bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fourth dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine following 12 different three-dose regimens: Safety and immunogenicity to Omicron BA.4/BA.5
Authors: Kanokudom Sitthichai , Chansaenroj Jira , Suntronwong Nungruthai , Assawakosri Suvichada , Yorsaeng Ritthideach , Nilyanimit Pornjarim , Aeemjinda Ratchadawan , Khanarat Nongkanok , Vichaiwattana Preeyaporn , Klinfueng Sirapa , Thongmee Thanunrat , Srimuan Donchida , Thatsanatorn Thaksaporn , Sudhinaraset Natthinee , Wanlapakorn Nasamon , Honsawek Sittisak , Poovorawan Yong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of the fourth dose using mRNA vaccines after different three-dose regimens and to compare the 30 µg BNT162b2 and 50 µg mRNA-1273 vaccines.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted between June and October 2022. The self-recorded reactogenicity was evaluated on the subsequent 7 days after a fourth dose. Binding and neutralizing activity of antibodies against the Omicron BA.4/5 variants were determined.ResultsOverall, 292 healthy adults were enrolled and received BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. Reactogenicity was mild to moderate and well-tolerated after a few days. Sixty-five individuals were excluded. Thus, 227 eligible individuals received a fourth booster dose of BNT162b2 (n=109) and mRNA-1273 (n=118). Most participants, regardless the type of previous three dose regimens, elicited a significantly high level of binding antibodies and neutralizing activity against the Omicron BA.4/5 28 days after a fourth dose. The neutralizing activity against the Omicron BA.4/5 between the BNT162b2 (82.8%) and mRNA-1273 (84.2%) groups was comparable with a median ratio of 1.02.ConclusionThis study found that the BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccines can be used as a fourth booster dose for individuals who were previously immunized with any prior mix and match three dose COVID-19 vaccine.
Emergency care interventions for pediatric severe acute respiratory infections in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Relan Pryanka , Garbern Stephanie Chow , O’Reilly Gerard , Bills Corey B , Schultz Megan , Kivlehan Sean , Trehan Indi , Becker Torben K 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundSevere acute respiratory infections (SARIs) are the leading cause of pediatric death globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the potential rapid clinical decompensation and high mortality rate from SARIs, interventions that facilitate the early care of patients are critical to improving patient outcomes. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the impact of emergency care interventions on improving clinical outcomes of pediatric patients with SARIs in LMICs.MethodsPubMed, Global Health, and Global Index Medicus electronic databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed clinical trials or studies with comparator groups published before November 2020. All studies which evaluated acute and emergency care interventions on clinical outcomes for children (29 days to 19 years) with SARIs conducted in LMICs were included. Given the heterogeneity of interventions and outcomes, a narrative synthesis was performed. Bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias 2 and Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions.Results20,583 studies were screened, with 99 meeting criteria for final inclusion. The most common conditions studied were pneumonia or acute lower respiratory infection (61.6%) and bronchiolitis (29.3%). The majority of studies evaluated medications (80.8%), followed by respiratory support (14.1%) and supportive care (5%). The strongest evidence of benefit was found for respiratory support interventions such as improved medical oxygen systems to decrease risk of death. Results were notably inconclusive on the utility of continuus positive airway pressure (CPAP). Mixed results were found for interventions for bronchiolitis, although possible benefit was found for hypertonic nebulized saline to decrease hospital length of stay. Early use of adjuvant treatments such as Vitamin A, D, and zinc for pneumonia and bronchiolitis did not appear to have convincing evidence of benefit on clinical outcomes.ConclusionsWhile the burden of SARI in pediatric populations is high, few emergency care (EC) interventions have high quality evidence for benefit on clinical outcomes in LMICs. Respiratory support interventions have the strongest evidence for decreasing hospital length of stay and mortality and improvement of clinical status. Further research on the use of CPAP in diverse settings and populations is needed. A stronger evidence base for EC interventions for children with SARI, including metrics on the timing of interventions, is greatly needed.
