bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in Breast Implant Illness
Authors: Azahaf Siham , Spit Karlinde A. , de Blok Christel J.M. , Bult Peter , Nanayakkara Prabath W.B. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Explantation often alleviates symptoms in women with breast implant illness. However, persistent complaints in some cases may be linked to persistent silicone-induced inflammation from residual silicone particles. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging could potentially detect this inflammation. This case series describes the PET findings in women with ongoing symptoms after explantation.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed of cases from the silicone outpatient clinic at the Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands. All women underwent PET imaging due to persistent systemic symptoms after explantation (n = 17) or replacement (n = 1).

Results:
Before PET imaging, silicone deposits were demonstrated in all 18 cases using ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. PET imaging revealed varying fluorodeoxyglucose avidity in axillary, parasternal, mediastinal, cervical, or supraclavicular lymph nodes and extranodal sites in all patients, up to 11 years after explantation. The median implantation time was 17 years, the average number of implant sets was 2, and the median time from explantation to PET was 2 years. In cases where biopsy was performed, silicone lymphadenitis with characteristic foreign body reaction was confirmed. The PET findings suggest that silicone residues can provoke inflammation even years after explantation. However, not all women with silicone residues may exhibit fluorodeoxyglucose-positive PET scans, indicating variability in susceptibility to silicone-induced inflammation.

Conclusions:
PET imaging may be a useful diagnostic tool for detecting silicone-induced inflammation in patients with persistent complaints after explantation. However, given inherent limitations, further research is warranted to fully assess its potential diagnostic utility in breast implant illness.
Systematical Theoretical Study of the Nonpoint Source Effects in Nuclear Medicine Shielding Calculation
Authors: Gu Tianliang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The objective of this note was to systematically study the effects from nonpoint radiation sources on the nuclear medicine imaging room or uptake room shielding design. The dose from a nonpoint source to a location at a certain distance to the center of the source was calculated. A correction factor could be applied to the dose calculated using a point source model with the same distance to compensate the nonpoint source effects. The correction factor was a function only depending on the source relative dimension, the ratio of the source’s geometric dimension to the distance. Theoretical and numerical calculation were performed to calculate the correction factor on a one-dimensional line source, two-dimensional circular disc source, three-dimensional sphere, and cylinder sources. Our study indicated that for large nuclear medicine imaging rooms, the point source model was a good approximation for shielding design. For a small uptake room, a nonpoint source correction may be considered to calculate the barrier thickness.
Inflammatory Markers as Predictors of Orbital Infection Severity
Authors: Gibbons Alison , Cherkas Elliot , Kaur Mannat , Dharssi Shazia , Elsharawi Radwa , Ashraf Davin C. , Li Emily 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To assess the utility of inflammatory marker levels in defining orbital cellulitis (OC) severity.

Methods:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted at 2 tertiary care centers using a medical record search of billing codes from January 1, 2000 to January 1, 2023. Patients were categorized into 2 cohorts—uncomplicated OC and OC with complication [subperiosteal abscess (SPA), orbital abscess (OA), or cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST)]. Values at presentation of the following markers were recorded: absolute neutrophil count (ANC), white blood cell count (WBC), platelet count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Logistic regression, controlled for immunosuppression and age, compared levels between patients with uncomplicated OC versus OC with complication, surgical versus nonsurgical management, and abnormal versus normal presenting and final vision.

Results:
A total of 785 patients—413 uncomplicated OC (52.6%) and 372 OC with complication (47.4%) (272 SPA [73.2%], 85 OA [22.8%], and 15 CST [4.0%])—met criteria. The sample was majority male (58.2%) and White (65.9%), with a mean age of 31.6 ± 26.4 years. Platelet count, ANC, WBC, and NLR levels were significantly higher in patients with complicated OC (p < 0.001). Levels of ANC, WBC, CRP, and NLR were significantly higher in surgical patients (p < 0.001). Higher levels of NLR and ANC were associated with worse visual acuity and an relative afferent pupillary defect at presentation (p = 0.006 and p = 0.032, respectively) but not at the final follow-up.

