bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single atom solutions for carbon dioxide capture
Authors: Zhang Chen , Zhou Chenyang , Li Yuan , Yu Yunsong , Zhang Jingfeng , Zhang Zaoxiao , Wang Geoff 
Published: February 2023

New solvents are considered to be one of the effective methods to facilitate the reaction rate and lower the reaction energy barrier. However, the common method to develop a new solvent has come to a dead end. Thus, a single atom in solvent to produce a single atom solution is designed to create the breakthrough. Eight kinds of single atom solutions are prepared as new absorbents. Experiments prove the single atom in the solutions and their charge-producing effects. A density functional theory model is developed to analyze the microscale characteristics. Meanwhile, it has been applied in carbon dioxide capture. The CO2 desorption rate is intensified in the single atom solution system due to the controlled reaction energy barrier. The results show that single atom solutions produce a maximum voltage of 2.12 V and, thus, contribute to near zero energy consumption by effectively harvesting the substantial waste heat below 373 K.
Bound states in the continuum enabling ultra-narrowband perfect absorption
Authors: Zong Xueyang , Li Lixia , Liu Yufang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Resonant dielectric metasurfaces have been demonstrated to hold a great promise for manipulation of light-wave dispersion at the nanoscale due to their resonant photonic environment and high refractive index. However, the efficiency of devices based on dielectric nanostructures is usually limited by the quality (Q) factor of their resonant modes. The physics of the bound sates in the continuum (BICs) provide an elegant solution for control over the Q factor of resonant modes. Here, by engineering the substrate of Si-based metasurfaces, we demonstrate two eigenmodes that exhibit an intrinsic magnetic dipole (MD)character and have an infinite radiation lifetime. We reveal that they are characterized by in-plane and out-of-plane MD modes and respectively correspond to two groups of BICs, that is, Fabry–Pérot BICs and symmetry-protected BICs. Using temporal coupled-mode theory and numerical simulations, we show that these BIC modes can transform into high-Q quasi-BIC resonances with near-unity absorption under normal incidence through tuning structural parameters. Our work provides a promising route to use BIC-inspired metasurfaces for designing ultra-narrowband absorbers which can be used as absorption filters, photodetectors, and sensors.
Neural bases of loss aversion when choosing for oneself versus known or unknown others
Authors: Arioli Maria , Basso Gianpaolo , Baud-Bovy Gabriel , Mattioni Lorenzo , Poggi Paolo , Canessa Nicola 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Despite the ubiquitous interdependence between one’s own decisions and others’ welfare, and the controversial evidence on the behavioral effect of choosing for others, the neural bases of making decisions for another versus oneself remain unexplored. We investigated whether loss aversion (LA; the tendency to avoid losses over approaching equivalent gains) is modulated by (i) choosing for oneself, other individuals, or both; (ii) knowing or not knowing the other recipients; or (iii) an interaction between these factors. We used fMRI to assess the brain activations associated with choosing whether to accept or reject mixed gambles, either for oneself, for another player, or both, in 2 groups of 28 participants who had or had not briefly interacted with the other players before scanning. Participants displayed higher LA for choices involving their payoff compared with those affecting only the payoff of other, known, players. This “social” modulation of decision-making was found to engage the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and its inhibitory connectivity to the middle cingulate cortex. This pattern might underpin decision-making for known others via self-other distinction processes associated with dorsomedial prefrontal areas, with this in turn promoting the inhibition of socially oriented responses through the downregulation of the midcingulate node of the empathy network.
Evaluation of a Statewide Online, At-Home Sexually Transmitted Infection and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Screening Program
Authors: Higgins David M , Moore MaShawn , Alderton Lucy , Weinberg Laura , Hickok Andrew M , Yale Andrew , Wendel Karen A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Innovative approaches such as online, at-home programs may address important barriers to sexually transmitted infection (STI) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening in the United States. This study evaluated the first year of an online, at-home program offering HIV and triple-site (urogenital, rectal, and pharyngeal) gonorrhea (GC) and chlamydia (CT) testing in Colorado.

