bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Particle Distribution for Asphalt Mixtures in Screw Conveyer of Paver Based on Discrete Element Method and Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Li Yan , Ye Min , Zhang Yi , Sun Yiding , Hao Changfeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo improve the uniformity of asphalt mixtures, optimizing the particle distribution is essential, and the screw conveyor of paver plays a critical role in this process. In this regard, a parameter optimization strategy based on the discrete element method and response surface methodology (RSM) is proposed. First, a discrete element model is developed for spiral material separation and asphalt mixture particles. Next, uniformity evaluation indicators are used to analyze the impact of individual parameters on particle uniformity. Then, simulation experiments are conducted under varying material level coefficients and rotational speeds, and a regression model is developed to analyze the impact of coupling factors using RSM. Afterward, different algorithms are employed to optimize the parameters of the model, and the results show that the particle swarm optimization algorithm is better than the traditional hill climbing algorithm. Last, field tests are conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed optimization strategy. The optimal theoretical parameter of the material level coefficient is 0.95, and the rotational speed is 53 rpm. Overall, the proposed strategy offers an effective and accurate model for simulating the process of particle separation, which can lead to improved uniformity of asphalt mixtures.
Predicting Electronic Structure of Realistic Amorphous Surfaces
Authors: Repa Gil M. , Fredin Lisa A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmorphous materials underlie the functionality of many devices in photocatalysis, electronics, and other technological applications. The performance of such devices is largely altered by the interfacial characteristics of the material motivating better understanding of their structure function relationships. However, open questions remain about how to generate atomistic representations of amorphous surfaces that are realistic while being amenable to computational study using electronic structure methods. Here, model parameters are explored to generate accurate amorphous surface models using prototypical amorphous titanium dioxide and a melt‐quench approach. In particular, non‐standard model considerations such as minimum sample size, unit cell size, and quench conditions are varied to efficiently explore amorphous structural space. The results indicate different modeling parameters have a substantial effect on surface morphology and electronic structure that significantly alters the interpretations gained by computational study of amorphous interfaces. Critically, it is shown that the structural motifs that contribute to such differences are not detectable by short range structural analysis that has traditionally been used to assess the quality of melt‐quench derived amorphous structures.
Nondestructive 3D Imaging of Microscale Damage inside Polymers—Based on the Discovery of Self‐Excited Fluorescence Effect Induced by Electrical Field
Authors: Sima Wenxia , Tang Xinyu , Sun Potao , Sun Zhenkun , Yuan Tao , Yang Ming , Zhu Chun , Shi Zeyan , Deng Qin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of high‐precision, non‐destructive, and three‐dimensional (3D) in situ imaging of micro‐scale damage inside polymers is extremely challenging. Recent reports suggest that 3D imaging technology based on micro‐CT technology causes irreversible damage to materials and is ineffective for many elastomeric materials. In this study, it is discovered that electrical trees inside silicone gel induced by an applied electric field can induce a self‐excited fluorescence effect. Based on this, high‐precision, non‐destructive, and 3D in situ fluorescence imaging of polymer damages is successfully achieved. Compared with the current methods, the fluorescence microscopic imaging method enables slicing of the sample in vivo with high‐precision operation, realizing the precise positioning of the damaged area. This pioneering discovery paves the way for high‐precision, non‐destructive, and 3D in situ imaging of polymer internal damage, which can solve the problem of internal damage imaging in insulating materials and precision instruments.
Suicides in Brazilian Federal Highway Police: A retrospective study with 20‐years' data (2001–2020)
Authors: Marins Eduardo Frio , Ferreira Rodrigo Wiltgen , de Freitas Flávio Castagna , Júnior José Rossy e V. , Dutra Geovana Ferreira de Andrade Alves , Caputo Eduardo Lucia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the incidence of suicides among Brazilian Federal Highway Police Officers (FHPO) between 2001 and 2020, as well as to describe their sociodemographic and occupational profile.MethodsA retrospective study analyzed all suicides among FHPO of all Brazilian states between 2001 and 2020 based on personalized police record files.ResultsThe average suicide rate was 18.7/100,000 persons per year. A total of 35 suicides were identified, of which 33 (91.4%) were by firearm. Most FHPO who died by suicide were male (94.3%), under the age of 40 (62.9%), working for 10 or more years (57.1%), married (65.7%), parents (68.6%), had health insurance (77.1%), and worked in alternating shifts (54.2%).ConclusionThe suicide rate among FHPO is high. Due to missing data on age and gender, standardized rates were not reported in the current study, therefore a careful interpretation of the rates reported should be considered.
