bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins 1 in salivary glandular tissue: an important histological marker for diagnosis of primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Zheng Qing , Liu Lingyu , Wang Bin , He Yan , Zhang Mengqin , Shi Guixiu 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesThe pathological diagnostic criteria for primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SjS) have certain limitations. We first explored the key pathogenic pathways of SjS through a bioinformatics approach, and then evaluated the diagnostic value of the important biomarker in SjS.MethodsTranscriptome data from non-SjS controls and patients with SjS were analysed using integrated bioinformatics methods. In a case–control study, phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins 1 (p-STAT1), a key biomarker for the activation of interferon (IFN) pathway, was selected to evaluate its diagnostic value by immunohistochemical analyses in salivary gland (SG) tissues.ResultsThe IFN-related pathways were aberrantly activated in patients with SjS. Positive staining of p-STAT1 was detected in the SjS group, but not in non-SjS control group. There was a significant difference in the integrated optical density values of p-STAT1 expressions between the controls and the SjS groups, as well as between the controls and the SjS lymphatic foci-negative groups (p<0.05). The area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic curve for p-STAT1 was 0.990 (95% CI 0.969 to 1.000). There was a significant difference in both accuracy and sensitivity of p-STAT1 compared with the Focus Score (p<0.05). The Jorden index for p-STAT1 was 0.968 (95% CI 0.586 to 0.999).ConclusionsThe IFN pathway is the key pathogenic pathway in SjS. p-STAT1 may serve as an important biomarker, in addition to lymphocytic infiltration, to diagnose SjS. Particularly in SG samples with negative lymphatic foci, p-STAT1 confers pathological diagnostic value.
Prevalence and risk factors of osteonecrosis of the femoral head in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis: a multicentre cohort study
Authors: Mimura Norihiro , Iwamoto Taro , Furuta Shunsuke , Ikeda Kei , Kobayashi Yoshihisa , Nakamura Takayuki , Saku Aiko , Kagami Shin-Ichiro , Matsuki Ayako , Takahashi Kentaro , Umibe Takeshi , Nakagomi Daiki , Sanayama Yoshie , Sugimoto Toyohiko , Fukuta Masashi , Hiraguri Masaki , Kawashima Hirotoshi , Hirose Koichi , Takatori Hiroaki , Suehiro Kenichi , Takahashi Shigekazu , Tamachi Tomohiro , Kato Manami , Takizawa Fumiyoshi , Kawarai Yuya , Hagiwara Shigeo , Nakamura Junichi , Ohtori Seiji , Nakajima Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveWe aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) in a multicentre cohort of patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV).MethodsOne hundred and eighty-six AAV patients who underwent radiographs and MRI screening of bilateral hip joints at more than 6 months after initial remission induction therapy (RIT) were retrospectively assessed for the presence of ONFH.ResultsAmong 186 AAV patients, 33 (18%) were diagnosed with ONFH. Among the patients with ONFH, 55% were asymptomatic and 64% had bilateral ONFH. Seventy-six per cent of ONFH joints were in precollapse stages (stage ≤2), whereas 24% of ONFH joints were in collapse stages (stage ≥3). Moreover, 56% of the precollapse stage joints were already at risk of future collapse (type ≥C-1). Even in asymptomatic ONFH patients, 39% of the precollapse stage joints were type ≥C-1. Prednisolone dose of ≥20 mg/day on day 90 of RIT was an independent risk factor for ONFH in AAV patients (OR 1.072, 95% CI 1.017 to 1.130, p=0.009). Rituximab use was a significant beneficial factor against ONFH (p=0.019), but the multivariate analysis rejected its significance (p=0.257).ConclusionEighteen per cent of AAV patients developed ONFH, and two-thirds of the ONFH joints were already in collapse stages or at risk of future collapse. Prednisolone dose of ≥20 mg/day on day 90 of RIT was an independent risk factor for ONFH. A rapid reduction of glucocorticoids in RIT and early detection of precollapse ONFH by MRI may decrease and intervene ONFH development in AAV patients.
Association of palliative care and hospital outcomes among solid tumour oncology inpatients
Authors: Im James HB , Chow Ronald , Novosel Madison , Xiang Jenny , Strait Michael , Rao Vinay , Kapo Jennifer , Zimmermann Camilla , Prsic Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesWe aimed to explore the association between receiving an inpatient palliative care consultation and hospital outcomes, including in-hospital death, intensive care unit (ICU) use, discharge to hospice, 30-day readmissions and 30-day emergency department (ED) visits.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of Yale New Haven Hospital medical oncology admissions from January 2018 through December 2021, with and without inpatient palliative care consultations. Hospital outcome data were extracted from medical records and operationalised as binary. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate ORs for the association between number of inpatient palliative care consultations and hospital outcomes.ResultsOur sample included 19 422 patients. Age, Rothman Index, site of malignancy, length of stay, discharge to hospice, ICU admissions, hospital death and readmissions within 30 days differed significantly between patients who received versus did not receive a palliative care consultation. On multivariable analysis, receiving one additional palliative care consultation was significantly associated with higher odds of hospital death (adjusted OR=1.15, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.17) and discharge to hospice (adjusted OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.20 to 1.26), and lower odds of ICU admission (adjusted OR=0.94, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.97). There was no significant association between palliative care consultations and readmission within 30 days or with ED visits within 30 days.ConclusionInpatients receiving palliative care had increased likelihood of hospital death. However, when controlling for significant differences in patient presentation, patients had nearly 25% greater odds of discharge to hospice and less odds to transition to ICU level of care.
Planetary population synthesis and the emergence of four classes of planetary system architectures
Authors: Emsenhuber Alexandre , Mordasini Christoph , Burn Remo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPlanetary population synthesis is a helpful tool to understand the physics of planetary system formation. It builds on a global model, meaning that the model has to include a multitude of physical processes. The outcome can be statistically compared with exoplanet observations. Here, we review the population synthesis method and then use one population computed using the Generation III Bern model to explore how different planetary system architectures emerge and which conditions lead to their formation. The emerging systems can be classified into four main architectures: Class I of near in situ compositionally ordered terrestrial and ice planets, Class II of migrated sub-Neptunes, Class III of mixed low-mass and giant planets, broadly similar to the Solar System, and Class IV of dynamically active giants without inner low-mass planets. These four classes exhibit distinct typical formation pathways and are characterised by certain mass scales. We find that Class I forms from the local accretion of planetesimals followed by a giant impact phase, and the final planet masses correspond to what is expected from such a scenario, the ‘Goldreich mass’. Class II, the migrated sub-Neptune systems form when planets reach the ‘equality mass’ where accretion and migration timescales are comparable before the dispersal of the gas disc, but not large enough to allow for rapid gas accretion. Giant planets form when the ‘equality mass’ allows for gas accretion to proceed while the planet is migrating, i.e. when the critical core mass is reached. The main discriminant of the four classes is the initial mass of solids in the disc, with contributions from the lifetime and mass of the gas disc. The distinction between mixed Class III systems and Class IV dynamically active giants is in part due to the stochastic nature of dynamical interactions, such as scatterings between giant planets, rather than the initial conditions only. The breakdown of system into classes allows to better interpret the outcome of a complex model and understand which physical processes are dominant. Comparison with observations reveals differences to the actual population, pointing at limitation of theoretical understanding. For example, the overrepresentation of synthetic super-Earths and sub-Neptunes in Class I systems causes these planets to be found at lower metallicities than in observations.
Towards LDPC Read Performance of 3D Flash Memories with Layer-induced Error Characteristics
Authors: Du Yajuan , Huang Siyi , Zhou Yao , Li Qiao 
Published: February 2023

