bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The coordinated regulation of early meiotic stages is dominated by non‐coding RNAs and stage‐specific transcription in wheat
Authors: Jiang Yunfei , N'Diaye Amidou , Koh Chu Shin , Quilichini Teagen D. , Shunmugam Arun S. K. , Kirzinger Morgan W. , Konkin David , Bekkaoui Yasmina , Sari Ehsan , Pasha Asher , Esteban Eddi , Provart Nicholas J. , Higgins James D. , Rozwadowski Kevin , Sharpe Andrew G. , Pozniak Curtis J. , Kagale Sateesh 
Published: January 2023

SUMMARYReproductive success hinges on precisely coordinated meiosis, yet our understanding of how structural rearrangements of chromatin and phase transitions during meiosis are transcriptionally regulated is limited. In crop plants, detailed analysis of the meiotic transcriptome could identify regulatory genes and epigenetic regulators that can be targeted to increase recombination rates and broaden genetic variation, as well as provide a resource for comparison among eukaryotes of different taxa to answer outstanding questions about meiosis. We conducted a meiotic stage‐specific analysis of messenger RNA (mRNA), small non‐coding RNA (sncRNA), and long intervening/intergenic non‐coding RNA (lincRNA) in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and revealed novel mechanisms of meiotic transcriptional regulation and meiosis‐specific transcripts. Amidst general repression of mRNA expression, significant enrichment of ncRNAs was identified during prophase I relative to vegetative cells. The core meiotic transcriptome was comprised of 9309 meiosis‐specific transcripts, 48 134 previously unannotated meiotic transcripts, and many known and novel ncRNAs differentially expressed at specific stages. The abundant meiotic sncRNAs controlled the reprogramming of central metabolic pathways by targeting genes involved in photosynthesis, glycolysis, hormone biosynthesis, and cellular homeostasis, and lincRNAs enhanced the expression of nearby genes. Alternative splicing was not evident in this polyploid species, but isoforms were switched at phase transitions. The novel, stage‐specific regulatory controls uncovered here challenge the conventional understanding of this crucial biological process and provide a new resource of requisite knowledge for those aiming to directly modulate meiosis to improve crop plants. The wheat meiosis transcriptome dataset can be queried for genes of interest using an eFP browser located at https://bar.utoronto.ca/efp_wheat/cgi-bin/efpWeb.cgi?dataSource=Wheat_Meiosis.
Physical Testing Campaign Facilitating Validation of Welded Steel Structures by Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Eriksson Martin , Nyberg Magnus , Andersen Michael , Nielsen Jørgen , Tychsen Jesper 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Non-linear finite element (FE) analysis is a powerful tool for determination of ultimate capacities of steel components. To produce reliable predictions of structural strength, it is of fundamental importance that non-linear finite element analyses are based on a validated methodology. This paper focuses on physical test campaigns, which are designed with the purpose of providing an experimental foundation for calibrated and validated non-linear finite element assessments of plated components, which form part of typical offshore structures. The experimental work discussed in the current paper is a continuation of the experiments of tubular members and joints, which were carried out by Maersk Oil in the late nineties. The objective is that the two-test campaigns together shall allow for development of a non-linear finite element methodology with calibrated failure criteria providing either characteristic or mean level of capacity/response for the main details in typical offshore structures. This paper particularly focuses on the testing campaign completed in 2017 which forms the basis for the calibration of the failure criteria covering plated sections.
Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation Analysis of a Curved Solar Air Heater With a Sinusoidal Absorber Plate
Authors: Katoch Harsh , Rathore Sushil Kumar , Mund Chinmaya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recently, many studies have reported that a curved solar air heater (CSAH) performs better than a conventional flat SAH without using any extra material. It only requires geometrical modification. The present investigation is a two-dimensional numerical study of flow, heat transfer, and entropy generation characteristics of a CSAH having a sinusoidal profile absorber plate. Reynolds number (Re) and relative roughness pitch (λ/a) have been varied from 3800 to 18,000 and 7.143 to 17.857, respectively, while keeping the value of relative roughness height (a/Dh) at 0.042. The finite volume method (FVM) and SST k–ω model have been used to solve the governing equations. The average Nusselt number and average friction factor have been calculated to find the thermo-hydraulic performance parameter (THPP), which further helped determine the optimal arrangement of the number of sinusoidal waves in the absorber plate of the SAH. The maximum value of THPP developed with the proposed setup was found to be 5.9778. Turbulent flow features have been represented in the form of contours. Correlations have also been developed for Nuavg_r and favg_r as a function of Re and λ/a. Entropy generation per unit length due to heat transfer and fluid friction has been graphically represented.
Rapid Computation of Resonant Frequencies for Nonproportionally Damped Systems Using Dual Oscillators
Authors: Sanders John W. , Inman Daniel J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany oscillatory systems of engineering and scientific interest (e.g., mechanical metastructures) exhibit nonproportional damping, wherein the mass-normalized damping and stiffness matrices do not commute. A new modal analysis technique for nonproportionally damped systems, referred to as the “dual-oscillator approach to complex-stiffness damping,” was recently proposed as an alternative to the current standard method originally developed by Foss and Traill-Nash. This article presents a critical comparison of the two approaches, with particular emphasis on the time required to compute the resonant frequencies of nonproportionally damped linear systems. It is shown that, for degrees-of-freedom greater than or equal to nine, the dual-oscillator approach is significantly faster (on average) than the conventional approach, and that the relative computation speed actually improves with the system’s degree-of-freedom. With 145 degrees-of-freedom, for example, the dual-oscillator approach is about 25% faster than the traditional approach. The difference between the two approaches is statistically significant, with attained significance levels less than machine precision. This suggests that the dual-oscillator approach is the faster of the two algorithms for computing resonant frequencies of nonproportionally damped discrete linear systems with large degrees-of-freedom, at least within the limits of the present study. The approach is illustrated by application to a model system representative of a mechanical metastructure.
The Effect of Part and Whole Practice on Learning Lay-Up Shot Skill in Young and Adolescent Male Students
Authors: Moradi Jalil , Maleki Mohammad , Moradi Hadi 
