bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethical dilemmas in infant mental health: Examples from child protection, home visiting, and medical contexts
Authors: Zeanah Charles H. , Korfmacher Jon , Lim Issak , Steier Alison , Zeanah Paula D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInfant mental health is explicitly relational and strengths based as a field. Ethical dilemmas in infant mental health have received insufficient attention at the level of infant mental health professionals (IMHP) and other professionals caring for infants who must grapple with questions of when caregivers and infants have conflicting interests. We present composite cases drawn from North American and Australian contexts, using three systems in which such conflicts may commonly manifest: child protection, home visiting, and medical settings. The field of infant and early childhood mental health (IECMH) should begin to discuss such dilemmas and how best to balance the needs of caregivers and infants when they are not well aligned.
Pharmacokinetics and repeated dose 28‐day oral toxicity studies of acetaminophen nanosuspension
Authors: Karami Zahra , Bidgoli Sepideh Arbabi , Saghatchi Zanjani Mohammadreza , Arabshahi Peyman , Gazori Taraneh , Hamidi Mehrdad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWide availability and easy accessibility of acetaminophen oral dosage forms increase the risk of intentional poisoning or unintentional organ toxicity, leading to a wide range of liver failure, nephrotoxicity, and neurotoxicity. In this study, an attempt was made to improve oral bioavailability and reduce the toxicity of acetaminophen using nanosuspension technology. The acetaminophen nanosuspensions (APAP‐NSs) were prepared by a nano‐precipitation method using polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as stabilizers. The mean diameter of APAP‐NSs was 124 ± 3.8 nm. The dissolution profile of APAP‐NSs was significantly point‐to‐point higher than the coarse drug in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The in vivo study revealed 1.6‐ and 2.8‐fold increases in the AUC0‐inf and Cmax of the drug, respectively, in APAP‐NSs‐receiving animals compared to the control group. Moreover, no deaths and no abnormalities in clinical signs, body weights, and necropsy findings were detected in the dose groups up to 100 mg/kg of the 28‐day repeated oral dose toxicity study in mice.
Men of color in the health professions: Proceedings from the 2022 ADEA Men of Color in the Health Professions Summit
Authors: Smith Carlos S. , Smith Patrick D. , Perez Herminio , Ester Todd V. , West Karen P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) Men of Color in the Health Professions Summit, held in August 2022 at ADEA's headquarters in Washington, DC, was to gather key thought leaders across a myriad of health professions and healthcare organizations and schools to cultivate intentional cross‐disciplinary efforts in championing the need to address the low number of men of color entering not only dental, but also medicine, pharmacy, and health‐related research careers. A pivotal follow‐up step from the inaugural ADEA President's Symposium on Men of Color in the Health Professions at the March 2022 ADEA Annual Session & Exhibition in Philadelphia, the summit brought together academic health professions leaders, government agencies, health professions associations, and other key stakeholders to develop an action plan to support men of color entering the health professions. Moving the needle forward and increasing opportunities for underrepresented men of color in the health professions requires all academic health professions to work together. Highlights of the Summit included a keynote presentation by David Satcher, MD, PhD, the 16th Surgeon General of the United States; workgroup consensus statement development; health career pathways program presentations; strategic forecasting regarding challenges and opportunities in developing a coalition of health professions organizations to support men of color in the health professions; and frameworks for exploring coalition building.
