bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physiologic changes in the hepatopulmonary syndrome before and after liver transplant: A longitudinal and predictor analysis
Authors: Zhao Xun , Kotha Sreelakshmi , Nayyar Dhruv , Ma Xiayi , Lilly Leslie , Castel Hélène , Gupta Samir 
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims:
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a common complication of liver disease defined by abnormal oxygenation and intrapulmonary vascular dilatation, treated with liver transplantation. Little is known about changes in HPS physiological parameters over time. We sought to describe baseline clinical and physiological characteristics in HPS and their relationships, temporal changes in physiological parameters before and after transplant, and predictors of changes in oxygenation.

Approach and Results:
This was a retrospective cohort study in the Canadian HPS Program (n = 132). Rates of change after diagnosis were: −3.7 (−6.4, −0.96) mm Hg/year for partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2); −26 (−96, 44) m/year for 6-minute walk distance, and 3.3% (−6.6, −0.011) predicted/year for diffusion capacity. Noninvasive shunt of ≥ 20% predicted a slower PaO2 decline by 0.88 (0.36, 1.4) mm Hg/month. We identified 2 PaO2 deterioration classes—“very severe disease, slow decliners” (PaO2 45.0 mm Hg; −1.0 mm Hg/year); and “moderate disease, steady decliners” (PaO2 65.5 mm Hg; −2.5 mm Hg/year). PaO2 increased by 6.5 (5.3, 7.7) mm Hg/month in the first year after transplant. The median time to normalization was 149 (116, 184) days. Posttransplant improvement in PaO2 was 2.5 (0.1, 4.9) mm Hg/month faster for every 10 mm Hg greater pretransplant orthodeoxia.

Conclusions:
We present a large and long longitudinal data analysis in HPS. In addition to rates of physiological decline and improvement before and after liver transplantation, we present novel predictors of PaO2 decline and improvement rates. Our findings enhance our understanding of the natural history of HPS and provide pathophysiologic clues. Importantly, they may assist providers in prognostication and prioritization before and after transplant.
Botryosphaeria dothidea Mycotic Keratitis: A Novel Phytopathogen Causing Human Infection
Authors: Xie Hua-Tao , Cheng Shi-Ming , Wang Jia-Song , Xiao Yu-Ting , Zhang Ming-Chang 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to report the first case of mycotic keratitis caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea.

Methods:
A 29-year-old man developed a fungal infection after being hit with chestnut thorns in the left eye. In vivo confocal microscopy, microbial culture, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were used in the diagnosis of mycotic keratitis.

Results:
The patient was provisionally diagnosed with mycotic keratitis based on IVCM and promptly received local and systemic antifungal treatment with voriconazole and amphotericin B. Although microbial culture failed to identify the pathogen, NGS revealed B. dothidea as the causative agent. Although the infection was quickly contained, corneal perforation still occurred. Owing to the lack of fresh donor corneas, the patient underwent multilayer amniotic membrane and conjunctival pedicle graft surgery. The infection was successfully controlled, and during the 6-month follow-up, the cornea remained clear in the inferotemporal optical zone.

Conclusions:
We report a novel phytopathogen—B. dothidea—causing mycotic keratitis. Our case indicates that B. dothidea responds well to voriconazole and amphotericin therapy. This case broadens the spectrum of fungal keratitis and highlights the application of NGS in identifying molds.
Case of Progressive Keratoconus With Newly Diagnosed Pellucid Marginal Degeneration After Corneal Cross-Linking
Authors: Wileman Justin M. , Price Marianne O. , Price Francis W. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to document, to our knowledge, the first reported case of keratoconus progression accompanied with newly diagnosed pellucid marginal degeneration after corneal cross-linking (CXL).

Methods:
A novel case of further keratoconus progression plus development of pellucid marginal degeneration in the same eye after CXL was documented with supporting evidence from Scheimpflug and optical coherence tomography imaging.

