bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH WAKTU PEMBAKARAN BATU BATA MERAH CAMPURAN ABU KULIT KAKAO DENGAN UJI SIFAT MEKANIK DAN MORFOLOGI
Authors: Masthura Masthura , Sirait Ratni , Rahmi Waruwu Dien 
Published: March 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian batu bata merah campuran abu kulit kakao dengan uji mekanik dan morfologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat uji mekanik dan morfologi terhadap waktu pembakaran batu merah menggunakan bahan abu kulit kakao, komposisi abu kulit kakao 20% dan variasi waktu bakar pada 2 jam, 3 jam dan 4 jam. Parameter uji sifat mekanik ialah uji kuat tekan dan untuk pengujian morfologi yaitu SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Dari hasil pengujian mekanik menunjukkan bahwa batu bata merah campuran abu kulit kakao ini memiliki nilai optimum pada kuat tekan yaitu sebesar 10,03 MPa waktu pembakaran 2 jam, 10,76 MPa waktu pembakaran 3 jam dan 11,28 MPa waktu pembakaran 4 jam dengan komposisi abu kulit kakao 20%. Sedangkan uji morfologi pada SEM menghasilkan struktur partikel yang homogen atau menyebar secara merata, setiap sampel dilakukan dengan waktu pembakaran yang berbeda dengan pembesaran 1.000x . Hasil dari kuat tekan sesuai dengan standar bata merah untuk pasangan dinding yaitu SNI 15-2094-2000.
Analisis Kerawanan Seismik di Wilayah Nusa tenggara Barat Berdasarkan Nilai Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) dengan Persamaan GMPE Donovan
Authors: Noveria Hayrona Cindy , Sugeng Sugeng , Halawa Erniwati 
Published: March 2023

Indonesia merupakan zona “ring of fire” karena letak geografisnya berada di antara pertemuan tiga lempeng tektonik besar yaitu lempeng Pasifik, Indo-Australia, dan Eurasia. Ketiga lempeng tersebut menyebabkan indonesia memiliki banyak gunung berapi yang masih aktif diseluruh dunia, sehingga tumbukan antar lempeng tersebut dapat mengakibatkan gempa di wilayah tertentu. Salah satu wilayah Indonesia yang memiliki potensi rawan gempa bumi yaitu provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Hal tersebut tedapat risiko gempa yang cukup tinggi akibat subduksi Lempeng Indo-Australia di selatan Pulau Lombok dan Busur Belakang Flores di utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode empiris dengan persamaan Ground Motion Prediction Equation (GMPE) Donovan yang telah dilakukan untuk memetakan daerah yang rawan terhadap gempa bumi di Wilayah NTB. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan percepatan tanah maksimum atau Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) dan intensitas seismik di dalam dan sekitar kawasan Nusa Tenggara Barat. Berdasarkan hasil dari perhitungan yang telah didapatkan nilai percepatan tanah maksimum (PGA) pada wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat dengan menggunakan metode empiris persamaan donovan yaitu sebesar 7.23g 204.39g. Berdasarkan nilai PGA yang telah diperoleh, metode donovan menghasilkan nilai PGA yang hampir mirip pada peta acuan Pusat Studi Gempa 2017. Dalam hal ini dapat dilihat bahwa metode donovan merupakan metode yang sesuai untuk mendapatkan nilai PGA pada wilayah NTB.Kata Kunci: PGA, Donovan, NTB, Magnitudo
GLP-1 analogues in the treatment of obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Deska Kacper , Bąk Bartłomiej , Kosmalski Marcin , Pietras Tadeusz 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Type two diabetes has become a civilization disease in the recent years, and the accompanying obesity, metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty liver are often the inseparable components of the clinical presentation in patients with diabetes of this type. The treatment of each of these elements is important for optimal metabolic control of the patients, as well as directly affecting their life expectancy. However, The ideal solution would be to take as few drugs as possible, preferably drugs that have a beneficial effect on several coexisting diseases at the same time. In the recent years, there have been more and more reports about the pleiotropic effect of drugs affecting the incretin axis - GLP-1 analogues. The presented paper provides an overview of the latest knowledge on the effect of GLP-1 receptor agonists on weight reduction and reduction of changes in the course of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Centralizing the Decision of Family Farmers in the Region of Mossoró – RN: a Comparative Analysis Between Cooperated/Associated and Non-Cooperated/Associated
Authors: Morais Eulita de Souza , Siqueira Elisabete Stradiotto , Nobre Liana Holanda Nepomuceno , Siqueira Filho Valdemar 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Comparative analysis of the decision-making process of family farmers who participate and do not participate in associations and cooperatives in the region of Mossoró – RN.

