bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The incidence of dysnatremia in children with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis and the effects of various hypotonic intravenous fluids on subsequent serum sodium levels
Authors: Chaiyapak Thanaporn , Sommai Kanokwan , Banluetanyalak Pantira , Sumboonnanonda Achra , Pattaragarn Anirut , Piyaphanee Nuntawan , Lomjansook Kraisoon , Thunsiribuddhichai Yarnarin , Supavekin Suroj 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of early dysnatremia in children with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis varied, and factors associated with early dysnatremia have not been clearly identified. The optimal sodium (Na) content of intravenous (IV) fluid for children with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis is debatable.
Methods
This retrospective study included hospitalized patients aged 1 month-18 years with community-acquired acute gastritis/gastroenteritis from January to October 2016. Factors associated with early dysnatremia were identified using multivariable analysis. The effects of various types of hypotonic IV fluids on subsequent serum Na were analyzed and compared.
Results
Among the 304 children included, the median age was 2.2 (1.0, 4.2) years. The incidence of early dysnatremia was 17.1% (hyponatremia 15.8%; hypernatremia 1.3%). Moderate (p = 0.03) and severe dehydration (p = 0.04) and presenting of both vomiting and diarrhea (p = 0.03) were associated with early dysnatremia. Subgroup analysis was performed in initially eunatremia patients who subsequently underwent serum Na measurements. Among the D5-1/3 − 1/5NS group, 6.7% and 7.7% developed hyponatremia at 4–24 hours and 24–48 hours, respectively, while no one in the D5-1/2 NS group developed hyponatremia. The changes in serum Na at 24–48 hours were significantly higher in the D5-1/2 NS group (+ 2.0 (1.0–2.0) mmol/L) than in the D5-1/3 − 1/5NS group (0 (-0.25-2.0) mmol/L) (p = 0.04).
Conclusions
Dysnatremia was common in children with acute gastritis/gastroenteritis. Moderate to severe dehydration and presenting of both vomiting and diarrhea were significantly associated with early dysnatremia. Serum electrolytes should be monitored in patients with those conditions and IV fluid with at least the same Na content as D5-1/2NS is recommended.
A new Hardware Efficient Approximate Subtractors for Error Tolerant Applications
Authors: Sariki Ravi Kumar , Jammu Bhaskara Rao , Battula T. Krishna , Veeramachaneni Sreehari , Pillala Suraj Kumar , Velagala Sai Kumar , Varanasi Sai Praveen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As technology advances, humans will have more opportunities to build designs that are more efficient and are capable of dealing with future challenges. Approximate computing is one such trend in the design of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) systems. This strategy is employed in cases where the design’s performance is critical and it is especially useful for energy-efficient designs. There are different subtractors proposed in various papers, these designs are brought together to analyze the strategies and find out the drawbacks of the existing subtractors. This helps in designing a new set of subtractors to overcome these drawbacks. This paper proposes four possible approximate subtractor designs, each with its own set of capabilities. These designs are simulated and the results are then analyzed to assess the circuit’s efficiency. According to the results of the evaluation, the proposed subtractors are substantially more efficient than the exact and the existing subtractors. A new Efficient Approximate Subtractors The first two proposed subtractor designs are utilized as circuits with high energy efficiency, and comes under the hardware efficient circuits. Whereas the remaining designs prioritize in precision and delay factors, out of which a completely accurate subtractor has been proposed. These designs can be utilized for a variety of applications under logical circuits’ arithmetic operations, as well as for numerous error-tolerant applications. Overall, this paper proposes a comprehensive set of subtractors.
