bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disposition of patients utilising the virtual emergency department service in southeast region of Melbourne (SERVED‐1)
Authors: Sri‐Ganeshan Muhuntha , Mitra Biswadev , Soldatos Georgia , Howard Maddi , Goldie Neil , McGee Fergus , Nehme Ziad , Underhill Andrew , O'Reilly Gerard M , Cameron Peter A ,   the Southeast Region Virtual Emergency Department (SERVED) Research Group
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveSupported by the state government, three health networks partnered to initiate a virtual ED (VED), as part of a broader roll‐out of emergency telehealth services in Victoria. The aim of the present study (Southeast Region Virtual Emergency Department‐1 [SERVED‐1]) was to report the initial 5‐month experience and included all patients assessed through the service over the first 5 months (1 February 2022 to 30 June 2022).MethodsVED consults occurred after referral from paramedics in the pre‐hospital setting. Electronic medical records were retrospectively reviewed for demographic, presenting complaint and outcome data. The primary outcome was the count of VED consultations. The secondary outcome was the proportion of patients where physical ED attendance was avoided within 72 h. The proportion of physical ED attendances avoided sub‐grouped by primary presenting complaints were reported.ResultsThere were 1748 patients who had a VED consultation, of which 1261 (72.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 70.0–74.2) patients had physical presentation to an ED avoided in the 72 h following the consult. There was a significant increase in consultations over the 5‐month period (incidence rate ratio 1.27; 95% CI 1.23–1.31, P < 0.001) that was consistent in the three health services. The most common presenting complaints were COVID‐19 and shortness of breath, and physical presentation was avoided most often among younger patients and those with COVID‐19.ConclusionsInitial experience demonstrated a significant increase in adoption of the service and an overall avoidance of physical ED attendance by a majority of patients. These results support ongoing VED consultations, complemented by follow up and health economic evaluations.
Pheromones emitted by both female and male moths regulate coordination between the sexes for Agriphila aeneociliella (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Zhan Yi‐Di , Liu Ying‐Jie , Liu Jia‐Hui , Liu Yong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe complex and efficient sex pheromone communication system in insects is essential for reproduction and for reproductive isolation of species. In moths, sex pheromone communication starts with male attraction to compounds emitted by females; only a few species act in the reverse. However, how the pheromones that are emitted by both sexes co‐regulate and coordinate mate finding and mating remains unknown. Here, we identified both the male and female pheromones of Eastern Grass Veneer moth, Agriphila aeneociliella (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), and demonstrated their efficiency in manipulating behavioral responses of the opposite sex. Combining data from analysis of gas chromatography‐electroantennogram detection, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry, and olfactory behavior assays, the female pheromone of A. aeneociliella was identified as (Z,Z,Z)‐9,12,15‐octadecatrienal and (Z)‐9‐hexadecenyl acetate, while the male pheromone was determined to be 1‐nonanal. Both the 2 individual components of the female pheromone and their binary mixture were significantly attractive to males, and the 1‐nonanal male pheromone induced strong electrophysiological responses in females and induced attraction of females in a Y‐tube olfactory test. Depending on the concentration of 1‐nonanal, its addition to the binary mixture of the female pheromone either enhanced (10−3 or 10−2 μg/μL) or reduced (1 μg/μL) the aphrodisiac effect of the mixture on males. In wind‐tunnel bioassays, different concentrations of pheromones, including the binary mixture of female pheromone and the mixture of male and female pheromones, had significant effects on male behavior. Our findings suggested that the blend of both female and male pheromones plays a significant role in the sexual communication system in some moths.
