bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating DC and AC degradation behaviors to P-type low temperature polycrystalline silicon thin film transistor with fin-like structure
Authors: Chen Po-Hsun , Zheng Yu-Zhe , Yeh Tsung-Han , Nieh Tzu-Yun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Currently, thin film transistor (TFT) based on planar structure is widely used in the applications of display panels. However, when the device is scaling-down, new device structures or novel materials should be introduced. In this work, the low temperature polycrystalline silicon (LTPS) TFT with fin-like structure is investigated. On the basis of electrical measurements, the device features good switching characteristics with low operating voltages. However, the I
d–V
g sweeping result exhibits off-state leakage, which is known as the gate-induced drain leakage (GIDL) current. The GIDL current is increased with the drain bias and the temperature increasing. To observe the GIDL current degradations, different gate biases with negative bias stress and positive bias stress are applied. The results show different degradation behaviors. In addition, bias stresses with DC and AC methods are also applied to verify the device reliability. Both threshold voltage (V
t) shift and sub-threshold swing (S.S.) are also extracted to verify the degradations of the device. Finally, the physical models are also proposed to illustrate the degradation behaviors of the LTPS device with a fin-like structure, which can be beneficial to future related development of LTPS-based devices.
A comprehensive study on ZrO2-ZnO nanocomposites synthesized by the plant-mediated green method
Authors: Barman Subhodeep , Sikdar Suranjan , Das Rahul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Zirconia—zinc oxide (ZrO2-ZnO) nanocomposites with three different amounts of zirconia (ZrO2) contents (5%, 10%, and 15%) were successfully synthesized using the leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (also known as Neem). The prepared nanocomposites were examined from the microstructural and optical point of view. The existence of the mixed phase of hexagonal ZnO together with the tetragonal ZrO2 in each sample was confirmed by the X-ray diffraction data. Rietveld refinement was performed to determine the microstructural parameters. A significant morphological as well as microstructural change was also noticed from SEM and HRTEM images with the admixture of increasing quantities of zirconia. A characteristic metal oxide band within 1000 cm−1, was confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. UV–visible spectra confirm the decrease in optical band gap energy values from 3.30 eV to 3.15 eV for the ZnO phase and from 3.93 eV to 3.73 eV for the tetragonal ZrO2 phase with the increasing amount of ZrO2 admixture into the ZnO host material. All of these findings would likely be useful not only in the manufacture of electronic and optical devices, but would also be useful for water purification through photocatalytic activities.
Microscopic thermal characteristics of parallelly arranged nanowires in a liquid: the role of interface thermal resistance, solid-like liquid layer, and the restricted phonon transport
Authors: Somarathna Chamara , Samaraweera Nalaka , Jayasekara Saliya , Perera Kapila 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Nanofluids based on extended nanostructures, such as nanowires, have been demonstrated improved thermal conductivities (κ). However, the lack of a complete understanding at the microscopic level hinders the development of such nanofluids towards practical applications. We aim to provide it by investigating how the interface thermal resistance (R

b
), ballistic phonon transport, and the solid-like liquid layer affect the heat conduction in nanowire-based nanofluids. By employing Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics (NEMD), it is found that the heat conduction in the parallelly arranged liquid and the nanowires exhibit a coupled thermal behavior owing to the R

b
. This contradicts the predictions of the classical parallel heat conduction model, therefore, a novel model is proposed taking this coupled behavior into account. Using this model, it is shown that the high κ of the solid phase has a limited contribution to the effective κ of nanofluids having short nanowires due to the dominant R

b
effect. For the case of long nanowires, however, the individual nanowire κ becomes a vital parameter defining the effective κ. Further, NEMD calculations reveal that the κ of suspended nanowires in a liquid is markedly reduced, questioning the validity of classical effective medium theories which use the bulk parameters. This reduction is attributed to surface atoms’ restricted vibrational freedom and the nanowire’s phonon-boundary scattering. By substituting this reduced κ of the solid phase into the new mathematical model, the theoretical predictions align closely with the NEMD calculations, exhibiting deviations below 10%. The sole contribution from the solid-like liquid layer to the κ enhancement lies between 20%–30% in the nanofluids presently considered. Therefore, the findings of this study highlight the important roles play by the identified microscopic thermal characteristics in defining the effective κ of nanofluids based on nanowires.
