bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomarkers in neurodegeneration: A beginner’s guide into curated analyses using publicly available datasets
Authors: Moreira Diana Gomes , Jan Asad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The availability of bioassays for the discovery of surrogate biomarkers reflecting neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) remains a significant challenge. With the advent of the next generation omics technologies and refinements in analytical algorithms, a substantial number of annotated datasets have recently been made available in the public domain. However, without sufficient background in programming or statistical analyses, many researchers find it a daunting task to parse such datasets and translate these data into impactful paradigms. It is also likely that several researchers, especially younger researchers, are not sufficiently aware of these resources. The purpose of this brief Method/Resource article is to demonstrate the utility of publicly available datasets for probing disease relevance of candidate markers in neurodegeneration. As a starting point, we introduce the readers to several open-access resources which contain genomics and proteomics datasets from human studies in common NDDs. Then, using a step-by-step approach- as well as without adopting any a priori hypothetical bias-, we present findings from curated gene expression analyses probing glutathione biogenesis, calcium signaling and autophagy related gene expression across select brain regions of four cohorts of PD patients (and from one study in common NDDs). This is accompanied by summary of reports on the detection of select markers in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Lastly, we enclose a compilation of several annotated microarray studies and additional curated CSF protemics data in common NDDs, which the readers can utilize for translational purposes. We anticipate that this “beginner’s guide” will be of great benefit to the research community in neurodegenerative diseases, and can serve as a useful educational tool.
Tilt Angle Filter Effect on Noise Cancelation and Structural Edges Detection in hydrocarbon Sources in a Gravitational Potential Field
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Aliakbar , Khah Nasser Keshavarz Faraj , Kianoush Pooria , Arjmand Yaser , Ebrahimabadi Arash , Jamshidi Emad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Noise cancelation is the process done to remove out-of-range anomalies and make better edge boundaries interpretation. One of the most challenging issues in describing gravitational maps is separating the anomalies related to shallow sources from the deep ones. Furthermore, Existing noises can make it arduous to separate shallow blurred boundaries. In this study in SE Iran, gravitational surveying was carried out in shallow areas from the west of Qeshm to the Hormuz islands in a regular network with a distance of one kilometer. The range of gravitational Bouguer was -297 to -330 mGal. Modeling and determining geometrical parameters revealed five negative anomalies from salt penetration. The residual gravity was computed by deducting gravitational effects related to deep sources from measured gravitational data. The hyperbolic tangent function was preferred by comparing the results and employing the tilt angle filter on different gravitational field maps using numerical coding. Correspondingly, estimating the boundary and edge of the subsurface masses will be better than local filters, and anomalies will be highlighted with more intensity. Furthermore, three major fault systems in the Zagros basin were determined as the primary origin of activity and expansion of Hormuz salt. Sensitivity analysis was employed utilizing analytical signals and maps of tilt angle filtering, which both revealed the same satisfying results of -297 to -330 mGal. In this article, the effect of the tilt angle local phase filter on a synthetic model was accomplished through numerical coding. Then the results were analyzed on the gravity data.
Comparative Outcomes of different interventions in ARDS: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Zhiyuan , Liu Haonan , Zhou Shuaishuai , Zhang Ruiqi , Meng Chao , Li Shengli , Liu Xiao , Yan Xianliang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is linked to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Evidence examining commonly used corticosteroids, neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) remains uncertain. The aim of the study was to compare and rank these three treatments to identify the best one.
DATA SOURCES: We searched Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from the earliest records to May 1, 2022 for clinic trials.
STUDY SELECTIONT AND DATA EXTRACTION: Clinical trials of three interventions compared with control group for ARDS, no language restricted. Data were extracted by 2 independent reviewers. Frequentist network meta-analyses (NMA) were performed to identify the best intervention and treatments were ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) curve. Primary outcome was 28-day mortality. Secondary outcomes varied ventilator-free days at 28 days, ICU mortality, In-hospital mortality and new infection events.
DATA SYNTHESIS: Data were combined from 26 clinical trials which included 5071 patients. Vecuronium bromide was the best strategy to reduce 28-day mortality compared with the conventional treatment, iNO, methylprednisolone and placebo (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.15-1.00 and OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.10-0.85 and OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.08-0.74 and OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.08-0.65; SUCRA: 96.6%). Dexamethasone was the best treatment option for increasing ventilator-free days at 28 days compared to conventional therapy and cisatracurium (MD 3.60, 95% CI 1.77-5.43 and MD 3.40, 95% CI 0.87-5.92; SUCRA: 93.2%). Methylprednisolone was the most effective treatment option to prevent ICU mortality (SUCRA: 88.5%). Though dexamethasone, cisatracurium, conventional therapy, methylprednisolone and iNO treatment showed no significant superiority of in-hospital mortality protection over placebo, suggesting that it had the highest probability of being the best treatment option (SUCRA: 79.7%) for reducing in-hospital mortality. Dexamethasone treatment showed the highest safety for decreasing the incidence of new infection events compared with placebo and iNO (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.42-0.88 and OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.19-0.58; SUCRA: 91.8%).
