bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Thermo-Fluid Dynamic Well Model for RTVFM Flow Rates Estimation
Authors: Grelli Erica , Ursini Fabrizio , Vignati Emanuele , Piccolo Andrea 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The availability of a simple and robust flow allocation system is of primary importance for reservoir management since it provides oil, water, and gas production for each well.
The low frequency of well separator tests and the difficulties in performing regular maintenance of multiphase flow meters have led to the development of Real Time Virtual Flow Meter (RTVFM) in Eni, a numerical solution to obtain real time flow rate estimation from pressure/temperature gauges measurements. This paper discusses the implementation and application of a novel RTVFM algorithm that increases the accuracy, stability, and robustness of the existing numerical tools even in case of extreme oil field environment with significant uncertainties.
Current Virtual Meter algorithms are based on fluid dynamic simulators which calculate the pressure drops through wellbore, choke, and flowlines; the algorithm can be run in real time to find the optimal production rates that minimize the error between physical pressure readings and the calculated ones. In this work, a constraint is added to the system by including the temperature matching in the objective function, further improving the tool reliability. An accurate heat transfer characterization of the well has been implemented to predict the temperature changes along the wellbore during time, as well as the thermal effect due to pressure variations (Joule-Thompson effect).
The effectiveness of the implemented algorithm has been proven by its application on a few offshore oil producers. In the chosen wells, equipped with dedicated MPFMs, the production measurements are not always reliable and RTVFM can be a valid support tool for back allocation. However, the flow rate estimation can be affected by significant uncertainties like production parameters variability (water cut and gas oil ratio) and fluid properties variation due to gas re-injection or artificial gas lift. In this scenario, the proposed enthalpy balance model allows to find a unique solution for the flow rate estimation, while the algorithm based only on pressure readings can converge to multiple solution rates.
Increasing the accuracy of RTVFM tool is imperative to allow a reliable back allocation process, even in case of MPFM unavailability, poor sensors data quality and highly variable fluid properties. This paper investigated how an advanced thermo-fluid dynamic model can improve Virtual Meter algorithms, thus reducing the uncertainties in the numerical flow rate estimation.
Adipocyte ZAG improves obesity-triggered insulin resistance by reshapingmacrophages populations in adipose tissue
Authors: liao zhe-zhen , Wang Ya-di , Ran Li , Hu Can , Gu qian-qian , Peng Ting , Wu Liang-liang , Wang Yuan-yuan , zhu Li-Yong , Qi xiao-yan , mai yun-ni , wang qi-yu , Yang Jing , liu jiang-hua , xiao xinhua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Adipose tissues macrophages (ATMs) serve as a critical effector in the mediating occurrence of metabolic inflammation to impact whole-body insulin sensitivity in obesity. Discovering the key adipokines mediating crosstalk of adipocytes-macrophages and understanding the molecular mechanism of ATMs polarization and function have become hot topic issues in the immunometabolism fields. Zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG) as a anti-inflammatory adipokines plays important roles in obesity-related metabolic diseases. We attempt to explore the precise role of adipose ZAG in metabolic inflammation and obesity-associated insulin resistance. Here we showed that Omental ZAG was positively associated with insulin sensitivity and M2 macrophages markers. ZAG-specific ablation in adipocyte aggravated insulin resistance and adipose tissues inflammation as evidenced by enhanced M1 macrophages proportion and inhibited AKT signaling pathway in mice fed with a high-fat diet. Exogenous ZAG inhibits PA-induced M1 macrophage polarization via β3-AR/PKA/STAT3 signaling in RAW264.7 macrophages.These findings suggest that adipocyte ZAG maintain insulin sensitivity via the cross talk with adipose-resident macrophages.
Subjective versus objective sleep in men with Klinefelter syndrome
Authors: Fjermestad Krister Westlye , Finnbakk Rebecca R , Solbakk Anne-Kristin , Gravholt Claus Højbjerg , Huster Rene Jürgen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To investigate sleep among men with Klinefelter syndrome (KS). Method: We compared the sleep domains latency, disturbance, and efficiency in 30 men with KS (M age = 36.7 years, SD = 10.6) to 21 age-matched non-KS controls (M age = 36.8 years, SD = 14.4). Actigraphs were used to objectively measure sleep across 7 days and nights. Participants also completed a sleep diary over the same period, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).
Results: The mean correlation between the objective and subjective sleep measures was lower for the KS sample (M r = .15) than for controls (M r = .34). Sleep disturbance was significantly larger in the KS sample, as measured by actigraphy (p = .022, d = 0.71) and the PSQI (p= .037, d = 0.61). In regression models predicting sleep domains from KS status, age, educational level, vocational status, IQ, and mental health, KS status was not a significant predictor. Higher age was associated with more actigraphy-measured sleep disturbance. Higher educational level and being employed were associated with better sleep efficiency.
