bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced high‐temperature strength in textured (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)B2 medium‐entropy ceramics via strong magnetic field
Authors: Li Rong‐Zhen , Wang Xin‐Gang , Yuan Jian‐Hui , Wang Xiao‐Fei , Gao Wei , Qin Fu‐Lin , Zhang Guo‐Jun , Jiang Dan‐Yu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study prepared textured (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)B2 medium‐entropy ceramics for the first time that maintain enhanced flexural strength up to 1800°C using single‐phase (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)B2 powders, slip casting under a strong magnetic field, and hot‐pressed sintering methods. Effects of WC additive and strong magnetic field direction on the phase compositions, orientation degree, microstructure evolution, and high‐temperature flexural strength of (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)B2 were investigated. (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)B2 grain grows along the a,b‐axes, resulting in a platelet‐like morphology. Pressure parallel and perpendicular to the magnetic field direction can promote the orientation degree and hinder the texture structure formation, respectively. Reaction products of W(B,C) and (Ti,Zr,Hf)C between (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)B2 and WC additive can efficiently refine the (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)B2 grain size and promote grain orientation. (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)B2 ceramics doped with 5 vol.% WC yielded a Lotgering orientation factor of 0.74 through slip casting under a strong magnetic field (12 T) and hot‐pressed sintering at 1900°C. Furthermore, cleaning the boundary by W(B,C) and introducing texture can enhance the grain‐boundary strength and improve its high‐temperature flexural strength. The four‐point flexural strength of textured (Ti1/3Zr1/3Hf1/3)B2‐5 vol.% WC ceramics was 770 ± 59 MPa at 1600°C and 638 ± 117 MPa at 1800°C.
Impact of geriatric nutritional risk index on prognosis in peripheral artery disease patients undergoing endovascular therapy
Authors: Pan Dikang , Wang Jiabin , Guo Julong , Su Zhixiang , Wang Jingyu , Guo Jianming , Shi Xiaoming , Gu Yongquan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of peripheral artery disease continues to rise, with major amputations and mortality remaining prominent. Frailty is a significant risk factor for adverse outcomes in the management of the vascular disease. The geriatric nutritional risk index has been used to predict adverse outcomes in lower extremity peripheral artery disease and is a nutrition‐based surrogate for frailty. The authors recruited 126 patients with peripheral artery disease who underwent endovascular stent implantation. As in previous reports, malnutrition was diagnosed by the geriatric nutritional risk index. The authors used Kaplan‐Meier and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to analyze the risk of major adverse limb events, which included mortality, major amputation, and target limb revascularization. There were 67 major adverse limb events during a median follow‐up of 480 days. Malnutrition on the basis of the geriatric nutritional risk index was present in 31% of patients. Cox regression analysis showed that malnutrition based on the geriatric nutritional risk index was an independent predictor of major adverse limb events. Kaplan‐Meier analysis showed that major adverse limb events increased with worsening malnutrition. Our single‐center, retrospective evaluation of geriatric nutritional risk index (as a synonym for body health) correlates with an increased risk of major adverse limb events. Future directions should focus not only on identifying these patients but also on modifying risk factors to optimize long‐term outcomes.
Cardiovascular outcomes of β‐blocker—calcium channel blocker initial dual therapy vs. other initial dual therapies in Chinese patients with hypertension: A real‐world retrospective study
Authors: Lin Junxiong , Guo Qinghui , Lu Zhuoqiang , Chai Dajun , Peng Feng , Lin Jinxiu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis retrospective study compared cardiovascular (CV) outcomes between initial β‐blocker (BB) + calcium channel blocker (CCB) dual therapy (“B + C”) and other initial dual therapies in Chinese newly diagnosed hypertensive patients. In this study, all patients in a regional electronic database with newly diagnosed hypertension from January 01, 2012 to December 31, 2016 who received any initial optimal dual therapy recommended by the Chinese hypertension guideline were included. 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM) was used to balance baseline characteristics between patients receiving B + C and patients receiving other initial dual therapies (“Others”). The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) that occurred from January 01, 2012 to December 31, 2017, consisting of non‐fatal stroke, non‐fatal myocardial infarction (MI), non‐fatal chronic heart failure (CHF), and all‐cause death. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare these CV outcomes in the 2 matched cohorts. After the PSM, 6227 patients receiving B + C and 12 454 patients receiving Others were included. Compared to patients receiving Others, patients receiving B + C had a significantly lower risk of MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 0.85; 95% confidential interval [CI] 0.78–0.92; p < .001), non‐fatal stroke (HR 0.89; 95% CI 0.81–0.98; p = .018) and non‐fatal CHF (HR 0.74; 95% CI 0.63–0.86; p < .0001). Additionally, differences in risks of non‐fatal MI and all‐cause death between the 2 treatment cohorts were not statistically significant. In conclusion, BB + CCB initial dual therapy was associated with a lower risk of MACE, stroke, and CHF than other optimal initial dual therapies recommended by the Chinese hypertension guideline in Chinese newly diagnosed hypertensive patients.