Isolated small ventricular septal defects in utero: HDlive Flow with spatiotemporal image correlation and HDlive Silhouette case study
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Kawahara Tomomi , Konishi Miyu , Bouno Saori , Yamanishi Tomomi , Koyanagi Aya , Miyake Takahito 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate shunt flow through small ventricular septal defects (VSDs) using HDlive Flow with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) and HDlive Silhouette.MethodsFour cases of isolated small VSDs were evaluated using colour Doppler, and HDlive Flow with STIC and HDlive Silhouette.ResultsHDlive Flow with STIC and HDlive Silhouette can improve the ability to depict shunt flow through small VSDs compared with colour Doppler.ConclusionThis technique provides information on spatial recognition of the shunt flow through isolated small VSDs in real time.
In situ Engineering of Tumor‐Associated Macrophages via a Nanodrug‐Delivering‐Drug (β‐Elemene@Stanene) Strategy for Enhanced Cancer Chemo‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Wei , Li Yongjiang , Liu Chuang , Kang Yong , Qin Duotian , Chen Shuying , Zhou Jun , Liu Hai‐Jun , Ferdows Bijan Emiliano , Patel Dylan Neal , Huang Xiangang , Koo Seyoung , Kong Na , Ji Xiaoyuan , Cao Yihai , Tao Wei , Xie Tian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) play a critical role in the immunosuppressive solid tumor microenvironment (TME), yet in situ engineering of TAMs for enhanced tumor immunotherapy remains a significant challenge in translational immuno‐oncology. Here, we report an innovative nanodrug‐delivering‐drug (STNSP@ELE) strategy that leverages two‐dimensional (2D) stanene‐based nanosheets (STNSP) and β‐Elemene (ELE), a small‐molecule anticancer drug, to overcome TAM‐mediated immunosuppression and improve chemo‐immunotherapy. Our results demonstrate that both STNSP and ELE are capable of polarizing the tumor‐supportive M2‐like TAMs into a tumor‐suppressive M1‐like phenotype, which acts with the ELE chemotherapeutic to boost antitumor responses. In vivo mouse studies demonstrate that STNSP@ELE treatment can reprogram the immunosuppressive TME by significantly increasing the intratumoral ratio of M1/M2‐like TAMs, enhancing the population of CD4+and CD8+T lymphocytes and mature dendritic cells, and elevating the expression of immunostimulatory cytokines in B16F10 melanomas, thereby promoting a robust antitumor response. Our study not only demonstrates that the STNSP@ELE chemo‐immunotherapeutic nanoplatform has immune‐modulatory capabilities that can overcome TAM‐mediated immunosuppression in solid tumors, but also highlights the promise of this nanodrug‐delivering‐drug strategy in developing other nano‐immunotherapeutics and treating various types of immunosuppressive tumors.
Constructing high‐polarization silica for polyimide‐based nanocomposites with enhanced dielectric permittivity and mechanical performances: Molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Wang Yu , Yang Wenlong , Lin Jiaqi , Liu Xinmei , Sun Hongguo , Yang Ying , He Xunjun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, the silane coupling agents with 4‐carboxyphenyl (PhCOOH), amino, phenyl, 4‐aminophenyl and 4‐phenylmethylketone were employed to modify the interfaces of the polyimide/SiO2 (PIS) nanocomposites, and the effects of the interfacial structures on the dielectric and the mechanical properties for the PI‐based composites were predicted by molecular dynamics simulation. The results showed that the interface structure with PhCOOH simultaneously elevated the static dielectric permittivity (εs) and Young modulus of the PI‐based composites. Due to enhanced intrinsic polarization of the SiO2 particles and the interface polarization in the composites, the εs of PIS‐PhCOOH composites (6.66) was 28% higher than that of PIS (5.21). Young modulus of PIS‐PhCOOH (5.09 GPa) was higher than that of PIS (3.25 GPa), which was attributed to the increase of the number of hydrogen bonds and non‐bond interaction. In addition, the length of PhCOOH was found to be larger than the thickness of excluded volume region, showing that part of PhCOOH could be embedded into the gaps among PI chains and the interfacial load transfer efficiency was reinforced. These results provided an understanding of the atomic‐scale interfacial structures, which was beneficial for the design and preparation of the nanocomposites with superior dielectric and mechanical performances.
