bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New molecular targets in canine hemangiosarcoma—Comparative review and future of the precision medicine
Authors: Kapturska Karolina Małgorzata , Pawlak Aleksandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHuman angiosarcoma and canine hemangiosarcoma reveal similarities not only in their aggressive clinical behaviour, but especially in molecular landscape and genetic alterations involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis formation. Currently, no satisfying treatment that allows for achieving long overall survival or even prolonged time to progression does not exist. Due to the progress that has been made in targeted therapies and precision medicine the basis for a new treatment design is to uncover mutations and their functions as possible targets to provide tailored drugs for individual cases. Whole exome or genome sequencing studies and immunohistochemistry brought in the last few years important discoveries and identified the most common mutations with probably crucial role in this tumour development. Also, despite a lack of mutation in some of the culprit genes, the cancerogenesis cause may be buried in main cellular pathways connected with proteins encoded by those genes and involving, for example, pathological angiogenesis. The aim of this review is to highlight the most promising molecular targets for precision oncology treatment from the veterinary perspective aided by the principles of comparative science. Some of the drugs are only undergoing laboratory in vitro studies and others entered the clinic in the management of other cancer types in humans, but those used in dogs with promising responses have been mentioned as priorities.
Attenuated pulsatile transition to the cerebral vasculature during high‐intensity interval exercise in young healthy men
Authors: Sugawara Jun , Hashimoto Takeshi , Tsukamoto Hayato , Secher Niels H. , Ogoh Shigehiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh‐intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is recommended because it provides favourable haemodynamic stimulation, but excessive haemodynamic fluctuations may be an adverse impact on the brain. We tested whether the cerebral vasculature is protected against systemic blood flow fluctuation during HIIE. Fourteen healthy men (age 24 ± 2 years) underwent four 4‐min exercises at 80–90% of maximal workload (Wmax) interspaced by 3‐min active rest at 50–60% Wmax. Transcranial Doppler measured middle cerebral artery blood velocity (CBV). Systemic haemodynamics (Modelflow) and aortic pressure (AoP, general transfer function) were estimated from an invasively recorded brachial arterial pressure waveform. Using transfer function analysis, gain and phase between AoP and CBV (0.39–10.0 Hz) were calculated. Stroke volume, aortic pulse pressure and pulsatile CBV increased during exercise (time effect: P < 0.0001 for all), but a time‐domain index of aortic–cerebral pulsatile transition (pulsatile CBV/pulsatile AoP) decreased throughout the exercise bouts (time effect: P < 0.0001). Furthermore, transfer function gain reduced, and phase increased throughout the exercise bouts (time effect: P < 0.0001 for both), suggesting the attenuation and delay of pulsatile transition. The cerebral vascular conductance index (mean CBV/mean arterial pressure; time effect: P = 0.296), an inverse index of cerebral vascular tone, did not change even though systemic vascular conductance increased during exercise (time effect: P < 0.0001). The arterial system to the cerebral vasculature may attenuate pulsatile transition during HIIE as a defence mechanism against pulsatile fluctuation for the cerebral vasculature.
Maximal Strength Training as a Pathway to Positive Body Image: A Qualitative Exploration of the Experiences of Female Powerlifters
Authors: Kelly Erin L. , Minehan Michelle , Pumpa Kate 
Published: June 2023

This study considers the potential relationship between maximal strength training and positive body image by exploring the lived experiences of female powerlifters. Semistructured interviews were conducted with eight female powerlifters from Australia, and data were analyzed thematically. The study identified five themes related to positive body image and participation in maximal strength training: (a) appreciation of the functionality of the body, (b) embodiment, (c) rejection of societal body ideals and self-objectification, (d) self-compassion and body image flexibility, and (e) being surrounded by a body-positive community. These findings are consistent with existing literature on positive body image and participation in activities that promote embodiment. There is value in further investigation of maximal strength training as an intervention to develop positive body image in women.
Capturing conformational transitions of full-length PDK1 that dictate kinase substrate selectivity
Authors: Martínez-Arenas Laura , Bayascas Jose R. 
Published: June 2023