Conclusions: Sleep disturbance may be a particular problem for men with KS and should be measured with complimentary methods.
Overlapping filter-bank convolutional neural network for multisubject multicategory motor imagery BCI
Authors: Luo Jing , Mao Qi , Shi Zhenghao , Ren Xiaorong , Hei Xinhong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Recently, CNN-based models have been widely used in motor imagery brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) due to their powerful feature representation ability. However, in multisubject motor imagery BCI, the discriminative frequency bands vary from subject to subject. Thus, using CNNs to extract discriminative features from EEG signals of different frequency components is a promising method in multisubject EEG recognition.
Methods
This paper presents a novel overlapping filter-bank CNN to incorporate discriminative information from multiple frequency components in multisubject motor imagery recognition. Specifically, two overlapping filter banks with fixed low-cut frequency or sliding low-cut frequency are employed to obtain multiple frequency component representations of EEG signals. Then, multiple CNN models are trained separately. Finally, the output probabilities of multiple CNN models are integrated to determine the predicted EEG label.
Results
Experiments were conducted based on three popular CNN backbone models and two public datasets. We compared the performance of overlapping filter-bank CNN with the state-of-the-art methods and traditional nonoverlapping-based CNN, and the results showed that the overlapping filter-bank CNN was efficient and universal in improving multisubject motor imagery BCI performance.
Conclusion
The proposed overlapping filter bank CNN framework with fixed low-cut frequency is an efficient and universal method to improve the performance of multisubject motor imagery BCI.
The Impact of Financial Development on Poverty, Growth and Inequality in Ethiopia
Authors: Della Amanuel Wotango 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
To understand the full picture of multidimensional effect of financial development, simultaneously evaluating through growth-inequality-poverty triangle is very critical and one step ahead of traditional frameworks. Thus, this study has examined the impact of financial development on poverty, growth and inequality in Ethiopia. Taking into account simultaneous effects, time series data has been used with simultaneous equation model for the period of 1991 to 2019 as there was economic policy change in 1991. The finding shows, first, the direct impact of financial development on poverty reduction increases the proportion of population living below the national poverty line. Second, the indirect impact of financial development on poverty reduction lift up the poor through economic growth and income distribution. Third, indirect effect is pro-poor and trickle-down hypothesis firmly supported. Fourth, a strong financial institution plays a crucial role in improving the wellbeing of the poor. Finally, Kuznets’ inverted-U theory that is explaining the average income and inequality in long run is not robust and the model is unverified. Furthermore, there is a long run cointegration relationship between financial development and poverty reduction. Finally, it is concluded that financial development plays a significant role on poverty reduction and mainly through the indirect channel of economic growth and income distribution. Therefore, the government shall design a compulsory pro-poor public policy inquiring financial institutions to efficiently allocate certain percentage of loan to poor, SMEs and informal sectors. This will help to promote inclusive financial system and ultimately enhance innovation, productivity and industrial development.
Modulating red mud for fabrication of cementitious material by analyzing the thermal evolution of hydrogarnets
Authors: Wang Beibei , Wu Jiaming , Sun Xiaojie , Jiang Jun , Yang Qingchun , Li Quanliang , Ye Zhengmao , Guo Jiayu , Wang Xiaohao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This work aims to develop a modulation strategy for converting red mud (RM) into cementitious material based on elucidating the phase transformation of hydrogarnet. The results show that cementitious minerals 2CaO⋅SiO2 (C2S), 12CaO⋅7Al2O3 (C12A7), and 4CaO⋅Al2O3⋅Fe2O3 (C4AF), as well as the free iron minerals Fe and FeO, are formed by integrating calcification dealkalization and reduction roasting treatment of RM. During the reduction roasting process, CaO is preferentially combined with SiO2 and Al2O3 to form cementitious minerals, and the Fe(III) compounds in hydrogarnet and hematite can be directly reduced to free iron minerals without intermediate ferrites. By optimizing the reduction roasting parameters and eliminating the useless minerals 2CaO⋅Al2O3⋅SiO2 (C2AS) and FeO, the reduction roasting product is mainly composed of C2S, C12A7, C4AF, and Fe. Therefore, cementitious material is obtained after the magnetic separation of Fe, which possesses both early and late hydration properties. In addition, 75% Fe in RM can be recovered, and the reduced iron powder (RIP) is also useful in the cement clinker production or steel smelting process. The findings in this work lay the foundations for understanding the phase transformation of RM-derived hydrogarnet in the reduction roasting process and also provide a new reference for the modulation and utilization of RM in the cement and concrete field.
