bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrating avatar technology into a telemedicine application in heart failure patients
Authors: Gingele Arno Joachim , Amin Hesam , Vaassen Aniek , Schnur Ivana , Pearl Cathy , Brunner-La Rocca Hans-Peter , Boyne Josiane 
Published: February 2023

Summary
Background
Heart failure is a severe condition and telemedicine can improve the care of heart failure. Many patients are unable to use telemedicine applications due to visual impairment and limited health-related literacy. Avatar technology might help to overcome these limitations.

Methods
A telemedicine application was combined with a nurse avatar and offered to heart failure outpatients for 3 months. System usability and patient satisfaction were evaluated monthly by the system usability score (maximum score=100) and the patient satisfaction scale (maximum score=50).

Results
In total, 37 heart failure patients were enrolled. The mean system usability score after 1 month was 73 (standard deviation=24) and 72 (standard deviation=10) after 3 months of follow-up, which was not significantly different (p = 0.40). The mean patient satisfaction scale after 1 month was 42 (standard deviation=5) and 39 (standard deviation=8) after 3 months, which was not significantly different (p = 0.10).

Conclusion
A nurse look-a-like avatar integrated into a telemedicine application was positively assessed by heart failure patients. Future studies are warranted to clarify the role of avatar technology in telemedicine.
Short-term hepatocyte function and portal hypertension outcomes of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir for decompensated hepatitis C-related cirrhosis
Authors: Kotani Kohei , Enomoto Masaru , Uchida-Kobayashi Sawako , Tamori Akihiro , Yukawa-Muto Yoshimi , Odagiri Naoshi , Motoyama Hiroyuki , Kozuka Ritsuzo , Kawamura Etsushi , Hagihara Atsushi , Fujii Hideki , Kageyama Ken , Yamamoto Akira , Yoshida Atsushi , Higashiyama Shigeaki , Kawabe Joji , Kawada Norifumi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
It is unclear whether hepatocyte function and/or portal hypertension improves if a sustained virologic response (SVR) is achieved with direct-acting antivirals in patients with decompensated hepatitis C-related cirrhosis.

Methods
We examined the safety and efficacy of a 12-week course of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) in 20 patients with decompensated hepatitis C-related cirrhosis. We also investigated changes in the hepatocyte receptor index (LHL15) and blood clearance index (HH15) by Tc-99 m-galactosyl human serum albumin scintigraphy, liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography, and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in patients who achieved an SVR at 24 weeks after treatment (SVR24).

Results
One patient discontinued treatment because of rectal variceal hemorrhage, and 19 patients completed treatment. SVR24 was achieved in 17 patients (89%). Median LHL15 increased from 0.72 pre-treatment to 0.82 after SVR24 (p = 0.012), and median HH15 decreased from 0.82 pre-treatment to 0.76 after SVR24 (p = 0.010). The percentage of patients with LSM ≥ 20 kPa was 90% before treatment and remained at 90% after SVR24. However, the percentage with severe portal hypertension (defined as HVPG ≥ 12 mmHg) decreased from 92% pre-treatment to 58% after SVR24 (p = 0.046). Patients with a decreased HVPG from pre-treatment to after SVR24 had a smaller pre-treatment spleen volume than those with an increased HVPG (median, 252 vs. 537 mL, p = 0.028).