Results:
A male patient was diagnosed with progressive keratoconus in the left eye and treated with CXL when aged 25 years. Although strongly cautioned not to rub his eyes, he admitted that he continued eye rubbing in association with atopic disease. At a follow-up examination 3.5 years after CXL, progressive keratoconus was detected and pellucid marginal degeneration was newly diagnosed in the left eye. The eye was retreated with CXL.

Conclusions:
This case illustrates that progressive keratoconus and pellucid marginal degeneration can occur in the same eye after CXL and demonstrates the deleterious effects that can develop with continued eye rubbing.
A cognitive–behavioral digital health intervention for sickle cell disease pain in adolescents: a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial
Authors: Palermo Tonya M. , Lalloo Chitra , Zhou Chuan , Dampier Carlton , Zempsky William , Badawy Sherif M. , Bakshi Nitya , Ko Yeon Joo , Nishat Fareha , Stinson Jennifer N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Severe acute and chronic pain are the most common complications of sickle cell disease (SCD). Pain results in disability, psychosocial distress, repeated clinic visits/hospitalizations, and significant healthcare costs. Psychosocial pain interventions that teach cognitive and behavioral strategies for managing pain have been effective in other adolescent populations when delivered in person or through digital technologies. Our aim was to conduct a multisite, randomized, controlled trial to improve pain and coping in youth aged 12 to 18 years with SCD using a digital cognitive–behavioral therapy program (iCanCope with Sickle Cell Disease; iCC-SCD) vs Education control. We enrolled 137 participants (ages 12-18 years, 59% female) and analyzed 111 adolescents (107 caregivers), 54 randomized to Education control and 57 randomized to iCC-SCD. Ninety-two percent of youth completed posttreatment assessments and 88% completed 6-month follow-up. There was a significant effect of treatment group (iCC-SCD vs Education) on reduction in average pain intensity from baseline to 6-month follow-up (b = −1.32, P = 0.009, 95% CI [−2.29, −0.34], d = 0.50), and for the number of days with pain, adolescents in the iCC-SCD group demonstrated fewer pain days compared with the Education group at 6-month follow-up (incident rate ratio = 0.63, P = 0.006, 95% CI [0.30, 0.95], d = 0.53). Treatment effects were also found for coping attempts, momentary mood, and fatigue. Several secondary outcomes did not change with intervention, including anxiety, depression, pain interference, and global impression of change. Future studies are needed to identify effective implementation strategies to bring evidence-based cognitive–behavioral therapy for sickle cell pain to SCD clinics and communities.
Communication and activation in pain to enhance relationships and treat pain with equity (COOPERATE): a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Matthias Marianne S. , Daggy Joanne K. , Perkins Anthony J. , Adams Jasma , Bair Matthew J. , Burgess Diana J. , Eliacin Johanne , Flores Perla , Myers Laura J. , Menen Tetla , Procento Philip , Rand Kevin L. , Salyers Michelle P. , Shanahan Mackenzie L. , Hirsh Adam T. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Racialized disparities in chronic pain care are well-documented and persist despite national priorities focused on health equity. Similar disparities have been observed in patient activation (ie, having the knowledge, confidence, and skills to manage one's health). As such, interventions targeting patient activation represent a novel approach to addressing and reducing disparities in pain care. Communication and Activation in Pain to Enhance Relationships and Treat Pain with Equity is a randomized controlled trial of a 6-session telephone-delivered intervention to increase patient activation for Black patients with chronic pain. Two hundred fifty Black patients from a Midwestern Veterans Affairs medical center were randomized to the intervention or attention control. The primary outcome was patient activation; secondary outcomes included communication self-efficacy, pain, and psychological functioning. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 3 (primary endpoint), 6, and 9 months (sustained effects). Analyses used an intent-to-treat approach. Compared with baseline, patient activation increased 4.6 points at 3 months (versus +0.13 in control group, 95% CI: 0.48, 7.34; P = 0.03). These improvements in the intervention group were sustained, with +7 from baseline at 6 months and +5.77 at 9 months, and remained statistically significant from the control group. Communication self-efficacy increased significantly relative to the control group from baseline to 3 months. Pain intensity and interference improved at 3 months, but differences were not significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons. Most other secondary outcomes improved, but group differences were not statistically significant after controlling for multiple comparisons. Results suggest that increasing patient activation is a potentially fruitful path toward improving pain management and achieving health equity.
Fibroblasts Derived From Vestibular Schwannoma Express Protumorogenic Markers
Authors: Baruah Paramita , Marshall Jennifer , Jones Philip N. , Major Triin , Pucino Valentina , O'Neil John D. , Nefla Meriam , McGettrick Helen , Monksfield Peter , Irving Richard , Buckley Christopher D. 
Published: September 2023

