bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling: Procedural data from a German single-center study
Authors: Augustin Anne Marie , Detomas Mario , Hartung Viktor , Thurner Annette , Tröger Viola , Deutschbein Timo , Kickuth Ralph 
Published: May 2023

Purpose To assess radiation exposure and diagnostic performance of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling for the distinction of pituitary and ectopic adrenocorticotropin-dependent Cushingʼs syndrome.
Materials and Methods Procedural data of bilateral inferior petrosal sinus procedures were retrospectively evaluated. The analysis included the patients’ clinical and demographic data, procedural radiation exposure, and complication rates, sampling results, clinical course of the patients, and calculation of diagnostic performance data.
Results The cases of 46 patients diagnosed with adrenocorticotropin-dependent Cushingʼs syndrome were evaluated. Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling was successfully performed in 97.8 % of the cases. The overall median procedure-related fluoroscopy time was 7.8 min. (range 3.2–36.2 min.), and the median procedural dose area product was 11.9 Gy*cm2 (range 2.1–73.7 Gy*cm2). Radiation doses due to digital subtraction angiography series for visualization of the inferior petrosal sinus were 3.6 Gy*cm2 (range 1.0–18.1 Gy*cm2). Radiation doses due to fluoroscopy had a higher impact on the overall radiation exposure and were significantly influenced by the patients’ habitus. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 84 %, 100 %, 100 %, and 72 % before stimulation with corticotropin-releasing hormone, and 97 %, 100 %, 100 %, and 93 % after stimulation. Concordance between magnetic resonance imaging studies and bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling results was only found in 35.6 % of the cases. The periprocedural complication rate was 2.2 %, with one patient experiencing vasovagal syncope during catheterization.
Conclusion Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling is a safe procedure with high technical success rates und excellent diagnostic performance. The procedure-related radiation exposure shows large variations and depends on the complexity of cannulation as well as the patients’ habitus. Fluoroscopy accounted for the largest proportion of radiation exposure. Acquisition of digital subtraction angiography series for the verification of correct catheter placement appears justified.
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Factors Limiting Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnosis of Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Cheng CeCe , Ramsey Patrick S. , Byrne John J. , Katabathina Venkata S. , Ireland Kayla E. , Munoz Jessian L. 
Published: May 2023

Objective Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders are characterized by an abnormal adherence of the placenta to the uterine myometrium. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important adjunct in antenatal diagnosis. We sought to determine if there are patient and MRI characteristics that limit the accuracy of PAS diagnosis and degree of invasion.
Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of patients who were evaluated for PAS by MRI from January 2007 to December 2020. Patient characteristics evaluated included number of prior cesarean deliveries, history of dilation and curettage (D&C) or dilation and evacuation (D&E), short interval pregnancy less than 18 months, and delivery body mass index (BMI). All patients were followed until delivery and MRI diagnosis was compared with final histopathology.
Results Of the 353 patients with suspected PAS, 152 (43%) underwent MRI evaluation and were included in the final analysis. In patients who underwent MRI evaluation, 105 (69%) had confirmed PAS on pathology. Patient characteristics were similar between groups and not associated with accuracy of MRI diagnosis. MRI was accurate in diagnosing PAS and the associated degree of invasion in 83 (55%) patients. Accuracy was associated with lacunae (8 vs. 0%, p = 0.02), abnormal bladder interface (25 vs. 6%, p = 0.002), and T1 hyperintensity (13 vs. 1%, p = 0.002). Of the 69 (45%) patients in whom MRI was inaccurate, overdiagnosis was seen in 44 (64%) patients and underdiagnosis in 25 (36%) patients. Overdiagnosis was significantly associated with dark T2 bands (45 vs. 22%, p = 0.005). Underdiagnosis was associated with earlier gestational age at MRI (28 vs. 30 weeks, p = 0.049) and lateral placentation (16 vs. 2.4%, p = 0.025).
