bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Essai d’extrapolation des distributions de salaires français
Authors: Espinguet Patrice , Terraza Michel 
Published: August 2023

Dans la première partie de l’étude nous montrons que parmi les lois théoriques couramment utilisées, c’est celle de C. Dagum qui s’ajuste le mieux aux distributions empiriques de salaires français (enquêtes DAS) par catégories socio-professionnelles de 1970 à 1977 (la procédure d’ajustement utilise successivement les algorithmes de Rosembrock et de Powell).
Dans une deuxième partie, nous analysons l’évolution des salaires par catégories socio-professionnelles et nous proposons une méthode d’extrapolation à court terme fondée sur la liaison entre des caractéristique de valeur centrale issues de l’estimation des lois de C. Dagum et l’indice général des prix.
Nous vérifions que ces extrapolations par catégories socio-professionnelles conduisent à des résultats satisfaisants pour 1978.
Circulation industrielle, circulation financière et taux d’intérêt
Authors: Le Héron Edwin 
Published: August 2023

Premièrement, nous mettrons en évidence l’évolution des concepts de circulation industrielle et de circulation financière de J.M. Keynes, du Treatise on money aux articles de 1937 en passant par les brouillons de la Théorie Générale. Nous montrerons que le développement du principe de la préférence pour la liquidité l’a conduit à les abandonner pour fonder sa théorie de l’intérêt.
Deuxièmement, nous analyserons quelques faiblesses de cette théorie de T intérêt, en particulier la relation entre taux en ante — théorie monétaire de la production — et taux ex post — théorie de l’échange monétaire. En adoptant le cadre de l’économie d’endettement et en généralisant le principe de la préférence pour la liquidité, nous formulerons une nouvelle approche du taux de l’intérêt issue du pôle Banque.
Ancienneté, expérience et théorie dualiste du marché du travail : une étude sur données individuelles
Authors: Glaude Michel 
Published: August 2023

La mobilité entre entreprises est-elle plus payante pour un salarié que la poursuite de la carrière dans la même unité ?
Une analyse de covariance effectuée sur les salaires des répondants à l’enquête sur l’emploi de 1985 permet de dégager une rentabilité spécifiquement positive de l’ancienneté dans l’entreprise et donne l’avantage au marché interne sur le marché externe, même si cet avantage relatif varie fortement selon les catégories de salariés et d’entreprises. Néanmoins, l’estimation d’un système d’équations simultanées où le salaire dépend également de la probabilité qu’à le salarié de rester dans l’entreprise, tend à réduire la rentabilité spécifique de l’ancienneté, sans toutefois l’annuler. Dans ce sens, l’ancienneté serait moins un facteur d’accumulation de capital spécifique qu’un signe d’une bonne adéquation du salarié à son emploi.
Enfin différents tests de l’hypothèse de dualité du marché du travail opposent nettement deux secteurs où la valorisation de l’expérience professionnelle passe du simple au triple, sans toutefois dégager de partition stable et définitive.
Profit et formes de motivations salariales
Authors: Peaucelle Irina , Petit Pascal 
Published: August 2023

The institutions, which organize wage formation and industrial relations, mediate conflicts of interest betweem wage and profit earners.
Shifts in such intermediations are sometimes presented as responsible for the profit slowdown and for the stagnation of the economy. These shifts are also viewed as consequences of the blockage in economic growth.
This paper attempts to precise these issues in formalizing the institutional setting of wage formation and industrial relations.
Following related works by Bowles, Gordon and chiefly Weiss-kopf, a formalization has been done and tested on the 1950-1980 experiences of eight industrialized countries.
The results hint at an explanation combining effects of class-conflicts and class-harmony to account partly for the profit slow- down. But a share of the shift seems also to stem from an external change in the way the world economy operates.
Note sur l’article «Economique et Mécanique» de Léon Walras
Authors: Van Daal Jan , Jolink Albert 
Published: August 2023

