bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer incidence in World Trade Center rescue and recovery workers by race and ethnicity
Authors: Khalifeh Malak , Goldfarb David G. , Zeig‐Owens Rachel , Todd Andrew C. , Shapiro Moshe Z. , Carwile Madeline , Dasaro Christopher R. , Li Jiehui , Yung Janette , Farfel Mark R. , Brackbill Robert M. , Cone James E. , Qiao Baozhen , Schymura Maria J. , Prezant David J. , Hall Charles , Boffetta Paolo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionIt is unclear whether differences in health outcomes by racial and ethnic groups among World Trade Center (WTC) rescue and recovery workers reflect those of the population of New York State (NYS) or show distinct patterns. We assessed cancer incidence in WTC workers by self‐reported race and ethnicity, and compared it to population figures for NYS.MethodsA total of 61,031 WTC workers enrolled between September 11, 2001 and January 10, 2012 were followed to December 31, 2015. To evaluate the association between race/ethnicity and cancer risk, Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) adjusted for WTC exposure, age, calendar year, sex and, for lung cancer, cigarette smoking.ResultsIn comparison to Whites, Black workers had a higher incidence of prostate cancer (HR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.69−2.34) and multiple myeloma (HR = 3.57, 95% CI = 1.97−6.45), and a lower incidence of thyroid (HR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.22−0.78) and colorectal cancer (HR = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.33−0.98). Hispanic workers had a higher incidence of liver cancer (HR = 4.03, 95% CI = 2.23−7.28). Compared with NYS population, White workers had significantly higher incidence of prostate cancer (HR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.18−1.35) and thyroid cancer (HR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.55−2.08), while Black workers had significantly higher incidence of prostate cancer (HR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.05−1.40).ConclusionCancer incidence in WTC workers generally reflects data from the NYS population, but some differences were identified that merit further investigation.
Risk, protective, and biomarkers of dementia in Indigenous peoples: A systematic review
Authors: Nguyen Huong X. T. , Bradley Kate , McNamara Bridgette J. , Watson Rosie , Malay Roslyn , LoGiudice Dina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONDementia is an emergent health priority for Indigenous peoples worldwide, yet little is known about disease drivers and protective factors.METHODSDatabase searches were conducted in March 2022 to identify original publications on risk, protective, genetic, neuroradiological, and biological factors related to dementia and cognitive impairment involving Indigenous peoples.RESULTSModifiable risk factors featured across multiple studies include childhood adversity, hearing loss, low education attainment, unskilled work history, stroke, head injury, epilepsy, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, depression, low BMI, poor mobility, and continence issues. Non‐modifiable risk factors included increasing age, sex, and genetic polymorphisms. Education, ex‐smoking, physical and social activity, and engagement with cultural or religious practices were highlighted as potential protective factors. There is a paucity of research on dementia biomarkers involving Indigenous peoples.DISCUSSIONGreater understanding of modifiable factors and biomarkers of dementia can assist in strength‐based models to promote healthy ageing and cognition for Indigenous peoples.
Novel biologically derived tartaric acid plasticizer: Synthesis and application
Authors: Dong Xue , Long Mengfei , Cai Yongchao , Zhou Zhemin , Xia Xiaole 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhthalate plasticizers were typical petroleum‐based plasticizers whose application was affected by their negative tendency to be transformed into more risky metabolites such as phthalic acid mono‐2‐ethylhexyl ester (MEHP), which might not be conducive to sustainable development and human health. Therefore, the development of green bio‐based plasticizers was an urgent need. Here, a new class of green bio‐based plasticizer 2,3‐diacetyl tartrate dialkyl esters (DATAE‐Cn) was synthesized by using renewable tartaric acid (TA) as the main raw material, and its structure was characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR. The plasticizing properties of different plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) films were investigated, compared with commercial plasticizers (DEHP and ATBC). The results indicated that PVC films plasticized with the DATAE‐Cn displayed apparently increased thermal stability, plasticizing effect, toughness and migration stability. The addition of DATAE‐Cn minimized the Tg value of PVC from 88.5 to 38.5°C suggesting that the plasticizer had obvious plasticizing effect on PVC. Moreover, when DATAE‐Cn completely replaced the usage of DEHP on PVC, its initial decomposition temperature (Ti) was increased by up to about 34°C. In particular, PVC/DATAE‐Cn exhibited prominent migration resistance in different solvent environments, which was received by solubility parameters analysis, leaching and volatilization tests. These results indicated that green bio‐based plasticizer DATAE‐Cn had potential to replace phthalate plasticizers.