Background and aim
Vestibular schwannomas (VSs), despite being histologically benign, cause significant morbidity because of their challenging intracranial location and the propensity for growth. The role of the stroma and particularly fibroblasts, in the progression of VS, is not completely understood. This study examines the profile of fibroblasts in VS.

Methods
Seventeen patients undergoing surgical excision of VS were recruited into the study. Reverse transcription with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed on VS tissue samples and fibroblast-associated molecules examined. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry in VS tissue were used to study the expression of fibroblast markers CD90 and podoplanin in situ. Fibroblast cultures were established from VS, and RT-qPCR analysis was performed on a panel of fibroblast markers on VS and control tissue fibroblasts.

Results
Several fibroblast-associated molecules including members of galectin family and matrix metalloproteinases were found to be expressed in VS tissue on RT-qPCR analysis. In situ, expression of CD90 and podoplanin was observed in VS tissue both on immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. RT-qPCR analysis of fibroblasts from VS and control vestibular neuroepithelium (NE) showed a higher expression of several molecules of the galectin and matrix metalloproteinases family on VS fibroblasts compared with NE fibroblasts.

Conclusion
This work examines fibroblasts from VS and shows qualitative differences from NE fibroblasts on RT-qPCR. Further understanding of the fibroblast function in the progression of VS will potentially unveil new targets to manage VS growth.
Diagnostic Efficacy of High-Resolution Computed Tomography Densitometry for Diagnosing Otosclerosis
Authors: Puiggrós Ignacio Viza , Moreno Esther Granell , Dotu César Orús , Agustí Miquel Quer i , Díaz Francesc Larrosa 
Published: September 2023

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the reliability of temporal bone density measurements for diagnosing otosclerosis.

Materials and methods
A retrospective case-control study is presented. Bone density was measured in Hounsfield units (HUs) by using high-resolution computed tomography in eight regions of interest (ROI) where otosclerotic foci are usually localized. The density of 113 otosclerotic ears was compared with that of 33 nonotosclerotic ears to determine sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, the binormal receiver operating characteristic curve of each ROI's density was calculated to estimate the diagnostic value for osteosclerosis. In addition, the radiological density of seven cases—where radiological visual examination exhibited no findings but surgery confirmed stapes fixation—was compared with nonotosclerotic controls.

Results
ROI densities were significantly lower in otosclerotic patients compared with nonotosclerotic controls. The area under the curve of the fissula ante fenestram (FAF) presented the highest diagnostic performance: 1,871 HU cut-off value (area under the curve = 0.986), 96.64% sensitivity, and 100% specificity. Significantly lower densities in the FAF area were observed in the seven cases with negative radiology but intraoperatively confirmed otosclerosis.

Conclusion
The high-resolution computed tomography density of the FAF is a reliable measurement for diagnosing otosclerosis. A value less than 1,871 HU exhibited the highest sensitivity and specificity in a European Caucasian population.
Factors Affecting Performance in Adults With Cochlear Implants: A Role for Cognition and Residual Cochlear Function
Authors: Walia Amit , Shew Matthew A. , Lefler Shannon M. , Ortmann Amanda J. , Durakovic Nedim , Wick Cameron C. , Herzog Jacques A. , Buchman Craig A. 
Published: September 2023

Objective
To evaluate the impact of preoperative and perioperative factors on postlinguistic adult cochlear implant (CI) performance and design a multivariate prediction model.

