bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma mitochondrial DNA is elevated in maternal serum at first trimester and may serve as a biomarker for prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sahu Dushyant Kumar , Abraham Jessy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe evaluated whether an abundance of first‐trimester plasma mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fragments could predict the risk for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by the late second or early third trimester.MethodsIt was a prospective study wherein we enrolled 150 women in their first trimester of gestation. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was administered both in the first and second trimesters to diagnose GDM.ResultsAmong our cohort, 23 women were diagnosed with GDM in the first trimester and excluded from the study. Of the remaining 127, 29 women were diagnosed with GDM in the second trimester, and 98 women who did not develop GDM served as controls. We amplified blood drawn from each participant during the first trimester for three distinct mtDNA gene sequences: COX, ND4, and D‐loop. An abundance of each mtDNA sequence, estimated by the ΔCt method between mtDNA and 18S rRNA, correlated with GDM occurrence in the late second or early third trimester. There was a significant difference in ΔCt COX between controls and those with GDM occurrence in the second trimester (p = .006). These levels were not associated with age or fasting plasma glucose levels in the first trimester. ΔCt COX could predict GDM with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 40%. Though ΔCt ND4 was higher in the GDM‐positive group, the levels did not reach statistical significance. ΔCt D‐loop was similar in GDM‐positive cases and controls who did not develop GDM during pregnancy.ConclusionsThese results were in plasma samples collected 3 to 4 months before overt hyperglycemia diagnosis suggestive of GDM. The abundance of plasma mtDNA fragments represents a promising cost‐effective, convenient early‐stage biomarker for predicting GDM development. Importantly, it can be administered irrespective of the fasting status of the subject. Further assessment of the predictive capacity of these biomarkers within large, diverse populations is needed for effective clinical utility.
Lung adenocarcinoma with micropapillary and solid patterns: Recurrence rate and trends
Authors: Takeno Naoki , Tarumi Shintaro , Abe Masahiro , Suzuki Yasuhiro , Kinoshita Ichiro , Kato Tatsuya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundLung adenocarcinomas with micropapillary pattern (MP) or solid pattern (SP) have poor prognosis with frequent postoperative recurrence. However, treatment strategies for these histological subtypes have not been established. This study examined the recurrence rates and patterns in patients with these histological subtypes.MethodsOverall, 238 patients with lung adenocarcinoma who underwent radical resection were included. According to the histological subtypes, the patients were classified into three groups: neither MP nor SP (MP−/SP−), MP (MP+), and SP (SP+). The clinical and pathological characteristics and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) were examined in each group. In addition, univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the recurrence factors. The site of recurrence, PD‐L1 expression, and driver mutations were examined in patients with postoperative recurrence.ResultsThe recurrence rates were significantly higher in the MP+ and SP+ groups (p = 0.01). The RFS was significantly shorter in the MP+ and SP+ groups (p < 0.001) than in the MP−/SP− group, especially in pStage 1A (p = 0.001). The relationship between recurrence and pathologic factors was significant for pleural, lymphatic, and vascular invasion, as well as MP in univariate analysis and only for MP in multivariate analysis. Most recurrences were distant metastases in the MP+ and SP+ groups. PD‐L1 was highly expressed in recurrent SP+ cases.ConclusionsEarly‐stage lung adenocarcinoma with MP or SP frequently has postoperative recurrence. Prevention of distant metastases is important in these patients to improve prognosis, and aggressive postoperative chemotherapy may be considered.
