bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of mindfulness on sexual self-esteem and marital intimacy in postmenopausal women: a quasi-experimental study
Authors: Khazaeian Somayyeh , Rahimi-Nezhad Maryam , Fathnezhad-Kazemi Azita 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMenopause is a turning point in women’s lives and a major medical challenge, leading to drastic changes in sexual self-esteem and the husband-wife relationship, which can have an undeniable impact on the quality of their life.AimTo assess the effect of mindfulness-based education on sexual self-esteem and marital intimacy in postmenopausal women.MethodsThis quasi-experimental study was conducted with 130 women who were assigned to 2 groups, intervention (n = 65) and control (n = 65), out of whom 127 completed the study. The interventional group received 8 training sessions. The mindfulness-based intervention consisted of 8 educational sessions and daily mindfulness exercises. Sexual self-esteem was assessed by the Sexual Self-esteem Index for Woman–Short Form, and marital intimacy was measured with Thompson and Walker’s Intimacy Scale. The collected data were analyzed via analysis of covariance.OutcomesOutcomes included changes in sexual self-esteem and marital intimacy scores.ResultsParticipants in the intervention group demonstrated higher levels of total self-esteem posttreatment than participants in the control group (125.15 vs 119.46) and higher levels of intimacy (74.22 vs 61.59). The difference was still significant after adjusting for self-esteem (η2 = 0.312, P &lt; .001) and intimacy (η2 = 0.573, P &lt; .001) at baseline.Clinical ImplicationsMindfulness may be used as a strategy to improve sexual self-esteem and marital intimacy.Strengths and LimitationsUnlike other treatments, mindfulness seems to be low cost and less complex in improving sexual self-esteem and marital intimacy. Limitations of this study include use of available sampling methods, nonrandom allocation of participants, and self-reporting data collection.ConclusionAs evidenced by the results, 8 weeks of mindfulness training could improve sexual self-esteem and marital intimacy in menopausal women. The mindfulness-based intervention should be incorporated into routine care to help menopausal women.
Rice FERONIA-LIKE RECEPTOR 3 and 14 affect grain quality by regulating redox homeostasis during endosperm development
Authors: He Wei , Li Wanjing , Luo Xiao , Tang Yuqin , Wang Long , Yu Feng , Lin Qinlu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chalky endosperm negatively affects the appearance, milling, and eating qualities of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains. Here, we report the role of two receptor-like kinases, FERONIA-LIKE RECEPTOR 3 (FLR3) and FERONIA-LIKE RECEPTOR 14 (FLR14), in grain chalkiness and quality. Knockouts of FLR3 and/or FLR14 increased the number of white-core grains caused by aberrant accumulation of storage substances, resulting in poor grain quality. Conversely, the overexpression of FLR3 or FLR14 reduced grain chalkiness and improved grain quality. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses showed that genes and metabolites involved in the oxidative stress response were significantly up-regulated in flr3 and flr14 grains. The content of reactive oxygen species was significantly increased in flr3 and flr14 mutant endosperm but decreased in overexpression lines. This strong oxidative stress response induced the expression of programmed cell death (PCD)-related genes and caspase activity in endosperm, which further accelerated PCD, resulting in grain chalkiness. We also demonstrated that FLR3 and FLR14 reduced grain chalkiness by alleviating heat-induced oxidative stress in rice endosperm. Therefore, we report two positive regulators of grain quality that maintain redox homeostasis in the endosperm, with potential applications in breeding rice for optimal grain quality.
