bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superconductivity in the bcc‐Type High‐Entropy Alloy TiHfNbTaMo
Authors: Zeng Lingyong , Zhan Jie , Boubeche Mebrouka , Li Kuan , Li Longfu , Yu Peifeng , Wang Kangwang , Zhang Chao , Jin Kui , Sun Yan , Luo Huixia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractX‐ray powder diffraction, electrical resistivity, magnetization, and thermodynamic measurements are conducted to investigate the structure and superconducting properties of TiHfNbTaMo, a novel high‐entropy alloy possessing a valence electron count (VEC) of 4.8. The TiHfNbTaMo HEA is discovered to have a body‐centered cubic structure (space group ) with lattice parameters a = 3.445 (1) Å and a microscopically homogeneous distribution of the constituent elements. This material shows type‐II superconductivity with Tc = 3.42 K, lower critical field µ0Hc1(0) = 22.8 mT, and upper critical field µ0Hc2(0) = 3.95 T. Low‐temperature specific heat measurements show that the alloy is a conventional s‐wave type with a moderately coupled superconductor. First‐principles calculations show that the density of states (DOS) of the TiHfNbTaMo alloy is dominated by hybrid d orbitals of these five metal elements. Additionally, the TiHfNbTaMo HEA exhibits three van Hove singularities. Furthermore, the VEC and the composition of the elements (especially the Nb elemental content) affect the Tc of the bcc‐type HEA.
Morphology Control for Efficient Nonfused Acceptor‐Based Organic Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Xiao Yang , Yao Huifeng , Chen Zhihao , Yang Ni , Song Chang Eun , Wang Jingwen , Li Zi , Yu Yue , Ryu Du Hyeon , Shin Won Suk , Hao Xiaotao , Hou Jianhui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNon‐fused electron acceptors have huge advantages in fabricating low‐cost organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. However, morphology control is a challenge as non‐fused C─C single bonds bring more molecular conformations. Here, by selecting two typical polymer donors, PBDB‐TF and PBQx‐TF, the blend morphologies and its impacts on the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of non‐fused acceptor‐based OPV cells are studied. A selenium‐containing non‐fused acceptor named ASe‐5 is designed. The results suggest that PBQx‐TF has a lower miscibility with ASe‐5 when compared with PBDB‐TF. Additionally, the polymer networks may form earlier in the PBQx‐TF:ASe‐5 blend film due to stronger preaggregation performance, leading to a more obvious phase separation. The PBQx‐TF:ASe‐5 blend film shows faster charge transfer and suppressed charge recombination. As a result, the PBQx‐TF:ASe‐5‐based device records a good PCE of 14.7% with a higher fill factor (FF) of 0.744, while the PBDB‐TF:ASe‐5‐based device only obtains a moderate PCE of 12.3% with a relatively low FF of 0.662. The work demonstrates that the selection of donors plays a crucial role in controlling the blend morphology and thus improving the PCEs of non‐fused acceptor‐based OPV cells.
TAM‐Hijacked Immunoreaction Rescued by Hypoxia‐Pathway‐Intervened Strategy for Enhanced Metastatic Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Jiang Tianze , Wang Bingjie , Wang Teng , Zhang Lianxiao , Chen Xiangyan , Zhao Xia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractImmunotherapy is regarded as a prospective strategy against metastatic cancer. However, tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs), which accumulate in hypoxic tumor microenvironment, reduce the effectiveness of immunotherapy by blocking or “hijacking” the initiation of the immune response. Here, a novel tumor‐targeted nanoplatform loaded with hypoxia‐pathway‐intervened docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and chemotherapeutic drug carfilzomib (CFZ) is developed, which realizes the rescue of TAM‐hijacked immune response and effective metastatic cancer immunotherapy. DHA is conjugated to fucoidan (Fuc) via a reduction cleavable selenylsulfide bond (SSe) for micelle preparation, and CFZ is encapsulated in the hydrophobic cores of micelles. The functionalized nanoplatforms (Fuc─SSe─DHA (FSSeD)–CFZs) induce immunogenic cell death, inhibit hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α expression, and improve immunosuppression by TAM suppression. FSSeD–CFZs enhance immune response against primary tumor development and metastasis formation. In brief, the novel rescue strategy for TAM‐hijacked immunoreaction by inhibiting hypoxia pathway has the potential and clinically translational significance for enhanced metastatic cancer immunotherapy.
