bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the elastic modulus of landfast ice from wave observations
Authors: Voermans Joey J. , Rabault Jean , Marchenko Aleksey , Nose Takehiko , Waseda Takuji , Babanin Alexander V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProgress in our understanding of wave–ice interactions is currently hindered by the lack of in situ observations and information of sea-ice properties, including the elastic modulus. Here, we estimate the effective elastic modulus of sea ice using observations of waves in ice through the deployment of three open-source geophone recorders on landfast sea ice. From observations of low-frequency dispersive waves, we obtain an estimate of the effective elastic modulus in the range of 0.4–0.7 GPa. This is lower than the purely elastic modulus of the ice estimated at 1 GPa as derived from in situ beam experiments. Importantly, our experimental observation is significantly lower than the default value currently in use in wave models. While our estimate is not representative for all sea ice, it does indicate that considerably more measurements are required to provide confidence in the development of parameterizations for this complex sea-ice property for wave models.
A Systematic Review of Interventions Promoting Parental Involvement in the Education of School-Aged Children With Disabilities
Authors: Musendo David John , Scherer Nathaniel , Jepkosgei Joyline , Maweu Lillian , Mupiwa Audrey , Hara Onai , Polack Sarah , Patel Daksha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to systematically map and synthesise literature on interventions that promote the involvement of parents of school-aged children with disabilities in education. The study focused on peer-reviewed, primary intervention studies published in English between 2000 and 2021. Nine databases were searched, and 21 articles were identified and included in the review. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies, and narrative analysis was used to synthesise the data. The duration of the interventions varied from 7 to 36 months. Most studies were conducted within the context of high-income countries and focused on parents of children with intellectual disabilities. Most studies reported positive effects on one or more groups: parents, children, schools, and communities. However, there was heterogeneity in the outcome measures used, which limits comparability across interventions. The quality assessment revealed high-/medium-bias risks in most articles. Future research should include higher quality studies driven by theoretical models. The results support the need for more research on parental involvement in the education of children with disabilities, especially intervention studies within the context of low- and medium-income countries.
The fall of Trump: mobilization and vote switching in the 2020 presidential election
Authors: Shino Enrijeta , McKee Seth C. , Smith Daniel A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVoters use salient issues to inform their vote choice. Using 2020 Cooperative Election Study (CES) data, we analyze how short-, medium-, and long-term issues informed the vote for president in the 2020 election, which witnessed record-setting participation. To explain the dynamics of presidential vote choice, we employ a voter typology advanced by Key (1966). Specifically, compared to standpatters, who in 2020 registered the same major party vote as in 2016, we find that new voters in 2020 and voters switching their preferences from 2016 cast their ballots in favor of Democrat Joe Biden. In the end, President Donald Trump was denied reelection by new voters and vote switchers principally because certain issues had a notable effect in moving their presidential preferences in the Democratic direction.
Ambivalence de la valeur. La solution de Gilbert Simondon
Authors: Amat Matthieu 
Published: September 2023

RésuméLe concept de valeur est souvent disqualifié pour son ambivalence : la valeur croît et décroît ; elle est reconnue par les uns, mais pas par les autres. Les philosophies de la valeur seraient subjectivistes ou contaminées par une rationalité économique. Nous montrons, à partir de Gilbert Simondon, que la valeur peut être conçue comme une grandeur variable sans tomber dans le nivellement ou le relativisme axiologique. Ceci implique de congédier la séparation néokantienne de l'ontologie et de l'axiologie, de rejeter la conception de la culture comme ensemble de valeurs (et la bipolarité des oppositions de valeur), et enfin de mobiliser une analogie physico-mathématique plutôt qu’économique pour penser la valeur.
