bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast cancers as ecosystems: a metabolic perspective
Authors: Martino Flavia , Lupi Mariadomenica , Giraudo Enrico , Lanzetti Letizia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer and one of the major causes of cancer death. Despite enormous progress in its management, both from the therapeutic and early diagnosis viewpoints, still around 700,000 patients succumb to the disease each year, worldwide. Late recurrency is the major problem in BC, with many patients developing distant metastases several years after the successful eradication of the primary tumor. This is linked to the phenomenon of metastatic dormancy, a still mysterious trait of the natural history of BC, and of several other types of cancer, by which metastatic cells remain dormant for long periods of time before becoming reactivated to initiate the clinical metastatic disease. In recent years, it has become clear that cancers are best understood if studied as ecosystems in which the impact of non-cancer-cell-autonomous events—dependent on complex interaction between the cancer and its environment, both local and systemic—plays a paramount role, probably as significant as the cell-autonomous alterations occurring in the cancer cell. In adopting this perspective, a metabolic vision of the cancer ecosystem is bound to improve our understanding of the natural history of cancer, across space and time. In BC, many metabolic pathways are coopted into the cancer ecosystem, to serve the anabolic and energy demands of the cancer. Their study is shedding new light on the most critical aspect of BC management, of metastatic dissemination, and that of the related phenomenon of dormancy and fostering the application of the knowledge to the development of metabolic therapies.
Weyl’s Law for the Steklov Problem on Surfaces with Rough Boundary
Authors: Karpukhin Mikhail , Lagacé Jean , Polterovich Iosif 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe validity of Weyl’s law for the Steklov problem on domains with Lipschitz boundary is a well-known open question in spectral geometry. We answer this question in two dimensions and show that Weyl’s law holds for an even larger class of surfaces with rough boundaries. This class includes domains with interior cusps as well as “slow” exterior cusps. Moreover, the condition on the speed of exterior cusps cannot be improved, which makes our result, in a sense optimal. The proof is based on the methods of Suslina and Agranovich combined with some observations about the boundary behaviour of conformal mappings.
An Adaptive Consensus Based Method for Multi-objective Optimization with Uniform Pareto Front Approximation
Authors: Borghi Giacomo , Herty Michael , Pareschi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work we are interested in stochastic particle methods for multi-objective optimization. The problem is formulated via scalarization using parametrized, single-objective sub-problems which are solved simultaneously. To this end a consensus based multi-objective optimization method on the search space combined with an additional heuristic strategy to adapt parameters during the computations is proposed. The adaptive strategy aims to distribute the particles uniformly over the image space, in particular over the Pareto front, by using energy-based measures to quantify the diversity of the system. The resulting gradient-free metaheuristic algorithm is mathematically analyzed using a mean-field approximation of the algorithm iteration and convergence guarantees towards Pareto optimal points are rigorously proven. In addition, we analyze the dynamics when the Pareto front corresponds to the unit simplex, and show that the adaptive mechanism reduces to a gradient flow in this case. Several numerical experiments show the validity of the proposed stochastic particle dynamics, investigate the role of the algorithm parameters and validate the theoretical findings.
Results after intraoperative open and endovascular revascularization of acute mesenteric ischemia requiring a laparotomy
Authors: Kapalla Marvin , Choubey Rahul , Weitz Jürgen , Reeps Christian , Wolk Steffen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) is a dreaded condition with a difficult diagnosis and high mortality. Due to different baseline situations, the frequently performed comparison between endovascular and open surgical treatment is interfered with selection bias. The purpose of this study was to review outcomes in AMI treatment with an open or endovascular approach in association with laparotomy and to evaluate the endovascular-first strategy in similar clinical situations.

