bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crosstalk‐Free Mesa‐Etched Passive‐Matrix Microscale Light‐Emitting Diode Array Using Yttrium‐Iron Garnet P‐Type Resistive‐Switching Electrodes
Authors: Kim Jun Young , Lee Ho Jin , Son Kyung Rock , Yu Min Ji , Hong Seok Hee , Kim Tae Geun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMicroscale light‐emitting diodes (µLEDs) have ushered in a new era of small‐sized high‐resolution displays by integrating numerous microscale pixels within a limited panel area. However, to realize passive‐matrix‐based high‐resolution µLED displays, it is important to prevent image diffusion (crosstalk) between the pixels. Herein, p‐type resistive‐switching (RS) electrodes are introduced in a mesa‐etched passive‐matrix‐based µLED array structure to block electrical interference between adjacent pixels and eliminate cross‐talk. To distinguish between addressed and unaddressed pixels in the µLED array structure, the resistance state of the RS electrode is modulated from low (52 Ω) to high (1.2 × 107 Ω). Moreover, the RS electrode exhibits a high on/off ratio (106), good retention (105 s), and stable endurance (104 cycles). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis reveals that the switching mechanism in the RS electrodes is achieved by the generation and annihilation of oxygen vacancies in the conductive path. Consequently, the fabricated µLEDs with RS electrodes exhibit a 93.1% higher electroluminescence intensity and 95.3% higher light output power compared to a reference device fabricated through combined mesa‐ and isolation‐etching.
Highly Linear and Symmetric Analog Neuromorphic Synapse Based on Metal Oxide Semiconductor Transistors with Self‐Assembled Monolayer for High‐Precision Neural Network Computation
Authors: Park Seongmin , Seong Suwon , Jeon Gilsu , Ji Wonjae , Noh Kyungmi , Kim Seyoung , Chung Yoonyoung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work presents an analog neuromorphic synapse device consisting of two oxide semiconductor transistors for high‐precision neural networks. One of the two transistors controls the synaptic weight by charging or discharging the storage node, which leads to a conductance change in the other transistor. The programmed weight maintains for more than 300 s as electrons in the storage node are well preserved due to the extremely low off current of the oxide transistor. Ideal synaptic behaviors are achieved by utilizing superior properties of oxide transistors such as a high on/off ratio, low off current, and large‐area uniformity. To further improve the synaptic performance, self‐assembled monolayer treatment is applied for reducing the transistor conductance. The reduction of on current reduces the power consumption, and the reduced off current improves the retention characteristics. There is no noticeable decrease in simulated neural network accuracy even when the measured device‐to‐device variation is intentionally increased by 200%, indicating the possibility of large‐array operation with the synapse device.
Low‐Voltage, High‐Performance, Indium‐Tin‐Zinc‐Oxide Thin‐Film Transistors Based on Dual‐Channel and Anodic‐Oxide
Authors: Jin Jidong , Lin Xiaoyu , Zhang Jiawei , Lee Jeongho , Xiao Zhenyuan , Lee Soobin , Kim Jaekyun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOxide semiconductor thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with low‐voltage operation, excellent device performance, and bias stability are highly desirable for portable and wearable electronics. Here, the development of low‐voltage indium‐tin‐zinc‐oxide (ITZO) TFTs with excellent device performance and bias stability based on a dual‐channel layer and an anodic‐oxide dielectric layer are reported. An ultra‐thin anodic AlxOy film as a gate dielectric layer is prepared using an anodization process. The dual‐channel layer consists of an oxygen‐uncompensated channel layer and an oxygen‐compensated capping layer. It is confirmed that the dual‐channel structure is effective for enhancing device performance and bias stability in comparison with the single‐channel structure. As a result, the dual‐channel ITZO TFT gated with anodic AlxOy exhibits an effective saturation mobility of 12.56 cm2 Vs−1, a threshold voltage of 0.28 V, a subthreshold swing of 76 mV dec−1, a low‐voltage operation of 1 V, and good operational stability (threshold voltage shift (ΔVTH) < −0.03 V under a negative gate bias stress and ΔVTH < 0.15 under positive gate bias stress of 3600 s). The work shows that the ITZO TFTs, based on a dual‐channel layer and an anodic‐oxide gate dielectric layer, have great potential for low‐power, portable, and wearable electronics.
