bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The burden of sleep disordered breathing in infants with Down syndrome referred to tertiary sleep center
Authors: Cho Yeilim , Kwon Younghoon , Ruth Chris , Cheng Samuel , DelRosso Lourdes M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionChildren with Down Syndrome (DS) are at high risk of sleep disordered breathing (SDB). We aimed to examine the burden of SDB in infants with DS referred to tertiary sleep center.MethodsInfants (≤12 months old) with DS who underwent consecutive polysomnography (PSG) at a single academic sleep center over a 6‐year period were included. obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (obstructive apnea hypopnea index [oAHI]>1/hr), central sleep apnea (central apnea index > 5/h) and the presence of hypoventilation (% time spent with CO2 > 50 mmHg either by end‐tidal or transcutaneous> 25% of total sleep time) and hypoxemia (time spent with O2 saturation <88% >5 min) were ascertained.ResultsA total of 40 infants were included (Mean age 6.6 months, male 66%). PSGs consisted of diagnostic (n = 13) and split night (n = 27, 68%) studies. All met criteria for OSA with mean oAHI 34.6/h (32.3). Central sleep apnea was present in 11 (27.5%) of infants. A total of 11 (27.5%) had hypoxemia. Hypoventilation was present in 10 (25%) infants.ConclusionThis study highlights the high prevalence of SDB in infants with DS referred to a sleep center, and supports early PSG assessment in this patient population.
Utilization of genetic testing in men with advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Aguiar Jonathan A. , Li Eric V. , Siddiqui Mohammad R. , Soliman Moataz A. , Kumar Sai K. S. R. , Schaeffer Edward M. , Keeter Mary Kate , Brown C. Hendricks , Szymaniak Brittany M. , Ross Ashley E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundGenetic evaluation of men with advanced prostate cancer is recognized as imperative both to guide treatment decisions and to trigger cascade genetic testing of family members. Here we investigate utilization patterns of genetic testing among a contemporary cohort of men with advanced prostate cancer at our institution.MethodsWe queried the Northwestern Electronic Data Warehouse from January 2021 to present for all men diagnosed with National Comprehensive Cancer Network high‐risk/very high‐risk, regional, or metastatic prostate cancer. Patients were excluded from analyses if treated at an outside institution and/or presented for a second opinion evaluation. Statistics were performed using t‐test, Chi‐squared test, and univariable and multivariable logistic regression with significance defined as p < 0.05.ResultsAtotal of 320 men (52.5%) had local/regional disease and 290 (47.5%) had metastatic disease, 53 (18.3%) of whom had castrate resistant prostate cancer. Rates of germline genetic testing rate were low in patients with localized disease (9.4%) and metastatic disease (34.1%). Only 19 (35.8%) men diagnosed with metastatic castrate resistant prostate cancer underwent germline genetic evaluation. Germline testing was most frequently discussed or ordered by medical oncologists (52%) followed by urologists (20%). Men who underwent germline testing were younger (p < 0.001), more likely to have Medicaid or private insurance (p = 0.002), and more likely to have metastatic disease (p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in baseline PSA, ethnicity, race, or castration sensitivity status. Age (odds ratio [OR]: 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91–0.97, p < 0.001) and metastatic disease (OR: 5.71, 95% CI: 3.63–9.22, p < 0.001) were significant independent predictors of genetic testing on multivariable logistic regression.ConclusionsHere we report that utilization of genetic testing is associated with metastatic disease and inversely associated with age. Overall, utilization rates of genetic testing remain low in all patient groups, including in the metastatic castrate resistant setting, where genetic testing can identify patients with homologous recombination repair deficiency who may benefit from use of targeted therapeutics such as PARP inhibitors. Genetic testing in men with aggressive prostate cancer is critical and barriers to routine implementation of testing require further study to develop strategies to improve utilization rates.
