bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetically predisposed and resilient animal models of depression reveal divergent responses to early-life adversity
Authors: Whitney Ashleigh J , Lindeque Zander , Kruger Ruan , Steyn Stephan F 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjective:Early-life adversity (ELA) is one of the strongest predictors of childhood depression that may be exacerbated by a genetic predisposition to develop depression. We therefore investigated the bio-behavioural effects of an early-life stressor in an accepted rodent model of depression.Methods:The Flinders sensitive line (FSL) and resistant line (FRL) rats were subjected to an early-life stressor, whereafter their bio-behavioural response during pubertal onset was evaluated. Male and female pups were maternally separated for 3 h per day from postnatal day 02 (PND02) to 17, when they were also weaned. Control animals were left undisturbed, until weaning on PND21. Depressive-like behaviour was analysed on PND21 and reassessed on PND36. Hippocampal monoamine levels, markers of oxidative stress and metabolic markers implicating mitochondrial function were also measured.Results:On PND21, the non-maternal separation and early weaning (non-MSEW) FSL rats spent 10% more time mobile than their FRL controls in the tail suspension test (TST) yet displayed increased depressive-like behaviour in the forced swim test (FST) on PND36. This depressive-like behaviour coincided with increased hippocampal norepinephrine levels, serotonin turnover and a dysfunctional redox state. Maternal separation and early weaning (MSEW) appeared to initially reduce early-life (PND21) depressive-like behaviour in the TST but then induced depressive-like behaviour on PND36 and increased norepinephrine levels more profoundly in the FRL rats.Conclusion:These findings highlight the need to further investigate the stress response pathway in these animals and that the absence or presence of genetic susceptibility may influence the presentation of ELA effects.
Trading Liberties: Estimating COVID-19 Policy Preferences from Conjoint Data
Authors: Hartmann Felix , Humphreys Macartan , Geissler Ferdinand , Klüver Heike , Giesecke Johannes 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSurvey experiments are an important tool to measure policy preferences. Researchers often rely on the random assignment of policy attribute levels to estimate different types of average marginal effects. Yet, researchers are often interested in how respondents trade-off different policy dimensions. We use a conjoint experiment administered to more than 10,000 respondents in Germany, to study preferences over personal freedoms and public welfare during the COVID-19 crisis. Using a pre-registered structural model, we estimate policy ideal points and indifference curves to assess the conditions under which citizens are willing to sacrifice freedoms in the interest of public well-being. We document broad willingness to accept restrictions on rights alongside sharp heterogeneity with respect to vaccination status. The majority of citizens are vaccinated and strongly support limitations on freedoms in response to extreme conditions—especially, when they vaccinated themselves are exempted from these limitations. The unvaccinated minority prefers no restrictions on freedoms regardless of the severity of the pandemic. These policy packages also matter for reported trust in government, in opposite ways for vaccinated and unvaccinated citizens.
The Impact of Political Knowledge on the Voting Decision
Authors: Héroux-Legault Maxime 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe article addresses ongoing debates in the study of political knowledge and voting behavior. The article identifies significant divergences in previous work which may explain why such debates persist, including in the measurement of political knowledge and the inclusion of confounding variables. The article remedies these issues in an observational study examining how political knowledge affects the impact of spatial considerations and cognitive shortcuts on the vote. The article also contributes the first randomized experiment on this research question in the literature. Using the framework of conjoint analysis, the experiment evaluates how political knowledge affects the impact of spatial considerations and cognitive shortcuts on the vote. The article hypothesizes that political knowledge will increase the impact of spatial considerations on the vote but will not modify the impact of cognitive shortcuts. This expectation is supported in both the observational and experimental results.