A partir du moment où il s’est mis à écrire sur l’économie politique pure, Léon Walras a propagé une approche mathématique de la science économique. Il ne s’est pas restreint aux arguments empruntés à la problématique économique elle-même ; il a proposé des analogies entre la science de la mécanique et l’économique comme arguments. L’article «Economique et Mécanique» (1909) en est la concrétisation la plus remarquable.
Au fonds Walras de Lausanne nous avons trouvé la preuve que Walras envisageait d’ajouter à cet article quelques analogies empruntées à la «dynamique». Finalement il a rejeté une telle extension.
Dans la note présente nous présentons ce que nous avons trouvé à Lausanne et nous expliquons que, à notre avis, Walras n’a pas pris sa décision sans raison : l’extension aurait miné la structure walrassienne.
Transformational Recession. A General Phenomenon Examined through the Example Of Hungary’s Development
Authors: Kornai János 
Published: August 2023

All the postsocialist countries are in deep recession. This study discusses the common features of these recessions, using the Hungarian economy as an example. The author starts by considering the following general reasons for the phenomenon : 1) the shift from a sellers' to a buyers' market, 2) the transformation of the real structure of the economy, 3) the disturbances in the coordination mechanisms, 4) the macro consequences of the hardening of financial discipline, and 5) the backwardness of the financial system. The components of macrodemand-investment, personal consumption, government consumption, and exports-are then examined one by one. The most important factor here is the dwindling propensity to invest. Finally comes a summary of the conclusions to be drawn from the analysis. There are good reasons for placing the tasks of emerging front the recession, recovery, at the top of the list of economic-“policy priorities, but without permitting an acceleration of inflation or a resumed increase in indebtedness. The study ends by analyzing the political and economic”
-psychological requirements for recovery.
The Determinants of Trademark Deposits : an Econometric Investigation (A Case Study of the BENELUX)
Authors: Allegrezza Serge , Rauchs Alexandra 
Published: August 2023

Les entreprises peuvent protéger leurs innovations et s’approprier des rentes en enregistrant des marques. La concurrence accrue résultant de l ’achèvement du marché intérieur devrait rendre cette protection particulièrement intéressante pour des PME qui suivent une stratégie de différenciation des produits. Or, moins de la moitié des PME du BENELUX de notre échantillon ont eu recours au dépôt de marques. Cette étude essaie d’analyser en quoi les entreprises qui déposent des marques se distinguent de celles qui n ’en déposent pas.
Paradoxalement, alors que les brevets et les innovations de produits font souvent l ’objet de recherches appliquées, les marques sont rarement étudiées. Cet article propose une étude économétrique basée sur une base de données recueillies par une étude du Bureau Bénélux des Marques. Des régressions de type logit relient des variables dépendantes binaires (indiquant si une entreprise a enregistré une marque) a différentes variables explicatives de type catégorie (comme les dépenses en R&D, les exportations, le secteur dans lequel opère l’entreprise ou encore la taille de l’entreprise).
Les résultats des régressions indiquent que les entreprises qui enregistrent des marques tendent à être celles qui ont un budget R&D élevé et un nombre important de salariés. Ceci faisant écho aux variables identifiées comme influençant le comportement pour les dépôts de brevets. Cependant, en réduisant l’échantillon aux entreprises qui avaient déposé une marque récemment, le nombre de salariés n’a plus d’influence significative sur le dépôt de marques. Ainsi les PME semblent commencer à identifier le dépôt de marques comme un moyen de protection efficace. En outre, les résultats mettent en évidence le rôle central de la position de l’entrepreneur quant à la protection offerte par les marques. Finalement, le degré de surveillance des produits de la concurrence ainsi que la possibilité d’imitation des produits ont également un effet significatif sur la stratégie du dépôt de marques.
Significant effects of epitaxial strain on the nonlinear transport properties in Ca2RuO4 thin films with the current-driven transition
Authors: Tsubaki Keiji , Arita Masashi , Katase Takayoshi , Kamiya Toshio , Tsurumaki-Fukuchi Atsushi , Takahashi Yasuo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Control of the nonlinear transport properties in strongly correlated materials with metal–insulator transitions has become an important task in the development of next-generation computing elements. Here, we demonstrate that the nonlinear transport properties in the Mott insulator Ca2RuO4, which are caused by the current-driven transition with a nonthermal-type mechanism, can be significantly affected by epitaxial strain in thin films. Ca2RuO4 epitaxial thin films were grown on various single-crystal substrates by the solid-phase epitaxy method under nonvacuum conditions, and the effects of epitaxial strain on the transport properties were investigated. While nonlinear transport properties with negative differential resistance behavior were observed in [001]-oriented Ca2RuO4/LaAlO3 (001) thin films, the current transport nonlinearity was critically diminished in the current–voltage characteristics of Ca2RuO4/NdCaAlO4 (100) thin films with the [110] orientation. Through structural characterization of the thin films, a possible correlation between the strain states and nonlinear transport properties was discussed.
Growth and characterization of Mg-doped GaN and InGaN nanopillar-crystals based on steering-crystal-formed multi-crystalline Si substrates
Authors: Xue Houyao , Taniguchi Shingo , Oridate Naoyuki , Saito Tsubasa , Sato Yuichi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In our past research, Group-III nitride nanopillar crystals were grown vertically on the multi-crystalline silicon substrate and applied to surface-emitting LEDs. To discuss the further possibilities of this kind of LEDs, such as application in long-wavelength LEDs, Mg-doped GaN and InGaN as important parts of the LEDs were grown under various conditions. Different testing experiments were carried out on these GaN-related samples to clarify their surface morphologies and luminescence characteristics. It was confirmed that Mg was successfully doped into GaN grown on the multi-crystalline silicon substrate. InGaN with a wide range of In-contents was obtained by using the same substrate. It is believed that these materials can be applied to various optoelectronic devices, especially large-area light-emitting devices with emissions of more colors, by analyzing the various properties.
Modulation of Point Spread Function for Super-Resolution Imaging
Authors: Lu Jian-yu 
Published: August 2023

