bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SYMBICORT® TURBUHALER®: A NEW CONCEPT IN ASTHMA MANAGEMENT
Authors: Kuna P , Kuprys I 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYSymbicort® is a novel asthma product containing both budesonide and formoterol in a single inhaler, Turbuhaler®. Budesonide is a corticosteroid that treats underlying airway inflammation in asthma; formoterol is a rapid‐ and long‐acting β2‐agonist that prevents and reverses airway obstruction. Budesonide and formoterol therefore have complementary effects, treating two different components of asthma. Clinical studies have shown that Symbicort is more effective in the treatment of asthma than double‐dose corticosteroid, and clinical experience to date indicates that Symbicort is at least as effective and well tolerated as budesonide and formoterol given in separate inhalers. Symbicort has a fast onset of effect, which may help patients feel more in control of their condition and improve adherence to their medication, and a long duration of effect that allows twice‐daily or even once‐daily dosing during periods of good control. More convenient treatment represents another important benefit for patients with asthma, as ease of use can also result in improved adherence, leading to better disease control.
THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH HCV‐POSITIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS: EFFICACY OF LEUCOCYTE INTERFERON‐α TREATMENT
Authors: Benci A , Caremani M , Tacconi D 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYTreating patients with HCV‐associated thrombocytopenia is a problem, because the pathogenesis of thrombocytopenia is still unclear. We evaluated the clinical and haematological response to leucocyte interferon‐α in 20 naive patients with chronic hepatitis C and thrombocytopenia (platelet count <140 × 109/l for at least six months) without portal hypertension and/or hypersplenism. They were treated with leucocyte interferon‐α (3 MU three times per week) for 12 months and followed up for 12 months. Biochemical (ALT) and virological (HCV‐RNA) responses were determined. Two patients discontinued treatment because of hyperthyroidism. Of the 18 patients who completed treatment, 12 (66%) showed a biochemical response, 10 of whom (55.5%) also showed a virological response. At the end of follow‐up, four patients (22%) showed a complete (biochemical and virological) response. During treatment, platelet counts decreased to less than 10–20% of pretreatment values in most patients. Three of the four patients with a complete response showed a platelet increase during treatment and throughout the follow‐up period. In HCV‐associated thrombocytopenia leucocyte interferon‐α is well tolerated and in cases of sustained virological inhibition is able to ameliorate the disease by increasing the platelet count.
AMPHETAMINE‐RELATED ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION DUE TO CORONARY ARTERY SPASM
Authors: Hung M‐J , Kuo L‐T , Cherng W‐J 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYA 27‐year‐old man developed acute myocardial infarction after intravenous amphetamine use. A coronary angiogram showed plaques in the mid‐portion of the left anterior descending artery which developed coronary artery spasm after administration of intracoronary ergonovine. The findings in this case suggest that these coronary artery plaques played a role in the endothelial dysfunction resulting from amphetamine use, and that induction of coronary arterial spasm was the likely mechanism of amphetamine‐related acute myocardial infarction.
New insight into the coloration mechanism and synthesis of ultrafine Pr‐ZrSiO4 yellow pigments
Authors: Peng Shan , Yang Ranran , Lei Binglong , Chen Renhua , Gao Yun , Xia Xiaohong , Homewood Kevin P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is of particular significance to unveil the authentic coloration mechanism of the multivalent praseodymium colored ZrSiO4 yellow pigments for advanced decoration applications. We herein adopted a facile strategy to modulate the fluorine‐assisted zircon crystallization and thereby obtained ultrafine Pr‐ZrSiO4 yellow pigments, which have a remarkably narrow size distribution and average diameters within 250–400 nm. By virtue of some cogent combinative spectra of reflection, absorption, excitation, and emission from three types of elaborately‐designed H2‐, air‐, and O2‐based pigments, the coloration mechanism for the Pr‐colored zircon was systematically unveiled: both Pr4+ and Pr3+ coexist invariably in the pigments, while the former contributes primarily to the ligand‐to‐metal charge transfer from O2p to Pr(IV)4f for the blue–violet absorption to generate the yellow hue, and the latter is inclined to discolor the pigments. Therefore, an oxidizing atmosphere is preferable to produce brilliant Pr‐ZrSiO4 pigments with enhanced chromatic properties. The stark spectroscopic distinctions between the wide‐band absorption from the nonluminescent tetravalency and the narrow‐band absorption from the luminescent trivalency can expand our understanding to the rare‐earth‐based inorganic pigments.
