bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origin of El-Maghara Anticlines, North Sinai Peninsula, Egypt: Insights from Gravity Data Interpretation Using Edge Detection Filters
Authors: Othman Amal A. , Ibraheem Ismael M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe gravity data of Gebel El-Maghara area and its surrounding region in northern Sinai Peninsula, Egypt have been subjected to high precision edge detection filters in order to evaluate the structural and tectonic settings of the study area. Various traditional and modern edge detection filters were tested on synthetic gravity data and then the most successful filters in detection the boundaries of the causative bodies have been used to accomplish the study's objectives. By examining the power spectrum of the gravity data, three gravity maps were generated using low-pass, band-pass and high-pass filters, respectively, representing deep, intermediate and shallow gravity anomalies. The STDR filter and its total horizontal derivative were applied to these gravity maps to image the causative structural features (faults and contacts) and construct structural maps at these different depths. The findings demonstrate that the major trend of faults and contacts at deep depths predominantly aligns along the WNW–ESE direction, while at shallow depths, the main orientation is observed along the NE–SW direction. It is worth noting that the trend of structures at shallow depths demonstrates a good agreement with the structural trends derived from both surface structural map and Landsat images. This trend disparity supports the hypothesis that the formation of the anticlines in the study area is linked to thin-skinned tectonic processes associated with the Syrian Arc system.
Oxidative Dissolution of Cemented Tungsten Carbides in Molten Sodium Carbonate by Addition of Copper(I) Oxide as Oxidizing Agent for Tungsten Recycling
Authors: Yasuda Kouji , Suzuki Kohei , Uehata Ryotaro , Hagiwara Rika 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDue to the monopolized supply of tungsten resource, it is important to efficiently recycle tungsten scrap for use as a secondary resource. The recycling of tungsten from cemented carbide tools by the molten carbonate method was investigated using simulated hard and soft scrap (carbide tool tips and WC powder, respectively). The oxidative dissolution of tungsten was examined in molten Na2CO3 under Ar–O2–CO2 atmospheres at 1173 K. Based on the immersion potentials of Cu, W, Co, C, and WC–Co, Cu2O was suggested to work as an oxidizing agent for tungsten dissolution. The oxidative dissolution rate for carbide tool tips with 12.8 mol% Cu2O addition reached 57 mg h−1 for the reaction time of 2.5 h, equivalent to 0.32 mm h−1. The decrease in the dissolution rate after 2.5 h was attributed to the decrease in the Cu(I) ion concentration in the melt and the inhibition of ion diffusion by the deposited metallic Cu. No violent reaction leading to explosion was observed, even for the oxidative dissolution of fine WC powder with a large surface area. Thus, this method provides significant safety improvements compared to the molten nitrate method.
Graphical Abstract
Influence of Temporal Variation on Morphology and Architecture in Burrows of Ocypode Rotundata (Miers, 1882) on Salakh Beach of Qeshm Island, the Persian Gulf
Authors: Naderi Mojtaba , Pishehvarzad Fatemeh , Zare Parviz , Lastra Mariano 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVariability over time in morphology and architecture of burrows excavated by Ocypode rotundata was studied on Salakh beach, Qeshm Island, Persian Gulf. According to our results, O. rotundata excavated single Shafts, J-shaped, Y-shaped, spiral and complex burrows, with spiral and complex burrows occurring only in adult crabs. The results showed that mating and reproduction behaviour of O. rotundata mainly occurred in the upper foreshore zone. Based on carapace width data and sex, percentage of J-shaped and Y-shaped burrow were more in female young crabs compared to males. Whilst, percentage of constructed single Shaft, J-shaped burrows were more frequent in male adult crabs compared to females. On the other hand, created complex burrow was observed just in male adult crabs. Also, male crabs created sand pyramid mounds seaward in front of the burrows. Four types of sand disposal behaviour were observed: knocking, throwing, slamming (only males) and stacking (only males). Results indicated that O. rotundata constructed burrows with any shape in all types of sediment, from the backshore to the foreshore. Sand moisture decreased with distance from the sea, which was associated with an increase in burrow depth. Temporal variation had significant impact on burrow slope, so that the entrance branch of all burrow shapes was clearly steeper during the reproduction period in contrast to the same burrows created in the non-reproduction period.
