bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fractionation as the main method for smoked tobacco products identification
Authors: Kalashnikov S. V. 
Published: July 2023

Smokeless tobacco products are products that do not require a pyrolysis process and / or the production of tobacco aerosol (smoke) at the time of use. In the absence of data on the toxicological risks of smokeless tobacco, their consumption is potentially on the rise. The variety of non-smoking tobacco products creates certain problems in identifying chewing tobacco and sucking tobacco (banned for sale in the Russian Federation) as products that are identical in terms of physiological effects, method of consumption, and component composition. A methodology has been developed for a comprehensive assessment of non-smoking products, including the determination of consumer properties and technological indicators by instrumental methods, as well as the determination of the level of toxic components (nicotine, TSNA, B(a)P). The difference between the types of smokeless tobacco is mainly in the granulometric composition of the product: snus – finely ground tobacco, chewing tobacco – snatches of tobacco with a removed middle vein. Identification indicators have been determined: the presence of raw tobacco, the size of its particles and the number of large fragments in the finished product. The presence of raw tobacco can be determined by optical microscopy and/or luminescent analysis, and the quantitative content can be determined by sieve analysis. The quantitative content of the coarse fraction in chewing tobacco (not less than 15 %) is the main indicator of the product. The use of the fractionation method makes it possible to differentiate between sucking and chewing tobacco. A «Method for determining the fractional composition of non-smoking tobacco products for oral consumption by the method of sieve analysis» was developed (Certificate No. 022-01.00281-2013-2022). To certify the methodology, a set of studies was carried out, the data were obtained as a result of five parallel measurements by three performers for each sample. The technique is registered in the State Register of Measuring Instruments (FR.1.31.2022.43935 of 09/02/2022). Technological indicators of SLT samples were established: humidity (11,4-53,3) %, pH level 5,7-9,7, coarse fraction content (0,4-56,9) %, dust fraction content (0,2-76,3) %. The results of identification of commercial samples of a segmental product are presented.
Analisis Yuridis PERPPU Cipta Kerja No.2 Tahun 2022 Besaran Pesangon Pasca PHK
Authors: Muda Harahap Arifuddin , Sofianti Adella Iragil , Aryanti Cindy , Kesuma Diva Ariza , Rizky, Fauzi Masfa , Bangun Ibnu Fauzi , Haekal M.Fikri , Rafly M. , Indira Safira Prima 
Published: July 2023

One of the problems for workers in Indonesia is termination of employment (PHK) between workers and employers, in 2020 the government issued Law No. 11 of 2020 concerning work copyright or the omnibus law getting pros and cons from society, of course there are also many people disagree about this work copyright law. Then in 2022 the Government has also officially promulgated Law Number 2 of 2022 Concerning Job Creation which in outline has revised this omnibus law, at least covering 11 sections that have regulated strategic policies, including one of them related employment. This research wants to discuss the comparison of severance pay for employees who have been laid off according to Law no. 2 of 2022 regarding the copyright of this work. The method used in conducting research in this scientific journal is the normative legal method.In Law no. 2 of 2022 regarding this work copyright, workers whose contracts are terminated with less than a year's work period will receive severance pay of 1 month's wages. Those whose duration of work is more than a year, but when it is less than two years will receive 2 months' wages and so on. In addition to severance pay, this Law also regulates the provision of reward money for years of service for employees who have been laid off for working for 3 years or more but less than 6 years, 2 months of wages, at working period of 6 years or more but less than 9 years, 3 months wages and so on.
Keywords: employment, layoffs, severance pay
Pemberian Nafkah terhadap Anak Dari Perkawinan Tidak Tercatat Menurut UU Perkawinan dan KHI
Authors: Dintara Lubis Syaddan 
Published: July 2023