3D flash memories have been widely developed to further increase the storage capacity of SSDs by vertically stacking multiple layers. However, this special physical structure brings new error characteristics. Existing studies have discovered that there exist significant Raw Bit Error Rate (RBER) variations among different layers and RBER similarity inside the same layer due to the manufacturing process. These error characteristics would introduce a new data reliability issue. Currently, Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code has been widely used to ensure the data reliability of flash memories. It can provide stronger error correction capability for high RBERs by trading with longer read latency. Traditional LDPC codes designed for planar flash memories do not consider the layer RBER characteristics of 3D flash memories, which may induce sub-optimal read performance.
This article first investigates the effect of RBER characteristics of 3D flash memories on read performance and then obtains two observations. On one hand, we observe that LDPC read latencies are largely diverse in different flash layers and increase in diverse speeds along with data retention. This phenomenon is caused by the inter-layer RBER variation. On the other hand, we also compare RBERs between different pages of the same flash layer and observe that read latencies with LDPC codes are quite similar, which is caused by the intra-layer RBER similarity. Then, by exploiting these two observation results, this article proposes a Multi-Granularity LDPC (MG-LDPC) read method to adapt read latency increase characteristics across 3D flash layers. In detail, we design five LDPC decoding engines with varied read level increase granularity (higher level induces higher latency) and assign these engines to each layer dynamically according to prior information, or in a fixed way. A series of experimental results demonstrate that the fixed and dynamic MG-LDPC methods can reduce SSD read response time by 21% and 51% on average, respectively.
(R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate Inhibits KDM5 Histone Lysine Demethylases to Drive Transformation inIDH-Mutant Cancers
Authors: Gunn Kathryn , Myllykoski Matti , Cao John Z. , Ahmed Manna , Huang Bofu , Rouaisnel Betty , Diplas Bill H. , Levitt Michael M. , Looper Ryan , Doench John G. , Ligon Keith L. , Kornblum Harley I. , McBrayer Samuel K. , Yan Hai , Duy Cihangir , Godley Lucy A. , Koivunen Peppi , Losman Julie-Aurore 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOncogenic mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and IDH2 occur in a wide range of cancers, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and glioma. Mutant IDH enzymes convert 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) to (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate [(R)-2HG], an oncometabolite that is hypothesized to promote cellular transformation by dysregulating 2OG-dependent enzymes. The only (R)-2HG target that has been convincingly shown to contribute to transformation by mutant IDH is the myeloid tumor suppressor TET2. However, there is ample evidence to suggest that (R)-2HG has other functionally relevant targets in IDH-mutant cancers. Here, we show that (R)-2HG inhibits KDM5 histone lysine demethylases and that this inhibition contributes to cellular transformation in IDH-mutant AML and IDH-mutant glioma. These studies provide the first evidence of a functional link between dysregulation of histone lysine methylation and transformation in IDH-mutant cancers.Significance:Mutant IDH is known to induce histone hypermethylation. However, it is not known if this hypermethylation is functionally significant or is a bystander effect of (R)-2HG accumulation in IDH-mutant cells. Here, we provide evidence that KDM5 inhibition by (R)-2HG contributes to mutant IDH–mediated transformation in AML and glioma.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1275
Experimental investigations of 3.75 kW laboratory scale pico Kaplan hydraulic turbine
Authors: Lal Shiv , Meena Shanti Lal 
Published: February 2023

