bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence Factors of Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Occlusion in Cancer Patients: Developing a Prediction Model
Authors: Zou Pan-Pan , Wu Dan , Wang wen , Hu yingxin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study explores the risk factors of peripheral intravenous catheter occlusion in cancer patients and establishes a nomogram prediction model for the risk of peripheral intravenous catheter occlusion.
Methods: In this prospective study, 243 patients from multiple centers were included in the prediction model. The subset of influencing factors of peripheral intravenous catheter occlusion in cancer patients was obtained by LASSO regression 10-fold cross validation. Multivariate logistic regression was utilized to determine the predictive factors of the risk of such patients, and a nomogram prediction model was drawn. The ROC curve was utilized to evaluate the predictive ability of the model. The bootstrap method was utilized for internal validation and the C-index was calculated to evaluate the discrimination ability of the model. The calibration curve was drawn to evaluate the calibration of the model.
Results: LASSO-logistic regression analysis showed that nurses’access to peripheral venous catheter maintenance (OR=9.269), patient gender (OR=2.627), number of complications (OR=2.005), and indwelling time of indwelling needle (OR=1.021) were the risk factors of venous indwelling needle blockage in tumor patients. The nomogram model was constructed based on the above risk factors, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.729% (95% CI: 0.657 ~ 0.801), and the C-index after internal verification was 0.712%. The calibration curve shows that the predicted results are in good agreement with the actual results.
Conclusion: The prediction model has good prediction efficiency, which can provide reference for clinical nurses to identify the high-risk groups of indwelling needle blockage and formulate targeted intervention measures.
Hybrid Dynamics for Closed-Loop Multibody Systems
Authors: Jain Abhinandan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A popular method for solving the dynamics of closed-loop systems is
the {\it tree-augmented (TA)} dynamics algorithm. In this method, a
minimal set of the inter-body constraints are ``cut'' to convert the
system into a tree-topology system. The inter-body constraints within
the tree are treated as hinges parameterized with a minimal set of
coordinates. The overall dynamics model formulation consists of the
minimal-coordinate dynamics model for the tree system together with
the minimal set of bilateral closure constraints for the tree system.
A DAE solver is needed for solving the equations of motion in this
formulation. An alternative method that avoids DAEs altogether is the
{\it constraint embedding (CE)} dynamics algorithm
\cite{Jain2011b}. This technique uses the TA model as a starting
point. However, TA model's bilateral constraints are eliminated by
aggregating bodies affected by the bilateral constraint into compound
bodies. The result system topology is once again a tree with only
inter-body hinges and no bilateral constraints. The benefit of this
approach is that the structure-based tree algorithms can be directly
used to solve the dynamics, and this formulation requires the simpler
ODE solver. While the CE algorithm is undoubtedly superior for
systems with small loops - and especially ones where the loop
kinematics has analytical solution. However when the loops become
larger, or more complex (eg. meshes), the benefits of the CE approach
over the TA approach decrease. For systems involving both small and
large loops, the analyst is left with the unsatisfactory situation of
choosing between either the TA or CE approaches. The main
contribution of this paper is the development of a {\it hybrid
dynamics method} which allows the use of TA and CE approaches to
different loops in the multibody system. This allows the user to
judiciously choose the better of the TA or CE approaches for each of
the loops in the system.
T cell proliferation-related subtypes, prognosis model and characterization of tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Jiang Wanjin , Yang Xiaonan , Gan Ruijia , Hua Hongting , Ding Zhimin , Si Dongyu , Zhu Xinbei , Yang Qi , Wang Xu , Zhang Huabing , Gao Chaobing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: Thirty-three synthetic driver genes of T-cell proliferation have recently been identified through genome-scale screening. However, the tumor microenvironment (TME) cell infiltration, prognosis, and response to immunotherapy mediated by multiple T cell proliferation-related genes (TRGs) in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) remain unclear.