At this time there were many husband and wife couples who took the path of carrying out unregistered marriages, this marriage was a marriage that was not registered in the country which was really carried out by the general public in Indonesia, seen in Islamic law it was permissible to carry out unregistered marriages but in strict regulations in force in the country of Indonesia does not recognize that this marriage is a legal marriage because this marriage is not registered in the country, in the family it cannot be separated from conflict between husband and wife resulting in quarrels that can lead to divorce this conflict is a situation that is definitely not wanted by children , based on the data found that according to the provisions of Article 27 Perkap No. 9 of 2010 stipulates that the husband's obligation to provide maintenance to his wife and children after a divorce, is determined in accordance with a court decision that has permanent legal force, in the compilation of Islamic law in Surah Al-Baqarah verse 233 firmly says that a father's obligation to provide for his child even as a child category. In this journal research the authors use the normative-empirical legal method by combining elements of normative law which are then supported by empirical data. After a divorce occurs, it is inseparable from the obligation of a husband or wife to provide for children from the results of a husband and wife in the context of compilation of Islamic law, parents have the obligation to provide for their children from marriage, but in Law No. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage, article 43 means that there is no the obligation for the husband to provide for his child if the marriage is not registered according to the applicable law is all left to the wife.
Keywords: Children's livelihood, KHI, UU Marriage
Materi Muatan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan UU 1945
Authors: Rahma Mimi Atika , Fauzy Ahmad , Br Sinaga Dini Febrianti , Simamora Krisman Adam 
Published: July 2023

The period between 2004 and 2009 saw a lot of work from the office in charge of making laws (the Position Establishment Act) which produced a number of non-partisan laws for the general public. Therefore, it is detrimental to the community because it is not in line with what is generally agreed upon by the community, as stated in the Basic Regulations (1945 Constitution), which are the source and basis for the formulation of the law in question. As a result, the Constitutional Court has conducted many judicial reviews based on citizen requests. In this regard, the authors conducted a normative review and concluded that certain laws conflicted with the Uniform Unified Development Act of 1945. The Prolegnas list compiled by the DPR and the President did not always use clear, precise and consistent criteria for laws. This means that several laws enacted in the DPR for the 2004–2009 period did not meet the standards for good lawmaking set forth in Law Number 12 of 2011 concerning Establishment of Accounting Principles.
Keywords: Regulations, Legislation, material.
Optimalisasi Pendayagunaan Zakat Melalui Program Beasiswa Prestasi Tahun 2017-2020:
Authors: Suri Atika , Nasution Annio Indah Lestari , Yanti, Nursantri 
Published: July 2023

This study was conducted to determine whether the utilization of zakat carried out by Dompet Dhuafa Waspada (DDW) in collaboration with UPZ Bank SUMUT through0the achievement scholarship program has been running optimally or not. The0purpose of this study is to find0out how the zakat utilization mechanism is applied by DDW, especially in the merit scholarship program in the Dompet Dhuafa Waspada2 North Sumatra, and to find out how the impact of awarding merit scholarships has on increasing the entrepreneurial desire of the scholarship beneficiaries which leads to the conclusion whether the utilization of scholarships is beneficial. What is done by the underprivileged wallet is alert that it is optimal or not optimal. This study use a descriptive approach0with the type of research is qualitative, so0the data analysis used is0descriptive qualitative0analysis. The results of this study indicate that the achievement scholarship program run by DDW in collaboration with UPZ Bank SUMUT has been running optimally. It is evident from the amount of funds obtained since 2017-2020 which has increased, as well as all the efforts they have made to make this program better and more effective. Then this achievement scholarship program has also resulted in significant changes to the lives of the scholarship beneficiaries, starting from the assistance in education costs, increasing skills and knowledge about entrepreneurship. However, there is still a need for further improvements in the implementation of this program so that this program continues to improve and be more optimal.
Keywords: Utilization of zakat, Achievement Scholarship, optimization
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY, and FIRM RISK: THE CASE OF INDONESIAN-LISTED FIRMS
Authors: Pardede Mazmur 
Published: July 2023

