bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin of CO2 in natural gas from well KPN-1 in the Northwest Tarim Basin, China
Authors: Liu Lihong , Li Qingyao , Tian Ya , Zhang Yuanyin , Liu Chengxin , Duan Ye 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In well KPN-1 located in the NW Tarim Basin, China, a significant amount of CO2 has been detected. In order to determine the source of CO2, various analyses have been conducted, including the gas composition, the ratio of radiogenic isotopes (R/Ra), the δ13C of CO2 and bulk rock. Based on the relative positive δ13C value (-0.299‰ to -2.726‰), the CO2 is unlikely organic origin. Additionally, a deep mantle origin has been ruled out, as the extremely low composition of N2 and He in the gas, along with the R/Ra ratio less than 1, does not match what would be expected from this source. The most plausible source of CO2 is likely crustal in origin. Instead, it is believed to have formed through the retrograde solution of carbonate minerals under decreasing temperature and pressure conditions. The well KPN-1 experienced subsidence tectonic movements followed by uplift, which resulted in lower temperatures and pressures, facilitating the dissolution of carbonate and the subsequent production of CO2 with a positive δ13C value. The abundant CO2 produced from this process highlight the significant role of tectonic uplift in the formation of carbonate reservoirs, which should be further investigated and given more attention in future research.
Lightweight Root Key Management Scheme in Smart Grid IoT Network based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Liu Danni , Wang Shengda , Sun Xiaofu , An Chunyan , Su Weijia , Liu Jiakang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the context of Smart Grid Internet of Things (IoT), the current key management approach in LoRa su↵ers from limitations such as low storage capacity and lack of update capability. To address these issues and ensure compatibility with existing IoT protocols, we propose a permissioned blockchain-based root key management scheme. The proposed scheme involves three automated phases - device registration, request participation, and key update facilitated through smart contracts. In the device registration phase, the device adds a block containing device information to the blockchain. In the request participation phase, the gateway verifies the request to determine the success of participation. Finally, in the key update phase, a new root key is negotiated between the device and the participant server using the key update contract. Simulation results show that compared to traditional key management schemes, this proposed scheme o↵ers higher security and shorter access time.
Rewiring of Endolysosomal Signaling with Nutrient Depletion in Cancer Cells
Authors: Taşkıran Aliye Ezgi Güleç , Hüsnügil H. Hazal , Oral Göksu , Menemenli Nazlı S. , Hampel Chuanpit , Huebner Kerstin , Erlenbach-Wuensch Katharina , Sheraj Ilir , Schneider-Stock Regine , Akyol Aytekin , Liv Nalan , Banerjee Sreeparna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose:Limited nutrient availability in the tumor microenvironment can cause rewiring of signaling and metabolic networks to confer cancer cells with survival advantages. We aimed to identify the signaling pathways that can enable cancer cells to survive under nutrient depletion and cope with cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy agents.Methods:Nutrient depletion was mediated by the depletion of glucose, L-glutamine and serum from the culture medium. Cell viability was determined with MTT and colony formation assays, tumor forming capacity with a Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and activation of nutrient sensing and endolysosomal trafficking pathways was determined with Western blot. Lysosomal abundance, localization, and trapping of chemotherapy drugs were determined with immunocytochemistry, immunoelectron microscopy and Lysotracker assay.Results:Nutrient depletion resulted in the survival of a population of cancer cells with high viability and capacity to form tumors. These cells also displayed an increase in the abundance and size of lysosomes. Moreover, lysosomes were mainly perinuclear in nutrient depleted (ND) cells; this localization was mediated by a rapid post-transcriptional increase in the endolysosomal trafficking protein Rab7a. The acidic lysosomes in ND cells could trap weakly basic drugs such as doxorubicin, mediating resistance, which could be partially reversed with bafilomycinA1. Anin vivoCAM assay indicated a remarkable decrease in Ki-67 positivity when ND cells were treated with 5-FU and bafilomycinA1 compared to ND cells treated with either agent alone.Conclusion:Nutrient depletion activates lysosomal signaling that activates multiple survival pathways in cancer.