Conclusion Patient factors did not change MRI accuracy of PAS diagnosis. MRI is associated with a significant overdiagnosis of PAS when dark T2 bands are present, and underdiagnose PAS when performed earlier in gestation or when lateral placentation is present.
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Development of Enantioselective Lithium-Isothiourea-Boronate–Catalyzed Matteson Homologations
Authors: Jacobsen Eric N. , Essman Jake Z. , Sharma Hayden A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOur group’s discovery of lithium-isothiourea-boronate–catalyzed Matteson homologations is chronicled. Chiral thiourea dual–hydrogen bond donors were initially found to promote enantioselective dichloromethyl boronate rearrangements, albeit with poor reproducibility. Systematic investigations of the fate of the thiourea led to the discovery that lithium-isothiourea-boronate derivatives were being generated in situ as highly enantioselective catalytically active species. The optimal lithium-isothiourea-boronate catalyst displays significant generality in the rearrangement of primary alkyl migrating groups, affording synthetically valuable α-chloro boronic ester products with consistently high enantioselectivities. The catalyst is proposed to act as a structurally rigid chiral framework that precisely positions two lithium cations to enable a dual-lithium–mediated chloride abstraction.1	Introduction2	Reaction Development3	Discovery of Isothiourea-Boronate Catalysts4	Synthetic Application5	Mechanistic and Computational Studies6	Conclusions and Outlook
Myocarditis Screening Methods in Athletes After SARS-CoV-2 Infection
– a Systematic Review
Authors: Hofbauer Theresa , Humann Kathrin , Neidenbach Rhoia Clara , Scharhag Jürgen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis review aims to elucidate the myocarditis incidence in SARS-CoV-2-positive
athletes and to evaluate different screening approaches to derive sports
cardiological recommendations after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The overall incidence
of athletes (age span 17–35 years, 70% male) with myocarditis
after SARS-CoV-2 infection was 1.2%, with a high variation between
studies (which contrasts an incidence of 4.2% in 40 studies within the
general population). Studies that used conventional screening based on symptoms,
electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and cardiac troponin – only
followed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in case of abnormal findings
– reported lower myocarditis incidences (0.5%, 20/3978).
On the other hand, advanced screening that included cardiac magnetic resonance
imaging within the primary screening reported higher incidences (2.4%,
52/2160). The sensitivity of advanced screening seems to be 4.8 times
higher in comparison to conventional screening. However, we recommend
prioritization of conventional screening, as the economical load of advanced
screening for all athletes is high and the incidence of myocarditis in
SARS-CoV-2-positive athletes and the risk of adverse outcomes seems low. Future
research will be important to analyze the long-term effects of myocarditis after
infection with SARS-CoV-2 in athletes for risk stratification to optimally guide
a safe return to sport.
Synthesis and Optical Resolution of Inherently Chiral Fluorescent Calix[4]arenes and Their Application in Chiral Recognition
Authors: Luo Jun , Chung Wen-Sheng , Yang Fu-Ming , Chen Yi-Chieh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInherently chiral calix[4]arenes were separated by condensation with chiral auxiliary (S)- and (R)-1-phenylethylamine using column chromatography on silica gel; subsequent derivatization with click chemistry furnished compounds with fluorescent properties that can be used for chiral recognition.
