bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Efficacy of 177Lu-DOTATATE in Neuroendocrine Tumor Patients With Extensive Bone Disease
Authors: Alsadik Shahad , Gnanasegaran Gopinath , Chen Luohai , Quigley Ann-Marie , Mandair Dalvinder , Toumpanakis Christos , Caplin Martyn , Navalkissoor Shaunak 
Published: May 2023

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of 177Lu-DOTATATE in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and extensive bone metastases, that is, more than 50% of the skeleton involved.

Method
A single-center retrospective analysis was performed in 30 patients (13 women and 17 men, mean age, 60 years; range, 35–77 years) undergoing 177Lu-DOTATATE therapy. Patients had progressive metastatic NETs with extensive skeletal metastases (>50% skeletal involvement seen on baseline 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT). The average administered activity was 7.308 (SD, 0.02) GBq per cycle with average treatment interval of 15 weeks. Survival analyses (progression-free survival [PFS], overall survival), radiological response assessment, toxicity assessment, and health-related quality of life (QoL) was performed.

Results
Overall, 26 patients completed 4 cycles, and 4 patients had less than 4 cycles of 177Lu-DOTATATE. One patient (3%) did not complete treatment because of hematological toxicity. The estimated median PFS and median overall survival were calculated at 27 and 35 months, respectively. End-of-treatment radiological assessment showed partial response in 5 patients (17%), stable disease in 20 patients (66%), and radiological progressive disease in 3 patients (10%). Clinical progression was seen in a further 2 patients (7%).
The incidence of grade 3/4 bone marrow toxicity was 10%. No patient had grade 3/4 peptide receptor radionuclide therapy–related nephrotoxicity. There was overall improvement in global QoL score (European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire—Gastrointestinal NET-21) (P = 0.019)

Conclusion

177Lu-DOTATATE seems to have satisfactory therapeutic outcome in patients with advanced metastatic NET with extensive bone disease, with reasonable PFS and significant improvement in the global health-related QoL. The bone marrow toxicity was within the accepted range. Increasing the interval between cycles does not seem to reduce efficacy and may reduce toxicity, ensuring the bone marrow has sufficient time to recover between cycles.
Bladder Distention Demonstrating Vesicourachal Diverticulum on 18F-FDG PET/CT Images of a Lung Cancer Patient
Authors: Lu Xuan-Ping , Sung Wen-Wei , Weng Jui-Hung , Weng Jui-Hung , Hsia Jiun-Yi , Kao Pan-Fu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A 58-year-old man with lung cancer was referred for an 18F-FDG PET/CT scan for pretreatment staging. The FDG PET/CT scan revealed focal uptakes in the lower abdomen. We differentiated the etiology of the lesions by performing a delayed scan with urine retention and bladder distension. The delayed scan demonstrated a tubular, radioactivity-filled structure arising above the urinary bladder. Combining the FDG PET/CT scan, clinical findings, and ultrasonography, we made the diagnosis of vesicourachal diverticulum.
Incidental Detection of Ilium Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis on 99mTc-DTPA Renal Dynamic Scintigraphy
Authors: Deng Yujiao , He Jian , He Limeng , Gao Haiyan , Zhang Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We report the case of a 24-year-old man who underwent 99mTc-DTPA scintigraphy for the evaluation the renal function. This scan incidentally showed an abnormal uptake of 99mTc-DTPA in the left lower abdominal region. SPECT/CT fusion images showed osteolytic bone destruction in the left ilium associated with soft tissue mass and elevated DTPA uptake. Biopsy pathology of the ilium lesion demonstrated Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
18F-FDG PET/CT of Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma of Prostate in a 17-Year-Old Boy
Authors: Datta Deepanksha , Kumar Rajesh , Chavan Nitish , Vaswani Shruti , Nalwa Aasma 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate is a rare malignancy that usually presents in childhood and adolescence with symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction. Serum prostate-specific antigen is usually normal, and 18F-FDG PET/CT has a crucial role to rule out distant metastases. We present a case of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma of the prostate in a 17-year-old boy.
Safety outcomes of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Deshpande Radhika , Patel Raj , Regmi Manjari R. , Salih Mohsin , Kropp Robert , Al-Bast Basma , Sheikh Muhammad A. , Sagalov Andrew , Kulkarni Abhishek , Siddique Momin , Hegde Shruti , Bhattarai Mukul 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-Is) have emerged as standard therapy for heart failure. We aim to assess the safety of SGLT2-Is in patients with a high risk of cardiovascular disease.

