bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal structural changes in age‐related curved hair due to cyclical extension: An IR spectroscopy study
Authors: Fuse Naoya , Matsue Yukako , Morita Shigeaki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to identify structural changes in age‐related curved hair (referred to as “YUGAMI” hair in Japanese) induced by cyclical extension using infrared (IR) spectroscopy coupled with chemometrics, such as multivariate curve resolution (MCR) and two‐dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS).MethodsThe hair fibres were stretched at a strain level of 0.3‐N, and this operation was counted as one cycle and was repeated 500 cycles. Every 25 cycles, IR spectra were obtained using an attenuated total reflection IR (ATR–IR) microscope. The spectra were analysed by MCR to investigate the structural changes of keratin protein inside of the hair. 2DCOS was conducted to investigate the genesis pathway of SO3H in the 1000–1150 cm−1 range and the change in the secondary structure of keratin protein of hair in the 1600–1700 cm−1 range.ResultsFor age‐related curved hair, 0.3‐N strain levels increased the CH2 and C=O signals after 125 cycles and the SO3H signal after 225 cycles, but no architectural modifications were observed in straight hair. Two results were obtained from 2DCOS. One was cyclical extension increased the S–SO3H signal, followed by SO3H signal. The other in the 1600–1700 cm−1 range indicated an increase in the secondary structural motif and β‐structure after the formation of SO3H.ConclusionThis study shows that the process of internal transformations can be split into three steps in age‐related curved hair caused by cyclical extension. The first step is the surface transfer of internal lipids, and the second step is two distinct patterns of disulfide bond cleavage: C–S and S–S fission. The final step is further transformation of the unravelled α‐helices into β‐structures which occurs above roughly 225 stretched. Our findings can be an effective factor in care the increase of curvature by cyclical extension such as everyday grooming.
Comparative Effectiveness of Mental Health Simulation Techniques in Nursing Education: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Wang Hai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSimulation‐based training in mental health is increasingly recognised as an effective tool within nursing education. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various simulation modalities, including standardised participants (SPs), role‐plays, virtual reality (VR), mannequins and voice simulations, in improving educational outcomes for nursing students. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify studies evaluating the impact of mental health simulation on nursing education. Data from 62 studies were extracted and analysed. The primary outcomes included knowledge, confidence, self‐efficacy, competence and anxiety. Meta‐analyses assessed both pretest/posttest changes and comparisons between simulation and control groups. Pretest/posttest analyses revealed significant improvements across multiple modalities: SPs enhanced knowledge (SMD = 1.26), confidence (SMD = 1.20), self‐efficacy (SMD = 0.94), attitude (SMD = 0.22), competence (SMD = 2.30) and anxiety reduction (SMD = −0.88). Role‐plays demonstrated gains in knowledge (SMD = 0.87), confidence (SMD = 1.24), self‐efficacy (SMD = 0.74), attitude (SMD = 0.53), competence (SMD = 0.82) and reduced anxiety (SMD = −0.73). VR improved knowledge (SMD = 0.86), self‐efficacy (SMD = 0.75) and competence (SMD = 0.69). Mannequins showed no significant changes in knowledge or competence. Voice simulations improved knowledge (SMD = 0.96). Comparisons with control groups indicated that SPs significantly increased knowledge (SMD = 1.31), competence (SMD = 1.51) and reduced anxiety (SMD = −2.01). Role‐plays enhanced knowledge (SMD = 1.03) compared with inactive controls; VR increased knowledge (SMD = 0.86) compared with controls. Mannequins showed no significant differences, and voice simulations lacked sufficient data for comprehensive analysis. This meta‐analysis underscores the value of simulation‐based training in mental health nursing education, with SPs proving particularly effective in enhancing clinical preparedness. Role‐plays, VR and voice simulations offer supplementary benefits but may require integration with more interactive methods for optimal impact. Future research should prioritise high‐quality randomised controlled trials, standardised simulation protocols and long‐term follow‐up to clarify the sustained effects of simulation training on clinical practice.
