bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abordagens de cirurgias plásticas no tratamento de feridas complexas
Authors: Coelho Amanda Maria e Silva , Costa Clara Soares , Andrade Matheus Carvalho Nascimento de , Botelho Thaís Siqueira Camargos e , Coelho Érika Regina 
Published: February 2023

Com o envelhecimento da população, houve um aumento da prevalência de doenças que levam ao surgimento de feridas, como a diabetes, cardiopatias, neoplasias e hipertensão. E que a longo prazo podem se tornar ferimentos que necessitam de intervenção cirúrgica para a resolução do bem-estar do paciente. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender a atuação das cirurgias plásticas, não apenas no âmbito estético, mas também no tratamento de ferimentos complexos. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura. O levantamento bibliográfico foi realizado no período de 2018 a 2023, com consulta nas bases de dados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS): MEDLINE, LILACS, BINACIS e IBECS, por meio dos descritores: “ferimentos e lesões”, “cirurgia plástica” e “tratamento”, em cruzamento com o operador booleano and. A utilização dos descritores resultou em 195 estudos. A seleção deles foi realizada mediante a aplicação dos filtros seguida da leitura dos títulos, resumos e dos textos na íntegra, atendendo aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão estabelecidos. Resultados comprovaram que muitas feridas complexas devem ser tratadas com procedimentos cirúrgicos, visto que apenas medidas clínicas tornam o processo mais demorado. Além disso, desbridamentos, enxertos de pele e retalhos devem ser indicados de maneira precoce. Nessa perspectiva, nota-se a essencialidade do cirurgião plástico no tratamento e na cicatrização. Dessa forma, inúmeras são as técnicas utilizadas para o tratamento de feridas complexas dentro das cirurgias plásticas, garantindo uma cicatrização mais eficiente e indo muito além da estética.
SISTEM PAKAR MENDIAGNOSA PENYAKIT MATA PADA MANUSIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING
Authors: Muafi Muafi , Wijaya Andi , Aziz Vijay Abdul 
Published: February 2023

Sistem pakar merupakan suatu aplikasi komputerisasi yang berusaha menirukan proses penalaran dari seorang ahli dalam memecahkan masalah spesifik dan membuat suatu keputusan atau kesimpulan karena pengetahuannya disimpan didalam basis pengetahuan untuk diproses pemecahan masalah. Dasar dari sistem pakar bagaimana memindahkan pengetahuan yang dimiliki oleh seorang pakar ke komputer dan bagaimana membuat keputusan serta mengambil kesimpulan berdasarkan pengetahuan itu. Seiring berkembangannya zaman, bidang kedokteran telah memanfaatkan teknologi dalam upaya peningkatan pelayanan yang lebih baik dalam pendiagnosaan penyakit, salah satunya penyakit mata. Karena mata merupakan salah satu panca indra yang penting untuk berinteraksi dengan lingkungan sekitar. Jika mata mengalami gangguan dan kita mengabaikannya, bisa saja itu merupakan gejala awal penyakit mata yang dapat berakibat fatal.
