bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mass cytometric analysis of the immune cell landscape after traumatic brain injury elucidates the role of complement and complement receptors in neurologic outcomes
Authors: Toutonji Amer , Krieg Carsten , Borucki Davis M. , Mandava Mamatha , Guglietta Silvia , Tomlinson Stephen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFollowing traumatic brain injury (TBI), a neuroinflammatory response can persist for years and contribute to the development of chronic neurological manifestations. Complement plays a central role in post-TBI neuroinflammation, and C3 opsonins and the anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a) have been implicated in promoting secondary injury. We used single cell mass cytometry to characterize the immune cell landscape of the brain at different time points after TBI. To specifically investigate how complement shapes the post-TBI immune cell landscape, we analyzed TBI brains in the context of CR2-Crry treatment, an inhibitor of C3 activation. We analyzed 13 immune cell types, including peripheral and brain resident cells, and assessed expression of various receptors. TBI modulated the expression of phagocytic and complement receptors on both brain resident and infiltrating peripheral immune cells, and distinct functional clusters were identified within same cell populations that emerge at different phases after TBI. In particular, a CD11c+ (CR4) microglia subpopulation continued to expand over 28 days after injury, and was the only receptor to show continuous increase over time. Complement inhibition affected the abundance of brain resident immune cells in the injured hemisphere and impacted the expression of functional receptors on infiltrating cells. A role for C5a has also been indicated in models of brain injury, and we found significant upregulation of C5aR1 on many immune cell types after TBI. However, we demonstrated experimentally that while C5aR1 is involved in the infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the brain after injury, it does not alone affect histological or behavioral outcomes. However, CR2-Crry improved post-TBI outcomes and reduced resident immune cell populations, as well as complement and phagocytic receptor expression, indicating that its neuroprotective effects are mediated upstream of C5a generation, likely via modulating C3 opsonization and complement receptor expression.
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion: a critical feature in unravelling the etiology of vascular cognitive impairment
Authors: Rajeev Vismitha , Chai Yuek Ling , Poh Luting , Selvaraji Sharmelee , Fann David Y. , Jo Dong-Gyu , De Silva T. Michael , Drummond Grant R. , Sobey Christopher G. , Arumugam Thiruma V. , Chen Christopher P. , Lai Mitchell K. P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVascular cognitive impairment (VCI) describes a wide spectrum of cognitive deficits related to cerebrovascular diseases. Although the loss of blood flow to cortical regions critically involved in cognitive processes must feature as the main driver of VCI, the underlying mechanisms and interactions with related disease processes remain to be fully elucidated. Recent clinical studies of cerebral blood flow measurements have supported the role of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) as a major driver of the vascular pathology and clinical manifestations of VCI. Here we review the pathophysiological mechanisms as well as neuropathological changes of CCH. Potential interventional strategies for VCI are also reviewed. A deeper understanding of how CCH can lead to accumulation of VCI-associated pathology could potentially pave the way for early detection and development of disease-modifying therapies, thus allowing preventive interventions instead of symptomatic treatments.
High precision measurement of trace F and Cl in olivine by electron probe microanalysis
Authors: Zhang Di , Chen Yi , Su Bin , Qi Chao , Mao Qian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFluorine (F) and chlorine (Cl) are important volatiles in olivine and its high-pressure polymorphs, which would significantly affect olivine phase transition, melting temperature, and physical property of the mantle. F and Cl concentrations in olivine can be detected by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). However, the analytical accuracy and precision can be impeded by severe peak overlaps, low peak intensities of traditional analytical crystals, and secondary fluorescence effects. In this study, we constructed an optimized analytical method with high accuracy and precision to analyze trace F and Cl in olivine. Key parameters of analytical crystals, beam conditions, peak overlaps, and secondary fluorescence effects were discussed. Variations in the levels of the analyzed trace elements fall within ± 10%. The detection limits (3σ) for F and Cl are lowered to 30 ppm and 5 ppm, respectively. This method can provide precise F and Cl analysis for natural olivine samples and help to provide significant information on its formation process.
Long-term survival by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy in a patient with perforated extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma of the small intestine: a retrospective case study
Authors: Funaki Hiroshi , Nojima Naomi , Takikawa Yutaka , Komori Kazutoshi , Hasegawa Hajime , Sakai Tomoyuki , Yamada Sohsuke , Masaki Yasufumi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL) of the small intestine, is a disease with extremely poor prognosis. We describe treatment in a case which is novel in that it demonstrated long-term survival.

