bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A hypothesis on the initial film formation by deposition from the indoor air on clean filter samples and its relevance for unvarnished oil paintings on canvas
Authors: Grøntoft Terje , Cutajar Jan Dariusz 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In recent years, increased research efforts and environmental improvements have been directed towards the preventive conservation of the monumental, unvarnished oil paintings on canvas (1909–1916) by Edvard Munch (1863–1944) housed in the University of Oslo Aula. Surface soiling of the paintings has been a documented issue since their display, and the modern-day effect of air-borne particulates and gases on the painting surfaces remains hitherto undocumented. For the first time in the Aula, this study has measured the in situ accumulating mass deposition of air pollution onto vertical surfaces over the period of one year (2021–2022). Concomitant measurements of the concentrations of ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were also taken, to complement periodic data from 2020. The mass deposition was measured through incremental weight changes of Teflon membrane filters and quartz filters (for elemental/organic carbon, EC/OC), whilst the gaseous pollutants were measured using passive gas samplers. Indoor-to-outdoor ratios (I/O) for O3 were noted to be higher than those suggested by earlier data (whereas NO2 I/O ratios were found to be lower), indicating a stronger oxidising atmosphere in the Aula. Just over half of the deposited mass on the quartz filters was found to be OC, with no EC detected. Surprisingly, an overall decrease in mass deposition from three to twelve months was measured on the Teflon membrane filters. It was hypothesised, based on models reported in the literature, that the source of the OC on the filters was mainly gaseous, semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), which were present in an adsorption/desorption equilibrium that was dependent on possible SVOC emission episodes, relative humidity levels, gaseous oxidative reactions and particulate matter deposition. A simple mathematical model is proposed to rationalise the observed mass depositions on the filters, together with a discussion of uncertainties affecting the measurements. The hypothesis preliminarily indicates the possible and previously unconsidered role of SVOCs on the initial film formation of soiling layers on the Aula paintings, and could bear implications for their monitoring in the preventive care of unvarnished oil paintings on canvas.
A single amino acid at position 31 in the N terminus of the coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus determines its avirulence function for RCY1-conferred virus resistance
Authors: Takahashi Hideki , Ando Yuki , Kanayama Yoshinori , Miyashita Shuhei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The coat protein (CP) of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) yellow strain [CMV(Y)] but not CMV B2 strain [CMV(B2)], is an avirulence determinant against NB-LRR class RCY1 of Arabidopsis thaliana. To dissect the avirulent function, a series of binary vectors, which were constructed by partially exchanging CP-coding sequence between CMV(Y) and CMV(B2) or nucleotide substitutions, were transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves transformed with modified RCY1 cDNA. Analysis of hypersensitive resistance-cell death, CP accumulation, and defense gene expression at leaf sites infiltrated with Agrobacterium, indicates that single amino acid at 31 position of the CP seems to determine the avirulence function.
Brain-inspired Relational Semantic Reasoning for Video Captioning
Authors: Yao Xiao , Yuan Zhaohui , Gu Min 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Traditional video captioning methods mainly rely on the detection of objects in the video, ignoring the discussion of the mutual semantic relations between objects, resulting in a decrease in description accuracy under the influence of occlusion and tiny-size objects. In this paper, we discuss the hippocampal circuit and memory mechanism of the human brain, and a brain-inspired model based on the long-term short-term memory branch of the hippocampus is proposed. The explicit and implicit semantics in video are explored by simulating the interaction mechanism between short-term memory in the hippocampus and long-term memory in the cerebral cortex. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method on public benchmarks (Microsoft Research Video Description Corpus(MSVD) and Microsoft Research Video to Text(MSRVTT)). Extensive experiments demonstrate that our model outperforms general state-of-the-art methods and effectively improves the effect of content understanding in videos.
