bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel STING agonist with systemic and durable anti‐tumour activity
Authors: Wang Xiyuan , Shen Ancheng , Zhang Yan , Chen Xiaoxu , Ding Jian , Zhang Ao , Geng Meiyu , Ding Chunyong , Xie Zuoquan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundStimulator of interferon genes (STING) has emerged as a crucial and promising target in tumor immunotherapy in recent years. Its agonists play a vital role in activating both innate and adaptive immune responses to combat cancer. Currently, STING agonists are primarily administered through intratumoral or intravenous injection, with only a few could be administered by orally. Therefore, orally available STING agonists are urgently needed to be developed.Approach and resultsBased on previous structure‐activity relationship (SAR) studies, we made a structure modification to MSA‐2 by replacing the carbonyl group with a difluoromethylene to get a new compound 202 (C202) that exhibited better plasma exposure and oral bioavailability than MSA‐2. Thus, we conducted extensive pharmacological evaluations to understand its effects. C202 demonstrated the ability to activate various human STING isoforms and murine STING protein, showcasing a potent and specific activation of the STING signalling pathway at cellular level. In diverse immunocompetent mouse models representing both ‘cold’ and ‘hot’ tumors, C202, whether administered intratumorally or orally, displayed broad‐spectrum anti‐tumor activity. Encouragingly, it induced complete tumor regression in several tumor models of mice and stimulated immune memory effects, contributing to long‐term immune response against cancer. Additionally, our investigations into the impact of C202 on the tumor microenvironment found that it enhanced the anti‐tumor response of both innate and adaptive immune systems, bolstering the immune‐mediated fight against tumors. Furthermore, we made an intriguing observation regarding C202's synergistic effects. It was found to enhance the anti‐tumor activity of chemotherapy drug gemcitabine and the angiogenesis inhibitor AL3810, which provide potential combination therapies in future translational studies.ConclusionsOur research highlights C202 as a novel STING agonist with durable anti‐tumor activity that can be administered orally, presenting a promising candidate for cancer immunotherapy.
Adaptive rate energy‐saving data collecting technique for health monitoring in wireless body sensor networks
Authors: Shawqi Jaber Alaa , Kadhum Idrees Ali 
Published: September 2023

SummaryOne of the best and cheapest solutions for continuous and remote monitoring and evaluation of patient health is to use the WBSNs (wireless body sensor networks) due to its great role in decreasing the expenses of the health care system. In this type of network, the sensed vital signs are gathered by biosensor devices then transmitted to the coordinator for further processing and fusion. Since the limited resources for biosensor devices (energy, memory, and processing) in addition to the periodic transmission for the large volume of data, it is essential to optimize the data transmission to save energy while keeping the data accuracy at the coordinator. This work suggests an AREDaCoT (adaptive rate energy‐saving data collecting technique) which aims to energy‐efficient patient health monitoring in periodic WBSNs. The AREDaCoT works in terms of so‐called periods. Each period has two stages: removing redundancy and adapting the sampling rate. The first stage uses improved LED to remove the redundancy in measurement of vital signs, whereas the second stage applies two techniques, assesses the risk score according to the risk level of the patient and the CSr (calibrate sampling rate) fittingly with different ranges of risk level for the sensor sampling ratio to be adapted. The performance of AREDaCoT has been evaluated in light of multiple series of simulations on real health datasets being compared to an existing approach. The acquired results illustrate how AREDaCoT decreases the volume of gathered data; thus, a significant energy saving has been made whilst preserving data accuracy and integrity. Moreover, the percentage results of data reduction over the original data set and the score differences between them are both acceptable.
