bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carotid artery atherosclerosis: mechanisms of instability and clinical implications
Authors: Saba Luca , Cau Riccardo , Vergallo Rocco , Kooi M Eline , Staub Daniel , Faa Gavino , Congiu Terenzio , Ntaios George , Wasserman Bruce A , Benson John , Nardi Valentina , Kawakami Rika , Lanzino Giuseppe , Virmani Renu , Libby Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains a prominent cause of disability and premature death worldwide. Within this spectrum, carotid artery atherosclerosis is a complex and multifaceted condition, and a prominent precursor of acute ischaemic stroke and other cardiovascular events. The intricate interplay among inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, lipid metabolism, and immune responses participates in the development of lesions, leading to luminal stenosis and potential plaque instability. Even non-stenotic plaques can precipitate a sudden cerebrovascular event, regardless of the degree of luminal encroachment. In this context, carotid imaging modalities have proved their efficacy in providing in vivo characterization of plaque features, contributing substantially to patient risk stratification and clinical management. This review emphasizes the importance of identifying high-risk individuals by use of current imaging modalities, biomarkers, and risk stratification tools. Such approaches inform early intervention and the implementation of personalized therapeutic strategies, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes in the realm of cardiovascular disease management.
Functions of the Bloom syndrome helicase N-terminal intrinsically disordered region
Authors: Bereda Colleen C , Dewey Evan B , Nasr Mohamed A , Chirasani Venkat R , Sekelsky Jeff 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Bloom syndrome helicase (Blm) is a RecQ family helicase involved in DNA repair, cell cycle progression, and development. Pathogenic variants in human BLM cause the autosomal recessive disorder Bloom Syndrome, characterized by predisposition to numerous types of cancer. Prior studies of Drosophila Blm mutants lacking helicase activity or protein have shown sensitivity to DNA damaging agents, defects in repairing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), female sterility, and improper segregation of chromosomes in meiosis. Blm orthologs have a well-conserved and highly structured RecQ helicase domain, but more than half of the protein, particularly in the N-terminus, is predicted to be intrinsically disordered. Because this region is poorly conserved across metazoa, we compared closely related species to identify regions of conservation that might be associated with important functions. We deleted 2 Drosophila-conserved regions in Drosophila melanogaster using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and assessed the effects on several Blm functions. Each deletion had distinct effects. Deletion of either conserved region 1 (CR1) or CR2 compromised DSB repair through synthesis-dependent strand annealing and resulted in increased mitotic crossovers. In contrast, CR2 is critical for embryonic development, but CR1 is less important. Loss of CR1 leads to defects in meiotic crossover designation and patterning but does not impact meiotic chromosome segregation, whereas deletion of CR2 does not result in significant meiotic defects. Thus, while the 2 regions have overlapping functions, there are distinct roles facilitated by each. These results provide novel insights into functions of the N-terminal region of Blm helicase.
Modelling noise H/V spectral ratio in a laterally inhomogeneous layered medium
Authors: Sánchez-Sesma Francisco J , Weaver Richard L , Baena-Rivera Marcela , Arciniega-Ceballos Alejandra , Rodríguez-Zosayas Diana A , Perton Mathieu 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARY
Central to the task of seismic hazard assessment is the evaluation of potential amplifications due to site effects. The horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) of ambient seismic noise (ASN) is a widespread measurement to assess the predominant soil frequency of a given site and estimate the wave velocities of the subsoil stratigraphy using inversion schemes. In practice, the inversions are currently made, assuming flat layers. In fact, HVSR measurements may show significant lateral and azimuthal changes due to the spatial variations of local geology, which can introduce uncertainties into the characterization of a site. This suggests the importance of considering detailed measurements of lateral and angular variations in layered settings. Inversion of soil properties at depth for horizontally layered media has become feasible assuming that ASN constitutes a diffuse field, that is, produced by equi-partitioned uniform illumination and/or by random sources and the ensuing multiple scattering by heterogeneities. Under the diffuse field assumption (DFA), the HVSR have been modelled by calculating the imaginary parts of the Green's function (IMGs) when source and observer coincide at the same point. In this work we use the 3-D indirect boundary element method (IBEM) to model the HVSR for each independent horizontal direction referred to here as directional-HVSR for layered media with lateral inhomogeneity. The IMGs at the source required to get HVSR have locality properties that depend on frequency and may imply significant economies in the calculation. For simple models we modelled the IMGs approximately using an adaptive meshing scheme that accounts both for the locality of the problem and the diffraction properties of waves at low and high frequencies. The obtained directional-HVSR displays variations in both frequency and azimuth. The results also show that layer interface variations can lead to ‘spots’ of higher wave excitation associated to local resonant modes. This shows the importance of HVSR in forecasting earthquake response and suggests the need for denser field measurements to study lateral and azimuthal variability. In order to show the reality of directional-HVSR, field data from Chalco, a soft soil site at the southern part of the Valley of Mexico, have been preliminarily analysed.
