bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of DIR and SWI sequences in 1.5 Tesla MRI for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Akbari Mojtaba , Famili Peyman , Babaei Mohammad Reza , Almasi-Dooghaee Mostafa , Kachuee Manizhe Ataee 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration. Accurate diagnosis, especially in atypical cases, relies heavily on imaging techniques. This study evaluates the sensitivity of DIR (double inversion recovery) and SWI (susceptibility-weighted imaging) sequences in detecting MS plaques and central venous signs (CVS) using 1.5 Tesla MRI.
Methods
Seventeen patients with confirmed MS were enrolled after excluding other comorbidities. Brain MRI was performed using T2, FLAIR, SWI, and DIR sequences. Plaques were counted in cortical/juxtacortical, subcortical, periventricular, and infratentorial regions. The presence of CVS was assessed in SWI and FLAIR sequences. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS26.
Results
A total of 1022 plaques were identified, with DIR showing the highest sensitivity (321 plaques), followed by FLAIR (278), SWI (219), and T2 (204). The periventricular and subcortical regions were the most common sites of plaque detection across all sequences. DIR showed a 13%, 32%, and 36% higher sensitivity than FLAIR, SWI, and T2, respectively. CVS was most prominent in the SWI sequence (52.5% of plaques) compared to FLAIR (6%). DIR and T2 sequences showed negligible sensitivity for CVS detection. A significant association was found between age and the prevalence of CVS in the infratentorial region.
Conclusion
DIR is the most sensitive sequence for detecting MS plaques, particularly in the periventricular and infratentorial regions. SWI at 1.5 Tesla MRI demonstrates a high prevalence of CVS and can differentiate MS from other pathologies. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings in larger populations.
Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy vs laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with reconstruction of His angle on weight loss and de novo GERD in people with obesity: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Zhan Chongwen , Liu Lili , Yao Qiyuan , Zhang Zhao , Shao Yikai , Fu Xiaojian , Xu Bo , Shen Qiwei , Hua Rong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the impact of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with reconstruction of His angle (LSGRH) on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).
Materials and Methods
Clinical data of patients with obesity who underwent LSG or LSGRH from January 2022 and January 2024 and completed follow-up in time were retrospectively analyzed by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Patients were assigned to either LSG group or LSGRH group according to the surgical method. Perioperative indicators, improvement of obesity and severity of GERD were compared in these two groups.
Results
There were 51 comparable pairs of patients from LSG and LSGRH group enrolled in this study after PSM. There was no significant difference in operative time, volume of intraoperative blood loss, hospital stay after operation, weight loss and severity of GERD 6 months after surgery.
Conclusion
Under the premise of no increase in operative time, volume of intraoperative blood loss and hospital stay after operation, LSG with reconstruction of His angle cannot prevent the occurrence of de novo GERD compared with LSG.
Assessment of Long-Term Complications in Adult Oncology Patients with Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Receiving Tunnelled Femoral Catheters: A Prospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Wu Zhen-Ming , Huang Chun-Li , Hu Ze-Yin , Luo Meng-Na , Fan Yu-Ying , Li Jia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a critical condition that is often linked to malignancies and requires prolonged vascular access for therapeutic and palliative care. This prospective cohort analysis evaluated the long-term complications associated with tunneled femoral inserted central catheters (TFICCs) in adult oncology patients with SVCSs.
Methods
This is a prospective cross-sectional study and was performed at a major cancer centre in China. The study involved oncology patients with SVCSs requiring central venous access via the TFICC from March 2022 to June 2022. A total of 89 adult oncology patients with SVCS who received TFICC placement were enrolled. The primary outcomes were the rates of TFICC-related complications, such as dislodgment, occlusion, blood reflux, catheter-related skin injury, catheter-related thrombosis, and unplanned removal. The secondary outcomes included the identification of risk factors associated with these complications. Univariate and binary logistic regression analyses were used to assess risk factors for complications.