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effect of part and whole practice on learning basketball lay-up shot skill in young and adolescent male students. Participants were randomly divided into four groups of part and whole practice, namely, part practice-young, whole practice-young, part practice-adolescent, and whole practice-adolescent. After a pretest in basketball lay-up shot test, the training protocol was held for 5 weeks (three sessions per week). After the last training session, the posttest was taken, and 1 week after the posttest, a retention test was performed. The results in the acquisition stage showed a significant difference between the four groups (p = .03). The post hoc test results showed that there was no significant difference between the part and whole practice groups. Also, in the retention phase, there was no significant difference between the groups. However, the part practice-young group performed better than the whole practice-young group, while the whole practice-adolescent group performed better than the part practice-adolescent. According to the research findings, it can be concluded that age is probably not an effective factor in the effectiveness of part and whole practice in learning basketball lay-up shot. However, more research with more practice trials is needed in this regard.
Descriptive epidemiology of the cholera outbreak in Zimbabwe 2018–2019: role of multi-sectorial approach in cholera epidemic control
Authors: Mashe Tapfumanei , Chaibva Blessmore V , Nair Parvati , Sani Khalil A , Jallow Musa , Tarupiwa Andrew , Goredema Alexander , Munyanyi Manes , Chimusoro Anderson , Mpala Nkosilathi , Masunda Kudzai P E , Duri Clemence , Chonzi Prosper , Phiri Isaac 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis study was conducted to explore the epidemiology and microbiological pattern of the cholera outbreaks that occurred in Zimbabwe from 2018 to 2019.Study setting and designThis descriptive study used secondary data of 9971 out of 10 730 suspected cases from the Zimbabwean National Diseases Surveillance system and microbiology data of 241 out of 371 patients from the National Microbiology Reference Laboratory in Harare, for the period 5 September 2018 and 3 January 2019. Descriptive analysis was performed to describe the characteristics of the outbreak in terms of person, place and time.ResultsA cumulative total of 10 730 suspected, 371 laboratory-confirmed cholera cases and 68 deaths were reported in Zimbabwe through the situation analysis report (sitrep). The attack rate during the outbreak was 174.6 per 100 000 with a case fatality rate of 0.63%. Most cases seen were among adults from Harare province. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing results showed that a multidrug resistant strain ofVibrio choleraeO1, Ogawa serotype was responsible for the outbreak. The treatment of cases was changed from the standard recommended medicine ciprofloxacin to azithromycin as confirmed by the antimicrobial sensitivity test results. Strategies employed to contain the outbreak included mass oral cholera vaccination in the hotspot areas of Harare, provision of improved and appropriate sanitation measures, provision of safe and adequate water, chlorination of water and improved waste management practice.ConclusionsThe recurrence of a cholera outbreak is a global concern, especially with the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains of the causal organism. Improving water, sanitation, hygiene infrastructure, health system strengthening measures and inter-sectoral collaboration in responding to the cholera outbreak was key to controlling the outbreak.
Interventions facilitating the involvement of relatives of patients with acquired brain injury or malignant brain tumour through the course of disease: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Guldager Rikke , Nordentoft Sara , Aadal Lena , Loft Mia Ingerslev , Vilhelmsen Maria Amalie , Poulsen Ingrid 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionResearch identifying the needs of relatives of patients with an acquired brain injury or malignant brain tumours is emerging, and the importance of relative involvement is widely acknowledged. However, the intention of involvement does not seem to be present in current practice and healthcare professionals’ routines. The complexity of involvement of relatives is comprehensive, and there is a lack of overview of interventions facilitating and enhancing involvement of relatives. This scoping review aims to identify and map the available evidence on interventions facilitating involvement of relatives of patients with acquired brain injury or malignant brain tumour throughout the disease trajectory.Methods and analysisThe proposed scoping review will be performed following the Joanna Briggs Institute’s methodology for scoping reviews. Published and unpublished literature in English, Scandinavian and German from January 2010 to August 2022 will be considered. The searches will be conducted using electronic bibliographic databases. This scoping review will consider studies describing interventions provided by multidisciplinary healthcare professionals. The key aspects of the interventions could, for example, be educational, informational, emotional, social or physical support aiming towards involvement of the relatives. This scoping review will consider all study designs, except for literature reviews of all types and designs. The data will be extracted using a data extraction tool developed to record specific data, including details of authors, year of publication, country, setting, study population, study design and key aspects of the intervention (mode, duration, intensity, provider) and type of primary and secondary outcomes applied to measure the interventions. The results will be presented in tabular form, accompanied by a descriptive summary related to the objective of the present scoping review.Ethics and disseminationThis scoping review is conducted as part of a larger postdoc project, which has been approved by the Danish Data Protection Agency (ID P-2020–547). The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal and presented at local, national and international conferences on brain injuries and brain cancer.
Association between preoperative autonomic nervous system function and post-induction hypotension in elderly patients: a protocol for a cohort study
Authors: Cui Quexuan , Che Lu , Zang Han , Yu Jiawen , Xu Li , Huang Yuguang 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionPost-induction hypotension (PIH), which is prevalent among elderly patients, is associated with adverse perioperative outcomes. As a critical part of blood pressure regulation, baroreflex control is believed to be closely related to intraoperative blood pressure fluctuations. Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability measurement can aid evaluation of patients’ autonomic function. This study aims to determine the association between preoperative decreased baroreflex function and PIH in elderly patients.Methods and analysisThis prospective cohort study will enrol patients who are 65 years old and above, scheduled for elective non-cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia, and American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I–III (n=180). Baseline assessment will include routine preoperative evaluations as well as symptoms and anamneses associated with baroreflex failure. Preoperative autonomic function monitoring will be performed through 20 min of continuous beat-to-beat heart rate and blood pressure monitoring using LiDCO rapid (Masimo Corporation, USA). The primary outcome will be PIH. Detailed use of anaesthetic agents during induction and maintenance will be documented for adjustment in multivariable analyses.Ethics and disseminationThe Research Ethics Committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital approved the study protocol (I-22PJ008). We aim to publish and disseminate our findings in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT05425147.
Technical note on the exploration of COVID-19 in autopsy material
Authors: Humphries Matthew Phillip , Bingham Victoria , Abdullah Sidi Fatima , Craig Stephanie , Lara Beatrize , El-daly Hesham , O'Doherty Nicole , Maxwell Perry , Lewis Claire , McQuaid Stephen , Lyness James , James Jacqueline , Snead David R J , Salto-Tellez Manuel 
Published: January 2023