Conclusions: This NMA suggested that corticosteroids are possibly beneficial in the patients with ARDS while application of NMBAs may reduce 28-day mortality, iNO as a therapeutic measure which did not show a prominent beneficial effect.
Study registration:PROSPERO, CRD42022333165
Core protocol development for phase 2/3 clinical trials in the leukodystrophy Vanishing White Matter
Authors: Schoenmakers Daphne H. , Leferink Prisca S. , Vanderver Adeline , Bonkowsky Joshua L. , Krägeloh-Mann Ingeborg , Bernard Geneviève , Bertini Enrico , Fatemi Ali , Fogel Brent L. , Wolf Nicole I. , Skwirut Donna , Buck Allyson , Holberg Brett , Saunier-Vivar Elise F. , Rauner Robert , Dekker Hanka , Bokhoven Pieter , Stellingwerff Menno D. , Berkhof Johannes , Knaap Marjo S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: The leukodystrophy “Vanishing White Matter” (VWM) is an orphan disease with neurological decline and high mortality. Currently, VWM has no approved treatments, but advances in understanding pathophysiology have led to identification of promising therapies. Several investigational medicinal products are either in or about to enter clinical trial phase. Clinical trials in VWM pose serious challenges, as VWM has an episodic disease course; disease phenotype is highly heterogeneous and predictable only for early onset; and study power is limited by the small patient numbers. To address these challenges and accelerate therapy delivery, the VWM Consortium, a group of academic clinicians with expertise in VWM, decided to develop a core protocol to function as a template for trials, to improve trial design and facilitate sharing of control data, while permitting flexibility regarding other trial details. Overall aims of the core protocol are to collect safety, tolerability, and efficacy data for treatment assessment and marketing authorization.
Methods: To develop the core protocol, the VWM Consortium designated a committee, including clinician members of the VWM consortium, family and patient group advocates, and experts in statistics, clinical trial design and alliancing with industries. We drafted three age-specific protocols, to stratify into more homogeneous patient groups, of ages ≥18 years, ≥6 to <18 years and <6 years. We chose double‐blind, randomized, placebo-controlled design for patients aged ≥6 years; and open-label non-randomized natural-history-controlled design for patients <6 years. The protocol describes study populations, age-specific endpoints, inclusion and exclusion criteria, study schedules, sample size determinations, and statistical considerations.
Discussion: The core protocol provides a shared uniformity across trials, enables a pool of shared controls, and reduces the total number of patients necessary per trial, limiting the number of patients on placebo. All VWM clinical trials are suggested to adhere to the core protocol. Other trial components such as choice of primary outcome, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and biomarkers are flexible and unconstrained by the core protocol. Each sponsor is responsible for their trial execution, while the control data are handled by a shared research organization. This core protocol benefits the efficiency of parallel and consecutive trials in VWM, and we hope accelerates time to availability of treatments for VWM.
Trial registration: NA
Case report: Traumatic carotid and vertebral arteries Pseudoaneurysm associated with vertebral arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Zhou Yusen , Zhang Shuai , Hu Lijun , Yin Jiangliu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

Penetrating injury to the neck may cause damage to the carotid or vertebral artery. However, Pseudoaneurysm (PSA) of the carotid and vertebral artery associated with vertebral arteriovenous fistula (AVF) caused by trauma is extremely rare. In order to avoid serious neurological complications, prompt treatment is indispensable. To our knowledge, there has never been a similar report before.

Case presentation

We report the case of a 37-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital with an hour history of consciousness disorder due to criminal cervical and pectoral stab wounds. Based on clinical symptoms and imaging examination, this patient was diagnosed as carotid and vertebral artery PSA associated with vertebral AVF. With the combination of endovascular and surgical treatment, the patient had no occurrence of neurological complications over one year of follow-up.

Conclusion

In patients with neck severe injury, the possibility of carotid and vertebral artery injuries must be considered, even in the absence of manifestations. For PSA of the carotid and vertebral arteries associated with vertebral AVF, treatment is necessary, digital subtraction angiography is the gold standard diagnostic tool.
