bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory cell activity in treated neovascular age-related macular degeneration, a histologic case study
Authors: Berlin Andreas , Messinger Jeffrey D , Ramtohul Prithvi , Balaratnasingam Chandrakumar , Mendis Randev , Ferrara Daniela , Freund K. Bailey , Curcio Christine A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Imaging indicators of macular neovascularization (MNV) risk can help determine patient eligibility for new treatments for geographic atrophy secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Because type 1 MNV includes inflammation, we assessed by histology the distribution of cells with inflammatory potential in two fellow eyes with AMD.

Methods:
Two eyes of a white woman in her 90’s with type 3 MNV treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor were prepared for high-resolution histology. Eye-tracked spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) applied to the preserved donor eyes linked in vivo imaging to histology. Cells were enumerated in the intraretinal, subretinal and sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-basal lamina (BL) compartments on 199 glass slides. Cells with numerous organelles were considered to RPE-derived; cells with sparse RPE organelles were considered non-RPE phagocytes.

Results:
Both eyes had soft drusen and abundant SDD. In the retina and subretinal space, RPE-derived cells, including hyperreflective foci, were common (n=125, 73, respectively). Non-RPE phagocytes were infrequent (n=5 in both). Over drusen, RPE morphology transitioned smoothly from the age-normal layer towards the top, suggesting transdifferentiation. The sub-RPE-BL space had RPE-derived cells (n=87) and non-RPE phagocytes (n=49), including macrophages and giant cells.

Conclusions:
Numerous sub-RPE-BL cells of several types are consistent with the documented presence of pro-inflammatory lipids in drusen and aged Bruch’s membrane. The relatively compartmentalized abundance of infiltrating cells suggests that drusen contents are more inflammatory than SDD, perhaps reflecting their environments. Ectopic RPE occur frequently. Some manifest as hyperreflective foci. More cells may be visible as OCT technologies evolve.
USE OF ADDITIONAL FACEDOWN POSITIONING WITH SILICONE OIL TAMPONADE FOR THE TREATMENT OF RETINAL REDETACHMENT
Authors: Somisetty Aditya , Hoyek Sandra , Yuan Melissa , Somisetty Swathi , Kim Leo A. , Patel Nimesh A. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to highlight a potential alternative to additional surgery for management of retinal redetachment through the use of additional facedown positioning with silicone oil tamponade.

Methods:
Retrospective case series of two patients evaluated with examination, multimodal imaging, including fundus photography, optical coherence tomography, and fluorescein angiography.

Results:
In Case 1, a 70-year-old female patient underwent surgery for a full-thickness macular hole with associated macula-off retinal detachment, but experienced a recurrent detachment and underwent a second surgery with silicone oil placement. Another recurrent detachment was found. The case was managed conservatively with facedown positioning, resulting in resolution of subretinal fluid and improvement in vision. At follow-up, the retina remained attached with stable vision. In Case 2, a 25-year-old male patient underwent a surgical repair for proliferative vitreoretinopathy retinal detachment with a scleral buckle, cryotherapy, and external drainage. After multiple redetachment surgeries with retinectomy and oil placement, another tractional redetachment of the fovea was noted. Management was with facedown positioning, and follow-up evaluation showed resolution of the subretinal fluid and improvement in vision with stability for greater than 2 months.

Conclusion:
For recurrent retinal redetachments with silicone oil in place, an additional week of facedown positioning can result in anatomical success and be a viable alternative or bridge to invasive surgical interventions. This approach may have greatest utility for patients who are poor surgical candidates without new peripheral pathology.
External validation and updating of prognostic prediction models for nonrecovery among older adults seeking primary care for back pain
Authors: Vigdal Ørjan Nesse , Storheim Kjersti , Killingmo Rikke Munk , Rysstad Tarjei , Pripp Are Hugo , van der Gaag Wendelien , Chiarotto Alessandro , Koes Bart , Grotle Margreth 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Prognostic prediction models for 3 different definitions of nonrecovery were developed in the Back Complaints in the Elders study in the Netherlands. The models' performance was good (optimism-adjusted area under receiver operating characteristics [AUC] curve ≥0.77, R