Implementation of good corporate governance and CSR need to be considered by companies in achieving more firm values. Those value depending on public interpretation, which is affecting to their stock prices. This research aims to proof linkage among corporate governance, CSR, and firm risk by theoretical and practical implications. Regarding theoretical implications, this study provides a model linking corporate governance, CSR, and firm risk. We use a sample data from 262 Indonesia listed firms and 1,252 firm year observations from 2010 to 2015. Our result show firms that adopt better corporate governance have a lower firm risk. Specifically, higher independent managerial ownership will reduce agency problem by combining their interest. Firms that spend high CSR expenses tend to have less volatile stock prices. This research conduct to provide such an information for corporate and investors to consider and analyze corporate governance and CSR in their decision making. Keywords: Corporate Governance; Corporate social responsibility; Firm Risk; Stakeholder Theory
ANALISIS CAMEL DALAM MEMPREDIKSI KESEHATAN KEUANGAN PADA PT. BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA (PERSERO) , Tbk DAN PT. BANK TABUNGAN NEGARA (PERSERO) , Tbk. PERIODE 2018-2022
Authors: Sriwiyanti Eva , HALAWA WENIMA , TARIGAN VITRYANI 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to assess the financial health of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk and PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk using the CAMEL (Capital, Asset Quality, Management, Earning, Liquidity) method. The research object is PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk and PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk. The type of research used is qualitative and quantitative. The type of data used is secondary data, and the sample used is data on the financial statements of PT BRI (Persero) Tbk and PT. BTN (Persero) Tbk. for 2018-2022. Based on the research results, it was found that the CAR ratio at BRI from 2018 to 2022 is in the range of ≥ 12% (very healthy). KAP ratio is in the range ≤ 2% (very healthy). The NPM ratio is in the range of 66% - ≤ 80% (fairly healthy) except for 2020 it will be in the range ≥ 51% - 65% (unhealthy). The ROA ratio is in the range > 1.5% (very healthy). The BOPO ratio is in the range ≤ 94% (very healthy). And for the LDR ratio from 2018 to 2021 it will be in the range of 85% - ≤ 100% (healthy enough), and in 2022 it will be in the range of 75% - ≤ 85% (healthy). Meanwhile, the CAR ratio for BTN from 2018 to 2022 is in the range of ≥ 12% (very healthy). The KAP ratio in 2018 is in the range of ≤ 2% (very healthy) and in 2019 to 2022 is in the range of 2% - ≤ 3% (healthy). The NPM ratio is in the range of 51% - ≤ 65% (unhealthy) except in 2019 it is in the range of ≤ 50% (unhealthy). The ROA ratio in 2018 was in the range of 0.5% - ≥ 1.25% (fairly healthy), in 2019 it was in the range 0% - 0.5% (unhealthy), in 2020 to 2022 it was in the range of 0.5% - ≤ 1.25 % (quite healthy). The BOPO ratio is in the range ≤ 94% (very healthy) except in 2019 it is in the range > 97% (unhealthy). And for the LDR ratio from 2018 to 2019 it will be in the range of 100% - ≤ 120% (unhealthy) and from 2020 to 2022 it will be in the range of 85% - ≤ 100% (fairly healthy). So that from the results of calculations and comparisons with the CAMEL method, it is obtained that the company that has a higher level of financial soundness for five years is PT BRI (Persero) Tbk. Keywords: Bank Health, BRI, BTN, CAMEL
RENDICIÓN DE CUENTAS Y PARTICIPACIÓN CIUDADANA EN LA EFS DE PANAMÁ
Authors: Palacios Copete Marino José , Garibaldi Barrera Ezequiel , Ramos Viveros Aristi Iván , Pinzón Muñoz José , McNulty Ballester Maritza Rosmery 
Published: July 2023