The bar rotation rate as a diagnostic of dark matter content in the centre of disc galaxies
Authors: Buttitta C , Corsini E M , Aguerri J A L , Coccato L , Costantin L , Cuomo V , Debattista V P , Morelli L , Pizzella A 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe investigate the link between the bar rotation rate and dark matter content in barred galaxies by concentrating on the cases of the lenticular galaxies NGC 4264 and NGC 4277. These two gas-poor galaxies have similar morphologies, sizes, and luminosities. But, NGC 4264 hosts a fast bar, which extends to nearly the corotation, while the bar embedded in NGC 4277 is slow and falls short of corotation. We derive the fraction of dark matter fDM, bar within the bar region from Jeans axisymmetric dynamical models by matching the stellar kinematics obtained with the MUSE integral-field spectrograph and using SDSS images to recover the stellar mass distribution. We build mass-follows-light models as well as mass models with a spherical halo of dark matter, which is not tied to the stars. We find that the inner regions of NGC 4277 host a larger fraction of dark matter ($f_{\rm DM, bar}\, =\, 0.53\pm 0.02$) with respect to NGC 4264 ($f_{\rm DM, bar}\, =\, 0.33\pm 0.04$) in agreement with the predictions of theoretical works and the findings of numerical simulations, which have found that fast bars live in baryon-dominated discs, whereas slow bars experienced a strong drag from the dynamical friction due to a dense DM halo. This is the first time that the bar rotation rate is coupled to fDM, bar derived from dynamical modelling.
Multipole expansion for 21 cm intensity mapping power spectrum: Forecasted cosmological parameters estimation for the SKA observatory
Authors: Berti Maria , Spinelli Marta , Viel Matteo 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe measurement of the large-scale distribution of neutral hydrogen in the late Universe, obtained with radio telescopes through the hydrogen 21 cm line emission, has the potential to become a key cosmological probe in the upcoming years. We explore the constraining power of 21 cm intensity mapping observations on the full set of cosmological parameters that describe the ΛCDM model. We assume a single-dish survey for the SKA Observatory and simulate the 21 cm linear power spectrum monopole and quadrupole within six redshift bins in the range $z$ = 0.25–3. Forecasted constraints are computed numerically through Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. We extend the sampler CosmoMC by implementing the likelihood function for the 21 cm power spectrum multipoles. We assess the constraining power of the mock data set alone and combined with Planck 2018 CMB observations. We find that 21 cm multipoles observations alone are enough to obtain constraints on the cosmological parameters comparable with other probes. Combining the 21 cm data set with CMB observations results in significantly reduced errors on all the cosmological parameters. The strongest effect is on Ωch2 and H0, for which the error is reduced by almost a factor four. The percentage errors we estimate are $\sigma _{\Omega _ch^2} = 0.25~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and $\sigma _{H_0} = 0.16~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, to be compared with the Planck only results $\sigma _{\Omega _ch^2} = 0.99~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and $\sigma _{H_0} = 0.79~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. We conclude that 21 cm SKAO observations will provide a competitive cosmological probe, complementary to CMB and, thus, pivotal for gaining statistical significance on the cosmological parameters constraints, allowing a stress test for the current cosmological model.
INFERNO: Galactic winds in dwarf galaxies with star-by-star simulations including runaway stars
Authors: Andersson Eric P , Agertz Oscar , Renaud Florent , Teyssier Romain 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The formation and evolution of galaxies have proved sensitive to the inclusion of stellar feedback, which is therefore crucial to any successful galaxy model. We present INFERNO, a new model for hydrodynamic simulations of galaxies, which incorporates resolved stellar objects with star-by-star calculations of when and where the injection of enriched material, momentum, and energy takes place. INFERNO treats early stellar kinematics to include phenomena such as walkaway and runaway stars. We employ this innovative model on simulations of a dwarf galaxy and demonstrate that our physically motivated stellar feedback model can drive vigorous galactic winds. This is quantified by mass and metal loading factors in the range of 10–100, and an energy loading factor close to unity. Outflows are established close to the disc, are highly multiphase, spanning almost 8 orders of magnitude in temperature, and with a clear dichotomy between mass ejected in cold, slow-moving (T ≲ 5 × 104 K, v &lt; 100 km s−1) gas and energy ejected in hot, fast-moving (T &gt; 106 K, v &gt; 100 km s−1) gas. In contrast to massive disc galaxies, we find a surprisingly weak impact of the early stellar kinematics, with runaway stars having little to no effect on our results, despite exploding in diffuse gas outside the dense star-forming gas, as well as outside the galactic disc entirely. We demonstrate that this weak impact in dwarf galaxies stems from a combination of strong feedback and a porous interstellar medium, which obscure any unique signatures that runaway stars provide.
