bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spine Surgery with Electronic Conductivity Device: A Prospectively Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial and Literature Review
Authors: Zhai Xiao , Li Bo , Chen Kai , Chen Ziqiang , Shao Jie , Chen Kai , Xu Qintong , Meng Dehua , Fei Qinming , Jiang Leisheng , Bai Yushu , Li Ming 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveImproving accuracy and safety of pedicle screw placement is of great clinical importance. Electronic conductivity device (ECD) can be a promising technique with features of affordability, portability, and real‐time detection capabilities. This study aimed to validate the safety and effectiveness of a modified ECD.MethodsThe ECD underwent a modification where six lamps of various colors, and it was utilized in a prospectively multicenter randomized controlled clinical trial involving 96 patients across three hospitals from June 2018 to December 2018. The trial incorporated a self‐control randomization with an equal distribution of left or right side of vertebral pedicle among two groups: the free‐hand group and the ECD group. A total of 496 pedicle screws were inserted, with 248 inserted in each group. The primary outcomes focused on the accuracy of pedicle screw placement and the frequency of intraoperative X‐rays. Meanwhile, the secondary indicator measured the time required for pedicle screw placement. Results were presented as means ± SD. Paired samples t‐test and χ2‐test were used for comparison. Furthermore, an updated review was conducted, which included studies published from 2006 onwards.ResultsBaseline patient characteristics were recorded. The primary accuracy outcome revealed a 96.77% accuracy rate in the ECD group, compared to a 95.16% accuracy rate in the free‐hand group, with no significant differences noted. In contrast, ECD demonstrated a significant reduction in radiation exposure frequency when compared to the free‐hand group (1.11 ± 0.32 vs. 1.30 ± 0.53; p < 0.001), resulting in a 14.6% reduction. Moreover, ECD displayed a decrease of 30.38% in insertion time (70.88 ± 30.51 vs. 101.82 ± 54.00 s; p < 0.001). According to the results of the 21 studies, ECD has been utilized in various areas of the spine such as the atlas, thoracic and lumbar spine, as well as sacral 2‐alar‐iliac. The accuracy of ECD ranged from 85% to 100%.ConclusionThe prospectively randomized trial and the review indicate that the use of ECD presents a secure and precise approach to the placement of pedicle screws, with the added benefit of reducing both procedure time and radiation exposure.
Identification of atrial fibrillation phenotypes at low risk of stroke in patients with CHA2DS2‐VASc ≥2: Insight from the China‐AF study
Authors: Jiang Chao , Li Mingxiao , Hu Yiying , Du Xin , Li Xiang , He Liu , Lai Yiwei , Chen Tiange , Li Yingxue , Guo Xueyuan , Jiang Chenxi , Tang Ribo , Sang Caihua , Long Deyong , Xie Guotong , Dong Jianzeng , Ma Changsheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivePatients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are highly heterogeneous, and current risk stratification scores are only modestly good at predicting an individual's stroke risk. We aim to identify distinct AF clinical phenotypes with cluster analysis to optimize stroke prevention practices.MethodsFrom the prospective Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Registry cohort study, we included 4337 AF patients with CHA2DS2‐VASc≥2 for males and 3 for females who were not treated with oral anticoagulation. We randomly split the patients into derivation and validation sets by a ratio of 7:3. In the derivation set, we used outcome‐driven patient clustering with metric learning to group patients into clusters with different risk levels of ischemic stroke and systemic embolism, and identify clusters of patients with low risks. Then we tested the results in the validation set, using the clustering rules generated from the derivation set. Finally, the survival decision tree was applied as a sensitivity analysis to confirm the results.ResultsUp to the follow‐up of 1 year, 140 thromboembolic events (ischemic stroke or systemic embolism) occurred. After supervised metric learning from six variables involved in CHA2DS2‐VASc scheme, we identified a cluster of patients (255/3035, 8.4%) at an annual thromboembolism risk of 0.8% in the derivation set. None of the patients in the low‐risk cluster had prior thromboembolism, heart failure, diabetes, or age older than 70 years. After applying the regularities from metric learning on the validation set, we also identified a cluster of patients (137/1302, 10.5%) with an incident thromboembolism rate of 0.7%. Sensitivity analysis based on the survival decision tree approach selected a subgroup of patients with the same phenotypes as the metric‐learning algorithm.ConclusionsCluster analysis identified a distinct clinical phenotype at low risk of stroke among high‐risk [CHA2DS2‐VASc≥2 (3 for females)] patients with AF. The use of the novel analytic approach has the potential to prevent a subset of AF patients from unnecessary anticoagulation and avoid the associated risk of major bleeding.
