bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning Transformer Models for Building a Comprehensive and Real-time Trauma Observatory: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Chenais Gabrielle , Gil-Jardiné Cédric , Touchais Hélène , Avalos Fernandez Marta , Contrand Benjamin , Tellier Eric , Combes Xavier , Bourdois Loick , Revel Philippe , Lagarde Emmanuel 
Published: January 2023

Background
Public health surveillance relies on the collection of data, often in near-real time. Recent advances in natural language processing make it possible to envisage an automated system for extracting information from electronic health records.

Objective
To study the feasibility of setting up a national trauma observatory in France, we compared the performance of several automatic language processing methods in a multiclass classification task of unstructured clinical notes.

Methods
A total of 69,110 free-text clinical notes related to visits to the emergency departments of the University Hospital of Bordeaux, France, between 2012 and 2019 were manually annotated. Among these clinical notes, 32.5% (22,481/69,110) were traumas. We trained 4 transformer models (deep learning models that encompass attention mechanism) and compared them with the term frequency–inverse document frequency associated with the support vector machine method.

Results
The transformer models consistently performed better than the term frequency–inverse document frequency and a support vector machine. Among the transformers, the GPTanam model pretrained with a French corpus with an additional autosupervised learning step on 306,368 unlabeled clinical notes showed the best performance with a micro F1-score of 0.969.

Conclusions
The transformers proved efficient at the multiclass classification of narrative and medical data. Further steps for improvement should focus on the expansion of abbreviations and multioutput multiclass classification.
Patient Perspectives and Preferences for Consent in the Digital Health Context: State-of-the-art Literature Review
Authors: Kassam Iman , Ilkina Daria , Kemp Jessica , Roble Heba , Carter-Langford Abigail , Shen Nelson 
Published: January 2023

Background
The increasing integration of digital health tools into care may result in a greater flow of personal health information (PHI) between patients and providers. Although privacy legislation governs how entities may collect, use, or share PHI, such legislation has not kept pace with digital health innovations, resulting in a lack of guidance on implementing meaningful consent. Understanding patient perspectives when implementing meaningful consent is critical to ensure that it meets their needs. Consent for research in the context of digital health is limited.

Objective
This state-of-the-art review aimed to understand the current state of research as it relates to patient perspectives on digital health consent. Its objectives were to explore what is known about the patient perspective and experience with digital health consent and provide recommendations on designing and implementing digital health consent based on the findings.

Methods
A structured literature search was developed and deployed in 4 electronic databases—MEDLINE, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Web of Science—for articles published after January 2010. The initial literature search was conducted in March 2021 and updated in March 2022. Articles were eligible for inclusion if they discussed electronic consent or consent, focused on the patient perspective or preference, and were related to digital health or digital PHI. Data were extracted using an extraction template and analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results
In total, 75 articles were included for analysis. Most studies were published within the last 5 years (58/75, 77%) and conducted in a clinical care context (33/75, 44%) and in the United States (48/75, 64%). Most studies aimed to understand participants’ willingness to share PHI (25/75, 33%) and participants’ perceived usability and comprehension of an electronic consent notice (25/75, 33%). More than half (40/75, 53%) of the studies did not describe the type of consent model used. The broad open consent model was the most explored (11/75, 15%). Of the 75 studies, 68 (91%) found that participants were willing to provide consent; however, their consent behaviors and preferences were context-dependent. Common patient consent requirements included clear and digestible information detailing who can access PHI, for what purpose their PHI will be used, and how privacy will be ensured.

