bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of the most widely cultivated superior clone Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis DH32-29 in Southern China
Authors: Wang Xiaoping , Chen Shanshan , Zhang Haonan , Luo Ping , Zhou Fangping , Zeng Bingshan , Xu Jianmin , Fan Chunjie 
Published: January 2023

Eucalyptus, as an economically important species for wood and paper industries, still remains a challenge to genetic improvement by transgenic technology owing to the deficiency of a highly efficient and stable genetic transformation system, especially in cultivated superior clones.Eucalyptus urophylla×Eucalyptus grandisclone DH32-29 is most widely planted in southern China, but it is relatively recalcitrant to adventitious bud regeneration, which blocks the establishment of a genetic transformation system. Here, an efficient adventitious bud regeneration and transformation system ofEucalyptuswas established usingE. urophylla×E. grandisDH32-29 as material. Thein vitroleaves from microshoots that were subcultured for 20–25 days were immersed into liquid Woody Plant Medium supplemented with 0.02 mg·L−1of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.24 mg·L−1of forchlorfenuron (callus-inducing medium (CIM)). After 15 days, explants were transferred to a medium containing 0.10 mg·L−1of NAA and 0.50 mg·L−1of 6-benzyladenine (shoot-inducing medium (SIM)) for adventitious bud induction. The highest regeneration efficiency of adventitious buds was 76.5%. Therefore, anAgrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation system was optimized. The leaves were precultured for 7 days and infected for 30 min withA. tumefaciensstrain EHA105 grown to a bacterial density of 0.3 (OD600). After 72 h of cocultivation in the dark, leaves were transferred to CIM supplemented with 100 mg·L−1of cefotaxime (Cef), 100 mg·L−1of timentin, and 15 mg·L−1of kanamycin (Kan) for 15 days to induce calluses. Then, the explants were transferred to SIM supplemented with the same concentration of antibiotics, and the fresh medium was replaced every 15 days until resistant adventitious buds appeared. After induction of roots in root-inducing medium supplemented with 200 mg·L−1of Cef and 75 mg·L−1of Kan, completely transgenic plants were obtained. With the use of the aforementioned method, the transformation frequency can reach 1.9%. This provides a powerful approach for genetic improvement ofE. urophylla×E. grandisDH32-29 and gene function analysis inEucalyptus.
Plant growth, salt removal capacity, and forage nutritive value of the annual euhalophyte Suaeda salsa irrigated with saline water
Authors: Wang Ning , Zhao Zhenyong , Zhang Xinyi , Liu Sihai , Zhang Ke , Hu Mingfang 
Published: January 2023

Sustainable agricultural development in semiarid and arid regions is severely restricted by soil and water salinization. Cultivation of the representative halophyte Suaeda salsa, which can be irrigated with saline water and cultivated on saline soils, is considered to be a potential solution to the issues of freshwater scarcity, soil salinization, and fodder shortage. However, the salt removal capacity and differences in the forage nutritive value of S. salsa under different saline water treatments remain unknown. Using the methods of field trials and randomized blocks design, we quantified salt accumulation in the aboveground biomass, and the biochemical and nutritive value of field-cultivated S. salsa in arid northwestern China under irrigation with water of different salinities [i.e., freshwater or water containing10, 20, 30, or 40 g/L NaCl). The fresh and dry weights of S. salsa increased, then decreased, with increase in salinity. The salt content of the plant’s aboveground biomass increased to a constant range and, thus, the salt extraction of S. salsa was relatively stable under different salinities of irrigation water. Under the experimental conditions, the crude protein content significantly increased to 9.45% dry weight (DW) and then decreased to 6.85% DW, with an increase in salinity (p &lt; 0.05). The neutral detergent fiber (42.93%–50.00% DW) and acid detergent fiber (34.76%–39.70% DW) contents were suitable for forage. The contents of trace elements, such as copper and zinc, were significantly increased after irrigation with saline water (p &lt; 0.05). The forage of S. salsa is of high nutritive value for livestock, and contains low concentrations of anti-nutrients. Therefore, S. salsa can be considered for cultivation in saline soils irrigated with saline water. In addition, it provides a viable additional source of fodder in arid regions, where the availability of freshwater and non-saline arable land is limited.
Multidimensional analysis reveals environmental factors that affect community dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in poplar roots
Authors: Han Shuo , Wang Xia , Cheng Yao , Wu Guanqi , Dong Xiaoyi , He Xiangwei , Zhao Guozhu 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionPoplar is a tree species with important production and application value. The symbiotic relationship between poplar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has a key role in ecosystem functioning. However, there remain questions concerning the seasonal dynamics of the AMF community in poplar roots, the relationship between AMF and the soil environment, and its ecological function.MethodPoplar roots and rhizosphere soil were sampled at the end of April and the end of October. The responses of AMF communities to season, host age, and host species were investigated; the soil environmental factors driving community changes were analyzed.ResultsThe diversity and species composition of the AMF community were higher in autumn than in spring. Season, host age, host species, and soil environmental factors affected the formation of the symbiotic mycorrhizal system and the AMF community. Differences in the communities could be explained by soil pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available potassium, and glomalin content.DiscussionThe AMF community was sensitive to changes in soil physicochemical properties caused by seasonal dynamics, particularly total potassium. The change in the mycorrhizal symbiotic system was closely related to the growth and development of poplar trees.
Identification and characterization of pathogenicity-related genes of Rhizoctonia solani AG3 during tobacco infection
Authors: Tang Qianjun , Ma Qianqian , Xiao Zhipeng , Xiao Yansong , Wang Yunsheng , Liu Lei , Peng Weiye , Wang Bing , Liu Tianbo , Song Na 
Published: January 2023

