bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intravenous thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke during two COVID-19 outbreaks in China: Wuhan pandemic and Beijing pandemic
Authors: Li Guangshuo , Wang Shang , Wang Chuanying , Hao Yahui , Xiong Yunyun , Ding Zeyu , Zhao Xingquan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the emergency department (ED). Door-to-needle time (DNT) could be prolonged for intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) treatment. We aimed to investigate the impact of two COVID-19 pandemics on the workflow of IVT in our neurovascular ED.

Method
We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who received IVT treatment in the neurovascular ED of Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing, from January 20, 2020, to October 30, 2020, covering two COVID-19 pandemics in China. The time-based performances of IVT treatment including onset-to-arrival time, arrival-to-CT time, CT-to-needle time, door-to-needle time, and onset-to-needle time were recorded. Data on clinical characteristics and imaging information were also collected.

Results
Four hundred forty patients that received IVT were enrolled in this study. The number of patients admitted to our neurovascular ED began to decrease in December 2019 and was the lowest in April 2020 (n = 95). Longer DNT (Wuhan pandemic: 49.00 [35.00, 64.00] min; Beijing pandemic: 55.00 [45.50, 77.00] min) interval delays were observed during the two pandemics (p = .016). More patients admitted during the two pandemics had an ‘unknown’ subtype (Wuhan pandemic: 21.8%; Beijing pandemic: 31.4%. p = .008). The percentage of the cardiac embolism subtype was higher during the Wuhan pandemic (20.0%) than during other periods. The median admission NIHSS score increased during the Wuhan pandemic and the Beijing pandemic (8.00 [4.00, 12.00], 7.00 [4.50, 14.00], respectively, p < .001).

Conclusion
The number of patients who received IVT decreased during the Wuhan pandemic. Higher admission NIHSS scores and prolonged DNT intervals were also observed during the Wuhan pandemic and the Beijing pandemic.
Dose frequency randomized controlled trial for Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing (DTTC) treatment for childhood apraxia of speech: protocol paper
Authors: Iuzzini-Seigel Jenya , Case Julie , Grigos Maria I. , Velleman Shelley L. , Thomas Donna , Murray Elizabeth 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a pediatric motor-based speech sound disorder that requires a specialized approach to intervention. The extant literature on the treatment of CAS commonly recommends intensive treatment using a motor-based approach, with some of the best evidence supporting the use of Dynamic Temporal and Tactile Cueing (DTTC). To date, a rigorous and systematic comparison of high and low dose frequency (i.e., frequency of therapy sessions) has not been undertaken for DTTC, resulting in a lack of evidence to guide decisions about the optimal treatment schedule for this intervention. The current study aims to fill this gap in knowledge by comparing treatment outcomes when dose frequency is varied.

Methods
A randomized controlled trial will be conducted to examine the efficacy of low versus high dose frequency on DTTC treatment outcomes in children with CAS. A target of 60 children, 2;6–7;11 years of age, will be recruited to participate in this study. Treatment will be provided in the community setting by speech-language pathologists who have completed specialized training administering DTTC in a research reliable manner. True randomization with concealed allocation will be used to assign children to either the low or high dose frequency group. Treatment will be administered in 1-h sessions either 4 times per week over a 6-week period (high dose) or 2 times per week over a 12-week period (low dose). To measure treatment gains, probe data will be collected before treatment, during treatment, and 1 day, 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks post-treatment. Probe data will consist of customized treated words and a standard set of untreated words to assess generalization of treatment gains. The primary outcome variable will be whole word accuracy, encompassing segmental, phonotactic, and suprasegmental accuracy.

Discussion
This will be the first randomized controlled trial to evaluate dose frequency for DTTC treatment in children with CAS.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05675306, January 6, 2023.
Increased EEG gamma power under exposure to drug-related cues: a translational index for cue-elicited craving in METH-dependent individuals
Authors: Li Dong-xu , Zhou Xiang-yi , Lin Qian-qian , Wu Yue , Hu Cheng , Shen Zhi-hua , Wang Yong-guang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This study explored the feasibility of using EEG gamma-band (30–49 Hz) power as an index of cue-elicited craving in METH-dependent individuals.

