bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-cell analysis of lizard blastema fibroblasts reveals phagocyte-dependent activation of Hedgehog-responsive chondrogenesis
Authors: Vonk Ariel C. , Zhao Xiaofan , Pan Zheyu , Hudnall Megan L. , Oakes Conrad G. , Lopez Gabriela A. , Hasel-Kolossa Sarah C. , Kuncz Alexander W. C. , Sengelmann Sasha B. , Gamble Darian J. , Lozito Thomas P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLizards cannot naturally regenerate limbs but are the closest known relatives of mammals capable of epimorphic tail regrowth. However, the mechanisms regulating lizard blastema formation and chondrogenesis remain unclear. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of regenerating lizard tails identifies fibroblast and phagocyte populations linked to cartilage formation. Pseudotime trajectory analyses suggestspp1+-activated fibroblasts as blastema cell sources, with subsets exhibitingsulf1expression and chondrogenic potential. Tail blastema, but not limb, fibroblasts expresssulf1and form cartilage under Hedgehog signaling regulation. Depletion of phagocytes inhibits blastema formation, but treatment with pericytic phagocyte-conditioned media rescues blastema chondrogenesis and cartilage formation in amputated limbs. The results indicate a hierarchy of phagocyte-induced fibroblast gene activations during lizard blastema formation, culminating insulf1+pro-chondrogenic populations singularly responsive to Hedgehog signaling. These properties distinguish lizard blastema cells from homeostatic and injury-stimulated fibroblasts and indicate potential actionable targets for inducing regeneration in other species, including humans.
Mechanism of U6 snRNA oligouridylation by human TUT1
Authors: Yamashita Seisuke , Tomita Kozo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractU6 snRNA is a catalytic RNA responsible for pre-mRNA splicing reactions and undergoes various post-transcriptional modifications during its maturation process. The 3'-oligouridylation of U6 snRNA by the terminal uridylyltransferase, TUT1, provides the Lsm-binding site in U6 snRNA for U4/U6 di-snRNP formation and this ensures pre-mRNA splicing. Here, we present the crystal structure of human TUT1 (hTUT1) complexed with U6 snRNA, representing the post-uridylation of U6 snRNA by hTUT1. The N-terminal ZF-RRM and catalytic palm clamp the single-stranded AUA motif between the 5'-short stem and the 3'-telestem of U6 snRNA, and the ZF-RRM specifically recognizes the AUA motif. The ZF and the fingers hold the telestem, and the 3'-end of U6 snRNA is placed in the catalytic pocket of the palm for oligouridylation. The oligouridylation of U6 snRNA depends on the internal four-adenosine tract in the 5'-part of the telestem of U6 snRNA, and hTUT1 adds uridines until the internal adenosine tract can form base-pairs with the 3'-oligouridine tract. Together, the recognition of the specific structure and sequence of U6 snRNA by the multi-domain TUT1 protein and the intrinsic sequence and structure of U6 snRNA ensure the oligouridylation of U6 snRNA.
Stepwise modifications of transcriptional hubs link pioneer factor activity to a burst of transcription
Authors: Cho Chun-Yi , O’Farrell Patrick H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBinding of transcription factors (TFs) promotes the subsequent recruitment of coactivators and preinitiation complexes to initiate eukaryotic transcription, but this time course is usually not visualized. It is commonly assumed that recruited factors eventually co-reside in a higher-order structure, allowing distantly bound TFs to activate transcription at core promoters. We use live imaging of endogenously tagged proteins, including the pioneer TF Zelda, the coactivator dBrd4, and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), to define a cascade of events upstream of transcriptional initiation in early Drosophila embryos. These factors are sequentially and transiently recruited to discrete clusters during activation of non-histone genes. Zelda and the acetyltransferase dCBP nucleate dBrd4 clusters, which then trigger pre-transcriptional clustering of RNAPII. Subsequent transcriptional elongation disperses clusters of dBrd4 and RNAPII. Our results suggest that activation of transcription by eukaryotic TFs involves a succession of distinct biomolecular condensates that culminates in a self-limiting burst of transcription.
