bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Editorial: Heal thyself—Autologous therapy for perianal Crohn's disease. Authors' reply
Authors: van Ruler O. , Arkenbosch J. H. C. , van der Woude C. J. 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Arkenbosch et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17347 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17377
Disparity in high school enrollment between native and immigrant children in Japan
Authors: Hagiwara Risa , Liu Yang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUsing nonlinear decomposition, this study examines the gap in high school enrollment between native and immigrant children based on data from the 2010 Population Census. The school attendance probability of immigrant children is significantly lower than that of native children. Factors contributing to the gap are the length of stay in Japan, parental employment status, and home ownership. The total explained part of all observable factors is approximately 30% in the comparison between native and immigrant children whose parents are both foreigners. Furthermore, immigrant children who do not attend high school are more likely to be unemployed.
Egg‐laying capacity of parent flock geese at different stocking densities
Authors: Khaziev Danis , Gadiev Rinat , Gayfullina Alfiya , Kosilov Vladimir , Kazanina Marina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article presents the results of studies aimed at establishing the optimal stocking density of purebred and hybrid geese of the parent flock, taking into account the indicators of their live weight and egg production. When conducting research, the stocking density of geese was established depending on the breed and shape. Different stocking densities of geese in groups were achieved due to their different numbers in groups: Kuban 1.2; 1.5; 1.8 birds/m2, large gray 0.9; 1.2; 1.5 birds/m2, hybrid bird 1.0; 1.3; 1.5 birds/m2. It was revealed on the basis of the analysis of the productive qualities of adult geese that the optimal planting density of the Kuban geese is 1.8 heads/m2, large sulfur = 0.9, hybrid = 1.3. The safety of geese at a given stocking density ensured an increase in the safety of geese of the Kuban breed by 95.3%, large gray = 94.0%, hybrid = 97.0%. The live weight of Kuban geese increased by 0.9%, large gray geese = 0.10, hybrids = 1.2, egg production by 0.6%, 2.2% and 0.5%, respectively.
Auditor Assignments and Audit Quality
Authors: Wu Yongliang , Li Zihui , Zhang Min , Zhai Shengbao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGiven the important role of individual auditors in the audit process, appropriate staffing is an essential issue in audit firms. Using unique audit data for both listed and private companies in China, we define the downward mismatch between auditors and clients as an inappropriate assignment of the engagement auditors who are supposed to serve only private companies, but sign the audit reports of public companies. We find that the downward mismatch leads to poor audit quality. The results are robust to various tests, including using alternative proxies, adopting the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) procedure, and controlling for auditor–client fixed effects and audit firm‐level mismatch. Additional analyses reveal that the negative effect of downward mismatch on audit quality is less pronounced for audit firms with more education and training expenditures, with more informatisation expenditures, and with more partners available. Moreover, this negative effect is more pronounced when clients’ business is more complex. Our findings shed light on the importance of staffing assignment decisions within the audit firm.
Computational flow cytometry provides accurate assessment of measurable residual disease in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: Nguyen Phillip C. , Nguyen Vuong , Baldwin Kylie , Kankanige Yamuna , Blombery Piers , Came Neil , Westerman David A. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryUndetectable measurable residual disease (MRD) is associated with favourable clinical outcomes in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). While assessment is commonly performed using multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC), this approach is associated with limitations including user bias and expertise that may not be widely available. Implementation of unsupervised clustering algorithms in the laboratory can address these limitations and have not been previously reported in a systematic quantitative manner. We developed a computational pipeline to assess CLL MRD using FlowSOM. In the training step, a self‐organising map was generated with nodes representing the full breadth of normal immature and mature B cells along with disease immunophenotypes. This map was used to detect MRD in multiple validation cohorts containing a total of 456 samples. This included an evaluation of atypical CLL cases and samples collected from two different laboratories. Computational MRD showed high correlation with expert analysis (Pearson's r > 0.99 for typical CLL). Binary classification of typical CLL samples as either MRD positive or negative demonstrated high concordance (>98%). Interestingly, computational MRD detected disease in a small number of atypical CLL cases in which MRD was not detected by expert analysis. These results demonstrate the feasibility and value of automated MFC analysis in a diagnostic laboratory.
