bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal Sex Chromosome Aneuploidy Identified through Noninvasive Prenatal Screening: Clinical Profile and Patient Experience
Authors: Roberts Aaron W. , Maisenbacher Melissa K. , Parmar Sheetal , Wilkinson Julia , Poll Sarah , Faulkner Nicole , Prakash Siddharth K. 
Published: July 2023

Objective Noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) may incidentally identify maternal aneuploidies that have health implications. We evaluated patients' experience with counseling and follow-up diagnostic testing after NIPS flags a potential maternal sex chromosome aneuploidy (SCA).
Study Design Patients who underwent NIPS at two reference laboratories between 2012 and 2021 and had test results that were consistent with possible or probable maternal SCA were contacted with a link to an anonymous survey. Survey topics included demographics, health history, pregnancy history, counseling, and follow-up testing.
Results A total of 269 patients responded to the anonymous survey, and 83 of these individuals also completed one follow-up survey. Most received pretest counseling. A total of 80% were offered fetal genetic testing during the pregnancy, and 35% of patients completed diagnostic maternal testing. Monosomy X-related phenotypes such as short stature or hearing loss prompted follow-up testing that led to a diagnosis of monosomy X in 14 (6%) cases.
Conclusion Follow-up counseling and testing after a high-risk NIPS result suggestive of maternal SCA is heterogenous in this cohort and may be frequently incomplete. Health outcomes may be affected by these results and additional research could improve the provision, delivery, and quality of posttest counseling.
Key Points
Rhinoplasty in Patients with Cleft Lip Nasal Deformity: Correcting the Alar Base
Authors: DeVictor Samuel R. , Tollefson Travis T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe characteristic cleft nasal deformity presents several challenges for the rhinoplasty surgeon attempting to provide the optimal nasal function and appearance for their patient. One of the difficulties with cleft rhinoplasty is how best to address the malposition alar base. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the various surgical approaches and techniques for properly repositioning the alar base for cleft patients. Outcomes are ultimately dependent on individual patient factors, anatomy, surgical technique, and surgeon experience. Below, we will review the variety of techniques used, the evidence supporting certain techniques, and our preferences.
Rhinoplasty: Considerations for Patients with Facial Paralysis
Authors: Shukla Aishwarya , Lu G. Nina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNasal obstruction is a common sequela of flaccid facial paralysis but one that is often underaddressed surgically. Weakness of nasal musculature on the paralyzed side of the face leads to nasal valve narrowing through loss of static and dynamic nasal side wall tone as well as inferomedial displacement of the alar base. Standard rhinoplasty techniques such as alar batten grafts or flaring sutures may be used to support the nasal side wall in facial paralysis. However, to address the inferomedial alar displacement, suspension techniques are often required. Suture resuspension and fascia lata resuspension techniques are described, with modifications to each to improve longevity of the suspension.
Spatial gradients of urban land density and nighttime light intensity in 30 global megacities
Authors: Zheng Muchen , Huang Wenli , Xu Gang , Li Xi , Jiao Limin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe spatial agglomeration of urban elements results in the center-periphery urban structure, but the difference in spatial gradients of socioeconomic and physical elements is unclear. This study investigates how urban land density (ULD) and nighttime light intensity (NLI) decline with the distance to center(s) using the inverse-S function. Taking 30 global megacities as examples, we acquired their urban land and nighttime light in 2020 to represent urban physical and socioeconomic elements, respectively. ULD and NLI in concentric rings have been calculated to compare their spatial gradients from the city center(s). Results show that both ULD and NLI decrease slowly around city centers, followed by a relatively quick decline to suburban areas, and then decrease slowly again to a background level, showing an inverse-S shape. This spatial gradient can be well-fitted by the inverse-S function, whose parameters reflect disparities in urban extents and urban forms. NLI decreases faster than ULD, resulting in smaller radii (extents) of NLI, which shows the spatial agglomeration of socioeconomic elements is more obvious than that of physical space. This gap requires balanced development of socioeconomic and physical elements in megacities to avoid low-density urban sprawl and promote sustainable urban development.
Microstructural evolution of Ag-0.20wt-%Mg-0.19wt-%Ni alloy in under-oxidized condition
Authors: Li ZiYang , Huang Kai , Zhu Gang , Zuo XinLang , Chen ChengCheng 
Published: July 2023

