bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a Quality Assurance Framework for Neuro-Ophthalmology Using a Multisite Data Registry
Authors: Lal Anoushka P. , Dimmick Sylvia , Roche Olga , Wang Wendy , Sheth Shivanand , Chakrabarti Rahul , del Porto Lana A. , Fok Anthony , Shuey Neil , Fraser Clare , White Owen , Van der Walt Anneke 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Quality assurance (QA) in neuro-ophthalmology (NOPH) is often lacking. We aimed to assess the quality of referral assessment and time to consult for common neuro-ophthalmological conditions by implementing a quality-assurance registry, NODE (Neuro-ophthalmology Database), in a tertiary neuro-ophthalmology clinic. Australian standardized triage categories, namely, P1 (consult ≤30 days), P2 (consult ≤30–60 days), and P3 (consult ≤60–90 days), were developed and validated for neuro-ophthalmological conditions.

Methods:
We collected data from NODE on 676 patients at the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne and developed a consensus on the assignation of NOPH conditions to triage categories using a modified Delphi approach. A panel of 7 experienced neuro-ophthalmologists scored conditions and assignation to triage categories. Consensus was considered when ≥75% of the panel strongly agreed or agreed. We analyzed the mean days from referral to triage and from triage to the initial consultation and compared that with the developed triage category standard.

Results:
Most patients presenting to the service were female (64%). Common diagnoses were idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) (19%), optic neuropathy (ON) (14%), nonspecific headaches (11%), cranial nerve defects (CND) (8%), and papilledema (7%). Consensus on triage category assignment was reached after 2 rounds of scoring from expert panel members. The mean time from referral to triage was performed in <5 days for all the common diagnosis at the NOPH clinic. The mean days (±SD) from P1 category triage to initial consult for IIH was 15 (±12) days, acute ON 16 (±14) days, CND was 20 (±15) days, and papilledema was 20 (±19) days. The mean days from P2 triage to initial consultant for nonspecific headaches was 22 (±20) days and for EOMD was 48 (±22) days. The mean time (days) from P3 triage to initial consultant for nonocular myasthenia gravis was 38 days (±29) days and for visual snow was 54 (±31) days.

Conclusions:
We have established a consensus agreement on triage categories for neuro-ophthalmological conditions, which can be further validated using a larger panel of experts. We established a NOPH registry that will serve as a framework to benchmark quality of care between NOPH services. Data from our NOPH registry demonstrated that most conditions are appropriately triaged and seen.
Update on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders among older people
Authors: Mangweth-Matzek Barbara , Kummer Kai K. , Hoek Hans W. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose of review
We reviewed the recent literature on the epidemiology and treatment of eating disorders among middle-aged and older women and men.

Recent findings
Recent studies show that among older female persons, the prevalence rates with full diagnoses of eating disorders based on DSM-IV or DSM-5 criteria are between 2.1 and 7.7%, and among older men less than 1%. These studies show that the prevalence of eating disorders decreases by age in women, but it does not get towards zero even in very high age. Middle age, with a peak around 50, is also a critical time for the occurrence of eating disorders in men. Women who reported severe menopausal symptoms showed more eating disorder pathology compared with those with low symptoms during menopausal transition.

