bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Menopausal Symptoms, Stress, and Sleep in Postmenopausal Middle‐Aged Women: A Randomized Single‐Blind Sham‐Controlled Trial
Authors: Kim Bomi , Park Hyojung 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMiddle‐aged women in the postmenopausal period experience menopause symptoms, stress, and poor sleep quality due to hormonal changes. Nonetheless, most of them recognize such symptoms as an aging process without receiving proper treatment, and there are few nonpharmacologic interventions available.MethodsThis was a randomized single‐masked, sham‐controlled trial. For the intervention group, a vaccaria seed was applied to the auricular points of Shenmen, anterior lobe, adrenal glands, central rim, and endocrine that are related to the menopause symptoms, stress, and sleep while applying a seed to the auricular points not related to the forementioned symptoms to the control group. The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), heart rate variability, and electroencephalogram (EEG) were measured before the intervention, 4 weeks after the intervention, and 8 weeks after the intervention. Actigraphy was measured with a Fitbit, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was measured before and after the intervention. The study was registered with the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (KCT0007364).ResultsThe MRS showed significant differences over time in the intervention group (F, 22.057;P< .001). There was a significant difference over time in the PSS (F, 22.576;P< .001), stress index measured by heart rate variability (F, 14.027;P= .001), and antistress quotient of the right brain measured by EEG (F, 4.865;P= .033). Sleep quality, measured by the PSQI (t = −4.050,P< .001), and sleep efficiency measured by actigraphy (t = 5.996,P< .001) were found to be significantly different over time in the intervention group.DiscussionThis study demonstrated that auricular acupressure is effective in improving menopause symptoms, stress, and sleep in postmenopausal middle‐aged women. Therefore, auricular acupressure may be a useful nonpharmacologic intervention for alleviating these symptoms in this population.
Phospholipid cofactor solubilization inhibits formation of native prions
Authors: Schwind Abigail M. , Walsh Daniel J. , Burke Cassandra M. , Supattapone Surachai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCofactor molecules are required to generate infectious mammalian prions in vitro. Mouse and hamster prions appear to have different cofactor preferences: Whereas both mouse and hamster prions can use phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) as a prion cofactor, only hamster prions can also use single‐stranded RNA as an alternative cofactor. Here, we investigated the effect of detergent solubilization on rodent prion formation in vitro. We discovered that detergents that can solubilize PE (n‐octylglucoside, n‐octylgalactoside, and CHAPS) inhibit mouse prion formation in serial protein misfolding cyclic amplification (sPMCA) reactions using bank vole brain homogenate substrate, whereas detergents that are unable to solubilize PE (Triton X‐100 and IPEGAL) have no effect. For all three PE‐solubilizing detergents, inhibition of RML mouse prion formation was only observed above the critical micellar concentration (CMC). Two other mouse prion strains, Me7 and 301C, were also inhibited by the three PE‐solubilizing detergents but not by Triton X‐100 or IPEGAL. In contrast, none of the detergents inhibited hamster prion formation in parallel sPMCA reactions using the same bank vole brain homogenate substrate. In reconstituted sPMCA reactions using purified substrates, n‐octylglucoside inhibited hamster prion formation when immunopurified bank vole PrPC substrate was supplemented with brain phospholipid but not with RNA. Interestingly, phospholipid cofactor solubilization had no effect in sPMCA reactions using bacterially expressed recombinant PrP substrate, indicating that the inhibitory effect of solubilization requires PrPC post‐translational modifications. Overall, these in vitro results show that the ability of PE to facilitate the formation of native but not recombinant prions requires phospholipid bilayer integrity, suggesting that membrane structure may play an important role in prion formation in vivo.image
Two new mouse models of Gjb1‐associated Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1X
