bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Class switch towards spike protein-specific IgG4 antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination depends on prior infection history
Authors: Kiszel Petra , Sík Pál , Miklós János , Kajdácsi Erika , Sinkovits György , Cervenak László , Prohászka Zoltán 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 reduce the risk of developing serious COVID-19 disease. Monitoring spike-specific IgG subclass levels after vaccinations may provide additional information on SARS-CoV-2 specific humoral immune response. Here, we examined the presence and levels of spike-specific IgG antibody subclasses in health-care coworkers vaccinated with vector- (Sputnik, AstraZeneca) or mRNA-based (Pfizer-BioNTech, Moderna) vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. We found that vector-based vaccines elicited lower total spike-specific IgG levels than mRNA vaccines. The pattern of spike-specific IgG subclasses in individuals infected before mRNA vaccinations resembled that of vector-vaccinated subjects or unvaccinated COVID-19 patients. However, the pattern of mRNA-vaccinated individuals without SARS-CoV-2 preinfection showed a markedly different pattern. In addition to IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses presented in all groups, a switch towards distal IgG subclasses (spike-specific IgG4 and IgG2) appeared almost exclusively in individuals who received only mRNA vaccines or were infected after mRNA vaccinations. In these subjects, the magnitude of the spike-specific IgG4 response was comparable to that of the spike-specific IgG1 response. These data suggest that the priming of the immune system either by natural SARS-CoV-2 infection or by vector- or mRNA-based vaccinations has an important impact on the characteristics of the developed specific humoral immunity.
Biodistribution and racemization of gut-absorbed l/d-alanine in germ-free mice
Authors: Qiu Tian , Lee Cindy J. , Huang Chen , Lee Dong-Kyu , Rubakhin Stanislav S. , Romanova Elena V. , Sweedler Jonathan V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicrobiome-derived metabolites are important for the microbiome-gut-brain axis and the discovery of new disease treatments. d-Alanine (d-Ala) is found in many animals as a potential co-agonist of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDAR), receptors widely used in the nervous and endocrine systems. The gut microbiome, diet and putative endogenous synthesis are the potential sources of d-Ala in animals, although there is no direct evidence to show the distribution and racemization of gut-absorbed l-/d-Ala with regards to host-microbe interactions in mammals. In this work, we utilized germ-free mice to control the interference from microbiota and isotopically labeled l-/d-Ala to track their biodistribution and racemization in vivo. Results showed time-dependent biodistribution of gut-absorbed d-Ala, particularly accumulation of gut-absorbed d-Ala in pancreatic tissues, brain, and pituitary. No endogenous synthesis of d-Ala via racemization was observed in germ-free mice. The sources of d-Ala in mice were revealed as microbiota and diet, but not endogenous racemization. This work indicates the importance of further investigating the in vivo biological functions of gut-microbiome derived d-Ala, particularly on NMDAR-related activities, for d-Ala as a potential signaling molecules in the microbiome-gut-brain axis.
Accumulation of rare earth elements in common vine leaves is achieved through extraction from soil and transport in the xylem sap
Authors: Barbera Marcella , Zuddas Pierpaolo , Piazzese Daniela , Oddo Elisabetta , Lopes Fernando , Censi Paolo , Saiano Filippo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRare Earth Elements play a critical role in current clean technologies but face scarcity and environmental challenges in their extraction. Using semi-natural controlled experiments, we tested the ability of V. vinifera L. to accumulate Rare Earth Elements naturally present in the soil. We demonstrate that V. vinifera L. passively transports all Rare Earth Elements from soil to leaves via Xylem-sap mirroring soil conditions. Since this process starts from the fifth month of V. vinifera L. growth without damaging the crops, we. estimate that it is possible to recover 900 milligrams of Rare Earth Elements per hectares from vineyard without harvesting the whole plant. We propose the direct extraction of Rare Earth Elements from leaves overcoming unstainable biomass burning yielding environmental and economic benefits.
Residual Blood in Neonatal Oxygenators After Drainage
Authors: Henrick Basil , Keartland Paul , McCarthy Annette , Daly Liam , Wood A. E. 
Published: August 2023

The objective of this investigation was to measure the quantity of residual blood remaining in neonatal cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuits after they had been drained and to assess the overall significance with regards to total patient blood volume.
The residual blood volume left in three infant/neonatal CPB circuits-Medtronic Minimax 3381 (Group MM; n=5), Polystan Safe Micro (Group SM; n=6), and Terumo Capiox 308 (Group CX; n=3)-after they had been drained was determined. This was done by using an electronic scale to weigh the circuit before setup and after CPB when all possible blood was recovered from it. Total priming volume, estimated patient blood volume, residual blood volume, surgical blood loss in theater, and autogeneic blood usage were recorded in each case.
