bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reportable infections following colon surgery in a large public healthcare system in New York City: The consequences of being a level 1 trauma center
Authors: Fornek Mary L. , Ata Subhan , Jimenez Edwin , Abdallah Marie , Sunny Subin , Lee Jennifer , Episcopia Briana , Roudnitsky Valery , Quale John 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectives:To examine differences in risk factors and outcomes of patients undergoing colon surgery in level 1 trauma centers versus other hospitals and to investigate the potential financial impact of these reportable infections.Design:Retrospective cohort study between 2015 and 2022.Setting:Large public healthcare system in New York City.Participants:All patients undergoing colon surgery; comparisons were made between (1) all patients undergoing colon surgery at the level 1 trauma centers versus patients at the other hospitals and (2) the nontrauma and trauma patients at the level 1 trauma centers versus the nontrauma patients at other hospitals.Results:Of 5,217 colon surgeries reported, 3,531 were at level 1 trauma centers and 1686 at other hospitals. Patients at level 1 trauma centers had significantly increased American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) scores, durations of surgery, rates of delayed wound closure, and rates of class 4 wounds, resulting in higher SIRs (1.1 ± 0.15 vs 0.75 ± 0.18; P = .0007) compared to the other hospitals. Compared to the nontrauma patients at the other hospitals, both the nontrauma and trauma patients at the level 1 trauma centers had higher ASA scores, rates of delayed wound closure, and of class 4 wounds. The SIRs of the nontrauma patients (1.16 ± 1.29; P = .008) and trauma patients (1.26 ± 2.69; P = .066) at the level 1 trauma center were higher than the SIRs of nontrauma patients in the other hospitals (0.65 ± 1.18).Conclusions:Patients undergoing colon surgery at level 1 trauma centers had increased complexity of surgery compared to the patients in other hospitals. Until there is appropriate adjustment for these risk factors, the use of infections following colon surgery as a reportable quality measure should be re-evaluated.
ABELIAN GROUPS DEFINABLE IN p-ADICALLY CLOSED FIELDS
Authors: JOHNSON WILL , YAO NINGYUAN 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Recall that a group G has finitely satisfiable generics (fsg) or definable f-generics (dfg) if there is a global type p on G and a small model

$M_0$

such that every left translate of p is finitely satisfiable in

$M_0$

or definable over

$M_0$

, respectively. We show that any abelian group definable in a p-adically closed field is an extension of a definably compact fsg definable group by a dfg definable group. We discuss an approach which might prove a similar statement for interpretable abelian groups. In the case where G is an abelian group definable in the standard model

$\mathbb {Q}_p$

, we show that

$G^0 = G^{00}$

, and that G is an open subgroup of an algebraic group, up to finite factors. This latter result can be seen as a rough classification of abelian definable groups in

