bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-distance modal power equalization with hybrid pumped FM-EDFA
Authors: Xu Wenxuan , Pei Li , Wang Jianshuai , Bai Bing , Zheng Jingjing , Li Jing , Ning Tigang , He Ruisi 
Published: March 2023

In a few-mode fiber-based mode division multiplexing system, the different modes as distinct channels suffer from discrepant mode-dependent loss, leading to an intensive channel power imbalance and large bit error. The few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier (FM-EDFA) enables mode power regulation to ensure high-quality long-distance transmission. In this paper, we propose an FM-EDFA for long-haul equalization with a core and cladding hybrid pump structure. The particle swarm optimization is applied to determine the multilayered erbium ions doping profile. Based on the profile, targeted compensation for high-order modes with high loss is realized to mitigate the power difference in long-distance transmission. Compared with the single pump selection, the differential modal gain reduces from 6.553 dB to 1.239 dB in the hybrid pump with a 1000 km multistage amplification and transmission. We provide new ideas for loss compensation and power balance in long-distance transmission. This method has the ability of dynamic power adjustment while keeping the design simple.
Structure Formation Processes During Explosive Welding of Copper and Molybdenum: A Research Study
Authors: Shalaev P.O. , Kveglis L.I. , Noskov F.M. , Fadeev T.V. 
Published: March 2023

The present study investigates samples of Cu-Mo composite material produced through explosive welding. The microhardness of these samples is measured and their structures are analyzed using optical and electron microscopy methods. Copper and molybdenum regions are mapped at the Cu-Mo boundary. The analysis reveals a complex fractal line and dark areas at this boundary, indicating the formation of a new phase.
Microhardness measurements indicate that the hardness of both copper and molybdenum increases in comparison to standard values for annealed samples of copper and molybdenum, respectively. Furthermore, the hardness of molybdenum increases at the interface with copper, which may also suggest the formation of a new phase.
The electron microscopy analysis and mapping of copper and molybdenum regions at the Cu-Mo interface confirm the presence of a new phase, which is referred to as "forced eutectic." This is because copper and molybdenum do not typically form solid solutions, eutectics, or intermetallic compounds under equilibrium conditions. The new phase exists only under nonequilibrium conditions.
A critical examination of policies and practices impacting the education of unaccompanied immigrant children in the United States
Authors: López Ruth M. , Giraldo-Santiago Natalia 
Published: March 2023

