bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of informativeness of mutation groups of Nigella damascena L. M2 generation
Authors: Hubanova Yu. S. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To carry out a mathematical and statistical evaluation of the mutagenesis data of the M2 generation of Nigella damascena varieties ‘Berehynia’ and ‘Charivnytsia’ in order to identify relationships between groups of mutations and mathematical justification of their use in the process of further analysis and selection of hereditary changes of mutant plants.
Methods. Seeds of the varieties ‘Berehynia’ and ‘Charivnytsia’ were treated with chemical mutagens. The mutations identified by visual observation of the plants at different stages of their growth and development were divided into eight groups. In each group of each treatment option, the frequency of mutations was calculated as a function of the type of mutagen, its concentration and exposure time. The mathematical and statistical evaluation of the results was carried out using the MS Excel analysis package and Spearman’s rank correlation.
Results. The mutational difference in the M2 generation between eight groups of Nigella damascena varieties ‘Berehynia’ and ‘Charivnytsia’ under the influence of the mutagens ethyl methanesulfonate, nitrosomethylurea and the new chemical mutagen DG-2 (a complex of 3-N,N-dimethylamino sulfonane with dimethyl) was identified and evaluated. It was found that the correlation value of the mutagenic effects ranged from 0.437 to 0.752 with significance levels from 3.540 ´ 10–5 to 0.037. The following groups of mutations can be considered informative: stem, shoot and leaf structures; flower structure; colour of the corolla petals; structure of the capsule; physio­logical changes in the process of growth and development.
Conclusions. The effect of the mutagens EMS, NMU in concentrations of 0.01 and 0.05% and DG-2 in concentrations of 0.5 and 0.05% was determined on Nigella damascena varieties ‘Berehynia’ and ‘Charivnytsia’ after exposure for 6 and 16 hours. Mutations in the structure of the stem, shoots and leaves, the colour of the petals of the corolla, the structure of the flower and capsule, and those causing a violation of chlorophyll synthesis should be considered informative.
Screening of promising potato hybrids by drought tolerance indices
Authors: Pysarenko N. V. , Sydorchuk V. I. , Zakharchuk N. A. , Hordiienko V. V. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To evaluate promising potato hybrids for productivity and resistance to drought under water deficit conditions and to identify genotypes with a high level of adapta­bility to abiotic environmental factors.
Methods. During 2021–2022, 57 potato genotypes of different ripeness groups were studied in the fields of breeding crop rotation of the breeding laboratory of the Polissia Research Department of the Institute for Potato Research NAAS of Ukraine. Genera­l­ly accepted methods of selective statistical analysis were used.
Results. The research results revealed that in a dry year, the average potato yield loss for all maturity groups was 15.3 t/ha or 66 % compared to the indicators of a wet year. A high total percentage of drought-resistant and moderately drought-resistant hybrids was distinguished in the mid-season group. In total 16 breeding samples out of 54 studied ones under the condition of sufficient moisture produced the highest yield (in the range of 24.4–35.9 t/ha). During dry periods, 21 samples had high productivity (7.8–19.2 t/ha). The following hybrids showed an advantage over the average (Ŷ) for 8–9 evaluated drought tolerance indices: ‘P.15.56-10’, ‘P.17.21/43’, P.19.53/6’, ‘P.17.30-3’, ‘P.17.1-4’, ‘P.18.51/3’, ‘P.17.19-21’, ‘P.17.18/9’, ‘P.17.4/13’ ‘P.17.43/1’, P.17.44-1’, ‘P.17.38/16’, ‘P.17.8-28’, ‘P.17.13/7’ and ‘P.17.38-56’.
