bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding and Swallowing Characteristics of Children With Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula
Authors: Maybee Jennifer , Deck Jacklyn , Jensen Emily , Ruiz Amanda , Kinder Sarah , DeBoer Emily 
Published: February 2023

Objectives:This study aimed to characterize feeding/swallowing difficulties in children with esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula (EA/TEF) and evaluate associations among feeding difficulties, pharyngeal dysphagia (PD), and other aerodigestive evaluation findings.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study of feeding/swallowing characteristics of 44 patients with EA/TEF treated in the aerodigestive program of a single academic medical institution from 2010 to 2015. Demographics, comorbidities, presence and characteristics of feeding/swallowing difficulties, and results of relevant diagnostic tests [videofluoroscopic swallow studies (VFSS), clinical feeding evaluations (CFEs), chest computerized tomography (CT) scans, pulmonary bronchoscopies, and upper GI (UGI)/esophagrams] were reviewed.Results:Fifty percent of the cohort had PD and 88.6% had feeding difficulties. Across 118 encounters (87 VFSS and 31 CFEs), feeding difficulties suggestive of esophageal dysphagia were most frequently seen in children over 48 months and feeding difficulties suggestive of developmental feeding problems were most frequently seen in children from 24 to 48 months. Abnormal findings were present in 59.8% of VFSS, with aspiration (34.5%) and pharyngeal residue (26.4%) the most frequently observed signs of dysphagia. Abnormal UGI/esophagram findings were not associated with significantly increased risk of feeding difficulties during visits within 3 months (risk ratio, RR = 1.33). Presence of dysphagia was associated with increased risk for some abnormal CT findings (RR= 3.0 for airspace and 3.0 for bronchiectasis).Conclusions:Feeding/swallowing difficulties are common in EA/TEF, and types of feeding difficulties vary by patient age. The presence of abnormal findings on UGI/esophagram did not increase the risk of feeding complaints; however, the presence of dysphagia increased the risk of abnormal chest CT.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Pediatric Oncology Patients: A Matched–Cohort Analysis of the SCCM Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study COVID-19 Registry
Authors: Balakumar Niveditha , Catueno Samanta , Nadiger Meghana , Keshavamurthy Prithvi Raj Sendi , Totapally Balagangadhar R. , Sherani Farha , Mba Nkechi , Gist Katja M. , Tripathi Sandeep , Gajic Ognjen , Deo Neha , Kumar Vishakha , Walkey Allan , Kashyap Rahul , Bhalala Utpal S. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
There is a paucity of multicenter data describing the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on hospitalized pediatric oncology patients. Using a large, multicenter, Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) Discovery Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness University Study (VIRUS) database, we aimed at assessing outcomes of COVID-19 infection in this population.

Method:
This is a matched-cohort study involving children below 18 years of age hospitalized with COVID-19 between March 2020 and January 2021. Using the VIRUS; COVID-19 Registry database, children with oncologic diseases were compared with propensity score matched (age groups, sex, race, and ethnicity) cohort of children without oncologic diseases for the prevalence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), intensive care unit (ICU) admission, interventions, hospital, and ICU length of stay.

Results:
The number of children in the case and control groups was 45 and 180, respectively. ICU admission rate was similar in both groups ([47.7 vs 51.7%], P=0.63). The proportion of children requiring noninvasive and invasive mechanical ventilation, and its duration were similar between groups, same as hospital mortality. Interestingly, MIS-C was significantly lower in the oncology group compared with the control (2.4 vs 24.6%; P=0.0002).

Conclusions:
In this study using a multicenter VIRUS database, ICU admission rate, interventions, and outcomes of COVID-19 were similar in children with the oncologic disease compared with control patients. The incidence of MIS-C is lower in oncologic patients.
Inflammatory Breast Cancer: Understanding the Patient Experience
Authors: Whisenant Meagan S. , Alexander Angela , Woodward Wendy A. , Teshome Mediget , Ueno Naoto Tada , Williams Loretta A. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive, locally advanced cancer with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 40%. Although patients with IBC likely experience significant and variable symptom burden from diagnosis through survivorship, the description of the symptom burden in this population is limited.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of patients with IBC and define the content domain for a patient-reported outcome measure of IBC symptom burden.

Methods
Twenty patients with IBC described their experience in single qualitative interviews. Content analysis was used to define the symptom burden content domain. Relevance ratings by a panel of experts reduced the number of items for a preliminary patient-reported outcome symptom burden measure.

Results
The mean (SD) participant age was 52.8 (12.0) years; 50.0% had distant metastatic disease, and 85.0% were currently receiving treatment. Content analysis revealed 45 symptoms, with 20 symptoms reported by greater than or equal to 20% of participants. All participants described localized disease-related symptoms. Treatment-related symptoms varied among participants based on the modalities received.