Differences in habitual eating speed lead to small differences in dynamic sensory perception of composite foods
Authors: Gonzalez‐Estanol Karina , van Bruinessen Marieke , Biasioli Franco , Stieger Markus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious studies demonstrated that variability in oral processing behaviors impacts bolus properties and consequently texture and flavor perception. However, most studies followed a prescribed mastication protocol during the products’ sensory evaluations. A better understanding of how variability in habitual eating behavior impacts sensory perception of foods is needed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of habitual eating speed (slow vs. fast eaters) on dynamic sensory perception of composite foods. Habitual oral processing behavior of different composite foods was quantified in 105 participants. Participants were divided in fast (n = 53) and slow (n = 52) eaters using a median split. Three formulations of strawberry jams varying in viscosity and sugar content (High Sugar/Low Pectin [Control], High Sugar/High Pectin, Low Sugar/Low Pectin) were used. Composite foods were prepared by spreading jams on breads. Dynamics of dominant sensory attributes of strawberry jams presented with and without breads were evaluated using Temporal Dominance of Sensations (TDS). Dynamic sensory perception of jams and jam–bread combinations differed only slightly for short periods of time between habitual slow and fast eaters. The addition of breads to jams reduced especially the ability of the fast eaters to discriminate between jams differing in formulation. Slow eaters discriminated between different formulations of jams better than fast eaters, regardless of whether jams were presented alone or in combination with breads. We conclude that differences in habitual eating speed between consumers lead to small differences in dynamic sensory perception and discrimination ability of composite foods.
Can the effectiveness of tonsillectomy for PFAPA syndrome be predicted based on clinical factors
Authors: Hara Mariko , Morimoto Noriko , Watabe Takahisa , Morisaki Naho , Matsumoto Kenji 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical factors associated with the outcome of tonsillectomy in children with periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome, thereby clarifying who would most likely benefit from that surgery.MethodsThis was a case–control study of 53 PFAPA patients who underwent tonsillectomy and were divided into a complete‐resolution group and a postoperative‐fever group. Logistic regression analyses were performed using 17 clinical factors as variables to identify factors associated with the surgical outcome. Hierarchical cluster analysis was also performed to evaluate for relationships between phenotypes and surgical outcomes.ResultsThirty‐nine (73.6%) patients had complete resolution after tonsillectomy. In simple logistic regression analysis, the surgical outcome showed significant positive trends with late‐onset (odds ratio [OR] 7.1, P = 0.02) and presence of headache (OR 6.5, P = 0.01). In stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for age at onset, presence of headache was significantly associated with complete resolution (OR 6.5, P = 0.01). The complete resolution rates for each combination of headache status and age at onset were as follows: presence of headache/age at onset ≥36 months, 100% (14/14); presence of headache/age at onset <36 months, 76.9% (10/13); absence of headache/age at onset ≥36 months, 75.0% (6/8); and absence of headache/age at onset <36 months, 43.8% (7/16). In hierarchical cluster analysis, complete resolution, age at onset, and headache were in the same cluster.ConclusionsPFAPA patients with headache and late onset responded well to tonsillectomy. The mechanisms underlying this association may warrant further investigation.
The relationship between problematic gambling severity and engagement with gambling products: Longitudinal analysis of the Emerging Adults Gambling Survey
Authors: Wardle Heather , Tipping Sarah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsTo measure the association between problem gambling severity and 19 different gambling activities among emerging adults (aged 16–26).DesignAn online non‐probability longitudinal survey collecting data in two waves: wave 1, July/August 2019; wave 2, July/October 2020.SettingGreat BritainParticipantsA total of 2080 young adults participating in both waves.MeasurementsProblem gambling scores were collected using the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). Binary variables recorded past year participation in 19 different gambling forms, ranging from lotteries to online casino and gambling‐like practices within digital games (e.g. loot box purchase, skin betting). Controls included socio‐demographic/economic characteristics, the Eysenck Impulsivity Scale and the number of gambling activities undertaken.FindingsZero inflated negative binomial model lacked evidence of an effect between past year participation in any individual activities and subsequent PGSI scores. However, negative binomial random effects models for current gamblers (n = 497) showed that skin betting (incidence‐rate ratio [IRR] = 2.32; 95% CI = 1.69–3.19), fixed odd betting terminals (IRR = 2.21, 95% CI = 1.61–3.05), slot/fruit machines (IRR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.07–1.91), online betting on horse/dog races (IRR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.17–2.00) and online betting on non‐sports events (IRR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.11–1.89) were associated with increased PGSI scores. Online casino gambling had a significant interaction by wave; the impact of online casino betting in wave 2 on PGSI scores increased by a factor of 1.61.ConclusionsPast year participation of young adults (aged 16–26) in certain forms of gambling does not appear to be associated with future Problem Gambling Severity Index scores. Among young adults who are current gamblers, past year participation in certain land‐based (e.g. electronic gaming machines) and online forms (e.g. skin betting) of gambling appears to be strongly associated with elevated Problem Gambling Severity Index scores.
