bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key Roles of Interfacial OH− ion Distribution on Proton Coupled Electron Transfer Kinetics Toward Urea Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Li Ruopeng , Li Yaqiang , Yang Peixia , Ren Penghui , Wang Dan , Lu Xiangyu , Zhang Huiling , Zhang Zhengfeng , Yan Pengfei , Zhang Jinqiu , An Maozhong , Wang Bo , Liu Huakun , Dou Shixue 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEnhancing alkaline urea oxidation reaction (UOR) activity is essential to upgrade renewable electrolysis systems. As a core step of UOR, proton‐coupled electron transfer (PCET) determines the overall performance, and accelerating its kinetic remains a challenge. In this work, a newly raised electrocatalyst of NiCoMoCuOxHy with derived multi‐metal co‐doping (oxy)hydroxide species during electrochemical oxidation states is reported, which ensures considerable alkaline UOR activity (10/500 mA cm−2 at 1.32/1.52 V vs RHE, respectively). Impressively, comprehensive studies elucidate the correlation between the electrode‐electrolyte interfacial microenvironment and the electrocatalytic urea oxidation behavior. Specifically, NiCoMoCuOxHy featured with dendritic nanostructure creates a strengthened electric field distribution. This structural factor prompts the local OH− enrichment in electrical double layer (EDL), so that the dehydrogenative oxidation of the catalyst is directly reinforced to facilitate the subsequent PCET kinetics of nucleophilic urea, resulting in high UOR performance. In practical utilization, NiCoMoCuOxHy‐driven UOR coupled cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), and harvested high value‐added products of H2 and C2H4, respectively. This work clarifies a novel mechanism to improve electrocatalytic UOR performance through structure‐induced interfacial microenvironment modulation.
Activity‐Stability Balance: The Role of Electron Supply Effect of Support in Acidic Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Deng Liming , Liu Shuyi , Liu Di , Chang Yu‐Ming , Li Linlin , Li Chunsheng , Sun Yan , Hu Feng , Chen Han‐Yi , Pan Hui , Peng Shengjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDeveloping efficient and durable electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers represents a significant challenge. Herein, the cobalt‐ruthenium oxide nano‐heterostructures are successfully synthesized on carbon cloth (CoOx/RuOx‐CC) for acidic OER through a simple and fast solution combustion strategy. The rapid oxidation process endows CoOx/RuOx‐CC with abundant interfacial sites and defect structures, which enhances the number of active sites and the charge transfer at the electrolyte‐catalyst interface, promoting the OER kinetics. Moreover, the electron supply effect of the CoOx support allows electrons to transfer from Co to Ru sites during the OER process, which is beneficial to alleviate the ion leaching and over‐oxidation of Ru sites, improving the catalyst activity and stability. As a self‐supported electrocatalyst, CoOx/RuOx‐CC displays an ultralow overpotential of 180 mV at 10 mA cm−2 for OER. Notably, the PEM electrolyzer using CoOx/RuOx‐CC as the anode can be operated at 100 mA cm−2 stably for 100 h. Mechanistic analysis shows that the strong catalyst‐support interaction is beneficial to redistribute the electronic structure of RuO bond to weaken its covalency, thereby optimizing the binding energy of OER intermediates and lowering the reaction energy barrier.
Unraveling the Role of Non‐Fullerene Acceptor with High Dielectric Constant in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Zhang Yue , He Yakun , Zeng Liang , Lüer Larry , Deng Wanyuan , Chen Yuting , Zhou Jiadong , Wang Zhiqiang , Brabec Christoph J. , Wu Hongbin , Xie Zengqi , Duan Chunhui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIncreasing the relative dielectric constant is a constant pursuit of organic semiconductors, but it often leads to multiple changes in device characteristics, hindering the establishment of a reliable relationship between dielectric constant and photovoltaic performance. Herein, a new non‐fullerene acceptor named BTP‐OE is reported by replacing the branched alkyl chains on Y6‐BO with branched oligoethylene oxide chains. This replacement successfully increases the relative dielectric constant from 3.28 to 4.62. To surprise, BTP‐OE offers consistently lower device performance relative to Y6‐BO in organic solar cells (16.27% vs 17.44%) due to the losses in open‐circuit voltage and fill factor. Further investigations unravel that BTP‐OE has resulted in reduced electron mobility, increased trap density, enhanced first order recombination, and enlarged energetic disorder. These results demonstrate the complex relationship between dielectric constant and device performance, which provide valuable implications for the development of organic semiconductors with high dielectric constant for photovoltaic application.
