bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Standardization of Livestock Products on the Economy of Farmers and the Local Economy
Authors: Guga Eduina , Veizi Zamira 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
There is a strong link between agriculture and the economy. Smallholder farmers are the foundation of the livestock sector and an essential element in building and developing the local dairy value chain, critical to the development of its local economy. Economic growth is necessary for poverty reduction. The main objective of the study is to know the impact of livestock production on the regional economy of Gjirokastra. The result of the study identifies employment generation and income generation as the major benefit of standardized livestock production. The study hereby recommends that the government should take standardized livestock production as one of the major factors contributing to the economy and also put some policies in place in order to encourage farmers to collaborate in this regard. In Gjirokastra, and despite the efforts made since the transition from the communist regime until now, farmers still face many problems that prevent them from participating effectively in the development of the milk value chain. This research study refers to the views of small farmers in the Gjirokastra region about the milk production sector and the problems faced by these farmers. This study also investigates the effect of several factors (ethical factors, tradition, animal welfare, cultural factors, etc.) on the milk value chain. Convergence model was used in mixed method triangular design as a methodology for this research study. As part of the social data, 34 farmers who produce and sell milk and cheese in the Gjirokastra District were interviewed. The results showed the influence of ethical, cultural and traditional factors on the development of the value chain. The results also showed the problems and difficulties faced by small farmers in rural areas, on the one hand, and the gap between these farmers and government and private organizations on the other.
Gender Discrimination or Respect?
Authors: Khorasani Soheil Dastmalchian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent years, sociologists pay special attention to the challenging issue of sexual discrimination which has been converted to a hot topic nowadays. The main issue is why women are inhibited to attend in a special socio cultural events despite of presence law, rule and regulation in that area. So, in order to find out the answer of this question, the authors decided to conduct an analytic short communication using a search in the literature. As the main problem was emerged in Iran, besides reviewing International documents and conventions allocated to women, national – Iranian- literature such as academic papers, reports, newspapers and magazines were also searched. Comparing the written documents to real situations showed inconsistency; because although there was no limitation for participating women in such activities, the execution of laws has been failed. The barriers seem to be categorized in Macro and Micro levels which could be resolved by clarifying, defining and planning specific strategies in their related area. Obviously, in depth exploration of the major concept need qualitative studies.
Service Innovation in Case of Electromobility
Authors: Özdemir Feriha 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Studies show that electromobility will emerge in urban areas. As urban mobility solutions are changing, electromobility is intended with a big potential of sustainable innovation. Nevertheless, changing the mobility culture depends on certain requirements. According to Urri, the automobile development lies in breaking the dominant role of cars which results in a development deadlock. In order to change the mobility culture, the mental approach to mobility options and the infrastructural conditions need to be considered as two central factors. Future mobility isn´t about less mobility, but rather a different way of being mobile and using different types of mobility solutions.
This paper presents a research project that is based on the systemic-relational approach. It seeks to develop and introduce the conditions of electromobility in an urban area without a well-frequented local public transport by a networked innovation cooperation in four development areas. The central goal of this work is the integrated development of service innovation of technical and non-technical manner based on the network of project partners, the city council and the university. A change towards electromobility means changing infrastructure, market actors and business models. It signifies a change of social-cultural systems regarding mobility habits, practices and values. One of our main results show that the emotional perception by using experiences of electromobility has a positive effect on its social acceptability which raises the “flow factor” of electromobility.
Severity and Reasons Behind Religious Intolerance in Pakistan: Perceptions of Sunnis, Shias, Ahmadis, and Christians
