bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The First Human Application of an F-18-labeled Tryptophan Analog for PET Imaging of Cancer
Authors: Muzik Otto , Shields Anthony F. , Barger Geoffrey R. , Jiang Huailei , Chamiraju Parthasarathi , Juhász Csaba 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose. Preclinical studies showed the tryptophan analog PET radiotracer 1-(2-18F-fluoroethyl)-L-tryptophan (18F-FETrp) to accumulate in various tumors, including gliomas, and being metabolized via the immunosuppressive kynurenine pathway. In this first-in-human study, we tested the use 18F-FETrp-PET in patients with neuroendocrine and brain tumors.
Procedures. We applied dynamic brain imaging in patients with gliomas (n = 2) and multi-pass 3D whole-body PET scans in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (n =4). Semiquantitative analysis of organ and tumor tracer uptake was performed using standardized uptake values (SUVs). In addition, organ dosimetry was performed based on extracted time-activity curves and the OLINDA software.
Results. Neuroendocrine tumors showed an early peak (10-min post-injection) followed by washout. Both gliomas showed prolonged 18F-FETrp accumulation plateauing around 40-min and showing heterogeneous uptake including non-enhancing tumor regions. Biodistribution showed moderate liver uptake and fast clearance of radioactivity into the urinary bladder; the estimated effective doses were similar to other 18F-labeled radioligands.
Conclusions. The study provides proof-of-principle data for the safety and potential clinical value of 18F-FETrp-PET for molecular imaging of human gliomas.
Numerical Assessment of Rainfall-Induced Variations in Slope Displacement and Stress Fields
Authors: Liu Xiaoyan , Lv Shixin , Zhang Changjun , Liu Lulu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The global occurrence of instability in loess slopes manifests in various forms, including collapse, landslides, debris flows, and sinkholes. Rainfall emerges as a principal factor influencing the instability of loess slopes. In the context of burgeoning infrastructure and urban development, elucidating the rainfall-triggering mechanisms of loess landslides presents a significant engineering challenge. To address this, the present study employed ADINA numerical software to simulate the impact of rainfall on field landslides. Accounting for local rainfall intensities, simulations were executed to examine the effects of rainfall intensities of 200 mm/d, 300 mm/d, and 400 mm/d on the stress and displacement patterns within the landslide. The findings reveal that rainfall intensity substantially influences both the stress and displacement characteristics of the slope. As the intensity escalates, there is a corresponding increase in slope displacement and a gradual expansion of the stress-affected zone at the slope's toe. Notably, displacement near the slope's summit is minimal but amplifies progressively downwards, culminating in maximal displacement at the toe.
SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Titers in
Maternal Blood, Umbilical Cord Blood, and Breast Milk
Authors: Weinberger Barry , Khalifeh Mazen , Rubin Lorry , Dayya David , Cerise Jane , Skinner Karen , Maloney Mona , Walworth Charles , Petropoulos Christos , Wrin Terri , Chun Kelly 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective:
We quantified neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 antibody against spike protein (nAb) levels after vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection in maternal serum, cord blood, and breast milk and determined whether they correlate with levels of spike protein binding antibody.
Study Design:
Women (n=100) were enrolled on admission for delivery. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection was defined by anti-nucleocapsid antibodies. Levels of nAb and binding antibodies against spike receptor binding domain were measured in maternal blood, cord blood, and milk.
Results:
Maternal nAb levels were higher after vaccine and infection than vaccine alone, but waned rapidly. Levels of nAb in cord blood and milk correlated with maternal levels and were higher in cord blood than maternal. Spike protein binding antibody levels correlated with nAb.
Conclusion:
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination near delivery may boost antibody-mediated immunity in the peripartum period. Neutralizing antibodies are passed transplacentally and into milk. Spike protein binding antibody may be a feasible proxy for nAb.
