bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary Care First Initiative: Impact on Care Delivery and Outcomes
Authors: Adida Elodie , Bravo Fernanda 
Published: April 2023

Problem definition: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services launched the Primary Care First (PCF) initiative in January 2021. The initiative builds upon prior innovative payment models and aims at incentivizing a redesign of primary care delivery, including new modes of delivery, such as remote care. To achieve this goal, the initiative blends capitation and fee-for-service (FFS) payments and includes performance-based adjustments linked to service quality and health outcomes. We analyze a model motivated by this new payment system, and its impact on the different stakeholders, and derive insights on how to design it to reach the best possible outcome. Methodology/results: We propose an analytical model that captures patient heterogeneity in terms of health complexity, provider choice of care-delivery mode (referral to a specialist, in-person visit, or remote care), and quality of service (health outcomes and wait time). We analyze the provider decision on the mode of care delivery under both FFS and PCF and study whether PCF can be designed to yield a socially optimal outcome. We characterize analytically when patients, payer, and providers are better off under PCF and show that, in many cases, PCF can be designed to yield a socially optimal outcome. We numerically calibrate our model for 14 states in the United States. We observe that the average health status in a state is a source of heterogeneity that crucially drives the performance of PCF. We find that the model motivated by the current PCF implementation results in too much adoption of referral care and too little adoption of remote care. In addition, states with poor average health status may use more in-person care than socially optimal under a baseline (low) level of capitation. Moreover, relying on high levels of capitation leads to low adoption of in-person care. Managerial implications: Our results have health policy implications by shedding light on how PCF might impact patients, payer, and providers. Under the current performance-based adjustments, low levels of capitation should be preferred. PCF has the potential to be designed to achieve socially optimal outcomes. However, the fee per visit may need to be tailored to the local population’s health status. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1207 .
Design and performance enhancement of an all-optical demultiplexer for optical computing applications employing photonic crystals
Authors: Swarnakar Sandip , Saikiran Yerravalli , Chavadi Yashwanth Kuruva , Bhavan Kumar Katta , Venkata Rakesh Naddi , Kumar Santosh 
Published: April 2023

