bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of landscape attributes and climate variables on catchment hydrology
Authors: Bati Hirpo Gudeta , Agumassie Tena Alamirew , Tegaye Tenalem Ayenew , Belete Mulugeta Dadi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCatchments characteristics, such as geomorphology, geology, soil, land use, and climatic variables, play an important role in total stream flow responses, a critical resource for people and the environment. Most of the previous literatures were applied a conventional statistical regression model to assess the relationship between landscape-climate descriptors, and streamflow and PET. However, a conventional statistical regression model didn’t consider dependence of explanatory variables that were collected or extracted across both space and time. This paper investigated the impacts of landscape attributes and climate variables on catchment scale temporal variation of total streamflow and spatio-temporal variation of potential evapotranspiration (PET) in the Mille catchment using multiple linear regression techniques, and the importance of this study was to test spatial autocorrelation in the spatial regression model which is required to properly assess and quantify the relationship between hydrological regime response components and Landscape-climate descriptors in a catchment with topographically complex, and high spatio-temporal climatic variation like in our case study area, the Mille catchment. Statistical regression analysis revealed significant relationships between streamflow and climate variables, especially with rainfall. Mean maximum temperature is the most dominant factor controlling temporal variation of potential evapotranspiration at a monthly scale, whereas NDVI is the most significant factor that controls the spatial variability of PET. The multiple regression model shows that 91.1% of temporal variation in streamflow was accounted for rainfall, whereas, 96.6% and 78.4% of temporal and spatial variation in potential evapotranspiration was accounted for in maximum temperature and NDVI, respectively. Methods also can be applied to catchments with similar landscape attributes and climate variables.
Moral, self-interested, and social motivation each predict compliance with social distancing rules: utilitarianism is an indirect positive predictor
Authors: Cohen Daniel B. , Saling Lauren L. , Lee Eunro , Zagura Anabella 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Social distancing rules have proven to be essential in reducing the spread of COVID-19. However, we can optimise these rules if we identify factors which predict compliance. Thus, in this study we investigated whether compliance with distancing rules is predicted by whether an individual is motivated by moral, self-interested, or social reasons. We also investigated the impact of an individual’s utilitarian orientation both on compliance itself and on reasons for compliance.

Methods
Our sample consisted of 301 participants recruited from four US states – California, Oregon, Mississippi, and Alabama – who completed an anonymous online survey. Six vignettes describing hypothetical social distancing rules were developed for the study. Participants indicated (i) how likely they were to violate each hypothetical distancing rule, (ii) how morally wrong violating each rule would be, (iii) how much risk of contracting COVID-19 they would tolerate in order to violate each rule, and (iv) how much social condemnation they would tolerate in order to violate each rule. Based on these responses, we gauged each participant’s overall degree of compliance with social distancing rules as well as the extent to which each participant’s compliance is motivated by moral, self-interested, and social reasons. We also measured other variables that could affect compliance including personality, level of religiosity, and inclination to engage in utilitarian reasoning. Multiple regression and exploratory structural equation modelling were used to determine predictors of compliance with social distancing rules.

Results
We found that moral, self-interested, and social motivation each positively predicted compliance, with self-interested motivation being the strongest predictor. Furthermore, utilitarian orientation indirectly predicted compliance, with moral, self-interested, and social motivation as positive mediating factors. No controlled covariates (personality factors, religiosity, political orientation, or other background variables) predicted compliance.

Conclusion
These findings have implications not only for the design of social distancing rules but also for efforts to ensure vaccine uptake. Governments need to consider how to harness moral, self-interested, and social motivation to promote compliance, perhaps by co-opting utilitarian reasoning, which positively influences these motivational forces.
Effects of classroom and school climate on language minority students’ PISA mathematics self-concept and achievement scores
Authors: Ramazan Onur , Danielson Robert William , Rougee Annick , Ardasheva Yuliya , Austin Bruce W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGrounded in ecological theory, this study investigated relative contributions of perceived classroom and school climate variables to mathematics self-concept and achievement of English-at-home and English learner (EL) students using PISA 2012 data for American middle-grade students. For both outcomes, results of 3-step hierarchical linear regression models for the combined sample closely mirror those of English-at-home students and mask the unique characteristic of ELs. For self-concept, six (classroom management, cognitive activation, disciplinary climate, teacher support, sense of belonging, and teacher student relations) out of seven predictors were statistically significant and positive predictors for English-at-home students (teacher supportbeing the strongest); only two predictors (disciplinary climate,andteacher student relations) were significant and positive for ELs. Similarly, group discrepancies were found for mathematics achievement. Five variables (classroom management, teacher support, disciplinary climate, sense of belonging to school, and teacher student relations),were significant predictors of English-at-home students. Yet, only three variables (classroom management, disciplinary climate,andteacher support) significantly predicted achievement of ELs. Classroom climate was consistently an important predictor across outcomes and student populations and was the strongest contributor for ELs. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Spleen regeneration after subcutaneous heterotopic autotransplantation in a mouse model
Authors: Elchaninov Andrey , Vishnyakova Polina , Lokhonina Anastasiya , Kiseleva Viktoria , Menyailo Egor , Antonova Maria , Mamedov Aiaz , Arutyunyan Irina , Bolshakova Galina , Goldshtein Dmitry , Bao Xuhui , Fatkhudinov Timur , Sukhikh Gennady 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Splenectomy may lead to severe postoperative complications, including sepsis and cancers. A possible solution to this problem is heterotopic autotransplantation of the spleen. Splenic autografts rapidly restore the regular splenic microanatomy in model animals. However, the functional competence of such regenerated autografts in terms of lympho- and hematopoietic capacity remains uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to monitor the dynamics of B and T lymphocyte populations, the monocyte-macrophage system, and megakaryocytopoiesis in murine splenic autografts.