Effects of low versus high inspired oxygen fraction on myocardial injury after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Cho Youn Joung , Hyeon Cheun , Nam Karam , Lee Seohee , Ju Jae-Woo , Kang Jeehoon , Han Jung-Kyu , Kim Hyo-Soo , Jeon Yunseok 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundOxygen therapy is used in various clinical situation, but its clinical outcomes are inconsistent. The relationship between the fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and clinical outcomes has not been well studied. We investigated the association of FIO2(low vs. high) and myocardial injury in patients undergoing TAVI.MethodsAdults undergoing transfemoral TAVI under general anesthesia were randomly assigned to receive FIO20.3 or 0.8 during procedure. The primary outcome was the area under the curve (AUC) for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) during the first 72 h following TAVI. Secondary outcomes included the AUC for postprocedural creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB), acute kidney injury and recovery, conduction abnormalities, pacemaker implantation, stroke, myocardial infarction, and in-hospital mortality.ResultsBetween October 2017 and April 2022, 72 patients were randomized and 62 were included in the final analysis (n=31 per group). The median (IQR) AUC for hs-cTnI in the first 72 h was 42.66 (24.82–65.44) and 71.96 (35.38–116.34) h·ng/mL in the FIO20.3 and 0.8 groups, respectively (p=0.066). The AUC for CK-MB in the first 72 h was 257.6 (155.6–322.0) and 342.2 (195.4–485.2) h·ng/mL in the FIO20.3 and 0.8 groups, respectively (p=0.132). Acute kidney recovery, defined as an increase in the estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 25% of baseline in 48 h, was more common in the FIO20.3 group (65% vs. 39%, p=0.042). Other clinical outcomes were comparable between the groups.ConclusionsThe FIO2level did not have a significant effect on periprocedural myocardial injury following TAVI. However, considering the marginal results, a benefit of low FIO2during TAVI could not be ruled out.
Prediction of in-hospital mortality among intensive care unit patients using modified daily Laboratory-based Acute Physiology Scores, version 2 (LAPS2)
Authors: Kohn Rachel , Weissman Gary E. , Wang Wei , Ingraham Nicholas E. , Scott Stefania , Bayes Brian , Anesi George L. , Halpern Scott D. , Kipnis Patricia , Liu Vincent X. , Dudley R. Adams , Kerlin Meeta Prasad 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundMortality prediction for intensive care unit (ICU) patients frequently relies on single acuity measures based on ICU admission physiology without accounting for subsequent clinical changes.ObjectivesEvaluate novel models incorporating modified admission and daily, time-updating Laboratory-based Acute Physiology Scores, version 2 (LAPS2) to predict in-hospital mortality among ICU patients.Research designRetrospective cohort study.SubjectsAll ICU patients in five hospitals from October 2017 through September 2019.MeasuresWe used logistic regression, penalized logistic regression, and random forest models to predict in-hospital mortality within 30 days of ICU admission using admission LAPS2 alone in patient-level and patient-day-level models, or admission and daily LAPS2 at the patient-day level. Multivariable models included patient and admission characteristics. We performed internal-external validation using four hospitals for training and the fifth for validation, repeating analyses for each hospital as the validation set. We assessed performance using scaled Brier scores (SBS), c-statistics, and calibration plots.ResultsThe cohort included 13,993 patients and 120,101 ICU days. The patient-level model including the modified admission LAPS2 without daily LAPS2 had an SBS of 0.175 (95% CI 0.148-0.201) and c-statistic of 0.824 (95% CI 0.808-0.840). Patient-day-level models including daily LAPS2 consistently outperformed models with modified admission LAPS2 alone. Among patients with <50% predicted mortality, daily models were better calibrated than models with modified admission LAPS2 alone.ConclusionsModels incorporating daily, time-updating LAPS2 to predict mortality among an ICU population perform as well or better than models incorporating modified admission LAPS2 alone.