Autopsy study of alcohol‐associated unnatural deaths in Thailand, 2007–2019
Authors: Sribanditmongkol Pongruk , Junkuy Anongphan , Homkham Nontiya , Worasuwannarak Wisarn , Hess Jeffrey A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo date, there have been no major studies of alcohol‐associated unnatural deaths in Thailand or South East Asia. Thailand leads South East Asia in per capita alcohol consumption. The objectives of this study were to determine the incidence of alcohol‐associated unnatural deaths in Thailand and their relation to post‐mortem blood alcohol concentration (BAC); to investigate correlations between BAC and selected demographic variables; and to evaluate the incidence of co‐use of alcohol and illicit substances.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective register‐based study of alcohol‐investigated unnatural deaths in Thailand for the period 2007–2019. The core study sample (n = 77,006) was derived from a Thai government computerized database of unnatural‐death autopsies.ResultsOf the total autopsy sample 32.49% was alcohol positive (BAC ≥0.20 g/L). The rate at which male autopsy cases were alcohol positive (35.52%) was approximately twice that of female autopsy cases (16.62%), with males having significantly higher median BAC levels, 1.64 and 1.31 g/L, respectively. The incidence of female alcohol‐positive cases with extremely high BACs (≥3.50 g/L) was comparable to that of male alcohol‐positive autopsies. The rates at which victims of accidents, homicides, and suicides were alcohol positive were 42.44%, 38.81%, and 33.25%, respectively. Drowning fatalities had the highest rate of alcohol detection (49.12%) and the highest median BAC (2.47 g/L). The next highest rate (48.47%) was among road traffic fatalities (RTFs, BAC 1.92 g/L), which accounted for about one‐half of all RTFs and one‐third of all alcohol‐positive autopsies. Of the total alcohol‐positive population, 8.33% tested positive for illicit substances, most commonly methamphetamine/amphetamine.ConclusionsBAC results for the majority of male and female alcohol‐positive victims exceeded the generally accepted threshold for Heavy Episodic Drinking (0.8 g/L) and provided a rare BAC‐documented (≥3.50 g/L) example of gender parity in the incidence of heavy alcohol consumption. The median BAC value for alcohol‐positive RTFs (1.92 g/L) was about 10% higher than in studies in most other countries and about four times greater the Thai legal limit for motor‐vehicle operation (0.50 g/L).
Records of the land planarian Polycladus gayi (Tricladida, Geoplanidae) preying on black snails Macrocyclis peruvianus (Gastropoda, Macrocyclidae)
Authors: Boll Piter K. , Lloncón Yerko , Almendras Diego 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPolycladus gayi is a colourful and easily recognizable land planarian native to the temperate to cold rainforests of the west coast of southern South America, in Chile and Argentina; however, its ecology is poorly understood. Here, we describe the first records of P. gayi preying on a black snail Macrocyclis peruvianus in the wild. Two events were recorded, the first in a healthy forest in Llancahue Alto, Panguipulli, Chile, during the austral summer of 2023, and the second in a mature evergreen forest in the coastal range of La Union, Chile. These records expand our knowledge of the feeding habits and behaviour of P. gayi and add M. peruvianus to its prey list.
Consumers’ valuation of a biofortified crop: Evidence from a laboratory experiment
Authors: Meerza Syed Imran Ali , Mottaleb Khondoker , Dsouza Alwin , Rahaman Md. Shajedur , Sarkar Md. Abdur Rouf 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMalnutrition among women of reproductive age and children remains one of the major issues in developing countries, particularly zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency hinders cognitive and physical development in children as well as adults. This study utilized a non‐hypothetical laboratory valuation experiment to analyze whether positive information about biofortified rice affects consumers’ valuations of biofortified as well as non‐biofortified rice. Specifically, we designed a within‐subject experiment based on Becker‐DeGroot‐Marschak (BDM) auction mechanism to compare consumers’ valuations of zinc‐biofortified and popular non‐biofortified rice varieties before and after exposure to information about the health benefits of zinc‐biofortified rice. We conducted our experiments in randomly selected four districts of Bangladesh, and a total of 134 consumers participated in our study. Results reveal that consumers assign a significant premium to zinc‐biofortified rice when they receive information about zinc‐biofortified rice and its health benefits. Intriguingly, positive information about zinc‐biofortified rice negatively affects the valuation of non‐biofortified rice varieties, suggesting negative spillover effects. Moreover, our results also identify that both the information provision and labeling are important to increase consumer demand for zinc‐biofortified rice.
