bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skipper-CCD sensors for the Oscura experiment: requirements and preliminary tests
Authors: Cervantes-Vergara Brenda A. , Perez Santiago , Estrada Juan , Botti Ana , Chavez Claudio R. , Chierchie Fernando , Saffold Nathan , Aguilar-Arevalo Alexis , Alcalde-Bessia Fabricio , Avalos Nicolás , Baez Oscar , Baxter Daniel , Bertou Xavier , Bonifazi Carla , Cancelo Gustavo , Castelló-Mor Nuria , Chavarria Alvaro E. , De Egea Juan Manuel , D'Olivo Juan Carlos , Dreyer Cyrus , Drlica-Wagner Alex , Essig Rouven , Estrada Ezequiel , Etzion Erez , Grylls Paul , Fernandez-Moroni Guillermo , Fernández-Serra Marivi , Ferreyra Santiago , Holland Stephen , Lantero Barreda Agustín , Lathrop Andrew , Lawson Ian , Loer Ben , Luoma Steffon , Marrufo Villalpando Edgar , Martinez Montero Mauricio , McGuire Kellie , Molina Jorge , Munagavalasa Sravan , Norcini Danielle , Piers Alexander , Privitera Paolo , Rodrigues Dario , Saldanha Richard , Singal Aman , Smida Radomir , Sofo-Haro Miguel , Stalder Diego , Stefanazzi Leandro , Tiffenberg Javier , Traina Michelangelo , Uemura Sho , Ventura Pedro , Vilar Cortabitarte Rocío , Yajur Rachana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOscura is a proposed multi-kg skipper-CCD experiment designed for a dark matter (DM) direct detection search that will reach unprecedented sensitivity to sub-GeV DM-electron interactions with its 10 kg detector array. Oscura is planning to operate at SNOLAB with 2070 m overburden, and aims to reach a background goal of less than one event in each electron bin in the 2–10 electron ionization-signal region for the full 30 kg-year exposure, with a radiation background rate of 0.01 dru.[1 dru (differential rate unit) corresponds to 1 event/kg/day/keV.] In order to achieve this goal, Oscura must address each potential source of background events, including instrumental backgrounds. In this work, we discuss the main instrumental background sources and the strategy to control them, establishing a set of constraints on the sensors' performance parameters. We present results from the tests of the first fabricated Oscura prototype sensors, evaluate their performance in the context of the established constraints and estimate the Oscura instrumental background based on these results.
Overcoming the Fluctuating Curve from PV Power Generation by Modelling the Integration of Hydrogen Energy Storage Into Electricity Microgrid
Authors: Sesotyo Priyo A. , Dalimi Rinaldy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Java Madura Bali (Jamali) system is the Indonesian largest grid, which contributes approximately 61%, with the Coal Thermal dominates by 59% and followed by the New Renewable Energy (NRE) of 9%. Solar Photovoltaic Power Plants (SPP) contribute only 1% from the NRE itself. Low voltage customers (TR) are approximately 61% with the residential contribute approximately 42%. The rates of the national SAIDI is 12.72 hours/subscriber/year and the national SAIFI is 9.25 times per subscriber/year. There is some challenge in regulating voltage in area with high penetration of solar PV, case of voltage fluctuation in response to the fluctuating of solar irradiance, as well as other factors such as load transient. This voltage fluctuation is proportional to the amount of current generated by the PV system and also proportional to the solar irradiance.
Hydrogen energy storage (HES) is an alternative to NRE-based energy storage technology. Integrating solar PV with hydrogen energy storage and optimisation device may mitigate PV-driven voltage fluctuation, preventing excessive reserve power flow on the grid. The hydrogen energy storage system can cover variation of the loads at the nearby solar PV system in the microgrid and the ability to manage those loads, as mentioned in the energy management system. Integrating the HES within Solar PV system can improve the curve shape, improve system reliability and voltage stability, especially in the Residential Microgrid. Also may build the opportunities to earn new revenues from wholesale electricity markets, enhancing the reliability rate and competitive monetary value.
