bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful eradication of invasive American bullfrogs leads to coextirpation of emerging pathogens
Authors: Hossack Blake R. , Hall David , Crawford Catherine L. , Goldberg Caren S. , Muths Erin , Sigafus Brent H. , Chambert Thierry 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInterventions of the host–pathogen dynamics provide strong tests of relationships, yet they are still rarely applied across multiple populations. After American bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) invaded a wildlife refuge where federally threatened Chiricahua leopard frogs (R. chiricahuensis) were reintroduced 12 years prior, managers launched a landscape‐scale eradication effort to help ensure continued recovery of the native species. We used a before‐after‐control‐impact design and environmental DNA sampling of 19 eradication sites and 18 control sites between fall 2016 and winter 2020–2021 to measure community‐level responses to bullfrog eradication, including for two pathogens. Dynamic occupancy models revealed successful eradication from 94% of treatment sites. Native amphibians did not respond to bullfrog eradication, but the pathogens amphibian chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) and ranaviruses were coextirpated with bullfrogs. Our spatially replicated experimental approach provides strong evidence that management of invasive species can simultaneously reduce predation and disease risk for imperiled species.
Efficacy and safety of macitentan for pulmonary hypertension: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Du Dan , Yuan Ya‐Dong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionOur purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect and safety of macitentan in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH).MethodsWe retrieved the safety and efficacy of macitentan treatment for PH using PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE databases and clinicaltrials.gov. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used for literature screening and quality assessment. Data analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.1 and Stata/SE 15.1 software. Results are presented as standardization mean differences (SMDs) and odds ratio (OR).ResultsMeta‐analysis of seven randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies and four non‐RCT studies with 2769 patients was included, involving 723 in the macitentan group and 599 in the placebo group. The results of the study showed that macitentan had effectively decreased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (SMD = −0.53, 95% CI: −0.77–−0.29, p < 0.05), cardiac index (CI) (SMD = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37–0.83, p < 0.05) and N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) (SMD = −0.22, 95% CI: −0.40–−0.03, p < 0.05). Furthermore, macitentan also significantly reduced PVR (SMD = −0.58, 95% CI: −0.80–−0.35, p < 0.05), 6‐min walk distance (6WMD) (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.15–0.50, p < 0.05), CI (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28–0.69, p < 0.05), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) (SMD = −0.43, 95% CI: −0.64–−0.23, p < 0.05) and NT‐proBNP (SMD = −0.55, 95% CI: −1.07–−0.03, p < 0.05) between baseline and follow‐up. The adverse reactions to macitentan were mild, with headache, anaemia and bronchitis. Other efficacy and safety outcomes did not reach statistical differences.ConclusionMacitentan therapy for PH is effective and safe. The effectiveness on PVR, mPAP, mean right atrial pressure (mRAP), mortality and other indicators still needs to be further confirmed.
Circulating exosomes from brain death and cardiac death donors have distinct molecular and immunologic properties: A pilot study
Authors: Ravichandran Ranjithkumar , Itabashi Yoshihiro , Zhou Fangyu , Lin Yiing , Mohanakumar Thalachallour , Chapman William C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsComparison of donation after brain death (DBD) and donation after cardiac death (DCD) lung tissue before transplantation have demonstrated activation of pro‐inflammatory cytokine pathway in DBD donors. The molecular and immunological properties of circulating exosomes from DBD and DCD donors were not previously described.Methods: We collected plasma from 18 deceased donors (12 DBD and six DCD). Cytokines were analyzed by 30‐Plex luminex Panels. Exosomes were analyzed for liver self‐antigen (SAg), Transcription Factors and HLA class II (HLA‐DR/DQ) using western blot. C57BL/6 animals were immunized with isolated exosomes to determine strength and magnitude of immune responses. Interferon (IFN)‐γ and tumor necrosis factor‐α producing cells were quantified by ELISPOT, specific antibodies to HLA class II antigens were measured by ELISAResultsWe demonstrate increased plasma levels of IFNγ, EGF, EOTAXIN, IP‐10, MCP‐1, RANTES, MIP‐β, VEGF, and interleukins – 6/8 in DBD plasma versus DCD. MiRNA isolated from exosome of DBD donors demonstrated significant increase in miR‐421, which has been reported to correlate with higher level of Interleukin‐6. Higher levels of liver SAg Collagen III (p = .008), pro‐inflammatory transcription factors (NF‐κB, p < .05; HIF1α, p = .021), CIITA (p = .011), and HLA class II (HLA‐DR, p = .0003 and HLA‐DQ, p = .013) were detected in exosomes from DBD versus DCD plasma. The circulating exosomes isolated from DBD donors were immunogenic in mice and led to the development of Abs to HLA‐DR/DQ.ConclusionsThis study provides potential new mechanisms by which DBD organs release exosomes that can activate immune pathways leading to cytokine release and allo‐immune response.
