bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbiota‐derived butyrate dampens linaclotide stimulation of the guanylate cyclase C pathway in patient‐derived colonoids
Authors: Velez Lopez Alejandro , Waddell Amanda , Antonacci Simona , Castillo Daniel , Santucci Neha , Ollberding Nicholas J. , Eshleman Emily M. , Denson Lee A. , Alenghat Theresa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground & AimsDisorders of gut‐brain interaction (DGBI) are complex conditions that result in decreased quality of life and a significant cost burden. Linaclotide, a guanylin cyclase C (GCC) receptor agonist, is approved as a DGBI treatment. However, its efficacy has been limited and variable across DGBI patients. Microbiota and metabolomic alterations are noted in DGBI patients, provoking the hypothesis that the microbiota may impact the GCC response to current therapeutics.MethodsHuman‐derived intestinal organoids were grown from pediatric DGBI, non‐IBD colon biopsies (colonoids). Colonoids were treated with 250 nM linaclotide and assayed for cGMP to develop a model of GCC activity. Butyrate was administered to human colonoids overnight at a concentration of 1 mM. Colonoid lysates were analyzed for cGMP levels by ELISA. For the swelling assay, colonoids were photographed pre‐ and post‐treatment and volume was measured using ImageJ. Principal coordinate analyses (PCoA) were performed on the Bray–Curtis dissimilarity and Jaccard distance to assess differences in the community composition of short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing microbial species in the intestinal microbiota from pediatric patients with IBS and healthy control samples.Key ResultsLinaclotide treatment induced a significant increase in [cGMP] and swelling of patient‐derived colonoids, demonstrating a human in vitro model of linaclotide‐induced GCC activation. Shotgun sequencing analysis of pediatric IBS patients and healthy controls showed differences in the composition of commensal SCFA‐producing bacteria. Butyrate exposure significantly dampened linaclotide‐induced cGMP levels and swelling in patient‐derived colonoids.Conclusions & InferencesPatient‐derived colonoids demonstrate that microbiota‐derived butyrate can dampen human colonic responses to linaclotide. This study supports incorporation of microbiota and metabolomic assessment to improve precision medicine for DGBI patients.
Diel and seasonal stem growth responses to climatic variation are consistent across species in a subtropical tree community
Authors: Zhou Bo , Sterck Frank , Kruijt Bart , Fan Ze‐Xin , Zuidema Pieter A. 
Published: September 2023

Summary
Understanding how intra‐annual stem growth responds to atmospheric and soil conditions is essential for assessing the effects of climate extremes on forest productivity. In species‐poor forests, such understanding can be obtained by studying stem growth of the dominant species. Yet, in species‐rich (sub‐)tropical forests, it is unclear whether these responses are consistent among species.
We monitored intra‐annual stem growth with high‐resolution dendrometers for 27 trees belonging to 14 species over 5 yr in a montane subtropical forest. We quantified diel and seasonal stem growth patterns, verified to what extent observed growth patterns coincide across species and analysed their main climatic drivers.
We found very consistent intra‐annual growth patterns across species. Species varied in the rate but little in the timing of growth. Diel growth patterns revealed that – across species – trees mainly grew before dawn when vapour pressure deficit (VPD) was low. Within the year, trees mainly grew between May and August driven by temperature and VPD, but not by soil moisture.
Our study reveals highly consistent stem growth patterns and climatic drivers at community level. Further studies are needed to verify whether these results hold across climates and forests, and whether they can be scaled up to estimate forest productivity.
