bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a canopy patch made of streamwise-oriented plates on turbulence in an open-channel flow
Authors: Dupuis Victor , Trevisson Michele , Wunder Sina , McLelland Stuart , Moulin Frédéric Y. , Chagot Loïc , Eiff Olivier 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe paper examines the flow through a highly porous canopy patch made of streamwise-oriented thin plates arranged in a staggered configuration and placed in a rough-bed open channel. This patch geometry contrasts with the patches made of bluff bodies, which are nearly exclusively used in the literature. Particle Image Velocimetry was used to measure the flow upstream, within and downstream of the patch. The canopy patch has the effect of drastically reducing the turbulence level of the incoming flow, especially the turbulence shear stress, which is reduced by 85%. Spectral analysis of the velocity shows that the reduction in turbulent kinetic energy occurs at all length scales. Yet, at the entrance of the patch, the energy from the smallest scales up to the scale of the water surface increases. This suggests a spectral shortcut mechanism by which the large-scale structures of the incoming flow are disintegrated by the group of plates instead of decaying through the energy cascade. The increased small-scale turbulent energy then dissipates through the patch.
Social Anxiety and Bullying Victimization in Children and Early Adolescents: The Role of Developmental Period and Immigrant Status
Authors: Iannello Nicolò Maria , Caravita Simona , Papotti Noemi , Gelati Carmen , Camodeca Marina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch reveals that social anxiety may be predictive of bullying victimization, but it is not clear whether this relation stands for different groups of youth. The present study examines this association by employing a longitudinal design over 1 year and including the moderating role of developmental period (childhood vs. early adolescence) and students’ immigrant status (native vs. non-native). T1 sample included 506 children (46.44% girls, mean age M = 8.55 years, SD = 0.55) and 310 early adolescents (50% girls, mean age = 12.54 years, SD = 0.59) recruited in schools in Northern Italy. Due to missing cases and drop-outs from T1 to T2, the final sample comprised 443 and 203 students from primary and middle school, respectively. Social anxiety and peer victimization were assessed through self-reported questionnaires. Results indicated that victimization at T2 was predicted by a 3-way interaction between T1 social anxiety, immigrant status, and developmental period. In particular, socially anxious early adolescents with an immigrant background were the most victimized. The results are discussed in terms of group dynamics and intergroup processes. The findings highlight the importance of personal variables in the cumulation of risks: social anxiety is more predictive of bullying victimization for immigrant early adolescents than for children or native early adolescents.
General Mixed Lattices
Authors: Jokela Jani 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA mixed lattice is a lattice-type structure consisting of a set with two partial orderings, and generalizing the notion of a lattice. Mixed lattice theory has previously been studied in various algebraic structures, such as groups and semigroups, while the more general notion of a mixed lattice remains unexplored. In this paper, we study the fundamental properties of mixed lattices and the relationships between the various properties. In particular, we establish the equivalence of the one-sided associative, distributive and modular laws in mixed lattices. We also give an alternative definition of mixed lattices and mixed lattice groups as non-commutative and non-associative algebras satisfying a certain set of postulates. The algebraic and the order-theoretic definitions are then shown to be equivalent.
Clinical pharmacy services in mental health in Europe: a commentary paper of the European Society of Clinical Pharmacy Special Interest Group on Mental Health
Authors: Stuhec Matej , Hahn M. , Taskova I. , Bayraktar I. , Fitzgerald I. , Molitschnig L. , Tatarević A. , Lindner N. , Agnoletto L. , da Costa F. Alves 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA large proportion of the world’s disease burden is attributable to mental illnesses. Although effective interventions are available, many patients still have limited access to evidence-based treatments. Aside from access, treatment gaps, including inappropriate medication selection and monitoring, are also routinely recognised. Mental health clinical pharmacists can help address these gaps and enable patients to receive optimised pharmaceutical care, particularly appropriate medication selection and monitoring. The European Society of Clinical Pharmacy (ESCP) Special Interest Group on Mental Health was established to improve standardised service provision in mental health settings across Europe. The Special Interest Group identified significant barriers (predominantly associated with reimbursement and position within the multidisciplinary team) to effective pharmaceutical care amongst those with mental illnesses. This commentary presents recommendations to address these gaps through improved mental health clinical pharmacy service provision.
