bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A modernização do campo no Cerrado e as transformações socioespaciais em Goiás
Authors: Calaça Manoel , Dias Wagner Alceu 
Published: December 2022

O potencial econômico derivado da agroindústria foi potencializado pelo processo de modernização dos meios de produção na agricultura, transformando assim a paisagem do Cerrado. A partir da década de 1980, assistimos à territorialização do capital no
Cerrado via agronegócio. Goiás foi capturado pela lógica da produção do capital devido às vantagens comparativas de suas terras. A estrutura agrária de Goiás foi conduzida pela atratividade das áreas do Cerrado, que promovem a reorganização produtiva do território. A agricultura familiar, reconhecida no passado como atividade responsável pelo abastecimento interno da população brasileira, é capturada e desarticulada pelo agronegócio. O setor agropecuário, em Goiás, é inteiramente responsável pela consolidação da infraestrutura necessária à instalação e concentração de indústrias. Embora a modernização do campo tenha promovido um expressivo desenvolvimento a Goiás, ainda há regiões que possuem grandes áreas de Cerrado em estado conservado, sendo consideradas como regiões pobres. Goiás se enuncia pela sua pujança da agropecuária, cujo desenvolvimento desigual e combinado reflete a lógica da expansão capitalista no Cerrado. O sul do Estado, articulado ao centro dinâmico do país, se industrializa e o norte se mantém como pecuarista e extrativista.
Effects of Escalating Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support in Patients With Worsening Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Isseh Iyad N. , Gorgis Sarah , Dagher Carina , Sharma Shivani , Basir Mir B. , Parikh Sachin 
Published: December 2022

Background
Cardiogenic shock–related mortality is substantial, and temporary mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices are frequently used. The authors aimed to describe patient characteristics and outcomes in patients with worsening cardiogenic shock requiring escalation of temporary MCS devices.

Methods
Worsening cardiogenic shock was defined as persistent hypotension, increasing doses of vasopressors/inotropes, worsening hypoperfusion, or worsening invasive hemo-dynamics. Escalation of temporary MCS devices was defined as adding or exchanging an existing MCS device. Variables were evaluated by logistic regression models and receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results
From July 1, 2016, to July 1, 2018, a total of 81 consecutive patients experienced worsening cardiogenic shock requiring temporary MCS escalation. The etiology of cardiogenic shock was heterogeneous (33.3% acute myocardial infarction and 61.7% decompen-sated heart failure). Younger age (<62 years), lower body mass index (<28.7 kg/m2), lower preescalation lactate levels (<3.1 mmol/L), higher postescalation blood pressure (>85 mm Hg), and lower postescalation lactate levels (<2.9 mmol/L) were associated with greater odds of survival. The presence of a pulmonary artery catheter at the time of escalation was associated with greater odds of survival (P = .05). Escalation of temporary MCS in Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions stage E shock was associated with 100% mortality (P = .05). The rate of overall survival to discharge was 32%.