A new set of international Leptosphaeria maculans isolates as a resource for elucidation of the basis and evolution of blackleg disease on Brassica napus
Authors: Van de Wouw Angela P. , Scanlan Jack L. , Al‐Mamun Hawlader A. , Balesdent Marie‐Hélène , Bousset Lydia , Burketová Lenka , del Rio Mendoza Luis , Fernando W. G. Dilantha , Franke Coreen , Howlett Barbara J. , Huang Yong‐Ju , Jones E. Eirian , Koopmann Birger , Lob Suhaizan , Mirabadi Ali Z. , Nugent Bridgit C. , Peng Gary , Rossi Franco R. , Schreuder Huibrecht , Tabone Annie R. , Van Coller Gert J. , Batley Jacqueline , Idnurm Alexander 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA collection of isolates of the fungi Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa, which cause blackleg disease on Brassica napus (canola/oilseed rape) and other Brassicaceae species, was assembled to represent the global diversity of these pathogens and a resource for international research. The collection consists of 226 isolates (205 L. maculans and 21 L. biglobosa) from 11 countries. The genomes of all 205 L. maculans isolates were sequenced, and the distribution and identity of avirulence gene alleles were determined based on genotypic information and phenotypic reactions on B. napus lines that hosted specific resistance genes. Whilst the frequencies of some avirulence alleles were consistent across each of the regions, others differed dramatically, potentially reflecting the canola/oilseed rape cultivars grown in those countries. Analyses of the single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) diversity within these L. maculans isolates revealed geographical separation of the populations. This "open access" resource provides a standardized set of isolates that can be used to define the basis for how these fungal pathogens cause disease, and as a tool for discovery of new resistance traits in Brassica species.
Ghrelin is related to lower brain reward activation during touch
Authors: Pfabigan D. M. , Frogner E. R. , Schéle E. , Thorsby P. M. , Skålhegg B. S. , Dickson S. L. , Sailer U. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe gut hormone ghrelin drives food motivation and increases food intake, but it is also involved in the anticipation of and response to rewards other than food. This pre‐registered study investigated how naturally varying ghrelin concentrations affect the processing of touch as a social reward in humans. Sixty‐seven volunteers received slow caressing touch (so‐called CT‐targeted touch) as a social reward and control touch on their shins during 3T functional imaging on two test days. On one occasion, participants were fasted, and on another, they received a meal. On each occasion, plasma ghrelin was measured at three time points. All touch was rated as more pleasant after the meal, but there was no association between ghrelin concentrations and pleasantness. CT‐targeted touch was rated as the most pleasant and activated somatosensory and reward networks (whole brain). A region‐of‐interest in the right medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) showed lower activation during all touches, the higher the ghrelin concentrations were. During CT‐targeted touch, a larger satiety response (ghrelin decrease after the meal) was associated with higher mOFC activation, and this mOFC activation was associated with higher experienced pleasantness. Overall, higher ghrelin concentrations appear to be related to a lower reward value for touch. Ghrelin may reduce the value of social stimuli, such as touch, to promote food search and intake in a state of low energy. This suggests that the role of ghrelin goes beyond assigning value to food reward.
Health inequities in dialysis care: A scoping review
Authors: Purcell Lindsey Kay , Schnitker Joseph William , Moore Ty Michael , Peña Andriana Mercedes , Love Mitchell Faris , Ford Alicia Ito , Vassar Benjamin Matt 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMain ProblemWe aim to look at potential gaps in current dialysis literature on inequities and explore future research that could contribute to more equitable care.MethodsFollowing guidelines from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA‐ScR), we conducted a scoping review of health inequities in dialysis. PubMed and Ovid Embase were searched in July 2022 for articles published between 2016 and 2022 that examined at least one of the following NIH defined health inequities: race/ethnicity, sex/gender, LGBTQ+ identity, underserved rural populations, education level, income, and occupation status. Frequencies of each health inequity as well as trends over time of the four most examined inequities were analyzed.ResultsIn our sample of 69 included studies, gaps were identified in LGBTQ+ identity and patient education. Inequities pertaining to race/ethnicity, sex/gender, underserved rural populations, and income were sufficiently reported. No trends between inequities investigated over time were identified.ConclusionsOur scoping review examined current literature on health inequities pertaining to dialysis and found gaps concerning LGBTQ+ and patients with lower levels of education. To help fill these gaps, and possibly alleviate additional burden to these patients, we recommend cultural competency training for providers and dialysis center staff as well as community‐based educational programs to improve dialysis patients' health literacy.
