bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How both positive and burdensome caregiver experiences are associated with care recipient cognitive performance: Evidence from the National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving
Authors: Wennberg Alexandra M. , Anderson Loretta R. , Cagnin Annachiara , Chen-Edinboro Lenis P. , Pini Lorenzo 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionBeing an informal caregiver to a person with chronic disease, including persons living with dementia (PLWD), is a big role to take on and many caregivers experience both substantial burden and emotional reward related to caregiving. Care recipient factors (e.g., behavioral symptoms) are associated with caregiver experience. However, the relationship between caregiver and care recipient is bidirectional, so it is likely that caregiver factors impact the care recipient, though few studies have investigated this.MethodsIn the 2017 round of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) and National Study of Caregiving (NSOC), we studied 1,210 care dyads-−170 PLWD dyads and 1,040 without dementia dyads. Care recipients completed immediate and delayed word list memory tasks, the Clock Drawing Test, and a self-rated memory rating, while caregivers were interviewed about their caregiving experiences using a 34-item questionnaire. Using principal component analysis, we created a caregiver experience score with three components—Practical Care Burden, Positive Care Experiences, and Emotional Care Burden. We then investigated the cross-sectional association between caregiver experience components and care recipient cognitive test performance using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, race, and depressive and anxiety symptoms.ResultsAmong PLWD dyads, a higher caregiver Positive Care Experiences score was associated with better care recipient performance on the delayed word recall (B = 0.20, 95% CI 0.05, 0.36) and Clock Draw (B = 0.12, 95% CI 0.01, 0.24) tests while higher Emotional Care Burden score was associated with worse self-rated memory score (B = −0.19, 95% CI −0.39, −0.003). Among participants without dementia, higher Practical Care Burden score was associated with poorer care recipient performance on the immediate (B = −0.07, 95% CI −0.12, −0.01) and delayed (B = −0.10, 95% CI −0.16, −0.05) word recall tests.DiscussionThese findings support the concept that caregiving is bidirectional within the dyad and that positive variables can positively impact both members of the dyad. This suggests that caregiving interventions should target the caregiver and recipient both individually and as a unit, with the goal of holistically improving outcomes for both.
Simulations of sea surface reflection for V-band O2 differential absorption radar barometry
Authors: Lin Bing , Mclinden Matthew Walker , Heymsfield Gerald M. , Hu Yongxiang , Privé Nikki , Li Lihua , Harrah Steven , Horgan Kevin , Cai Xia , Carswell Jim 
Published: February 2023

This study simulates V-band sea surface reflectance and normalized radar cross-section (NRCS) for sea surface air pressure barometry using a differential absorption radar operating at three spectrally even spaced close frequency bands (65.5, 67.75 and 70.0 GHz) with ± 15° cross-track scanning angle. The reflectance ratios of two neighboring frequency pairs and the ratio of the two ratios or three-channel approach are the focus of this study. Impacts of major sea surface geophysical variables such as sea surface temperature, wind, salinity, whitecap, and incidence angle on these reflection properties are analyzed. The reflection simulation is essentially based on geometric optics of rough sea surface. Simulation shows that NRCS values are sufficiently strong within the scanning angle and sea surface salinity would only introduce minimal variations in the surface reflection. The impact of sea surface reflection variations with sea surface temperature, wind, and whitecaps on sea surface barometry are mitigated when the ratios of frequency-paired radar signals are used. Furthermore, the ratios of a three-channel approach are very close to unity and calibration or compensation for the reflectance ratios may not be needed for sea level pressure retrievals. These results improve our understanding of sea surface reflection variations and would help the system design and development.