UGT74B5-Mediated Glucosylation at ortho Hydroxyl Groups of Benzoic Acid Derivatives Regulating Plant Immunity to Anthracnose in Tea Plants
Authors: Li Caiyun , Wu Feixue , Yang Lei , Liu Nana , Zhang Xinfu , Qu Fengfeng , Gao Liping , Xia Tao , Zhao Lei , Wang Peiqiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Benzoates, particularly salicylic acid (SA) and its derivatives, play critical roles in plant immune responses and basal defense through hydroxylation and glycosylation. Anthracnose is one of the most common and devastating diseases in tea plants (Camellia sinensis). However, the role of SA and its derivatives in tea plant immunity and resistance to anthracnose remains largely unexplored. In present study, we identified and characterized a glycosyltransferase, CsUGT74B5, which was significantly downregulated in tea seedlings upon anthracnose infection. CsUGT74B5 was preferentially expressed in mature leaves and stem, and responded rapidly to exogenous SA treatment. Phylogenetic analysis suggested CsUGT74B5 might possess the catalytic activity toward benzoates. Enzymatic assays and molecular docking demonstrated recombinant CsUGT74B5 specifically glycosylated at the ortho hydroxyl groups of SA and 2, 6-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2, 6-DHBA), but did not glycosylate 2, 3-DHBA, 2, 5-DHBA or other substrates in vitro. Overexpression of CsUGT74B5 in Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) reduced SA level while promoting the accumulation of SA 2-O-β-D-glucoside (SAG), further validating the in vivo function of CsUGT74B5. Moreover, transient overexpression of CsUGT74B5 in two tea plant cultivars increased their sensitivity to anthracnose and accelerated lesion development, which was attributed to decreased SA levels. Overall, our finding demonstrated that CsUGT74B5-mediated biosynthesis of SAG regulated tea plant immunity against anthracnose by fine-tuning free SA levels, providing new progress into the immunity response of tea plants.
A common future for coastal peoples and seabirds facing extreme climatic events
Authors: Martin Tristan , Henri Dominique A , Martinez Laura-Maria , Chandelier Marie , Ardhuin Fabrice , Grémillet David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Extreme climatic events (ECEs) are increasing in frequency and severity due to climate change. These events disrupt coastal ecosystems and the livelihoods of &gt;2.5 billion coastal peoples around the world. Very few studies assess the combined impacts of ECEs on wildlife and people in coastal socio-ecosystems. Yet, such research is key to understanding and mitigating the effects of ECEs along the world’s coastlines. Seabirds are conspicuous and charismatic, and unite marine and terrestrial biomes. They are unique intermediaries of these socio-ecological systems and key ecological indicators of the broader social-ecological consequences of ECEs across coastal areas. As humans and seabirds will share a common future in the context of major environmental changes, we advocate for interdisciplinary research on the combined effects of ECEs on marine birds and coastal peoples. By incorporating climatological, ecological, social, cultural, and economic perspectives inclusive of multiple knowledge systems, the framework we provide aims to inform holistic and equitable conservation planning for resilient coastal socio-ecological systems in the context of ECEs.