The Impact of Voluntary Recall on the Trust of Loyal and First-Time Consumers in a High Awareness Brand After a Functional Transgression
Authors: Freundt Valeria L M A , Foschiera Luiza Venzke Bortoli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBrand transgressions might put at risk some of companies’ most important achievements: a high awareness brand and loyal customers’ trust. High awareness brands may suffer from the effects of a functional transgression on customers’ trust and perception regarding an organization’s capacity to keep its promises, as well as the relationship developed with loyal customers. A common outcome of a product functional transgression is government intervention asking for a product recall. The voluntary recall is an alternative to handle brand transgressions, but less common than mandatory product recalls. This paper adds to the literature by theoretically discussing and empirically analyzing how the relationship status of a first-time or loyal customer with a high awareness brand affects consumers’ trust after a functional transgression. Additionally, it examines the moderation effect of response to a functional transgression on the relation between trust’s components—competence, integrity, and benevolence. Through an experimental study 2 (company’s response: passive strategy; voluntary product recall) × 2 (relationship: loyal; first-time) × between-subjects design, the findings indicate that after a high awareness brand transgression, loyal consumers perceive greater competence, integrity, and benevolence in the brand than first-time consumers. When a transgression is followed by a passive strategy in which the transgressor company is aware of a malfunction and decides not to take any action to remediate the situation, loyal consumers have higher integrity and benevolence-based trust perception than first-time consumers. As voluntary recall takes place, loyal and first-time consumers’ perceptions of integrity and benevolence increase, and first-time consumers reach the same levels as loyal consumers, which suggests voluntary product recall is an effective trust recovery strategy for a high awareness brand.
Tunable S-band passively Q-switched thulium-doped fluoride fiber laser using Iron Phosphorus Trichalcogenide-PVA (FePS3-PVA) film
Authors: Azam Azim Danial , Ahmad Harith , Samion Muhamad Zharif , Nizamani Bilal , Sun Shufeng , Yasin M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This work shows the generation of Q-switched pulses in a thulium-doped fluoride fiber (TDFF) using a FePS3 saturable absorber (SA). The modulation depth of the FePS3 SA was 34.5%, with a saturation intensity of 0.551 kW cm−2. The Q-switched laser began at 70 mW pump power, sustained to 166 mW, having an operating wavelength of 1502 nm. Adjusting the pump power between that range allows for altering the repetition rate between 19.7 and 29.8 kHz. At 166 mW value of pump power, the laser showed a high signal-to-noise ratio ∼46 dB and was sustained over an hour with similar results obtained over 8 h. Tunability was achieved from 1450 nm to 1516 nm when a tunable bandpass filter was added. The reported FePS3 SA-based TDFF Q-switched laser can be utilized in the S-band region for photonics applications.
Characterization of the performances of commercial plastic scintillators in cryogenic environments
Authors: Biassoni M. , Caminata A. , Caprioli S. , Celentano A. , Davini S. , Marini A. , Sobrero G. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Plastic scintillators have become increasingly important in particle physics for time-of-flight and calorimetry measurements. Their light yield and the possibility of customizing their geometry make them also attractive for the construction of active vetoes in rare event physics experiments. For this purpose, some commercial plastic scintillators (purchased from Eljen Technology) were tested in cryogenic environments (liquid nitrogen and liquid helium). Their relative light yield was estimated by comparing the data acquired at room temperature with those acquired at cryogenic temperatures. Finally, estimates of the variation of the light yield at cryogenic temperatures were obtained.
Non-linear adaptive control inspired by neuromuscular systems
Authors: Schomaker L , Timmermans J , Banerjee T 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Current paradigms for neuromorphic computing focus on internal computing mechanisms, for instance using spiking-neuron models. In this study, we propose to exploit what is known about neuro-mechanical control, exploiting the mechanisms of neural ensembles and recruitment, combined with the use of second-order overdamped impulse responses corresponding to the mechanical twitches of muscle-fiber groups. Such systems may be used for controlling any analog process, by realizing three aspects: Timing, output quantity representation and wave-shape approximation. We present an electronic based model implementing a single motor unit for twitch generation. Such units can be used to construct random ensembles, separately for an agonist and antagonist ‘muscle’. Adaptivity is realized by assuming a multi-state memristive system for determining time constants in the circuit. Using SPICE-based simulations, several control tasks were implemented which involved timing, amplitude and wave shape: The inverted pendulum task, the ‘whack-a-mole’ task and a handwriting simulation. The proposed model can be used for both electric-to-electronic as well as electric-to-mechanical tasks. In particular, the ensemble-based approach and local adaptivity may be of use in future multi-fiber polymer or multi-actuator pneumatic artificial muscles, allowing for robust control under varying conditions and fatigue, as is the case in biological muscles.