Methods
The clinical data of 74 patients treated for AMI from 2007 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed and compared. In-hospital mortality was appointed as the primary study endpoint. Risk factors for mortality were identified by using univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results
In total, 61 patients (82%) were treated open surgically (OT) and, 13 patients (18%) with an endovascular approach (ET) in combination with laparatomy. The etiology of AMI was 49% arteriosclerotic and 51% thromboembolic occlusions. The total in-hospital mortality manifested at 43% (n =32) (OT 41% vs. ET 53.8%; P=0.54). As independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality, pneumatosis intestinalis (P=0.01), increased lactate concentration (P=0.04), and ischemic intestinal sections (P=0.01) were identified. Additionally, on univariate analysis patient age, congestive heart failure (> NYHA II) and atrial fibrillation were related with higher mortality.

Conclusions
Morbidity and mortality of AMI remains at a high level. Conventional open or intraoperative endovascular therapy achieved similar results in patients with indication for laparotomy. Advanced disease stage with ischemic intestinal sections at presentation and cardiovascular comorbidities were associated with adverse outcome.
Inactivating TDP2 missense mutation in siblings with congenital abnormalities reminiscent of fanconi anemia
Authors: Zagnoli-Vieira Guido , Brazina Jan , Van Den Bogaert Kris , Huybrechts Wim , Molenaers Guy , Caldecott Keith W. , Van Esch Hilde 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMutations in TDP2, encoding tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2, have been associated with a syndromal form of autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia, type 23 (SCAR23). This is a very rare and progressive neurodegenerative disorder described in only nine patients to date, and caused by splice site or nonsense mutations that result in greatly reduced or absent TDP2 protein. TDP2 is required for the rapid repair of DNA double-strand breaks induced by abortive DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2) activity, important for genetic stability in post-mitotic cells such as neurons. Here, we describe a sibship that is homozygous for the first TDP2 missense mutation (p.Glu152Lys) and which presents with clinical features overlapping both SCAR23 and Fanconi anemia (FA). We show that in contrast to previously reported SCAR23 patients, fibroblasts derived from the current patient retain significant levels of TDP2 protein. However, this protein is catalytically inactive, resulting in reduced rates of repair of TOP2-induced DNA double-strand breaks and cellular hypersensitivity to the TOP2 poison, etoposide. The TDP2-mutated patient-derived fibroblasts do not display increased chromosome breakage following treatment with DNA crosslinking agents, but both TDP2-mutated and FA cells exhibit increased chromosome breakage in response to etoposide. This suggests that the FA pathway is required in response to TOP2-induced DNA lesions, providing a possible explanation for the clinical overlap between FA and the current TDP2-mutated patients. When reviewing the relatively small number of patients with SCAR23 that have been reported, it is clear that the phenotype of such patients can extend beyond neurological features, indicating that the TDP2 protein influences not only neural homeostasis but also other tissues as well.
Single-row versus transosseous technique in the arthroscopic treatment of rotator cuff tears: a meta-analysis
Authors: De Giorgi S. , Ottaviani G. , Bianchi F. P. , Delmedico M. , Suma M. , Moretti B. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to compare single-row suture-anchors (SA) versus transosseous arthroscopic (TO) technique in the treatment of patients with rotator cuff tears in terms of clinical structural outcomes at atleast 24 months of follow-up.

Methods
The systematic review was performed according to “PRISMA guidelines” (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses), in order to identify all the studies comparing clinical, both subjective and objective, outcomes with 24 months follow-up minimum in patients undergoing arthroscopic RC repair with the SR and TO technique. OVID-MEDLINE®, Cochrane, SCOPUS and PubMed were searched from January 2010 to October 2022 to identify relevant studies, using the following key words, that were combined together to achieve maximum search strategy sensitivity: “Rotator cuff tear” OR “repair” OR “shoulder” OR “reconstruction” OR “suture” OR “arthroscopic” OR “single-row” OR “transosseous”.

Results
Six papers were finally analyzed in this meta-analysis. The weighted mean difference on Constant scores and for ASES for studies considering suture-anchors (SA) group showed good outcomes. The weighted mean difference of Constant scores and of ASES for TO (transosseous) group showed good outcomes. The weighted mean difference of CONSTANT for TO versus SA groups showed no differences in the outcomes of SA and TO techniques for the repair of Rotator Cuff Tears at minimum 24 months follow-up.

