bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cargo adapters expand the transport range of intraflagellar transport
Authors: Lechtreck Karl 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
The assembly and maintenance of most cilia and eukaryotic flagella depends on intraflagellar transport (IFT), the bidirectional movement of multi-megadalton IFT trains along the axonemal microtubules. These IFT trains function as carriers, moving ciliary proteins between the cell body and the organelle. Whereas tubulin, the principal protein of cilia, binds directly to IFT particle proteins, the transport of other ciliary proteins and complexes requires adapters that link them to the trains. Large axonemal substructures, such as radial spokes, outer dynein arms and inner dynein arms, assemble in the cell body before attaching to IFT trains, using the adapters ARMC2, ODA16 and IDA3, respectively. Ciliary import of several membrane proteins involves the putative adapter tubby-like protein 3 (TULP3), whereas membrane protein export involves the BBSome, an octameric complex that co-migrates with IFT particles. Thus, cells employ a variety of adapters, each of which is substoichiometric to the core IFT machinery, to expand the cargo range of the IFT trains. This Review summarizes the individual and shared features of the known cargo adapters and discusses their possible role in regulating the transport capacity of the IFT pathway.
Occupational and patient doses for interventional radiology integrated into a dose management system
Authors: Vano Eliseo , Fernandez-Soto José M , Ten José I , Sanchez Casanueva Roberto M 
Published: December 2022

Objectives: The International Commission on Radiological Protection recommends managing patient and occupational doses as an integrated approach, for the optimisation of interventional procedures. The conventional passive personal dosimeters only allow one to know the accumulated occupational doses during a certain period of time. This information is not enough to identify if there is a lack of occupational radiation protection during some procedures. This paper describes the use of a dose management system (DMS) allowing patient and occupational doses for individual procedures to be audited. Methods: The DMS manages patient and occupational doses measured by electronic personal dosimeters. One dosemeter located at the C-arm is used as a reference for scatter radiation. Data have been collected from five interventional rooms. Dosimetry data can be managed for the whole procedure and the different radiation events. Optimisation is done through auditing different sets of parameters for individual procedures: patient dose indicators, occupational dose values, the ratio between occupational doses, and the doses measured by the reference dosemeter at the C-arm, and the ratio between occupational and patient dose values. Results: The managed data correspond to the year 2021, with around 4500 procedures, and 8000 records on occupational exposures. Patient and staff dose data (for 11 cardiologists, 7 radiologists and 8 nurses) were available for 3043 procedures. The DMS allows alerts for patient dose indicators and occupational exposures to be set. Conclusions: The main advantage of this integrated approach is the capacity to improve radiation safety for patients and workers together, auditing alerts for individual procedures. Advances in knowledge: The management of patient and occupational doses together (measured with electronic personal dosimeters) for individual interventional procedures, using dose management systems, allows alerting optimisation on high-dose values for patients and staff.
Ο πόλεμος φθοράς και η τακτική της εξαπάτησης και του αιφνιδιασμού στις πολεμικές επιχειρήσεις του Βυζαντίου (11ος -13ος αιώνας)
Authors: ΚΑΝΕΛΛΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ Νικόλαος Σ. 
Published: December 2022

Theory (as attested by the military manuals) and practice prove that attrition warfare and the associated military tactics of deception and surprise played an important role in the byzantine military history. The paper studies cases of attrition warfare and surprise attacks exercised by the Byzantines from 11th till 13th century. Important military leaders such as Alexios I Komnenos were masters of attrition warfare and used skillfully that strategy whenever an open battle against a strong opponent was very precarious.
The Byzantines took advantage of the Balkan and Asia Minor mountainous terrain as well as the recruitment of foreign fast moving troops armed with long range shooting weapons that facilitated the exercise of tactics of deception and surprise. These military tactics were mostly successful against the Latins while were occasionally successful against the Seljuks and the Turkomans. The paper concludes that attrition warfare and the tactics of deception and surprise were more often applied during the 13th century –a period that Byzantium’s military resources and capabilities diminished– thus being a distinctive byzantine method of warfare and gave rise to an active role of the infantry who under special circumstances could threaten the western cavalry.
Renal cell carcinoma - epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment - review article
Authors: Orczykowski Maciej , Tyszkiewicz Marcin , Rosińska Agata , Pożarowska Kinga , Miga Nadia 
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common urological malignancy. It accounts for 2% of deaths from all malignancies. Most cases of renal cell carcinoma are diagnosed incidentally during routine ultrasound or CT scans. Most cases are diagnosed in the asymptomatic stage. The presence of symptoms such as lower extremity edema and varicose veins of the seminal vasculature usually indicate the presence of an advanced neoplastic process. PURPOSE OF THE WORK: In this article we reviewed the literature on renal cell carcinoma. We collected and compared information on the epidemiology of risk factors, histological classification and treatment of RCC.STATUS OF KNOWLEDGE: According to GLOBOCAN data, there is an increase in the incidence of RCC in developed countries. In the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, the method of choice is surgical excision of the tumor. A kidney-sparing approach is preferred if the conditions exist. VEGF inhibitors, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and m-TOR kinase inhibitors are used in the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.CONCLUSION: Renal cell carcinoma is the most common urological cancer. By promoting healthy lifestyles, patients can significantly reduce their risk of developing it. The method of choice for treatment is still surgical excision of the tumor.
Prevalence of skin Neglected Tropical Diseases and superficial fungal infections in two peri-urban schools and one rural community setting in Togo
Authors: Saka Bayaki , Kassang Panawé , Gnossike Piham , Head Michael G. , Akakpo Abla Séfako , Teclessou Julienne Noude , Elegbede Yvette Moise , Mouhari-Toure Abas , Mahamadou Garba , Tevi Kokoé , Katsou Kafouyema , Kombaté Koussake , Walker Stephen L. , Pitché Palokinam 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Skin neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), are endemic and under-diagnosed in many lower-income communities. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of skin NTDs and fungal infections in two primary schools and a community setting in rural Togo.

