bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Free boundary value problem for a model of inviscid liquid‐gas two‐phase flow with radial symmetry
Authors: Dong Jianwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we are concerned with the free boundary value problem for a model of inviscid liquid‐gas two‐phase flow with radial symmetry. For simplicity, we assume that the gas velocity is always equal to the liquid one and the gas and liquid are both connected continuously to the outer vacuum through the same free boundary. First, we constructed two classes of global analytical solutions by using a self‐similar ansatz. Second, for the general free boundary value problem of this model, we show that the free boundary separating the two‐phase flow from vacuum will spread outward at least linearly in time, provided that the two‐phase fluids motion remains smooth and the initial flow moves outward on average to the vacuum. Third, we present a sufficient condition for the blowup of smooth solutions to the problem.
Learning When to Treat Business Processes: Prescriptive Process Monitoring with Causal Inference and Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Bozorgi Zahra Dasht , Dumas Marlon , Rosa Marcello La , Polyvyanyy Artem , Shoush Mahmoud , Teinemaa Irene 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIncreasing the success rate of a process, i.e. the percentage of cases that end in a positive outcome, is a recurrent process improvement goal. At runtime, there are often certain actions (a.k.a. treatments) that workers may execute to lift the probability that a case ends in a positive outcome. For example, in a loan origination process, a possible treatment is to issue multiple loan offers to increase the probability that the customer takes a loan. Each treatment has a cost. Thus, when defining policies for prescribing treatments to cases, managers need to consider the net gain of the treatments. Also, the effect of a treatment varies over time: treating a case earlier may be more effective than later in a case. This paper presents a prescriptive monitoring method that automates this decision-making task. The method combines causal inference and reinforcement learning to learn treatment policies that maximize the net gain. The method leverages a conformal prediction technique to speed up the convergence of the reinforcement learning mechanism by separating cases that are likely to end up in a positive or negative outcome, from uncertain cases. An evaluation on two real-life datasets shows that the proposed method outperforms a state-of-the-art baseline.
Zur Aufgabe der Führung in Digitalisierungsprojekten
Authors: Baecker Dirk , Leske Michael , Lieckweg Tania 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag macht den Versuch, die komplexen Zusammenhänge von Führungsaufgaben in Organisationen, die sich mit Digitalisierungsprojekten beschäftigen, in der Sprache einfacher funktionaler Abhängigkeiten zu formalisieren und so übersichtlicher darzustellen, als es die Umgangssprache und die wissenschaftlichen Fachsprachen vermögen. Digitalisierungsprojekte werden als als Veränderungen des Zustands eines Betriebs betrachtet. Der Vorteil dieser mathematischen Darstellung liegt darin, dass man auf einen Blick sieht, dass in der Identität der Variablen die erste Täuschung liegt, mit der es die Führung zu tun bekommt. Es stellt sich heraus, dass die Aufgaben der Führung in einem dreistufigen Integrationsprozess zwischen betrieblichen Prozessen, personellen Kompetenzen und Wertschöpfung bestehen, über die jeweils eine Verständigung erreicht werden muss. Wir erläutern, warum die triviale Einsicht, dass Kommunikation das A&O von Führung ist, auf alles andere als triviale Probleme aufmerksam macht.
Aus analog wird digital? Der technische und der soziologische Blick auf die Digitalisierung der Produktion im Mittelstand
Authors: Locher Maximilian 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDer technische Blick auf die Digitalisierung fokussiert die weitere Technisierung von Abläufen in der Produktion, dieses Mal auf der Basis elektronischer Medien. Der Schritt von relativ analogen Verhältnissen wie beispielsweise mündlichen Absprachen und schriftlich weitergegebenen Produktionsinformationen in digitale Verhältnisse hat dementsprechend ein vermeintlich einfaches Ziel: Die Produktion soll weiterhin möglichst störungsfrei funktionieren, nun aber mit zusätzlichen Gewinnen hinsichtlich der Produktivität. Der Beitrag skizziert den soziologischen Blick auf Digitalisierung und benennt Erfolgsfaktoren der Digitalisierung im Mittelstand.
Technik im Datenraum
Authors: Baecker Dirk 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Man kann Fragen der digitalen Medien, des Maschinenlernens und der Künstlichen Intelligenz nicht diskutieren, ohne irgendwann auf die Frage zu stoßen, welchen Grad von Autonomie und Intelligenz die Maschinen bereits erreicht haben. Man kann die Veränderung kommunikativer Dynamiken in Organisation und Gesellschaft nicht diskutieren, ohne irgendwann auf die Frage zu stoßen, ob die Maschinen ein bloßes, wenn auch dynamisches Werkzeug dieser Kommunikation sind oder sich mit eigenen Intentionen, einem eigenen Gedächtnis und eigenen Relevanzen an dieser Kommunikation beteiligen. Müssen wir damit rechnen, dass mit elektronischen Medien und digitalen Apparaten Intelligenzen entstehen, die die menschliche Gesellschaft beobachten und mit ihr zu interagieren versuchen oder auch nur eigene Absichten verfolgen, um ihr Überleben