Missed nursing care in relation to registered nurses' level of education and self‐reported evidence‐based practice
Authors: Falk Ann‐Charlotte , Boström Anne‐Marie , Nymark Carolin , von Vogelsang Ann‐Christin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatient safety is one of the cornerstones of high‐quality healthcare systems. Evidence‐based practice is one way to improve patient safety from the nursing perspective. Another aspect of care that directly influences patient safety is missed nursing care. However, research on possible associations between evidence‐based practice and missed nursing care is lacking.AimThe aim of this study was to examine associations between registered nurses' educational level, the capability beliefs and use of evidence‐based practice, and missed nursing care.MethodsThis study had a cross‐sectional design. A total of 228 registered nurses from adult inpatient wards at a university hospital participated. Data were collected with the MISSCARE Survey‐Swedish version of Evidence‐Based Practice Capabilities Beliefs Scale.ResultsMost missed nursing care was reported within the subscales Basic Care and Planning. Nurses holding a higher educational level and being low evidence‐based practice users reported significantly more missed nursing care. They also scored significantly higher on the Evidence‐based Practice Capabilities Beliefs Scale. The analyses showed a limited explanation of the variance of missed nursing care and revealed that being a high user of evidence‐based practice indicated less reported missed nursing care, while a higher educational level meant more reported missed nursing care.Linking evidence to actionMost missed nursing care was reported within the subscales Planning and Basic Care. Thus, nursing activities are deprioritized in comparison to medical activities. Nurses holding a higher education reported more missed nursing care, indicating that higher education entails deeper knowledge of the consequences when rationing nursing care. They also reported varied use of evidence‐based practice, showing that higher education is not the only factor that matters. To decrease missed nursing care in clinical practice, and thereby increase the quality of care, educational level, use of evidence‐based practice, and organizational factors must be considered.
Performance of Finned Absorber Plate Solar Air Heater Having Multiple Triangular Air Flow Passages in Parallel Under Transition to Turbulent Flow Condition
Authors: Karwa Rajendra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the results of thermal performance study of a solar air heater having absorber plate with inclined fins fitted in equilateral triangular flow passages in parallel using the governing equations under transition to turbulent flow and compares the same with the conventional solar air heater having low aspect ratio rectangular air flow duct at equal pumping power condition. The equal pumping power condition for the equilateral triangular passages of width w and rectangular duct height H has been found to be w = 2.65 H. The finned absorber plate solar air heater has been found to provide 7.3–25.8% better thermal efficiency than the conventional air heater because of the substantial increase in the effective heat transfer surface area due to the fins. The effects of variation of design, ambient, and operating parameters on the performance of the finned solar air heater show that the triangular passage width w must be increased with the increase in the collector length L to satisfy the condition of equal pumping power according to the relation w3/L2.75 = constant. The results of the present study can be utilized for the development of enhanced-performance finned solar air heater with triangular passages.
Hydrodynamic Response Analysis of Ultra-Deep Water FPSO System Using Ansys Aqwa, Wamit, and HydRA
Authors: Sridhar K. , Sannasiraj S. A. , Sundaravadivelu R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Offshore energy resources are essential to the growth of a future civilization. For offshore production, deep and ultradeep water fields are an ideal option. FPSOs are the most commonly installed platform compared to the other types. In this paper, the numerical hydrodynamic response analysis of an FPSO system has been performed using ANSYS Aqwa, Wamit, and HydRA. ANSYS Aqwa is a commercial software used widely in the offshore industry for offshore structure hydrodynamic analyses. WAMIT is the most efficient tool for examining wave interactions with offshore platforms and other structures or vessels. HydRA (Hydrodynamic Response Analysis) is a code developed at IIT Madras that simulates marine and offshore structure linear and nonlinear dynamics. The motion response study of the FPSO platform has been conducted without mooring lines at 2100m water depth and for two different load cases of ballast loaded and fully loaded condition, with the wave headings of 90°. The experimental results of a model study conducted for the FPSO model in the wave basin, IIT Madras have been compared and validated with numerical results of the fully loaded case. Finally, the compatibility of the numerical tools used for the hydrodynamic analysis has been discussed.