Identification of Rare Variants Causing Early-Onset Bartter Syndrome: a Clinical, Genetic, and Biophysical Study
Authors: Liu Fang , wu yuanyuan , li zhi , lv shaoguang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective Bartter syndrome (BS) is a rare congenital renal tubular disease. 2 children with BS were recruited and experienced a series of ultrasound, biochemical, genetic investigation.Methods Genomic DNA was obtained from the probands and family members for trio-whole-exome sequencing, copy number variation analysis and Sanger SequencingResults Four variants were detected from the 2 probands. Patient I was diagnosed as BS typeⅡ, since she carried two novel variations in KCNJ1 gene, which are c.504delA, p.Lys168Asnfs*13 and c.406_407insA, p.Thr136Asnfs*61, inherited from her parents. Patient Ⅱ was diagnosed as BS type Ⅲ because he carried a known pathogenic variant, c.1313G > A ,p. Arg 438 His in CLCNKB gene, which was inherited from his mother,another novel variant inherited from his father was (loss exon2-20) in CLCNKB gene. The three novel variations have not been reported in ClinVar, HGMD, and public databases. According to ACMG guidelines, these variations were likely pathogenic (PVS1 + PM2). By protein structure and molecular analysis: the protein coded by KCNJ1 gene contains inward rectifier potassium channel transmembrane domain (IRK) and inward rectifier potassium channel C-terminal domain (IRK_C). The two altered amino acids located on the IRK and IRK_C domain, may affect conserved protein domains, resulting in premature stop codons and truncated protein, thereby affecting protein function. The variant (loss exon2-20) in CLCNKB gene resulted in a loss of protein function. PatientⅡ’s old sister carried the variation c.1313G > A in CLCNKB gene. The fetus in his mother's womb carried the same variations as the proband, and the mother finally underwent an induced abortion.Conclusion Our findings expand the gene spectrum of KCNJ1 and CLCNKB associated with BS.
[(EtO) 3 Si(CH 2 ) 3 NH 3 + ][CH 3 COO - ] functionalized on magnetic silica: a novel magnetically recyclable nanocatalyst for synthesis of new (phenylsulfonyl)dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Shirzaei Farhad , Shaterian Hamid Reza 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this work, [(EtO)3Si(CH2)3NH3+][CH3COO−] as basic ionic liquid functionalized on magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 nanoparticles as a novel, green, heterogeneous, and inexpensive catalyst is reported. This catalyzed the three components reaction of aromatic aldehydes, benzenesulfonylacetonitrile and 6-amino-1,3-dimethyluracil to obtain the corresponding (phenylsulfonyl)dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives. [(EtO)3Si(CH2)3NH3+][CH3COO−] functionalized on magnetic silica was identified using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gravitational heat analysis (TGA), X-ray energy scattering spectroscopy (EDS) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques. The high-efficiency preparation of (phenylsulfonyl)dihydropyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives, recovery and reusability of the nanocatalyst are the advantages of this protocol.
Numerical simulation research on the mechanical behavior of ice-frozen soil interface
Authors: Shi Sheng , Zhu Fengjin , Hu Hongqiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As the weakest segment within frozen soil, the interface between ice and frozen soil undertakes the link of load transmission. The mechanical parameters between ice and frozen soil influence the deformation and strength of frozen soil. To investigate the mechanical behaviors of ice-frozen soil interface, the cryogenic direct shear tests were carried out and the deformation, strength properties of interface were analyzed. The shear stress of interface was described by generalized hyperbolic model and the physical meaning of the model parameters were defined. Based on the generalized hyperbolic model, the shear stiffness of interface was derived. The effect of temperature on the strength, shear stiffness of interface under different initial moisture contents, initial void ratios and normal stresses were discussed. The three-dimensional finite element model was established using COMSOL Multiphysics, and the mechanical behaviors of ice frozen soil interface were researched.
Impact of home monitoring program on inter-stage mortality after the Norwood procedure
Authors: Staehler Helena , Schaeffer Thibault , Wasner Johanna , Lemmer Julia , Heinisch Paul Philipp , Adam Michael , Burri Melchior , Hager Alfred , Ewert Peter , Hörer Jürgen , Ono Masamichi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
While early outcome after the Norwood operation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome has improved, inter-stage mortality until bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt (BCPS) remains a concern. Our aim was to institute a home monitoring program to (HMP) reduce inter-stage mortality.
Methods
Among 264 patients who survived Norwood procedure and were discharged before BCPS, 80 patients were included in the HMP and compared to the remaining 184 patients regarding inter-stage mortality. In patients with HMP, events during the inter-stage period were evaluated.