Undertaking rapid evaluations during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from evaluating COVID-19 remote home monitoring services in England
Authors: Walton Holly , Crellin Nadia E. , Sidhu Manbinder S. , Sherlaw-Johnson Chris , Herlitz Lauren , Litchfield Ian , Georghiou Theo , Tomini Sonila M. , Massou Efthalia , Ellins Jo , Sussex Jon , Fulop Naomi J. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionRapid evaluations can offer evidence on innovations in health and social care that can be used to inform fast-moving policy and practise, and support their scale-up according to previous research. However, there are few comprehensive accounts of how to plan and conduct large-scale rapid evaluations, ensure scientific rigour, and achieve stakeholder engagement within compressed timeframes.MethodsUsing a case study of a national mixed-methods rapid evaluation of COVID-19 remote home monitoring services in England, conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, this manuscript examines the process of conducting a large-scale rapid evaluation from design to dissemination and impact, and reflects on the key lessons for conducting future large-scale rapid evaluations. In this manuscript, we describe each stage of the rapid evaluation: convening the team (study team and external collaborators), design and planning (scoping, designing protocols, study set up), data collection and analysis, and dissemination.ResultsWe reflect on why certain decisions were made and highlight facilitators and challenges. The manuscript concludes with 12 key lessons for conducting large-scale mixed-methods rapid evaluations of healthcare services. We propose that rapid study teams need to: (1) find ways of quickly building trust with external stakeholders, including evidence-users; (2) consider the needs of the rapid evaluation and resources needed; (3) use scoping to ensure the study is highly focused; (4) carefully consider what cannot be completed within a designated timeframe; (5) use structured processes to ensure consistency and rigour; (6) be flexible and responsive to changing needs and circumstances; (7) consider the risks associated with new data collection approaches of quantitative data (and their usability); (8) consider whether it is possible to use aggregated quantitative data, and what that would mean when presenting results, (9) consider using structured processes &amp; layered analysis approaches to rapidly synthesise qualitative findings, (10) consider the balance between speed and the size and skills of the team, (11) ensure all team members know roles and responsibilities and can communicate quickly and clearly; and (12) consider how best to share findings, in discussion with evidence-users, for rapid understanding and use.ConclusionThese 12 lessons can be used to inform the development and conduct of future rapid evaluations in a range of contexts and settings.
SEVTAR—A multicenter randomized controlled trial to investigate the impact of prophylactic endoluminal placed vacuum sponge for prevention of anastomotic leakage after low rectal resections
Authors: Schiffmann Leif , Becker Matthias , Develing Leendert , Varga-Szabo David , Scheidereiter-Krüger Caroline , Zirngibl Hubert , Seifert Michael , Biermann Lothar , Schlüter Claudia , Tumczak Felicitas , Weimann Arved , Jansen-Winkeln Boris , Wallstabe Ingo , Schwandner Frank , Denecke Sandra , Schafmayer Clemens , Kamaleddine Imad , Stier Albrecht , Haegele Katharina , Kindler Michael , Michling Sabine , Horling Ernst-Wilhelm , Denzer Ulrike 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundLow anterior resection for rectal cancer is commonly associated with a diverting stoma. In general, the stoma is closed 3 months after the initial operation. The diverting stoma reduces the rate of anastomotic leakage as well as the severeness of a potential leakage itself. Nevertheless, anastomotic leakage is still a life-threatening complication and might reduce the quality of life in the short and long term. In case of leakage, the construction can be converted into a Hartmann situation or it could be treated by endoscopic vacuum therapy or by leaving the drains. In recent years, endoscopic vacuum therapy has become the treatment of choice in many institutions. In this study, the hypothesis is to be evaluated, if a prophylactic endoscopic vacuum therapy reduces the rate of anastomotic leakage after rectal resections.MethodsA multicenter parallel group randomized controlled trial is planned in as many as possible centers in Europe. The study aims to recruit 362 analyzable patients with a resection of the rectum combined with a diverting ileostoma. The anastomosis has to be between 2 and 8 cm off the anal verge. Half of these patients receive a sponge for 5 days, and the control group is treated as usual in the participating hospitals. There will be a check for anastomotic leakage after 30 days. Primary end point is the rate of anastomotic leakages. The study will have 60% power to detect a difference of 10%, at a one-sided alpha significance level of 5%, assuming an anastomosis leakage rate of 10%–15%.DiscussionIf the hypothesis proves to be true, anastomosis leakage could be reduced significantly by placing a vacuum sponge over the anastomosis for 5 days.Trial registrationThe trial is registered at DRKS: DRKS00023436. It has been accredited by Onkocert of the German Society of Cancer: ST-D483. The leading Ethics Committee is the Ethics Committee of Rostock University with the registration ID A 2019–0203.
