bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety in children and youth: Part 1—Diagnosis
Authors: Klein Benjamin , Rajendram Rageen , Hrycko Sophia , Poynter Aven , Ortiz-Alvarez Oliva , Saunders Natasha , Andrews Debra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnxiety disorders are the most common mental health concerns affecting Canadian children and adolescents. The Canadian Paediatric Society has developed two position statements that summarize current evidence regarding the diagnosis and management of anxiety disorders. Both statements offer evidence-informed guidance to support paediatric health care providers (HCPs) making decisions around the care of children and adolescents with these conditions. The objectives of Part 1, which focuses on assessment and diagnosis, are to: (1) review the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of anxiety disorders and (2) describe a process for assessment of anxiety disorders. Specific topics are reviewed, including prevalence, differential diagnosis, co-occurring conditions, and the process of assessment. Approaches are offered for standardized screening, history-taking, and observation. Associated features and indicators that distinguish anxiety disorders from developmentally appropriate fears, worries, and anxious feelings are considered. Note that when the word ‘parent’ (singular or plural) is used, it includes any primary caregiver and every configuration of family.
L’anxiété chez les enfants et les adolescents – partie 2 : la prise en charge des troubles anxieux
Authors: Bobbitt Susan , Kawamura Anne , Saunders Natasha , Monga Suneeta , Penner Melanie , Andrews Debra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLes troubles anxieux sont les problèmes de santé mentale les plus courants chez les enfants et les adolescents canadiens. La Société canadienne de pédiatrie a préparé deux documents de principes qui résument les données probantes à jour sur leur diagnostic et leur prise en charge. Ces documents contiennent des conseils fondés sur des données probantes afin d’aider les professionnels de la santé à prendre des décisions à l’égard des soins aux enfants et aux adolescents atteints de ces troubles. La deuxième partie, qui porte sur la prise en charge, vise à 1) passer en revue les données probantes et le contexte de diverses approches cliniques qui combinent des interventions comportementales et pharmacologiques pour traiter les atteintes de façon appropriée; 2) décrire le rôle de l’éducation et de la psychothérapie pour la prévention et le traitement des troubles anxieux; 3) décrire l’utilisation de la pharmacothérapie, y compris les effets secondaires et les risques qui s’y rapportent. Les recommandations sur la prise en charge de l’anxiété reposent sur les lignes directrices à jour, une analyse bibliographique et un consensus d’experts. Il est à souligner que, dans le présent document, le terme « parent » (au singulier ou au pluriel) inclut les personnes qui s’occupent principalement de l’enfant et toutes les configurations familiales.
Designing a Checklist for Directly Observing Use of One-Minute Preceptor Steps on Inpatient Rounds: A Pilot Study
Authors: Puri Aditi , Lee Cheryl K. , Feinglass Joseph M. , Chen Yeh , Lee Jungwha , Miller Corinne H. , Peterson Jonna , Didwania Aashish K. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
“One-minute preceptor” (OMP) is a well-established educational technique; however, primary literature on OMP lacks a tool to assess behavioral change after delivery of curricula.Primary aim of this pilot study was to design a checklist for direct observation of teachers using OMP on general medicine rounds and obtain inter-rater reliability evidence for the checklist.

Methods:
This study pilots an internally designed 6-item checklist to assess change in directly observed behavior. We describe the process of developing the checklist and training the observers. We calculated a percent agreement and Cohen's kappa to assess inter-rater reliability.

Results:
Raters had a high percent agreement ranging from 0.8 to 0.9 for each step of OMP. Cohen's kappa ranged from 0.49 to 0.77 for the five OMP steps. The highest kappa obtained was for getting a commitment (κ = 0.77) step, whereas the lowest agreement was for correcting mistakes (κ = 0.49).

Conclusion:
We showed a percent agreement ≥0.8 and moderate agreement based on Cohen's kappa with most steps of OMP on our checklist. A reliable OMP checklist is an important step in further improving the assessment and feedback of resident teaching skills on general medicine wards.
Association of the ACE and AGT gene polymorphisms with global disparities in COVID-19-related deaths
Authors: Saab Yolande B. , Nakad Zahi S. , Mehanna Stephanie J. 
Published: February 2023

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate the gene polymorphisms of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensinogen (AGT), and angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) in association with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality rates worldwide.

