bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of orthognathic surgery on voice and speech: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vilanova Izabela Dahmer , Almeida Suzanne Bettega , de Araújo Valkleidson Santos , Santos Rosane Sampaio , Schroder Angela Graciela Deliga , Zeigelboim Bianca Simone , Corrêa Camila de Castro , Taveira Karinna Veríssimo Meira , de Araujo Cristiano Miranda 
Published: July 2023

Summary

Background
Orthognathic surgical procedures, whether in one or both jaws, can affect structures regarding the articulation and resonance of voice and speech.

Objective
Evaluating the impact of orthognathic surgery on voice and speech performance in individuals with skeletal dentofacial disharmony.

Search methods
Word combinations and truncations were adapted for the following electronic databases: EMBASE, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), and grey literature.

Selection criteria
The research included studies on nonsyndromic adults with skeletal dentofacial disharmony undergoing orthognathic surgery. These studies assessed patients before and after surgery or compared them with individuals with good facial harmony using voice and speech parameters through validated protocols.

Data collection and analysis
Two independent reviewers performed all stages of the review. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used to assess risk of bias in the cohort studies, and ROBINS-I was used for nonrandomized clinical trials. The authors also performed a meta-analysis of random effects.

Results
A total of 1163 articles were retrieved after the last search, of which 23 were read in full. Of these, four were excluded, totalling 19 articles for quantitative synthesis. When comparing the pre- and postoperative periods, both for fundamental frequency, formants, and jitter and shimmer perturbation measures, orthognathic surgery did not affect vowel production. According to the articles, the main articulatory errors associated with skeletal dentofacial disharmonies prior to surgery were distortions of fricative sounds, mainly/s/ and/z/.

Conclusions
Orthognathic surgery may have little or no impact on vocal characteristics during vowel production. However, due to the confounding factors involved, estimates are inconclusive. The most prevalent articulatory disorders in the preoperative period were distortion of the fricative phonemes/s/ and/z/. However, further studies must be carried out to ensure greater robustness to these findings.

Registration
PROSPERO (CRD42022291113)
Long-term survival following transvenous lead extraction: unpicking differences according to sex
Authors: Mehta Vishal S , Wijesuriya Nadeev , DeVere Felicity , Howell Sandra , Elliott Mark K , Mannakarra Nilanka , Hamakarim Tatiana , Niederer Steven , Razavi Reza , Rinaldi Christopher A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
Female sex is a recognized risk factor for procedure-related major complications including in-hospital mortality following transvenous lead extraction (TLE). Long-term outcomes following TLE stratified by sex are unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors influencing long-term survival in patients undergoing TLE according to sex.

Methods and results
Clinical data from consecutive patients undergoing TLE in the reference centre between 2000 and 2019 were prospectively collected. The total cohort was divided into groups based on sex. We evaluated the association of demographic, clinical, device-related, and procedure-related factors on long-term mortality. A total of 1151 patients were included, with mean 66-month follow-up and mortality of 34.2% (n = 392). The majority of patients were male (n = 834, 72.4%) and 312 (37.4%) died. Males were more likely to die on follow-up [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.58 (1.23–2.02), P &lt; 0.001]. Males had a higher mean age at explant (66.2 ± 13.9 vs. 61.3 ± 16.3 years, P &lt; 0.001), greater mean co-morbidity burden (2.14 vs. 1.27, P &lt; 0.001), and lower mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (43.4 ± 14.0 vs. 50.8 ± 12.7, P = 0.001). For the female cohort, age &gt; 75 years [HR = 3.45 (1.99–5.96), P &lt; 0.001], estimated glomerular filtration rate &lt; 60 [HR = 1.80 (1.03–3.11), P = 0.037], increasing co-morbidities (HR = 1.29 (1.06–1.56), P = 0.011), and LVEF per percentage increase [HR = 0.97 (0.95–0.99), P = 0.005] were all significant factors predicting mortality. The same factors influenced mortality in the male cohort; however, the HRs were lower.