Methods
Test Yourself Colorado (TYC) is an online, at-home program that provides free mailed HIV tests and/or GC/CT tests to Colorado adults. Program use and outcomes between 1 June 2021 and 31 May 2022 were analyzed.

Results
A total of 1790 unique clients utilized TYC. Of 1709 clients who ordered HIV tests, 508 (29.7%) were men who have sex with men (MSM), and 41.3% (210/508) of these clients reported having never been tested for HIV before or were not tested in the prior year. Hispanic clients had lower STI test return rates (37.1%; 134/361) compared with non-Hispanic clients (45.9%; 518/1128) (P = .003). Positive STI tests were identified in 9.6% (68/708) of clients. Positive STI tests were more common in MSM clients (15.7%; 34/216) compared with all other sexual orientations (6.9%; 34/492) (P &lt; .001). STI treatment was confirmed in 80.9% (55/68) of clients.

Conclusions
The TYC online, home testing portal is a scalable tool that reaches clients at risk of STIs and HIV and navigates those with positive STI tests to treatment. HIV/STI home testing programs need to further assess and address utilization and outcomes for disparities by race and ethnicity to assure programs equitably benefit all at-risk communities.
Beta-blockers in atrial fibrillation—trying to make sense of unsettling results
Authors: Meyer Markus , Lustgarten Daniel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAtrial fibrillation is closely associated with heart failure and adversely affects outcomes. Beta-blockers are strongly recommended to avoid rapid ventricular conduction and tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy. In this Viewpoint article, we discuss an emerging body of evidence that questions beta-blockers as a preferred rate-control therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation.
Opportunities and challenges for improving fisheries management through greater transparency in vessel tracking
Authors: Orofino Sara , McDonald Gavin , Mayorga Juan , Costello Christopher , Bradley Darcy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhen fisheries managers cannot see who is fishing or where fishing occurs, their scope for management interventions is limited. This lack of transparency in spatial fishing activity is considered a key enabler of illegal fishing and overfishing and hinders managers and consumers who aim to achieve sustainable fisheries. Increasing transparency in vessel location tracking is gaining momentum as a promising way to improve management of global fisheries. However, the mechanisms through which transparency in vessel activity can improve management have not been carefully studied. This paper provides a conceptual overview of the potential for greater transparency, both in quantity of vessels tracked and availability of data, from vessel tracking to help achieve sustainable fisheries goals. We identify four pathways through which these data can improve fisheries management and the conditions that enable transparency to be an effective governance tool. We qualitatively examine the costs and benefits of alternative models of transparency, including a hypothetical, fully transparent system. We highlight how potential costs and benefits of greater transparency depend on both governance context and management goals, and identify opportunities for future research to address key information gaps.
Estimating the effect of physical activity on cognitive function within the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Campbell Thomas , Cullen Breda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Physical activity (PA) has been associated with benefits for cognitive function (CF), but previous estimates of the strength of this relationship may have been biased due to limitations in statistical modelling practices that are common among observational studies. We aimed to address this by using a rigorously constructed conceptual causal model to guide an empirical analysis estimating the effect of PA on CF in the UK Biobank cohort of middle-aged and older adults.

Methods
This study analysed a subsample of 334 227 adults from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study. PA was measured subjectively by self-report and by device using accelerometry, and CF was measured using objective cognitive tests. Composite CF measures were derived to represent general and domain-specific performance. Effect coefficients were estimated using regression models, adjusting for a wide range of confounders specified by the assumed causal model, including genetic risk factors, and relevant health, sociodemographic and behavioural variables from across the lifespan.

Results
Results indicated very small effect sizes (standardized mean difference estimates all &lt;0.01) of inconsistent direction, for both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.

