bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review on processing technologies for value added millet products
Authors: Jindal Priyanka , Nikhanj Pooja 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMillets are the high‐energy foods that have been cultivated since 10,000 years ago and are typically grown in degraded and marginal lands. Finger millet, pearl millet, foxtail millet, barnyard millet, proso millet, kodo millet, and sorghum millet are the seven most important millets grown worldwide along with other minor millets like Teff, Fonio, brown top millet, and so on. Nowadays, there are many problems like obesity, diabetes, coronary diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, and the risk of colon, breast cancer which are increasing day by day keeping in their current sedentary lifestyle as a result of ones reliable on cereals based diet only. At present, it is necessary to diverse our diets from cereals to other nutritionally dense millets which are the source of all vital nutrients and minerals besides providing general nutrients required for human growth. Although there are numerous food processing technologies available to transform millets into a variety of products with added value, their practical adoption in the food processing industries is still lacking. Low demand in the market is a result of a variety of reasons, starting with the agricultural process. These factors include the scarcity of high‐quality seeds, inadequate equipment, a lack of technical understanding, and consumer misconceptions about the sensory qualities of millet. However, because millet has so many potential uses, attention is now being drawn to this area of study. Millets would therefore considerably enhance market demand and open up countless opportunities for the production of millet‐based goods on a large scale. Therefore, the goal of the current article is to thoroughly analyze millet processing technology and bioprocessing methods, including health benefits. This review focuses on the nutritional properties and millets seed processing technologies of Indian millets along with their advantages and impact on their nutritional components.Practical applicationsVarious technologies have been developed to formulate millets based value‐added products. Over the traditional processing, the impact of modern processing like dehusking, pearling, grinding, and so on, techniques have been approached to greater extent for millets processing. Non‐thermal techniques are now‐a‐days used because of its low adverse consequences and various benefits over old traditional techniques. The most important food processing technologies for each millet are included in the review, along with a list of millet‐based goods that are readily available worldwide. It also includes information on the millet nutritional properties and the impact of processing technologies over them. The current study suggests expanding millet and millet‐based goods' high‐value uses in industrial settings. Millets have the best nutritional profile of any cereal, have more environmentally friendly production methods, and are better for consumers, farmers, and the environment.
Professional caregivers' perceived barriers hindering the prevention and reduction of involuntary treatment among older persons receiving long‐term care: A mixed methods study
Authors: Willems Jules , Passos Valéria Lima , Hamers Jan P. H. , Bleijlevens Michel H. C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo gain insights into the barriers towards the prevention and/or reduction of involuntary treatment in long‐term geriatric care.DesignMixed methods.BackgroundMeasures to which a person resists and/or does not provide consent for are defined as involuntary treatment. The use of involuntary treatment violates the autonomy of (older) persons and causes more harm than benefit. Moreover, it contradicts the values of person‐centred care. Nevertheless, its use among people living with dementia (PLWD) is still common practice.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional, mixed methods study, including an online survey for professional caregivers and a semistructured focus group interview with professional caregivers.ResultsA total of 218 participants completed the questionnaire. The percentage of participants who perceived barriers in one of the 22 survey items ranged from 15% to 42%. Lack of time, the experienced need to use involuntary treatment, uncertainty about responsibilities of stakeholders and a lack of knowledge on methods to prevent and/or reduce the use of involuntary treatment were most seen as barriers. Nursing staff perceived a lack of time hindering them in the prevention or reduction of involuntary treatment more often than other professional caregivers. Working in home care and having no former experience with involuntary treatment usage increased perceived barriers. Participants of the focus group interview confirmed these findings and added that professional caregivers in general lack awareness on the concept of involuntary treatment.ConclusionsOne out of four professional caregivers experiences barriers hindering prevention and/or reduction of involuntary treatment. More research is needed to gain a better understanding of how professional caregivers can be supported to remove barriers and, consequently, prevent and/or reduce the use of involuntary treatment.Relevance to Clinical PracticeProfessional caregivers experience many barriers towards the prevention and reduction of involuntary treatment. Future initiatives should aim to remove the perceived barriers.