Conclusions:
Levels of NLR, ANC, and WBC at presentation may have clinical utility in identifying severe orbital infections and may aid management.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Demonstrates Differences in Brow and Upper Eyelid Fat and Muscle Layers Between East Asians and Caucasians
Authors: Manta Alexandra I. , Demer Joseph L. , Goldberg Robert A. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To objectively quantify, in East Asians and Caucasians, the width and distribution of the retro-orbicularis oculi and frontalis fat (ROOF) pad, subcutaneous fat, and orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) at the superior orbital rim margin as well as 5 mm superior and inferior to this point.

Methods:
Thirty adults were studied by high-resolution, surface coil MRI. In the quasi-sagittal image through the globe center, the ROOF, subcutaneous fat, and OOM thickness were measured anterior to the orbital septum, at 3 points: at the superior orbital rim, and 5 mm superior, and 5 mm inferior to the rim.

Results:
Seventeen subjects were of East Asian descent and 13 were Caucasian. Mean age (±standard deviation) was 49 (±16, range 18–72 years) and 53 (±17, range 29–80 years), respectively. Subcutaneous fat, OOM, and ROOF individual and total anteroposterior layer thickness at the superior orbital rim was similar between East Asians and Caucasians, with average ROOF 63% to 66% (4.5 ± 1.0, 4.7 ± 1.5 mm) of the width at the rim, and 33% to 34% (1.7 ± 0.7–1.8 ± 1.0 mm) 5 mm superiorly. In Caucasians, 12 of 13 patients (92%) had no measurable ROOF 5 mm inferior to the orbital rim. Values for Caucasians were significantly smaller than for East Asians 5 mm under the rim, where the East Asian eyelid layers anterior to the orbital septum averaged: subcutaneous fat 0.9 ± 0.4 mm, OOM 1.2 ± 0.3 mm, ROOF 1.8 ± 1.2 mm, and preaponeurotic fat 1.1 ± 0.9 mm. At the same level, the Caucasian eyelid measured: subcutaneous fat 0.6 ± 0.5 mm and OOM 1.4 ± 0.3 mm.

Conclusions:
Retro-orbicularis oculi and frontalis fat is the major contributor to the anteroposterior thickness of the eyelid at the level of the superior orbital rim in both East Asians and Caucasians. In East Asians, the ROOF comprises much of the total width inferior to the superior rim, whereas the Caucasian eyelid is mostly muscular. In Caucasians, ROOF is centered around the rim and extends intra-orbitally onto the roof as opposed to East Asians in which it continues inferiorly, into the upper eyelid. These anatomic variations explain some of the differences in surface anatomy between ethnic groups.
Outcomes after Ventral Hernia Repair with Concurrent Panniculectomy: A Large Database Review
Authors: Gossett Amy Gin , Leavitt Justin D , Hooks W Borden , Hope William W 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Patients with large pannus and ventral hernias may benefit from undergoing panniculectomy performed concurrently with open ventral hernia repair (VHR-PAN). However, there has been concerns related to increase surgical site occurrences when adding a panniculectomy. This study aims to evaluate outcomes of open VHR with and without panniculectomy using a large hernia specific database.

Study Design:
The Abdominal Core Health Quality Collective (ACHQC) database was queried from 2012 to 2023 for patients who underwent VHR-only vs VHR-PAN. Patient and surgical characteristics were described and compared. Short-term outcomes including surgical site infection (SSI), surgical site occurrence (SSO), and SSO requiring procedural intervention (SSOPI) were compared. Patient reported outcomes (PROs) and hernia recurrence were compared at 1 year. Logistic regression was used to identify risks associated with the above outcomes.