An adaptive and secure traffic information forwarding mechanism in Internet of Vehicles
Authors: Fan Na , Duan Zongtao , Wu Chase Q. , Zhu Guangyuan , Yang Jingze , Zhu Yishui 
Published: September 2023

SummaryTraffic information of disparate types in Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is the basis for supporting various IoV applications. Since traffic flows vary in real time, it is challenging to carry out efficient and reliable transfer of such information. Moreover, IoV is vulnerable to security threats due to its inherent properties such as dynamically changing topology and high‐speed motion of vehicles. Attacks, once launched successfully, would also disrupt message transmission between vehicles. We propose an adaptive traffic information forwarding mechanism, which divides traffic information in two categories, that is, early warning information and service information. The former is handled by selecting a relay node based on node connection stability evaluation, while the latter is handled by adopting an appropriate forwarding method according to the identified traffic flow density. Specifically, in a low‐density environment, we employ a broadcast method; while in a high‐density environment, we evaluate the cognitive interaction values of vehicle nodes and employ a cognitive interaction‐based method to select a relay node. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism improves the forwarding efficiency of traffic information and yields satisfactory performance in mitigating black hole attacks.
Modified Bayesian algorithm‐based compressive sampling for wideband spectrum sensing in cognitive radio network using wavelet transform
Authors: Nigam Rohit , Pawar Santosh , Sharma Manish 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThis paper presents the implementation of a modified version of Bayesian relevance vector machine (RVM)‐based compressive sensing method on cognitive radio network with wavelet transform for spectrum hole detection. Bayesian compressive sensing is used in this work to deal with the complexity and uncertainty of the process. The dependency of the Bayesian compressive sensing on the knowledge of noise levels in the measurement has been relaxed through the proposed Bayesian RVM‐based compressive sensing algorithm. This technique recovers the wideband signals even with fewer measurements maintaining considerably good accuracy and speed. Wavelet transform is used in this paper to enable the detection of primary user (PU) even in the low regulated transmission from unlicensed user. The advantage of this approach lies in the fact that it enables the evaluation of all possible hypotheses simultaneously in the global optimization framework. Simulation study is performed to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed technique over the cognitive radio environment. The performance of the proposed technique is compared with the conventional Bayesian approach on the basis of recovery error, recovery time and covariance to verify its superiority.
Convergence of user and service provider perspectives in mobile cloud computing environment: Taxonomy and challenges
Authors: Kumar Jitender , Rani Amita , Dhurandher Sanjay K. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryMobile cloud computing (MCC) has been introduced with the intuition to ascertain the computing requirements of resource constraint smart mobile devices (SMDs). Meanwhile, the research community has put forward a wide variety of solutions by independently considering the operational issues of cloud service user (CSU) side (e.g., when to offload) and cloud service provider (CSP) side (e.g., where to deploy the cloud data centers). As the MCC will evolve, the decision regarding the adoption of a solution at one end would likely rely on the features supported or required from the other side; for example, a CSU might decide to offload the execution of delay‐sensitive applications only if the CSP deploys the cloud data centers in his/her proximity. The identification and convergence of such dependencies are vital for flourishing the MCC. However, a cognitive representation of CSU and CSP side research proposals can only aid in the identification of such dependencies. In this paper, we develop a thematic taxonomy of the current CSU side as well as CSP side frameworks. Further, we review the current CSU side and CSP side frameworks by using the thematic taxonomy and analyze the implications as well as critical aspects of proposed solutions. We also outline the potential dependencies between the solutions of both sides. These dependencies are derived on the basis of elicited taxonomy. Finally, we put forward open research challenges that demand future efforts for the seamless integration of CSU side perspectives and CSP side perspectives.
An independent three‐factor mutual authentication and key agreement scheme with privacy preserving for multiserver environment and a survey
Authors: Chuang Yun‐Hsin , Lei Chin‐Laung 
Published: September 2023

SummaryIn the past decades, the demand for remote mutual authentication and key agreement (MAKA) scheme with privacy preserving grows rapidly with the rise of the right to privacy and the development of wireless networks and Internet of Things (IoT). Numerous remote MAKA schemes are proposed for various purposes, and they have different properties. In this paper, we survey 49 three‐factor–based remote MAKA schemes with privacy preserving from 2013 to 2019. None of them can simultaneously achieve security, suitability for multiserver environments, user anonymity, user untraceability, table free, public key management free, and independent authentication. Therefore, we propose an efficient three‐factor MAKA scheme, which achieves all the properties. We propose a security model of a three‐factor–based MAKA scheme with user anonymity for multiserver environments and formally prove that our scheme is secure under the elliptic curve computational Diffie‐Hellman problem assumption, decisional bilinear Diffie‐Hellman problem assumption, and hash function assumption. We compare the proposed scheme to relevant schemes to show our contribution and also show that our scheme is sufficiently efficient for low‐power portable mobile devices.
