bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the factors influencing spinal manipulative therapy force transmission through the thorax: a cadaveric study
Authors: Mikhail Jérémie , Funabashi Martha , Sobczak Stéphane , Descarreaux Martin , Pagé Isabelle 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Spinal manipulative therapy (SMT) clinical effects are believed to be linked to its force–time profile characteristics. Previous studies have revealed that the force measured at the patient-table interface is most commonly greater than the one applied at the clinician-patient interface. The factors explaining this force amplification remains unclear.

Objective
To determine the difference between the force applied to a cadaveric specimen’s thoracic spine and the resulting force measured by a force-sensing table, as well as to evaluate the relationship between this difference and both the SMT force–time characteristics and the specimens’ characteristics.

Methods
Twenty-five SMTs with different force–time profiles were delivered by an apparatus at the T7 vertebra of nine human cadaveric specimens lying prone on a treatment table equipped with a force plate. The difference between the force applied by the apparatus and the resulting force measured by the force plate was calculated in absolute force (Fdiff) and as the percentage of the applied force (Fdiff%). Kinematics markers were inserted into T6 to T8 spinous and transverse processes to evaluate vertebral displacements during the SMT thrusts. Mixed-effects linear models were run to evaluate the variance in Fdiff and Fdiff% explained by SMT characteristics (peak force, thrust duration and force application rate), T6 to T8 relative and total displacements, and specimens’ characteristics (BMI, height, weight, kyphosis angle, thoracic thickness).

Results
Sixty percent of the trials showed lower force measured at the force plate than the one applied at T7. Fdiff¸ was significantly predicted (R2marginal = 0.54) by peak force, thrust duration, thoracic thickness and T6–T7 relative displacement in the z-axis (postero-anterior). Fdiff% was significantly predicted (R2marginal = 0.56) by force application rate, thoracic thickness and total T6 displacements. For both dependant variables, thoracic thickness showed the highest R2marginal out of all predictors.

Conclusion
Difference in force between the clinician-patient and the patient-table interfaces is influenced by SMT force–time characteristics and by thoracic thickness. How these differences in force are associated with vertebral displacements remains unclear. Although further studies are needed, clinicians should consider thorax thickness as a possible modulator of forces being transmitted through it during prone SMT procedures.
Machine learning for classification of cutaneous sebaceous neoplasms: implementing decision tree model using cytological and architectural features
Authors: Kamyab-Hesari Kambiz , Azhari Vahidehsadat , Ahmadzade Ali , Asadi Amoli Fahimeh , Najafi Anahita , Hasanzadeh Alireza , Beikmarzehei Alireza 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This observational study aims to describe and compare histopathological, architectural, and nuclear characteristics of sebaceous lesions and utilized these characteristics to develop a predictive classification approach using machine learning algorithms.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on Iranian patients with sebaceous tumors from two hospitals between March 2015 and March 2019. Pathology slides were reviewed by two pathologists and the architectural and cytological attributes were recorded. Multiple decision tree models were trained using 5-fold cross validation to determine the most important predictor variables and to develop a simple prediction model.

Results
This study assessed the characteristics of 123 sebaceous tumors. Histopathological findings, including pagetoid appearance, neurovascular invasion, atypical mitosis, extensive necrotic area, poor cell differentiation, and non-lobular tumor growth pattern, as well as nuclear features, including highly irregular nuclear contour, and large nuclear size were exclusively observed in carcinomatous tumors. Among non-carcinomatous lesions, some sebaceoma and sebaceous adenoma cases had features like high mitotic activity, which can be misleading and complicate diagnosis. Based on multiple decision tree models, the five most critical variables for lesion categorization were identified as: basaloid cell count, peripheral basaloid cell layers, tumor margin, nuclear size, and chromatin.