Maximum Demand Reduction (MDRed) modelling using MATLAB Stateflow®
Authors: Subramani Gopinath , Ramachandaramurthy Vigna K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Based on renewable energy case studies, the MDRed (Maximum Demand Reduction) Model is created as an optimization apparatus for the solar PV-battery system. In this paper, MATLAB modeling toolbox is used for simulation of the solar PV-BESS design and verification of the MDRed modeling via variations in MD limit and solar PV load. Based on MDRed model, the maximum demand supervisory control algorithm is developed via MATLAB Stateflow® for the battery management system (BMS) to monitor and regulate the load to maintain the net load consumption below MD limit with the solar PV system. In summary, the simulation with the master MD controller shows the effectiveness of the proposed controller on the BMS to cater to MD reductions during solar irradiance and load pattern variations.
Reflection & Outcome Projection on the Impact of ASEAN Energy Transition to Regional Cohesivity
Authors: Araisya Tristan Noa , Debora  , Susila Akbar Yudha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Within the past decades, the world is combating climate change that leads to the need for clean energy. In consideration of the previous notion, ASEAN has become one of the important actors in supporting the process of achieving clean energy in Southeast Asia. On the other hand, each of the countries has different potential for every type of renewable energy. That being said, Southeast Asia’s transition to clean energy has a consequential impact on the cohesivity of the region. We use neoliberal theses, specifically the green economy, to explain this. In this paper, we argue that optimistically, clean energy will bring positive impact towards regional cohesion in economics and policy terms. The cohesion itself is the result of the stepping up of ASEAN’s clean energy cooperation and the growth of intra-regional trade in that respective area. Aside from that, institutionalists also argue that institutions—in this case ASEAN—may change the state’s behavior. Nevertheless, there are few things to note if ASEAN sought to accelerate their energy transition: national interest, the involvement of great powers, the inequality in technology distribution, and the overshadowment in global investment to China, India, and Brazil due to their potential.
The Challenges of Nuclear Power Plant Development in Indonesia: A Case of Thorium Power Plant in Bangka Island, Indonesia
Authors: Kurniawan Nanang Indra , Hasanah Mahesti , Pamungkas Warih Aji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper discusses the challenges of nuclear power plant development in Indonesia. With a growing belief among policymakers that nuclear power could play a vital role in energy transition and diversification, it is important to analyse the process of nuclear decision-making. Drawing on the case of the development of the Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR) in Bangka Island, this paper aims to understand the social, political, and institutional aspects of thorium power plant development. More specifically, this paper elaborates on public acceptance and the regulatory environment of nuclear power development. This paper is mainly based on secondary data such as official reports, online media, and relevant academic research. We argue that nuclear power development requires not only good technological and risk management capacity but also strong public trust in the government and nuclear industry through information transparency and openness.
Size fractionated ambient particles down to nanoparticles (PM0.1) during a haze episode in Myanmar
Authors: Tial Mai Kai Suan , Amin Muhammand , Putri Rahmi Mulia , Hata Mitsuhiko , Furuuchi Masami , Phairuang Worradorn 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This is the first report on the size-fractionated airborne particles small to nanoparticles (PM0.1) in Myanmar. The ambient air monitoring using a cascade air sampler of PM10/2.5/1.0/0.5/0.1 stages was done in Tachileik, Myanmar, during the dry season in 2022. Concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 seriously exceeded air quality standards, e.g., those by the World Health Organization (WHO). The PM0.1 concentration ranged from 5.4 to 20.8 μg/m3, with an average of 13.1 ± 4.3 μg/m3, similar to other large cities in this area as Bangkok in Thailand. This result will provide air quality information in Myanmar, which will likely be the clean air act and the transition to sustainable air quality management in Myanmar and other developing countries.
Decarbonization Program through an Implementation of 411 kWp OFFGRID PV Rooftop in reducing GHG in Muara Karang Combined Cycle Power Plant
Authors: Hutajulu D S , Revina T , Dermawan M D 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Indonesian government commits to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by following the Paris Agreement to the Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Indonesia targets to reduce GHG emissions by 29% by 2030 with business as usual and 40% with international assistance. PT PJB Muara Karang in Jakarta has operated PV Rooftop with a total capacity of 411 kWp which is one of the renewable energy sources. The solar plants have been installed on the roof of an office building aimed at own-used. Calculation of the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions uses the reference CDM AMS I.D Version 18.0. By using this method, the reduction in greenhouse gases was approximately 158,93 ton CO2 from January 2021 to June 2022. This program can generate 411,839.7 kWh of Electricity. As a solution to reduce coal-fired power plants, in the long term, the company (PT PJB) has a target of developing New Renewable Energy of 3394 MW by 2030. The rooftop PV installation program for own use is one of the company’s commitments to reduce greenhouse gases and support the achievement of the targets energy mix for renewable energy. This program is expected to be claimed as a form of decarbonization program.