Application of multimodal analgesia combined with opioid-free anesthetics in a non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery bullectomy: A case report
Authors: Zheng Longbin , Zhang Xiaojing , Ma Qing , Qin Weimin , Liang Wenbo , Ren Zhiqiang , Fan Guoxiang , Yin Ning 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundNon-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NIVATS) has been increasingly applied worldwide owing to its benefits of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Anesthetic management for patients with asthma should focus on minimizing airway stimulation.Case descriptionA 23-year-old male patient with a history of asthma was diagnosed with left-sided spontaneous pneumothorax. The patient then underwent left-sided NIVATS bullectomy under general anesthesia with preserved spontaneous breathing. Left thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) with an injection of 0.375% ropivacaine (30 ml) was performed in the 6th paravertebral space under ultrasound guidance. Anesthesia induction commenced until the cold sensation in the surgical area had disappeared. General anesthesia was induced by midazolam, penehyclidine hydrochloride, esketamine, and propofol and then maintained using propofol and esketamine. Surgery commenced after the patient was positioned in the right lateral recumbency. The collapse of the left lung was satisfactory, and the operative field was ensured after artificial pneumothorax. The surgical procedure was uneventful, intraoperative arterial blood gases were within normal ranges, and vital signs were stable. The patient awakened rapidly without any adverse reactions at the end of the surgery and was then transferred to the ward. During the postoperative follow-up, the patient experienced mild pain 48 h after surgery. The patient was discharged from the hospital 2 days postoperatively and developed no nausea, vomiting, or any other complications.ConclusionThe present case suggests the feasibility of TPVB in combination with non-opioid anesthetics to provide high-quality anesthesia in patients undergoing NIVATS bullectomy.
Remdesivir-induced conduction abnormalities: A molecular model-based explanation
Authors: Kingsley Ryan , Rohlman Christopher , Otto Ashley , Chaudhary Rahul , Phelan David , Kirchoff Robert 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: Remdesivir use in COVID-19 is associated with cardiac conduction abnormalities from unclear mechanisms. A proposed mechanism is the bioaccumulation of the intermediate metabolite GS-441524 resulting in exogenous activation of cardiac adenosine A1 due to the structural similarity between adenosine and GS-441524. The prolonged half-life of GS-441524 can result in sustained activation of adenosine A1 receptors. In this study, we used molecular modeling of adenosine, GS-441524 and the adenosine A1 receptor to assess the potential mechanistic association of the proposed mechanism.Methods: Adenosine and GS-441524 structures were acquired from the PubChem database. Ligand docking was carried out using UCSF Chimera. Models were chosen based on greatest binding affinity and minimum root mean square deviation. Figures of resulting structural models were prepared using UCSF Chimera or PyMOL 2.3.5.Results: By modeling the interaction between the A1 G protein complex and both adenosine and GS-441524, we found that the proposed mechanism of exogenous A1 receptor activation is feasible based on docking compatibility.Conclusion: The proposed mechanism of exogenous cardiac A1 receptor activation from bioaccumulation of GS-441524 as a cause of observed cardiac conduction abnormalities with the use of remdesivir in COVID-19 is viable. Further studies are needed to assess causality.
Heat Transfer Correlations for Smooth and Rough Airfoils
Authors: Samadani Sepehr , Morency François 
Published: February 2023

Low-fidelity methods such as the Blade Element Momentum Theory frequently provide rotor aerodynamic performances. However, these methods must be coupled to databases or correlations to compute heat transfer. The literature lacks correlations to compute the average heat transfer around airfoil. The present study develops correlations for an average heat transfer over smooth and rough airfoil. The correlation coefficients were obtained from a CFD database using RANS equations and the Spalart–Allmaras turbulent model. This work studies the NACA 0009, NACA 0012, and NACA 0015 with and without the leading roughness representative of a small ice accretion. The numerical results are validated against lift and drag coefficients from the literature. The heat transfer at the stagnation point compares well with the experimental results. The database indicates a negligible dependency on airfoil thickness. The work presents two correlations from the database analysis: one for the smooth airfoils and one for the rough airfoils. For the zero lift coefficient, the average Nusselt number is maximum. This increases with Re0.636 for the smooth surface and with Re0.85 for the rough surface. As the lift increases, the average Nusselt is reduced by values proportional to the square of the lift coefficient for the smooth surface, while it is reduced by values proportional to Re and the square of the lift coefficient for the rough surface.