(DIS)Locating Meaning: Toward a Hermeneutical Response in Education to Religiously Inspired Extremism
Authors: Panjwani Farid 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA key epistemological assumption in the ideologies of many of the groups termed extremist is that there is an unmediated access to a Divine Will. Driven by this assumption, and facilitated by several other factors, a range of coercive actions (including violence) to force others into submission to the perceived Will of God are seen as justified by some of these groups. A consideration of how religion is discussed in various contexts, from seminaries and schools to media and policy discourses, shows that this assumption about unmediated access to Divine Will is widely shared and that most children grow up socialized into it. In this paper, Farid Panjwani argues that challenging this assumption through educational settings can help young people acquire critical capacities that may lead to a critique of extremist narratives, thereby decreasing their attractions. In this regard, the paper draws upon a range of theoretical ideas, for example, the hermeneutical tradition (in particular the work of Hans‐Georg Gadamer), as well as historical and textual examples, to make a case for a rethinking of religious education to develop more critical capacities among the students.
Characteristics of white matter alterations along fibres in patients with bulimia nervosa: A combined voxelwise and tractography study
Authors: Chen Qian , Wang Miao , Wu Guo‐wei , Li Wei‐hua , Ren Xiao‐dan , Wang Yi‐ling , Wei Xuan , Wang Jia‐ni , Yang Zhenghan , Li Xiao‐hong , Li Zhan‐jiang , Tang Li‐rong , Zhang Peng , Wang Zhenchang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccumulating evidence supports the hypothesis that white matter (WM) abnormalities are involved in the pathophysiology of bulimia nervosa (BN); however, findings from in vivo neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the possible brain WM alterations, including WM volume and microstructure, in patients with BN. We recruited 43 BN patients and 31 healthy controls (HCs). All participants underwent structural and diffusion tensor imaging. Differences in WM volume and microstructure were evaluated using voxel‐based morphometry, tract‐based spatial statistics, and automated fibre quantification analysis. Compared with HCs, BN patients showed significantly decreased fractional anisotropy in the middle part of the corpus callosum (nodes 31–32) and increased mean diffusivity in the right cranial nerve V (CN V) (nodes 27–33 and nodes 55–88) and vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF) (nodes 58–85). Moreover, we found decreased axial diffusivity in the right inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus (node 67) and increased radial diffusivity in the CN V (nodes 22–34 and nodes 52–89) and left VOF (nodes 60–66 and nodes 81–85). Meanwhile, WM microstructural changes were correlated with patients' clinical manifestations. We did not find any significant differences in WM volume and the main WM fibre bundle properties between BN patients and HCs. Taken together, these findings provide that BN shows significant brain WM reorganization, but primarily in microstructure (part of WM fibre bundle), which is not sufficient to cause changes in WM volume. The automated fibre quantification analysis could be more sensitive to detect the subtle pathological changes in a point or segment of the WM fibre bundle.
Repeated innovations and excessive spin‐offs
Authors: Mella‐Barral Pierre , Sabourian Hamid 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFirms can voluntarily create independent firms to implement their technologically distant innovations and capture their value through capital markets. We argue that when firms repeatedly compete to make innovations, there is inefficient external implementation of innovations and “excessive” creation of such firms. This inefficiency is most exacerbated in the early stages of an industry, when the number of firms is still limited.
