bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noncommutative linear systems and noncommutative elliptic curves
Authors: Chan Daniel , Nyman Adam 
Published: September 2023

In this paper we introduce a noncommutative analogue of the notion of linear system, which we call a helix

L

_

≔
(

L

i

)

i
∈

Z

\underline {\mathcal {L}} ≔(\mathcal {L}_{i})_{i \in \mathbb {Z}}

in an abelian category

C

\mathsf {C}

over a quadratic

Z

\mathbb {Z}

-indexed algebra

A
A

. We show that, under natural hypotheses, a helix induces a morphism of noncommutative spaces from Proj

E
n
d
(

L

_

)

End(\underline {\mathcal {L}})

to Proj

A
A

. We construct examples of helices of vector bundles on elliptic curves generalizing the elliptic helices of line bundles constructed by Bondal-Polishchuk, where

A
A

is the quadratic part of

B
≔
E
n
d
(

L

_

)

B≔End(\underline {\mathcal {L}})

. In this case, we identify

B
B

as the quotient of the Koszul algebra

A
A

by a normal family of regular elements of degree 3, and show that Proj

B
B

is a noncommutative elliptic curve in the sense of Polishchuk [J. Geom. Phys. 50 (2004), pp. 162–187]. One interprets this as embedding the noncommutative elliptic curve as a cubic divisor in some noncommutative projective plane, hence generalizing some well-known results of Artin-Tate-Van den Bergh.
A Sobolev estimate for radial 𝐿^{𝑝}-multipliers on a class of semi-simple Lie groups
Authors: Caspers Martijn 
Published: September 2023

Let

G
G

be a semi-simple Lie group in the Harish-Chandra class with maximal compact subgroup

K
K

. Let

Ω
K

\Omega _K

be minus the radial Casimir operator. Let

1
4

dim
⁡
(
G

/

K
)
>

S
G

>

1
2

dim
⁡
(
G

/

K
)
,
s
∈
(
0
,

S
G

]

\frac {1}{4} \dim (G/K) > S_G > \frac {1}{2} \dim (G/K) , s \in (0, S_G]

and

p
∈
(
1
,
∞
)

p \in (1,\infty )

be such that
\[

|

1
p

−

1
2

|

>

s

2

S
G

.

\left | \frac {1}{p} - \frac {1}{2} \right | > \frac {s}{2 S_G}.

\]
Then, there exists a constant

C

G
,
s
,
p

>
0

C_{G,s,p} >0

such that for every

m
∈

L
∞

(
G
)
∩

L
2

(
G
)

m \in L^\infty (G) \cap L^2(G)

bi-

K
K

-invariant with

m
∈
D
o
m
(

Ω
K
s

)

m \in Dom(\Omega _K^s)

and

Ω
K
s

(
m
)
∈

L

2

S
G

/

s

(
G
)

\Omega _K^s(m) \in L^{2S_G/s}(G)

we have,

‖

T
m

:

L
p

(

G
^

)
→

L
p

(

G
^

)
‖
≤

C

G
,
s
,
p

‖

Ω
K
s

(
m
)

‖

L

2

S
G

/

s

(
G
)

,

\begin{equation} \Vert T_m: L^p(\widehat {G}) \rightarrow L^p(\widehat {G}) \Vert \leq C_{G, s,p} \Vert \Omega _K^s(m) \Vert _{L^{2S_G/s}(G)}, \end{equation}

where

T
m

T_m

is the Fourier multiplier with symbol

m
m

acting on the non- commutative

L
p

L^p

-space of the group von Neumann algebra of

G
G

. This gives new examples of

L
p

L^p

-Fourier multipliers with decay rates becoming slower when

p
p

approximates

2
2

.
SPAK-dependent cotransporter activity mediates capillary adhesion and pressure during glioblastoma migration in confined spaces
Authors: Lee Sung Hoon , Yousafzai Muhammad Sulaiman , Mohler Kyle , Yadav Vikrant , Amiri Sorosh , Szuszkiewicz Joanna , Levchenko Andre , Rinehart Jesse , Murrell Michael 
Published: September 2023

