bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circularly polarized luminescence of helicenes: A data‐informed insight
Authors: Cei Matteo , Di Bari Lorenzo , Zinna Francesco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHelicenes are an interesting scaffold for chiroptical properties and in particular circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). In this short review, we collect the luminescence (glum) and absorption (gabs) dissymmetry factors associated to the first Cotton effect of the electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum. Considering the data for 170 [n]‐helicenes (n = 4–11), overall we found reasonable correlations between glum and gabs. Despite a few notable exceptions, this would confirm a similarity in the stereochemistry of the ground and emitting excited states for most helicenes. These results may be useful in rationalizing chiroptical data and help chemists in designing new helicene structures with the desired CPL properties.
A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Parallel Design Thorough QT Study With a Nested Crossover to Compare the Cardiac Safety of Amiselimod With Placebo and Positive Control in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Lee Jimin , Lester Robert , O'Reilly Terry , Lowe Ezra R. , Slatkin Neal E. , Franklin Howard , Israel Robert J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis double‐blind study evaluated the cardiac safety of amiselimod. Healthy adults (n = 190) were randomized (2:1:1) to receive (1) oral placebo (day −1), followed by oral amiselimod (days 1–26), which was upwardly titrated from 0.4 to 1.6 mg once daily to achieve steady‐state concentrations comparable with 0.4 (therapeutic) and 0.8 mg (supratherapeutic) once daily, and placebo (day 27); (2) placebo (day −1), oral moxifloxacin 400 mg (day 1; positive control), followed by placebo (days 1–27); or (3) placebo (days −1 to 26), followed by moxifloxacin 400 mg (day 27). No participant had a corrected QT interval by Fredericia (QTcF) >500 milliseconds or a change from baseline (dQTcF) >60 milliseconds. The upper limits of the 90%CIs for the differences in least‐squares mean difference in dQTcF between amiselimod and placebo on days 13 and 26 were <10 milliseconds. Area under the concentration‐time curve from 0 to 23.5 hours after dosing and maximum plasma concentration of amiselimod and amiselimod‐P (active metabolite) at steady‐state concentrations for the 0.8‐mg dose on day 26 were approximately double that observed with the 0.4‐mg dose on day 13. All adverse events were mild to moderate in severity, and no deaths occurred. Amiselimod did not have any clinically relevant effect on the QTcF interval.
Impacts of ozone stress on stem lodging characteristics of different indica and japonica rice cultivars
Authors: Shao Zaisheng , Zhang Yanliu , Hu Shaowu , Gao Bo , Jing Liquan , Wang Yunxia , Wang Yulong , Yang Lianxin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOzone (O3) stress inhibits rice growth and development, resulting in yield loss and poor quality. However, the effect of ozone stress on the lodging resistance of rice stems has scarcely been reported. In this study, three indica rice cultivars and three modern japonica rice cultivars were treated with high O3 concentration (100 ppb) while a gas fumigation platform was used in the indoor control (about 10 ppb). The influence of O3 stress on lodging resistance was investigated in 2016 and 2017. Ozone stress reduced the in situ pushing resistance of intact plants by 40% and single stems by 32.0%. The breaking resistance of the third, fourth, and fifth internodes from the top of the rice stem was, respectively, reduced by 24.0%, 25.1%, and 33.6%, on average. The O3‐induced reduction in the basal internode morphological characteristics was associated with the reduced cross‐sectional area, maximum and minimum stem diameter, dry weight per unit length, length, dry weight, and culm wall thickness. Among these characteristics, the largest reduction was exhibited by internode dry weight (−43.1%), while the lowest reduction was observed for culm wall thickness (−9.7%). The O3 induced a significantly higher reduction in basal internode characteristics of indica compared with the japonica rice, with a larger effect in the lower internode than the upper internode, indicating a significant interaction between O3 and rice cultivar and internode position. Statistical analysis revealed a significant positive linear correlation between the response of in situ pushing resistance of rice under O3 stress and the response of basal internode breaking resistance, cross‐sectional area, and dry weight per unit length. Ozone stress significantly reduced the lodging resistance in the rice stem, which is primarily associated with the thinning and poor filling of the basal internodes, and the O3 impacts varied with cultivars and internode positions, but were similar between the two years. These results provide a scientific reference for the study of lodging resistance regulation of rice under high O3 concentrations.
