bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous glucose monitoring assessment in patients suffering from anorexia nervosa reveals chronic prolonged mild hypoglycemia all over the nycthemeron
Authors: Germain Natacha , Genteuil Clara Devin , Belleton Gwenaëlle , Da Silva Trecy Lopes , Exbrayat Chloé , Degas Fabien , Hammour Amira , Gay Aurélia , Ravey Baptiste , Massoubre Catherine , Galusca Bogdan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterised by voluntary dietary restriction leading to severe undernutrition. Hypoglycaemia is mostly described through severe case reports and is always evaluated by fasting or post‐meal blood glucose, showing nothing about hypoglycaemia's length or duration. The interest of continuous interstitial glucose monitoring (CGM), largely used in diabetes mellitus, has never been evaluated in AN patients.MethodGlycaemia cycles in AN patients were assessed using CGM over 5 days and then analysed according to food intake.ResultsMean glycaemia was within normal range. 91% of the patients presented with at least one episode with glycaemia under 70 mg/dl. Within the 24 h, the percentage of time spent with a glycaemia under 70 mg/dl was of 20.82 ± 3.90% with a maximum of 52%. We found 2.52 ± 0.33 hypoglycaemia events per 24 h, including 21.11 ± 3.76% at night. CGM parameters correlated with cortisol and IGF1 plasma levels. Comparison with estimated carbohydrate intakes discriminated concordant and non‐concordant estimations depending on patient.ConclusionsAN patients display chronic prolonged mild hypoglycaemia all over the nycthemeron despite normal fasting glycaemia. Associated adaptive increased counter‐regulatory hormones might protect AN patients from deeper hypoglycaemia. CGM allowed testing food intake self‐estimation reliability of AN patients and could be a very useful biofeedback tool.
Review of fire experiments in mass timber compartments: Current understanding, limitations, and research gaps
Authors: Mitchell Harry , Kotsovinos Panagiotis , Richter Franz , Thomson Daniel , Barber David , Rein Guillermo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe use of mass timber in buildings instead of non‐combustible materials has benefits in sustainability, aesthetics, construction times, and costs. However, the uptake of mass timber in modern construction for medium and high‐rise buildings is currently hindered by uncertainty regarding safety and structural performance in fire. We attribute this to a lack of data. Insufficient understanding means that for building designs beyond the current range of experiments the fire performance is unknown. To address this uncertainty, we review the available data in the scientific literature from 63 compartment fire experiments with timber, the majority of which use cross‐laminated timber (CLT). We found that most experiments reached temperatures 80–180°C greater than in non‐combustible compartments. Timber ceilings have on average a 16% lower char rate than timber walls. The heat release rate contribution of timber has a positive linear relationship with charring rate, however is susceptible to significant uncertainty and variability. There are limits to the data available, particularly in large open‐plan compartments of floor areas larger than 100 m2 where a wider range of heating conditions occur. Other topics where further understanding is required are compartments with exposed timber areas greater than 75%, compartments with smaller opening areas, and the hazard of smouldering following the flames. Therefore, additional research is needed to design beyond the limits, specifically in compartment size, ventilation, and timber exposure. This paper identifies correlations in the current body of experimental research to improve fire‐safe design of timber buildings.
Impact of alginate coating combined with free and nanoencapsulated Carum copticum essential oil on rainbow trout burgers
Authors: Hashemi Mohammad , Adibi Shiva , Hojjati Mohammad , Razavi Razie , Noori Seyyed Mohammad Ali 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCarum copticum essential oil (CEO) is known as a valuable active food and pharmaceutical ingredient with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Solid lipid nanoparticles incorporated with CEO can overcome their limitations, namely low physicochemical stability and water solubility. In the current study, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of free and nanoencapsulated CEO were measured. The results revealed that although the nanoparticles of CEO had higher DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to free CEO, the antimicrobial activity of free CEO toward Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes was higher than nanoparticles. Fish burger samples coated with free and nanoencapsulated CEO and stored for 12 days at 4°C. Alginate coating without CEO was considered as a control sample. The mean zeta potential, particle size, and polydispersity index (PDI) of nanoparticles were 19.18 ± 0.9 mV, 286.5 ± 18.2 nm, and 0.32 ± 0.01, respectively. The results revealed that lipid oxidation, microbial growth, and production of total volatile basic nitrogen in fish burger samples coated with alginate enriched with nanoencapsulated CEO were lower than free CEO. The main volatile compounds of CEO were para‐cymene, γ‐terpinene, and thymol, which were responsible for the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of CEO. The data obtained by the current study suggest the application of alginate coating with CEO in form of nanoparticle to enhance fish burgers’ shelf life stored at 4°C.
