bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress and resilience during pregnancy: A comparative study between pregnant and non-pregnant women in Ethiopia
Authors: Abera Mubarek , Hanlon Charlotte , Fedlu Hikma , Fewtrell Mary , Tesfaye Markos , Wells Jonathan C. K. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Stress during pregnancy is associated with perturbances in maternal psychology and physiology, and results in adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. However, little attention has been given to understand maternal stress and its potential negative consequences in many low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to investigate whether pregnancy is associated with greater stress and lower psychological resilience among women living in Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia.

Method
An institution-based comparative cross-sectional study design was implemented in Jimma University Medical Center and Jimma health centers from 15 September to 30 November 2021. Women attending antenatal care and family planning services were invited to participate in the study. Participants were interviewed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Brief Resilience Scale (BRS), distress questionnaire-5, and the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). Linear regression analysis was used to test associations between pregnancy (exposure) and outcomes of interest (stress and resilience scores), while adjusting for potential confounders. Stress and resilience were mutually adjusted for one another in the final model.

Results
A total of 166 pregnant and 154 non-pregnant women participated, with mean age of 27.0 SD 5.0 and 29.5 SD 5.3 years respectively. Pregnancy was associated with increased stress score by 4.1 points (β = 4.1; 95% CI: 3.0, 5.2), and with reduced resilience by 3.3 points (β = -3.3; 95% CI: -4.5, -2.2) in a fully adjusted model. In mutually-adjusted models, pregnancy was independently associated with greater stress (β = 2.9, 95% CI 1.8, 3.9) and lower resilience (β = -1.3, 95% CI: -2.5, -0.2) compared to non-pregnant women.

Conclusion
In this low income setting, pregnancy is associated with greater vulnerability in the mental health of women, characterized by greater perceived stress and diminished resilience. Context-relevant interventions to improve resilience and reduce stress could help improve the health and wellbeing of mothers, with potential benefits for their offspring.
Iron deficiency and the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 infection: A retrospective, longitudinal analysis of real-world data
Authors: Tene Lilac , Karasik Avraham , Chodick Gabriel , Pereira Dora I. A. , Schou Henrik , Waechter Sandra , Göhring Udo-Michael , Drakesmith Hal 
Published: May 2023

Background
Iron plays a key role in human immune responses; however, the influence of iron deficiency on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness is unclear.

Aim
To assess the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccine in preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19–related hospitalization and death in individuals with or without iron deficiency.

Methods
This large retrospective, longitudinal cohort study analyzed real-world data from the Maccabi Healthcare Services database (covering 25% of Israeli residents). Eligible adults (aged ≥16 years) received a first BNT162b2 vaccine dose between December 19, 2020, and February 28, 2021, followed by a second dose as per approved vaccine label. Individuals were excluded if they had SARS-CoV-2 infection before vaccination, had hemoglobinopathy, received a cancer diagnosis since January 2020, had been treated with immunosuppressants, or were pregnant at the time of vaccination. Vaccine effectiveness was assessed in terms of incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, relative risks of COVID-19–related hospitalization, and mortality in individuals with iron deficiency (ferritin <30 ng/mL or transferrin saturation <20%). The two-dose protection period was Days 7 to 28 after the second vaccination.

Results
Data from 184,171 individuals with (mean [standard deviation; SD] age 46.2 [19.6] years; 81.2% female) versus 1,072,019 without (mean [SD] age 46.9 [18.0] years; 46.2% female) known iron deficiency were analyzed. Vaccine effectiveness in the two-dose protection period was 91.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 83.7–96.0%) and 92.1% (95% CI 84.2–96.1%) for those with versus without iron deficiency (P = 0.96). Of patients with versus without iron deficiency, hospitalizations occurred in 28 and 19 per 100,000 during the reference period (Days 1–7 after the first dose), and in 19 and 7 per 100,000 during the two-dose protection period, respectively. Mortality rates were comparable between study groups: 2.2 per 100,000 (4/181,012) in the population with iron deficiency and 1.8 per 100,000 (19/1,055,298) in those without known iron deficiency.

