bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Driven Droplet Motions Below their Icing Points
Authors: Wang Lizhong , Jiang Guochen , Zhu Dongyu , Tian Ze , Chen Changhao , Hu Xinyu , Peng Rui , Li Daizhou , Zhang Hongjun , Zhao Huanyu , Fan Peixun , Zhong Minlin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLiquid fluidity is a most key prerequisite for a broad range of technologies, from energy, fluid machineries, microfluidic devices, water, and oil transportation to bio‐deliveries. While from thermodynamics, the liquid fluidity gradually diminishes as temperature decreases until completely solidified below icing points. Here, self‐driven droplet motions are discovered and demonstrated occurring in icing environments and accelerating with both moving distances and droplet volumes. The self‐driven motions, including self‐depinning and continuous wriggling, require no surface pre‐preparation or energy input but are triggered by the overpressure spontaneously established during icing and then continuously accelerated by capillary pulling of frosts. Such self‐driven motions are generic to a broad class of liquid types, volumes, and numbers on various micro‐nanostructured surfaces and can be facilely manipulated by introducing pressure gradients spontaneously or externally. The discovery and control of self‐driven motions below icing points can greatly broaden liquid‐related applications in icing environments.
A Uniform Self‐Reinforced Organic/Inorganic Hybrid SEI Chelation Strategy on Microscale Silicon Surfaces for Stable‐Cycling Anodes in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Xin , Tabish Mohammad , Zhu Wenping , Chen Xiaohong , Song Huaihe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA promising anode material for Li‐ion batteries, silicon (Si) suffers from volume expansion‐induced pulverization and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) instability. Microscale Si with high tap density and high initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) has become a more anticipated choice, but it will exacerbate the above issues. In this work, the polymer polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane‐lithium bis (allylmalonato) borate (PSLB) is constructed by in situ chelation on microscale Si surfaces via click chemistry. This polymerized nanolayer has an “organic/inorganic hybrid flexible cross‐linking” structure that can accommodate the volume change of Si. Under the stable framework formed by PSLB, a large number of oxide anions on the chain segment preferentially adsorb LiPF6 and further induce the integration of inorganic‐rich, dense SEI, which improves the mechanical stability of SEI and provides accelerated kinetics for Li+ transfer. Therefore, the Si4@PSLB anode exhibits significantly enhanced long‐cycle performance. After 300 cycles at 1 A g−1, it can still provide a specific capacity of 1083 mAh g−1. Cathode‐coupled with LiNi0.9Co0.05Mn0.05O2 (NCM90) in the full cell retains 80.8% of its capacity after 150 cycles at 0.5 C.
The Effect of the Alkyl Chains of the Alkylammonium Pesudohalide Additives on the Performance of Dion Jacobson Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Cui Xiaodan , Zhang Hui , Duan Jianing , Dong Jingjin , Xi Jun , Shao Shuyan , Fei Zhuping , Li Zhen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDion‐Jacobson perovskite (DJP) films suffer from the high structural disorder and non‐compact morphology, leading to inefficient and unstable solar cells (SCs). Here, how the alkyl chains of alkylammonium pseudohalide additives including methylammonium thiocyanate (MASCN) and ethylammonium thiocyanate (EASCN), and propylammonium thiocyanate (PASCN), impact the microstructures, optoelectronic properties and the performance of the solar cells is investigated. These additives substantially improve the structural order and the morphology of the DJP films, yielding more efficient and stable solar cells than the control device. They behave quite differently in modifying the morphological features. Particularly, EASCN outstands the additives in terms of the superior morphology, which is compact and uniform and consists of the largest flaky grains. Consequently, the corresponding device delivers a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.27% and maintains ≈86% of the initial PCE after aging in the air for 182 h. Conversely, MASCN as an additive produces uneven DJP film and the device maintains only 46% of the initial PCE. PASCN as an additive produces the finest grains in the DJP film, and the corresponding device yields a PCE of 11.95%. From the economical point of view, it costs 0.0025 yuan per device for the EASCN additive, allowing for cost‐effective perovskite solar cells.
