bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in essential oils encapsulation: development, characterization and release mechanisms
Authors: Yammine Jina , Chihib Nour-Eddine , Gharsallaoui Adem , Ismail Ali , Karam Layal 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent developments in micro and nanoencapsulation are promising tools to encounter the different limitations of essential oil formulations, enhance their functionalities, and protect them from the external environmental conditions. This review addresses the current studies and progresses related to the development of encapsulated essential oils using different systems and carrier material types. It also focuses on the formation methods used with the subsequent physicochemical characterization of the developed particles. Moreover, this review considers the factors affecting the release of essential oils with the different physicochemical release models. The choice of the appropriate formation method as well as the carrier material types and system forms were shown to highly depend on the intended purpose of the encapsulated essential oil formulation. Micro and nanoencapsulation are used to control essential oils’ release properties, enhance the various characteristics of essential oils, and allow to expand applications in different fields. This review provides the optimal conditions for micro and nanoencapsulation of essential oil formulations based on the intended end uses.
Clinical use of artificial intelligence products for radiology in the Netherlands between 2020 and 2022
Authors: van Leeuwen Kicky G. , de Rooij Maarten , Schalekamp Steven , van Ginneken Bram , Rutten Matthieu J. C. M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To map the clinical use of CE-marked artificial intelligence (AI)–based software in radiology departments in the Netherlands (n = 69) between 2020 and 2022.

Materials and methods
Our AI network (one radiologist or AI representative per Dutch hospital organization) received a questionnaire each spring from 2020 to 2022 about AI product usage, financing, and obstacles to adoption. Products that were not listed on www.AIforRadiology.com by July 2022 were excluded from the analysis.

Results
The number of respondents was 43 in 2020, 36 in 2021, and 33 in 2022. The number of departments using AI has been growing steadily (2020: 14, 2021: 19, 2022: 23). The diversity (2020: 7, 2021: 18, 2022: 34) and the number of total implementations (2020: 19, 2021: 38, 2022: 68) has rapidly increased. Seven implementations were discontinued in 2022. Four hospital organizations said to use an AI platform or marketplace for the deployment of AI solutions. AI is mostly used to support chest CT (17), neuro CT (17), and musculoskeletal radiograph (12) analysis. The budget for AI was reserved in 13 of the responding centers in both 2021 and 2022. The most important obstacles to the adoption of AI remained costs and IT integration. Of the respondents, 28% stated that the implemented AI products realized health improvement and 32% assumed both health improvement and cost savings.

Conclusion
The adoption of AI products in radiology departments in the Netherlands is showing common signs of a developing market. The major obstacles to reaching widespread adoption are a lack of financial resources and IT integration difficulties.

Clinical relevance statement
The clinical impact of AI starts with its adoption in daily clinical practice. Increased transparency around AI products being adopted, implementation obstacles, and impact may inspire increased collaboration and improved decision-making around the implementation and financing of AI products.

Key Points
• The adoption of artificial intelligence products for radiology has steadily increased since 2020 to at least a third of the centers using AI in clinical practice in the Netherlands in 2022.
• The main areas in which artificial intelligence products are used are lung nodule detection on CT, aided stroke diagnosis, and bone age prediction.
• The majority of respondents experienced added value (decreased costs and/or improved outcomes) from using artificial intelligence–based software; however, major obstacles to adoption remain the costs and IT-related difficulties.
Safety and efficiency of repeat salvage lymph node dissection for recurrence of prostate cancer using PSMA-radioguided surgery (RGS) after prior salvage lymph node dissection with or without initial RGS support
Authors: Falkenbach Fabian , Knipper Sophie , Koehler Daniel , Ambrosini Francesca , Steuber Thomas , Graefen Markus , Budäus Lars , Eiber Matthias , Lunger Lukas , Lischewski Flemming , Heck Matthias M. , Maurer Tobias 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background and objective
Metastasis-directed therapy is a feasible option for low PSA, recurrent locoregional metastatic prostate cancer. After initial salvage surgery, patients with good response might consider a repeat salvage surgery in case of recurrent, isolated, and PSMA-positive metastases. This analysis aimed to evaluate the oncological outcome and safety of repeat PSMA-targeted radioguided surgery (RGS) after either prior RGS or “standard” salvage lymph node dissection (SLND).