Clinical features of polymyalgia rheumatica patients in Japan: Analysis of real-world data from 2015 to 2020
Authors: Tanaka Yoshiya , Tanaka Shinichi , Takahashi Toshiya , Kato Naoto 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To assess clinical features in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) in Japan by the International Classification of Disease (ICD)-10 code assignment.

Methods
Demographics, treatment patterns, and concomitant diseases (identified using ICD-10 code only) in patients who were assigned the PMR ICD-10 code M35.3 at least once between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2020 were aggregated from a nationwide medical information database owned by the Health, Clinic, and Education Information Evaluation Institute.

Results
The cumulative number of patients with PMR was 6325 (mean [standard deviation] age, 74.3 [11.4] years; male:female, 1:1.3). Most patients were &gt;50 years (96.5%) with &gt;33% between 70 and 79 years. Glucocorticoids were prescribed in ∼54% of patients within 30 days of PMR code assignment. All other drug types were prescribed in &lt;5% of patients. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis were noted in &gt;25% and giant cell arteritis in 1% of patients. During the study period, 4075 patients were newly assigned the PMR code and 62% were prescribed glucocorticoids within 30 days.

Conclusions
This is the first retrospective real-world data analysis describing the clinical features of PMR in a large patient population from Japan. Further studies of prevalence, incidence, and clinical features are warranted in patients with PMR.
Chemistry, structure and function of approved oligonucleotide therapeutics
Authors: Egli Martin , Manoharan Muthiah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEighteen nucleic acid therapeutics have been approved for treatment of various diseases in the last 25 years. Their modes of action include antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs), RNA interference (RNAi) and an RNA aptamer against a protein. Among the diseases targeted by this new class of drugs are homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, spinal muscular atrophy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis, familial chylomicronemia syndrome, acute hepatic porphyria, and primary hyperoxaluria. Chemical modification of DNA and RNA was central to making drugs out of oligonucleotides. Oligonucleotide therapeutics brought to market thus far contain just a handful of first- and second-generation modifications, among them 2′-fluoro-RNA, 2′-O-methyl RNA and the phosphorothioates that were introduced over 50 years ago. Two other privileged chemistries are 2′-O-(2-methoxyethyl)-RNA (MOE) and the phosphorodiamidate morpholinos (PMO). Given their importance in imparting oligonucleotides with high target affinity, metabolic stability and favorable pharmacokinetic and -dynamic properties, this article provides a review of these chemistries and their use in nucleic acid therapeutics. Breakthroughs in lipid formulation and GalNAc conjugation of modified oligonucleotides have paved the way to efficient delivery and robust, long-lasting silencing of genes. This review provides an account of the state-of-the-art of targeted oligo delivery to hepatocytes.
Effective extraction of polyribosomes exposes gene expression strategies in primary astrocytes
Authors: Mandelboum Shir , Herrero Melisa , Atzmon Andrea , Ehrlich Marcelo , Elroy-Stein Orna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Regulation of mRNA translation in astrocytes gains a growing interest. However, until now, successful ribosome profiling of primary astrocytes has not been reported. Here, we optimized the standard ‘polysome profiling’ method and generated an effective protocol for polyribosome extraction, which enabled genome-wide assessment of mRNA translation dynamics along the process of astrocyte activation. Transcriptome (RNAseq) and translatome (Riboseq) data generated at 0, 24 and 48 h after cytokines treatment, revealed dynamic genome-wide changes in the expression level of ∼12 000 genes. The data clarify whether a change in protein synthesis rate results from a change in mRNA level or translation efficiency per se. It exhibit different expression strategies, based on changes in mRNA abundance and/or translation efficiency, which are specifically assigned to gene subsets depending on their function. Moreover, the study raises an important take-home message related to the possible presence of ‘difficult to extract’ polyribosome sub-groups, in all cell types, thus illuminating the impact of ribosomes extraction methodology on experiments addressing translation regulation.
