bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika melalui Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Two Stay Two Stray
Authors: Ahmad Andi Kamal , Ishak  , Afdalia  
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas X Sains 3 Madrasah Aliah Negeri Pinrang melalui model pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Two Stay Two Stray. Kriteria peningkatan ditinjau dari menjadi indikator keberhasilan penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah:1) Meningkatnya skor rata-rata hasil belajar matematika siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II. 2) Meningkatnya ketuntasan belajar matematika siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II, dimana ketuntasan secara individu tercapai jika siswa memperoleh nilai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) 70 dan ketuntasan secara klasikal tercapai jika diatas 85% jika siswa mencapai nilai 70 KKM dari skor ideal 100. 3) Meningkatnya proses pembelajaran ditinjau dari Aktivitas siswa dengan kategori Baik dan Tanggapan siswa dengan kategori positif terhadap model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Two Stay Two Stray. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran matematika dengan Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Two Stay Two Stray meliputi: 1) Skor rata-rata hasil belajar matematika siswa meningkat pada siklus I sebesar 66,21 menjadi 79,57 pada siklus II. 2) Persentase siswa yang tuntas belajar meningkat yaitu pada siklus I sebesar 61,9% menjadi 90,5% pada siklus II. Dan 3) Aktivitas dan tanggapan siswa meliputi: a) Rata-rata persentase aktivitas siswa dalam proses pembelajaran meningkat sesuai dengan lembar observasi yakni peningkatan dari siklus I sebesar 41% menjadi 47% pada siklus II dan menurunnya aktivitas siswa yang tidak sesuai dengan pembelajaran dari siklus I sebesar 26% menjadi 14% pada siklus II. b) Berdasarkan angket yang diberikan kepada siswa hampir semua siswa menyukai matematika, dan menyukai model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Two Stay Two Stray serta setuju jika model ini diterapkan di sekolah.
PENERAPAN PENDEKATAN PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK SETTING KOOPERATIF TERHADAP PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA
Authors: Ichiana Nidya Nina , Anwar Azwan , Rahmayani Sitti , Razzaq Abdul 
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana pengaruh penerapan pembelajaran realistik setting kooperatif terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII2 SMP Negeri 3 Patampanua Kabupaten Pinrang. Metode penelitian ini adalah menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas (Classroom Action Research), Jenis data yang digunakan yaitu data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Untuk hasil belajar dianalisis secara kuantitatif dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Sedangkan hasil observasi siswa dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitan ini menunjakkan bahwa dalam 2 siklus perubahan-perubahan yang terjadi atas siswa dapat dikemukakan yaitu 1) penerapan pendekatan pembelajaran matematika realistik setting kooperatif dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di kelas VII2 SMP Negeri 3 Patampanua. 2) Hasil belajar matematika siswa mengalami peningkatan, yang meliputi rata-rata skor hasil belajar siswa pada siklus I adalah 20,51 dalam kategori sangat rendah dengan standar deviasi 21,187 dan variansi sebesar 448,906. Sedangkan rata-rata skor hasil belajar siswa pada siklus II sebesar 55,98 dalam kategori sedang dengan standar deviasi 16,89 dan variansi sebesar 285,274. Persentase siswa yang mencapai skor ketuntasan minimal 75 adalah 9,76% atau 4 dari 41 siswa pada siklus I, dan 41,46% atau 17 dari 41 siswa pada siklus II.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa melalui Challenge Based Learning
Authors: Sardi Ahmed , Palimari  , Rahmayani Sitti 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (Clasroom Action Research) yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar fisika siswa kelas X IPA.2 MAN Pinrang yang berjumlah 38 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dua siklus, prosedur kerja setiap siklus berlangsung 4 tahap, yaitu: (1) perencanaan, (2) pelaksanaan, (3) observasi, dan (4) refleksi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan memberikan tes dan pengamatan melalui lembar observasi. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (i) penggunaan model pembelajaran CBL dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, ditandai dengan meningkatnya rata-rata nilai kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada siklus I yaitu 65,97 meningkat menjadi 75,84 di siklus II. Kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa merupakan salah satu indikator yang dapat terlihat untuk menentukan keberhasilan proses belajar siswa. (ii) terjadinya peningkatan presentase aktivitas siswa dari siklus I yaitu 61,18% meningkat menjadi 84,21% di siklus II, menunjukkan bahwa siswa memiliki perhatian besar dan melakukan aktivitas sesuai dengan komponen aktivitas khususnya dalam pembelajaran fisika yang menerapkan metode pembelajaran CBL. (iii) terjadinya peningkatan hasil belajar kognitif siswa dari siklus I ke siklus II yang belajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran CBL. Selain itu, keberhasilan siswa mencapai nilai kriteria ketuntasan minimal juga didukung oleh semua aktivitas siswa.
