bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On photons and matter inversion spheres from complex super-spinars accretion structures
Authors: Pugliese D. , Stuchlík Z. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOur analysis focus on the dragging effects on the accretion flows and jet emission in Kerr super-spinars. These attractors are characterized by peculiar accretion structures as double tori, or special dragged tori in the ergoregion, produced by the balance of the hydrodynamic and centrifugal forces and also effects of super-spinars repulsive gravity. We investigate the accretion flows, constituted by particles and photons, from toroids orbiting a central Kerr super-spinar. As results of our analysis, in both accretion and jet flows, properties characterizing these geometries, that constitute possible strong observational signatures or these attractors, are highlighted. We found that the flow is characterized by closed surfaces, defining inversion coronas (spherical shell), with null the particles flow toroidal velocity ($$u^{\phi }=0$$

u
ϕ

=
0

) embedding the central singularity. We proved that this region distinguishes proto-jets and accretion driven flows, co-rotating and counter-rotating flows. Therefore in both cases the flow carries information about the accretion structures around the central attractor, demonstrating that inversion points can constitute an observational aspect capable of distinguishing the super-spinars.
The use of a multi-sensor core scanner workflow as the backbone of a digital core repository
Authors: Shreeve James William 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A core repository is a physical record of a country's or commercial organization's subsurface wealth. Some of the largest core repositories hold thousands of kilometres of core material and it is a challenge to turn this physical archive into an accessible digital resource for all. Non-destructive multi-sensor core logger, hyperspectral and X-ray imaging techniques offer a unique chance to rescue valuable data trapped within core samples, improving the way that a core repository delivers data to academic or industrial end users. Here we present a case study of an archived petroleum core acquired in 1985 at the Osprey Field, UK Continental Shelf. Data from the UK National Data Repository are augmented by a multi-sensor core logger, hyperspectral and X-ray dataset that is uploaded into a cloud-based digital repository. The data were analysed using a multi-variant analysis to reclassify the original lithological interpretations, uncovering a greater proportion of clay and cemented horizons than was previously interpreted. A workflow is established to optimize the use of legacy cores and exploit the abundance of data trapped within the core repository using continuous multi-sensor core scanning and imaging data, which are stored within the virtual environment for visualization and access to all.
The Forgotten Legacy of Schön: From Materials to “Mediums” in the Design Activity
Authors: Gentes Annie , Marcocchia Giulia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article elaborates on Schön's model of design to address the material part of the “design conversation.” Bringing in media and mediality studies, our research aims to support a broader understanding of the production of meanings and forms by addressing the difference between materials and mediums. While Schön used both concepts, we show that Dewey's influence on Schön can explain why speaking of mediums as a “system of formation” can better describe the multilayered semiotic working of the material conversation either foregrounding the support and allowing for a bodily experience or foregrounding the message and supporting an interpreting experience.
Revisiting the Experience Machine: A Philosophical Note on the Limits of Experience Design
Authors: Christensen Bo A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study explores the notion of experience, as used in “experience design,” based on American philosopher Robert Nozick's idea of an experience machine and Marc Hassenzahl's notion of experience design. Hassenzahl epitomizes experience as pleasure or fulfillment of needs—an idea that Nozick challenges as he claims that the world people engage with matters in a way that is not reducible to pleasure alone. Nozick's observation, I argue, indicates a sense of care in the broader concept of experience design. I explore this sense of care using John Haugeland's conception of existential commitment, which then necessitates a deepening of the notion of Hassenzahl's experience by connecting it with a sense of commitment and responsibility. This connection makes experience design, then, a concern and care for the normative powers of design.
Industrial Designers in UX Practice: Motivations, Professionalization, and the Construction of Designer Identity
Authors: Süner-Pla-Cerdà Sedef , Töre-Yargin Gülşen , Günay Asli 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Our article discusses the insights from original research conducted with design practitioners to better understand the experiences of industrial design graduates as they are adopting new professional roles in user experience (UX) affiliated positions. We utilize narrative identity work as the theoretical frame to interpret the legitimation strategies of industrial designers while grounding their motivations, perceived competence, and fitness to a UX position. Such narratives support our arguments on the conscious efforts of designers toward the construction of a professional designer identity, which is stimulated by this role change.
Let's Argue! Designing Satire in Digital Games
Authors: Conway Steven , Britton Shaun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article presents an overview of the design of our digital game, Let's Argue. The project is an immanent critique of digital media, particularly the conventions of social and game applications as affording productive discourse between people, groups, and organizations. Focusing upon the concept of dialogue and its importance to society, we employ satire as a style, lampooning “social games” such as FarmVille and Candy Crush Saga. In aping, disrupting, and toying with these applications’ representational and ludic facets, we provoke our users into considering how the medium, far from being neutral, shapes behavior and motivation.
Learning from “The Sounding Object”: Sound Design in the Critical Reimagining of Museum Object Narratives
Authors: Candela Emily , de Visscher Eric 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on an expanded critical sound design practice drawing on the qualities of sound associated with embodiment, vocality, and memory. We argue for sound design as a critical tool in communicating design histories in museums, highlighting the case of a research-based pedagogical project between the Royal College of Art and the Victoria & Albert Museum, “The Sounding Object,” which united sound design, history, and critical museology. The project reveals links between sound design practice, history writing, and critical curatorship, demonstrating how sound enhances museums’ capacity to embrace the contingency of history, communicate in inclusive ways, and truly become “polyphonic.”
Hypervernacular Design: Rethinking the Vernacular Design Paradigm
Authors: Kosten Niek , Huybrechts Liesbeth 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Contemporary design discourse needs words to discuss its role in everyday life. Therefore, this article rethinks the meaning and value of the term “vernacular design” in contemporary society, with a focus on vernacular graphic design. We argue that the domain needs an interpretation that is more attuned to novel approaches around hybridity and plurality in design. We frame this development from a theoretical perspective by introducing the concept of hypervernacular as a relational and plural approach. We ground our conceptual argument through a case study description that explores the everyday, ubiquitous, and more-than-human position of the plant species Japanese knotweed through collaboration.
Comparative analysis of the organelle genomes of three Rhodiola species provide insights into their structural dynamics and sequence divergences
Authors: Yu Xiaolei , Wei Pei , Chen Zhuyifu , Li Xinzhong , Zhang Wencai , Yang Yujiao , Liu Chenlai , Zhao Shuqi , Li Xiaoyan , Liu Xing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Plant organelle genomes are a valuable resource for evolutionary biology research, yet their genome architectures, evolutionary patterns and environmental adaptations are poorly understood in many lineages. Rhodiola species is a type of flora mainly distributed in highland habitats, with high medicinal value. Here, we assembled the organelle genomes of three Rhodiola species (R. wallichiana, R. crenulata and R. sacra) collected from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau (QTP), and compared their genome structure, gene content, structural rearrangements, sequence transfer and sequence evolution rates.