In this paper, a photonic crystal (PhC) based 1×2 demultiplexer is designed to work efficiently at 1550nm, which is the operating wavelength of optical communication. In designing a 1×2 demultiplexer, the PhC structure employs Y-shaped square-lattice silicon rods with air as its basis in accordance with the principle of beam interference. This study presents a 15×15 rod-based PhC optimized structure with air as its background. Several distinct phase studies are carried out making use of a wide variety of lattice constant and refractive index values of PhCs. The design achieves enhanced performance in accordance with parameters such as having higher contrast ratio of 15.64 dB, high transmission efficiency of 77.92%, fast response time of 15.03 fs, and low insertion loss of 1.08 dB with optimal values for refractive index (RI), silicon rod radius, and lattice constant. The results of the simulation that used the finite-difference-time-domain technique illustrate the good performance of this structure, which exhibits a higher contrast ratio and bit rate, average transmitted power, and fewer power losses.
Determinant factors of leprosy-related disability; comparison of acceleration failure time and parametric shared frailty models
Authors: Masresha Bezanesh Melese , Yesuf Kasim Mohammed , Moyehodie Yikeber Abebaw , Biresaw Hailegebrael Birhan , Mulugeta Solomon Sisay , Addisia Gedam Derbew 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundLeprosy is an illness persisting for a long time or constantly recurring brought about byMycobacterium leprae. The collusion of the causing agent with Schwann cells leads to incapable of being changed loss of fringe nerve tissue; followed by incapacity and that is not restricted to actual powerlessness yet additionally makes a negative picture, prompting segregation and social disgrace against the altered people also, their families.MethodsThe analysis of this study comprises 205 samples of patients at All African TB and Leprosy Rehabilitation and Training Centre from January 2015 up to December 2019 G.C who were taking medication for leprosy and who possess all necessary data. Territorial conditions in the region of the patients were utilized as a clustering impact in all frailty models. Acceleration failure time models and parametric shared frailty models with Weibull and log-strategic patterns were utilized to dissect hazard factors related to disability ensued by leprosy. All fitted models were looked at by utilizing AIC.ResultsFrom that of 205, 69(33.7%) experienced at least one kind of disability grade during treatment taking. In light of AIC, log-logistic-gamma shared frailty model was the final best fitting model and also there was considerable variation among patients. The final model showed the age of patients, symptom duration, treatment category of patients, and sensory loss were found to be the most significant determinants of leprosy disability.ConclusionIn this investigation, there is proof of heterogeneity at the group level and disability was related to the age of patients, symptom duration, treatment category of patient, what’s more, sensory loss subsequently, uncommon consideration ought to be given to these huge indicators, which eventually diminish the event of disability. To lessen the patient-related postponement, the program should lay more noteworthy accentuation on bringing issues to light in the local area by zeroing in on key messages like indications, inability result of the late discovery, accessibility of free treatment what’s more, accessibility of disease care in general wellbeing office.
Women want male partner engagement in antenatal care services: A qualitative study of pregnant women from rural South Africa
Authors: Audet Carolyn M. , Sack Daniel E. , Ndlovu Godfrey H. , Morkel Caroline , Harris Jacob , Wagner Ryan G. , Seabi Tshegofatso M. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
Evidence strongly shows that a supportive, involved male partner facilitates maternal HIV testing during pregnancy, increases maternal antiretroviral (ART) adherence and increases HIV-free infant survival. Partner engagement in antenatal care (ANC) is influential; however, the most effective strategy to engage male partners is currently unknown. Engaging pregnant women to understand whether male partner involvement is welcome in ANC, what this involvement entails and how best to invite their partner is an important first step in determining how best to engage male partners.

Methods
We interviewed 36 pregnant women receiving ANC services at a district hospital in rural Mpumalanga, South Africa to assess the strengths and weaknesses of their current relationship, the type of partner support they receive, whether they would like their male partner to be involved in their ANC, and how best to invite their male partner to their appointments. We conducted a thematic analysis of the qualitative interviews using MAXQDA software.

Results
Financial, emotional, and physical support were noted as important aspects of support currently provided by male partners, with most pregnant women wanting their partners to engage in ANC services during pregnancy. Preferred engagement strategies included participation in couple-based HIV testing and counseling, regular ANC appointment attendance, and delivery room presence. Women who reported a positive relationship with her partner were more likely to prefer inviting their partner without health facility assistance, while those who reported challenges in their relationship preferred assistance through a letter or community health worker. Pregnant women perceived regular business hours (due to their partner being employed and unable to take off work) and having a partner involved in multiple relationships as barriers in getting their partner to attend ANC services.

Discussion
Rural South African women, even those in unsatisfactory relationships want their male partners to attend their ANC visits and birth. To make this possible, health facilities will have to tailor male partner engagement outreach strategies to the preferences and needs of the pregnant woman.
Simultaneous analysis of antihyperglycemic small molecule drugs and peptide drugs by means of dual liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Vollmer Aline C. , Wagmann Lea , Weber Armin A. , Meyer Markus R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The study aimed to evaluate dual liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) for the simultaneous analysis of small and large molecule drugs by development and application of a validated bioanalytical method.

Methods
The oral antihyperglycemic drugs (OAD) dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, glibenclamide, glimepiride, metformin, pioglitazone, repaglinide, saxagliptin, sitagliptin, and vildagliptin, as well as the antihyperglycemic peptides exenatide, human insulin, insulin aspart, insulin degludec, insulin detemir, insulin glargine, insulin glulisine, insulin lispro, and semaglutide were included in the analytical procedure. Analytes were extracted using a combination of protein precipitation and solid-phase extraction. Two identical reversed-phase columns were used for separation followed by Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry. The whole procedure was validated according to international recommendations.

