bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revision surgery for laryngotracheal stenosis in children: A single center's 44 years experience
Authors: Gluvajić Daša , Bhate Janhvi Jayesh , Sandu Kishore 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesOutcome measures of revision open airway surgery in pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) are reported.MethodsData on 46 pediatric LTS patients undergoing revision open airway surgery were collected retrospectively. The measured outcomes were decannulation rate, time to decannulation, postoperative complications, additional surgery to achieve decannulation, and functional results.ResultsThe most common revision surgery was partial cricotracheal resection (PCTR) in 21/46, followed by extended PCTR (ePCTR) in 20/46, and laryngotracheal reconstruction (LTR) in 5/46 patients. A 90.7% overall decannulation rate (ODR) and a 74.4% operation‐specific decannulation rate (OSDR) were achieved. Delayed decannulation was identified in children aged 5 years or less (p = 0.038) and in patients with previous primary open airway surgery (p = 0.039). Complications were observed in 52.2% of patients. To achieve optimal airway patency, additional open or endoscopic airway surgeries were necessary in 30.4% and 47.7% of patients, respectively. Age 5 years or less (p = 0.034), multiple comorbidities (p = 0.044), revision ePCTR (p = 0.023), and laryngeal stenting (p = 0.018) were risk factors requiring additional open surgery to achieve age‐appropriate airway. Failed primary open airway surgery (p = 0.034) and comorbidities (p = 0.044) were risk factors for a higher rate of additional endoscopic surgeries. Postoperatively 63.0% of patients achieved normal breathing, 82.2% were dysphonic and 91.1% were orally fed.ConclusionsIn this report, the patient's age under 5 years, previous primary open airway surgery, medical comorbidities, and laryngeal stenting had a significant negative impact on revision open airway surgery outcomes.Level of EvidenceLevel 4 Laryngoscope, 133:3200–3207, 2023
Wideband radar cross section reduction of a circularly polarized antenna using polarization conversion metasurfaces
Authors: Rahman Saeed Ur , Deng Hai , Li Ronghao , Khalil Hisham , Khan Ijaz , Ullah Habib 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, a technique for designing a compact and low radar cross section (RCS) circularly polarized (CP) antenna is proposed. The designed CP antenna resonates at 8.7 GHz. The circular polarization is achieved by trimming opposite corners of the square patch and etching out thin slots. A new method is used to keep the radiation performance well preserved and to reduce the RCS of the CP antenna by employing polarization conversion metasurfaces. The PCM comprises double‐head arrow elements arranged around the CP antenna in four quadrants. Wideband monostatic RCS reduction is achieved for frequencies from 8.0 to 20 GHz. The experimental results verify the simulated ones, and also, the performance parameters such are realized gain, impedance bandwidth, axial ratio, and radiation pattern are well preserved after loading polarization conversion metasurface.
Boreal Forest Landscape Restoration in the Face of Extensive Forest Fragmentation and Loss
Authors: Svensson Johan , Mikusiński Grzegorz , Bubnicki Jakub W. , Andersson Jon , Jonsson Bengt Gunnar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHistorical conditions that provide a natural legacy for defining restoration targets are not applicable without adjusting these targets to expected future conditions. Prestoration approaches, defined as restoration that simultaneously considers past, present, and future conditions with a changing climate, are necessary to advance the protection of biodiversity and the provisioning of ecosystem services. Large areas of boreal forest landscapes are transformed and degraded by industrial forestry practices. With largely fragmented and too-small areas of remaining high conservation value forests, protection and preservation are insufficient and must be complemented by active restoration in the managed forest matrix. Successful forest landscape restoration incorporates varied spatiotemporal scales and resolutions to compose restoration routes that best reflect the expected future sustainability challenges as well as planning and governance frameworks.