Authors: Tadenev A. L. D. , Hatton C. L. , Pattavina B. , Mullins T. , Schneider R. , Bogdanik L. P. , Burgess Robert W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCharcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1X is caused by mutations in GJB1, which is the second most common gene associated with inherited peripheral neuropathy. The GJB1 gene encodes connexin 32 (CX32), a gap junction protein expressed in myelinating glial cells. The gene is X‐linked, and the mutations cause a loss of function.AimsA large number of disease‐associated variants have been identified, and many result in mistrafficking and mislocalization of the protein. An existing knockout mouse lacking Gjb1 expression provides a valid animal model of CMT1X, but the complete lack of protein may not fully recapitulate the disease mechanisms caused by aberrant CX32 proteins. To better represent the spectrum of human CMT1X‐associated mutations, we have generated a new Gjb1 knockin mouse model.MethodsCRISPR/Cas9 genome editing was used to produce mice carrying the R15Q mutation in Gjb1. In addition, we identified a second allele with an early frame shift mutation in codon 7 (del2). Mice were analyzed using clinically relevant molecular, histological, neurophysiological, and behavioral assays.ResultsBoth alleles produce protein detectable by immunofluorescence in Schwann cells, with some protein properly localizing to nodes of Ranvier. However, both alleles also result in peripheral neuropathy with thinly myelinated and demyelinated axons, as well as degenerating and regenerating axons, predominantly in distal motor nerves. Nerve conduction velocities were only mildly reduced at later ages and compound muscle action potential amplitudes were not reduced. Levels of neurofilament light chain in plasma were elevated in both alleles. The del2 mice have an onset at ~3 months of age, whereas the R15Q mice had a later onset at 5–6 months of age, suggesting a milder loss of function. Both alleles performed comparably to wild type littermates in accelerating rotarod and grip strength tests of neuromuscular performance.InterpretationWe have generated and characterized two new mouse models of CMT1X that will be useful for future mechanistic and preclinical studies.
A systematic review to evaluate the efficacy of azelaic acid in the management of acne, rosacea, melasma and skin aging
Authors: King Sarah , Campbell Jo , Rowe Rebecca , Daly Marie‐Louise , Moncrieff George , Maybury Catriona 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundTopical azelaic acid (AA) is indicated for acne and rosacea, but there is some evidence for its use for other dermatological conditions.AimsTo assess the effectiveness and safety of topical AA for acne vulgaris, rosacea, hyperpigmentation/melasma, and skin aging.MethodsRCTs of at least 6 weeks' treatment duration were eligible for inclusion. Databases including MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched up to December 2022. Two reviewers were involved in all stages of the systematic review process.ResultsForty‐three RCTs met the inclusion criteria. Meta‐analyses within 20 rosacea studies demonstrated that erythema severity, inflammatory lesion counts, overall improvement, and treatment success (achieving skin clarity) were significantly improved with AA compared with vehicle after 12 weeks. AA was more effective than metronidazole 0.75% for improved erythema severity, overall improvement, and inflammatory lesion counts. Sixteen acne studies suggest that AA is more effective than vehicle for improving global assessments and reducing acne severity. AA 20% also significantly reduced more lesions than erythromycin gel. Within seven melasma studies, AA 20% was significantly better than vehicle for both severity and global improvement. AA 20% demonstrated significantly better results compared with hydroquinone 2% for global improvement. Very few significant differences between AA and comparators were observed for commonly reported adverse events. No eligible RCTs were found that evaluated skin aging.ConclusionsAA is more effective than vehicle for rosacea, acne and melasma. Comparisons between AA and other treatments were often equivalent. Where there is equivalence, AA may be a good option for some clinical situations. RCT evidence is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of AA on skin aging.
LMXSC Elicits Hubristic Pride and Social Undermining in Individuals with High Trait Dominance
Authors: Korman Benjamin A. , Tröster Christian , Giessner Steffen R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA consensus in the literature has converged on the idea that one's perceptions of being treated better by a leader (compared with one's coworkers' treatment by the same leader) motivate prosocial behaviour. Drawing on current theory of hubristic pride and its evolutionary role in status maintenance, we challenge this consensus by proposing that favourable, downward social comparisons of leader‐member exchange (i.e., leader‐member exchange social comparisons; LMXSC) can also lead to social undermining. Specifically, we argue that, in individuals with high trait dominance, LMXSC triggers hubristic pride, which, in turn, motivates social undermining. Results from two experiments and a longitudinal field study support this idea. In sum, our work shifts the consensus in LMXSC theory by showing when and why high LMXSC can motivate negative coworker‐directed behaviour, and it also offers practical help to organizational leaders dealing with the ethical decision of if, and when, to preferentially treat individual team members.