Discontinued Positive Feedback Trading and the Decline of Return Predictability
Authors: Ben-David Itzhak , Li Jiacui , Rossi Andrea , Song Yang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe show that demand effects generated by institutional frictions can influence systematic return predictability patterns in stocks and mutual funds. Identification relies on a reform to the Morningstar rating system, which we show caused a structural break in style-level positive feedback trading by mutual funds. As a result, momentum-related factors in stocks, as well as performance persistence and the “dumb money effect” in mutual funds, experienced a sharp decline. Consistent with the proposed channel, return predictability declined right after the reform, was limited to the U.S. market, and was concentrated in factors and mutual funds most exposed to the mechanism.
Numismatic Insights into Pauline Ethics: ΕΥΕΡΓ- on Roman Provincial, Parthian and Seleucid Coinage
Authors: Theophilos Michael P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNumismatic inscriptional evidence consistently employs the ΕΥΕΡΓ- word group in describing a superior providing some material public benefit to an inferior, typically an entire city, nation or kingdom. This is evidenced in the present study's comprehensive survey of several hundred numismatic types, extant in many thousands of specimens from the second century bce to the first century ce. Within this context, 1 Timothy 6.2 is discussed, wherein it is noted that the apparent identification of a slave's labour as ɛὐɛργɛσία not only heightens the significance and value of that service but is a deliberate inversion of expected social and linguistic norms.
What Does It Mean to Read New Testament Texts ‘within Judaism’?
Authors: Runesson Anders 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor centuries, Christians have understood some of the texts included in the New Testament as ‘Jewish,’ in the sense of them being written by (converted) Jews for other Jews. From a historical perspective, a new development in the academy suggests that such approaches do not do justice to the nature of these texts. Indeed, even more recent attempts at understanding the New Testament against the background of Judaism are also found wanting. Instead, placing these texts within the broader context of the diverse ways of embodying Jewish ancestral customs in the pre-rabbinic Second Temple period, this interpretive trajectory, involving scholars from a wide array of backgrounds, insists that Paul, Matthew, Mark, Luke, John, Revelation etc., should be understood as expressions of Judaism. This article highlights key issues involved in such re-readings of New Testament texts, including ways in which they may or may not relate to normative-theological positions among Christians and Jews today. First, the study looks at how the question is asked in our contemporary setting. Then, moving down historical layers, issues related to history and categorisation are addressed before we, finally, return to the present to consider possible implications of our findings.
‘Why don't you sing, Thomas?’ The manuscript tradition omitting the Hymn of the Bride in Acta Thomae
Authors: Lesage Gárriga Luisa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe so-called Hymn of the Bride is found in Chapters 6–7 in the first Act of the apocryphal Acts of Thomas. The manuscripts containing it show a particular history of the text which does not always coincide with that of the rest of the Act. For instance, family gamma (Γ) often presents a summarized version of the first two Acts, thus heavily shortening the Hymn.A study of the text is essential to establish a new edition with translation, which is the aim of the project in which this study is embedded. However, analysis of the manuscripts omitting or summarizing the Hymn is also relevant for other goals, such as a proper understanding of the interrelationships between the different manuscripts and of the interest in the text, and its use by early Christian communities and by later readers.Consequently, in this paper, I will analyse the particularities of such a textual tradition and offer a few conclusions that will, in turn, contribute to the broader analysis of the Acts of Thomas.
Überlegungen zur Rezeptionsgeschichte des Neuen Testaments im Gespräch mit Régis Burnet
Authors: Hoegen-Rohls Christina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present article first presents and explains the theses that emerge from Régis Burnet's monograph ‘Exegesis and History of Reception’ (Tübingen 2021) and from his SNTS Main Paper published in NTS 2023, ‘Why “Reception History” Is Not Just Another Exegetical Method: The Case of Mark's Ending’ (Leuven 2022). It then develops questions and perspectives that result from the dialogue between Burnet's approach and my own approach and continue this productive, unfinished discussion. It should be postulated that the history of interpretation and the reception history belong to the field of theological encyclopaedia and have the potential to lead to an ‘aesthetic theology’.
Is λιβανωτός a censer/brazier in Revelation 8.3, 5? How in the lexicon is this possible?