Inorganic Halide Perovskite Electromagnetic Wave Absorption System with Ultra‐Wide Absorption Bandwidth and High Thermal‐Stability
Authors: Zhang Zhi , Xiong Ziming , Yao Yao , Shi Xiaomin , Zhang Pin , Yang Zhiqian , Zhao Qing , Zhou Wenke 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHalogen perovskite, a novel semiconductor material that has gained momentum in the energy sector, has also emerged in the field of electromagnetic wave (EMW) protection. Inorganic halogen perovskites are expected to perform well owing to their excellent stability and dielectric properties. In this study, a CsPbBr3/Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite is designed using a convenient antisolvent method. In addition to an ultrawide absorption bandwidth (5.56 GHz) and ultrahigh absorption strength (|Reflection loss| = 51.74 dB), the composite shows excellent thermal stability and environmental tolerance. In an air environment, its EMW‐absorbing performance can be maintained at a high level at a temperature below 400 °C. CNTs build an efficient conductive network between CsPbBr3 to enhance the conduction loss of the composite, while it brings more defects and vacancies to the surface of CsPbBr3 to form electrical polarization centers which improving the polarization loss of the composite. This is the first study of the application of inorganic halogen perovskites in the field of EMW absorption. The excellent EMW‐absorbing performance and stability of CsPbBr3/CNTs demonstrate the great potential of inorganic halogen perovskites in the field of EMW absorption and provide a valuable reference and feasible strategy for regulating and controlling the EMW‐absorbing performance of perovskite materials.
Siblings with profound connective tissue disease: First report of biallelic TGFBR1‐related Loeys‐Dietz syndrome
Authors: Starr Lois Janelle , Lindsay Mark Evan , Lino Cardenas Christian lacks , Yetman Anji T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHeterozygous missense variants in TGFBR1, encoding one subunit of the transforming growth factor‐beta receptor, are a well‐established cause of Loeys‐Dietz syndrome (LDS)—an autosomal dominant disorder with variable phenotypic expression. Patients with LDS have compromised connective tissues that can result in life‐threatening arterial aneurysms, craniosynostosis, characteristic craniofacial and skeletal anomalies, skin translucency, and abnormal wound healing. We report a full sibship with a biallelic type of TGFBR1‐related disease. Each born at 38 weeks had aortic root dilation, congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), skin translucency, and profound joint laxity at birth. Both had progressive dilation of the aorta and recurrence of a diaphragmatic defect after plication early in infancy. Patient 1 died at 66 days of age and Patient 2 is alive at 4 years and 4 months of age with multiple morbidities including cystic lung disease complicated by recurrent pneumothoraces and ventilator dependence, craniosynostosis, cervical spine instability, progressive dilation of the aorta, worsening pectus excavatum, large lateral abdominal wall hernia, and diffuse aortic ectasia. Fibroblasts cultured from Patient 2 showed decreased TGF‐β responsiveness when compared to control fibroblasts, consistent with previous observations in cells from individuals with autosomal dominant LDS. Whole genome copy number evaluation and sequencing for both patients including their parents as reference revealed compound heterozygous variants of uncertain clinical significance in exon 2 of TGFBR1 (c.239G>A; p.Arg80Gln paternal and c.313C>G; p.His105Asp maternal) in both siblings in trans. Each parent with their respective variant has no apparent medical issues and specifically no LDS characteristics. Neither of these variants have been previously reported. Thousands of patients have been diagnosed with LDS—an established autosomal dominant disease. These siblings represent the first reports of biallelic TGFBR1‐related LDS and expand the differential diagnosis of CDH.
The Enediolate Chemistry of Free Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Wu Xin , Li Yang , Hu Haipeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe synthetic methodologies for the α‐functionalization of free carboxylic acids through the enediolate intermediates are summarized in this review. In general, the enediolates could be generated in situ or transiently from free carboxylic acids with a stoichiometric or catalytic amount of protection reagents, including metal, boron, and silicon reagents. The in situ or transient generated enediolates were subsequently subjected to racemic or asymmetric reactions with various electrophiles, producing the α‐functionalized free carboxylic acids in a single step. In addition, the enediolate could undergo an α‐oxidation reaction with TEMPO through the radical process.
