bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ent‐Pimarane Diterpenes from the Aerial Parts of Siegesbeckia pubescens
Authors: Liu Na , Luo Ting‐ting , Wu Cong , Sun Yu‐lin , Wang Peng , Zhang Hua , Ge Di 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFive new ent‐pimarane diterpenes (1–5) and five known analogs (6–10) were isolated from the aerial parts of Siegesbeckia pubescens. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic methods especially 1D and 2D NMR and quantum chemical electronic circular dichroism calculations. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against human BT549, A549 and H157 cancer cell lines. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 showed mild cytotoxicity against lung cancer cell lines H157 with IC50 values of 16.35±2.59 and 18.86±4.83 μM, respectively.
Effects of infrared radiation heating temperature and time on starch gelatinization and technological, thermal, and pasting properties of parboiled rice
Authors: Neutzling Henrique Passos , Timm Newiton da Silva , Cañizares Lázaro da Costa Corrêa , Schwab Marina Peter , Ferreira Cristiano Dietrich , Ramos Adriano Hirsch , de Oliveira Maurício 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe improvement of the physical, chemical, and sensorial parameters of parboiled rice is constantly sought by the industry. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the effects of infrared radiation heating temperature (80°C, 100°C, 120°C, and 140°C) and time (2, 6, 10, and 14 min) on starch gelatinization and technological, thermal, and pasting properties of parboiled rice.FindingsThe degree of gelatinization of rice starch subjected to infrared radiation heating ranged from 5.73% to 39.13% and the relative crystallinity from 49.70% to 42.30% in the treatments at 80°C for 6 min and 140°C for 14 min, respectively. The increase in head rice yield is related to an increase in the degree of gelatinization and a reduction in the relative crystallinity of the starch, making the grains more resistant to breakage. There was a tendency to reduce the cooking time at temperatures of 80°C and 140°C, regardless of the heating time. As for hardness, the opposite behavior was observed, with a tendency to increase at temperatures of 80°C and 140°C, regardless of the heating time.ConclusionsInfrared radiation heating can be used to produce parboiled rice. It is recommended to use temperatures between 100°C and 120°C for 6–10 min.Significance and NoveltyThe method validated in this study presented to the rice processing industry a new way to produce parboiled rice. The study showed that it is possible to use infrared radiation heating to gelatinize rice starch. The use of infrared radiation in rice processes is widely used in the industry as a source of heating, whether in drying or parboiling, with previous studies showing a reduction of up to 4.6 times in energy consumption compared to conventional sources of heating.
C−H Bond Activation Relay (CHAR) of Proline Ester Derivatives Promoted by In Situ Triarylamine Radical Cation: Selective Synthesis of 4‐Bromopyrrole Derivatives
Authors: Ding Han , Zhang Shuwei , Sun Zheng , Ma Qiyuan , Li Yuemei , Yuan Yu , Jia Xiaodong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUsing the in situ generated triarylamine radical cation as an initiator, the sp3 C−H bond of proline esters was smoothly oxidized and brominated through C−H activation relay (CHAR), giving a series of 4‐bromopyrroles in good yields with high regioselectivity. The mechanistic study revealed that the oxidation of the active C−H bond initiated the followed 1,5‐HAT and bromination, which provides a new method to realize the functionalization of the remote C−H bond.
Facile Synthesis of Helicene‐Containing Arenes for Optical Limiting Devices**
Authors: Yu Xiaohui , Li Yunfei , Wang Wei , Yuan Ziwei , Xie Zheng , Zhou Shuyun , Xiao Jinchong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA helicene‐containing arene and its linear analogue have been successfully synthesized and characterized, where the single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis indicates that the former can arrange in an offset packing style with a π‐π overlap. The introduction of pentagon‐rings into the parent skeletons in the resulting compounds can boost the stability, and such helicene‐containing molecule possesses higher solubility in organic solvent than the linear analogue. The structural difference has significantly influenced the optical limiting performance. The former in solution and in doped gel glass presents higher optical limiting response towards 532 nm laser than the latter. This study can enrich the functionalization of helicene, which can possess a positive effect in terms of nonlinear optical property.
