bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three cases of oral mucosal tuberculosis in patients on tumour‐necrosis‐factor‐α blockers
Authors: Nico Marcello Menta Simonsen , Fanciozi Amithis Bernstorff , da Costa Álvaro Furtado , Lourenço Silvia Vanessa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present three cases of oral mucosal lesions caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients treated with anti‐tumour necrosis factor‐α for psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis. Diagnosis of oral mucosal tuberculosis was not easily established in any of the cases. A comparison between these cases and other previously described forms of oral mucosal tuberculosis is presented.
The Amba Uprising: Beyond France's Plantation Economy
Authors: Nganang Patrice 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article explores the roots of the current conflict between the French neocolonial regime in Cameroon and the English‐speaking minority in southern Cameroons, or Ambazonia. It proposes the use of the Gramscian concept of hegemony as the best frame for understanding the specific forms of submission and dominance that are driving this conflict. It analyzes the geopolitical motives that have empowered and continue to enable French hegemony, comparing them to the motives that empowered and enabled the plantation economy in the U.S. South prior to the U.S. Civil War. It explores the range of forms of cultural rebellion taking place against this imposed hegemony, especially in the realms of education and language, including and beyond the Amba uprising.
How French Currency Imperialism in Africa Led to the Assassination of Muammar Gaddafi
Authors: Ebatamehi Sebastiane 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWho was responsible for the assassination of Muammar Gaddafi, the president of Libya? The official story says it was Libyan rebels who were seeking justice against a political dictator. But there is more than meets the eye regarding this assassination, which was an orchestrated event. Yet, the mainstream media have ignored the evidence that counters the official narrative. Emails between former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and her aide Sidney Blumenthal describe how French currency imperialism in Africa led to the death of Gaddafi. John Perkins, a former economic “hitman,” draws the same conclusion. In this article, we reveal why the French government had strong motives to silence Gaddafi and to put an end to his efforts to replace the CFA franc with a truly African currency not controlled by an imperial power.
Bones, groans and sending patients home: Perioperative opioid‐related harm reduction strategy utilisation in a regional New South Wales (NSW) hospital
Authors: Walsh Kelsey , Gezer Nesha , Gaborit Lorane , Zhou William , Banerjee Arnab 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivePerioperative initiation of opioids continues to be a major contributor to chronic use, misuse and diversion in regional areas. There is considerable effort to mitigate harm through avoiding excessive prescribing and reducing the risk of persistent postoperative opioid use. Improving perioperative documentation practices has been reported to ensure appropriate opioid initiation and de‐escalation. It has not been established whether these strategies are utilised in regional hospitals.MethodsA retrospective observational study of perioperative opioid prescribing and documentation practices in Goulburn Base Hospital, a regional centre in the Southern New South Wales (NSW) Local Health District. Data were collected from 110 records and validated for adult patients undergoing elective total knee replacement (TKR) or total hip replacement (THR) from 12 January 2020 to 13 January 2021.Outcome MeasuresTo observe perioperative opioid prescribing and utilisation of harm reduction strategies in a regional hospital.Results65% of patients were opioid naïve (ON). Preoperative pain assessments and patient education were completed in 23% and 15% of records, respectively. Postoperative opioids were prescribed for 99% of patients, with 74% prescribed a slow‐release (SR) formulation. 50% of patients were discharged with an SR prescription. Inadequate postoperative pain control was reported in 21% of patients. Of the 103 patients prescribed opioids on discharge, only 20% included a de‐escalation plan and only 35% of discharge summaries included dose and quantity of opioids supplies.ConclusionsThis study has identified underutilisation of perioperative harm reduction strategies despite the potential to improve appropriate initiation and de‐escalation of opioids. These findings highlight opportunities for improvement in regional hospitals.
Rhabdomyolysis during concomitant ticagrelor and rosuvastatin: A breast cancer resistance protein‐mediated drug interaction?
Authors: Lehtisalo Minna , Kiander Wilma , Filppula Anne M. , Deng Feng , Kidron Heidi , Korhonen Mari , Sinkko Johanna , Koivula Kimmo , Niemi Mikko 
Published: February 2023

We present 3 patients diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis 1–6 months after the initiation of concomitant rosuvastatin and ticagrelor medication. A literature review and Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system revealed >40 reports of rhabdomyolysis during concomitant ticagrelor and rosuvastatin, including 3 with a fatal outcome. We show that ticagrelor inhibits breast cancer resistance protein‐, organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1‐, 1B3‐ and 2B1‐mediated transport of rosuvastatin in vitro with half‐maximal unbound inhibitory concentrations of 0.36, 4.13, 7.5 and 3.26 μM, respectively. A static drug interaction model predicted that ticagrelor may inhibit intestinal breast cancer resistance protein and thus increase rosuvastatin plasma exposure 2.1‐fold, whereas the OATP‐mediated hepatic uptake of rosuvastatin should not be inhibited due to relatively low portal ticagrelor concentrations. Taken together, concomitant use of ticagrelor with rosuvastatin may increase the systemic exposure to rosuvastatin and the risk of rosuvastatin‐induced rhabdomyolysis. Further studies are warranted to investigate the potential pharmacokinetic interaction between ticagrelor and rosuvastatin in humans.