Conclusion
Patients with IBC experience symptom burden that is distinct from the symptom burden experienced by patients with non-IBC.

Implications for Practice
Differentiating the disease-related symptoms of IBC may assist clinicians in making timely and accurate diagnoses for IBC. A disease- and treatment-specific measure of the symptom burden of IBC should be incorporated in clinical practice to allow for regular assessment and evaluation of symptom burden and implementation of evidence-based interventions for symptom management.
Family Caregivers of Adult Cancer Patients in Oman: Predictors of Caregivers’ Self-efficacy for Cancer Pain and Related Symptom Management at Home
Authors: Kizza Irene B. , Muliira Joshua K. , Al Jabri Kawthar Ali , Al-Kindi Sumaiya Nasser 
Published: February 2023

Background
Family caregivers (FCGs) contribute significantly to the management of pain and other symptoms experienced by their family member with cancer and may not receive preparation to meet the changing patient needs.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of FCG self-efficacy (SE) for pain and related symptom management of adult family members with cancer.

Methods
Data were collected from 165 Omani FCGs. The questionnaire comprised the caregiver cancer pain and related symptom management SE scale, the Katz index, Caregiver Reaction Assessment, and Family Pain Questionnaire. Electronic medical records provided data on patients’ cancer diagnosis, pain, and symptoms. Predictors of SE were examined using linear regression analysis.

Results
Most FCGs were female (58.2%) and children of the patient (53.9%). Most patients were on chemotherapy or palliative care (82.4%) and had at least stage 3 cancer (58.8%). Family caregivers reported average SE. The predictors of SE were as follows: patients’ functional status (β = 40.90, P = .001), patients’ pain intensity (β = −15.10, P = .036), FCGs’ confidence in controlling the patients’ pain (β = 28.80, P = .000), FCGs’ self-rated health (β = −25.90, P = .038), and interaction of FCGs’ knowledge level with patients’ pain intensity (β = −1.31, P = .008), caregiving hours (β = −0.10, P = .025), and impact of caregiving on FCGs’ physical health (β = 1.29, P = .031).

Conclusion
Family caregivers’ health status, knowledge, caregiving demands, patient functional status, and pain intensity have a significant effect on caregivers’ symptom management.

Implications for Practice
A deliberate model of care that includes supportive interventions to enhance the abilities of FCGs with symptom management is needed in Oman.
The Effects of Self-Acupressure on Pain, Fatigue, and Sleep Quality in Colon and Pancreatic Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Bahçecioğlu Turan Gülcan , Özer Zülfünaz , Yanmış Safiye , Aksoy Asude 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundPancreatic and colon cancer are among important gastrointestinal cancer diseases. Pain, fatigue, and insomnia are among the most common symptoms in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Self-acupressure may improve patients’ pain, fatigue, sleep quality, quality of life, and functional well-being.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of self-acupressure application on pain, fatigue, and sleep quality in colon and pancreatic cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.MethodsThis randomized controlled study was conducted with 60 patients in treatment for pancreatic or colon cancer, 30 in the intervention and 30 in the control group, between June and October 2021. Participants in the intervention group were asked to complete 16 acupressure sessions for 4 weeks, 2 days a week in the morning and afternoon for a total of 18 minutes, depending on the preparation and pressure time on 4 pressure points. Control group participants did not receive any interventions during the study. The data were collected by using a personal information form, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Piper Fatigue Scale, and the visual analog scale.ResultsAfter self-acupressure, the visual analog scale, Piper Fatigue Scale, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores of the intervention group decreased when compared with the control group scores; the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant.ConclusionSelf-acupressure was effective in reducing the pain, fatigue, and sleep disorder scores of patients with colon or pancreatic cancer receiving chemotherapy.Implications for PracticeIn nursing practice, self-acupressure, an applicable, accessible, and inexpensive method in the management of cancer-related symptoms, can be supported and maintained during a 4-week period.
Race, Neighborhood Opportunity, and Life-Threatening Complications in Children With Cancer
Authors: Savage Beth , Cole Peter D. , Lin Haiqun 
Published: February 2023

Background
Racial disparities exist in the incidence and severity of life-threatening complications of childhood cancer and its treatment. Little research has been conducted to examine the sociocultural pathways that are underlying these inequities.

Objective
This study examined the association between race and complications and the intermediary pathway of a child’s access to opportunity in the neighborhood environment. A secondary objective was to determine if this indirect effect differs as the child becomes older and exposure to the neighborhood environment increases.