The under-oxidized condition (insufficient internal oxidation) for Ag-0.20Mg-0.19Ni (in wt-%) alloy was conducted at 650°C for 2 h, and the microstructural evolution in the alloy was investigated. The average grain size of the oxidized region and the unoxidized region are 3.82 µm and 3.86 [Formula: see text]m, respectively. The results suggest that the oxides enriched at grain boundaries do not hinder grain growth in the under-oxidized condition. The hardness of the oxidized region increases significantly, while the hardness of the unoxidized region decreases due to recrystallization. Both the number and the distribution area of MgO precipitates at the grain boundaries are increased with the internal oxidation time. Additionally, small MgO precipitates merge to form larger oxide particles with the internal oxidation time.
Determining Lamé coefficients by the elastic Dirichlet-to-Neumann map on a Riemannian manifold
Authors: Tan Xiaoming , Liu Genqian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For the Lamé operator

with variable coefficients λ and µ on a smooth compact Riemannian manifold (M, g) with smooth boundary

∂
M

, we give an explicit expression for the full symbol of the elastic Dirichlet-to-Neumann map

Λ

λ
,
μ

. We show that

Λ

λ
,
μ

uniquely determines the partial derivatives of all orders of the Lamé coefficients λ and µ on

∂
M

. Moreover, for a nonempty smooth open subset

Γ
⊂
∂
M

, suppose that the manifold and the Lamé coefficients are real analytic up to Γ, we prove that