Conclusion
Female patients undergoing TLE have more favourable long-term outcomes than males with lower long-term mortality. Similar factors influenced mortality in both groups.
Challenges in using transcriptome data to study the c-di-GMP signaling network in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates
Authors: Gür Melisa , Erdmann Jelena , Will Anke , Liang Ziwei , Andersen Jens Bo , Tolker-Nielsen Tim , Häussler Susanne 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type strain PA14, 40 genes are known to encode for diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) and/or phosphodiesterases (PDEs), which modulate the intracellular pool of the nucleotide second messenger c-di-GMP. While in general, high levels of c-di-GMP drive the switch from highly motile phenotypes towards a sessile lifestyle, the different c-di-GMP modulating enzymes are responsible for smaller and in parts nonoverlapping phenotypes. In this study, we sought to utilize previously recorded P. aeruginosa gene expression datasets on 414 clinical isolates to uncover transcriptional changes as a result of a high expression of genes encoding DGCs. This approach might provide a unique opportunity to bypass the problem that for many c-di-GMP modulating enzymes it is not known under which conditions their expression is activated. However, while we demonstrate that the selection of subgroups of clinical isolates with high versus low expression of sigma factor encoding genes served the identification of their downstream regulons, we were unable to confirm the predicted DGC regulons, because the high c-di-GMP associated phenotypes were rapidly lost in the clinical isolates,. Further studies are needed to determine the specific mechanisms underlying the loss of cyclase activity upon prolonged cultivation of clinical P. aeruginosa isolates.
Differential Associations Between Depressive Symptom-Domains With Anxiety, Loneliness, and Cognition in a Sample of Community Older Chinese Adults: A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes Approach
Authors: Liu Tianyin , Peng Man-Man , Wong Frankie H C , Leung Dara K Y , Zhang Wen , Wong Gloria H Y , Lum Terry Y S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Depressive symptoms are common in older adults, and often co-occur with other mental health problems. However, knowledge about depressive symptom-domains and their associations with other conditions is limited. This study examined depressive symptom-domains and associations with anxiety, cognition, and loneliness.

Research Design and Methods
A sample of 3,795 participants aged 60 years and older were recruited from the community in Hong Kong. They were assessed for depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9]), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item), loneliness (UCLA 3-item), and cognition (Montreal Cognitive Assessment 5-Minute Protocol). Summary descriptive statistics were calculated, followed by confirmatory factor analysis of PHQ-9. Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes analysis was used to examine the associations between mental health conditions in the general sample and subgroups based on depressive symptom severity.

Results
A 4-factor model based on the Research Domain Criteria showed the best model fit of PHQ-9 (χ2/df = 10.63, Root-Mean-Square Error of Approximation = 0.05, Comparative Fit Index = 0.96, Tucker–Lewis Index = 0.93). After adjusting for demographics, 4 depressive symptom-domains were differentially associated with anxiety, loneliness, and cognition across different depression severity groups. The Negative Valance Systems and Internalizing domain (NVS-I; guilt and self-harm) were consistently associated with anxiety (β = 0.45, 0.44) and loneliness (β = 0.11, 0.27) regardless of depression severity (at risk/mild vs moderate and more severe, respectively, all p &lt; .001).

Discussion and Implications
The consistent associations between the NVS-I domain of depression with anxiety and loneliness warrant attention. Simultaneous considerations of depressive symptom-domains and symptom severity are needed for designing more personalized care.