Functional mesoporous materials in clean energy: an interview with Dongyuan Zhao
Authors: Zhu He 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
National Science Review invited Prof. Dongyuan Zhao of Fudan University for an interview focusing on his team's renowned research on functional mesoporous materials and energy-related applications. Prof. Zhao is a professor of chemistry and materials science, and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He received his PhD in chemistry from Jilin University in 1990. He has since focused his research on the synthesis and structure of porous materials and molecular sieves. His team received a first-tier national science award in 2021 for their contribution to the research and development of mesoscopic materials. They discovered a method of synthesizing mesoporous organic polymers and carbonaceous materials using organic-organic self-assembly. This work was published in 2005 and since then it has turned into a vibrant new field of more than 40 000 publications so far. His team has named more than 20 of their inventions after Fudan University: the FDU mesoporous series.
Transcription factors MhDREB2A/MhZAT10 play a role in drought and cold stress response crosstalk in apple
Authors: Li Xing-Liang , Meng Dong , Li Min-Ji , Zhou Jia , Yang Yu-Zhang , Zhou Bei-Bei , Wei Qin-Ping , Zhang Jun-Ke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDrought and cold stresses seriously affect tree growth and fruit yield during apple (Malus domestica) production, with combined stress causing injury such as shoot shriveling. However, the molecular mechanism underlying crosstalk between responses to drought and cold stress remains to be clarified. In this study, we characterized the zinc finger transcription factor ZINC FINGER OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA 10 (ZAT10) through comparative analysis of shoot-shriveling tolerance between tolerant and sensitive apple rootstocks. MhZAT10 responded to both drought and cold stresses. Heterologous expression of MhZAT10 in the sensitive rootstock ‘G935' from domesticated apple (Malus domestica) promoted shoot-shriveling tolerance, while silencing of MhZAT10 expression in the tolerant rootstock ‘SH6' of Malus honanensis reduced stress tolerance. We determined that the apple transcription factor DEHYDRATION RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN 2A (DREB2A) is a direct regulator activating the expression of MhZAT10 in response to drought stress. Apple plants overexpressing both MhDREB2A and MhZAT10 genes exhibited enhanced tolerance to drought and cold stress, while plants overexpressing MhDREB2A but with silenced expression of MhZAT10 showed reduced tolerance, suggesting a critical role of MhDREB2A-MhZAT10 in the crosstalk between drought and cold stress responses. We further identified drought-tolerant MhWRKY31 and cold-tolerant MhMYB88 and MhMYB124 as downstream regulatory target genes of MhZAT10. Our findings reveal a MhDREB2A-MhZAT10 module involved in crosstalk between drought and cold stress responses, which may have applications in apple rootstock breeding programs aimed at developing shoot-shriveling tolerance.
Vinyl chloride enhances high-fat diet-induced proteome alterations in the mouse pancreas related to metabolic dysfunction
Authors: Ge Yue , Bruno Maribel , Nash Maliha S , Coates Najwa Haykal , Chorley Brian N , Cave Matthew C , Beier Juliane I 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Alterations in physiological processes in pancreas have been associated with various metabolic dysfunctions and can result from environmental exposures, such as chemicals and diet. It was reported that environmental vinyl chloride (VC) exposure, a common industrial organochlorine and environmental pollutant, significantly exacerbated metabolic-related phenotypes in mice fed concurrently with high-fat diet (HFD) but not low-fat diet (LFD). However, little is known about the role of the pancreas in this interplay, especially at a proteomic level. The present study was undertaken to examine the protein responses to VC exposure in pancreas tissues of C57BL/6J mice fed LFD or HFD, with focus on the investigation of protein expression and/or phosphorylation levels of key protein biomarkers of carbohydrate, lipid, and energy metabolism, oxidative stress and detoxification, insulin secretion and regulation, cell growth, development, and communication, immunological responses and inflammation, and biomarkers of pancreatic diseases and cancers. We found that the protein alterations may indicate diet-mediated susceptibility in mouse pancreas induced by HFD to concurrent exposure of low levels of inhaled VC. These proteome biomarkers may lead to a better understanding of pancreas-mediated adaptive or adverse response and susceptibility to metabolic disease.