Selective arm-usage of pre-miR-1307 dysregulates angiogenesis and contributes to breast cancer aggressiveness
Authors: Sumer Oyku Ece , Schelzig Korbinian , Jung Janine , Li Xiaoya , Moros Janina , Schwarzmüller Luisa , Sen Ezgi , Karolus Sabine , Wörner Angelika , Nataraj Nishanth Belugali , Vlachavas Efstathios-Iason , Gerhäuser Clarissa , Müller-Decker Karin , Helm Dominic , Yarden Yosef , Michels Birgitta Elisabeth , Körner Cindy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women Breast cancer aggressiveness can be regulated by miRNAs, which are encoded in the genome as pre-miRNAs. One pre-miRNA can give rise to several functionally distinct mature miRNA species. miR-1307-3p has been described to promote breast cancer progression. However, the impact of global overexpression of pre-miR-1307 has not been investigated in breast cancer, yet. Here, we found significant upregulation of the three mature miRNA species derived from pre-miR-1307 in breast cancer tissue from the TCGA-BRCA cohort. Surprisingly, the overexpression of pre-miR-1307 in basal-like breast cancer cell lines resulted in impaired xenograft growth and impaired angiogenesisin vivo.Mechanistically, we showed that overexpression specifically of miR-1307-5p caused alterations in the secretome of breast cancer cells and reduced endothelial cell sprouting. Of note, expression levels of miR-1307-5p were inversely correlated with endothelial cell fractions in human breast tumors and associated with improved prognosis, corroborating the anti-angiogenic function of the 5p arm of miR-1307. Importantly, arm usage of miR-1307 was highly correlated with arm usage patterns of several other miRNAs suggesting a common regulatory mechanism, which still needs to be uncovered. Taken together, miR-1307-5p negatively regulates angiogenesis in breast cancer and thereby antagonizes the oncogenic miR-1307-3p. Hence, our results emphasize the importance of future research focusing on the regulation of miRNA arm selection in cancer. The underlying mechanisms might ultimately serve as the basis for innovative therapeutic strategies shifting the balance towards tumor-suppressive miRNA species.
Sensory niche partitioning in two sympatric social wasps: sugar responsiveness could determine foraging patterns in yellowjackets
Authors: Masciocchi Maité , Mattiacci Analia , Villacide José M. , Buteler Micaela , Porrino Agustina , Martinez Andres 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sympatric-related species often exhibit resource partitioning. This can occur through different mechanisms, such as behavioral, morphological, and sensory variations, leading to qualitative, temporal, or spatial differences in resource exploitation. Sensory-based niche partitioning could be the underlying mechanism through which closely-related species effectively reduce niche overlap. Here we ask whether variations in sensory responses to carbohydrates could reflect differences in the foraging patterns of two Vespula sp. species present in Patagonia. We established (i) the response thresholds toward carbohydrate solutions of foraging V. germanica and V. vulgaris in the laboratory, (ii) the sugar concentration of carbohydrates foraged in the field, and (iii) effect of incoming sugar concentration on individual and colony performance. Results indicate a higher sucrose response threshold in V. germanica than V. vulgaris, with higher carbohydrate concentrations foraged by V. germanica (57% of V. germanica foragers returned with concentrations above 50 Brix, while 23% of V. vulgaris foragers did so). Differences in sensitivity and foraging, positively correlate with colony size, suggesting that competition could be reduced in these closely-related invasive social wasps through sensorial differences in their sugar perception levels. This is the first study to suggest that sensorial niche partitioning could promote species coexistence in social wasps.
FRET imaging of Teen sensor captures ERK activation changes preceding morphological defects in a RASopathy zebrafish model and phenotypic rescue by MEK inhibitor
Authors: Fasano Giulia , Petrini Stefania , Bonavolontà Valeria , Paradisi Graziamaria , Pedalino Catia , Tartaglia Marco , Lauri Antonella 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
RASopathies are genetic syndromes affecting development and having variable cancer predisposition. These disorders are clinically related, and are caused by germline mutations affecting key players and regulators of the RAS-MAPK signaling pathway generally leading to an upregulated ERK activity. Gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in PTPN11, encoding SHP2, a cytosolic protein tyrosine phosphatase positively controlling RAS function, underlie approximately 50% of Noonan syndromes (NS), the most common RASopathy. A different class of these activating mutations occur as somatic events in childhood leukemias.