Tobacco target spot disease is caused by a ubiquitous soil-borne phytopathogen Rhizoctonia solani; the pathogenic mechanisms underlying the effects of R. solani remain unclear. Deeper understanding of the functional responses to R. solani during host plant infection would help identify the molecular mechanisms essential for successful host invasion. In this study, we performed global transcriptional analysis of R. solani during various stages (12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h) of tobacco infection via an RNA sequencing method, while utilizing the pathosystem model R. solani AG3–tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). After R. solani inoculation, the number of differentially expressed genes of R. solani differed at the various time points. Moreover, several gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathways were unique in different infection stages, especially with respect to the genes involved in plant cell wall degradation and catalysis of biotransformation reactions, such as the pectin metabolic process and pectin catabolic process. The overexpressing-PD8 N. benthamiana plants enhanced the susceptibility to R. solani. In addition, we found that large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were generated in tobacco after infected by R. solani. R. solani encoding FAD/NAD binding oxidoreductase and peroxidase gene family to eliminating ROS and counteract oxidative stress. Moreover, Perox3 was validated that can enhance the ability of scavenging ROS by co-injecting. Overall, our findings show that pectin-degrading enzymes and cytochrome P450 genes are critical for plant infection. These results provide comprehensive insights into R. solani AG3 transcriptome responses during tobacco invasion.
Pre-operative administration of butorphanol mitigates emergence agitation in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Qi Siyi , Lin Zhen , Zhang Yizhe , Dai Wanbing , Tian Weitian , Tian Jie , Zheng Li , Su Diansan , Huai Xiaorong 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThis study explored the effectiveness of pre-operative intravenous injection of butorphanol in the alleviation of emergence agitation (EA) in patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).MethodsPatients (n = 708) were randomized into two groups. The butorphanol group (Group B, n = 358) received butorphanol infusion (20 ug/kg) before anesthesia induction, while the control group (Group C, n = 350) received an equal volume of normal saline infusion. General anesthesia was induced with sufentanil, propofol, and rocuronium, and was maintained with sevoflurane and remifentanil. Vasoactive drugs maintained the hemodynamic indices within 20% of the baseline.ResultsThe incidence of EA was significantly lower in Group B than that in Group C (Group B vs. C: 24.3% vs. 31.4%, respectively; P = 0.034). The times to spontaneous breathing (26.5 min vs. 23.7 min, P = 0.011), verbal response (36.0 min vs. 33.4 min, P = 0.012), and extubation (31.0 min vs. 28.7 min, P = 0.025) were longer in Group B, and the grade of cough (0.33 vs. 0.43, P = 0.024) at extubation in Group B was lower than that in Group C (P = 0.024). The mean arterial pressure at the end of the operation (P = 0.004) and at 5 min after extubation (P = 0.008) was higher and hypotension was less prominent (0.6% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.030) in Group B.ConclusionPre-operative intravenous injection of butorphanol decreased the incidence of EA after FESS and provided smooth and hemodynamically stable emergence without extending the stay in post-anesthesia care unit.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov/, identifier NCT03398759.
The link between diabetic retinal and renal microvasculopathy is associated with dyslipidemia and upregulated circulating level of cytokines
Authors: Chen Xiaosi , Zhang Xinyuan , Gong Zhizhong , Yang Yang , Zhang Xiaohong , Wang Qiyun , Wang Yanhong , Xie Rui 
Published: January 2023

