bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Economic Analysis of Isolator Placement in the Radial Network for Enhancement of Reliability Indicators
Authors: Madhav Manish Kumar , Yadav Krishna Bihari 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a novel technique to upgrade the distribution network reliability indices in the radial electrical distribution system. The genetic algorithm (GA) technique is used to determine the optimum position and number of isolators in the electrical distribution network. The problem formulation of this real problem is formulated with the product of unavailability and the total number of consumers affected under the constraints of the optimal number of switches. Among various reliability indices system average interruption duration index is selected to realize the problem. The technique is applied on 34 and 59 load point systems and the results show the acceptance of the suggested method in the paper. This algorithm is compared with particle swarm optimization on 22 and 34 bus system and found GA provide better result. It is also analyzed that the customer-oriented and energy-oriented indices upgraded sharply and consumers service indices are very good so that profit of the distribution company enhanced. All reliability indices improve after optimum switch placement in a radial distribution network. Diminution in Energy not served (ENS) shows that the last end of customers is satisfied with the performance of service provided in their area.
An uncommon case of an acute onset Growing skull fracture: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Shah Het , Ghoniya Raj , Goyal Sarvesh , Singla Raghav , Gupta Deepak , Kokkula Praneeth 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Growing skull fracture’s (GSF) are rare complications of pediatric skull fractures with a reported incidence of 0.05–1.6%. They are most commonly seen in children less than 5 years of age. Most commonly, the onset of symptoms from the time of trauma ranges from weeks to months, with very few cases reported in literature which have an acute onset within a few days. Here we present a case of a 2 year child with a history of traumatic linear skull fracture who had an acute onset of scalp swelling within 4 days of trauma. An MRI scan showed the presence of a GSF and urgent surgical repair in the form of duraplasty and cranioplasty was undertaken. Awareness regarding the possibility of an acute onset of GSF is important for neurosurgeons as early surgical repair has been shown to reduce neurological complications.
Improving testing capacity for COVID-19: Experiences and lessons from Senegal, Uganda, Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: bosonkie marc , Egbende Landry , Namale Alice , Fawole Olufunmilayo I. , Seck Ibrahima , Susan Kizito , Kaba Didine , Kiwanuka Suzanne , Diallo Issakha , Bello Segun , Kabwama Steven N. , Kashiya Yves , Monje Fred , D Dairo M. , Bondo Berthold , Namuhani Noel , Leye Mamadou MM , S Adebowale A. , Bassoum Oumar , Bamgboye Eniola A. , Fall Manel , Salawu Mobolaji , Afolabi Rotimi , Ndejjo Rawlance , Wanyenze Rhoda K. , Mapatano Mala Ali , Marc Bosonkie Mokanisa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: African countries leveraged testing capacities to enhance public health action in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper describes experiences and lessons learned during the improvement of testing capacity throughout the COVID-19 response in Senegal, Uganda, Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
Methods: The four countries’ testing strategies were studied using a mixed-methods approach. Desk research on COVID-19 testing strategies was conducted and complemented by interviewing key informants. The findings were synthesized to demonstrate learning outcomes across the four countries.
Results: The four countries demonstrated severely limited testing capacities at the onset of the pandemic. These countries decentralized COVID-19 testing services by leveraging preexisting laboratory systems such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and GeneXpert used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) to address this gap and the related inequities, engaging the private sector, establishing new laboratories, and using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) to expand testing capacity and reduce the turnaround time (TAT). The use of digital platforms improved the TAT. Testing supplies were sourced through partners, although access to global markets was challenging. Case detection remainssuboptimal due to high costs, restrictive testing strategies, testing access challenges, and misinformation, which hinder thedemand for testing. The TAT for PCR remained a challenge, while RDT use was underreported, although Senegal manufactured RDTs locally. Key findings indicate that regionally coordinated procurement and manufacturing mechanisms are required, that testing modalities must be simplified for improved access, and that the risk-based testing strategy limits comprehensive understanding of the disease burden.
Conclusions: Although testing capacities improved significantly during the pandemic, case detection and access to testing remained suboptimal. The four countries could benefit from further simplification of testing modalities and cost reduction. Local manufacturing and pooled procurement mechanisms for diagnostics are needed for optimal pandemic preparedness and response.