Results
Different MS parameters had to be used for the two analyte groups, but dual LC separation allowed elution of all analytes within 12 min using the same column type. The analytical procedure was accurate and precise for most of the compounds except for exenatide, semaglutide, and insulin glargine, which were included qualitatively in the method. Analysis of proof-of-concept samples revealed OAD concentrations mostly within their therapeutic range, insulins could be detected in five cases but at concentrations below the lower limit of quantification except for one case.

Conclusions
Dual LC in combination with HRMS was shown to be a suitable platform to analyze small and large molecules in parallel and the current method allowed the determination of a total of 19 antihyperglycemic drugs in blood plasma within 12 min.
Konjunkte Partizipien in der Erzählung des Einsiedlers Abraham und seiner Nichte Maria — Ein Beitrag zur narrativen Syntax des Kirchenslavischen
Authors: Stern Dieter 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article argues that conjunct participles form along with the dative absolute the core strategies of Church Slavonic narrative syntax. It is meant to show that word order preferences in participial constructions, which have been observed by among others Zhivov (2011) are possibly determined by Gestalt psychological patterns that hold the middle ground between discourse organization and visual perception. Utilizing the Gestalt concepts of figure and ground and the derived concept of complex figure, it is argued that the larger part of conjunct participle constructions serve the representation of complex figures, with a margin of cases shading off into figure-ground relations. In addition, a liminal zone of participial usage where Gestalt principles seem not to apply on principled grounds is being identified.
Pharmacological Inactivation of the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis Increases Affiliative Social Behavior in Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Jacobs Jessica T. , Maior Rafael S. , Waguespack Hannah F. , Campos-Rodriguez Carolina , Forcelli Patrick A. , Malkova Ludise 
Published: April 2023

The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) has been implicated in a variety of social behaviors, including aggression, maternal care, mating behavior, and social interaction. Limited evidence from rodent studies suggests that activation of the BNST results in a decrease in social interaction between unfamiliar animals. The role of the BNST in social interaction in primates remains wholly unexamined. Nonhuman primates provide a valuable model for studying social behavior because of both their rich social repertoire and neural substrates of behavior with high translational relevance to humans. To test the hypothesis that the primate BNST is a critical modulator of social behavior, we performed intracerebral microinfusions of the GABAAagonist muscimol to transiently inactivate the BNST in male macaque monkeys. We measured changes in social interaction with a familiar same-sex conspecific. Inactivation of the BNST resulted in significant increase in total social contact. This effect was associated with an increase in passive contact and a significant decrease in locomotion. Other nonsocial behaviors (sitting passively alone, self-directed behaviors, and manipulation) were not impacted by BNST inactivation. As part of the “extended amygdala,” the BNST is highly interconnected with the basolateral (BLA) and central (CeA) nuclei of the amygdala, both of which also play critical roles in regulating social interaction. The precise pattern of behavioral changes we observed following inactivation of the BNST partially overlaps with our prior reports in the BLA and CeA. Together, these data demonstrate that the BNST is part of a network regulating social behavior in primates.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) has a well-established role in anxiety behaviors, but its role in social behavior is poorly understood. No prior studies have evaluated the impact of BNST manipulations on social behavior in primates. We found that transient pharmacological inactivation of the BNST increased social behavior in pairs of macaque monkeys. These data suggest the BNST contributes to the brain networks regulating sociability.
Reproductive Biology of Greenback Mullet, Planiliza subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) from Segara Anakan Cilacap
Authors: Sukmaningrum Sri , Jannah Dian Nasyitatul , Nuryanto Agus 
Published: April 2023

