bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A brief discussion about an eco-epidemiological model in pollutedenvironment with delay effect
Authors: Das Debashis , Chakraborty Sarbani , Ghosh Uttam 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this manuscript, an ecological model is formulated with toxicant haphazardness and gestational delay. The positivity and boundedness of all solutions of the proposed system are established with respect to model parameters. We calculate all possible equilibrium points and derive their stability conditions. Also discuss the effect of gestation delay on stability of different equilibrium points. The system experiences transcritical bifurcation in absence of delay and Hopf-bifurcation in both situations. Numerically we have justified all the theoretical results and found complex dynamical behavior with respect to delay parameters. Also investigate the combined effect of prey handling time \& gestation delay, toxicant wash out rate \& gestation delay, toxicant input rate \& gestation delay and toxicant accommodation delay \& gestation delay. We arrive the conclusion from numerical results that the prey handling time plays the role of chaos control parameter.
Assessment of the natural prevalence of Bacillus isolates on faba bean (V.faba L) leaves and identification of the potential Antagonistic species for the management of Ascochyta blight in Northwestern Ethiopia.
Authors: Tessema Habtu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background The genera of Bacilli are well-studied as a biocontrol agent of several plant disease pathogens under in vitro study. However the antagonistic potential of Bacillus spp. for the control of faba bean Aschochyta blight disease both in greenhouse and field studies have not yet been reported in Northwestern Ethiopia.
Result The purpose of this study was to assess the natural prevalence of Bacillusisolates on faba bean leaves and identify the potential biocontrol species for the management of Ascochyta blight in Northwestern Ethiopia. The isolates of Bacillus were tested for their antagonistic potential against A.fabae isolates by using dual culture and bioassay techniques. Twenty seven distinct bacillus isolates predominantly occurred on faba bean leaves in Northwestern Ethiopia. B1H isolate is identified as Bacillus megaterium (MT122820.1:6-273) and B2H isolate is identified as Bacillus megaterium var. aryabhattai (KU161300.1:6-363). Bacillus megaterium spp. was constantly much more prevalent (62.96%) than Bacillus megaterium var. aryabhattai spp. (37.04%). Isolates that had moderate and high growth rate on dual growth media had the highest range of efficacy (40.2% to 48.7%) and the highest range (5mm-9mm) of mycelium lysis of A.fabae isolates in the detached leaf assay. Most of the bacillus isolates highly restricted the severity of A.blight on EH00102-4-1 variety and moderately contained on local susceptible check.
Conclusion Thus Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus megaterium var.aryabhattai species showed promising antagonistic potential against A.blight severity under dual culture test and detached leaf assay. However further study should be conducted on their rhizospheric association and their plant growth-promoting properties under field condition in Northwester Ethiopia.
An Extension of Arakeljan's Theorem
Authors: Pasias Spyros 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Arakeljan's Theorem provides conditions on a relatively closed subset $F$ of a domain $G\subset\mathbb{C}$, such that any continuous function $f:F\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$ that is analytic in $F^\circ$, can be approximated by analytic functions defined on $G$. In this paper we will extend Arakeljan's theorem by adding the extra requirement that the analytic functions that approximate $f$ may also be chosen to be bounded on a closed set $C\subset G.$ In \cite{RU} the same problem has been considered but for the specific case that $G=\mathbb{C}$.
In this paper we will extend the result in \cite{RU} and show that is true for an arbitrary $G$, provided that the union $F\cup C$ is nice enough in $G$. Additionally, we will show that the result holds always true when $G$ is simply connected.
A health risk model for rural households based on the distribution of multi pollutants
Authors: Rathnamala G. V. , Shivashankara G. P. , Ashwini R. M. , Rashmi H. R. , Bhowmik Basuraj 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Rapid consumerism and improper waste disposal create widespread environmental degradation through the air, water sources and landfills in India's rural areas. This work develops a health risk prediction model to score villages based on quantitative and qualitative factors. Quantitative observations regarding pollutant levels and qualitative responses are collected from various households. that are risk labelled against WHO standards. The health risk model is designed to correlate the qualitative factors. A total of 2,370 rural households spread across three districts of Karnataka were selected. The study found that the health risk score predicted by the model has a higher significant correlation (0.8) to various existing pollutant factors. The study found that source of drinking water (0.87), quality of drinking water (0.81), drainage canal availability (0.72), type of drainage (0.73), stagnant water (0.71), toilet availability (0.83), maintenance frequency (0.83), cooking fuel type (0.77), cigarette use (0.71), garbage piles up (0.73) and the percentage composition of wastes (0.74) was found to have a higher positive correlation to the health of rural households. The villages with higher health risks can be identified, and suitable mitigation plans can be designed to mitigate the health risk by state authorities.
Applications of Exosome Vesicles in Different Cancer Types as
Biomarkers
Authors: Ihlamur Murat , Kelleci Kübra , Zengin Yağmur , Allahverdiyev Adil M. , Abamor Emrah Şefik 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
One of the biggest challenges in the fight against cancer is early detection.
Early diagnosis is vital, but there are some barriers such as economic, cultural, and
personal factors. Considering the disadvantages of radiological imaging techniques or
serological analysis methods used in cancer diagnosis, such as being expensive, requiring
expertise, and being time-consuming, there is a need to develop faster, more
reliable, and cost-effective diagnostic methods for use in cancer diagnosis.