PurposeTo investigate the mechanisms underlying the correlations between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic nephropathy (DKD) and examine whether circulating cytokines and dyslipidemia contribute to both DR and DKD in patients with 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA total of 122 patients with T2DM were enrolled and categorized into the DM group (without no DR and DKD), DR group [non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and proliferative DR (PDR)] with no DKD), DR complicated with DKD groups (DR+DKD group). The biochemical profile, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipid profile were estimated, and plasma inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines [monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, C, D, and placental growth factor (PlGF)] were analyzed by protein microarrays. The atherogenic plasma index (API) was defined as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C); atherogenic index (AI) was calculated as [(total cholesterol (TC) -HDL-C)/HDL-C], and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was defined as log (TG/HDL-C).ResultsBy multivariable disordered regression analysis, after controlling for duration of DM and hypertension, LDL-C (p = 0.019) and VEGF-D (p = 0.029) resulted as independent risk factors for DR. Albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) (p = 0.003) was an independent risk factor for DR with DKD. In DR, NPDR, and PDR groups, grades of A1, A2, and A3 of albuminuria increased with the severity of DR. In A1, A2, and A3 grade groups, the severity of DR (DM, NPDR, and PDR) increased with higher albuminuria grades. Kendall's tau-b correlation coefficient analysis revealed that FBG (p = 0.019), circulating level of PlGF (p = 0.002), and VEGF-D (p = 0.008) were significantly positively correlated with the grades of uACR (p &lt; 0.001), and uACR grades were significantly correlated with DR severity (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThe occurrence and severity of DR are closely correlated with kidney dysfunction. Among the three kidney functional parameters, uACR resulted as the better indicator of DR severity and progression than glomerular filtration (eGFR) and serum creatinine (Scr). Impaired FBG was associated with microalbuminuria, emphasizing that well-controlled FBG is important for both DR and DKD. The link between diabetic retinal and renal microvasculopathy was associated with dyslipidemia and upregulated circulating level of angiogenic cytokines.
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 measures on patient samples and complication rates in spine surgery – A single center analysis
Authors: Jankovic Dragan , Krenzlin Harald , Keric Naureen , Ottenhausen Malte 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveOver the past two years during the pandemic, the German health system has taken drastic measures, like the continuous use of face masks for all staff, restrictions of hospital visits as well as cancellation of elective surgical procedures. As a potential side effect of these measures, a significant reduction of surgical site infections was reported for neurosurgical patients. The purpose of our study was to analyze the impact of these measures on spinal surgery.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis to compare patient samples, procedures and infection rates before (January 2019 – March 2020) and during (April 2020 – June 2021) the pandemic to evaluate the impact of the measures mentioned above. Demographic and clinical data were collected and correlated with the occurrence of postoperative complications, especially infection.ResultsOur analysis showed no relevant decrease of spine surgeries (838 surgeries in non-pandemic group vs. 831 surgeries pandemic group). The most common postoperative complication was wound infection in both groups, followed by urinary tract infection and pneumonia. In both patient groups, infections were more prevalent in surgeries of multilevel posterior instrumentation. Comparing the two groups of patients, a slight, non-significant (0.5%) reduction of overall postoperative complications in the pandemic group was observed. However, the number of spinal surgeries classified as emergencies in our institution increased by 10.2% during the last 15 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. In line with this finding the urgent transfer of patients from smaller hospitals increased by 14.2%, compared to previous years.ConclusionThe volume of spinal surgeries remained high and complication rates stable during the pandemic. A reason why complication rates did not drop as reported previously might be a significant change in patient sample due to the increase of emergency surgeries. A decrease of complication rates, especially infections by the measures of infection prevention for the pandemic was not observed.
The Co-Association of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas with Specific Resistant Cucumber against Fusarium Wilt Disease
Authors: Zhang Yu-Lu , Guo Xiao-Jing , Huang Xin , Guo Rong-Jun , Lu Xiao-Hong , Li Shi-Dong , Zhang Hao 
Published: January 2023

