bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in diet, exercise and psychology of the quarantined population during the COVID-19 outbreak in Shanghai
Authors: Qiu Li , Li Chenchen , He Wen , Yin Xuelian , Zhan Lin , Zhang Junfeng , Wang Yanli 
Published: August 2023

Background
In March 2022, a severe outbreak of COVID-19 broke out in Shanghai, with the virus spreading rapidly. In the most severe two months, more than 50,000 people were diagnosed with COVID-19. For this reason, Shanghai adopted three-district hierarchical management, requiring corresponding people to stay at home to contain the spread of the virus. Due to the requirements of prevention and control management, the diet, exercise and mental health of the corresponding population are affected to a certain extent.

Objectives
This article aimed to understand the population in the diet, exercise and psychological changes.

Methods
This study carried out the research by distributing the electronic questionnaire and carried out the statistical analysis.

Results
People reduced the intake of vegetables and fruits (P = 0.000<0.05), people did about an hour less exercise per week on average (P = 0.000<0.05), the number of steps they took per day decreased by nearly 2000 steps (P = 0.012<0.05), and there were significant changes in the way they exercised.

Conclusion
In terms of psychological state, people have some depression, anxiety and easy to feel tired after lockdown. This study can also provide reference for policy adjustment and formulation of normalized epidemic management in the future.
Hydroxychloroquine reduces T cells activation recall antigen responses
Authors: Kowatsch Monika M. , Lajoie Julie , Mwangi Lucy , Omollo Kenneth , Oyugi Julius , Hollett Natasha , Kimani Joshua , Fowke Keith R. 
Published: August 2023

Background
In the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic, there is still limited information about how people suffering from autoimmune diseases respond to the different COVID vaccines. The fact that they are taking an immunosuppressant or other drugs that aim to decrease the immune system activities, such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), could also impact their ability to respond to a COVID vaccine and vaccines in general.

Methods
Heathy donors were given 200mg of HCQ daily for 6-weeks to assess HCQs impact on the systemic T cells and humoral immune response. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and plasma were obtained at baseline and 6-weeks after starting daily HCQ. Flow cytometry assays were designed to determine changes in T cell activation and T cell responses. Bead array multiplex were used to analyse antibodies and cytokine levels before and after HCQ intake.

Results
As anticipated, HCQ treatment decreased ex vivo T cell activation. We observed a decrease in CD4+CD161- expressing CCR5 (p = 0.015) and CD69 (p = 0.004) as well as in CD8+CCR5+ (p = 0.003), CD8+CD161+CCR5+ (p = 0.002) and CD8+CD161+CD95+ (p = 0.004). Additionally, HCQ decreased the proportion of Th17 expressing CD29 (p = 0.019), a subset associated with persistent inflammation. The proportion of T regulatory cells expressing the inhibitory molecule TIGIT was also reduced by HCQ (p = 0.003). As well, T cells from people on HCQ were less responsive to activation and cytokine production following stimulation with recall antigens and memory T cells were less likely to produce both IFNγ and TNFα following stimulation.

Conclusion
This study shows HCQ is associated with lower T cell activation and decreased T cell cytokine production. While this study was not performed with the intent of looking at COVID vaccine response, it does provide important information about the changes in immune response that may occur in patient taking HCQ as a treatment for their autoimmune disease.
Effect of any form of steroids in comparison with that of other medications on the duration of olfactory dysfunction in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review of randomized trials and quasi-experimental studies
Authors: Winn Phyo Zin , Hlaing Thein , Tun Kyaw Myo , Lei Seim Lei 
Published: August 2023

Background
The life quality of about two-thirds of patients with COVID-19 is affected by related olfactory dysfunctions. The negative impact of olfactory dysfunction ranged from the decreased pleasure of eating to impaired quality of life. This research aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the effects of corticosteroid treatments by comparing that to other currently available treatments and interventions.

Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist’s 27-point checklist was used to conduct this review. PubMed (Public/Publisher MEDLINE), PubMed Central and EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Database) databases were conveniently selected and Boolean search commands were used for a comprehensive literature search. Five core search terms were "effects of treatments", " COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction", "corticosteroids", "treatments" and "interventions". The reporting qualities of the included studies were appraised using JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) appraisal tools. The characteristics of the 21 experimental studies with a total sample (of 130,550) were aggregated using frequencies and percentages and presented descriptively. The main interventions and their effects on the duration of the COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction were narratively analyzed.