Echocardiography‐ versus intracardiac electrocardiogram‐based optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy: A systematic review
Authors: Sami Abdul , Mustafa Bilal , Butt Hamza Ahmed , Ashraf Zainab , Ullah Asif , Babar Farheen , Asad Muhammad , Awais Muhammad , Zaidi Syed Muhammad Jawad , Fakhar Tehniat , Mehmoodi Amin , Adnan Nawal , Malik Jahanzeb 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to evaluate the performance of echocardiography‐based programming in comparison with the intracardiac electrocardiogram (IEGM)‐based method for the optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).MethodsA literature review was conducted using digital databases to systematically identify the studies reporting CRT optimization through echocardiography compared with IEGM. Detailed patient‐level study characteristics including the type of study, sample size, therapy, the New York Heart Classification (NYHA) status, lead placement, and other parameters were abstracted. Finally, postprogramming outcomes were extracted for each article.ResultsIn a total of 11 studies, 919 patients were recruited for the final analysis. Overall, 692 (75.29%) were males. The mean duration of the QRS complex in our study population ranged from 145.2 ± 21.8 ms to 183 ± 19.9 ms. There was an equal improvement in the NYHA class between the two methods while the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) demonstrated an improvement by IEGM. Many studies supported IEGM to increase the 6‐minute walk test and left ventricular outflow tract velocity time interval (LVOT VTI) when compared to echocardiography. The mean time for echocardiography‐based optimization was 60.15 min while that of IEGM‐based optimization was 6.65 min.ConclusionIEGM is an alternative method for CRT optimization in improving the NYHA class, LVEF, and LVOT VTI, and is less time‐consuming when compared to the echocardiography‐based methods.
15N‐labeled dietary nitrate supplementation increases human skeletal muscle nitrate concentration and improves muscle torque production
Authors: Kadach Stefan , Park Ji Won , Stoyanov Zdravko , Black Matthew I. , Vanhatalo Anni , Burnley Mark , Walter Peter J. , Cai Hongyi , Schechter Alan N. , Piknova Barbora , Jones Andrew M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimDietary nitrate (NO3−) supplementation increases nitric oxide bioavailability and can enhance exercise performance. We investigated the distribution and metabolic fate of ingested NO3− at rest and during exercise with a focus on skeletal muscle.MethodsIn a randomized, crossover study, 10 healthy volunteers consumed 12.8 mmol 15N‐labeled potassium nitrate (K15NO3; NIT) or potassium chloride placebo (PLA). Muscle biopsies were taken at baseline, at 1‐ and 3‐h post‐supplement ingestion, and immediately following the completion of 60 maximal intermittent contractions of the knee extensors. Muscle, plasma, saliva, and urine samples were analyzed using chemiluminescence to determine absolute [NO3−] and [NO2−], and by mass spectrometry to determine the proportion of NO3− and NO2− that was 15N‐labeled.ResultsNeither muscle [NO3−] nor [NO2−] were altered by PLA. Following NIT, muscle [NO3−] (but not [NO2−]) was elevated at 1‐h (from ~35 to 147 nmol/g, p < 0.001) and 3‐h, with almost all of the increase being 15N‐labeled. There was a significant reduction in 15N‐labeled muscle [NO3−] from pre‐ to post‐exercise. Relative to PLA, mean muscle torque production was ~7% greater during the first 18 contractions following NIT. This improvement in torque was correlated with the pre‐exercise 15N‐labeled muscle [NO3−] and the magnitude of decline in 15N‐labeled muscle [NO3−] during exercise (r = 0.66 and r = 0.62, respectively; p < 0.01).ConclusionThis study shows, for the first time, that skeletal muscle rapidly takes up dietary NO3−, the elevated muscle [NO3−] following NO3− ingestion declines during exercise, and muscle NO3− dynamics are associated with enhanced torque production during maximal intermittent muscle contractions.