Case presentation
A 68-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department of our hospital with the complaint of severe umbilical pain with tenderness and muscular defense. An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed a thick-wall mass on the small intestine and intra-abdominal free air. He was suspected of perforation of a small intestinal tumor and underwent emergency surgery. The surgery revealed a perforated tumor ulcer, and ENKL was diagnosed from the postoperative pathological findings. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful. He was further treated with adjuvant chemotherapy by hematologist comprising six courses of dexamethasone, etoposide, ifosfamide, and carboplatin. The patient demonstrated long-term survival and was in remission at the time of writing, four years and five months after surgery.

Conclusions
We report a rare case of long-term survival of perforated ENKL of the small intestine achieved by surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy with dexamethasone, etoposide, ifosfamide, and carboplatin. It is essential to consult with a hematologist to determine the most appropriate chemotherapy such as DeVIC if one encounters rare postoperative pathological findings of ENKL. To elucidate the pathophysiology of this disease and to prolong survival of affected patients, accumulation of cases of long-term survival and examination of associated characteristics is necessary.
Evaluation of total intravenous anesthesia with remimazolam in general anesthesia for pulmonary endarterectomy of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a case report
Authors: Igarashi Sae , Ishida Yusuke , Sekiguchi Shunya , Fujita Yosuke , Kawachi Aya , Tomino Mikiko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) is a treatment modality for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). PEA requires anesthesia management to prevent an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and circulatory failure. Therefore, it is necessary to select an anesthetic agent that can achieve these goals as much as possible. On the other hand, remimazolam, a short-acting sedative, was launched in Japan in 2020, and its use in various cases has been increasingly reported. This report demonstrates that remimazolam can be used safely in the anesthetic management of PEA.

Case presentation
A 57-year-old man was scheduled to undergo PEA for CTEPH. Remimazolam was used for sedation from induction of anesthesia. Hemodynamics were stable during surgery without circulatory failure. Anesthesia was managed intraoperatively without any particular increase in PVR.

Discussion
Anesthesia was successfully managed without any complications. This case suggests that remimazolam is one of the options for anesthetic management in PEA.
Parenting in context: parents’ experiences of caring for a child with autism in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Jasim , Ashrafun Laila 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough research on children with autism, their parents, and family-provider relations has substantially increased around the world, there has been a paucity of qualitative studies conducted on autism in developing countries or cross-cultural contexts. This qualitative study aims to explore parents’ experiences of raising a child with autism, as well as how autism is framed in everyday cultural contexts in Bangladesh. Using a semi-structured interview schedule, the study conducted interviews with four fathers and eighteen mothers of children with autism. The findings of this study reveal that parents who care for a child with autism experience emotions of sadness, frustration, and isolation. Despite the immense challenges that come with raising a child with autism, many parents report that their stress and anxiety are compounded by the stigma, avoidance, and disparaging remarks they receive from their own family members and neighbors. The findings of this study may help researchers and healthcare professionals understand better as to how local cultural beliefs, experiences, and understandings influence, how parents and families care for and view the development of their children with autism, and how they look for support and treatment services.
Strategies for calculating contrast media dose for chest CT
Authors: Henning Mette Karen , Gunn Catherine , Arenas-Jiménez Juan , Johansen Safora 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Total body weight (TBW) is a frequently used contrast media (CM) strategy for dose calculation in enhanced CT, yet it is suboptimal as it lacks consideration of patient characteristics, such as body fat percentage (BFP) and muscle mass. Alternative CM dosage strategies are suggested by the literature. Our objectives were to analyze the CM dose impact when adjusting to body composition using methods of obtaining lean body mass (LBM) and body surface area (BSA) along with its correlation with demographic factors in contrast enhanced chest CT examinations.

Methods
Eighty-nine adult patients referred for CM thoracic CT were retrospectively included, categorized as either normal, muscular, or overweight. Patient body composition data was used to calculate the CM dose according to LBM or BSA. LBM was calculated with the James method, Boer method, and bioelectric impedance (BIA). BSA was calculated using the Mostellar formula. We then correlated the corresponding CM doses with demographic factors.

Results
BIA demonstrated the highest and lowest calculated CM dose in muscular and overweight groups respectively, compared to other strategies. For the normal group, the lowest calculated CM dose was achieved using TBW. The calculated CM dose was more closely correlated with BFP using the BIA method.

Conclusions
The BIA method is more adaptive to variations in patient body habitus especially in muscular and overweight patients and is most closely correlated to patient demographics. This study could support utilizing the BIA method for calculating LBM for a body-tailored CM dose protocol for enhanced chest CT examinations.

Relevance statement
The BIA-based method is adaptive to variations in body habitus especially in muscular and overweight patients and is closely correlated to patient demographics for contrast-enhanced chest CT.

Key points
• Calculations based on BIA showed the largest variation in CM dose.
• Lean body weight using BIA demonstrated the strongest correlation to patient demographics.
• Lean body weight BIA protocol may be considered for CM dosing in chest CT.