Do you see what I see? Variation in detection, identification and enumeration of mammals during transect surveys
Authors: Goodenough Anne E. , Berry Danielle L. , Carpenter William S. , Dawson Melissa , Furlong Natasha , Lamb Rachel J. , MacTavish Lynne , O'Reilly Niall , Toms Hannah , Whitehead Lauren H. , Hart Adam G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEffective monitoring, management and conservation of wildlife axiomatically depend on accurate data but causes of variation, including inter‐observer variation, are rarely explicitly quantified. Here, under controlled conditions, we demonstrate considerable variation in detection, identification and enumeration of (theoretically) readily identifiable African mammals at a reserve with a known species assemblage. Detection: 97.8% of sightings were missed by ≥1 observer; frequency of detection was affected by observer ID, detection distance, visibility and animal group size. Identification: just 3/14 species were identified consistently at all sightings. Enumeration: lack of consensus for 60.5% of sightings; consensus likelihood was affected by visibility and group size.
Left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy and short QT syndrome due to primary carnitine deficiency
Authors: Hanington Oliver P. , Armstrong Catherine , Pierre Germaine , Stuart Graham , Hancox Jules C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe report the case of a 13‐year‐old female patient presenting with presyncope and palpitations. Her electrocardiogram revealed an abbreviation of the rate‐corrected QT interval with imaging showing significant left ventricular dysfunction. Carnitine levels were measured as part of her diagnostic workup, discovering a rare, reversible cause of short QT syndrome (SQTS) and associated cardiomyopathy—primary carnitine deficiency (PCD) caused by a homozygous mutation in the SLC22A5 gene, leading to an in‐frame deletion mutation (NP_003051.1:p.Phe23del) affecting the organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2) protein. Following the treatment with oral carnitine supplementation, her QT interval returned to within the normal range with significant improvement in left ventricular function.
Initial experience with laparoscopic gastric bypass in an Australian general foregut surgery unit
Authors: Zimmerman Andrew , Bhimani Nazim , Chan Priscilla , Mitchell David , Leibman Steven , Smith Garett 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic gastric bypass (LGB) is an increasingly utilized approach to bariatric surgery in Australia. A high proportion of those procedures are revisional due to Australia's legacy of laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB), which is not the case internationally. The aim of this study was to compare post‐operative outcomes in an Australian general foregut surgery unit against benchmarks published in the literature.MethodsThis is retrospective cohort study of morbidly obese patients undergoing primary or revisional laparoscopic Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (RYGB) or laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) with the two senior authors between 5 May 2015 and 27 June 2019. Perioperative data for the unit's first 100 cases were collected prospectively, stored on a unit database and analysed. Post‐operative complications at 30 days, 90 days, mortality, length of hospital stay, and Defined Adverse Events were chosen as indicators of the perioperative outcome (as defined in the Monash Bariatric Surgery Registry).ResultsIn this cohort, 35% of procedures were RYGB and 65% were OAGB. The majority (58%) were revisional procedures. Most patients (74%) were female. The median age was 50. The comorbidity profile of the population was similar to those published internationally. The median hospital stay was 4 days. There was no mortality. Early complications occurred in 9% of patients, with 3% occurring late.ConclusionOutcomes of our first 100 cases are comparable with those recorded in the literature, notwithstanding a much higher proportion of revisional cases. LGB can be safely introduced in Australian general foregut surgery units by experienced laparoscopic surgeons.
Prognosis of pancreaticoduodenectomy in octogenarians for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with propensity score matched analysis
Authors: Jeong HyeJeong , Lim Soo Yeun , Jeon Hyun Jeong , Yoon So Jeong , Kim Hongbeom , Han In Woong , Heo Jin Seok , Shin Sang Hyun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis retrospective study investigates factors affecting surgical and oncological outcome after performing pancreaticoduodenectomy in octogenarian patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.MethodsFrom January 2009 to December 2018, patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were included. Data were analysed by comparing clinicopathological characteristics, complications, survival, recurrence, adjuvant treatment between octogenarians and the younger group. Propensity score matched analysis was performed due to the small size of the octogenarian group.ResultsA total of 666 patients were included in this study and 24 (3.6%) were included in the octogenarian group. Short term complication rates (P = 0.119) and hospital stay (P = 0.839) did not differ between two groups. Overall survival between the two groups showed significant difference (<80 median 25 months versus ≥80 median 13 months, P = 0.045). However, after propensity score matched analysis, the two groups did not differ in overall survival (<80 median 18 months versus ≥80 median survival 16 months, P = 0.565) or disease‐free survival (P = 0.471). Among the octogenarians, six patients survived longer than 24 months even without satisfying all favourable prognostic factors.ConclusionConsidering the general condition of octogenarians diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, select patients should be treated more aggressively for the best chance of receiving curative treatment.
