bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risiko Pencucian Uang dan Pendanaan Terorisme dari Kejahatan Tumbuhan dan Satwa Liar (TSL)
Authors: Anafiah Vidyata Annisa 
Published: May 2023

Perdagangan ilegal tumbuhan dan satwa liar (TSL) merupakan salah satu dari kejahatan yang menghasilkan banyak uang secara global yaitu sekitar 5 hingga 23 miliar dolar AS setiap tahunnya, sedangkan di Indonesia, perdagangan ilegal TSL ini diperkirakan menghasilkan Rp 9-13 triliun setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran risiko TPPU dan TPPT dari TSL berdasarkan profil pelaku, wilayah, delik pidana Undang-Undang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya (UU KSDAE), dan TSL yang terlibat dalam TPPU; serta mitigasi risiko yang telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi explanatory sequential design dalam proses melakukan penilaian risiko. Profil pelaku individu, wilayah Jawa Bali (sebagai sumber aliran dana) dan Sumatera (sebagai tujuan dana), Pasal 21 ayat 2 huruf a UU KSDAE, dan trenggiling ditemukan sebagai profil, wilayah, delik pidana dan TSL yang berisiko tinggi. Risiko TPPU perdagangan ilegal TSL di Indonesia berdasarkan data yang tersedia dapat dinilai rendah hingga menengah. Sementara itu, berdasarkan data yang ada saat ini, sulit menilai risiko TPPT kejahatan TSL. Untuk memitigasi risiko perdagangan ilegal TSL dan TPPU, para pemangku kepentingan melakukan upaya antara lain pelaporan kejahatan TSL yang berbasis teknologi, edukasi dan sosialisasi, penerapan multi-door approach dalam penanganan perkara, kerjasama formal dan informal, serta perbankan hijau.
Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua Dengan Kemampuan Turn Taking Pada Autism di Surakarta
Authors: Rina Alrizki Kusumawati  , R. Asto Soesyasmoro  
Published: May 2023

Latar Belakang: Para orang tua harus melakukan penyesuaian diri terutama pada pola pengasuhan anak yang mengalami gangguan komunikasi seperti Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Karena pola asuh tersebut akan berdampak dengan kemampuan interaksi sosialnya. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan kemampuan turn taking pada autism di Surakarta. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan peneitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain Cross Sectional. Teknik pengambilann sampel yaitu dengan Total Sampling. Sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 33 orang. Data yang terkumpul akan di analisis secara univariat dan bivariat, teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji koefisien kontingensi. Hasil: Hasil diperoleh nilai p value = 0,000 atau p lebih dari 0,005. Sehingga terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan kemampuan turn taking pada autism di Surakarta. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan kemampuan turn taking di Surakarta.
Penerapan Laporan Keuangan Berdasarkan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Mikro Kecil Menengah Pada Toko Awal BB
Authors: RINDANI JIHAN 
Published: May 2023

Dalam dunia usaha baik skala besar ataupun kecil pasti memerlukan sebuah laporan keuangan. Laporan keuangan sangat dibutuhkan dalam mengontrol kegiatan perusahaan. Laporan keuangan mempunyai fungsi yaitu memberikan informasi tentang status keuangan perusahaan dalam kondisi baik atau buruk, jika laporan keuangan tidak dikelola dengan baik akan berdampak pada pengambilan keputusan perusahaan.
Laporan keuangan tidak hanya melibatkan hasil, tetapi juga proses penyusunan. Pelaporan keuangan memiliki standar akuntansi keuangan (SAK) yang berbeda untuk setiap tingkat bisnis. Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (SAK EMKM) merupakan standar untuk usaha mikro, kecil dan menengah (UMKM). Toko AWAL BB merupakan salah satu UMKM yang ada di Medan.
Obstacle Detection Stick for the Visually Impaired Using HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor and Arduino Nano Microcontroller-based Raindrop Sensor
Authors: Turnip Mega Tiarma Br , Gunawan Anak Agung Ngurah , Adnyana I. Gusti Agung Putra , Supardi I. Wayan , Trisnawati Ni Luh Putu 
Published: May 2023

Aims: With the stick, blind people can not only project their goals well, but also anticipate obstacles from the front, right, left, and unexpected puddles below without physical contact.
Study Design: Obstacle Detection Stick for the Visually Impaired Using HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor and Arduino Nano Microcontroller-Based Raindrop Sensor.