auf diesem gefährdeten Planeten zu sichern? Der Beitrag kann diese Fragen nicht beantworten. Er beschränkt sich darauf, im Anschluss an die Kybernetik ein Kriterium anzugeben, das es erlaubt, die Entwicklung im Auge zu behalten. Dieses Kriterium unterscheidet zwischen einer trivialen und einer nicht-trivialen Technik. Intelligente Maschinen müssten gemäß diesem Kriterium auf einer nicht-trivialen Technik beruhen. Es ist die These des Beitrags, dass elektronische Medien und digitale Apparate und Programme bis auf Weiteres in einem präzisen Sinne als trivial anzusehen sind. Der Datenraum der Technik ist alles andere als homogen. Der Eindruck der Nicht-Trivialität, der zuweilen entsteht, verdankt sich nicht der Technik selbst, sondern ihrer Einbettung in eine nicht-triviale Gesellschaft. Der Beitrag plädiert im Anschluss an die Techniksoziologie dafür, den Referenzrahmen der Beobachtung und Diskussion neuer Technologien um den Faktor der Gesellschaft zu erweitern.
Digitalisierung als Kalkül
Authors: Baecker Dirk 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungBeim Design digitaler Medien spielen Wahrnehmung, Bewusstsein, Kommunikation, Organisation und Technik gleichermaßen eine Rolle. Es lohnt sich, die zugrundeliegenden Systemreferenzen zu unterscheiden. Der Artikel stellt zunächst dem eingeschränkten umgangssprachlichen Verständnis von Digitalisierung einen theoretisch kontrollierten Begriff gegenüber, fasst digitale Medien als besonderen Fall einer strukturellen Kopplung zwischen den angesprochenen Systemreferenzen und beschreibt ein Kalkül der differentiellen Integration dieser Systeme im Medium ihrer wechselseitigen Plastizität. Die hier vorgelegte Theorieperspektive macht gängige Designpraktiken explizit und ermöglicht damit Lerneffekte sowie eine strategische und bei Bedarf ethische Kontrolle der beteiligten Systemreferenzen.
Zur Methode der Schnittstellenanalyse aus der Sicht der partizipativen Anwendungsforschung
Authors: Thomas Martina , Locher Maximilian 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungUm unseren Begleitforschungsansatz vorzustellen, wird in diesem Beitrag unsere vom Gedanken der soziologischen Aufklärung inspirierte Forschungsperspektive skizziert. Daran anschließend wird der Ansatz am Beispiel des im Projekt entwickelten Instruments der Schnittstellenanalyse anwendungsorientiert veranschaulicht und schließlich als Forschungsdesign in methodischer Hinsicht erörtert.
Digitalisierung in produzierenden KMU kompetenzsensibel gestalten: Ein Leitfaden zur lernförderlichen Schnittstellengestaltung
Authors: Elsholz Uwe , Thomas Martina 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag plädiert dafür, bei der Umsetzung betrieblicher Digitalisierungsvorhaben deren lernförderliche Ausgestaltung im Blick zu behalten, um gleichermaßen Lernchancen für Unternehmen und Mitarbeiter:innen zu realisieren. Dazu wird ein Vorgehen vorgeschlagen, zu dem im ersten, eher praxisorientierten Abschnitt, Anregungen in Form eines Leitfadens gegeben werden. Dem Leitfaden liegen empirische Erkenntnisse aus der Begleitung des Projekts KILPaD zugrunde, die auf wissenschaftliche Modelle und weitere Forschungsergebnisse bezogen und zu einem Rahmenmodell verdichtet wurden. Dessen Entstehung wird im zweiten Teil des Beitrags erörtert
Wie kann Digitalisierung erfolgreich gelingen? Über Strukturen der Prozessdigitalisierung
Authors: Kiesow Marie Christin 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag berichtet von der Arbeit der internen Softwareentwicklungsabteilung bei XENON. Diese Abteilung hat eigene Windows-Anwendungen sowie Schnittstellen entwickelt und unterstützt die Fachabteilungen bei der Optimierung ihrer Geschäftsprozesse. Mit über 10 Jahren Erfahrung in der Programmierung von .NET-Anwendungen und in der Datenbankprogrammierung mit Microsoft SQL-Server kann auf ein breites Repertoire technischer Möglichkeiten zurückgegriffen werden. Im Rahmen des KILPaD Förderprojektes haben wir uns daher unter anderem darauf fokussiert, durch Digitalisierung und Automatisierung von Prozessen, die Mitarbeiter und XENON bei der Erledigung von (Standard-)Aufgaben zu unterstützen.
Use of the iliac-outlet and iliac-inlet combined views in percutaneous posterior column retrograde screw fixation
Authors: Cattaneo Stefano , Galante Claudio , Biancardi Elena , Domenicucci Marco , Paderno Marco , Pianelli Antonio , Milano Giuseppe , Casiraghi Alessandro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPosterior column fractures are common acetabular injuries. Although displaced fractures require open reduction and fixation, undisplaced patterns may benefit from percutaneous screw fixation. The combination of iliac oblique with inlet and outlet views offers an intuitive and panoramic rendering of the bony corridor into the posterior column; lateral cross table view completes the sequence of fluoroscopic projections. Herein we describe the use of outlet/inlet iliac views and a detailed procedure for percutaneous retrograde posterior column screw fixation.
Shedding light on the calculation of electrode electroactive area and heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants at graphite screen-printed electrodes
Authors: Trachioti Maria G. , Lazanas Alexandros Ch. , Prodromidis Mamas I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present in detail the most known
and commonly used methods for the calculation of electrode electroactive area ($$A$$
A
) and heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants ($${k}^{0}$$