Land use changes associated with declining honey bee health across temperate North America
Authors: Richardson Rodney T , Conflitti Ida M , Labuschagne Renata S , Hoover Shelley E , Currie Rob W , Giovenazzo Pierre , Guarna M Marta , Pernal Stephen F , Foster Leonard J , Zayed Amro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Urbanization and agricultural intensification continue to reshape landscapes, altering the habitat available to wildlife and threatening species of both economic and conservation concern. The honey bee, Apis mellifera, is a pollinator of economic importance to North American agriculture yet managed colonies are burdened by poor health and high annual mortality. Understanding the factors influencing this species is critical for improving colony health and supporting crop production. We used a nationwide cohort of 638 managed Canadian colonies to study the dominant drivers of colony health and overwintering mortality. We found that fall colony weight—a major predictor of overwintering survival—was strongly associated with landscape composition. Among four broadly defined land cover types, we discovered that urban and forested land covers were the least valuable sources of habitat for colonies, as inferred from fall colony weight measurements. Agricultural land appeared to provide habitat quality of slightly greater value, while herbaceous land cover was most strongly positively associated with fall colony weight. Herbaceous land cover also exhibited an associational effect size which was strongly statistically distinguishable from those of urban and forested land. Our research indicates that recent and ongoing land-use changes exacerbate modern apicultural challenges, and suggests variation in nutrition or floral resource availability plays a major role in modulating honey bee health. Our work highlights the need for additional research investigating whether land use change-associated alterations in floral resource availability increase the potential for resource competition between pollinator species.
Recovering hierarchies in terms of content similarity
Authors: Benatti Alexandre , F Costa Luciano da 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Several real-world and abstract structures and systems are characterized by marked hierarchy to the point of being expressed as trees. Since the study of these entities often involves sampling (or discovering) the tree nodes in a specific order that may not correspond to the original shape of the tree, reconstruction errors can be obtained. The present work addresses this important problem based on two main resources: (i) the adoption of a simple model of trees, involving a single parameter; and (ii) the use of the coincidence similarity as the means to quantify the errors by comparing the original and reconstructed structures considering the effects of hierarchical structure, nodes content, and uncertainty. Several interesting results are described and discussed, including that the accuracy of hierarchical reconstructions is highly dependent on the values of the uncertainty parameter as well as on the types of trees and that changes in the value of the content parameter can affect the accuracy of reconstructing hierarchies.
Neither express nor implied: rethinking governing law of the arbitration agreement
Authors: Ling Andrew 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
What law governs the arbitration agreement is a dividing issue in international arbitration. This Article critically examines three prevailing approaches from both an empirical and theoretical perspective. Using arbitral institutions’ statistics, the Singapore Academy of Law’s survey, and public filings of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, it evaluates whether the prevailing approaches are consistent with commercial practices of drafting international arbitration agreements. The Article concludes that treating law of the seat as the default governing law of the arbitration agreement, in the absence of an express choice of law for the arbitration agreement, is the most ideal approach.
Protecting Life or Managing Risk? Suicide Prevention and the Lure of Medicalized Control
Authors: Kinghorn Warren 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Suicide is a leading cause of death in the United States and in many other parts of the world. As such, suicide is frequently framed as a medical and public health problem for which solutions are best recommended by medical and public health authorities. While, medicalized suicide prevention strategies often resonate with traditional Christian commitments to preserve life and to discourage suicide, there is little evidence to date that medical approaches to suicide risk-reduction decrease population rates of suicide. Further, by treating suicide as a phenomenon that can be eliminated through technical managerial control, modern suicide prevention efforts construe suffering persons as carriers of risk best managed by standardized and often dehumanizing environments of care. This emphasis on the medical management of risk also erodes the clinician–patient relationship and inappropriately centers medical (e.g., systematic health screenings) rather than non-medical (e.g., access to housing) forms of response. Although, medicalized suicide prevention efforts should not be dismantled, those working to prevent suicide would do well to prioritize a positive commitment to human dignity and worth and to engage social and political systems beyond medicine and public health, while drawing on specific contributions that clinicians can offer.