Dental extractions do not predict further use of dental general anesthesia in people with disabilities: A longitudinal analysis
Authors: McGeown Danielle , Mac Giolla Phadraig Caoimhin , Van Harten Maria , Stapleton Siobhan , Nunn June 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis paper describes treatments completed under dental general anesthesia (DGA) for a cohort of adults with disabilities. This patient cohort was followed up a number of years later to determine outcomes and identify factors that predict further use of DGA.MethodsA retrospective patient record review and cross‐sectional survey was carried out on a convenience sample of 64 patients who had previously received dental treatment under general anesthesia. Patient record review extracted data on patient demographics and treatment provided under DGA. Cross‐sectional survey a number of years post‐DGA collected data on oral care habits and current oral health based on a standardized clinical examination. Statistical analysis was carried out to identify predictors of repeat DGA.ResultsParticipants received extensive treatment under DGA including preventive care, restorations, extractions, and root canal treatment. At follow‐up 89.1% of participants had gingival disease and 56.3% had active dental caries. The mean number of teeth present was 21.2 (SD 6.9, range 6–32). Only caries risk status was found to be a significant predictor (p = 0.03) with those with a high caries risk status 6.9 times (95%CI 1.2–39.3) more likely to receive a second DGA.ConclusionsDentists extract teeth for people with disabilities under DGA in the mistaken belief that this will avoid the need for further DGA. This study found that extraction of teeth does not prevent the need for repeated episodes of DGA. Therefore, dentists should stop extracting teeth for this reason. Rather, if dentists want to avoid further DGA, they should do the basics well: consistent, evidence‐based caries risk assessment and risk reduction.
Comparison of young and old patients on peritoneal dialysis: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Çankaya Erdem , Altunok Murat 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith a global increase in life expectancy around the world, the burden of chronic kidney disease in the elderly is increasing. The number of elderly patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) is also increasing. There is still a perception that PD may be associated with an increased risk of complications in these elderly patients.MethodsA total of 311 patients, of which 103 PD patients aged 65 and over and 208 PD patients under 65 years of age, were followed in a single center and evaluated, retrospectively. Demographic data of these patients, albumin values at first PD and during PD time, residual urine amount, number of peritonitis, time to the first peritonitis attack, PD endpoints, and mortality were compared.ResultsPeritonitis and technique failure rates were lower in patients aged 65 and over who applied PD (0.61–0.75, 6.8%–23.1%, respectively). There was no difference in peritonitis‐free survival (p = 0.931). Need for help HR 2.569 [95%CI 1.564–4.219] (p < 0.05), time to first peritonitis attack HR 0.983 [95%CI 0.974–0.992] (p < 0.05), mean albumin value HR 0.191 [95%CI 0.088–0.413] (p < 0.05), urine output level HR 1.154 [95%CI 1.010–1.318] (p < 0.05) were factors affecting mortality.ConclusionPeritonitis and technical survival evaluations of elderly PD patients, other than mortality, were lower than younger PD patients. However, the need for help is one of the biggest obstacles to this method for the elderly. We believe that incentives in this regard will increase the number of elderly PD patients.
