bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How was a sedentary lifestyle associated with the prevalence of thyroid nodules among government staff?
Authors: Zhou Peien , Zeng Hongli , Zhang Weizheng , Yang Shuo , Zhang Wangjian , Zhou Hui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurpose A sedentary lifestyle has been an increasing public health issue especially since the outbreak of COVID-19. Limited evidence was reported on the association between sedentary lifestyle and prevalence of thyroid nodules, a benign but prevalent health concern in the modern society. Methods This study used the annual examination data of Guangzhou public officials in 2020. Thyroid nodules were diagnosed following standard criteria. Sedentary lifestyle was self-reported as spending < 2 h, 2 ~ 4 h, 4 ~ 6 h, or > 6 h per day staying sedentary. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association between sedentary lifestyle and thyroid nodules. Results were also stratified by covariates. Results Among 18,023 participants, sedentary lifestyle was positively associated with the prevalence of thyroid nodules, withORs (95%CIs) of 1.23 (1.05–1.43), 1.69 (1.45–1.96), and 1.74 (1.49–2.03) for those with daily sedentary time of 2 ~ 4h, 4 ~ 6h, >6h compared with < 2h group (P-trend < 0.01). The three estimates (i.e., 1.29, 1.92, and 1.96 respectively) were stronger among the participants with thyroid nodules of TI-RADS-2 stage compared with other groups. Stratified analysis also indicated a modification effect of age, with the estimates for participants aged ≥ 50 being 1.21, 1.79 and 2.00, compared with 1.04, 1.29 and 1.31 among those aged 35 ~ 49, and 1.13, 1.37 and 1.34 among those under 34 years old (P-interaction = 0.012). Conclusions A sedentary lifestyle may be associated with increased prevalence of thyroid nodules among government staff, with the elderly being the most vulnerable. The sedentary lifestyle should be modified to promote their well-being.
Warming alters floral phenology and resource provisioning in native plant species from a threatened ecological community
Authors: Schmidt Lena Alice , Gilpin Amy-Marie , Rymer Paul D. , Gibson-Roy Paul , Cook James M. , Power Sally A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Global warming has the potential to affect plant growth, with changes in flowering phenology and nectar rewards that have subsequent effects on pollinating insects. Despite the importance of native vegetation for provisioning pollinating insects, few studies have evaluated the impacts of elevated temperatures on floral resource supply of native plant species, particularly in Australia. To examine the effects of warming on the flowering phenology and nectar production of 11 herbaceous plant species endemic to south-eastern Australia, we conducted a glasshouse experiment spanning the flowering season with two temperature treatments (ambient: 30°C [TA]; elevated: 34°C [TE]). We found that plant species differed widely in their responses to warming. Flowering phenology changed significantly under TE in three species and flower production was reduced in three species. While there was no significant treatment effect on the number of nectar-producing flowers and nectar sugar concentrations across species, individual flower nectar volume increased with warming in one species. Meanwhile, aboveground biomass production was reduced under TE in three species, and three species experienced a reduction in relative biomass allocation to reproductive, compared to vegetative, growth. These changes in reproductive resource allocation and floral phenology could impact floral resource availability, plant-pollinator interactions and pollination services in the future, notably for those critical resources supplied by winter flowering species, at times when overall floral resource availability in the landscape is low. This represents a risk for the long-term viability of vulnerable plant communities, including remnant native vegetation, that are already threatened due to land use change.
Comparing the Enhanced Recovery Program with the Conventional Techniques in Patients Undergoing Intestinal Surgery: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Aggarwal Devanshu , Sood Rumit , Saini Manmohan , Kumar Amarendra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
There is limited adoption and paucity of research on ERAS in the Indian scenario despite plethora of literature in the western world. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the efficacy of the ERAS program in Indian population.
Methods
This prospective study involves 100 patients undergoing planned intestinal surgery, implementing ERAS program in 46 and traditional care in 54 patients. Primary outcomes were postoperative length of hospital stay and morbidity. Secondary outcomes were reinsertion of nasogastric tubes and urinary catheters, postoperative opioid consumption, time to first bowel sounds/flatus/stools, and factors jeopardizing the success of ERAS.
Results
ERAS without affecting the morbidity, decreases the median postoperative length of stay. Reinsertion was not affected post early removal of nasogastric tubes and urinary catheters. Although, opioid consumption significantly decreased from 51.85–19.57%. Male gender and hypertensive patients were independent predictors of ERAS failure.
Conclusion
ERAS has significantly benefitted postoperative outcomes with improved quality of patient care and therefore, can be adopted across the health system.