“I Look at Their Rights First”: Strategies Used by Australian Behaviour Support Practitioners’ to Protect and Uphold the Rights of People with Disabilities
Authors: Leif Erin S. , Subban Pearl , Sharma Umesh , Fox Russell 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Positive behaviour support (PBS) is a values-based framework for supporting people with disabilities who display challenging behaviour. In Australia, behaviour support practitioners are now responsible for delivering PBS services to people with disabilities in ways that protect and uphold their human rights. However, no research to date has examined the specific strategies that Australian behaviour support practitioners employ in their professional practice to protect and uphold the rights of the people they serve.

Methods
We used an open-ended online survey to explore strategies that 98 Australian behaviour support practitioners reported using to respect and uphold the rights of the people they support. Their responses were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Results
Six overarching themes were identified following the coding of participant responses to the open-ended questions. These included the following: using a person-centred approach, facilitating frequent two-way communication with the person and their support team, implementing a range of personalised behaviour support strategies, establishing organisational policies and procedures that protect and uphold rights, educating others about rights, and adopting a holistic approach to behaviour support that focuses on improving quality of life outcomes.

Conclusions
Findings underscore the importance of including people with disabilities and their families as partners across all phases of the behaviour support process to ensure positive behaviour support strategies are safe, effective, and acceptable, and the goals and outcomes are meaningful. We use the findings of this study to propose a RIGHTS-based model of PBS that might be used to guide practitioners to deliver services in ways that are consistent with the principles described in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
Remote Technologies and Filial Obligations at a Distance: New Opportunities and Ethical Challenges
Authors: Tian Yi Jiao , Jotterand Fabrice , Wangmo Tenzin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe coupled growth of population aging and international migration warrants attention on the methods and solutions available to adult children living overseas to provide distance caregiving for their aging parents. Despite living apart from their parents, the transnational informal care literature has indicated that first-generation immigrants remain committed to carry out their filial caregiving obligations in extensive and creative ways. With functions to remotely access health information enabled by emergency, wearable, motion, and video sensors, remote monitoring technologies (RMTs) may thus also allow these international migrants to be alerted in sudden changes and remain informed of their parent’s state of health. As technological solutions for caregiving, RMTs could allow independent living for older persons while any unusual deviations from normal health patterns are detected and appropriately supported. With a vignette of a distance care arrangement, we engage with concepts such as filial piety, in-absentia caregiving distress, and the social exchange theory, as well as the upholding of shifting cultural ideals to illustrate the complex dynamic of the satisfaction and quality of the informal caregiving relationship. This paper extends the traditional ethical issues in technology-aided caregiving, such as autonomy, privacy, and justice, to be considered within the context of distance care. We also posit newer ethical considerations such as consent in power imbalances, harm to caregivers, and stigma. These known and new ethical issues aim to encourage further ethically conscious design and use of RMTs to support distance care for older persons.
