bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buckley–James boosting model based on extreme learning machine and random survival forests
Authors: Kong Jianfen , Zhang Shuhong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBuckley–James (BJ) model is a typical semiparametric accelerated failure time model, which is closely related to the ordinary least squares method and easy to be constructed. However, traditional BJ model built on linearity assumption only captures simple linear relationships, while it has difficulty in processing nonlinear problems. To overcome this difficulty, in this paper, we develop a novel regression model for right‐censored survival data within the learning framework of BJ model, basing on random survival forests (RSF), extreme learning machine (ELM), and L2 boosting algorithm. The proposed method, referred to as ELM‐based BJ boosting model, employs RSF for covariates imputation first, then develops a new ensemble of ELMs—ELM‐based boosting algorithm for regression by ensemble scheme of L2 boosting, and finally, uses the output function of the proposed ELM‐based boosting model to replace the linear combination of covariates in BJ model. Due to fitting the logarithm of survival time with covariates by the nonparametric ELM‐based boosting method instead of the least square method, the ELM‐based BJ boosting model can capture both linear covariate effects and nonlinear covariate effects. In both simulation studies and real data applications, in terms of concordance index and integrated Brier sore, the proposed ELM‐based BJ boosting model can outperform traditional BJ model, two kinds of BJ boosting models proposed by Wang et al., RSF, and Cox proportional hazards model.
High‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: Involving the mitigation of ferroptosis and inflammation
Authors: Zhou Gui‐Juan , Liu Dan‐Ni , Huang Xia‐Rong , Wu Qi , Feng Wei‐Bin , Zeng Ya‐Hua , Liu Hong‐Ya , Yu Jing , Xiao Zi‐Jian , Zhou Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and aimRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been found to attenuate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, its effects and mechanism of action have not yet been clarified. It has been reported that cerebral I/R injury is closely associated not only with ferroptosis but also with inflammation. Hence, the current study aimed to investigate whether high‐frequency rTMS attenuates middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)‐induced cerebral I/R injury and further to elucidate the mediatory role of ferroptosis and inflammation.MethodsThe protective effects of rTMS on experimental cerebral I/R injury were investigated using transient MCAO model rats. Neurological scores and pathological changes of cerebral ischemic cortex were assessed to evaluate the effects of rTMS on cerebral I/R injury. The involvement of ferroptosis and that of inflammation were examined to investigate the mechanism underlying the effects of rTMS.ResultsHigh‐frequency rTMS remarkably rescued the MCAO‐induced neurological deficits and morphological damage. rTMS treatment also increased the mRNA and protein expression of glutathione‐dependent peroxidase 4, decreased the mRNA and protein levels of acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 4 and transferrin receptor in the cortex. Moreover, rTMS administration reduced the cerebrospinal fluid IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TNF‐α concentrations.ConclusionThese findings implicated that high‐frequency rTMS alleviates MCAO‐induced cerebral I/R injury, and the underlying mechanism could involve the inhibition of ferroptosis and inflammation. Our study identifies rTMS as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury. Moreover, the mechanistic insights into ferroptosis and inflammation advance our understanding of it as a potential therapeutic target for diseases beyond cerebral ischemia stroke.
Electrocardiogram properties and risk of covert brain infarction and other magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in a stroke‐free population
Authors: Gao Fan , Chen Chen , Liu Fude , Han Jianfeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the association between electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities and silent vascular brain injury as defined by cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a stroke‐free community‐based population.MethodsA total of 5888 participants were studied from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a prospective cohort of community‐living older adults. Standard 12‐lead ECGs measured prior to MRI scan were used. MRI scans were conducted at years 4–6 and 10–11. The primary outcome was presence of incident covert brain infarcts (CBIs) on the 2nd MRI examination, excluding previous CBIs and stroke occurrence. Secondary outcomes included white matter, ventricular, and sulcal atrophy on the 1st MRI. Logistic and multiple linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between ECG findings and silent vascular brain injury.ResultsLeft axis deviation before MRI scan was related to presence of incident CBIs (odds ratio [OR]: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.01–2.08, p = .047). A long QT interval was associated with severe white matter hyperintensity (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.04–1.77, p = .024). Minor Q and QS waves with ST‐T abnormalities were positively related to sulcal atrophy (β: 0.43, 95% CI: 0.06–0.81, p = .023).ConclusionsOur study found that ECG abnormalities were related to presence of CBIs, white matter hyperintensity, and sulcal atrophy on MRI in a stroke‐free relderly population. Specifically, those with left axis deviation had an increased risk of presence of CBIs.
