bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypertension-mediated Cardiac Damage Among Romanian Adult Hypertensive Patients: A Post-hoc Echocardiographic Analysis of the SEPHAR IV Epidemiological Survey
Authors: Vîjîiac Aura , Cojocaru Cosmin , Gheorghe-Fronea Oana , Parepa Irinel , Pop Călin , Benedek Theodora , Darabont Roxana , Stănciulescu Diana , Stănciulescu Laura , Branea Ioana Antonia , Vizitiu Anamaria , Itu Lucian Mihai , Dorobanţu Maria 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: Data regarding cardiac damage in Romanian hypertensive adults are scarce. Our aim was to assess hypertension-mediated subclinical and clinical cardiac damage using a post-hoc echocardiographic analysis of a national epidemiological survey.

Methods: A representative sample of 1477 subjects was included in the SEPHAR IV (Study for the Evaluation of Prevalence of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk in an Adult Population in Romania) survey. We retrieved echocardiographic data for 976 subjects, who formed our study group. Cardiac damage included left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (defined as an LV mass > 95 g/m2 in females and > 115 g/m2 in males), coronary artery disease (CAD), and LV diastolic and systolic dysfunction.

Results: Hypertension prevalence was 46.0% in SEPHAR IV and 45.3% in our study subgroup. Hypertensives had a higher prevalence of LV hypertrophy, CAD, diastolic dysfunction (p<0.001 for all) and systolic dysfunction (p=0.03) than normotensives. Age (OR=1.05;95% CI,1.03–1.08;p<0.001), female sex (OR=2.07;95% CI,1.24–3.45;p=0.006), and systolic blood pressure (OR=1.02;95% CI,1.01−1.04;p=0.026) were independent predictors of LVH in hypertensives. Age was a predictor of diastolic dysfunction (OR=1.04;95% CI,1.02−1.06;p<0.001), and female sex was a protective factor against systolic dysfunction (OR=0.26;95% CI,0.10–0.71;p=0.009). Age (OR=1.05;95% CI,1.02−1.07;p<0.001) and dyslipidemia (OR=1.89;95% CI,1.20–3.00;p=0.007) were independent determinants of CAD in hypertensives.

Conclusion: The prevalence of cardiac damage in Romanian hypertensives is high. Both non-modifiable risk factors (such as age and gender) and modifiable (such as dyslipidemia and systolic blood pressure) risk factors are independent predictors of cardiac damage in hypertensives.
Interventional Management of Acute Thrombosis of the Modified Blalock-taussig Shunt in a Case of Tricuspid Atresia
Authors: Hadadi László , Toma Roxana , Pop Marian , Blesneac Cristina , Sglimbea Anca Ioana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Acute thrombosis of the modified Blalock-Taussig shunt (mBTS) in patients with univentricular physiology is a life-threatening event.
Case presentation: We present a case of acute mBTS thrombosis complicating a hemodynamic evaluation before a bidirectional Glenn procedure for tricuspid atresia. After failed balloon angioplasty and catheter-directed selective thrombolysis, the patient was successfully managed by stent implantation into the thrombosed shunt. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first case of acute mBTS thrombosis treated by catheter intervention in Romania.
Conclusions: Even a routine invasive hemodynamic evaluation might be complicated by a life-threatening condition. Stent implantation in the setting of acute mBTS thrombosis could be lifesaving.
Protective technologies of modern methods of respiratory support in neonatal practice
Authors: Ryumin V. E. , Kinzhalova S. V. , Chistyakova G. N. , Remizova I. I. , Kadochnikova P. A. 
Published: March 2023

