bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defecatory disorders in patients with type 1 diabetes and chronic constipation
Authors: Xiao Alexander H. , Kathavarayan Ramu Shivabalan , Gautam Misha , Bharucha Adil E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and objectivesChronic constipation (CC) may be caused by defecatory disorders (DDs) and associated with reduced rectal sensation. Among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and CC (T1DCC patients), the prevalence of DDs and reduced rectal sensation is unknown. We sought to compare complications of T1D, anorectal dysfunction, and CC symptoms, among T1DCC patients with versus without a DD.MethodsAnorectal pressures at rest and during squeeze and evacuation, as well as rectal sensation and rectal balloon expulsion time (BET) were measured with high‐resolution anorectal manometry in 114 consecutive T1DCC patients.ResultsThirty‐seven patients (32%) had prolonged BET, suggestive of a DD. Complications of T1D included peripheral neuropathy (n = 67, 59%), retinopathy (n = 42, 37%), and nephropathy (n = 26, 23%). Among these complications, only retinopathy was associated with, that is, more prevalent in patients with normal (45%) than prolonged BET (19%). Compared with patients with normal BET, patients with prolonged BET had a lower rectal pressure (mean [SD], 32 [23] mm Hg vs. 23 [19] mm Hg,p = 0.03), greater anal pressure (91 [23] mm Hg vs. 68 [36] mm Hg,p < 0.001), and lower rectoanal gradient (−67 [30] mm Hg vs. −36 [32] mm Hg,p < 0.0001) during evacuation. Anal resting pressure and anal squeeze increment were below normal in 14 (13%) and 32 (29%) of patients and one or more rectal sensory thresholds were above normal in 34 (30%) patients; these abnormalities affected similar proportions in the normal and prolonged BET cohorts.ConclusionsAmong T1DCC patients, 37 (32%) had prolonged BET, which was associated with anorectal pressures indicative of a DD but was not associated with reduced rectal sensation, suggesting that DDs are more likely explained by abdomino‐anal dyscoordination than visceral disturbance.
A Mendelian randomization study on the association of bone mineral density with periodontitis
Authors: Yu Yang , Chu Tengda , Dong Jingya , Deng Hui , Pan Yihuai , Wang Yi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveObservational studies indicated that individuals with osteoporosis could be at an increased risk of periodontitis. This study aimed to investigate whether there is a causal association of bone mineral density (BMD) with periodontitis using Mendelian randomization (MR).Materials and MethodsSummary statistics were sourced from genome‐wide association study on BMD measured at different skeletal sites, including estimated heel BMD (eBMD, N = 426,824), forearm BMD (FA‐BMD, N = 8143), femoral neck BMD (FN‐BMD, N = 32,735), and lumbar spine BMD (LS‐BMD, N = 28,498). Genetic variants of periodontitis (N = 45,563) and loose teeth (N = 461,031) were used as outcome surrogates. Inverse variance weighted meta‐analysis (IVW) was adopted as main analyses. Other sensitivity MR approaches were used to boost power and account for pleiotropy.ResultsIVW results suggested no evidence for a causal association of any phenotypes of BMD with periodontitis (eBMD, odds ratio [OR] = 0.984, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.885–1.083; FA‐BMD, OR = 1.028, 95%CI = 0.864–1.193; FN‐BMD, OR = 1.033, 95%CI = 0.896–1.169; LS‐BMD, OR = 0.991, 95%CI =0.878–1.103; all P > 0.65). Such null associations were consistent through other sensitivity MR approaches. Similarly, no significant causal effects of BMD on loose teeth were found.ConclusionsWithin the limitation of the study, our MR estimates suggested that a decreased BMD is unlikely to substantially increase the risk of periodontitis.
