bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The COVID-19 Effects and the Development Process of Lanzo Valleys in a Metro-Mountain Perspective
Authors: Corrado Federica , Durbiano Erwin , Negrini Gabriella 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring the last century, the close relationship between the Lanzo valleys and the Turin conurbation has declined differently because of the specific local resources, networks, and the dominant development model, starting with the historic holiday resort of the Turin upper class up to the industrialization of the lower valley, linked to Turin industry and currently in crisis. Recent projects, carried out by the local community, however, testify to the desire for a new dynamism through innovative experiences that look beyond the traditional activities, as testified by the selection of this area in the first phase of the National Strategy for Internal Areas (SNAI). These dynamics have accelerated in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic which has further re-evaluated the role and importance of some local assets that have favoured the spread of a different model of living characterized by a temporary residency that positively exploits the qualities of an urban-mountain environment. On the other hand, there was a rediscovery of a different tourism, linked to places, history, and nature. This contribution deepens the evolution of these dynamics, focusing on the entire metropolitan-mountain area and on specific municipalities through qualitative-quantitative analyses to evaluate the effects both in the short and long-term allowing to establish which are, in the near future, the permanent assets on which to focus attention to trigger a leverage effect and which ones can be considered as temporary conditions that run out in a short time.
Analysis of Hydrogeological Risks Related to Climate Change: Testing the ClimeApp Assessment Tool on the Torino Nord Homogenous Zone
Authors: Pede Elena , Scalas Mattia , Staricco Luca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe current changes in temperatures and precipitations can lead to increased frequency and magnitude of natural hazards such as floods, resulting in forthcoming losses of life and damages to private and public properties. This paper presents an applied hydrogeological risk assessment methodology developed as part of an interdisciplinary European project between France and Italy (Interreg Alcotra ARTACLIM). A practical framework is proposed to assess the risk for urban settlements and infrastructural assets at a sub-regional level, within one of the 11 homogeneous zones of the Turin Metropolitan City, the “Torino Nord” Homogeneous Area of Pinerolo (ZOP). Based on the most reliable guidelines of institutions and organizations such as IPCC, United Nations, Covenant of Mayors for Climate & Energy EUROPE, the methodology here presented identifies risks related to climate change as a function of hazard (H), exposure (E) and vulnerability (V) factors, the latter one being in turn a function of sensitivity (S) and adaptive capacity (AC). Each factor is operationalized through specific indicators. The results of the analysis generate a geo-localized risk score that can be used to support urban planners and local policymakers to prioritize the adaptation measures required for reducing hydrogeological damages related to climate change.
Spatially random disorder in unitary fermion system in (4 − ϵ)-dimensions and effective action at finite temperature
Authors: Gupta Rajesh Kumar , Meenu  
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Non-relativistic conformal field theory is significant to understand various aspects of an ultra-cold system. In this paper, we study a non-relativistic system of two-component fermions interacting with a complex boson with Yukawa-like interactions near d = 4-spatial dimensions in the presence of a quenched disorder. The homogeneous theory flows to an interacting fixed point describing a unitary fermion system. In the presence of the disorder, we find that the system has an interesting phase structure in the space of the coupling constants and exhibits an interacting disorder fixed point in ϵ-expansion. The correlation function obeys Lifshitz scaling behaviour at the disorder fixed point with the anisotropic exponent being z = 2 + γE. We also study the disorder system at finite temperature and compute the leading contribution to the 1PI effective action.
Holographic thermal correlators: a tale of Fuchsian ODEs and integration contours
Authors: Loganayagam R. , Rangamani Mukund , Virrueta Julio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We analyze real-time thermal correlation functions of conserved currents in holographic field theories using the grSK geometry, which provides a contour prescription for their evaluation. We demonstrate its efficacy, arguing that there are situations involving components of conserved currents, or derivative interactions, where such a prescription is, in fact, essential. To this end, we first undertake a careful analysis of the linearized wave equations in AdS black hole backgrounds and identify the branch points of the solutions as a function of (complexified) frequency and momentum. All the equations we study are Fuchsian with only regular singular points that for the most part are associated with the geometric features of the background. Special features, e.g., the appearance of apparent singular points at the horizon, whence outgoing solutions end up being analytic, arise at higher codimension loci in parameter space. Using the grSK geometry, we demonstrate that these apparent singularities do not correspond to any interesting physical features in higher-point functions. We also argue that the Schwinger-Keldysh collapse and KMS conditions, implemented by the grSK geometry, continue to hold even in the presence of such singularities. For charged black holes above a critical charge, we furthermore demonstrate that the energy density operator does not possess an exponentially growing mode, associated with ‘pole-skipping’, from one such apparent singularity. Our analysis suggests that the connection between the scrambling physics of black holes and energy transport has, at best, a limited domain of validity.
Intragraft immune cells: accomplices or antagonists of recipient-derived macrophages in allograft fibrosis?
Authors: Li Xiaoping , Wu Jing , Zhu Shan , Wei Qiuyu , Wang Liyan , Chen Jingtao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrgan fibrosis caused by chronic allograft rejection is a major concern in the field of transplantation. Macrophage-to-myofibroblast transition plays a critical role in chronic allograft fibrosis. Adaptive immune cells (such as B and CD4+ T cells) and innate immune cells (such as neutrophils and innate lymphoid cells) participate in the occurrence of recipient-derived macrophages transformed to myofibroblasts by secreting cytokines, which eventually leads to fibrosis of the transplanted organ. This review provides an update on the latest progress in understanding the plasticity of recipient-derived macrophages in chronic allograft rejection. We discuss here the immune mechanisms of allograft fibrosis and review the reaction of immune cells in allograft. The interactions between immune cells and the process of myofibroblast formulation are being considered for the potential therapeutic targets of chronic allograft fibrosis. Therefore, research on this topic seems to provide novel clues for developing strategies for preventing and treating allograft fibrosis.
Wallace–Simson Theorem on Four Lines Parallel to a Plane
Authors: Blažek Jiří , Pech Pavel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe impulse to study this topic came from a variant of the Wallace-Simson theorem, which deals with the locus of the point P such that the points that are symmetric to P with respect to three lines in the plane are collinear. A 3D generalization can be as follows: Given four straight lines which are parallel to a plane. Determine the locus of the point P such that points that are symmetric to P with respect to these four lines are coplanar. Surprisingly, the locus of P is a cylinder of revolution with the axis which is perpendicular to the fixed plane. Moreover, all planes given by points that are symmetric with an arbitrary point P of the locus with respect to the given four lines pass through a fixed line f. While in the planar version the fixed element is the orthocenter of the triangle given by the three lines, the role of the fixed line f with respect to the four given lines is not obvious.
Acupressure versus NSAID for relief of orthodontic pain
Authors: Elshehaby Moataz , Ali Tawfik Marwa , Montasser Mona A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aim
To compare ibuprofen and acupressure for pain relief after insertion of elastomeric orthodontic separators.

