bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
mHealth and eHealth Applications for a Medicalized Quarantine Hotel during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lin Shu-Chuan , Yeh Hui-Tzu , Lee Yu-Hsia , Hsu Suh-Meei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background In Taiwan, the number of confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has risen significantly in May 2021. The second wave of the epidemic occurred in May 2022. mHealth (mobile health, social media communities) and eHealth (electronic health, Hospital Information System) can play an important role in this pandemic by minimizing the spread of the virus, leveraging health care providers' time, and alleviating the challenges of medical education.
Objectives This study aimed to describe the process of using mHealth and eHealth to build a medicalized quarantine hotel (MQH) and understand the physical and mental impact of COVID-19 on patients admitted to the MQH.
Methods In this retrospective observational study, data from 357 patients who stayed at the MQH were collected and their psychological symptoms were assessed using an online Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS). Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, univariate analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis were performed.
Results The patients' mean age was 35.5  ±   17.6 years, and 52.1% (n  =  186) of them were males. Altogether, 25.2% (n  =  90) of the patients had virtual visits. The average duration of the hotel stay was 6.8  ±   1.4 days, and five patients (0.01%) were transferred to the hospital. The three most common symptoms reported were cough (39%), followed by the sore throat (22.8%), and stuffy/runny nose (18.9%). Most patients achieved a total BSRS score of 0 to 5 points (3,569/91.0%), with trouble falling asleep (0.65  ±   0.65), feeling tense or high-strung (0.31  ±   0.66), and feeling down or depressed (0.27  ±   0.62) scoring highest. The BSRS score was the highest on the first day. The sex of the patients was significantly related to the BSRS score (p  <  0.001).
Conclusion mHealth and eHealth can be used to further monitor an individual's physiological and psychological states. Early intervention measures are needed to improve health care quality.
Management of Brachial Plexus Birth Injury: The SickKids Experience
Authors: Cawthorn Thomas R. , Hopyan Sevan , Clarke Howard M. , Davidge Kristen M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article describes the approach utilized by the multidisciplinary team at Sick Kids Hospital to evaluate and treat patients with brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI). This approach has been informed by more than 30 years of experience treating over 1,800 patients with BPBI and continues to evolve over time. The objective of this article is to provide readers with a practical overview of the Sick Kids approach to the management of infants with BPBI.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency using Hormonal Therapy
Authors: Rezende Gabriela Pravatta , Dassie Thamyse , Gomes Daniela Angerame Yela , Benetti-Pinto Cristina Laguna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is characterized by early hypoestrogenism. An increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease is a long-term consequence of POI. A challenge of hormone therapy (HT) is to reduce the CV risk.
Methods Cross-sectional study with lipid profile analysis (total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, VLDL-C and triglycerides), blood glucose levels and arterial blood pressure of women with POI using HT, compared with age and BMI-matched women with normal ovarian function (controls).
Results The mean age and BMI of 102 POI patients using HT and 102 controls were 37.2 ± 6.0 and 37.3 ± 5.9 years, respectively; 27.0 ± 5.2 and 27.1 ± 5.4 kg/m2. There wasn't difference between groups in arterial systolic and diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, LDL-C, VLDL-C and triglycerides. HDL-C levels were significantly higher in the POI group (56.3 ± 14.6 and 52 ± 13.9mg/dL; p = 0.03). Arterial hypertension was the most prevalent chronic disease (12% in the POI group, 19% in the control group, p = ns), followed by dyslipidemia (6 and 5%, in POI and control women).
Conclusion Women with POI using HT have blood pressure levels, lipid and glycemic profile and prevalence of hypertension and dyslipidemia similar to women of the same age and BMI with preserved gonadal function, in addition to better HDL levels.
IL-10 Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Risk in Georgian Women: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Ahmadi Saba , Surmava Sandro , Kvaratskhelia Eka , Abzianidze Elene , Kankava Ketevani 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a cytokine with a vast variety of functions, but its role in cancer development and progression is not yet clear. It is involved in two of the hallmarks of cancer: vascularization and immune modulation. IL-10 inhibits angiogenesis and hence is antitumorigenic. But it also can suppress the immune system and be tumorigenic.
Objective Evaluating the role of IL-10 (-1082 A/G) gene promoter single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in breast cancer susceptibility and progression in Georgian women.
Methods A case–control study was performed on a total of 128 women, with 64 of them being histologically confirmed to have breast cancer and 64 healthy controls. SNP genotyping was performed with TaqMan assay with real-time polymerase chain reaction. And pathology report, containing proliferative activity and breast cancer hormonal status, was obtained after surgery of the case individuals. Statistical analysis was done to investigate the significance of data obtained from genotyping and histology reports.
