bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Schlusswort
Authors: Schlüter Saskia 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Ziele der vorliegenden Arbeit bestanden erstens darin, in den Blick zu nehmen, wie sich das Konzept von alltäglicher Lebenssituation aus handlungstheoretischer Sicht fassen lässt. Zweitens zielte die vorliegende Arbeit darauf ab, zu untersuchen, wie Informationen zur alltäglichen Lebenssituation von Schulkindern mit sprachlichen Beeinträchtigungen erfasst und ausgewertet werden können, um sich auf die Analyseergebnisse als förderliche beziehungsweise hinderliche Bedingungen der alltäglichen Lebenssituation in der pädagogischen Sprachförderung beziehen zu können, sprich: um die Informationen für die Planung pädagogischer Sprachförderung zu verwenden.
Towards the precision measurement of CP violation in B → D*μν decays at LHCb
Authors: Dedu V. , Poluektov A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Measurement of CP-violating observables in semileptonic decays is a sensitive null-test of the Standard Model: any CP violation would be an unambiguous sign of New Physics effects. The model-independent technique to measure parity and CP-odd observables in the B → D∗μν decays is proposed, which effectively cancels out parity-even terms in the decay density together with the associated theory uncertainty. The feasibility study is performed with pseudoexperiments, and the sensitivity at the LHCb experiment is estimated. Finally, the most significant systematic effects and the data-driven ways to control them are considered.
Pseudo and quasi quark PDF in the BFKL approximation
Authors: Chirilli Giovanni Antonio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
I examine the high-energy behavior of the Ioffe-time distribution for the quark bi-local space-like separated operator using the high-energy operator product expansion. These findings have significant implications for lattice calculations, which require extrapolation for large Ioffe-time values. I perform an explicit Fourier transform for both the pseudo-PDF and quasi-PDF, and investigate their behavior within the first two leading twist contributions.I show that the quark pseudo-PDF captures the BFKL resummation (resummation of all twists) and exhibits a rising behavior for small xB values, while the quasi-PDF presents a different behavior. I demonstrate that an appropriate small-xB behavior cannot be achieved solely through DGLAP dynamics, emphasizing the importance of all-twist resummation. This study provides valuable insights into quark non-local operators’ high-energy behavior and the limitations of lattice calculations in this context.
Dependency of stabbing force on blade shape—Development of a measurement device and first results
Authors: Hunold T. , Spieß R. , Wissenbach D. K. , Hubig M. , Mall G. , Muggenthaler H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
In court proceedings, forensic and biomechanical experts frequently have to estimate the stabbing forces necessary for a certain pattern of injury. Studies on this topic are rare.

Objective
Development and calibration of an experimental set-up for quantification of dynamic stabbing kinematics and forces.
Investigation of the influence of different shaped blades on stabbing forces.

Material and methods
We developed and calibrated a handle with an integrated force sensor and an accelerometer. Different blades can be attached to the handle. A total of 27 stabbings were performed by 1 volunteer at medium intensity and preferably reproducible stabbing velocities. We used three blades with different shapes. Gelatine served as tissue simulant. Maximum stabbing velocities were captured via two-dimensional high-speed videography.

Results
The force sensor calibration resulted in a nearly perfect linear regression. Stabbing velocities ranged between 2.7 and 5.0 m/s with stabbing forces between 54.8 and 129.3 N. Stabbing with the blunt blade resulted in significantly higher stabbing forces compared to pointed and serrated blades. A similar trend was observed for serrated versus pointed blades, but without statistical significance. A significant dependency of the stabbing velocity on stabbing force could only be proven for the serrated blade.

