bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of hepatoprotective, nephroprotective efficacy, and antioxidative potential of Moringa oleifera leaf powder and ethanolic extract against PCOS‐induced female albino mice (Mus Musculus)
Authors: Khalid Shakeela , Arshad Muhammad , Raza Komal , Mahmood Shahid , Siddique Farzana , Aziz Nida , Khan Sarfraz , Khalid Waseem , AL‐Farga Ammar , Aqlan Faisal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMoringa oleifera is a medicinal plant that has anti‐inflammatory, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, tissue‐protective, and antioxidant activities. Here, we evaluated the protective effect of M. oleifera leaf powder (MoLP) and 70% ethanol M. oleifera leaf extract (MoLE) on mitigating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)‐induced liver and kidney dysfunction via regulating oxidative stress in female albino mice (Mus musculus). The efficacy of M. oleifera was compared with metformin (standard medicine used to treat infertility in women). PCOS was induced by intramuscular injection of testosterone enanthate at 1.0 mg/100 g BW for 35 days. PCOS‐induced mice were treated with MoLP (250 and 500 mg/Kg), MoLE (250 and 500 mg/kg), and metformin (250 mg/kg) orally for 14 days. Renal function test (RFT), liver function test (LFT), and oxidative stress biomarker malondialdehyde (MDA) were quantified in serum at 0, 7, and 14 days of intervention. Mice treated with M. oleifera and metformin showed a significant decrease (p < .001) in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphate (ALP), total bilirubin, urea, creatinine, and a significant increase (p < .001) in total protein, albumin, globulin, and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio. Oxidative stress decreased significantly (p = .00) with respect to treatments, exposure days, and their interaction in metformin and all M. oleifera‐treated groups. M. oleifera leaf powder and extract reduce oxidative stress and enhance nephron‐hepatic activity in PCOS‐induced female albino mice.
Relationship between molecular markers and important fruit‐related traits in almond (Prunus dulcis [Mill.] D.A. Webb syn. P. amygdalus Batsch) as revealed using multiple regression analysis (MRA)
Authors: Khadivi Ali , Mashhadi Zeinab , Hosseini Akram‐Sadat 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlmond (Prunus dulcis [Mill.] D.A. Webb syn. P. amygdalus Batsch) is one of the most important nut crops, and its kernel is the edible part that has a high nutritional value and is used in the confectionery and cosmetics industries. The present research aimed to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers associated with important fruit traits in late‐blooming almond genotypes through multiple regression analysis (MRA). The studied genotypes showed significant differences from each other in terms of the measured fruit‐related traits. The ISSR primers used produced a total of 125 bands in the studied germplasm, of which 112 showed polymorphic bands. The RAPD primers produced a total of 190 DNA fragments, of which 172 fragments showed polymorphism among genotypes. Some polymorphic fragments of ISSR and RAPD showed significant correlations with the fruit traits measured. Some of these informative markers were associated with more than one trait, which could be caused by the pleiotropic effects of quantitative trait loci related to each other in different traits. For instance, some of the markers showed significant correlations with both nut weight and kernel weight, which indicates a positive correlation between these two traits. Informative markers identified in this study can be used to select suitable parents for population generation for mapping. It is also useful for selecting superior genotypes, especially when information about their genetic basis, such as a linkage map, is not available.