The article presents an analysis of literature data on modern protective regimens for invasive respiratory support in premature newborns with respiratory distress syndrome. We have considered positive and negative aspects of the used methods of invasive ventilation of the lungs, which are currently widely used as a method of respiratory therapy in obstetric hospitals at any level, even in the category of children with extremely and very low birth weight. Modern protective mechanical ventilation provides for 2 main directions for reducing ventilator-induced lung damage: a decrease in tidal volume (Vt) and the principle of tolerable (permissive) hypercapnia. The use of the technique of permissive hypercapnia and regimens with a target volume can reduce the likelihood of ventilator-induced lung injury in newborns. Despite the limited indications for mechanical ventilation in modern neonatology and the widespread use of non-invasive ventilation, for patients who really need mechanical ventilation, the use of volume-targeted regimens offers the best chance of reducing ventilation complications.
BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS FOR TWICE DEGENERATE DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH MULTIPLE CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Кожанов А. И. , Зикиров О.С. 
Published: March 2023

Работа посвящена исследованию разрешимости краевых задач для вырождающихся дифференциальных уравнений вида $$varphi(t)u_t-(-1)^mpsi(t)D^{2m+1}_{x}u+c(x,t)u=f(x,t)$$ ($D^k_x=frac{partial^k}{partialx^k,,mgeq 1}$ целое, $xin(0,1),, tin(0,T),,0<T<+infty,$ называемых уравнениями с кратными характеристиками. В этих уравнениях функция $varphi(t)$ может менять знак на отрезке $[0, T]$ произвольным образом, функция $psi(t)$ предполагается неотрицательной. Для изучаемых уравнений предлагаются постановки краевых задач, существенным образом определяющиеся числами $varphi(0)$ и $varphi(T)$, и для предложенных задач доказываются теоремы существования и единственности регулярных (имеющих все обобщенные по С. Л. Соболеву производные, входящие в уравнение) решений.
We study the solvability of boundary value problems for degenerate differential equations of the form $$varphi(t)u_t-(-1)^mpsi(t)D^{2m+1}_{x}u+c(x,t)u=f(x,t)$$ ($D^k_x=frac{partial^k}{partialx^k,,mgeq 1}$ is an integer, $xin(0,1),, tin(0,T),,0<T<+infty,$ called equations with multiple characteristics. In these equations, the function $varphi(t)$ can change the sign on the interval $[0, T]$ arbitrarily, while the function $psi(t)$ is assumed nonnegative. For the equations under consideration, we propose the formulation of boundary value problems which are essentially determined by numbers $varphi(0)$ and $psi(T)$. Existence and uniqueness theorems are proved for the regular solutions that have all Sobolev generalized derivatives entering into the equation.
Applying Lienard–Schipar’s method to solving of homogeneous fractional differential Euler-type equations on an interval
Authors: Жуковская Н.В. , Ситник С.М. . 
Published: March 2023

Получено решение однородного дифференциального уравнения дробного порядка типа Эйлера на интервале в классе функций, представимых дробным интегралом порядка $\alpha$ с плотностью из $L_1(0; 1).$ С помощью метода эрмитовых форм (метода Льенара-Шипара) получены условия разрешимости для случаев двух, трех и любого конечного числа производных. Показано, что в случае, когда характеристическое уравнение имеет кратные корни, исходное уравнение допускает решение с логарифмическими особенностями.
We present the solution of the homogeneous fractional differential Euler-type equation on the half-axis in the class of functions representable by the fractional integral of order $\alpha$ with the density of $L_1(0; 1).$ Using the method of Hermitian forms (Lienard–Schipar’s method), solvability conditions are obtained for the cases of two, three and a finite number of derivatives. It is shown that in the case when the characteristic equation has multiple roots original equation admits a solution with logarithmic singularities.
Improvement of Neustadt-Eaton’s method convergence
Authors: Старов В.Г. 
Published: March 2023