Methodology: Calibration is performed by comparing the output value of the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor and the manual meter. The calibrated parameters are the distance of the obstacle at the front, left and right positions. The relationship between the measured values of the design tool and the manual measuring instrument is determined by the linear regression method to obtain the correction equation and the accuracy of the design tool.
Results: Based on the research, the working system of the tool for the blind using an ultrasonic sensor is that when the obstacle is in the left position, the tool will emit a right turn sound and vice versa, when the obstacle is in the front and left position of the sensor, the tool will emit a right turn sound and when the obstacle is in the front and left position of the sensor, the tool will emit a left turn sound, If the obstacle is in the front, left and right positions, the tool will emit a U-turn sound and if the obstacle is in the front position, the tool will emit a U-turn sound, the sound produced comes from the audio card's SD module where the sound was previously recorded and the media used as the obstacle is the card. The percentage level of accuracy obtained by the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor in the front position is 96.875%, in the left position is 90.625%, and in the right position is 93.75%. The maximum distance the ultrasonic sensor can detect is 147 cm. In the raindrop sensor, the buzzer sounds when the raindrop sensor detects water if the raindrop sensor reading is more than 5 cm from the bottom of the blind cane, and the buzzer does not sound if the raindrop sensor reading is less than 5 cm.
Conclusion: The HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor works by using the obstacle's ability to reflect back the ultrasonic waves sent by the ultrasonic sensor to detect the distance between the stick and the obstacle.
Susceptibility of Pallid Sturgeon to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus genotype IVb
Authors: Hopper Lacey R. , Glenn Jolene A. , MacConnell Elizabeth , Winton James R. , Emmenegger Eveline J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is an aquatic rhabdovirus causing severe disease in freshwater and saltwater fish species. The susceptibility of endangered Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus to VHSV genotype IVb (VHSV-IVb) infection was investigated.

Methods
An in vitro assessment using two Pallid Sturgeon cell lines derived from skin and spleen tissue and in vivo evaluation of juvenile Pallid Sturgeon after exposure to VHSV-IVb were performed.

Result
Plaque assay and RT-PCR results confirmed VHSV-IVb replication in Pallid Sturgeon cell lines. Sturgeon were also susceptible to VHSV-IVb infection after immersion and injection exposures during laboratory experiments. However, after widespread mortality occurred in all treatment groups, including negative control fish, it was determined that the Pallid Sturgeon stock fish were infected with Missouri River sturgeon iridovirus (MRSIV) prior to experimental challenge. Nevertheless, mortalities were equal or higher among VHSV-exposed fish than among negative controls (MRSIV infected), and histopathological assessments indicated reduced hematopoietic cells in spleen and kidney tissues and hemorrhage in the gastrointestinal organs only in fish from the VHSV treatment.

Conclusion
These results indicate that Pallid Sturgeon is a susceptible host for VHSV-IVb, but the degree of pathogenicity was confounded by the underlying MRSIV infection. Research comparing susceptibility of specific pathogen-free and MRSIV-infected fish to VHSV-IVb is needed to accurately assess the vulnerability of Pallid Sturgeon to VHSV-IVb.
Anti‐Fatigue Hydrogel Electrolyte for All‐Flexible Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Qun , Yu Zhenlu , Zhuang Qiuna , Kim Jang‐Kyo , Kang Feiyu , Zhang Biao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHydrogel electrolytes are widely explored in Zn metal batteries for application in wearable electronics. While extensive studies have been conducted on optimizing the chemical structure and boosting the tensile elasticity, the mechanical stability of the hydrogel under repeated deformation is largely overlooked, leading to unsatisfactory performance at large cycling capacity. This work systematically analyzes the compressive fatigue‐resistance properties of the hydrogel electrolyte, revealing the critical roles of the salt and copolymer matrix on crack initiation and propagation. It shows that, on the premise of homogeneous Zn deposition, an improved anti‐fatigue property is essential to achieve high‐capacity Zn metal anodes. The optimal Zn(ClO4)2‐polyacrylamide/chitosan hydrogel electrolyte (C‐PAMCS) exhibits an unprecedented lifespan of 1500 h for Zn//Zn cells at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and a high areal capacity of 10 mAh cm−2. The potential application of C‐PAMCS is exemplified in all‐flexible Zn‐ion batteries enabled by a flexible current collector consisting of a Ag nanowires embedded elastomer. This study provides the rationale under hydrogel electrolyte engineering toward advanced Zn‐ion battereis and the application in flexible devices.