Modification of a machine learning‐based semi‐empirical turbulent transport model for its versatility
Authors: Narita Emi , Honda Mitsuru , Nakata Motoki , Hayashi Nobuhiko , Nakayama Tomonari , Yoshida Maiko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA machine learning‐based semi‐empirical turbulent transport model DeKANIS has been modified to apply it independently of the device. DeKANIS predicts particle and heat fluxes, distinguishing diffusive and non‐diffusive transport processes. DeKANIS consists of a neural network (NN) model, which computes coefficients of the non‐diffusive terms and the ratio of the fluxes based on the gyrokinetic calculations, and a scaling formula, which estimates the turbulent saturation level founded on empirical fluxes. The datasets used for NN training have been prepared based on JT‐60U plasmas so far, but by exploiting JET plasmas, the datasets have been expanded and the parameter ranges covered by the NN models have become wider. The scaling formula has been rebuilt considering the decrease in the residual zonal flow level due to collisions. The new DeKANIS has demonstrated a reasonable profile prediction of an ITER plasma in the pre‐fusion power operation 1 phase with an integrated model GOTRESS+. In validating the prediction results with the gyrokinetic calculations, transport processes causing the fluxes have been exhibited.
An optimized device‐to‐device (D2D) blockchain network for the insurance industry
Authors: Bilgehan Bülent , Sabuncu Özlem 
Published: January 2023

SummaryBlockchain, a popular technology, remains the decentralized data management framework approved for use by many industries. The application to the insurance industry needs to offer mobility using the wireless network. The wireless network has many limitations to overcome. This paper focuses on such problems and introduces three levels of a solution to the problem. The first level is resolved using the edge computers as storage at the agencies and the partners. The second level of economic operation is solved by introducing a D2D network solution. The third level of high transactions over the network is considered using a two‐stage optimization method. The introduced optimization algorithms are simulated, and results are compared with a classical step‐by‐step calculation method that is not feasible under real‐time application. The optimization methods successfully determine the maximum channel rate with the interferences influencing the operation of such a system.
Tidal channel meanders serve as stepping‐stones to facilitate cordgrass landward spread by creating invasion windows
Authors: Ning Zhonghua , Cui Baoshan , Chen Cong , Xie Tian , Gao Weilun , Zhang Youzheng , Zhu Zhenchang , Shao Dongdong , Li Dongxue , Bai Junhong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms by which the geomorphic structures affect habitat invasibility by mediating various abiotic and biotic factors is essential for predicting whether these geomorphic structures may provide spatial windows of opportunity to facilitate range‐expansion of invasive species in salt marshes. Many studies have linked geomorphic landscape features such as tidal channels to invasion by exotic plants, but the role of tidal channel meanders (i.e., convex and concave sides) in regulating the Spartina alterniflora invasion remains unclear. Here, we examined the combined effects of tidal channel meander‐mediated hydrodynamic variables, soil abiotic stresses, and propagule pressure on the colonization of Spartina in the Yellow River Delta, China, by conducting field observations and experiments. The results showed that lower hydrodynamic disturbance, bed shear stress, and higher propagule pressure triggered by eddies due to the convex structure of channel meanders facilitated Spartina seedling establishment and growth, whereas the concave side considerably inhibited the Spartina invasion. Lower soil abiotic stresses also significantly promoted the invasibility of the channel meanders by Spartina. Based on these findings, we propose a conceptual framework to illustrate the effects of the meandering geomorphology of tidal channels on the mechanisms that might allow the landward spread of Spartina and related processes. Our results demonstrate that the meandering geomorphic structures of tidal channels could act as stepping‐stones to significantly facilitate the landward invasion of Spartina along tidal channels. This implies that geomorphic characteristics of tidal channels should be integrated into invasive species control and salt marsh management strategies.
