bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unexplained reproductive failure in a Thoroughbred mare with a uterine infection by Arcanobacterium hippocoleae
Authors: Dias Maria Eduarda , Moni Camila Azevedo , Lopes Cassiane Elisabete , Volpato Fabiana Caroline Zempulski , Barth Afonso Luis , Siqueira Franciele Maboni 
Published: February 2023

SummaryEndometritis is recognised as one of the major causes of reproductive failure, specifically infertility and abortions, in mares. Infectious agents are the most common cause of endometritis, mainly bacteria. Here, we describe a case of an unexplained reproductive failure caused by an uncommon bacterium, A. hippocoleae, in a 15‐year‐old Thoroughbred mare with an oscillating reproductive history from Southern Brazil. Strain A. hippocoleae_LBV077/21 was isolated from the mare's uterus swab and identified by MALDI‐TOF (Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation – Time of Flight) and 16 S rDNA sequencing. The antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that the strain was susceptible to ampicillin, ceftiofur, cephalexin, ciprofloxacin, rifampicin, penicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tetracycline and vancomycin. Partial 16 S rDNA sequence phylogenetic analysis indicated a well‐supported position of A. hippocoleae_LBV077/21 in an exclusive clade of A. hippocoleae, whilst all other Arcanobacterium species were positioned in a separated clade, highlighting the lower syntenic relationship of the species A. hippocoleae to the other Arcanobacterium species. The present study reaffirms the importance of the isolation and identification of infectious agents in mares in cases of reproductive failure because uncommon agents can impede successful treatment and the improvement of reproductive failures.
Proton channels in molluscs: A new bivalvian‐specific minimal HV4 channel
Authors: Chaves Gustavo , Jardin Christophe , Franzen Arne , Mahorivska Iryna , Musset Boris , Derst Christian 
Published: February 2023

Recently, three proton channels (HV) have been identified and characterized in Aplysia californica (AcHV1‐3). Focusing on AcHV1 and AcHV2, analysis of Transcriptome Shotgun Assembly and genomic databases of 91 molluscs identified HV homologous channels in other molluscs: channels homologous to AcHV1 and to AcHV2 were found in 90 species (56 full‐length sequences) and in 33 species (18 full‐length sequences), respectively. Here, we report the discovery of a fourth distinct proton channel family, HV4. This new family has high homology to AcHV1 and AcHV2 and was identified only in bivalvian molluscs (13 species, 12 full‐length sequences). Typically, these channels possess an extracellular S1–S2 loop of intermediate size (~ 20 amino acids) compared to the shorter loops of molluscan HV1 channels (~ 13 amino acids) and the much larger loops of molluscan HV2 channels (> 65 amino acids). The characteristic voltage‐sensor motif in S4 possesses only two arginine residues with the common third arginine being replaced by a lysine. Moreover, HV4 channels are much smaller with only around 200 amino acids in total length. The smallest functional channel found so far in nature (189 amino acids) is expressed in the pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (CgHV4) and might be considered an archetypical minimal proton channel. Functional expression and electrophysiological characterization demonstrated that CgHV4 shares distinctive hallmarks of other investigated proton channels as high proton selectivity, slow activation, and pH‐ and voltage‐regulated gating. This work is the first description of a HV4 type channel, adding a new member to the recently expanded family of proton channels.
