bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors related to retention in a longitudinal study of infants at familial risk for autism
Authors: Ozonoff Sally , Hill Monique M. , Hill Alesha , Ashley Kevin , Young Gregory S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundReporting retention data is critical to determining the soundness of a study's conclusions (internal validity) and broader generalizability (external validity). Although selective attrition can lead to overestimates of effects, biased conclusions, or overly expansive generalizations, retention rates are not reported in many longitudinal studies.MethodsWe examined multiple child‐ and family‐level factors potentially associated with retention in a longitudinal study of younger siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; n = 304) or typical development (n = 163). The sample was followed from the first year of life to 36 months of age, for up to 7 visits.ResultsOf the 467 infant siblings who were consented and participated in at least one research visit, 397 (85.0%) were retained to study completion at 36 months. Retention rates did not differ by familial risk group (ASD‐risk vs. Low‐risk), sex, race, ethnicity, age at enrollment, number of children in the family, maternal employment, marital status, or parent concerns about the child at enrollment. A stepwise regression model identified 4 variables that, together, provided the most parsimonious predictive model of study retention: maternal education, maternal age at child's birth, travel distance to the study site, and diagnostic outcome classification at the final study visit.ConclusionsThe retained and not‐retained groups did not differ on most demographic and clinical variables, suggesting few threats to internal and external validity. The significantly higher rate of retention of children diagnosed with ASD (95%) than typically developing children (83%) may, however, present biases when studying recurrence risk. We conclude by describing engagement and tracking methods that can be used to maximize retention in longitudinal studies of children at risk of ASD.
Author identity taxonomy: Capturing diversity for the books supply chain
Authors: Wright Leigh 
Published: January 2023

Key Points
A metadata standard or taxonomy for tracking author identity is highly desired by stakeholders in the book industry.
Achieving an authoritative standard for author self‐identification comes with numerous practical, legal, and ethical challenges for the scholarly publishing industry.
Until this happens, publishers can engage with librarians and booksellers, with marketing campaigns of their own, or by providing materials to support marketing campaigns within libraries and bookstores, to spotlight authors of diverse backgrounds.
A wideband antenna based on self‐packaged suspended coplanar waveguide technology
Authors: Xiao Jian‐Kang , Liu Xian‐Qing , Guo Jia‐Xing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, a wideband antenna is implemented by using a multilayer self‐packaged suspended coplanar waveguide (SCPW). The lower air cavity of the SCPW is not only used for antenna suspending but also as an antenna reflector, while the reflector structure can be expanded by copper coating on the periphery of the multidielectric substrates, which improves the antenna radiation and antenna gain effectively, while the antenna profile is not increased. An extra patch is introduced for generating more resonances, which extends the antenna bandwidth importantly. The proposed antenna is designed to work at 5.42 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 26.2% (4.71–6.13 GHz), and a maximum gain of 8.4 dBi. The SCPW antenna has been fabricated and measured, and the design has been demonstrated with the advantages of self‐packaging, wideband, favorable gain, and even low profile as well as miniature circuit size.
