Fókuszban a gyermek: A gyermekek érdekét sértő bűncselekmények büntetéskiszabási gyakorlata
Authors: Csapucha Bernadett 
Published: March 2023

Összefoglalás.

A KDP keretén belül lefolytatott kutatómunkám magját a gyermekek érdekét sértő,
valamint a család elleni bűncselekmények képezték. Kutatásom nóvuma a gyakorlati
oldalban rejlett, egy egyedi szellemi terméket létrehozva az országos, illetőleg
a Fővárosra kiterjedő aktavizsgálataim révén. Jelen írásom – mely tulajdonképpen
a lefolytatott kétéves kutatásom rövid összefoglalójaként fogható fel –
alapvetően a kutatási eredményeimre épít, így az – a jogerős ítéleteken
keresztül – bemutatja a magyar helyzetképet, kiemelt figyelmet szentelve a
büntetéskiszabási gyakorlatnak, valamint az arra hatást gyakorló
tényezőknek.

Summary.

This is to summarise the main ideas and findings of my two-year research that I
have conducted in the framework of the Cooperative Doctoral Program.
One of the key goals of my research was to draw attention to the necessity of the
increased criminal law protection of families, and especially of minors, and
also, to provide a comprehensive view of how, by applying what means and how
efficiently, this group of society can be protected through the application of
the currently effective rules, i.e., mainly criminal substantive law and
criminal procedural law.
I think that the criminal law protection of the family is undisputedly a hot
issue: just to take a look at the intensive media coverage of this topic. The
protection of children in the family as a social unit should be paid special
attention to, as they are in an especially vulnerable position. The effective
Criminal Code (Act C of 2012, Btk) essentially broke with the regulatory scheme
in the Criminal Code of 1978, which discussed the provisions aimed at the
protection of children and families in the same chapter as the delinquencies
against sexual morality, as now it deals with these in a separate chapter
(Chapter XX).
The core of my research was basically Chapter XX of the Criminal Code, which
deals with the crimes that violate the interests of children and that are
committed against the family, however, I attached primary importance to the
former.
The following is meant by delinquencies that violate the interests of children:
the endangering of minors, child labour, preventing the exercise of visitation
rights with a minor, changing a minor’s custody; while the following statutory
definitions will qualify as crimes against the family: failure to observe the
maintenance obligation, domestic violence, violation of family legal status,
bigamy.
Both regarding the crimes that violate children’s interests and those that are
against the family, it was my goal to conduct an in-depth dogmatic analysis, in
order to explore the theoretical side of delinquencies in question as
comprehensively as possible.
However, the major novelty of my research lay in the practical aspect, where I
exclusively focused on the crimes that violate the interests of children,
creating a unique intellectual product based on my case-file analysis on the
national and Budapest levels, as thus, I had the opportunity to examine this
scope of crimes and the related legal practices from a pretty broad
perspective.
This short article, which is basically a brief summary of the research that I
conducted for two years, is fundamentally built on my research findings, which
are primarily practical conclusions.
I have presented the Hungarian situation through the binding court decisions,
drawing special attention to the Hungarian sentencing practices and the factors
that affect these.