Elbow Kinematics and Function Following Treatment with Open Arthrolysis and Hinged External Fixator
Authors: Ling Ming , Liang Zhenming , Wang Yanmao , Cheng Mengqi , Lu Shengdi , Pan Yao , Hu Hai , Chen Bin , Ding Jian 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveOpen arthrolysis (OA) combined with hinged external fixator (HEF) is a promising surgical option for patients with elbow stiffness. This study aimed to investigate elbow kinematics and function following a combined treatment with OA and HEF in elbow stiffness cases.MethodsPatients treated with OA with or without HEF due to elbow stiffness were recruited between August 2017 and July 2019. Elbow flexion‐extension motion and function (Mayo elbow performance scores, MEPS) were recorded and compared between patients with and without HEF during a 1‐year follow‐up period. Additionally, those with HEF were assessed by dual fluoroscopy at week 6 postoperatively. Flexion‐extension and varus‐valgus motions, as well as ligament insertion distances of the anterior medial collateral ligament (AMCL) and lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL), were compared between the surgical and intact sides.ResultsThis study included 42 patients, of which 12 with HEF demonstrated a similar flexion‐extension angle and range of motion (ROM) and MEPS as the other patients. In patients with HEF, the surgical elbows showed limitations in flexion‐extension (maximal flexion, 120.5° ± 5.3° vs 140.4° ± 6.8°; maximal extension, 13.1° ± 6.0° vs 6.4° ± 3.0°; ROM, 107.4° ± 9.9° vs 134.0° ± 6.8°; all Ps < 0.01) compared with the contralateral sides. During elbow flexion, a gradual valgus‐to‐varus transition of the ulna, increase in the AMCL insertion distance, and steady change in the LUCL insertion distance were observed, with no significant differences between the bilateral sides.ConclusionsPatients treated with OA and HEF demonstrated similar elbow flexion‐extension motion and function to those treated with OA alone. Although the use of HEF could not restore an intact flexion‐extension ROM and might result in some minor but not significant changes in kinematics, it contributed to clinical outcomes comparable to that of the treatment with OA alone.
Is There a “Black Friday” for Geriatric Hip Fracture Surgery?
Authors: Tian Chuwei , Zhu Huanyi , Shi Liu , Chen Xiangxu , Xie Tian , Rui Yunfeng 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesReports show an increase in the short‐term mortality rates of hip fracture patients admitted on weekends. However, there are few studies on whether there is a similar effect in Friday admissions of geriatric hip fracture patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Friday admission on mortality and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with hip fractures.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed at a single orthopaedic trauma centre and included all patients who underwent hip fracture surgery between January 2018 and December 2021. Patient characteristics, including age, sex, BMI, fracture type, time of admission, ASA grade, comorbidities, and laboratory examinations, were collected. Data pertaining to surgery and hospitalization were extracted from the electronic medical record system and tabulated. The corresponding follow‐up was performed. The Shapiro–Wilk test was applied to evaluate the distributions of all continuous variables for normality. The overall data were analyzed by Student's t test or the Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables and the chi‐square test for categorical variables, as appropriate. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to further test for the independent influencing factors of prolonged time to surgery.ResultsA total of 596 patients were included, and 83 patients (13.9%) were admitted on Friday. There was no evidence supporting that Friday admission had an effect on mortality and outcomes, including length of stay, total hospital costs and postoperative complications. However, the patients admitted on Friday had delayed surgery. Then, patients were regrouped into two groups according to whether surgery was delayed, and 317 patients (53.2%) underwent delayed surgery. The multivariate analysis showed that younger age (p = 0.014), Friday admission (p < 0.001), ASA classification III‐IV (p = 0.019), femoral neck fracture (p = 0.002), time from injury to admission more than 24 h (p = 0.025), and diabetes (p = 0.023) were risk factors for delayed surgery.ConclusionsMortality and adverse outcome rates for elderly hip fracture patients admitted on Friday were similar to those admitted at other time periods. However, Friday admission was identified as one of the risk factors for delayed surgery.
