bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SUCCESS FACTORS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
Authors: Караймызлар Е. , Орынбасаров С.О. , Турдиева З.М. , Karayilmazlar E. , Orynbasarov S. , Turdiyeva Z. 
Published: July 2023

В статье рассмотрен вопрос о развитии государственно-частного партнерства (далее – ГЧП) как инструмента финансирования инфраструктурных проектов в Казахстане. Выявлено, что ГЧП в нашей стране стал развиваться с 2015 года. В статье проведен обзор научных исследований по развитию государственно-частного партнерства в различных странах, включая США, Великобританию и Данию. Авторами определены основные недостатки в развитии ГЧП, одним из которых является то, что данный интрумент может привести к конфликту интересов между государственным и частным секторами, особенно если частный сектор ориентирован на получение максимальной прибыли. В статье представлена разработанная авторами базовая основа математической модели рисков ГЧП, проведен анализ количества договоров за 2015-2022 годы. На основе проведенного анализа теоретических источников определены, факторы, влияющие на риски ГЧП, к которым относятся доступность, соотношение цены и качества, оценка бюджета и порядок учета, работа с обязательствами, а также вопросы регулирования и институционального управления. В статье сделаны выводы, что методы оценки качественных параметров являются наиболее приемлемыми и эффективными в сфере оценки проектов ГЧП. Разработаны рекомендации по дальнейшему успешному развитию ГЧП.
The article considers the issue of the development of public-private partnership (hereinafter – PPP) as a tool for financing infrastructure projects in Kazakhstan. It is revealed that PPP in our country has been developing since 2015. The article provides an overview of scientific research on the development of public-private partnerships in various countries, including the USA, Great Britain and Denmark. The authors have identified the main shortcomings in the development of PPP, one of which is that this investment can lead to a conflict of interests between the public and private sectors, especially if the private sector is focused on maximizing profits. The article presents the basic basis of the mathematical model of PPP risks developed by the authors, the analysis of the number of contracts for 2015-2022 is carried out. Based on the analysis of theoretical sources, the factors influencing the risks of PPP are identified, which include accessibility, price-quality ratio, budget assessment and accounting procedures, work with obligations, as well as regulatory and institutional management issues. The article concludes that the methods of assessing qualitative parameters are the most acceptable and effective in the field of evaluation of PPP projects. Recommendations for further successful development of PPP have been developed.
ANALYSIS OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND FINANCIAL STABILITY OF AN ENTERPRISE
Authors: Кишибаева Б.С. , Джаксыбекова Г.Н. , Kishibayeva B. , Jaxybekova G. 
Published: July 2023

Нарықтық экономика жағдайында кәсіпорындардың өзінің қаржылық-шаруашылық қызметін қажетті қаржы ресурстарымен қамтамасыз ету олардың өз мойындарында. Кәсіпорындардың меншікті және қарыз қаражаттар тарту нәтижесінде қалыптасқан капитал құрылымы оның қызметінің тиімділігін, бәсекелсетік ортадағы өміршеңдігін, қызметінің түпкі мақсаты болып табылатын табыстылығын анықтап беретін бастапқы фактор болып табылады. Капитал құрылымын оңтайландыру - кәсіпорындардың қаржылық тұрақтылығын басқару жүйесінің ажырамас бөлігі. Экономикалық жағдайдың, салық заңнамасының, бәсекелестік күштерінің өзгерістеріне бейімделудің үздіксіз процесі. Мақала авторлары көміртегі шикізатын өндіру және сату кәсіпорындарының капитал құрылымын және оның құнын анықтаудың теориялық және әдістемелік негіздеріне сүйене оты
In a market economy, enterprises must provide their financial and economic activities with the necessary financial resources. The capital structure formed as a result of attracting the company's own and borrowed funds, the initial factor is determining the effectiveness of its activities, viability in a competitive environment and the ultimate goal of its activities and profitability. Optimization of the capital structure is an integral part of the financial stability management system of enterprises. This is a continuous process of adaptation to changes in the economic situation, tax legislation, and competitive forces. The authors of the article, relying on the theoretical and methodological foundations for determining the structure of capital and its value of enterprises producing and selling carbon raw materials, conducted an analysis based on the data of their annual financial statements on the assessment of the structure and cost of capital, the development of analysis techniques, financial stability coefficients. The article analyzes the capital structure of enterprises, JSC "Caspian Oil", 2019-2021. it is established that the existing capital structure has a significant excess volume of borrowed funds and ensures their financial stability in the market. The company — JSC "KMK Munai" turned out to be financially unstable. It is proposed to develop proposals to improve the financial condition of the enterprise, to ensure its financial security.
НИОКР КАК ФАКТОР СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Satpayeva Z. , Kangalakova D. , Mukayev A. , Сатпаева З.T. , Кангалакова Д.M. , Мукаев A.Н. 
Published: July 2023

