bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel approach to model water saturation in shaly sandstone petroleum reservoirs
Authors: Mohamed Omar , Abdulaziz Abdulaziz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Water saturation is a very important parameter in both the technical and commercial evaluation of petroleum reservoirs. Estimating water saturation in shaly sandstone reservoirs is considered one of the most challenging tasks in formation evaluation and petrophysics. Complexities arise from shale properties and composition as well as the pluralism of independent approaches and methods used in calculating water saturation. The problem is that these different approaches most of the time somehow result in different values of water saturation leading to under-estimation or over-estimation of the volumes of original oil in place (OOIP) and original gas in place (OGIP). The main challenge is resolving and understanding the differences between the water saturation values obtained using different approaches, and to arrive at the most accurate estimation of water saturation as well as its distribution throughout the reservoir. There are numerous shaly sandstone estimation models which are used frequently. These models can be divided into two main groups where the shale term of the first group is based mainly on shale volume while the other group depends on electric double layer effect. However, both approaches have drawbacks and limitations and don’t always give accurate results. This paper presents a novel hybrid approach between Vsh and EDL based models to determine water saturation in shaly sandstone reservoirs using well logs only and at the time is based on physical facts and reflects real current flow paths. This new approach was applied to three well logging datasets and the results were compared to that of counterpart existing models widely used in the oil and gas industry. Core analysis water saturation values were used as a baseline to validate the accuracy of the new model compared to counterpart models and the results were discussed. The new model is a series conductivity model which is based mainly on well logs reducing the need for any time-consuming and costly experiments. The results were promising and the new approach’s water saturation values showed great potential and consistency with core-derived water saturation values.
Physio-anatomical modifications and element allocation pattern in Alternanthera tenella Colla. associated with phytoextraction of chromium
Authors: Firdous Kottakunnu Abdulrahman , Vivek Padmanabhan Jayanthikumari , Neethu Kizhakkepurath , Resmi Mohankumar Saraladevi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Intensive industrial activities increased the concentration of chromium in the environment especially in the soil and water, which pose serious threat due to its cytotoxic and carcinogenic nature. Phytoremediation has evolved as an eco-friendly, cost-effective alternative for the decontamination of pollutants, and an attempt has been made to reveal the potential of Cr remediation by an invasive plant, Alternanthera tenella Colla in the present study. The morphological, anatomical and physiological modifications of plant tissues in response to 240 µM of K2Cr2O7 is studied, with reference to the elemental distribution pattern and bioaccumulation potential. Assessment of growth parameters showed that Cr adversely affects the elongation of root and shoot, leaf area, and dry biomass weight. Cr influence the macro and micro-elemental distribution in plant tissues specially in roots and leaves. Plants exhibited structural modifications like increase in the thickness and diameter of the xylem walls in the root, stem and leaf tissues of Cr treated A. tenella. Presence of cell structural distortions and Cr deposit inclusions in the xylem wall and the inner parenchyma cells were distinct. Cr stress induced the reduction in pigment content and metabolites like proteins and soluble sugars, while proline, phenol and malondialdehyde marked a significant increase. With BCF and TF values greater than 1 and the mechanisms to cope with the metal stress, A. tenella proves to be an ideal candidate for phytoextraction of Cr.
Fast and accurate screening framework for organic solar cells based on molecular structure and deep learning
Authors: Wang Hongshuai , Feng Jie , Dong Zhihao , Jin Lujie , Li Miaomiao , Yuan Jianyu , Li Youyong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Organic photovoltaics have attracted worldwide interest due to their unique advantages in developing low-cost, light-weight, and flexible power sources. Functional molecular design and synthesis have been put forward to accelerate the discovery of ideal organic semiconductors, however, it is extremely expensive to conduct experimental screening of the wide organic compound space. Here we develop a framework by combing deep learning model (graph neural network) and ensemble learning model (light Gradient Boosting Machine), which enables rapid and accurate screening of OPV molecules. This framework establishes the relationship between molecular structure, molecular properties, and device efficiency. Our framework evaluates from the chemical structure of the OPV molecules directly and accurately. Since it does not involve DFT calculations, it makes fast predictions. The reliability of our framework is verified with data from previous reports and our newly synthesized organic molecules. Our work provides an efficient method for developing new organic optoelectronic materials.
