bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Infant feeding choices among Panamanian mothers: A qualitative study
Authors: De La Cruz Danae , Lee Richard Philip , Gallagher Justine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInfant and child nutrition practices are among the most critical determinants of infant health and breastfeeding is considered the gold standard of infant feeding. Despite extensive public health interventions to promote breastfeeding, its prevalence has decreased in recent years in Panama, particularly in urban settings. There has been a nearly 20% drop in breastfeeding in the 10 years leading to 2020. Current literature often fails to elucidate the factors underpinning Panamanian mothers' decision making in relation to breastfeeding. This article explores the experiences, views, and decision making related to infant feeding choices of mothers in Panama City. The study used a qualitative approach, involving online semistructured interviews with seven participants. Utilizing the socioecological model enabled an understanding of the influence of the various, nested levels of a mother's social environment on behaviors and practices. Five themes were developed following analysis: “practical, bodily, and emotional challenges”; “workplace influences”; “family and friends’ support”; “the role of health care and healthcare professionals”; “the influence of social and cultural norms on decisions and practices.” The main barrier to breastfeeding was the lack of family support, especially from grandmothers. In contrast, private lactation consultation and partners' support were perceived as the best approaches for breastfeeding success, suggesting an urgent need for publicly available lactation support. This study demonstrates the importance of understanding the complexity of the social norms surrounding infant feeding, showing the challenges that mothers face in this process, and sheds light on the (public) interventions necessary to improve breastfeeding initiation and continuation.
A data fusion approach for nondestructive tracking of the ripening process and quality attributes of green Hayward kiwifruit using artificial olfaction and proximal hyperspectral imaging techniques
Authors: Bakhshipour Adel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA data fusion strategy based on hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and electronic nose (e‐nose) systems was developed in this study to inspect the postharvest ripening process of Hayward kiwifruit. The extracted features from the e‐nose and HSI techniques, in single or combined mode, were used to develop machine learning algorithms. Performance evaluations proved that the fusion of olfactory and reflectance data improves the performance of discriminative and predictive algorithms. Accordingly, with high classification accuracies of 100% and 94.44% in the calibration and test stages, the data fusion‐based support vector machine (SVM) outperformed the partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA) for discriminating the kiwifruit samples into eight classes based on storage time. Moreover, the data fusion‐based support vector regression (SVR) was a better predictor than partial least squares regression (PLSR) for kiwifruit firmness, soluble solids content (SSC), and titratable acidity (TA) measures. The prediction R2 and RMSE criteria of the SVR algorithm on the test data were 0.962 and 0.408 for firmness, 0.964 and 0.337 for SSC, and 0.955 and 0.039 for TA, respectively. It was concluded that the hybrid of e‐nose and HSI systems coupled with the SVM algorithm delivers an effective tool for accurate and nondestructive monitoring of kiwifruit quality during storage.
Poly(2‐Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Hydrogel‐Based Microneedles for Metformin Release
Authors: Sharma Manoj B. , Kap Özlem , Abdelmohsen Hend A. M. , Ashton Mark D. , Harper Garry R. , Firlak Melike , Aaltonen Jasmine E. , Bolland Kerry A. , Bragg Ryan , Deeley Sarah , Francis Ella , Kazi Nahin , Mapley Bethany L. , Oikonomou Vasileios , Aljohani Amal D. , Cheneler David , Kilic Volkan , Horzum Nesrin , Hardy John G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe release of metformin, a drug used in the treatment of cancer and diabetes, from poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate), pHEMA, hydrogel‐based microneedle patches is demonstrated in vitro. Tuning the composition of the pHEMA hydrogels enables preparation of robust microneedle patches with mechanical properties such that they would penetrate skin (insertion force of a single microneedle to be ≈40 N). Swelling experiments conducted at 20, 35, and 60 °C show temperature‐dependent degrees of swelling and diffusion kinetics. Drug release from the pHEMA hydrogel‐based microneedles is fitted to various models (e.g., zero order, first order, second order). Such pHEMA microneedles have potential application for transdermal delivery of metformin for the treatment of aging, cancer, diabetes, etc.
