bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative subgenomic mRNA profiles of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Delta and Omicron BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5 sub-lineages using Danish COVID-19 genomic surveillance data
Authors: Tang Man-Hung , Ng Kim , Edslev Sofie , Ellegaard Kirsten , Stegger Marc , Alexandersen Soren 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread worldwide in the population since it was first detected in late 2019. The transcription and replication of coronaviruses, although not fully understood, is characterised by the production of genomic length RNA and shorter subgenomic RNAs to make viral proteins and ultimately progeny virions. Observed levels of subgenomic RNAs differ between sub-lineages and open reading frames but their biological significance is presently unclear. Using a large and diverse panel of virus sequencing data produced as part of the Danish COVID-19 routine surveillance together with information in electronic health registries, we assessed the association of subgenomic RNA levels with demographic and clinical variables of the infected individuals. Our findings suggest no causative relationships between levels of subgenomic RNAs and host-related factors. Differences between lineages and subgenomic ORFs may be related to differences in target cell tropism, early virus replication/transcription kinetics or sequence features.
Occurrence of Staphylococcus spp. in the wastewaters from Iran: Diversity, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence potential
Authors: Ranjbar Omid Mahsa , Jamali Houshang , Kafilzadeh Farshid , Borjian Amir , Arzanlou Mohsen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and virulence characteristics of Staphylococci from hospitals, livestock, municipals, and poultry wastewaters were investigated in Ardabil, Iran. From 155 staphylococcal isolates, 44.5% were coagulase-positive Staphylococcus (CoPS) and 55.5% were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) spp. Both CoPS and CoNS species were mainly found in hospital and poultry wastewater samples. The most prominent CoPS and CoNS species were Staphylococcus aureus at 80% and Staphylococcus xylosus at 37%. Methicillin resistance was found in 2% of S. aureus isolates. Overall, 49.2% of CoPS and 47.6% of CoNS isolates exhibited multidrug resistance phenotypes. CoPS isolates were the most resistant to penicillin (89%) and erythromycin (62%) and CoNS isolates exhibited the highest resistance to erythromycin (55%) and tetracycline (49%). Inducible clindamycin resistance was detected in 11% of S. aureus isolates. The ermC and aac genes were detected as the most common macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B and aminoglycoside-resistance encoding genes in 82.5 and 22.5% of S. aureus isolates, respectively. Most of the S. aureus isolates were positive for multiple virulence factors. The methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates belonged to SCCmec type V. A new spa type t19215 was also identified. The occurrence of multidrug-resistant S. aureus with diverse genetic resistance and virulence background in wastewater is of great health concern.
Synthetic Methods of 1H-Pyrazolo[1,2-b]Phthalazine Derivatives
Authors: Khidre Rizk E. , Mostafa Mohamed S. , Mukhrish Yousef E. , Salem Mounir A. , Behalo Mohamed S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
This review deals with the synthetic methods of pyrazolo[1,2-b]phthalazine derivatives using one-pot multi-component reactions via modern and traditional methods. The synthetic methods are subdivided into groups according to the type of reactants e.g (1) one-pot
three-component reaction of 2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione, aldehydes and acetonitriles; (2)
one-pot three-component reaction of 2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione, aldehydes and aroyl
acetonitriles; (3) one-pot three-component reaction of 2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione, aldehydes and acetylacetone or 4-hydroxy-2H-chromen-2-one or acetylene derivatives; (4) one-pot
four-component condensation reaction of phthalimide, hydrazine hydrate, aldehydes and acetonitriles; (5) one-pot four-component reaction of phthalic acid, hydrazine hydrate, indole-3-
carbaldehyde and acetonitriles; and (6) one-pot three-component condensation reaction of 2,3-
dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione, aldehyde, and dimedone derivatives. Moreover, the various methods were reported.
Evaluation of Serum miR-216a, miR-216b, miR-217, miR-92b, miR-375
and miR-148a as Potential Biomarkers for Acute Pancreatitis and the Role
of miR-92b in Attenuating Caerulein-induced Injury and Inflammatory
Responses in AR42J Cells
Authors: Luo Benshen , Wang Chen , Wang Zhengyu , Chen Chuanguo , Peng Xiaozhuang , Xu Qingchun 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Acute pancreatitis can eventually lead to morbidity and mortality. The
present study aimed to identify the differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) that are related
to acute pancreatitis and explore the in vitro functional role of miR-92b in acute pancreatitis.

Methods:
Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in caerulein-
induced acute pancreatitis samples when compared to normal controls. The role of miR-92b in
acute pancreatitis was examined by in vitro functional assays.