Conclusions
Results suggest that the BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine is >90% effective in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in the 3 weeks after the second vaccination, irrespective of iron-deficiency status. These findings support the use of the vaccine in populations with iron deficiency.
HIV and its associated factors among people who inject drugs in Mizoram, Northeast India
Authors: Pachuau Lucy Ngaihbanglovi , Tannous Caterina , Chawngthu Richard Lalramhluna , Agho Kingsley Emwinyore 
Published: May 2023

Aim
To estimate the prevalence and associated factors with the human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Mizoram, Northeast India.

Methods
The data source for the analysis was the 2019–2020 Mizoram State AIDS Control Society (MSACS) survey from 2695 PWID registered for the Targeted Intervention (TI) services. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the factors associated with HIV among PWID after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, injection, and sexual behaviours.

Results
21.19% of the participants tested positive for HIV and the prevalence of HIV among male and female participants were 19.5% and 38.6%, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that female (AOR 1.74; 95% CI 1.26–2.41), 35 years or older (AOR 1.45; 95% CI 1.06–1.99), married (AOR 1.41; 95% CI1.08–1.83), divorced/separated/widowed (AOR 2.12; 95% CI 1.59–2.82) and sharing of needle/syringe (AOR 1.62; 95% CI 1.30–2.00) were all positively associated with HIV infection. We also found that concomitant alcohol use was reduced by 35% (AOR 0.65; 95% CI 0.51–0.82) among HIV positive PWID, and HIV infection was also reduced by 46% (AOR 0.54; 95% CI 0.44–0.67) among those PWID who use a condom with a regular partner.

Conclusion
The findings of this study suggested that there is a high prevalence of HIV among PWID with 1 in 5 PWID reported to have HIV. HIV among PWID was significantly higher among those over 35 years of age, females and divorced/separated/widowed participants. Needle/syringe sharing behaviour is an important determinant of HIV infection. The high prevalence of HIV among PWID population is multifactorial. To reduce HIV among PWID in Mizoram, interventions should target those sharing needles/syringes, females, especially those over 35 years of age and unmarried participants.
Rate of Colectomy Increases Within 12 Months of Sequential Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Barnes Edward L. , Zhang Xian , Long Millie D. , Herfarth Hans H. , Kappelman Michael D. 
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Patients with medically refractory ulcerative colitis who previously would have undergone surgery can now elect for subsequent medical therapy.

METHODS:
In a commercially insured population, we evaluated the proportion of patients initiating second-line, third-line, or fourth-line treatment who underwent colectomy in the following 12 months.

RESULTS:
Among 3,325 patients with ulcerative colitis, the colectomy rate within 12 months of a switch in therapy increased from 12% with the first switch to 17% and 19% with the second and third switches, respectively (P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
Treatment effectiveness declines with successive switching; however, even after initiating fourth-line therapy, most patients remain surgery-free.
Revised Algorithmic Approach to Differentiate Between Nonspecific and Specific Etiologies of Chronic Terminal Ileitis
Authors: Sachdeva Karan , Agarwal Samagra , Kumar Peeyush , Mathew David , Kurrey Lalit , Vuyyuru Sudheer K. , Kante Bhaskar , Sahu Pabitra , Mundhra Sandeep , Virmani Shubi , Mouli Pratap , Dhingra Rajan , Sharma Raju , Das Prasenjit , Makharia Govind , Kedia Saurabh , Ahuja Vineet 
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Chronic isolated terminal ileitis (TI) may be seen in Crohn's disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) in addition to other etiologies that may be managed symptomatically. We developed a revised algorithm to distinguish patients with a specific etiology from a nonspecific etiology.

METHODS:
Patients with chronic isolated TI followed up from 2007 to 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. A specific (ITB or CD) diagnosis was made based on standardized criteria, and other relevant data were collected. Using this cohort, validation of a previously suggested algorithm was conducted. Furthermore, based on the results of a univariate analysis, a multivariate analysis with bootstrap validation was used to develop a revised algorithm.

RESULTS:
We included 153 patients (mean age 36.9 ± 14.6 years, males—70%, median duration—1.5 years, range: 0–20 years) with chronic isolated TI of whom 109 (71.2%) received a specific diagnosis (CD-69, ITB-40). On multivariate regression and validation statistics with a combination of clinical, laboratory, radiological, and colonoscopic findings, an optimism corrected c-statistic of 0.975 and 0.958 was obtained with and without histopathological findings, respectively. Revised algorithm, based on these, showed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and overall accuracy of 98.2% (95% CI: 93.5–99.8), 75.0% (95% CI: 59.7–86.8), 90.7% (95% CI: 85.4–94.2), 94.3% (95% CI: 80.5–98.5) and 91.5%(95% CI:85.9–95.4), respectively. This was more sensitive and specific than the previous algorithm (accuracy 83.9%, sensitivity 95.5%, and specificity 54.6%).

