failure behavior of engineering systems. This article develops a reliability modeling and assessment framework for systems operating under a Markovian dynamic environment. The stochastic dynamic environment is characterized by a continuous‐time Markov chain. Using the cumulative exposure principle, the stochastic time scale, resulting from the cumulative effect of the Markovian dynamic environment, is computed via a Markov reward model. Based on the above settings, the system reliability model under the Markovian dynamic environment is developed. The maximum likelihood estimates and confidence intervals for the model parameters, including the transition rate matrix of the Markov chain, the reward rates of the Markov reward model, and the parameters of the baseline lifetime distribution, are obtained by utilizing the collected environment and lifetime data. The system reliability is then assessed with the estimated parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed framework are validated using simulation and through an application to a long‐term storage system. The results show that the unknown reliability model parameters can be accurately estimated, and the proposed model with the consideration of the cumulative effect of the Markovian dynamic environment can provide a more accurate reliability estimate than that without such a consideration.
The analysis of the solution of the Burgers–Huxley equation using the Galerkin method
Authors: Chin Pius W. M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany scientific methods have been proposed to solve the Burgers–Huxley equation. Among these famous methods, little or nothing has been mentioned in the literature about the coupling of the nonstandard finite difference method in the time and the Galerkin together with the compactness methods in the space variables. We exploit this gap and present a reliable technique aimed to use this coupling technique and show that the solution of the problem under investigation is uniqued in appropriate spaces to be defined. We proceed to show that the numerical solution obtained from the designed scheme is stabled and converges in the as well as the H1‐norms. Furthermore, we use examples together with some numerical experiments to justify the validity of our theoretical results.
Effect of Mo‐Containing Additives on Combustion of Al‐B Fuels
Authors: Meng Xiang‐Dong , Cai Shui‐Zhou 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, the Al‐B‐Mo alloy powders with a boron content of 7 wt % and Molybdenum content of 0.5–3 wt % were prepared by the close‐coupled gas atomization. The powder morphology, phase composition, oxidation, and exothermic behavior of combustion were characterized. The results show that the addition of Mo effectively improves the energetic properties of the alloy powder, with the mass‐burning enthalpy of Al‐7B‐1Mo reaching 31111 J/g, exceeding the theoretical mass‐burning enthalpy of monolithic Al (31000 J/g). Al‐7B‐1Mo underwent a violent exothermic process at around 1000 °C, and the oxidation weight gain ratio and oxidation efficiency reached 46.16 % and 48.05 % respectively, an increase of 19.75 % and 21.08 % compared to Al‐7B. The mesh structure formed by the AlB2 phase on the particle surface positively promoted the particles′ thermal oxidation. Mechanical mixtures of AlB2/Mo and AlB2/MoO3 were prepared and the catalytic promotion of the combustion of AlB2 by Mo and MoO3 was confirmed by thermal tests of combustion. The mechanism by which Mo/MoO3 promotes the combustion of AlB2 was investigated through the phase composition characterization of the composite powder after heat treatment in argon and air atmosphere. It was confirmed that MoO3 promotes the oxidation and combustion of AlB2 by supplying oxygen to B in AlB2, while Mo is first oxidized to MoO3, which then promotes the combustion of AlB2.
Sarsasapogenin, a principal active component absorbed into blood of total saponins of Anemarrhena, attenuates proliferation and invasion in rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast‐like synoviocytes through downregulating PKM2 inhibited pathological glycolysis
Authors: Dai Yuan , Liu Panwang , Wen Wen , Li Ping , Yang Chen , Wang Ping , Xu Shijun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIncreased glycolytic in fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) not only contributes to early‐stage disease pathogenesis but leads to sustained proliferation of FLS. Given the importance of PKM2 in glycolysis and apoptosis, PKM2 is considered a potential therapeutic and drug discovery target in RA. Total saponins of anemarrhena (TSA), a class of steroid saponins, originated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge. In this study, we verified that 200 mg/kg TSA could significantly alleviate inflammation and the pathological characteristics of RA and inhibit synovial hyperplasia in AA rats. We confirmed that sarsasapogenin (SA) was the principal active ingredient absorbed into the blood of TSA by the UPLC/Q Exactive MS test. Then we used TNF‐α‐induced MH7A to get the conclusion that 20 μM SA could effectively inhibit the glycolysis by inhibiting the activity of PKM2 tetramer and glucose uptake. Moreover, 20 μM SA could suppress proliferation, migration, invasion, and cytokine release of FLS, interfere with the growth cycle of FLS, and induce FLS apoptosis by depressing the phosphorylation of PKM2. At last, In‐1, a potent inhibitor of the PKM2 was used to reverse verify the above results. Taken together, the key mechanisms of SA on RA treatment through downregulating the activity of PKM2 tetramer and phosphorylation of PKM2 inhibited pathological glycolysis and induced apoptosis to exert inhibition on the proliferation and invasion of RA FLS.
