bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of extracorporeal artificial liver support in pediatric acute liver failure: A single-center experience of over 10 years
Authors: Ocak Ilhan 
Published: February 2023

PurposeAcute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening disease characterized by rapid-onset liver dysfunction, coagulopathy, and encephalopathy in patients without chronic liver disease. Today, the combined application of continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF) and plasma exchange (PEX), which are forms of supportive extracorporeal therapy (SECT), with conventional liver therapy in ALF is recommended. This study aims to retrospectively analyze the effects of combined SECT in pediatric patients with ALF.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 42 pediatric patients, followed in the liver transplantation intensive care unit. The patients had ALF and received PEX supportive therapy with combined CVVHDF. The biochemical lab values of the results for the patients before the first combined SECT and after the last combined SECT were analyzed comparatively.ResultsOf the pediatric patients included in our study, 20 were girls and 22 were boys. Liver transplantation was performed in 22 patients, and 20 patients recovered without transplantation. After the discontinuation of combined SECT, all patients had significantly lower serum liver function test results (total bilirubin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase), ammonia, and prothrombin time/international normalized ratio levels than the previous levels (p &lt; 0.01). Hemodynamic parameters (i.e., mean arterial pressure) also improved significantly.Discussion and ConclusionCombined CVVHDF and PEX treatment significantly improved biochemical parameters and clinical findings, including encephalopathy, in pediatric patients with ALF. PEX therapy combined with CVVHDF is a proper supportive therapy for bridging or recovery.
Exploring the mechanism of anti-chronic heart failure effect of qiweiqiangxin І granules based on metabolomics
Authors: Zhong Wanru , Li Yihua , Zhong Haixiang , Cheng Yuanyuan , Chen Qi , Zhao Xinjun , Liu Zhongqiu , Li Rong , Zhang Rong 
Published: February 2023

Background: Qiweiqiangxin І granules (QWQX І) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation based on the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine, which produces a good curative effect in treating chronic heart failure (CHF). However, its pharmacological effect and potential mechanism for CHF remain unknown.Aim of the study: The purpose of this study is to clarify the efficacy of QWQX І and its possible mechanisms.Materials and methods: A total of 66 patients with CHF were recruited and randomly assigned to the control or QWQX І groups. The primary endpoint was the effect of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after 4 weeks of treatment. The LAD artery of rats was occluded to establish the model of CHF. Echocardiography, HE and Masson staining were performed to evaluate the pharmacological effect of QWQX І against CHF. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS) untargeted metabolomics was to screen endogenous metabolites in rat plasma and heart and elucidate the mechanism of QWQX І against CHF. Results: In the clinical study, a total of 63 heart failure patients completed the 4-week follow-up, including 32 in the control group and 31 in QWQX І group. After 4 weeks of treatment, LVEF was significantly improved in QWQX І group compared with the control group. In addition, the patients in QWQX І group had better quality of life than the control group. In animal studies, QWQX І significantly improved cardiac function, decreased B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, and inhibited collagen fibril rate. Untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that 23 and 34 differential metabolites were screened in the plasma and heart of chronic heart failure rats, respectively. 17 and 32 differential metabolites appeared in plasma and heart tissue after QWQX І treatment, which were enriched to taurine and hypotaurine metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism and linolenic acid metabolism by KEGG analysis. LysoPC (16:1 (9Z)) is a common differential metabolite in plasma and heart, which is produced by lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), hydrolyzes oxidized linoleic acid to produce pro-inflammatory substances. QWQX І regulates the level of LysoPC (16:1 (9Z)) and Lp-PLA2 to normal.Conclusion: QWQX І combined with western medicine can improve the cardiac function of patients with CHF. QWQX І can effectively improve the cardiac function of LAD-induced CHF rats through regulating glycerophospholipid metabolism and linolenic acid metabolism-mediated inflammatory response. Thus, QWQX I might provide a potential strategy for CHF therapy.
Effects of ionosphere dispersion on wideband GNSS signals
Authors: Zhao Danning , Lei Yu 
Published: February 2023

Wideband GNSS signals suffer signal distortions such as waveform deformations and correlation peak reduction when traverse the ionosphere. Basing on the standard model of the ionosphere, we first demonstrate a modified ionosphere model to capture the ionosphere dispersion effects on wideband signals. We decompose the first-order ionosphere model into Taylor series. By using the first three terms of Taylor series, it is possible to account for all frequency components of wideband signals rather than treating them as single tone. We then make an analysis of the ionosphere dispersion effects on wideband GNSS signal tracking. It is revealed that the ionosphere dispersion degrades correlation peak results and shifts carrier-phase in the phase locked loop (PLL) output but dose not cause an additional delay for code measurements. Furthermore, we carry out a simulation for evaluating the ionosphere dispersion effects on tracking of various new generation wideband GNSS signals such as Galileo E5 AltBOC(15, 10) signals and BDS B3 BOC(15, 2.5) signals during ionosphere quietness and activities. The results show that the wider the bandwidth and the greater the total electron content (TEC) values, the more dramatic the ionosphere effects are. The Galileo E5 AltBOC(15, 10) signals are most affected among various wideband GNSS signals. For AltBOC(15, 10) signal tracking the correlation power loss is around 0.1 dB and the carrier-phase change is about 20° caused by the dispersion in quiet ionosphere case, and increases up to 0.35 dB and 33° during ionosphere activities, respectively.