Authors: Moț Laurențiu Florentin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractΛιβανωτός is a rare word in the Biblia graeca and means ‘frankincense’. It appears once in the canonical Septuagint in 1 Chron 9.29 as part of a list of ingredients which were under the care of the Levites: flour, wine, olive oil, incense and spices. In the Apocrypha, it appears in 3 Macc 5.2 as a drug, together with unmixed wine, for maddening or running elephants wild. Then it is used only in Rev 8.3, 5 in constructions which made lexicographers unanimously define λιβανωτός as a container (censer or brazier). However, when one examines the usage of this noun in Greek writing at large, he or she observes, not without surprise, that λιβανωτός exhibits impressively stable semantics. Virtually everywhere in the history of Greek, the term is a spice (frankincense). Why then should Rev 8.3, 5 be an exception? The study probes into the claim that λιβανωτός means ‘censer’ in the Johannine Apocalypse, shows how well the regular meaning of incense fits in the scene John witnesses, and draws important implications for the understanding of the text and the lexicographical task.
Polarization of Magnetospheric ULF Waves Excited by an Interplanetary Shock on 27 February 2014
Authors: Takahashi Kazue , Elsden Tom , Wright Andrew N. , Degeling Alexander W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany previous studies have reported that magnetospheric ultralow frequency waves excited by interplanetary shocks exhibit a strong toroidal component, corresponding to azimuthal displacement of magnetic field lines. However, the toroidal oscillations excited by an interplanetary shock on 27 February 2014 and observed on the dayside by multiple spacecraft were accompanied by a strong poloidal component (radial field line displacement). The frequency of the toroidal oscillations changed with the radial distance of the spacecraft as expected for standing Alfvén waves. We run a 3D linear numerical simulation of this wave event using a model magnetosphere with a realistic radial variation of the Alfvén velocity. The simulated wave fields, when sampled at a radial distance comparable to those of the observations in the real magnetosphere, exhibit polarization similar to the observations. In the simulation, the poloidal component comes from radially standing fast mode waves and the toroidal component results from a field line resonance driven by the fast mode waves. As a consequence, the relative amplitude and phase of the toroidal and poloidal components change with radial distance.
Viscous Relaxation of Oort and Edgeworth Craters on Pluto: Possible Indicators of an Epoch of Early High Heat Flow
Authors: McKinnon William B. , Bland Michael T. , Singer Kelsi N. , Schenk Paul M. , Robbins Stuart J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractImpact craters, with their well‐defined initial shapes, have proven useful as heat flow probes of a number of icy bodies, provided characteristics of viscous relaxation can be identified. For Pluto's numerous craters, such identifications are hampered/complicated by infilling and erosion by mobile volatile ices, but not in every case. Large craters offer relatively deep probes of rheological structure, and on Pluto two large old craters in a major dark (volatile‐ice free) region are probably the best examples for possible viscous relaxation: Oort (115‐km diameter) and Edgeworth (140‐km diameter). They are similar in size, location, and apparent age (morphological preservation), but may or may not be coeval. Edgeworth is particularly shallow and its floor appears bowed up above the original ground plane, a classic hallmark of viscous relaxation in which viscosity decreases sharply with depth. Oort is less relaxed, but may be somewhat younger and less affected by an early epoch of high heat flow. Finite element calculations show that this heat flow would have to have been substantial to explain Edgeworth's upbowed floor by viscous relaxation, several times steady‐state radiogenic values for present‐day surface temperatures. We expect Pluto's brittle ice lithosphere to be fractured and porous, however, markedly reducing thermal conductivity and increasing temperatures at depth and relaxation for a given heat flow. We find that most relaxation occurs well within 100 Myr after impact for Edgeworth and Oort, and focus attention on a temporal (and/or regional) epoch of elevated heat flow, possibly tied to the serpentinization of Pluto's rocky core.