k

0

). The correct procedure for the calculation of these parameters is often disregarded due to either lack of a minimum theoretical background or oversimplification of each method’s limitations and prerequisites. The aim of this work is to provide the theoretical background as well as a detailed guide for the implementation of these measurements by impressing upon the electrochemists the parameters that need to be considered so that the obtained results are safe and useful. Using graphite screen-printed electrodes, $$A$$
A
, and $${k}^{0}$$

k

0

were calculated with different methods and techniques. Data are compared and discussed.
Graphical Abstract
On maximal function of discrete rough truncated Hilbert transforms
Authors: Paluszyński Maciej , Zienkiewicz Jacek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe prove the weak type (1,1) estimate for maximal function of the truncated rough Hilbert transform considered in Paluszy’nski (ASNSCS 910:679-704, 2019), Paluszy’nski (CM 164(2):305-325, 2021).
Relationship of frailty status with health resource use and healthcare costs in the population aged 65 and over in Catalonia
Authors: Lavado Àngel , Serra-Colomer Júlia , Serra-Prat Mateu , Burdoy Emili , Cabré Mateu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Frailty is a geriatric syndrome with repercussions on health, disability, and dependency.

Objectives
To assess health resource use and costs attributable to frailty in the aged population.

Methods
A population-based observational longitudinal study was performed, with follow-up from January 2018 to December 2019. Data were obtained retrospectively from computerized primary care and hospital medical records. The study population included all inhabitants aged ≥ 65 years ascribed to 3 primary care centres in Barcelona (Spain). Frailty status was established according to the Electronic Screening Index of Frailty. Health costs considered were hospitalizations, emergency visits, outpatient visits, day hospital sessions, and primary care visits. Cost analysis was performed from a public health financing perspective.