Science is the main element in the formation and development of a knowledge-based and innovative economy with high level of the qualіty of lіfe of populatіon. The aіm of the study іs to analyze R&D expenditures as a factor of Kazakhstan’s socio-economic development based on dynamic and econometric analysis of statistical data of the Bureau of National Statistics of the ASPR from 2011 to 2020. The study revealed that the level of science intensity of the economy in Kazakhstan is very low. Science parameters are still not the most sіgnificant factors in the country's socіo-economic development. The results obtained indicate the need to improve the efficiency of science in order to establish a knowledge-based and innovative economy and increase the well-being of the population in Kazakhstan. The study results can serve as substantiation for key directions of developing scenarios and mechanisms to improve the efficiency of scientific-technological policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Наука является основным элементом формирования и развития наукоемкой и инновационной экономики с высоким уровнем качества жизни населения. Цель данного исследования – проанализировать расходы на НИОКР как фактор социально-экономического развития Казахстана посредством динамического и эконометрического анализа статистических данных Бюро национальной статистики АСПР за период с 2011 по 2020 годы. В ходе исследования выявлено, что уровень наукоемкости экономики в Казахстане очень низкий. Показатели науки все еще не являются наиболее значимыми факторами социально-экономического развития страны. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о необходимости повышения эффективности науки в целях создания наукоемкой и инновационной экономики и повышения благосостояния населения Казахстана. Результаты исследования могут служить обоснованием ключевых направлений при разработке сценариев и механизмов по повышению эффективности научно-технологической политики Республики Казахстан.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Улыбышев Д.Н. , Бопиева Ж.К. , Шевякова А.Л. , Жайлауов Е.Б. , Ulybyshev D. , Bopieva Zh. , Shevyakova A. , Zhailauov E. 
Published: July 2023

Статья посвящена изучению роли сектора государственного управления в развитии национальной экономики Республики Казахстан. В статье проводится анализ роли сектора государственных услуг (общественного сектора) в формировании ВВП и национального богатства Казахстана. Авторами дана оценка вклада общественного сектора в формирование национального богатства страны через параметр произведенных активов национального богатства. Здесь отмечен сравнительно небольшой, но постоянно растущий вклад сектора государственных услуг. Авторами проанализированы состав и структура совокупной валовой добавленной стоимости Республики Казахстан и рассчитан вклад общественного сектора в ее формирование. Также проведен анализ ВДС самого общественного сектора, что позволило охарактеризовать ее отраслевую структуру. Авторами сделан вывод о том, что ввиду невысокой доли сектора государственных услуг в формировании валового внутреннего продукта, Казахстан обладает экономикой либерального типа. При этом основной вклад фирмы общественного сектора вносят в отраслях, традиционно предоставляющие общественные блага. Причем в части этих отраслей присутствие государства медленно сокращается в пользу фирм частного сектора (например, образование и здравоохранение), а в отраслях, ответственных за жесткую инфраструктуру, наоборот, растет или имеет предпосылки к росту.
The article is devoted to studying of the role of the public administration sector in the development of the national economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The article analyzes the role of the public services sector (public sector) in the formation of GDP and national wealth of Kazakhstan. The authors assess the contribution of the public sector to the formation of the national wealth of the country through the parameter of the produced assets of national wealth. A relatively small but constantly growing contribution of the public services sector is noted here. Authors also analyzed the composition and structure of the total gross value added of the Republic of Kazakhstan and calculated the contribution of the public sector to its formation. The analysis of the GVA of the public sector itself was also carried out, which made it possible to characterize its sectoral structure. The authors concluded that due to the low share of the public services sector in formation of the gross domestic product, Kazakhstan has a liberal-type economy. At the same time, the main contribution of public sector firms is made in industries that traditionally provide public goods. Moreover, in some of these industries, the presence of the state is slowly declining in favor of private sector firms (for example, education and healthcare), and in industries responsible for rigid infrastructure, on the contrary, it is growing or has prerequisites for growth.
Interaction of educational organizations and society of Kazakhstan as a determining factor of corporate culturе
Authors: Әмірбекұлы Е. , Үкібасова Ғ.С. , Бәкіров Е.Р. , Омаров Б.Ш. , Amirbekuly Y. , Ukubassova G. , Bakirov Y. , Omarov B. 
Published: July 2023