Hidden Factors of Limited Time and Busyness: A Qualitative, Multicentre Study of the Reasons for Missed Nursing Care
Authors: Voldbjerg Siri Lygum , Ellehave Sara Mandahl , Poulsen Ingrid , Eekholm Signe , Grønkjær Mette , Kusk Kathrine Hoffmann , Buus Amanda Agnes Østervig , Mainz Hanne , Haslund‐Thomsen Helle , Jørgensen Lone , Laugesen Britt 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo explore nurses' perceptions of reasons for missed nursing care.DesignA multicentre qualitative descriptive study was undertaken from August 2022 to January 2023.MethodsInterpretive description methodology was used. Individual interviews were conducted with 36 registered nurses and eight licensed practical nurses working in medical, surgical and intensive care units at three public university hospitals in Denmark. Using a semi‐structured interview guide, nurses were asked to share their perceptions of reasons for missed care. The analysis was guided by an inductive thematic approach.ResultsThe nurses' immediate responses to reasons for missed nursing care circulated around limited time and busyness. However, further analysis unfolded layers of reasons described within three themes: being challenged by workload and patients' diverse care needs; falling short on competencies; and being governed by organisational structures and decisions.ConclusionsThe study underlines that reasons for missed nursing care are multiple and complex and extend from an individual to an organisational level. They can therefore not be seen nor targeted isolated. Furthermore, there is a need to draw attention to organisation of care and nurses' clinical decision‐making to ensure that patient's fundamental care needs are met.Implications for the ProfessionReducing missed nursing care calls for interventions that require nurses to change their working practices, roles and value perceptions. This study provides valuable insight into nurses' perspectives on reasons for missed nursing care, which is pertinent for designing interventions targeting missed nursing care.ImpactThe study provides insight into nurses' perceptions on reasons for missed nursing care within hospital settings. The findings of the study show that reasons for missed nursing care are multiple and complex and cannot be limited to time and busyness. The findings can be used to inform future interventions aimed at reducing missed nursing care.Reporting MethodThe reporting of the study followed the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Nurse‐Assisted Remote Patient Monitoring for Self‐Management Support to Patients With Long‐Term Illness—A Qualitative Multimethod Study
Authors: Wathne Hege , Storm Marianne , Morken Ingvild Margreta , Lunde Husebø Anne Marie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo explore patients and nurses' experiences of digital self‐management support following participation in a remote patient monitoring intervention.DesignAn exploratory qualitative multimethod study.MethodsThe study was conducted at two Norwegian university hospitals between January 2022 and February 2023. Data were obtained through semistructured interviews of 17 patients with heart failure, 10 patients surgically treated for colorectal cancer and eight nurses. The data collection also included excerpts from chat messages between patients and nurses obtained from the digital platform during January and February 2024. Data were analysed using abductive thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis revealed three themes: (1) raising illness awareness through RPM technology, (2) establishing a mutual collaboration in self‐management challenges and (3) fostering a continued engagement in health behaviour change. The themes captured patients and nurses' experiences of receiving and providing digital self‐management support. The analysis also identified a unifying key theme: ‘bridging technology and self‐management support through remote caring encounters’, which firmly connected the three themes.ConclusionRemote patient monitoring appeared to benefit both patients and nurses by altering patients' self‐management routines and the nurses' workflows. Furthermore, applying the theory of technological competency as caring in nursing to remote patient monitoring interventions may help ensure that the patient–nurse relationship is not weakened as technology advances.