The invasive potential of glioblastoma cells is attributed to large changes in pressure and volume, driven by diverse elements, including the cytoskeleton and ion cotransporters. However, how the cell actuates changes in pressure and volume in confinement, and how these changes contribute to invasive motion is unclear. Here, we inhibited SPAK activity, with known impacts on the cytoskeleton and cotransporter activity and explored its role on the migration of glioblastoma cells in confining microchannels to model invasive spread through brain tissue. First, we found that confinement altered cell shape, inducing a transition in morphology that resembled droplet interactions with a capillary vessel, from “wetting” (more adherent) at low confinement, to “nonwetting” (less adherent) at high confinement. This transition was marked by a change from negative to positive pressure by the cells to the confining walls, and an increase in migration speed. Second, we found that the SPAK pathway impacted the migration speed in different ways dependent upon the extent of wetting. For nonwetting cells, SPAK inhibition increased cell-surface tension and cotransporter activity. By contrast, for wetting cells, it also reduced myosin II and YAP phosphorylation. In both cases, membrane-to-cortex attachment is dramatically reduced. Thus, our results suggest that SPAK inhibition differentially coordinates cotransporter and cytoskeleton-induced forces, to impact glioblastoma migration depending on the extent of confinement.
Multi-omics regulatory network inference in the presence of missing data
Authors: Henao Juan D , Lauber Michael , Azevedo Manuel , Grekova Anastasiia , Theis Fabian , List Markus , Ogris Christoph , Schubert Benjamin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A key problem in systems biology is the discovery of regulatory mechanisms that drive phenotypic behaviour of complex biological systems in the form of multi-level networks. Modern multi-omics profiling techniques probe these fundamental regulatory networks but are often hampered by experimental restrictions leading to missing data or partially measured omics types for subsets of individuals due to cost restrictions. In such scenarios, in which missing data is present, classical computational approaches to infer regulatory networks are limited. In recent years, approaches have been proposed to infer sparse regression models in the presence of missing information. Nevertheless, these methods have not been adopted for regulatory network inference yet. In this study, we integrated regression-based methods that can handle missingness into KiMONo, a Knowledge guided Multi-Omics Network inference approach, and benchmarked their performance on commonly encountered missing data scenarios in single- and multi-omics studies. Overall, two-step approaches that explicitly handle missingness performed best for a wide range of random- and block-missingness scenarios on imbalanced omics-layers dimensions, while methods implicitly handling missingness performed best on balanced omics-layers dimensions. Our results show that robust multi-omics network inference in the presence of missing data with KiMONo is feasible and thus allows users to leverage available multi-omics data to its full extent.
Identifying potential small molecule–miRNA associations via Robust PCA based on γ-norm regularization
Authors: Wang Shudong , Ren Chuanru , Zhang Yulin , Li Yunyin , Pang Shanchen , Song Tao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is closely associated with refractory human diseases, and the identification of potential associations between small molecule (SM) drugs and miRNAs can provide valuable insights for clinical treatment. Existing computational techniques for inferring potential associations suffer from limitations in terms of accuracy and efficiency. To address these challenges, we devise a novel predictive model called RPCA$\Gamma $NR, in which we propose a new Robust principal component analysis (PCA) framework based on $\gamma $-norm and $l_{2,1}$-norm regularization and design an Augmented Lagrange Multiplier method to optimize it, thereby deriving the association scores. The Gaussian Interaction Profile Kernel Similarity is calculated to capture the similarity information of SMs and miRNAs in known associations. Through extensive evaluation, including Cross Validation Experiments, Independent Validation Experiment, Efficiency Analysis, Ablation Experiment, Matrix Sparsity Analysis, and Case Studies, RPCA$\Gamma $NR outperforms state-of-the-art models concerning accuracy, efficiency and robustness. In conclusion, RPCA$\Gamma $NR can significantly streamline the process of determining SM–miRNA associations, thus contributing to advancements in drug development and disease treatment.
Value exclusion in social–scientific approaches for assessing and valuing ecosystem features: Implications for behavioral compliance
