bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of dementia on all-cause mortality in hip fracture surgery: a retrospective study on a nationwide Korean cohort
Authors: Jeong Sung Hoon , Lee Hyeon Ji , Kim Seung Hoon , Park Eun-Cheol , Jang Suk-Yong 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the effect of dementia on the 1-year all-cause mortality in elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery, using a nationwide cohort in Korea.Design, setting, and participantsThis was a nationwide, retrospective study. Elderly patients (≥60 years) with and without dementia who underwent hip fracture surgery between January 2005 and December 2012 were distinguished using the data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior cohort.InterventionsNone.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe mortality rates with 95% CIs and the impact of dementia on all-cause mortality were calculated using a generalised linear model with Poisson distribution and a multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, respectively.ResultsAmong the 10 833 patients who underwent hip fracture surgery, 13.4% were diagnosed with dementia. During the 1-year follow-up period, 1586 patients with hip fracture without dementia died in 8356.5 person-years (incidence rate (IR)=189.2 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 179.91 to 198.99), while 340 deaths were confirmed in patients with hip fracture with dementia in 1240.8 person-years (IR, 273.1 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 244.94 to 304.58). Patients with hip fracture and dementia were 1.23 times more likely to die than those in the control group in the same period (HR=1.23, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.39).ConclusionDementia is a risk factor for 1-year all-cause mortality after hip fracture surgery. To improve the postoperative outcomes of patients with dementia who have undergone hip fracture surgery, effective treatment models such as multidisciplinary diagnosis and strategic rehabilitation should be established.
Rationale and Design of the Rivaroxaban Post-Transradial Access for the Prevention of Radial Artery Occlusion Trial (CAPITAL-RAPTOR)
Authors: Di Santo Pietro , Abdel-Razek Omar , Jung Richard , Parlow Simon , Poulin Anthony , Bernick Jordan , Morgan Baylie , Robinson Lisa , Feagan Hannah , Wade Jilliane , Goh Cheng Yee , Singh Kuljit , Froeschl Michael , Labinaz Marino , Fergusson Dean A , Coyle Doug , Kyeremanteng Kwadwo , Abunassar Joseph , Wells George A , Simard Trevor , Hibbert Benjamin 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionTransradial access (TRA) has rapidly emerged as the preferred vascular access site for coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention. Radial artery occlusion (RAO) remains as an important complication of TRA as it precludes future ipsilateral transradial procedures. While intraprocedural anticoagulation has been studied extensively, the definitive role of postprocedural anticoagulation has not yet been established.Methods and analysisThe Rivaroxaban Post-Transradial Access for the Prevention of Radial Artery Occlusion trial is a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint design study investigating the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban to reduce the incidence of RAO. Eligible patients will undergo randomisation to receive either rivaroxaban 15 mg once daily for 7 days or to no additional postprocedural anticoagulation. Doppler ultrasound to assess radial artery patency will be performed at 30 days.Ethics and disseminationThe study protocol has been approved by the Ottawa Health Science Network Research Ethics Board (approval number 20180319-01H). The study results will be disseminated via conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications.Trial registration numberNCT03630055.
Utilisation and time to performance of diagnostic imaging in patients admitted to Danish emergency departments: a nationwide register-based study from 2007 to 2017
Authors: Christiansen Nanna Marie , Brabrand Mikkel , Fløjstrup Marianne , Bech Mickael , Lassen Annmarie Touborg , Mogensen Christian Backer , Bogh Søren Bie 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo describe the development of diagnostic imaging utilisation in Denmark from 2007 to 2017, coinciding with a major national reform of the emergency healthcare system.DesignNationwide descriptive register-based study.SettingAll public hospitals in Denmark.ParticipantsAll unplanned hospital contacts ≥18 years old at somatic hospitals in Denmark from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2017.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was the probability of having CT, X-ray, MRI or ultrasound performed during hospitalisation in 2017 compared with 2007. The secondary outcome measure was receiving diagnostic imaging within 4 hours of hospitalisation.ResultsThe probability of having a radiological examination during unplanned hospital admission increased from 2007 to 2017 (CT: 3.5%–10.3%; MRI: 0.2%–0.8%; ultrasound: 2.3%–4.5%; X-ray: 23.8%–26.8%). For CT scan, the adjusted OR was 3.09 (95% CI: 2.73, 3.51); for MRI, the adjusted OR was 3.39 (95% CI: 1.87, 6.12) and for ultrasound, the adjusted OR was 1.93 (95% CI: 1.56, 2.38). The likelihood of having the examination within the first 4 hours in the hospital increased from 2007 to 2017. For X-ray, the adjusted OR was 1.39 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.56); for CT scan, the adjusted OR was 1.35 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.59); for MRI, the adjusted OR was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.66) and for ultrasound, the adjusted OR was 1.38 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.64).ConclusionThis nationwide study describes the development of diagnostic imaging utilisation in Denmark from 2007 to 2017. The probability of receiving radiological examinations during unplanned hospitalisation increased over this period, and the time from hospital contact to performance decreased. This supports the notion that enhancement in radiological equipment will also lead to more frequent and faster utilisation.
