bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vascular risk factors and cerebrovascular pathologic changes on autopsy: The 90+ Study
Authors: Rajmohan Ravi , Al‐Darsani Zeinah , Ho Chu‐Ching , Wong Joey , Paganini‐Hill Annlia , Montine Thomas , Corrada Maria , Kawas Claudia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONCerebrovascular pathologic changes (CVPC) are prevalent and associated with dementia in those ≥ 90 years. However, CVPC associations to traditional risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia) are variable. We hypothesized that neither traditional risk factors nor related medications would be associated with CVPC presence.METHODSIn autopsy volunteers from The 90+ Study, odds ratios (OR) of CVPC presence to self‐reported vascular risk factors and cardiovascular medication classes were calculated using logistic regressions adjusted for age of death, sex, and education.RESULTSIn 267 participants (mean age at death 98 (±3.5) years; 75% female), CVPC presence was not related to traditional risk factors. Lower odds of atherosclerosis with diuretics [OR 0.55] and lower odds of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) with B‐blocker [OR 0.57] or vasodilator [OR 0.40] use were observed.DISCUSSIONOur findings suggest that vascular risk factors are not risk factors for CVPC at this age, medications have mitigated risks, or survival bias obscures associations.Highlights
Cardiovascular risk factors are thought to contribute to cerebrovascular diseases.
Risk factors were generally not associated with cerebrovascular changes.
Lower odds of certain cerebrovascular changes were associated with antihypertensive use.
Construction of the Ternary Cu2O/UiO‐66‐NH2@GO Heterostructure Photocatalyst for Efficient Degradation of Organic Pollutants
Authors: Lin Kui , Cao Boxiang , Deng Xiaojuan , Li Qiang , Wang Yi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPhotocatalytic degradation of pollutants under visible light is a propitious approach to address the issue of environmental pollution. The photocatalytic degradation by heterogeneous Cu2O‐based photocatalysts has been widely concerned. Herein, a ternary Cu2O/UiO‐66‐NH2@GO nanocomposite was successfully prepared by a two‐step hydrothermal technique for the photodegradation of organic pollutants in water. The successful fabrication of a ternary heterostructure composed of Cu2O, UiO‐66‐NH2, and GO was confirmed by SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, Raman, and FTIR characterization. The ternary heterostructure photocatalyst effectively improved the photoresponse and porous characteristics of Cu2O. Under visible light, 98.6% of 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP) and 99.2% of rhodamine B (RhB) were degraded by Cu2O/UiO‐66‐NH2@GO photocatalyst with 3 and 15 min, respectively. The Kapp values of 4‐NP and RhB photocatalytic degradation were calculated as 1.450 and 0.428 min−1, respectively. The stability tests showed that the photocatalyst was reasonably excellent after four cycles. The enhanced efficiency benefited from the strengthened visible light harvesting, reduced recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs, and enhanced migration efficiency of charge carriers. The effects of scavengers confirmed that hole trapping species played a crucial role during the photodegradation process. The proposed study provides inspiration for designing a simple multiheterostructure visible light–driven photocatalyst with promising environmental remediation applications.
Unprecedented carbonic anhydrase inhibition mechanism: Targeting histidine 64 side chain through a halogen bond
Authors: Paciotti Roberto , Carradori Simone , Angeli Andrea , D'Agostino Ilaria , Ferraroni Marta , Coletti Cecilia , Supuran Claudiu T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract2,2′‐Thio‐bis(4,6‐dichlorophenol), namely bithionol, is a small molecule endowed with a multifaceted bioactivity. Its peculiar polychlorinated phenolic structure makes it a suitable candidate to explore its potentialities in establishing interaction patterns with enzymes of MedChem interest, such as the human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) metalloenzymes. Herein, bithionol was tested on a panel of specific hCAs through the stopped‐flow technique, showing a promising micromolar inhibitory activity for the hCA II isoform. X‐ray crystallographic studies revealed an unprecedented halogen‐bond interaction between one chlorine of bithionol and the N3(ε) atom of the hCA II catalytically active histidine residue, His64. Then, quantum mechanics calculations based on the fragment molecular orbital method allowed us to estimate the strength of this bond (~2.9 kcal/mol) and highlighted the contribution of a rich hydrophobic interaction network within the isoenzyme. Interestingly, the compound inactivity against the hCA III isoform, characterized by His64Lys and Leu198Phe mutations, supported the key role played by halogen bonding in the enzyme affinity. This finding might pave the way for the development of a new class of hCA inhibitors characterized by such chemical features, with the halogen bond being a key ligand–receptor interaction.