Ressourcenschonung und CO2‐Minderung unterirdischer Verkehrsbauwerke in offener Bauweise durch konstruktiv optimierte Verbauten
Authors: Mischo Arne , Eberle Lara , Zehetmaier Gerhard 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDer für eine Mobilitätswende erforderliche Ausbau des ÖPNV und primär der Ausbau von U‐Bahn‐Netzen steht – wenngleich per se potenziell nachhaltig – bei Ressourcenschonung und CO2‐Minderung in der Pflicht. Insbesondere unterirdische Verkehrsbauwerke in offener Bauweise zeigen noch erhebliche Minderungspotenziale. Neben Maßnahmen auf Baustoffebene durch Zemente, Bewehrungs‐ und Baustähle mit reduziertem CO2‐Fußabdruck oder Global Warming Potential (GWP) sind dringend auch Maßnahmen auf Ebene der Konstruktion notwendig: durch eine vom konstruktiven Ingenieur betriebene Optimierung von Konstruktion, Bauweise und Bauablauf. Ausgangspunkt der Betrachtung ist eine heute typische U‐Bahn‐Haltestelle, wie sie in den Metropolen Hamburg, Berlin oder München aktuell geplant und gebaut wird. Die wesentlichen Beiträge zum CO2‐Fußabdruck der Haltestelle werden identifiziert und Stellschrauben aufgezeigt. Eine wesentliche Rolle spielen dabei Baubehelfe und Baugrubenverbauten, die häufig nur für kurze Zeit genutzt werden, aber große Beiträge zum GWP liefern. Aus einer systematischen Betrachtung von Verbaukonzepten und ‐konstruktionen werden Handlungsoptionen für die Planung ressourcenschonender und emissionsärmerer Verkehrsbauwerke in offener Bauweise abgeleitet.
Potenzial von 3D‐gedruckten Stahlfaserbetonbauteilen zum Schutz kritischer Infrastruktur – Beschuss‐ und Freifallversuche
Authors: Zohrabyan Vahan , Zöller Raphael , Gradic Simon , Braml Thomas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDer Einsatz innovativer Fertigungstechnologien in der Baubranche unterstützt die Realisierung vollständig automatisierter Herstellungsverfahren mit dem Ziel, die Ausführungszeit, die Individualität und die Qualität von Bauteilen zu verbessern. Die Herstellung von Stahlfaserbetonbauteilen im selektiven Zementaktivierungsverfahren, welches das dreidimensionale Drucken von formoptimierten Bauteilen ermöglicht, kann die genannten Ziele erreichen. Um diese hinsichtlich ihres Verhaltens unter hochdynamischen Einwirkungen zu untersuchen, wurden insgesamt zehn Stahlfaserbetonprobekörper in unterschiedlichen Bauweisen gedruckt und durch Beschuss‐ und Freifallversuche mit hochdynamischen Belastungen beansprucht. Solche Belastungen führen zu komplexen inneren Beanspruchungen und entsprechenden Schadensbildern. Eine Darstellung von weiterhin bestehenden Schäden nach dem Impakt, insbesondere die korrekte Ausrichtung der Stahlfasern im Bauteil, zeigen Verbesserungs‐ und Optimierungsmöglichkeiten zukünftiger Schutzbauteile auf, welche nach aktuellem Stand der Technik noch nicht hinreichend erforscht sind.
A misdiagnosed laryngeal foreign body causing recurrent wheezing in a pediatric patient: Case report
Authors: Fraccaroli Francesca , Tosini Davide , Lerario Giorgia , Battilocchi Ludovica , D'Onghia Alessandra , Cantarella Giovanna , Pignataro Lorenzo , Neri Simona , Gaffuri Michele 
Published: June 2023

Key clinical messageThe recurrence of respiratory symptoms without a clear clinical reason in children can be secondary to the presence of an unknown foreign body of the airways. In such cases, endoscopy of the airways is always necessary, regardless of the patient's age.AbstractThe management of foreign bodies of the pediatric airway can be challenging. The clinical presentation may vary and, in case of recurrent respiratory symptoms without a clear clinical cause, the presence of a foreign body of the airway should be suspected. We describe the case of a 13‐month‐old patient, weight 11 kg, with a misdiagnosed subglottic foreign body causing dysphonia and worsening respiratory distress, removed by means of a direct laryngotracheoscopy in tubeless general anesthesia in spontaneous breathing.