Materials and methods
We identified 37 patients undergoing repeat RGS after prior SLND (n = 21) (SLND-RGS) or prior RGS (n = 16) (RGS-RGS) between 2014 and 2021 after initial radical prostatectomy with or without pelvic radiation therapy at two German tertiary referral centers. Kaplan–Meier analyses and uni-/multivariable Cox regression models were used to investigate factors associated with biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and treatment-free survival (TFS) after repeat salvage surgery.

Results and limitations
Complete Biochemical Response (cBR, PSA < 0.2 ng/ml) was observed in 20/32 patients (5 NA). Median overall BRFS [95% confidence interval (CI)] after repeat salvage surgery was 10.8 months (mo) (5.3–22). On multivariable regression, only age (HR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01–1.17) and preoperative PSA (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01–1.50) were associated with shorter BRFS, although PSA (HR 1.16, 95% CI 0.99–1.36) did not achieve significant predictor status in univariable analysis before (p value = 0.07). Overall, one year after second salvage surgery, 89% of the patients (number at risk: 19) did not receive additional treatment and median TFS was not reached. Clavien–Dindo grade > 3a complications were observed in 8% (3/37 patients). Limitations are the retrospective evaluation, heterogeneous SLND procedures, lack of long-term follow-up data, and small cohort size.

Conclusion
In this study, repeat RGS was safe and provided clinically meaningful biochemical recurrence- and treatment-free intervals for selected cases. Patients having low preoperative PSA seemed to benefit most of repeat RGS, irrespective of prior SLND or RGS or the time from initial RP/first salvage surgery.
The impact of a uniform ocean warming on the West African monsoon
Authors: Mutton Harry , Chadwick Robin , Collins Matthew , Lambert F. Hugo , Taylor Christopher M. , Geen Ruth , Todd Alexander 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProjections of West African Monsoon (WAM) precipitation are uncertain. To address this, an improved understanding of the mechanisms driving WAM precipitation change is needed to shed light on inter-model differences and aid model development. The full forcing of increased CO2 can be decomposed into different components such as the impact of ocean warming, or the direct radiative effect of increased CO2. This paper investigates such a decomposition, analysing the effect of a uniform 4K ocean warming whilst keeping atmospheric CO2 concentrations constant. The analysis highlights several mechanisms acting to decrease WAM precipitation over a range of timescales, from days after the abrupt ocean warming, to the long-term equilibrium response. The initial decrease in WAM precipitation is caused by warming and enhanced convection over the ocean, stabilising the atmosphere inland and disrupting the monsoon inflow at low levels. Later in the response (after about 5 days), the WAM precipitation is reduced through a strengthening of the shallow circulation over West Africa, associated with changes in the large-scale temperature gradients and a local warming of the atmosphere related to a soil moisture feedback mechanism over the Sahel. Finally, from around 20 days after the SST increase, the WAM precipitation is also reduced through changes in specific humidity gradients that lead to increased potency of dry air advection into the monsoon rainband. The analysis concludes by demonstrating that the processes affecting precipitation in the early stages of the response are also relevant to the long-term equilibrium response.
New-onset atrial fibrillation after percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure: a meta-analysis
Authors: Jurczyk Dominik , Macherey-Meyer Sascha , Rawish Elias , Stiermaier Thomas , Eitel Ingo , Frerker Christian , Schmidt Tobias 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The exact incidence and predictors of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) after percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale (PFO) are unknown.

