bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Composition And Influencing Factors of Hospital Expenses in Patients with Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy
Authors: Guo Yixian , Wang Yufeng , Yin Guozhi , Tuo Hang , Zhu Yifeng , Wang Yiheng , Yang Wei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: To determine the composition and influencing factors of hospital expenses of patients undergone laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) in an effort to reasonably control the hospital costs and reduce the economic burden of patients.
Method: The inpatient expenses of 574 patients with LSG surgery from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022, in a tertiary hospital in China were retrospectively studied. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the composition of inpatient expenses. The mean values between the two groups were compared using the independent t-test, and the mean values between multiple groups were compared using an ANOVA test. The effective results of Mono-factor analysis were further analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis.
Result: (1) The result indicated an upward trend in hospital expenses among LSG patients over the past four years, with an average cost of 53241.87 RMB. The major components of hospital charge were: operation costs of 7109.60 RMB (13.35%) and disposable material costs of 13849.69 RMB (26.01%), accounting for 39.36% of the total hospital costs. (2) The results of multiple linear regression analysis were observed that F=33.478, P<0.05. Gender, complications, number of other diagnoses, year of discharge, age and length of stay were the important factors affecting hospital expenses. Hospitalization expenses were higher for male patients than female patients, which increased as comorbidities, age, postoperative complications, and length of stay increased.
Conclusion: High operation costs and continuously rising material costs contribute to rising hospitalization expenses for LSG patients. Early operation to reduce weight, control of obesity-related comorbidities, reducing postoperative complication risk, reasonable control of hospitalization time, and more effective surgical costs management can significantly reduce hospitalization costs for this patient group.
ceRNA network and WGCNA analyses of differentially expressed genes in cervical cancer tissues for association with survival of patients
Authors: Luo yongjin , liu zhen , hu xiaoxia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To identify differential expressed genes (DEGs) in cervical cancer tissues as prognostic biomarkers.
Methods
We analyzed gene expression profiles from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) using R software. DEGs were identified in cervical cancer tissues. miRNAs targeted by differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs targeted by microRNAs were identified using bioinformatics tools. The ceRNA network and lncRNA expression modules were constructed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed DEGs as prognostic markers. Immunohistochemical analysis validated hub gene expression in 10 paired cervical cancer and normal tissues.
Results
We identified 1914 DEmRNAs, 210 DElncRNAs, and 67 DEmiRNAs in cervical cancer samples. The ceRNA network revealed several lncRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs involved. CACNA1C-AS1 and LIFR-AS1 were associated with specific modules. Three hub genes (E2F1, CCNB1, and CCNE1) showed high expression in cervical cancer tissues and correlated with patient prognosis.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates the utility of ceRNA network and WGCNA analyses to identify novel DEGs as prognostic markers in cervical cancer. These findings warrant further validation in future studies.
RETRACTED: Isolation of Carnobacterium from hand triturated with a “carne” (meat) grinder. Case report
Authors: Barrientos-Flores Corazón , García-Hernández María Lourdes , Mendez-Sotelo Braulio Josué , Hernández-Durán Melissa , Cerón-González Guillermo , Colín-Castro Claudia A. , Franco-Cendejas Rafael , López-Jácome Luis Esaú 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Examining changes in sexual risk in Britain between 1990-2010: A Latent Class Analysis approach
Authors: Muschialli Luke , Samartsidis Pantelis , Presanis Anne , Mercer Catherine H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Understanding how sexual risk changes over time is important for determining the likelihood of adverse sexual health outcomes. There are different risk profiles in the population and standard descriptive or regression methods are limited in their ability to capture this multidimensional concept. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) is a mixture modelling method that generates a categorical latent variable classifying a heterogeneous population into homogenous groups. We therefore use LCA to investigate sexual risk in Britain, and if and for whom, this has changed between 1990 and 2010.
