bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the ward nurses' discharge‐oriented dietary support scale for older adult patients in Japan
Authors: Miyabe Akemi , Doi Mana , Kanoya Yuka 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to develop a ward nurses' dietary support scale, including physical, psychological, and social background factors in preparation for older adult patients' life after discharge.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study using a self‐reported questionnaire. Scale items were created based on a conceptual analysis, and refined by a Delphi survey. In total, 696 nurses across 16 acute care hospitals in Japan were eligible to participate. The questionnaire comprised 51 items that used a five‐point Likert‐type scale. These items were evaluated using exploratory factor analysis. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Pearson's correlation coefficients were calculated to determine concurrent validity, and construct validity was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsAltogether, 241 surveys were included in the data analysis; 236 nurses participated in both the test and the retest. The exploratory factor analysis identified 20 items from three factors as follows: “Assessment for healthy eating behavior,” “Adjustment of the living environment, including family and caregiver, together with other professions,” and “Continual frailty assessment.” In the confirmatory factor analysis, the fitness indices supported these results. Cronbach's alpha was 0.932 and ICC was 0.867 for the overall scale. In the concurrent validity, the three factors had a moderate correlation (r = 0.295–0.537, P < .01 and r = 0.254–0.648, P < .01), except for one subscale.ConclusionsWe developed a ward nurses' dietary support scale, including physical, psychological, and social background factors in preparation for older adult patients' life after discharge. Its reliability and validity were confirmed.
The autoimmune vulnerability of the node of Ranvier
Authors: Querol Luis , Delmont Emilien , Lleixà Cinta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe nodes of Ranvier (NoR) are essential domains for nerve conduction and their disruption plays a key role in the pathophysiology of immune‐mediated neuropathies. Our understanding of the specialized nodal regions and the immune mechanisms that affect them is growing and has led to the update of peripheral neuropathy classification to include the autoimmune nodopathies, defined by the site of the autoimmune attack. Autoantibodies directed against molecules of the nodal region (as neurofascin‐140/186, neurofascin‐155, contactin‐1, contactin‐associated protein 1, contactin‐associated protein 2, gangliosides, LGI4, or myelin‐associated glycoprotein), macrophage‐induced paranodal demyelination, and phenotypic changes of the nodal domains of Schwann cells have been identified as key mechanisms in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune neuropathies. This review explores the current knowledge of the autoimmune vulnerability of the NoR, including the underlying mechanisms leading to dysfunction in the diverse autoimmune disorders.
Effect of combination of photobiomodulation 904 nm superpulsed laser therapy and Hippophae rhamnoides L. on third‐degree burn wound healing
Authors: Priyadarshi Ashok , Keshri Gaurav K. , Gupta Asheesh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBurn is a traumatic injury and aesthetic scarless repair poses a great challenge in area of cosmetic dermatology. Focus on multimode therapeutic strategies to promote healing of burns by regulating various stages of healing is warranted. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), a non‐invasive modality grabs the attention to repair impaired wounds. Seabuckthorn extract (SBTL‐ALE) is known to possess antioxidant, anti‐inflammation, and tissue‐repair abilities. Current study aims to assess the effect of combination treatment of PBM 904 nm superpulsed laser and SBTL‐ALE (2.5%) on repair of third‐degree burn in rats.MethodsRats were randomized into five groups: uninjured, control, SBTL‐ALE, 904 nm PBMT, and combination. A transdermal burn wound was induced on the dorsal side of rats of all groups except the uninjured group and respective treatment was applied for 7 days postwounding.ResultsDual treatment increased wound area contraction compared to control and either treatment alone. Immunohistochemical analyses exhibited increased angiogenesis, dermal hydration, collagen synthesis, and maintained redox homeostasis as evidenced by enhanced expression (p < 0.05) of CD31, aquaporin3, collagen type 3, Nrf2, and HO1 in combination group compared with control. Conversely, pro‐inflammatory and oxidative stress markers exhibited reduced (p < 0.05) TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β, NOS‐2, ROS levels, and increased catalase activity in combined treatment. Furthermore, energy metabolizing enzymes viz. citrate synthase, CCO, and ATP contents were substantially (p < 0.05) increased, and LDH activity was reduced in the combination group.ConclusionsDual treatment (PBMT + SBTL‐ALE) prominently accelerates third‐degree burn wound healing in rats, which could pave the path for multimode therapeutic strategies for the management of burns and dermal cosmetic care.
