bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ship Impact for Suederelbe Bridge Crossing in Hamburg
Authors: Kunz Claus , Schülke Jan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the harbour of Hamburg a new bridge crossing the Suederelbe at Elbe km 620 has been planned. The bridge is part of the BAB26 motorway. Contracted by DEGES, a German company for highway planning and design, BAW determined the ship impact loads on the basis and methodology of EN 1991-1-7 (2006) on a site - specific basis, BAW (2016). The Suederelbe Bridge crossing will have a length of 695,60 m with main span bridging the fairway over 350 m. The pylon height of the main piers is planned to be 150 m. The clearance height of the Suederelbe crossing should be 53 m above sea level. The two pylons and main piers of the Suederelbe bridge crossing, which are to be positioned close to the bank, are at risk of ship impact. About 6,000 seagoing vessels up to 33,000 dwt are passing the future bridge. Fleet structure, ship passages, speeds, accident rates and nautical conditions were analysed and ship impact loads for the piers and protective structures were determined using a load model on one hand and a collision model on the other hand. Load and collision model are probabilistic and based on corresponding distributions of the decisive influencing parameters, whereby this approach represents state-of-the-art technology. Based on the collision model, the average time that the eastern pylon is being impacted is expected to be 470 years, while the average time for the western pylon is expected to be 1,240 years.The impact loads for the east pylon are dynamic loads with FFdyn  =  17.5 MN for frontal impact and FLdyn  =  4.0 MN for lateral impact. Out of the models the impact load can be determined as dependent on the distance of the piers (pylons) to the fairway center line. The variation of the span distance of the pylons show the plausibility of the developed and used modelling.
Continuous Management of the Channel Design to Optimize Navigability in the Middle Paraná River Waterway: “Santa Fe – Confluence”. Argentina
Authors: Marpegan M. L. , Temer L. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper exposes how HIDROVIA S.A. (Inland Waterway Concession company) worked in the Middle Paraná River inland waterway “Santa Fe – Confluence” to maintain the navigation channel without dredging works by means of four steps: frequent bathymetric surveys, study of AIS vessels tracks, a special coordination of logistic works in the river with the technical team and buoy tenders crew and effective communication plans with involved stakeholders. This is a stretch of the well-known Paraguay – Paraná Inland Waterway in South America that reaches deep waters in the Río de la Plata. Physical characteristics and depths along this section of Paraná River determine what kind of vessels can sail according to its draught up to 10 ft. With 2 ft. For under keel clearance. From October 2010 to September 2021, dredging works and installation and maintenance of modern aids to navigation system were granted by the concession company. Given the intense morphological dynamics and thalweg migration of the river in this section, the contract stated that it was no suitable to keep a fixed channel design by means of permanent dredging works. It established that dredging works should only be done when and where it is not possible to maintain the channel design by readjustment of its profile with partial changes in the trace and direction of the waterway axis. The Aids to Navigation Department of HIDROVIA S:A. succeeded in doing that by implementing the continuous management of the channel design to optimize sustainable navigation in the Santa Fe – Confluence waterway.
Application and Prospect of Spatial Information Technology in Inland Waterway Resources Census
Authors: Jia Pengpeng , Jin Zhefei , Feng Honglin , Yang Qiong , Yang Wenwu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the rapid development of GIS, remote sensing, big data and other spatial information technologies have provided a huge driving force for the information construction and development of many industries. As an important branch of transportation field, inland water transportation also has great development opportunities in information construction. Since the second National Inland Waterway Census, great changes have taken place in the current situation of China’s inland waterway. It is urgent to carry out a new round of National Inland Waterway Census and comprehensively find out the current situation of China’s inland waterway. This paper comprehensively discusses the current situation of the application of spatial information technology in the general census of resources in typical industries. This paper also summarizes the basic situation of Inland Waterway Census in China, and analyzes the key and difficult points of the application of spatial information technology in Waterway Census data acquisition, working base map compilation, application achievement display and so on. It initially puts forward the technical scheme of channel resources census based on information means and online system. Compared with the traditional offline census, the technical scheme proposed in this study has achieved a breakthrough in improving the efficiency of census and ensuring the quality of census results. The research can provide technical reserves and experience for the general survey of channel resources for the whole country and all the provinces.
Field Measurements of Flow Velocities in Propeller Jets
Authors: Cantoni Irene , Van Der Hout Arne , Houwing Erik Jan , Roubos Alfred , Ruijter Michel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPropellers of ships generate high velocities adjacent to quay walls, jetties and locks. Generally, a bottom protection is installed in order to prevent instability due to scour. Although design guidance exist, propeller-induced loads are far from fully understood and have predominantly been derived on the basis of model tests. The validation of the existing design methods is lacking, especially for specific types of bow thrusters. In this research, field measurements of flow velocities induced by a 4-channel bow thruster system against a vertical quay wall have been performed. Test results showed a flow characterized by low mean velocities and large fluctuations, with the extent of reflected flow limited to few meters from the quay wall and inflow beneath the suction points playing a role.