Summary
Eating disorders do occur in middle and older age of both sexes. Shame and stigmatization have decreased, and medical awareness and explicit assessment of eating behavior in all age groups have developed. What puberty is for eating disorders in adolescence and young age is menopausal transition for midlife women. Also in men, associations with hormonal disturbances are possible. Treatment approaches should consider treatment strategies tailored to older women and men, addressing the context of midlife and aging.
RNA polymerase III is involved in regulatingPlasmodium falciparumvirulence
Authors: Diffendall Gretchen , Claës Aurélie , Barcons-Simon Anna , Nyarko Prince , Dingli Florent , Santos Miguel , Loew Damarys , Claessens Antoine , Scherf Artur 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile often undetected and untreated, persistent seasonal asymptomatic malaria infections remain a global public health problem. Despite the presence of parasites in the peripheral blood, no symptoms develop. Disease severity is correlated with the levels of infected red blood cells (iRBCs) adhering within blood vessels. Changes in iRBC adhesion capacity have been linked to seasonal asymptomatic malaria infections, however how this is occurring is still unknown. Here we present evidence that RNA polymerase III (RNA Pol III) transcription inPlasmodium falciparumis downregulated in field isolates obtained from asymptomatic individuals during the dry season. Through experiments with in vitro cultured parasites, we have uncovered an RNA Pol III-dependent mechanism that controls pathogen proliferation and expression of a major virulence factor in response to external stimuli. Our findings establish a connection betweenP. falciparumcytoadhesion and a non-coding RNA family transcribed by Pol III. Additionally, we have identifiedP. falciparumMaf1 as a pivotal regulator of Pol III transcription, both for maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding adaptively to external signals. These results introduce a novel perspective that contributes to our understanding ofP. falciparumvirulence. Furthermore, they establish a connection between this regulatory process and the occurrence of seasonal asymptomatic malaria infections.
The International Weed Genomics Consortium: Community Resources for Weed Genomics Research
Authors: Montgomery Jacob S. , Morran Sarah , MacGregor Dana R. , McElroy J. Scott , Neve Paul , Neto Célia , Vila-Aiub Martin M. , Sandoval Maria Victoria , Menéndez Analia I. , Kreiner Julia M. , Fan Longjiang , Caicedo Ana L. , Maughan Peter J. , Martins Bianca Assis Barbosa , Mika Jagoda , Collavo Alberto , Merotto Aldo , Subramanian Nithya K. , Bagavathiannan Muthukumar V. , Cutti Luan , Islam Md. Mazharul , Gill Bikram S , Cicchillo Robert , Gast Roger , Soni Neeta , Wright Terry R. , Zastrow-Hayes Gina , May Gregory , Malone Jenna M. , Sehgal Deepmala , Kaundun Shiv Shankhar , Dale Richard P. , Vorster Barend Juan , Peters Bodo , Lerchl Jens , Tranel Patrick J. , Beffa Roland , Fournier-Level Alexandre , Jugulam Mithila , Fengler Kevin , Llaca Victor , Patterson Eric L. , Gaines Todd 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe International Weed Genomics Consortium is a collaborative group of researchers focused on developing genomic resources for the study of weedy plants. Weeds are attractive systems for basic and applied research due to their impacts on agricultural systems and capacity to swiftly adapt in response to anthropogenic selection pressures. Our goal is to use genomic information to develop sustainable and effective weed control methods and to provide insights about biotic and abiotic stress tolerance to assist crop breeding. Here, we outline resources under development by the consortium and highlight areas of research that will be impacted by these enabling resources.
Factors and mediators impacting the number of undergraduate research mentees at a research-intensive Hispanic-serving institution
Authors: Monarrez Angelica , Echegoyen Lourdes , Morales Danielle , Seira Diego , Ramirez Maria Aleida , Wagler Amy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEngaging in undergraduate research experiences is known to have broad and positive impacts on college students. Despite the benefits, achieving faculty buy-in and support can be challenging even when faculty have strong research funding. In order to understand how to better support undergraduate research programs, we applied quantitative models to explore how the impact of research funding is mediated by faculty beliefs about undergraduate research mentoring in STEM disciplines. The results indicate that faculty characteristics and beliefs about the benefits and barriers of mentoring undergraduate students in research impact the number of students mentored even when accounting for research funding levels of the individual faculty. Practical recommendations are presented based on the models from this research project in order to provide insight into how centers or units on a campus may work with faculty to support and encourage mentoring of undergraduates in research in the biomedical sciences.