Interceptor Effect on Lift and Drag in High Speed Planing Hull
Authors: J. Suneela , Korra Naveen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper an attempt has been made to study the effectiveness of interceptor on lift and drag as this device is nowadays used by both partial and dynamic lift crafts. There is change in pressure distribution at the stern region where interceptor is fitted which helps in the lift of vessel. This study focuses on the effect of interceptor in high speed planing hull with 20deg deadrise angle based on experimental, numerical and empirical approaches. Experiments were conducted in the Towing Tank facility, Department of Ocean Engineering at IIT Madras and numerical simulations were carried out in still water condition for the cases of the hull with and without interceptor. Results showed good reduction in resistance and trim of the vessel when fitted with interceptor in planing regime. Savitsky empirical relations for bare hull and Steen empirical equations for hull with interceptor are used to estimate lift and drag on the vessel. The results of this study show that interceptor creates more lift on the vessel due to the pressure created at the stern region which helps in drag reduction and further in better control of trim on the vessel. Measurements were also made to confirm that interceptor has an effect on the dynamic lift of the hull and hence a change in resistance resulting in control of the trim angle.
Modelling and Operation of a Hybrid LNG Propulsion Tugboat
Authors: Mohamed Roslan Sharul Baggio , Konovessis Dimitrios , Ang Joo Hock , Menon Nirmal Vineeth , Tay Zhi Yung 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The need to reduce ship emissions and the increase in fuel oil prices has driven the interest in incorporating alternative energy solutions to traditional power systems in the maritime industry. In this paper, a hybrid energy system of liquified natural gas (LNG) and batteries for a tugboat is developed and studied. The flexibility of the load allocation is believed to reduce fuel consumption and emission as the tugboats with dynamic power profiles benefited from splitting the load among the multiple power sources. The hybrid system model is created in MATLAB/Simulink®. In addition, fuel data recorded from an operational diesel propulsion tugboat is used where the generated operational data are replicated in the Simulink model before any further analysis and comparisons are conducted. The LNG-hybrid system is tested in three different configurations without the battery in both fixed speed and variable speed, and with a battery. The daily fuel cost, CO2 emissions, energy efficiency operation indicator (EEOI) and CII ratings are then calculated for the different configurations in three different operation cases for comparison studies. The results demonstrate that an average reduction of CO2 by 64.7% and a lowering average of daily fuel cost by 67.5% for an LNG battery hybrid tugboat are achieved as compared to a diesel system.
Inspection Planning in the Marine Sector, A Case Study of a Hydrogen-Fueled Fishing Vessel
Authors: Giannini Leonardo , Jafarzadeh Sepideh , Campari Alessandro , Ustolin Federico , Paltrinieri Nicola 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Inspection planning, maintainability and safety aspects are yet to be consolidated topics of hydrogen technologies in most of their applications, including the marine sector. The implementation of electricity in the marine sector is almost only appealing for ferries, which in many cases have daily access to recharge stations. In addition, the climate roadmap of the Norwegian fishing fleet estimates that a low environmental impact technology can contribute to significantly reduce greenhouse emissions, especially carbon dioxide, by 2030. In fact, considering the longer working sessions of fishing vessels, the additional weight of batteries, and the considerable occupied volume, it is more than reasonable to discuss fuel cells as a possible solution. Against this background, this paper discusses a case study of a hydrogen-fueled fishing vessel, focusing on risk-based inspection (RBI) and maintenance planning as a way to significantly decrease safety-related uncertainties and optimize the associated operations. Different hydrogen-induced degradation mechanisms have been considered to investigate how the existing RBI standards might lead to an underestimation of the risks associated with the equipment selected for the fishing vessel. In addition, a discussion regarding the limitations in the applicability of standard RBI planning with respect to hydrogen technologies is carried out as an overall result, along with the limits of the implemented approach.
