bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study on feeding timing and additive types of broilers in a high-temperature environment
Authors: Son Jiseon , Lee Woo-Do , Kim Hyunsoo , Hong Eui-Chul , Kim Hee-Jin , Yun Yeon-Seo , Kang Hwan-Ku 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Antioxidants such as vitamin C (VC) and green tea extract (GTE) have been reported to have various antioxidant functions and are used as one of the nutritional approaches to alleviate heat stress (HS) in chickens. However, studies on the feeding timing that can produce optimal effects have not been reported. In this study, the stress-relieving effect of VC and GTE addition timing was investigated in high-temperature broiler chickens. A total of 880 1-d-old male chickens were used, and the treatments were as follows: no feed additives provided, CON; VC 250 mg/kg added from 1 d, VC1; GTE 600 mg/kg added from 1 d, GTE1; VC 250 mg/kg added from 22 d, VC22; GTE 600 mg/kg added from 22 d, GTE22. The HS environment was provided for 2 wk from the 22 d and was set at 33 ± 1 °C, 55 ± 10% for 24 h. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. Broiler production was similar in all treatments. In chicken meat quality, the addition of VC and GTE had an effect on meat color and pH (P &lt; 0.05). In particular, GTE had a positive effect on the antioxidant capacity and quality preservation of breast meat (P &lt; 0.05). In blood characteristics, GTE1 significantly lowered the level of total cholesterol, and VC1 affected AST and IgM (P &lt; 0.05). Interestingly, the VC1 group had a positive effect on the maintenance and development of intestinal morphology, a lower rectal temperature, and showed to relieve stress. In conclusion, the addition of VC and GTE has been shown to alleviate the high-temperature stress of broilers, and in the case of VC in particular, feeding from 1 d appeared to alleviate stress more effectively. This study suggests that it is important to determine the appropriate timing of addition of functional substances in order to effectively reduce various stresses that occur in livestock rearing.
Self-supervised feature matched virtual try-on
Authors: Jiang Shiyi , Xu Yang , Li Danyang , Fan Runze 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Virtual try-on is a technology that enables users to preview the effect of wearing a target garment without wearing the actual garment. However, existing image-based virtual try-on methods often require additional human parsing or segmentation operations to generate intermediate representations required for garment deformation and texture fusion. These operations not only increase the computational complexity and memory consumption, but also limit the real-time and portability of virtual try-on. Additionally, inaccurate parsing results can lead to misleading final generated images. To overcome these challenges, we propose a self-supervised feature matched virtual try-on network, which can directly generate high-quality try-on results from human body images and target clothing images without any additional input. Specifically, we design an optical flow warp module, which focuses on the optical flow changes between the person image and the clothing image to achieve accurate clothing alignment and deformation. Furthermore, a feature refine warp module is designed to enhance the features of the extracted optical flow information and the original character segmentation and analysis operations, reducing the influence of background clutter features on the content, and ensuring that the wrinkles and deformation of the replacement clothes are close to the original clothes. The feature match module is developed to calculate the feature matching loss of the converted clothing and the generated results of the teacher network and the student network, and the corresponding knowledge is distilled and passed to the student network to assist in self-supervised training. We conduct experiments on the VITON dataset and show that our model can generate high quality and high resolution, and our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art virtual try-on methods both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Reconstruction of extensive thoracolumbar defect with perforator-based double Keystone Island flap
Authors: Mužar Rhea M , Eljuga Domagoj , Jaman Josip , Vlajčić Zlatko , Žic Rado 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sarcomas represent 1% of malignancies in adult population; thereby dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is found in 1%–2% of all cases. A surgical approach in oncologic treatment is the standard of care; therefore, important is an extensive resection to achieve clear margins and prevent recurrence. Herein we report a case of recurrent dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans in the thoracolumbar region. As the adequate resection was to cause a huge defect, we have made a reconstruction plan for coverage, using a perforator-based double Keystone Island flap (Type III). The method was chosen as a reliant solution with low complication rates and without need for complex flap designs thereby giving good functional and esthetic results. Main aim of the case report was to show that Keystone Island flaps present a simple and technically straightforward method with low complication rates and good results.
The role of transcript regions and amino acid choice in nucleosome positioning
Authors: Yadav Manish , Zuiddam Martijn , Schiessel Helmut 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Eukaryotic DNA is organized and compacted in a string of nucleosomes, DNA-wrapped protein cylinders. The positions of nucleosomes along DNA are not random but show well-known base pair sequence preferences that result from the sequence-dependent elastic and geometric properties of the DNA double helix. Here, we focus on DNA around transcription start sites, which are known to typically attract nucleosomes in multicellular life forms through their high GC content. We aim to understand how these GC signals, as observed in genome-wide averages, are produced and encoded through different genomic regions (mainly 5′ UTRs, coding exons, and introns). Our study uses a bioinformatics approach to decompose the genome-wide GC signal into between-region and within-region signals. We find large differences in GC signal contributions between vertebrates and plants and, remarkably, even between closely related species. Introns contribute most to the GC signal in vertebrates, while in plants the exons dominate. Further, we find signal strengths stronger on DNA than on mRNA, suggesting a biological function of GC signals along the DNA itself, as is the case for nucleosome positioning. Finally, we make the surprising discovery that both the choice of synonymous codons and amino acids contribute to the nucleosome positioning signal.