Women with heart failure and their experiences of sexuality and intimacy: A qualitative content analysis
Authors: Markhus Lene Søyland , Mårtensson Jan , Keilegavlen Håvard , Fålun Nina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAim and ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore how women with heart failure experience intimacy and sexual activity.BackgroundKnowledge about women diagnosed with heart failure and their sexual activity is scarce. By investigating the experience of sexual activity and intimacy of women diagnosed with heart failure, an alignment between current practice and patients' expectations and needs within this area might be obtained.DesignA qualitative design was used.MethodsFifteen women diagnosed with heart failure were recruited from a heart failure outpatient clinic at a university hospital. The study was carried out from January to September 2018. The inclusion criteria were women >18 years, with estimated New York Heart Association Class II or III living together with a partner. Face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews were undertaken at the hospital. The interviews were organised around a set of predetermined open‐ended questions, transcribed verbatim and analysed using a qualitative content analysis. COREQ guidelines were used.ResultsThe analysis revealed one overarching theme characterises how living with heart failure has an impact on women's sexual relationship. Furthermore, three sub‐themes were identified: (1) redefining sexual activity, (2) reducing sexual activity and (3) maintaining sexual activity.ConclusionWomen need information about sexual activity and heart failure in order to prevent fear and anxiety. It is important to include partners in patient consultations at heart failure outpatient clinics and in sexual counselling. It is furthermore essential to educate patients about sexual activity in relation to medication and comorbidities.Relevance to Clinical PracticeFindings from this study support that information about sexuality and intimacy is a central part of the consultation in a heart failure outpatient clinic, and highlights the importance of not making assumptions about aging, frailty and interest in sexual expression.Patient ContributionData were collected through face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews.
Comparison of efficacy and usability of custom mandibular advancement devices fabricated with the conventional method and digital workflow: A pilot clinical study
Authors: Piskin Bulent , Yılmaz Savaş Tuba , Topal Sila Caglayan , Akbulut Kuddusi , Ezmek Bahadir , Uyar Alper , Sahin Nesrin , Karakoc Omer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo compare the effects of fabricating methods of custom monoblock mandibular advancement devices (MADs) on usability and efficacy in patients with mild and moderate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Materials and MethodsDigitally fabricated custom MADs (dMADs) were produced for 11 OSA participants who had previously used conventionally fabricated custom MADs (cMADs). The participants answered a modified usability questionnaire for both MADs, and the average scores that were given to the questionnaire were evaluated by age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), and the scores of cMADs and dMADs were compared. After 6 months of usage of each MAD, the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI), mean and lowest oxygen saturations, and total sleep time were measured for efficacy assessment. Data were analyzed with Cronbach's alpha, Mann‐Whitney U, Kruskal‐Wallis, Wilcoxon signed‐rank, one‐way repeated measures analyses of variance, and Bonferroni tests (α = 0.05).ResultsCronbach's alpha was found at 0.834 and 0.722 for the conventional and digital questionnaires, respectively. The usability scores of the dMADs were significantly higher than those of cMADs (p = 0.013). There was no difference in usability scores in terms of sex or BMI (p > 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found for cMAD (p = 0.113) among age groups; however, there was a significant difference for dMAD (p = 0.046). The AHI, mean, and lowest oxygen saturation values were significantly affected by MAD usage (p < 0.001). However, total sleep time values did not differ after the MAD treatments (p > 0.05). Significantly lower AHI and significantly higher lowest oxygen saturation values were observed with dMAD, while both appliances led to similar results for mean oxygen saturation and total sleep time values (p > 0.05).ConclusionsParticipant usability scores were higher for digitally manufactured MADs than conventionally manufactured MADs. However, both conventional and digital MADs were found effective in decreasing the AHI levels and increasing the mean and lowest oxygen saturation values of the participants.