TReSR: A PCR-compatible DNA sequence design method for engineering proteins containing tandem repeats
Authors: Davey James A , Goto Natalie K 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTProtein tandem repeats (TRs) are motifs comprised of near-identical contiguous sequence duplications. They are found in approximately 14% of all proteins and are implicated in diverse biological functions facilitating both structured and disordered protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions. These functionalities make protein TR domains an attractive component for the modular design of protein constructs. However, the repetitive nature of DNA sequences encoding TR motifs complicates their synthesis and mutagenesis by traditional molecular biology workflows commonly employed by protein engineers and synthetic biologists. To address this challenge, we developed a computational protocol to significantly reduce the complementarity of DNA sequences encoding TRs called TReSR (forTandemRepeat DNASequenceRedesign). The utility of TReSR was demonstrated by constructing a novel constitutive repressor synthesized by duplicating the LacI DNA binding domain into a single-chain TR construct by assembly PCR. Repressor function was evaluated by expression of a fluorescent reporter delivered on a single plasmid encoding a three-component genetic circuit. The successful application of TReSR to construct a novel TR-containing repressor with a DNA sequence that is amenable to PCR-based construction and manipulation will enable the incorporation of a wide range of TR-containing proteins for protein engineering and synthetic biology applications.
The inflammatory and tumor suppressor SAMD9L acts through a Schlafen-like box to restrict HIV and inhibit cell translation in SAAD/ATXPC
Authors: Legrand Alexandre , Dahoui Clara , De La Myre Mory Clément , Loyer Clara , Noy Kodie , Guiguettaz Laura , Pillon Margaux , Wcislo Mégane , Guéguen Laurent , Cimarelli Andrea , Mateo Mathieu , Fiorini Francesca , Ricci Emiliano , Etienne Lucie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSterile alpha motif domain-containing proteins 9 and 9L (SAMD9/9L) are associated with life-threatening genetic diseases and are restriction factors of poxviruses. Yet, their cellular function and the extent of their antiviral role are poorly known. Here, we found that interferon-stimulated SAMD9L, and not SAMD9, restricts HIV-1 replication at the translation step, with a strong inhibition of Transmitted/Founder HIV-1 patient strains. More broadly, SAMD9L restricts primate lentiviruses, but not another retrovirus (MLV) or two ssRNA viruses (MOPV, VSV). Using structural modeling and mutagenesis of SAMD9L, we identified a Schlafen(SLFN)-like active site necessary for HIV-1 restriction. By testing a germline gain-of-function variant from patients with SAMD9L-associated autoinflammatory disease (SAAD) and ataxia-pancytopenia (ATXPC), we determined that SAMD9L cellular and pathogenic functions also depend on the SLFN-like active site. Finally, we propose a model in which SAMD9L translational repression could be dependent on codon-usage, linking its cellular function and the virus-specific innate immunity. The identification of another Achille’s heel of HIV, as well as the inflammatory SAMD9L effector and auto-regulatory determinants, provide novel avenues against infectious and genetic diseases.Significance statementThis study identifies SAMD9L as a potent HIV-1 antiviral factor from the interferon immunity and deciphers the host determinants underlying SAMD9L translational repression. The characterization of SAMD9L activity and determinants is also of medical importance for patients with rare genetic diseases bearing deleterious mutations in SAMD9L or with specific cancers. We demonstrate that a pathogenic SAMD9L patient’s variant is inactivated by the mutation of an identified active site in a SLFN-like box, resulting in an abolished translational shutdown. Furthermore, we describe SAMD9L, but not SAMD9, as an antiviral factor of HIV and lentiviruses, through a translational repression mediated by the SLFN-like box and potentially dependent on codon usage. These findings may have implications to better fight against HIV/AIDS as well as SAAD/ATXPC.Key findings-SAMD9L, but not SAMD9, restricts HIV-1, including Transmitted/Founder patient strains.-SAMD9L broadly restricts primate lentiviruses, but not the retrovirus MLV, nor two ssRNA viruses, the Rhabdovirus VSV and the Arenavirus MOPV.-SAMD9L inhibits viral and cellular translation through an essential E198/D243 active site in a SLFN-like box.-The SAMD9L-associated autoinflammatory disease (SAAD) F886Lfs*11 variant has enhanced HIV translational repression, unveiling an autoregulatory domain of the anti-lentiviral function.