Conclusion
Achieving SVR24 with SOF/VEL treatment in patients with decompensated hepatitis C-related cirrhosis can be expected to improve hepatocyte function and portal hypertension on short-term follow-up.
No Signs of Long-term Greening Trend in Western Mongolian Grasslands
Authors: Hauck Markus , Klinge Michael , Erasmi Stefan , Dulamsuren Choimaa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTrends for increased vegetation greenness based on satellite-derived data have been repeatedly published for the temperate grassland biome (including forest steppes) of eastern Inner Asia since 1982. Although this greening trend has been attenuated or partially reversed by drought in the early twenty-first century, linear increases in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) or other parameters of vegetation greenness are nevertheless evident when the period since 1982 is regarded. However, the question arises whether these trends are part of a long-term trend driven by climate change, as simultaneously forests in the region show widespread drought-induced growth reductions and mortality outbreaks. Therefore, we hypothesized that the post-1982 greening trend was neither part of a long-term trend nor unprecedented. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed monthly maximum NDVI data from AVHRR time series and correlated these data with standardized tree-ring data ofLarix sibiricafrom two regions of western Mongolia. We used linear regression to model the NDVI from tree-ring anomalies and to reconstruct the NDVI since 1940. These reconstructions show that the availability of satellite-based NDVI data coincidentally began during a dry period of low vegetation greenness in the early 1980s and was followed by a wet phase in the 1990s, producing the linear greening trend. No positive long-term trend in the reconstructed NDVI was observed from 1940 to 2010. This result rules out a recent climate change-driven greening trend for the grasslands and forest steppes of western Mongolia and calls into question its existence for all of eastern Inner Asia.
Signal Processing Techniques for 6G
Authors: Mucchi Lorenzo , Shahabuddin Shahriar , Albreem Mahmoud A. M. , Abdallah Saeed , Caputo Stefano , Panayirci Erdal , Juntti Markku 
Published: February 2023

Abstract6G networks have the burden to provide not only higher performance compared to 5G, but also to enable new service domains as well as to open the door over a new paradigm of mobile communication. This paper presents an overview on the role and key challenges of signal processing (SP) in future 6G systems and networks from the conditioning of the signal at transmission to MIMO precoding and detection, from channel coding to channel estimation, from multicarrier and non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to optical wireless communications and physical layer security (PLS). We describe also the core future research challenges on technologies including machine learning based 6G design, integrated communications and sensing (ISAC), and the internet of bio-nano-things.
Influence of land cover indices and surface temperature on the metals bioaccumulation by three Macrophytes in Lake Burullus, Egypt
Authors: El-Alfy Muhammad A. , Serag Mamdouh S. , Basiony Afifi I. , Fathi Mohamed , Darwish Dina H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNowadays, the importance of using macrophytes in accumulation of heavy metals has gained great concerns. So, this study aimed at extracting the land use/cover types of three indices and surface temperatures in the habitats inside 100 m buffers from recent satellite images around three highly economic macrophytes namely;Phragmites australis, Typha domingensisandPotamogeton pectinatusspecies. In addition to land surface temperature (LST), three important indices expressing the land cover of habitats namely; normalized different vegetation index (NDVI), normalized different water index (NDWI), and normalized different moisture index (NDMI) were extracted to find out there influence on the efficiency of macrophytes in the accumulation of these metal ions; Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb. The Polynomial regression models were calculated to predict the accumulation factors of plants within the remotely sensed indices and LST. Results showed different accumulation values for individual or more metals in the below-ground and above-ground parts of macrophytes within different habitats. This study considers as an innovative approach using remote sensing technique and satellite images for the selecting of species that can accumulate more metals within different habitats. The obtained results will be useful for the optimal management of these macrophytes in Lake Burullus, a Ramsar site.
Dietary Management of Metabolic Liver Disease
Authors: Kaenkumchorn Tanyaporn K. , Patel Shreena , Berenhaut Esther , Kohli Rohit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Metabolic liver diseases encompass several different inherited conditions that affect metabolism and can lead to hepatic dysfunction. Understanding the role of dietary interventions is critical, as nutrition continues to play a large role in management of these diseases and at times can even be lifesaving.

Recent Findings
Despite novel genetic and enzymatic therapies, dietary management remains fundamental in inherited metabolic diseases of the liver. Appropriate restriction, supplementation, and overall nutrition must be taken into consideration for optimal growth and hepatoprotection.