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareRemote patient monitoring interventions have the potential to become a valuable tool in modern healthcare, enabling effective communication and collaboration between patients and nurses while also ensuring patient‐centred care. However, future development of remote patient monitoring interventions should include nursing support.ImpactThis study addresses remote patient monitoring and digital self‐management support from the perspectives of both patients and nurses. The findings may have an impact on remote nursing, patient satisfaction and strategies to improve digital follow‐up care for patients with long‐term illnesses.Reporting MethodThe authors adhered to the EQUATOR guidelines through the SRQR reporting method.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Three‐Dimensional Morphometrics Reveal Patterns of Unionid Shell Variation Along River Gradients
Authors: Sánchez González Irene , Bucholz Jamie R. , Hopper Garrett W. , Lozier Jeffrey D. , Atkinson Carla L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimUnderstanding the extent of morphological variation across diverse habitats and species can provide valuable insights into how organisms respond to environmental gradients. We quantified intraspecific morphological variation of unionid mussels and assessed how it varied in relation to genetic differentiation and environmental characteristics.LocationMobile and Tennessee River Basins, Alabama and Tennessee, U.S.A.TaxonUnionid mussels.MethodsWe used innovative three‐dimensional (3D) scanning techniques and 3D geometric morphometric analyses, genetic data and environmental variables to quantify morphological variation in seven freshwater mussel species populations and its relationship to genetic differentiation and environmental characteristics.ResultsOur findings indicate that shell morphological variation is correlated with environmental variables in four unionid species, and generally not related to genetic differentiation, improving our understanding of the mechanisms behind morphological variation. Three closely related species were more inflated in larger watersheds, while a more distantly related species, A. plicata, was more compressed in larger watersheds. River bankfull width was a significant factor in all models, highlighting the influence of high flow extremes on shell morphological variation.Main ConclusionsOur findings suggest that environmental factors, particularly characteristics of river flow regimes, are the primary drivers of intraspecific shell morphological variation in unionid mussels, with genetic differentiation playing a less prominent role. Continuing to explore intraspecific trait variation along river gradients will improve our understanding of the ecological implications of shell morphological variation. Assessing the ability of organisms to morphologically adapt to environmental change can help us understand their resilience.
Financial Barriers to Expanded Birth Center Access in New Jersey: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis
Authors: Ofrane Rebecca H. , Rokicki Slawa , Kantor Leslie , Blumenfeld Julie 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionBirth centers are an underused care setting with potential to improve birth experience and satisfaction. Both hospital‐based and freestanding birth centers operate with the midwifery model of care that focuses on safe, low‐intervention physiologic birth experiences for healthy, low‐risk pregnant people. However, financial barriers limit freestanding birth center sustainability and accessibility in New Jersey, especially for traditionally marginalized populations. This qualitative study explores the financial barriers faced by freestanding birth centers in order to expand access and choice for pregnant people in New Jersey.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted with participants from 4 sectors: (1) birth center or health system, (2) policy‐adjacent philanthropy or research, (3) state departments, and (4) health insurance. Coding and analysis followed a reflexive thematic analysis process, resulting in the identification of 4 financial barriers to birth center access.ResultsFacility Medicaid reimbursement rates are a primary barrier for birth centers, along with startup and operating costs and, more indirectly, low supply of midwives and low patient demand for birth center care.DiscussionNew Jersey is well‐positioned to enact critical policies and programs that can improve out‐of‐hospital birth center access, based on the findings and recommendations from this research. Other states can follow suit in pursuit of solutions to improve maternal health access and equitable birth center sustainability.