MiRNAs that target amyloid precursor protein processing machinery in extracellular vesicles and particles derived from oral squamous cells carcinoma
Authors: Galvão Fernando , Rode Michele Patricia , de Campos Paloma Santos , Bruch Gisele Eva , Carregal Virgínia Mendes , Massensini André Ricardo , Matte Bibiana Franzen , Lamers Marcelo Lazzaron , Creczynski‐Pasa Tânia Beatriz , Siqueira Ionara Rodrigues 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundConsidering that microRNAs (miRNAs), extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) and the amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing have been shown to be altered in oral squamous cells carcinoma (OSCC), it is possible that miRNAs that target APP processing pathways in EVPs are impacted in tumor cells. Our aim was to evaluate miRNAs that target APP itself or disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain 10 (ADAM10), which generate a trophic compound, sAPPα, in EVPs derived from OSCC cell lines, an aggressive and non‐invasive, compared to normal keratinocytes.MethodsWe used two OSCC cell lines, an aggressive human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SCC09) and a less aggressive cell line (CAL27) compared with a keratinocyte lineage (HaCaT). Cells were maintained in cell media, from which we isolated EVPs. EVPs were evaluated regarding their size and concentration using Nanotracking Analysis. We measured the levels of miRNAs which had as potential downstream target APP or ADAM10, specifically miR‐20a‐5p, miR‐103a‐3p, miR‐424‐5p, miR‐92b‐3p, miR‐31‐5p, and miR‐93‐5.ResultsThere were no differences on size distributions and concentration of isolated EVPs. OSCC cell lines‐derived EVPs miR‐20a‐5p, miR‐92b‐3p, and miR‐93‐5p were upregulated in comparison to HaCaT‐derived EVPs; while miR‐31‐5p was reduced in EVPs obtained from CAL27 cells.ConclusionOur results indicate changes in miRNAs that target APP machinery processing in EVPs derived from OSCC cell lines of different aggressiveness, which may be involved with abnormal miRNA expression in OSCC tissue and/or releasing tumor suppressor miRNA.
What is missing in our understanding of urban slum environments and maternal, infant and young child nutrition from publicly available data in Asia and the Pacific?
Authors: Haycraft Emma , Chandrasenage Damith , Wambui David , Goudet Sophie , Rousham Emily , Stanley Megan , Murira Zivai , Griffiths Paula 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGiven the recent, rapid urbanisation in Asia and the Pacific region, coupled with increases in the triple burden of malnutrition, we need to better understand maternal, infant and young child nutrition (MIYCN) for populations living in urban slum environments. This research used existing large‐scale datasets to explore MIYCN indicators for those living in urban slum, compared with urban nonslum, areas. Data since 2015 from available Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS; Afghanistan, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Pakistan and the Philippines) and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS; Bangladesh, Fiji, Kiribati, Mongolia, Nepal, Thailand and Tuvalu) were analysed. Most urban children in the 13 countries from the region were breastfed within 24 h of birth, with slightly higher rates for those living in slums. Conversely, almost all indicators of infant and young child malnutrition were worse for those in urban slums. For mothers living in slums, underweight prevalence and iron deficiency anaemia were higher while maternal overweight and obesity prevalence were lower. Analysis revealed disparities across countries in the wealth status of those living in slum versus nonslum areas. What is currently missing is representative sampling of households, adequate collection of data both within and across countries, and accurate representation of slum‐dwellers in large‐scale surveys. Given that limited data for the region show urban poor slum populations are vulnerable to poor nutrition indicators, more data are needed on the poorest urban slum populations to enable effective resource allocation to support optimal MIYCN.
The new Palestinian textbooks: A strategy for national identity and self‐determination
Authors: Alayan Samira , Riley Celia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs part of an effort to establish a national identity within the education sector, the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) revised its 2018/2019 textbooks. This study seeks to understand the motivation behind the revisions, focusing on how the new content depict ‘the self’ and ‘the other’. Through our analysis, it was discovered that the textbooks should be seen as an extension of the Palestinian struggle for nation‐building and self‐determination. The PNA's strategy to curricula development represents a departure from the previous Oslo framework with a focus on historical Palestine and defining ‘the other’ on their own terms.