Passive acoustic mapping with absolute time‐of‐flight information and delay‐multiply‐sum beamforming
Authors: Lu Shukuan , Su Ruibo , Wan Chunye , Guo Shifang , Wan Mingxi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPassive acoustic mapping (PAM) is showing increasing application potential in monitoring ultrasound therapy by spatially resolving cavitation activity. PAM with the relative time‐of‐flight information leads to poor axial resolution when implemented with ultrasound diagnostic transducers. Through utilizing the absolute time‐of‐flight information preserved by the transmit‐receive synchronization and applying the common delay‐sum (DS) beamforming algorithm, PAM axial resolution can be greatly improved in the short‐pulse excitation scenario, as with active ultrasound imaging. However, PAM with the absolute time‐of‐flight information (referred as AtPAM) suffers from low imaging resolution and weak interference suppression when the DS algorithm is applied.PurposeThis study aims to propose an enhanced AtPAM algorithm based on delay‐multiply‐sum (DMS) beamforming, to address the shortcomings of the DS‐based AtPAM algorithm.MethodsIn DMS beamforming, the element signals delayed by the absolute time delays are first processed with a signed square‐root operation and then multiplied in pairs and finally summed, the resulting beamformed output is further band‐pass filtered. The performances of DS‐ and DMS‐based AtPAMs are compared by experiments, in which an ultrasound diagnostic transducer (a linear array) is employed to passively sense the wire signals generated by an unfocused ultrasound transducer and the cavitation signals generated by a focused therapeutic ultrasound transducer in a flow phantom. The AtPAM image quality is assessed by main‐lobe width (MLW), intensity valley value (IVV), area of pixels (AOP), signal‐to‐interference ratio (SIR), and signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR).ResultsThe single‐wire experimental results show that compared to the DS algorithm, the DMS algorithm leads to an enhanced AtPAM image with a decreased transverse MLW of 0.15 mm and an improved SIR and SNR of 31.50 and 18.77 dB. For the four‐wire images, the transverse (axial) IVV is decreased by 18.37 dB (13.11 dB) and the SIR (the SNR) is increased by 26.13 dB (18.47 dB) when using the DMS algorithm. The cavitation activity is better highlighted by DMS‐based AtPAM, which decreases the AOP by 0.81 mm2 (–10‐dB level) and 4.43 mm2 (–20‐dB level) and increases the SIR and SNR by 20.14 and 10.48 dB respectively. The pixel distributions of AtPAM images of both wires and cavitation activity also indicate a better suppression of the DMS algorithm in sidelobe and noise.ConclusionsThe experimental results illustrate that the DMS algorithm can improve the image quality of AtPAM compared to the DS algorithm. DMS‐based AtPAM is beneficial for detecting cavitation activity during short‐pulse ultrasound exposure with high resolution, and further for monitoring short‐pulse ultrasound therapy.
3D‐EPI blip‐up/down acquisition (BUDA) with CAIPI and joint Hankel structured low‐rank reconstruction for rapid distortion‐free high‐resolution T2* mapping
Authors: Chen Zhifeng , Liao Congyu , Cao Xiaozhi , Poser Benedikt A. , Xu Zhongbiao , Lo Wei‐Ching , Wen Manyi , Cho Jaejin , Tian Qiyuan , Wang Yaohui , Feng Yanqiu , Xia Ling , Chen Wufan , Liu Feng , Bilgic Berkin 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThis work aims to develop a novel distortion‐free 3D‐EPI acquisition and image reconstruction technique for fast and robust, high‐resolution, whole‐brain imaging as well as quantitative mapping.Methods3D Blip‐up and ‐down acquisition (3D‐BUDA) sequence is designed for both single‐ and multi‐echo 3D gradient recalled echo (GRE)‐EPI imaging using multiple shots with blip‐up and ‐down readouts to encode B0 field map information. Complementary k‐space coverage is achieved using controlled aliasing in parallel imaging (CAIPI) sampling across the shots. For image reconstruction, an iterative hard‐thresholding algorithm is employed to minimize the cost function that combines field map information informed parallel imaging with the structured low‐rank constraint for multi‐shot 3D‐BUDA data. Extending 3D‐BUDA to multi‐echo imaging permits mapping. For this, we propose constructing a joint Hankel matrix along both echo and shot dimensions to improve the reconstruction.ResultsExperimental results on in vivo multi‐echo data demonstrate that, by performing joint reconstruction along with both echo and shot dimensions, reconstruction accuracy is improved compared to standard 3D‐BUDA reconstruction. CAIPI sampling is further shown to enhance image quality. For mapping, parameter values from 3D‐Joint‐CAIPI‐BUDA and reference multi‐echo GRE are within limits of agreement as quantified by Bland–Altman analysis.ConclusionsThe proposed technique enables rapid 3D distortion‐free high‐resolution imaging and mapping. Specifically, 3D‐BUDA enables 1‐mm isotropic whole‐brain imaging in 22 s at 3T and 9 s on a 7T scanner. The combination of multi‐echo 3D‐BUDA with CAIPI acquisition and joint reconstruction enables distortion‐free whole‐brain mapping in 47 s at 1.1 × 1.1 × 1.0 mm3 resolution.