Determination of Particulate Matters and Total Suspended Particles emitted from Incense Burning
Authors: Chy Sopannha , Aun Srean , Hang Leakhena , Amin Muhammad , Hata Mitsuhiko , Or Chanmoly , Kong Sela , Taing Chanreaksmey , Um Dalin , Furuuchi Masami 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Incense burning is an important ceremonial ritual in Buddhism. It is well recognized that incense smoke has negative health effects, which may be caused by the emission of submicron particles, including ultrafine and nanoparticles. Hence, in this study, the concentration of particulate matter (PM) and total suspended particles (TSP) emitted from incense burning were determined from 4 incense stick brands. The experiment was conducted in a room with a volume of approximately 146m3 using two instruments: an HV sampler and a Nano Sampler. The highest TSPs concentration from long sticks and short sticks were S1 (319.03 μg/m3) and N2 (439.75 μg/m3), respectively. High mass concentration was found in the ultrafine particle range for S2 (112.27 μg/m3) and N2 (117.30 μg/m3). In contrast, S1 and N1 exhibited high concentrations in the coarse particle mode at 79.28 μg/m3 and 86.75 μg/m3, respectively. Out of the 4 incense brands, N2 appeared to have the highest concentration in almost every particle range compared to the other 3 brands. Incense should be burned in a well-ventilated setting and try not to stay in the same place as the altar to reduce the risk of incense smoke exposure.
Monitoring Particulate Matters and Total Suspended Particles Along the Roadside and Public Area in Phnom Penh
Authors: Ngoun Pengsreng , Aun Srean , Amin Muhammad , Hang Leakhena , Hata Mitsuhiko , Taing Chanreaksmey , Kong Sela , Or Chanmoly , Um Dalin , Furuuchi Masami 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the Total Suspended Particles (TSP) and Particulate Matter (PM) of the exposed area of vehicles emission along a boulevard (Russian Federation Boulevard/RFB) and public park (Wat Phnom Historical Park/WP) in Phnom Penh as a beneficial fact for passengers and tourists of air quality that they breathed in. This present study was carried out in 8 hours per sampling, twice a month, and 2 months long (March and April) of 2022 by using a high-volume sampler (HV, Shibata 500V) to determine TSP and Modified Nano-sampler (NS) to define PM (TSP/PM10/PM2.5/PM1/PM0.1). Conforming to the results, the highest percentage of relative humidity found during the sampling was when it rained (97.30%) and in the morning. Meanwhile, the lowest relative humidity was only about 48.70% which was during the hot afternoon. Additionally, TSP of RFB peak’s data was accounted as 234.04 μg/m3 which is beneath the standard of Royal Government of Cambodia (RGC), 330 μg/m3. Nevertheless, the climax concentration of fine and ultrafine particles (PM2.5 and PM0.1) that wandered in the same area had surprisingly stood in an immensely high number as 95.56 and 38.04 μg/m3. To summarize, low level of TSP in the ambient atmosphere is not correlating to less pollution since the acquired results of PM2.5 and PM0.1 had detected in a dominant level that disturb the public health respiratory system. Same thing happened to WP which is a tree-based site as well.
Carbonaceous component of Total Suspended Particulate (TSP) in Makassar City, Sulawesi Island, Indonesia
Authors: Amin Muhammad , Ramadhani Andi Annisa Tenri , Zakaria Rasdiana , Hanami Zarah Arwieny , Putri Rahmi Mulia , Torabi Sayed Esmatullah , Phairuang Worradorn , Hata Mitsuhiko , Masami Furuuchi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As the initial study related to carbonaceous components in Sulawesi Island, Indonesia, total suspended particulate matter (TSP) was collected in the roadside environments in Makassar city, Indonesia. The mean TSP level in this study was higher than the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of Indonesia and much higher than World Health Organization (WHO) standards. It ranged from 21.6 to 838.6 μg/m3. The lowest concentration was found during the rainy days in paved site. The highest TSP level in all sites was found in the rush morning and late noon hour. It is related to the movement of the citizens during those periods of time. Regardless of the sites and times of sampling, organic carbon (OC) is the main fraction of total carbon (TC) for around 62.2 – 84.0%. OC and EC had well correlation indicating both carbonaceous components were emitted from the common sources. It might be emitted from the traffic emission as seen from the greater correlation between TSP and soot-EC than between TSP vs. char-EC. Hence, exhaust emissions from traffic and non-exhaust emission during the movement of vehicles should be the two main sources of TSP and its carbon components in the roadside environment of Makassar city, Sulawesi Island, Indonesia.