Conclusions
There is growing interest in understanding the patient perspective on digital health consent in the context of providing clinical care. There is evidence suggesting that many patients are willing to consent for various purposes, especially when there is greater transparency on how the PHI is used and oversight mechanisms are in place. Providing this transparency is critical for fostering trust in digital health tools and the innovative uses of data to optimize health and system outcomes.
GCMS and FTIR analysis of ethanol and methanol leave extract of Urena lobata (Caesar weed) for bioactive phytochemical constituents
Authors: Keke Collins Obinna , Nsofor Winifred Njideka , Kumabia Francis Koku Ras , Iloabuchi Godian Chima , Ejiofor Juliet Chioma , Osuagwu Olachi Lilian 
Published: January 2023

This study was designed to apply the highly sophisticated biological and chemical characterization techniques–(GC-MS) Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and FTIR spectroscopy to screen for bioactive phytocompounds present in ethanol and methanol extracts of U. lobata .The leaves of the plant were collected from a farm in Umuode village in Osisioma Ngwa local government area of Abia state, Nigeria. Ethanol and methanol extracts of the leaves were prepared and analyzed using Buck M910 Gas chromatography system with HP-5MS column (30m in length x250µm in diameter x 0.25µm in thickness film). Analysis of functional groups in the phytocompounds were done using Buck scientific M530 USA FTIR.12 vibrational functional groups were revealed by the FTIR screening in the ethanol and methanol extracts of U. lobata leaves. Some of the functional groups were indicative of alcohols, phenols, aromatic compounds, unsaturated hydrocarbons, vinyl ethers, amines, isonitriles and aliphatic compounds. GC-MS analysis of the ethanol leaf extract revealed 41 bioactive compounds with the following being most abundant, 9-octadecenoic acid(16.8%), dodecenoic acid(13.43%),n-hexadecanoic acid(11.73%), octadecanoic acid (9.78%), 1-docosene(9.57%) while the methanol extract revealed 47 bioactive compounds with the following having the highest abundance, n-hexadecanoic acid (26.65%) and (9.11%), dodecanoic acid(6.89%), 1-docosene(6.06%), erucic acid(4.09%).These phytocompounds and many others present in the leaf have been reported to possess multiple therapeutic activities. This therefore explains the use of this leaf in ancient medicine to treat numerous disease conditions. It further implies that the leaf could be exploited for the formulation of therapeutic molecules.
Keywords: Urena lobata, GC-MS, FTIR, Spectroscopy, Phytocompounds, Functional group, Phytoconstituents
A study of the Effect of Yogic Interventions on Varicose Veins
Authors: Zulpe Rajashekhar , Sharma K. Krishna 
Published: January 2023