Equine mesenchymal stem cell derived extracellular vesicle immunopathology biomarker discovery
Authors: Reynolds David E. , Vallapureddy Phoebe , Morales Renee‐Tyler T. , Oh Daniel , Pan Menghan , Chintapula Uday , Linardi Renata L. , Gaesser Angela M. , Ortved Kyla , Ko Jina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in human and veterinary clinical applications has become a subject of increasing importance due to their roles in immunomodulation and regenerative processes. MSCs are especially relevant in equine medicine because they may have the ability to treat prevalent musculoskeletal disorders, among other conditions. However, recent evidence suggests that the components secreted by MSCs, particularly extracellular vesicles (EVs), are responsible for these properties. EVs contain proteins and nucleic acids, which possess an active role in intercellular communication and can be used as therapeutics. However, because the intersection of equine veterinary medicine with EVs remains a relatively new field, there is a demand to identify biomarkers that can discern and enrich for therapeutic EVs, progressing their clinical efficacy. In this study, we identified and characterized 84 miRNAs, between three equine donors involved in immunomodulation in cell and EV subjects. We discovered distinct groups of shared miRNAs, like miR‐21‐5p and miR‐451a, that are abundant and enriched between the donors’ EVs, respectively. By mapping and comparing the MSC‐EV miRNA expression, we discovered many pathways that are involved in immunomodulation and tissue regenerative processes related to equine clinical applications. Therefore, the miRNAs highlighted in this article can be used as valuable biomarkers for screening MSC‐derived EVs for potential equine therapy.
Exploration of s new biomarker in osteosarcoma and association with clinical outcomes: TOP2A+cancer associated fibroblasts
Authors: Xu Yuanze , Chen Pingping , Liu Dongsong , Xu Qin , Meng Hao , Wang Xuesong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundOsteosarcoma (OS) is the leading malignant primary bone tumor in young adults and children and has a high mortality rate. Cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are major components of the tumor microenvironment, influencing cancer progression and metastasis. However, there is no systematic study on the role of CAF in OS.MethodsWe collected six OS patients’ single‐cell RNA sequencing data from the TISCH database, which was processed using the Seurat package. We selected gene sets from the well‐known MSigDB database and resorted to the clusterprofiler package for gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was used for identification of the variables. Receiver operating characteristic and decision curve analyses were utilized for determining the efficacy of the monogram model.ResultsTOP2A+CAFs was recognized as the carcinogenic CAFs subset, given its intense interaction with OS malignant cells and association with the critical cancer driver pathway. We intersected the differentially expressed genes of TOP2A+CAFs with the prognostic genes selected from 88 OS samples. The acquired gene set was selected using the LASSO regression model and integrated with clinical factors to obtain a monogram model of high prognosis predicting power (area under the curve of 5 year survival at 0.883). Functional enrichment analysis revealed the detailed difference between two risk groups.ConclusionWe identified TOP2A+CAFs as a subset of oncogenic CAFs in OS. Based on differentially expressed genes derived from TOP2A+CAFs, combined with bulk transcriptome prognostic genes, we constructed a risk model that can efficiently predict OS prognosis. Collectively, our study may provide new insights for future studies to elucidate the role of CAF in OS.
Lifetime prevalence and adherence rate of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Gao Xiangrong , Zhang Wanting , Sun Jingyi , Adeloye Davies , Jin Huyi , Rudan Igor , Song Peige , Jin Mingjuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionWomen living with HIV (WLWH) are more likely to develop cervical cancer. Screening and available healthcare can effectively reduce its incidence and mortality rates. We aimed to summarize the lifetime prevalence and adherence rate of cervical cancer screening among WLWH across low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs), and high‐income countries (HICs).MethodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science and Embase for studies published between database inception and 2 September 2022, without language or geographical restrictions. Those reporting the lifetime prevalence and/or adherence rate of cervical cancer screening among WLWH were included. Pooled estimates across LMICs and HICs were obtained using DerSimonian–Laird random‐effects models. When the number of eligible studies was greater than 10, we further conducted stratified analyses by the World Health Organization (WHO) region, setting (rural vs. urban), investigation year, screening method, type of cervical cancer screening programme, age and education level.ResultsAmong the 63 included articles, 26 provided data on lifetime prevalence, 24 on adherence rate and 13 on both. The pooled lifetime prevalence in LMICs was 30.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.0–41.3), compared to 92.4% in HICs (95% CI: 89.6–94.6). The pooled adherence rate was 20.1% in LMICs (95% CI: 16.4–24.3) and 59.5% in HICs (95% CI: 51.2–67.2).DiscussionThere was a large gap in cervical cancer screening among WLWH between LMICs and HICs. Further analysis found that those in LMICs had higher lifetime prevalence in subgroups with urban settings, with older age and with higher education levels; and those in HICs had higher adherence in subgroups with younger age and with higher education levels.ConclusionsCervical cancer screening among WLWH falls considerably short of the WHO's goal. There should be continuous efforts to further increase screening among these women, especially those residing in the rural areas of LMICs and with lower education levels.