Leniency Policy in Hub and Spoke Cartels
Authors: Rutten Rodrigo Londoño van , Vennet Nikolas Vander , Buts Caroline , Jegers Marc 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The competition literature documents that leniency programs can either destabilize or reinforce the sustainability of horizontal cartels. We contribute to this body of literature by looking at a specific type of cartels, namely hub and spoke cartels: horizontal collusions between spokes facilitated by, at least, one party operating at a different level of the supply chain, the hub. Drawing on earlier work of Van Cayseele and Miegielsen (2013) on hub and spoke cartels, and Chen and Rey’s dynamic leniency model for horizontal cartels (2013), this paper builds a model that measures the impact of leniency programs on hub and spoke cartels. We show that it is always desirable to offer some ex-ante leniency to the first-reporting hub-and-spoke cartel member to discourage cartel formation and assess the optimal leniency rate for both the hub and spokes. We then compare these results with the situation where the hub is excluded from the leniency program and argue that including the hub increases this program’s efficiency in discouraging cartel formation, suggesting that EU leniency programs (which allow the ringleader to benefit from leniency) are more effective than US ones (which do not).
The effects of bilateral and unilateral training on leg press strength and vertical jump height
Authors: Rebold Michael J. Rebold Michael J. , Kobak Mallory S. Kobak Mallory S. , Muirhead William Muirhead William , Bailey Logan Bailey Logan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

PURPOSE:This investigation assessed the effects of bilateral and unilateral strength training on strength and power development, as measured by 3-repetition maximum and vertical jump tests, respectively.METHODS:Fourteen college-aged participants were randomized into either bilateral or unilateral training conditions. The participants engaged in biweekly strength training sessions for a period of four weeks, with strength and power pre- and post-testing in the weeks immediately before and after the training protocol, respectively. RESULTS: There was no significant (F = 0.98,p= 0.33) main effect of condition for vertical jump height. There was no significant (F = 2.48,p= 0.13) main effect of condition for 1RM bilateral strength. There was no significant (F = 1.86,p= 0.19) main effect of condition for 1RM unilateral strength between both right and left legs.CONCLUSION: While our investigation yielded no significant results, there may be reason to further investigate this area of research, due to professionals wanting to develop weight training protocols for the athletic and/or injured populations to facilitate greater improvements in performance and/or quicker recovery from injuries.
A Dynamic Programming Approach for the Game of Corruption with Non-Trial Resolutions: The Brazilian Example
Authors: Chacha Lucas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sanction reduction policies for self-reporters and collaborators may be effective in deterring collusive corruption. In order to test this hypothesis, this paper builds a theoretical model that solves the game of corruption with and without sanction reduction policies, using a dynamic programming setting to find equilibrium strategies. Results show that these policies may effectively deter bribery. Additionally, it provides a way to measure policy effectiveness over non-observable corruption crimes by utilizing the number of corruption crimes. The model predicts that a successful anti-corruption policy shock will lead to an increase in corruption detections, even if the probability of detection remains unchanged. The paper tests the introduction of the Brazilian anti-corruption policy of 2013, finding significant signs of immediate anti-corruption shock and evidence of further deterrence.
A voltage-based Event-Timing-Dependent Plasticity rule accounts for LTP subthreshold and suprathreshold for dendritic spikes in CA1 pyramidal neurons
Authors: Tomko Matus , Benuskova Lubica , Jedlicka Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
It is widely accepted that long-term potentiation (LTP) is a synaptic mechanism involved in learning and memory. Experiments have shown that dendritic sodium spikes (Na-dSpikes) are required for LTP in the distal apical dendrites of CA1 pyramidal cells. On the other hand, LTP in perisomatic dendrites can be induced by synaptic input patterns that can be both subthreshold and suprathreshold for Na-dSpikes. It is unclear whether these results can be explained by one unifying plasticity mechanism. Here, we show in biophysically and morphologically realistic compartmental models of the CA1 pyramidal cell that these forms of LTP can be fully accounted for by a simple plasticity rule. We call it the voltage-based Event-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (ETDP) rule. The presynaptic event is the presynaptic spike or release of glutamate. The postsynaptic event is the local depolarization that exceeds a certain plasticity threshold. Our model reproduced the experimentally observed LTP in a variety of protocols, including local pharmacological inhibition of dendritic spikes by tetrodotoxin (TTX). In summary, we have provided a validation of the voltage-based ETDP, suggesting that this simple plasticity rule can be used to model even complex spatiotemporal patterns of long-term synaptic plasticity in neuronal dendrites.