Methods: This study examined the genetic and transcriptional changes in 771 patients with HNSC by analyzing the TRGs from two independent datasets. Two different subtypes were analyzed to investigate their relationship with immune infiltrating cells in the TME and patient prognosis. The study also developed and validated a risk score to predict overall survival (OS). Furthermore, to enhance the clinical utility of the risk score, an accurate nomogram was constructed by combining the characteristics of this study.
Results: The low-risk score observed in this study was associated with high levels of immune checkpoint expression and TME immune activation, indicating a favorable OS outcome. Additionally, various factors related to risk scores were depicted.
Conclusion: Through comprehensive analysis of TRGs in HNSC, our study has revealed the characteristics of the TME and prognosis, providing a basis for further investigation into TRGs and the development of more effective immunotherapeutic strategies.
Effects of maxillary expansion in mixed dentition with Invisalign First System and Hass: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Lu Lanxin , Zhang Lingling , Li Chengri , Yi Fang , Lei Lei , Lu Yanqin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: This prospective cohort study aimed to compare the dento-skeletal effects of using Invisalign First System with Hass excluding growth factors.
Materials and Methods: A total of 51 patients were included in this study: Invisalign First System (First) group (n = 17), Hass group (n = 17), natural growth (NG) group (n = 17), after screening by strict inclusion criteria and propensity score matching (PSM). Research indicators were measured on digital dental casts at baseline (T0) and six-month follow-up (T1), including intercanine width, interpremolar width, second interdeciduous molar width, arch depth, arch perimeter, intercanine alveolar bone width, intermolar alveolar bone width, and molar inclination.
Results: In the NG group, there was no statistically significant difference in dento-skeletal indicators. In the First and Hass group, all indicators were significantly increased after treatment. The Hass group showed a greater expansion than First group for intercanine width, first interpremolar width, second interdeciduous molar width and first intermolar mesial width, arch perimeter, intercanine alveolar bone width, intermolar alveolar bone width, and molar inclination (p < 0.05). Whereas, arch depth showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusions: 1. Both Hass and First can effectively expand maxillary in mixed dentition.
2. Invisalign First System is a new method of comfortably and effectively acting on maxillary expansion, recommended for patients with aesthetic, arch space management needs and mild to moderate narrowing of the maxillary in mixed dentition.
3. Hass allows a greater expansion, recommended for patients with severe maxillary transverse deficiency.
Clinical relevance: The present fndings provide theoretical basis for various clinical treatments regarding maxillary expansion with mixed dentition.
Registration number:ChiCTR2200056220, February 1, 2022.
Multicenter Prospective Trial Evaluating the Utility of CYP3A5 Genotype in Determining Optimal Initial Dosage of Tacrolimus in Chinese Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Zhang Xi , Tong Weihang , Chen Hui , Fu Shangxi , Lei Ning , Li Guangrun , Zhang Zheng , Li Pengfei , Liu Lihong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Tacrolimus is a potent immunosuppressant extensively, due to different gene expressions of CYP3A5 in different populations, tacrolimus has a narrow therapeutic index and there is significant heterogeneity in the dose required to achieve target blood concentrations, leading to difficulty in determining the optimal initial dosage.
Methods
145 Chinese renal transplant recipients were divided into two groups according to different CYP3A5 genotypes. The initial oral dose of tacrolimus for patients with CYP3A5*1/*3 and *1/*1 genotypes (expressers) was 0.14 to 0.18 mg/kg/day, and 0.08 to 0.1 mg/kg/day for that with CYP3A5*3/*3 genotypes (non-expressing type). The primary endpoints were the time to achieve the first target tacrolimus blood concentration (TBC) (7 ~ 13 ng/ml) and the proportion of patients reaching this target range on Day 3 ~ 7. Secondary endpoints were the mean doses of tacrolimus, acute rejection, and delayed renal allograft function of tacrolimus.
