bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Norms of Public Argumentation and the Ideals of Correctness and Participation
Authors: Zenker Frank , van Laar Jan Albert , Cepollaro B. , Gâţă A. , Hinton M. , King C. G. , Larson B. , Lewiński M. , Lumer C. , Oswald S. , Pichlak M. , Scott B. D. , Urbański M. , Wagemans J. H. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArgumentation as the public exchange of reasons is widely thought to enhance deliberative interactions that generate and justify reasonable public policies. Adopting an argumentation-theoretic perspective, we survey the norms that should govern public argumentation and address some of the complexities that scholarly treatments have identified. Our focus is on norms associated with the ideals of correctness and participation as sources of a politically legitimate deliberative outcome. In principle, both ideals are mutually coherent. If the information needed for a correct deliberative outcome is distributed among agents, then maximising participation increases information diversity. But both ideals can also be in tension. If participants lack competence or are prone to biases, a correct deliberative outcome requires limiting participation. The central question for public argumentation, therefore, is how to strike a balance between both ideals. Rather than advocating a preferred normative framework, our main purpose is to illustrate the complexity of this theme.
College Women’s Perceptions of Judgements on Aggression and Risk of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration in Potential Romantic Partners
Authors: Russo Lyric N. , Borelli Jessica L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This study examined whether female college students could accurately detect unknown male students’ propensity for aggression/intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration in romantic relationships after viewing their online dating profile, as well as whether individual differences in women’s IPV victimization history or attachment orientation predicted their accuracy.

Method
Heterosexual adult males (N = 9, Mage = 23.40), selected from a larger sample of N = 41 males, created de-identifiable dating profiles and reported on their history of aggression and IPV perpetration within relationships. Participants (N = 453 heterosexual adult females, Mage = 21.87) then viewed all 9 dating profiles and rated their perception of each male’s level of aggression/IPV perpetration risk (naïve to all other information about the person), as well as reported on their own individual characteristics (attachment, IPV victimization history).

Results
Female participants were able to discriminate between males at high/medium/low levels of aggression, but were only able to discriminate between males with high/low levels of IPV perpetration history. Attachment orientation predicted the magnitude of participants’ ratings of male aggression: Specifically, females higher in avoidance and lower in anxiety perceived males to be less aggressive. Additionally, participants’ attachment orientation was associated with their accuracy of identifying aggression, such that females higher in attachment anxiety and lower in avoidance were found to overestimate males’ aggression. Participants’ IPV victimization history was unrelated to their ratings of males’ aggression/IPV perpetration risk.