UBE4B interacts with the ITCH E3 ubiquitin ligase to induce Ku70
and c-FLIPL polyubiquitination and enhanced neuroblastoma
apoptosis
Authors: Clorennec Christophe Le , Subramonian Divya , Huo Yuchen , Zage Peter 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Expression of the UBE4B ubiquitin ligase is strongly associated with neuroblastoma patient outcomes, but the functional roles of UBE4B in neuroblastoma pathogenesis are not known. We evaluated interactions of UBE4B with the E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH/AIP4 and the effects of UBE4B expression on Ku70 and c-FLIPL ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation by co-immunoprecipitation and Western blots. We also evaluated the role of UBE4B in apoptosis induced by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition using Western blots. UBE4B binding to ITCH was mediated by WW domains in the ITCH protein. ITCH activation led to ITCH-UBE4B complex formation and recruitment of Ku70 and c-FLIPL via ITCH WW domains, followed by Ku70 and c-FLIPL Lys48/Lys63 branched polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. HDAC inhibition induced Ku70 acetylation, leading to release of c-FLIPL and Bax from Ku70, increased Ku70 and c-FLIPL Lys48/Lys63 branched polyubiquitination via the ITCH-UBE4B complex, and induction of apoptosis. UBE4B depletion led to reduced polyubiquitination and increased levels of Ku70 and c-FLIPL and to reduced apoptosis induced by HDAC inhibition via stabilization of c-FLIPL and Ku70 and inhibition of caspase 8 activation. Our results have identified novel interactions and novel targets for UBE4B ubiquitin ligase activity and a direct role of the ITCH-UBE4B complex in responses of neuroblastoma cells to HDAC inhibition, suggesting that the ITCH-UBE4B complex plays a critical role in responses of neuroblastoma to therapy and suggesting a potential mechanism underlying the association of UBE4B expression with neuroblastoma patient outcomes.
Characterization and Clinical Verification of Immune-related Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma to Aid Prognosis Evaluation and Immunotherapy
Authors: Qu Jialin , Sun Fenghao , Hou Yichen , Qi Haoran , Sun Xiaorong , Xing Ligang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
(1) Backgroud: Immune-related genes (IRGs) have been confirmed to play an important role in tumorigenesis and tumor microenvironment formation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated how IRGs regulates the HCC immunophenotype and thus affects the prognosis and response to immunotherapy.
(2) Methods: We investigated RNA expression of IRGs and developed an immune-related genes-based prognostic index (IRGPI) in HCC samples. Then, the influence of the IRGPI on the immune microenvironment was comprehensively analysed.
(3) Results: According to IRGPI, HCC patients are divided into two immune subtypes. A high IRGPI was characterized by an increased tumor mutation burden (TMB) and a poor prognosis. More CD8+ tumor infiltrating cells and expression of PD-L1 were observed in low IRGPI subtypes. Two immunotherapy cohorts confirmed patients with low IRGPI demonstrated significant therapeutic benefits. Multiplex immunofluorescence staining determined that there were more CD8+ T cells infiltrating into tumor microenvironment in IRGPI-low groups, and the survival time of these patients was longer.
(4) Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the IRGPI serve as a predictive prognostic biomarker and potential indicator for immunotherapy.
Nutrient digestibility, gut microflora, carcass yield and meat microbiology of broilers fed diets supplemented Ethiopian pepper (Xylopia aethiopica), Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum) and their composite
Authors: Williams Gabriel Adedotun , Oso Abimbola Oladele , Mafimidiwo Ayotunde Nathanael , Olayemi Wasiu Ajani , Akinjute Obafemi Foluso , Isaque Adebayo Adewumi , Williams Oluwaseyi Kudirat , Ogunrombi Joshua Olumide 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The effect of dietary supplementation of Ethiopian pepper (Xylopia aethiopica) and clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and their composite on nutrient digestibility, gut microflora, carcass yield and meat microbiology were investigated in a 52-day boiler feeding trial. Three hundred and sixty unsexed Ross broilers were used for the study. Four experimental diets were formulated for the tarter (0-28days) and finisher (29-56days) phases; Diet 1 was the control without Phytogenic supplementation, Diet 2 (supplemented with 1% Ethiopian pepper (EP)), Diet 3 (supplemented with 1% Clove (CL)) and Diet 4 (supplemented with 1% mix of equal quantity (0.5% each) of Ethiopian pepper and clove (EPCL)). Each treatment was replicated 6 times with 15 birds per replicate. Nutrient digestibility was determined on days 28 and 56, gut microflora was determined for the small intestine and caecum on day 56, carcass yield, organ weights and meat microbiology were also determined on day 56. Data obtained were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance using SAS 2000 and significant means were separated using Tukey’s test in the same software. At day 28, broilers fed the diet supplemented EPCL had the highest (P < 0.05) dry matter digestibility (DMD, 86.81%) and crude protein digestibility (CPD, 71.28%). Increased (P < 0.05) ether extract digestibility (EED) was observed for broilers fed the diet supplemented CL (75.27%) and EPCL (76.43%). At day 56, broilers fed the diet supplemented CL and those fed the EPCL supplemented diet had increased (P < 0.05) CPD (78.07%, 79.35%) and EED (70.20%, 71.42%). Intestinal clostridium count reduced (P < 0.05) and lactobacillus count