Hexaphenyltriphenylene‐Based Multicomponent Metallacages: Host–Guest Complexation for White‐Light Emission
Authors: Liu Haifei , Guo Chenxing , Zhang Zeyuan , Mu Chaoqun , Feng Qian , Zhang Mingming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA hexaphenyltriphenylene‐based hexatopic pyridyl ligand is designed and used to prepare three hexagonal prismatic metallacages via metal‐coordination‐driven self‐assembly. Owing to the planar conjugated structures of the hexaphenyltriphenylene skeleton, such metallacages show good host–guest complexation with a series of emissive dyes, which have been further used to tune their emission in solution. Interestingly, based on their complementary emission colors, white light emission is achieved in a mixture of the host metallacages and the guests.
Selectivity in Cationic Cyclizations Involving Alkynes: A Computational Study on the Biomimetic Synthesis of Steroids
Authors: de Cózar Abel , Arrieta Ana , Cossío Fernando P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractComputational studies on the electrophilic cyclization between alkynes and transient carbocations or Lewis‐acid‐activated epoxides show that the regiochemistry of the reaction depends on the terminal or internal position of the triple bond. Reactants possessing terminal alkynyl groups lead to six‐membered rings, whereas internal alkynes yield five‐membered rings through 6‐endo‐dig and 5‐exo‐dig electrophilic cyclizations, respectively. The regiochemistry of the reaction is not determined by two‐electron interactions, but by the minimization of Pauli repulsion. This scenario is preserved in related biomimetic reactions leading to steroid scaffolds. In this latter case, the stereochemistry of the cyclization reaction is oriented towards the formation of equatorial C−C bonds connecting the new six‐six‐ and six‐five‐membered fused rings.
Ketyl Radicals Generated from Magnesium(I) Compounds: Useful Reagents for C−C Bond Forming Reactions
Authors: Rosengarten Christopher A. , Yuvaraj K. , Lim Li Feng , Cox Nicholas , Jones Cameron 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe aryl ketones, 9‐fluorenone (fluor), 9‐xanthenone (xanth) and 9,10‐anthraquinone (anth), were reacted with β‐diketiminato dimagnesium(I) compounds, [{(ArNacnac)Mg}2] (ArNacnac=[HC(MeCNAr)2]−, Ar=mesityl (Mes) or 2,6‐diisopropylphenyl (Dip)). This gave stable magnesium ketyl complexes which are monomeric, [(ArNacnac)(DMAP)Mg(fluor⋅)] (Ar=Mes or Dip, DMAP=4‐dimethylaminopyridine) and [(MesNacnac)Mg(xanth⋅)(xanth)]; dimeric, [{(MesNacnac)Mg(μ‐fluor⋅)}2], or tetrameric, [{(DipNacnac)Mg(μ‐anth⋅)}4]. In contrast, di‐2‐pyridylketone (OCPy2) is doubly reduced with [{(XylNacnac)Mg}2] (Xyl=xylyl) to give a diamagnetic alkoxy/amido complex, [{(XylNacnac)Mg}2(μ‐OCPy2)]. These complexes have been characterized by X‐ray crystallography, and in three cases, EPR spectroscopy. Regioselective C−C hetero‐coupling reactions between magnesium ketyls and phenanthroline (phen) have yielded the alkoxy compounds, [(MesNacnac)Mg(OCR2‐2‐phen)] (OCR2=xanth, OCPh2 or OC(Ph)(2‐Me−Ph)). In addition, homo‐ C−C couplings of the enones, chalcone (chalc) and dibenziylideneactetone (DBA), using magnesium(I) reducing agents, have afforded dimagnesium enolates, [{(ArNacnac)(THF)Mg}2(μ‐chalc2)] (Ar=Mes or Xyl) and [{(DipNacnac)(THF)Mg}2(μ‐DBA2)]. A pinacol coupling reaction between [{(DipNacnac)Mg}2] and 2‐adamantanone (OAd) yielded [{(DipNacnac)(OAd)Mg}2(μ‐OAd2)], presumably via a ketyl intermediate. This study further highlights the utility magnesium(I) compounds have as selective reducing agents in organic transformations.
