bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Musculoskeletal Pain as a Risk Factor for Poor Dizziness Outcomes: A Longitudinal Study among Patients With Persistent Vestibular Dizziness
Authors: Moen Unni , Nilsen Roy Miodini , Knapstad Mari Kalland , Wilhelmsen Kjersti Thulin , Nordahl Stein Helge Glad , Goplen Frederik Kragerud , Meldrum Dara , Magnussen Liv Heide 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Musculoskeletal pain and psychological distress are prevalent comorbidities in patients with persistent dizziness. Little is known about how comorbid pain influences the outcome of persistent dizziness. This study examined the impact of pain on dizziness outcomes and the potential modifying role of psychological distress.

Methods
Longitudinal study of 150 patients with persistent dizziness. Vertigo Symptom Scale short form (VSS-SF), Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), number of pain sites, pain intensity, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were assessed at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Linear mixed effects model for longitudinal data was used to explore the association between musculoskeletal pain and dizziness. Interaction analysis was used to assess whether psychological distress had a modifying effect on the association between pain and dizziness.

Results
VSS-SF and DHI decreased during follow-up but not to a clinically relevant level for the patients. Patients reporting comorbid psychological distress reported higher scores on VSS-SF, DHI, more pain sites and higher pain intensity. A positive association was observed between the number of pain sites and VSS-SF and between pain intensity and VSS-SF, and these associations were stronger in patients reporting psychological distress. Similar associations were found for DHI. Patients reporting ≥4 pain sites or pain intensity of ≥4 out of 10 at baseline, still reported severe dizziness and moderate disability 12 months later.

Conclusion
Musculoskeletal pain is a risk factor for poor dizziness outcomes, especially when comorbid psychological distress is present. Clinicians should be attentive to musculoskeletal pain when the number of pain sites exceeds 4 or pain intensity exceeds 4 on a numeric rating scale.

Impact
A new understanding of the impact of musculoskeletal pain on persistent dizziness could be the key to successful recovery and the prevention of prolonged issues.
Competition modulates the effects of social comparison on ERP responses during face processing
Authors: Lin Huiyan , Liang Jiafeng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Little is known about the effect of prior social performance feedback on face processing. Our previous study explored how equal and unequal social comparison-related outcomes modulate event-related potential (ERP) responses to subsequently presented faces, where interests between oneself and others were independent (noncompetitive situations). Here, we aimed to extend this investigation by assessing how different unequal social comparison-related outcomes affect face processing under noncompetitive and competitive situations (i.e. a conflict of interest exists between the self and others). To address this issue, 39 participants were exposed to self-related and social comparison-related outcomes, categorized as positive or negative, after performing an attentional task with peers. Rewards and punishments depended on social comparison-related outcomes in the competition condition and on self-related outcomes in the noncompetition condition. ERP results showed that social comparison-related outcomes influenced P100 responses to faces in the self-positive condition. More notably, the effects on N170 responses observed in the noncompetition condition were absent in the competition condition. There was an effect on late positive potential responses only in the competition and self-negative condition. These findings suggest that social comparison-related outcomes influence early face processing irrespective of competition, while competition subsequently disrupts this processing but, later, enhances depending on self-related outcomes.
Constitutive chemical defense mechanism of inner bark of Sorbus commixta against Trametes versicolor
Authors: Koyama Masato , Shigetomi Kengo , Tamai Yutaka , Arakawa Keita , Sano Yuzou 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Tree bark is a crucial tissue that defends tree stems from invasions by microorganisms. However, our understanding of the constitutive chemical defense mechanisms of the tree barks remains limited. Our group recently discovered that the inner bark of Sorbus commixta Hedl. exhibited potent inhibitory effects on the growth of the white-rot fungus, Trametes versicolor (Linnaeus) Lloyd. It was hypothesized that this growth suppression was due to hydrogen cyanide (HCN) originating from cyanogenic glycosides such as amygdalin and prunasin, which are secondary metabolites in the inner bark of S. commixta. To test this hypothesis, we first quantified the amygdalin content in the inner bark of S. commixta and evaluated the antifungal activity (AFA) of HCN against T. versicolor by placing paper discs on potato dextrose agar with T. versicolor. Subsequently, we identified HCN in the inner bark of S. commixta using a picric acid paper. In the AFA tests, the amygdalin + β-glucosidase solution, the potassium cyanide (KCN) + benzaldehyde solution and the KCN solution exhibited elevated AFA against T. versicolor. Conversely, the amygdalin solution, the β-glucosidase solution and the benzaldehyde solution did not exhibit significant AFA. These findings demonstrate that HCN acts as an antifungal agent against T. versicolor. Furthermore, HCN was detected in the freeze-dried inner bark pieces and the trunks of living S. commixta. This suggests that the disruption of the cells in the inner bark of S. commixta caused the cyanogenic glycosides and β-glucosidase to interact, which resulted in the hydrolysis of cyanogenic glycosides and generation of HCN. From the perspective of constitutive chemical defense mechanisms, HCN plays a crucial role in the high AFA of the inner bark of S. commixta against T. versicolor, creating an unfavorable environment for the growth of white-rot fungus after injury breaches the periderm.
Systematics of minute strabomantid frogs allocated to the genus Noblella (Amphibia: Anura) with description of a new genus, seven new species, and insights into historical biogeography
Authors: Ortega Jhael A , Cisneros-Heredia Diego F , Camper Jeffrey D , Romero-Carvajal Andrés , Negrete Leonardo , Ron Santiago R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Noblella is a genus of 17 recognized nominal species of ground-dwelling, direct-developing frogs. It consists of two clades that do not form a monophyletic group: a northern clade from northern Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, and Brazil and a southern clade from southern Peru and Bolivia. Herein, we present a systematic review of Noblella with emphasis on the northern clade, including a new phylogeny based on DNA sequences of mitochondrial and nuclear genes. We also describe the osteology of five species from the northern clade using X-ray computed tomography. Based on our results, we resurrect the genus Phyllonastes for species of the northern clade (i.e. eight described species plus six new species described herein) and restrict the genus Noblella to the southern clade. We describe a new genus of Holoadeninae, sister to Phyllonastes: Urkuphryne gen. nov., from northern Ecuador. The new genus is distinguished by unique morphological characteristics that are diagnostic of different genera in Strabomantidae. We describe seven new species diagnosable based on morphology. Phyllonastes has five morphological synapomorphies, including the absence of vomerine teeth. Phyllonastes originated in the Pacific basin, Chocó region, ~21 Mya.
Artificial Liver Support Systems in Acute Liver Failure and Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Brown Robert S. , Fisher Robert A. , Subramanian Ram M. , Griesemer Adam , Fernandes Milene , Thatcher William H. , Stiede Kathryn , Curtis Michael 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES:
To systematically review the safety and efficacy of nonbiological (NBAL) or biological artificial liver support systems (BAL) and whole-organ extracorporeal liver perfusion (W-ECLP) systems, in adults with acute liver failure (ALF) and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).