Superhydrophilic Interconnected Biomass‐Based Absorbers Toward High‐Speed Evaporation for Solar Steam Generation
Authors: Wei Dan , Cao Xiaoyu , Ma Miaomiao , Zhao Zexiang , Zhang Jing , Dong Xinyu , Wang Chengbing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTaking abundant and sustainable solar energy as the only energy source, solar‐powered interface evaporation has been regarded as a promising method to alleviate the pressure of freshwater shortage. However, the uptake of clean water from brine is constantly accompanied by evaporation of water and condensation of vapor, which inevitably generates salt solid, preventing further continuous and stable evaporation. The most direct method is to fabricate a photothermal material with salt self‐resistance by using the reflux of salt ions. Here, a superhydrophilic interconnected biomass carbon absorber (SBCA) is prepared by freeze‐drying and carbonization, realizing strong liquid pumping, and self‐blocking salt. In combination with superior broadband light absorption (94.91%), high porosity (95.9%), superhydrophilicity, and excellent thermal localization, an evaporation device with excellent evaporation rate (2.45 kg m−2 h−1 under 1 kW m−2) is successfully proposed. In the meantime, the porous skeleton and rapid water transport can enhance the diffusion of salt ions and slow down the rate of salt deposition. As a result, no salt deposition is found on the SBCA surface after continuous irradiation at 1 kW m−2 for 15 h. The design can provide a convenient and low‐cost efficient strategy for solar steam generators to address clean water acquisition.
Student support services: Perceptions and recommendations for the next generation
Authors: Perez Herminio L. , Sabato Emily 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeStudent support services/student affairs are central to the student academic experience and success at US and Canadian dental schools. This manuscript evaluates student and administrator perceptions of support services and offers recommendations for best practices in student services in predoctoral dental education to help institutions improve the student experience.MethodsA survey of administrators and dental students found perceptions of student support services vary between these groups.ResultsSeventeen student services administrators and 263 students started the survey, and 12 administrators and 156 students completed the full survey. Survey comments indicated access to student support services is a concern. Results of the student survey, in conjunction with current literature, were utilized to develop recommendations for dental student support services.ConclusionRecommendations for student support services in dental schools include accessibility of student services, and ensuring students have access to support in the domains of wellness, academic support, and peer support as well as implementation of humanistic practices. Wellness supports should include behavioral health services, physical health services, and access to mindfulness interventions. Academic support services should include study skills, time management training, and academic supports such as tutoring. Structured peer support programs should also be implemented. Dental schools should also be mindful of the changing support needs of incoming dental students.
Disease models of mitochondrial aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase defects
Authors: Tyynismaa Henna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMitochondrial aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases (mtARS) are enzymes critical for the first step of mitochondrial protein synthesis by charging mitochondrial tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. Pathogenic variants in all 19 nuclear mtARS genes are now recognized as causing recessive mitochondrial diseases. Most mtARS disorders affect the nervous system, but the phenotypes range from multisystem diseases to tissue‐specific manifestations. However, the mechanisms behind the tissue specificities are poorly understood, and challenges remain in obtaining accurate disease models for developing and testing treatments. Here, some of the currently existing disease models that have increased our understanding of mtARS defects are discussed.
Liquid chromatographic determination of lumacaftor in the presence of ivacaftor and identification of five novel degradation products using high‐performance liquid chromatography ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Özcan Saniye , Erdoğan Uzunoğlu Ülfet , Levent Serkan , Can Nafiz Öncü 
Published: July 2023

Lumacaftor is a transmembrane conductance regulator potentiator drug, prescribed for the treatment of cystic fibrosis in patients who are homozygous for the F508del mutation. Quantitation of lumacaftor besides its degradation products and ivacaftor was achieved on a fused‐core silica particle column packed with pentafluorophenylpropyl stationary phase (Ascentis Express F5, 2.7 μm particle size 100 mm × 4.6 mm; Supelco) using gradient elution (A: 0.1% [v/v] formic acid in water, B: 0.1% [v/v] formic acid in acetonitrile [the mobile phase pH 2.5]). A constant flow rate at 1 mL/min was applied, and the detection was realized using a photodiode array detector set at 216 nm. The pseudo tablet formulation of the lumacaftor/ivacaftor fixed‐dose combination preparation, namely, Orkambi®, was prepared in vitro and used for the analytical performance validation and method application studies. In addition, five novel degradation products, four of which even have no Chemical Abstracts Services registry number, were identified using high‐resolution mass spectrometry instrument, and their possible mechanisms of formation were proposed. According to current literature, this paper can be regarded as the most comprehensive liquid chromatographic study on lumacaftor determination, among its counterparts.
