bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community dynamics of microbial eukaryotes in intertidal mudflats in the hypertidal Bay of Fundy
Authors: Kalu Eke I , Reyes-Prieto Adrian , Barbeau Myriam A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Protists (microbial eukaryotes) are a critically important but understudied group of microorganisms. They are ubiquitous, represent most of the genetic and functional diversity among eukaryotes, and play essential roles in nutrient and energy cycling. Yet, protists remain a black box in marine sedimentary ecosystems like the intertidal mudflats in the Bay of Fundy. The harsh conditions of the intertidal zone and high energy nature of tides in the Bay of Fundy provide an ideal system for gaining insights into the major food web players, diversity patterns and potential structuring influences of protist communities. Our 18S rDNA metabarcoding study quantified seasonal variations and vertical stratification of protist communities in Bay of Fundy mudflat sediments. Three ‘SAR’ lineages were consistently dominant (in terms of abundance, richness, and prevalence), drove overall community dynamics and formed the core microbiome in sediments. They are Cercozoa (specifically thecate, benthic gliding forms), Bacillariophyta (mainly cosmopolitan, typically planktonic diatoms), and Dinophyceae (dominated by a toxigenic, bloom-forming species). Consumers were the dominant trophic functional group and were comprised mostly of eukaryvorous and bacterivorous Cercozoa, and omnivorous Ciliophora, while phototrophs were dominated by Bacillariophyta. The codominance of Apicomplexa (invertebrate parasites) and Syndiniales (protist parasites) in parasite assemblages, coupled with broader diversity patterns, highlighted the combined marine and terrestrial influences on microbial communities inhabiting intertidal sediments. Our findings, the most comprehensive in a hypertidal benthic system, suggest that synergistic interactions of both local and regional processes (notably benthic-pelagic coupling) may drive heterogenous microbial distribution in high-energy coastal systems.
Persistent COVID-19 symptoms in community-living older adults from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA)
Authors: Griffith Lauren E. , Beauchamp Marla , McMillan Jacqueline , Borhan Sayem , Oz Urun Erbas , Wolfson Christina , Kirkland Susan , Basta Nicole E. , Thompson Mary , Raina Parminder ,   on behalf of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) Team, Anderson Laura , Balion Cynthia , Costa Andrew , Asada Yukiko , Cossette Benoȋt , Levasseur Melanie , Hofer Scott , Paterson Theone , Hogan David , Liu-Ambrose Teresa , Menec Verena , St. John Philip , Mugford Gerald , Gao Zhiwei , Taler Vanessa , Davidson Patrick , Wister Andrew , Cosco Theodore 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Symptom persistence in non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients, also known as Long COVID or Post-acute Sequelae of COVID-19, is not well characterized or understood, and few studies have included non-COVID-19 control groups.

Methods
We used data from a cross-sectional COVID-19 questionnaire (September-December 2020) linked to baseline (2011–2015) and follow-up (2015–2018) data from a population-based cohort including 23,757 adults 50+ years to examine how age, sex, and pre-pandemic physical, psychological, social, and functional health were related to the severity and persistence of 23 COVID-19-related symptoms experienced between March 2020 and questionnaire completion.

Results
The most common symptoms are fatigue, dry cough, muscle/joint pain, sore throat, headache, and runny nose; reported by over 25% of participant who had (n = 121) or did not have (n = 23,636) COVID-19 during the study period. The cumulative incidence of moderate/severe symptoms in people with COVID-19 is more than double that reported by people without COVID-19, with the absolute difference ranging from 16.8% (runny nose) to 37.8% (fatigue). Approximately 60% of male and 73% of female participants with COVID-19 report at least one symptom persisting >1 month. Persistence >1 month is higher in females (aIRR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.73) and those with multimorbidity (aIRR = 1.90; 95% CI: 1.02, 3.49); persistence >3 months decreases by 15% with each unit increase in subjective social status after adjusting for age, sex and multimorbidity.

Conclusions
Many people living in the community who were not hospitalized for COVID-19 still experience symptoms 1- and 3-months post infection. These data suggest that additional supports, for example access to rehabilitative care, are needed to help some individuals fully recover.