Experimental investigations of 3.75 kW Pico Kaplan turbines have been carried out in this communication. The turbine is utilized for the experimental purpose for the students and it is procured under TEQIP-III project of World Bank. The load test of the turbine has been done which run at 50% capacity and presented the main and operating characteristic curves. It is observed that the efficiency of the turbine will improve at low speed, high brake power and high discharge. The discharge is also depending on the available head and the quantity of water. So, the turbine efficiency is also improved with respect to increasing the discharge. At the increasing the specific speed the discharge will also be increased linearly. The Pico Kaplan turbine can be used for runways water likes in Canals, rivers and no dam is required. The basic design is very simple and it is very common because it has vast applications for small, pico and micro power generation. It can be used in lot of regions like Himachal, Uttarakhand, Jammu &amp; Kashmir, Eastern State (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, and Manipur), Punjab, Karnataka, Kerala, West Bengal, Maharashtra and Rajasthan states of India. This study will be useful for the researcher in the area of small hydro power plants.
Prognostic Impact of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction According to Different Patterns by Invasive Physiologic Indexes in Symptomatic Patients With Intermediate Coronary Stenosis
Authors: Hong David , Shin Doosup , Lee Seung Hun , Joh Hyun Sung , Choi Ki Hong , Kim Hyun Kuk , Ha Sang Jin , Park Taek Kyu , Yang Jeong Hoon , Song Young Bin , Hahn Joo-Yong , Choi Seung-Hyuk , Gwon Hyeon-Cheol , Lee Joo Myung 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Coronary microvascular dysfunction is a clinically significant component of ischemic heart disease. There can be heterogenous patterns of coronary microvascular dysfunction defined by invasive physiologic indexes such as coronary flow reserve (CFR) and index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR). We sought to compare the prognosis of coronary microvascular dysfunction according to different patterns of CFR and IMR.