Conclusions
The Arthroscopic transosseous rotator cuff repair technique and SA (suture-anchor) technique both lead to significant short-term improvement and satisfactory subjective outcome scores with low complication/failure rates. No differences were found in the final outcome between the two techniques.
Algebraically explainable controllers: decision trees and support vector machines join forces
Authors: Jüngermann Florian , Křetínský Jan , Weininger Maximilian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, decision trees (DT) have been used as an explainable representation of controllers (a.k.a. strategies, policies, schedulers). Although they are often very efficient and produce small and understandable controllers for discrete systems, complex continuous dynamics still pose a challenge. In particular, when the relationships between variables take more complex forms, such as polynomials, they cannot be obtained using the available DT learning procedures. In contrast, support vector machines provide a more powerful representation, capable of discovering many such relationships, but not in an explainable form. Therefore, we suggest to combine the two frameworks to obtain an understandable representation over richer, domain-relevant algebraic predicates. We demonstrate and evaluate the proposed method experimentally on established benchmarks.
Ein neues Rettungskonzept für Schwerstverletzte in militärischen und zivilen Großschadenslagen: DRONEVAC
Authors: Schmidbauer W. , Jänig C. , Vits E. , Gruebl T. , Sauer S. , Weller N. , Kehe K. , Holzapfel F. , Lüth T. , Kanz K. G. , Rittinghaus E. , Biberthaler P. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungSowohl zivile Großschadenslagen wie z. B. die Starkregenkatastrophe 2021 in Rheinland-Pfalz und Nordrhein-Westfalen als auch der Angriffskrieg in der Ukraine machen deutlich, dass in der zivilen wie in der militärischen Notfall- und Rettungsmedizin immer wieder die Herausforderung bestehen wird, eine größere Anzahl an Opfern lokalisieren, stabilisieren, evakuieren und möglichst schnell in Behandlungseinrichtungen transportieren zu müssen. Dabei ist neben einer nichtausreichenden Transportkapazität häufig auch ein Mangel an Fachpersonal zu kompensieren. Dies unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit, neue Entwicklungen und Technologien auf ihr Potenzial zu überprüfen, zukünftig das Management und die Bewältigung von Großschadenslagen zu verbessern.Der Einsatz von Drohnen, also unbemannten (Luft‑)Fahrzeugen, bietet für diese Szenarien multiple Möglichkeiten, von der Aufklärung über logistischen Support bis hin zum Patiententransport mit telemedizinischer Behandlungssteuerung und -überwachung während des Transports.Das DRONEVAC-Konzept beruht auf dem Einsatz von unbemannten (Luft‑)Fahrzeugen (DROhNen), die mit medizinischer Ausrüstung und telemedizinischer Anbindung ausgestattet sind, um Patienten schneller, personalsparend und sicher zu finden und zu evakuieren (EVACuation).
On the dimension of the algebras of local infinitesimal isometries of 3-dimensional special sub-Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Grochowski Marek 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSuppose that we are given a contact sub-Riemannian manifold (M, H, g) of dimension 3 such that the Reeb vector field is an infinitesimal isometry (such manifolds will be referred to as special). For a point $$q\in M$$

q
∈
M

denote by $$\mathfrak {i}^*(q)$$

i

∗

(
q
)

the Lie algebra of germs at q of infinitesimal isometries of (M, H, g). It is proved that for a generic point $$q\in M$$

q
∈
M

, $$\dim \mathfrak {i}^*(q)$$

dim

i

∗

(
q
)

can only assume the values 1, 2, 4. Moreover, $$\dim \mathfrak {i}^*(q) = 4$$

dim

i

∗

(
q
)

