bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gut microbiome transitions across generations in different ethnicities in an urban setting—the HELIUS study
Authors: van der Vossen Eduard W. J. , Davids Mark , Bresser Lucas R. F. , Galenkamp Henrike , van den Born Bert-Jan H. , Zwinderman Aeilko H. , Levin Evgeni , Nieuwdorp Max , de Goffau Marcus C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
During the course of history, various important lifestyle changes have caused profound transitions of the gut microbiome. These include the introduction of agriculture and animal husbandry, a shift from a nomadic to a more sedentary lifestyle, and recently increased levels of urbanization and a transition towards a more Western lifestyle. The latter is linked with shifts in the gut microbiome that have a reduced fermentative capability and which are commonly associated with diseases of affluence. In this study, in which 5193 subjects are included, we investigated the direction of microbiome shifts that occur in various ethnicities living in Amsterdam by comparing 1st and 2nd generation participants. We furthermore validated part of these findings with a cohort of subjects that moved from rural Thailand to the USA.

Results
The abundance of the Prevotella cluster, which includes P. copri and the P. stercorea trophic network, diminished in the 2nd generation Moroccans and Turks but also in younger Dutch, whilst the Western-associated Bacteroides/Blautia/Bifidobacterium (BBB) cluster, which has an inverse correlation with α-diversity, increased. At the same time, the Christensenellaceae/Methanobrevibacter/Oscillibacter trophic network, which is positively associated with α-diversity and a healthy BMI, decreased in younger Turks and Dutch. Large compositional shifts were not observed in South-Asian and African Surinamese, in whom the BBB cluster is already dominant in the 1st generation, but ASV-level shifts towards certain species, associated amongst others with obesity, were observed.

Conclusion
The Moroccan and Turkish populations, but also the Dutch population are transitioning towards a less complex and fermentative less capable configuration of the gut microbiota, which includes a higher abundance of the Western-associated BBB cluster. The Surinamese, whom have the highest prevalence of diabetes and other diseases of affluence, are already dominated by the BBB cluster. Given the continuous increase in diseases of affluence, this devolution towards low-diversity and fermentatively less capable gut microbiome compositions in urban environments is a worrying development.

Graphical Abstract
Exploring the indirect effect of loneliness in the association between problematic use of social networks and cognitive function in Lebanese adolescents
Authors: Tarabay Rami , Gerges Sarah , Sarray El Dine Abir , Malaeb Diana , Obeid Sahar , Hallit Souheil , Soufia Michel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Problematic use of social networks is a widespread problem that may exert deleterious impacts on cognitive functions. Moreover, studies have added an important link between loneliness and its harmful effect on cognitive functions. Other studies have also revealed that problematic use of social networks among teenagers has a pejorative influence on their social interactions, leading to increased social isolation. Therefore, the goal of our research was to investigate the link between problematic use of social networks and cognitive function in a group of Lebanese adolescents while also taking into consideration the indirect role of loneliness in this relationship.

Methods
This cross-sectional study, which was carried out between January and April 2022, included 379 teenagers (aged between 13 and 17 years), from all Lebanese governorates. The PROCESS SPSS Macro version 3.4, model four was used to compute three pathways. Pathway A determined the regression coefficient for the effect of problematic use of social networks on loneliness; Pathway B examined the association between loneliness and cognitive function, and Pathway C’ estimated the direct effect of problematic use of social networks on cognitive function.

Results
Higher negative social comparison, addictive consequences of problematic use of social networks, and loneliness were significantly associated with worse cognitive function. Loneliness mediated the association between negative social comparison and worse cognitive function, as well as between addictive consequences of problematic use of social networks and worse cognitive function. In addition, higher financial burden was significantly correlated with worse cognitive function, whereas higher physical activity was related to better cognitive function.