Study Design
Prospective cohort study.

Setting
Tertiary referral center.

Patients and Interventions
Two hundred thirty-nine postlinguistic adult CI recipients.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Speech-perception testing (consonant-nucleus-consonant [CNC], AzBio in noise +10-dB signal-to-noise ratio) at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively; electrocochleography–total response (ECochG-TR) at the round window before electrode insertion.

Results
ECochG-TR strongly correlated with CNC word score at 6 months (r = 0.71, p < 0.0001). A multivariable linear regression model including age, duration of hearing loss, angular insertion depth, and ECochG-TR did not perform significantly better than ECochG-TR alone in explaining the variability in CNC. AzBio in noise at 6 months had moderate linear correlations with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA; r = 0.38, p < 0.0001) and ECochG-TR (r = 0.42, p < 0.0001). ECochG-TR and MoCA and their interaction explained 45.1% of the variability in AzBio in noise scores.

Conclusions
This study uses the most comprehensive data set to date to validate ECochG-TR as a measure of cochlear health as it relates to suitability for CI stimulation, and it further underlies the importance of the cochlear neural substrate as the main driver in speech perception performance. Performance in noise is more complex and requires both good residual cochlear function (ECochG-TR) and cognition (MoCA). Other demographic, audiologic, and surgical variables are poorly correlated with CI performance suggesting that these are poor surrogates for the integrity of the auditory substrate.
Emerging Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of Menière’s Disease: Evidence for the Involvement of Ion Homeostatic or Blood–Labyrinthine Barrier Dysfunction in Human Temporal Bones
Authors: Johns J. Dixon , Olszewski Rafal , Strepay Dillon , Lopez Ivan A. , Ishiyama Akira , Hoa Michael 
Published: September 2023

HypothesisAnalysis of human temporal bone specimens of patients with Menière’s disease (MD) may demonstrate altered expression of gene products related to barrier formation and ionic homeostasis within cochlear structures compared with control specimensBackgroundMD represents a challenging otologic disorder for investigation. Despite attempts to define the pathogenesis of MD, there remain many gaps in our understanding, including differences in protein expression within the inner ear. Understanding these changes may facilitate the identification of more targeted therapies for MD.MethodsHuman temporal bones from patients with MD (n = 8) and age-matched control patients (n = 8) were processed with immunohistochemistry stains to detect known protein expression related to ionic homeostasis and barrier function in the cochlea, including CLDN11, CLU, KCNJ10, and SLC12A2. Immunofluorescence intensity analysis was performed to quantify protein expression in the stria vascularis, organ of Corti, and spiral ganglion neuron (SGN).ResultsExpression of KCNJ10 was significantly reduced in all cochlear regions, including the stria vascularis (9.23 vs 17.52,p= 0.011), OC (14.93 vs 29.16,p= 0.014), and SGN (7.69 vs 18.85,p= 0.0048) in human temporal bone specimens from patients with MD compared with control, respectively. CLDN11 (7.40 vs 10.88,p= 0.049) and CLU (7.80 vs 17.51,p= 0.0051) expression was significantly reduced in the SGN.ConclusionThe results of this study support that there may be differences in the expression of proteins related to ionic homeostasis and barrier function within the cochlea, potentially supporting the role of targeted therapies to treat MD.
Assisted reproductive technology outcomes and management considerations for people with epilepsy
Authors: Lemley Regan J. , Voinescu Paula Emanuela 
Published: September 2023

Purpose of review
Epilepsy is a common neurologic condition amongst people with reproductive capacity, and assisted reproductive technology (ART) is being increasingly utilized. A recent population-based study described favorable outcomes of ART in this population, but other work shows how fluctuating sex hormones may influence medication concentrations and seizures.