Мақалада білім беру ұйымының корпоративтік мәдениеті және оның оқу орнының түрімен байланысы қарастырылады, болашақ ұрпақтың дамуы, олармен игерілетін құндылықтар, экономикалық даму деңгейі білім беру саласына байланысты екендігі көрсетілген. Елімізде дұрыс құрылған білім беру жүйесі білім сапасының артуына әкелетіндігі, ал ол өз алдына білім беру мекемелеріндегі корпоративті мәдениет деңгейінен тәуелді екендігі анықталды. Білім беру мекемесінің корпоративтік мәдениеті, кейде іскерлік мәдениет деп түсініледі, макроортаның іскерлік мәдениетінің оқу орны қызметінің бірегейлігімен өзара әрекеттесуінің өнімі болып табылады және коммуникативтік мәдениетпен біріктірілген. Жұмыста білім беру мекемесінің корпоративті мәдениеті оқытылатындар мен оқушылар мен тұрақты жұмысқа негізделіп, жеке тұлғаның қалыптасуына ықпал ететіндігі айқындалған. Еліміздегі білім беру саласындағы процестердің сандық көрінісі талданады. Сонымен қатар әлемдік деңгейде білім саласының бәсекеге қабілеттілігіне баға беріліп, жалпы саланың SWOT талдауының нәтижелері көрсетілген. Білім кеңістігіндегі процестердің қатысушыларына баға беріліп, сапалы білімнің кепілі және мектеп басқармасы мен білім алушы арасындағы байланыстырушы буын ұстаз екендігі тұжырымдалады. Зерттеу нәтижелері бойынша анықталған мәселелер көтеріледі де, олардың алдын алу жолдары белгіленген.
The article considers the corporate culture of the organization of education and its relationship with the type of educational institution, it is shown that the development of the future generation, the values acquired by them, the level of economic development depend on the sphere of education. It was revealed that a well-established education system in the country leads to an increase in the quality of education and affects the corporate culture in educational institutions. The corporate culture of an educational institution, sometimes understood as a business culture, is a product of the interaction of the business culture of the macro environment with the uniqueness of the activities of the educational institution and is integrated with the communicative culture. The work determines that the corporate culture of an educational institution is built on constant work with students and contributes to the formation of personality. The quantitative representation of the processes in the field of education in our country is analyzed. At the same time, the competitiveness of the education sector at the global level was assessed, and the results of a SWOT analysis of the secondary education sector were shown. Participants in the processes in the educational space are assessed and it is concluded that the teacher is the key to quality education and the link between the school management and students. Based on the results of the study, problems in the development of the education sector were presented and ways to solve them were identified.
Analysis of Regional Differences, Dynamic Evolution and Convergence Characteristics of The Level of Rural Revitalization in China
Authors: Li Wenqing , Zhou Xiaoxiao , Ding Zhongming 
Published: July 2023

To help rural revitalization, it is extremely important to understand the inter-provincial characteristics. This paper uses the entropy value method to measure the comprehensive index of rural revitalization level, and reveals the regional differences and dynamic evolution trend of rural revitalization with the help of Dagum Gini coefficient and kernel density method, and finally uses the convergence model to test the spatial and temporal convergence. The study finds that the level of rural revitalization is low but tends to increase year by year. Regional differences are the main reason for the differences in rural revitalization, but they are decreasing. There is a polarization phenomenon of inter-provincial rural revitalization level, while there is a tendency for low-level provinces to catch up with high-level provinces. Finally, it is suggested that all kinds of factors should be fully activated to actively promote the coordinated development of regional rural revitalization level.
Structural parameters and development trend analysis of perovskite solar cells
Authors: Fang Xiaotian , Jing Shengxin 
Published: July 2023

Calcium titanite solar cells have been one of the hot spots of scientific research in recent years due to their excellent photovoltaic properties. This article talks about calcium titanite solar cells from three aspects: material structure, solar cell internal structure and photovoltaic properties. This paper describes the internal structure of perovskite cell and analyzes its photoelectric conversion principle. At the same time for open circuit voltage, short circuit current, conversion efficiency and other important indicators made a detailed introduction. In view of the current development of solar energy, we hope to make several optimization enhancements, one is to improve the stability of solar panels, the second is to reduce the toxicity of the raw material itself, and the last point is how to prepare the method of large area. It is hoped that the research and improvement in this paper can promote the industrialization and industrial preparation of calcium titanate solar cells, which has positive significance for the development of solar cells.
Land Use Policy Recommendations——Based on Empirical Analysis of The Effect of Agricultural Land Expansion on Greenhouse Gas Emission
Authors: Wang Zhaojie 
Published: July 2023