A Pilot Study of Ratiometric Creatine CEST MRI Assessment of Rabbit Skeletal Muscle Energy Metabolism at 3 T
Authors: Zhao Jialei , Wu Gang , Wu Qiting , Gong Pengcheng , Kuang Junfeng , Zheng Hairong , Sun Phillip Zhe , Li Ye , Wu Yin 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundpH MRI may provide useful information to evaluate metabolic disruption following ischemia. Radiofrequency amplitude‐based creatine chemical exchange saturation transfer (CrCEST) ratiometric MRI is pH‐sensitive, which could but has not been explored to examine muscle ischemia.PurposeTo investigate skeletal muscle energy metabolism alterations with CrCEST ratiometric MRI.Study TypeProspective.Animal ModelSeven adult New Zealand rabbits with ipsilateral hindlimb muscle ischemia.Field Strength/Sequence3 T/two MRI scans, including MRA and CEST imaging, were performed under two B1 amplitudes of 0.5 and 1.25 μT after 2 hours of hindlimb muscle ischemia and 1 hour of reperfusion recovery, respectively.AssessmentCEST effects of two energy metabolites of creatine and phosphocreatine (PCrCEST) were resolved with the multipool Lorentzian fitting approach. The pixel‐wise CrCEST ratio was quantified by calculating the ratio of the resolved CrCEST peaks under a B1 amplitude of 1.25 μT to those under 0.5 μT in the entire muscle.Statistical TestsOne‐way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMRA images confirmed the blood flow loss and restoration in the ischemic hindlimb at the ischemia and recovery phases, respectively. Ischemic muscles exhibited a significant decrease of PCr at the ischemia (under both B1 amplitudes) and recovery phases (under B1 amplitude of 0.5 μT) and significantly increased CrCEST from normal tissues at both phases (under both B1 levels). Specifically, CrCEST decreased, and PCrCEST increased with the CrCEST ratio. Significantly strong correlations were observed among the CrCEST ratio, and CrCEST and PCrCEST under both B1 levels (r > 0.80).Data ConclusionThe CrCEST ratio altered substantially with muscle pathological states and was closely related to CEST effects of energy metabolites of Cr and PCr, suggesting that the pH‐sensitive CrCEST ratiometric MRI is feasible to evaluate muscle injuries at the metabolic level.Evidence Level2Technical Efficacy Stage1
Whether the updates of dynamical processes can improve the performance of BCC‐CSM model to reproduce the long‐range correlation of the daily temperature?
Authors: He Wenping , Zhao Shanshan , Wan Shiquan , Jiang Yundi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany studies have shown that the climate system has the long‐range correlation (LRC) characteristics, which provide a good test bed for evaluating the performance of climate models. In this study, the LRC characteristics of the observed surface daily temperature data in China is first analysed by detrended fluctuation analysis. It is found that the daily temperature records, including daily mean temperature (Tmean), daily maximum temperature (Tmax), and daily minimum temperature (Tmin), all exhibit LRC characteristics with scaling exponents more than 0.6 in most of China. Then, the performances of two different versions for the Beijing Climate Center Climate System Model (BCC‐CSM), namely, BCC‐CSM1.1m in CMIP5 and BCC‐CMS2‐MR in CMIP6, are quantitatively evaluated by comparing the differences of the LRC characteristics between the observations and the simulations. The results indicate that BCC‐CSM2‐MR performs better than BCC‐CSM1.1(m) in western Northwest China, most of south of the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, North China, central Inner Mongolia for the daily Tmean and Tmax. As far as the daily Tmin is concerned, BCC‐CSM1.1(m) performs better than BCC‐CSM2‐MR in western South China and southern Xinjiang, and the performance of BCC‐CSM2‐MR in CMIP6 has not been significant improved. Compared with BCC‐CSM1.1(m), BCC‐CSM2‐MR cannot significantly improve the simulations for the LRC characteristics of the three daily temperature variables in central and eastern Qinghai‐Tibet plateau, and the areas of between lower reaches of Yellow River and Yangtze River.
