bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RUSC1‐AS1 promotes the malignant progression of breast cancer depending on the regulation of the miR‐326/XRCC5 pathway
Authors: Ayoufu Aisikeer , Paierhati Puerkaiti , Qiao Lei , Zhang Nan , Abudukeremu Muzhapaer 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the key regulators for cancer progression, including breast cancer (BC). RUSC1 antisense 1 (RUSC1‐AS1) has been found to be highly expressed in BC, but its role and potential molecular mechanism in BC remain to be further elucidated.MethodsQuantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) was utilized to measure RUSC1‐AS1, microRNA (miR)‐326 and X‐ray repair cross‐complementing group 5 (XRCC5) expression. Cell proliferation, metastasis, cell cycle, apoptosis and angiogenesis were determined by cell counting kit‐8, colony formation, transwell, flow cytometry and tube formation assays. Protein expression was detected by western blot analysis. The targeted relationship between miR‐326 and RUSC1‐AS1 or XRCC5 was validated using dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay. Xenograft models were constructed to uncover the effect of RUSC1‐AS1 on BC tumorigenesis.ResultsRUSC1‐AS1 was upregulated in BC, and its downregulation suppressed BC proliferation, metastasis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, and tumor growth. MiR‐326 was confirmed to be sponged by RUSC1‐AS1, and its inhibitor reversed the regulation of RUSC1‐AS1 silencing on BC progression. XRCC5 could be targeted by miR‐326. Overexpression of XRCC5 reversed the inhibitory impacts of miR‐326 on BC progression.ConclusionRUSC1‐AS1 could serve as a sponge of miR‐326 to promote BC progression by targeting XRCC5, suggesting that RUSC1‐AS1 might be a target for BC treatment.
Altered urinary tryptophan metabolites in alcohol‐associated liver disease
Authors: Xu Raobo , Vatsalya Vatsalya , He Liqing , Ma Xipeng , Feng Wenke , McClain Craig J. , Zhang Xiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) leads to millions of deaths worldwide annually. A few potential biomarkers of ALD have been discovered through metabolomic or proteomic analysis. Tryptophan (Trp), one of nine essential amino acids, has been extensively studied and shown to play significant roles in many mammalian physiological processes. However, Trp metabolism changes in ALD are not yet fully understood. Whereas urine is an abundant and non‐invasive source for disease biomarker discovery the current study investigated whether the abundance of Trp metabolites in the urine of ALD patients differs from that of healthy subjects. We also examined whether, if present in ALD, changes in urinary Trp metabolites can serve as markers for differentiating between mild/moderate and severe ALD.MethodsWe quantified the concentration of Trp and its metabolites in urine samples of healthy controls (n = 18), patients with mild or moderate alcohol‐related liver injury (non‐severe ALD; n = 21), and patients with severe alcohol‐associated hepatitis (severe AH; n = 25) using both untargeted and targeted metabolomics.ResultsEighteen Trp metabolites were identified and quantified from the untargeted metabolomics data. We developed a targeted metabolomics method to quantify the Trp and its metabolites and quantified 17 metabolites from the human urine samples. The data acquired in the untargeted and targeted platforms agreed and showed that the Trp concentration is not affected by the severity of ALD. However, the abundance of 10 Trp metabolites was correlated with the model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score, with the abundance of nine metabolites significantly different between the healthy control and ALD patient groups.ConclusionWe found that Trp metabolism differs between ALD patients and healthy controls even though the concentration of Trp was not affected. Two Trp metabolites, quinolinic acid and indoxyl sulfate, correlate highly with the severity of ALD.