Could vote buying be socially desirable? Exploratory analyses of a ‘failed’ list experiment
Authors: Hatz Sophia , Fjelde Hanne , Randahl David 
Published: September 2023

AbstractList experiments encourage survey respondents to report sensitive opinions they may prefer not to reveal. But, studies sometimes find that respondents admit more readily to sensitive opinions when asked directly. Often this over-reporting is viewed as a design failure, attributable to inattentiveness or other nonstrategic error. This paper conducts an exploratory analysis of such a ‘failed’ list experiment measuring vote buying in the 2019 Nigerian presidential election. We take this opportunity to explore our assumptions about vote buying. Although vote buying is illegal and stigmatized in many countries, a significant literature links such exchanges to patron-client networks that are imbued with trust, reciprocity and long-standing benefits, which might create incentives for individuals to claim having been offered to participate in vote buying. Submitting our data to a series of tests of design, we find that over-reporting is strategic: respondents intentionally reveal vote buying and it’s likely that those who reveal vote buying have in fact being offered to participate in vote buying. Considering reasons for over-reporting such as social desirability and network benefits, and the strategic nature of over-reporting, we suggest that “design failure" is not the only possible conclusion from unexpected list experiment results. With this paper we show that our theoretical assumptions about sensitivity bias affect the conclusions we can draw from a list experiment.
The Impact of Short-Term Study in China Programs: Voices of Hong Kong University Students
Authors: Yu Lu , Gu Mingyue , Ye Shengquan , Shek Daniel Tan Lei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite the mounting evidence supporting the effectiveness of short-term study abroad programs (such as Service-Learning programs) on university students’ development, few studies have been conducted to explore the impact of short-term study in China programs on young people from Hong Kong. This study employed a qualitative design method to examine the impact of three types of short-term study programs in China—summer school, cultural tour, and service-learning—on Hong Kong university students’ development and to explore both the facilitators of, and the barriers to, the impact of the programs. A total of 42 students from 17 short-term study in China programs were interviewed individually. Results showed that all three types of short-term study in China programs were perceived by participants as having a positive impact on their intercultural competence as well as their perceptions of, and attitudes toward, the Nation and Chinese people. Participants of service-learning programs also demonstrated enhanced global citizenship. However, these programs did not have any significant impact on their perceived identities as Hong Kong or Chinese citizens. Individual and program factors that facilitated or impeded the student’s gains from the programs were identified. These findings provide pioneer evidence for the positive impacts of short-term study in China programs on Hong Kong local university students and for the improvement of the current programs as well as the development of new programs in the future.
Subsidiary Capital Structure in Multinational Enterprises: A New Internalization Theory Perspective
Authors: Rygh Asmund , Benito Gabriel R. G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study subsidiary capital structure as a mechanism of intra-MNE (multinational enterprise) governance from the perspective of “new internalization theory”. We build on the argument from transaction cost theory that equity and debt are not just financial instruments but also alternative governance structures, with equity useful for financing specific assets that do not serve well as collateral, especially when external uncertainty is high. Inside an MNE, debt represents a partial reintroduction of market mechanisms that can limit governance costs and strengthen subsidiary manager incentives. However, debt financing may be inappropriate if subsidiaries possess specific assets that are lost if debt contracts are enforced. Using subsidiary-level panel data from Norwegian MNEs, we argue that patents registered in the subsidiary represent MNE-specific non-location bound knowledge assets, while subsidiary R&D income represents location-bound and subsidiary-specific assets. We predict MNE-specific assets to be negatively related to external debt, and subsidiary-specific assets to be negatively related to all debt, under conditions of external uncertainty. We find only partial support for our hypotheses. Patents are negatively related to external debt when external uncertainty in the form of political risk is high. However, we do not find similar significant results for location-bound and subsidiary-specific assets, measured by subsidiary R&D income. For both measures, there is evidence that debt financing is viable in low-risk contexts. Further analysis indicates different effects for joint ventures as compared to wholly owned subsidiaries. We build on the partly unexpected results to propose an expanded internalization perspective on subsidiary capital structure.
How do you feel reflecting on your teaching practice?
Authors: Henke Anja , Westphal Andrea , Hußner Isabell , Lazarides Rebecca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReflecting on teaching situations is important for student teachers’ professionalization and can be understood as a learning opportunity. However, despite being important for their professional development, only little is known about the interindividual psychological processes that occur when student teachers reflect on their teaching. The present study examines 146 student teachers’ teaching-related self-efficacy beliefs at two timepoints (at the beginning and end of one semester) and their emotion word use in 239 written reflections on differently perceived teaching situations (135 mastery and 104 challenging) using Wald tests and path modelling. First, our results show that student teachers use more positive than negative emotion words in their written reflections. Second, examining relations between situation and emotions, we show that emotion word use differs significantly between teaching situations. Further, higher negative emotion word use in reflections on mastery experiences (positive teaching situations) is associated with lower self-efficacy at the end of one semester. Thus, it is important to focus particularly on the challenges that student teachers experience during teaching when aiming to promote their self-efficacy beliefs.