3D Printable Geopolymer Composites Reinforced with Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials – A Review
Authors: Inayath Basha Shaik , Ur Rehman Atta , Khalid Hammad R. , Aziz Md. Abdul , Kim Jung‐Hoon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) geopolymer printing (3DGP) technology is a rapidly evolving digital fabrication method used in the construction industry. This technology offers significant benefits over 3D concrete printing in terms of energy saving and reduced carbon emissions, thus promoting sustainability. 3DGP technology is still evolving, and researchers are striving to develop high‐performance printable materials and different methods to improve its robustness and efficiency. Carbon‐based nanomaterials (CBNs) with beneficial properties have a wide range of applications in various fields, including as concrete/geopolymer systems in construction. This paper comprehensively reviews the research progress on carbon‐based nanomaterials (CBNs) used to develop extrusion‐based 3D geopolymer printing (3DGP) technology, including dispersion techniques, mixing methods, and the materials′ performance. The rheological, mechanical, durability, and other characteristics of these materials are also examined. Furthermore, the existing research limitations and the prospects of using 3DGP technology to produce high‐quality composite mixtures are critically evaluated.
Nanotechnology enabled radioprotectants to reduce space radiation‐induced reactive oxidative species
Authors: Babu Balaashwin , Pawar Shreya , Mittal Agastya , Kolanthai Elayaraja , Neal Craig J. , Coathup Melanie , Seal Sudipta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInterest in space exploration has seen substantial growth following recent launch and operation of modern space technologies. In particular, the possibility of travel beyond low earth orbit is seeing sustained support. However, future deep space travel requires addressing health concerns for crews under continuous, longer‐term exposure to adverse environmental conditions. Among these challenges, radiation‐induced health issues are a major concern. Their potential to induce chronic illness is further potentiated by the microgravity environment. While investigations into the physiological effects of space radiation are still under investigation, studies on model ionizing radiation conditions, in earth and micro‐gravity conditions, can provide needed insight into relevant processes. Substantial formation of high, sustained reactive oxygen species (ROS) evolution during radiation exposure is a clear threat to physiological health of space travelers, producing indirect damage to various cell structures and requiring therapeutic address. Radioprotection toward the skeletal system components is essential to astronaut health, due to the high radio‐absorption cross‐section of bone mineral and local hematopoiesis. Nanotechnology can potentially function as radioprotectant and radiomitigating agents toward ROS and direct radiation damage. Nanoparticle compositions such as gold, silver, platinum, carbon‐based materials, silica, transition metal dichalcogenides, and ceria have all shown potential as viable radioprotectants to mitigate space radiation effects with nanoceria further showing the ability to protect genetic material from oxidative damage in several studies. As research into space radiation‐induced health problems develops, this review intends to provide insights into the nanomaterial design to ameliorate pathological effects from ionizing radiation exposure.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Cells at the Nanoscale
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Thermoelectric properties and Kondo transition in the pseudo‐gap metals TiNiSi and TiNiGe
Authors: Downie Ruth A. , Kennedy Blair F. , Biswas Rajan , Smith Ronald I. , Bos Jan‐Willem G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMaterials with the TiNiSi structure have recently been highlighted as potential thermoelectric materials. Here we report the thermoelectric properties of TiNiX (X=Si and Ge). Both materials behave as defective metals or heavily doped degenerate semiconductors. Room temperature Seebeck coefficients are −45 μV K−1 (Si) and −20 μV K−1 (Ge) with electrical resistivities of 0.5–1 mΩ cm. The lattice thermal conductivities are 8 W m−1 K−1 (Si) and 6 W m−1 K−1 (Ge) at 360 K, which is promising in the absence of alloying. The calculated power factors and figures of merit remain small, with the largest S2/ρ=0.17 mW m−1 K−2 and peak zT=5×10−3 seen in TiNiSi near 300 K. Both compositions show Kondo behaviour at low‐temperatures, linked to the emergence of local moment magnetism, and have substantial magnetoresistance effects at 2 K. This work provides property characterisation for two members of this large class of intermetallic materials.