Formation of soil organic carbon pool is regulated by the structure of dissolved organic matter and microbial carbon pump efficacy: A decadal study comparing different carbon management strategies
Authors: Chen Yalan , Du Zhangliu , Weng Zhe (Han) , Sun Ke , Zhang Yuqin , Liu Qin , Yang Yan , Li Yang , Wang Zhibo , Luo Yu , Gao Bo , Chen Bin , Pan Zezhen , Van Zwieten Lukas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo achieve long‐term increases in soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, it is essential to understand the effects of carbon management strategies on SOC formation pathways, particularly through changes in microbial necromass carbon (MNC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Using a 14‐year field study, we demonstrate that both biochar and maize straw lifted the SOC ceiling, but through different pathways. Biochar, while raising SOC and DOC content, decreased substrate degradability by increasing carbon aromaticity. This resulted in suppressed microbial abundance and enzyme activity, which lowered soil respiration, weakened in vivo turnover and ex vivo modification for MNC production (i.e., low microbial carbon pump “efficacy”), and led to lower efficiency in decomposing MNC, ultimately resulting in the net accumulation of SOC and MNC. In contrast, straw incorporation increased the content and decreased the aromaticity of SOC and DOC. The enhanced SOC degradability and soil nutrient content, such as total nitrogen and total phosphorous, stimulated the microbial population and activity, thereby boosting soil respiration and enhancing microbial carbon pump “efficacy” for MNC production. The total C added to biochar and straw plots were estimated as 27.3–54.5 and 41.4 Mg C ha−1, respectively. Our results demonstrated that biochar was more efficient in lifting the SOC stock via exogenous stable carbon input and MNC stabilization, although the latter showed low “efficacy”. Meanwhile, straw incorporation significantly promoted net MNC accumulation but also stimulated SOC mineralization, resulting in a smaller increase in SOC content (by 50%) compared to biochar (by 53%–102%). The results address the decadal‐scale effects of biochar and straw application on the formation of the stable organic carbon pool in soil, and understanding the causal mechanisms can allow field practices to maximize SOC content.
The lived experience of mothers of children with haemophilia in Jordan: A phenomenological study
Authors: Obeidat Hala Mahmoud , Habashneh Maleka Hussein , Dwairej Doa'a Abdullah , Obeidat Aseel Hussein , Al‐Oran Haytham Mohammad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundHaemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder. Mothers of children with haemophilia experience stress, anxiety and different types of burdens that affect their life negatively.ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the lived experience of mothers of children with haemophilia.MethodsA descriptive phenomenological design was utilized. The participants were selected purposively from the Jordanian Association for Thalassemia and Hemophilia. Data saturation was achieved by interviewing 20 mothers.ResultsFive themes emerged: (1) the challenges related to the diagnosis, the availability and administration of the clotting factors, and the occurrence of the bleeding emergency; (2) physical, social, psychological and financial burden; (3) fear of child death and disability; (4) stigmatization; and (5) lack of educational and medical support.ConclusionMothers of children with haemophilia suffer from physical, psychological and social consequences. Healthcare providers should carry out educational sessions regarding the importance of support for the family and throughout the life of the child.