How should severity be understood in the context of reproductive genetic carrier screening?
Authors: Dive Lisa , Archibald Alison D. , Freeman Lucinda , Newson Ainsley J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReproductive genetic carrier screening provides information about people's chance of having children with certain genetic conditions. Severity of genetic conditions is an important criterion for their inclusion in carrier screening programmes. However, the concept of severity is conceptually complex and underspecified. We analyse why severity is an important concept in carrier screening and for reproductive decision‐making and show that assessments of severity can also have normative societal implications. While some genetic conditions are unambiguously associated with a high degree of suffering, there are many factors that contribute to how severe a condition is perceived to be, and perspectives will vary. Attempts to classify genetic conditions according to their severity tend to prioritise biomedical information at the expense of incorporating qualitative aspects of the impact of genetic conditions on people's lives. Further complexity arises because some genotypes can present with variable phenotypes and because some conditions are not always experienced in the same way by all people who have them. To acknowledge this complexity, we argue that an understanding of severity needs to distinguish between the severity of a genetic condition—requiring a generalised approach for purposes of policy development and programme design—and the severity of an instance of a genetic condition in a particular person. Families making reproductive decisions also require access to diverse experiences of the qualitative aspects of living with genetic conditions. As a result, reproductive carrier screening programmes must recognise and respond to the complexity inherent in determining the severity of genetic conditions.
Germline predisposition to haematological malignancies: Best practice consensus guidelines from the UK Cancer Genetics Group (UKCGG), CanGene‐CanVar and the NHS England Haematological Oncology Working Group
Authors: Speight Beverley , Hanson Helen , Turnbull Clare , Hardy Steven , Drummond James , Khorashad Jamshid , Wragg Christopher , Page Paula , Parkin Nicholas W. , Rio‐Machin Ana , Fitzgibbon Jude , Kulasekararaj Austin Gladston , Hamblin Angela , Talley Polly , McVeigh Terri P. , Snape Katie ,   Consensus Meeting Attendees
Published: February 2023

SummaryThe implementation of whole genome sequencing and large somatic gene panels in haematological malignancies is identifying an increasing number of individuals with either potential or confirmed germline predisposition to haematological malignancy. There are currently no national or international best practice guidelines with respect to management of carriers of such variants or of their at‐risk relatives. To address this gap, the UK Cancer Genetics Group (UKCGG), CanGene‐CanVar and the NHS England Haematological Oncology Working Group held a workshop over two days on 28–29th April 2022, with the aim of establishing consensus guidelines on relevant clinical and laboratory pathways. The workshop focussed on the management of disease‐causing germline variation in the following genes: DDX41, CEBPA, RUNX1, ANKRD26, ETV6, GATA2. Using a pre‐workshop survey followed by structured discussion and in‐meeting polling, we achieved consensus for UK best practice in several areas. In particular, high consensus was achieved on issues regarding standardised reporting, variant classification, multidisciplinary team working and patient support. The best practice recommendations from this meeting may be applicable to an expanding number of other genes in this setting.
Quality competition and worker training
Authors: Heywood John S. , Sessions John G. , Theodoropoulos Nikolaos 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe examine the relationship between firm‐sponsored training and product quality competition within a model of worker–firm bargaining. We develop a quality‐adjusted monopolistically competitive setting in which firms invest in training to an extent that reflects: (i) the costs of training, (ii) the extent to which training increases product quality, and (iii) the extent to which product quality increases final product demand. We identify the conditions under which greater sensitivity between product demand and quality results in greater firm‐sponsored training.
Board gender quotas and outward foreign direct investment: Evidence from France
Authors: Aktaş Koray , Gattai Valeria , Natale Piergiovanna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe show that board gender quota laws reduce the propensity of French firms to undertake outward foreign direct investment. For this, we use firm‐level data for the period 2007 to 2015 and a difference‐in‐difference approach. The exogenous increase in the share of women directors decreases the share of foreign subsidiaries by 7 percentage points when the share of women directors is at its highest. The share of foreign subsidiaries is affected by the decrease in probability of having a foreign subsidiary, which indicates disinvestment. The effects on outward foreign direct investment we detect are strongest for the poorly managed firms, pointing to tough managerial monitoring by gender diverse boards as the driving force behind results.
