bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro activity of exebacase against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilms on orthopedic Kirschner wires
Authors: Karau Melissa J. , Mandrekar Jay , Lehoux Dario , Schuch Raymond , Cassino Cara , Patel Robin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrthopedic foreign body-associated infection can be difficult to treat due to the formation of biofilms protecting microorganisms from both antimicrobials and the immune system. Exebacase is an antistaphylococcal lysin (cell wall hydrolase) under consideration for local treatment for biofilm-based infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). To determine the activity of exebacase, we formed MRSA biofilms on orthopedic Kirschner wires and exposed them to varying concentrations (0.098, 0.98, 9.8 mg/ml) of exebacase and/or daptomycin over 24 h. The biofilm consisted of 5.49 log10 colony forming units (cfu)/K-wire prior to treatment and remained steady throughout the experiment. Exebacase showed significant biofilm reduction at all timepoints (up to 5.78 log10 cfu/K-wire; P < 0.0495) compared to the controls at all concentrations and all time points with bactericidal activity (> 3 log10 cfu/K-wire reduction) observed for up to 12 h for the 0.098 and 0.98 mg/ml concentrations and at 24 h for 9.8 mg/ml. Daptomycin showed significant biofilm reduction, although non-bactericidal, at all time points for 0.98 and 9.8 mg/ml and at 4 and 8 h with 0.098 mg/ml (P < 0.0495). This study supports further evaluation of local administration of exebacase as a potential treatment for orthopedic implant infections.
Effect of fenofibrate and selective PPARα modulator (SPPARMα), pemafibrate on KATP channel activity and insulin secretion
Authors: Kitamura Shigeki , Murao Naoya , Yokota Shoko , Shimizu Masaru , Ono Tomoyuki , Seino Yusuke , Suzuki Atsushi , Maejima Yuko , Shimomura Kenju 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Insulin secretion is regulated by ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in pancreatic beta-cells. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) α ligands are clinically used to treat dyslipidemia. A PPARα ligand, fenofibrate, and PPARγ ligands troglitazone and 15-deoxy-∆12,14-prostaglandin J2 are known to close KATP channels and induce insulin secretion. The recently developed PPARα ligand, pemafibrate, became a new entry for treating dyslipidemia. Because pemafibrate is reported to improve glucose intolerance in mice treated with a high fat diet and a novel selective PPARα modulator, it may affect KATP channels or insulin secretion.