Cardiorespiratory optimal point as a submaximal evaluation tool in endurance athletes: An exploratory study
Authors: Oyarzo-Aravena Alexis , Arce-Alvarez Alexis , Salazar-Ardiles Camila , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Alvarez Cristian , Toledo Camilo , Izquierdo Mikel , Andrade David C. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The cardiorespiratory optimal point (COP) represents the lowest minute ventilation to oxygen consumption ratio (VE/VO2) and can be estimated during a CPET at submaximal intensity when an exercise test until volitional fatigue is not always advisable (i.e., a conflict zone where you cannot be confident of the security because near-competition, off-season, among other). COP’s physiological components have not been wholly described yet. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the determinants of COP in highly trained athletes and its influence on maximum and sub-maximum variables during CPET through principal c omponent analysis (PCA) (explains the dataset’s variance).Methods: Female (n = 9; age, 17.4 ± 3.1 y; maximal VO2 [VO2max]), 46.2 ± 5.9 mL/kg/min) and male (n = 24; age, 19.7 ± 4.0 y; VO2max, 56.1 ± 7.6 mL/kg/min) athletes performed a CPET to determine the COP, ventilatory threshold 1 (VT1) and 2 (VT2), and VO2max. The PCA was used to determine the relationship between variables and COP, explaining their variance.Results: Our data revealed that females and males displayed different COP values. Indeed, males showed a significant diminished COP compared to the female group (22.6 ± 2.9 vs. 27.2 ±3.4 VE/VO2, respectively); nevertheless, COP was allocated before VT1 in both groups.Discussion: PC analysis revealed that the COP variance was mainly explained (75.6%) by PC1 (expired CO2 at VO2max) and PC2 (VE at VT2), possibly influencing cardiorespiratory efficiency at VO2max and VT2. Our data suggest that COP could be used as a submaximal index to monitor and assess cardiorespiratory system efficiency in endurance athletes. The COP could be particularly useful during the offseason and competitive periods and the return to the sports continuum.
Optimized border irrigation delays winter wheat flag leaf senescence and promotes grain filling
Authors: Yan Feilong , Yu Zhenwen , Shi Yu 
Published: February 2023

Border irrigation is still the main irrigation method in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain of China (HPC), and the suitable irrigation border length for water saving and high yield under traditional irrigation is still unclear. Therefore, a 2-year traditional border irrigation experiment (2017–2019) was conducted on the HPC. Four border lengths were tested: 20 m (L20), 30 m (L30), 40 m (L40), and 50 m (L50). These treatments were given supplementary irrigation at jointing and anthesis. An exclusively rainfed condition formed the control treatment. Compared with other treatments, the activities of superoxide dismutase antioxidant and sucrose phosphate synthetase, and the contents of sucrose and soluble proteins after anthesis were higher in the L40 and L50 treatments, while the content of malondialdehyde content was lower. Therefore, the L40 treatment effectively delayed the decrease in the soil plant analysis development (SPAD) value and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, promoted grain filling, and achieved the highest thousand-grain weight. Compared with the L40 treatment, the grain yields of the L20 and L30 treatment were significantly reduced, while the water productivity of the L50 treatment was significantly reduced. These findings suggest that 40 m was the optimal border length for both high yield and water saving in this experiment. This study provides a simple and low-cost water-saving irrigation method for winter wheat in the HPC under traditional irrigation, which can help alleviate the pressure of agricultural water use.
