bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors contributing to the change in thermoneutral maximal oxygen consumption after iso‐intensity heat acclimation programmes
Authors: Peel Jenny , John Kevin , Page Joe , Scott Georgia , Jeffries Owen , Heffernan Shane , Tallent Jamie , Waldron Mark 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThe factors explaining variance in thermoneutral maximal oxygen uptake (O2max) adaptation to heat acclimation (HA) were evaluated, with consideration of HA programme parameters, biophysical variables and thermo‐physiological responses. Seventy‐one participants consented to perform iso‐intensity training (range: 45%−55%O2max) in the heat (range: 30°C‐38°C; 20%−60% relative humidity) on consecutive days (range: 5‐days‐14‐days) for between 50‐min and‐90 min. The participants were evaluated for their thermoneutralO2maxchange pre‐to‐post HA. Participants’ whole‐body sweat rate, heart rate, core temperature, perceived exertion and thermal sensation and plasma volume were measured, and changes in these responses across the programme determined. Partial least squares regression was used to explain variance in the change inO2maxacross the programme using 24 variables. Sixty‐three percent of the participants increasedO2maxmore than the test error, with a mean ± SD improvement of 2.6 ± 7.9%. A two‐component model minimised the root mean squared error and explained the greatest variance (R2;65%) inO2maxchange. Eight variables positively contributed (P < 0.05) to the model: exercise intensity (%O2max), ambient temperature, HA training days, total exposure time, baseline body mass, thermal sensation, whole‐body mass losses and the number of days between the final day of HA and the post‐testing day. Within the ranges evaluated, iso‐intensity HA improvedO2max63% of the time, with intensity – and volume‐based parameters, alongside sufficient delays in post‐testing being important considerations forO2maxmaximisation. Monitoring of thermal sensation and body mass losses during the programme offers an accessible way to gauge the degree of potential adaptation.
Blue-light-blocking films enabled by optimal absorption in plasmonic nanoparticles
Authors: Chu Bo , Zhong Facheng , Hu Taozheng , Li Yan , Yan Rujiang , Shao Li , Zeng Fanguang , Ding Pei , Du Yinxiao , Gu Ping , Wang Junqiao , Chen Zhuo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The widespread use of light emitting diode (LED) based devices makes us inevitably exposed to a blue-enriched environment and brings a potential risk to our eyes. Developing a blue-light-blocking filter with narrow absorbing band, so as to only block harmful blue light (415–455 nm) is highly expected. Here, we create a blue-light-blocking film, consisting of a transparent medium embedded with plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) that selectively absorb harmful blue light. We present the optimal design based on Mie theory by comprehensive scanning of the parametric space for the NPs, and experimentally demonstrate this concept with a blue-light-blocking film made of silver NPs in a polymer matrix by a simple solvothermal method. For the case of the silver NPs content ∼0.16 wt%, the film can block harmful blue light ∼65% at λ
0 ≈ 430 nm, while maintaining high transparency for the long wavelength light (λ
0 > 500 nm). We also demonstrate that it is possible to correct color cast by optimizing the design of the plasmonic NPs with sharp absorption resonances at yellow waveband. This method has attractive features including simplicity, low cost, non-toxic and scalability to large sizes, which makes it beneficial for blue-light-blocking applications.
Isoscalar monopole strength in 100Mo: an indicator for static triaxial deformation in the ground state*
Authors: Shi Yue , Stevenson P. D. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We perform deformation constraint symmetry-unrestricted three-dimensional time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations for the isoscalar monopole (ISM) mode in 100Mo. Monopole moments are obtained as a function of time using time propagating states based on different deformations. A Fourier transform is then performed on the obtained response functions. The resulting ISM strength functions are compared with experimental data. For the static potential-energy-surface (PES) calculations, the results using the SkM* and UNEDF1 energy-density functionals (EDFs) show spherical ground states and considerable softness in the triaxial deformation. The PES obtained with the SLy4 EDF shows static triaxial deformation. The TDDFT results based on different deformations show that a quadrupole deformation (characterized by

) value of 0.25–0.30 gives a two-peak structure of the strength functions. Increasing triaxial deformation (characterized by γ) from 0

to 30

results in the occurrence of an additional peak between the two, making the general shape of the strength functions closer to that of the data. Our microscopic TDDFT analyses suggest that 100Mo is triaxially deformed in the ground state. The calculated isoscalar

