bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physics-separating artificial neural networks for predicting initial stages of Al sputtering and thin film deposition in Ar plasma discharges
Authors: Gergs Tobias , Mussenbrock Thomas , Trieschmann Jan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Simulations of Al thin film sputter depositions rely on accurate plasma and surface interaction models. Establishing the latter commonly requires a higher level of abstraction and means to dismiss the fundamental atomic fidelity. Previous works on sputtering processes addressed this issue by establishing machine learning surrogate models, which include a basic surface state (i.e. stoichiometry) as static input. In this work, an evolving surface state and defect structure are introduced to jointly describe sputtering and growth with physics-separating artificial neural networks. The data describing the plasma–surface interactions (PSIs) stem from hybrid reactive molecular dynamics/time-stamped force bias Monte Carlo simulations of Al neutrals and Ar+ ions impinging onto Al(001) surfaces. It is demonstrated that the fundamental processes are comprehensively described by taking the surface state as well as defect structure into account. Hence, a machine learning PSI surrogate model is established that resolves the inherent kinetics with high physical fidelity. The resulting model is not restricted to input from modeling and simulation, but may similarly be applied to experimental input data.
Energy transfer between optically trapped single ligand-free upconversion nanoparticle and dye
Authors: K Suresh , K Monisha , Bankapur Aseefhali , George Sajan D 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The quenching in luminescence emission of an optically trapped ligand-free hydrophilic NaYF4:Yb, Er upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) as a function of rose Bengal dye molecule is investigated here. The removal of oleate capping of the as-prepared UCNPs was achieved via acid treatment and characterized via FTIR and Raman spectroscopic techniques. Further, the capping removed hydrophilic single UCNP is optically trapped and the emission studies were carried out as a function of excitation laser power. Compared to the studies using the bulk solution, the single UCNP luminescence spectrum exhibited additional spectral lines. The excitation laser power-dependent studies using the bulk solution yield a slope value between 1 and 2 for Blue, Green 1, Green 2, and Red emission and thus indicate that upconversion is a two-photon upconversion process. On the other hand, in the case of laser power-dependent studies on an optically trapped single-particle study, Blue and Green 1 yield a slope value of less than 1 whereas Green 2 and Red emission gave a slope value between 1 and 2. The energy transfer studies between an optically trapped ligand-free single UCNP and the rose Bengal dye show a concentration-dependent quenching in the emission of Green emissions and illustrate the potential of developing sensor platforms.
Effect of rotating magnetic field intensity on structure and electrical and optical properties of GaInSb crystal grown with travelling heater method
Authors: Wang Chong , Wang Ruqing , He Guofang , Liu Juncheng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ga1−x
In
x
Sb(0 < x < 1) crystal is a very promising substrate material, which can be used to fabricate a variety of high-performance infrared detectors and lasers by epitaxial growth. Herein, we prepared high quality Ga0.86In0.14Sb crystal (25 mm diameter, 100 mm length) with travelling heater method applied rotating magnetic field (RMF), and revealed the effects of RMF intensity on structure and electrical and optical properties of the crystal. As the RMF intensity increased the crystal quality significantly improved, and the radial segregation of indium decreased from 0.258 to 0.031 mol% mm−1, in the center of the crystal. Similarly, the segregation of indium along the ingot between 20 to 80 mm, toward the traveling zone, decreased from 0.114 to 0.038 mol% mm−1. The dislocation density of GaInSb crystal ingot also decreased from 5.361 × 105 cm−2 to 5.295 × 103 cm−2. The electric properties of the crystal also improved, the carrier mobility increased to 1.902 × 103 from 1.358 × 103cm2 (V·s)−1, the resistivity decreased to 1.047 × 10−3 from 1.822 × 10−3 Ω·cm. Moreover, the infrared transmittance increased from 36% to 39%.
Democratization of quantum technologies
Authors: Seskir Zeki C , Umbrello Steven , Coenen Christopher , Vermaas Pieter E 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs quantum technologies (QT) advance, their potential impact on and relation with society has been developing into an important issue for exploration. In this paper, we investigate the topic of democratization in the context of QT, particularly quantum computing. The paper contains three main sections. First, we briefly introduce different theories of democracy (participatory, representative, and deliberative) and how the concept of democratization can be formulated with respect to whether democracy is taken as an intrinsic or instrumental value. Second, we give an overview of how the concept of democratization is used in the QT field. Democratization is mainly adopted by companies working on quantum computing and used in a very narrow understanding of the concept. Third, we explore various narratives and counter-narratives concerning democratization in QT. Finally, we explore the general efforts of democratization in QT such as different forms of access, formation of grassroot communities and special interest groups, the emerging culture of manifesto writing, and how these can be located within the different theories of democracy. In conclusion, we argue that although the ongoing efforts in the democratization of QT are necessary steps towards the democratization of this set of emerging technologies, they should not be accepted as sufficient to argue that QT is a democratized field. We argue that more reflexivity and responsiveness regarding the narratives and actions adopted by the actors in the QT field and making the underlying assumptions of ongoing efforts on democratization of QT explicit, can result in a better technology for society.
Willingness of older people living with dementia and mild cognitive impairment and their caregivers to have medications deprescribed
Authors: Reeve Emily , Bayliss Elizabeth A , Shetterly Susan , Maiyani Mahesh , Gleason Kathy S , Norton Jonathan D , Sheehan Orla C , Green Ariel R , Maciejewski Matthew L , Drace Melanie , Sawyer Jennifer , Boyd Cynthia M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
people living with cognitive impairment commonly take multiple medications including potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs), which puts them at risk of medication related harms.