Methods
Twenty-nine participants dependent on methamphetamine (METH) and 30 healthy participants were instructed to experience a METH-related virtual reality (VR) social environment.

Results
Individuals with METH dependence showed significantly stronger self-reported craving and higher gamma power in a VR environment than healthy individuals. In the METH group, the VR environment elicited a significant increase in gamma power compared with the resting state. The METH group then received a VR counterconditioning procedure (VRCP), which was deemed useful in suppressing cue-induced reactivity. After VRCP, participants showed significantly lower self-reported craving scores and gamma power when exposed to drug-related cues than the first time.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that the EEG gamma-band power may be a marker of cue-induced reactivity in patients with METH dependence.
Prevalence of prediabetes and associated factors among community members in rural Isingiro district
Authors: Ampeire Isaac Petit , Kawugezi Peter Chris , Mulogo Edgar Mugema 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In rural Uganda a significant number of persons afflicted with pre-diabetes are unaware of the condition. This is likely to lead to diabetic complications resulting in catastrophic health expendirure.The burden of prediabetes in rural Isingiro has not previously been determined. This study examined the prevalence of prediabetes and the associated factors among rural community members.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey and enrolled 370 participants aged between 18 and 70 years in the Kabuyanda sub-county, rural Isingiro district in march 2021. Multistage sampling and systematic random sampling were conducted to select eligible households. Data was collected using a pretested WHO STEP-wise protocol questionnaire. The primary outcome was prediabetes (FBG = 6.1mmol/l to 6.9mmol/l), calculated as a proportion. Participants known to be diabetic or on medication were excluded. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression model were performed for data analysis using STATA.

Results
The prevalence of prediabetes was 9.19% (95% CI 6.23–12.14). Independent factors significantly associated with pre-diabetes were; advancing age [AOR = 5.7, 95% CI:1.03–32.30], moderate-intensity work [AOR = 2.6,95% CI:1.23–5.63], high level of consumption of a healthy diet [AOR = 5.7, 95% CI:1.67–19.05] and body mass index [AOR = 3.7, 95% CI:1.41–9.20].

Conclusion
Prediabetes is prevalent among adult community members in rural Isingiro, southwestern Uganda. Age and lifestyle factors predict prediabetes in this rural population, suggesting a need for targeted health promotion interventions.
Influence of design implant and apical depth in post-extraction sockets: an in vitro simulated study
Authors: Cavalcante Marcelo Sales , Ferraro-Bezerra Marcelo , de Barros Silva Paulo Goberlanio , Andrade Gabriel Silva , Alencar Phillipe Nogueira Barbosa , da Silva Ferreira Filho Josfran , Maia Lucas Alexandre , da Silva Raul Anderson Domingues Alves , Moreira Danna Mota , Avelar Rafael Linard 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background

Implant design and apical stability are principal parameters involved in achieving successful primary stability. Using polyurethane models to simulate post-extraction sockets, we investigated the effects of using differing blade designs on the primary stability of tapered implants and the impact of apical depth.

Method
Six polyurethane blocks were used to simulate post-extraction pockets. One of the implants presented self-tapping blades (Group A), while the other (Group B) did not. Seventy-two implants were placed at 3 different depths (5 mm, 7 mm, and 9 mm), and a torque wrench was used to measure the stability of the implants.

Results
When evaluating the implants (placed at 5 mm, 7 mm, and 9 mm apical to the socket), we observed that the torque of the Group B implants was higher than that of Group A implants (P < 0.01). At the 9-mm depth, there was no difference between the groups (Drive GM 34.92 Ncm and Helix GM 32.33 Ncm) (P > 0.001), and considering the same implant groups, those placed at 7-mm and 9-mm depths presented higher torques (p < 0.01) than those placed at 5-mm (p > 0.01).