The Nexus of Study Discipline and Climate Change Awareness Levels among Undergraduates of Kenyatta University, Kenya
Authors: Umwigama Belha , Koske James , Wemali Everlyn 
Published: February 2023

Aims: Climate change is an intergenerational challenge likely to impede the realization of Sustainable Development Goals. To combat the effects of climate change requires public understanding of the science behind climate change. Studies however show that the levels of awareness are still low across the world especially in Africa where vulnerability to the effects of climate change is on the rise. There is a need therefore for public education to enhance the relationship between awareness of climate change and study discipline, since awareness is important for effective climate action. This study sought to research on awareness levels of climate variability and change across undergraduate’s study disciplines in Kenyatta University, in Kenya.
Place and Duration: The study was conducted in Kenyatta University between the months of November and December 2021.
Study Design: A quasi- experimental research design was adopted in which units on environmental education and climate change were considered the treatment variable.
Methodology: Purposive sampling and stratified random sampling technique were used to select the schools and respondents in various levels of study, respectively. The sample size was 375 students(n=375) which included 177 female and 198 male students drawn from three schools. School of Environmental Studies formed the experimental group, while School of Business and School of Humanities and Social Sciences formed the control group. A questionnaire was administered to participants drawn from each year level within the three schools. Analysis was done using Kruskal Wallis one-way ANOVA.
Results: The results revealed a statistically significant difference in the medians of climate change knowledge level across the categories of schools, = 41.138, df =2, P=0.00. Also the distribution of climate change knowledge across the schools varies significantly = 17.968,df=3, P=0.00. School of Environmental Studies exhibited a significantly high level of knowledge and awareness. The three schools were statistically different from each other. Consequently, the null hypothesis of no significant difference in students’ awareness of climate change across disciplines, was rejected.
Conclusion: Given that study discipline influences awareness levels of climate change, the university curriculum should be reviewed to incorporate adequate content on climate change across study disciplines in order to enhance capacity for climate action.
Morphological and Pathogenic Variability in Alternaria solani Causing Early Blight Disease in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Singh Shyam , Jangre Anjeet 
Published: February 2023

The variability is a well-known phenomenon in genus Alternaria solani and may be noticed as changes in etiology, growth and sporulation and pathogenicity. Therefore, present investigation was carried out on ‘morphological and pathogenic variability of Alternaria solani causing early blight in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in Chhattisgarh (India)’. Seven isolates of Alternaria solani were collected from different district of Chhattisgarh and studied on morphological and pathogenic variations among the isolates of Alternaria solani. Longest conidia with beak (39.17–74.35µm) were observed in isolate AS-6, while smallest conidia (28.12–58.35µm) were recorded in isolate AS-3. However, width of conidia was maximum (8.82–24.23µm) in isolate AS-3 and thin conidia (8.13 – 19.48µm width) in isolate AS-7. Maximum beak length (7.64–14.78µm) was observed in isolate AS-4 and minimum beak length was recorded in isolate AS-3 (4.18–7.62µm). Highest vertical septa 2–11 was recorded in isolate AS-7 followed by AS-2. Whereas, maximum horizontal septa were recorded in isolate AS-6 followed by isolate AS-3 and AS-4. Pathogenic variability test was performed to analyze the virulence of different isolates of Alternaria solani on Pusa Ruby variety of tomato under pot culture. Most virulent isolate was found AS-6 which exhibited maximum PDI (88.89%) and AUDPC (2302.22) followed by AS-5 and AS-7, while AS-1 was found least virulent which showed minimum PDI (40.00%) and AUDPC (995.56).