Climate change disrupts core habitats of marine species
Authors: Hodapp Dorothee , Roca Irene T. , Fiorentino Dario , Garilao Cristina , Kaschner Kristin , Kesner‐Reyes Kathleen , Schneider Birgit , Segschneider Joachim , Kocsis Ádám T. , Kiessling Wolfgang , Brey Thomas , Froese Rainer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDriven by climate change, marine biodiversity is undergoing a phase of rapid change that has proven to be even faster than changes observed in terrestrial ecosystems. Understanding how these changes in species composition will affect future marine life is crucial for conservation management, especially due to increasing demands for marine natural resources. Here, we analyse predictions of a multiparameter habitat suitability model covering the global projected ranges of >33,500 marine species from climate model projections under three CO2 emission scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5) up to the year 2100. Our results show that the core habitat area will decline for many species, resulting in a net loss of 50% of the core habitat area for almost half of all marine species in 2100 under the high‐emission scenario RCP8.5. As an additional consequence of the continuing distributional reorganization of marine life, gaps around the equator will appear for 8% (RCP2.6), 24% (RCP4.5), and 88% (RCP8.5) of marine species with cross‐equatorial ranges. For many more species, continuous distributional ranges will be disrupted, thus reducing effective population size. In addition, high invasion rates in higher latitudes and polar regions will lead to substantial changes in the ecosystem and food web structure, particularly regarding the introduction of new predators. Overall, our study highlights that the degree of spatial and structural reorganization of marine life with ensued consequences for ecosystem functionality and conservation efforts will critically depend on the realized greenhouse gas emission pathway.
No difference in quality of life between persons with severe haemophilia A and B
Authors: Kihlberg Kristina , Baghaei Fariba , Bruzelius Maria , Funding Eva , Andre Holme Pål , Lassila Riitta , Nummi Vuokko , Ranta Susanna , Gretenkort Andersson Nadine , Berntorp Erik , Astermark Jan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionGood health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important goal in the treatment of persons with haemophilia B (PwHB). Studies focusing on this population are limited, however, and data are insufficient.AimTo assess the HRQoL in PwHB and to compare this to data on persons with haemophilia A (PwHA), as well as to evaluate the impact of joint health on HRQoL and to identify areas of insufficient care.MethodsThe B‐NORD study enrolled persons with severe haemophilia B and matched controls with haemophilia A. HRQoL was assessed using the EQ‐5D‐3L questionnaire and joint health using Haemophilia Joint Health Score 2.1 (HJHS).ResultsThe EQ‐5D‐3L was completed by 63 PwHB and 63 PwHA. Mobility problems were reported by 46% of PwHB and 44% of PwHA, pain/discomfort by 62% and 56%, and anxiety/depression by 33% and 17%, respectively. No significant difference was observed between PwHA and PwHB in EQ‐5D profiles, level sum score, EQ‐5D index (PwHB mean .80, PwHA mean .83, p = .24), or EQ VAS score (PwHB: mean 70, PwHA: mean 77, p = .061). Linear regression adjusted for age demonstrated that an increase in HJHS score was associated with a significant decrease in both EQ‐5D index (B ‐.003, R2 .22) and EQ VAS score (B ‐.37, R2 .17).ConclusionDespite the majority of patients being treated with prophylaxis, impaired HRQoL was reported in both PwHB and PwHA. No differences in HRQoL were found between the two groups. Impaired joint health had a significant negative impact on HRQoL.
Individually adjusted absolute blood volume feedback control: A promising solution for intradialytic hypotension
Authors: Álvarez Nadal Marta , Rodríguez Mendiola Nuria , Díaz Domínguez Martha Elizabeth , Fernández Lucas Milagros 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionIntradialytic hypotension (IDH) remains one of the most frequent complications associated to hemodialysis (HD), frequently triggered by a reduction in absolute blood volume (ABV) not compensated by vascular refilling. A recently developed dilutional method allows routinary measurement of ABV and, by a simple algorithm, may turn blood volume monitor (BVM) guided UF (ultrafiltration) biofeedback into an ABV control, automatically adjusting UF rate to maintain ABV above a preset threshold. The aim of this study is to identify an individual critical ABV threshold and test the ability of an ABV feedback control to avoid IDH.MethodsWe studied 24 patients throughout three consecutive midweek HD treatments. ABV and blood pressure (BP) were measured every 30 min and anytime the patient referred any symptoms to identify each patient's critical ABV (ABV at the time of hypotension). A fixed bolus dilution approach at the start of HD was used to calculate ABV. Then, patients were followed through three additional HD treatments and IDH development was analyzed.FindingsSeventy‐one treatments performed in 24 patients. ABV monitoring showed a constant decrease as HD treatment progressed. Thirteen IDH events were observed in eight different patients, with a mean systolic BP drop in IDH treatments of 37.38 ± 4.31 mmHg and a mean adjusted ABV at hypotension of 71.07 ± 14.88 mL/kg. Critical ABV was individually set in patients prone to IDH. As expected, ABV feedback control successfully maintained ABV over preset critical ABV. IDH events were avoided in 21 out of 22 treatments performed. ABV drop was successfully reduced, as well as SBP drop (despite similar UF than prior to ABV feedback control implementation).DiscussionABV feedback control avoided IDH in 21 out of 22 treatments performed by maintaining blood volume above critical ABV, significantly reducing ABV variations without compromising prescribed UF.