Conclusion
Considering both groups, we concluded that an insertion depth of greater than 7 mm is needed for initial stability, and in situations involving reduced supportive bone tissue or low bone density, a non-self-tapping thread design improves implant stability.
Public health nurses experience of mental health encounters in the context of primary health care: a constructivist grounded theory study
Authors: Nilsson Emmy , Johanson Suzanne , Behm Lina , Bejerholm Ulrika 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In primary health care people with mental health needs are often overlooked or masked with physical complaints. It has been suggested that public health nurses lack sufficient knowledge when encountering people with mental health problems. Low levels of mental health literacy among professionals are associated with negative patient outcome. There is a need to understand public health nurses process and strategies used when encountering a person with mental health problems in order to promote mental health. This study aimed to construct a theory that explains the process of public health nurses experience when encountering people with mental health problems based on their knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about mental health.

Methods
A constructivist grounded theory design was used to meet the aim of the study. Interviews were conducted with 13 public health nurses working in primary health care between October 2019 and June 2021, and the data analysis was performed according to the principles of Charmaz.

Results
The core category, “Public health nurses as a relationship builder – to initiate the dialogue” reflected the process while the main categories “Being on your own”, “Being on top of things- knowing your limits”, and “Professional comfort zone” reflected conditions that were decisive for initiating a dialogue.

Conclusion
Managing mental health encounters in primary health care was a personal and complex decision-making process that depends on the public health nurses’ professional comfort zone and acquired mental health literacy. Narratives of the public health nurses helped to construct a theory and understand the conditions for recognizing, managing and promoting mental health in primary health care.
Identification of two novel lipid metabolism-related long non-coding RNAs (SNHG17 and LINC00837) as potential signatures for osteosarcoma prognosis and precise treatment
Authors: Tang Zhifang , Feng Hanzhen , Shu Longjun , Guo Minzheng , Qi Baochuang , Pu Luqiao , Shi Hongxin , Ren Junxiao , Li Chuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
Dysregulated lipid metabolism enhances the development and advancement of many cancers, including osteosarcoma (OS); however, the underlying mechanisms are still largely unknown. Therefore, this investigation aimed to elucidate novel potential lipid metabolism-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that regulate OS development and provide novel signatures for its prognosis and precise treatment.

Materials and methods
The GEO datasets (GSE12865 and GSE16091) were downloaded and analyzed using R software packages. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to evaluate protein levels in OS tissues while real-time qPCR was used to measure lncRNA levels, and MTT assays were used to assess OS cell viability.

Results
Two lipid metabolism-associated lncRNAs (LM-lncRNAs), small nucleolar RNA host gene 17 (SNHG17) and LINC00837, were identified as efficient and independent prognostic indicators for OS. In addition, further experiments confirmed that SNHG17 and LINC00837 were significantly elevated in OS tissues and cells than para-cancerous counterparts. Knockdown of SNHG17 and LINC00837 synergistically suppressed the viability of OS cells, whereas overexpression of the two lncRNAs promoted OS cell proliferation. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis was conducted to construct six novel SNHG17-microRNA-mRNA competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, and three lipid metabolism-associated genes (MIF, VDAC2, and CSNK2A2) were found to be abnormally upregulated in OS tissues, suggesting that they were potential effector genes of SNHG17.

Conclusion
In summary, SNHG17 and LINC00837 were found to promote OS cell malignancy, suggesting their use as ideal biomarkers for OS prognosis and treatment.
International practice patterns of dyslipidemia management in patients with chronic kidney disease under nephrology care: is it time to review guideline recommendations?
Authors: Calice-Silva Viviane , Muenz Daniel , Wong Michelle M. Y. , McCullough Keith , Charytan David , Reichel Helmut , Robinson Bruce , Stengel Benedicte , Massy Ziad A. , Pecoits-Filho Roberto ,   on behalf of CKDopps Investigators, Lopes Antonio , Combe Christian , Jacquelinet Christian , Massy Ziad , Duttlinger Johannes , Fliser Danilo , Lonnemann Gerhard , Wada Takashi , Yamagata Kunihiro , Pisoni Ron , Calice-Silva Viviane , Sesso Ricardo , Speyer Elodie , de Pinho Natalia Alencar , Asahi Koichi , Hoshino Junichi , Narita Ichiei , Perlman Rachel , Port Friedrich , Sukul Nidhi , Wong Michelle , Young Eric , Zee Jarcy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
In contrast to guidelines related to lipid therapy in other areas, 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines recommend conducting a lipid profile upon diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and treating all patients older than 50 years without defining a target for lipid levels. We evaluated multinational practice patterns for lipid management in patients with advanced CKD under nephrology care.