PDK1 is a constitutively active master kinase that can phosphorylate and activate as many as 24 enzymes, all belonging to the AGC family of serine-threonine protein kinases. In this issue of
Science Signaling
, Sacerdoti
et al
. uncover how allosteric communication between different functional domains directs the selectivity of PDK1 toward particular subsets of substrates.
Naturally occurring beneficial bacteria
Vibrio alginolyticus
X-2 protects seaweed from bleaching disease
Authors: Ma Mingyu , Zhuang Yingrui , Chang Lirong , Xiao Luyang , Lin Qin , Qiu Qiying , Chen Defu , Egan Suhelen , Wang Gaoge 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Microbiome manipulation is gaining fresh attention as a way to mitigate diseases in aquaculture. The commercially farmed seaweed
Saccharina japonica
suffers from a bacterial-induced bleaching disease, which has major implications for the reliable supply of healthy sporelings. Here, we identify a beneficial bacterium,
Vibrio alginolyticus
X-2 that significantly reduces the risk of bleaching disease. By combining infection assays and multi-omic analyses, we provide evidence to suggest that the underlying protective mechanisms of
V. alginolyticus
X-2 involve maintaining epibacterial communities, increasing the gene expression of
S. japonica
related to immune and stress protection pathways, and stimulating betaine concentrations in
S. japonica
holobionts. Thus,
V. alginolyticus
X-2 can elicit a suite of microbial and host responses to mitigate the bleaching disease. Our study provides insights into disease control in farmed
S. japonica
through the application of beneficial bacteria.

IMPORTANCE
Beneficial bacteria can elicit a suite of microbial and host responses to enhance the resistance to bleaching disease.
Breast cancer mortality in 500 000 women with early invasive breast cancer diagnosed in England, 1993-2015: population based observational cohort study
Authors: Taylor Carolyn , McGale Paul , Probert Jake , Broggio John , Charman Jackie , Darby Sarah C , Kerr Amanda J , Whelan Timothy , Cutter David J , Mannu Gurdeep , Dodwell David 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To describe long term breast cancer mortality among women with a diagnosis of breast cancer in the past and estimate absolute breast cancer mortality risks for groups of patients with a recent diagnosis.

Design
Population based observational cohort study.

Setting
Routinely collected data from the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service.

Participants
All 512 447 women registered with early invasive breast cancer (involving only breast and possibly axillary nodes) in England during January 1993 to December 2015, with follow-up to December 2020.

Main outcome measures
Annual breast cancer mortality rates and cumulative risks by time since diagnosis, calendar period of diagnosis, and nine characteristics of patients and tumours.

Results
For women with a diagnosis made within each of the calendar periods 1993-99, 2000-04, 2005-09, and 2010-15, the crude annual breast cancer mortality rate was highest during the five years after diagnosis and then declined. For any given time since diagnosis, crude annual breast cancer mortality rates and risks decreased with increasing calendar period. Crude five year breast cancer mortality risk was 14.4% (95% confidence interval 14.2% to 14.6%) for women with a diagnosis made during 1993-99 and 4.9% (4.8% to 5.0%) for women with a diagnosis made during 2010-15. Adjusted annual breast cancer mortality rates also decreased with increasing calendar period in nearly every patient group, by a factor of about three in oestrogen receptor positive disease and about two in oestrogen receptor negative disease. Considering just the women with a diagnosis made during 2010-15, cumulative five year breast cancer mortality risk varied substantially between women with different characteristics: it was <3% for 62.8% (96 085/153 006) of women but ≥20% for 4.6% (6962/153 006) of women.