Results Statistical analysis revealed that the difference in frequency of genotypes was not statistically significant between cases and controls (chi-square = 0.5812, p = 0.7478). The comparison of proliferative activity of cases with AA genotypes and AG/GG genotypes showed no statistical difference (t = 0.2575, p = 0.7980). Although when put into a plot (box and whiskers), patients with AG/GG genotype have outliers with very high proliferative activity.
Conclusion This study shows that -1082 A/G SNP in the promoter region of the IL-10 gene is not associated with breast cancer risk in Georgian women.
Ophthalmic Education: The Top 100 Cited Articles in Ophthalmology Journals
Authors: Khan Asher , Rangu Neal , Thanitcul Chanon , Riaz Kamran M. , Woreta Fasika A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurpose To identify the top 100 (T100) cited articles on ophthalmic education and examine trends and areas of focus in ophthalmic education.Methods A literature search was conducted for articles published between 2011 and 2021 related to ophthalmic education within ophthalmology journals using the ISI Web of Science Core Collection database. The search was performed in June 2022 and was conducted using the search phrase ([educat* OR teach* OR instruct* OR train* OR “medical student*” OR residen* OR fellow* OR undergrad* OR postgrad* OR “faculty” OR “attending”] AND *ophthalm*). Results were analyzed using VOSviewer v.1.6.18 and statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel.Results The majority of articles were published in the Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery (19%), followed by Ophthalmology (12%), and Eye (12%). Articles were most often published in the year 2013 (15%), followed by 2014 (12%) and 2012 (12%). Articles most commonly originated from English-speaking countries, including the United States (43%), England (14%), Canada (8%), and India (8%). Topics most often examined in ophthalmic education were resident education (51%), medical school education (21%), and surgical training (21%). The most common study types were cohort studies (22%), case series (21%), and prospective trials (16%). There were 16 institutions that produced more than one article in the T100 articles list.Conclusion The T100 articles on ophthalmic education were primarily U.S. based and focused on resident education, surgical training, and medical school ophthalmic curriculum. Further research into ophthalmic education is warranted to establish evidence-based curricula guidelines.
Surgical treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy: comparative results of selective amygdalohippocampectomy versus anterior temporal lobectomy from a referral center in Brazil
Authors: Almeida Laryssa Crystinne Azevedo , Lobato Vanessa Alves , Santos Maria do Carmo Vasconcelos , Moraes Aline Curcio de , Costa Bruno Silva 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a high prevalence neurological disorder. Surgery has emerged as a promising treatment.Objective The objective of this work is to compare the surgical results of anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) versus selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH) in a cohort of 132 patients.Methods We performed a retrospective study of 146 patients operated for TLE from 2008 to 2019. Initially, 13 patients were excluded from the study due to insufficient medical record data or follow-up loss. One patient was excluded from the analysis of the results due to death in the first postoperative week. We used the ILAE scale to classify seizure control after surgery. In patients with left hippocampal sclerosis, SAH was performed and in right temporal lobe epilepsy, ATL was the approach of choice.Results The mean follow-up time after surgery was 57.2 months (12–137). In our data analysis, we found that the group of patients undergoing ATL had a higher prevalence of being completely seizure-free (ILAE I) (57.1% versus 31%) and a higher rate of satisfactory seizure control (88.6% versus 69.3%) p = 0,006, when compared with patients undergoing SAH.Conclusion The literature is still controversial about seizure control concerning the technique used due to the lack of a robust methodology. Our data analysis identified the superiority of ATL over SAH in seizure outcomes. ATL may be the best option for adequately controlling seizures with minimal additional morbidity in countries with a cost limitation for extended propaedeutics.
Molecular Evaluation of Joubert Syndrome and Hearing Impairment in a Patient with Ataxic Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Sreedevi N. , Swapna N. , Maruthy Santosh , Jayakumar T. , Sylvester Charles 
Published: July 2023

AbstractJoubert syndrome (JBTS) is a rare autosomal recessive or X-linked congenital brain malformation with strong genetic heterogeneity. Other neurological features of JBTS include hypotonia, ataxia, developmental delay, and cognitive impairment. Hearing loss with JBTS has been reported in the literature. We present the case of a 3.5-year-old boy born to a healthy consanguineous South Indian couple who was presented with ataxic cerebral palsy (CP) and hearing impairment; medical reports confirmed typical brain malformations of JBTS. Hearing impairment was screened by audiological assessment, which confirmed the presence of severe-profound hearing loss with outer hair cell dysfunction. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to know the molecular aspects of the condition and to detect any novel mutations. The homozygous mutation AHI1 c.2023G > A associated with JBTS type 3 and GJB2 c.71G > A mutation associated with hearing impairment were identified. Sanger sequencing was performed to validate the result and it identified heterozygous AHI1 c.2023G > A and GJB2 c.71G > A in the patient's parents. This study confirms the diagnosis of JBTS by WES helps identify the genetic causes of hereditary disorders that accelerate genetic evaluation and counseling for at-risk families.