<p>A four-dimensional (4D) super-resolution imaging method (called PSF modulation method) was developed via modulation of an arbitrary point-spread-function (PSF) of an imaging system. The highest image resolution achievable will only be limited by the noises in the images. Theory, computer simulations, and experiments were presented. </p>
<p>A pulse-echo image of a super-resolution (0.65 mm versus a two-way diffraction-limited resolution of 2.65 mm) and 31-dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained with an ultrasound experiment using a 0.5-mm diameter modulator and 1.483-mm wavelength. Another ultrasound experiment shows that a wave source was imaged at a super-resolution (0.5 mm versus a one-way diffraction limited resolution of 3.63 mm) at about 30-dB SNR, using the same modulator size and wavelength. </p>
<p>In addition, a PSF-weighted super-resolution imaging method based on the PSF modulation method was developed. This method is easier to implement but may have some limitations. With a proper choice of a modulator and imaging system, nanoscale imaging is possible using the methods developed. </p>
مفهوم المنقذ في الأديان الوضعية
Authors: التميمي الاستاذ الدكتور هادي , حسين الباحثة نور 
Published: August 2023

تمركزت عقيدة المنقذ في جوهر كل إيمان واعتقاد ديني لذا كانت فلسفة الانتظار لهذا المنقذ موجودة في كل دين سماوي أو وضعي وما من دين على الأرض سواء كان سماويا أو وضعيا إلاّ وكانت فكرة المنقذ تشكل فيه اعتقادا وايمانا جوهريا مرورا بفلسفة الانتظار التي تمثل الخطوة العملية لذلك الايمان وتلك العقيدة.
إن الدين هو التعبير الاكمل عن الحقائق الإنسانية، والإسلام هو التعبير الاكمل والانضج عما يخص الحقائق الدينية من ثم فإن الصورة الإسلامية التي ارتسمت لهذا المنقذ العالمي هي الاكمل والاشمل والانضج من بين كل الاديان التي سبقته.
تحولت هذه الفكرة (فكرة الايمان بمنقذ مخلص) إلى صور ايجابية في الحركة العملية للإنسان بمختلف معتقداته ومشاربه، إذ أن فكرة المنقذ هذه هي الحياة المثلى التي يتمنى الإنسان ان يصل إليها،و منها ينبع الامل فأصبح الأمل المنشود والطموح المعقود على هذه الفكرة هو الدافع للحياة والمثابرة والعمل من أجل أن يسعد الإنسان أخيه الإنسان.
كان هناك كثير من المحطات المهمة في عقيدة المنقذ ومرتكزاته في الأديان المختلفة سماوية كانت أم وضعية من خلال المشتركات في النصوص المقدسة أو المصادر الجغرافية والتأريخية وصولاً الى جملة من المشتركات في كل الأديان فدفعنا الى التصديق والتسليم المطلق بعقيدة المنقذ لدرجة إنها تكون أمراً لا محيص عنه.
الإرهاب وحقوق الإنسان في نظر مجاهدي الحشد الشعبي
Authors: محمد فاضل 
Published: August 2023