Risk prediction score for clinical outcome in atrial fibrillation and stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Ishii Masanobu , Kaikita Koichi , Yasuda Satoshi , Akao Masaharu , Ako Junya , Matoba Tetsuya , Nakamura Masato , Miyauchi Katsumi , Hagiwara Nobuhisa , Kimura Kazuo , Hirayama Atsushi , Nishihara Eiichiro , Nakamura Shinichiro , Matsui Kunihiko , Ogawa Hisao , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveAntithrombotic therapy is essential for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and stable coronary artery disease (CAD) because of the high risk of thrombosis, whereas a combination of antiplatelets and anticoagulants is associated with a high risk of bleeding. We sought to develop and validate a machine-learning-based model to predict future adverse events.MethodsData from 2215 patients with AF and stable CAD enrolled in the Atrial Fibrillation and Ischaemic Events With Rivaroxaban in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease trial were randomly assigned to the development and validation cohorts. Using the random survival forest (RSF) and Cox regression models, risk scores were developed for net adverse clinical events (NACE) defined as all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke or major bleeding.ResultsUsing variables selected by the Boruta algorithm, RSF and Cox models demonstrated acceptable discrimination and calibration in the validation cohort. Using the variables weighted by HR (age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, alcohol consumption, creatinine clearance, heart failure, diabetes, antiplatelet use and AF type), an integer-based risk score for NACE was developed and classified patients into three risk groups: low (0–4 points), intermediate (5–8) and high (≥9). In both cohorts, the integer-based risk score performed well, with acceptable discrimination (area under the curve 0.70 and 0.66, respectively) and calibration (p>0.40 for both). Decision curve analysis showed the superior net benefits of the risk score.ConclusionsThis risk score can predict the risk of NACE in patients with AF and stable CAD.Trial registration numbersUMIN000016612,NCT02642419.
Impact of aortic valve replacement in symptomatic low-risk patients with less than severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Ito Saki , Laham Roger , Nkomo Vuyisile T , Forrest John K , Reardon Michael J , Little Stephen H , Mumtaz Mubashir , Gada Hemal , Bajwa Tanvir , Langholz David , Heiser John , Chawla Atul , Jenson Bart , Attizanni Guilherme , Markowitz Alan H , Huang Jian , Oh Jae K 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate whether transcatheter or surgical aortic valve replacement (TAVR or SAVR) affects clinical and haemodynamic outcomes in symptomatic patients with moderately-severe aortic stenosis (AS).MethodsEchocardiographic evidence of severe AS for enrolment in the Evolut Low Risk trial was based on site-reported measurements. For this post hoc analysis, core laboratory measurements identified patients with symptomatic moderately-severe AS (1.0<aortic valve area (AVA)<1.5 cm2, 3.0<peak velocity<4.0 m/s and 20≤mean gradient (MG) <40 mm Hg). Clinical outcomes were reported through 2 years.ResultsModerately-severe AS was identified in 113 out of 1414 patients (8%). Baseline AVA was 1.1±0.1 cm2, peak velocity 3.7±0.2 m/s, MG 32.7±4.8 mm Hg and aortic valve calcium volume 588 (364, 815) mm3. Valve haemodynamics improved following TAVR (AVA 2.5±0.7 cm2, peak velocity 1.9±0.5 m/s and MG 8.4±4.8 mm Hg; p<0.001 for all) and SAVR (AVA 2.0±0.6 cm2, peak velocity 2.1±0.4 m/s and MG 10.0±3.4 mm Hg; p<0.001 for all). At 24 months, the rates of death or disabling stroke were similar (TAVR 7.7% vs SAVR 6.5%; p=0.82). Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary score assessing quality of life improved from baseline to 30 days after TAVR (67.0±20.6 to 89.3±13.4; p<0.001) and SAVR (67.5±19.6 to 78.3±22.3; p=0.001).ConclusionsIn symptomatic patients with moderately-severe AS, AVR appears to be beneficial. Determination of the clinical and haemodynamic profile of patients who can benefit from earlier isolated AVR needs further investigation in randomised clinical trials.
DHOST gravity in ultra-diffuse galaxies—Part II: NGC 1052-DF4 and Dragonfly 44
Authors: Laudato Enrico , Salzano Vincenzo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUltra-Diffuse galaxies are a family of gravitational systems with quite varied properties, counting both objects highly deficient in dark matter and others which are dark matter-dominated. Such a variety of behaviors might be a problem for both the standard dark matter paradigm and for alternative theories of gravity. Here we consider two systems, NGC1052-DF4 and Dragonfly 44, which are respectively dark matter deficient and dark matter dominated, in the context of Degenerate Higher-Order Scalar Tensor theories exhibiting a partial breaking of the Vaishtein screening mechanism for which they might have an influence not only on cosmological scales but also on astrophysical ones, thus mimicking dark matter. For NGC1052-DF4 the galaxy dynamics might be successfully described only by a stellar component and, at least at the scales which are probed, the content of dark matter is quite low. We also show that our alternative gravity model is consistent with data and is statistically equivalent to a standard General Relativity dark matter scenario, and it might even replace dark matter. On the contrary, Dragonfly 44 requires dark matter both in General Relativity and in our extended theory. When the latter is considered only as a cosmological dark energy fluid, it is statistically fully reliable and equivalent to General Relativity. But when we try to use it to substitute dark matter, although we get good fits to the data, the constraints on the theoretical parameters are in sharp contrast with those derived from more stringent probes from the stellar scales.
Overlaid Transcriptional and Proteome Analyses Identify Mitotic Kinesins as Important Targets of Arylsulfonamide-Mediated RBM39 Degradation
Authors: Coomar Seemon , Mota Pedro , Penson Alexander , Schwaller Jürg , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Gillingham Dennis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Certain arylsulfonamides (ArSulf) induce an interaction between the E3 ligase substrate adaptor DCAF15 and the critical splicing factor RBM39, ultimately causing its degradation. However, degradation of a splicing factor introduces complex pleiotropic effects that are difficult to untangle, since, aside from direct protein degradation, downstream transcriptional effects also influence the proteome. By overlaying transcriptional data and proteome datasets, we distinguish transcriptional from direct degradation effects, pinpointing those proteins most impacted by splicing changes. Using our workflow, we identify and validate the upregulation of the arginine-and-serine rich protein (RSRP1) and the downregulation of the key kinesin motor proteins KIF20A and KIF20B due to altered splicing in the absence of RBM39. We further show that kinesin downregulation is connected to the multinucleation phenotype observed upon RBM39 depletion by ArSulfs. Our approach should be helpful in the assessment of potential cancer drug candidates which target splicing factors.