Ultralight and Superelastic Curly Micro/Nanofibrous Aerogels by Direct Electrospinning Enable High‐Performance Warmth Retention
Authors: Wang Sai , Zhu Chaohu , Wang Fei , Yu Jianyong , Zhang Shichao , Ding Bin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExtremely low temperature has posed huge burden on the public safety concerns and global economics, thereby calling for high‐performance warmth retention materials to resist harsh environment. However, most present fibrous warmth retention materials are limited by their large fiber diameter and simple stacking structure, leading to heavy weight, weak mechanical property, and limited thermal insulation performance. Herein, an ultralight and mechanically robust polystyrene/polyurethane fibrous aerogel by direct electrospinning for warmth retention is reported. Manipulation of charge density and phase separation of charged jet allows for the direct assembly of fibrous aerogels consisting of interweaved curly wrinkled micro/nanofibers. The resultant curly wrinkled micro/nanofibrous aerogel possesses low density of 6.8 mg cm−3 and nearly full recovery from 1500‐cycle deformations, exhibiting both ultralight feature and superelastic property. The aerogel also shows low thermal conductivity of 24.5 mW m−1 K−1, making synthetic warmth retention materials superior to down feather possible. This work may shed light on developing versatile 3D micro/nanofibrous materials for environmental, biological, and energy applications.
Exploring The Synergistic Effect Of CoSeP/CoP Interface Catalyst For Efficient Urea Electrolysis
Authors: Lu Borong , Lv Chunmei , Xie Ying , Gao Lianxin , Yan Jun , Zhu Kai , Wang Guiling , Cao Dianxue , Ye Ke 
Published: June 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic oxidation of urea (UOR) is a potential energy‐saving hydrogen production technology that can replace oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Therefore, CoSeP/CoP interface catalyst is synthesized on nickel foam using hydrothermal, solvothermal, and in situ template methods. The strong interaction of tailored CoSeP/CoP interface promotes the hydrogen production performance of electrolytic urea. During the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the overpotential can reach 33.7 mV at 10 mA cm−2. The cell voltage can reach 1.36 V at 10 mA cm−2 in the overall urea electrolytic process. Notably, the overall urine electrolysis performance of the catalyst in the human urine medium can reach 1.40 V at 10 mA cm−2 and can exhibit durable cycle stability at 100 mA cm−2. Density functional theory (DFT) proves that the CoSeP/CoP interface catalyst can better adsorb and stabilize reaction intermediates CO* and NH* on its surface through a strong synergistic effect, thus enhancing the catalytic activity.
Capillary Evaporation on High‐Dense Conductive Ramie Carbon for Assisting Highly Volumetric‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Wang Qing , Chen Zhenyu , Luo Qitian , Li Haijian , Li Jie , Yang Weiqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConductive biomass carbon possesses unique properties of excellent conductivity and outstanding thermal stability, which can be widely used as conductive additive. However, building the high‐dense conductive biomass carbon with highly graphitized microcrystals at a lower carbonization temperature is still a major challenge because of structural disorder and low crystallinity of source material. Herein, a simple capillary evaporation method to efficiently build the high‐dense conductive ramie carbon (hd‐CRC) with the higher tap density of 0.47 cm3 g−1 than commercialized Super‐C45 (0.16 cm3 g−1) is reported. Such highly graphitized microcrystals of hd‐CRC can achieve the high electrical conductivity of 94.55 S cm−1 at the yield strength of 92.04 MPa , which is higher than commercialized Super‐C45 (83.92 S cm−1 at 92.04 MPa). As a demonstration, hd‐CRC based symmetrical supercapacitors possess a highly volumetric energy density of 9.01 Wh L−1 at 25.87 kW L−1, much more than those of commercialized Super‐C45 (5.06 Wh L−1 and 19.30 kW L−1). Remarkably, the flexible package supercapacitor remarkably presents a low leakage current of 10.27 mA and low equivalent series resistance of 3.93 mΩ. Evidently, this work is a meaningful step toward high‐dense conductive biomass carbon from traditional biomass graphite carbon, greatly promoting the highly‐volumetric–performance supercapacitors.