Impact of Lumpy Skin Disease in India: Socio-behavioural Analysis, Epidemiology and Economics
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Kour Gurpreet , Dhillon Sehajpal Singh , Brar Parkash Singh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The outbreak of animal diseases has both explicit and implicit economic repercussions. In the present study, a simple mathematical model has been developed to estimate the economic impact of Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD) in India along with socio-behavioral factors and epidemiological metrics. The econometrics is based on all the direct and indirect losses and expenditures incurred during the entire course of disease in a dairy farm specifically considering production losses, reproduction losses, treatment costs, preventive costs and other costs. Primary data were collected from 100 dairy farms located in Indian state of Punjab in which LSD outbreak occurred. Based on the results, the economic impact of the disease was extrapolated for the total bovines effected due to the disease in the LSD outbreak occurred in India from July, 2022 to October, 2022. Results revealed 45.25 percent morbidity in cattle, 0.19 percent in buffaloes and 27.04 in pooled sample of bovines with 12.40 percent mortality in cattle. A net economic loss of INR 1135.26 crores (USD 137.26 million) in Punjab and INR 18337.76 crores (USD 2217.26 million) in India was estimated due to LSD outbreak in bovines. The modelling approach along with socio-behavioural analysis and epidemiology provided an evidence of coherence among the prevailing factors and aided to estimate economic impact precisely.
Stochastic analysis of a bistable piezoelectric energy harvester with a matched electrical load
Authors: Bonnin Michele , Song Kailing , Traversa Fabio Lorenzo , Bonani Fabrizio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present the analysis of a bistable piezoelectric energy harvester with matched electrical load, subject to random mechanical vibrations. The matching network optimizes the average energy transfer to the electrical load. The system is described by a set of nonlinear stochastic differential equations. A perturbation method is used to find an approximate solution of the stochastic system in the weak noise limit, and this solution is used to optimize the circuit parameters of the matching network. In the strong noise limit, the state equations are integrated numerically to determine the average power absorbed by the load and the power efficiency. Our analysis shows that the application of a properly designed matching network improves the performances by a significant amount, as the power delivered to the load improves of a factor about 9 with respect to a direct connection.
Bioinformatics identification of potential protein glycosylation genes associated with glioma stem cell signature
Authors: Kazuya Tokumura , Sadamori Koki , Yoshimoto Makoto , Lyu Jiajun , Tanaka Yuki , Fukasawa Kazuya , Hinoi Eiichi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Glioma stem cells (GSCs) contribute to the pathogenesis of glioblastoma (GBM), which is the most malignant form of glioma. The implications and underlying mechanisms of protein glycosylation in GSC phenotypes and GBM malignancy are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the implication of protein glycosylation and the corresponding candidate genes on the stem cell properties of GSCs and poor clinical outcomes in GBM, using single-cell RNA sequencing and bulk RNA sequencing datasets of clinical GBM specimens deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus database, in addition to The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas databases of patients with glioma. We demonstrated that N-linked glycosylation was significantly associated with GSC properties and the prognosis of GBM by conducting integrated bioinformatics analyses of clinical specimens. N-linked glycosylation was associated with the glioma grade, molecular biomarkers, and molecular subtypes. The expression levels of the asparagine-linked glycosylation (ALG) enzyme family, which is essential for the early steps in the biosynthesis of N-glycans, were prominently associated with GSC properties and poor survival in patients with GBM with high stem-cell properties. Finally, the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway was primarily enriched in GSCs with a high expression of the ALG enzyme family. Collectively, these findings uncover a pivotal role for N-linked glycosylation in the regulation of GSC phenotypes and GBM malignancy through, possibly in part, the ALG-OXPHOS axis, thereby revealing a potential target for GSC-directed therapy.
Similarities and differences in general practices with and without nurse practitioners: multiple case study design
Authors: Schlunegger Margarithe Charlotte , Palm Rebecca , Zumstein-Shaha Maya 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: New care models are needed for the increasing elderly, chronically ill, and multimorbid population, especially in primary healthcare. Rural regions are particularly affected where bottlenecks in supply provisions and a shortage of health professionals are emerging. To address these challenges, nurse practitioners (NPs) have been introduced in Swiss general practices to improve primary healthcare of chronically ill people. We aimed to explore Swiss primary healthcare delivery for chronically ill people in general practices with and without NPs and identify similarities and differences in these general practices.
Methods: We conducted a multiple case study design with interviews, observations, questionnaires, and patient records. The EQUATOR reporting standards for organisational case studies were used. We described the similarities and differences by drawing on Wagner’s Chronic Care Model and applied deductive thematic analysis. We included five general practices located in rural areas in Switzerland. A total of 34 patients and 26 health professionals were included. Each general practice team consisted of general practitioners (GPs), medical practice coordinators (MPCs), medical practice assistants (MPAs), and a NP (in two general practices).