Effects of vineyard management, herbaceous cover and vine plant characteristics on bird diversity in a North African agroecosystem
Authors: Belkhiri Abdelkhalek , Chahlaoui Abdelkader , Bendaoud Ahmed , Sadki Mohcine , Moubchir Tarik , Haddadi Youssef , Saidi Abdelhak , Maliki Abdelmonaim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFollowing the demand for organic wines and ecological practices, organic viticulture has increased dramatically in recent decades. The effect of agricultural practices on organic and conventional vines on bird diversity has not been studied in North Africa. In this study, we analysed the impact of the management method, season, herbaceous cover and vine plant size on bird diversity in organic and conventional vineyards. Our findings show that organic agriculture has a positive impact on bird diversity compared with conventional vineyards. Bird diversity changes with the seasons, being higher in winter, autumn and spring than in summer. Compared with conventional vineyards, the diversity of birds was higher on the organic vineyards in autumn, winter and spring. In summer, the differences between organic and traditional agriculture became negligible. Thus, the increased percentage of grass cover had a positive effect on bird diversity. Furthermore, bird diversity decreases with increasing vine plant size. The findings of this research are promising in this regard. We promote continued research into this aspect of using grassland cover and intensity of tillage as a tool to conserve wildlife and support indigenous species.
Vacuum assisted closure with mesh mediated fascial traction of open abdominal wounds and acute fascial dehiscence, a single institution experience
Authors: Taylor Danielle , Dooreemeah Dilshad , Al‐Habbal Yahya , Jacobs Rodney 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundsLaparostomy is a common means of managing surgical catastrophes, but often results in large ventral hernias which prove difficult to repair. It is also associated with high rates of enteric fistula formation. Dynamic methods of managing the open abdomen have been shown to result in higher rates of fascial closure and fewer complications. Recent publications have suggested the addition of chemical components relaxation with botulinum toxin has an added advantage over prior methods.MethodsWe report on a series of emergent cases managed by the combination of Botulinum toxin A (BTA) mediated chemical relaxation with a modified method of mesh‐mediated fascial traction (MMFT) and negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT).ResultsThirteen cases (nine laparostomies and four fascial dehiscence) were successfully closed in a median of 12 days, using a median of 4 ‘tightenings’, with no clinical herniation detected at follow up so far (median 183 days, IQR 123–292). There were no procedure‐related complications, but one death from the underling pathology.ConclusionsWe report further cases of vacuum assisted mesh‐mediated fascial traction (VA‐MMFT) utilizing BTA in successfully managing laparostomy and abdominal wound dehiscence and continues the known high rate of successful fascial closure seen when applied in treating the open abdomen.
Transportability of Causal Inference under Random Dynamic Treatment Regimes for Kidney–Pancreas Transplantation
Authors: Lyden Grace R. , Vock David M. , Helgeson Erika S. , Finger Erik B. , Matas Arthur J. , Snyder Jon J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A difficult decision for patients in need of kidney–pancreas transplant is whether to seek a living kidney donor or wait to receive both organs from one deceased donor. The framework of dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) can inform this choice, but a patient-relevant strategy such as “wait for deceased-donor transplant” is ill-defined because there are multiple versions of treatment (i.e., wait times, organ qualities). Existing DTR methods average over the distribution of treatment versions in the data, estimating survival under a “representative intervention.” This is undesirable if transporting inferences to a target population such as patients today, who experience shorter wait times thanks to evolutions in allocation policy. We, therefore, propose the concept of a generalized representative intervention (GRI): a random DTR that assigns treatment version by drawing from the distribution among strategy compliers in the target population (e.g., patients today). We describe an inverse-probability-weighted product-limit estimator of survival under a GRI that performs well in simulations and can be implemented in standard statistical software. For continuous treatments (e.g., organ quality), weights are reformulated to depend on probabilities only, not densities. We apply our method to a national database of kidney–pancreas transplant candidates from 2001–2020 to illustrate that variability in transplant rate across years and centers results in qualitative differences in the optimal strategy for patient survival.