Results
The time needed to achieve the first target TBC after transplantation is as follows: expressers patients (N = 59) at 7 days (3 to 28) and non-expressers patients (N = 86) at 3 days (3 to 14) (P < 0.01). The proportion of patients was 91.8% for non-expressers, which was significantly higher than 64.4% for expressers (p = 0.02). Within one month after transplantation, the mean daily dose of tacrolimus was 0.151 ± 0.036 mg/kg for expressers and 0.089 ± 0.032 mg/kg for non-expressers.
Conclusions
We recommend determining CYP3A5*3 genotype prior to transplantation in order to help facilitate determining the optimal tacrolimus dose. For non-expressers, the initial dose of 0.08 ~ 0.1 mg/kg daily of tacrolimus is appropriate. For expressers, a higher initial dose or combination therapy with drugs are potential strategies that require further evaluation.
Digitalization and Changes to Work Organization and Management in the Norwegian Petroleum Industry
Authors: Melberg Kjersti , Gressgård Leif 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article analyses how implementation and use of digital technologies involve changes in work content, organization, and management in the petroleum industry. This is important, given that the industry is in a phase with mature technology and heavy pressure on efficiency and cost-effectiveness, at the same time as older systems and work processes prevail. The article draws on data acquired through interviews in a number of companies, organizations and specialist teams. The results show that far-reaching digitalization will mean radical changes to the way employees and managers work. The level of success in using digital technologies can be related to the ability to alter the content and form of work and expertise requirements, while retaining trust in technology and coping with uncertainty. A key conclusion is that clarifications related to work processes, roles, and responsibilities between the various actors in the supply chain are the most significant obstacles to successful technology adoption.
Finding the optimal candidate for shock wave lithotripsy: external validation and comparison of five prediction models
Authors: Popiolek Marcin , Jendeberg Johan , Sundqvist Pernilla , Wagenius Magnus , Lidén Mats 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To externally validate five previously published predictive models (Ng score, Triple D score, S3HoCKwave score, Kim nomogram, Niwa nomogram) for shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) single-session outcomes in patients with a solitary stone in the upper ureter.
Methods
Patients treated with SWL from September 2011 to December 2019 were included in a retrospective analysis. Patient-related variables were collected from the hospital records. Stone-related data including all measurements were retrieved from computed tomography prior to SWL. We estimated discrimination using area under the curve (AUC), calibration, and clinical net benefit based on decision curve analysis (DCA).
Results
A total of 384 patients with proximal ureter stones treated with SWL were included in the analysis. Median age was 55.5 years, and 282 (73%) of the sample were men. Median stone size was 8.0 mm. All models significantly predicted the SWL outcomes after one session. S3HoCKwave score, Niwa, and Kim nomograms had the highest accuracy in predicting outcomes, with AUC 0.716, 0.714 and 0.701, respectively. These three models outperformed both the Ng (AUC: 0.670) and Triple D (AUC: 0.667) scoring systems, approaching statistical significance (P = 0.05). Of all the models, the Niwa nomogram showed the strongest calibration and highest net benefit in DCA.
Conclusions
The models showed small differences in predictive power. The Niwa nomogram, however, demonstrated acceptable discrimination, the most accurate calibration, and the highest net benefit whilst having relatively simple design. Therefore, it could be useful for counselling patients with a solitary stone in the upper ureter.
Metabolomics analysis reveals changes related to pseudocyst formation induced by iron depletion in Trichomonas vaginalis
Authors: Cheng Wei-Hung , Huang Po-Jung , Lee Chi-Ching , Yeh Yuan-Ming , Ong Seow-Chin , Lin Rose , Ku Fu-Man , Chiu Cheng-Hsun , Tang Petrus 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Iron is an essential element for cellular functions, such as energy metabolism. Trichomonas vaginalis, a human urogenital tract pathogen, is capable of surviving in the environment without sufficient iron supplementation. Pseudocysts (cyst-like structures) are an environmentally tolerated stage of this parasite while encountering undesired conditions, such as iron deficiency. We demonstrated that iron deficiency induces more active glycolysis but a drastic downregulation of hydrogenosomal energy metabolic enzymes. Therefore, the metabolic direction of pyruvate is still controversial.
