bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Site‐specific trends in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms in Bavaria, Germany
Authors: Grundmann Nina , Voigtländer Sven , Hakimhashemi Amir , Pape Ulrich‐Frank , Meyer Martin , Müller‐Nordhorn Jacqueline 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionNeuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are rare and heterogeneous epithelial tumors, occurring throughout the body. For gastroenteropancreatic (GEP)‐NEN, rising incidence rates were reported for the last decades, with underlying causes remaining largely unexplained. We evaluated NEN trends stratifying by their histologic subtypes.MethodsIncident cases of GEP‐NEN diagnosed between 2005 and 2019 were retrieved from the prospective, population‐based Bavarian Cancer Registry. GEP‐NEN were divided in their histologic subtypes, that is, neuroendocrine tumors (NET) G1, NET G2/G3, other NET versus small‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), large‐cell NEC, and other NEC. We calculated annual age‐standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) per 100,000 persons for the total of GEP‐NEN, NEN histologic subtypes, and tumor sites. We used an annual percentage change (APC) approach including a joinpoint analysis to investigate NEN incidence trends.ResultsASIR of GEP‐NEN rose from 2.2 in 2005 to 4.8 in 2019, characterized by a significant increase until 2012 (APC 2005–2012: 10.1%), followed by modest rise (APC 2012–2019: 1.5%). In the last decade, this increase was mainly driven by the rise of NET G1 and G2/G3, while incidence for NEC declined. Over the study period, ASIR increased significantly for all GEP‐sites except the colon. APCs were largest for the stomach, the appendix, the pancreas, and the rectum.ConclusionsThis study found a significant increase in the incidence of GEP‐NET. Though this development may partially be attributable to the increased use of advanced detection techniques and changes in NEN classification, further research should also focus on the identification of NEN risk factors.
A novel prediction model of the risk of pancreatic cancer among diabetes patients using multiple clinical data and machine learning
Authors: Chen Shih‐Min , Phuc Phan Thanh , Nguyen Phung‐Anh , Burton Whitney , Lin Shwu‐Jiuan , Lin Weei‐Chin , Lu Christine Y. , Hsu Min‐Huei , Cheng Chi‐Tsun , Hsu Jason C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionPancreatic cancer is associated with poor prognosis. Considering the increased global incidence of diabetes cases and that individuals with diabetes are considered a high‐risk subpopulation for pancreatic cancer, it is critical to detect the risk of pancreatic cancer within populations of person living = with diabetes. This study aimed to develop a novel prediction model for pancreatic cancer risk among patients with diabetes, using = a real‐world database containing clinical features and employing numerous artificial intelligent approach algorithms.MethodsThis retrospective observational study analyzed data on patients with Type 2 diabetes from a multisite Taiwanese EMR database between 2009 and 2019. Predictors were selected in accordance with the literature review and clinical perspectives. The prediction models were constructed using machine learning algorithms such as logistic regression, linear discriminant analysis, gradient boosting machine, and random forest.ResultsThe cohort consisted of 66,384 patients. The Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) model generated the highest AUROC of 0.9073, followed by the Voting Ensemble and Gradient Boosting machine models. LDA, the best model, exhibited an accuracy of 84.03%, a sensitivity of 0.8611, and a specificity of 0.8403. The most significant predictors identified for pancreatic cancer risk were glucose, glycated hemoglobin, hyperlipidemia comorbidity, antidiabetic drug use, and lipid‐modifying drug use.ConclusionThis study successfully developed a highly accurate 4‐year risk model for pancreatic cancer in patients with diabetes using real‐world clinical data and multiple machine‐learning algorithms. Potentially, our predictors offer an opportunity to identify pancreatic cancer early and thus increase prevention and invention windows to impact survival in diabetic patients.
