bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial Inequality in the Prevalence, Degree, Extension, and Permeation of Incarceration in Family Life
Authors: Yi Youngmin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The prevalence, consequences, and unequal distribution of parental and own incarceration in the United States are well documented. However, much of our knowledge of the reach of the carceral state into family life is focused on incarceration of a parent, romantic partner, or child, to the exclusion of other important relationships. Using data from the Family History of Incarceration Study, a nationally representative survey of U.S. adults (N = 2,029), this study introduces novel descriptive measures that provide a more comprehensive picture of the demography and racially unequal distribution of family incarceration: degree, generational extension, and permeation. This analysis shows that Black adults in the United States are not only more likely to have experienced family incarceration but are also more likely to have had more family members incarcerated (5.3 members vs. ≤2.8 members for adults of other racial/ethnic groups) and to have had family members from more generations ever incarcerated (1.7 generations vs. ≤1.1 generations for those of other groups). Further, the stability of these estimates across model specifications underscores the importance of interrogating long-standing approaches to the analysis of linkages between race, the criminal legal system, and family life and the investigation of racialized systems and social inequality more broadly.
Single cell evaluation of endocardial Hand2 gene regulatory networks reveals HAND2-dependent pathways that impact cardiac morphogenesis
Authors: George Rajani M. , Firulli Beth A. , Podicheti Ram , Rusch Douglas B. , Mannion Brandon J. , Pennacchio Len A. , Osterwalder Marco , Firulli Anthony B. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The transcription factor HAND2 plays essential roles during cardiogenesis. Hand2 endocardial deletion (H2CKO) results in tricuspid atresia or double inlet left ventricle with accompanying intraventricular septum defects, hypo-trabeculated ventricles and an increased density of coronary lumens. To understand the regulatory mechanisms of these phenotypes, single cell transcriptome analysis of mouse E11.5 H2CKO hearts was performed revealing a number of disrupted endocardial regulatory pathways. Using HAND2 DNA occupancy data, we identify several HAND2-dependent enhancers, including two endothelial enhancers for the shear-stress master regulator KLF2. A 1.8 kb enhancer located 50 kb upstream of the Klf2 TSS imparts specific endothelial/endocardial expression within the vasculature and endocardium. This enhancer is HAND2-dependent for ventricular endocardium expression but HAND2-independent for Klf2 vascular and valve expression. Deletion of this Klf2 enhancer results in reduced Klf2 expression within ventricular endocardium. These data reveal that HAND2 functions within endocardial gene regulatory networks including shear-stress response.
An optimized Tet-On system for conditional control of gene expression in sea urchins
Authors: Khor Jian Ming , Ettensohn Charles A. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Sea urchins and other echinoderms are important experimental models for studying developmental processes. The lack of approaches for conditional gene perturbation, however, has made it challenging to investigate the late developmental functions of genes that have essential roles during early embryogenesis and genes that have diverse functions in multiple tissues. The doxycycline-controlled Tet-On system is a widely used molecular tool for temporally and spatially regulated transgene expression. Here, we optimized the Tet-On system to conditionally induce gene expression in sea urchin embryos. Using this approach, we explored the roles the MAPK signaling plays in skeletogenesis by expressing genes that perturb the pathway specifically in primary mesenchyme cells during later stages of development. We demonstrated the wide utility of the Tet-On system by applying it to a second sea urchin species and in cell types other than the primary mesenchyme cells. Our work provides a robust and flexible platform for the spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression in sea urchins, which will considerably enhance the utility of this prominent model system.
SART3 associates with a post-splicing complex
