bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SUMO regulation of FKBP51 activity and the stress response
Authors: Gobbini Romina P. , Velardo Vanina Giselle , Sokn Clara , Liberman Ana C. , Arzt Eduardo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlucocorticoids (GCs) actions are mostly mediated by the GC receptor (GR), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Alterations of the GR activity have been associated to different diseases including mood disorders. FKBP51 is a GR chaperone that has gained much attention because it is a strong inhibitor of GR activity. FKBP51 exerts effects on many stress‐related pathways and may be an important mediator of emotional behavior. Key proteins involved in the regulation of the stress response and antidepressant action are regulated by SUMOylation, a post‐translational modification that has an important role in the regulation of neuronal physiology and disease. In this review, we focus on the role of SUMO‐conjugation as a regulator of this pathway.
Already here: Metaverse in touch and sound
Authors: Puntoni Stefano 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis commentary questions two common assumptions underlying discussions of how digital technology can enrich the consumer experience. First, broad conceptualizations tend to accommodate augmented reality and virtual reality under a single metaverse umbrella. This commentary draws attention to differences between the two and to the present‐day prevalence of augmented reality experiences. Second, discussions of the metaverse tend to focus on visual experiences. This commentary draws attention to the impact that augmented reality is having through other senses. I argue that augmented reality experiences are ubiquitous because smartphones and wearables enrich our everyday life with haptic and sonic information.
Self‐control and grit are associated with school performance mainly because of shared genetic effects
Authors: Kevenaar Sofieke T. , Dolan Conor V. , Boomsma Dorret I. , van Bergen Elsje 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundBy combining the classical twin design with regression analysis, we investigated the role of two non‐cognitive factors, self‐control and grit, in the prediction of school performance. We did so at the phenotypic, genetic, and environmental level.MethodsTeachers filled out a survey on the twins' school performance (school grades for reading, literacy, and math), self‐control (ASEBA self‐control scale), and grit (the perseverance aspect) for 4891 Dutch 12‐years‐old twin pairs (3837 pairs with data for both and 1054 pairs with data for one of the twins). We employed regression analyses to first assess the contributions of self‐control and grit to school performance at the phenotypic level, and next at the genetic and environmental level, while correcting for rater (teacher) effects, parental SES, and sex.ResultsHigher SES was associated with better school performance, self‐control, and grit. On average, girls had more self‐control and grit than boys. Corrected for sex, SES, and teacher rater effects, genetic factors accounted for 74%, 69%, and 58% of the phenotypic variance of school performance, self‐control, and grit, respectively. Phenotypically, self‐control and grit explained 28.3% of the variance in school performance. We found that this phenotypic result largely reflected genetic influences.ConclusionsChildren who have better self‐control and are grittier tend to do better in school. Individual differences in these three traits are not correlated because of shared environmental influences, but mainly because of shared genetic factors.
The use of artificial intelligence and game‐based learning in removable partial denture design: A comparative study
Authors: Mahrous Ahmed , Botsko David L. , Elgreatly Amira , Tsujimoto Akimasa , Qian Fang , Schneider Galen B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare student performance in removable partial denture (RPD) design during a pre‐clinical RPD course with and without using a recently developed computer software named AiDental. Additionally, student perceptions associated with the use of this software were assessed.MethodsThe AiDental software consists of a learning environment containing an RPD design system that automatically designs RPDs based on the user's input. The software also contains an RPD game component that compares the user's RPD Design to an automatically generated RPD ideal design. The study was conducted in two phases. In phase one, pre‐clinical second‐year dental students who participated in the study were randomly divided into two groups: The AiDental group with AiDental software access (n = 36), and the conventional group without software access (n = 37). Both groups received conventional RPD instruction and practice, however, the AiDental group had additional access to the AiDental software. After 2 weeks, both groups took a mock practical test, which was collected and graded by the principal investigator (PI). The PI was blinded from group assignment and no identifying information was used in the mock practical. In phase two, all students were granted access to the AiDental software for the remainder of the pre‐clinical course duration. At the conclusion of the course, all students were given a survey to evaluate their perceptions of the AiDental software. Descriptive statistics were calculated and analyzed. Variables related to perceptions of both the AiDental designer and game were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation test, the chi‐square test, Fisher's exact test, and the non‐parametric Wilcoxon rank‐sum test as appropriate. In addition, a thematic analysis of the responses to the optional comments section was conducted using the Braun and Clarke method.ResultsPhase one results showed that subjects in the AiDental group were more likely than subjects in the conventional group to receive a final grade of A or B. Phase two results showed generally favorable student perceptions towards the software, and additionally, the results showed that age was significantly negatively correlated with ease of use of the software, improving decision‐making, and critical thinking relative to RPD design choices. However, no correlation between age and using the software as a reference were noted.ConclusionsThe use of AiDental's automated feedback and gamification techniques in RPD education had a positive effect on student grades and it was well‐liked by students. Thus, the results suggest that AiDental has the potential to be a useful adjunct to pre‐clinical teaching.