Conclusion
Blade shape and stabbing velocity are factors that can influence the resultant stabbing force. Reliable case evaluation needs the consideration of case-specific knives and circumstances.
Numerical investigation of tubeside maldistribution in shell-and-tube heat exchangers
Authors: Schab Richard , Kutschabsky Alexander , Unz Simon , Beckmann Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractShell-and-tube heat exchangers (STHE) are widely used in the process and energy industry. Maldistribution and the often resulting fouling in these STHE cause additional energy consumption and lower production throughput. Increased average wall shear stress, compared to that of the maldistributed case inside the tubes is expected to mitigate fouling. This can be achieved by a uniform distribution into the tubes. Field and laboratory data suggest that common crude oil fouling is profoundly mitigated above 10 Pa and is significantly reduced above a wall shear stress of 15 Pa [1]. Many STHE already have lower design shear stresses than those mentioned. Therefore, if maldistribution takes place, tubes with less flow velocity will have even more fouling. To investigate tubeside flow maldistribution, a parametric STHE model is studied with computational fluid dynamics (CFD). At first, a comparison between the standard k-$$\epsilon$$
ϵ
-model and the new standard SST-model is performed to check if SST could provide improved simulation results. Afterward, a range of geometrical parameters will be investigated to find influencing quantities of maldistribution. The resulting velocity distributions are visualized and evaluated by using different statistical approaches. At least, a sensitivity analysis will be done to show how each parameter influences the tubeside flow distribution in STHE.
Influence of rheological properties and pull-off forces of native and modified starches on cleaning in plane channel flow
Authors: Kricke Sebastian , Berger Christiane , Zahn Susann , Köhler Hannes , Rohm Harald , Majschak Jens-Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConsumer safety and product quality are of high priority in the food industry. Strongly adhering deposits are formed in processing equipment such as plate heat exchangers, which demand large quantities of water, chemicals, energy and time for cleaning. This study presents an approach to characterize soil properties and to link them to the cleaning behavior to generate a basis for soil-specific cleaning. Six starch soils were rheologically analyzed during swelling, pull-off forces were measured with a micromanipulation device, and swelling progression was determined with a camera. Cleaning experiments were conducted in a plane channel setup. A reptation time without cleaning and a subsequent constant cleaning rate defined the cleaning behavior. The observed cleaning mechanisms were considered as well. Multivariate statistics revealed significant interrelationships between soil properties and cleaning behavior. The complex reasons for the overall cleaning behavior remain unknown, but certain aspects could be explained by the measured soil properties.
Lactate formation from fructose or C1 compounds in the acetogen Acetobacterium woodii by metabolic engineering
Authors: Moon Jimyung , Waschinger Lara M. , Müller Volker 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Anaerobic, acetogenic bacteria are promising biocatalysts for a sustainable bioeconomy since they capture and convert carbon dioxide to acetic acid. Hydrogen is an intermediate in acetate formation from organic as well as C1 substrates. Here, we analyzed mutants of the model acetogen Acetobacterium woodii in which either one of the two hydrogenases or both together were genetically deleted. In resting cells of the double mutant, hydrogen formation from fructose was completely abolished and carbon was redirected largely to lactate. The lactate/fructose and lactate/acetate ratios were 1.24 and 2.76, respectively. We then tested for lactate formation from methyl groups (derived from glycine betaine) and carbon monoxide. Indeed, also under these conditions lactate and acetate were formed in equimolar amounts with a lactate/acetate ratio of 1.13. When the electron-bifurcating lactate dehydrogenase/ETF complex was genetically deleted, lactate formation was completely abolished. These experiments demonstrate the capability of A. woodii to produce lactate from fructose but also from promising C1 substrates, methyl groups and carbon monoxide. This adds an important milestone towards generation of a value chain leading from CO2 to value-added compounds.

Key points
• Resting cells of the ΔhydBA/hdcr mutant of Acetobacterium woodii produced lactate from fructose or methyl groups + CO
• Lactate formation from methyl groups + CO was completely abolished after deletion of lctBCD
• Metabolic engineering of a homoacetogen to lactate formation gives a potential for industrial applications
Dynamic contrast-enhanced CT and clinical features of sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: He Guangming , Huang Weiqing , Zhou Zhimei , Wu Hui , Tian Qin , Tan Lilian , Li Xi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) features and clinical characteristics of sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (S-HCC).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the CECT data and clinical findings of 13 patients (11 male and 2 female, with an average age of 58.6 ± 11.2 years) with pathologically proven S-HCC, including 9 patients with surgical resection and 4 patients with biopsy examination. All patients underwent CECT scans. Two radiologists reviewed and evaluated general features, CECT features and extratumoral features of each lesions based on a consensus.

Results
Among the thirteen tumors, a mean size of 66.7 mm was observed, ranging in diameter from 30 to 146 mm. Seven of thirteen patients had hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and an elevation of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level. Most of cases located in the right lobe of liver (84.6%, 11/13). Nine of thirteen tumors showed lobulated or wavy contours and infiltrative morphology, while eight tumors presented with unclear margin. The tumor textures were mainly heterogeneous for ischemia or necrosis, with solid components dominantly in all cases. Eight of thirteen tumors exhibited “slow-in and and slow-out” dynamic enhancement pattern in CECT, with a enhancement peak in the portal venous phase. Portal vein or hepatic thrombus, adjacent organs invasion and lymph node metastasis were observed in two patients, respectively. Four of thirteen lesions occurred intrahepatic metastasis and hepatic surface retraction respectively.