Authors: Klimešová Klára , Petržílková Hana , Bařinka Cyril , Staněk David 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
SART3 is a multifunctional protein that acts in several steps of gene expression, including assembly and recycling of the spliceosomal U4/U6 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle (snRNP). In this work, we provide evidence that SART3 associates via its N-terminal HAT domain with the 12S U2 snRNP. Further analysis showed that SART3 associates with the post-splicing complex containing U2 and U5 snRNP components. In addition, we observed an interaction between SART3 and the RNA helicase DHX15, which disassembles post-splicing complexes. Based on our data, we propose a model that SART3 associates via its N-terminal HAT domain with the post-splicing complex, where it interacts with U6 snRNA to protect it and to initiate U6 snRNA recycling before a next round of splicing.
Temperature-dependent metabolic consequences of food deprivation in the European sardine
Authors: Thoral Elisa , Roussel Damien , Gasset Eric , Dutto Gilbert , Queiros Quentin , McKenzie David J. , Bourdeix Jean-Hervé , Metral Luisa , Saraux Claire , Teulier Loïc 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Aquatic ecosystems can exhibit seasonal variation in resource availability and animals have evolved to cope with the associated caloric restriction. During winter in the NW Mediterranean Sea, the European sardine Sardina pilchardus naturally experiences caloric restriction owing to a decrease in the diversity and quantity of plankton. However, ongoing global warming has had deleterious effects on plankton communities such that food shortages may occur throughout the year, especially under warm conditions in the summer. We investigated the interactive effects of temperature and food availability on sardine metabolism by continuously monitoring whole-animal respiration of groups of control (fed) and food-deprived sardines over a 60-day experiment in winter (12°C) or summer (20°C) conditions under natural photoperiod. In addition, we measured mitochondrial respiration of red muscle fibres, biometric variables and energy reserves of individuals sampled at 30 and 60 days. This revealed that winter food deprivation elicits energy saving mechanisms at whole animal and cellular levels by maintaining a low metabolism to preserve energy reserves, allowing high levels of survival. By contrast, despite energy saving mechanisms at the mitochondrial level, whole animal metabolic rate was high during food deprivation in summer, causing increased consumption of energy reserves at the muscular level and high mortality after 60 days. Furthermore, a 5-day re-feeding did not improve survival, and mortalities continued, suggesting that long-term food deprivation at high temperatures causes profound stress in sardines that potentially impairs nutrient absorption.
Stress tolerance is influenced by artificial light at night during development and life-history strategy
Authors: Bonfoey Alyssa M. , Chen Jessica , Stahlschmidt Zachary R. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTArtificial light at night (ALAN) is increasingly prevalent worldwide, but life-history strategy may mitigate the costs of ALAN for animals. Yet, interactions among ALAN, life-history strategy and tolerance to climate-related stressors are unknown. We determined if developmental ALAN exposure (1) affects development, (2) affects adult phenotype, including heat and desiccation tolerance, and (3) affects and/or interacts with life-history strategy. We used the variable field cricket (Gryllus lineaticeps) because its geographic range is increasingly exposed to ALAN, heat, and drought conditions, and it exhibits different life-history strategies (flight-capability versus flight-incapability). ALAN affected adult phenotype, with positive effects on body mass (and size) and female reproductive investment, and a negative effect on heat tolerance. Life-history strategy also affected stress tolerance; flight-incapable females had greater heat tolerance and their desiccation tolerance was improved by ALAN exposure. Key features of environmental change (i.e. exposure to ALAN, heat and drought) may favor some life-history strategies over others.
The future of Arabic language learning for non-Muslims as an actualization of Wasathiyah Islam in Indonesia
Authors: Ritonga Mahyudin , Wahyuni Sri , Novigator Hendri 
Published: January 2023