Authors: Khan Taalia , Österman Karin , Björkqvist Kaj 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate a perceived severity of religious intolerance, and reasons behind it, among different religious groups in Pakistan. A questionnaire measuring religious intolerance was completed by 199 university students (females M = 23.8 yrs, SD 5.3, and males M = 24.6 yrs, SD 5.6) from four religious groups: Sunni, Shia, Ahmadi, and Christian. Questions regarding the severity of intolerance were included as well as the following seven scales measuring possible causes for it: impact of the school curriculum, lack of knowledge about other groups, impact of hate literature, lack of social justice, family background and peer pressure, media impact, as well as external power influence and history. Respondents of all groups agreed upon the severe level of religious intolerance towards Ahmadis. Regarding the other religious groups, opinions differed. Sunni respondents rated the seven causes for religious intolerance as lower than the others. Sunni and Shia respondents rated the impact of the school curriculum as the significantly most important reason behind religious intolerance, whereas the Ahmadis and Christians rated hate literature as the most important reason. The results suggest that there is a need for further research into social factors that could reduce religious intolerance in Pakistan. Views of different religious groups need to be taken in consideration.
Sick-Leave Due to Burnout Among University Teachers in Pakistan and Finland and Its Psychosocial Concomitants
Authors: Malik Naima Akhtar , Björkqvist Kaj , Österman Karin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The study examines sick leave due to burnout among 476 university teachers in Pakistan and Finland and its relationship with a number of psychosocial concomitants with the help of a web-based questionnaire. Sick leave due to burnout was significantly more frequent in Pakistan. An alarming finding was that 19.2 % of 26−35 year old Pakistani teachers had been on sick leave due to burnout, while in Finland, the percentage for this age group was zero. Results from a MANOVA revealed that good working conditions, social support at work, and promotion opportunities were all rated as significantly better by the Finnish sample. Workplace bullying was also significantly less frequent in Finland. The findings suggest that young university teachers in Pakistan are especially at risk of experiencing occupational stress and burnout.
A Named Entity Recognition Model Based on Multi-Task Learning and Cascading Pointer Network
Authors: Geng Chaoyang , Liu Peng , Li Yi , Zhao Jiejie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Because, the existing named entity recognition models lack the Specificity of the field, and most of their combine the prediction of entity Location and entity category, which results in the accumulation of errors. So, named entity recognition model based on multi-task learning and pointer network is proposed, and innovations are made in the task Construction and domain entity information utilization in the model of Named entity recognition. This model is based on Transformer with multi-Head attention mechanism, and decomposes traditional tasks in entity recognition tasks and entity classification tasks, and carries out multi-tasks Task learning to reduce the accumulation of errors between tasks. Model in this paper also uses the similarity calculation based on the Comprehensive description of the entity category in entity classification Task for better pertinence of the domain entity. Experiments are conducted on public datasets and domain datasets to prove the advancement of the Model.
A Datum Schemes Based on TOC Monitoring System
Authors: Jia Yuxi , Li Mei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Using the giant parallelism of photons to develop a new type of computer with more processor bits and data, the ternary optical computer, with the birth of the ternary optical computer SD 16 physical machine, the team built a monitoring system structure for task management, It is mainly used to deal with various complex data problems and provide parallel services for computing requests of multiple users. The storage of data in the monitoring system has also become a crucial issue. Based on the existing achievements of the team, this paper designs a data storage scheme for the management software of the ternary optical computer monitoring system, and finally summarizes and looks forward to the next research direction of the ternary optical computer data storage.
SSD Object Detection Algorithm Based on Feature Fusion and Channel Attention
Authors: Fan Leilei , Yu Jun , Hu Zhiyi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of low object detection accuracy due to complex background and insufficient semantic information of shallow features in the object detection SSD algorithm, this paper improves the existing SSD algorithm. First, the original vgg16 network is replaced by the ResNet50 network, and the residual network structure as well as the Batch Normalization layer are added, which are used to improve the accuracy of the feature extraction network; Second, a feature fusion module is designed to fuse adjacent feature maps to improve the detection effect by integrating contextual information; Third, the SE attention mechanism is introduced to give channel weights adaptively and enhance the useful feature channels; Finally, the object detection analysis experiments are conducted on the PASCAL VOC2012 dataset. The experimental results show that the improved SSD algorithm in this paper is able to achieve an mean average precision of 72.7% in the data set, which is 2.1% better than the original SSD-VGG16 and greatly improves the object detection effect.
Molecular characterisation and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from dairy farms in China
Authors: Ma Xiaojiao , Chen He , Wang Fulan , Wang Shuai , Wu Yating , Ma Xianlan , Wei Yong , Shao Wei , Zhao Yankun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction

Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is a pathogen causing bovine mastitis that results in considerable economic losses in the livestock sector. To understand the distribution and drug resistance characteristics of S. agalactiae from dairy cow mastitis cases in China, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out and the serotypes and drug resistance characteristics of the bacteria in the region were analysed.

Material and Methods
A total of 21 strains of bovine S. agalactiae were characterised based on MLST, molecular serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and the presence of drug resistance genes.

Results
The serotypes were mainly Ia and II, accounting for 47.6% and 42.9% of all serotypes, respectively. Five sequence types (STs) were identified through MLST. The ST103 and ST1878 strains were predominant, with rates of 52.4% and 28.6%, respectively. The latter is a novel, previously uncharacterised sequence type. More than 90% of S. agalactiae strains were susceptible to penicillin, oxacillin, cephalothin, ceftiofur, gentamicin, florfenicol and sulfamethoxazole. The bacteria showed high resistance to tetracycline (85.7%), clindamycin (52.1%) and erythromycin (47.6%). Resistant genes were detected by PCR, the result of which showed that 47.6%, 33.3% and 38.1% of isolates carried the tet(M), tet(O) and erm(B) genes, respectively.

Conclusion
The results of this study indicate that S. agalactiae show a high level of antimicrobial resistance. It is necessary to monitor the pathogens of mastitis to prevent the transmission of these bacteria.
Solutions of Problems Related to COVID-19 Pandemic with Application of Selected Logistic Technologies
Authors: Klapita Vladimír , Nedeliaková Eva , Valla Michal , Liu Xiquan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Covid-19 has brought about the development of the use of technological applications and initiatives to control the situation. The aim was to effectively monitor and eventually treat patients and facilitate the efforts of medical staff. This paper is the result of research into the possibilities of solving the problems caused by the Covid-19 pandemic by applying selected logistics technologies. The paper provides a new perspective on technologies and discusses possibilities for future research. The goal of the study is based on relevant existing research which examines in detail how five selected technologies can help in the fight against the pandemic. It defines the potential practical application of these technologies in the context of threats to public health. The main findings of this paper concern the application of logistics technologies considering these essential factors. The research characterizes the problems associated with using the proposed technologies, such as costs, time, legislative constraints, safety, and ethics. Proposals for the practical application of logistics technologies in solving pandemic-related problems must accept not only the legal framework but also the socio-ethical dilemmas that these technologies present.
Identification of the Impact of Transport Performance on the Economy of Particular Area
Authors: Poliak Miloš , Kubáňová Jaroslava , Zhuravleva Natalia Aleksandrovna , Jaśkiewicz Marek , Lakhmetkina Natalia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Transport is one of the most important economic sectors in the world. It is a fundamental and important element of a country’s GDP. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is considered one of the most important indicators of economic performance of a country. GDP can be compiled for both a country and a region. Changes in technology and economic structure of the production system of an area are the central issues of long-term economic growth according to the increase in the gross value added of a region. In this paper, the authors focus on finding out how the development of road freight transport performance affects the economy of a region. At the same time, they try to answer the question to what extent transport regulation can influence the economic development of an area. The research is mainly focused on EU policies aimed at regulating road freight transport.
Pendampingan dan Pengembangan Potensi Anak dalam Upaya Mencegah Perkawinan Usia Anak Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Desa Manggihan Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Adillah Siti Ummu , Taufik Moch , Purnawan Amin 
Published: May 2023

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pendampingan dan pengembangan potensi anak dalam upaya mencegah perkawinan usia anak-anak sebagai akibat terjadinya pandemi covid-19 dan untuk pengembangan potensi anak dalam penggunaan gadget dengan baik, positif, terarah dan produktif. Gadget selain sebagai sarana komunikasi, sekolah/belajar, dapat juga digunakan untuk berkreatifitas yang bisa mendapatkan penghasilan dan menambah sumber ekonomi keluarga. Pendampingan dan pengarahan penggunaan gadget untuk mencegah hal-hal negatif, sebagai upaya mencegah terjadinya perkawinan usia anak bagi generasi muda dan masyarakat Desa Manggihan Kecamatan Getasan Kabupaten Semarang. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan ini dengan menggunakan metode presentasi informasi atau sosialisasi dan pendampingan dengan pendekatan secara individu dan berdiskusi secara rileks on the spot. Hasil dari pengabdian masyarakay ini, yaitu penyebab perkawinan anak adalah ekonomi dan kemiskinan, nilai budaya dimana anak perempuan dianggap sebagai aset, anak perempuan pantang menolak lamaran, regulasi yang tidak berpihak pada anak perempuan, globalisasi yang berdampak negative pada remaja, ketidaksetaraan gender, kurangnya akses partisipasi dan pengambilan keputusan bagi anak perempuan. Dampak perkawinan anak, menjadikan rendahnya pendidikan anak, menimbulkan masalah ekonomi/kemiskinan, masalah kesehatan reproduksi, risiko KDRT, perceraian dan depresi pada anak, serta berdampak buruk bagi keturunan yang dilahirkan oleh pasangan anak. Pencegahan perkawinan anak dapat dilakukan melalui anak, keluarga, sekolah, lingkungan dan wilayah. perlunya meningkatkan ekonomi masyarakat, upaya menyadarkan pada orang tua akan pentingnya pendidikan bagi masa depan anak, mengubah budaya bahwa anak perempuan merupakan asset, tidak perlu sekolah tinggi-tinggi, anggapan kalau anak perempuan pantak menolak lamaran, dan sebagainya,
Work-Family Conflict, Support and Intention to Quit Among Kenyan Female Teachers in Urban Public Schools
Authors: Muasya Gladys 
Published: May 2023