Graphical Abstract
Thoracic endoscopic surgery: advantages and limitations
Authors: Nagy Mohamed Ragab 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Thoracoscopic spine surgery is a form of minimally invasive spine surgery primarily used to treat thoracic spinal disk herniation and stenosis via endoscopic discectomy and decompression techniques, respectively. In contrast to the lengthy recovery time and related risks of an open approach, this minimally invasive technique primarily attempts to limit tissue trauma while maintaining therapeutic efficacy. Thoracoscopies and video-assisted thoracoscopy surgery were first developed in the early 1990s. Larger surgical instruments and improved access to foraminal pathologies were made possible because of Kambin's triangle. This triangle zone is formed by the exiting root anteriorly, the traversing root medially, and the superior end plate of the lower lumbar vertebra inferiorly. With the development of high-quality video imaging, small endoscopes, and modified new instruments, video-assisted thoracic surgery has become the minimally invasive technique of choice for most thoracic and transthoracic surgeries. Spinal biopsy procedures, discectomy, decompressive corpectomy, interbody fusions, internal fixations, and debridement are now among the indications for thoracoscopic spine surgery. This review will focus on assessing the advantages and limitations of thoracoscopic spine surgery.

Conclusions
Thoracoscopic spine surgery with a minimally invasive approach is a safe and successful alternative to traditional open thoracic spine surgery. It significantly reduces the morbidity associated with open thoracic procedures while maintaining the surgical procedure's safety and efficacy. The indications and applications of thoracoscopic spine surgery will continue to grow as surgeons gain more experience with the procedure and new endoscopic instruments are developed.
Langya virus outbreak: current challenges and lesson learned from previous henipavirus outbreaks in China, Australia, and Southeast Asia
Authors: Adesola Ridwan Olamilekan , Miranda Adriana Viola , Tran Yeuk Shun Joshua , Idris Ibrahim , Lin Xu , Kouwenhoven M. B. N. , Lucero-Prisno Don Eliseo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
A new novel virus, Langya virus (LayV), was detected in China in August 2022, 3 years after the COVID-19 pandemic. LayV is similar to the previously discovered Mojiang henipavirus. Other zoonotic henipaviruses include the Hendra and Nipah viruses. The emergence of the zoonotic Langya virus is attributed to climate change and wildlife encroachment, as LayV is detected in shrews. Those who are infected in China showed various symptoms, but no deaths have been recorded yet. This review aims to shed light on the current state of Langya virus outbreak, its infection control efforts, and the remaining challenges that need to be addressed to curb the outbreak.

Methods
We utilized online publication databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus in writing this review article.

Results
A surveillance study on thirty-five febrile patients in Eastern China identified the Langya virus outbreak. The current efforts from the Chinese government and health authorities to reduce the transmission and spread of Langya virus such as isolation and characterization of LayV, challenges associated with the increase in cases of LayV, and trackable recommendations such as strengthening the healthcare system in China, sensitization of people about risks associated with Langya virus outbreaks, creating an intensive surveillance system network, etc. were discussed.

Conclusion
It is germane and pertinent that the Chinese government and health authorities continue to intensify efforts against Langya virus and address the challenges to effectively reduce transmission.
Microbiota members from body sites of dairy cows are largely shared within individual hosts throughout lactation but sharing is limited in the herd
Authors: Mariadassou Mahendra , Nouvel Laurent X. , Constant Fabienne , Morgavi Diego P. , Rault Lucie , Barbey Sarah , Helloin Emmanuelle , Rué Olivier , Schbath Sophie , Launay Frederic , Sandra Olivier , Lefebvre Rachel , Le Loir Yves , Germon Pierre , Citti Christine , Even Sergine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Host-associated microbes are major determinants of the host phenotypes. In the present study, we used dairy cows with different scores of susceptibility to mastitis with the aim to explore the relationships between microbiota composition and different factors in various body sites throughout lactation as well as the intra- and inter-animal microbial sharing.

Results
Microbiotas from the mouth, nose, vagina and milk of 45 lactating dairy cows were characterized by metataxonomics at four time points during the first lactation, from 1-week pre-partum to 7 months post-partum. Each site harbored a specific community that changed with time, likely reflecting physiological changes in the transition period and changes in diet and housing. Importantly, we found a significant number of microbes shared among different anatomical sites within each animal. This was between nearby anatomic sites, with up to 32% of the total number of Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) of the oral microbiota shared with the nasal microbiota but also between distant ones (e.g. milk with nasal and vaginal microbiotas). In contrast, the share of microbes between animals was limited (< 7% of ASVs shared by more than 50% of the herd for a given site and time point). The latter widely shared ASVs were mainly found in the oral and nasal microbiotas. These results thus indicate that despite a common environment and diet, each animal hosted a specific set of bacteria, supporting a tight interplay between each animal and its microbiota. The score of susceptibility to mastitis was slightly but significantly related to the microbiota associated to milk suggesting a link between host genetics and microbiota.