Methods
The prevalence of ACE I/D, AGT M235T, and AT1R A1166C alleles’ frequencies in different populations was assessed. Data on COVID-19-related cases and deaths were acquired from the European Center for Disease Prevention and Control, which included weekly reports by country and continent. An Excel tool was developed to visualize the acquired data of mortality and incidence by classifying them by continent/country across specific periods of time. Spearman’s nonparametric correlation was used to evaluate the association between country-based frequencies in RAS gene polymorphisms and COVID-19-related deaths.

Results
While China constituted the initial reservoir of COVID-19, incidence/mortality rates in Europe and America outnumbered the figures in the former. A clear association was identified between death rates and ACE D/I (r = 0.3659; P = 0.033), as well as AGT A/G variants (r = 0.7576; P = 0.015). Data on AT1R polymorphisms suggested no correlation with mortality rates.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrated a significant disparity in COVID-19-related susceptibility and mortality among different populations and corroborate the importance of gene polymorphisms in predicting and consequently improving patients’ outcomes.
Pharmacogenetic impact of SLC22A1 gene variant rs628031 (G/A) in newly diagnosed Indian type 2 diabetes patients undergoing metformin monotherapy
Authors: Singh Shalini , Shukla Ashwin Kumar , Usman Kauser , Banerjee Monisha 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) imposes an enormous burden all over the world in both developed and developing countries. Inter-individual differences are attributed to polymorphisms in candidate genes resulting in altered absorption, transportation, distribution, and metabolism of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs). Hence, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the pharmacogenetic impact of SLC22A1 gene variant rs628031 (G/A) on metformin monotherapy in newly diagnosed untreated T2D patients.

Methods
Newly diagnosed T2D patients (n = 500) were enrolled according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. Initially, enrolled subjects were prescribed metformin monotherapy and followed up for at least 12 weeks. Response to metformin was evaluated in 478 patients who revisited for follow-up by measuring HbA1c.

Result
Out of 478 patients, 373 were responders to metformin monotherapy while 105 were non-responders. The pharmacogenetic impact was evaluated by genotype, haplotype, and pharmacogenetic analyses. ‘GG’ genotype and ‘G’ allele of SLC22A1 rs628031 G/A were observed in 48.8% and 67.7% of Met responders, respectively, while 20.9% and 49.1 % were in non-responders. Therefore, there was a 2.18-fold increase in the success rate of Met therapeutics.

Conclusion
Individuals carrying the ‘GG’ genotype or ‘G’ allele for SLC22A1 gene variant rs628031 G/A are better responders for Metformin monotherapy.
Macular Thickness After Ultrathin Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty and Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Combined With Cataract Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Molbech Madsen Morten Brok , Ivarsen Anders , Hjortdal Jesper 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The aim was to investigate alterations in central retinal thickness (CRT) and their implications for visual acuity after ultrathin Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (UT-DSAEK) and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) combined with cataract surgery.

Methods:
A total of 72 eyes of 72 patients with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy and cataract were included and equally randomized to either UT-DSAEK or DMEK. A control group of 40 eyes of 40 patients with cataract were included for cataract surgery. All participants were examined preoperatively as well as 3 and 6 months postoperatively.

Results:
There was no significant difference in CRT between the study groups after surgery (P = 0.896). A significant difference in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) progression over time was found between the study groups (P < 0.0001). Average improvements of 8.03 EDTRS after UT-DSAEK (P < 0.001) and 16.77 EDTRS after DMEK (P < 0.001) were found 6 months postoperatively. No significant correlation was found between the change in BCVA and CRT from baseline to 3 months postoperatively (r2 < 0.0001, P = 0.96) and from baseline to 6 months postoperatively (r2 = 0.0053, P = 0.46).