The endocannabinoid system as a putative target for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of psychiatric illnesses
Authors: Hill Matthew N. , Haney Margaret , Hillard Cecilia J. , Karhson Debra S. , Vecchiarelli Haley A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCannabis is well established to impact affective states, emotion and perceptual processing, primarily through its interactions with the endocannabinoid system. While cannabis use is quite prevalent in many individuals afflicted with psychiatric illnesses, there is considerable controversy as to whether cannabis may worsen these conditions or provide some form of therapeutic benefit. The development of pharmacological agents which interact with components of the endocannabinoid system in more localized and discrete ways then via phytocannabinoids found in cannabis, has allowed the investigation if direct targeting of the endocannabinoid system itself may represent a novel approach to treat psychiatric illness without the potential untoward side effects associated with cannabis. Herein we review the current body of literature regarding the various pharmacological tools that have been developed to target the endocannabinoid system, their impact in preclinical models of psychiatric illness and the recent data emerging of their utilization in clinical trials for psychiatric illnesses, with a specific focus on substance use disorders, trauma-related disorders, and autism. We highlight several candidate drugs which target endocannabinoid function, particularly inhibitors of endocannabinoid metabolism or modulators of cannabinoid receptor signaling, which have emerged as potential candidates for the treatment of psychiatric conditions, particularly substance use disorder, anxiety and trauma-related disorders and autism spectrum disorders. Although there needs to be ongoing clinical work to establish the potential utility of endocannabinoid-based drugs for the treatment of psychiatric illnesses, the current data available is quite promising and shows indications of several potential candidate diseases which may benefit from this approach.
Depressive symptoms in youth before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: longitudinal investigation of patterns dependent on age, sex, and family history of mental illness
Authors: Howes Vallis Emily , Stephens Meg , Ross Briana , Rempel Sheri , Howard Cynthia , Liu Dara , Villars Kelsey , Mazurka Raegan , Cumby Jill , Alda Martin , Pavlova Barbara , Uher Rudolf 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCross-sectional studies report high levels of depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in youth and females. However, longitudinal research comparing depressive symptoms before and during the pandemic is lacking. Little is known about how the pandemic affected individuals with familial history of mental illness. The present study examines the impact of the pandemic on youth depressive symptoms, including offspring of parents with major mood and psychotic disorders.MethodsBetween March 2018 and February 2020, we measured depressive symptoms in 412 youth aged 5–25 years. We measured depressive symptoms again in 371 (90%) of these youth between April 2020 and May 2022. Two thirds (249) participants had a biological parent with a major mood or psychotic disorder. We tested the effect of the pandemic by comparing depression symptoms before and after March 2020. We examined age, sex, and family history as potential moderators.ResultsWe found an overall small increase in youth depressive symptoms (b = 0.07, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.15, p = 0.062). This was driven by an increase in female youth without familial history of mental illness (b = 0.35, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.56, p = 0.001). There was no change in depressive symptoms among offspring of parents with mental illness or males.ConclusionsOur results provide reassurance about the wellbeing of children of parents with mental illness during a period of restricted access to resources outside the family. Rather than increasing symptoms in established risk groups, the pandemic led to a redistribution of depression burden towards segments of the youth population that were previously considered to be low-risk.
Rape in early China: two case studies
Authors: Milburn Olivia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith the exception of legal texts, surviving records of rape in early China have been the subject of little academic study to date. This is the result of a number of factors, including the criminalization of both consensual and non-consensual sex outside of marriage in ancient China, the tradition of using euphemistic vocabulary to refer to such topics, considerable variation, depending on time and place, as to what constitutes rape and discomfort that some very famous men are said to have committed crimes of rape and sexual violence. This article examines two famous and well-documented incidents – one concerning the rape of a woman in peacetime, the other an instance of mass gang rape during war – to explore the specific challenges of studying sexual violence in ancient civilizations. Ignoring early accounts of rape serves to significantly distort our understanding of some key events in Chinese history and perverts the textual record.