Conclusion
In sum, the current study supports that problematic use of social networks is negatively associated with adolescents’ cognitive function, where loneliness seems to play a pivotal role in this equation. The results thus endorse the importance of helping Lebanese adolescents to overcome problematic use of social networks and recover from their loneliness, to achieve a better cognitive/academic performance.
Comparison of quality of life in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and conservative management in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional, descriptive study
Authors: Mathew Neelu , Davies Malcolm , Kaldine Feroza , Cassimjee Zaheera 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Mental health and quality of life are under-appreciated clinical targets which affect patient and modality survival. Lack of dialysis availability in the resource-constrained public health sector in South Africa results in assignment to treatment modalities without regard to effects on these parameters. We assessed the effect of dialysis modality, demographic and laboratory parameters on mental health and quality of life measurements.

Methods
Size-matched cohorts were recruited from patients on haemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD), and patients on conservative management (CM) between September 2020 and March 2021. Responses to the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short Form 36 (KDQOL-SF36) questionnaires and demographic and baseline laboratory parameters were compared between modalities. Multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate independent effect of baseline characteristics on HADS and KDQOL-SF36 scores between treatment groups where significant difference was observed.

Results
Anxiety, depression, and reduced KDQOL measures were widespread amongst respondents. Dialyzed patients reported higher anxiety and depression scores than those on CM (p = 0.040 and p = 0.028). Physical composite (PCS), role–physical (RP), vitality (VS), and emotional well-being (EWB) KDQOL-SF36 scores were poorer in dialyzed patients (p < 0.001 for all). PCS (p = 0.005), pain (p = 0.030), vitality (p = 0.005), and social functioning KDQOL scores were poorer in PD compared to HD; HADS anxiety (p < 0.001) and KDQOL-SF36 EWB scores (p < 0.001) were better in PD. PD patients were more likely to be employed (p = 0.008). Increasing haemoglobin concentration reduced anxiety (p < 0.001) and depression scores (p = 0.004), and improved PCS (p < 0.001), and pain scores (p < 0.001). Higher serum albumin improved PCS (p < 0.001) and vitality (p < 0.001) scores.

Conclusion
Advanced chronic kidney disease increases anxiety and depression and limits quality of life. PD improves mental health and emotional wellbeing and preserves the ability to undertake economic activity but limits social functioning and causes greater physical discomfort. Targeting haemoglobin may ameliorate modality effects on mental health and quality of life.
A multi-criteria decision-making approach to assessing the health risk of rockeries in Chinese classical gardens
Authors: Fu Li , Pan Jie , Tang Yizhou , Zhang Qingping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Owing to the lack of appropriate protection measures, natural and human factors have led to the deterioration of rockeries, which are a distinct cultural heritage with both aesthetic and historical value and an essential component of Chinese classical gardens. The state of rockeries is evaluated by craftsmen who assess the damage levels based on their experience. While this is a common practice, it lacks standardization, which may cause a great uncertainty that influences the efficiency of the protection of rockeries. The preservation and risk mitigation of cultural heritages require the use of reliable tools that provide an accurate diagnosis of their conditions. Multi-criteria decision-making techniques have been applied in several previous studies and proven to be a reliable method for conducting vulnerability or risk assessment for cultural heritage. Therefore, this study developed a health risk assessment tool based on multi-criteria decision-making techniques that can be applied to rockeries in Chinese classical gardens. In contrast to other multi-criteria decision-making methodologies, the proposed method emphasizes the detailed analysis of the health state of rockeries based on impartial and objective data. Moreover, based on the ultimate risk rating for rockeries, the decision makers can arrange the priorities of action in a hierarchical manner, and the cost-efficient protection measures can be identified. Results from the application of four different case studies are illustrated to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed method.
Spontaneous changes in mandibular incisor crowding from mixed to permanent dentition: a systematic review
Authors: dos Santos Cibelle Cristina Oliveira , da Rosa Moreira Bastos Renata Travassos , Bellini-Pereira Silvio Augusto , Garib Daniela , Normando David 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Dental crowding is the most prevalent malocclusion in the mixed and permanent detitions and can have a major impact on dentofacial esthetics. However, adjustments to the development and growth of the dentition can potentiate self-correction of dental crowding during childhood.

