bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare personnel in 2016–2019 prospective cohort infrequently got vaccinated, worked while ill, and frequently used antibiotics rather than antivirals against viral influenza illnesses
Authors: Azziz‐Baumgartner Eduardo , Neyra Joan , Yau Tat S. , Soto Giselle , Owusu Daniel , Zhang Chao , Romero Candice , Yoo Young M. , Gonzales Miriam , Tinoco Yeny , Silva María , Bravo Eduar , Serrano Nancy Rojas , Matos Eduardo , Chavez‐Perez Victor , Castro Juan Carlos , Esther Castillo Maria , Porter Rachael , Munayco Cesar , Rodriguez Angel , Levine Min Z. , Prouty Michael , Thompson Mark G. , Arriola Carmen Sofia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundUncertainty about risk of illness and the value of influenza vaccines negatively affects vaccine uptake among persons targeted for influenza vaccination.MethodsDuring 2016–2019, we followed a cohort of healthcare personnel (HCP) targeted for free‐of‐charge influenza vaccination in five Lima hospitals to quantify risk of influenza, workplace presenteeism (coming to work despite illness), and absenteeism (taking time off from work because of illness). The HCP who developed acute respiratory illnesses (ARI) (≥1 of acute cough, runny nose, body aches, or feverishness) were tested for influenza using reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt‐PCR).FindingsThe cohort (2968 HCP) contributed 950,888 person‐days. Only 36 (6%) of 605 HCP who participated every year were vaccinated. The HCP had 5750 ARI and 147 rt‐PCR‐confirmed influenza illnesses. The weighted incidence of laboratory‐confirmed influenza was 10.0/100 person‐years; 37% used antibiotics, and 0.7% used antivirals to treat these illnesses. The HCP with laboratory‐confirmed influenza were present at work while ill for a cumulative 1187 hours.InterpretationHCP were frequently ill and often worked rather than stayed at home while ill. Our findings suggest the need for continuing medical education about the risk of influenza and benefits of vaccination and stay‐at‐home‐while‐ill policies.
Early diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis: Imaging techniques and their combined application
Authors: Wei Xin‐ke , Huo Jun‐yi , Yang Qin , Li Jing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNecrotizing fasciitis is a clinical, surgical emergency characterized by an insidious onset, rapid progression, and a high mortality rate. The disease's mortality rate has remained high for many years, mainly because of its atypical clinical presentation, which prevents many cases from being diagnosed early and accurately, resulting in patients who may die from uncontrollable septic shock and multi‐organ failure. But unfortunately, no diagnostic indicator can provide a certain early diagnosis of NF, and clinical judgement of NF is still based on the results of various ancillary tests combined with the patient's medical history, clinical manifestations, and the physician's experience. This review provides a brief overview of the epidemiological features of NF and then discusses the most important laboratory indicators and scoring systems currently employed to diagnose NF. Finally, the latest progress of several imaging techniques in the early diagnosis of NF and their combined application with other diagnostic indices are highlighted. We point out promising research directions based on an objective evaluation of the advantages and shortcomings of different methods, which provide a basis for further improving the early diagnosis of NF.
Depth dependence of hardness and reaction in metakaolin‐based geopolymers cured at low humidity
Authors: Samuel Devon , Kriven Waltraud M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCompared to metakaolin‐based sodium and potassium geopolymers cured at 20°C/100% relative humidity, geopolymers, which were cured at 20°C/40% relative humidity, were found to have considerable changes in the nanoscale structure and physical properties near the surface due to dehydration that occurred before completely hardening. For low‐humidity samples, the density in a thin near‐surface region was higher than the bulk, while porosity and BET specific surface area were greatly diminished. The microhardness at the exposed surface was low but increased sharply within a small depth before decreasing with depth to a constant value, which depended on the initial water content and charge‐balancing cation. 29Si NMR spectroscopy showed that the extent of reaction also varied with distance from the exposed surface. Both the elevated microhardness and incomplete reaction were detected at distances of up to 1.5 cm from the exposed surface, indicating that premature dehydration can cause microstructural changes over length scales that may be significant in large, ambiently cured 3D‐printed geopolymers. These effects are reduced by the use of sodium rather than potassium as the charge‐balancing cation and by raising the initial water content of the geopolymer, although higher water content caused greater surface deformation during drying.