Data-driven quantum approximate optimization algorithm for power systems
Authors: Jing Hang , Wang Ye , Li Yan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQuantum technology provides a ground-breaking methodology to tackle challenging computational issues in power systems. It is especially promising for Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) dominant systems that have been widely developed to promote energy sustainability. In those systems, knowing the maximum sections of power and data delivery is essential for monitoring, operation, and control. However, high computational effort is required. By leveraging quantum resources, Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) provides a means to search for these sections efficiently. However, QAOA performance relies heavily on critical parameters, especially for weighted graphs. Here we present a data-driven QAOA, which transfers quasi-optimal parameters between weighted graphs based on the normalized graph density. We verify the strategy with 39,774 expectation value calculations. Without parameter optimization, our data-driven QAOA is comparable with the Goemans-Williamson algorithm. This work advances QAOA and pilots its practical application to power systems in noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices.
Minimally Invasive Management of Hemorrhagic Pheochromocytoma—A Rare Case Report
Authors: Bhandarwar Ajay H. , Tandur Amarjeet E. , Rachapalli Keerthika Reddy , Wagh Amol , Shah Abhijit , Dhimole Nikhil 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPheochromocytoma is a rare catecholamine-secreting tumor derived from chromaffin cells. The diagnosis is usually suggested by its classic history, presence of a strong family history, or discovery of an incidental mass on imaging in an asymptomatic patient. Hemorrhage into an occult pheochromocytoma is a rare complication with ∼1 to 2 per 100,000 individuals diagnosed annually. We report a case of a 29-year-old woman, who presented with abdominal pain (with no other significant history) due to a right hemorrhagic pheochromocytoma. Computed tomographic imaging and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the source of retroperitoneal hemorrhage as the right adrenal mass. They lacked the typical features of a pheochromocytoma which was eventually proven by the biochemical tests. The patient underwent preoperative stabilization with α and β adrenergic receptor blockers for 7 days following which laparoscopic adrenalectomy was performed successfully with an uneventful postoperative period. This is the eighth reported case in literature managed laparoscopically. Histopathology confirmed it as pheochromocytoma. The treacherous and deceptive nature of pheochromocytomas and its hemorrhage make it crucial to detect and treat it promptly; otherwise, it will almost certainly be fatal from cardiovascular complications or metastasis.
Toward Allyship and Mentorship: Recognition, Relatability, and Respect
Authors: Mahmoud Najjia N. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAllyship and mentorship are two critical aspects needed not only to promote the growth of success of people around us, but also to advocate for those that are not as fortunate and are often excluded or marginalized. Understanding the distinctions and commonalities between the two, as well as the required interdependence, will go a long way toward ensuring that an impact toward positive change is made in the future.
Invasive Giant B-Cell Lymphoma Mimicking Fulminant Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Irqsusi Marc , Gerlach Susanne von , Rastan Ardawan Julian , Ghazy Tamer 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Cardiac non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is rare and has a poor prognosis. Here we report a rare case mimicking pulmonary embolism.
Case Description A 38-year-old woman suffered from severe dyspnea after cesarean section. With the clinical picture of fulminant central pulmonary embolism, lysis therapy was initiated. Further deterioration necessitated extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support and cardiosurgical intervention. Intraoperatively, a massive intravascular tumor obstructed the pulmonary bifurcation and was found to be B-cell lymphoma. Aggressive excision and pulmonary tree reconstruction improved the critical condition and initiated convalescence.
Conclusion High suspicion in central pulmonary embolism and early cardiosurgical therapy after ineffective lysis are essential.
Potential chemical risks from tattoos and their relevance to military health policy in the United States
Authors: Blando James D. , Guigni Blas A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe summarize and consolidate disparate sources of information about the practice of tattooing and its potential implications for military population health and policy. Each branch of the United States military has policies about tattoos for service members, but these have varied over time and do not cover health protection. The number of veterans receiving disability payments and the cost of those payments has been rising over time; the broad category of skin conditions accounts for 11% of disability claims. Any additional factor, such as tattoos that may increase the occurrence of adverse skin reactions, can substantially impact veteran benefit expenses and budgets. This may be a consideration for the military as it evaluates its policies related to tattoos among service members.