Nonparanormal graph quilting with applications to calcium imaging
Authors: Chang Andersen , Zheng Lili , Dasarathy Gautam , Allen Genevera I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProbabilistic graphical models have become an important unsupervised learning tool for detecting network structures for a variety of problems, including the estimation of functional neuronal connectivity from two‐photon calcium imaging data. However, in the context of calcium imaging, technological limitations only allow for partially overlapping layers of neurons in a brain region of interest to be jointly recorded. In this case, graph estimation for the full data requires inference for edge selection when many pairs of neurons have no simultaneous observations. This leads to the graph quilting problem, which seeks to estimate a graph in the presence of block‐missingness in the empirical covariance matrix. Solutions for the graph quilting problem have previously been studied for Gaussian graphical models; however, neural activity data from calcium imaging are often non‐Gaussian, thereby requiring a more flexible modelling approach. Thus, in our work, we study two approaches for nonparanormal graph quilting based on the Gaussian copula graphical model, namely, a maximum likelihood procedure and a low rank‐based framework. We provide theoretical guarantees on edge recovery for the former approach under similar conditions to those previously developed for the Gaussian setting, and we investigate the empirical performance of both methods using simulations as well as real data calcium imaging data. Our approaches yield more scientifically meaningful functional connectivity estimates compared to existing Gaussian graph quilting methods for this calcium imaging data set.
Bypassing Sulfonyl Halides: Synthesis of Sulfonamides from Other Sulfur‐Containing Building Blocks
Authors: Sosunovych Bohdan , Vashchenko Bohdan V. , Andriashvili Vladyslav A. , Grygorenko Oleksandr O. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis review disclosed synthetic approaches to sulfonyl amides from non‐sulfonyl halogenated precursors. Known methods were systematized into groups and subgroups according to the type of starting organosulfur compound. Thiols, disulfides, and sulfonamides form a group of S(II)‐containing precursors, which are used in oxidative amination reactions. An important and versatile group for oxidative amination is represented with S(IV)‐containing compounds, i. e., sufinates, sulfinamides, DMSO, N‐sulfinyl‐O‐(tert‐butyl)hydroxylamine, etc. A series of S(VI)‐containing precursors for amination reactions (except sulfonyl halides) include sulfonic acids, sulfonyl azides, thiosulfonates, and sulfones. All approaches are represented with the most prominent examples of the resulting sulfonamides, which could be obtained in high yields mostly via short reaction sequences. Promising electrochemical methods for the preparation of sulfonamides from thiols, disulfides, sulfonamides, sulfinic acid derivatives, and dimethyl sulfoxide under mild and green conditions are also highlighted.
Spatio‐temporal investigation of reported cases of animal rabies in Ghana from 2010 to 2017
Authors: Turkson Paa Kobina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRabies is a zoonotic disease transmitted mainly by animals, especially dogs.ObjectiveThe aim of the article was to examine reported cases of animal rabies in Ghana for trends to provide information that could be helpful to control the disease.MethodRetrospective analyses of reported cases of rabies in Ghana from 2010 to 2017.ResultsIn all, 328 rabies cases were recorded in animals in the period under review. The predominant species involved were dogs (299; 91.2%) and cats (12; 3.7%). Other species included pigs (4; 1.2%), goats (4; 1.2%), monkeys (4; 1.2%), sheep (2; 0.6%), bats (2; 0.6%) and cattle (1; 0.3%). The numbers of reported cases in animals were markedly higher than those in humans except in 2013 and 2017. There was a positive but weak correlation between cases in animals and humans which could be due to lack of reporting collaboration between institutions responsible for these. Greater Accra and Ashanti Regions were identified as hotspots in the period under review, while January and August were the months with the highest peaks for cases reported. Cases reported in rainy season were significantly higher than those in dry season. Poisson regression for spatio‐temporal analyses showed no statistical significance in predicting number of rabies cases (response variable) from year, month, season, region and affected species (predictor variables).ConclusionRabies remained endemic in Ghana during 2010–2017 with cases reported in nearly every month of the year during this period. There was a significant seasonal pattern with higher proportion of cases reported in the rainy/wet season compared to the dry season.