Conclusions
This work highlights an important sharing of microbes between relevant microbiotas involved in health and production at the animal level, whereas the presence of common microbes was limited between animals of the herd. This suggests a host regulation of body-associated microbiotas that seems to be differently expressed depending on the body site, as suggested by changes in the milk microbiota that were associated to genotypes of susceptibility to mastitis.
The traditional Greek cheese Tsalafouti: history, technology, nutrition and gastronomy
Authors: Malissiova Eleni , Meleti Ermioni , Samara Antonia , Alexandraki Maria , Manouras Athanasios 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTsalafouti is an ‘’unknown’’ Greek traditional cheese with great potential for getting Protected Designation of Origin accreditation and leading entrepreneurship in the area of origin. This study aimed to collect and comprehensively analyse valuable data on the history, technology, nutrition and gastronomy of Tsalafouti. A study survey was designed and 8 out of 13 Tsalafouti producers in Greece participated, providing data on Tsalafouti’s technology, quality, nutrition and history. It was revealed that there currently are some variations in Tsalafouti’s production, while the end product is of special nutritional (low in fat) and gastronomic attributes. In any case, it is apparent that food heritage and specifically dairy products heritage can possibly act as a tool for entrepreneurship, given that the special attributes that Tsalafouti may hold will be highlighted and further evidenced.
Graphical Abstract
Efficacy and safety of transcarotid compared to transfemoral approach of patent ductus arteriosus stenting in duct-dependent cyanotic heart disease
Authors: Dewangga Made Satria Yudha , Prakoso Radityo , Rahajoe Anna Ulfah , Lilyasari Oktavia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Minimally invasive transcatheter approaches were usually done for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with duct-dependent pulmonary circulation. There are two ways to establish vascular access, by using transfemoral either femoral vein (FV) or femoral artery (FA) and transcarotid artery (CA) with surgical cutdown approach to access the PDA and then provide good support for the balloon and the stent to be safely deployed. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of transcarotid with surgical cutdown compared to the transfemoral approach of patent ductus arteriosus stenting in duct-dependent cyanotic heart disease.

Results
Overall procedural complication rates were higher in the FA/FV approach than in the CA approach (51% vs. 30%). The incidence of acute limb ischemia in the FA approach is significantly higher than in the CA approach (P < 0.05). No acute thrombosis/occlusion of the carotid artery was assessed by carotid vascular ultrasound in 2-day series.

Conclusions
The transcarotid approach with surgical cutdown may offer a secure and more efficient means of accessing the PDA, particularly for those emerging from the underside of the aortic arch.
Improving retention and HIV viral load suppression among adolescents living with HIV in TASO Soroti and TASO Mbale centers of excellence using Operation Triple Zero model: a before and after study protocol
Authors: Oryokot Bonniface , Kazibwe Andrew , Kagimu David , Oluka Abraham Ignatius , Kato Darlius , Miya Yunus , Etukoit Michael Bernard , Namusoke-Magongo Eleanor 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Retention in care and HIV viral load suppression remains sub-optimal among HIV positive adolescents in many settings including TASO Uganda, despite the implementation of interventions such as regimen optimization and community-based approaches like multi-month drug dispensing. To this end, the implementation of additional intervention is urgently required to address gaps in current programming which include inadequate centralization of the HIV positive adolescents and their caregivers in the designs. This study, thus, proposes to adapt and implement the Operation Triple Zero (OTZ) model in TASO Soroti and Mbale centers to improve both retention and viral load suppression among the adolescents living with HIV.

Methodology
A before and after study design is preferred, employing both qualitative and quantitative approaches. To identify barriers and facilitators to retention and HIV viral load suppression among the HIV positive adolescents, secondary data, focused group discussions, and key informant interviews will be used to understand perspectives of the adolescents, their caregivers, and the health-workers. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) will help in designing the intervention, while Knowledge to Action (K2A) will support the adaptation process. To test the intervention, Reach, Effectiveness, Adaption, Implementation and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework will be used. A paired t-test will be used to compare means of retention and viral load suppression in the before and after study periods.

Discussion
This study aims at adapting and implementing the OTZ model in TASO Soroti and Mbale Centers of Excellence (COEs) to attain optimal retention and HIV viral load suppression rates among the HIV positive adolescents in care. Uganda is yet to adapt the touted OTZ model and findings from this study will be important in providing the necessary lessons to inform a policy shift for potential scale up of the model. Furthermore, results of this study could provide additional evidence for the effectiveness of OTZ in attaining optimal HIV treatment outcomes among the adolescents living with HIV.