Results
For 9315 included subjects (age 75.4 years, 56% women), frailty prevalence was 12.3%. Mean (SD) healthcare cost in the study period was €1420.19 for robust subjects, €2845.51 for pre-frail subjects, €4200.05 for frail subjects, and €5610.73 for very frail subjects. Independently of age and sex, frailty implies an additional healthcare cost of €1171 per person and year, i.e., 2.25-fold greater for frail compared to non-frail.

Conclusions
Our findings underline the economic relevance of frailty in the aged population, with healthcare spending increasing as frailty increases.
Knowledge is of no value unless to be shared. A synthesis of knowledge-sharing drivers in born-globals
Authors: Rezaei Mojtaba , Sadraei Razieh , Jafari-Sadeghi Vahid , Vrontis Demetris 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, technological advancements have enabled born-global firms to build on their knowledge-based resources and more effectively contribute to the international economy. Hence, knowledge management practices have become crucial capabilities of born-global firms. Therefore, this paper strives to develop and validate drivers and indicators that impact such firms’ knowledge sharing. In doing so, we focus on the born-globals originating from the context of Australia and take advantage of exploratory analysis in two complementary studies. Accordingly, using a Delphi analysis, we first employ a panel of experts consisting of founders and owners of born-global firms to explore key knowledge-sharing (KS) drivers. Subsequently, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM) will validate the identified drivers. In this regard, the results of the three-round Delphi analysis led to the identification of the 12 KS drivers in three categories of individual, technological and organisational dimensions. Also, the validation phase (CFA synthesis) ended with the retention of 36 items for the 12 drivers. Accordingly, this research reveals significant findings that contribute to enriching the prior KS studies in born-global firms. For instance, we highlight that in born-global firms, individuals are more likely to share their knowledge with those who are more reliable and trustworthy. Overall, we highlight how effective KS drivers can influence born globals features.
“I Ran to Make a Point”: Predicting and Preventing Youth Runaway from Foster Care
Authors: Byers Kaela , Barton Jared , Grube Whitney , Wesley Jessica , Akin Becci A. , Hermesch Emily , Felzke Erin , Roosevelt Rachelle 
Published: June 2023