Conclusions
These five year breast cancer mortality risks for patients with a recent diagnosis may be used to estimate breast cancer mortality risks for patients today. The prognosis for women with early invasive breast cancer has improved substantially since the 1990s. Most can expect to become long term cancer survivors, although for a few the risk remains appreciable.
Combination immunochemotherapy for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Qiudong , Huang Shuang , Yang Kai 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination immunochemotherapy regimens for the treatment of recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC).DesignMeta-analysis and systematic review.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane library and the Clinicaltrials.gov clinical trials registry were searched up to 14 March 2022.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included randomised controlled trials that compared combination immunochemotherapy with conventional chemotherapy for R/M HNSCC. Primary outcomes of interest were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and adverse effects (AEs).Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. The HR and its 95% CI were used as the effect analysis statistic for survival analysis, while the OR and its 95% CI were used as the effect analysis statistic for dichotomous variables. These statistics were extracted by the reviewers and aggregated using a fixed-effects model to synthesise the data.ResultsA total of 1214 relevant papers were obtained after the initial search, and five papers that met the inclusion criteria were included; these studies included a total of 1856 patients with R/M HNSCC. Meta-analysis showed that the OS and PFS of patients with R/M HNSCC in the combination immunochemotherapy group were significantly longer than those in the conventional chemotherapy group (HR=0.84; 95% CI 0.76, 0.94; p=0.002; HR=0.67; 95% CI 0.61, 0.75; p<0.0001), and the ORR was significantly higher (OR=1.90; 95% CI 1.54, 2.34; p<0.00001). The analysis of AEs showed that there was no significant difference in the overall incidence rate of AEs between two groups (OR=0.80; 95% CI 0.18, 3.58; p=0.77), but the rate of grade III and IV AEs was significantly higher in patients in the combination immunochemotherapy group (OR=1.39; 95% CI 1.12, 1.73; p=0.003).ConclusionsCombination immunochemotherapy prolonged OS and PFS in patients with R/M HNSCC and improved the ORR; while this approach did not increase the overall incidence of AEs in patients, it increased the rate of grade III and IV AEs.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022344166.
What follow-up interventions, programmes and pathways exist for minor stroke survivors after discharge from the acute setting? A scoping review
Authors: Crow Jennifer , Savage Matthew , Gardner Lisa , Hughes Catherine , Corbett Ceile , Wells Mary , Malhotra Paresh 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo identify the breadth and range of follow-up interventions currently provided to people after minor stroke with a focus on the definitions used for minor stroke, intervention components, intervention theory and outcomes used. These findings will inform the development and feasibility testing of a pathway of care.DesignScoping review.Search strategyThe final search was run in January 2022. Five databases were searched—EMBASE, MEDLINE, CINAHL, British Nursing Index and PsycINFO. Grey literature was also searched. Title and abstract screening and full-text reviews were conducted by two researchers and a third was involved when differences of opinion existed. A bespoke data extraction template was created, refined and then completed. The Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist was used to describe interventions.ResultsTwenty-five studies, using a range of research methodologies were included in the review. A range of definitions were used for minor stroke. Interventions focused largely on secondary prevention and management of increased risk of further stroke. Fewer focused on the management of hidden impairments experienced after minor stroke. Limited family involvement was reported and collaboration between secondary and primary care was seldom described. The intervention components, content, duration and delivery were varied as were the outcome measures used.ConclusionThere is an increasing volume of research exploring how best to provide follow-up care to people after minor stroke. Personalised, holistic and theory-informed interdisciplinary follow-up is needed that balances education and support needs with adjustment to life after stroke.
Hepatitis C: recent advances and practical management
Authors: O' Kane Rebecca , Hathorn Emma 
Published: June 2023

Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV) remain leading causes of disability and premature death worldwide. In May 2016, the UK, as a member of the World Health Assembly, adopted the Global Health Sector Strategy and its targets to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by 2030. In pursuit of this goal, there have been a number of recent advances in viral hepatitis care. Perhaps most notable is the availability of short courses of all-oral curative direct acting antivirals for hepatitis C. However, while access to treatment has been scaled up across the UK, an estimated 93 000 people were still living with HCV at the end of 2021 of which three-quarters remained unaware of their infection.This review article will summarise key advances in hepatitis C treatment and prevention and provide a practical approach to the management of individuals living with hepatitis C infection.
Wormhole formation in massive gravity: an analytic description
Authors: Dutta Ayanendu , Roy Dhritimalya , Pullisseri Nihal Jalal , Chakraborty Subenoy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study analyses the wormhole solution both in the dRGT-f(R, T) massive gravity and Einstein massive gravity. In both the models, the anisotropic pressure solution in ultrastatic wormhole geometry gives rise to the shape function that involves massive gravity parameters $$ \gamma $$
γ
and $$ \Lambda $$
Λ
. However, the terms consisting of $$ \gamma $$
γ
and $$ \Lambda $$
Λ
acts in such a way that the spacetime loses asymptotic flatness. Similar to the black hole solution in massive gravity, this inconsistency arises due to the repulsive effect of gravity which can be represented by the photon deflection angle that goes negative after a certain radial distance. It is investigated that the repulsive effect induced in the massive gravitons push the spacetime geometry so strongly that the asymptotic flatness is effected. On the other hand, in this model, one can have a wormhole with ordinary matter at the throat that satisfies all the energy conditions while the negative energy density is sourced by massive gravitons. Finally, using the TOV equation, it is found that the model is stable under the hydrostatic equilibrium condition.
A possible Norian–Rhaetian boundary in the high-latitude continental Junggar Basin indicated by the δ
13
C
org
record
Authors: Fang Yanan , Olsen Paul E. , Zhao Xiangdong , Zheng Daran , Zhang Haichun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

