bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards an understanding of the factors controlling bacterial diversity and activity in semi-passive Fe- and As-oxidizing bioreactors treating arsenic-rich acid mine drainage
Authors: Diaz-Vanegas Camila , Héry Marina , Desoeuvre Angélique , Bruneel Odile , Joulian Catherine , Jacob Jérôme , Battaglia-Brunet Fabienne , Casiot Corinne 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Semi-passive bioreactors based on iron and arsenic oxidation and coprecipitation are promising for the treatment of As-rich acid mine drainages. However, their performance in the field remains variable and unpredictable. Two bioreactors filled with distinct biomass carriers (plastic or a mix of wood and pozzolana) were monitored during 1 year. We characterized the dynamic of the bacterial communities in these bioreactors, and explored the influence of environmental and operational drivers on their diversity and activity. Bacterial diversity was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. The aioA genes and transcripts were quantified by qPCR and RT-qPCR. Bacterial communities were dominated by several iron-oxidizing genera. Shifts in the communities were attributed to operational and physiochemical parameters including the nature of the biomass carrier, the water pH, temperature, arsenic, and iron concentrations. The bioreactor filled with wood and pozzolana showed a better resilience to disturbances, related to a higher bacterial alpha diversity. We evidenced for the first time aioA expression in a treatment system, associated with the presence of active Thiomonas spp. This confirmed the contribution of biological arsenite oxidation to arsenic removal. The resilience and the functional redundancy of the communities developed in the bioreactors conferred robustness and stability to the treatment systems.
Host-bacteriome transplants of the schistosome snail host Biomphalaria glabrata reflect species-specific associations
Authors: Schols Ruben , Vanoverberghe Isabel , Huyse Tine , Decaestecker Ellen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Microbial symbionts can affect host phenotypes and, thereby, ecosystem functioning. The microbiome is increasingly being recognized as an important player in the tripartite interaction between parasitic flatworms, snail intermediate hosts, and the snail microbiome. In order to better understand these interactions, transplant experiments are needed, which rely on the development of a reliable and reproducible protocol to obtain microbiome-disturbed snails. Here, we report on the first successful snail bacteriome transplants, which indicate that Biomphalaria glabrata can accrue novel bacterial assemblies depending on the available environmental bacteria obtained from donor snails. Moreover, the phylogenetic relatedness of the donor host significantly affected recipients’ survival probability, corroborating the phylosymbiosis pattern in freshwater snails. The transplant technique described here, complemented by field-based studies, could facilitate future research endeavors to investigate the role of specific bacteria or bacterial communities in parasitic flatworm resistance of B. glabrata and might ultimately pave the way for microbiome-mediated control of snail-borne diseases.
Investigating the Relationship Between Marital Status and Ethnicity on Neurocognitive Functioning in a Rural Older Population: A Project FRONTIER Study
Authors: Singer Jonathan , Rerick Peter , Elliott Lauren , Fadalla Carol , McLean Elisabeth , Jump Alayna , Molinar-Lopez Veronica , Neugebauer Volker 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Research indicates being married is related to better physical and psychological health. Little is known regarding the relationship between marital status and neurocognitive functioning and whether it differs based on ethnicity (Hispanic vs non-Hispanic). This is the first study to examine this relationship in a sample of aging adults in rural Texas.

Methods
Data from 1,864 participants (Mage = 59.68, standard deviation [SD]age = 12.21), who were mostly Hispanic (n = 1,053), women (n = 1,295), and married (n = 1,125) from Project Facing Rural Obstacles to Healthcare Now Through Intervention, Education, & Research were analyzed. Neuropsychological testing comprised Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, Trails Making Test, and Clock Drawing. Participants were dichotomized, married, and unmarried.