MTH1 protects platelet mitochondria from oxidative damage and regulates platelet function and thrombosis
Authors: Ding Yangyang , Gui Xiang , Chu Xiang , Sun Yueyue , Zhang Sixuan , Tong Huan , Ju Wen , Li Yue , Sun Zengtian , Xu Mengdi , Li Zhenyu , Andrews Robert K. , Gardiner Elizabeth E. , Zeng Lingyu , Xu Kailin , Qiao Jianlin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHuman MutT Homolog 1 (MTH1) is a nucleotide pool sanitization enzyme that hydrolyzes oxidized nucleotides to prevent their mis-incorporation into DNA under oxidative stress. Expression and functional roles of MTH1 in platelets are not known. Here, we show MTH1 expression in platelets and its deficiency impairs hemostasis and arterial/venous thrombosis in vivo. MTH1 deficiency reduced platelet aggregation, phosphatidylserine exposure and calcium mobilization induced by thrombin but not by collagen-related peptide (CRP) along with decreased mitochondrial ATP production. Thrombin but not CRP induced Ca2+-dependent mitochondria reactive oxygen species generation. Mechanistically, MTH1 deficiency caused mitochondrial DNA oxidative damage and reduced the expression of cytochrome c oxidase 1. Furthermore, MTH1 exerts a similar role in human platelet function. Our study suggests that MTH1 exerts a protective function against oxidative stress in platelets and indicates that MTH1 could be a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of thrombotic diseases.
Expanding the limits of nuclear stability at finite temperature
Authors: Ravlić Ante , Yüksel Esra , Nikšić Tamara , Paar Nils 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProperties of nuclei in hot stellar environments such as supernovae or neutron star mergers are largely unexplored. Since it is poorly understood how many protons and neutrons can be bound together in hot nuclei, we investigate the limits of nuclear existence (drip lines) at finite temperature. Here, we present mapping of nuclear drip lines at temperatures up to around 20 billion kelvins using the relativistic energy density functional theory (REDF), including treatment of thermal scattering of nucleons in the continuum. With extensive computational effort, the drip lines are determined using several REDFs with different underlying interactions, demonstrating considerable alterations of the neutron drip line with temperature increase, especially near the magic numbers. At temperatures T ≲ 12 billion kelvins, the interplay between the properties of nuclear effective interaction, pairing, and temperature effects determines the nuclear binding. At higher temperatures, we find a surprizing result that the total number of bound nuclei increases with temperature due to thermal shell quenching. Our findings provide insight into nuclear landscape for hot nuclei, revealing that the nuclear drip lines should be viewed as limits that change dynamically with temperature.
Climate intervention on a high-emissions pathway could delay but not prevent West Antarctic Ice Sheet demise
Authors: Sutter J. , Jones A. , Frölicher T. L. , Wirths C. , Stocker T. F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSolar radiation modification (SRM) is increasingly discussed as a tool to reduce or avert global warming and concomitantly the risk of ice-sheet collapse, as is considered possible for the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). Here we analyse the impact of stratospheric aerosol injections on the centennial-to-millennial Antarctic sea-level contribution using an ice-sheet model. We find that mid-twenty-first-century large-scale SRM could delay but ultimately not prevent WAIS collapse in a high-emissions scenario. On intermediate-emissions pathways, SRM could be an effective tool to delay or even prevent an instability of WAIS if deployed by mid-century. However, SRM interventions may be associated with substantial risks, commitments and unintended side effects; therefore, emissions reductions to prevent WAIS collapse seem to be the more practical and sensible approach at the current stage.
Cooperative contributions of the klf1 and klf17 genes in zebrafish primitive erythropoiesis
Authors: Suzuki Hiroaki , Ogawa Tomotaka , Fujita Shigeyoshi , Sone Ryota , Kawahara Atsuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractKrüppel-like transcription factors (Klfs), which are characterized by the three conserved C-terminal zinc fingers, are involved in various biological processes, such as haematopoiesis and angiogenesis. However, how the Klf family of transcription factors cooperate in organogenesis remains elusive. During zebrafish embryogenesis, both klf1 and klf17 are expressed in the intermediate cell mass (ICM), where primitive erythroid cells are produced. Using CRISPR–Cas9 genome editing technology, we established klf1-klf17 double mutant zebrafish to investigate the functionally interactive roles of the klf1 and klf17 genes. The klf1-klf17 mutant exhibited a diminished number of circulating primitive erythroid cells at 2 days postfertilization (dpf), while klf1 or klf17 single mutants and wild-type embryos produced comparable numbers of primitive erythroid cells. Circulating erythroid cells from the klf1-klf17 mutant possessed larger nuclei at 2 dpf than wild-type cells, suggesting the impairment of primitive erythroid cell maturation. The expression of the erythroid cell maturation markers band3 and mitoferrin, but not the haematopoietic progenitor markers c-myb and scl, was decreased in the klf1-klf17 mutant at 1 dpf. Thus, these results illustrate the cooperative function of klf1 and klf17 in the maturation processes of zebrafish primitive erythroid cells.