Results
Nearly half of the patients (n = 42/89, 47.2%) experienced significant complications related to TFICC, with dislodgment emerging as the most prevalent issue at an alarming rate of 23.6%. It’s crucial to note that only a mere 5 patients (56%) had their catheters removed due to complications. The use of Power PICC-SOLO catheters was identified as a significant risk factor for occlusion. An increased catheter length reduces the risk of dislodgment, whereas a longer indwelling time increases this risk. A larger thigh circumference was linked to a greater chance of blood reflux.
Conclusion
TFICC placement in adult oncology patients with SVCSs is associated with a significant rate of complications, particularly concerning dislodgment. POWER PICC-SOLO is associated with a greater risk of occlusion. Catheter length and indwelling time influence the risk of dislodgment, and thigh circumference is a risk factor for blood reflux. These findings have implications for patient selection, catheter choice, and management strategies to minimize complications.
Trial registration
This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on 21/02/2022 (registration number: ChiCTR2200055864).
Machine Learning Decision Support Model Construction for Craniotomy Approach of Pineal Region Tumors Based on MRI Images
Authors: Chen Ziyan , Chen Yinhua , Su Yandong , Jiang Nian , Wanggou Siyi , Li Xuejun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background: Pineal region tumors (PRTs) are but deep-seated brain tumors, and complete surgical resection is crucial for effective tumor treatment. The choice of surgical approach is often challenging due to the low incidence and deep location. This study aims to combine machine learning and deep learning algorithms with pre-operative MRI images to build a model for PRTs surgical approaches recommendation, striving to model clinical experience for practical reference and education.
Methods: This study is a retrospective study which enrolled a total of 173 patients diagnosed with PRTs radiologically from our hospital. Three traditional surgical approaches of were recorded for prediction label. Clinical and VASARI related radiological information were selected for machine learning prediction model construction. And MRI images from axial, sagittal and coronal views of orientation were also used for deep learning craniotomy approach prediction model establishment and evaluation.
Results: 5 machine learning methods were applied to construct the predictive classifiers with the clinical and VASARI features and all methods could achieve area under the ROC (Receiver operating characteristic) curve (AUC) values over than 0.7. And also, 3 deep learning algorithms (ResNet-50, EfficientNetV2-m and ViT) were applied based on MRI images from different orientations. EfficientNetV2-m achieved the highest AUC value of 0.89, demonstrating a significant high performance of prediction. And class activation mapping was used to reveal that the tumor itself and its surrounding relations are crucial areas for model decision-making.
Conclusion: In our study, we used machine learning and deep learning to construct surgical approach recommendation models. Deep learning could achieve high performance of prediction and provide efficient and personalized decision support tools for PRTs surgical approach.
Clinical trial number: not applicable
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use, CYP2C19 genotypes, and Subsequent Incidence of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Wang Xu , Shan Ying , Wei Yanling , He Yujian , wang Pengpeng , Yang Guang , Huang Xiaoyan , Xiong Zibo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The widespread use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has generated concerns about side effects Numerous studies have suggested that PPIs use may increase the risk of kidney disease. In particular, it is unclear whether genotype of the CYP2C19 enzyme system, the main metabolic pathway of PPIs, modifies the association between PPIs and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).
Methods
This was a prospective cohort study of white European participants from the UK Biobank. CKD and ESKD were determined by ICD-10 coding. Self-reported PPI use was recorded using an electronic questionnaire and confirmed by trained staff. The CYP2C19 genotype is defined by two of the most common CYP2C19 functional polymorphisms (rs4244285 and rs12248560). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the associations of PPIs with incident CKD or ESKD.
Results
A total of 419670 participants were included in the study, of which 39,493 participants were PPIs users. Compared with non-user, PPI users had a significantly higher risk of developing CKD (HR 1.408, CI 1.352–1.467) and ESKD (HR 1.288, CI 1.03–1.609). This association persisted in sensitivity analyses. However, there was no significant difference in the risk of developing CKD among participants taking PPIs between the different CYP2C19 genotypes.