Global practitioner assessment and management of mental fatigue and mental recovery in high‐performance sport: A need for evidence‐based best‐practice guidelines
Authors: Russell S. , Johnston R. D. , Stanimirovic R. , Halson S. L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundMental fatigue and mental recovery have gained scientific attention in relation to sporting performance, yet best practice assessment and management methods are lacking. A greater understanding of current knowledge and practices in high‐performance sport are necessary.ObjectiveTo understand the contemporary knowledge, beliefs, monitoring processes, management strategies, perceived responsibility, sources of evidence, and challenges, when assessing the mental fatigue and mental recovery of athletes in high‐performance sport.MethodsA mixed‐methods survey approach obtained information from 156 multi‐disciplinary high‐performance sport practitioners. Descriptive outputs were reported and potential differences between key concepts were detected using Wilcoxon‐signed rank analysis. Thematic analysis interpreted open‐text responses.ResultsOnly 11.5% and 5.1% of respondents indicated they were “very” knowledgeable about mental fatigue and mental recovery, respectively. Knowledge (p < 0.001) and confidence in application (p = 0.001) were significantly greater for mental fatigue than mental recovery. Nearly all respondents perceived mental fatigue and mental recovery impacted training and competition performance, with a greater negative impact during competition (p < 0.001). A limited number of respondents reported deliberate assessment (31.1%) or management (51.2%) of mental fatigue and mental recovery. A combination of sources of evidence were used to inform practice, with common challenges to implementation including staff knowledge, athlete‐buy in, time‐availability, and a lack of evidence. Practitioners reported that assessing and managing mental fatigue and mental recovery was multi‐disciplinary in nature.ConclusionPractitioners reported that mental fatigue and mental recovery did impact performance, yet this was not reflected in the implementation of evidence‐based assessment and management practices in high‐performance sport.
Identification of genomic alterations with clinical impact in canine splenic hemangiosarcoma
Authors: Estabrooks Timothy , Gurinovich Anastasia , Pietruska Jodie , Lewis Benjamin , Harvey Garrett , Post Gerald , Lambert Lindsay , Miller Aubrey , Rodrigues Lucas , White Michelle E. , Lopes Christina , London Cheryl A. , Megquier Kate 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCanine hemangiosarcoma (HSA) is an aggressive cancer of endothelial cells with short survival times. Understanding the genomic landscape of HSA may aid in developing therapeutic strategies for dogs and may also inform therapies for the rare and aggressive human cancer angiosarcoma. The objectives of this study were to build a framework for leveraging real‐world genomic and clinical data that could provide the foundation for precision medicine in veterinary oncology, and to determine the relationships between genomic and clinical features in canine splenic HSA. One hundred and nine dogs with primary splenic HSA treated by splenectomy that had tumour sequencing via the FidoCure® Precision Medicine Platform targeted sequencing panel were enrolled. Patient signalment, weight, metastasis at diagnosis and overall survival time were retrospectively evaluated. The incidence of genomic alterations in individual genes and their relationship to patient variables including outcome were assessed. Somatic mutations in TP53 (n = 44), NRAS (n = 20) and PIK3CA (n = 19) were most common. Survival was associated with presence of metastases at diagnosis and germline variants in SETD2 and NOTCH1. Age at diagnosis was associated with somatic NRAS mutations and breed. TP53 and PIK3CA somatic mutations were found in larger dogs, while germline SETD2 variants were found in smaller dogs. We identified both somatic mutations and germline variants associated with clinical variables including age, breed and overall survival. These genetic changes may be useful prognostic factors and provide insight into the genomic landscape of hemangiosarcoma.