Attitude networks as intergroup realities: Using network‐modelling to research attitude‐identity relationships in polarized political contexts
Authors: Lüders Adrian , Carpentras Dino , Quayle Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe apply a newly developed attitude network‐modelling technique (Response‐Item Network, or ResIN) to study attitude–identity relationships in the context of hot–button issues that polarize the current US‐American electorate. The properties of the network–method allow us to simultaneously depict differences in the structural organization of attitudes between groups and to explore the relevance of organized attitude–systems for group identity management. Individuals based on a sample of US‐American crowd workers (N = 396) and the representative 2020 ANES data set (N = 8280), we model an attitude network with two conflictive partisan belief‐systems. In the first step, we demonstrate that the structural properties of the attitude‐network provide substantial information about latent partisan identities, thereby revealing which attitudes ‘belong’ to specific groups. In a second step, we evaluate the potential of attitudes to communicate identity‐relevant information. Results from a vignette study suggest that people rely on their mental representations of attitude‐identity links to structure and evaluate their social environment. By highlighting functional interdependences between (macro level) attitude structures and identity management, the presented findings help advancing the understanding of attitude‐identity dynamics and socio‐political cleavages.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided colo‐colostomy for the treatment of benign complete occlusion of colonic anastomosis: a case series and description of technique
Authors: Pang Philip B. C. , Chouhan Ashvina , Joshi Heman M. N. , Wheeler James M. D. , Corbett Gareth D. , Varghese Sibu , Godfrey Edmund M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimThe incidence of benign colonic anastomotic stricture is approximately 2% in patients undergoing left hemicolectomy or anterior resection and as high as 16% in patients undergoing low anterior or intersphincteric resection. In the majority, rather than complete occlusion, a stenosis forms, which can be managed with endoscopic balloon dilatation, a self‐expanding metallic stent or endoscopic electroincision. In the less common scenario of a completely occluded colonic anastomosis, surgery is often required. In this study, we aim to describe the technique we used to treat this condition non‐operativelyMethodWe describe a case series of three patients with benign complete occlusion of their colorectal anastomosis and how we managed them nonoperatively with a colonic/rectal endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) anastomosis technique and a Hot lumen‐apposing metallic stent.ResultsWe demonstrate that the technical and clinical success for this technique is 100%.ConclusionsWe believe that the technique we describe is effective and safe. It should be widely reproducible in centres with expertise in interventional EUS, given the similarity to well‐established procedures such as EUS‐guided gastroenterostomy. Patient selection and timing of reversal of ileostomy need careful consideration, especially in patients with a history of keloid formation. Given the shorter hospital stay and reduced invasiveness of this technique, we believe it should be considered for all patients who have complete benign occlusion of a colonic anastomosis. However, given the small number of cases and short period of follow‐up, the long‐term outcome of this technique is not known. More studies with higher power and a longer period of follow‐up should be conducted to further ascertain the effectiveness of this technique.
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis associated with clindamycin in a patient with Hailey–Hailey disease
Authors: Casillas Austin C. , Barragan Victor A. , Alhalaseh Yazan , Modi Mitul B. , Lake Eden , Speiser Jodi J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA 61‐year‐old African‐American female with moderately controlled Hailey–Hailey disease (HHD) presents to the emergency department with a rash and fever. One day prior to her presentation, she was started on oral clindamycin for a tooth extraction procedure. Her physical examination shows diffuse erythema on the trunk and extremities with multiple nonfollicular pustules. A punch biopsy of her upper extremity revealed intraepidermal acantholysis, neutrophilic spongiosis, and subcorneal pustules. The perivascular and interstitial superficial dermal infiltrate is mixed and composed of predominantly neutrophils, with lymphocytes and rare eosinophils. These findings suggest a superimposed acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) in the background of HHD. AGEP is a potentially severe cutaneous condition characterized by the abrupt onset of numerous nonfollicular pustules in a background of pruritic edematous erythroderma. To date, only two case reports have described AGEP in patients with HHD. Early diagnosis of AGEP is essential to initiate prompt and aggressive systemic therapy, prompt medication cessation, close monitoring for end‐organ damage, and improve overall morbidity and mortality.