Beginning in 2014, increasing numbers of unaccompanied immigrant children (UIC) arrived and were apprehended at the United States-Mexico border. These children were fleeing violence, poverty, environmental disasters, as well as state-sanctioned violence and political instability influenced by interventions and support from the U.S. government spanning several decades. The purpose of this article was to examine the factors that shape the educational experiences of UIC in the United States during and after detention. The following questions guided this analysis: (1) What policies and practices impact the education of apprehended UIC in the United States? (2) What are the conditions formerly apprehended UIC encounter in schools? A review of the literature between 2000 and 2022 was conducted, including peer-reviewed articles, commentaries, legal documents, and news articles. The literature raises concerns about the quality, effectiveness, and availability of academic resources for these children. This review demonstrates the need for additional research and policy changes aimed at improving the educational conditions of UIC in shelters and communities after reunification, and it offers recommendations to school districts, policymakers, and researchers on how to best address the academic and non-academic needs of formerly apprehended UIC in the United States.
An effective method for real-time estimation of slope stability with numerical back analysis based on particle swarm optimization
Authors: Zou Jiaqiang , Chen Hao , Jiang Yu , Zhang Wei , Liu Aihua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to provide an effective approach to evaluate slope stability in real-time in a reservoir area, which is significant for carrying out risk management for landslide disaster prevention in various engineering practices. A comprehensive idea for stability estimation of bank slope under the influence of rainfall or the reservoir water level is presented in this work. Slope stability analysis and back analysis of soil parameters are both included based on numerical simulation. The mechanical parameters of the bank slope were first back-analyzed using particle swarm optimization (PSO), and real-time stability analysis with high accuracy and efficiency was then established based on multiple continuously monitored displacements. Two case studies were carried out in this study. The results show that (1) based on the real-time monitored displacement and numerical simulation, the mechanical parameters of the slope can be reasonably retrieved through PSO; and (2) based on the inverse mechanical parameters, the safety factors of the slope can be numerically obtained, so that the real-time estimation of slope stability can be realized.
Elements of Country: a First Nations-first approach to chemistry
Authors: Masters Anthony , Greenfield Peta , Davison Cameron , Evans Janelle G. , Motion Alice , Barrett Jennifer , Troy Jakelin , Constantine Kate , Jackson Pulver Lisa Rae 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCollectively, we have chosen to explore an Australian First Nations-first approach to understanding the chemical elements. We believe that engagement with cultural heritage, ongoing cultures, and the knowledges ofthis place—the lands on which we work, live, and study—will lead to new ways of understanding the elements and change the way we practice chemistry. The “First Nations first” phrase and approach comes from understanding the unique place that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have in the Australian context. In this paper we explore how a First Nations-first approach could take place in Sydney on Aboriginal lands. This approach is led by Aboriginal people, engages with culture, and is produced with local knowledge holders. So far, the work has entailed two years of meeting, conversing, and sharing space to determine appropriate ways of working together, interrogating the complexities of the ideas, and to refining our approach to the work. To appreciate the significant shift that a First Nations-first approach represents for chemistry, we consider the legacy of the Periodic Table. We share some reflections on how Indigenous knowledges can contribute to an expanded chemistry curriculum through the recognition of productive cultural tension.
Family Firm Research Frontier
Authors: Danes Sharon M. , Zachary Ramona Kay , Balabram Elisa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The future study of the family firm calls for in-depth, precise conceptualizations, as well as multidisciplinary methodologies. The family firm is presented herein as a suprasystem that offers a full recognition and representation of its organizational and relational realities. Future family firm research must embrace these conceptualizations and build an unbiased parallel research suprasystem that enhances future research studies through demonstrating the interconnectedness and interdependentness of family, business, and family/business interface subsystems. Doing so will move the family firm and entrepreneurship disciplines toward creating a path to achieving a deeper and wider understanding of how family firm suprasystems emerge, develop, and sustain themselves overtime. Future researchers can meet these challenging opportunities with appropriate conceptualizations and methodologies.
Generalized Cauchy–Riemann equations in non-identity bases with application to the algebrizability of vector fields
Authors: Avila Julio Cesar , Frías-Armenta Martín Eduardo , López-González Elifalet 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We complete the work done by James A. Ward in the mid-twentieth century on a system of partial differential equations that defines an algebra

𝔸

{\mathbb{A}}

for which this system is the generalized Cauchy–Riemann equations for the derivative introduced by Sheffers at the end of the nineteenth century with respect to

𝔸

{\mathbb{A}}

, which is also known as the Lorch derivative with respect to

𝔸

{\mathbb{A}}

, and recently simply called

𝔸

{\mathbb{A}}

-differentiability. We get a characterization of finite-dimensional algebras, which are associative commutative with unity.
The second cohomology spaces of 𝒦(1) with coefficients in the superspace of weighted densities and deformations of the superspace of symbols on S
1|1
Authors: Agrebaoui Boujemaâ , Basdouri Imed , Boujelben Maha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We explicitly describe the second cohomology of the Lie
superalgebra

𝒦
⁢

(
1
)

{\mathcal{K}(1)}

of contact vector fields on the
supercircle

S

1
|
1

{S^{1|1}}

with coefficients in the spaces of weighted
densities. We deduce the second cohomology of

𝒦
⁢

(
1
)