$\mathbb {Q}_p$

.
Illusory intuitions: Challenging the claim of non-exclusivity
Authors: Handley Simon J. , Ghasemi Omid , Bialek Michal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A person who arrives at correct solutions via false premises is right and wrong simultaneously. Similarly, a person who generates “logical intuitions” through superficial heuristics can likewise be right and wrong at the same time. However, heuristics aren't guaranteed to deliver the logical solution, so the claim that system 1 can routinely produce the alleged system 2 response is unfounded.
Dual-process theory is Barbapapa
Authors: Tinghög Gustav , Koppel Lina , Västfjäll Daniel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The biggest benefit of dual-process theory lies in its role as a benchmark theory that, regardless of its empirical plausibility, serves as a starting point for better and more domain-specific models. In this sense, dual-process theory is the Barbapapa of psychological theory – a blob-shaped creature that can be reshaped and adapted to fit in the context of any human behavior.
Cold‐Season Methane Fluxes Simulated by GCP‐CH4 Models
Authors: Ito A. , Li T. , Qin Z. , Melton J. R. , Tian H. , Kleinen T. , Zhang W. , Zhang Z. , Joos F. , Ciais P. , Hopcroft P. O. , Beerling D. J. , Liu X. , Zhuang Q. , Zhu Q. , Peng C. , Chang K.‐Y. , Fluet‐Chouinard E. , McNicol G. , Patra P. , Poulter B. , Sitch S. , Riley W. , Zhu Q. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCold‐season methane (CH4) emissions may be poorly constrained in wetland models. We examined cold‐season CH4 emissions simulated by 16 models participating in the Global Carbon Project model intercomparison and analyzed temporal and spatial patterns in simulation results using prescribed inundation data for 2000–2020. Estimated annual CH4 emissions from northern (>60°N) wetlands averaged 10.0 ± 5.5 Tg CH4 yr−1. While summer CH4 emissions were well simulated compared to in‐situ flux measurement observations, the models underestimated CH4 during September to May relative to annual total (27 ± 9%, compared to 45% in observations) and substantially in the months with subzero air temperatures (5 ± 5%, compared to 27% in observations). Because of winter warming, nevertheless, the contribution of cold‐season emissions was simulated to increase at 0.4 ± 0.8% decade−1. Different parameterizations of processes, for example, freezing–thawing and snow insulation, caused conspicuous variability among models, implying the necessity of model refinement.
The Role of Anomalous Transport in Long‐Term, Stream Water Chemistry Variability
Authors: Dentz Marco , Kirchner James W. , Zehe Erwin , Berkowitz Brian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe investigate the occurrence of anomalous (non‐Fickian) transport in an hydrological catchment system at kilometer scales and over a 36‐year period. Using spectral analysis, we examine the fluctuation scaling of long‐term time series measurements of a natural passive tracer (chloride), for rainfall and runoff. The scaling behavior can be described by a continuous time random walk (CTRW) based on a power‐law distribution of transition times, which indicates two distinct power‐law regimes in the distribution of overall travel times in the catchment. The CTRW provides a framework for assessing anomalous transport in catchments and its implications for water quality fluctuations.
Effects of the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Eruption on MODIS‐Retrieved Sea Surface Temperatures
Authors: Jia Chong , Minnett Peter J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe eruption of Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) volcano on 15 January 2022 injected a great amount of H2O and a moderate amount of SO2 into the stratosphere, producing a pronounced and persistent sulfate aerosol layer centered around the mid‐stratosphere, mostly confined to Southern Hemisphere (SH) tropics. These aerosols affect the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) retrievals of sea surface temperature (SST) where negative biases reached −0.3 K and an annual mean of −0.1 K north of 40°S in the SH. The spatial and temporal evolutions of MODIS SST anomalies are presented. Radiative transfer simulations demonstrate the aerosol effect on MODIS SST retrievals by causing an additional brightness temperature (BT) deficit at 11 μm and a reduction in BT differences since the characteristic of spectral attenuation between 11 and 12 μm is opposite to that of H2O. A correction for HTHH aerosol effects in the retrieval algorithm is therefore desirable.
Resonant Waves Play an Important Role in the Increasing Heat Waves in Northern Hemisphere Mid‐Latitudes Under Global Warming