Materials and methods
A randomized control clinical trial was conducted in an orthodontic clinic. A total of 75 orthodontic patients aged 12–16 years participating in the study were randomly allocated to receive either 400 mg of oral ibuprofen, applying acupressure therapy, or no pain-relief approach. Pain scores were recorded on visual analog scales (10 cm) over a week at different times (4, 10, 18, 24 h, and 1 week). The margin of equivalence was defined as 10 mm.

Results
For all timepoints, the control group recorded the highest pain. For the ibuprofen and acupressure group, after 4 h, 18 h, and 1 week, no significant difference was noted. However, after 10 h, no significant difference in pain between the control and acupressure groups was noted and the ibuprofen group showed significantly lower pain. In the acupressure group, the highest pain was noted at 10 h. After this timepoint, pain progressively decreased with time and the lowest pain was noted after 1 week. In the control and ibuprofen groups, the highest pain was after 4 h, and then progressively decreased with time and the lowest pain was noted after 1 week.

Conclusions
There was no significant difference in pain perception between participants using ibuprofen or acupressure and both groups recorded significantly lower pain than the control group at most of the observed timepoints. Results support the analgesic effect of the acupressure approach.
COVID-19-bezogene Selbststigmatisierung: Zusammenhang mit Vulnerabilität und Vertrauen in Institutionen
Authors: Reibling Nadine , Linden Philipp , Schneider Torsten 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Selbststigmatisierung kann im Rahmen von Infektionskrankheiten eine psychosoziale Belastung darstellen und die Bereitschaft, Infektionsschutzmaßnahmen einzuhalten, reduzieren. In dieser Studie wird erstmalig untersucht, wie COVID-19-bezogene Selbststigmatisierung in Deutschland in Gruppen mit unterschiedlicher sozialer und medizinischer Vulnerabilität ausgeprägt war.

Methoden
Datengrundlage bildet eine webbasierte Befragung (CAWI: Computer Assisted Web Interview), die während der COVID-19-Pandemie im Winter 2020/2021 durchgeführt wurde. Die Quotenstichprobe (N = 2536) ist repräsentativ für die deutsche Erwachsenenbevölkerung hinsichtlich zentraler soziodemografischer Merkmale (Geschlecht, Alter, Bildung, Wohnort). Zur Operationalisierung der COVID-19-bezogenen Selbststigmatisierung wurde eine selbst entwickelte Skala verwendet. Außerdem wurden Daten zur medizinischen und sozialen Vulnerabilität sowie zum Vertrauen in Institutionen erhoben. Die Auswertung erfolgte mittels deskriptiver Statistiken und multipler OLS-Regressionen (engl. Ordinary Least Squares).