Methods
In the present work, we conducted an LC‒MS-based metabolomics analysis to obtain accurate insights into the enzymatic events of T. vaginalis under iron-depleted (ID) conditions.
Results
First, we showed the possible digestion of glycogen, cellulose polymerization, and accumulation of raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs). Second, a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) capric acid was elevated, whereas most detected C18 fatty acids were reduced significantly. Third, amino acids were mostly reduced, especially alanine, glutamate, and serine. There were 33 dipeptides that showed significant accumulation in ID cells, which was probably associated with the decrease in amino acids. Our results indicated that glycogen was metabolized as the carbon source, and the structural component cellulose was synthesized at same time. The decrease in C18 fatty acids implied possible incorporation in the membranous compartment for pseudocyst formation. The decrease in amino acids accompanied by an increase in dipeptides implied incomplete proteolysis. These enzymatic reactions (alanine dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and threonine dehydratase) were likely to be involved in ammonia release.
Conclusion
These findings highlighted the possible glycogen utilization, cellulose biosynthesis, and fatty acid incorporation in pseudocyst formation, as well as NO precursor ammonia production induced by iron-depleted stress.
Production and characterization of antimicrobial nanocomposite film based on Plantago major seeds gum/carboxymethyl cellulose reinforced by Cerium oxide nanoparticles and fenugreek essential oil
Authors: Asadi Seyyed Mohammad Ehsan , Marand Sina Ardebilchi , Amiri Saber , Fazeli Manuchehr , Heidari Zhiyar , Nabavi Seyyed Moein , Kashtiban Ayla Elmi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to produce Plantago major seeds gum (PMSG) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) antimicrobial nanocomposite film by adding Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) (2.5 and 5%W/W) as reinforcing additive and fenugreek seeds essential oil (FSEO) (4 and 8%W/W) as a bioactive agent. The nanocomposite films were prepared by casting method, and moisture content, moisture absorption, opacity, water vapor permeability (WVP), antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant properties of them were examined. FTIR, FESEM, XRD, and TGA tests were carried out to study the morphology, crystalline structure, and thermal stability of films, respectively. Moreover, mechanical properties, for instance, tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EB), and thickness of the films, were measured. The results indicated that adding CeO2 NPs improved the mechanical properties and formed new crystalline structures on the nanocomposite films. The inclusion of 5% CeO2 NPs and 8% FSEO had a significant reduction in moisture content and moisture absorption (p\(<\)0.05). Besides, FSEO addition did not have a significant effect on the WVP amount (p\(>\)0.05). However, adding CeO2 NPs and FSEO caused a significant effect on antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, and the highest antimicrobial and antioxidant activities were obtained by the film containing 2.5% CeO2 NPs and 8% FSEO. The results showed that the TS was decreased by adding FSEO, and it increased by adding CeO2 NPs, especially at higher concentrations. EB was significantly affected by the addition of CeO2 NPs and FSEO, EB was enhanced by the addition of FSEO, and was reduced by the addition of CeO2 NPs. Instrumental analysis FTIR, FESEM, XRD, and TGA tests showed high potential of PMSG/CMC-based nanocomposite reinforced by CeO2 NPs and FSEO for food packaging technology.
Description of the design of a mixed-methods study to assess the burden and determinants of malaria transmission for tailoring of interventions (microstratification) in Ibadan and Kano metropolis
Authors: Ozodiegwu Ifeoma D. , Ogunwale Akintayo O. , Surakat Olabanji , Akinyemi Joshua O. , Bamgboye Eniola , Fagbamigbe Adeniyi F. , Bello Musa Muhammad , Adamu Al-Mukhtar Y. , Uhomobhi Perpetua , Ademu Cyril , Okoronkwo Chukwu , Adeleke Monsuru , Ajayi IkeOluwapo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
: Rapid urbanization in Nigerian cities may likely result in small-scale variation in malaria transmission with a higher malaria burden in informal settlements and slums. However, data is unavailable to quantify city-level variations in transmission risk and to inform selection of appropriate interventions. We are conducting field studies to understand how malaria risk varies at the smallest administrative units (wards) in two major Nigerian cities – Ibadan and Kano – to inform tailoring of interventions for cities in Nigeria’s National Malaria Strategic Plan.
