bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impending Civil Strife or Further Evidence of Non-Attitudes? A Review Article
Authors: Iyengar Shanto 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this review article, Shanto Iyengar summarizes the book's key findings on the psychological antecedents of support for violence and the political contexts that either facilitate or discourage outbreaks of violence. Given recent events, the book is certainly timely and theoretically insightful. However, the evidence on which the book is based is limited; it is likely that that the authors have provided vastly inflated estimates of support for violence caused by “non-attitudes” and measurement unreliability.
Diversity in Schools: Immigrants and the Educational Performance of U.S.-Born Students
Authors: Figlio David , Giuliano Paola , Marchingiglio Riccardo , Ozek Umut , Sapienza Paola 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study the effect of exposure to immigrants on the educational outcomes of U.S.-born students, using a unique dataset combining population-level birth and school records from Florida. This research question is complicated by the substantial school selection of U.S.-born students, especially among White and comparatively affluent students, in response to the presence of immigrant students in the school. We propose a new identification strategy, comparing sibling outcomes with the inclusion of family fixed effects, to partial out the unobserved non-random selection of native-born families into schools. We find that the presence of immigrant students has a positive effect on the academic achievement of U.S.-born students, especially for students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Moreover, the presence of immigrants does not negatively affect the performance of affluent U.S.-born students, who typically show a higher academic achievement compared to immigrant students. We provide suggestive evidence on potential channels.
Connected Funds
Authors: Fricke Daniel , Wilke Hannes 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Mutual funds often invest in other funds. In this paper, we analyze the economics behind such cross-fund investments and investigate their financial stability implications. Using granular data for the German fund sector, our main findings are that cross-fund investments (a) are becoming increasingly important over time, (b) were heavily liquidated during March 2020, and (c) display measurable contagion effects. Overall, cross-fund investments can elevate structural fund sector vulnerabilities.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Resveratrol inhibits AhR/Notch axis and reverses Th17/Treg imbalance in purpura by activating Foxp3
Authors: Cheng Jing , Wang Sheng , Lv Shi-Qin , Song Yuan , Guo Ning-Hong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Resveratrol has been reported to reverse the imbalance of T helper 17/regulatory T (Th17/Treg) by inhibiting the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway to treat immune thrombocytopenia. However, the regulation mechanism of the Notch signaling pathway by resveratrol has not been reported in purpura. This study is aimed to explore the mechanism of resveratrol ultrafine nanoemulsion (Res-mNE) in immune thrombocytopenia.

Methods
The immune thrombocytopenia mouse model was constructed to explore the effect of RES-mNE on immune thrombocytopenia. Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4+) T cells were isolated and treated with different medications. CD4+ T cells were induced to differentiate into Th17 cells and Treg cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of Th17 cells and Treg cells. The secretion was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels.

Results
Th17 cells, IL-17A and IL-22 increased in the immune thrombocytopenia mouse model, and the Treg cells and IL-10 decreased. Res-mNE promoted Treg cell differentiation and IL-10 secretion in CD4+ T cells while inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation and IL-17A and IL-22 levels. The AhR activator 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) reversed the effect of Res-mNE. Notch inhibitors reduced the ratio of Th17/Treg differentiation. Res-mNE activated the expression of Foxp3 by mediating AhR/Notch signaling to reverse the imbalance of Th17/Treg differentiation in immune thrombocytopenia.

Conclusion
Taken together, our findings demonstrated that RES-mNE inhibited the AhR/Notch axis and reversed Th17/Treg imbalance by activating Foxp3.
Adolescents and Young Adults With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Kuisell Clare , Ploutz-Snyder Robert , Williams David A. , Voepel-Lewis Terri , Hutchinson Raymond J. , Dudding Katherine M. , Bridges Celia , Lavoie Smith Ellen M. 
Published: April 2023