Modification process of selected thermoplastics with cold plasma and evaluation of changes in their properties
Authors: Janík R. , Kohutiar M. , Skalková P. , Pajtášová M. , Labaj I. , Šulcová J. , Dobrovská J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTargeted surface modification of materials is becoming a commonly used process in the production and research environment. This process alters the functional properties of the polymer surface and, under laboratory and manufacturing conditions, can ideally be initiated by a diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge plasma, also called a cold plasma. The efficiency of the surface modification process by this type of discharge is given mainly by the speed of the plasma‐chemical modification process. An interesting area of research in this area is the characterization of changes in the above plasma chemical modification. The nature of the changes can be observed ideally on the flat surfaces of selected materials, since the height of the visually homogeneous plasma layer is approximately 0.3 mm. During the process of plasma chemical modification, the investigated surface of the polymeric material is also exposed to temperature, electric micro‐discharges, heat flow and ultraviolet radiation. All these elements affect changes that need to be investigated and described. The effect of temperature and micro‐discharges during the cold plasma treatment can be evaluated from thermograms. Visually homogenous plasma respectively heat flow from its generation is first time monitored with Schlieren Imaging system. The effect of degradation (due to ultraviolet radiation) of polymers is monitored with static tensile test.
Computational evaluation of automotive camber component for light‐weight design
Authors: Kim K. J. , Lee J.‐W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to global warming, environmental issues are one of the most interesting issues in the world. Especially for automobiles that emit pollutants, the issue of lightweight design is one of the important research areas. Thus, this study deals with the lightweight design of a camber link, an automotive suspension component, through finite element analysis. With reference to the camber link made of steel (SM45C) material that has been proven by commercialization, we will replace it with A356 aluminum alloy material to reduce the weight. Here, the design was changed through finite element analysis to reinforce the reduction of rigidity due to material substitution. In particular, we propose a method of designing a camber link considering the safety factor by analyzing the change of stress applied to the suspension. The weight reduction of about 14 % was achieved through static analysis using the weight factor. Using the dynamic optimization method through static analysis using the weight factor and stress ratio, it can be seen that the application is convenient and easy for the lightweight and optimal design of automobile parts.
Modelling and simulation of the hardness profile and its effect on the stress‐strain behaviour of punched electrical steel sheets
Authors: Kubaschinski P. , Gottwalt‐Baruth A. , Tetzlaff U. , Altenbach H. , Waltz M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe shear cutting of electrical steel sheets has a significant influence on the magnetic and mechanical material properties. Due to plastic deformation and strain hardening in the area of the punched edge, the electrical steel sheets exhibit a characteristic hardness profile. This study deals with the modelling of the resulting hardness profile by means of finite‐element simulations. Elastic‐plastic material properties are obtained from spherical nanoindentation testing as a function of the local hardness. In particular, representative stress‐strain values are determined by applying Tabor's concept of indentation stress‐strain curves. The choice of the appropriate stress‐ and strain‐constraint factors is discussed with respect to the nanoindentation test setup used. Following this, the representative stress‐strain values are analytically described to determine true stress‐strain curves for the local assignment of different material models depending on the hardness. The implementation of the modelling approach in a finite‐element simulation is presented for a punched electrical steel sheet specimen under monotonic loading. The simulation results are basically in good agreement with experimental data and confirm the expected influence on the mechanical material behaviour due to the shear cutting process.
Modeling of the residual stress state in laser welded assemblies from micrographs
Authors: Aberbache H. , Bolot R. , Mathieu A. , Corolleur A. , Laurent F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work aims to study the influence of the shape of the weldseam on residual stresses in a laser welded assembly. The applied model directly uses micrographs of the weld cross‐section as mesh: for this, an in‐house tool was developed that makes it possible to convert micrographs into an APDL (Ansys Parametric Design Language) script command file readable by ANSYS. Application of a distinct reference temperature for the weld bead elements makes it possible to consider its shrinkage during cooling from the solidus temperature. Residual stresses related to thermal deformations can then be calculated. Welding of 304L stainless steel is considered as reference case.