Automatic signal quality assessment of raw trans-abdominal biopotential recordings for non-invasive fetal electrocardiography
Authors: Baldazzi Giulia , Sulas Eleonora , Vullings Rik , Urru Monica , Tumbarello Roberto , Raffo Luigi , Pani Danilo 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Wearable monitoring systems for non-invasive multi-channel fetal electrocardiography (fECG) can support fetal surveillance and diagnosis during pregnancy, thus enabling prompt treatment. In these embedded systems, power saving is the key to long-term monitoring. In this regard, the computational burden of signal processing methods implemented for the fECG extraction from the multi-channel trans-abdominal recordings plays a non-negligible role. In this work, a supervised machine-learning approach for the automatic selection of the most informative raw abdominal recordings in terms of fECG content, i.e., those potentially leading to good-quality, non-invasive fECG signals from a low number of channels, is presented and evaluated.Methods: For this purpose, several signal quality indexes from the scientific literature were adopted as features to train an ensemble tree classifier, which was asked to perform a binary classification between informative and non-informative abdominal channels. To reduce the dimensionality of the classification problem, and to improve the performance, a feature selection approach was also implemented for the identification of a subset of optimal features. 10336 5-s long signal segments derived from a real dataset of multi-channel trans-abdominal recordings acquired from 55 voluntary pregnant women between the 21st and the 27th week of gestation, with healthy fetuses, were adopted to train and test the classification approach in a stratified 10-time 10-fold cross-validation scheme. Abdominal recordings were firstly pre-processed and then labeled as informative or non-informative, according to the signal-to-noise ratio exhibited by the extracted fECG, thus producing a balanced dataset of bad and good quality abdominal channels.Results and Discussion: Classification performance revealed an accuracy above 86%, and more than 88% of those channels labeled as informative were correctly identified. Furthermore, by applying the proposed method to 50 annotated 24-channel recordings from the NInFEA dataset, a significant improvement was observed in fetal QRS detection when only the channels selected by the proposed approach were considered, compared with the use of all the available channels. As such, our findings support the hypothesis that performing a channel selection by looking directly at the raw abdominal signals, regardless of the fetal presentation, can produce a reliable measurement of fetal heart rate with a lower computational burden.
Legal issues and underexplored data protection in medical 3D printing: A scoping review
Authors: Pettersson Ante B. V. , Ballardini Rosa Maria , Mimler Marc , Li Phoebe , Salmi Mika , Minssen Timo , Gibson Ian , Mäkitie Antti 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: 3D printing has quickly found many applications in medicine. However, as with any new technology the regulatory landscape is struggling to stay abreast. Unclear legislation or lack of legislation has been suggested as being one hindrance for wide-scale adoption.Methods: A scoping review was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS and Westlaw International to identify articles dealing with legal issues in medical 3D printing.Results: Thirty-four articles fulfilling inclusion criteria were identified in medical/technical databases and fifteen in the legal database. The majority of articles dealt with the USA, while the EU was also prominently represented. Some common unresolved legal issues were identified, among them terminological confusion between custom-made and patient-matched devices, lack of specific legislation for patient-matched products, and the undefined legal role of CAD files both from a liability and from an intellectual property standpoint. Data protection was mentioned only in two papers and seems an underexplored topic.Conclusion: In this scoping review, several relevant articles and several common unresolved legal issues were identified including a need for terminological uniformity in medical 3D printing. The results of this work are planned to inform our own deeper legal analysis of these issues in the future.
Intradiscal treatment of the cartilage endplate for improving solute transport and disc nutrition
Authors: Habib Mohamed , Hussien Shayan , Jeon Oju , Lotz Jeffrey C. , Wu Peter I-Kung , Alsberg Eben , Fields Aaron J. 
Published: February 2023

Poor nutrient transport through the cartilage endplate (CEP) is a key factor in the etiology of intervertebral disc degeneration and may hinder the efficacy of biologic strategies for disc regeneration. Yet, there are currently no treatments for improving nutrient transport through the CEP. In this study we tested whether intradiscal delivery of a matrix-modifying enzyme to the CEP improves solute transport into whole human and bovine discs. Ten human lumbar motion segments harvested from five fresh cadaveric spines (38–66 years old) and nine bovine coccygeal motion segments harvested from three adult steers were treated intradiscally either with collagenase enzyme or control buffer that was loaded in alginate carrier. Motion segments were then incubated for 18 h at 37 °C, the bony endplates removed, and the isolated discs were compressed under static (0.2 MPa) and cyclic (0.4–0.8 MPa, 0.2 Hz) loads while submerged in fluorescein tracer solution (376 Da; 0.1 mg/ml). Fluorescein concentrations from site-matched nucleus pulposus (NP) samples were compared between discs. CEP samples from each disc were digested and assayed for sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) and collagen contents. Results showed that enzymatic treatment of the CEP dramatically enhanced small solute transport into the disc. Discs with enzyme-treated CEPs had up to 10.8-fold (human) and 14.0-fold (bovine) higher fluorescein concentration in the NP compared to site-matched locations in discs with buffer-treated CEPs (p &lt; 0.0001). Increases in solute transport were consistent with the effects of enzymatic treatment on CEP composition, which included reductions in sGAG content of 33.5% (human) and 40% (bovine). Whole disc biomechanical behavior—namely, creep strain and disc modulus—was similar between discs with enzyme- and buffer-treated CEPs. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the potential for matrix modification of the CEP to improve the transport of small solutes into whole intact discs.