Alternative splicing impacts microRNA regulation within coding regions
Authors: Hackl Lena Maria , Fenn Amit , Louadi Zakaria , Baumbach Jan , Kacprowski Tim , List Markus , Tsoy Olga 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that bind to target sites in different gene regions and regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. Approximately 95% of human multi-exon genes can be spliced alternatively, which enables the production of functionally diverse transcripts and proteins from a single gene. Through alternative splicing, transcripts might lose the exon with the miRNA target site and become unresponsive to miRNA regulation. To check this hypothesis, we studied the role of miRNA target sites in both coding and non-coding regions using six cancer data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Parkinson’s disease data from PPMI. First, we predicted miRNA target sites on mRNAs from their sequence using TarPmiR. To check whether alternative splicing interferes with this regulation, we trained linear regression models to predict miRNA expression from transcript expression. Using nested models, we compared the predictive power of transcripts with miRNA target sites in the coding regions to that of transcripts without target sites. Models containing transcripts with target sites perform significantly better. We conclude that alternative splicing does interfere with miRNA regulation by skipping exons with miRNA target sites within the coding region.
Radio-pathomic approaches in pediatric neuro-oncology: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Familiar Ariana M , Mahtabfar Aria , Fathi Kazerooni Anahita , Kiani Mahsa , Vossough Arastoo , Viaene Angela , Storm Phillip B , Resnick Adam C , Nabavizadeh Ali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With medical software platforms moving to cloud environments with scalable storage and computing, the translation of predictive artificial intelligence (AI) models to aid in clinical decision-making and facilitate personalized medicine for cancer patients is becoming a reality. Medical imaging, namely radiologic and histologic images, has immense analytical potential in neuro-oncology, and models utilizing integrated radiomic and pathomic data may yield a synergistic effect and provide a new modality for precision medicine. At the same time, the ability to harness multi-modal data is met with challenges in aggregating data across medical departments and institutions, as well as significant complexity in modeling the phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity of pediatric brain tumors. In this paper, we review recent pathomic and integrated pathomic, radiomic, and genomic studies with clinical applications. We discuss current challenges limiting translational research on pediatric brain tumors and outline technical and analytical solutions. Overall, we propose that to empower the potential residing in radio-pathomics, systemic changes in cross-discipline data management and end-to-end software platforms to handle multi-modal data sets are needed, in addition to embracing modern AI-powered approaches. These changes can improve the performance of predictive models, and ultimately the ability to advance brain cancer treatments and patient outcomes through the development of such models.
The essentiality of money in a trading post economy with random matching
Authors: Marchesiani Alessandro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article studies how the structure of centralized markets can affect efficient allocation in anonymous decentralized trades. In line with previous studies, we show that efficiency in decentralized markets can be sustained in a moneyless finite-number-of-agents setting if agents are patient enough and the price is observed with noise. We additionally show that, if there are no gains from trade, then the price associated with an inactive centralized market is zero irrespective of the noise. Thus, the non-essentiality-of-money result is a more robust phenomenon when the centralized market acts only as a coordination device.
No Easy Road to Impredicative Definabilism
Authors: Linnebo Øystein , Roberts Sam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bob Hale has defended a new conception of properties that is broadly Fregean in two key respects. First, like Frege, Hale insists that every property can be defined by an open formula. Second, like Frege, but unlike later definabilists, Hale seeks to justify full impredicative property comprehension. The most innovative part of his defense, we think, is a “definability constraint” that can serve as an implicit definition of the domain of properties. We make this constraint formally precise and prove that it fails to characterize the domain uniquely. Thus, we conclude, there is no easy road to impredicative definabilism.
Reliability and Validity of the Avoidance of Daily Activities Photo Scale for Patients With Shoulder Pain (ADAP Shoulder Scale)
Authors: Ansanello Walter , dos Reis Felipe José Jandre , Tozzo Marcela Camargo , Zatiti Salomão Chade Assan , Meulders Ann , Vlaeyen Johan W S , de Oliveira Anamaria Siriani 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
The Avoidance of Daily Activities Photo Scale for Patients With Shoulder Pain (ADAP Shoulder Scale) was developed to assess pain-related avoidance behavior during daily activities in people with shoulder pain. However, its measurement properties must be verified according to international guidelines. As such, this study investigated the following 4 measurement properties of the ADAP Shoulder Scale: reliability, measurement errors, convergent validity, and floor and ceiling effects.