Conclusion
Attachment, but not IPV perpetration history, impacts females’ perceptions of propensity for IPV risk.
Using deep learning for pruning region detection and plant organ segmentation in dormant spur-pruned grapevines
Authors: Guadagna P. , Fernandes M. , Chen F. , Santamaria A. , Teng T. , Frioni T. , Caldwell D. G. , Poni S. , Semini C. , Gatti M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEven though mechanization has dramatically decreased labor requirements, vineyard management costs are still affected by selective operations such as winter pruning. Robotic solutions are becoming more common in agriculture, however, few studies have focused on grapevines. This work aims at fine-tuning and testing two different deep neural networks for: (i) detecting pruning regions (PRs), and (ii) performing organ segmentation of spur-pruned dormant grapevines. The Faster R-CNN network was fine-tuned using 1215 RGB images collected in different vineyards and annotated through bounding boxes. The network was tested on 232 RGB images, PRs were categorized by wood type (W), orientation (Or) and visibility (V), and performance metrics were calculated. PR detection was dramatically affected by visibility. Highest detection was associated with visible intermediate complex spurs in Merlot (0.97), while most represented coplanar simple spurs allowed a 74% detection rate. The Mask R-CNN network was trained for grapevine organs (GOs) segmentation by using 119 RGB images annotated by distinguishing 5 classes (cordon, arm, spur, cane and node). The network was tested on 60 RGB images of light pruned (LP), shoot-thinned (ST) and unthinned control (C) grapevines. Nodes were the best segmented GOs (0.88) and general recall was higher for ST (0.85) compared to C (0.80) confirming the role of canopy management in improving performances of hi-tech solutions based on artificial intelligence. The two fine-tuned and tested networks are part of a larger control framework that is under development for autonomous winter pruning of grapevines.
Integrated Water Resources Management in Cities in the World: Global Challenges
Authors: Grison Chloé , Koop Stef , Eisenreich Steven , Hofman Jan , Chang I-Shin , Wu Jing , Savic Dragan , van Leeuwen Kees 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWater scarcity and accessibility remain persistently amongst the most prominent global challenges. Although there is a wide agreement among international organizations that Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) and water governance are key to overcome water-related challenges, global assessments of the progress made by cities is lacking. This paper for the first time analyses the challenges of water, wastewater, municipal solid waste and climate change in cities. We used empirical studies (125 cities) based on the City Blueprint Approach and developed a statistical estimation model to estimate IWRM performances of another 75 cities. These 200 cities in total represent more than 95% of the global urban population. This comprehensive global picture enables us to evaluate the existing gaps in achieving water-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in particular SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation) and SDG 11 (sustainable cities and communities). The best performing cities were Amsterdam and Singapore. Unfortunately, most cities do not yet manage their water resources wisely and are far from achieving the SDGs. For instance, targets regarding drinking water supply are still a challenge for many cities in Africa and Asia and challenges regarding sanitation are high in cities in Africa, Asia and Latin America. The same holds for solid waste management, climate adaptation, and people living in informal settlements. In another paper we will address the solution pathways to these global challenges.
Transport in electron-photon systems
Authors: Wang Jian-Sheng , Peng Jiebin , Zhang Zu-Quan , Zhang Yong-Mei , Zhu Tao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe review the description and modeling of transport phenomena among the electron systems coupled via scalar or vector photons. It consists of three parts. The first part is about scalar photons, i.e., Coulomb interactions. The second part is with transverse photons described by vector potentials. The third part is on φ = 0 or temporal gauge, which is a full theory of the electrodynamics. We use the nonequilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism as a basic tool to study steady-state transport. Although with local equilibrium it is equivalent to the fluctuational electrodynamics (FE), the advantage of NEGF is that it can go beyond FE due to its generality. We have given a few examples in the review, such as transfer of heat between graphene sheets driven by potential bias, emission of light by a double quantum dot, and emission of energy, momentum, and angular momentum from a graphene nanoribbon. All of these calculations are based on a generalization of the Meir—Wingreen formula commonly used in electronic transport in mesoscopic systems, with materials properties represented by photon self-energy, coupled with the Keldysh equation and the solution to the Dyson equation.
Can Immune Therapy Cure Acute Myeloid Leukemia?
Authors: Gale Robert Peter 
Published: March 2023

Opinion statementAlthough safe and effective immune therapies have been developed in several cancers, this has not been so in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Studies of antibodies to CD33, CD123 and CLL-1 report with unconvincing efficacy and substantial adverse events. Lacking AML-specific target antigens, these approaches using non-specific antigen targets often cause unacceptable bone marrow toxicity and off-target adverse events. Studies of AML incidence in persons with immune deficiency indicate little if any immune surveillance against AML. In contrast, data studies of recipients of haematopoietic cell transplants support an effective allogeneic anti-AML effect associated with graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and possibly a specific graft-versus-leukaemia (GvL) effect. A special problem in the immune therapy of AML is few neo-antigens compared with solid cancers because of a relatively low mutation frequency. Studies of CAR-T-, CAR-NK-adaptor CAR-T- and allogeneic NK-cells are progressing as are approaches using synthetic biology. Presently, there are no convincing data of efficacy of immune therapy in AML.
Cerebral Autoregulation, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Injury Biomarkers, in Patients with COVID-19 Treated with Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Authors: Burzyńska Małgorzata , Uryga Agnieszka , Kasprowicz Magdalena , Czosnyka Marek , Goździk Waldemar , Robba Chiara 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to describe the cerebrovascular dynamics, in particular cerebral autoregulation (CA), and cerebral biomarkers as neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in patients with a diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 and acute respiratory distress syndrome as well as undergoing veno-venous extracorporeal membrane treatment.