Magnetic sphincter augmentation may limit access to magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Latorre-Rodríguez Andrés R , Aschenbrenner Emma , Mittal Sumeet K 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) is an alternative surgical treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease; however, &gt;1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is contraindicated for patients who have undergone MSA with the LINX Reflux Management System (Torax Medical, Inc. Shoreview, Minnesota, USA). This drawback can impose a barrier to access of MRI, and cases of surgical removal of the device to enable patients to undergo MRI have been reported. To evaluate access to MRI for patients with an MSA device, we conducted a structured telephone interview with all diagnostic imaging providers in Arizona in 2022. In 2022, only 54 of 110 (49.1%) locations that provide MRI services had at least one 1.5 T or lower MRI scanner. The rapid replacement of 1.5 T MRI scanners by more advanced technology may limit healthcare options and create an access barrier for patients with an MSA device.
Chronotropic incompetence and exercise capacity after cardiac surgery with left atrium incision
Authors: Kanazawa M , Toyoda M , Takahashi H , Honjo H , Takahashi S , Sawada S , Funaki T , Kagaya Y , Saito H , Sato K , Kondo M , Miura M , Endo H , Oda K , Nakamura A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
Chronotropic incompetence (CI) is sometimes observed during exercise training of cardiac rehabilitation in patients who underwent cardiac surgery, however, little is known which factors affect to the incidence of CI and exercise capacity of those patients.

Purpose
Because the possibility exists that cardiac sympathetic nerves might be impaired by surgical procedure, moreover CI is sometimes observed in patients after mitral valve surgery, we hypothesized that the incidence of CI was higher in patients with left atrium incision (LAI) during surgical operation as compared with those without LAI. And if so, which factor determines the exercise capacity of patients after cardiac surgery with LAI. We thus aimed this study to elucidate the hypothesis with cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX).

Methods
We performed CPX in total 153 patients who had undergone elective cardiac operation (45 patients with LAI, age 60.5±11.0; 108 patients without LAI, age 62.0±11.7). We analyzed chronotropic response index (CRI), peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2/W), anaerobic threshold (AT), and peak oxygen pulse (peak VO2/HR) with CPX, echocardiography, and blood hemoglobin concentration (Hb).

Results
The value of CRI was significantly reduced in the patients with LAI as compared with those without LAI (with LAI 0.24±0.22 vs. without LAI; 0.44±0.18, p&lt;0.001). Exercise capacity such as peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2), anaerobic threshold showed no significant difference between two groups. In patients with LAI, peak VO2 showed significant correlations between peak oxygen pulse (peak VO2/HR; r=0.36, p&lt;0.05), Hb (r=0.40, p&lt;0.01) and left atrium dimension (LAD) measured by echocardiography (r=-0.54, p&lt;0.001).

Conclusions
The present study demonstrated that higher incidence of CI was shown in patients with LAI as compared with those without LAI. Moreover peak VO2 of patients with LAI showed significant correlations with peak VO2/HR, Hb and LAD. These results suggest that 1) left atrium incision impairs cardiac sympathetic nerves and causes CI, 2) peak VO2/HR and Hb which is essential element of oxygen pulse are important factors for exercise capacity in patients after LAI with CI. Left atrium enlargement may indicates pre-operative damages of left atrium, 3) LAD which may indicate left atrium function, also is an important factor of exercise capacity in those patients.