Chronic alcohol induced mechanical allodynia by promoting neuroinflammation: A mouse model of alcohol‐evoked neuropathic pain
Authors: Borgonetti Vittoria , Roberts Amanda J. , Bajo Michal , Galeotti Nicoletta , Roberto Marisa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeChronic pain is considered a key factor contributing to alcohol use disorder (AUD). The mechanisms responsible for chronic pain associated with chronic alcohol consumption are unknown. We evaluated the development of chronic pain in a mouse model of alcohol dependence and investigate the role of neuroinflammation.Experimental ApproachThe chronic‐intermittent ethanol two‐bottle choice CIE‐2BC paradigm generates three groups: alcohol‐dependent with escalating alcohol intake, nondependent (moderate drinking) and alcohol‐naïve control male and female mice. We measured mechanical allodynia during withdrawal and after the last voluntary drinking. Immunoblotting was used to evaluate the protein levels of IBA‐1, CSFR, IL‐6, p38 and ERK2/1 in spinal cord tissue of dependent and non‐dependent animals.Key ResultsWe found significant escalation of drinking in the dependent group in male and female compared with the non‐dependent group. The dependent group developed mechanical allodynia during 72 h of withdrawal, which was completely reversed after voluntary drinking. We observed an increased pain hypersensitivity compared with the naïve in 50% of non‐dependent group. Increased IBA‐1 and CSFR expression was observed in spinal cord tissue of both hypersensitivity‐abstinence related and neuropathy‐alcohol mice, and increased IL‐6 expression and ERK1/2 activation in mice with hypersensitivity‐related to abstinence, but not in mice with alcohol‐evoked neuropathic pain.Conclusions and ImplicationsThe CIE‐2BC model induces two distinct pain conditions specific to the type of ethanol exposure: abstinence‐related hypersensitivity in dependent mice and alcohol‐evoked neuropathic pain in about a half of the non‐dependent mice.
Late‐night salivary cortisol cut‐offs for diagnosis of Cushing syndrome using second‐generation electrochemiluminescence immunoassay kits
Authors: Goyal Alpesh , Attri Bhawna , Gupta Yashdeep , Kalaivani Mani , Jyotsna Viveka P. , Tandon Nikhil 
Published: April 2023

AbstractContextLate‐night salivary cortisol (LNSC) is a simple and reliable screening test for Cushing syndrome (CS). With improved analytical performance of the current second‐generation electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA; Elecsys Cortisol‐II; Roche Diagnostics), there is a need to revisit the LNSC cut‐offs, especially in a South‐Asian population.ObjectiveTo derive LNSC cut‐offs for diagnosis of CS using second‐generation ECLIA kits.DesignDiagnostic accuracy study.MethodsWe prospectively recruited 155 controls aged 18–60 years, including, normal‐weight (body mass index [BMI] < 25 kg/m2 and no hypertension or diabetes [n = 53]) and overweight/obese (BMI 25–30 kg/m2 and hypertension and/or diabetes [n = 52] or BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 with/without comorbidities [n = 50]) participants. All participants submitted LNSC samples collected at home; overweight/obese controls additionally underwent dexamethasone suppression test to exclude CS. We also reviewed records of adults with endogenous CS (cases, n = 92) and a valid LNSC result using the same method.ResultsThe 95th percentile for LNSC in controls was 6.76 nmol/L. The mean ± SD LNSC levels were 40.47 ± 49.63 nmol/L in cases and 3.37 ± 1.18 nmol/L in controls (p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed excellent diagnostic performance of LNSC for CS, with area under curves (AUCs) of 0.994 (cases vs. all controls) and 0.993 (cases vs. overweight/obese controls), respectively. The best diagnostic performance was achieved at cut‐offs ≥6.73 nmol/L (sensitivity: 97.8%, specificity: 94.8%) and ≥7.26 nmol/L (sensitivity: 97.8%, specificity: 95.1%), respectively.ConclusionsLNSC measured using second‐generation ECLIA demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for CS. Based on this study, we propose a LNSC cutoff ≥6.73 nmol/L to diagnose CS.