Smart Shipping on Inland Waterways
Authors: Pauwelyn Ann-Sofie , Turf Sim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInland shipping has been struggling with a shortage of skippers for several years. This means, among other things, that smaller vessels disappear and the smaller waterways are no longer used. In addition, it is also difficult for inland shipping to compete with road transport. In time, this will cause a reverse modal shift: cargo will be brought back from the waterway to the road. However, the road is already dealing with a lot of congestion while the potential of the waterway is being used less and less. This will lead to major mobility problems.Over the years, an international consensus has grown that the automation of vessels can be a mean to solve a large part of the above problems and to revive transport via the waterways. In this way, the great pressure on our roads will also be reduced.In order to gain a better insight in the possibilities of Smart Shipping, the PIANC WG 210 was established in 2019. The PIANC INCOM WG 210 Report on Smart Shipping on Inland Waterways has been published in March 2022. This report researches the impact of Smart Shipping developments on the physical and digital infrastructure and on traffic management, with focus on inland waterways. Smart shipping developments were viewed from the perspective of infrastructure providers and traffic managers of inland waterways to stimulate and maximize the deployment of Smart Shipping.The report includes an analysis of the current (until 2019) Smart Shipping developments, what is currently lacking to stimulate Smart Shipping developments, as well as recommendations for the future that can be picked up in other PIANC working groups or research groups. This paper will highlight the findings of the WG and will zoom in on some more concrete examples of Smart Shipping in Belgium, where de Vlaamse Waterweg nv is monitoring a test area in which several 100s of test have taken place since 2019. Recent international legal initiatives will also be described.
Analysis of Erosion and Deposition Characteristics in Hukou-Jiangyin Reach of the Lower Yangtze River After the Operation of the Three Gorges Project
Authors: Cao Shuang , Cheng Long , Wang Nairu , Li Qiang , Luo Hongyu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the operation of the Three Gorges Project (TGP) and the reservoirs in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the sediment transport reduced significantly in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River since 2003, leading to great changes in the relationship between flow and sediment. In order to study the variation characteristics of the river channel under new conditions, the variation characteristics of flow and sediment at the main hydrological stations, the amount and intensity of erosion/deposition in the Hukou-Jiangyin reach, and the distribution of erosion/deposition in the channel were analyzed. The results showed that the Hukou-Jiangyin reach experienced both erosion and deposition from 1998 to 2006, while unidirectional erosion in both benchland and channel after 2006. From 2006 to 2020, the average annual erosion intensities per kilometer below bankfull channel in Hukou-Datong reach and Datong-Jiangyin reach were 12.56 × 104 m3/km and 17.17 × 104 m3/km, increasing by 79.94% and 67.35%, respectively, compared with those during the period from 1998 to 2001, i.e., the times before the impoundment of TGP. The riverbed erosion intensity of Datong-Jiangyin reach was 37% higher than that of the upper Hukou-Datong reach. The erosion mainly occurred below bankfull channel, while the erosion between low water channel and bankfull channel only accounted for 10% – 20%. Specifically, the ratios of the erosion below low water channel and bankfull channel to those below flood channel accounted for 86.67% and 91.14% in Hukou-Datong reach, respectively. And those ratios in Datong-Jiangyin reach were 80.34% and 86.69%, respectively.
Best Practice Approach for Layouting Technical-Biological Bank Protections for Inland Waterways – PIANC WG 128
Authors: Benhard Söhngen , Ma Dianguang ,   Other Members of PIANC INCOM WG 128
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe worldwide increasing number of national guidelines and growing experience with realized green bank protections (constructions using insofar possible living or at least wooden construction material) in navigable waters, led to install a PIANC INCOM Working Group (WG) to collect and condense expert knowledge in this field of work and prepare it for practitioners for design purposes. The corresponding PIANC report, called “Technical-Biological Bank Protections for Inland Waterways”, is foreseen to be released this year.The report, whose structure, content, key findings and approach will be highlighted briefly in this contribution to the Smart Rivers Conference, tries to overcome the usual problems in design cases, which need knowledge and experience of civil engineers, eco-engineers and ecologists altogether and the way how the success of bank stabilization measures will be noticed and rated. The WG members had to notice that functionality assessment is not that simple, whereby partly huge differences between those who designed, realized and maintained measures and external parties as well as cultural differences occurred.To overcome these problems and thus to objectivize the choice and layout of alternative solutions, which may help to convince people responsible for waterway development and maintenance to use green measures instead of traditional bank protections as riprap, a Best Practice Approach was developed, based on a catalogue of numerous realized measures, which are described e.g. in so-called Fact Files. The content of these descriptions, especially the local boundary conditions (BCs shortly in the following) and the balance between aims and achieved functionality issues, was used to assess the possible suitability of a chosen measure under generally different design conditions than those in the described realizations.This was achieved inter alia by a scoring system, assessing differences between Design- (DC) and Analysis Cases (shortly ACs from the catalogue of measures), which is called Feasibility Check (it answers the question, whether experiences made with the AC-cases can be transferred to the DC) and differences between user-specified aims in the DC and expected performance issues from the ACs, called “Suitability Check” (answers the question, how far expected functionality issues may probably be achievable). This was done both for technical and ecological issues, whereby the scores were chosen and reviewed interdisciplinary and internationally to overcome the aforementioned assessment differences.