Fluorinated Sulfonated Poly(ether sulfone)‐Based Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) Dispersion: A Hole Transport Layer Material in Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Subramani Devaraju , Mohanty Aruna Kumar , Won Du‐hyun , Hong Youngkun , Paik Hyun‐jong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHere the synthesis of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) aqueous dispersion using sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (SPES) with hydrophobic fluorinated groups to improve the weather and water stability of the conductive film is reported. The conductivity and surface morphology of the fabricated PEDOT:SPES conductive thin films are investigated. The PEDOT:SPES film after the N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) treatment showed a 200 times increase in the conductivity and the transmittance is over 96.5%. Raman spectroscopy indicates conformational changes in PEDOT chains due to the solvent treatment. The PEDOT:SPES film shows better water and weather stability performance in terms of dimensional stability in comparison to the commercial PEDOT:poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS). Further, the organic solar cells performance is tested using PEDOT:SPES as hole transport layer and poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT):[6,6]‐phenyl C71‐butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) as active material. The PEDOT:SPES achieves a good power conversion efficiency (=3.36%), comparable with the conventional PEDOT:PSS (AI 4083).
Extensions of valuations to rational function fields over completions
Authors: Dutta Arpan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGiven a valued field and its completion , we study the set of all possible extensions of v to . We show that any such extension is closely connected with the underlying subextension . The connections between these extensions are studied via minimal pairs, key polynomials, pseudo‐Cauchy sequences, and implicit constant fields. As a consequence, we obtain strong ramification theoretic properties of . We also give necessary and sufficient conditions for to be dense in .
On harmonic and biharmonic maps from gradient Ricci solitons
Authors: Branding Volker 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study harmonic and biharmonic maps from gradient Ricci solitons. We derive a number of analytic and geometric conditions under which harmonic maps are constant and which force biharmonic maps to be harmonic. In particular, we show that biharmonic maps of finite energy from the two‐dimensional cigar soliton must be harmonic.
Well‐posedness and blow‐up of the fractional Keller–Segel model on domains
Authors: Costa Masterson , Cuevas Claudio , Silva Clessius , Soto Herme 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work deals with well‐posedness and blow‐up in the setting of Lebesgue and Besov spaces to the time‐fractional Keller–Segel model for chemotaxis under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in a smooth domain of . The KS model consists in a coupled system of partial differential equations. In particular, we also treat the unique continuation of the solution and the persistence of continuous dependence on the initial data for the continued solution.
Operation of a passively Q‐switched Tm:YAP laser with Ta2NiS5 as a saturable absorber
Authors: Huang Renjie , He Xin , Liu Hai , Pan Chao , Zhou Long , Yang Yuqiang , Yu Shuang , Cui Zheng , Li Linjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, the operation of compact diode‐pumped continuous wave and passively Q‐switched (PQS) Tm:YAlO3 (Tm:YAP) solid‐state lasers (SSLs) on the 3F4–3H6 transition is demonstrated. The first PQS operation of a mid‐infrared (mid‐IR) Tm:YAP laser at 1986.64 nm is realized with a Ta2NiS5‐based saturable absorber (SA). Under PQS mode, the Tm:YAP laser generated a maximum output power of 1.278/1.393 W with an optical‐to‐optical conversion efficiency of 8.81%/9.61%, corresponding to a narrowest pulse duration of 787/914 ns and a high repetition frequency of 187.932/151.115 kHz for 1.5%/2.5% transmittance of output coupler. The experimental results show that Ta2NiS5‐based SA is an excellent optical switch for diode‐pumped PQS mid‐IR SSL emitting around 2.0 μm.