Factors affecting prognosis and need for anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections in wet age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Kizilay Muhammet Emin , Sengun Gozde Derin , Esen Fehim , Durmus Ebubekir , Oguz Halit , Aykut Veysel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To understand factors affecting visual prognosis and the number of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections needed to stabilize wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD).
Methods: In this retrospective cohort, 119 treatment-naïve wet AMD patients were followed for two years. In patients with bilateral disease, the eye with worse best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) or that received more intravitreal injections was recruited as the study eye. In all visits, BCVA was recorded, ophthalmological examination was performed including macular optical coherence tomography imaging. Twenty health status / lifestyle questions were asked to the patients via phone as potential risk factors. All patients received 3 loading doses of intravitreal bevacizumab injections and received repeat injections of aflibercept or ranibizumab when the eye had a new, active neovascular lesion.
Results: Patients who took regular micronutrition had similar visual outcome and injection numbers compared to the ones who did not. Patients with bilateral disease needed less intravitreal injections compared to unilateral AMD patients (p=0.016) and women on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) required less injections compared to the women who were not (p=0.024). Female patients had a mean gain of 2.7 letters while male patients lost 3.8 letters (p=0.038). Wet AMD started at an earlier age in smokers (p=0.002). Patients with a better education level presented earlier with better BCVA (p=0.037).
Conclusion: HRT and anti-VEGF injections to the fellow eye improved the prognosis of wet AMD, while male patients had slightly worse prognosis. estrogen’s protective effects and potential contribution in wet AMD needs further attention.
Retrospectively registered: 2020/0622
Changes in Temperature and CO2 Concentration Induced by El Niño
Authors: Nishioka Masaharu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We compared satellite-based UAH Earth surface temperature, NOAA ENSO index, and Earth-surface CO2 change rate in detail. These three variables were well correlated over the observed 40 years. Temperature changed about one year after ENSO index changed, and CO2 change rate followed temperature change by several months. CO2 emission and absorption at the Earth’s surface responded to temperature changes. It was like Earth’s breathing. CO2 emission due to higher temperature was related to plant respiration or decomposition processes.
Optimized Caged Silica Synthesis with Lithium Chloride and Calcium Chloride Impregnation for Prospective Desalination Application
Authors: Khushnood Sundus , Khan Javaid Rabbani , Ng Kim Choon , Ja M Kum , Imran Muhammad , Shahzad Muhammad Wakil 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Caged Silica is an inorganic sorbent that is widely employed in a variety of applications, including catalysts, thermal insulation, energy storage batteries, and as an adsorbent in the extraction of fresh water. Researchers have devised several techniques to prepare mono-dispersed caged silica with standard morphology. Template synthesis is quite prominent due to its structural stability and versatility. In this work, we present synthesis of caged silica microsphere via hard template synthesis by employing the process of calcination at 550 Co for 4 hours at the rate of 3 Co/min and subsequent drying. Emulsion polymerization was utilized to develop the polystyrene required in the procedure. This study also looks at how different parameters like silica precursor concentration, surfactant concentration, and catalyst concentration affect silica morphology. It was investigated that caged silica synthesis was optimized at 1.5 ml of TEOS, 1.25 g of CTAB, 0.1 g of PS and 75 μl of NH3 which was confirmed by SEM and TEM analysis. Surface area of caged silica was measured as 448 m2/g with the stirring rate of 5 minutes. We also impregnated caged silica with 9% of hygroscopic salts (CaCl2 and LiCl) and it showed substantial uptake improvement. Preliminary results showed that LiCl impregnated caged silica is more efficient at water uptake compared to CaCl2. The proposed composite adsorbent (Si-9-Li & Si-9-Ca) could be used for the desalination application.