Weak Electrostatic Interactions with Bisphosphine Ligands Facilitate Reductive Elimination of PhCF3 from Pd(II) Complexes
Authors: Gao Han , Hu Lingfei , Hu Yanlei , Lv Xiangying , Wu Yan‐Bo , Lu Gang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe origins of ligand effects on PhCF3 reductive elimination from PdII complexes were computationally investigated by using energy decomposition analysis. The results indicate weak electrostatic interactions between ligands and Ph−Pd−CF3 lead to small barriers of PhCF3 reductive elimination. Two major factors affecting the electrostatic interactions are identified.
Use of computational toxicology models to predict toxicological points of departure: A case study with triazine herbicides
Authors: Silva Marilyn , Kwok Ryan Kin‐Hin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtrazine simazine and propazine, widely used triazine herbicides on food crops and in residential areas, disrupt the neuroendocrine system raising human health concerns. USEPA developed a PBPK model based on triazine common Mode of Action (MOA)—suppression of luteinizing hormone surge in female rats—to generate human regulatory points of departure (POD: mg/kg/day). We compared triazine Human Administered Equivalent Dose (AEDHuman mg/kg/day) predictions from open access computational tools to the PBPK PODs to assess concordance.MethodsComputational tools were the following: ToxCast/Tox21 in vitro assays; Toxicogenomic databases to assess concordance with ToxCast/Tox21 targets; integrated chemical environment (ICE) models with ToxCast/Tox21 inputs to predict AEDHuman PODs and population‐based age‐refined high throughput toxicokinetics (HTTK‐Pop) to compare to age‐related PBPK PODs.ResultsToxCast/Tox21 assays identified critical targets in the triazine common MOA and gene databases; ICE AEDHuman predictions were mainly concordant with the USEPA PBPK PODs quantitatively. Low fold‐differences between PBPK POD and ICE AEDHuman predictions indicated that the ICE models are health‐protective. HTTK‐Pop age‐refinements were within 10‐fold of the USEPA PBPK PODs.ConclusionsCompTox tools were used to identify assay targets in the MOA and identify potential molecular initiating targets in the adverse outcome pathway for potential use in risk assessment.
Identifying symptomatic adverse events using the patient‐reported outcomes version of the common terminology criteria for adverse events in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertion mutations
Authors: Zhu Yanyan , Jean‐Baptiste Milenka , Lenderking William R. , Bell Jill A. , Revicki Dennis A. , Lin Huamao M. , Brake Rachael , Reeve Bryce B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTolerability and safety of treatments are important in oncology trials and should be informed by patient assessments. We identified the most relevant patient‐reported symptomatic adverse events (AEs) to measure in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertion mutations.MethodsThis study selected relevant symptomatic AEs from 78 AEs available in the Patient‐Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO‐CTCAE) measurement system. Initially, symptomatic AEs were selected based on literature and product labeling reviews, and then core sets of symptomatic AEs were identified by patient and clinician interviews. Qualitative and descriptive analyses were performed using the data collected from three iterative rounds of patient interviews.ResultsDuring concept elicitation interviews involving 29 patients, 12 symptomatic AEs were identified and were then adapted into a 25‐item PRO‐CTCAE form for use in future clinical trials along with commonly used PRO measures. Cognitive interviews showed that the PRO‐CTCAE items were easy to answer and appropriate for assessing the patients' experience with symptomatic AEs. This study also assessed disease symptoms, impacts, and overall patient experience.ConclusionsThe 25‐item PRO‐CTCAE form captures the most relevant symptomatic AEs in this patient population, and it is available for future studies. Baseline characterization of AEs associated with this distinct patient group contributes to our broader knowledge about NSCLC and through platforms like Project Patient Voice will expand our understanding of treatment tolerability and safety for NSCLC. Ultimately, this data collection will help inform decision‐making for patients, caregivers, healthcare providers, and regulators.