Objective
To evaluate the physiological behavior of mandibular incisor crowding in the transition from mixed to permanent dentition.

Methodology
Five electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS and LIVIVO) and part of the gray literature (Proquest and Google Scholar) were investigated, based on the eligibility criteria associated with the acronym PECO, until June 2022. The risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-E tool and the certainty of evidence, the GRADE tool.

Results
Among the 2.663 studies identified, five were selected for qualitative analysis, of which one have a low risk of bias, and four, a moderate risk. A total of 243 patients were evaluated. Evidence with a high level of certainty was generated indicating a tendency for improvement in mandibular incisor crowding from mixed to permanent dentition, with mandibular incisor crowding decreasing from 0.17 to 4.62 mm on average. The mandibular incisor crowding reduction seems to be associated with the amount of initial crowding and spontaneous dental arch dimensional changes that occur in the mixed dentition and culminate in the increase in arch perimeter, leeway space, incisor protrusion and transverse growth of the maxillary and mandibular arch.

Conclusion
Based on moderate scientific evidence, spontaneous longitudinal changes in dental arch in the transition from the mixed to the permanent dentition demonstrate a spontaneous improvement in mandibular incisor crowding by up to 4.62 mm. These evidence provide a scientific basis for planning only longitudinal follow-up in patients with mild to borderline moderate mandibular incisor crowding in the mixed dentition avoiding overtreatment.
BOARD-FTD-PACC: a graphical user interface for the synaptic and cross-frequency analysis derived from neural signals
Authors: Gauthier-Umaña Cécile , Valderrama Mario , Múnera Alejandro , Nava-Mesa Mauricio O. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to understand the link between brain functional states and behavioral/cognitive processes, the information carried in neural oscillations can be retrieved using different analytic techniques. Processing these different bio-signals is a complex, time-consuming, and often non-automatized process that requires customization, due to the type of signal acquired, acquisition method implemented, and the objectives of each individual research group. To this end, a new graphical user interface (GUI), named BOARD-FTD-PACC, was developed and designed to facilitate the visualization, quantification, and analysis of neurophysiological recordings. BOARD-FTD-PACC provides different and customizable tools that facilitate the task of analyzing post-synaptic activity and complex neural oscillatory data, mainly cross-frequency analysis. It is a flexible and user-friendly software that can be used by a wide range of users to extract valuable information from neurophysiological signals such as phase–amplitude coupling and relative power spectral density, among others. BOARD-FTD-PACC allows researchers to select, in the same open-source GUI, different approaches and techniques that will help promote a better understanding of synaptic and oscillatory activity in specific brain structures with or without stimulation.
Long-term survival with nivolumab followed by irinotecan after total gastrectomy in alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ota Takayo , Sakashita Katsuya , Sawada Ryugo , Seki Kurumi , Maeda Hiroyuki , Tanaka Noriko , Tsujinaka Toshimasa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) is a rare type of aggressive gastric cancer (GC) with a dismal prognosis. We present a patient with AFPGC who achieved long-term survival through a multidisciplinary approach.

Case presentation
A 67-year-old man with advanced GC was referred to our hospital for systemic chemotherapy. He was diagnosed with cStage IVB AFPGC. During 2nd-line treatment, we could not control bleeding from the GC itself. After complete resection, during chemotherapy, portal venous tumor thrombi (PVTTs) and liver metastases were identified. With nivolumab followed by irinotecan, the PVTTs and liver metastases disappeared. Without immunotherapy and chemotherapy for 23 months, the patient has survived for 48 months so far with no recurrence of GC.