Coupling remote sensing and eDNA to monitor environmental impact: A pilot to quantify the environmental benefits of sustainable agriculture in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Dyson Karen , Nicolau Andréa P. , Tenneson Karis , Francesconi Wendy , Daniels Amy , Andrich Giulia , Caldas Bernardo , Castaño Silvia , de Campos Nathanael , Dilger John , Guidotti Vinicius , Jaques Iara , McCullough Ian M. , McDevitt Allan D. , Molina Luis , Nekorchuk Dawn M. , Newberry Tom , Pereira Cristiano Lima , Perez Jorge , Richards-Dimitrie Teal , Rivera Ovidio , Rodriguez Beatriz , Sales Naiara , Tello Jhon , Wespestad Crystal , Zutta Brian , Saah David 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTMonitoring is essential to ensure that environmental goals are being achieved, including those of sustainable agriculture. Growing interest in environmental monitoring provides an opportunity to improve monitoring practices. Approaches that directly monitor land cover change and biodiversity annually by coupling the wall-to-wall coverage from remote sensing and the site-specific community composition from environmental DNA (eDNA) can provide timely, relevant results for parties interested in the success of sustainable agricultural practices. To ensure that the measured impacts are due to the environmental projects and not exogenous factors, sites where projects have been implemented should be benchmarked against counterfactuals (no project) and control (natural habitat) sites. Results can then be used to calculate diverse sets of indicators customized to monitor different projects. Here, we report on our experience developing and applying one such approach to assess the impact of shaded cocoa projects implemented by the Instituto de Manejo e Certificação Florestal e Agrícola (IMAFLORA) near São Félix do Xingu, in Pará, Brazil. We used the Continuous Degradation Detection (CODED) and LandTrendr algorithms to create a remote sensing-based assessment of forest disturbance and regeneration, estimate carbon sequestration, and changes in essential habitats. We coupled these remote sensing methods with eDNA analyses using arthropod-targeted primers by collecting soil samples from intervention and counterfactual pasture field sites and a control secondary forest. We used a custom set of indicators from the pilot application of a coupled monitoring framework called TerraBio. Our results suggest that, due to IMAFLORA’s shaded cocoa projects, over 400 acres were restored in the intervention area and the community composition of arthropods in shaded cocoa is closer to second-growth forests than that of pastures. In reviewing the coupled approach, we found multiple aspects worked well, and we conclude by presenting multiple lessons learned.
CryoEM insights into RNA primer synthesis by the human primosome
Authors: Yin Zhan , Kilkenny Mairi L. , Ker De-Sheng , Pellegrini Luca 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTEukaryotic DNA replication depends on the primosome – a complex of DNA polymerase alpha (Pol α) and primase – to initiate DNA synthesis by polymerisation of an RNA - DNA primer. Primer synthesis requires the tight coordination of primase and polymerase activities. Recent cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) analyses have elucidated the extensive conformational transitions required for RNA primer handover between primase and Pol α and primer elongation by Pol α. Because of the intrinsic flexibility of the primosome however, structural information about the initiation of RNA primer synthesis is still lacking. Here, we capture cryoEM snapshots of the priming reaction to reveal the conformational trajectory of the human primosome that brings the PRIM1 and PRIM2 subunits of primase together, poised for RNA synthesis. Furthermore, we provide experimental evidence for the continuous association of primase subunit PRIM2 with the RNA primer during primer synthesis and for how both initiation and termination of RNA primer polymerisation are licensed by specific rearrangements of POLA1, the polymerase subunit of Pol α. Our findings fill a critical gap in our understanding of the conformational changes that underpin the synthesis of the RNA primer by the primosome. Together with existing evidence, they provide a complete description of the structural dynamics of the human primosome during DNA replication initiation.
The Build and Bond: a team exercise
Authors: Wyland Rebecca L. , Hanson-Rasmussen Nancy J. , Gullifor Daniel P. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present The Build and Bond, an experiential exercise which engages student teams while they apply team dynamics, enhance team skills and foster team member interpersonal bonds.