An insight into gut microbiota and metabolites in the mice with adenomyosis
Authors: Chen Peipei , Wang Kun , Zhuang Mingyan , Fu Xianyun , Liu Shidan , Chen Minmin , Lei Ya 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundAdenomyosis (AM) is a benign uterine disease characterized pathologically by the invasion of endometrial tissue into the myometrium. The pathogenesis of AM is still far from clear. Although the gut microbiome and metabolomics are thought to contribute to a variety of diseases, the role of them in AM has not been revealed.ObjectiveTo investigate changes in the gut microbiota and derived metabolites in AM mice.MethodFemale ICR mice were randomly assigned to AM and control groups, and pituitary transplantation was employed to perform AM modeling. Then, the fecal samples were obtained for microbial (16S rRNA gene sequencing) and metabolomic (liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, LC-MS) analysis.ResultThe results of gut microbiota analysis showed that the intestinal microbiota composition of AM mice was altered. The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in AM group increased compared with the control group. Sixty differential expressed metabolites were identified in intestinal metabolites, mainly involved in steroid hormone biosynthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolism, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism. Further, correlation analysis verified that L-methionine and L-cystine were negatively correlated with Bacteroides and positively correlated with Desulfovibrio. The Pregnenolone, Androsterone glucuronide, and Testosterone glucuronide were negatively correlated with Unidentified_Ruminococcaceae and Alistipes, whereas they positively correlated with Bacteroides.ConclusionAM mice have a unique gut microbiome and intestinal metabolites.
QCR7 affects the virulence of Candida albicans and the uptake of multiple carbon sources present in different host niches
Authors: Zeng Lingbing , Huang Yongcheng , Tan Junjun , Peng Jun , Hu Niya , Liu Qiong , Cao YanLi , Zhang Yuping , Chen Junzhu , Huang Xiaotian 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundCandida albicans is a commensal yeast that may cause life-threatening infections. Studies have shown that the cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 gene (QCR7) of C. albicans encodes a protein that forms a component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III, making it an important target for studying the virulence of this yeast. However, to the best of our knowledge, the functions of QCR7 have not yet been characterized.MethodsA QCR7 knockout strain was constructed using SN152, and BALb/c mice were used as model animals to determine the role of QCR7 in the virulence of C. albicans. Subsequently, the effects of QCR7 on mitochondrial functions and use of carbon sources were investigated. Next, its mutant biofilm formation and hyphal growth maintenance were compared with those of the wild type. Furthermore, the transcriptome of the qcr7Δ/Δ mutant was compared with that of the WT strain to explore pathogenic mechanisms.ResultsDefective QCR7 reduced recruitment of inflammatory cells and attenuated the virulence of C. albicans infection in vivo. Furthermore, the mutant influenced the use of multiple alternative carbon sources that exist in several host niches (GlcNAc, lactic acid, and amino acid, etc.). Moreover, it led to mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, the QCR7 knockout strain showed defects in biofilm formation or the maintenance of filamentous growth. The overexpression of cell-surface-associated genes (HWP1, YWP1, XOG1, and SAP6) can restore defective virulence phenotypes and the carbon-source utilization of qcr7Δ/Δ.ConclusionThis study provides new insights into the mitochondria-based metabolism of C. albicans, accounting for its virulence and the use of variable carbon sources that promote C. albicans to colonize host niches.