Phenotypic characterization of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) revealed promising genotypes for moisture stress conditions
Authors: Lora Anusha P. , Ratnakumar P. , Pandey B. B. , Sandhya Rani P. , Umamahesh V. , Reddi Sekhar M. , Chandrika V. , Yadav Praduman , Mohapatra S. , Padmaja D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSoil moisture deficit is the major constraint for sesame crop production during its main rainfed and summer cultivation seasons. In summer cultivation, the crop frequently gets exposed to soil moisture deficit at various crop growth stages. Therefore, it is essential to identify the traits along with promising genotypes adapted to soil moisture deficit. A set of 35 sesame genotypes with checks was used to quantify the variation in morpho-physiological, yield, and quality traits under irrigated (WW) and deficit soil moisture stress (WS) conditions in the summer seasons of 2021 and 2022. The analysis of variance revealed the presence of high variability among the genotypes for various measured traits. The mean performance indicated that WS negatively affects the growth, development, yield and quality traits. Moreover, the correlation, path analysis and D2 analysis studies suggested that the traits, viz. leaf area (LA), total dry matter (TDM), canopy temperature (CT), number of branches per plant (NBP) and number of seeds per capsule (NSC) were significantly associated with seed yield under both the conditions. Quality traits like palmitic acid and oleic acid correlated positively with seed yield, particularly under WS. Furthermore, the genotypes with lower canopy temperatures were found to be better seed yielders under WS. In addition, mean performance and cluster analysis suggested that the genotypes: IC- 205776, JSCDT-112, JCSDT-26, IC-205610, and IC-204300, secured higher seed yield along with superior agronomical traits and net photosynthetic rate. These selected genotypes were most promising and could be used in future sesame crop improvement programmes.
The Climate and Environment Charter for Humanitarian Organizations: Strengthening the humanitarian response to the climate and environment crises
Authors: Grayson Catherine-Lune , Khouzam Amir , Jayamaha Nishanie , Julmy Stephanie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince its launch in 2021, the Climate and Environment Charter for Humanitarian Organizations (the Charter) has been signed by hundreds of humanitarian actors across the world, including local and national organizations, United Nations agencies, National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, and large international NGOs. The Charter's development grew out of a sector-wide recognition that humanitarians have a role to play in addressing the crises of climate change and environmental degradation, and that fulfilling this role would entail changing how they work. Two years into its existence, the Charter has helped build momentum towards this change and has provided a useful measurement tool for how much remains to be done.This paper traces the origins, inspiration and process of the Charter from the perspective of the present authors, who co-led the Charter's development. The article highlights some of the challenges that we faced and how these were addressed. In taking stock of progress towards the Charter's goals, the article flags areas where further effort is needed to adequately strengthen the humanitarian response to the climate and environmental crises.
Introducing Cambridge Prisms Water: Solutions for managing an essential resource and critical hazard
Authors: Fenner Richard , Savic Dragan , Adamowski Jan , Ajami Newsha , Ghosh Subimal , Kapetas Leon , Koundouri Phoebe , Rajapakse Jay 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Water is a vital resource essential for both sustaining life and a healthy environment as well as being a critical hazard in the form of floods or droughts which can destroy people’s livelihoods and property. This gives rise to a multi-faceted set of concerns and issues that affect everybody. For example, when contaminated with pathogens, wastewater can carry and rapidly transmit disease. The global distribution of freshwater is uneven and the problems this creates are likely to get worse due to climate change and the uncertainties associated with changing rainfall patterns and the emergence of more extreme weather events. Water has been described as the “new oil,” with potential conflicts arising out of disputed access to scarce water resources in the rest of this century. Billions of people around the world still do not have access to adequate safe water supplies or basic sanitation facilities, so in bringing basic water services to all there is much still to be done.