Distinct topological configurations of equatorial timelike circular orbit for spherically symmetric (hairy) black holes
Authors: Ye Xu , Wei Shao-Wen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Topology is a promising approach toward to the light ring in a generic black hole background, and equatorial timelike circular orbit in a stationary black hole background. In this paper, we consider the distinct topological configurations of the timelike circular orbits in static, spherically symmetric, and asymptotic flat black holes. By making use of the equation of motion of the massive particles, we construct a vector with its zero points exactly relating with the timelike circular orbits. Since each zero point of the vector can be endowed with a winding number, the topology of the timelike circular orbits is well established. Stable and unstable timelike circular orbits respectively have winding number +1 and -1. In particular, for given angular momentum, the topological number of the timelike circular orbits also vanishes whether they are rotating or not. Moreover, we apply the study to the Schwarzschild, scalarized Einstein-Maxwell, and dyonic black holes, which have three distinct topological configurations, representations of the radius and angular momentum relationship, with one or two pairs timelike circular orbits at most. It is shown that although the existence of scalar hair and quasi-topological term leads to richer topological configurations of the timelike circular orbits, they have no influence on the total topological number. These results indicate that the topological approach indeed provides us a novel way to understand the timelike circular orbits. Significantly, different topological configurations can share the same topology number, and hence belong to the same topological class. More information is expected to be disclosed when other different topological configurations are present.
Design of Energy-efficient and Energy-efficient Slag Discharge Device for Large-bore Drilling Rigs
Authors: Liu Ruijun , Wang Bingjian , Fu Yanlong , Huang Guanglong , Xu Chunguang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Micro pile hole is a kind of bored pile with a diameter of 100~400mm, which has been widely used in the field of transmission line engineering in recent years, and its hole formation usually uses DTH (Down-the-Hole) drilling rig. When DTH drilling rigs operate, the slag discharge method is to use the compressed air provided by the air compressor to blow the muck directly from the bottom of the hole to the ground. However, during the slag discharge process, it is difficult to blow out the muck due to the large cross-sectional area of the annular space between the hole wall and the drill pipe, especially after a certain drilling depth, and it is even more difficult to discharge if wet soil is encountered. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a machine for auxiliary slag discharge to improve the efficiency of slag discharge and reduce working energy consumption. In this paper, a barrel slag discharge device connected to the end of the drill pipe and following the drill bit to the bottom of the hole is designed, which can collect and store the rock slag that is difficult to discharge directly outside the hole, achieve a good slag discharge effect, and can reduce the energy consumption of the air compressor and reduce the drilling cost. Through the Fujian UHVDC transmission line project, the reliability and practicability of the barrel slag discharge device are verified.
Research on the Application of Industrial Robot Surface Grinding and Polishing Technology in Lithium Battery Cooling Shell
Authors: Fei Qiang , Jin Biao , Zhang Tong , Zhang Heli 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In modern intelligent manufacturing, when using industrial robots to complete precision machining of lithium battery heat dissipation housing materials such as assembly, grinding, polishing, and deburring, it is not only necessary to track the position of the robot’s end effector, but also to consider the contact force generated when the actuator contacts the working environment. This project takes the research on position and force control in robot automatic polishing process as the starting point. Due to the uncertainty and high degree of nonlinearity in the control process, machine vision is introduced into the process of robotic precision machining systems, combining visual inspection systems and feedback control systems to achieve grinding trajectory planning, verify the feasibility of the control scheme, and develop a robotic lithium battery housing material processing experimental platform to meet the requirements for precision machining of the free surface of the lithium battery heat dissipation workpiece, The surface roughness parameters of the lithium battery heat dissipation workpiece after precision machining by the robot should meet the requirements of the arithmetic mean deviation of the contour.
Influence of Different Weld Heat Input on Microstructure and Properties of New Martensitic Heat-resistant Steel Joints by Automatic Welding
Authors: Wang Yiwei , Dong Wangyu , Shang Jianlu , Yang Jia , Sun Bin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this article, the influence of different automatic weld heat input about the microstructure and properties of the joint of new martensitic heat resistant steel of P92 is studied. Based on this, the key factors to obtain excellent quality of P92 joint are proposed. The results show that the weld is tempered martensite microstructure, the grain of Heat-affected zone (HAZ) is finer with the weld heat input lower. The width of the slats and the crystalline size of the coarse-grained zone (CGHAZ) in the weld metal microstructure is gradually larger with the heat input higher. Meanwhile, as the welding heat input increase, the hardness of weld bead in the welded joint of P92 steel has a gradual downward trend, the impact toughness has a significant decrease, and the impact fracture morphology changes from ductile fracture to brittle fracture. Therefore, when the automatic welding technology is used to repair P92, so as to obtain better performance of welded joints, appropriate gas protection flow and welding parameters should be ensured according to welding thickness, and heat input should be strictly controlled.