Phase‐structure evolution and electrocaloric effect in Sr2NaNb4.3Ta0.7O15‐based filled tungsten bronze ceramics
Authors: Ji Xiaoli , Li Feng , Liu Jing , Long Mingsheng , Zheng Jun , Wang Chunchang , Shan Lei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo investigate the effect of A‐site substitution on phase‐structure evolution and electrocaloric effect (ECE) in filled tungsten bronze ceramics, Sr2–3x/2LaxNaNb4.3Ta0.7O15 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06) ceramics are prepared through a two‐step solid‐state reaction method. Rietveld refinement shows that La2O3 addition achieves a partial transition from orthorhombic (Im2a) to tetragonal phase (P4bm). A decrease in phase transition temperature, enhancement in distortion degree, and relaxation behavior are observed with increasing La2O3 content, as demonstrated by dielectric, in situ Raman spectra, and ferroelectric properties. The indirectly measured ECE shows a non‐monotonic variation, with room‐temperature ECE ranging from 0.19, 0.15, 0.23 to finally 0.19 K for x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06 compositions, respectively. This evolution trend is explained by an interplay of relaxation and multiphase coexistence. Directly measured ECE is also performed and a positive ECE character with a good temperature stability is observed. This work not only establishes relationships between phase‐structure evolution and ECE in filled Sr2NaNb4.3Ta0.7O15 tungsten bronze ceramics, but also presents its possibility in applications of thermally stable EC devices.
Managing Bubbles in Experimental Asset Markets with Monetary Policy
Authors: HENNEQUIN MYRNA , HOMMES CARS 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe study the effect of a “leaning against the wind” monetary policy on asset price bubbles in a learning‐to‐forecast experiment, where prices are driven by the expectations of market participants. We find that a strong interest rate response is successful in preventing or deflating large price bubbles, while a weak response is not. Giving information about the interest rate changes and communicating the goal of the policy increases coordination of expectations and has a stabilizing effect. When the steady‐state fundamental price is unknown and the interest rate rule is based on a proxy instead, the policy is less effective.
Argument by False Analogy: The Mistaken Classification of Bitcoin as Token Money
Authors: MILNE ALISTAIR 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper documents inconsistent terminologies and misleading analogies in current discussions of digital money and payments. It offers a more consistent framework for understanding the potential of technological innovation in providing the functions of money and payments: as media of exchange, stores of value, and units of account and the implications of cryptographic technologies underpinning cryptocurrencies for the future of money and payments. These could support efficiency gains in money and payments, but decentralization is not inherent to their application. Radical reform leading to improved economic outcomes is conceivable, but not through disruptive displacement of existing institutional arrangements.
A severe case of neuroleukemiosis caused by B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, presenting as mononeuritis multiplex
Authors: Vicino Alex , Cochet Stéphane , Pistocchi Silvia , Conrad Curdin , Ribi Camillo , Du Pasquier Renaud , Brouland Jean‐Philippe , Théaudin Marie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsTo report an exceptional case of nerve infiltration by an otherwise benign chronic B cell leukemia, inducing severe mononeuritis multiplex.MethodsThe patient underwent extensive evaluation, including nerve conduction study and myography, brain and plexus MRI, and nerve biopsy.ResultsThe clinical and electrophysiological diagnosis was a mononeuritis multiplex with severe motor and sensory involvement; only the nerve biopsy allowed definite diagnosis and introduction of chemotherapy, leading to resolution of sensory deficit and progressive motor improvement.DiscussionNeuroleukemiosis caused by chronic lymphoid leukemia is an exceptional diagnosis. The presence of other possible causes like cryoglobulinemia could induce avoidance of nerve biopsy thus undertreating patient, since steroid treatment is not expected to be efficient on lymphocytic proliferation. Our case stretches the importance of nerve biopsy and raises neuromuscular specialist's awareness of this rare entity.