Untying the Gordian knot of composite hemangioendothelioma: Discovery of novel fusions
Authors: Linos Konstantinos , Dermawan Josephine K. , Pulitzer Melissa , Hameed Meera , Agaram Narasimhan P. , Agaimy Abbas , Antonescu Cristina R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractComposite hemangioendothelioma is a rare, locally aggressive, and rarely metastasizing vascular neoplasm which affects both children and adults. Recently, a number of gene fusions including YAP1::MAML2, PTBP1::MAML2, and EPC1::PHC2 have been detected in a small subset of cases with or without neuroendocrine expression. Herein, we present four additional cases with novel in‐frame fusions. The cohort comprises two females and two males with a wide age range at diagnosis (24–80 years). Two tumors were deep involving the right brachial plexus and mediastinum, while the remaining were superficial (right plantar foot and abdominal wall). The size ranged from 1.5 to 4.8 cm in greatest dimension. Morphologically, all tumors had an admixture of at least two architectural patterns including retiform hemangioendothelioma, hemangioma, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, or angiosarcoma. The tumors were positive for endothelial markers CD31 (3/3), ERG (4/4), and D2‐40 (1/4, focal), while SMA was expressed in 2/3 highlighting the surrounding pericytes. Synaptophysin showed immunoreactivity in 2/3 cases. One patient had a local recurrence after 40 months, while two patients had no evidence of disease 4 months post‐resection. Targeted RNA sequencing detected novel in‐frame fusions in each of the cases: HSPG2::FGFR1, YAP1::FOXR1, ACTB::MAML2, and ARID1B::MAML2. The two cases with neuroendocrine expression occurred as superficial lesions and harbored YAP1::FOXR1 and ARID1B::MAML2 fusions. Our study expands on the molecular spectrum of this enigmatic tumor, further enhancing our current understanding of the disease.
A Perspective on Removal of Cyanotoxins from Water Through Advanced Oxidation Processes
Authors: Verma Shilpi , Kumar Praveen , Lavrenčič Štangar Urška 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis perspective discusses the challenges associated with the removal of cyanotoxins from raw water sources for drinking water treatment and the emergence of sulfate radical‐based advanced oxidation processes (SR‐AOPs) as an effective treatment technique. The advantage of SR‐AOPs is that they can be activated using a variety of methods, including heat, UV radiation, and transition metal catalysts, allowing for greater flexibility in treatment design and optimization. In addition, the byproducts of SR‐AOPs are less harmful than those generated by •OH‐AOPs, which reduces the risk of secondary contamination. SR‐AOPs generate sulfate radicals (SO4•−) that are highly selective to certain organic contaminants and have lower reactivity to background water constituents, resulting in higher efficiency and selectivity of the process. The presence of natural organic matter and transition metals in the natural water body increases the degradation efficiency of SR‐AOPs for the cyanotoxins. The bromate formation is also suppressed when the water contaminated with cyanotoxins is treated with SR‐AOPs.
Cervical precancer and cancer incidence among insured women with and without HIV in South Africa
Authors: Fernández Villalobos Nathalie Verónica , Ruffieux Yann , Haas Andreas D. , Chinogurei Chido , Cornell Morna , Taghavi Katayoun , Egger Matthias , Folb Naomi , Maartens Gary , Rohner Eliane 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHIV infection increases the risk of developing cervical cancer; however, longitudinal studies in sub‐Saharan Africa comparing cervical cancer rates between women living with HIV (WLWH) and women without HIV are scarce. To address this gap, we compared cervical precancer and cancer incidence rates between WLWH and women without HIV in South Africa using reimbursement claims data from a medical insurance scheme from January 2011 to June 2020. We used Royston‐Parmar flexible parametric survival models to estimate cervical precancer and cancer incidence rates as a continuous function of age, stratified by HIV status. Our study population consisted of 518 048 women, with exclusions based on the endpoint of interest. To analyse cervical cancer incidence, we included 517 312 women, of whom 564 developed cervical cancer. WLWH had an ~3‐fold higher risk of developing cervical precancer and cancer than women without HIV (adjusted hazard ratio for cervical cancer: 2.99; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.40‐3.73). For all endpoints of interest, the estimated incidence rates were higher in WLWH than women without HIV. Cervical cancer rates among WLWH increased at early ages and peaked at 49 years (122/100 000 person‐years; 95% CI: 100‐147), whereas, in women without HIV, incidence rates peaked at 56 years (40/100 000 person‐years; 95% CI: 36‐45). Cervical precancer rates peaked in women in their 30s. Analyses of age‐specific cervical cancer rates by HIV status are essential to inform the design of targeted cervical cancer prevention policies in Southern Africa and other regions with a double burden of HIV and cervical cancer.