2
≥0.3). This study aimed to assess the external validity of the 3 prognostic prediction models in the Norwegian Back Complaints in the Elders study. We conducted a prospective cohort study, including 452 patients aged ≥55 years, seeking primary care for a new episode of back pain. Nonrecovery was defined for 2 outcomes, combining 6- and 12-month follow-up data: Persistent back pain (≥3/10 on numeric rating scale) and persistent disability (≥4/24 on Roland–Morris Disability Questionnaire). We could not assess the third model (self-reported nonrecovery) because of substantial missing data (>50%). The models consisted of biopsychosocial prognostic factors. First, we assessed Nagelkerke R
2, discrimination (AUC) and calibration (calibration-in-the-large [CITL], slope, and calibration plot). Step 2 was to recalibrate the models based on CITL and slope. Step 3 was to reestimate the model coefficients and assess if this improved performance. The back pain model demonstrated acceptable discrimination (AUC 0.74, 95% confidence interval: 0.69-0.79), and R
2 was 0.23. The disability model demonstrated excellent discrimination (AUC 0.81, 95% confidence interval: 0.76-0.85), and R

2
was 0.35. Both models had poor calibration (CITL <0, slope <1). Recalibration yielded acceptable calibration for both models, according to the calibration plots. Step 3 did not improve performance substantially. The recalibrated models may need further external validation, and the models' clinical impact should be assessed.
Brain-predicted age difference estimated using DeepBrainNet is significantly associated with pain and function—a multi-institutional and multiscanner study
Authors: Valdes-Hernandez Pedro A. , Laffitte Nodarse Chavier , Johnson Alisa J. , Montesino-Goicolea Soamy , Bashyam Vishnu , Davatzikos Christos , Peraza Julio A. , Cole James H. , Huo Zhiguang , Fillingim Roger B. , Cruz-Almeida Yenisel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Brain age predicted differences (brain-PAD: predicted brain age minus chronological age) have been reported to be significantly larger for individuals with chronic pain compared with those without. However, a debate remains after one article showed no significant differences. Using Gaussian Process Regression, an article provides evidence that these negative results might owe to the use of mixed samples by reporting a differential effect of chronic pain on brain-PAD across pain types. However, some remaining methodological issues regarding training sample size and sex-specific effects should be tackled before settling this controversy. Here, we explored differences in brain-PAD between musculoskeletal pain types and controls using a novel convolutional neural network for predicting brain-PADs, ie, DeepBrainNet. Based on a very large, multi-institutional, and heterogeneous training sample and requiring less magnetic resonance imaging preprocessing than other methods for brain age prediction, DeepBrainNet offers robust and reproducible brain-PADs, possibly highly sensitive to neuropathology. Controlling for scanner-related variability, we used a large sample (n = 660) with different scanners, ages (19-83 years), and musculoskeletal pain types (chronic low back [CBP] and osteoarthritis [OA] pain). Irrespective of sex, brain-PAD of OA pain participants was ∼3 to 4.7 years higher than that of CBP and controls, whereas brain-PAD did not significantly differ among controls and CBP. Moreover, brain-PAD was significantly related to multiple variables underlying the multidimensional pain experience. This comprehensive work adds evidence of pain type–specific effects of chronic pain on brain age. This could help in the clarification of the debate around possible relationships between brain aging mechanisms and pain.
Developmental Feeding Stages and Their Impact on Child Feeding Behavior
Authors: Sdravou Katerina , Printza Athanasia , Emmanouilidou-Fotoulaki Elpida , Michou Emilia , Sotiriadou Fotini , Fotoulaki Maria 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Previous research has shown that critical periods of feeding skills development exist and feeding problems can arise in children due to delays in attaining feeding developmental milestones. This study aims to delineate the transitional process of feeding development in healthy children and children with gastrointestinal diseases (GIDs) and to examine the relationship between feeding milestones and the appearance of later feeding problems.