{\mathcal{K}(1)}

with coefficients in the Poisson algebra of pseudodifferential
symbols on

S

1
|
1

{S^{1|1}}

. We study formal deformations of the standard
embedding of

𝒦
⁢

(
1
)

{\mathcal{K}(1)}

into the Poisson superalgebra of
pseudodifferential symbols.
“Insistent as anesthetic”: difficult similes subserving the poetic context
Authors: Tartakovsky Roi , Shen Yeshayahu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Previous research has identified a type of nonstandard simile in which the ground is a non-salient feature of the source term (for example, the nonstandard hard as a lamp as opposed to the standard hard as a rock), and found this type to be common in poetry and much rarer in non-poetic discourse. Since these nonstandard similes entail a fundamental semantic breach and violation of a basic convention of the simile, how can their existence be explained? Here we claim that it is the poetic context itself, the poem within which these similes appear, which is the key to explaining their existence and their unique advantage. Through a series of poetic examples, including poems by Plath, Lee, and Rukeyser, we show how the semantic difficulty of the nonstandard simile serves the poem and fulfils various functions within it.
The efficient employment of the space division multiplexing technique with OADMs for more flexibility and scalability in optical systems
Authors: Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Ramkumar Govindaraj , Srinivasan Maratta Lakshmi Narasimman , Muppala Chiranjeevi , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Hossain Md. Amzad 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The optical add drop multiplexers (OADMs) to be modeled and analyzed depends up on the simulation variables are demonstrated. Transmitted power per channel variations are studied against both fiber length and number of transmitted channels at receiver bandwidth of 40 GHz and temperature of 25 °C. Received power from each channel variations are demonstrated against both fiber length and number of transmitted channels at receiver bandwidth of 40 GHz and temperature of 25 °C. The bit error rate variations are clarified against both fiber length and number of transmitted channels at receiver bandwidth of 40 GHz and temperature of 25 °C. The optical link map through fiber cable core is clarified. Total pulse broadening variations are illustrated against both fiber length and number of transmitted channels at receiver bandwidth of 40 GHz and temperature of 25 °C. The lighted signal/noise ratio variations are demonstrated against both receiver bandwidth and number of transmitted channels at transmission distance of 200 km and temperature of 25 °C. Channel capacity variations are also demonstrated against both receiver bandwidth and number of transmitted channels at transmission distance of 200 km and temperature of 25 °C.
Impact of omicron wave and associated control measures in Shanghai on health management and psychosocial well-being of patients with chronic conditions
Authors: Xu Zhimin , de Melo Ghisi Gabriela Lima , Liu Xia , Cui Lixian , Grace Sherry L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to investigate health management, well-being, and pandemic-related perspectives of chronic disease patients in the context of stringent measures, and associated correlates. A self-report survey was administered during the Omicron wave lockdown in Shanghai, China. Items from the Somatic Symptom Scale (SSS) and Symptom Checklist-90 were administered, as well as pandemic-related items. Overall, 1,775 patients (mostly married females with hypertension) were recruited through a community family physician group. Mean SSS scores were 36.1 ± 10.5/80, with 41.5% scoring in the elevated range (i.e., >36). In an adjusted model, being female, diagnosis of coronary artery disease and arrhythmia, perceived impact of pandemic on life, health condition, change to exercise routine, tolerance of control measures, as well as perception of future and control measures were significantly associated with greater distress. One-quarter perceived the pandemic had a permanent impact on their life, and 44.1% perceived at least a minor impact. One-third discontinued exercise due to the pandemic. While 47.6% stocked up on their medications before the lockdown, their supply was only enough for two weeks; 17.5% of participants discontinued use. Chief among their fears were inability to access healthcare (83.2%), and what they stated they most needed to manage their condition was medication access (65.6%). Since 2020 when we assessed a similar cohort, distress and perceived impact of the pandemic have worsened. Greater access to cardiac rehabilitation in China could address these issues.
Consumers’ attitudes toward refrigerated ready-to-eat meat and dairy foods
Authors: Gonçalves João Carlos , Guiné Raquel P. F. , Djekic Ilija , Smigic Nada 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The constant variation of people’s lifestyle has been linked to changes in people’s eating habits. The consumption of ready-to-eat (RTE) food products, such as fresh vegetables, salads, dairy, pre-cooked meat, or pre-cooked meals, has increased in all western countries. This study aims at characterization of the Portuguese consumers’ attitude toward chilled RTE meat and dairy foods consumption. The study was performed using a questionnaire survey disclosed through an internet platform. The sample consisted of 350 individuals, who voluntarily answered the questionnaire. The survey included questions to characterize the Portuguese purchase and food safety attitudes related to dairy and meat RTE food products. The questionnaire also included questions for the sociodemographic characterization of the sample involved. According to the results, it is not clear to the customers as which is the safer refrigerated RTE food selling format, pre-packed or foods on request. The participants consider refrigerated RTE dairy and meat food products safer when purchased at the delicatessen department in the supermarket than those purchased at open markets or bazaars. With respect to the customers’ habits, they usually purchase RTE dairy or meat food products mainly from the supermarket, and in pre-packed format. Globally, the results reveal that Portuguese consumers are conscious and follow assertive attitudes toward food safety, contributing to maintain the refrigerated food chain, even when they take the product home.
Transferrin receptor is necessary for proper oligodendrocyte iron homeostasis and development
Authors: Cheli VT , Santiago González DA , Wan R , Rosenblum SL , Denaroso GE , Angeliu CG , Smith Z , Wang C , Paez PM 
Published: March 2023