Methods
The sample comprised 100 individuals with chronic shoulder pain (43 men and 57 women; mean duration of symptoms of 29.7 [SD = 89.0] months; mean age of 44.9 [SD = 15.9] years). The mean test–retest reliability range was 5 days via the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Measurement errors included the standard error of measurement and the minimal detectable change. Convergent validity was analyzed by applying the Pearson correlation with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index.

Results
The ADAP Shoulder Scale showed excellent test–retest reliability, both in all domains and in the total score [ICC(2,1) = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.92–0.96]. The standard errors of measurement for the free-movement, high-effort, and self-care domains were 8.1%, 6.0%, and 7.6%, respectively. The minimal detectable change for the total score of the ADAP Shoulder Scale was 16.0%. The total score of the ADAP Shoulder Scale was low to moderately correlated with the total scores of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (r = 0.52), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (r = 0.30), and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (r = 0.72). No floor or ceiling effects were detected in the total score.

Conclusion
The ADAP Shoulder Scale is a reliable, valid instrument for assessing avoidance behavior in adults who have chronic shoulder pain and are not athletes.

Impact
This study provides evidence that the ADAP Shoulder Scale is appropriate for clinical and practical use in people with chronic shoulder pain.
Disability Prestige and Perceived Disability Disadvantage: Intersubjective Structure of Disability as a Social Disadvantage in the Japanese Metropolitan Area
Authors: Sakakibara Kenjiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper explores disability disadvantage in Japanese society by analyzing the structure of people’s perceptions. Following in part the occupational prestige ranking, a random-sampled postal survey conducted in 2018 in the Southern Kanto District of Japan measured the extent to which respondents thought 33 different bodily conditions were an impediment to aspects of social life (e.g. work, school, and marriage) on a six-point scale. There were 248 valid cases (24.8%) out of the sample of 1,000 persons. Based on the mean scores for each bodily condition, physical and sensory conditions ranked high, psychiatric conditions ranked in the intermediate range, and disfigurements ranked low, as confirmed by multidimensional scaling using Euclidean distance. Alternatively, based on correlations of response patterns as similarity, some clusters of disability types emerged: physical/mental incapacity, mental/physical disorders, and disfigurement. These results indicate the residual social disadvantage for some disability types according to perception in Japan, while suggesting diversity among disabilities both quantitatively and qualitatively. The latter point also implies different corporal meanings attached to different aspects of body function and structure.
Long-term effects of premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy with or without hysterectomy on physical aging and chronic medical conditions
Authors: Mielke Michelle M. , Kapoor Ekta , Geske Jennifer R. , Fields Julie A. , LeBrasseur Nathan K. , Morrow Melissa M. , Winham Stacey J. , Faubion Laura L. , Castillo Anna M. , Hofrenning Ekaterina I. , Bailey Kent R. , Rocca Walter A. , Kantarci Kejal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
We examined the long-term effects of premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy (PBO) with or without concurrent or preceding hysterectomy on physical and cognitive function and on odds of chronic conditions.