Conclusions
This study implemented a machine learning modeling approach to help optimally categorize sebaceous lesions based on architectural and nuclear features. However, studies of larger sample sizes are needed to ensure the accuracy of our suggested predictive model.
Tissue poromechanical deformation effects on steam pop likelihood in 3-D radiofrequency cardiac ablation
Authors: Wongchadakul Patcharaporn , Datta Ashim K. , Rattanadecho Phadungsak 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRadiofrequency Cardiac Ablation (RFCA) is a common procedure that heats cardiac tissue to destroy abnormal signal pathways to eliminate arrhythmias. The complex multiphysics phenomena during this procedure need to be better understood to improve both procedure and device design. A deformable poromechanical model of cardiac tissue was developed that coupled joule heating from the electrode, heat transfer, and blood flow from normal perfusion and thermally driven natural convection, which mimics the real tissue structure more closely and provides more realistic results compared to previous models. The expansion of tissue from temperature rise reduces blood velocity, leading to increased tissue temperature, thus affecting steam pop occurrence. Detailed temperature velocity, and thermal expansion of the tissue provided a comprehensive picture of the process. Poromechanical expansion of the tissue from temperature rise reduces blood velocity, increasing tissue temperature. Tissue properties influence temperatures, with lower porosity increasing the temperatures slightly, due to lower velocities. Deeper electrode insertion raises temperature due to increased current flow. The results demonstrate that a 5% increase in porosity leads to a considerable 10% increase in maximum tissue temperature. These insights should greatly help in avoiding undesirable heating effects that can lead to steam pop and in designing improved electrodes.
Fluid dynamic design for mitigating undesired cell effects and its application to testis cell response testing to endocrine disruptors
Authors: Lee Seungjin , Ahn Jinseop , Kim Seok-Man , Kim Daehan , Yeom Jiun , Kim Jeongmok , Park Joong Yull , Ryu Buom-Yong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicrofluidic devices have emerged as powerful tools for cell-based experiments, offering a controlled microenvironment that mimic the conditions within the body. Numerous cell experiment studies have successfully utilized microfluidic channels to achieve various new scientific discoveries. However, it has been often overlooked that undesired and unnoticed propagation of cellular molecules in such bio-microfluidic channel systems can have a negative impact on the experimental results. Thus, more careful designing is required to minimize such unwanted issues through deeper understanding and careful control of chemically and physically predominant factors at the microscopic scale. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to improve microfluidic channel design, specifically targeting the mitigation of the aforementioned challenges. To minimize the occurrence of undesired cell positioning upstream from the main test section where a concentration gradient field locates, an additional narrow port structure was devised between the microfluidic upstream channel and each inlet reservoir. This port also functioned as a passive lock that hold the flow at rest via fluid-air surface tension, which facilitated manual movement of the device even when cell attachment was not achieved completely. To demonstrate the practicability of the system, we conducted experiments and diffusion simulations on the effect of endocrine disruptors on germ cells. To this end, a bisphenol-A (BPA) concentration gradient was generated in the main channel of the system at BPA concentrations ranging from 120.8 μM to 79.3 μM, and the proliferation of GC-1 cells in the BPA gradient environment was quantitatively evaluated. The features and concepts of the introduced design is to minimize unexpected and ignored error sources, which will be one of the issues to be considered in the development of microfluidic systems to explore extremely delicate cellular phenomena.
Cerebrospinal fluid lipidomic fingerprint of obstructive sleep apnoea in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Dakterzada Farida , Benítez Iván D. , Targa Adriano , Carnes Anna , Pujol Montse , Jové Mariona , Mínguez Olga , Vaca Rafi , Sánchez-de-la-Torre Manuel , Barbé Ferran , Pamplona Reinald , Piñol-Ripoll Gerard 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has a high prevalence in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Both conditions have been shown to be associated with lipid dysregulation. However, the relationship between OSA severity and alterations in lipid metabolism in the brains of patients with AD has yet to be fully elucidated. In this context, we examined the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipidome of patients with suspected OSA to identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and to provide insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the effect of OSA on AD.

Methods
The study included 91 consecutive AD patients who underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG) to diagnose severe OSA (apnoea-hypopnea index ≥ 30/h). The next morning, CSF samples were collected and analysed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry in an LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS platform.