Results
Inter-stage mortality was 8% (n = 21) and was significantly lower in patients with HMP (2.5%, n = 2), compared to those without (10.3%, n = 19, p = 0.031). Patients with inter-stage mortality had significantly lower birth weight (p < 0.001) compared to those without. Lower birth weight (p < 0.001), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support (p = 0.002), and lack of HMP (p = 0.048) were risk factors for inter-stage mortality. Most frequent event during home monitoring was low saturation (< 70%) in 14 patients (18%), followed by infection in 6 (7.5%), stagnant weight gain in 5 (6.3%), hypoxic shock in 3 (3.8%) and arrhythmia in 2 (2.5%). Unexpected readmission was needed in 24 patients (30%). In those patients, age (p = 0.001) and weight at BCPS (p = 0.007) were significantly lower compared to those without readmission, but the survival after BCPS was comparable between the groups.
Conclusions
Inter-stage HMP permits timely intervention and led to an important decrease in inter-stage mortality. One-third of the patients with home monitoring program needed readmission and demonstrated the need for earlier stage 2 palliation.
Electrochemical and physiochemical studies on the effects of thiadiazole derivatives in corrosion inhibition of Muntz metal in sulfide-polluted marine environment
Authors: Ravisankar Parkavi , Subramaniyan Ramasundaram , Murugasamy Jayavel , Kanagaraj Srinivasan , J Josphin Mini , Alagarasan Jagadeesh Kumar , Oh Tae Hwan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The influence of certain thiadiazole derivatives on the corrosion of Muntz metal (60Cu-40Zn) in sulfide-polluted artificial seawater was analyzed using chemical and electrochemical methods. The surface morphology was examined by SEM to determine this inhibition mechanism. Elemental composition of the corroded alloy specimens was investigated in the presence and absence of thiadiazole derivatives using energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). Thiadiazole derivatives were found to successfully suppress Muntz metal corrosion. Adopting the weight-loss method, the optimum concentration of inhibiting thiadiazole derivatives was 2.32 mM owing to the thiadiazole surface coverage and adsorption with increasing concentration. Among the derivatives investigated, N-(5-(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)-2-diphenylamino) acetamide (ATPA) showed the highest corrosion protection efficiency. EIS studies showed that charge transfer resistance occurs because of the presence of an inhibitor. Moreover, increasing thiadiazole concentration decreased the double-layer capacitance (Cdl) value because less charged species were attracted to the metal surface. Potentiostatic current-time transient techniques showed that ATPA hindered the corrosion rate owing to the substituted thiadiazoles. Polarization measurements clearly showed that the inhibitors suppressed both anodic and cathodic reactions. Consequently, accelerated leaching studies showed concentrations of Zn and Cu released from the alloy reducing as concentrations of inhibitors increased, in addition to the corrosion protection efficiency (%) increasing. The highest value was obtained at 2.32 mM of inhibitor. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that these compounds inhibit corrosion via chemisorption of organic compounds. Among these compounds, ATPA was found to offer better corrosion inhibition than others.
Peripubertal Exposure to Glyphosate-Based Herbicides Promotes Histopathological Impairment in the Structure of the Diaphragm Muscle of c57bl/6 Mice
Authors: Zazula Matheus Felipe , Marca Ana Paula , Oliveira Mylena Campos , Barbosa Ariadne , Bonfleur Maria Lúcia , Ribeiro Lucineia Fatima Chasko , Torrejais Márcia Miranda 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Glyphosate is an organophosphate herbicide most used in Latin America, with multisystemic effects, including the respiratory system. In this sense, the objective of this research was to analyze the muscle fibers and neuromuscular junctions (JNMs) of the diaphragm muscle of adult mice exposed to the glyphosate-based herbicide in the peripubertal period.
Methods: Twelve male mice were used, divided into a control group (CTL, n=6), which received water and a glyphosate-based herbicide group (GBH, n=6), which received 50 mg/Kg/day of Roundup®, both by gavage from 30 to 60 days. At 150 days, the animals were euthanized and the diaphragm was collected for analysis of the muscle fibers through hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome and Picrossirius Red and the JNMs through the nonspecific esterases reaction.
Results: Rounded fibers, hypereosinophilic sarcoplasm and enlarged nuclei were found predominantly in GBH. A reduction in body weight, an increase in muscle fiber morphometry, an increase in type III collagen, a decrease in the overlapping of type I and III collagen, and an increase in the area and greater diameter of the JNMs in GBH were observed.
Conclusion: Peripubertal exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides showed morphological changes characteristic of muscle degeneration and altered the morphometry of muscle fibers and JNMs of the diaphragm of adult mice.