Conclusion
Patients requiring temporary MCS escalation represent a high-risk cohort. Further work is needed to improve outcomes in this patient population.
The System Reconstruction and Value Reorientation of Russian Historiography in the Contemporary Era
Authors: Liu Shuang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, in the transition period with huge difficulties in social transformation and economic reform, Russian historiography also witnessed a changing process of ups and downs. This thesis analyzes the deep historical and realistic reasons for the development and change of Russian historiography. It studies and analyzes Russian historiography progressing in difficult conditions in the past 30 years, and its complex process of developing in twists and turns. The thesis points out that as Russia was freed from turmoil and recession, and determined the goal of restoration of a strong nation, historiography was changing from disorder to objectivity, with obvious features of system reconstruction and value turn-round. By summing up experience, revealing the law, focusing on the reality, and coping with challenges, historiography plays an important role in determining the choice of Russian political direction.
Attractive or repellent? How right-wing populist voters respond to figuratively framed anti-immigration rhetoric
Authors: Boeynaems Amber , Burgers Christian , A. Konijn Elly , J. Steen Gerard 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The rhetoric employed by right-wing populist parties (RWPPs) has been seen as a driver for their success. This right-wing populist (RWP) rhetoric is partly characterized by the use of anti-immigration metaphors and hyperboles, which likely appeal to voters’ grievances. We tested the persuasive impact of figuratively framed RWP rhetoric among a unique sample of Dutch RWPP voters, reporting an experiment with a 2 (metaphor: present, absent) x 2 (hyperbole: present, absent) between-subjects design. Our findings challenge prevailing ideas about how supportive voters respond to RWP rhetoric: Figurative language did not steer voters more in line with RWP ideas but pushed their opinion further away. These unexpected boomerang effects mainly held for weakly identified voters. This suggests that RWPP voters support their party, not because of but despite their rhetoric. Being heard in their grievances, rather than told what to grieve about, seems to be a main driver for RWPP support.
Emotionale Fähigkeiten
Authors: Landweer Hilge 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper outlines a philosophical approach to emotional abilities. It sets out by charting different dimensions of emotional abilities, emphasising the distinction between the ability of an agent to develop an emotional repertoire and the ability to appropriately adapt specific emotions to specific situations. The paper elucidates this latter ability by focusing on two distinct varieties of it. First, there is a more active, explicit modulation of emotions. Second, there is also an implicit mode of emotion modulation that is habitualised. This implicit mode will then be characterised more precisely by means of a phenomenological differentiation between feeling and emotion and by means of the concept of an affective position-taking (Stellungnahme) towards one’s own bodily affectedness. Only the implicit mode can appear on its own, while the explicit mode aims to be habitualised and thus to transition into the implicit mode. By means of the implicit mode, emotionally competent agents can adapt elastically to the situation. The concept of emotional change of aspect is explained by way of an example. Finally, further consequences for a philosophical approach to emotional abilities are formulated.
Selection bias and multiple inclusion criteria in observational studies
Authors: Zetterstrom Stina , Waernbaum Ingeborg 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Spurious associations between an exposure and outcome not describing the causal estimand of interest can be the result of selection of the study population. Recently, sensitivity parameters and bounds have been proposed for selection bias, along the lines of sensitivity analysis previously proposed for bias due to unmeasured confounding. The basis for the bounds is that the researcher specifies values for sensitivity parameters describing associations under additional identifying assumptions. The sensitivity parameters describe aspects of the joint distribution of the outcome, the selection and a vector of unmeasured variables, for each treatment group respectively. In practice, selection of a study population is often made on the basis of several selection criteria, thereby affecting the proposed bounds.

Methods
We extend the previously proposed bounds to give additional guidance for practitioners to construct i) the sensitivity parameters for multiple selection variables and ii) an alternative assumption free bound, producing only logically feasible values. As a motivating example we derive the bounds for causal estimands in a study of perinatal risk factors for childhood onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus where selection of the study population was made by multiple inclusion criteria. To give further guidance for practitioners, we provide a data learner in R where both the sensitivity parameters and the assumption-free bounds are implemented.

Results
The assumption-free bounds can be both smaller and larger than the previously proposed bounds and can serve as an indicator of settings when the former bounds do not produce feasible values. The motivating example shows that the assumption-free bounds may not be appropriate when the outcome or treatment is rare.