Theoretical framework: Family farming is a productive organization that coexists with the capitalist structure of production and has unique features, since the owner is also a worker, manages the means of production and does not primarily aim at financial profit, since production is intended to support the family and the property. The decision-making process escapes economic logic, as it also considers social, environmental, ethical and cultural aspects. Cooperatives and associations represent an alternative to the problems imposed by the market.

Method/design/approach: This is a quantitative-descriptive research. A total of 137 family farmers from the region of Mossoró – RN participated in the study. The questionnaire was organized with 5 questions about the centralization of decision-making used by family farmers in the region.

Results and conclusion: The decision-making of farmers in the management of their properties does not differ in terms of participation or non-participation in associations and cooperatives.

Research implications: Although associations and cooperatives present multiple responses to the problems arising from globalization, a significant portion of farmers do not participate in them, and this factor should be deepened to understand the non-participation of farmers in associations and cooperatives and their non-influence in the decision-making of those.

Originality/value: Studies of this nature lead to rethinking and improving the practices of decision-making, marketing and integration of subjects within the scope of family farming.
Tütün Sektöründe Yeni Bir Örgütlenme Modeli: Tütün Üretim ve Pazarlama Kooperatifleri: Çelikhan Örneği
Authors: Tekdemir Necmettin , Köksal Özdal , Acet Nail , Dellal İlkay 
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışma tütün üretim ve pazarlama kooperatiflerin sayıca fazla kurulduğu Adıyaman-Çelikhan’da yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, tütün üretim ve pazarlama kooperatiflerine üye olan ve üye olmayan üreticilerin sosyo-ekonomik özellikleri, işletme özellikleri ve tütün üretim ve pazarlama kooperatiflerinin geliştirilmesi ve yaygınlaştırılmasına katkıda bulunmak amacıyla, aynı köyde yaşayan kooperatife üye olan ve üye olmayan tütün üretimi yapan toplam 90 üretici oransal örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiş ve yüz yüze anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre; kooperatife üye olan üreticilerin; daha fazla sözleşme yaptıkları, daha fazla çiftçi kayıt sistemine dahil oldukları, sarmalık kıyılmış tütün mamullerinden alınan ÖTV oranını daha fazla bildikleri, ortak olma nedenlerinde “ürünleri yüksek fiyata satabilmenin ilk sırada yer aldığı”, kooperatifin en önemli fonksiyonunun ürün alımı olduğunu, kooperatifçilik konusunda eğitime ihtiyaç duydukları, teknik veya hukuki konularda ziraat odasından daha fazla bilgi aldıkları kooperatife üye olmayan üreticilerin ise, başka ürün yetiştirmeyi bilmedikleri için tütün üretimi yaptıklarını, kooperatiflerin daha iyi ve başarılı olması için devletin finansal yardım yapması gerektiğini, kooperatife üye olmak istememelerinin başlıca sebepleri arasında; mevcut kooperatifleri güvenilir olarak bulmadıklarını, başarılı olamayacaklarını belirtip, ancak bu sorunların çözülmesi halinde %83,8’i üye olabileceklerini ifade etmişlerdir. Kooperatif yöneticileri ve üyelerine hak ve yükümlülükleri ile kooperatif ve işletmecilik konularında belli periyodlarla eğitim faaliyetlerinin yürütülmesi kooperatifçiliğin devamlılığını sağlamaya katkı sağlayacaktır.
Faktor – Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Status Gizi Siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Mamba’ul Hisan Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Fasikha Fitriyani , Masrikhiyah Rifatul , Dewi Rahmawati Yuniarti 
Published: March 2023