Objective
We sought to find post-procedural AF incidence rates and differences due to different screening strategies and devices.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in Cochrane, MEDLINE and EMBASE. Controlled trials fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included into this meta-analysis. The incidence of new-onset AF was the primary outcome. Further parameters were surveillance strategy, device type, AF treatment and neurological events. New AF was determined as early onset within one month after implantation and late thereafter.

Results
8 controlled trials and 16 cohort studies were eligible for quantitative analysis. 7643 patients received percutaneous PFO closure after cryptogenic stroke or transient ischaemic attack, 117 with other indications, whereas 1792 patients formed the control group. Meta-analysis of controlled trials showed an AF incidence of 5.1% in the interventional and 1.6% in the conservative arm, respectively (OR 3.17, 95% CI 1.46–6.86, P = 0.03, I2 = 55%). 4.7% received high-quality surveillance strategy with Holter-ECG or Loop recorder whereby AF incidence was overall higher compared to the low-quality group with 12-lead ECG only (3.3–15% vs. 0.2–4.3%). Heterogeneous results on time of AF onset were found, limited by different follow-up strategies. CardioSEAL and Starflex seemed to have higher AF incidences in early and late onset with 4.5% and 4.2%, respectively.

Conclusion
Percutaneous PFO closure led to higher AF post-procedural incidence compared to the conservative strategy. Heterogeneity in surveillance and follow-up strategy limited the generalizability.

Trial Registration
Registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022359945).

Graphical abstract
Pediatric de novo movement disorders and ataxia in the context of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Wilpert Nina-Maria , de Almeida Marcelino Ana Luísa , Knierim Ellen , Incoronato Pasquale , Sanchez-Sendin Elisa , Staudacher Olga , Drenckhahn Anne , Bittigau Petra , Kreye Jakob , Prüss Harald , Schuelke Markus , Kühn Andrea A. , Kaindl Angela M. , Nikolaus Marc 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
In the fourth year of the COVID-19 pandemic, mortality rates decreased, but the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders remained the same, with a prevalence of 3.8% of pediatric cases, including movement disorders (MD) and ataxia.

Methods
In this study, we report on a 10-year-old girl with hemichorea after SARS-CoV-2 infection and immunostained murine brain with patient CSF to identify intrathecal antibodies. Additionally, we conducted a scoping review of children with MD and ataxia after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results
We detected antibodies in the patient's CSF binding unknown antigens in murine basal ganglia. The child received immunosuppression and recovered completely. In a scoping review, we identified further 32 children with de novo MD or ataxia after COVID-19. While in a minority of cases, MD or ataxia were a symptom of known clinical entities (e.g. ADEM, Sydenham's chorea), in most children, the etiology was suspected to be of autoimmune origin without further assigned diagnosis. (i) Children either presented with ataxia (79%), but different from the well-known postinfectious acute cerebellar ataxia (older age, less favorable outcome, or (ii) had hypo-/hyperkinetic MD (21%), which were choreatic in most cases. Besides 14% of spontaneous recovery, immunosuppression was necessary in 79%. Approximately one third of children only partially recovered.

Conclusions
Infection with SARS-CoV-2 can trigger de novo MD in children. Most patients showed COVID-19-associated-ataxia and fewer-chorea. Our data suggest that patients benefit from immunosuppression, especially steroids. Despite treatment, one third of patients recovered only partially, which makes up an increasing cohort with neurological sequelae.
Longitudinal profiles of occupational physical activity during late midlife and their association with functional limitations at old age: a multi-cohort study
Authors: Saila Kyrönlahti , Clas-Håkan Nygård , Prakash K. C. , Subas Neupane 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim was to examine longitudinal profiles of occupational physical activity (OPA) from midlife to retirement and to investigate how the different OPA-profiles are associated with mobility limitations (ML) and activities of daily living (ADL-disability) at old age.