Clinical pharmacy services at the Tokyo Olympic and Paralympic Games and the sports pharmacist training program
Authors: Kasashi Kumiko , Suzuki Satomi , Sato Ayaka , Kawaguchi‐Suzuki Marina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrevious studies published on past Olympic and Paralympic Games have reported the role of pharmacists within different disciplines of healthcare services; however, emphasis on their clinical pharmacy services was limited. Furthermore, only a few studies have addressed pharmacists' involvement in sports, with the majority focusing on the organizational and managerial aspects of pharmacies. Sports and other pharmacists are well‐positioned to advise athletes and other healthcare professionals on how to promote and maintain health. Pharmacists should be properly trained in sports medicine.MethodsTo illustrate this point, this review analyzes pharmacy services at polyclinics and medical stations in the athletes' villages at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games, and shares examples of clinical interventions performed by pharmacists. This review also examines the level of satisfaction with their work and educational programs prior to the games.ResultsThese results show that despite coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19)‐related complications in the Tokyo 2020 Games, pharmacists appropriately managed infection control, provided anti‐doping‐based pharmacy services, and implemented clinical interventions. As one of intervention results, 268 inquiries from pharmacists to physicians regarding prescriptions were recorded. Among the most common inquiries regarding prescriptions 89 resulted in changes in quantity and 76 resulted in changes in usage. Simultaneously, the questionnaire administered to the volunteer pharmacists showed a high level of satisfaction with their participation as healthcare professionals and with the pre‐Game training, as well as with their gained knowledge. Furthermore, the need for further extensive training related to rules specific to the Olympic and Paralympic Games was identified.ConclusionWe hope that this review will be useful to future pharmacists pursuing expertise in sports.
Suicide risk profiles among service members and veterans exposed to suicide
Authors: Peterson Amanda , Chen Jason , Bozzay Melanie , Bender Ansley , Chu Carol 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesRates of suicide exposure are high among service members and Veterans and are especially concerning given the link between suicide exposure and subsequent suicide risk. However, to date, it is unclear which individuals who are exposed to suicide are subsequently at high risk for suicide. Latent profile analysis (LPA) can provide information on unique risk profiles and subgroups of service members and Veterans who have higher suicide risk after suicide exposure, which has not yet been empirically studied. The purpose of this study was to utilize LPA to identify subgroups of service members and Veterans who are at the highest risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors following suicide exposure.MethodsWe analyzed data using LPA from 2570 service members and Veterans (82.1% male, 69.5% White, and 12.1% Latino/a/x) who completed the Military Suicide Research Consortium's Common Data Elements, a battery of self‐report suicide‐related measures. Psychopathology, substance use, mental health service utilization, interpersonal theory of suicide, and suicide exposure variables were used to validate classes.ResultsThree latent classes emerged from analyses, one low‐risk class and two‐high risk classes with differing profile compositions (one primarily differentiated by anxiety symptoms and one differentiated by substance use).ConclusionClass‐specific recommendations for suicide prevention efforts will be discussed.
Biofactors regulating mitochondrial function and dynamics in podocytes and podocytopathies
Authors: Hejazian Seyyedeh Mina , Ardalan Mohammadreza , Hosseiniyan Khatibi Seyed Mahdi , Rahbar Saadat Yalda , Barzegari Abolfazl , Gueguen Virginie , Meddahi‐Pellé Anne , Anagnostou Fani , Zununi Vahed Sepideh , Pavon‐Djavid Graciela 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPodocytes are terminally differentiated kidney cells acting as the main gatekeepers of the glomerular filtration barrier; hence, inhibiting proteinuria. Podocytopathies are classified as kidney diseases caused by podocyte damage. Different genetic and environmental risk factors can cause podocyte damage and death. Recent evidence shows that mitochondrial dysfunction also contributes to podocyte damage. Understanding alterations in mitochondrial metabolism and function in podocytopathies and whether altered mitochondrial homeostasis/dynamics is a cause or effect of podocyte damage are issues that need in‐depth studies. This review highlights the roles of mitochondria and their bioenergetics in podocytes. Then, factors/signalings that regulate mitochondria in podocytes are discussed. After that, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction is reviewed in podocyte injury and the development of different podocytopathies. Finally, the mitochondrial therapeutic targets are considered.