Conclusions. According to the results of the research, hybrids with high productivity and response to stress were identified. Thus, 5 samples formed high productivity under optimal conditions and were resistant to drought; 5 samples were flexi­b­le hybrids; 8 hybrids were demanding to moisture supply during the process of crop formation. The sources of drought resistance were 5 hybrids out of 54 studied ones. An average positive correlation (r = 0.528) between yields under diffe­rent moisture conditions was established.
Grain yield and protein content in different ripening varieties of soft winter wheat using various types and doses of fertilizers
Authors: Silifonov Т. V. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose. To study of yield formation and protein content in the grain of different ripening varieties of soft winter wheat under the condition of using various types and doses of fertilizers.
Methods. Field and laboratory (determination of protein content), calculation (collection of protein), mathematical and statistical.
Results. It was found that different fertilization systems reliably increased the grain yield of soft winter wheat. The use of N75 increased this indicator by 1.2 times and N150 by 1.4 times in the varieties studied, compared with the no-fertilizer variant. Yield with incomplete return of phosphorus-potassium fertilizer was only 2–3% lower than with complete mineral fertilizer. With the nitrogen-phosphorus and nitrogen-potassium fertilization systems, the yield was 5–7% higher than with the nitrogen system. At the same time, this indicator was 6% lower than in the full mineral fertilizer version of the trial. The use of 75 kg/ha nitrogen fertilizer per year increased the protein content to 13.5%, or by 10% compared to the control. In the double dose nitrogen fertilizer variant, the protein content increased to 14.2% or by 15%. The use of nitrogen fertilizers with phosphorus-potassium only contributed 2–4% to the increase of this indicator. Cultivation of winter wheat under the condition of application of N75 increased the collection of protein up to 724 kg/ha or by 33%, and with a double dose of nitrogen fertilizer – up to 848 kg/ha or by 55% compared to the option without fertilizer. In the N75P30K40 variant, protein yield increased by 10% compared to the nitrogen system. The application of a complete mineral fertilizer (N150P60K40) increased this indicator by 12%.
Conclusions. It was found that the use of N75P30K40 increased the grain yield of soft winter wheat by up to 5.9 t/ha, or 7%, compared to the option where only 75 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer was applied. Yield development in soft winter wheat varies considerably from variety to variety. For example, this indicator was 35% higher in the ‘KWS Emil’ variety than in the ‘Prino’ line. In addition, the grain yield of both varieties is reliably influenced by the weather conditions during the growing season. The protein content of soft winter wheat varies considerably depending on the variety and the weather conditions. When growing soft winter wheat varieties, the protein content can vary by 12.8–15.1%. Weather conditions during the growing season can change this indicator by 13.1–14.7%. The protein content index in the grain of the ‘Prino’ line is significantly higher than that of the ‘KWS Emil’ variety. According to the protein yield per hectare indicator, the ‘KWS Emil’ variety (896 kg/ha) has a significant advantage over the ‘Prino’ line (774 kg/ha).
Investigating the Mechanical Properties and Flexibility of N-BAR Domains
in PICK1 by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Song Shenghan , Li Tongtong , Stevens Amy O. , Raad Taha , He Yi 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
The proteins of the Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs167 (BAR) domain superfamily are
believed to induce membrane curvature. PICK1 is a distinctive protein that consists of both a BAR and
a PDZ domain, and it has been associated with numerous diseases. It is known to facilitate membrane
curvature during receptor-mediated endocytosis. In addition to understanding how the BAR domain
facilitates membrane curvature, it's particularly interesting to unravel the hidden links between the
structural and mechanical properties of the PICK1 BAR domain.