Inheritance-induced familial disputes in north-west Ethiopia: the role of legal-policy gaps and aggravating socio-economic dynamics
Authors: Tedla Wondale Temesgen , Mekonen Kasahun Desyalew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhile Ethiopia has had family and inheritance laws since the 1960s, inheritance disputes among family members have exacerbated and the intended goals of protecting the security of property rights among marginalized family members have not been attained. Here, we explore the impact of legal-policy gaps and socio-economic dynamics in family inheritance disputes from the perspectives of litigants and lawyers. A mixed research approach was employed to investigate the distribution of conflicts across kinship ties and property types as well as to explore the experiences and feelings from both disputing parties and legal professionals involved in the conflict. Furthermore, data from closed court cases were scrutinized in order to identify disputants as well as substantiate the primary data. Our findings reveal that extended time to claim inheritance rights, absence time limit for establishing child status, unrestricted cancellation of wills and provisions for multiple wills on a single property, incompatibility between customary and statutory law, and limited opportunity for land acquisition, are all legal and policy gaps that overwhelmingly contribute to inheritance-induced familial disputes. The improvement in the legal consciousness of formerly marginalized groups and the growing corruption in the justice system as well as the weakening of family emotional ties have further aggravated such disputes. In light of these findings, we stress the value of thorough revision of conflict-provoking legal-policy gaps in family law (including the privatization of farmland meant to broaden land acquisition opportunities) and therapy for families whose relationships have broken down.
Appraising the lifetime private economic returns of postgraduate degrees: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Bashir Adnan , Siddique Zahid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn Pakistan, public sector investment has significantly increased in higher education over the last two decades. This study, therefore, aims to estimate the private economic returns of Ph.D. faculty members over their non-PhD counterparts in Pakistani universities. We use questionnaire-based survey data of 784 respondents comprising Ph.D. and non-Ph.D. faculty members. In the first step, earning function is estimated for the entire group. In the next step, the lifetime private economic returns are calculated with the help of the simulation process, which yields the net present values (NPV) of the lifetime earnings for the two subgroups. Our findings show that the lifetime private economic returns of a Ph.D. degree are higher than a non-Ph.D. degree. In the case of a domestic Ph.D. degree, the average lifetime economic returns of the Ph.D. are 46.5% higher than those of non-Ph.D. faculty members. In contrast, foreign-country Ph.D. degree holders earn 29.8% extra than non-Ph.D. faculty members. Therefore, the net lifetime returns of foreign Ph.D. holders are 16.7% points less than the domestic degree holders because the cost of doing a Ph.D. degree from a foreign university is higher. Our sensitivity analysis reveals that changing the retirement age from 60 to 55 and 65 does not affect these results. However, the difference between the net returns decreases if the retirement age is 55 and increases in the case of 65. Similarly, increasing the completion time of a Ph.D. also affects the net lifetime private economic return negatively.
Novels of Vaddey Ratner and Viet Thanh Nguyen—unpacking trauma language, facing ghosts, and killing shadows
Authors: Thi Hue Hoang , Klinbubpa-Neff Tuangtip , Phuong Thao Do 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on why exiled writers turn to literature to untangle their complicated pasts and reconstruct their identities. Ratner and Nguyen’s memories and reconstruction of Cambodia and Vietnam are fragmented, secondary, and indeterminately accurate. Growing up with transnational identities and relearning about their motherlands in the US altered their perceptions of SEA. Both writers turned to literature to untangle their complicated pasts and reconstruct their identities. During these journeys, ghosts, enemies, and guilt surfaced and stalked them until confronted and resolved. Nevertheless, their reconciliation plunged them deeper into crisis as it became clear that their memories were in fact nostalgia. Ratner and Nguyen are among the ultraminor world writers who witnessed chaos, yet still successfully articulated their failures and displacement in literature. The results of this research affirm that their works can help us understand Southeast Asian political and cultural dynamics then and now.
Green finance, renewable energy development, and climate change: evidence from regions of China
Authors: Sun Yunpeng , Bao Qun , Taghizadeh-Hesary Farhad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, using data from 2010 to 2021, and by utilizing the stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology (STIRPAT) theory, and system generalized method of moments, the effect of green financing and deployment of renewable energy on carbon dioxide emissions in China and its provinces were analyzed. The results show that green financing reduces environmental pollution at the country level. Moreover, with a 1% increase in renewable energy consumption, carbon dioxide emission can be expected to decrease by 0.103%. It also demonstrates that green financing has a statistically significant coefficient only in provinces located in the eastern and western regions. Chinese policymakers should incentive policies for provinces in the eastern region of China in order to have a cleaner environment. The central region should be under supportive and pressure policies to move faster along the path to sustainable development.
