bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L1CAM promotes vasculogenic mimicry formation by miR‐143‐3p‐induced expression of hexokinase 2 in glioma
Authors: Huang Yishan , Zhu Chenchen , Liu Pei , Ouyang Fan , Luo Juanjuan , Lu Chunjiao , Tang Bo , Yang Xiaojun 
Published: January 2023

In recent decades, antiangiogenic therapy, which blocks the supply of oxygen and nutrition to tumor cells, has become a promising clinical strategy for the treatment of patients with tumors. However, recent studies revealed that vasculogenic mimicry (VM), which is the process by which vascular morphological structures are formed by highly invasive tumor cells, has been considered a potential factor for the failure of antiangiogenic therapy in patients with tumors. Thus, inhibition of VM formation might be a potential target for improving the outcome of antiangiogenic strategies. However, the mechanism underlying VM formation is still incompletely elucidated. Herein, we report that L1CAM might be a critical regulator of VM formation in glioma, and might be associated with the resistance of glioma to antiangiogenic therapy. We found that the tumor‐invasion and tube‐formation capabilities of L1CAM‐overexpressing cells were significantly enhanced in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the results indicated that miR‐143‐3p, which might directly target the 3'UTR of the hexokinase 2 (HK2) gene to regulate its protein expression, was subsequently involved in L1CAM‐mediated VM formation by glioma cells. Further study revealed that the regulation of MMP2, MMP9, and VEGFA expression was involved in this process. Moreover, we identified that activation of the downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway of the L1CAM/HK2 cascade is critical for VM formation by glioma cells. Furthermore, we found that the combined treatment of anti‐L1CAM neutralizing monoclonal antibody and bevacizumab increases efficacy beyond that of bevacizumab alone, and suppresses glioma growth in vivo, indicating that the inhibition of L1CAM‐mediated VM formation might efficiently improve the effect of antiangiogenic treatment for glioma patients. Together, our findings demonstrated a critical role of L1CAM in regulating VM formation in glioma, and that L1CAM might be a potential target for ameliorating tumor resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in glioma patients.
Visitor demographics, site‐type and activities determine the occurrence and severity of environmental impacts at nature‐based tourist destinations
Authors: Torsney Andrew , Buckley Yvonne M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Increasing demand for access to nature has the potential to increase environmental impacts. Identifying links between increased visitor intensity and habitat damage in context‐specific studies is an oversimplification which does not account for visitor demographics or activity characteristics.

We compared the prevalence of tourism‐related threats/pressures across protected areas in Europe, Ireland, and in sites close to the Wild Atlantic Way (WAW) tourism route along the west coast of Ireland. To better understand the drivers of tourism‐related impacts, we analysed impact occurrence (IO) and impact severity (IS) at 43 sites along the WAW using a database of over 6000 visitor movement, demographic and behaviour records gathered by a national tourism agency (Fáilte Ireland).

Threats/pressures related to tourism and recreation are prevalent and widespread across protected sites in Europe (49% of sites) with significantly higher (p < 0.001) prevalence of these threats in protected sites in Ireland (58% of sites). Over 33% of protected sites in Ireland are located within 2 km of a WAW Discovery Point and 64% of these WAW adjacent sites have known threats/pressures related to recreation and/or tourism, which is significantly higher than Irish and European averages (p < 0.001).

Visitors to WAW sites ranged mostly within 1 km of tourist destinations (99%) and over 75% of all visitors had no observable impact on the receiving environment. Site‐type, tourist demographics and tourist activities were informative predictors of IO. IS was influenced by total number of impacts, activity intensity and site‐type. Site‐type together with visitor activity occurrence and activity intensity were significant for IO and IS, highlighting the importance of understanding local conditions as well as visitor characteristics for impact avoidance/mitigation.

Tourism‐related pressures and threats are widespread among protected sites in Europe and Ireland. We demonstrate the need to shift the focus from analysing discrete ecological responses in response to generalized tourism pressure to understanding the causes of impacts to mitigate them at source. This will help align tourism and conservation goals.