Methods
Harmonized data from two cohort studies from Finland and the United States, that have followed people from midlife until old age were used. Repeated measurements of self-reported OPA were collected during approximately 11- to 12-year period. Persons who had data on OPA from ≥ 2 time points during the period from mid-working life to retirement were included. Latent class growth analysis was used to identify OPA-profiles. Risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals for the associations of the OPA-profiles and later life MLs and ADL-disability were estimated.

Results
Three OPA-profiles were identified in both cohorts: high-persistent, moderate-fluctuating, and low-persistent. For majority OPA remained stable: for workers reporting high or low levels of OPA at midlife, the physical demands of work likely persisted, whereas people reporting moderate level OPA had high fluctuation in their exposure level. Members of high-persistent and moderate-fluctuating OPA-profiles had increased risk of subsequent MLs at old age. The RRs for ADL-disability did not differ between the profiles.

Conclusions
Perceived OPA remains rather stable for workers reporting high or low physical work demands during midlife, yet fluctuating profiles also exist. Workers exposed to high or moderate OPA have higher risk for MLs when they reach old age. Establishing safe and health-promoting levels of OPA during late working life might have positive long-term consequences on healthy ageing.
Construction and validation of prognostic nomogram and clinical characteristics for ovarian endometrioid carcinoma: an SEER-based cohort study
Authors: Ye Wanlu , Wang Qing , Lu Yanming 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Ovarian endometrioid carcinoma (OEC) is the second most commonly occurring ovarian epithelial malignancy, but the associated prognostic factors remain obscure. This study aimed to analyze independent prognostic factors for patients with OEC and to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) of these patients.

Methods
Clinical information of patients with OEC (2000–2019) was obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors, and nomogram models were constructed using independent prognostic factors. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to verify the accuracy and validity of the nomogram. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to compare the differences in OS and cancer-specific survival (CSS) among subgroups.

Results
A total of 4628 patients with OEC were included, being divided into training (n = 3238) and validation (n = 1390) sets (7:3 ratio). On multivariate Cox analysis, AJCC stage, age, tumor size, differentiation, chemotherapy, and lymph node resection were significant predictors of survival outcomes (P < 0.05). Resection of 1–3 lymph nodes in early-stage OEC patients did not significantly prolong OS (P > 0.05), but resection of ≥ 4 lymph nodes in early-stage improved OS and CSS (P < 0.05). The OS of early-stage patients was not related to whether or not they received chemotherapy (P > 0.05). Lymph node resection and chemotherapy significantly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced OEC (P < 0.05). The c-index of nomogram prediction model was 0.782. ROC with good discrimination, calibration plots with high consistency, and DCA with large net benefit rate result in large clinical value.

Conclusion
AJCC stage, differentiation, tumor size, age, chemotherapy, and lymph node dissection were prognostic factors of OEC. The constructed nomogram prediction model can effectively predict the prognosis of OEC patients and improve the accuracy of clinical decision-making.
SAGES consensus recommendations on surgical video data use, structure, and exploration (for research in artificial intelligence, clinical quality improvement, and surgical education)
Authors: Eckhoff Jennifer A. , Rosman Guy , Altieri Maria S. , Speidel Stefanie , Stoyanov Danail , Anvari Mehran , Meier-Hein Lena , März Keno , Jannin Pierre , Pugh Carla , Wagner Martin , Witkowski Elan , Shaw Paresh , Madani Amin , Ban Yutong , Ward Thomas , Filicori Filippo , Padoy Nicolas , Talamini Mark , Meireles Ozanan R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgery generates a vast amount of data from each procedure. Particularly video data provides significant value for surgical research, clinical outcome assessment, quality control, and education. The data lifecycle is influenced by various factors, including data structure, acquisition, storage, and sharing; data use and exploration, and finally data governance, which encompasses all ethical and legal regulations associated with the data. There is a universal need among stakeholders in surgical data science to establish standardized frameworks that address all aspects of this lifecycle to ensure data quality and purpose.

Methods
Working groups were formed, among 48 representatives from academia and industry, including clinicians, computer scientists and industry representatives. These working groups focused on: Data Use, Data Structure, Data Exploration, and Data Governance. After working group and panel discussions, a modified Delphi process was conducted.