Conclusions:
CRT was not altered by UT-DSAEK, DMEK, or cataract surgery 3 and 6 months postoperatively. BCVA significantly improved 3 and 6 months after UT-DSAEK and DMEK, respectively. No significant correlations were found between the change in BCVA and CRT postoperatively. As such CRT alterations were comparable after UT-DSAEK, DMEK, and cataract surgery.
Outcomes of Combined Penetrating Keratoplasty and Limbal Stem Cell Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis on Simultaneous Versus Sequential Surgery
Authors: Giachos Ioannis , Angelidis Constantine D. , Doumazos Spyros , Tzavara Chara , Palioura Sotiria 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The objective of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published studies on limbal stem cell transplantation (LSCT) combined with penetrating keratoplasty (PK) performed either simultaneously or sequentially.

Methods:
An extensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases. Prospective and retrospective trials and case series reporting on the outcomes of LSCT with PK were included. Primary outcomes were the stability of the ocular surface and the rejection and/or failure of the corneal graft.

Results:
A total of 209 eyes from 13 studies were included in the simultaneous group and 489 eyes from 33 studies in the sequential group. Ocular surface stability was 88% [95% confidence interval (CI), 79%–96%] for sequential cases and 64% (95% CI, 43%–82%) for simultaneous cases (P = 0.001). The graft failure rate was 15% (95% CI, 6%–26%) for sequential cases and 44% (95% CI, 31%–58%) for simultaneous cases (P < 0.001). For cases performed sequentially, subgroup analysis revealed a stable ocular surface in 97% (95% CI, 91%–100%) of autograft cases and 63% (95% CI, 45%–80%) of allograft cases (P < 0.001). The graft failure rate in sequential cases was 7% (95% CI, 0%–18%) for autografts and 34% (95% CI, 18%–52%) for allografts (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Sequential LSCT followed by PK demonstrated superior results in terms of ocular surface stability and graft retention compared with simultaneous LSCT and PK. Limbal stem cells of autologous origin fare better than allogeneic ones in sequential cases.
Comparison of Subjective Responses to Cyclosporine 0.05% Versus Lifitegrast 5.0% in Individuals With Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Locatelli Elyana Vittoria Tessa , Acuna Kelly Ann , Betz Jason , Tovar Arianna Alicia , Galor Anat 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The aim of the study was to examine subjective responses to cyclosporine A (CsA) 0.05% versus lifitegrast 5% in individuals with dry eye disease.

Methods:
This study was a retrospective review of individuals with clinically diagnosed dry eye disease treated with both CsA 0.05% and lifitegrast 5% over the course of their disease. Information collected included demographics, comorbidities, and dry eye disease signs. Treatment preferences were noted as mild or strong for a particular medication, no preference, or unable to tolerate either medication. The primary outcome measure was patient-reported medication preference. The secondary outcome measure was an examination of individual and eye factors that related to medication preference.

Results:
Sixty-four individuals (mean age 66.73 ± 13.17 years; 82.8% male, 71.9% White, 29.7% Hispanic) used both CsA and lifitegrast over the course of their disease. Of those, 33 preferred CsA (12.5% mildly and 39.1% strongly), 14 preferred lifitegrast (3.1% mildly and 18.8% strongly), 12 had no preference (18.8%), and 5 could not tolerate either medication (7.8%) due to side effects. No demographic characteristics, comorbidities, or ocular surface findings correlated with medication preference.

Conclusions:
In individuals who used both CsA 0.05% and lifitegrast 5% over the course of their disease, a higher frequency of individuals preferred CsA. No clinical factors correlated with medication preference.
Pseudomonas Bacteremia in Children: Clinical and Microbiologic Features and Risk Factors of Mortality: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Abu Shqara Rozeen , Kassis Imad , Damouni Shalabi Ranaa , Dabaja Younis Halima 
Published: February 2023

Background:

Pseudomonas bacteremia is most commonly acquired in hospital. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and antibiotic susceptibility, mortality rate and risk factors of mortality in children with Pseudomonas bacteremia.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study that included children 18 years of age or younger admitted to a tertiary hospital with Pseudomonas bacteremia between 2005 and 2020.