Aims
to explore willingness to have a medication deprescribed of older people living with cognitive impairment (dementia or mild cognitive impairment) and multiple chronic conditions and assess the relationship between willingness, patient characteristics and belief about medications.

Methods
cross-sectional study using results from the revised Patients’ Attitudes Towards Deprescribing questionnaire (rPATDcog) collected as baseline data in the OPTIMIZE study, a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial educating patients and clinicians about deprescribing. Eligible participants were 65+, diagnosed with dementia or mild cognitive impairment, and prescribed at least five-long-term medications.

Results
the questionnaire was mailed to 1,409 intervention patients and 553 (39%) were returned and included in analysis. Participants had a mean age of 80.1 (SD 7.4) and 52.4% were female. About 78.5% (431/549) of participants said that they would be willing to have one of their medications stopped if their doctor said it was possible. Willingness to deprescribe was negatively associated with getting stressed when changes are made and with previously having a bad experience with stopping a medication (P &lt; 0.001 for both).

Conclusion
most older people living with cognitive impairment are willing to deprescribe. Addressing previous bad experiences with stopping a medication and stress when changes are made to medications may be key points to discuss during deprescribing conversations.
Simulation of Alcohol Control Policies for Health Equity (SIMAH) Project: Study Design and First Results
Authors: Probst Charlotte , Buckley Charlotte , Lasserre Aurélie M. , Kerr William C. , Mulia Nina , Puka Klajdi , Purshouse Robin C. , Ye Yu , Rehm Jürgen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Since about 2010, life expectancy at birth in the United States has stagnated and begun to decline, with concurrent increases in the socioeconomic divide in life expectancy. The Simulation of Alcohol Control Policies for Health Equity (SIMAH) Project uses a novel microsimulation approach to investigate the extent to which alcohol use, socioeconomic status (SES), and race/ethnicity contribute to unequal developments in US life expectancy and how alcohol control interventions could reduce such inequalities. Representative, secondary data from several sources will be integrated into one coherent, dynamic microsimulation to model life-course changes in SES and alcohol use and cause-specific mortality attributable to alcohol use by SES, race/ethnicity, age, and sex. Markov models will be used to inform transition intensities between levels of SES and drinking patterns. The model will be used to compare a baseline scenario with multiple counterfactual intervention scenarios. The preliminary results indicate that the crucial microsimulation component provides a good fit to observed demographic changes in the population, providing a robust baseline model for further simulation work. By demonstrating the feasibility of this novel approach, the SIMAH Project promises to offer superior integration of relevant empirical evidence to inform public health policy for a more equitable future.
Waning humoral and cellular immunity after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with psoriasis treated with methotrexate and biologics: a cohort study
Authors: Kvist-Hansen Amanda , Pérez-Alós Laura , Al-Sofi Rownaq Fares , Heftdal Line Dam , Hamm Sebastian Rask , Møller Dina Leth , Pries-Heje Mia Marie , Fogh Kamille , Hansen Cecilie Bo , Hasselbalch Rasmus Bo , Madsen Johannes Roth , Armenteros Jose Juan Almagro , Frikke-Schmidt Ruth , Hilsted Linda , Sørensen Erik , Ostrowski Sisse Rye , Bundgaard Henning , Nielsen Susanne Dam , Iversen Kasper , Zachariae Claus , Garred Peter , Skov Lone 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines have short- and long-term efficacy in healthy individuals, but their efficacy in patients with psoriasis receiving immunomodulatory therapy is less studied.