Results
Among patients with COVID-19, the normal functions of the olfactory lobe were about 23 days earlier to gain with the treatments of fluticasone and triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray compared with that of mometasone furoate nasal spray and oral corticosteroid. The smell loss duration was reduced by fluticasone and triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray 9 days earlier than the inflawell syrup and 16 days earlier than the lavender syrup. The nasal spray of corticosteroids ended the COVID-19-related smell loss symptoms 2 days earlier than the zinc supplementation, about 47 days earlier than carbamazepine treatment and was more effective than palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and luteolin and omega-3 supplementations and olfactory training. Treatment with oral corticosteroid plus olfactory training significantly improved Threshold, Discrimination and Identification (TDI) scores compared with olfactory training alone. A full dose of the COVID-19 vaccination was not uncertain to reduce the COVID-19-related smell loss duration.

Conclusion
Corticosteroid treatment is effective in reducing the duration of COVID-19-related smell loss and olfactory training, the basic, essential and effective intervention, should be used as a combination therapy.
Why not to pick your nose: Association between nose picking and SARS-CoV-2 incidence, a cohort study in hospital health care workers
Authors: Lavell A. H. Ayesha , Tijdink Joeri , Buis David T. P. , Smulders Yvo M. , Bomers Marije K. , Sikkens Jonne J. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Hospital health care workers (HCW) are at increased risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2. We investigated whether certain behavioral and physical features, e.g. nose picking and wearing glasses, are associated with infection risk.

Aim
To assess the association between nose picking and related behavioral or physical features (nail biting, wearing glasses, and having a beard) and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2-infection.

Methods
In a cohort study among 404 HCW in two university medical centers in the Netherlands, SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies were prospectively measured during the first phase of the pandemic. For this study HCW received an additional retrospective survey regarding behavioral (e.g. nose picking) and physical features.

Results
In total 219 HCW completed the survey (response rate 52%), and 34/219 (15.5%) became SARS-CoV-2 seropositive during follow-up from March 2020 till October 2020. The majority of HCW (185/219, 84.5%) reported picking their nose at least incidentally, with frequency varying between monthly, weekly and daily. SARS-CoV-2 incidence was higher in nose picking HCW compared to participants who refrained from nose picking (32/185: 17.3% vs. 2/34: 5.9%, OR 3.80, 95% CI 1.05 to 24.52), adjusted for exposure to COVID-19. No association was observed between nail biting, wearing glasses, or having a beard, and the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Conclusion
Nose picking among HCW is associated with an increased risk of contracting a SARS-CoV-2 infection. We therefore recommend health care facilities to create more awareness, e.g. by educational sessions or implementing recommendations against nose picking in infection prevention guidelines.
#chatsafe 2.0. updated guidelines to support young people to communicate safely online about self-harm and suicide: A Delphi expert consensus study
Authors: Robinson Jo , Thorn Pinar , McKay Samuel , Hemming Laura , Battersby-Coulter Rikki , Cooper Charlie , Veresova Maria , Li Angela , Reavley Nicola , Rice Simon , Lamblin Michelle , Pirkis Jane , Reidenberg Dan , Harrison Vicki , Skehan Jaelea , La Sala Louise 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Young people use social media to communicate about self-harm and suicide and this is associated with both potential risks and protective effects. The #chatsafe guidelines were originally developed in 2018 to equip young people to communicate safely online about suicide. They were shown to be safe, acceptable, and beneficial; however, they do not provide guidance on self-harm, and social media is constantly evolving. This study aimed to update the #chatsafe guidelines to reflect new evidence and current social media affordances, and to include guidance on self-harm.

Methods
A Delphi expert consensus study was conducted, comprising six stages: 1) A systematic search of peer-reviewed and grey literature; 2) A series of roundtables with key stakeholders including social media companies, policymakers, and young people; 3) Questionnaire development; 4) Expert panel formation; 5) Data collection and analysis; and 6) Guideline development.

Results
A total of 191 items were included in the new #chatsafe guidelines. These were organised into eight themes, which became the overarching sections of the guidelines: 1) General tips; 2) Creating self-harm and suicide content; 3) Consuming self-harm and suicide content; 4) Livestreams of self-harm and suicide acts; 4) Self-harm and suicide games, pacts, and hoaxes; 6) Self-harm and suicide communities; 7) Bereavement and communicating about someone who has died by suicide; and 8) Guidance for influencers.

Discussion
The new guidelines include updated and new information on online communication about self-harm, livestreams, games, pacts, and hoaxes, as well as guidance for influencers. They will be disseminated via a national social media campaign and supported by a series of adult-facing resources. Given the acceptability of the original guidelines and the ubiquitous use of social media by young people, it is hoped that the new guidelines will be a useful resource for young people and adults alike, both in Australia and worldwide.
Association between level of compliance with COVID-19 public health measures and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional survey of young adults in Canada and France
Authors: Coulaud Pierre-julien , Jesson Julie , Bolduc Naseeb , Ferlatte Olivier , Bertrand Karine , Salway Travis , Jauffret-Roustide Marie , Knight Rod 
Published: August 2023

Background
While compliance with preventive measures remains central to limit the spread of COVID-19, these measures critically affected mental health of young adults. We therefore investigated the association between the level of compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures and depressive symptoms among young adults in Canada and France.