Methods
We enrolled 274 women with PBO with or without concurrent or preceding hysterectomy and 240 referents aged 55 years and older who were residents of Olmsted County, MN as of the PBO or index date. Chronic conditions were assessed via medical record abstraction. Cognitive diagnoses were based on neurocognitive testing. A physical function assessment included measures of strength and mobility. Multivariable regression models compared characteristics for women with PBO <46 years, PBO 46–49 years, and referent women with adjustments for age and other confounders.

Results
The clinical visits (median age, 67 years) were a median of 22 years after the PBO or index date. Of 274 women with PBO, 161 (59%) were <46 years at PBO and 113 (41%) were 46–49 years. Compared with referents, women with a history of PBO <46 years had increased odds of arthritis (odds ratio [OR], 1.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–2.55), asthma (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.03–2.93), obstructive sleep apnea (OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.23–3.26), and bone fractures (OR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.17–6.98), and walked a shorter mean distance on a 6-minute walk test (b = −18.43; P = 0.034). Compared with referents, women with a history of PBO at age 46–49 years had increased odds of arthritis (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.16–3.18) and obstructive sleep apnea (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.33–3.66). There were no significant differences in cognitive status in women with PBO compared with referents.

Conclusions
Women with a history of PBO with or without concurrent or preceding hysterectomy, especially at age <46 years, have more chronic conditions in late mid-life compared with referents.
A dilemma of patients: poor quality administration of tertiary care hospitals: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mumtaz Hassan , Hafeez Muhammad H. , Bhatti Ihtisham H. , Sahar Tooba , Khan Zohaib A. , Butt Zeelaf , Akhtar Samaa , Ali Ayaz 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
The study focuses on healthcare delivery standards in Pakistan’s tertiary care hospitals. Poor accountability and a lack of financial and human resources are the main contributing factors to a hospital’s substandard performance and low patient satisfaction rates. Feedback surveillance forms are the Achilles tendon in the quality improvement of a facility, and this practice is, unfortunately, not widely practiced in the hospitals of Pakistan. Through this paper and experience, the authors hope to shed light on the need for regular feedback surveys and implementing their results to improve healthcare quality.

Settings and Design:
A prospective, observational study of seven tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan.

Materials and Methods:
The data was collected using a survey form. Each survey form was filled out by a team comprising three public health professionals who observed the hospital and its functioning without interfering with its workings. The questionnaire was developed with the help of Tools for Assessing the Operationality of District Health Systems: Health Facility Questionnaire designated in the respective facilities. The analysis was then draughted as a qualitative narrative review. Finally, the review was broken down into an assessment of the hospital’s outpatient clinic setting, inpatient department, emergency department and other departments.

Results:
The survey was conducted at seven public sector hospitals in three major cities of Pakistan. The survey focused on administrative and nonmedical parameters of healthcare facilities. Overall, the hospitals of Lahore and Islamabad lacked mass casualty apparatus and cleanliness, and staff behaviour can be improved. The hospitals in Rawalpindi have mass casualty apparatuses in place. However, they need improvement in accessibility services and hygiene and staff attitude.