Cystine/glutamate antiporter system Xc-deficiency impairs insulin secretion
Authors: de Baat Axel , Meier Daniel T , Rachid Leila , Fontana Adriano , Böni-Schnetzler Marianne , Donath Marc Y 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSystem Xc-, encoded bySlc7a11, is an antiporter that exports glutamate and imports cystine. Cystine is used for protein synthesis and incorporation in thiol peptides such as glutathione, which function as cofactors for reactive oxygen species scavenging enzymes. Glutamate export by astrocytes through system Xc-has been implicated in excitotoxicity, a form of neurotoxicity that has been postulated to also occur in insulin-producing beta-cells in the pancreatic islets. This study describes the implications ofSlc7a11deficiency on glucose metabolism in both constitutive and myeloid cells-specific knockout mice. ConstitutiveSlc7a11deficiency leads to drastically lowered glutathione levels in the pancreatic islets and immune cells in addition to diminished insulin secretion bothin vitroandin vivo. Macrophage-specific deletion did not have a significant impact on metabolism or islet function. These findings suggest that system Xc-is required for glutathione maintenance and insulin production in beta-cells, but is dispensable for islet macrophage function.
Prevalence of depression and its association with health-related quality of life in people with heart failure in low- and middle-income countries: a protocol for systematic review
Authors: Mulugeta Henok , Sinclair Peter M. , Wilson Amanda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure is a serious clinical burden with variety of physical and emotional symptoms such as fatigue, reduced functional capacity, edema, dyspnea and depression. These symptoms limit patients’ daily physical and social activities, which reduce their health-related quality of life. The objective of this systematic review is to estimate the prevalence of depression and its association with HRQoL in people living with heart failure in LMICs.MethodsThe primary outcome is the prevalence of depression in people with heart failure. The secondary outcome is association of depression with health-related quality of life. Comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and JBI EBP databases will be conducted to identify relevant studies. The methodological quality of each article will be assessed using a JBI critical appraisal instruments. A random-effects model using the DerSimonian and Laird method will be employed to estimate the regional prevalence. Heterogeneity across the studies will be assessed by Cochrane Q test and I2statistic. A funnel plot and Egger’ s test will be used for assessing publication bias. This protocol is developed in accordance with the JBI methodology for systematic reviews. All statistical analyses will be performed using STATA version 17 software. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines 2020 will be followed for reporting the results.DiscussionThis systematic review will provide up-to-date high-quality evidence on the impact of depression and inform healthcare policymakers on effective ways to improve care for this population in LMICs. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42022361759.
Competition of interactions and a new high-temperature phase of selenourea
Authors: Roszak Kinga , Katrusiak Andrzej 
Published: January 2023

The aggregation of molecules is usually associated with a specific type of interaction, which can be altered by thermodynamic conditions. Under normal conditions, the crystal structure of selenourea, SeC(NH2)2, phase α is trigonal, space group P31, Z = 27. Its large number of independent molecules (Z
α′ = 9) can be associated with the formation of an NH...N hydrogen bond substituting one of 36 independent NH...Se hydrogen bonds, which prevail among intermolecular interactions. Phase α approximates the trigonal structure with a threefold smaller unit cell (Z = 9), which in turn approximates another still threefold smaller unit cell (Z = 3). The temperature-induced transformations of selenourea have been characterized by calorimetry and by performing 21 single-crystal X-ray diffraction structural determinations as a function of temperature. At 381.0 K, phase α undergoes a first-order displacive transition to phase γ, with space group P3121 and Z reduced to 9, when the NH...N bond is broken and an NH...Se bond is formed in its place. Previously, an analogous competition was observed between NH...N and NH...O hydrogen bonds in high-pressure phase III of urea. The lattice vectors along the (001) plane in low- and high-temperature phases of selenourea are related by a similarity rule, while the lattice dimensions along direction c are not affected. This similarity rule also applies to the structures of phase γ and hypothetical phase δ (Z = 3). The thermally controlled transition between enantiomorphic phases of selenourea contrasts with its high-pressure transition at 0.21 GPa to a centrosymmetric phase β, where both the NH...Se and NH...N bonds are present. The compression and heating reduce the number of independent molecules from Z′ = 9 in phase α, to Z′ = 2 in phase β and to Z′ = 1.5 in phase γ.
