bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coronary disease in refractory cardiac arrest undergoing resuscitation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Franco Danilo , Goslar Tomaz , Radsel Peter , De Luca Nicola , Mancusi Costantino , Barbato Emanuele , Noc Marko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsBecause re-establishment of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in patients with cardiac arrest is frequently not achieved by conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation (C-CPR), selected patients may undergo resuscitation with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (E-CPR). We compared angiographic features and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between patients undergoing E-CPR and those with ROSC after C-CPR.Methods and resultsForty-nine consecutive E-CPR patients undergoing immediate coronary angiography admitted between August 2013 and August 2022 were matched to 49 patients with ROSC after C-CPR. Multivessel disease (69.4% vs. 34.7%; P = 0.001), ≥ 50% unprotected left main (ULM) stenosis (18.4% vs. 4.1%; P = 0.025), and ≥1 chronic total occlusion (CTO) (28.6% vs. 10.2%; P = 0.021) were more often documented in E-CPR group. There was no significant differences in the incidence, features, and distribution of acute culprit lesion which was present in &gt;90%. Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery (SYNTAX) (27.6 vs. 13.4; P = 0.002) and GENSINI (86.2 vs. 46.0; P = 0.001) scores were increased in E-CPR group. Optimal cut-off predicting E-CPR was 19.75 for SYNTAX (sensitivity 74%, specificity 87%) and 60.50 (sensitivity 69%, specificity 75%) for GENSINI score. More lesions were treated (1.3 vs. 1.1 lesions/patient; P = 0.002) and stents implanted (2.0 vs. 1.3/patient; P &lt; 0.001) in E-CPR group. Final TIMI three flow was comparable (88.6% vs. 95.7%; P = 0.196) but residual SYNTAX (13.6 vs. 3.1; P &lt; 0.001) and GENSINI (36.7 vs. 10.9; P &lt; 0.001) scores remained increased in E-CPR group.ConclusionExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation patients have more multivessel disease, ULM stenosis, and CTO but similar incidence, features, and distribution of acute culprit lesion. Despite more complex PCI, revascularization is less complete.
El estado constitucional mexicano: una constelación de autonomías
Authors: Ugarte Pedro Salazar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article describes the emergence, evolution, and current crisis of autonomous constitutional bodies in Mexico. To this end, it begins by portraying the context in which they emerged, emphasizing four fundamental elements that explain and situate them historically and politically. It then describes certain distinctive features of these bodies and how they represent a change in Mexican constitutional democracy. Finally, it refers to the ongoing challenge these autonomous constitutional bodies face due to the adversarial stance that the President of the Republic has adopted against them.
Competitive Neutrality: OECD Recommendations and the Australian Experience
Authors: Smith Rhonda L , Healey Deborah , Bai Xue 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The OECD in May 2021 adopted a recommendation that governments “ensure competitive neutrality to the maximum extent practicable and unless overriding Public Policy Objectives require otherwise.” This article discusses practical issues surrounding the formal implementation of competitive neutrality in a jurisdiction, using the well-established Australian framework as an exemplar. It illustrates the strengths and weaknesses of the Australian system and provides guidance to other jurisdictions in formulating their approaches to implementing the Recommendation. It demonstrates that implementation of competitive neutrality at a practical level is a complex exercise, which demands both strategic vision and detailed planning.
Completeness in partial type theory
Authors: Kuchyňka Petr , Raclavský Jiří 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present paper provides a completeness proof for a system of higher-order logic framed within partial type theory. The framework is a modification of Tichý’s extension of Church’s simple type theory, equipped with his innovative natural deduction system in sequent style. The system deals with both total and partial (multiargument) functions-as-mappings and also accommodates algorithmic computations arriving at various objects of the framework. The partiality of a function or a failure of a computation is not represented by a postulated null object such as the third truth value. The logical operators of the system are classical. Another welcome feature of this expressive system is that its consequence relation is monotonic.
Shell shape as a potential predictor of age class in the invasive snailLissachatina fulica
Authors: Marins Gabriel , Patiño-Montoya Angie , Tidon Rosana 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the life-history traits of invasive species can increase the effectiveness of eradication efforts and decrease costs. In the giant African snail Lissachatina fulica, one of the 100 worst invasive species on the planet, age structure can be an important indicator of invasiveness. Here, we associated variation in snail size with variation in weight and shell shape, in an effort to better understand the growth pattern in this species. Our study involved two components: we estimated the allometric relationship between weight and length in a natural population and monitored developmental variation in snail shape, weight, length and nutritional condition (condition factor) in a lab population. The weight and length growth patterns of the lab population were estimated independently using exponential regressions based on weekly measurements; shell shape was quantified using geometric morphometrics. In both populations, we found negative allometry between weight and length, suggesting that snail shells tend to elongate during growth. Geometric morphometrics confirmed this pattern and revealed that the change from a rounded to an elongated shell shape does not occur at a constant pace but during a specific growth interval (i.e. at a shell length of 55–65 mm), which is described in the literature as the size when the animal becomes hermaphroditic. Future studies should test whether the shape change reported here corresponds to the transition to the hermaphrodite age class, and with this in mind, we provide two simple morphological indexes that allow us to characterize shell shape as rounded or elongated. If shell size and shape are indicative of the transition to the hermaphroditism, then our findings can help to place individuals of L. fulica into appropriate age classes, and this will represent a useful baseline for development of eradication policies.
Twelver Shi'ism in Modern India
Authors: Jones Justin 
Published: February 2023