Methods and Analysis:
This is a mixed-method research design involving qualitative and quantitative research methods. We will carry out formative qualitative studies to inform sampling strategies for formal settlements, informal settlements and slums and the design of survey questionnaires. Cross-sectional surveys will be conducted in the wet and dry seasons across wards in the study cities and within different settlement types at the household and health facility levels to map all-age and under-five malaria prevalence and evaluate related risk factors. A 12-month longitudinal study among children under the age of 10 years will provide information on malaria seasonality in the two cities and related factors. Entomological surveys will be undertaken for six months (three months in each season) per city to assess local transmission risk in both cities. Descriptive and regression analysis will be applied to study data to assess malaria prevalence, seasonality and related factors. Mathematical models of malaria transmission for each study ward will be developed based on study data to inform assessment of the impact of various intervention scenarios specified by the NMEP on malaria transmission.
Conclusion
The combination of various study types provide in-depth information useful for subcity tailoring of interventions in Nigeria
A Survey of Deep Causal Models and Their Industrial Applications
Authors: Li Zongyu , Zhu Zhenfeng , Guo Xiaobo , Zheng Shuai , Guo Zhenyu , Qiang Siwei , Zhao Yao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The concept of causality plays a significant role in human cognition. In the past few decades, causal effect estimation has been well developed in many fields, such as computer science, medicine, economics, and other industrial applications. With the advancement of deep learning, it has been increasingly applied in causal effect estimation against counterfactual data. Typically, deep causal models map the characteristics of covariates to a representation space and then design various objective functions to estimate counterfactual data unbiasedly. Different from the existing surveys on causal models in machine learning, this paper mainly focuses on the overview of the deep causal models, and its core contributions are as follows: 1) we cast insight on a comprehensive overview of deep causal models from both timeline of development and method classification perspectives; 2) we outline some typical applications of causal effect estimation to industry; 3) we also endeavor to present a detailed catego-rization and analysis on relevant datasets, source codes and experiments.
Do women benefit from women education aid? Evidence from panel data
Authors: Maruta Admasu Asfaw 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Most of the aid literature focuses on the potential growth effects of aggregate aid, with mixed results. Considering that donors have repeatedly asserted the multidimensionality of their purposes, a much-disaggregated analysis of aid effectiveness is necessary. The effect of women education aid is examined empirically for 72 developing countries during the period 1990–2016. The effectiveness of aid targeted to women education is assessed here within the framework of cross-country regression. This analysis exploits an instrumental variable since donors provide large amount of women education aid to countries which have similar voting positions in the United Nations General Assembly. The results show that women education aid has a significantly positive effect on women’s education. This result is robust with different sensitivity checks. The finding has strong policy implications for donor countries and international aid organisations, such as it helps identify the most effective types of foreign aid flow to various economic sectors of the recipient countries.
Linking up Bell-Beakers in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Jiménez-Puerto Joaquín , Bernabeu-Aubán Joan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Many studies in complexity theory employ agent-based models whose interactions can be expressed as networks. In such models, the pattern of interactions between actors is crucial, and the network topology that emerges from the raw data can be characterized through many metrics. There is one tool that has been previously employed in Archaeology studies and has the potential to deal with networks in social contexts at different scales of analysis: social network analysis (SNA). This discipline has been applied successfully in wide range of archaeological problems, providing valuable insights and a different perspective. It also could be useful to provide quantification to concepts associated with social complexity, such as robustness, resilience, and edge-of-chaos threshold. In this work, we will propose some methodologic possibilities to approximate some of these concepts through SNA. In order to illustrate the process, we will present a case study from the Copper Age in the Iberian Peninsula: Bell-Beaker phase.