Interrogation of immune response in autopsy material from patients with SARS-CoV-2 is potentially significant. We aim to describe a validated protocol for the exploration of the molecular physiopathology of SARS-CoV-2 pulmonary disease using multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF).The application of validated assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in tissues, originally developed in our laboratory in the context of oncology, was used to map the topography and complexity of the adaptive immune response at protein and mRNA levels.SARS-CoV-2 is detectable in situ by protein or mRNA, with a sensitivity that could be in part related to disease stage. In formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pneumonia material, multiplex immunofluorescent panels are robust, reliable and quantifiable and can detect topographic variations in inflammation related to pathological processes.Clinical autopsies have relevance in understanding diseases of unknown/complex pathophysiology. In particular, autopsy materials are suitable for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 and for the topographic description of the complex tissue-based immune response using mIF.
Byssinosis and lung health among cotton textile workers: baseline findings of the MultiTex trial in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Nafees Asaad Ahmed , Muneer Muhammad Zia , Irfan Muhammad , Kadir Muhammad Masood , Semple Sean , De Matteis Sara , Burney Peter , Cullinan Paul 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the association of exposure in cotton mills in Karachi with different definitions of byssinosis and lung health.MethodsThis cross-sectional survey took place between June 2019 and October 2020 among 2031 workers across 38 spinning and weaving mills in Karachi. Data collection involved questionnaire-based interviews, spirometry and measurements of personal exposure to inhalable dust. Byssinosis was defined using both WHO symptoms-based (work-related chest tightness), and Schilling’s criteria (symptoms with decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Values of FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio below the lower limit of normality on postbronchodilator test were considered as ‘chronic airflow obstruction’ (CAO).Results56% of participants had at least one respiratory symptom, while 43% had shortness of breath (grade 1). Prevalence of byssinosis according to WHO criteria was 3%, it was 4% according to Schilling’s criteria, and likewise for CAO. We found low inhalable dust exposures (geometric mean: 610 µg/m3). Cigarette smoking (≥3.5 pack-years), increasing duration of employment in the textile industry and work in the spinning section were important factors found to be associated with several respiratory outcomes.ConclusionWe found a high prevalence of respiratory symptoms but a low prevalence of byssinosis. Most respiratory outcomes were associated with duration of employment in textile industry. We have discussed the challenges faced in using current, standard guidelines for identifying byssinosis.
Female-biased association of NOS2-c.1823C>T (rs2297518) with co-susceptibility to metabolic syndrome and asthma
Authors: Aftabi Younes , Gilani Neda , Ansarin Atefeh , Amiri-Sadeghan Amir , Bakhtiyari Nasim , Seyyedi Maryam , Faramarzi Elnaz , Sharifi Akbar , Ansarin Khalil , Seyedrezazadeh Ensiyeh 
Published: January 2023

