bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parenting Pain Away: Development and usability testing of an educational website about infant procedural pain management
Authors: Hughes B. , Martin‐Misener R. , Latimer M. , Smit M. , McGrath P. , Campbell‐Yeo M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAll newborns undergo minor painful procedures (e.g., injections). Despite strong evidence supporting parents' efficacy to reduce procedural pain (e.g., breastfeeding), parents remain an underutilized resource. Limited evidence‐based resources about infant procedural pain management targeting parents in the perinatal period exist. We co‐created Parenting Pain Away, a website to enhance parents' access to information and participation in procedural pain management following birth. This study aimed to conduct iterative usability testing with the perinatal population to refine Parenting Pain Away based on target users' identified needs and satisfaction. In 2020, parents of healthy newborns or expectant parents from an Atlantic Canadian province, participated in two iterative cycles of usability testing of Parenting Pain Away. Through recorded interviews, participants were directed to use the “Think Aloud” approach (e.g., verbalize what they see, think, feel) as they navigated through the website. Participants completed online questionnaires related to demographics and user satisfaction, measured by the Post Study System Usability Questionnaire (PSSUQ). Descriptive statistics and content analysis were conducted to analyze the data. In total, there were 10 participants with an average age of 29.9 years (SD = 3.9). Participants identified as mothers (n = 7) or fathers (n = 3) and were expecting (n = 6) or had a newborn (n = 4). The PSSUQ overall scores were 1.84 (SD = 0.55) and 1.34 (SD = 0.49) in Cycles 1 and 2, respectively, indicating high user satisfaction on the 7‐point scale. When comparing between the two cycles, the average overall score was lower in Cycle 2, suggesting improved satisfaction. Participants provided positive feedback about the website and suggested major refinements to simplify content and site navigation. Findings from usability testing cycles were used to inform refinements of the Parenting Pain Away in response to participant satisfaction and feedback. Engaging target users in the development process enhanced this website in preparation for further effectiveness testing.
Binding by calmodulin is coupled to transient unfolding of the third FF domain of Prp40A
Authors: Díaz Casas A. , Cordoba J. J. , Ferrer B. J. , Balakrishnan S. , Wurm J. E. , Pastrana‐Ríos B. , Chazin W. J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHuman pre‐mRNA processing protein 40 homolog A (hPrp40A) is a splicing factor that interacts with the Huntington's disease protein huntingtin (Htt). Evidence has accumulated that both Htt and hPrp40A are modulated by the intracellular Ca2+ sensor calmodulin (CaM). Here we report characterization of the interaction of human CM with the third FF domain (FF3) of hPrp40A using calorimetric, fluorescence and structural approaches. Homology modeling, differential scanning calorimetry and small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) data show FF3 forms a folded globular domain. CaM was found to bind FF3 in a Ca2+‐dependent manner with a 1:1 stoichiometry and a dissociation constant (Kd) of 25 ± 3 μM at 25°C. NMR studies showed that both domains of CaM are engaged in binding and SAXS analysis of the FF3‐CaM complex revealed CaM occupies an extended configuration. Analysis of the FF3 sequence showed that the anchors for CaM binding must be buried in its hydrophobic core, suggesting that binding to CaM requires unfolding of FF3. Trp anchors were proposed based on sequence analysis and confirmed by intrinsic Trp fluorescence of FF3 upon binding of CaM and substantial reductions in affinity for Trp‐Ala FF3 mutants. The consensus model of the complex showed that binding to CaM binding occurs to an extended, non‐globular state of the FF3, consistent with coupling to transient unfolding of the domain. The implications of these results are discussed in the context of the complex interplay of Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ sensor proteins in modulating Prp40A‐Htt function.
