bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Degradable Antimicrobial Ureteral Stent Construction with Silver@graphdiyne Nanocomposite
Authors: Zhang Yang , Wang Lizhen , Wang Yan , Li Linhao , Zhou Jin , Dou Dandan , Wu Zebin , Yu Lu , Fan Yubo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the surgical treatment of urinary diseases, ureteral stents are commonly used interventional medical devices. Although polymer ureteral stents with polyurethane as the main constituent are widely used in the clinic, the need for secondary surgery to remove them and their propensity to cause bacterial infections greatly limit their effectiveness. To satisfy clinical requirements, an electrospinning‐based strategy to fabricate PLGA ureteral stents with silver@graphdiyne is innovated. Silver (Ag) nanoparticles are uniformly loaded on the surface of graphdiyne (GDY) flakes. It is found that the incorporation of Ag nanoparticles into GDY markedly increases their antibacterial properties. Subsequently, the synthesized and purified Ag@GDY is homogeneously blended with poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) as an antimicrobial agent, and electrospinning along with high‐speed collectors is used to make tubular stents. The antibacterial effect of Ag@GDY and the porous microstructure of the stents can effectively prevent bacterial biofilm formation. Furthermore, the stents gradually decrease in toughness but increase in strength during the degradation process. The cellular and subcutaneous implantation experiments demonstrate the moderate biocompatibility of the stents. In summary, considering these performance characteristics and the technical feasibility of the approach taken, this study opens new possibilities for the design and application of biodegradable ureteral stents.
SoilType: An R package to interplay soil characterization in plant science
Authors: Fritsche‐Neto Roberto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractYield is a complex quantitative trait whose expression is sensitive to environmental stimuli. Therefore, soil‐related information can increase the predictive ability of genotype's performances across different locations. However, soil information is not always readily available worldwide or before the site or plot level growing season. Thus, in the current version, this tool has two functions. The first function retrieves soil samples and soil (from WoSIS Soil Profile Database) near your target location. Then it predicts 13 soil characteristics (physical and chemical). If the number of samples per location is greater than five, the function uses random forest to predict soil characteristics otherwise it averages the information. The output is a table with the target location and its latitude and longitude coordinates—the number of samples used, the root mean square error (RMSE), and the R‐square for each prediction. From a couple of instances in a trial (location), the second function predicts soil characteristics at the plot level via random forest. The output is a table with the plot IDs, coordinates, number of samples used to make predictions, the RMSE and R‐square for each prediction, the trait predicted, and the predicted value. As a proof‐of‐concept, we used the first function in the LSU Rice Breeding multi‐environmental trials (24 locations), identified the most important soil covariates to determine rice yield, and then clustered the locations. This tool can support breeders in better allocating trials in advance, borrow information from other regions, identify the best variety for each location, reduce costs, and increase accuracy.
Spectrum of white matter abnormalities associated with FOXC1‐related disorders in two unrelated cases
Authors: Tabassum Tasnim , Maria Daniela D'Agostino , La Piana Roberta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to document the wide spectrum of white matter abnormalities associated with FOXC1 pathogenic variants. We report two adult individuals—a 60‐year‐old individual and a 24‐year‐old one, presenting with hearing loss, anterior eye segment dysgenesis, and very different severity of cerebral small vessel disease. Molecular testing documented the presence of FOXC1 pathogenic variants in both individuals. Our paper documents the broad spectrum of radiological white matter involvement in adult individuals with FOXC1‐related disorders. Mild forms of FOXC1‐related small vessel disease, as we observed in individual 2, should be included in the list of genetic mimickers of MS.