The ice cone family and iterated integrals for Calabi-Yau varieties
Authors: Duhr Claude , Klemm Albrecht , Nega Christoph , Tancredi Lorenzo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present for the first time fully analytic results for multi-loop equal-mass ice cone graphs in two dimensions. By analysing the leading singularities of these integrals, we find that the maximal cuts in two dimensions can be organised into two copies of the same periods that describe the Calabi-Yau varieties for the equal-mass banana integrals. We obtain a conjectural basis of master integrals at an arbitrary number of loops, and we solve the system of differential equations satisfied by the master integrals in terms of the same class of iterated integrals that have appeared earlier in the context of equal-mass banana integrals. We then go on and show that, when expressed in terms of the canonical coordinate on the moduli space, our results can naturally be written as iterated integrals involving the geometrical invariants of the Calabi-Yau varieties. Our results indicate how the concept of pure functions and transcendental weight can be extended to the case of Calabi-Yau varieties. Finally, we also obtain a novel representation of the periods of the Calabi-Yau varieties in terms of the same class of iterated integrals, and we show that the well-known quadratic relations among the periods reduce to simple shuffle relations among these iterated integrals.
Model selection and signal extraction using Gaussian Process regression
Authors: Gandrakota Abhijith , Lath Amit , Morozov Alexandre V. , Murthy Sindhu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present a novel computational approach for extracting localized signals from smooth background distributions. We focus on datasets that can be naturally presented as binned integer counts, demonstrating our procedure on the CERN open dataset with the Higgs boson signature, from the ATLAS collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider. Our approach is based on Gaussian Process (GP) regression — a powerful and flexible machine learning technique which has allowed us to model the background without specifying its functional form explicitly and separately measure the background and signal contributions in a robust and reproducible manner. Unlike functional fits, our GP-regression-based approach does not need to be constantly updated as more data becomes available. We discuss how to select the GP kernel type, considering trade-offs between kernel complexity and its ability to capture the features of the background distribution. We show that our GP framework can be used to detect the Higgs boson resonance in the data with more statistical significance than a polynomial fit specifically tailored to the dataset. Finally, we use Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling to confirm the statistical significance of the extracted Higgs signature.
Gravitational Coleman-Weinberg mechanism
Authors: Álvarez-Luna Clara , de la Calle-Leal Sergio , Cembranos José A. R. , Sanz-Cillero Juan José 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Coleman-Weinberg mechanism provides a procedure by which a scalar field, which initially has no mass parameters, acquires a mass due to the anomalous nature of scale symmetry. Loop corrections trigger a spontaneous symmetry breaking and the appearance of a non-trivial vacuum. We first review the basic example of the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism, scalar Quantum Electrodynamics, in a perturbative regime where the scalar particle becomes massive through photon loops. We then present the main results of this article, what we name the gravitational Coleman-Weinberg mechanism: we analyse the same effect in a gravitational theory without explicit energy scales at tree-level. Finally, we also study the mechanism for two scalar fields in the mentioned gravitational theory. We will derive the gravitational Coleman-Weinberg potentials, analyse the parameter space where we have a symmetry breaking, and obtain the value of the corresponding scalar masses.
Sturm–Liouville Differential Inclusions with Set-Valued Reaction Term Depending on a Parameter
Authors: Cardinali Tiziana , Continelli Elisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we study the controllability for a Cauchy problem governed by a nonlinear differential inclusion driven by a Sturm–Liouville type operator. In particular, the considered second order differential inclusion involves a set-valued reaction term depending on a parameter. The key tool in the proof of the controllability result we provide is a multivalued version of the theorem recently proved by Haddad–Yarou, here established for an initial conditions problem monitored by a nonlinear second order differential inclusion presenting the sum of two multimaps on the right-hand side. We thereby deduce the existence of a local admissible pair for the considered control problem, that is the existence of a couple of functions consisting of a control, which is a measurable function, and the correspondent trajectory, which is an absolutely continuous function with absolutely continuous derivative. Secondly, under appropriate assumptions on the involved multimaps, we obtain an increased regularity for the solutions produced by our existence result. This regularity is the same of that recently tested by Bonanno, Iannizzotto and Marras for a different type of problem, which however involves the Sturm–Liouville operator.