Results:
MiRNA-network analysis revealed 12 miRNAs that function as “core regulatory miRNAs”.
Further validation studies revealed that six miRNAs (miR-216a, miR-216b, miR-217, miR-
92b, miR-375 and miR-148a) were differentially expressed in the serum samples from patients
with acute pancreatitis. These six miRNAs have fair diagnostic potential for severe acute pancreatitis.
Caerulein induced cell injury and inflammatory response and repressed miR-92b expression in
AR42J cells. MiR-92b overexpression attenuated caerulein-induced cell injury and inflammatory
responses in AR42J cells. Luciferase reporter assay showed that mitogen-activated protein kinase 4
(MAP2K4) was a direct target of miR-92b. MiR-92b overexpression repressed MAP2K4 expression,
while caerulein up-regulated MAP2K4 expression in AR42J cells. The rescue experiments
showed that enforced expression of MAP2K4 partially reversed the miR-92b-mediated protective
effects on caerulein-induced AR42J cell injury.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, we identified miR-216a, miR-216b, miR217, miR-92b, miR-375 and
miR-148a as new candidate biomarkers for acute pancreatitis. Further in vitro functional studies
revealed that miR-92b attenuated caerulein-induced cell injury and inflammatory responses in
AJ42R cells partially via targeting MAP2K4.
Glioblastoma as a Novel Drug Repositioning Target: Updated State
Authors: Hosseinalizadeh Hamed , Ebrahimi Ammar , Tavakoli Ahmad , Monavari Seyed Hamidreza 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive form of adult brain tumor that can arise from a low-grade
astrocytoma. In recent decades, several new conventional therapies have been developed that have significantly improved
the prognosis of patients with GBM. Nevertheless, most patients have a limited long-term response to these
treatments and survive < 1 year. Therefore, innovative anti-cancer drugs that can be rapidly approved for patient use
are urgently needed. One way to achieve accelerated approval is drug repositioning, extending the use of existing drugs
for new therapeutic purposes, as it takes less time to validate their biological activity as well as their safety in preclinical
models. In this review, a comprehensive analysis of the literature search was performed to list drugs with antiviral,
antiparasitic, and antidepressant properties that may be effective in GBM and their putative anti-tumor mechanisms in
GBM cells.
Biological Potential and Pharmacological Activity of Columbianetin in
Chronic Diseases
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar , Patel Kanika 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Herbal medicine is widely used in different systems of traditional and
complementary medicine. People believe that herbal medicines are safe and more cost-effective
than other synthetic medicines. Herbal medicines are also used as a promising source of new drug
discovery molecules in modern medicines. Coumarins are polyphenols class phytochemical that
naturally occurs in higher plants and are used in medicine for the treatment of human disorders and
associated secondary complications. Columbianetin is a coumarin class phytochemical found in
Angelica archangelica L.

Methods:
The aim of the present work is to review the medicinal importance and pharmacological
activities of columbianetin and to provide a summary of the medicinal importance and pharmacological
activities of columbianetin in medicine. Further scientific progress of columbianetin in the
fields of Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology has been analyzed and discussed
in the present work. However, possible future research on columbianetin has been also discussed
in the present work. Scientific information on columbianetin was collected from PubMed, Elsevier,
Google, Google Scholar, and Europe PMC using herbal medicine, columbianetin and coumarin as
important keywords. Other published books and journal data have also been included in the present
work to know the therapeutic potential of columbianetin in medicine.

Results:
Scientific data analysis of columbianetin signified the biological importance of phytochemicals
belonging to the coumarins. Biological effectiveness of coumarins for their antioxidative,
cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory potential has been discussed in the research fields. Columbianetin
has analgesic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, and anti-allergic activities
in medicine. However, its biological effectiveness on neuroprotection, keratinocyte damage and
platelet aggregation has also been discussed in the present work. Further tissue distribution of columbianetin
in different biological tissue has been estimated through different analytical methods
and scientific data are also presented in the present work.

Conclusion:
The present work summarized the biological importance and pharmacological activities
of columbianetin in medicine. Analytical methods developed for the quantitative and qualitative
estimation of columbianetin have also been reviewed.
Dental Implant Surgery for Patients Receiving Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs); Clinical Considerations and Management: A Mini-review
Authors: Lahham Elias , Abu Ta’a Mahmoud , Hayek Anan , Lahham Cezar 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Dental implants are one of the most prevalent operations in dental clinics, as they are the ideal solution to replace teeth. However, many patients who need this treatment are older and suffering from heart diseases, especially atrial fibrillation, which requires anticoagulants. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are considered modern anticoagulants, and they include four common medications: dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, we review the literature regarding the proper management of patients receiving NOACs in dental implant clinics based on papers published in the last decade (2010-2022). A comprehensive search on the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted to identify articles evaluating the relationship between Non-vitamin K dependent oral anticoagulants and dental implant surgery.

Results:
Despite the limitations of this study, it has been found that dental implants require discontinuation of NOACs for 24 hours or more prior to implant surgery. This depends on the type of anticoagulant and the creatinine clearance (CrCl).