An Adhesive Bioink toward Biofabrication under Wet Conditions
Authors: Li Wanlu , Wang Mian , Wang Shiwei , Wang Xiaoping , Avila Alan , Kuang Xiao , Mu Xuan , Garciamendez Carlos Ezio , Jiang Zewei , Manríquez Jennifer , Tang Guosheng , Guo Jie , Mille Luis Santiago , Robledo Juan Antonio , Wang Di , Cheng Feng , Li Hongbin , Flores Regina Sanchez , Zhao Zhibo , Delavaux Clément , Wang Zixuan , López Arturo , Yi Sili , Zhou Cuiping , Gómez Ameyalli , Schuurmans Carl , Yang Guo‐Yuan , Wang Yongting , Zhang Xingcai , Zhang Ximu , Zhang Yu Shrike 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting is driving significant innovations in biomedicine over recent years. Under certain scenarios such as in intraoperative bioprinting, the bioinks used should exhibit not only cyto/biocompatibility but also adhesiveness in wet conditions. Herein, an adhesive bioink composed of gelatin methacryloyl, gelatin, methacrylated hyaluronic acid, and skin secretion of Andrias davidianus is designed. The bioink exhibits favorable cohesion to allow faithful extrusion bioprinting in wet conditions, while simultaneously showing good adhesion to a variety of surfaces of different chemical properties, possibly achieved through the diverse bonds presented in the bioink formulation. As such, this bioink is able to fabricate sophisticated planar and volumetric constructs using extrusion bioprinting, where the dexterity is further enhanced using ergonomic handheld bioprinters to realize in situ bioprinting. In vitro experiments reveal that cells maintain high viability; further in vivo studies demonstrate good integration and immediate injury sealing. The characteristics of the bioink indicate its potential widespread utility in extrusion bioprinting and will likely broaden the applications of bioprinting toward situations such as in situ dressing and minimally invasive tissue regeneration.
Recent Advances in Electrochemical, Photochemical, and Photoelectrochemical Reduction of CO2 to C2+ Products
Authors: Han Gyeong Ho , Bang Junbeom , Park Gaeun , Choe Seonghyun , Jang Youn Jeong , Jang Ho Won , Kim Soo Young , Ahn Sang Hyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEnvironmental problems such as global warming are one of the most prominent global challenges. Researchers are investigating various methods for decreasing CO2 emissions. The CO2 reduction reaction via electrochemical, photochemical, and photoelectrochemical processes has been a popular research topic because the energy it requires can be sourced from renewable sources. The CO2 reduction reaction converts stable CO2 molecules into useful products such as CO, CH4, C2H4, and C2H5OH. To obtain economic benefits from these products, it is important to convert them into hydrocarbons above C2. Numerous investigations have demonstrated the uniqueness of the CC coupling reaction of Cu‐based catalysts for the conversion of CO2 into useful hydrocarbons above C2 for electrocatalysis. Herein, the principle of semiconductors for photocatalysis is briefly introduced, followed by a description of the obstacles for C2+ production. This review presents an overview of the mechanism of hydrocarbon formation above C2, along with advances in the improvement, direction, and comprehension of the CO2 reduction reaction via electrochemical, photochemical, and photoelectrochemical processes.
Plastic Deformation in a Molecular Crystal Enables a Piezoresistive Response
Authors: Hasija Avantika , Thompson Amy J. , Singh Lakhvir , S. N. Megha , Mangalampalli Kiran S. R. N. , McMurtrie John. C. , Bhattacharjee Mitradip , Clegg Jack K. , Chopra Deepak 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOrganic materials are promising candidates for the development of efficient sensors for many medicinal and materials science applications. Single crystals of a small molecule, 4‐trifluoromethyl phenyl isothiocyanate (4CFNCS), exhibit plastic deformation when bent, twisted, or coiled. Synchrotron micro‐focus X‐ray diffraction mapping of the bent region of the crystal confirms the mechanism of deformation. The crystals are incorporated into a flexible piezoresistive sensor using a composite constituting PEDOT: PSS/4CFNCS, which shows an impressive performance at high‐pressure ranges (sensitivity 0.08 kPa−1 above 44 kPa).