Methods:
The current study included 375 consecutive patients undergoing invasive physiologic assessment for suspected stable ischemic heart disease and intermediate but functionally nonsignificant epicardial stenosis (fractional flow reserve, >0.80). According to cutoff values of invasive physiologic indexes reflecting microcirculatory function (CFR, <2.5; IMR, ≥25), patients were classified into 4 groups: (1) preserved CFR and low IMR (group 1), (2) preserved CFR and elevated IMR (group 2), (3) depressed CFR and low IMR (group 3), and (4) depressed CFR and elevated IMR (group 4). Primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular death or admission for heart failure during the follow-up time.

Results:

Cumulative incidence of the primary outcome was significantly different among the 4 groups (group 1, 20.1%; group 2, 18.8%; group 3, 33.9%; and group 4, 45.0%; overall
P
<0.001). Depressed CFR had significantly higher risk of primary outcome than preserved CFR in both low (hazard ratio [HR], 1.894 [95% CI, 1.112–3.225];
P
=0.019) and elevated IMR subgroups (HR, 3.307 [95% CI, 1.519–7.202];
P
=0.003). Conversely, the risk of primary outcome was not significantly different between elevated and low IMR in preserved CFR subgroups (HR, 0.926 [95% CI, 0.428–2.005];
P
=0.846). Furthermore, as continuous variables, IMR-adjusted CFR (adjusted HR, 0.644 [95% CI, 0.537–0.772];
P
<0.001) was significantly associated with the risk of primary outcome but CFR-adjusted IMR (adjusted HR, 1.004 [95% CI, 0.992–1.016];
P
=0.515) was not.

Conclusions:
Among patients with suspected stable ischemic heart disease who were found to have an intermediate but functionally nonsignificant epicardial stenosis, depressed CFR was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death and admission for heart failure. However, elevated IMR alone with preserved CFR showed limited prognostic value in this population.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT05058833.
Social Determinants, Blood Pressure Control, and Racial Inequities in Childbearing Age Women With Hypertension, 2001 to 2018
Authors: Meyerovitz Claire V. , Juraschek Stephen P. , Ayturk Didem , Moore Simas Tiffany A. , Person Sharina D. , Lemon Stephenie C. , McManus David D. , Kovell Lara C. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Hypertension is an important modifiable risk factor of serious maternal morbidity and mortality. Social determinants of health (SDoH) influence hypertension outcomes and may contribute to racial and ethnic differences in hypertension control. Our objective was to assess SDoH and blood pressure (BP) control by race and ethnicity in US women of childbearing age with hypertension.

Methods and Results

We studied women (aged 20–50 years) with hypertension (systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg or use of antihypertensive medication) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2001 to 2018. SDoH and BP control (systolic BP <140 mm Hg and diastolic BP <90 mm Hg) were examined by race and ethnicity (White race, Black race, Hispanic ethnicity, and Asian race). Using multivariable logistic regression, odds of uncontrolled BP by race and ethnicity were modeled, adjusting for SDoH, health factors, and modifiable health behaviors. Responses on hunger and affording food determined food insecurity status. Across women of childbearing age with hypertension (N=1293), 59.2% were White race, 23.4% were Black race, 15.8% were Hispanic ethnicity, and 1.7% were Asian race. More Hispanic and Black women experienced food insecurity than White women (32% and 25% versus 13%; both
P
<0.001). After SDoH, health factor, and modifiable health behavior adjustment, Black women maintained higher odds of uncontrolled BP than White women (odds ratio, 2.31 [95% CI, 1.08–4.92]), whereas Asian and Hispanic women showed no difference.

Conclusions
We identified racial inequities in uncontrolled BP and food insecurity among women of childbearing age with hypertension. Further exploration beyond the SDoH measured is needed to understand the inequity in hypertension control in Black women.
Reperfusion Treatments in Disabling Versus Nondisabling Mild Stroke due to Anterior Circulation Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Schwarz Ghil , Cascio Rizzo Angelo , Matusevicius Marius , Giussani Giuditta , Invernizzi Paolo , Melis Fabio , Lesko Norbert , Toni Danilo , Agostoni Elio Clemente , Ahmed Niaz 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The benefit of distinguishing between disabling versus nondisabling deficit in mild acute ischemic stroke due to endovascular thrombectomy-targetable vessel occlusion (EVT-tVO; including anterior circulation large and medium-vessel occlusion) is unknown. We compared safety and efficacy of acute reperfusion treatments in disabling versus nondisabling mild EVT-tVO.