Measurements of electrical resistances and investigations of factors affecting corrosion and breakages of shielding layers in extruded three‐layer 6.6 kV XLPE cables
Authors: Kurihara Takashi , Kimura Kenichi , Watanabe Takuya , Sato Tomoyuki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCorrosion and breakages of shielding layers are one of the factors for degradation of extruded three‐layer (E‐E type) 6.6 kV cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables. Tohoku Electric Power Network has been measuring electrical resistances of shielding layers in E‐E type 6.6 kV XLPE cables, and recently has found breakages of shielding layers. The authors performed an accelerated degradation test for shielding layers of E‐E type 6.6 kV XLPE cables by taking account of aqueous solution, temperature, heat cycles, bending stress, frequency of an applied voltage, and water‐proof layer in the test conditions, and investigated factors affecting corrosion and breakages of shielding layers. Corrosion, cracks, and breakages were found on shielding layers in the cables without water‐proof layer, but no crack was found in the cables with water‐proof layer, when heat cycles were applied to the cables, and shielding layers were supplied with artificial sea water. We investigated the suppressive effect of the cables with water‐proof layer on cracks and breakages of shielding layers by measuring tensile strengths of copper tapes obtained from the shielding layers of the cables with and without water‐proof layers.
Underdiagnosed Roifman syndrome manifested as non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy: a case report
Authors: Xi Qianlan , Plaza Enriquez Leidy J. , Tanni Nusrat Uddin , Patsias Iani 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRoifman syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by growth retardation, cognitive delay, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, immunodeficiency, and retinal dystrophy. However, very rarely, with only one case reported to date, a patient with Roifman syndrome may develop cardiomyopathy in their lifetime. We reported a case with underdiagnosed Roifman syndrome confirmed by whole genome sequencing, manifested as non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy, which has broadened the association between non‐ischaemic cardiomyopathy and the genetic disorder Roifman syndrome. We also underscored that cardiomyopathy might be part of the clinical manifestations of Roifman syndrome and the importance of whole genome sequencing for diagnosis, as RNU4ATAC is not targeted by many commercially available exome capture kits.
Associations between baseline heart rate and blood pressure and time to events in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patients: Data from the QUALIFY international registry
Authors: Abdin Amr , Anker Stefan D. , Cowie Martin R. , Filippatos Gerasimos S. , Ponikowski Piotr , Tavazzi Luigi , Schöpe Jakob , Wagenpfeil Stefan , Komajda Michel , Böhm Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsA high resting heart rate (RHR) and low systolic blood pressure (SBP) are a risk factor and a risk indicator, respectively, for poor heart failure (HF) outcomes. This analysis evaluated the associations between baseline RHR and SBP with outcomes and treatment patterns in patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in the QUALIFY (QUality of Adherence to guideline recommendations for LIFe‐saving treatment in heart failure surveY) international registry.Methods and resultsBetween September 2013 and December 2014, 7317 HFrEF patients with a previous HF hospitalization within 1–15 months were enrolled in the QUALIFY registry. Complete follow‐up data were available for 5138 patients. The relationships between RHR and SBP and outcomes were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model and were analysed according to baseline values as high RHR (H‐RHR) ≥75 bpm versus low RHR (L‐RHR) <75 bpm and high SBP (H‐SBP) ≥110 mmHg versus low SBP (L‐SBP) <110 mmHg and analysed according to each of the following four phenotypes: H‐RHR/L‐SBP, L‐RHR/L‐SBP, H‐RHR/H‐SBP and L‐RHR/H‐SBP (reference group). Compared to the reference group, H‐RHR/L‐SBP was associated with the worst outcomes for the combined primary endpoint of cardiovascular death and HF hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR] 1.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.51–2.21, p < 0.001), cardiovascular death (HR 2.70, 95% CI 1.69–4.33, p < 0.001), and HF hospitalization (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.30–2.01, p < 0.001). Low‐risk patients with L‐RHR/H‐SBP achieved more frequently ≥50% of target doses of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and beta‐blockers (BBs) than the other groups. However, 48% and 46% of low‐risk patients were not well treated with ACEIs and BBs, respectively (≤50% of target dose or no treatment).ConclusionIn patients with HFrEF and recent hospitalization, elevated RHR and lower SBP identify patients at increased risk for cardiovascular endpoints. While SBP and RHR are often recognized as barriers that deter physicians from treating with high doses of recommended drugs, they are not the only reason leaving many patients suboptimally treated.