In contrast to the Triassic–Jurassic boundary, there is no consensus on the definition and age of the Norian–Rhaetian boundary (NRB), which hampers the global correlation of Rhaetian strata and thus interpretation of the patterns and driving mechanism of the end-Triassic mass extinction. Recent works show that a significant negative carbon isotope excursion (N-CIE) occurs in the NRB interval (
c.
205.7 Ma), which probably provides a physical marker for the NRB. However, no such records have so far been reported from high-latitude continental deposits. Here we present high-resolution bulk organic carbon isotope data from the Upper Triassic continuous lacustrine-to-fluvial deposits in the Haojiagou section of the high-latitude continental Junggar Basin in northwestern China. A significant N-CIE is shown at an age of
c.
205 Ma, which is most probably the expression of the NRB N-CIE in the Junggar Basin owing to their very close occurrence times. The NRB is thus probably along the N-CIE in the Haojiagou section, and a short Rhaetian stage is then supported. The Late Triassic climate in the high-latitude Junggar Basin was consistent with the global changes in climate, characterized by a long-sustained cooler and humid climate interrupted by the late Norian and latest Rhaetian warm events.
Total Electricity Consumption Forecasting Based on Temperature Composite Index and Mixed-Frequency Models
Authors: Li Xuerong , Shang Wei , Zhang Xun , Shan Baoguo , Wang Xiang 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The total electricity consumption (TEC) can accurately reflect the operation of the national economy, and the forecasting of the TEC can help predict the economic development trend, as well as provide insights for the formulation of macro policies. Nowadays, high-frequency and massive multi-source data provide a new way to predict the TEC. In this paper, a “seasonal-cumulative temperature index” is constructed based on high-frequency temperature data, and a mixed-frequency prediction model based on multi-source big data (Mixed Data Sampling with Monthly Temperature and Daily Temperature index, MIDAS-MT-DT) is proposed. Experimental results show that the MIDAS-MT-DT model achieves higher prediction accuracy, and the “seasonal-cumulative temperature index” can improve prediction accuracy.
Predicting an Optimal Virtual Data Model for Uniform Access to Large Heterogeneous Data
Authors: Belmehdi Chahrazed B. Bachir , Khiat Abderrahmane , Keskes Nabil 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The growth of generated data in the industry requires new efficient big data integration approaches for uniform data access by end-users to perform better business operations. Data virtualization systems, including Ontology-Based Data Access (ODBA) query data on-the-fly against the original data sources without any prior data materialization. Existing approaches by design use a fixed model e.g., TABULAR as the only Virtual Data Model — a uniform schema built on-the-fly to load, transform, and join relevant data. While other data models, such as GRAPH or DOCUMENT, are more flexible and, thus, can be more suitable for some common types of queries, such as join or nested queries. Those queries are hard to predict because they depend on many criteria, such as query plan, data model, data size, and operations. To address the problem of selecting the optimal virtual data model for queries on large datasets, we present a new approach that (1) builds on the principal of OBDA to query and join large heterogeneous data in a distributed manner and (2) calls a deep learning method to predict the optimal virtual data model using features extracted from SPARQL queries. OPTIMA — implementation of our approach currently leverages state-of-the-art Big Data technologies, Apache-Spark and Graphx, and implements two virtual data models, GRAPH and TABULAR, and supports out-of-the-box five data sources models: property graph, document-based, e.g., wide-columnar, relational, and tabular, stored in Neo4j, MongoDB, Cassandra, MySQL, and CSV respectively. Extensive experiments show that our approach is returning the optimal virtual model with an accuracy of 0.831, thus, a reduction in query execution time of over 40% for the tabular model selection and over 30% for the graph model selection.
Atmospheric Moisture Transport Associated with Precipitation in Present and Simulated Future Climates
Authors: Watterson Ian G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Precipitation and the atmospheric moisture budget are analyzed for 40-yr periods of recent and future climate simulated by the 10 CMIP6 models from which the vertically integrated moisture flux data are available. This allows new assessments of this important atmospheric transport, which can typically only be approximated. Seasonal climatological fields are compared with those from the ERA5 reanalysis. Using the four-season average M skill score for the globe, precipitation from the 10 models is similar in skill to that from a further 25 models. The scores for six moisture variables, including flux and its convergence, demonstrate global skill for each model. The 10-model average fields have better skill than any individual model. Changes are calculated for 2040–79 under the SSP5-8.5 forcing scenario. The focus is on the 10-model average scaled as a projection of change for a global warming of 2°C. The changes in precipitation, temperature, and pressure in each season are largely consistent with those from the larger ensemble. The changes in flux, convergence, water column, and winds at three levels are presented. The role of convergence in balancing precipitation changes over many land regions is evident. Flux, convergence, and precipitation are shown in detail for selected cases, including central North America, the South American monsoon, southern Africa in summer, southern South America in winter, Europe in summer, and both polar regions. Typically, flux is enhanced, but the associated convergence may shift. The production of the vertically integrated flux vector as a standard output from climate models is supported.
The QBO–MJO Connection: A Possible Role for the SST and ENSO
Authors: Randall David A. , Tziperman Eli , Branson Mark D. , Richter Jadwiga H. , Kang Wanying 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We examine the hypothesis that the observed connection between the stratospheric quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and the strength of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is modulated by the sea surface temperature (SST)—for example, by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). A composite analysis shows that, globally, La Niña SSTs are remarkably similar to those that occur during the easterly phase of the QBO. A maximum covariance analysis suggests that MJO power and SST are strongly linked on both the ENSO time scale and the QBO time scale. We analyze simulations with a modified configuration of version 2 of the Community Earth System Model, with a high top and fine vertical resolution. The model is able to simulate ENSO, the QBO, and the MJO. The ocean-coupled version of the model simulates the QBO, ENSO, and MJO, but does not simulate the observed QBO–MJO connection. When driven with prescribed observed SST anomalies based on composites for QBO east and QBO west (QBOE and QBOW), however, the same atmospheric model produces a modest enhancement of MJO power during QBOE relative to QBOW, as observed. We explore the possibility that the SST anomalies are forced by the QBO itself. Indeed, composite Hovmöller diagrams based on observations show the propagation of QBO zonal wind anomalies all the way from the upper stratosphere to the surface. Also, subsurface ocean temperature composites reveal a similarity between the western Pacific and Indian Ocean subsurface signal between La Niña and QBOE.