Doing racialized masculinities in Finnish schools: subjectivation and de/humanization
Authors: Kleiner Bettina , Phoenix Ann 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses on Judith Butler’s theorisation of the performative subject and contemporary critiques to consider its relevance to the doing of racialized masculinities in Finnish schools. Recent postcolonial critique has indicated that, early work on performativity and subjectivation implicitly assumes a white and western, enlightenment subject and does not take the aftermath of slavery into account. While Butler’s work since then theorises inequalities including racism, it leaves untheorized the de/subjectivation of Black people and those from other minoritised ethnic groups as well as how racialisation and abjection is a systematic part of the subjectivation of white people. This paper draws on a study of the narratives of Finnish 12–15-year-olds in order to shed light on processes of subjectivation they do while doing racialized masculinities. The findings point to the need to extend Butler’s theory of subjectivation to take power-knowledge-affect-relations and de/humanization on board in ways that account for Black as well as white people’s performative subjectivation.
Parsimony and parameter estimation for mixtures of multivariate leptokurtic-normal distributions
Authors: Browne Ryan P. , Bagnato Luca , Punzo Antonio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMixtures of multivariate leptokurtic-normal distributions have been recently introduced in the clustering literature based on mixtures of elliptical heavy-tailed distributions. They have the advantage of having parameters directly related to the moments of practical interest. We derive two estimation procedures for these mixtures. The first one is based on the majorization-minimization algorithm, while the second is based on a fixed point approximation. Moreover, we introduce parsimonious forms of the considered mixtures and we use the illustrated estimation procedures to fit them. We use simulated and real data sets to investigate various aspects of the proposed models and algorithms.
The Potential of High-Velocity Air-Fuel Spraying (HVAF) to Manufacture Bond Coats for Thermal Barrier Coating Systems
Authors: Mauer Georg , Rauwald Karl-Heinz , Sohn Yoo Jung , Vaßen Robert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDriven by the search for an optimum combination of particle velocity and process temperature to achieve dense hard metal coatings at high deposition efficiencies and powder feed rates, the high-velocity air-fuel spraying process (HVAF) was developed. In terms of achievable particle velocities and temperatures, this process can be classified between high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF) and cold gas spraying (CGS). The particular advantages of HVAF regarding moderate process temperatures, high particle velocities as well as high productivity and efficiency suggest that the application of HVAF should be also investigated for the manufacture of MCrAlY (M = Co and/or Ni) bond coats (BCs) in thermal barrier coating (TBC) systems. In this work, corresponding HVAF spray parameters were developed based on detailed process analyses. Different diagnostics were carried out to characterize the working gas jet and the particles in flight. The coatings were investigated with respect to their microstructure, surface roughness and oxygen content. The spray process was assessed for its effectiveness. Process diagnostics as well as calculations of the gas flow in the jet and the particle acceleration and heating were applied to explain the governing mechanisms on the coating characteristics. The results show that HVAF is a promising alternative manufacturing process.
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with reduced myocardial mechano-energetic efficiency in drug-naïve hypertensive individuals
Authors: Cefalo Chiara M. A. , Riccio Alessia , Fiorentino Teresa Vanessa , Rubino Mariangela , Mannino Gaia Chiara , Succurro Elena , Perticone Maria , Sciacqua Angela , Andreozzi Francesco , Sesti Giorgio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractImpaired myocardial mechano-energetics efficiency (MEE) was shown to predict incident heart failure, but pathophysiological mechanisms linking impaired MEE with heart failure have not been elucidated. Endothelial dysfunction is a plausible candidate because it has been associated with heart failure. This study aims to investigate the association between MEE and endothelium‐dependent vasodilation, among drug-naïve hypertensive individuals. 198 Drug-naïve hypertensive individuals participating in the CATAnzaro MEtabolic RIsk factors (CATAMERI) study were included. All participants underwent to an oral glucose tolerance test and to an echocardiogram for myocardial LVM-normalized mechano-energetic efficiency (MEEi) measurement. Endothelial-dependent and endothelial-independent vasodilatation were measured by strain-gauge plethysmography during intra-arterial infusion of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, respectively. A multivariate linear regression analysis was conducted to investigate the independent association between maximal endothelial-dependent vasodilation and MEEi. Maximal ACh-stimulated forearm blood flow (FBF) was associated to decreased myocardial MEEi (β = 0.205, p = 0.002) independently of well‐established cardiovascular risk factors including age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, smoking status, total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, hsCRP, glucose tolerance status, and HOMA-IR index of insulin resistance. Conversely, no association was observed between SNP-stimulated vasodilation and MEEi. Endothelium-mediated vasodilation may contribute to reduce myocardial MEEi independently of several potential confounders. Because diminished myocardial MEE has been previously associated with incident heart failure, a non-invasive assessment of myocardial MEEi may improve the identification of individuals at higher cardiovascular risk who may benefit from the initiation of pharmacological treatments ameliorating the endothelial dysfunction.
