bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative outcomes using Lichtenstein open hernioplasty versus Nyhus preperitoneal hernioplasty in inguinal hernia: A comparative analysis with 1‐year follow‐up
Authors: Cabrera‐Vargas Luis F. , Mendoza‐Zuchini Andrés , Aparicio Brandon S. , Pedraza Mauricio , Sajona‐Leguia Walter A. , Arias Jhoan S. R. , Lozada‐Martinez Ivan D. , Picón‐Jaimes Yelson A. , Narvaez‐Rojas Alexis R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimInguinal hernia is the most common defect of the abdominal wall in 75% and their treatment consists of surgical repair. The technique of choice is laparoscopic because of its overall benefits. However, when this is not available, open approaches may be a viable option. Currently, the most commonly used open techniques are Lichtenstein and Nyhus. However, there are few medium‐ or long‐term studies that have compared outcomes between these two techniques.MethodsThis is a retrospective comparative study that included patients undergoing open inguinal hernia correction with mesh, using Lichtenstein open hernioplasty versus Nyhus preperitoneal hernioplasty, in two tertiary referral centers in Bogota, Colombia, during a period of 2 years. A bivariate analysis was performed to compare groups, according to the complications presented between the two techniques.ResultsA total of 193 patients were included, of whom 53.36% were men and 112 (58.03%) were approached with the Nyhus technique versus 81 patients with the Lichtenstein technique. Nonabsorbable suture fixation was performed in 100% of patients. Among the main complications, seroma (5.18%), pain (4.14%), bleeding (2.07%), recurrence (10.88%), and reoperation (0.51%) were observed, of which only recurrence showed a statistically significant difference, which is lower in the Nyhus approach (3.57% vs. 20.67%; p < 0.001). No patients died.ConclusionsBoth Nyhus and Lichtenstein hernioplasty techniques were shown to cause a low incidence of postoperative complications, with significantly lower recurrence using the Nyhus technique up to 1 year postoperatively.
Digital tools for rural agriculture extension: Impacts of mobile‐based advisories on agricultural practices in Southern India
Authors: Singh Rupika , Slotznick William , Stein Daniel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the results of a cluster‐randomized controlled trial of a digital extension program in cashew‐growing communities in Andhra Pradesh, India, which provided agricultural information using a combination of in‐person video, SMS, and interactive voice recording messages. The study finds that the use of mobile channels significantly improved farmers’ recall, knowledge, and adoption of new techniques relative to farmers who only received videos. We do not find positive effects on farmer production or yield. We conclude that in our context, mobile‐based services are a promising supplement that can improve farmer outcomes and boost the reach and inclusivity of agriculture extension.
Structural characterization, thermal stability, and solvent de‐/ad‐sorption behavior of two d10 M(II) (M = Cd and Zn) coordination polymers constructed by 1,3,5‐tris(4‐pyridylsulfanyl‐methyl)‐2,4,6‐trimethyl‐benzene (L1)
Authors: Wang Chih‐Chieh , Tsai Ciao‐Shin , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Chien Su‐Ying , Chen Bo‐Hao , Chuang Yu‐Chun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTwo d10 M(II) (M = Cd and Zn) coordination polymers (CPs) with chemical formulas, {[Cd(L1)(NCS)2(H2O)]⋅C2H5OH}n (1), and {[Zn(L1)(NCS)2]⋅C2H5OH⋅0.5H2O}n (2) (L1 = 1,3,5‐tris(4‐pyridylsulfanylmethyl)‐2,4,6‐trimethylbenzene) were synthesized and structurally characterized by single‐crystal x‐ray diffraction method. In compound 1, the coordination environment of Cd(II) ion is distorted octahedral bonded to three nitrogen donors from three L1 ligands located in a facial‐position, two nitrogen donors from NCS− and one water molecule. The L1 acts as a bridge ligand with tris‐monodentate coordination mode in a cis‐cis‐cis structural conformation, connecting the Cd(II) to form a two‐dimensional (2D) zigzag‐like layered metal‐organic frameworks. Adjacent 2D layers are then arranged orderly in an ABAB manner to complete its three‐dimensional (3D) supramolecular architecture. In compound 2, the coordination environment of Zn(II) ion is distorted tetrahedral bonded to two nitrogen donors from two L1 ligands and two nitrogen donors from two NCS− ligands. The L1 acts as a bridge ligand with bis‐monodentate coordination mode in a cis‐cis‐cis structural conformation, connecting the Zn(II) ions to form a one‐dimensional (1D) zigzag‐like polymeric chain. Adjacent chains are arranged orderly in an alternate ABAB manner to generate a 2D framework and then further arranged in an AAA manner to complete its 3D supramolecular architecture. The structural characterization as well as thermal‐stability and solvents de‐/ad‐sorption behavior of 1 and 2 are studied and discussed in details.