A kinetic compass for the design of experiments to determine kinetic parameters
Authors: Krüger Matteo , Mishra Ashmi , Spichtinger Peter , Pöschl Ulrich , Berkemeier Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Kinetic process models are widely applied in science and engineering, including atmospheric, physiological and technical chemistry, reactor design, or process optimization. These models rely on numerous kinetic parameters such as reaction rate, diffusion or partitioning coefficients. Determining these parameters by experiments can be challenging, especially for multiphase systems, and researchers often face the task of intuitively selecting experimental conditions to obtain insightful results. We developed a kinetic compass (KC) method that integrates kinetic models, global optimization, ensemble methods, and machine learning to identify experimental conditions with the greatest potential to constrain kinetic parameters. The approach is based on the quantification of model output variance in an ensemble of solutions that agree with experimental data. The utility of the KC method is demonstrated for the kinetic parameters in a multi-layer model describing the heterogeneous ozonolysis of oleic acid aerosols. We show how neural network surrogate models of the multiphase chemical reaction system can be used to accelerate the application of the kinetic compass for a comprehensive mapping and analysis of experimental conditions. The code is openly available and can be adapted to various types of process models.
Mapping Socioeconomic Conditions Using Satellite Imagery: A Computer Vision Approach for Developing Countries
Authors: Arshad Arslan , Zulfikar Junaid , Zaib Muhammad Hassan , Khan Ahsan , Khan Muhammad Jahanzeb 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pakistan is a developing country with more than a quarter of its population living under the poverty line. Data relating to the socioeconomic conditions of the population is scarce and sporadic. Government, NGOs, and other international organizations perform door-to-door surveys to collect data, but these can be expensive and time-consuming to conduct. Currently, statistics about poverty in Pakistan exist only as estimates from field surveys, which are often unofficial and limited. This lack of reliable information leads to ineffective policy decisions. This is one of the biggest challenges in fighting issues such as poverty. Reliable information is thus needed for the unified and concerted direction of development activities. This thesis aims to build a computer vision system that can automatically extract information about poverty from publicly available high-resolution satellite imagery. The proposed system output is heat maps indicating poverty and development levels. These heat maps can be overlaid on digital maps for easy visualization. We propose to use transfer learning techniques to extract indicators such as geographical and man-made structural features from high-resolution satellite imagery. The trained model learns to filter and distinguish between various terrains and man-made features, such as highways, buildings, and farmlands. We show that these learned traits are quite useful for mapping socioeconomic variables and even come close to matching the prediction data with field survey data. For a developing country like Pakistan, this thesis is useful because the approach uses publicly available data and is a scalable and inexpensive alternative to traditional surveys. The results from our thesis can aid policymakers and NGOs in distributing their funds to areas that are most deserving and enacting and assessing policies more effectively.
Immune-related transcriptomic and epigenetic reconfiguration in BV2 cells after LPS exposure: an in vitro omics integrative study
Authors: Rivera Arturo Marroquín , Zhao Chenqi , Pessoni André Moreira , Bherer Juliette , Mansouri Samaneh , Droit Arnaud , Labonté Benoit 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Molecular alterations affecting microglia activity have been consistently associated with the inflammatory response. These cells can have pro or anti-inflammatory activity, phenotypes thought to be heavily regulated by epigenetic mechanisms. Still, little is known about the details on how epigenetic marks regulate the expression of genes in the context of an inflammatory response.
Methods
Through CUT&RUN, we profiled four genome-wide histone marks (HM) (H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K27ac and H3K27me3) in lipopolysaccharide exposed-cells and compared their distributions to control cells. Transcriptomic profiles were determined through RNA-seq and differentially expressed genes were identified and contrasted with the epigenetic landscapes. Other downstream analyses were also included in this study.
Results
Our results illustrate an effectively induced M1 phenotype in microglial cells derived from LPS exposure. We observed differential bound regions associated with genes classically involved in the inflammatory response in the expected direction according to each histone modification. Consistently, our transcriptomic analysis yielded a conspicuous illustration of the LPS-induced immune activity showing the up-regulation of Nf-κB induced mRNAs (TNF-α, nfκbiz, nfκbia) and other important genes (Marco, Il-6, etc.). Furthermore, we integrated both omics profiles and identified an important reconfiguration of the genome induced by LPS. The latter was depicted by 8 different chromatin states that changed between conditions and that, associated with unique clusters of differentially expressed genes, not only represented regulatory elements, but also underlined distinct biological functions (inhibition of morphogenesis; changes in metabolism, homeostasis, and cytokine regulation; activation of the inflammatory response).