Results
The CSF levels of 11 lipid species were significantly different between AD patients with (N = 38) and without (N = 58) severe OSA. Five lipids (including oxidized triglyceride OxTG(57:2) and four unknown lipids) were significantly correlated with specific PSG measures of OSA severity related to sleep fragmentation and hypoxemia. Our analyses revealed a 4-lipid signature (including oxidized ceramide OxCer(40:6) and three unknown lipids) that provided an accuracy of 0.80 (95% CI: 0.71–0.89) in the detection of severe OSA. These lipids increased the discriminative power of the STOP-Bang questionnaire in terms of the area under the curve (AUC) from 0.61 (0.50–0.74) to 0.85 (0.71–0.93).

Conclusions
Our results reveal a CSF lipidomic fingerprint that allows the identification of AD patients with severe OSA. Our findings suggest that an increase in central nervous system lipoxidation may be the principal mechanism underlying the association between OSA and AD.
Hypoxic oligodendrocyte precursor cell-derived VEGFA is associated with blood–brain barrier impairment
Authors: Manukjan Narek , Majcher Daria , Leenders Peter , Caiment Florian , van Herwijnen Marcel , Smeets Hubert J. , Suidgeest Ernst , van der Weerd Louise , Vanmierlo Tim , Jansen Jacobus F. A. , Backes Walter H. , van Oostenbrugge Robert J. , Staals Julie , Fulton Daniel , Ahmed Zubair , Blankesteijn W. Matthijs , Foulquier Sébastien 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCerebral small vessel disease is characterised by decreased cerebral blood flow and blood–brain barrier impairments which play a key role in the development of white matter lesions. We hypothesised that cerebral hypoperfusion causes local hypoxia, affecting oligodendrocyte precursor cell—endothelial cell signalling leading to blood–brain barrier dysfunction as an early mechanism for the development of white matter lesions. Bilateral carotid artery stenosis was used as a mouse model for cerebral hypoperfusion. Pimonidazole, a hypoxic cell marker, was injected prior to humane sacrifice at day 7. Myelin content, vascular density, blood–brain barrier leakages, and hypoxic cell density were quantified. Primary mouse oligodendrocyte precursor cells were exposed to hypoxia and RNA sequencing was performed. Vegfa gene expression and protein secretion was examined in an oligodendrocyte precursor cell line exposed to hypoxia. Additionally, human blood plasma VEGFA levels were measured and correlated to blood–brain barrier permeability in normal-appearing white matter and white matter lesions of cerebral small vessel disease patients and controls. Cerebral blood flow was reduced in the stenosis mice, with an increase in hypoxic cell number and blood–brain barrier leakages in the cortical areas but no changes in myelin content or vascular density. Vegfa upregulation was identified in hypoxic oligodendrocyte precursor cells, which was mediated via Hif1α and Epas1. In humans, VEGFA plasma levels were increased in patients versus controls. VEGFA plasma levels were associated with increased blood–brain barrier permeability in normal appearing white matter of patients. Cerebral hypoperfusion mediates hypoxia induced VEGFA expression in oligodendrocyte precursor cells through Hif1α/Epas1 signalling. VEGFA could in turn increase BBB permeability. In humans, increased VEGFA plasma levels in cerebral small vessel disease patients were associated with increased blood–brain barrier permeability in the normal appearing white matter. Our results support a role of VEGFA expression in cerebral hypoperfusion as seen in cerebral small vessel disease.
UPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS profiling, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative activities and in silico molecular docking analysis of Barleria strigosa
Authors: Lei Ming , Wang Lei , Olatunde Oladipupo Odunayo , Singh Sudarshan , Ovatlarnporn Chitchamai , Basit Abdul , Olatunji Opeyemi Joshua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the in vitro antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects of B. strigosa hydrophilic (BSTR) and lipophilic (LSB) leaves extracts. The phytochemical profile was also performed using UHPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS.