GC–MS analysis and pharmacological evaluations of Phoenix sylvestris (Roxb.) seeds provide new insights into the management of oxidative stress and hyperglycemia
Authors: Shajib Md. Shafiullah , Islam Shanta , Alam Safaet , Rashid Ridwan Bin , Afroze Mirola , Khan Mala , Datta Bidyut Kanti , Nahar Lutfun , Sarker Satyajit Dey , Rashid Mohammad A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhoenix sylvestris Roxb. (Arecaceae) seeds are used in the treatment of diabetes in the traditional system of medicine. The present study evaluated antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities as well as the total phenolic and flavonoid content of the methanol extract of P. sylvestris seeds (MEPS). The constituents of the extract were identified by GC–MS analysis. MEPS demonstrated strong antioxidant activity against 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (IC50 = 162.70 ± 14.99 μg) and nitric oxide (NO) (IC50 = 101.56 ± 9.46 μg/ml) free radicals. It also possesses a substantial amount of phenolics and flavonoids. It significantly (p < .05) reduced blood glucose levels in glucose‐loaded and alloxan‐induced diabetic mice at the doses of 150 and 300 mg/kg b.w., respectively. A total of 46 compounds were detected and identified by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS) analysis, among which 8‐methylisoquinoline N‐oxide (32.82%) was predominant. The phytochemical study by GC–MS revealed that the MEPS possesses compounds which could be related to its antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. To recapitulate, P. sylvestris seeds can be a very good option for antidiabetic and antioxidant activity though further studies are still recommended to figure out the responsible phytochemicals and establish their exact mechanism of action.
Climatic shifts, geomorphic change, ancient routes of migration and adaption in southwestern China: Site formation processes at Luojiaba, Sichuan Province
Authors: Zhang Junna , Storozum Michael J. , Chen Weidong , Rao Zongyue , Hamilton Rebecca , Zheng Zhexuan , Chen Zhiyao , Yu Xuetong , Xia Zhengkai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractArchaeologists frequently invoke climate change as a driving cause for ancient expansions of human populations, but geomorphic changes can also play an important role in opening or closing routes of migration. In China, archaeological evidence demonstrates that valleys in the Jialing River's watershed were important routes for the movement of Neolithic populations from the catchments of the Yellow River to the Yangtze River. Here, we examine how fluvial geomorphological regime shifts may have also influenced the migration pathways and adaptive strategies of Neolithic people into the Sichuan Basin by using a combination of sedimentological and palynological analysis at Luojiaba, an archaeological site located on one of the eastern tributaries of the Jialing River. The results show that people settled on seasonally stable landforms, including the Zhonghe River floodplain at Luojiaba (5300–4800 cal. B.P.). They carried out fishing and hunting activities on the front edge of the floodplain close to the river channel and built dwelling features on the higher ground at the back edge of the floodplain, which was not affected by seasonal floods. We hypothesize that during the Holocene Climatic Optimum before 5500 cal. B.P., high water levels as well as severe surface erosion caused by a strong East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM) blocked pathways into the upper reaches of the Jialing River watershed. Only after a series of cold, dry climate events driven by a decrease in EASM intensity ca. 5500–5000 cal. B.P. did water levels recede significantly. This allowed alluvial aggradation to occur, which created floodplains and terraces along the valley that may have opened a new route for the migration into the Sichuan Basin. Our results reveal the human–environment dynamics surrounding Luojiaba in the uplands of southwestern China and highlight the impact of coupled climatic‐geomorphic regime shifts on human settlement and subsistence strategies, across both space and time.