Role of global sphericity index in evaluation of fetal cardiac remodeling in late onset fetal growth restriction and small for gestational age fetuses
Authors: Devi G Geeta , Balakrishnan Bijoy , Batra Meenu , Patil Swapneel Nilkanth , Madhusoodanan Lipi , Hooda Ruchi , KK Gopinathan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionFetal growth restriction (FGR) fetuses develop cardiovascular remodeling and dysfunction and, in this process, heart first compensates by changing its shape from ellipsoid to spherical and then cardiac dysfunction follows. Our aim was to evaluate global sphericity index (GSI) after 32 weeks of gestation to evaluate this change in cardiac shape and correlate GSI changes associated with fetal growth abnormalities.Materials and MethodsThis was a prospective study conducted at 32–38 weeks of gestation. Women were classified into three groups—Appropriate for gestational age (AGA), small for gestational age (SGA), late onset FGR (LO FGR) and GSI was measured and perinatal outcome studied.ResultsOut of 217 women, 131 were of AGA, 31 were SGA, 55 were of late onset FGR. SGA and late onset FGR groups had low GSI compared to AGA group. There was no significant difference in mean GSI between late onset FGR and SGA groups. Neonatal morbidity, adverse perinatal outcomes did not significantly differ with GSI in SGA and late onset FGR groups.ConclusionThis study showed that late gestation small fetuses develop early stages of cardiovascular remodeling as shown by GSI changes. These changes were independent of Doppler changes. This supports the concept that atleast a proportion of them are not constitutionally small but are true forms of FGR.
Joint polygenic and environmental risks for childhood attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD symptom dimensions
Authors: Mooney Michael A. , Ryabinin Peter , Morton Hannah , Selah Katharine , Gonoud Rose , Kozlowski Michael , Nousen Elizabeth , Tipsord Jessica , Antovich Dylan , Schwartz Joel , Herting Megan M. , Faraone Stephen V. , Nigg Joel T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundattention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with both polygenic liability and environmental exposures, both intrinsic to the family, such as family conflict, and extrinsic, such as air pollution. However, much less is known about the interplay between environmental and genetic risks relevant to ADHD—a better understanding of which could inform both mechanistic models and clinical prediction algorithms.MethodsTwo independent data sets, the population‐based Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD) (N = 11,876) and the case‐control Oregon‐ADHD‐1000 (N = 1449), were used to examine additive (G + E) and interactive (GxE) effects of selected polygenic risk scores (PRS) and environmental factors in a cross‐sectional design. Genetic risk was measured using PRS for nine mental health disorders/traits. Exposures included family income, family conflict/negative sentiment, and geocoded measures of area deprivation, lead exposure risk, and air pollution exposure (nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter).ResultsADHD PRS and family conflict jointly predicted concurrent ADHD symptoms in both cohorts. Additive‐effects models, including both genetic and environmental factors, explained significantly more variation in symptoms than any individual factor alone (joint R2 = .091 for total symptoms in ABCD; joint R2 = .173 in Oregon‐ADHD‐1000; all delta‐R2 p‐values <2e‐7). Significant effect size heterogeneity across ancestry groups was observed for genetic and environmental factors (e.g., Q = 9.01, p = .011 for major depressive disorder PRS; Q = 13.34, p = .001 for area deprivation). GxE interactions observed in the full ABCD cohort suggested stronger environmental effects when genetic risk is low, though they did not replicate.ConclusionsReproducible additive effects of PRS and family environment on ADHD symptoms were found, but GxE interaction effects were not replicated and appeared confounded by ancestry. Results highlight the potential value of combining exposures and PRS in clinical prediction algorithms. The observed differences in risks across ancestry groups warrant further study to avoid health care disparities.
