bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiogenic Microvascular Wall Shear Stress Patterns Revealed Through Three-dimensional Red Blood Cell Resolved Modeling
Authors: Hossain Mir Md Nasim , Hu Nien-Wen , Abdelhamid Maram , Singh Simerpreet , Murfee Walter L , Balogh Peter 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The wall shear stress (WSS) exerted by blood flowing through microvascular capillaries is an established driver of new blood vessel growth, or angiogenesis. Such adaptations are central to many physiological processes in both health and disease, yet three-dimensional (3D) WSS characteristics in real angiogenic microvascular networks are largely unknown. This marks a major knowledge gap because angiogenesis, naturally, is a 3D process. To advance current understanding, we model 3D red blood cells (RBCs) flowing through rat angiogenic microvascular networks using state-of-the-art simulation. The high-resolution fluid dynamics reveal 3D WSS patterns occurring at sub-endothelial cell (EC) scales that derive from distinct angiogenic morphologies, including microvascular loops and vessel tortuosity. We identify the existence of WSS hot and cold spots caused by angiogenic surface shapes and RBCs, and notably enhancement of low WSS regions by RBCs. Spatiotemporal characteristics further reveal how fluctuations follow timescales of RBC “footprints.” Altogether, this work provides a new conceptual framework for understanding how shear stress might regulate EC dynamics in vivo.
Signatures of Extreme Longevity: A Perspective from Bivalve Molecular Evolution
Authors: Iannello Mariangela , Forni Giobbe , Piccinini Giovanni , Xu Ran , Martelossi Jacopo , Ghiselli Fabrizio , Milani Liliana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Among Metazoa, bivalves have the highest lifespan disparity, ranging from 1 to 500+ years, making them an exceptional testing ground to understand mechanisms underlying aging and the evolution of extended longevity. Nevertheless, comparative molecular evolution has been an overlooked approach in this instance. Here, we leveraged transcriptomic resources spanning 30 bivalve species to unravel the signatures of convergent molecular evolution in four long-lived species: Margaritifera margaritifera, Elliptio complanata, Lampsilis siliquoidea, and Arctica islandica (the latter represents the longest-lived noncolonial metazoan known so far). We applied a comprehensive approach—which included inference of convergent dN/dS, convergent positive selection, and convergent amino acid substitution—with a strong focus on the reduction of false positives. Genes with convergent evolution in long-lived bivalves show more physical and functional interactions to each other than expected, suggesting that they are biologically connected; this interaction network is enriched in genes for which a role in longevity has been experimentally supported in other species. This suggests that genes in the network are involved in extended longevity in bivalves and, consequently, that the mechanisms underlying extended longevity are—at least partially—shared across Metazoa. Although we believe that an integration of different genes and pathways is required for the extended longevity phenotype, we highlight the potential central roles of genes involved in cell proliferation control, translational machinery, and response to hypoxia, in lifespan extension.
Performance evaluation of marine and industrial wastes in cement to envelope low carbon environment in manufacturing process
Authors: Ravi Monisha , Murugesan Balasubramanian , Onyelowe Kennedy C 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTThe bonding strength of waste recycled cement mortar in a low carbon brick masonry prism is influenced by this study. The disposal of marine and industrial trash has emerged as a serious environmental and ecological concern across the world against the climate action of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) and COP27. The use of alternative waste materials in the cement industry minimizes the carbon footprint in the manufacture, construction and overall building lifespan and enhances low carbon technology. The bonding 1ehaveior of the 3R hybrid cement (oyster shell, ground granulated blast furnace slag and tyre waste powder) is evaluated in a brick masonry prism. The impact of hybrid mortar bond strength on triplet masonry prism specimens and cement mortar cubes is investigated in this study using first-class bricks and OPC 53 cement with 3R waste materials. In addition, the chemical characteristics, workability, compressive strength, shear, bond, thermal, durable and microstructure studies of traditional and hybrid cement composites were determined. These three waste material compositions in the cement matrix have an influence on the development of alternative waste recycling and reuse materials in industry. Using hybrid cement saves CO2 emissions, low carbon emissions and energy consumption and has economic and environmental implications. The testing findings show that the brick-and-mortar bond has an excellent lead with the maximum compressive strength of the brick masonry prism.
How can artificial intelligence decrease cognitive and work burden for front line practitioners?
Authors: Gandhi Tejal K , Classen David , Sinsky Christine A , Rhew David C , Vande Garde Nikki , Roberts Andrew , Federico Frank 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has tremendous potential to improve the cognitive and work burden of clinicians across a range of clinical activities, which could lead to reduced burnout and better clinical care. The recent explosion of generative AI nicely illustrates this potential. Developers and organizations deploying AI have a responsibility to ensure AI is designed and implemented with end-user input, has mechanisms to identify and potentially reduce bias, and that the impact on cognitive and work burden is measured, monitored, and improved. This article focuses specifically on the role AI can play in reducing cognitive and work burden, outlines the critical issues associated with the use of AI, and serves as a call to action for vendors and users to work together to develop functionality that addresses these challenges.
Green and Smart Quantitative Quality Control for Veterinary Mixture of Ivermectin and Clorsulon: Ecological Evaluation of Spectral Analyses via Analytical Eco-Scale, Green Analytical Procedure Index, and Analytical GREEnness Metric Approaches
Authors: Kamal Miranda F , Youssef Rasha M , Morshedy Samir , El-Sayed Nehal W 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The global financial market is still highly threatened by bovine fasciolosis, a parasitic infection that targets cattle, mainly in tropical regions. Binary combination of ivermectin (IVER) and clorsulon (CLO), in challenging concentration ratios, is typically indicated for treatment and control of fasciolosis.