Methods
The model of subcutaneous splenic engraftment was implemented in C57Bl male mice. Cell sources of functional recovery were studied using heterotopic transplantations from B10-GFP donors to C57Bl recipients. The cellular composition dynamics were studied by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. Expression of regulatory genes at mRNA and protein levels was assessed by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively.

Results
Characteristic splenic architecture is restored within 30 days post-transplantation, consistent with other studies. The monocyte-macrophage system, megakaryocytes, and B lymphocytes show the highest rates, whereas the functional recovery of T cells takes longer. Cross-strain splenic engraftments using B10-GFP donors indicate the recipient-derived cell sources of the recovery. Transplantations of scaffolds populated with splenic stromal cells or without them afforded no restoration of the characteristic splenic architecture.

Conclusions
Allogeneic subcutaneous transplantation of splenic fragments in a mouse model leads to their structural recovery within 30 days, with full reconstitution of the monocyte-macrophage, megakaryocyte and B lymphocyte populations. The circulating hematopoietic cells provide the likely source for the cell composition recovery.
Exploiting a targeted resistome sequencing approach in assessing antimicrobial resistance in retail foods
Authors: Shay Julie A. , Haniford Laura S. E. , Cooper Ashley , Carrillo Catherine D. , Blais Burton W. , Lau Calvin Ho-Fung 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
With the escalating risk of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), there are limited analytical options available that can comprehensively assess the burden of AMR carried by clinical/environmental samples. Food can be a potential source of AMR bacteria for humans, but its significance in driving the clinical spread of AMR remains unclear, largely due to the lack of holistic-yet-sensitive tools for surveillance and evaluation. Metagenomics is a culture-independent approach well suited for uncovering genetic determinants of defined microbial traits, such as AMR, present within unknown bacterial communities. Despite its popularity, the conventional approach of non-selectively sequencing a sample’s metagenome (namely, shotgun-metagenomics) has several technical drawbacks that lead to uncertainty about its effectiveness for AMR assessment; for instance, the low discovery rate of resistance-associated genes due to their naturally small genomic footprint within the vast metagenome. Here, we describe the development of a targeted resistome sequencing method and demonstrate its application in the characterization of the AMR gene profile of bacteria associated with several retail foods.

Result
A targeted-metagenomic sequencing workflow using a customized bait-capture system targeting over 4,000 referenced AMR genes and 263 plasmid replicon sequences was validated against both mock and sample-derived bacterial community preparations. Compared to shotgun-metagenomics, the targeted method consistently provided for improved recovery of resistance gene targets with a much-improved target detection efficiency (> 300-fold). Targeted resistome analyses conducted on 36 retail-acquired food samples (fresh sprouts, n = 10; ground meat, n = 26) and their corresponding bacterial enrichment cultures (n = 36) reveals in-depth features regarding the identity and diversity of AMR genes, most of which were otherwise undetected by the whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing method. Furthermore, our findings suggest that foodborne Gammaproteobacteria could be the major reservoir of food-associated AMR genetic determinants, and that the resistome structure of the selected high-risk food commodities are, to a large extent, dictated by microbiome composition.