A Study on the Degree of Bending (DOB) in Two-Planar Tubular DYT-Joints of Offshore Jacket Structures: Geometrical Effects and Fatigue Design Formulation
Authors: Ahmadi Hamid , Karampour Hassan , Ghorbani Mahdi , Fard Hamid 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Through-the-thickness stress distribution in a tubular member has a profound effect on the fatigue behavior of tubular joints commonly found in steel offshore structures. This stress distribution can be characterized by the degree of bending (DoB). Although multi-planar joints are an intrinsic feature of offshore tubular structures and the multi-planarity usually has a considerable effect on the DoB values at the brace-to-chord intersection, few investigations have been reported on the DoB in multi-planar joints due to the complexity of the problem and high cost involved. In the present research, data extracted from the stress analysis of 243 finite element (FE) models, verified based on available parametric equations, was used to study the effects of geometrical parameters on the DoB values in two-planar tubular DYT-joints. Results showed that it is quite common for an axially loaded two-planar DYT-joint to have a low DoB. Therefore, when the current standard HSS-based S-N approach is used for the fatigue analysis of axially loaded two-planar DYT-joints, results should be modified to include the effect of the DoB in order to obtain more accurate fatigue life prediction. It was also concluded that for axially loaded two-planar DYT-joints, the parametric formulas of uniplanar YT-joints are not applicable for the DoB prediction, since such formulas may lead to under-/over-predicting results. Parametric FE study was followed by a set of nonlinear regression analyses to develop six new DoB parametric equations for the fatigue analysis and design of axially loaded two-planar DYT-joints.
A Wave Run-Up Empirical Modelling Comparison Study for a Scale Model Semi-Submersible Floating WTG Platform
Authors: Foster Tegan S. , Ghadirian Amin , Borg Michael , Hyldahl Per C. , Venugopal Vengatesan , Tao Longbin , Johanning Lars 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As part of the ongoing development of the Stiesdal Offshore A/S TetraSub floating offshore wind turbine generator (WTG) platform, this study investigates wave run-up acting on the front cylindrical ballast tanks. Using experimental results from a recent test campaign of a TetraSub variant 1:50 scale model, this work aims to review existing semi-empirical methods for predicting wave run-up.
Moreover, for the defined eight regular wave test cases, predicted theoretical values are compared to the measured values recorded during tank experiments. The outcomes from this investigation will contribute to modelling methods used within future front-end engineering design (FEED) and detailed design stages of floating platforms, in order to develop robust and cost-effective solutions.
Combined Fatigue Damages of Bridges From Wind and Wave Actions: Application to Offshore Bridge Structures
Authors: Knoph Magnus , Sigurdsson Gudfinnur , Devergez Mélanie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Traditionally, fatigue analyses of offshore bridge structures are calculated separately for the wind and the wave load processes. The total accumulated fatigue damage is often calculated by combining the calculated accumulated fatigue damages from these two processes by using analytic expressions. One widely used approach to combine fatigue damage from wind and wave load is the method from DNV-RP-C203 [1]. It is demonstrated that the use of this method may lead to conservative estimations of the fatigue damage for certain hot spots. Applying conservative values for the accumulated fatigue damage may lead to more frequent in-service inspections, as the calculated fatigue damage is the main input to inspection planning. To obtain a more appropriate inspection plan that is optimised regarding both integrity and cost, a new method combining wave and wind fatigue damages for offshore bridges is proposed. The selected case study is based on typical North Sea MetOcean conditions but is generally also applicable for other offshore locations. The new method results in significantly longer calculated fatigue lives for certain hot spots than obtained by using the method from DNV-RP-C203. By applying more accurate and consistent fatigue calculation approach will also lead to more sound and consistent in-service inspection plans for fatigue cracks which may reduce number of unnecessary in-service inspections.