The Role of Biochar Co-Pyrolyzed with Sawdust and Zeolite on Soil Microbiological and Physicochemical Attributes, Crop Agronomic, and Ecophysiological Performance
Authors: Mustafa Adnan , Holatko Jiri , Hammerschmiedt Tereza , Kucerik Jiri , Kintl Antonin , Baltazar Tivadar , Malicek Ondrej , Brtnicky Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe overuse of synthetic fertilizers has been associated with negative environmental consequences. The use of biochar in this regard has been recommended as a win–win strategy. However, our understanding on the comparative influences of biochar prepared from various feedstocks mixed with other bulking agents on soil health and crop performance remained limited. Therefore, in the present study, three types of biochar produced from sewage sludge, food, and agricultural waste were analyzed and compared for their effects on soil enzymes (dehydrogenase, DHA; β-glucosidase, GLU; phosphatase, PHOS; urease, URE; N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, NAG; and arylsulphatase, ARS), soil basal, as well as substrate-induced respirations and plant growth and physiology characters. The results revealed that food waste-derived biochar co-pyrolyzed with zeolite and/or sawdust was more effective in improving soil physicochemical properties and carbon and phosphorous cycling enzyme (DHA, GLU, and PHOS) activities in addition to soil basal respiration. While the influence of wastewater sewage sludge-derived biochar was more pronounced on urease, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, and arylsulphatase enzymes as well as plant biomass accumulation and physiological attributes. Moreover, agricultural waste-derived biochar was found to be effective in enhancing substrate-induced respirations. This study thus concluded that biochar derived from various feedstocks has the tendency to improve soil health and plant growth attributes which further depend on the type of modification prior to pyrolysis.
Research Trend of Aging Biochar for Agro-environmental Applications: a Bibliometric Data Analysis and Visualization of the Last Decade (2011–2023)
Authors: Rahim Hafeez Ur , Allevato Enrica , Radicetti Emanuele , Carbone Francesco , Stazi Silvia Rita 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe copious amounts of data generated through publications play a pivotal role in advancing Science, Technology, and Policy. Additionally, they provide valuable and detailed information on research topics, emerging thematic trends, and critical issues that demand increased focus and attention. Over the last few decades, biochar has produced an extensive body of high-quality papers and played a crucial part in achieving the long-term Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 agenda of the United Nations about “Climate Change,” “Sustainable Agriculture,” “Environmental Sustainability,” “Zero Hunger,” “Human Wellbeing,” and “Circular Bioeconomy”. However, most of the research is on biochar that has been modified or functionalized using various chemical reagents or catalysts and reported widely in peer-reviewed, high-quality journals. No prior work analyzed the bibliometric data on aging biochar with (a)biotic processes. This study presents an innovative data-driven bibliometric analysis technique and paradigm for extracting the essence of the available peer-reviewed literature data to offer new perspectives on the research opportunities and potential of aged biochar for agro-environmental applications. The bibliometric data analysis indicates that aging biochar research for agro-environmental applications received attention, advanced, and resulted in 165 high-quality publications in reputed journals between 2011 and 2023. However, it is evident that there is still a considerable need for further attention in this area. The identification of the research trends/frontiers shows that biochar production effectively employs various biomass resources, aging with different (a)biotic factors, characterization, effects on global climate change, long-term carbon sequestration in soil, soil nutrient dynamics, restoration of multi-polluted soils and sediments, and plant growth all require continuous attention both now and in the future.
Engineered biochar improves nitrogen use efficiency via stabilizing soil water-stable macroaggregates and enhancing nitrogen transformation
Authors: Khan Zaid , Yang Xu-Jian , Fu Youqiang , Joseph Stephen , Khan Mohammad Nauman , Khan Muhammad Ayoub , Alam Intikhab , Shen Hong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe use of inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizers has increased drastically to meet the food requirements of the world's growing population. However, the excessive use of chemical nitrogen fertilizer has caused a series of soil and environmental problems, such as soil hardening, lower nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), nitrate pollution of water sources, nitrous oxide emissions, etc. In this review, we aimed to elaborate and discuss the role of engineered biochar in inducing the stability of water-stable macroaggregates, improving inorganic N transformation, and utilization efficiency to address the current uncertainties of nitrogen loss and maintaining soil and water quality. Firstly, we elucidated the characteristics of engineered biochar in improving biochar quality to work as a multifunctional player in the ecosystem and promote resource utilization, soil conservation, and ecosystem preservation. Secondly, we discussed how the engineered biochar modulates the stability of water-stable macroaggregates and soil inorganic nitrogen transformation to enhance plant response under various toxic or deficient nitrogen conditions in the soil. Thirdly, the role of engineered biochar in biological nitrogen fixation, mediating nirK, nirS, and nosZ genes to promote the conversion of N2O to N2, and decreasing denitrification and N2O emission was reviewed. Altogether, we suggest that engineered biochar amendment to soil can regulate soil water-stable macroaggregates, reduce N input, improve nitrogen metabolism, and finally, NUE and crop growth. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to evaluate the combined interactions of "engineered biochar × soil × NUE × crop growth,” providing advantages over the increasing N and water utilization and crop productivity separately with the aim of enhancing the stability of water-stable macroaggregates and NUE together on a sustainable basis.