Outcomes of Pediatric Endoscopic Pilonidal Sinus Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mentessidou Anastasia , Mirilas Petros , Maravilla Veniza , Malakounides Georgina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTreatment of pilonidal sinus disease with conventional excision techniques is associated with recurrence up to 20 to 30% (primary closure) or with prolonged healing that might last months (closure by secondary intention). Endoscopic pilonidal sinus treatment (EPSiT) is gaining increasing popularity. This systematic review aims to summarize and evaluate the reported outcomes of pediatric EPSiT (PEPSiT) to date. Systematic search was performed for all studies on PEPSiT in patients younger than 18 years, pertaining to demographics, technique, and outcomes. Fisher's test was used to assess the associations between success/recurrence rates and different approaches (fistuloscope vs. cystoscope, different wound care protocols). A total of 320 patients (9 studies, 2018–2022) with a weighted mean age of 15.7 years and follow-up duration of 13.5 months were included. PEPSiT was successful in 290 patients (90.9%) with weighted mean time to healing of 4.1 weeks. Recurrence was reported in 29 patients (9.1%) with weighted mean time to recurrence of 4.6 months. Outcomes were not significantly altered by the use of fistuloscope versus pediatric cystoscope (p = 1.0), or with perioperative laser epilation (p = 0.06), or postoperative regular shaving, depilatory creams, light pulse, or laser (p = 0.31). The weighted mean operative time was 38 minutes and hospital stay was 16 hours. Summary of available evidence confirms that PEPSiT is safe and effective. Added to its noninvasiveness, PEPSiT's pooled outcomes appear superior to those of numerous conventional techniques. Comparison with conventional techniques, particularly off-midline flap and semi-closure procedures, is, however, lacking. The superiority of PEPSiT needs to be confirmed in future comparative studies, including cost–benefit analysis.
Fetoscopic Laser Ablation of Type II Vasa Previa: A Cost Benefit Analysis
Authors: Monson Martha A. , Chmait Ramen H. , Einerson Brett 
Published: July 2023

Objective We aimed to compare costs of two strategies for third-trimester type II vasa previa management: (1) fetoscopic laser ablation surgery (FLS) referral and (2) standard management (SM).
Study Design A decision analytic model and cost-benefit analysis from a health care perspective were performed. The population included patients with type II vasa previa at approximately 32 weeks. SM entailed 32-week antepartum admission and cesarean at approximately 35 weeks. FLS referral included consultation and possible laser surgery at 32 weeks for willing/eligible candidates. Successful laser surgery allowed the possibility of term vaginal delivery. Outcomes included antepartum admission, preterm birth, cesarean, neonatal transfusion, and death. Sensitivity analyses were performed.
Results In base case analysis, FLS referral was cost saving compared with SM (total cost per patient $65,717.10 vs. 71,628.16). FLS referrals yielded fewer antepartum admissions, cesareans, premature births, neonatal transfusions, and deaths. Eligible referred patients choosing FLS incurred a total cost of $41,702.46, a >40% decrease compared with SM. FLS referral was cost saving in all one-way sensitivity analyses except when antepartum admission costs were low. In threshold analyses, FLS referral was cost saving unless laser surgery cost was >$39,892 (2.75x expected cost), antepartum admission cost for monitoring of vasa previa or ruptured membranes was <$7,455, <11% patients were eligible for laser surgery, and when <12% of eligible patients chose laser surgery. In two-way sensitivity analysis, FLS referral was cost saving except at very high laser surgery costs and extremely low antepartum admission costs.
Conclusion Referral for FLS for type II vasa previa was cost saving and improved outcomes compared with SM, despite upfront costs, fetoscopy-related risks, and many patients being ineligible or not opting for surgery after referral.
Key Points
British environmental foreign policy identity post-Brexit: environment and climate policy
Authors: Burns Charlotte 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSince the 2016 referendum on leaving the European Union (EU), the United Kingdom (UK) government has been keen to persuade commentators and stakeholders that Brexit will not be bad for the UK’s environment. Rather in line with the role of Britain as a great power, the government has suggested that when it comes to the environment the UK can be a global superpower, leading other nations in its pursuit of ambitious environmental policy goals. This new environmental foreign policy role orientation has been articulated through the concept of ‘Green Brexit’ and showcased via the chairing of a major Climate Change Conference (the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Conference of the Parties (COP) 26) in Glasgow in 2021. However, whilst there was a flurry of policy activity around COP26, overall ‘Green Brexit’, has yet to be underpinned by coherent and credible domestic policy commitments necessary for effective international environmental leadership.