Methods
This was a single center, observational study conducted in the intensive care unit of the University Hospital in Wroclaw from October 2020 to February 2022. Transcranial Doppler recordings of the middle cerebral artery conducted for at least 20 min were performed. Cerebral autoregulation (CA) was estimated by using the mean velocity index (Mxa), calculated as the moving correlation coefficient between slow-wave oscillations in cerebral blood flow velocity and arterial blood pressure. Altered CA was defined as a positive Mxa. Blood samples for the measurement of NSE were obtained at the same time as transcranial Doppler measurements.

Results
A total of 16 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. The median age was 39 (34–56) years. Altered CA was found in 12 patients, and six out of seven patients who died had altered CA. A positive Mxa was a significant predictor of mortality, with a sensitivity of 85.7%. We found that three out of five patients with pathological changes in brain computed tomography and six out of ten patients with neurological complications had altered CA. NSE was a significant predictor of mortality (cutoff value: 28.9 µg/L); area under the curve = 0.83, p = 0.006), with a strong relationship between increased level of NSE and altered CA, χ2 = 6.24; p = 0.035; φ = 0.69.

Conclusions
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019–related acute respiratory distress syndrome, requiring veno-venous extracorporeal membrane treatment, are likely to have elevated NSE levels and altered CA. The CA was associated with NSE values in this group. This preliminary analysis suggests that advanced neuromonitoring and evaluation of biomarkers should be considered in this population.
Turning carbon dots into selenium bearing nanoplatforms with in vitro GPx-like activity and pro-oxidant activity
Authors: Perez-Garrido Laura , Ortega-Muñoz Mariano , Hernandez-Mateo Fernando , Javier Lopez-Jaramillo F. , Santoyo-Gonzalez Francisco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSelenium (Se) has been defined as the “Janus element”, with one face showing antioxidant activity and the other pro-oxidant activity. The biological effect of Se depends on both dose and speciation. Se nanoparticles are attracting major interest, although their large-scale preparation for biomedical applications is not trivial. We hypothesize that acid anhydride-coated carbon dots (AA-CD) are an attractive platform for preparing nanoparticles containing chemically defined Se. The reaction of AA-CD with 3-selenocyanatopropan-1-amine yields carbon dots bearing selenocyanate and carboxylate groups (CD-SeCN) that allow for tuning the hydrosolubility. CD-SeCN has a Se content of 0.36 µmol per mg of nanoparticles, and they show the typical photoluminescence of carbon dots. The selenocyanate groups (SeCN) exhibited glutathione peroxidase-like activity and cytotoxicity. Data show that antioxidant behavior differs between normal and tumor cells, and the evaluation on HEK293 and A549 cells reveals that the toxicity of CD-SeCN depends on dose, time, and intracellular glutathione (GSH) content. The toxicity of CD-SeCN decreases with the time of incubation and the cell death mechanism switches from necrosis to apoptosis, indicating that CD-SeCN is neutralized. Additionally, high levels of intracellular GSH exert a protective effect. These results support a pharmacological potential in cancers with low levels of intracellular GSH. The use of AA-CD as nanoplatforms is a general strategy that paves the way for the engineering of advanced nanosystems.
From failed democratization to the war against Ukraine: what happened to Russian institutions under Putin?
Authors: Klimovich Stanislav 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis literature review unpacks the state of the art in Russian studies regarding regime dynamics and the functioning of authoritarian institutions. It covers three major fields of scientific debate in the discipline: 1) the role of structural and agency-driven factors in explaining failed democratization and complete autocratization in Russia; 2) the conceptualization of the Russian regime between electoral authoritarianism and personalist rule; 3) the development of authoritarian institutions under Vladimir Putin and the process of institutional degradation. It also outlines the promising research avenues of studying Russian authoritarianism, which can be relevant not only for the scientific community but also for the practitioners, especially in the context of the Russian war against Ukraine.
Surveillance of surgical site infection after colorectal surgery: comprehensiveness and impact of risk factors
Authors: Malheiro Rui M. , Peleteiro Bárbara , Silva Goreti , Lebre Ana , Paiva José Artur , Correia Sofia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjective:The incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) is highest after colorectal surgery. We assessed the impact of risk factors for SSI using the population attributable fraction (PAF).Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:Portuguese hospitals performing regular surveillance.Patients:We identified patients who underwent colorectal procedures in hospitals that reported colorectal surgeries every year between 2015 and 2019. Among 42 reporting hospitals, 18 hospitals were included.Methods:Risk-factor incidence was estimated using the National Epidemiological Surveillance platform from 2015 to 2019. This platform follows the methodology recommended by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical classification, wound classification, open surgery, urgent operation, antibiotic prophylaxis, operation time, and male sex were included as risk factors. Measures of association were retrieved from published meta-analyses. PAFs were calculated using the Levin formula. To account for interaction between risk factors, communality of risk factors was used in a weighted-sum approach, providing a combined value that serves as a measure of the comprehensiveness of surveillance.Results:Among 11,219 reported procedures, the cumulative SSI incidence was 16.8%. The proportion of SSI attributed to all risk factors was 61%. Modifiable variables accounted for 31% of procedures; the highest was laparotomy (16.8%), and urgent operations (2.7%) had the lowest value. Nonmodifiable factors accounted for 28.7%; the highest was wound classification (14.3%).Conclusions:A relevant proportion (39%) of SSI remains unaccounted for by current surveillance. Almost one-third of SSI cases have potentially modifiable factors. Interventions focusing on shorter, less invasive procedures may be optimally effective in reducing the SSI incidence.
Future advanced technology rotorcraft
Authors: Lowson M. V. , Balmford D. E. H. 
Published: March 2023