Shiʿi Muslims represent a sizeable minority of Muslims across South Asia, including in India; while there is no official enumeration, Shiʿis are often said to comprise approximately 10–15 percent of India’s Muslim population, which may put the current population at around 20 million. The Indian subcontinent has long been home to a range of Twelver Shiʿi communities, many of elite ancestry with Iranian or Arab heritage, and many of whom have historically exacted strong political influence. Significant semi-autonomous Shiʿi ruling dynasties emerged in the era of Mughal decline prior to the formation of the British Raj, including the Nawabs of Bengal, who ruled from Murshidabad (1717–1757), and most notably, the Nawabs (and, later, “Kings”) of Awadh: a dynasty of Nishapuri origins who founded their semi-autonomous North Indian state in 1722. Awadh, centered on the city of Lucknow, was revered as a center of Shiʿi learning and culture with close ties of pilgrimage and learning to Iraq, before it was finally annexed by the British Raj in 1856. Another Shiʿi community of great significance is located in the Deccan region in South India, especially the city of Hyderabad, where the political patronage of Shiʿism as state religion under the Qutb Shahi dynasty (1512–1687) ensured that the community remained politically and culturally significant, with this influence being maintained even in the court of the predominantly Sunni Asif Jahi dynasty (1724–1948). While Shiʿi political influence diminished during British rule, these and other Shiʿi ruling elites remained influential as major landholders and rulers of princely states, among them the Qizilbash dynasty in Punjab, Rajas of Mahmudabad, and Nawabs of Rampur in North India. Moreover, as an influential section of India’s Muslim elites, Shiʿis played a role in most currents of Muslim modernism and Muslim politics throughout the colonial period. However, Shiʿis had a largely ambivalent relationship with the major currents of Muslim political mobilization in British India. Ultimately, prominent Shiʿis participated actively in the Pakistan movement, but many Shiʿi groups opposed the creation of Pakistan. In independent India, Shiʿis have sometimes framed themselves as a “minority within a minority,” marginalized both as Muslims and by Muslims. Nevertheless, remnants of Shiʿism’s historic importance still inflect broader Muslim cultural life in many regions. Shiʿi communities are most visible and organized during the annual commemoration of Muharram, which is often marked by major public demonstrations of mourning, and which has occasionally led to local conflicts with Sunnis. (Note that this entry covers only the Twelver Shiʿis of modern India [i.e., British India since c. 1857, and independent India since 1947]; readers may wish to read it in conjunction with separate entries elsewhere on Ismaʿili Shiʿism in South Asia and/or Shiʿism in Pakistan.)
The Fur Trade
Authors: Pastore Christopher , Petty Daniel 
Published: February 2023