Results
The results demonstrated the contrasting evolutionary pattern between plastomes and mitogenomes in three Rhodiola species, with the former possessing more conserved genome structure but faster evolutionary rates of sequence, while the latter exhibiting structural diversity but slower rates of sequence evolution. Some lineage-specific features were observed in Rhodiola mitogenomes, including chromosome fission, gene loss and structural rearrangement. Repeat element analysis shows that the repeats occurring between the two chromosomes may mediate the formation of multichromosomal structure in the mitogenomes of Rhodiola, and this multichromosomal structure may have recently formed. The identification of homologous sequences between plastomes and mitogenomes reveals several unidirectional protein-coding gene transfer events from chloroplasts to mitochondria. Moreover, we found that their organelle genomes contained multiple fragments of nuclear transposable elements (TEs) and exhibited different preferences for TEs insertion type. Genome-wide scans of positive selection identified one gene matR from the mitogenome. Since the matR is crucial for plant growth and development, as well as for respiration and stress responses, our findings suggest that matR may participate in the adaptive response of Rhodiola species to environmental stress of QTP.

Conclusion
The study analyzed the organelle genomes of three Rhodiola species and demonstrated the contrasting evolutionary pattern between plastomes and mitogenomes. Signals of positive selection were detected in the matR gene of Rhodiola mitogenomes, suggesting the potential role of this gene in Rhodiola adaptation to QTP. Together, the study is expected to enrich the genomic resources and provide valuable insights into the structural dynamics and sequence divergences of Rhodiola species.
Creativity across the lifespan: changes with age and with dementia
Authors: Ross Sabrina D. , Lachmann Thomas , Jaarsveld Saskia , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Rodriguez Francisca S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
It is well known that older age is associated with losses in cognitive functioning. Less is known about the extent to which creativity is changing with age or dementia. Aim of the current study was to gain more insights into psychometric aspects of creativity in younger and older people as well as people with dementia.

Method
Our sample comprised three groups, (1) participants between age 18—30 years (n = 24), (2) participants 65 + years without cognitive impairment (n = 24), and (3) participants 65 + years with cognitive impairment / dementia (n = 23). Cognitive abilities were assessed via the Standard Progressive Matrices Test (SPM), Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCa), and Trail Making Test (TMT). Creativity was assessed via the Creative Reasoning Task (CRT), Test of Creative Thinking-Drawing Production (TCT-DP), and Alternate Uses Task (AUT).