Objectives
To investigate long-term immunity after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with psoriasis receiving immunomodulatory therapy.

Methods
A prospective cohort study including patients (n = 123) with psoriasis receiving methotrexate (MTX) or biologics and controls (n = 226). Only mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines administered with standard intervals between doses were investigated. Markers of immunity included SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein-specific IgG and IgA, neutralizing capacity, and interferon-γ release from T cells stimulated with peptides of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein.

Results
The proportion of IgG responders was lower 6 months after vaccination in patients receiving anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatment compared with controls. Anti-TNF treatment was associated with lower IgG levels (β = −0.82, 95% confidence interval −1.38 to −0.25; P = 0.001). The median neutralizing index was lower in the anti-TNF group [50% inhibition (interquartile range [IQR] 37–89)] compared with controls [98% inhibition (IQR 96–99)]; P &lt; 0.001. Cellular responses were numerically lowest in the anti-TNF group.

Conclusions
Treatment with anti-TNF has an impact on the immunity elicited by mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination in patients with psoriasis, resulting in a faster waning of humoral and cellular markers of immunity; however, the clinical implications are unknown.
Predicting progression to Alzheimer’s disease with human hippocampal progenitors exposed to serum
Authors: Maruszak Aleksandra , Silajdžić Edina , Lee Hyunah , Murphy Tytus , Liu Benjamine , Shi Liu , de Lucia Chiara , Douiri Abdel , Salta Evgenia , Nevado Alejo J , Teunissen Charlotte E , Visser Pieter J , Price Jack , Zetterberg Henrik , Lovestone Simon , Thuret Sandrine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is important for learning and memory and is altered early in Alzheimer’s disease. As hippocampal neurogenesis is modulated by the circulatory systemic environment, evaluating a proxy of how hippocampal neurogenesis is affected by the systemic milieu could serve as an early biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease progression. Here, we used an in vitro assay to model the impact of systemic environment on hippocampal neurogenesis. A human hippocampal progenitor cell line was treated with longitudinal serum samples from individuals with mild cognitive impairment, who either progressed to Alzheimer’s disease or remained cognitively stable. Mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease progression was characterized most prominently with decreased proliferation, increased cell death and increased neurogenesis. A subset of ‘baseline’ cellular readouts together with education level were able to predict Alzheimer’s disease progression. The assay could provide a powerful platform for early prognosis, monitoring disease progression and further mechanistic studies.
Treatment of dissecting cellulitis of the scalp with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors: a retrospective multicentre study
Authors: Alzahrani Muslih , Coste Victor , Konstantinou Maria Polina , Reguiai Ziad , Villani Axel , Hotz Claire , Viguier Manuelle , Pruvost-Balland Christelle , Dupuy Alain , Wolkenstein Pierre , Brun Aurore , Aubin François , Sérézal Irène Gallais 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Although retinoids are considered as the most effective treatment, management of dissecting cellulitis of the scalp (DCS) is often challenging. A multicentre retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents in treating DCS after failure of other conventional treatments. Twenty-six patients were included. After a mean treatment duration of 19 months (SD 21), the median Physician’s Global Assessment score decreased from 3 to 1. The median number of inflammatory nodules and abscesses decreased from 7 to 0.5 and from 1 to 0, respectively. The median Dermatology Life Quality Index and numerical rating scale score for pain severity decreased from 10 to 8 and 6 to 1, respectively. The median treatment satisfaction was 7 out of 10 on the Patient Satisfaction Index. This study confirms the efficacy of anti-TNF agents in treating patients with DCS that is resistant to conventional therapies.
Tralokinumab treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in daily practice
Authors: Schlösser Anne R , Shareef Madena , Olydam Jill , Nijsten Tamar E C , Hijnen Dirk Jan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Evidence about tralokinumab treatment for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) in daily practice is limited.