Rainfall onset and cessation over Mozambique and relationship with sea surface temperature and atmospheric patterns
Authors: Manhique A. J. , Reason C. J. C. , Barimalala R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMozambique is highly dependent on subsistence agriculture. Thus a climatology of rainfall onset and cessation is derived together with their interannual variability and trends using gridded daily data and station data. Mean onset is found to occur from early to mid‐November over southernmost regions, mid‐ to late November over central regions and late November to early December over the northern and coastal regions while cessation is from mid to late March over southern and late March to early April over most of central and northern Mozambique. The two gridded datasets showed differences (~30 days) in rainfall onset and cessation dates over southern Mozambique with standard deviations of 20–35 days. Timing of early onset over northern and central Mozambique appears associated with both zonal and meridional moisture convergence and tropical extratropical cloud bands, while timing of late onset is associated with southeast moisture fluxes from the subtropical South Indian Ocean and uplift over the landmass. Early (late) onset appears to be linked to La Niña (El Niño), particularly over central Mozambique. Rainfall cessation over most of Mozambique tends to be early (late) during El Niño (La Niña) summers. The relationship of ENSO with onset and cessation over large areas in Mozambique may help farmers and other user groups in planning their activities for the rainy season.
Validity of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria using calf circumference in the prediction of in‐hospital mortality in older surgical patients: A secondary analysis of a cohort study
Authors: Beretta Mileni V. , Rodrigues Ticiana d. C. , Steemburgo Thais 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition is a prevalent condition among older patients and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. Methods such as the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), the Mini Nutritional Assessment Long Form (MNA‐LF), and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) diagnose malnutrition early. This study aimed to evaluate the performance and validity of these instruments to predict the length of hospital stay (LOS) and in‐hospital mortality in older surgical patients.MethodsThis prospective cohort study was performed in hospitalized older surgical patients. In the first 48 h of admission, general data were collected, and patients were evaluated by SGA, MNA‐LF, and GLIM using calf circumference (CC) and mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) as phenotypic criteria for nutrition diagnoses. Accuracy tests and regression analysis adjusted for sex, type of surgery, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index adjusted for age were performed to assess the criterion validity of instruments to predict LOS and mortality.ResultsA total of 214 patients (age 75.4 ± 6.6 years, 57.3% men, and 71.1% admitted to elective surgery) were evaluated. Malnutrition was diagnosed in 39.7% (SGA), 63% (MNA‐LF), 41.6% (GLIMCC), and 32.1% (GLIMMUAC) of patients. GLIMCC had the best accuracy (AUC = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.63–0.79) and sensitivity (95.8%) to predict in‐hospital mortality. In the adjusted analysis, malnutrition, according to SGA, MNA‐LF, and GLIMCC, increased the risk of in‐hospital mortality by 3.12 (95% CI, 1.08–11.34), 4.51 (95% CI, 1.29–17.61), and 4.83 (95% CI, 1.52–15.22), respectively.ConclusionGLIMCC had the best performance and satisfactory criterion validity to predict in‐hospital mortality in older surgical patients.
