bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The fragmentation mechanism of granite in electrical breakdown process of plasma channel drilling
Authors: Liu Weiji , Hu Hai , Zhu Xiaohua , Luo Yunxu , Chen Mengqiu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLow rate of penetration (ROP) and high drilling cost are the key problems that encountered in hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal resources exploitation and utilization. Plasma channel drilling (PCD) is a potential technology which has the advantages of high rock-breaking efficiency and ROP. A detailed understanding of the rock-breaking of PCD is essential to optimize the electrical parameters and bit structure. Therefore, this paper uses the probabilistic evolution model and thermo-mechanical coupling model in PFC2D to reveal the generation of plasma channel trajectory and cracks in heterogeneous granite under the high-voltage electric pulse. The results show that increasing temperature on the plasma channel will not alter the trend of initiation and propagation of cracks, but simply reduces the time consumption of crack initiation. The quantity of intragranular shear cracks is always the largest, and they are mainly distributed around the channel. In addition, compared with plasma channels formed when complete electrical breakdown occurs, the maximum depth of the channels of partial electrical breakdown is larger under the same electrode gap. This study also includes an experimental program to examine the granite fragmentation and borehole generation caused by an electrode bit. The research results can provide new ideas and methods for improving the drilling efficiency of HDR formation, and help to design the structural of drill bits based on PCD technology.
Wiedergänger der Geistesgeschichte
Authors: Geulen Eva 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungBei näherer Betrachtung erweist sich die bestens erforschte Dekade der deutschen Geistesgeschichte als ein sehr heterogenes Gebilde ohne einheitliche Methode und einheitlichen Diskursraum, philosophischer oder anderer Provenienz. Gleichwohl kann man heute eine Wiederkehr lange dämonisierter Aspekte der Geistesgeschichte beobachten: Aktuelle Epochen- und Großbegriffe (Anthropozän, Diversität, Ökologie) erscheinen als revenants des hochgradig absorptionsfähigen und eben deshalb schwammigen Geistbegriffs. Dagegen plädiert der Beitrag für eine Rückbesinnung auf das von der Geistesgeschichte aufgeworfene und bis heute ungelöste Problem der Literaturgeschichte.
Psychometric Properties of the Portuguese Version of The PERMA-Profiler
Authors: Alves Marcela Almeida , Palmer Stephen , Gouveia Maria João 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study evaluates the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of The PERMA Profiler in a sample of 1258 Portuguese adults (72.3% females) with a mean age of 36.74 years (SD = 11.313). The PERMA Profiler is a questionnaire that assesses the five dimensions of psychological flourishing, according to Seligman’s well-being theory. According to this theory, the well-being pillars known by the acronym PERMA are positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test Seligman’s model. Results support a reasonable model fit for the five-factor model, but based on the results of bootstrap sample analysis the model was not confirmed. There is also a lack of discriminant validity between PERMA constructs and a lack of validity and reliability of engagement factor. Internal consistency was satisfactory for all five sub-scales, except for engagement. Concurrent validity was demonstrated through the strong and very strong correlations between the PERMA factors and Flourishing Scale. A Portuguese version of The PERMA Profiler is a new tool to assist researchers to refine the measurement and understanding of well-being in Portuguese cultures. Future recommendations and limitations are highlighted.