Firms' digital investment and resilience to shocks: Evidence from the COVID‐19 pandemic in Ghana
Authors: Kofinti Raymond Elikplim , Orkoh Emmanuel , Frempong Raymond Boadi , Annim Samuel Kobina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the effect of digital investment on firm performance amid the COVID‐19 pandemic in Ghana. Applying a difference‐in‐difference estimator to a panel of 7548 firm‐year observations from 2019 to 2020, we find a positive relationship between digital investment and firm performance. While these findings are robust to different estimation techniques, the complementarity of mobile money platforms and internet services yields a significant impact on firm performance than using either exclusively. We identify hiring new workers, downsizing and working from home as potential channels through which digital investment could influence firms' resilience amid the pandemic.
Image‐Based Biological Heart Age Estimation Reveals Differential Aging Patterns Across Cardiac Chambers
Authors: Salih Ahmed M. , Pujadas Esmeralda Ruiz , Campello Víctor M. , McCracken Celeste , Harvey Nicholas C. , Neubauer Stefan , Lekadir Karim , Nichols Thomas E. , Petersen Steffen E. , Raisi‐Estabragh Zahra 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundBiological heart age estimation can provide insights into cardiac aging. However, existing studies do not consider differential aging across cardiac regions.PurposeTo estimate biological age of the left ventricle (LV), right ventricle (RV), myocardium, left atrium, and right atrium using magnetic resonance imaging radiomics phenotypes and to investigate determinants of aging by cardiac region.Study typeCross‐sectional.PopulationA total of 18,117 healthy UK Biobank participants including 8338 men (mean age = 64.2 ± 7.5) and 9779 women (mean age = 63.0 ± 7.4).Field Strength/SequenceA 1.5 T/balanced steady‐state free precession.AssessmentAn automated algorithm was used to segment the five cardiac regions, from which radiomic features were extracted. Bayesian ridge regression was used to estimate biological age of each cardiac region with radiomics features as predictors and chronological age as the output. The “age gap” was the difference between biological and chronological age. Linear regression was used to calculate associations of age gap from each cardiac region with socioeconomic, lifestyle, body composition, blood pressure and arterial stiffness, blood biomarkers, mental well‐being, multiorgan health, and sex hormone exposures (n = 49).Statistical TestMultiple testing correction with false discovery method (threshold = 5%).ResultsThe largest model error was with RV and the smallest with LV age (mean absolute error in men: 5.26 vs. 4.96 years). There were 172 statistically significant age gap associations. Greater visceral adiposity was the strongest correlate of larger age gaps, for example, myocardial age gap in women (Beta = 0.85, P = 1.69 × 10−26). Poor mental health associated with large age gaps, for example, “disinterested” episodes and myocardial age gap in men (Beta = 0.25, P = 0.001), as did a history of dental problems (eg LV in men Beta = 0.19, P = 0.02). Higher bone mineral density was the strongest associate of smaller age gaps, for example, myocardial age gap in men (Beta = −1.52, P = 7.44 × 10−6).Data ConclusionThis work demonstrates image‐based heart age estimation as a novel method for understanding cardiac aging.Evidence Level1.Technical EfficacyStage 1.
Finite element simulation of growth modulation during brace treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Guy Aymeric , Aubin Carl‐Éric 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a spine deformity whose progression during growth is affected by asymmetrical loads acting on the spine. The conservative brace treatment aims to limit the deformity's progression until the end of skeletal growth. This study's objective was to develop a patient‐specific finite element model (FEM) simulating immediate in‐brace (IB) correction and subsequent growth modulation over 2 years of treatment. Thirty‐five retrospective AIS cases with documented correction over 2 years were analyzed. For each case, a patient‐specific FEM was built and IB correction was simulated. Vertebral growth and its modulation were modeled using simulated pressures on epiphyseal vertebral growth plates, including a compliance factor representing the recorded brace wear. The simulated Cobb angles, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and apical vertebral rotation were compared with the actual measurements immediately IB and out‐of‐brace (OOB) at the 2‐year follow‐up. Treatment outcomes according to simulated compliance scenarios of no brace‐wear versus full brace‐wear were also computed. The average immediate IB difference between the simulated and actual Cobb angle was 4.9° (main thoracic [MT]) and 3.7° (thoraco‐lumbar/lumbar [TL/L]). Two‐year OOB, it was 5.6° (MT) and 5.4° (TL/L). The no brace‐wear and full brace‐wear compliance scenarios resulted respectively in 15/35 (43%) and 31/35 (89%) simulated spine deformities progressing by <5° over 2 years of treatment. Clinical significance: the FEM's ability to simulate the final correction with an accuracy on the order of the radiological measurements’ interoperator reproducibility, combined with its sensitivity to brace‐wear compliance, provides confidence in the model's predictions for a comparative context of use like improving a brace's design before its application.