Cutaneous ulcerative lesions of unknown etiology affecting lionfish Pterois spp. in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Cody Theresa T. , Kiryu Yasunari , Bakenhaster Micah D. , Subramaniam Kuttichantran , Tabuchi Maki , Ahasan Mohammad Shamim , Harris Holden E. , Landsberg Jan H. , Waltzek Thomas B. , Fogg Alexander Q. , Shea Colin , Pouder Deborah B. , Patterson William F. , Emory Meaghan E. , Yanong Roy P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective
Cutaneous ulcerative skin lesions in a complex of invasive Gulf of Mexico lionfish (Red Lionfish Pterois volitans, Devil Firefish P. miles, and the hybrid Red Lionfish × Devil Firefish) became epizootic beginning in mid-August 2017. Herein, we provide the first pathological descriptions of these lesions and summarize our analyses to elucidate the etiology of the disease.

Methods
We examined ulcerated and normal fish through gross pathology and histopathology, bacterial sampling, and unbiased metagenomic next-generation sequencing. We tracked prevalence of the disease, and we used biological health indicators (condition factor, splenosomatic and hepatosomatic index) to evaluate impacts to health, while considering sex and age as potential risk factors.

Result
Typical ulcerative lesions were deep, exposing skeletal muscle, and were bordered by pale or reddened areas often with some degree of scale loss. Only incidental parasites were found in our examinations. Most fish (86%; n = 50) exhibited wound healing grossly and histologically, confirmed by the presence of granulation tissues. A primary bacterial pathogen was not evident through bacterial culture or histopathology. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing did not reveal a viral pathogen (DNA or RNA) but did provide information about the microbiome of some ulcerated specimens. Compared with clinically healthy fish, ulcerated fish had a significantly lower condition factor and a higher splenosomatic index. Disease prevalence at monitored sites through July 2021 indicated that ulcerated fish were still present but at substantially lower prevalence than observed in 2017.

Conclusion
Although some common findings in a number of specimens suggest a potential role for opportunistic bacteria, collectively our suite of diagnostics and analyses did not reveal an intralesional infectious agent, and we must consider the possibility that there was no communicable pathogen.
Application of 2D MXene in Organic Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Wang Zhengran , Jiang Huiyu , Zhang Yuchan , An Yongling , Wei Chuanliang , Tan Liwen , Xiong Shenglin , Qian Yitai , Feng Jinkui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOrganic electrode materials (OEMs) are emerging green power because of the promising advantages such as environmental friendliness, abundant sources, easy recycling, and structural diversity. However, several inherent issues, including low electronic conductivity, dissolution of active materials, and particle pulverization restrict their practical application. MXene, as a novel 2D material has exhibited enormous potential to solve the issues of OEMs due to its high conductivity, unique structure, exceptional mechanical property, and abundant surface groups. Up to now, various effective strategies have been presented and achieved positive effects, such as constructing heterojunction structures, in situ assembly, dip‐coating, preparing free‐standing MXene paper, etc. Nonetheless, comprehensive review of the progress and status is rare. Herein, an overview of the application of MXene in organic electrode materials for rechargeable batteries is systematically put forward. Meanwhile, recent progress and future development directions are presented. This review can serve as a guide for future research.
Tailoring Multifunctional Self‐Assembled Hole Transporting Molecules for Highly Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Guo Rui , Zhang Xiaoru , Zheng Xin , Li Lin , Li Min , Zhao Yang , Zhang Shujing , Luo Long , You Shuai , Li Weixi , Gong Zhongmiao , Huang Rong , Cui Yi , Rong Yaoguang , Zeng Haipeng , Li Xiong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe self‐assembled hole transporting molecules (SAHTMs) bearing anchoring groups have been established as the hole transporting layers (HTLs) for highly efficient p–i–n perovskite solar cells (PSCs), yet their stability and engineering at the molecular level remain challenging. A topological design of highly anisotropic aligned SAHTM‐based HTLs for operationally stable PSCs that exhibit exceptional solar‐to‐electric power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) is demonstrated. The judiciously designed multifunctional self‐assembled molecules comprise the donor–acceptor subunit for hole transporting and the phosphonic acid group for anchoring, realizing face‐on π‐stacking parallel to the transparent conductive oxide substrate. The high affinity of SAHTMs to the multi‐crystalline perovskite thin film benefits passivating the perovskite buried interface, strengthening interfacial contact while facilitating interfacial hole transfer. Consequently, highly efficient p–i–n PSC devices are obtained with a champion PCE of 23.24% and outstanding operational stability toward various environmental factors including long‐term full sunlight soaking at evaluated temperatures. Perovskite solar modules with a champion efficiency approaching 20% are also fabricated for an active device area above 17 cm2.