:
Exosomes, which are responsible for intercellular communication with sizes ranging
from 30-120 nm, are naturally produced biological nanoparticles. Thanks to the cargo
contents they carry, they are a potential biomarker to be used in the diagnosis of cancer.
Exosomes, defined as extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, are effective in
cancer growth, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance, and changes in microenvironmental
conditions during tumor development change exosome secretion. Due
to their high cellular activity, tumor cells produce much higher exosomes than healthy
cells. Therefore, it is known that the number of exosomes in body fluids is significantly
rich compared to other cells and can act as a stand-alone diagnostic biomarker. Cancer-
derived exosomes have received great attention in recent years for the early detection
of cancer and the evaluation of therapeutic response.

:
In this article, the content, properties, and differences of exosomes detected in common
types of cancer (lung, liver, pancreas, ovaries, breast, colorectal), which are the
leading causes of cancer-related deaths, are reviewed. We also discuss the potential
utility of exosome contents as a biomarker for early detection, which is known to be
important in targeted cancer therapy.
Validation of the T-47D Cell Culture Bioassay for the Potency Assessment
of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A
Authors: Xavier Bruna , Perobelli Dumoncel Rafaela Ferreira , Cardoso Clóvis Dervil Appratto , da Silva Francielle Santos , Dalmora Sérgio Luiz 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are among the most potent toxins
known and are also used for therapeutic and aesthetic applications.

Objective:
An alternative in vitro cell culture bioassay based on the induction of apoptosis on T-
47D breast cancer cells, after exposure to BoNTA, was developed and validated.

Methods:
The T-47D cells (ATCC HTB-133) were seeded at a density of 3 × 105 cells mL-1, and
the bioassay was performed with doses of BoNTA, between 3 and 81 U mL-1. The responses
were assessed using 10 μL of Alamar Blue®. The absorbances were read at 570 and 600 nm.

Results:
The results were compared with those of the in vivo LD50 mouse bioassay, showing a
non-significant 1.08% higher, mean difference of the estimated potencies (p>0.05). Besides, the
biopharmaceutics is analyzed by the size exclusion and reversed-phase liquid chromatography
methods, showing a significant correlation with values 1.15% higher and 0.85% lower, respectively,
related to the cell culture bioassay.