High phosphorus availability and low light intensity resist the invasiveness of alien plant Chromolaena odorata on tropical coral islands
Authors: Huang Luping , Liao Mengcheng , Liao Huixuan , Liu Zhangfeng , Cai Hongyue , Zhou Wanmin , Xu Zhanhui , Ouyang Kangting , Yang Wenyun , Jian Shuguang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The vegetation and ecosystems of the Paracel Islands are extremely fragile and very difficult to restore after destruction. Chromolaena odorata is one of the most common invasive plants as guano phosphorus input constantly decreasing for islands, which has caused substantial harm to native vegetation on the Paracel Islands in recent years. In the current study, we investigated the growth and interspecific competition of C. odorata with the native species Pisonia grandis and Scaevola taccada as affected by light intensity and soil P content. The experiment, which was conducted in greenhouse, had two light intensities (full light or 10% light) and three levels of soil available phosphorus (P) content (53.89 mg·kg-1 low P, 253.89 mg·kg-1 medium P, and 1053.89 mg·kg-1 high P). The results showed that low light intensity significantly inhibited the growth of P. grandis, S. taccada, and C. odorata. However, compared with the low P treatment, the high P treatment significantly inhibited the growth of C. odorata and P. grandis, and significantly increased the growth of S. taccada under full-light conditions. The effect of soil P content on the interspecific competition between C. odorata, P. grandis, and S. taccada was affected by light intensity and plant species. Compared with the low and medium P treatments, the high P treatment significantly reduced the competitive advantage of C. odorata over P. grandis. The results demonstrate that shaded habitats with high soil P content could restrict invasion by C. odorata. This suggests that the invasion on tropical coral islands by C. odorata can be reduced by protecting the native vegetation (to increase shade) and seabirds (to increase soil P content).
Bioengineered tissue and cell therapy products are efficiently cryopreserved with pathogen-inactivated human platelet lysate-based solutions
Authors: Martín-López María , Rosell-Valle Cristina , Arribas-Arribas Blanca , Fernández-Muñoz Beatriz , Jiménez Rosario , Nogueras Sonia , García-Delgado Ana Belén , Campos Fernando , Santos-Gonzalez Monica 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
There remains much interest in improving cryopreservation techniques for advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs). Recently, human platelet lysate (hPL) has emerged as a promising candidate to replace fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a xeno-free culture supplement for the expansion of human cell therapy products. Whether hPL can also substitute for FBS in cryopreservation procedures remains poorly studied. Here, we evaluated several cryoprotective formulations based on a proprietary hPL for the cryopreservation of bioengineered tissues and cell therapy products.
Methods
We tested different xenogeneic-free, pathogen-inactivated hPL (ihPL)- and non-inactivated-based formulations for cryopreserving bioengineered tissue (cellularized nanostructured fibrin agarose hydrogels (NFAHs)) and common cell therapy products including bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs), human dermal fibroblasts (FBs) and neural stem cells (NSCs). To assess the tissue and cellular properties post-thaw of NFAHs, we analyzed their cell viability, identity and structural and biomechanical properties. Also, we evaluated cell viability, recovery and identity post-thaw in cryopreserved cells. Further properties like immunomodulation, apoptosis and cell proliferation were assessed in certain cell types. Additionally, we examined the stability of the formulated solutions. The formulations are under a bidding process with MD Bioproducts (Zurich, Switzerland) and are proprietary.
Results
Amongst the tissue specific solutions, Ti5 (low-DMSO and ihPL-based) preserved the viability and the phenotype of embedded cells in NFAHs and preserved the matrix integrity and biomechanical properties similar to those of the standard cryopreservation solution (70% DMEM + 20% FBS + 10% DMSO). All solutions were stable at -20ºC for at least 3 months. Regarding cell specific solutions, CeA, maintained the viability of all cell types > 80%, preserved the immunomodulatory properties of BM-MSCs and promoted good recovery post-thaw. Besides, both tested solutions were stable at -20ºC for 18 months. Finally, we established that there is a 3-hour window in which thawed NFAHs and FBs, maintain optimum viability immersed in the formulated solutions; and, at least 2 h for BM-MSCs.
Conclusions
Our results show that pathogen-inactivated solutions Ti5 -allocated for bioengineered tissues- and CeA -allocated for cells- are efficient and safe candidates to cryopreserve ATMPs, and offer a xenogeneic-free and low-DMSO alternative to commercially available cryoprotective solutions.