Implications:
Our approach provides a workflow for identifying and studying the most strongly modulated proteins when splicing is altered. The work also uncovers a splicing-based approach toward pharmacologic targeting of mitotic kinesins.
Feasibility and Safety of Personalized, Multi-Target, Adoptive Cell Therapy (IMA101): First-in-Human Clinical Trial in Patients with Advanced Metastatic Cancer
Authors: Tsimberidou Apostolia M. , Guenther Kerstin , Andersson Borje S. , Mendrzyk Regina , Alpert Amir , Wagner Claudia , Nowak Anna , Aslan Katrin , Satelli Arun , Richter Fabian , Kuttruff-Coqui Sabrina , Schoor Oliver , Fritsche Jens , Coughlin Zoe , Mohamed Ali S. , Sieger Kerry , Norris Becky , Ort Rita , Beck Jennifer , Vo Henry Hiep , Hoffgaard Franziska , Ruh Manuel , Backert Linus , Wistuba Ignacio I. , Fuhrmann David , Ibrahim Nuhad K. , Morris Van Karlyle , Kee Bryan K. , Halperin Daniel M. , Nogueras-Gonzalez Graciela M. , Kebriaei Partow , Shpall Elizabeth J. , Vining David , Hwu Patrick , Singh Harpreet , Reinhardt Carsten , Britten Cedrik M. , Hilf Norbert , Weinschenk Toni , Maurer Dominik , Walter Steffen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIMA101 is an actively personalized, multi-targeted adoptive cell therapy (ACT), whereby autologous T cells are directed against multiple novel defined peptide-HLA (pHLA) cancer targets. HLA-A*02:01-positive patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumors expressing ≥1 of 8 predefined targets underwent leukapheresis. Endogenous T cells specific for up to 4 targets were primed and expanded in vitro. Patients received lymphodepletion (fludarabine, cyclophosphamide), followed by T-cell infusion and low-dose IL2 (Cohort 1). Patients in Cohort 2 received atezolizumab for up to 1 year (NCT02876510). Overall, 214 patients were screened, 15 received lymphodepletion (13 women, 2 men; median age, 44 years), and 14 were treated with T-cell products. IMA101 treatment was feasible and well tolerated. The most common adverse events were cytokine release syndrome (Grade 1, n = 6; Grade 2, n = 4) and expected cytopenias. No patient died during the first 100 days after T-cell therapy. No neurotoxicity was observed. No objective responses were noted. Prolonged disease stabilization was noted in three patients lasting for 13.7, 12.9, and 7.3 months. High frequencies of target-specific T cells (up to 78.7% of CD8+ cells) were detected in the blood of treated patients, persisted for &gt;1 year, and were detectable in posttreatment tumor tissue. Individual T-cell receptors (TCR) contained in T-cell products exhibited broad variation in TCR avidity, with the majority being low avidity. High-avidity TCRs were identified in some patients’ products. This study demonstrates the feasibility and tolerability of an actively personalized ACT directed to multiple defined pHLA cancer targets. Results warrant further evaluation of multi-target ACT approaches using potent high-avidity TCRs.See related Spotlight by Uslu and June, p. 865
Ethnicity, Immunity, and Outcomes: Biology versus Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Bergin Alice R.T. , Salgado Roberto , Loi Sherene 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSubstantial advances in our understanding of breast cancer disease biology have led to marked improvements in cancer outcomes over the past two decades. These advances have largely focused on women from developed, high-income countries and as a result, significant disparities exist. In this issue, Bauer and colleagues provide new insight into the breast cancer immune microenvironment from women across geographic regions in sub-Saharan Africa, despite inherent infrastructure limitations. The study amassed data from 1,497 women from sub-Saharan Africa, and 117 women from Germany with breast cancer, suggesting regional variation in immune composition but with no significant prognostic impact. These important findings require validation in large, codesigned prospective studies to fully understand the impact of biology, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status on breast cancer outcomes.See related article by Bauer et al., p. 720 (2) .
Visit-to-Visit Blood Pressure Variability and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Receiving Intensive Versus Standard Blood Pressure Control: Insights From the STEP Trial
Authors: Yu Jiachen , Song Qirui , Bai JingJing , Wu Shouling , Bu Peili , Li YuFeng , Cai Jun 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The clinical prognostic value of visit-to-visit blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) is debatable, and relative studies among patients receiving BP control to achieve lower BP targets are limited.