Conclusion:
It is concluded that the validated T-47D cell culture assay represents an advancement
toward the establishment of an alternative approach for the potency assessment, in the context
of the 3 Rs. Besides, the employment of chromatographic methods in conjunction with the
bioassays contributes to assessing the quality attributes of the biopharmaceutical formulations of
BoNTA.
A Snapshot on Polymeric Micelles as a Carrier for Drug Delivery
Authors: Agrawal Rutvi , Chauhan Chetan Singh , Garg Akash 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Micellization is the process of formation of micelles using different polymers mainly plu-ronic (F127, F123, etc.). Polymers are used to formulate polymeric micelles that provide physical and chemical stability of drugs that are encapsulated into them. Moreover, the drugs are encapsulat-ed in the core portion (hydrophobic inner) of micelles and another portion is the shell portion (hy-drophilic outer) which provides hydrophilicity to the hydrophobic drug. Delivery of hydrophobic drugs by micelles is easy and preferred due to the nano size structure, well association, low toxicity, biocompatible, well core structure, and a high stability. Several methods of preparation of micelles such as - thin film hydration, solvent evaporation, dialysis, and direct dissolution are discussed here. Micelles formulations in pharmaceutical industries are preferred because they enhance the solubility and bioavailability of drugs of BCS class II and IV. This review focuses on various strategies to overcome the problems related to poor aqueous solubility and bioavailability of drugs, micellar sol-ubilization, and application of micelles for various drug delivery. It also includes future considera-tions for the development of various polymeric micelles-based drug formulations.
CRISPR/Cas9 Technology for Non-Coding Gene Editing in
Schizophrenia Therapeutics: The Recent Progress And Challenges
Authors: Mittal Khushi Raj , Jain Nandini Kumar , Mittal Swati , Jain Chakresh Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Within a decade the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
(CRISPR/Cas9 system), an advanced gene-editing technology became one of the celebrated
approaches in modern disease therapeutics and was reported to have a potential role in the alteration
of non-coding RNAs segment which are the pivotal causes behind the several mental
disorder such as Schizophrenia. In general, Schizophrenia is referred as a neurodevelopmental
disorder and symptomatically exhibited by social deficit, cognitive dysfunction, apathy, delusions,
hallucinations, etc. At a genomics level large number of loci are susceptible for genetic
alteration in schizophrenia and are mostly located in the genome’s non-coding region. With the
growing variants and mutations in ncRNA genes (miRNA and lncRNA) strongly associated
with schizophrenia, the need to develop a genetic tool to help with the treatment and study of
schizophrenia increases. Recently the use of CRISPR/cas9 technology in the productive alteration
of non-coding RNAs genes such as miRNA; miR-291, miR-141, and miR-21, lncRNA,
lncRNA-21A, AK023948, and LncRNA Rian has been reported. The Cas9 protein and guide
RNA (gRNA) together form the CRISPR/Cas9 system is known to be highly specific and efficient
for manipulating the impact of gene mutations linked to genomic DNA like ncRNA besides
other inheritable genetic diseases. Copy number variations are also found to be linked
with schizophrenia. The generation of reciprocal CNVs of 15q13.3 and 16p11.2 in humaninduced
pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) with the CRISPR/Cas 9 system has opened new possibilities.
Still, there are some limitations and challenges yet to be defeated, like the blood-brain
barrier poses an obstacle to treating mental disorders and ethical issues like genomic DNA manipulation
of eggs and embryos. This review brings schizophrenia-associated ncRNAs and
CRISPR gene-editing technology for the non-coding parts of the genomic DNA together and
recent challenges.
Otolaryngology Implants Usage and their Material Adverse Event Profile - A Narrative Review
Authors: Sudha T.Y. Sree , Sasanka K.S.B.S Krishna , Singh Harminder , Varshney Saurabh , Thangaraju Pugazhenthan , Timiri Shanmugam Prakash Srinivasan 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:The objective of this study is to review various biomaterials or implants used in ENT and their adverse effects on events that were noticed from the initial days to the present era.Methods:Relevant articles were searched from the databases. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google were used to search for the data.Results:Cochlear implant (CI) adequacy depends on biocompatibility, anti-inflammatory treatment, and reduction of fibrosis. Silicone is used in the otologic field, and its allergy is a rare cause of CI extrusion. Nitinol pistons are used in stapedotomy, and polyethylene (Teflon) grafts are used in partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) or total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP). Their complications include graft extrusion and residual perforation. Chronic sphenoid sinusitis is associated with Medpor porous polyethylene implants used for sellar reconstruction in skull-based surgeries. In vocal cord paralysis, injectable collagen preparations form submucosal deposits and dysphonia. Montgomery T-tubes are used in subglottic stenosis, and they produce granulation tissue. Metallic tracheostomy tubes cause the formation of secondary foreign bodies, and biofilms appear in double-lumen tracheostomy tubes.Conclusion:Even though several research studies have been carried out, still a modification of implant design is needed to minimize the complications and to further promote the quality of life of patients.
Current Trends and Challenges in Explosives Detection using Nanotechnology
Authors: Sharma Rama 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
This article highlights the applications of nanotechnology in the detection
of explosives.