Mean residual blood volumes measured were MM=161ml (SD 27ml), SM=103ml (SD 19ml), and CX=133ml (SD 15ml). These volumes were significant, because calculations show that the volume of red cells lost in the circuit is equivalent to fourteen percent of the total patient blood volume.
In view of this, neonatal oxygenator design should be minimized to reduce the priming volume and more consideration should be given to ease of residual blood recovery.
An In Vitro Evaluation of a Self-contained Cardioplegia Delivery Device
Authors: Viessman Thomas W. , Stammers Alfred H. , Mejak Brian L. , Vang SeeN. , Rauch Eric D. 
Published: August 2023

Focus on improved myocardial protection has prompted the development of delivery systems which can accommodate the demands of increasingly refined cardioprotective strategies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Sorin Blood Cardioplegia Console™ (BCC) for accuracy and precision in the delivery of cardioplegia solutions. An in vitro model was designed to evaluate the following performance characteristics of the BCC: delivery volume (blood and crystalloid) at 50, 250, 375, and 500 mllmin flow rates; potassium end-delivery concentration at blood: crystalloid ratios of 4:1, 8:1, and 16:1; intermittent cardioplegia delivery; and heat transfer of the internal heater/cooler.
Differences in blood and cardioplegia volumes between measured and calculated values across all flow rates tested were found to be statistically significant and ranged from 1.4 to 21.5 ml; however, the differences were within the accepted variance of the instrument (±5%). Across all tested ratios, the measured end-potassium concentrations were all within 1 mEq of the expected values, except for the 16:1 ratio at 50 ml!min, which had a 2.52 mEq variance. All significant differences were within the accepted variance of the instrument (±5% ). In conclusion, the BCC accurately and delivered cardioplegia volumes and potassium concentrations across all tested conditions with reproducible performance.
Maligne Neoplasien der Orbita
Authors: Bertelmann Eckart , von Sonnleithner Christoph 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungWeil die Erstsymptomatik maligner Neoplasien der Orbita häufig das Auge betrifft
(Exophthalmus, Diplopie, Schmerzen), ist der Augenarzt häufig der erste mit der
Problematik des jeweiligen Krankheitsbildes konfrontierte Arzt, von dessen
Kenntnissen, richtiger Einordnung und richtigen weiteren Entscheidungen die
adäquate weitere Therapiesteuerung und die Prognose des Patienten entscheidend
abhängen.
Energy efficient half-flux-quantum circuit aiming at milli-kelvin stage operation
Authors: Li Feng , Pham Duong , Takeshita Yuto , Higashi Masayuki , Yamashita Taro , Tanaka Masamitsu , Fujimaki Akira 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Half-flux-quantum (HFQ) circuits are based on 0–π superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) and is one of the energy-efficient superconductor digital circuits. The bit energy is determined by the critical current I
cn of 0–π SQUID, which can be easily tuned with the loop inductance and junction critical current. In this work, an alternative π–π–π SQUID is adopted to demonstrate HFQ circuits to simplify the fabrication process and enhance circuit energy efficiency. The properties of superconductor/ferromagnet/insulator/superconductor Josephson junctions (π-JJs) are measured with temperature dependence from 4.2 K down to 10 mK. HFQ toggle flip-flops (TFFs) are successfully demonstrated at frequencies of up to 6.7 GHz and 44.5 GHz at temperatures of 4.2 K and 10 mK, respectively. Comparing the HFQ TFF with its rapid single-flux quantum counterpart under the same fabrication process, it is anticipated that the HFQ TFF will exhibit approximately 70% reduction in both static and dynamic energy dissipation. This research establishes the foundation for developing cryogenic interface control and readout circuits for large-scale quantum computing in the future.
Low velocity impact performance of natural fibre reinforced polymer composites: a review
Authors: Mulla Mohammed Huzaifa , Norizan Mohd Nurazzi , Abdullah Che Ku , Mohd Rawi Nurul Fazita , Mohamad Kassim Mohamad Haafiz , Abdullah Norli , Faiz Norrrahim Mohd Nor , Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites (NFRPC) are versatile and applicable materials for structural applications that require durability and reliability under various forces. However, these composites are susceptible to crack formation when exposed to low-velocity impact (LVI) loads, compromising their functionality and performance. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the influence of LVI on NFRPC and their characterization methods, testing standards, and failure mechanisms. This paper reviews the latest research and development on the characterization, testing, and modelling of NFRPCs under LVI loads. It also explores the impact behaviour of various natural fibres, such as kenaf, bamboo, mallow, buriti, and curaua, and the effect of fibre hybridization and nanofiller incorporation on the LVI response of NFRPCs. The paper evaluates the properties, failure mechanisms, and applications of NFRPCs in relation to LVI resistance. The paper provides useful information for developing advanced composite systems and achieving material efficiency for various structural applications. Finally, it highlights the potential applications and challenges of NFRPC as LVI-resistant materials for advanced composite systems.