Surgical Management of Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis using the end-capping technique with Antibiotic Loaded Calcium Sulphate Hydroxyapatite (Cerament®)
Authors: Feeney Sally , Modha Ravi Krishān , Smither Madeleine , Rees Sharon 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Antibiotic loaded calcium sulphate hydroxyapatite (Cerament®) is being used increasingly to treat infections of the lower limb, in particular those associated with diabetes mellitus. Cerament® readily integrates and is replaced by new bone, whilst allowing for continued new bone integration. When impregnated with antibiotics, it also provides antimicrobial action and closure of dead space.
Methodology
This single centre, retrospective case series presents 16 patients who underwent pedal resection of amputation for the management of diabetic foot osteomyelitis. Primary outcomes measured include infection eradication, healing time, antibiotic duration with secondary measures including complication rate and duration of hospital admission.
Results
The average age of the cohort was 58.88 years (SD 10.09) and 87.5% of patients were male with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A paired t-test was conducted to examine whether the duration of infected ulceration and post-operative resolution time was statistically significant t(16) = 4.86, p = .0002, df = 15. Two tailed independent t-tests demonstrated no significant difference between reulceration rate in patients treated with Cerament® V and G (t(14) = 0.71, p = .491). Fishers exact tests demonstrated there was no significant correlation between treatment with Cerament® and complication rates, neurovascular status, preoperative antibiotic duration, post operative antibiotic durations, Texas wound classification, suggesting that these could be independent of one another. 100% of ulcers healed post intervention.
Discussion
This study demonstrates that earlier intervention and the use of Cerament® reduces the need for extended antibiotic treatment and may contribute to the prevention of widespread antibiotic resistance associated with antibiotics. Furthermore, use of antibiotic combinations in bone cement is thought to improve antibiotic efficacy and minimise failure relating to resistance, whilst resolving chronic osteomyelitis at an improved rate.
Conclusion
Cerament® provides an easy to use, safe and effective medium for bone substitution and local antibiotic delivery, in the case of patients undergoing pedal amputations for diabetic foot osteomyelitis. There was a low rate of complications and minimal re-infection rate. The limitations of this study include the small sample size, short term follow up and lack of control group, therefore further prospective study would be beneficial.
Evaluation of CMIP6 Historical Simulations over IGAD region of Eastern Africa
Authors: Omay Paulino Omoj , Muthama Nzioka J. , Oludhe Christopher , Kinama Josiah M. , Artan Guleid , Atheru Zachary 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Accuracy of model’s simulations are critical for climate change and its socio-economic impact. In this study, we evaluated 23 Global climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6). The main objective was to identify top 10 best performance models in capturing patterns of rainfall for the 1981–2014 period over the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) region of Eastern Africa. The total rainfall, annual cycle, continuous, categorical and Volumatic statistical metrics, scatter plots, Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) and colored code portrait were used to assess the patterns of total rainfall. Results indicate that most CMIP6 models generally capture the characteristics of the observed climatology pattern of total rainfall, bimodal and unimodal rainfall regimes. The majority of models over Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASALs) in Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia and Sudan scored lowest skills, highest bias and over-estimated rainfall. In addition, 21 out of 23 CMIP6 over-estimated rainfall over most parts of the region. The ACCESS-ESM1-5 and MIROC6 are the most over-estimated models opposed to CNRM-CM6-1HR as the most model under-estimated rainfall, highest bias and RMSE values. The regional and sub-national analysis showed, it is inconclusive to select best performed models based on individual metric. Out of 23 models, the INM-CM5-0, HadGEM3-GC31-MM, CMCC-CM2-HR4, IPSL-CM6A-LR, KACE-1-0-G, EC-Earth3, NorESM2-MM, GFDL-ESM4, TaiESM1 and KIOST-ESM are the best 10 performance models over IGAD region. These findings highlight the importance of selecting best performance models for mapping present and future hotspots and extreme rainfall events over the IGAD region of Eastern Africa.