Methods: Data from three rounds of Britain’s decennial National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyle (Natsal) were used, restricted to sexually-active participants (those reporting any sexual partners in the past year) aged 16-44-years (N1990=11,738; N2000=9,690; N2010=8,397). LCA was used with four variables: partner numbers (past year), number of partners without a condom (past year), age at first sex and self-perceived HIV risk, as variables common to all three Natsals. Covariates included age, ethnicity, educational attainment, same-sex attraction, and marital status. Multinomial regression analyses and Chi-Squared tests assessed change over time.
Results: Partner number was the key driver of class membership, the resulting three classes we labelled: Long-Term Monogamy (41.3% of men; 60.9% of women), Risk-Conscious Monogamy (32.5%; 23.4%) and Sexual Risk Taking (26.2%; 15.7%) There was a statistically significant increase between 1990 and 2010 in the proportion of men (c2=739.49, p<0.01) and women (c2=1270.43, p<0.01) in the Sexual Risk-Taking class, increasing from 19.5% to 31.1% (men) and 9.9% to 22.1% (women). Marital status, specifically being single/not cohabiting, was strongly associated with Sexual Risk-Taking class membership at all time points.
Conclusion: Our results indicate the viability of LCA models to assess change over time for complex behavioural phenomena, whilst supporting previous findings, namely an increase in sexual risk-taking in recent decades, partnership number driving class assignment, and significant sex differences in risk-taking. This methodological approach to assessing change over time can be used to extend previous LCA models (such as investigating the impact of COVID-19 on latent class composition) and to support empirical evidence of change over time to facilitate more nuanced public health policy.
Low ceiling effect of Forgotten-Joint Score 12 after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A longitudinal retrospective study
Authors: Sakamoto Takuya , Watanabe Shotaro , Horii Manato , Ito Ryu , Toguchi Kaoru , Akagi Ryuichiro , Kimura Seiji , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Ohtori Seiji , Sasho Takahisa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Conventional patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are crucial for postoperative evaluation following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); however, a disadvantage is their high ceiling effect. In contrast, Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS) is used for postoperative evaluation after total joint arthroplasty and has a low ceiling effect. We aimed to assess the ceiling effect in FJS, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Lysholm Knee Score (LKS) at 1 and 2 years after ACLR and to predict the factors influencing FJS in the first postoperative year.
Methods: This retrospective observational study included 47 patients who underwent double-bundle primary ACLR. We surveyed the demographic characteristics of the patients and the side-to-sided difference of tibial anterior translation and limb symmetry index of the single-leg hop test (SLH-LSI) at 1 year postoperatively. Additionally, we collected the FJS, KOOS, and LKS scores at 1 and 2 years postoperatively using identical predetermined questionnaires. We compared the FJS scores at 1 and 2 years postoperatively using paired t-tests and calculated the ceiling effects of the FJS, KOOS, and LKS scores. In addition, multiple linear regression analysis was performed to predict the factors influencing the FJS score 1 year postoperatively.
Results: The participants included 32 women and 15 men (mean age, 27.2 years; mean body mass index, 22.8 kg/m2). The mean FJS scores at 1 and 2 years postoperatively were 85.0 ± 18.1 and 89.8 ± 13.1, respectively, and had no significant differences (p = 0.06). The ceiling effects for the FJS, KOOS, and LKS scores at 1 year postoperatively were 23.4%, 34.0%, and 29.8%, and 36.2%, 43.8%, and 42.6% at 2 years postoperatively. The SLH-LSI score affected the FJS 1 year postoperatively (estimated coefficient 38.183, p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The ceiling effect of FJS on ACLR up to 2 years tended to be lower than that of KOOS and LKS. Knee function related to the FJS was similar to that of other PROMs. The FJS may also be useful for assessing the short clinical course after ACLR.