Results
The results indicated that BSTR and LSB showed excellent antioxidant properties in the DPPH scavenging, ABTS scavenging, FRAP and MCA assays. The extracts also demonstrated α-glucosidase (81.56–157.56 µg/mL) and α-amylase (204.44 µg/mL) inhibitory activities. In addition, the extracts showed significant cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects against oral squamous carcinoma (CLS-354/WT) cancer cells. Furthermore, the extracts showed excellent antibacterial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Both extracts exhibited a significant reduction in nitric oxide secretion against activated macrophage cells. The UHPLC–MS analysis revealed that B. strigosa is rich in terpenoids, iridoid glycosides, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. The plethora of these compounds may be responsible for the observed activities. In addition, the bioactive compounds identified by UHPLC–ESI–QTOF–MS were analyzed using silico molecular docking studies to determine the binding affinity with α-amylase and α-glucosidase.

Conclusions
These results suggest that B. strigosa is an excellent pharmacological active plant and it provides the basis for further studies on the exploration of its potentials in oxidative stress induced disorders.

Graphical Abstract
Lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Han Jieun , Lim Jaesung , Wang Chi-Pin James , Han Jun-Hyeok , Shin Ha Eun , Kim Se-Na , Jeong Dooyong , Lee Sang Hwi , Chun Bok-Hwan , Park Chun Gwon , Park Wooram 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCancer immunotherapy, which harnesses the power of the immune system, has shown immense promise in the fight against malignancies. Messenger RNA (mRNA) stands as a versatile instrument in this context, with its capacity to encode tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), immune cell receptors, cytokines, and antibodies. Nevertheless, the inherent structural instability of mRNA requires the development of effective delivery systems. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as significant candidates for mRNA delivery in cancer immunotherapy, providing both protection to the mRNA and enhanced intracellular delivery efficiency. In this review, we offer a comprehensive summary of the recent advancements in LNP-based mRNA delivery systems, with a focus on strategies for optimizing the design and delivery of mRNA-encoded therapeutics in cancer treatment. Furthermore, we delve into the challenges encountered in this field and contemplate future perspectives, aiming to improve the safety and efficacy of LNP-based mRNA cancer immunotherapies.
Graphical Abstract
Tertiary referral hospital experience of methanol poisoning in the COVID-19 era: a cross-sectional study in Northwestern Iran
Authors: Jafarizadeh Ali , Sobhi Navid , Abdollahi Mirsaeed , Khamnian Zhila , Mousavi Farideh , Jabbari Saba , Jabbari Hossein 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Methanol poisoning is a worldwide phenomenon that has resulted in deaths and irreversible complications. However, studies show it is more prevalent in developing countries and areas with lower socioeconomic status. So, accurately recognizing socio-economic risk factors, increasing people's awareness about methanol poisoning, and proper hospital management will reduce its dangerous complications and mortality.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted retrospectively at Sina Hospital, a poisoning center and tertiary referral center in northwestern Iran, and investigated demographic findings and hospital management indicators through systematic random sampling between February 20, 2020, and September 22, 2022 (or the COVID-19 era). We assessed variable correlations using Spearman's correlation coefficient, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskall–Wallis.

Results
Out of 131 patients, 126 (96.2%) were males, and 5 (3.8%) were females. 45.5% and 30.3% of poisoning incidents occurred between the winter and spring, respectively. 67 patients (50.8%) were referred to this hospital due to vision complaints. Unfortunately, 10 patients (7.6%) passed away despite receiving care. Employed individuals were referred to the treatment facility more quickly than unemployed individuals (P-value = 0.01). Patients with medical insurance coverage were referred faster after consuming alcohol (P-value = 0.039). Older patients referred to the hospital later. (P-value = 0.006).

Conclusions
Mortality and morbidity following methanol poisoning are likely to be affected by factors including access to medical care, financial stability, and employment status. Consequently, reducing mortality and morbidity requires attention to these concerns.
Exploration of Malignant Characteristics in Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy-Resistant Rectal Cancer, Focusing on Extramural Lesions
Authors: Kubota Shunsuke , Miura Takuya , Wakiya Taiichi , Yoshizawa Tadashi , Goto Shintaro , Morohashi Hajime , Sakamoto Yoshiyuki , Tatara Yota , Kijima Hiroshi , Hakamada Kenichi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Extramural vascular invasion (EMVI) and tumor deposits (TD) are poor prognostic factors in rectal cancer (RC), especially when resistant to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We aimed to define differential expression in NAC responders and non-responders with concomitant EMVI and TD.