Methods:
We analyzed a dataset from the STEP trail (Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients) to investigate the relationship between visit-to-visit BPV and cardiovascular events in patients with hypertensive aged 60 to 80 years. Visit-to-visit BPV was defined as the coefficient of variation, SD, delta, average real variability, and variability independent of the mean of BP measured at 6-, 9-, 12-, 15-, and 18-month follow-up visits. We computed hazard ratios for the risks associated with a 1-SD increase in BPV indexes in multivariable cox regression models.

Results:

Among 7678 patients from the STEP trial, after adjustment for multiple confounders, diastolic BPV indexes were significantly associated with the primary composite end point (hazard ratios ≥1.21;
P
≤0.029) in the standard group, while there was no association between the clinical outcomes and systolic BPV (
P
≥0.091). In the intensive treatment group, either systolic or diastolic BPV was no association with clinical outcomes(
P
≥0.30). Sensitivity analyses using an alternative method to calculate BPV based on 7 BP records generated confirmatory results.

Conclusions:
In older adults with hypertension, visit-to-visit diastolic BPV is an independent predictor of adverse health outcomes in the standard treatment group. However, BPV did not have prognostic value in the intensive treatment group.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03015311.
Association Between Chronic Hypertension and the Risk of 12 Cardiovascular Diseases Among Parous Women: The Role of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Al Khalaf Sukainah , Chappell Lucy C. , Khashan Ali S. , McCarthy Fergus P. , O’Reilly Éilis J. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Evidence on the association between chronic hypertension and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in mothers with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) is limited. We investigated the association between chronic hypertension and risk of CVD, considering the role of APOs.