Effect of Dietary Ketosis and Nicotinamide Riboside on Hippocampal Krebs Cycle Intermediates and Mitochondrial Energetics in a DNA Repair‐Deficient 3xTg/POLβ+/− Alzheimer Disease Mouse Model
Authors: Pawlosky Robert , Demarest Tyler G. , King M. Todd , Estrada Darlene , Veech Richard L. , Bohr Vilhelm A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlzheimer disease is a neurodegenerative pathology‐modifying mitochondrial metabolism with energy impairments where the effects of biological sex and DNA repair deficiencies are unclear. We investigated the therapeutic potential of dietary ketosis alone or with supplemental nicotinamide riboside (NR) on hippocampal intermediary metabolism and mitochondrial bioenergetics in older male and female wild‐type (Wt) and 3xTgAD‐DNA polymerase‐β‐deficient (3xTg/POLβ+/−) (AD) mice. DNA polymerase‐β is a key enzyme in DNA base excision repair (BER) of oxidative damage that may also contribute to mitochondrial DNA repair. Metabolic alterations imparted by ketosis and/or NR were assessed in 16 male and female groups, 4 Wt and 4 AD. At 73 weeks of age, mice were divided into: (A) carbohydrate diet (Carb); (B) Carb diet with NR (Carb‐NR); (C) Ket diet (Ket); and (D) Ket diet with NR (Ket‐NR) groups and remained on their respective treatments for 12 weeks. Mice were euthanized and hippocampi were rapidly removed and frozen. Glycolytic and TCA cycle intermediates were determined by quantitative GC–MS and the ratios of the mitochondrial free [NADox]/[NADHred] and coenzyme ubiquinone (CoQ/CoQH2) couples and the Gibbs free energy of the Complex I–II system of the electron transport chain (ETC) () were calculated from selected metabolites. Mice in Groups C and D had elevated blood ketones (1–2 mM). In most groupings, male mice had higher concentrations of TCA cycle intermediates than females. Moreover, higher concentrations of fumarate in Wt males were associated with elevations in the ΔG′ of Complex I–II compared to females. In Wt males, NR treatments were associated with elevated concentrations of α‐ketoglutarate and malate and linked to increased energy of Complex I–II. In AD males, both NR treatment and dietary ketosis restored the ΔG′ of Complex I–II, where the ratio of the CoQ/CoQH2 couple was oxidized and the [NADox]/[NADHred] couple was reduced. In AD females, only mice in the Ket diet group had a sufficiently reduced [NADox]/[NADHred] couple to restore the free energy profile.
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Population Ageing and Entrepreneurship: Theory and Evidence From OECD Countries
Authors: Zhang Rui , Kang Mengyao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper studies how population ageing affects individuals' choice between entrepreneurship and employment with enterprises. We develop a theoretical model where individuals are different in their entrepreneurial ability. A representative worker integrates the professional status of all workers as: (1) a younger worker, (2) an older worker, and (3) a retiree. Entrepreneurs and workers are required to pay taxes to contribute to the pension fund. We find that a higher proportion of the elderly population leads to a lower proportion of individuals choosing to become entrepreneurs because of a higher tax burden. A higher pension replacement rate also discourages individuals from starting a business. Using data from OECD. Stat, Eurostat, and the World Bank database, our empirical results support the model's predictions.
Barriers and Enablers of Primary Healthcare Professionals in Health Research Engagement: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Matheson Mark , Skinner Ian W. , Vehagen Arianne , Auliffe Sean Mc , Malliaras Peter 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHealth professional engagement ensures relevant, clinically focused research that informs evidence‐based care. Research shows health professionals may not engage optimally in research. Understanding barriers and enablers influencing participation is necessary to enhance engagement. This systematic review explores these factors among primary healthcare professionals. We searched peer‐reviewed studies using CINAHL, Medline, and SCOPUS in February 2023, updated in June 2024. The review followed PRISMA and the ENTREQ checklist. Studies included those published in English, reporting factors influencing engagement among primary healthcare professionals. Qualitative data were extracted and thematically synthesized. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Nineteen studies were included. Enablers include individual positive attitudes and a scholarly environment. Barriers include negative attitudes, an unconducive environment, and system constraints. Primary health professionals view research engagement positively, recognizing its potential to enhance health outcomes, professional growth, and business performance. Balancing clinical responsibilities, workload and research is challenging. Targeted strategies promoting partnerships and stakeholder involvement can foster a scholarly environment and empower research engagement.