Results
There was a significant interaction between Hispanic identity and marital status on overall neurocognitive functioning (F(1, 1,480) = 4.79, p &lt; .05, ηp2 = 0.003). For non-Hispanic individuals, married individuals had higher overall neurocognitive functioning compared to unmarried individuals, whereas neurocognitive functioning for Hispanic individuals did not significantly differ between married and unmarried individuals. There were significant main effects as married individuals (M = 84.95, SD = 15.56) had greater overall neurocognitive functioning than unmarried individuals (M = 83.47, SD = 15.86; F(1, 1,480) = 14.67, p &lt; .001, ηp2 = 0.01), Hispanic individuals (M = 78.02, SD = 14.25) had lower overall neurocognitive functioning than non-Hispanic individuals (M = 91.43, SD = 15.07; F(1, 1,480) = 284.99, p &lt; .001, ηp2 = 0.16).

Discussion
Hispanics living in rural areas experience additional stressors that could lead to worse neurocognitive functioning, which is supported by the Lifespan Biopsychosocial Model of Cumulative Vulnerability and Minority Health, which postulates that race/ethnicity/socioeconomic-status-related stressors exacerbate the impact of other life stressors. Reduction of stress on rural Hispanics should be a priority as it could positively affect their neurocognitive functioning.
Neither the Third Nor the Fourth Age: Viewing Old Age Through the Philosophical Lens of Ambiguity
Authors: Pickard Susan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper argues that the philosophy of ambiguity, associated with Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Simone de Beauvoir, provides a helpful framework for understanding the complex and paradoxical nature of old age outside the dominant categories of the “third” and “fourth” ages. Building on philosophical literature in cultural gerontology including that focused on the “art of living” and other approaches that draw on existentialist thought, it suggests “ambiguity” as a theme that has been overlooked in such literature. The advantage of this approach is that it can accommodate contradictory elements and thus underpin an integrated approach to old age. At the same time, in distinguishing between ontological and social dimensions of ambiguity, the conceptual framework offers a new perspective on ageism that can help clarify the distinction between ageism as oppression and the negative aspects of deep old age itself. The paper is structured as follows. After making the case for the value and importance of “ambiguity” as a framework for viewing old age, I set out the key aspects of this philosophy as found in the work of Merleau-Ponty and particularly Beauvoir. I then apply this framework to a discussion of 2 literary memoirs of deep old age, by Diana Athill and Florida Scott-Maxwell, respectively. I argue that the picture of old age that emerges contrasts with the hegemonic discourses enframed by successful aging and frailed old age and offers the possibility not only of a true appreciation of old age but also of a more meaningful life course itself.
The founding charter of the Omic Biodiversity Observation Network (Omic BON)
Authors: Meyer Raïssa , Davies Neil , Pitz Kathleen J , Meyer Chris , Samuel Robyn , Anderson Jane , Appeltans Ward , Barker Katharine , Chavez Francisco P , Duffy J Emmett , Goodwin Kelly D , Hudson Maui , Hunter Margaret E , Karstensen Johannes , Laney Christine M , Leinen Margaret , Mabee Paula , Macklin James A , Muller-Karger Frank , Pade Nicolas , Pearlman Jay , Phillips Lori , Provoost Pieter , Santi Ioulia , Schigel Dmitry , Schriml Lynn M , Soccodato Alice , Suominen Saara , Thibault Katherine M , Ung Visotheary , van de Kamp Jodie , Wallis Elycia , Walls Ramona , Buttigieg Pier Luigi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Omic BON is a thematic Biodiversity Observation Network under the Group on Earth Observations Biodiversity Observation Network (GEO BON), focused on coordinating the observation of biomolecules in organisms and the environment. Our founding partners include representatives from national, regional, and global observing systems; standards organizations; and data and sample management infrastructures. By coordinating observing strategies, methods, and data flows, Omic BON will facilitate the co-creation of a global omics meta-observatory to generate actionable knowledge. Here, we present key elements of Omic BON's founding charter and first activities.
Near-surface characterization using distributed acoustic sensing in an urban area: Granada, Spain
