bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model of qualification for physical therapy program: experiences from the Mental Health Support Centre in Tarnowskie Góry, Poland.
Authors: Szczegielniak A. R. , Smolarczyk J. , Pudlo R. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIn terms of physical and mental health benefits, psychiatric rehabilitation requires diverse therapeutic activities offered by an interdisciplinary team. In order for patients to be able to fully participate in social life, it is necessary to strengthen health-promoting activities, control the symptoms and side effects of pharmacological treatment, effectively manage resources and counteract interpersonal and environmental barriers caused by disability. Physical activity and exercise programs answer both psychosocial and biological aspects of health leading to higher self-efficacy, lower self-perceived stigma, longer lifespan and overall better quality of lifeObjectivesThe aim of this study is to present qualification process of adult patients for physical therapy program at the Mental Health Support Centre’s (Centrum Wsparcia Zdrowia Psychicznego, CWZP) daily rehabilitation unit in Tarnowskie Góry.MethodsAdult patients with diverse diagnoses (schizophrenia, affective disorders, anxiety disorders or organic mental disorders) and varied degree of functioning who met the admission criteria were accepted to the ward for a period of 12 weeks. During the stay, a wide range of therapeutic activities was offered, including individual psychological support, group work, art therapy, relaxation sessions, culinary/ dietary workshops, individual training and general fitness group exercises, as well as cognitive training (also via computer-based programs). Due to the COVID-19 epidemic, some of the activities have been limited.ResultsPhysical exercises, just as any treatment, should be offered in appropriate doses. Patients with mental disorders, especially severe mental illnesses, experience many barriers in engaging in physical activity and are under a greater risk of sedentary lifestyle. Thus, for the qualification, exercise tolerance assessment was performed in the form of 6-min Walk Test (6MWT) with Borg scale for subjective fatigue. Through aerobic capacity and endurance assessment patients’ respiratory system, cardiovascular system, and neuromuscular system functions can be evaluated. Functional fitness was assessed through 3 elements of Senior Fitness Test (SFT) (Back Scratch test, Up and go test, Chair Sit-and-Reach test) along with Romberg Test to evaluate the static and dynamic balance as well as flexibility of the upper and lower body.ConclusionsProperly planned and carried out qualification for the physical therapy program allows to adjust the activities to the needs of the patient. Additionally, it can be a tool to evaluate the achieved results at the end of the rehabilitation process.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
A systematic review and meta-analysis on the main purpose of diagnostic classification systems and their utility for various purposes
Authors: Vrigkou E. , Stamatakis R. , Umla-Runge K. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe development of the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases has rekindled the research interest surrounding diagnostic classification systems (DCSs). According to expert consensus, the main purpose of DCSs is to provide guidance in clinical practice. There are no reviews in the international literature, however, assessing what mental health practitioners believe is the main purpose of DCSs.ObjectivesThe aims of this systematic review were to assess what mental health professionals think is the single most important purpose of DCSs and how they rate DCSs’ utility for various purposes. All DCSs were considered.MethodsTwo separate searches were conducted in Medline Via Ovid and PsycInfo: one for articles assessing the main purpose of DCSs according to mental health professionals and one for studies on how practitioners rate the utility of DCSs for various purposes. The first search revealed eight articles on the main purpose of DCSs and the second three articles on how practitioners rate their utility for various purposes. The total number of participants from all included studies for the first search was 9,276 and for the second 2,363. The studies included clinicians from a wide range of world regions, languages, and income-level countries.ResultsThe results of the meta-analyses for the first search showed that 44% (95%CI=38-49%) of the responders believe that the main purpose of the DCSs is facilitating inter-clinician communication, 20% (4-35%) to inform treatment decisions, 14% (11-16%) to aid the communication between clinicians and patients, 11% (4-18%) to reflect on aetiology/pathogenesis, 9% (2-16%) to facilitate research, 4% (2-7%) to provide a national statistical base and 1% (0.1-2%) to indicate prognosis. Regarding how responders rate the utility of DCSs for various purposes, the highest ratings were given for meeting administrative requirements and inter-clinician communication in the two of the three included studies, and clinical diagnosis and training in the third.Conclusions“Inter-clinician communication” was the most voted purpose of DCSs and was rated relatively high in the tier of DCSs’ clinical utility. In contrast, “inform management decisions”, even though it was voted as the second most popular purpose of DCSs, was placed on the bottom of the rating tier of DCSs’ clinical utility. Interestingly, none of the included studies asked the responders whether “making a diagnosis” is the main purpose of DCSs. Further research is needed to assess what mental health professionals expect from DCSs, so as to improve their clinical utility in the future.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Composite structure of human mind revealed by HuPoTest