Millennial-Scale Disturbance History of the Boreal Zone
Authors: Aakala Tuomas , Remy Cécile C. , Arseneault Dominique , Morin Hubert , Girardin Martin P. , Gennaretti Fabio , Navarro Lionel , Kuosmanen Niina , Ali Adam A. , Boucher Étienne , Stivrins Normunds , Seppä Heikki , Bergeron Yves , Girona Miguel Montoro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLong-term disturbance histories, reconstructed using diverse paleoecological tools, provide high-quality information about pre-observational periods. These data offer a portrait of past environmental variability for understanding the long-term patterns in climate and disturbance regimes and the forest ecosystem response to these changes. Paleoenvironmental records also provide a longer-term context against which current anthropogenic-related environmental changes can be evaluated. Records of the long-term interactions between disturbances, vegetation, and climate help guide forest management practices that aim to mirror “natural” disturbance regimes. In this chapter, we outline how paleoecologists obtain these long-term data sets and extract paleoenvironmental information from a range of sources. We demonstrate how the reconstruction of key disturbances in the boreal forest, such as fire and insect outbreaks, provides critical long-term views of disturbance-climate-vegetation interactions. Recent developments of novel proxies are highlighted to illustrate advances in reconstructing millennial-scale disturbance-related dynamics and how this new information benefits the sustainable management of boreal forests in a rapidly changing climate.
Changes in Water Status and Carbon Allocation in Conifers Subjected to Spruce Budworm Defoliation and Consequences for Tree Mortality and Forest Management
Authors: Deslauriers Annie , Balducci Lorena , Fierravanti Angelo , Bouchard Mathieu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe ability of forests to provide ecosystem services and renewable goods faces several challenges related to insect defoliation. Spruce budworm outbreaks represent one of the major natural disturbances in the boreal forest of eastern North America. In this chapter, we will focus on the effects of defoliation by eastern spruce budworm in balsam fir and black spruce trees. We first describe tree water status depending on the duration of defoliation. We then present the response of springtime starch reserves and radial growth at different levels of defoliation. We summarize four mechanisms to explain mortality under defoliation and the consequences for forest management.
Futuring ‘Nusantara’: Detangling Indonesia’s Modernist Archipelagic Imaginaries
Authors: Simarmata Hendricus A. , Rafliana Irina , Herbeck Johannes , Siriwardane-de Zoysa Rapti 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArchipelagic identities have long patterned Indonesian historic imaginaries, collective memory, and its postcolonial modernist narratives on nation-building. This chapter examines and puts into conversation two distinct and interrelated concepts undergirding archipelagic thinking – ‘Nusantara’ and the lesser studied ‘Tanah Air’ – against speculative visions of Indonesia’s developmental trajectories. These concepts intersect with Indonesia’s aspirational vision as a maritime nation that is to take its place within a regional and globalist paradigm of ocean-centric economic growth. Inspired by critical ocean studies and by drawing on narrative analysis, we begin by considering the paradoxes within Indonesia’s contemporary blue economy growth visions in relation to its older land-based biases in planning and nation-building. In critically engaging with Indonesia’s own oceanic turn towards a blue growth orthodoxy, we consider three aspects of its futuring trajectory, namely industrialization, infrastructural development, and its recent choice of relocating its administrative capital to east Kalimantan. While engaging with paradigmatic land-locked biases and political path dependencies that unwittingly entrench ‘Java-centric’ development, we illustrate how Indonesia’s distinct archipelagic thinking has co-evolved in recent history, and with what cultural resonance for its nation-building vision in the decades to come.
Einführung
Authors: Rapp Andrea 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDigitale Editionen und Annotationen wurden in dieser Sektion als Ergebnis wie auch als Grundlage und Ausgangspunkt wissenschaftlicher Forschung betrachtet. Die Perspektiven auf Edition umfassten sowohl den digitalen Produktionsprozess der Erstellung von Editionen als auch die erweiterten Rezeptions- und Auswertungsmöglichkeiten digitaler Präsentationsformen. Vielfältige Bezugspunkte ergaben sich darüber hinaus zu den Themen der anderen Sektionen, wenn beispielsweise digitale Editionen und annotierte Korpora als Grundlage digitaler Analyseverfahren adressiert wurden oder die Rolle von Bibliotheken, Archiven und Verlagen bei der Erstellung und Bewahrung digitaler Editionen bedacht wurde.