Web Augmentation: A systematic mapping study
Authors: Aldalur Iñigo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The potential of Web Augmentation lies in the fact that all users need to adapt the content, style or behavior of the web pages they visit. The reason for this is that all human beings are different in desires and needs, but everybody accesses web pages designed for the general public and this cannot satisfy everyone. Web Augmentation tools have different objectives, for example when modifying content, style or behavior. Similarly, some tools are designed to adapt web pages on mobile devices and others, on the contrary, on computers. This mapping study aims to provide information on the trends of the last years in relation to Web Augmentation for each of the features of Web Augmentation tools. By analyzing the data provided, information can be extracted to design new mechanisms for the creation of new Web Augmentation tools in the future.
Critical behavior’s and spontaneous magnetization’s estimation through magnetic entropy change in CoFeCuO 4 spinel ferrite
Authors: Nasri M. , Hamdi Rafik , Dhahri E. , Hlil E. K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this work we are basically interested in the critical behavior study of the CoFeCuO4 spinel ferrite and the determination of its spontaneous magnetization through magnetic entropy change. This sample was prepared by the sol-gel method, the Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction proves the cubic spinel structure with the Fd3̅m space group. Besides, the second order ferromagnetic (FM)/paramagnetic (PM) phase transition is exhibited by the studied compound at a Curie-temperature TC= 688K. The magnetic entropy change (ΔSM) is evaluated based on Maxwell relations. Its maximum value at μ0H = 5 T is 0.6 J.kg-1.K-1 , it corresponds to a value of 64.34 J.kg-1 for the relative cooling power (RCP), which makes our sample as a promising material for the magnetic refrigeration (MR) technology. The critical exponents 𝛽 , 𝛾 and 𝛿 are deduced from the field dependence of the magnetic entropy change and the relative cooling power. The found values aren’t in good agreement with those found according to (MAP), (K-F) and (CIA) methods. The spontaneous magnetization values determined through the magnetic entropy change (ΔSM vs. M2) aren’t in good agreement with those corresponding to the classical extrapolation of arrott curves (μ0H/M vs. M2). Subsequently, using the magnetic entropy change for the critical behavior and spontaneous magnetization study in CoFeCuO4 spinel ferrite isn’t well appropriate.
Hyphomicrobium spp. thriving at lanthanide-enriched sites can complement biomining alternatives
Authors: Valdés James , Petrash Daniel , Konhauser Kurt 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Current biomining alternatives focus on exploiting metal-binding proteins with an exceptional affinity for lanthanides (Ln3+). Herein, we developed an in-silico competition model for ionic binding indicating the α-proteobacterium, Hyphomicrobium methylovorum, possesses a protein that potentially binds Ln3+ more efficiently than previous homologous protein studies demonstrate. Data regarding microbial receptors mediating acquisition of Ln3+ for intracellular transport, however, remain scarce. We therefore determined the in-silico binding capacity of an H. methylovorum outer membrane receptor for a chelating siderophore of Ln3+. These in-silico results directed us to examine the microbiome of a former coal mine, now metal-polluted lake in Czechia, where we identified twelve distinct Hyphomicrobium spp. indigenous to the bottom ferruginous waters. As consortia members of Fe(II)-/Mn(II)-oxidizers within waters often enriched in Ln3+, our findings suggest that select Hyphomicrobium possess a sufficient molecular armament for scavenging Ln3+. Hyphomicrobium scavenging capacity of Ln3+ can complement and diversify current alternatives implementing biotechnological mining methods.
Sancılı Yıllar: Yerel Basına Göre İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın Muğla’ya Yansıması
Authors: AKÇA Bayram 
Published: March 2023

1933 yılında Almanya’nın, İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası imzaladığı Versay Antlaşması’nı tanımaması ve ardından da 1939 yılında Çekoslovakya’yı işgal etmesi hem Avrupa ülkelerini hem de Türkiye’yi endişelendirmiştir.1940 yılında İtalya’nın önce savaşa girmesi ardından da Yunanistan’a saldırması savaşın Balkanlara ve Ege Adalarına yayılmasına neden olmuştur.1941 yılında Yunanistan, İtalyan yayılmasını durdurmuş, ancak defa da Almanlar önce Balkanları sonra da Yunanistan ve Ege Adalarını işgal etmiştir. Almanlar Balkanlar ve Yunanistan’ı işgal ettikten sonra savaşa girmesi konusunda Türkiye’ye baskı yapmıştır. Ancak bu konuda başarılı olamamıştır. 1942 yılından itibaren bu defa müttefikler Casablanka, Tahran, Kahire ve Yalta Konferansları sırasında savaşa girmesi konusunda Türkiye’ye baskı yapmıştır. Türkiye bu baskılara direnmiş ve savaşa girmemiştir. Ancak 1945 yılında toplanan Yalta Konferansı’ndan sonra Türkiye, Almanya ve Japonya’ya savaş ilan ederek müttefik devletlerin yanında yer almıştır. Böylece Türkiye 5 Mart 1945 tarihinde toplanan San Fransisko Konferansı’na katılan Türkiye Birleşmiş Milletlerin kurucu üyeleri arasında yerini almıştır.
Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de İkinci Dünya Savaşı’ndan en fazla etkilenen illerden birisi olan Muğla İlinde yaşanan olaylar 1939-1945 yılları arası yayınlanan yerel basın takip edilerek ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu bağlamda, 1939 yılında savaşın başlaması üzerine Muğla’da Valilik tarafından korunma tatbikatları yapılmış sonra savaşın Yunanistan ve Ege Adaları’na yayılması üzerine ışık karartma gibi korunma tedbirleri uygulanmıştır. Diğer yandan savaşın Ege adalarına yayılmasından sonra Muğla İli birçok bombalama, vapur batırma v.b tecavüz olaylara maruz kalmıştır. Ancak savaş sırasında Muğla İli’nin yaşadığı en önemli olay Ege Adalarının önce İtalyanlar, sonra Almanlar ve daha sonra da İngilizler tarafından bombalanması üzerine buradaki birçok sivil ve asker daha güvenli bir yer olan Muğla İline göç etmiştir. Ayrıca bu çalışmada İkinci Dünya savaşı sırasında dönemin Hükümeti tarafından acil askeri ihtiyaçları karşılamak için çıkarılan Varlık Vergisi’nin Muğla İlinde uygulanışı hakkında ayrıntılı bilgi verilmiştir.
Demokrat Parti Döneminde 30 Ağustos Zafer Bayramı Algısı (1950 - 1960)
Authors: YILDIRIM KIRIŞ Özlem 
Published: March 2023

Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın Başkomutanlık görev süresi 20 Temmuz 1922’de Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi tarafından süresiz şekilde uzatılmıştır. Taarruz hazırlıkları büyük bir gizlilik içerisinde sürdürülmüş ve 26 Ağustos 1922’de kesin taarruz emri verilmiştir. Türk Birlikleri ile Yunan birlikleri arasında 28 Ağustos - 30 Ağustos arası şiddetli çatışmalar meydana gelmiştir. 30 Ağustos’a kadar devam eden mücadelede Yunan kuvvetleri Dumlupınar’ın kuzeyinde Aslıhanlar bölgesinde yok edilmiştir. Mustafa Kemal Paşa’nın yönettiği bu muharebeye Başkomutanlık Meydan Muharebesi denilmiştir. Yunan Ordusu bu savaş sonucunda büyük oranda kayıp vermiş ve çok sayıda Yunan askeri esir düşmüştür. Türkiye tarihinin önemli dönüm noktalarından birisi olan 30 Ağustos zaferi her dönem olduğu üzere Demokrat Parti döneminde de çeşitli etkinliklerle kutlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, 30 Ağustos zafer bayramı yıldönümü kutlamaları çerçevesinde Demokrat Parti dönemi 30 Ağustos zafer bayramı algısı değerlendirilmiştir.
Demokrat Parti dönemi 30 Ağustos zafer bayramı yıldönümlerinde başta İstanbul, Ankara, İzmir olmak üzere yurdun her yerinde şehirler bayraklarla süslenmiş, gecede şehirler elektrikle aydınlatılmıştır. Törenlerde günün anlam ve önemini belirten konuşmalar yapılmış, gazetelerde yer bulan haberlerde ya da gönderilen tebrik mesajlarında Büyük Taarruzla ilgili bilgiler verilmiş ve zaferin önemi vurgulanmıştır. Öğrenciler, askeri birlikler ve halk tarafından törenlere büyük bir katılım sağlanmış kamuoyunda bu tarihi gün saygı, takdir ve büyük bir minnetle kutlanmıştır. Başta Mustafa Kemal Atatürk olmak üzere Milli Mücadelenin kahramanlarına duyulan saygı ve Türk milletinin elde ettiği kazanımlar merasimlerde sıklıkla vurgulanan hususlar olmuştur. Yapılan konuşmalar ve basında yer alan haberlerde 30 Ağustos zaferinin Türk milletine layık olduğu hürriyet ve egemenliği kazandırmış olduğu vurgulanmıştır.