Valorization of Dialium guineense fruit seeds as new hydrocolloid for food application
Authors: Sékou II Camara , Émilie Korbel , Lonsény Traore , Michel Havet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Processing Dialium guineense fruit pulp into soft drinks is currently the only value chain of this fruit in the Republic of Guinea. As for the seeds, they are entirely discarded in nature. This study aims to add value to these seeds by transforming them into seed powder and mucilage, and to assess the techno-functional potential of each of these products by analysing their physicochemical characteristics and functional properties. The results show a high proportion of seeds (over 58%), with a high level of mucilage extracted (21.08 ± 0.74%) from these seeds. Slightly acidic pHs (5.76 ± 0.01 and 5.57 ± 0.02, respectively) give seed powder and mucilage high emulsifying power. Seed powder and mucilage have high water retention capacities at 25 °C (3.97 g water/g DM and 6.68 g water/g DM, respectively), as do their swelling indices (617% and 650%). The colloidal stability of D. guineense fruit nectar is better ensured by seed powder, since from 1.5% seed powder, the sedimentation index is zero. D. guineense mucilage and seed powder (finely ground) can therefore be used to improve the colloidal stability of D. guineense fruit nectar, as well as for other food applications, notably as a thickener, emulsifier, and foaming agent.
Effect of germination time on in-vitro extractability, and bioavailability of GABA, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity of highland barley bread
Authors: AL-Ansi Waleed , Alkawry Talal Abdulrazzak Ali , AL-Qupati Adnan Abdo Mohammed , Fadhl Jalal Ahmed , Abdullah Abdulmageed Bagash , Mahdi Amer Ali , Al-Maqtari Qais Ali , Fan Mingcong , Li Yan , Qian Haifeng , Wang Li 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study assessed the impact of the duration of highland barley germination on the in-vitro extractability, and bioavailability of GABA, TPC, and antioxidants in highland barley bread. The highland barley was germinated for 24 hours (GB24), 48 hours (GB48), and 72 hours (GB72). Following the process of in-vitro digestion, the ability to extract GABA increased by 1.13, 1.25, and 1.52 times in GB24, GB48, and GB72, respectively, compared to before germination. Furthermore, the process of germination resulted in an increase in the amount of GABA that was available for absorption in GB24, GB48, and GB72 bread, with percentages of 81.67%, 88.20%, and 89.49% correspondingly, compared to 72.59% in NB samples. In the case of GB24, GB48, and GB72 bread, the process of germination raised the extractability of TPC by 1.43, 1.50, and 1.57 times, respectively. Additionally, it resulted in an increase in bioavailability by 79.92%, 83.59%, and 81.63% correspondingly. In the same manner, germination enhanced the extractability and bioavailability of antioxidants in all types of germinated highland barley bread. Thus, germination could serve as a recommended pre-treatment for highland barley before its inclusion in meals in order to augment the presence of these advantageous constituents.
Effect of Calcium on Pouch Processing Quality in Organic Dry Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and Comparison of Processing Quality in Cans and Pouches
Authors: Wang Weijia , Dolan Kirk D , Cichy Karen A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As consumer demand for organic dry beans increases, improvement of product quality is needed. Cooked organic beans are available to consumers in traditional cans or newer forms of pouches. While pouch-processed bean products are convenient, their product quality still lags behind canned beans, especially in organic products where additives like calcium chloride, used to maintain firmness, are discouraged. This study evaluated the impact of calcium chloride on the quality of pouch-processed organic beans and compared the quality of canned vs. pouch-processed beans. Adding calcium during hydration but not in brine can improve bean texture without compromising a clean label. Canning quality and pouch processing quality were positively correlated (R= 0.73, p &lt; 0.001), suggesting the bean varieties selected for canning quality can be used for pouch products. These findings can benefit the organic dry bean industry by providing methods to enhance the processing quality of organically produced dry beans.