A cross‐sectional, observational study of nutritional status and eating behaviours in people living with dementia in acute care settings
Authors: Lin Ping‐Hsiu , Ataiza Chell , Ho Mu‐Hsing , Chung Yen‐Yeh (Vera) , Sharp Liam , Chang Hui‐Chen (Rita) 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo understand the nutritional status, observing eating difficulties during mealtimes for people living with dementia in acute care settings.BackgroundChanged eating behaviours caused by declining cognitive function is common in people living with dementia which can lead to malnutrition. Malnutrition is associated with prolonged hospitalisation and increased mortality. People living with dementia in acute care settings are at high risk of malnutrition. This highlights the importance of better understanding the nutritional intake and eating behaviours of people living with dementia in acute care settings.DesignThis study is a cross‐sectional, observational study.MethodsData of mealtime difficulties and nutritional status of people living with dementia were collected in four geriatric care wards (in acute or sub‐acute hospitals) by using Feeding Difficulty Index and Mini Nutritional Assessment Short‐Form. The STROBE checklist was used throughout this study.ResultsThe study included 94 people living with dementia. The median age of the participants was 85.86 years old, with a Feeding Difficulty Index of 8.27 and had stayed in hospitals for average 14.46 days, with an average total feeding time of 24.61 min. Only 1.2% of participants were considered to be in normal nutritional status, whereas 72.1% were malnourished. All participants required partial or full assistance during mealtime. Participants with higher scores on the Feeding Difficulty Index have longer total feeding times, compared to those with lower scores.ConclusionsMalnutrition is prevalent in people living with dementia. People living with dementia demonstrate varying mealtime difficulties depending on the level of dependence. Mealtime assistance training programs are warranted and are beneficial for nursing staff and family members to improve their feeding skills and knowledge.No patient or public contributionThis study did not involve patients, service users, caregivers or members of the public.Relevance to clinical practiceThe study is relevant to clinical practice by identifying changed eating behaviours or mealtime difficulties in people living with dementia in acute care settings can significantly decrease the risk of malnutrition.
Argonaute 1 and 5 proteins play crucial roles in the defence against cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in watermelon
Authors: Liu Mei , Wu Huijie , Hong Ni , Kang Baoshan , Peng Bin , Liu Liming , Gu Qinsheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRNA silencing, a core part of plants' antiviral defence, requires the ARGONAUTE, DICER‐like, and RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase proteins. However, how these proteins contribute to watermelon's RNA interference (RNAi) pathway response to cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) has not been characterized. Here, we identify seven ClAGO, four ClDCL, and 11 ClRDR genes in watermelon and analyse their expression profiles when infected with CGMMV. ClAGO1 and ClAGO5 expression levels were highly induced by CGMMV infection. The results of ClAGO1 and ClAGO5 overexpression and silencing experiments suggest that these genes play central roles in watermelon's antiviral defence. Furthermore, co‐immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments showed that ClAGO1 interacts with ClAGO5 in vivo, suggesting that ClAGO1 and ClAGO5 co‐regulate watermelon defence against CGMMV infection. We also identified the ethylene response factor (ERF) binding site in the promoters of the ClAGO1 and ClAGO5 genes, and ethylene (ETH) treatment significantly increased ClAGO5 expression. Two ERF genes (Cla97C08G147180 and Cla97C06G122830) closely related to ClAGO5 expression were identified using co‐expression analysis. Subcellular localization revealed that two ERFs and ClAGO5 predominantly localize at the nucleus, suggesting that enhancement of resistance to CGMMV by ETH is probably achieved through ClAGO5 but not ClAGO1. Our findings reveal aspects of the mechanisms underlying RNA silencing in watermelon against CGMMV.