Results:
A total of 196 patients with Pseudomonas bacteremia were identified. The proportional rate of Pseudomonas bacteremia was 33.9/100,000 hospital days. Underlying disease was documented in 81.1% of patients, 61% had hemato-oncological disease. Pseudomonas bacteremia was healthcare related in 180 (91.8%) episodes. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas accounted for 16 (8.2%) and difficult-to-treat organism to 3 (1.5%) of all isolates. Thirty-day mortality was reported in 27 (13.8%) patients, all had Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In multivariate regression analysis, the first model showed that younger age [P = 0.038, odds ratio (OR) = 1.095, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.005–1.192] and inappropriate empiric antibiotic treatment (P = 0.004, OR = 3.584, 95% CI: 1.490–8.621) were significantly associated with higher mortality. The second model also showed higher morality in younger age (P = 0.021, OR = 1.114, 95% CI: 1.016–1.221) and MDR isolates (P = 0.001, OR = 9.725, 95% CI: 2.486–38.039).

Conclusions:
Significant morbidity and mortality due to Pseudomonas bacteremia, but relatively lower mortality than previously published. Although young age, MDR isolates and inappropriate antibiotic treatment have been associated with increased mortality, these factors, especially with low prevalence of MDR isolates, may reflect the baseline mortality rate in vulnerable hosts with continuous contact with healthcare facilities facing such severe infection, and more efforts should be made to emphasize infection control practices to prevent such severe infection.
Indirect Rectus Femoris Injury Mechanisms in Professional Soccer Players: Video Analysis and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings
Authors: Jokela Aleksi , Mechó Sandra , Pasta Giulio , Pleshkov Pavel , García-Romero-Pérez Alvaro , Mazzoni Stefano , Kosola Jussi , Vittadini Filippo , Yanguas Javier , Pruna Ricard , Valle Xavier , Lempainen Lasse 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
To describe injury mechanisms and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in acute rectus femoris (RF) injuries of soccer players using a systematic video analysis.

Design:
Descriptive case series study of consecutive RF injuries from November 2017 to July 2022.

Setting:
Two specialized sports medicine hospitals.

Participants:
Professional male soccer players aged between 18 and 40 years, referred for injury assessment within 7 days after a RF injury, with an available video footage of the injury and a positive finding on an MRI.

Independent Variables:
Rectus femoris injury mechanisms (specific scoring based on standardized models) in relation to RF muscle injury MRI findings.

Main Outcome Measures:
Rectus femoris injury mechanism (playing situation, player/opponent behavior, movement, and biomechanics), location of injury in MRI.

Results:
Twenty videos of RF injuries in 19 professional male soccer players were analyzed. Three different injury mechanisms were seen: kicking (80%), sprinting (10%), and change of direction (10%). Isolated single-tendon injuries were found in 60% of the injuries. Of the kicking injuries, 62.5% included complete tendon ruptures, whereas both running injuries and none of the change of direction injuries were complete ruptures. The direct tendon was involved in 33% of the isolated injuries, and the common tendon was affected in all combined injuries.

Conclusions:
Rectus femoris injuries typically occur during kicking among football players. Most of the RF injuries involve a complete rupture of at least one tendon. Kicking injuries can also affect the supporting leg, and sprinting can cause a complete tendon rupture, whereas change of direction seems not to lead to complete ruptures.
Agreement Between Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry and Bioelectric Impedance Analysis for Assessing Body Composition in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dzator Stephen , Weerasekara Ishanka , Shields Melissa , Haslam Rebecca , James Daphne 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
To compare dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) in the assessment of body composition in athletes.

Data Sources:
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted collating peer-reviewed studies that compared BIA with DXA for the assessment of body composition in athletes that indexed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases.