Evidence acquisition:
The increasing rise in terrorist acts throughout the globe has brought attention
to the significance of locating hidden bombs and motivated new propelled breakthroughs
to ensure public safety. Recognizing explosives and closely related-threatening combinations has
already risen to the top of the priority list for contemporary national security and counterterrorism
applications. Sensors based on nanotechnology have a fair probability of fulfilling all the criteria
needed to be a practical solution for explosive trace detection.

Results:
Nanowire/nanotube, nanomechanical devices, and electronic noses are three nanosensor
technologies that have the most potential to develop into commercially viable technology platforms
for the detection of trace explosives. Certain functionalized nanoparticles can exhibit different
behaviors as a result of unique interactions with nitroaromatics. Semiconducting singlewalled
carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) have been used as wearable chemical sensors.

Conclusion:
In this paper, the potential of nanosensors has been exposed that can be used to
build a sensor system with high selectivity and sensitivity and appropriate platforms for signal
transduction for the detection of explosives.
Predicting Participation Willingness in Ecological Momentary Assessment of General Population Health and Behavior: Machine Learning Study
Authors: Murray Aja , Ushakova Anastasia , Zhu Xinxin , Yang Yi , Xiao Zhuoni , Brown Ruth , Speyer Lydia , Ribeaud Denis , Eisner Manuel 
Published: March 2023

Background
Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is widely used in health research to capture individuals’ experiences in the flow of daily life. The majority of EMA studies, however, rely on nonprobability sampling approaches, leaving open the possibility of nonrandom participation concerning the individual characteristics of interest in EMA research. Knowledge of the factors that predict participation in EMA research is required to evaluate this possibility and can also inform optimal recruitment strategies.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the extent to which being willing to participate in EMA research is related to respondent characteristics and to identify the most critical predictors of participation.

Methods
We leveraged the availability of comprehensive data on a general young adult population pool of potential EMA participants and used and compared logistic regression, classification and regression trees, and random forest approaches to evaluate respondents’ characteristic predictors of willingness to participate in the Decades-to-Minutes EMA study.

Results
In unadjusted logistic regression models, gender, migration background, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms, stress, and prosociality were significant predictors of participation willingness; in logistic regression models, mutually adjusting for all predictors, migration background, tobacco use, and social exclusion were significant predictors. Tree-based approaches also identified migration status, tobacco use, and prosociality as prominent predictors. However, overall, willingness to participate in the Decades-to-Minutes EMA study was only weakly predictable from respondent characteristics. Cross-validation areas under the curve for the best models were only in the range of 0.56 to 0.57.

Conclusions
Results suggest that migration background is the single most promising target for improving EMA participation and sample representativeness; however, more research is needed to improve prediction of participation in EMA studies in health.
Resonance states in the simple schematic two-body model
Authors: D Dolzodmaa , G Khuukhenkhuu , K Kato , S Davaa , A Sarsembayeva , M Odsuren 
Published: March 2023

The aim of this work is to obtain resonance states in the simple schematic two-body model. We take up two-body systems, which are described by Schrodinger equation. To obtain resonance states, we apply a simple schematic potential and complex scaling method (CSM). In the CSM, the resonance wave functions are obtained as eigenstates together with bound states by carrying out the diagonalization of the complex scaled Hamiltonian. By finding eigenvalues, we can show the distribution of resonance states in the complex energy plane. As a result, we obtain 5 and 4 resonance states for õp = 0+, 1" states, respectively.
T1, T2 and T2* relaxations in MRI based on Gd5Si4 nanoparticles of varying sizes
Authors: Hunagund S , Rosenberg J , Harstad S M , Gupta S , Pecharsky V , El-Gendy A A , Hadimani R L 
Published: March 2023