The root microbiota contributes to the plant’s defense against stresses and pathogens. However, the co-association pattern of functional bacteria that improves plant resistance has not been interpreted clearly. Using Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology, the root bacterial community profiles of six cucumber cultivars with different resistance in response to the causative agent of cucumber Fusarium wilt (CFW), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum (Foc), were analyzed. The principal coordinate analysis indicated that the interactions of the cultivars and pathogens drove the cucumber root bacterial communities (p = 0.001). The resistance-specific differential genera across the cultivars were identified, including Massilia in the resistant cultivars, unclassified Enterobacteriaceae in resistant CL11 and JY409, Pseudomonas in JY409, Cronobacter in moderately resistant ZN106, and unclassified Rhizobiaceae and Streptomyces in susceptible ZN6. The predominant root bacterium Massilia accounted for the relative abundance of up to 28.08–61.55%, but dramatically declined to 9.36% in Foc-inoculated susceptible ZN6. Pseudomonas ASV103 and ASV48 of Pseudomonadaceae and Cronobacter ASV162 of Enterobacteriaceae were consistently differential across the cultivars at the phylum, genus, and ASV levels. Using the culture-based method, antagonistic strains of Enterobacteriaceae with a high proportion of 51% were isolated. Furthermore, the bacterial complexes of Pantoea dispersa E318 + Pseudomonas koreensis Ps213 and Cronobacter spp. C1 + C7 reduced the disease index of CFW by 77.2% and 60.0% in the pot experiment, respectively. This study reveals the co-association of specific root bacteria with host plants and reveals insight into the suppressing mechanism of resistant cultivars against CFW disease by regulating the root microbiota.
Gene Content and Coding Diversity of the Growth Hormone Loci of Apes
Authors: González-Álvarez Rafael , Rodríguez-Sánchez Irám Pablo , Barrera-Saldaña Hugo A. 
Published: January 2023

The growth hormone (GH) locus has experienced a dramatic evolution in primates, becoming multigenic and diverse in anthropoids. Despite sequence information from a vast number of primate species, it has remained unclear how the multigene family was favored. We compared the structure and composition of apes’ GH loci as a prerequisite to understanding their origin and possible evolutionary role. These thorough analyses of the GH loci of the chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan were done by resorting to previously sequenced bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) harboring them, as well as to their respective genome projects data available in GenBank. The GH loci of modern man, Neanderthal, gibbon, and wild boar were retrieved from GenBank. Coding regions, regulatory elements, and repetitive sequences were identified and compared among species. The GH loci of all the analyzed species are flanked by the genes CD79B (5′) and ICAM-1 (3′). In man, Neanderthal, and chimpanzee, the loci were integrated by five almost indistinguishable genes; however, in the former two, they rendered three different hormones, and in the latter, four different proteins were derived. Gorilla exhibited six genes, gibbon seven, and orangutan four. The sequences of the proximal promoters, enhancers, P-elements, and a locus control region (LCR) were highly conserved. The locus evolution might have implicated duplications of the ancestral pituitary gene (GH-N) and subsequent diversification of the copies, leading to the placental single GH-V gene and the multiple CSH genes.
Perancangan Hiasan Dinding Berbahan Dasar Limbah Tektile Untuk Interior Kafe Dengan Teknik Tapestri
Authors: Jannah Annisa Khafsul 
Published: January 2023

Perancangan hiasan dinding berbahan dasar limbah tekstil untuk interior kafe dengan teknik tapestri pada pelengkap interior kafe adalah upaya dalam pengurangan limbah tekstil dengan menambahkan nilai baru, sekaligus memanfaatkan ketertarikan masyarakat dalam mendokumentasikan suatu momen untuk kemudian di upload kesosial media. Hiasan dinding untuk interior kafe dikarenakan kafe merupakan ruang public dengan peningkatan penyebaran jumlah kedai diseluruh Indonesia yang berkembang paling pesat antara tahun 2019-2020. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode perancangan dengan teori Gustami, metode penciptaan seni kriya dengan carapendekatan metodologis melalui tiga tahap dan enam langkah dalam penciptaanseni kriya. Berdasarkan tahapannya, terdiri dari eksplorasi, perancangan, dan perwujudan. Tema untuk konsep karya hiasan dinding recycle ramah lingkungan ini yaitu kekayaan Indonesia dalam kekurangannya, tema ini mengangkat penggambaran keindahan dan kekayaan alam milik Indonesia sekaligus menyampaikan penyebab yang menjadikannya juga suatu kekurangan bagi Indonesia.
LIONG SEBAGAI SUMBER IDE PENCIPTAAN MOTIF BATIK PADA BUSANA CASUAL WANITA
Authors: Nursiyah Diyah Sri , - Agung Cahyana 
Published: January 2023