Robotic pendant drop: containerless liquid for μs-resolved, AI-executable XPCS
Authors: Ozgulbas Doga Yamac , Jensen Don , Butler Rory , Vescovi Rafael , Foster Ian T. , Irvin Michael , Nakaye Yasukazu , Chu Miaoqi , Dufresne Eric M. , Seifert Soenke , Babnigg Gyorgy , Ramanathan Arvind , Zhang Qingteng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe dynamics and structure of mixed phases in a complex fluid can significantly impact its material properties, such as viscoelasticity. Small-angle X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (SA-XPCS) can probe the spontaneous spatial fluctuations of the mixed phases under various in situ environments over wide spatiotemporal ranges (10−6–103 s /10−10–10−6 m). Tailored material design, however, requires searching through a massive number of sample compositions and experimental parameters, which is beyond the bandwidth of the current coherent X-ray beamline. Using 3.7-μs-resolved XPCS synchronized with the clock frequency at the Advanced Photon Source, we demonstrated the consistency between the Brownian dynamics of ~100 nm diameter colloidal silica nanoparticles measured from an enclosed pendant drop and a sealed capillary. The electronic pipette can also be mounted on a robotic arm to access different stock solutions and create complex fluids with highly-repeatable and precisely controlled composition profiles. This closed-loop, AI-executable protocol is applicable to light scattering techniques regardless of the light wavelength and optical coherence, and is a first step towards high-throughput, autonomous material discovery.
Cerebral cortical structural alteration patterns across four major psychiatric disorders in 5549 individuals
Authors: Matsumoto Junya , Fukunaga Masaki , Miura Kenichiro , Nemoto Kiyotaka , Okada Naohiro , Hashimoto Naoki , Morita Kentaro , Koshiyama Daisuke , Ohi Kazutaka , Takahashi Tsutomu , Koeda Michihiko , Yamamori Hidenaga , Fujimoto Michiko , Yasuda Yuka , Ito Satsuki , Yamazaki Ryuichi , Hasegawa Naomi , Narita Hisashi , Yokoyama Satoshi , Mishima Ryo , Miyata Jun , Kobayashi Yuko , Sasabayashi Daiki , Harada Kenichiro , Yamamoto Maeri , Hirano Yoji , Itahashi Takashi , Nakataki Masahito , Hashimoto Ryu-ichiro , Tha Khin K. , Koike Shinsuke , Matsubara Toshio , Okada Go , Yoshimura Reiji , Abe Osamu , van Erp Theo G. M. , Turner Jessica A. , Jahanshad Neda , Thompson Paul M. , Onitsuka Toshiaki , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Matsuo Koji , Yamasue Hidenori , Okamoto Yasumasa , Suzuki Michio , Ozaki Norio , Kasai Kiyoto , Hashimoto Ryota 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAccording to the operational diagnostic criteria, psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia (SZ), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are classified based on symptoms. While its cluster of symptoms defines each of these psychiatric disorders, there is also an overlap in symptoms between the disorders. We hypothesized that there are also similarities and differences in cortical structural neuroimaging features among these psychiatric disorders. T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed for 5,549 subjects recruited from 14 sites. Effect sizes were determined using a linear regression model within each protocol, and these effect sizes were meta-analyzed. The similarity of the differences in cortical thickness and surface area of each disorder group was calculated using cosine similarity, which was calculated from the effect sizes of each cortical regions. The thinnest cortex was found in SZ, followed by BD and MDD. The cosine similarity values between disorders were 0.943 for SZ and BD, 0.959 for SZ and MDD, and 0.943 for BD and MDD, which indicated that a common pattern of cortical thickness alterations was found among SZ, BD, and MDD. Additionally, a generally smaller cortical surface area was found in SZ and MDD than in BD, and the effect was larger in SZ. The cosine similarity values between disorders were 0.945 for SZ and MDD, 0.867 for SZ and ASD, and 0.811 for MDD and ASD, which indicated a common pattern of cortical surface area alterations among SZ, MDD, and ASD. Patterns of alterations in cortical thickness and surface area were revealed in the four major psychiatric disorders. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a cross-disorder analysis conducted on four major psychiatric disorders. Cross-disorder brain imaging research can help to advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders and common symptoms.