Bank capital, lending, and regulation: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Malovaná Simona , Hodula Martin , Bajzík Josef , Gric Zuzana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe collected over 1600 estimates on the relationship between bank capital and lending and construct 40 variables to capture the context in which these estimates are obtained. Accounting for potential publication bias, we find that a 1 percentage point (pp) increase in capital (regulatory) ratio results in around 0.3 pp increase in annual credit growth, while changes to capital requirements cause a decrease of around 0.7 pp. Using Bayesian and frequentist model averaging, we show that the relationship between bank capital and lending changes over time, reflecting the post‐crisis period of increasingly demanding bank capital regulation and subdued profitability. We also find that the reported estimates of semi‐elasticities are significantly influenced by the empirical approach chosen by researchers. Our findings suggest that the literature fails to provide policymakers with reliable estimates of the effects of capital regulation on bank lending, and our study offers insights that could help guide future research.
Weak equilibria for time‐inconsistent control: With applications to investment‐withdrawal decisions
Authors: Liang Zongxia , Yuan Fengyi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper considers time‐inconsistent problems when control and stopping strategies are required to be made simultaneously (called stopping control problems by us). We first formulate the time‐inconsistent stopping control problems under general multidimensional controlled diffusion model and propose a formal definition of their equilibria. We show that an admissible pair of control‐stopping policy is equilibrium if and only if the auxiliary function associated with it solves the extended HJB system, providing a methodology to verify or exclude equilibrium solutions. We provide several examples to illustrate applications to mathematical finance and control theory. For a problem whose reward function endogenously depends on the current wealth, the equilibrium is explicitly obtained. For another model with a nonexponential discount, we prove that any constant proportion strategy can not be equilibrium. We further show that general nonconstant equilibrium exists and is described by singular boundary value problems. This example shows that considering our combined problems is essentially different from investigating them separately. In the end, we also provide a two‐dimensional example with a hyperbolic discount.
Reduced inferior wall longitudinal strain is associated with malignant arrhythmias in non‐ischemic heart failure
Authors: Winsløw Ulrik , Elming Marie Bayer , Thune Jens Jakob , Haarbo Jens , Thornvig Philbert Berit , Svendsen Jesper Hastrup , Pehrson Steen , Jøns Christian , Bundgaard Henning , Køber Lars , Risum Niels 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundReduced systolic myocardial function in the inferior region of the left ventricle has been suggested to be associated with malignant arrhythmias. We tested this hypothesis in patients with non‐ischemic heart failure.MethodsPatients with non‐ischemic heart failure (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] < 35%) were evaluated by 2D‐speckle‐tracking echocardiography. The regional longitudinal strain was calculated for each of the six left ventricular walls. The reduced regional function was defined as strain below the median. The outcome was a composite of sudden cardiac death, admission with sustained ventricular arrhythmia, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and appropriate therapy from a primary prophylactic implantable cardioverter defibrillator. Time‐to‐first‐event analysis was performed using a Cox model.ResultsFrom two centers, 401 patients were included (median age: 63 years, 72% male) with a median LVEF of 25% (interquartile range [IQR] 20;30), and a median inferior wall strain of –9.0% (–12.5; –5.4). During a median follow‐up of 4.0 years, 52 outcomes occurred. After multivariate adjustment for clinical and electrocardiographic parameters, inferior wall strain was independently associated with the outcome (HR 2.50 [1.35; 4.62], p = .003). No independent association was found between the composite outcome and reduced strain in any of the other left ventricular walls, Global Longitudinal Strain (HR 1.66 [0.93; 2.98], p = .09), or LVEF (HR 1.33 [0.75; 2.33], p = .33).ConclusionsBelow median strain in the left ventricular inferior region was independently associated with a 2.5‐fold increase in the risk of malignant arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in patients with non‐ischemic heart failure.