Conclusions
Bounds can provide guidance in a sensitivity analysis to assess the magnitude of selection bias. Additional knowledge is used to produce values for sensitivity parameters under multiple selection criteria. The computation of values for the sensitivity parameters is complicated by the multiple inclusion/exclusion criteria, and a data learner in R is provided to facilitate their construction. For comparison and assessment of the feasibility of the bound an assumption free bound is provided using solely underlying assumptions in the framework of potential outcomes.
Associative colour learning and discrimination in the South African Cape rock sengi Elephantulus edwardii (Macroscelidea, Afrotheria, Mammalia)
Authors: Thüs Patricia , Lunau Klaus , Wester Petra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Beside insects, sengis also consume plant material such as leaves, fruits, seeds and floral nectar. It is known that they use olfaction for foraging, but little is known about their vision and visual learning capabilities. Colour vision has been tested in two species, showing that they are likely dichromats (green- and blue-sensitive retinal cone-photoreceptors, meaning red-green colour blind). Our aim was to examine the learning and colour discrimination abilities of another species, Elephantulus edwardii. Using training procedures and choice experiments, we tested the hypotheses that the animals can associate a reward with trained colours and that they can discriminate between different colour hues. The sengis preferred the trained colours over the others, indicating associative learning. They could discriminate between all tested colours (blue, red, green, yellow). The sengis’ colour choice behaviour indicates that the animals can use also colour features to find food plant material. Additionally, learning abilities most likely are essential for the sengis’ foraging activities, for instance by associating floral or fruit shape, colour or scent with nectar or ripe fruit, to increase the efficiency to locate food sources.
The impact of institutional governance reforms on organisational culture – Two case studies from Finland and Hungary
Authors: Zsatku Bettina , Kováts Gergely 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSeveral European countries have made it possible for public universities to become foundation universities. The transformation has also involved a change in their governance model with external actors taking important decision-making positions. We believe that these changes also imply a transformation of the organisational culture of the said universities.This study examines the transformation of a Finnish and a Hungarian university into a foundation one based on documents, interviews and questionnaire surveys. We found that for both universities there is strong pressure to move towards a corporate culture, but that change is not happening without resistance at either university.
Non-cycloplegic refraction cannot replace cycloplegic refraction in primary school children.
Authors: Bjørset Cecilie Onshuus , Pedersen Hilde R. , Synstelien Gro O. , Gilson Stuart J. , Hagen Lene A. , Langaas Trine , Thorud Hanne-Mari Schiøtz , Vikesdal Gro Horgen , Baraas Rigmor C. , Svarverud Ellen 
Published: December 2022

The purpose was to assess the differences in spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) between cycloplegic autorefraction (1% cyclopentolate), non-cycloplegic autorefraction, and non-cycloplegic retinoscopy measured by experienced optometrists in a population with a high prevalence of hyperopia. Refractive error was measured with the three methods in 111 children aged 7–8 and 10–11 years. Bland-Altman analysis was used to assess the mean of the differences (MD) and the 95% limits of agreement (LoA) between cycloplegic autorefraction and the two non-cycloplegic methods. A mixed effects model was used to investigate the differences between methods by refractive group. Cycloplegic autorefraction gave a significantly more positive SER than both non-cycloplegic retinoscopy (MD = 0.47 D, LoA = -0.59–1.53 D) and non-cycloplegic autorefraction (MD = 0.92 D, LoA of -1.12 to 2.95 D). The mean differences in SER increased with increasing degree of hyperopia [F(4, 215) = 12.6, p < .001], both when comparing cycloplegic refraction with non-cycloplegic retinoscopy and non-cycloplegic autorefraction.
Non-cycloplegic retinoscopy and autorefraction result in significantly less positive SER than cycloplegic autorefraction. The wide confidence intervals for the mean difference and limits of agreement are clinically unacceptable and the methods cannot be used interchangeably. Consequently, refraction without cycloplegia would cause misdiagnosis in some children. Even if non-cycloplegic retinoscopy results in narrower limits of agreement, the risk of misdiagnosis is not eliminated by being experienced in carrying out retinoscopy. We show that it is essential to use cycloplegia when refracting children, and in particular to ensure that no hyperope goes undetected.
Грипп у детей
Authors: Editorial Article 
Published: December 2022