Our previous study has shown that ferromagnetic gadolinium silicide
(Gd5Si4) nanoparticles (NP) could be potentially efficient T2 CA for MRI
with significantly reduced echo time (TE) compared to Superparamagnetic
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPION) [1]. T2 CA are defined by their
relaxivity, r2, which is dependent on both the saturation magnetization
(Ms) and size of the NPs [1,2,4]. In this study, effect of Gd5Si4
NPs of varying sizes and concentrations are investigated on T1, T2 and
T2* (effective/observed T2) relaxations times. Gd5Si4 NPs categorized
into three fractions (named S1, S2 and S3) based on average sizes of 586
nm, 287 nm and 135 nm respectively as analyzed from SEM images (Fig. 1).
XRD analysis on the combined samples shows that Gd5Si4 is the major
phase while GdSi and Gd5Si3 are present as the minor phases in all
fractions (Fig. 1). Magnetic properties measured in VSM reveal that the
Curie temperature (Tc) decreases for Gd5Si4 phase from 312 K for S1 to
304 K for S2 and is undetectable in S3. The M-H curves at 300 K exhibits
ferromagnetic behavior descending to paramagnetic as we move from S1 to
S3 fraction (Fig. 1). MR data were acquired on the 21.1 T (900 MHz)
magnet. The results shown in Table 1 indicate that higher concentrations
of NPs shorten the T2 and T2* relaxation times and the contrast
disappears rapidly at higher dilutions. The S2 fraction at 1/20 dilution
shows notably shortened T1 and T2 relaxation times compared to the other
two fractions. Although S1 has higher Gd5Si4 phase volume fraction and
larger average particle size compared to S2, further investigation is
needed inorder to establish the reason for shortened relaxation times
compared to the S1 fraction.

Acknowledgements Work at the Ames Lab was supported by DOE
(contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11358). Work at VCU was partially funded by
NSF, Award No.: 1610967. Work performed at the NHMFL is supported by the
State of Florida and the NSF (agreement No. DMR-1157490).
This paper was presented at the ICM 2018, San Francisco.
Identification of Fungus Causing Onychomycosis in Chicken Meat Traders in Traditional Markets
Authors: Mayumi Ni Kadek Sintya , Habibah Nur , Suyasa I Nyoman Gede 
Published: March 2023

Onychomycosis is an infection of the nails caused by dermatophyte, non-dermatophyte, and yeast. Infection is characterized by discoloration of the nails and thickening of the nail plate. The proliferation of fungi can occur in jobs that are often in direct contact with dirty, damp and wet work sites such as chicken meat traders. Because chicken traders make direct contact with chicken meat which causes the hands and nails of traders to become wet and moist. The purpose of this study was to identify the pathogenic fungi that cause onychomycosis on the fingernails of chicken meat traders at traditional market in Batubulan Village. Identification was carried out by the culture on Saboraoud Dextrose Agar (SDA) media and followed by microscopic examination of the growing fungal colonies with Lactophenol Cotton Blue staining. The results of this examination were that all samples were grown on Saboraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) media. The dermatophyte group was identified as many as 17 and the Yeast group was identified as many as 14. Most of the fungi identified on the fingernails of chicken butchers were non-dermatophytes, 22 of which were Aspergillus sp.
PENGARUH AMONIASI DENGAN LEVEL UREA YANG BERBEDA PADA KULIT SINGKONG TERHADAP KADAR AIR, ABU, PROTEIN KASAR DAN SERAT KASAR
Authors: Setiawati Rona , Fathul Farida , Erwanto Erwanto , Sutrisna Rudy 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh amoniasi dengan level urea yang berbeda pada kulit singkong terhadap kadar air, abu, protein kasar dan serat kasar.
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada April–Juni 2021 bertempat di Laboratorium Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak, Jurusan Peternakan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Parameter yang diukur adalah kadar air, abu, protein kasar, dan serat kasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu limbah kulit singkong tanpa urea (P0), limbah kulit singkong dengan 1,5% urea (P1), limbah kulit singkong dengan 3% urea (P2), limbah kulit singkong dengan 4,5% urea (P3). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis statatistik dengan menggunakan Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) dengan uji lanjut polynomial orthogonal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh amoniasi dengan level urea yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap kadar air, abu, protein kasar dan serat kasar.