Small Worlds, Beat Charts und die Netzwerkanalyse dramatischer Texte. Reflexionen aus dem Rabbit Hole
Authors: Trilcke Peer 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungAusgehend von der Frage nach den Eigenarten der Begriffsverwendung in digital-empirischen Forschungsarbeiten der Literaturwissenschaft, präsentiert und diskutiert der Beitrag zwei Studien zur formalen Netzwerkanalyse von Dramentexten, jeweils entstanden im Kontext der dlina-Arbeitsgruppe. Anhand der typologischen Studie zu Dramen als Small Worlds auf der einen Seite, anhand der Entwicklung der Drama Change Rate auf der anderen Seite wird dabei auf die Eigenlogiken hingewiesen, die der digital-literaturwissenschaftlichen Operationalisierung und der “programming imagination” (Franco Moretti) innewohnt. Diese Eigenlogiken, so das Resümee des Beitrags, führen u.a. zu einer vierfachen (statistischen, anästhetischen, diagrammatischen und rhetorischen) Alterität von Argumentationsweisen in der digitalen Literaturwissenschaft.
‘Could be the translation, of course’. Analysing the perception of literary fiction and literary translations
Authors: van Dalen-Oskam Karina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe advent of information technology has greatly expanded the methodological toolkit of literary scholars. In the digital humanities project The Riddle of Literary Quality, methods from literary studies, linguistics and computer science are combined with sociological approaches. I will describe how this project went about mixing and blending methods from different research disciplines in search of more knowledge about the modern-day Dutch and European literary systems.
Ein Quantum Literatur. Empirische Daten zu einer Theorie des literarischen Textumfangs
Authors: Fischer Frank , Jäschke Robert 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungAn den banalen Umstand, dass jeder literarische Text einen bestimmten Umfang hat, knüpfen sich einige Fragen, die bisher noch kaum gestellt wurden; Fragen etwa nach dem Einfluss von Textlängen auf Rezeptions-, Interpretations- und Kanonisierungsprozesse. Eine Theorie des literarischen Textumfangs fehlt bisher, ist jedoch unter den Bedingungen einer Digitalen Literaturwissenschaft umso dringlicher, da ohne eine entsprechende Klärung die Bedeutung der quantitativen Grenzen des literarischen Erbes nicht angemessen diskutiert werden kann. Bisher ist eher von der Gesamtzahl gescannter Bücher oder Volltexte die Rede, aber kaum von deren jeweiligem Umfang. In diesem Aufsatz versuchen wir daher zwei Dinge: Zum einen möchten wir den Diskurs zum Thema ‚literarischer Textumfang‘ miteröffnen, indem wir einige bisher nur vereinzelt zu findende Überlegungen zur Bedeutung von Textumfängen zusammenführen. Zum anderen sollen die Grundzüge eines Frameworks zur Beforschung entsprechender empirischer Daten beschrieben werden. Letzteres geschieht anhand zweier Metadatensätze, einerseits bezogen auf den weltliterarisch orientierten Kanon 1001 Books You Must Read Before You Die aus dem Jahr 2006, andererseits auf den Katalog der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek(DNB), aus dem wir 180.000 als Roman verschlagwortete Bücher gefiltert haben. Um die DNB-Katalogdaten zu qualifizieren, wurden sie mit der freien Wissensdatenbank Wikidata vernetzt. Da sich beide Datensätze nicht aus Volltexten, sondern aus Metadaten konstituieren, basieren unsere Ergebnisse zwangsläufig auf der Buchseite als Einheit der Textumfangsmessung. In Zukunft wird ein solches Framework auch die Anzahl von Wörtern oder Zeichen in Betracht ziehen müssen, um die variabel-invariable Doppelnatur des literarischen Textumfangs angemessen diskutieren und komparatistisch nutzbar machen zu können.
Diskussionsbericht Sektion I. Literatur(wissenschaft) unter digitalen Bedingungen
Authors: Borkowski Jan 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie drei Vorlagen, die sich mit Literaturwissenschaft unter digitalen Bedingungen befassten, setzten die etablierte Praxis aus verschiedenen Perspektiven mit Möglichkeiten in Beziehung, welche die Digitalisierung eröffnet. Sie legten dar, wie Computermodelle mit ‚traditionellen‘ literaturwissenschaftlichen Positionen, etwa historisch-hermeneutischen, in Verbindung gebracht werden können (Kuhn).