Subchondral bone remodeling patterns in larger animal models of meniscal injuries inducing knee osteoarthritis – a systematic review
Authors: Oláh Tamás , Cucchiarini Magali , Madry Henning 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeElucidating subchondral bone remodeling in preclinical models of traumatic meniscus injury may address clinically relevant questions about determinants of knee osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsStudies on subchondral bone remodeling in larger animal models applying meniscal injuries as standardizing entity were systematically analyzed. Of the identified 5367 papers reporting total or partial meniscectomy, meniscal transection or destabilization, 0.4% (in guinea pigs, rabbits, dogs, minipigs, sheep) remained eligible.ResultsOnly early or mid‐term time points were available. Larger joint sizes allow reporting higher topographical details. The most frequently reported parameters were BV/TV (61%), BMD (41%), osteophytes (41%) and subchondral bone plate thickness (39%). Subchondral bone plate microstructure is not comprehensively, subarticular spongiosa microstructure is well characterized. The subarticular spongiosa is altered shortly before the subchondral bone plate. These early changes involve degradation of subarticular trabecular elements, reduction of their number, loss of bone volume and reduced mineralization. Soon thereafter, the previously normal subchondral bone plate becomes thicker. Its porosity first increases, then decreases.ConclusionThe specific human topographical pattern of a thinner subchondral bone plate in the region below both menisci is present solely in the larger species (partly in rabbits), but absent in rodents, an important fact to consider when designing animal studies examining subchondral consequences of meniscus damage. Large animal models are capable of providing high topographical detail, suggesting that they may represent suitable study systems reflecting the clinical complexities. For advanced OA, significant gaps of knowledge exist. Future investigations assessing the subchondral bone in a standardized fashion are warranted.
Thermoregulation in the wild boar (Sus scrofa)
Authors: Ruf Thomas , Vetter Sebastian G. , Painer-Gigler Johanna , Stalder Gabrielle , Bieber Claudia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe wild boar (Sus scrofa) originates from warm islands but now inhabits large areas of the world, with Antarctica as the only continent not inhabited by this species. One might be tempted to think that its wide distribution results from increasing environmental temperatures. However, any effect of temperature is only indirect: Abundant availability of critical food resources can fully compensate the negative effects of cold winters on population growth. Here, we asked if temperature as a habitat factor is unimportant compared with other habitat indices, simply because wild boars are excellent thermoregulators. We found that the thermoneutral zone in summer was approximately 6–24 °C. In winter, the thermoneutral zone was lowered to 0–7 °C. The estimated increase in the heart rate and energy expenditure in the cold was less than 30% per 10 °C temperature decline. This relatively small increase of energy expenditure during cold exposure places the wild boar in the realm of arctic animals, such as the polar bear, whereas tropical mammals raise their energy expenditure several fold. The response of wild boars to high Tawas weak across all seasons. In the heat, wild boars avoid close contact to conspecifics and particularly use wallowing in mud or other wet substrates to cool and prevent hyperthermia. Wild boars also rely on daily cycles, especially of rhythms in subcutaneous temperature that enables them to cheaply build large core–shell gradients, which serve to lower heat loss. We argue it is predominantly this ability which allowed wild boars to inhabit most climatically diverse areas in the world.
