bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constraints Experienced by the Paddy Farmers in Three Agroclimatic Zones of Telangana State, India
Authors: Rani Akula Latha , Naik V. Ravinder , Reddy M. Jagan Mohan , Sagar G. E. CH. Vidya , Chary D. Srinivasa 
Published: September 2023

The present investigation was conducted during 2021-22 to assess the constraints experienced by the paddy farmers in three agroclimatic zones of farming sustainability in Telangana state. Findings revealed that, constraints such as high cost of seed varieties (I), lack of knowledge and skill for determining economic threshold level of pests and diseases (II), labour scarcity due to Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (I), labour scarcity during peak operations (II), insufficient finance with farmers (I), high rental charges for farm machinery (II), lack of new technologies and uneconomically viable solutions for residue management (I), lack of knowledge about input management (II), lack of information about government schemes (I), lack of information about recent pest-management strategies (II) were the first and second priority constraints under ecological, social, economical, technical and institutional dimensions respectively. Accordingly, Government organisations, NGO’s, ATMA, KVK’s, DAATC’s, SAU’s should look after certain issues such as providing seeds at affordable cost , Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme must give prioritize to agricultural field operations along with other activities, crop loan must be sanctioned to every farmer by considering crop yield assurance and bring out new technologies like happy seeder to remove residues but also allows the farmer to seed the new crop without involving manual labour, which saves time and money for the farmers. Extension education functionaries and line departments experts must use the Situation Based Extension with Participatory Approach (SBEA) in order to effectively overcome constraints and get feedback, which act as source for ATMA action plans to implement at grass root level.
Weighted Lottery to Equitably Allocate Scarce Supply of COVID-19 Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: McCreary Erin K. , Essien Utibe R. , Chang Chung-Chou H. , Butler Rachel A. , Pathak Parag , Sönmez Tayfun , Ünver M. Utku , Steiner Ashley , Chrisman Maddie , Angus Derek C. , White Douglas B. 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceEquitable allocation of scarce medications is an important health policy goal. There are few data about attempts to achieve equitable allocation in the community setting.ObjectiveTo describe the development and use of a weighted lottery to allocate a scarce supply of tixagevimab with cilgavimab as preexposure prophylaxis to COVID-19 for immunocompromised individuals and examine whether this promoted equitable allocation to disadvantaged populations.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis quality improvement study analyzed a weighted lottery process from December 8, 2021, to February 23, 2022, that assigned twice the odds of drug allocation of 450 tixagevimab with cilgavimab doses to individuals residing in highly disadvantaged neighborhoods according to the US Area Deprivation Index (ADI) in a 35-hospital system in Pennsylvania, New York, and Maryland. In all, 10 834 individuals were eligible for the lottery. Weighted lottery results were compared with 10 000 simulated unweighted lotteries in the same cohort performed after drug allocation occurred.Main OutcomesProportion of individuals from disadvantaged neighborhoods and Black individuals who were allocated and received tixagevimab with cilgavimab.ResultsOf the 10 834 eligible individuals, 1800 (16.6%) were from disadvantaged neighborhoods and 767 (7.1%) were Black. Mean (SD) age was 62.9 (18.8) years, and 5471 (50.5%) were women. A higher proportion of individuals from disadvantaged neighborhoods was allocated the drug in the ADI-weighted lottery compared with the unweighted lottery (29.1% vs 16.6%; P &amp;lt; .001). The proportion of Black individuals allocated the drug was greater in the weighted lottery (9.1% vs 7.1%; P &amp;lt; .001). Among the 450 individuals allocated tixagevimab with cilgavimab in the ADI-weighted lottery, similar proportions of individuals from disadvantaged neighborhoods accepted the allocation and received the drug compared with those from other neighborhoods (27.5% vs 27.9%; P = .93). However, Black individuals allocated the drug were less likely to receive it compared with White individuals (3 of 41 [7.3%] vs 118 of 402 [29.4%]; P = .003).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this quality improvement study suggest an ADI-weighted lottery process to allocate scarce resources is feasible in a large health system and resulted in more drug allocation to and receipt of drug by individuals who reside in disadvantaged neighborhoods. Although the ADI-weighted lottery also resulted in more drug allocation to Black individuals compared with an unweighted process, they were less likely to accept allocation and receive it compared with White individuals. Further strategies are needed to ensure that Black individuals receive scarce medications allocated.
