bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Candidate genes controlling alkaline-saline tolerance in two different growing stages of wheat life cycle
Authors: Mourad Amira M. I. , Farghly Khaled A. , Börner Andreas , Moursi Yasser S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Alkaline-saline (AS) stress threats crop development and productivity. Understanding the genetic control of AS tolerance in wheat is important to produce wheat cultivars that outstand such a severe stress condition.

Methods
A set of 48 cultivars were tested under controlled and AS stress conditions at seedling and maturity stages. The effect of AS on seedlings and kernel traits was measured to select tolerant and high-yielding genotypes. Single-marker-analysis (SMA) and gene enrichment were conducted to understand the genetic control of AS tolerance in both growth stages.

Results
AS stress decreased all kernel traits and most of the seedling traits. High correlations were found between the studied traits in each growth stage. The correlation between the traits related to both stages was non-significant. SMA identified a total of 292 and 52 markers significantly associated with the studied traits under controlled and AS stress conditions. Seven and 20 gene models were identified to control AS tolerance in each stage. Gene enrichment analysis identified one and six networks that control AS tolerance. Four genotypes were selected as superior genotypes.

Conclusion
The genetic control of the studied traits differs under control and AS conditions. Two genetic systems control AS tolerance in each growth stage. This study is the first one that unlocked the genetic control of AS tolerance in seedling and mature growth stages and identified the biological process that lead to this tolerance. Four genotypes were selected for crossing in future breeding programs to improve AS tolerance in spring wheat.
Efficient continuous kNN join over dynamic high-dimensional data
Authors: Ukey Nimish , Zhang Guangjian , Yang Zhengyi , Li Binghao , Li Wei , Zhang Wenjie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGiven a user dataset$$\varvec{U}$$Uand an object dataset$$\varvec{I}$$I, a kNN join query in high-dimensional space returns the$$\varvec{k}$$knearest neighbors of each object in dataset$$\varvec{U}$$Ufrom the object dataset$$\varvec{I}$$I. The kNN join is a basic and necessary operation in many applications, such as databases, data mining, computer vision, multi-media, machine learning, recommendation systems, and many more. In the real world, datasets frequently update dynamically as objects are added or removed. In this paper, we propose novel methods of continuous kNN join over dynamic high-dimensional data. We firstly propose the HDR$$^+$$+Tree, which supports more efficient insertion, deletion, and batch update. Further observed that the existing methods rely on globally correlated datasets for effective dimensionality reduction, we then propose the HDR Forest. It clusters the dataset and constructs multiple HDR Trees to capture local correlations among the data. As a result, our HDR Forest is able to process non-globally correlated datasets efficiently. Two novel optimisations are applied to the proposed HDR Forest, including the precomputation of the PCA states of data items and pruning-based kNN recomputation during item deletion. For the completeness of the work, we also present the proof of computing distances in reduced dimensions of PCA in HDR Tree. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets show that the proposed methods and optimisations outperform the baseline algorithms of naive RkNN join and HDR Tree.
Novel Synthesis of SiC-SiO2 Nanotubes from Cinachyrella sp. and Its Improvement of the Corrosion Resistance of Low Carbon Steel in 3.5% NaCl Water Solution