Λ

λ
,
μ

uniquely determines the Lamé coefficients on the whole manifold

M
ˉ

.
Subsampling in ensemble Kalman inversion
Authors: Hanu Matei , Latz Jonas , Schillings Claudia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We consider the ensemble Kalman inversion (EKI) which has been recently introduced as an efficient, gradient-free optimisation method to estimate unknown parameters in an inverse setting. In the case of large data sets, the EKI becomes computationally infeasible as the data misfit needs to be evaluated for each particle in each iteration. Here, randomised algorithms like stochastic gradient descent have been demonstrated to successfully overcome this issue by using only a random subset of the data in each iteration, so-called subsampling techniques. Based on a recent analysis of a continuous-time representation of stochastic gradient methods, we propose, analyse, and apply subsampling-techniques within EKI. Indeed, we propose two different subsampling techniques: either every particle observes the same data subset (single subsampling) or every particle observes a different data subset (batch subsampling).
Rydberg-dressed Bose–Einstein condensate with spin–orbit coupling confined in a radially periodic potential
Authors: Tu Pu , Wang Qingqing , Shao Kaihua , Zhao Yuexing , Ma Jinping , Su Ruiming , Shi Yuren 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The use of Rydberg dressing technology to achieve long-range soft-core interaction in Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) opens up new avenues for exploration of supersolid and its related phenomenon. We investigate the ground state of a two-component spin–orbit-coupled BECs with both long-range soft-core and contact interactions in radially periodic potentials. Our results show that the ground-state structures of the system are strongly influenced by spin–orbit coupling, contact interactions, long-range soft-core interactions, and the amplitude of the external potential. We find that such parameters can been used to induce desired ground-states structures, such as necklace structure of lump, striped standing wave, and especially ring dark soliton. Furthermore, we observe that the long-range soft-core interactions are used to manipulate the transition between miscible-immiscible phases like contact interactions. Our research provides another degree of freedom for manipulating supersolids in spin–orbit-coupled BECs.
The influence of electric circuit parameters on NOx generation by transient spark discharge
Authors: Janda Mário , Hensel Karol , Machala Zdenko , Field Thomas A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Nitrogen fixation, production of NO and NO2 from N2 and O2 in air, has been investigated with transient spark self-pulsing DC discharges. NO production is boosted by the addition of capacitors and an inductor to the electrical circuit which drives the discharge. The quantity of NO produced per joule of electrical input energy is doubled, though the quantity of NO2 produced drops. The yield of NO is also increased because the modified circuit enables higher discharge currents to be used. NO concentrations as high as 2000 ppm were obtained with input energy densities of around 300 J per liter of input gas, whilst NO2 concentrations were around 150 ppm. This simple modification of the driving circuit may have potential for optimizing the plasma chemistry with other input gas mixtures and for scaling up nitrogen fixation from air.
Dynamic modeling and performance evaluation of piezoelectric impact drive system based on neural network
Authors: Chen Wenhao , Xia Haojie , Song Rencheng , Pan Chengliang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In metrology and industrial design, the evaluation of measurement uncertainty and error is crucial to the measurement process. The Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement and its supplementary documents have established a unified framework and standard for evaluating measurement uncertainty. However, a reasonable method for evaluating dynamic measurement uncertainty has not yet been proposed. By analyzing the dynamic measurement system, and using the long short-term memory time neural network to model the nonlinear dynamics represented by a piezoelectric drive platform, this paper evaluates the system’s dynamic measurement uncertainty through deep integration methods. Bayesian theory is used to propagate probability densities, and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this method for assessing dynamic measurement uncertainty.
Dimensional measurement of anti-stress cone of HV cable joints based on 3D point cloud
Authors: Zheng Zhihao , Gao Yuqun , He Zebin , Wang Chaoyang , Xie Hao , Liu Guihua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To solve the problem of automatic measurement of anti-stress cone of high voltage cable joints, a measurement algorithm based on 3D point cloud is proposed. Firstly, denoising and coordinate adjustment of point cloud of a cable joint are realized. Then the characteristic curve model of fitting circle radius indicating structure characteristic of cable joints is constructed by fitting circles with random sample consensus algorithm. After that, the discrete points on the characteristic curve are extracted according to the characteristics such as the fluctuation range of the characteristic curve for straight line fitting and the intersection of the fitted lines is calculated to complete the segmentation of the anti-stress cone area of the cable joint. Finally, the parameter measurement of the anti-stress cone was completed according to the structure of the anti-stress cone, and the error correction post-processing was performed. Two types of cable joint point clouds with standard dimensions and surface defects were used for measurement experiments, the absolute errors of the measurement results are less than 0.2 mm and 1.0 mm respectively, and the relative errors are less than 0.25% and 2% respectively, indicating that the proposed method has high robustness and measurement accuracy, which meet the measurement requirements in engineering practice.