Sophistry or wisdom in words: Aristotle on rhetoric and leadership
Authors: Hühn Matthias P. , Meyer Marcel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the leadership literature of the past 100 years or so, rhetoric has been a topic for a long time and ethics was introduced some 30 years ago. However, the three topics, leadership, rhetoric, and ethics, have not been connected. This is astonishing because when ethical leadership made its comeback, scholars acknowledged the debt that ethical leadership owes to Aristotelian ideas. For Aristotle, leadership, ethics, and rhetoric were inseparable: without ethics, there could neither be good leadership nor rhetoric, and rhetoric was the bridge from leader to follower and back. Aristotle is known as the practical philosopher and we argue that closing this major lacuna in leadership theory, would be beneficial for practice too and would help prevent Theranos‐like scandals. The lacuna lies in what some call a Machiavellian view of leadership and rhetoric: both are regarded as amoral tools to achieve given ends. Aristotle would bristle at that idea. Both, leadership and rhetoric, to be good, must aim at the noble. The noble is not dictated by a heroic despot nor by a selfless saint but is understood by a leader because s/he is a socially embedded individual. We argue that leadership should be understood as personal development, that organisational rules must not inhibit virtue, that leadership is more about listening than talking, that synthesising that which is heard is central, and finally, that the common, not the collective, good is the goal of leadership.
From monopoly to voice effects? British workplace unionism and productivity performance into the new millennium
Authors: Veliziotis Michail , Vernon Guy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBritain has featured prominently in debates about unionism and productivity. This article suggests a recent revolution in the productivity effect of British unionism. A thorough review of extant evidence at various levels of aggregation indicates that whatever the broader cost to employee welfare and well‐being, the hollowing and erosion of workplace unionism under Thatcherism delivered a one‐off productivity dividend. However, by the turn of the millennium, extant Workplace Employment Relations Survey (WERS) analysis shows that workplace unionism, where it remained, was no longer robustly linked to poorer productivity performance. Our private sector analysis of WERS2011 confirms this, while our analysis of the WERS2004–2011 panel indicates that stronger workplace unionism now positively promotes private sector productivity. A thorough contemplation of the shifting concomitants of modern British unionism suggests a variety of processes which may underlie our striking panel findings, underscoring the suggestion that there has been a revolution in British unionism's productivity implications, but also indicating mechanisms which may underlie positive productivity effects of joint regulation already apparent in other countries.
Characteristics of the gut microbiota in bipolar depressive disorder patients with distinct weight
Authors: Zhang Peifen , Zhang Danhua , Lai Jianbo , Fu Yaoyang , Wu Lingling , Huang Huimin , Pan Yanmeng , Jiang Jiajun , Xi Caixi , Che Ziyuan , Song Xueqin , Hu Shaohua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreliminary studies have indicated metabolic dysfunction and gut dysbiosis in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). In this study, we aimed to clarify the impact of the gut microbial composition and function on metabolic dysfunction in BD patients with an acute depressive episode.MethodsFresh fecal samples were provided from 58 patients with BD depression, including 29 with normal weight (NW) and 29 with overweight/obesity (OW), and 31 healthy controls (HCs). The hypervariable region of 16 S rRNA gene (V3‐V4) sequencing was performed using IonS5TMXL platform to evaluate the bacterial communities. Differences of microbial community and correlation to clinical parameters across different groups were analyzed.ResultsCompared to NW and HCs, the OW group showed a decreased tendency in alpha diversity index. Beta diversity was markedly different among these groups (PERMANOVA: R2 = 0.034, p = 0.01) and was higher in patients versus HCs. A total number of 24 taxa displayed significantly different abundance among OW, NW, and HCs. At the family level, the abundance of three taxa was remarkably increased in NW, one in OW, and one in HCs. At the genus level, five taxa were enriched in OW, eight in NW, and two in HCs. The relative abundance of the genera Megamonas was positively associated with BMI, while Eggerthella was negatively correlated with BMI. Functional prediction analysis revealed the metabolism of cofactors and vitamins and amino acid were highly enriched in OW compared to HCs. In addition, microbial functions involved in “lipid metabolism” were depleted while the “fructose and mannose metabolism” was enriched in OW compared to NW group.ConclusionsSpecific bacterial taxa involved in pathways regulating the lipid, energy, and amino acid metabolisms may underlie the weight concerns in depressed BD patients. Potential targeting gut microbial therapy is provided for overweight/obesity patients with BD, which still need further studies in the future.