A unique C‐terminal domain contributes to the molecular function of Restorer‐of‐fertility proteins in plant mitochondria
Authors: Huynh Sang Dang , Melonek Joanna , Colas des Francs‐Small Catherine , Bond Charles S. , Small Ian 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Restorer‐of‐fertility (Rf) genes encode pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins that are targeted to mitochondria where they specifically bind to transcripts that induce cytoplasmic male sterility and repress their expression. In searching for a molecular signature unique to this class of proteins, we found that a majority of known Rf proteins have a distinct domain, which we called RfCTD (Restorer‐of‐fertility C‐terminal domain), and its presence correlates with the ability to induce cleavage of the mitochondrial RNA target.
A screen of 219 angiosperm genomes from 123 genera using a sequence profile that can quickly and accurately identify RfCTD sequences revealed considerable variation in RFL/RfCTD gene numbers across flowering plants. We observed that plant genera with bisexual flowers have significantly higher numbers of RFL genes compared to those with unisexual flowers, consistent with a role of these proteins in restoration of male fertility.
We show that removing the RfCTD from the RFL protein RNA PROCESSING FACTOR 2‐nad6 prevented cleavage of its RNA target, the nad6 transcript, in Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondria.
We provide a simple way of identifying putative Rf candidates in genome sequences, new insights into the molecular mode of action of Rf proteins and the evolution of fertility restoration in flowering plants.
Osteogenic effect and mechanism of IL‐10 in diabetic rat jaw defect mode
Authors: Hu Sitong , Zhu Yihui , Yu Shujia , Guo Yanchuan , Wang Yihu , Lv Menghao , Bai Wei , Ma Pan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of IL‐10 on the phenotype polarization of macrophages and osteogenesis in diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) rat jaw defects.MethodsLipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) were chosen to induce the polarization of macrophages. In vitro assessment included wound‐healing assay, western blotting, and alizarin red staining after co‐culture of the bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and induced macrophages. For in vivo study, IL‐10 was loaded on GelMA‐Heparin and applied to bone defects of the alveolar ridge in diabetic rats, while Bio‐Oss Collagen, simple GelMA‐Heparin, and blank control groups were set for contrast experiment. The mandibles of rats were processed for micro‐computed tomography, histology, and immunohistochemistry 1 week and 4 weeks after the operation.ResultsIL‐10 induced expression of arginase 1, TGF‐β1, EGR2, and Mannose Receptor (CD206), whereas LPS induced expression of iNOS, TNF‐α, IL‐6, CD80. The BMSCs co‐cultured with macrophages induced by IL‐10 showed increased migration, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization in vitro. Notably, the IL‐10‐laden GelMA‐Heparin group showed quicker new bone formation and a higher M2/M1 ratio of macrophages in the jawbone defect area compared with the control groups.ConclusionsIL‐10 can stably induce macrophages to M2 type, thereby influencing BMSCs and improving the osteogenesis of jaw bone defects.
Early warning for SpO2 decrease by the oxygen reserve index in neonates and small infants
Authors: Wittenmeier Eva , Schmidtmann Irene , Heese Pascal , Müller Pascal , Didion Nicole , Kriege Marc , Komorek Yannick , Pirlich Nina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionContinuously assessing the oxygenation levels of patients to detect and prevent hypoxemia can be advantageous for safe anesthesia, especially in neonates and small infants. The oxygen reserve index (ORI) is a new parameter that can assess oxygenation through a relationship with arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2). The aim of this study was to examine whether the ORI provides a clinically relevant warning time for an impending SpO2 (pulse oximetry hemoglobin saturation) reduction in neonates and small infants.MethodsORI and SpO2 were measured continuously in infants aged <2 years during general anesthesia. The warning time and sensitivity of different ORI alarms for detecting impending SpO2 decrease were calculated. Subsequently, the agreement of the ORI and PaO2 with blood gas analyses was assessed.ResultsThe ORI of 100 small infants and neonates with a median age of 9 months (min–max, 0–21 months) and weight of 8.35 kg (min–max, 2–13 kg) were measured. For the ORI/PaO2 correlation, 54 blood gas analyses were performed. The warning time and sensitivity of the preset ORI alarm during the entire duration of anesthesia were 84 s (25th–75th percentile, 56–102 s) and 55% (95% CI 52%–58%), and those during anesthesia induction were 63 s (40–82 s) and 56% (44%–68%), respectively. The positive predictive value of the preset ORI alarm were 18% (95% CI 17%–20%; entire duration of anesthesia) and 27% (95% CI 21%–35%; during anesthesia induction). The agreement of PaO2 intervals with the ORI intervals was poor, with a kappa of 0.00 (95% CI = [−0.18; 0.18]). The weight (p = .0129) and height (p = .0376) of the infants and neonates were correlated to the correct classification of the PaO2 interval with the ORI interval.ConclusionsThe ORI provided an early warning time for detecting an impending SpO2 decrease in small infants and neonates in the defined interval in this study. However, the sensitivity of ORI to forewarn a SpO2 decrease and the agreement of the ORI with PaO2 intervals in this real‐life scenario were too poor to recommend the ORI as a useful early warning indicator for this age group.