Spectroscopically Orthogonal Labelling to Disentangle Site-Specific Nitroxide Label Distributions
Authors: Vitali Valentina , Ackermann Katrin , Hagelueken Gregor , Bode Bela E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBiomolecular applications of pulse dipolar electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (PDS) are becoming increasingly valuable in structural biology. Site-directed spin labelling of proteins is routinely performed using nitroxides, with paramagnetic metal ions and other organic radicals gaining popularity as alternative spin centres. Spectroscopically orthogonal spin labelling using different types of labels potentially increases the information content available from a single sample. When analysing experimental distance distributions between two nitroxide spin labels, the site-specific rotamer information has been projected into the distance and is not readily available, and the contributions of individual labelling sites to the width of the distance distribution are not obvious from the PDS data. Here, we exploit the exquisite precision of labelling double-histidine (dHis) motifs with CuII chelate complexes. The contribution of this label to the distance distribution widths in model protein GB1 has been shown to be negligible. By combining a dHis CuII labelling site with cysteine-specific nitroxide labelling, we gather insights on the label rotamers at two distinct sites, comparing their contributions to distance distributions based on different in silico modelling approaches and structural models. From this study, it seems advisable to consider discrepancies between different in silico modelling approaches when selecting labelling sites for PDS studies.
Do renewable energy and total factor productivity eliminate CO2 emissions in Turkey?
Authors: Mukhtarov Shahriyar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the impact of renewable energy consumption, total factor productivity (TFP), income, imports, and exports on consumption-based CO2 emissions in Turkey from 1990 to 2019, utilizing the Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) method. The findings indicated that the use of renewable energy, total factor productivity and exports negatively influence CO2 emissions. On the other hand, the positive impact of income and imports on CO2 emissions was found. The negative impact of renewable energy consumption and total factor productivity highlights the importance of implementing environmentally friendly measures in the energy sector (particularly raising the proportion of renewable energy in overall energy consumption) and technological innovation.
Online Assessment of Social Cognition in a Population of Gamers and Gamblers: Results of the eSMILE Study
Authors: Hurel Elodie , Grall-Bronnec Marie , Challet-Bouju Gaëlle 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the eSMILE study was to explore social cognition (SC) in the two behavioural addictions (BAs) included in international classifications: gaming disorder and gambling disorder. In these disorders, cognitive functioning is involved in the development and maintenance of addiction. Nevertheless, SC have received less attention than other cognitive functions. The eSMILE study was conducted online and included 105 participants (gamers and gamblers). This study included: the Penn emotion recognition task, the Condensed and Revised Multifaced Empathy Test, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, the Chicken Game, social metacognition questions, and the Toronto Alexithymia Scale. We analysed the relationships among SC measures, addiction levels, and behaviour frequency. For gamers, we showed that the higher their level of addiction was, the lower their self-confidence following the identification of basic emotions, although the more frequently they played, the better their performance on this task. Additionally, we found lower performance on the identification of more complex emotions by gamblers, which seems to be the result of their levels of addiction rather than the frequency of their gambling behaviour. This study contributes to our understanding of the cognitive processes underlying BAs. Additionally, working on SC abilities may be an additional management mode for BAs that could be added to existing treatments.
Guideline adherence for cardiometabolic monitoring of patients prescribed antipsychotic medications in primary care: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Ali Ruba Azfr , Jalal Zahraa , Johal Jaspal , Paudyal Vibhu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite their known effectiveness, antipsychotics possess significant cardiometabolic adverse event profiles. Guidelines emphasise routine monitoring, however, practices are known to be suboptimal.

Aim
To investigate the level of cardiometabolic monitoring among people prescribed antipsychotic therapy in primary care, and patient-related factors that may influence monitoring patterns.

Method
Data were collected for patients with mental disorders and prescribed antipsychotics at two general practices in England (February 2016–February 2021). The main outcome measures were the proportion of patients with evidence of monitoring for cardiometabolic parameters (body composition, anthropometrics, lipids, glucose outcomes). Regression analysis was used to explore factors predicting monitoring practices.

Results
Data from 497 patients were included. The proportion of patients receiving cardiometabolic monitoring at least once yearly varied across different parameters. Patients were mostly monitored for BP (92.0%), body weight (BMI > 85.0%) and HDL (72.0%), but to a lesser extent for other lipid parameters (non-HDL < 2.0%) and blood glucose (< 2.0%). Ageing (OR:2.0–7.0, p < 0.001) and chronic conditions (e.g., CVD and Type 2 DM, p < 0.05) were associated with frequent cardiometabolic monitoring. Conversely, antipsychotics with high metabolic risks (olanzapine), patients prescribed antipsychotic polypharmacy (≥ 2 antipsychotics) and cardiometabolic dysregulations (e.g., dyslipidaemias) did not improve monitoring frequencies.