Regional observability in the context of Riemann–Liouville fractional differential systems
Authors: Ben Brahim Hamza , Zguaid Khalid , El Alaoui Fatima Zahrae 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the notion of regional observability within a specific category of linear time‐fractional systems with a differentiation order ranging between 1 and 2. This extends the conventional understanding of regional observability beyond classical systems, particularly hyperbolic systems, to encompass fractional systems. After presenting essential concepts and definitions, we establish criteria for both exact and approximate regional observability. The significance of regional analysis is exemplified through a fractional system that lacks global observability but displays observability within a specific region. Subsequently, we outline a method for determining the system's state at
within the region of interest (
). This involves employing Hilbert's uniqueness method to transform the state reconstruction problem into a solvability problem. We then introduce a numerical approach tailored for reconstructing the initial state within the specified region. To substantiate our theoretical findings, we conclude with two successful numerical results, each involving different sensor types and demonstrating a reasonable margin of error.
Relationship between service receipt during the COVID‐19 pandemic and autistic children's multisystem outcomes and autism severity: A SPARK dataset analysis
Authors: Tsai Jung‐Mei , Bhat Anjana 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) display a variety of core and co‐occurring difficulties in social, communication, everyday functioning, cognitive, motor, and language domains. Receiving a combination of services to accommodate needs of autistic individuals is essential for improving their future outcomes. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, reduced service access negatively impacted autistic children's outcomes. This study aimed to examine the relationship between service receipt and parental perceived outcomes in autistic children while accounting for various demographic, child, and parental factors. We utilized parental COVID‐19 impact survey data from the SPARK study (N = 6067). Ordinal logistic regression analyses were used to predict perceived child outcomes. Demographic, child, and parental factors were included in the prediction models. Service receipt of SLT, ABA, PT/OT, MED, and MH were associated with perceived child outcomes. PT/OT and ABA predicted improvements in domains of social interaction, everyday activity, and overall autism severity; SLT and ABA contributed to improved perceived communication outcomes. Receiving MH and MED services was associated with worsening of perceived outcomes on all domains. Younger age, males, higher family income, lower autism severity, lower motor, function, and cognitive delay, greater language delay, and the absence of parental mental health issues were associated with greater improvements in various perceived outcomes. Overall, PT/OT and ABA services are associated with improved perceived social and functional outcomes whereas SLT and ABA services are associated with improved perceived communication outcomes. We also provide a wholistic view of factors affecting relationships between service receipt and perceived child outcomes during the pandemic.
Influence of Electrolyte on the Electrochemical Performance of the Biomass‐Derived Hard Carbon for Potassium Ion Batteries
Authors: Sahoo Raghunath , Venkatachalam Subramanian , Sundara Ramaprabhu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThere is a promising aspect of potassium‐ion batteries (KIB) alternative to lithium‐ion batteries (LIB) due to a similar charge storage mechanism. However, the major hurdles, such as higher volume pulverization during continuous cycling, lower Coulombic efficiency, and subsequent fading, need to be addressed before the commercialization of KIB. In this regard, the choice of electrolytes and their impact on the electrochemical performance of the electrode is quite crucial. Here, a two‐step pyrolysis method was used to synthesize hard coconut shell‐derived hard carbon (HHC). The synthesized powder was characterized by various analytical techniques to confirm the formation of pyrolyzed carbon. The surface area of the synthesized powder was calculated to be around 40.9 m2.g−1. Three types of electrolytes such as 1 M KPF6 in EC: DEC (1 : 1 v/v), 0.8 M KPF6 in EC: DEC (1 : 1 v/v), and 1 M KTFSI in TEGDME, were prepared to study the electrochemical performance of the assembled KIB cell. The study demonstrated that compared to other electrolytes, 0.8 M KPF6 in EC: DEC (1 : 1 v/v) exhibited higher coulombic efficiency, higher charge storage capacity, and much better capacity retention. The EIS studies revealed that a lower solution resistance and a higher pseudo capacitance have aided in better electrochemical performance for 0.8 M KPF6 in EC: DEC (1 : 1 v/v) electrolyte. The cell exhibited a higher specific capacity of 187.3 mAh g−1 at a current density of 200 mA g−1 with a higher coulombic efficiency of 96.8 % and retained about 86.7 % of the original capacity after 100 cycles of charge‐discharge. This promising combination of appropriate electrolytes and electrodes can further advance the research progress of potassium ion batteries.
