bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biceps Femoris Fascicle Behavior during Submaximal and Maximal Slow Speed Contractions
Authors: BRUSCO CLARISSA M. , PINTO RONEI S. , BLAZEVICH ANTHONY J. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The present study compared the effects of contraction intensity (submaximal vs maximal) and mode (concentric vs eccentric) on biceps femoris long head (BFlh) fascicle lengthening, rotation, and architectural gear ratio at long and short muscle lengths.

Methods
Data were captured from 18 healthy adults (10 men and 8 women) without history of right hamstring strain injury. BFlh fascicle length (L
f), fascicle angle (FA), and muscle thickness (MT) were assessed in real time using two serially aligned ultrasound devices while submaximal and maximal concentric and eccentric isokinetic knee flexions were performed at 30°·s−1. Ultrasound videos were exported and edited to create a single, synchronized video, and three fascicles were analyzed through the range of motion (10° to 80°). Changes (Δ) in L
f, FA, MT, and muscle gear at long (60° to 80° knee angle; 0° = full knee extension) and short (10° to 30°) muscle lengths and across the full knee flexion range were measured and compared.

Results
Greater ΔL
f was observed at long muscle length (P < 0.001) during both submaximal and maximal eccentric and concentric contractions. When the full length range was analyzed, a slightly greater ΔMT was observed in concentric contractions (P = 0.03). No significant differences between submaximal and maximal contractions were observed for ΔL
f, ΔFA, or ΔMT. No changes were detected in the calculated muscle gear between muscle lengths, intensities, or conditions (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Although gear ratio ranged ~1.0 to 1.1 under most conditions, the increased fascicle lengthening observed at long muscle lengths might influence acute myofiber damage risk but also speculatively play a role in chronic hypertrophic responses to training.
Ventilatory Threshold Related to V̇O2reserve, Heart Rate Reserve, and Rating of Perceived Exertion in a Large Varied Sample
Authors: GASKILL STEVEN E. , SKINNER JAMES S. , QUINDRY JOHN 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
ACSM guidelines state that aerobic exercise intensity should be 30%/40% to 89% V̇O2reserve (V̇O2R) or heart rate reserve (HRR). Determining the proper intensity within this range is the “art” of exercise prescription, often relying on rating of perceived exertion (RPE) as the adjunctive intensity modulator. Current guidelines do not consider the use of ventilatory threshold (VT) due to the need for specialized equipment and methodological issues. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate VT related to V̇O2peak, V̇O2R, HRR, and RPE across the full spectrum of very low to very high V̇O2peak values.

Methods
Eight hundred and sixty-three records of exercise tests were retrospectively examined. Data were stratified for V̇O2peak, activity level, age, test modality, and sex.

Results
When stratified for V̇O2peak, V̇O2 at VT (V̇O2vt) had a lower mean value of ~14 mL·kg−1·min−1 in the lowest fit, rose gradually until median V̇O2peak, and rose steeply thereafter. When graphed relative to V̇O2peak, V̇O2vt as a percentage of V̇O2R (VT%V̇O2R) resembled a U-shaped curve, with a nadir ~43% V̇O2R at V̇O2peak ~40 mL·kg−1·min−1. Average VT%V̇O2R increased to ~75% in groups with the lowest or highest V̇O2peak. There was a large variance in the value of VT at all V̇O2peak levels. Mean RPE at VT was 12.5 ± 0.93, regardless of V̇O2peak.

Conclusions
Given the relationship of VT as the transition from moderate- to higher-intensity exercise, these data may help the understanding of aerobic exercise prescription in persons across the spectrum of V̇O2peak values.
Automated analysis for multiplet identification from ultra-high resolution 2D-1H,13C-HSQC NMR spectra
Authors: Ferrante Laura , Rajpoot Kashif , Jeeves Mark , Ludwig Christian 
Published: May 2023