Improving patient’s intensive care admission through multidisciplinary simulation‐based crisis resource management: A qualitative study
Authors: Jensen Janet F. , Ramos Joanna , Ørom Marie‐Louise , Naver Kirsten B. , Shiv Louise , Bunkenborg Gitte , Kodal Anne Marie , Skram Ulrik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo explore nurses' and physicians' experiences of simulation‐based training in a crisis resource management quality improvement intervention on intensive care admission.BackgroundQuantitative studies have documented that staffs' non‐technical skills are improved after simulation‐based training in crisis resource management interventions. Experienced‐based consensus led to development of a quality improvement intervention based on principles of crisis resource management and tested in simulation‐based training to enhance staffs' non‐technical skills. However, the impact on staff is unexplored, leaving little understanding of the relationship between simulation‐based training in crisis resource management interventions and changes in non‐technical skills.DesignA qualitative study with a hermeneutical approach.MethodsData consisted of semi‐structured interviews with physicians (n = 5) and nurses (n = 15) with maximum variation in work experience. Data were collected 3 months after implementation and analysed using thematic analysis. The COREQ guideline was applied.ResultsThe analysis revealed three themes: prioritising core clinical activities and patient centredness; transition into practice; and reflection on patient safety. These themes reflected staff's experiences of the intervention and implementation process, which evolved through prioritising core clinical activities that facilitated the transition into clinical practice and staff's reflection on patient safety.ConclusionsPrioritising core clinical activities were facilitated by clear communication, predefined roles and better teamwork. Transition into practice stimulated professional growth through feedback. Reflection on patient safety created a new understanding on how a new structure of intensive care admission could be implemented. Collectively, this indicated a joint understanding of admissions.Implications for PracticeFindings enables health care professionals to understand how the intervention can contribute to improve quality of care in management of intensive care admission. Improving non‐technical skills are vital in high‐quality admissions, which supported a structured process and a collaborative professional standard of admissions.Patient and Public ContributionNone.
Survival of fixed prosthetic restorations on vital and nonvital teeth: A systematic review
Authors: Hawthan Mohammed , Larsson Christel , Chrcanovic Bruno R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the survival rate of full‐coverage tooth‐supported fixed prosthetic restorations, single crowns (SCs), and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs), taking into consideration the potential influence of tooth‐vitality, presence and type of post, and type of prosthetic restoration material.Materials and methodsIn October 2022, two authors independently conducted a search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus electronic databases as well as a hand search to identify clinical human studies on full‐coverage SCs and FDPs supported by vital and/or non‐vital abutments and/or a combination of both, with a minimum observation period of 24 months.ResultsOut of 4198 studies identified through the database search and 22 through hand searching, 26 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis of the present systematic review. Included studies scored six points and more according to Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS). The highest estimated 5‐year survival rate was observed for (metal‐ceramic and all‐ceramic) SCs on vital teeth (98.3%; 95% CI [98.1, 98.6%]) and all ceramic SCs on non‐vital teeth with fiber post (95.0%; 95% CI [94.5–95.4%]). Metal‐ceramic SCs on vital teeth (97.1%; 95% CI [95.6–98.7%]) showed a statistically significant higher estimated 5‐year survival rate compared to metal‐ceramic SCs with cast metal post (90.7%; 95% CI [87.4–94.0%], P < 0.001), fiber post (91.3%; 95% CI [90.9–91.6%], P < 0.001) and without post (85.7%; 95% CI [80.7, 90.6%], P < 0.032). All‐ceramic SCs with fiber post had a statistically significant higher estimated 5‐year survival rate (95.0%; 95% CI [94.5–95.4%]) compared to metal‐ceramic SCs on non‐vital teeth with fiber post (91.3%; 95% CI [90.9–91.6%], P < 0.001). SCs (all‐ceramic and metal‐ceramic) with fiber post had a statistically significantly higher estimated 5‐year survival rate of (92.7%; 95% CI [92.4–92.9%]) than SCs made of metal‐ceramic and retained by cast metal post (90.7%; 95% CI [87.4–94.0%], P < 0.001). For FDPs, the 5‐year survival rate was significantly higher for FDPs on vital abutments (84.9%; 95% CI [75.9, 93.9%]) compared to FDPs retained by non‐vital abutment/s (81.3%; 95% CI [80.3, 82.2%], P = 0.049) irrespective to presence, type of post, and FDPs material. The results are limited by the limited number of studies and the presence of uncontrolled confounding clinical variables.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the study, tooth vitality is suggested to contribute positively to the survival of SCs and FDPs.
Couples' joint retirement by household type: Evidence from Finland
Authors: Haapanen Mika , Pehkonen Jaakko , Seppälä Ville 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examines joint retirement in Finland. Employing a regression discontinuity design, the study leverages the exogenous variation provided by the eligibility age for earnings‐related pensions. The analysis yields three key findings. First, reaching the eligibility age has a significant effect on an individual's retirement. Second, male spouses' retirement at the age of 63 has a spillover effect on their female spouses. Third, disaggregated analyses show that older spouses in low‐income households delay their retirement, older male (female) spouses with female (male) primary earners postpone their retirement, and younger female spouses with male primary earners expedite their retirement.