Нейштадт и Итон разработали метод и численный алгоритм решения задачи оптимального быстродействия. В этом методе необходимо решать дискретное уравнение для нахождения начального значения сопряженной системы. В ходе решения этого уравнения на каждом шаге нужно находить величину приращения начального значения сопряженной системы. Это достигается путем выбора длины шага. При этом начальное значение сопряженной системы должно удовлетворять определенным условиям. Затем решается система дифференциальных уравнений, где в качестве начальных данных используются полученные значения сопряженной системы и определяется траектория. Таким образом, на каждом шаге решения дискретного уравнения необходимо использовать итерационный процесс. Доказана сходимость метода. При этом нужно отметить слабую сходимость метода. Для улучшения сходимости предлагается следующий подход. Делается несколько шагов метода Нейштадта-Итона. Полученные начальные значения сопряженной системы аппроксимируются и экстраполируются на определенном интервале. Затем снова делаем несколько шагов метода Нейштадта-Итона и при этом используем экстраполированные значения начальных значений сопряженной системы. Таким образом, предлагается <<скользящая>> аппроксимация найденных решений дискретного уравнения для каждой компоненты с помощью алгебраической функции с последующей ее экстраполяцией. Экстраполяция позволяет значительно уменьшить вычислительные затраты.
Neustadt and Eaton developed a method and an iterative algorithm for solving time-optimal control problems. According to the method, it is necessary to solve a discrete equation to find the initial value of the adjoint system. At each step of the algorithm it is needed to find the increment of the initial value of the adjoint system. This is achieved by choosing the step length, while the initial value must satisfy certain conditions. Then the system of differential equations is solved, where the obtained values are used as initial data and the trajectory is determined. Thus, the iterative process must be used on each step of solving the discrete equation. The convergence of this method was previously proved. However, the convergence is weak. To improve it, the following approach is proposed. After a few steps of Neustadt-Eaton’s method the obtained initial values of the adjoint system are approximated and extrapolated at a certain interval. Then again we take a few steps of Neustadt-Eaton’s method and use the extrapolated initial values of the adjoint system. Thus we propose <<sliding>> approximation of the discrete equation solutions for each component using an algebraic function followed by extrapolation. It is shown that such extrapolation significantly reduces computational costs.
Translating and Interpreting in Intercultural Communication: A Study of Public Service Translators and Interpreters in Japan
Authors: Pratiwi Putu Ayu Asty Senja 
Published: March 2023

The language and cultural barriers in the multilingual population have risen in Japan and resulted in the importance of public service translators and interpreters. Understanding thepublic service translators and interpreters’ roles and perspectives in intercultural communication in Japan is interesting and important to be investigated to explore the emotional and psychological impact on their work. Despite several research on translating, interpreting, or intercultural communication do exist, however the public service translators and interpreters’ emotional and psychological impact on their work has generally not been much researched. Therefore, it is necessary and meaningful to study the perspective and role of the public service translator and interpreters in the context of translation and intercultural communication.This research is based on the longitudinal observation and interview with ten public service translators and interpreters in Yamaguchi City, Japan. It was found that their preferences toward their work and other psychological aspects such as willingness to communicate, anxiety, and empathy also influence their role and perspective.
Pengaruh Employee Engagement Dan Leader Member Exchange Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior Dengan Mediasi Modal Sosial (Studi Pada Pegawai Yayasan XYZ)
Authors: Fitri Rizkika , Rozak Hasan Abdul 
Published: March 2023

Background - The high level of competition in the field of educational services requires tertiary institutions to continue to improve the quality of human resources, in order to survive in the era of globalization. Organizations really need loyal and highly committed employees in order to survive and develop, therefore researchers are interested in studying the variables Employee Engagement, LMX and OCB.
Aim - This study aims to analyze the effect of Employee Engagement and Leader Member Exchange (LMX) on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) by mediating social capital on employees of the XYZ Foundation.
Design / Methodology / Approach – Population in this study were 177 employees of the XYZ Foundation, using a purposive proportional sampling technique, only using a sample of 109 employees. Research testing was carried out by testing validity, reliability, multiple regression analysis, t test, R2 test and moderation test using SPSS 22.
Findings – The results showed that: (1) Employee Engagement and LMX have a positive effect on Social Capital and OCB (2) Social Capital positive effect on OCB (3) Social capital mediates the effect of Employee Engagement on OCB, and (4) Social capital mediates the effect of LMX on OCB.
Conclusion - The empirical test results identify that the positive attitude resulting from Employee Engagement, LMX and social capital that exists in each employee will foster cooperation between fellow employees and superiors with the aim of personal success, other people and the organization.
Research Implication - This research is expected to make a positive contribution to further research, and to become a reference for organizations regarding the influence of employee engagement, LMX and mediation of social capital on OCB.
Limitation - The object of this research only took the XYZ Foundation with lecturers, teachers and employees as respondents who were still actively working at the XYZ Foundation.
Effect Of Spiritual Leadership And Psychological Contracts On Employee Job Satisfaction At Indonesian Islamic Bank (BSI) Bandung Branch
Authors: Suherman Usep , Ahman Eeng , Disman Disman 
Published: March 2023