To test the hypothesis that the transferrin (Tf) cycle has unique importance for oligodendrocyte development and function, we disrupted the expression of the Tf receptor (Tfr) gene in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) on mice of either sex using theCre/loxsystem. This ablation results in the elimination of iron incorporation via the Tf cycle but leaves other Tf functions intact. Mice lacking Tfr, specifically in NG2 or Sox10-positive OPCs, developed a hypomyelination phenotype. Both OPCs differentiation and myelination were affected, and Tfr deletion resulted in impaired OPC iron absorption. Specifically, the brains of Tfr cKO animals presented a reduction in the quantity of myelinated axons, as well as fewer mature oligodendrocytes. In contrast, the ablation of Tfr in adult mice affected neither mature oligodendrocytes nor myelin synthesis. RNA-seq analysis performed in Tfr cKO OPCs revealed misregulated genes involved in OPC maturation, myelination, and mitochondrial activity. Tfr deletion in cortical OPCs also disrupted the activity of the mTORC1 signaling pathway, epigenetic mechanisms critical for gene transcription and the expression of structural mitochondrial genes. RNA-seq studies were additionally conducted in OPCs in which iron storage was disrupted by deleting the ferritin heavy chain. These OPCs display abnormal regulation of genes associated with iron transport, antioxidant activity, and mitochondrial activity. Thus, our results indicate that the Tf cycle is central for iron homeostasis in OPCs during postnatal development and suggest that both iron uptake via Tfr and iron storage in ferritin are critical for energy production, mitochondrial activity, and maturation of postnatal OPCs.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT:By knocking-out transferrin receptor (Tfr) specifically in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) we have established that iron incorporation via the Tf cycle is key for OPC iron homeostasis and for the normal function of these cells during the postnatal development of the CNS. Moreover, RNA-seq analysis indicated that both Tfr iron uptake and ferritin iron storage are critical for proper OPC mitochondrial activity, energy production, and maturation.
The Southern Picturesque: Visions of the New and Old South in the Lower Mississippi River Valley
Authors: Norwood Bryan E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This essay examines the southern picturesque, an architectural vision of the Old South formulated in the 1910s through 1930s in the Lower Mississippi River valley. This vision offered an oblique approach to the plantation big house that evoked a mythical antebellum past, presenting this fulcrum of chattel slavery and resource extraction as an image of leisurely natural order where climate assumed primary importance in the shaping of architectural form. Drawings and texts composed by architect and Tulane University professor Nathaniel Curtis, architect-artist William Spratling, and writer Natalie Scott participated in this maudlin display of the Old South. As this article argues, their work represented a kind of partially uprooted modernism that was in fact made possible by the expansion of the oil industry into the very same environment celebrated by the southern picturesque for its agrarian, nonindustrial authenticity.
Molecular and cognitive signatures of ageing partially restored through synthetic delivery of IL2 to the brain
Authors: Lemaitre Pierre , Tareen Samar HK , Pasciuto Emanuela , Mascali Loriana , Martirosyan Araks , Callaerts‐Vegh Zsuzsanna , Poovathingal Suresh , Dooley James , Holt Matthew G , Yshii Lidia , Liston Adrian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCognitive decline is a common pathological outcome during aging, with an ill‐defined molecular and cellular basis. In recent years, the concept of inflammaging, defined as a low‐grade inflammation increasing with age, has emerged. Infiltrating T cells accumulate in the brain with age and may contribute to the amplification of inflammatory cascades and disruptions to the neurogenic niche observed with age. Recently, a small resident population of regulatory T cells has been identified in the brain, and the capacity of IL2‐mediated expansion of this population to counter neuroinflammatory disease has been demonstrated. Here, we test a brain‐specific IL2 delivery system for the prevention of neurological decline in aging mice. We identify the molecular hallmarks of aging in the brain glial compartments and identify partial restoration of this signature through IL2 treatment. At a behavioral level, brain IL2 delivery prevented the age‐induced defect in spatial learning, without improving the general decline in motor skill or arousal. These results identify immune modulation as a potential path to preserving cognitive function for healthy aging.
Metastatic follicular thyroid cancer with a longstanding responsiveness to gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin
Authors: Dias Daniela , Damásio Inês , Marques Pedro , Simões Helder , Rodrigues Ricardo , Cavaco Branca Maria , Leite Valeriano 
Published: March 2023