Greenback Mullets (Planiliza subviridis) are a commercial commodity and are fished daily in the Segara Anakan Cilacap, although has not been overfished. Continuous and unregulated fishing might harm the Greenback Mullets population. Therefore, sustainable fisheries of this species are still needed. Reproductive biology is among the essential aspect that supports sustainable fisheries. This research aims to obtain information on the reproductive biology of Greenback Mullet in Segara Anakan Cilacap. The research used a survey method with a purposive random sampling technique. The observed parameters were the gonad maturity stage, gonad maturity index, and fecundity. The data were analyzed descriptively. The female individuals have gonad maturity stages III and IV, gonad maturity stage was 16.81±2.59 and 16.92±2.51, and fecundity was 37,208-183,661 and 38,468 - 272,835 in August and October, respectively. Conversely, male individuals have a low gonad maturity stage and gonad maturity index. Based on the data, Greenback Mullets in the Segara Anakan estuary have maximum gonad maturity stage, gonad maturity index, and fecundity in August and October, while in February they were in early gonadal development. These data are essential for sustainable fisheries management in the Segara Anakan estuary Cilacap, Central Java, especially for Planiliza subviridis.
Transaminase Enzyme and Liver Histopatological Structure of Mice Facing to Smoke Cigarettes After Administerred with Enhalus acoroides Peel Extract
Authors: Saulahirwan Rivanty , Sinay Hermalina , Karuwal Ritha Lusian 
Published: April 2023

The objective of this research were aimed to determine the level of transaminase enzymes and the histopathological structure of mice liver exposed to cigarette smoke after treatment of E. acoroides peel extract. Completely randomized design was conducted with 3 doses treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) and a control group (K+, K-) with 3 times repeated. The test was carried out during 14 days for cigarette smoke, and 14 days for seagrass peel extract tretment. The data measured were the levels of SGOT, SGPT and were analyzed using the Anova test. Liver histopathology (necrosis, parenchymatous, hydropic degeneration and normal) were described descriptively. The results showed that the administration of seagrass E. acoroides peel extract had a significant effect on decreasing levels of SGOT, SGPT (p value 0.05) when compared with K+. The P3 treatment had lower levels of SGOT (80.07±3.1 IU/L) and SGPT (88.3±2.1 IU/L). Liver histopathology consist of 34 necrosis cells less than the positive control group (K+) and normal cells were 47, higher than the positive control group (K+). It can be concluded that E. acoroides peel extract had a significant effect on SGOT, SGPT levels in mice exposed to cigarette smoke. Peel extract of E. acoroides 75 mg/kgBW (P3) was an effective dose to reduce the levels of SGOT, SGPT and improve the histopathological structure of mice liver exposed to cigarette smoke. This research is expected to be useful for the community, especially in the coastal areas regarding the benefits of using E. acoroides as a therapeutic agent against free radicals originating from cigarette smoke.
Methodological Approach to Assessing and Monitoring the Risk Tolerance of the Investment and Construction Project Management System
Authors: Целыковских А.А. , Никитин Ю.А. , Асташенко А.Н. , Зубова Л.В. , Бирюков А.Н. 
Published: April 2023

Разработан методический подход к оцениванию и мониторингу рискоустойчивости системы управления инвестиционно-строительным проектом (ИСП). Рассмотрены основные проблемы и пути их решения в части управления рисками функционирования систем ИСП. Разработаны критерии оценивания рискоустойчивости системы управления ИСП на различных этапах выполнения работ по обеспечению потребностей специальной военной операции. Сделан вывод, что Российской Федерации нужна комплексная программа управления рисками всего жизненного цикла функционирования систем ИСП: от инвестиционно-строительного замысла до вывода из эксплуатации.
Throughout the world, the construction sector of the economy is a part of the country’s economic complex, which is responsible for the production of construction materials, construction of buildings, highways, industrial and social infrastructure facilities. It is subjected to special att ention. The article discusses the main problems and ways to solve them in terms of risk management of the functioning of investment and construction project (ICP) systems. Criteria for assessing the risk tolerance of the ICP management system at various stages of work to meet the needs of a special military operation have been developed. The Russian Federation needs a comprehensive risk management program for the entire life cycle of ICP systems: from the investment and construction plan to decommissioning.
Dual Role of Early Childhood Teachers as Health Cadres in Reducing Stunting
Authors: Hakimah Nurul , Nadhiroh Siti Rahayu , Dhorta Nandia Firsty , Tapriadi  , Palupi Fitria Dhenok , Hapsari Indri , Fajar Ibnu , Hadisuyitno Juin 
Published: April 2023