Conclusion
The use of PPIs was associated with the risks of developing CKD and ESKD. There was no evidence supporting the CYP2C19 genotype as a moderator on the relationship between PPIs and kidney diseases.
Predicting Clinically Significant Brain Injuries following Mild TBI: A Comparative Study of Canadian CT Head Rule and New Orleans Criteria at a National Trauma Centre.
Authors: Kpuduwei Selekeowei Peter Kespi , Yusuf Ayodeji Salman , Ismail Nasir Jinjiri , Adebiyi Jamiu Ayodele 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is one of the most common injuries treated at any trauma centre. Whereas the general use of CT for all patients with mTBI is inefficient and wasteful, the omission of a clinically important brain injury is not desirable. Several guidelines have been developed to assist physicians in determining who actually needs a head CT. For this reason, the Canadian CT Head Rule (CCHR) and the New Orleans Criteria (NOC) were compared in this study on their efficacy in predicting surgically significant brain injuries and need for neurosurgical intervention.
Materials and Methods
The research was a prospective cross-sectional study at a level 1 trauma centre that received ethical approval from the Hospital. Consenting adult patients who presented with mild TBI within 24 hours were recruited. They were assessed with the NOC and CCHR, which decisions were compared between them and with CT head findings.
Results
A total of 103 patients were successfully enrolled, males were 91 and females were 12 with mean age of 32.48 ± 12.27 years old. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of clinically significant brain injury under the NOC guideline compared with that of CCHR guideline were not significantly statistically different with P-value of 0.39. Similarly, there was no statistically significant difference between the two guidelines for need for neurosurgical intervention as P-value was 0.48.
Conclusion
Following the findings this study either NOC or CCHR is safe to be used for ordering head CT for patients with mild TBI.
Patients with Prior Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Presenting to the Emergency Department with Neurological Symptoms- The Yield of Neuroimaging
Authors: Grishin Evgeny , Budnik Ivan , Efros Orly , Cohen Omri , Kenet Gili , Levy-Mendelovich Sarina , Barg Assaf Arie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is a relatively rare condition that may be associated with significant morbidity and may potentially be life-threatening. This study aimed to evaluate the yield of neuroimaging and to assess risk factors for CVST progression among patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) after a prior CVST diagnosis.
Methods
We collected data from the hospital’s electronic medical records on patients diagnosed with CVST at our tertiary care center between January 2002 and April 2023. For patients who had subsequent ED visits related to their initial CVST diagnosis, data regarding demographics, clinical presentation, imaging outcomes and alterations in therapeutic management was retrieved.
Results
Our initial cohort included 251 patients diagnosed with CVST. Of these, 107 patients (42.6%) returned to the ED with symptoms potentially related to CVST. Headache was the most common presenting symptom (59%), and imaging was performed in 71% of relevant ED visits. Thrombus progression was observed in only 6% of cases. No significant associations were found between demographic factors, clinical presentation, anticoagulation status, and neuroimaging findings. Among patients whose initial CVST diagnosis occurred more than two years prior to ED evaluation, only those with thrombophilia experienced thrombus progression.
Conclusions
Thrombus progression is a rare finding among patients with a history of CVST presenting to the ED with neurological complaints. Pediatric patients showed low rates of thrombotic worsening, suggesting a more judicious use of neuroimaging in this population. Treatment with anticoagulation at the time of ED visit could not predict neuroimaging results.