Synthesis, characterization, biochemical, and molecular modeling studies of carvacrol‐based new thiosemicarbazide and 1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives
Authors: Alagöz Tenzile , Çalişkan Fatma Güneş , Bilgiçli Hayriye Genç , Zengin Mustafa , Sadeghi Morteza , Taslimi Parham , Gulçin İlhami 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA series of carvacrol‐based thiosemicarbazide (3a–e) and 1,3,4‐thiadiazole‐2‐amine (4a–e) were designed and synthesized for the first time. The structures were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and high resolution mass spectroscopy techniques. All compounds were examined for some metabolic enzyme activities. Results indicated that all the synthetic molecules exhibited powerful inhibitory actions against human carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCAI and II), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes compared to the standard molecules. Ki values of five novel thiosemicarbazides and five new 1,3,4‐thiadiazole‐2‐amine derivatives (3a–e and 4a–e) for hCA I, hCA II, AChE, and BChE enzymes were obtained in the ranges 0.73–21.60, 0.42–15.08 µM, 3.48–81.48, 92.61–211.40 nM, respectively. After the experimental undertaking, an extensive molecular docking analysis was conducted to scrutinize the intricate details of interactions between the ligand and the enzyme in question. The principal focus of this investigation was to appraise the potency and efficacy of the most active compound. In this context, the calculated docking scores were noted to be remarkably low, with values of −8.65, −7.97, −8.92, and −8.32 kcal/mol being recorded for hCA I, hCA II, AChE, and BChE, respectively. These observations suggest a high affinity and specificity of the studied compounds toward the enzymes, as mentioned earlier, which may pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions aimed at modulating the activity of these enzymes.
Intramodule pressure profiles and protein accumulation during tangential flow filtration
Authors: Cunha Fernanda , Zuponcic Jessica , Rossi Francesco , Springer Grant , Ximenes Eduardo , Bruns Norvin , Moomaw John F. , Bowes Brian D. , Qian Ken K. , Yu Zhao , Yang Dennis , Corvari Vincent J. , Ardekani Arezoo , Reklaitis Gintaras , Ladisch Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTangential flow filtration (TFF) through a 30 kDa nominal molecular weight cut‐off (MWCO) ultrafiltration membrane is widely employed to concentrate purified monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to levels required for their formulation into injectable biologics. While TFF has been used to remove casein from milk for cheese production for over 35 years, and in pharmaceutical manufacture of biotherapeutic proteins for 20 years, the rapid decline in filtration rate (i.e., flux) at high protein concentrations is a limitation that still needs to be addressed. This is particularly important for mAbs, many of which are 140–160 kDa immunoglobulin G (IgG) type proteins recovered at concentrations of 200 mg/mL or higher. This work reports the direct measurement of local transmembrane pressure drops and off‐line confocal imaging of protein accumulation in stagnant regions on the surface of a 30 kDa regenerated cellulose membrane in a flat‐sheet configuration widely used in manufacture of biotherapeutic proteins. These first‐of‐a‐kind measurements using 150 kDa bovine IgG show that while axial pressure decreases by 58 psi across a process membrane cassette, the decrease in transmembrane pressure drop is constant at about 1.2 psi/cm along the 20.7 cm length of the membrane. Confocal laser scanning microscopy of the membrane surface at the completion of runs where retentate protein concentration exceeds 200 mg/mL, shows a 50 μm thick protein layer is uniformly deposited. The localized measurements made possible by the modified membrane system confirm the role of protein deposition on limiting ultrafiltration rate and indicate possible targets for improving membrane performance.