Areas covered
An electronic database search was conducted for randomized control trials comparing SGLT2-Is to placebo in patients with a high risk of cardiac disease or heart failure. Data were pooled for outcomes using random-effect models. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to compare eight safety outcomes between the two groups. The analysis included ten studies with 71 553 participants, among whom 39 053 received SGLT2-Is; 28 809 were male and 15 655 were female (mean age, 65.2 years). The mean follow-up period was 2.3 years with the range being 0.8–4.2 years. The SGLT2-Is group had a significant reduction in AKI (OR = 0.8;95% CI 0.74–0.90) and serious adverse effects (OR = 0.9; 95% CI 0.83–0.96) as compared to placebo. No difference was found in fracture (OR = 1.1; 95% CI 0.91–1.24), amputation (OR = 1.1; 95% CI 1.00–1.29), hypoglycemia (OR 0.98;95% CI 0.83–1.15), and UTI (OR = 1.1; 95% CI 1.00–1.22). In contrast, DKA (OR = 2.4; 95% CI 1.65–3.60) and volume depletion (OR = 1.2; 95% CI 1.07–1.41) were higher in SGLT2-Is group.

Expert opinion/commentary
The benefits of SLGT2-Is outweigh the risk of adverse events. They may reduce the risk of AKI but are associated with an increased risk of DKA and volume depletion. Further studies are warranted to monitor a wider range of safety outcomes of SGLT2-Is.
Marinobacter panjinensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from sea tidal flat environment
Authors: Yang Wen-Ling , An Ming-Li , He Wei-Hong , Luo Xin , Zhu Lin , Chen Guan-Bin , Zhang Ying-Tao , Wang Ya-Nan 
Published: May 2023

Two moderately halotolerant bacterium strains, designated PJ-16T and PJ-38, were isolated from a tidal flat of the red beach in Panjin City, Liaoning Province, PR China. Cells were found to be Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile, rod-shaped with a single polar flagellum. Optimum growth of strain PJ-16T occurred at 30 °C, pH 7.0 and 0.2–8.0  % (w/v) NaCl, and strain PJ-38 at 30 °C, pH 6.0–7.0 and 0.2–8.0  % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain PJ-16T was most closely related to

Marinobacter denitrificans

KCTC 62941T (99.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity),

Marinobacter algicola

DSM 16394T (98.6 %),

Marinobacter salarius

JCM 19399T (98.4 %) and

Marinobacter confluentis

KCTC 42705T (98.2 %), and strain PJ-38 was most closely related to

M. denitrificans

KCTC 62941T (99.1 %),

M. algicola

DSM 16394T (98.6 %),

M. salarius

JCM 19399T (98.4 %) and

M. confluentis

KCTC 42705T (98.1 %). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain PJ-16T based on its draft genomic sequence was 57.4 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of strain PJ-16T were C16 : 0, C16 : 1
ω7c/C16 : 1
ω6c and C18 : 1
ω9c. The major respiratory quinone of PJ-16T was ubiquinone-9 and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The results of the phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic analyses revealed that strains PJ-16T and PJ-38 represent a novel species of the genus