Multilevel Robustness for 2D Vector Field Feature Tracking, Selection and Comparison
Authors: Yan Lin , Ullrich Paul Aaron , Van Roekel Luke P. , Wang Bei , Guo Hanqi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCritical point tracking is a core topic in scientific visualization for understanding the dynamic behaviour of time‐varying vector field data. The topological notion of robustness has been introduced recently to quantify the structural stability of critical points, that is, the robustness of a critical point is the minimum amount of perturbation to the vector field necessary to cancel it. A theoretical basis has been established previously that relates critical point tracking with the notion of robustness, in particular, critical points could be tracked based on their closeness in stability, measured by robustness, instead of just distance proximity within the domain. However, in practice, the computation of classic robustness may produce artifacts when a critical point is close to the boundary of the domain; thus, we do not have a complete picture of the vector field behaviour within its local neighbourhood. To alleviate these issues, we introduce a multilevel robustness framework for the study of 2D time‐varying vector fields. We compute the robustness of critical points across varying neighbourhoods to capture the multiscale nature of the data and to mitigate the boundary effect suffered by the classic robustness computation. We demonstrate via experiments that such a new notion of robustness can be combined seamlessly with existing feature tracking algorithms to improve the visual interpretability of vector fields in terms of feature tracking, selection and comparison for large‐scale scientific simulations. We observe, for the first time, that the minimum multilevel robustness is highly correlated with physical quantities used by domain scientists in studying a real‐world tropical cyclone dataset. Such an observation helps to increase the physical interpretability of robustness.
Influence of arch location and scanning pattern on the scanning accuracy, scanning time, and number of photograms of complete‐arch intraoral digital implant scans
Authors: Gómez‐Polo Miguel , Cascos Rocío , Ortega Rocío , Barmak Abdul B. , Kois John C. , Revilla‐León Marta 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo measure the influence of arch location and scanning pattern on the accuracy, scanning time, and number of photograms of complete‐arch implant scans acquired using an intraoral scanner (IOS).Materials and MethodsA maxillary (maxillary group) and mandibular (mandibular group) model with 6 implant abutments on each cast was digitized using a desktop scanner (control scans). Six subgroups were created based on the scanning pattern used to acquire the scans using an IOS (Trios 4): occluso‐buccal‐lingual (OBL subgroup), occluso‐linguo‐buccal (OLB subgroup), bucco‐linguo‐occlusal (BLO subgroup), linguo‐buccal‐occlusal (LBO subgroup), zigzag (ZZ subgroup), and circumferential (C subgroup). The control scans were used as a reference to measure the discrepancy with the experimental scans calculating the root mean square error. Two‐way ANOVA and the pairwise comparison Tukey tests were used to analyze the data (α = .05).ResultsSignificant discrepancies in trueness (p < .001), precision (p < .001), scanning time (p < .001), and number of photograms (p < .001) were found. The maxillary group obtained poorer trueness and precision values, higher scanning times, and a larger number of photograms than the mandibular group. The C subgroup obtained the best trueness and precision values, but was not significantly different from the OLB, BLO, and LBO subgroups. The ZZ subgroup obtained the worst trueness and precision values (p < .05). The C subgroup obtained the lowest scanning time and number of photograms (p < .05).ConclusionsArch location and scanning pattern influenced scanning accuracy, scanning time, and number of photograms of complete‐arch implant scans.
From the infant to the geriatric patient—Strategies for inhalation therapy in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Hagmeyer Lars , van Koningsbruggen‐Rietschel Silke , Matthes Sandhya , Rietschel Ernst , Randerath Winfried 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInhalation therapy represents the standard of care in children, adolescents as well as in young, middle‐aged and geriatric adults with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, there are only few recommendations for the choice of inhalation devices, which consider both, age‐specific limitations in young and geriatric patients. Transition concepts are lacking. In this narrative review, the available device technologies and the evidence for age‐specific problems are discussed.Pressurized metered‐dose inhalers may be favoured in patients who fulfill all cognitive, coordinative and manual power requirements. Breath‐actuated metered‐dose inhalers, soft‐mist inhalers or the use of add‐on devices such as spacers, face masks and valved holding chambers may be suitable for patients with mild to moderate impairments of these variables. In these cases, available resources of personal assistance by educated family members or caregivers should be used to allow metered‐dose inhaler therapy. Dry powder inhalers may be reserved for patients with a sufficient peak inspiratory flow and good cognitive and manual abilities. Nebulizers may be indicated in persons who are either unwilling or unable to use handheld inhaler devices. After initiation of a specific inhalation therapy, close monitoring is essential to reduce handling mistakes.An algorithm is developed that considers age and relevant comorbidities to support the decision‐making process for the choice of an inhaler device.
