bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: The connotation between perioperative glycemic control approach and sternal wound infection in individuals with diabetes mellitus experiencing cardiac surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Tan Gang , Li Yongfang , Zhou Guangpeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis investigation to measure the connotation between perioperative glycemic control (GC) approach and sternal wound infection (SWI) in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) experiencing cardiac surgery (CS). A comprehensive literature inspection till February 2023 was applied and 2654 interrelated investigations were reviewed. The 12 chosen investigations enclosed 1564 individuals with DM and CS in the chosen investigations' starting point, 790 of them were using strict GC, and 774 were using moderate GC. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compute the value of the Connotation between the perioperative GC approach and SWI in individuals with DM experiencing CS by the dichotomous and continuous approaches and a fixed or random model. Strict GC had significantly lower SWI (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, −0.22–0.50, P < .001) compared with those with moderate GC in individuals with DM and CS. Strict GC had significantly lower SWI compared with those with moderate GC in individuals with DM and CS. However, caused of the small sample sizes of several chosen investigations for this meta‐analysis, care must be exercised when dealing with its values.
A CASE OF PERCUTANEOUS BALLOON MITRAL VALVULOPLASTY FOR SEVERE SYMPTOMATIC MITRAL STENOSIS IN AN OCTOGENARIAN
Authors: Skyrme‐Jones RAP , Cooke RA , Jackson G 
Published: May 2023

SUMMARYCompared with mitral valve replacement as treatment for severe mitral stenosis, balloon mitral valvuloplasty (BMV) is a less invasive and well‐established alternative therapeutic procedure. The best results are obtained with BMV in association with pliable, non‐calcified valves. However, in the western world, mitral stenosis is predominantly a condition of the elderly, in whom less favourable valve anatomy is generally found. In this report we describe the case of an 86‐year‐old woman with severe symptomatic mitral stenosis and breathlessness on minimal exertion who underwent successful BMV. Following the procedure she was able to function independently. This serves to highlight the fact that BMV should be considered in the treatment of symptomatic mitral stenosis, irrespective of age.
Lowering the barriers to change: Can processing‐related self‐affirmations overcome resistance?
Authors: Emonds Thomas , Verwijmeren Thijs , Müller Barbara C. N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeople often close themselves off to novel ideas without giving them adequate consideration. By doing so, they possibly miss out on important advantages these ideas may bring. One strategy that appears to effectively reduce such resistance involves self‐affirming techniques, which aim to bolster one's self‐concept by focusing on values of the self which are unrelated to the persuasion topic. The current study focuses on a new aspect that may be essential to increase its effectiveness, so‐called “processing‐related self‐affirmations” which are related to how a person processes a message. We investigated the effect of processing‐related self‐affirmations on resistance to persuasion. Nonvegetarian participants were asked to apply a processing‐related self‐affirmation, an unrelated self‐affirmation, or no self‐affirmation before reading a scientific report about the merits of vegetarianism. Results showed participants were, depending on the weekly amount of meat consumed, more favorable toward the report after being affirmed on an unrelated value compared with participants who were not self‐affirmed, but no similar effect was found for processing‐related self‐affirmations. We cautiously show that relatedness and compatibility with the persuasion domain may not be the only factors influencing this effect, and include relatedness of self‐affirmations to the processing of the persuasive message as a possible new factor.