Do African egg‐eating snakes (Dasypeltis) exhibit preference for eggs they eat?
Authors: Krupa J. J. , Slabach B. L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAfrican egg‐eating snakes (genus Dasypeltis) are medium‐sized obligate egg‐eating species capable of swallowing large eggs compared to facultative egg‐eating snakes of the same size. Dasypeltis have numerous adaptations for swallowing then crushing eggs to extract the content. Being dependent on an egg diet, it could be predicted that Dasypeltis have the ability to assess the quality of an egg then decide whether to reject or swallow it. For example, a small egg provides less food and takes less time to swallow than a large egg but swallowing a large egg could leave the snake more vulnerable to predation. Despite the possibility of Dasypeltis exhibiting egg preference, little research has addressed this. This study examined egg preference by five species of Dasypeltis in two laboratory experiments. In the first, five species of snakes were given a choice of the widest size range of eggs available from one order of birds. These included nine species of gallinaceous birds ranging from small, soft‐shelled king quail eggs to large, hard‐shelled turkey eggs. In the second experiment, snakes were given a choice of four eggs representing three genera of birds that occur in Africa represented by two galliform and two columbiform species. These eggs varied in volume, color, and hardness of shell. The results show Dasypeltis preferred certain eggs. Large snakes eat eggs of all sizes with preference for the largest, hardest eggs, while the smallest snakes ate only the smallest eggs. Snakes preferred columbiform eggs (dove and pigeon) over galliform eggs (king quail and Japanese quail). This study demonstrated that Dasypeltis in captivity do exhibit preferences for types and sizes of eggs.
The causal effects of inflammatory bowel disease on primary biliary cholangitis: A bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Hongchen , Chen Lanlan , Fan Zhongqi , Lv Guoyue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundObservational studies have indicated that the incidence of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is higher in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients than that in healthy people. However, whether the correlation is causal remains unclear.MethodsThe genetic associations with IBD were obtained from publicly available genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) of European ancestry with 31 665 cases and 33 977 controls, consisting of 17 897 Crohn's disease (CD) and 13 768 ulcerative colitis (UC) cases. The genetic associations with PBC were obtained from a European GWAS with 2764 cases and 10 475 controls. A bidirectional two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design was implemented to determine the causal relationship between IBD and PBC. In the forward MR, the IBD was treated as the exposure while the PBC was the exposure in the reverse MR. The inverse‐variance‐weighted (IVW) method was utilized as the main statistic method, and a series of sensitivity analyses were performed to detect heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy.ResultsA total of 99 valid instrumental variables (IVs) were selected for IBD and the number of IVs for PBC was 18. The forward MR analysis indicated that genetically predicted IBD (UC and CD) was significantly associated with an increased risk of PBC (IVW OR = 1.343; 95% CI: 1.220–1.466). Similar casual associations were observed in UC (IVW OR = 1.244; 95% CI: 1.057–1.430) and CD (IVW OR = 1.269; 95% CI: 1.159–1.379). Such results were still consistent in multiple MR methods. The reverse MR analysis implicated that genetic susceptibility to PBC might not alter the risk of IBD (IVW OR = 1.070; 95% CI: 0.984–1.164).ConclusionOur study found that genetically predicted IBD can increase the risk of PBC while not vice versa in the European population, which may enlighten the aetiology of PBC, together with the IBD patient management.