Effect of in-barrel CO2 saturation level on morphology and structure development of milk protein extrudates
Authors: Arora Bindvi , Rizvi Syed S H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The combined effect of the operating pressure and supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) injection level on structure development during puffing of milk protein concentrate by supercritical fluid extrusion was studied. The extrudates were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, texture analyzer, and electrophoresis. Extrudates obtained with SC-CO2 injection rate corresponding to the equilibrium solubility demonstrated a highly porous structure (mean pore size &lt; 500 μm, mean pore wall thickness &lt; 40 μm). In contrast, both undersaturated and oversaturated conditions formed extrudates having fewer large irregular pores (mean pore size &gt; 700 μm, mean pore wall thickness &gt; 80 μm). Reduction in interfacial tension with increasing CO2 concentration favored homogeneous nucleation up to saturation CO2 levels, resulting in uniformly porous extrudates. SC-CO2 input rate above the saturation levels resulted in undissolved gas vacuoles in the melt, allowing dissolved CO2 to diffuse into them at die exit, favoring coalescence. These findings could have significant utility in designing novel milk protein-based puffed products of predefined structural and physicochemical properties.
Chitosan-zinc oxide-thyme oil-based edible antimicrobial hydrogel coatings. Application on pork and tofu sausages
Authors: Kollia Eleni , Kopsacheili Anna , Birlia Christina , Nikolaou Dionisia , Avdylaj Learda , Giannakas Aris E , Salmas Constantinos E , Tomasevic Igor , Brennan Charles , Proestos Charalampos 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chitosan (CS), zinc oxide (ZnO) and essential oils, have been widely researched for their potential in food packaging and preservation due to their ability to extend shelf-life. This study examined the effects of chitosan-poly-vinyl-alcohol-based (CS/PVOH) hydrogel coatings’, on the microbiological quality and shelf-life of pork and tofu sausages. The hydrogel coatings included ZnO grown on montmorillonite (ZnO@NaMt) and thyme-oil (TO) adsorbed in organically modified montmorillonite (TO@OrgMt) nanohybrids dispersed in CS/PVOH, based composite. The sausages were analysed for mesophilic, psychrotrophic, and lactic acid bacteria. Statistical tests were employed to assess the differences between groups. Pork sausages’ shelf-life was extended to 10 and 20 days for CS/PVOH/ZnO@NaMt, CS/PVOH/TO@OrgMt, and for pure CS, CS/PVOH coated samples, respectively. The bacteriostatic effect of CS/PVOH/ZnO@NaMt, CS/PVOH/TO@OrgMt, and CS/PVOH hydrogel coatings was observed after the 20th day. Mesophilic and psychrotrophic bacteria counts decreased, and tofu sausages’ shelf-life was also prolonged, indicating the coatings’ ability to extend shelf-life.
Combined effects of high-pressure processing, sodium salt and MTGase on textural characteristics of fish emulsion sausages from threadfin bream surimi
Authors: Sakamut Phatthira , Akkarapukjinda Boodsayapuk , Hongviangjan Worawan , Sompongse Warangkana 
Published: January 2025

Summary
The combined effects of high-pressure processing (HPP) and 0.1% microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) on the quality of threadfin bream surimi emulsion sausages with regular and reduced sodium chloride salt (2.5 and 0.5%) were investigated. Both regular and reduced salt sausages with 0.1% MTGase and HPP had the highest TPA parameters, cooking loss, and total expressible fluid. The myosin heavy chain (MHC) band of the MTGase sample disappeared but the upper gel showed a higher-molecular-weight polymer. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs indicated that the reduced salt sausages had larger pores than the regular type. The microstructure became honeycomb-like after HPP, with fewer pores and increased firmness. Both the regular and reduced salt sausages with 0.1% MTGase had denser, more uniform fibre structures. Following HPP, the protein network density increased while combining MTGase and HPP improved sausage texture.
Consecutive endopolyploidy levels in cells of Branchipus schaefferi Fisher, 1834 (Branchiopoda: Anostraca)
Authors: Rosales-Ruiz Alfredo , de la Herrán Roberto , Robles Francisca , Navajas-Pérez Rafael , Ruiz-Rejón José Carmelo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Endopolyploidy is a well-documented phenomenon in the natural world, yet its biological significance remains poorly understood. A multitude of effects and consequences have been described in the literature as being attributable to this phenomenon, yet none of them have been subjected to rigorous and well-established confirmation. The measurement of ploidy level is typically conducted using flow cytometry or densitometry techniques. Conversely, direct chromosome counting is a less frequently employed method. As a result, all published ploidy-level counts have been presented as even numbers. We describe the first ploidy level chromosome count in somatic cells of Branchipus schefferi Fischer, 1834, a common and one of the most abundant branchiopod crustaceans (Branchiopoda, Anostraca) widely distributed across Europe. The range of observed ploidy levels was found to vary from diploid to octoploid cells, including odd numbers (3n, 5n, and 7n), as well as different aneuploid numbers. It was furthermore observed that chromosomes at higher ploidy levels undergo an apparent telomere-binding process, leading to the appearance of interphase cells with a large nuclear volume. The possible origins of ploidy levels and the consequences of chromosome joining are discussed here.