Authors: Barghout Nehal , Kashyout Abd El-Hady B. , Ibrahim Magdy A. M. , El Nemr Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCoat synthesis of silicon carbide and composites of Si derivatives is a challenge for high-quality thin film applications, including corrosion resistance industries. A novel fabrication process of silicon carbide-silicon dioxide nanotube composites (SCDNTs) was developed by a solid reaction of silicon-carbon (marine sponge Cinachyrella sp.) resources. Trimetallic catalyst (Fe/Ni/Zr) supported on different Al2O3 media with heating in an argon flow was used to prepare SCDNTs composite. A higher crystallinity degree of the nanocomposites is attained at a heating temperature of 1200 °C as a suitable starting temperature to have a reasonable degree of crystallinity. XRD analysis of the prepared composite showed the presence of polycrystalline silicon dioxide and two phases of silicon carbide; 3C-SiC and 6H-SiC. TEM analysis showed the presence of silicon carbide's cubic and hexagonal structures embedded into silicon dioxide nanotubes. FTIR analysis confirmed the XRD and TEM analyses through the presence of the functional groups related to Si-Si, Si-O and Si-C. The SCDNTs spin coating process on LWS was optimized at 1000 rpm. Varying thin coatings of up to 5 layers of SCDNTs were prepared low steel substrate to evaluate its corrosion behavior in a 3.5% NaCl solution. Five-layer SCDNTs composite coating on LCS was the favorable coating as obtained from the electrochemical measurements ensured a corrosion inhibition efficiency of 92.5% and corrosion rate of 63.98 mm/y. XRD spectra and stereomicroscope were used to evaluate the surface of LWS coated with SCDNTs before and after corrosion test.
Graphical Abstract
A Solution to the Cerebral Perfusion Pressure Transducer Placement Conundrum in Neurointensive Care? The Dual Transducer
Authors: Mikkonen Era , Blixt Jonas , Ercole Ari , Alpkvist Peter , Sköldbring Robert , Bellander Bo-Michael , Weitzberg Eddie , Nelson David W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntracranial pressure is routinely monitored in most intensive care units caring for patients with severe neurological insults and, together with continuous arterial blood pressure measurement, allows for monitoring of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). CPP is the driving pressure of blood flow to the brain and is used to guide therapy. However, there is considerable inconsistency in the literature regarding how CPP is technically measured and, more specifically, the appropriate placement of the arterial pressure transducer. Depending on patient positioning and where the arterial pressure transducer is placed, the mean arterial pressure used for CPP calculation can vary widely by up to 15 mm Hg, which is greater than the acceptable variation in target ranges used clinically. Physiologically, the arterial pressure transducer should be placed at the level of the foramen of Monro for CPP measurement, but it is commonly set at the level of the right atrium for systematic measurement. Mean arterial pressure measurement at the level of the right atrium can lead to overestimation and potentially critically low actual CPP levels when the head is elevated, and measurement at the level of the foramen of Monro will underestimate systemic pressures, increasing the risk of excessive and unnecessary use of vasopressors and fluid. At the Karolinska University Hospital neurointensive care unit, we have used a split dual-transducer system, measuring arterial pressure both at the level of the foramen of Monro and at the level of the right atrium from a single arterial source. In doing so, we work with constants and can monitor and target optimum arterial pressures to better secure perfusion to all organs, with potentially less risk of cerebral ischemia or overuse of vasopressors and fluids, which may affect outcome.
Enhancing European Management of Analgesia, Sedation, and Delirium: A Multinational, Prospective, Interventional Before-After Trial
Authors: Paul Nicolas , Grunow Julius J. , Rosenthal Max , Spies Claudia D. , Page Valerie J. , Hanison James , Patel Brijesh , Rosenberg Alex , von Haken Rebecca , Pietsch Urs , Schrag Claudia , Waydhas Christian , Schellongowski Peter , Lobmeyr Elisabeth , Sander Michael , Piper Sophie K. , Conway Daniel , Totzeck Andreas , Weiss Björn 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The objective of this study was to analyze the impact of a structured educational intervention on the implementation of guideline-recommended pain, agitation, and delirium (PAD) assessment.

Methods
This was a prospective, multinational, interventional before-after trial conducted at 12 intensive care units from 10 centers in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and the UK. Intensive care units underwent a 6-week structured educational program, comprising online lectures, instructional videos, educational handouts, and bedside teaching. Patient-level PAD assessment data were collected in three 1-day point-prevalence assessments before (T1), 6 weeks after (T2), and 1 year after (T3) the educational program.