Association between peripheral blood cytopenia and cancer mortality: A race‐specific risk factor for cancer death
Authors: Adrianzen‐Herrera Diego A. , Koh Insu , Gangaraju Radhika , Akinyemiju Tomi , Zakai Neil A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCytopenia is associated with cancer through mechanisms including clonal hematopoiesis and chronic inflammation. Cytopenia is more prevalent in Black people but its relationship with racial disparities in cancer mortality is unknown.MethodsCytopenia was defined in 19,028 Black and White participants recruited between 2003 and 2007 for the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke cohort, based on age‐, sex‐, and race‐adjusted ranges for blood counts. Cancer death was ascertained from Social Security Death and National Death Indexes. Multivariable Cox models estimated the risk of cancer mortality associated with cytopenia, adjusting for demographics (model1), anemia and cancer risk factors (model2), and socioeconomics (model3). Racial differences in the cytopenia‐cancer death association were tested by cross‐product interaction terms.ResultsCytopenia was identified in 383 (2%) participants, 250 (65%) White, and 113 (35%) Black people. With median follow‐up 11.3 years, 1,224 (6.4%) cancer deaths occurred. Cytopenia was associated with increased risk of cancer mortality in model1 (HR = 1.57, 95%CI 1.15–2.24), model2 (HR = 1.67, 95%CI 1.22–2.30), and model3 (HR = 1.59, 95%CI 1.17–2.17). Participants with cytopenia had twofold increased cumulative incidence of cancer death (13% vs. 6.5%, p < 0.01). Race by cytopenia interaction terms showed higher HR for cancer death in Black compared to White participants: 2.01 versus 1.41 (pinteraction = 0.016, model1), 2.12 versus 1.45 (pinteraction = 0.009, model2), and 1.82 versus 1.44 (pinteraction = 0.04, model3).ConclusionIn this large, observational biracial prospective study, cytopenia was a risk factor for cancer death, with stronger association in Black than White people. Though race impacted the association of cytopenia with cancer mortality, cytopenia was not a mediator of the racial disparity in cancer mortality.
KLRF1, a novel marker of CD56bright NK cells, predicts improved survival for patients with locally advanced bladder cancer
Authors: Mukherjee Neelam , Ji Niannian , Tan Xi , Chen Chun‐Liang , Noel Onika D. V. , Rodriguez‐Padron Maria , Lin Chun‐Lin , Alonzo David G. , Huang Tim H. , Svatek Robert S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundBladder tumor‐infiltrating CD56bright NK cells are more tumor cytotoxic than their CD56dim counterparts. Identification of NK cell subsets is labor‐intensive and has limited utility in the clinical setting. Here, we sought to identify a surrogate marker of bladder CD56bright NK cells and to test its prognostic significance.MethodsCD56bright and CD56dim NK cells were characterized with the multiparametric flow (n = 20) and mass cytometry (n = 21) in human bladder tumors. Transcriptome data from bladder tumors (n = 351) profiled by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed. The expression levels of individual markers in intratumoral CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells were visualized in tSNE plots. Expressions of activation markers were also compared between Killer Cell Lectin‐Like Receptor Subfamily F Member 1 (KLRF1)+ and KLRF1− NK cells.ResultsIntratumoral CD56bright NK cells displayed a more activated phenotype compared to the CD56dim subset. Multiple intratumoral cell types expressed CD56, including bladder tumor cells and nonspecific intratumoral CD56 expression was associated with worse patient survival. Thus, an alternative to CD56 as a marker of CD56bright NK cells was sought. The activation receptor KLRF1 was significantly increased on CD56bright but not on CD56dim NK cells. Intratumoral KLRF1+ NK cells were more activated and expressed higher levels of activation molecules compared with KLRF1− NK cells, analogous to the distinct effector function of NK cells across CD56 expression. High intratumoral KLRF1 was associated with improved recurrence‐free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.53, p = 0.01), cancer‐specific survival (HR 0.47, p = 0.02), and overall survival (HR 0.54, p = 0.02) on multivariable analyses that adjusted for clinical and pathologic variables.ConclusionsKLRF1 is a promising prognostic marker in bladder cancer and may guide treatment decisions upon validation.