RFPM: A RSU‐aided framework for pseudonym management to preserve location privacy in IoV
Authors: Kumari Indu , Singh Pranav Kumar , Gowtham Shivram N. , Nandi Sukumar , Ghosh Uttam , Rawat Danda B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has become a rapidly growing research area, with the USA, EU, and Japan leading the way. IoV safety applications rely on broadcasting messages to communicate with peers and infrastructure. However, these messages contain sensitive information that can be used by an adversary to track vehicles' movements or cause chaos if not properly protected, resulting in location privacy concerns. Despite various schemes being proposed to address this issue, a standard approach to providing proper privacy to IoV users has yet to be established. This article proposes a roadside unit (RSU)‐aided framework for pseudonym management to preserve location privacy in IoV by enabling anonymity. The RSUs function as key entities, collecting, distributing, and shuffling pseudonyms for use by vehicles to enforce anonymity. The proposed framework has been evaluated through experimental simulations on PREXT, demonstrating better performance than existing schemes in terms of privacy metrics, including traceability, anonymity set, confusion matrix, and maximum entropy. Realistic terrain has been taken into account, and the framework is designed to be flexible and adaptable for future needs.
Arsenic and total dissolved solids removal using antibacterial/antifouling nanofiltration membranes modified by functionalized graphene oxide and copper ferrodioxide
Authors: Gholami Foad , Ghanizadeh Ghader , Zinatizadeh Ali Akbar , Zinadini Sirus , Masoumbeigi Hossein 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe intrinsic hydrophilicity of metal compounds, such as copper ferrite (CuFe2O4), and organic compounds, including graphene oxide (GO) and triethylenetetramine (TETA), make them promising adsorbents for heavy metals removal. The presence of lone pairs in these compounds is observed in modified polyethersulfone membranes used for the separation of arsenic (As) and total dissolved solids (TDS), including mono and divalent salts from aqueous solutions. The objective of this study was to investigate the performance of GO–TETA–CuFe2O4 membranes for wastewater treatment applications. The membranes were characterized for their optimal mechanical strength (tensile strength) and high negative charge (zeta potential) on the surface. Separation tests were conducted at different pressures and pH levels to evaluate the membrane's effectiveness in removing contaminants. In addition, the membranes were examined for their antibacterial properties. The modified membrane exhibited superior performance compared with the control membrane, with TDS removal rates of 93.8%, As3+ removal rates of 81.2%, and As5+ removal rates of 87.9%. The contact angle of the modified membrane was reduced, resulting in an increase in pure water flux from 13.11 to 27.87 L/m2.h. The modified membrane also demonstrated significantly higher resistance to fouling than the control membrane, with a resistance increase from 6.78 × 10+12 to 2.07 × 10+12 m−1. This contributed to the improved separation performance of As and TDS in a cross‐flow setup. The results suggest that the GO–TETA–CuFe2O4 modified membrane has great potential for use in water treatment applications.Practitioner Points

GO–TETA–CuFe2O4 was successfully used for modification of PES NF membrane structure.
The efficiency of blended NF membranes with GO–TETA–CuFe2O4 significantly increased.
The modified membranes exhibited significant water flux and antifouling properties.
The GO–TETA–CuFe2O4/PES membranes showed high rejection of heavy metal ions and TDS than PES.
The GO–TETA–CuFe2O4/PES membranes exhibited desirable antibacterial activity.
Injection: A Gender Perspective on Domestic Slavery
Authors: Karras Ruth Mazo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis “injection” comes from the point of view of a historian of slavery turned historian of sexuality. The history of sexuality sits very uneasily with the history of enslavement, however, because of the problem of agency and its relationship to consent. Historians must not erase the personhood of the enslaved and their ability to make choices; but the realm within which they make those choices is so constrained that recognizing their agency can be akin to blaming the victim or implying consent when it cannot really be given.
Slavery in Late Ming China
Authors: Chevaleyre Claude 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSlavery is not a commonly discussed topic in late imperial Chinese history—indeed, as much as late imperial China is not an area usually discussed in world and global slavery studies. The ubiquity of the “feudal” analytical framework in Chinese historiography and the image of the archetypal “slave” have resulted in the widespread idea that there was no slavery in (early-) modern China (and Eastern Asia). This chapter reevaluates this widely accepted preconception by shedding light on the overlooked and unique succession of “slave revolts” that erupted in China’s economic centers between the 1630s and the 1660s. The focus on this particular moment in Chinese history and on the sources produced in its aftermath serves as an entry point to understanding the life experiences of Chinese nubi, a category of enslaved people that persisted until its formal abolition in the last years of the imperial regime.