Summary
Understanding the pathophysiology of diseases, as well as how nutritional approaches fit into treatment paradigms, allows for optimal care of patients with metabolic liver disease. Treatment should be multidisciplinary and include a dietician with expertise in metabolic disease.
Geometric Invariance of the Semi-classical Calculus on Nilpotent Graded Lie Groups
Authors: Kammerer Clotilde Fermanian , Fischer Véronique , Flynn Steven 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the semi-classical setting constructed on nilpotent graded Lie groups by means of representation theory. Our aim is to analyze the effects of the pull-back by diffeomorphisms on pseudodifferential operators. We restrict to diffeomorphisms that preserve the filtration and prove that they are uniformly Pansu differentiable. We show that the pull-back of a semi-classical pseudodifferential operator by such a diffeomorphism has a semi-classical symbol that is expressed at leading order in terms of the Pansu differential. Finally, we interpret the geometric meaning of this invariance in the setting of filtered manifolds.
Local weld geometry-based characterization of fatigue strength in laser-MAG hybrid welded joints
Authors: Niraula Abinab , Remes Heikki , Lehto Pauli 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This
research studies the influence of local weld notch parameters on fatigue crack initiation sites in laser-hybrid butt welds, utilizing high-resolution 3D scans and fatigue tests to failure. The suitability of different local geometric weld notch parameters for fatigue strength characterization is investigated, and the current challenges associated with their measurements are highlighted. The weld notch shapes were found to fluctuate significantly, resulting in considerable variation in notch parameters over short intervals. Undercut depth was found to determine the critical location for crack initiation. There were several instances where the fatigue crack initiated from notches with large radii despite the presence of sharper notches, contrary to what is expected on the basis of previous investigations. The results of the present study indicate that the undercut depth is a suitable fatigue strength indicator for high-quality laser-MAG hybrid welds, overcoming the practical limitations of notch radius measurement.
Mean Oscillation Gradient Estimates for Elliptic Systems in Divergence Form with VMO Coefficients
Authors: Nguyen Luc 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe consider gradient estimates for H1 solutions of linear elliptic systems in divergence form $\partial _{\alpha }(A_{ij}^{\alpha \beta } \partial _{\beta } u^{j}) = 0$

∂

α

(

A

i
j

α
β

∂

β

u

j

)
=
0
. It is known that the Dini continuity of coefficient matrix $A = (A_{ij}^{\alpha \beta }) $
A
=
(

A

i
j

α
β

)
is essential for the differentiability of solutions. We prove the following results:(a) If A satisfies a condition slightly weaker than Dini continuity but stronger than belonging to VMO, namely that the L2 mean oscillation ωA,2 of A satisfies
$ X_{A,2} := \limsup\limits_{r\rightarrow 0} r {{\int \limits }_{r}^{2}} \frac {\omega _{A,2}(t)}{t^{2}} \exp \left (C_{*} {{\int \limits }_{t}^{R}} \frac {\omega _{A,2}(s)}{s} ds\right ) dt < \infty , $

X

A
,
2

:
=

lim sup

r
→
0

r

∫

r

2

ω

A
,
2

(
t
)

t

2

exp

C

∗

∫

t

R

ω

A
,
2

(
s
)

s

d
s

d
t
<
∞
,
where C∗ is a positive constant depending only on the dimensions and the ellipticity, then ∇u ∈ BMO.(b) If XA,2 = 0, then ∇u ∈ VMO.(c) Finally, examples satisfying XA,2 = 0 are given showing that it is not possible to prove the boundedness of ∇u in statement (b), nor the continuity of ∇u when $\nabla u \in L^{\infty } \cap VMO$
∇
u
∈

L

∞

∩
V
M
O
.
Flexibility Characterization, Aggregation, and Market Design Trends with a High Share of Renewables: a Review
Authors: Granado Pedro Crespo del , Rajasekharan Jayaprakash , Pandiyan Surya Venkatesh , Tomasgard Asgeir , Kara Güray , Farahmand Hossein , Jaehnert Stefan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Balancing a large share of solar and wind power generation in the power system will require a well synchronized coordination of all possible flexibility sources. This entails developing market designs that incentivize flexibility providers, and define new flexibility products. To this end, the paper reviews latest trends in the characterization of flexibility by understanding its dimensions in terms of time, spatiality, resource type, and associated risks. Also, as aggregators have emerged as important actors to deliver, and to reward end-user flexibility, the paper reviews latest trends in the topic.