Methods
We analyzed lipid-lowering therapy (LLT), LDL- cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and nephrologist-specified LDL-C goal upper limits in adult patients with eGFR < 60 ml/min from nephrology clinics in Brazil, France, Germany, and the United States (2014–2019). Models were adjusted for CKD stage, country, cardiovascular risk indicators, sex, and age.

Results
LLT treatment differed significantly by country, from 51% in Germany to 61% in the US and France (p = 0.002) for statin monotherapy. For ezetimibe with or without statins, the prevalence was 0.3% in Brazil to 9% in France (< 0.001). Compared with patients not taking lipid-lowering therapy, LDL-C was lower among treated patients (p < 0.0001) and differed significantly by country (p < 0.0001). At the patient level, the LDL-C levels and statin prescription did not vary significantly by CKD stage (p = 0.09 LDL-C and p = 0.24 statin use). Between 7—23% of untreated patients in each country had LDL-C ≥ 160 mg/dL. Only 7–17% of nephrologists believed that LDL-C should be < 70 mg/dL.

Conclusion
There is substantial variation in practice patterns regarding LLT across countries but not across CKD stages. Treated patients appear to benefit from LDL-C lowering, yet a significant proportion of hyperlipidemia patients under nephrologist care are not receiving treatment.
Three-port approach vs conventional laparoscopic radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Dai Shuxin , Liu Chang , Jiang Zhiwei , Teng Xiangyu , Yan Songbai , Xia Dian , Tuo Zhouting , Wang Xin , Wang Qi , Bi Liangkuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of patients who underwent three-port laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) with orthotopic neobladder (ONB) and traditional five-port method.

Methods
From January 2017 to November 2020, 100 patients underwent LRC + ONB at a third-level grade A hospital.

Results
Our study included 55 patients who underwent three-port LRC and 45 patients who underwent the five-port method. There were no significant differences in perioperative data such as operation time (253.00 ± 43.89 vs. 259.07 ± 52.31 min, P = 0.530), estimated blood loss (EBL)(97.64 ± 59.44 vs. 106.67 ± 55.35 min, P = 0.438), day to flatus (2.25 ± 1.49 vs. 2.76 ± 1.77 days, P = 0.128), day to regular diet (7.07 ± 2.99 vs. 7.96 ± 3.32 days, P = 0.165), day to pelvic drain removal (9.58 ± 3.25 vs. 10.53 ± 3.80 days, P = 0.180), and hospital stay after operation (11.62 ± 3.72 vs. 11.84 ± 4.37 days, P = 0.780) between the two groups. The only significant difference was in the treatment cost (P = 0.035). Similarly, postoperative complications, quality of life, and tumor outcomes were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
The three-port method is safe and feasible for patients suitable for traditional five-port LRC with an orthotopic neobladder.
Interactions between carnivore species: limited spatiotemporal partitioning between apex predator and smaller carnivores in a Mediterranean protected area
Authors: Ferretti Francesco , Oliveira Raquel , Rossa Mariana , Belardi Irene , Pacini Giada , Mugnai Sara , Fattorini Niccolò , Lazzeri Lorenzo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
There is need of information on ecological interactions that keystone species such as apex predators establish in ecosystems recently recolonised. Interactions among carnivore species have the potential to influence community-level processes, with consequences for ecosystem dynamics. Although avoidance of apex predators by smaller carnivores has been reported, there is increasing evidence that the potential for competitive-to-facilitative interactions is context-dependent. In a protected area recently recolonised by the wolf Canis lupus and hosting abundant wild prey (3 ungulate species, 20–30 individuals/km2, together), we used 5-year food habit analyses and 3-year camera trapping to (i) investigate the role of mesocarnivores (4 species) in the wolf diet; (ii) test for temporal, spatial, and fine-scale spatiotemporal association between mesocarnivores and the wolf.