and

strength functions show peaks at lower energies. The coupling of these two modes with the ISM mode is the reason for the three-peak/plateau structure in the strengths of 100Mo.
Transfer learning of an ensemble of DNNs for SSVEP BCI spellers without user-specific training
Authors: Berke Guney Osman , Ozkan Huseyin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objective. Steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs), measured with electroencephalogram (EEG), yield decent information transfer rates (ITRs) in brain-computer interface (BCI) spellers. However, the current high performing SSVEP BCI spellers in the literature require an initial lengthy and tiring user-specific training for each new user for system adaptation, including data collection with EEG experiments, algorithm training and calibration (all are before the actual use of the system). This impedes the widespread use of BCIs. To ensure practicality, we propose a novel target identification method based on an ensemble of deep neural networks (DNNs), which does not require any sort of user-specific training. Approach. We exploit already-existing literature datasets from participants of previously conducted EEG experiments to train a global target identifier DNN first, which is then fine-tuned to each participant. We transfer this ensemble of fine-tuned DNNs to the new user instance, determine the k most representative DNNs according to the participants’ statistical similarities to the new user, and predict the target character through a weighted combination of the ensemble predictions. Main results. The proposed method significantly outperforms all the state-of-the-art alternatives for all stimulation durations in [0.2–1.0] s on two large-scale benchmark and BETA datasets, and achieves impressive 155.51 bits/min and 114.64 bits/min ITRs. Code is available for reproducibility: https://github.com/osmanberke/Ensemble-of-DNNs. Significance. Our Ensemble-DNN method has the potential to promote the practical widespread deployment of BCI spellers in daily lives as we provide the highest performance while enabling the immediate system use without any user-specific training.
Natural decadal variability of global vegetation growth in relation to major decadal climate modes
Authors: Lu Zhengyao , Chen Deliang , Wyser Klaus , Fuentes-Franco Ramón , Olin Stefan , Zhang Qiong , Wu Mousong , Ahlström Anders 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The ongoing climate change can modulate the behavior of global vegetation and influence the terrestrial biosphere carbon sink. Past observation-based studies have mainly focused on the linear trend or interannual variability of the vegetation greenness, but could not explicitly deal with the effect of natural decadal variability due to the short length of observations. Here we put the variabilities revealed by remote sensing-based global leaf area index (LAI) from 1982 to 2015 into a long-term perspective with the help of ensemble Earth system model simulations of the historical period 1850–2014, with a focus on the low-frequency variability in the global LAI during the growing season. Robust decadal variability in the observed and modelled LAI was revealed across global terrestrial ecosystems, and it became stronger toward higher latitudes, accounting for over 50% of the total variability north of 40°N. The linkage of LAI decadal variability to major natural decadal climate modes, such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation decadal variability (ENSO-d), the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO), and the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO), was analyzed. ENSO-d affects LAI by altering precipitation over large parts of tropical land. The PDO exerts opposite impacts on LAI in the tropics and extra-tropics due to the compensation between the effects of temperature and growing season length. The AMO effects are mainly associated with anomalous precipitation in North America and Europe but are mixed with long-term climate change impacts due to the coincident phase shift of the AMO which also induces North Atlantic basin warming. Our results suggest that the natural decadal variability of LAI can be largely explained by these decadal climate modes (on average 20% of the variance, comparable to linear changes, and over 40% in some ecosystems) which also can be potentially important in inducing the greening of the Earth of the past decades.
Review and selection of recycling technology for lithium-ion batteries made for EV application - A life cycle perspective
Authors: Loganathan M. K. , Anandarajah Gabrial , Tan C. M. , Msagati Titus A. M. , Das Barbie , Hazarika Mrigakshee 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The lithium-ion battery is the source of renewable energy and the battery-operated vehicles are gradually replacing fossil fuel-based automobiles. Though Electric Vehicles (EVs) do not produce emissions through tailpipes, yet the issues pertaining to recycling of the lithium-ion batteries employed in EVs lead to environmental burdens. The EVs sale in global market exceeds a million per year. It is estimated that there will be a huge amount of unprocessed waste of lithium-ion battery packs when these vehicles retire after the service life. The re-use of batteries can reduce the waste generation, however the cumulative burden of the battery wastes will be substantial considering the increasing trend of the electric-vehicle market. There are various methods employed for recycling of lithium-ion batteries. The existing literature reports that their environmental impact is significant. The challenge is to choose a method which causes minimal disruptions to the environment in terms of cost, pollution and energy consumption, which can be effectively addressed by a life cycle analysis based selection method. In this paper, a review is conducted on the current recycling technologies and WPM (Weighted Product Method) based Multi-Criteria Approach is employed to optimally choose the best recycling process for lithium-ion batteries from life cycle perspective.
Full-space polarization conversion of electromagnetic waves at terahertz frequency based on metasurface
Authors: Pan Xunyong , Mao Yingji , Zhu Ziyi , Liu Aoli 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a full-space electromagnetic wave polarization converter working in the terahertz frequency was put forward, and its physical mechanism was also analyzed. The polarization converter could realize the reflection cross-polarization conversion in the frequency range of 3.16–3.75 THz, with the Polarization Conversion Rate (PCR) of more than 90%. In the frequency range of 0.43–2.15 THz, it could realize transmission cross-polarization conversion, with the PCR close to 100%. In short, the designed metasurface polarization converter has a simple structure, realizes full-space manipulation of electromagnetic waves, facilitates the miniaturization and integration of the system, and has the potential applications in antennas, imaging systems, remote sensors, and radiometers.
Endothelial PTP4A1 mitigates vascular inflammation via USF1/A20 axis-mediated NF-κB inactivation
Authors: Cho Min Ji , Lee Dong Gwang , Lee Jeong Woong , Hwang Byungtae , Yoon Sung-Jin , Lee Seon-Jin , Park Young-Jun , Park Seung-Ho , Lee Hee Gu , Kim Yong-Hoon , Lee Chul-Ho , Lee Jangwook , Lee Nam-Kyung , Han Tae-Su , Cho Hyun-Soo , Moon Jeong Hee , Lee Ga Seul , Bae Kwang-Hee , Hwang Geum-Sook , Lee Sang-Hak , Chung Sang J , Shim Sungbo , Cho Jaehyung , Oh Goo Taeg , Kwon Young-Guen , Park Jong-Gil , Min Jeong-Ki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Aims
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signalling pathway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple vascular diseases. However, in endothelial cells (ECs), the molecular mechanisms responsible for the negative regulation of the NF-κB pathway are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated a novel role for protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA1 (PTP4A1) in NF-κB signalling in ECs.