Two new miniature translucent catfish species of the rare genus Tridens (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from the Madeira River basin, northern Brazil
Authors: Henschel Elisabeth , Ohara Willian M. , Costa Wilson J.E.M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo new miniature species of the trichomycterid genus Tridens are described from the Madeira River drainage, Acre and Rondônia States, Brazil. Until this work, Tridens was a monotypic genus composed solely of Tridens melanops, from the Putumayo/Içá River drainage, upper Amazonas River basin. Tridens vitreus sp.n. is known from upper and middle Madeira River drainage and differs from all other congeners by the lack of pelvic fins and girdle and by vertebra and dorsal‐fin ray counts. Tridens chicomendesi sp.n. is known from Abunã River, middle Madeira River drainage and is distinguished from all other congeners by the number of vertebrae, dorsal‐fin ray count and anal‐fin base colouration pattern. Tr. chicomendesi sp.n. is further distinguished from T. vitreus by a combination of character states regarding the position of urogenital opening, dorsal‐fin position, anal‐fin position, maxillary barbel length, number of premaxillary teeth, number of dorsal‐fin rays, number of anal‐fin rays, number of lateral‐line system pores, frontal bone anatomy, degree of ossification of maxilla, anatomy of quadrate‐hyomandibular joint, size of posterodorsal process of hyomandibula, length of opercular patch of odontodes, number of interopercular odontodes, proportion of upper hypural plate cartilage relative to its area ; by the absence of a proximal, distal and ventral cartilages on ventral hypohyal; by the absence of a lateral process on basibranchial 4; by the presence of a cartilage block on the lateral process of autopalatine, the presence of a well‐developed ossification on proximal margin of ventral hypohyal, the presence of hypobranchial foramen; and by the presence of an anterior cartilaginous joint between quadrate and base of posterodorsal process of hyomandibula. This work represents the first species description for the subfamily Tridentinae in more than 30 years and for the genus Tridens since its original description in 1889.
Protective factors of ethical conflict during a pandemic—Quali‐Ethics‐COVID‐19 research part 2: An international qualitative study
Authors: Falcó‐Pegueroles Anna , Viola Elena , Poveda‐Moral Silvia , Rodríguez‐Martín Dolors , Via‐Clavero Gemma , Barello Serena , Bosch‐Alcaraz Alejandro , Bonetti Loris 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo determine which factors can be considered protective of ethical conflicts in intensive care unit healthcare professionals during a pandemic.BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic gave rise to new ethical concerns in relation to the management of public health and the limitations on personal freedom. Continued exposure to ethical conflict can have a range of psychological consequences.DesignA qualitative design based on phenomenological approach.MethodsA total of 38 nurses and physicians who were regular staff members of Barcelona and Milan's public tertiary university hospitals and working in intensive care units during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Semi‐structured online in‐depth interviews were conducted. A thematic analysis was performed by two independent researchers following the seven steps of Colaizzi's methods. We adhere COREQ guidelines.ResultsOne theme ‘Protective factors of ethical conflict in sanitary crisis’ and four subthemes emerged from the data: (1) knowledge of the infectious disease, (2) good communication environment, (3) psychological support and (4) keeping the same work team together.ConclusionsFour elements can be considered protective factors of ethical conflict for healthcare professionals during a sanitary crisis. While some of these factors have already been described, the joint identification of this set of four factors as a single element is, in itself, novel. This should help in ensuring the right mechanisms are in place to face future pandemics and should serve to improve institutional organisation and guarantee safe and high‐quality patient care in times of healthcare crisis.Relevance to Clinical PracticeFuture strategies for the prevention of ethical conflict during sanitary crises, pandemics or other catastrophes need to consider a set of four factors as a single element. These factors are the knowledge of the infectious disease, a good communication environment, psychological support and keeping the same work team together into joint consideration.
How is the Illusio of Gender Equality in Entrepreneurship Sustained? A Bourdieusian Perspective
Authors: Meliou Elina , Ozbilgin Mustafa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudies of gender and entrepreneurship highlight the problematic emphasis of the gender equality discourse in entrepreneurship that ignores wider structural inequalities but provide a limited explanation of how the allure of this discourse is sustained. To address this lacuna, we draw on Bourdieu's theoretical ideas to theorize and demonstrate how certain women trade‐off their capital endowments to compensate for gender inequality in entrepreneurship. Through an analysis of forty‐nine biographical interviews with women entrepreneurs in London (UK), we show two forms that the ‘illusio’ of gender equality manifests: ‘illusio of work‐life balance’, and ‘illusio of meritocracy’, and reveal how this doxic experience that escapes questioning and allows certain women to continue to play the game, entrenches the illusio of an entrepreneurial field free from gender bias. We thus illustrate the conditions of possibility and the various trade‐off mechanisms through which gender inequality in entrepreneurship is reproduced or contested.