Trifunctional Saxitoxin Conjugates for Covalent Labeling of Voltage‐Gated Sodium Channels**
Authors: Finkelstein Darren S. , Du Bois J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVoltage‐gated sodium ion channels (NaVs) are integral membrane protein complexes responsible for electrical signal conduction in excitable cells. Methods that enable selective labeling of NaVs hold potential value for understanding how channel regulation and post‐translational modification are influenced during development and in response to diseases and disorders of the nervous system. We have developed chemical reagents patterned after (+)‐saxitoxin (STX) – a potent and reversible inhibitor of multiple NaV isoforms – and affixed with a reactive electrophile and either a biotin cofactor, fluorophore, or ‘click’ functional group for labeling wild‐type channels. Our studies reveal enigmatic structural effects of the probes on the potency and efficiency of covalent protein modification. Among the compounds analyzed, a STX‐maleimide‐coumarin derivative is most effective at irreversibly blocking Na+ conductance when applied to recombinant NaVs and endogenous channels expressed in hippocampal neurons. Mechanistic analysis supports the conclusion that high‐affinity toxin binding is a prerequisite for covalent protein modification. Results from these studies are guiding the development of next‐generation tool compounds for selective modification of NaVs expressed in the plasma membranes of cells.
Cross‐Binding of Adenosine by Aptamers Selected Using Theophylline
Authors: Huang Po‐Jung Jimmy , Evans Natasha M. , Lu Chang , Li Albert Zehan , Dieckmann Thorsten , Liu Juewen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe recently reported that some adenosine binding aptamers can also bind caffeine and theophylline with around 20‐fold lower affinities. This discovery led to the current work to examine the cross‐binding of adenosine to theophylline aptamers. For the DNA aptamer for theophylline, cross‐binding to adenosine was observed, and the affinity was 18 to 38‐fold lower for adenosine based on assays using isothermal titration calorimetry and ThT fluorescence spectroscopy. The binding complexes were characterized using NMR spectroscopy, and both adenosine and theophylline showed an overall similar binding structure to the DNA theophylline aptamer, although small differences were also observed. In contrast, the RNA aptamer did not show binding to adenosine, although both aptamers have very similar relative selectivity for various methylxanthines including caffeine. After a negative selection, a few new aptamers with completely different primary sequences for theophylline were obtained and they did not show binding to adenosine. Thus, there are many ways for aptamers to bind theophylline and some can have cross‐binding to adenosine. In biology, theophylline, caffeine, and adenosine can bind to the same protein receptors to regulate sleep, and their binding to the same DNA motifs may suggest an early role of nucleic acids in similar regulatory functions.
Liquid Metal Alloy Catalysis – Challenges and Prospects
Authors: Ameen Mariam , Jabbar Fahad , Yang Dan , Irfan Mehmood , Krishnamurthi Vaishnavi , Parker. Caiden J. , Zuraiqi Karma , Le Tu C. , Spencer Michelle J. S. , Daeneke Torben , Chiang Ken 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSignificant progress has been made in recent years in the development of liquid metal alloy catalysts. This article provides an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art research pertaining to liquid metal alloy catalysis, including alloy synthesis, reactor design, and theoretical calculations. Different alloy synthesis methods are discussed with a focus on strategies that can achieve colloidal intermetallic structures in liquid metal alloys. Current reactors for liquid metal‐based electrocatalytic and thermochemical processes are summarized. The application of theoretical tools, such as machine learning and computational chemistry to further liquid metal alloy design, is discussed. Finally, an outlook on the technological challenges and our perspective on future research opportunities for liquid metal alloy catalysis are presented.