Instruments measuring change in cognitive function in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review
Authors: Ezegbe Chigozie , Zarghami Amin , van der Mei Ingrid , Alty Jane , Honan Cynthia , Taylor Bruce 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating/neurodegenerative disease associated with change in cognitive function (CF) over time. This systematic review aims to describe the instruments used to measure change in CF over time in people with MS (PwMS).MethodsPubMed, OVID, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched in English until May 2021. Articles were included if they had at least 100 participants and at least a 1‐year interval between baseline and last follow‐up measurement of CF. Results were quantitatively synthesized, presented in tables and risk of bias was assessed with the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.ResultsFifty‐seven articles met the inclusion criteria (41,623 PwMS and 1105 controls). An intervention (drug/rehabilitation) was assessed in 22 articles. In the studies that used a test battery, Visual and verbal learning and memory were the most frequently measured domains, but when studies that used test battery or a single test are combined, Information processing speed was the most measured. The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) was the most frequently used test as a single test and in a test battery combined. Most studied assessed “change in CF” as cognitive decline defined as 1 or more tests measured as ≥ 1.5 SD from the study control or normative mean in a test battery at baseline and follow‐up. Meta‐analysis of change in SDMT scores with seven articles indicated a nonstatistically significant –0.03 (95% CI –0.14, 0.09) decrease in mean SDMT score per year.ConclusionThis study highlights the slow rate of measured change in cognition in PwMS and emphasizes the lack of a gold standard test and consistency in measuring cognitive change at the population level. More sensitive testing utilizing multiple domains and longer follow‐up may define subgroups where CF change follows different trajectories thus allowing targeted interventions to directly support those where CF is at greatest risk of becoming a clinically meaningful issue
Methods for identifying precipitates and improving stability of chemically defined highly concentrated cell culture media
Authors: Forte Taylor , Grinnell Chris , Zhang An , Polilli Brian , Leshinski John , Khattak Sarwat 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCurrently, within the biopharmaceutical industry, media development is a key area of development as the ratios and concentrations of media components such as amino acids, metals, vitamins, sugars, salts, and buffering agents play arguably the largest role in cellular productivity and product quality. However, optimizing media for these targets often conflicts with solubility limitations and slow‐rate chemical reactions that result in precipitation formation. Here we present methods such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS), X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), colorimetry, and turbidity to identify multiple likely components of a complex precipitate that was observed in preparations of a custom nutrient feed medium across all storage conditions evaluated. Using these analytical methods, as well as adjustments to the formulation pH, increasing the pyruvate concentration, and removing sodium bicarbonate, we were able to extend the media shelf life from approximately 10 days to over 28 days. Alternatively, copper, selenium, and magnesium sources were removed from the media and no precipitation was observed until 32 days after prep, pointing to key metals as the probable root cause of precipitation. By analytically quantifying the precipitate using the methods above, instead of visual inspection, which is the current industry standard for media precipitation observation, we were better able to compare conditions to one another and relate them to the onset of precipitation. Cell culture performance and product quality remained comparable to the historical process despite the media formulation changes.
Oven, Temperature‐Controlled Microwave, and Shade Drying Effects on Drying Kinetics, Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Knotweed (Polygonum cognatum Meissn.)