Objective
The present study aims at smart simultaneous spectrophotometric assay of both compounds at their high ratio in marketed formulation and synthetic mixtures, without any prior separation. Furthermore, their greenness profile was evaluated and compared with previous reported assay methods, including the official one.

Methods
Mathematical-based proposed methods are the dual-wavelength, induced dual-wavelength, and first derivative ratio methods. Each is developed, optimized, and applied to determine simultaneously IVER and CLO at linear ranges of 1–30 and 5–40 μg/mL, respectively. They have been validated according to ICH guidelines. Statistical Student t-tests and F-tests compared the proposed methods with a USP chromatographic technique. Ecological appraisal is accomplished using three independent metrics: Analytical Eco-Scale (AES), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), and Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach (AGREE).

Results
Satisfactory recoveries, ICH compliance, and adherence of proposed methods to the ecological safety margin are achieved.

Conclusions
Developed methods are eco-friendly and cost-effective and can accomplish a routine quantitative quality control for concurrent determination of both drugs.

Highlights
Veterinary antimicrobials need analytical quality control using safer and green methodologies. Data manipulated spectral analyses of IVER and CLO, in a ratio of 1:10% (v/v), are developed and optimized. AES, GAPI, and AGREE approaches illustrate the high green compliance in respect to assays reported in the literature. Furthermore, the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) assay for IVER and CLO in injectable dosage form depends on analysis of each drug separately in the presence of the other drug, but it cannot determine both drugs simultaneously.
Forgiveness and Social Hierarchy in the New Testament: Revisiting the Keene Thesis
Authors: Smit Peter-Ben 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In a small number of publications, Frederick (‘Fred’) W. Keene has proposed a new understanding of how forgiveness works in the New Testament; his work is currently being received in both New Testament studies and related disciplines, in particular also in practical and systematic theological studies, in which it is often referred to as a standard (or at least eminently viable) opinion. His work and his thesis concerning forgiveness have, therefore, a considerable impact and should accordingly be taken seriously as an exegetical conversation partner, which, so far, has hardly been done. The core of his thesis is that forgiveness is only possible in a hierarchical relationship. This contribution introduces Keene’s central thesis, considers its substantiation and then analyses it in the sense of a critical evaluation, focusing on aspects, which have to do with (a) grammar and linguistics; (b) the linguistic creation of egalitarian relationships; (c) the intersectionality of intra-human hierarchies; (d) the role of martyrs in relation to forgiveness. In discussing these, incidental alternatives to Keene’s exegetical choices will be offered. This approach also means that this contribution cannot do justice to the full scope of topics and themes associated with ‘forgiveness’ in the New Testament, but will remain focused on Keene’s work, although the conclusions move beyond it as they also present the insights gained with regard to forgiveness in early Christianity through a critical interaction with Keene’s work and the texts that he appeals to.
Daily Naltrexone Use Does Not Adversely Affect Physical, Cognitive or Marksmanship Performance in U.S. Army Soldiers
