bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coix seed oil alleviates synovial angiogenesis through suppressing HIF-1α/VEGF-A signaling pathways via SIRT1 in collagen-induced arthritis rats
Authors: Xu Qiangqiang , Kong Hongxi , Ren Shuang , Meng Fanyan , Liu Ruoshi , Jin Hongxin , Zhang Jie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by symmetric arthritis. Coix Seed Oil (CSO) has been shown to reduce inflammation in collagen induced arthritis (CIA) rats. However, the effect of CSO on synovial angiogenesis in RA is unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore whether CSO could inhibit RA synovial angiogenesis and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.

Methods
CIA rat models were established and subjected to different doses of CSO treatments for four weeks in vivo. Arthritis index, paw swelling, and weight were recorded to assess clinical symptoms. Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, Safarnin O fast green staining, Micro-CT, Immunohistochemical, and Immunofluorescence (IF) staining were performed to examined changes in synovial and joint tissues. The serum HIF-1α and VEGF-A levels were evaluated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) of rats was stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) for developing inflammatory model in vitro. Optimal concentrations of CSO and TNF-α for stimulation were measured through Cell Counting Kit-8 test. Wound healing and Transwell migration experiments were employed to determine FLS migratory ability. IF staining was performed to assess HIF-1α nuclear translocation in FLS. Protein levels of SIRT1, HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and CD31 were assessed through Western blot. The isolated aortic rings were induced with recombinant rat VEGF-A 165 (VEGF-A165) to observe the CSO inhibitory impact on angiogenesis ex vivo.

Results
CSO attenuated the progression of arthritis in CIA rats, mitigated histopathological deterioration in synovial and joint tissues, significantly inhibited immature vessels labeled with CD31+/αSMA−, and reduced the micro-vessels in VEGF-A165 induced aortic rings. Moreover, it upregulated SIRT1 protein levels in CIA rats and TNF-α induced FLS, but decreased HIF-1α and VEGF-A protein levels. Furthermore, CSO inhibited the migration ability and HIF-1α nuclear translocation of TNF-α induced FLS. Finally, suppressing SIRT1 levels in TNF-α induced FLS enhanced their migration ability, HIF-1α nuclear translocation, and the protein levels of HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and CD31, whereas the inhibitory effect of CSO on TNF-α induced FLS was severely constrained.

Conclusions
This study indicates that CSO can alleviate synovial angiogenesis through suppressing HIF-1α/VEGF-A signaling pathways via SIRT1 in CIA rats.
Changing clinical manifestations of Gaucher disease in Taiwan
Authors: Lu Wen-Li , Chien Yin-Hsiu , Tsai Fuu-Jen , Hwu Wuh-Liang , Chou Yen-Yin , Chu Shao-Yin , Li Meng-Ju , Lee An-Ju , Liao Chao-Chuan , Wang Chung-Hsing , Lee Ni-Chung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundGaucher disease (GD) is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by deficient glucocerebrosidase activity that results from biallelic mutations in theGBA1gene. Its phenotypic variability allows GD to be classified into 3 subtypes based on the presence and extent of neurological manifestations. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been available for all patients with GD in Taiwan since 1998. Newborn screening (NBS) for GD has been available since 2015. This study attempted to unveil the clinical features of patients diagnosed with GD during different eras in Taiwan.Materials and methodsData from the health records of two tertiary hospitals responsible for two-thirds of the patients with GD in Taiwan were used. The study population included all patients identified as having GD between 1998, and April 2022, in these two hospitals for review. A total of 42 individuals were included, six of whom were diagnosed by NBS.ResultsOur cohort presented a higher proportion of GD3 individuals, both by clinical suspicion and by NBS diagnosis, than that reported worldwide. The major subtypes that were recognized following NBS diagnosis were GD2 and GD3. The majority of GD patients carry at least one p.Leu483Pro variant. The 5-year survival rates were 0% for GD2 patients and 100% for patients with other subtypes. Patients diagnosed during the post-NBS era were free of symptoms on initial presentation, except for those with the GD2 subtype. For those diagnosed earlier, ERT was shown to be effective in terms of improved hemograms and prevented bone crises. However, the neurological symptoms in GD3 patients progressed despite ERT intervention.ConclusionERT is essential in reversing the hematological presentations and preventing the skeletal complications of GD. Timely diagnosis of GD with NBS allows for early intervention with ERT to prevent disease progression and complications. However, the need for effective intervention for neurological dysfunction remains unmet.
Increasing access to CBT for psychosis patients: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating brief, targeted CBT for distressing voices delivered by assistant psychologists (GiVE3)
Authors: Hayward Mark , Berry Katherine , Bremner Stephen , Cavanagh Kate , Dodgson Guy , Fowler David , Gage Heather , Greenwood Kathryn , Hazell Cassie , Bibby-Jones Anna-Marie , Robertson Sam , Touray Morro , Dailey Natalie , Strauss Clara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends that cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is offered to all patients with a psychosis diagnosis. However, only a minority of psychosis patients in England and Wales are offered CBT. This is attributable, in part, to the resource-intensive nature of CBT. One response to this problem has been the development of CBT in brief formats that are targeted at a single symptom and are deliverable by briefly trained therapists. We have developed Guided self-help CBT (the GiVE intervention) as a brief form of CBT for distressing voices and reported evidence for the feasibility of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) when the intervention was delivered by briefly trained therapists (assistant psychologists). This study will investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the GiVE intervention when delivered by assistant psychologists following a brief training.