Authors: Kaya Dursun Samet , Aksüt Burcu , Nuri Öcalan Osman , Taşova Muhammed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, the plant node was dried in an oven (40, 50 and 60 °C), shade and temperature‐controlled microwave (40, 50 and 60 °C) methods. Statistically (p<0.05), the values closest to the color values of fresh grass were determined in an oven at 40 °C drying temperature. Effective diffusion values varied between 8.85×10−8–5.65×10−6 m2 s−1. While the activation energy was 61.28 kJ mol−1 in the oven, it was calculated as 85.24 kJ mol−1 in the temperature‐controlled microwave. Drying data was best estimated in the Midilli‐Küçük (R2 0.9998) model oven at 50 °C. The highest SMER value was calculated as 0.0098 kg kWh−1 in the temperature‐controlled microwave drying method. The lowest SEC value in the temperature‐controlled microwave was determined as 24.03 kWh kg−1. It was determined that enthalpy values varied between −2484.66/−2623.38 kJ mol−1, entropy values between −162.04/−122.65 J mol−1 and Gibbs free energy values between 453335.22–362581.40 kJ mol−1. Drying rate values were calculated in the range of 0.0127–0.9820 g moisture g dry matter−1 in the temperature‐controlled microwave, 0.0003–0.0762 g dry matter−1 in the oven, and 0.001–0.0058 g moisture g dry moisture matter−1 in the shade. Phenolic content 6957.79 μg GAE g−1 fw ‐ 48322.27 μg GAE g−1 dw, flavonoid content 3806.67 mg KE L−1 fw ‐ 22200.00 mg KE L−1 dw and antioxidant capacity 43.35 μmol TE g−1 fw ‐ 323.47 μmol TE g−1 dw. The highest chlorophyll values were obtained from samples dried in an oven at 40 °C. According to the findings, it is recommended to dry the knotweed (Polygonum cognatum Meissn.) plant in a temperature‐controlled microwave oven at low temperatures. In this study, in terms of drying kinetics and energy parameters, a temperature‐controlled microwave dryer of 60 °C is recommended, while in terms of quality characteristics, oven 40 °C and shade methods are recommended.
A case of multiple myeloma with pancreatic involvement diagnosed via endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration
Authors: Hiraga Erika , Yamai Takuo , Ikezawa Kenji , Kawamoto Yasuharu , Hirao Takeru , Higashi Sena , Urabe Makiko , Kai Yugo , Takada Ryoji , Nakabori Tasuku , Uehara Hiroyuki , Ryu Ayumi , Yuda Sayako , Honma Keichiro , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis report highlights the importance of considering multiple myeloma in the differential diagnosis of a pancreatic tumor with bone lesions. sampling not only from the pancreatic lesion but also from bone lesions may reach an accurate diagnosis.
M−N−C Materials for Electrochemical Reduction Reactions: Recent Strategies for Improving Electrocatalytic Activity and Stability
Authors: de Araújo Moisés A. , Koverga Andrey A. , Sakita Alan M. P. , Ometto Felipe B. , da Trindade Letícia G. , Ticianelli Edson A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic reduction of small molecules such as dioxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2), and water has driven conspicuous attention due to their technological importance and capability of tackling current environmental issues. So far, to drive such reactions, catalysts based on the platinum‐group elements have displayed the best performance, however, the high‐cost and scarcity of these elements hinder large‐scale applications. Alternatively, earth‐abundant M−N−C (M=Fe, Co, or Ni) materials have stood out as potential candidates because of their suitable electrocatalytic properties for the aforementioned reactions. In this way, the present review aims to provide a thorough account of the recently reported strategies to improve the electrocatalytic reduction of O2, CO2, and water on M−N−C catalysts. In order to have an in‐depth understanding of these reactions, we will also discuss some of the latest theoretical studies based on computer modelling and simulation. Lastly, additional comments on future perspectives will be provided to guide new studies.
Catalytic Aldol Condensation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural and its Synthesis from Concentrated Feed of Carbohydrates
Authors: Ramdani Wahiba , Rabadán González Inés , Benbakoura Nora , Ahmar Mohammed , Verrier Charlie , Queneau Yves , Pera‐Titus Marc , Jérôme François , De Oliveira Vigier Karine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract1‐(5‐(Hydroxymethyl)furan‐2‐yl)‐5‐methylhex‐1‐en‐3‐one was prepared from cellulose or glucose by a sequence of depolymerization/dehydration/aldol condensation reactions. The synthesis of HMF was first performed starting from a highly concentrated feed of glucose and cellulose (31 wt.%) using choline chloride in MIBK/water biphasic media via the formation of a glucoside intermediate. Next, the aldol condensation of HMF with MIBK was investigated over alkaline metal oxides. Among the catalysts used, commercial BaO was highly efficient with a yield of aldol product above 90 %. Under air, BaO instantaneously transformed into Ba(OH)2, H2O and BaO2 which are regarded as active phases for the reaction. The catalyst basicity and solvent were key parameters to govern the selectivity of the reaction by limiting secondary reactions.