Methods
From October to December 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey of young adults ages 18–29 years in Canada (n = 3246) and France (n = 2680) to collect demographic data, experiences with COVID-19 preventive measures, and mental health. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Compliance profiles were built using cluster analysis. Weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations between compliance level and major depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score≥15) in each country.

Results
One third of respondents reported major depressive symptoms (Canada: 36.4%, France: 23.4%). Four compliance profiles were identified: high (42.5%), medium-high (21.7%), medium-low (18.1%), and low (17.7%), with high levels more frequently observed in Canada compared to France. In both countries, participants in low compliance profile (Canada: Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) [95% Confidence Interval] 0.75 [0.58, 0.98], France: AOR 0.60 [0.46, 0.75]), in the medium-low (Canada: AOR 0.58 [0.48, 0.72], France: AOR 0.81 [0.66, 1.01]), and medium-high compliance profiles (Canada: AOR 0.78 [0.65, 0.93], France: AOR 0.77 [0.63, 0.93]) were less likely to report major depressive symptoms compared to the high compliance profile. Ethno-racial minorities, sexual and gender minority, and unemployed young adults had higher odds of reporting such symptoms.

Conclusions
Major depressive symptoms were associated with high compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures among young adults. The implementation of socially-isolating measures should be coupled with mental health interventions to address mental health needs of young adults, with enhanced supports for sub-groups who are structurally disadvantaged (e.g., racialized, unemployed, sexual and gender minority).
Tomàs, M. (Ed.: 2023). Metrópolis sin gobierno. La anomalía española en Europa.
Authors: Camerin Federico 
Published: August 2023

Tomàs, M. (Ed.: 2023). Metrópolis sin gobierno. La anomalía española en Europa. Valencia: Tirant lo Blanc. 348 pp., ISBN: 978-84-1963-227-2
Sobre a Educação
Authors: De Lima Rafael Lucas 
Published: August 2023

Resumo: Este artigo pretende contribuir para a elucidação da nossa compreensão sobre a educação, sobre os fenômenos e processos educacionais, que constituem uma ocupação e uma preocupação humana fundamental. O método que utilizamos nesta pesquisa consistiu, num primeiro momento, de uma análise etimológica da palavra latina educo, da qual derivou a palavra educação em português, e, num segundo momento, da interpretação de alguns sentidos da palavra educo à luz de algumas ideias da filosofia da educação, encontradas em cada um dos quatro períodos da história da filosofia. Concluímos constatando que, através de nossa análise, pudemos contribuir para expandir os limites do nosso conhecimento sobre a educação.
Palavras-chave: Educação; Filosofia; Análise Etimológica; Filosofia Da Educação.
On Education
Abstract: This article aims to contribute to elucidate our understanding on the education, the educational phenomena and processes, which constitute a fundamental human occupation and preoccupation. The method we used in this research consisted, in a first moment, of an etymological analysis of the latin word educo, of which derived the word educação in Portuguese, and, in a second moment, of the interpretation of some senses of the word educo in light of some ideas of the philosophy of education, found in each one of the four periods of the history of philosophy. We conclude noting that, through our analysis, we could contribute for the expansion of the limits of our knowledge on education.
Key-words: Education; Philosophy; Etymological analysis; Philosophy of Education.
À propos l’Éducation
Résumé: Cet article vise à contribuer à élucider notre compréhension de l'éducation, des phénomènes et des processus éducatifs, qui constituent une occupation et une préoccupation humaine fondamentale. La méthode utilisée dans cette recherche a consisté, dans un premier temps, en une analyse étymologique du mot latin educo, dont est dérivé le mot éducation en portugais, et, dans un second temps, en l'interprétation de certains sens du mot educo dans le lumière de quelques idées de la philosophie de l'éducation, trouvées dans chacune des quatre périodes de l'histoire de la philosophie. Nous concluons en notant que, par notre analyse, nous avons pu contribuer à repousser les limites de nos connaissances sur l'éducation.
Mots-clés: Éducation; Philosophie; Analyse étymologique; Philosophie de l’Éducation.
Data de registro: 27/02/2022
Data de aceite: 26/10/2022
Conhecimento, Conteúdo e Utopia
Authors: Cezario Maria Angélica 
Published: August 2023