Age and gender differences in lumbar intervertebral disk strain using mechanical loading magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Menon Rajiv G. , de Moura Hector L. , Kijowski Richard , Regatte Ravinder R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objective of the current study was to investigate age‐ and gender‐related differences in lumbar intervertebral disk (IVD) strain with the use of static mechanical loading and continuous three‐dimensional (3D) golden‐angle radial sparse parallel (GRASP) MRI. A continuous 3D‐GRASP stack‐of‐stars trajectory of the lumbar spine was performed on a 3‐T scanner with static mechanical loading. Compressed sensing reconstruction, motion deformation maps, and Lagrangian strain maps during loading and recovery in the X‐, Y‐, and Z‐directions were calculated for segmented IVD segments from L1/L2 to L5/S1. Mean IVD height was measured at rest. Spearman coefficients were used to evaluate the associations between age and global IVD height and global IVD strain. Mann–Whitney tests were used to compare global IVD height and global IVD strain in males and females. The prospective study enrolled 20 healthy human volunteers (10 males, 10 females; age 34.6 ± 11.4 [mean ± SD], range 22–56 years). Significant increases in compressive strain were observed with age, as evidenced by negative correlations between age and global IVD strain during loading (ρ = −0.76, p = 0.0046) and recovery (ρ = −0.68, p = 0.0251) in the loading X‐direction. There was no significant correlation between age and global IVD height, global IVD strain during loading and recovery in the Y‐direction, and global IVD strain during loading and recovery in the Z‐direction. There were no significant differences between males and females in global IVD height and global IVD strain during loading and recovery in the X‐, Y‐, and Z‐directions. It was concluded that our study demonstrated the significant role aging plays in internal dynamic strains in the lumbar IVD during loading and recovery. Older healthy individuals have reduced IVD stiffness and greater IVD compression during static mechanical loading of the lumbar spine. The GRASP‐MRI technique demonstrates the feasibility to identify changes in IVD mechanical properties with early IVD degeneration due to aging.
Tensor train completion: Local recovery guarantees via Riemannian optimization
Authors: Budzinskiy Stanislav , Zamarashkin Nikolai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, we estimate the number of randomly selected elements of a tensor that with high probability guarantees local convergence of Riemannian gradient descent for tensor train completion. We derive a new bound for the orthogonal projections onto the tangent spaces based on the harmonic mean of the unfoldings' singular values and introduce a notion of core coherence for tensor trains. We also extend the results to tensor train completion with auxiliary subspace information and obtain the corresponding local convergence guarantees.
Flow similarity model predicts the allometry and allometric covariation of petiole dimensions
Authors: Price Charles A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAllometric relationships for plants, plant organs and plant parts, have long generated interest among biologists. Several prominent theoretical models based on biomechanical and/or hydraulic arguments have been introduced with mixed support. Here, I test a more recent offering, flow similarity, which is based on the conservation of volumetric flow rate and velocity. Using dimensional data for 935 petioles from 43 angiosperm species, I show that both the intraspecific and interspecific petiole allometries are more closely aligned with the predictions of the flow similarity model than that of elastic or geometric similarity. Further, allometric covariation among empirical scaling exponents falls along predicted functions with clustering around the flow similarity predictions. This work adds to the body of literature highlighting the importance of hydraulics in understanding the physiological basis of plant allometries, identifies previously unknown central tendencies in petiole allometry, and helps to delineate the scope within which the flow similarity model may be applicable.