Preliminary discussion about the air pollution status in Afghanistan from Aerosol Optical Depth
Authors: Torabi Sayed Esmatullah , Amin Muhammad , Phairuang Worradorn , Hata Mitsuhiko , Furuuchi Masami 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Kabul city, the capital of Afghanistan, has suffered from poor air quality for the last two decades. This study focuses on Kabul’s spatiotemporal characteristics of aerosol optical depth (AOD). The annual and long-term 20 years of AOD data were retrieved from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) a combination of Terra and Aqua satellites using the Google Earth Engine geospatial analysis platform to determine seasonal variation and long-term trend of the aerosols. The air mass backward trajectories were calculated using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. Furthermore, ArcGIS 10.7.1 is used to visualize the AOD over the city. The results show high AOD in summer. However, autumn is recorded as the lowest average AOD season. In addition, the 20 years of data from 2001 to 2021 shows a slight increase in AOD. We suggest that the increase in AOD in the city is due to the rapid growth of the population. The cross-boundary atmospheric aerosols affect the air quality in the city.
Is Ground Source Heat Pump the Future of Space Cooling in Southeast Asia?
Authors: Widiatmojo Arif , Uchida Youhei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The rapid economic growth of Southeast Asian countries is followed by accelerated population and energy demand growth. On the other hand, the region still relies heavily on fossil fuels as the primary source of electricity. As a result, there is a growing concern about future regional energy sustainability. Space cooling has become one of the fastest-growing energy sectors. Introducing a new space cooling technology capable of providing a higher thermal efficiency can be an alternative solution. The Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP) is a proven technology to reduce the required energy for space cooling and heating in four-season countries. However, its performance in the tropical climate is still questionable. This paper describes the challenges of GSHP application in tropical climates, such as in Southeast Asia. The research conducted to investigate the suitability of GSHP system application in Southeast Asia is also discussed. While more data are being gathered from several GSHP pilot tests in Vietnam and Thailand, the short to medium-term performance data analysis shows its advantages over the conventional Air Source Heat Pump (ASHP) or standard air conditioner. However, extensive research is still required to evaluate its long-term performance and the financial advantages over the ASHP.
Tracking Potential Renewable Energy Jobs in ASEAN
Authors: Bilqis Amira , Demoral Alnie , Rosalia Silvira Ayu , Yurnaidi Zulfikar , Safrina Rika , Yuniarni Diah Retno 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Job creation in renewable is among the most significant social impacts of higher renewable penetration to the energy mix, but it also poses a challenge for countries to adapt to the changing work landscape amidst the energy transition. Hence mapping the distribution and projecting renewable employment in the coming years in ASEAN will be crucial as it would support the policy ramifications, job market, and economy. This research adopted data and scenarios trajectory from the 7th ASEAN Energy Outlook (AEO7) from 2020 up to 2050 with four technologies: Solar PV Utility-Scale, Onshore Wind, Hydropower Dam, and Geothermal. It is limited to three job types: manufacturing, construction, installation, and operation and maintenance. The data was processed using Low Emissions Analysis Platform (LEAP) software. The findings indicate that ASEAN’s renewable energy (RE) jobs will reach between 3.9 – 5.5 million, with Vietnam and Indonesia dominating the share. Meanwhile, job share growth based on the technology is most robust in hydropower and solar. As new plants are established during the early years, job creation will be relatively higher, especially in manufacturing and construction. Further refinement of methodologies and continuous data improvement is vital to allow the better projection of the region’s workforce on energy transition and provide opportunities for better coordination, planning, and investment to improve employment outcomes.