Antithrombin III supplementation during neonatal and pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Meshulami Noy , Green Robert , Kaushik Shubhi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundBleeding and thrombosis are common extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) complications associated with increased mortality. Heparin is the most commonly used ECMO anticoagulant, employed in 94% of cases. Reduced antithrombin III (AT3) levels could decrease heparin effectiveness. Neonates have inherently lower levels of AT3 than adults, and pediatric patients on ECMO can develop AT3 deficiency. One potential approach for patients on ECMO with AT3 deficiency is exogenous AT3 supplementation. However, there is conflicting data concerning the use of AT3 for pediatric and neonatal patients on ECMO.MethodsWe analyzed the Bleeding and Thrombosis during ECMO database of 514 neonatal and pediatric patients on ECMO. We constructed daily regression models to determine the association between AT3 supplementation and rates of bleeding and thrombosis. Given the physiological differences between pediatric patients and neonates, we constructed separate models for each.ResultsAT3 administration was associated with increased rates of daily bleeding among pediatric (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.59, p < 0.01) and neonatal (aOR 1.37, p = 0.04) patients. AT3 supplementation did not reduce the rate of thrombosis for either pediatric or neonatal patients.ConclusionAT3 administration was associated with increased rates of daily bleeding, a hypothesized potential complication of AT3 supplementation. In addition, AT3 supplementation did not result in lower rates of thrombosis. We recommend clinicians utilize caution when considering supplementing patients on ECMO with exogenous AT3.
Similar 5‐year HCC occurrence in Tenofovir‐ and Entecavir‐treated HBV chronic infection in the French AFEF/ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort
Authors: Pol Stanislas ,   ANRS/AFEF study group
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection results in a high risk of cirrhosis and its complications, cirrhosis decompensation (DC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver transplantation (LT), death or any of these outcomes (composite endpoint [CE]). Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUCs) such as tenofovir or entecavir are associated with a reduction in these complications.AimTo compare the impact of tenofovir and entecavir on these outcomes in patients treated for HBV infection and included in the prospective Hepather cohort.MethodsAll patients with HBV infection who had received tenofovir or entecavir for more than 6 months at or after entry in the ANRS CO22 cohort were selected. Patients with HDV and HCV co‐infection or prior liver event were excluded. Incidence rates of events were compared using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPW).ResultsThe cohort included 1800 patients (986 tenofovir and 814 entecavir). Median follow‐up was 4.2 years. The incidences of HCC, DC, LT, ACD, LRD and CE were not different between tenofovir‐ (1.8 (0.9; 3.2), 0.6 (0.2; 1.6), 0.2 (0.0; 0.8), 1.7 (0.8; 3.0), 0.8 (0.2, 1.8) and 4.1 (3.0; 5.4) per 1000 person‐years) and entecavir‐treated patients (1.6 (0.7; 3.0), 0.7 (0.2; 1.8), 0.2 (0.0; 1.0), 3.0 (1.7, 4.8), 0.5 (0.1; 1.5) and 5.0 (3.3; 7.2)) per 1000 person‐years, respectively.ConclusionThe risk of liver‐related events or death was not different between tenofovir‐ and entecavir‐treated patients in this large prospective cohort of predominantly non‐cirrhotic French patients.Trial registration number: NCT019553458.