Combinations of EGFR and MET inhibitors reduce proliferation and invasiveness of mucosal melanoma cells
Authors: Simiczyjew Aleksandra , Wądzyńska Justyna , Kot Magdalena , Ziętek Marcin , Matkowski Rafał , Hoang Mai P. , Donizy Piotr , Nowak Dorota 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMucosal melanoma (MM) is a very rare and aggressive type of cancer for which immunotherapy or targeted therapy such as BRAF/MEK inhibitors, used in cutaneous melanoma, usually fail. Due to our earlier experience showing the high effectiveness of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and hepatocyte growth factor receptor (MET) inhibitors in reducing the activation of the MAPK and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways, we aim to test whether these drugs would also be effective for mucosal melanoma. Cells representing two commercially available mucosal melanoma cell lines (GAK and HMVII) and one cell line obtained from a patient's vaginal melanoma were treated with MET or EGFR inhibitors, or combinations of these agents. The dual‐inhibitor treatment strategy resulted in a decrease of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Moreover, combinations of inhibitors led to reduction of pEGFR/EGFR and pMET/MET ratio and downregulation of PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK1/2‐based signalling pathways. Our findings indicate a potential therapeutic strategy based on EGFR and MET inhibitors in mucosal melanoma, which should be further evaluated in vivo and in clinical experiments. They also suggest that targeting multiple receptor tyrosine kinases may block signalling crosstalk and possibly delay the appearance of resistance to kinase inhibitors in mucosal melanoma cells.
Mechanical properties of 3D‐printed and milled composite resins for definitive restorations: An in vitro comparison of initial strength and fatigue behavior
Authors: Prause Elisabeth , Malgaj Tine , Kocjan Andraž , Beuer Florian , Hey Jeremias , Jevnikar Peter , Schmidt Franziska 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the flexural strength and fatigue behavior of a novel 3D‐printed composite resin for definitive restorations.Materials and MethodsFifty disc‐shaped specimens were manufactured from each of a nanohybrid composite resin (NHC), polymer‐infiltrated ceramic network (PICN), and 3D‐printed composite resin (3D) with CAD‐CAM technology. Biaxial flexural strength (σin) (n = 30 per group) and biaxial flexural fatigue strength (σff) (n = 20 per group) were measured using piston‐on‐three‐balls method, employing a staircase approach of 105 cycles. Weibull statistics, relative‐strength degradation calculations, and fractography were performed. The results were analyzed with 1‐way ANOVA and Games‐Howell post hoc test (α = 0.05).ResultsSignificant differences in σin and σff among the groups (p < 0.001) were detected. The NHC group provided the highest mean ± standard deviation σin and σff (237.3 ± 31.6 MPa and 141.3 ± 3.8 MPa), followed by the PICN (140.3 ± 12.9 MPa and 73.5 ± 9.9 MPa) and the 3D (83.6 ± 18.5 MPa and 37.4 ± 23.8 MPa) groups. The 3D group exhibited significantly lower Weibull modulus (m = 4.7) and up to 15% higher relative strength degradation with areas of nonhomogeneous microstructure as possible fracture origins.ConclusionsThe 3D‐printed composite resin exhibited the lowest mechanical properties, where areas of nonhomogeneous microstructure developed during the mixing procedure served as potential fracture origins.Clinical SignificanceThe clinical indications of the investigated novel 3D‐printed composite resin should be limited to long‐term provisional restorations. A cautious procedure for mixing the components is crucial before the 3D‐printing process, since nonhomogeneous areas developed during the mixing could act as fracture origins.