PRAME expression in cutaneous melanoma does not correlate with disease‐specific survival
Authors: Parra Ourania , Ma Weijie , Li Zhongze , Coffing Bryan N. , Linos Konstantinos , LeBlanc Robert E. , Momtahen Shabnam , Sriharan Aravindhan , Cloutier Jeffrey M. , Wells Wendy A. , Yan Shaofeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmunohistochemistry‐based protein biomarkers can provide useful prognostic information in cutaneous melanoma. The independent prognostic value of Ki‐67 has been studied with variable results. PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma (PRAME) immunohistochemistry is a useful new ancillary tool for distinguishing cutaneous nevi from melanoma; however, its prognostic value has not been well studied. We evaluated PRAME as a prognostic marker in cutaneous melanoma, compared to Ki‐67.MethodsWe analyzed the immunohistochemical expression of PRAME and Ki‐67 in 165 melanocytic lesions, including 92 primary melanomas, 19 metastatic melanomas, and 54 melanocytic nevi using tissue microarrays. PRAME immunostaining was scored based on the percentage of positive nuclei: 0 <1%, 1+ 1%–25%, 2+ 26%–50%, 3+ 51%–75%, and 4+ >75%. The percentage of Ki‐67‐positive tumor nuclei was used to calculate the proliferation index.ResultsPRAME and Ki‐67 both showed significantly increased expression in melanomas compared to nevi (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in PRAME expression in primary versus metastatic melanomas. By contrast, the Ki‐67 proliferation index was higher in metastatic melanoma than in primary melanoma (p = 0.013). Increased Ki‐67 index correlated with ulceration (p < 0.001), increased Breslow depth (p = 0.001), and higher mitotic rate (p < 0.0001), whereas increased PRAME expression correlated with higher mitotic rate (p = 0.047) and Ki‐67 index (p = 0.007). Increased Ki‐67 index correlated with worse disease‐specific survival in patients with primary melanoma (p < 0.001), but PRAME expression did not show prognostic significance in disease‐specific survival (p = 0.63). In a multivariable analysis of patients with primary melanoma, tumor Breslow depth, ulceration, mitotic rate, and Ki‐67 index were each independent predictors of disease‐specific survival (p = 0.006, 0.02, 0.001, and 0.04, respectively); however, PRAME expression was not predictive of disease‐specific survival (p = 0.64).ConclusionKi‐67 is an independent prognostic marker; although increased PRAME expression correlates with the Ki‐67 proliferation index and mitotic rate, PRAME is not an independent prognostic marker for cutaneous melanoma. PRAME and Ki‐67 are useful ancillary tools for distinguishing benign from malignant melanocytic lesions.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐rendezvous versus percutaneous‐endoscopic rendezvous endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for bile duct access: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yoon Seung Bae , Yang Min Jae , Shin Dong Woo , Soh Jae Seung , Lim Hyun , Kang Ho Suk , Moon Sung‐Hoon 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesEndoscopic ultrasound (EUS) or percutaneous‐assisted antegrade guidewire insertion can be used to achieve biliary access when standard endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) fails. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate and compare the effectiveness and safety of EUS‐assisted rendezvous (EUS‐RV) and percutaneous rendezvous (PERC‐RV) ERCP.MethodsWe searched multiple databases from inception to September 2022 to identify studies reporting on EUS‐RV and PERC‐RV in failed ERCP. A random‐effects model was used to summarize the pooled rates of technical success and adverse events with 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsIn total, 524 patients (19 studies) and 591 patients (12 studies) were managed by EUS‐RV and PERC‐RV, respectively. The pooled technical successes were 88.7% (95% CI 84.6–92.8%, I2 = 70.5%) for EUS‐RV and 94.1% (95% CI 91.1–97.1%, I2 = 59.2%) for PERC‐RV (P = 0.088). The technical success rates of EUS‐RV and PERC‐RV were comparable in subgroups of benign diseases (89.2% vs. 95.8%, P = 0.068), malignant diseases (90.3% vs. 95.5%, P = 0.193), and normal anatomy (90.7% vs. 95.9%, P = 0.240). However, patients with surgically altered anatomy had poorer technical success after EUS‐RV than after PERC‐RV (58.7% vs. 93.1%, P = 0.036). The pooled rates of overall adverse events were 9.8% for EUS‐RV and 13.4% for PERC‐RV (P = 0.686).ConclusionsBoth EUS‐RV and PERC‐RV have exhibited high technical success rates. When standard ERCP fails, EUS‐RV and PERC‐RV are comparably effective rescue techniques if adequate expertise and facilities are feasible. However, in patients with surgically altered anatomy, PERC‐RV might be the preferred choice over EUS‐RV because of its higher technical success rate.