The ability of the helicopter to hover and therefore to take-off and land in confined areas has proven to be of significant value in an increasing range of applications. Rotorcraft have now established a significant role for specialist aeronautical applications both in the civil and military field.Figure 1(a) shows a graph of the increase of helicopter usage in the civil market. To the traditional roles of point to point transport and special purpose public service operations has been added a massive increase in energy related use, particularly for off-shore oil exploration. Present fleet growth rate in the civil area is about 15% p.a. There is no sign that this demand will abate. There has also been a substantial increase in helicopter use on military operations, as illustrated in Fig. 1(b). Helicopters now account for between 40–50% of all service aircraft (excluding training and liaison) in both the United States and Britain. The flexibility offered by the helicopter has been critical in its tactical value for land operations. The ability of the helicopter to operate from small ships at sea in all weathers, and at night, has provided it with a unique role in naval applications. In Britain over 80% of naval aircraft are now helicopters.
Behavioural evaluations of simulators: academic and practical issues
Authors: Stammers R. B. 
Published: March 2023

The question posed by the symposium title is one of concern to many psychologists, especially those with interests in the study of high levels of human skill. The area of flight simulation does however present a number of challenges in terms of research questions, which are at present only partially answered.There are at least three areas of simulator use where psychologists have interests and have a part to play:
Man-machine system developmentResearch simulatorsTraining simulators.
Airport operators' views
Authors: Payne Norman J. 
Published: March 2023