Background: The majority of Indonesians believe and act as if the only people who can learn and be taught Arabic are Muslims. This fact goes against the basic idea that language is a way to communicate. So, the goal of this study is to find out what opportunities and plans there are for non-Muslims in Indonesia to learn Arabic. The goal of this study is to get language back to its basic function of being a way to communicate. It can also be the basis for putting Wasathiyah Islam into practise in Indonesia. Methods: This study was carried out in accordance with the official guidelines for research ethics established by the Ministry of Higher Education Research in the Republic of Indonesia. Between June 11 and August 30, 2022, the research was done. The research was carried out with two approaches, namely quantitative first and followed by qualitative. After collecting and analysing data for a study, researchers submit their findings to reviewers appointed by Indonesia's Ministry of Research and Technology. Results: A total of 64 participants were surveyed, and based on their responses, the following was determined; Researchers conduct interviews directly with informants who are considered to have the ability to provide information related to research themes. Therefore, researchers conducted interviews with 24. First, non-Muslims in Indonesia should study Arabic since language is a communication instrument. This includes religion, ethnicity, and race not limiting language acquisition. Second, teaching non-Muslims Arabic in Indonesia will help to implement Wasathiyah Islam there. Non-Indonesian Muslims who know Arabic will be more tolerant. Third, because Arabic is a communication tool, there is no big challenge for non-Muslims to learn Arabic. Conclusion: However, in terms of obstacles, of course, there are many big obstacles, namely the unsupportive Arabic learning.
Interactions between special education teachers and children with chronic complex conditions: A qualitative study
Authors: Fujino Haruo , Matsumoto Megumi , Mieno Aya 
Published: January 2023