Methods
From 52 RC surgical patients, post-NAC resected specimens were extracted, comprising two groups: cases with residual EMVI and TD (NAC-resistant) and cases without (NAC-effective). Proteomic analysis was conducted to define differential protein expression in the two groups. To validate the findings, immunohistochemistry was performed in another cohort that included 58 RC surgical patients. Based on the findings, chemosensitivity and prognosis were compared.

Results
The NAC-resistant group was associated with a lower 3-year disease-free survival rate than the NAC-effective group (p = 0.041). Discriminative proteins in the NAC-resistant group were highly associated with the sulfur metabolism pathway. Among these pathway constituents, selenium-binding protein 1 (SELENBP1) expression in the NAC-resistant group decreased to less than one-third of that of the NAC-effective group. Immunohistochemistry in another RC cohort consistently validated the relationship between decreased SELENBP1 and poorer NAC sensitivity, in both pre-NAC biopsy and post-NAC surgery specimens. Furthermore, decrease in SELENBP1 was associated with a lower 3-year disease-free survival rate (p = 0.047).

Conclusions
We defined one of the differentially expressed proteins in NAC responders and non-responders, concomitant with EMVI and TD. SELENBP1 was suspected to contribute to NAC resistance and poor prognosis in RC.
Perspectives in fraud theories – A systematic review approach
Authors: Chimonaki Christianna , Papadakis Stelios , Lemonakis Christos 
Published: August 2023

Background: Increasing progress is being made in the field of accounting fraud, and extensive theoretical research is needed to develop future research topics using trend analysis. Our research consists of a literature review that examines the most common fraud theories and attempts to interpret the characteristics of human behaviour that lead to fraud as well as current methods of detecting corporate fraud. Methods: We searched the Scopus database for articles on a fraud theory. We analyse articles published between 2004 and 2022, using a keyword search for ‘Fraud Triangle’, ‘Fraud Diamond’, ‘Fraud Pentagon’, and ‘Fraud Hexagon’. Furthermore, we include all document types like articles, conference papers, reviews, book chapters, conference reviews, notes, and data papers. The investigation was limited to papers published in English from 2004 to 2022, not including the current year 2023, as documents are still being published. The last research was done at the end of January 2023. The results from the above criteria are to collect 302 papers. We used VOS program viewer in our bibliometric analysis. Results: According to our network analysis, the Fraud Diamond theory seems to be the most functional fraud theory. According to our findings of the published articles, the main human behavioural characteristics that can lead a manager to commit fraud are the components of the fraud diamond theory: capability - opportunity - pressure - rationalization. Thus, the fraud diamond theory analyses more than the fraud triangle, pentagon, and hexagon theories. So human behavioural characteristics have a positive effect and can lead to fraud in companies. Conclusions: Future research needs to analyse more Pentagon and Hexagon fraud theories, which are more recent and have not yet been analysed in detail. Also, future research needs to analyse more of the human behaviour characteristics related to the Pentagon and Hexagon fraud theories.
Sonar-guided attention in natural tasks
Authors: Wohlgemuth Melville , Salles Angeles , Moss Cynthia 
Published: August 2023

Little is known about neural dynamics that accompany rapid shifts in spatial attention in freely behaving animals, primarily because reliable, fine scale indicators of attention are lacking in standard model organisms engaged in natural tasks. The echolocating bat can serve to bridge this gap, as it exhibits robust dynamic behavioral indicators of spatial attention while it explores its environment. In particular, the bat actively shifts the aim of its sonar beam to inspect objects in different directions, akin to eye movements and foveation in humans and other visually dominant animals. Further, the bat adjusts the temporal features of sonar calls to attend to objects at different distances, yielding a direct metric of acoustic gaze along the range axis. Thus, an echolocating bat’s call features not only convey the information it uses to probe its surroundings, but also reveal its auditory attention to objects in 3D space. These explicit metrics of spatial attention provide a powerful and robust system for analyzing changes in attention at a behavioral level, as well as the underlying neural mechanisms.