Results
Compared to younger people, older people scored significantly lower in only two out of eleven creativity sub-scores (one in the CRT and one in the TCT-DP). Performance in the SPM was significantly associated with these two sub-scores and age. Cognitively impaired older people had significantly lower scores in the creativity task AUT compared to cognitively healthy older people and younger people. The associations between MoCa and AUT scores were also significant.

Conclusion
Creativity appears relatively stable in older age, with exception of those creativity skills that are affected by abstract reasoning (SPM), which appear susceptible to aging. As our findings suggest, cognitive impairment in older age might impair only some aspects of creativity with other creativity aspects being comparable to cognitively healthy people. The age-related and the cognitive status-related effects seem to be independent. The preserved creative abilities can be used in dementia care programs.
Tile-based microscopic image processing for malaria screening using a deep learning approach
Authors: Shewajo Fetulhak Abdurahman , Fante Kinde Anlay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Manual microscopic examination remains the golden standard for malaria diagnosis. But it is laborious, and pathologists with experience are needed for accurate diagnosis. The need for computer-aided diagnosis methods is driven by the enormous workload and difficulties associated with manual microscopy based examination. While the importance of computer-aided diagnosis is increasing at an enormous pace, fostered by the advancement of deep learning algorithms, there are still challenges in detecting small objects such as malaria parasites in microscopic images of blood films. The state-of-the-art (SOTA) deep learning-based object detection models are inefficient in detecting small objects accurately because they are underrepresented on benchmark datasets. The performance of these models is affected by the loss of detailed spatial information due to in-network feature map downscaling. This is due to the fact that the SOTA models cannot directly process high-resolution images due to their low-resolution network input layer.

Methods
In this study, an efficient and robust tile-based image processing method is proposed to enhance the performance of malaria parasites detection SOTA models. Three variants of YOLOV4-based object detectors are adopted considering their detection accuracy and speed. These models were trained using tiles generated from 1780 high-resolution P. falciparum-infected thick smear microscopic images. The tiling of high-resolution images improves the performance of the object detection models. The detection accuracy and the generalization capability of these models have been evaluated using three datasets acquired from different regions.

Results
The best-performing model using the proposed tile-based approach outperforms the baseline method significantly (Recall, [95.3%] vs [57%] and Average Precision, [87.1%] vs [76%]). Furthermore, the proposed method has outperformed the existing approaches that used different machine learning techniques evaluated on similar datasets.

Conclusions
The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves P. falciparum detection from thick smear microscopic images while maintaining real-time detection speed. Furthermore, the proposed method has the potential to assist and reduce the workload of laboratory technicians in malaria-endemic remote areas of developing countries where there is a critical skill gap and a shortage of experts.
Selection tests and their predictive value in university nursing students’ success in the first year of study
Authors: Bruce Judith , Mabizela Sfiso Emmanuel , Tshabalala Amme Mardulate 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Academic performance factors, such as school-leaving grades and other academic indicators for selection, play a significant role in student success. The study aimed to determine the best predictors of academic success in the first year of study for nursing studies at a South African university using three National Benchmark Test (NBT) domains and four National Senior Certificate (NSC) subjects.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective review of the admission data of first-time students (n = 317), enrolled on the Bachelor of Nursing between 2012 and 2018. Hierarchical regression was used to explore important variables predicting success in the first year of study. Cross tabulations were used to determine the association between progression outcome, proficiency levels of the NBT and school quintiles.

Results
All predicting variables explained 35% of the variance in the first year of the study. The NBT MAT (Mathematics), Academic literacy (AL), and NSC’s Life Sciences were statistically significant predictors for passing the first year. Analysis of progression outcomes by the NBT proficiency levels suggests that most students begin studies with lower entry-level skills than required, which hinders academic progress. No major differences in academic performance were observed for the students who attended different quintiles.

Conclusion
Selection test results predict areas where students are likely to encounter difficulties and inform the interventions needed to achieve academic success. There may be serious implications for students admitted with low entry-level skills in variables predicting academic success and they would need tailored academic interventions to improve their grasp of mathematical and biological concepts and their ability to read, think and reason.
A mixed-reality stimulator for lumbar puncture training: a pilot study
Authors: Huang Xiaojing , Yan Zhaoxia , Gong Chao , Zhou Zheliang , Xu Hua , Qin Chunhui , Wang Zhenwei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The simulation is one of the basic methods of medical education, which is often used for procedural skills training. However, the existing simulator lacks internal anatomical landmarks. The study developed a mixed-reality stimulator and evaluated its usability and feasibility in lumbar puncture training.