Tobacco/nicotine dependence as a risk factor for substance use disorders and related mental health conditions among cancer patients
Authors: Cuomo Raphael E. , Mackey Tim K. , Purushothaman Vidya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer patients often face multiple comorbidities and are at risk for various mental health conditions and substance use disorders. Tobacco/nicotine dependence (TND) is a known risk factor for poor health outcomes and has been associated with psychiatric disorders including substance use disorder. However, the specific relationship between TND and the risk of substance use disorder and mental health conditions among cancer patients remains underexplored. This study aimed to assess the association between TND and the risk of comorbid conditions among cancer patients.MethodsData were obtained from a database of electronic health records for patients from the University of California health system. The odds for every condition among cancer patients with TND were calculated and compared with those for cancer patients without TND. ORs were adjusted for gender, ethnicity, and race.ResultsThree thousand seven hundred and ninety‐one cancer patients with TND had 252,619 total conditions, and 51,711 cancer patients without TND had 2,310,880 conditions. After adjusting for confounders, the condition for which TND most exacerbated risk was psychoactive substance‐induced organic anxiety disorder (OR = 16.3, p < 0.001). This appeared consistent with the second, third, and fifth most‐exacerbated conditions: stimulant use disorder (OR = 12.8, p < 0.001), cocaine induced mental disorder (OR = 11.0, p < 0.001), and cocaine use disorder (OR = 11.0, p < 0.001). Different conditions exacerbated by TND include acute alcoholic intoxication (OR = 11.4, p < 0.001), opioid use disorder (OR = 7.6, p < 0.001), schizoaffective disorder (OR = 7.4, p < 0.001), and cannabis use disorder (OR = 6.3, p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings reveal a strong association between TND and an increased risk of substance use disorder and mental health conditions among cancer patients. Specifically, cancer patients with TND were at an elevated risk for psychoactive substance‐induced organic anxiety disorder, stimulant use disorder, and cocaine‐related disorders. Additionally, TND was associated with an increased risk of acute alcoholic intoxication, opioid use disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and cannabis use disorder. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive screening and interventions to address TND and comorbid conditions among cancer patients.
ProsTAV, a novel blood‐based test for biopsy decision management in significant prostate cancer
Authors: Gómez Gómez Enrique , Cano Castiñeira Roque , Burgos Javier , Rodríguez Antolín Alfredo , Miles Brian J. , Martínez Salamanca Juan Ignacio , Bianco Fernando , Fernández Luis , Calmarza Isabel , Pastor Jordi , Butler Ray G. , de Pedro Nuria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCurrent pathways in early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) can lead to unnecessary biopsy procedures. Here, we used telomere analysis to develop and evaluate ProsTAV®, a risk model for significant PCa (Gleason score >6), with the objective of improving the PCa diagnosis pathway.MethodsThis retrospective, multicentric study analyzed telomeres from patients with serum PSA 3–10 ng/mL. High‐throughput quantitative fluorescence in‐situ hybridization was used to evaluate telomere‐associated variables (TAVs) in peripheral blood mononucleated cells. ProsTAV® was developed by multivariate logistics regression based on three clinical variables and six TAVs. The predictive capacity and accuracy of ProsTAV® were summarized by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and its clinical benefit with decision curves analysis.ResultsTelomeres from 1043 patients were analyzed. The median age of the patients was 63 years, with a median PSA of 5.2 ng/mL and a percentage of significant PCa of 23.9%. A total of 874 patients were selected for model training and 169 patients for model validation. The area under the ROC curve of ProsTAV® was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.62–0.79), with a sensitivity of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.88–1.0) and specificity of 0.33 (95% CI, 0.24–0.40). The positive predictive value was 0.29 (95% CI, 0.21–0.37) and the negative predictive value was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.83–0.99). ProsTAV® would make it possible to avoid 33% of biopsies.ConclusionsProsTAV®, a predictive model based on telomere analysis through TAV, could be used to increase the prediction capacity of significant PCa in patients with PSA between 3 and 10 ng/mL.
Night trading: Lower risk but higher returns?
Authors: Lachance Marie‐Eve 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper demonstrates that overnight returns are subject to highly persistent biases and examines the profitability of overnight‐only investments in that context. Overnight returns tend to exceed their intraday counterparts, and the paper first reconciles these patterns by introducing a model that factors in systematic biases. This model identifies one‐fifth of stocks as having positive and statistically significant overnight biases. Investing overnight in these stocks in the next year yields twice the market's return for a third of the market beta. Results also have implications for daytime investors as these stocks underperform intraday. Implementation costs and issues are discussed.