bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual inspection with augmented reality head‐mounted display: An Australian usability case study
Authors: Howard Sara , Jang Ryan , O'Keeffe Valerie , Manning Kosta , Trott Robert , Hordacre Ann‐Louise , Spoehr John 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAugmented reality (AR) is an Industry 4.0 technology. For more than a decade, advancements in AR technology and their applications have been expected to revolutionise the manufacturing industry and deliver quality and productivity gains. However, due to factors such as equipment costs, skills shortages and technological limitations of AR devices, operational deployment beyond prototypes has been constrained. Real‐world, usability studies can explore barriers to implementation and improve system design. This paper details a mixed method usability case study of an AR head‐mounted display (HMD) to perform a short, simple visual inspection task. Twenty‐two participants from South Australian manufacturing businesses inspected a pump and pipe skid while working at height. Overall, workload demands for the task were considered acceptable and just below the “low” workload threshold (NASA Task Load Index, mean = 29.3) and the system usability was rated “average” (system usability scale, mean = 68.5). The results suggest the task did not place too high a burden on users and was an appropriate initial exposure to AR HMDs, but further refinement to the interface would be desirable before implementation to minimise frustration and promote learning. Users were enthusiastic and open‐minded about the AR HMD although results indicate that even with recent advancements in AR HMD technology, interactions between the task, technology and environment continue to cause human and technical challenges—some of which are relatively straightforward to address but others are dependent on larger‐scale efforts.
Perioperative therapy with FLOT4 significantly increases survival in patients with gastroesophageal and gastric cancer in a large real‐world cohort
Authors: Möhring Christian , Mańczak Adrianna , Timotheou Aliki , Sadeghlar Farsaneh , Zhou Taotao , Mahn Robert , Monin Malte B. , Toma Marieta , Feldmann Georg , Brossart Peter , Köksal Mümtaz , Sarria Gustavo R. , Sommer Nils , Lingohr Philipp , Jafari Azin , Kalff Jörg C. , Strassburg Christian P. , Gonzalez‐Carmona Maria A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn 2019, the FLOT4 protocol was established as the new standard for perioperative therapy in patients with locally advanced gastroesophageal and gastric cancer. Whether this protocol is beneficial in a real‐world setting remains a question with limited answers to date. In our study, a large cohort of unselected patients treated with FLOT4 was analyzed and compared to protocols based on 5‐FU/platinum derivative. This retrospective analysis included patients with locally advanced gastroesophageal and gastric cancer treated with perioperative FLOT or 5‐FU/platinum derivative at University Hospital, Bonn between 2010 and 2022 in a curative setting (n = 99). Overall survival, disease‐free survival, therapy response and therapy complications were analyzed. Patients treated with FLOT showed a statistically significant longer median overall survival of 57.8 vs 28.9 months (HR: 0.554, 95% CI: 0.317‐0.969, P = .036). Moreover, pathological tumor regression (pTR) was significantly higher in the FLOT group compared to the 5‐FU/platinum group (P = .001). Subgroup analysis showed a favorable survival benefit for the FLOT vs 5‐FU/platinum derivate in patients with AEG and non‐signet cell carcinoma. Overall, FLOT was tolerated well but CTCAE ≥3 grade neutropenia and diarrhea occurred more often within the FLOT group. Similar to the prospective phase II/III trials, FLOT4 was the best protocol for patients with locally advanced gastroesophageal and gastric cancer as perioperative therapy in terms of overall survival and pathological response rate compared to 5‐FU/platinum derivative protocols. Interestingly, patients with gastroesophageal cancer benefitted more from this therapy. In contrast, patients with signet ring cells appear not to benefit from addition of docetaxel.