Kink-antikink collisions in the ϕ8 model: short-range to long-range journey
Authors: Bazeia Dionisio , Campos João G. F. , Mohammadi Azadeh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We studied kink-antikink collisions in (1+1)-dimensional spacetime for all Z2 symmetric ϕ8 models with four degenerate minima. Such a polynomial model has only one free parameter, allowing us to conduct an exhaustive analysis. We performed detailed simulations in all three sectors of the model. We observed resonance windows from both localized and delocalized modes, as well as a sector change with the formation of additional kink-antikink pairs. Furthermore, we were able to show how collisions are modified when two quadratic minima merge into a quartic one, causing the kinks to acquire a long-range character. We demonstrated that when the tail not facing the opposing kink is long-range, incoming kinks and antikinks decay directly into radiation, as suggested in [1], by forming a large number of small kink-antikink pairs. Finally, we briefly discussed whether our analysis could be generalized to other polynomial models.
Quantum rotating black holes
Authors: Casadio Roberto , Giusti Andrea , Ovalle Jorge 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We consider black holes generically sourced by quantum matter described by regular wavefunctions. This allows for integrable effective energy densities and the removal of Cauchy horizons in spherically symmetric configurations. Moreover, we identify the ultrarigid rotation of the Kerr spacetime as causing the existence of an inner horizon in rotating systems, and describe general properties for quantum matter cores at the centre of rotating black holes with integrable singularities and no Cauchy horizon.
Yarrowia lipolytica produces lipid-rich biomass in medium mimicking lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysate
Authors: Dias Bruna , Fernandes Helena , Lopes Marlene , Belo Isabel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent years, lignocellulosic biomass has become an attractive low-cost raw material for microbial bioprocesses aiming the production of biofuels and other valuable chemicals. However, these feedstocks require preliminary pretreatments to increase their utilization by microorganisms, which may lead to the formation of various compounds (acetic acid, formic acid, furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, p-coumaric acid, vanillin, or benzoic acid) with antimicrobial activity. Batch cultures in microplate wells demonstrated the ability of Yarrowia strains (three of Y. lipolytica and one of Y. divulgata) to grow in media containing each one of these compounds. Cellular growth of Yarrowia lipolytica W29 and NCYC 2904 (chosen strains) was proven in Erlenmeyer flasks and bioreactor experiments where an accumulation of intracellular lipids was also observed in culture medium mimicking lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysate containing glucose, xylose, acetic acid, formic acid, furfural, and 5-HMF. Lipid contents of 35% (w/w) and 42% (w/w) were obtained in bioreactor batch cultures with Y. lipolytica W29 and NCYC 2904, respectively, showing the potential of this oleaginous yeast to use lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysates as feedstock for obtaining valuable compounds, such as microbial lipids that have many industrial applications.