Risk factors for intolerance of oral 5‐aminosalicylic acid preparations in pediatric ulcerative colitis
Authors: Abe Naoki , Iwata Naomi , Yasuoka Ryuhei , Nishida Daisuke , Oohara Asami , Nakaseko Haruna , Sugiura Shiro , Kawabe Shinji 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground: No previous study of Japanese children with ulcerative colitis (UC) has reported the risk factors for intolerance of 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA). We aimed to identify risk factors for intolerance of oral 5‐ASA preparations in pediatric UC.Methods: Patients with childhood‐onset UC who were seen at our hospital between November 2003 and March 2020 were investigated. Intolerance of 5‐ASA was defined as having clinical symptoms (pyrexia, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloody stool) that worsened after starting oral administration of 5‐ASA and improved after discontinuation of 5‐ASA. Patient sex, age, body size, laboratory data, pediatric UC activity index scores, and colonoscopy‐based determinations of the extent and severity of the affected lesion at initiation of 5‐ASA of intolerant and tolerant groups were compared.Results: Fifteen patients were in the intolerant group, and 37 were in the tolerant group. The leukocyte count, C‐reactive protein level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly higher in the intolerant group than the tolerant group; the albumin level in the intolerant group was significantly lower. All intolerant patients and 68% of tolerant patients had pancolitis (Paris classification E4). Patients with a large, affected area (Paris classifications E3 and E4) more frequently had intolerance to 5‐ASA than patients with a small lesion. The cumulative Mayo endoscopic subscore (cMES), which is the sum of MES scores for six regions of the large intestine, was significantly higher in the intolerant group.Conclusions: Pediatric UC patients with more intense inflammation and a large lesion could have an increased risk of intolerance for 5‐ASA.
Risk factor analyses for intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Inoue Takashi , Nishikubo Toshiya , Hirano Shinya , Kamamoto Tomoyuki , Takahashi Yukihiro , Kusuda Satoshi ,   the Neonatal Research Network of Japan
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundVery‐low‐birthweight (VLBW) infants can experience severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) that can lead to life‐long disability by impairing neurodevelopment. The aim of this study was to identify the risk and protective factors for severe IVH in VLBW infants.MethodsA retrospective, cross‐sectional review of VLBW infants born at 22–28 weeks’ gestation between January 2003 and December 2012 and listed in the Database of Neonatal Research Network in Japan was performed using a statistical model incorporating an odds ratio (OR) and medical center variation as a center variance ratio (CVR). A two‐dimensional analysis using a combination of OR and the CVR described evolving measures of a clinical trial (for OR > 1) and standardization (for CVR > 1) concerning a factor of interest.ResultsThe noteworthy significant protective factors were antenatal steroids (ANS) with and without premature rupture of membrane (OR: 0.43, CVR: 1.08, and OR: 0.68, CVR: 1.14, respectively) and the number of neonatal beds (OR: 0.94, CVR: 0.99) and staff nurses per neonatal bed (OR: 0.89, CVR: 0.99).ConclusionsActive promotion of ANS administration and consolidation of perinatal medical centers can mitigate the development of severe IVH in VLBW infants.