Results
The effect of fenofibrate (100 µM) and pemafibrate (100 µM) on insulin secretion from MIN6 cells was measured by using batch incubation for 10 and 60 min in low (2 mM) and high (10 mM) glucose conditions. The application of fenofibrate for 10 min significantly increased insulin secretion in low glucose conditions. Pemafibrate failed to increase insulin secretion in all of the conditions experimented in this study. The KATP channel activity was measured by using whole-cell patch clamp technique. Although fenofibrate (100 µM) reduced the KATP channel current, the same concentration of pemafibrate had no effect. Both fenofibrate and pemafibrate had no effect on insulin mRNA expression.
Revision of the Middle Triassic coelacanth Ticinepomis Rieppel 1980 (Actinistia, Latimeriidae) with paleobiological and paleoecological considerations
Authors: Ferrante Christophe , Furrer Heinz , Martini Rossana , Cavin Lionel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCoelacanths form today an impoverished clade of sarcopterygian fishes, which were somewhat more diverse during their evolutionary history, especially in the Triassic. Since the first description of the coelacanth Ticinepomis peyeri from the Besano Formation of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Monte San Giorgio (Canton Ticino, Switzerland), the diversity of coelacanths in the Middle Triassic of this area of the western Paleo-Tethys has been enriched with discoveries of other fossil materials. At Monte San Giorgio, two specimens of Heptanema paradoxum and several specimens of the unusual coelacanth Rieppeliaheinzfurreri, have been reported from the Meride Limestone and the Besano Formation, respectively. Another unusual coelacanth, Foreyia maxkuhni, and two specimens referred to Ticinepomis cf. T. peyeri have been described from the isochronous and paleogeographical close Prosanto Formation at the Ducanfurgga and Strel sites (near Davos, Canton Graubünden). In the framework of the revision of the coelacanth material from the Besano Formation kept in the collection of the Paläontologisches Institut und Museum der Universität Zürich (Switzerland), we reviewed the genus Ticinepomis on the basis of the holotype and four new referred specimens. Several morphological traits that were little and/or not understood in T. peyeri are here clarified. We re-evaluate the taxonomic attribution of the material of Ticinepomis cf. T. peyeri from the Prosanto Formation. Morphological characters are different enough from the type species, T. peyeri, to erect a new species, Ticinepomis ducanensis sp. nov., which is shown to be also present in the Besano Formation of Monte San Giorgio, where it is represented by fragmentary bone elements. The recognition of a new coelacanth species indicates that the diversity of this slow-evolving lineage was particularly high in this part of the Western Tethys during the Middle Triassic, especially between 242 and 240 million years ago.
Microbial community coalescence and nitrogen cycling in simulated mortality decomposition hotspots
Authors: Keenan Sarah W. , Emmons Alexandra L. , DeBruyn Jennifer M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The pulsed introduction of dead plant and animal material into soils represents one of the primary mechanisms for returning organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) compounds to biogeochemical cycles. Decomposition of animal carcasses provides a high C and N resource that stimulates indigenous environmental microbial communities and introduces non-indigenous, carcass-derived microbes to the environment. However, the dynamics of the coalesced microbial communities, and the relative contributions of environment- and carcass-derived microbes to C and N cycling are unknown. To test whether environment-derived, carcass-derived, or the combined microbial communities exhibited a greater influence on C and N cycling, we conducted controlled laboratory experiments that combined carcass decomposition fluids and soils to simulate carcass decomposition hotspots. We selectively sterilized the decomposition fluid and/or soil to remove microbial communities and create different combinations of environment- and carcass-derived communities and incubated the treatments under three temperatures (10, 20, and 30 °C).

Results
Carcass-derived bacteria persisted in soils in our simulated decomposition scenarios, albeit at low abundances. Mixed communities had higher respiration rates at 10 and 30 °C compared to soil or carcass communities alone. Interestingly, at higher temperatures, mixed communities had reduced diversity, but higher respiration, suggesting functional redundancy. Mixed communities treatments also provided evidence that carcass-associated microbes may be contributing to ammonification and denitrification, but that nitrification is still primarily carried out by native soil organisms.

Conclusions
Our work yields insight into the dynamics of microbial communities that are coalescing during carcass decomposition, and how they contribute to recycling carcasses in terrestrial ecosystems.
Experimental Study of the Flexural Behaviour of RC Beams Made of Eco-friendly Sawdust Concrete and Strengthened by a Wooden Plate
Authors: Maglad Ahmed M. , Mansour Walid , Fayed Sabry , Tayeh Bassam A. , Yosri Ahmed M. , Hamad M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the effectiveness of the strengthening by a wooden plate for reinforced concrete (RC) beams that incorporate waste sawdust (SD) as a partial substitute for fine aggregate (sand) has been investigated. To this end, two types of concrete mixtures were made: normal concrete (NC) and sawdust concrete (SDC), which was made by substituting 15% of the volume of sand with SD. Five RC beams (100 mm in depth, 200 mm in width, and 1500 mm in length) were experimentally tested for flexural behavior under four-point loading. Three strengthening schemes were used in this study. The first scheme used a wooden plate that was only fixed by an adhesive layer. The second and third schemes were applied by a wooden plate, which was fixed by an adhesive layer and steel angles (two and eleven angles). The findings of the study indicate that although the concrete's workability, compressive, and splitting tensile strengths were reduced with the addition of SD, the ultimate load of the beam with SD was lower than that of the control beam, with a slight variation of approximately 4%. Moreover, strengthening the RC beam with a wooden plate and two steel angles yielded the highest load capacity among all tested beams, 20% higher than the control specimen. The study's findings offered useful information for developing eco-friendly sawdust concrete beams with efficient strengthening techniques for potential future uses.
Sulfur-cycling chemolithoautotrophic microbial community dominates a cold, anoxic, hypersaline Arctic spring
Authors: Magnuson Elisse , Altshuler Ianina , Freyria Nastasia J. , Leveille Richard J. , Whyte Lyle G. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background