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt liegt die durchschnittliche Selbststigmatisierung leicht über dem Skalenmittelwert. Während hinsichtlich sozial vulnerabler Gruppen nur Frauen eine erhöhte Selbststigmatisierung angeben, weisen Personen mit medizinischer Vulnerabilität (hohe Infektionswahrscheinlichkeit, schlechter Gesundheitszustand, Zugehörigkeit zur Risikogruppe) signifikant höhere Werte auf. Ein höheres Vertrauen in Institutionen ist mit stärkerer Selbststigmatisierung assoziiert.

Diskussion
Stigmatisierung sollte in Pandemien regelmäßig monitort und für Kommunikationsmaßnahmen berücksichtigt werden. Es ist wichtig, auf weniger stigmatisierende Formulierungen zu achten und auf Risiken hinzuweisen, ohne Risikogruppen zu definieren.
The struggle for the social: rejecting the false separation of 'social' worlds in mental health spaces
Authors: Burgess Rochelle A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHow are we to best grapple with the notion of the Social in mental health landscapes? This piece of speculative work explores a series of tensions that emerge in our attempt to contemplate, engage with, and address the social in mental health spaces. First, I will explore the tensions created by disciplinary demands for specialisation, questioning the value of this with regard to treating social and emotional bodies which continually reject such fragmentation. This line of inquiry then leads to reflection on the value of a social topology—enabled through the application of intersectionality principles, Black Sociological analytical frameworks, including the worldview approach, and societal psychological perspectives on knowledge and action. I argue the possibilities in actioning these approaches emerge through the application of a social-political economy of mental health, that holds the complexity presented by the totality of social life as it potentially relates to mental health. The piece seeks to advance a space of thinking on how we transition global mental health projects to be more effectively situated in a needed commitment for social justice as a remedy and repair to broken social worlds.
Blood flow restriction training in the pre- and postoperative phases of joint surgery
Authors: Franz A. , Praetorius A. , Raeder C. , Hirschmüller A. , Behringer M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrthopedic patients are frequently affected by temporary phases of immobility during the course of traumatic/degenerative joint diseases and particularly after joint surgery. These phases are usually accompanied by a significant loss of muscle mass and strength. However, since the patients’ load capacity is usually reduced, physicians and physiotherapists are often faced with the dilemma of not being able to offer an adequate therapeutic strategy for muscle preservation or early muscle building, since the high mechanical loads required for this in the training process are usually not feasible or even contraindicated for a certain period of time. In recent years, a training technique originating from sports science, called blood flow restriction (BFR) training, has increasingly been used in preoperative therapy or for rehabilitation. As the BFR method uses special blood pressure cuffs to occlude venous outflow from the exercising limb during exclusively low mechanical load strength training, the significant effects of muscle hypertrophy demonstrated by this method are of greatest interest to rehabilitation research. This article focuses on the training technique, the underlying mechanisms and potential risks, as well as integration of the technique into the clinical rehabilitation process based on existing data. Furthermore, this article provides the basis for a future consensus paper to validate the usability and effectiveness of BFR training in the conservative and rehabilitative therapeutic phases of joint surgery.
Antidepressant effects of novel positive allosteric modulators of Trk-receptor mediated signaling – a potential therapeutic concept?
Authors: Madjid Nather , Lidell Veronica , Nordvall Gunnar , Lindskog Maria , Ögren Sven-Ove , Forsell Pontus , Sandin Johan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is defined as a complex mental disorder which is characterized by a pervasive low mood and aversion to activity. Several types of neurotransmitter systems e.g. serotonergic, glutamatergic and noradrenergic systems have been suggested to play an important role in the origination of depression, but neurotrophins such as brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have also been implicated in the disease process.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a newly developed class of molecules, characterized as positive allosteric modulators of neurotrophin/Trk receptor mediated signaling (Trk-PAM), on neurotransmitter release and depression-like behavior in vivo.

Methods
The effect of and possible interaction of neurotrophin/Trk signaling pathways with serotonergic and glutamatergic systems in the modulation of depression-related responses was studied using newly developed Trk-PAM compounds (ACD855, ACD856 and AC26845), as well as ketamine and fluoxetine in the forced swim test (FST) in rodents. Moreover, in vivo microdialysis in freely moving rats was used to assess changes in neurotransmitter levels in the rat.