Background - Job satisfaction is a happy emotional state or positive emotion that comes from evaluating one's work or experience. With high job satisfaction will increase employee performance against the organization where they work. Lack of satisfaction with the company can lead to low employee performance. In this study related to job satisfaction of BSI Bandung Branch employees.
Aim - The aims of this study were to identify and analyze the influence of spiritual leadership and psychological contracts on employee job satisfaction at BSI Bandung Branch.
Design / Methodology / Approach – This study used descriptive and explanatory survey methods. The research was conducted on 90 BSI employees. Sampling was carried out using a saturated sampling technique. The data analysis technique used is Multiple Regression Analysis.
Findings – The results of this study show that spiritual leadership and psychological contracts partially or jointly have an impact on employee job satisfaction. Furthermore, a determinant value of 0.938 was obtained, this means that spiritual leadership and psychological contracts are able to explain employee job satisfaction of 93.8%. Meanwhile, 6.2% was caused by other factors.
Conclusion - The leadership of the BSI Bandung Branch must be able to implement spiritual leadership for employees and build a strong psychological contract for employees within the company. Job satisfaction needs to be improved again to improve organizational performance.
Research implication - To increase employee job satisfaction, it is necessary to pay attention to the attitudes and behavior of leadership shown by leaders to employees besides strengthening the psychological contract between employees and the organization.
Limitation - The scope of this research is limited to one particular company, so it does not reflect the situation of other institutions in the same study regarding spiritual leadership, psychological contract, job satisfaction
Open and collaborative innovation for the social construction of learning: analysis from the design of an xMOOC
Authors: Minga-Vallejo Ruth-Elizabeth , Ramirez-Montoya Maria-Soledad , Rodríguez-Conde María-José 
Published: March 2023