Background: Metabolism is essential for cell survival and proliferation. A deep understanding of the metabolic network and its regulatory processes is often vital to understand and overcome disease. Stable isotope tracing of metabolism using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) is a powerful tool to derive mechanistic information of metabolic network activity. However, to retrieve meaningful information, automated tools are urgently needed to analyse these complex spectra and eliminate the bias introduced by manual analysis. Here, we present a data-driven algorithm to automatically annotate and analyse NMR signal multiplets in 2D-1H,13C-HSQC NMR spectra arising from 13C -13C scalar couplings. The algorithm minimises the need for user input to guide the analysis of 2D-1H,13C-HSQC NMR spectra by performing automated peak picking and multiplet analysis. This enables non-NMR specialists to use this technology. The algorithm has been integrated into the existing MetaboLab software package. Methods: To evaluate the algorithm performance two criteria are tested: is the peak correctly annotated and secondly how confident is the algorithm with its analysis. For the latter a coefficient of determination is introduced. Three datasets were used for testing. The first was to test reproducibility with three biological replicates, the second tested the robustness of the algorithm for different amounts of scaling of the apparent J-coupling constants and the third focused on different sampling amounts. Results: The algorithm annotated overall >90% of NMR signals correctly with average coefficient of determination ρ of 94.06 ± 5.08%, 95.47 ± 7.20% and 80.47 ± 20.98% respectively. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the proposed algorithm accurately identifies and analyses NMR signal multiplets in ultra-high resolution 2D-1H,13C-HSQC NMR spectra. It is robust to signal splitting enhancement and up to 25% of non-uniform sampling.
MAIN CHARACTERISTICS OF TRAVEL NOTES AS A TEXT TYPE (BASED ON GERMAN TEXTS)
Authors: Tsedrik Lidiia N. 
Published: May 2023

The article presents travel notes in German and their linguistic and stylistic features within the context of a typological analysis based on the approach of the German textological school which studies the diversity of text types.
The purpose of the study is to determine the main features of travel notes as a text type.
Research material: travel notes in German published in the press, as well as posted on Internet portals. As part of the study methods of comparative and descriptive analysis were used, which included classification, interpretation, and generalization. The study also involves elements of etymological, definitional, component and contextual analysis.
Results. The texts of travel notes perform both informative and appellative functions, which make it possible to define travel notes as the transitional type of texts. Despite the relative freedom that the author has in creating texts, travel notes still have a certain structure. The definition of the main characteristics of travel notes as a type of text allows us to conclude that they are a specific phenomenon that combines not only various speech components, but also other types of texts.
Practical implications. The theoretical significance lies in the study and description of travel notes as a text type, analysis of their characteristics and linguistic and stylistic features. The research material can be used for further study of this type of text. The data obtained can be used in theoretical courses and seminars on lexicology and stylistics when teaching the German language.
Ban Targeted Advertising? An Empirical Investigation of the Consequences for App Development
Authors: Kircher Tobias , Foerderer Jens 
Published: May 2023

On many multisided app platforms, the supply-side monetizes their work with targeted advertising. The targeting of ads has raised concerns over user privacy and has led to calls for platform firms and regulators to bar this practice. Important for this debate is to understand the consequences that a ban on targeted advertising would have for app development. To inform, we exploit that Google, in 2019, banned targeted advertising in Android children’s games. This setting represents an ideal real-world laboratory and permits a quasi-experimental research design. Our overall finding is that the ban on targeted advertising caused substantial app abandonment. The ban reduced the release of feature updates, particularly for games of young, undiversified, and advertisement-dependent firms. Only games of exceptionally high quality and demand showed an increase in development. Corroborating this picture, affected games were more likely to be delisted. Developers shifted their efforts toward their unaffected games and released fewer new games on average. Further tests substantiate that targeted advertising represented a crucial form of monetization for affected games and that the ban obliterated ad revenues used for app development. Our findings have several implications. To avoid a loss in app innovation, platform firms should consider implementing measures to reduce the burden on developers, especially by creating alternative monetization opportunities. Consumers and policymakers should be aware that targeted advertising plays a crucial role for app development and can use our estimates for designing policies. Thus, consumers’ demand for privacy can conflict with platform firms’ goal to foster app innovation. This paper was accepted by Hemant Bhargava, information systems. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4726 .
Revista Em Pauta: três décadas de um tracejo científico acadêmico
Authors: Freire Silene De Moraes 
Published: May 2023