P‐Glycoprotein‐Mediated Interaction Is a Risk Factor for QT Prolongation in Concomitant Use of Antipsychotics and SSRIs as P‐Glycoprotein‐Mediated Inhibitors: Analysis of the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database
Authors: Morishita Hiroki , Perera Liyanage Manosika Buddhini , Sunakawa Hiroki , Kimura Satsuki , Yoshida Hitoshi , Ogihara Takuo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe inhibition of human ether‐a‐go‐go‐related gene (hERG) channels is a known cause of QT prolongation triggered by antipsychotic drugs. Our previous studies suggest that P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp)‐mediated drug interactions may lead to increased gastrointestinal absorption of pimozide and its accumulation in cardiomyocytes, thereby enhancing the inhibitory effect of hERG channels. There is a paucity of epidemiological studies examining the risk of QT prolongation by antipsychotic drugs in terms of P‐gp‐mediated interactions with concomitant drugs. Therefore, using the Japanese Adverse Event Reporting Database, we investigated whether the risk of QT prolongation triggered by antipsychotic drugs associated with hERG inhibition is affected by the concomitant use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) associated with P‐gp inhibition. The results showed that the frequency of QT prolongation increased when the antipsychotic drugs quetiapine and sulpiride, which are P‐gp substrates, were combined with SSRIs with P‐gp inhibition. In contrast, no association with QT prolongation was observed in patients on non‐P‐gp‐substrate antipsychotics, irrespective of the P‐gp inhibitory effect of the concomitant SSRI. These results suggest that P‐gp‐mediated interactions are a risk factor for antipsychotic‐induced QT prolongation. There is a need for further investigation into the risks of specific drug combinations.
Synthesis of stable‐isotope‐labeled N‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐N′‐ethylcarbodiimide and N‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐N′‐ethylurea
Authors: Cao Kai , Brailsford John A. , Bonacorsi Samuel J. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryN‐(3‐Dimethylaminopropyl)‐N′‐ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) is a carbodiimide coupling reagent commonly used for the preparation of amides from carboxylic acids and amines. Because of initial concerns regarding the genotoxicity of EDC and its use in GMP syntheses at Bristol Myers Squibb, the quantitation of residual EDC and its by‐product N‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐N′‐ethylurea (EDU) by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LCMS) impurity analysis was required. These analyses required the use of stable‐isotope‐labeled EDC and EDU to serve as internal standards. To meet this need, stable‐isotope‐labeled EDC 9 and EDU 10 were prepared from [1,2‐13C2] ethylene glycol and [13C,15N] potassium cyanide in overall yields of 6% and 8%, respectively.
Particle swarm optimization‐XGBoost‐based modeling of radio‐frequency power amplifier under different temperatures
Authors: Wang Jiayi , Zhou Shaohua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractXGBoost is the optimization of gradient boosting with the best overall performance among machine learning algorithms. By introducing a regularization term into the loss function of gradient boosting, XGBoost can effectively limit the complexity of the model, improve the generalization ability, and solve the overfitting problem. In this paper, XGBoost is first introduced into modeling radio‐frequency (RF) power amplifiers (PA) under different temperatures. Furthermore, the modeling effect of XGBoost is mainly dependent on hyperparameters. As traditional grid search is time‐consuming and labor‐intensive, this paper combines particle swarm optimization (PSO) with XGBoost for searching hyperparameters. The experimental results show that XGBoost can effectively suppress the overfitting problem in gradient boosting while modeling RF PAs in different ambient temperatures. In addition, compared to classic machine learning algorithms, including support vector regression (SVR), gradient boosting, and XGBoost, the proposed PSO‐XGBoost can increase the modeling accuracy by one order of magnitude or more while also increasing the modeling speed by more than one magnitude or more. The PSO‐XGBoost model proposed in this paper can be introduced into modeling other microwave/RF devices and circuits to improve modeling accuracy and reduce modeling time.