Methods:
This paper employs steered molecular dynamics (SMD) to investigate the mechanical properties
associated with structural changes in the PICK1 BAR domains.

Results:
Our findings suggest that not only do helix kinks assist in generating curvature of BAR domains,
but they may also provide the additional flexibility required to initiate the binding between
BAR domains and the membrane

Conclusion:
We have observed a complex interaction network within the BAR monomer and at the
binding interface of the two BAR monomers. This network is crucial for maintaining the mechanical
properties of the BAR dimer. Owing to this interaction network, the PICK1 BAR dimer exhibits different
responses to external forces applied in opposite directions.
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Normal Liver, Spleen, and Kidney Dimensions
in a Healthy Turkish Community of Over 18 Years Old
Authors: Tiryaki Şaban , Aksu Yusuf 
Published: May 2023

Background/Aims:
The dimensions of the liver, spleen, and kidneys either change in primary diseases related to these organs or in secondary diseases that indirectly affect them, such as diseases of the cardiovascular system. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the normal dimensions of the liver, kidneys, and spleen and their correlations with body mass index in healthy Turkish adults.

Material and Methods:
A total of 1,918 adults older than 18 years of age underwent ultrasonographic (USG) examinations. Participants’ age, sex, height, weight, BMI, liver, spleen, and kidney dimensions, biochemistry and haemogram results were recorded. The relationships between organ measurements and these parameters were examined.

Results:
A total of 1,918 patients participated in the study. Of these, 987 (51.5%) were female and 931 (48.5%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 40.74± 15.95 years. The liver length (LL) for men was found to be greater than that for women. The effect of the sex factor on the LL value was statistically significant (p = 0.000). The difference between men and women in terms of liver depth (LD) was statistically significant (p=0.004). The difference between BMI groups in terms of splenic length (SL) was not statistically significant (p=0.583). The difference between BMI groups in terms of splenic thickness (ST) was statistically significant (p=0.016).

Conclusion:
We obtained the mean normal standard values of the liver, spleen, and kidneys in a healthy Turkish adult population. Consequently, values exceeding those in our findings will guide clinicians in the diagnosis of organomegaly and will contribute to filling the gap in this regard.
Computer-aided Diagnosis Systems for Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive
Study
Authors: Garg Gaurav 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The American Cancer Society (ACS) reported in their Cancer Facts and Figures 2021 that prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of death among American men, with an average age of diagnosis being 66 years. This health issue predominantly affects older men and poses a significant challenge for radiologists, urologists, and oncologists when it comes to accurately diagnosing and treating it in a timely manner. Detecting PCa with precision and on time is crucial for proper treatment planning and reducing the increasing mortality rate. This paper focuses on a Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CADx) system, which is discussed in detail with different phases specific to PCa. Each phase of CADx is comprehensively analyzed and evaluated based on recent state-of-the-art techniques in both quantitative and qualitative aspects. This study outlines significant research gaps and findings for every phase of CADx, providing valuable insights to biomedical engineers and researchers.
An Insight into the Development of Potential Antidiabetic Agents along
with their Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Tiwari Siddhita , Kaur Paranjeet , Gupta Deepali , Chaudhury Saumik , Chaudhary Manish , Mittal Amit , Kumar Shubham , Sahu Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that has been reported to increase the mortality rate worldwide. About 40 million people across the globe suffer from diabetes, with people living in developing countries being affected the most due to this deadly disease. Although the therapeutic management of hyperglycaemia can treat diabetes, metabolic disorders associated with this disease are a greater challenge in its treatment. Hence, potential strategies to treat hyperglycaemia and its side effects are needed. In this review, we have summarized several therapeutic targets, like dipep-tidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), glucagon receptor antagonists, glycogen phosphorylase or fructose-1,6-biphosphatase inhibitors, SGLT inhibitors, 11beta-HSD-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoids receptor an-tagonists, glucose-6-phosphatase and glycogen phosphorylase inhibitors. These targets can help in designing and developing novel antidiabetic agents.
A Review on Gastroprotective Mechanisms and their Augmentation by External
Agents
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Agarwal Shweta 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The oral route is the most typical way to provide medication due to its benefits, including non-invasiveness, patient compliance, and ease of
medication delivery. One of the most often recommended pharmacological groups for the treatment of pain and inflammatory disease is nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory medicines. However, the major side effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines is PUD (peptic ulcer disease).
An imbalance in the action of gastroprotective and aggressive agents causes gastric ulcers. Gastroprotective mechanisms include the mucus layer,
mucosal repair capacity, gastric epithelium, and gastric blood flow. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on gastroprotective
mechanisms. As discussed, mucin acts as a filter, and gastric epithelial defenses include the cell barrier, stem cells, and a sensor on the mucosal
surface.
The Relationship Between Eating Behaviors and Functional Status in Female Patients Diagnosed with Fibromyalgia
Authors: Mengi Alper 
Published: May 2023