Authors: Dragan G. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionHuPoTest is a mental test and training procedure as well discovered incidentally in 1967 during developing color photos in complete dark in successive baths for seconds. I observed that I was able to count seconds mentally with high repeatability. I was curious to check my skill by comparing my count with a commercial stopwatch with the help of another person. The results were very interesting, so I extending progressively this experiment to other persons and I was able to establish the correlation between more and more calculated parameters with the particular psychic patterns of the persons under test (PUT). In fact, HuPoTest is a calibration of personal mental-timer compared to a standard stopwatch. I test myself periodically and the results are published (Dragan, GDF Databanks Bull., 2021; 25(6), 1-4).ObjectivesStudy of a large variety and number of systems in transformation revealed their composite structure, namely these have one component in transformation (Ctr) and an inert one (Cin) (Dragan, GDF Databanks Bull., 2011; 15(2), 1-19).This is the case of the human mind which is in permanent transformation, i.e. in continuous more or less coherent thinking. HuPoTest can establish the size of Ctr, Cin, ctr – the size of kinetic unit constituting Ctr and the coupling strength (CS) between Ctr and Cin.MethodsPUT has to count mentally 5, 10, 15 and 20 seconds for 8-10 times each value by using a standard stopwatch and comparing the statistically retrieved matrix of measured values with the above mentioned imposed standard values. I was able to test face-to-face approximately 4000 persons during more than 50 years by collecting a huge databank. I explained in many publications the exact procedure, the majority of calculations and the significance of the resulted parameters by correlating the obtained results with the PUT mental pattern (Dragan, GDF Databanks Bull., 2019; 23(1) 1-6).ResultsThe final results obtained by myself in the period of 28.05 – 03.07.2022 (A to CII) with overall of 48 tests are presented in attached figures by using a standard stopwatch created by Mihai Dornea developer at National Instruments on LabView® platform with an accuracy of 10 μs. Four distinct behaviors are revealed showing the good evolution of mind by decreasing Ctr and CS and increasing ctr by correct and continuous training.Image:ConclusionsHuPoTest is a highly efficient test and mental training procedure as well applied periodically in view to achieve a good and stable mental performance ensuring also a stable and good body health according to the well known quotations “sound mind in sound body” and "mind is the builder and body is the temple”. Such mental training becomes absolutely necessary taking into account that the survivors of the already started global war culminating at around 2035 will be persons with properly trained minds. I am available without any obligation for help anyone willing to try and practice HuPoTest.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
LATE ONSET PSYCHOSIS AND VERY LATE ONSET PSYCHOSIS: WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE ETHIOLOGIES?
Authors: Ramos A. C. , Martins S. C. , Afonso T. M. , Santos N. B. , Gonçalves P. , Maia T. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPsychotic symptoms have long been known to show up earlier in life, typically during adolescence and early adulthood. Late Onset Psychosis (LOP), in which symptoms start between 40 and 60 years of age, and Very Late Onset Psychosis (VLOP), in which onset of symptoms happens after 60 years of age, although classically rare, have had a growing prevalence in the last decades.ObjectivesTo access the definition and main etiologies of LOP and VLOP, based on the current literature.MethodsNon-systematic review of literature using the terms “late onset psychosis” and “very late onset psychosis”. Case report of a patient who was admitted and treated in our inward patient field.Results51-year-old female patient. She is divorced (two previous marriages) and has two daughters (26 and 16, respectively). She was brought by police officers because of behavior problems at the shelter where she was living. She was evicted from the house she was living in because of delay in paying the rent. On observation, she verbalizes persecutory and prejudicial delusions and auditory hallucinations on the 2nd and 3rd person (commenting voices) with at least 5 years of duration. She was hospitalized for almost 3 months, with slow but progressive clinical improvement on haloperidol 7,5mg/day. At the date of discharge, she did not spontaneously verbalize her symptoms, although she did not recognize them as delusional. Recent studies have shown that the prevalence of Schizophrenia in the typical age range is 75-80%, which means that an important proportion of diagnosis is made after that age span. Primary causes of LOP and VLOP are schizophrenia (of late onset), schizophrenia-like very late onset psychosis, delusion disorder, unipolar depression with psychotic symptoms and bipolar disorder. Secondary causes should also be considered, such as delirium, dementia (Alzheimer’s, Lewi bodies and vascular), and substances abuse; even more rare, other conditions should be considered, as cerebrovascular accident, encephalitis, epilepsy, and multiple sclerosis.ConclusionsLOP and VLOP have been a growing diagnosis in the past decades. In the assessment of these patients, we must consider the importance of secondary etiologies besides the primary psychiatric ones. Primary psychosis is a diagnosis of exclusion, and the clinician must rule out secondary causes. Recent data point out these symptoms as markers for an increased risk of dementia in these patients. Further research involving individuals with LOP and VLOPs is required to increase the evidence base for treatment and improve outcomes of care.