Permasalahan gizi pada anak sekolah masih menjadi pekerjaan rumah di banyak negara berkembang. Anak usia sekolah cenderung memiliki status gizi pada status gizi kurang atau lebih. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan pengetahuan gizi, asupan makan dan aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi anak sekolah di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI) Mamba’ul Hisan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa MI Mamba’ul Hisan kelas IV, V dan VI. Penentuan jumlah subjek menggunakan rumus slovin dan drop out 10% sehingga didapatkan 81 siswa. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan gizi, tingkat pengetahuan Covid-19, asupan lemak, asupan karbohidrat dan tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi subjek. Sementara itu, terdapat hubungan signifikan antara asupan energi dan asupan protein terhadap status gizi siswa pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Tingkat kecukupan energi dan protein siswa MI Mamba’ul Hisan perlu adanya kesesuain asupan makanan berdasarkan kebutuhan.
Efficacy of various botanical pesticides against leaf eating caterpillar (Artona chorista Jordan) on large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) field of Sankhuwasabha District, Nepal
Authors: Kattel Sujata , Subedi Anuja , Chaudhary Lakshya Bahadur , Thapa Surya Bahadur , Katel Shambhu , Dhimal Sabina , Mandal Honey Raj 
Published: March 2023

Four treatments (Dadaguard Plus (0.05%), mugwort (Titepati) Oil (0.05%), azadiractin (Neem) Oil (0.25%), and tobacco extract (1%) of different botanicals and an absolute control) were evaluated in a field experiment against a lepidopteran pest, the leaf eating caterpillar infesting large cardamom, in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with an area of 4.2× 3.88 m2 in each experimental unit having 5 treatments with 4 replications at Khandbari, Sankhuwasabha, Nepal. Leaf-eating caterpillars cause a white papery thin epidermis-like structure at the primary stage and defoliation of the plant, leaving the midrib of the leaves, symptoms at the severe stage. Treatment-wise application of botanicals was done by using a high-volume knapsack sprayer, and the number of larvae per plant was counted at different time intervals, viz., 3, 5, and 7 days after spraying (DAS), to access the effectiveness of the treatments. The botanical pesticides caused significant differences in their effects against the leaf-eating caterpillar. Among the different botanicals, Dadaguard Plus (0.05 %) was found highly effective in managing the leaf-eating caterpillar in large cardamom, followed by neem oil (0.25%), tobacco extract (1%), titepati oil (0.05%), and untreated control, respectively. Dadaguard could be considered an effective botanical in the successful management of the pest leaf eating caterpillar due to its efficacy.
Budidaya, Panen, dan Pascapanen Philodendron giganteum, Philodendron selloum, dan Philodendron xanadu di Jawa Barat
Authors: Fauzia Assyifa , Sukma Dr. Dewi , Krisantini  
Published: March 2023

ABSTRAK
Kegiatan dilaksanakan dari 18 Januari hingga 17 Mei 2021. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi teknik budidaya, panen, dan pascapanen daun potong Philodendron giganteum, Philodendron selloum, dan Philodendon xanadu. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode langsung dan tidak langsung. Pertumbuhan Philodendron mengalami kenaikan setiap minggunya dilihat dari kenaikan rata-rata tinggi tanaman tiap minggu sebesar sebesar 1.4 cm pada Philodendron selloum serta 1,8 cm pada Philodendron giganteum dan Philodendron xanadu. Jumlah daun pada ketiga jenis Philodendron yang diamati bertambah satu helai setiap minggunya. Pemanenan daun potong dilakukan menggunakan sistem manual dan penanganan pascapanen daun potong menggunakan metode penyimpanan basah.
Kata kunci: Daun potong, Philodendron, produksi, tanaman hias
Relationship Of Maternal Nutrition Status And Mother's Height Of Stunting Events In Tolls At Puskesmas Pagambiran
Authors: Nasution Annisa Namirah , Basyir Vaulinne , Mariko Rinang , Afrainin Syah Nur , Jurnalis Yusri Diannne , Karmia Hudila Rifa 
Published: March 2023