The nitric oxide (NO) pathway contributes to the pathogeneses of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and asthma. NOS2 encodes inducible-NO synthase, which is an important enzyme of the pathway, and its variations could affect the risk of asthma and MetS and thereby co-susceptibility to them. This study aims to estimate the association of NOS2-c.1823C>T with risk of asthma, MetS, and asthma with MetS condition (ASMetS), and with asthma stages: intermittent, mild, moderate, and severe asthma. The study included asthmatics ( n = 555), MetS ( n = 334), and ASMetS cases ( n = 232) and 351 controls, which were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP method. The T allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma and MetS in the sample population and females. CT genotype and CT+TT model were significantly associated with increased risk of ASMetS in females. A significant association between CT genotype and increased risk of ASMetS in the sample population and females was found in ASMetS versus MetS. In the sample population and among females, the T allele was significantly associated with severe asthma. The rs2297518 single nucleotide polymorphism of NOS2 contributes to the risk of MetS, asthma, and co-susceptibility to them, and this contribution may be stronger in females compared to males.
The resonances in the $$^{22}$$Ne+$$\alpha $$ fusion reactions
Authors: Wiescher M. , deBoer R. J. , Görres J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe interplay and correlation between the $$^{22}$$

22

Ne$$(\alpha ,\gamma )^{26}$$

(
α
,
γ
)

26

Mg and the competing $$^{22}$$

22

Ne$$(\alpha ,n)^{25}$$

(
α
,
n
)

25

Mg reaction plays an important role for the interpretation of the $$^{22}$$

22

Ne$$(\alpha ,n)^{25}$$

(
α
,
n
)

25

Mg reaction as a neutron source in the s- and n-processes. This paper provides a summary and new data on the $$\alpha $$
α
-cluster and single-particle structure of the compound nucleus $$^{26}$$

26

Mg and the impact on the reaction rate of these two competing processes in stellar helium burning environments.
The LARES 2 satellite, general relativity and fundamental physics
Authors: Ciufolini Ignazio , Paolozzi Antonio , Pavlis Erricos C. , Ries John C. , Matzner Richard , Paris Claudio , Ortore Emiliano , Gurzadyan Vahe , Penrose Roger 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLARES 2, successfully launched on July 13, 2022, is a new generation laser-ranged satellite. LARES is an acronym for LAser RElativity Satellite. The first LARES satellite was successfully launched on February 13, 2012 with the ESA-ASI-AVIO launch vehicle VEGA. LARES 2 was injected with extremely high precision onto a high-altitude orbit at about 5900 km altitude with the new ESA-ASI-AVIO launch vehicle VEGA C. Laser-ranged satellites have many applications, including to test Einstein’s theory of general relativity. The main general relativistic phenomenon that LARES 2 will test with high accuracy is the dragging of inertial frames, or frame-dragging. It will also test other aspects and principles of fundamental physics and general relativity, such as the weak equivalence principle at the foundation of viable gravitational theories. Frame-dragging is the name Einstein himself gave in 1913 to an intriguing phenomenon of general relativity which implies that a current of mass-energy, such as the rotation of a body, will generate spacetime curvature. Frame-dragging has a key role in high energy astrophysics, e.g., in the generation of gravitational waves by the collision of two black holes to form a rotating black hole. Frame-dragging by the rotating Earth was measured to a few percent accuracy by combining the data of the satellites LARES, LAGEOS and LAGEOS 2 (Ciufolini et al. in Eur Phys J C 79:872, 2019). LARES 2, thanks to its extremely high injection precision, is projected to improve the test of frame-dragging by at least an order of magnitude. LARES 2 has also relevant applications in space geodesy and geodynamics, e.g., in the study of the shape of the Earth and in the determination of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) by improving the determination of the Earth center of mass and by contributing to a better determination of its rotation axis.