Gypsum Hill Spring, located in Nunavut in the Canadian High Arctic, is a rare example of a cold saline spring arising through thick permafrost. It perennially discharges cold (~ 7 °C), hypersaline (7–8% salinity), anoxic (~ 0.04 ppm O2), and highly reducing (~ − 430 mV) brines rich in sulfate (2.2 g.L−1) and sulfide (9.5 ppm), making Gypsum Hill an analog to putative sulfate-rich briny habitats on extraterrestrial bodies such as Mars.

Results

Genome-resolved metagenomics and metatranscriptomics were utilized to describe an active microbial community containing novel metagenome-assembled genomes and dominated by sulfur-cycling Desulfobacterota and Gammaproteobacteria. Sulfate reduction was dominated by hydrogen-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophic Desulfovibrionaceae sp. and was identified in phyla not typically associated with sulfate reduction in novel lineages of Spirochaetota and Bacteroidota. Highly abundant and active sulfur-reducing Desulfuromusa sp. highly transcribed non-coding RNAs associated with transcriptional regulation, showing potential evidence of putative metabolic flexibility in response to substrate availability. Despite low oxygen availability, sulfide oxidation was primarily attributed to aerobic chemolithoautotrophic Halothiobacillaceae. Low abundance and transcription of photoautotrophs indicated sulfur-based chemolithoautotrophy drives primary productivity even during periods of constant illumination.

Conclusions
We identified a rare surficial chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-cycling microbial community active in a unique anoxic, cold, hypersaline Arctic spring. We detected Mars-relevant metabolisms including hydrogenotrophic sulfate reduction, sulfur reduction, and sulfide oxidation, which indicate the potential for microbial life in analogous S-rich brines on past and present Mars.
Translation and validation of a Chinese version of the body talk scale for women and men
Authors: He Jinbo , Lu Yining , Barnhart Wesley R. , Tang Chanyuan , Zhang Hengyue , Zhao Yiqing , Lin Linda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBody talk has received increasing research attention in recent years, with accumulating evidence supporting the link between body talk and eating and body image disturbances. However, research on body talk in China is still relatively scarce and generally focused on fat talk, especially in women, and much remains unknown about muscle talk and positive body talk for both Chinese women and men. To promote a better understanding of body talk in the Chinese context, the present study adapted the Body Talk Scale (BTS) into Chinese Mandarin (i.e., C-BTS) and evaluated the factor structure and psychometric properties of the C-BTS in Chinese adult women and men. The English version of the BTS was translated into Chinese Mandarin with standard procedures. With 300 Chinese women (Mage = 29.48 years, SD = 7.26) and 300 men (Mage = 29.36 years, SD = 6.81), we examined the factor structure and gender invariance of the C-BTS, as well as internal consistency reliability, test–retest reliability, and construct validity, including convergent, concurrent, and incremental validity of the C-BTS. The results indicated that, consistent with the development study of the BTS, the C-BTS had three subscales (i.e., Negative Fat Talk, Negative Muscle Talk, and Positive Body Talk) and good reliability and validity. The findings demonstrate that the C-BTS can be a useful measure of body talk in both Chinese women and men.
A case report of anal fistula-associated mucinous adenocarcinoma developing 3 years after treatment of perianal abscess
Authors: Koizumi Michihiro , Matsuda Akihisa , Yamada Takeshi , Morimoto Koji , Kubota Itaru , Kubota Yawara , Tamura Shuzo , Tominaga Kenta , Sakatani Takashi , Yoshida Hiroshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
A long-standing (over 10 years) anal fistula is considered a fundamental cause of fistula-associated mucinous adenocarcinoma (FAMC). Perianal abscesses and anal fistulas are two sequential phases of the same anorectal infectious process. We experienced a case of FAMC which developed 3 years after the treatment of a perianal abscess.