Challenges and Progress in Contact Development for PbTe‐based Thermoelectrics
Authors: Sauerschnig Philipp , Jood Priyanka , Ohta Michihiro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOver the decades, tremendous efforts have been put into developing lead telluride (PbTe)‐based thermoelectric materials, dramatically improving the thermoelectric figure of meritzT. However, application of PbTe‐based thermoelectrics has been limited to radioisotope generators supplying electrical power for space probes and in remote terrestrial locations. One of the key factors for translating the progress in material performance into social implementation of thermoelectrics is the realization of stable electrical and thermal contacts between PbTe‐based materials and electrodes in modules. To realize stable operation of thermoelectric modules, unwanted chemical reactions, atomic diffusion, and crack formation near the contacts need to be prevented. Here, we summarize the challenges and recent progress of bonding between PbTe and contact layer. This review discusses and highlights the contact resistance as well as chemical and mechanical stability in PbTe/contact layer bonding.
Cellular senescence‐related long noncoding ribonucleic acids: Predicting prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huang Hao , Yao Hao , Wei Yaqing , Chen Ming , Sun Jinjin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundDue to their inherent role in cell function, long non‐coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) mediate changes in the microenvironment, and thereby participate in the development of cellular senescence.AimsThis study aimed to identify cellular senescence‐related lncRNAs that could predict the prognosis of liver cancer.Methods and ResultsGene expression and clinical data were downloaded from the UCSC Xena platform, ICGC, and TCGA databases. Cox regression and LASSO regression were used to establish a cellular senescence‐related lncRNA model. ROC curves and Kaplan–Meier survival curves were then constructed to predict patient prognosis. Cox regression analysis and clinical characteristics were used to evaluate the capability of the model. Tumor mutational burden and tumor‐infiltrating immune cell analyses were subsequently performed in the risk subgroups and the samples in the entire cohort were reclustered. Finally, potential small molecule immune‐targeted drugs were identified based on the model. The cellular senescence‐related prognostic model that was constructed based on AGAP11 and FAM182B. Along with the results of Cox regression and Lasso regression, the risk score was found to be an independent factor for predicting overall survival in cohorts. In the subgroup analysis, the prognosis of the low‐risk group in each cohort was significantly higher than that of the high‐risk group; the area under temporal ROC curves and clinical ROC curves were all greater than 0.65, respectively. C‐index shows that the risk scores are greater than 0.6, showing the stability of the model. The high‐risk group demonstrated lower tumor microenvironment and higher tumor mutational burden scores, further verifying the reliability of the model grouping results. Analysis of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells indicated that CD8+ and γδ T cells were more abundant among patients in the low‐risk group; cluster reorganization indicated that the two groups had different prognoses and proportions of immune cells. The p value of potential drugs predicted based on the expression of model lncRNAs were all less than .05, demonstrating the potential of model lncRNAs as therapeutic targets to some extent.ConclusionA prognostic model based on cellular senescence‐associated lncRNAs was established and this may be used as a potential biomarker for the prognosis assessment of liver cancer patients.
Dose reduction of docetaxel avoids the usage of pegfilgrastim in docetaxel plus ramucirumab therapy for recurrent nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Hamai Kosuke , Miyaka Shinya , Tada Shinpei , Fujita Suguru , Hirakawa Tetsu , Matsumura Mirai , Ueno Sayaka , Tanimoto Takuya , Ishikawa Nobuhisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPegfilgrastim is recommended in docetaxel plus ramucirumab (DTX + RAM) therapy for recurrent nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) because of the associated frequency of febrile neutropenia (FN). However, the FN occurs less frequently when the dose of DTX is reduced because of other adverse events, such as appetite loss and oral mucositis.Methods and ResultsTwenty‐two patients with recurrent NSCLC who received DTX + RAM therapy at the Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital. The cut‐off value which is the most unlikely to cause FN without the combined use of pegfilgrastim was set using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. This was created according to the dose of DTX and the presence or absence of the onset of FN. We compared the incidence of FN when a DTX dose above and below the cut‐off value was used. The ROC curve showed that 48 mg/m2 was the best cut‐off value that predicted whether FN was likely to occur when pegfilgrastim was not used concurrently. The incidence of FN was 26.1% for DTX ≥48 mg/m2 and 5.1% for DTX <48 mg/m2.ConclusionsPegfilgrastim can be discontinued when the dose of DTX is reduced to <48 mg/m2 due to nonhematological toxicities.