Impact the Antibiotic Resistance for Staphylococcus aureus in Hospitalized Cancer Patients in Erbil Governate, Iraq
Authors: A. Ali Fattma , Aziz Sabah Hanan , Abdulrahman Khalis Noor , Rzgar Hussien Payraw , Muhanad Ghanim Sara 
Published: February 2023

Background: Infection is a continuous problem in cancer patient especially in developing countries. Multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is among the most frequent complication in immunocompromised cancer patients and poses the greatest risk to immunocompromised cancer patients.
Objectives: Our study aimed to carry out a study on isolated Staphylococcus aureus from various clinical samples among cancer patients in Erbil city and analyze its epidemiology and antibiotics susceptibility pattern tests and multi-drug resistance.
Materials and Methods: A total of 865 from 2016 until 2020 were isolated Staphylococcus aureus from 6 clinical samples (Urine, Sputum, Wound swab, Nasal swab, Bloodand, Stool) from patient attending Nanakaly Hospital and from both males and females. Only 100 cases had been identified as isolates of S. aureus which was identified by using macroscopical, microscopical, biochemical tests and Vitek 2 compact system. Also antibiotic susceptibility test were performed by Vitek 2 compact on 19 antibiotics.
Results: Only 100 S. aureus isolates were isolated from 865 samples distributed according to their source of isolation in the cancer patient, urinary tract infection is the most our specimen followed by wound infection, respiratory tract infection, blood infection and gastrointestinal infection. Breast cancer is the most common in our study followed by Colon cancer and Multiple myeloma, with the percentage of females infected with S. aureus more than the males, with females being 74/865(8.5%) and males being 28/865(3.2%), after 2016 infections by S. aureus was increased in young and middle-aged people being 52/100(52%) in total, from 2016-2020 S. aureus infected patients with breast cancer was 47/100(47%), colon was 27/100(27%) and multiple myeloma was 26/100(26%). Although (Aztreoman, Ertapenem, Ticarcillin-clavulanic acid) can be considered effective for MDR strains for empirical antibiotic therapy in cancer patients. S. aureus isolates had resistance to more than six antibiotics.
Conclusions: The study findings showed a significant distribution of MDR S. aureus which may increase the burden of healthcare-associated infections in cancer patients. Moreover, mechanisms of resistance should also be investigated for better characterization of the multi-drug resistance of S. aureus isolates.
Association of Post–COVID-19 Condition Symptoms and Employment Status
Authors: Perlis Roy H. , Lunz Trujillo Kristin , Safarpour Alauna , Santillana Mauricio , Ognyanova Katherine , Druckman James , Lazer David 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceLittle is known about the functional correlates of post–COVID-19 condition (PCC), also known as long COVID, particularly the relevance of neurocognitive symptoms.ObjectiveTo characterize prevalence of unemployment among individuals who did, or did not, develop PCC after acute infection.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis survey study used data from 8 waves of a 50-state US nonprobability internet population-based survey of respondents aged 18 to 69 years conducted between February 2021 and July 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcomes were self-reported current employment status and the presence of PCC, defined as report of continued symptoms at least 2 months beyond initial month of symptoms confirmed by a positive COVID-19 test.ResultsThe cohort included 15 308 survey respondents with test-confirmed COVID-19 at least 2 months prior, of whom 2236 (14.6%) reported PCC symptoms, including 1027 of 2236 (45.9%) reporting either brain fog or impaired memory. The mean (SD) age was 38.8 (13.5) years; 9679 respondents (63.2%) identified as women and 10 720 (70.0%) were White. Overall, 1418 of 15 308 respondents (9.3%) reported being unemployed, including 276 of 2236 (12.3%) of those with PCC and 1142 of 13 071 (8.7%) of those without PCC; 8229 respondents (53.8%) worked full-time, including 1017 (45.5%) of those with PCC and 7212 (55.2%) without PCC. In survey-weighted regression models excluding retired respondents, the presence of PCC was associated with a lower likelihood of working full-time (odds ratio [OR], 0.71 [95% CI, 0.63-0.80]; adjusted OR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.74-0.96]) and with a higher likelihood of being unemployed (OR, 1.45 [95% CI, 1.22-1.73]; adjusted OR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.02-1.48]). The presence of any cognitive symptom was associated with lower likelihood of working full time (OR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.56-0.88]; adjusted OR, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.59-0.84]).Conclusions and RelevancePCC was associated with a greater likelihood of unemployment and lesser likelihood of working full time in adjusted models. The presence of cognitive symptoms was associated with diminished likelihood of working full time. These results underscore the importance of developing strategies to treat and manage PCC symptoms.