تبحث النفوس عن الأمن والأمان، سواء فيما يتعلق بالنفس ومتطلباتها كـ(الأمن الصحي، والأمن النفسي، والأمن الغذائي، والأمن الإقتصادي، والأمن الأخلاقي)، وكذلك فيما يتعلق بالمجتمع وترابطه كـ(الأمن في الأوطان، والأمن على الأعراض، والأمن على الأموال والممتلكات)، ونتيجة لفقدان هذه المتطلبات تحصل الإضطرابات في البلدان تستغلها فئات ضالة تشيع القتل والدمار بين المواطنين لتحقيق مآربها تفضي إلى أعمال همجية - إرهابية - تؤذي الإنسان وتنتهك حقوقه .
تشكّل قضية الإرهاب اليوم إحد أبرز المعضلات التي تواجه الدول على إختلافها، ذلك أنّ الإرهاب لم يعد ظاهرة مجرّدة ومنعزلة، بل موضوعاً يتجاوز النظريات وشرح النتائج، ويستوجب إيجاد آليات وديناميات ثقافية لمواجهته، تستدعي إجراء تغييرات في سلوك الأفراد والجماعات والدّول، فضلاً عن توحيد الجهود الدولية كافة لوضع حد لهذه الأزمة ومجابهة خطرها المتنامي الذي بات الشغل الشاغل لكثير من الأمم للتغلب على هذه المجموعات الإرهابية .
وتعمل الأعمال الإرهابية على نشر الرعب والخوف بين المواطنين، وتؤدي الى سفك الدماء والتعذيب والتهجير، فضلاً عن تدمير الممتلكات العامة والخاصة، وتدهور الأوضاع الأمنية للبلاد، منتهكةً بذلك كل المعايير الدولية لحقوق الإنسان، وما حصل للعراق عام 2014 خير شاهدٍ على هذه التصرفات الوحشية عندما إستولى تنظيم (داعش) الإرهابي على ثلث الأراضي العراقية، مارس خلالها كل أنواع الإجرام في الأرواح والممتلكات، والآثار، وهجر الملايين من أبنائة من سكناهم .
وبفضل المرجعية الدينية وفتوى الجهاد الكفائي للمرجع السيستاني (دام ظله)، هَّبَ المجاهدين من أغلب المدن والقرى والقصبات العراقية وبمختلف الفئات العمرية لتلبية النداء وتشكيل (الحشد الشعبي) لدحر الإرهاب والسير نحو الحرية والعدل، والأمن والأمان للبلاد والعباد .
Sample-based Spectral Mapping around Landing Sites on the Moon—Lunar Timescale Part 1
Authors: Bultel B. , Werner S. C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Studying the geology of a terrestrial body and its evolution requires being able to set up a chronology. Crater statistics is a powerful tool to do so. However, calibration of this method, which is derived on the Moon, requires properly defined geological units, large enough for reliable crater statistics, and dated samples representative of these geological units. Yet, little effort has been put into choosing a representative set of lunar mission units and samples based on spectral information. Therefore, accuracy and precision of so-called cratering-chronology models remain limited. Here, we analyzed near-infrared orbital data to suggest a geological unit as a reference unit for Apollo 11, 12, 14–17 and Luna 16, 20, and 24 landing sites. We used near-infrared spectral information from orbital data and laboratory measurements to identify the set of samples that is the most representative of the landing-site reference units. We now provide spectrally constrained reference units, for which crater frequencies can be derived, and our sample recommendation will assign the reference age for updating the currently existing cratering-chronology models. We highlight that determining a reference geological unit in the highlands of the Moon is challenging because of the very nature of the terrain, while it is more straightforward for mare units. However, ejecta presence on these mare units comprises solvable challenges.
Unusual Cause of Recurrent Syncope in an Elderly Patient: Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Contractor Priyal , Damor Parth , Gandhi Archana U. , Bhowmick Suvorit Subhas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by various combinations of autonomic dysfunction, parkinsonism, and cerebellar dysfunction. Autonomic dysfunction has a debilitating course in patients of MSA, compared to other neurodegenerative disorders presenting with parkinsonism or ataxia. We report a case of MSA presenting with recurrent syncope due to orthostatic hypotension. We highlight that if not recognized, such patients may receive potentially harmful interventions.
Study on the Effectiveness of Percutaneous Needle Tendo Achilles Tenotomy in Congenital Talipes Equinovarus Children
Authors: Madhuchandra P. , Sunilsanthosh G. , Raju K. P. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV) is one of the most common deformities that affects the human foot and ankle, and Ponseti method of correction is universally accepted procedure. Most of the patients need a percutaneous tenotomy of tendo Achilles for residual equinus deformity. Various methods of tenotomy such as cataract knife, No. 11 blade, and 21-G needle are available. We studied the effectiveness of percutaneous needle tenotomy of the Achilles tendon in CTEV children for residual equinus deformity.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-three patients of serially manipulated and casted CTEV patients were subjected to a percutaneous needle tenotomy at our institute, followed by cast and orthosis. Tenotomy and regeneration were confirmed ultrasonologically and complete tenotomy was demonstrated by animal cadaver study.