Reframing prosegment‐dependent folding and limits on natural protein folding landscapes from an evolutionary perspective
Authors: Sanders Andrew D. , Dee Derek R. , Yada Rickey Y. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this perspective, we propose that the folding energy landscapes of model proteases including pepsin and alpha‐lytic protease (αLP), which lack thermodynamic stability and fold on the order of months to millennia, respectively, should be viewed as not evolved and fundamentally distinct from their extended zymogen forms. These proteases have evolved to fold with prosegment domains and robustly self‐assemble as expected. In this manner, general protein folding principles are strengthened. In support of our view, αLP and pepsin exhibit hallmarks of frustration associated with unevolved folding landscapes, such as non‐cooperativity, memory effects, and substantial kinetic trapping. The evolutionary implications of this folding strategy are considered in detail. Direct applications of this folding strategy on enzyme design, finding new drug targets, and constructing tunable folding landscapes are also discussed. Together with certain proteases, growing examples of other folding “exceptions”—including protein fold switching, functional misfolding, and prevalent inability to refold—suggests a paradigm shift in which proteins may evolve to exist in a wide range of energy landscapes and structures traditionally thought to be avoided in nature.
Synergism of amlodipine and telmisartan or candesartan on blood pressure reduction by using SynergyFinder 3.0 and probability sum test in vivo
Authors: Xia Tian , Xu Lu‐Lu , Guo Peng‐Yue , Shi Wan‐Ting , Cheng Yan‐Qiong , Liu Ai‐Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study was designed to evaluate the synergism of two couples of antihypertensive drugs (amlodipine + telmisartan and amlodipine + candesartan) on blood pressure reduction in vivo by both SynergyFinder 3.0 and probability sum test. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with intragastric administration of amlodipine (0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg), telmisartan (4, 8, and 16 mg/kg), candesartan (1, 2, and 4 mg/kg), nine combinations for amlodipine and telmisartan, and nine combinations for amlodipine and candesartan. The control rats were treated by 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose sodium. Blood pressure was recorded continuously up to 6 h after administration. Both SynergyFinder 3.0 and the probability sum test were used to evaluate the synergistic action. The synergisms calculated by SynergyFinder 3.0 are consistent with the probability sum test both in two different combinations. There is an obviously synergistic interaction between amlodipine and telmisartan or candesartan. The combinations of amlodipine and telmisartan (2 + 4 and 1 + 4 mg/kg) and amlodipine and candesartan (0.5 + 4 and 2 + 1 mg/kg) might exert an optimum synergism against hypertension. Compared with the probability sum test, SynergyFinder 3.0 is more stable and reliable to analyze the synergism.
Four pillars are required to support a successful biocontrol fungus
Authors: Gressel Jonathan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite biocontrol conceptually being a useful way to control specific pests, there are very few products that are used beyond the glasshouse level, into the field. Only if organisms meet four criteria (four pillars) will they be widely used in the field to replace or augment conventional agrichemicals. (i) The virulence of the biocontrol agent must be enhanced to overcome evolutionary barriers either by mixing with synergistic chemicals or with one or more organisms, and/or by mutagenic or transgenic enhancing of virulence of the biocontrol fungus. (ii) Inoculum production must be cost‐effective; many inocula are produced by expensive, labour‐intensive solid‐phase fermentation. (iii) Inocula must be formulated both to have long shelf life of inocula as well as being formulated to establish on, and control the target pest. Usually spores are formulated, while chopped mycelia from liquid culture are cheaper to produce and are immediately active upon application. (iv) After fulfilling these three criteria, the product must be biosafe: not produce mammalian toxins that affect users and consumers, and have a host range that does not include crops and beneficial organisms, and in most cases that it will not spread from application sites or have environmental residues beyond those needed to control the target pest. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Danggui Buxue Tang potentiates the cytotoxicity of 5‐fluorouracil on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells: A signaling mediated by c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase
Authors: Gong Guowei , Zheng Yuzhong , Ganesan Kumar , Xiong Qingping , Tsim Karl Wah Keung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDanggui Buxue Tang (DBT) is a well‐known Chinese herbal recipe often prescribed in clinical treatment for menopausal and cardiovascular symptoms. 5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is a chemotherapy drug that treats several cancers; however, it causes severe adverse effects and multidrug resistance. Combining natural medications can reduce the side effects of 5‐FU use. Hence, we aimed to determine the role of DBT in strengthening the anticancer capabilities of 5‐FU in a cultured colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT‐29 cell) and xenograft nude mice. HT‐29 cells cultured with DBT did not exhibit cytotoxicity. However, co‐administration of DBT with 5‐FU significantly increased apoptosis and the expression of apoptotic markers. The inhibition of proliferation induced by DBT and 5‐FU was shown to be mediated by c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase signaling. In addition, the potentiation effect of 5‐FU and DBT was demonstrated in reducing tumor size, expressions of Ki67 and CD34 in HT‐29 xenograft mice. This finding suggests that DBT can work with 5‐FU as a novel chemotherapeutic strategy for treating colon cancer.