No effect of integrated hepatitis C virus treatment on psychological distress in people with substance use disorders: results from a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Aas Christer Frode , Vold Jørn Henrik , Chalabianloo Fatemeh , Løberg Else-Marie , Lim Aaron G. , Vickerman Peter , Johansson Kjell Arne , Fadnes Lars Thore 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
People with substance use disorders (SUD) have high prevalence of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and mental health disorders. We aimed to assess the impact of integrated HCV treatment on psychological distress measured by Hopkins-symptom-checklist-10 (SCL-10).
Methods
This multi-center randomized controlled trial evaluated psychological distress as secondary outcomes of integrated HCV treatment (INTRO-HCV trial). From 2017 to 2019, 289 participants were randomly assigned to receive either integrated or standard HCV treatment with direct-acting antiviral therapy. Integrated HCV treatment was delivered in eight decentralized outpatient opioid agonist therapy clinics and two community care centers; standard treatment was delivered in internal medicine outpatient clinics at centralized hospitals. Participants in integrated treatment arm had a sustained virologic response of 93% compared to 73% for those in standard treatment arm. Psychological distress was assessed using SCL-10 prior to initiation of HCV treatment and 12 weeks after treatment completion. A linear mixed model was applied to evaluate the impact of integrated HCV treatment on changes in the mean SCL-10 (ΔSCL-10) score.
Results
The mean SCL-10 score prior to HCV treatment was 2.2 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.7) for patients receiving integrated HCV treatment and 2.1 (SD: 0.7) for those receiving standard HCV treatment. Twelve weeks after the end of treatment, the mean SCL-10 score was 2.2 (SD: 0.8) for participants receiving integrated HCV treatment and 2.1 (SD: 0.7) for those receiving standard HCV treatment.
Conclusions
Psychological distress did not substantially change during the treatment period and was not significantly different between the treatment arms.
Clinical observation of hypofibrinogenemia induced by the treatment of tocilizumab in rheumatic diseases and exploration of risk factor for hypofibrinogenemia
Authors: An Qi , Ma Rulan , Yuan Dawei , Huang Jing , Luo Jing , Wang Yanhua , Pan Ying , Wang Pei , Lv Xiaohong , Pu Dan , He Lan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The objective of this study was to analyze the changes in plasma fibrinogen (FIB) levels during tocilizumab (TCZ) treatment in patients with rheumatic diseases, to clarify the incidence of hypofibrinogenemia and its possible risk factors, and establish a nomogram model for predicting the probability of hypofibrinogenemia in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with TCZ.
Methods
Clinical data of patients treated with TCZ at the department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2014 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed to observe the incidence of hypofibrinogenemia in several rheumatic diseases at different time points. The risk factor of hypofibrinogenemia in RA patients treated with TCZ was determined by using Cox regression analysis. Based on the results of Cox regression analysis, a nomogram for predicting the probability of hypofibrinogenemia in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with TCZ was established and validated through RStudio software.
Results
A total of 83 TCZ-treated patients were enrolled in this study, and 32 (38.55%) patients developed hypofibrinogenemia during TCZ treatment. There were 8 males and 24 females in the FIB-reduced group, with an average age of 38.25 ± 16.92 years. Hypofibrinogenemia was most common in TCZ-treated patients with takayasu arteritis (TA) and RA. Hypofibrinogenemia typically occurs within 3 months after TCZ treatment. In RA patients treated with TCZ, platelet distribution width, parathyroid hormone, bone mineral density, tender joint count, and swollen joint count were independent risk factors for the occurrence of hypofibrinogenemia. The nomogram based on the above risk factors could effectively predict the probability of hypofibrinogenemia in RA patients receiving TCZ.