Authors: Carreno-Davidson Jamie T , Castellani Colleen M , Carreno Joseph J , DeLuca Jesse P , Selig Daniel J , Vuong Chau V , Pasiakos Stefan M , Ritland Bradley M 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Considering the potential of weaponized opioids, evaluating how prophylactic countermeasures affect military-relevant performance is necessary. Naltrexone is a commercially available Food and Drug Administration–approved medication that blocks the effects of opioids with minimal side effects. However, the effects of naltrexone on the health and performance of non-substance abusing military personnel are not well described in the existing literature.

Methods
Active duty U.S. Army Soldiers (n = 16, mean ± SD, age: 23.1 ± 5.3 y) completed a series of physical, cognitive, and marksmanship tasks during a 4-day pretrial, a 7-day active trial, and a 4-day post-trial phase. During the active trial, participants were administered 50 mg of oral naltrexone daily. Physiological and biological processes were monitored with a daily review of systems, sleep monitoring, biochemistry, and hematology blood panels.

Results
Naltrexone did not negatively affect physical performance, cognitive functioning, marksmanship, or sleep duration (P &gt; 0.05). Improvements were observed during the active trial compared to the pretrial phase in cognitive tasks measuring logical relations (P = 0.05), matching to sample (P = 0.04), math speed (P &lt; 0.01), math percent correct (P = 0.04), and spatial processing (P &lt; 0.01). Results from biochemistry and hematology blood panels remained within clinically normative ranges throughout all phases of the study. No participants were medically withdrawn; however, one participant voluntarily withdrew due to nausea and reduced appetite.

Conclusions
Temporary (7-day) daily use of naltrexone was safe and did not negatively affect physical performance, cognitive functioning, marksmanship ability, or sleep in a healthy cohort of U.S. Army Soldiers.
A Review of 75th Ranger Regiment Battle-Injured Fatalities Incurred During Combat Operations From 2001 to 2021
Authors: Moore Charles H , Kotwal Russ S , Howard Jeffrey T , Silverman Montane B , Gurney Jennifer M , Rohrer Andrew J , Knight Ryan M 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The 75th Ranger Regiment is an elite U.S. military special operations unit that conducted over 20 years of sustained combat operations. The Regiment has a history of providing novel and cutting-edge prehospital trauma care, advancing and translating medical initiatives, and documenting and reporting casualty care performance improvement efforts.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective case fatality rate (CFR) review, mortality review, and descriptive analysis of fatalities were conducted for battle-injured personnel assigned or attached to the 75th Ranger Regiment from 2001 to 2021 during combat operations primarily in Afghanistan and Iraq. Fatalities were evaluated for population characteristics, cause of death, mechanism of death, injury severity, injury survivability, and death preventability.

Results
A total of 813 battle injury casualties, including 62 fatalities, were incurred over 20 years and 1 month of continuous combat operations. The Regiment maintained a zero rate of prehospital preventable combat death. Additionally, no fatalities had a mechanism of death because of isolated extremity hemorrhage, tension pneumothorax, or airway obstruction. When comparing the CFR of the Regiment to the U.S. military population as a whole, the Regiment had a significantly greater reduction in the cumulative CFR as measured by the difference in average annual percentage change.