A Grain Orientation‐Independent Single‐Step Saw Damage Gettering/Wet texturing Process for Efficient Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Jung Yujin , Min Kwan Hong , Post Regina , Kwapil Wolfram , Schubert Martin C. , Kim Donghwan , Kang Yoonmook , Lee Hae‐Seok 
Published: February 2023

AbstractImproving electrical and optical properties is important in manufacturing high‐efficiency solar cells. Previous studies focused on individual gettering and texturing methods to improve solar cell material quality and reduce reflection loss, respectively. This study presents a novel method called saw damage gettering with texturing that effectively combines both methods for multicrystalline silicon (mc‐Si) wafers manufactured using the diamond wire sawing (DWS) method. Although mc‐Si is not the Si material currently used in photovoltaic products, the applicability of this method using the mc‐Si wafers as it contains all grain orientations is demonstrated. It utilizes saw damage sites on the wafer surfaces for gettering metal impurities during annealing. Additionally, it can crystallize amorphous silicon on wafer surfaces generated during the sawing process to allow conventional acid‐based wet texturing. This texturing method and annealing for 10 min allow for the removal of metal impurities and effectively forms a textured DWS Si wafer. The results show that the open‐circuit voltage (ΔVoc = +29 mV), short‐circuit current density (ΔJsc = +2.5 mA cm−2), and efficiency (Δη = +2.1%) improved in the p‐type passivated emitter and rear cells (p‐PERC) manufactured using this novel method, as compared to those in the reference solar cells.
Precise Hue Control in a Single‐Component White‐Light Emitting Perovskite Cs2SnCl6 through Defect Engineering Based on La3+ Doping
Authors: Zhu Hong , Pan Yuexiao , Peng Chengdong , Ding Yihong , Lian Hongzhou , Lin Jun , Li Liyi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle‐component white light emitters based on the all‐inorganic perovskites will act as outstanding candidates for applications in solid‐state lighting thanks to their abundant energy states for self‐trapped excitons (STE) with ultra‐high photoluminescence (PL) efficiency. Here, a complementary white light is realized by dual STEs emissions with blue and yellow colors in a single‐component perovskite Cs2SnCl6:La3+ microcrystal (MC). The dual emission bands centered at 450 and 560 nm are attributed to the intrinsic STE1 emission in host lattice Cs2SnCl6 and the STE2 emission induced by the heterovalent La3+ doping, respectively. The hue of the white light can be tunable through energy transfer between the two STEs, the variation of excitation wavelength, and the Sn4+/Cs+ ratios in starting materials. The effects of the doping heterovalent La3+ ions on the electronic structure and photophysical properties of the Cs2SnCl6 crystals and the created impurity point defect states are investigated by the chemical potentials calculated using density functional theory (DFT) and confirmed by the experimental results. These results provide a facile approach to gaining novel single‐component white light emitter and offer fundamental insights into the defect chemistry in the heterovalent ions doped perovskite luminescent crystals.