Alternative Local Melting‐Solidification of Suspended Nanoparticles for Heterostructure Formation Enabled by Pulsed Laser Irradiation
Authors: Shakeri Mohammad Sadegh , Swiatkowska‐Warkocka Zaneta , Polit Oliwia , Itina Tatiana , Maximenko Alexey , Depciuch Joanna , Gurgul Jacek , Mitura‐Nowak Marzena , Perzanowski Marcin , Dziedzic Andrzej , Nęcki Jarosław 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhase formation by pulsed laser irradiation of suspended nanoparticles has recently been introduced as a promising synthesis technique for heterostructures. The main challenge still lingers regarding the exact mechanism of particle formation due to the non‐equilibrium kinetic by‐products resulting from the localized alternative, fast, high‐temperature nature of the process. Here, the authors analyze the bond breaking/formation of copper or copper (II) interfaces with ethanol during the absorption of pulses for Cu‐CuO‐Cu2O formation applicable as an electrocatalyst in ethanol oxidation fuel cells. This study includes but is not limited to, a comprehensive discussion of the interaction between nano‐laser pulses and suspension for practical control of the synthesis process. The observed exponential and logarithmic changes in the content of heterostructures for the CuO‐ethanol and Cu‐ethanol samples irradiated with different fluences are interpreted as the dominant role of physical and chemical reactions, respectively, during the pulsed laser irradiation of suspensions synthesis. It is also shown that the local interface between dissociated ethanol and the molten sphere is responsible for the oxidative/reductive interactions resulting in the formation of catalytic‐augmented Cu3+ by‐product, thanks to the reactive bond force field molecular dynamics studies confirmed by ab‐initio calculations and experimental observations.
Nerve Visualization using Phenoxazine‐Based Near‐Infrared Fluorophores to Guide Prostatectomy
Authors: Wang Lei G. , Montaño Antonio R. , Masillati Anas M. , Jones Jocelyn A. , Barth Connor W. , Combs Jason R. , Kumarapeli Sashini Udeshika , Shams Nourhan A. , van den Berg Nynke S. , Antaris Alexander L. , Galvis S. N. , McDowall Ian , Rizvi Syed Zaki Husain , Alani Adam W. G. , Sorger Jonathan M. , Gibbs Summer L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFluorescence‐guided surgery (FGS) is poised to revolutionize surgical medicine through near‐infrared (NIR) fluorophores for tissue‐ and disease‐specific contrast. Clinical open and laparoscopic FGS vision systems operate nearly exclusively at NIR wavelengths. However, tissue‐specific NIR contrast agents compatible with clinically available imaging systems are lacking, leaving nerve tissue identification during prostatectomy a persistent challenge. Here, it is shown that combining drug‐like molecular design concepts and fluorophore chemistry enabled the production of a library of NIR phenoxazine‐based fluorophores for intraoperative nerve‐specific imaging. The lead candidate readily delineated prostatic nerves in the canine and iliac plexus in the swine using the clinical da Vinci Surgical System that has been popularized for minimally invasive prostatectomy procedures. These results demonstrate the feasibility of molecular engineering of NIR nerve‐binding fluorophores for ready integration into the existing surgical workflow, paving the path for clinical translation to reduce morbidity from nerve injury for prostate cancer patients.
Regulating Lewis Acid‐Base Interactions to Enhance Stability of Tin Oxide for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Huishu , Du Yi , Fang Song , Chen Xi , Li Xiabing , Guo Yang , Gu Bangkai , Lu Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPerovskite solar cells are an attractive technology for renewable energy production. However, stability issues with the electron transport layer (ETL), particularly the colloidal tin oxide (SnO2) solution, can impact cell efficiency. In this study, a novel acidization treatment is introduced to reactivate long‐time stored SnO2 solutions, which previously led to low‐efficiency perovskite solar cells. The acidization treatment results in enhanced conductivity of the SnO2 layer, improved perovskite film quality, and ultimately increased efficiency. These findings show that a 1‐month stored SnO2 solution treated with acetic acid produces a device with a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.9%, compared to 13.5% efficiency without treatment. With the addition of PEAI, the champion efficiency of the acetic acid‐treated device is 22.3%. This study provides a simple and effective engineering approach to fabricating high‐performance and stable ETLs for perovskite solar cells.