Results
A total of 430 patients were included. The rate of patients who received all three PAD assessments changed from 55% (107/195) at T1 to 53% (68/129) at T2, but increased to 73% (77/106) at T3 (p = 0.003). The delirium screening rate increased from 64% (124/195) at T1 to 65% (84/129) at T2 and 77% (82/106) at T3 (p = 0.041). The pain assessment rate increased from 87% (170/195) at T1 to 92% (119/129) at T2 and 98% (104/106) at T3 (p = 0.005). The rate of sedation assessment showed no signficiant change. The proportion of patients who received nonpharmacological delirium prevention measures increased from 58% (114/195) at T1 to 80% (103/129) at T2 and 91% (96/106) at T3 (p < 0.001). Multivariable regression revealed that at T3, patients were more likely to receive a delirium assessment (odds ratio [OR] 2.138, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.206–3.790; p = 0.009), sedation assessment (OR 4.131, 95% CI 1.372–12.438; p = 0.012), or all three PAD assessments (OR 2.295, 95% CI 1.349–3.903; p = 0.002) compared with T1.

Conclusions
In routine care, many patients were not assessed for PAD. Assessment rates increased significantly 1 year after the intervention.
Clinical trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03553719.
TGN-020 Alleviate Inflammation and Apoptosis After Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Mice Through Glymphatic and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Xiaohong , Xie Zhuoxi , Zhou Qian , Tan Xiaoli , Meng Weiting , Pang Yeyu , Huang Lizhen , Ding Zhihao , Hu Yuanhong , Li Ruhua , Huang Guilan , Li Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPost-stroke acute inhibition of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is known to exacerbate inflammation and apoptosis, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the specific mechanism of inflammation and apoptosis following cerebral ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury using the AQP4-specific inhibitor, N-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) pyridine-3-carboxamide dihydrochloride (TGN-020). Ischemic stroke was induced in mice using the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. The C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into three groups as follows: sham operation, I/R 48 h, and TGN-020 + I/R 48 h treatment. All mice were subjected to a series of procedures. These procedures encompassed 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, neurological scoring, fluorescence tracing, western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). The glymphatic function in the cortex surrounding cerebral infarction was determined using tracer, glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP), AQP4 co-staining, and beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) staining; differential genes were detected using RNA-seq. The influence of TGN-020 on the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK) 1/2 pathway was confirmed using the ERK1/2 pathway agonists Ro 67–7467. Additionally, we examined the expression of inflammation associated with microglia and astrocytes after TGN-020 and Ro 67–7467 treatment. Compared with I/R group, TGN-020 alleviated glymphatic dysfunction by inhibiting astrocyte proliferation and reducing tracer accumulation in the peri-infarct area. RNA-seq showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in the activation of astrocytes and microglia and in the ERK1/2 pathway. Western blot and immunofluorescence further verified the expression of associated inflammation. The inflammation and cell apoptosis induced by I/R are mitigated by TGN-020. This mitigation occurs through the improvement of glymphatic function and the inhibition of the ERK1/2 pathway.
Exploring the news media-dark personality nexus: Linking television news consumption, the Dark Triad, and perceived refugee threat
Authors: De Coninck David , Swinnen Manou 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe examine the intricate relationship between media usage, personality traits, and perceived threat towards refugees. Using a diverse sample from six European countries (N = 9,085), we explore the moderating impact of Dark Triad traits on television news consumption. Our findings align with prior studies, indicating that public television news consumption is associated with lower perceived threat, while commercial news consumption shows the opposite pattern. These results likely stem from the divergent framing of migration in the media: public outlets emphasize compassion and integration, while commercial outlets lean towards sensationalism and fear-inducing narratives. Additionally, our study uncovers intriguing insights into the Dark Triad traits. While psychopathy is linked to heightened perceived threat, Machiavellianism and narcissism exhibit a negative association. Surprisingly, the positive relationship between commercial news consumption and perceived threat weakens among individuals high in Machiavellianism. These individuals, driven by self-interest and strategic thinking, may view refugees as potential resources rather than threats. Notably, we find no moderation effect of Dark Triad traits on public service news consumption. This suggests that sensationalized content resonates more with individuals high in these traits, while public service news, focusing on diverse perspectives, has a weaker impact on threat perceptions.