Conclusion
Long-term survival with AFPGC can be accomplished by using several different approaches, such as surgery, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy.
Basal interhemispheric approach for sellar and juxta-sellar lesions
Authors: Agamy Mohammed Mostafa , Fayed Ahmed AbdelAziz , Madkour Amr Mohamed Elsayed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Sellar and juxta-sellar lesions represent a surgical challenge due their deep and complex relationships to surrounding important neurovascular structures. The basal interhemispheric (BIH) approach, as a midline approach, has an advantage over the lateral approaches as it allows for the safe removal of these challenging tumors.

Aim
To describe the technique of BIH approach in a prospective cohort of 17 patients with sellar and juxta-sellar lesions with different pathologies presented to Alexandria Main University and affiliated hospitals. As well as the clinical outcome and complications of this technique, these cases were followed up for a mean period of 20 weeks.

Results
Gross total resection was achieved in 9 cases (52.9%), subtotal resection was achieved in 5 cases (29.5%), while partial resection was carried out in 3 cases (17.6%). Visual status improved following surgery in 10 patients (58.8%), remained stationary in 5 patients (29.4%) and worsened in 2 cases. Post-operative shunt was needed in three cases, and severe water and electrolyte disturbance was recorded in 3 cases and pan-hypopituitarism in a single case. A single mortality was recorded, but it was due to pulmonary embolism and was not related to the approach.

Conclusion
BIH could be a panoramic safe approach that allows tumor removal from multiple corridors with identification of the regional anatomy of the tumor thus elaborating the surgical strategy for gross total tumor removal.
Learning science through a collaborative invention project in primary school
Authors: Sormunen Kati , Vehmaa Saara , Seitamaa-Hakkarainen Pirita , Lavonen Jari , Hakkarainen Kai , Juuti Kalle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe study examines students’ disciplinary learning in physics and interdisciplinary science learning opportunities that students encounter during a collaborative invention project. Thirteen student teams (aged 11 to 12, N = 46) designed and constructed a prototype of a technology invention meant to solve one of the challenges students face in daily life. The data was collected from a physics achievement test taken both before and after the invention project and artifacts (student essays and process portfolios) that students constructed during the project. Seven inventions were categorized as physics-intensive and six as non-physics in nature. The change in students’ achievement prior to and after the invention project was rather modest, and the increase was related to the level of physics-intensity of the inventions made during the project. However, the process portfolios revealed various interdisciplinary science learning opportunities and physics learning that could not be identified with the achievement test. Further, the co-occurrence analysis revealed several interdisciplinary learning opportunities that connected physics contents to the interdisciplinary themes. Working with varied materials and technologies and experimenting with them enabled the students to ponder different science topics and perhaps deepen their understanding through creative problem-solving. We conclude that such collaborative invention projects challenge teachers to take an active role in designing invention challenges so as to more explicitly interlink students’ invention processes with science learning. In order to foster students’ science learning opportunities, teachers should intensively evaluate each student-team’s learning throughout the project and use portfolios to reflect on and scaffold their science learning systematically.
The Utility of Salivary Cortisone in the Overnight Dexamethasone Suppression Test in Adrenal Incidentalomas
Authors: Issa Basil George , Hanna Fahmy W F , Fryer Anthony A , Ensah Grace , Ebere Ikenna , Marshall David , Keevil Brian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context
Guidelines recommend the assessment of cortisol secretion in patients with adrenal incidentalomas (AI) using the overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ONDST). This requires attendance at a health care facility and venepuncture. Alternatively, the ONDST can be done by measuring salivary cortisol and cortisone, which can be collected at home.

Objective
We aimed to assess the utility of these measurements in patients with AI.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of data from 173 patients with AI who underwent an ONDST and salivary cortisol/cortisone diurnal studies. Serum and salivary cortisol and salivary cortisone were collected at 09:00, late night, and at 09:00 the following morning after dexamethasone. Dexamethasone levels were measured in the postdexamethasone samples. Serum and salivary samples were analyzed with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.