Authors: He Yang , Zhu Xiaoqian , Sheng Zheng , He Mingyuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtreme events have become more frequent in the Northern Hemisphere mid‐latitudes in recent decades, hugely impacting the ecosystem and society. The quasi‐resonance amplification (QRA) of planetary waves is considered one of the dynamic mechanisms leading to extreme weather. However, the specific impact of resonant waves caused by QRA on surface heat extremes is still an open issue. Here we show that the QRA of planetary waves leading to heat extremes is closely related to double jets, accompanied by the enhancement of atmospheric blocking and the weakening of planetary wave escaping into the stratosphere. Our results illustrate the important role of mid‐latitude planetary waves with zonal wavenumber m = 6–8 caused by QRA in the increasingly frequent heat waves in recent years, as it can increase the coverage area and occurrence frequency of heat extremes in mid‐latitudes and show a significant impact on preferred regions, especially in Eurasia.
Comparing Loon Superpressure Balloon Observations of Gravity Waves in the Tropics With Global Storm‐Resolving Models
Authors: Köhler Laura , Green Brian , Stephan Claudia C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSuperpressure balloons, which drift approximately on isopycnal surfaces, get displaced by gravity waves and are thus capable of detecting gravity wave signatures. The project Loon provides superpressure balloon data in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere from 2011 to 2021. We compare Loon data from the 6 years of best data coverage with output of global storm‐resolving models from the DYnamics of the Atmospheric general circulation Modeled On Non‐hydrostatic Domains winter initiative in the tropics. We study the variance of the vertical velocity and, for the models, the gravity wave momentum flux as function of distance to closest convection. The models show large differences in the variance of the vertical wind velocity, which is crucial for calculating vertical gravity wave momentum fluxes. We find large differences between the models with respect to simulated convection, lateral propagation, and the wave background away from sources. We then sample balloons as models by optimizing the match of vertical wind distributions using a temporal low pass filter. The average distance the balloons travel during the optimum low pass filtering time turns out to correspond approximately to four times the model grid spacing. The functional dependence of the vertical velocity variance on distance to closest convection is similar between the models and the observations sampled as models. The robustness of this result across all models suggests that storm‐resolving models provide a useful resource for machine learning some characteristics of convectively generated gravity waves.
Experiments on Gravel‐Sand Transitions: Examination of Washload Deposition
Authors: Dingle Elizabeth H. , Venditti Jeremy G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn abrupt transition in bed grain size occurs in river systems. Over a short downstream distance, often only a few channel widths, the bed surface fines from gravel (∼10 mm) to sand (∼1 mm). This is the gravel‐sand transition (GST), and it is the only abrupt downstream reduction in grain size within fluvial systems. There are several theories for the origin of the GST, including size‐selective deposition of bimodal grain size distributions and the rapid onset of washload deposition due to changes in particle suspension properties at shear velocities of ∼0.1 m/s. Here, we present a laboratory experiment examining changes in fluid and sediment dynamics across a GST. We developed a stable gravel bed reach that was just below the threshold of motion, then fed sand. We observed sand carried as washload in the gravel reach fall out of suspension, forming a sand bed and a stable GST. Shear velocity was 0.09–0.10 m/s upstream of the GST and <0.10 m/s downstream, consistent with the washload deposition hypothesis. We were then able to perturb the position of the GST by systematically varying discharge and/or sand supply, shifting it downstream with an increase in discharge or a reduction in sediment supply. A decrease in discharge or increase in sand supply caused upstream migration. Our observations support an abrupt change in washload transport conditions across a narrow range of shear velocities, consistent with the washload deposition theory and measurements taken across GSTs in natural river systems.
Update on Our Action Plan for Equity, Inclusion, and Diversity in Publishing at JGR: Biogeosciences
Authors: Xenopoulos Marguerite A. , Bond‐Lamberty Ben , Huntzinger Deborah , Desai Ankur R. , Feng Xiaojuan , Hammond William M. , Moore David J. P. , Peng Xuefeng , Sahagian Dork , Santin Cristina , Vargas Rodrigo , Wells Naomi S. , Wooden Paige 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe made a commitment to better include underrepresented members of our community in the publication pipeline of JGR: Biogeosciences. This commitment consists of regular updates on our policies and practices, and concrete actions we intend to implement over the next year. So far, our progress to tackle biases and ensure equitable research in the biogeosciences has focused on improving diversity of our associate editor and reviewer pools, increasing awareness of unconscious bias in peer‐review, and promoting inclusion in global collaborations. In this update, we explore manuscript submissions and manuscript decisions by gender, and we present a pilot that aims to promote ethical and equitable global collaborations in resource‐poor settings. We end our editorial by presenting our next set of actions that we plan on completing over the next year, which include a more thorough analysis of reviewer demographics.