Objectives:Some patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) have features of nociplastic pain. While research suggests that many patients with nociplastic pain consume more opioids due to opioid nonresponsiveness, little is known about the impact of nociplastic pain and pain catastrophizing on opioid consumption and pain interference among adolescents and young adults (AYA) with SCD. The purpose of this study was to (1) characterize nociplastic pain and pain catastrophizing among AYA with SCD, and (2) determine whether these characterizations are associated with subsequent opioid consumption and pain interference 1 month after characterization.Methods:Participants completed surveys characterizing nociplastic pain and catastrophizing at a routine clinic visit (baseline). Thereafter, participants received weekly text messages that included pain interference and opioid consumption surveys. Multipredictor 2-part models were used to evaluate the predictive relationships between baseline characterizations and subsequent pain interference, and opioid consumption.Results:Forty-eight AYA aged 14 to 35 completed baseline measures. Twenty-five percent of participants had scores suggestive of nociplastic pain. Greater nociplastic pain features significantly increased the odds of consuming opioids (odds ratio=1.2) and having greater interference from pain (odds ratio=1.46). Regression analyses found that greater baseline nociplastic pain characteristics were significantly associated with opioid consumption (β=0.13) and pain interference (β=0.061); whereas higher pain catastrophizing scores predicted less opioid consumption (β=−0.03) and less pain interference (β=−0.0007).Discussion:In this sample of AYA with SCD, features of nociplastic pain predicted higher subsequent opioid consumption and pain interference. Being aware of nociplastic pain features in patients with SCD may better guide individualized pain management.
Development and validation of a CT-based radiomics model for differentiating pneumonia-like primary pulmonary lymphoma from infectious pneumonia: A multicenter study
Authors: Yu Xinxin , Kang Bing , Nie Pei , Deng Yan , Liu Zixin , Mao Ning , An Yahui , Xu Jingxu , Huang Chencui , Huang Yong , Zhang Yonggao , Hou Yang , Zhang Longjiang , Sun Zhanguo , Zhu Baosen , Shi Rongchao , Zhang Shuai , Sun Cong , Wang Ximing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Pneumonia-like primary pulmonary lymphoma (PPL) was commonly misdiagnosed as infectious pneumonia, leading to delayed treatment. The purpose of this study was to establish a computed tomography (CT)-based radiomics model to differentiate pneumonia-like PPL from infectious pneumonia.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, 79 patients with pneumonia-like PPL and 176 patients with infectious pneumonia from 12 medical centers were enrolled. Patients from center 1 to center 7 were assigned to the training or validation cohort, and the remaining patients from other centers were used as the external test cohort. Radiomics features were extracted from CT images. A three-step procedure was applied for radiomics feature selection and radiomics signature building, including the inter- and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs), a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the significant clinicoradiological variables and construct a clinical factor model. Two radiologists reviewed the CT images for the external test set. Performance of the radiomics model, clinical factor model, and each radiologist were assessed by receiver operating characteristic, and area under the curve (AUC) was compared.

Results:
A total of 144 patients (44 with pneumonia-like PPL and 100 infectious pneumonia) were in the training cohort, 38 patients (12 with pneumonia-like PPL and 26 infectious pneumonia) were in the validation cohort, and 73 patients (23 with pneumonia-like PPL and 50 infectious pneumonia) were in the external test cohort. Twenty-three radiomics features were selected to build the radiomics model, which yielded AUCs of 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.94–0.99), 0.93 (95% CI: 0.85–0.98), and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.87–0.99) in the training, validation, and external test cohort, respectively. The AUCs for the two readers and clinical factor model were 0.74 (95% CI: 0.63–0.83), 0.72 (95% CI: 0.62–0.82), and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.62–0.84) in the external test cohort, respectively. The radiomics model outperformed both the readers' interpretation and clinical factor model (P <0.050).

Conclusions:
The CT-based radiomics model may provide an effective and non-invasive tool to differentiate pneumonia-like PPL from infectious pneumonia, which might provide assistance for clinicians in tailoring precise therapy.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the transcriptomic landscape of kidneys in patients with ischemic acute kidney injury
Authors: Tang Rong , Jin Peng , Shen Chanjuan , Lin Wei , Yu Leilin , Hu Xueling , Meng Ting , Zhang Linlin , Peng Ling , Xiao Xiangcheng , Eggenhuizen Peter , Ooi Joshua D. , Wu Xueqin , Ding Xiang , Zhong Yong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common syndrome associated with considerable mortality and healthcare costs. Up to now, the underlying pathogenesis of ischemic AKI remains incompletely understood, and specific strategies for early diagnosis and treatment of ischemic AKI are still lacking. Here, this study aimed to define the transcriptomic landscape of AKI patients through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis in kidneys.

Methods:
In this study, scRNA-seq technology was applied to kidneys from two ischemic AKI patients, and three human public scRNA-seq datasets were collected as controls. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and cell clusters of kidneys were determined. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, as well as the ligand–receptor interaction between cells, were performed. We also validated several DEGs expression in kidneys from human ischemic AKI and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury induced AKI mice through immunohistochemistry staining.