By the late Middle Ages, populations of fur-bearing animals had been heavily depleted across Europe. Conferring wealth and privilege, furs were symbols of superiority for the nobility and success for the upwardly mobile. Elites spent lavishly on furs, which sent merchants and monarchs alike in search of new sources. The most sought after fur-bearing animal was the beaver, whose winter coat was soft, warm, and could be easily felted. In search of beavers, some fur traders, including those from the English Muscovy Company (c. 1555) looked east, primarily to Russia. Others looked west to the New World. As a result, the pursuit of fur skins became an important driver of Atlantic expansion. The search for furs shaped the contours of European and Native American cultural contact and exchange and played a central role in the Atlantic contest for empire. Long before European contact, Native Americans valued fur skins for clothing, art, and as spiritual symbols. Traded among Native nations, furs later became important objects of exchange with Europeans. By the 17th century, Native hunters and French explorers had scoured waterways from Newfoundland to the St. Lawrence River and west to the Great Lakes. The English and their Indian allies hunted Hudson Bay to the north as well as the rivers of New England and the mid-Atlantic to the south. The Dutch and their Native partners scoured the region between the Delaware and Connecticut Rivers but were particularly attentive to the Hudson and Mohawk River watersheds—that is, until the English takeover in 1664 and again (and for good) a decade later. In search of furs, the Spanish and French pushed north from New Orleans into the plains, mountains, and deserts of the continental West. During the 18th and 19th centuries increasing numbers of Europeans and Euro-Americans ventured across continental North America on foot and by oar and paddle. Others crossed via the Panama isthmus or sailed around Cape Horn into the Pacific in search of furs. In some cases, they traded with Natives, and in others they trapped. They established corporations, which organized new economies of extraction, decimating populations of fur-bearing animals from the Missouri River to the Bering Strait. This reshaped river, prairie, mountain, and coastal ecologies across North America, which transformed European and Native American cultures and economies in return.
Electrospun naringin-loaded microsphere/sucrose acetate isobutyrate system promotes macrophage polarization toward M2 and facilitates osteoporotic bone defect repair
Authors: Li Jihong , Song Jinlin , Meng Di , Yi Yin , Zhang Ting , Shu Yu , Wu Xiaohong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRepairing osteoporotic bone defects is still a major clinical challenge. Recent studies have revealed that immune response is also essential in osteogenesis. The intrinsic inflammatory response of the host, especially the M1/M2 polarization status and inflammatory secretory function of macrophages, can directly affect osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, in this study, an electrospun naringin-loaded microspheres/sucrose acetate isobutyrate (Ng-m-SAIB) system was constructed to investigate its effect on the polarization of macrophage and osteoporotic bone defects. The results of both in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that Ng-m-SAIB had good biocompatibility and could promote the polarization of macrophage toward M2, thereby forming a favorable microenvironment for osteogenesis. The animal experiments also showed that Ng-m-SAIB could promote the osteogenesis of critical size defects in the skull of the osteoporotic model mouse (the senescence-accelerated mouse-strain P6). Together, these results collectively suggested that Ng-m-SAIB might be a promising biomaterial to treat osteoporotic bone defects with favorable osteo-immunomodulatory effects.
High-Quality Nuclear Genome and Mitogenome of Bipolaris sorokiniana LK93, a Devastating Pathogen Causing Wheat Root Rot
Authors: Zhang Wanying , Yang Qun , Yang Lei , Li Haiyang , Zhou Wenqing , Meng Jiaxing , Hu Yanfeng , Wang Limin , Kang Ruijiao , Li Honglian , Ding Shengli , Li Guotian 
Published: February 2023