Георгий Несторович Сперанский (1873–1969) — один из основоположников отечественной педиатрии — был активным популяризатором медицинских знаний, его брошюры неоднократно переиздавались в СССР и за рубежом. Так, например, брошюра «О гриппе», написанная целых 62 года назад, в 1960 году, актуальна и сегодня. В ней можно найти много полезной информации о здоровье детей, профилактике и лечении гриппа и ответы на вопросы, до сих пор важные для родителей:Почему грипп, даже легко протекающий, опасен для маленького ребенка?Каковы признаки гриппа и острого катара верхних дыхательных путей?Какие бывают осложнения при гриппе и катаре верхних дыхательных путей?Какие мероприятия должны проводить родители, чтобы предупредить заболевание ребенка гриппом и катаром верхних дыхательных путей?Как закаливать ребенка раннего возраста?Необходимо ли соблюдать твердый распорядок дня ребенка?Что следует предпринять до прихода врача?
On the nature of the teleseismicPnphase observed on the ultralong-range profile “Quartz,” Russia
Authors: Morozov Igor B. , Morozova Elena A. , Smithson Scott B. , Solodilov Leonid N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe most prominent secondary phase observed in the records from the ultralong profile “Quartz” crossing northern Eurasia is the high-frequency long-range (teleseismic) Pn. This phase, propagating with the group velocity of about 8.1 to 8.2 km/sec to over 3000 km distances, dominates the records within the frequency range above about 5 Hz. Within this teleseismic Pn, we distinguish onsets of several branches having higher apparent velocities between 8.5 and 8.6 km/sec. Using travel-time modeling techniques, we associate the teleseismic Pn with whispering gallery modes traveling within the top 160 km of the mantle. The long incoherent coda of this phase results from scattering and from reverberations of seismic waves within the crust. The contrast in frequency contents between the teleseismic Pn and deeper refracted and reflected phases is explained by the increase of inelastic attenuation within the prominent low-velocity zone (LVZ) below the depth of about 150 km.
Globalny wymiar Europy — nowe zasady współpracy finansowej Unii Europejskiej z państwami sąsiedzkimi w ramach Europejskiej Polityki Sąsiedztwa
Authors: Kalicka-Mikołajczyk Adriana 
Published: December 2022

W 2018 roku Komisja Europejska przeprowadziła ocenę skutków obejmującą działania zewnętrzne w ramach działu „Globalny wymiar Europy”, zawartego w wieloletnich ramach finansowych na lata 2014–2020, koncentrując się na głównych zmianach proponowanych w zakresie działań zewnętrznych, w tym na połączeniu kilku instrumentów w jeden, ale o szerszych ramach. Na podstawie analizy stwierdzono bowiem, że większość z dotychczas funkcjonujących instrumentów finansowania zewnętrznego Unii Europejskiej można by połączyć w jeden instrument o zasięgu ogólnoświatowym. Zgodnie z tym, co odnotowała Komisja, obecna struktura instrumentów finansowania zewnętrznego była zbyt złożona. Połączenie wielu instrumentów w jeden szeroki zapewniłoby możliwość racjonalizacji ich systemów zarządzania i nadzoru, a tym samym zmniejszenie obciążenia administracyjnego nałożonego na zainteresowane strony. Wdrożenie uproszczonego systemu nadzoru umożliwiłoby również właściwym instytucjom lepsze, bardziej kompleksowe spojrzenie na wydatki zewnętrzne UE. Szeroki instrument zapewniłby bardziej kompleksowe pod względem geograficznym i tematycznym podejście, ułatwiając tym samym wdrożenie różnych polityk na poziomie transregionalnym, wielosektorowym i globalnym. Ponadto dzięki połączeniu kilku instrumentów UE mogłaby ułatwić synergię oraz podejmowanie spójnych działań, przełamując schematyczne podejścia tematyczne i geograficzne. Z tych powodów 9 września 2021 roku ustanowiony został Instrument Sąsiedztwa oraz Współpracy Międzynarodowej i Rozwojowej.
Głównym zadaniem artykułu jest przedstawienie celów, zasad i mechanizmów współpracy finansowej między Unią Europejską a państwami sąsiedzkimi w ramach Europejskiej Polityki Sąsiedztwa od 2007 roku do chwili obecnej. Pozwoli to na udzielenie odpowiedzi na pytanie dotyczące podobieństw oraz różnic występujących w jej ramach w ostatnich piętnastu latach.
SOFT FREQUENCY REUSE FOR MILIGATION OF INTERCELLULER INTEREFERENCE
Authors: Mogylevych Dmytro , Papushoi Olha 
Published: December 2022