In vitro evaluation of the effect of different bleaching varnishes: Hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp chamber and color change
Authors: Carneiro Taynara S. , Favoreto Michael W. , Mena‐Serrano Alexandra , Wendlinger Michel , Forville Heloisa , Reis Alessandra , Ceballos Laura , Loguercio Alessandro D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the penetration of hydrogen peroxide (HP) into the pulp chamber and the color change of different bleaching varnishes in low concentrations used for at‐home bleaching.Materials and MethodsNinety healthy premolars were used, randomly distributed into nine groups (n = 10) according to bleaching varnish (PL, PolaLuminate; VS, VivaStyle Paint On Plus; CA, Cavex Bite&White whitening pen and; AW AlignerWhite) and time (10 and 30 min), and a control group (no bleaching). The penetration of HP was evaluated by UV–Vis spectroscopy. To evaluate the color change (ΔEab, ΔE00, ΔWID) a digital spectrophotometer was used (α = 0.05).ResultsThe AW group in 10 min and the control group showed similar and lower HP penetration in the pulp chamber when compared to the other groups (p = 0.003). Increasing the application time to 30 minutes elevated the amount of HP inside the pulp chamber for all groups (p = 0.003), except for PL (p > 0.05). When applied for 30 min all bleaching varnishes showed higher color change (ΔWID) when compared to 10 min (p = 0.04).ConclusionsFor all bleaching varnishes evaluated, PolaLuminate applied for 30 min showed lower penetration into the pulp chamber and higher bleaching effects.Clinical SignificanceThe use of bleaching varnishes seems promising for teeth bleaching, but it varies according to user product and protocol.
Nurse engagement in antibiotic time‐outs: The collaborative process of leveraging design to disseminate research findings
Authors: Manning Mary Lou , Kradel‐Weitzel Maribeth 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionResearch findings and knowledge translation are typically disseminated via presentations at professional meetings and publication in peer‐review journals. However, other opportunities to translate research evidence into practice exist, including the use of visual cues.AimThe aim of this paper is to describe the collaborative process of translating key research findings into a clear and compelling visual communication tool.DesignAs part of a multimodal research dissemination strategy, the researchers partnered with the University Health Communication Design Program faculty to develop a visual communication strategy to promote the use of antibiotic time‐outs by nurses in a health system. An environmental poster was identified as an appropriate mode of communication for its potential to convey a message quickly, impactfully, and economically.MethodsFive‐step systematic approach, including feedback from end‐users.ResultsTo augment our research dissemination strategy, an action‐oriented visual communication tool in the form of a 36x48 inch poster was created within four weeks and placed in the work environment. Unit nursing leaders and staff decided on poster locations for maximum nurse engagement with the message.ConclusionCreating visual communication to display scientific information is an important skill, but most nurse researchers never receive any formal training that encourages participation in collaborative development of visual communication tools. Our collaboration, was iterative, reflective, and provided a unique opportunity for shared learning. Partnering with health communication designers to expand research reach and impact is invaluable and should be considered as part of a dissemination strategy.Clinical relevanceClinical nurses' benefit from ‘seeing’ the science narrowed to a simple message in order to spark dialogue or remind them what they need to ‘do’.
Self‐compassion promotes self‐concept clarity and self‐change in response to negative events
Authors: Miyagawa Yuki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveNegative events tend to reduce self‐concept clarity, which could hinder self‐change. Three studies (total n = 1603) including two preregistered tested whether inducing self‐compassion in response to negative events promotes self‐concept clarity and self‐change.MethodsParticipants engaged in either a self‐compassionate or a control writing task regarding negative events. They responded to the scales of self‐concept clarity and self‐change before and after the manipulation. Self‐change was assessed using two indicators: self‐improvement regarding the negative aspects of the self (i.e., negativity transformation, Studies 1–3) and openness to self‐change (Studies 2 and 3). In Study 3, self‐esteem and affect were assessed to test alternative processes.ResultsAcross the studies, participants induced to be self‐compassionate reported higher levels of self‐concept clarity, negativity transformation (except in Study 1), and openness to self‐change. Studies 2 and 3 found that self‐concept clarity mediated the effect of self‐compassion on openness to self‐change. Study 3 indicated that this indirect effect remained significant, while the indirect effect of self‐compassion on negativity transformation was nonsignificant when self‐esteem and affect were considered.ConclusionsOverall, boosting self‐compassion in response to negative events could help people retain self‐concept clarity and, thus, be open to self‐change. Self‐compassion could also orient people to engage in negativity transformation.