Results:
15 distinct cell clusters were determined in kidney from subjects of ischemic AKI and control. The injured proximal tubules (PT) displayed a proapoptotic and proinflammatory phenotype. PT cells of ischemic AKI had up-regulation of novel pro-apoptotic genes including USP47, RASSF4, EBAG9, IER3, SASH1, SEPTIN7, and NUB1, which have not been reported in ischemic AKI previously. Several hub genes were validated in kidneys from human AKI and renal I/R injury mice, respectively. Furthermore, PT highly expressed DEGs enriched in endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) signaling. DEGs overexpressed in other tubular cells were primarily enriched in nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling, estrogen signaling, interleukin (IL)-12 signaling, and IL-17 signaling. Overexpressed genes in kidney-resident immune cells including macrophages, natural killer T (NKT) cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells were associated with leukocyte activation, chemotaxis, cell adhesion, and complement activation. In addition, the ligand–receptor interactions analysis revealed prominent communications between macrophages and monocytes with other cells in the process of ischemic AKI.

Conclusion:
Together, this study reveals distinct cell-specific transcriptomic atlas of kidney in ischemic AKI patients, altered signaling pathways, and potential cell–cell crosstalk in the development of AKI. These data reveal new insights into the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies in ischemic AKI.
Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses: Safety and Efficacy of Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Pediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Zulauf-McCurdy Courtney A. , LaCount Patrick A. , Shelton Christopher R. , Morrow Anne S. , Zhao Xin A. , Russell Douglas , Sibley Margaret H. , Arnold L. Eugene 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Complementary and alternative treatments (CATs) for ADHD have proliferated over the past decade; however, their safety and efficacy remain uncertain. We completed a systematic review and meta-analyses across CAT domains.

Methods:
Systematic search and data extraction identified randomized controlled trials for pediatric ADHD (ages 3–19 years) that included probably blind ADHD symptom outcome measures. We evaluated basic (RCT of a CAT compared with sham/placebo, attention/active control, treatment as usual, and waitlist control), complementary (RCTs comparing an evidence-based treatment with a CAT and the same evidence-based treatment), and alternative (evidence-based treatment to CAT) efficacy. Random-effect meta-analyses were conducted when at least 3 blinded studies were identified for a specific CAT domain.

Results:
Eighty-seven of 2253 nonduplicate screened manuscripts met inclusion criteria. No study reported significantly greater adverse effects for CATs than controls; naturopathy reported fewer adverse effects than evidence-based treatments but did not demonstrate basic efficacy. In the systematic review of basic efficacy, evidence of effectiveness was mixed but replicated previous evidence for the possible efficacy of cognitive training, neurofeedback, and essential fatty acid supplementation for certain patients. With respect to alternative and complementary efficacy, no CAT outperformed or enhanced evidence-based treatments (stimulant medications and behavioral therapy) when replication was required. Individual meta-analyses indicated that cognitive training was the only CAT that demonstrated overall basic efficacy (SMD = 0.216; p = 0.032).

Conclusion:
Clinicians may cautiously recommend (but monitor) cognitive training when evidence-based treatments are not feasible or effective for a patient. Additional studies are needed to further understand the potential of CAT domains.
Stimulant Medication Treatment in Children with Congenital Heart Disease and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Trairatvorakul Pon , Meinzen-Derr Jareen , Heydarian Haleh , Mason Karen , Anixt Julia S. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT:

Objective:
Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aim of this study was to determine whether children with CHD and ADHD clinically treated with stimulant medication were at increased risk for changes in cardiovascular parameters or death compared with CHD-matched controls.

Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, patients with CHD + ADHD treated with stimulant medication (exposed group [EG]) were matched by CHD diagnosis and visit age to patients not on stimulants (nonexposed group [NEG]). Cardiovascular parameters (heart rate [HR] and systolic and diastolic blood pressure [SBP and DBP]) and electrocardiograms (ECGs) from medical records over 12 months were compared using mixed effects models.

Results:
Cardiovascular parameters for 151 children with CHD (mean age 8 ± 4 years) were evaluated (N = 46 EG and N = 105 NEG). Stimulant medication use was not associated with sudden cardiac death. HR and SBP did not significantly change over time in the EG and remained similar between groups. EG children had higher DBP compared with NEG children over time (p = 0.001). Group × time interactions for HR, SBP, and DBP were not different between the EG and NEG. QTc was not significantly different between the EG and NEG (447 ms vs 439 ms, p = 0.23). EG children demonstrated improvement in ADHD symptoms.

Conclusion:
Stimulant medication use in children with CHD was not associated with clinically significant changes in cardiovascular parameters compared with controls. Stimulants should be considered for ADHD treatment in children with CHD when prescribed with appropriate monitoring and coordination with the cardiologist.
Exploring the Professional Identity Formation of Racial/Ethnic Minoritized Physician Assistants
Authors: Wooten Robert L. , Gillette Chris , Wyatt Tasha R. , Rockich-Winston Nicole , Crandall Sonia 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
The purpose of this article is to (1) describe how professional identity intersects with physician assistants' (PAs') and PA students' racial and ethnic identities and cultural backgrounds; (2) examine how sociohistorical contexts shape professional identity in racial/ethnic minoritized PAs and PA students; and (3) identify the role of PA program administrators and faculty to address the needs of racial/ethnic minoritized PAs and PA students.