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstract</em></strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><em>Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem characterized by height for age which is &lt;-2 SD according to the median standard of child growth. Stunting causes poor quality of human resources, which will reduce productivity. </em><em>T</em><em>he factor causing the problem of stunting In Tools AtPagambiran Health Center, Padang City is the lack of clean water sanitation. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the nutritional status of the mother, the height of the mother, and the mother's knowledge of the incidence of stunting in toddlers at the Pagambiran Health Center, Padang City.This research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. This research was conducted at the Pagambiran Health Center in Padang City with 3457 populations in November 2021-December 2022. The research sample was 174 mothers and children aged 24-59 months. Sampling using Stratified Random Sampling and Simple Random Sampling. Data collection used a questionnaire and the MCH handbook. The statistical tests used are Chi-square and Logistic Regression.The results of the univariate study found that 55 mothers (31.6%) had a history of chronic energy deficiency, and 12 mothers (6.9%) had a height &lt; 150 cm. The results of the bivariate study using chi-square analysis obtained the p-value of each variable, namely the mother's nutritional status (p=0.005) and mother's height (p=0.018). The study concludes that there is a relationship between the mother's nutritional status and the mother's height in the incidence of stunting in toddlers at the Pagambiran Health Center, Padang City.</em> <em>Researchers suggest that counseling related to stunting can be carried out for pregnant women and prospective brides as an initial preventive measure.</em></p><p><em> </em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><strong><em>Keywords: <strong><em>Chronic Energy Deficiency, Mother's Height, Stunting.</em></strong></em></strong>
Effects of a New Kappa Agonist (Fluorophenyl Derivative of Imidazo[1,2-<i>а</i>]benzimidazole) on the Rat Genome
Authors: Verle O. V. , Sirekanyan A. G. , Eliseeva N. V. , Lifanova Yu. V. , Spasov A. A. , Ostrovsky O. V. 
Published: March 2023

Selective kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) agonists are considered a promising group of substances for developing opioid analgesics characterised with an original mechanism of action without the risk of respiratory depression and drug addiction. Previous studies identified a fluorophenyl derivative of imidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazole (RU-1205) with a KOR-based mechanism of analgesic action established in in vitro and in vivo experiments.The aim of the study was to assess the effect of 9-(2-morpholinoethyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]benzimidazole dihydrochloride on the level of DNA damage in rats after a single subcutaneous injection.Materials and methods. The study was conducted in adult white outbred laboratory rats of both sexes. DNA damage was estimated using the comet assay. The study involved a single subcutaneous injection of an aqueous solution of RU-1205 in three doses: 1, 10, and 100 mg/kg. The authors used intraperitoneal methyl methanesulfonate (40 mg per kg of animal body weight) as a positive control and 0.9% NaCl (100 μL per 100 g of animal body weight) as a negative control.Results. A single subcutaneous injection of RU-1205 to rats did not produce a significant dose-dependent increase in % tail DNA when compared with the state of the corresponding organ/tissue cell genome in negative control animals after normal saline administration at the same time points. In the negative control groups, % tail DNA in cells of various organs/tissues ranged from 1.83% to 3.82% (median values [25–75%]). On the contrary, the administration of 40 mg/kg of genotoxic methyl methanesulfonate led to an increase in damaged DNA in all studied organs and tissues when compared with negative control animals.Conclusions. The study of 9-(2-morpholinoethyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a] benzimidazole dihydrochloride genotoxicity demonstrated that a single subcutaneous injection of 1, 10, or 100 mg/kg of RU-1205 to rats did not damage the cell genome of the studied organs.
WORLD COURT'S VERDICT TOWARDS BAKASSI PENINSULA: PORTRAYING GAINS AND LOSSES
Authors: Achuo Kpwa Stephen 
Published: March 2023