The role of the insula in chronic pain following spinal cord injury: A resting‐state fMRI study
Authors: Mandloi Shreya , Syed Mashaal , Shoraka Omid , Ailes Isaiah , Kang Ki Chang , Sathe Anish , Heller Joshua , Thalheimer Sara , Mohamed Feroze B. , Sharan Ashwini , Harrop James , Krisa Laura , Matias Caio , Alizadeh Mahdi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeSpinal cord injury (SCI) results in the loss of motor and sensory function from disconnections between efferent and afferent pathways. Most SCI patients are affected with chronic neuropathic pain, but there is a paucity of data concerning neuroplastic changes following SCI. Chronic pain disrupts default networks and is associated with abnormal insular connectivity. The posterior insula (PI) is associated with the degree of pain and intensity of pain. The anterior insula (AI) is related to signal changes. Comprehension of SCI pain mechanisms is essential to elucidate effective treatment options.MethodsThis study examines the insular gyri functional connectivity (FC) of seven (five male, two female) SCI participants with moderate‐severe chronic pain compared to 10 (five male, five female) healthy controls (HC). All subjects had 3‐Tesla MRI performed and resting‐state functional MRI (fMRI) was acquired. FC metrics were obtained from the comparisons of resting‐state fMRI among our various groups. A seed‐to‐voxel analysis was pursued, encompassing six gyri of the insula. For multiple comparisons, a correction was applied with a significance level of p < .05.ResultsThere were significant differences in FC of the insula between SCI participants with chronic pain compared with HC. In the SCI participants, there was hyperconnectivity of the AI and PI to the frontal pole. In addition, there was increased FC noted between the PI and the anterior cingulate cortex. Hyperconnectivity was also observed between the AI and the occipital cortex.ConclusionsThese findings illustrate that there is a complex hyperconnectivity and modulation of pain pathways after traumatic SCI.
Detecting insurance fraud using supervised and unsupervised machine learning
Authors: Debener Jörn , Heinke Volker , Kriebel Johannes 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFraud is a significant issue for insurance companies, generating much interest in machine learning solutions. Although supervised learning for insurance fraud detection has long been a research focus, unsupervised learning has rarely been studied in this context, and there remains insufficient evidence to guide the choice between these branches of machine learning for insurance fraud detection. Accordingly, this study evaluates supervised and unsupervised learning using proprietary insurance claim data. Furthermore, we conduct a field experiment in cooperation with an insurance company to investigate the performance of each approach in terms of identifying new fraudulent claims. We derive several important findings. Unsupervised learning, especially isolation forests, can successfully detect insurance fraud. Supervised learning also performs strongly, despite few labeled fraud cases. Interestingly, unsupervised and supervised learning detect new fraudulent claims based on different input information. Therefore, for implementation, we suggest understanding supervised and unsupervised methods as complements rather than substitutes.