Traumatherapie
Authors: Schwartzkopff Laura , Gutermann Jana , Müller-Engelmann Meike 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung: Hintergrund: Ein signifikanter Anteil traumatisierter Patient_innen erhält keine spezielle psychotherapeutische Behandlung. Fragestellung: Ziel war die Untersuchung der Versorgungssituation von traumatisierten Patient_innen sowie der Barrieren und Motivationsfaktoren für die Inanspruchnahme einer Traumatherapie. Methoden: Es nahmen 104 traumatisierte Erwachsene teil, die auf der Suche nach einem Behandlungsplatz waren. Mittels halbstrukturierter Einzelinterviews sowie einem Online-Fragebogen, wurden quantitative und qualitative Daten erhoben. Letztere wurden inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Im Durchschnitt suchten Patient_innen bereits 13.47 Monate ( SD = 33.88) nach einem traumaspezifischen Therapieplatz, 39 % hatten mehr als vier Stellen kontaktiert. 56.5 % nannten den Therapieplatzmangel, 30.6 % die Wartezeiten als Barrieren. Motivationsfaktoren waren besonders die professionelle Beurteilung der Behandlungsbedürftigkeit sowie die Symptombelastung. Therapieerwartungen umfassten die Hoffnung auf Symptomreduktion, Verbesserungen von Beziehungen und Lebensqualität sowie den Wunsch nach Traumabearbeitung. 63.3 % wünschten sich einen akzeptierenden und verständnisvollen Therapeuten. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Inanspruchnahme einer Traumatherapie ist mit Barrieren verbunden, insbesondere im Hinblick auf verfügbare Plätze. Klinische Implikationen werden diskutiert.
Importance of Dense Aquatic Vegetation in Seasonal Phosphate and Particle Transport in an Agricultural Headwater Stream
Authors: Field Hannah R. , Sawyer Audrey H. , Welch Susan A. , Benefiel Ryan K. , Mathie Devan M. , Hood James M. , Pawlowski Ethan D. , Karwan Diana L. , Kreiling Rebecca M. , Johnson Zackary I. , Hanrahan Brittany R. , King Kevin W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAgricultural headwater streams and ditches commonly host dense stands of aquatic vegetation that grow and decay over seasons and exert physical and biological controls on the transport of nutrients from cropland to larger rivers. This study examined changes in the transport of phosphorus (P) in an agricultural drainage ditch in the Maumee River Basin (Ohio, USA) by conducting constant rate injections of a novel tracer mixture (conservative salt [Cl as NaCl], dissolved P [KH2PO4], and a fluorescent fine particle) in spring, summer, and fall. We quantified transport behavior for solutes and particles using a traditional transient storage modeling framework consisting of mobile and immobile storage zones connected by a first‐order exchange rate constant. Transient storage was greatest during the spring, when thicker vegetation caused more pooling and flow stagnation, and decreased through fall, as vegetation thinned. Soluble P uptake lengths were 8.7 times longer in fall than spring, likely due to declines in biological uptake rates with colder temperatures and immobile zone storage with thinning vegetation. Particle capture lengths also decreased by a factor of 4.3 from fall to spring. With the increasing eutrophication of Lake Erie and waterbodies around the world that lie downstream from agricultural landscapes, it is beneficial to understand nutrient transport across watersheds, including small agricultural streams. This study highlights the physical and biological roles that aquatic vegetation plays in small agricultural streams by creating seasonally variable immobile zones that slow the flow of nutrients, providing surface area for biofilms, and capturing particles that bind nutrients.
Magnetic Field Observations on Interhemispheric Conjugate Chains
Authors: Weimer D. R. , Clauer C. R. , Xu Z. , Coyle S. , Hartinger M. D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA chain of magnetometers has been placed in Antarctica for comparisons with magnetic field measurements taken in the Northern Hemisphere. The locations were chosen to be on magnetic field lines that connect to magnetometers on the western coast of Greenland, despite the difficulty of reaching and working at such remote locations. We report on some basic comparisons of the similarities and differences in the conjugate measurements. Our results presented here confirm that the conjugate sites do have very similar (symmetric) magnetic perturbations in a handful of cases, as expected. Sign reversals are required for two components in order to obtain this agreement, which is not commonly known. More frequently, a strong Y component of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF) breaks the symmetry, as well as the unequal conductivities in the opposite hemispheres, as shown in two examples. In one event the IMF Y component reversed signs twice within 2 hours, while the magnetometer chains were approaching local noon. This switch provided an opportunity to observe the effects at the conjugate locations and to measure time lags. It was found that the magnetic fields at the most poleward sites started to respond to the sudden IMF reversals 20 min after the IMF reaches the bow shock, a measure of the time it takes for the electromagnetic signal to travel to the magnetopause, and then along magnetic field lines to the polar ionospheres. An additional 9–14 min is required for the magnetic perturbations to complete their transition.