A novel approach for enhancing the color and antimicrobial properties of pine and beech wood using Se-NPs
Authors: Elmaaty Tarek Abou , Swidan Abeer , Sayed-Ahmed Khaled , Zaghloul Nancy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPine wood (PW) and beech wood (BW) are the most used wood in furniture and other applications owing to their unique characteristics and low machining cost. However, their biodegradability and varied moisture content limit their wider use and durability. Therefore, in this study, nanotechnology was used as a novel eco-friendly approach to enhance the durability, antimicrobial properties, and color of wood. Selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) were prepared in spherical shape at varied concentrations (25 and 50 mM) using an eco-friendly method in the range of 35–80 and 40–155 nm, respectively. Se-NPs formation at the nanoscale was confirmed using UV/Vis analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The prepared Se-NPs were then impregnated into PW and BW for different periods ranging from 2 h to 1 week. The treated wood were then leached in distilled water for 14 days to eliminate excess Se-NPs from the wood surface. The treated wood surfaces were examined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the depth of Se-NPs penetration into the treated wood at both tangential and radial sides was determined. Se-NPs impacts on the color properties, density, moisture content and antimicrobial activities of the treated wood were evaluated. PW treated with Se-NPs showed better antimicrobial and color characteristics than treated BW. PW samples immersed in 50 mM Se-NPs for 2 h showed the highest K/S values, whereas the highest antimicrobial values were obtained for those immersed at the same concentration for 2 days, and 1 week.
Optical fiber speckle spectrometer based on reversed-lens smartphone microscope
Authors: Tan Henry , Li Bingxi , Crozier Kenneth B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSmartphones are a potentially powerful platform for scientific instruments. Here, we demonstrate speckle spectroscopy with smartphone-level hardware. This technique promises greater performance thresholds than traditional diffraction gratings. Light is injected into an optical fiber and the emergent speckle patterns are imaged by a reversed-lens smartphone camera. The smartphone then uses an algorithm, running on a mobile computing app, to determine, in less than one second, the (hitherto unknown) input spectrum. We reconstruct a variety of visible-wavelength (470–670 nm) single and multi-peaked spectra using a tunable source. The latter also include a metameric pair, i.e., two spectra that are different, yet represent colors that are indistinguishable to the human eye.
HOXA13 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma HNE1 cells by upregulating the expression of Snail and MMP-2
Authors: Liu Jinping , Feng Huajun , Wang Dingting , Wang Yuanyuan , Luo Jian , Xu Shengen , Zhao Feipeng , Qin Gang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHomeobox A13 (HOXA13) has been verified as an oncogen in some malignancies. However, its role in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is still unclear. This study aims to explore the role of HOXA13 in NPC and its underlying mechanism. The mRNA expression of HOXA13 in NPC was obtained from the GSE53819 and GSE64634 datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. MTT, colony formation and transwell assays and xenograft tumour models were used to investigate the effects of HOXA13 on NPC HNE1 cells in vitro and in vivo. The expression of HOXA13, epithelial-mesenchymal transition-transcription factor (EMT-TF) Snail and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) was detected by immunohistochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. The results showed that HOXA13 was upregulated in NPC. Silencing HOXA13 suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HNE1 cells, which inhibited tumour growth, while overexpression of HOXA13 induced the opposite effects. In addition, the expression of Snail and MMP-2 at the transcriptional and protein levels was associated with the expression of HOXA13. In summary, our results suggest that HOXA13 plays a role as a cancer-promoting gene in NPC. The underlying mechanism may be related to the upregulation of Snail and MMP-2.
Analysis of risk factors for postoperative delirium in middle-aged and elderly fracture patients in the perioperative period
Authors: An Zhongcheng , Xiao Liangen , Chen Chen , Wu Lianguo , Wei Hao , Zhang Xiaoping , Dong Liqiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo investigate the incidence rate and risk factors of postoperative delirium in middle-aged and elderly patients with fracture. A total of 648 middle-aged and elderly fracture patients who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were included in the study, aged 50–103 years, mean 70.10 ± 11.37 years. The incidence of postoperative delirium was analyzed. Univariate analysis was used to screen the risk factors of gender, age, interval between injury and operation, preoperative complications, fracture site, anesthesia method, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, hidden blood loss and hormone use. For the factors with P < 0.05, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the main independent risk factors. 115 cases (17.74%) of 648 patients had postoperative delirium. Univariate analysis showed that patients with delirium and patients without delirium had significant correlation in age, medical disease comorbidity, fracture type, anesthesia method, operation time and perioperative blood loss (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 1.061), preoperative complications (OR = 1.667), perioperative blood loss (OR = 1.002) were positively correlated with postoperative delirium. It shows that older age, more preoperative complications, longer operation time and more perioperative bleeding are more likely to lead to postoperative delirium; patients with general anesthesia were more likely to develop postoperative delirium than patients with local anesthesia (OR = 1.628); and patients with hip and pelvic fractures are more likely to develop a postoperative delirious state (OR = 1.316). Advanced age, complex orthopedic surgery, more medical comorbidities, general anesthesia and greater perioperative blood loss may be independent risk factors for the development of delirium after internal fixation of fractures in middle-aged and elderly patients.