Left ventricular hypertrophy as a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Ito Nobuyasu , Zen Kan , Takahara Motoyoshi , Tani Ryotaro , Nakamura Shunsuke , Fujimoto Tomotaka , Takamatsu Kazuaki , Yashige Masaki , Kadoya Yoshito , Yamano Michiyo , Yamano Tetsuhiro , Nakamura Takeshi , Yaku Hitoshi , Matoba Satoaki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to clarify the relationship between cardiovascular prognosis and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with severe aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and to investigate the relationship between cardiac sympathetic nerve (CSN) function and these factors using 123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy.Methods and resultsIn this single‐centre, retrospective observational study, 349 patients who underwent TAVR at our institution between July 2017 and May 2020 were divided into two groups: those with severe LVH pre‐operatively [severe LVH (+) group] and those without LVH pre‐operatively [severe LVH (−) group]. The rates of freedom from cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death and heart failure hospitalization) were compared. The relationship between changes in left ventricular mass index (LVMi) and changes in delay heart–mediastinum ratio (H/M) from before TAVR to 6 months after TAVR was also investigated. The event‐free rate was significantly lower in the severe LVH (+) group (87.1% vs. 96.0%, log‐rank P = 0.021). The severe LVH (+) group exhibited a significantly lower delay H/M value, scored by 123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy, than the severe LVH (−) group (2.33 [1.92–2.67] vs. 2.67 [2.17–3.68], respectively, P < 0.001). Moreover, the event‐free rate of post‐operative cardiovascular events was lower among patients with a delay H/M value < 2.50 than that among other patients (87.7% vs. 97.2%, log‐rank P = 0.012). LVMi was significantly higher (115 [99–130] vs. 90 [78–111] g/m2, P < 0.001) and delay H/M value was significantly lower (2.53 [1.98–2.83] vs. 2.71 [2.25–3.19], P = 0.025) in the severe LVH (+) group than in the severe LVH (−) group at 6 months after TAVR. Patients with improved LVH at 6 months after TAVR also had increased delay H/M (from 2.51 [2.01–2.81] to 2.67 [2.26–3.02], P < 0.001), whereas those without improved LVH had no significant change in delay H/M (from 2.64 [2.23–3.06] to 2.53 [1.97–3.00], P = 0.829).ConclusionsSevere LVH before TAVR is a prognostic factor for poor post‐operative cardiovascular outcomes. LVH associated with aortic stenosis and CSN function are correlated, suggesting their involvement in LVH prognosis.
The modulation effects of plant‐derived bioactive ingredients on chronic kidney disease: Focus on the gut–kidney axis
Authors: Jian Shiyan , Yang Kang , Zhang Lingna , Zhang Limeng , Xin Zhongquan , Wen Chaoyu , He Shansong , Deng Jinping , Deng Baichuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) results mainly from diabetes, hypertension, and glomerulonephritis, which can develop into end‐stage renal disease and CKD‐related complications, thereby causing high morbidity and mortality. This progression is correlated with pathogenic alterations in the gut microbiota that generate uremic toxins, mainly including indoxyl sulfate, p‐cresol sulfate, and trimethylamine‐N‐oxide. The uremic toxins directly or indirectly induce CKD through oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and subsequently renal fibrosis. However, ongoing developments in CKD therapy still lack nutritional guidelines and new pharmacotherapies with significant effects. In this review, we discuss the modulatory effects of plant‐derived bioactive ingredients, such as dietary fiber (oligosaccharides and polysaccharides), polyphenols (e.g., curcumin, anthocyanins, catechins, and resveratrol), and peptides, on gut microbiota and CKD particularly from the view of the gut–kidney axis. We believe that a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of CKD is necessary to develop new targeted therapy strategies that will benefit the prevention and treatment of CKD.