Graphical abstract
Delaminated and Pit-rich Nano-kaolinites obtained via an Intercalation-etching Method and their Application to Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Qu Hongxiao , Liu Tong , Hu Ruijue , Qu Hao , Zhang Yichi , Yang Hui , Su Haiquan , Su Yue 
Published: September 2023

AbstractModified kaolinites possess excellent adsorption properties and, therefore, are regarded widely as potential catalytic components. The use of modified kaolinites as a catalytic component for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) has remained unexplored, however. In the current study, delaminated and pit-rich nano-kaolinite was prepared via acid treatment of N-methylformamide (NMF)-intercalated kaolinite (intercalation-etching strategy), and was used as a support to prepare a cobalt-based FTS catalyst (denoted as 15%-Co-HNKln). Compared with other FTS catalysts, the supports for which were raw kaolinite or directly acid-treated kaolinite, the 15%-Co-HNKln showed several advantages such as large specific surface area, dispersed Co particles with small particle size, more new active sites, and significant surface acidity. Given the aforementioned advantages, the 15%-Co-HNKln catalyst demonstrated very good FTS performance. Compared with that of the raw kaolinite-supported FTS catalyst, the CO conversion rate and C5–C12 hydrocarbon selectivity of 15%-Co-HNKln increased by 20% and 15%, respectively.
Big business as vanguard: social welfare expansion in China
Authors: Chen Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhy would an emerging market economy without Western democratic institutions provide and promote social welfare to its citizens? This paper explores the driving forces behind the rapid yet unequal expansion of social welfare in China, a phenomenon notable since the late 1990s. Rather than adhering to the conventional state-centered approach that views welfare expansion as a strategy for one-party regimes to seek legitimacy, this study offers an alternate perspective that emphasizes the ‘demand’ side, particularly the role of business. Through a systematic analysis of all 336 Chinese municipalities from 2001 to 2012, the study demonstrates how big businesses act as ‘vanguard,’ pushing local governments to enhance social welfare provision. It suggests that big businesses, in the absence of institutionalized democratic institutions, serve as ‘functional equivalents,’ channeling societal demands to the government. This paper also finds that firms’ influence on social policy in non-democracies is more capability based instead of institutional based; large domestic and multinational corporations are more capable in lobbying the government.
The effect of a prospective intervention program with automated monitoring of hand hygiene performance in long-term and acute-care units at a Veterans Affairs medical center
Authors: Starrett W. Grant , Arbogast James W. , Parker Albert E. , Wagner Pamela T. , Mahrer Susan E. , Christian Vanessa , Lane Barbara L. , Cheek V. Lorraine , Robbins Gregory A. , Boyce John M. , Polenakovik Hari 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjective:To measure the impact of an automated hand hygiene monitoring system (AHHMS) and an intervention program of complementary strategies on hand hygiene (HH) performance in both acute-care and long-term care (LTC) units.Design:Prospective, nonrandomized, before-and-after intervention study.Setting:Single Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC), with 2 acute-care units and 6 LTC units.Methods:An AHHMS that provides group HH performance rates was implemented on 8 units at a VAMC from March 2021 through April 2022. After a 4-week baseline period and 2.5-week washout period, the 52-week intervention period included multiple evidence-based components designed to improve HH compliance. Unit HH performance rates were expressed as the number of dispenses (events) divided by the number of patient room entries and exits (opportunities) × 100. Statistical analysis was performed with a Poisson general additive mixed model.Results:During the 4-week baseline period, the median HH performance rate was 18.6 (95% CI, 16.5–21.0) for all 8 units. During the intervention period, the median HH rate increased to 21.6 (95% CI, 19.1–24.4; P < .0001), and during the last 4 weeks of the intervention period (exactly 1 year after baseline), the 8 units exhibited a median HH rate of 25.1 (95% CI, 22.2–28.4; P < .0001). The median HH rate increased from 17.5 to 20.0 (P < .0001) in LTC units and from 22.9 to 27.2 (P < .0001) in acute-care units.Conclusions:The intervention was associated with increased HH performance rates for all units. The performance of acute-care units was consistently higher than LTC units, which have more visitors and more mobile veterans.