Eco-Friendly Drilling of AA 5052-H32 Alloy: Influence of Jasmine-Based Cutting Fluid on Surface Quality and Burr Formation
Authors: Yasir Muhammad , Khawaja Amar ul Hassan , Gulzar Mubashir , Khan Muhammad Saad , Ali Imtiaz , Iqbal Shahid , Sarikaya Murat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The aerospace and automotive sectors are increasingly emphasizing sustainable production, requiring environmentally benign methods for machining activities. This study examines a biodegradable cutting fluid composed of 85% jasmine oil and 15% organic petroleum-based additives as an eco-friendly substitute for traditional lubricants in the drilling of AA 5052-H32 aluminum alloy, a material widely utilized in structural applications. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to examine the impacts of cutting speed and feed rate on surface quality, burr development, and temperature, based on 27 experimental observations across three lubrication conditions: dry, 90 − 10% water-to-oil, and 80 − 20% water-to-oil mixes. Findings indicate that increased cutting speeds and appropriate feed rates markedly improve surface quality, attaining a minimal surface roughness of 7.3 µm at 6370 rpm and 2867 mm/min under the 80 − 20% coolant condition. This lubrication regime exhibited the least burr height of 0.07 mm and the most efficient cooling, with a lowest temperature of 33.8°C. In comparison, dry drilling demonstrated subpar performance, characterized by heightened burr height and surface roughness resulting from raised tool temperatures and material deformation. Also, jasmine-based cutting fluid enhances machining performance by improving temperature and lubricating characteristics, minimizing environmental impact, and promoting sustainability in precision drilling operations. This research emphasizes the significance of parameter optimization for attaining enhanced hole quality while advocating for a shift towards ecologically sustainable production processes. Future research is advised to investigate the prolonged impacts of biodegradable lubricants on tool longevity and their compatibility with various machining processes and materials.
The effect of lung-protective ventilation on Pa-etCO 2 in elderly surgical patients
Authors: Li Mingye , Ren Shihuai , Chen Tongle , Dong Chun-shan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether the lung-protective strategy of reducing driving pressure can optimize the Pa-etCO2 gradient in elderly patients and improve patient prognosis.
Methods: Under anaesthesia, patients in the PV group were compared with those in the CV group via an individualized method of increasing positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) to reduce driving pressure (PEEP starting from 9 cmH2O, reducing tidal volume from 8 ml/kg–6 ml/kg estimated body weight (PWB) to lower the plateau pressure (Pplat)<20 cmH2O, and lowering the PEEP if the target plateau pressure was not achieved).
Result: There was no significant difference in the changes in Pa-etCO2 between the PV group five minutes after anaesthesia (T0) and the suture group (Tend) (p>0.05), whereas the Pa-etCO2 in the CV Tend group increased compared with that in the CV T0 group (p<0.01). The Tend to respiratory recovery time (p<0.05), extubation time (p<0.05), and conscious time (p<0.05) in the PV group were shorter than those in the CV group.
Conclusion: Individual ventilation strategies that reduce driving pressure can optimize the Pa-etCO2 gradient in elderly prone spine surgery patients, shorten the recovery time, and improve patient prognosis.
Quantitative Real-Time PCR Detection of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Filifactor alocis in Peri- Implantitis
Authors: Fragkioudakis Ioannis , Konstantopoulos Georgios , Kottaridi Christine , Batas Leonidas , Sakellari Dimitra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aim: To assess the prevalence and levels of P. gingivalis and F. alocis in peri-implantitis and healthy peri-implant sites using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 110 participants, 52 with peri-implantitis and 58 with healthy peri-implant sites. Clinical parameters were recorded, including probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing. Microbiological samples were analyzed using qPCR, and significance was tested using the Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman’s rank correlation.Results: P. gingivalis and F. alocis levels were significantly higher in peri-implantitis sites, with P. gingivalis at 4.80 × 10⁶ ± 4.78 × 10⁶ copies/µL and F. alocis at 4.58 × 10⁵ ± 3.40 × 10⁵ copies/µL, compared to healthy sites, with P. gingivalis at 2.09 × 10³ ± 1.26 × 10³ copies/µL and F. alocis at 2.45 × 10³ ± 1.64 × 10³ copies/µL, with p < 0.001. P. gingivalis strongly correlated with clinical parameters, such as probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing. F. alocis showed moderate correlations with probing depth and clinical attachment level but not bleeding on probing.Conclusion: The findings suggest a potential synergistic role of P. gingivalis and F. alocis in peri-implantitis, emphasizing the importance of therapies targeting these pathogens. Clinicians might explore antimicrobial strategies disrupting biofilm formation and microbial synergy to improve outcomes. Further research is needed to refine treatment approaches and understand these bacteria's contributions to disease progression.