Results
The resulting Delphi consensus provides conceptualized and structured recommendations for each domain related to surgical video data. We identified the key stakeholders within the data lifecycle and formulated comprehensive, easily understandable, and widely applicable guidelines for data utilization. Standardization of data structure should encompass format and quality, data sources, documentation, metadata, and account for biases within the data. To foster scientific data exploration, datasets should reflect diversity and remain adaptable to future applications. Data governance must be transparent to all stakeholders, addressing legal and ethical considerations surrounding the data.

Conclusion
This consensus presents essential recommendations around the generation of standardized and diverse surgical video databanks, accounting for multiple stakeholders involved in data generation and use throughout its lifecycle. Following the SAGES annotation framework, we lay the foundation for standardization of data use, structure, and exploration. A detailed exploration of requirements for adequate data governance will follow.
Ten best practices for effective phenological research
Authors: Primack Richard B. , Gallinat Amanda S. , Ellwood Elizabeth R. , Crimmins Theresa M. , Schwartz Mark D. , Staudinger Michelle D. , Miller-Rushing Abraham J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe number and diversity of phenological studies has increased rapidly in recent years. Innovative experiments, field studies, citizen science projects, and analyses of newly available historical data are contributing insights that advance our understanding of ecological and evolutionary responses to the environment, particularly climate change. However, many phenological data sets have peculiarities that are not immediately obvious and can lead to mistakes in analyses and interpretation of results. This paper aims to help researchers, especially those new to the field of phenology, understand challenges and practices that are crucial for effective studies. For example, researchers may fail to account for sampling biases in phenological data, struggle to choose or design a volunteer data collection strategy that adequately fits their project’s needs, or combine data sets in inappropriate ways. We describe ten best practices for designing studies of plant and animal phenology, evaluating data quality, and analyzing data. Practices include accounting for common biases in data, using effective citizen or community science methods, and employing appropriate data when investigating phenological mismatches. We present these best practices to help researchers entering the field take full advantage of the wealth of available data and approaches to advance our understanding of phenology and its implications for ecology.
The occurrence and persistence of PFAS at riverbank filtration sites in the Upper Danube basin
Authors: Obeid Ali A. A. , Oudega Thomas J. , Zoboli Ottavia , Gundacker Claudia , Blaschke Alfred P. , Zessner Matthias , Saracevic Ernis , Devau Nicolas , Stevenson Margaret E. , Krlovic Nikola , Liu Meiqi , Nagy-Kovács Zsuzsanna , László Balázs , Sommer Regina , Lindner Gerhard , Derx Julia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPFAS are a class of synthetic chemicals used for many industrial and domestic purposes. However, once released in the environment, they are persistent, mobile and toxic. One of the most important transport routes to drinking water is through riverbank filtration. Although this is usually an effective strategy for removing many organic compounds, its effectiveness in removing PFAS is still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence, as well as the spatial distribution of PFAS at riverbank filtration sites and compare these to two pharmaceuticals and various chemical parameters. A one-year sampling campaign was carried out at four transects with different characteristics along the Danube river. Samples were analysed using Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry.Results show that most of the detected PFAS compounds had concentrations lower than 10 ng/l. NaADONA had the highest concentration at all the sites, indicating the presence of an emission source upstream of the monitored sites. For most compounds, there was no concentration reduction between the river and groundwater, implying that no removal processes take place. This was further confirmed with statistical tests, which showed no significant differences between river- and groundwater concentrations. Two sites in Budapest showed higher concentrations of PFOA, PFOS, and GenX in the background water compared to the river, indicating an inland source of these compounds. The current situation imposes no problems for drinking water as the measured concentrations are lower than the legal limit set by the EU Drinking Water Directive. However, any future legal or industrial changes could create problems since results suggest that these compounds are not removed during riverbank filtration.