Conclusion
This study exhibits important differences in the distribution of histone modifications in treated and control BV2 cells, constituting an epigenetic reconfiguration that leads to the inflammatory response. Also, it highlights the importance of these marks' regulatory role in gene expression and provides possible targets for further studies in the context of inflammation.
Cefoxitin versus carbapenems as definitive treatment for Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in intensive care unit: a propensity-matched retrospective analysis
Authors: Dequidt Tanguy , Bastian Sylvaine , Nacher Mathieu , Breurec Sébastien , Carles Michel , Thiery Guillaume , Camous Laurent , Tressieres Benoit , Valette Marc , Pommier Jean-David 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite cefoxitin's in vitro resistance to hydrolysis by extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), treatment of ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) infections with cefoxitin remains controversial. The aim of our study was to compare the clinical efficacy of cefoxitin as definitive antibiotic therapy for patients with ESBL-KP bacteremia in intensive care unit, versus carbapenem therapy.
Methods
This retrospective study included all patients with monomicrobial bacteremia hospitalized in intensive care unit between January 2013 and January 2023 at the University Hospital of Guadeloupe. The primary outcome was the 30-day clinical success defined as a composite endpoint: 30-day survival, absence of relapse, and no change of antibiotic therapy. Cox regression including a propensity score (PS) and PS-based matched analysis were performed for endpoint analysis.
Results
110 patients with bloodstream infections were enrolled. Sixty-three patients (57%) received definitive antibiotic therapy with cefoxitin, while forty-seven (43%) were treated with carbapenems. 30-day clinical success was not significantly different between patients treated with cefoxitin (57%) and carbapenems (53%, p = 0.823). PS-adjusted and PS-matched analysis confirmed these findings. Change of definitive antibiotic therapy were more frequent in the cefoxitin group (17% vs. 0%, p = 0.002). No significant differences were observed for the other secondary endpoints. The acquisition of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was significantly higher in patients receiving carbapenem therapy (5% vs. 23%, p = 0.007).
Conclusions
Our results suggest that cefoxitin as definitive antibiotic therapy could be a therapeutic option for some ESBL-KP bacteremia, sparing carbapenems and reducing the selection of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Further research is warranted.
Estrogen alleviates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome -mediated pyroptosis
Authors: He Fei , Cheng Jing , Cheng Cheng , Shen Shichun , Li Yutong , Sheng Jianlong , Xu Banglong , Wang Xiaochen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate whether 17β-estrogen (E2) reduces myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome mediated pyroptosis. In vivo, four-weeks-old female C57BL/6 mice underwent ovariectomy (Ovx) before E2 replacement therapy. After the establishment of myocardial I/R injury, plasma E2, LDH and CK-MB were detected, and the myocardial infarction (MI) size, TUNEL immunofluorescence, and the expressions of TXNIP, NLRP3, caspase-1, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), Gasdermin D protein (GSDMD), IL-1β were compared among each group. In vitro, primary mice cardiomyocytes were isolated to create hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model. The cells viability, the release of LDH, TXNIP, IL-18, IL-1β, caspase-1 viability, level of cardiomyocytes death and the expression of TXNIP, NLRP3, caspase1, ASC, IL-1β, GSDMD were compared among each groups. In vivo, E2 replacement therapy significantly reduced infarct size and pyroptosis compared with mice in OVX + I/R group. In addition, E2 replacement could markedly suppressed expressions of pyroptosis related proteins, including TXNIP, NLRP3, cleaved Caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β as well as the pyroptosis executor GSDMD. In vitro, the effects of E2 on cardiomyocytes injury and pyroptosis related proteins were dramatically reversed when co-administrated with estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182780. In addition, NLRP3 inhibitor Bay11-7082 could preserve cell viability, reduce pyroptosis as well as expressions of pyroptosis related proteins. Furthermore, pretreatment with Caspase-1 inhibitor AC-YVAD-CMK could significantly limit cell injury and reduce expressions of pyroptosis related proteins. Our study demonstrated that estrogen alleviate myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting the level of pyroptosis via ER/TXNIP/NLRP3/Caspase-1.