=
4

if and only if the curvature function determined by the canonical sub-Riemannian connection is constant in a neighborhood of q. The latter case is possible if (M, H, g) is locally isometric, in a neighborhood of q, to a left-invariant sub-Riemannian structure on a 3-dimensional Lie group.
Chemical ecology of triatomines: current knowledge and implications for Chagas disease vector management
Authors: Alavez-Rosas David , Vargas-Abasolo Reyna , Albores-Flores Claudia I. , Meneses-Arias María Guadalupe , Gutiérrez-Cabrera Ana Erika , Benelli Giovanni , Cruz-López Leopoldo , Córdoba-Aguilar Alex 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTriatomines (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae), commonly known as conenose or kissing bugs, includes species of outstanding medical importance given their role as vectors of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae), the aetiological agent of Chagas disease. Herein, we present an updated review of the chemical ecology of triatomines, with special reference to molecules involved in the communication of these insects. Infochemicals, including hormones and semiochemicals (pheromones and allelochemicals), have a pivotal role in mediating information and shaping interactions within and between triatomines, during distinct behavioural contexts. We analyse the new findings about the chemical composition of alarm, aggregation and sex pheromones, as well as on cuticular hydrocarbons, host attractants and repellents. We also discuss how triatomine hormones may serve as communication signals and highlight the importance of the reverse chemical ecology approach in studying the complex chemoecology of these arthropod vectors. In the final section, we outline how knowledge about triatomine chemical ecology can be used for implementing real-world control operations with proven epidemiological impact.
Adherence to complementary feeding indicators and their associations with coexisting forms of malnutrition in children aged between 6 to 23.9 months of age
Authors: Khaliq Asif , Nambiar Smita , Miller Yvette , Wraith Darren 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to explore the relationship between different complementary feeding (CF) indicators and coexisting forms of malnutrition (CFM) in Pakistan.

Methodology
This study involves secondary data analysis of eight national and regional datasets of Pakistan, which were retrieved from the Demographic Health Survey (DHS) and UNICEF. From these datasets, data of children aged between 6 to 23.9 months was analysed after excluding incomplete and/or invalid data related to their feeding practices and anthropometry. Thus, data of 30,097 Pakistani children between the ages of 6 to 23.9 months was analysed in this study using Jamovi software.

Results
The prevalence of CFM in this sample of children was 28.1%. Cereals and dairy were chiefly used for CF. With the exception of continuation of breastfeeding and coadministration of breastmilk with solid/semi-solid/soft food, adherence to all other CF indicators (minimum dietary diversity, minimum meal frequency, iron & folate consumption, egg & flesh food consumption, zero vegetable & fruit consumption) were associated with reduced odds of various forms of CFM.

Conclusion
Nutritional adversities in children may be prevented by improving the dietary diversity, meal frequency, protein consumption, iron & folic acid (IFA) use, and food fortification.
The role of semantic assessment in the differential diagnosis between late-life depression and Alzheimer’s disease or amnestic mild cognitive impairment: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Invernizzi Sandra , Bodart Alice , Lefebvre Laurent , Loureiro Isabelle Simoes 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Object
The cognitive complaints encountered in late-life depression (LLD) make it difficult to distinguish from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on an analysis of neurocognitive disorders. The hypothesis of the early impairment of semantic memory in AD and aMCI is considered a potential differential cognitive clue, but the absence of this impairment has not yet been confirmed in LLD.

Method
Based on the PRISMA method, we systematically seek neuropsychological assessments of individuals with LLD, the present study included 31 studies representing 3291 controls and 2820 people with LLD. Wherever possible, studies that tested simultaneously groups with LLD, AD (or aMCI) were also included. The results of the group of neuropsychological tasks relying on semantic memory were analyzed in two groups of tasks with high- or low-executive demand. The mean average effect of LLD was calculated and compared to the incremental effect of aMCI or AD on the scores. Linear regressions including education, age, and severity and type of depression were run to seek their power of prediction for the mean average effects.