Aim. To evaluate whether eating behaviors of female patients with fibromyalgia syndrome differ from those of the healthy population, what factors affect these behaviors, and whether eating behaviors are effective on patients’ life quality and functional status.
Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional and observational study included 55 female fibromyalgia patients and 55 healthy female volunteers. All participants were assessed using demographic data, body mass index (BMI), and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ) (Uncontrolled Eating, Cognitive Restraint, Emotional Eating, and Hunger Susceptibility). Fibromyalgia patients were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ).
Results. BMI, Uncontrolled Eating, and Hunger Susceptibility scores differed significantly between fibromyalgia patients and healthy volunteers (p < 0.05). In fibromyalgia patients, the TFEQ subscores were not correlated with the FIQ (p > 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the Cognitive Restraint score and age, rest and night pain scores in fibromyalgia patients (p< 0.05). Increasing age was an independent predictor of Cognitive Restraint in fibromyalgia patients (p=0.003).
Conclusions. The proportion of overweight/obese patients, BMI, Uncontrolled Eating, and Hunger Susceptibility were significantly higher among fibromyalgia patients. Fibromyalgia patients’ eating behaviors were not associated with their quality of life and functional status. Increasing age appeared to be a predictor of Cognitive Restraint degree.
Renin-Angiotensin System: A Review of Historical Perspectives
Authors: Kovalyova Olga , Zhuravlyova Anna , Ivanchenko Svitlana 
Published: May 2023

The article is a review of publications concerning historical perspectives of the renin-angiotensin system. The discovery of its components is presented in chronological order, beginning with the initial identification of renin and proceeding to the subsequent discoveries of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, angiotensin- (1-7), Mas receptor.
This paper presents a modern classification of the renin-angiotensin system, dividing it into classical and non-classical branches, based on the determination of the biological effects of its components. Significant attention is devoted to elucidating the biochemical cascade of the renin-angiotensin system, its physiological transformations, and its implications in human body processes. The detrimental cardiac effects of the classical renin-angiotensin system are highlighted, along with the crucial role played by its alternative axis in counteracting the development of cardiovascular diseases.
The article presents data on the involvement of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and its receptors in coronavirus infections, susceptibility to infection, and disease progression.
IMPLEMENTASI KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU SD NEGERI SE KECAMATAN MERGANGSAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Suprapti Suprapti 
Published: May 2023

Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam usahanya membantu meningkatkan kompetensi para guru se wilayah Kecamatan Mergangsan belum ada informasi seberapa besar peranannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kepemimpinan yang dilaksanakan oleh kepala sekolah SD Negeri se Kecamatan Mergangsan Kota Yogyakarta dalam meningkatkan kompetensi kepribadian guru, kompetensi pedagogi guru, kompetensi profesional guru dan kompetensi sosial guru. Jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatansurvei. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SD Negeri se Kecamatan Mergangsan Kota Yogyakarta. Subjek penelitian ini berjumlah 76 orang guru yang berasal dari 7 SD Negeri di wilayah Kecamatan Mergangsan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penlitian ini adalah angket dan pedoman wawancara. Dalam penelitian ini teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa:(1) secara umum kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kompetensi guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri se Kecamatan Mergangsan baik sekali. Peningkatan kompetensi guru ini melalui peningkatan kompetensi kepribadian, kompetensi pedagogi, kompetensi profesional dan kompetensi sosial. (2) berdasarkan faktor-faktor yang ada, kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kompetensi guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri se Kecamatan Mergangsan adalah: (a) kompetensi kepribadian dalam kategori baik sekali. Peningkatan kompetensi kepribadian ini dilakukan melalui pengembangan prilaku sopan santun, pengembangan kewibawaan guru, dan meningkatkan ketaqwaan guru, (b) kompetensi pedagogi dalam kategori baik sekali. Peningkatan kompetensi pedagogi ini dilakukan melalui penyiapan perencanaan pembelajaran, perbaikan proses pembelajaran dan melakukan perbaikan evalusi pembelajaran, (c) kompetensi profesional dalam kategori baik sekali. Peningkatan kompetensi profesional ini dilakukan melalui peningkatan penguasaan materi dan menambah ilmu pengetahuan, (d) kompetensi sosial dalam kategori baik sekali. Peningkatan kompetensi sosial ini dilakukan melalui usaha mempererat hubungan baik dengan siswa, mempererat hubungan baik dengan sesama guru, dan mempererat hubungan baik dengan wali murid.
Chronic Radiation cystitis: a review of medical and surgical management
Authors: Kumar Manjeet , Sharma Sanjeev , Kaundal Pawan , Barwal Kailash Chander , Sharma Girish Kumar , Raina Pamposh 
Published: May 2023