Vector-valued convex functions
Authors: LAAYOUNI Mustapha 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper we will extend some properties of the convex real functions to thevalued functions in a Banach lattice: with adequate definitions, we will establishthat an order convex function is continuous on a convex C if and only if it iscontinuous at a point of C (Theorem 1.2). We will show that order convex functionson a compact satisfy Bauer’s maximal principle (Theorem 2.2). A fixed pointtheorem is given for the contracting orders functions (Theorem 2.3).
The system of anesthesiological support for coloproctological operations
Authors: Myshkov G. A. , Abritsova M. V. , Torchua N. R. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction. The prevalence of hemorrhoidal disease is 200 people per 1000 adult population, of which 75% are professionally active people. The choice of anesthetic support affects not only the effectiveness of the operation, but also the course of the early postoperative period. At the same time, regardless of the use of various variants of neuroaxial blockades, most authors indicate the development of complications such as acute urinary retention and severe postoperative pain syndrome in the postoperative period.Aim. To substantiate and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system of anesthesiological support for proctological operations.Material and methods. The study was conducted in 100 patients who were divided into two groups of 50 people. The operations were performed under conditions of combined anesthesia (spinal anesthesia + medical sedation). Spinal anesthesia was achieved with 0.5% isobaric bupivacaine solution, the average dose was 8.5 ± 0.12 mg. For drug sedation, a continuous infusion of propofol was used at a target concentration of 5–4–3 mg/kg per hour. The criterion for including patients in the main group was the appointment in the early postoperative period of the alpha 1 adrenoblocker tamsulosin hydrochloride at a dose of 0.4 mg/day.Results and discussion. The system of anesthetic support, including a combination of spinal anesthesia using an isobaric solution of bupivacaine at a dose of 7.5 to 10.0 mg and intravenous sedation with propofol at a target concentration of 5–4–3 mg/kg per hour, program of postoperative anesthesia based on a combination of multidirectional drug action and the appointment of alpha 1 adrenoblocker tamsulosin hydrochloride at a dose of 0.4 mg/day allows for high-quality and safe surgical treatment.Conclusion. The administration oftamsulosin hydrochloride at a dose of 0.4 mg prevented the development of acute urinary retention of patients.
ANFIS-based soft computing models for forecasting effective drought index over an arid region of India
Authors: Kikon Ayilobeni , Dodamani B. M. , Barma Surajit Deb , Naganna Sujay Raghavendra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDrought is a natural hazard that is characterized by a low amount of precipitation in a region. In order to evaluate the drought-related issues that cause chaos for human well-being, drought indices have become increasingly important. In this study, the monthly precipitation data from 1964 to 2013 (about 50 years) of the Jodhpur district in the drought-prone Rajasthan state of India was used to derive the effective drought index (EDI). The machine learning models hybridized with evolutionary optimizers such as the genetic algorithm adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (GA-ANFIS) and particle swarm optimization ANFIS (PSO-ANFIS) were used in addition to the generalized regression neural network (GRNN) to predict the EDI index. Using the partial autocorrelation function (PACF), models for forecasting the monthly EDI were constructed with 2-, 3- and 5-input combinations to evaluate their outcomes based on various performance indices. The results of the different combination models were compared. With reference to 2-input and 3-input combination models, both GA-ANFIS and PSO-ANFIS show better performance results with R2 = 0.75, while among the models with 5-input combination, GA-ANFIS depicts better performance results compared to other models with R2 = 0.78. The results are presented suitably with the aid of scatter plots, Taylor's diagram and violin plots. Overall, the GA-ANFIS and PSO-ANFIS models outperformed the GRNN model.