Time series prediction model based on autoregression weight network
Authors: Li Zhenpeng , Qian Xu , Li Luo , Xia Zhile 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe propose an autoregressive weighted network (ARWNet) time series forecasting model inspired by the idea of ensemble learning. The model adopts the classical autoregressive analysis to optimize weak learners. Meanwhile, the combined weight optimization method is used to construct an efficient, strong learner. With these methodological foundations, the scalability of the framework is greatly enhanced by the possibility of experimenting with other learners to assist in decision‐making. Machine learning can provide great utility and acceptable cost in the prediction process of electricity transformers. Over the years, many research papers on time series prediction have been reported. This work will focus on the analysis using the potential properties in the series: long‐term, continuity, periodicity, and delay. In our experiments, the ETT‐small dataset is used to compare the prediction accuracy of ARWNet and other mainstream models. All results suggest that the proposed ARWNet model demonstrates strong generalization ability and high predicting accuracy with delay characteristics, which outperform current popular time‐series prediction methods.
Thermal analysis of a cascaded latent thermal storage tank in a solar domestic water heating system
Authors: Elbahjaoui Radouane , Hanchi Nisrine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo enhance the thermal characteristics of a solar collector storage system, this study investigates the performance of a rectangular thermal energy storage (TES) tank by incorporating cascade phase change materials (cascade‐PCMs). Three different commercially available PCMs (RT44HC, RT54HC, and RT62HC) with distinct melting temperatures are employed. These cascade‐PCMs are utilized as slabs in vertical rectangular modules, which are integrated into the water TES tank. The heat transfer fluid (HTF) in the flat‐plate solar collector captures solar energy and transfers it to the TES tank, where it is stored as latent thermal energy. A two‐dimensional (2D) numerical model, utilizing the enthalpy‐porosity approach and conservation equations, is developed to analyze the melting and heat transfer processes within the TES tank. The model is validated against previous experimental and numerical data. Performance evaluation of the cascade‐PCMs tank is conducted during a 9‐h charging period (from 8:00 am to 5:00 pm) under Marrakesh weather conditions in Morocco. An optimization study is carried out to determine the optimal height of each cascade‐PCM. The results suggest that an optimal design with heights of 23, 16, and 11 cm for RT44HC, RT54HC, and RT62HC respectively, offers improved melting and storage quality. The thermal characteristics of the TES tank incorporating cascade‐PCMs are compared to those of a TES tank filled with a single phase change material (single‐PCM) during the charging period. The findings indicate that the cascade‐PCMs achieve complete melting, while the single‐PCM only reaches a melting fraction of 0.903 at the end of the charging process. Furthermore, the optimal configuration of the cascade‐PCMs storage tank exhibits slightly higher sensible and latent thermal energy storage capacity compared to the single‐PCM tank. The combination of the solar collector with the cascade‐PCMs storage tank results in a 3.47% higher average collection efficiency when compared to the single‐PCM tank.
A Streamlined, Safe and Sustainable Process for Gemlapodect
Authors: Fantasia Serena , Bartels Björn , Bliss Fritz , Koch Fritz , Scalone Michelangelo , Spiess Daniel , Steiner Markus , Wang Shaoning , Püntener Kurt 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe research efforts to attain a suitable process for the timely delivery of Gemlapodect for initial toxicological and phase 1/2 clinical studies are described. The original discovery chemistry route was hampered by considerable safety issues and low overall yield. The safety issues were solved by the introduction of a copper‐catalyzed oxidative cyclization while a novel process for the synthesis of the pyrazole building block as well as the implementation of a palladium‐catalyzed coupling between the pyrazole amide and the bromo‐triazolopyridine scaffolds contributed to improve the route efficiency. Overall, a safe and sustainable process was attained that allowed the production of up to 19.2 kg of drug substance with a reduced number of steps and an increased overall yield.