RNA-Sequencing Reveals the Involvement of Sesquiterpene Biosynthesis Genes and Transcription Factors during an Early Response to Mechanical Wounding of Aquilaria sinensis
Authors: Xu Jieru , Du Ruyue , Wang Yue , Chen Jinhui 
Published: February 2023

Plants respond to wounding by reprogramming the expression of genes involved in secondary metabolism. Aquilaria trees produce many bioactive secondary metabolites in response to wounding, but the regulatory mechanism of agarwood formation in the early response to mechanical wounding has remained unclear. To gain insights into the process of transcriptome changes and to determine the regulatory networks of Aquilaria sinensis to an early response (15 days) to mechanical wounding, we collected A. sinensis samples from the untreated (Asc1) and treated (Asf1) xylem tissues and performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). This generated 49,102,523 (Asc1) and 45,180,981 (Asf1) clean reads, which corresponded to 18,927 (Asc1) and 19,258 (Asf1) genes, respectively. A total of 1596 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in Asf1 vs. Asc1 (|log2 (fold change)| ≥ 1, Padj ≤ 0.05), of which 1088 were up-regulated and 508 genes were down-regulated. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs showed that flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis pathways might play important roles in wound-induced agarwood formation. Based on the transcription factor (TF)-gene regulatory network analysis, we inferred that the bHLH TF family could regulate all DEGs encoding for farnesyl diphosphate synthase, sesquiterpene synthase, and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), which contribute to the biosynthesis and accumulation of agarwood sesquiterpenes. This study provides insight into the molecular mechanism regulating agarwood formation in A. sinensis, and will be helpful in selecting candidate genes for improving the yield and quality of agarwood.
Nornidulin, A New Inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum Malate: Quinone Oxidoreductase (PfMQO) from Indonesian Aspergillus sp. BioMCC f.T.8501
Authors: Cahyono Alfian Wika , Fitri Loeki Enggar , Winarsih Sri , Prabandari Erwahyuni Endang , Waluyo Danang , Pramisandi Amila , Chrisnayanti Evita , Dewi Diana , Siska Eka , Nurlaila Nurlaila , Nugroho Nuki Bambang , Nozaki Tomoyoshi , Suciati Suciati 
Published: February 2023

This study aimed to obtain a microbial active compound as a novel antimalarial drug from Indonesian isolates. Target-based assays were used to screen for antimalarial activity against the parasite mitochondrial, Plasmodium falciparum malate:quinone oxidoreductase (PfMQO) enzyme. In total, 1600 crude extracts, composed from 800 fungi and 800 actinomycetes extracts, were screened against PfMQO, yielding six active extracts as primary hits. After several stages of stability tests, one extract produced by Aspergillus sp. BioMCC f.T.8501 demonstrated stable PfMQO inhibitory activity. Several purification stages, including OCC, TLC, and HPLC, were performed to obtain bioactive compounds from this active extract. All purification steps were followed by an assay against PfMQO. We identified the active compound as nornidulin based on its LC-MS and UV spectrum data. Nornidulin inhibited PfMQO activity at IC50 of 51 µM and P. falciparum 3D7 proliferation in vitro at IC50 of 44.6 µM, however, it had no effect on the growth of several mammalian cells. In conclusion, we isolated nornidulin from Indonesian Aspergillus sp. BioMCC f.T.8501 as a novel inhibitor of PfMQO, which showed inhibitory activity against the proliferation of P. falciparum 3D7 in vitro.