Indonesia dihuni oleh masyarakat yang beranekaragam, keberagaman ini meliputi suku bangsa, agama, kepercayaan, bahasa dan ras. Oleh karenanya, Indonesia menjadi negara yang memiliki berbagai macam kebudayaan, salah satunya adalah kebudayaan yang berbentuk wastra yang sering disebut dengan batik. Motif-motif batik yang ada banyak dipengaruhi oleh kebudayaan yang beragam dari setiap suku dan ras atau etnis yang mendiami Indonesia, salah satunya adalah etnis Tionghoa. Etnis Tionghoa memiliki satu hewan mitologi kepercayaan yang mendapat penghormatan tertinggi yaitu Liong atau Naga China. Karena kedudukannya yang tinggi ini, maka simbol Liong atau naga ini sering digunakan untuk melambangkan maharaja serta kaisar-kaisar Tionghoa. Selain itu, simbol Liong atau naga juga digunakan sebagai simbol pada bangunan-bangunan suci, salah satunya adalah klentheng. Klentheng merupakan tempat untuk beribadah bagi masyarakat Tionghoa yang beragama Konghucu karena simbol naga dipercaya dapat menjembatani antara dunia manusia dan Illahi, pelindung dan pengusir roh jahat. Ide untuk menciptakan sebuah karya dengan motif baru dengan menggunakan teknik batik tulis. Dalam proses penciptaan ini dilakukan secara metedologis melalui beberapa tahapan yaitu eksplorasi, perancangan, dan penciptaan karya. Hasil yang dicapai adalah terciptanya motif batik tulis dengan sumber ide Liong atau Naga China. Karya berjumlah 4 yang terwujud dalam busana casual wanita. Adapun nama motif batik yang diciptakan meliputi: Genthala Akzha, Genthala Thalassa, Genthala Sadana, dan Genthala Anila. Tujuan dari penciptaan Tugas Akhir ini untuk mengenalkan percampuran budaya yang ada di Surakarta dalam wujud batik dengan inovasi baru.
INTERPRETASI LAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH PROVINSI BALI TAHUN 2019-2021
Authors: Putri Ferica Christinawati 
Published: January 2023

Pemberlakuan sistem akuntansi pemerintah berbasis akrual menuntut akuntabilitas dan transparansi pada setiap Pemerintah Daerah di Indonesia. Bentuk akuntabilitas dan transparansi Pemerintahan Daerah diwujudkan melalui Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah (LKPD). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan menggunakan sumber data yang berasal dari LKPD Pemerintah Provinsi Bali Tahun Anggaran 2019-2021. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kondisi keuangan Pemerintah Provinsi Bali dengan menggunakan Rasio Operasi dan Komitmen Layanan, Rasio Kelenturan Keuangan, Rasio Likuiditas Operasional, Rasio Solvabilitas Jangka Pendek, dan Rasio Kemandirian Keuangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Rasio Operasi dan Komitmen Layanan setiap tahunnya mengalami penurunan, Rasio Kelenturan Keuangan menunjukkan kondisi keuangan yang baik dalam memenuhi belanja wajib, Rasio Likuiditas Operasional menunjukkan kemampuan organisasi dalam beroperasi dengan baik, Rasio Solvabilitas Jangka Pendek menunjukkan total aset lancar yang dimiliki Pemerintah Provinsi Bali sangat cukup untuk memenuhi kewajiban lancar, dan Rasio Kelenturan Keuangan menunjukkan bahwa Pemerintah Provinsi Bali kontribusi Pendapatan Asli Daerah berdasarkan Rasio A termasuk kategori baik dan Rasio B termasuk pada kategori tidak baik dalam mendanai aktivitas pemerintahannya. Kata kunci : Kondisi Keuangan; Rasio Keuangan; Akuntabilitas