Functionalized DNA Nanomaterials Targeting Toll‐Like Receptor 4 Prevent Bisphosphonate‐Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw via Regulating Mitochondrial Homeostasis in Macrophages
Authors: Zhang Tao , Ma Huangshui , Zhang Xiaolin , Shi Sirong , Lin Yunfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractImbalance of macrophage polarization characterized by an increase in the percentage of pro‐inflammatory M1 macrophages and a decrease in anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages is considered a critical pathogenic mechanism of bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ). Because high levels of Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) mediates mitochondrial dyshomeostasis in Zoledronic Acid (ZA)‐treated M1 macrophages, tetrahedral DNA nanomaterial (TDN)‐modified with TLR4‐siRNA on each vertex (TDN‐TLR4‐4siR) with excellent biocompatibility is synthesized. This novel TDN‐TLR4‐4siR nanomaterial reverses the polarization phenotype imbalance decreasing the percentage of M1 RAW264.7 macrophages. Mitochondrial dynamics analysis shows a shift from short rod‐like ultrastructure to elongated shapes with more mitochondrial network continuity in ZA‐primed M1 macrophages after treatment with TDN‐TLR4‐4siR, along with elevated expression of Mfn1 and Mfn2. TDN‐TLR4‐4siR further reduces intracellular ROS production and restored mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, decreased sequestra formation and accelerated healing of the extraction wound are observed in the TDN‐TLR4‐4siR group, resulting in decreased incidence of rat BRONJ via reprogramming polarized macrophages. Consequently, this study establishes a novel strategy using TDN‐TLR4‐4siR nanomaterial to regulate mitochondrial homeostasis of polarized macrophages to prevent BRONJ.
Light‐Responsive Programmable Shape‐Memory Soft Actuator Based on Liquid Crystalline Polymer/Polyurethane Network
Authors: Song Chenjie , Zhang Yuhan , Bao Jinying , Wang Zizheng , Zhang Lanying , Sun Jian , Lan Ruochen , Yu Zhan , Zhu Siquan , Yang Huai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLiquid crystalline polymers (LCPs), especially liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) can generate ultrahigh shape change amplitude but has lower mechanical strength. Although some attempts have been tried to improve the mechanical performance of LCE, there are still limitations including complicated fabrication and high actuation temperature. Here, a versatile method is reported to fabricate light‐driven actuator by covalently cross‐linking polyurethane (PU) into LCP networks (PULCN). This new scheme is distinct from the previous interpenetrating network strategy, the hydrogen bonds and covalent bonds are used in this study to improve the miscibility of non‐liquid‐crystalline PU and LCP materials and enhance the stability of the composite system. This material not only possesses the shape memory properties of PU but shows shape‐changing behavior of LCPs. With a shrinkage ratio of 20% at the phase transition temperature, the prepared materials reached a maximum mechanical strength of 20 MPa, higher than conventional LCP. Meanwhile, the resulting film shows diverse and programmable initial shapes by constructing crosslinking density gradient across the thickness of the film. By integration of PULCN with near‐infrared light‐responsive polydopamine, local and sequential light control is achieved. This study may provide a new route for the fabrication of programmable and mechanically robust light‐driven soft actuator.