Results:
All the patients were followed up regularly and an average of 25° of passive dorsiflexion was achieved at an average of 2-year follow-up. No cases of skin scarring, neurovascular compromise, stiffness, or cast complications were noted in our series.

Conclusion:
We conclude that percutaneous needle tenotomy for residual equinus deformity in a serially casted CTEV patient is a simple, effective, and safe method in giving a functionally and cosmetically good plantigrade foot.
Profile of Screen Time and Its Determinants in Under-five Children in a Rural Indian Population
Authors: Gayathri S. , Satheesh T. , Shanmugam Karthikeyan , Osborn A. Jenit 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Excess screen viewing can deteriorate the well-being of under-five children. Identifying the modifiable screen determinants can pave the way to develop strategies for optimization.

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to study the profile of screen time among children between 12 and 59 months of age and to determine the risk factors associated with increased screen time.

Materials and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was done in rural villages of Tamil Nadu among 418 children aged 12–59 months by universal sampling method during August 2021 to January 2022. Parents of the children were interviewed using a predesigned semi-structured questionnaire.

Results:
The prevalence of screen viewing among the study population was 96.9% and their average screen time was 106.85 ± 77.95 min/day. The prevalence of excess screen time (nonadherence to the WHO recommendations) was estimated to be 70%. The most common reason for offering screen time to children was feeding/mealtime (45.7%). The risk determinants identified for higher screen time were access to multiple gadgets (P < 0.001), first screen exposure before 1 year of age (P < 0.001), having erratic screen-viewing hours (P = 0.002), snacking during screen time (P < 0.001), screen time before bed (P < 0.001), and those who were overweight (P = 0.027). Maternal screen time and children’s screen time had a positive association (r = 0.367, P < 0.001), whereas children’s screen time and sleep duration were negatively associated (r = −0.139, P = 0.004).

Conclusions:
This study reiterates the high prevalence of excess screen time among the study population. Multiple risk determinants identified can be utilized to plan interventions and awareness programs to regulate screen time in under-five children.
Role of POP Boot Traction in Lower Limb Deformities
Authors: Mishra Sudhir Ramkishore , Kumar Dileep , Yadav Ganesh , Gupta Anil Kumar , Srivastava Mohit Kishore 
Published: August 2023

Background:
In India, postpolio residual paralysis (PPRP) patients, present with multiple deformities, which requires surgical intervention, and in rural setting, it poses a big challenge for doctors. Traction is one of the oldest treatments in fracture reduction and deformity correction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of plaster of Paris (POP) boot traction for the correction of lower limb deformities in PPRP patients.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective case series represents 14 cases of PPRP with hip and/or knee deformity treated with POP boot traction for deformity correction, followed by caliper application. Deformities were classified as mild, moderate, and severe and assessed weekly during treatment.

Results:
There were 8 females and 6 males. The mean age of participants was 22.21 ± 8.107 years, and the mean duration of traction was 5.21 ± 1.76 weeks. There were seven patients with unilateral knee deformity, two patients with bilateral knee deformity, two patients with unilateral hip and knee deformity, and three patients with bilateral hip and knee deformity. The mean baseline deformity angle was 37.41, and the mean postprocedure deformity angle was 15.89.

Conclusions:
POP boot traction is a low-cost intervention in PPRP patients and can give promising results in the correction of lower limb deformities.