Marinobacter

, and the name Marinobacter panjinensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PJ-16T (= CGMCC 1.13694T= KCTC 72023T).
Experimental and computational evaluation of knee implant wear and creep under in vivo and ISO boundary conditions
Authors: Dreyer Michael J. , Hosseini Nasab Seyyed Hamed , Favre Philippe , Amstad Fabian , Crockett Rowena , Taylor William R. , Weisse Bernhard 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExperimental knee implant wear testing according to ISO 14243 is a standard procedure, but it inherently possesses limitations for preclinical evaluations due to extended testing periods and costly infrastructure. In an effort to overcome these limitations, we hereby develop and experimentally validate a finite element (FE) based algorithm, including a novel cross-shear and contact pressure dependent wear and creep model, and apply it towards understanding the sensitivity of wear outcomes to the applied boundary conditions.Specifically, we investigated the application of in vivo data for level walking from the publicly available “Stan” dataset, which contains single representative tibiofemoral loads and kinematics derived from in vivo measurements of six subjects, and compared wear outcomes against those obtained using the ISO standard boundary conditions. To provide validation of the numerical models, this comparison was reproduced experimentally on a six-station knee wear simulator over 5 million cycles, testing the same implant Stan’s data was obtained from.Experimental implementation of Stan’s boundary conditions in displacement control resulted in approximately three times higher wear rates (4.4 vs. 1.6 mm3per million cycles) and a more anterior wear pattern compared to the ISO standard in force control. While a force-controlled ISO FE model was unable to reproduce the bench test kinematics, and thus wear rate, displacement-controlled FE models accurately predicted the laboratory wear tests for both ISO and Stan boundary conditions. The credibility of the in silico wear and creep model was further established per the ASME V&V-40 standard. The model is thus suitable for supporting future patient specific models and development of novel implant designs.
Fulgor: A fast and compactk-mer index for large-scale matching and color queries
Authors: Fan Jason , Singh Noor Pratap , Khan Jamshed , Pibiri Giulio Ermanno , Patro Rob 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe problem of sequence identification or matching — determining the subset of references from a given collection that are likely to contain a query nucleotide sequence — is relevant for many important tasks in Computational Biology, such as metagenomics and pan-genome analysis. Due to the complex nature of such analyses and the large scale of the reference collections a resource-efficient solution to this problem is of utmost importance. The reference collection should therefore be pre-processed into anindexfor fast queries. This poses the threefold challenge of designing an index that is efficient to query, has light memory usage, and scales well to large collections.To solve this problem, we describe how recent advancements in associative, order-preserving,k-mer dictionaries can be combined with a compressed inverted index to implement a fast and compactcolored de Bruijngraph data structure. This index takes full advantage of the fact that unitigs in the colored de Bruijn graph aremonochromatic(allk-mers in a unitig have the same set of references of origin, or “color”), leveraging theorder-preservingproperty of its dictionary. In fact,k-mers are kept in unitig order by the dictionary, thereby allowing for the encoding of the map fromk-mers to their inverted lists in as little as 1 +o(1) bits per unitig. Hence, one inverted list per unitig is stored in the index with almost no space/time overhead. By combining this property with simple but effective compression methods for inverted lists, the index achieves very small space.We implement these methods in a tool calledFulgor. Compared toThemisto, the prior state of the art,Fulgorindexes a heterogeneous collection of 30,691 bacterial genomes in 3.8× less space, a collection of 150,000Salmonella entericagenomes in approximately 2 × less space, is at least twice as fast for color queries, and is 2 − 6× faster to construct.2012 ACM Subject ClassificationApplied computing → Bioinformatics
Population genomics reveals extensive inbreeding and purging of mutational load in wild Amur tigers