Authors: Li Yang , Perton Mathieu , Gaite Beatriz , Ruiz-Barajas Sandra , Spica Zack J 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARY
The Granada Basin in southeast Spain is an area of moderate seismicity. Yet, it hosts some of the highest seismic hazards in the Iberian Peninsula due to the presence of shallow soft sediments amplifying local ground motion. In urban areas, seismic measurements often suffer from sparse instrumentation. An enticing alternative to conventional seismometers is the distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology that can convert fibre-optic telecommunication cables into dense arrays of seismic sensors. In this study, we perform a shallow structure analysis using the ambient seismic field interferometry method. We conduct a DAS array field test in the city of Granada on the 26 and 27 August 2020, using a telecommunication fibre. In addition to the existing limitations of using DAS with unknown fibre-ground coupling conditions, the complex geometry of the fibre and limited data recording duration further challenge the extraction of surface-wave information from the ambient seismic field in such an urban environment. Therefore, we develop a processing scheme that incorporates a frequency–wavenumber (f−k) filter to enhance the quality of the virtual shot gathers and related multimode dispersion images. We are able to use this data set to generate several shear-wave velocity (VS) profiles for different sections of the cable. The shallow VS structure shows a good agreement with different geological conditions of soil deposits. This study demonstrates that DAS could provide insights into soil characterization and seismic microzonation in urban areas. In addition, the results contribute to a better understanding of local site response to ground motion.
Proteomics of human spermatozoa
Authors: Castillo Judit , de la Iglesia Alberto , Leiva Marina , Jodar Meritxell , Oliva Rafael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Proteomic methodologies offer a robust approach to identify and quantify thousands of proteins from semen components in both fertile donors and infertile patients. These strategies provide an unprecedented discovery potential, which many research teams are currently exploiting. However, it is essential to follow a suitable experimental design to generate robust data, including proper purification of samples, appropriate technical procedures to increase identification throughput, and data analysis following quality criteria. More than 6000 proteins have been described so far through proteomic analyses in the mature sperm cell, increasing our knowledge on processes involved in sperm function, intercommunication between spermatozoa and seminal fluid, and the transcriptional origin of the proteins. These data have been complemented with comparative studies to ascertain the potential role of the identified proteins on sperm maturation and functionality, and its impact on infertility. By comparing sperm protein profiles, many proteins involved in the acquisition of fertilizing ability have been identified. Furthermore, altered abundance of specific protein groups has been observed in a wide range of infertile phenotypes, including asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, and normozoospermia with unsuccessful assisted reproductive techniques outcomes, leading to the identification of potential clinically useful protein biomarkers. Finally, proteomics has been used to evaluate alterations derived from semen sample processing, which might have an impact on fertility treatments. However, the intrinsic heterogeneity and inter-individual variability of the semen samples have resulted in a relatively low overlap among proteomic reports, highlighting the relevance of combining strategies for data validation and applying strict criteria for proteomic data analysis to obtain reliable results. This mini-review provides an overview of the most critical steps to conduct robust sperm proteomic studies, the most relevant results obtained so far, and potential next steps to increase the impact of sperm proteomic data.
Epidemiology of Medically Attended Respiratory Syncytial Virus Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Japanese Children, 2011–2017
Authors: Simões Eric A F , Botteman Marc , Chirikov Viktor 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The objective was to report critical respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)–related epidemiological and healthcare resource utilization measures among Japanese children stratified by gestational and chronological age groups.