Diurnal fecal glucocorticoid metabolite rhythms in a cathemeral primate, the red‐bellied lemur (Eulemur rubriventer), and across mammalian species
Authors: Tecot Stacey R. , Ossello Gianna M. , Smith Paige G. , Rakotonirina Laingoniaina H. F. , Telo Albert , Rasendry N. Victor , Rakotonirina T. Emile , Peñaherrera‐Aguirre Mateo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMeasuring glucocorticoids is one of the most reliable and widely used techniques to monitor stress responses, however invasive techniques to collect plasma samples may not be applicable for wild populations. Monitoring excreted glucocorticoids is an effective noninvasive technique that researchers have used increasingly over the past two decades, and it has allowed the investigation of glucocorticoids in a variety of species with a range of activity patterns. Many species exhibit predictable circadian patterns of glucocorticoid secretion in accordance with their daily activity pattern. There remains a gap in our understanding of how excreted glucocorticoid metabolites vary throughout the day and across species, despite the utility of this information when developing sampling protocols and analyzing data. We investigated circadian patterns of glucocorticoid excretion in a cathemeral primate species, Eulemur rubriventer (red‐bellied lemur), in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar. We collected fecal samples from 10 individuals throughout the day and analyzed fecal glucocorticoid levels across three time points (Early, Midday, and Late), and again across two time points (Morning and Afternoon). We also investigated whether activity pattern, sex (as a control variable), and other traits associated with gut passage rate (diet, body mass) could help predict the presence and timing of circadian patterns of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites across mammal species. We found that fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels in E. rubriventer fluctuate throughout the day, with lowest levels in the morning and peak levels in the afternoon. None of the variables that we tested predicted whether daily fecal glucocorticoid metabolites changed significantly throughout the day, nor when levels were likely to peak, across species. We stress the importance of controlling for sampling time and reporting these results as standard practice in studies of fecal glucocorticoid metabolites.
Profiling baseline performance on the Longitudinal Early‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) cohort near the midpoint of data collection
Authors: Hammers Dustin B. , Eloyan Ani , Taurone Alexander , Thangarajah Maryanne , Beckett Laurel , Gao Sujuan , Kirby Kala , Aisen Paul , Dage Jeffrey L. , Foroud Tatiana , Griffin Percy , Grinberg Lea T. , Jack Clifford R. , Kramer Joel , Koeppe Robert , Kukull Walter A. , Mundada Nidhi S , La Joie Renaud , Soleimani‐Meigooni David N. , Iaccarino Leonardo , Murray Melissa E. , Nudelman Kelly , Polsinelli Angelina J. , Rumbaugh Malia , Toga Arthur , Touroutoglou Alexandra , Vemuri Prashanthi , Atri Alireza , Day Gregory S. , Duara Ranjan , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Honig Lawrence S. , Jones David T. , Masdeu Joseph , Mendez Mario F. , Womack Kyle , Musiek Erik , Onyike Chiadi U. , Riddle Meghan , Rogalski Emily , Salloway Steven , Sha Sharon J. , Turner Raymond Scott , Wingo Thomas S. , Wolk David A. , Carrillo Maria C. , Dickerson Bradford C. , Rabinovici Gil D. , Apostolova Liana G. ,   the LEADS Consortium
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe Longitudinal Early‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS) seeks to provide comprehensive understanding of early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD; onset <65 years), with the current study profiling baseline clinical, cognitive, biomarker, and genetic characteristics of the cohort nearing the data‐collection mid‐point.MethodsData from 371 LEADS participants were compared based on diagnostic group classification (cognitively normal [n = 89], amyloid‐positive EOAD [n = 212], and amyloid‐negative early‐onset non‐Alzheimer's disease [EOnonAD; n = 70]).ResultsCognitive performance was worse for EOAD than other groups, and EOAD participants were apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 homozygotes at higher rates. An amnestic presentation was common among impaired participants (81%), with several clinical phenotypes present. LEADS participants generally consented at high rates to optional trial procedures.ConclusionsWe present the most comprehensive baseline characterization of sporadic EOAD in the United States to date. EOAD presents with widespread cognitive impairment within and across clinical phenotypes, with differences in APOE ε4 allele carrier status appearing to be relevant.HIGHLIGHTS
Findings represent the most comprehensive baseline characterization of sporadic early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) to date. Cognitive impairment was widespread for EOAD participants and more severe than other groups.