Background: The number of children with complex medical conditions has increased in recent decades. In this context, a complex chronic condition is characterized by multiple morbidities that require intensive or continuous health care according to the level of severity. Given their various health conditions, it is challenging to provide special education to these children, but there is still insufficient evidence regarding the practical experiences of educators. The aim of this study was to investigate special education teacher’s perceptions, experiences, and challenges while developing interpersonal relationships and communicating with children who have complex chronic conditions. Methods: We recruited and interviewed 21 special education school teachers. The transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Our analysis revealed four themes, including “searching for the meaning,” “complex chronic conditions as a difficult reality,” “widening experience for the future,” and “priority for interacting with children.” These themes reflect the perceptions, experiences, and challenges of the special education teachers. Conclusions: In cases where children have severe functional limitations, it is more challenging to understand child-teacher interactions. This highlights the importance of searching for meaning in educational practices used among children with complex chronic conditions. Our findings may provide helpful insight into the experiences and challenges faced by special educators who engage with these children.
“Collaborating” with AI: Taking a System View to Explore the Future of Work
Authors: Anthony Callen , Bechky Beth A. , Fayard Anne-Laure 
Published: January 2023

In the wake of media hype about artificial intelligence (AI)/human collaboration, organizations are investing considerable resources into developing and using AI. In this paper, we draw on theories of technology in organizations to frame new directions for the study of what it means to work “with” AI. Drawing on prior literature, we consider how interactions between users and AI might unfold through theoretical lenses which cast technology as a tool and as a medium. Reflecting on how AI technologies diverge from technologies studied in the past, we propose a new perspective, which considers technology as a counterpart in a system of work that includes its design, implementation, and use. This perspective encourages developing a grounded understanding of how AI intersects with work, and therefore ethnography, building on thick descriptions, is an apt approach. We argue that relational ethnographic approaches can assist organization theorists in navigating the methodological challenges of taking a counterpart perspective and propose several strategies for future research. Funding: The research was partially funded from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement no. 951735.
Development of semi-artificial feed in the larva stage of the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)
Authors: ANASYA AURORA DYAS , SUGIYARTO SUGIYARTO , MAHAJOENO EDWI 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Anasya AD, Sugiarto, Mahajoeno E. 2022. Development of semi-artificial feed in the larva stage of the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Nusantara Bioscience 14: 188-194. Alternative food sources in fish farming besides pelleted feed are generally used, but many have also used biotic materials, larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.). Maggot stadia larvae have a high protein content of more than 19%, could be mass-produced, are low-priced, and has a fast growth time. Therefore, high levels of protein and nutrients in maggots can be increased through suitable semi-artificial formulations. The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional value of the semi-artificial feed recipe given and to determine the effectiveness of the semi-artificial feed recipe in increasing the nutritional value and survival of larvae. Data analysis used qualitative analysis with descriptive analysis method and quantitative analysis by determining the amount of increased nutritional value of H. illucens. The research method was carried out in several stages, including (i) insect rearing obtained 2nd generation of tillers (F2); (ii) manufacture of semi-artificial feed recipes; (iii) calculation of insect survival; (iv) measurement of larval mass weight after treatment; (v) testing of nutritional content value includes water content, fat content and protein content of H. illucens after treatment. Results of the evaluation larval survival after treatment were effective enough 100%, larval instar life phase was between 28-32 days, while the highest increase in the nutritional value of larvae water content was 45.90%, fat content 7.25%, and protein content 45.95%, the average increase in mass weight of larvae was 12.50%.
β-patchoulene alleviates cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of sepsis associated encephalopathy by inhibition of microglia activation through Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Tian Ye , Wang Lin , Fan Xiaojing , Zhang Hui , Dong Zhiwei , Tao Tianzhu 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundSepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common but poorly understood complication during sepsis. Currently, there are no preventive or therapeutic agents available for this neurological disorder. The present study was designed to determine the potential protective effects of β-patchoulene (β-PAE) in a mouse model of SAE and explore the putative mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects.Materials and methodsSAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice by cecal ligation and puncture(CLP). Mice were administrated with β-PAE or saline by intra-cerebral ventricle(i.c.v) injection immediately after CLP surgery. The inhibitory avoidance tests and open field tests were performed at 24h, 48h and 7days after procedures. Cytokines expression, oxidative parameters, microglia polarization and apoptosis in the brain tissue were assessed. Sirt1, Nrf2, HO-1and cleaved-caspase3 expression in hippocampus was determined by western-blotting. Further, serum cytokines expression and spleen lymphocytes apoptosis were evaluated, and survival study was performed.ResultsSeptic mice suffered severe cognitive decline following CLP as evidenced by decreased memory latency time and lower frequency of line crossing in the behavioral tests. A high dose of β-PAE(1mg/kg) improved the cognitive impairment in SAE mice, which was accompanied by reduced cytokines expression and oxidative stress. Immunofluorescence assay showed that β-PAE inhibited the expression of Iba-1 and iNOS in microglia. The mechanistic study indicated that β-PAE could promote the nuclear expression of Sirt1/Nrf2 and enhance cytoplasmic HO-1 expression. Furthermore,i.c.vadministration of β-PAE decreased the expression of serum cytokines and apoptosis in the spleen, thus leading to an improved 7-day survival of septic mice. Finally, blockade of Nrf2 activation with ML385 largely mitigated the protective effects of β-PAE on the cognitive function, neuroinflammation and survival in SAE mice.ConclusionIn this study, we found that β-PAE significantly altered sepsis induced neuroinflammation and microglia activation, thus reversed the cognitive decline and improved the peripheral immune function. The neuroprotective effects were possibly mediated by the activation of Sirt1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. β-PAE might serve as a promising therapeutic agent for SAE prevention and treatment.
Romarcord: Flânerie, spectacle et mémoire dans la Rome de Federico Fellini, Marina Vargau (2021)
Authors: Lanzoni Rémi 
Published: January 2023

Review of: Romarcord: Flânerie, spectacle et mémoire dans la Rome de Federico Fellini, Marina Vargau (2021)
Toronto: Guernica World Editions, 500 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-77183-689-0, p/bk, CAD$39.95, US$34.95, £19.95
Increased Proportion of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Undergoing Surgery in the Netherlands
Authors: Heuthorst Lianne , Harbech Houda , Snijder Harmanna J. , Mookhoek Aart , D'Haens Geert R. , Vermeire Séverine , D'Hoore André , Bemelman Willem A. , Buskens Christianne J. 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:
The aim of the current study was to assess whether there is an indication shift for surgery in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) from refractory disease to malignant degeneration over the past 3 decades.

METHODS:
All patients with histologically confirmed UC who underwent a colorectal resection between 1991 and 2020 were extracted from the nationwide Dutch Pathology Registry. The primary outcome was the proportion of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the colon specimens. Outcomes were compared between 3 periods (P1: 1991–2000, P2: 2001–2010, and P3: 2011–2020).

