bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Normative Data for the Alternating and Orthographic Constraint Semantic Fluency Tests in the Adult French-Quebec Population and Validation Study in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Macoir Joël , Hudon Carol 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Verbal fluency tests, known to elicit executive functions (EFs), have proven useful in distinguishing healthy individuals from those with cognitive impairment. The present study addresses two new tests of verbal fluency that elicit EFs, namely, extradimensional alternating fluency (EAF) and extradimensional orthographic constraint semantic fluency (EOCSF). The aim of Study 1 was to provide normative data in the adult and elderly population of French Québec for the two fluency tests. The aim of Study 2 was to determine their psychometric value. The normative sample consisted of 338 healthy controls (HCs) aged 50–89 years. Multiple linear regressions were used to generate equations for calculating Z-scores. Convergent validity was established by administering the two verbal fluency tests and the Letter-Number Sequence (LNS) subtest of the WAIS-III. To assess predictive validity, the performance of 19 HCs was compared with that of 19 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 19 participants with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To determine test–retest reliability, the test was administered twice, 3 months apart, to a subsample of 20 HCs. Age and educational level were significantly related to performance in the EAF and the EOCSF. The two tests correlated significantly and positively with the LNS. The EAF and the EOCSF distinguished the performance of HCs from that of participants with MCI or AD. A test–retest analysis showed that scores on the two tests were stable over time. The norms and psychometric data for the EAF and the EOCSF will help clinicians and researchers better identify executive impairments associated with pathological conditions.
Current Weight Loss Medications: What Plastic Surgeons Should Know
Authors: Wirth Peter J , Shaffrey Ellen C , Bay Caroline , Rao Venkat K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that over 650 million adults are obese worldwide. Recently, antidiabetic medications have rapidly become popular as weight loss medications. With the rising prevalence of obesity and the increasing demand for aesthetic procedures, it is anticipated that a growing number of patients presenting for consultation will be prescribed these medications. Therefore, it is critical for practicing plastic surgeons to understand their potential synergistic effects and safety considerations. This manuscript explores the potential benefits and considerations of antidiabetic medications in plastic surgery patients for weight loss therapy. The authors discuss the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, potential side effects, and relevant considerations for incorporating these medications into plastic surgery practices and medical spas.
Breast Reconstruction With Simultaneous Bilateral Lumbar Artery Perforator Flaps Improves Waistline Definition and Buttock Projection
Authors: Teotia Sumeet S , Henn Dominic , Lakatta Alexis , Steppe Cyrus , Haddock Nicholas T 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The lumbar artery perforator (LAP) flap is a valuable secondary option for autologous breast reconstruction when abdominal donor sites are not available.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine how the LAP donor site affects waistline and gluteal proportions, and whether LAP flaps may produce potential secondary benefits concerning donor site aesthetics.

Methods
A retrospective review of 50 patients who underwent bilateral breast reconstruction with LAP flaps (100 flaps) between 2018 and 2022 was performed. Patient characteristics and postoperative complications were recorded. Pre- and postoperative standardized frontal and lateral patient photographs were analyzed to identify postoperative changes in waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) to assess waistline definition and buttock projection. The patients’ individual perception of postoperative aesthetic changes to their waistline and buttocks was determined by an electronic survey.

Results
The patients had a mean age of 51 years (range, 24-63 years) and a mean BMI of 26.9 kg/m2 (range, 19.3-37.4 kg/m2). Postoperative donor site complications included seroma (n = 10), wound dehiscence (n = 5), hematoma (n = 4), and wound infection (n = 2). Flap loss rate was 2%. After reconstruction, patients were found to have a more defined waistline, indicated by a significantly decreased WHR on frontal images (mean [standard error of the mean], 0.85 [0.05] vs 0.80 [0.05], P &lt; .005) and a more projected buttocks indicated by a significant reduction in WHR on lateral images (0.92 [0.07] vs 0.87 [0.07], P &lt; .0001). Among the patients who responded to the survey, 73% indicated that their waistline had aesthetically improved, 6.7% felt it had not changed, and 20% felt that it had worsened. An aesthetic improvement of the buttocks was reported by 53%, 40% felt their buttocks had not changed, and 6.7% felt their buttocks appearance had worsened.