The association of short and long sleep with mortality in men and women
Authors: Åkerstedt Torbjörn , Bellocco Rino , Widman Linnea , Eriksson Julia , Ye Weimin , Adami Hans‐Olov , Trolle Lagerros Ylva 
Published: May 2023

SummaryBoth short (< 6 hr) and long (> 8 hr) sleep are associated with increased mortality. We here investigated whether the association between sleep duration and all‐cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality differs between men and women. A cohort of 34,311 participants (mean age and standard deviation = 50.5 ± 15.5 years, 65% women), with detailed assessment of sleep at baseline and up to 20.5 years of follow‐up (18 years for cause‐specific mortality), was analysed using Cox proportional hazards model to estimate HRs with 95% confidence intervals. After adjustment for covariates, all‐cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortalities were increased for both < 5 hr and ≥ 9 hr sleep durations (with 6 hr as reference). For all‐cause mortality, women who slept < 5 hr had a hazard ratio = 1.54 (95% confidence interval = 1.32–1.80), while the corresponding hazard ratio was 1.05 (95% confidence interval = 0.88–1.27) for men, the interaction being significant (p < 0.05). For cardiovascular disease mortality, exclusion of the first 2 years of exposure, as well as competing risk analysis eliminated the originally significant interaction. Cancer mortality did not show any significant interaction. Survival analysis of the difference between the reference duration (6 hr) and the short duration (< 5 hr) during follow‐up showed a gradually steeper reduction of survival time for women than for men for all‐cause mortality. We also observed that the lowest cancer mortality appeared for the 5‐hr sleep duration. In conclusion, the pattern of association between short sleep duration and all‐cause mortality differed between women and men, and the difference between men and women increased with follow‐up time.
Quantitative evolved gas analysis: Winchcombe in comparison with other CM2 meteorites
Authors: Verchovsky A. В. , Abernethy F. A. J. , Anand M. , Barber S. J. , Findlay R. , Franchi I. A. , Greenwood R. C. , Grady M. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo bulk Winchcombe along with six other CM2 meteorite samples were subjected to quantitative evolved gas analysis. The observed release patterns for almost all volatile species demonstrate close similarity for all the samples and especially between those for Winchcombe. This can be considered as a fingerprint for this petrological type of meteorites. We identified several gases including H2, H2O, O2, CO, CO2, and SO2 released in different temperature ranges. The sources and mechanisms of their release were also established. Some of the gases, H2, CO, and CO2, are released as a result of oxidation of macromolecular organic material from oxygen derived from oxygen‐bearing minerals (a part of CO2 is also released as a result of decomposition of carbonates). The others, O2 and H2O, are associated with the phase transformation/decomposition of phyllosilicates and (oxy)hydrates, while a high‐temperature release of SO2 is associated mostly with the decomposition of sulfides and in few cases also with sulfates. A low‐temperature release of SO2 is due to evaporation and oxidation of elemental sulfur from the meteoritic matrix and organic material. The total concentrations of H (mostly represented by H2O), C, and S, calculated according to calibration of the quadrupole mass spectrometer with reference gases and decomposition of solid samples (CaSO4·2H2O and NaHCO3) are in reasonable agreement with those determined by independent methods. Variations in the ratio of the carbon amounts released as CO2 and CO (/CCO) between the samples could be an indicator of their terrestrial weathering.
Establishment of cross‐cradle hold technique combined with intensive breastfeeding counselling positively impacts the weight gain rate in early infancy
Authors: Dalal Rupal , Fancy Manish K. , Chaudhary Shalu , Abraham Marian , Vir Sheila C. , Gaurav Sarthak 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA quasiexperimental field study was undertaken in 576 exclusively breastfed (EBF) infants from 0 to 14 weeks in Gujarat, India to assess the effect of the use of appropriate breastfeeding techniques on daily weight gain rate and on reducing the underweight rate in early infancy. The interventions were delivered through the existing health system and focused primarily on counselling pregnant women during antenatal and post‐natal sessions for ensuring ‘effective breastfeeding’ by adoption of the technique of ‘cross cradle hold’, appropriate breast attachment, emptying of one breast before shifting to the other along with conducting regular monitoring of infant's weight. The intervention care group (ICG) of 300 EBF infants were compared with 276 EBF infants in the control standard care group (SCG). The findings revealed that median weight gain per day between 0 and 14 weeks was significantly higher (p = 0.000) in ICG (32.7 g) as compared with SCG (28.05 g). The median weight‐for‐age Z at 14 weeks of age was also significantly higher in ICG compared with SCG (p = 0.000). Underweight prevalence was three times lower in ICG (5.3%) compared with SCG (16.7%) at 14 weeks of age. Infants in the ICG were noted to be 2.65‐fold more likely to achieve a weight gain of 30 g or more per day compared with infants in SCG. Nutrition interventions, therefore, must aim not only on mere promotion of EBF for up to 6 months but stress on ensuring EBF is ‘effective’ for optimum transfer of breastmilk through adoption of appropriate techniques, including cross‐cradle hold, by mothers.