DISCUSSION:
We developed a revised algorithm and a multimodality approach to stratify patients with chronic isolated TI into specific and nonspecific etiologies with an excellent diagnostic accuracy, which could potentially avoid missed diagnosis and unnecessary side effects of treatment.
Spin density wave and antiferromagnetic transition in EuFe2As2: a high field transport and heat capacity study
Authors: Yadav Anurag , Kumar Anuj 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Here we reported structural, electrical, magnetic, and thermal transport properties of ternary pnictide bulk iron based compound EuFe2As2 (Eu-122). This compound (Eu-122) crystallized in ThCr2Si2-type tetragonal phase structure with space group I4/mmm at ambient temperature. A promising divalent state (Eu2+) of Eu-ions was observed in the studied EuFe2As2. Magnetic ordering of Eu2+ ions takes place at very low temperature at around T
N = 20 K in EuFe2As2. The ferromagnetic interactions between Fe–Fe ions were established at higher temperature which was revealed from magnetic susceptibility measurements with negative value of the paramagnetic Curie temperature. Both magnetic phase transitions (20 K and 190 K) were clearly established the intrinsic magnetic nature revealed by both electrical transport and specific heat measurement. However the phase transition at low temperature corresponds to the magnetic ordering of Eu2+ ions while the high transition temperature is due to the itinerant moment of Fe. EuFe2As2 is the only compound among various parent compounds of iron pnictide superconductor’s family, in which both spin density wave (SDW) of Fe and A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) ordering of the localized Eu2+ magnetic moments take place simultaneously. We observed here that the localized character of Eu anti-ferromagnetism dominated via RKKY interactions, despite the largely itinerant nature of Fe magnetic interactions. The resistivity with applied magnetic field revealed that the AFM ordering temperature of Eu2+ ions suppress with applied magnetic field. Also resistivity under hydrostatic pressure measurements shows the T
SDW (Fe) transition of the Fe moments shifts towards the lower temperatures while AFM ordering of Eu2+ decreases with pressure and the same is completely disappears at 2 GPa.
Embodied remembering in coordinated performances
Authors: Choe Ann Tai , Yagi Junichi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Drawing on multimodal conversation analysis and past literature on synchronization, this study sheds light on the temporal properties of embodied remembering, which we define as co-operative enactment(s) of a mutually-established recollectable. Our main argument is that the nature of a recollectable shapes the practical organization of embodied remembering. To demonstrate this, we investigate the phenomenon in three performance-based settings: (a) taiko ensemble rehearsal, (b) Korean TV show, and (c) ESL service-learning reflection. In each setting, participants jointly produce a (quasi-)synchronized performance, but for different purposes: to advocate one version of choral chanting against the other, to demonstrate one’s knowledge of choreographic moves and understanding of an expert correction in the pursuit of humor, and finally, to foster peer solidarity through nonserious competition. Detailed analysis uncovers varying degrees of performative precision, through which participants display their in-situ understanding of the consequentiality of achieved synchrony for the task-at-hand. The temporal unfolding of embodied remembering is locally shaped by participants’ mutual orientation to a given activity context and the nature of a recollectable. Participants’ orientation to relevant performative precision is embodied in the very way they enact the recollectable.
Sight vs. Sound Judgments of Music Performance Depend on Relative Performer Quality: Cross-cultural Evidence From Classical Piano and Tsugaru Shamisen Competitions
Authors: Chiba Gakuto , Ozaki Yuto , Fujii Shinya , Savage Patrick E. 
Published: May 2023