Bipolaris sorokiniana, one of the most devastating hemibiotrophic fungal pathogens, causes root rot, crown rot, leaf blotching, and black embryos of gramineous crops worldwide, posing a serious threat to global food security. However, the host-pathogen interaction mechanism between B. sorokiniana and wheat remains poorly understood. To facilitate related studies, we sequenced and assembled the genome of B. sorokiniana LK93. Nanopore long reads and next generation sequencing short reads were applied in the genome assembly, and the final 36.4-Mb genome assembly contains 16 contigs with the contig N50 of 2.3 Mb. Subsequently, we annotated 11,811 protein-coding genes. Of these, 10,620 were functional genes, 258 of which were identified as secretory proteins, including 211 predicted effectors. Additionally, the 111,581-bp mitogenome of LK93 was assembled and annotated. The LK93 genomes presented in this study will facilitate research in the B. sorokiniana–wheat pathosystem for better control of crop diseases. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Results of the 2022 Wound Survey on Skin Failure/End-of-Life Terminology and Pressure Injuries
Authors: Sibbald R. Gary , Ayello Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
To summarize the major findings of a survey first conducted in 2019 and repeated in 2022 and review new concepts (angiosomes and pressure injuries) and challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS
This survey captures participants’ ranking of agreement or disagreement with 10 statements on Kennedy terminal ulcers, Skin Changes At Life’s End, Trombley-Brennan terminal tissue injuries, skin failure, and unavoidable/avoidable pressure injuries. The survey was hosted online by SurveyMonkey from February 2022 until June 2022. All interested persons were able to participate in this voluntary, anonymous survey.

RESULTS
Overall, 145 respondents participated. The same nine statements achieved at least 80% agreement (somewhat agree or strongly agree) as in the previous survey. The one statement that did not reach consensus also failed to reach consensus in the 2019 survey: “The concept of skin failure does not include pressure injuries.”

CONCLUSIONS
It is the authors’ hope that this will stimulate more research into terminology and etiology of skin changes in persons at end of life and encourage more research regarding terminology and criteria to define which skin lesions are unavoidable or avoidable.
Perinatal Injectable Opioid Agonist Therapy (iOAT) Administration: A Case Series
Authors: Patricelli Charissa J. , Chai Jessie , Gordon Shanlea , Gouin Isabelle J. , Carter Nicole , Stewart Karly , Paquette Vanessa , Urbanoski Karen , Albert Arianne 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
Untreated opioid use disorder (OUD) in pregnancy may lead to adverse outcomes for the individual and fetus. Injectable opioid agonist therapy (iOAT) is the highest intensity treatment for severe refractory OUD currently available; however, research on perinatal administration is limited. We present the first known case series of 13 pregnant or postpartum participants who received intravenous hydromorphone while admitted to the Families in Recovery (FIR) unit, an in-patient perinatal stabilization unit in Canada.

Methods
Patients who received iOAT at FIR between 2019 and 2022 were invited to participate. Prospectively enrolled participants completed a self-report sociodemographics and exposures survey. Medical/social backgrounds of participants at admission, iOAT and other opioid agonist therapy administration, and health/social outcomes of mother and infant at discharge were collected on all participants via retrospective maternal and infant medical chart review.

Results
Participants initiated iOAT while pregnant (n = 5) or postpartum (n = 8) and received iOAT for 23 days on average. At discharge, 8 participants underwent planned transition to community with infant in their care and a discharge plan including outpatient prescriptions, housing arrangements, follow-up appointments, and supportive programming. All infants received oral morphine after delivery and were discharged in good health.

Conclusions
This is the first known case series of iOAT administration in the peripartum. The cases illustrate iOAT as an option that can achieve OUD stabilization in perinatal individuals to support patient engagement and retention in care.
Comparison of 3 Methods for Measuring Gastric Tube Length in Newborns
Authors: Manzo Bruna Figueiredo , Marcatto Juliana Oliveira , Ferreira Bruna , Galvão Diniz Catharine , Parker Leslie A. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Incorrectly positioned gastric tubes occur in approximately 60% of infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), increasing the risk of potentially serious complications.

Purpose:
To compare 3 methods of determining gastric tube insertion length in infants in the NICU.

Methods:
In this randomized triple-blind clinical trial, 179 infants admitted to the NICU were randomized to have their gastric tube insertion length determined by 1 of 3 methods: (1) the nose, earlobe, mid-umbilicus (NEMU) method, (2) a weight-based method, or (3) an age-related height-based (ARHB) method. Positioning of the gastric tube was verified by radiograph. R software was used for analyses. To compare categorical variables, Fisher's exact test, χ2 tests, and simulated χ2 tests were used.