Authors: Lan Tianming , Li Haimeng , Zhang Le , Shi Minhui , Liu Boyang , Cui Liangyu , Dussex Nicolas , Wang Qing , Ma Yue , Liu Dan , Kong Weiyao , Wang Jiangang , Lu Haorong , Zhang Shaofang , Yu Jieyao , Wang Xinyu , Wu Yuxin , Niu Xiaotong , Fan Jiale , Zhao Yue , Dalén Love , Jiang Guangshun , Liu Huan , Xu Yanchun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe inbreeding is a big threat for the persistence of genetic diversity in small and isolated populations of endangered species. The homozygous genome could exacerbate inbreeding depression by introducing homozygous deleterious alleles in the population. However, purging of inbreeding loads as they become homozygotes in small populations could alleviate the depression. The Amur tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) is typically exists in small population living in forests in Northeast Asia and is among the most endangered animals on the planet with great symbolic significance of conservation. By comparing with captive individuals, we revealed substantially higher and more extensive inbreeding in the wild Amur tiger population (FROH=0.51) than in captive Amur tigers (FROH=0.26). We further found much less mutational loads in wild populations when compared with captive Amur tigers. However, the frequency of loss of function and deleterious nonsynonymous mutations inside ROH regions are much lower than that in non-ROH regions in both wild and captive Amur tigers, indicating the purging may had occurred in both populations but much effective in the wild population. In addition, we found the average frequency of deleterious alleles was much lower than that of neutral alleles in the wild population, indicating that the purifying selection contributed to the purging of mutational loads in the wild Amur tigers. These findings provide valuable genome-wide evidence to support the making of future conservation plans of wild Amur tigers.
DIURETIC AND ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE ACTIVITY OFCLERODENDRUM CHINENSE(OSBECK) MABB. AQUEOUS EXTRACT IN 8% SALT DIET INDUCED HYPERTENSIVE RATS
Authors: Odimegwu Joy I. , Okanlawon Tolulope F. , Olatunji Oluwakayode Ezekiel , Ishola Ismail 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTDiuresis refers to increase in the rate of urine flow and sodium excretion from the system via the urine. It is a necessary excretory process that may prove difficult for some disease systems e.g. enlarged prostates. Hypertension occurs as a result of systolic blood pressure higher than 140 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure higher than 90 mmHg. It is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting more a billion people worldwide. A high dietary sodium intake is one of the factors associated with the development of hypertension.Clerodendrum chinensisis used by local communities in West Africa for its diuretic and anti-hypertensive properties. We analyse the phytochemical properties of the mixed leaf, root and stem aqueous extract of the plant and investigate its anti-hypertensive and diuretic activity in Sodium chloride diet induced hypertensive rats. The anti-hypertensive effect of extract at different concentrations (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg) was studied and compared with known drug compound; Furosemide. Treated animal urine was analyzed for urinary excretion and diuretic action. The anti-hypertensive effect was statistically significant when compared with the control p < 0.001. The extract at 100mg/kg demonstrated the best systolic and diastolic blood pressure lowering potential as compared to other concentrations. The diuretic action of the plant extract at the lowest dose (100 mg/kg) was high and quantitatively similar to the standard drug. The combined powdered leaf, stem and roots aqueous extract ofC. chinensepossesses anti-hypertensive and diuretic potential in salt loaded hypertensive rats.
Sugar distributions on gangliosides guide the formation and stability of amyloid-β oligomers
Authors: Saha Jhinuk , Ford Brea J. , Boyd Sydney , Rangachari Vijayaraghavan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAggregation of Aβ peptides has been known as a key contributor to the etiology of Alzheimer’s disease. Being intrinsically disordered, the monomeric Aβ is susceptible to conformational excursions, especially in the presence of key interacting partners such as membrane lipids, to adopt specific aggregation pathways. Furthermore, key components such as gangliosides in membranes and lipid rafts are known to play important roles in the adoption of pathways and the generation of discrete neurotoxic oligomers. Yet, what roles the carbohydrates on gangliosides play in this process remains unknown. Here, using GM1, GM3, and GD3 ganglioside micelles as models, we show that the sugar distributions and cationic amino acids within Aβ N-terminal region modulate oligomerization of Aβ temporally, and dictate the stability and maturation of oligomers.
Modulation of somatosensory signal transmission in the primate cuneate nucleus during voluntary hand movement
Authors: Kubota Shinji , Sasaki Chika , Kikuta Satomi , Ito Sho , Gomi Hiroaki , Oya Tomomichi , Seki Kazuhiko 
Published: May 2023