Authors: Asah Stanley T , Maris Virginie , Subramanian Sunneetha M , Blahna Dale J , Stenseke Marie , Chacón-Cascante Adrina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Value inclusion is critical for effective ecosystem science policy and largely emerged from critiques of the value-exclusionary attributes of ecological and economic approaches to value assessments and valuations. But whether and how value is excluded during social–scientific approaches to the assessments and valuations of ecosystem features has not received adequate attention. We identify and discuss instances of when and how value is excluded during social–scientific approaches to the assessments and valuations of ecosystem features to which people ascribe value. We illustrate the implications of value exclusion on social compliance with ecosystem management and policy recommendations, a vital overlooked aspect of policy effectiveness. We also extend the meaning of value exclusion beyond value omission to include misidentification and misattribution of salience to valued ecosystem features. We offer suggestions for enabling value inclusion where ways to minimize exclusion are inapparent.
Beyond ‘Global Good Samaritans’: Transnational Human Rights Obligations
Authors: Erdem Türkelli Gamze , Krajewski Markus , Vandenhole Wouter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
What we mean by human rights remains perhaps too anchored in the international legal frameworks that took shape after the Second World War. Those legal frameworks tend to take a myopic view on human rights duty-bearers. If human rights are to remain relevant for core societal challenges, such as climate change, exploitation of natural resources, or increasing inequalities, we need a better understanding of how human rights can engage more explicitly and effectively with power and inequitable and unjust global socioeconomic and political structures. Over the last 15 years, an ever increasing number of scholars and practitioners of human rights have been seeking to identify other duty-bearers beyond the territorial state, ranging from foreign states and international organizations to companies, in an effort to expand the relevance of human rights law in the quest towards global justice. This article identifies key challenges, takes stock of the current state of affairs, and suggests future directions for human rights law in tackling global structural inequities and injustices.
Human Rights and Peacebuilding: Bridging the Gap
Authors: Hillert Lina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In view of academic and policy discussions about a persisting gap between human rights and peacebuilding in the UN system, this article examines how peacebuilding has been integrated into the work of the UN Human Rights Council (HRC). The analysis draws on interviews with UN Member State attachés and representatives of non-governmental organizations, as well as a range of HRC documents focusing on Myanmar between 2006 and 2021. The findings complement the existing academic literature with nuanced insights into the interaction between human rights and peacebuilding practitioners from a human rights, institutional perspective. The analysis reveals that the HRC is aware of the link between human rights and peacebuilding, implicitly supports peacebuilding and seeks to strengthen institutional cooperation through the prevention resolutions. However, despite efforts to increase engagement, explicit linkages and coordination with the UN’s peacebuilding institutions in New York remain rare. Institutional silos, concerns about sovereignty and mandate overlap, fears of politicization as well as a lack of political will and capacity constraints present obstacles to cooperation. This article points to the need for a better information flow and stronger interaction between human rights and peacebuilding actors in Geneva and New York to enhance mutual understanding. Improving synergies between human rights and peacebuilding institutions in Geneva and New York is key to bridging the overall gap between human rights and peacebuilding—both in policy and practice.
BCG vaccination induces innate immune memory in γδ T cells in humans
Authors: Suen Tsz K , Moorlag Simone J C F M , Li Wenchao , de Bree L Charlotte J , Koeken Valerie A C M , Mourits Vera P , Dijkstra Helga , Lemmers Heidi , Bhat Jaydeep , Xu Cheng-Jian , Joosten Leo A B , Schultze Joachim L , Li Yang , Placek Katarzyna , Netea Mihai G 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine is well known for inducing trained immunity in myeloid and natural killer cells, which can explain its cross-protective effect against heterologous infections. Although displaying functional characteristics of both adaptive and innate immunity, γδ T-cell memory has been only addressed in a pathogen-specific context. In this study, we aimed to determine whether human γδ T cells can mount trained immunity and therefore contribute to the cross-protective effect of the Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine. We investigated in vivo induction of innate memory in γδ T cells by Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination in healthy human volunteers by combining single-cell RNA sequencing technology with immune functional assays. The total number of γδ T cells and membrane markers of activation was not influenced by Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination. In contrast, Bacillus Calmette–Guérin changed γδ T cells’ transcriptional programs and increased their responsiveness to heterologous bacterial and fungal stimuli, including lipopolysaccharide and Candida albicans, as simultaneously characterized by higher tumor necrosis factor and interferon γ production, weeks after vaccination. Human γδ T cells in adults display the potential to develop a trained immunity phenotype after Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination.
Models and methods for analysing clustered recurrent hospitalisations in the presence of COVID-19 effects
Authors: Ding Xuemei , He Kevin , Kalbfleisch John D 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecurrent events such as hospitalisations are outcomes that can be used to monitor dialysis facilities’ quality of care. However, current methods are not adequate to analyse data from many facilities with multiple hospitalisations, especially when adjustments are needed for multiple time scales. It is also controversial whether direct or indirect standardisation should be used in comparing facilities. This study is motivated by the need of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services to evaluate US dialysis facilities using Medicare claims, which involve almost 8,000 facilities and over 500,000 dialysis patients. This scope is challenging for current statistical software’s computational power. We propose a method that has a flexible baseline rate function and is computationally efficient. Additionally, the proposed method shares advantages of both indirect and direct standardisation. The method is evaluated under a range of simulation settings and demonstrates substantially improved computational efficiency over the existing R package survival. Finally, we illustrate the method with an important application to monitoring dialysis facilities in the U.S., while making time-dependent adjustments for the effects of COVID-19.
Element Depletion Due to Missing Boundary Fluorescence in Electron Probe Microanalysis: The Case of Ni in Olivine
Authors: Llovet Xavier , Gavrilenko Maxim , Batanova Valentina G , Sobolev Alexander V 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Secondary fluorescence (SF) is known to be a potential source of error in electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) when analyzing for a trace or minor element near a phase boundary. This often overlooked effect leads to a concentration enhancement whenever the neighboring phase contains a high concentration of the analyzed element. Here we show that SF may also lead to a concentration decrease, which can be mistakenly interpreted as a depletion. To examine this issue, we compare Ni profiles measured on well-characterized, homogeneous olivine [(Mg,Fe)2SiO4] grains embedded in basaltic glass, with semi-analytical calculations and numerical simulations of SF across phase boundaries. We find that the Ni content consistently decreases with decreasing distance to the interface or grain radius, deviating from the expected concentration by ∼2–5% at 10 μm from the interface. This decrease is explained by the lower bremsstrahlung fluorescence emitted from the sample as compared to that emitted from the standard. The analytical error due to boundary fluorescence affecting other elements of petrologic importance in olivine is discussed.
B/PS bulges and barlenses from a kinematic viewpoint – I
Authors: Zakharova Daria , Tikhonenko Iliya S , Sotnikova Natalia Ya , Smirnov Anton A 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
A significant part of barred disc galaxies exhibits boxy/peanut-shaped structures (B/PS bulges) at high inclinations. Another structure also associated with the bar is a barlens, often observed in galaxies in a position close to face-on. At this viewing angle, special kinematic tests are required to detect a 3D extension of the bars in the vertical direction (B/PS bulges). We use four pure N-body models of galaxies with B/PS bulges, which have different bar morphology from bars with barlenses to the so-called face-on peanut bars. We analyse the kinematics of our models to establish how the structural features of B/PS bulges manifest themselves in the kinematics for galaxies at intermediate inclinations and whether these features are related to the barlenses. We apply the dissection of the bar into different orbital groups to determine which of them are responsible for the features of the LOSVD (line-of-sight velocity distribution), i.e. for the deep minima of the h4 parameter along the major axis of the bar. As a result, we claim that for our models at the face-on position, the kinematic signatures of a ‘peanut’ indeed track the vertical density distribution features. We conclude that orbits responsible for such kinematic signatures differ from model to model. We pay special attention to the barlens model. We show that orbits assembled into barlens are not responsible for the kinematic signatures of B/PS bulges. The results presented in this work are applicable to the interpretation of IFU observations of real galaxies.