Transformative learning theory: Where we are after 45 years
Authors: Hoggan Chad , Finnegan Fergal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the literature on transformative learning over the previous 45 years, describes its current condition as a relatively mature collection of theories, and calls for greater clarity, new iterations of theory, and productive and substantive steps forward. It then provides an overview of the contributions in this issue of New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education.
Understanding transformative learning through metatheory
Authors: Hoggan Chad , Higgins Katherine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter describes transformative learning as a catch‐all term to describe many disparate phenomena related to learning processes involved in human transformation. It argues for the distinction between individual theories used to understand these phenomena and the metatheoretical work of analyzing across theories. This article then reviews recent literature that explicitly engages with transformative learning as a metatheory, categorizing this work as either philosophical or phenomenological streams of meteatheory.
Stories of hope, imagination, and transformative learning: A dialogue
Authors: Butterwick Shauna , Lawrence Randee Lipson 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on imagination and the role it can play in bringing about transformation. Through telling stories of feminist activism and teaching, we consider how imagination can extend our understanding of transformative learning. We examine how creative expression and various art forms have enabled imagination and consider the conditions needed to support such processes. We bring attention to the central role of imagination and hope in movements for social justice.
Robust adaptive control design of nonlinear systems with input delay
Authors: Jain Ashish Kumar , Katiyar Atul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper a robust adaptive controller for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is developed with additive disturbance and unknown time‐varying input delay. The control law is composed of a Desired Compensation Adaptation Law (DCAL) based feedforward term for the adaptation of uncertain plant parameters and two robust feedback terms based on the integral of the past control to compensate the input delay. The sufficient conditions on controller gains and limit on delay bound are derived through stability analysis by choosing suitable Lyapunov‐Krasovskii functionals which gives a globally uniformly ultimately bounded (GUUB) tracking. The performance of the controller is evaluated by performing simulation on a two link robot manipulator system for different values of the input delay.
In Situ Embedding Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks Nanocrystals in Electrospinning Nanofibers for Ultrastable Broad‐Spectrum Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Wang Yao , Cao Ran , Wang Chen , Song Xiyu , Wang Ruina , Liu Jiacun , Zhang Mengmeng , Huang Junyi , You Tingting , Zhang Yihua , Yan Dapeng , Han Wendong , Yan Lan , Xiao Jisheng , Li Peng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the event of a public health crisis, highly effective and sustainable antimicrobial materials and equipment will be urgently needed. Here, the preparation is reported by electrospinning of broad‐spectrum antibacterial nanofibers embedded in a photoactive hydrogen‐bonded organic framework (HOF) of rod‐like nanocrystals ≈60 nm in length. The resulting HOF@PVDF‐HFP nanofibers maintain excellent tensile and breathability characteristics while shielding HOF nanocrystals against acid and alkali corrosion. A series of nanofibers embedded with different amounts and types of HOF nanocrystals are prepared to optimize their efficiency of singlet oxygen (1O2) generation. The 0.5 wt.% HOF‐101‐F@PVDF‐HFP nanofibers exhibit the most efficient 1O2 generation that is enhanced by a factor of almost 2 when compared with the HOF‐101‐F microcrystalline powder. The HOF@PVDF‐HFP nanofibers are demonstrated to highly effectively kill pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi in 30 min under ambient light conditions.