Method
This was a cross-sectional study that took place between June-October 2021. The two primary schools are located on the outskirts of Lomé, the capital city. The community setting was Ndjéi, in north-east Togo. Study sites were purposively selected. Dermatologists examined the skin of study participants. Diagnosis of skin NTDs were made clinically.

Results
A total of 1401 individuals were examined, 954 (68.1%) from Ndjéi community, and 447 (31.9%) were children in the schools. Cutaneous skin infections were diagnosed in 438 (31.3%) participants, of whom 355 (81%) were in community settings. There were 105 observed skin NTDs (7.5%). Within the school setting, there were 20 individuals with NTDs (4.5% of 447 participants), and 85 NTDs (8.9%) from 954 community participants. Across all settings 68/1020 (6.7%) NTDs were in children, and 37/381 (9.7%) in adults. In addition, there were 333 observed mycoses (23.8% prevalence). The main cutaneous NTDs diagnosed were scabies (n = 86; 6.1%) and suspected yaws (n = 16, 1.1%). The prevalence of scabies in schools was 4.3%, and 7.0% in the rural community. One case of leprosy was diagnosed in each school and the rural community, and one suspected Buruli Ulcer case in the community. In the school setting, five (6%) children with a skin NTD reported being stigmatised, four of whom had refused to attend school because of their dermatosis. In Ndjéi, 44 (4.6%) individuals reported having experienced stigma and 41 (93.2%) of them missed at least one day of school or work.

Conclusion
This study shows that the burden of scabies and skin infections such as superficial mycoses is high in the school and rural community settings in Togo, with associated presence of stigma. Improved health promotion and education across institutional and community settings may reduce stigma and encourage early reporting of skin infection cases to a health facility.
Clinical risk calculators informing the decision to admit: A methodologic evaluation and assessment of applicability
Authors: Soleimanpour Neeloofar , Bann Maralyssa 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Clinical prediction and decision tools that generate outcome-based risk stratification and/or intervention recommendations are prevalent. Appropriate use and validity of these tools, especially those that inform complex clinical decisions, remains unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the methodologic quality and applicability of clinical risk scoring tools used to guide hospitalization decision-making.

Methods
In February 2021, a comprehensive search was performed of a clinical calculator online database (mdcalc.com) that is publicly available and well-known to clinicians. The primary reference for any calculator tool informing outpatient versus inpatient disposition was considered for inclusion. Studies were restricted to the adult, acute care population. Those focused on obstetrics/gynecology or critical care admission were excluded. The Wasson-Laupacis framework of methodologic standards for clinical prediction rules was applied to each study.

Results
A total of 22 calculators provided hospital admission recommendations for 9 discrete medical conditions using adverse events (14/22), mortality (6/22), or confirmatory diagnosis (2/22) as outcomes of interest. The most commonly met methodologic standards included mathematical technique description (22/22) and clinical sensibility (22/22) and least commonly met included reproducibility of the rule (1/22) and measurement of effect on clinical use (1/22). Description of the studied population was often lacking, especially patient race/ethnicity (2/22) and mental or behavioral health (0/22). Only one study reported any item related to social determinants of health.