Clinical Trials Registration Number
NCT03593889
Unravelling a midcrustal seismogenic fault structure from a seismic sequence and geophysical data: application to the 28 October 2022ML 4.1 Goesan earthquake in the central Korean Peninsula
Authors: Hong Tae-Kyung , Lee Junhyung , Lee Jeongin , Park Seongjun , Kim Byeongwoo , Choi Sungchan 
Published: July 2023

SUMMARYEarthquakes in the Korean Peninsula often occur in subsurface hidden faults that are hardly identified before the seismic activity. We investigate a midcrustal subsurface hidden fault in a seismically quiescent region of the central Korean Peninsula that produced the 28 October 2022 ML 4.1 earthquake. A combined analysis of seismicity, geophysical properties and geological features constrain the subsurface fault geometry. The midcrustal fault may extend to the lineament on the surface that presents low gravity anomalies. The focal mechanism solutions and seismicity distribution suggest that the lineament may correspond to the surface trace of the fault. Further, the responsible fault is a left-lateral strike-slip fault with dip of 88° and bilateral rupture at depths of ∼12–14 km. The lateral extent of the fault may reach &gt;25 km. A series of foreshocks formed the source zone to induce the main shock. The main shock nucleated at a location of lateral contrasts of heat fluxes and magnetic anomalies in the fault. The strong ground motions by the main shock are amplified by the sedimentary layers in the event site, inducing aftershocks to spread along the fault with time. The fault orientation is laid to respond to the ambient stress field. The Coulomb stress changes induced by the main shock load stress the fault, increasing the possibility of another earthquake occurrence. The study suggests that a combined analysis of seismicity, geophysical properties and geological features may provide constraints on seismogenic subsurface hidden faults.
Food and Drug Administration novel drug decisions in 2017: transparency and disclosure prior to and 5 years following approval
Authors: Kaplan Robert M , Koong Amanda J , Irvin Veronica 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 46 novel drugs in 2017. We reviewed availability of results prior to and during the 5 years following each approval. Using the FDA website and ClinicalTrials.gov, we recorded trials cited as evidence for the approval, total number of studies registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, number started and completed before approval, and the frequency and timing of reporting results. The 46 drugs approved in 2017 were evaluated in 1149 studies. The number of studies used to evaluate the 46 drugs ranged from 2 to 165 (mean: 24.98; SD = 28.95). Among these, an average of 9.22 studies (SD = 9.21) were started and 5.82 studies (SD = 6.89) were completed before the approval. A single trial justified approval for 19 of 46 (41%) of the approved products. Public posting of results prior to the FDA approval was available for an average of only 1.42 studies (SD = 3.12). No results were publicly reported before approval for 9 of the 46 drugs (20%). Health care providers and consumers depend on complete and transparent reporting of information about FDA-approved medications. Only a fraction of evidence from completed studies was available before approval and a substantial portion of research evidence remained undisclosed after 5 years.
How research travels to policy: the case of Nordic peace research
Authors: Bramsen Isabel , Hagemann Anine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
How is peace research connected to practice? Observers have argued that peace research has gone from activist, political ideals about changing the world to being a methods-driven field of research that has lost all criticality. This article adds empirical substance to the debate by investigating the case of Nordic peace research and its relationship to practice. Through interview data with more than 60 individuals, including prominent peace and conflict scholars as well as practitioners working with peace and conflict resolution, we conceptualize the practice–research relationship through four ‘travelers’ connecting peace research and practice: 1) researchers, 2) students, 3) theories and concepts and 4) empirical findings. We describe distinct characteristics of the four travelers and discuss the changing impact of peace research over time; from researchers acting as mediators and peace activists to an increasing professionalization that has disentangled peace research and practice, shrinking the space for reflexivity in practice as well as the ability to integrate practical experience into research. We discuss the paths forward in terms of co-creation and suggest that peace research need not necessarily influence policy in terms of concrete policy advice but more so by asking big and difficult questions such as ‘how peace?’ and ‘why war?’