Recombinant human metallothionein‐III alleviates oxidative damage induced by copper and cadmium in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Sun Zuoyi , Qin Jianxin , Yuan Hailiang , Guo Menghao , Shang Mengting , Niu Shuyan , Li Yunjing , Li Qiang , Xue Yuying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecombinant human metallothionein III (rh‐MT‐III) is a genetically engineered product produced by Escherichia coli fermentation technology. Its molecules contain abundant reducing sulfhydryl groups, which possess the ability to bind heavy metal ions. The present study was to evaluate the binding effects of rh‐MT‐III against copper and cadmium in vitro and to investigate the antioxidant activity of rh‐MT‐III using Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo. For in vitro experiments, the binding rates of copper and cadmium were 91.4% and 97.3% for rh‐MT‐III at a dosage of 200 μg/mL at 10 h, respectively. For in vivo assays, the oxidative stress induced by copper (CuSO4, 10 μg/mL) and cadmium (CdCl2, 10 μg/mL) was significantly reduced after 72 h of exposure to different doses of rh‐MT‐III (5–500 μg/mL), indicated by restoring locomotion behavior and growth, and reducing malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species levels in C. elegans. Moreover, rh‐MT‐III decreased the deposition of lipofuscin and fat content, which could delay the progression of aging. In addition, rh‐MT‐III (500 μg/mL) promoted the up‐regulation of Mtl‐1 and Mtl‐2 gene expression in C. elegans, which could enhance the resistance to oxidative stress by increasing the enzymatic activity of antioxidant defense system and scavenging free radicals. The results indicated that supplemental rh‐MT‐III could effectively protect C. elegans from heavy metal stress, providing an experimental basis for the future application and development of rh‐MT‐III.
Lrp5 p.Val667Met Variant Compromises Bone Mineral Density and Matrix Properties in Osteoporosis
Authors: Fabre Stéphanie , Bourmaud Morgane , Mabilleau Guillaume , Goulet Ruben , Couturier Aude , Dentel Alexandre , Picaud Serge , Funck‐Brentano Thomas , Collet Corinne , Cohen‐Solal Martine 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTEarly‐onset osteoporosis (EOOP) has been associated with several genes, including LRP5, coding for a coreceptor in the Wnt pathway. Variants in LRP5 were also described in osteoporosis pseudoglioma syndrome, combining severe osteoporosis and eye abnormalities. Genomewide‐association studies (GWAS) showed that LRP5 p.Val667Met (V667M) variant is associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased fractures. However, despite association with a bone phenotype in humans and knockout mice, the impact of the variant in bone and eye remains to be investigated. Here, we aimed to evaluate the bone and ocular impact of the V667M variant. We recruited 11 patients carrying the V667M variant or other loss‐of‐function variants of LRP5 and generated an Lrp5V667M mutated mice. Patients had low lumbar and hip BMD Z‐score and altered bone microarchitecture evaluated by HR‐pQCT compared with an age‐matched reference population. Murine primary osteoblasts from Lrp5V667M mice showed lower differentiation capacity, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization capacity in vitro. Ex vivo, mRNA expression of Osx, Col1, and osteocalcin was lower in Lrp5V667M bones than controls (all p < 0.01). Lrp5V667M 3‐month‐old mice, compared with control (CTL) mice, had decreased BMD at the femur (p < 0.01) and lumbar spine (p < 0.01) with normal microarchitecture and bone biomarkers. However, Lrp5V667M mice revealed a trend toward a lower femoral and vertebral stiffness (p = 0.14) and had a lower hydroxyproline/proline ratio compared with CTL, (p = 0.01), showing altered composition and quality of the bone matrix. Finally, higher tortuosity of retinal vessels was found in the Lrp5V667M mice and unspecific vascular tortuosity in two patients only. In conclusion, Lrp5V667M variant is associated with low BMD and impaired bone matrix quality. Retinal vascularization abnormalities were observed in mice. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The effectiveness, acceptability, and sustainability of a 4‐week DBT‐informed group therapy in increasing psychological resilience for college students with mental health issues
Authors: Lee Soonhee , Arora Ishita Sunita 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveAn adapted, time‐limited dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) skills training group therapy can prove to be an evidence‐based treatment that can easily fit the needs, demands, and limitations of University Counseling Centers to serve college students with mental disorders. The present naturalistic study investigated the effectiveness, acceptability, and sustainability of a 4‐week DBT‐informed group therapy in enhancing psychological resilience.MethodsParticipants included 59 college students with heterogeneous mental health concerns. They attended weekly 1.5‐hr DBT‐informed, resilience‐building group therapy for 4 weeks. Psychological resilience, mindfulness, emotional dysregulation, and overall distress were assessed at pretreatment and posttreatment, as well as at 1‐ and 3‐month follow‐ups.ResultsFindings showed increased psychological resilience among the participants at posttreatment and follow‐ups, and provided preliminary evidence for the role of mindfulness as an important contributor to enhancing psychological resilience even after controlling for risk factors, treatment dosage, pregroup psychological resilience, and changes in emotion dysregulation and overall distress.ConclusionA 4‐week DBT‐informed skills training group therapy can be utilized as a time‐efficient, cost‐effective, well‐accepted preventative treatment with the potential longitudinal impact to boost psychological resilience for college students with mental health issues.