Conclusion
Studies commonly do not meet rigorous methodologic standards and often fail to report pertinent details that would guide applicability. These clinical tools focus primarily on specific disease entities and clinical variables, missing the breadth of information necessary to make a disposition determination and raise significant validation and generalizability concerns.
Normative Values for Body Surface Gastric Mapping Evaluations of Gastric Motility Using Gastric Alimetry: Spectral Analysis
Authors: Varghese Chris , Schamberg Gabriel , Calder Stefan , Waite Stephen , Carson Daniel , Foong Daphne , Wang William Jiaen , Ho Vincent , Woodhead Jonathan , Daker Charlotte , Xu William , Du Peng , Abell Thomas L. , Parkman Henry P. , Tack Jan , Andrews Christopher N. , O'Grady Gregory , Gharibans Armen A. 
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Body surface gastric mapping (BSGM) is a new noninvasive test of gastric function. BSGM offers several novel and improved biomarkers of gastric function capable of differentiating patients with overlapping symptom profiles. The aim of this study was to define normative reference intervals for BSGM spectral metrics in a population of healthy controls.

METHODS:
BSGM was performed in healthy controls using Gastric Alimetry (Alimetry, New Zealand) comprising a stretchable high-resolution array (8 × 8 electrodes; 196 cm2), wearable Reader, and validated symptom-logging App. The evaluation encompassed a fasting baseline (30 minutes), 482 kCal meal, and 4-hour postprandial recording. Normative reference intervals were calculated for BSGM metrics including the Principal Gastric Frequency, Gastric Alimetry Rhythm Index (a measure of the concentration of power in the gastric frequency band over time), body mass index (BMI)–adjusted amplitude (μV), and fed:fasted amplitude ratio. Data were reported as median and reference interval (5th and/or 95th percentiles).

RESULTS:
A total of 110 subjects (55% female, median age 32 years [interquartile range 24–50], median BMI 23.8 kg/m2 [interquartile range 21.4–26.9]) were included. The median Principal Gastric Frequency was 3.04 cycles per minute; reference interval: 2.65–3.35 cycles per minute. The median Gastric Alimetry Rhythm Index was 0.50; reference interval: ≥0.25. The median BMI-adjusted amplitude was 37.6 μV; reference interval: 20–70 μV. The median fed:fasted amplitude ratio was 1.85; reference interval ≥1.08. A higher BMI was associated with a shorter meal-response duration (P = 0.014).