Enhanced hyperalignment via spatial prior information
Authors: Andreella Angela , Finos Livio , Lindquist Martin A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFunctional alignment between subjects is an important assumption of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) group‐level analysis. However, it is often violated in practice, even after alignment to a standard anatomical template. Hyperalignment, based on sequential Procrustes orthogonal transformations, has been proposed as a method of aligning shared functional information into a common high‐dimensional space and thereby improving inter‐subject analysis. Though successful, current hyperalignment algorithms have a number of shortcomings, including difficulties interpreting the transformations, a lack of uniqueness of the procedure, and difficulties performing whole‐brain analysis. To resolve these issues, we propose the ProMises (Procrustes von Mises–Fisher) model. We reformulate functional alignment as a statistical model and impose a prior distribution on the orthogonal parameters (the von Mises–Fisher distribution). This allows for the embedding of anatomical information into the estimation procedure by penalizing the contribution of spatially distant voxels when creating the shared functional high‐dimensional space. Importantly, the transformations, aligned images, and related results are all unique. In addition, the proposed method allows for efficient whole‐brain functional alignment. In simulations and application to data from four fMRI studies we find that ProMises improves inter‐subject classification in terms of between‐subject accuracy and interpretability compared to standard hyperalignment algorithms.
Predicting sex, age, general cognition and mental health with machine learning on brain structural connectomes
Authors: Yeung Hon Wah , Stolicyn Aleks , Buchanan Colin R. , Tucker‐Drob Elliot M. , Bastin Mark E. , Luz Saturnino , McIntosh Andrew M. , Whalley Heather C. , Cox Simon R. , Smith Keith 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThere is an increasing expectation that advanced, computationally expensive machine learning (ML) techniques, when applied to large population‐wide neuroimaging datasets, will help to uncover key differences in the human brain in health and disease. We take a comprehensive approach to explore how multiple aspects of brain structural connectivity can predict sex, age, general cognitive function and general psychopathology, testing different ML algorithms from deep learning (DL) model (BrainNetCNN) to classical ML methods. We modelled N = 8183 structural connectomes from UK Biobank using six different structural network weightings obtained from diffusion MRI. Streamline count generally provided the highest prediction accuracies in all prediction tasks. DL did not improve on prediction accuracies from simpler linear models. Further, high correlations between gradient attribution coefficients from DL and model coefficients from linear models suggested the models ranked the importance of features in similar ways, which indirectly suggested the similarity in models' strategies for making predictive decision to some extent. This highlights that model complexity is unlikely to improve detection of associations between structural connectomes and complex phenotypes with the current sample size.
Ultrasound‐guided resection for squamous cell carcinoma of the buccal mucosa: A feasibility study
Authors: Adriaansens Carleen M. E. M. , de Koning Klijs J. , de Bree Remco , Dankbaar Jan Willem , Breimer Gerben E. , van Es Robert J. J. , Noorlag Rob 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundImage‐guided surgery could help obtain clear (≥5.0 mm) resection margins. This feasibility study investigated ultrasound‐guided resection accuracy of buccal mucosa squamous cell carcinoma (BMSCC).MethodsMRI and ultrasound measurements of tumor thickness were compared to histology in 13 BMSCC‐patients. Ultrasound measured margins (at five locations) on the specimen were compared to the corresponding histological margins.ResultsAccuracy of in‐ and ex‐vivo ultrasound (mean deviation from histology: 1.6 mm) for measuring tumor thickness was comparable to MRI (mean deviation from histology: 2.6 mm). The sensitivity to detect <5mm margins using ex‐vivo ultrasound was low (48%). If an ex‐vivo ultrasound cutoff of ≥7.5 mm would be used, the sensitivity would increase to 86%.ConclusionsUltrasound‐guided resection of BMSCC's is feasible. In‐ and ex‐vivo ultrasound measure tumor thickness in BMSCC accurately. We recommend ≥7.5 mm resection margins on ex‐vivo ultrasound to obtain histological clear margins. Additional research is required to establish the effect of 7.5 mm ultrasound cutoff.