El estudio tiene como objetivo, describir la rendición de cuentas y la participación ciudadana en el marco de la responsabilidad constitucional de la Contraloría General de la República de Panamá. Para ello, se parte de las variables constitucionales y legales que permiten conocer los criterios jurídicos de la rendición de cuentas para establecer el modelo de rendición de cuentas de la Entidad Superior de Fiscalización de Panamá, además, en los acuerdos internacionales de la participación ciudadana en el proceso de fiscalización de los fondos y bienes públicos. Se reconoce, cómo la crisis sanitaria a nivel mundial coadyuvó a implementar la rendición de cuentas y la veeduría. Estas modalidades, en el proceso de gestión gubernamental, abrieron la puerta de la cultura de corrección en el manejo de los recursos del Estado. De igual forma, se exponen las guías específicas que sirven de horizonte para la rendición de cuentas de los recursos económicos y financieros en el COVID-19, para concluir, que la rendición de cuentas como mecanismo de control es un modelo de buena gobernanza que acorta la brecha que se da entre el control previo y el control posterior. La participación ciudadana, brazo de la fiscalización, minimizó, actos de corrupción y garantizó que los recursos le llegaran a los que realmente los necesitaban.
Investigation of Assessment Tools in the Area of Pediatric Feeding Evaluation: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Rabaey Paula A. , Barlow Kate , Jama Hibak , Lehr Victoria 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Importance: The new diagnostic code for pediatric feeding disorder (PFD) in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition, Clinical Modification, requires that occupational therapists and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) use valid and reliable assessment tools that capture the complexity of PFD.
Objective: To determine current assessment tools that clinicians are using across the four domains of PFD: (1) medical factors, (2) nutrition factors, (3) feeding skill factors, and (4) psychosocial factors. A secondary objective was to obtain clinicians’ perceptions of the assessment tools.
Design: A mixed-methods study using survey research and focus groups.
Setting: Online survey and virtual focus groups.
Participants: Occupational therapists and SLPs who identified as clinicians who treat PFDs.
Results: The survey revealed that 65% of the clinicians (N = 445) used a nonstandardized assessment tool across the four domains of PFD. The focus groups (n = 26) revealed four resulting themes that expanded the survey results: (1) no one assessment tool works, (2) clinicians rely on self-created assessments, (3) it takes a team and collaboration, and (4) there are many issues with the current assessment of PFD.
Conclusions and Relevance: This study reveals the need for clinicians working with children with PFD to use feeding assessment tools with sound psychometric properties. The requirement for occupational therapists and SLPs to evaluate and treat dysphagia and disorders of feeding indicates the need to provide entry-level education on reliable and valid assessment tools that thoroughly evaluate all the domains of PFD.
What This Article Adds: This article highlights current assessment tools used by occupational therapists and SLPs treating PFD and the need for more standardized procedures and tools to evaluate children across the four domains of PFD.
OT Role in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: A Call to Action
Authors: Willman Rebecca , Thomas Jennifer , Hobbs Midge 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Date Presented 04/21/2023
This work raises awareness and increases understanding about the role of OT in avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) and provides information about existing literature, current OT practices, and future directions.
Primary Author and Speaker: Rebecca Willman
Contributing Authors: Jennifer Thomas, Midge Hobbs
Role of Emotional Experiences & Cognition on Occupational Performance in Individuals With Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Hebert Karen , Feldhacker Mackenzie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Date Presented 04/21/2023
This study found that individuals with Parkinson’s disease experience changes in positive and negative emotions during occupational performance related to cognition. The implication of these findings on occupation-based interventions are explored.
Primary Author and Speaker: Karen Hebert
Contributing Authors: Mackenzie Feldhacker
Current status of global research on pericardial diseases: a bibliometric analysis of the top 100 from Web of Science
Authors: Jain Vardhmsaan , Gupta Kartik , Eken Hatice Nur , Bansal Agam , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Bajaj Navkaranbir S. , Lavie Carl J. , Imazio Massimo , Xu Bo , Kwon Deborah , Jellis Christine , Klein Allan , Aronow Wilbert S. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionBibliometric studies can help guide researchers and funding bodies toward fields where more research activity is warranted. Bibliometric analyses have previously been published in many specialties and sub-specialties. Our literature search did not show a bibliometric analysis on pericardial diseases. We performed a bibliometric analysis of the top 100 cited manuscripts on pericardial diseases to identify knowledge.Material and MethodsBibliometric analysis is a quantitative method to assess research performance and analyze publication trends. Web of Science was searched in April 2020 to identify the top 100 cited manuscripts in pericardial diseases.ResultsTwenty-six out of the top 100 cited manuscripts were published between 2000 and 2009. These manuscripts were cited on average189 times (range: 110–743) since publication. Only two manuscripts were cited > 500 times. Among the top-ten cited manuscripts, there were 6 original articles, 1 case series, and 3 review articles. Of the 3 review articles, 2 were society guidelines. 90% of the authors had written just 1 manuscript. There were ten manuscripts with women as first authors with a significant association between gender of the first and corresponding author (odds ratio = 44, p < 0.001). Only 20% of manuscripts were funded. Most publications came from institutions in the United States (n = 40), Italy (n = 10), and Spain (n = 5).ConclusionsOur study provides an insight into the characteristics and quality of the highly cited literature in the field of pericardial diseases. This can be used to guide further research in the field of pericardial diseases.
Fostemsavir (Rukobia)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: July 2023