Conclusion
Although bleeding symptoms were not observed in this study, the incidence of hypofibrinogenemia remained high after TCZ treatment, usually occurring within 3 months of treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor FIB levels during TCZ treatment. In addition, clinicians can use the nomogram model developed from this study to predict the incidence of hypofibrinogenemia after TCZ treatment in RA patients.
WNT6 affects the prognosis of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia through regulation of Wnt signaling pathway activity
Authors: Zhang Yu , Lu Nadan , Li Yuanfang , Chen Yuge , Li Biyun , Wang Dao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with a dismal prognosis, underscoring the urgent need to identify potential biomarkers that can aid in the management of pediatric AML patients.
Methods The adult AML dataset GSE201492 was partitioned into distinct prognostic groups following the identification of key genes through the screening of differentially expressed genes, enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis. Subsequently, these key genes were validated in the pediatric AML dataset obtained from the TARGET database, as well as in the data of pediatric AML patients diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Finally, the association between WNT6 and the Wnt signaling pathway was investigated using the AML drug resistance dataset (GSE214158) and the WNT6 knockout dataset (GSE160039).
Results Through the analysis of different prognostic groups in adult AML, researchers identified five key genes. The results from the TARGET database and clinical samples showed that pediatric AML patients with low expression of the gene WNT6 had better overall survival. In a dataset where WNT6 was knocked down, there was a significant decrease in the Wnt signaling pathway score. In another dataset about AML resistance, there was a statistically significant difference in Wnt signaling pathway scores, with the UTX knockout group having lower scores.
Conclusion The upregulation of WNT6 has been recognized as a predictive factor for adverse prognoses in pediatric AML. Additionally, it contributes to the emergence of drug resistance in AML by modulating the functionality of the Wnt signaling pathway.
Abnormal arginine synthesis confers worse prognosis in patients with middle third gastric cancer
Authors: Hong Lianlian , Tang Xi , Han Jing , Wang Jiaqi , Xu Qianqian , Zhu Xin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer at different locations has distinct prognoses and biological behaviors, but the specific mechanism is unclear.
Methods: Non-targeted metabolomics was performed to examine the differential metabolite phenotypes that may be associated with the effects of tumor location on the prognosis of gastric cancer. And silencing of the rate-limiting enzyme to evaluate the effect of abnormal changes in metabolic pathway on the functional biological assaysof gastric cancer cells HGC-27 and MKN28.
Results: In a retrospective study of 94 gastric cancer patients, the average survival time of patients with gastric cancer in the middle third of the stomach was significantly lower than that of patients with gastric cancer in other locations (p< 0.05). The middle third location was also found to be an independent risk factor for poor prognosis (HR = 2.723, 95%CI 1.334-5.520), which was closely associated with larger tumors in this location.
Non-targeted metabolomic analysis showed that the differential metabolites affected 16 signaling pathways including arginine synthesis, retrograde endocannabinoid signaling, arginine biosynthesis, and alanine and aspartate and glutamate metabolism between gastric cancer and normal tissue, as well as between tumors located in the middle third of the stomach and other locations. Argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1), the rate-limiting enzyme of the arginine biosynthesis pathway, catalyzes the production of argininosuccinic acid. Here, knockdown of ASS1 significantly inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, and migration/invasion of gastric cancer cells, and promoted apoptosis.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that abnormal arginine synthesis may lead to larger tumor size and worse prognosis in gastric cancer located in the middle third position of the stomach. These findings may provide the basis for the stratification and targeted treatment of gastric cancer in different locations.
Mitophagy defects exacerbate inflammation and aberrant proliferation in lymphocytic thyroiditis
Authors: Lee Han Sai , Lee Jinju , An Hyun-Ju , Sung Min-Ji , Heo Jin-Hyung , Lee So-Young , Song Young Shin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Mitochondrial dysfunction of the thyroid due to defective mitophagy has been observed in lymphocytic thyroiditis (LT). However, the effect of impaired mitophagy on the pathogenesis of LT has not been elucidated.