The VR leadless pacemaker: Results of an expert panel using the RAND/UCLA method
Authors: Molina‐Linde Juan Máximo , Díaz‐Infante Ernesto , Tercedor‐Sánchez Luis , Baños‐Álvarez Elena , Piedad‐Rosario María , Blasco‐Amaro Juan Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeadless pacemakers were developed to reduce complications associated with transvenous pacemaker implantation and long‐term follow‐up. Existing international guidelines lack detailed instructions on patients suitable for leadless pacemaker implantation. Our aim was to develop a consensus document that provides medical guidance for all health professionals involved in the indication and implantation of Transcatheter Pacing System single‐chamber device (VR leadless) pacemakers for patients with atrial fibrillation or in sinus rhythm.MethodsA panel of experts, including interventional and non‐interventional cardiologists, used the Research ANd Development/University of California at Los Angeles (RAND/UCLA) method to rate the appropriateness of leadless pacemaker implantation for 64 scenarios in patients with atrial fibrillation and 192 scenarios in sinus rhythm. The scenarios were rated individually and again during a moderated group session. Median ratings and level of agreement were calculated to classify each scenario as appropriate, inappropriate, or questionable.ResultsThis consensus statement, based on available literature and the experts’ opinions, summarizes recommendations for standardizing and optimizing leadless pacemaker implantation. The limitation for vascular access via the superior vena cava was the most influential variable when indicating leadless pacemaker implantation in both patients with atrial fibrillation and patients in sinus rhythm.ConclusionsLife expectancy, risk of infection, prosthetic valve, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), limitation for vascular access via the superior vena cava, and mobility and exercise capacity determine who is advised to undergo VR leadless pacemaker implantation. More prospective studies are needed to optimize existing recommendations.
Successful low‐dose immunotherapy after kidney transplantation in a 10‐year‐old girl with Schimke immuno‐osseous dysplasia
Authors: Finsen Stine Høyer , Tepel Martin , Neland Mette , Rittig Søren , Thiesson Helle Charlotte 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis case report highlights a successful steroid‐free, low‐dose immunosuppressive protocol for renal transplantation in a pediatric patient with Schimke immuno‐osseous dysplasia with excellent 7‐year patient and graft survival. Schimke immuno‐osseous dysplasia is a rare multisystem disorder involving the kidney. Renal transplantation is a therapeutic option, but posttransplant mortality is high due to severe infections and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease.MethodsA 10‐year‐old girl diagnosed with Schimke immuno‐osseous dysplasia and end‐stage renal disease underwent an AB0‐compatible living‐related kidney transplantation, with no donor‐specific antibodies. Our standard immunosuppression protocol was modified due to the risk of infection. Basiliximab was used as induction therapy, and a reduced dose of mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus was initiated following transplantation, maintaining the patient on a low tacrolimus target (3–5 μg/L). Mycophenolate mofetil was discontinued after 8 weeks due to neutropenia and the patient was kept on tacrolimus as monotherapy. Five years posttransplant the patient developed acute onset of neurological symptoms, consisting of ataxia, lack of voluntary coordination, balance, aphasia and dysphagia, and diplopia. She recovered without neurological deficits within 6 weeks. Extensive evaluation revealed no pathology. To avoid a possible a component of tacrolimus‐induced cerebral vasoconstriction, the immunosuppressive therapy was changed to everolimus.ResultsSeven years posttransplant, the patient has experienced no serious infections, no rejections, and had excellent graft function, and no de novo donor‐specific antibodies.ConclusionsThe present results indicate that low‐dose immunosuppressive therapy after renal transplantation with low immunological risk should be considered for patients with Schimke immuno‐osseous dysplasia.