Classificação Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde (CID-11)
Authors: Galvão Maria Cristiane Barbosa , Ricarte Ivan Luiz Marques 
Published: March 2023

Desde seus primórdios, a Classificação Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde (CID) foi revisada e publicada com alguma periodicidade para refletir os avanços da saúde, da ciência e da sociedade. O objetivo deste texto é apresentar as características da CID, as principais inovações da CID-11, bem como apresentar os desafios para sua implementação. Para tanto, desenvolveu-se um estudo descritivo a partir dos documentos oficiais e ferramentas tecnológicas de referência para o entendimento da CID e suas diferentes versões. Em linhas gerais, a CID-11 incluiu seis novos capítulos, reformulou seu código alfanumérico, instituiu a pós-coordenação, estabeleceu a possibilidade de uma condição ser visualizada em mais de uma classe. Para que a CID-11 possa ser adotada no Brasil, são necessários investimentos para sua tradução, disponibilização de infraestrutura de tecnologia da informação, formação de recursos humanos para o uso da CID-11 e para o incremento de suas competências informacionais e tecnológicas, pesquisas terminológicas e disseminação da CID-11, como já realizado em outros países.
Ressignificação de memórias de médicos-cultural Bahia - Sergipe – Portugal
Authors: Miranda Zeny Duarte de , Souza Salim Silva 
Published: March 2023

Tratar-se-á de estudos visando contribuir com a pesquisa “Os médicos e a cultura em Portugal e no Brasil: olhar(es) introspectivo e analítico sobre o ‘modo de ser e de estar’ médico-cultural”, como desafio à Ciência da Informação, iniciados na Universidade do Porto – Portugal, em 2006, por meio do projeto originário "Os médicos e a cultura: estudo crítico e guia geral dos arquivos de médicos escritores, artistas e pensadores de Portugal e Bahia - Brasil (1808 – 2012)”, estendendo-se aos dias atuais e, neste momento, contemplando também o estado de Sergipe, sob a égide do convênio de cooperação científica entre a Universidade Fe-deral da Bahia e a Universidade do Porto, Portugal e, mais proximamente, com a participação do Instituto Federal de Sergipe. Paralelamente, a inovação dos estudos ora apresentados é um dos seus resultados, a Plataforma Digital SiS Médicos e a Cultura, sistema adaptado ao armazenamento de dados informacionais acerca da vida, obra, pensamento e acervos documentais pessoais de médicos do Brasil e de Portugal que produziram para além da Medicina, disponibilizado em nuvem, ao propósito da convivência mundial com a Cloud Computing (Computação em Nuvem). Pauta-se, portanto, pela fundamentação teórica concei-tual com base em produções de Raffestin (1993), Saracevic (1996), Luhmann (2007), Duarte e Silva (2016), entre outros estudiosos e pensadores das áreas comuns, primando-se pelo procedimento analíti-co/argumentativo sobre os desdobramentos da pesquisa que subsidiam a escavação (FOUCAULT, 2008) ora destinada ao público da Revista Asklepion - Informação em Saúde e ademais. A problematização des-taca o processo de criação de médicos-cultural, do Brasil e de Portugal, pouco discutido e divulgado, no que diz respeito escolhas de médicos entre produzir apenas ciência ou abandoná-la ou acumulá-la com legados cultural e humanístico. A Ciência da Informação, neste patamar, é chamada a rever o cenário con-temporâneo, permeado pelas tecnologias digitais, com inquietações, a exemplo: Os acervos pessoais, documentais e informacionais de médicos-cultural estão sendo preservados para as gerações futuras? A Medicina reconhece a Ciência da Informação como protagonista na gestão de documentos e compartilha-mento da informação? O conceito de médicos-cultural encontra-se, desde já, no contexto do pensamento pós-custodial?