Conclusions
Documentation and analysis of casualties and care, mortality and casualty reviews, and other performance improvement efforts can guide combatant commanders, medical directors, and fighting forces to reduce preventable combat deaths and the CFR. Early hemorrhage control, blood product resuscitation, and other lifesaving interventions should be established and maintained as a standard prehospital practice to mitigate fatalities with potentially survivable injuries.
Close-Range Fire Inflicting Behind Armor Blunt Trauma: Case-Series and Implications for Battlefield Care
Authors: Talmy Tomer , Itah Amir , Ahimor Alon , Drukarov Dor , Shovali Amiram , Malkin Michael , Shina Avi , Gendler Sami , Tsur Avishai M , Almog Ofer 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Behind armor blunt trauma (BABT) is a non-penetrating injury caused by energy transfer and rapid deformation of protective body armor. Although modern military body armor is designed to prevent penetrating trunk injuries, high-energy projectiles can produce a significant energy transfer to tissues behind the armor and inflict injuries such as fractures or organ contusions. However, knowledge of BABT is limited to biomechanical and cadaver modeling studies and rare case reports. We report two cases of BABT resulting from close-range fire and discuss the potential implications for triaging patients with BABT in battlefield scenarios. In the first case, a 19-year-old male soldier sustained a single close-range 5.56-mm assault rifle gunshot to his chest body armor. The soldier initially reported mild pain in the parasternal region and assessment revealed a 4 cm × 3 cm skin abrasion. Following emergency department evaluation, the soldier was diagnosed with a non-displaced transverse fracture of the sternal body. In the second case, a 20-year-old male sustained five machine gun bullets (7.62 mm) to his body armor. Computed tomography of the chest revealed pulmonary contusions in the right lower and middle lobes. Both soldiers achieved full recovery and returned to combat duty within several weeks. These cases highlight the potential risks of energy transfer from high-velocity projectiles impacting body armor and the need for frontline providers to be aware of the risk of underlying blunt injuries. Further reporting of clinical cases and modeling studies using high-velocity projectiles could inform recommendations for triaging, evacuating, and assessing individuals with BABT.
Clinician Testing and Treatment Thresholds for Management of Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Harris Andrea , Pineles Lisa , Baghdadi Jonathan D , Magder Larry , Dhaliwal Gurpreet , Korenstein Deborah , Harris Anthony D , Morgan Daniel J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Greater understanding of clinical decision thresholds may improve inappropriate testing and treatment of urinary tract infection (UTI). We used a survey of clinicians to examine UTI decision thresholds. Although overestimates of UTI occurred, testing and treatment thresholds were generally rational, were lower than previously reported, and differed by type of clinician.
The “How” and “Why” Behind Clinical Site Visits: A Qualitative Study Exploring Director of Clinical Education Perspectives
Authors: Greco Jamie L. , Hochman Lori , Silberman Nicki 
Published: August 2023

Introduction.
Several studies have investigated stakeholder perspectives regarding clinical site visits (SVs). An SV is one of the many ways of building strong relationships through collaborative communication. This study explored perceptions of directors of clinical education (DCEs) about why SVs are important, why they prefer certain methods of communication over others, and how they prioritize their decision-making process regarding structure and communication methods used.

Literature Review.
Barriers to conducting SVs exist, including scheduling challenges, time, and cost. Some studies suggest preferences for using in-person communication.

Subjects.
Fifteen DCEs from across the United States.

Methods.
Subjects participated in one-on-one semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analyzed using a grounded theory approach and thematic analysis.

Results.
Six themes emerged from the data: (1) communication is vital, (2) SVs are fact-finding missions that serve multiple purposes, (3) flexibility is essential, (4) showing up in person has a strong impact, (5) DCEs strategically schedule in-person SVs, and (6) faculty assistance can be valuable. Some of the purposes of an SV include learning about the clinic's expectations, gathering data to ensure that the student is having a good experience, keeping current with curricular trends and contemporary practice, and building and nurturing relationships. Faculty may be able to assist in conducting SVs when properly trained. In-person SVs show a powerful message of support to students and clinicians.