Results:
There were 28,140 patients who underwent open VHR, 2108 where panniculectomy data were included (yes or no), and 870 who underwent VHR-PAN. Patients who underwent VHR-PAN were more likely to be female,78.3% vs 64.8% (p < 0.0001), have a BMI over 40, 21.0% vs 7.8% (p < 0.0001) with greater median hernia width, 10.0 [7.0, 15.0] vs 8.0 [3.0, 13.0] (p < 0.0001). In a matched analysis, there was no significant difference in SSI, SSO, SSOPI, or 1 year hernia recurrences rates in the VHR-PAN group (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated that VHR with concurrent panniculectomy is not significantly associated with an increased risk of complications. Concurrent panniculectomy can be considered for selected patients needing VHR.
Maternal Serum Hemoglobin Levels Relative to Anemia Interventions in the COVID-19 era: A systematic review andmeta-analysis
Authors: Muthuka John K. , Agnes Muthoni L. , Leonard Ngeno K. , Lucy Chembugei C. , Dianna Mbari F. , Nabaweesi Rosemary 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsThe purpose of this review was to investigate the effect of different types of maternal anemia interventions on serum hemoglobin levels among pregnant cohort of reproductive age during COVID-19 pandemic using a pool of studies conducted with different research designs.MethodsRelevant studies were identified from January 2020 to December 2022 by using MeSH terms in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinical trials, Scopus databases and gray literature. The studies were systematically reviewed, and quality assessments were evaluated by the guidelines of the Cochrane risk of bias. All the statistical analysis was performed on RevMan 5.4.1 software with a random and fixed effect models. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the Cochran Q statistic and Higgins test and publication bias assessed via funnel plots. The cumulative pooled effect of maternal anemia interventions (n= 15) on serum hemoglobin concentration was the main outcome, while effects of specific types of maternal anemia interventions; mode of administration; and the country a study was conducted were derived as secondary outcomes. In total, 6695 pregnant women of reproductive age were established from the entire pool of studies. Mean serum hemoglobin levels’ data were retrieved alongside their standard errors for ascertaining the effect of the said maternal anemia interventions on hemoglobin levels using f standard mean and mean differences during meta-analysis. The review component was part of registered PROSPERO: CRD-CRD42023410657:[ResultsFifteen studies met the inclusion criteria, with the current study findings proposing that, maternal anemia interventions in overall improved serum hemoglobin levels [SMD (95% CI) = 0.93 [0.57, 1.30]; Heterogeneity: Tau-squared = 0.50; Chi-squared = 627.07, df = 14 (P < 0.00001); I-squared = 98%. The effect of specific intervention categories was; dietary iron supplement 1.16 [95% CI = −0.97, 3.28], education information 0.75 [95% CI = 0.12, 1.37], Intravenous ferric carboxy-maltose 1.33 [95% CI = 0.28, 2.38], intravenous iron sucrose 0.82 [95% CI = 0.56, 1.09] and herbal substances 0.42 [95% CI = 0.24, 0.61]. Dietary iron supplementation didn’t demonstrate an improvement on hemoglobin levels (Test for overall effect: Z = 1.07 (P = 0.29). Parenterally given and via education administered interventions had better utility on hemoglobin concentrations with maternal anemia interventions among developing countries showing insignificant effect on maternal serum hemoglobin levels.ConclusionCurrent review concluded that maternal anemia interventions had a utility on serum hemoglobin, more feasible, those given as injections. Notably, dietary iron interventions were compromised especially in developing nations during COVID-19 pandemic. Multifaceted further clinical studies are crucial to substantiate current findings.
A Novel Scoring System for Coronary Care Unit Patients: Merging SAPS 2 and Troponin I for Improved Prognostication
Authors: Alam Mohammad Saquib , Zafar Khawaja Saifullah , Amir Syed Hasan , Haque Shahzad F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to develop a novel prognostic scoring system for coronary care unit (CCU) patients by integrating the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) with cardiac-specific biomarkers, including Troponin I (Trop I), NT-proBNP, lactate, AST, and ALT. The objective was to enhance the prediction of in-hospital mortality by addressing limitations of existing scoring systems.MethodsThis prospective observational study included 25 adult patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital’s CCU with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Clinical and laboratory parameters, including Troponin I (Trop I), NT-proBNP, lactate, AST, ALT, and SAPS II scores, were collected upon admission. Logistic regression analysis identified independent predictors of mortality, and a new scoring system was developed. The predictive accuracy of the system was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsThe novel scoring system demonstrated superior discriminatory performance with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.8897 compared to SAPS II alone (AUC: 0.8493). Troponin I emerged as the most significant predictor of mortality (p < 0.05), while SAPS II showed a trend toward significance. The optimal cutoff score for the new system was determined to be 4.716, achieving a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 94.12%. Elevated lactate, Trop I and SAPS 2 score levels were strongly associated with mortality.DiscussionThe new scoring system integrates systemic and cardiac-specific parameters, enhancing the predictive accuracy of in-hospital mortality in CCU patients compared to SAPS II alone. While Trop I proved highly predictive, other biomarkers (NT-proBNP, AST, ALT, lactate) did not achieve statistical significance in multivariate analysis, likely due to the limited sample size. Future validation in larger cohorts is required to confirm its generalizability and clinical utility. This study underscores the potential of combining systemic and cardiac-specific biomarkers to refine risk stratification in CCU settings, offering a robust tool for guiding clinical decision-making.
Stress-activated neuronal ensemble in the supramammillary nucleus stores anxiety but not memory
Authors: Zhang Jinming , Yu Kexin , Zhang Junmin , Chang Yuan , Sun Xiao , Qian Zhaoqiang , Sun Zongpeng , Liu Zhiqiang , Ren Wei , Han Jing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnxiety is a very common negative emotional status induced by stress. However, its underlying neural mechanism is still largely unknown. Here, we found a hypothalamic section named the supramammillary nucleus (SuM), which is taking control of anxiety. We then characterized a small ensemble of stress-activated neurons and recruited encoding anxiety. These stress-activated neurons specifically respond to stress, and its activation robustly increases the anxiety-like behavior of mice without significantly influencing fear memory. We then found that the ventral subiculum -SuM but not the dorsal subiculum -SuM projection encodes anxiety and would exhibit an anti-anxiety effect by its inhibition. Our findings extend the understanding of the function of the neuronal engram cells and bring new insights into the studies on emotion especially anxiety.
Coxsackievirus A24 variant whole genome sequencing from clinical samples using a three overlapping amplicons strategy
Authors: Morobe John Mwita , Odoyo Samuel , Lambisia Arnold W. , Moraa Edidah , Houldcroft Charlotte J. , Ochola-Oyier Lynette Isabella , Holmes Edward C. , Githinji George , Agoti Charles N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe developed a whole genome sequencing assay for coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v), a major cause of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, and used it to recover three near complete genomes from the 2024 CA24v outbreak in Kenya. This assay will support studies on CA24v genomic epidemiology and evolution across Africa.
Anatomy of a mass resignation: moral entrepreneurship and academic outsiders within
Authors: Tekeste Milena , Özbilgin Mustafa F. 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThe purpose of this viewpoint is to examine the claims made in the resignation letter and global petition surrounding the mass resignation of editorial members from the journal Gender, Work and Organization. It aims to shed light on the overlooked voices that criticized the boycott and to reflect on how the protest, while addressing legitimate concerns, inadvertently marginalized early-career and minoritized scholars, undermining principles of Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI).Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted a reflexive methodology, engaging with a globally diverse set of junior, mid-career and senior scholars to gather their insights on the unfolding events. By intentionally seeking out those critical of the resignation, the authors emphasized their positionality as scholars committed to fostering inclusivity and fairness. They positioned themselves against the instrumentalization of social justice rhetoric, critiquing how it disproportionately impacted vulnerable academic communities.FindingsThe viewpoint highlights how the mass resignation and academic boycott of Gender, Work and Organization failed to account for its adverse effects on early-career and marginalized scholars, missing opportunities for feminist care and solidarity. It argues that the boycott, while signalling virtue, had a polarizing impact and overlooked key principles of EDI, leading to unintended negative consequences.Originality/valueThe originality of this viewpoint lies in its focus on the often-unheard voices of scholars who opposed the mass resignation and academic boycott of Gender, Work and Organization, offering a counter-narrative to the widely publicized protest. Its value comes from critically examining how actions intended to promote social justice and equality can inadvertently harm early-career and marginalized scholars. By spotlighting these complexities and challenging the virtue signalling behind the boycott, the critique contributes to ongoing discussions on the ethical responsibilities of academic activism, solidarity and inclusivity in feminist scholarship.
Beauveria felina Accelerates Growth When Competing With Other Potential Endophytes