Novel View Synthesis Based on Similar Perspective
Authors: Huang Wenkang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNeural radiance fields (NeRF) technology has garnered significant attention due to its exceptional performance in generating high‐quality novel view images. In this study, we propose an innovative method that leverages the similarity between views to enhance the quality of novel view image generation. Initially, a pre‐trained NeRF model generates an initial novel view image, which is subsequently compared and subjected to feature transfer with the most similar reference view from the training dataset. Following this, the reference view that is most similar to the initial novel view is selected from the training dataset. We designed a texture transfer module that employs a strategy progressing from coarse‐to‐fine, effectively integrating salient features from the reference view into the initial image, thus producing more realistic novel view images. By using similar views, this approach not only improves the quality of novel perspective images but also incorporates the training dataset as a dynamic information pool into the novel view integration process. This allows for the continuous acquisition and utilization of useful information from the training data throughout the synthesis process. Extensive experimental validation shows that using similar views to provide scene information significantly outperforms existing neural rendering techniques in enhancing the realism and accuracy of novel view images.
Antifungal Potentials of Asian Plants: Ethnobotanical Insights and Phytochemical Investigations
Authors: Alam Safaet , Chowdhury Md. Nafees Rahman , Hossain Md. Abir , Richi Fahmida Tasnim , Emon Nazim Uddin , Mohammad Mahathir , Ahmed Najneen , Taher Mohammad Abdullah 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEthnomedicinal plants in Asia offer a promising, low‐side‐effect alternative to synthetic drugs for treating fungal infections, one of the most widespread communicable diseases caused by pathogenic fungi. Despite being underexplored, the region's rich plant diversity holds the potential for developing effective antifungal drugs. Research is increasingly focused on bioactive compounds from these plants, which show strong antifungal properties and may serve as leads for new drug development. This comprehensive review included 257 articles which are peer‐reviewed and written in english language with reported phytochemicals exerting antifungal potentials. In this review, we have discussed twenty‐seven (27) Asian medicinal plants that contain sixty‐seven (67) responsible phytochemicals deciphering promising antifungal action. This finding revealed that Asian plant diversity can be helpful in treating fungal invasion against several fungal species. Inhibition and reduction of mycelial growth and zoospore germination, fungistatic and fungicidal activities, and inhibition of ergosterol biosynthesis are some common mechanisms reported in this review. Thus, this Asian plant diversity can provide a ray of hope as a modern therapeutic approach to bypass antimicrobial resistance issues noticed in recent days. Further research is still recommended to ascertain their exact mode of action, required dose, and safety and efficacy profile.
First Experience With a Novel Self‐Expandable Valve for Mitral Annular Calcification Guided by Three‐Dimensional Printing
Authors: Wang Yiwei , Ma Yuliang , Liu Yang , Yang Jian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTranscatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) may emerge as a surgical alternative for high‐risk patients with severe mitral annular calcification (MAC), yet several questions remain to be addressed. We present the case of a 67‐year‐old high‐risk female patient with severe MAC (MAC score = 8) and mitral stenosis (effective orifice area = 121.3 mm2). To avoid conventional high‐risk surgery, we opted to perform the TMVR using the novel Mi‐thos system via the transapical approach. We utilized a patient‐specific three‐dimensional printed model derived by preprocedural computed tomography angiography data to assess the feasibility of the novel device and to guide the operation, mitigating potential challenges. The successful outcome of the guided procedure led to symptomatic improvement in the patient. This case represents the first experience with the novel Mi‐thos system for TMVR in a patient with severe MAC. Guided by a patient‐specific three‐dimensional printed model, the dedicated transcatheter heart valve may be a feasible and safe option for high‐risk patients with severe MAC.