Design/methodology/approach
During The Build and Bond, teams design and execute their own team-building activity. Specifically, teams set goals, generate ideas, make decisions, create a team-building activity, develop implementation plans and ultimately execute the activity. Finally, during an all-class debrief discussion, teams describe their team-building activities, connect their experiences to the learning objectives and reflect on how these lessons can be applied in future team experiences. Pretest and posttest surveys were used to determine if participants perceived increases in team performance and cohesion following The Build and Bond.

Findings
All teams reported that their activity added value, was preferred over an instructor-assigned team-building activity and improved team states. Findings from t-tests supported an improvement in team performance and cohesion.

Social implications
The Build and Bond is designed to help students feel more equipped to communicate, have fun and work interdependently with current and future team members.

Originality/value
Teams design the team-building activity themselves, so members are often more interested in participating and engaging during the team-building activity.
Pregnancy outcomes in preterm multiple gestations: Results from a prospective study in India and Pakistan (PURPOSe)
Authors: Guruprasad Gowdar , Raghoji Chaitali R. , Dhaded Sangappa M. , Tikmani Shiyam Sunder , Saleem Sarah , Goudar Shivaprasad S. , Hwang Kay , Yogeshkumar S. , Somannavar Manjunath S. , Reza Sayyeda , Yasmin Haleema , Moore Janet L. , Bann Carla M. , McClure Elizabeth M. , Goldenberg Robert L. ,   the PURPOSe Study Group
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate perinatal outcomes in preterm multiple compared with singleton pregnancies in India and Pakistan.DesignProspective, observational study.SettingsStudy hospitals in India and Pakistan.PopulationWe evaluated 3897 preterm pregnancies. These mothers gave birth to 3615 (92.8%) singleton infants, 267 (6.8%) sets of twins, 14 (0.4%) sets of triplets and one set of quadruplets.Main outcome measuresNeonatal mortality, stillbirth, cause of death.ResultsOf the singleton infants, 691 (19.1%) were stillborn and 2924 (80.9%) live born. Of the 534 infants from twin pregnancies, 41 (7.7%) were stillborn and 493 (92.3%) were live born. Of the 267 sets of twins, in 14 cases (5.2%) both were stillborn, in 13 cases (4.8%) one was stillborn and one live born, and in 240 cases (90.0%) both were live born. In both preterm twins and preterm singletons, the three most common causes of death were intrauterine hypoxia, infections acquired prior to birth and infections acquired at or after birth. The preterm twins appeared less likely to have died from intrauterine hypoxia but more likely to have died from infections acquired at or after birth. Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was less likely considered by the panel to be the primary cause of death in either the twins (9.6%) or singletons (9.7%). Congenital anomalies were also not often judged to be the cause of death in either the preterm twins 2 (2.4%) or singletons 27 (5.3%).ConclusionIn the PURPOSe study, neonatal mortality rates in preterm twins compared with singletons when evaluated by sex, GA, birthweight and SGA, were generally similar to rates of preterm singleton neonatal mortality in those groups. Thus, the higher rate of mortality in live‐born twin infants is related to the fact that these infants were more likely to be born earlier rather than to any inherent characteristics of the babies themselves.
Both host and diet shape bacterial communities of predatory mites
Authors: Yan Hong , Wang Endong , Wei Guo‐Shu , Zhang Bo , Xu Xuenong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMicrobial communities, derived from food, ambient, and inner, can affect host ecological adaption and evolution. Comparing with most phytophagous arthropods, predators may have more opportunities to develop specific microbiota depending on the level of prey specialization. To explore how diet sources affect host microbial communities and vary across predator species, we considered 3 types of predators from Phytoseiidae (Acari: Mesostigmata): polyphagous (Amblyseius orientalis Ehara, Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes, and Amblyseius swirskii Athias‐Henrio), oligophagous (Neoseiulus californicus McGregor), and monophagous (Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias‐Henriot) predatory mites. The polyphagous species were fed on 2 types of diets, natural prey and alternative prey. By using 16S rRNA sequencing, we found that diet was the main source of microbiota in predatory mites, while there was no clear pattern affected by prey specialization. Among 3 polyphagous predators, host species had a larger impact than prey on microbial composition. Unlike A. orientalis or N. barkeri which showed consistency in their microbiota, prey switching significantly affected β‐diversity of bacterial composition in A. swirskii, with 56% of the microbial alteration. In short, our results confirmed the substantial influence of diet on host microbial construction in predatory species, and highlighted species differences in shaping the microbiota which are not necessarily related to prey specialization.