DATA SOURCES:
Eligible NBAL/BAL studies from PubMed/Embase searches were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adult patients with ALF/ACLF, greater than or equal to ten patients per group, reporting outcomes related to survival, adverse events, transplantation rate, and hepatic encephalopathy, and published in English from January 2000 to July 2023. Separately, we searched for studies evaluating W-ECLP in adult patients with ALF or ACLF published between January1990 and July 2023.

STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION:
Two researchers independently screened citations for eligibility and, of eligible studies, retrieved data related to study characteristics, patients and interventions, outcomes definition, and intervention effects. The Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool and Joanna Briggs Institute checklists were used to assess individual study risk of bias. Meta-analysis of mortality at 28–30 days post-support system initiation and frequency of at least one serious adverse event (SAE) generated pooled risk ratios (RRs), based on random (mortality) or fixed (SAE) effects models.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Of 17 trials evaluating NBAL/BAL systems, 11 reported 28–30 days mortality and five reported frequency of at least one SAE. Overall, NBAL/BAL was not statistically associated with mortality at 28–30 days (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.67–1.07; p = 0.169) or frequency of at least one SAE (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.99–1.33; p = 0.059), compared with standard medical treatment. Subgroup results on ALF patients suggest possible benefit for mortality (RR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.44–1.03; p = 0.069). From six reports of W-ECLP (12 patients), more than half (58%) of severe patients were bridged to transplantation and survived without transmission of porcine retroviruses.

CONCLUSIONS:
Despite no significant pooled effects of NBAL/BAL devices, the available evidence calls for further research and development of extracorporeal liver support systems, with larger RCTs and optimization of patient selection, perfusion durability, and treatment protocols.
Understanding ICU Nursing Knowledge, Perceived Barriers, and Facilitators of Sepsis Recognition and Management: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kissel Katherine A. , Krewulak Karla D. , Poulin Thérèse G. , Parhar Ken Kuljit S. , Niven Daniel J. , Doiron Vanessa M. , Fiest Kirsten M. 
Published: January 2025

IMPORTANCE:
Nursing workforce changes, knowledge translation gaps, and environmental/organizational barriers may impact sepsis recognition and management within the ICU.