EOAD participants were homozygous apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers at higher rates than the EOnonAD group.
Amnestic presentation predominated in EOAD and EOnonAD participants, but other clinical phenotypes were present.
Tri(ethylene glycol) modified HYC‐100 resin for lithium ion recovery from aqueous solution
Authors: Liu Shi‐Bo , Li Cheng , Li Deyuan , Zhao Shuguang , Song Leshan , Kuang Gui‐Chao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolymeric resin has shown great application in recovery the lithium ion from aqueous solution due to their structure's tunability and reusability. However, the conventional resins such as commercial HYC‐100 is suffering by its low lithium adsorption capacity and slow inclusion rate. Herein, a series of HYC‐100 modified resins (MRs) using oligo(ethylene glycol) as crosslinker were synthesized and their adsorption capacities for lithium ion in aqueous solution (pH 9.1, ionic concentration 500 mg/L, 25°C) were determined by adding 1 g resin to 500 mL lithium chloride aqueous solution. The new formed cyclic structure from oligo(ethylene glycol) provides lithium ion binding sites which play an important role for lithium ion adsorption. The tri(ethylene glycol) modified resin (3EGMR) showed the highest capacity to be 18 mg/g, which was three times more than that of HYC‐100 (5 mg/g). Therefore, Scale‐up experiment was conducted by using 20 L reactor and the adsorption capacity is satisfactory. This work might pave a new avenue to develop new polymeric resin to enhance the lithium ion adsorption performance.
Structure evolution and properties enhancement of polyamide‐6/polyamide‐1010 films under uniaxial and biaxial stretching
Authors: Lin Xintu , Liu Yuejun , Jin Ruijie , Peng Yong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe effect of stretching process on the structures and properties of the stretch‐oriented PA6/PA1010 film was investigated during the uniaxial and biaxial stretching. The results showed that the PA6/PA1010 cast film exhibited β‐form crystals, and the uniaxial stretching induced the β → α + γ phase transition and preferential orientation along the stretching direction, while the β → α phase transition and no preferential orientation were observed during the biaxial stretching process. Meanwhile, the melting temperature and crystallinity of PA6 in uniaxially and biaxially stretched PA6/PA1010 films were improved with the increasing stretching ratios, thus creating a much more tortuous pathway for the diffusion of oxygen molecules to enhance the oxygen barrier property of the stretched films after uniaxial and biaxial stretching. The morphological analysis showed that the PA1010 particles were oriented and deformed along the stretching direction and no obvious debonding and voids were observed at the interface. In addition, the mechanical properties of the stretched films were closely dependent upon the stretching ratios. It was found that the tensile strength of the biaxially stretched PA6/PA1010 films with stretching ratio of 3.5 × 3.5 in MD and TD exhibited about 1.7 times and 2.2 times higher than that of the PA6/PA1010 cast film, respectively.
Israeli‐Palestinian conflict: The archaic fraternal complex
Authors: Salaam Abdel‐Malek Hana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Israeli–Palestinian conflict is one of the world's most persistent and intractable conflicts. Despite extensive and in‐depth analyses to help understand and transform it, the parties have failed to reach sustainable peace. In this article, I extend group and family psychoanalytic theories to analyze the unconscious dynamics that potentially underlie this relationship, interpreting it in light of the biblical narrative of Abraham, his wives—Sarah and Hagar, and sons—Isaac and Ishmael. Using the above‐mentioned framework, I interpret the Israeli–Palestinian conflict over land as an enactment of the archaic fraternal complex, whereby each sibling unconsciously entertains the fantasy of returning to the maternal womb and aspires to be the exclusive owner of maternal space and the mother's phallus. Consideration of the archaic fraternal complex dynamics offers psychoanalytically oriented mediators an additional tool to understand conflicts, especially land‐related disputes. To work through intractable conflict, these mediators can help the belligerent parties perform the psychic work of trauma and primal mourning to stop enacting the fantasy of returning to the maternal womb and to accept symbolic castration. This work could contribute to the warring parties' ability to renounce their rigid ideological positions and seal new fraternal pacts under the aegis of the law of reason. Their fraternal complex would thus be transformed from archaic and talionic to symbolic and Oedipal.