increased (P < 0.05) in the intestine and caecum of broilers fed the diet supplemented CL and those fed EPCL supplemented diet. Intestinal coliform and salmonella count reduced (P < 0.05) for broilers fed the diet supplemented EP and those fed the EPCL supplemented diet. Dietary supplementation of EPCL resulted in the highest (P < 0.05) body weight (BW, 2551.38g), dressing percentage (DP, 81.68%) and breast weight (510.20g). Supplementation of EP, CL, and EPCL in the diet of broilers resulted in higher (P < 0.05) spleen weight while dietary supplementation of EP and EPCL resulted in higher (P < 0.05) thymus weight. Clostridium count was reduced (P < 0.05) in the meat of broilers fed the diet supplemented CL and EPCL and the lowest (P < 0.05) salmonella count was observed in the meat of broilers fed the diet supplemented with EPCL. In conclusion, the current study reveals that dietary supplementation with EPCL composite improves nutrient digestibility, gut microflora, dressing percentage with reduced meat microbial load of broilers.
Six polymorphisms in the lncRNA H19 gene and the risk of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Maoquan , Zhang Mingwei , Wang Qiong , Guo Xiaojing , Gu Jinhua , Ji Wansheng , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Numerous studies have demonstrated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) play an important role in the occurrence and progression of cancer, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in lncRNA are considered to affect cancer suspensibility. Herein, a meta-analysis was carried out to better assess the relationship of H19 polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility.
Methods: A literature search was conducted through using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases to obtain relevant publications before Aug 23, 2022.The reference lists of the retrieved studies were also investigated to identify additional relevant articles. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to appraise the risk of various cancers.
Results: There appeared to be a remarkable correlation between the rs2107425 variation and decreased cancer risk among Caucasians. Nevertheless, the rs217727 polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Also, we found a significant correlation between the rs2839698 polymorphism and increased cancer risk among Asians, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, hospital-based control and larger simple size subgroups, respectively. Similarly, the rs3741219 mutation was notably related to cancer risk in higher quality score. As for trs3024270 polymorphism, the homozygous model was markedly linked to cancer risk in overall analysis and population-based controls. There was no significant association between the rs3741216 polymorphism and cancer risk.
Conclusion: H19 rs2839698 and rs3024270 were closely associated with overall cancer risk. H19 rs2107425 was related to lower cancer risk among Caucasians, while the rs2839698 was related to increased cancer risk among Asians. Our results supported that H19 SNPs were significantly correlated with cancer risk.
Wildfire effects on aquatic host-parasite interactions
Authors: Svatos Emma Catherine , Falke Landon , Preston Daniel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIncreases in the intensity and frequency of wildfires highlight the need to understand how fire disturbance affects ecological interactions. Though the effects of wildfire on free-living aquatic communities are relatively well-studied, how host-parasite interactions respond to fire disturbance is largely unexplored. Our study investigated the effects of wildfire on trematode parasites and their intermediate snail hosts using a Before-After-Control-Impact design. We surveyed 10 stream sites (5 burned and 5 unburned) in the Willamette River Basin, Oregon and quantified host infection status and trematode community structure one year before and two years after historic wildfires. Despite the severity of the wildfires, snail host populations appeared resilient, without significant shifts in population characteristics. We detected nine taxa of trematode parasites and overall prevalence of infection remained consistent over the three-year study period. However, at the taxon-specific level, we found evidence that infection probability by one trematode decreased and one increased after fire. In a larger dataset focusing on the first year after fire (9 burned, 8 unburned sites), we found evidence for subtle differences in trematode community structure, including higher Shannon diversity and evenness at the burned sites. Taken together, our results suggest that host-parasite interactions were remarkably stable for most taxa; for trematodes that did show responses, changes in abundance or behavior of definitive hosts that input infectious stages to the aquatic environment may underlie observed patterns. These results provide a useful first step in evaluating the broader utility of parasites as bioindicators of ecosystem changes following wildfire disturbance.
Investigation of Intestinal Parasites by Conventional and Molecular Methods in Children with Gastrointestinal System Complaints
Authors: Özkan-Ahmetoğlu Merve , Demirel Filiz , Taşar Medine Ayşin , Dinç Bedia , Sarzhanov Fakhriddin , Doğruman-Al Funda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background and aims:
Intestinal parasitic infections are a global health problem that causes morbidity and mortality, especially in children living in rural areas. In this study, stool samples of pediatric patients with gastrointestinal complaints were examined by conventional and molecular methods to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites.