Aim
To report the first evidence, to our knowledge, from daily practice of treatment with tralokinumab in patients with AD.

Methods
In this observational prospective study, patients with AD who received tralokinumab treatment in the context of routine care at the Erasmus Medical Centre were included between November 2021 and February 2022. This included 28 patients who had previously been treated with dupilumab, and 14 patients who had been treated with a Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi). The Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA; 0–4) and the numeric rating scale peak pruritus during the past 7 days (NRS itch 7d: 0–10), adverse events and reasons for discontinuation were analysed. A good clinical response was defined as any decrease in IGA and NRS itch 7d and if a patient was satisfied with the treatment and wished to continue with therapy.

Results
In total, 37 patients were treated with tralokinumab. Twenty-two (59%) patients showed a good response to tralokinumab treatment. Fifteen (41%) patients discontinued treatment because of inadequate AD control or adverse events. Treatment-related adverse events were mild in most patients. Half of the patients where treatment with dupilumab had failed had a good clinical response to tralokinumab.

Conclusions
Tralokinumab was found to be effective in most patients in this cohort with difficult-to-treat, severe AD from daily practice. Interestingly, tralokinumab was also found to be effective in 50% of patients who had previously experienced insufficient response or adverse events with dupilumab treatment.
Aircraft noise exposure induces pro-inflammatory vascular conditioning and amplifies vascular dysfunction and impairment of cardiac function after myocardial infarction
Authors: Molitor Michael , Bayo-Jimenez Maria T , Hahad Omar , Witzler Claudius , Finger Stefanie , Garlapati Venkata S , Rajlic Sanela , Knopp Tanja , Bieler Tabea K , Aluia Melania , Wild Johannes , Lagrange Jeremy , Blessing Recha , Rapp Steffen , Schulz Andreas , Kleinert Hartmut , Karbach Susanne , Steven Sebastian , Ruf Wolfram , Wild Philipp , Daiber Andreas , Münzel Thomas , Wenzel Philip 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Aims
Traffic noise may play an important role in the development and deterioration of ischaemic heart disease. Thus, we sought to determine the mechanisms of cardiovascular dysfunction and inflammation induced by aircraft noise in a mouse model of myocardial infarction (MI) and in humans with incident MI.

Methods and results
C57BL/6J mice were exposed to noise alone (average sound pressure level 72 dB; peak level 85 dB) for up to 4 days, resulting in pro-inflammatory aortic gene expression in the myeloid cell adhesion/diapedesis pathways. The noise alone promoted adhesion and infiltration of inflammatory myeloid cells in vascular/cardiac tissue, paralleled by an increased percentage of leucocytes with a pro-inflammatory, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing phenotype and augmented expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase type 2 (Nox2)/phosphorylation of nuclear factor ‘kappa light chain enhancer’ of activated B-cells (phospho-NFκB) in peripheral blood. Ligation of the left anterior descending artery resulted in worsening of cardiac function, pronounced cardiac infiltration of CD11b+ myeloid cells and Ly6Chigh monocytes, and induction of interleukin (IL) 6, IL-1β, CCL-2, and Nox2, being aggravated by noise exposure prior to MI. MI induced stronger endothelial dysfunction and more pronounced increases in vascular ROS in animals preconditioned with noise. Participants of the population-based Gutenberg Health Cohort Study (median follow-up:11.4 years) with incident MI revealed elevated C-reactive protein at baseline and worse left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) after MI in case of a history of noise exposure and subsequent annoyance development.