Severe Life‐Threatening Hypokalemia Primarily Presented With Isolated Paralysis: Case Series From Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Getasew Kassaw , Asfaw Seid Arage , Asres Lisanne Seifu , Kassa Beniam Yohannes 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSevere hypokalemia can primarily present as a weakness of the limbs, without any other clinical manifestation. A life‐threatening level of decreased serum potassium level can be unusually present with isolated weakness of the limbs and might be misdiagnosed, or the diagnosis may be delayed.
Management of an Intraparenchymal Struvite Stone Using Laparoscopic Nephrolithotomy: A Case Report
Authors: Hidayat‐Allah Ayoub , Friedersdorff Frank 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aims to present a case of laparoscopic nephrolithotomy and highlight its successful outcome. The patient was a 65‐year‐old male who experienced intermittent colicky flank pain. Imaging revealed the presence of a 20‐mm round‐shaped stone in a hydronephrotic calyx located in the mid‐pole of the left kidney, possibly with a parenchymal component. Given the stone's location, neither percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) nor ureterorenoscopy (URS) was considered feasible. The findings of this study demonstrate the effectiveness and suitability of laparoscopic nephrolithotomy (LNL) in managing stones. It emphasizes that LNL can be utilized not only as an alternative treatment but also as a viable initial option when appropriate case selection is made.
Vibrio cholerae Skin and Soft Tissue Infection Complicated by Sepsis in an Immunocompromised Patient: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Carr Erin Rebecca , Estepa Adrian , Colson Jordan , Ayoade Folusakin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPhysicians should consider non‐O1, non‐O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) in the differential diagnosis of cellulitis complicated by sepsis, especially in immunocompromised patients when potential exposure exists. Due to the pathogen's potential for severe infections and rising incidence from environmental changes, we emphasize the need for increased awareness and appropriate treatment guidelines.
Nucleophilic Functionalization of Activated P4 in [CpFe(CO)2‐(η1‐P4)][Al(ORF)4] with Alcohols R‐OH
Authors: Roehner David , Ramos Elise , Dabringhaus Philipp , Scherer Harald , Krossing Ingo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe bonding situation in [Fp−P4][Al(ORF)4] (1) (Fp = (CO)2CpFe, RF = C(CF3)3) gives rise to an Umpolung of the P4 fragment, which should make it accessible for nucleophiles. To investigate this projected reactivity, the complex was combined with a series of hydroxy‐nucleophiles – that all do not react with free P4 – leading to a variety of P1 building blocks. With excess of R‐OH (R = Me, Et, Ph), the thermodynamically more stable complex salts [Fp−P(H)x(OR)3‐x)][Al(ORF)4] (x=2,1,0) (2b–2d) are formed and show that the phosphonium type pathway is accessible. Quantum chemical calculations display a variety of reaction pathways that all lead very rapidly to the P1 building blocks. With stoichiometric amounts of R‐OH, [Fp‐PH3][Al(ORF)4] (2 a) as well as [HP(OR)3][Al(ORF)4] (2 f) were observed as products. Hence, activation of the P4‐cage in complex 1 was confirmed.
Techno‐economic assessment and optimization of simple and complex distillation column sequences of the olefin recovery plant using an automatic approach
Authors: Abedi Maryam , Mallahzadeh Ali , Kasiri Norollah , Khalili‐Garakani Amirhossein 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe synthesis of multicomponent distillation column sequences is complex due to the numerous possible scenarios. Therefore, employing a systematic and automated approach can be highly advantageous. This study analyzes and evaluates both simple and complex distillation column sequences suitable for the cold end of olefin plants to enhance olefin's production performance. A matrix‐based algorithm is used to generate possible configurations, which are then rigorously simulated and optimized using genetic algorithm. These steps are executed systematically and automatically within an integrated development environment. Sequences are evaluated based on energy consumption, exergy losses, and economic aspects. The impact of the hydrogenation reactor's location on distillation sequence performance is also examined. In the two case studies, the symmetrical sequence demonstrated the best economic performance, achieving a total annual cost (TAC) 11.21% lower than that of conventional sequences for the given feed.
Estimation of Central Aortic Pressure Waveforms by Combination of a Meta‐Learning Neural Network and a Physics‐Driven Method
Authors: Sun Hao , Ma Junling , Li Bao , Liu Youjun , Liu Jincheng , Wang Xue , Baier Gerold , Liu Jian , Zhang Liyuan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe accurate non‐invasive detection and estimation of central aortic pressure waveforms (CAPW) are crucial for reliable treatments of cardiovascular system diseases. But the accuracy and practicality of current estimation methods need to be improved. Our study combines a meta‐learning neural network and a physics‐driven method to accurately estimate CAPW based on personalized physiological indicators. We collected data from 260 patients who underwent catheterization surgery, using measured CAPW and personalized physiological indicators (e.g., weight, body mass index (BMI), radial mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), cardiac output (CO), radial systolic blood pressure (SBP), and radial diastolic blood pressure (DBP)) as input for neural network training. The output of the neural network are the Gaussian characteristic parameters of the single‐period decomposed CAPW. The neural network model was constructed using the model‐agnostic meta‐learning (MAML) algorithm framework. Applying the physical characteristics of CAPW to the loss function, served to increase the constraints on the output and improve the accuracy of CAPW estimation. To verify the accuracy of the model, we compared measured and estimated CAPW in 52 patients. The results are consistent with a normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) of 0.0206. The predictions had low biases, namely SBP: 4.97 ± 4.42 mmHg, DBP: 4.78 ± 5.98 mmHg, and MAP: 0.35 ± 3.36 mmHg. The results demonstrate the accuracy and practicability of the approach to estimate CAPW. It can provide personalized parameters to calculate myocardial ischemia indicators (e.g., instantaneous wave‐free ratio [iFR] and fractional flow reserve [FFR]) and may contribute to the early monitoring and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
Colloidal High Entropy Alloy Nanoparticles: Synthetic Strategies and Electrocatalytic Properties
Authors: Joe Ziehl Tyler , Zhang Peng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHigh entropy alloy (HEA) nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted much attention recently due to their unprecedented chemical properties. As such, HEA NPs have been used as materials with superior activity toward electrocatalytic applications. Specifically, solid solutions that form randomly mixed single‐phased structures have received the most focus in the early stages of HEA NP development for their entropic‐driven design and multifunctionality. Advances to non‐colloidal and colloidal synthetic methods have allowed for the fabrication of solid solution HEA NPs with varying compositions and complexity to be applied to many practical applications such as fuel cells, energy storage and agriculture. In this review, the current colloidal methods and catalytic mechanisms for solid solution HEA NP synthesis are investigated from the physical chemistry perspective. A comprehensive discussion on the theory, techniques, and electrocatalytic applications of colloidal syntheses for successful solid solution HEA NP formation is presented. Finally, promising perspectives for the continued development of physical insights into structure‐property relationships towards improved HEA NP synthesis and application are discussed.
What Is Transformative Dialogue and How Does It Bring About Transformation? A Commentary to Florian Bekkers' Article “Is Transformative Dialogue a Possible and Justifiable Intervention for Resolving Intractable Conflicts?”
Authors: Cleven Erik 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn his article “Is Transformative Dialogue a possible and justifiable intervention for resolving intractable conflicts?” Florian Bekkers discusses three processes that have all been referred to as Transformative Dialogue. In this commentary the author claims that these processes are in fact fundamentally different and that one of the ways they differ is in how they use theory and what guides the action of interveners in each approach. Most conflict theories are meant to explain conflict behavior rather than guide the decisions of interveners, which are instead based on implicit and unspoken assumptions. Clarifying the assumptions of interveners would do much to both highlight salient differences between approaches and to address critical questions of ethics which Bekkers raises in his article. Transformative Dialogue building on the premises of Transformative Mediation is nondirective and the transformation achieved is based on the fact that participants make key decisions about dialogue and how to relate to others themselves.