In Vivo Stable Allogenic Cartilage Regeneration in a Goat Model Based on Immunoisolation Strategy Using Electrospun Semipermeable Membranes
Authors: Huo Yingying , Bai Baoshuai , Zheng Rui , Sun Yuyan , Yu Yao , Wang Xin , Chen Hong , Hua Yujie , Zhang Yixin , Zhou Guangdong , Wang Xiaoyun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTissue engineering is a promising strategy for cartilage defect repair. However, autologous cartilage regeneration is limited by additional trauma to the donor site and a long in vitro culture period. Alternatively, allogenic cartilage regeneration has attracted attention because of the unique advantages of an abundant donor source and immediate supply, but it will cause immune rejection responses (IRRs), especially in immunocompetent large animals. Therefore, a universal technique needs to be established to overcome IRRs for allogenic cartilage regeneration in large animals. In the current study, a hybrid synthetic‐natural electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane/gelatin (TPU/GT) semipermeable membrane to explore the feasibility of stable allogenic cartilage regeneration by an immunoisolation strategy is developed. In vitro results demonstrated that the rationally designed electrospun TPU/GT membranes has ideal biocompatibility, semipermeability, and an immunoisolation function. In vivo results further showed that the semipermeable membrane (SPM) efficiently blocked immune cell attack, decreased immune factor production, and cell apoptosis of the regenerated allogenic cartilage. Importantly, TPU/GT‐encapsulated cartilage‐sheet constructs achieved stable allogeneic cartilage regeneration in a goat model. The current study provides a novel strategy for allogenic cartilage regeneration and supplies a new cartilage donor source to repair various cartilage defects.
Extracting Polaron Recombination from Electroluminescence in Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes by Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Kim Jae‐Min , Lee Kyung Hyung , Lee Jun Yeob 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDirect exploring the electroluminescence (EL) of organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is a challenge due to the complicated processes of polarons, excitons, and their interactions. This study demonstrated the extraction of the polaron dynamics from transient EL by predicting the recombination coefficient via artificial intelligence, overcoming multivariable kinetics problems. The performance of a machine learning (ML) model trained by various EL decay curves is significantly improved using a novel featurization method and input node optimization, achieving an R2 value of 0.947. The optimized ML model successfully predicts the recombination coefficients of actual OLEDs based on an exciplex‐forming cohost, enabling the quantitative understanding of the overall polaron behavior under various electrical excitation conditions.
A New Group of 2D Non‐van der Waals Materials with Ultra Low Exfoliation Energies
Authors: Barnowsky Tom , Krasheninnikov Arkady V. , Friedrich Rico 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe exfoliation energy—quantifying the energy required to extract a two‐dimensional (2D) sheet from the surface of a bulk material—is a key parameter determining the synthesizability of 2D compounds. Here, using ab initio calculations, a new group of non‐van der Waals 2D materials derived from non‐layered crystals that exhibit ultra low exfoliation energies is presented. In particular for sulfides, surface relaxations are essential to correctly describe the associated energy gain needed to obtain reliable results. Taking into account long‐range dispersive interactions has only a minor effect on the energetics and ultimately proves that the exfoliation energies are close to the ones of traditional van der Waals bound 2D compounds. The candidates with the lowest energies, 2D SbTlO3 and MnNaCl3, exhibit appealing electronic, potential topological, and magnetic features as evident from the calculated band structures making these systems an attractive platform for fundamental and applied nanoscience.
High‐Performance Transparent Silicon Nanowire Thin Film Transistors Integrated on Glass Substrates via a Room Temperature Solution Passivation
Authors: Song Xiaopan , Wu Lei , Liang Yifei , Liu Zongguang , Wang Junzhuan , Xu Jun , Chen Kunji , Yu Linwei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCatalytic synthesized ultrathin silicon nanowires (SiNWs) are ideal 1D channel materials to fabricate high‐performance transparent and low‐cost thin film transistors (TFTs) that are widely needed for flexible electronics and displays. In this work, a scalable integration of orderly array of SiNW array, with a uniform diameter of only 52 ± 4 nm, grown directly upon glass/wafer substrates, via a guided in‐plane solid–liquid–solid (IPSLS) process, and passivated by a new solution oxidizing/etching cycling technique is demonstrated. This has enabled an all‐low‐temperature (<350 °C) fabrication of high‐performance SiNW‐TFTs, achieving Ion/Ioff current ratio and subthreshold swing (SS) of >106 and 120 mV dec−1 respectively, with excellent negative and positive bias stabilities. Importantly, the SiNW‐TFTs fabricated on glasses with ITO/or metal electrodes demonstrate a high transparency of 90% or 73% respectively, making them ideal candidates for building the next generation of high aperture displays, transparent electronics, and augmented reality applications.