Helical Structure Endows Liquid Crystal Planar Optics with a Customizable Working Band
Authors: Chen Quan‐Ming , Xu Chun‐Ting , Liang Xiao , Hu Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWavefront control lies in the heart of optics. Multi‐degree orthogonal manipulation of light, especially the on‐demand tailoring of the working band and spatial phase front, is expected to fully exhibit the superiority of photons as information carriers. Here, the recent progress on the customizable working band of liquid crystal planar optics enabled by helical structures is reviewed. Broadband transmissive devices with mirror‐symmetric helical structures, broadband reflective Bragg‐Berry phase elements based on cholesteric liquid crystals, transflective phase modulations of a piecewise twisted structure, and external field shifted bands of planar optics are summarized. In addition to the customization of the geometric phase and working band, manipulation of other optical parameters is discussed. The tremendous self‐assemblies and diverse external field responsiveness make liquid crystals a perfect platform for full‐dimensional manipulation of light.
Microfluidics‐Based Force Spectroscopy Enables High‐Throughput Force Experiments with Sub‐Nanometer Resolution and Sub‐Piconewton Sensitivity
Authors: Kerkhoff Yannic , Azizi Latifeh , Mykuliak Vasyl V. , Hytönen Vesa P. , Block Stephan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeveral techniques have been established to quantify the mechanicals of single molecules. However, most of them show only limited capabilities of parallelizing the measurement by performing many individual measurements simultaneously. Herein, a microfluidics‐based single‐molecule force spectroscopy method, which achieves sub‐nanometer spatial resolution and sub‐piconewton sensitivity and is capable of simultaneously quantifying hundreds of single‐molecule targets in parallel, is presented. It relies on a combination of total internal reflection microscopy and microfluidics, in which monodisperse fluorescent beads are immobilized on the bottom of a microfluidic channel by macromolecular linkers. Application of a flow generates a well‐defined shear force acting on the beads, whereas the nanomechanical linker response is quantified based on the force‐induced displacement of individual beads. To handle the high amount of data generated, a cluster analysis which is capable of a semi‐automatic identification of measurement artifacts and molecular populations is implemented. The method is validated by probing the mechanical response polyethylene glycol linkers and binding strength of biotin–NeutrAvidin complexes. Two energy barriers (at 3 and 5.7 Å, respectively) in the biotin–NeutrAvidin interaction are resolved and the unfolding behavior of talin's rod domain R3 in the force range between 1 to ≈10 pN is probed.
Self‐Catalytic Ternary Compounds for Efficient Synthesis of High‐Quality Boron Nitride Nanotubes
Authors: Wang Nanyang , Ding Liping , Li Taotao , Zhang Kai , Wu Liyun , Zhou Zhengyang , He Qian , He Xuhua , Wang Xuebin , Hu Yue , Ding Feng , Zhang Jin , Yao Yagang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe large‐scale synthesis of high‐quality boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) has attracted considerable interests due to their applications in nanocomposites, thermal management, and so on. Despite decades of development, efficient preparation of high‐quality BNNTs, which relies on the effective design of precursors and catalysts and deep insights into the catalytic mechanisms, is still urgently needed. Here, a self‐catalytic process is designed to grow high‐quality BNNTs using ternary W–B–Li compounds. W–B–Li compounds provide boron source and catalyst for BNNTs growth. High‐quality BNNTs are successfully obtained via this approach. Density functional theory‐based molecular dynamics (DFT‐MD) simulations demonstrate that the Li intercalation into the lattice of W2B5 promotes the formation of W–B–Li liquid and facilitates the compound evaporation for efficient BNNTs growth. This work demonstrates a high‐efficient self‐catalytic growth of high‐quality BNNTs via ternary W–B–Li compounds, providing a new understanding of high‐quality BNNTs growth.