Which information dominates in evaluating performance in music? Both experts and laypeople consistently report believing that sound should be the most important domain when judging music competitions, but experimental studies of Western participants rating video-only vs. audio-only versions of 6-second excerpts of Western classical performances have shown that in at least some cases visual information can play a stronger role. However, whether this phenomenon applies generally to music competitions or is restricted to specific repertoires or contexts is disputed. In this Registered Report, we focus on testing the generalizability of sight vs. sound effects by replicating previous studies of classical piano competitions with Japanese participants, while also expanding the same paradigm using new examples from competitions of a traditional Japanese folk musical instrument: the Tsugaru shamisen. For both classical piano and Tsugaru shamisen, we ask participants to choose the winner between the 1st- and 2nd- placing performers in 5 competitions and the 1st-place and low-ranking performers in 5 competitions (i.e., 40 performers total from 10 piano and 10 shamisen competitions). We tested the following three predictions twice each (once for piano and once for shamisen): 1) an interaction was predicted between domain (video-only vs. audio-only) and variance in quality (choosing between 1st and 2nd place vs. choosing between 1st and low-placing performers); 2) visuals were predicted to trump sound when variation in quality is low (1st vs. 2nd place); and 3) sound was predicted to trump visuals when variation in quality is high (1st vs. low-placing). Our experiments (n = 155 participants) confirmed our first predicted interaction between audio/visual domain and relative performer quality for both piano and shamisen conditions, suggesting that this interaction is cross-culturally general. In contrast, the second prediction was only supported for the piano stimuli and the third prediction was only supported for the shamisen condition, suggesting culturally dependent factors in the specific balance between sight and sound in the judgment of musical performance. Our results resolve discrepancies and debates from previous sight-vs-sound studies by replicating and extending them to include non-Western participants and musical traditions. Our findings may also have practical applications to evaluation criteria for performers, judges, and organizers of competitions, concerts, and auditions.
Phospholipid scramblase Xkr8 is required for developmental axon pruning via phosphatidylserine exposure
Authors: Neniskyte Urte , Kuliesiute Ugne , Vadisiute Auguste , Jevdokimenko Kristina , Coletta Ludovico , Deivasigamani Senthilkumar , Pamedytyte Daina , Daugelaviciene Neringa , Dabkeviciene Daiva , Perlas Emerald , Bali Aditya , Basilico Bernadette , Gozzi Alessandro , Ragozzino Davide , Gross Cornelius T 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe mature mammalian brain connectome emerges during development via the extension and pruning of neuronal connections. Glial cells have been identified as key players in the phagocytic elimination of neuronal synapses and projections. Recently, phosphatidylserine has been identified as neuronal “eat‐me” signal that guides elimination of unnecessary input sources, but the associated transduction systems involved in such pruning are yet to be described. Here, we identified Xk‐related protein 8 (Xkr8), a phospholipid scramblase, as a key factor for the pruning of axons in the developing mammalian brain. We found that mouse Xkr8 is highly expressed immediately after birth and required for phosphatidylserine exposure in the hippocampus. Mice lacking Xkr8 showed excess excitatory nerve terminals, increased density of cortico‐cortical and cortico‐spinal projections, aberrant electrophysiological profiles of hippocampal neurons, and global brain hyperconnectivity. These data identify phospholipid scrambling by Xkr8 as a central process in the labeling and discrimination of developing neuronal projections for pruning in the mammalian brain.
A salt stress‐activated GSO1‐SOS2‐SOS1 module protects the Arabidopsis root stem cell niche by enhancing sodium ion extrusion
Authors: Chen Changxi , He Gefeng , Li Jianfang , Perez‐Hormaeche Javier , Becker Tobias , Luo Manqing , Wallrad Lukas , Gao Junping , Li Jia , Pardo José M , Kudla Jörg , Guo Yan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSoil salinity impairs plant growth reducing crop productivity. Toxic accumulation of sodium ions is counteracted by the Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) pathway for Na+ extrusion, comprising the Na+ transporter SOS1, the kinase SOS2, and SOS3 as one of several Calcineurin‐B‐like (CBL) Ca2+ sensors. Here, we report that the receptor‐like kinase GSO1/SGN3 activates SOS2, independently of SOS3 binding, by physical interaction and phosphorylation at Thr16. Loss of GSO1 function renders plants salt sensitive and GSO1 is both sufficient and required for activating the SOS2‐SOS1 module in yeast and in planta. Salt stress causes the accumulation of GSO1 in two specific and spatially defined areas of the root tip: in the endodermis section undergoing Casparian strip (CS) formation, where it reinforces the CIF‐GSO1‐SGN1 axis for CS barrier formation; and in the meristem, where it creates the GSO1‐SOS2‐SOS1 axis for Na+ detoxification. Thus, GSO1 simultaneously prevents Na+ both from diffusing into the vasculature, and from poisoning unprotected stem cells in the meristem. By protecting the meristem, receptor‐like kinase‐conferred activation of the SOS2‐SOS1 module allows root growth to be maintained in adverse environments.
mTORC1 activity negatively regulates human hair follicle growth and pigmentation
Authors: Suzuki Takahiro , Chéret Jérémy , Scala Fernanda Dinelli , Akhundlu Aysun , Gherardini Jennifer , Demetrius Dana‐Lee , O'Sullivan James D B , Kuka Epstein Gorana , Bauman Alan J , Demetriades Constantinos , Paus Ralf 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDysregulation of the activity of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is commonly linked to aging, cancer, and genetic disorders such as tuberous sclerosis (TS), a rare neurodevelopmental multisystemic disease characterized by benign tumors, seizures, and intellectual disability. Although patches of white hair on the scalp (poliosis) are considered as early signs of TS, the underlying molecular mechanisms and potential involvement of mTORC1 in hair depigmentation remain unclear. Here, we have used healthy, organ‐cultured human scalp hair follicles (HFs) to interrogate the role of mTORC1 in a prototypic human (mini‐)organ. Gray/white HFs exhibit high mTORC1 activity, while mTORC1 inhibition by rapamycin stimulated HF growth and pigmentation, even in gray/white HFs that still contained some surviving melanocytes. Mechanistically, this occurred via increased intrafollicular production of the melanotropic hormone, α‐MSH. In contrast, knockdown of intrafollicular TSC2, a negative regulator of mTORC1, significantly reduced HF pigmentation. Our findings introduce mTORC1 activity as an important negative regulator of human HF growth and pigmentation and suggest that pharmacological mTORC1 inhibition could become a novel strategy in the management of hair loss and depigmentation disorders.
El género Frankliniella (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) en Persea americana Mill. cv Hass en la región central de Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez-Arrieta Jesús Alexander , Cambero-Campos Octavio Jhonathan , González-Hernández Héctor , Vargas-Martínez Alejandro 
Published: May 2023