Methods
This study is a pragmatic, two-arm, parallel group, superiority RCT comparing the GiVE intervention (delivered by assistant psychologists) and treatment as usual to treatment as usual alone, recruiting across three sites, using 1:1 allocation and blind post-treatment and follow-up assessments. A nested qualitative study will develop a model for implementation.

Discussion
If the GiVE intervention is found to be effective when delivered by assistant psychologists, this intervention could significantly contribute to increasing access to evidence-based psychological interventions for psychosis patients. Furthermore, implementation across secondary care services within the UK’s National Health Service may pave the way for other symptom-specific and less resource-intensive CBT-informed interventions for psychosis patients to be developed and evaluated.

Trial registration
Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN registration number: 12748453. Registered on 28 September 2022.
Protocol of the process evaluation of cluster randomised control trial for estimating the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a complex intervention to increase care home staff influenza vaccination rates compared to usual practice (FluCare)
Authors: Birt Linda , Katangwe-Chigamba Thando , Scott Sion , Wright David J , Wagner Adam P. , Sims Erika , Bion Veronica , Seeley Carys , Alsaif Faisal , Clarke Allan , Griffiths Alys , Jones Liz , Bryant Alison , Patel Amrish 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Influenza (flu) vaccination rates in UK care home staff are extremely low. Less than 40% of staff in care homes are vaccinated for influenza (flu), presenting risks to the health of frail residents and potential staff absence from cross-infection. Staff often do not perceive a need for vaccination and are unaware they are entitled to free flu vaccination. The FluCare study, a cluster randomised control trial (RCT), uses behavioural interventions to address barriers. Videos, posters, and leaflets are intended to raise awareness of flu vaccination benefits and debunk myths. On-site staff vaccination clinics increase accessibility. Financial incentives to care homes for improved vaccination rates and regular monitoring influence the environment. This paper outlines the planned process evaluation which will describe the intervention’s mechanisms of action, explain any changes in outcomes, identify local adaptations, and inform design of the implementation phase.

Methods/design
A mixed method process evaluation to inform the interpretation of trial findings.

Objectives
• Describe the intervention as delivered in terms of dose and fidelity, including adaptations and variations across care homes.
• Explore the effects of individual intervention components on primary outcomes.
• Investigate the mechanisms of impact.
• Describe the perceived effectiveness of relevant intervention components (including videos, leaflets, posters, and flu clinics) from participant perspectives (care home manager, care home staff, flu clinic providers).
• Describe the characteristics of care homes and participants to assess reach.
A purposive sample of twenty care homes (ten in the intervention arm, ten in the control arm) for inclusion in the process evaluation. Data will include (1) study records including care home site profiles, (2) responses to a mechanism of action questionnaire, and (3) semi-structured interviews with care home staff and clinic providers. Quantitative data will be descriptively reported. Interview data will be thematically analysed and then categories mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Discussion
Adopting this systematic and comprehensive process evaluation approach will help ensure data is captured on all aspects of the trial, enabling a full understanding of the intervention implementation and RCT findings.

Trial registration
ISRCTN ISRCTN22729870. Registered on 24 August 2022.
Noradrenaline transporter PET reflects neurotoxin-induced noradrenaline level decrease in the rat hippocampus
Authors: Sakai Takayuki , Hattori Saori , Ogata Aya , Yamada Takashi , Abe Junichiro , Ikenuma Hiroshi , Ichise Masanori , Suzuki Masaaki , Ito Kengo , Kato Takashi , Kimura Yasuyuki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The neuropathological changes of early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) include neurodegenerative loss of noradrenaline neurons in the locus coeruleus with decreasing noradrenaline availability in their projection areas such as the hippocampus. This diminishing noradrenaline availability is thought to play an important role pathophysiologically in the development of cognitive impairment in AD, because noradrenaline is not only essential for maintaining cognitive functions such as memory, learning and attention, but also its anti-inflammatory action, where its lack is known to accelerate the progression of AD in the mouse model. Therefore, the availability of in vivo biomarkers of the integrity of noradrenaline neurons may be beneficial for furthering our understanding of the role played by the noradrenaline system in the progressive cognitive dysfunction seen in AD patients. In this study, we investigated if PET imaging of noradrenaline transporters can predict the level of noradrenaline in the brain. Our hypothesis was PET measured noradrenaline transporter densities could predict the level of noradrenaline concentrations in the rat hippocampus after lesioning of noradrenaline neurons in this region.