Segregation und soziale Benachteiligung
Authors: Guhl Jutta , Blanc Maurice 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungSoziale Benachteiligung manifestiert sich im Raum u. a. durch eine räumliche Konzentration sozial schwacher Gruppen in bestimmten Stadtgebieten. Der Beitrag beleuchtet dies für Frankreich, Deutschland und die Schweiz.Zur Beurteilung der Auswirkungen von segregiertem Wohnen, müssen die jeweiligen Bedingungen in den Blick genommen werden: Handelt es sich um freiwillige oder erzwungene Segregation, ist sie temporär und erfüllt eventuell gar eine integrative Funktion oder manifestiert sich in ihr dauerhafter Ausschluss? Von Bedeutung sind nicht zuletzt die Lebensbedingungen in den betroffenen Quartieren: Fügen die Quartiere bestehender Benachteiligung eine weitere Dimension bei oder gelingt es durch eine aktive Quartierspolitik Entwicklungsoptionen zu bieten?
Mediatized Families: Digital Parenting on Social Media
Authors: Thimm Caja 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe digital transformation is a structural change that affects all areas of society and does not leave the individual untouched. It is reflected in new economic sectors and business models, as well as in the way people communicate, learn, work, and live together. These massive transformation processes that are currently taking place in almost all areas of society have also influenced families around the globe.
Fazit und Ausblick zum ambidextren Innovationsmanagement
Authors: Lang-Koetz Claus , Reischl Annika , Fischer Stephan , Weber Sabrina , Kusch Anina 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie vorgestellten Konzepte und Methoden für ein ambidextres Innovationsmanagement in KMU eignen sich für exploitative und explorative Vorgehensweisen. Selbstorganisiertes Innovationsmanagement bedeutet nun, auf Basis vorhandener Parameter und Rahmenbedingungen selbstständig zu entscheiden, wann welche klassischen und/oder agilen Methoden in der Praxis am besten geeignet sind. In diesem Kapitel werden die wichtigsten Themen des Buchs zusammengefasst. In einem Ausblick werden insbesondere die Relevanz der nachhaltigen Entwicklung für das Innovationsmanagement sowie die Rolle von Führung, Unternehmenskultur und Netzwerken adressiert.
Co-operation of Edu-business and Public Schooling: Is the Governance of Education in Finland Shifting from the Public Sector to Networks?
Authors: Kiesi Iida 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe number of edu-business actors involved in Finnish schooling is increasing, as is their collaboration with the public sector. This chapter introduces concrete examples of how edu-business actors in Finland collaborate with state actors and also discusses what their aspirations are for future collaboration with state actors. By analysing these forms of co-operation and the expectations of Finnish edu-business actors, I aim to describe the current position and the course of governance of education in Finland. I argue that edu-business networks, that cross and blur the sectoral boundaries between public and private, create possibilities for edu-business actors to affect education policies in Finland. This possibility of a shift from the public governance of education towards network governance can weaken the democratic aspects of the public education system as networks lack commitment to transparent decision-making and accountability to the public.
Divided Cities—Divided Schools? School Segregation and the Role of Needs-Based Resource Allocation in Finland
Authors: Ramos Lobato Isabel , Bernelius Venla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor a long time, Finland stood out in international pupil assessments with a rare combination of excellent overall performance and a high level of equality. However, recent PISA studies point to both deteriorating learning outcomes and increasing importance of pupils’ social background for their learning outcomes in Finland. In addition, strongly increasing socio-economic and ethnic residential segregation in many Finnish cities has had a marked effect on schools since residential patterns are a central factor in school segregation and over one third of Finnish school children live in larger cities. The growing differences between the student intakes of schools have led to strongly diverging learning outcomes and learning conditions between schools in Finland. Urban segregation has therefore become a key question for educational equality and Finnish educational policies. In this chapter, we scrutinise the ways in which school segregation is related to societal and spatial differentiation in the Finnish urban context and how this relationship is further reflected in the differentiation of the schools’ educational outcomes. Moreover, we analyse the existing needs-based resourcing responses and their effectiveness. Our empirical material is focused on the city of Helsinki, as it is currently the only city with a systematic needs-based resource allocation policy. Our chapter illustrates that the traditional egalitarian and universal “same level for all” approach of the education system in Finland seems increasingly unable to overcome the growing differences in a segregating Finnish society. To compensate for children’s unequal starting positions and the increasingly divergent learning and social conditions between schools, the Finnish education system needs stronger support mechanisms that systematically allocate resources towards the individual needs of schools.