Mortality after cancer diagnosis among children with congenital heart disease in Denmark and Sweden
Authors: Kampitsi Christina-Evmorfia , Kenborg Line , Mogensen Hanna , Broberg Olof , Glimelius Ingrid , Erdmann Friederike , Falck Winther Jeanette , Feychting Maria , Tettamanti Giorgio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Recent decades have witnessed tangible improvements in childhood cancer survival. However, the prognosis for children with congenital heart disease (CHD), the most prevalent birth defect, remains unclear. Due to improved survival of CHD and childhood cancer, evaluating outcomes within this intersection is important for clinical practice. We aimed to assess mortality post-cancer diagnosis among children with CHD.

Methods
We conducted a study on the population of Denmark and Sweden, born 1970–2014, with a cancer diagnosis before age 20 in the national cancer registers (end of follow-up 2015; n = 20,665). CHD diagnoses (n = 397) and recorded deaths were retrieved from national health registers. We evaluated the effect of CHD on five-year mortality post-cancer diagnosis fitting Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results
When excluding children with Down syndrome, children with CHD had a higher five-year mortality post-cancer diagnosis compared to children without (HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.18–1.86). This was particularly notable in children with lymphoma (HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.11–4.25) and neuroblastoma (HR 2.39, 95% CI 1.11–5.15). In more recent decades (post-1990), children with CHD had similar five-year mortality as their counterparts without, except for children diagnosed with lymphoma, where mortality remained elevated (HR 3.37, 95% CI 1.65–6.89).

Conclusions
In this large, register-based cohort study, children with CHD fared worse post-cancer diagnosis—particularly lymphoma and neuroblastoma. While a more positive trend emerged in recent years, lymphoma-related mortality remained disproportionately high among children with CHD, underscoring the need for continued research and interventions to improve outcomes for this vulnerable group.
Near-IR clumps and their properties in high-z galaxies with JWST/NIRCam
Authors: Kalita Boris S , Silverman John D , Daddi Emanuele , Mercier Wilfried , Ho Luis C , Ding Xuheng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Resolved stellar morphology of $z\gt 1$ galaxies was inaccessible before JWST. This limitation, due to the impact of dust on rest-frame UV light, had withheld major observational conclusions required to understand the importance of clumps in galaxy evolution. Essentially independent of this issue, we use the rest-frame near-IR for a stellar-mass dependent clump detection method and determine reliable estimations of selection effects. We exploit publicly available JWST/NIRCam and HST/ACS imaging data from CEERS, to create a stellar-mass based picture of clumps in a mass-complete sample of 418 galaxies within a wide wavelength coverage of $0.5{\!-\!}4.6\, \mu$m and a redshift window of $1 \lt z \lt 2$. We find that a near-IR detection gives access to a larger, and possibly different, set of clumps within galaxies, with those also detected in UV making up only 28 per cent. Whereas, 85 per cent of the UV clumps are found to have a near-IR counterpart. These near-IR clumps closely follow the UVJ classification of their respective host galaxies, with these hosts mainly populating the star-forming regime besides a fraction of them (16 per cent) that can be considered quiescent. The mass of the detected clumps are found to be within the range of $10^{7.5{\!-\!}9.5}\, \rm {\rm M}_{\odot }$, therefore expected to drive gas into galaxy cores through tidal torques. The clump stellar mass function is found to have a slope of $-1.50 \pm 0.14$, indicating a hierarchical nature similar to that of star-forming regions in the local Universe. Finally, we observe a radial gradient of increasing clump mass towards the centre of galaxies.