Ultrasound‐derived mechanical stimulation of cell‐laden collagen hydrogels for bone repair
Authors: Assanah Fayekah , Grassie Kevin , Anderson Hanna , Xin Xiaonan , Rowe David , Khan Yusuf 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCell therapy is emerging as an effective treatment strategy for many diseases. Here we describe a novel approach to bone tissue repair that combines hydrogel‐based cell therapy with low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), an FDA approved treatment for fracture repair. Bone marrow‐derived stromal cells (BMSCs) have been encapsulated in type I collagen hydrogels and mechanically stimulated using LIPUS‐derived acoustic radiation force (ARF). We observed the expression and upward trend of load‐sensitive, osteoblast‐specific markers and determined that the extent of cell response is dependent on an optimal combination of both hydrogel stiffness and ARF intensity. Specifically, cells encapsulated in hydrogels of optimal stiffness respond at the onset of ultrasound by upregulating early bone‐sensitive markers such as calcium, cyclooxygenase‐2, and prostaglandin E2, and later by supporting mineralized tissue formation after 21 days of culture. In vivo evaluation of a critical size calvarial defect in NOD scid gamma (NSG) mice indicated that the implantation of BMSC‐laden hydrogels of optimal stiffness improved healing of calvarial defects after daily administration of ARF over 4 weeks. Collectively, these findings validate the efficacy of our system of localized cell delivery for treating bone defects where undifferentiated BMSCs are induced to the osteoblastic lineage. Further, in vivo healing may be enhanced via non‐invasive transdermal mechanical stimulation of implanted cells using ARF.
An evaluation of methods for studying the effects of conditioned reinforcement on human choice
Authors: Morris Samuel L. , Vollmer Timothy R. , Dallery Jesse 
Published: February 2023

AbstractShahan et al. (2006) found that the relative rate of pigeons' pecking on two observing responses (i.e., responses that only produced an S+ or stimulus correlated with primary reinforcement) was well described by the relative rate of S+ delivery. Researchers have not evaluated the effects of S+ delivery rate in a concurrent observing response procedure with human subjects, so the necessary procedural modifications for studying the effects of conditioned reinforcement on human choice remain unclear. The purpose of the current study was to conduct an additive component analysis of modifications to the procedures of Shahan et al. (2006). We evaluated the additive effects of introducing response cost, a changeover response, and ordinal discriminative stimuli on correspondence with the results of Shahan et al. and the quality of fits of the generalized matching equation. When our procedures were most similar to those of Shahan et al., we observed low rates of observing and indifference between the two observing responses. For the group of subjects with whom all three additive components were included, we obtained the highest level of sensitivity to relative rate of S+ delivery, but the slope and R2 of our fits of the generalized matching equation were still much lower than those obtained by Shahan et al. Potential reasons for these discrepancies, methods of resolving them, and implications for future research are discussed.
Usefulness of dried blood spot samples for monitoring hepatitis C treatment outcome and reinfection among people who inject drugs in a test‐and‐treat program
Authors: Not Anna , Saludes Verónica , Gálvez Mont , Miralpeix Anna , Bordoy Antoni E. , González Noemí , González‐Gómez Sara , Muntané Laura , Reyes‐Urueña Juliana , Majó Xavier , Colom Joan , Forns Xavier , Lens Sabela , Martró Elisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDried blood spots (DBS) are a reliable tool to diagnose viremic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We evaluated the clinical performance of a DBS‐based molecular assay for the assessment of cure and reinfection after on‐site treatment at a harm reduction center (HRC). Genotyping from DBS samples was also assessed to discriminate reinfection from treatment failure. People who inject drugs (PWID) from an ongoing test‐and‐treat pilot at the largest HRC in Barcelona were included in the study. HCV‐RNA detection from DBS collected after treatment (with follow‐up at 12, 36, and 60 weeks) was compared with a molecular point‐of‐care test using finger‐stick blood (GeneXpert). Baseline and follow‐up DBS samples were genotyped by NS5B sequencing or commercial real‐time PCR. Among treated patients, 193 follow‐up DBS samples were tested. The DBS‐based assay showed 100% specificity (129/129), and sensitivity ranged from 84.4% to 96.1% according to different viral load cut‐offs (from detectable to 3000 IU/mL). Sensitivity as test of cure (follow‐up 12) ranged from 85.1% to 97.4%. Among the 64 patients with recurrent viremia, 10.9% had low viral loads (≤1000 IU/mL); HCV genotyping allowed us to classify 73.5% of viremic cases either as reinfection or as treatment failure. DBS samples are useful to assess cure and differentiate reinfection from relapse after HCV antiviral treatment in the real world, facilitating decentralization of treatment and posttreatment follow‐up in PWID. However, a fraction of patients presented with low viral loads, limiting viremia detection and genotyping in DBS and, therefore, repeat testing is recommended.