Synthesis and Characterization of Substituted Phosphasilenes and its Rare Homologue Stibasilene >Si=Sb−
Authors: Nazish Mohd , Legendre Christina M. , Herbst‐Irmer Regine , Muhammed Shahila , Parameswaran Pattiyil , Stalke Dietmar , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHerein we report the reduction of R‐EX2 (E=P, Sb) with two equivalents of KC8 in the presence of silylene (LSiR; L=PhC(NtBu)2) to give Trip‐P=SiL(C6H4PPh2) (1), TerPh−P=(tBu)SiL (2) and TerPh−Sb=(tBu)SiL (3). The last (3) belongs to a new class of heavier analogues of Schiff bases (>C=N−), containing a formal >Si=Sb− double bond. The theoretical calculations suggest that lone pairs on the dicoordinated group‐15 centers are stabilized by hyperconjugative interactions resulting in pseudo‐Si−P/Si−Sb multiple bonds which are highly reactive as indicated by the high first and second proton affinities.
Graphdiyne and its Composites for Lithium‐Ion and Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Yang Kun , Kang Yuchong , Li Xuao , Ma Xiaoyun , Wang Xiaoxue , Lu Zhiqiang , Li Haibo , Ma Wei , Pan Likun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGraphynes (GYs) are a novel type of carbon allotrope composed of sp and sp2 hybridized carbon atoms, boasting both a planar conjugated structure akin to graphene and a pore‐like configuration in three‐dimensional space. Graphdiyne (GDY), the first successfully synthesized member of GYs family, has gained much interest due to its fascinating electrochemical properties including a greater theoretical capacity, high charge mobility and advanced electronic transport properties, making it a promising material for energy storage applications for lithium‐ion and hydrogen storage. Various methods, including heteroatom substitution, embedding, strain, and nanomorphology control, have been employed to further enhance the energy storage performance of GDY. Despite the potential of GDY in energy storage applications, there are still challenges to overcome in scaling up mass production. This review summarizes recent progress in the synthesis and application of GDY in lithium‐ion and hydrogen storage, highlighting the obstacles faced in large‐scale commercial application of GDY‐based energy storage devices. Suggestions on possible solutions to overcome these hurdles have also been provided. Overall, the unique properties of GDY make it a promising material for energy storage applications in lithium‐ion and hydrogen storage devices. The findings presented here will inspire further development of energy storage devices utilizing GDY.
Effect of plant density and hydraulic retention time on phytoremediation of greywater using water hyacinth and validation of its optimized result using artificial neural network
Authors: Prasad Rajnikant , Sharma Dayanand , Pandey Ashutosh Kumar , Yadav Kunwar D. , Kumar Sunil , Ibrahim Hussameldin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWater scarcity is a global issue and finding alternative ways to meet our water needs within available resources is becoming increasingly important. Repurposing greywater for non‐potable uses, such as irrigation and car washing, can help alleviate the demand for drinking water. Greywater recycling and reuse are viable options to combat water scarcity. This study investigated the treatment of greywater using phytoremediation, specifically focusing on the effect of water hyacinth density and hydraulic retention time (HRT). An artificial neural network was used to optimize these parameters in the treatment system. The experiment spanned over 7 weeks and consisted of two phases. In phase I, different water hyacinth densities (ranging from 1.0 to 4.0 kg/m2) were tested, while phase II examined various HRTs (ranging from 12 to 48 h). The results indicated that the optimal conditions for greywater treatment were a water hyacinth density of 2 kg/m2 and an HRT of 48 h. Under these optimal conditions, the treatment system achieved high removal efficiencies for turbidity (98.02 ± 0.75%), chemical oxygen demand (59.42 ± 5.64%), ammonium‐nitrogen (87.45 ± 7.29%), and phosphate (94.50 ± 2.19%). However, the removal of total suspended solids was relatively low at 43.98 ± 9.20%. These findings were confirmed using an artificial neural network, showing a strong correlation (R > 0.99). The study concludes that phytoremediation using water hyacinth can be a viable option for greywater recycling and reuse, effectively addressing water scarcity. The recommended optimal conditions include a water hyacinth density of 2 kg/m2 and an HRT of 48 h.