Radiation cystitis is a complication of radiation treatment given for pelvic malignancies. Radiation cystitis can present as mild symptoms of dysuria, frequency, and hematuria to severe life-threatening complications like intractable hematuria, bladder perforation and contracted non-functional urinary bladder, fistula etc. Treatment is tailored according to the severity of symptoms and available treatment modalities sequentially. Initial treatment of hematuria is intravenous fluids, blood transfusions, cystoscopy and fulguration, irrigation with intravesical agents like alum, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, angioembolisation, urinary diversion and surgery (cystectomy). Radiation cystitis is associated with short- and long-term complications in pelvic malignancies patients. Early diagnosis, follow up, treatment is crucial for decreasing morbidity and mortality in these patients. In this review article we describe the current protocol in diagnosing and managing radiation cystitis.
Keywords Pelvis, Radiation, Hematuria, intravesical treatments, Alum, formalin
Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical Screening and Evaluation of Anxiolytic activity of Alcoholic Extract of Withania somnifera (L) Dunal Roots
Authors: Pandey Umesh Chandra , Shukla Karunakar , Jatav Rakesh Kumar 
Published: May 2023

The roots of Withania somnifera (L) Dunal (W. somnifera) are used extensively in Ayurveda, the classical Indian system of medicine, and W. somnifera is categorized as a rasayana, which are used to promote physical and mental health, to provide defense against disease and adverse environmental factors and to arrest the aging process. W. somnifera has been used to stabilize mood in patients with behavioural disturbances. The objective of this study was to investigate pharmacognostical, phytochemical features and anxiolytic activity of alcoholic extracts of W. somnifera roots. The various pharmacognostical variables were assessed using generally accepted techniques with certain variations. An established test technique that is documented in the literature was used to determine the qualitative analysis of different phytochemical elements. The anxiolytic efficacy of the alcoholic extract of W. somnifera roots in mice was evaluated using the elevated plus maze test (EPMT), light and dark test (L and DT), and open field test (OFT). Extract dosages of 250, 500, and 750 mg/kg were compared to the recommended dosage of diazepam (1 mg/kg) to determine its efficacy. Alcoholic extract underwent phytochemical examination, which identified the presence of fixed oils, lipids, proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, tannins, and phenolics. The percentage of time spent and the number of entries in the open arm in EPMT were both considerably enhanced by the alcoholic extract of W. somnifera roots (250, 500, 750mg/kg, p.o.). The extract significantly increased time spent, the frequency of crossings, and decreased the length of immobility in the light box in L and DT. The extract in OFT significantly increased the number of rearings, increased ambulation, and decreased self-grooming and faecal dropping all signs of exploratory behaviour. The findings of the current investigation provide scientific support for the traditional use of W. somnifera by indicating that an alcoholic extract of its roots may have anxiolytic properties.
Keywords: Anxiolytic, Withania somnifera (L) Dunal, Elevated plus maze, Open field test, Light and dark test