Case presentation
A 68-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of progressive anal pain and a palpable tumor. She had a history of undergoing a drainage operation for a perianal abscess 3 years previously. A 15 × 15-mm tumor at the former drainage site was identified; transanal ultrasonography showed an intersphincteric fistula connecting to the tumor. A biopsy taken from the tumor demonstrated mucinous adenocarcinoma; the tumor was diagnosed as FAMC. Laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection was performed. Histopathology showed highly dysplastic cells lining the lumen of the anal fistula and poorly differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma proliferating in the dermis and epidermis in the distal aspect of the fistula.

Conclusions
FAMC can develop within fewer than 3 years after the development of a perianal abscess and anal fistula.
Limited Effects of Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation on Exercise Training Responses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hogwood Austin C. , Anderson Kara C. , Ortiz de Zevallos Joaquin , Paterson Craig , Weltman Arthur , Allen Jason D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Inorganic nitrate (NO3−) supplementation is purported to benefit short-term exercise performance, but it is unclear whether NO3− improves longer-term exercise training responses (such as improvements in VO2peak or time to exhaustion (TTE)) versus exercise training alone. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the effects of NO3− supplementation combined with exercise training on VO2peak and TTE, and to identify potential factors that may impact outcomes.

Methods
Electronic databases (PubMed, Medscape, and Web of Science) were searched for articles published through June 2022 with article inclusion determined a priori as: (1) randomized placebo-controlled trials, (2) exercise training lasted at least three weeks, (3) treatment groups received identical exercise training, (4) treatment groups had matched VO2peak at baseline. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 tool. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using restricted maximum likelihood estimation between pre- and post-training differences in outcomes. Moderator subgroup and meta-regression analyses were completed to determine whether the overall effect was influenced by age, sex, NO3− dosage, baseline VO2peak, health status, NO3− administration route, and training conditions.

Results
Nine studies consisting of eleven trials were included: n = 228 (72 females); age = 37.7 ± 21 years; VO2peak: 40 ± 18 ml/kg/min. NO3− supplementation did not enhance exercise training with respect to VO2peak (SMD: 0.18; 95% CI: -0.09, 0.44; p = 0.19) or TTE (SMD: 0.08; 95% CI: − 0.21, 0.37; p = 0.58). No significant moderators were revealed on either outcome. Subset analysis on healthy participants who consumed beetroot juice (BRJ) revealed stronger trends for NO3− improving VO2peak (p = 0.08) compared with TTE (p = 0.19), with no significant moderators. Sunset funnel plot revealed low statistical power in all trials.

Conclusions
NO3− supplementation combined with exercise training may not enhance exercise outcomes such as VO2peak or TTE. A trend for greater improvement in VO2peak in healthy participants supplemented with BRJ may exist (p = 0.08). Overall, future studies in this area need increased sample sizes, more unified methodologies, longer training interventions, and examination of sex as a biological variable to strengthen conclusions.
Impact of egg mass layers and scale thicknesses of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on the parasitic performance of Trichogrammatoidea bactrae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)
Authors: Mohamed Hend O. , El-Heneidy A. H. , Dahi Hassan F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the new alien destructive pests of maize and other 350 economic crops. The majority of farmers are still depended upon chemical insecticides to suppress the pest, but S. frugiperda has succeeded to develop resistance against most of the chemical families. Improving an effective environmentally-friendly approach is highly recommended. Therefore, the egg parasitoids are the best weapon for managing the FAW in the early egg stage due to the feeding behavior of their larvae. In this regard, the impact of FAW egg mass layers and scale thicknesses, as physical barriers, on the parasitic performance of the egg-parasitoid species, Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), in non-choice and choice tests was assessed. Besides, the efficacy of FAW-produced adult wasps on the next generation based on the rates of parasitism, adults' emergence, and female progeny was determined.