Teaching is characterised by high reported levels of turnover and occupational stress. This study examined the nature of the relationship between work-family conflict (WFC), supervisorâ€™s and colleaguesâ€™ support, and intention to quit among female teachers with young children in Kenyan urban public schools. The specific objectives were to: 1) compare the intention to quit of female teachers working in the city of Nairobi vis-Ã -vis those working in secondary urban centres; 2) examine the relationship between intention to quit and WFC; 3) examine the relationship between support and turnover intention; and 4) assess whether support moderates the relationship between WFC and intention to quit. Data were collected by means of 375 self-administered questionnaires and analysed using t-test and hierarchical regression. Questionnaires were distributed to teachers in primary and secondary schools in secondary urban centres and in the Nairobi city. Results show that intention to quit was statistically higher among secondary school teachers, and teachers working in the city. There was a positive relationship between WFC that originates from work and intention to quit, but not between WFC that originates from family and intention to quit. There was a negative relationship between supervisorâ€™s support and intention to quit but not between colleaguesâ€™ support and intention to quit. Supervisor support did not moderate the relationship between WFC and intention to quit. Practical and theoretical implications of the study are also provided.
Practicality of Augmented Reality Books in Physics Learning: A Literature Review
Authors: Arzak Kirana Aureola , Prahani Binar Kurnia 
Published: May 2023

In the digital era, the rapid development of science and technology provides convenience in teaching and learning; media is needed to provide practicality in supporting learning. Augmented Reality media is a practical solution as a learning medium in visualizing a material when the learning process, especially in physics, requires more visualization for the concepts displayed. Objective: This research analyzes the practicality of augmented reality learning media in physics learning. Methods: Descriptive research using the literature review method to find out, identify, assess, and interpret related to the augmented reality book practicality research obtained from various sources such as journals, books, and the internet. The literature review method analyzes, identifies, and provides interpretation and evaluation of some existing research that is relevant to the research topic. Results: Through studies conducted using the literature review method, it can be found that: 1) Augmented reality in education has yet to be widely implemented and applied as a supporting medium for interactive education in schools. 2) The application of augmented reality is a practical solution for educators to support them in providing knowledge to students in addition to video conferencing. 3) The practicality of augmented reality books in physics learning is valid. 4) The use of augmented reality books in physics learning is considered to improve the quality of student learning. Novelty: Previous researchers have never done this research, which analyzes the practicality of augmented reality learning media in physics learning.
A Prospective Observational Study on Prevalence of Anemia, Associated Risk Factors and Outcome
Authors: Havugimana Phocas , Ndahimana Raphael , Babane Felix , Umutesi Ernestine , Ntihinyurwa Polyphile , Mushimiyimana Diane , Masaisa Florence , Ntabanganyimana Etienne 
Published: May 2023

Background: Admitted patients with anemia are at increased morbidity and mortality risk, as well as length of hospital stay. It affects more than 2 billion people worldwide and is causing significant morbidity and mortality. Its etiology is variable, with many predisposing factors including nutritional deficiencies, infections, malignancies, chronic inflammations, and other chronic diseases like autoimmune diseases, chronic liver disease, and chronic kidney disease. Methods: We performed a non-randomized, prospective observational study of 143 patients admitted to internal medicine between March and April 2021 and assessed their hemoglobin level in order to determine the prevalence of anemia. The demographic and clinical data were collected using a specially designed questionnaire. All patients found to have anemia were followed for outcome assessment (either discharge or death). Results: The prevalence of anemia was high (52.4%) among the 143 admitted patients in internal medicine at CHUK. Patients with HIV, cancer, and chronic kidney disease had a 5.84-, 4.11-, and 3.79-times higher risk of having anemia, respectively. In 75 patients who had anemia, 10 patients died; among them, 5 patients had severe anemia; 25 patients were 60 years old and above; 60 patients had normocytic anemia, and they had an average length of hospital stay of 20.6 days; for patients with severe anemia, the length of hospital stay was 28 days. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a high prevalence of anemia, which is associated with a high mortality rate among admitted patients in CHUK. Priority should be given to preventive medicine, optimal management of chronic disease, and geriatric medicine. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2022-04-02-05 Full Text: PDF