Resumo: O presente texto tem como objetivo expor uma visão sobre como o conhecimento, o conteúdo e a utopia são concebidos dentro das filosofias de Platão (2000; 2016) e Theodor Adorno (2009). Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, que busca articular as ideias dos autores mencionados por meio de um diálogo de considerações que passa, especialmente, pelas ideias platônicas de justiça e verdade, como também pelas ideias adornianas de contradição e não identidade. Este estudo compreende que tais conceitos são importantes para se conhecer verdadeiramente as coisas e, com isso, acessar os seus conteúdos inerentes, como é a perspectiva de uma educação crítica.
Palavras-chave: Conhecimento; Conteúdo; Utopia; Contradição; Verdade.
Knowledge, Contents and Utopia
Abstract: The aim of this text is to expose a view on how knowledge, content and utopia are planned within the philosophies of Plato (2000; 2016) and Theodor Adorno (2009). It is a bibliographical research, which seeks to articulate the ideas of the mentioned authors through a dialogue of considerations that passes, especially, through the platonic ideas of justice and truth, as well as the adornian ideas of contradiction and non-identity. This study understands that such concepts are important to truly know things and, with that, access their inherent contents, as is the perspective of a critical education.
Keywords: Knowledge; Contents; Utopia; Contradiction; Truth.
Saber, Contenidos y Utopía
Resumen: El objetivo de este texto es exponer una mirada sobre cómo se planifican el conocimiento, el contenido y la utopía dentro de las filosofías de Platón (2000; 2016) y Theodor Adorno (2009). Se trata de una investigación bibliográfica que busca articular las ideas de los citados autores a través de un diálogo de consideraciones que transita, especialmente, por las ideas platónicas de justicia y verdad, así como las ideas adornianas de contradicción y no identidad. Este estudio entiende que tales conceptos son importantes para conocer verdaderamente las cosas y, con ello, acceder a sus contenidos inherentes, como es la perspectiva de una educación crítica.
Palabras clave: Conocimiento; Contenido; Utopía; Contradicción; Verdad.

Data de registro: 31/03/2022
Data de aceite: 13/12/2022
As características do direito humano à educação como matriz analítica para estudos sobre consequências da privatização da educação básica
Authors: Silveira Adriana A. Dragone , Adrião Theresa 
Published: August 2023

Resumo: Este ensaio tem por objetivo contribuir para análises sobre as implicações da privatização da educação (BEIFIELD; LEVIN, 2002) para a garantia do direito humano à educação, na perspectiva dos indicadores propostos por Tomasevski (2004) (modelo dos 4 A´s). Tais indicadores, compostos por aspectos quantitativos e qualitativos, abarcam quatro características fundamentais da educação: disponibilidade, acessibilidade, aceitabilidade e adaptabilidade, além do controle social (DE BECO, 2009). O texto traz uma discussão teórica sobre as formas e dimensões da privatização da educação no Brasil (ADRIÃO, 2018) analisadas a partir de indicadores que buscam captar seus efeitos sobre a educação enquanto um direito humano.
Palavras-chave: privatização da educação; direito à educação; educação como direito humano.
The characteristics of education as a human right as analytic lenses to study the privatization of basic education
Abstract: This essay aims to contribute to analyses of the implications of privatizing education (BEIFIELD; LEVIN, 2002) in the enforcement of education as a human right, using the indicators in Tomasevski’s (2004) approach (4-A scheme). Such indicators, comprised of quantitative and qualitative aspects, include four fundamental features of education: availability, accessibility, acceptability, and adaptability—along with social control (DE BECO; 2009). This article theoretically discusses the forms and dimensions of educational privatization in Brazil (ADRIÃO, 2018), analyzed through indicators that seek to capture their effects on education understood as a human right.
Keywords: privatization of education; right to education; education as a human right.
Las características del derecho humano a la educación como matriz analítica para estudios sobre las consecuencias de la privatización de la educación básica
Resumen: Este ensayo pretende contribuir al análisis de las implicaciones de la privatización de la educación (BEIFIELD; LEVIN, 2002) para la garantía del derecho humano a la educación, desde la perspectiva de los indicadores propuestos por Tomasevski (2004) (modelo de las 4 A). Dichos indicadores, compuestos por aspectos cuantitativos y cualitativos, abarcan cuatro características fundamentales de la educación: disponibilidad, accesibilidad, aceptabilidad y adaptabilidad—además del control social (DE BECO, 2009). Este texto trae una discusión teórica sobre las formas y dimensiones de la privatización de la educación en Brasil (ADRIÃO, 2018), analizadas a partir de indicadores que buscan captar sus efectos sobre la educación como derecho humano.
Palabras clave: privatización de la educación; derecho a la educación; derecho humano a la educación.
Data de registro: 27/04/2022
Data de aceite: 26/10/2022