Delivering Culturally-Appropriate, Technology-Enabled Health Care in Indigenous Communities
Authors: Sajtos Laszlo , Martini Nataly , Scahill Shane , Edwards Hemi , Biasiny-Tule Potaua , Te Rangi Hiria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIndigenous health is becoming a top priority globally. The aim is to ensure equal health opportunities, with a focus on Indigenous populations who have faced historical disparities. Effective health interventions in Indigenous communities must incorporate Indigenous knowledge, beliefs, and worldviews to be culturally appropriate.
Improving Labor Outcomes among People with Mild or Moderate Mental Illness through Law and Policy Reform
Authors: Barsky Benjamin A. , Frank Richard G. , Glied Sherry A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMild and moderate mental illnesses can hinder labor force participation, lead to work interruptions, and hamper earning potential. Targeted interventions have proven effective at addressing these problems. But their potential depends on labor protections that enable people to take advantage of these interventions while keeping jobs and income.
Malleable Morality: Re-Shaping Moral Judgments in Health Policymaking
Authors: Simana Shelly 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhen confronted with moral dilemmas related to health, governments frequently turn to “moral experts,” such as bioethicists and moral philosophers, for guidance and advice. They commonly assume that these experts’ moral judgments are primarily a product of deliberate reasoning. The article challenges this assumption, arguing that experts’ moral judgments may instead be primarily a product of moral intuitions which, often subconsciously, respond to the social setting.
Identifying entrepreneurial opportunities in the circular economy
Authors: Diacono Steven , Baldacchino Leonie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe circular economy (CE) has gained increasing attention as a means towards sustainable development. Entrepreneurs and small and medium enterprises are regarded as key custodians in the transition to a CE. Opportunity identification is the cornerstone of entrepreneurship and has been extensively studied in traditional venturing; however, research on circular opportunity identification is limited. This paper addresses this gap by exploring (1) how entrepreneurs identify opportunities in the CE, underpinned by an adaptation of a sustainable opportunity identification conceptual model and (2) how CE principles are reflected in the identified opportunities, through the lens of the ReSOLVE CE framework. Nine in-depth interviews were conducted with circular entrepreneurs from three European Union member states with high, medium, and low Resource Efficiency Scoreboard rankings. The findings shed light into the black box of circular opportunity identification and indicate that the ReSOLVE levers constitute a useful framework to advance knowledge on circular entrepreneurship.
Risks and destruction of coastal archaeological sites in Algeria – the case of the coast of El Hamdania
Authors: Khellaf Rafik , Bourai Donia , Bensalah Nazim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Algerian coast is rich in cultural heritage. Many major historical cities and archaeological remains are scattered along its coastline. This cultural heritage is increasingly threatened by the rapid urbanisation that Algeria has experienced in recent years. In 2018 the area of El Hamdania (Cherchell region) was selected as the site of a new commercial mega port. This large construction project will affect a number of archaeological sites located in this region. This paper aims to highlight the archaeological importance of the El Hamdania region and assesses the risks of such a construction to the heritage of the region. The archaeological evidence discussed is based on survey work carried out by members of the Laboratoire d’Études Historiques et Archéologiques (LEHA), an institution that carries out research projects on coastal and maritime archaeology in Algeria.