Diffusion sampling schemes: A generalized methodology with nongeometric criteria
Authors: Rodríguez‐Galván Justino R. , París Guillem , Tristán‐Vega Antonio , Alberola‐López Carlos 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to show that geometrical criteria for designing multishell ‐space sampling procedures do not necessarily translate into reconstruction matrices with high figures of merit commonly used in the compressed sensing theory. In addition, we show that a well‐known method for visiting k‐space in radial three‐dimensional acquisitions, namely, the Spiral Phyllotaxis, is a competitive initialization for the optimization of our nonconvex objective function.Theory and MethodsWe propose the gradient design method WISH (WeIghting SHells) which uses an objective function that accounts for weighted distances between gradients within M‐tuples of consecutive shells, with ranging between 1 and the maximum number of shells . All the ‐tuples share the same weight . The objective function is optimized for a sample of these weights, using Spiral Phyllotaxis as initialization. State‐of‐the‐art General Electrostatic Energy Minimization (GEEM) and Spherical Codes (SC) were used for comparison. For the three methods, reconstruction matrices of the attenuation signal using MAP‐MRI were tested using figures of merit borrowed from the Compressed Sensing theory (namely, Restricted Isometry Property —RIP— and Coherence); we also tested the gradient design using a geometric criterion based on Voronoi cells.ResultsFor RIP and Coherence, WISH got better results in at least one combination of weights, whilst the criterion based on Voronoi cells showed an unrelated pattern.ConclusionThe versatility provided by WISH is supported by better results. Optimization in the weight parameter space is likely to provide additional improvements. For a practical design with an intermediate number of gradients, our results recommend to carry out the methodology here used to determine the appropriate gradient table.
A multiaxial inertial macroelement for bridge abutments
Authors: Gorini Davide Noè , Callisto Luigi , Whittle Andrew J. , Sessa Salvatore 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a multiaxial macroelement for bridge abutments that can be included in the global structural model of a bridge to carry out nonlinear dynamic analyses with very much smaller computational effort than can be achieved using continuum representations of embankment and foundation soil behaviour. The proposed macroelement derives a constitutive force–displacement relationship within a rigorous thermodynamic framework and includes important features of non‐linearity and directional coupling in characterizing the interactions of the abutment with the soil. In a dynamic analysis, the frequency‐dependent response of the system is simulated through the combination of the macroelement with appropriate participating masses. The calibration procedure of the macroelement is based on the assessment of its ultimate capacity and of its response at small displacements, and it is shown that these ingredients can be derived through standardised procedures. In the paper, the macroelement response is validated against the results of fully coupled continuum numerical analyses for a reference soil–abutment system, under both static and seismic loading conditions. We show that the two models achieve similar predictions of maximum and permanent abutment deformations (less than 10–14% difference, respectively) for a suite of three‐axis seismic loading events.
Case study of a special burial resulting from obstetric death at the Sanbulijia site, Shandong Province, China
Authors: Guo Lin , Qi Gaohua , Feng Xiaotian , Peng Yu , Mao Xiaowei , Yang Zhangqiaochu , Zeng Wen , Zhao Yongsheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany young women were believed to die due to pregnancy and childbirth in the past, yet few cases of pregnant female burials have been reported in bioarcheological literature. Therefore, this paper reports the burial of an adult female (H49‐1) and her infant (H49‐2), who were buried together in an early Western Zhou pit at the Sanbulijia site, Jiaodong Peninsula, Shandong Province, China. It is the first reported case of obstetric death in thePre‐Qin Period in Shandong Province. The mother–child relationship was proved by ancient DNA evidence and archeological context. The infant's remains were placed between the adult's lower legs. Skeletal histological evidence suggests that the infant died during or shortly after childbirth. Sacroiliac fusion of individual H49‐1 may have resulted in dystocia. Furthermore, a special postmortem burial ritual—pit burial, was carried out for both the infant and the mother. H49 is the first Zhou Dynasty pit burial (multiple burial) with an exact radiocarbon date in the Shandong Peninsula. The case under review suggests that both the adult and the infant may have died due to special events, which may be related to obstetric death.