Using 3D‐scanners and finite element method to assess the fatigue life of welded joints based on the actual geometry of seam welds: realistic modelling of notches at the weld toe
Authors: Späth R. , Steinebrunner M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo predict the service life of welded joints, the seam welds of samples (cross joint, K‐seam, sheet thickness 15 mm and a laser‐welded butt joint, sheet thickness 6 mm, both made of steel quality S 355) are recorded using a 3D scanner. The data obtained in this way is processed and transferred to a finite element method program. The meshing of the weld seams is very detailed. A finite‐element‐method stress calculation is then carried out. The real samples are tested in a fatigue test up to the point of cracking. The results from calculation and test are then compared. A possible crack location can be predicted very well using the finite element method results. The cracks in the real test are always in the area of very high or often the absolute highest calculated stresses. A prediction of the service life in the fatigue test is possible with a certain scatter – close to the usual scatter for welded joints. Based on the results of 19 samples, a fatigue class for local stress (based on the real geometry) of FAT 300 can be preliminary estimated for the cross‐joint specimens. Definition according to the specifications of the International Institute of Welding (FAT at 2 mio. cycles, survival probability 97.7 %).
Role of pyroptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases
Authors: Jin Xiangyu , Ma Yinchu , Liu Didi , Huang Yi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProgrammed cell death (PCD) is regarded as a pathological form of cell death with an intracellular program mediated, which plays a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis and embryonic development. Pyroptosis is a new paradigm of PCD, which has received increasing attention due to its close association with immunity and disease. Pyroptosis is a form of inflammatory cell death mediated by gasdermin that promotes the release of proinflammatory cytokines and contents induced by inflammasome activation. Recently, increasing evidence in studies shows that pyroptosis has a crucial role in inflammatory conditions like cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancer, neurological diseases (NDs), and metabolic diseases (MDs), suggesting that targeting cell death is a potential intervention for the treatment of these inflammatory diseases. Based on this, the review aims to identify the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways related to pyroptosis activation and summarizes the current insights into the complicated relationship between pyroptosis and multiple human inflammatory diseases (CVDs, cancer, NDs, and MDs). We also discuss a promising novel strategy and method for treating these inflammatory diseases by targeting pyroptosis and focus on the pyroptosis pathway application in clinics.
Manufacturer encroachment on a green supply chain with environmental labeling
Authors: Hu Yufei , Chen Lianghua , Chi Yingying , Wang Yinuo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates manufacturer encroachment on a green supply chain wherein alternative environmental labels are utilized to disclose the hidden product greenness attribute. We show that both self‐ and government labels facilitate and adjust the promotion effect of encroachment on product greenness, stimulating green demand and retail prices for profitability improvement and raising wholesale prices for investment sharing. The difference is that self‐labeling's low credibility and complete self‐interest features only induce inferior greenness increments and coordination effects. Government labeling outperforms self‐labeling in simultaneously optimizing the interests of the manufacturer, retailer, and society, presuming the benefits of greenness improvement reimburse investments.
Diagnostic yield and clinical impact of chromosomal microarray analysis in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Cucinotta Francesca , Lintas Carla , Tomaiuolo Pasquale , Baccarin Marco , Picinelli Chiara , Castronovo Paola , Sacco Roberto , Piras Ignazio Stefano , Turriziani Laura , Ricciardello Arianna , Scattoni Maria Luisa , Persico Antonio M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by high heritability estimates and recurrence rates; its genetic underpinnings are very heterogeneous and include variable combinations of common and rare variants. Array‐comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) offers significant sensitivity for the identification of copy number variants (CNVs), which can act as susceptibility or causal factors for ASD.MethodsThe aim of this study was to evaluate both diagnostic yield and clinical impact of aCGH in 329 ASD patients of Italian descent.ResultsPathogenic/likely pathogenic CNVs were identified in 50/329 (15.2%) patients, whereas 89/329 (27.1%) carry variants of uncertain significance. The 10 most enriched gene sets identified by Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis are primarily involved in neuronal function and synaptic connectivity. In 13/50 (26.0%) patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic CNVs, the outcome of array‐CGH led to the request of 25 additional medical exams which would not have otherwise been prescribed, mainly including brain MRI, EEG, EKG, and/or cardiac ultrasound. A positive outcome was obtained in 12/25 (48.0%) of these additional tests.ConclusionsThis study confirms the satisfactory diagnostic yield of aCGH, underscoring its potential for better, more in‐depth care of children with autism when genetic results are analyzed also with a focus on patient management.