Comparison of the skeletodental effects of miniscrew‐anchored and tooth‐anchored facemask treatment in growing patients with skeletal class III malocclusions
Authors: Choi Youn‐Kyung , Park Jung Joo , Jeon Hyeran Helen , Kim Yong‐Il 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis retrospective study aimed to evaluate the skeletal and dental effects of the miniscrew‐anchored facemask in skeletal Class III growing patients and compare them with those of conventional tooth‐anchored facemasks.MethodsRetrospectively a total of 50 patients with skeletal Class III (mean ANB: −1.12°) were investigated and divided into two groups according to the treatment modality. Twenty‐five patients were treated using the conventional tooth‐anchored facemask (T group: mean age 9.3 ± 1.1 years, mean ANB: −0.93°) whereas the other 25 were treated using a miniscrew‐anchored facemask (M group: mean age 9.7 ± 1.3 years. mean ANB: −1.61°). Two miniscrews were placed on the palate for bone anchorage. In both T and M groups, facemasks applied a force of 20–30° down on the occlusal plane, and the force increased from 200 g to 300–350 g per side throughout the treatments. The patients were instructed to wear facemasks for at least 14 h per day. A total of 16 angular and 11 linear cephalometric measurements were analysed to determine the skeletal and dental changes before and after facemask treatment. A paired t‐test was used to verify the effects before and after treatment in each group.ResultsAll miniscrews were well maintained during treatment. The values of SNA, SN‐ANS, ANB and A to N‐Perp, which indicate anterior protraction of the maxilla, were significantly higher in the M group compared with the T group (P < .05). Proclination of the maxillary incisors, extrusion and mesialization of the maxillary molars were significantly greater in the T group (P < .05).ConclusionsMiniscrew‐anchored facemask treatment increased the amount of maxillary protraction and reduced the dental side effects compared with conventional tooth‐anchored facemask treatment in growing patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion.
Emotional symptoms, dietary patterns and dental caries: A cross‐sectional study in adolescents
Authors: Guo Peirong , Zou Chaoyi , An Na , Huang Jianping , Yang Jie , Lu Qingyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study investigates the relationship between emotional symptoms and dental caries in adolescents and the role of dietary patterns as mediating variables.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study used a multistage stratified random sample of schools, in Jiangsu, with a sample of 17,997 adolescents aged 11–19. Measures included emotional symptoms, dental caries, toothbrushing frequency, and dietary patterns. Logistic and Poisson regression models were conducted to test mediation hypotheses.ResultsThe decayed, missing, and filled teeth index (DMFT) was related to depressive symptoms following adjustment for other variables (incidence rate ratios [IRR] = 1.09; p < 0.05), but not to anxiety symptoms level (IRR = 1.02; p > 0.05). The link between depressive symptoms and DMFT had a partial mediation impact on toothbrushing frequency (a, b, c′ all p < 0.05). Sugary foods, but not fried foods, partially mediated the link between depressive symptoms and caries when toothbrushing frequency was adjusted.ConclusionThere are direct and indirect associations between emotional symptoms and caries; the latter may be due to changes in oral health behaviours that increase the risk of caries.