Conclusions
For metagenomic sequencing-based surveillance of AMR, the target-capture method presented herein represents a more sensitive and efficient approach to evaluate the resistome profile of complex food or environmental samples. This study also further implicates retail foods as carriers of diverse resistance-conferring genes indicating a potential impact on the dissemination of AMR.
Anxiety, sleep habits and executive function during the COVID-19 pandemic through parents’ perception: a longitudinal study
Authors: Navarro-Soria Ignasi , Costa-López Borja , Collado-Valero Joshua A. , de Mier Rocío Juárez-Ruiz , Lavigne-Cervan Rocío 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present study therefore aims to examine trait and state anxiety, sleep habits and executive functioning during 1 year and a half of the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents through the lens of parents. Assessments were conducted at three different times: April 2020 (T1), October 2020 (T2) and October 2021 (T3). The main sample included 953 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years, and scales were used to assess anxiety (STAIC), sleep habits (BEARS) and executive functioning (BRIEF-2). The results showed that 6 months after the outbreak of the pandemic, state and trait anxiety, sleep disturbances and executive dysfunctions increased significantly. One and a half year later, trait anxiety and sleep disturbances have been maintained, while state anxiety and executive dysfunction have decreased their scores obtaining scores similar to those of April 2020. In conclusion, there has been a further decrease in children and adolescents’ mental health since the beginning of the pandemic, and it seems to remain at the present time, such as trait anxiety as a part of the personality.
The early clinical and laboratory predictors of GBS outcome: hospital-based study, Assiut University, Upper Egypt
Authors: Khedr Eman M. , Mohamed Mohamed Zayed , Shehab Mohamed Mostafa M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study was designed to identify factors that influence outcomes in a large group of well-defined Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) patients with a 3-month follow-up period. Sixty-two cases of GBS with a mean age of 37.15 ± 17.60 years (33 males and 29 females) were recruited in the first 2 weeks after onset. Clinical history, examination, and a variety of rating scales including Medial Research Council sum score (MRC), Erasmus Guillain-Barré respiratory insufficiency score (EGRIS), at admission and 10 days later were performed. Follow-up investigations at 3 months included the Hughes Disability Scale (HDS), and Overall Neuropathy Limitation Scale (ONLS).Results64.5% of participants had cranial nerve deficits, 45% had neck muscle weakness, 30.6% had dysautonomia, and 8.1% were mechanically ventilated. C-reactive protein was elevated in 38.7%, and hyponatremia was recorded in 30.6% of patients. Older age, antecedent events particularly diarrhea, neck muscles weakness, low MRC sum score, impaired cough reflex, dysautonomia, and hyponatremia, were all significantly associated with poor outcomes at 3 months using HDS and ONLS. Regression analysis with dependent variables of HDS outcome showed that the presence of an antecedent event particularly diarrhea, neck muscle weakness, hyponatremia and the presence cytoalbuminous dissociation of CSF at onset, and low MRC sum score at 10th day after treatment, were predictors of poor outcome.ConclusionClinical and laboratory predictors of poor outcome were older age, the presence of an antecedent event particularly diarrhea, low MRC sum score at the 10th day, elevated CRP, hyponatremia and the presence cytoalbuminous dissociation.
Defect detection of gear parts in virtual manufacturing
Authors: Xu Zhenxing , Wang Aizeng , Hou Fei , Zhao Gang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGears play an important role in virtual manufacturing systems for digital twins; however, the image of gear tooth defects is difficult to acquire owing to its non-convex shape. In this study, a deep learning network is proposed to detect gear defects based on their point cloud representation. This approach mainly consists of three steps: (1) Various types of gear defects are classified into four cases (fracture, pitting, glue, and wear); A 3D gear dataset was constructed with 10000 instances following the aforementioned classification. (2) Gear-PCNet+ + introduces a novel Combinational Convolution Block, proposed based on the gear dataset for gear defect detection to effectively extract the local gear information and identify its complex topology; (3) Compared with other methods, experiments show that this method can achieve better recognition results for gear defects with higher efficiency and practicability.
Role of interventional radiology in upper abdominal cancer pain management
Authors: Ahmed Khaled A. , Mahmoud Amr , Mohammed Khalid A. , Ibrahim Bassem R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The major indication for celiac plexus block is abdominal pain that is nonresponsive to analgesic interventions; often these patients are nonresponsive to high-dose opioid therapies. One of the most common indications for the celiac plexus block is the treatment of abdominal pain associated with pancreatic cancer.

Aim of the work
The differences between two techniques (ultrasound and fluoroscopy guided) are highlighted in terms of effectiveness by means of a Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a percentage reduction in daily morphine consumption and any complications are recorded and evaluated at the time of implementation of each technique from start to finish.

Results
Through the data that have been recorded and statistically analyzed, we found that the mean values of VAS were decreased in the two groups, and there was statistically significant difference between ultrasound and fluoroscopy groups.