Results
We chemically lesioned the hippocampus of rats (n = 15) by administering a neurotoxin, DSP-4, in order to selectively damage axonal terminals of noradrenergic neurons. These rats then underwent PET imaging of noradrenaline transporters using [11C]MRB ((S,S)-[11C]Methylreboxetine). To validate our hypothesis, postmortem studies of brain homogenates of these rats were performed to measure both noradrenaline transporter and noradrenaline concentrations. [11C]MRB PET showed decreased noradrenaline transporter densities in a DSP-4 dose-dependent manner in the hippocampus of these rats. In turn, these PET measured noradrenaline transporter densities correlated very well with in vitro measured noradrenaline concentrations as well as in vitro transporter densities.

Conclusions
[11C]MRB PET may be used as an in vivo biomarker of noradrenaline concentrations in the hippocampus of the neurodegenerating brain. Further studies appear warranted to extend its applicability to AD studies.
Sustainable transition of the Republic of Serbia: measuring capacity for circularity in agriculture and rural areas
Authors: Vukelić Igor , Milošević Srđan , Đurđević Diona , Racić Gordana , Tot Vilmoš 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The Republic of Serbia (RS) is strategically oriented towards sustainable development, but the implementation thereof faces different limitations and problems. RS emits substantial pollution caused by fossil fuels, and pollution from agricultural sector characterized by inefficient use of energy and intensive use of fertilizers. Bearing in mind the significant agricultural capacities and the orientation towards rural development, a special green transformation must be implemented in this domain. Taking into account the specificities and tradition, the introduction of the circularity concept can be considered the most acceptable. Research on readiness for transition to circularity in RS rural areas has not been conducted; therefore, the goal of the paper is to develop a concept for assessing the capacity of rural areas for circularity. This study is the first scientific proposal that aims to provide input for policymakers, thus contributing to the creation of a new identity of RS, whose development is based on the principles of sustainability.

Methods
The study was conducted as conceptual research, with the objective of examining an undiscovered phenomenon without empirical evidence and incorporating the targeted phenomenon into a conceptual framework, while providing a proposal for a solution model based on an interdisciplinary approach—the application of qualitative and quantitative methods (aggregation of composite indicators and Delphi method).

Results
Paper results can be summarized as follows: (a) qualitative analysis of policy framework related to RS transition towards circularity (which shows that regulation is insufficient or non-existent, so conceptual research at this stage is necessary and only possible); (b) research questionnaire; (c) original set of indicators for measuring capacity for circularity (derived from the questionnaire); (d) concept of index of capacity of agriculture and rural areas for circularity (based on a set of indicators); and (e) concept of the monitoring of circularity implementation.

Conclusions
The main research findings presented in this paper could be beneficial for countries at early stages of introducing circularity, having both low and high agricultural potential. With slight modifications, they can also be applied to other economic activities.
Urine output as one of the most important features in differentiating in-hospital death among patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a random forest approach
Authors: Chang Sheng-Nan , Hu Nian-Ze , Wu Jo-Hsuan , Cheng Hsun-Mao , Caffrey James L. , Yu Hsi-Yu , Chen Yih-Sharng , Hsu Jiun , Lin Jou-Wei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
It is common to support cardiovascular function in critically ill patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The purpose of this study was to identify patients receiving ECMO with a considerable risk of dying in hospital using machine learning algorithms.

Methods
A total of 1342 adult patients on ECMO support were randomly assigned to the training and test groups. The discriminatory power (DP) for predicting in-hospital mortality was tested using both random forest (RF) and logistic regression (LR) algorithms.

Results
Urine output on the first day of ECMO implantation was found to be one of the most predictive features that were related to in-hospital death in both RF and LR models. For those with oliguria, the hazard ratio for 1 year mortality was 1.445 (p < 0.001, 95% CI 1.265–1.650).

Conclusions
Oliguria within the first 24 h was deemed especially significant in differentiating in-hospital death and 1 year mortality.
Prophylactic antibiotics for preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia: a pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Zha Shanshan , Niu Jianyi , He Zhenfeng , Fu Wei , Huang Qiaoyun , Guan Lili , Zhou Luqian , Chen Rongchang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The role of prophylactic antibiotics in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unclear. This network meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing VAP in an IMV population in intensive-care units (ICUs).