Results
LLD has a medium effect on scores at semantic and phonemic fluency and naming and a small average effect on the low-executive demand tasks. Differences in education is a predictor of the effect of LLD on phonemic fluency and naming but not on semantic fluency or on low-executive demand tasks. Except for semantic fluency, aMCI did not demonstrate an incremental effect on the scores compared to LLD, while AD did, for all the tasks except phonemic fluency.

Conclusion
Assessment of semantic memory can be a discriminating clue for the distinction between depression and Alzheimer’s disease but some methodological variables are highly influential to the scores, especially education. However, high-executive semantic tasks alone do not allow us to clearly distinguish LLD from AD or aMCI, as both pathologies seem to have a largely dialectical influential relationship, but low-executive semantic tasks appear as more sensible to this pathological distinction.
Superiority of a Representative MRI Flow Waveform over Doppler Ultrasound for Aortic Wave Reflection Assessment in Children and Adolescents With/Without a History of Heart Disease
Authors: Mynard Jonathan P. , Kowalski Remi , Harrington Hilary A. , Kondiboyina Avinash , Smolich Joseph J. , Cheung Michael M. H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWave separation analysis (WSA) reveals the impact of forward- and backward-running waves on the arterial pressure pulse, but the calculations require a flow waveform. This study investigated (1) the variability of the ascending aortic flow waveform in children and adolescents with/without a childhood heart disease history (CHD); (2) the accuracy of WSA obtained with a representative flow waveform (RepFlow), compared with the triangulation method and published ultrasound-derived adult representative flow; (3) the impact of limitations in Doppler ultrasound on WSA; and (4) generalizability of results to adults with a history of CHD. Phase contrast MRI was performed in youth without (n = 45, Group 1, 10–19 years) and with CHD (n = 79, Group 2, 7–18 years), and adults with CHD history (n = 29, Group 3, 19–59 years). Segmented aortic cross-sectional area was used as a surrogate for the central pressure waveform in WSA. A subject-specific virtual Doppler ultrasound was performed on MRI data by extracting velocities from a sample volume. Time/amplitude-normalized ascending aortic flow waveforms were highly consistent amongst all groups. WSA with RepFlow therefore yielded errors < 10% in all groups for reflected wave magnitude and return time. Absolute errors were typically 1.5–3 times greater with other methods, including subject-specific (best-case/virtual) Doppler ultrasound, for which velocity profile skewing introduced waveform errors. Our data suggest that RepFlow is the optimal approach for pressure-only WSA in children and adolescents with/without CHD, as well as adults with CHD history, and may even be more accurate than subject-specific Doppler ultrasound in the ascending aorta.
TMEM44 as a Novel Prognostic Marker for Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma is Associated with Tumor Invasion, Migration and Immune Infiltration
Authors: Tian Jie , Sun Liang , Wan Lisong , Zou Haibin , Chen Jitao , Liu Fei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTransmembrane (TMEM) proteins are integral membrane proteins that traverse biological membranes. Several members of the TMEM family have been linked to the development and progression of various tumors. However, the specific role and mechanism of TMEM44 in tumor biology remain largely unexplored. In this study, we initially conducted an extensive analysis using the TCGA database to investigate the expression patterns and survival associations of TMEM44 across various human tumors. Subsequently, we focused on KIRC and found a significant correlation between TMEM44 expression and this particular cancer type. To validate our findings, we performed western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays to confirm the expression levels of TMEM44 in KIRC. Following this, we employed a series of functional assays, including CCK8 viability assay, EDU incorporation assay, wound healing assay, and transwell migration assay, to investigate the biological role of TMEM44 in KIRC. We observed a significant upregulation of TMEM44 expression in KIRC, indicating its potential involvement in the pathogenesis of this cancer. We intervened in the expression of TMEM44 in KIRC cells and found significant inhibitory effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in KIRC cells. Furthermore, our findings indicated that TMEM44 could serve as an independent prognostic factor in KIRC, highlighting its potential clinical significance. Consequently, TMEM44 holds promise as both a prognostic biomarker and a prospective therapeutic target for KIRC.