An explainable unsupervised learning framework for scalable machine fault detection in Industry 4.0
Authors: Asutkar Supriya , Tallur Siddharth 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Despite the diverse number of machine learning algorithms reported in the literature for machine fault detection, their implementation is mainly confined to laboratory-scale demonstrations. The complexity and black-box nature of machine learning models, the processing cost involved in appropriate feature extraction, limited access to labeled data, and varying operating conditions are some of the key reasons that curtail their implementation in practical applications. Furthermore, most such models serve as decision support tools, aiding domain experts in root cause analysis, and are not truly autonomous by themselves. To address these challenges, we present a lightweight autoencoder-based unsupervised learning framework to accurately identify machine faults against the changing operating conditions in a real-world scenario. The fault detection strategy is further strengthened by a model agnostic Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP)-based method (kernel SHAP) for identifying the most prominent features contributing to fault detection inference, the findings of which are then explored for identifying trends and correlations among prominent features and various types of faults. The framework is validated using two widely used and publicly available datasets for machine condition monitoring, as well as a large industrial dataset comprising 18 machines installed at three factories in India, monitored for several months.
Study on the water detection using the flowmeter method at low temperatures
Authors: Geng Jian , Wang Xiaodong , Ren Zhengyi , Xi Zhenhua , Li Lishan , Zhang Hai , Tao Wenze , Guo Meiru 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To prepare for the lunar water exploration in the Chinese Lunar Exploration Project IV, a new apparatus for studying characteristics of the water vapor conductance and water detection at low temperatures was built based on the flowmeter method, and the performance of the miniature time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) for water detection in the range −20 to 20 °C was measured. The through-put within the range of 3 × 10−9–9 × 10−6 Pa m3 s−1 was provided at temperatures in the range −60 to 20 °C. The conductance of the orifice with a diameter of 21 µms for three gases (N2, Ar, and H2O) was measured at low temperatures. The diameter change of the metal orifice caused by the cold contraction in the molecular flow state is the main factor affecting the conductance, and the viscosity characteristic of gas in the viscous flow state is the main factor affecting the conductance. Therefore, the conductance of the orifice increases with the decreasing temperature when the through-put is high. In addition, the water vapor can be stably supplied by the orifice under low temperatures, and the conductance of water vapor through the orifice is measured through the on-line method and the time-ratio method. The adsorption rate and amount of water vapor on the metal surface increase with the decreasing temperature, hence the concentration of water molecules in the test dome significantly decreases as the temperature decreases. Finally, the through-put of water vapor of 8.75 × 10−8 Pa m3 s−1 was detected by the miniature TOF-MC at −20 °C on the apparatus.
Bearings fault diagnosis method based on MAM and deep separable dilated convolutional neural network
Authors: Lei Chunli , Shi Jiashuo , Ma Shuzhen , Xue Linlin , Jiao Mengxuan , Li Jianhua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of traditional fault diagnosis methods that do not represent the time correlation between signals, low recognition accuracy under complex working conditions and noise interference and too many parameters, a bearing fault diagnosis method based on mixed attention mechanism (MAM) and deep separable dilated convolution neural network (DSDCNN) is proposed. Firstly, a Markov transfer field encoding method is used to transform the original one-dimensional vibration signal into a two-dimensional feature image with temporal correlation. Secondly, a deep separable convolution algorithm is presented by taking advantage of the low computational complexity of deep separable convolution and the ability of dilated convolution to expand the receptive field under the condition of invariable number of parameters. Then, the MAM is designed to make the model capture the feature dependency of the feature map in spatial and channel dimensions, and the MAM-DSDCNN model is constructed. Finally, the fault diagnosis performance of the proposed model is verified with two different data sets. The results show that the average recognition accuracy of MAM-DSDCNN reaches 99.63% under variable load conditions, 99.42% under variable speed conditions, 94.26% under noisy environment with the signal-to-noise of 0 dB, which prove that the model has higher recognition accuracy, stronger generalization and noise immunity performance than other deep learning algorithms.
A distributed multi-area power system state estimation method based on generalized loss function
Authors: Chen Tengpeng , Liu Fangyan , Li Po , Sun Lu , Amaratunga Gehan A J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For power system state estimation, the measurement noise is usually assumed to follow the Gaussian distribution, and the widely used estimator is the weighted least squares (WLS). However, the Gaussian distribution assumption is not always true, and the performance of WLS becomes bad when the measurement noise is non-Gaussian. In this paper, a new distributed state estimation (SE) method is proposed for multi-area power systems. The proposed distributed method is based on the generalized loss function so that it can reduce the influence of non-Gaussian noise and bad data. Further, thanks to the matrix-splitting technology, the proposed distributed method can be implemented in a distributed way so that the computation time in each local area can be reduced. The simulation results carried out in the IEEE 30-bus and 118-bus systems verify the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed distributed SE method.