Conclusions
Bilateral LAP flap breast reconstruction leads to improved waistline definition and buttock projection, bringing patients closer to ideal aesthetic proportions. This reconstructive approach is ideal for patients who are not candidates for abdominal free flaps, but who demonstrate excess flank tissue and seek a more defined waistline and projected buttocks.

Level of Evidence: 4
Income inequality in terms of a Gini coefficient: a Kaleckian perspective
Authors: Fujita Shinya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study presents a theoretical framework that connects functional income distribution and personal income distribution from the Kaleckian perspective and investigates the effects of changes in mark-up rate and interest rate on income inequality in terms of the Gini coefficient. The results demonstrate that a rise in the mark-up rate with weak bargaining power of workers raises the Gini coefficient irrespective of a profit-led or wage-led demand regime. The analyses also demonstrate that a decline in the interest rate negatively affects the Gini coefficient if and only if the bargaining power of workers is sufficiently strong.
Predictive metabolites for incident myocardial infarction: a two-step meta-analysis of individual patient data from six cohorts comprising 7897 individuals from the COnsortium of METabolomics Studies
Authors: Nogal Ana , Alkis Taryn , Lee Yura , Kifer Domagoj , Hu Jie , Murphy Rachel A , Huang Zhe , Wang-Sattler Rui , Kastenmüler Gabi , Linkohr Birgit , Barrios Clara , Crespo Marta , Gieger Christian , Peters Annette , Price Jackie , Rexrode Kathryn M , Yu Bing , Menni Cristina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aims
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Most metabolomics studies investigating metabolites predicting MI are limited by the participant number and/or the demographic diversity. We sought to identify biomarkers of incident MI in the COnsortium of METabolomics Studies.

Methods and results
We included 7897 individuals aged on average 66 years from six intercontinental cohorts with blood metabolomic profiling (n = 1428 metabolites, of which 168 were present in at least three cohorts with over 80% prevalence) and MI information (1373 cases). We performed a two-stage individual patient data meta-analysis. We first assessed the associations between circulating metabolites and incident MI for each cohort adjusting for traditional risk factors and then performed a fixed effect inverse variance meta-analysis to pull the results together. Finally, we conducted a pathway enrichment analysis to identify potential pathways linked to MI. On meta-analysis, 56 metabolites including 21 lipids and 17 amino acids were associated with incident MI after adjusting for multiple testing (false discovery rate &lt; 0.05), and 10 were novel. The largest increased risk was observed for the carbohydrate mannitol/sorbitol {hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 1.40 [1.26–1.56], P &lt; 0.001}, whereas the largest decrease in risk was found for glutamine [HR (95% CI) = 0.74 (0.67–0.82), P &lt; 0.001]. Moreover, the identified metabolites were significantly enriched (corrected P &lt; 0.05) in pathways previously linked with cardiovascular diseases, including aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis.

Conclusions
In the most comprehensive metabolomic study of incident MI to date, 10 novel metabolites were associated with MI. Metabolite profiles might help to identify high-risk individuals before disease onset. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of action and elaborate pathway findings.
Distal-vessel fractional flow reserve by computed tomography to monitor epicardial coronary artery disease
Authors: Chen Michael , Almeida Shone O , Sayre James W , Karlsberg Ronald P , Packard René R Sevag 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aims
Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and fractional flow reserve by computed tomography (FFR-CT) are increasingly utilized to characterize coronary artery disease (CAD). We evaluated the feasibility of distal-vessel FFR-CT as an integrated measure of epicardial CAD that can be followed serially, assessed the CTA parameters that correlate with distal-vessel FFR-CT, and determined the combination of clinical and CTA parameters that best predict distal-vessel FFR-CT and distal-vessel FFR-CT changes.