The application of clique percolation method in health disparities research
Authors: Lee Chiyoung , Cao Jiepin , Gonzalez‐Guarda Rosa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsClique percolation, one of the joint community detection algorithms in network science, is a novel and efficient approach to detecting overlapping communities in real networks. The current study illustrated how clique percolation can help to identify overlapping communities within the complex networks underlying health disparities, particularly highlighting nodes with strong associations with more than one community.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsThe study used a dataset on Latinx populations (N = 1654; mean age = 43.3 years; 53.1% women) as an example to demonstrate the role of such overlapping nodes in the network of syndemic conditions and their common risk factors. Syndemic conditions in the network included HIV risk, substance abuse (smoking, heavy alcohol consumption and marijuana use) and poor mental health. Moreover, the risk factors encompassed individual (education and income) and sociostructural (adverse childhood experiences [ACEs] and access to services) factors. The network was estimated using the R‐package bootnet. Clique percolation was conducted on the estimated network using the R‐package CliquePercolation.ResultsA total of three communities were detected, with HIV risk and poor mental health not being assigned to any community. In general, Community 1 was comprised of ACE categories, Community 2 included education, income and access to services and Community 3 included other syndemic conditions. Of note, two nodes were assigned to two communities: ‘household dysfunction’ to Communities 1 and 2 and ‘smoking’ to Communities 2 and 3.ConclusionHousehold dysfunction might be the key connector, among other ACEs, to individual and structural barriers. Such barriers further exposed Latinx individuals to risky behaviours, especially smoking, which further linked to marijuana use and heavy alcohol consumption.ImpactClique percolation facilitated our understanding of the complex systems of factors shaping health disparities. The overlapping nodes are promising intervention targets for reducing health disparities in this historically marginalized population.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Changes in glycemic control and skeletal muscle mass indices after dapagliflozin treatment in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yoshimura Yuta , Hashimoto Yoshitaka , Okada Hiroshi , Takegami Maya , Nakajima Hanako , Miyoshi Tomoki , Yoshimura Takashi , Yamazaki Masahiro , Hamaguchi Masahide , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionDapagliflozin is used for individuals with type 1 diabetes, although the effect of this medication on skeletal muscle mass is not well established. In addition, there are few studies examining the effects of good glycemic control on skeletal muscle mass in type 1 diabetes patients. We investigated changes in glycemic control and skeletal muscle mass with dapagliflozin in individuals with type 1 diabetes, and the association between these changes.Materials and MethodsThis was a post‐hoc analysis of a multicenter, open‐label, non‐randomized, prospective, interventional study in individuals with type 1 diabetes. The participants received dapagliflozin at 5 mg/day for 4 weeks, and were reviewed before and after treatment. Weight‐ and height‐corrected appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) were calculated as indices of skeletal muscle mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis.ResultsA total of 36 individuals were included in the analysis. After the 4 weeks of dapagliflozin treatment, ASM/height2 decreased in the body mass index <23 group (P = 0.004). ASM / weight decreased in all men aged >60 years. The change in ASM / weight (%) was negatively correlated with the change in glycated hemoglobin (%;P = 0.023). The change in ASM / height2 (kg/m2) was also positively correlated with the change in time within the glucose range of 70–180 mg/dL (P = 0.036).ConclusionDapagliflozin treatment of individuals with type 1 diabetes, particularly non‐obese individuals and older men, might result in loss of skeletal muscle mass. However, good glycemic control during treatment might prevent the onset and progression of sarcopenia.
BEVSIM: Battery electric vehicle sustainability impact assessment model
Authors: Mehta Rajesh , Golkaram Milad , Vogels Jack T. W. E. , Ligthart Tom , Someren Eugene , Ferjan Spela , Lennartz Jelmer 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo achieve climate neutrality ambitions, greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector need to be reduced by at least 90% by 2050. To support industry and policy makers on mitigating actions on climate goals it is important to holistically compare and reduce life cycle environmental impacts of road passenger vehicles. A web‐based sustainability assessment tool named battery electric vehicle sustainability impact assessment model, BEVSIM, is developed to assess the environmental, circularity, and economic performance of the materials, sub‐systems, parts, and individual components of battery electric vehicles and internal combustion engine vehicles. This tool allows to measure and compare impacts resulting from recycling technologies, end‐of‐life scenarios, and future scenarios resulting from changes in grid mixes. This paper explains the purpose of the tool, its functionality and design as well as the underlying assumptions.