Background: Varicose Veins are a valve incomitance disorder of the veins. Most persons who suffer from Varicose Veins very often do not get substantially relieved by the current medical treatment. A holistic approach to yoga has the potential to prevent, reduce incompetents and cure the increased valve competent condition. It can be treated by changing lifestyle and dietary habits. But Yoga and Ayurveda are available to help reduce the symptoms and curb the Varicose Veins.
Aims: The main purpose of this study is to find the effect of the yogic intervention on KSRP Police suffering from primary varicose veins.
Design: 56 KSRP Police suffering from primary varicose veins were selected from KSRP 7th Battalion Police, Mangalore for the study. The age of the subjects ed from 30 to 60 years. The design used for the study was a pre-post design. Simple Random sampling was used for the collection of the sample.
Methods: The study was performed with 56 KSRP Police who gave information regarding the daily activities of the Police; pre-post values for the study were assessed based on the primary varicose veins. Yogic techniques were used as an intervention for a period of 3 months.
Results: 90 days of Yoga Intervention resulted in significant changes in the score of the perceived parameters of questioners and doppler ultrasound test in the experiment group (p<0.001) compared to the control group.
Conclusion: Yoga and Ayurveda can increase the resistance to the infection of Varicose Veins. The holistic approach of yoga can prevent and reduce the Varicose Veins condition. Adopting the yogic techniques and Ayurvedic techniques properly removes the impurities of the Varicose Veins, and further stagnation can be prevented.
Keywords: Varicose Veins, Yogic Interventions, Ayurveda, KSRP Employees.
Head and neck cancer: hypofractionated adjuvant radiation therapy
Authors: Sokurenko V. P. , Karpenko A. V. , Lushchaeva T. A. , Ponezha T. E. 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION: Effect of adiuvant radiation therapy (RT) on oncologic outcomes is well-known and confirmed by different trials. Optimal time to start RT is 6–8 weeks after surgery. Increasing duration of RT delay beyond that interval leads to decrease in overall survival (OS) and makes loco-regional recurrence (LRC) more probable. However, more than 50% patients do not receive adjuvant treatment in time (Mitra S. et al., 2022). Overall treatment time (77–100 days) is another factor that influences effectiveness of adjuvant RT. In order to keep within that time limits non-conventional regimens of RT can be used.OBJECTIVE: To test safety and feasibility of hypofractionated adjuvant RT in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity and oropharynx.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with stage III–IV squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity and oropharynx (n=11) who underwent surgery and have to recieve adjuvant RT in 8 weeks and more after surgery are included. Dose was delivered using Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and simultaneous integrated boost.RESULTS: Patients (n=11) completed RT successfully. Surgery-to-RT interval ranges between 9 and 15 weeks. Dose per fraction on high-risk-CTV varies between 2,5 and 2,75 Gy. Acute side-effects (oral mucositis grade II) presented after 27–32 Gy (11–13 fractions) in 9 patient out of 11 and reached maximum (oral mucositis grade III, radiation dermatitis grade II) at the end of the treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Hypofractionated adjuvant RT (VMAT) can be safely used in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity and oropharynx and local acute toxicity can be controlled.
Baseline volumetric parameters of PET/CT <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and international prognostic index at patients with diffuse B-cell large cell lymphoma
Authors: Vinogradova Yu. N. , Tlostanova M. S. , Ivanova A. A. , Zelyanina M. I. , Ilyin N. V. 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and Tumor lesion glycolysis (TLG) are used in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron-Emission Tomography combined with Computed Tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) as biometric markers in whole tumor. International prognostic index (IPI) has been used during 30 years at patients with diffuse B-cell large cell lymphoma (DLBCL) for prognosis, use MTV and TLG was unknown. Our aims were to determinate the best statistical relationship between MTV, TLG and IPI in patients with DLBCL.OBJECTIVE: Complex study of baseline volumetric parameters PET/CT with 18F-FDG at patients with DLBCL and assessment of their correlation with prognostic groups.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT performed in 31 primary patients with DLBCL and evaluated SUVmax, MTV, TMTV, TLG, TTLG at different involved anatomic zones; correlation between PET biomarkers and prognostic groups of patients.Statistics: The research materials were subjected to statistical processing using the methods of correlation and regression analyses.RESULTS: SUVmax mean level didn’t discerned at patients of low and high-risk groups, but TMTV has been less in favorable prognostic, than in unfavorable groups (152±3.0 sm3 vs 890±178 sm3 p<0,01); the same TTLG (1291±474 g/ml×sm3 vs 7640±2067 g/ml×sm3 , p<0.01) and IMA (6.7±0.7 vs 9.2±0.6; p<0,01). All volumetric parameters have been less at patients with supradiaphragmatic lymph nodes, than infradiaphragmatic lymph nodes and bones too. Significant positive correlation was found between the TMTV u TTLG (p=0.965; p<0,001), between TMTV, TTLG and progressive disease risk (p=0.735; p=0.747; p<0,001). The regression analysis was derived to estimate the connection PET biomarkers and progressive disease risk.DISCUSSION: The 30-year experience of using IPI in assessing the prognosis of patients with DLBCL has shown its insufficient effectiveness in many clinical situations, and the R-IPI prognostic model has been tested on a smaller number of patients and can only be considered additionally. We studied in detail the initial volumetric parameters of patients with DLBCL in different regions of the lesion and their relationship with the level of prognosis according to the IPI criteria. Our data on large values of volumetric parameters in the infradiaphragmatic areas and bones may be related to the worse prognosis in patients with these localizations. Further broader studies of the initial volumetric biomarkers of PET in DLBCL patients will contribute to the development of approximate boundaries of specific volumetric parameters for different tumor localizations.CONCLUSION: The results obtained showed that the baseline volumetric parameters PET/CT at patients with DLBCL have significant connection with prognostic groups of patients and can be additional factors to influence of tactics of therapy.
Effect of Activated Charcoal Toothpaste on Color Stability of Bleached Teeth Immersed in Different Drinks
Authors: Borges JS , Soares CJ , de Bragança GF , Vilela ABF , Soares PBF 
Published: January 2023

SUMMARYObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of activated charcoal toothpaste on the color stability of teeth subjected to tooth bleaching and pigmenting agents.MethodsA total of 120 bovine crowns were randomly divided into 12 groups (n=10) according to two study factors: staining solutions (three levels): saliva (control), coffee, and red wine; and toothpaste (four levels): BPC, Bianco Pro Clinical (Bianco Oral Care) (Control); BIW, Black is White (Curaprox); BCA, Bianco Carbon (Bianco Oral Care); and NAT, Natural Suavetex (Suavetex). The samples were subjected to office bleaching with a 35% hydrogen peroxide-based gel (Whiteness HP Blue, FGM), followed by immersion in the solution for 45 minutes per day and daily toothbrushing for 7 days. The color (ΔE) and luminosity changes (ΔL*) were measured using reflectance spectroscopy (Vita EasyShade). The CIE values (L*, a*, b*) were measured at baseline after bleaching (T0) and immediately after immersion in solution each day (Ti1–Ti7) and after all toothbrushing cycles (Tb1–Tb7). ΔE and ΔL were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). The clinically unacceptable level of ΔE &gt; 3.3 was used to evaluate the color change.ResultsThe color change was significantly influenced by the staining solutions and toothpastes (p&lt;0.001). The color change (ΔE) was significantly higher when immersed in wine than in coffee, and lower ΔE values were observed for artificial saliva (control), irrespective of the toothpaste used. In artificial saliva, BPC, BIW, and BCA resulted in significantly lower ΔE values than NAT, which presented a clinically unacceptable level of dental color change (ΔE&gt;3.3). Coffee resulted in a lower (L*) reduction than wine, irrespective of the toothpaste used.ConclusionCharcoal toothpastes resulted in a color change on the surface of the tooth enamel (ΔE). The bleaching effect of the charcoal toothpastes and control evaluated in this study partially reduced the color changes on the surface of the tooth enamel caused by staining solutions but was unable to reestablish the measured values to the baseline. For teeth immersed in artificial saliva, the color change was not noticeable in BCA, BIW, and control-BPC (ΔE≥3.3), except for NAT, which showed a significant color change.
Fracture Load of Molars Restored with Bulk-fill, Flowable Bulk-fill, and Conventional Resin Composite After Simulated Chewing
Authors: Guerra L , Ramos RQ , Linhares LA , Bernardon JK , Favero SS , César PF , Júnior S Monteiro 
Published: January 2023

SUMMARY
This study aimed to compare the fracture toughness of molars with wide mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities restored with regular and flowable bulk-fill resin composite and a conventional resin composite after 250,000 mechanical cycles of chewing simulation. Thirty-two extracted mandibular third molars were selected and class II MOD cavities involving 2/3 of the intercuspal width and 4 mm depth were prepared. Teeth were divided into four groups based on resin composite type and insertion technique (n=8): (1) CT, unprepared teeth (control); (2) CV, conventional resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent) with incremental technique; (3) R-BF, regular bulk-fill resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent) with a single increment; and (4) F-BF, flowable bulk-fill resin composite (Tetric N-Flow Bulk Fill, Ivoclar Vivadent) with a single increment, except for a 1-mm-thick layer at the occlusal surface, restored with conventional resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram). All specimens were evaluated to detect the presence and propagation of enamel cracks using a LED transilluminator before and after 250,000 mechanical cycles (SD Mechatronic GmbH). After a chewing simulation, they were subjected to a compressive force in a universal testing machine (DL-2000, EMIC) until fracture. The maximum fracture load of the specimens was measured (N) and the fracture patterns were classified based on the fracture site (above or below the cementoenamel junction [CEJ]). Data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA. All specimens survived after 250,000 mechanical cycles, and no statistically significant differences among groups were observed regarding the fracture toughness (p&lt;0.05). The fracture analysis demonstrated that failures below the CEJ were more common in CV (75%), while CT, R-BF, and F-BF showed this type of failure in 38%, 63%, and 63% of the specimens, respectively. The results of the crack analysis showed that the occurrence of new cracks and crack propagation was also higher in CV (33.3%), followed by R-BF, F-BF, and CT (14%, 14%, and 11% of the specimens, respectively). Teeth restored with regular and flowable bulk-fill composites showed similar fracture toughness after the chewing simulation compared to those restored with the conventional resin composite and unprepared teeth. Furthermore, teeth restored with both regular and flowable bulk-fill composites showed a lower incidence of enamel cracks and fractures below the CEJ compared to those restored with the conventional resin composite.
Emancipar meninas? A leitura literária para adolescentes.
Authors: Rosa Cristina Maria , Rosa Cristina Maria 
Published: January 2023