Study on evaluation method for driving fragment ability of explosives
Authors: Zhou Jiajie , Kong Deren , Shang Fei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present study proposes an evaluation method for the driving fragment ability of explosives, which aims to provide theoretical and technical support for the selection of explosives used in warheads. The evaluation method is proposed in the light of the dimensional method and the similarity principle, and it uses TNT equivalent as the evaluation indicator. To acquire the evaluation indicator, a test system for driving fragment ability of explosives is constructed, which includes a dynamite gun type driven device, a spherical fragment, and a multi-zone fragment velocity measurement system. TNT and thermobaric explosive were used to carry out the verification experiments of the evaluation method. On the basis of the evaluation method, the basic evaluation model for the driving fragment ability of explosives was established by the TNT mass and the corresponding fragment maximum velocity. Using the basic evaluation model, the TNT equivalent of the thermobaric explosive in driving fragment ability was calculated to be 1.29, which was 3.2% different from the ratio (1.25) of both explosives’ Gurney-specific energy. The relative error of 3.2% falls within the allowable range of engineering error, confirming the feasibility of the proposed evaluation method. The result shows that the proposed evaluation method is effective and accurate in evaluating the driving fragment ability of explosives.
Wohltuende Wärme
Authors: Heilmann-Wagner Elke 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThermische Reize sprechen verschiedenste Prozesse in unserem Organismus an. Gezielt angewendet, ermöglichen sie es, bestehende Therapiekonzepte zu ergänzen. Äußere Anwendungen wie die Dampfauflage mit nur 2 Waschlappen sowie Auflagen mit Leinsamen, Quark, Öl, Salben oder Bienenwachs können den Verlauf von Krankheiten mildern und die Genesung auf natürliche Weise unterstützen. Die Rezepturen beschreiben, wie bewährte Wickel und Auflagen dabei durch Anreicherungen – etwa mit Teeaufgüssen oder ätherischen Ölen – noch wirksamer gemacht werden.
Post-COVID: Wege aus der Atemnot
Authors: Helbing Michael 
Published: August 2023

SummaryMit starken Alltagseinschränkungen, insbesondere durch Atemnot, flache Atmung, Globusgefühl, Husten, Stimmverlust und belastungsinduzierte Erschöpfung stellt sich eine Patientin Anfang 30 in der Praxis vor. Die Symptome entwickelten sich nach einer nicht auskurierten SARS-CoV-2-Infektion und wurden ärztlicherseits einem Post-COVID-Syndrom zugeordnet – das typischerweise durch Fatigue, Kurzatmigkeit, Konzentrations- und Gedächtnisprobleme, Schlafstörungen, Kopfschmerzen und Muskelschwäche geprägt ist. Durch Übungen unter anderem im Bereich Tiefatmung, Atemphasen, Lippenbremse, atemerleichternde Stellungen, Pacing (Belastungsgrenzen achten), Aufhebung des Globusgefühls und Regeneration der Stimmfunktion verbesserten sich die Symptome erheblich.
TCM bei Atemnot und COPD
Authors: Heyny Rosemarie 
Published: August 2023

SummaryAkute Atemnot steht aus Sicht der TCM insbesondere in Zusammenhang mit Wind-Kälte, Schleim-Hitze der Lunge und Leber-Feuer. Chronische Atemnot ist häufig mit einem Mangel an Lungen-Qi, Nieren-Qi oder komplexeren Mustern wie zum Beispiel Lungen- Qi- kombiniert mit Nieren-Yin-Mangel assoziiert. Puls- und Zungendiagnostik sowie eine entsprechend tonisierende oder sedierende Akupunktur können den Verlauf – insbesondere bei COPD und den häufig infektbedingten Exazerbationen – deutlich verbessern und mehr Lebensqualität
Krebspatienten nicht allein lassen
Authors: Friedrich Uwe 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungKrebspatienten brauchen immer Unterstützung. Besonders nach der Diagnose oder bei einem Rezidiv ist homöopathische Hilfe auch durch Nichthomöopathen möglich. Das Gleiche gilt während konventioneller Behandlungen und danach. Nebenwirkungen können homöopathisch relativ einfach gemildert werden. Der Beitrag macht homöopathische Behandlungsvorschläge für verschiedene Situationen – so können auch Nichthomöopathen diese erstaunliche Heilmethode in ihr Therapiespektrum einbauen und erfahrene Homöopathen bekommen Anregungen für ihre Arbeit.