Topological Flatband Loop States in Fractal‐Like Photonic Lattices
Authors: Song Limin , Xie Yuqing , Xia Shiqi , Tang Liqin , Song Daohong , Rhim Jun‐Won , Chen Zhigang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNoncontractible loop states (NLSs) are a recently realized topological entity in flatband lattices, arising typically from the band touching at a point where a flat band intersects one or more dispersive bands. There exists also band touching across a plane, where one flat band overlaps another all over the Brillouin zone without crossing a dispersive band. Such isolated plane‐touching flat bands remain largely unexplored. For example, what are the topological features associated with such flatband degeneracy? Here, nontrivial NLSs and robust boundary modes in a system with such degeneracy are demonstrated. Based on a tailored photonic lattice constructed from the well‐known fractal Sierpinski gasket, the wavefunction singularities and the conditions for the existence of the NLSs are theoretically analyzed. It is shown that the NLSs can exist in both singular and nonsingular flat bands, as a direct reflection of the real‐space topology. Experimentally, directly such flatband NLSs in a laser‐written Corbino‐shaped fractal‐like lattice are observed. This work not only leads to a deep understanding of the mechanism behind the nontrivial flatband states, but also opens up new avenues to explore fundamental phenomena arising from the interplay of flatband degeneracy, fractal structures, and band topology.
Rapid estimation of patient‐specific organ doses using a deep learning network
Authors: Myronakis Marios , Stratakis John , Damilakis John 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatient‐specific organ‐dose estimation in diagnostic CT examinations can provide useful insights on individualized secondary cancer risks, protocol optimization, and patient management. Current dose estimation techniques mainly rely on time‐consuming Monte Carlo methods or/and generalized anthropomorphic phantoms.PurposeWe proposed a proof‐of‐concept rapid workflow based on deep learning networks to estimate organ doses for individuals following thorax Computed Tomography (CT) examinations.MethodsCT scan data from 95 individuals undergoing thorax CT examinations were used. Monte Carlo simulations were performed and three‐dimensional (3D) dose distributions for each patient were obtained. A fully connected sequential deep learning network model was constructed and trained for each organ considered in this study. Water‐equivalent diameter (WED), scan length, and tube current were the independent variables. Organ doses for heart, lungs, esophagus, and bones were calculated from the Monte Carlo 3D distribution and used to train the deep learning networks. Organ dose predictions from each network were evaluated using an independent data set of 19 patients.ResultsThe trained networks provided organ dose predictions within a second. There was very good agreement between the deep learning network predictions and reference organ dose values calculated from Monte Carlo simulations. The average difference was −1.5% for heart, −1.6% for esophagus, −1.0% for lungs, and −0.4% for bones in the 95 patients dataset, and −5.1%, 4.3%, 0.9%, and 1.4% respectively in the 19 patients test dataset.ConclusionsThe proposed workflow demonstrated that patient‐specific organ‐doses can be estimated in nearly real‐time using deep learning networks. The workflow can be readily implemented and requires a small set of representative data for training.
Optimizing the technique for eliciting antidromic sural and superficial fibular sensory nerve action potentials
Authors: Winkel Antony , Cook Mark , Roberts Leslie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsLower limb sensory nerve action potentials are an important component of nerve conduction studies. Most testing of the sural and superficial fibular nerves involves antidromic techniques above the ankle, which result in a falsely unobtainable response in 2%–6% of healthy people. Cadaver, surgical, and more recent ultrasound series suggest this may relate to the site of fascia penetration of the nerve, and it is hypothesized that a modified technique may be more likely to produce reliable responses and reduce false‐negative errors.MethodsThis article evaluates a variety of recording distances for both nerves in 100 healthy controls, including varying recording electrode positions and techniques, to provide the optimal electrodiagnostic information in healthy control subjects.ResultsShorter stimulation distances produce higher‐amplitude responses but become confounded by increasing stimulation artifact at very short distances, with the best balance found at around 10 cm. In both sural and superficial fibular nerves, amplitude increases by approximately 10%/cm compared with the standard 14 cm distance. The Daube superficial fibular technique produced a higher amplitude than the Izzo Intermediate technique (by 22.46%, p < .001). The calculated upper limit of normal for side‐to‐side variation in amplitude was around 50% in the sural nerve but over 70% in the superficial fibular nerve.DiscussionIt is proposed that the 10 cm recording distance for both nerves is optimal, with minimal false‐negatives and a higher amplitude elicited than with existing techniques.