Successful transabdominal treatment of a chronic splenic abscess caused byClostridium perfringensafter penetrating external trauma in a horse
Authors: Schwieder Alexander , Niebuhr Tobias , Geburek Florian 
Published: July 2023

SummaryThis report describes the successful treatment of a traumatic splenic abscess by transabdominal drainage under ultrasonographic guidance. The gelding presented for investigation of recurrent pyrexia, mild abdominal pain and weight loss after a penetrating trauma to the caudolateral abdomen 5 weeks previously. At this stage, the abdominal wall had healed and a splenic abscess was diagnosed. Before treatment, mature adhesions between the abdominal wall and the spleen were confirmed by diagnostic laparoscopy in the standing horse. Transabdominal ultrasound‐guided drainage was performed, followed by intralesional placement of a balloon catheter for 2 weeks and a silicone drain for an additional week. Postoperatively, the horse was treated with intralesional and systemic antibiotics. The healing process was unremarkable and the horse was discharged 4 weeks postoperatively. At 10 months post‐surgery, after the body condition score had normalised, the horse returned to its previous level of performance.
Gaps in mammal conservation in China: An analysis with a framework based on minimum area requirements
Authors: Wang Yihong , Zhang Chengcheng , Qiu Lan , Yang Biao , Dai Qiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractClimate change, habitat loss, and human disturbance are major threats to biodiversity. Protecting habitats plays a pivotal role in biodiversity conservation, and there is a global imperative to establish an effective system of protected areas (PAs) to implement habitat conservation and halt biodiversity decline. However, the protected patch size of habitat for a species is just as important for biodiversity conservation as the expansion of areas already under protection. In China, conservation management is often carried out based on administrative divisions. Therefore, here, an analytical conservation management framework was developed based on administrative divisions to assess whether the current network of PAs can effectively meet species' conservation needs using the minimum area requirements (MARs) of species as criteria for medium and large‐sized mammals in China. This study found that the MAR of medium and large‐sized mammals was larger in the northwest and smaller in the southeast, while taking the Hu line as the dividing line. Precipitation seasonality, elevation, annual mean temperature, and annual precipitation are the main environmental factors driving the distribution of a species MAR. Compared with MAR for each species, the maximum protected patch size of habitat is severely undersized in most provinces where those species primarily distribute, and this is particularly true for large carnivores and threatened species. The densely populated provinces of eastern China are particularly affected by this. The present study's framework can identify the provinces needing to expand PAs or implement other effective area‐based conservation measures and habitat restoration. This analytical framework is also relevant for biodiversity conservation in different taxa and regions around the globe.
Large‐scale exploration of nitrogen utilization efficiency in Asia region for rice crop: Variation patterns and determinants
Authors: Sun Yuming , Gao Limin , Meng Xusheng , Huang Jian , Guo Junjie , Zhou Xuan , Fu Guohai , Xu Yang , Firbank Leslie G. , Wang Min , Ling Ning , Feng Xumeng , Shen Qirong , Guo Shiwei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractImproving rice nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUtE) is imperative to maximizing future food productivity while minimizing environmental threats, yet knowledge of its variation and the underlying regulatory factors is still lacking. Here, we integrated a dataset with 21,571 data compiled by available data from peer‐reviewed literature and a large‐scale field survey to address this knowledge gap. The overall results revealed great variations in rice NUtE, which were mainly associated with human activities, climate conditions, and rice variety. Specifically, N supply rate, temperature, and precipitation were the foremost determinants of rice NUtE, and NUtE responses to climatic change differed among rice varieties. Further prediction highlighted the improved rice NUtE with the increasing latitude or longitude. The indica and hybrid rice exhibited higher NUtE in low latitude regions compared to japonica and inbred rice, respectively. Collectively, our results evaluated the primary drivers of rice NUtE variations and predicted the geographic responses of NUtE in different varieties. Linking the global variations in rice NUtE with environmental factors and geographic adaptability provides valuable agronomic and ecological insights into the regulation of rice NUtE.