Situating the silencing and de-silencing of traumatic memories in 2016 students’ protests in Hyderabad, India: an auto-ethnographic analysis
Authors: Chakraborty Tirthankar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPsychologists, anthropologists, and historians have researched, revered, and replenished the past. Although the substance of their research is the same, their respective interpretations of the retrieved objects paint a plethora of images. This paper is a peek into the process of silencing and articulating memories. Both silencing and expression of memories are facilitated by temporal and spatial conditionalities, as would be argued here. With the help of an activist petition written by the author during the anti-Caste Discrimination Students’ Movement, known as “Justice for Rohith Vemula”, at the University of Hyderabad (India) in 2016, this study not only delves into the realms of individual memory but also critically evaluates the carrier of the memory undergoing the act of silencing and de-silencing (expression). As the Indian state brutally crushed the protest, the embodied memories carry the mark of the state’s brutality. This paper seeks to ask why and how memories and experiences are silenced, and how those memories find conduits for expression through narratives. How does trauma facilitate the silencing and anticipate the de-silencing of memory? Although the reading of trauma and memory as constitutive of each other helps us to place the narrative within a theoretical debate, the analysis of the author’s petition as an ‘evocative autoethnography’ helps to construct and follow the making and un-making of silence and expression and goes beyond the individual carrier of the traumatic memories. The petition serves as an ‘emotional recall’ and allows the author to enact the felt-emotions that engender the traumatic memory.
Recent progress on coherent computation based on quantum squeezing
Authors: Lu Bo , Liu Lu , Song Jun-Yang , Wen Kai , Wang Chuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSqueezed vacuum state of light is an important concept of quantum optics which has an uncertainty reduction in a specific quadrature compared to the coherent vacuum state. The coherent Ising machines (CIMs) based on the squeezed state are capable of searching the ground state of the Ising model, which can be used to solve combinatorial optimization problems and have been experimentally demonstrated to have excellent computational performance. This review introduces the recent progress of a CIM hardware solver based on optical parametric oscillators, including the delayed optical path scheme and a measurement feedback scheme. Also, the basic principles, unique advantages, and potential challenges are described. We expect that the applications of large-scale CIM hardware solvers will have a huge impact on the acceleration of the computation power.
Developing a multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling optimization model using Lexicographic procedure considering transportation time
Authors: Al-Ashhab Mohamed Sayed , Alhejaili Abdulrahman Fayez , Munshi Shadi M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSSP) that considers transportation time using mathematical programming is proposed to optimise three conflicting objectives: minimising makespan, total cost, and total lateness. The proposed model was developed and verified in three stages. In the first stage, only one objective was considered. The minimisation of the makespan and total cost was considered separately in the first stage. In the second stage, only two objectives were considered. In this stage, the minimisation of the makespan and total cost was considered instantaneously. In the third stage, a model was developed to optimise the three objectives. The proposed model was formulated using mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) and solved using the DICOPT solver based on general algebraic modelling system (GAMS) optimisation software. This model includes the transportation times between machines in the FJSSP, and the problem is called the “flexible job shop scheduling problem with transportation time” (TT-FJSSP). The proposed model gave better results in comparison with the other recent developed models. The effect of changing the maximum allowable deviation when optimising the three objectives was studied to achieve more-practical results.
Chemo-immunotherapy in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: present and future
Authors: Wang Zi-Xian , Xu Rui-Hua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the recent progress in scientific research, the combination of chemotherapy and PD-1 blockade has become the new standard-of-care first-line treatment for patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. This short review highlights the recent important findings and challenges regarding the optimal chemotherapy backbone in combination with PD-1 blockade, biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of chemo-immunotherapy, treatment strategies beyond chemo-immunotherapy, and secondary resistance to chemo-immunotherapy in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Utility of Sensory Nerve Conduction Study in Radiologically Positive Lumbosacral Plexopathy
Authors: Lo Yew Long , Tan Yam Eng , Hwang Ruby , Teng Peggy Pei Chee 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT:MRI is the most appropriate imaging method for visual evaluation of lumbosacral plexopathy (LSP) and a reference for comparing with nerve conduction study (NCS). Eight patients with clinical, electrophysiological, and lumbosacral plexus MRI findings suggestive of LSP were prospectively recruited. Saphenous nerve abnormalities were present in seven patients (88%), compared to three for the superficial fibular (38%), and three for the sural nerve (38%). MRI showed tumor, hematoma, abscess, contrast enhancement, or hyperintense signals on the T2-weighted sequences. The SN has the highest yield in MRI positive LSP and may be a vital adjunct for electrophysiological evaluation of LSP.