Sustainable Robots 4D Printing
Authors: Soleimanzadeh Hesam , Rolfe Bernard , Bodaghi Mahdi , Jamalabadi Marzieh , Zhang Xiang , Zolfagharian Ali 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNature frequently serves as an inspiration for modern robotics innovations that emphasize secure human–machine interaction. However, the advantages of increased automation and digital technology integration conflict with the global environmental objectives. Accordingly, biodegradable soft robots have been proposed for a range of intelligent applications. Biodegradability provides soft robotics with an extraordinary functional advantage for operations involving intelligent shape transformation in response to external stimuli such as heat, pH, and light. Soft robot fabrication using conventional manufacturing techniques is inflexible, time‐consuming, and labor‐intensive. Recent advances in 3D and 4D printing of soft materials and multi‐materials have become the key to enabling the direct manufacture of soft robotics with complex designs and functions. This review comprises a detailed survey of 3D and 4D printing advances in biodegradable soft sensors and actuators (BSSA), which serve as the most prominent parts of each robotic system. In addition, a concise overview of biodegradable materials for the fabrication of 3D‐printed flexible devices with medical along with industrial applications is provided. A complete summary of current additive manufacturing techniques for BSSA is discussed in depth. Moreover, the concept of biodegradable 4D‐printed soft actuators and sensors and biohybrid soft robots is reviewed.
Toward digitally screening and profiling AD: A GAMLSS approach of MemTrax in China
Authors: Liu Wanwan , Yu Ling , Deng Qiuqiong , Li Yunrong , Lu Peiwen , Yang Jie , Chen Fei , Li Feng , Zhou Xianbo , Bergeron Michael F. , Ashford John Wesson , Xu Qun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPURPOSESTo establish a normative range of MemTrax (MTx) metrics in the Chinese population.METHODSThe correct response percentage (MTx‐%C) and mean response time (MTx‐RT) were obtained and the composite scores (MTx‐Cp) calculated. Generalized additive models for location, shape and scale (GAMLSS) were applied to create percentile curves and evaluate goodness of fit, and the speed‐accuracy trade‐off was investigated.RESULTS26,633 subjects, including 13,771 (51.71%) men participated in this study. Age‐ and education‐specific percentiles of the metrics were generated. Q tests and worm plots indicated adequate fit for models of MTx‐RT and MTx‐Cp. Models of MTx‐%C for the low and intermediate education fit acceptably, but not well enough for a high level of education. A significant speed‐accuracy trade‐off was observed for MTx‐%C from 72 to 94.CONCLUSIONSGAMLSS is a reliable method to generate smoothed age‐ and education‐specific percentile curves of MTx metrics, which may be adopted for mass screening and follow‐ups addressing Alzheimer's disease or other cognitive diseases.Highlights
GAMLSS was applied to establish nonlinear percentile curves of cognitive decline.
Subjects with a high level of education demonstrate a later onset and slower decline of cognition.
Speed‐accuracy trade‐off effects were observed in a subgroup with moderate accuracy.
MemTrax can be used as a mass‐screen instrument for active cognition health management advice.
Nanomedicine‐Enabled Chemical Regulation of Reactive X Species for Versatile Disease Treatments
Authors: Dai Xinyue , Xie Yujie , Feng Wei , Chen Yu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReactive X species (RXS), encompassing elements such as O, N, C, S, Se, Cl, Br, I, and H, play vital roles in cell biology and physiological function, impacting cellular signal transduction, metabolic regulation, and disease processes. The redox unbalance of RXS is firmly implicated in an assortment of physiological and pathological disorders, including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the intricate nature and multifactorial dependence of RXS pose challenges in comprehending and precisely modulating their biological behavior. Nanomaterials with distinct characteristics and biofunctions offer promising avenues for generating or scavenging RXS to maintain redox homeostasis and advance disease therapy. This minireview provides a tutorial summary of the relevant chemistry and specific mechanisms governing different RXS, focusing on cellular metabolic regulation, stress responses, and the role of nanomedicine in RXS generation and elimination. The challenges associated with chemically regulating RXS for diverse disease treatments are further discussed along with the future prospects, aiming to facilitate the clinical translation of RXS‐based nanomedicine and open new avenues for improved therapeutic interventions.
Selectivity Control in the Direct CO Esterification over Pd@UiO‐66: The Pd Location Matters
Authors: Hu Shuaishuai , Xie Chenfan , Xu Yu‐Ping , Chen Xuelu , Gao Ming‐Liang , Wang He , Yang Weijie , Xu Zhong‐Ning , Guo Guo‐Cong , Jiang Hai‐Long 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe selectivity control of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) in the direct CO esterification with methyl nitrite toward dimethyl oxalate (DMO) or dimethyl carbonate (DMC) remains a grand challenge. Herein, Pd NPs are incorporated into isoreticular metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), namely UiO‐66‐X (X=‐H, ‐NO2, ‐NH2), affording Pd@UiO‐66‐X, which unexpectedly exhibit high selectivity (up to 99 %) to DMC and regulated activity in the direct CO esterification. In sharp contrast, the Pd NPs supported on the MOF, yielding Pd/UiO‐66, displays high selectivity (89 %) to DMO as always reported with Pd NPs. Both experimental and DFT calculation results prove that the Pd location relative to UiO‐66 gives rise to discriminated microenvironment of different amounts of interface between Zr‐oxo clusters and Pd NPs in Pd@UiO‐66 and Pd/UiO‐66, resulting in their distinctly different selectivity. This is an unprecedented finding on the production of DMC by Pd NPs, which was previously achieved by Pd(II) only, in the direct CO esterification.
