bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guest Editorial: Brownfield Optimization The Key To Unlocking Sustainable Oil and Gas?
Authors: Benzie Scott 
Published: September 2023

The topic of sustainability within the oil and gas industry has dominated news agendas in recent years. As ‘Net Zero by 2050’ goals loom closer, the sector is under greater pressure than ever to decarbonize operations and source oil and gas via more sustainable methods.
With the energy transition continuing at pace, the growth of renewable energy has been exponential. Energy sources such as nuclear and wind are set to account for a greater portion of the energy mix. Renewables expenditure is also expected to double over the next 10 years to more than $1,300 billion per year, and grid expenditure is likely to exceed $1,000 billion per year in 2030.
However, oil and gas will undoubtedly play a crucial role in meeting global energy demand for the foreseeable future. A recent industry report highlighted that conventional hydrocarbons are set to comprise 49% of the energy mix in 2050, emphasizing the sustained requirement for traditional hydrocarbons.
It is no secret the oil and gas sector is a high producer of carbon emissions, and according to the International Energy Agency, global production, transportation, and processing of oil and gas emitted the equivalent of 5.1 billion tons of CO2 in 2022. That’s almost 15% of total energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. So, how do we as an industry continue to extract this much needed energy source in a more-sustainable manner?
Methods to curb this emission are already in practice, with operators utilizing new technology to reduce waste-gas production, return the gas to on-site product streams, and reinject methane into reservoirs. A notable example came from ExxonMobil in January of this year with the company announcing it had stopped routine flaring of natural gas from production in the top US shale basin, using compressors to push natural gas to a pipeline. It has also allocated $17 billion through 2027 to lower its greenhouse gas emissions globally.
Electrification is also a hot topic, with operators investigating methodologies for how to reduce emissions from offshore assets. bp, Equinor, and Ithaca Energy recently signed a memorandum of understanding to explore electrification options for their offshore production facilities in the West of Shetland area in the North Sea. Electrification solutions could include power from shore, potentially from onshore wind, or from offshore wind. Full electrification would require in the region of 200 MW of power. If successful, the fields would become the first oil and gas developments on the UK Continental Shelf to be powered by electricity delivering a fully renewable solution.
These latest industry moves are bold. They certainly show that much-needed action is now taking place and that industry is responding to social and environmental pressures to make changes.
Enhancing SPARQL Query Performance with Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Chen YiHui , Lu Eric Jui-Lin , Lin Jin-De 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

DBpedia is one of the most resourceful link databases today, and to access information in DBpedia databases, we need to use query syntax (e.g., SPARQL). However, not all users know SPARQL, so we must use a natural language query system to translate the user's query into the corresponding query syntax. It is costly and time-consuming for the query system to generate query syntax. Therefore, this paper proposes generating query syntax from natural language. Two multi-label learning methods are used for question transformation: Binary Relevance (BR) and Classifier Chains (CC). To predict all the labels that match the query intentions, we use Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to build a multi-label classifier for generating RDF triples. To better consider the relationship between RDF triples, the Binary Relevance is integrated into an ensemble learning approach to propose an Ensemble BR. The experiments perform better than the other research to improve the query accuracy. (This article is submitted to IEEE Access with #Access-2023-19693 entitled Enhancing SPARQL Query Performance with Recurrent Neural Networks）
Gene expression profiling to find biomarkers determining the lung diseases using 63 children’s genomic data for 354 genes
Authors: Ge Mingliang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study seeks to uncover the crucial genes or characteristics pivotal to the prevalence of chronic pulmonary conditions, such as asthma and postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO).
The methodology employed involves “Gene expression profiling”, a technique widely used by molecular scientists to scrutinize cellular functionality. This approach facilitates the concurrent evaluation of the activity levels of hundreds of genes, allowing for an in-depth analysis of a cell's gene expression. Such data not only reveals a cell's type, condition, and surrounding environment, but also holds potential in areas like drug toxicity evaluation and the detection of disorders including cancer. It's notable that of the approximately 20,000 genes in the human genome, a mere fraction ever demonstrate active expression.
A variety of models were constructed and evaluated in this study, including but not limited to, Random Forest, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machines, and Logistic Regression. Findings from this research highlight that the highest accuracy levels, specifically 61%, were achieved by the Random Forest model for Set 1 and the Decision Tree model for Set 5, outperforming all other models tested.