Barriers to High-quality Therapy Services for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: An Analysis of Street-level Policy Practice of Therapy Service Organisations in China
Authors: Liu Ying , Fisher Karen R 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Social workers with children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) should assist them to have timely access to high-quality therapy services. This research addresses the gap between policy intention to improve the quality of therapy services and families’ unmet needs by examining the policy implementation practices of therapy service organisations. A longitudinal study was conducted in Beijing from 2013 to 2022. Qualitative data were obtained from policy documents and interviews with the managers of therapy service organisations (n = 17), therapists (n = 19) and families of children with ASD (n = 35). It found that the government policies created service challenges for the organisations. Managers adopted a short-term focus on organisational survival due to inadequate resources to implement the policy, intensified competition for therapists and service users and pressure from performance measurement. They focused on improving the sites, facilities, publicity and documentation of the organisations rather than the effectiveness of therapy services. Consequently, families still felt they were unable to access good quality therapy. The implications reinforce the significance for social workers to work with the government to actively supporting the training of therapists, establishing meaningful service quality measurement and promoting practical guidance about service quality standards to families of children with ASD.
Listening in Mental Health Clinical Practice
Authors: Aadam Bani , Poon Abner Weng Cheong , Fernandez Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In mental health clinical practice, listening is viewed as a fundamental skill that clinicians should possess to support service users and enable recovery. Given its importance, this review sought to explore how listening is understood in mental health clinical practice. A scoping review was conducted to search for peer-reviewed articles reporting on literary and empirical studies. The search covered five databases (JSTOR, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Google Scholar) and the International Journal of Listening. A total of nineteen articles published from 2000 to 2022 were included for analysis. Thematic analysis was used to identify relevant themes. Findings showed that although listening was seen as critical to mental health treatment and care, little had been done to deconstruct the concept, examine the way it was practised and empirically verify its use. Further, listening was described and used differently, not only across different mental health professions but even within the same profession, between practitioners. This article will discuss these variations and how certain listening types can improve the therapeutic encounter. It will further look at whether listening can be regarded as a virtuous professional characteristic trait in achieving professional role responsibilities in social work.
Observational studies of treatment effectiveness in neurology
Authors: Kalincik Tomas , Roos Izanne , Sharmin Sifat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The capacity and power of data from cohorts, registries and randomized trials to provide answers to contemporary clinical questions in neurology has increased considerably over the past two decades. Novel sophisticated statistical methods are enabling us to harness these data to guide treatment decisions, but their complexity is making appraisal of clinical evidence increasingly demanding.
In this review, we discuss several methodological aspects of contemporary research of treatment effectiveness in observational data in neurology, aimed at academic neurologists and analysts specializing in outcomes research. The review discusses specifics of the sources of observational data and their key features. It focuses on the limitations of observational data and study design, as well as statistical approaches aimed to overcome these limitations. Among the examples of leading clinical themes typically studied with analyses of observational data, the review discusses methodological approaches to comparative treatment effectiveness, development of diagnostic criteria and definitions of clinical outcomes. Finally, this review provides a brief summary of key points that will help clinical audience critically evaluate design and analytical aspects of studies of disease outcomes using observational data.
The FSHD muscle–blood biomarker: a circulating transcriptomic biomarker for clinical severity in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy
Authors: Banerji Christopher R S , Greco Anna , Joosten Leo A B , van Engelen Baziel G M , Zammit Peter S 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFacioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is a prevalent, incurable skeletal myopathy. Clinical trials for FSHD are hindered by heterogeneous biomarkers poorly associated with clinical severity, requiring invasive muscle biopsy. Macroscopically, FSHD presents with slow fatty replacement of muscle, rapidly accelerated by inflammation. Mis-expression of the transcription factor DUX4 is currently accepted to underlie pathogenesis, and mechanisms including PAX7 target gene repression have been proposed. Here, we performed RNA-sequencing on MRI-guided inflamed and isogenic non-inflamed muscle biopsies from the same clinically characterized FSHD patients (n = 24), alongside isogenic peripheral blood mononucleated cells from a subset of patients (n = 13) and unaffected controls (n = 11). Multivariate models were employed to evaluate the clinical associations of five published FSHD transcriptomic biomarkers. We demonstrated that PAX7 target gene repression can discriminate control, inflamed and non-inflamed FSHD muscle independently of age and sex (P &lt; 0.013), while the discriminatory power of DUX4 target genes was limited to distinguishing FSHD muscle from control. Importantly, the level of PAX7 target gene repression in non-inflamed muscle associated with clinical assessments of FSHD severity (P = 0.04). DUX4 target gene biomarkers in FSHD muscle showed associations with lower limb fat fraction and D4Z4 array length but not clinical assessment. Lastly, PAX7 target gene repression in FSHD muscle correlated with the level in isogenic peripheral blood mononucleated cells (P = 0.002). A refined PAX7 target gene biomarker comprising 143/601 PAX7 target genes computed in peripheral blood (the FSHD muscle–blood biomarker) associated with clinical severity in FSHD patients (P &lt; 0.036). Our new circulating biomarker validates as a classifier of clinical severity in an independent data set of 54 FSHD patient and 29 matched control blood samples, with improved power in older patients (P = 0.03). In summary, we present the minimally invasive FSHD muscle–blood biomarker of FSHD clinical severity valid in patient muscle and blood, of potential use in routine disease monitoring and clinical trials.