Study on the Turbulent Vortex Structure Characteristics of a Two‐Layer Impinging Stream Reactor
Authors: Zhang Jianwei , Liu Mingyang , Dong Xin , Feng Ying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe structure of the turbulent vortex in a two‐layer impinging stream reactor was studied by large eddy simulation. The distributions of vortex intensity, turbulent kinetic energy, and shear stress at different Reynolds numbers Re, nozzle spacings L, and nozzle layer spacings are discussed. The relationship between vortex structure and mixing effect in the flow field is revealed. The effects of longitudinal swirls and shear flow characteristics are analyzed. Finally, the field synergy theory is used for evaluation. With increasing Re, the vortex intensity and average shear stress increase. The nozzle spacing and layer spacing affect the mixing effect in the reactor by controlling the change of vortex structure in the flow field. When L/D = 3, where D is the nozzle diameter, the energy loss is the smallest and the mixing effect is the best. The research results provide a theoretical reference for the structural optimization of the impinging stream reactor.
Research Progress on Direct Contact Evaporation Heat Transfer between Two Immiscible Working Fluids
Authors: Fu Hailing , Xiong Wenlin , Liu Wenwen , Qian Tingduoduo , Liu Aocheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe direct contact evaporation heat transfer of two immiscible fluids can realize low‐temperature differential heat transfer, which is an important method to improve the heat transfer coefficient. This article focuses on the dispersed phase of organic working fluids and the continuous phase of immiscible inorganic fluids and summarizes the research on direct contact evaporation heat transfer in the past 15 years. The main research methods include theoretical analysis, numerical models, and experimental research. The evaporation process of a single droplet mainly involves bubble droplet growth, droplet configuration and discriminant, droplet shape change, rising speed and path, etc. In practice, dispersed phases mostly exist in populations, and the research mainly focuses on collisions, coalescence, and rupture between droplets and bubbles, as well as on the number and size distribution. The volumetric heat transfer coefficient is used to reflect the heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger. The factors affecting evaporation heat transfer performance are complex, and increasing the uniform mixing of bubbles is an important method to improve the heat transfer coefficient. In the future, direct contact evaporation heat transfer is expected to be promoted to multiple fields.
Key performance requirements for objective assessment & through‐life management of structures
Authors: Strauss Alfred , Bergmeister Konrad , Vliet Agnieszka Bigaj‐van , Rodríguez Ana Sánchez , Daró Paola , Zimmermann Thomas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe overall process in the life cycle assessment is the condition control of new or existing structures respectively. This is necessary for safeguarding the condition of a structure during its lifetime, and includes condition survey, performance assessment as well as for the evaluation of maintenance strategies. Usually deterministic performance prediction models that describe the future condition through a functional correlation between structure condition characteristics, such as the age of the structure, and the characteristics of mechanical, chemical and physical processes are used to capture the deterioration processes in the life cycle analyses. With increasing experience with the use of surveying technologies for acquiring information related to the current condition of bridges there is an ongoing shift towards data‐informed approaches to condition control. The identification and implementation of key performance indicators may improve existing assessment methods within management system of transport infrastructure. The IM‐SAFE project aims to characterize and systematize performance indicators for bridges. Based on these project outcomes, in this contribution, the systematized performance indicators for bridge systems are be presented and a case study is used to show how performance indicators can be coupled with risk‐based performance requirements, data‐informed assessment methods, inspection and monitoring concepts.
Strategies for low limit maintenance thresholds and condition states for bridge structures
Authors: Strauss Alfred , Bergmeister Konrad , Vliet Agnieszka Bigaj‐van , Daró Paola , Zimmermann Thomas , van Meerveld Hendrik 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe objectives of asset management are to ensure secure service of the objects and/or network, to preserve the infrastructure capital and to maintain the function through their life cycle. Maintenance activities should preserve the performance and future serviceability in such way that an adequate level of reliability with respect to performance requirements applicable to the structure under consideration is preserved. Hence adequate and low limit maintenance should guarantee reliability, safety functionality, availability, maintainability, health and security, as well as environmental and economic performance at the politically agreed level of service. In order to arrange resources, the concept of condition‐states and minimum maintenance thresholds are widely used in context of maintenance planning in many European countries. However, there is no uniform approach defining and rating the condition‐states and setting the low limit maintenance thresholds. In general, national authorities or individual operators are using their own developments which consequently lead to different levels of service. In many cases, the models and criteria used are based on country‐specific experience with implementation of condition‐based maintenance strategies. Moreover, in some European countries, preventive maintenance uses both condition‐based and scheduled maintenance strategy, with certain maintenance measures carried out in a condition‐based manner and some other measures are planned/fixed at certain intervals. In this contribution based on the outcomes of IM‐SAFE project, maintenance concepts, condition‐state definitions and low limit thresholds of maintenance strategies of European countries will be presented, discussed and compared. In addition, a special focus is given to apply sustainable measures and to develop maintenance strategies respecting the European green deal scopes.