O presente artigo busca resgatar aspectos expressivos da história da Faculdade de Serviço Social da Uerj relacionando os mesmos ao surgimento e desenvolvimento da Revista Em Pauta, veículo de divulgação científica dessa unidade acadêmica e do seu programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu, no ano em que o periódico completa três décadas de existência. A trajetória dessa publicação que transitou da fase de Cadernos Em Pauta à atual Revista Em Pauta enfrenta diferentes momentos de aprimoramento que não podem ser compreendidos como um projeto em si, mas sim como parte de um processo de adensamento acadêmico que caracteriza a Faculdade em que a revista foi criada e se desenvolveu nesses trinta anos. Palavras-Chave: Revista Em Pauta; Faculdade de Serviço Social; história.
“A causa de um é a causa de todos”. Greves e sindicatos em Portugal 1870, um olhar da história global
Authors: Varela Raquel 
Published: May 2023

Neste artigo analisamos o período da primeira onda de greves em Portugal relacionando-as com a situação histórica internacional, em particular a crise econômica da grande depressão de 1870, a fundação da Associação Internacional dos Trabalhadores – a Fraternidade Operária – nesse período, a revolução ibérica de 1868. A partir de 1870, Portugal conhece a greve, que, mesmo reprimida, restringida ou proibida de fato até 1974, nunca mais deixará o panorama social contemporâneo. Uma das características fundamentais da produção capitalista, desde então, é a paragem da produção pelos trabalhadores. Que condições se criaram para que uma nova palavra tenha surgido no léxico social, e, pese embora a dureza da repressão que sobre os trabalhadores se abateu, nunca mais tenha deixado a realidade social? Palavras-Chave: greves; Portugal; Fraternidade Operária; Comuna de Paris.
An Examination of Excess Wood Pellet Supply in the United States
Authors: Atasoy Filiz Guneysu , Zhang Daowei , Prestemon Jeffrey P. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The US wood pellet exports—mostly to Europe, Japan, and South Korea—comprised 85 percent of its wood pellet production in the past 20+ years. In this article, we estimate the regional excess supply of wood pellets in the United States using annual data from 1996 to 2021.We use Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) analysis in a profit maximization framework for the South, North, and West regions of the United States. We also include some clean energy policies of the European Union (EU) to examine their potential impact on US wood pellet export volume. Our results show that after application of the low-carbon energy target in the EU, the export volume of the United States has increased, especially in the South region. Elasticity of excess wood pellet supply from the United States was approximately 0.15 in all three regions, and interest rates and energy costs have negative impacts on regional excess supply. Therefore, the recent increase in interest rates and energy costs could slow down the growth of excess supply of wood pellets in the United States.
Fabrication of a monolithic 5  m aluminum reflector for millimeter-wavelength observations of the cosmic microwave background
Authors: Natoli Tyler , Benson Bradford , Carlstrom John , Chauvin Eric , Clavel Bruno , Emerson Nick , Gallardo Patricio , Niemack Mike , Padin Steve , Schwab Klaus , Stenvers Lutz , Zivick Jeff 
Published: May 2023

We have demonstrated the fabrication of a monolithic, 5 m
diameter, aluminum reflector with 17.4 µm root-mean-square
surface error. The reflector was designed to avoid the problem of
pickup due to scattering from panel gaps in a large,
millimeter-wavelength telescope that will be used for measurements of
the cosmic microwave background.
Combined impacts of environmental and socioeconomic covariates on HFMD risk in China: A spatiotemporal heterogeneous perspective
Authors: Li Chun-Hu , Mao Jun-Jie , Wu You-Jia , Zhang Bin , Zhuang Xun , Qin Gang , Liu Hong-Mei 
Published: May 2023

Background
Understanding geospatial impacts of multi-sourced influencing factors on the epidemic of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is of great significance for formulating disease control policies tailored to regional-specific needs, yet the knowledge is very limited. We aim to identify and further quantify the spatiotemporal heterogeneous effects of environmental and socioeconomic factors on HFMD dynamics.

Methods
We collected monthly province-level HFMD incidence and related environmental and socioeconomic data in China during 2009–2018. Hierarchical Bayesian models were constructed to investigate the spatiotemporal relationships between regional HFMD and various covariates: linear and nonlinear effects for environmental covariates, and linear effects for socioeconomic covariates.