Circular economy's potential to reduce AAC carbon emissions
Authors: Kreft Oliver 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEstablishing a circular economy for Xella's building materials – among them Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) – is and will be one of Xella's key ESG projects for the coming years. In Germany, Xella has made it its goal to duplicate the powder‐input in the main AAC‐products from annually 60,000 t to 120,000 t by 2030.AAC‐powder used today emerges from the processing of AAC production leftovers, cutting residues and leftovers returned from job sites. In order to achieve the 2030 goal, Xella Germany will (1) generate new sinks, and (2) leverage new sources for AAC‐powder. Current production recipes are designed to take up emerging powder‐quantities, but nothing beyond. The present study describes the inspection and evaluation of current powder input shares per product type and options for their full exploitation by recipe amendments. In 2021, prototypes for Ytong PP2‐0,35 and PP4‐0,50 containing 20 m.‐% powder, and Ytong PP4‐0,55 containing 30 m.‐% powder were developed by the Xella Technologie‐ und Forschungsgesellschaft mbH. In order to prospectively supply sufficient quantities of AAC‐powder, Xella Germany aims at leveraging waste‐AAC from building demolition, so called “post‐demolition AAC” or “pd‐AAC”.We combined the “zero burden” and the “avoided burden methodology” to expand the life cycle assessment for the investigated circularity scenarios over the edge of waste generation. Our assessment revealed substitution credits of 0.55 kg CO2e/kg pd‐AAC for Ytong PP2‐0,35, and 0.43 respectively 0.33 kg CO2e/kg pd‐AAC for Ytong PP4‐050 and PP4‐0,55. The present study illustrates that our ambition to duplicate Xella Germany's powder consumption is achievable, when the new formulations are fully and consequently implemented. The recipe amendments have the potential to reduce expenditures for sand, quicklime, cement and gypsum/anhydrite, thereby reducing Xella Germany's annual (Scope 3) AAC carbon emissions up to 36 kt CO2e.
Experimental, equilibrium modelling, and column design for the reactive separation of biomass‐derived 2‐furoic acid
Authors: De Biswajit Samir , Dixit Ram Ji , Anand Abhas , Dhongde Vicky Rahul , Basu Suddhasatwa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElectrochemical conversion of biomass to value‐added chemicals has gained impetus in recent years. Herein, we present a methodology for recovering biomass‐derived 2‐furoic acid from the dilute aqueous stream by reactive extraction. The reactive extraction was performed using a chemical extractant, trioctylamine (TOA), with diluents (octanol, chloroform, and diethyl ether). Equilibrium parameters influencing the recovery of 2‐furoic acid were evaluated. Using TOA in various diluents, the 2‐furoic acid was recovered with 85%–99% efficiency. A 1:1 complex of the 2‐furoic acid—TOA was formed in the organic phase, and the experimental equilibrium complexation constant was compared with that obtained from the relative basicity and Langmuir models. The equilibrium parameters were used for column design to estimate the solvent to feed ratio (S/F) and the number of theoretical stages (NTS). The NTS required is 12 to attain 99% recovery of 2‐furoic acid in counter‐current extraction. The present study sheds light on the reactive extraction process adopted for process intensification with electrochemical conversion, paving the way for the commercialization of valuable products obtained from biomass.
A novel subdivision of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis in monkey, rat, and mouse brains
Authors: Ding Song‐Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BST) is a critical structure that mediates sustained vigilant responses to contextual, diffuse, and unpredictable threats. Dysfunction of the BST could lead to excessive anxiety and hypervigilance, which are often observed in posttraumatic stress disorder and anxiety disorders. Vigilance of potential future threats from the external environment is a basic brain function and probably requires rapid and/or short neural circuits, which enable both quick detection of the potential threats and fast adaptive responses. However, the BST in literature does not appear to receive spatial information directly from earlier visual or spatial processing structures. In this study, a novel subdivision of the BST is uncovered in monkey, rat, and mouse brains based on the human equivalent and is found in mouse to receive direct inputs from the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus and pretectal nucleus as well as from the spatial processing structures such as subiculum, presubiculum, and medial entorhinal cortex. This new subdivision, termed spindle‐shaped small cell subdivision (BSTsc), is located between the known BST and the anterior thalamus. In addition to the unique afferent connections and cell morphology, the BSTsc also displays unique molecular signature (e.g., positive for excitatory markers) compared with other BST subdivisions, which are mostly composed of inhibitory GABAergic neurons. The BSTsc appears to have largely overlapping efferent projections with other BST subdivisions such as the projections to the amygdala, hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, septum, and brainstem. Together, the present study suggests that the BSTsc is poised to serve as a shortcut bridge directly linking spatial information from the environment to vigilant adaptive internal responses.