Physical health and neurodevelopmental outcome in 7‐year‐old children whose mothers were at risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a follow‐up of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kolseth Åshild Jensen , Kulseth Signe , Stafne Signe Nilssen , Mørkved Siv , Salvesen Kjell Åsmund , Evensen Kari Anne I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionChildren born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at risk of metabolic disturbances such as diabetes mellitus and overweight. However, few have examined the outcome of children whose mothers were at risk of GDM. The aim of the study was to investigate how mothers’ risk of developing GDM affects physical health and neurodevelopment of the children at 7 years of age.Material and methodsThis is a secondary analysis of a follow‐up study of a multicenter randomized controlled trial including 855 pregnant women, carried out at St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, and Stavanger University Hospital in Norway from 2007 to 2009. Risk factors for developing GDM included age >40 years, diabetes in near family, previous child with birthweight ≥4500 g and pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2. Data on GDM risk factors were available for 750 women, who were divided into a risk group if they had one or more risk factors for developing GDM (n = 238) and a no risk (n = 512) group. At 7 years of age, 72 children born to mothers in the risk group and 194 children born to mothers in the no risk group participated. The children's height, weight and physical activity were reported by their parents. Neurodevelopmental outcomes were assessed by using the Five‐to‐Fifteen questionnaire, which includes motor skills, executive functions, perception, memory, language, social skills, and emotional/behavioral problems.ResultsMost women had only one risk factor for GDM, and pre‐pregnancy overweight was the most prevalent risk factor. Children of mothers in the risk group had higher birthweight and length. At the 7‐year follow‐up, they had a higher weight and BMI, and the odds ratio of being overweight was 3.0 (95% confidence interval 1.1–8.3). There was no group difference in the children's physical activity and their neurodevelopmental outcomes were similar.ConclusionsWe found higher BMI and increased risk of overweight in children born to mothers with one or more risk factors for developing GDM. A focus on preventing pre‐pregnancy overweight should be encouraged.
Petrographic constraints on the formation of silica‐rich igneous rims around chondrules in CR chondrites
Authors: Smith Aimee , Jones Rhian H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the CR (Renazzo‐like) chondrite group, many chondrules have successive igneous rim (IR) layers, with an outer layer that contains a silica mineral and/or silica‐rich glass (silica‐rich igneous rims, SIRs). Models for SIR formation include (1) accretion of Si‐rich dust onto solid chondrule surfaces, followed by heating and cooling and (2) condensation of SiO(gas) onto the surface of partially molten chondrules. We evaluate these models, based on a petrographic study of five Antarctic CR chondrites that have undergone minimal secondary alteration. We obtained electron microprobe analyses of minerals and glass with quantitative wavelength‐dispersive spectroscopy mapping, and identified silica polymorphs with Raman spectroscopy. Common SIRs contain silica, low‐Ca pyroxene, Ca‐rich pyroxene, Fe,Ni metal, ± glass ± plagioclase ± rare olivine. We also describe near‐monomineralic SIRs where a narrow zone of cristobalite occurs at the outer edge of the chondrule. All crystalline silica is cristobalite, except for one SIR that consists of tridymite. Some rims contain silica‐rich glass (>80 wt% SiO2) but no silica mineral. Features such as sharp interfaces and compositional boundaries between chondrules and SIRs indicate that SIRs were formed from solid precursors. Consideration of the stability fields of silica polymorphs and computed liquidus temperatures indicates that SIRs were heated to >1500°C for limited time periods, followed by rapid cooling, similar to conditions for chondrule formation. We infer that in the CR chondrule formation region, the same heating mechanism was repeated multiple times while the chemical composition of the nebular gas evolved to highly fractionated silica‐rich compositions.