Ancient Egyptian Slavery
Authors: Karev Ella 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides a broad-strokes overview of the forms of enslavement and coerced labor in Egypt from the Old Kingdom (c. 2600 BCE) to the end of the Ptolemaic period (30 BCE), tracking the methods of entry into and exit from enslaved status, as well as the extraction of slave labor. Although there are some constants—such as enslavement through capture in war—over the course of nearly three millennia of Egyptian history, the forms of enslavement and coerced labor manifested differently as the state underwent societal and economic change.
American Slaveries Since Emancipation
Authors: Armstrong Catherine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores the continuing existence of slavery-like practices within the United States itself and in its sites of imperial interest between the years 1870 and 1939. It also probes the changing ways that chattel slavery has been remembered and memorialized in the United States. It constructs a narrative of the nation’s selective forgetting and obscuring of slavery. The United States worked to sever its present from the past of “our slavery days,” refusing to countenance any continuities. There was also a denial of the persistence of slavery-like labor forms within the United States. This was vocally and actively challenged, resisted, manipulated, and adapted by the African American community and its allies; the chapter also tells this story.
North Korean Slavery and Forced Labor in Present-Day Europe
Authors: Breuker Remco E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter deals with the practice of exploiting North Korean workers in the European Union through human trafficking, forced labor, and the suspension of most personal liberties. As a form of state-driven contemporary slavery, it starts from legal premises: the workers arrive with valid visas, residence permits, and work permits. They then find themselves in a miniaturized reproduction of North Korean society: with their minder came the entire socio-ideological structure of constraint—daily compulsory meetings, confession and criticism sessions, ideology instruction lectures, etc.—, which is recreated in situ in order to legitimize and make practically possible the extraction of labor and the removal of personal freedoms.
Conclusion: Situating Slavery Studies in the Field of Global History
Authors: Schiel Juliane 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe chapters of this handbook presented slavery both as a global practice having existed from Old Babylonia to the present day and as an institution with globalizing effects connecting people, places, and commodities, sometimes over great distances. The contributions have shown how people have entered enslavement, been exploited as slaves, and attempted or managed to exit slavery across time and space. At any given time, people have been born into slavery and captured or kidnapped by soldiers, warriors, or pirates.
Rotationally invariant isospinning baby-skyrmions dressed by fermions
Authors: Barsanti Marco , Tallarita Gianni 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We couple Fermions to the isospinning (2+1) baby-skyrme model. We show that consistent rotationally invariant localised solutions can be found but the Fermionic solutions to the equations of motion are not in general eigenstates of the Hamiltonian. These do however become full eigenstates in a particular limit. We also find the corresponding Fermionic eigenstates of the Hamiltonian, for which our Fermion ansatz is also well suited. For localised Fermionic states, a novel constraint on the internal isospin frequency exists. Throughout our studies, we include the backreaction of the Fermions on the baby-skyrmion.
Meaning–thinking–AI
Authors: Soeffner Jan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper makes the case for a sharper terminology regarding AIs cognitive abilities. In arguing that thinking requires more than content production, I offer a definition of meaning drawing on a clear distinction between living and machine intelligence. A pivotal argument is the re-use of the Turing Test (TT) for understanding which theories of meaning and consciousness are no longer plausible—because they have been reproduced by software without thereby gaining conscious experience. In following the few theories that have not (yet) failed this reversed Turing Test (RTT), the focus turns towards rethinking the human condition in times of AI along the lines of three questions: What if a machine developed consciousness? What if AI proceeded without developing a consciousness? What, if machinic and human intelligence merged? These three questions in the end lead to examining three related possible futures of humanism as now determined by the relation between Human Intelligence and AI.