OBJECTIVES:
To: 1) evaluate current ICU nursing knowledge of sepsis recognition and management, 2) explore individual and environmental or organizational factors impacting nursing recognition and management of sepsis using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), and 3) describe perceived barriers and facilitators to nursing recognition and management of patients with sepsis.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
This cross-sectional survey was administered to nurses working in four general system ICUs between October 24, 2023, and January 30, 2024.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
Quantitative questions (single/multiple choice, true/false, and Likert-based questions eliciting agreement with a statement) were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Open-ended questions exploring barriers and facilitators to sepsis recognition and management were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

RESULTS:
A total of 101 completed survey responses were retained. Most nurses agreed early sepsis detection saves lives (n = 98, 97%, TDF domain Beliefs About Consequences) and that nursing care can improve patient outcomes (n = 97, 96%, TDF domain Optimism). Fewer nurses agreed it was easy to identify priority sepsis interventions based on order urgency (n = 53, 53%, TDF domain Memory, Attention, and Decision Processes). Reoccurring barriers and facilitators to sepsis recognition and management were commonly identified across the TDF domains of Knowledge, Skills, Environmental Context and Resources, and Social Influences, including competency deficit (with facilitators including support from colleagues), workload or staffing, and equipment or resource availability.

CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE:
ICU nursing sepsis recognition and management is impacted by numerous individual, environmental, and organizational factors. Recommendations include enhanced competency development or support, utilization of structured reinforcement measures (involving the interdisciplinary team and imploring the use of integrative technologies), and addressing equipment/resource-related gaps. Future research and improvement initiatives should use a theory-informed approach to overcome the pervasive, complex challenges impeding timely sepsis recognition and management.
Significant Disparities in Adolescents With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Across Trauma Center Types: Wide Variation of Tracheostomy and Gastrostomy
Authors: Katsura Morihiro , Fukuma Shingo , Miyata Shin , Ikenoue Tatsuyoshi , Daggupati Sindhu , Martin Matthew J. , Inaba Kenji , Matsushima Kazuhide 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
To explore practice variations in the rate and timing of tracheostomy and gastrostomy for adolescent with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) across trauma center types.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study,

Setting:
Trauma centers participating in the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program (2017–2021) included adult (ATC), mixed (MTC), and pediatric trauma centers (PTC).

Patients:
Adolescent 14–18 years old with severe TBI (Head Abbreviated Injury Scale: 3–5 and Glasgow Coma Scale: 3–8) requiring mechanical ventilation.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
A multilevel mixed-effect Poisson regression model assessed the association between trauma center type and tracheostomy/gastrostomy rates. Effect sizes for fixed effects were reported as adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% CI. Secondary analyses were performed to assess the association between trauma center types and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Of 6978 patients, tracheostomy and gastrostomy were performed in 22.5% and 21.3% at ATC, 20.8% and 21.3% at MTC, and 6.9% and 11.1% at PTC, respectively. The median time to tracheostomy was 10 days (interquartile range [IQR], 7–13 d) at ATC, 11 days (IQR, 7–15 d) at MTC, and 15 days (IQR, 11–23 d) at PTC, demonstrating a significantly later timing of tracheostomy at PTC. In the regression model adjusting for potential confounders, treatment at PTC was significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of tracheostomy and gastrostomy placement compared with ATC (adjusted IRR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.28–0.52; p < 0.001 and adjusted IRR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.44–0.75; p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the occurrence rate of VAP between ATC, MTC, and PTC.

Conclusions:
Our results offer insights into the existing current practice variations between ATC, MTC, and PTC in tracheostomy and gastrostomy placement for adolescent with severe TBI. Further research is warranted to examine the impact of these observed disparities on short- and long-term outcomes and to standardize the care process for adolescent patients.
Analysis Method of 131I Activity in Carbon Cartridge and Internal Dose Assessment for Nuclear Medicine Workers
Authors: Wang Shuo , Tuo Fei , Zhang Jian-feng , Li Xiao-liang , Yang Bao-lu , Zhou Qiang , Li Ze-shu , Kong Shu-ying , Qin Wei-hao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inhalation of 131I is the main route for internal doses to nuclear medicine workers. This study aimed to establish a simple analysis method for determining 131I activity in carbon cartridges, explore the activity concentration of 131I in nuclear medicine departments, and evaluate the internal dose of workers. A total of 21 nuclear medicine departments in the hospital conducted air sampling using a high-volume air sampler equipped with carbon cartridges and glass fiber filters to collect gaseous 131I and aerosol 131I, respectively. Furthermore, a mathematical model was developed to analyze the 131I activity with inhomogeneous distribution in cartridges. Based on the 131I activity measured by the HPGe γ spectrometer, the personal annual inhalation effective dose was estimated. The results showed that there is a significant difference in the activity of gaseous 131I and aerosol 131I, with the activity ranging from 1.5±0.08 Bq m−1 to 3,944.23±197.21 Bq m−3 and ND (not detectable) to 842.11±42.11 Bq m−3, respectively. The activity of aerosol 131I is about 1% to 7% of that of gaseous 131I. The annual committed effective dose caused by inhalation of 131I for workers is 3.6 μSv to 8.23 mSv, which is lower than the dose limit of 20 mSv y−1. In general, the 131I contamination in the nuclear medicine department cannot be ignored, and the concentration of 131I should be regularly monitored to prevent and control the internal radiation to which workers may be exposed.
“Knife cut technique”. A new way for intra ocular lens (IOL) explantation.
Authors: Muraine Marc , Gueudry Julie , Lorenzi Umberto 
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE:
We report a novel technique which enables to cut any kind of foldable lens and extract it using capsulorhexis forceps and a 1.2 mm single-use slit angled knife.

METHODS:
The technique consists in using the capsulorhexis forceps to mantain and stabilize the IOL in the anterior chamber, and while one hand holds the IOL in that way, the second hand introduces a 1.2 mm slit angled knife through a paracenthesis and cuts the IOL on 3/4 of his diameter. The IOL is then extracted in one or twe pieces.

RESULTS:
Since march 2021 we performed the technique in 82 eyes of 79 patients. Learning curve was very fast and the technique was easily managed by two experimented surgeons.

CONCLUSION:
Intraocular lens (IOL) explantation is not a simple surgical technique, and requires potentially dangerous surgical maneuvers hence the description of several surgical techniques, and the existence of expensive extraction kits which provide micro scissors and micro forceps to cut the lens more easily. We believe that the knife cut technique, which has never described to this day, is particularly interesting since it is cheap, easy to do, and useful for all foldable IOL explantation.
Comparison of Carbon Dioxide Laser and Surgical Excision for the Treatment of Eyelid Margin Benign Tumors: A Prospective, Randomized, and Single-blind Study
Authors: Liu Ninghua , Song Nan , Li Chunming , Zhang Jing 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy between carbon dioxide (CO2) laser excision and surgical excision for the treatment of eyelid margin benign tumors.

Methods:
In this single-center, prospective, randomized, and single-blind study, 32 patients diagnosed with eyelid margin benign tumors were enrolled from February 2019 to February 2020 and randomly divided into 2 groups. The sexes, ages, tumor size (length×width), scar, procedure time, physicians’ assessment score, patients’ satisfaction score, and complications were recorded. Histologic analyses were obtained in all patients.

Results:
No significant difference in baseline data (sexes, ages, and tumor size) was found between the 2 groups. The mean scar length at 1-week post-treatment in the CO2 laser excision group was significantly shorter than surgical excision group (0.3±0.1 versus 0.5±0.1 cm, P<0.05), and procedure time in CO2 laser excision group was significantly shorter than surgical excision group (5.8±1.5 versus 26.7±6.4 min, P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the physicians’ assessment score and patients’ satisfaction score between the 2 groups. During the follow-up period, no severe complications were observed.

Conclusions:
Compared with surgical excision, CO2 laser excision was a rapid procedure and associated with favorable cosmetic outcomes.
Comparative Safety of Istradefylline Among Parkinson Disease Adjunctive Therapies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies
Authors: Torres-Yaghi Yasar , Qian Joyce , Cummings Hannah , Shimoda Hiroo , Ito Satoru , Batson Sarah , Mitchell Stephen , Pagan Fernando 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Adjunctive therapies to treat OFF episodes resulting from long-term levodopa treatment in Parkinson disease (PD) are hampered by safety and tolerability issues. Istradefylline offers an alternative mechanism (adenosine A2A receptor antagonist) and therefore potentially improved tolerability.

Methods
A systematic review of PD adjuncts published in 2011 was updated to include randomized controlled trials published from January 1, 2010–April 15, 2019. Pairwise meta-analyses were updated, and Bucher indirect comparisons were used to generate estimates of relative safety, presented as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for comparators versus istradefylline.

Results
Fifty-seven randomized controlled trials involving 11,517 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Relative to istradefylline, dopamine agonists and catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors had statistically significant higher odds of dyskinesia and somnolence. Monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors had significantly higher odds of hypotension. Amantadine extended-release (ER) had statistically significant higher odds of hallucination, orthostatic hypotension, insomnia, and withdrawals due to adverse events. All interventions combined had significantly higher odds of dyskinesia versus istradefylline 20 mg and somnolence versus istradefylline 40 mg. Considering overall incidence of adverse events, COMT inhibitors and amantadine ER had statistically significant higher odds versus both istradefylline doses (COMT versus istradefylline 40 mg, OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.75; versus istradefylline 20 mg, OR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.72; amantadine ER versus istradefylline 40 mg, OR: 3.45; 95% CI: 1.85, 6.25; versus istradefylline 20 mg, OR: 3.33; 95% CI: 1.82, 6.25).

Conclusion
Istradefylline was associated with a generally favorable safety profile relative to other adjunct medications in this study.