Multi-source Directional Heat Conduction Method Based on Coordinate Transformation
Authors: Li Yang , he wenlei , Nie Zhe , Tian Jingyao , Zhang Huijie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Based on the optical transformation theory, the formal invariance of heat conduction equation was used to realize the transformation of constitutive parameters of heat conducting materials through coordinate transformation, so as to control the distribution of heat flow in physical space. In addition, on the basis of the research on the control method of heat flow propagation path, a multi heat source directional heat conduction method with complex boundary was studied for the case that the object was affected by a variety of internal and external heat sources, and the temperature field was uneven, resulting in irregular deformation. Based on translation transformation and compression transformation, the thermal conductivity distribution of directional heat conducting structural materials was derived, and the controllable propagation of heat flow from high temperature region to low temperature region was realized. By analyzing various distributions of multiple heat sources, an applicable directional heat conduction structure with multiple sources and complex boundaries was designed to realize passive control of temperature field. The performance of directional heat conduction in transient state was analyzed by Comsol software simulation.
Plastic Waste in the Amazon Forest: What Is the Future of the Ecosystem Services Provided by the Local Bats?
Authors: Correiaª Letícia Lima , Ribeiro-Basil Danielle Regina Gomes , Garcia Magali Gonçalves , Silva Daniela de Melo e , Vieira Thiago Bernardi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become an environmental concern, and studies with humans and different animals are being carried out and improved. Thus, the objective of the present work was to verify the ingestion of PMs in bats from the Brazilian legal Amazon. Therefore, the entire digestive (esophagus to the anus) and respiratory (trachea to the lungs) systems of 81 individuals of bats of 25 different species were analyzed separately. This is the first report of microplastics in Amazonian bats, among the analyzed bats, 95.06% showed contamination by PMs; the digestive system was the one with the highest contamination and the fibers were the only form found. Ingestion and inhalation of plastic waste can happen through direct or indirect contact with contaminated air, water or food. With the verification of contamination by PMs, mainly in the digestive system, future works can analyze their feces to verify the amount of PMs that are being excreted.
Trends of Chronic Disease Management Research (1992–2022): A Scientometric Review
Authors: Wang Dandan , Li Yajie , Mu Liping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:
​Chronic disease management (CDM) is a scientific management model that aims to improve the health level of patients, delay the deterioration of diseases and reduce the medical costs. Its research has grown rapidly in the past 30 years, covering multiple aspects such as graded management, risk management, management models and intervention subjects of chronic diseases. Although several scholars have conducted literature reviews and analyses on these aspects, there are still some key issues that have not been fully answered, such as the publication subjects, pioneering and landmark literature, mainstream and future research topics of CDM research. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a systematic review.
Methods:
​This paper selected 6 core databases of WoS (SCI-Expanded, SSCI, A&HCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH, ESCI) as the data source. The time span was set from January 1, 1992 to August 2, 2022, and the search mode was: TS = (“chronic disease management*” OR “chronic illness management*” OR “chronic condition management*”), with the retrieval date being August 2, 2022. Then the document type was refined by selecting “Article” and “Review” and the document language by selecting “English”. Finally, the 2986 studies were comprehensively evaluated and incorporated into Cite Space for review and analysis.
Results:
​The results show that authors and institutions in United States are the main contributors to CDM research and that interdisciplinary collaboration is gradually growing. Using document co-citation analysis, research hotspots in the field were investigated. Furthermore, the research frontiers and trendy topics in CDM from 1922 to 2022 were found by using burst detection, and research gaps were identified.
Conclusions:
​The findings provide valuable insights for both researchers and practitioners involved in CDM. But there are also some limitations, including (1) data sources can be enriched (2) search terms can be more flexible (3) scientometric sources selection can be more diverse, etc.
Surgical outcomes for patients with rectosigmoid Hirschsprung disease after 1 year of age following transanal endorectal pull-through
Authors: xie chuanping , Yan Jiayu , Wang Kexin , Pang Wenbo , Zhang Dan , Wang Kai , Chen Yajun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the differences in postoperative complications and long-term bowel function outcomes between patients with rectosigmoid Hirschsprung disease (HD) who underwent transanal endorectal pull-through (TEPT) beyond infancy (age＞ 1 year of age) and those during infancy (≤ 1 year of age).
Methods: All patients with rectosigmoid HD at Beijing Children’s Hospital between January 2011 and December 2020 were eligible. They were divided into two groups based on age at TEPT: group A was defined as patients who performed TEPT beyond infancy (age＞1 year of age), and group B as patients who performed TEPT during infancy (age≤ 1 year of age). Clinical details were collected from medical records. Bowel function outcomes were assessed by the Rintala questionnaire (age≥4 years).
Results: A total of 339 patients were included: 216 (63.7%) who operated with TEPT beyond infancy and 123 (36.3%) during infancy (group B). Regarding postoperative complications, all patients sufferinga anastomosis leakage following TEPT (7/216, 3.2%) occurred in group A and the rate of anastomosis leakage in group A was significantly higher than in group B (3.2% vs 0.0%, p=0.044). 228 patients (228/327, 69.7%) completed the Rintala questionnaire. There was no significant difference in long-term bowel function outcomes between the two groups.