How Do I Open Up?: Exploring Factors Associated With Completion of Intensive Adherence Counselling Sessions Among Hiv Patients With High Viral Load in Neno, Malawi
Authors: Villiera¹ Jimmy Ba , Matanje Beatrice , Suffrin Dimitri , Munyaneza Fabien , Hosseinipour Mina , Mwapasa Victor , Kachimanga Chiyembekezo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Globally, countries are working tirelessly to achieve the UNAIDS 95-95-95 treatment targets by 2030. Despite making great strides in improving HIV viral load (VL) testing capacity for treatment monitoring in the past decade, a limited number of people living with HIV ( PLHIV) with high VL complete intensive adherence counselling (IAC) sessions which delays follow-up VL testing, consequently, delaying clinical decision-making. This study explored factors associated with the completion of IAC sessions in resource-limited settings.Methods We conducted a mixed-method study utilizing the explanatory sequential design. The quantitative data were collected from patient records from the period between 1 March 2020 to 30 June 2021 in Neno district, while qualitative data were collected from purposively selected PLHIV with high VL and healthcare workers, through focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews respectively. 371 patient records were analyzed, while 6 heterogeneous FGDs of patients with high VL were conducted. 15 healthcare workers were also interviewed. STATA software was used to analyze quantitative data while thematic analysis approach was used for qualitative data analysis.Results The median age of the participants at the most recent VL was 39 years (IQR 31–47 years). The median age of respondents in FGDs was 41 years ( IQR 20–57). We found that having community health worker support (ARR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.39–0.99) and longer duration on ART (ARR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.09–2.83) were significant predictors of IAC completion. Provider’s unprofessionalism, poor partner support, and lack of private rooms for conducting IAC sessions dissuaded clients to come for subsequent IAC sessions.Conclusion Clients with high VL encounter multiple challenges that affect IAC attendance. Although personal factors play a greater role in fulfilling IAC attendance, health system factors are equally important. ART Clinics need to devise deliberate and careful approaches that target and motivate at-risk clients to complete IAC sessions and improve overall adherence. There’s an urgent need for ART clinics to designate private rooms for IAC sessions and adequately train expert clients on professionalism.
Assessing systematic biases in farmers’ local weather change perceptions
Authors: Arora Gaurav , Feng Hongli 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Scientific data concerning climate change are critical for designing mitigation and adaptation strategies. Equally important is how stakeholders perceive climate change because perceptions influence decision-making. However, perceptions may not be consistent with data. In this paper, we employed spatially-delineated primary surveys of corn and soybean farmers located on western frontier of the U.S. Corn Belt to analyse biases observed in their local weather change perceptions as compared with meteorological data. We found systematic biases in farmers’ perceptions of past changes for three distinct weather indicators: temperature, precipitation, and drought frequency. Farmers predominantly over-estimated temperature and drought levels and under-estimated precipitation levels relative to the past data records. Farmers’ age and income, not education levels, were statistically significantly associated with their weather perceptions. A Chi-squared test of independence provided evidence that farmer misperceptions about past changes in precipitation and droughts were correlated with select land use and farm management decisions, which is consistent with the notion of “motivated beliefs”. Comparative analysis of past and future weather change perceptions revealed a tendency of regression to the mean. Our findings suggest that it is important to consider subjective weather beliefs in addition to historical data or scientific predictions in policy design process.