Surfactant screening techniques for effective dispersion of carbon black pigment
Authors: Chavan Bhagyesh , Nagose Swati , Rose Elvina , Joshi Amit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEffective dispersion of a pigment in a colour concentrate is imperative to its performance. A well dispersed pigment yields the true strength of a colour and becomes stabilised in the long run. To accomplish this, a suitable chemistry of the surfactant is a prerequisite for dispersion and stabilisation of the pigment. A plethora of surfactants are available commercially and it is very difficult to choose the right surfactant that suits the pigment chemistry. Carbon black, being difficult to disperse, was chosen in this study to provide dispersion from an effective surfactant. Simple screening processes, if available for these surfactants, can save a huge amount of time and energy compared with the conventional method of conducting individual experiments. This paper discusses the development of such simple surfactant screening techniques, which could make the selection process simpler and quicker.
Drivers of large carnivore density in non‐hunted, multi‐use landscapes
Authors: Devlin Allison L. , Frair Jacqueline L. , Crawshaw Peter G. , Hunter Luke T. B. , Tortato Fernando R. , Hoogesteijn Rafael , Robinson Nathaniel , Robinson Hugh S. , Quigley Howard B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProtected areas serve as population strongholds for many large carnivores, with multi‐use landscapes along their borders forming the front‐lines of wildlife conservation. Understanding large carnivore population dynamics within working landscapes is difficult where anthropogenic mortality is high and unregulated. This study focused on working ranches, where killing jaguars (Panthera onca) and their prey was prohibited, to gain insight into jaguar population potential across multi‐use landscapes. Faced with forest fragmentation, presence of domestic livestock, and dynamic land‐use practices, we expected jaguar populations in working landscapes to be predominantly male and transient, with low cub production, and inflated population densities in remnant forest patches, versus protected areas where we expected native forest habitat and stable jaguar territories. Using camera traps and spatial‐capture recapture analyses, we observed that male jaguars demonstrated larger‐scale movements and were more detectable than females (0.07 ± 0.01 SE vs. 0.02 ± 0.01 SE) in both working and protected landscapes. Female jaguars in ranches traveled farther than females in parks. Carnivore density increased with forest cover and wild prey activity, decreased with domestic prey activity, and was marginally higher in ranches (4.08 individuals/100 km2 ± 0.73 SE) than in parks (3.59 individuals/100 km2 ± 0.64 SE). Females outnumbered males in both landscapes (2.20–2.60 females/100 km2vs. ~1.60 males/100 km2), although local male density reached up to 11.00 males/100 km2in ranches (vs. 3.50 males/100 km2in parks). While overall jaguar density was patchier in protected areas ( = 0.69 parks, 0.54 ranches), inter‐annual patchiness was higher within ranches (Moran'sI = 0.49–0.60 ranches, 0.69–0.70 parks), reflecting changes in cattle management. Despite major habitat alterations, working landscapes can support carnivore densities equivalent to (or exceeding that of) unmodified forest habitat, provided that wildlife‐tolerant ranching practices are maintained.