Results
Wolf diet was dominated by large herbivores (86% occurrences, N = 2201 scats), with mesocarnivores occurring in 2% scats. We collected 12,808 carnivore detections over > 19,000 camera trapping days. We found substantial (i.e., generally ≥ 0.75, 0–1 scale) temporal overlap between mesocarnivores—in particular red fox—and the wolf, with no support for negative temporal or spatial associations between mesocarnivore and wolf detection rates. All the species were nocturnal/crepuscular and results suggested a minor role of human activity in modifying interspecific spatiotemporal partitioning.

Conclusions
Results suggest that the local great availability of large prey to wolves limited negative interactions towards smaller carnivores, thus reducing the potential for spatiotemporal avoidance. Our study emphasises that avoidance patterns leading to substantial spatiotemporal partitioning are not ubiquitous in carnivore guilds.
Novel evaluation of upper-limb motor performance after stroke based on normal reaching movement model
Authors: Moon James Hyungsup , Kim Jongbum , Hwang Yeji , Jang Sungho , Kim Jonghyun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Upper-limb rehabilitation robots provide repetitive reaching movement training to post-stroke patients. Beyond a pre-determined set of movements, a robot-aided training protocol requires optimization to account for the individuals’ unique motor characteristics. Therefore, an objective evaluation method should consider the pre-stroke motor performance of the affected arm to compare one’s performance relative to normalcy. However, no study has attempted to evaluate performance based on an individual’s normal performance. Herein, we present a novel method for evaluating upper limb motor performance after a stroke based on a normal reaching movement model.

Methods
To represent the normal reaching performance of individuals, we opted for three candidate models: (1) Fitts’ law for the speed-accuracy relationship, (2) the Almanji model for the mouse-pointing task of cerebral palsy, and (3) our proposed model. We first obtained the kinematic data of healthy (n = 12) and post-stroke (n = 7) subjects with a robot to validate the model and evaluation method and conducted a pilot study with a group of post-stroke patients (n = 12) in a clinical setting. Using the models obtained from the reaching performance of the less-affected arm, we predicted the patients’ normal reaching performance to set the standard for evaluating the affected arm.

Results
We verified that the proposed normal reaching model identifies the reaching of all healthy (n = 12) and less-affected arm (n = 19; 16 of them showed an R2 > 0.7) but did not identify erroneous reaching of the affected arm. Furthermore, our evaluation method intuitively and visually demonstrated the unique motor characteristics of the affected arms.

Conclusions
The proposed method can be used to evaluate an individual’s reaching characteristics based on an individuals normal reaching model. It has the potential to provide individualized training by prioritizing a set of reaching movements.
Evolution of the major alcohol companies key global policy vehicle through the prism of tax records 2011–19
Authors: Lesch Matthew , McCambridge Jim 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Important insights have been generated into the nature of the activities of the International Center for Alcohol Policies (ICAP). Its successor, the International Alliance for Responsible Drinking (IARD) is less well understood. This study aims to rectify evidence limitations on the political activities of the alcohol industry at the global level.

Methods
Internal Revenue Service filings were examined for ICAP and IARD each year between 2011 and 2019. Data were triangulated with other sources to establish what could be gleaned on the internal workings of these organisations.

Results
The stated purposes of ICAP and IARD are near identical. The main declared activities were similar for both organisations and comprised public affairs/policy, corporate social responsibility, science/research and communications. Both organisations work extensively with external actors and it has become possible more recently to identify the main contractors supplying services to IARD.

Discussion
This study sheds light on the political activities of the alcohol industry at the global level. It suggests that the evolution of ICAP into IARD has not been accompanied by shifts in the organisation and activities of the collaborative efforts of the major alcohol companies.

Conclusion
Alcohol and global health research and policy agendas should give careful attention to the sophisticated nature of industry political activities.