Introducción. Algunas especies de trips del género Frankliniella (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) son de importancia cuarentenaria en diversos cultivos en la región Centroamericana, sin embargo, diversas especies de dicho género han sido reportadas como parte de la fauna visitadora de la floración, no solo en plantas con producción agrícola. Objetivo. Registrar las especies de Frankliniella asociadas a los árboles de aguacate y sus arvenses, en la región central de Costa Rica y presentar una clave para la identificación de dichos trips. Materiales y métodos. Los muestreos se realizaron cada dos meses en tres diferentes zonas en la región central de Costa Rica, durante los años 2019 y 2021. Los trips del aguacate y de las plantas arvenses se recolectaron mediante el golpe de ramas, estos fueron preparados para su visualización en un microscopio convencional de luz e identificados por medio de su morfología. Resultados. Se identificaron veintidós especies de Frankliniella, dieciocho de ellas se asociaron a arvenses que crecen en los mismos cultivares, mientras que cinco especies se asociaron directamente al follaje y flor del árbol de aguacate. Conclusión. En la región central de Costa Rica, del género Frankliniella se encontraron tres especies: F. alonso, F. doris y F. nita sobre el árbol de aguacate durante la etapa de floración, una sola especie del follaje: F. sandovalensis y una sola especie tanto en el follaje como en la floración: F. cephalica.
Book collectors and patrons of the Zólyomradvány Bibliotheca
Authors: Czeglédi László 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOver many decades, the library of Radvány castle has developed into a valuable and organized collection. The founders and owners of the library were members of the Radvánszky family from Radvány right until the time when it finally became state property. The collection has been described on several occasions, and the state of the library has been explored several times in the literature; however, to date, its holdings have not been described and published in detail. However, the specialist would be in an easy position, since catalogs have survived and, in addition, a significant part of the collection still exists, so there is a good chance that the library's stock can be reconstructed. The real and the supposed processes of building the collection may be traced back quite clearly over a period of more than a century and a half.