Assessing the economic ripple effect of flood disasters in light of the recovery process: Insights from an agent‐based model
Authors: Jiang Xinyu , Jia Ruiying , Yang Lijiao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo assess the economic ripple effect, this study integrates agent‐based modeling (ABM) with a multiregional input–output (MRIO) table to develop an assessment model that considers capacity recovery process. The intermediate and final demands in the MRIO table are used to describe the agents’ interdependence. Survival analysis is used to construct capacity rate curves. By defining the first‐ and second‐order ripple effects, ABM is used to capture the ripple process in days. To conduct a case study, the service and retail sectors in Enshi in Hubei, China, are selected as disaster‐affected sectors (they were severely affected by the July 17, 2020 flood disaster). The main findings are as follows: (1) With the first‐order ripple effect, the losses caused by service and retail are concentrated within Enshi. Enshi's final demand, construction, and raw materials manufacturing sectors as well as Wuhan's construction sector are seriously affected. (2) With the second‐order ripple effect, the losses caused by the service and retail sectors expand, forming a prominent industrial ripple chain: “service (retail)–raw materials manufacturing–construction.” (3) The direct and indirect losses caused by the service sector are more significant than those caused by the retail sector. However, the loss ratio of the service sector is smaller than that of the retail sector because of its sound industrial structure and strong resilience. Hence, the indirect losses caused by different sectors are not entirely determined by their direct losses; instead, they are also related to the degree of perfection of the structures of different sectors.
Impact of cytomegalovirus immunodominant HLA‐I donor–recipient matching on the incidence and features of virus DNAemia and virus‐specific T‐cell immune reconstitution in unmanipulated haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Huntley Dixie , Giménez Estela , Vázquez Lourdes , Pascual María Jesús , Amat Paula , Remigia María José , Hernández‐Boluda Juan Carlos , García Magdalena , Gago Beatriz , Torres Ignacio , de la Asunción Carlos Solano , Hernani Rafael , Pérez Ariadna , Albert Eliseo , Piñana José Luis , Solano Carlos , Navarro David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated whether donor‐recipient mismatch involving one or more cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunodominant (ID) human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐I alleles may impact on the degree of CMV pp65/immediate‐early 1 (IE‐1) T‐cell reconstitution and the incidence of CMV DNAemia in patients undergoing unmanipulated haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with high‐dose posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PT/Cy‐haplo).MethodsMulticenter observational study including 106 consecutive adult PT/Cy‐haplo patients (34 CMV ID HLA‐I matched and 72 mismatched). A real‐time PCR was used for plasma CMV DNA load monitoring. Enumeration of CMV‐specific (pp65/IE‐1) interferon (IFN)‐γ‐producing T cells from several patients was performed by flow cytometry by days +30, +60, +90 and +180 after transplantation.ResultsThe cumulative incidence of CMV DNAemia, clinically significant CMV DNAemia episodes (cs‐CMVi), and recurrent CMV DNAemia was comparable across CMV ID HLA‐I matched and mismatched patients (71.8% vs. 80.9%, p = .95; 40.7% vs. 44.2%, p = .85; 16.4% vs. 28.1%; p = .43, respectively). The percentage of patients exhibiting detectable CMV‐specific IFN‐γ‐producing T‐cell responses (either CD8+ or CD4+) was similar across groups; nevertheless, significantly higher CMV‐specific CD8+ T‐cell counts were enumerated in the CMV ID HLA‐I matched compared to mismatched patients by day +60 (p = .04) and +180 (p = .016) after transplantation.ConclusionCMV ID HLA‐I matching may impact on the magnitude of CMV‐pp65/IE‐1‐specific CD8+ T‐cell reconstitution; yet, this effect seemed not to have an impact on the incidence of initial, recurrent CMV DNAemia, or cs‐CMVi.