Methods and results
In human tissues, human umbilical artery ECs, and mouse models for loss of function and gain of function of PTP4A1, we conducted histological analysis, immunostaining, laser-captured microdissection assay, lentiviral infection, small interfering RNA transfection, quantitative real-time PCR and reverse transcription-PCR, as well as luciferase reporter gene and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of PTP4A1 and overexpression of PTP4A1 in ECs indicated that PTP4A1 is critical for inhibiting the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). PTP4A1 increased the transcriptional activity of upstream stimulatory factor 1 (USF1) by dephosphorylating its S309 residue and subsequently inducing the transcription of tumour necrosis factor-alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3/A20) and the inhibition of NF-κB activity. Studies on Ptp4a1 knockout or transgenic mice demonstrated that PTP4A1 potently regulates the interleukin 1β-induced expression of CAMs in vivo. In addition, we verified that PTP4A1 deficiency in apolipoprotein E knockout mice exacerbated high-fat high-cholesterol diet-induced atherogenesis with upregulated expression of CAMs.

Conclusion
Our data indicate that PTP4A1 is a novel negative regulator of vascular inflammation by inducing USF1/A20 axis-mediated NF-κB inactivation. Therefore, the expression and/or activation of PTP4A1 in ECs might be useful for the treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases.
Non-pharmaceutical interventions and the emergence of pathogen variants
Authors: Ashby Ben , Smith Cameron A , Thompson Robin N 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNon-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as social distancing and contact tracing, are important public health measures that can reduce pathogen transmission. In addition to playing a crucial role in suppressing transmission, NPIs influence pathogen evolution by mediating mutation supply, restricting the availability of susceptible hosts, and altering the strength of selection for novel variants. Yet it is unclear how NPIs might affect the emergence of novel variants that are able to escape pre-existing immunity (partially or fully), are more transmissible or cause greater mortality. We analyse a stochastic two-strain epidemiological model to determine how the strength and timing of NPIs affect the emergence of variants with similar or contrasting life-history characteristics to the wild type. We show that, while stronger and timelier NPIs generally reduce the likelihood of variant emergence, it is possible for more transmissible variants with high cross-immunity to have a greater probability of emerging at intermediate levels of NPIs. This is because intermediate levels of NPIs allow an epidemic of the wild type that is neither too small (facilitating high mutation supply), nor too large (leaving a large pool of susceptible hosts), to prevent a novel variant from becoming established in the host population. However, since one cannot predict the characteristics of a variant, the best strategy to prevent emergence is likely to be an implementation of strong, timely NPIs.
The four pillars of HFrEF therapy: is it time to treat heart failure regardless of ejection fraction?
Authors: Docherty Kieran F , Bayes-Genis Antoni , Butler Javed , Coats Andrew J S , Drazner Mark H , Joyce Emer , Lam Carolyn S P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The syndrome of heart failure (HF) has historically been dichotomized based on clinical trial inclusion criteria into patients with a reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) using a cut-off of above or below 40%. The majority of trial evidence for the benefits of disease-modifying pharmacological therapy has been in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), i.e. those with an LVEF ≤40%. Recently, the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors empagliflozin and dapagliflozin have been shown to be the first drugs to improve outcomes in HF across the full spectrum of LVEF. There is, however, growing evidence that the benefits of many of the neurohumoral modulators shown to be beneficial in patients with HFrEF may extend to those with a higher LVEF above 40% but still below the normal range, i.e. HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF). Whether the benefits of some of these medications also extend to patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an area of ongoing debate. This article will review the evidence for HF treatments across the full spectrum of LVEF, provide an overview of recently updated clinical practice guidelines, and address the question whether it may now be time to treat HF with some therapies regardless of ejection fraction.
Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and the intersection of cardio-renal-metabolic medicine #CaReMe