Pediatric chance fracture with seatbelt syndrome: A case report
Authors: Hirata Hirohito , Morimoto Tadatsugu , Tsukamoto Masatsugu , Kobayashi Takaomi , Yoshihara Tomohito , Toda Yu , Mawatari Masaaki 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessagePrompt recognition and accurate diagnosis of seatbelt‐related injuries such as Chance fractures are crucial for pediatric patients. Clinicians should be aware of the unique characteristics of children, including the presence of growth plates, and use advanced imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging to guide appropriate treatment and minimize complications.AbstractSeatbelt‐related injuries, known as the “seatbelt syndrome,” encompass various injuries resulting from automobile accidents, including vertebral fractures, abdominal injuries, and great vessel traumas. Seatbelt signs include bruising or peeling of the anterior chest or abdominal wall, indicating abdominal pressure against the seatbelt. Chance fractures are a type of vertebral fracture characterized by fracture lines through multiple vertebral structures and are often associated with seatbelt injuries in adults. However, the unique features of Chance fractures in pediatric patients, such as the presence of growth plates, require a comprehensive diagnostic approach using advanced imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This case report highlights the complexity of seatbelt‐related injuries in children and emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and multidisciplinary management. Understanding these factors can improve clinical knowledge and outcomes in children with seatbelt‐related injuries.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation with Isocyanates Through Weak Coordinating Groups
Authors: Lai Elisa Y. , Yuan Binbin , Ackermann Lutz , Johansson Magnus J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroducing amide functional groups under mild conditions has growing importance owing to the prevalence of such moiety in biologically active molecules. Herein, we disclose a mild protocol for the directed ruthenium‐catalyzed C−H aminocarbonylation with isocyanates as the amidating agents developed through high‐throughput experimentation (HTE). The redox‐neutral and base‐free reaction is guided by weakly Lewis basic functional groups, including anilides, lactams and carbamates to access anthranilamide derivatives. The synthetic utility of this transformation is reflected by large‐scale synthesis and late‐stage functionalization.
Early maladaptive schemas, emotion regulation difficulties and alexithymia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pilkington Pamela D. , Karantzas Gery C. , Faustino Bruno , Pizarro‐Campagna Elizabeth 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundEmotion regulation is an integral part of the schema therapy model. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to synthesize the evidence on the associations between early maladaptive schemas (EMSs), difficulties with emotion regulation and alexithymia.MethodPsycINFO, PubMed and CINAHL Complete databases were searched on 28 May 2022 and 3 February 2023 in compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses. Included studies were in English, in peer‐reviewed journals and reported on the association between one or more of the 18 EMSs or five schema domains and emotion regulation difficulties or alexithymia. Methodological quality was assessed using the Appraisal Tool for Cross‐Sectional Studies. Meta‐analyses were conducted to examine difficulties with emotion regulation and alexithymia as correlates of each EMS and domain.ResultsA total of 19 studies published between 2008 and 2022 were included (Pooled N = 5957). Difficulties with emotion regulation were positively correlated with all 18 EMSs (range: entitlement r(7) = .28, 95% CI [.13, .42] to negativity pessimism r(5) = .53, 95% CI [.23, .74]) and schema domains (range: impaired limits r(5) = .34, 95% CI [.08, .56] to disconnection rejection r(5) = .44, 95% CI [.33, .73]). Alexithymia was positively correlated with the other‐directedness domain (r(2) = .40, 95% CI [.09, .64]) and 16 of the 18 EMSs (range: unrelenting standards r(5) = .21, 95% CI [.12, .28] to emotional inhibition r(5) = .50, 95% CI [.34, .63]).ConclusionsThe findings suggested that almost all 18 EMSs are implicated in emotion regulation difficulties and alexithymia, particularly those relating to unmet needs for attachment and autonomy.