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Surgical interventions and outcome in a population of feline trauma patients
Authors: Fisher Corey J. , Cavanagh Amanda A. , Liss David , Adams Taylor , Marvel Sarah J. , Hall Kelly E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine signalment, injury type, trauma severity score, and outcome of feline trauma patients undergoing surgical (emergency room [ER] and operating room [OR]) and nonsurgical treatments in addition to time to surgery, specialty services involved, and cost in the OR surgery population.DesignRetrospective evaluation of medical record and hospital trauma registry data on feline trauma cases.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsTwo hundred and fifty‐one cats presenting for traumatic injury between May 2017 and July 2020.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsDemographics and outcomes were compared for cats undergoing surgical intervention in an OR (12%, 31/251) or an ER (23%, 58/251) setting and feline trauma patients without surgical intervention (65%, 162/251). Between the 2 surgical groups, 99% survived to discharge compared to 73.5% of the nonsurgical group (P < 0.0001). For the OR surgical cohort, electronic medical records were reviewed to determine the specialty surgery service involved, time to and duration of anesthesia and surgery, and visit cost. The most common surgery services involved were orthopedics (41%, 12/29) and dentistry (38%, 11/29), and the most common surgeries performed were mandibular fracture stabilization (8/29) and internal fixation for long bone fractures (8/29). The ER surgical group had a significantly lower Animal Trauma Triage score than the OR group (P < 0.0001), but a significant difference was not found between OR surgical and nonsurgical groups (P = 0.0553). No difference in modified Glasgow Coma Scale score was found between any groups.ConclusionsSurgical intervention in feline trauma patients appears to be associated with higher survival rates, but no difference in mortality was found across surgery services. OR surgical intervention, in particular, orthopedic surgery, was associated with increased length of hospitalization, increased cost, and increased use of blood products.
Simulation of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) ISFET Sensor with Different Nanostructures
Authors: Mun Lee Shung , Mohamed Sultan Suhana , Ab Razak Nur Afiqah 
Published: April 2023

It is crucial to have early detection of prostate cancer as it is the third most common cancer in men and Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is a protein-based biomarker commonly used to achieve the purpose. Besides, ISFET integrated with nanostructures such as nanowire and nanosphere has been the focus of research for disease diagnosis. Simulations are carried out in Biosensor Lab to investigate the performance of ISFET with planar, nanowire and nanosphere structures in detecting PSA. Using nanostructured ISFET in disease diagnosis is demonstrated by comparing the performance with the surface-to-volume (S/V) ratio. The nanosphere biosensor with the highest S/V ratio showed the lowest settling time when there was a low analyte concentration. Its settling time is 788 times lower than planar and almost 3 times lower than nanowire ISFET. In addition, the time needed for a planar biosensor to capture M of PSA is 5 times slower than a nanowire biosensor and nanosphere biosensor. In signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), nanosphere ISFET exhibits the highest value compared to other structures. These results indicate that a higher S/V ratio contributed to better performance in detecting PSA.
A Review of Failure Rate Models for Deterioration in Rural Microgrids: Evaluating Model Complexity and Data Extensiveness
Authors: Dwi Atmaja Tinton , Mat Said Dalila , Idrus Sevia Mahdaliza , Fudholi Ahmad , Habibuddin Mohd Hafiz , Rajani Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Microgrids in rural areas is crucial for providing reliable and sustainable electricity to remote communities. The deterioration of these microgrids can result in power outages and decreased efficiency. A failure rate model is a tool used to predict and mitigate the risk of deterioration. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of various failure rate models for deterioration in rural microgrid systems, with a focus on evaluating the model complexity and data extensiveness. A total of fourteen failure rate models were analyzed based on their complexity and data requirements. Complexity was evaluated in four levels, ranging from simple to expert. Data extensiveness was evaluated in four levels, ranging from basic to expert. The results show that the complexity and extensiveness of the models vary significantly, with some models being more appropriate for certain types of microgrid systems than others. The study also highlights the importance of considering the complexity and extensiveness of a model when selecting it for a particular microgrid system. This study provides valuable insights for policymakers, microgrid engineers, and microgrid operators in selecting the most appropriate failure rate model for their rural microgrid systems. The findings emphasize the need to consider the complexity and extensiveness of the model to ensure its effectiveness and efficiency in predicting and mitigating the risk of deterioration.