Effects of empowerment‐based illness management on the medication adherence and recovery of persons with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hsieh Wen‐Ling , Li I‐Hsien , Liu Wen‐I 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMedication adherence and recovery rates are <50% among persons with schizophrenia; therefore, this health concern needs attention. Empowerment is a vital element for behavioural change, but previous studies have presented different results and lack specific connotations about empowerment. Therefore, this study systematically reviewed and meta‐analysed the effects of empowerment‐based illness management on the medication adherence and recovery of persons with schizophrenia. The databases searched included the PROSPERO registration network, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycAricle, and Airiti Library. The research steps were based on PRISMA. RoB 2.0 was used for article quality evaluation, the effect size was calculated using RevMan software, and the random‐effect model and standardized mean differences (SMD) were established. Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 859 participants were used to investigate the effect of empowerment on medication adherence. The trials involved the use of effective strategies as inducing medication motivation, promoting self‐medication management, and providing support resources. A moderate effect was observed (SMD = 0.58, 95% CI 0.18–0.99). Ten RCTs involving 1473 participants were used to investigate the effect of empowerment on recovery. These trials involved the use of such effective strategies as using self‐strength, connecting external forces, understanding personal needs, and overcoming self‐stigma. A moderate effect was observed (SMD = 0.55, 95% CI 0.10–0.99). Empowerment in illness management can effectively promote the medication adherence and recovery of persons with schizophrenia. In the future, nurses can use self‐strength care to promote medication motivation and connect internal and external forces to assist a person's medication adherence and recovery.
Moral distress in carers for people with an intellectual disability who died during the COVID‐19 pandemic, a template analysis extending the Barlem and Ramos model of moral distress
Authors: Kelly Kathyan , Margaret Haigh , McCarron Mary , McCallion Philip , Burke Eilish , Wormald Andrew David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis article aims to understand moral distress in carers of people with an intellectual disability during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodNine staff carers of seven people with an intellectual disability, who had been participants of the IDS‐TILDA study in Ireland, who died during the COVID‐19 pandemic participated in in‐depth, semi‐structured telephone interviews. Template analysis was used to analyze the interviews.ResultsObstructions in performing their duties left carers feeling powerless and experiencing moral conflict distress, moral constraint distress and moral uncertainty distress. Most managed to connect to the moral dimension in their work through peer support, understanding they fulfilled the wishes of the deceased, and/or thinking about how they or others did the best they could for the person they were caring for.ConclusionsThis research demonstrates that while restrictions may have been effective in reducing the spread of COVID‐19, they were potentially damaging to carer wellbeing.
Genomic analysis reveals a KIT‐related chromosomal translocation associated with the white coat phenotype in yak
Authors: Zhang Fengwei , Wang Chong , Xu Haiyue , Xia Xiaoting , Luo Xiaoyu , Li Kaihui , Han Jianlin , Lei Chuzhao , Chen Ningbo , Yue Xiangpeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhite coat pigmentation is a striking phenotype of many domesticated species and has various genetic controls. The Tianzhu White yak, an indigenous breed with a complete white coat, has fascinated Tibetans for centuries. However, the genetic basis of this trait remains unknown. Here, we conducted population genomics analysis and genome‐wide association study based on the whole‐genome sequencing data of 38 white and 59 non‐white‐coated yak. The results revealed the presence of KIT‐linked Cs alleles characterized by the translocations between chromosomes 6 and 29 in all‐white yak. Furthermore, structural variations showed additional duplications of the Cs alleles in white yak compared with colour‐sidedness cattle. Interestingly, the Cs alleles associated with the white coat phenotype in yak were found to have introgressed from taurine cattle. Our findings unveil the shared genetic control of the white coat phenotype and its evolution in closely related bovine species.