MRI‐based synthetic CT in the detection of knee osteoarthritis: Comparison with CT
Authors: Arbabi Saeed , Foppen Wouter , Gielis Willem Paul , van Stralen Marijn , Jansen Mylène , Arbabi Vahid , de Jong Pim A. , Weinans Harrie , Seevinck Peter 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMagnetic resonance Imaging is the gold standard for assessment of soft tissues; however, X‐ray‐based techniques are required for evaluating bone‐related pathologies. This study evaluated the performance of synthetic computed tomography (sCT), a novel MRI‐based bone visualization technique, compared with CT, for the scoring of knee osteoarthritis. sCT images were generated from the 3T T1‐weighted gradient‐echo MR images using a trained machine learning algorithm. Two readers scored the severity of osteoarthritis in tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints according to OACT, which enables the evaluation of osteoarthritis, from its characteristics of joint space narrowing, osteophytes, cysts and sclerosis in CT (and sCT) images. Cohen's κ was used to assess the interreader agreement for each modality, and intermodality agreement of CT‐ and sCT‐based scores for each reader. We also compared the confidence level of readers for grading CT and sCT images using confidence scores collected during grading. Inter‐reader agreement for tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints were almost‐perfect for both modalities (κ = 0.83–0.88). The intermodality agreement of osteoarthritis scores between CT and sCT was substantial to almost‐perfect for tibiofemoral (κ = 0.63 and 0.84 for the two readers) and patellofemoral joints (κ = 0.78 and 0.81 for the two readers). The analysis of diagnosis confidence scores showed comparable visual quality of the two modalities, where both are showing acceptable confidence levels for scoring OA. In conclusion, in this single‐center study, sCT and CT were comparable for the scoring of knee OA.
Stable isotope and trace element analyses with non‐linear machine‐learning data analysis improved coffee origin classification and marker selection
Authors: Sim Joy , Mcgoverin Cushla , Oey Indrawati , Frew Russell , Kebede Biniam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThis study investigated the geographical origin classification of green coffee beans from continental to country and regional levels. An innovative approach combined stable isotope and trace element analyses with non‐linear machine learning data analysis to improve coffee origin classification and marker selection. Specialty green coffee beans sourced from three continents, eight countries, and 22 regions were analyzed by measuring five isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N, δ18O, δ2H, and δ34S) and 41 trace elements. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) was applied to the integrated dataset for origin classification.RESULTSOrigins were predicted well at the country level and showed promise at the regional level, with discriminating marker selection at all levels. However, PLS‐DA predicted origin poorly at the continental and Central American regional levels. Non‐linear machine learning techniques improved predictions and enabled the identification of a higher number of origin markers, and those that were identified were more relevant. The best predictive accuracy was found using ensemble decision trees, random forest and extreme gradient boost, with accuracies of up to 0.94 and 0.89 for continental and Central American regional models, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe potential for advanced machine learning models to improve origin classification and the identification of relevant origin markers was demonstrated. The decision‐tree‐based models were superior with their embedded variable identification features and visual interpretation. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of quercetin on the gel properties of pork myofibrillar proteins and related changes in protein conformation
Authors: Zhang Guangyao , Xiao Guijie , Yi Zi , Wang Letian , Jia Na , Liu Dengyong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDTo study the effects of quercetin on the functionality of myofibrillar proteins (MPs), various levels of quercetin (0, 10, 50, 100 and 200 μmol g−1 protein) were added to MP solution and the structure and gel properties of MPs were determined.RESULTSCompared with the control MPs not treated with quercetin, adding 10, 50 and 100 μmol g−1 quercetin caused a significant (P < 0.05) loss of sulfhydryls; 10 and 50 μmol g−1 quercetin enhanced the surface hydrophobicity significantly (P < 0.05), and 50, 100 and 200 μmol g−1 quercetin reduced the fluorescence intensity of tryptophan. Additions of 50, 100 and 200 μmol g−1 quercetin resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in MP solubility. Adding 10, 50 and 100 μmol g−1 quercetin did not significantly (P > 0.05) change the gel strength and water‐holding ability of MPs than control, but 200 μmol g−1 quercetin declined the gel properties significantly (P < 0.05). The microstructure and dynamic rheological properties confirmed the results of the gel properties of MPs affected by various levels of quercetin.