Businessing Around Comprehensive Schooling
Authors: Seppänen Piia , Kiesi Iida , Lempinen Sonia , Nivanaho Nina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe idea of education as a commodity, particularly as a field of export, has gradually taken hold in Finland creating a base for government collaboration with edu-business. In that logic comprehensive schooling for citizens in a small nation like Finland is positioned as a tool for a platform economy and to make profit within a sector of welfare society that has traditionally been considered separate from business-making forces. In this chapter after briefly describing the commercial actors in comprehensive schooling in Finland, we aim to understand how businessing around comprehensive schooling works in Finland based on interviews with different types of actors who aim to create this industry. We distinguish the rationalities, logics and modes of operation of edu-business. The rationale behind private actors’ involvement in comprehensive schooling in Finland rests on their claimed ability to create “innovations” that schools themselves cannot make, mainly related to the use of technology. Possible negative side effects are not discussed. Edu-preneurs emphasise “evidence based” activities done outside the academic community, nevertheless they call this research. Industry-making in education is conducted via networks facilitating various edu-business related activities by connecting interests and actors. We conclude that society needs to be wary of multiple lines of products and policy pressures by global edu-business creating new policies like auditing and quality assurance policies to guide and consult education policy-makers. Overall developments in businessing around comprehensive schooling raise questions about democracy and schooling as public service in a small nation like Finland.
Isomonodromic Deformations: Confluence, Reduction and Quantisation
Authors: Gaiur Ilia , Mazzocco Marta , Rubtsov Vladimir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper we study the isomonodromic deformations of systems of differential equations with poles of any order on the Riemann sphere as Hamiltonian flows on the product of co-adjoint orbits of the truncated current algebra, also called generalised Takiff algebra. Our motivation is to produce confluent versions of the celebrated Knizhnik–Zamolodchikov equations and explain how their quasiclassical solution can be expressed via the isomonodromic $$\tau $$
τ
-function. In order to achieve this, we study the confluence cascade of $$r+ 1$$

r
+
1

simple poles to give rise to a singularity of arbitrary Poincaré rank r as a Poisson morphism and explicitly compute the isomonodromic Hamiltonians. In loving memory of Igor KricheverA great man and outstanding mathematician
An effective and considerable treatment of pilonidal sinus disease by laser ablation
Authors: Li Zhicheng , Jin Lei , Gong Tianyun , Qin Kaijian , Cui Can , Wang Zhenyi , Wu Jiong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe treatment of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease (SPD) is still challenging. Although many non-surgical and surgical methods exist, no consensus has been reached on the best treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of laser ablation using 1470‐nm radial diode laser fiber in treating SPD. We retrospectively studied the data of our 48 patients who operated on this technique between March 2019 and July 2022. All patients were treated with laser ablation using 1470‐nm radial diode laser fiber. The healing rate and recurrence rate, demographic and surgical data, postoperative pain, complications (wound infection, wound bleeding), the time of returning to regular work and life, and the time of wound healing were recorded. Postoperative pain was measured based on the visual analog scale (VAS) score. Postoperative follow-up was performed in the outpatient clinic every 1 week for 1 month. Among the 48 patients, 41 males and 7 females, with a mean age of 27.7 years (range 14–42), the healing rate was 100%, and the average healing time was 28.3 ± 5.5 days. Mean operative time was 15.5 ± 3.3 min. The recurrence rate was 2.1%. One patient relapsed 3 months after the operation. The patient underwent laser ablation again, and the sinus tract was closed. The median visual analog scale (VAS) score on the day of operation was 0(0,2). The median VAS score on the first, third, seventh, and fourteenth day after operation was 0(0,2), 0(0,1), 0(0,1), and 0(0,0), respectively. There was no wound infection or bleeding after the operation. The mean time to normal work/life was 7.1 ± 3.2 days. Almost all the patients felt very satisfied with the operation. Laser ablation using 1470‐nm radial diode laser fiber is effective in SPD treatment. It is associated with minor wounds and mild postoperative pain. It is a simple, safe, and minimally invasive technique and its clinical application for acute and chronic SPD in the absence of abscess is promising.