Prenatal exposure to air pollution and childhood internalizing problems: roles of shyness and anterior cingulate cortex activity
Authors: Liu Ran , Pagliaccio David , Herbstman Julie B. , Fox Nathan A. , Margolis Amy E. 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundPrenatal exposure to air pollution increases the risk for psychiatric disorders characterized by internalizing problems. In this study, we examined the roles of shyness and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activity in the association between prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and children's internalizing problems at 7–9 years old.MethodsParticipants include 53 children (31 girls, 22 boys). Personal air monitoring was conducted over 48 continuous hours during the third trimester of pregnancy to measure 8 PAHs. Mothers reported children's shyness (Emotionality Activity Sociability Temperament Survey) at age 5 and internalizing problems (Child Behavior Checklist) at ages 7–9. ACC activity was measured by fMRI during the Simon Spatial Incompatibility task at ages 7–9.ResultsShyness mediated the association between prenatal PAH exposure and internalizing problems. Higher prenatal PAH exposure predicted increased shyness, which in turn predicted greater internalizing problems. Moreover, left ACC activity during the Simon task moderated the association between prenatal PAH exposure and internalizing problems. Prenatal PAH exposure predicted increased risk for internalizing problems only when children showed heightened left ACC activity during the resolution of cognitive conflict.ConclusionsOur study innovatively synthesizes the fields of developmental psychology and environmental health science to offer new insights into the risk factors for anxiety disorders. Facilitating the development of healthy reactive and regulatory processes may improve the developmental outcomes for children highly exposed to air pollution.
Factors associated with frequent emergency department visits among health centre patients receiving primary care
Authors: Pourat Nadereh , Lu Connie , Chen Xiao , Zhou Weihao , Hair Brionna , Bolton Joshua , Hoang Hank , Sripipatana Alek 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRationale, Aims and ObjectivesWe sought to examine specific care‐seeking behaviours and experiences, access indicators, and patient care management approaches associated with frequency of emergency department (ED) visits among patients of Health Resources and Services Administration‐funded health centres that provide comprehensive primary care to low‐income and uninsured patients.MethodWe used cross‐sectional data of a most recent nationally representative sample of health centre adult patients aged 18–64 (n = 4577) conducted between October 2014 and April 2015. These data were merged with the 2014 Uniform Data System to incorporate health centre characteristics. We measured care‐seeking behaviours by whether the patient called the health centre afterhours, for an urgent appointment, or talked to a provider about a concern. Access to care indicators included health centre continuity of care and receipt of transportation or translation services. We included receipt of care coordination and specialist referral as care management indicators. We used a multilevel multinomial logistic regression model to identify the association of independent variables with number of ED visits (4 or more visits, 2–3 visits, 1 visit, vs. 0 visits), controlling for predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics.ResultsCalling the health centre after‐hours (OR = 2.41) or for urgent care (OR = 2.53), and being referred to specialists (OR = 2.36) were associated with higher odds of four or more ED visits versus none. Three or more years of continuity with the health centre (OR = 0.32) was also associated with lower odds of four or more ED visits versus none.ConclusionsFindings underscore opportunities to reduce higher frequency of ED visits in health centres, which are primary care providers to many low‐income populations. Our findings highlight the potential importance of improving patient retention, better access to providers afterhours or for urgent visits, and access to specialist as areas of care in need of improvement.
The alleviation of ammonium toxicity in plants
Authors: Xiao Chengbin , Fang Yuan , Wang Suomin , He Kai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNitrogen (N) is an essential macronutrient for plants and profoundly affects crop yields and qualities. Ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) are major inorganic N forms absorbed by plants from the surrounding environments. Intriguingly, NH4+ is usually toxic to plants when it serves as the sole or dominant N source. It is thus important for plants to coordinate the utilization of NH4+ and the alleviation of NH4+ toxicity. To fully decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying how plants minimize NH4+ toxicity may broadly benefit agricultural practice. In the current minireview, we attempt to discuss recent discoveries in the strategies for mitigating NH4+ toxicity in plants, which may provide potential solutions for improving the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and stress adaptions in crops.