Methods and results
Patients (n = 71) who underwent serial CTA scans at ≥2 years interval (median = 5.2 years) over a 14-year period were included in this retrospective study. Coronary arteries were analysed blindly using artificial intelligence-enabled quantitative coronary CTA. Two investigators jointly determined the anatomic location and corresponding distal-vessel FFR-CT values at CT1 and CT2. A total of 45.3% had no significant change, 27.8% an improvement, and 26.9% a worsening in distal-vessel FFR-CT at CT2. Stepwise multiple logistic regression analysis identified a four-parameter model consisting of stenosis diameter ratio, lumen volume, low density plaque volume, and age, that best predicted distal-vessel FFR-CT ≤ 0.80 with an area under the curve (AUC) = 0.820 at CT1 and AUC = 0.799 at CT2. Improvement of distal-vessel FFR-CT was captured by a decrease in high-risk plaque and increases in lumen volume and remodelling index (AUC = 0.865), whereas increases in stenosis diameter ratio, medium density calcified plaque volume, and total cholesterol presaged worsening of distal-vessel FFR-CT (AUC = 0.707).

Conclusion
Distal-vessel FFR-CT permits the integrative assessment of epicardial atherosclerotic plaque burden in a vessel-specific manner and can be followed serially to determine changes in global CAD.
Sublobar resection reduces the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction compared with lobectomy
Authors: Zang Nailiang , Shen Wei , Li Shiyin , Chen Liqi , Ai Qing , Huang Weimeng , Lan Lan , Liu Jun , Wang Wei , Cui Fei , Huang Jun , Shao Wenlong , Huang Xiaoyun , Xu Pingyi , He Jianxing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Sublobar resection, including wedge resection and segmentectomy, is non-inferior to lobectomy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer treatment. We aimed to compare the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) between sublobar resection and lobectomy.

METHODS
We conducted a prospective cohort study. Patients with sublobar resection or lobectomy were divided into the sublobar group or the lobar group, respectively. Cognition was assessed before and after surgery with Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Minimum Mental State Examination tests. POCD is defined as Z score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment change ≤–1.96. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to make demographics well-balanced between the 2 groups.

RESULTS
A total of 335 patients were enrolled. Both the postoperative 1-day POCD rate (sublobar 5.5% vs lobar 18.2%, P &lt; 0.001) and the postoperative 1-month POCD rate (sublobar 7.9% vs lobar 21.8%, P &lt; 0.001) were significantly lower in the sublobar group compared with lobar group, with demographics unbalanced between the 2 groups. In the 133 demographics-matched pairs obtained by PSM, both the postoperative 1-day POCD rate (sublobar 5.3% vs lobar 17.3%, P = 0.005) and the postoperative 1-month POCD rate (sublobar 8.3% vs lobar 18.8%, P = 0.018) remained significantly lower in the sublobar group than in the lobar group. The incidences of postoperative 1-day (P = 0.109) and postoperative 1-month (P = 0.026) Minimum Mental State Examination abnormity were also lower in the sublobar group than in the lobar group but only the latter was with statistical significance after PSM.

CONCLUSIONS
Sublobar resection has an advantage over lobectomy in preventing POCD. Our findings might be a reference for selecting the most suitable type of resection for non-small-cell lung cancer patients.
Logistic regression vs. linear regression in exploring the importance of health literacy for the quality of life of patients with heart failure
Authors: Nagaty Reham M , Ahmed Mona Hassan , Seddik Amany M , Abdelaty Ahmed , Hamed Nofal Laila Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 heart failure patients selected from two hospitals in Alexandria governate. The HLS-EU-Q16 survey to assess HL, SF-12 health survey questionnaire to assess QoL, record review, and interviewing the patients were used to collect the required data. Linear and logistic regression models were used to explore the relation between health literacy and the QoL then comparing between the two models.