Upregulation of SLITRK5 in patients with epilepsy and in a rat model
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhang Linming , Ai Mingda , Xia Di , Chen Hongyu , Pang Ruijing , Mei Rong , Zhong Lianmei , Chen Ling 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSLIT and NTRK‐like protein‐5 (SLITRK5) is one of the six members of SLITRK protein family, which is widely expressed in central nervous system (CNS). In brain, SLITRK5 plays important roles in neurite outgrowth, dendritic branching, neuron differentiation, synaptogenesis, and signal transmission of neurons. Epilepsy is a common, chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent spontaneous seizures. The pathophysiological mechanism of epilepsy remains unclear. Neuronal apoptosis, abnormal nerve excitatory transmission, and synaptic remodeling are thought to be involved in the development of epilepsy. To explore whether there is a potential relationship between SLITRK5 and epilepsy, we investigated the expression and distribution of SLITRK5 in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and a rat model of epilepsy. We collected cerebral cortex samples from patients with drug‐refractory temporal lobe epilepsy, and a rat model of epilepsy induced by lithium chloride/pilocarpine was established. The ways of immunohistochemistry, double‐immunofluorescence labeling and western blot have been used in our study to research the expression and distribution of SLITRK5 in the temporal lobe epilepsy patients and epilepsy animal model. All of the results have shown that SLITRK5 is mainly localized in the cell cytoplasm of neurons both in patients with TLE and in epilepsy model. In addition, compared with nonepileptic controls, the expression of SLITRK5 was upregulated in the temporal neocortex of TLE patients. And both in the temporal neocortex and hippocampus of pilocarpine‐induced epilepsy rats, the expression of SLITRK5 was increased at 24 h after status epilepticus (SE), with a relatively high level within 30 days, and reached the peak on the 7th day after SE. Our preliminary results revealed that SLITRK5 may have a potential relationship with epilepsy, which may be a foundation for the further study of the underlying mechanism between SLITRK5 and epilepsy and the therapeutic targets of antiepileptic drugs.
Infrastructural injustices in community‐driven afterschoolSTEAM
Authors: Shea Molly V. , Jurow A. Susan , Schiffer Jovita , Escudé Meg , Torres Aurora 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article offers a qualitative analysis of infrastructural in/justice in a community‐partnered design intervention focused on developing high‐tech low‐cost Science, Technology, Engineering, Art, and Math (STEAM) projects. We examined the kinds of infrastructural injustices that were present in three afterschool programs and how it shaped STEAM education designs and opportunities for learning with technology to take hold. Combining insights and methods from studies of science and technology with Critical Race Theory, we developed the concept of infrastructural in/justice to illuminate the challenges of organizing STEAM for justice. Infrastructural injustices were identified at the level of dominant narratives that shaped the ideas, resources, and values that undergirded programming and pedagogical practices. We found that community educators were central to creating more just STEAM infrastructures. They drew out unjust infrastructural narratives, created counternarratives that allowed young people of color space to expand their technology and STEAM practices, and connected these practices to their everyday lives, identities, and emerging interests. We detail how working‐class community educators of color are dreaming and enacting new ways to engage with STEAM and STEAM education alongside young people. As we have shown, their ideas and practices combined with the young people's visions for the future challenged neoliberal and racialized narratives of STEAM. Despite community educators' of color critical expertise, their jobs remained precarious within informal STEAM infrastructures. To design for and sustain more just community‐driven STEAM activities we argue that the field must attend not only to how the work of infrastructuring to how community‐driven STEAM is done but also by whom. These activities, organized by community educators of color, must be valued and protected through the classification systems within informal STEAM infrastructures in order to design and sustain more just community‐driven STEAM initiatives.
RNA epigenetic modifications in ovarian cancer: The changes, chances, and challenges
Authors: Ye Lele , Yao Xuyang , Xu Binbing , Chen Wenwen , Lou Han , Tong Xinya , Fang Su , Zou Ruanmin , Hu Yingying , Wang Zhibin , Xiang Dan , Lin Qiaoai , Feng Shiyu , Xue Xiangyang , Guo Gangqiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOvarian cancer (OC) is the most common female cancer worldwide. Patients with OC have high mortality because of its complex and poorly understood pathogenesis. RNA epigenetic modifications, such as m6A, m1A, and m5C, are closely associated with the occurrence and development of OC. RNA modifications can affect the stability of mRNA transcripts, nuclear export of RNAs, translation efficiency, and decoding accuracy. However, there are few overviews that summarize the link between m6A RNA modification and OC. Here, we discuss the molecular and cellular functions of different RNA modifications and how their regulation contributes to the pathogenesis of OC. By improving our understanding of the role of RNA modifications in the etiology of OC, we provide new perspectives for their use in OC diagnosis and treatment.This article is categorized under:
RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
Recommendation Uncertainty in Implicit Feedback Recommender Systems
Authors: Coscrato Victor , Bridge Derek 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA Recommender System’s recommendations will each carry a certain level of uncertainty. The quantification of this uncertainty can be useful in a variety of ways. Estimates of uncertainty might be used externally; for example, showing them to the user to increase user trust in the abilities of the system. They may also be used internally; for example, deciding the balance of ‘safe’ and less safe recommendations. In this work, we explore several methods for estimating uncertainty. The novelty comes from proposing methods that work in the implicit feedback setting. We use experiments on two datasets to compare a number of recommendation algorithms that are modified to perform uncertainty estimation. In our experiments, we show that some of these modified algorithms are less accurate than their unmodified counterparts, but others are actually more accurate. We also show which of these methods are best at enabling the recommender to be ‘aware’ of which of its recommendations are likely to be correct and which are likely to be wrong.