Modeling and Analysis of the Bending Moment in a Subsea Shuttle Tanker Under the Effect of Waves Using a Multi-Body Approach
Authors: Patel Karan Sandipkumar , Ma Yucong , Xing Yihan , Li Lin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Subsea Shuttle Tanker (SST) is a cost-effective, novel sizeable autonomous vehicle designed to transport liquid CO2 between land facilities and smaller marginal fields. The SST travels underwater at a nominal diving depth of 70 m, allowing it to carry out freight operations in all weather conditions. Accurate structural assessment of large submarines is an essential part of structural reliability. In many practical cases, finite element methods (FEM) are used to predict the structural performance of the hull, but they come with significant computational expenses and time. This paper aims to present a reliable and efficient multi-body approach based on the discrete-module-beam bending-based hydroelectricity method to study the hydro-elastic behavior of SST hull at 40 and 70 m water depth. First, the continuous hull of the SST is discretized into several multi-body rigid modules. Then, a planar multi-body seakeeping model is presented to study the bending moment response of an interconnected multi-body rigid module under wave loads. The bending moment results are first measured using simplified multi-body geometry to ensure the use of the optimal number of model fidelity. The bending moment time series and power spectral density (PSD) have been analyzed in this paper. Numerical results also show that the mean bending moment at 40 m water depth is approximately 3 to 40 % greater than at 70 m water depth.
Analytical Model of Non-Linear Load Reduction Devices for Catenary Moorings
Authors: Festa Oscar , Gourvenec Susan , Sobey Adam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Load reduction devices are extensible components installed along mooring lines to provide peak and mean mooring load reduction, and are of articular interest for floating offshore wind. Various concepts exist, including ballasted pendulums, thermoplastic springs and hydraulic dampers, all of which provide compliance to environmental loads. This enables lighter mooring lines, smaller anchors and increased fatigue life of mooring lines — contributing to higher reliability and lower cost. Load reduction devices are designed to exhibit a non-linear load-extension behaviour: lower stiffness in the operational strain range to reduce loads, and higher stiffness at high strain. These devices are becoming an increasingly common consideration for FOWTs, and are pushing traditional analysis/design to readily incorporate nonlinearity. Well-established static catenary equations, used to define mooring tension-offset profiles, only account for linear elasticity such that capturing non-linear response typically requires finite element modelling. This paper presents an alternative through parameterising equations for three different non-linear load-extension curves and incorporating them into the existing catenary equations. For a given non-linear load-extension curve and length of load reduction device, the resulting analytical model can be solved quasi-instantaneously using Newton-Raphson or Newton-Krylov iterations to give vertical and horizontal mooring line tensions and thus strain of the device. Results from the new analytical model are compared with finite element predictions showing agreement to within 1%. The analytical model can be solved for any two unknowns, such that optimal load reduction device length and stiffness can be determined instantaneously given maximum environmental load and allowable surge. The new analytical equations are implemented into a graphical app, which allows the user to input any load reduction device parameters and visualise the resulting mooring system’s geometry and tension-offset profile.
Study on Large Particle Slurry Transport in Inclined Pipes With Pulsating Flow for Subsea Mining
Authors: Masanobu Sotaro , Takano Satoru , Yamamoto Marcio , Murai Yuichi , Tasaka Yuji , Park Hyun Jin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
For subsea mining, it is important to predict the pressure loss in oscillating pipes with pulsating slurry flow for the safe and reliable operation of ore lifting. The configuration of pipe is expected to have not only vertical but also inclined parts. In the present paper, the authors focused on the pulsating internal slurry flow in static inclined pipes and derived the mathematical model to predict the pressure loss in such conditions. The slurry transport experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of pulsating slurry flow on the pressure loss in inclined pipes. In the experiment, the data related to slurry flow was measured by the differential pressure gauges, the electromagnetic flowmeter and the ultrasound monitoring. The model derived was validated by a comparison with measured data. The measured pressure loss has an outstanding component with pulsating period of water flow with relatively small higher order harmonic components. Although the prediction model derived in the present study has a tendency to overestimate the pressure loss for larger inclination angles, the calculated pressure loss is within the acceptable range given the simplicity of the model.