Results
Forty-six and half percent of HF patients had sufficient HL while 53.5% had insufficient HL. Patients showed low mean score of 34.16 ± 10.43 for the physical dimension of the SF-12 questionnaire (PCS-12), while the mental dimension (MCS-12) displayed good mean score of 41.87 ± 14.34. For the linear regression regarding PCS-12, HL was statistically significant and an independent predictor of PCS-12 in patients with HF, both before and after adjustment for the personal and clinical characteristics. Concerning MCS-12, we found that HL was statistically significant and an independent predictor of MCS-12 only before adjustment. While in logistic regression, considering PCS-12, analysis revealed that HL was not statistically significant predictor of the median-split dichotomized PCS-12 in both before and after adjustments for covariates. Regarding MCS-12, it was found that HL was statistically significant and an independent predictor of the median-split dichotomized MCS-12 only before adjustment for personal and clinical characteristics. The correct prediction percent in the logistic model of PCS-12 (70%) was higher than the linear model (53.5%). Similarly, the correct prediction percent in the logistic model of MCS-12 (68.5%) was higher than the linear model (57.5%).

Conclusion
It has been explained that HL is a statistically significant independent predictor of only the PCS-12 of SF-12 in the linear regression model but not for MCS-12, while it was not statistically significant predictor in the logistic models for the two dimensions of SF-12. However, each of the two models, linear regression model and logistic regression model, has its advantages and disadvantages.
Domestic courts as guarantors of international climate cooperation: Insights from the German Constitutional Court’s climate decision
Authors: Jahn Jannika 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Domestic courts in various countries have begun to scrutinize the political branches’ responses to climate change. A central argument against court interventions pushing an individual state’s climate actions is that the individual state cannot effectively promote climate protection, and, instead, will suffer economic disadvantages in global competition. The article counters this criticism with the thesis that judicial interventions contribute to an effective realization of climate protection if they strengthen international cooperation. To substantiate the thesis, the article draws on the economic analysis of law to examine states’ decision-making rationalities for entering international agreements. It then analyzes how judicial interventions may influence these parameters, with a particular focus on the recent climate decision of the German Constitutional Court, and embeds the domestic court decisions in an emerging public relations law that closely interlinks constitutional and international climate law.
Commentary: Some water in the data desert: the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network’s capacity to guide mitigation of cancer health disparities
Authors: Winn Robert A , Tossas Katherine Y , Doubeni Chyke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Despite significant progress in cancer research and treatment, a persistent knowledge gap exists in understanding and addressing cancer care disparities, particularly among populations that are marginalized. This knowledge deficit has led to a “data divide,” where certain groups lack adequate representation in cancer-related data, hindering their access to personalized and data-driven cancer care. This divide disproportionately affects marginalized and minoritized communities such as the U.S. Black population. We explore the concept of “data deserts,” wherein entire populations, often based on race, ethnicity, gender, disability, or geography, lack comprehensive and high-quality health data. Several factors contribute to data deserts, including underrepresentation in clinical trials, poor data quality, and limited access to digital technologies, particularly in rural and lower-socioeconomic communities.The consequences of data divides and data deserts are far-reaching, impeding equitable access to precision medicine and perpetuating health disparities. To bridge this divide, we highlight the role of the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET), which employs population simulation modeling to quantify cancer care disparities, particularly among the U.S. Black population. We emphasize the importance of collecting quality data from various sources to improve model accuracy. CISNET's collaborative approach, utilizing multiple independent models, offers consistent results and identifies gaps in knowledge. It demonstrates the impact of systemic racism on cancer incidence and mortality, paving the way for evidence-based policies and interventions to eliminate health disparities. We suggest the potential use of voting districts/precincts as a unit of aggregation for future CISNET modeling, enabling targeted interventions and informed policy decisions.
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a case report of an abdominal wall mass and review of the literature
Authors: Gorji Leva , Archer Andrew 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, slow-growing malignancy that often presents with an ambiguous clinical presentation due to its nonspecific findings. We present the case of a 41-year-old male who presented with a slow-growing mass on his abdomen that became protuberant and firm, prompting his desire to pursue excision. Upon return of histologic examination, the specimen was noted to be DFSP. DFSP is a rare cutaneous neoplasm that originates from the dermis and invades the underlying tissue creating a classic protuberant appearance. In some cases, chemotherapy and radiation may be indicated based on margins and locations. The sarcoma is notoriously complicated with early recurrence, making the disease process difficult to control. Surgeons should be familiar with this malignancy due to the indication of additional nonsurgical treatments and the necessity for long-term follow-up for surveillance of recurrence.
Impact of anti–squamous cell carcinoma antigen antibodies on serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay and chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay
Authors: Oyabu Chinami , Sato Itsuko , Yamamoto Mari , Imanishi Takamitsu , Sendo Sho , Yano Yoshihiko 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
The serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) level is a well-known tumor marker for squamous cell carcinoma. In this study, we examined the impact of immunoglobulin (Ig)-bound macromolecular SCCA on serum SCCA levels measured by 2 different methods.