Disparities among Japanese municipalities in recommendations for routine and catch‐up HPV vaccinations
Authors: Watanabe Yuko , Ueda Yutaka , Yagi Asami , Ikeda Sayaka , Oka Emiko , Kakuda Mamoru , Nakagawa Satoshi , Hiramatsu Kosuke , Miyoshi Ai , Kobayashi Eiji , Kimura Toshihiro , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn November 2021, the government of Japan announced a reversal of its decision in 2013 to suspend the previous proactive recommendation for HPV vaccination. However, the program for young girls to receive routine and catch‐up vaccinations has not necessarily developed as expected. We conducted a nationwide questionnaire survey by mail in September 2022. The survey was mailed to 133 municipalities consisting of all cities/wards of the Tokyo and Osaka Prefectures and all other prefectural capital cities. Responses were received from 82 municipalities (62.7%). Notification of routine HPV vaccinations had already been sent to 76 (92.7%) of the municipalities; 70 (85.4%) had been encouraged to promote catch‐up vaccinations. The questionnaire forms for registration and pre‐vaccination screening for routine immunization had been sent to 74.1% (60/81) of the municipalities and 68.8% (55/80) for catch‐up immunizations. For catch‐up vaccination, only 54 municipalities (65.9%) had detailed vaccination records for those eligible. In total, 10 municipalities (12.2%) had virtually no vaccination records because these had already been discarded. In addition, 61 municipalities (74.4%) had notified only women and girls eligible for a catch‐up vaccination based on their vaccination record, whereas 25.6% (21/82) of the municipalities reported that they had sent, or would send, the notification to all women and girls within the targeted grades, including those who had already been vaccinated with three injections. The survey revealed disparities among the municipalities in their HPV vaccine notification processes. Future research on monitoring HPV vaccination rates and incidence rates of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in each municipality will be desirable.
Theoretical and methodological approaches in designing, developing, and delivering interventions for oral health behaviour change
Authors: Kitsaras George , Asimakopoulou Koula , Henshaw Michelle , Borrelli Belinda 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOral health behaviour change interventions are gaining momentum on a global scale. After lagging behind other disciplines, oral health behaviour change is becoming an area of fast and important development. Theories used in medicine and healthcare more generally are now being applied to oral health behaviour change with varying results. Despite the importance of using theories when designing and developing interventions, the variety and variation of theories available to choose from create a series of dilemmas and potential hazards. Some theories, like the COM‐B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation‐Behaviour) model, and frameworks, like the Behaviour Change Wheel might represent areas of opportunity for oral health behaviour change interventions with careful consideration vital. Different methodological approaches to intervention development are actively utilized in oral health with a wide host of potential opportunities. The issue of co‐designing and co‐developing interventions with intended users and stakeholders from the start is an important component for successful and effective interventions, one that oral health behaviour change interventions need to consistently implement. Oral health behaviour change interventions are utilizing technology‐based approaches as a major vehicle for intervention delivery and, innovative solutions are implemented across a wide host of oral health behaviour change interventions. With multiple options for designing, developing, and delivering interventions, careful selection of appropriate, user‐inclusive, and adaptable approaches is essential. With a lot of available information and evidence from other disciplines, oral health behaviour change interventions need to reflect on lessons learned in other fields whilst also maximizing the potential of the wide variety of theories, frameworks, methodologies, and techniques available at present.
Postoperative outcomes of right hemicolectomy for cancer in 11 countries of Latin America: A multicentre retrospective study
Authors:   LATAM Collaborative Colorectal Surgery Consortium
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThere is scant evidence regarding surgical outcomes of patients with colon cancer in Latin America. The aim of this work was to compare perioperative (30 day) outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for right colon cancer in Latin America based on centre volume.MethodThis is a multi‐institutional retrospective cohort study. Individuals operated on for right colon cancer with curative intent in an urgent or elective setting between 2016 and 2021 were eligible for inclusion in the study. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether they were operated on in low‐volume or high‐volume centres (defined as more than 30 cases/year).ResultsA total of 2676 patients from 46 hospitals in 11 countries of Latin America were included, with 389 (14.5%) in the low‐volume group. The median age was 67.37 years. The high‐volume group presented higher rates of laparoscopic procedures (56.8 vs. 35.7%, p < 0.001, OR 2.36), with lower conversion rates, fewer intraoperative complications and a shorter operating time. The high‐volume group had a shorter length of hospital stay. The overall complication rate for the whole group was 15.9%, with a lower incidence of these events in the high‐volume group (13.7 vs. 28.7%, p < 0.001, OR 0.40). Overall, anastomotic leakage, reoperation and mortality rates were 5.6%, 9.2% and 6.1%, respectively, with differences favouring high‐volume centres. On multivariate analysis, low‐volume group, history of cardiac disease, emergency surgery, operation performed by a general surgeon, open approach and intraoperative complications were independent predictors of major postoperative complications.ConclusionThis is the first study in Latin America to show better postoperative outcomes at a regional scale when surgery for right colon cancer is performed in high‐volume centres. Further studies are needed to validate these data and to identify which of the factors can explain the present results.