Editorial: non‐selective beta blockers—in and out of circulation
Authors: Kimer Nina , Mortensen Christian , Hobolth Lise 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Sasso & Rockey papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16156 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16242
Editorial: anti‐TNF agents against vedolizumab as a second‐line treatment? Not surprising tie game
Authors: Roblin Xavier , Paul Stéphane , Nancey Stéphane 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Rundquist et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16193 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16241
Editorial: defining a microbial signature to predict non‐response to a FODMAP diet—a step closer or is it?
Authors: Halmos Emma P. 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Chumpitazi et al and Chumpitazi & Shulman papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16024 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16244
Editorial: will clusters for anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and fatigue symptoms predict treatment outcomes in functional dyspepsia?
Authors: Veldhuyzen Van Zanten Sander 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Barberio et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16184 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16247
Letter: how frequently does COVID‐19 mimic an IBD flare when community transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2 is active?
Authors: O’Morain Neil , Coe Carolann , Mallon Patrick , Twomey Patrick , De Gascun Cillian F. , Doherty Glen A. 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Taxonera et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15804
Editorial: non‐selective beta blockers—in and out of circulation. Authors' reply
Authors: Sasso Roula , Rockey Don 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Sasso & Rockey and Kimer et al. papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16156 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16199
Editorial: time trends in colectomy rates for ulcerative colitis in England—mixed methods brings mixed messages?
Authors: Bodger Keith 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Worley et al and Worley & Faiz papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16202 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16256
Editorial: proton pump inhibitor use in cirrhosis—a piece of the puzzle
Authors: Celsa Ciro , Cammà Calogero 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Rocco et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16239 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16254
Letter: the improvement of sarcopaenia after TIPSS might result from survivor bias
Authors: Chen Ruanqin , Gao Yuan , Li Xiaolou 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Artru et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16080 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16274
Letter: liver involvement and mortality in COVID‐19—the role of anti‐viral therapy should be considered
Authors: Boglione Lucio , Rostagno Roberto , Poletti Federica , Moglia Roberta , Bianchi Bianca , Esposito Maria , Biffi Stefano , Borrè Silvio 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Ponziani et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15996
Cross‐linkage between bacterial taxonomy and gene functions: a study of metagenome‐assembled genomes of gut microbiota in adult non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Canivet Clemence M. , David Norma , Pailhoriès Helene , Briand Martial , Guy Cynthia D. , Bouchez Olivier , Hunault Gilles , Fizanne Lionel , Lannes Adrien , Oberti Frederic , Fouchard Isabelle , Calès Paul , Diehl Anna Mae , Barret Matthieu , Boursier Jerome 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundThe reconstruction of metagenome‐assembled genomes (MAGs) has emerged as a powerful approach for combining the taxonomic and functional content of microbial populations.AimTo use this new approach to highlight mechanisms linking gut microbiota to NAFLD severityMethodsStool samples were collected from 96 NAFLD patients on the day of liver biopsy. Shotgun DNA sequencing of the gut microbiota was performed on an Illumina HiSeq3000 system. Contigs were binned into MAGs according to their co‐abundances and tetranucleotide frequencies using Metabat v.0.32.4. Predicted protein‐coding genes were clustered in orthologous groups (OGs) with DIAMOND against the EggNOG v4.5 database. Liver biopsies were read in accordance with the NASH CRN classification.ResultsFifty‐four patients had NASH and 44 had significant fibrosis (F ≥ 2). Sequencing of DNA extracted from stools resulted in 13.8 + 3.2 million paired‐end reads per sample. Of the 4,000 reconstructed MAGs, 220 in NASH patients, 192 in non‐NASH patients, 203 in F ≥ 2 patients and 230 in F0‐1 patients had > 70% completeness and < 5% contamination. Within these MAGs, 28 OGs were associated with NASH, 33 with significant fibrosis, and seven with both NASH and significant fibrosis. The study of MAGs showed associations between NAFLD severity and some gut bacteria with microbiota functions related to hydrogen sulfide production, citrate transport, hemicellulose degradation, aldehyde production and vitamin B12 synthesis.ConclusionUsing new metagenomics methods, our study unveils potential mechanisms by which certain bacteria from the gut microbiota could protect or contribute to the development of NASH and liver fibrosis in NAFLD.