Main Results:
After duplicate removal, 267 articles remained for full-text screening. Sixty-three studies remained for the final inclusion, with 8 focused on athletes (n = 461). Five studies were included in the meta-analysis and were rated as positive after risk of bias assessment, whereas the remaining were neutral. BIA overestimated fat-free mass (FFM) over DXA 2.78 (1.38-4.18) (mean difference ± 95% CI) with an effect size of 3.9(P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
BIA was found to overestimate total FFM when compared with DXA. Correlations are high between BIA and DXA; however, the limits of agreement are wide. Hence, BIA may not be a suitable substitute for DXA body composition scanning of athletes. Because of the low level of ionizing radiation exposure, the use of DXA should always be medically justified, and therefore, it is not recommended for repeat, longitudinal measurements in healthy subjects.
We recommend that clinicians do not use BIA interchangeably with DXA in the assessment of body composition in athletes. Considerations should be made over the safety and appropriateness of DXA in young healthy adults. For long-term use, BIA can be warranted for athletes.
PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42020183777
Field Hockey–Related Injuries Treated in US Emergency Departments, 2000 to 2020
Authors: White Elizabeth R. , McAdams Rebecca J. , Roberts Kristin J. , McKenzie Lara B. 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
To describe the epidemiology of field hockey–related injuries of patients aged 6 to 24 years who were treated in US emergency departments from 2000 to 2020.

Design:
The researchers conducted a retrospective analysis using data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS).

Setting:
The NEISS collects data on recreational activity–related and consumer product–related injuries treated in US Eds.

Patients:
Patients aged 6 to 24 years who were treated for field hockey-related injuries in Eds from 2000 to 2020.

Independent Variables:
The researchers analyzed characteristics that included age, body part injured, injury diagnosis, disposition from the ED, injury locale, injury mechanism, contact, and equipment type.

Main Outcome Measures:
All cases of field hockey–related injuries were identified using the NEISS product code for field hockey (1295).

Results:
There were an estimated 82 639 (95% CI = 45 536-119 742) field hockey–related injuries for patients aged 6 to 24 years treated in US emergency departments from 2000 to 2020. The rate of field hockey–related injuries per 100 000 population did not significantly change from 7.4 in 2000 to 7.4 in 2011 (slope = 0.048; P = 0.581) but significantly decreased from 7.4 in 2011 to 3.7 in 2019 (slope = −0.40; P = 0.018). As player age increased, the risk of injury due to contact with equipment increased (

13 years: RR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.82-0.98, 19-24 years: RR = 1.17; 95% CI = 1.06-1.29). Concussions or traumatic brain injuries accounted for 9.2% of injuries and were most associated with contact with the ball.

Conclusion:
Although there was a decrease in the field hockey–related injuries, field hockey remains an important source of injuries for children and young adults.
The Psychological Impacts of Taking Physiotherapy Teaching Online in 2020: What Did We Learn?
Authors: Bampton Julie , Tang Clarice Y. , McKay Marnee J. , Paul Serene S. , Allen Natalie E. , Darwell Christina , Frawley Jessica , Dennis Sarah 
Published: February 2023

Introduction.
The rapid shift to online learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic presented challenges for physical therapy (PT) education worldwide. This article aims to explore the factors influencing the well-being of the PT faculty and department chairs involved in delivering PT programs during the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Review of Literature.
The literature has focused on the pedagogical impacts of the rapid shift to online learning. Little is known about the social and psychological impacts of this rapid transition on the well-being of the faculty involved in implementing PT programs.

Subjects.
Physical therapy faculty and department chairs at 3 universities in metropolitan Sydney, Australia who taught into or led PT programs in 2020.

Methods.
Focus group methodology was used to explore the experiences of PT faculty and department chairs during the initial stages of the COVID pandemic. The focus groups were digitally recorded and transcribed verbatim and the transcripts analyzed thematically.

Results.
The main finding of this study was the extent of stress experienced by PT program faculty and chairs during this period. Both work-related institutional and faculty factors and non–work-related personal factors contributed to perceived high levels of stress. Overall, there was a feeling that the stressors had not improved over the duration of the pandemic and that this had left the faculty and chairs feeling more fatigued, less collegiate, and may have ongoing impacts on their mental health.

Discussion.
The pandemic created stresses for faculty and program chairs over and above the usual stress of faculty and college work. The reality of taking steps to reduce the stressors in the current climate is very difficult.

Conclusion.
Moving forward, it is vital to secure increased institutional support, including the support for creating realistic boundaries without the risk of penalty, to address the psychological health and well-being of PT faculty and chairs to enable high-quality education in the future.