Methods
This is an analysis of publicly available data. Regression models estimated direct associations between race and complications, as well as the effect of the mediator, neighborhood opportunity. Moderated-mediation analysis was used to determine the conditional influence of age.

Results
Compared with non-Hispanic White children, non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic children are at increased odds of developing 1 or more life-threatening complications when hospitalized with cancer. Neighborhood opportunity is a significant indirect pathway underlying these relationships. This intermediary effect is significant only for older children.

Conclusions
Neighborhood opportunity is a significant indirect pathway underlying the racial inequities in the risk of life-threatening complications. This effect is significant only for older children.

Implications for Practice
The inclusion of indicators such as inequitable allocation of resources to highly segregated neighborhoods and rigorous statistical model development in outcomes research are critical in addressing and mitigating racial disparities in childhood cancer.
Socratic Inquiry, Syllogism, Schematic Cases, and Symbolism
Authors: Fink Anne M. , Martyn-Nemeth Pamela 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Critical thinking is an essential nursing competency. Faculty can teach students how to think critically by emphasizing the connections between their philosophy and nursing curricula to ensure that students recognize the cognitive processes they use to make complex decisions.

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to examine the definitions, history, and utility of philosophical perspectives that inform critical thinking. We explain several approaches: Socratic inquiry, syllogism, schematic cases, and symbolism.

Methods:
We conducted a narrative review about educational approaches and their associated philosophies.

Results:
Philosophical awareness can enhance students' abilities to examine data, communicate ideas, evaluate diverse opinions, understand theories, and apply innovative solutions to problems they will encounter in clinical practice.

Conclusions:
Clinical issue dialogues, dramatizations (that link philosophical and practical themes), self-reflection exercises, and case studies (that are less content-laden and more focused on nurses' theories and decision-making processes) represent important and innovative critical thinking skill-building exercises.
Community Health Outside the Exam Room
Authors: Yingling Charles T. , Nisi Robyn , McNamara Mary , House Keisha , Cotler Karen , Durham Marianne , Handrup Cynthia T. , Vaez Kelly 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The curricular requirements of nurse practitioner (NP) programs are well established. NP students' clinical practicums provide a context for the extracurricular acquisition of administrative, operational, and systems-focused NP skills.

Problem:
Acquisition of extracurricular NP skills is variable and highly dependent on a student's clinical placements. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated this variability by limiting students' access to traditional clinical rotations.

Approach:
With our practice partners, we inventoried the behaviors that are associated with new graduate NP readiness for practice in community health centers. We then developed an extracurricular seminar series to develop these behaviors. Each seminar in the series was presented by a preceptor.

Outcomes:
Students reported gains in their perceived readiness to practice. The casual format and preceptor presenters were highly valued by students.

Conclusions:
NP educators should consider leveraging academic-practice partnerships to standardize students' acquisition of administrative, operational, and systems-focused NP competencies.
What Would You Do?
Authors: Littleton Caroline , Bolus Victoria , Wood Tara , Clark James , Wingo Nancy , Watts Penni 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Engaging remote learners can be challenging for nurse educators. With an increase in virtual learning, nurse educators are seeking activities that support engagement and improve critical thinking.

Problem:
Students in virtual classes need learning experiences that support critical thinking and involve appropriate case studies for knowledge application.

Approach:
Stop-action video vignettes as unfolding case studies employ technology that can facilitate critical thinking and active learning in a virtual setting. Stop-action video vignettes can be useful in enhancing student learning through 3 methods: video-based discussion, text-based discussion, and branching matrices.

Conclusion:
Stop-action video vignettes with unfolding case studies may provide effective and versatile activities to engage students and enhance learning
Maintaining and Enhancing Nursing Students’ Pharmacology Knowledge to Improve Patient Safety
Authors: Prochnow Laura , Harden Karen , Riley Penny 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Nurses play a vital role in the medication administration process and are frequently involved in adverse drug events (ADEs). One identified cause of ADEs is lack of pharmacology knowledge received during their training and/or failure to maintain this core information: the latter cause has been described as skill decay.

Purpose:
The purpose of this quality improvement project was to implement an online pharmacology review program to maintain and/or improve nursing students’ pharmacology knowledge, thus decreasing skill decay over the school’s summer break.

Methods:
Nursing students enrolled in a 4-year BSN program participated in a virtual pharmacology knowledge review program consisting of a pretest survey, learning modules, quizzes, and a final posttest survey.

Results:
Comparisons showed statistical significance in test score improvement from pretest to posttest.