Conclusion
Aircraft noise exposure before MI substantially amplifies subsequent cardiovascular inflammation and aggravates ischaemic heart failure, facilitated by a pro-inflammatory vascular conditioning. Our translational results suggest that measures to reduce environmental noise exposure will be helpful in improving the clinical outcome of subjects with MI.
Key question
Key finding
Take-home-MessageAircraft noise exposure before MI substantially amplifies cardiovascular inflammation and aggravates cardiac impairment after MI.
“I Have a Dream and I Wish it Would Come True”
Authors: Alhuzail Nuzha Allassad , Levinger Miriam 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Deaf Bedouin young women in Israel experience marginalization, discrimination, and institutional neglect, which, coupled with the traditions of Bedouin society, pose a complex challenge to social inclusion. This qualitative study of 14 deaf Bedouin young women, using a semi-structured questionnaire, found that instead of providing support, their socio-ethnic affiliation is a source of suffering, whereas their deaf identity and their belonging to the deaf community are sources of strength and self-esteem. The study’s contribution is that it presents the unique story of deaf Bedouin young women and reveals how belonging to the deaf community helps them to accept their deafness as uniqueness rather than as a disability and enables them to hold on to their dreams of higher education, obtaining rewarding work, and marrying and raising a family.
Long-term outcomes of perioperative myocardial infarction/injury after non-cardiac surgery
Authors: Puelacher Christian , Gualandro Danielle M , Glarner Noemi , Lurati Buse Giovanna , Lampart Andreas , Bolliger Daniel , Steiner Luzius A , Grossenbacher Mario , Burri-Winkler Katrin , Gerhard Hatice , Kappos Elisabeth A , Clerc Olivier , Biner Laura , Zivzivadze Zaza , Kindler Christoph , Hammerer-Lercher Angelika , Filipovic Miodrag , Clauss Martin , Gürke Lorenz , Wolff Thomas , Mujagic Edin , Bilici Murat , Cardozo Francisco A , Osswald Stefan , Caramelli Bruno , Mueller Christian ,   for the BASEL-PMI Investigators, Hidvegi Reka , Freese Michael , Arslani Ketina , Weder Samantha , Maiorano Silvia , Rentsch Katharina , Buser Andreas , Mitrovic Sandra , Strebel Ivo , Seeberger Esther , Lardinois Didier , Schaeren Stefan , Meister Rebecca , Pargger Mirjam 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Aims
Perioperative myocardial infarction/injury (PMI) following non-cardiac surgery is a frequent cardiac complication. Better understanding of the underlying aetiologies and outcomes is urgently needed.

Methods and results
Aetiologies of PMIs detected within an active surveillance and response programme were centrally adjudicated by two independent physicians based on all information obtained during clinically indicated PMI work-up including cardiac imaging among consecutive high-risk patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery in a prospective multicentre study. PMI aetiologies were hierarchically classified into ‘extra-cardiac’ if caused by a primarily extra-cardiac disease such as severe sepsis or pulmonary embolism; and ‘cardiac’, further subtyped into type 1 myocardial infarction (T1MI), tachyarrhythmia, acute heart failure (AHF), or likely type 2 myocardial infarction (lT2MI). Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) including acute myocardial infarction, AHF (both only from day 3 to avoid inclusion bias), life-threatening arrhythmia, and cardiovascular death as well as all-cause death were assessed during 1-year follow-up. Among 7754 patients (age 45–98 years, 45% women), PMI occurred in 1016 (13.1%). At least one MACE occurred in 684/7754 patients (8.8%) and 818/7754 patients died (10.5%) within 1 year. Outcomes differed starkly according to aetiology: in patients with extra-cardiac PMI, T1MI, tachyarrhythmia, AHF, and lT2MI 51%, 41%, 57%, 64%, and 25% had MACE, and 38%, 27%, 40%, 49%, and 17% patients died within 1 year, respectively, compared to 7% and 9% in patients without PMI. These associations persisted in multivariable analysis.

Conclusion
At 1 year, most PMI aetiologies have unacceptably high rates of MACE and all-cause death, highlighting the urgent need for more intensive treatments.

Study registration
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02573532.