Dual Parallel Intramedullary K‐Wires for Arthrodesis of the Finger Distal or Thumb Interphalangeal Joints
Authors: Huang Hui‐Kuang , Wu Chin‐Hsien , Huang Yi‐Chao , Yin Cheng‐Yu , Huang Shu‐Ling , Wang Jung‐Pan 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveK‐wire arthrodesis methods are commonly used during arthrodesis of the finger distal interphalangeal (DIP) or thumb interphalangeal (IP) joints. Here we propose an advantageous approach involving dual parallel intramedullary K‐wires with the K‐wire tips cut to bury underneath the skin.MethodsFrom January 2017 to December 2021, 35 patients (43 joints) underwent finger DIP or thumb IP joint arthrodesis using this method. Radiographic outcomes were evaluated, while functional outcomes were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH) score. Patients with at least 1 year follow‐up were analyzed. The preoperative and postoperative functional results were analyzed using the paired t‐test.ResultsArthrodesis union was achieved in 41/43 joints (95.3%). We treated 10 thumb IP joints and 33 finger DIP joints, for which the underlying cause was osteoarthritis and trauma in 37 and six digits, respectively. The average time of K‐wire removal was 8.9 (range, 7–10) weeks after surgery. Twenty‐four patients (27 joints; 22 women, two men) had at least 1 year follow‐up (mean 15.9; range, 12.5–40.8) months. For patients with bone healing, the VAS score improved from 6.6 (range, 5–8) to 0.6 (range, 0–1) (p < 0.001), and the QuickDASH score improved from 57.9 (range, 31.8–77.3) to 14.7 (range, 6.8–20.5) (p < 0.001) at final follow‐up. Both of the two failure cases were in the thumb. There were no other complications.ConclusionsThis technique is simple and cost‐effective and achieves a good union rate. The advantages include the ability to choose variable K‐wire sizes according to the size of the medullary canal and the ease of postoperative care.
Mini‐open Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy versus Standard Posterior Approach for Ankylosing Spondylitis‐related Spinal Kyphosis: A Comparative Study
Authors: Si Gao , Qiu Weipeng , Shen Qixian , Wang Yongqiang , Li Weishi , Yu Miao , Wang Yu 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveSurgical strategy for spinal kyphosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has been challenging. Pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) through a minimally invasive (MI) approach has been developed with promising clinical outcomes. We aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of PSO via an MI approach and a standard posterior approach (SPA) for treating AS‐related spinal kyphosis.MethodsA total of 41 patients with AS‐related spinal kyphosis who underwent PSO through an MI approach (MI surgery [MIS] group: n = 25) or SPA (SPA group: n = 16) between January 2015 and July 2020 were retrospectively included. Spinopelvic parameters were evaluated before the surgery, immediately after the surgery, and at the 2‐year follow‐up. Clinical data including operative time, estimated blood loss, blood transfusion, level of fusion, incision length, bed rest period, length of hospitalization, and surgical complications were compared between the two groups. The Scoliosis Research Society outcomes instrument‐22 (SRS‐22) was administered to assess patients' quality of life at the latest follow‐up. Comparisons between the two groups were performed using independent sample t‐test or Chi‐square test.ResultsCharacteristics and baseline kyphosis of the two groups were matched. At the 2‐year follow‐up, in the MIS group, the average correction values of the sagittal vertical axis and global kyphosis (GK) were 9.5 cm and 44.3°, respectively. Compared with the SPA group, the MIS group had similar correction values and correction losses after surgery. No obvious differences were observed in any radiographic parameters, except for GK, immediately after surgery and at the 2‐year follow‐up between the two groups (p > 0.05). The MIS group had a significantly shorter operative time, lesser blood loss, lesser transfusion volume, shorter fusion level, and lesser time to mobilization than did the SPA group. Higher average functional activity scores of SRS‐22 were obtained in the MIS group than in the SPA group.ConclusionMini‐open PSO may be an effective alternative to the SPA for treating AS‐related spinal kyphosis, with comparable correction effect, lesser surgical trauma and faster recovery. This comparative study may provide valuable guidance for surgical decision‐making and patient counseling.