Risk factors for pulmonary mucormycosis in subjects with diabetes mellitus—A case‐control study
Authors: Garg Deepak , Soundappan Kathirvel , Agarwal Ritesh , Mukherjee Soham , Kumar Mahendra , Dhooria Sahajal , Sehgal Inderpaul Singh , Prasad Kuruswamy Thurai , Ramachandran Raja , Patil Shivakumar , Aggarwal Ashutosh Nath , Rudramurthy Shivaprakash Mandya , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Muthu Valliappan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundFactors associated with pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) among subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) remain unclear. Following the coronavirus disease (COVID‐19)‐associated mucormycosis outbreak in India, specific environmental exposures (especially cattle dung exposure) were proposed as possible aetiology. We hypothesized that environmental factors are associated with PM. We compared subjects with DM with (cases) and without PM (controls).MethodsIn this case‐control study, for each PM case, we included five unmatched diabetic controls (hospital [n = 2], community [n = 3]) without PM. We collected information on demography, COVID‐19 infection, glycated haemoglobin% (HbA1c), the type of house (pucca vs. kutcha) where the participants reside, and other environmental factors. The primary exposure tested was cattle dung exposure (CDE; using cattle dung cakes as fuel or cattle handling). We performed a multivariate logistic regression to explore factors associated with PM and report the association as an adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsWe enrolled 39 PM cases and 199 controls (hospital [n = 80], community [n = 119]). CDE (OR 0.68, 95% CI [0.14‐3.31]; p = 0.63) was not associated with increased PM in DM. We found male sex (OR 4.07, 95% CI [1.16‐14.31]), higher HbA1c (OR 1.51, 95% CI [1.18‐16.32]), COVID‐19 (OR 28.25, 95% CI [7.02‐113.6]) and residence at kutcha house (OR 4.84, 95% CI [1.33‐17.52]) associated with PM.ConclusionCattle dung exposure was not associated with PM in subjects with DM. Instead, male sex, poor glycaemic control, COVID‐19 and the type of housing were associated with pulmonary mucormycosis.
Carnivory on demand: phosphorus deficiency induces glandular leaves in the African liana Triphyophyllum peltatum
Authors: Winkelmann Traud , Bringmann Gerhard , Herwig Anne , Hedrich Rainer 
Published: May 2023

Summary

Triphyophyllum peltatum, a rare tropical African liana, is unique in its facultative carnivory. The trigger for carnivory is yet unknown, mainly because the plant is difficult to propagate and cultivate. This study aimed at identifying the conditions that result in the formation of carnivorous leaves.

In vitro shoots were subjected to abiotic stressors in general and deficiencies of the major nutrients nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus in particular, to trigger carnivorous leaves' development. Adventitious root formation was improved to allow verification of the trigger in glasshouse‐grown plants.

Among all the stressors tested, only under phosphorus deficiency, the formation of carnivorous leaves was observed. These glandular leaves fully resembled those found under natural growing conditions including the secretion of sticky liquid by mature capture organs. To generate plants for glasshouse experiments, a pulse of 55.4 μM α‐naphthaleneacetic acid was essential to achieve 90% in vitro rooting. This plant material facilitated the confirmation of phosphorus starvation to be essential and sufficient for carnivory induction, also under ex vitro conditions.

Having established the cultivation of T. peltatum and the induction of carnivory, future gene expression profiles from phosphorus starvation‐induced leaves will provide important insight to the molecular mechanism of carnivory on demand.