Crosstalk analysis of twisted bundle of twisted wire pairs (TBTWPs) and star‐quad cables under the effect of inner and outer excitations
Authors: Su Zhizhen , Gassab Oussama , Zhang Jingwei , Chen Yanning , Shao Yali , He Fang , He Fangmin , Meng Jin , Zhou Guohua , Hong Zehong , Zhao Dongyan , Yin Wen‐Yan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this article, deep neural network (DNN) and chain parameter methods are used to analyze the crosstalk coupling of a star‐quad and a twisted bundle of twisted wire pairs (TBTWP) cables for different excitations, respectively. A DNN is used to extract the per‐unit‐length (p.u.l) resistance, inductance, capacitance, and conductance (RLCG) parameters at any position for the star‐quad and TBTWP cables. The induced common mode (CM) and differential mode (DM) currents due to crosstalk are calculated by combining the obtained RLCG parameters with the chain parameter method. The obtained results show good agreement with that of FEKO software. Moreover, it is found that the star‐quad cable can reduce the external coupling more effectively than that of the TBTWP cable. Finally, measurements are performed to further validate the accuracy of our proposed algorithm.
Statistical characteristics and mechanism of the South Atlantic Ocean Dipole
Authors: Guan Yuanhong , Li Yuxin , Zhou Wen , Zou Lanjun , Wang Xiaohong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe statistical characteristics and mechanism of the South Atlantic Ocean Dipole (SAOD) from 1980 to 2021 are analysed using observational datasets. The spatial pattern of the sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) during SAOD is a dipole pattern oriented in the northeast‐southwest direction, and the intensity of the SSTA in the northeast pole (NEP) is stronger than that in the southwest pole (SWP). SAOD has a decadal variability of about 12 years during 1980–2007, along with obvious seasonal phase‐locking, with the anomaly pattern developing in boreal spring (March–May), peaking in summer (June–August) and decaying in autumn (September–November). For a positive SAOD event (positive SSTA in the NEP, negative in the SWP), positive SSTA in the NEP grows due to a decrease in wind speed and thus in latent heat flux loss in boreal spring, as well as an increase in shortwave radiation flux from boreal spring to summer. However, southwesterly wind anomalies drive cold water from high latitudes to the SWP in boreal spring and summer, coupled with strong wind speed anomalies enhancing the loss of latent heat flux, which contributes to a negative SSTA in the SWP. In addition, the intensity of the SSTA in the SWP is weaker than that in the NEP because of the contribution of smaller shortwave radiation flux, sensible heat flux and larger mixed layer depth in the SWP in summer. For a negative SAOD mode (negative SSTA in the NEP, positive in the SWP), the wind, shortwave radiation flux, sensible heat flux and mixed layer depth anomalies are the opposite of those under a positive SAOD event.
An Experimental Comparison of Analogy Representation Effects on Creative Outcomes
Authors: Koronis Georgios , Casakin Hernan , Silva Arlindo 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTThis study delved into the structuring of design briefs and investigated the impact of employing visual analogies compared to text analogies. We aimed to contribute to the growing body of research investigating the role of analogies in design problem‐solving. To do this, we conducted a controlled experiment at a university with 135 undergraduate students exploring analogical reasoning under various conditions, with a particular emphasis on identifying the negative aspects of the design problem. The first goal was to explore the potential of visual and text analogies to enhance design creativity outcomes generated in each condition, focusing on the novelty and usefulness of design solutions. The second goal was to verify whether statistical differences occur between the creative outcomes in visual and text analogy conditions. According to our findings, design briefs containing specific instructions for using text or visual analogies yielded highly novel outcomes. However, when text or visual analogies were prompted by statements concerning negative issues of the design problem, more useful outcomes were generated. Finally, negative statements should be considered when the design aims to improve the features of existing solutions.