<p> Technological advances have promoted digital processes in education that expand training possibilities, such as xMOOCs (eXtended Massive Open Online Courses). Considering the design of the xMOOC, the purpose of the study was to analyze the social construction of learning in the light of open and collaborative innovation. </p>
Relationship between cerebrovascular diseases and human leukocyte antigen subgroups
Authors: ÇINKIR Ufuk , TEKE Eylem , METE Ergun 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Ischemic stroke is classified as large artery atherosclerosis, small vessel occlusion (lacunar infarcts), ischemic stroke due to other identified causes, and cryptogenic. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex is a group of genes on chromosome six in humans responsible for encoding cell-surface proteins that regulate the immune system. In this study, HLA’s roles in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke, especially the lacunar subgroup, are investigated, and their potential mechanisms are presented.
Materials and methods: This study consisted of 49 patients with ischemic stroke and 50 healthy participants. HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DQB, and HLA-DRB subgroup genomes were assessed.
Results: A statistically significant difference in the presence of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DQB, and HLA-DRB subgroups was found between the control and patient groups. The presence of HLA-A*02, HLA-A*30, HLA-B*08, HLA-B*15, and HLA-DQB*06 genomes was higher in the patient group than in the control group (p≤0.05). Nevertheless, HLA-DQB*03 and HLA-DRB*11 genomes were found more in the control group than the patient group (p≤0.05)
Conclusion: The results of this study pioneered in scrutinizing HLA alleles in small vascular disease (SVD). HLA-A*01, HLA-A*30, HLA-B*08, HLA-B*15, HLA-DQB*06, HLA-DQB*03 and HLA-DRB*11 are associated with HLA alleles of stroke patients with small vessel occlusion. We attempted to provide objective evidence for whether HLA genomes could act as a discriminative factor between SVD patients and control groups, which might hold considerable promise for future therapies.
Effects of Composition, Processing, and Structure on Properties of Engineering Plastics
Authors: Perez Jose M. , Hinkley Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article provides practical information and data on property development in engineering plastics. It discusses the effects of composition on submolecular and higher-order structure and the influence of plasticizers, additives, and blowing agents. It examines stress-strain curves corresponding to soft-and-weak, soft-and-tough, hard-and-brittle, and hard-and-tough plastics and temperature-modulus plots representative of polymers with different degrees of crystallinity, cross-linking, and polarity. It explains how viscosity varies with shear rate in polymer melts and how processes align with various regions of the viscosity curve. It discusses the concept of shear sensitivity, the nature of viscoelastic properties, and the electrical, chemical, and optical properties of different plastics. It also reviews plastic processing operations, including extrusion, injection molding, and thermoforming, and addresses related considerations such as melt viscosity and melt strength, crystallization, orientation, die swell, melt fracture, shrinkage, molded-in stress, and polymer degradation.
Navigating the Plastic Material Selection Process
Authors: Gramann Paul J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There are many reasons why plastic materials should not be considered for an application. It is the responsibility of the design/materials engineer to recognize when the expected demands are outside of what the plastic can provide during the expected life-time of the product. This article reviews the numerous considerations that are equally important to help ensure that part failure does not occur. It provides a quick review of thermoplastic and thermoset plastics. The article focuses primarily on thermoset materials that at room temperature are below their glass transition temperature. It describes the motivation for material selection and the goal of the material selection process. The use of material datasheets for material selection as well as the processes involved in plastic material selection and post material selection is also covered.
Thermal Stresses and Physical Aging of Plastics
Authors: Duvall Donald E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEngineering plastics, as a general class of materials, are prone to the development of internal stresses which arise during processing or during servicing when parts are exposed to environments that impose deformation and/or temperature extremes. Thermal stresses are largely a consequence of high coefficients of thermal expansion and low thermal diffusivities. Although time-consuming techniques can be used to analyze thermal stresses, several useful qualitative tests are described in this article. The classification of internal stresses in plastic parts is covered. The article describes the effects of low thermal diffusivity and high thermal expansion properties, and the variation of mechanical properties with temperature. It discusses the combined effects of thermal stresses and orientation that result from processing conditions. The article also describes the effect of aging on properties of plastics. It explains the use of high-modulus graphite fibers in amorphous polymers.
Fundamentals of Polymer Additives
Authors: Patel Jigneshkumar P. , Schneider Yanika , Sankarasubramanian Malavarayan , Jayaram Vidya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolymer materials are key building blocks of the modern world, commonly used in packaging, automobiles, building materials, electronics, telecommunications, and many other industries. These commercial applications of polymeric materials would not be possible without the use of additives. This article is divided into five sections: mechanical property modifiers, physical property modifiers, biological function modifiers, processing aids, and colorants. It describes three classes of additives that are used to inhibit biological activity, six classes of mechanical property modifiers, three classes of physical property modifiers, and two classes of both colorants and processing aids.
Viscoelasticity of Plastics
Authors: Olig Scott M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article describes the viscoelastic behavior of plastics in their solid state only, from the standpoint of the material deforming without fracturing. The consequences of viscoelasticity on the mechanical properties of plastics are described, especially in terms of time-dependencies, as well as the dependence of the viscoelastic character of a plastic on chemical, physical, and compositional variables. By examining the viscoelastic behavior of plastics, the information obtained are then applied in situations in which it may be important to anticipate the long-term properties of a material. This includes assessing the extent of stress decay in materials that are pre-stressed, the noise and vibration transmission characteristics of a material, the amount of heat build-up in a material subjected to cyclic deformation, and the extent a material can recover from any prior deformation. Several qualitative graphs are presented, which highlights the possible differences in the viscoelastic behavior that can exist among plastics.