SummarySuccessful extraction of tactile and kinematic information is crucial for appropriate motor actions in daily life. To achieve this objective, sensory signals should be effectively regulated during motor actions. This regulation is understood both empirically and conceptually, but it is not well known where and how it is implemented in the central nervous system. Here, we show that, during voluntary movement, sensory signals are already attenuated in the primate cuneate nucleus, an early processing site in the ascending lemniscus pathway. The degree of suppression was comparable with the one reported in the cortex, suggesting that psychological attenuation of somatosensation could be ascribed to the cuneate. The results also revealed that this sensory attenuation was of descending origin, suggesting that cortical sensory prediction signals could regulate cuneate sensory transmission for extracting meaningful, and attenuate unnecessary, signals for movement regulation. This recurrent sensory modulation mechanism between cortical and subcortical areas may generalize to other sensory modalities and cognitive processes.
Investigating the Relationship Between Radiotherapy Dose on the neurogenic niches and Overall Survival in NSCLC Brain Metastases
Authors: Cialdella Fia , Bruil Danique E. , van der Boog A.T.J. , Nagtegaal Steven H.J , de Vos F.Y.F. , Verhoeff J.J.C. , David Szabolcs 
Published: May 2023

SummaryBackgroundNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most common type of lung cancer, often leads to brain metastases (BMs) with a poor prognosis. Radiotherapy is the main treatment for BMs, which despite decades of development, still results in radiation of healthy tissue. Neural stem cells (NSCs), crucial for the establishment and preservation of the nervous system, are sensitive to radiation, therefore radiation damage to NSCs may affect overall survival (OS). NSCs are primarily located in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and the subgranular zone (SGZ) within the hippocampus (HPC). Our study aims to evaluate the impact of radiotherapy dose on NSCs on OS in patients with BMs from NSCLC.MethodsWe have retrospectively included 138 NSCLC patients with BMs, irradiated at a single academic institute. NSC regions were delineated on the non-enhanced T1 MR images with CAT12 and SPM. The association between regional mean doses in the SVZ and HPC and OS was examined using a Cox regression model. Additionally, survival differences between lesion contact and no direct contact with SVZ and HPC were investigated with Kaplan-Meier (KM) analysis.FindingsMultivariable Cox regression of dose on the SVZ and HPC showed a significant negative correlation, with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.366 (p = 0.041 [95% (CI) 1.013– 1.842]) and 1.194 (p = 0.037 [95% CI 1.010 – 1.411]), respectively. KM analysis did not find a relationship between lesion contact with NSC-regions and OS.InterpretationRadiotherapy dose on the neurogenic niches is correlated with poorer OS and we found no association between direct lesion contact to NSC-regions and OS. We recommend further investigation into the impact of radiation on OS and neurocognitive function in a prospective study design in order to develop treatment approaches that minimize the potential harm to NSC’s while maximizing effectiveness.FundingReceived no funds, grants, or support.
Study protocol for a Critical Realist pilot cluster-randomised controlled trial of a whole-school-based mindfulness intervention (SBMI) promoting child and adolescent mental wellbeing in Rwanda and Ethiopia
Authors: Abbott Pamela , D’Ambruoso Lucia , Yared Mahlet , McNamee Paul , Hailu Tsion , Nzabalirwa Wenceslas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis research uses a critical realist approach to understand how and why school-based mindfulness interventions designed to promote child and adolescent mental wellbeing work or do not. Poor mental wellbeing is the leading cause of illness among children and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa, with an estimated prevalence of 1 in 7. There is evidence that school-based mindfulness interventions promote child and adolescent wellbeing. Still, few interventions have been trialled in SSA, and none have examined how and why mindfulness interventions work.MethodsUsing a Critical Realist pilot cluster-randomised controlled trial; we will evaluate a school-based mindfulness intervention compared to the regular curriculum over one school year. Incorporating mindfulness into the primary school curriculum will provide proactive reach to all CA. The intervention will be codesigned by teacher educators, schoolteachers, policy actors and community members, including CAs. In each country, three schools will be selected and randomised as pilot, intervention, or control/waitlist. The mindfulness intervention will be integrated into the school curriculum and taught to all children attending the schools by classroom teachers trained to deliver it. Quantitative research will be used to measure the outcome of the intervention, and qualitative research to answer how and why questions. The primary outcome is improved mental wellbeing of pupils measured by the Acholi Psychological Assessment Instrument. Secondary outcomes will include subjective quality of life, school 'climate', school performance, and satisfaction with school. Pupils, teachers and main carers in intervention and control/waitlist schools will fill in questionnaires before and after the intervention and process evaluation will be carried out in intervention schools. The cost-effectiveness of the mindfulness intervention will be assessed.DiscussionThe evaluation will provide new interdisciplinary knowledge, and methods, to understand and sustainable impacts on CA mental wellbeing in these settings. Independent research and intervention teams will run the trial.Registration of Project: Research Registry 8799, Mar 31 2023