Tumor Eradication by Boron Neutron Capture Therapy with 10B‐enriched Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoparticles Grafted with Poly(Glycerol)
Authors: Zhang Yucai , Kang Heon Gyu , Xu Hua‐zhen , Luo Honghui , Suzuki Minoru , Lan Qing , Chen Xiao , Komatsu Naoki , Zhao Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBoron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has emerged as a treatment modality with high precision and efficacy of intractable tumors. At the core of effective tumor BNCT are 10B carriers with facile preparation as well as advantageous pharmacokinetic and therapeutic profiles. Herein, the design and preparation of sub‐10 nm 10B‐enriched hexagonal boron nitride nanoparticles grafted with poly(glycerol) (h‐10BN‐PG), and their application to cancer treatment by BNCT are reported. By virtue of their small particle size and outstanding stealth property, h‐10BN‐PG nanoparticles accumulate efficiently in murine CT26 colon tumors with a high intratumor 10B concentration of 8.8%ID g−1 or 102.1 µg g−1 at 12 h post‐injection. Moreover, h‐10BN‐PG nanoparticles penetrate into the inside of the tumor parenchyma and then are taken up by the tumor cells. BNCT comprising a single bolus injection of h‐10BN‐PG nanoparticles and subsequent one‐time neutron irradiation results in significant shrinkage of subcutaneous CT26 tumors. h‐10BN‐PG‐mediated BNCT not only causes direct DNA damage to the tumor cells, but also triggers pronounced inflammatory immune response in the tumor tissues, which contributes to long‐lasting tumor suppression after the neutron irradiation. Thus, the h‐10BN‐PG nanoparticles are promising BNCT agents to eradicate tumor through highly efficient 10B accumulation.
A Regimen Compression Strategy for Commercial Vaccines Leveraging an Injectable Hydrogel Depot Technology for Sustained Vaccine Exposure
Authors: Yan Jerry , Ou Ben S. , Saouaf Olivia M. , Meany Emily L. , Eckman Noah , Appel Eric A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEquitable global access to vaccines requires overcoming challenges associated with complex immunization schedules and their associated economic burdens that hinder delivery in under‐resourced environments. The rabies vaccine, for example, requires multiple immunizations for effective protection and each dose is cost prohibitive, and therefore inaccessibility disproportionately impacts low‐ and middle‐income countries. In this work, an injectable hydrogel depot technology for sustained delivery of commercial inactivated rabies virus vaccines is developed. In a mouse model, it is shown that a single immunization of a hydrogel‐based rabies vaccine elicited comparable antibody titers to a standard prime‐boost bolus regimen of a commercial rabies vaccine, despite these hydrogel vaccines comprising only half of the total dose delivered in the bolus control. Moreover, these hydrogel‐based vaccines elicited similar antigen‐specific T‐cell responses and neutralizing antibody responses compared to the bolus vaccine. Notably, it is demonstrated that while the addition of a potent clinical Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist adjuvant to the gels slightly improved binding antibody responses, inclusion of this adjuvant to the inactivated virion vaccine is detrimental to neutralizing responses. Taken together, these results suggest that these hydrogels can enable an effective regimen compression and dose‐sparing strategy for improving global access to vaccines.
Pollen production per flower increases with floral display size across animal‐pollinated flowering plants
Authors: da Cunha Nicolay Leme , Aizen Marcelo Adrián 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPremiseThe number of open flowers on a plant (i.e., floral display size) can influence plant fitness by increasing pollinator attraction. However, diminishing marginal fitness returns with increasing floral display are expected as pollinators tend to visit more flowers per plant consecutively. An extended flower visitation sequence increases the fraction of ovules disabled by self‐pollination (ovule discounting) and reduces the fraction of a plant's own pollen that is exported to sire seeds in other plants (pollen discounting). Hermaphroditic species with a genetic system that prevents self‐fertilization (self‐incompatibility) would avoid ovule discounting and its fitness cost, whereas species without such a genetically based barrier would not. Contrarily, pollen discounting would be an unavoidable consequence of a large floral display irrespective of selfing barriers. Nevertheless, the increasing fitness costs of ovule and pollen discounting could be offset by respectively increasing ovule and pollen production per flower.MethodsWe compiled data on floral display size and pollen and ovule production per flower for 1241 animal‐pollinated, hermaphroditic angiosperm species, including data on the compatibility system for 779 species. We used phylogenetic general linear mixed models to assess the relations of pollen and ovule production to floral display size.ResultsOur findings provide evidence of increasing pollen production, but not of ovule production, with increasing display size irrespective of compatibility system and even after accounting for potentially confounding effects like flower size and growth form.ConclusionsOur comparative study supports the pollen‐discount expectation of an adaptive link between per‐flower pollen production and floral display across animal‐pollinated angiosperms.