Evaluation of an empirical equation to compute the nonlinearity parameter of a root water uptake model
Authors: Kumar Navsal , Poddar Arunava , Shankar Vijay 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe study evaluates an empirical equation to compute the nonlinearity parameter ‘β’ of a root water uptake (RWU) model for a variety of crops. A numerical model for simulating the soil moisture dynamics incorporating the RWU model was used to evaluate the efficacy of the empirical equation. Field experiments on seven crops, namely maize, pea, wheat, sorghum, Indian mustard, guar and potato, were conducted at Hamirpur, India. The soil moisture depletion and moisture status at different depths in the crop root zone predicted by the numerical model reflected satisfactory agreement with the experimentally observed values. The qualitative and quantitative comparative analysis establishes the efficacy of the empirical nonlinearity parameter‐based RWU model in predicting moisture uptake in the root zone for different varieties of crops. The nonlinearity of moisture extraction in the root zone varies for different crops as well as during different growth stages in the same crop.
In vivo exposure to pyriproxyfen causes ovarian oxidative stress and inhibits follicle maturation in zebrafish
Authors: de Oliveira Vanessa Staldoni , Marins Katiuska , Mendes Ana Karla Bittecourt , Zamoner Ariane , Leite Gabriel Adan Araujo , Silva Fátima Regina Mena Barreto 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe analyzed the effects of pyriproxyfen (PPF) on oxidative stress and ovarian morphology in zebrafish. PPF (10−9 M) exposure increased reactive oxygen species generation in ovaries, in association with a decrease in glutathione content. The activities of glutathione S‐transferase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were increased, while γ‐glutamyltransferase activity was not altered by pesticide treatment. The histology of ovarian tissue showed an increase in the number of previtellogenic oocytes I, and a decrease in the rate of vitellogenic oocyte (VIT) count, suggesting inhibition of follicular maturation. An increase in the thickness of the vitelline envelope was observed in VIT, as was a tendency toward an increase in atresia in the ovary of the PPF‐treated group. These findings indicate that the deleterious effect of PPF on ovarian maturation is mediated by a redox imbalance and oxidative damage. So, PPF acts as an endocrine disruptor chemical and may compromise fish reproduction by reducing female fertility.
Bisphenol S induces oxidative stress‐mediated impairment of testosterone synthesis by inhibiting the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Yu‐xiao , Dai Wei , Li Yi‐zhou , Wu Zi‐yao , Kan Ya‐qi , Zeng Huai‐cai , He Qing‐zhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBisphenol S (BPS) is an environmental endocrine disruptor widely used in industrial production. BPS induces oxidative stress and exhibits male reproductive toxicity in mice, but the mechanisms by which BPS impairs steroid hormone synthesis are not fully understood. Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2(Nrf2)/HO‐1 signaling is a key pathway in improving cellular antioxidant defense capacities. Therefore, this study explored the effects of exposure to BPS on testosterone synthesis in adult male mice and its mechanisms with regard to the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were orally exposed to BPS (2, 20, and 200 mg/kg BW) with sesame oil as a vehicle (0.1 ml/10 g BW) per day for 28 consecutive days. The results showed that compared with the control group, serum testosterone levels were substantially reduced in the 20 and 200 mg/kg BPS treatment groups, and testicular testosterone levels were reduced in all BPS treatment groups. These changes were accompanied by a prominent decrease in the expression levels of testosterone synthesis‐related enzymes (STAR, CYP11A1, CYP17A1, HSD3B1, and HSD17B3) in the mouse testis. In addition, BPS induced oxidative stress in the testis by upregulating the messenger RNA and protein levels of Keap1 and downregulating the levels of Nrf2, HO‐1, and downstream antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD1, and Gpx4). In summary, our results indicate that exposure of adult male mice to BPS can inhibit Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling and antioxidant enzyme activity, which induces oxidative stress and thereby may impair testosterone synthesis in testicular tissues, leading to reproductive damage.