Methods
The JMDC (formerly the Japan Medical Data Center) was used to retrospectively identify infants with or without RSV infection (beginning between 1 February 2011 and 31 January 2016, with follow-up through 31 December 2017). The incidence of RSV medically attended lower respiratory tract infection (MALRI) was captured by flagging hospitalizations, outpatient, and emergency department/urgent care visits with an RSV diagnosis code during the season.

Results
Of 113 529 infants and children identified, 17 022 (15%) had an RSV MALRI (14 590 during the season). The RSV MALRI and hospitalization rates in the first 5 months were 14.3/100 child-years (CY) and 6.0/100 CY, respectively (13.4/100 and 5.8/100 CY for full-term infants and 20/100 and 6.8/100 CY for late preterm infants, respectively). Among those with ≥1 type of MALRI event during the RSV season, &gt;80% of children had it by 24 months of chronological age, although this observation differed by prematurity status. Sixty percent of healthcare resource utilization measures started in the outpatient setting.

Conclusions
This study emphasizes the RSV burden in young children and critically highlights the data needed to make decisions about new preventive strategies.
Old Stories, New Victims: Possession of Men in A Nightmare on Elm Street 2 (1985) and Demon (2015)
Authors: Chavez William Samuel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Horror operates as social history and social practice, regularly sacrificing symbolic threats to normalcy and proper socialization to the altar of hegemony. Possession/exorcism cinema, which likewise functions through iterative scapegoating, is typically studied according to its exploitation of young women/girls—with little consideration of possessed young men and those embedded within other social dynamics. This article analyzes A Nightmare on Elm Street 2 (1985) and Demon (2015), as the possession of Jesse in the former corresponds to his suggested homosexuality, while the possession of Piotrek in the latter dramatizes his expatriate resistance to a coercive family culture. Suffering in horror is typically justified through a dispossession of quality traits and a possession of discursive liabilities. Though one might expect such victim choices to undermine the conservative sensibilities of the genre, these films leverage and reinforce the very mechanisms upon which horror depends.
Development and evaluation of visualizations of smoking data for integration into the Sense2Quit app for tobacco cessation
Authors: Brin Maeve , Trujillo Paul , Huang Ming-Chun , Cioe Patricia , Chen Huan , Xu Wenyao , Schnall Rebecca 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Importance
Due to insufficient smoking cessation apps for persons living with HIV, our study focused on designing and testing the Sense2Quit app, a patient-facing mHealth tool which integrated visualizations of patient information, specifically smoking use.

Objectives
The purpose of this paper is to detail rigorous human-centered design methods to develop and refine visualizations of smoking data and the contents and user interface of the Sense2Quit app. The Sense2Quit app was created to support tobacco cessation and relapse prevention for people living with HIV.

Materials and Methods
Twenty people living with HIV who are current or former smokers and 5 informaticians trained in human-computer interaction participated in 5 rounds of usability testing. Participants tested the Sense2Quit app with use cases and provided feedback and then completed a survey.

Results
Visualization of smoking behaviors was refined through each round of usability testing. Further, additional features such as daily tips, games, and a homescreen were added to improve the usability of the app. A total of 66 changes were made to the Sense2Quit app based on end-user and expert recommendations.

Discussion
While many themes overlapped between usability testing with end-users and heuristic evaluations, there were also discrepancies. End-users and experts approached the app evaluation from different perspectives which ultimately allowed us to fill knowledge gaps and make improvements to the app.

Conclusion
Findings from our study illustrate the best practices for usability testing for development and refinement of an mHealth-delivered consumer informatics tool for improving tobacco cessation yet further research is needed to fully evaluate how tools informed by target user needs improve health outcomes.
A broadly applicable approach to enrich electronic-health-record cohorts by identifying patients with complete data: a multisite evaluation
Authors: Klann Jeffrey G , Henderson Darren W , Morris Michele , Estiri Hossein , Weber Griffin M , Visweswaran Shyam , Murphy Shawn N 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
Patients who receive most care within a single healthcare system (colloquially called a “loyalty cohort” since they typically return to the same providers) have mostly complete data within that organization’s electronic health record (EHR). Loyalty cohorts have low data missingness, which can unintentionally bias research results. Using proxies of routine care and healthcare utilization metrics, we compute a per-patient score that identifies a loyalty cohort.

Materials and Methods
We implemented a computable program for the widely adopted i2b2 platform that identifies loyalty cohorts in EHRs based on a machine-learning model, which was previously validated using linked claims data. We developed a novel validation approach, which tests, using only EHR data, whether patients returned to the same healthcare system after the training period. We evaluated these tools at 3 institutions using data from 2017 to 2019.