Passenger traffic through the seven BAA airports, Heathrow, Gatwick and Stansted in the South-East and Glasgow, Edinburgh, Prestwick and Aberdeen in Scotland is predominantly in the leisure sector and this sector is most affected by low fares. In 1978 this sector formed 65% of all traffic at the three South-East airports and 55% at the four airports in Scotland.As Ray Colegate and Adam Thomson have said low fares are no new choice for air travellers. Low fares for charter operations with a range of fare options have been the main feature of the rapid passenger growth at Gatwick Airport for many years. This is also the case at Luton Airport which is not owned by the BAA but serves the South-East.
Airport Operators Council International Inc.
Authors: Davis David W. 
Published: March 2023

Both within the US, and on the North Atlantic, there has been a dramatic reduction in governmental control over airline pricing routeing and service policies. In the short run, the most visible and important development has been the substantial decrease in average fares, spearheaded by greatly reduced fares available in certain restricted circumstances.Because decisions about price, routeing and service interact, I find it most useful to talk about the loosening of governmental strictures on them, collectively, as deregulation, and I want to concentrate my remarks on the impact of deregulation from my perspective as an observer of the industry, and as an airport operator. I hope also to develop the theme that loosening one of these strictures without attention to the others can adversely affect air service.
Greater London Council
Authors: Brew Richard M. 
Published: March 2023

Tourism is both a growing industry and is also an increasingly competitive one. It has become an important factor in the social and economic life of this country, but it is the international visitors who form the growth sector in the market and make the greatest contribution to the national economy. In 1977 the United Kingdom attracted 4·7% of the world total of international travellers and its share of the growing world market has increased by half over the past 10 years. Figures from the Department of Trade show that in 1977 tourism was third in the league of invisible exports and seventh overall in export earnings.If the advent of cheap air fares is to lead to a tourist ‘explosion’ then the effects are likely to be dramatic in terms not only of the tourist industry but the social life of places visited as well as on the national economy. As the foremost tourist centre in Britain, London will feel the effects soonest and most dramatically. While this provides very welcome opportunities, the social and economic implications are far-reaching and need to be carefully considered.
A new method of boundary layer wall shear stress evaluation
Authors: Smith Peter D. , Franklin Raymond E. 
Published: March 2023

It has long been suspected that the inner portion of any turbulent boundary layer velocity profile obeys a so-called law of the wall which takes the form:where u is the boundary layer velocity at a distance y from the wall, uτ is the friction velocity given by √(τw/ρ) in which τw is the wall shearing stress and ρ is the fluid density, v is the kinematic viscosity and A and B are constants.
Outline of PADIS
Authors: Andrews David 
Published: March 2023

PADIS is the acronym for the ‘procedure for analysing the design of interactive solutions ’.If one may use the noun ‘paradigm ’ to mean that way of looking at a problem that permits a solution to that problem to be found, PADIS is both a paradigm for the design process, and a practical system of design management based on that paradigm, enabling important benefits to be realised.Study of the requirements for a design management system had been under way since 1970, but after the fortuitous discovery of the paradigm early in 1977 it became possible to carry out focusing development, and in a succession of small scale experiments a much deeper understanding of the problem was obtained.
Crack free and cracked life of the pressurised cabin of the A300B—calculation, tests and design measurements to improve damage tolerance
Authors: Gökgöl O. 
Published: March 2023

The A300B aircraft is a co-operative effort by France, Germany, Great Britain, USA, Spain and the Netherlands. The work sharing regarding manufacture of the structure is as follows:MBB: Fuselage sections from the tail cone to section 16, upper shell of section 15, and the vertical tail.VFW-Fokker: Fuselage sections 13 and 14.AS: Flight compartment, fuselage sections 12, 15 (lower shell), wing centre box and pylons.CASA: Horizontal tail and passenger compartment door No 1.Fokker-VFW: Movable components on the wing, flap track fairings.British Aerospace (HSA): Cantilever wing, slats.General Electric: Engines.Messier: Landing gears.The design of the A300B was based on many years’ experience gained on aircraft like the Trident (HSA) and the Caravelle (AS). Furthermore, by means of extensive studies and tests, bases were created to ensure reliability of the structure and to achieve an optimum design regarding weight and cost.