Observations of feeding practices of US parents of young children with Down syndrome
Authors: Surette Victoria A. , Smith‐Simpson Sarah , Fries Lisa R. , Forde Ciarán G. , Ross Carolyn F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractParental behaviours influence food acceptance in young children, but few studies have measured these behaviours using observational methods, especially among children with Down syndrome (CWDS). The overall goal of this study was to understand parent feeding practices used during snack time with young CWDS (N = 111, aged 11–58 months). A coding scheme was developed to focus on feeding practices used by parents of CWDS from a structured home‐use test involving tasting variously textured snack products. Behavioural coding was used to categorise parental feeding practices and quantify their frequencies (N = 212 video feeding sessions). A feeding prompt was coded as successful if the child ate the target food product or completed the prompt within 20 s of the prompt being given without a refusal behaviour. CWDS more frequently consumed the test foods and completed tasks in response to Autonomy‐Supportive Prompts to Eat (49.3%), than to Coercive‐Controlling Prompts to Eat (24.2%). By exploring the parent–CWDS relationship during feeding, we can identify potentially desirable parent practices to encourage successful feeding for CWDS. Future research should build upon the knowledge gained from this study to confirm longitudinal associations of parent practices with child behaviours during feeding.
First‐round accreditation and pass rates on licensing examination at different medical schools in China: Closing the performance gap
Authors: You You , Li Man , Xie Ana , Wang Weimin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the accreditation approach is widely used to ensure the quality of medical education in many countries, there is scant empirical evidence on whether and how it improves actual medical school performance. We focused on conditions in China, which introduced an accreditation system during the 2010s. Specifically, we examined the relationship between first‐round accreditation and actual performance based on the results of medical licensing examinations. Referring to organisation theory, we hypothesised that the impacts of accreditation would depend on existing performance gaps.MethodIn 2022, we analysed panel data from 105 Chinese medical schools during accreditation (2012 to 2021) and pass rates on medical licensing examinations (2011 to 2019), as matched into 834 school‐year records in a window of years before and after accreditation. We employed fixed‐effects regression models with a comparison group to exclude factors that may have confounded the impacts of accreditation time. We also demonstrated the heterogeneous effects of accreditation by tier and performance gap of medical schools.ResultsThe conservative estimates showed a substantial cumulative improvement (over 15 percentage points) in pass rates during the years before accreditation, with no clear trend indicating performance drops in the years after accreditation. Lower‐tiered medical schools gained greater benefits from accreditation. Medical schools with a larger prior performance gap achieved a greater percentage point increase in pass rates with the passage of time in pre‐accreditation years.ConclusionsThis is the first empirical study to investigate whether accreditation has bridged performance gaps among medical schools. The results support the value of accreditation in China, a country that recently established the system, and might work as a substitute for missing information on early accreditation history in countries with long‐established accreditation systems. We encourage more studies in countries that have recently introduced accreditation systems.
BamE directly interacts with BamA and BamD coordinating their functions
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Konovalova Anna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe β‐barrel assembly machinery (Bam) complex facilitates the assembly of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) in gram‐negative bacteria. The Bam complex is conserved and essential for bacterial viability and consists of five subunits, BamA‐E. BamA is the transmembrane component, and its β‐barrel domain opens laterally to allow folding and insertion of incoming OMPs. The remaining components are regulatory, among which only BamD is essential. Previous studies suggested that BamB regulates BamA directly, while BamE and BamC serve as BamD regulators. However, specific molecular details of their functions remain unknown. Our previous research demonstrated that BamE plays a specialized role in assembling the complex between the lipoprotein RcsF and its OMP partners, required for the Regulator of Capsule Synthesis (Rcs) stress response. Here, we used RcsF/OmpA as a model substrate to investigate BamE function. Our results challenge the current view that BamE only serves as a BamD regulator. We show that BamE also directly interacts with BamA. BamE interaction with both BamA and BamD is important for function. Our genetic and biochemical analysis shows that BamE stabilizes the Bam complex and promotes bidirectional signaling interaction between BamA and BamD. This BamE function becomes essential when direct BamA/BamD communication is impeded.
Associations between cortical thickness and parasympathetic nervous system functioning during middle childhood
Authors: Korom Marta , Tabachnick Alexandra R. , Sellers Tabitha , Valadez Emilio A. , Tottenham Nim , Dozier Mary 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPositive associations have been found between cortical thickness and measures of parasympathetic cardiac control (e.g., respiratory sinus arrhythmia, RSA) in adults, which may indicate mechanistic integration between neural and physiological indicators of stress regulation. However, it is unknown when in development this brain–body association arises and whether the direction of association and neuroanatomical localization vary across development. To investigate this, we collected structural magnetic resonance imaging and resting‐state respiratory sinus arrhythmia data from children in middle childhood (N = 62,Mage = 10.09, range: 8.28–12.14 years). Whole‐brain and exploratory ROI analyses revealed positive associations between RSA and cortical thickness in four frontal and parietal clusters in the left hemisphere and one cluster in the right. Exploratory ROI analyses revealed a similar positive association between cortical thickness and RSA, with two regions surviving multiple comparison correction, including the inferior frontal orbital gyrus and the Sylvian fissure. Prior work has identified these cortical areas as part of the central autonomic network that supports integrative regulation of stress response (e.g., autonomic, endocrine, and behavioral) and emotional expression. Our results suggest that the association between cortical thickness and resting RSA is present in middle childhood and is similar to the associations seen during adulthood. Future studies should investigate associations between RSA and cortical thickness among young children and adolescents.