Key Points
• Yarrowia strains tolerate compounds found in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysate
• Y. lipolytica consumed compounds found in lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysate
• 42% (w/w) of microbial lipids was attained in bioreactor batch cultures

Graphical Abstract
Development and validation of the OSASH score to predict overall survival of hepatocellular carcinoma after surgical resection: a dual-institutional study
Authors: Wei Hong , Fu Fangfang , Jiang Hanyu , Wu Yuanan , Qin Yun , Wei Huanhuan , Yang Ting , Wang Meiyun , Song Bin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and validate a risk score based on preoperative clinical-radiological parameters for predicting overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing surgical resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsFrom July 2010 to December 2021, consecutive patients with surgically-proven HCC who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced MRI were retrospectively enrolled. A preoperative OS risk score was constructed in the training cohort using a Cox regression model and validated in a propensity score-matched internal validation cohort and an external validation cohort.ResultsA total of 520 patients were enrolled, among whom 210, 210, and 100 patients were from the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, respectively. Independent predictors for OS included incomplete tumor “capsule,” mosaic architecture, tumor multiplicity, and serum alpha-fetoprotein, which were incorporated into the “OSASH score.” The C-index the OSASH score was 0.85, 0.81, and 0.62 in the training, internal, and external validation cohorts, respectively. Using 32 as the cutoff point, the OSASH score stratified patients into prognostically distinct low- and high-risk groups among all study cohorts and six subgroups (allp < 0.05). Furthermore, patients with BCLC stage B-C HCC and OSASH-low risk achieved comparable OS to that of patients with BCLC stage 0-A HCC and OSASH-high risk in the internal validation cohort (5-year OS rates, 74.7 vs. 77.8%;p = 0.964).ConclusionThe OSASH score may help predict OS in HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy and identify potential surgical candidates among those with BCLC stage B-C HCC.Clinical relevance statementBy incorporating three preoperative MRI features and serum AFP, the OSASH score may help predict postsurgical overall survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and identify potential surgical candidates among those with BCLC stage B and C HCC.Key Points• The OSASH score incorporating three MRI features and serum AFP can be used to predict OS in HCC patients who received curative-intent hepatectomy.• The score stratified patients into prognostically distinct low- and high-risk strata in all study cohorts and six subgroups.• Among patients with BCLC stage B and C HCC, the score identified a subgroup of low-risk patients who achieved favorable outcomes after surgery.
Decadal variability of extreme high temperature in mid- and high-latitude Asia and its associated North Atlantic air–sea interaction
Authors: Wang Tao , Yin Shuyue , Hua Wei , Wang Huijun , Luo Feifei , Miao Jiapeng , Fu Yuanhai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe decadal variability of extreme high temperature (EHT) in the mid and highlatitudes of continental Asia (MHLCA) and associated mechanisms were investigated. Observational analysis indicated that, after removing global warming, the first leading mode of the EHT events showed a meridional dipole pattern and had significant decadal variability. During the periods 1980–1994 and 2012–2019 (1995–2011), EHT events were more frequent and stronger (less frequent and weaker) in western-central Siberia than normal, whereas they were less frequent and weaker (more frequent and stronger) in the wide area to the south of Lake Baikal. Further Observational and CESM (Community Earth System Model) results based analysis suggested that decadal change in air–sea interaction in the North Atlantic play an important role in shaping the decadal variability of EHT events in MHLCA. On decadal timescales, meridional negative–positive–negative sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the North Atlantic and their coupled positive North Atlantic Oscillation can trigger stronger wave activity flux and cause a significant anticyclonic–cyclonic teleconnection wave train in the troposphere over the mid and high latitudes of the Eurasian continent. As a result, an anomalous high-pressure center is evident in western-central Siberia, and thereby reducing total cloud cover and causing stronger solar heating. Thus, EHT events become more frequent and stronger. On the contrary, for the areas south of Lake Baikal, EHT events are weakened by corresponding cyclonic circulation anomalies. Additionally, the CAM5 (Community Atmosphere Model version 5) experiments suggested more important driving role of the decadal North Atlantic tripole SST anomalies in the abovementioned processes.