Pyrene‐ and Bipyridine‐based Covalent Triazine Framework as Versatile Platform for Photocatalytic Solar Fuels Production**
Authors: Fávaro Marcelo Alves , Yang Jin , Ditz Daniel , Küçükkeçeci Hüseyin , Alkhurisi Mohammed H. , Bergwinkl Sebastian , Thomas Arne , Quadrelli Elsje Alessandra , Palkovits Regina , Canivet Jérôme , Wisser Florian M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe ability to molecularly engineer materials is a powerful tool toward increasingly performing heterogeneous catalysts. Porous organic polymers stand out as photocatalysts due to their high chemical stability, outstanding optoelectronic properties and their easy and tunable syntheses. In photocatalysis, the insertion of photosensitizing π‐extended molecules into molecularly well‐defined donor‐acceptor junctions is supposed to increase the catalytic activity, but yet remain experimentally underdeveloped. This study presents a pyrene‐based Covalent Triazine Framework (CTF) synthesized through a polycondensation approach, which was designed to contain a molecularly‐defined pyrene‐triazine‐bipyridine donor‐acceptor‐acceptor triad as the repetition unit of the CTF. The CTF is an efficient photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution from water reaching a significant production rate of 61.5 mmolH2/h/gcat. Moreover, the same CTF can easily be used as porous macroligand for an organometallic Rh complex to efficiently catalyze the carbon dioxide photoreduction into formic acid under visible light.
Anthraquinone‐Based Ligands as MNase Inhibitors: Insights from Inhibition Studies and Generation of a Payload Nanocarrier for Potential Anti‐MRSA Therapy
Authors: Konwar Barlina , Mullick Priya , Das Gopal , Ramesh Aiyagari 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present study highlights the prospect of an anthraquinone‐based ligand (C1) as an inhibitor of micrococcal nuclease (MNase) enzyme secreted by Staphylococcus aureus. MNase inhibition rendered by 5.0 μM C1 was ∼96 % and the ligand could significantly distort the β‐sheet conformation present in MNase. Mechanistic studies revealed that C1 rendered non‐competitive inhibition, reduced the turnover (Kcat) and catalytic efficiency (Km/Kcat) of MNase with an IC50 value of 323 nM. C1 could also inhibit nuclease present in the cell‐free supernatant (CFS) of a methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain. A C1‐loaded human serum albumin (HSA)‐based nanocarrier (C1‐HNC) was developed, which was amicable to protease‐triggered release of payload in presence of the CFS of an MRSA strain. Eluates from C1‐HNC could effectively reduce the rate of MNase‐catalyzed DNA cleavage. The non‐toxic nature of C1‐HNC in conjunction with the non‐competitive mode of MNase inhibition rendered by C1 offers interesting therapeutic prospect in alleviation of MRSA infections.
Cytomorphologic visualization of circulating tumor cells in urinary bladder cancer patients using ScreenCell™ technology: Potential as a simple cytology test
Authors: Jahan Meriyam , Mittal Ankur , Rao Shalinee , Kishore Sanjeev , Singh Ashok , Jadli Mohit , Paul Pranoy , Iqbal Asif , Chowdhury Nilotpal 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTC) are a recent technique which is a potentially important prognostic factor in many solid tumors. There are many techniques of detecting CTCs, but they usually implement costly techniques like EpCAM targeted detection, fluorescence‐based diagnosis, or magnetic bead based positive or negative selection. The diagnostic utility of simple cytomorphological diagnosis after routine staining of CTCs have been rarely studied. We aimed to detect CTCs in 24 patients clinically suspected to have Urinary Bladder Cancer using a simple but efficient patented filtration technology (ScreenCell™), followed by optical microscopic visualization after routine May‐Grunwald‐Giemsa (MGG) staining. The detected CTCs were then tested for association with the histologic type, lamina propria invasion, deep muscle invasion and the T‐stage. Out of the 24 patients tested, one was found to have papilloma, nine had low grade urothelial carcinoma, 13 had high grade urothelial carcinoma and one had poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Of these, two LGUC, eight HGUC and one adenocarcinoma had detectable CTC. Presence of CTCs had a statistically significant association with Lamina propria invasion (P = .006) and T‐stage (P = .02), and a trend toward significance for differentiating LGUC from HGUC (P = .10). These results suggest that cytomorphological detection of CTC is likely to be clinically useful in diagnosis and prognostication of urinary blader cancers. These findings need to be confirmed on studies with larger sample sizes.