Conclusions
The expected protective effect of PA on CF was not observed. This may reflect selection bias within UK Biobank, or the relatively young age of the sample at follow-up.
Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein–RNA interaction by guanosine oligomeric RNA
Authors: Sekine Ryoya , Tsuno Satsuki , Irokawa Hayato , Sumitomo Kazuhiro , Han Tianxue , Sato Yusuke , Nishizawa Seiichi , Takeda Kouki , Kuge Shusuke 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The interaction of the β-coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid (N) protein with genomic RNA is initiated by specific RNA regions and subsequently induces the formation of a continuous polymer with characteristic structural units for viral formation. We hypothesized that oligomeric RNAs, whose sequences are absent in the 29.9-kb genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2, might affect RNA–N protein interactions. We identified two such hexameric RNAs, In-1 (CCGGCG) and G6 (GGGGGG), and investigated their effects on the small filamentous/droplet-like structures (&lt; a few μm) of N protein–genomic RNA formed by liquid–liquid phase separation. The small N protein structures were sequence-specifically enhanced by In-1, whereas G6 caused them to coalesce into large droplets. Moreover, we found that a guanosine 12-mer (G12, GGGGGGGGGGGG) expelled preexisting genomic RNA from the small N protein structures. The presence of G12 with the genomic RNA suppressed the formation of the small N protein structures, and alternatively apparently altered phase separation to induce the formation of large droplets with unclear phase boundaries. We showed that the N-terminal RNA-binding domain is required for the stability of the small N protein structures. Our results suggest that G12 may be a strong inhibitor of the RNA–N protein interaction.
Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula after lumbar discectomy surgery: a case report
Authors: Tang Kai , Zhang Yong-bao , Fang Jie , Shi Tao , Shen Chen-yang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula (IAVF) is an unusual and potentially fatal complication of lumbar spinal surgery. A 62-year-old patient presented with a history of dyspnea, left lower limb edema and coughing. A physical exam showed bilateral basal rales in the lungs, abdominal bruit and bilateral lower limb pitting edema. A computed tomography angiograph revealed an arteriovenous communication between the right internal iliac artery and the left common iliac vein. The patient was diagnosed with an IAVF, which developed post-lumbar disc surgery. The patient underwent a successful endovascular treatment by using covered stent at the common iliac artery with embolism of lumbar artery. The patient’s symptoms were relieved 2 months after surgery.
Colistin resistance mechanisms in Gram-negative bacteria: a Focus on Escherichia coli
Authors: Abavisani Mohammad , Bostanghadiri Narjess , Ghahramanpour Hossein , Kodori Mansoor , Akrami Fariba , Fathizadeh Hadis , Hashemi Ali , Rastegari-Pouyani Mohsen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli strains have rapidly increased worldwide, and effective antibiotic therapeutic options are becoming more restricted. As a polymyxin antibiotic, colistin has a long history of usage, and it is used as a final line of treatment for severe infections by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) with high-level resistance. However, its application has been challenged by the emergence of E. coli colistin resistance. Hence, determining the mechanism that confers colistin resistance is crucial for monitoring and controlling the dissemination of colistin-resistant E. coli strains. This comprehensive review summarizes colistin resistance mechanisms in E. coli strains and concentrates on the history, mode of action, and therapeutic implications of colistin. We have mainly focused on the fundamental mechanisms of colistin resistance that are mediated by chromosomal or plasmid elements and discussed major mutations in the two-component systems (TCSs) genes and plasmids that transmit the mobilized colistin resistance resistant genes in E. coli strains.
Short time-scale evolution of the polarized radio jet during V404 Cygni’s 2015 outburst
Authors: Hughes A K , Sivakoff G R , Macpherson C E , Miller-Jones J C A , Tetarenko A J , Altamirano D , Anderson G E , Belloni T M , Heinz S , Jonker P G , Körding E G , Maitra D , Markoff S B , Migliari S , Mooley K P , Rupen M P , Russell D M , Russell T D , Sarazin C L , Soria R , Tudose V 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a high time resolution, multifrequency linear polarization analysis of very large array (VLA) radio observations during some of the brightest radio flaring (${\sim } 1 \,{\rm Jy}\,$) activity of the 2015 outburst of V404 Cygni. The VLA simultaneously captured the radio evolution in two bands (each with two 1 GHz base-bands), recorded at 5/7 GHz and 21/26 GHz , allowing for a broadband polarimetric analysis. Given the source’s high flux densities, we were able to measure polarization on time-scales of ${\sim }13\,$ min, constituting one of the highest temporal resolution radio polarimetric studies of a black hole X-ray binary outburst to date. Across all base-bands, we detect variable, weakly linearly polarized emission (${\lt } 1{{ \rm per\ cent}}$) with a single, bright peak in the time-resolved polarization fraction, consistent with an origin in an evolving, dynamic jet component. We applied two independent polarimetric methods to extract the intrinsic electric vector position angles and rotation measures from the 5 and 7 GHz base-band data and detected a variable intrinsic polarization angle, indicative of a rapidly evolving local environment or a complex magnetic field geometry. Comparisons to the simultaneous, spatially-resolved observations taken with the Very Long Baseline Array at 15.6 GHz , do not show a significant connection between the jet ejections and the polarization state.
All-sky modelling requirements for Bayesian 21 cm power spectrum estimation with bayeseor