Background: The role of early childhood education teachers (PAUD) is getting bigger in areas related to child nutrition and become potential contributors in improving and reducing stunting cases in children under five. The purpose of this study is how to promote health through the right food for PAUD-aged children. The role of PAUD teachers as well as health cadres is to become best practice in efforts to reduce stunting in the Malang City, Indonesia. Methods: This research is an analytic observational cross sectional design, using 150 PAUD teachers as well as health cadres who carry out best practice efforts to reduce stunting through evidence-based in-depth interviews. Results: The best practices that have been implemented are : the number of PAUD-age children who receive PMT directly; the ease of delivery of health promotion to the community, especially parents or child caretakers; higher community compliance; and a significant increase in children's weight and height. The impact and output of the dual role of PAUD teachers as health cadres in reducing stunting is more effective. Conclusion: This dual role of early childhood teachers as health cadres needs to be appreciated, defined, and rewarded by national authorities, based on local needs, and programmed according to policy-based evidence, such as in the formation of the Team for the Acceleration of Stunting Reduction (TPPS).
IMPLEMENTASI STRATEGI PEMASARAN LEMBAGA PENDIDIKAN PONDOK PESANTREN AL MUAYYAD SURAKARTA
Authors: Uswatun Hasanah Dian , Alfi Ahmad , Mujahid Imam 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRAK

Sebagian masyarakat memandang pesantren hanya suatu wadah khusus dalam mempelajari agama, belum lagi bagi pesantren yang mencoba mempertahankan nilai-nilai tradisi leluhur tak jarang dianggap sebagai suatu keterbelakangan. Hal tersebut memberikan dampak pada penilaian sebagian masyarakat yang menyebabkan pendidikan pondok pesantren kurang diminati. Atas dasar tersebut, implementasi strategi pemasaran menjadi penting untuk menjawab sebuah kebutuhan. Maksud dari tujuan ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan implementasi strategi pemasaran di lembaga pendidikan Pondok Pesantren Al Muayyad Surakarta.
Artikel penelitian ini menggunakan strategi kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan dengan jenis fokus penelitian studi kasus. Sumber data berupa dokumen dan informan. Dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dan content analysis. Adapun teknik analisis data menggunakan model atau pola interaktif, dikumpulkan, dikelompokkan, dianalisis, lalu ditarik kesimpulan dengan tetap mengacu teori manajemen strategik Fred R. David tentang implementasi strategi pemasaran.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat strategi pemasaran pendidikan yang dilakukan Pondok Pesantren Al Muayyad Surakarta, yakni pengelolaan promosi lembaga, perencanaan pemasaran, pengorganisasian pemasaran, pembentukan struktur organisasi pemasaran, keterlibatan kiai dan pimpinan dalam pengendalian pemasaran, adanya pembeda dalam pencapaian target pengelolaan pemasaran. Kemudian, implementasi strategi pemasaran Pondok Pesantren Al Muayyad dilakukan dengan melihat persoalan atau permasalahan pemasaran yang meliputi positioning product dan segmentasi pasar. Segmentasi pasar mencakup bentuk produk, harga, promosi, dan tempat. Adapun positioning product berkaitan dengan keistimewaan yang dimiliki Pondok Pesantren Al Muayyad yakni “Cerdas dan Mulia Bersama Al-Qur’an.

Kata Kunci: Implementasi Strategi, Pemasaran, Pesantren.