Super-resolution analysis via machine learning: a survey for fluid flows
Authors: Fukami Kai , Fukagata Koji , Taira Kunihiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper surveys machine-learning-based super-resolution reconstruction for vortical flows. Super resolution aims to find the high-resolution flow fields from low-resolution data and is generally an approach used in image reconstruction. In addition to surveying a variety of recent super-resolution applications, we provide case studies of super-resolution analysis for an example of two-dimensional decaying isotropic turbulence. We demonstrate that physics-inspired model designs enable successful reconstruction of vortical flows from spatially limited measurements. We also discuss the challenges and outlooks of machine-learning-based super-resolution analysis for fluid flow applications. The insights gained from this study can be leveraged for super-resolution analysis of numerical and experimental flow data.Graphical abstract
Normo‐or slightly overcorrection show better results after medial closing wedge high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Machado Axel , Micicoi Lolita , Ernat Justin , Schippers Philipp , Bernard de Dompsure Régis , Bronsard Nicolas , Gonzalez Jean‐François , Micicoi Grégoire 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objectives of this study were to evaluate functional results, revision‐free survival, and the influence of postoperative alignment on outcomes after MCWHTO.MethodsThis retrospective study included 27 MCWHTO operated on from 2009 to 2021. Radiographic measurements were performed pre‐ and postoperatively.The HKA (Hip‐Knee‐Ankle angle), MPTA (Medial Proximal Tibial angle), LDFA (Lateral Distal Femoral Angle), JLO (Joint Line Obliquity), and JLCA (Joint Line Convergence Angle) were evaluated. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), the International Knee Society (IKS) Function and Knee Score, and the Subjective Knee Value (SKV) as well as revision‐free survival were evaluated. Postoperative alignment and its influence on clinical outcomes were also analysed.ResultsThe mean follow‐up was 61.9 months ± 31.4 (13–124). The HKA, MPTA, and JLCA angles were decreased post‐operatively (respectively, Δ = 5.9° ± 2.6, p < 0.001; Δ = 6.1° ± 3.2, p < 0.001 and Δ = 2.5° ± 1.9, p < 0.001). LDFA and JLO were unchanged, post‐operatively (respectively, Δ = 0.1° ± 2.2, p = 0.93 and Δ = 1.2° ± 3.3, p = 0.23). Postoperative HKA correlated with knee IKS (R = − 0.15, p = 0.04) and function IKS (R = − 0.44, p = 0.03). Postoperative LDFA correlated with knee IKS(R = 0.8, p < 0.01). Patients with postoperative HKA ≤ 180° had better KOOS (Δ = 12.3, p = 0.04) and IKS function (Δ = 28.1, p < 0.01) than those with HKA > 180°.ConclusionFunctional results and revision‐free survival after MCWHTO are satisfactory when the deformity is located in the proximal tibia. The joint line obliquity is not significantly altered with small tibial correction and, obtaining an overall neutral or slightly varus alignment under the conditions of this study allowed an improvement in the postoperative clinical scores. The literature is still inconclusive on the ideal alignment for valgus deformities and larger series are needed to draw definitive conclusions.Level of evidenceIV, case series.
A scoping review on quality assessment tools used in systematic reviews and meta-analysis of real-world studies
Authors: Gebrye Tadesse , Fatoye Francis , Mbada Chidozie , Hakimi Zalmai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRisk of bias tools is important in identifying inherent methodical flaws and for generating evidence in studies involving systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs), hence the need for sensitive and study-specific tools. This study aimed to review quality assessment (QA) tools used in SRs and MAs involving real-world data. Electronic databases involving PubMed, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and MEDLINE were searched for SRs and MAs involving real-world data. Search was delimited to articles published in English, and between inception to 20 of November 2022 following the SRs and MAs extension for scoping checklist. Sixteen articles on real-world data published between 2016 and 2021 that reported their methodological quality met the inclusion criteria. Seven of these articles were observational studies, while the others were of interventional type. Overall, 16 QA tools were identified. Except one, all the QA tools employed in SRs and MAs involving real-world data are generic, and only three of these were validated. Generic QA tools are mostly used for real-world data SRs and MAs, while no validated and reliable specific tool currently exist. Thus, there is need for a standardized and specific QA tool of SRs and MAs for real-world data.