Application of UF and RO for power plant's wastewater treatment and recycling for environmental sustainability
Authors: Ullah Muhammad Nauman , Mushtaq Muhammad Umar , Adil Mahboob Ahmad , Sanaullah Khairuddin , Ashas Rashail , Sabir Rabia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Global indicators have warned of freshwater scarcity in Asia. However, the utilization of freshwater resources has skyrocketed for commercial and industrial purposes without any strategy for recycling and reuse. The power plant's wastewater/reject mainly consisted of cooling tower blowdown water and reverse osmosis (RO) plant reject water. Due to the high turbid nature of reject water, pretreatment was carried out to achieve SDI15 &lt;3 by employing multimedia filters (MMF), activated carbon filters (ACF) and ultrafiltration (UF). Operational parameters of RO membranes were optimized (11.5 bar, 29 °C) to achieve maximum water recovery along with higher rejection rates of critical scale forming species such as 81% total dissolved solids (TDS), 73% calcium hardness and 72% silica (Si). After accounting for backwash water and other concentrate rejections, the membrane treatment plant has achieved an appreciable recovery rate of more than 44%. The RO membrane-treated water was then incorporated in the cooling tower and a 16% reduction in freshwater makeup was achieved. Reduction of microbial growth rate as well as corrosion and scaling in the cooling tower was observed due to the reuse of treated water. This is to confirm here that brackish water RO membranes can act as a strong contender for reject water reclamation and effective utilization.
A Review of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Alpinia malaccensis (Burm. F.) Roscoe. (Zingiberaceae)
Authors: Mahawer Sonu , Kumar Ravendra , Prakash Om , Singh Shailja , Singh Rawat Dharmendra , Dubey Shiv Kumar , Oliveira Mozaniel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Alpinia malaccensis, commonly known as “Malacca ginger” and “Rankihiriya,” is an
important medicinal plant of Zingiberaceae. It is native to Indonesia and Malaysia and widely distributed
in countries including Northeast India, China, Peninsular Malaysia and Java. Due to vide
pharmacological values, it is necessary to recognize this species for its significance of pharmacological
importance.

:
This article provides the botanical characteristics, chemical compounds of vegetation, ethnopharmacological
values, therapeutic properties, along with the potential pesticidal properties of this important
medicinal plant.

:
The information in this article was gathered by searching the online journals in the databases such
as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science etc. The terms such as Alpinia malaccensis, Malacca ginger,
Rankihiriya, pharmacology, chemical composition, ethnopharmacology, etc., were used in different
combinations.

:
A detailed study of the available resources for A. malaccensis confirmed its native and distribution,
traditional values, chemical properties, and medicinal values. Its essential oils and extracts are the
reservoir of a wide range of important chemical constituents. Traditionally, it is being used to treat
nausea, vomiting and wounds along with as a seasoning agent in meat processing and as perfume.
Apart from traditional values, it has been reported for several pharmacological activities such as antioxidant,
antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory etc. We believe that this review will help to provide the
collective information of A. malaccensis to further explore it in the prevention and treatment of various
diseases and help to the systematic study of this plant to utilize its potential in various areas of
human welfare.
Establishing Protocol-based Dose Metrics for Common Abdomen and Pelvis
Computed Tomography Protocols
Authors: Dalah Entesar Zawam , Alsuwaidi Jamila Salam , AlKtebi Reem Salim , AlMulla Muna Abdellatif Ali , Gupta Priyank 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim:
The majority of the existing diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) that have been established for computed tomography (CT) are based on various anatomical locations, such as the head, chest, abdomen, etc. However, DRLs are initiated to improve radiation protection by conducting a comparison of similar examinations with similar objectives. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of establishing dose baselines based on common CT protocols for patients who underwent enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis exams.

Methods:
Dose length product total (tDLPs), volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol), size-specific dose estimate (SSDE), effective dose (E), and scan acquisition parameters for a total of 216 adult patients, who underwent an enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis exams over a one-year period, were obtained and retrospectively analyzed. Spearman coefficient and one-way ANOVA tests were used to check significant differences between dose metrics and the different CT protocols.

Results:
The data exhibited 9 different CT protocols to acquire an enhanced CT abdomen and pelvis exam at our institute. Out of these, 4 were found more common, i.e., CT protocols were acquired for a minimum of 10 cases. Triphasic liver demonstrated the highest mean and median tDLPs across all 4 CT protocols. Triphasic liver protocol registered the highest E followed by gastric sleeve protocol with a mean of 28.7 and 24.7 mSv, respectively. Significant differences (p < 0.0001) were found between the tDLPs of anatomical location and the CT protocol.

Conclusion:
Evidently, wide variability exists across CT dose indices and patient dose metrics relying on anatomical-based dose baseline, i.e., DRLs. Patient dose optimizations require establishing dose baselines based on CT protocols rather than the anatomical location.