Review of Broadband Metamaterial Absorbers: From Principles, Design Strategies, and Tunable Properties to Functional Applications
Authors: Wang Ben‐Xin , Xu Chongyang , Duan Guiyuan , Xu Wei , Pi Fuwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMetamaterial absorbers have been widely studied and continuously concerned owing to their excellent resonance features of ultra‐thin thickness, light‐weight, and high absorbance. Their applications, however, are typically restricted by the intrinsic dispersion of materials and strong resonant features of patterned arrays (mainly referring to narrow absorption bandwidth). It is, therefore essential to reassert the principles of building broadband metamaterial absorbers (BMAs). Herein, the research progress of BMAs from principles, design strategies, tunable properties to functional applications are comprehensively and deeply summarized. Physical principles behind broadband absorption are briefly discussed, typical design strategies in realizing broadband absorption are further emphasized, such as top‐down lithography, bottom‐up self‐assembly, and emerging 3D printing technology. Diversified active components choices, including optical response, temperature response, electrical response, magnetic response, mechanical response, and multi‐parameter responses, are reviewed in achieving dynamically tuned broadband absorption. Following this, the achievements of various interdisciplinary applications for BMAs in energy‐harvesting, photodetectors, radar‐IR dual stealth, bolometers, noise absorbing, imaging, and fabric wearable are summarized. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for future development of BMAs are discussed.
Harvesting Energy from Atmospheric Water: Grand Challenges in Continuous Electricity Generation
Authors: Tan Jin , Wang Xiang , Chu Weicun , Fang Sunmiao , Zheng Chunxiao , Xue Minmin , Wang Xiaofan , Hu Tao , Guo Wanlin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAtmospheric water is ubiquitous on earth and extensively participates in the natural water cycle through evaporation and condensation. This process involves tremendous energy exchange with the environment, but very little of the energy has so far been harnessed. The recently emerged hydrovoltaic technology, especially moisture‐induced electricity, shows great potential in harvesting energy from atmospheric water and gives birth to moisture energy harvesting devices. The device performance, especially the long‐term operational capacity, has been significantly enhanced over the past few years. Further development; however, requires in‐depth understanding of mechanisms, innovative materials, and ingenious system designs. In this review, beginning with describing the basic properties of water, the key aspects of the water–hygroscopic material interactions and mechanisms of power generation are discussed. The current material systems and advances in promising material development are then summarized. Aiming at the chief bottlenecks of limited operational time, advanced system designs that are helpful to improve device performance are listed. Especially, the synergistic effect of moisture adsorption and water evaporation on material and system levels to accomplish sustained electricity generation is discussed. Last, the remaining challenges are analyzed and future directions for developing this promising technology are suggested.
Introducing Controlled Microporosity in Melt Electrowriting
Authors: Mueller Kilian Maria Arthur , Unterrainer Andreas , Rojas‐González Diana Marcela , De‐Juan‐Pardo Elena , Willner Marian Sebastian , Herzen Julia , Mela Petra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMelt electrowriting (MEW) enables the electric field‐assisted digital fabrication of precisely defined scaffold architectures of micron‐sized fibers. However, charge accumulation and consequent disruption of the precoded pattern by fiber bridging prevents controlled printing at small interfiber distances. This, together with the periodical layer stacking characteristic for additive manufacturing, typically results in scaffolds with channel‐like macroporosity, which need to be combined with other biofabrication techniques to achieve the desired microporosity for cellular infiltration. Therefore, a design strategy is devised to introduce controlled interconnected microporosity directly in MEW scaffolds by an algorithm that creates arrays of bridging‐free parallel fibers, angularly shifted from layer to layer and starting at a random point to avoid periodical fiber stacking, and hence channel‐like pores while defining micropores. This work hypothesizes that pore size can be controlled, decoupled from fiber diameter, and the mechanical properties, including anisotropy ratio, can be tuned. The authors demonstrate this while leveraging the platform for both flat and seamless tubular scaffolds and characterize them via micro‐computed tomography and tensile loading. Lastly, successful cell ingrowth into the micropores and extracellular matrix formation are shown. This platform enables microporous scaffolds entirely via MEW that can be tailored to the architectural and mechanical requirements of the target tissues.