Revisiting a flux recovery systematic error arising from common deconvolution methods used in aperture-synthesis imaging
Authors: Radcliffe Jack F , Beswick R J , Thomson A P , Njeri A , Muxlow T W B 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The point-spread function (PSF) is a fundamental property of any astronomical instrument. In interferometers, differing array configurations combined with their uv coverage, and various weighting schemes can produce an irregular but deterministic PSF. As a result, the PSF is often deconvolved using CLEAN-style algorithms to improve image fidelity. In this paper, we revisit a significant effect that causes the flux densities measured with any interferometer to be systematically offset from the true values. Using a suite of carefully controlled simulations, we show that the systematic offset originates from a mismatch in the units of the image produced by these CLEAN-style algorithms. We illustrate that this systematic error can be significant, ranging from a few to tens of per cent. Accounting for this effect is important for current and future interferometric arrays, such as MeerKAT, LOFAR, and the SKA, whose core-dominated configuration naturally causes an irregular PSF. We show that this offset is independent of other systematics, and can worsen due to some factors such as the goodness of the fit to the PSF, the deconvolution depth, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the source. Finally, we present several methods that can reduce this effect to just a few per cent.
Types of Termination in Clinical Music Therapy Practice: A Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Abbott Elaine A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To support student learning about clinical music therapy termination processes, a qualitative research method was used to address three research questions: (a) What are the current termination practices of music therapists from multiple clinical settings? (b) What types of termination practices might they describe? and (c) What processes do they move through in their termination practices? Forty-six music therapists were interviewed about their experiences of clinical termination in music therapy. They described 134 termination scenarios that took place in 18 different types of clinical settings. Inductive thematic analysis of the scenarios identified several themes, one of which is addressed in this paper: termination types. Nine types of termination processes are described in the results. The types were described using the salient features of the termination scenarios. Identifying termination types in this way has the potential to provide students and clinicians with ways to think critically and creatively about what it means to effectively terminate a therapeutic relationship and about what effective termination can look like in different clinical settings.
Quantifying the arms race between LINE-1 and KRAB-zinc finger genes through TECookbook
Authors: Zuo Zheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To defend against the invasion of transposons, hundreds of KRAB-zinc finger genes (ZNFs) evolved to recognize and silence various repeat families specifically. However, most repeat elements reside in the human genome with high copy numbers, making the ChIP-seq reads of ZNFs targeting these repeats predominantly multi-mapping reads. This complicates downstream data analysis and signal quantification. To better visualize and quantify the arms race between transposons and ZNFs, the R package TECookbook has been developed to lift ChIP-seq data into reference repeat coordinates with proper normalization and extract all putative ZNF binding sites from defined loci of reference repeats for downstream analysis. In conjunction with specificity profiles derived from in vitro Spec-seq data, human ZNF10 has been found to bind to a conserved ORF2 locus of selected LINE-1 subfamilies. This provides insight into how LINE-1 evaded capture at least twice and was subsequently recaptured by ZNF10 during evolutionary history. Through similar analyses, ZNF382 and ZNF248 were shown to be broad-spectrum LINE-1 binders. Overall, this work establishes a general analysis workflow to decipher the arms race between ZNFs and transposons through nucleotide substitutions rather than structural variations, particularly in the protein-coding region of transposons.