Recent findings
This review discusses hormonal influences on epilepsy and catamenial epilepsy, considerations regarding fertility in women with epilepsy, emerging ART outcomes, and management considerations for people with epilepsy undergoing ART.

Summary
Utilizing ART is an effective treatment for people with epilepsy desiring pregnancy, but closer monitoring and antiseizure medication adjustments may be needed to ensure the best outcomes. More research is needed to better guide epilepsy care during ART.
Patient-reported Primary Care Video and Telephone Telemedicine Preference Shifts During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Millman Andrea , Huang Jie , Graetz Ilana , Lee Catherine , Shan Judy , Hsueh Loretta , Muelly Emilie , Gopalan Anjali , Reed Mary 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Patient perceptions of primary care telephone and video telemedicine and whether COVID-19 pandemic-related telemedicine exposure shifted patients’ visit preference is unknown.

Objectives:
We examined patient surveys to understand the health care experience of patients seeking primary care through telemedicine and how patients expected their preferences to shift as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Research Design/Subjects:
In an integrated delivery system that shifted to a “telemedicine-first” health care model during the COVID-19 pandemic, we sampled monthly and collected 1000 surveys from adults with primary care telemedicine visits scheduled through the online patient portal between 3/16/2020 and 10/31/2020.

Measures:
Participants reported their preferred primary care visit modality (telephone, video, or in-person visits) across 3 time points: before, during and (hypothetically) after the COVID-19 pandemic, and reported their general assessment of primary care visits during the pandemic.

Results:
The majority of participants preferred in-person visits before (69%) and after the COVID-19 pandemic (57%). However, most participants reported a preference for telemedicine visits during the pandemic and continue to prefer telemedicine visits at a 12% higher rate post-pandemic. Many participants (63%) expressed interest in using telemedicine at least some of the time. Among participants reporting a recent telemedicine visit, 85% agreed that the visit addressed their health needs.

Conclusion:
As primary care visit modality preferences continue to evolve, patients anticipate that they will continue to prefer telemedicine visits, both video and telephone, at an increased rate than before the COVID-19 pandemic.
An Integrative Review of Response Rates in Nursing Research Utilizing Online Surveys
Authors: L’Ecuyer Kristine M. , Subramaniam Divya S. , Swope Clarissa , Lach Helen W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Online surveys in nursing research have both advantages and disadvantages. Reaching a sample and attaining an appropriate response rate is an ongoing challenge and necessitates careful consideration when designing a nursing research study using an online survey approach.

Objective
In this study, we aimed to explore response rates and survey characteristics of studies by nurse researchers that used online methodologies to survey nurses, nursing students, and nursing faculty.

Methods
We conducted an integrative review of research studies that used online surveys for data collection published from 2011–2021. We examined response rates and survey characteristics such as recruitment method, use of incentives, question type, length of survey, time to complete the survey, and use of reminders.

Results
Our review included 51 studies published by nurses with target samples of nurses, nursing students, or nursing faculty. Study sample sizes ranged from 48–29,283, the number of respondents ranged from 29–3,607, and the response rates ranged from 3.4%–98%, with an average of 42.46%. Few patterns emerged regarding recruitment or other factors to enhance response rates; only five studies used incentives.

Conclusion
Response rates to online surveys are unlikely to reach the rates seen in older mailed surveys. Researchers need to design online survey studies to be easily accessible, concise, and appealing to participants.
Chlamydia trachomatis–Specific Antibody Responses in Women in Cameroon With Secondary Infertility
Authors: D'Amico Madison , Mbah J. Clarisse Engowei , Gupta Kanupriya , Dionne Jodie A. , Akoachere Jane Francis , Nguedia Jules Clement Assob , Van Der Pol Barbara , Geisler William M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The contribution of chlamydia to secondary infertility in women is poorly understood. Among 404 female participants enrolled in a previous study in Cameroon, 142 had secondary infertility (cases) and 262 were pregnant with no history of infertility (controls), Chlamydia trachomatis seropositivity was 92%. Seropositivity did not significantly differ by case/control status.