Environmental, social, and governance perfomance and default risk in the eurozone
Authors: Vivel-Búa Milagros , Lado-Sestayo Rubén , Martínez-Salgueiro Andrea , Díaz-Ballesteros Mariana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper analyses the impact of sustainability through ESG factors on the default risk. The sample consists of 990 non-financial firms in the Eurozone over the period 2004–2020. The results show that ESG factors influence default risk, although this relationship could be influenced by the economic cycle. Also, the results highlight a significant interaction effect between firm size and ESG which affects default risk. Considering firm size by terciles, the evidence obtained shows that smaller and medium-sized firms have a positive net effect of a high ESG score on their default risk, while the opposite effect was found among larger firms.
Association between Sperm Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Concentrations of Urinary Cadmium and Selenium
Authors: Aisyah Cindy Rahman , Mizuno Yuki , Masuda Momoka , Iwamoto Teruaki , Yamasaki Kazumitsu , Uchida Masahiro , Kariya Fumiko , Higaki Shogo , Konishi Shoko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElevated sperm mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) is associated with damage to sperm and poorer measures of semen quality. Exposure to cadmium (Cd) can increase oxidative stress and damage sperm mitochondria. The adverse effects of Cd can potentially be reduced by sufficient selenium (Se). The objective of this study was to examine the associations between sperm mtDNAcn and urinary concentrations of Cd and Se, as well as the Cd/Se molar ratio. Participants were recruited from patients who sought infertility treatment at two hospitals in Japan. Urine and semen specimens and self-administered questionnaires were collected on the day of recruitment. Sperm mtDNAcn was measured in extracted sperm DNA by multiplex real-time qPCR. Urinary Cd and Se concentrations were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and their molar weights were calculated to obtain the Cd/Se molar ratio. Linear regression was used to estimate associations after adjusting for age, body mass index, smoking, drinking, exercise, varicocele, and hospital of recruitment. Sperm mtDNAcn showed statistically insignificant associations with creatinine-adjusted concentrations of urinary Cd (β = 0.13, 95% CI −0.18, 0.44) and Se (β = −0.09, 95% CI −0.54, 0.35), and Cd/Se molar ratio (β = 0.12, 95% CI −0.13, 0.37). The current study found no evidence of an association between mtDNAcn and urinary concentrations of Cd or Se, or the Cd/Se molar ratio.
Protective Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Against Streptozotocin-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Kim Seul-Ki , Lee Geun Yong , Kim Su Kang , Kwon Yong-Jin , Seo Eun-Bi , Lee Haeri , Lee Song-Hee , Kim Sung Joon , Lee Sangsik , Ye Sang-Kyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation under investigation for treatment of a wide range of neurological disorders. In particular, the therapeutic application of rTMS for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is attracting attention. However, the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of rTMS have not yet been elucidated, and few studies have systematically analyzed the stimulation parameters. In this study, we found that treatment with rTMS contributed to restoration of memory deficits by activating genes involved in synaptic plasticity and long-term memory. We evaluated changes in several intracellular signaling pathways in response to rTMS stimulation; rTMS treatment activated STAT, MAPK, Akt/p70S6K, and CREB signaling. We also systematically investigated the influence of rTMS parameters. We found an effective range of applications for rTMS and determined the optimal combination to achieve the highest efficiency. Moreover, application of rTMS inhibited the increase in cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide. These results suggest that rTMS treatment exerts a neuroprotective effect on cellular damage induced by oxidative stress, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders. rTMS treatment attenuated streptozotocin (STZ)-mediated cell death and AD-like pathology in neuronal cells. In an animal model of sporadic AD caused by intracerebroventricular STZ injection, rTMS application improved cognitive decline and showed neuroprotective effects on hippocampal histology. Overall, this study will help in the design of stimulation protocols for rTMS application and presents a novel mechanism that may explain the therapeutic effects of rTMS in neurodegenerative diseases, including AD.
Investment in risky assets and participation in the financial market: does financial literacy matter?
Authors: Oehler Andreas , Horn Matthias , Wendt Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOur study contributes to a better understanding of the relationship between financial literacy and households’ investments in risky assets. We estimate a structural equation model with data from the Panel on Household Finances of the German central bank. Our results show that although households’ net wealth is the dominant driver of investments in risky assets, financial literacy plays a remarkable role. Financial literacy has an indirectly positive influence on participation in the financial market. The higher the financial literacy, the lower is the risk aversion. The lower the risk aversion, the higher is the participation in the financial market.