Circadian rhythm disruptions associated with opioid use disorder in synaptic proteomes of human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens
Authors: Puig Stephanie , Xue Xiangning , Salisbury Ryan , Shelton Micah A. , Kim Sam-Moon , Hildebrand Mariah A. , Glausier Jill R. , Freyberg Zachary , Tseng George C. , Yocum Anastasia K. , Lewis David A. , Seney Marianne L. , MacDonald Matthew L. , Logan Ryan W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOpioid craving and relapse vulnerability is associated with severe and persistent sleep and circadian rhythm disruptions. Understanding the neurobiological underpinnings of circadian rhythms and opioid use disorder (OUD) may prove valuable for developing new treatments for opioid addiction. Previous work indicated molecular rhythm disruptions in the human brain associated with OUD, highlighting synaptic alterations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc)—key brain regions involved in cognition and reward, and heavily implicated in the pathophysiology of OUD. To provide further insights into the synaptic alterations in OUD, we used mass-spectrometry based proteomics to deeply profile protein expression alterations in bulk tissue and synaptosome preparations from DLPFC and NAc of unaffected and OUD subjects. We identified 55 differentially expressed (DE) proteins in DLPFC homogenates, and 44 DE proteins in NAc homogenates, between unaffected and OUD subjects. In synaptosomes, we identified 161 and 56 DE proteins in DLPFC and NAc, respectively, of OUD subjects. By comparing homogenate and synaptosome protein expression, we identified proteins enriched specifically in synapses that were significantly altered in both DLPFC and NAc of OUD subjects. Across brain regions, synaptic protein alterations in OUD subjects were primarily identified in glutamate, GABA, and circadian rhythm signaling. Using time-of-death (TOD) analyses, where the TOD of each subject is used as a time-point across a 24-h cycle, we were able to map circadian-related changes associated with OUD in synaptic proteomes associated with vesicle-mediated transport and membrane trafficking in the NAc and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta signaling in DLPFC. Collectively, our findings lend further support for molecular rhythm disruptions in synaptic signaling in the human brain as a key factor in opioid addiction.
G protein-biased LPAR1 agonism of prototypic antidepressants: Implication in the identification of novel therapeutic target for depression
Authors: Kajitani Naoto , Okada-Tsuchioka Mami , Inoue Asuka , Miyano Kanako , Masuda Takeshi , Boku Shuken , Iwamoto Kazuya , Ohtsuki Sumio , Uezono Yasuhito , Aoki Junken , Takebayashi Minoru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrototypic antidepressants, such as tricyclic/tetracyclic antidepressants (TCAs), have multiple pharmacological properties and have been considered to be more effective than newer antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, in treating severe depression. However, the clinical contribution of non-monoaminergic effects of TCAs remains elusive. In this study, we discovered that amitriptyline, a typical TCA, directly binds to the lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPAR1), a G protein-coupled receptor, and activates downstream G protein signaling, while exerting a little effect on β-arrestin recruitment. This suggests that amitriptyline acts as a G protein-biased agonist of LPAR1. This biased agonism was specific to TCAs and was not observed with other antidepressants. LPAR1 was found to be involved in the behavioral effects of amitriptyline. Notably, long-term infusion of mouse hippocampus with the potent G protein-biased LPAR agonist OMPT, but not the non-biased agonist LPA, induced antidepressant-like behavior, indicating that G protein-biased agonism might be necessary for the antidepressant-like effects. Furthermore, RNA-seq analysis revealed that LPA and OMPT have opposite patterns of gene expression changes in the hippocampus. Pathway analysis indicated that long-term treatment with OMPT activated LPAR1 downstream signaling (Rho and MAPK), whereas LPA suppressed LPAR1 signaling. Our findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the non-monoaminergic antidepressant effects of TCAs and identify the G protein-biased agonism of LPAR1 as a promising target for the development of novel antidepressants.