TDCS at home for depressive disorders: an updated systematic review and lessons learned from a prematurely terminated randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Kumpf Ulrike , Palm Ulrich , Eder Julia , Ezim Harry , Stadler Matthias , Burkhardt Gerrit , Dechantsreiter Esther , Padberg Frank 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) at home for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) is the subject of current clinical trials. This is due to its positive safety profile, cost-effectiveness, and potential scalability for a wide outreach in clinical practice. Here, we provide a systematic review of the available studies and also a report on the results of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) on tDCS at home for the treatment of MDD. This trial had to be prematurely terminated due to safety concerns. The HomeDC trial is a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. Patients with MDD (DSM-5) were randomized to active or sham tDCS. Patients conducted tDCS at home for 6 weeks with 5 sessions/week (30 min at 2 mA) anode over F3, cathode over F4. Sham tDCS resembled active tDCS, with ramp-in and ramp-out periods, but without intermittent stimulation. The study was prematurely terminated due to an accumulation of adverse events (AEs, skin lesions), so that only 11 patients were included. Feasibility was good. Safety monitoring was not sufficient enough to detect or prevent AEs within an appropriate timeframe. Regarding antidepressant effects, the reduction in depression scales over time was significant. However, active tDCS was not superior to sham tDCS in this regard. Both the conclusions from this review and the HomeDC trial show that there are several critical issues with the use of tDCS at home that need to be addressed. Nevertheless the array of transcranial electric simulation (TES) methods that this mode of application offers, including tDCS, is highly interesting and warrants further investigation in high quality RCTs. Trial registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov. Trial registration number: NCT05172505. Registration date: 12/13/2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05172505.
Graphical abstract
*Consider, if feasible to do so, reporting the number of records identified from each database or register searched (rather than the total number across all databases/registers)
**If automation tools were used, indicate how many records were excluded by a human and how many were excluded by automation tools
From: Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ 2021;372:n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71. For more information, visit: http://www.prisma-statement.org/
Identification of intestinal parasites in wild American mink (Neovison vison) from Biebrza and Narew national parks (Poland)
Authors: Klockiewicz Maciej , Jakubowski Tadeusz , Karabowicz Justyna , Bąska Piotr , Winiarska Justyna , Długosz Ewa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmerican mink (Neovison vison) is an invasive species in the sylvatic environment of Poland. Mink are exposed to different parasite infections as their preys serve as intermediate and/or paratenic hosts. The study aimed to discriminate the pattern of intestinal parasite infections in mink inhabiting Biebrza (BNP) and Narew (NNP) national parks. Gastrointestinal tract examinations revealed Coccidia, Echinostomatidae, Taenidae, and Capillariidae parasites. There was no significant difference in the parasite burden of mink, but patterns of infections varied between both localizations. Coccidia were found in 3.8% of BNP vs. 6.7% of NNP mink. Fluke prevalence was significantly higher in NNP 27.5% compared to 7.7% in BNP mink. Tapeworms were only found in 3.4% of NNP mink. Significantly more Aonchotheca eggs were found in BNP 34.6% vs. 11.4% in NNP mink. The intensity of coccidiosis and aonchothecosis was low in both parks. Fluke intensity varied between low to moderate (ranging from 1 to 16) in BNP and low to massive (ranging from 1 to 117) in NNP mink. Coinfections of various parasite species were noted in both areas. Morphological and DNA analysis revealed that flukes belonged to Isthiomorpha melis and tapeworms to Versteria mustelae. It was the first isolation of V. mustelae in mink of those localizations. In conclusion, our study showed that mink indwelling Biebrza and Narew national parks are moderately infested with parasites. Results suggest that mink play an important role as a reservoir for parasites endangering endemic mustelids, becoming also a potential risk factor in case of accidental transmissions to farm mink. That is why, more strict biosecurity measures are required to protect farm mink.
Free boundary dimers: random walk representation and scaling limit
Authors: Berestycki Nathanaël , Lis Marcin , Qian Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe study the dimer model on subgraphs of the square lattice in which vertices on a prescribed part of the boundary (the free boundary) are possibly unmatched. Each such unmatched vertex is called a monomer and contributes a fixed multiplicative weight $$z>0$$

z
>
0

to the total weight of the configuration. A bijection described by Giuliani et al. (J Stat Phys 163(2):211–238, 2016) relates this model to a standard dimer model but on a non-bipartite graph. The Kasteleyn matrix of this dimer model describes a walk with transition weights that are negative along the free boundary. Yet under certain assumptions, which are in particular satisfied in the infinite volume limit in the upper half-plane, we prove an effective, true random walk representation for the inverse Kasteleyn matrix. In this case we further show that, independently of the value of $$z>0$$

z
>
0

, the scaling limit of the centered height function is the Gaussian free field with Neumann (or free) boundary conditions. It is the first example of a discrete model where such boundary conditions arise in the continuum scaling limit.