Preoperative ultrasound identification and localization of the inferior parathyroid glands in thyroid surgery
Authors: Chen Ruyue , Zhang Kaining , Liu Ju , Guo Ling , Liu Kailin , Geng Chong 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe parathyroid glands are important endocrine glands for maintaining calcium and phosphorus metabolism, and they are vulnerable to accidental injuries during thyroid cancer surgery. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the application of high-frequency ultrasound imaging for preoperative anatomical localization of the parathyroid glands in patients with thyroid cancer and to analyze the protective effect of this technique on the parathyroid glands and its effect on reducing postoperative complications.Materials and methodsA total of 165 patients who were operated for thyroid cancer in our hospital were included. The patients were assigned into two groups according to the time period of surgery: Control group, May 2018 to February 2021 (before the application of ultrasound localization of parathyroid in our hospital); PUS group, March 2021 to May 2022. In PUS group, preoperative ultrasound was used to determine the size and location of bilateral inferior parathyroid glands to help surgeons identify and protect the parathyroid glands during operation. We compared the preoperative ultrasound results with the intraoperative observations. Preoperative and first day postoperative serum calcium and PTH were measured in both groups.ResultsOur preoperative parathyroid ultrasound identification technique has more than 90% accuracy (true positive rate) to confirm the location of parathyroid gland compared to intraoperative observations. Postoperative biochemical results showed a better Ca2+ [2.12(0.17) vs. 2.05(0.31), P=0.03] and PTH [27.48(14.88) vs. 23.27(16.58), P=0.005] levels at first day post-operation in PUS group compared to control group. We also found a reduced risk of at least one type of hypoparathyroidism after surgery in control group:26 cases (31.0%) vs. 41 cases (50.6%), p=0.016.ConclusionUltrasound localization of the parathyroid glands can help in the localization, identification and in situ preservation of the parathyroid glands during thyroidectomy. It can effectively reduce the risk of hypoparathyroidism after thyroid surgery.
Clinical features and genetic spectrum of Chinese patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia: A 14-year study
Authors: Yu Weiyi , He Ji , Liu Xiangyi , Wu Jieying , Cai Xiying , Zhang Yingshuang , Liu Xiaoxuan , Fan Dongsheng 
Published: February 2023

Background: Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) constitutes a group of clinically and genetically rare neurodegenerative diseases characterized by progressive corticospinal tract degeneration. The phenotypes and genotypes of HSP are still expanding. In this study, we aimed to analyse the differential diagnosis, clinical features, and genetic distributions of a Chinese HSP patients in a 14-year cohort and to improve our understanding of the disease.Methods: The clinical data of patients with a primary diagnosis of HSP at the initial visit to the Department of the Neurology, Peking University Third Hospital, from 2008 to 2022 were retrospectively collected. Next-generation sequencing gene panels (NGS) combined with a multiplex ligation-amplification assay (MLPA) were conducted. Epidemiological and clinical features and candidate variants in HSP-related genes were analyzed and summarized.Results: 54 cases (probands from 25 different pedigrees and 29 sporadic cases) from 95 patients with a primary diagnosis of HSP were finally confirmed to have a clinical diagnosis of HSP based on clinical criteria, including their clinical findings, family history and long-term follow-up. Earlier disease onset was associated with longer diagnostic delay and longer disease duration and was associated with a lower risk of loss of ability to walk independently. In addition, 20 candidate variants in reported HSP-related genes were identified in these clinically diagnosed HSP patients, including variants in SPAST, ALT1, WASHC5, SPG11, B4GALNT1, and REEP1. The genetic diagnostic rate in these 54 patients was 35.18%.Conclusion: Hereditary spastic paraplegia has high clinical and genetic heterogeneity and is prone to misdiagnosis. Long-term follow-up and genetic testing can partially assist in diagnosing HSP. Our study summarized the clinical features of Chinese HSP patients in a 14-year cohort, expanded the genotype spectrum, and improved our understanding of the disease.