Radiesse: State of the Art and Dilute Radiesse
Authors: Fritsche Katelyn , Li Andraia R. , Schlesinger Todd 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRadiesse is a calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA)‐based filler first FDA‐approved in 2006 for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus‐associated lipodystrophy and moderate to severe facial wrinkles, particularly the nasolabial folds. It has since expanded into new formulations and has been approved for jawline contouring and treatment of dorsal hand volume loss. CaHAs provide the basis of the filler's appeal, inducing biostimulation of stromal components including collagen, elastin, and vasculature. The carboxymethylcellulose gel carrier gives the filler its notoriously stiff volumizing effects, intended for deeper placement, typically in the subdermal and supraperiosteal planes. Since its inception, innovative efforts have been ongoing to take advantage of the filler's biostimulatory effects without its volumization.ObjectivesTo describe novel uses of dilute, hyperdilute, and HA‐mixed CaHA filler.MethodsA review was performed on current available literature and consensus guidelines.ConclusionsDiluted and hyperdiluted Radiesse allow for widespread treatment, providing patients the dermal rejuvenation they desire, without the firm volumizing effects seen with undiluted product. This has led to an explosion in off‐label use including treatment of skin laxity of the face, neck and decolletage, arms, abdomen, buttocks, and thighs. Clinicians have also begun combining the CaHA filler with hyaluronic acid‐based fillers to induce skin regeneration while providing a more flexible and softer volume replacement. Radiesse' uses continue to evolve with alterations in the original formula, allowing for increasingly customized product to meet each patient's individual needs.
A multi‐scale assessment of forest treatment impacts on evapotranspiration and water yield in the Sierra Nevada
Authors: Boden Kate , Philippus Daniel , Sytsma Anneliese , Kurzweil Jake , Randell Jackie , Kinoshita Alicia M. , Hogue Terri S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe future of the Western United States is threatened by both an increase in wildfire frequency and a decrease in water availability. By reducing fuel loads, wildfire mitigation measures (forest treatments) can offer reduced fire severity and increased annual total runoff (water yield) via reduction in evapotranspiration (ET). While the benefits of forest treatments for fire management are well studied, their impact on ET and water yield remains largely unknown, and existing literature shows conflicting results. Here, we aim to resolve this ambiguity by quantifying the impact of forest treatments on ET and water yield, at spatially localized scales. Using daily average flow rates from sub‐basin and basin scale gauges, 100‐m LiDAR data, 800‐m PRISM precipitation data and 30‐m SSEBop ETa data, we analysed the impact of forest treatments on ETa and water yield in the Sagehen Experimental Watershed. Within treated areas of Sagehen, there is a linear relationship between loss of canopy cover and ETa reductions at the 100‐m pixel scale when canopy cover loss exceeds 10%. The impact of treatment was highly localized, and across the entire watershed (30 km2), treated areas with reduced ETa only made up 4 km2, ~10% of the Sagehen area. At sub‐basin and basin scale, the magnitude of year‐to‐year ETa reduction was <15%, and there was no quantifiable increase in water yield. Instead, precipitation alone explained
85% of water yield variability at sub‐basin and basin scale. Future forest management practices in the Sierra Nevada are essential for combating wildfire, but our results from Sagehen reveal that even at the sub‐basin scale (~3 km2), 56% thinning treatment by area did not result in increased water yield.