Results
Loyalty cohort calculations to identify patients who returned during a 1-year follow-up yielded a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.77 using the original model and 0.80 after calibrating the model at individual sites. Factors such as multiple medications or visits contributed significantly at all sites. Screening tests’ contributions (eg, colonoscopy) varied across sites, likely due to coding and population differences.

Discussion
This open-source implementation of a “loyalty score” algorithm had good predictive power. Enriching research cohorts by utilizing these low-missingness patients is a way to obtain the data completeness necessary for accurate causal analysis.

Conclusion
i2b2 sites can use this approach to select cohorts with mostly complete EHR data.
Healthcare Utilization After Thermal Injury: An Analysis Using a Commercial Claims Database
Authors: Lewis Aislinn E , Horns Joshua J , Fleming Irma D , Lewis Giavonni M , Thompson Callie M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Burn injuries affect more than 500,000 people per year in the United States but no previous studies have looked at the impact on the healthcare system. Several prior studies have shown decreased unplanned healthcare utilization after acute care discharge and increased healthcare costs for patients who have undergone burn injury grafting. This study describes postacute care hospitalization healthcare use in burn patients. A retrospective commercial claims database review was performed utilizing Truven MarketScan (MS) database. In a 10-year MS sample, 23,262 patients with burn injuries were identified and matched to a control population in a 1:1 ratio based on age, sex, and total time in the MS database. Pre- and postburn utilization of therapy, emergency department, nutritional support, psychiatry/psychology, home health, skilled nursing facility, inpatient, and outpatient visits were recorded. For controls, pre- and postburn periods were defined using the burn event date of the matched case adjusted by the pair’s relative difference in enrollment into the MS database. A series of negative binomial regressions were completed to evaluate the data. For every outcome, except skilled nursing facility, healthcare utilization was greater in the preinjury burn group relative to controls. Healthcare utilization for the burn cohort postinjury was greater for every outcome compared to controls and remained higher for at least 25-month postinjury and did not return to preinjury levels during this time frame. Relatively higher healthcare utilization prior to injury in burn patients may indicate an important difference in baseline health, and an opportunity for injury prevention.
Dissecting Idiosyncratic Earnings Risk
Authors: Halvorsen Elin , Holter Hans A , Ozkan Serdar , Storesletten Kjetil 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper examines whether nonlinear and non-Gaussian features of earnings dynamics are caused by hours or hourly wages. Our findings from the Norwegian administrative and survey data are as follows: (i) Nonlinear mean reversion in earnings is driven by the dynamics of hours worked rather than wages since wage dynamics are close to linear, while hours dynamics are nonlinear—negative changes to hours are transitory, while positive changes are persistent. (ii) Large earnings changes are driven equally by hours and wages, whereas small changes are associated mainly with wage shocks. (iii) Both wages and hours contribute to negative skewness and high kurtosis for earnings changes, although hour-wage interactions are quantitatively more important. (iv) When considering household earnings and disposable household income, the deviations from normality are mitigated relative to individual labor earnings: changes in disposable household income are approximately symmetric and less leptokurtic.
Graphical neural networks based on physical information constraints for solving the eikonal equation
Authors: Zhan Kai , Wen Xiaotao , Wang Xuben , Song Ping , Kong Chao , Li Atao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Accurate temporal resolution of the eikonal equation forms the cornerstone of seismological studies, including microseismic source localization, and travel-time tomography. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have gained significant attention as an efficient approximation technique for numerical computations. In this study, we put forth a novel model named Eiko-PIGCNet, a graph convolutional neural network that incorporates physical constraints. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model in solving the 3D eikonal equation for travel-time estimation. In our approach, the discretized grid points are converted into a graph data structure, where every grid point is regarded as a node, and the neighboring nodes are interconnected via edges. The node characteristics are defined by incorporating the velocity and spatial coordinates of the respective grid points. Ultimately, the efficacy of the Eiko-PIGCNet and PINNs is evaluated and compared under various velocity models. The results reveal that Eiko-PIGCNet outshines PINNs in terms of solution accuracy and computational efficiency.