Photocatalytic Oxidative Coupling of Methane over Au1Ag Single‐Atom Alloy Modified ZnO with Oxygen and Water Vapor: Synergy of Gold and Silver
Authors: Wang Yuxiong , Hong Guang , Zhang Yaoyu , Liu Yue , Cen Wanglai , Wang Lianzhou , Wu Zhongbiao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractC−H dissociation and C−C coupling are two key steps in converting CH4 into multi‐carbon compounds. Here we report a synergy of Au and Ag to greatly promote C2H6 formation over Au1Ag single‐atom alloy nanoparticles (Au1Ag NPs)‐modified ZnO catalyst via photocatalytic oxidative coupling of methane (POCM) with O2 and H2O. Atomically dispersed Au in Au1Ag NPs effectively promotes the dissociation of O2 and H2O into *OOH, promoting C−H activation of CH4 on the photogenerated O− to form *CH3. Electron‐deficient Au single atoms, as hopping ladders, also facilitate the migration of electron donor *CH3 from ZnO to Au1Ag NPs. Finally, *CH3 coupling can readily occur on Ag atoms of Au1Ag NPs. An excellent C2H6 yield of 14.0 mmol g−1 h−1 with a selectivity of 79 % and an apparent quantum yield of 14.6 % at 350 nm is obtained via POCM with O2 and H2O, which is at least two times that of the photocatalytic system. The bimetallic synergistic strategy offers guidance for future catalyst design for POCM with O2 and H2O.
Hexaazatriphenylene‐Based Two‐Dimensional Conductive Covalent Organic Framework with Anisotropic Charge Transfer
Authors: Kim Seong‐Wook , Jung Hyeonjung , Okyay Mahmut Sait , Noh Hyuk‐Jun , Chung Sein , Kim Young Hyun , Jeon Jong‐Pil , Wong Bryan M. , Cho Kilwon , Seo Jeong‐Min , Yoo Jung‐Woo , Baek Jong‐Beom 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe development of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with efficient charge transport is of immense interest for applications in optoelectronic devices. To enhance COF charge transport properties, electroactive building blocks and dopants can be used to induce extended conduction channels. However, understanding their intricate interplay remains challenging. We designed and synthesized a tailor‐made COF structure with electroactive hexaazatriphenylene (HAT) core units and planar dioxin (D) linkages, denoted as HD‐COF. With the support of theoretical calculations, we found that the HAT units in the HD‐COF induce strong, eclipsed π–π stacking. The unique stacking of HAT units and the weak in‐plane conjugation of dioxin linkages leads to efficient anisotropic charge transport. We fabricated HD‐COF films to minimize the grain boundary effect of bulk COFs, which resulted in enhanced conductivity. As a result, the HD‐COF films showed an electrical conductivity as high as 1.25 S cm−1 after doping with tris(4‐bromophenyl)ammoniumyl hexachloroantimonate.
Shaping information and knowledge on climate change technologies: A cross‐country qualitative analysis of carbon capture and storage results on Google search
Authors: Rowland Jussara , López‐Asensio Sergi , Bagci Ataberk , Delicado Ana , Prades Ana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCommercial search engines play a central role in shaping, defining, and promoting the information people have access to in contemporary societies. This is particularly true when it comes to emergent technologies, for which there is often limited available information in legacy media and other sources, thus having a strong bearing on public perceptions. In this article, we focus on how the Google search engine promotes information on carbon capture and storage (CCS). We explore how Google's ranking parameters and interface shape the information people access when searching for CCS through a qualitative analysis comparing the results in three countries (France, Spain, and Portugal). We focus on the content of the first search engine result pages (SERP) and consider both Google's ranking criteria and the content and format of promoted sources. The study reveals Google's influence in highlighting Wikipedia pages, Q&A‐formatted sources, and prioritizing online specialized media and private corporations. Additionally, we observe country‐specific variations in terms of actors and types of content, reflecting the level of interest and investment in the topic at the national level. These findings underscore the significant role of search engine mediations in shaping public perceptions and knowledge about emergent climate change technologies.