The role of Extracellular Genomic Materials (EGMs) in psychiatric disorders
Authors: Kurtulmuş Ayşe , Koçana Cemal Çağıl , Toprak Selin Fulya , Sözer Selçuk 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtracellular Genomic Materials (EGMs) are the nucleic acids secreted or released from all types of cells by endogenous or exogenous stimuli through varying mechanisms into the extracellular region and inevitably to all biological fluids. EGMs could be found as free, protein-bound, and/ or with vesicles. EGMs can potentially have immunophenotypic and/or genotypic characteristics of a cell of origin, travel to distant organs, and interact with the new microenvironment. To achieve all, EGMs might bi-directionally transit through varying membranes, including the blood–brain barrier. Such ability provides the transfer of any information related to the pathophysiological changes in psychiatric disorders in the brain to the other distant organ systems or vice versa. In this article, many aspects of EGMs have been elegantly reviewed, including their potential in diagnosis as biomarkers, application in treatment modalities, and functional effects in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. The psychiatric disorders were studied under subgroups of Schizophrenia spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, depressive disorders, and an autism spectrum disorders. EGMs provide a robust and promising tool in clinics for prognosis and diagnosis. The successful application of EGMs into treatment modalities might further provide encouraging outcomes for researchers and clinicians in psychiatric disorders.
Global disparities in patients with multiple myeloma: a rapid evidence assessment
Authors: Mateos Maria-Victoria , Ailawadhi Sikander , Costa Luciano J. , Grant Shakira J. , Kumar Lalit , Mohty Mohamad , Aydin Didem , Usmani Saad Z. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThere are disparities in outcomes for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). We evaluated the influence of sociodemographic factors on global disparities in outcomes for patients with MM. This rapid evidence assessment (PROSPERO, CRD42021248461) followed PRISMA-P guidelines and used the PICOS framework. PubMed and Embase® were searched for articles in English from 2011 to 2021. The title, abstract, and full text of articles were screened according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. The sociodemographic factors assessed were age, sex, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location. Outcomes were diagnosis, access to treatment, and patient outcomes. Of 84 articles included, 48 were US-based. Worldwide, increasing age and low socioeconomic status were associated with worse patient outcomes. In the US, men typically had worse outcomes than women, although women had poorer access to treatment, as did Black, Asian, and Hispanic patients. No consistent disparities due to sex were seen outside the US, and for most factors and outcomes, no consistent disparities could be identified globally. Too few studies examined disparities in diagnosis to draw firm conclusions. This first systematic analysis of health disparities in patients with MM identified specific populations affected, highlighting a need for additional research focused on assessing patterns, trends, and underlying drivers of disparities in MM.
Blast phase myeloproliferative neoplasm: contemporary review and 2024 treatment algorithm
Authors: Tefferi Ayalew , Alkhateeb Hassan , Gangat Naseema 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLeukemic transformation in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), also referred to as “blast-phase MPN”, is the most feared disease complication, with incidence estimates of 1–4% for essential thrombocythemia, 3–7% for polycythemia vera, and 9–13% for primary myelofibrosis. Diagnosis of MPN-BP requires the presence of ≥20% circulating or bone marrow blasts; a lower level of excess blasts (10–19%) constitutes “accelerated phase” disease (MPN-AP). Neither “intensive” nor “less intensive” chemotherapy, by itself, secures long-term survival in MPN-BP. Large-scale retrospective series have consistently shown a dismal prognosis in MPN-BP, with 1- and 3-year survival estimates of <20% and <5%, respectively. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) offers the possibility of a >30% 3-year survival rate and should be pursued, ideally, while the patient is still in chronic phase disease. The value of pre-transplant bridging chemotherapy is uncertain in MPN-AP while it is advised in MPN-BP; in this regard, we currently favor combination chemotherapy with venetoclax (Ven) and hypomethylating agent (HMA); response is more likely in the absence of complex/monosomal karyotype and presence of TET2 mutation. Furthermore, in the presence of an IDH mutation, the use of IDH inhibitors, either alone or in combination with Ven-HMA, can be considered. Pre-transplant clearance of excess blasts is desired but not mandated; in this regard, additional salvage chemotherapy is more likely to compromise transplant eligibility rather than improve post-transplant survival. Controlled studies are needed to determine the optimal pre- and post-transplant measures that target transplant-associated morbidity and post-transplant relapse.