UVA LED Light Promoted Cross‐Coupling of Tertiary α‐Silylamines with 1‐Iodoalkynes
Authors: Zhao Yichao , Li Jiacheng , Carli Lorenzo , Jin Jianwen , Chan Philip Wai Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA synthetic strategy that exploits the formation of an electron donor‐acceptor (EDA) complex between a tertiary α‐silylamine and 1‐iodoalkyne under UVA LED (light emitting diode) light (λmax=365 nm) to prepare propargyl amines is described. The site‐ and chemoselective synthetic method was shown to tolerate a wide range of functional groups to give the α‐alkynylation product in good to excellent yields. The usefulness of the C(sp)–C(sp3) bond formation protocol was also exemplified by the late‐stage functionalisation of a variety of natural products and bioactive compounds.
Learning slopes in early‐onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Hammers Dustin B. , Nemes Sára , Diedrich Taylor , Eloyan Ani , Kirby Kala , Aisen Paul , Kramer Joel , Nudelman Kelly , Foroud Tatiana , Rumbaugh Malia , Atri Alireza , Day Gregory S. , Duara Ranjan , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Honig Lawrence S. , Jones David T. , Masdeu Joseph C. , Mendez Mario F. , Musiek Erik , Onyike Chiadi U. , Riddle Meghan , Rogalski Emily , Salloway Steve , Sha Sharon J. , Turner Raymond Scott , Weintraub Sandra , Wingo Thomas S. , Wolk David A. , Wong Bonnie , Carrillo Maria C. , Dickerson Bradford C. , Rabinovici Gil D. , Apostolova Liana G. ,   the LEADS Consortium
Published: May 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVEInvestigation of learning slopes in early‐onset dementias has been limited. The current study aimed to highlight the sensitivity of learning slopes to discriminate disease severity in cognitively normal participants and those diagnosed with early‐onset dementia with and without β‐amyloid positivityMETHODData from 310 participants in the Longitudinal Early‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (aged 41 to 65) were used to calculate learning slope metrics. Learning slopes among diagnostic groups were compared, and the relationships of slopes with standard memory measures were determinedRESULTSWorse learning slopes were associated with more severe disease states, even after controlling for demographics, total learning, and cognitive severity. A particular metric—the learning ratio (LR)—outperformed other learning slope calculations across analysesCONCLUSIONSLearning slopes appear to be sensitive to early‐onset dementias, even when controlling for the effect of total learning and cognitive severity. The LR may be the learning measure of choice for such analyses.Highlights
Learning is impaired in amyloid‐positive EOAD, beyond cognitive severity scores alone.
Amyloid‐positive EOAD participants perform worse on learning slopes than amyloid‐negative participants.
Learning ratio appears to be the learning metric of choice for EOAD participants.
Levels of Alzheimer's disease blood biomarkers are altered after food intake—A pilot intervention study in healthy adults
Authors: Huber Hanna , Ashton Nicholas J. , Schieren Alina , Montoliu‐Gaya Laia , Molfetta Guglielmo Di , Brum Wagner S. , Lantero‐Rodriguez Juan , Grötschel Lana , Stoffel‐Wagner Birgit , Coenen Martin , Weinhold Leonie , Schmid Matthias , Blennow Kaj , Stehle Peter , Zetterberg Henrik , Simon Marie‐Christine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONBlood biomarkers accurately identify Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology and axonal injury. We investigated the influence of food intake on AD‐related biomarkers in cognitively healthy, obese adults at high metabolic risk.METHODSOne‐hundred eleven participants underwent repeated blood sampling during 3 h after a standardized meal (postprandial group, PG). For comparison, blood was sampled from a fasting subgroup over 3 h (fasting group, FG). Plasma neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), amyloid‐beta (Aβ) 42/40, phosphorylated tau (p‐tau) 181 and 231, and total‐tau were measured via single molecule array assays.RESULTSSignificant differences were found for NfL, GFAP, Aβ42/40, p‐tau181, and p‐tau231 between FG and PG. The greatest change to baseline occurred for GFAP and p‐tau181 (120 min postprandially, p < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONOur data suggest that AD‐related biomarkers are altered by food intake. Further studies are needed to verify whether blood biomarker sampling should be performed in the fasting state.Highlights
Acute food intake alters plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease in obese, otherwise healthy adults.