Redox‐Active Organic Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
Authors: Ding Wei , Xiao Luyi , Lv Li‐Ping , Wang Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDue to their prominent power density, supercapacitors carve out a niche among all the energy storage systems. However, it is also well known that the energy density of supercapacitors takes no advantage over lithium‐ion batteries, the current star energy storage device. Therefore, substantial efforts have been paid to improving the energy density of supercapacitors not at the expense of its power density. To develop electrode with high capacitance is a direct and efficient way to increase the energy storage capability of supercapacitors. Organics whose molecular structure can be diversely designed to achieve high pseudocapacitance arising from redox‐active units in their backbone are good candidates as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Herein, this review summarizes recent progress of redox‐active organic electrode materials for supercapacitors and their pseudocapacitive energy storge mechanisms based on different organic functional groups. From the aspects of their preparation approaches, molecular design and the resultant electrochemical performances, the focus is to probe the relationship between the energy storage mechanisms and the molecular structure of redox‐active units and provide some insights for the further development of organic supercapacitor electrodes.
Röntgenographische Strukturuntersuchung des 1, 3‐Di‐ (p‐brombenzal) ‐cyclopenten‐ (4) ‐on‐ (2)
Authors: Becker K. A. , Plieth K. , Stock P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractZur Strukturaufklärung des 1, 3‐Di‐(p‐brombenzal)‐cyclopenten‐(4)‐on‐(2) werden unter Verwendung von CuKα‐Strahlung Drehkristall‐ und Weissenberg‐Aufnahmen hergestellt. Die Gitterdaten der monoklinen Elementarzelle sind: a = 31, 06 A, b = 6,40 A, c = 8, 02 Å, β = 94, 45°, Z = 4 Formeleinheiten C19H12OBr2 je Zelle, ϱr, = 1, 716 g cm−3. Aus den Auslöschungen und mit Hilfe von zweidimensionalen Patterson‐Synthesen in den Projektionen parallel [001] und [010] können die Raumgruppe Cc und die Br‐Parameter ermittelt werden. Trotz der schlechten Beschaffenheit der Kristalle und des Fehlens höherer Reflex‐Ordnungen gelingt es zu zeigen, daß nur eine ebene oder nahezu ebene Molekülform in trans‐trans Konfiguration in Frage kommen kann.
Polarographische Untersuchungen über die Kinetik der Entladung von Komplex‐Metallionen, insbesondere von Hydroxo‐ und Ammin‐Komplexen des Zinks
Authors: Matsuda Hiroaki , Ayabe Yuzo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEs wird eine Analysenmethode der polarographischen Stromspannungskurve von Komplex‐Metallionen beschrieben, mit deren Hilfe sich wertvolle Informationen über den Entladungsmechanismus erhalten lassen. Dabei wird gezeigt, daß bei Kenntnis der Abhängigkeit der Stromspannungskurve von der Konzentration des Komplexbildners der Durchtrittsfaktor α, die Geschwindigkeitskonstanten (kG)B. (kof)B des Entladungsprozesses und die Koordinationszahl p des entladungsbestimmenden Komplexes ermittelt werden können, wenn die Bedingung Δ √τ < 30 erfüllt wird. [Über die Definition von Δ siehe Gleichung (15) im Text, τ = Tropfzeit.]Als praktische Anwendung des hier vorgeschlagenen Analysenverfahrens werden die Hydroxo‐ und Ammin‐Komplexe des Zinks experimentell untersucht. Hieraus werden folgende Schlüsse gezogen: 1. Bei Hydroxo‐Komplexen liegt in der Lösung im wesentlichen der Komplex [Zn(OH)4]2‐ vor. Die Entladung verläuft aber bei COH ≅ 1 über die Verbindung Zn(OH)2 mit den Zahlenwerten für log (kG)B = ‐ 3,3, · log(kof)B = ‐ 23,8 und α = 0,42. 2. Bei Ammin‐Komplexen erfolgt die Entladung bei CNH3 ≅ 1 über den Komplex [Zn(NH3)2]2+ mit den Zahlenwerten: log (kG)B = ‐ 4,9, log (kof)B = ‐ 32,7 und α = 0,65, obwohl in der Lösung der Komplex [Zn(NH3)4]2+ vorherrscht. Diese Ergebnisse stehen in qualitativer Übereinstimmung mit den Gerischerschen Daten, die mit Hilfe der Wechselstrommethode erhalten worden sind.