Estimation of elastic properties of sediments utilizing simulated annealing algorithm – a pseudo-wells generation approach
Authors: Khah Nasser Keshavarz Faraj , Salehi Bahare , Kianoush Pooria , Nafisi Farhad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The gas hydrate distribution model containing cement, or un-cement models, considerably affects elastic properties such as shear and bulk modulus. Thus, determining the distribution model in the hydrate-bearing sediments requires decreasing uncertainty in quantitative studies based on seismic velocities. Pre-stack seismic data include additional fluid information than post-stack seismic data, and the pre-stack inversion procedure has influential benefits such as stable outcomes, high resolution, and strong manageability. The amplitude-variation-with-angle (AVA) inversion along the bottom simulating reflector (BSR) utilizing compressional and Shear wave pre-stack analysis could be involved to evaluate hydrate and gas saturations at the pseudo well, especially in accretionary prism structures. It could change unconsolidated sediments' elastic properties and produce sharp bottom simulating. Pseudo-well generation is a title for estimating the elastic parameters of sediments in areas such as deep marine environments where drilled wells are absent (or sparse). This seismic angle-gather inversion problem has complex space and several local and global optimum solutions. In such cases, metaheuristic algorithms are a suitable tool for problem-solving. In this paper, the metaheuristic Simulated Annealing algorithm has been investigated, and the developed optimized algorithm has been presented. In order to analyze the performance of the algorithm, pre-stack seismic data is utilized as a benchmark. The conceptual model of this data includes the elastic parameter logs, which makes it an appropriate option for analyzing the performance and accuracy of the algorithm. According to the results, the generation of pseudo-wells with the algorithm mentioned earlier can be used to characterize hydrates-bearing sediments.
Computational Discovery of Potent Imidazole Derivatives as Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: An Integrated Approach Combining Molecular Dynamics and Binding Affinity Analysis
Authors: Babalola Benjamin , Adegboyega Abayomi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne of the most pressing challenges associated with SARS treatment is the emergence of new variants that may be transmissible, causing more severe disease or being resistant to the current standard of treatment. This study aimed to identify potential drug candidates from newly synthesized imidazole derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro), a crucial drug target for treating viral infection, using a computational approach that integrated molecular docking and dynamics simulation. In this study, we utilized AutoDock Vina within the PyRx workspace for molecular docking analysis to explore the inhibitory effects of the compounds on the Mpro, a drug target for SARS-CoV-2. The ADMET properties of these compounds, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity, were evaluated using the SwissADME and ADMETLab servers. Every one of the 18 compounds that were tested demonstrated strong binding affinities towards Mpro, with Imidazolyl-methanone C10 showing the most significant binding affinity. Moreover, pyridyl imidazole C5, thiophenyl-imidazole C1, and quinoline imidazole C14 displayed binding affinities of -8.3, -8.2, and -7.7 Kcal/mol, respectively. These compounds interacted with specific amino acid residues (HIS A:41 - CYS A:145) within the Mpro protein. To assess the stability of the ligand with the best binding affinity, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were conducted using Schrodinger software, which revealed its stability over the simulation period. The study provides valuable insights into the potential of imidazole derivatives as SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors. All compounds including C10 display promising characteristics and hold potential as a drug candidate for SARS-CoV-2. However, further optimization and experimental validation of these compounds are necessary to advance their development as effective therapeutics against viral infections.