Methods:
From the Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke-International Stroke Thrombolysis Register, we included consecutive acute ischemic stroke patients (2015–2021) treated within 4.5 hours, with full NIHSS items availability and score ≤5, evidence of intracranial internal carotid artery, M1, A1-2, or M2-3 occlusion. After propensity score matching, we compared efficacy (3-month modified Rankin Scale score of 0–1, modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2, and early neurological improvement) and safety (nonhemorrhagic early neurological deterioration, any intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and death at 3-month) outcomes in disabling versus nondisabling patients—adopting an available definition.

Results:

We included 1459 patients. Propensity score matched analysis of disabling versus nondisabling EVT-tVO (n=336 per group) found no significant differences in efficacy (modified Rankin Scale score 0–1: 67.4% versus 71.5%,
P
=0.336; modified Rankin Scale score 0–2: 77.1% versus 77.6%,
P
=0.895; early neurological improvement: 38.3% versus 44.4%,
P
=0.132) and safety (nonhemorrhagic early neurological deterioration: 8.5% versus 8.0%,
P
=0.830; any intracerebral hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage: 12.5% versus 13.3%,
P
=0.792; symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage: 2.6% versus 3.4%,
P
=0.598; and 3-month death: 9.8% versus 9.2%,
P
=0.844) outcomes.

Conclusions:
We found similar safety and efficacy outcomes after acute reperfusion treatment in disabling versus nondisabling mild EVT-tVO; our findings suggest to adopt similar acute treatment approaches in the 2 groups. Randomized data are needed to clarify the best reperfusion treatment in mild EVT-tVO.
Biophilic Institutions: Building New Solidarities between the Economy & Nature
Authors: Iskander Natasha , Lowe Nichola 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Climate change and economic insecurity are the two most pressing challenges for modern humanity, and they are intimately linked: climate warming intensifies existing structural inequities, just as economic disparities worsen climate-induced suffering. Yet precisely because this economy-nature interrelationship is institutionalized, there exists an opening for alternative institutional configurations to take root. In this essay, we make the case for that institutional remaking to be biophilic, meaning it supports rather than undermines life and livelihood. This is not speculative thinking: biophilic institutions already exist in the here and now. Their existence provides an opportunity to learn how to remake institutions founded on solidarities of shared aliveness and a shared alliance with life that advance the premise that nature and the economy are not just intertwined but indistinguishable.
Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae): leafminers of monkeyflowers, speedwells, and other herbaceous plants, with new observations on the ecology and habitats of other leaf-mining Chironomidae
Authors: EISEMAN CHARLES S. , NAMAYANDEH ARMIN , LINDEN JOHN VAN DER , PALMER MICHAEL W. 
Published: February 2023

In this study, we describe Metriocnemus erythranthei sp. nov. and Limnophyes viribus sp. nov., leafminers of herbaceous wetland plants. The M. erythranthei larva is a true miner entering fresh leaves and excavating the tunnels, and the L. viribus larva inhabits vacated mines of M. erythranthei. M. erythranthei is widespread in North America, with collections from the Pacific coast to Pennsylvania, and L. viribus has been collected from Iowa and Oregon. We also describe the larva of a possible new species associated with these plants, which we refer to as Metriocnemus sp. “Oregon”. A key to the known larval stages of North American Metriocnemus is also provided.
Along with providing a detailed account of the mining ecology of these new species, we discuss additional observations of mostly Orthocladiinae midges associated with aquatic and terrestrial plants. These include documenting the rearing of Metriocnemus eurynotus (Holmgren, 1883) from larvae feeding on Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) cotyledons, initially as leafminers and later externally. Larvae of M. eurynotus also were found feeding within mines of M. erythranthei on Veronica (Plantaginaceae) and were collected along with M. erythranthei larvae on leaves of Petasites (Asteraceae).