The prognostic value of CHA2DS2‐VASc and modified‐CHADS2 scores for cardiovascular events in diabetics and non‐diabetics haemodialysis patients
Authors: Tourountzis Theodoros , Lioulios Georgios , Ginikopoulou Evdoxia , Stasini Fotini , Skarlatou Zoi , Stai Stamatia , Christodoulou Michalis , Moysidou Eleni , Stangou Maria 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimCHA2DS2‐VASc and modified‐CHADS2 score can easily estimate the risk of stroke in atrial fibrillation. Study's purpose was to evaluate these in haemodialysis patients, and assess the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsThe scores calculated in 237 haemodialysis patients, 121 diabetics (58 females) and 116 non‐diabetics (41 females). Results correlated to cardiovascular events (acute myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, stroke, mortality).ResultsCHA2DS2‐VASc score correlated with the occurrence of stroke and heart failure (p < .01, p < .01), (p < .01, p < .01), respectively in diabetics and non‐diabetics. CHA2DS2‐VASc score could predict the risk of all‐cause mortality in both groups, p = .03, p < .01, respectively, however, the risk of cardiovascular death could be predicted in non‐diabetics, p < .01. Modified‐CHADS2 score associated with heart failure (p = .04), cardiovascular (p < .01) and all‐cause mortality (p < .01) only on non‐diabetics. C statistics indicated that the first score showed modest discrimination in patients with and without DM, for stroke and all‐cause mortality. The second score performed modestly only on patients without DM for all‐cause mortality. Both scores showed poor calibration. Stroke was a common cause of cardiovascular death (OR = 3.52, 95% CI = 1.92–6.47, p < .01) and associated with central venous catheter (OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.12–4.27, p = .02) and pre‐existing atrial fibrillation (OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.06–3.58, p = .03).ConclusionCHA2DS2‐VASc score correlated with stroke, heart failure and all‐cause mortality in haemodialysis patients with and without DM. The risk of cardiovascular death could be predicted only in non‐diabetics patients. Modified‐CHADS2 score correlated with heart failure, cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality only on non‐diabetics. Both had modest discrimination and poor calibration.
Leadless pacemaker with transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A single‐center experience
Authors: Gao Feng , Kherallah Riyad , Koetting Mackenzie , Simpson Leo , Seger John , Koneru Srikanth , Coselli Joseph , Preventza Ourania , Orozco‐Sevilla Vicente , Manon Nastasya , Silva Guilherme V 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe safety and efficacy of leadless pacemakers (LP) in transcatheter aortic valve implant (TAVI) patients is not well known due to paucity of data. Herein, we compared outcomes between leadless pacemakers to traditional dual chamber pacemakers (DCP) following TAVI.MethodsA single‐center retrospective study was conducted, including a total of 27 patients with LP and 33 patients with DCP after TAVI between November 2013 and May 2021. We compared baseline demographics, pacemaker indications, complication rates, percent pacing, and ejection fractions.ResultsLeading indications for pacemaker implant were complete heart block (74% LP, 73% DCP) and high degree atrioventricular block (26% LP, 21% DCP). Twenty‐two (82%) LP patients had devices implanted in the right ventricular septal‐apex. Three (9%) DCP patients required rehospitalization for pocket related complications. Zero pacemaker‐related mortality was observed in both groups. Frequency of ventricular pacing and ejection fraction was similar between LP and DCP groups.ConclusionFrom this single‐center retrospective study, LP implant was feasible following TAVI and was found to have comparable performance to DCPs. LPs may be a reasonable alternative in TAVI patients where single ventricular pacing is indicated. Larger studies are required to validate these findings.