Results
The spatiotemporal distribution of HFMD cases was highly heterogeneous, indicated by the Lorenz curves and the corresponding Gini indices. The peak time (R2 = 0.65, P = 0.009), annual amplitude (R2 = 0.94, P<0.001), and semi-annual periodicity contribution (R2 = 0.88, P<0.001) displayed marked latitudinal gradients in Central China region. The most likely cluster areas for HFMD were located in south China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hainan) from April 2013 to October 2017. The Bayesian models achieved the best predictive performance (R2 = 0.87, P<0.001). We found significant nonlinear associations between monthly average temperature, relative humidity, normalized difference vegetation index and HFMD transmission. Besides, population density (RR = 1.261; 95%CI, 1.169–1.353), birth rate (RR = 1.058; 95%CI, 1.025–1.090), real GDP per capita (RR = 1.163; 95%CI, 1.033–1.310) and school vacation (RR = 0.507; 95%CI, 0.459–0.559) were identified to have positive or negative effects on HFMD respectively. Our model could successfully predict months with HFMD outbreaks versus non-outbreaks in provinces of China from Jan 2009 to Dec 2018.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the importance of refined spatial and temporal data, as well as environmental and socioeconomic information, on HFMD transmission dynamics. The spatiotemporal analysis framework may provide insights into adjusting regional interventions to local conditions and temporal variations in broader natural and social sciences.
Factors associated with long-term gastrointestinal symptoms in colorectal cancer survivors in the women’s health initiatives (WHI study)
Authors: Han Claire J. , Reding Kerryn W. , Kalady Matthew F. , Yung Rachel , Greenlee Heather , Paskett Electra D. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors often experience long-term symptoms after cancer treatments. But gastrointestinal (GI) symptom experiences are under-investigated in CRC survivors. We described persistent GI symptoms after cancer treatments in female CRC survivors and assessed GI symptoms’ risk and life-impact factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional study utilized data from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Life and Longevity After Cancer (LILAC) study that recruited postmenopausal women. Correlation analyses and multivariable linear regression models were used.

Results
CRC survivors after cancer treatments were included (N = 413, mean age 71.2 years old, mean time since diagnosis = 8.1 years). 81% of CRC survivors experienced persistent GI symptoms. Bloating/gas was the most prevalent (54.2%± 0.88) and severe GI symptom, followed by constipation (44.1%±1.06), diarrhea (33.4%±0.76), and abdominal/pelvic pain (28.6%±0.62). Significant risk factors for GI symptoms include time since cancer diagnosis (<5 years), advanced cancer stage, high psychological distress, poor dietary habits, and low physical activity. Fatigue and sleep disturbance were the most significant risk factors for long-term GI symptoms (β = 0.21, t = 3.557; β = 0.20, t = 3.336, respectively, Ps < .001). High severity of GI symptoms was positively associated with poor quality of life (QOL), increased daily life interferences (social and physical functions), and low body image satisfaction (Ps < .001).

Conclusions
Women CRC survivors experience a high GI symptom burden, highlighting the need to inform policy and improve the QOL of cancer survivors. Our findings will aid in identifying those more vulnerable to symptoms, and inform future survivorship care interventions (i.e., community-based cancer symptom management) by considering multiple risk factors (e.g., psychological distress).
Incidence and Predictors of Gastric Neoplastic Lesions in Corpus-Restricted Atrophic Gastritis: A Single-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Dilaghi Emanuele , Dottori Ludovica , Pivetta Giulia , Dalla Bella Martina , Esposito Gianluca , Ligato Irene , Pilozzi Emanuela , Annibale Bruno , Lahner Edith 
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Corpus-restricted atrophic gastritis is a chronic inflammatory disorder leading to possible development of type 1 neuroendocrine tumors (T1gNET), intraepithelial neoplasia (IEN), and gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to assess occurrence and predictors of gastric neoplastic lesions in patients with corpus-restricted atrophic gastritis at long-term follow-up.

METHODS:
A prospective single-center cohort of patients with corpus-restricted atrophic gastritis adhering to endoscopic-histological surveillance was considered. Follow-up gastroscopies were scheduled according to the management of epithelial precancerous conditions and lesions of the stomach guidelines. In case of new/worsening of known symptoms, gastroscopy was anticipated. Cox regression analyses and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were obtained.