Sihler's staining technique: How to and guidance for botulinum neurotoxin injection in human muscles
Authors: Yi Kyu‐Ho , Hu Hyewon , Lee Ji‐Hyun , An Min Ho , Lee Hyung‐Jin , Choi You‐Jin , Kim Hee‐Jin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Sihler's stain is a whole‐mount nerve staining technique that allows visualization of the nerve distribution and permits mapping of the entire nerve supply patterns of the organs, skeletal muscles, mucosa, skin, and other structures that contain myelinated nerve fibers. Unlike conventional approaches, this technique does not require extensive dissection or slide preparation. To date, the Sihler's stain is the best tool for demonstrating the precise intramuscular branching and distribution patterns of skeletal muscles. The intramuscular neural distribution is used as a guidance tool for the application of botulinum neurotoxin injections. In this review, we have identified and summarized the ideal botulinum neurotoxin injection points for several human tissues.
An object‐oriented approach toward two‐dimensional engineering mechanics
Authors: Ghosh Sunavo , Kundu Soumalya , Neogy Sumanta , Nandi Arghya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present work proposes an object‐oriented approach for the solution of problems in two‐dimensional engineering mechanics. New classes (in the terminology of object‐oriented programming) are proposed and implemented in the popular programming language ‘Python.’ These classes, along with the symbolic computation module of Python ‘sympy,’ enable one to reduce the solution of a large class of problems in undergraduate engineering mechanics to a set of Python statements. These statements are definitions of objects as instances of the proposed classes and calling of their relevant methods. If the thought process in the manual solution is represented by a flowchart, the present work can be viewed as a flowchart translator. As all the calculations are automatically performed, the present work relieves the student from the burden and fear of lengthy calculations. Different diagrammatic representations of velocity, acceleration, shear force, and bending moments are included for better physical understanding. It is believed that the proposed simple implementation would make problem‐solving and the learning process more enjoyable. Apart from a standard PC, the proposed work runs on a single‐board computer (tested in raspberry pi 4) and on an Android mobile device. A student feedback study ascertains the acceptability of the proposed method.
Chronic active Epstein–Barr virus and hydroa vacciniforme‐like lymphoproliferative disorder in a pediatric patient complicated by fatal ruptured cerebral artery aneurysm
Authors: Yi Troy , Steinberg Jeffrey , Olson Scott , El‐Said Howaida , Mo Jun , Anderson Eric , Gloude Nicholas , Schiff Deborah 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageHydroa vacciniforme‐like lymphoproliferative disorder (HV‐LPD) is a rare cutaneous form of chronic active Epstein–Barr virus (CAEBV) that presents with vesicular lesions induced by sun‐exposure. Arterial aneurysm is a rare but potentially fatal complication of CAEBV and HV‐LPD.
Photochemical Aminochlorination of Alkenes without the Use of an External Catalyst
Authors: Constantinou Constantinos T. , Gkizis Petros L. , Lagopanagiotopoulou Olga Thomais G. , Skolia Elpida , Nikitas Nikolaos F. , Triandafillidi Ierasia , Kokotos Christoforos G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe niche field of photochemistry offers opportunities that are not found in “traditional” ground state chemical pathways. Aminochlorinated derivatives are an interesting family of 1,2‐difunctionalised compounds that provide access to a variety of natural products and pharmaceutical active substances. A practical, catalyst‐free chloroamination protocol is described herein, providing access to intermediates of great importance, utilising mild and photochemical reaction conditions (370 nm), where N‐chlorosulfonamides are used as both nitrogen and chlorine sources. A wide variety of olefins, decorated with a plethora of functional groups, was tested providing excellent results (28 examples, 18–88 % yield). Mechanistic studies (UV‐Vis, control experiments and quantum yield measurement) were also performed.