Conclusion: Compared with patients who performed TEPT during infancy, those beyond infancy are more likely to suffer anastomosis leakage, but long-term bowel function outcomes are comparable. TEPT should be performed during infancy for HD patients.
Type of Study: A retrospective single-center study
Level of evidence: Ⅲ
Effect of high temperatures on the mechanical and thermal properties of Notre-Dame de Paris Lutetian limestone
Authors: guenser colin , CORN Stéphane , SALGUES Marie , MORENON Pierre , DOMEDE Nathalie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This study aims to determine mechanical and thermal properties of Saint-Maximin limestone, similar to the Lutetian stone found in the vaults of the Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral, and their variations after heating-cooling cycles at temperatures up to 800°C. An extensive experimental campaign, including both destructive and non-destructive testing, was carried out. The results indicate that the samples can be considered to be isotropic, and the effect of temperature on Poisson's ratio, static modulus of elasticity, compressive and tensile strengths were measured. Non-destructive testing revealed that the usual correlation equations between ultrasonic measurements and mechanical properties are not valid for heated stone samples, particularly when estimating Poisson's ratio. An alternative measurement method using impulse modal analysis was proposed to overcome this issue. Uniaxial compressive tests on specimens of different geometries were used for the estimation of shape factors specific to Saint-Maximin stone. Some of these shape factors contradict the current European standard for stone, which seems to overestimate the effect of slenderness. The study also suggests shape factors after heating at 300°C and 600°C to account for the effect of heating on the compressive strength. The results demonstrate that, while the correlations established for stones at room temperature remain valid, they are not necessarily accurate after a heating-cooling cycle. This study provides important information for the numerical modelling of this material from mechanical and thermal perspectives.
Plastic juvenile growth rates and offspring size: A response to anthropogenic shifts in prey size among populations
Authors: Chamberlain Jeremy D. , Clifton Ian T. , Gifford Matthew E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Variation in prey characteristics among populations is frequently associated with similar variation in predator body sizes. Increasingly, human-mediated alterations in prey landscapes impose unique ecological pressures on predators that may lead to rapid shifts in predator body size. Here, we ask whether adult body size differences among populations are the product of genetic adaptation or phenotypic plasticity of juvenile growth in response to human-altered prey size differences. Using a common-garden design, we measured growth rates of neonate diamond-backed watersnakes (Nerodia rhombifer) from fish farms populations that vary substantially in prey size distributions. We also investigated the influence of initial offspring size differences on growth rate. We found that juvenile growth rates were faster for snakes from populations with access to larger average prey sizes. Our data suggest that these differences are the product of phenotypic plasticity, mediated through differences in initial size and prey consumption. Population-level differences in growth rate were not detected when initial size and prey mass consumed were included in the model. We propose that larger offspring sizes may favor increased growth rates, mediated through a larger energy processing capacity relative to smaller individuals. This experiment provides evidence supporting the growing body of literature that adaptive plasticity may be a significant driver of rapid phenotypic divergence among populations across a landscape. This mechanism may explain the stability and colonization of populations in the face of rapid, human-mediated, landscape changes.
ACLY is a prognostic biomarker of head and neck squamous carcinoma
Authors: Tan Ming , Li Dong , Xu Ruiqi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
ATP-citrate lyase (ACLY) is considered to be a tumor promoter in multiple human cancers. However, the mechanism of ACLY in head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC) progression is unclear.
Methods
ACLY expression in pan-cancer was analyzed by combining TCGA and GTEx databases. The correlation between ACLY expression and HNSC patients’ prognosis were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curve. The relationship between ACLY expression and clinicopathological features was investigated by Wilcoxon rank sum test and Kruskal-Wallis test. Independent prognostic factors were identified by univariate/multivariate cox regression analysis, ACLY-involved pathway was explored by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Correlation between ACLY expression and immune cell infiltration in HNSC was analyzed in TCGA database. ACLY expression in HNSC cells was measured by qRT-PCR.
Results
ACLY expression was remarkably increased in HNSC tumor tissues. ROC curve showed that ACLY expression in HNSC had significant diagnostic ability (AUC = 0.865). High expression of ACLY could be used to predict poorer overall survival in HNSC patients, and ACLY was confirmed to be an independent prognostic indicator of HNSC. GSEA analysis obtained 5 pathways significantly associated with ACLY overexpression. In addition, ACLY expression in HNSC was also correlated with immune cell infiltration level. qRT-PCR also confirmed that ACLY expression was upregulated in HNSC cell lines.
Conclusions
ACLY might be a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HNSC.
Comparison of therapeutic effects between big-bubble deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty for medically unresponsive Acanthamoeba keratitis
Authors: Qi Xiaolin , Mao Huilin , Liu Jinhui , Dong Yanlin , Du Man , Liu Ting , Zhang Ting , Lu Xiuhai , Gao Hua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the outcomes of big-bubble deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (BB-DALK) and penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in the management of medically unresponsive Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK).