Ni6Se5, an unexplored transition metal chalcogenide of formula M(n+1)X
n
(2 ≤ n ≤ 8), for high-performance hybrid supercapacitor and Li-ion battery application
Authors: Dey Nikita , Raha Himadri , Das Debasish , Ray Samit Kumar , Guha Prasanta Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This work reports an in situ, one-step hydrothermal preparation procedure of a binder-free electrode growth of Ni6Se5 on nickel foam (Ni6Se5/NF) with a rod-like structure. Ni6Se5 is an enveloped transition metal chalcogenides of formula M(n+1)X
n
(where 2 ≤ n ≤ 8, M is a transition metal and X is chalcogen) of the nickel selenide family. The Ni6Se5/NF electrode described here demonstrates an exceptional lifetime of 81% capacitance retention over 20000 cycles and a high specific capacitance of 473.5 Fg−1 at a current density of 4 Ag−1. The Ni6Se5/NF/activated carbon asymmetric supercapacitor (SC) exhibits a remarkable 97.3 Whkg−1 energy density and a 2325 Wkg−1 power density. Ni6Se5 served as an active electrode material in SC applications and offered exceptional power density and long cycle life. Ni6Se5/NF, used as an anode for Li-ion batteries, has a lithium storage capacity of 939.7 mAhg−1 at 100 mAg−1 current density. Ni6Se5’s (active electrode material) excellent energy storage capability, which was previously unreported, is particularly beneficial for electrochemical energy storage device applications.
Simulations of driven breathing modes of a magnetically shielded Hall thruster
Authors: Perales-Díaz J , Domínguez-Vázquez A , Fajardo P , Ahedo E 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The operation of a 5 kW-class magnetically shielded Hall effect thruster with sinusoidal modulation of the discharge voltage is investigated through simulations with a 2D axisymmetric hybrid (particle-in-cell/fluid) code. The dynamic response of the thruster for different modulation amplitudes and frequencies is presented and discussed. The analysis of partial efficiencies contributing to thrust efficiency allows identifying counteracting effects limiting net gains in performance figures. Voltage modulation enhances the amplitude of plasma oscillations and can effectively control their frequency when the modulation frequency is close to that of the natural breathing mode (BM) of the thruster. The 2D plasma solution reveals that the dynamics of the ionization cycle are governed by the electron temperature response, enabling a driven BM at the modulation frequency. For modulation frequencies far from the natural BM one, voltage modulation fails to control the plasma production via the electron temperature, and the natural BM of the thruster is recovered. High order dynamic mode decomposition applied to the 2D plasma solution permits analyzing the complex spatio-temporal behavior of the plasma discharge oscillations, revealing the main characteristics of natural and externally driven modes.
A 35 V–5 V monolithic integrated GaN-based DC–DC floating buck converter
Authors: Zhu Yuhao , Su Haodong , Li Fan , Li Ang , Lei Xiaohaoyang , Cui Miao , Lai Wen-Cheng , Wen Huiqing , Liu Wen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The paper presents the development of a GaN DC–DC power converter with a pre-driver module and power device based on a monolithic integrated GaN E/D-mode metal–insulator–semiconductor high electron mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) platform. The pre-driver module with direct coupled field effect transistor logic circuit structure has been monolithically integrated with a GaN power transistor on a Si-based AlGaN/GaN commercial epitaxial wafer. The MIS-HEMTs structure adopts an insulated gate dielectric layer to suppress the leakage current and increase gate voltage robustness. The GaN-based floating buck converter employs a 1 mH inductor and a 9 μF capacitor to achieve 35 V–5 V power conversion. As a result, the pre-driver module is capable of delivering a 10 V driving voltage. GaN monolithic integration of the pre-driver module and power device can reduce the system area in the DC–DC application, which allows for an integrated chip size of 1.8 mm2.
Design and performance study of a piezoelectric beam conveyor based on the standing wave principle
Authors: Wu Zhiwei , Li Chaofeng , Zhu Binbin , Li Ying 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Due to the interference of the magnetic field, regular motors are not suitable for precision transport in strong magnetic fields. With their insensitivity to magnetic fields, piezoelectric materials can be used to develop novel conveyors to bridge that gap. This paper aims to develop a simple piezoelectric beam conveyor based on the standing wave principle, and explore the effect of the height of the teeth on the piezoelectric beam and the number of piezoelectric plates on the motion. Based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and Lagrange equation, the Chebyshev polynomial is used as the admissble displacement function to establish the numerical model. And the ANSYS is used to verify the correctness of the numerical model calculation results. It is analyzed the effect of tooth height on motion efficiency from theory and experiment, respectively. And the effects of voltage amplitude, frequency, preload force, and the driving quantity of piezoelectric plates on the slider motion speed and driving force are discussed. The conclusion is informative for the selection of tooth and preload force.