Dental injuries in Swiss soccer supporters: A comparative study of regular fans, ultras, and hooligans for public health strategies
Authors: Schneider Clarissa , Simonek Michelle , Eggmann Florin , Filippi Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesViolence among soccer supporters continues to pose a significant public health concern in many parts of the world. In Switzerland, hooliganism is largely uninvestigated. This study aimed to examine incidents of violence and associated dental injuries among different groups of soccer supporters, as well as assess the impact of intoxicants on their behavior, using survey data from regular fans, ultras, and hooligans in the Swiss Football League.Material and MethodsA cross‐sectional survey using a standardized questionnaire was conducted among distinct factions of soccer supporters in the Swiss Football League in 2022. A total of 165 participants self‐identified as belonging to one of three subgroups: “regular fan,” “ultra,” or “hooligan.” Data were gathered on physical altercations, dental injuries, possession of mouthguards, intoxicant use, and medical assistance. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression models, and significance tests were used for data analysis (α = .05).ResultsHooligans had a higher frequency of dental injuries resulting from fights than ultras and regular fans. Hooligans with 11–20 fights per soccer season had a 9.6 times higher probability of dental trauma than those with 0–5 fights (p = .048). Possession of a mouthguard was associated with a lower risk of dental injuries for hooligans but an increased risk for ultras. Additionally, hooligans were found to differ significantly from other groups in their consumption of amphetamines and cocaine (p < .001).ConclusionsThe study found a strong link between physical altercations and dental injuries among soccer supporters. To promote better prevention, there is a necessity for enhanced educational initiatives facilitated by dentists to amplify the dissemination of mouthguards. Furthermore, it is crucial to raise awareness regarding their proper fitting to minimize the occurrence of combat‐related dental injuries. Health authorities and other stakeholders should take a comprehensive approach to addressing some of the root causes of violent behavior, which include alcohol abuse and illicit substance consumption.
A conceptual review on reconstructive peri‐implantitis therapy: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Chan Hsun‐Liang , Rodriguez Betancourt Amanda , Liu Chun Ching , Chiang Yi‐Chen , Schmidlin Patrick R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe current strategies to reconstruct lost peri‐implant tissues due to the disease have been largely unpredictable. The aim of this conceptual review is to discuss relevant biological and biomechanical challenges of applying reconstructive means to treat peri‐implantitis. Additionally, opportunities to improve treatment predictability are presented.Material and MethodsA narrative review was conducted to fulfill the aim.ResultsThe four interrelated negative conditions hampering effective reconstruction are: inferior tissue perfusion, unfavorable bone topography, ineffective surface treatment, and unstable wound. First, peri‐implant tissues resemble scars with reduced cellularity and vascularity, coupled with the absence of the periodontal ligament plexuses and the avascular implant and biomaterials, maintaining primary closure is a challenge, which is critical for regeneration. Second, defect morphology and bone topography surrounding implants determine the reconstructive potential. Unfortunately, noncontained defects are frequently encountered, with a combination of suprabony (horizontal bone loss) and infrabony (vertical usually involving circumferential bone loss) defects. Third, current attempts for implant surface decontamination are insufficient due to inaccessible macrostructure and rough surfaces in the micro‐scale. Histologic evaluation has shown bacteria aggregation and calcified deposits around implants. Lastly, wound stability is difficult to achieve due to inherent soft tissue biomechanical quality and quantity deficiencies and mobile bone particulates. Opportunities to tackle the abovementioned challenges include the use of novel imaging technologies, such as high‐frequency dental ultrasound and laser speckle imaging to evaluate tissue perfusion, soft tissue quality/quantity, and bone topography pre‐surgically. The use of the operating microscope could allow better visualization and removal of etiologic factors. Strategies to improve soft tissue quality may include preoperative control of soft tissue inflammation and the potential use of biologics. Methods such as fixation to stabilize the biomaterials could be beneficial.ConclusionsA more nuanced understanding of the current challenges and opportunities can lead to more effective preoperative and postoperative care protocols, ultimately improving the success rate of reconstructive procedures.