Study on Flow Resistance Characteristics of Cold Plate in Pump-driven Two-phase Cooling System
Authors: Tang Wenhui , Chen Hao , Xu Pengfei , Dai Shugang , Shen Xiaoqing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper summaries and analyzes the study on the two-phase flow pattern in cold plate in pump-driven two-phase cooling system. Based on the experimental system, the inlet and outlet flow resistance of the cold plate under different conditions is tested and analyzed. Through the experiment to get the cold plate in different heat flux, different inlet flow rate state of inlet and outlet pressure value, the relationship between the flow resistance and the flow rate, the flow resistance and heat flux of cold plate are analyzed and summarized. The experiment results show that the outlet pressure of cold plate is basically unchanged under different heat flux of cold plate, while the inlet pressure of the cold plate rises with the increase of the inlet flow rate of the phase change medium. The inlet pressure will accelerate after exceeding a certain critical flow, and the different heat flux has no effect on the flow resistance of the cold plate.
Study on Wear Behavior of Coatings Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing Technology on the Surface of Guide Shoe of Shearer
Authors: Yang Xiaojun , Zhang Yongshi , Chen Xuan , Wang Yiming , Zhao Liyuan , Wang Xiaonan , Zhang Guoqun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to obtain a fine wear-resistance cladding that can be applied in guide shoe of shearer. The performance of two cladding claddings fabricated by additive manufacturing technology, no chromium-high carbon (NCrHiC) claddings and high chrome-high carbon (HiCrHiC) claddings, was analyzed through a series of characterization experiments (optical microscope, hardness, coefficient of friction, wear rate, and surface morphology). The experimental results show that the NCrHiC cladding has obvious cracks and cracks are not observed on the surface of HiCrHiC cladding. However, the hardness and wear resistance of NCrHiC cladding is better than that of HiCrHiC cladding. The microstructure of NCrHiC cladding is composed of carbides, pearlite and ledeburite, and the one of HiCrHiC cladding is M(Fe, Cr)7C3 carbides and martensite. The worn width of HiCrHiC cladding is higher than that of NCrHiC cladding. Wear mechanism of NCrHiC cladding is abrasive wear while the one of HiCrHiC cladding is adhere wear.
Study on SiC UV/EUV Coaxial Photodetector
Authors: Liu Geng , Yao Liang , Liu Ying , Hong Rongdun , Zhang Ruijun , Zhang Feng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a novel 4H-SiC coaxial p-i-n ultraviolet photodetector with intense photon absorption and high quantum efficiency is studied. The spectral response and electric field distribution of the detector are calculated by TCAD software. The results showed that the innovative 4H-SiC ultraviolet coaxial p-i-n photodetector has a spectral response peak of 0.1998 A/W at 260 nm illumination wavelength and has more than twice response higher than the traditional 4H-SiC p-i-n photodetector, when the illumination wavelength is under 270 nm. The quantum efficiency of the coaxial photodetector reaches 95.3%. Moreover, in the wavelength range of EUV, the 4H-SiC ultraviolet coaxial photodetector shows a relatively high response, while the response is barely observed for the traditional 4H-SiC p-i-n photodetector. For the large area coaxial p-i-n photodetector, the problem of laterally undepleted i layer can be solved by multiple P+-type implanation. The new structure significantly enhances the rate of incident light absorption, prevents the light absorption of the conventional metal electrode and P+ layer, and provides an innovative approach for the construction of ultraviolet photodetectors in the future.
Analysis of Chaos in Three-Level Full-Bridge Converter
Authors: Fan Youpeng , Xu Minmin , Jie Yibing , Wang Jinliang , Rong Xiao , Lv Nina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As an important part in the active magnetic bearing, its performance has great impact on the active magnetic bearing system. Most of the active magnetic bearing systems use current-mode switching power amplifiers. The full-bridge converter is the main topological structure of switching power amplifier for magnetic bearings. It mainly supplies current to the coil so it can offer enough fore to the rotor. It has abundant nonlinear phenomena as the power conversion device of it lies in the nonlinear region. This paper chooses the proportionally controlled three-level switching power amplifier for magnetic bearings under the mode of pulse width modulation (PWM) as the study object, building a discrete mapping model of full-bridge circuit by stroboscopic sampling and conducting analyses on the bifurcation stability and chaotic characteristics based on this model built. It has established the adjustment range of proportional control coefficient and carrier cycle using numerical calculation, with the correctness of the theoretical analysis being verified by simulation and experimental results. Chaotic phenomena can be eliminated by reducing proportional coefficient of current controller and bus voltage, and increasing the carrier frequency, which enhances the stability of the three-level full-bridge converter.