Background
Treatment of advanced follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is based primarily on indirect evidence obtained with multikinase inhibitors (MKI) in clinical trials in which papillary carcinomas represent the vast majority of cases. However, it should be noted that MKI have a non-negligible toxicity that may decrease the patient’s quality of life. Conventional chemotherapy with GEMOX (gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin) is an off-label therapy, which seems to have some effectiveness in advanced differentiated thyroid carcinomas, with a good safety profile, although further studies are needed.

Case report
We report a case of a metastatic FTC, resistant to several lines of therapy. However, with a durable response to GEMOX, the overall survival of our patient appears to have been extended significantly due to this chemotherapy.

Conclusion
GEMOX may have a role in patients with thyroid cancer unresponsive to MKI.
Experimental characterisation of flexural bond behaviour in brick masonry
Authors: Gaggero Maria B. , Esposito Rita 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe brick-to-mortar bond often represents the weakest link leading to cracking and failure of masonry structures. For this reason, the in-situ characterization of masonry’s flexural bond behaviour (here defined as flexural bond strength and flexural bond fracture energy), is essential for the assessment of existing buildings. Among masonry bond properties, the flexural bond strength is commonly determined on-site, given the minimal invasiveness of the so-called bond wrench test. However, often the reliability of the results is questioned inputting their large variability to the operator. The present study discharges this assumption by comparing the accuracy of various testing set-ups (manually-operated vs computer-controlled set-ups). Additionally, the influence of the specimen’s type (with/without head joints and couplets vs wallet) on the flexural bond strength assessment is studied providing preliminary correlation factors that can be of help for the in-situ measurement on single-wythe masonry. In addition, to obtain a complete description of the bond behaviour, a new test set-up able to determine the post-peak response is presented. Considerations regarding the dissipated bond fracture energy and its relation to the tensile fracture energy are provided with the support of literature data.