An improved anti‐interference predictive PI for first order plus dead time processes
Authors: Hou Yuqiao , Zou Hongbo , Bai Jianjun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe predictive PI control algorithm can handle time delay systems well, but still suffers from poor control and weak anti‐interference ability when facing large inertia and large lag links. This paper starts from the principle of predictive PI controller, equates it to Smith predictive controller, then combines Smith anti‐disturbance structure and proposes an improved predictive PI (IPPI). For the first‐order plus dead time (FOPDT) system simulation experiment, the experimental results show that the proposed controller has significantly improved the response speed and anti‐interference ability.
Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Antifibrotic Activity of CC‐90001 (BMS‐986360), a c‐Jun N‐Terminal Kinase Inhibitor, in Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Horan Gerald , Ye Ying , Adams Mary , Parton Anastasia , Cedzik Dorota , Tang Shaojun , Brown Elizabeth A. , Liu Liangang , Nissel Jim , Carayannopoulos Leonidas N. , Gaudy Allison , Schafer Peter , Palmisano Maria , Ramirez‐Valle Francisco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractApproved treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis have tolerability concerns and limited efficacy. CC‐90001, a c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase inhibitor, is under investigation as a therapy for fibrotic diseases. A Phase 1b safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics study of oral CC‐90001 (100, 200, or 400 mg) administered once daily for 12 weeks was conducted in patients with pulmonary fibrosis (NCT02510937). Sixteen patients with a mean age of 68 years were studied. The most common treatment‐emergent adverse events were nausea and headache; all events were of mild or moderate intensity. Pharmacokinetic profiles were similar between the patients in this trial and healthy adults in previous studies. Forced vital capacity increased in the 200‐ and 400‐mg cohorts from baseline to Week 12, and dose‐dependent reductions in fibrosis biomarkers were observed. Antifibrotic activity of CC‐90001 was also evaluated in vitro in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF‐β1)–stimulated cells. CC‐90001 reduced in vitro profibrotic gene expression in both lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts, supporting a potential direct antifibrotic action of c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase inhibition in either or both cell types. Overall, CC‐90001 was generally safe and well tolerated, and treatment was associated with forced vital capacity improvement and reductions in profibrotic biomarkers.
ALKBH5/YTHDF2‐mediated m6A modification of circAFF2 enhances radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer by inhibiting Cullin neddylation
Authors: Shao Yingjie , Liu Zhenhua , Song Xing , Sun Rui , Zhou You , Zhang Dachuan , Sun Huihui , Huang Junchao , Wu Chenxi , Gu Wendong , Zheng Xiao , Jiang Jingting 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNA (circRNA) and N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) play a critical role in tumour occurrence and development, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, little is known about the interaction between circRNA and m6A in the radiosensitivity of CRC. Here, we investigated the role of a novel m6A‐regulated circRNA in CRC.MethodsDifferentially expressed circRNAs from radiosensitive and radioresistant CRC tissues were screened. Modifications of the selected circRNAs were examined by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation assay. Finally, the selected circRNAs were subjected to radiosensitivity assay.ResultsWe identified that circAFF2 is closely related to both radiosensitivity and m6A in CRC. CircAFF2 was highly expressed in patients with radiosensitive rectal cancer, and patients with high expression of circAFF2 had a better prognosis. In addition, circAFF2 can enhance the radiosensitivity of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. The regulation of circAFF2 involves ALKBH5‐mediated demethylation, followed by its recognition and degradation via YTHDF2. Rescue experiments revealed that circAFF2 could reverse the radiosensitivity induced by ALKBH5 or YTHDF2. Mechanistically, circAFF2 binds with CAND1, promotes the binding of CAND1 to Cullin1 and inhibits its neddylation, subsequently impacting the radiosensitivity of CRC.ConclusionWe identified and characterised circAFF2 as a novel m6A‐modified circRNA and validated the ALKBH5/YTHDF2/circAFF2/Cullin‐NEDD8 axis as a potential radiotherapy target for CRC.