Methods:
A total of 100 pediatric patients with gastrointestinal complaints and 50 healthy children were included in the study. Stool samples were collected from each child and examined by direct microscopic examination (native-Lugol method), formol-ethyl acetate concentration technique, Kinyoun’s acid-fast staining, and Wheatley trichrome staining methods. Real-time PCR was used for the detection of Blastocystis sp. and D. fragilisin the stool samples. Sanger sequencing was used to identify Blastocystissp. subtypes.
Results:
One or more intestinal parasites were found in 12% (n=100) of the patient group and 1% (n=50) of the control group using conventional techniques. By using real-time PCR, Blastocystis sp. was discovered in 14% (14/100) of the patient group and 4% (4/50) of the control group. There was no significant difference in the frequency of Blastocystis sp. between the two groups. The most prevalent Blastocystissubtype was ST1 and the most frequent allele was a2 among the samples successfully amplified and sequenced. D. fragilis was detected in 17% (17/100) of the patient group and 8% (4/50) of the control group by real-time PCR. The prevalence of D. fragiliswas not significantly different between the patient and control groups, as well.
Conclusions:
Blastocystis sp. and D. fragilis were found in high prevalence in pediatric patients with gastrointestinal complaints in this study. Although the role of these protists as a pathogen in humans is still controversial, it is supposed to the presence of the parasites are associated with gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. More case-control studies are needed to understand the pathogenic or commensal role of these parasites on the intestinal microbiota, especially in both patients with gastrointestinal disorders and healthy individuals.
Prevalence of Acute Kidney Injury in Mexico; a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zaragoza Jose J. , Chavez-Iñiguez Jonathan S. , Rangel Armando Vazquez 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a serious health problem worldwide, that account for high hospital morbidity and mortality. The 0 by 25 initiative from the International Society of Nephrology is designed to reduce avoidable AKI-related death worldwide by 2025 and considers a key point on the research agenda epidemiological data accumulation. There is little available information regarding the characteristics and incidence of AKI in Latin America, especially in Mexico. Methods: We performed a systematic search for articles with both pediatric and adult patients admitted to general ward facility, Emergency Room (ER) or Intensive Care Unit (ICU) published between January 1st, 2000, and December 31st, 2019. MEDLINE LILIACS, EMBASE and SciELO were searched for eligible studies, and we explored for additional reports from supplements, abstracts, and conference proceedings. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis for clinically and methodologically comparable studies to estimate the frequency of AKI and KRT. We calculated pooled estimates stratified by age group, year of publication and setting. Results: 71 full-text articles describing epidemiology of AKI in Mexico were included. Total proportion of AKI was calculated in 35% (95% CI, 28 – 42). Mortality was calculated for AKI adult patients in 31% (95% CI, 24 – 37). An overall KRT rate in AKI patients was reported in 4% (95% CI, 3 – 6), global mortality for AKI requiring KRT was estimated in 52% (95% CI, 45 – 60), with an Ι2 estimated in 81.13% (p<0.01). Conclusion: AKI is a common disease in Mexico and remains a main public health problem that needs to be addressed at every level of care. Data for epidemiological studies in Latin America is scarce, but efforts should be made to reinitiate AKI research and control in Mexico and LA. Trial Registration: The protocol of this review is registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) with ID CRD42022362196, Registered Oct 3rd, 2022; retrospectively registered.
Analysis of the local Heat Transfer of Quenching moving Metal Sheets made of different materials using Flat Spray Nozzles
Authors: Mehdi Bilal , Ryll Stephan , Specht Eckehard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Experimental investigations have been performed for the cooling of hot moving metal sheets of thickness 2 mm and 5 mm with the initial temperature of 500°C to 800°C by two flat spray nozzles. Tap water at room temperature is used as a coolant. Experiments are carried out for nickel, nicrofer, and aluminum alloy AA6082 with varying sheet velocity ( 5,10,15 mm/s) and nozzle inclination angle (45°,65°,90°). The temperature distribution on the backside of the sheet during the cooling is recorded with a high-speed infrared camera. The recorded thermal data are used in the inverse heat conduction analysis to estimate the local heat fluxes and temperatures on the quenched surface. The thermal images obtained are used to analyze the length of the pre-cooling, transition boiling, and nucleate boiling. The maximum heat flux, the DNB temperature, and the rewetting temperature are presented for researched parameters. The nozzle inclination angle has a weak influence. The higher the velocity and the thickness of the sheet are, the higher the maximum heat flux and the shorter the pre-cooling region. The reason is that the position of the max. heat flux is shifted downstream near to impingement region.