JEL Codes: C21; D22; D91; Q15; R14
Recent Developments on the Removal of Zinc from Electric Arc Furnace Dust by Using Microwave Heating
Authors: Xiong Yuandong , Wang Kai , Qiu Dejin , Omran Mamdouh , Huang Run , Li Ying , Wei Shiyu , khan Inam Ullah , Zhang Dengwei , Ahmed Abdallah , Yu Yaowei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) is a hazardous by-product of steel production. As global steel output increases, substantial amounts of EAFD are produced, which causes significant environmental issues. EAFD contains amounts of Fe and Zn, which could be reused as raw materials in the steelmaking process. However, zinc oxides can be reduced and vaporized during this process, forming zinc vapor that contaminates equipment surfaces and causes damage. Consequently, various pyrometallurgical methods have been proposed for zinc removal from EAFD. Due to the extensive usage of carbonaceous materials, these methods contribute to significant CO2, raising concerns about greenhouse gas emissions. Microwave heating offers an efficient, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly alternative to pyrometallurgical approaches. EAFD can generate heat under microwave irradiation without carbon addition, which means the CO2 emissions can be reduced by replacing the reductant in the microwave heating process. Furthermore, microwaves enhance zinc removal reactions to a certain extent, resulting in higher efficiency. Thus, employing microwave heating for EAFD processing has significant potential for future development. This paper reviews recent research on using microwave heating for zinc removal from EAFD, focusing on the heating behavior of EAFD in microwaves and the mechanisms of zinc removal. This review will be crucial for researchers working on processing EAFD using microwave heating and could help guide the development of more sustainable and efficient methods.
α5-GABAA receptor modulation reverses behavioral and neurophysiological correlates of psychosis in rats with ventral hippocampal Alzheimer’s Disease-like pathology
Authors: Perez Stephanie , Eassa Nicole , Boley Angela , Elam Hannah , Sharmin Dishary , Cook James , Lodge Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Of the 35 million people in the world who suffer with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), up to half also experience comorbid psychosis (delusions and hallucinations). Antipsychotics, used to treat symptoms of psychosis, are contraindicated in elderly patient populations because they increase the risk of premature death. The hippocampus is a region of the brain that has been reported to be hyperactive in patients with psychosis and in patients with AD. Importantly, preclinical studies have demonstrated that the ventral hippocampus (vHipp) can regulate dopamine system function, which is thought to underlie symptoms of psychosis. Here, we used a viral-mediated approach to express two mutated human genes known to contribute to AD pathology, the Swedish (K670N, M671L), Florida (I716V), and London (V717I) mutations of amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) and two mutations (M146L and L286V) of presenilin 1 (hPSEN1), specifically in the vHipp, to investigate the selective contribution of AD-like pathology in this region. In this AAV-AD model, we report significant increases in dopamine neuron population activity and behavioral deficits that mimic observations in rodent models used to study psychosis. Aberrant dopamine system function was correlated with a decrease in parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons, linked to hyperactivity in the vHipp. Thus, we posit that augmenting vHipp GABAergic activity may be a novel therapeutic target. Here, we demonstrate that an α5-GABAA receptor selective positive allosteric modulator, MP-III-022, reverses aberrant dopamine system function in the AAV-AD model. This study provides evidence for the development of drugs that target α5-GABAA receptors for patients with AD and comorbid psychosis.