We also found dynamic fluctuations in plasma biomarkers concentration in the fasting state suggesting physiological diurnal variations.
Further investigations are highly needed to verify if biomarker measurements should be performed in the fasting state and at a standardized time of day to improve the diagnostic accuracy.
Early versus delayed vasopressor administration in patients with septic shock
Authors: Abe Toshikazu , Umemura Yutaka , Ogura Hiroshi , Kushimoto Shigeki , Fujishima Seitaro , Saitoh Daizoh , Gando Satoshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the association of early vasopressor initiation with improved septic shock outcomes.MethodsThis multicenter observational study was conducted in 17 intensive care units in Japan and included adult patients with sepsis admitted to the intensive care unit from July 2019 to August 2020 and treated with vasopressor therapy. Patients were divided into the early vasopressor group (≤1 h from sepsis recognition) and the delayed vasopressor group (>1 h). The impact of early vasopressor administration on risk‐adjusted in‐hospital mortality was estimated using logistic regression analyses adjusted by an inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis with propensity scoring.ResultsAmong the 97 patients, 67 received vasopressor therapy within 1 h from sepsis recognition and 30 received vasopressor after 1 h. In‐hospital mortality was 32.8% in the early vasopressor group and 26.7% in the delayed vasopressor group (p = 0.543). The adjusted odds ratio for in‐hospital mortality was 0.76 (95% confidence interval 0.17–3.29) when comparing patients in the early vasopressor with those in the delayed vasopressor group. The fit curve from the mixed‐effects model showed a relatively lower trend toward an infusion volume over time in the early vasopressor group than in the delayed vasopressor group.ConclusionOur study did not reach a definitive conclusion for early vasopressor administration. However, early vasopressor administration may help avoid volume overload in the long course of sepsis care.
Responsiveness of the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia and Natural History in 884 Recessive and Early Onset Ataxia Patients
Authors: Traschütz Andreas , Adarmes‐Gómez Astrid D. , Anheim Mathieu , Baets Jonathan , Brais Bernard , Gagnon Cynthia , Gburek‐Augustat Janina , Doss Sarah , Hanağası Haşmet A. , Kamm Christoph , Klivenyi Peter , Klockgether Thomas , Klopstock Thomas , Minnerop Martina , Münchau Alexander , Renaud Mathilde , Santorelli Filippo M. , Schöls Ludger , Thieme Andreas , Vielhaber Stefan , van de Warrenburg Bart P. , Zanni Ginevra , Hilgers Ralf‐Dieter ,   PREPARE Consortium, Synofzik Matthis 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThe Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) is the most widely applied clinical outcome assessment (COA) for genetic ataxias, but presents metrological and regulatory challenges. To facilitate trial planning, we characterize its responsiveness (including subitem‐level relations to ataxia severity and patient‐focused outcomes) across a large number of ataxias, and provide first natural history data for several of them.MethodsSubitem‐level correlation and distribution‐based analysis of 1,637 SARA assessments in 884 patients with autosomal recessive/early onset ataxia (370 with 2–8 longitudinal assessments) were complemented by linear mixed effects modeling to estimate progression and sample sizes.ResultsAlthough SARA subitem responsiveness varied between ataxia severities, gait/stance showed a robust granular linear scaling across the broadest range (SARA < 25). Responsiveness was diminished by incomplete subscale use at intermediate or upper levels, nontransitions (“static periods”), and fluctuating decreases/increases. All subitems except nose‐finger showed moderate‐to‐strong correlations to activities of daily living, indicating that metric properties—not content validity—limit SARA responsiveness. SARA captured mild‐to‐moderate progression in many genotypes (eg, SYNE1‐ataxia: 0.55 points/yr, ataxia with oculomotor apraxia type 2: 1.14 points/yr, POLG‐ataxia: 1.56 points/yr), but no change in others (autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix‐Saguenay, COQ8A‐ataxia). Whereas sensitivity to change was optimal in mild ataxia (SARA < 10), it substantially deteriorated in advanced ataxia (SARA > 25; 2.7‐fold sample size). Use of a novel rank‐optimized SARA without subitems finger‐chase and nose‐finger reduces sample sizes by 20 to 25%.InterpretationThis study comprehensively characterizes COA properties and annualized changes of the SARA across and within a large number of ataxias. It suggests specific approaches for optimizing its responsiveness that might facilitate regulatory qualification and trial design. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:470–485