Authors: Marx Nikolaus , Cheng Alice Y Y , Agarwal Rajiv , Greene Stephen J , Abuhantash Hadi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are important comorbidities in patients with heart failure (HF) that can complicate the clinical management and have major implications for morbidity and mortality. In addition, the presence of these comorbidities, particularly advanced CKD, is a limitation for the implementation of guideline-directed therapies in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Though clinical trials in patients with HFrEF trials included varying percentages of patients with diabetes and/or CKD, patients with advanced CKD have been excluded in most HF studies. Thus, management recommendations for these patients often have to be extrapolated from subgroup analyses. This article summarizes pathophysiological aspects of the interaction of HFrEF, CKD, and diabetes and addresses clinical aspects for the screening of these comorbidities. Moreover, current treatment options for patients with HFrEF and CKD and/or diabetes are discussed and novel strategies such as the use of the selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist Finerenone are addressed.
Mastication Fuels Did Not Alter Fire Severity or Stand Structure in an Upland Oak Woodland
Authors: Arthur Mary A , Blankenship Beth , Leuenberger Wendy , Winkenbach Jordan , Black Devin E 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the eastern deciduous forest region, open oak woodlands once occupied significant areas that are now closed-canopy forests, negatively affecting wildlife habitat and biodiversity. We superimposed midstory mastication and prescribed fire treatments onto sites with ice storm damage, subsequently subjected to sanitation thinning for management restoration. Mastication reduced stem density and basal area, created a variable cover of masticated material, and increased cover of forbs, graminoids, and tree regeneration. Prescribed fire was implemented two years after mastication treatment. We examined fuel changes and whether masticated fuels altered fire severity. Masticated duff depth decreased significantly two years after treatment; no change occurred on nonmasticated treatments. Masticated 1-hour fuels decreased 80% compared to 35% in nonmasticated treatments and masticated 10 h fuels decreased 45% compared to 9.6% in treatments without mastication. Prescribed fire reduced 1, 10, and 100 h fuels on the burn only treatment, and 10 h fuels on the mastication/burn treatment. Burn severity, measured by composite burn index, did not differ between treatments, nor did we measure significant effects of mastication on fire temperature or char height. Fire had no significant effect on stand structure but should be reexamined in three to five years. Repeated burning at three to five y intervals may also be beneficial.
Stress and Depression in Ohio Social Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Buffering Role of Social Connectedness
Authors: Park Daejun , Lee Mingun , Osborne Kara , Minnick Dane 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough social workers have an elevated risk of infection with COVID-19, no previous studies have investigated the virus’s impact on practitioners. Using survey data (N = 441), this study identified associations between stress, depression, and COVID-related factors and explored the role of social connectedness as a moderator for mental health among Ohio social workers. The results of the study showed that among social workers with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis, 70 percent experienced moderate/high levels of stress, and 37 percent met the criteria for clinical depressive symptoms. Results from the multiple regression analyses showed that perceived stress was positively associated with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis for social workers, and depression was positively associated with working with a client with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis. An interaction effect was also identified between social connectedness and social workers’ mental health. These findings suggest that the provision of individual or organizational interventions that emphasize social connectedness can help to protect social workers’ mental health.
Ensuring Safety of Patients in Complex Health Systems: A Focus on Primary Healthcare Service Relations in Nigeria
Authors: Uzochukwu Benjamin , Agwu Prince , Okeke Chinyere , Uzochukwu Adaora , Onwujekwe Obinna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPatient-centered healthcare is a goal for all health systems. However, given the inherent complexities of the health system as one with many nonlinear and dynamic components, the safety of patients could be affected. Therefore, there is the need to study these complexities to manage them toward optimal service delivery. The present study is a qualitative inquiry into the complexities of primary healthcare (PHC) in Nigeria and effects on patients’ safety across four PHC facilities in Enugu state in southeast Nigeria. It utilizes a framework that draws on the components of interprofessional collaboration, inclusive of health financing and health workforce satisfaction, to understand the complex PHC system and patient safety. The study findings show that the PHC system in the study area performs suboptimally on the three counts, which implies poor management of the complexities of the system such that patients are highly susceptible to harm. Making a commitment to addressing the shortcomings present in each of the three components will help to decomplexify PHC in line with the World Health Organization agenda of achieving resilient and strong health systems. Importantly, optimizing the psychosocial space in Nigeria’s PHC by employing qualified social workers and other psychosocial professionals is crucial for patient safety and a range of psychosocial activities that can enhance job satisfaction of health workers.