Results
We identified a strong correlation between salivary cortisone and serum cortisol after 1 mg of dexamethasone (r = 0.95). Stepwise multivariate regression showed that postdexamethasone salivary cortisone, baseline serum cortisol, salivary cortisone suppression (predexamethasone/postdexamethasone ratio), and sex were the only significant or near-significant independent variables. Performance of predictive indices using these 4 parameters (sensitivity = 88.5%, specificity = 91.2%; kappa 0.80) and postdexamethasone salivary cortisone alone (sensitivity = 85.3%, specificity = 91.7%; kappa 0.77) were comparable when used to predict an ONDST serum cortisol of ≤50 nmol/L. No correlation was observed with any of the other measured parameters.

Conclusion
In AI patients, after dexamethasone, salivary cortisone correlates very strongly with serum cortisol in the ONDST and could therefore be used as an alternative sampling method which does not require venepuncture or attendance at hospital.
Pituitary Abscess: A General Retrospective Diagnosis
Authors: Tenorio Hernández Ixchel Maydee , Vargas Ortega Guadalupe , González Virla Baldomero , García Sáenz Manuel Ramón 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We present the case of a 27-year-old female who had a history of recurrent headaches and visual disturbances. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a lesion that suggested pituitary adenoma, with indications of a recent bleeding or cystic degeneration. Nonhormonal deficiencies were documented, restricted to nontumoral hyperprolactinemia. Transsphenoidal approach surgery was performed and the purulent material was drained, confirming the diagnosis of pituitary abscess. Sinusitis was considered to be the only possible cause of this condition. Empirical treatment to Gram-positive anaerobic cocci was administrated, with a satisfactory response.
Structural Engineering of Nanocarbons Comprising Graphene Frameworks via High-Temperature Annealing
Authors: Pirabul Kritin , Pan Zheng-Ze , Tang Rui , Sunahiro Shogo , Liu Hongyu , Kanamaru Kazuya , Yoshii Takeharu , Nishihara Hirotomo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
High-temperature annealing is an effective way to heal the defects of graphene-based nanocarbons and enhance their crystallinity. However, the thermally induced vibration of the graphene building blocks often leads to unfavorable micro-, nano-structural evolution including layer stacking. Herein, the key structural factors to achieve highly crystalline graphene frameworks with desired microstructures upon annealing at 1800 °C is revealed. The structural changes of fullerenes, single-walled carbon nanotubes, and graphene-based porous frameworks are precisely analyzed by their structural parameters, such as the total number of graphene edge sites and precise graphene stacking structures, using a novel advanced vacuum temperature-programmed desorption technique up to 1800 °C. The stacked structure is differentiated into loose and tightly stacking, where the loosely stacked structure is found to induce further stacking at high-temperature. Moreover, a graphene framework with an inner space size of greater than 4–7 nm is beneficial to avoid structural change upon high-temperature annealing. These findings offer both a fundamental understanding of the solid-state chemistry of nanocarbons under high temperatures and a viable strategy for engineering edge-site free graphene frameworks with pre-designed microstructures.
The Contingent Relationship Between Purpose and Profits
Authors: Gartenberg Claudine 
Published: May 2023

When do for-profit corporations pursue both purpose and profits and when do they prioritize one over the other? This study explores this question, measuring the strength of purpose based on the perceptions of nearly 1 million employees across 635 U.S. public companies within 14 industry categories. Two main findings emerge. First, the relationship between purpose and profits varies widely across companies and industries. Second, companies with higher levels of innovation intensity, intangible capital, or long-term investors tend to pursue both purpose and profits, whereas companies with lower levels of these factors tend to prioritize one over the other. This evidence suggests that purpose and profits are compatible in settings that rely on innovation and long temporal horizons for value creation and opposed in settings that do not.History: This paper has been accepted for the Strategy Science Special Issue on Corporate Purpose.Funding: C. Gartenberg acknowledges financial support from the Govil Family and the Wharton School.