Preparation and properties of novel tung oil and linseed oil modified lignin phenolic resin
Authors: Xu Chunyu , Meng Fuliang , Qin Yuan , Zhang Yimiao , Hu Zhenguo , Jia Yufei , Yuan Xinhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReplacing petroleum‐based raw materials with renewable materials is now obviously more in line with the needs of sustainable development. In this work, lignin, tung oil and linseed oil were selected to prepare tung oil modified lignin based phenolic resin (T‐LPF) and linseed oil modified lignin based phenolic resin (L‐LPF). T‐LPF and L‐LPF were characterized by FTIR, DSC, DMA, TGA, universal testing machine, SEM, friction and wear tester and 3D profilometer. The results show that compared with PF and LPF, the introduction of tung oil and linseed oil can reduce the curing activity and increase the curing peak temperature. The modified T‐LPF and L‐LPF have better thermal stability and mechanical properties. Compared with PF and LPF, the tensile strength of T‐LPF is increased by 33.4% and 41.75%, while the flexural strength is increased by 26.86% and 38.27% with the flexural strain increased by 68.97% and 91.41%. The tensile strength of L‐LPF is increased by 21.18% and 28.76%, while the bending strength is increased by 10.86% and 20.84% with the bending strain increased by 52.41% and 72.66%. T‐LPF and L‐LPF have better wear resistance than PF. They can be potentially used as resin matrix of high‐performance composites and friction composites.
The mechanical and thermal properties of natural rubber/zinc methacrylate composites by latex compounding techniques
Authors: Chen Jing , Liao Lusheng , Zhang Fuquan , Hu Siwen , JiaYing Huang , Shuyun Shen , Dongning He , Mingyue Xue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractZinc methacrylate (ZDMA) is a typical ionic compound that readily reacts with rubber molecules. In this work, a new approach was developed to prepare natural rubber (NR)/ZDMA composites with a lower loading of ZDMA. ZDMA was prepared by the reaction of methacrylic acid (MAA) and ZnO in an aqueous solution. Then the NR/ZDMA masterbatches were obtained by latex compounding techniques; followed by vulcanization either with dicumyl peroxide (DCP) or together with a sulfur‐based vulcanization system (SVS). The results of mechanical property tests showed that the increment of ZDMA will decrease the cure rate index and increase crosslink density. When the content of ZDMA was more than 8.7 phr, not only the 300% and 500% modulus, tensile, and tear strength of NR/ZDMA composites were improved remarkably, but also the aging resistance and thermal stability were improved. When the amount of ZDMA is less than 8.7 phr, SVS shows a certain synergistic vulcanization effect with DCP. When 20 phr ZDMA was added, the tensile and tear strength increased by 86.5% and 60.1%, respectively, when contrasted to NR cured with traditional SVS. The structural characterization results revealed that ZDMA and Poly‐ZDMA have been formed and act as a reactive filler in the NR matrix.
Pyrolysis mechanisms of commonly used oxidizers on the 5‐amino‐1H‐tetrazole
Authors: Zheng Dongsen , Wang Jianzhong , Duo Yinxian , Liu Jiping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs a novel energetic material, 5‐Amino‐1H‐tetrazole (5AT) has a history of proposed applications in the fields of airbags, rocket engines, and new propellants. However, the application of 5AT is limited for its poor combustion stability. Identification of the thermal behaviour and pyrolysis mechanism of 5AT could provide guidance on the control of combustion behaviour, which can be effectively improved by adding oxidizers. In this paper, five kinds of oxidizers (Ammonium perchlorate (AP), Sodium perchlorate (NaClO4), Ammonium nitrate (AN), Manganese oxide (MnO2), and Chromic oxide (Cr2O3)) are mixed with 5AT for investigating the catalytic effects of multi‐type oxidizers on 5AT. Thermal behaviour is analysed by the TG‐DSC test and the thermal activation energy is evaluated by Kissinger and Ozawa methods. Moreover, TG‐FTIR and TG‐MS analyses are used to infer the pyrolysis gas products of 5AT/oxidant. The experimental results indicate that the 5AT‐AN has the lowest activation energy, and the degradation process was simplified into one step. The addition of AP, NaClO4, and MnO2 can promote the pyrolysis process of 5AT due to the redox reaction between melamine and the decomposition products of oxidizers, while the catalytic effect of Cr2O3 mainly occurs above 400 °C without the occurrence of oxidation. The catalytic mechanism of Cr2O3 mainly performs on the polyaddition and the ring‐opening reaction of N‐containing heterocycles. The findings of this work may offer valuable direction for understanding, designing, and using 5AT‐based propellants.