Linc-NSC affects cell differentiation, apoptosis and proliferation in mouse neural stem cells and embryonic stem cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Zou Dan , guo lili , Qiu Wenqiao , Fei Fan , Chen Lihua , Chen Wenjin , xiong Huan , Li Xinda , Wang Yangyang , Gao Mingjun , Zhu Jianwei , Zhang Jin , He Yunsen , Gao Mou , Xu Ruxiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Stem cell therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy. Our previous study evaluated tumorigenicity by stereotactic transplantation of mouse neural stem cells (NSCs) and mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). When the mice were examined 28 days later, there was no evidence of tumor formation or long-term engraftment in the NSCs transplantation group. In contrast, due to the high proliferative capacity, ESCs transplantation caused tumor formation. Based on transcriptome sequencing, we found that a long intergenic noncoding RNA (named linc-NSC) with unknown structure and function was 1100 times more expressed on NSCs than on ESCs. It is suggested that linc-NSC is negatively correlated with stem cell pluripotency and tumor development, but positively correlated with neurogenesis. Therefore, we further wanted to clarify the role of linc-NSC in NSCs/ESCs in tumor formation and neurogenesis.
Methods
Whole transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing and bioinformatics was used to predict the lncRNA widely associated with enhanced tumorigenicity. The expression of linc-NSC was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR. The cell proliferation assay, differentiation assay, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry in vitro, and survival rate and immunofluorescence assays in vivo were performed to investigate the impacts of linc-NSC on tumor formation and neurogenesis in NSCs and ESCs.
Results
We discovered that after the knockdown of linc-NSC in NSCs, NSCs cultured in vitro and those transplanted into the mouse cortex showed stronger survival ability, enhanced proliferation, and reduced apoptosis, and the opposite result was observed with linc-NSC overexpression in ESCs. Meanwhile, overexpression of linc-NSC in ECSs can induce enhanced apoptosis and differentiation, and inhibit tumorigenesis in vivo, reduction in tumor weight.
Conclusions
The linc-NSC, a promising gene-edited target, may promote the differentiation of mouse NSCs and inhibit tumorigenesis of mouse ESCs. In other words, knockdown of linc-NSC inhibits NSCs apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, and is unable to trigger tumor formation, revealing a new dimension into the lncRNA of low survival NSCs and providing a prospective gene manipulation target before transplantation. In parallel, overexpression of linc-NSC induces ESCs apoptosis in vitro and in vivo，attenuating the tumorigenicity of ESCs in vivo, although it can’t completely prevent tumor formation.
Feature-based vs. deep-learning fusion methods for the in vivo detection of early radiation dermatitis using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Photiou Christos , Cloconi Constantina , Strouthos Iosif 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
More than half of all cancer patients receive some form of radiation therapy during the course of their illness. Unfortunately, acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) is a common side effect of radiation that leads to significant morbidity. Although there are various treatment options, ARD is still the cause of significant distress, thus, additional research is required to improve prevention and treatment strategies. Unfortunately, the lack of biomarkers for quantitative assessment of early changes associated with the condition, impedes further progress. This study was designed to explore the identification of early ARD using intensity-based and novel features of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images, combined with machine learning. Twenty-two patients underwent imaging twice weekly, at six locations on the neck, until the end of their radiation treatment. An expert oncologist graded the severity of their ARD. A traditional feature-based machine learning (ML) and a deep learning (DL) fusion approach were compared for their ability to classify normal skin vs. early ARD from the 1487-image dataset collected. Results showed that the deep learning approach outperformed traditional ML, achieving an accuracy of 88%. These findings provide a promising foundation for future research aimed at creating a quantitative assessment tool to improve the management of ARD.