Fire impact on mechanically failed graphite/epoxy composites
Authors: Boushab Dounia , Ouidadi Hasnaa , Mote Aniket , Priddy Matthew , Kundu Santanu , Pittman Charles U. , Grunlan Jaime , Wang Qingsheng , Lacy Thomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAircraft crashes often initiate or accompany fire incidents. Post‐crash fires, in particular, can mask or destroy critical fractographic failure features necessary for accident reconstruction. As a first step in developing a coherent strategy for composite aircraft post‐crash forensic analysis, a series of vertical flame tests were performed on mechanically failed Cytec T40‐800/Cycom® 5215 graphite/epoxy unnotched compression, short beam strength, and in‐plane shear specimens. Visual inspection and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine the specimens fracture surfaces before and after fire testing. The fire‐induced damage included matrix decomposition, melt dripping, char, soot, delamination, and residual thickness increases. The composite thermal degradation was significantly influenced by the specimen stacking sequence, the fracture surface morphology, and the total available free surface area. In addition, microscopic inspection showed that char layers impeded heat conduction and oxygen transfer to the interior of the specimens resulting in less thermal damage to the underlying plies. Moreover, burned specimens with more available free surface area sustained more thermal degradation and fire combustion damage for a given fire exposure duration. Exposed fiber bundles from the fracture surfaces were susceptible to severe thinning and thermal oxidation, which destroyed critical fractographic failure features necessary for accident reconstruction.
Thermal properties of lauric acid/high‐density polyethylene form‐stabilized phase change materials doped with hybrid carbon nanofillers
Authors: Zhang Huan , Fu Tingwei , Wang Wenze , Fang Guiyin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe form‐stabilized phase change materials (PCMs) comprised of lauric acid (LA), high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and graphene nanoplates‐carbon nanofibers (GNP‐CNF) hybrid fillers were synthesized by melt blending method in this work, and the effects of GNP‐CNF mass ratio on thermal properties were investigated. The results from FT‐IR and XRD reveal that LA, HDPE, GNP and CNF were integrated with each other in a physical manner. The LA/HDPE/GNP‐CNF composites possess melting points very close to that of pure LA, with melting latent heats of 113.83–119.84 J/g. Thermal conductivity results indicate that the effect of GNP is better than that of CNF at the same content. The synergistic effect of hybrid carbon fillers can achieve higher thermal conductivity value compared to a single GNP or CNF. The synergistic thermal conductivity improvement mechanism is also analyzed. The sample SN2 (GNP: CNF is 1.7:0.3) exhibits the best thermal conductivity of 0.759 W/(m·K), with 2.73 times that of SN0. It also presents satisfactory thermal stability and reliability, allowing it to have promising applications in thermal energy storage.
Low‐temperature 3D printing and curing process of continuous fiber‐reinforced thermosetting polymer composites
Authors: Xiao Hong , He Qian , Duan Yugang , Wang Jie , Qi Yao , Ming Yueke , Zhang Chenping , Zhu Yansong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe reported work has developed a methodology of printing and curing continuous fiber‐reinforced thermosetting polymer composites (CFRTPCs) with excellent mechanical properties at low temperatures. First, to print and cure CFRTPCs at low temperatures, a thermosetting polymer system was proposed, consisting of phenol based epoxy resin and curing agent (F‐44/2E4MZ). The rheological properties of the polymer system were analyzed to determine a reasonable printing temperature. Second, the non‐linear Vyazovkin integral method was applied to establish the model‐free kinetics (MFK) of the resin system. MFK can predict the curing degree curves at the characteristic temperatures obtained by extrapolation. Reasonable curing process parameters were determined by analyzing the predicted curing degree curves. Then, CFRTPC samples were prepared with the low‐temperature 3D printing process and the low‐temperature curing process, and the fiber content was found to be 53 wt.%. At last, the mechanical property measurements revealed that the tensile and flexural strengths were 1012 MPa and 929 MPa, respectively. This work can further expand the potential applications of 3D printed CFRTPCs in aerospace and defense industries which require high mechanical properties and temperature safety simultaneously.