The cancer burden in the oldest‐old: Increasing numbers and disparities—A nationwide study in the Netherlands, 1990 to 2019
Authors: Schuurman Melinda S. , Lemmens Valery E. P. P. , Portielje Johanneke E. A. , van der Aa Maaike A. , Visser Otto , Dinmohamed Avinash G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdults aged ≥80 years (the oldest‐old) comprise the fastest growing age group in Western populations. Yet little is known about their cancer burden. In this nationwide study, we assessed their trends in incidence, treatment and survival over a 30‐year period, and predicted their future cancer incidence. All 2 468 695 incident cancer cases during 1990 to 2019 were selected from the Netherlands Cancer Registry, of whom 386 611 were diagnosed in the oldest‐old (16%). The incidence of the oldest‐old was predicted until 2032. Net and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Patients were divided into four age groups (<80, 80‐84, 85‐89 and ≥90 years). The incidence of the oldest‐old doubled between 1990 and 2019 and is expected to grow annually with 5% up to 2032. In virtually all cancers the share of oldest‐old patients grew, but declined for prostate cancer (25% in 1990‐1994 vs 13% in 2015‐2019). The proportion of undetermined disease stage increased with age in most cancers. The application of systemic therapy increased, albeit less pronounced in the oldest‐old than their younger counterparts (1990 vs 2019: 12%‐34%, 3%‐15%, 2%‐7% and 1%‐3% in <80, 80‐84, 85‐89 and ≥90 years old). Five‐year OS of the oldest‐old patients increased by 7 percentage points (to 26%) between 1990 to 1994 and 2015 to 2019 compared to 19 percentage points (to 63%) in <80 years old. The oldest‐old cancer patients are a rapidly growing group who benefitted less from improvements in cancer treatment than younger patients, reflecting the multiple challenges faced in the care of the oldest‐old.
A case of one‐stage laparoscopic drainage and ureterocystoneostomy for iatrogenic ureteral injury associated with infected urinoma
Authors: Takahashi Toshifumi , Maruno Kouhei , Hazama Tatsuya , Ota Hideto , Yamada Yuya , Nakashima Masakazu , Kikkawa Kazuro , Tamaki Masahiro , Ito Noriyuki 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionIatrogenic ureteral injury is a rare but often encountered complication of abdominal and gynecological surgery. This is a case of iatrogenic ureteral injury with infected urinoma treated with one‐stage laparoscopic drainage and ureterocystoneostomy.Case presentationAn 80‐year‐old man with rectal cancer had robot‐assisted low anterior rectum resection and left lateral lymph node dissection after colostomy and preoperative chemoradiotherapy. On the 14th postoperative day, he had a fever, and a noncontrast‐enhanced computed tomography scan revealed a low‐density polycystic area in the left pelvic cavity. Retrograde pyelography revealed contrast medium leaking from the left lower ureter, preventing ureteral stent placement. We identified it as a delayed ureteral injury with infected urinoma and performed laparoscopic one‐stage drainage and ureterocystoneostomy.ConclusionThis study reported a case of one‐stage laparoscopic drainage and ureterocystoneostomy for iatrogenic ureteral injury with infected urinoma.
Standards of practice for clinical pharmacists
Authors:   American College of Clinical Pharmacy
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis document sets forth ACCP's expectations for clinical pharmacists within the United States and countries around the world where clinical pharmacy is emerging or already well established. It is also intended to serve as a reference for those designing and assessing clinical pharmacy education and training programs. In addition to articulating the clinical pharmacist's process of care, the eight standards described within address the clinical pharmacist's involvement in collaborative team‐based, patient‐centered care; credentialing and privileging; professional development and maintenance of competence; professionalism and ethics; research and scholarship; and other professional responsibilities. The standards define for the public, healthcare professionals, and policymakers what they can and should expect of clinical pharmacists.