Trends in testing of sexually transmissible infections (STIs), sexual health knowledge and behaviours, and pornography use in cross-sectional samples of young people in Victoria, Australia, 2015–21
Authors: Eddy Sarah , Douglass Caitlin , Raggatt Michelle , Thomas Alexander , Lim Megan 
Published: March 2023

Background Sexually transmissible infections (STI) are prevalent and increasing among young Australians. This study examined trends in STI testing, sexual health knowledge/behaviours, and pornography use in young people aged 15–29 years in Victoria, Australia between 2015 and 2021. Methods Seven online cross-sectional surveys were conducted in a convenience sample of young people, recruiting a total of 7014 participants (67% female). Logistic regression analyses determined trends over time in binary outcomes. Results There was a decrease in reports of lifetime vaginal sex over time, while lifetime anal sex remained stable. Among those who had ever had vaginal sex, results showed an increase in the use of long-acting reversible contraceptives on the last occasion of vaginal sex. There was no change in STI testing or condom use with all partner types. Knowledge of STIs and sexual health changed over time: the proportion knowing that chlamydia can make women infertile decreased over time, while knowledge that taking the pill does not reduce fertility increased. There was no change in pornography use after adjusting for demographic variables. Conclusions Although uptake of long-acting contraceptives increased, STI knowledge and testing, as well as consistent condom use, remained low. Public health interventions should continue to address these critical components of STI prevention.
Time of Day Effects in the Relationships Between Daytime Sleepiness, Current Arousal, and Cognitive Performance
Authors: Do Cardinal , Suhr Julie A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
Daytime sleepiness is commonly reported among older adults. Additionally, aging is associated with a shift toward greater alertness in the morning that wanes throughout the day. The impact of time of day of testing on the relationships between daytime sleepiness and cognition is unknown.

Methods
We explored the effects of time of testing in relation to self-reported daytime sleepiness/current arousal and cognition among 133 older adults.

Results
Time of testing moderated the relationship between daytime sleepiness and immediate learning/memory, with greater sleepiness being associated with poorer performance in the afternoon, but not morning. Time of testing also moderated the relationship between current arousal and processing speed, with lower arousal being associated with worse performance in the afternoon.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that time of testing is important to account for when assessing sleepiness and cognition in older adults and that consideration should be given to how sleepiness is measured.
Varying benefits of generalist and specialist camouflage in two versus four background environments
Authors: Hughes Anna E , Briolat Emmanuelle S , Arenas Lina María , Liggins Eric , Stevens Martin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background-matching camouflage is a well-established strategy to reduce detection, but implementing this on heterogeneous backgrounds is challenging. For prey with fixed color patterns, solutions include specializing on a particular visual microhabitat, or adopting a compromise or generalist appearance, matching multiple backgrounds less well. Existing studies suggest both approaches can succeed, but most consider relatively simple scenarios, where artificial prey appear against two backgrounds differing in a single visual characteristic. Here, we used computer-based search tasks with human participants to test the relative benefits of specializing and generalizing for complex targets, displayed on either two or four types of naturalistic backgrounds. Across two background types, specialization was beneficial on average. However, the success of this strategy varied with search duration, such that generalist targets could outperform specialists over short search durations due to the presence of poorly matched specialists. Over longer searches, the remaining well-matched specialists had greater success than generalists, leading to an overall benefit of specialization at longer search durations. Against four different backgrounds, the initial cost to specialization was greater, so specialists and generalists ultimately experienced similar survival. Generalists performed better when their patterning was a compromise between backgrounds that were more similar to each other than when backgrounds were more different, with similarity in luminance more relevant than pattern differences. Time dependence in the relative success of these strategies suggests that predator search behavior may affect optimal camouflage in real-world situations.
Social network differences and phenotypic divergence between stickleback ecotypes
Authors: Neumann Kevin M , Bell Alison M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Elucidating the mechanisms underlying differentiation between populations is essential to our understanding of ecological and evolutionary processes. While social network analysis has yielded numerous insights in behavioral ecology in recent years, it has rarely been applied to questions about population differentiation. Here, we use social network analysis to assess the potential role of social behavior in the recent divergence between two three-spined stickleback ecotypes, “whites” and “commons”. These ecotypes differ significantly in their social behavior and mating systems as adults, but it is unknown when or how differences in social behavior develop. We found that as juveniles, the white ecotype was bolder and more active than the common ecotype. Furthermore, while there was no evidence for assortative shoaling preferences, the two ecotypes differed in social network structure. Specifically, groups of the white ecotype had a lower clustering coefficient than groups of the common ecotype, suggesting that groups of the white ecotype were characterized by the formation of smaller subgroups, or “cliques”. Interestingly, ecotypic differences in the clustering coefficient were not apparent in mixed groups composed of whites and commons. The formation of cliques could contribute to population divergence by restricting the social environment that individuals experience, potentially influencing future mating opportunities and preferences. These findings highlight the insights that social network analysis can offer into our understanding of population divergence and reproductive isolation.