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained in the present study show that mildly high levels of quercetin can maintain the gel properties of MPs, which may be a result of the moderate MP cross‐linkage and aggregation caused by the covalent and non‐covalent interactions of MPs. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Impact of Pelvic Rest Recommendations on Follow‐Up and Resolution of Placenta Previa and Low‐Lying Placenta
Authors: Greenwood Lauren , Mastrobattista Joan , Mack Lauren , Fox Karin , Lee Wesley , Donepudi Roopali 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo determine the rate of resolution of placenta previa and low‐lying placenta (LLP) and the effect of pelvic rest recommendations on the timing of follow‐up imaging.MethodsRetrospective review of pregnancies with previa/LLP detected on mid‐trimester exam at our ultrasound unit from 2019 to 2021. LLP was defined as the lower edge of placenta located within 2 cm of the internal cervical os. Previa was defined as any portion of the placenta touching with the internal os. Demographics, placental location, activity restrictions, and delivery outcomes were analyzed. Timing of follow‐up imaging was stratified by individuals advised and not advised pelvic rest.ResultsExactly 144 patients had previa and 266 had LLP on the mid‐trimester exam with complete records. Previa resolution happened in 51.4% (74/144) of cases. Exactly 62% (46/74) of previa resolutions occurred by the 28‐week ultrasound. Exactly 45% (65/144) of previa patients were advised pelvic rest. Most pelvic rest and non‐pelvic rest patients had a 28‐week scan. Even when clearance occurred, most patients in both groups had a repeat ultrasound at 32 weeks. Exactly 75% of LLP resolved by the 28‐week scan, and the remainder by delivery. Exactly 12% (32/259) of LLP patients were advised pelvic rest.ConclusionMost societies recommend follow‐up imaging at 32 weeks; however, our results suggest this may be done sooner and closer to 28 weeks. Pelvic rest did not affect timing of repeat imaging or delivery.
Optimizing landscape patterns to maximize ecological‐production benefits of water–food relationship: Evidence from the West Liaohe River basin, China
Authors: Lyu Xin , Li Xiaobing , Wang Kai , Dang Dongliang , Gong Jirui , Wang Hong , Lou Anru 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWatershed governance based on landscape pattern is a key research topic of watershed sustainable development, and the ecosystem services related to water resource management (WMESs) have become an important focus. The current research mainly focuses on the impact of land use type or landscape pattern on WMESs, while few studies focus on the relationship between WMESs and food production (FP), and the understanding of the impact of landscape pattern configuration on the water–food relationship is relatively limited. In this study, the West Liaohe River basin in China was selected as the research area. Based on the assessment of three WMESs (water yield, WY; soil loss by water, SW; and water purification, WP) and FP using models, we analyzed the influence mechanism of landscape pattern evolution on water–food relationship from 2000 to 2020. Then, the optimal allocation scheme of regional landscape patterns was discussed based on future land use scenario simulations. The results showed that the influence of landscape pattern evolution on the water–food relationship at the patch type level was higher than that at the landscape level, and the spatial configuration of landscape patterns can improve the water–food relationship. Promoting the intensive management of cropland and strengthening the construction of forest and grassland can improve the overall capacity of the WMESs and FP supply in the watershed. The study suggests that the natural development scenario, economic development scenario (EDS), and ecological protection scenario (EPS) should be implemented in counties A, B, and C, respectively. This indicates that counties with higher FP capacity are suitable for the EDS, while counties with lower FP capacity are suitable for the EPS, which will help maximize the benefits of FP and WMESs protection. The results of this study can provide a direct decision‐making basis for the maximization of ecological‐production benefits of the water–food relationship in watersheds and provide a scientific reference for land use policy regulation and ecological security protection of the watershed areas.