Interplay among malnutrition, chemoprevention, and the risk of malaria in young Ugandan children: Longitudinal pharmacodynamic and growth analysis
Authors: Ali Ali Mohamed , Wallender Erika , Hughes Emma , Dorsey Grant , Savic Radojka M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAfrican children are at risk of malaria and malnutrition. We quantified relationships between malaria and malnutrition among young Ugandan children in a high malaria transmission region. Data were used from a randomized controlled trial where Ugandan HIV‐unexposed (n = 393) and HIV‐exposed (n = 186) children were randomized to receive no malaria chemoprevention, monthly sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine, daily trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole, or monthly dihydroartemisinin‐piperaquine (DP) from age 6–24 months, and then were followed off chemoprevention until age 36 months. Monthly height and weight, and time of incident malaria episodes were obtained; 89 children who received DP contributed piperaquine (PQ) concentrations. Malaria hazard was modeled using parametric survival analysis adjusted for repeated events, and height and weight were modeled using a Brody growth model. Among 579 children, stunting (height‐for‐age z‐score [ZHA] < −2) was associated with a 17% increased malaria hazard (95% confidence interval [CI] 10–23%) compared with children with a ZHA of zero. DP was associated with a 35% lower malaria hazard (hazard ratio [HR] [95% CI], 0.65 [0.41–0.97]), compared to no chemoprevention. After accounting for PQ levels, stunted children who received DP had 2.1 times the hazard of malaria (HR [95% CI] 2.1 [1.6–3.0]) compared with children with a ZHA of zero who received DP. Each additional malaria episode was associated with a 0.4% reduced growth rate for height. Better dosing regimens are needed to optimize malaria prevention in malnourished populations, but, importantly, malaria chemoprevention may reduce the burden of malnutrition in early childhood.
Experimental investigations on the shear strength of prestressed beam elements with a focus on the analysis of crack kinematics
Authors: Thoma Sebastian , Fischer Oliver 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe shear strength of prestressed concrete girders with a low amount of web reinforcement is an ongoing subject of research, in particular with regard to the assessment of existing concrete bridges. In this paper, a series of experiments is presented that addresses this question and at the same time significantly lowers the degree of longitudinal reinforcement in line with efficiently designed bridge cross‐sections and contrary to the vast majority of representative scaled test series. The limit case observations allow for a shear failure of the system even in the case of yielding longitudinal reinforcement due to the incremental strain in the tendons that could be activated. The focus of the presented analysis lies within the load‐dependent crack kinematics of the beam elements on the basis of the digital image correlation. It is shown that, depending on the longitudinal strain of the cross‐section, load‐bearing components associated with aggregate interlock do not seem to be mechanically reasonable and an extent of plasticity‐theoretical ideas through a compression chord component appears to be more consistent.
Where Are We on Theorizing Teaching? A Literature Overview
Authors: Praetorius Anna-Katharina , Charalambous Charalambos Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter begins by outlining the key ideas and problems of the theorizing of teaching as discussed in selected English-language literature published over the past six decades. The focus is on the value of theories of teaching and the ways theories of teaching and related terms have been defined. After creating a synthesis of the various attributes which researchers have suggested can be used for assessing the quality of theories of teaching, we discuss the process and difficulties of generating theories, and present a summary of theories of teaching found in the literature. The second part of this chapter clarifies the aims of this book, describes the sampling criteria for the selection of contributors, provides an overview of the structure of the book, and lists the questions that the contributors were asked to address.