An iterative regulatory process for robot governance
Authors: Drukarch Hadassah , Calleja Carlos , Fosch-Villaronga Eduard 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There is an increasing gap between the policy cycle’s speed and that of technological and social change. This gap is becoming broader and more prominent in robotics, that is, movable machines that perform tasks either automatically or with a degree of autonomy. This is because current legislation was unprepared for machine learning and autonomous agents. As a result, the law often lags behind and does not adequately frame robot technologies. This state of affairs inevitably increases legal uncertainty. It is unclear what regulatory frameworks developers have to follow to comply, often resulting in technology that does not perform well in the wild, is unsafe, and can exacerbate biases and lead to discrimination. This paper explores these issues and considers the background, key findings, and lessons learned of the LIAISON project, which stands for “Liaising robot development and policymaking,” and aims to ideate an alignment model for robots’ legal appraisal channeling robot policy development from a hybrid top-down/bottom-up perspective to solve this mismatch. As such, LIAISON seeks to uncover to what extent compliance tools could be used as data generators for robot policy purposes to unravel an optimal regulatory framing for existing and emerging robot technologies.
A NOTE ON GENERALISED WALL–SUN–SUN PRIMES
Authors: HARRINGTON JOSHUA , JONES LENNY 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLetaandbbe positive integers and let$\{U_n\}_{n\ge 0}$be the Lucas sequence of the first kind defined by$$ \begin{align*}U_0=0,\quad U_1=1\quad \mbox{and} \quad U_n=aU_{n-1}+bU_{n-2} \quad \mbox{for }n\ge 2.\end{align*} $$We define an$(a,b)$-Wall–Sun–Sun primeto be a primepsuch that$\gcd (p,b)=1$and$\pi (p^2)=\pi (p),$where$\pi (p):=\pi _{(a,b)}(p)$is the length of the period of$\{U_n\}_{n\ge 0}$modulop. When$(a,b)=(1,1)$, such primes are known in the literature simply asWall–Sun–Sun primes. In this note, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions such that a primepdividing$a^2+4b$is an$(a,b)$-Wall–Sun–Sun prime.
Effects of chemical weathering on the exceptional preservation of mineralized insects from the Crato Formation, Cretaceous of Brazil: implications for late diagenesis of fine-grained Lagerstätten deposits
Authors: Bezerra Francisco Irineudo , da Silva João Hermínio , Agressot Enzo Victorino Hernández , Freire Paulo Tarso C. , Viana Bartolomeu Cruz , Mendes Márcio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMany studies have improved our understanding of the mode of preservation at the Crato fossil Lagerstätte. The high degree of preservation of the Crato mineralized insects is thought to be a consequence of the diffusion of ions through carcasses and envelopment by bacteria that, in turn, created microenvironmental conditions that led to mineralization, mainly pyritization. Pyritized insects have been oxidized by in situ weathering to more stable oxide/hydroxy minerals during Quaternary time. This transformation is essential to maintain the palaeontological information acquired during microbially induced pyritization in an oxidizing atmosphere. However, intense weathering can diminish or obscure the morphological fidelity, and little attention has been paid to the post-diagenetic processes experienced by these fossils. Here, we aim to determine the degree of alteration undergone by Crato pyritized insects using the following combination of analytical tools: scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Our results show that well-preserved insects are preferentially replaced by haematite and poorly preserved fossils are replaced by goethite. In addition, we recorded three types of post-diagenetic alteration: insects with iron-oxide overgrowths; insects associated with black coatings, sometimes with the formation of dendrites; and insects preserved as an impression, where only the outline of the body remains. All of these alterations have the potential to distort or tarnish palaeontological information. Here, we measured the effects of such telodiagenetic alterations at macro and micro scales. Therefore, this taphonomic approach has wide applicability wherever fine-grained deposits bearing mineralized insects are found.