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses fostemsavir (Rukobia), 600 mg, extended-release tablets, oral.
Indication: For adults with HIV-1 who are heavily treatment-experienced and have multidrug-resistant HIV-1, and for whom it is otherwise not possible to construct a suppressive antiviral regimen due to resistance, intolerance, or safety considerations.
Pengaruh Digital Marketing Dan Content Marketing Terhadap Purchase Intention Melalui Brand Image Pada PT Pos Indonesia (Persero) Kota Probolinggo
Authors: Nabillaprila Della Sora , Hidayati Rr Setyani , Hermanto Hermanto 
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh digital marketing, content marketing terhadap purchase intention melalui brand image pada PT Pos Indonesia (Persero) Kota Probolinggo. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif dengan menggunakan alat uji SMART PLS 4.0. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 orang menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu insidental sampling. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel digital marketing berpengaruh langsung terhadap brand image diterima, content marketing berpengaruh langsung terhadap brand image diterima , digital marketing berpengaruh langsung terhadap purchase intention diterima, content marketing berpengaruh langsung terhadap purchase intention diterima, brand image berpengaruh langsung terhadap purchase intention diterima, dibuktikan pada uji hipotesis dari bootstrapping menunjukkan nilai P-Values dibawah 0,05. Begitupun pada uji analisis jalur menunjukkan hasil bahwa digital marketing berpengaruh tidak langsung terhadap purchase intention melalui brand image ditolak, content marketing berpengaruh tidak langsung terhadap purchase intention melalui brand image diterima.
Resistant Form
Authors: Telò Mario 
Published: July 2023

Can attending to poetic form help us imagine a radical politics and bridge the gap between pressing contemporary political concerns and an ancient literature that often seems steeped in dynamics of oppression?
The corpus of the fifth-century Athenian playwright Aristophanes includes some of the funniest yet most disturbing comedies of Western literature. His work’s anarchic experimentation with language invites a radically “oversensitive” hyperformalism, a formalistic overanalysis that disrupts, disables, or even abolishes a range of normativities (government, labor, reproduction, gender). Exceeding not just historicist contextualism, but also conventional notions of laughter and the logic of the joke, Resistant Form: Aristophanes and the Comedy of Crisis uses Aristophanes to fully embrace, in the practice of close or “too-close” reading, the etymological and conceptual nexus of crisis, critique, and literary criticism.
These exuberant readings of Birds, Frogs, Lysistrata, and Women at the Thesmophoria, together with the first attempt ever to grapple with the comic style of critical theorists Gilles Deleuze, Achille Mbembe, and Jack Halberstam, connect Aristophanes with contemporary discourses of biopolitics, necrocitizenship, care, labor, and transness, and at the same time disclose a quasi- or para-Aristophanic mode in the written textures of critical theory. Here is a radically new approach to the literary criticism of the pre-modern – one that materializes the circuit of crisis and critique through a restless inhabitation of the becomings and unbecomings of comic form.