Investigating the relationship between haematological parameters and metabolic syndrome: A population‐based study
Authors: Najafzadeh Mohammad Javad , Baniasad Amir , Shahabinejad Reza , Mashrooteh Mahdieh , Najafipour Hamid , Gozashti Mohammad Hossein 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a global public health concern. Chronic inflammation plays a role in MetS; haematological inflammatory parameters can be used as MetS predicting factors.ObjectiveHereditary and environmental factors play an important role in the development of MetS. This study aimed to determine the relationship between haematological parameters and MetS in the adult population of southeastern Iran, Kerman.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was a sub‐analysis of 1033 subjects who participated in the second phase of the Kerman Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factor Study (KERCADRS). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) definition. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between haematological parameters with age and components of metabolic syndrome. The role of WBC, neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte in predicting metabolic syndrome was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsWhite blood cell (WBC) and its subcomponent cells count, red cell distribution width (RDW), monocyte to HDL ratio (MHR) and Neutrophil to HDL ratio (NHR) had a significant positive correlation with the severity of MetS. The cut‐off value of WBC was 6.1 (×103/μL), the sensitivity was 70%, the specificity was 52.9% for females, the cut‐off value of WBC was 6.3 (×103/μL), the sensitivity was 68.2% and the specificity was 46.7%, for males.ConclusionWBC and its subcomponent count, RDW, MHR and NHR parameters are valuable biomarkers for further risk appraisal of MetS in adults. These markers are helpful in early diagnoses of individuals with MetS.
Intestinal permeability evaluation in patients with chronic Chagas heart failure
Authors: Rodrigues Angela Braga , da Gama Torres Henrique Oswaldo , do Carmo Pereira Nunes Maria , de Assis Silva Gomes Juliana , Rodrigues Aline Braga , Pinho Laura Lopes Nogueira , da Costa Rocha Manoel Otavio , Botoni Fernando Antonio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsWe analysed intestinal permeability in patients with chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC) and evaluated its association with clinical manifestations, haemodynamic parameters measured by echocardiogram, and disease outcome. Intestinal permeability was compared between CCC patients and a group of healthy controls.BackgroundIntestinal dysfunction may contribute to a more severe disease presentation with worse outcome in patients with CCC and heart failure.MethodsFifty patients with CCC and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of less than 55% were prospectively selected and followed for a mean period of 18 ± 8 months. A group of 27 healthy volunteers were also investigated. One patient was excluded from the analysis since he died before completing the intestinal permeability test.Intestinal permeability was evaluated with the sugar probe drink test. It consists in the urinary recovery of previously ingested sugar probes: mannitol, a monosaccharide, and lactulose, a disaccharide.ResultsPatient's mean age was 53.4 ± 10.4 years, and 31(63%) were male. Differential urinary excretion of lactulose/mannitol ratio did not differ significantly between healthy controls and CCC patients, regardless of clinical signs of venous congestion, haemodynamic parameters, and severity of presentation and outcome.ConclusionsThe present study could not show a disturbance of the intestinal barrier in CCC patients with LVEF <55%, measured by lactulose/mannitol urinary excretion ratio. Further investigations are needed to verify if in patients with LVEF <40% intestinal permeability is increased.
Recent advances in two‐dimensional materials for hydrovoltaic energy technology
Authors: Liu Zhihang , Liu Chao , Chen Zhaotian , Huang Honglan , Liu Yifan , Xue Liang , Sun Jingwen , Wang Xin , Xiong Pan , Zhu Junwu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHydrovoltaic energy technology that generates electricity directly from the interaction of materials with water has been regarded as a promising renewable energy harvesting method. With the advantages of high specific surface area, good conductivity, and easily tunable porous nanochannels, two‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have promising potential in high‐performance hydrovoltaic electricity generation applications. Herein, this review summarizes the most recent advances of 2D materials for hydrovoltaic electricity generation, including carbon nanosheets, layered double hydroxide (LDH), and layered transition metal oxides and sulfides. Some strategies were introduced to improve the energy conversion efficiency and the output power of hydrovoltaic electricity generation devices based on 2D materials. The applications of these devices in self‐powered electronics, sensors, and low‐consumption devices are also discussed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives on this emerging technology are outlined.
Endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation is essential for maintaining the viability or function of mature myelinating cells in adults
Authors: Wu Shuangchan , Lin Wensheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum associated degradation (ERAD) is responsible for recognition and degradation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER. Sel1L is essential for the ERAD activity of Sel1L‐Hrd1 complex, the best‐known ERAD machinery. Using a continuous Sel1L knockout mouse model (CNP/Cre; Sel1LloxP/loxP mice), our previous studies showed that Sel1L knockout in myelinating cells, oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS), leads to adult‐onset myelin abnormalities in the CNS and PNS. Because Sel1L is deleted in myelinating cells of CNP/Cre; Sel1LloxP/loxP mice starting at very early stage of differentiation, it is impossible to rule out the possibility that the adult‐onset myelin abnormalities in these mice results from developmental myelination defects caused by Sel1L knockout in myelinating cells during development. Thus, using an inducible Sel1L knockout mouse model (PLP/CreERT; Sel1LloxP/loxP mice) that has normal, intact myelin and myelinating cells in the adult CNS and PNS prior to tamoxifen treatment, we sought to determine if Sel1L knockout in mature myelinating cells of adult mice leads to myelin abnormalities in the CNS and PNS. We showed that Sel1L knockout in mature myelinating cells caused ERAD impairment, ER stress and UPR activation. Interesting, Sel1L knockout in mature oligodendrocytes impaired their myelinating function by suppressing myelin protein translation, and resulted in progressive myelin thinning in the adult CNS. Conversely, Sel1L knockout in mature Schwann cells led to Schwann cell apoptosis and demyelination in the adult PNS. These findings demonstrate the essential roles of ERAD in mature myelinating cells in the adult CNS and PNS under physiological conditions.
Cultural dispersion and stock liquidity
Authors: Zhang John F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryThis paper examines whether cultural dispersion of a multinational firm affects its stock trading in the market. The result shows that the stock liquidity negatively relates to the degree of cultural dispersion, suggesting it is costlier to trade stocks of culturally diverse firms. Among five measures of stock liquidity, Chae's (2005) turnover measure demonstrates the most consistent effect after addressing potential omitted variables and selection biases. A robustness test that extends our sample to include purely domestic firms confirms the main result of the negative effect of cultural dispersion. Furthermore, while the relation between cultural dispersion and stock liquidity may not be exactly linear, such a negative association overall holds. In addition, the influence of cultural dispersion on stock trading takes effects mainly through the agency and external information environment channels and is more pronounced for lower risk‐taking multinationals.Managerial SummaryThis result has three practical implications for investment management. First, it is important to consider the internal cultural diversity when investing multinational firms. Second, the evaluation of firm liquidity goes beyond financial fundamentals or market mechanism. When a firm increase its degree of informational complexity and unfamiliarity, it tends to decrease its attractiveness to investors. Last but not least, when investing globally, cultural differences is an important consideration. Using stock liquidity as a research platform, this study suggests that the effect of cultural difference is indeed material.