Evaluation of the effect of nano‐graphene oxide on shear bond strength of conventional and resin‐modified glass ionomer cement
Authors: Ghodrati Parisa , Sharafeddin Farahnaz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesRecently, nano‐graphene oxide (nGO), a material with unique mechanical properties, has been introduced to improve the properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of adding nGO on the shear bond strength (SBS) of conventional (CGIC) and resin‐modified GIC (RMGIC).MethodsSixty intact molars were mounted and their occlusal surface was cut at a depth of 1 mm below the dentinoenamel junction. 1 wt.% and 2 wt.% of nGO (US Research Nanomaterials, Inc.) were added to CGIC and RMGIC (GC Corporation). The samples were randomly divided into six groups (n = 10), including 1: CGIC, 2: CGIC + 1% GO, 3: CGIC + 2% GO, 4: RMGIC, 5: RMGIC + 1% GO, and 6: RMGIC + 2% GO. Plastic molds were placed on the surface of the dentin pretreated with 10% polyacrylic acid (GC Corporation) and filled with prepared cement according to the manufacturer's instruction. After 24 h of storage in an incubator, the SBS test was done by the universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using two‐way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey tests (p < .05).ResultsIn the group of CGIC, mean SBS was significantly lower than all other study groups (p < .001), and groups 5 (RMGIC + 1% GO) and 6 (RMGIC + 2% GO) showed significantly higher values compared to all other study groups (p < .001). However, the difference between groups 2 and 3, as well as the difference between groups 5 and 6, was not significant (p = .999 andp = .994, respectively). RMGI groups had significantly higher SBS than their corresponding CGIC groups.ConclusionsThe addition of 1% and 2% nGO significantly increased the SBS of CGIC and RMGIC to the dentin, which can be considered as a promising point for wider clinical application of this material.
Navigating through the diagnostic minefield of clear cell sarcoma of soft tissue: Lessons from a challenging case with literature review
Authors: Kerkar Aadya , Gupta Parikshaa , Prakash Gaurav , Gupta Nalini , Bal Amanjit , Sachdeva Man Updesh Singh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClear cell sarcoma of soft tissue (CCSST) is a rare soft tissue sarcoma occurring in young adults with a predilection for deep soft tissues of the distal extremities. Its overlapping morphology and immunohistochemical profile pose a diagnostic challenge. Herein, we present a rare case of CCSST with a unique immunohistochemical profile arising in an uncommon location. A 36‐year‐old male presented with a progressively increasing painful swelling in the left supraclavicular region for the last 2 months. Positron emission tomography showed FDG‐avid lesions in the left supraclavicular and scapular regions. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) followed by core needle biopsy was performed. The cytology smears showed predominantly discohesive sheets of polygonal tumor cells with prominent macronucleoli in a vacuolated background. On immunocytochemistry, tumor cells showed positivity for vimentin, HMB45, and S100, confirming the diagnosis of CCSST. Histopathological examination showed sheets of similar tumor cells that were positive for vimentin, HMB45, melan A, CD38, and CD138, representing a potential diagnostic pitfall in the index case. The index report, besides highlighting the characteristic pathologic features of CCSST and its mimics, is unique due to the diffuse positivity of the tumor cells for CD38 and CD138. It is imperative to be aware of this diagnostic pitfall as it may muddle the diagnosis of CCSST.
“Beyond transcription: How post‐transcriptional mechanisms drive neural crestEMT”
Authors: Guzman‐Espinoza Mariann , Kim Minyoung , Ow Cindy , Hutchins Erica J. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe neural crest is a stem cell population that originates from the ectoderm during the initial steps of nervous system development. Neural crest cells delaminate from the neuroepithelium by undergoing a spatiotemporally regulated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) that proceeds in a coordinated wave head‐to‐tail to exit from the neural tube. While much is known about the transcriptional programs and membrane changes that promote EMT, there are additional levels of gene expression control that neural crest cells exert at the level of RNA to control EMT and migration. Yet, the role of post‐transcriptional regulation, and how it drives and contributes to neural crest EMT, is not well understood. In this mini‐review, we explore recent advances in our understanding of the role of post‐transcriptional regulation during neural crest EMT.