Risky business: Understanding the association between objective COVID‐19 occupational risk features and worker subjective risk perceptions
Authors: Eby Lillian T. , Robertson Melissa M. , Facteau David B. , Anker Jocelyn G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany workers are at risk of contracting COVID‐19 through work, and subjective perceptions of COVID‐19 risk are important predictors of worker attitudes and behaviours. However, little to no research provides comprehensive examination of objective COVID‐19 occupational risk factors and how, or under what conditions, these factors relate to subjective risk perceptions. Using two wave survey data matched with archival data from the Occupational Information Network (O*Net) and county‐level COVID‐19 case data (N = 295), we examine how objective COVID‐19 occupational risk relates to workers' subjective risk of contracting COVID‐19 at work. We also examine the moderating roles of financial frailty, adherence to governmental workplace safety recommendations, and local COVID‐19 threat. Results indicate that objective COVID‐19 occupational risk significantly predicts subjective risk of contracting COVID‐19 at work. Moreover, factors representing in‐person work conducted in close proximity to others accounted for a large proportion of explained variance in subjective risk. There was no support for moderation; however, financial frailty and workplace safety had independent main effects on subjective risk perceptions. Our results have theoretical implications for the Economic Stress and COVID‐19 Occupational Risk model (Sinclair et al., Appl. Psychol., 70, 2021, 85), individual models of subjective risk perceptions, and practical implications for mitigating occupational risk at work.
Trajectories of loneliness during COVID‐19 pandemic and associations with mental health and substance use
Authors: Cadigan Jennifer M. , Calhoun Brian H. , Rhew Isaac C. , Lee Christine M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe examined patterns of longitudinal trajectories of loneliness during the COVID‐19 pandemic using six time points (January 2020 [pre‐pandemic] to March/April 2021) and whether trajectories were associated with psychological distress (depression/anxiety) and substance use (alcohol/cannabis) outcomes in Spring 2021. Participants were 644 young adults who completed online assessments. Outcomes were regressed on most‐likely loneliness trajectory adjusting for pre‐pandemic measures. Three loneliness trajectories varied from consistently lower to consistently higher. Pre‐pandemic social support was associated with lower odds of a higher loneliness trajectory. Higher loneliness trajectories were associated with greater odds of past‐month cannabis use compared to Low trajectories, but not significantly associated with depression, anxiety, or alcohol use in Spring 2021. Interventions addressing co‐occurring loneliness and cannabis use are needed.
Eating disorders in young patients with neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Chiavarino Francesca , Pruccoli Jacopo , Cecconi Ilaria , Vancini Nicolò , Cordelli Duccio M , Parmeggiani Antonia 
Published: February 2023

AimWe describe the association of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) and feeding and eating disorders (FED) in five patients admitted to our third level centre for both FED and NF1.MethodsCase series of five adolescent females with NF1 treated for FED.ResultsWe collected data from five patients with NF1 aged between 14 and 22 years, all females. The onset of eating disorder symptoms occurred between 13 and 19 years of age and was characterised by food intake restriction, associated with physical hyperactivity in three out of five cases. One patient also reported self‐injurious acts and episodic binges. Patients received diagnoses of anorexia nervosa (AN, n = 2), atypical AN (n = 1), bulimia nervosa (n = 1), unspecified feeding and eating disorder (n = 1).ConclusionThe current literature reports a single case of an adult with NF1 and comorbid AN, focusing on the dermatological features of NF1. Our article describes a case series of five patients in developmental age affected by NF1 and FED. Clinical and psychological features of NF1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of FED when these two conditions co‐occur. The dermatological alterations of NF1 may contribute to body image distortion that characterises AN. Further research is required to systematically screen populations of patients with NF1 for the presence of FED.