Scrutinizing the Performances of Hybrid ANN Models for Forecasting Condition of Bridges
Authors: Elshaboury Nehal , Ben Seghier Mohamed El Amine , Abdelkader Eslam Mohammed , Zayed Tarek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBridges all over the world are vulnerable to severe deterioration agents meanwhile their maintenance budgets are being tightened. This state of affairs necessitates the establishment of an autonomous deterioration model to predict the performance condition of bridges. This research paper explores the implementation of a set of intelligent data driven models to analyze the future condition ratings of bridge decks. These models comprise support vector machines, Gaussian process regression, regression tree, back propagation artificial neural network, Elman recurrent neural network, cascade forward neural network, long short‐term memory network and deep convolutional neural network. The performance comparison is carried out using five evaluation metrics of root mean squared percentage error, mean absolute percentage error, root mean squared error mean absolute error and relative absolute error. The models herein are developed and validated using the structural deterioration information retrieved from the National Bridge Inventory (NBI). It can be argued that the developed deterioration model could be implemented by departments of transportation to analyze and monitor the performance condition behavior of bridge components over their useful lifetime.
A Novel Chaotic Optimization‐Oriented Model for Bridge Maintenance and Rehabilitation Planning
Authors: Abdelkader Eslam Mohammed , Ben Seghier Mohamed El Amine , Elshaboury Nehal , Zayed Tarek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe rise in percentage of deteriorated bridges coupled with the escalation of maintenance costs call for systematic bridge management systems. Therefore, this research paper introduces an exponential chaotic differential evolution (ECDE) model for optimizing bridge maintenance plans at both project and network levels. The developed optimization model is envisioned on addressing the performance, economic, social, and environmental aspects of bridge maintenance management. In addition, it exploits the use of chaotic sequences to circumvent the critical shortcomings of local minima entrapment and premature convergence encountered by classical optimization metaheuristics. The validity of the developed model is experimented using a comparative analysis of a wide set bridge elements and over a varying multi‐year maintenance plan. Comparison results reveal that ECDE‐based Sinusoidal algorithm improve the performance diagnostics of classical meta‐heuristics by values ranging from 49.2% to 73.1% over the multi‐year maintenance plans. It can be argued that the developed model could benefit transportation agencies in formulating flexible, sustainable, and cost‐effective maintenance strategies in addition to preserving the structural condition of designated bridges in the network.
BIM‐based immersive meetings for optimized maintenance management of bridge structures
Authors: Jahnke Christoph , Jäkel Jan‐Iwo , Bott Dörte , Meyer‐Westphal Markus , Klemt‐Albert Katharina , Marx Steffen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlong the long service life of the approximately 65,000 bridges in Germany of more than 50 years, it requires the execution of many meetings under the participation of many different parties. These meetings are still location‐bound and run very manually using analog inventory documentation. For an optimization, further digitization as well as dissolution of the location dependency at the structure, immersive technologies can be used in connection with digital twins of bridge structures.This article presents an approach for a location‐independent meeting at the bridge structure under the integration and possibility of interaction of all actors and linking of the digital and physical world. A digital building model of the bridge serves as the data basis and immersive technologies such as augmented and virtual reality as the output and interaction technology. In the first section, the status quo is elaborated based on a literature review. This is followed by the presentation of the theoretical concept. In the next step, the concept is implemented and validated by using a real bridge demonstrator. Finally, further development possibilities as well as still existing challenges are derived.The result of the article shows a concept and the first feasibility of location‐independent meetings in the maintenance management of a bridge by merging the following elements.