Agricultural activities emit about 10-12% greenhouse gases each year. Moreover, the total amount is on the rise, which can significantly contribute to global warming. To get governments to pay more attention to greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural activities, so that the necessary regulations can be implemented. This paper studies the relationship between agricultural land expansion and greenhouse gas emissions. My initial hypothesis was that ceteris paribus, the agricultural land expansion would cause a rise in greenhouse gas emissions. I obtained 25 years of data for 12 countries from the World Development Indicators Database of the World Bank. And created a panel data frame. The variables exist in it are: Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), Alternative and nuclear energy (% of total energy use), Agricultural land (% of land area), GDP per capita (current US$). In order to cope with the possible heteroscedasticity problem in the regression, several of the variables were processed logarithms. This paper used a Two-way Fixed effect model which controls fixed effects from both cross section and time. The explained variable is log (GHG emissions), and the explanatory variables are log (energy use per capita), log (GDP per capita), clean energy using rate, and percentage of agricultural land in total land. However due to the presence of multicollinearity, log (GDP per capita) was removed. This paper also tested the autocorrelation and used the Cochrane-Orcutt Iterative Process to estimate the autocorrelation coefficient to transform all variables so that solve the autocorrelation issue. The final regression model is as follows: ln(Greenhouse Gases emission)= + 1.06*ln(Energy use per capita) – 0.009*(Alternative and nuclear energy % of total energy use) + 0.0074*(Agricultural land % of land area). = . The overall F-test of this model is significant, and the individual t-tests of the coefficients of each variable are all significant. R2=92.18, adjR2=91.04. This shows that the explanatory power of the model is strong. This outcome is consistent with my initial hypothesis that agricultural land expansion does lead to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions. The other two coefficients are also consistent with our common sense. This result can help governments to decide on the planning of land use. If the current amount of energy used and the types of energy used do not change, a country develops agriculture, it will inevitably lead to more greenhouse gas emissions. More Importantly, it is not like industrial manufacture, normally there are few regulations and policies on agricultural GHG emissions. But the quantitative results of the model tell us that as agriculture expands, it is necessary for the government to implement regulations and policies on it.
Teratogenic Effects of Lead in the Developing Chick Embryos
Authors: Shafiq Aqsa , Mahnoor . , Fahad Baig Mirza , Fatima Yashal , Haer Arooj , Parveen Shakila , Tariq Muhammad Akram , Ahmad Khan Muhammad Khalil 
Published: July 2023

Lead (heavy metal) can be found in trace levels in the crust of the planet. It may be harmful to both human and animals' health. Nearly all body's organs and systems can be affected by lead and mainly found in smelting and mining areas. Objective: To estimate the effect of lead on chick embryos at morphologic, morphometric, and histological levels and to study the toxic effects of lead in developing chick embryos Methods: Fertilized eggs were separated into three groups. Two groups were treated with varying concentrations of lead as experimental groups, untreated designated as control group. The dose was administered on the fourth day of incubation, and recovery occurred on the ninth day. Results: Significant differences (p<0.000) and (p<0.001) in CR length, body weight, head size, eye circumference, forelimb and hindlimb were reported. Morphological abnormalities such as hydrocephaly, microcephaly, beak shortening, agenesis, Amelia, micromelia, anophthalmia, microphthalmia, and kyphosis were seen. It also revealed various abnormalities in important organs such as irregular cerebral folia, necrotic intestine, and hemorrhages in bursa fabricious. Lead has been shown in various combinations to cause embryotoxicity and teratological effects in chick embryos. Conclusions: Lead is a harmful pollutant and may be responsible for various developmental anomalies in livings beings including animals and humans.
LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CHILDREN AS VICTIMS OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE BASED ON THE PERPECTIVE OF LAW NUMBER 12 OF 2022 CONCERNING SEXUAL VIOLENCE CRIMINAL ACTION
Authors: Rizky Ayu  , T Riza Zarzani  
Published: July 2023

The number of cases of violence against children is quite increasing. Based on the results of data from the Symphony or the Ministry of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection, there have been 1,848, related to cases of sexual violence that have a tremendous impact, such as increased risks regarding economic problems, education, aspects of community life in terms of health, politics, violence against children and their families, high levels of stress and even cases of violence, so that a significant impact occurs on the lives of children and their families. So efforts are needed that must be carried out in a coordinated manner in an effort to provide protection from sexual abuse of children in the present. This study discusses legal arrangements, forms of protection and solutions in preventing the reduction in the number of children as victims of sexual violence. The research specifications used in this study are in the form of descriptive analysis with a normative legal research approach. Data collection techniques carried out using literature studies related to children's problems as victims of sexual violence. Factors that underlie children vulnerable to becoming victims of sexual violence are lack of supervision from parents, lack of community concern, and a deterrent effect for perpetrators. The protection provided to vulnerable children as victims of sexual violence has been regulated in Law Number. 31 of 2014 On the protection of Witnesses and Koeban contained in article 5 that victims have their rights as victims. As well as efforts that can be made to prevent children from becoming victims of sexual violence, an institution is needed to understand the policies for child safety.