Intracellular and nuclear CXCR4 signaling promotes erythroblast enucleation
Authors: Gutjahr Julia , Hub Elin , Anderson Caroline , Samus Maryna , Artinger Katharina , Dufton Neil , Burden Jemima , Duchene Johan , Rot Antal 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
All leukocytes express chemokine receptor CXCR4 on their surface and efficiently migrate in response to its sole ligand CXCL12. Here we report for the first time that CXCR4 is also prominently expressed in erythroblasts, the bone marrow erythroid precursor cells but, instead of chemotaxis, CXCR4 signaling promoted erythroblast enucleation, a unique mammalian process of their asymmetrical division into an anuclear reticulocyte and a nucleus-containing pyrenocyte. Mechanistically, CXCL12 ligation of erythroblast CXCR4 triggered its endocytosis and translocation into multiple intracellular compartments. These included, surprisingly, the nuclear envelope and nucleus where CXCL12 and CXCR4 colocalized with either Gαi or phosphorylated β-arrestin1, respectively, suggesting an ongoing differential CXCR4 signaling around and within the erythroblast nucleus. Supporting the notion of intracellular signaling, stimulation of erythroblasts with CXCL12 caused a persistent phosphorylation of intracellular and intranuclear CXCR4 and a delayed activation of multiple protein kinases. Furthermore, CXCL12 induced erythroblast elongation, a condensation and ex-centric positioning of their nuclei and triggered rapid perinuclear Ca2+ transients, which led directly to erythroblast enucleation. The CXCR4-mediated sequential erythroblast responses taking place during ultimate steps of their development and culminating in enucleation pinpoint a new physiological role of CXCR4 and the bone marrow-derived CXCL12 in regulating erythrocyte production.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi native to Perú improve growth and physiological responses of Coffea arabica
Authors: Guivin Mike Anderson Corazon , Cachique Gabriel Romero , Aguila Karen Marilu Del , Dominguez Amner Padilla , Amasifuen Angel David Hernández , Cerna-Mendoza Agustin , Coyne Danny , Oehl Fritz 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Coffee (Coffea arabica) is among the world’s most economically important crops. Coffee was shown to be highly dependent on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in traditionally managed coffee plantations in the tropics. The objective of this study was to assess AMF species richness in coffee plantations of four provinces in Perú and to test the effects of selected indigenous AMF strains on coffee growth.
Methods
AMF species were identified by morphological tools. Two native species, Rhizoglomus variabile and Nanoglomus plukenetiae, recently described from the Peruvian mountain ranges, were successfully cultured in the greenhouse on host plants. In two independent experiments, both species were assessed for their ability to colonize coffee seedlings and improve coffee growth over 135 days.
Results
35 AMF species were identified from 12 plantations. The two inoculated species effectively colonized coffee roots, which resulted in 3.0-8.6 times higher shoot, root and total biomass, when compared to the non-mycorrhizal controls. Rhizoglomus variabile was superior to N. plukenetiae in all measured parameters, increasing shoot, root and total biomass dry weight by 4.7, 8.6 and 5.5 times, respectively. The dual inoculation of both species, however, did not further improve plant growth, when compared to single species inoculations.
Conclusion
Colonization of coffee by either R. variabile or N. plukenetiae strongly enhances coffee plant growth. Rhizoglomus variabile, in particular, offers enormous potential for improving coffee establishment and productivity. Assessment of further AMF species, including species from other AMF families should be considered for optimization of coffee growth promotion, both alone and in combination with R. variabile.
Clinical isolation of breast cancer circulating tumor cells with an inertial microfluidic chip with a trapezoidal cross-section
Authors: Sadeghi Zahra , Esfahany Mohsen Nasr , Salehi Hossein , zarezadeh Zahra , Baradaran Azar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent years, different detection and isolation ways have emerged in the era of breast cancer. Despite the clinical significance of CTCs, the absence of unbiased and easy separation techniques poses a major obstacle to the integration of CTCs into clinical applications. This study presents an inertial microfluidic chip with a trapezoidal cross-section for rapid, simple, and viable separation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of MCF-7 cell line from breast cancer patient blood by using an optimized additive manufacturing (AM) technique. This microchannel was fabricated by SLA (stereolithography apparatus) 3D printer. Also, we demonstrated the influence of slant angle in trapezoidal cross-section in the formation of Dean vortices and suitable flow rate for separating by simulation and experiments. In this regard, by increasing the slant angle, the proper flow rate for this study was obtained at 1.2 mL/min in COMSOL simulating, and spiking CTCs to Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) confirmed it (recovery rate was 88 ± 3.5%). In the next step, CTCs were spiked to 7.5 mL lysed healthy blood sample. White blood cells (WBCs) and CTCs were isolated in this stage. The recovery rate of this test was 86 ± 2.9%. The results confirmed that the shears and stresses applied to the cells during sample processing did not compromise their viability, and more than 90% of the cells were recovered alive. In the last step, the trapezoidal microchannel was used in clinically detecting five breast cancer patients with different stages. The outcomes showed that the chip had high sensitivity in detecting CTCs from blood samples of 4 of 5 patients (80%) (Range 6–21 CTCs/mL blood sample) by immunocytochemistry (ICC) technique. We anticipate that this straightforward inertial microfluidic approach can overcome the limitations associated with traditional affinity-based methods for CTC separation. It has the potential to facilitate fundamental research on CTCs, aiding in treatment guidance and improving patient outcomes.