Characterization of boar semen microbiome and association with sperm quality parameters
Authors: McAnally Brooke E , Smith Molly S , Wiegert Jeffrey G , Palanisamy Vignesh , Chitlapilly Dass Sapna , Poole Rebecca K 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Elevated levels of bacteria within fresh extended boar semen are associated with decreased sperm longevity, therefore reducing the fertility of a semen dose. The objective of this study was to characterize the bacterial communities using 16S rRNA sequencing in freshly extended boar semen samples and relate the prevalence and diversity of the microbial population to sperm quality parameters 1) between studs, 2) between pooled and single-sire doses, and 3) over a 5-day period. Eight single-sire (n = 4 per stud) and eight pooled (n = 4 per stud) non-frozen extended semen doses were obtained from two boar studs (A and B). Pooled doses were the composite of the boar’s ejaculates used in single-sire doses. Doses were subsampled for 5 d post-collection. Ten negative controls of each pooled dose (n = 2) and single-sire dose (n = 8) remained sealed until the last day. Microbiome analysis was achieved by examining the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene of flash-frozen samples. Two evaluators determined the average sperm motility and agglutination (0: no adhesion to 3: &gt;50% adhesion) by averaging their estimates together at 10 random locations per slide. Stud A had greater sperm agglutination (1.6 vs. 1.0 ± 0.1; P &lt; 0.01) than stud B. Sperm motility decreased over the 5-day period (P &lt; 0.01) and tended (P = 0.09) to be greater in stud B than A (67.4% vs. 61.5% ± 0.02%). Compared with stud A, stud B had a greater relative abundance of Proteobacteria (60.0% vs. 47.2% ± 1.5%; P &lt; 0.01) and a lower relative abundance of Firmicutes (22.5% vs. 31.9% ± 1.4%; P &lt; 0.01). Moreover, stud A had a greater relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (6.3% vs. 5.3% ± 0.4%; P &lt; 0.01) and Actinobacteria (11.5% vs. 10.1% ± 0.5%; P = 0.05) than stud B. Differences were found in alpha diversity for both Chao1 (P &lt; 0.01) and Shannon (P &lt; 0.01) diversity indexes among days 2, 3, 4, and 5 post-collection to day 1. For beta diversity, unweighted UniFrac metric on days 2, 3, 4, and 5 post-collection differed from those on day 1 (P &lt; 0.01). There were significant correlations between sperm motility and relative abundance of Prevotella (r = −0.29), Ruminococcus (r = −0.24), and Bacteroides (r = −0.32). Additionally, there were significant correlations between sperm motility and Chao1 (r = −0.50) and Shannon’s index (r = −0.36). These results demonstrate that differences in bacterial communities over time and between boar studs can be associated with variation in sperm quality.
Effects of wildfire smoke PM2.5 on indicators of inflammation, health, and metabolism of preweaned Holstein heifers
Authors: Pace Alexandra , Villamediana Patricia , Rezamand Pedram , Skibiel Amy L 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Wildfires are a growing concern as large, catastrophic fires are becoming more commonplace. Wildfire smoke consists of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), which can cause immune responses and disease in humans. However, the present knowledge of the effects of wildfire PM2.5 on dairy cattle is sparse. The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of wildfire-PM2.5 exposure on dairy calf health and performance. Preweaned Holstein heifers (N = 15) were assessed from birth through weaning, coinciding with the 2021 wildfire season. Respiratory rate, heart rate, rectal temperatures, and health scores were recorded and blood samples were collected weekly or twice a week for analysis of hematology, blood metabolites, and acute phase proteins. Hourly PM2.5 concentrations and meteorological data were obtained, and temperature–humidity index (THI) was calculated. Contribution of wildfires to PM2.5 fluxes were determined utilizing AirNowTech Navigator and HYSPLIT modeling. Mixed models were used for data analysis, with separate models for lags of up to 7 d, and fixed effects of daily average PM2.5, THI, and PM2.5 × THI, and calf as a random effect. THI ranged from 48 to 73, while PM2.5 reached concentrations up to 118.8 µg/m3 during active wildfires. PM2.5 and THI positively interacted to elevate respiratory rate, heart rate, rectal temperature, and eosinophils on lag day 0 (day of exposure; all P &lt; 0.05). There was a negative interactive effect of PM2.5 and THI on lymphocytes after a 2-d lag (P = 0.03), and