Association of normal weight obesity phenotype with inflammatory markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mohammadian Khonsari Nami , Baygi Fereshteh , Tabatabaei-Malazy Ozra , Mohammadpoor Nami Sahar , Ehsani Amir , Asadi Sasan , Qorbani Mostafa 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundIndividuals with normal weight could suffer from obesity based on their body fat percentage (also known as normal weight obesity (NWO)), thus being at risk of significant morbidity and mortality compared to the general population. It seems that inflammatory pathways and chronic inflammation are significant contributors to the pathogenicity of NWO. This study aimed to assess and pool the association of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines with NWO.MethodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, online international databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar) were searched until August 2022. All observational studies with an English full text comparing the mean levels of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., C-reactive protein (CRP), various types of interleukins (IL) s, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)) and white blood cell (WBC) count, in subjects with NWO and “normal weight non-obese (NWNO)” were included. Two researchers independently screened, reviewed and assessed the quality of included studies. The remaining articles’ data were extracted post-screening. The heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the I2 and Cochran’s Q tests. A random effect model meta-analysis was used to pool the standardized mean difference (SMD) as an effect size.ResultsFrom the initial 559 studies, 21 and 19 were included in the qualitative and quantitative synthesis, respectively. In the systematic review, 8 studies reported a significant association between various proinflammatory cytokines (CRP, IL6, IL1β, and TNFα) and NWO. According to random-effect meta-analysis, the association between NWO with CRP (SMD: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.30, 0.91) and IL6 (SMD: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.14, 1.66) was statistically significant. Moreover, the mean level of TNFα in subjects with NWO and NWNO did not differ significantly (SMD: 0.67, 95% CI: -0.36, 1.70).ConclusionThe findings of this study show that NWO was associated with high levels of CRP and IL6. Therefore, inflammatory pathways may play a role in the pathogenicity of NWO.
Effects of low-temperature stress on intestinal structure, enzyme activities and metabolomic analysis of juvenile golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)
Authors: Li Rong-xin , Amenyogbe Eric , Lu Yi , Jin Jing-hui , Xie Rui-tao , Huang Jian-sheng 
Published: February 2023

Water temperature plays a crucial role in the growth, survival, and reproduction of fish species, as they make up the majority of aquatic fauna. In this study, the effects of low temperature were studied on the functional state of juvenile golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) under low-temperature stress. The study was conducted at 28°C in the control group and 18°C in the cold group for 14 d to determine the intestinal tissue, digestive and antioxidant enzyme activities, and metabolites of juvenile fish. The results showed that: (1) the swelling degree of the muscle layer deepened and was congested with a longer low-temperature stress period. The folds were sparse, from slight swelling to shedding and deformation. The intestinal mucosa was necrotic and had vacuoles, and the number gradually increased. Serious erosion of the villi occurred. (2) The specific activities of digestive enzymes showed a downward trend. (3) The intestinal superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity showed an upward trend. The intestinal catalase (CAT) activity showed a downward trend. (4) Compared with the control group, there were 28 metabolites in the cold group showing significant differences, among which Z, 11Z, 14Z-eicosatrienoic acid, stearic acid, and adrenic acid showed an upward trend. In contrast, spermidine and uracil showed a downward trend. Among the enriched metabolic pathways, the main differential pathways were unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and β-alanine metabolism. According to metabolomic analysis, under low-temperature stress, the fish body improved the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids to adapt to a low-temperature environment and consumed spermidine to improve its immune ability to clear the peroxide generated by the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in the body so that the cells were protected from oxidative damage. After 14 days, low-temperature stress affected metabolites and enzyme activity indices in juvenile golden pompano. Low-temperature stress causes changes in intestinal antioxidants and digestive enzymes and damage intestinal tissues. As a result of this exploration of how low temperatures affect the juvenile golden pompano, the foundation is laid for future studies, such as the molecular mechanisms of low-temperature adaptation in fish species.