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of romosozumab (evenity) for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials (CDM‐J)
Authors: Huang Wenbo , Nagao Masashi , Yonemoto Naohiro , Guo Sen , Tanigawa Takeshi , Nishizaki Yuji 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPurposeOsteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is a common fragile fracture resulting from osteoporosis. We compared the efficacy and safety of romosozumab and commonly used osteoporosis drug treatments for the treatment of OVCF in postmenopausal women.MethodsThrough searching and screening five databases, we included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published through June 18, 2021 comparing different treatments. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews statement, the main objective was to evaluate the mean difference and risk ratio of the treatment effect. The primary measures of romosozumab efficacy used in this study were vertebral, non‐vertebral, and clinical fracture events, and secondary outcomes were bone mineral density (BMD) changes at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck and the incidence of adverse events (AEs),ResultsNine RCTs including 12 796 participants were included in the analysis, and romosozumab was compared with placebo, alendronate, and teriparatide in the treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The incidence of fractures, low BMD, and AEs was analyzed. Compared with the controls, three doses of romosozumab were linked to evident advantages in the treatment of low BMD and fractures but associated with increased hypersensitivity and injection site reaction risks. Furthermore, fewer AEs were observed in the romosozumab arms (210 mg: risk ratio = 0.96, 95% confidence interval = 0.93–0.99; 140 mg: risk ratio = 0.28, 95% confidence interval = 0.08–0.98) than in the alendronate and placebo arms.ConclusionsOur meta‐analysis revealed the evident advantages of romosozumab in the treatment of osteoporosis and low BMD in postmenopausal women and increased risks of hypersensitivity and injection site reactions.
Computational study of the alcoholysis for organophosphorus pesticides: The reaction of phoxim with methanol
Authors: Chen Rong , Luo Xiaoling , Liang Guoming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe alcoholysis process for one of organophosphorus pesticides, phoxim, was systematically examined by using the M06‐2X/6–311++G(d,p) and MP2/6–311++G(d,p)//M06‐2X/6–311++G(d,p) levels. Two possible alcoholysis mechanisms, P–OR1, P–OEt rupture channels together with the concerted and stepwise steps, were theoretically evaluated. The catalytic role of an extra methanol was also simulated. Furthermore, the influence of solvent on water was also taken into consideration for the M06‐2X/6–311++G(d,p) level of theory. Our predicted results show convincingly that the P–OEt disintegration pathway is slightly more favorable than the P–OR removal channel. The stepwise pathway is calculated to be more prominent than the concerted one for all reactions. It can be observed that the methanol‐assisted alcoholysis is more easier to take place than the direct alcoholysis. Solvent effect does not have remarkable effect on the reaction mechanism.
Improving methods for evaluating potassium availability in vineyard soils
Authors: Fiola Jaclyn C. , Stewart Ryan D. , Evanylo Greg K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVineyard soils often contain mineralogy that can confound predictions of plant‐available potassium (K). Too little or too much K uptake into wine‐grape (Vitis varieties) tissues can negatively affect fruit chemistry, making it important to have soil tests that accurately quantify plant‐available K. Our goal was to determine the best soil sampling, processing, and extraction methods for predicting K availability in vineyard soils. We sampled soil and grapevine tissue in 39 vineyard blocks from 22 vineyards in Virginia, Maryland, and New Jersey. Plant tissue sampling included petioles at bloom and both petioles and leaf blades at veraison. Soil samples were collected from 0 to 10‐ and 0 to 38‐cm depths. We tested three soil extraction methods—Mehlich 1, Mehlich 3, and sodium tetraphenylboron (NaTPB)—on both oven‐dried and field‐moist samples. The different sampling, processing, and extracting procedures produced distinct K concentrations, with shallow 0–10 cm samples and NaTPB extraction resulting in higher K concentrations than their counterparts. Upon drying, three soils fixed K and 24 samples released K. Whole leaf (petiole plus leaf blade) samples collected at veraison had the best relationships with most soil K concentrations. The best soil testing method for predicting tissue K concentration in whole leaves at veraison was Mehlich 1 extractions of field‐moist soils from 0 to 38‐cm depth. This sampling combination appears to be best suited for growers to use when assessing K concentrations in vineyard soils.