Methods
This retrospective study included 27 eyes of BB-DALK and 24 eyes of PKP from a tertiary ophthalmology care centre. Glucocorticoid eye drops were subsequently added to the treatment plan 2 months postoperatively based on the evaluation using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The clinical presentations, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), postoperative refractive outcomes, graft survival, and Acanthamoeba recurrence were analyzed.
Results
The AK patients included in the study were in stage 2 or stage 3, and the percentage of patients in stage 3 was higher in the PKP group (P = 0.003). Clinical presentations were mainly corneal ulcers and ring infiltrates, and endothelial plaques, hypopyon, uveitis and glaucoma were more common in the PKP group (P = 0.007). The BCVA and the graft survival rate showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups at 1 year after surgery. However, 3 years postoperatively, the BCVA of 0.71 ± 0.64 logMAR, the graft survival rate of 89.5%, and the endothelial cell density of 1899 ± 125 cells per square millimeter in the BB-DALK group were significantly better than those of the PKP group (P = 0.010, 0.046, and 0.032, respectively). 3 eyes (11.1%) in the BB-DALK group and 2 eyes (8.3%) in the PKP group experienced Acanthamoeba recurrence, but the rates showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 1.000). In the PKP group, immune rejection and elevated intraocular pressure were observed in 5 and 6 eyes, respectively.
Conclusion
Corneal transplantation is recommended for AK patients unresponsive to antiamoebic agents. The visual acuity and graft survival can be maintained after BB-DALK surgery. Acanthamoeba recurrence is not related to the surgical approach performed, whereas complete dissection of the infected corneal stroma and delayed prescribing of glucocorticoid eye drops were important to prevent recurrence.
Raman time-delay in attosecond transient absorption of strong-field created Krypton vacancy
Authors: Zhao Zengxiu , Wang Xiaowei , Wang Li , Bai Guangru , Zhao Jing , Gao Cheng , Wang Jiacan , Xiao Fan , Tao Wenkai , Song Pan , Qiu Qianyu , Liu Jinlei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One of the cornerstone for attosecond science is strong field ionization that injects a transient vacancy in the atom which is entangled to the outgoing photoelectron. When the electron is finally detached, the ions are left in a statistical population of different excited states with part of the coherence information lost. The preserved coherence of matter after interacting with intense short pulses has important consequences on the subsequent nonequilibrium evolution and energy relaxation. Here we employ attosecond chronoscopy to measure the time-delay of the resonant transitions of Krypton vacancy during their creation. It is observed that the absorptions by the two spin-orbit split states are modulated at different paces when varying the time delay between the near-infrared pumping pulse and the isolated attosecond probing pulse. It is shown that the coupling of the injected ions with the remaining field leads to a suppression of ionic coherence. The comparison between theory and experiments uncovers that the coherent Raman coupling between the two spin-orbit split states induces time-delay between the resonant absorptions, which provides new insight into laser-ion interactions enriching attosecond chronoscopy.
Association between a single nucleotide polymorphism of obesity related gene FTO and tuberculosis severity
Authors: Liu Xiao-Shu , Zhang Juan , He Jian-Qing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background. Obesity is recognized to impact cell-mediated immune responses and increase the susceptibility to various diseases. Studies have identified an association between fat mass and obesity-related genes (FTO) and the susceptibility of tuberculosis. We aim to investigate whether FTO polymorphism is linked to the severity of tuberculosis.
Methods. We conducted a case-control study, comprising 411 cases of multisystem tuberculosis and 579 cases of mild tuberculosis, admitted to West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Participants, aged 15 to 45 years, underwent whole blood DNA extraction, and multiple SNP typing using SNPscanTM. Three TagSNPs located at loci rs9909, rs16952577 and rs16952730 of the FTO gene were selected for analysis.
Results. The minor allele G of rs16952730 demonstrated a significant association with a reduced risk of severe tuberculosis (OR: 0.800, 95% CI: 0.658-0.973; P=0.026). These results remained consistent after adjusting for age and sex (ORa: 0.799, 95% CI: 0.655-0.974; Pa=0.026). The rs16952730 GG genotype showed a significantly lower risk of severe tuberculosis compared to the AA genotype, even after adjusting for age and sex (ORa: 0.596, 95% CI: 0.378-0.941; Pa =0.026). In genetic model analysis, rs16952730 exhibited a significantly reduced risk of severe tuberculosis in additive models before and after adjusting for age and sex (OR: 0.807, 95% CI: 0.666-0.978; P =0.029 and ORa: 0.806, 95% CI: 0.664-0.979; Pa =0.03). However, no significant association was observed between rs9909, rs16952577, and tuberculosis severity.
Conclusions. The obesity-related gene FTO is associated with the severity of tuberculosis in the Chinese Han population.