Increased survival rate by the pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy intensification based on minimal residual disease levels along with protocol-based risk classification by early response.
Authors: Kim Hyery , Yoon Su Hyun , Kang Sunghan , Koh Kyung-Nam , Im Ho Joon , Chu Daehyun , Kim Mi Young , Cho Young-Uk , Hwang Sang-Hyun , Jang Seongsoo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Minimal residual disease (MRD)-guided therapy is a global standard for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We assessed the impact of MRD-driven intensification alongside protocol-defined risk groups.
Methods
This retrospective analysis included 209 patients with ALL (January 2013–June 2023). MRD was assessed using 6- to 8-color flow cytometry at the end of each phase before the maintenance phase. Post-induction treatment was determined by early response, National Cancer Institute risk, and cytogenetics. High-risk (HR) patients followed the Korean HR or CCG-1882 protocols; standard-risk (SR) patients followed a modified COG-AALL0331 protocol. Treatment was intensified if flow-MRD ≥ 0.1% was identified.
Results
Overall, 103 and 106 patients were classified as SR and HR, respectively. The 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were 92.5% and 84.3% in all patients, respectively. Thirty SR and 18 HR patients received intensified chemotherapy. Treatment intensification significantly improved EFS in patients with high MRD (94.2% vs 75.5%, p = 0.04), particularly marked in post-induction MRD-high patients (90.0% vs 19.0%, p = 0.035). The survival difference between RER and SER groups was eliminated after MRD-based intensification. The implementation rates of treatment intensification varied over time (9.1% before 2015, 28.6% in 2016–2019, 13.9% in 2020–2023), reflecting improved risk stratification and therapy selection.
Conclusion
MRD-guided therapy intensification markedly improved survival outcomes in pediatric ALL when combined with risk-based protocols, highlighting the importance of MRD monitoring for optimizing risk-adapted treatment strategies.
The Effect of Interpersonal Psychotherapy-Based Group Psychological Counseling on the Psychological Resilience Levels of University Students
Authors: BATMAZ HASAN , ÇELİK EYÜP 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effect of interpersonal psychotherapy-based group counseling on the psychological resilience levels of university students. The study was planned and conducted online as Application 2 and Application 2. In the experimentally designed study, the dependent variable was Psychological Resilience scores, and the independent variable was interpersonal psychotherapy-based group counseling. Data were collected using the 'Brief Psychological Resilience Scale (BRS)'. The study was based on a pretest-posttest control group design. The experimental groups received 8 sessions of counseling, while the control groups received no intervention. The BRS was administered before and after the intervention, and follow-up tests were conducted three months later. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the follow-up and pre-test scores in Applications 1 and 2.
Integrative Analysis of tRNA-Derived Fragments in Plant Adaptation to Biotic Stress: A Comparative Study and Database
Authors: Swain Supriya P. , Bisht Niyati , Kumar Shailesh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Plants face significant challenges from biotic stresses, that adversely impact their growth and development. Amongst the various regulatory molecules, transfer RNA-derived fragments (tRFs) play crucial roles in modulating adaptive defense mechanisms. Although the role of tRFs in response to biotic stresses is still emerging, it is evident that different biotic stressors elicit distinct regulatory pathways. This study investigates the involvement of tRFs in stress response and resistance across three plant species: Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, and Solanum lycopersicum. Our findings reveal a complex regulatory network where tRFs interact with mRNA targets, miRNAs, and transposable elements, underscoring their significance in adaptive biotic stress responses. This research advances the understanding of tRF regulatory mechanisms and lays the foundation for new strategies to enhance resilience against biotic stress. The database supporting this study is freely accessible at http://www.nipgr.ac.in/PbtRFdb, providing a valuable resource for further research on the tRFs in plant biotic stress responses.