Results:
Overall, infants had a mean gestational age of 35 weeks, 115 (58.8%) were male, and the mean birth weight was 2481.5 g. Upon radiological assessment, 145 gastric tubes (81.3%) were correctly positioned in the gastric body or greater curvature of the stomach with the weight-based method having the highest percentage of correctly positioned gastric tubes (n = 53; 36.6%), followed by the ARHB method (n = 47; 32.4%) and the NEMU method (n = 45; 31.0%). No significant differences were identified between groups (P = .128).

Implication for Practice and Research:
Despite the NEMU method being the most commonly used method in clinical practice, the weight-based and ARHB methods to determine gastric tube insertion length may be more accurate.
Long-term results of synovectomy in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zeng Weinan , Yu Zeping , Wang Simeng , Chen Anjing , Zeng Yiping , Yang Qingjun , Li Yujuan , Li Qi , Zhou Zongke 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Synovectomy has been introduced into total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with the aim of relieving pain and inflammation of the synovium. However, there are no long-term, comparative data to evaluate the effect of synovectomy in TKA. This study was aimed at assessing pain, function, and complications in patients undergoing synovectomy during TKA for osteoarthritis (OA) at long-term follow-up.

Methods:
This was a prospective randomized controlled trial of 42 consecutive patients who underwent staged bilateral TKA. Patients undergoing the first-side TKA were allocated to receive TKA with or without synovectomy followed by a 3-month washout period and crossover to the other strategy for the opposite-side TKA. The overall efficacy of both strategies was evaluated by determination of blood loss, the Knee Society score (KSS), and knee inflammation conditions during a 3-month postoperative period. The postoperative pain, range of motion (ROM), and complications were sequentially evaluated to compare the two groups until 10 years after surgery.

Results:
At the 10-year follow-up, both groups had a similarly significantly improved ROM (114.88 ± 9.84° vs. 114.02 ± 9.43°, t = 0.221, P = 0.815) and pain relief with no differences between the two groups (1.0 [1.0] vs. 1.0 [1.5], U = 789.500, P = 0.613). Similar changes in total blood loss, KSS, and knee inflammation were found in both groups during 3 months postoperatively (P > 0.05). Additionally, there was no significant difference regarding complications and satisfaction between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Synovectomy in conjunction with TKA for primary OA does not seem to provide any benefit regarding postoperative pain, ROM, and satisfaction during a 10-year follow-up. In addition, it may not result in more blood loss and increased incidence of long-term complications. Based on our long-term findings, it should not be performed routinely.

Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR-INR-16008245; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=13334.
Leucine-rich repeats containing 4 protein (LRRC4) in memory, psychoneurosis, and glioblastoma
Authors: Deng Kun , Wu Minghua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Leucine-rich repeats containing 4 (LRRC4, also named Netrin-G ligand 2 [NGL-2]) is a member of the NetrinGs ligands (NGLs) family. As a gene with relatively high and specific expression in brain, it is a member of the leucine-rich repeat superfamily and has been proven to be a suppressor gene for gliomas, thus being involved in gliomagenesis. LRRC4 is the core of microRNA-dependent multi-phase regulatory loops that inhibit the proliferation and invasion of glioblastoma (GB) cells, including LRRC4/NGL2-activator protein 2 (AP2)-microRNA (miR)182-LRRC4 and LRRC4-miR185-DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1)-LRRC4/specific protein 1 (SP1)-DNMT1-LRRC4. In this review, we demonstrated LRRC4 as a new member of the partitioning-defective protein (PAR) polarity complex that promotes axon differentiation, mediates the formation and plasticity of synapses, and assists information input to the hippocampus and storage of memory. As an important synapse regulator, aberrant expression of LRRC4 has been detected in autism, spinal injury and GBs. LRRC4 is a candidate susceptibility gene for autism and a neuro-protective factor in spinal nerve damage. In GBs, LRRC4 is a novel inhibitor of autophagy, and an inhibitor of protein–protein interactions involving in temozolomide resistance, tumor immune microenvironment, and formation of circular RNA.