A Non-aligning Variant of Generalized Turán Problems
Authors: Gerbner Dániel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the so-called generalized Turán problems we study the largest number of copies of H in an n-vertex F-free graph G. Here we introduce a variant, where F is not forbidden, but we restrict how copies of H and F can be placed in G. More precisely, given an integer n and graphs H and F, what is the largest number of copies of H in an n-vertex graph such that the vertex set of that copy does not contain and is not contained in the vertex set of a copy of F? We solve this problem for some instances, give bounds in other instances, and we use our results to determine the generalized Turán number for some pairs of graphs.
Equivalence of weak and viscosity solutions for the nonhomogeneous double phase equation
Authors: Fang Yuzhou , Rădulescu Vicenţiu D. , Zhang Chao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe establish the equivalence between weak and viscosity solutions to the nonhomogeneous double phase equation with lower-order term $$\begin{aligned} -{\text {div}}(|Du|^{p-2}Du+a(x)|Du|^{q-2}Du)=f(x,u,Du),\quad 1<p\le q<\infty ,\ a(x)\ge 0. \end{aligned}$$

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Macroscopic Loops in the Bose Gas, Spin O(N) and Related Models
Authors: Quitmann Alexandra , Taggi Lorenzo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe consider a general system of interacting random loops which includes several models of interest, such as theSpin O(N) model,random lattice permutations, a version of theinteracting Bose gasin discrete space and of theloop O(N) model.We consider the system in$${\mathbb {Z}}^d$$Zd,$$d \ge 3$$d≥3, and prove the occurrence of macroscopic loops whose length is proportional to the volume of the system. More precisely, we approximate$${\mathbb {Z}}^d$$Zdby finite boxes and, given any two vertices whose distance is proportional to the diameter of the box, we prove that the probability of observing a loop visiting both is uniformly positive. Our results hold under general assumptions on the interaction potential, which may have bounded or unbounded support or introduce hard-core constraints.
Nearly Periodic Maps and Geometric Integration of Noncanonical Hamiltonian Systems
Authors: Burby J. W. , Hirvijoki E. , Leok M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractM. Kruskal showed that each continuous-time nearly periodic dynamical system admits a formalU(1)-symmetry, generated by the so-called roto-rate. When the nearly periodic system is also Hamiltonian, Noether’s theorem implies the existence of a corresponding adiabatic invariant. We develop a discrete-time analog of Kruskal’s theory. Nearly periodic maps are defined as parameter-dependent diffeomorphisms that limit to rotations along aU(1)-action. When the limiting rotation is non-resonant, these maps admit formalU(1)-symmetries to all orders in perturbation theory. For Hamiltonian nearly periodic maps on exact presymplectic manifolds, we prove that the formalU(1)-symmetry gives rise to a discrete-time adiabatic invariant using a discrete-time extension of Noether’s theorem. When the unperturbedU(1)-orbits are contractible, we also find a discrete-time adiabatic invariant for mappings that are merely presymplectic, rather than Hamiltonian. As an application of the theory, we use it to develop a novel technique for geometric integration of non-canonical Hamiltonian systems on exact symplectic manifolds.
Evidence of earthquake seasonality in the Azores Triple Junction
Authors: Lordi Ana L. , Neves Maria C. , Custódio Susana , Dumont Stéphanie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This work presents evidence of seasonal and inter-annual variations of the earthquake occurrence rate in the Azores Triple Junction, on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR). Annual cycles in microearthquakes are relatively common in intraplate continental regions affected by large hydrological loads, but this is the first time that earthquake seasonality is recognized near mid-ocean ridges. First, we benchmark the methodology by matching the published results of earthquake seasonality in the intraplate New Madrid Seismic Zone (USA). Next, we analyze the Azores earthquake catalogue, from 2008 to 2018, separately for oceanic and island regions. The results demonstrate that the seasonal modulation of the seismicity rate is only observed in the ocean, especially in the vicinity of the triple junction, with more earthquakes occurring during the summer months from May to August. Monte Carlo simulations show that the probability of observing such seasonality by chance is less than 1% for the magnitude band from 3.3 to 4.5, well above the detection threshold and magnitude of completeness of the seismic catalogue. The methodology includes a Jack-Knife approach, which shows that the oceanic seasonality is not the consequence of abnormal or extreme events. Although we speculate about possible earthquake triggering processes, it remains a challenge to definitely establish the mechanism responsible for the observed earthquake seasonal modulation in the Azores.