Background. The appearance of femtocells in LTE networks has provided indoor coverage and overcome large data flows for operators. However, strong interference occurs in neighbouring femtocell users due to the limited available spectrum in cellular networks that transmit data in the same radio range. In densely deployed environments, interference issues in single-channel femtocells cause significant performance degradation. In this study, we mitigate inter-cell interference in femtocell networks by combining femtocells as a result of common interference and soft frequency reuse in downlink and uplink by moving and exchanging interfering physical blocks.
Objective. The purpose of the paper is to improve the efficiency of ensuring the quality of services in wireless networks by reducing any interference due to the distribution of traffic, which is able to provide uninterrupted connection to the user.
Methods. Enabling conditions for inter-cell interference mitigation in LTE-based femtocell networks with soft frequency reuse.
Results. Interference is a key issue in the deployment of LTE femtocells. Closely located femtocells interfere with each other if they transmit on the same frequency. Therefore, crossing femtocells and enabling them to allocate resources and reuse soft frequencies effectively reduces interference and prevents the loss of network resources. The scheme is triggered whenever the user's femto equipment experiences strong interference from neighbouring femtocells. By assigning a separate set of physical resource blocks to users at the edge of the cell, our scheme significantly reduces interference, which automatically increases cell throughput. The simulation results show the advantages of applying our scheme, in particular, the interference of the user's femto-equipment is reduced by 14% and the throughput is improved by 25%. That is, we observe a significant improvement in the performance of femtocells.
Conclusions. A femtocell crossing scheme with soft frequency reuse is presented to reduce interference between femtocells of LTE networks, which allows effectively ensuring the quality of service transmission in wireless networks by reducing interference and increasing performance through traffic distribution.
ACCURATE DETECTION OF MULTIPLE TARGETS BY UNIFORM RECTANGULAR ARRAY RADAR WITH THRESHOLD SOFT UPDATE AND AREA RESCANNING
Authors: Romanuke Vadim 
Published: December 2022

Background. If the intensity of moving targets within a surveyed area is low, an optimal number of uniform rectangular array (URA) radar sensors is in either the minimally-sized URA (or close to it) or maximally-sized URA (or close to it), where the URA size is regulated by (symmetrically) turning off vertical and horizontal sensors. However, this does not guarantee detection of any target because sometimes the threshold detection, by which the main parameters of a pair of two targets are estimated, fails even by using the soft threshold approach when the threshold is gradually decreased while the detection fails.
Objective. In order to improve detection of multiple ground-surface targets by a URA radar, the goal is to decrease a number of detection fails, when targets are just missed. For this, the approach of threshold soft update and a set of quasioptimal URA sizes included and URAs are to be used by rescanning the area if the detection fails.
Methods. To achieve the goal, the functioning of the URA radar is simulated for a set of randomly generated targets, where roughly a half of the set is to be of single targets, and the other half is to be of pairs of targets. The simulation is configured and carried out by using MATLAB® R2021b Phased Array System ToolboxTM functions based on a model of the monostatic radar.
Results. Neither the soft threshold approach, nor the rescanning increase the detection accuracy. However, when either the soft threshold or rescanning is applied, or they both are applied, the number of detections is increased. The increment can be evaluated in about 2.7 %, but the expected high-accurate detection performance slightly drops. This is caused by that the soft thresholding and rescanning attempt at retrieving at least some information about the target instead of the detection fail.
Conclusions. Using the threshold soft update approach along with a more frequent rescanning decreases a number of detection fails. Besides, the soft thresholding and rescanning allow slightly decreasing the number of URA sensors sufficient to maintain the same detection accuracy by increasing the averaged number of single-target and two-target detections at least by 2.5 %. The increment in a number of detected targets on average is equivalent to increasing the probability of detection.