Dietary Supplementation with the Probiotic SF68 Reinforces Intestinal Epithelial Barrier in Obese Mice by Improving Butyrate Bioavailability
Authors: Benvenuti Laura , D'Antongiovanni Vanessa , Pellegrini Carolina , Fornai Matteo , Bernardini Nunzia , Ippolito Chiara , Segnani Cristina , Di Salvo Clelia , Colucci Rocchina , Martelli Alma , Flori Lorenzo , Calderone Vincenzo , Carta Gianfranca , Ghelardi Emilia , Calvigioni Marco , Panattoni Adelaide , Coppolecchia Raffaella , Arini Achille , Antonioli Luca 
Published: April 2023

ScopeModifications in intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, the short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) are main factors altering intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and eliciting the onset of a meta‐inflammation observed in obesity. The present study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of Enterococcus faecium (SF68) administration in counteracting the impairment of gut barrier and enteric inflammation in a model of diet‐induced obesity, characterizing the molecular mechanisms underlying such beneficial effects.Methods and ResultsMale C57BL/6J mice, fed with standard diet (SD) or high‐fat diet (HFD), are treated with SF68 (108 CFU day−1). After 8 weeks, plasma interleukin (IL)‐1β and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) are measured, analysis of fecal microbiota composition and butyrate content as well as intestinal malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, mucins, tight junction protein, and butyrate transporter expression are investigated. After 8 weeks, SF68 administration counteracts the body weight gain in HFD mice, reducing plasma IL‐1β and LBP. In parallel, SF68 treatment acts against the intestinal inflammation in HFD‐fed animals and improves the intestinal barrier integrity and functionality in obese mice via the increase in tight junction protein and intestinal butyrate transporter (sodium‐coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1 ) expression.ConclusionsSupplementation with SF68 reduces intestinal inflammation and reinforces the enteric epithelial barrier in obese mice, improving the transport and utilization of butyrate.
A high‐power dual‐mode oversized substrate‐integrated waveguide (OS‐SIW) filter with flexible transmission zero (TZ) and bandwidth
Authors: Li Meiling , He Wensi , Zheng Qi , Yang Xuexia , Yi Zixuan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a high‐power and sharp‐skirt‐selectivity bandpass filter with flexible transmission zero (TZ) and bandwidth. The proposed filter consists of three cascaded dual‐mode resonant cavities and a bandstop resonant structure. The dual‐mode resonant cavity is composed of a substrate‐integrated waveguide structure and a mushroom metal structure, which can implement a controllable bandwidth and generate a TZ for sharp skirt selectivity. Meanwhile, the middle dual‐mode resonant cavity is an oversized waveguide structure to improve power capacity. Moreover, the integrated bandstop resonant structure is used to generate another flexible TZ. The effect of different dimensional mushroom metal structures and bandstop resonant structures are also analyzed in detail. Finally, the proposed structure is fabricated and tested. Simulation results show that the proposed filter has an insertion loss of −1 dB at the passband 8.9–10.7 GHz with two TZs on both sides of the passband. Additionally, the proposed filter can obtain an 11 MW power capacity. Compared with the traditional filters, the proposed filter possesses high‐power and sharp skirt selectivity characteristics, and its position of TZ and bandwidth can be properly adjusted.
What is the relationship between philanthropy, materiality and public space?
Authors: Daly Siobhan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article explores the dynamic between public space and material representations of philanthropy. It adapts the conception of public space in terms of layers: physical, code and content (Lessig, 2001; Németh, 2012). The article discusses physical forms of philanthropy and the codified norms, processes and relationships in material representations of philanthropy (code). To this end, part one examines how gifts of buildings and the memorialisation of philanthropy embody the philanthropic dominance of public space. Part two explores how the (re)appropriation of public space(s) encapsulates what happens in, and in relation to physical manifestations of philanthropy (content). Specifically; (i) the uses of spaces (ii) deliberation in public spaces; (iii) the decolonisation of philanthropic processes and practices; and (iv) the complementarity of public space and the public sphere. The article offers a novel heuristic for philanthropy and public space that can also inform conversations between development professionals and donors, and public debate.
The preparation of 3,4‐ethylenedioxy thiophene (EDOT)‐based conjugated microporous polymers by direct arylation polymerization and fluorescence‐sensing nitro‐aromatic compounds and iodine
Authors: Ren Li‐Ying , Li Qian‐Qian , Zhang Yu‐Xia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe 3,4‐ethylenedioxy thiophene (EDOT)‐based conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) were readily constructed via facile one‐step direct arylation polymerication of CH from simple EDOT as a linker and commercially available aryl bromides of different geometries as the knots, without preactivation of CH bonds of aromatic building blocks using organometallic reagents. In contrast to conventional coupling reactions, this synthesis strategy not only has atomic efficiency but also can use simple thiophene derivatives as building blocks for synthesizing thiophene‐based CMPs of different structures, which avoids the synthesis of complex thiophene derivatives and are important for applications, for example, fluorescent sensors. The resulting EDOT‐based CMPs were used to fluorescent sensing to 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP), I2, and p‐nitrophenol (p‐NP), with high optimal Stern‐Volmer quenching constants.