A positive feedback between cholesterol synthesis and the pentose phosphate pathway rather than glycolysis promotes hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hu Junjie , Liu Ningning , Song David , Steer Clifford J. , Zheng Guohua , Song Guisheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHepatic cholesterol accumulation and hypercholesterolemia are implicated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the therapeutic effects of cholesterol-lowering drugs on HCC are controversial, indicating that the relationship between cholesterol metabolism and HCC is more complex than anticipated. A positive feedback between cholesterol synthesis and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) rather than glycolysis was formed in tumors of c-Myc mice. Blocking the PPP prevented cholesterol synthesis and thereby HCC in c-Myc mice, while ablating glycolysis did not affect cholesterol synthesis and failed to prevent c-Myc-induced HCC. Unexpectedly, HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase) and G6PD (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase), the rate-limiting enzymes of cholesterol synthesis and the PPP, were identified as direct targets of microRNA-206. By targeting Hmgcr and G6pd, microRNA-206 disrupted the positive feedback and fully prevented HCC in c-Myc mice, while 100% of control mice died of HCC. Disrupting the interaction of microRNA-206 with Hmgcr and G6pd restored cholesterol synthesis, the PPP and HCC growth that was inhibited by miR-206. This study identified a previously undescribed positive feedback loop between cholesterol synthesis and the PPP, which drives HCC, while microRNA-206 prevents HCC by disrupting this loop. Cholesterol synthesis as a process rather than cholesterol itself is the major contributor of HCC.
Histopathology and levels of proteins in plasma associate with survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis
Authors: Magnusson Magnus I. , Agnarsson Bjarni A. , Jonasson Jon G. , Tryggvason Thordur , Aeffner Famke , le Roux Louise , Magnusdottir Droplaug N. , Gunnarsdottir Helga S. , Alexíusdóttir Kristín K. , Gunnarsdottir Kristbjorg , Söebech Emilia , Runarsdottir Hjaltey , Jonsdottir Erna M. , Kristinsdottir Bjarney S. , Olafsson Sigurgeir , Knutsdottir Hildur , Thorsteinsdottir Unnur , Ulfarsson Magnus O. , Gudbjartsson Daniel F. , Saemundsdottir Jona , Magnusson Olafur T. , Norddahl Gudmundur L. , Watson J. E. Vivienne , Rafnar Thorunn , Lund Sigrun H. , Stefansson Kari 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The TNM system is used to assess prognosis after colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis. Other prognostic factors reported include histopathological assessments of the tumour, tumour mutations and proteins in the blood. As some of these factors are strongly correlated, it is important to evaluate the independent effects they may have on survival.

Methods
Tumour samples from 2162 CRC patients were visually assessed for amount of tumour stroma, severity of lymphocytic infiltrate at the tumour margins and the presence of lymphoid follicles. Somatic mutations in the tumour were assessed for 2134 individuals. Pre-surgical levels of 4963 plasma proteins were measured in 128 individuals. The associations between these features and prognosis were inspected by a Cox Proportional Hazards Model (CPH).

Results
Levels of stroma, lymphocytic infiltration and presence of lymphoid follicles all associate with prognosis, along with high tumour mutation burden, high microsatellite instability and TP53 and BRAF mutations. The somatic mutations are correlated with the histopathology and none of the somatic mutations associate with survival in a multivariate analysis. Amount of stroma and lymphocytic infiltration associate with local invasion of tumours. Elevated levels of two plasma proteins, CA-125 and PPP1R1A, associate with a worse prognosis.

Conclusions
Tumour stroma and lymphocytic infiltration variables are strongly associated with prognosis of CRC and capture the prognostic effects of tumour mutation status. CA-125 and PPP1R1A may be useful prognostic biomarkers in CRC.