Authors: Pijanowski Wojciech , Chmielewski Sebastian , Wysoczański Wojciech , Havrysh Polina , Turnau Katarzyna , Lembicz Marlena 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe fungus Beauveria felina is often classified as one of the so‐called good biocontrol agents. However, no information is available about the growth of this entomopathogenic fungus in the presence of other endophytic fungi, which are usually found in plant tissues. Effects of fungal interactions vary from inhibiting the activity of a biocontrol agent to stimulating its effect on the targeted pathogen. This study compared the growth rate of Beauveria felina alone and in interaction with other endophytic fungi. In the presence of each competitor (Gliomastix polychroma or Rhodotorula mucilaginosa), B. felina grew faster than in the control. In the interaction between Beauveria felina and Gliomastix polychroma, an inhibition zone was formed between their mycelia. This is the first report showing the response of its mycelium to biotic stress caused by the presence of other fungi.
Phosphoproteomics for studying signaling pathways evoked by hormones of the renin‐angiotensin system: A source of untapped potential
Authors: Souza‐Silva Igor Maciel , Carregari Victor Corasolla , Steckelings U. Muscha , Verano‐Braga Thiago 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Renin‐Angiotensin System (RAS) is a complex neuroendocrine system consisting of a single precursor protein, angiotensinogen (AGT), which is processed into various peptide hormones, including the angiotensins [Ang I, Ang II, Ang III, Ang IV, Ang‐(1–9), Ang‐(1–7), Ang‐(1–5), etc] and Alamandine‐related peptides [Ang A, Alamandine, Ala‐(1–5)], through intricate enzymatic pathways. Functionally, the RAS is divided into two axes with opposing effects: the classical axis, primarily consisting of Ang II acting through the AT1 receptor (AT1R), and in contrast the protective axis, which includes the receptors Mas, AT2R and MrgD and their respective ligands. A key area of RAS research is to gain a better understanding how signaling cascades elicited by these receptors lead to either “classical” or “protective” effects, as imbalances between the two axes can contribute to disease. On the other hand, therapeutic benefits can be achieved by selectively activating protective receptors and their associated signaling pathways. Traditionally, robust “hypothesis‐driven” methods like Western blotting have built a solid knowledge foundation on RAS signaling. In this review, we introduce untargeted mass spectrometry‐based phosphoproteomics, a “hypothesis‐generating approach”, to explore RAS signaling pathways. This technology enables the unbiased discovery of phosphorylation events, offering insights into previously unknown signaling mechanisms. We review the existing studies which used phosphoproteomics to study RAS signaling and discuss potential future applications of phosphoproteomics in RAS research including advantages and limitations. Ultimately, phosphoproteomics represents a so far underused tool for deepening our understanding of RAS signaling and unveiling novel therapeutic targets.
Early Dynamics of Portal Pressure Gradient After TIPS Insertion Predict Mortality
Authors: Reuken P. A. , Franz A. , Wirtz T. H. , Ripoll C. , Aschenbach R. , Teichgräber U. , Pollmanns M. R. , Kiehntopf M. , Keil S. , Kuhl C. , Schulze P. C. , Trautwein C. , Bruns T. , Stallmach A. , Zipprich A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundTransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement leads to a reduction in portal pressure and an improvement in survival in patients with recurrent and refractory ascites and variceal haemorrhage. Prediction of post‐TIPS survival is primarily determined by factors identified before the TIPS procedure, as data collected during or after TIPS implantation are limited. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of early hemodynamic changes after TIPS placement on survival, in order to refine post TIPS management.MethodsIn this prospective bicentric study, consecutive patients (n = 105) undergoing TIPS placement for ascites or variceal haemorrhage underwent measurement of portal pressure gradient (PPG) immediately at TIPS insertion (PPG0) and 24 h later (PPG24h) and the ΔPPG was calculated from PPG24h and PPG0 (ΔPPG = PPG24h‐PPG0). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and uni‐ and multivariable regression analyses were conducted to identify survival predictors.ResultsPatients with lack of increased ΔPPG exhibited poorer 90‐day and 1‐year survival compared to patients with increased ΔPPG. This worse survival was independent of The Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, Child‐Pugh score, bilirubin levels, creatinine and the Freiburg index of post‐TIPS survival (FIPS) > 0.92. Among these patients with poorer outcome, elevated bilirubin (> 25 μmol/L) further distinguished survivors from non‐survivors.ConclusionLack of increased ΔPPG post‐TIPS insertion identifies a high‐risk patient group with worse survival. We propose incorporating this second PPG measurement and determining ΔPPG into clinical practice to identify these patients early and tailor post‐TIPS patient care.