Recent Findings
The review reports latest trends and discussions on power system flexibility and their relations to market design. The current academic literature indicates that there are open question and limited research on how to reward short-term flexibility while considering its long-term economic viability. Demand-side flexibility through aggregation holds great potential to integrate renewables.

Summary
Research in power system flexibility has to put effort on analysing new time-structures of electricity markets and define new marketplaces that consider the integration of new flexibility products, actors (e.g. aggregators, end-users), and mechanisms (e.g. TSO-DSO coordination).
Osteoporosi premenopausale
Authors: Minisola Salvatore , De Martino Viviana , Occhiuto Marco 
Published: February 2023

SommarioL’osteoporosi premenopausale viene definita come un’osteoporosi a insorgenza prima della fisiologica cessazione della funzione gonadica, in assenza di qualsiasi causa identificabile che possa sottendere la riduzione della densità minerale ossea. Vi sono infatti numerose malattie, condizioni oppure farmaci che sono in grado di determinare una riduzione della densità minerale ossea non solo nella donna in premenopausa ma anche nella donna in postmenopausa e nel soggetto di sesso maschile. La reale prevalenza dell’osteoporosi premenopausale non è chiara, principalmente perché non vi è accordo unanime sui criteri diagnostici. Il percorso diagnostico non differisce da quello che viene utilizzato nelle altre malattie metaboliche dello scheletro. Per ciò che concerne la terapia, è necessario fornire ai pazienti un adeguato apporto di calcio e vitamina D, suggerire una dieta bilanciata soprattutto per quanto riguarda l’apporto proteico e consigliare, infine, un’adeguata attività fisica. Nei casi in cui è opportuno impostare una terapia farmacologica, occorre dare la preferenza ai farmaci a emivita breve in considerazione della fertilità delle pazienti. Infine, è necessario un coordinamento con specialisti di numerose branche della medicina per la migliore gestione di queste giovani malate.
Wildlife Population Assessment: Changing Priorities Driven by Technological Advances
Authors: Buckland S. T. , Borchers D. L. , Marques T. A. , Fewster R. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdvances in technology are having a large effect on the priorities for innovation in statistical ecology. Collaborations between statisticians and ecologists have always been important in driving methodological development, but increasingly, expertise from computer scientists and engineers is also needed. We discuss changes that are occurring and that may occur in the future in surveys for estimating animal abundance. As technology advances, we expect classical distance sampling and capture-recapture to decrease in importance, as camera (still and video) survey, acoustic survey, spatial capture-recapture and genetic methods continue to develop and find new applications. We explore how these changes are impacting the work of the statistical ecologist.
Evaluation of a real-time simulation environment for helicopter air-to-air refuelling investigations
Authors: Schmidt S.O. , Jones M. , Löchert P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe ability to perform air-to-air refuelling (AAR) can dramatically extend the utility of helicopters, through effectively providing unlimited range. For helicopters, AAR is typically performed utilising the probe-and-drogue aerial refuelling method. This is a complex manoeuver, where normally both the helicopter and tanker aircraft are operating at the limits of their flight envelopes. In addition, the wake flow from the tanker aircraft can cause a significant disturbance on the refuelling helicopter. This paper presents the initial evaluation of an AAR scenario constructed within DLR’s flight simulator, the Air Vehicle Simulator (AVES), based on current procedures and pilot interviews. A mission task was defined to assess the scenario in AVES and results are subsequently discussed. For pilots unfamiliar to formation flight or HAAR, the results show the difficulty of the flying task itself at the given cueing. Measures for improvement in future investigations are suggested.
Respiratory culture nudge improves antibiotic prescribing for Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae lower respiratory tract infections
Authors: Arena Christen J. , Kenney Rachel M. , Kendall Ronald E. , Tibbetts Robert J. , Veve Michael P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We compared optimal antibiotic prescribing before and after implementing an interpretive β-lactamase microbiology comment for Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis in lower respiratory-tract infections. The postintervention group was associated with 5-fold increased odds of optimal de-escalation (adjusted odds ratio, 5.03; 95% confidence interval, 2.57–9.87).
Examining livestock depredation and the determinants of people's attitudes towards snow leopards in the Himalayas of Nepal