The Effect of Power Take-Off System on S-Shaped Vertical Axis Autorotation Current Turbine
Authors: Soares Rodrigo B. , Fernandes Antonio Carlos , Sena Sales Junior Joel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the S-Shaped Vertical Axis Autorotation Current Turbine (VAACT) through experiments at the current flume from Laboratory of Waves and Currents (LOC-COPPE/UFRJ). The tests aim to obtain its efficiency curves varying the following parameters: Reynolds number, power takeoff (PTO) system, aspect ratio and tip speed ratio. The S-Shaped rotor is determined by Chan et al. [1] integrating genetic algorithm optimization to a bidimensional numerical model made in ANSYS®/Fluent®. Here, the optimized blade is made in 3D printer machine and subject to five different Reynolds numbers, four aspect ratios and seven PTO contributions. The power take-off system is based on lifting masses as explained in Fernandes & Rostami [2] where the power extracted is the time derivative of potential energy. The study shows the efficiency marginally changes with aspect ratio as this is a two-dimensional investigation. Moreover, the experiment provides the turbine efficiency is very sensitive to PTO configuration because it can significantly vary with that parameter. An uncertainty analysis has been carried out where that allows to realize the data into a given experimental assembly not only behave following up normal distribution but also have good repeatability. The maximum efficiency is about 14% and has been achieved at Reynolds number of 75,000, tip speed ratio of 1.44, aspect ratio of 1.5 and dimensionless Power Take-Off mass of 0.48.
Towards Functional Design for the Risk Management System of Maritime Accidents in Ice-Covered Arctic Waters From Resilience Perspectives
Authors: Fu Shanshan , Wu Mingyan , Zhang Mingyang , Han Bing , Wu Zhongdai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With emerging activities of Arctic shipping, the public pays more attention to risk management of maritime accidents and associated devastating consequences in Arctic waters. A risk management system is necessary so as to mitigate maritime accidents and promote the resilience of the Arctic maritime transportation systems. Consequently, this paper proposes a four-step functional design framework for risk assessment (risk identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation) and risk treatment of ships operating in ice-covered Arctic waters, concerning the four abilities (e.g., learn, anticipate, monitor, respond) for building resilient systems. First of all, we learn the accident scenarios and potential risk influencing factors (RIFs) of ice navigation from lessons and experiences. Secondly, we anticipate the navigational risks and associated critical RIFs for ice navigation in Arctic waters. Thirdly, we monitor the ship’s navigational status in the sea ice environment (including navigational speed, power system, and hull structure. Furthermore, under three steps, the risk management system can respond to the decision-making of the risk control options (RCOs) for the specific navigational risks in ice-covered waters. The proposed functional design framework and associated models may assist with risk management in Arctic shipping.
Numerical Investigation of Scoured Bridge Response Under Ship Collisions
Authors: Wang Zihao , Sha Yanyan , Ong Muk Chen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bridges crossing navigable waterways may be subjected to scour within their service life. Scour has complex mechanisms due to its site- and time-dependent characteristics, making it challenging to predict the scour depth accurately. Local scour alters the soil support conditions around bridge foundations, which may ultimately lead to potential structural damage and failure. Accidental ship collisions also pose threats to the overall integrity of bridges with navigable channels. However, current bridge design specifications and guidelines treat these two hazards independently, where intact bridge configurations are adopted as the design and analysis basis for ship collisions. To date, there have been limited studies investigating the dynamic behavior of bridges with scour subjected to ship collision loads. In this study, comparisons are made among four empirical prediction models for the equilibrium local scour depth around cylindrical piles. The accuracy of each prediction model is evaluated by using historical laboratory test records. Then, a four-span continuous bridge is chosen as the representative structure to study the applicability of these prediction models. The effects of key parameters such as flow depth, flow velocity, pile diameter and bed sediment size are analyzed. To study the dynamic behavior of bridges with scour under ship collisions, detailed numerical models of both the bridge and the ship bow are developed in LS-DYNA. The soil-structure interaction is modeled as a nonlinear spring system considering the pile group effect. A selection of typical scour scenarios based on the optimal scour prediction model with the least estimation error is considered. The maximum displacements at the top of bridge piers and group piles are investigated. The obtained simulation results can provide bridge engineers with not only guidance on the accuracy of different scour prediction models, but also a better understanding of the structural behavior of bridges with scour under accidental ship collisions.