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
DIMENSIONAL DIAGNOSIS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Cusenza A. S. , Zebi L. , Menculini G. , Grignani M. , Fontana F. , Tortorella A. A. V. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe use of diagnostic categories, although useful, fails in capturing the psychopathological complexity of the individual case. As for schizophrenia spectrum disorders, positive symptoms are not always included in the presentation, so further dimensions should be considered for a correct diagnosis.ObjectivesTo describe the importance of dimensional diagnosis in schizophrenia spectrum disorder based on a clinical experienceMethodsWe report the case of a late-onset schizophrenia spectrum disorder with an affective presentationResultsI. is a 44-year-old woman who accessed the Community Mental Health Center due to subjective memory complains. After clinical evaluation, depressive symptoms and circadian rhythm disturbances emerged. The patient also reported dissociative experiences, which emerged after her brother’s death. She underwent a neurological visit that excluded the possible early manifestation of a neurodegenerative disorder. Quetiapine was at first prescribed, due to the possible action on both insomnia and mood symptoms, with insufficient response. After a few visits, a deeper mental state examination revealed the presence of delusions. The patient also reported having experienced hallucinations. Psychotic symptoms appeared to be persistent and pervasive. We changed the antipsychotic to full-dose olanzapine, with good response. After a six-month observation, the patient was diagnosed with schizophrenia.ConclusionsThe diagnosis of late-onset schizophrenia should take into account clinical history, drugs response, and the evaluation of different psychopathological dimensionsDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Risk assessment of agressive behavior in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder : a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mellouli A. , Charfi N. , Gassara I. , Smaoui N. , Omri S. , Feki R. , Zouari L. , Maâlej M. , Ben Thabet J. , Maâlej Bouali M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPsychotic disorders have been consistently associated with aggressive behaviors. Psychiatrists are frequently asked to perform assessment regarding potentially aggressive patients. Thus, many psychometric instruments can be useful for identifying the risk of violence and thereby offering appropriate treatment for these individuals.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to assess the risk of agressive behavior in inpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and to determine its correlates.MethodsUsing face-to-face interviews, inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder, in psychiatric department of the University Hospital in Sfax (Tunisia) were included in this cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study, carried out between novembre 2020 and octobre 2022.The modified overt aggression scale (MOAS) and historical clinical risk management-20 (HCR-20) questionnaire were used for data acquisition. The HCR-20 score of 20 was used as threshold to divide the sample to violent patients (scoring>20) and non-violent patients (scoring ≤ 20).ResultsThe sample consisted of 60 male inpatients. The mean age was 38.23± 10.37 years.In our sample, 68.3% were single, 35% didn’t reach the secondary educational level, 16.7% used psychoactive substance(s), 35% had prior criminal record, 30% had a history of suicidal attempt and 81.7% had previous hospitalization.The mean score of MOAS was 13.08±8.19. The mean total HCR-20 score was 19.25±5.26. The Historical, Clinical and Risk Management subscales showed mean scores of 8.33±2.96, 5.62±1.89, and 5.28±2.42, respectively.The violent patients represented 45% of the sample.The mean scores of the items H3, H10, C1, C2, C4 and R5 of HCR-20 were respectively : 1.33±0.79, 1.20±0.77, 1.22±0.88, 0.38±0.71, 1.30±0.64 and 1.28±0.73.There was no statistical difference between the two groups in socio-demographic factors.A history of suicidal attempts was significantly more common in the group of violent patients (p=0.029).Regarding the HCR subscales, H3 score (relationship instability) and H10 score (Prior supervision failure) were significantly higher among violent patients (p=0.018 and 0.003 respectively). The C1 score (lack of insight), the C2 score (negative attitudes) and the C4 score (impulsivity) were also significantly higher among violent patients (p=0.016, 0.009 and 0.005 rescpectively).The item R5 (stress) of the risk management subscale was significantly higher in the group of violent patients (p=0.003).The total MOAS score detected severe agression in the nonviolent group (p=0.031).ConclusionsOur study suggests the efficacy of HCR-20 in identifying and distinguishing between violent and nonviolent patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The use of such reliable instrument in clinical psychiatric settings should be encouraged.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Schizophrenia and myasthenia gravis: a case report