Methods
The study recruited 40 subjects, including medical students, residents and faulty with varied levels of experience. Before training, participants completed the questionnaire about the basic information and watched a presentation about mixed reality. After practicing on mixed-reality stimulator, which provided internal anatomical structure, the examination was carried out and the results were documented. At the end of the training, trainees completed a survey of MR technology.

Results
In this study, participants generally believed that the MR technology was very realistic (90%), and that the presentation of internal anatomy could help the operation (95%). Moreover, 72.5% and 75%, respectively, strongly agreed that the MR technology promoted learning and should be used in medical training. After this training, the success rate of puncture and the puncture time were significantly improved in experienced and non-experienced participants.

Conclusion
The existing simulator was easy to be transformed into MR simulator. This study showed the usability and feasibility of MR simulator in lumbar puncture training. As a potentially good tool to simulated medical skills training, next, MR technology would be developed and evaluated in more clinical skills teaching scenarios.
Trans-olecranon fracture posterior dislocation: a novel type of elbow injury
Authors: Tao Fulin , Zhou Dongsheng , Song Wenhao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Based on our experiences, we found that a kind of elbow injury is characterized by an olecranon fracture accompanied by elbow joint posterior dislocation with the proximal radioulnar joint intact. The aim of this study was to better define this kind of severe elbow instability, which has not been previously reported.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed all patients with olecranon fractures who were treated at our institution from January 2013 to April 2021. Data on these patient demographics, injury characteristics, preoperative and postoperative imaging, surgical management, and outcomes were recorded and analyzed. We also made the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria.

Results
A total of 309 patients were diagnosed olecranon fractures in our institution, and ten patients met the inclusion criteria, 9 males and 1 female, with an average age of 40.6 ± 12.7 years (26–68 years). Eight patients (80%) were comminuted, and two were oblique olecranon fracture. Nine patients (90%) suffered coronoid process fractures, eight fractures were type III, and one was type II. Eight patients (80%) suffered radial head fractures, seven fractures were type II, and one was type III. All patients suffered lateral collateral ligament complex injury. All patients underwent surgical management and were followed up on average for 15.8 ± 3.2 months (12–20 months). The motion of the elbow and functional outcome were evaluated with several methods. The mean arc of the elbow movement was 131.6° ± 6.0° (124°–140°), and the mean arc of the forearm rotation was 158.5° ± 17.8° (128°–180°). Nine patients’ functional results according to the Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) were excellent with a mean score of 96.5 ± 5.3 points (85–100 points), and another was good. The mean score according to the Broberg and Morrey functional rating index was 98.8 ± 2.5 points (92–100 points), nine patients were excellent, and another was good. The mean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score was 0.75 ± 1.2 points (0–3.3 points).

Conclusions
Trans-olecranon fracture posterior dislocation is a rare injury and has unique characteristics, and it is a kind of complex elbow instability involving the coronoid process and radial head fractures. After bony structure is restored, the repairment of lateral collateral ligament complex is also important to the stability of the elbow joint. Correct understanding of this kind of injury and reasonable treatment plan can achieve good function.
Aspirin prevents estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and promoting osteogenesis
Authors: Chang Yongyun , Kong Keyu , Tong Zhicheng , Qiao Hua , Hu Yi , Xia Runzhi , Zhang Jingwei , Zhai Zanjing , Li Huiwu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Aspirin is a commonly used antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory drug. Numerous researches have demonstrated that aspirin exerts multiple biological effects on bone metabolism. However, its spatiotemporal roles remain controversial according to the specific therapeutic doses used for different clinical conditions, and the detailed mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Hence, in the present study, we aimed to identify the dual effects of different aspirin dosages on osteoclastic activity and osteoblastic bone formation in vitro and in vivo.

Methods
The effects of varying doses of aspirin on osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation were evaluated in vitro. The underlying molecular mechanisms were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence techniques. An ovariectomized rat osteoporosis model was used to assess the bone-protective effects of aspirin in vivo.

Results
Aspirin dose-dependently suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclasts differentiation and bone resorption in vitro and reduced the expression of osteoclastic marker genes, including TRAP, cathepsin K, and CTR. Further molecular analysis revealed that aspirin impaired the RANKL-induced NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways and prevented the nuclear translocation of the NF-κB p65 subunit. Low-dose aspirin promoted osteogenic differentiation, whereas these effects were attenuated when high-dose aspirin was administered. Both low and high doses of aspirin prevented bone loss in an ovariectomized rat osteoporosis model in vivo.

Conclusion
Aspirin inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and promotes osteogenesis in a dual regulatory manner, thus preventing bone loss in vivo. These data indicate that aspirin has potential applications in the prevention and treatment of osteopenia.