High temperature inhibited the accumulation of anthocyanin by promoting ABA catabolism in sweet cherry fruits
Authors: Tan Yue , Wen Binbin , Xu Li , Zong Xiaojuan , Sun Yugang , Wei Guoqin , Wei Hairong 
Published: February 2023

Color is an essential appearance characteristic of sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) fruits and mainly determined by anthocyanin. Temperature plays an important role in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation. In this research, anthocyanin, sugar, plant hormone and related gene expression were analyzed using physiological and transcriptomic methods in order to reveal the effects of high temperature on fruit coloring and the related mechanism. The results showed that high temperature severely inhibited anthocyanin accumulation in fruit peel and slowed the coloring process. The total anthocyanin content in fruit peel increased by 455% and 84% after 4 days of normal temperature treatment (NT, 24°C day/14°C night) and high temperature treatment (HT, 34°C day/24°C night), respectively. Similarly, the contents of 8 anthocyanin monomers were significantly higher in NT than in HT. HT also affected the levels of sugars and plant hormones. The total soluble sugar content increased by 29.49% and 16.81% in NT and HT, respectively, after 4 days of treatment. The levels of ABA, IAA and GA20 also increased in both the two treatments but more slowly in HT. Conversely, the contents of cZ, cZR and JA decreased more rapidly in HT than in NT. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the ABA and GA20 contents were significantly correlated with the total anthocyanin contents. Further transcriptome analysis showed that HT inhibited the activation of structural genes in anthocyanin biosynthesis as well as the repression of CYP707A and AOG, which dominated the catabolism and inactivation of ABA. These results indicate that ABA may be a key regulator in the high-temperature-inhibited fruit coloring of sweet cherry. High temperature induces higher ABA catabolism and inactivation, leading to lower ABA levels and finally resulting in slow coloring.
Transformational leadership and flourishing in Portuguese professional firefighters: The moderating role of the frequency of intervention in rural fires
Authors: Maio André , Chambel Maria José , Carmona Laura 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe main objective of this study is to analyze the effect of transformational leadership on firefighters’ well-being and understand the moderating role of the frequency of intervention in rural fires in this relationship.MethodsA total of 90 responses of Portuguese professional firefighters were analyzed in two waves (T1 and T2) separated by a period of 3 weeks during which the frequency of intervention in rural fires were also recorded on a daily basis.ResultsThere is a direct and positive effect, albeit small, of the transformational leadership dimensions on flourishing. Moreover, the frequency of intervention in rural fires amplified the effect of individual consideration on this wellbeing indicator, and it was observed that the more frequent the firefighters intervene in rural fires, the stronger the effect of this leadership dimension on their flourishing.DiscussionThese results contribute to the literature to the extent that they highlight the role of transformational leadership in promoting well-being in high-risk professions, thus supporting the assumptions of the Conservation of Resources Theory (COR). Some practical implications are presented, as well as limitations and suggestions for future studies.
Mental health and social support among Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets
Authors: Nisbet Jolan , Jamshidi Laleh , Andrews Katie L. , Stewart Sherry H. , Shields Robyn E. , Teckchandani Taylor A. , Maguire Kirby Q. , Carleton R. Nicholas 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionCertain populations, such as public safety personnel (PSP), experience frequent exposures to potentially psychologically traumatic events and other occupational stressors, increasing their risk for mental health challenges. Social support has been evidenced as a protective factor for mental health. However, research examining perceived social support and its associations with symptoms related to mental disorders among PSP recruits is limited.MethodsRCMP cadets (n = 765, 72% male) completed self-report surveys assessing: sociodemographic information, social support, and symptoms related to posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and alcohol use disorder.ResultsThe results indicated statistically significant associations between higher social support and decreased odds of positive screens for generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder (i.e., significant Adjusted Odds Ratios = 0.90 to 0.95).DiscussionCadets’ perceived levels of social support are comparable to the Canadian general population and higher than serving RCMP. Social support appears to offer a protective element against anxiety-related disorders among participating cadets. Reductions in perceived levels of social support may be a function of RCMP service. Factors contributing to decreased levels of perceived social support should be considered.