Microwave control of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. including ecotoxicological aspect and resveratrol content in rhizomes
Authors: Słowiński Krzysztof , Grygierzec Beata , Baran Agnieszka , Tabor Sylwester , Piatti Diletta , Maggi Filippo , Synowiec Agnieszka 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica Houtt.) is Poland's invasive weed, of no efficient control method. The rhizomes of this species are rich in resveratrol. In this work, we evaluated 1) the effectiveness of electromagnetic microwaves (MV) in destroying Japanese knotweed using an original device HOGWEED (MV of 2450 MHz); 2) the ecotoxic effect of the MV on the soil environment; 3) the resveratrol content in knotweed rhizomes after MV treatment. The field studies were carried out in 2022 in southern Poland. Cut plants were MV treated at times: 5.0–25.0 min. The MV efficiency was checked 10 and 56 days after treatment (DAT). After MV treatment, fresh soil samples were taken to analyze their ecotoxicity. As a result, at 56 DAT, knotweed was controlled if MV was used for at least 20.0 min. The MV did not affect the soil ecotoxicity. The MV-treated soils were classified as non-toxic or low-toxic. To analyze the resveratrol content, healthy knotweed rhizomes were dug out and treated with MV in laboratory at times: 2.5–10.0 min, and analyzed for the resveratrol content in HPLC-MS/MS. In result, the resveratrol in the rhizomes significantly decreased following MV exposure in a time-depending manner.
Effects of different vegetation restoration types on soil fungal community composition and functional groups
Authors: Cheng Xuefei , Jiang Siyuan , El-Naggar Ali , Tang Yingzhou , Liu Xin , Zhang Jinchi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This study investigates the structure and functional groups of soil fungal communities in major vegetation types in subtropical China. The main objective is to understand the responses of these communities to different vegetation types, and the influence of soil properties, such as soil organic carbon (SOC), pH, soil ammonium nitrogen (AN), available potassium (AK), and nitrate nitrogen (NN), on the structure and functional groups of the soil fungal communities.
Methods
We explored the impact of different vegetation types on fungal diversity in various plantations, including bare land, Liriodendron chinense (Hu) T.C. Chen, Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook, Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel ex H.de Lehaie (moso bamboo), and mixed fores. We also analyzed variations in soil properties across different soil depths.
Results
The results showed that the soil available potassium (AK) and soil nitrate nitrogen (NN) in mixed forests were significantly lower than those in bare land by 47% and 57%, respectively. The Soil organic carbon (SOC), NN, and pH decreased significantly by 49%, 45%, and 8%, respectively with increasing the soil depth. The diversity of soil fungal communities in mixed forest and mandarin forest was 20% higher than that in bare land. The relative abundance of Ectomycorrhizal fungi was highest in bamboo forests, while the relative abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi and plant pathogens increased with increasing soil depth, by 12% and 7%, respectively.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that vegetation types and soil properties significantly impact the structure and diversity of soil fungal communities in subtropical plantations. These changes in the fungal community may stimulate the soil nutrient cycle, contributing to the ecosystem sustainability.