Antimelanoma effect of manool in 2D cell cultures and reconstructed human skin models
Authors: Nicolella Heloiza D. , Ribeiro Arthur B. , Munari Carla Carolina , Melo Matheus R. , Ozelin Saulo D. , da Silva Lucas Henrique D. , Marquele‐Oliveira Franciane , Orenha Renato P. , Veneziani Rodrigo Cássio S. , Parreira Renato Luis T. , Tavares Denise Crispim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMelanoma is the most aggressive and lethal type of skin cancer, characterized by therapeutic resistance. In this context, the present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic potential of manool, a diterpene from Salvia officinalis L., in human (A375) and murine (B16F10) melanoma cell lines. The analysis of cytotoxicity using the XTT assay showed the lowest IC50 after 48 h of treatment with the manool, being 17.6 and 18.2 µg/ml for A375 and B16F10, respectively. A selective antiproliferative effect of manool was observed on the A375 cells based on the colony formation assay, showing an IC50 equivalent to 5.6 µg/ml. The manool treatments led to 43.5% inhibition of the A375 cell migration at a concentration of 5.0 µg/ml. However, it did not affect cell migration in the B16F10 cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that the manool interfered in the cell cycle of the A375 cells, blocking the G2/M phase. No changes in the cell cycle were observed in the B16F10 cells. Interestingly, manool did not induce apoptosis in the A375 cells, but apoptosis was observed after treatment of the B16F10 cells. Additionally, manool showed an antimelanoma effect in a reconstructed human skin model. Furthermore, in silico studies, showed that manool is stabilized in the active sites of the tubulin dimer with comparable energy concerning taxol, indicating that both structures can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. Altogether, it is concluded that manool, through the modulation of the cell cycle, presents a selective antiproliferative activity and a potential antimelanoma effect.
Study the association of microRNA polymorphisms (miR‐146a, miR‐4513) with the risk of coronary heart diseases in Egyptian population
Authors: Ali Heba Mohamed , Ellakwa Doha El‐Sayed , Elaraby Nesma Mohamed , Zaher Amr Mohamed , Amr Khalda Sayed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCoronary heart disease (CHD) is the most prevalent cause of cardiovascular mortality in the world. It is well established that microRNAs (miRNAs) and their variants have an essential role in regulating the development of cardiovascular physiology, thus impacting the pathophysiology of heart diseases. This study was designed to determine the possible association of miRNA polymorphisms (miRNA‐146a rs2910164C/G and miR‐4513 rs2168518G/A) with susceptibility to CHD in Egyptian patients and their correlation with different biochemical parameters. The study comprised 300 participants, including 200 unrelated patients with CHD and 100 healthy controls. Anthropometric and blood biochemical parameters were measured as well genetic analysis for rs2910164C/G and rs2168518G/A polymorphisms were performed for all subjects using TaqMan real‐time PCR assay. Our results revealed that the biomedical parameters have a significant correlation between CHD patients and healthy controls with a p < 0.05. Analyses of genotype distribution for (rs2910164 and rs2168518) revealed a significant association with CHD [odd ratio = 4.54, confidence interval (CI 95%) = (2.41–8.53)] and [odd ratio = 0.88, (CI 95%) = (0.83–0.92)], respectively. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference was detected between lipid profile levels and both rs2910164 and rs2168518 polymorphisms. The present study's findings indicated that the selected polymorphisms, miR‐146a rs2910164 and miR‐4513 rs2168518 could represent a useful biomarker for susceptibility to CHD in the Egyptian population. These genetic characteristics and personal habits and environmental factors may contribute to the development of CHD.