Methods
Seventy-five serum samples with an SCCA level &gt;5.0 ng/mL as determined by a chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) were also analyzed using a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA). The levels of IgG- and IgA-type anti-SCCA antibodies, which form immunoglobulins and macromolecules, respectively, were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. An absorption test was performed to confirm the presence of anti-SCCA antibodies.

Results
The correlation coefficient between the values measured by CLEIA and CLIA was 0.768. The ratio of SCCA levels measured by CLEIA to those measured by CLIA in 14 samples with IgG-type anti-SCCA antibodies was significantly lower than that in samples without these antibodies (P &lt; .031). Absorption tests showed that SCCA levels measured by CLIA might be falsely high in samples with IgG-type anti-SCCA antibodies, probably due to reactions with SCCA1.

Conclusion
The level of SCCA as measured by CLIA and CLEIA methods correlate well, but the presence of SCCA antibodies can affect the results of the CLIA method.
Nondeterministic and nonconcurrent computational semantics for BB+ and related logics
Authors: Logan Shay Allen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we provide a semantics for a range of positive substructural logics, including both logics with and logics without modal connectives. The semantics is novel insofar as it is meant to explicitly capture the computational flavor of these logics, and to do so in a way that builds in both nondeterministic and nonconcurrent computational processes.
Binary neutron star populations in the Milky Way
Authors: Sgalletta Cecilia , Iorio Giuliano , Mapelli Michela , Artale M Celeste , Boco Lumen , Chattopadhyay Debatri , Lapi Andrea , Possenti Andrea , Rinaldi Stefano , Spera Mario 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Galactic binary neutron stars (BNSs) are a unique laboratory to probe the evolution of BNSs and their progenitors. Here, we use a new version of the population synthesis code sevn to evolve the population of Galactic BNSs, by modelling the spin up and down of pulsars self-consistently. We analyse the merger rate $\mathcal {R}_{\rm MW}$, orbital period Porb, eccentricity e, spin period P, and spin period derivative $\dot{P}$ of the BNS population. Values of the common envelope parameter α = 1−3 and an accurate model of the Milky Way star formation history best reproduce the BNS merger rate in our Galaxy ($\mathcal {R}_{\rm MW}\approx {}30$ Myr−1). We apply radio-selection effects to our simulated BNSs and compare them to the observed population. Using a Dirichlet process Gaussian mixture method, we evaluate the four-dimensional likelihood in the $(P_{\rm orb}, e, P, \dot{P})$ space, by comparing our radio-selected simulated pulsars against Galactic BNSs. Our analysis favours an uniform initial distribution for both the magnetic field (1010−13 G) and the spin period (10−100 ms). The implementation of radio selection effects is critical to match not only the spin period and period derivative, but also the orbital period and eccentricity of Galactic BNSs. According to our fiducial model, the Square Kilometre Array will detect ∼20 new BNSs in the Milky Way.