Methods
Here, we evaluated the application of a FRET-based zebrafish ERK reporter, Teen, and use of fast and quantitative FRET protocols to monitor non-physiological RASopathy-associated changes in ERK activation. In a multi-level experimental workflow, we tested the suitability of the Teen reporter to detect pan-embryo ERK activity correlates of morphometric alterations driven by the NS-causing Shp2D61G allele.
Results
Spectral unmixing- and acceptor photobleaching (AB)-FRET analyses captured pathological ERK activity preceding the manifestation of quantifiable body axes defects, a morphological pillar used to test the strength of SHP2 GoF mutations. Last, the work shows that by multi-modal FRET analysis we can quantitatively trace back to early development the modulation of ERK phosphorylation obtained by low-dose MEK inhibitor treatment, occurring before the onset of morphological defects.
Conclusion
This work proves the usefulness of FRET imaging protocols on both live and fixed Teen ERK reporter fish to readily monitoring and quantifying pharmacologically- and genetically-induced ERK activity modulations in early embryos, representing a useful tool in pre-clinical applications targeting RAS-MAPK signaling.
Optimization of process parameters for gas-powder flow behavior in the coaxial nozzle during laser direct metal deposition based on numerical simulation
Authors: Zhao Kai , Yang Kun , Chen Mingzhi , Wang Zhandong , Wu Erke , Sun Guifang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Laser direct metal deposition (DMD) can supply a new method in the fields of surface modification and near-net forming. The powder flow behavior and its convergence characteristics play a crucial role in the deposition quality during the DMD process. In this research, the k-ε turbulence model based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling method was innovatively employed to establish the numerical model of the gas-powder flow. Then, the Dense Discrete Phase Model (DDPM) was utilized in this gas-powder coupling model to accurately calculate the collision between particles and between particle and inner wall of the nozzle. Afterward, the Response Surface Method (RSM) was carried out to design the numerical simulation scheme, analyze a series of simulation results, explore the correlation between the process parameters and the responses, and establish the prediction model of powder convergence characteristics. Furthermore, the process parameters were optimized by considering the influence of defocusing amount, with smaller powder spot diameter and higher maximum powder mass concentration as optimization objectives. It was found that the prediction model of responses demonstrated a high degree of accuracy and reliability. The single deposition track exhibited better deposition quality fabricated with the optimized process parameters. The research method and results mentioned in the present study were expected to provide significant theoretical guidance for the selection and application of process parameters during the laser direct metal deposition process.
Wrapping gastroduodenal artery stump with the teres hepatis ligament to prevent postpancreatectomy hemorrhage after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Zheng Xiang , Jiang Zedong , Gao Zhenzhen , Zhou Bo , Li Guogang , Yan Sheng , Mei Xiaoping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastroduodenal artery (GDA) stump erosion hemorrhage is a fatal complication after pancreaticoduodenectomy. This study aimed to determine whether GDA stump wrapping with the teres hepatis ligament during pancreaticoduodenectomy decreased the incidence of postpancreatectomy hemorrhage (PPH).
Methods
We reviewed 307 patients who had undergone pancreaticoduodenectomy between March 2019 and June 2022. The patients were divided into two groups according to application of GDA stump wrapping with the teres hepatis ligament: GDA wrapping group (165 patients) and no-wrapping group (142 patients). The perioperative data were compared between the groups.
Results
The clinical characteristics were balanced between the two groups. Grade B and C PPH and GDA-stump-related hemorrhage were significantly reduced in the GDA wrapping group compared with the no-wrapping group (PPH B/C, 13.4% vs 6.1%, P = 0.029; GDA hemorrhage, 5.6% vs 0.6%, P = 0.014). No difference was observed in the incidence of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula, biliary leak, intra-abdominal abscess, delayed gastric emptying, 90-day mortality, and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups.
Conclusion
Wrapping GDA stump with the teres hepatis ligament reduced the incidence of GDA-stump-related PPH. Therefore, the wrapping technique is a simple and effective strategy to prevent PPH. Prospective studies are needed to confirm the benefit of this procedure.