Management of hypertension in patients with cancer: challenges and considerations
Authors: Pandey Shubhi , Kalaria Amar , Jhaveri Kenar D , Herrmann Sandra M , Kim Agnes S 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
The survival rates of many cancers have significantly improved due to recent advancements in cancer screening and therapeutics. Although better cancer outcomes are encouraging, additional health challenges have surfaced, the utmost of which is the burden imposed by various cardiovascular and renal toxicities of anticancer therapies. To improve the overall outcome of patients with cancer, it is essential to understand and manage these treatment-related adverse effects. The cardiovascular side effects of antineoplastic therapies are well-known and include left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, myocardial ischaemia, QT prolongation, arrhythmia and hypertension. Among these, hypertension is the most common complication, prevalent in about 40% of all cancer patients, yet frequently overlooked and undertreated. This review explores the intricate connection between cancer and hypertension and provides distinct approaches to diagnosing, monitoring and managing hypertension in patients with cancer. We also outline the challenges and considerations that are relevant to the care of patients receiving anticancer drugs with prohypertensive potential.
Unexpected deformation of the right coronary artery during percutaneous coronary intervention with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with Impella: a case report
Authors: Sugane Hiroki , Hoji Haruki , Kawai Kazuya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The establishment of cautionary notes regarding percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with Impella (ECMELLA) is still lacking.

Case summary
A 68-year-old man was transferred to our hospital with cardiac arrest. ECMELLA insertion was performed via the bilateral femoral artery and vein for refractory ventricular fibrillation. Coronary angiography revealed an occluded lesion in the right coronary artery (RCA). Contrast injection was administered after confirming backflow through the guide catheter (GC) to avoid coronary dissection because the artery pressure was non-pulsatile during total circulation support. Prudent coronary angiography revealed a couple of accordion phenomena. Additionally, coronary angiography showed a shorter distance from the right border of the cardiac silhouette to the RCA and the venous line of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation than before PCI. This drastic change in the cardiac silhouette suggested that ECMELLA induced the collapse of the right heart system. Subsequently, a drug-eluting stent was implanted successfully. Final coronary angiography confirmed severe bending in the proximal segment of the RCA, which was absent in the reference coronary angiography. The patient had an uneventful course except for mild cognitive impairment. The computed tomography coronary angiography after ECMELLA removal indicated the RCA without deformation.

Discussion
In the present case, the collapse of the right heart system caused by ECMELLA resulted in RCA deformation. This case also underscored that contrast injection to the coronary artery in total circulation support should be administered after confirmation of backflow through a GC.
Organizational factors associated with primary care nurses’ self-efficacy in pandemic response: a multilevel study in China
Authors: Xu Tiange , Mitchell Rebecca , Wang Wenhua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Building primary care nurses’ self-efficacy in the pandemic response has great potential to improve their well-being and work performance. We identified the organizational factors associated with their self-efficacy in pandemic response and propose potential management levers to guide primary care response for the pandemic.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional survey with 175 nurses working in 38 community health centres varying in size and ownership in Shanghai, Shenzhen, Tianjin, and Jinan. Guided by self-efficacy theory, 4 nurse-level factors and 2 organization-level factors were selected, and a linear regression model accounting for the cluster–robust standard errors was built to examine their association with primary care nurses’ self-efficacy in the pandemic response.

Results
Primary care nurses exhibited a high level of self-efficacy in responding to the pandemic (mean = 4.34, range: 0–5). For nurse-level factors, with a 1-point increase in job skill variety, job autonomy, work stress and perceived organizational support, primary care nurses’ pandemic response self-efficacy increased by 0.193 points, 0.127 points, 0.156 points, and 0.107 points, respectively. Concerning organization-level factors, each point of improvement in organizational structure, representing higher mechanical organizational structure, was associated with a 0.145-point increase in nurses’ self-efficacy.

Conclusions
Our study added the knowledge of organizational factors’ impact on the pandemic response self-efficacy among primary care nurses and identified the potential management levers for frontline primary care managers to build primary care nurses’ self-efficacy in the pandemic response.