Results
We investigated the molecular pathological effect of mitophagy defects in thyroid glands through bioinformatics and histological approach using human and mouse thyroids and human thyroid cells. In this current study, it is showed that PINK1, a key regulator of mitophagy, is compromised in human thyroids with LT, and inflammatory responses and nodular hyperplasia are induced in the thyroids of PINK1-deficient mice. We found that mitophagy defects trigger pro-inflammatory cytokine production in thyroid cells and immune cell recruitment. Additionally, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species-driven hypoxia depletes CREB, a transcriptional repressor of amphiregulin (AREG), resulting in aberrant thyroid cell proliferation by AREG-mediated epidermal growth factor receptor signaling activation.
Conclusions
This signaling pathway could be a potential therapeutic target for thyroid goitrous changes in patients with LT. Our findings reveal the mitophagy defects in the thyroid that may be involved in LT pathogenesis and progression.
Nutritional Status and Key Factors Among Vagrants at Government Shelter Home Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: MOHAMMAD SHAHIDUL ISLAM , Sarker NasirUddin , huda A.F.M Shahedul , Khatun Taslima 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds: Nutritional status and others related determinants among vagrants areimportantissuesevenindevelopingcountrieslikeBangladesh.
Aim:Exploring the current situation it terms of magnitude of people would be a good resource for the policy makers in considering the malnutrition, health care and other supports for the shelter less population.
Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study was done. A total of 106 vagabonds form government shelter home were included. The nutritional statuses of the respondents were assessed using measured BMI and dietary pattern was assessed by the 24-hour recall method. The data were processed to undergo statistical analysis using SPSS 23 windows program.
Results: The overall mean age of of the respondents 35.3±9.86 years and 42(39.7%) were in 18-20 years age group and 62% were female. About 62% were correcntly married and 22% were single life lead. Less than half (47.1%) of the respondents non-educated, on the other hand 40(37.7%) of the respondents were primary level educated. 22.6% vagrants were abandoned by their family due to certain problems.Association of age group with BMI mostrespondents were in underweight that gain highly significance where (p=0.0001), there hadno association was found between educational status and BMI except non-educated (p=0.025). Most respondents were significant Hand washing before eating,daily bath taken and Suffering from disease Last 1 month with nutritional status where (p=0.020), (p=0.010) and (p=0.0001)
Conclusion: Special attention to be given for improving vagabonds care, Attention to improve service quality with special attention to identified areas (balanced diet, treatmentetc.).
The association between inflammatory potential of diet and newly diagnosed hypothyroidism among Isfahan adults: A case-control study
Authors: Shakeri Mahboobeh , Zamani Behzad , Taherinia Sorour , Feizi Awat , Aminorroaya Ashraf , Amini Masoud , Farahmand Fariba , Abyar Majid 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: The effective role of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) on the risk of endocrine disorders has been known. The aim of the current study was to assess the possible association between DII and hypothyroidism.
Methods: This is a case-control study that recruited 360 participants (case: 120/ control: 240). A validated 148-item food frequency questionnaire was used to determine the dietary intake of participants. Hypothyroidism was assessed by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which its Serum concentration was measured by immunoradiometric assay. Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) scores were calculated based on 30 food and nutrient components. The association of the inflammatory potential of diet with the risk of developing hypothyroidism was analyzed by logistic regression in different models.
Results: People with hypothyroidism had higher DII scores (more pro-inflammatory diet) compared to the control group (0.72± 1.16 vs. -0.56± 1.29; p< 0.001). A higher intake of the pro-inflammatory diet (DII > 0.34) was associated with a higher risk of developing hypothyroidism (Adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 6.90; 95% CI (confidence interval) = 2.66–17.86) compared to the anti-inflammatory diet intake, as referent category (DII < -0.83). This positive association was also observed when DII was considered a continuous variable (Adjusted OR = 1.61; 95% CI = 1.24–2.10).
Conclusion: There is a possible link between the inflammatory potential of diet and the development of hypothyroidism, as subjects with a higher intake of pro-inflammatory diet (higher DII scores) were at higher odds of hypothyroidism.