Doing Utopia: Radical utopian communities, mobility, and the body in the early twentieth century
Authors: Kramm Robert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article analyses communal projects in the first half of the twentieth century. It investigates communes in various places of the non-Western world, including the Tolstoy Farm in South Africa, the Nōson Seinen Sha’s anarchist commune in imperial Japan, and the Rastafarian Pinnacle Commune on Jamaica. At first glance these communes seem completely unrelated as they emerged in distinct cultural and historical contexts. However, bringing them into conversation demonstrates that these communes equally showcase a high degree of integration into global structural transformations of the early twentieth century. Mobility and the body are applied as analytical perspectives to underscore, firstly, the similarity and connectivity of these otherwise very different and distinctive communal projects. Secondly, mobility and the body also illustrate the importance of doing utopia, acknowledging historical experience and practice beyond established analysis of utopia that are too often concerned with mapping utopia’s discursive formation. And finally, this article complements transnational comparative and global connected history by accentuating similarity and the interplay of integration and marginality as analytical tools to narrate a decentred global history.
Quantifying the Fingerprint of Oceanic Moisture Source Conditions in Deuterium and 17O Excess Parameters of Precipitation
Authors: Xia Zhengyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe deuterium excess (d‐excess) and more recently developed 17O excess (Δ′17O) of precipitation are isotopic tracers that are sensitive to oceanic moisture source (OMS) conditions. However, other regional and local processes also affect precipitation d‐excess and Δ′17O and may modify or overprint their OMS signals. Here, I leverage the new atmospheric moisture flow data set to diagnose the OMS regions and conditions globally and show that OMS temperature and relative humidity together explain 41% of the variability in monthly mean precipitation d‐excess in low‐ and mid‐latitudes. Based on a few sites currently having paired d‐excess and Δ′17O data, I also show that the contrasting sensitivity between d‐excess and Δ′17O to OMS temperature, which is initially predicted by theory, is distinguishable from precipitation observations under annual mean conditions. This study contributes to disentangling the complex controls on precipitation d‐excess and Δ′17O by quantifying the crucial role of OMS dynamics.
On the Morphodynamics of a Wide Class of Large‐Scale Meandering Rivers: Insights Gained by Coupling LES With Sediment‐Dynamics
Authors: Khosronejad Ali , Limaye Ajay B. , Zhang Zexia , Kang Seokkoo , Yang Xiaolei , Sotiropoulos Fotis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn meandering rivers, interactions between flow, sediment transport, and bed topography affect diverse processes, including bedform development and channel migration. Predicting how these interactions affect the spatial patterns and magnitudes of bed deformation in meandering rivers is essential for various river engineering and geoscience problems. Computational fluid dynamics simulations can predict river morphodynamics at fine temporal and spatial scales but have traditionally been challenged by the large scale of natural rivers. We conducted coupled large‐eddy simulation and bed morphodynamics simulations to create a unique database of hydro‐morphodynamic data sets for 42 meandering rivers with a variety of planform shapes and large‐scale geometrical features that mimic natural meanders. For each simulated river, the database includes (a) bed morphology, (b) three‐dimensional mean velocity field, and (c) bed shear stress distribution under bankfull flow conditions. The calculated morphodynamics results at dynamic equilibrium revealed the formation of scour and deposition patterns near the outer and inner banks, respectively, while the location of point bars and scour regions around the apexes of the meander bends is found to vary as a function of the radius of curvature of the bends to the width ratio. A new mechanism is proposed that explains this seemingly paradoxical finding. The high‐fidelity simulation results generated in this work provide researchers and scientists with a rich numerical database for morphodynamics and bed shear stress distributions in large‐scale meandering rivers to enable systematic investigation of the underlying phenomena and support a range of river engineering applications.