Border discords are one of Africa's unending vestiges of European colonialism/imperialism; the Bakassi peninsula dispute between Cameroon and Nigeria was one of such. The subsequent discovery of large deposits of natural resources in the Bakassi region made Cameroon and Nigeria to engage into claims and counterclaims, bilateral diplomacy, military skirmishes, and finally resorting to the World Court or International Court of Justice (ICJ) for judgement. After eight years of deliberations, the court finally adjudged and declared that Bakassi belongs to Cameroon, sparking widespread criticism from Nigeria. Popular opinion in Nigeria held/holds that Nigeria benefited little or nothing following the ICJ verdict of October 10, 2002 and that Cameroon gained exponentially. Thus, the premise of this paper is to outline the gains and losses of both Nigeria and Cameroon following the International Court of Justice’s ruling, and to debunk the Nigerian perception of the verdict being partial and willy-nilly in nature. Using the qualitative method of research, secondary data based on previous research on the Bakassi saga was used. Using content analyses on the secondary data obtained, observations were made on what both Cameroon and Nigeria lost or gained after the World Court's verdict over the Bakassi peninsula. In its findings, this paper proffers that the gains and losses accruing to both countries are evenly distributed. This research can be a springboard for Cameroon and Nigeria to look beyond their gain and losses, and jointly carryout developmental activities in the Bakassi peninsula so as avoid future ethno-nationalistic tendencies in the area
Pengaruh Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dengan Pendekatan Konstektual terhadap Hasil dan Motivasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas X SMA Negeri I Inanwatan
Authors: Sapulette Rosa , Dayera Disabella 
Published: March 2023

The study is pre-experimental research, which aims at examining the influence of the implementation of problem- based learning using contextual approach toward the result and learning motivation of student at SMAN 1 Inanwatan. The populations of the study were all of grade X students at SMAN 1 Inanwatan. The sample was grade X A as the experiment class chosen by employing cluster random sampling technigue. Based the result of Mathematics learning before implementing problem- based learning using contextual approach , it is discovered that the mean score is 35,2 and standard of deviation 15,51, the level of completeness classically is 100% which is in Incomplete category : whereas the learning result after implementing problem- based learning using contextual approach is 92% which is in complete cattegory. The result of hypotesis at the level of significance with t-test indicates that there is influence and improvement of learning result and learning motivation in Mathematics subject of students after learning implementing problem-based learning using contextual approach at SMAN I Inanwatan.
Extract of Lyonia ovalifolia (Wall.) Drude as a Potent Rodenticide
Authors: Shakya Sabin , Upadhayay Sushma , Devkota Bhupendra 
Published: March 2023

Phytochemicals are naturally synthesized in all parts of the plant body. Lyonia ovaliafolia (Wallich) has been used in a traditional medicine for the treatment of skin diseases such as scabies and itching by different local communities of Nepal. The study was done to analyze the active phytochemicals present in alcoholic extract of its leaves. The sample was random collection along the road, from Namobuddha. A range of chemical tests were adopted for analyzing the types of phytochemical compounds and toxicity test based on OECD guideline.
The results showed that the active phytochemicals present were saponin, flavonoids, tannin, steroids and cardiac glycosides in adequate amount. The toxicity present in the leaves finds scope to be experimented as botanical pesticides in agriculture farm as an alternative of chemical rodenticides.
La gestión de marca y el marketing digital en empresas del sector agrícola caso: Ambato-Tungurahua
Authors: Barros Yanza Bryan Paul , Santamaría Freire Edwin Javier 
Published: March 2023

Introducción: El presente estudio parte del bajo posicionamiento de la marca en 25 empresas del sector agrícola en la ciudad de Ambato, y el marketing digital. Objetivo: Por lo tanto, se plantea como objetivo la importancia de la gestión de marca y el marketing digital en el sector agrícola en la ciudad de Ambato, y evaluar qué herramientas con tendencias actuales han utilizado. Metodología: Se utilizó el enfoque cualitativo para el desarrollo explicativo de la realidad estudiada, el cual reflejó la necesidad de medir y predecir el problema de investigación, tomando como muestra a 160 encuestados, el 49% mencionó tener sentimiento de confianza a las marcas, el 73% que deben incluir personalidad e identidad, el 73% mayor atención a gustos y valores, el 74% contener características diferenciadas y el 72% deben usar plataformas digitales y redes sociales para publicitarse. Resultados: En consecuencia, se considera la importancia de la confianza como sentimiento de percepción de las marcas, además calidad, disponibilidad, localización geográfica, color, peso, tamaño, insumos, capacitación continua a ventas y producción, generando originales y confiables. Conclusiones: Las herramientas de marketing digital contribuirán al sector a alcanzar intereses y objetivos empresariales, abriendo múltiples oportunidades, para una mejor conexión con el cliente. Área de estudio: administración.