Conclusion:
Implant surgery requires interruption of NOACs ≥24 hours preoperatively. However, there is a need for further clinical studies in order to establish more evidence-based guidelines.
Effect of SARS CoV-2 Infection on Periodontal Tissue: A Systematic Review
Authors: Karyadi Edi , Bouty Aulia Azizah Vidya , Mutalazimah M 
Published: February 2023

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) infection in human respiratory cells. The first spread of this disease first occurred in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the spread of the infection as a global pandemic. People whoWhen the patients are infected experience, mild to moderate clinical symptoms which are characterized bylike an increase in T cell, CD8, and IgM/IgG levels. The occurrence ofWhile severe clinical symptoms reflectshappen, there will be an excessive and uncontrolled increase in the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which has an impacts on the systemic condition systemic and periodontal tissues of affected patients.

Objective

The aim of this studye research is to describe the impact of SARS CoV-2COVID-19 infection on periodontal tissues.

Methods

In this study, we searched the NCBI, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate databases. The keywords used wereare “coronavirus disease” or “COVID-19” or “SARS-CoV-2” with “oral manifestations” and “periodontal,” and we screened the articles using the PRISMA flow diagram.

Results

Patients with COVID-19 present with a variety of systemic symptoms, as well as manifestations in the periodontal tissues, especially in the gingival area.

Conclusion

SARS CoV-2 infection can impact periodontal tissues in the form of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, aphthous stomatitis, gingival hyper pigmentation, edema and erythema, lichen planus, and aphthous-like ulcers.
Short-term Effect of Training in Increasing Midwives’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to HIV and AIDS Prevention
Authors: Shaluhiyah Zahroh , Suryoputro Antono , Septialti Delita 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
The study aims to analyse the effect of the training intervention program on midwives’ HIV-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices in Central Java. The training focused on HIV epidemiology, transmissions, co-infections, PITC, risk contacts, and prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT). It was designed to improve midwives’ knowledge, positive attitudes, and HIV/AIDS prevention practices, including reducing fear and stigma concerning people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).

Material and Methods:
This study employed a Quasi-experimental pre-post-test design. The respondents are 50 village midwives equally divided into experimental and control groups. Data were collected using a questionnaire adapted from WHO, and it included questions about participant demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices on HIV and AIDS prevention programs. Furthermore, training consists of lecturing, group discussion, simulation, conversation with PLWHA, and watching a film about HIV including practicum.

Results:
There was a positive effect on midwife knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the early detection of HIV cases for pregnant women and reproductive age groups and HIV/AIDS prevention programs. The improvement in knowledge, attitudes, and practices occurred significantly in the intervention compared to the control. The adjustment intervention effects were beneficial and statistically significant (p-value <0.05), particularly the magnitude of the treatment effect for the knowledge score, which increased of 7.73% of the baseline mean knowledge. There was a significant association between knowledge and practices with a p-value of 0.002.

Conclusion:
Training midwives in HIV prevention was a beneficial program and positively impacted knowledge, attitudes, and practices. This study recommended the need for comprehensive training for village midwives, especially those related to their tasks in HIV prevention.
Anesthetic Effects of Sevoflurane on the Mouse Somatosensory Cortex: A Flavoprotein Fluorescence Imaging Study
Authors: Senoo Miki , Sugita Takeo , Iwamoto Tuwa , Fukushi Isato , Maeda Hitoshi , Arisaka Hirofumi , Kuwana Shun-ichi 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
Sevoflurane, a volatile inhaled anesthetic, is used clinically for general anesthesia in humans. However, the mechanism of action of sevoflurane is not fully understood. We used transcranial flavoprotein fluorescence imaging to visualize somatic sensory cortex responses to noxious stimuli in mice without and with sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia at different concentrations to investigate sevoflurane effects in mice.

Methods:
A bipolar stimulating electrode was inserted into the left buccal region of the mouse, and changes in flavoprotein fluorescence intensity in the right somatic sensory cortex were recorded before and after electrical stimulation. Measurements were taken while the mouse was awake, at four levels of sevoflurane concentration (0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%; 5 min each), and at 10, 20, and 30 min after the end of sevoflurane inhalation.

Results:
During the awake period, flavoprotein fluorescence intensities in the right sensory cortex decreased after the onset of electrical stimulation, but after 0.9 s, the fluorescence intensity began to increase, reaching a peak value at 2.1 s. This biphasic response significantly decreased at 0.5% sevoflurane and completely disappeared at sevoflurane concentrations above 1.5%, and restored 10 min after cessation of the sevoflurane inhalation. Furthermore, low concentrations of sevoflurane had little effect on the reduction of receptive fields or the conduction of excitation.