Influence of microwave pretreatment on the total phenolics, antioxidant activity, moisture diffusivity, and rehydration rate of dried sweet cherry
Authors: Salehi Fakhreddin , Inanloodoghouz Moein , Ghazvineh Sara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe target of this work was to investigate the influence of microwave pretreatments (at five levels of 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 s) on the total phenolics content, antioxidant potential, mass transfer rate, effective moisture diffusivity (Deff), and rehydration rate of sweet cherries (SC). The drying duration of microwave‐treated SC was shorter than the untreated sample. The average drying time of fresh SC microwaved for 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 s were 220, 205, 190, 175, and 150 min, respectively. The Deff values, total phenolics, and antioxidant capacity of microwave‐treated SC were higher than the untreated sample. In this study, the SC Deff as determined by the second Fick law varied from 8.73 × 10−10 to 1.41 × 10−9 m2/s. The experimental data for the dehydration curves were fitted to different thin‐layer equations, and the Midilli equation using the experimental constants best described the drying rate of SC. As the microwave pretreatment time increased from 0 to 120 s, the total phenolics and antioxidant capacity of dried SC increased from 1491.4 μg Gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry to 2272.1 μg GAE/g dry, and 54.47%–62.59% (p < .05). The microwave pretreatment enhanced the rehydration rate of dried SC. The rehydration percent of dried SC microwaved for 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 s were 127.27%, 136.63%, 136.91%, 137.07%, and 136.72%, respectively.
A review of experimental and clinical studies on the therapeutic effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) on non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease: Focus on oxidative stress and inflammation
Authors: Zamanian Mohammad Yassin , Sadeghi Ivraghi Mehraveh , Khachatryan Lusine G. , Vadiyan Diana E. , Bali Hanie Yavarpour , Golmohammadi Maryam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is frequently linked to metabolic disorders and is prevalent in obese and diabetic patients. The pathophysiology of NAFLD involves multiple factors, including insulin resistance (IR), oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, and genetic predisposition. Recently, there has been an emphasis on the use of herbal remedies with many people around the world resorting to phytonutrients or nutraceuticals for treatment of numerous health challenges in various national healthcare settings. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) parts, such as juice, peel, seed and flower, have high polyphenol content and is well known for its antioxidant capabilities. Pomegranate polyphenols, such as hydrolyzable tannins, anthocyanins, and flavonoids, have high antioxidant capabilities that can help lower the OS and inflammation associated with NAFLD. The study aimed to investigate whether pomegranate parts could attenuate OS, inflammation, and other risk factors associated with NAFLD, and ultimately prevent the development of the disease. The findings of this study revealed that: 1. pomegranate juice contains hypoglycemic qualities that can assist manage blood sugar levels, which is vital for avoiding and treating NAFLD. 2. Polyphenols from pomegranate flowers increase paraoxonase 1 (PON1) mRNA and protein levels in the liver, which can help protect liver enzymes and prevent NAFLD. 3. Punicalagin (PU) is one of the major ellagitannins found in pomegranate, and PU‐enriched pomegranate extract (PE) has been shown to inhibit HFD‐induced hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid deposition in rats. 4. Pomegranate fruit consumption, which is high in antioxidants, can decrease the activity of AST and ALT (markers of liver damage), lower TNF‐α (a marker of inflammation), and improve overall antioxidant capacity in NAFLD patients. Overall, the polyphenols in pomegranate extracts have antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, hypoglycemic, and protective effects on liver enzymes, which can help prevent and manage NAFLD effects on liver enzymes, which can help prevent and manage NAFLD.
Microbial Desalination Cell for Sustainable Water Treatment: A Critical Review
Authors: Aber Soheil , Shi Zhining , Xing Ke , Rameezdeen Raufdeen , Chow Christopher W. K. , Hagare Dharmappa , Jindal Tanu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn view of increasing threats arising from the shortage of fresh water, there is an urgent need to propose sustainable technologies for the exploitation of unconventional water sources. As a derivative of microbial fuel cells (MFCs), microbial desalination cell (MDC) has the potential of desalinating saline/brackish water while simultaneously generating electricity, as well as treating wastewater. Therefore, it is worth investigating its practicability as a potential sustainable desalination technology. This review article first introduces the fundamentals and annual trends of MDCs. The desalination of diverse types of solutions using MDCs along with their life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) and economic analysis is studied later. Finally, limitations and areas for improvement, prospects, and potential applications of this technology are discussed. Due to the great advantages of MDCs, improving their design, building materials, efficiency, and throughput will offer them as a significant alternative to the current desalination technologies.