Methods
This study draws on elements of constructivist grounded theory to investigate the professional identity formation (PIF) experiences of 45 PA students and alumni from 3 institutions. Participants were recruited using a snowball method and identified as 23 Black/African American, 12 Hispanic/Latino, 6 mixed race, and 4 Native American/Indigenous. Interview data were analyzed using sociocultural theory as an analytic framework.

Results
The results suggest that participants felt that their racial/ethnic identity was an important part of their identity, yet many indicated they experienced frequent micro- and macroaggressions from fellow students, faculty, lecturers, administrators, preceptors, patients, and supervisors. Additionally, they indicated that they need more support from their programs than what is currently provided.

Discussion
The results of this study suggest that social experiences before, during, and after PA training strongly influence PIF development in racial/ethnic minoritized PAs. Administrators and professional PA organizations should evaluate methods to support those individuals who identify as a racial/ethnic minority throughout their careers.
The effectiveness of tivantinib for MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma: A protocol for meta analysis
Authors: Wang Yubin , Xu Hao , Yang Juan , Zhang Juyi 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The efficacy of tivantinib for MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma remains controversial. We conduct this meta-analysis to explore the efficacy of tivantinib versus placebo for MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods:
We have searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases through November 2022 and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy and safety of tivantinib versus placebo for MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma.

Results:
Three RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control group for MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma, tivantinib showed no obvious impact on overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52–1.13; P = .18) or progression-free survival (HR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.56–1.08; P = .14). In addition, tivantinib was associated with the increase in grade ≥3 neutropenia (odd ratio [OR] = 11.76; 95% CI = 2.77–49.89; P = .0008) and leukopenia (OR = 14; 95% CI = 1.68–116.82; P = .01), but demonstrated no impact on the incidence of grade ≥ 3 anemia (OR = 2.74; 95% CI = 0.14–53.43; P = .51).

Conclusions:
Tivantinib may not benefit to the treatment of MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma.
Physical activity in the first postoperative week in 132 knee arthroplasty patients randomized to 3 different analgesic regimens
Authors: Husby Vigdis Schnell , Rian Torbjørn , Klaksvik Jomar , Wik Tina Strømdal , Winther Siri Bjørgen 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The aim of this study was to investigate whether objectively recorded physical activity in the first week after surgery in total knee arthroplasty patients differed between patients allocated to 3 different analgesic regimens.

Methods:
A total of 132 total knee arthroplasty patients wore activity monitors 24 hours a day from day 1 after surgery for 6 consecutive days. The time mobilized (stepping/standing) and the number of steps were recorded. This study was a sub-study of a randomized controlled study comparing tapentadol extended-release (ER), oxycodone controlled-release (CR), or a non-opioid placebo analgesic regimen.

Results:
The placebo group spent significantly more time mobilized than the tapentadol ER and the oxycodone CR groups (P = .016 and .042, respectively), but no statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the number of steps taken. The activity levels of patients in all groups increased in the first week after surgery.

Conclusion:
Patients in the non-opioid placebo group spent more time mobilized the first week after surgery than those in the tapentadol ER and the oxycodone CR groups, while the number of steps was not different between the groups.
The role of early blood purification for miliary tuberculosis presenting as acute respiratory distress syndrome in pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Sari Anggraini Permata , Taufik Muhammad Azhari , Wibisana Krishna , Sarkoen Widyastuti 
Published: April 2023

Rationale:
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in miliary tuberculosis (TB) remains rare, especially in pregnant women. The role of blood purification is potential in managing ARDS due to miliary TB.

Patient concerns:
A 36-year-old woman presenting with difficulty breathing 6 hours before admission. She never had any constitutional symptoms due to TB.

Diagnoses:
ARDS in TB was diagnosed based on the deterioration of PaO2/FiO2, increased acute phase reactants, positive gene-Xpert, and typical chest x-ray of miliary TB.

Interventions:
A C-section was performed and followed by continuous venovenous hemofiltration to tackle her inflammatory condition. antituberculosis drugs were given after the transaminases showed declining trends.

Outcomes:
No major complications associated with continuous venovenous hemofiltration occurred. After 14 days of hospitalization, the patient’s clinical condition improved and was finally discharged.

Lessons:
This case underscores the potential role of blood purification in ARDS due to miliary TB in pregnancy.