Conclusion:
We conclude that low concentrations of sevoflurane have little effect on the reduction of receptive fields or the conduction of excitation, and that sevoflurane concentrations above 1.5% completely abolish the sensory cortex response elicited by noxious stimulation.
Antibacterial efficacies of brown sea weed Sargassum Wightii on Periodontal Pathogens: An In-Vitro Microbiological Analysis
Authors: Nagraj BK  , Koregol AC  , Puladas Hannahson , Sulakod K  , Patil K  , Gore S  
Published: February 2023

Objective: Sargassum wightii is brown algae available across the south east coast of India which can produce many secondary metabolites and are opulent sources of potential plant derived by-products with antiviral, antihelminthic, antifungal and antibacterial activities. The objective of the current study was to assess minimal inhibitory concentration MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration MBC of whole leaf extract of Sargassum wightii on P.Gingivalis (Pg), F.Nucleatum (Fn), T.Forsythia (Tf) and A. Actinomycetemcomitans (Aa). Methods: The method executed out by serial dilutions of the test drug with thioglycollate broth nine times. Cultures of chosen pathogens were added to obtain culture suspension up to 10-9. Their turbidity has monitored to assess MIC after incubating in oxygen independent container. The First 3 or 5 dilutions tubes which were MIC sensitive were removed and incubated one complete day. To determine whether there was bacterio-static or bactericidal effect of the extract on selected organisms, colony numbers were assessed the day after. Results: Outcome for MIC was in the span of 0.2μg/ml to 0.4μg/ml and for MBC from 0.2μg/ml to 3.12μg/ml. Conclusion: Positive pharmacological effect does exists against tested microorganisms of whole leaf extract of Sargassum Wighitti & demands more extensive research for treating multi-factorial periodontal disease.
TARIF BEA MASUK BARANG DIGITAL YANG BERSEDIA DIBAYAR DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KESEDIAAN MEMBAYAR BEA MASUK BARANG DIGITAL
Authors: Maharseto Abi Falah 
Published: February 2023

AbstrakStudi ini bertujuan untuk mengukur tarif bea masuk atas barang digital yang bersedia dibayar berdasarkan pendekatan willingness to pay (WTP) dan menganalisis pengaruh kesadaran membayar bea masuk, pemahaman peraturan kepabeanan, persepsi sistem kepabeanan yang efektif, dan persepsi kualitas layanan kepabeanan terhadap kesediaan membayar bea masuk barang digital. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Untuk mengukur tarif bea masuk atas barang digital yang bersedia dibayar digunakan model dichotomous choice question double bounded sedangkan untuk menganalis pengaruh variabel bebas menggunakan analisis regresi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mean tarif bea masuk barang digital yang bersedia dibayar adalah 6,40%. Kemudian berdasarkan analisis regresi didapatkan hasil bahwa hanya variabel kesadaran membayar bea masuk yang secara signifikan memengaruhi kesediaan membayar bea masuk barang digital. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa responden yakin dalam membayar bea masuk barang digital karena bea masuk merupakan pajak yang ditetapkan oleh undang-undang, bea masuk merupakan bentuk pengabdian kepada negara, bahwa bea masuk digunakan untuk pembangunan negara dan tidak membayar bea masuk dapat merugikan negara.
ANALISIS PERAN INSPEKTORAT DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA SEBAGAI AUDITOR INTERNAL PEMERINTAH DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SALAH SATU TEMUAN PADA UNIT PELAKSANA TEKNIS DAERAH ABC DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA TAHUN 2017
Authors: Cahyono Ari Nugroho 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT This research aimed at analyzing the auditing process carried out by Yogyakarta Special Region Inspectorate in solving a finding in ABC Yogyakarta. It was also to investigate the audit communication and efforts done by the ABC Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) in solving and avoiding the finding to re-occur. Yogyakarta Special Region Inspectorate is a governmental internal auditor assigned to monitor the accountability administration and the activities of Yogyakarta Special Region government to achieve good governance. The ABC UPTD is one of the investigation objects with the Inspectorate’s biggest finding in the Special Region of Yogyakarta on the UPTD level in 2017. This research was qualitative with the case study method. To collect data, interviews and document analyses were used. The results showed that the finding process started from the auditor’s inspection on the janitors not yet registered for the Social Security Administration Body for Employment (BPJS Ketenagakerjaan). The inspection results were confronted with the document review to raise the case into an audit finding. There were then four audit communications with the investigation object, namely findings, affirmation, delivery of the Report of Audit Findings (LHP), and monitoring. The ABC UPTD then examined the finding closely and followed the Inspectorate recommendations. To avoid the re-occurrence of the finding, the ABC UPTD conducted an evaluation and improved its internal monitoring. The research was limited to one finding of the Inspectorate’s LHP, so that it is expected that the results can be interpreted carefully. In addition, the research respondents were also limited. In fact, the research has not yet analyzed any different cases or objects that require different settlements by the Inspectorate.