Interpersonal stress and nonsuicidal self‐injury disorder in veterans: An ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Halverson Tate F. , Dillon Kirsten H. , Weber Danielle M. , Dennis Paul A. , Beckham Jean C. , Calhoun Patrick S. , Kimbrel Nathan A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroNonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is associated with marked functional impairment and is a robust predictor of suicide attempts. Prevalence rates of NSSI, and self‐directed violence more broadly, are elevated among military veterans. Despite the inclusion of interpersonal difficulty in the diagnostic criteria for NSSI disorder, the relationship between interpersonal risk factors and NSSI is not well‐characterized, especially among veterans. This ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study investigated the hypothesis that interpersonal stressors and associated distress would precede and predict NSSI urge and engagement—but not vice versa—via cross‐lagged multilevel modeling.MethodForty veterans with NSSI disorder completed a 28‐day EMA protocol with three daily prompts assessing NSSI urges, NSSI engagement, the occurrence of interpersonal stressors, and associated subjective interpersonal distress.ResultsInterpersonal stressors preceded and predicted subsequent NSSI urges, but not NSSI engagement, whereas subjective interpersonal distress preceded and predicted both NSSI urges and NSSI engagement.ConclusionResults identified interpersonal stressors as a risk factor for NSSI urges, and interpersonal distress as a risk factor for both NSSI urges and NSSI engagement. Findings highlight the importance of temporally assessing interpersonal factors related to NSSI and suggest that interpersonal distress may be a modifiable risk factor for NSSI.
Mid-Proterozoic geomagnetic field was more consistent with a dipole than a quadrupole
Authors: Gong Zheng , Evans David A.D. , Zhang Zhongtian , Yan Chi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The current morphology of Earth’s time-averaged magnetic field can be approximated to a geocentric axial dipole (GAD), but whether such an approximation remains valid in deep time needs to be investigated. Studies have used paleomagnetic data to reconstruct the ancient field and generally support a GAD morphology since 2 Ga. Recently, the GAD model for mid-Proterozoic time has been challenged, and an alternative model was proposed wherein the mid-Proterozoic field was dominated by a normal-tesseral quadrupole (NTQ) with spherical harmonics of degree l = 2 and order m = 1. We performed forward modeling to quantitatively compare whether a GAD or an NTQ could provide a better fit to mid-Proterozoic paleomagnetic directions. To deal with the ambiguity in plate reconstruction, we first considered data only from Laurentia, and then we expanded the analysis to Baltica by reconstructing its position relative to Laurentia using the geologically based Northern Europe–North America (NENA) configuration. Finally, we included data from Siberia using two reconstruction models. Results showed that in three mid-Proterozoic intervals (1790–1740 Ma, 1485–1425 Ma, 1095–1080 Ma), a GAD morphology gives better, or equally good, fits compared to the NTQ morphology. In addition, a stable NTQ that persisted for hundreds of millions of years is disfavored from a geodynamic perspective. Overall, mid-Proterozoic paleomagnetic directions are more consistent with a dipolar field. We suggest that the GAD remains the most parsimonious model to describe the morphology of the mid-Proterozoic magnetic field.
Geochemical significance of lithium and boron isotopic heterogeneity evolving during the crystallization of granitic melts
Authors: Lei Xiu-Fang , Romer Rolf L. , Glodny Johannes , Jiang Shao-Yong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present Li and B isotope data for muscovite, biotite, and feldspar + quartz separated from two-mica granite and biotite granite samples from the Huayang-Wulong granite suite (south Qinling, central China). Our data demonstrate systematic differences in the Li and B isotopic compositions among these minerals. Our results indicate that early-crystallizing minerals have lower δ7Li and δ11B values than the original melt and that residual melts and late magmatic fluids may acquire anomalously high δ7Li and δ11B values. Furthermore, our data imply that (1) late melts and magmatic fluids do not reflect the composition of their source melt, (2) minerals that crystallized over a large segment of magma evolution may be isotopically zoned, and (3) mineral-selective alteration by late magmatic fluids camouflages the source of the fluid, whose δ7Li and δ11B values reflect the isotopic compositions of the altered minerals rather than the composition of the remaining rock.