Transmission of highly virulent CXCR4 tropic HIV-1 through the mucosal route in an individual with a wild-type CCR5 genotype
Authors: Song Hongshuo , Marichannegowda Manukumar , Setua Saini , Bose Meera , Sanders-Buell Eric , King David , Zemil Michelle , Wieczorek Lindsay , Diaz-Mendez Felisa , Chomont Nicolas , Thomas Rasmi , Francisco Leilani , Eller Leigh Anne , Polonis Victoria , Tovanabutra Sodsai , Tagaya Yutaka , Michael Nelson , Robb Merlin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Nearly all transmitted/founder (T/F) HIV-1 are CCR5 (R5)-tropic. While previous evidence suggested that CXCR4 (X4)-tropic HIV-1 are transmissible, detection was not at the earliest stages of acute infection. Here, we identified an X4-tropic T/F HIV-1 in a participant in acute infection cohort. Coreceptor assays demonstrated that this T/F virus is strictly CXCR4 tropic. The participant experienced significantly faster CD4 depletion compared with R5 virus infected participants in the same cohort. Naïve and central memory CD4 subsets declined faster than effector and transitional memory subsets. All CD4 subsets, including naïve, were productively infected. Increased CD4+ T cell activation was observed over time. This X4-tropic T/F virus is resistant to broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting V1/V2 and V3 regions. These findings demonstrate that X4-tropic HIV-1 is transmissible through the mucosal route in people with the wild-type CCR5 genotype and have implications for understanding the transmissibility and immunopathogenesis of X4-tropic HIV-1.
Neurobiological mechanisms of ECT and TMS treatment in depression. Study protocol of a multimodal magnetic resonance investigation
Authors: Frid Leila Marie , Kessler Ute , Ousdal Olga-Therese , Hammar Åsa , Haavik Jan , Riemer Frank , Hirnstein Marco , Ersland Lars , Erchinger Vera Jane , Ronold Eivind Haga , Nygaard Gyrid , Jakobsen Petter , Craven Alexander R , Osnes Berge , Alisauskiene Renata , Bartsch Hauke , Hellard Stephanie Le , Stavrum Anne-Kristin , Oedegaard Ketil J , Oltedal Leif 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Noninvasive neurostimulation treatments are increasingly being used to treat major depression, which is a common cause of disability worldwide. While electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are both effective in treating depressive episodes, their mechanisms of action are, however, not completely understood. ECT is given under general anesthesia, where an electrical pulse is administered through electrodes placed on the patient’s head to trigger a seizure. ECT is used for the most severe cases of depression and is usually not prescribed before other options have failed. With TMS, brain stimulation is achieved through rapidly changing magnetic fields that induce electric currents underneath a ferromagnetic coil. Its efficacy in depressive episodes has been well documented. This project aims to identify the neurobiological underpinnings of both the effects and side effects of the neurostimulation techniques ECT and TMS.
Methods: The study will utilize a pre-post case control longitudinal design. The sample will consist of 150 subjects: 100 patients (bipolar and major depressive disorder) who are treated with either ECT (N=50) or TMS (N=50) and matched healthy controls (N=50) not receiving any treatment. All participants will undergo multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as well as neuropsychological and clinical assessments at multiple time points before, during and after treatment. Arterial spin labeling MRI at baseline will be used to test whether brain perfusion can predict outcomes. Signs of brain disruption, potentiation and rewiring will be explored with resting-state functional MRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and multishell diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Clinical outcome will be measured by clinician assessed and patient reported outcome measures. Memory-related side effects will be investigated, and specific tests of spatial navigation to test hippocampal function will be administered both before and after treatment. Blood samples will be stored in a biobank for future analyses. The observation time is 6 months. Data will be explored in light of the recently proposed disrupt, potentiate and rewire (DPR) hypothesis.