Broadband Vis–NIR Circular Polarizer with Cascaded Aluminum Wire‐Grid
Authors: Fan Yuanyi , Chu Jinkui , Zhang Ran , Liu Ze , Liu Jianying , Guan Chuanlong , Zhang Zhichao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA universal design and fabrication scheme is proposed for a cascaded aluminum wire‐grid‐based vis–NIR circular polarizer. The aluminum wire‐grid is designed as a broadband circular‐linear polarization converter and a broadband linear polarizer, which is further cascaded to form a circular polarizer with strong circular polarization transmittance difference (CPTD) and circular polarization extinction ratio (CPER) in vis–NIR. By increasing the distance between the circular‐linear polarization converter and the linear polarizer, the redshift of the CPTD and CPER peaks is realized and used to design a novel circular polarizer to work better in the operating wavelength. Anisotropic thin‐film interference is revealed to be responsible for the redshift phenomenon. Furthermore, the circular polarizer is fabricated by nano imprint lithography and nano transfer printing with the merits of relatively low cost, and high production efficiency. With such flexibility in the design and fabrication, cascaded aluminum wire‐grid may serve as a tunable compact circular polarizer, and it is also easy to integrate with the wire‐grid‐based linear polarizer to realize the fabrication of the division‐of‐focal‐plane full Stokes polarimeter.
High‐Efficiency and Low‐Intensity Threshold Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing of Precise Metallic Micropatterns on Transparent Substrate
Authors: Cui Mengya , Huang Ting , Peng Zeyu , Xing Lingrong , Zhou Zheng , Guo Liang , Wang Jianli , Xu Jiejie , Xiao Rongshi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLaser direct writing (LDW) is a promising approach for fabricating metallic micropatterns on transparent substrates for transparent electronic circuits that satisfy both electronic and optical criteria. However, high efficiency and precision patterning remain a challenge for both photochemical and photothermal LDW. Herein, a novel method is proposed with a femtosecond laser to achieve a highly‐efficient photothermal process via single‐photon absorption by photosensitive particles (SPA‐FsLDW). The dispersive photosensitive particles act as numerous heating sources, enabling simultaneous multiple‐location photothermal reactions and highly‐efficient metallization due to heat‐induced metal ion reduction. The new approach effectively exploits the excellent heat‐input regulation with the ultrashort pulse of the femtosecond laser to achieve great temperature controllability and precision. It is shown that, with a deposition rate of ≈107 µm3 s−1 and electrical resistivity of ≈10−7 Ω m, SPA‐FsLDW improves efficiency and electrical resistivity by at least one order of magnitude compared to previously reported FsLDW. A self‐powered sensor is fabricated using SPA‐FsLDW, demonstrating its practical applicability.
Quantum Dot Enabled Efficient White LEDs for Wide Color Gamut Displays
Authors: Onal Asim , Eren Guncem Ozgun , Melikov Rustamzhon , Kaya Lokman , Nizamoglu Sedat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent years quantum dots (QDs) emerge as a powerful building block for liquid‐crystal display (LCD) technology, and they are successfully used in the form of color enhancement films. However, their transition toward efficient and wide color gamut LEDs for backlighting remain as an important challenge, which can decrease the required amount of QDs per TV for orders of magnitude. Herein, QD‐based white LEDs are reported that can simultaneously operate with a high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 39.8% and a wide NTSC color gamut coverage of 133.3%. For red‐emitting spectral range, giant CdSe/CdS core/shell QDs are synthesized via hot injection method, and it is observed that 20 monolayers of CdS shell can lead to a near‐unity photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 98%. In addition, green‐emitting CdZnSeS/ZnS alloyed core/shell QDs show a PLQY of 97% with a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 20 nm. To maintain the optical properties of QDs in device architecture, QDs are injected in liquid matrix on blue LED chips and used as the backlighting source for LCD TV that lead to bright and vivid colored images. QD‐based white LEDs with high efficiency and wide color gamut have significant potential for next‐generation display technology.
Shape Dependent Conformable Holographic Metasurfaces
Authors: Xiao Jianling , Hunter Robert I. , Robertson Duncan A. , Smith Graham M. , Horsley Simon , Schulz Sebastian A. , Falco Andrea Di 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the design, fabrication, and experimental demonstration of conformable holographic metasurfaces are reported. Herein, it is shown that the produced holographic image changes as the metasurface is applied to targets with different shapes. The demonstration is based on a reflective type metasurface, where the reflected polarization is perpendicular to that of the incident light. In addition, how the parameters of the metasurface determine the quality of the images produced and the ability to produce independent images are discussed critically.