Rapid resolution of diffuse warts following initiation of dupilumab for severe atopic dermatitis
Authors: Netravali Ilka Arun , Sockler Patrick G. , Heimall Jennifer , Treat James R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCutaneous warts are an exceedingly common cutaneous viral infection for which existing treatment options are often painful, expensive, and only marginally effective. Extensive warts may occur in the setting of primary immunodeficiencies, wherein they can co‐occur with other diseases of immune dysfunction, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). Dupilumab, an IL‐4 receptor α (IL‐4Rα)‐blocking monoclonal antibody, is a biologic agent recently approved for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe eczema. Here, we report a case of a young girl with both severe AD and diffuse filiform warts, which resolved shortly after initiating treatment for AD with dupilumab.
Frege on logical axioms and non‐evidential epistemic warrants: A paragraph fromGrundgesetze
Authors: Kim Junyeol 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCriticizing psychologism about logic in the Foreword ofGrundgesetze, Frege examines an answer to the question of how we can justify our acknowledgment of logical axioms as true—the logical laws that cannot be proved from other laws. The answer he entertains states that we cannot reject logical axioms if we do not want to give up our judgment altogether. Suspending his judgment about this answer, Frege points out that it is still compatible with his anti‐psychologist conception of logic. There are two issues with this paragraph. First, it is difficult to read this paragraph consistently. Second, it is not clear why Frege brings up this particular view regarding the justification for logical axioms in the middle of his criticism of psychologism. This paper develops a consistent interpretation of this paragraph. The view on the justification for logical axioms, which Frege is dealing with, is neo‐Kantian. In the paragraph, Frege is criticizing a psychologistic misunderstanding of the neo‐Kantian justification for logical axioms. The way Frege explains away this misunderstanding shows that he takes the neo‐Kantian justification for logical axioms to be a non‐evidential epistemic warrant if it is an epistemic warrant. It is this notion of non‐evidential epistemic warrant that Frege suspends his judgment about. Thus, the paragraph shows that Frege has a reason to have reservations about neo‐Kantianism. Furthermore, it turns out that the sole issue between Frege and psychological logicians is whether truth is objective, which provides a different way to explain away a much‐discussed tension betweenBegriffsschriftand Frege's anti‐psychologism.
The effect of educational intervention based on the Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold extended model on the process of caregiving for people with dementia
Authors: Zamani‐Alavijeh Fereshteh , Zahed Shakiba , Emami Maryam , Bazargan‐Hejazi Shahrzad , Barekatain Majid , Hassanzadeh Akbar , Eslami Ahmad Ali 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the impacts of an educational intervention based on the Progressively Lowered Stress Threshold (PLST) extended model on caregiving for people with dementia (PWD).MethodThis study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran, from May 2016 to June 2018, with 38 caregivers of PWD as participants assigned to an intervention group. Data were collected using a multi‐sectional, researcher‐developed questionnaire that recorded the demographic characteristics, and measured the dementia‐related knowledge and caregiving practices of the participants. The questionnaire and an educational program were designed in three parts according to the educational needs of caregivers to enhance their practice, skills, and ability to handle challenging behaviours in PWD. The questionnaire's face validity was confirmed by expert review, and its reliability was assessed with Cronbach's alpha coefficient (knowledge section, 0.838; practice section, 0.802). The sampling method used was convenience sampling, and none of the caregivers refused to receive the educational content. Therefore, the evaluation of the program lacks a randomized controlled group. To tailor the intervention program to the participants' needs, the educational content was based on the PLST extended model.ResultsThe mean scores for knowledge and practice increased following the intervention (P < 0.05). An educational intervention, using the PLST extended care model, thus produced positive impacts in improving the knowledge and practice of caregivers of PWD.ConclusionEducating caregivers with the PLST extended model, with a specific focus on the cultural and religious backgrounds of societies, is recommended.