Temperature Simulation and Analysis of Power Lithium-ion Battery Module Based on Two-dimensional CFD Thermal Model
Authors: Lin Ruizhe , Jin Biao , Zhou Wentao , Cao Jingquan , Fei Qiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The power lithium battery generates a lot of heat during working, whose heat dissipation performance will directly affect its working performance and safety. In order to study the heat dissipation characteristics of lithium batteries, In this paper, a battery module structure based on phase change material(PCM) was designed, and a two-dimensional battery heat generation model and a heat transfer model based on PCMs were established. Then, the geometric model, grid division and grid size correlation verification were carried out using ANSYS simulation software. Under comprehensive consideration of computational efficiency and accuracy, 0.5mm was selected as the grid division size. Finally, for the charging and discharge cycle, the temperature field of the battery module based on composite phase change material(CPCM) composed of pure graphite material and expanded graphite, and paraffin is simulated respectively. At the same time, the influence of ambient temperature on the heat dissipation performance of battery module with PCM was studied. when the ambient temperature is set to be 17°C, 27 °C and 37 °C respectively, the maximum temperature of the battery module base on PCM is 199°C, 211°C and 223°C respectively, and the maximum temperature difference is 162°C, 164°C and 165 °C respectively. The results show that the heat dissipation performance of the battery module with CPCM is better than that of PCM under cycle conditions. What’s more, the higher the ambient temperature is, the higher the temperature of the battery module is. The research results in this paper can provide a certain reference for the thermal management design of the battery.
Structural, electrochemical sensor and photocatalytic activity of combustion synthesized of novel ZnO doped CuO NPs
Authors: Rudresha K , Hussain A Zahir , Ravikumar C R , Alam Mir Waqas , Amulya M A Shilpa , Kumar A Naveen , Duke Defaru Negera , Murthy H C Ananda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
CuO nanoparticles doped with various concentrations of ZnO (5, 10, and 15 mol%) were synthesized by using the solution combustion method. The as-synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by x-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and UV–Vis spectroscope. The XRD analysis revealed that the physical parameters such as crystallite size and lattice parameters of CuO nanoparticles were affected after the doping of ZnO. The UV–Vis spectrum analysis showed an enhanced absorption spectrum and narrowed down the bandgap of CuO from 2.6 eV to 2.16 eV with ZnO doping and resulted in an increasing optical activity. The photocatalytic activities of the as-synthesized sample were investigated by the photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes such as direct green (DG) and fast blue (FB) under UV light irradiation. The highest photocatalytic efficiency is obtained with ZnO (10 mol%) doped CuO at 95.15% and 76.4% for DG and FB dyes. The electrochemical properties of CuO and Zn-CuO nanoparticles were performed using cyclic voltammetry and the results confirmed the enhancement of the redox potential output. These CuO@ZnO electrodes also displayed an enhanced capacity to detect an extremely dangerous chemical like arsenic.
Atmospheric pressure pulsed modulated arc discharge plasma
Authors: LI 李 Ji 寄 , TANG 唐 Jingfeng 井峰 , ZHANG 张 Haoran 浩然 , WANG 王 Lu 璐 , JI 纪 Tianyuan 添源 , YU 于 Daren 达仁 , ZHU 朱 Ximing 悉铭 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Direct-current (DC) arc plasma has great application values in the field of the chemical industry, but it has the problem of low energy efficiency. Facing the requirement for improving the energy efficiency of the arc, this paper proposes a unique method of pulsed modulated arc (PMA). This method uses high-frequency pulses and reduces the arc current to improve the control of electron temperature. The electrical characteristics, optical characteristics and products are tested. The test results show that during the PMA process, all of the experimental results which include voltage, current and light will significantly increase. These results are analyzed from the perspective of functionality, repeatability and energy conversion. The analysis results show that although the PMA method does not show good parameter consistency, it has potential application prospects because it increases the energy conversion rate by 4.5% and 8% from the perspective of light and products, respectively.
Neppur si muove! Reply to Correia and Rosenkranz
Authors: Loss Roberto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Correia and Rosenkranz have recently argued in Analysis (2020, 2022) that tense realism (understood as the view that there is a real difference between past, present and future) entails realism about temporal passage (and thus the idea that there is some change in which time is the present time). I argue that their argument is either unsound or question-begging.