Students’ perspectives on a podcast-based assignment exercise, while learning to communicate about infections and vaccines
Authors: Lloyd Charmaine , Apputhurai Pragalathan , Al-Rubaie Ali 
Published: July 2023

Podcasts are used in educational institutions to complement learning and revision. In this paper, the incorporation of a student-created podcast component into a group assignment on vaccines was evaluated. It was hypothesised that group podcast preparation would enable health-science undergraduate students to improve their health communication and digital literacy skills. Students (n = 66) were introduced to the assignment early in semester 2 of 2022, after which they attended regular coursework and training on podcasting software. Students had the opportunity to research, plan, script, curate and record their podcasts, actively engaging in a social constructivist learning approach. The audio conversation was recorded in a mock roleplay setting between health experts and laypersons, both played by students. The content comprised scientific aspects, conflicting opinions and contemporary issues on the vaccine topic, in the context of a lay-audience scenario provided in the assignment. The packaged podcast was graded for soundness of content, roleplaying, ability to engage the listener and creativity. Student perspectives and feedback were collected before and after the assignment through short online surveys comprising open-ended and Likert questions. Pairwise analysis showed improved digital literacy, improved confidence in students’ own communication skills and preference for podcast assignments (P < 0.05). Positive comments included the experience of learning about vaccines, use of podcasting software and fun. Though the podcast approach took a longer time to implement, it was an effective means of facilitating group discussion on the topic and offered students a safe space to experiment communication of health and infection topics through podcast technology.
Materials for teaching the rotational motion of magnetically levitating bodies with a video camera
Authors: Nishiwaki Yoichi , Takashige Masaaki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study reports analysis of the rotational motion of magnetically levitated superconducting and diamagnetic bodies using video cameras for physics education. The analysis was possible without using special equipment such as a high-speed camera. In this case, the angular velocities of the superconducting and diamagnetic bodies showed linear and exponential decay with time, respectively. Such results can be used as an introduction to solid state physics and as a teaching material for elementary mechanics.
The effect of tool wear on the damaged layer thickness and tool wear rate in ultra-precision turning of quartz glass
Authors: Liu Yujie , Tong Hao , Li Yong , Chen Jialong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Quartz glasses have been extensively used for many fields, such as semiconductor technology, optical instruments, inertial navigation and others. Ultra-precision turning with diamond tools can achieve high surface accuracy when processing non-ferrous materials. In recent years, ultra-precision turning has also been tried to be applied to process brittle materials, but there are constraints including small removal amount and tool wear. When diamond tools are used to cut quartz glass, tool wear occurs under the combined action of thermal effect and mechanical friction, which will affect the damaged layer thickness of the processed quartz glass. In this paper, the tool wear factor is led into the calculation of the extrusion volume, and the damaged layer thickness is calculated by the extrusion volume. Combined with the results of quartz glass turning experiments and the calculated results by simulation, the effect of tool wear factor on the damaged layer thickness and the tool wear rate is analyzed. The analysis shows that tool wear will lead to chip fracture thickness decrease and extrusion volume increase. Combined action of these two aspects, the damage layer thickness keeps unchanged at first and then rises with the increase of tool wear. In addition, the experimental results show that the tool wear rate rises with the increase of tool wear.
Atomically precise gold nanoclusters for CO oxidation: balancing activity and stability by ligand shedding
Authors: Pei Wei , She Jie , Yu Xueke , Zhou Si , Zhao Jijun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ligand-protected gold (Au) nanoclusters (NCs) are fascinating for catalytic applications due to their unique electronic structure and catalytic activity endowed by quantum size effects. The identification of the number of ligands in NCs not only determines the catalytic behavior of their active sites, but also directly affects their stability. Therefore, establishing a physical picture including the number of ligands on the surface of NCs, geometric structure, thermodynamic stability and catalytic activity is crucial for balancing stability and catalytic performance. Combined with density functional theory calculations, the catalytic behavior of phosphine ligand-protected Au NCs (including [Au9(PPh3)8]3+, [Au10(PPhCy2)6Cl3]+, [Au11(PPh3)8Cl2]+ and [Au13(PMe2Ph)10Cl2]3+) with ligand shedding processes were systematically investigated using gas-phase CO oxidation as a probe reaction. The results show that the geometric configurations of these Au NCs evolve towards a planar structure with the shedding of ligands. Their chemical activity shows a distinct linear relationship with their d orbital centers, which are governed by the electron coupling between the surface ligands and the Au core for each ligand of Au NCs. The geometrical structure–chemical activity relationship was uncovered for these ligand Au NCs. These results provide important knowledge for precisely regulating the activity and stability of ligand-protected metal NCs for energy conversion at the atomic level.