Development ofCoreOutcomeSets for trials on the management ofAtrial fiBrillAtion inCriticallyUnwell patientS(COS-ABACUS): a protocol
Authors: Johnston Brian , Hill Ruaraidh A , Blackwood Bronagh , Lip Gregory Y H , Welters Ingeborg D 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionAtrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in critically unwell patients. New-onset AF (NOAF) affects 5%–11% of all admissions and up to 46% admitted with septic shock. NOAF is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs. Existing trials into the prevention and management of NOAF suffer from significant heterogeneity making comparisons and inferences limited. Core outcome sets (COS) aim to standardise outcome reporting, reduce inconsistency between trials and reduce outcome reporting bias. We aim to develop an internationally agreed COS for trials of interventions on the management of NOAF during critical illness.Methods and analysisStakeholders including intensive care physicians, cardiologists and patients will be recruited from national and international critical care organisations. COS development will occur in five stages: (1) Outcomes included in trials, recent systematic reviews and surveys of clinician practice and patient focus groups will be extracted. (2) Extracted outcomes will inform a two-stage e-Delphi process and consensus meeting using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. (3) Outcome measurement instruments (OMIs) will be identified from the literature and a consensus meeting held to agree OMI for core outcomes. (4) Nominal group technique will be used in a final consensus meeting to the COS. (5) The findings of our COS will be published in peer-reviewed journals and implemented in future guidelines and intervention trials.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the University of Liverpool ethics committee (Ref: 11 256, 21 June 2022), with a formal consent waiver and assumed consent. We will disseminate the finalised COS via national and international critical care organisations and publication in peer-reviewed journals.
Trajectories of astroparticles in pseudo-Finsler spacetime with the most general modified dispersion
Authors: Zhu Jie , Ma Bo-Qiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFinsler geometry is a natural and fundamental generalization of Riemann geometry, and is a tool to research Lorentz invariance violation. We find the connection between the most general modified dispersion relation and a pseudo-Finsler structure, and then we calculate the arrival time delay of astroparticles with different modified dispersion relations in the framework of Finsler geometry. The result suggests that the time delay is irrelevant with the exact form of the modified dispersion relation. If the modified term becomes 0 when $$E=p$$

E
=
p

, there is no arrival time difference, otherwise the time delays only depend on the Lorentz violation scale and the order at which the Lorentz invariance breaks.
Fundamental heap for framed links and ribbon cocycle invariants
Authors: Saito Masahico , Zappala Emanuele 
Published: April 2023

A heap is a set with a certain ternary operation that is self-distributive and exemplified by a group with the operation [Formula: see text]. We introduce and investigate framed link invariants using heaps. In analogy with the knot group, we define the fundamental heap of framed links using group presentations. The fundamental heap is determined for some classes of links such as certain families of torus and pretzel links. We show that for these families of links there exist epimorphisms from fundamental heaps to Vinberg and Coxeter groups, implying that corresponding groups are infinite. A relation to the Wirtinger presentation is also described. The cocycle invariant is defined using ternary self-distributive (TSD) cohomology, by means of a state sum that uses ternary heap [Formula: see text]-cocycles as weights. This invariant corresponds to a rack cocycle invariant for the rack constructed by doubling of a heap, while colorings can be regarded as heap morphisms from the fundamental heap. For the construction of the invariant, first computational methods for the heap cohomology are developed. It is shown that the cohomology splits into two types, called degenerate and nondegenerate, and that the degenerate part is one-dimensional. Subcomplexes are constructed based on group cosets, that allow computations of the nondegenerate part. Computations of the cocycle invariants are presented using the cocycles constructed, and conversely, it is proved that the invariant values can be used to derive algebraic properties of the cohomology.