total white blood cells, neutrophils, hemoglobin, and hematocrit after a 3-d lag (all P &lt; 0.02), whereas there was a positive interactive effect on cough scores and eye scores on lag day 3 (all P &lt; 0.02). Glucose and NEFA were increased as a result of combined elevated PM2.5 and THI on lag day 1, whereas BHB was decreased (all P &lt; 0.05). Contrarily, on lag day 3 and 6, there was a negative interactive effect of PM2.5 and THI on glucose and NEFA, but a positive interactive effect on BHB (all P &lt; 0.03). Serum amyloid A was decreased whereas haptoglobin was increased with elevated PM2.5 and THI together on lag days 0 to 4 (all P &lt; 0.05). These findings indicate that exposure to wildfire-derived PM2.5, along with increased THI during the summer months, elicits negative effects on preweaned calf health and performance both during and following exposure.
Computational emotion classification for genre corpora of German tragedies and comedies from 17th to early 19th century
Authors: Dennerlein Katrin , Schmidt Thomas , Wolff Christian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article presents a method of emotion analysis for German drama from the 17th to the 19th century that significantly goes beyond previous research approaches in computational literary studies. It is based on annotations of 17 dramatic texts resulting in 11,939 annotations which were used as training material to fine-tune a German language BERT model that achieves an average accuracy of 73% for the single-label emotion classification of fourteen emotion types in cross-validation. We apply the emotion classification on a corpus of 141 comedies and 92 tragedies to compare these genres. For tragedies, the mean proportion percentages of ‘suffering’ and ‘abhorrence’ are higher than for comedies. Inversely, mean percentages of ‘anger’ and ‘joy’ are higher for comedies than for tragedies. A new finding is the surprisingly high proportion of ‘anger’ in comedies. Emotion distribution of the last scenes in dramatic texts also proves the quality of the classified data in terms of literary studies. In addition, the emotion distribution for several subgenres of comedy is investigated including non-canonical works of wide circulation which reached the recipients directly through the depicted emotions in the Kasperl Plays. Comedies from 1740 to 1770 are characterized by a pairing of higher amounts of ‘friendship’ and ‘love’. Satirical comedies from the same period stand out due to high rates of ‘anger’ as well as ‘suffering’. The very successful Kasperl plays turn out to be characterized by a comparatively large percentage of ‘schadenfreude’ and ‘joy’.
21cmfish: Fisher-matrix framework for fast parameter forecasts from the cosmic 21-cm signal
Authors: Mason Charlotte A , Muñoz Julian B , Greig Bradley , Mesinger Andrei , Park Jaehong 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The 21-cm signal from neutral hydrogen in the early universe will provide unprecedented information about the first stars and galaxies. Extracting this information, however, requires accounting for many unknown astrophysical processes. Seminumerical simulations are key for exploring the vast parameter space of said processes. These simulations use approximate techniques such as excursion-set and perturbation theory to model the 3D evolution of the intergalactic medium, at a fraction of the computational cost of hydrodynamic and/or radiative transfer simulations. However, exploring the enormous parameter space of the first galaxies can still be computationally expensive. Here, we introduce 21cmfish , a Fisher-matrix wrapper for the seminumerical simulation 21cmfast . 21cmfish facilitates efficient parameter forecasts, scaling to significantly higher dimensionalities than MCMC approaches, assuming a multivariate Gaussian posterior. Our method produces comparable parameter uncertainty forecasts to previous MCMC analyses but requires ∼104 × fewer simulations. This enables a rapid way to prototype analyses adding new physics and/or additional parameters. We carry out a forecast for HERA using the largest astrophysical parameter space to date, with 10 free parameters, spanning both population II and III star formation. We find X-ray parameters for the first galaxies could be measured to sub-per cent precision, and, though they are highly degenerate, the stellar-to-halo mass relation and ionizing photon escape fraction for population II and III galaxies can be constrained to $\sim 10~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ precision (logarithmic quantities). Using a principal component analysis, we find HERA is most sensitive to the product of the ionizing escape fraction and the stellar-to-halo mass fraction for population II galaxies.