Unravelling Ultralow Thermal Conductivity in Double Perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6: Dominant Wave-like Phonon Tunnelling, Strong Quartic Anharmonicity and Lattice Instability
Authors: Huang Baoling , Zheng Jiongzhi , Lin Changpeng , Lin Chongjia , Hautier Geoffroy , Guo Ruiqiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Efficient manipulation of thermal energy in halide perovskites is crucial for their opto-electronic, photovoltaic and thermoelectric applications. However, understanding the lattice dynamics and heat transport physics in the lead-free halide double perovskites remains an outstanding challenge due to their lattice dynamical instability and strong anharmonicity. In this work, we investigate the microscopic mechanisms of anharmonic lattice dynamics and thermal transport in lead-free halide double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 from first principles. We combine self-consistent phonon calculations with bubble diagram correction and a unified theory of lattice thermal transport that considers both the particle-like phonon propagation and wave-like tunnelling of phonons. An ultra-low thermal conductivity at room temperature (~0.21 Wm-1K-1) is predicted with weak temperature dependence(~T-0.45), in sharp contrast to the conventional ~T-1 dependence. Particularly, the vibrational properties of Cs2AgBiBr6 are featured by strong anharmonicity and wave-like tunnelling of phonons. Anharmonic phonon renormalization from both the cubic and quartic anharmonicities are found essential in precisely predicting the phase transition temperature in Cs2AgBiBr6 while the negative phonon energy shifts induced by cubic anharmonicity has a significant influence on particle-like phonon propagation. Further, the contribution of the wave-like tunnelling to the total thermal conductivity surpasses that of the particle-like propagation above around 340 K, indicating the breakdown of the phonon gas picture conventionally used in the Peierls-Boltzmann Transport Equation. Importantly, further including four-phonon scatterings is required in achieving the dominance of wave-like tunnelling, as compared to the dominant particle-like propagation channel when considering only three-phonon scatterings. Our work highlights the importance of lattice anharmonicity and wave-like tunnelling of phonons in the thermal transport in lead-free halide double perovskites.
Outcome of vaccinated COVID-19 patients at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, national COVID-19 treatment center Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Authors: Derese Tadios Niguss , Tefera Rediet Yitagesu , Hundie Tsegaye Gebreyes , Seyoum Abebaw Bekele , Abera Lidya Abebe , Butta Bemnet Fekre , Tilahun Robel Bayou , Soboka Tariku Assefa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The majority of wealthy countries are distributing the COVID-19 vaccine to their citizens, and the World Health Organization has registered more than eight COVID-19 vaccines. Ethiopia wants to provide COVID-19 vaccinations to at least half of the populace by the end of 2022 as a COVAX facility under the direction of the World Health Organization. Since the outbreak of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19), a number of studies have been conducted, mainly focusing on the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients. There are limited studies on the outcomes of COVID-19-vaccinated patients worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the outcome of vaccinated COVID-19 patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Eka Kotebe General Hospital National COVID-19 Treatment Center. After pretesting a structured quantitative tool, it was applied to study subjects using chart review to obtain the necessary data. Data were checked, coded, entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were presented using text, figures, and tables. The association between variables was analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was declared at p <=0.05 with a 95% confidence interval.
Result: Data from 284 fully vaccinated COVID-19 patients were reviewed in this study, with a mean age of 55.45 years. Forty-seven (16.5%) of the study participants died despite having been vaccinated against COVID-19. Age (AOR=2.80, 95% CI = 1.72, 10.91), chronic kidney disease (AOR=3.60, 95% CI = (1.17, 11.09)), stroke (AOR=7.43, 95% CI = (2.13, 25.92)), and taking antipyretics (AOR=5.57, 95% CI = (2.01, 15.45)) were the factors that had a significant association with COVID-19-admitted patient mortality.
Conclusion and recommendation: Death is a common condition among vaccinated elderly patients with severe COVID-19 comorbidities. The magnitude of death among vaccinated COVID-19 patients at Eka Kotebe General Hospital, a national COVID-19 treatment center, was found to be 16.5%. Age <=35 years, chronic kidney disease, stroke, and anti-pain/antipyretic medications were significantly associated with COVID-19 mortality among vaccinated patients. Healthcare providers should prioritize and closely monitor elderly patients who have received the COVID-19 vaccine.