Discussion: The study will contribute data and novel analyses important for our understanding of neurostimulation as well as for the development of enhanced and more personalized treatment.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05135897
Parenteral nutrition components interfere in the silicon protection of aluminum toxicity
Authors: NorembergKunz Simone , Bohrer Denise , Nascimento Paulo Cícero do , Cibin Francielli Weber Santos , de Carvalho Leandro Machado 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aluminum and silicon are contaminants found in formulations used to prepare parenteral nutrition. Both elements are leached from glass containers, mainly during the heating cycle for sterilization. Insoluble and biologically inactive species of hydroxyaluminosilicates have been shown to form in solutions containing Al and Si. Therefore, this interaction may play an important role in protecting the body against Al toxicity. In this study, the bioavailability of Al in the presence of Si, calcium gluconate (Gluc.) and potassium phosphate (Phosf.) was investigated in rats. The rats were divided into 10 groups of 5 animals each: control, Al, Si, Al + Si, Gluc, Gluc + Al, Gluc + Al + Si, Phosf, Phosf + Al and Phosf + Al + Si. The doses, consisting of 0.5 mg/kg/day Al and 2 mg/kg/day Si in the presence ou absence of Gluc. or Phosf., were intraperitoneally administered for 3 months. Tissues were analyzed for Al and Si content. Al accumulated in the liver, kidneys, and bones, and the simultaneous administration of Si decreased Al accumulation in these tissues. The presence of Si reduced the amount of Al present by 72% in the liver, by 45% in the kidneys and by 16% in bone. This effect was lees pronounced in the presence of parenteral nutrition compounds though. Si tissue accumulation was also observed, mainly when administered together with phosphate. These results suggest that Si may act as a protector against Al toxicity, by either reducing Al absorption or increasing its excretion, probably through hydroxyaluminosilicates formation. The presence of calcium gluconate and potassium phosphate decrease or inhibit this effect.
Double-stranded RNA targeting white mold Sclerotinia sclerotiorum argonaute 2 for disease control via spray-induced gene silencing
Authors: Marzano Shin-Yi Lee , Beligala Gayathri , Mukherjee Soumya , Feng Chenchen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, causal agent of white mold infection, is a cosmopolitan fungal pathogen that causes major yield losses in many economically important crops. Spray induced gene silencing has recently been shown to be a promising alternative method for controlling plant diseases. Based on our prior research, we focus on developing spray-induced gene silencing approach to control white mold by silencingS. sclerotiorumargonaute 2 (SsAgo2), a crucial part of the fungal small RNA pathway. We compared the lesion size as a result of targeting each ~ 500-bp segments of SsAgo2 from 5’ to 3’ and found that targeting the PIWI/ RNaseH domain of SsAgo2 is most effective. External application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) suppressed white mold infection using eitherin vitroorin vivotranscripts was determined at the rate of 800 ng/0.2cm2drop with a downregulation of SsAgo2 from infected leaf tissue confirmed by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, magnesium/iron-layered double hydroxides (MgFe-LDH) nanosheets were loaded byin vitroandin vivotranscribed dsRNA segments and significantly reduced the rate of lesion expansion. The combination ofin vivoproduced dsRNA and nanosheet is promising to be further developed as environmentally friendly fungicide to control white mold infections.
ChatGPT-based Investment Portfolio Selection
Authors: Romanko Oleksandr , Narayan Akhilesh , Kwon Roy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we explore potential uses of generative AI models, such as ChatGPT, for investment portfolio selection. Trusting investment advice from Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (GPT) models is a challenge due to model "hallucinations", necessitating careful verification and validation of the output. Therefore, we take an alternative approach. We use ChatGPT to obtain a universe of stocks from S&P500 market index that are potentially attractive for investing. Subsequently, we compared various portfolio optimization strategies that utilized this AI-generated trading universe, evaluating those against quantitative portfolio optimization models as well as comparing to some of the popular investment funds. Our findings indicate that ChatGPT is effective in stock selection but may not perform as well in assigning optimal weights to stocks within the portfolio. But when stocks selection by ChatGPT is combined with established portfolio optimization models, we achieve even better results. By blending strengths of AI-generated stock selection with advanced quantitative optimization techniques, we observed the potential for more robust and favorable investment outcomes, suggesting a hybrid approach for more effective and reliable investment decision-making in the future.