Authors: Shahi Kabindra , Aryal Siddhartha , Blon Rupak Kumar , Khanal Gopal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLivestock depredation by snow leopards Panthera uncia poses a significant threat to the livelihoods of pastoral communities and engenders negative attitudes towards the species, threatening its survival. We conducted 104 semi-structured interviews within local communities (livestock herders and owners) in the Nyesyang valley of Manang District, in the Annapurna Conservation Area, western Nepal, to assess the status of livestock depredation and community attitudes towards snow leopards. During February 2016–January 2018, respondents reportedly lost 279 livestock to snow leopards (mean loss of 1.3 livestock per household), comprising 3.7% of the total stockholding in 2018. This loss amounts to a monetary loss of USD 319 per annum for each household. Only half of the households who lost livestock to snow leopards in the previous 2 years received compensation from the Conservation Area. Almost an equal proportion of respondents held positive (42%) and negative (41%) attitudes towards snow leopards. An ordered logistic regression analysis revealed that being a woman, being illiterate, owning a high number of large-bodied livestock and relying primarily on agropastoralism were factors associated significantly with negative attitudes towards snow leopards. We recommend focusing conservation education on illiterate community members and engaging more women in conservation programmes, along with a community-based insurance scheme for large-sized livestock to mitigate losses and improve local community attitudes towards snow leopards.
How does news exposure shape citizens' perceptions of and behavioral responses toward corruption?: information acquisition, blame attribution, and behavioral response
Authors: Park Jeeyoung , Chang Kiyoung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper mainly deals with the relationship between citizens' levels of news exposure and their behaviors toward the president's corruption scandal in South Korea. In particular, we examine how an individual's level of news exposure affected his/her level of political information about the corruption scandal, perception of then President Park Geun-hye's responsibility for corruption, and participation in anti-Park protests or counter-protests. In this paper, we argue that more exposure to consistent news reports of the president's corruption increases the amount of information citizens with different political dispositions have in common. The more their sets of political information overlap, the closer their perceptions and behavioral choices regarding a corruption scandal are likely to be.
Tomographic Retrievals of Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Volcanic Aerosol
Authors: Bourassa Adam E. , Zawada Daniel J. , Rieger Landon A. , Warnock Taran W. , Toohey Matthew , Degenstein Doug A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe 2022 eruption of the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai volcano caused substantial impacts on the atmosphere, including a massive injection of water vapor, and the largest increase in stratospheric aerosol for 30 years. The Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) Limb Profiler instrument has been critical in monitoring the amount and spread of the volcanic aerosol in the stratosphere. We show that the rapid imagery from the OMPS instrument enables a tomographic retrieval of the aerosol extinction that reduces a critical bias of up to a factor of two, and improves vertical structure and agreement with coincident lidar and occultation observations. Due to the vertically thin and heterogeneous nature of the volcanic aerosol, this impacts integrated values of aerosol across latitude, altitude, and time for several months. We also investigate the systematic impact of uncertainty in assumed particle size that result in an underestimation of the aerosol extinction at the peak of the volcanic aerosol layer.
Changes in Winter Temperature Extremes From Future Arctic Sea‐Ice Loss and Ocean Warming
Authors: Lo Y. T. Eunice , Mitchell Dann M. , Watson Peter A. G. , Screen James A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObserved rapid Arctic warming and sea‐ice loss are likely to continue in the future, unless and after greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to net‐zero. Here, we examine the possible effects of future sea‐ice loss at 2°C global warming above pre‐industrial levels on winter temperature extremes across the Northern Hemisphere, using coordinated experiments from the Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project. 1‐in‐20‐year cold extremes are simulated to become less severe at high‐ and mid‐latitudes in response to Arctic sea‐ice loss. 1‐in‐20‐year winter warm extremes become warmer at northern high latitudes due to sea‐ice loss, but warm by less than cold extremes. We compare the response to sea‐ice loss to that from global sea surface temperature (SST) change also at 2°C global warming. SST change causes less severe cold extremes and more severe warm extremes globally. Except northern high latitudes, the response to SST change is of larger magnitude than that to Arctic sea‐ice loss.