Discussion and conclusion.
Similar to other stakeholders, DCEs value SVs for building, maintaining, and strengthening clinical and academic relationships. Site visits also bridge curricular gaps, support stakeholders, and help DCEs do their job. Directors of clinical education are strategic when considering SV structure, communication methods, and prioritizing student and clinician needs. Results were used in conjunction with prior findings of our mixed-methods explanatory sequential study to create recommendations, which will empower DCEs to advocate for resources to continue conducting SVs, particularly in-person SVs, especially under certain circumstances. Future research should explore clinician perspectives, specifically related to preferred communication methods, structure of the SV, and meeting with faculty other than the DCE.
Endocarditis in critically ill patients: a review
Authors: Nedel Wagner , Boniatti Marcio Manozzo , Lisboa Thiago 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of reviewTo summarize the advances in literature that support the best current practices regarding infective endocarditis (IE) in critically ill patients.Recent findingsIE due to rheumatic diseases has decreased significantly, and in fact, the majority of cases are associated with degenerative valvopathies, prosthetic valves, and cardiovascular implantable electronic devices. The Duke criteria were recently updated, addressing the increasing incidence of new risk factors for IE, such as IE associated with the use of endovascular cardiac implantable electronic devices and transcatheter implant valves. The presence of organ dysfunction, renal replacement therapies, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation should be considered in the choice of drug and dosage in critically ill patients with suspected or confirmed IE. As highlighted for other severe infections, monitoring of therapeutic antibiotic levels is a promising technique to improve outcomes in critically ill patients with organ dysfunction.SummaryThe diagnostic investigation of IE must consider the current epidemiological criteria and the diagnostic particularities that these circumstances require. A careful evaluation of these issues is necessary for the prompt clinical or surgical management of this infection.
EUS-guided Gastroenterostomy
Authors: Kahaleh Michel , Tyberg Amy , Sameera Sohini , Sarkar Avik , Shahid Haroon M. , Abdelqader Abdelhai , Gjeorgjievski Mihajlo , Gaidhane Monica , Muniraj Thiruvengadam , Jamidar Priya A. , Aslanian Harry R. , Abraham Mathew , Lajin Michael , Kedia Prashant , Nieto Jose , Parsa Nasim , Andalib Iman , Bashir Muhammad , Kowalski Thomas E. , Loren David E. , Kumar Anand , Schlachterman Alexander , Chiang Austin , Holmes Ian , Mendoza Ladd Antonio H. , Oleas Roberto , Zolotarevsky Eugene , Robles-Medranda Carlos , Barthet Marc 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) is a minimally invasive therapy for patients with gastric outlet obstruction without the risks of surgical bypass and the limited long-term efficacy of enteral self-expanding metal stent placement. However, due to its novelty, there is a lack of significant data comparing long-term outcomes of patients with EUS-GE, based on the underlying disease. In this study, we compare outcomes of EUS-GE on benign versus malignant indications.

Methods:
Consecutive patients from 12 international, tertiary care centers who underwent EUS-GE over 3 years were extracted in a retrospective registry. Demographic characteristics, procedure-related information and follow-up data was collected. Primary outcome was the rate of adverse events associated with EUS-GE and the comparison of the rate of adverse events in benign versus malignant diseases. Secondary outcomes included technical and clinical success as well as hospitalization admission.

Results:
A total of 103 patients were included: 72 malignant and 31 benign. The characteristics of the patients undergoing EUS-GE is shown in Table 1. The mean age of the cohort was 68 years and 58 years for malignant and benign etiology. Gender distribution was 57% and 39% being females in malignant and benign etiology group, respectively. Clinical success, technical success, average procedure time, and hospital length of stay were similar in both groups. Patients with benign underlying etiology had significantly higher number of surgically altered midgut anatomy (P=0.0379).

Conclusion:
EUS-GE is equally efficient regardless of the underlying etiology (malignant vs. benign), and the adverse events both groups were comparable.