It is not just about prescription. A Cohort study the impact of enteral nutrition on mortality of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Authors: Flores-López Adriana , Quiroz-Olguín Gabriela , González-Garay Alejandro , Serralde-Zúñiga Aurora 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives:
During COVID-19 pandemic, international societies released guidelines and recommendations for patients requiring nutritional support according with previous similar respiratory diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the nutritional support provided by enteral nutrition (EN) in patients with COVID-19 infection, identify if the recommendations from international societies were met and their impact on mortality rate. Subjects/Methods: A cohort study was conducted on adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary hospital. Demographic, clinical, biochemical, and nutritional variables were obtained. A random-effect parametric survival-time model was performed to quantify the risk of death for each variable, the Hausman test was used to confirm the model. Results: 229 patients were enrolled; the delivered energy was > 80% of adequacy in the first two days, as suggested by international guidelines (11.7 ± 4.9 kcal/kg); however, an adequacy rate less than 60% was achieved on day 14 (25.4 ± 7.4 kcal/kg). The protein adequacy was > 75% on the first day of infusion (1.3 ± 0.3 g/kg); however, the infusion was < 50% (1.5 ± 0.4 g/kg) after being extubated. Age, sex, and nutritional risk were related to higher mortality in patients with EN, whereas, the infused energy and protein, the percentage of protein adequacy, arginine, and omega-3 were associated with lower mortality. Conclusion: Achieving at least 80% of the energy and protein requirements, as well as omega-3 and arginine supplementation are associated with lower mortality in COVID-19 patients. More studies are needed to confirm the role of these nutrients on the mortality rate.
‘A spade was called a spade...it was not called a garden tool...’: Youth and intervention implementers’ perceptions of a resilience-based HIV prevention intervention for reducing risky sexual behaviors among youth in South Africa
Authors: Mbengo Fungai , Adama Esther , Towell-Barnard Amanda , Zgambo Maggie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Youth (15-24 years) in South Africa remain at high risk of HIV infection despite interventional efforts to control the disease. Programs directed at promoting resilience or protective factors in youth have been recommended as a multifaceted approach to mitigate risky sexual behaviors associated with HIV infection among youth. However, limited research exists on how relevant stakeholders, such as youth and intervention implementers perceive resilience-based HIV prevention interventions targeting youth. This study explored youth and intervention implementers’ perceptions of a resilience-based HIV prevention intervention (You Only Live Once) aimed at reducing risky sexual behaviors among youth in South Africa.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 youth who participated in the intervention and four intervention implementers at a not-for-profit organization in Maluti-a-Phofung Local Municipality, South Africa. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results: Three main themes emerged from the data: (1) Acceptability and impact of the intervention – the intervention was perceived as important and helpful in fostering positive behavior change among youth and enhancing their sexual health and social skills knowledge; self-confidence; and relationships with parents and peers. (2) Factors influencing intervention implementation – participants reported several multi-level factors which impeded or promoted the implementation of the intervention. (3) Recommendations to improve intervention implementation – participants made suggestions on how intervention implementation could be enhanced.
Conclusion: These findings provide insights into youth and intervention implementers’ perceptions about the acceptability, impact and barriers and facilitators of resilience-based HIV prevention interventions for youth in South Africa and similar contexts. The findings can help researchers, policy makers and healthcare practitioners in the field of HIV prevention to improve interventions targeting young people.
Micro- and Macrocirculatory effects of norepinephrine on anaesthesia- induced hypotension : a prospective study
Authors: Kindermans Manuel , Joachim Jona , Manquat Elsa , Levé Charlotte , Hong Alex , Mateo Joachim , Mebazaa Alexandre , Gayat Etienne , Backer Daniel , Vallée Fabrice 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Intraoperative arterial hypotension (IOH) leads to increased postoperative morbidity. Norepinephrine is often use to treat IOH. The question regarding the mode of administration in either a bolus or continuous infusion remains unanswered. The aim of the present study was to describe and compare the effects on macrocirculation and microcirculation of a bolus and a continuous infusion of norepinephrine to treat IOH.
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study with adult patients who underwent neurosurgery. Patients with invasive arterial blood pressure and cardiac output (CO) monitoring were screened for inclusion. All patients underwent microcirculation monitoring by video-capillaroscopy, laser doppler, near-infrared spectroscopy technology, and tissular CO2. In case of IOH, the patient could receive either a bolus of 10 µg or a continuous infusion of 200 µg/h of norepinephrine. Time analysis for comparison between bolus and continuous infusion were at peak of MAP.
Results: Thirty-five patients were included, with 41 boluses and 33 continuous infusion.
Bolus and continuous infusion induced an maximal increase in mean arterial pressure of +30[20-45] and +23[12-34] %, respectively (P=0,07). For macrocirculatory parameters, continuous infusion was associated with a smaller decrease in CO and stroke volume (p<0.05).
For microcirculatory parameters, perfusion index (-12 vs. +12%, p=0,008), microvascular flow index (-0,1 vs. + 0,3, p=0,03), total vessel density (-0,2 vs. +2,3 mm2/mm2, p=0,002), showed significant opposite variations with bolus and continuous infusion, respectively.
Conclusions: These results on macro and microcirculation enlighten the potential benefits of a continuous infusion of norepinephrine rather than a bolus to treat anaesthesia-induced hypotension.
Trial registration : (NOR-PHARM: 1-17-42 Clinical Trials: NCT03454204), 05/03/2018