Roadblocks and speed limits: Mantle-to-surface volatile flux through the lithospheric-scale Denali fault, Alaska
Authors: Newell Dennis L. , Benowitz Jeff A. , Regan Sean P. , Hiett Coleman D. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Helium and carbon isotopic data from 12 springs along a ~400 km segment of the Denali fault system (Alaska, USA), inform mantle-to-surface connections of this enigmatic structure. Warm springs on the main strand, west of the 2002 M7.9 Denali fault earthquake rupture, have 3He/4He as high as 2.4 RC/RA (air-corrected 3He/4He relative to air ratio) indicating ~30% mantle He. Corresponding δ13C values are −9.1‰ to −7.8‰ (relative to Vienna Peedee belemnite), suggesting that the CO2 at these western springs is partially mantle derived. At the eastern end of the 2002 rupture, Totschunda fault springs have 3He/4He of 0.65–0.99 RC/RA (~8%–12% mantle He), with δ13C values (~0‰) from carbonates. Results confirm the Denali fault system is a lithosphericscale feature tapping mantle volatiles. Springs along the 2002 rupture yield air-like 3He/4He of 1 R/RA and δ13C values from −9.2‰ to −3.4‰, interpreted as representing shallow groundwater circulation through shales and carbonates without mantle contributions. A thrust splay parallel to the rupture zone has air-like 3He/4He, whereas an along-strike high-angle normal splay yields 3He/4He of 1.3 RC/RA (~16% mantle He), implying that flow paths along the ruptured strand are disrupted in the upper 10 km of the fault zone. Because the Denali fault is a lithospheric-scale, transcurrent structure separating North America from independently moving southern Alaska, we suggest that it has characteristics of a transform boundary. The similarity of our results to helium isotope values at analogous tectonic settings suggest that without magmatism influence, there is a maximum mantle fluid flux through continental strike-slip faults.
Formation of Various Antimicrobial Peptide Emericellipsin Isoforms in Emericellopsos alkalina under Different Cultivation Conditions
Authors: Kuvarina A. E. , Sukonnikov M. A. , Rogozhin E. A. , Serebryakova M. V. , Timofeeva A. V. , Georgieva M. L. , Sadykova V. S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicrobiological screening of the target component of emericellipsin A of the Emericellopsis alkalina E101 strain has been carried out in various biotechnological systems at various pHs. The content of emericellipsin A was quantified under these conditions. It has been established that the new approved membrane-liquid cultivation method at pH 10 contributes to an increase in the yield of the main component of emericellipsin A. It has been shown that the new method of cultivating the strain E. alkalina E101 also promotes the synthesis of various isoforms of the main component of emericellipsin A. Some comparative analysis has been carried out.
Acute in-competition medical care at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Tanaka Hideharu , Tanaka Shota , Yokota Hiroyuki , Otomo Yasuhiro , Masuno Tomohiko , Nakano Kousuke , Sugita Manabu , Tokunaga Takahiko , Sugimoto Katsuhiko , Inoue Junichi , Kato Nagisa , Kinoshi Tomoya , Sakanashi Syuji , Inoue Hironori , Numata Hiroto , Nakagawa Koshi , Miyamoto Tetsuya , Akama Takao 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo analyse injuries and illnesses during the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Summer Games.MethodsThis retrospective descriptive study included 11 420 athletes from 206 National Olympic Committees and 312 883 non-athletes. Incidences of injuries and illnesses during the competition period from 21 July to 8 August 2021 were analysed.ResultsA total of 567 athletes (416 injuries, 51 non-heat-related illnesses and 100 heat-related illnesses) and 541 non-athletes (255 injuries, 161 non-heat-related illnesses and 125 heat-related illnesses) were treated at the competition venue clinic. Patient presentation and hospital transportation rates per 1000 athletes were 50 and 5.8, respectively. Marathons and race walking had the highest incidence of injury and illness overall (17.9%; n=66). The highest incidence of injury (per participant) was noted in boxing (13.8%; n=40), sport climbing (12.5%; n=5) and skateboarding (11.3%; n=9), excluding golf, with the highest incidence of minor injuries. Fewer infectious illnesses than previous Summer Olympics were reported among the participants. Of the 100 heat-related illnesses in athletes, 50 occurred in the marathon and race walking events. Only six individuals were transported to a hospital due to heat-related illness, and none required hospital admission.ConclusionInjuries and heat-related illnesses were lower than expected at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Summer Games. No catastrophic events occurred. Appropriate preparation including illness prevention protocols, and treatment and transport decisions at each venue by participating medical personnel may have contributed to these positive results.