Results
Obtained results exhibited that T. bactrae was able to parasitize all exposed FAW egg masses but with different rates related to the layers’ number and scales' thicknesses in both tests. One-layer (83.18, 78.24%) and two-layer egg masses (65.99, 76.42%) had significantly the highest parasitism rate, while three layers (42.15, 46.05%) was the least one, in both tests, respectively. All parasitoids emerged after 10–12 days with high rates (~ 88–98%) from all the tested egg masses, and the majority offspring were female-biased in both tests. Furthermore, parasitic performance in F1 progeny was similar with that recorded in parental generation in terms of parasitism rate, high parasitoid emergency (~ 87–95%), and strongly female-biased (~ 68–76%) in all the exposed egg masses.

Conclusions
The egg parasitoid, T. bactrae, could be an efficient and recommended bio-control agent against FAW as its greatest ability to overcome the layers’ number and scales’ thickness.
Multidisciplinary management of invasive vertebral hemangioma: the role of different neurointervention modalities—a retrospective study
Authors: Sultan Ahmed Elsayed , Hassan Tamer , Abdelbary Mohamed , Elwany Amr 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Catastrophic intraoperative bleeding is a major complication of surgical removal of invasive vertebral hemangioma. Interventional neuroradiology techniques could be more useful tools to manage such hemorrhagic lesions.

Results
Retrospective analysis of cases of invasive vertebral hemangioma revealed 17 cases treated at the Alexandria University School of Medicine from 2006 to 2020. The study included 52.9% of males with a mean age of 38.4 ± 18.6 years old. All patients reported local and sometimes radicular pain; 64.7% exhibited progressive neurological deficits. Imaging revealed thoracic spine affection in 11 cases, lumbar vertebral in four cases, and cervical vertebra in two cases. Vertebral involvement occurred in 10 cases and paravertebral extension in 13 cases. Neurointervention modalities included transarterial embolization followed by corpectomy and fixation (one case with C4 lesion), direct surgery with corpectomy and anterior fixation (one case with C7 lesion), vertebroplasty alone (four cases), vertebroplasty with fixation (seven cases), and direct transpedicular alcohol injection with immediate devascularization and necrosis of the vascular channels inside the lesions (six cases). The alcohol injection use ranged from 4 to 10 ml in each pedicle. All patients did well during the follow-period post-intervention. The neurological deficits improved over six months. All patients showed improved Nurick grade regardless of the intervention (preoperative mean 2.7 ± 1.9 vs. postoperative mean 1.1 ± 1.3, p value 0.0001). Two patients were completely paraplegic, but with intact deep sensation, they improved dramatically and can walk unsupported post-intervention.

Conclusions
Vertebral hemangioma can present in an invasive manner that necessitates intervention. Preoperative embolization, alcohol injection, or vertebroplasty are helpful methods to decrease intraoperative catastrophic hemorrhage. Alcohol injection is cost-effective with immediate devascularization of the lesion. The extensive 360 surgery utilization can be decreased with the use of alcohol and vertebroplasty. More cases are needed to validate these conclusions.
Dynamic energy pricing considering agent specific losses in residential energy hubs
Authors: Kidd Braden 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe rise of distributed energy generation and storage is creating new opportunities for energy consumers to actively engage with energy markets. Achieving these potential benefits will require the implementation of new business models to address limitations of existing market structures. One promising area of research involves the use of decentralised energy trading markets. These markets can increase renewable energy generation through improved infrastructure utilisation and financial returns. However, facilitating these markets is challenging due to the constraints of physical laws and energy losses. The model presented in this paper addresses these challenges by demonstrating an energy market structure for local energy trading that accounts for physical constraints and losses. It fairly allocates the gains of trade and incentivises agents to minimise distribution losses. This market structure can be implemented with existing metering data and approximate values of electrical distribution network properties.