Inhibition of mitochondrial phosphate carrier prevents high phosphate-induced superoxide generation and vascular calcification
Authors: Thi Nguyen Nhung , Thi Nguyen Tuyet , Nguyen Ha Thu , Lee Ji-Min , Kim Min-Ji , Qi Xu-Feng , Cha Seung-Kuy , Lee In-Kyu , Park Kyu-Sang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVascular calcification is a serious complication of hyperphosphatemia that causes cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have reported that plasmalemmal phosphate (Pi) transporters, such as PiT-1/2, mediate depolarization, Ca2+ influx, oxidative stress, and calcific changes in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, the pathogenic mechanism of mitochondrial Pi uptake in vascular calcification associated with hyperphosphatemia has not been elucidated. We demonstrated that the phosphate carrier (PiC) is the dominant mitochondrial Pi transporter responsible for high Pi-induced superoxide generation, osteogenic gene upregulation, and calcific changes in primary VSMCs isolated from rat aortas. Notably, acute incubation with high Pi markedly increased the protein abundance of PiC via ERK1/2- and mTOR-dependent translational upregulation. Genetic suppression of PiC prevented Pi-induced ERK1/2 activation, superoxide production, osteogenic differentiation, and vascular calcification of VSMCs in vitro and aortic rings ex vivo. Pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial Pi transport using butyl malonate (BMA) or mersalyl abolished all pathologic changes involved in high Pi-induced vascular calcification. BMA or mersalyl also effectively prevented osteogenic gene upregulation and calcification of aortas from 5/6 subtotal nephrectomized mice fed a high-Pi diet. Our results suggest that mitochondrial Pi uptake via PiC is a critical molecular mechanism mediating mitochondrial superoxide generation and pathogenic calcific changes, which could be a novel therapeutic target for treating vascular calcification associated with hyperphosphatemia.
The association between erosive toothwear and asthma – is it significant? A meta-analysis
Authors: Sivaramakrishnan Gowri , Sridharan Kannan , Alsobaiei Muneera 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association of asthma with oral conditions such as dental caries, dental erosion, periodontal diseases and oral mucosal changes has been the subject of debate among dental practitioners. Existing evidence indicates that an inhaler is the most common and effective way of delivering the asthma medications directly into the lungs. Few studies in the past attributed this association to the changes in salivary flow caused due to these medications. Considering this unclear association, the aim of the present meta-analyses is to identify the association between erosive toothwear and asthma from individual studies conducted until date.MethodologyElectronic databases were systematically searched until 30th September 2022. Articles identified using the search strategy were imported to RAYYAN systematic review software. Data was extracted relating to study design, geographic location, year of publication, sample size, the assessment method for erosive toothwear and asthma. The Newcastle Ottawa scale was utilized to assess the quality of evidence reported from the included studies. RevMan Version 5.3 was used to perform a random-effects meta-analysis to produce pooled estimates from OR and 95% CI of included studies. The I² statistic was used to determine the extent of heterogeneity. A funnel plot was generated to visually assess the potential for publication bias. Sensitivity analyses were performed by excluding individual studies one at a time. GRADE approach was used for grading the evidence for key comparisons.ResultsTwelve articles were included in the final meta-analysis. A total of 1027 asthmatics and 5617 non-asthmatics were included. All studies demonstrated moderate to low risk of bias. The overall pooled estimate (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 0.96, 4.29) and subgroup analyses in children (OR: 1.67; 95% CI: 0.63, 4.42) did not show statistically significant difference in the occurrence of dental erosion between the asthmatic and non-asthmatic group. However, asthmatic adults had significantly greater dental erosion in comparison to the control adults (OR: 2.76; 95% CI: 1.24, 6.16). Sensitivity analyses also provided inconclusive evidence. Funnel plot asymmetry indicated significant heterogeneity, changes in effect size and selective publication.ConclusionThe association between inhalational asthmatic medication and tooth wear is inconclusive. There are a number of confounding factors that play a greater role in causing dental erosion in these patients. Dentist must pay particular attention to these factors while treating asthmatic patients. The authors produce a comprehensive checklist in order to ensure complete assessment before providing advice on their medications alone.