Conclusion
S-HCC gengerally seen in elderly male with HBV infection and elevated AFP level. The CT manifestations including: large diameter, frequently hepatic right lobe involvement, lobular or wavy contours, ill-defined margins, infiltrative morphology, obvious heterogeneity and dynamic enhancement pattern of “slow-in and and slow-out” , contributed to the diagnosis of S-HCC. These tumors usually occurred hepatic surface retraction and intrahepatic metastasis.
Cybersecurity considerations for radiology departments involved with artificial intelligence
Authors: Kelly Brendan S. , Quinn Conor , Belton Niamh , Lawlor Aonghus , Killeen Ronan P. , Burrell James 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Radiology artificial intelligence (AI) projects involve the integration of integrating numerous medical devices, wireless technologies, data warehouses, and social networks. While cybersecurity threats are not new to healthcare, their prevalence has increased with the rise of AI research for applications in radiology, making them one of the major healthcare risks of 2021. Radiologists have extensive experience with the interpretation of medical imaging data but radiologists may not have the required level of awareness or training related to AI-specific cybersecurity concerns. Healthcare providers and device manufacturers can learn from other industry sector industries that have already taken steps to improve their cybersecurity systems. This review aims to introduce cybersecurity concepts as it relates to medical imaging and to provide background information on general and healthcare-specific cybersecurity challenges. We discuss approaches to enhancing the level and effectiveness of security through detection and prevention techniques, as well as ways that technology can improve security while mitigating risks. We first review general cybersecurity concepts and regulatory issues before examining these topics in the context of radiology AI, with a specific focus on data, training, data, training, implementation, and auditability. Finally, we suggest potential risk mitigation strategies. By reading this review, healthcare providers, researchers, and device developers can gain a better understanding of the potential risks associated with radiology AI projects, as well as strategies to improve cybersecurity and reduce potential associated risks.

Clinical Relevance Statement
This review can aid radiologists’ and related professionals’ understanding of the potential cybersecurity risks associated with radiology AI projects, as well as strategies to improve security.

Key Points
• Embarking on a radiology artificial intelligence (AI) project is complex and not without risk especially as cybersecurity threats have certainly become more abundant in the healthcare industry.
• Fortunately healthcare providers and device manufacturers have the advantage of being able to take inspiration from other industry sectors who are leading the way in the field.
• Herein we provide an introduction to cybersecurity as it pertains to radiology, a background to both general and healthcare-specific cybersecurity challenges; we outline general approaches to improving security through both detection and preventative techniques, and instances where technology can increase security while mitigating risks.