Methods
We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to December 2021, to identify relevant studies assessing the impact of prophylactic antibiotics on the incidence of VAP, the mortality, and the duration of ICU stays and hospitalization to perform a meta-analysis.

Results
Thirteen studies (2144 patients) were included, 12 of which were selected for the primary analysis, which revealed that treatment with prophylactic antibiotics resulted in a lower VAP rate compared with control groups [risk ratio (RR) = 0.62]. Bayesian network meta-analysis indicated that aerosolized tobramycin and intravenous ampicillin–sulbactam presented the greatest likelihood being the most efficient regimen for reducing VAP.

Conclusions
Antibiotic prophylaxis may reduce the incidence of VAP, but not the mortality, for adult patients undergoing IMV in ICUs. Tobramycin via nebulization and ampicillin–sulbactam via intravenous administration presented the greatest likelihood of being the most efficient regimen for preventing VAP. However, well-designed randomized studies are warranted before definite recommendations can be made.
Prevalence and factors associated with pentavalent vaccination: a cross-sectional study in Southern China
Authors: Xu Jianing , Cui Yujie , Huang Chuican , Dong Yuanyuan , Zhang Yunting , Fan Lichun , Li Guohong , Jiang Fan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Immunization is one of the most far-reaching and cost-effective strategies for promoting good health and saving lives. A complex immunization schedule, however, may be burdensome to parents and lead to reduced vaccine compliance and completion. Thus, it is critical to develop combination vaccines to reduce the number of injections and simplify the immunization schedule. This study aimed to investigate the current status of the pentavalent diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis inactivated poliomyelitis and Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate (DTaP-IPV/Hib) vaccination in Southern China as well as explore the factors in the general population associated with uptake and the differences between urban and rural populations.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with recently enrolled kindergarten students in Hainan Province between December 2022 and January 2023. The study employed a stratified multistage cluster random sampling method. Information regarding the demographic characteristics and factors that influence decisions were collected from the caregivers of children via an online questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with the status of DTap-IPV/Hib vaccinations.

Results
Of the 4818 valid responses, 95.3% of children were aged 3–4 years, and 2856 (59.3%) held rural hukou. Coverage rates of the DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine, from 1 to 4 doses, were 24.4%, 20.7%, 18.5%, and 16.0%, respectively. Caregivers who are concerned about vaccine efficacy [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.53, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30–1.79], the manufacturer (aOR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.69–2.49), and a simple immunization schedule (aOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.04–1.54) are factors associated with a higher likelihood of vaccinating children against DTaP-IPV/Hib. In addition, caregivers in urban areas showed more concern about the vaccine price (P = 0.010) and immunization schedule (P = 0.022) in regard to vaccinating children.

Conclusions
The DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine coverage rate in Hainan Province remains low. Factors such as lower socioeconomic status, cultural beliefs, concerns about vaccine safety, and cost may hinder caregivers from vaccinating their children. Further measures, such as health education campaigns to raise knowledge and awareness, and encouragement of domestic vaccine innovation, which would reduce out-of-pocket costs, could be implemented to improve the coverage of DTap-IPV/Hib vaccination.

Graphical Abstract
Comparison of triploid and diploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fine-scale movement, migration and catchability in lowland lakes of western Washington
Authors: Pease Jessica E. , Losee James P. , Caromile Stephen , Madel Gabriel , Lucero Michael , Kagley Anna , Bertram Michael G. , Martin Jake M. , Quinn Thomas P. , Palm Daniel , Hellström Gustav 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFisheries managers stock triploid (i.e., infertile, artificially produced) rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss in North American lakes to support sport fisheries while minimizing the risk of genetic introgression between hatchery and wild trout. In Washington State, the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) allocates approximately US $3 million annually to stock hatchery-origin rainbow trout in > 600 lakes, yet only about 10% of them are triploids. Many lakes in Washington State drain into waters that support wild anadromous steelhead O. mykiss that are listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. As a result, there is a strong interest in understanding the costs and benefits associated with stocking sterile, triploid rainbow trout as an alternative to traditional diploids. The objectives of this study were to compare triploid and diploid rainbow trout in terms of: (1) contribution to the sport fishery catch, (2) fine-scale movements within the study lakes, (3) rate of emigration from the lake, and (4) natural mortality. Our results demonstrated that triploid and diploid trout had similar day-night distribution patterns, but triploid trout exhibited a lower emigration rate from the lake and lower catch rates in some lakes. Overall, triploid rainbow trout represent a viable alternative to stocking of diploids, especially in lakes draining to rivers, because they are sterile, have comparable home ranges, and less often migrate.