Authors: Burba Jacob , Sims Peter H , Pober Jonathan C 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a comprehensive simulation-based study of the bayeseor code for 21 cm power spectrum recovery when analytically marginalizing over foreground parameters. To account for covariance between the 21 cm signal and contaminating foreground emission, bayeseor jointly constructs models for both signals within a Bayesian framework. Due to computational constraints, the forward model is constructed using a restricted field of view (FoV) in the image domain. When the only Epoch of Reionization contaminants are noise and foregrounds, we demonstrate that bayeseor can accurately recover the 21 cm power spectrum when the component of sky emission outside this forward-modelled region is downweighted by the beam at the level of the dynamic range between the foreground and 21 cm signals. However, when all-sky foreground emission is included along with a realistic instrument primary beam with sidelobes above this threshold extending to the horizon, the recovered power spectrum is contaminated by unmodelled sky emission outside the restricted FoV model. Expanding the combined cosmological and foreground model to cover the whole sky is computationally prohibitive. To address this, we present a modified version of bayeseor that allows for an all-sky foreground model, while the modelled 21 cm signal remains only within the primary FoV of the telescope. With this modification, it will be feasible to run an all-sky bayeseor analysis on a sizeable compute cluster. We also discuss several future directions for further reducing the need to model all-sky foregrounds, including wide-field foreground subtraction, an image-domain likelihood utilizing a tapering function, and instrument primary beam design.
New frontiers of trade and trade policy: digitalization and climate change
Authors: Jones Emily , Adam Christopher 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe global spread of the digital revolution and the need to manage the climate have radically altered the international trade landscape and have rendered the architecture of the World Trade Organization ill-equipped to address emerging regulatory challenges posed by cross-border flows of digital products and by carbon emissions embodied in traded goods and services. This essay reviews the set of papers published in this issue of the Oxford Review of Economic Policy that assess the regulatory challenges presented by these two ‘new frontiers’ of trade and evaluate alternative national and supranational trade and industrial policy responses.
Is Satoyoshi syndrome an autoimmune disease? A systematic review
Authors: Viana Abreu Montanaro Vinícius , Solís-García del Pozo Julián , Falcão Hora Thiago , León Beatriz H , de Cabo Carlos , Solera Javier 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesSatoyoshi syndrome is a rare multisystem disease of presumed autoimmune aetiology. We carried out a systematic review to evaluate the available evidence to support that autoimmune hypothesis.MethodsWe searched for Satoyoshi syndrome cases in PubMed, the Web of Science and Scopus up to January 2022, using keywords ‘Satoyoshi syndrome’ or ‘Komuragaeri disease’. Data on symptoms, associated autoimmune diseases, presence of autoantibodies and response to treatment were collected.ResultsA total of 77 patients from 57 articles published between 1967 and 2021 were included; 59 patients were women. The mean age at diagnosis was 21.2 years. All cases had painful muscular spasms and alopecia. Frequent manifestations included: diarrhoea, malabsorption, growth retardation, amenorrhoea and bone deformity. Satoyoshi syndrome was associated with other autoimmune diseases: myasthenia gravis, autoimmune thyroiditis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, atopic dermatitis, bronchial and lupus erythematosus. Autoantibody determinations were performed in 39 patients, of which 27 had positive results. The most frequently detected autoantibodies were ANAs. Other less frequently found autoantibodies were: anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies, anti-DNA antibodies, antithyroid antibodies, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) and anti-gliadin antibodies. Pharmacological treatment was reported in 50 patients. Most of them improved with CS, immunosuppressants and immunoglobulins, or a combination of these medications.ConclusionSatoyoshi syndrome is associated with other autoimmune diseases and a variety of autoantibodies. Improvement after CS or other immunosuppressant treatment was observed in 90% of cases. These data support an autoimmune aetiology for Satoyoshi syndrome. More studies including systematic determination of autoantibodies in all patients with Satoyoshi syndrome will help us advance in our understanding of this disease.
Transcalar Activism Contesting the Liberal International Order: The Case of the World Congress of Families
Authors: Kalm Sara , Meeuwisse Anna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article explores transnational anti-gender networking promoting “the natural family.” We focus on the World Congress of Families (WCF) and investigate how it is organized transnationally. We draw on international relations theory on challenges to the liberal international order as well as on theories on transcalar activism. The empirical material includes observations from two conferences and material produced by the WCF itself. We discuss the WCF’s role in relation to political polarization, and we also analyze it as a social structure: its actor constellations and new forms of activism. The analysis shows that strategic networking with elites as well as grassroots has rendered the WCF a significant player in global politics.
Characteristics of highly prolific PA authors who contributed research to JAAPA and JPAE
Authors: Bouton Marcia , Halasy Michael 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Highly published physician associate/assistant (PA) researchers were surveyed to quantify experienced support patterns that may inform increased support of PA-led research.