Exposure to benzene and other hydrocarbons and risk of bladder cancer among male offshore petroleum workers
Authors: Shala Nita K. , Stenehjem Jo S. , Babigumira Ronnie , Liu Fei-Chih , Berge Leon A. M. , Silverman Debra T. , Friesen Melissa C. , Rothman Nathaniel , Lan Qing , Hosgood H. Dean , Samuelsen Sven O. , Bråtveit Magne , Kirkeleit Jorunn , Andreassen Bettina K. , Veierød Marit B. , Grimsrud Tom K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundOccupational exposures constitute the second leading cause of urinary bladder cancer after tobacco smoking. Increased risks have been found in the petroleum industry, but high-quality exposure data are needed to explain these observations.MethodsUsing a prospective case-cohort design, we analysed 189 bladder cancer cases (1999–2017) and 2065 randomly drawn non-cases from the Norwegian Offshore Petroleum Workers cohort. Cases were identified in the Cancer Registry of Norway, while work histories (1965–1998) and lifestyle factors were recorded by questionnaire at baseline (1998). Occupational petroleum-related hydrocarbon exposures were assessed by expert-developed job-exposure matrices. Hazard ratios were estimated by weighted Cox-regressions, adjusted for age, tobacco smoking, education, and year of first employment, and with lagged exposures.ResultsIncreased risks were found in benzene-exposed workers, either long-term exposure (≥18.8 years, HR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.14–3.13;p-trend = 0.044) or high-level cumulative benzene exposure (HR = 1.60, 95% CI: 0.97–2.63;p-trend = 0.065), compared with the unexposed. Associations persisted with 20-year exposure lag. No associations were found with skin or inhalation exposure to crude oil, mineral oil (lubrication, hydraulics, turbines, drilling), or diesel exhaust.ConclusionsThe results suggest that exposures in the benzene fraction of the petroleum stream may be associated with increased bladder cancer risk.
Re-evaluation and re-analysis of 152 research exomes five years after the initial report reveals clinically relevant changes in 18%
Authors: Bartolomaeus Tobias , Hentschel Julia , Jamra Rami Abou , Popp Bernt 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIterative re-analysis of NGS results is not well investigated for published research cohorts of rare diseases. We revisited a cohort of 152 consanguineous families with developmental disorders (NDD) reported five years ago. We re-evaluated all reported variants according to diagnostic classification guidelines or our candidate gene scoring system (AutoCaSc) and systematically scored the validity of gene-disease associations (GDA). Sequencing data was re-processed using an up-to-date pipeline for case-level re-analysis. In 28/152 (18%) families, we identified a clinically relevant change. Ten previously reported (likely) pathogenic variants were re-classified as VUS/benign. In one case, the GDA (TSEN15) validity was judged as limited, and in five cases GDAs are meanwhile established. We identified 12 new disease causing variants. Two previously reported variants were missed by our updated pipeline due to alignment or reference issues. Our results support the need to re-evaluate screening studies, not only the negative cases but including supposedly solved ones. This also applies in a diagnostic setting. We highlight that the complexity of computational re-analysis for old data should be weighed against the decreasing re-testing costs. Since extensive re-analysis per case is beyond the resources of most institutions, we recommend a screening procedure that would quickly identify the majority (83%) of new variants.
Phase intensity nanoscope (PINE) opens long-time investigation windows of living matter
Authors: Cui Guangjie , Liu Yunbo , Zu Di , Zhao Xintao , Zhang Zhijia , Kim Do Young , Senaratne Pramith , Fox Aaron , Sept David , Park Younggeun , Lee Somin Eunice 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFundamental to all living organisms and living soft matter are emergent processes in which the reorganization of individual constituents at the nanoscale drives group-level movements and shape changes at the macroscale over time. However, light-induced degradation of fluorophores, photobleaching, is a significant problem in extended bioimaging in life science. Here, we report opening a long-time investigation window by nonbleaching phase intensity nanoscope: PINE. We accomplish phase-intensity separation such that nanoprobe distributions are distinguished by an integrated phase-intensity multilayer thin film (polyvinyl alcohol/liquid crystal). We overcame a physical limit to resolve sub-10 nm cellular architectures, and achieve the first dynamic imaging of nanoscopic reorganization over 250 h using PINE. We discover nanoscopic rearrangements synchronized with the emergence of group-level movements and shape changes at the macroscale according to a set of interaction rules with importance in cellular and soft matter reorganization, self-organization, and pattern formation.