AbstractYouth who run away from foster care experience danger to health and safety and increased risk of adverse child welfare outcomes. By applying a concurrent mixed-methods approach, this study aimed to develop a deeper understanding of runaway risk that used a person-centered lens and amplified youth voices. Collectively, this approach can inform service innovations to support youth placed in out-of-home care. Working with a foster care agency in Kansas, data sources comprised administrative data for youth ages 12 + in care, and interview data with 20 youth, 12 + in care. Quantitative analyses involved latent class analysis followed by multinomial logistic regression to investigate whether the population of youth in care was comprised of subpopulations with differential runaway risk and whether subpopulations would predict runaway behaviors. Qualitative analyses applied modified analytic inductive thematic analysis to explore critical life experiences that may act as risk or protective factors of running away from care. Results revealed four sub-populations which were characterized by their previous family and system experiences. Additionally, class membership, gender, number of siblings, and age were statistically significant predictors of runway behaviors. Youth interviews revealed five key themes on life experiences that mitigate or exacerbate youths’ runaway behaviors. Recommendations resulting from this study were provided in three key areas: (1) improving family visitation and maintaining youth connections with self-identified family and non-relative kin; (2) supporting service approaches for youth that honor and amplify their voices, choices, and family connections; and (3) improving placement quality and individualization of services.
The messy politics of local climate assemblies
Authors: Lewis Pancho , Ainscough Jacob , Coxcoon Rachel , Willis Rebecca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, many local authorities in the UK have run local climate assemblies (LCAs) such as citizens’ assemblies or juries, with the goal of developing citizen-led solutions to the climate crisis. In this essay, we argue that a ‘convenient fiction’ often underpins the way local authority actors explain the rationale for running LCAs. This convenient fiction runs as follows: LCAs are commissioned as a response to the climate threat, and local decision-makers work through LCA recommendations to implement appropriate policies in their locality. We suggest that this narrative smooths over and presents as linear a process that is in fact messy and political. LCAs emerge as a result of political pressure and bargaining. Once LCAs have run their course, the extent to which their recommendations are implemented is dependent on power dynamics and institutional capacities. We argue that it is important to surface the messiness and political tensions that underpin the origins and aftermath of local climate assemblies. This achieves three things. First, it helps manage expectations about the impact LCAs are likely to have on the policy process. Second, it broadens understandings of how LCAs can contribute to change. Third, it provides a complex model that actors can use to understand how they can help deliver climate action through politics. We conclude that LCAs are important — if as yet unproven — new interventions in local climate politics, when assessed against this more complex picture.
Mapping of digital pedagogies in higher education
Authors: Santoveña-Casal Sonia , López Susana Regina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to analyse the evolution and trends of research into digital pedagogy in higher education through the application of bibliometric analysis and systematic review of scientific output. For the bibliometric analysis, the built-in functions of WoS were used, including Analyze results and Citation report. The VOSviewer software was employed to construct bibliometric maps. The analysis focuses on studies about digitalisation, university education and education quality, three categories that are grouped around digital pedagogies and methodologies. The sample contains 242 scientific publications, including articles (65.7%), publications published in the United States (17.7%) and publications financed by the European Commission (3.71%). Barber, W., and Lewin, C., are the authors with the greatest impact. The scientific output forms three networks: the “social network” (2000–2010), the “digitalisation network” (2011–2015) and the “network of the expansion of digital pedagogy” (2016–2023). The most-mature research (2005–2009) concerns the integration of technologies in education. The research with the greatest impact (2020–2022) looks at digital pedagogy and its implementation during the situation created by COVID-19. This research shows that digital pedagogy has come a long way over the last twenty years, but it is at the same time a topical area today. The paper opens up future paths for research such as the development of more-flexible pedagogies that can be adapted to different pedagogical scenarios.
Is There any Difference Between DSM-5 performance-only Specifier and Social Anxiety Disorder? Results from the Young-HUNT3 Study
Authors: Aune Tore , Beidel Deborah C. , Nordahl Hans M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith the publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5, APA, 2013), the diagnostic criteria for social anxiety disorder (SAD) changed; the generalized SAD specifier was removed, and a performance-only specifier was introduced. Despite growing awareness and understanding of the DSM-5 performance-only type specifier, information about its key aspects is lacking. Exploring a large, population-based adolescent sample (N = 8,216), we identified three SAD classes: full spectrum SAD, subclinical SAD, and the performance-only specifier. The three groups were compared across a broad range of parameters. The results indicate that adolescents with the performance-only specifier differed significantly from both the full spectrum and subclinical groups on most clinical indexes. By contrast, the subclinical and full spectrum groups differed less from each other on most parameters. Thus, there were specific aspects of the performance-only specifier group that differentiate this condition from subclinical and clinical SAD in our sample of adolescents. These data indicate that the specifier in the new version of the DSM may be valid in adolescents, and that policymakers and clinicians should not disregard adolescents who show subclinical SAD levels with performance-related challenges. Furthermore, researchers and clinicians should consider the extent to which adolescents with the SAD performance-only specifier may need a different treatment approach.
Innovative Approaches to Improve COVID-19 Case Investigation and Contact Tracing Among Refugees, Immigrants, and Migrants: Lessons Learned from a Newly Established National Resource Center
Authors: Mann Erin M. , Weinberg Michelle , Dawson-Hahn Elizabeth , Clarke Sarah K. , Olmsted Madison , Bertelsen Nathan , Arun Ridhi , Keaveney Megan , Miko Shanna , Kircher Amy , Pendleton Anna E. , Hendel-Paterson Brett , Prasad Shailendra , Stauffer William M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEffective COVID-19 case investigation and contact tracing (CICT) among refugee, immigrant, and migrant (RIM) communities requires innovative approaches to address linguistic, cultural and community specific preferences. The National Resource Center for Refugees, Immigrants, and Migrants (NRC-RIM) is a CDC-funded initiative to support state and local health departments with COVID-19 response among RIM communities, including CICT. This note from the field will describe NRC-RIM and initial outcomes and lessons learned, including the use of human-centered design to develop health messaging around COVID-19 CICT; training developed for case investigators, contact tracers, and other public health professionals working with RIM community members; and promising practices and other resources related to COVID-19 CICT among RIM communities that have been implemented by health departments, health systems, or community-based organizations.