RESULTS:
Two hundred seventy-five patients with corpus-restricted atrophic gastritis (72.0% female, median age 61 [23–84] years) were included. At a median follow-up of 5 (1–17) years, the annual incidence rate person-year was 0.5%, 0.6%, 2.8%, and 3.9% for GC/high-grade IEN, low-grade IEN, T1gNET, and all gastric neoplastic lesions, respectively. All patients showed at baseline operative link for gastritis assessment (OLGA)-2, except 2 low-grade (LG) IEN patients and 1 T1gNET patient with OLGA-1. Age older than 60 years (hazard ratio [HR] 4.7), intestinal metaplasia without pseudopyloric metaplasia (HR 4.3), and pernicious anemia (HR 4.3) were associated with higher risk for GC/HG-IEN or LG-IEN development and shorter mean survival time for progression (13.4, 13.2, and 11.1, respectively, vs 14.7 years, P = 0.01). Pernicious anemia was an independent risk factor for T1gNET (HR 2.2) and associated with a shorter mean survival time for progression (11.7 vs 13.6 years, P = 0.04) as well as severe corpus atrophy (12.8 vs 13.6 years, P = 0.03).

DISCUSSION:
Patients with corpus-restricted atrophic gastritis are at increased risk for GC and T1gNET despite low-risk OLGA scores, and those aged older than 60 years with corpus intestinal metaplasia or pernicious anemia seem to display a high-risk scenario.
Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Higher Visceral Adipose Tissue Burden May Benefit From Higher Infliximab Concentrations to Achieve Remission
Authors: Yarur Andres J. , Abreu Maria T. , Deepak Parakkal , Beniwal-Patel Poonam , Papamichael Konstantinos , Vaughn Byron , Bruss Alexandra , Sekhri Shaina , Moosreiner Andrea , Gu Phillip , Kennedy William , Dubinsky Marla , Cheifetz Adam , Melmed Gil Y. 
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION:
In patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), high visceral adipose tissue (VAT) burden is associated with a lower response to infliximab, potentially through alterations in volume distribution and/or clearance. Differences in VAT may also explain the heterogeneity in target trough levels of infliximab associated with favorable outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess whether VAT burden may be associated with infliximab cutoffs associated with efficacy in patients with IBD.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study of patients with IBD receiving maintenance infliximab therapy. We measured baseline body composition parameters (Lunar iDXA), disease activity, trough levels of infliximab, and biomarkers. The primary outcome was steroid-free deep remission. The secondary outcome was endoscopic remission within 8 weeks of infliximab level measurement.

RESULTS:
Overall, 142 patients were enrolled. The optimal trough levels of infliximab cutoffs associated with steroid-free deep remission and endoscopic remission were 3.9 mcg/mL (Youden Index [J]: 0.52) for patients in the lowest 2 VAT % quartiles (<1.2%) while optimal infliximab level cutoffs associated with steroid-free deep remission for those patients in the highest 2 VAT % quartiles was 15.3 mcg/mL (J: 0.63). In a multivariable analysis, only VAT % and infliximab level remained independently associated with steroid-free deep remission (odds ratio per % of VAT: 0.3 [95% confidence interval: 0.17–0.64], P < 0.001 and odds ratio per μg/mL: 1.11 [95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.19], P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
The results may suggest that patients with higher visceral adipose tissue burden may benefit from achieving higher infliximab levels to achieve remission.
“It Is Difficult to Be a White Man in America”
Authors: Faucette Brian 
Published: May 2023

The chapter examines the HBO show Watchmen, paying close attention to how it depicts and critiques notions of whiteness and white masculinity in America. It argues that white masculinity can be discussed in relation to the rise of the alt-right, white supremacy, and white nationalism. The essay positions the series in connection with larger conversations in America that emerged as a result of the election of Trump and with that election the more vocal, visual, and emboldened white supremacy and nationalism that now threaten the nation.
“So, You’ve Taken Someone Else’s Nostalgia”
Authors: Hallam Lindsay 
Published: May 2023

This chapter explores the many ways that Watchmen challenges nostalgia, its alternative history acting as a corrective to the nostalgic view of American history as one that is righteous and just, a narrative reinforced by the superhero narratives that are so currently in vogue (and so often present the superhero as almost exclusively white and male). Echoing Watchmen comic co-creator Alan Moore’s statement that the first superhero film was DW Griffith’s Birth of a Nation, the television series, just as the comic did before it, provides an alternative history (and present) that deconstructs the superhero narrative, revealing the trauma that is so often (literally) masked.