Methods:
A cross-sectional case–control study among 711 healthy Greek children and 119 children with GID, aged 2–7 years. Parents completed the Greek version of the Behavioral Pediatrics Feeding Assessment Scale and “self-reported” questionnaires assessing child’s feeding history.

Results:
Differences in feeding behavior of preschoolers between the 2 groups were found concerning the time of introduction of complementary (pureed), lumpy, and table foods as well as finger feeding and regular cup-drinking. Age-specific milestones as proposed by guidelines were not reached. Late introduction of complementary and lumpy foods (>6 months and >9 months, respectively) as well as finger feeding (>9 months) were predictive of more problematic feeding behaviors later on.

Conclusions:
The trajectory of feeding development, including less studied feeding milestones, both in healthy children and children with GIDs, indicates that there are discrepancies between current feeding practices and infant feeding guidelines, and a tendency to delay the acquisition of all assessed feeding milestones.
A Successful Treatment Approach in 2 Patients With Type 1 Plasminogen Deficiency: Intratracheal Application of Fresh Frozen Plasma and Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Authors: Al Serdar , Ulusoy Oktay , Asilsoy Suna , Uzuner Nevin , Kangalli Ozge , Atay Ozge , Odaman Al Isik , Ates Oguz 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Respiratory system involvement is common in congenital plasminogen deficiency. Although many treatment approaches have been tried, there is still no definitive treatment for respiratory system involvement.

Observation(s):
We report 2 congenital plasminogen deficiency cases, who presented with severe respiratory symptoms, for whom a novel treatment modality was tried. After intravenous administration of FFP (fresh frozen plasma), tissue plasminogen activator and FFP were administered intratracheally, and respiratory system findings improved.

Conclusions:
Intratracheal administration of tissue plasminogen activator and FFP is an available treatment modality for patients with lung involvement. Fibrin plaques should be carefully removed and new lesion formation should be prevented.
A Standardized Protocol for the Safe Retrieval of Infectious Postmortem Human Brain for Studying Whole-Brain Pathology
Authors: James Ranjit Immanuel , Verma Richa , Johnson Latif Rajesh , Manesh Abi , Jayakumar Jaikishan , Sen Mousumi , Joseph Jayaraj , Kumarasami Ramdayalan , Mitra Partha P. , Sivaprakasam Mohanasankar , Varghese George M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We describe a safe and standardized perfusion protocol for studying brain pathology in high-risk autopsies using a custom-designed low-cost infection containment chamber and high-resolution histology. The output quality was studied using the histological data from the whole cerebellum and brain stem processed using a high-resolution cryohistology pipeline at 0.5 μm per pixel, in-plane resolution with serial sections at 20-μm thickness. To understand the pathophysiology of highly infectious diseases, it is necessary to have a safe and cost-effective method of performing high-risk autopsies and a standardized perfusion protocol for preparing high-quality tissues. Using the low-cost infection containment chamber, we detail the cranial autopsy protocol and ex situ perfusion-fixation of 4 highly infectious adult human brains. The digitized high-resolution histology images of the Nissl-stained series reveal that most of the sections were free of processing artifacts, such as fixation damage, freezing artifacts, and osmotic shock, at the macrocellular and microcellular level. The quality of our protocol was also tested with the highly sensitive immunohistochemistry staining for specific protein markers. Our protocol provides a safe and effective method in high-risk autopsies that allows for the evaluation of pathogen-host interaction, the underlying pathophysiology, and the extent of the infection across the whole brain at microscopic resolutions.
Preliminary Prospective Preoperative and Postoperative Evaluation of Median Nerve Stiffness by Using Sonoelastography
Authors: Liao Kuan-Hao , Lin Yu-Te , Wu Chen-Te , Lin Cheng-Hung , Chen Shih-Heng , Hsu Chung-Chen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome. No previous studies have compared preoperative and follow-up sonoelastography results or investigated the correlation of median nerve stiffness with the subjective/objective outcomes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the preoperative and postoperative elastography after carpal tunnel release and find the correlation with associated subjective/objective outcomes.
From May 2017 to March 2020, 32 patients (6 males, 26 females; 34 hands) with carpal tunnel syndrome were enrolled in this prospective study. Demographic data, QuickDASH score (Chinese version), Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (Chinese version), nerve conduction velocity/electromyography, and median nerve stiffness by sonoelastography were recorded.
Comparisons of preoperative and average sonoelastography findings 1.5 years postoperatively showed a significant decrease in stiffness presented by velocity (Vs) (preoperative Vs, 4.63 ± 1.27 m/s, vs postoperative Vs, 3.39 ± 0.59 m/s; P < 0.001). Changes in subjective functional outcomes also showed the same significant trend. Based on the neurophysiologic study, the improvement of nerve conduction study and elastography have the significant correlation.
The same trend of preoperative and postoperative changes in median nerve stiffness and subjective questionnaires/objective neurophysiologic studies may imply that sonoelastography can be used to assess the response to surgery in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.
Expanding Our Role in Headache Management
Authors: Shaffrey Ellen C. , Seitz Allison J. , Albano Nicholas J. , Israel Jacqueline S. , Afifi Ahmed M. 
Published: July 2023