DISCUSSION:
This study provides normative reference intervals for BSGM spectral data to inform diagnostic interpretations of abnormal gastric function.
Pahlavi tōšn (tušn) in Denkard VII
Authors: Zamani Amir , Abedi Milad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Denkard VII which considered as the “Legend of Zoroaster” has been the subject of several investigations. The first translation was by E.W. West (1897: The Sacred Books of the East. Vol. 47. Clarendon: Oxford University Press: 26); Many years later Marijan Molé (1967) published a French version of Book VII; in Persian, Ahmad Tafazzolī and Žāleh Āmūzgār (1993: 55–110) translated some parts of the book VII; the last version which is in Persian belongs to Rashed Muhassel (2012: Denkard VII. Tehran: Pažuheshgāh-e olūm-e ensāni). Chapter two, sentence 34 of Denkard VII contains a word transcribed as tōšn/tušn of which this essay aims to have a critical view.
A Study of the Soviet Union’s Historic Issues Since China’s Reform and Opening-Up
Authors: Zuo Fengrong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
From the late 1970s to the present, Chinese research on the historic issues of the Soviet Union can be roughly divided into three stages. First, around the reform and opening-up of China, the Chinese academic circle focused on the study of Soviet Union’s important historic figures and events, and also began to study their institutional problems. Second, at the beginning of the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Chinese academics explored the causes for the dramatic changes in the Soviet Union from the perspective of learning from their lessons, and delved into the deeper problems troubling the country. Third, since the beginning of the new century, with the declassification of a large amount of archival materials, Chinese academics have studied the Soviet issues in greater depth and breadth.
Double [3 + 2] cycloadditions for diastereoselective synthesis of spirooxindole pyrrolizidines
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Ma Xiaoming , Qiu Weiqi , Awad JohnMark , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
One-pot two sequential [3 + 2] cycloadditions of azomethine ylides with different dipolarophiles for diastereoselective synthesis of spirooxindole pyrrolizidines are introduced. This one-pot synthesis involving five components generates a highly condensed ring system bearing seven stereocenters diastereoselectively. The new method has high pot, atom, and step economy. Only two equivalents of water are released as a side product.
Parameter identification of electric power remote telemetering system based on real-time section data and error-preventing topology analysis
Authors: Zhu Yingwei , Ma Xiang , Xiang Zhongming , Huang Jian , Cui Jianye 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the security of power remote telemetry system, this paper studies the parameter identification method of power remote telemetry system based on real-time cross-section data and error-proof topology analysis. The method is based on a synchronization vector measurement unit. It uses the multi-source measurement method to fuse the real-time cross-section data of the power remote telemetry system, we reconstruct the fault-proof topology map of the power grid based on the fused real-time cross-section data. And according to the grid error prevention topology diagram, we set the grid line impedance parameters, calculate the sum and variance of voltage squares and so on. After the set parameters are established, the constraint conditions are divided, and the constraint conditions are transformed by linear function through quadratic programming. By judging whether the parameter identification function complies with its constraints, the parameter identification of the power remote telemetry system is realized. The experimental results show that this method can accurately obtain the real-time cross-section data of the power remote telemetry system. Moreover, it can accurately reconstruct the fault-proof topology of the power grid, and the maximum deviation of parameter identification is only 0.5223.
‘Fluid’ Identity in Text-Building: A Study of the Revitalization of Origin Tales in West Hunan, China
Authors: Peng Lijing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
My research looks into the revitalization of Miao origin myths in the West Hunan minority ethnic autonomous prefecture in China. Based on two years of fieldwork and archival studies, I propose that West Hunan people’s active perception and interpretation of origin myths and folklore of the Miao people comprise and emphasize curational practices of restructuring historical narratives with a special focus on counter-narrativization. I argue that these efforts challenge lineal historical narration by providing counter-curational perspectives. Interpretations of myths and folklore over the issue of Miao identity reveal curations and counter-curations carried out by different institutions and individuals out of various political and social concerns. Overall, the recent revitalization of origin stories about the Heavenly Kings and the various presentations of Miao origin myths demonstrate the fluidity of minority ethnic identity, which combines the construction of linear history (military/political expansion and Sinicization, when non-Han societies came under the influences of Han culture, language, and ethnic identity) and the construction of mythic history (conveying principles and morality). My case studies illustrates counter-curational practices carried out by individuals and local cultural institutions, which lead to restructuring of historical narratives and counter-curational interpretations of minority ethnic cultures.
When Should Governments Invest More in Nudging? Revisiting Benartzi et al. (2017)
Authors: Tor Avishalom , Klick Jonathan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Highly influential recent work by Benartzi et al. (2017) argues—using comparisons of effectiveness and costs—that behavioral interventions (or nudges) offer more cost-effective means than traditional regulatory instruments for changing individual behavior to achieve desirable policy goals. Based on this finding, these authors further conclude that governments and other organizations should increase their investments in nudging to supplement traditional interventions. Yet a closer look at Benartzi et al.’s (2017) own data and analysis reveals that they variously exclude and include key cost elements to the benefit of behavioral instruments over traditional ones and overstate the utility of cost-effectiveness analysis for policy selection. Once these methodological shortcomings are corrected, a reassessment of key policies evaluated by the authors reveals that nudges do not consistently outperform traditional interventions, neither under cost-effectiveness analysis nor under the methodologically required cost-benefit analysis. These illustrative findings demonstrate that governments concerned with social welfare cannot simply assume the superiority of behavioral instruments and should strive instead to conduct cost-benefit analyses of competing interventions, including nudges, to identify the most efficient of the available instruments.
Phytochemicals to regulate oxidative and electrophilic stress through Nrf2 activation
Authors: Abiko Yumi , Toriba Akira , Kumagai Yoshito 
Published: December 2022

Graphical abstract

Abstract
Intake of a variety of vegetables and fruit is found to be effective in promoting health; one of the reasons for this is activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a basic leucine zipper protein. Nrf2 is activated by chemical modification of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), a negative regulator for this transcription factor, and specific phosphorylation of Nrf2, resulting in upregulation of its downstream gene products for antioxidant proteins, phase-II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes, and phase-III transporters. This type of activation plays a role in adaptive response and protection against oxidative and electrophilic stress. Multiple phytochemicals, such as curcumin, sulforaphane, and (E)-2-alkenals, have been identified as Nrf2 activators and may reduce the adverse health effects of oxidants and electrophiles. In this review, we introduce plant components that are known as Nrf2 activators and associated phytochemical-mediated reduction of risk from chemicals which cause oxidative and electrophilic stress. We also discuss the capture and inactivation of methylmercury, an electrophile, by sulfane sulfur atoms contained in garlic.
Morphology and optical properties of CdS thin films prepared by Physical Vapor Deposition method
Authors: Vakaliuk I.V. , Yavorskiy R.S. , Nykyruy L.I. , Naidych B.P. , Yavorskyy Ya.S. 
Published: December 2022

The optical properties of cadmium sulfide thin films obtained by thermal evaporation in vacuum were studied. The stoichiometric compositions of the binary compound previously synthesized from high-purity powders of the initial components were used. Films of different thicknesses deposited on a glass substrate were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and absorption coefficient was defined by the Swanepoel method. It was found that with increasing film thickness, surface formations decrease and at a thickness of 1 μm the film surface is continuous. It is determined that thin films of cadmium sulfide have optimal optical parameters for use as photovoltaic buffer layer. All the obtained films except the film with a thickness of 1215 nm show the usual interference pattern in the reflection spectra.