Permanent his bundle pacing: Description and comparison of four implantation techniques
Authors: Bontempi Luca , Fundaliotis Angelica , Moretti Marina , Sammartino Antonio Maria , Cantù Edoardo , Arabia Gianmarco , Baldassarre Irene , Giacopelli Daniele , Pitì Antonino , Curnis Antonio , Dell'Aquila Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionPermanent His bundle pacing (HBP) is the most physiological pacing modality, and new implantation systems are now available. The aim of the present study was to describe and compare four different techniques to perform HBP.Methods and resultsWe included all consecutive patients who underwent a HBP attempt in our initial experience between June 2020 and May 2022. The success and characteristics of the procedure were compared among four implantation techniques: the Biotronik Selectra 3D sheath with Solia S60 lead (Selectra 3D), the Boston Scientific Site Selective Pacing Catheter with Ingevity lead (SSPC), the Abbott steerable stylet locator with Tendril lead (Locator), and the use of a standard stylet manually pre‐shaped with a conventional pacing lead (Curved stylet). Ninety‐eight patients (median age 79 years [interquartile range, 73‐83], 83% men) were identified. The Selectra 3D technique was used in 43 procedures, SSPC in 26, Locator in 18 and Curved stylet in 11. The groups had similar clinical characteristics. Overall, procedural success was achieved in 91 patients (93%) with similar proportions among groups (p = .986). Fluoroscopy and procedural times were 6.0 (4.4‐8.5) and 60 (45‐75) min, respectively, without significant differences (p = .333 and p = .790). The rate of selective capture, the pacing threshold, and the paced QRS duration were also comparable. There was one pre‐discharge HBP lead dislodgment (1%) that required implant revision.ConclusionIn our experience, four techniques for HBP achieved comparable results in terms of safety and effectiveness. The availability of different systems may lead to widespread use of physiological pacing.
Does disorganised attachment lead to auditory hallucinations via dissociation? An experimental study with an analogue sample
Authors: Puckett Joseph , Sood Monica , Newman‐Taylor Katherine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesAuditory hallucinations (such as hearing voices) are common in clinical and non‐clinical populations. Many people who hear voices also report early adversity and have an insecure attachment style. Current cognitive models suggest that dissociation mediates an association between disorganised attachment and auditory hallucinations, but this has not been tested experimentally.DesignWe recruited a non‐clinical analogue sample highly predisposed to auditory hallucinations and utilised an experimental design to examine the impact of disorganised attachment imagery on hallucinatory experiences, and whether dissociation mediates an expected association.MethodsParticipants completed self‐report measures of state auditory hallucinations and dissociation before and after random allocation to secure or disorganised attachment conditions.ResultsAttachment imagery did not affect auditory hallucinations. Both secure and disorganised attachment conditions increased state dissociation. Secure attachment imagery reduced paranoia, but state dissociation did not mediate this effect. An exploratory analysis found that trait dissociation fully accounted for the association between trait‐disorganised attachment and hallucinatory experience while controlling for paranoia.ConclusionsSecure attachment imagery reduces paranoia but not auditory hallucinations and the impact on paranoia is not mediated by dissociation. Secure attachment imagery may be useful in reducing fears and distress associated with voices, rather than the frequency or severity of hallucinations. Disorganised attachment may increase hallucinatory experiences for people vulnerable to dissociation. Trait dissociation should be assessed in clinical settings and addressed where indicated as a means of targeting vulnerability to distressing voices.
Public policy research in Colombia: State of the art (phase 1), 2008–2018
Authors: Whittingham María Victoria 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis review article presents the results of an exploratory study for illuminating the state of the research concerning public policy in Colombia. A core assumption of the project is that the national capacity (intellectual capital) for producing relevant and thorough research in public policy, theory and practice, is a key element for the quality of its democracy and the sustainability of the system. A systematic documentary review of the research papers produced between 2008 and 2018 was conducted, spanning a total of 1010 papers. The results point to the relevance of continuing this type of study within Colombia and to the need of involving all the stakeholders in a dialogue about how to improve the country's capacity to design, implement, and evaluate sound public policies.Related ArticlesAsongu, Simplice A. 2016. “Sino‐African Relations: A Review and Reconciliation of Dominant Schools of Thought.” Politics & Policy 44(2): 351–83. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12152.De Lombaerde, Philippe. 2015. “The Political Economy of Trade Protection in Colombia.” Politics & Policy 43(6): 855–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12140.Seefeldt, Jennapher Lunde. 2020. “Lessons from the Lithium Triangle: Considering Policy Explanations for the Variation in Lithium Industry Development in the ‘Lithium Triangle’ Countries of Chile, Argentina, and Bolivia.” Politics & Policy 48(4): 727–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12365.