Social inequity in administrative burdens: Evidence from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
Authors: Cuffey Joel , Newby Kara , Smith Sarah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdministrative burdens in government programs are common and may exacerbate inequity in government service provision and access. Work requirements represent an onerous administrative burden as they entail substantial effort in complying and documenting compliance. We investigate whether state politics and race influence local Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) work requirement restrictiveness. To measure restrictiveness, we leverage the fact that states can apply for waivers of the SNAP work requirement during times of high unemployment. Using a novel dataset of county waivers from 2005 to 2018, we investigate whether state politics or county racial composition predict the likelihood a county has work requirements waived, conditional on unemployment. We find that counties in Republican‐controlled states and counties with higher percentages of Black populations are less likely to be waived. Counties with higher Black percentages are less likely to be waived if they are located in Republican‐controlled states. These results highlight the need for greater transparency in waiver implementation.
The significance of skepticism
Authors: Madigan Taylor 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThere is a recurrent sort of skeptical character in philosophical debates who believes that some social practice must be abolished because it involves a false presupposition about how things ‘really’ are. I examine this style of skeptical argument, using the moral responsibility skeptic as my main illustration. I excavate two unstated and un‐argued for premises that it requires (which I call Undistorted Truth and Privileged Conception). This exposes the full extent of the argumentative burdens that such a skeptic must discharge. I aim to make progress by offering skeptics and anti‐skeptics alike a way forward: the skeptic is provided a clear agenda, while the anti‐skeptic is provided a diagnostic tool to assess this style of skeptical arguments at key junctures.
Evaluating the Covid‐19 pandemic: The role of moral disengagement
Authors: Aignesberger Verena , Greitemeyer Tobias 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic affected daily life worldwide. We examined how individuals perceived these changes. We expected the propensity to morally disengage (MD) to predict a less negative view of the pandemic via lower perspective‐taking and compassion. As predicted, the results of a cross‐sectional study (N = 717) show that alongside dispositional optimism, MD was associated with perceiving the pandemic in a less negative manner. Unexpectedly, the proposed mediating effects were not found. Exploratory results showed that MD predicted existential security directly and quality of life indirectly via lower compassion. Altogether, MD may provide some benefits in terms of pandemic perceptions.
The most common types of uroliths larger than 1 mm are readily visible and accurately measured in an in vitro setting mimicking the canine abdomen using digital radiography
Authors: DeBow Patricia , Auger Mylène , Fazio Constance , Cline Kelsey , Zhu Xiaojuan , Lulich Jody , de Swarte Marie , Lamb Donald , Hespel Adrien‐Maxence 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAbdominal radiography is an important diagnostic to detect uroliths. Cystine and urate uroliths were historically characterized as nonmineral opaque on survey radiographs. However, recent research and clinical observations indicate that pure urate and cystine uroliths may be detected with digital radiography. The primary purpose of this prospective, in vitro, diagnostic accuracy study was to determine the sensitivity of digital radiography in detecting cystoliths of varying size and composition. Forty canine uroliths of pure composition (10 each of calcium oxalate, struvite, cystine, and urate), acquired from Minnesota Urolith Center and ranging from 1 to 10 mm, were placed in phantoms of three various sizes and radiographed. The radiographs, including three sets of each urolith separately, were evaluated by three blinded radiologists on two separate occasions. Evaluation included presence or absence of urolith, number of uroliths, and maximum diameter of the urolith(s). For all four types of uroliths and all readers, the specificity and PPV were 100% with an associated very high sensitivity (94.4%–98.9%) and NPV (94.8%–98.9%). Calcium oxalate uroliths were the most accurately measured and struvite were the least accurately measured when compared with the gross measurement. Smaller uroliths were more accurately measured than larger uroliths. Uroliths placed in smaller bladder phantoms were more accurately measured than in larger bladder phantoms. Though accurate measurement of uroliths is complicated by and dependent on numerous variables, our results reveal that urate and cystine uroliths are visualized on digital radiography making them a relevant differential diagnosis when seen clinically.