Results
The results from the study show that several different compounds, which all potentiate Trk-receptor mediated signaling, display antidepressant-like activity in the FST. Moreover, the data also indicate that the effects of both fluoxetine and ketamine in the FST, both used in clinical practice, are
mediated via BDNF/TrkB signaling, which could have implications for novel therapies in MDD.

Conclusions
Trk-PAMs could provide an interesting avenue for the development of novel therapeutics in this area.
An arithmetic valuative criterion for proper maps of tame algebraic stacks
Authors: Bresciani Giulio , Vistoli Angelo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe valuative criterion for proper maps of schemes has many applications in arithmetic, e.g. specializing $$\mathbb {Q}_{p}$$

Q
p

-points to $$\mathbb {F}_{p}$$

F
p

-points. For algebraic stacks, the usual valuative criterion for proper maps is ill-suited for these kind of arguments, since it only gives a specialization point defined over an extension of the residue field, e.g. a $$\mathbb {Q}_{p}$$

Q
p

-point will specialize to an $$\mathbb {F}_{p^{n}}$$

F

p
n

-point for some n. We give a new valuative criterion for proper maps of tame stacks which solves this problem and is well-suited for arithmetic applications. As a consequence, we prove that the Lang–Nishimura theorem holds for tame stacks.
Role of zinc in bulk precipitation from the steaming process of potable water
Authors: Al-Gailani Amthal , Taylor Martin J. , Barker Richard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWater chemistry plays an important role in fouling kinetics and morphology. This work investigates the influence of zinc cations in potable water, specifically the kinetics of crystallisation and their effect on the fouling layer during the operation of a batch steam generator system and a once-through flow system. The kinetics of precipitation in the batch crystalliser were examined based on the change in concentration of the foulants, while the fouling resistance approach was used in the flow system. In addition, morphological testing was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Powder X-ray Diffraction, and Energy dispersive X-ray. The findings showed that the precipitation rate of calcium carbonate decreases with the increase in zinc ions until reaching the zinc carbonate supersaturation in the water due to water evaporation. Regarding morphology, co-precipitation of zinc carbonate was observed at high zinc concentrations. As a result, a double effect was observed where zinc both retarded and enhanced fouling over time. The fouling rate in the flow system decreased as the zinc concentration increased. Zinc ions were found to influence the morphology of deposit minerals significantly. Moreover, the surface deposition of zinc salts increased with the solution content of zinc.
The EANM guideline on radioiodine therapy of benign thyroid disease
Authors: Campennì Alfredo , Avram Anca M. , Verburg Frederik A. , Iakovou Ioannis , Hänscheid Heribert , de Keizer Bart , Petranović Ovčariček Petra , Giovanella Luca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis document provides the new EANM guideline on radioiodine therapy of benign thyroid disease. Its aim is to guide nuclear medicine physicians, endocrinologists, and practitioners in the selection of patients for radioiodine therapy. Its recommendations on patients’ preparation, empiric and dosimetric therapeutic approaches, applied radioiodine activity, radiation protection requirements, and patients follow-up after administration of radioiodine therapy are extensively discussed.
The impact of high temperatures on bird responses to alarm calls
Authors: Cordonnier Marion , Ridley Amanda R. , Lengagne Thierry , Dutour Mylène 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Given the current pace of climate change, high temperature events will become increasingly frequent in many parts of the world. Predicting how high temperatures will impact the behavior of songbirds—highly sensitive to temperature change due to their tendency to be small in size, and to have high metabolic rates and diurnal habits—is therefore crucial and urgent. However, the behavioral impacts of high temperatures on acoustic communication in birds have rarely been studied. Responsiveness to antipredator signals is an important behavior to consider because failure to detect such signals could be lethal. We investigated whether, in great tits (Parus major), high temperatures would affect behavioral responses to playback of conspecific mobbing calls. We found a significant lag effect of temperature on how closely great tits would approach the playback speaker, with birds approaching less closely at higher temperatures. Further, we found that the emission of mobbing calls by great tits was affected by the current ambient temperature, with birds calling less at higher temperatures. The results suggest that at high temperatures, great tits change their tactic from active defense to less active response. High temperatures can thus induce behavioral shifts in great tits. In the current context of increasing average temperatures, such effect of temperature on response to vital indicators such as antipredator signals could impact survival when inducing greater risk of depredation.

Significance statement
Climate change is causing heatwaves to increase in number and intensity. High temperatures can reduce the ability of birds to respond to vocalizations. Here, we test if high temperatures affect the ability of great tits (Parus major) to respond to conspecific mobbing calls—these calls generally serve to mob a predator and to recruit conspecifics and heterospecifics to join the caller. At higher temperatures, great tits produce fewer mobbing vocalizations and approach the loudspeaker broadcasting mobbing calls less often.