Conclusion
Cardiometabolic health monitoring was generally infrequent, irregular, and did not change in response to abnormal test results or antipsychotic treatment with high cardiometabolic risks, suggesting more efforts need to be made to ensure the guidelines for cardiometabolic monitoring are followed. Future studies should investigate practices by using a large UK primary care database.
Heat of Mixing of the Liquid Silver–Indium and Silver–Gallium–Indium Alloys
Authors: Jendrzejczyk-Handzlik Dominika , Handzlik Piotr 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExperimental studies of the multicomponent systems are necessary in the development of new materials which can be used in various industries. The literature review showed, that the liquid phase in the silver–gallium–indium system has not been studied yet. In the present work the heat of mixing of the liquid silver–indium and silver–gallium–indium alloys was studied using Calvet type MHTC96 calorimeter. Calorimetric measurements were carried out at the temperatures: 973 K, 1123 K and 1273 K for Ag–In alloys, and at 923 K, 1123 K and 1273 K along two cross-sections XAg/XGa = 1:1 and XGa/XIn = 1:1 for Ag–Ga–In alloys. Next, the Redlich–Kister–Muggianu formalism was applied in the mathematical description of the heat of mixing of the liquid silver–gallium–indium alloys. Experimental results obtained in this work are first, which provided information about the thermodynamic properties of the liquid phase in this ternary system.
Progress in infrared transparencies under opto electro thermo and mechanical environments
Authors: Xu Liangge , Guo Shuai , Ralchenko Victor , Gao Gang , Zhang Sam , Zhu Jiaqi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing interest and research focus on infrared optical thin films as essential components in infrared optical systems. In practical applications, extreme environmental factors such as aerodynamic heating and mechanical stresses, electromagnetic interferences, laser interferences, sand erosions, and rain erosions all lead to issues including cracking, wrinkling, and delaminations of infrared thin films. Extreme application environment imposes stringent requirements on functional films, necessitating high surface hardness, stability, and adhesion. Additionally, for multispectral optical transmissions, infrared optical thin films are expected to exhibit high transmittance in the visible and far-infrared wavelength bands while possessing tunability and optical anti-reflection properties in specific wavelength ranges. Electromagnetic shielding requires superior electrical performance, while resisting laser interference demands rapid phase change capabilities. This paper focuses on current research progresses in infrared optical thin films under extreme conditions such as opto, electro, thermos and mechanical environments. Table of Contents Graphic gives detailed outline. Future opportunities and challenges are also highlighted.
Graphical Abstract
Rethinking the utility of the Five Domains model
Authors: Hampton Jordan O , Hemsworth Lauren M , Hemsworth Paul H , Hyndman Timothy H , Sandøe Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Five Domains model is influential in contemporary studies of animal welfare. It was originally presented as a conceptual model to understand the types of impact that procedures may impose on experimental animals. Its application has since broadened to cover a wide range of animal species and forms of animal use. However, it has also increasingly been applied as an animal welfare assessment tool, which is the focus of this paper. Several critical limitations associated with this approach have not been widely acknowledged, including that: (1) it relies upon expert or stakeholder opinion, with little transparency around the selection of these individuals; (2) quantitative scoring is typically attempted despite the absence of clear principles for aggregation of welfare measures and few attempts to account for uncertainty; (3) there have been few efforts to measure the repeatability of findings; and (4) it does not consider indirect and unintentional impacts such as those imposed on non-target animals. These deficiencies lead to concerns surrounding testability, repeatability and the potential for manipulation. We provide suggestions for refinement of how the Five Domains model is applied to partially address these limitations. We argue that the Five Domains model is useful for systematic consideration of all sources of possible welfare compromise and enhancement, but is not, in its current state, fit-for-purpose as an assessment tool. We argue for wider acknowledgment of the operational limits of using the model as an assessment tool, prioritisation of the studies needed for its validation, and encourage improvements to this approach.