Permanent pacemaker implantation in post one‐and‐a‐half ventricle repair with tricuspid valve replacement in Ebstein anomaly: An innovative technique
Authors: Chokesuwattanaskul Ronpichai , Vithessonthi Kanyalak , Benjacholamas Vichai , Lertsapcharoen Pornthep 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionTransvenous pacemaker implantation in patients post bidirectional Glenn anastomosis in one‐and‐a‐half ventricle repair is usually not feasible. However, with a modified surgical technique for Glenn anastomosis and a combined interventional and electrophysiologic approach, the transvenous pacemaker was successfully implanted.Findings and ConclusionsWe reported a novel technique of pacemaker implantation in a 27‐year‐old woman, underlying Ebstein anomaly of the tricuspid valve, who developed intermittent complete atrioventricular block at 5 years after surgical repair. The patient had a tricuspid valve replacement and a novel modified bidirectional Glenn anastomosis for one‐and‐a‐half ventricle repair. The Glenn circuit was conducted by opening a window between the posterior wall of the superior vena cava (SVC) and the anterior wall of the right pulmonary artery (RPA), combined with putting a Goretex membrane in the SVC below the SVC‐RPA window without disconnecting the SVC from the right atrium. The transvenous pacemaker was implanted by perforating the Goretex membrane, then passing the leads from the axillary vein through the perforated membrane and placing them in the coronary sinus and right atrium.
Nurse‐led culturally relevant smoking reduction intervention among cardiovascular and respiratory patients in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Naheed Feroz , Barolia Rubina , Ajani Khairulnissa , Khan Faris , Anastasia Jenifer , Iqbal Sajid 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionSocioeconomically deprived populations are at greater risk for smoking‐induced diseases and death, such as cancers, and cardiovascular and respiratory illnesses. The initiation of a nurse‐led smoking cessation program in clinical practice is an effective method to enhance smoking cessation among cardiovascular and respiratory patients in Pakistan. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse‐led smoking reduction intervention performed at out‐patient clinics in Karachi, Pakistan.MethodsA single group pre‐and post‐test study was conducted on eligible patients (n = 83) with a typical profile of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in a tertiary care hospital from December 2020 to July 2021.InterventionThe multi‐modal nurse‐led intervention consisted of two face‐to‐face motivational counseling (30‐min) and free nicotine replacement therapy with telephonic counseling and follow‐ups offered to all eligible patients for 2 months.ResultsThe nurse‐led intervention resulted in a significant decrease in daily cigarette consumption in most of the patients (75.9%) by 50% and 16.9% of the patients reported smoking abstinence (quitter) at 1‐week follow‐up (p < .001), verified by a CO breath test.ConclusionA nurse‐managed smoking reduction intervention for even a short duration (2 months) in clinics is an effective approach in enhancing smoking abstinence and reduction among cardiovascular and respiratory patients.
It does not need two: Assessing physiological linkage from videos across the valence dimension
Authors: Wingenbach Tanja S. H. , Peyk Peter , Pfaltz Monique C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe phenomenon of physiological linkage describes similar fluctuations of two individuals' physiology, for example, the cardiac inter‐beat interval (IBI). Physiological linkage is a well‐documented occurrence in research settings of interacting dyads but the literature on non‐interacting dyads, that is, someone watching a video of another person, is sparse. The current study investigated whether physiological linkage, based on IBI, occurs from watching videos where strangers report about personal (neutral, positive, negative non‐traumatic, and negative traumatic) experiences. Videos were produced with six individuals and then presented to observers (N = 26). Time‐frequency‐domain cross‐wavelet analyses supplemented by threshold‐free cluster enhancement (TFCE; to account for multiple testing) showed significant physiological linkage between the IBI of observers and persons in the videos for 16 out of the 21 tested videos. Although significant physiological linkage also emerged for neutral videos and positive, negative valence videos led to such associations more reliably. This study shows that physiological linkage can be investigated in highly controlled conditions based on video stimuli paving the path for experimental manipulation in future research. Furthermore, due to the provision of information on time and frequency, the use of cross‐wavelet analysis is encouraged to learn more about factors modulating physiological linkage. The current study presents the next step toward identifying psychophysiological causal and modulating factors of physiological linkage.