Mineralogy of the LAR 12095 Martian shergottite as determined by micro‐Raman and micro‐X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopies
Authors: Huidobro Jennifer , Aramendia Julene , García‐Florentino Cristina , Población Iratxe , Castro Kepa , Arana Gorka , Madariaga Juan Manuel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this work, the geochemical characterization of the olivine‐phyric Martian shergottite LAR 12095 was performed by using two complementary analytical techniques: micro‐Raman and micro‐energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopies. Thanks to this methodology, olivine, pyroxene, and ilmenite were detected as primary minerals from Mars. Maskelynite, hematite, anatase, chromite, merrillite, oxidized mackinawite, pyrrhotite, elemental sulfur, marcasite, jarosite, epsomite, and gypsum were classified as secondary minerals. The major novelty of this work is that alterations under anaerobic and aerobic conditions of S‐bearing minerals can be appreciated. In this sense, primary sulfides were altered to secondary sulfides, elemental sulfur and sulfates under the oxygen‐free Martian atmosphere. However, in the Earth's oxidizing atmosphere, primary sulfides are weathered to iron oxides, such as hematite. In addition, it should be highlighted that the presence of ilmenite, mackinawite, elemental sulfur, and jarosite has been reported for the first time in this meteorite.
Preparation of β‐cyclodextrin covalent organic framework‐immobilized poly(glycidyl methacrylate) nanoparticle‐coated open tubular capillary electrochromatography column for chiral separation
Authors: Huo Hongyi , Guan Jin , Huang Ziwei , Long Ke , Zhang Dongxiang , Shi Shuang , Yan Feng 
Published: May 2023

A new enantioselective open‐tubular capillary electrochromatography was developed employing poly(glycidyl methacrylate) nanoparticles/β‐cyclodextrin covalent organic frameworks chemically immobilized on the inner wall of the capillary as a stationary phase. A pretreated silica‐fused capillary reacted with 3‐aminopropyl‐trimethoxysilane followed by poly(glycidyl methacrylate) nanoparticles and β‐cyclodextrin covalent organic frameworks through a ring‐opening reaction. The resulting coating layer on the capillary was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The electroosmotic flow was studied to evaluate the variation of the immobilized columns. The chiral separation performance of the fabricated capillary columns was validated by the analysis of the four racemic proton pump inhibitors including lansoprazole, pantoprazole, tenatoprazole, and omeprazole. The influences of bonding concentration, bonding time, bonding temperature, buffer type and concentration, buffer pH, and applied voltage on the enantioseparation of four proton pump inhibitors were investigated. Good enantioseparation efficiencies were achieved for all enantiomers. In the optimum conditions, the enantiomers of four proton pump inhibitors were fully resolved within 10 min with high resolutions of 9.5–13.9. The column‐to‐column and inter‐ to intra‐day repeatability of the fabricated capillary columns through relative standard deviation were found better than 9.54%, exhibiting satisfactory stability and repeatability of the fabricated capillary columns.
Dispersive solid‐phase extraction of alkaloids and polyphenols using borate hypercrosslinked polymers
Authors: Liu Xiaobing , Wang Pan , Hu Kai , Li Lixin , Yang Cheng , Chen Zhihong , Zeng Huahui , Zhang Zhenqiang 
Published: May 2023

In this study, a borate hyper‐crosslinked polymer was synthesized by crosslinking 1‐naphthalene boric acid and dimethoxymethane via the Friedel‐Crafts reaction. The prepared polymer exhibits excellent adsorption performance toward alkaloids and polyphenols with maximum adsorption capacities ranging from 25.07 to 39.60 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms model results indicated the adsorption was a monolayer and chemical process. Under the optimal extraction conditions, a sensitive method was established for the simultaneous quantification of alkaloids and polyphenols in green tea and Coptis chinensis by coupling with the proposed sorbent and ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography detection. The proposed method exhibited a wide linear range of 5.0–5000.0 ng/ml with R2 ≥ 0.99, a low limit of detection (0.66–11.25 ng/ml), and satisfactory recoveries (81.2%–117.4%). This work provides a simple and convenient candidate for the sensitive determination of alkaloids and polyphenols in green tea and complex herbal products.