The geography of giving: Nonprofit philanthropy, public parks and land conservation in the United States
Authors: Willse Cadence 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFaced with budget cutbacks, state and local governments struggle to adequately fund public parks and support land conservation. “Support nonprofits” are charitable organizations soliciting voluntary contributions of money, property, and service to protect parks and natural systems (Gazley, 2015). From 2000 to 2015, the number of support nonprofits increased by 188% and total nonprofit revenue increased by 263%, outpacing growth in public charities nationwide (NCCS). The rapid growth in support nonprofits prompts key questions about access and equity: Which communities benefit from support nonprofits? Do support nonprofits advocate for public land conservation? Using a novel national dataset pairing large nonprofits with the counties they serve, the article has three key findings: (1) counties in metropolitan areas with well‐educated, liberal residents are more likely to have a support nonprofit fundraising for public land, and (2) there is no correlation between public funding for parks and support nonprofit presence. In addition to philanthropy, (3) counties with support nonprofits are more likely to pass ballot initiatives funding public land conservation. It is imperative that policy‐makers and conservation advocates consider how nonprofit philanthropy maps on to—and augments—existing inequality in access to parks and natural resource conservation.
Isolated muscular ventricular diverticulum assessment using multi‐parameter echocardiographic imaging: Case reports
Authors: Zheng Qiaojin , Qiao Wei , Ren Weidong , Xiao Yangjie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVentricular diverticulum (VDi) is a rare and often asymptomatic congenital cardiac malformation detected incidentally as an outpouching on routine imaging examination, of which the muscular type has been less reported. Here, two patients were incidentally found to have outpouchings of the ventricle during routine transthoracic echocardiography. After a series of multi‐parameter echocardiography examination, including two‐dimensional (2D), three‐dimensional (3D) photo‐realistic rendering, blood speckle tracking (BST), and contrast enhancement, to provide morphological structure, spatial relationship, and blood flow information, both cases were finally diagnosed with muscular VDi. These cases highlight the advantages of using multi‐parameter echocardiography for the comprehensive assessment of muscular VDi.
Which is the best Myocardial Work index for the prediction of coronary artery disease? A data meta‐analysis
Authors: Parlavecchio Antonio , Vetta Giampaolo , Caminiti Rodolfo , Ajello Manuela , Magnocavallo Michele , Vetta Francesco , Foti Rosario , Crea Pasquale , Micari Antonio , Carerj Scipione , Della Rocca Domenico Giovanni , Di Bella Gianluca , Zito Concetta 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) plays a key role to prevent adverse cardiac events such as myocardial infarction and Left Ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Myocardial Work (MW) indices derived from echocardiographic speckle tracking data in combination with non‐invasive blood pressure recordings seems promising to predict CAD even in the absence of impairments of standard echocardiographic parameters. Our aim was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of MW indices to predict CAD and to assess intra‐ and inter‐observer variability of MW through a meta‐analysis.MethodsElectronic databases were searched for observational studies evaluating the MW indices diagnostic accuracy for predicting CAD and intra‐ and inter‐observer variability of MW indices. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic (SROC) curves were assessed.ResultsFive studies enrolling 501 patients met inclusion criteria. Global Constructive Work (GCW) had the best pooled sensitivity (89%) followed by GLS (84%), Global Work Index (GWI) (82%), Global Work Efficiency (GWE) (80%), and Global Wasted Work (GWW) (75%). GWE had the best pooled specificity (78%) followed by GWI (75%), GCW (70%), GLS (68%), and GWW (61%). GCW had the best accuracy according to SROC curves, with an area under the curve of 0.86 compared to 0.84 for GWI, 0.83 for GWE, 0.79 for GLS, and 0.74 for GWW. All MW indices had an excellent intra‐ and inter‐observer variability.ConclusionsGCW is the best MW index proving best diagnostic accuracy in the prediction of CAD with an excellent reproducibility.