Insulin resistance probability score and incident cardiovascular disease
Authors: Louie Judy Z. , Shiffman Dov , McPhaul Michael J. , Melander Olle 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, insulin immunoassay variability and scarce research of the elderly have hindered the adoption of IR assessment for CVD prevention. We asked whether the probability of having IR [p(IR)]—derived from insulin and C‐peptide mass‐spectrometry assays—was associated with CVD in the elderly.MethodsA random cohort was drawn from MPP, a population‐based study of the elderly. After excluding those with missing data, CVD, or diabetes, 3645 participants (median age = 68) remained.ResultsDuring follow‐up (13.3 years), 794 incident CVD events were observed. p(IR) > 80% (n = 152) compared with p(IR) ≤ 80% was associated with incident CVD (HR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.12–2.05, p = 0.007) and CVD or all‐cause mortality (HR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.16–1.77, p = 0.0009) after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, smoking, HDL‐cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, BMI, and prediabetes.ConclusionHigh p(IR) was associated with >50% greater risk of incident CVD. IR assessment in the elderly may be warranted.
An in situ study of presolar grains and the fine‐grained matrices of the Meteorite Hills 00526 and Queen Alexandra Range 97008 unequilibrated ordinary chondrites
Authors: Seifert Laura B. , Haenecour Pierre , Ramprasad Tarunika , Zega Thomas J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHere we report in situ structural and chemical analyses of four presolar grains and the matrices of the Meteorite Hills (MET) 00526 L3.05 and Queen Alexandra Range (QUE) 97008 L3.05 unequilibrated ordinary chondrites (UOCs). The presolar grains in MET 00526 include one Fe‐rich single crystal olivine, and one olivine grain that contains both amorphous and polycrystalline material. The single crystal olivine likely has origins in the circumstellar envelope (CSE) of a red giant branch (RGB) or asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star, and the amorphous/polycrystalline olivine has an O‐isotopic composition consistent with origins in a type II supernova. The presolar grains from QUE 97008 are Fe rich and include one crystalline, stoichiometric olivine that contains a Ca‐rich core and one crystalline, stoichiometric pyroxene grain, both of which have O‐isotopic compositions consistent with origins in the CSEs of low‐mass AGB/RGB stars. The matrices of both UOCs are mineralogically diverse with evidence for unaltered material in the form of amorphous silicates and a C‐rich nanoglobule and altered material in the form of Ni‐rich sulfides, abundant Fe‐rich olivine, and Fe‐Mg zoning in matrix silicates. No phyllosilicates were observed. The Fe‐rich olivine grains are the dominant alteration phase in both UOCs and likely replaced primary amorphous silicates in the presence of an Fe‐rich fluid during parent body alteration. Our work suggests that the ordinary and carbonaceous chondrites received a similar inventory of dust with comparable structures and chemistries.
Preclinical cardiac perforation reduction in leadless pacing: An update to the Micra leadless pacemaker delivery system
Authors: Roberts Paul R. , Garweg Christophe , Yue Arthur M. , Mattson Alexander R. , Raghupathy Ramesh , Piccini Jonathan P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeadless pacemakers have been developed to avoid some of the complications that are associated transvenous pacemakers. Pericardial effusion is a rare complication of leadless pacemaker implantation, which may result from perforation of the delivery catheter. In this study, we describe preclinical perforation performance of an updated Micra delivery catheter.MethodsTo assess preclinical perforation performance of the updated delivery catheter, three analyses were performed. First, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) computational modeling was performed to estimate the target tissue stress during Micra delivery catheter tenting. Second, benchtop perforation forces of ovine tissue were recorded for the original and updated delivery catheters. Finally, a Monte‐Carlo simulation combining human cadaveric Micra implant forces and human ventricular tissue perforation properties was performed to estimate clinical perforation performance.ResultsFEA modeling demonstrated a 66% reduction in target tissue stress when using the updated Micra delivery catheter (6.2 vs. 2.2 psi, Original vs. Updated Micra delivery catheter). Updated Micra delivery catheters required 20% more force to perforate porcine ventricular tissues in benchtop testing (μupd = 26.9N vs. μorg = 22.4N, p = .01). Monte‐Carlo Simulation of catheter performance in human cadaveric tissues predicts 28.5% reduction of catheter‐perforated cases with the updated delivery catheter.ConclusionsThis study, using computer modelling and benchtop experimentation, has indicated that increased surface area and rounding of the updated Micra catheter tip significantly improves preclinical perforation performance. It will be important to evaluate the impact of these catheter design changes with robust registry data.