High‐Efficiency Carbon‐based CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells from Dual Direction Thermal Diffusion Treatment with Cadmium Halides
Authors: Qiu Xiaosong , Xu Yuan , Li Ruoshui , Jing Yu , Yan Zhongliang , Liu Fengli , Wu Liyu , Tu Yongsheng , Shi Jialiang , Du Zhenbo , Wu Jihuai , Lan Zhang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent years, carbon‐based CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted more attention due to their low cost and good stability. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of carbon‐based CsPbI2Br PSCs is still no more than 16%, because of the defects in CsPbI2Br or at the interface with the electron transport layer (ETL), as well as the energy level mismatch, which lead to the loss of energy, thus limiting PCE values. Herein, a series of cadmium halides are introduced, including CdCl2, CdBr2 and CdI2 for dual direction thermal diffusion treatment. Some Cd2+ ions thermally diffuse downward to passivate the defects inside or on the surface of SnO2 ETL. Meanwhile, the energy level structure of SnO2 ETL is adjusted, which is in favor of the transfer of electron carriers and blocking holes. On the other hand, part of Cd2+ and Cl− ions thermally diffuse upward into the CsPbI2Br lattice to passivate crystal defects. Through dual direction thermal diffusion treatment by CdCl2, CdI2 and CdBr2, the performance of devices has been significantly improved, and their PCE has been increased from 13.01% of the original device to 14.47%, 14.31%, and 13.46%, respectively. According to existing reports, 14.47% is one of the highest PCE of carbon‐based CsPbI2Br PSCs with SnO2 ETLs.
Ultrafast Charge and Long Life of High‐Voltage Cathodes for Dual‐Ion Batteries via a Bifunctional Interphase Nanolayer on Graphite Particles
Authors: Zhang Kejia , Li Decheng , Shao Jie , Jiang Yu , Lv Linze , Shi Qiang , Qu Qunting , Zheng Honghe 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDual‐ion batteries (DIBs) with Co/Ni‐free cathodes especially graphite cathodes are very attractive energy storage systems in the long run because of the cost effectiveness and sustainability. However, graphite cathodes severely suffer from poor structural stability during anions storage at high potentials owing to the oxidative decomposition of electrolytes and volume expansion. This work proposes an artificial cathode/electrolyte interphase (CEI) strategy by implanting polyphosphoric acid (PPA) nanofilms tightly on natural graphite (NG) particles via interfacial hydrogen bonding. The electrochemical results show that the PPA‐modified graphite cathodes possess enhanced charge–discharge reversibility, accelerated electrode reaction kinetic, decreased resistance, decelerated self‐discharge, and prolonged cycling life. Through post‐analyses on the cycled graphite cathodes, the improved performance is mainly attributed to the PPA‐based CEI, which effectively mitigates the electrolyte decomposition and protects the graphitic structure. More interestingly, the hydrogen bonding interactions between poly(vinyldifluoride) (PVDF) binder and PPA as validated through density functional theory calculations and practical experiments can increase the contact sites of PVDF chains on NG@PPA particles. Meanwhile, the cross‐linking effect of PPA can enhance the mechanical strength of PVDF, thus the long life of NG@PPA cathode is also correlated with the improved mechanical stability of the entire electrode.
In Situ Growth of Graphene Catalyzed by a Phase‐Change Material at 400 °C for Wafer‐Scale Optoelectronic Device Application
Authors: Hu Liangchen , Dong Yibo , Xie Yiyang , Qian Fengsong , Chang Pengying , Fan Mengqi , Deng Jun , Xu Chen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe use of metal foil catalysts in the chemical vapor deposition of graphene films makes graphene transfer an ineluctable part of graphene device fabrication, which greatly limits industrialization. Here, an oxide phase‐change material (V2O5) is found to have the same catalytic effect on graphene growth as conventional metals. A uniform large‐area graphene film can be obtained on a 10 nm V2O5 film. Density functional theory is used to quantitatively analyze the catalytic effect of V2O5. Due to the high resistance property of V2O5 at room temperature, the obtained graphene can be directly used in devices with V2O5 as an intercalation layer. A wafer‐scale graphene‐V2O5‐Si (GVS) Schottky photodetector array is successfully fabricated. When illuminated by a 792 nm laser, the responsivity of the photodetector can reach 266 mA W−1 at 0 V bias and 420 mA W−1 at 2 V. The transfer‐free device fabrication process enables high feasibility for industrialization.