Conclusions
It is noticeable and good in conducting this research that there are no major complications that include a large space on the study sample, despite the presence of some minor with no significant differences between ultrasound and fluoroscopy groups. This effective celiac block, regardless of the technique used, produced immediate analgesics that permitted significant opioid decrease in the study sample with a significant improvement in the unwanted adverse effects on account of opioids.
Higher-order topological insulator in a spring-mass system
Authors: Zhang Chao , Mei Jun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) have attracted much attention in various fields in the recent years. In this work, we propose a two-dimensional (2D) square lattice spring-mass model, where restoring forces between nearest neighbors can be induced by either longitudinal or transverse vibrations. Edge states exist on the interface between topological nontrivial and trivial lattices, and two different types of corner states are identified. The proposed spring-mass model has plenty of degrees of freedoms (DOFs), including both longitudinal and transverse spring constants as well as the mass of each particle. It turns out that edge and corner states with flexible spatial distributions can be realized by slightly tuning the elastic and inertial parameters. A lot of interesting topological patterns such as edge states along 4, 2, or only 1 edge, and second-order corner states around 4, 2, or 1 corner are unambiguously demonstrated. Our work provides an easy-to-tune platform to realize HOTIs, which is useful when multipole bulk polarizations or negative couplings are absent or difficult to realize. Classical spring-mass models governed by Newton's laws also have the advantage of superior controllability and feasible experimental implementability.
Delay in Surgery and Papillary Thyroid Cancer Survival in the United States: A SEER-Medicare Analysis
Authors: Chaves Natalia , Broekhuis Jordan M , Fligor Scott C , Collins Reagan A , Modest Anna M , Kaul Sumedh , James Benjamin C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Delays in surgery and their impact on survival in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is unclear. We sought to investigate the association between time to surgery and survival in patients with PTC.

Methods
A total of 8170 Medicare beneficiaries with PTC who underwent thyroidectomy were identified within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare linked data files between 1999 and 2018. Disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meir analysis, and Cox proportional hazards models were specified to estimate the association between time to surgery and survival.

Results
Among 8170 patients with PTC, mean age 69.3 (SD+/− 11.4), 89.8% had surgery within the first 90 days, 7.8% had surgery 91 to 180 days from diagnosis, and 2.4% had surgery after 180 days. Increasing time to surgery was associated with increased mortality for OS in the &gt;180-day group [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.24; 95% CI, 1.01-1.53]. Moreover, on stratification by summary stage, those with localized disease in the 91- to 180-day group increased risk by 25% (aHR 1.25; 95%CI, 1.05-1.51), and delaying over 180 days increased risk by 61% (aHR 1.61; 95%CI, 1.19-2.18) in OS. Those with localized disease in the &gt;180-day group had almost 4 times the estimated rate of DSS mortality (aHR3.51; 95%CI, 1.68-7.32). When stratified by T stage, those with T2 disease in the &gt;180 days group had double the estimated rate of all-cause mortality (aHR 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1-3.3) and almost triple the estimated rate of disease-specific mortality (aHR 2.7; 95% CI, 1.05-6.8).

Conclusions
Delays in surgery for PTC may impact OS and DSS in localized disease, prior to nodal metastasis.
Disparities in the Glycemic and Incretin Responses to Intraduodenal Glucose Infusion Between Healthy Young Men and Women
Authors: Xie Cong , Huang Weikun , Sun Yixuan , Xiang Chunjie , Trahair Laurence , Jones Karen L , Horowitz Michael , Rayner Christopher K , Wu Tongzhi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Context
Premenopausal women are at a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to men, but the underlying mechanism(s) remain elusive. The secretion of the incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), from the small intestine is a major determinant of glucose homeostasis and may be influenced by sex.

Objectives
This study compared blood glucose and plasma insulin and incretin responses to intraduodenal glucose infusions in healthy young males and females.

Design
In Study 1, 9 women and 20 men received an intraduodenal glucose infusion at 2 kcal/min for 60 minutes. In Study 2, 10 women and 26 men received an intraduodenal glucose at 3 kcal/min for 60 minutes. Venous blood was sampled every 15 minutes for measurements of blood glucose and plasma insulin, GLP-1 and GIP.

Results
In response to intraduodenal glucose at 2 kcal/min, the incremental area under the curve between t = 0-60 minutes (iAUC0-60min) for blood glucose and plasma GIP did not differ between the 2 groups. However, iAUC0-60min for plasma GLP-1 (P = 0.016) and insulin (P = 0.011) were ∼2-fold higher in women than men. In response to intraduodenal glucose at 3 kcal/min, iAUC0-60min for blood glucose, plasma GIP, and insulin did not differ between women and men, but GLP-1 iAUC0-60min was 2.5-fold higher in women (P = 0.012).

Conclusion
Healthy young women exhibit comparable GIP but a markedly greater GLP-1 response to intraduodenal glucose than men. This disparity warrants further investigations to delineate the underlying mechanisms and may be of relevance to the reduced risk of diabetes in premenopausal women when compared to men.