Entrepreneurial Competencies among Outgoing Post Graduate Students
Authors: Akila Mary J , Roselin Sathyavathi J.S 
Published: February 2023

Gone are the days when everyone aspired to work for the government. Recently, the pandemic scenario has wreaked havoc on society, causing significant job losses and opening the door to entrepreneurship. The majority of educational systems provide students with training in order for them to take advantage of this opportunity, as well as actively offering them with ideas for entrepreneurship abilities. The goal of the research is to see if the graduating students are prepared to enter the competitive world in the face of the epidemic. The study aims to know whether the outgoing students are capable of entering the competitive world in this pandemic situation. We have collected the data through a framed questionnaire among 100 students. They were assessed in ten core competencies along with the demographic factors among outgoing students from Madurai District.
A Review on Women Agri- Entrepreneurship: Roles and opportunities in Agriculture for Sustainable Growth in India
Authors: Singh Sukhjinder , Rana Akhil , Sharma Neha , Kumar Manish 
Published: February 2023

Agriculture sector provides vast scope for employment generation, sustainable growth, and women empowerment. Continuously growing Indian population requires adequate amount of nutrition forfeeding the youth population to work for countries growth. As per Indian scenario, farmers are giving their best to growing crops as per the need of hour for economic gains and life improvement through livelihood promotions. Indian women have also been playing role in this sector. Empowering Indian women farmers and agripreneurs can lead to increase the income generation and self-sufficiency. There are vast opportunities in agriculture like cultivation of crops with higher economic value,value addition and marketing of agricultural produce on global scale can be vital at this point of time. Indian Women have been actively engaged in all type of agricultural practices to earn economic gains for the family. Still in agriculture sector Indian women farmers condition and status is having labourers tag with themselves. They should be compensated appropriately for their efforts encouraging them to be renowned farm owners and leading agripreneurs in the country. Womenagripreneurs require handholding, technical support and skill development from Government through schemes, initiatives and training programmes. Women agripreneurs are the key to achieve sustainable growth. Although, Government has launched various schemes for upliftment of women agripreneurs but still there is a lot to achieve for enabling women groups from rural and tribal areas to earn economic gains from agriculture sector. This review study provides insights into the scope of agriculture entrepreneurship for upliftment of Indian women. Major roles, opportunities and challenges for Indian women to conquer in agriculture sector to achieve sustainable growth.
Gitanos en Buenos Aires: migración e identidad cultural
Authors: Lagunas David 
Published: February 2023

La tentativa de este texto es explorar la identidad cultural de los Gitanos de Buenos Aires a partir de varias dimensiones clave. Esta identidad es la vida misma de los Calós, el amor a su tiempo y a su espacio, y su respeto a los antepasados y no suele expresarse explícita sino implícitamente y está conectada con lo que otros autores han definido como la construcción del sentido propio y el establecimiento de la presencia gitana en el mundo. Muestra cómo esta migración a Argentina creó un espacio abierto para la inclusión social y la modernización. Y se aborda tentativamente la reproducción familiar y económica como dimensiones clave del sistema histórico y antropológico Caló.
Rapid and sensitive detection of Candida mannan related to the immune system with a plasmonic sensor chip
Authors: Yako Masaya , Taichi Toya , Shimizu Seika , Tawa Keiko , Kurita Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To establish a rapid evaluation method for Candida mannan in the saliva, which is a marker molecule of immunity, we develop a fluorescent immunosensor enhanced with grating-coupled surface plasmon resonance using a plasmonic chip i.e., a metal-coated substrate with a wavelength-sized periodic structure. A two-dimensional hole-array chip with two kinds of pitches of 495 nm × 475 nm is used for fluorescence enhancement. The capture antibody is immobilized to the aminated chip surface via a crosslinker with succinimide at both ends, and a stable capture interface is constructed by covalent bonding. Finally, Candida mannan in the standard solution is measured up to 0.1 ng ml−1. Furthermore, in saliva samples, Candida mannan is quantitatively detected between 0.05 and 0.25 ng ml−1, and the highly sensitive detection with the Candida mannan assay system is indicated.