Production of laccase enzyme from Curvularia lunata MY3: purification and characterization
Authors: Hamed Ahmed A. , Abd-Elaziz Ahmed M. , Ghanem Manal M. E. , ElAwady Mohamed E. , Abdel-Aziz Mohamed S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLaccase-producing fungus (MY3) was successfully isolated from soil samples collected from Mansoura Governorate, Egypt. This fungal isolate has shown a high laccase production level over other isolated fungi. The identity of this isolate was determined by the molecular technique 18SrRNA as Curvularia lunata MY3. The enzyme purification was performed using ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by Sephacryl S-200 and DEAE-Sepharose column chromatography. The denatured enzyme using SDS-PAGE had a molar mass of 65 kDa. The purified laccase had an optimum temperature at 40 °C for enzyme activity with 57.3 kJ/mol activation energy for 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) oxidation. The enzyme had an optimum pH of 5.0, and it has shown a high stability at the acidic range (4.5 to 5.5). Mn2+ and Mg2+ ions enhanced the enzyme activity, while most of the enzyme activity was inhibited by Hg2+. Some compounds such as 2-mercaptoethanol, L-cysteine, and sodium azide at a concentration of 10 mmol/L had shown a high suppression effect on the enzyme activity. The enzyme strongly oxidized ABTS and syringaldazine and moderately oxidized DMP and guaiacol. The antimicrobial activity of the purified enzyme towards three pathogenic strains (Escherichia coli ATCC-25922, Staphylococcus aureus NRRLB-767, and Candida albicans ATCC-10231) was evaluated for the potential use as an antimicrobial therapeutic enzyme.
Perceptions of Assistive Robots at Work: An Experimental Approach to Social Influence
Authors: Latikka Rita , Savela Nina , Oksanen Atte 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, we examined human reactions to other people’s experiences of using assistive robots at work. An online vignette experiment was conducted among respondents from the United States (N = 1059). In the experiment, participants read a written scenario in which another person had started using assistive robots to help with a daily work-related task. The experiment manipulated the closeness of the messenger (familiar versus unfamiliar colleague) and message orientation (positive versus negative). Finding out positive user experiences of a familiar or unfamiliar colleague increased positive attitude toward assistive robots, perceived robot usefulness, and perceived robot use self-efficacy. Furthermore, those who reported higher perceived robot suitability to one’s occupational field and openness to experiences reported more positive attitude toward assistive robots, higher perceived robot usefulness, and perceived robot use self-efficacy. The results suggest that finding out other people’s positive user experiences has a positive effect on perceptions of using assistive robots to help with a daily work-related task. Perceptions of assistive robots at work are also associated with individual and contextual factors such as openness to experiences and perceived robot suitability to one’s occupational field. This is one of the first studies to experimentally investigate the role of social influence in the perceptions of assistive robots at work.
Wetting Transition of Liquid Tin on the Surfaces of Initially Oxidized Steels
Authors: Aldawoudi K. , Varanasi D. , Baumli P. , Kaptay G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExperiments were carried out to investigate the wetting behaviour of liquid tin on two different steel substrates EN1.4301 stainless steel and 42CrMo4 low-alloyed steel. The experiments were carried out in a vacuum furnace at residual pressure (10−8 bar) with the temperature raised till 1233 K (960 °C). The transition of the liquid tin droplet from a non-wetting to a wetting state was achieved on the surface of both steels after the spontaneous oxide removal. The transition temperatures in the Sn/EN1.4301 and Sn/42CrMo4 systems were nearly identical, 1140 K and 1130 K, respectively. SEM images showed the formation of the Fe–Sn intermetallic compounds at the Sn/steel interfaces above the transition temperature. Tin penetration into the grain boundaries of EN1.4301 and 42CrMo4 steels was also observed.