Cheating your apps: Black‐box adversarial attacks on deep learning apps
Authors: Cao Hongchen , Li Shuai , Zhou Yuming , Fan Ming , Zhao Xuejiao , Tang Yutian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDeep learning is a powerful technique to boost application performance in various fields, including face recognition, image classification, natural language understanding, and recommendation system. With the rapid increase in the computing power of mobile devices, developers can embed deep learning models into their apps for building more competitive products with more accurate and faster responses. Although there are several works of adversarial attacks against deep learning models in apps, they all need information about the models' internals (i.e., structures and weights) or need to modify the models. In this paper, we propose an effective black‐box approach by training substitute models to spoof the deep learning systems inside the apps. We evaluate our approach on 10 real‐world deep‐learning apps from Google Play to perform black‐box adversarial attacks. Through the study, we find three factors that can affect the performance of attacks. Our approach can reach a relatively high attack success rate of 66.60% on average. Compared with other adversarial attacks on mobile deep learning models, in terms of the average attack success rates, our approach outperforms its counterparts by 27.63%.
Meso‐scale modeling of size effect on pure torsional failure of concrete‐filled steel tubular columns
Authors: Jin Liu , Wang Zhongshiyu , Zhu Huajie , Li Dong , Du Xiuli 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe mechanical properties of concrete‐filled steel tubular (CFST) columns with different sizes under torsional load were studied, aiming to further explore the pure torsional failure mechanism and size effect behavior of CFST columns. First, a 3D meso‐scale numerical model of CFST is established and compared with the existing experimental data. Second, the torsional failure mechanism of CFST column under different section sizes, constraints (confinement coefficient), and cross‐sectional shapes is considered. Results show that: (1) the nominal torsional strength of CFST columns presents a size effect, and the columns with square cross‐section present stronger size effect than the ones with circular shape; (2) with the increase of the confinement coefficient, the size effect of the nominal torsion strength is weakened. Finally, considering the quantitative influence of the size effect, a formula for calculating the pure torsional capacity of CFST columns was developed.
Using GPS location data to assess red fox responses to predator exclosure setup and hatching at shorebird nests
Authors: Black Kathleen M. , Karpanty Sarah M. , Robinson Samantha G. , Bellman Henrietta A. , Walker Katie M. , Catlin Daniel H. , Fraser James D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWire cages (i.e., predator exclosures) are frequently used to protect shorebird nests from predation. While exclosed nests often have higher survival than unexclosed nests, concerns exist over whether the conspicuous structures might draw attention of predators, potentially increasing risks to adults and newly‐hatched chicks. We present a new approach to investigating predator responses to exclosures and other stimuli at shorebird nests. We used location data from GPS‐collared red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) to examine short‐term spatial responses of foxes to exclosure setup and hatching at piping plover (Charadrius melodus) nests on Fire Island, New York. We compared mean distances between fox locations and piping plover nests, and the proportions of fox locations within a 100‐m buffer of nests, before and after exclosure setup and before, during, and after hatching. Mean distances from fox locations to nests were similar before versus after exclosure setup (x̄ = 641 m before, 675 m after; permutation test for matched pairs, [PTMP], T = 0.28, P = 0.56, n = 9 foxes), before versus during hatching (x̄ = 417 m before, 340 m during; PTMP, T = −0.93, P = 0.18, n = 5 foxes) and during versus after hatching (x̄ = 340 m during, 330 m after; PTMP, T = 1.00, P = 0.84, n = 5 foxes). The proportions of fox locations within 100‐m buffers surrounding nests were similar before versus after exclosure setup (x̄ = 0.01 before, 0.03 after; PTMP, T = 0.26, P = 0.53, n = 9 foxes), before versus during hatching (x̄ = 0.04 before, 0.15 during; PTMP, T = −1.44, P = 0.09, n = 5 foxes), and during versus after hatching (x̄ = 0.15 during, 0.14 after; PTMP, T = 0.84, P = 0.80, n = 5 foxes). In 10 of 19 of our individual‐level comparisons, there were no significant differences in the distances from fox locations to nests between paired event periods. In the other 9 individual‐level comparisons, we found evidence of shifts in fox space use between paired event periods, but no clear directional trend across individuals. We conclude that the foxes in our study did not appear to consistently key in on exclosure setup or hatching at piping plover nests at the spatial scales considered in our comparisons. We recommend that managers continually re‐evaluate the effects of exclosures at their management sites, as changes in nest predation, abandonment rates, and adult plover survival may all influence the relative benefit of exclosures for population growth. Our study illustrates the potential for using spatial data to investigate predator responses to various management actions taken to protect nesting shorebirds and other prey species of conservation interest.