Charged multivesicular body protein 4b forms complexes with gap junction proteins during lens fiber cell differentiation
Authors: Zhou Yuefang , Bennett Thomas M. , White Thomas W. , Shiels Alan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCharged multivesicular body protein 4b (CHMP4B) is a core sub‐unit of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT‐III) machinery that serves myriad remodeling and scission processes of biological membranes. Mutation of the human CHMP4B gene underlies rare forms of early‐onset lens opacities or cataracts, and CHMP4B is required for lens growth and differentiation in mice. Here, we determine the sub‐cellular distribution of CHMP4B in the lens and uncover a novel association with gap junction alpha‐3 protein (GJA3) or connexin 46 (Cx46) and GJA8 or Cx50. Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy revealed that CHMP4B localized to cell membranes of elongated fiber cells in the outer cortex of the lens—where large gap junction plaques begin to form—particularly, on the broad faces of these flattened hexagon‐like cells in cross‐section. Dual immunofluorescence imaging showed that CHMP4B co‐localized with gap junction plaques containing Cx46 and/or Cx50. When combined with the in situ proximity ligation assay, immunofluorescence confocal imaging indicated that CHMP4B lay in close physical proximity to Cx46 and Cx50. In Cx46‐knockout (Cx46‐KO) lenses, CHMP4B‐membrane distribution was similar to that of wild‐type, whereas, in Cx50‐KO lenses, CHMP4B localization to fiber cell membranes was lost. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting analyses revealed that CHMP4B formed complexes with Cx46 and Cx50 in vitro. Collectively, our data suggest that CHMP4B forms plasma membrane complexes, either directly and/or indirectly, with gap junction proteins Cx46 and Cx50 that are often associated with “ball‐and‐socket” double‐membrane junctions during lens fiber cell differentiation.
Escape the Anxiety: An Interactive Dosage Calculations Escape Room as a Contextualized Math Review
Authors: Murphy Glenn , Slowinski Paulette Dawn , Sweeney Amy B. , Morse Catherine Y. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An innovative teaching strategy was designed to prepare undergraduate nursing students for their dosage calculations assessment. An interactive virtual escape room presented students with the opportunity to help discharge their patient from the hospital. Within Google Forms, nurse educators created a branching storyline where the answers selected determined the path the students would take to meet the learning objectives.
The Effect of Exercise Modalities on Walking Capacity in Patients With Intermittent Claudication
Authors: Tremblay Renaud , Marcotte-Chénard Alexis , Hamelin-Morrissette Jovane , Poirier Laurence , Perron Pierre-Nicolas , Durivage Andréanne , Mampuya Warner Mbuila , Huard Gabriel , Riesco Eléonor 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
Despite extensive research on the effect of supervised exercise therapy on walking performance in patients with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease (PAD), it remains unclear which training modality provides the greatest improvement in walking capacity. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of different types of supervised exercise therapy on walking capacity in individuals with symptomatic PAD.

Methods:
A random-effect network meta-analysis was performed. The following databases were searched from January 1966 to April 2021: SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, AMED, Academic Search Complete and, Scopus. Trials had to include at least one type of supervised exercise therapy for patients with symptomatic PAD, with an intervention lasting ≥2 wk with ≥5 training sessions, and an objective measure of walking capacity.

Results:
Eighteen studies were included for a total sample of 1135 participants. Interventions duration ranged from 6-24 wk and included aerobic exercise (treadmill walking, ergometer, and Nordic walking), resistance training (lower and/or upper body), a combination of both, and underwater exercise. Results showed that combined training improved treadmill walking capacity to a comparable extent to aerobic walking (+122.0 [24.2-219.8] m vs +106.8 [34.2-179.4] m), but with a larger effect size (1.20 [0.50-1.90] vs 0.67 [0.22-1.11]). Similar results were observed for the 6-min walk distance, with combined training being the most promising modality (+57.3 [16.2-98.5] m), followed by underwater training (+56.5 [22.4-90.5] m) and aerobic walking (+39.0 [12.8-65.1] m).

Conclusion:
While not statistically superior to aerobic walking, combined exercise seems to be the most promising training modality. Aerobic walking and underwater training also improved walking capacity for patients with symptomatic PAD.