Authors: Bošnjak Kuharić D. , Sabo T. , Jambrošić Sakoman A. , Herceg M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDespite a variety of pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions, treatment of schizophrenia can still be challenging, even more when certain comorbidities are present. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junctions caused by antibodies against acetylcholine and tyrosine kinase. While co-occurrence of schizophrenia and MG is rare, treatment can be complicated as specific treatment of one condition can lead to worsening of other (e.g. anticholinergic side effects of psychopharmacotherapy, psychiatric side effects of corticosteroids).ObjectivesTo discuss treatment difficulties in the case of a patient with schizophrenia and multiple somatic comorbidities, including MG.MethodsA case report and a review of literature.ResultsWe report a case of a 50-year-old female patient who was admitted to psychiatric hospital due to psychotic decompensation presented with dysphoria, paranoid delusions, agitation, verbal aggression and hostility. Clinical presentation and psychopharmacological treatment were complicated with her comorbid disorders, MG, which was recently treated because of a relapse, and hypothyroidism, which worsened as she neglected her regular check-ups. Multidisciplinary approach was needed to control the symptoms of her comorbid disorders, which, especially MG, limited psychopharmacological options. Combination of antipsychotics (aripiprazole, haloperidol) and mood stabilizer (sodium valproate) led to clinical improvement of psychotic symptoms. However, poor insight remained- the patient insisted on demission and was not interested in suggested psychotherapeutic and sociotherapeutic programs.ConclusionsIn complex cases like this, multidisciplinary approach is essential for adequate treatment of both psychiatric and comorbid somatic disorders. Conditions like MS can prolong treatment or even worsen the symptoms of a psychiatric disorder, especially since they limit the use of psychopharmacotherapy. Due to this, psychotherapeutic interventions could be even more important to keep a stable remission with a good insight and adherence to both psychiatric and somatic treatment.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
EFFECT OF EMDR THERAPY ON POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS SYMPTOMS, SYMPTOM SEVERITY AND ANXIETY LEVEL IN PSYCHOTIC PATIENTS WITH AT LEAST ONE TRAUMATIC EVENTS
Authors: Yıldız E. , Yıldız Z. Z. , Karadağ M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionEye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a powerful psychotherapy approach developed by Francine Shapiro in 1987 when she realized that rhythmic eye movements reduce disturbing thoughts. The effectiveness of the therapy has been proven by many studies after its discovery. EMDR, which was initially used only in the treatment of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, has become a treatment option used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders of more than 2 million people today. EMDR, which is used today, contains elements from many therapy schools andconsists of a phased protocol (Shapiro, 2018). Increasing evidence acknowledging the relationship between trauma and psychosis indicates that EMDR can be a vital addition to the treatment of psychosis (Sin & Spain, 2017; Valiente-Gomez et al., 2017). However, the effect of EMDR on psychosis has not yet been sufficiently clarified. There is alsoIt has not yet been clarified whether the curative effect on the psychotic symptoms or on the anxiety symptoms.For this reason, in our study, the effect of EMDR on these symptoms will be investigated by comparing the case and control groups.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the effect of EMDR therapy on post-traumatic stress symptoms, schizophrenia symptom severity and anxiety level in psychotic patients with at least one traumatic event.MethodsThis study is a randomized controlled, prospective follow-up study aiming to evaluate the effect of EMDR therapy on post-traumatic stress symptoms, schizophrenia symptom severity and anxiety level in psychotic patients with at least one traumatic event.Written informed consent to participate in the intervention study will be requested from all patients who meet the inclusion criteria. Consent participants receive pre-treatment (T0) measurements. After T0, participants will be randomized to EMDR or waiting list Participants will be randomly assigned to 26 people in each group. These groups will be made by the independent randomization bureau of the Parnassia Institute of Psychiatry using the scientific randomization program on the Internet (www.randomizer.org).ResultsThe effects of EMDR therapy on posttraumatic stress symptoms, schizophrenia symptom severity and anxiety level in psychotic patients were obtained from pretest and posttest measurements.ConclusionsMore studies are needed on the effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared