bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth Kinetics of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms by Histopathologic Grade
Authors: Cao Jennie J. , Shen Luyao , Visser Brendan C. , Yoon Luke , Kamaya Aya , Tse Justin R. 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
The aims of the study are to describe the growth kinetics of pathologically proven, treatment-naive pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (panNENs) at imaging surveillance and to determine their association with histopathologic grade and Ki-67.

Methods
This study included 100 panNENs from 95 patients who received pancreas protocol computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging from January 2005 to July 2022. All masses were treatment-naive, had histopathologic correlation, and were imaged with at least 2 computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging at least 90 days apart. Growth kinetics was assessed using linear and specific growth rate, stratified by grade and Ki-67. Masses were also assessed qualitatively to determine other possible imaging predictors of grade.

Results
There were 76 grade 1 masses, 17 grade 2 masses, and 7 grade 3 masses. Median (interquartile range) linear growth rates were 0.06 cm/y (0–0.20), 0.40 cm/y (0.22–1.06), and 2.70 cm/y (0.41–3.89) for grade 1, 2, and 3 masses, respectively (P < 0.001). Linear growth rate correlated with Ki-67 with r
2 of 0.623 (P < 0.001). At multivariate analyses, linear growth rate was the only imaging feature significantly associated with grade (P = 0.009).

Conclusions
Growth kinetics correlate with Ki-67 and grade. Grade 1 panNENs grow slowly versus grade 2–3 panNENs.
Factors Associated With Quality of Life Among Posttreatment Cancer Survivors in Korea
Authors: Kim Soo Hyun , Choe Yu Hyeon , Choi Jingyeong , Park Ji Young , Yi Eun 
Published: July 2023

Background
Identification of factors associated with quality of life (QOL) among cancer survivors is crucial for identifying potential targets for intervention.

Objectives
We aimed to provide evidence of factors associated with the QOL among posttreatment cancer survivors in Korea.

Methods
We performed a systematic literature search from January 2000 to September 2022 using PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Korean databases (RISS, SCIENCEON). We evaluated study quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute Quality Appraisal Checklists for Analytical Cross-sectional Studies and performed statistical analysis using the R 3.0 software (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) package. We analyzed the pooled effect sizes of potential QOL correlates by the random-effects model.

Results
This meta-analysis included 31 studies with 8934 participants. The pooled estimates were significantly large for economic status (r = −0.53); significantly medium for fatigue (r = −0.39), anxiety (r = −0.29), depression (r = −0.42), self-efficacy (r = 0.37), and social support (r = 0.30); and significantly small for education level (r = −0.18), job status (r = −0.09), cancer stage (r = −0.20), and time since diagnosis (r = −0.26).

Conclusions
Low education level, having no job, low economic status, advanced cancer stage, short disease period, fatigue, anxiety, and depression were significantly associated with worse QOL, whereas self-efficacy and social support were significantly associated with better QOL.

Implications for Practice
The findings have potential implications for identifying “at-risk survivors” of deteriorated QOL and for suggesting powerful strategies (eg, enhancing self-efficacy or social support) for improving QOL.
Referrals for Pediatric Appendicitis to a Tertiary Care Children's Hospital
Authors: McNulty Ellie , Greene Alicia , Boehmer Susan J. , Tsai Anthony , Olympia Robert P. 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
This study aimed to analyze pediatric referrals for definite or possible appendicitis, to compare clinical predictors and laboratory values between patients with and without a final diagnosis of appendicitis, and to determine the accuracy of prereferral diagnostic interpretations of computed tomography scans, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging modalities.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients referred from 2015 to 2019 to a tertiary care children's emergency department with definitive or possible appendicitis. Data abstracted included patient demographics, clinical symptoms, physical examination findings, laboratory results, and diagnostic imaging findings (by the referring center and the pediatric radiologist at the accepting center). An Alvarado and Appendicitis Inflammatory Response (AIR) score was calculated for each patient.

Results
Analysis was performed on 381 patients; 226 (59%) had a final diagnosis of appendicitis. Patients with appendicitis were more likely to have symptoms of nausea (P < 0.0001) and vomiting (P < 0.0001), have a higher mean temperature (P = 0.025), right lower quadrant abdominal pain to palpation (P = <0.0001), rebound tenderness (P < 0.0001), a higher mean Alvarado score [5.35 vs 3.45 (P < 0.0001)], and a higher mean AIR score [4.02 vs 2.17 (P < 0.0001)]. Of the 97 diagnostic images initially interpreted as appendicitis by the referring center, 10 (10.3%) were read as no evidence of appendicitis. Of the 62 diagnostic images initially interpreted as “possible appendicitis” by the referring center, 34 (54.8%) were read as no evidence of appendicitis. Of those diagnostic images initially interpreted as “appendicitis” or “possible appendicitis” by the referring center, 24/89 (27.0%) of computed tomography scans, 17/62 (27.4%) of ultrasounds, and 3/8 (37.5%) of magnetic resonance imaging results were read as no evidence of appendicitis.

Conclusions
Usage of established scoring algorithms, such as Alvarado and AIR, may decrease the unnecessary cost of diagnostic imaging and transfer to tertiary care. Virtual radiology consultations may be 1 potential solution to improve the referral process for pediatric appendicitis if initial interpretation is uncertain.
Application of a Novel Versatile Mini Posterior Nasoseptal Graft in Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Pituitary Adenoma Surgery
Authors: Liu Jianfeng , Li Rui , Zhao Jianhui , Zhao Yu , Wang Yibei , Yang Dazhang , Yu Yanbing 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Skull base reconstruction is a key technique in patients undergoing endoscopic transnasal skull base surgery. Although a pedicled nasoseptal flap (PNSF) is often used to repair large skull base defects with high-flow cerebrospinal fluid leakage, bone exposure of the donor site of the PNSF can result in long-term crusting.

Objective:
To design a novel and versatile mini posterior nasoseptal graft for the reconstruction of defects in the sellar floor or PNSF or pedicled nasoseptal rescue flap (PNSRF) donor site in patients undergoing pituitary adenoma surgery.

Methods:
Patients who underwent pituitary adenoma removal through an endoscopic endonasal approach and repair of a sellar defect or PNSF/PNSRF donor site using the mini posterior nasoseptal graft technique from January 2019 to January 2020 were retrospectively evaluated. Pituitary adenomas were removed using a binostril 4-hand technique through a transnasal transsphenoidal transsellar approach or an expanded transsellar approach.

Results:
Mini posterior nasoseptal grafts were successfully used in 70 patients who underwent pituitary adenoma removal through an endoscopic transsphenoidal sellar approach. Mini posterior nasoseptal grafts repaired sellar defects in 40 patients and donor site defects of the contralateral PNSF/PNSRF in 30 patients. None of these patients experienced cerebrospinal fluid leakage or major complications.

Conclusions:
A mini posterior nasoseptal graft is a safe and effective technique for repairing sellar defects after endoscopic transnasal pituitary adenoma surgery. This technique can also be used to repair defects in PNSF/PNSRF donor sites.
Human Plasma Proteomic Profile of Clonal Hematopoiesis
Authors: Yu Zhi , Vromman Amélie , Nguyen Ngoc Quynh H. , Schuermans Art , Rentz Thiago , Vellarikkal Shamsudheen K. , Uddin Md Mesbah , Niroula Abhishek , Griffin Gabriel , Honigberg Michael C. , Lin Amy E. , Gibson Christopher J. , Katz Daniel H. , Tahir Usman , Fang Shi , Haidermota Sara , Ganesh Shriienidhie , Antoine Tajmara , Weinstock Joshua , Austin Thomas R. , Ramachandran Vasan S. , Peloso Gina M. , Hornsby Whitney , Ganz Peter , Manson JoAnn E. , Haring Bernhard , Kooperberg Charles L. , Reiner Alexander P. , Bis Joshua C. , Psaty Bruce M. , Min Yuan-I , Correa Adolfo , Lange Leslie A. , Post Wendy S. , Rotter Jerome I. , Rich Stephen S. , Wilson James G. , Ebert Benjamin L. , Yu Bing , Ballantyne Christie M. , Coresh Josef , Sankaran Vijay G , Bick Alexander G. , Jaiswal Siddhartha , Gerszten Robert E. ,   NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine, Libby Peter , Gupta Rajat M , Natarajan Pradeep 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPlasma proteomic profiles associated with subclinical somatic mutations in blood cells may offer novel insights into downstream clinical consequences. Here, we explore such patterns in clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), which is linked to several cancer and non-cancer outcomes, including coronary artery disease (CAD). Among 61,833 ancestrally diverse participants (3,881 with CHIP) from NHLBI TOPMed and UK Biobank with blood-based DNA sequencing and proteomic measurements (1,148 proteins by SomaScan in TOPMed and 2,917 proteins by Olink in UK Biobank), we identified 32 and 345 unique proteins from TOPMed and UK Biobank, respectively, associated with the most prevalent driver genes (DNMT3A,TET2, andASXL1). These associations showed substantial heterogeneity by driver genes, sex, and race, and were enriched for immune response and inflammation pathways. Mendelian randomization in humans, coupled with ELISA in hematopoieticTet2-/- vs wild-type mice validation, disentangled causal proteomic perturbations fromTET2CHIP. Lastly, we identified plasma proteins shared between CHIP and CAD.
Major data analysis errors invalidate cancer microbiome findings
Authors: Gihawi Abraham , Ge Yuchen , Lu Jennifer , Puiu Daniela , Xu Amanda , Cooper Colin S. , Brewer Daniel S. , Pertea Mihaela , Salzberg Steven L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe re-analyzed the data from a recent large-scale study that reported strong correlations between microbial organisms and 33 different cancer types, and that created machine learning predictors with near-perfect accuracy at distinguishing among cancers. We found at least two fundamental flaws in the reported data and in the methods: (1) errors in the genome database and the associated computational methods led to millions of false positive findings of bacterial reads across all samples, largely because most of the sequences identified as bacteria were instead human; and (2) errors in transformation of the raw data created an artificial signature, even for microbes with no reads detected, tagging each tumor type with a distinct signal that the machine learning programs then used to create an apparently accurate classifier. Each of these problems invalidates the results, leading to the conclusion that the microbiome-based classifiers for identifying cancer presented in the study are entirely wrong. These flaws have subsequently affected more than a dozen additional published studies that used the same data and whose results are likely invalid as well.
Flavinated SDHA Underlies the Change in Intrinsic Optical Properties of Oral Cancers
Authors: Marumo Tomoko , Maduka Chima V. , Ural Evran , Apu Ehsanul Hoque , Chung Seock-Jin , van den Berg Nynke S. , Zhou Quan , Martin Brock A. , Rosenthal Eben L. , Shibahara Takahiko , Contag Christopher H. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTThe molecular basis of reduced autofluorescence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells relative to normal cells has been speculated to be due to lower levels of free flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). This speculation, along with differences in the intrinsic optical properties of extracellular collagen, lie at the foundation of the design of currently-used clinical optical detection devices. Here, we report that free FAD levels may not account for differences in autofluorescence of OSCC cells, but that the differences relate to FAD as a co-factor for flavination. Autofluorescence from a 70 kDa flavoprotein, succinate dehydrogenase A (SDHA), was found to be responsible for changes in optical properties within the FAD spectral region with lower levels of flavinated SDHA in OSCC cells. Since flavinated SDHA is required for functional complexation with succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB), decreased SDHB levels were observed in human OSCC tissue relative to normal tissues. Accordingly, the metabolism of OSCC cells was found to be significantly altered relative to normal cells, revealing vulnerabilities for both diagnosis and targeted therapy. Optimizing non-invasive tools based on optical and metabolic signatures of cancers will enable more precise and early diagnosis leading to improved outcomes in patients.
Metagenomics untangles metabolic adaptations of Antarctic endolithic bacteria at the fringe of habitability
Authors: Coleine Claudia , Albanese Davide , Ray Angelique E. , Delgado-Baquerizo Manuel , Stajich Jason E. , Williams Timothy J. , Larsen Stefano , Tringe Susannah , Pennacchio Christa , Ferrari Belinda C. , Donati Claudio , Selbmann Laura 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundEndolithic niches offer an ultimate refuge, supplying buffered conditions for microorganisms that dwell inside rock airspaces. Yet, survival and growth strategies of Antarctic endolithic microbes residing in Earths’ driest and coldest desert remains virtually unknown.ResultsFrom 109 endolithic microbiomes, 4,539 metagenome-assembled genomes were generated, 49.3% of which were novel candidate bacterial species. We present evidence that trace gas oxidation and atmospheric chemosynthesis may be the prevalent strategies supporting metabolic activity and persistence of these ecosystems at the fringe of life and the limits of habitability.ConclusionsThese results represent the foundation to untangle adaptability at the edge of sustainability on Earth and on other dry Earth-like planetary bodies such as Mars.
Navigating through turbulence: Jet Airways’ acquisition failure and recapitalisation strategy
Authors: Jain Harshika , Dhamija Sanjay 
Published: July 2023

Learning outcomes
The case aims to understand and analyse the capital structure decisions made by a profit-making, growing organisation which aimed to be India’s premier airline and the market leader. The company that had pursued a high debt policy, to take advantage of the financial leverage that it would get, was now facing problems in an operating environment that proved to be challenging. A decline in operating profit, coupled with high-interest costs and an uncertain environment with cutthroat competition, had caused the company to plunge into losses. Attempts to deleverage by equity infusion were proving to be difficult. The case can be used in MBA, Executive Education and doctoral programmes. The learning objectives of this case are: to analyse the capital structure of the company, to interpret the relationship between financial leverage and risk, to assess the pecking order theory, to analyse the nuances of the aviation sector and the factors influencing the profitability of the companies in the aviation industry, to estimate the risks and the rewards associated with foreign currency loans, to evaluate the magnifying impact of the financial leverage and to propose deleveraging methods like sale and leaseback, debt conversion to equity and devise a revival strategy for the company.

Case overview/synopsis
The case discusses the dilemma faced by Naresh Goyal, promoter and chairman of Jet Airways (India) Limited. At the initial stage, Jet Airways, like many other companies in its growth phase, relied on borrowed funds to meet its investment needs. However, over-reliance on borrowed funds with just one equity infusion resulted in a high leverage ratio and an aggressive capital structure. Moreover, the company operated in a sector that was highly regulated, with competition that was cutthroat and a cost structure that was volatile. A high operating risk, coupled with high financial leverage, pushed the company into incurring losses. Having run out of cash, Jet Airways eventually defaulted on loan repayments to its lenders. Facing the eventuality of losing control of the company to lenders or to a strategic investor, Goyal was trying to figure out a way to save the company from insolvency and liquidation. It was becoming increasingly difficult for Goyal to keep Jet Airways, the company he had nurtured like a baby, airborne.

Complexity academic level
The case can be taught in both online and offline modes of delivery in a 90-minute session. Post-covid, the delivery mode of classes has changed. In online sessions, it may be a challenging task to ensure student participation.

Supplementary material
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.
Organisational resilience, ambidexterity and performance: the roles of information technology competencies, digital transformation policies and paradoxical leadership
Authors: Trieu Hoa D.X. , Nguyen Phuong V. , Tran Khoa Tien , Vrontis Demetris , Ahmed Zafar 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
In the current highly volatile and uncertain economic environment, recovery strategies that emphasise attributes and skills are essential for an enterprise to recover and adapt to disruptions. Based on the resource-based view (RBV), this study aims to understand how organisational resilience functions and its outcomes. Specifically, this study establishes links between organisational resilience and internal capabilities in information technology (IT) applications, exploitation-exploration activities and organisational leadership, which are represented by IT competencies, organisational ambidexterity and paradoxical leadership, respectively. The study also analyses the role of government digital transformation policies after the COVID-19 pandemic as an external resource.

Design/methodology/approach
This study provides empirical evidence of the dynamic relationships between organisational resilience, ambidexterity and performance under the interactions IT competencies, digital transformation policies and paradoxical leadership by using data collected from 336 small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Vietnam and the partial least squares-structural equation modelling technique.

Findings
IT competencies and organisational ambidexterity strengthen organisational resilience, reduce missed opportunities and increase organisations’ responsiveness to market volatility. Increasing organisational ambidexterity and resilience enhances the business performance of SMEs. Paradoxical leadership favours organisational ambidexterity and resilience and their outcomes. Digital transformation policies from the government can support SMEs’ IT competencies and resilience.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study based on the RBV is the first to show how integrating external resources with dynamic capabilities such as organisational ambidexterity and resilience can help SMEs build and maintain a sustainable competitive advantage in highly uncertain environments. This research emphasises the vital role of organisational resilience in improvising changes in working processes in response to unexpected events and the importance of a strategy for developing the capability to anticipate a wide variety of situations and seize opportunities quickly.
Whether organizational citizenship behavior is triggered by employee CSR perception and spiritual values: the moderating role of Islamic work ethics
Authors: Raza Syed Ali , Khan Komal Akram , Hakim Faiza 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe study aims to inspect the impact of employees’ perception of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and their spiritual values on their affective commitment and job satisfaction, which in turn may promote organizational citizenship behavior. Furthermore, this study examines the moderating effect of Islamic work ethics to identify whether they strengthen or weaken the proposed associations.Design/methodology/approachA survey instrument was devised to collect data from employees. The statistical analysis of the data was conducted using the Smart PLS software. Additionally, the research uses the “Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM)” technique.FindingsThe findings of the study suggest that employees’ perception of CSR exhibits a positive association with affective commitment and job satisfaction. Likewise, employees’ spiritual values demonstrate a positive and significant correlation with affective commitment and job satisfaction. Finally, the outcomes reveal that affective commitment and job satisfaction play a major role in fostering organizational citizenship behavior. Moreover, Islamic work ethics positively and significantly moderate the relationship between employee CSR perception and affective commitment and between employee CSR perception and job satisfaction.Originality/valueThis research study endeavors to fill the gaps in the current literature by investigating two crucial aspects of employees: their perception of CSR and spiritual values. Additionally, the study includes Islamic work ethics as a moderator to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how these factors contribute to fostering organizational citizenship behavior. This work highlights the significance of spiritual values and social responsibilities in employees’ lives and how Islamic work ethics shape their behavior accordingly.
Sensitivity enhancement through geometry modification of 3D printed conductive PLA-based strain sensors
Authors: S.K. Dhinesh , Kallippatti Lakshmanan Senthil Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to increasing the gauge factor, reducing the hysteresis error and improving the stability over cyclic deformations of a conductive polylactic acid (CPLA)-based 3D-printed strain sensor by modifying the sensing element geometry.

Design/methodology/approach
Five different configurations, namely, linear, serpentine, square, triangular and trapezoidal, of CPLA sensing elements are printed on the thermoplastic polyurethane substrate material individually. The resistance change ratio of the printed sensors, when loaded to a predefined percentage of the maximum strain values over multiple cycles, is recorded. Finally, the thickness of substrate and CPLA and the included angle of the triangular strain sensor are evaluated for their influences on the sensitivity.

Findings
The triangular configuration yields the least hysteresis error with high accuracy over repeated loading conditions, because of its uniform stress distribution, whereas the conventional linear configuration produces the maximum sensitivity with low accuracy. The thickness of the substrate and sensing element has more influence over the included angle, in enhancing the sensitivity of the triangular configuration. The sensitivity of the triangular configuration exceeds the linear configuration when printed at ideal sensor dimensional values.

Research limitations/implications
The 3D printing parameters are kept constant for all the configurations; rather it can be varied for improving the performance of the sensor. Furthermore, the influences of stretching rate and nozzle temperature of the sensing material are not considered in this work.

Originality/value
The sensitivity and accuracy of CPLA-based strain sensor are evaluated for modification in its geometry, and the performance metrics are enhanced using the regression modelling.