The Future of Nuclear Power: A Philippine Perspective
Authors: Macmac Shaina D. , Tizon Zhane Ann M. , Ocampo Erin Samantha G. , Almendrala Michelle C. , Evidente Ralph Carlo T. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A global transition toward sustainable energy systems is of capital importance to avert the adverse effects of climate change. However, at the forefront of this paradigm shift remains energy security as a key constituent. The Philippines, amid imposing high electricity rates because of the importation of coal and fossil fuels, continuously struggles with its energy consumption. As it commits to a 75% reduction and avoidance of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2030, the Philippines endeavors steps toward meeting its concomitant energy demand while investing in more sustainable energy sources. Among the most viable options, nuclear energy is integral in providing a zero-emission clean energy source to address the demand while attaining the country’s commitment to GHG reduction. Thus, national policy discussions on the introduction of nuclear power in the energy mix are of principal interest as its inclusion is projected to present colossal potential and prospects for the government and its people in terms of employment, energy security, and a sustainable environment. In lieu, this paper pivots on the future of nuclear power in the Philippine context through a comprehensive review of the status of its energy sector, the historical context and status of its nuclear power, public acceptance, capacity building, and economic feasibility.
Rehabilitation Strategy for Restoration of Riverbank Protection Function in the Merawu Watershed, Banjarnegara Regency
Authors: Sukmawati J G , Widiyatno  , Suryatmojo H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Riverbank is a buffer zone for the river ecosystem and the surrounding land. The significant land use changes and land cover reduction in the Merawu Watershed had put pressure on the riverbank and threatened the protection function sustainability. Thus, this study aims to 1) identify the riverbank’s ecological status, 2) identify its Protection Carrying Capacity (PCC), 3) determine the indicative location of rehabilitation, and 4) develop a rehabilitation strategy for restoring the riverbank protection function. The Riparian Quality Index (RQI) results indicated riverbank ecological degradation and deviation from natural conditions due to intensive tillage. The entire riverbank PCC status was poor due to less land cover in dryland agriculture and mixed dryland agriculture. Three indicative locations of rehabilitation were prioritized, i.e., Karangkobar (54.86 ha), Kalibening (41.21 ha), and Wanayasa Sub-districts (39.31 ha). Recommended riverbank rehabilitation strategies were 1) constructing bunds and bench terraces in sloping land, 2) implementing trees along the border (hedgerow) pattern and riparian buffer strips to increase land cover on cultivated riverbank lands, and 3) constructing gully plugs and retaining dams to strengthen riverbanks; using organic mulch; and planting the recommended species (Falcataria falcata, Artocarpus altilis, Dendrocalamus asper, and Gigantochloa apus) on degraded critical lands.
Enhancement of Hydrodearomatization Catalyst by Brönsted Acid Site of Al2O3 Support for Clean Diesel Production
Authors: Henpraserttae Suparoek , Buarod Eumporn , Goodwin Vituruch , Saisirirat Peerawat , Yoosuk Boonyawan , Chollacoop Nuwong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Exhaust from diesel engine contributes a main part in both PM10 and PM2.5 problem. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in diesel fuel should be considered because of their toxicity. Worldwide Fuel Charter recommends the PAHs content less than 2 wt.% in diesel fuel for less toxic of diesel exhaust emission. Nickle Molybdenum Sulfide over Gamma alumina (NiMoS/γ-Al2O3) catalyst is generally used in hydrotreating processes of petroleum refinery. PAHs are saturated by hydrogenation reaction (HYD) to be mono-aromatic or non-aromatic, called Hydrodearomatization (HDA) process. However, NiMoS/γ-Al2O3 catalysts still require improvements of HYD activities. Gamma alumina has been widely used as catalyst support, which generally possesses only Lewis acidity. This work focuses on surface modification of γ-Al2O3 by ammonium fluoride to generate Brönsted acidity, which could improve HYD function of NiMoS catalysts. All γ-Al2O3 supports were characterized by In-situ pyridine adsorption Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform spectroscopy (Pyridine-DRIFT). Increment of fluorine content in the modified γ-Al2O3 leads to increase its Brönsted acidity. The NiMoS over modified γ-Al2O3 exhibits higher HYD activities than that of the γ-Al2O3. Generation of Brönsted acidity on ϒ-Al2O3 support can enhance the HYD function of NiMoS catalyst for HDA process of clean diesel production.