Graphical abstract
A novel in silico Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum patients
Authors: Lim Beop-Yong , Ryu Dongman , I Hoseok , Lee Chiseung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to suggest a novel in silico Nuss procedure that can predict the results of chest wall deformity correction. Three-dimensional (3D) geometric and finite element model of the chest wall were built from the 15-year-old male adolescent patient’s computed tomography (CT) image with pectus excavatum of the mild deformity. A simulation of anterior translating the metal bar (T) and a simulation of maintaining equilibrium after 180-degree rotation (RE) were performed respectively. A RE simulation using the chest wall finite element model with intercostal muscles (REM) was also performed. Finally, the quantitative results of each in silico Nuss procedure were compared with those of postoperative patient. Furthermore, various mechanical indicators were compared between simulations. This confirmed that the REM simulation results were most similar to the actual patient’s results. Through two clinical indicators that can be compared with postoperative patient and mechanical indicators, the authors consider that the REM of silico Nuss procedure proposed in this study is best simulated the actual surgery.
Effectiveness of data augmentation to predict students at risk using deep learning algorithms
Authors: Fahd Kiran , Miah Shah J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe academic intervention to predict at-risk higher education (HE) students requires effective data model development. Such data modelling projects in the HE context may have common issues related to (a) adopting small-scale modelling that gives limited options for early intervention and (b) using imbalanced data that hinders capturing effective details of poorly performing students. We address the issues going beyond the distribution-based algorithm, using a multilayer perceptron classifier which shows better on confusion metric, recall, and precision measures for identifying at-risk students. Our proposed deep learning-based model, which uses data augmentation techniques to supplement the data instances and balance the dataset, aims to improve the prediction accuracy of whether the student will fail or not based on their interaction with the learning management systems to prevent struggling students from evasion.
Assessment of Building Physical Vulnerability in Earthquake-Debris Flow Disaster Chain
Authors: Zheng Hao , Deng Zhifei , Guo Lanlan , Liu Jifu , Liu Lianyou , Li Tiewei , Zheng Huan , Zheng Tao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLarge earthquakes not only directly damage buildings but also trigger debris flows, which cause secondary damage to buildings, forming a more destructive earthquake-debris flow disaster chain. A quantitative assessment of building vulnerability is essential for damage assessment after a disaster and for pre-disaster prevention. Using mechanical analysis based on pushover, a physical vulnerability assessment model of buildings in the earthquake-debris flow disaster chain is proposed to assess the vulnerability of buildings in Beichuan County, China. Based on the specific sequence of events in the earthquake-debris flow disaster chain, the seismic vulnerability of buildings is 79%, the flow impact and burial vulnerabilities of damaged buildings to debris flow are 92% and 28% respectively, and the holistic vulnerability of buildings under the disaster chain is 57%. By comparing different vulnerability assessment methods, we observed that the physical vulnerability of buildings under the disaster chain process is not equal to the statistical summation of the vulnerabilities to independent hazards, which implies that the structural properties and vulnerability of buildings have changed during the disaster chain process. Our results provide an integrated explanation of building vulnerability, which is essential for understanding building vulnerability in earthquake-debris flow disaster chain and building vulnerability under other disaster chains.
Surfaces in Non-flat 3-Space Forms Satisfying $$\square \vec {\textbf{H}}=\lambda \vec {\textbf{H}}$$
Authors: Alías Luis J. , García-Martínez S. Carolina , Ramírez-Ospina H. Fabián 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we locally classify the surfaces immersed into the non-flat (Riemannian or Lorentzian) 3-space forms satisfying the condition $$\Box \vec {\textbf{H}}=\lambda \vec {\textbf{H}}$$

□

H
→

=
λ

H
→

for a real number $$\lambda $$
λ
, where $$\vec {\textbf{H}}$$

H
→

is the mean curvature vector field and $$\Box $$
□
denotes the Cheng–Yau operator of the surface. We obtain the classification result by proving, at a first step, that the mean curvature function must be constant and, in a second step, we complete the classification.