Neuroligin‐2 controls the establishment of fast GABAergic transmission in adult‐born granule cells
Authors: Groisman Ayelén I. , Aguilar‐Arredondo Andrea , Giacomini Damiana , Schinder Alejandro F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGABAergic inhibition is critical for the precision of neuronal spiking and the homeostatic regulation of network activity in the brain. Adult neurogenesis challenges network homeostasis because new granule cells (GCs) integrate continuously in the functional dentate gyrus. While developing, adult‐born GCs undergo a transient state of enhanced excitability due to the delayed maturation of perisomatic GABAergic inhibition by parvalbumin interneurons (PV‐INs). The mechanisms underlying this delayed synaptic maturation remain unknown. We examined the morphology and function of synapses formed by PV‐INs onto new GCs over a 2‐month interval in young adult mice, and investigated the influence of the synaptic adhesion molecule neuroligin‐2 (NL2). Perisomatic appositions of PV‐IN terminals onto new GCs were conspicuous at 2 weeks and continued to grow in size to reach a plateau over the fourth week. Postsynaptic knockdown of NL2 by expression of a short‐hairpin RNA (shNL2) in new GCs resulted in smaller size of synaptic contacts, reduced area of perisomatic appositions of the vesicular GABA transporter VGAT, and the number of presynaptic active sites. GCs expressing shNL2 displayed spontaneous GABAergic responses with decreased frequency and amplitude, as well as slower kinetics compared to control GCs. In addition, postsynaptic responses evoked by optogenetic stimulation of PV‐INs exhibited slow kinetics, increased paired‐pulse ratio and coefficient of variation in GCs with NL2 knockdown, suggesting a reduction in the number of active synapses as well as in the probability of neurotransmitter release (Pr). Our results demonstrate that synapses formed by PV‐INs on adult‐born GCs continue to develop beyond the point of anatomical growth, and require NL2 for the structural and functional maturation that accompanies the conversion into fast GABAergic transmission.
Nanoparticle delivery through the BBB in central nervous system tuberculosis
Authors: Griego Anna , Scarpa Edoardo , De Matteis Valeria , Rizzello Loris 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecent advances in Nanotechnology have revolutionized the production of materials for biomedical applications. Nowadays, there is a plethora of nanomaterials with potential for use towards improvement of human health. On the other hand, very little is known about how these materials interact with biological systems, especially at the nanoscale level, mainly because of the lack of specific methods to probe these interactions. In this review, we will analytically describe the journey of nanoparticles (NPs) through the brain, starting from the very first moment upon injection. We will preliminarily provide a brief overlook of the physicochemical properties of NPs. Then, we will discuss how these NPs interact with the body compartments and biological barriers, before reaching the blood–brain barrier (BBB), the last gate guarding the brain. Particular attention will be paid to the interaction with the biomolecular, the bio‐mesoscopic, the (blood) cellular, and the tissue barriers, with a focus on the BBB. This will be framed in the context of brain infections, especially considering central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS‐TB), which is one of the most devastating forms of human mycobacterial infections. The final aim of this review is not a collection, nor a list, of current literature data, as it provides the readers with the analytical tools and guidelines for the design of effective and rational NPs for delivery in the infected brain.
Outcomes of pregnancies with preterm premature rupture of membranes occurring before 24 weeks of gestation: An 11‐year observational study
Authors: Gauthier‐Moulinier Helene , Ndour Daouda , Rabilloud Muriel , Nguyen Kim‐An 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study describes the fetal and neonatal outcomes and their predictive factors in pregnancies with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) before 24 weeks of gestation.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted using the patient database of a tertiary university hospital in Lyon, France. All of the medical data of women diagnosed with PPROM before 24 weeks of gestation from 2008 to 2018 were extracted. R software was used for descriptive and analytical statistics.ResultsThe study included 78 women. Mean gestational age (GA) at PPROM was 19.6 weeks (13.1 to 23.9 weeks). Fifteen (19.2%) pregnancies were terminated, 37 (47.4%) resulted in intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), and 26 (33.3%) children were born alive at an average of 26.9 weeks of gestation. Fourteen children survived and 12 died after birth; 50% of survivors had pulmonary hypoplasia. Within 7 days after PPROM, 46% of IUFD occurred and 36% of pregnancies ended. PPROM before 20 weeks of gestation and chorioamnionitis are statistically associated with IUFD, whereas a latency period of more than 2 weeks is statistically related to live birth.ConclusionPPROM before 24 weeks of gestation is associated with a high rate of IUFD, preterm birth, and postpartum mortality.