Removal efficiency prediction model based on the artificial neural network for pollution prevention in wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Alnajjar Hussein Y.H. , Üçüncü Osman 
Published: January 2023

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) models are demonstrating day by day that they can find long-term solutions to improve wastewater treatment efficiency. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are one of the most important of these models, and they are increasingly being used to forecast water resource variables. The goal of this study was to create an ANN model to estimate the removal efficiency of biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total suspended solids (TSS) at the effluent of various primary and secondary treatment methods in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP).Design/methodology/approachThe MATLAB App Designer model was used to generate the data set. Various combinations of wastewater quality data, such as temperature(T), TN, TP and hydraulic retention time (HRT) are used as inputs into the ANN to assess the degree of effect of each of these variables on BOD, TN, TP and TSS removal efficiency. Two of the models reflect two different types of primary treatment, while the other nine models represent different types of subsequent treatment. The ANN model’s findings are compared to the MATLAB App Designer model. For evaluating model performance, mean square error (MSE) and coefficient of determination statistics (R2) are utilized as comparative metrics.FindingsFor both training and testing, the R values for the ANN models were greater than 0.99. Based on the comparisons, it was discovered that the ANN model can be used to estimate the removal efficiency of BOD, TN, TP and TSS in WWTP and that the ANN model produces very similar and satisfying results to the APPDESIGNER model. The R-value (Correlation coefficient) of 0.9909 and the MSE of 5.962 indicate that the model is accurate. Because of the many benefits of the ANN models used in this study, it has a lot of potential as a general modeling tool for a range of other complicated process systems that are difficult to solve using conventional modeling techniques.Originality/valueThe objective of this study was to develop an ANN model that could be used to estimate the removal efficiency of pollutants such as BOD, TN, TP and TSS at the effluent of various primary and secondary treatment methods in a WWTP. In the future, the ANN could be used to design a new WWTP and forecast the removal efficiency of pollutants.
Food safety communication in YouTube video recipes
Authors: Melville Naomi , Fairchild Ruth , Evans Ellen W. 
Published: January 2023

PurposeGiven the popularity of online video recipes, the purpose of this study was to explore the potential communication of food safety malpractices in YouTube video recipes.Design/methodology/approachContent analysis of purposively sampled, high-risk chicken salad video recipes (n = 38) using an observational checklist was undertaken. The checklist was based upon the requirements of the Partnership for Food Safety Education “Safe Recipe Style Guide”, which was annotated with visual and verbal communication of food safety practices being “best practice”, “inadequate” or “absent”.FindingsNone of the observed video recipes showed visual handwashing at the start of the recipe. Furthermore, there was a distinct lack of visual communication of handwashing during the video recipes.Research limitations/implicationsThe lack of visual and verbal food safety communications within video recipes indicates a failure to adequately inform consumers of risks and safeguarding practices.Originality/valuePrevious research has focussed on communication of food safety practices in broadcasted television cookery programmes and published recipe books; this research extends consumer foods safety research to include resources commonly used by consumers to obtain meal inspiration. To date, this is the first study that has utilised the “Safe recipe style guide” as a tool to assess inclusion of food safety messages.