Methods:
We used linked electronic health records in the CALIBER platform to define a UK cohort of women with recorded births between 1997 and 2016. We conducted multivariable Cox regression to estimate the association between chronic hypertension, with and without APOs, and 12 subsequent CVD events.

Results:
The study cohort comprised 1 784 247 births (1.2 million women); of these 12 698 (0.71%) records had chronic hypertension, and 16 499 women had incident CVD during follow-up, of which 66% occurred in women under 40 years. Chronic hypertension (versus no chronic hypertension) was associated with a 2-fold higher risk of first subsequent CVD (adjusted hazard ratios, 2.22 [95% CI, 2.03–2.42]). Compared to normotensive women without APOs, the associations were the strongest in women with chronic hypertension and APOs across the 12 CVD outcomes, varying from 9.65 (5.96–15.6) for heart failure to 2.66 (2.17–3.26) for stable angina. In women with chronic hypertension without APOs, adjusted hazard ratios varied from 5.25 (3.47–7.94) for subarachnoid hemorrhage to 1.26 (0.59–2.67) for peripheral arterial disease. In women with APOs, but without chronic hypertension, adjusted hazard ratios varied from 3.27 (2.48–4.31) for intracerebral hemorrhage to 1.33 (1.26–1.41) for stable angina.

Conclusions:
We found strong associations between chronic hypertension and the risk of premature CVD, with greater risk in women who additionally had APOs. Intervention programs focused on these groups might lower their risk of subsequent CVD.
Experimental optimization of Al2O3 microparticles ratio in epoxy layered glass fiber to improve tensile fatigue performance
Authors: Ergün Raşit K , Köse Hüseyin 
Published: May 2023

The mechanical properties of composites produced without additives are limited by the matrix and fibers of constructed material. To increase the mechanical properties, micro or nano size particles can be added to the composite. In this study, [Formula: see text] particles with a purity of 98% and a size of 0–50 μm were added to the epoxy material in the ratios of 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% by weight to optimize the parameter in order to enhance the mechanical properties of [110P/163 T/195T]s stacking sequenced woven composites. Tensile fatigue tests were performed with a computer-controlled fatigue test device with a 100 kN load cell, by applying [Formula: see text] load ratio, 6 Hz frequency, and sine wave load form. Fatigue tests were conducted at different load levels. As a result, increase between 119%-2441% was observed in the fatigue cycle of micro-[Formula: see text] reinforced woven composite materials compared to non-particles added epoxy woven composites. The highest damping rate was observed as 57.528 in 1% micro- [Formula: see text], and the lowest damping rate was observed as 26.312 in composite with no Al2O3 particles. The micro-structure morphologies of micro-Al2O3 reinforced woven composites were observed by SEM.
Computed tomography features of gastric leiomyoma versus gastric stromal tumor: a case–control study with propensity score matching
Authors: Wang Qi , Wang Lijia , Qi Xiaohui , Liu Xiang , Xie Qiao , Wang Yifeng , Shi Gaofeng 
Published: May 2023

Objective To differentiate gastric leiomyomas (GLs) and gastric stromal tumors (GSTs) based on preoperative enhanced computed tomography characteristics. Methods Twenty-six pathologically confirmed GLs were propensity score-matched to 26 GSTs in a 1:1 ratio based on sex, age, tumor site, and tumor size. Tumor shape and contour, mucosal ulceration, growth pattern, enhancement pattern and degree, longest diameter, and longest diameter/vertical diameter ratio were compared between the groups. Hemorrhage, calcification, peripheral invasion, and distant metastasis were also included in the regression analysis for differentiation of the two tumors. Results Mucosal ulceration was significantly more frequent in GSTs than GLs. The enhancement degree of GSTs was significantly higher than that of GLs in the arterial and portal venous phases. Using enhancement degrees of 18 HU and 23 HU in the arterial phase and venous phase as cutoff values, respectively, we found that an enhancement degree of <18 HU in the arterial phase was an independent influential factor for diagnosis of GLs. No significant differences were found in other morphological characteristics. GLs did not metastasize or invade adjacent tissues. Conclusion A low enhancement degree in GLs is the most valuable quantitative feature for differentiating these two similar tumors.