Conclusions:
This project demonstrates that a review program can enhance nursing students’ pharmacology knowledge throughout their summer break. It adds to the limited data about the need for pharmacology programs to decrease skill decay.
Neonatal Fragile Skin
Authors: Moss Colleen Reilly 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Infants with fragile skin pose challenges to neonatal providers, including the difficult nature of securing lifesaving devices. A paucity of information exists supporting best simulation practices in educating neonatal nurse practitioner (NNP) students on how to care for infants with fragile skin.

Purpose:
To evaluate whether simulation improved student knowledge and self-confidence related to caring for infants with fragile skin.

Methods:
This quality improvement project included a pre/posttest survey with a sample of 14 NNP students. Participants practiced application of a multilayered dressing to secure a catheter to a neonatal manikin. Knowledge and self-confidence were measured before and after simulation.

Results:
Correct responses on posttest survey knowledge items increased along with students' confidence ratings following simulation. Students reported high levels of satisfaction with the simulation experience.

Conclusions:
Simulation of caring for fragile skin allows NNP students the opportunity to improve self-confidence, knowledge, and performance of a necessary skill for NNPs.
Clinical Judgment Development and Assessment in Clinical Nursing Education
Authors: Calcagni Laura , Lindell Deborah , Weaver Amy , Jackson Molly 
Published: February 2023

Background:There is a gap in evidence for effective clinical teaching strategies to promote nursing students' development of clinical judgment (CJ).Purpose:This study examined the effect of active learning strategies (ALSs) during clinical postconference sessions on the CJ of undergraduate nursing students.Methods:This quasi-experimental study of ALSs or standard postconferences used the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR) to rate CJ at 3 time points. All faculty members and students were trained on use of the LCJR. Ratings were done by both faculty and students.Results:All ratings of CJ improved over time (P< .001). Ratings of CJ varied between the control and intervention groups.Conclusions:The findings of this study contribute to knowledge regarding the effectiveness of clinical teaching strategies for CJ and preparation for entry to nursing practice.
Faculty Practice as an Educational Strategy
Authors: Gonzales Kelly , Holmes LeAnn , Klein Abbey , Hanish Alyson , Struwe Leeza 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Outcomes data are deficient in demonstrating the impact of faculty practice on education.

Purpose:
To examine nurse practitioner (NP) student, faculty, and administrator perspectives on faculty practice as an educational strategy.

Methods:
NP students, faculty, and administrators from 6 different universities were surveyed.

Results:
A total of 173 students, 25 faculty members, and 11 administrators participated. Results provide information on perspectives of faculty practice as an educational strategy pertaining to evaluation of education outcomes, overall education, didactic education, and clinical education.

Conclusion:
Faculty practice has educational benefits and brings value to nursing education, although evidentiary support is lacking.
In Vitro Isolation of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum From Fresh and Frozen Needle Aspirates of Primary Experimental Syphilis Lesions
Authors: Tantalo Lauren C. , Molini Barbara J. , Bose Mahashweta , Klausner Jeffrey D. , Giacani Lorenzo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Isolation of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum strains still relies on rabbit intratesticular inoculation of clinical samples. In this article, we report an alternative isolation approach based on the inoculation of fresh and frozen needle aspirates of primary experimental lesions into culture plates suitable for in vitro propagation of the syphilis agent.
Effectiveness of Cefixime for the Treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infection at 3 Anatomic Sites: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yang Kevin J. , Kojima Noah , Bristow Claire C. , Klausner Jeffrey D. 
Published: February 2023

Background
To treat Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends a single oral dose of cefixime as an alternative to injectable ceftriaxone.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to describe the effectiveness of cefixime in treating N. gonorrhoeae infection at 3 different anatomic sites.
We searched PubMed and Embase database to abstract treatment success rates and cefixime dosage/frequency for studies that reported the anatomical site of infection. We included reports published between January 1, 1980, and December 7, 2021. Twenty studies published between 1989 and 2015 were included in our meta-analysis. We calculated pooled treatment success percentages and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random-effects models.

Results
Of patients who received a 400-mg single dose of cefixime, 824 of 846 (97%; 95% CI, 96%–98%) patients with urogenital infection, 107 of 112 (97%; 95% CI, 84%–100%) patients with rectal infection, and 202 of 242 (89%; 95% CI, 76%–96%) patients with pharyngeal infection were cured. Of patients who received an 800-mg single dose of cefixime, 295 of 301 (98%; 95% CI, 96%–99%) patients with urogenital infection and 21 of 26 (81%; 95% CI, 61%–92%) patients with pharyngeal infection were cured.

Conclusions
Our meta-analysis found that cefixime is highly effective at treating urogenital infections and less effective at treating pharyngeal infections. We recommend more investigation into the effectiveness of cefixime in treating rectal infections and studying multidose therapy for the cefixime treatment of pharyngeal infection.