Personalised Filter Bias with Google and DuckDuckGo: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Akbar Awais , Caton Simon , Bierig Ralf 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPersonalisation in search has improved performance, focus, and user experience to a great extent, however, it also arguably polarises informational perspectives. This paper seeks to illustrate an experimental methodology to quantify how three situational user variables affect personalisation across two search engines: Google and DuckDuckGo. We find that the presence of cookies and prior search history markedly affect the first page of search results on both platforms, but that prior (shallow) browsing history has no observable effect. We also find that there is very little in common between the results of both search engines. We argue that these results advocate more consideration of how personalisation fosters filter biases.
Wandel von Protestpartizipation im Zuge der Digitalisierung
Authors: Villioth Lisa 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungProtest ist vielfältig, spielt sich in unterschiedlichen Räumen ab und deckt eine ganze Bandbreite an Formen, Aufwand und Motivationen ab. Im folgenden Kapitel sollen zentrale Begriffe dieser Arbeit geklärt werden und eine Zusammenfassung des Forschungsstandes zu Protestpartizipation erfolgen. Nach der Definition der Begriffe Protest, Soziale Bewegung, Internet, Social Media und Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), werden verschiedene Protesträume mit ihren Eigenschaften und Bedeutungen beschrieben: Straße, Massenmedien, Internet und hybride Protesträume. Darauf aufbauend folgt eine Vorstellung von Hybrid-Organisationen und der Strategie des Grassroots-Campaigning, bevor sich der letzte Teil dieses Kapitels dann explizit mit gegenwärtigen Trends in der Protestpartizipation befasst. Hier werden Eigenschaften und gesellschaftliche Konsequenzen von netzbasierter Kommunikation, Social Media und neuen ICTs erläutert und die Kritik des Clicktivism vorgestellt. In Konsequenz ergeben sich im Bereich des zivilgesellschaftlichen Engagements Tendenzen der Niedrigschwelligkeit, Individualisierung, Personalisierung und Kreativität.
Voraussetzungen und Motive für Protestpartizipation in der Umweltschutz-Bewegung – Empirische Befunde
Authors: Villioth Lisa 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungBei der Betrachtung der Motive für Partizipation in der Umweltschutz-Bewegung auf der Individualebene einzelner Bürger*innen spielt eine Vielzahl von Komponenten eine wichtige Rolle. Um zu verstehen, welche Voraussetzungen erfüllt sein müssen, dass sich Individuen zivilgesellschaftlich engagieren, müssen insb. die Ressourcen dieser Personen berücksichtig werden. Zeit, Geld, Bildung, Netzwerke und auch Fähigkeiten zu kommunizieren und organisieren, zählen zu diesen Ressourcen. Darüber hinaus spielt aber auch ihr Bürgerschaftsverständnis eine wichtige Rolle. Ist es die Pflicht eines jeden, sich über Wahlen auf Bundes-, Landes- und Lokalebene hinaus zivilgesellschaftlich zu engagieren? Bedeutet Demokratie ‚von unten‘ mitzugestalten? Auch Emotionen und Affekte beeinflussen die Wahrscheinlichkeit für Partizipation. Wie Bürger*innen aufgewachsen sind und von ihrem Umfeld geprägt wurden, ist ein ebenso wichtiger Faktor wie konkrete Schlüsselmomente und Erfahrungen, die in der Vergangenheit gemacht wurden und das zivilgesellschaftliche Engagement bis heute motivieren.