Results: Similarities in all five general practices included the presence of specific framework conditions such as the shortage of health professionals or the lack of billing options. By law, the final decisional responsibility lays with the GPs. GPs had trust in the general practice teams. Patients wanted to be perceived as a whole person. Differences included that NPs filled gaps in interfaces with the local community and regarding complex, unstable patient situations. Teams with NPs found themselves in a larger process of change.
Conclusions: NPs, MPCs, MPAs, and GPs in Swiss general practices make major contributions to the care of chronically ill patients in local communities. NPs provide additional care to patients at home and in general practices that was previously unavailable; however, adaptation of existing general practice structures to the new healthcare delivery model needs to be explored. The identified similarities and differences can help general practices to conceptualize new roles of health care professionals with different educational backgrounds and restructure the workflow, especially in countries where new roles are emerging.
Usefulness of the Xerostomia Inventory and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 questionnaires to assess patient-reported outcomes associated with xerostomia in polymedicated patients
Authors: Ramirez Lucia , Sánchez Isabel , González-Serrano José , Muñoz Marta , Martínez–Acitores María Luisa , Garrido Estela , Hernández Gonzalo , Muñoz Rosa María López-Pintor 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to investigate the association and correlation between patient-reported outcomes associated with xerostomia and salivary flow in polymedicated patients.Subjects and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted. Unstimulated (UWS) and stimulated (SWS) salivary flows were collected. Xerostomia was assessed by a question and the use of Xerostomia Inventory (XI). Oral Health-related quality of life was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14).Results:218 patients were included. 51.8% suffered from xerostomia and 38.1% and 27.5% suffered from UWS and SWS hyposalivation, respectively. Patients with xerostomia, UWS and SWS hyposalivation scored significantly higher on the XI questionnaire than patients without these disorders. However, only patients with xerostomia and UWS hyposalivation were observed to score significantly higher on the OHIP-14 than patients without these alterations. A significant positive correlation was observed between XI and OHIP-14. Significant negative correlations were observed between XI and UWS, and XI and SWS. OHIP-14 was negatively correlated with both salivary flows, but this correlation was only significant between OHIP-14 and UWS flow.Conclusions:Questionnaire XI scores are higher in patients with xerostomia and reduced UWS and SWS flows. However, OHIP-14 is increased in patients with xerostomia and reduced UWS flow. Clinical Relevance: The XI reflects changes in xerostomia and salivary flow so it could be a good questionnaire to assess drug-associated xerostomia in future research studies. However, the OHIP-14 reflects changes in xerostomia level and UWS flow but is not as reliable for assessing changes in SWS flow.Clinical Relevance:The XI reflects changes in xerostomia and salivary flow so it could be a good questionnaire to assess drug-associated xerostomia in future research studies. However, the OHIP-14 reflects changes in xerostomia level and UWS flow but is not as reliable for assessing changes in SWS flow.Trial Registration:None
Line-Bound Vectors, Plane-Bound Bivectors, and Heron's Formula for Tetrahedra
Authors: Havel Timothy 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The representation of some elementary geometric concepts in the conformal geometric algebra of three dimensions are reviewed, and their connections to a recently discovered extension of Heron's formula for the area of a triangle to the volume of a tetrahedron are discussed.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). Primary 51M04; Secondary 11E88, 15A67, 51M25, 51M30, 52A38, 52B10.
Prevalence of intestinal parasitoses in canines within a vulnerable area of Ensenada, Buenos Aires province, Argentina
Authors: Gamboa María Inés , Butti Marcos J. , Corbalán Valeria V. , Osen Beatriz A. , Paladini Antonela , Lagala Fiamma , Bonzo Estela , Radman Nilda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The potential role of dogs as reservoirs of zoonotic infections is one of the major public health problems. Water emergency areas are generally vulnerable zones with a lack of care from the owners who do not have the basic sanitary service conditions. Canines often feed on waste detecting coprophagia of human faeces facilitated by the final disposal of excreta in open-air defecation. The objective of this research was to determine the presence of intestinal parasitoses in canines from a sanitary risk area inhabited by a vulnerable human population. Dog faeces were collected by an enema with a soapy solution and processed by the Telemann’s sedimentation technique as well as the Sheather’s ﬂotation procedure besides a direct examination. A number of 703 (79.3%) analyzed canine faeces were parasitized from a total of 886. Ancylostoma caninum (57%), Toxocara canis (24%) and Uncinaria stenocephala (21%) were the most frequent species. The specific richness in the canine population was 17 species. The highest parasitosis frequency was observed among male canines and those under one-year aged for the total parasitized ones with T. canis, Cistoisospora canis, C. ohioensis, and Giardia spp. High prevalences found in canines from the present study could indicate that both diagnosis and treatment are not enough to achieve sustainable changes in vulnerable areas. Actions addressed to the environmental factor are essentials in order to avoid reinfections.