Background
Chronic postcraniotomy headache (PCH) is common and debilitating. Unfortunately, the literature on this topic is sparse without clear management algorithms. Possible etiologies of PCH include nerve injury and/or entrapment, hardware, dural adhesions, or musculoskeletal injury. The purpose of this study was to present the results of both a systematic review of the literature and a single-center case series, both of which informed the development of a novel treatment algorithm that may be applied to this patient population

Methods
Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, we performed a systematic review of the literature, identifying articles describing the surgical management of PCH. A retrospective chart review was performed to identify patients who met the criteria for PCH treated at our institution. A patient's history and physical examination determined the etiology and management, and pain severity scores were the primary outcome measured.

Results
Nineteen articles encompassing 131 patients described surgical management techniques for PCH. 83 patients (63.3%) had complete resolution of pain (χ
2 = 52.1, P < 0.0001). At our institution, 19 patients underwent surgical management for PCH. A significant reduction in pain scores from 7.57 to 2.16 (P < 0.001) was demonstrated, and 84 percent of patients achieved complete or significant pain reduction.

Conclusions
Through a literature review and our own case series, we demonstrate that surgical management of PCH can achieve remarkable results. Plastic surgeons, with their expanding role in treating migraine and headaches, are well suited to manage these patients. We present an algorithmic approach to simplify the management of this common and debilitating condition.
Assessing the relationship between antipsychotic drug use and prolidase enzyme activity and oxidative stress in schizophrenia patients: a case-control study
Authors: Yazla Ece , Cetin Ihsan , Kayadibi Huseyin 
Published: July 2023

Background
The relationship between proline, its association with oxidative stress, and its connection to schizophrenia is a subject that has not been sufficiently investigated.

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible effects of atypical and combined (typical and atypical) antipsychotic use on serum prolidase enzyme activity (SPEA) and serum oxidative stress parameters, and to assess the relationship between SPEA and oxidative stress in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods
A total of 57 patients with schizophrenia, of which 34 were using atypical (AAPG) and 23 were using combined (typical and atypical) (CAPG) antipsychotic therapy, and 28 healthy volunteers (control group) were included in this case-control study.

Results
SPEA levels of AAPG and CAPG were significantly lower than that of control group (P = 0.003). The oxidative stress index (OSI) value of AAPG was significantly higher than the other two groups (P = 0.001). SPEA (<1860 U/l) and OSI (≥0.54) could discriminate schizophrenia patients with antipsychotic therapy from control groups (P = 0.001 and P = 0.007, respectively). Lower SPEA levels were associated with antipsychotic use (P = 0.007).