Methods:
Publication volume of authors of research articles published in JAAPA and the Journal of Physician Assistant Education (JPAE) between 2011 and 2020 was recorded. PAs in the upper quartile were emailed surveys containing demographics and 25 Likert-scale questions. Descriptive statistics and binomial exact test were completed.

Results:
Sixty-five of the 73 PAs were contacted by email; 26 participated; and 35% were female. Social support measures were high; respondents were mentors and mentees, who work collaboratively. Material support and educational support measures were lower and most reported no funding nor pay for research; they did not learn research skills in PA school. However, they feel recognized, and find joy in research.

Conclusions:
Successful PA researchers find joy despite low material support regarding funding, pay, and protected time. Women and racial minorities were underrepresented; research is needed to examine potential barriers.
The Laparoscopic Irrigator Aspirator: A Time and Cost Saving Alternative Irrigation Method for Open Fractures
Authors: George Jose , Hoshino Christopher M. , Shymon Stephen J. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
At our institution, the laparoscopic irrigator aspirator (LIA) is used as the primary means of irrigation in open fractures, as it allows for quicker and more efficient irrigation. The purpose of this technical trick is to evaluate the cost and time savings between gravity tubing, pulse lavage, and LIA methods.

Materials and Methods:
The 3 different methods of irrigation, gravity tubing, pulse lavage, and LIA, were set up, and the time to use one 3 L bag of normal saline was recorded for each. The list prices for each method of irrigation were obtained, and the time and cost saved per 3 L bag was multiplied by 3 for the total time and cost 9 L of irrigation.

Results:
The LIA was the most efficient irrigation method and saved 303 seconds over gravity and 534 seconds saved over pulse lavage over 9 L. For cost, the laparoscopic resulted in $156.15 saved over gravity and $332.80 saved over pulse lavage over 9 L when accounting for cost of operating room time and cost of implant. At our institution, 34 open tibia fractures were treated in 2019, which results in 2.86 hours and $5309.10 saved over gravity and 5.04 hours and $11,315.2 saved over pulse lavage by using the LIA.

Conclusions:
Lap irrigation is a viable alternative to gravity tubing and pulse lavage for open fracture irrigation and results in both time and cost savings.