Fruit Cuticle Thickness and Anatomical Changes in Pedicel Xylem Vessels Influence Fruit Transpiration and Calcium Accumulation in Cranberry Fruit
Authors: Rojas‐Barros Pedro , Wernow Jane , Workmaster Beth Ann , Zalapa Juan , Devi Jyostna Mura , Atucha Amaya 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCa is a key nutrient for fruit quality due to its role in bonding with pectin in the cell wall, providing strength through cell‐to‐cell adhesion, thus increasing fruit firmness and extending post‐harvest life. However, Ca accumulation is mostly limited to the initial stages of fruit development due to anatomical and physiological changes that occur as fruits develop. The objective of this study was to evaluate fruit transpiration, cuticle thickness, and pedicel vessel changes during cranberry fruit development and the effect these parameters might have on Ca translocation. ‘Stevens’ cranberry fruits were collected weekly, starting seven days after full bloom (DAFB) until 70 DAFB. For each collection date, fruit transpiration was evaluated in the field, and samples were taken to analyze total fruit Ca content, stomata density, cuticle thickness, pedicel anatomical changes, and xylem functionality. Ca accumulation in the fruit exhibited a sigmoidal curve, beginning at 0.04 mg per berry at 7 DAFB, increasing to a maximum of 0.1 mg per berry at 28 DAFB, and remaining constant until harvest (70 DAFB). Fruit Ca accumulation was mostly explained by fruit transpiration, which exhibited a similar sigmoidal pattern. The rapid decline in fruit transpiration was largely modulated by increases in cuticle thickness, as well as anatomical changes in the pedicel xylem, thereby reducing the capacity to transport water and nutrients into the fruit. Thus, this research could help cranberry growers maximize fruit Ca content by prioritizing fertilization during the early stages of fruit development.
How to talk about crises? Leaders' narrative strategies during the COVID‐19 vaccination campaign in Italy and France
Authors: Mastroianni Laura , Profeti Stefania 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDefined by threat, urgency, and uncertainty, crises produce opportunities for government leaders to exploit and create meaning around their policy decisions in such unstable circumstances. In narrating their preferred policy solutions, one of the tools governments can use is relying on evidence‐based information. However, some studies have also stressed the importance of recovering emotional inputs when directing the public toward policy compliance. Based upon this premise, we first propose an original typology intersecting evidence/emotions with loss/gain‐framed narrative dimensions, enriching the analytical tools available to the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF), especially when it is applied to studying and interpreting the formulation of policy narratives in times of crisis. We then propose a set of expectations that are empirically tested against the narrative strategies concerning the vaccination campaign during the COVID‐19 crisis in two European countries, Italy and France. By taking into account the official public statements of the executive leaders and health ministers, they have been analyzed through the Discourse Network Analyzer (DNA) software, incorporating our typology into the NPF coding scheme. The analysis shows that tracing leaders' policy narratives back to the evidence/emotion and gain/loss dimensions allows more nuanced differences to emerge that are not immediately observable by resorting to the NPF standard categories. Indeed, although the stories of vaccination against COVID‐19 told in the two countries are broadly similar in terms of the characters and the moral of the story, and emotion‐based narrative strategies prevail in both contexts, we observe a greater overall use of admonitions and scaring tactics in France than in Italy. Moreover, when looking at the evolution of strategies over time, the stability of gain‐framed narratives in the Italian case seems less consistent with the progressively more intrusive nature of the policy solutions adopted by the government.
Where Do We Go From Here? The Future of Gender and Negotiation Research
Authors: Elias Allison 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis review proposes future directions for gender and negotiation research in light of two important labor market trends: workforces that are increasingly diverse and career advancement that is more often required to be self‐directed. I argue that these two trends have implications for research, both in terms of places where the field seems to be moving and new areas that could be ripe for exploration. I begin by underscoring the importance of context when making claims about gender and negotiation. Then, using two broad banners, diversity and careers, I review discussions that are arising from novel intersections as well as the ways that the changing workplace is shaping future research directions.