Conclusion
The SPEA values of patients with schizophrenia on antipsychotics were significantly lower compared to controls. OSI values were significantly higher in atypical antipsychotic recipients compared to those on combined antipsychotics and healthy controls.
Predictors of second-line antiretroviral treatment virological failure at Felege hiwot and University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospitals Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia: a case-control study
Authors: Wubetu Getahun Ayenew , Ambelie Yeshambel Agumas , Shibabaw Tebkew , Getaneh Gebremariam , Abate Michael Getie 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundSecond-line HIV treatment failure has become increasing worldwide, mainly in sub- Sahara Africa including Ethiopia. Even though the problem becomes increasing, inadequate information was available about its magnitude and predictors in the current study area.ObjectiveTo assess the predictors of second line Anti-Retroviral Treatment virological failure among second line ART users.Method and materialsInstitutional based unmatched case control study design was conducted from first September 2021 to December last 2021 at Felege Hiowt and University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals; Amhara region, Northwest Ethiopia. A total of 216 patients (60 cases and 156 controls) were recruited by Simple random sampling technique with 1:3 cases-to-controls ratio. Patients who had two viral load results>1000 copies/ml within a 3-month interval after taking ART drugs for at least 6 months were cases whereas ≤1,000 copies/ mL were controls. The sample size was calculated by using Epi-Info version 7.2.4. Structured questionnaires were used to gather the required information. SPSS version 26 was used to summarize the findings. In bivariate logistic regression model, Variables with two-tailed P-value ≤ 0.25 at 95% confidence interval were transferred into multivariate binary logistic regression mode and P value at ≤ 0.05 was set as statistically significant.ResultsOut of 216 patients recruited, 212 were participated with a response rate of 98.2%. Among the participants, 117 (55.2%) were males and 187 (88.2%) were urban dwellers. 208 (98.1%) of the respondents had age > 24 years, 73 (34.4%) had elementary level of education, 72(34%) had poor ART adherence and 112(52.8) did not disclose their HIV status. Likewise, most of the patients 147(69.37) didn’t used condom. The Predictors were not disclosing HIV status (AOR=3.4, 95% CI: 1.52 – 7.79), poor adherence level (AOR=5.27, 95% CI: 2.2 - 12.5), not using condom (AOR=4.47, 95% CI: 1.63 – 12.2) and high Viral load (>1000 copes/ml) when switched to second line ART (AOR=3.56, 95% CI: 1.5 - 8).Conclusion and recommendationsThe Predictors of second line Anti-Retroviral Treatment virological failure were non-disclosure, poor adherence, not using condom and high Viral load (>1000 copes/ml) at switched to second line ART. Disclosing their HIV status, using condom and improving their adherence level for patients and counselling about the importance of disclosure and good adherence for health care providers are crucial.
Monitoring single root hairs using a micro-chambered hydroponics system MiCHy reveals a new mode of action of the aminosteroid U73122
Authors: Shikata Hiromasa , Sato Yoshikatsu , Schwechheimer Claus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen using chemical probes and inhibitors for cell biological studies, the uniform and rapid access of the chemical to the sample is key for the accuracy of the analysis. Until now, however, this could only be accomplished by using expensive equipment and labor-intensive and often lengthy procedures. Here, we introduce MiCHy, a micro-chambered hydroponics system, as an accessible and versatile method for chemical treatments and demonstrate its use for imaging roots ofArabidopsis thaliana, the major model system for plant cell biological research. Using lipid biosensors in combination with established chemicals, such as the phosphoinositol 4-kinase (PI4K) inhibitor phenylarsine oxide and the phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) inhibitor U73122, we demonstrate the suitability of MiCHy for studying the relationship between growth and lipid dynamics in root hairs. We further reveal novel effects of U73122 on the plasma membrane localization of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase 3 (PIP5K3), which is the first evidence demonstrating a role for U73122 besides its role as a PI-PLC inhibitor in plants.