Graphical Abstract
A general framework for participatory budgeting with additional constraints
Authors: Rey Simon , Endriss Ulle , de Haan Ronald 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We introduce a new approach for designing rules for participatory budgeting, the problem of deciding on the use of public funds based directly on the views expressed by the citizens concerned. The core idea is to embed instances of the participatory budgeting problem into judgment aggregation, a powerful general-purpose framework for modelling collective decision making. Taking advantage of the possibilities offered by judgment aggregation, we enrich the familiar setting of participatory budgeting with additional constraints, namely dependencies between projects and quotas regarding different types of projects. We analyse the rules obtained in both algorithmic and axiomatic terms.
A new genetic cause of spastic ataxia: the p.Glu415Lys variant in TUBA4A
Authors: Torella Annalaura , Ricca Ivana , Piluso Giulio , Galatolo Daniele , De Michele Giuseppe , Zanobio Mariateresa , Trovato Rosanna , De Michele Giovanna , Zeuli Roberta , Pane Chiara , Cocozza Sirio , Saccà Francesco , Santorelli Filippo M. , Nigro Vincenzo , Filla Alessandro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTubulinopathies encompass neurodevelopmental disorders caused by mutations in genes encoding for different isotypes of α- and β-tubulins, the structural components of microtubules. Less frequently, mutations in tubulins may underlie neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, we report two families, one with 11 affected individuals and the other with a single patient, carrying a novel, likely pathogenic, variant (p. Glu415Lys) in the TUBA4A gene (NM_006000). The phenotype, not previously described, is that of spastic ataxia. Our findings widen the phenotypic and genetic manifestations of TUBA4A variants and add a new type of spastic ataxia to be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis.
Dynamics of multiple pendulum system under a translating and tilting pivot
Authors: Bondada Aditya , Nair Vishnu G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this article, we study the dynamics of multiple pendulum systems under translation and tilt. The main application considered for such systems is inertial sensing for high-precision instrumentation. To emulate the translating multiple pendulum system, we attach the pivot point of the pendulum to a cart that is free to move in the horizontal plane. Similarly, the pivot point of the tilting pendulum system is attached to a platform that rotates, enabling tilting motion for the system. First, we approach the problem from a Lagrangian dynamics perspective for a double-pendulum system under translation and tilt and then extend the solutions to a system ofnpendulums, each hanging one below the other. Then, the natural frequencies of the systems are derived. The behavior of the systems under translation and tilt is studied and compared with that of fixed pivot point multiple pendulum systems, using eigenvalue analysis to understand how the natural frequency fluctuates with changes in degrees of freedom, mass, length and stiffness.
A dynamic ALE formulation for structures under moving loads
Authors: Anantheswar Atul , Wollny Ines , Kaliske Michael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work describes the implementation of a novel dynamic Arbitrary LagrangianEulerian (ALE) formulation for the simulation of pavement structures loaded by rolling tires in a finite element framework. The proposed formulation enables the simulation of dynamic effects like acceleration, deceleration and variation of the wheel load on the pavement. The ALE scheme is described for a hyperelastic St. Venant-Kirchhoff material capable of finite deformations. With the adoption of this dynamic ALE formulation, a significant improvement in terms of speed and efficiency of the simulation is achieved in comparison to a classical transient Lagrangian formulation. This is primarily because only the relevant portion of the mesh around the applied load needs to be discretized and simulated. Another benefit is that a cumbersome moving load formulation does not need to be implemented. The results show satisfactory agreement with a conventional Lagrangian simulation with a moving load.
Bioaccumulation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in green (Ulva sp.) and red (Palmaria palmata) seaweed
Authors: López-Mayán Juan José , Álvarez-Fernández Blanca , Peña-Vázquez Elena , Barciela-Alonso María Carmen , Moreda-Piñeiro Antonio , Maguire Julie , Mackey Mick , Quarato Monica , Pinheiro Ivone , Espiña Begoña , Rodríguez-Lorenzo Laura , Bermejo-Barrera Pilar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA bioaccumulation study in red (Palmaria palmata) and green (Ulva sp.) seaweed has been carried out after exposure to different concentrations of citrate-coated titanium dioxide nanoparticles (5 and 25 nm) for 28 days. The concentration of total titanium and the number and size of accumulated nanoparticles in the seaweeds has been determined throughout the study by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and single particle-ICP-MS (SP-ICP-MS), respectively. Ammonia was used as a reaction gas to minimize the effect of the interferences in the 48Ti determination by ICP-MS. Titanium concentrations measured in Ulva sp. were higher than those found in Palmaria palmata for the same exposure conditions. The maximum concentration of titanium (61.96 ± 15.49 μg g−1) was found in Ulva sp. after 28 days of exposure to 1.0 mg L−1 of 5 nm TiO2NPs. The concentration and sizes of TiO2NPs determined by SP-ICP-MS in alkaline seaweed extracts were similar for both seaweeds exposed to 5 and 25 nm TiO2NPs, which indicates that probably the element is accumulated in Ulva sp. mainly as ionic titanium or nanoparticles smaller than the limit of detection in size (27 nm). The implementation of TiO2NPs in Ulva sp. was confirmed by electron microscopy (TEM/STEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDX).
Graphical abstract
Effect of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on planned and emergency hernia repair in Sweden: a register-based study
Authors: Ali Fathalla , Sandblom Gabriel , Fathalla Blend , Wallin Göran 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The COVID-19 has had a profound impact on the health care delivery in Sweden, including deprioritization of benign surgeries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on emergency and planned hernia repair in Sweden.

Methods
Data on hernia repairs from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrieved from the Swedish Patient Register using procedural codes. Two groups were formed: COVID-19 group (January 2020–December 2021) and control group (January 2016–December 2019). Demographic data on mean age, gender, and type of hernia were collected.

Results
This study showed a weak negative correlation between the number of elective hernia repairs performed each month during the pandemic and the number of emergency repairs carried out during the following 3 months for inguinal hernia repair (p = 0.114) and incisional hernia repair (p = 0.193), whereas there was no correlation for femoral or umbilical hernia repairs.

Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic had a great impact on planned hernia surgeries in Sweden, but our hypothesis that postponing planned repairs would increase the risk of emergency events was not supported.
Precise disciplining of a chip-scale atomic clock using PPP with broadcast ephemerides
Authors: Kunzi F. , Montenbruck O. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOver the last decade, chip-scale atomic clocks (CSACs) have emerged as stable time and frequency references with small size, weight, and power (SWaP). While the short-term stability of these devices clearly outperforms other oscillators with similar power consumption, their stability over longer time intervals is notably limited by frequency noise. Such long-term deviations can effectively be compensated by disciplining the clock with respect to a stable time and frequency reference such as Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or a time scale based on GNSS observations. In view of the limited accuracy of GPS pseudorange observations and broadcast ephemerides, the performance of GNSS-disciplined atomic clocks is commonly limited to the few-nanosecond level. For further improvement, this study combines the use of carrier phase-based precise-point-positioning (PPP) techniques and high-performance broadcast ephemerides to discipline the phase of a CSAC with respect to GNSS broadcast time. Making use of a dual-frequency, dual-constellation GPS/Galileo receiver, a sub-nanosecond time interval error with respect to a national UTC timing laboratory is demonstrated over time intervals from 1 s to several days.