Development and testing of a multi-lingual Natural Language Processing-based deep learning system in 10 languages for COVID-19 pandemic crisis: A multi-center study
Authors: Yang Lily Wei Yun , Ng Wei Yan , Lei Xiaofeng , Tan Shaun Chern Yuan , Wang Zhaoran , Yan Ming , Pargi Mohan Kashyap , Zhang Xiaoman , Lim Jane Sujuan , Gunasekeran Dinesh Visva , Tan Franklin Chee Ping , Lee Chen Ee , Yeo Khung Keong , Tan Hiang Khoon , Ho Henry Sun Sien , Tan Benedict Wee Bor , Wong Tien Yin , Kwek Kenneth Yung Chiang , Goh Rick Siow Mong , Liu Yong , Ting Daniel Shu Wei 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has drastically disrupted global healthcare systems. With the higher demand for healthcare and misinformation related to COVID-19, there is a need to explore alternative models to improve communication. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) have emerged as promising solutions to improve healthcare delivery. Chatbots could fill a pivotal role in the dissemination and easy accessibility of accurate information in a pandemic. In this study, we developed a multi-lingual NLP-based AI chatbot, DR-COVID, which responds accurately to open-ended, COVID-19 related questions. This was used to facilitate pandemic education and healthcare delivery.MethodsFirst, we developed DR-COVID with an ensemble NLP model on the Telegram platform (https://t.me/drcovid_nlp_chatbot). Second, we evaluated various performance metrics. Third, we evaluated multi-lingual text-to-text translation to Chinese, Malay, Tamil, Filipino, Thai, Japanese, French, Spanish, and Portuguese. We utilized 2,728 training questions and 821 test questions in English. Primary outcome measurements were (A) overall and top 3 accuracies; (B) Area Under the Curve (AUC), precision, recall, and F1 score. Overall accuracy referred to a correct response for the top answer, whereas top 3 accuracy referred to an appropriate response for any one answer amongst the top 3 answers. AUC and its relevant matrices were obtained from the Receiver Operation Characteristics (ROC) curve. Secondary outcomes were (A) multi-lingual accuracy; (B) comparison to enterprise-grade chatbot systems. The sharing of training and testing datasets on an open-source platform will also contribute to existing data.ResultsOur NLP model, utilizing the ensemble architecture, achieved overall and top 3 accuracies of 0.838 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.826–0.851] and 0.922 [95% CI: 0.913–0.932] respectively. For overall and top 3 results, AUC scores of 0.917 [95% CI: 0.911–0.925] and 0.960 [95% CI: 0.955–0.964] were achieved respectively. We achieved multi-linguicism with nine non-English languages, with Portuguese performing the best overall at 0.900. Lastly, DR-COVID generated answers more accurately and quickly than other chatbots, within 1.12–2.15 s across three devices tested.ConclusionDR-COVID is a clinically effective NLP-based conversational AI chatbot, and a promising solution for healthcare delivery in the pandemic era.
Treatment with Soteria-elements in acute psychiatry—Effectiveness for acutely ill and voluntarily treated patients
Authors: Fabel Philine , Wolf Theresa , Zyber Helena , Rubel Julian , Jockers-Scherübl Maria C. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis article aims at evaluating the treatment outcomes of acute psychiatric patients before and after the implementation of Soteria-elements in an acute psychiatric ward. The implementation process resulted in an interconnected small locked and much larger open area, enabling continuous milieu therapeutic treatment by the same staff in both areas. This approach enabled the comparison of structural and conceptual reconstruction regarding treatment outcomes of all voluntarily treated acutely ill patients before (2016) and after (2019). A subgroup analysis focused on patients suffering from schizophrenia.MethodsUsing a pre-post design, the following parameters were examined: total treatment time, time in locked ward, time in open ward, antipsychotic discharge medication, re-admissions, discharge circumstances, and treatment continuation in day care clinic.ResultsCompared to 2016, there was no significant difference in the total time of stay in the hospital. However, data show a significant decrease of days spent in locked ward, a significant increase of days in open ward, a significant increase of treatment discontinuation but without an increase of re-admissions, and a significant interaction of diagnosis and year regarding the medication dosage, resulting altogether in a reduction of antipsychotic medication for patients suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorder.ConclusionThe implementation of Soteria-elements in an acute ward facilitates less potentially harmful treatments of psychotic patients, likewise enabling lower dosages of medication.
Development of a tailored intervention targeting sedentary behavior and physical activity in people with stroke and diabetes: A qualitative study using a co-creation framework
Authors: Bodilsen Stefan Sjørslev , Aadahl Mette , Wienecke Troels , Thomsen Trine Hørmann 
Published: February 2023

PurposeType 2 diabetes and sedentary behavior pose serious health risks in stroke survivors. Using a co-creation framework, this study aimed to develop an intervention in collaboration with stroke survivors with type 2 diabetes, relatives, and cross-sectoral health care professionals to reduce sedentary behavior and increase physical activity.Materials and methodsThis qualitative explorative study used a co-creation framework consisting of a workshop and focus group interviews with stroke survivors with type 2 diabetes (n = 3), relative (n = 1), and health care professionals (n = 10) to develop the intervention. A content analysis was used to analyze data.ResultsThe developed “Everyday Life is Rehabilitation” (ELiR) intervention consisted of a tailored 12-week home-based behavior change intervention with two consultations of action planning, goal setting, motivational interviewing, and fatigue management including education on sedentary behavior, physical activity, and fatigue. The intervention has a minimalistic setup using a double-page paper “Everyday Life is Rehabilitation” (ELiR) instrument making it implementable and tangible.ConclusionsIn this study, a theoretical framework was used to develop a tailored 12-week home-based behavior change intervention. Strategies to reduce sedentary behavior and increase physical activity through activities of daily living along with fatigue management in stroke survivors with type 2 diabetes were identified.