Outdoor Air Pollution in Dakar city (Senegal) and Health Risk Assessment: A pilot study
Authors: Daffe Mouhamadou Lamine , THIAM Salimata , BAH Fatoumata , NDONG Awa , YESSA Jackline , Cabral Mathilde , DIOP Cheikh , TOURE Aminata , LAM Absa , MBOW-DIOKHANE Aminata , FALL Mamadou 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Outdoor air pollution is the underlying cause of 4.2 million premature deaths per year, of which some 18% were due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 23% due to acute lower respiratory tract infections (IRI). In West African countries, anthropogenic sources of air pollution are concentrated near residential areas, thus exposing populations to high risks of adverse effects. In order to stimulate the implementation of policies to reduce population exposure, this study aimed to describe outdoor air pollution in Dakar (Senegal) and to estimate its health impact. The description was made by comparing the annual averages of various pollutants (NO2, SO2, PM10 and PM2.5) to guideline values ​​and on the other hand by converting the monthly averages into time-series which trends and seasonality are described using the R software. The impact was estimated with AirQ+ software by calculating the number of specific health outcomes (hospital admissions for respiratory diseases and all-cause mortality) from short-term exposure to outdoor air pollutants’ levels above the threshold of 10 ug/m3. Monthly levels follow a linear trend (except that of NO2), with a seasonal component. Pollution peaks are always observed in the December-January-February quarter, while the lowest levels are observed in the July-August-September quarter. Moreover, the annual levels are all above the guideline values, except for SO2. Between 2016 and 2018, and for all ages combined, 1379 (13.38%) cases of hospital admission for respiratory diseases can be attributed to short-term exposure to PM10. The latter is also the underlying cause of 315 (7.48%) non-accident deaths noted in 2017. Air pollution is a real problem in Dakar in view of the level of indicators. With regard to their health impact, a more exhaustive and more robust estimation would be very useful for better exposure reduction policies. To this end, air quality monitoring and health data management could be improved.
The rule of four: anomalous stoichiometries of inorganic compounds
Authors: Gazzarrini Elena , Cersonsky Rose , Bercx Marnik , Adorf Simon , Marzari Nicola 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Why are materials with specific characteristics more abundant than others?
This is a fundamental question in materials science and one that is traditionally difficult to tackle, given the vastness of compositional and configurational space.
We highlight here the anomalous abundance of inorganic compounds whose primitive unit cell contains a number of atoms that is a multiple of four.
This occurrence - named here the rule of four - has to our knowledge not previously been reported or studied.
Here, we first highlight the rule's existence, especially notable when restricting oneself to experimentally known compounds, and explore its possible relationship with established descriptors of crystal structures, from symmetries to energies.
We then investigate this relative abundance by looking at structural descriptors, both of global (packing configurations) and local (the smooth overlap of atomic positions) nature.
Contrary to intuition, the overabundance does not correlate with low-energy or high-symmetry structures; in fact, structures which obey the rule of four are characterized by low symmetries and loosely packed arrangements maximizing the free volume.
We are able to correlate this abundance with local structural symmetries, and visualize the results using a hybrid supervised-unsupervised machine learning method.
Shallow serpentinization promoted the up-dip high-frequency seismic wave radiation during the 2021 Mw8.1 Kermadec megathrust earthquake
Authors: Wei Shengji , Zeng Hongyu , Yang Hongfeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Large megathrust earthquakes exhibit frequency-dependent rupture, with high-frequency (HF) seismic waves primarily emanating from the down-dip region of the coseismic slip. This has been attributed to mechanical heterogeneity at the locking zone’s lower boundary 1–3. However, we present that the 2021 Mw 8.1 Kermadec megathrust earthquake defied this trend by predominantly radiating HF energy from the up dip of its coseismic slip. To examine this phenomenon, we resolve the mainshock’s coseismic slip and HF evolution by employing finite fault inversions 4 and a path-calibrated back-projection 5 with travel time path calibration from relocated seismicity, respectively. The coseismic slip reveals a compact patch at 20–50 km depth, elongating ~ 100 km along the slab's strike. Interestingly, HF sources are distributed along the up-dip edge of the patch, coinciding with the forearc Moho depth and bursting within an active seismic belt comprising background events, aftershocks, the mainshock epicenter, and triggered HF sources from the Mw 7.4 foreshock. We attribute the prominent up-dip HF radiation to strong friction heterogeneity near the over-riding Moho, likely resulting from serpentinization initiation in the overriding oceanic mantle wedge. Significant slip on the partially serpentinized plate interface necessitates a re-evaluation of earthquake hazards in conventionally considered aseismic regions.