Mind-Body-Medizin (MBM) im Rahmen einer onkologischen Tagesklinik für Integrative Medizin und Naturheilkunde
Authors: Reißmann Ralf , Langhorst Jost 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen der Tagesklinik für Integrative Onkologie kommen sowohl Verfahren aus dem naturheilkundlich-komplementärmedizinischen Repertoire als auch bevorzugt aus dem Ansatz der Mind-Body-Medizin (MBM) zur Anwendung. Diese dienen vor allem der Linderung der Begleitsymptomatik der konventionellen Therapie sowie dem Erhalt der Lebensqualität, der Aktivierung der Selbstheilungskräfte, zur Rezidivprophylaxe sowie – wo indiziert – der Integration eines gesundheitsförderlichen Lebensstils in den Alltag. Die einzelnen Schwerpunkte und Therapieverfahren sind in einem multimodalen Therapiekonzept sinnvoll aufeinander abgestimmt und werden von einem multiprofessionellen Team ausgeführt. Die inhaltliche Ausgestaltung orientiert sich im Wesentlichen an MBM-spezifischen Themen des multimodalen komplexen Interventionsprogramms MICOM („Mind Body Medicine in Integrative Complementary Medicine“), das im deutschsprachigen Raum auf Basis US-amerikanischer Konzepte erweitert wurde und hier zur Anwendung kommt.
Kältetherapie: Update zur Evidenz, zur Verordnung und
Hypothesen zur Schmerzminderung bei entzündlich rheumatischen
Erkrankungen
Authors: Lange Uwe , Schulz Nils , Klemm Philipp 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungNach den Daten der Kerndokumentation der regionalen kooperativen Rheumazentren in
Deutschland stellt das Symptom Schmerz bei entzündlich rheumatischen
Erkrankungen sowohl im Akutstadium als auch in der Remission ein Problem dar.
Damit kommt u. a. der Kältetherapie (Temperaturspanne von
+ 15°C über 0° bis
–180°C [Kryotherapie]) eine wichtige therapeutische Rolle im
multimodalen Therapiekonzept zu. Die Aufgaben und Behandlungsziele der
Kältetherapie fokussieren auf Analgesie, Anästhesie,
Entzündungshemmung, Muskelentspannung und Bewegungsförderung,
Hemmung von Ödemen, Blutungen, Phagozytose und Enzymreaktionen. Im
vorliegenden Artikel wird ein Update zur Evidenz der Kältetherapie bei
entzündlich rheumatischen Erkrankungen, mit Hauptfokus auf das Symptom
Schmerz und molekulare Änderungen auf Zytokinebene, sowie zur Verordnung
von physikalischer Therapie in den letzten 15 Jahren gegeben und Hypothesen
für die subjektive Schmerzminderung diskutiert.
Update on Endovascular Therapy for Fibroids and Adenomyosis
Authors: Ozen Merve , Patel Ronak , Hoffman Mark , Raissi Driss 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUterine fibroids and adenomyosis are prevalent benign neoplasms that can lead to serious deleterious health effects including life-threatening anemia, prolonged menses, and pelvic pain; however, up to 40% of women remain undiagnosed. Traditional treatment options such as myomectomy or hysterectomy can effectively manage symptoms but may entail longer hospital stays and hinder future fertility. Endovascular treatment, such as uterine artery embolization (UAE), is a minimally invasive procedure that has emerged as a well-validated alternative to surgical options while preserving the uterus and offering shorter hospital stays. Careful patient selection and appropriate techniques are crucial to achieving optimal outcomes. There have been advancements in recent times that encompass pre- and postprocedural care aimed at enhancing results and alleviating discomfort prior to, during, and after UAE. Furthermore, success and reintervention rates may also depend on the size and location of the fibroids. This article reviews the current state of endovascular treatments of uterine fibroids and adenomyosis.