No artigo apresento a composição de um acervo literário disponibilizado a um projeto de leitura para adolescentes escolarizadas, cujo foco é discutir maus tratos emocionais ou violência psicológica. Ao criar um programa de leituras para meninas em que a liberdade para pensar e escolher fosse o meio e o fim, reuni um grupo de livros que têm em comum, temas ou protagonistas meninas, mocinhas ou mulheres que extrapolam os clássicos papéis destinados culturalmente ao gênero feminino. Na construção dessas personagens e tramas, os autores e autoras apresentam desfechos inusitados, inteligentes, bem humorados, afetivamente includentes e com lógicas não violentas. No trabalho, apresento o acervo produzido por esse trabalho de pesquisa e intervenção. Os maus tratos emocionais são um fenômeno caracterizado por um constante e reiterado desrespeito ao outro. Muitas vezes sutil, se manifesta pelo desprezo, desqualificação ou depreciação de gostos, escolhas e competências, através de falas, comentários ou mesmo argumentações que ridicularizam, desabonam e desacreditam a imagem do outro de forma direta ou indireta, publicamente, na presença e mesmo na ausência do envolvido. É uma violência que, em parte considerável das vezes, abre portas para outras manifestações e formas de violência como violência física, moral, patrimonial, sexual. Na elaboração desse "conceito", busquei conhecer pesquisas, artigos e palestras desenvolvidas por pesquisadores na área.
Forrest Gump’s Contribution to Research Methodology: An Analogy for Organizational Culture and Some Musings on How to Write about Comparisons
Authors: Racine Michel , Gould Anthony M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
When the fictional character Forrest Gump said: “Life is like a box of chocolates,” he offered an intriguing insight into at least one aspect of human existence. However, in creating his analogy he likely fell into a trap that sometimes ensnares social science researchers. For example, since the 1950s authors in disparate academic and professional genres have used metaphors/analogies to better understand organizational culture and create imagery encapsulating its key components. However, this essay argues that this genre is not always associated with methodological rigor. Problems include: metaphors/analogies are often employed without associated rationale; and, authors define their object of analysis in overly broad ways and/or fail to specify an agenda. This article explores these limitations in their historical context and offers a strategy for remedying them, a strategy with implications for scholarly written communication. Identified problems and a proposed solution are somewhat generic and are therefore relevant wherever analogies are used.
Students’ attitude towards health in terms of sociological analysis
Authors: Yao Lubov , Sabitov Linar , Atambaeva Raisa , Karamova Klara , Emanova Juliana , Yao Mikhail 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective: The article is devoted to the analysis of sociological information about the attitude of students to their health.

Methods: A sociological survey among students of Kazan educational institutions of Higher Education was conducted in September-November 2020.

Results: The study showed low knowledge of students about the main medical indicators of health, the absence of a healthy lifestyle in the system of value orientations, and lack of confidence in the healthcare system.

Conclusion: The study results on low knowledge of health indicators suggests that it is necessary to conduct competent educational work on the dissemination of medical knowledge among young people, to examine students more carefully in the course of medical examination, to improve the availability and quality of health services provided to students.