Plasma TDP‐43 levels are associated with neuroimaging measures of brain structure in limbic regions
Authors: Bauer Christopher E. , Zachariou Valentinos , Sudduth Tiffany L. , Van Eldik Linda J. , Jicha Gregory A. , Nelson Peter T. , Wilcock Donna M. , Gold Brian T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe evaluated the relationship between plasma levels of transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP‐43) and neuroimaging (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) measures of brain structure in aging.MethodsPlasma samples were collected from 72 non‐demented older adults (age range 60–94 years) in the University of Kentucky Alzheimer's Disease Research Center cohort. Multivariate linear regression models were run with plasma TDP‐43 level as the predictor variable and brain structure (volumetric or cortical thickness) measurements as the dependent variable. Covariates included age, sex, intracranial volume, and plasma markers of Alzheimer's disease neuropathological change (ADNC).ResultsNegative associations were observed between plasma TDP‐43 level and both the volume of the entorhinal cortex, and cortical thickness in the cingulate/parahippocampal gyrus, after controlling for ADNC plasma markers.DiscussionPlasma TDP‐43 levels may be directly associated with structural MRI measures. Plasma TDP‐43 assays may prove useful in clinical trial stratification.HIGHLIGHTS
Plasma transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP‐43) levels were associated with entorhinal cortex volume.
Biomarkers of TDP‐43 and Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC) may help distinguish limbic‐predominant age‐related TDP‐43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE‐NC) from ADNC.
A comprehensive biomarker kit could aid enrollment in LATE‐NC clinical trials.
Bayesian model selection considering model complexity using stochastic filtering
Authors: Ameri Fard Nasrand MohammadAli , Mahsuli Mojtaba , Ghahari S. Farid , Taciroglu Ertugrul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a Bayesian model selection framework to determine optimal, parsimonious models for given building structures under ground motion excitation using stochastic filtering. Structural system identification at a regional scale after an earthquake is nominally a monumental task due to its inherently high computational cost. This challenge is currently addressed in the literature by using simplified structural models that bear analytical solutions, such as Timoshenko or shear beams, and shear building models. However, a low computational effort usually leads to an increased prediction error and consequently, a higher model uncertainty. This poses the dilemma of prediction accuracy versus model complexity when selecting a model class to represent a building structure. The proposed framework selects the model class that strikes the best balance between the two. To this end, the notion of cumulative evidence is introduced here as the integral of local evidence over the ground motion duration, which is then formulated as the difference between the cumulative likelihood of the observed measurements and the cumulative penalty. The likelihood measure promotes models whose predictions better match the observations. This is counteracted by the penalty, which is devised as an “Ockham factor,” and penalizes models with higher information gains due to their higher complexities, for example, a larger number of parameters. The proposed approach also yields the best tuning parameters of the stochastic filter for each model class and the best initial values of the identification parameters. The proposed framework is verified using a synthetic example, and validated using recorded data from the Millikan Library building in California and the ANX building in Japan.
Built lives: Khwajasaras, Jouno‐Karmis, and the Politics of Non‐Normative Kinship and Citizenship in South Asia
Authors: Hussain Salman , Dasgupta Simanti 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper examines how relationships are ‘built’ among khwajasaras [non‐normative non‐binary persons] and female jouno karmis [sex workers] in two sites in Pakistan and India respectively. We focus on the non‐normative nature of these relationships, first, to disassemble gender normativity itself; second, to argue that the colonial legacy of bureaucratic norming of kinship in South Asia, anchored in legal consanguinity and affinity on one hand, and territory and patriarchy on the other, erases these found relationships. Finally, in formulating what we term, ‘relative kinship’ –authenticating one's identity and belonging as a citizen typically through a male kin –we trace the current impetus in Pakistan and India to algorithmically converge biographies and biometrics to recalibrate citizenship. We ask, how may we understand the built lives of those deemed by the state to be legally out of place as ‘aliens’ or ‘foreigners’. Through the lens of kinship and gender modalities in marginalized communities, the article has wider implications for thinking about the kinship‐nation continuum and the ways in which one does or can belong, if at all.