Conclusions:
The survey showed that all the hospitals had good access and accessibility, and the directions were clearly marked for the visitors. The hospital staff is knowledgeable about the hospital, but their behaviour needs to be improved. Also, the quality of the cleanliness and waiting areas is fair but needs improvements. Finally, regular cheques via regular feedback and quality assessments can improve healthcare delivery.
Comparison of nebulised 3% hypertonic saline with ipratropium bromide in treatment of children with bronchiolitis: a randomized control trial
Authors: Naveed Hina , Munir Shahzad , Rafiq Kokab , Tayyab Asma , Naseer Nauman , Hussain Irshad , Halim Micheal , Mumtaz Hassan 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Several drugs are in use for nebulization in children with acute bronchiolitis and no study has yet been conducted to compare the treatment outcome of nebulized ipratropium bromide and nebulized 3% hypertonic saline in Pakistan.

Objective:
The objective was to compare the treatment outcome of nebulized hypertonic saline and ipratropium bromide in children with acute bronchiolitis.

Setting:
Department of Pediatrics.

Study duration:
October 2019 to March 2020.

Subjects and methods:
A total of one hundred (n=100) children of either sex diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis were enrolled and randomized either to be nebulized with 3% hypertonic saline or ipratropium bromide. Outcomes were assessed in terms of respiratory rate, heart rate, and SpO2 and respiratory distress assessment instrument score at different time intervals, length of hospital stay, and need of admission.

Results:
Respiratory rate and SPO2 improved significantly at 60 min and 24 h, respiratory distress assessment instrument improved significantly at 30 min, 60 min, and 24 h after the treatment in patients who were nebulized with hypertonic saline when compared to those nebulized with ipratropium bromide. The length of hospital stay was significantly shorter (2.63 vs. 3.82 days, P=0.008) and a lesser number of patients needed hospital admission (22% vs. 44%, P=0.019) in patients who were nebulized with hypertonic saline when compared to those nebulized with ipratropium bromide.

Conclusions:
Nebulization with 3% hypertonic saline resulted in significant improvement in symptoms, a shorter duration of hospital stay, and a lesser number of hospital admissions as compared to nebulization with ipratropium bromide in children with acute bronchiolitis.
Hepatitis is still a major health concern in Pakistan: short communication
Authors: Ochani Sidhant , Ochani Khushi , Ochani Amrita , Vohra Laiba Imran , Ochani Simran , Hasibuzzaman Md. Al , Ullah Kaleem 
Published: September 2023

Hepatitis is often called a ‘silent killer’ as most patients remain asymptomatic and hence remain unaware of their illness. They are either diagnosed incidentally or get symptomatic when their illness advances years after getting the infection. In Pakistan, transmission has increased due to ignorance of sterilization techniques, sharing personal items, and unsafe healthcare practices and the burden of liver cancers and transplants has risen three-fold during the past 20 years. Chronic hepatitis often goes undetected, leading to a rise in liver cancers and transplants. Pakistan bears the second-largest burden of hepatitis C globally, with a nationwide prevalence of 4.8%. From 2015 to 2019, there was a 5% increase in hepatitis C-related deaths and an 8% increase in hepatitis B-related deaths. During the last 4 years, out of the 110 million population, only 281 578 individuals were screened for hepatitis B and C, and 1 634 614 individuals were registered at various hepatitis clinics. However, only 278 308 patients were treated. Despite a national vaccination strategy, coverage falls short, and regular screening is neglected. The burden of hepatitis-related morbidity is a considerable challenge for the Pakistani government and healthcare system, being a low-income country with limited health resources and limited access to treatment. Increased awareness, education, and emphasizing preventive measures, such as hepatitis B vaccination, is crucial. Careful supervision of healthcare workers and the promotion of safe practices are essential. Pakistan can learn and implement the Egypt model to combat hepatitis effectively. This article aims to discuss barriers and challenges and provides possible recommendations.