RESULTS:
Overall, 6,094 patients with UC were included of which 4,854 underwent a (procto)colectomy and 1,240 a segmental resection. In 1,031 (16.9%) patients, CRC was demonstrated in the pathological resection specimen after a median disease duration of 11 years (IQR 3.0–19.0). The proportion of CRC increased from 11.3% in P1, to 16.1% in P2, and 22.8% in P3 (P < 0.001). Median disease duration at the time of resection increased from 4 years in P1, to 10 years in P2, and 17 years in P3 (P < 0.001). The proportion of patients diagnosed with advanced malignancy (pT3/T4) (P1: 61.2% vs P2: 65.2% vs P3: 62.4%, respectively, P = 0.633) and lymph node metastasis (N+) (P1: 33.0% vs P2: 41.9% vs P3: 38.2%, respectively, P = 0.113) did not change over time.

DISCUSSION:
This nationwide pathology study demonstrated an increased proportion of surgery for CRC over the past 3 decades. We hypothesize that the expanding therapeutic armamentarium for UC leads to exhausting medical options and hence postponed colectomy. This, however, might be at the expense of an increased risk of CRC in the long term.
@MondayNightIBD and the Expanding Gastroenterology Twitterverse: A Study on Continuing Medical Education on #GITwitter
Authors: Goldowsky Alexander , Billings Wade , Kickel Allison , Charabaty Aline 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:
@MondayNightIBD provides weekly continuing medical education (CME) activities focused on inflammatory bowel diseases to clinicians on Twitter. Given its novelty, we assessed whether @MondayNightIBD improves learner knowledge and leads to practice change. We also examined whether inflammatory bowel disease topics addressed in @MondayNightIBD are aligned with entrustable professional activities (EPA) set forth by national gastroenterology societies.

METHODS:
@MondayNightIBD CME sessions from February 2020 (date the handle was accredited to provide CME) to May 2021 were analyzed. Preactivity and postactivity knowledge was assessed for average score improvement using the Student t test and Cohen d effect size. Postactivity surveys examined for learners' perceptions of whether activities met educational goals and affected willingness to change clinical practice using descriptive percentages. In addition, activities from April 2019 (date of @MondayNightIBD inception) to May 2021 were assessed for whether they address EPA set forth by national gastroenterology societies.

RESULTS:
Learners' knowledge improved after @MondayNightIBD activities with average preactivity correct answers of 58% to a postactivity average of 79% (P < 0.001). Greater than 95% of learners found that activities met learning objectives and enhanced knowledge. A total of 92% of learners were committed to practice change because of their @MondayNightIBD participation. Finally, 78% of EPA set forth by a national gastroenterology society have been covered by @MondayNightIBD since its inception.

DISCUSSION:
@MondayNightIBD is a Twitter-based CME activities platform for gastroenterologists and other clinicians that is embraced by learners, improves knowledge, and encourages practice change. Topics covered during @MondayNightIBD are aligned with EPA set forth by national gastroenterology societies. @MondayNightIBD is a successful model of social media medical education and a novel approach to effectively provide evidence-based CME.
The application of Mīmāṁsā interpretive concepts in commentaries on plays
Authors: Ollett Andrew 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article examines a Sanskrit commentary on Śaktibhadra’s Crown Jewel of Amazement (Āścaryacūḍāmaṇiḥ) that systematically uses concepts from Mīmāṁsā to explain the “overall meaning” (tātparyam or paryavasānam) of specific passages. The anonymous author of this commentary, from early modern Kerala, describes himself as a follower of Kumārila and quotes him several times. After reviewing the model that the commentator borrows from Mīmāṁsā, where the final meaning is derived by the application of interpretive principles to the literal meaning against a discursive context, this article focuses on “additive” strategies (adhyāhāraḥ and anuṣaṅgaḥ) and “subtractive” strategies (the grahaikatvanyāyaḥ).