Introduction: Vitalism and Its Legacies in Twentieth Century Life Sciences and Philosophy
Authors: Donohue Christopher , Wolfe Charles T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVitalism has spent most of the twentieth century, and part of the twenty-first, being perhaps the most misunderstood and reviled philosophy of life, with organicism being a close second (on the latter see (Martindale 2013), although some theorists seek to drive a wedge between the two in favor of a ‘reasonable’, less ‘metaphysical’ position often associated with organicism (Gilbert and Sarkar 2000). As a number of the essays in this collection point out (see especially the contributions by Donohue and Moir) vitalism has been conjoined to fascism and the Nazi horrors, and has been reduced to a series of ahistorical propositions. As both Moir and Donohue emphasize, such associations require more study, but at the same time are fundamentally misleading. Nonetheless, the traditional association of vitalism and fascism as well as vitalism and pseudoscience (or anti-science, as Shmidt underscores) has been remarkably pervasive, and still operates.
A ‘Fourth Wave’ of Vitalism in the Mid-20th Century?
Authors: Peterson Erik L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn his 1966 John Danz lectures, Francis H. C. Crick decried vitalism in the life sciences. Why did he do this three decades after most historians and philosophers of science regarded vitalism as dead? This essay argues that, by advocating the reduction of biology to physics and chemistry Crick was: (a) attempting to imbue the life sciences with greater prestige, (b) paving the way for bioengineering and the reduction of consciousness to molecules, and (c) trying to root out religious sentiment in the life sciences. In service of these goals, Crick deployed vitalism as a straw man enemy. His wave of so-called vitalists in the middle of the twentieth century in fact raised legitimate questions regarding the relationship of organisms to their DNA molecules that Crick was ill-equipped to answer. Moreover, most were not vitalists at all but advocates for what I term bioexceptionalism—an argument for the methodological utility of keeping biological pursuits within their own domains, distinct from physics and chemistry, regardless of the ontological status of living things. Nevertheless, Crick’s status as a “cross-worlds influencer” entrenched a philosophically-enervated reductionism in the life sciences for decades.
What Is Living and What Is Dead in Political Vitalism?
Authors: Moir Cat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDoes vitalism inherently imply a specific politics, and if so, what is it? In this chapter, I aim to offer at least some possible answers to this question by examining historical and contemporary discussions around the politics of vitalism. In so doing, I offer an account of what vitalism is as a set of scientific and philosophical ideas about the nature of life and its status as an object of study. It is precisely because vitalism is concerned with the question of life that it implies political considerations from the get-go. However, some of the more problematic political consequences of what has often been referred to (sometimes erroneously or confusedly) as vitalism stem, I argue, from the attribution of vital powers to the non-living. This infusion of vitality into everything may seem egalitarian in its apparent levelling out of differences between forests, objects, spirits, the dead, and whole societies. Yet if everything is living, then the specificity of the living, the living itself, disappears. Whatever equality may or may not be purchased from this perspective, then, I argue that it can no longer properly be called vitalist.