Trends in and factors associated with parental provision of alcohol to minors in Western Australia, 2013–2019
Authors: Booth Leon , McCausland Tahnee , Stafford Julia , Kennington Kelly , Pettigrew Simone 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionSome parents provide alcohol to their underage children, despite a range of negative outcomes being associated with this practice. The present study aimed to assess factors associated with and changes in parental provision behaviours from 2013 to 2019 in Western Australia.MethodsAnnual cross‐sectional online surveys were conducted (total n = 2635). Assessed variables included parents' demographic characteristics, alcohol use, awareness of the relevant Australian alcohol guideline, attitudes to parental provision of alcohol and provision behaviours. A binary logistic generalised linear model was used to identify factors associated with parental provision of alcohol.ResultsParental provision of alcohol prevalence decreased from 40% in 2013 to 27% in 2019. The following variables were significantly associated with parental provision: permissive attitudes to provision (β = 2.82); older parental age (β = 1.28); a lack of knowledge of the relevant guideline (β = 0.78); survey year (β = 0.083); and greater alcohol use (β = 1.12). Socioeconomic position was not associated with parental provision. Female parents were more likely to report that an adult in the household provided children with alcohol (β = 1.3)Discussion and ConclusionsThe findings suggest that (i) although still commonplace, parental provision of alcohol to minors in Western Australia has declined over time; and (ii) the effectiveness of campaigns aiming to reduce this behaviour may be enhanced by targeting households with parents who are older and heavier drinkers and by including content that challenges permissive views on alcohol provision to minors.
Adult monarch butterflies show high tolerance to neonicotinoid insecticides
Authors: Prouty Cody , Bartlett Lewis J. , Krischik Vera , Altizer Sonia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Numerous studies have documented the negative effects of neonicotinoids on bees; it remains crucial to examine how neonicotinoids affect other non‐target nectar‐feeding insects, such as the monarch butterfly, Danaus plexippus.
Wildflowers growing near agricultural areas can be contaminated with neonicotinoids that affect survival or cause sublethal changes to behaviours of nectar‐feeding insects. Nectar residues of imidacloprid and clothianidin found in milkweeds and wildflowers adjacent to agricultural field range from 0 to 72.8 ng/mL.
At field‐relevant doses, two neonicotinoids (imidacloprid and clothianidin) were studied for their effects on adult monarch survival, reproduction, flight and behaviour. First, we fed adult monarchs artificial nectar solutions ranging from 15 to 386 ng/mL of imidacloprid and 19 to 531 ng/mL of clothianidin. Neonicotinoid ingestion slightly reduced monarch reproduction but had no significant effects on survival, weight change, or activity levels.
Second, we fed monarchs higher clothianidin doses (909 and 4030 ng/mL), that exceed field‐relevant levels by 22 and 99 times. These higher doses reduced monarch nectar consumption, survival, flight performance and reaction time in response to a drop test.
Results show that adult monarchs tolerate field‐relevant doses as high as 54 ng/mL for imidacloprid and 75 ng/mL for clothianidin, with minimal lethal or sub‐lethal effects until much higher doses are supplied. We conclude that adult monarchs are more tolerant of ingested clothianidin and imidacloprid than indicated by previous research.
The relationship of separation anxiety with the age of onset of panic disorder
Authors: Pini Stefano , Milrod Barbara , Baldwin David S. , Schiele Miriam A. , Massimetti Gabriele , Costa Barbara , Martini Claudia , Bandelow Borwin , Domschke Katharina , Abelli Marianna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate whether separation anxiety (SA) constitutes a dimension related to age at onset of panic disorder (PD), in homogeneous subgroups of outpatients with PD, based on their age of onset and symptom severity.MethodsA sample of 232 outpatients with PD was assessed with the Panic Disorder Severity Scale (PDSS) and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) for functional impairments. Separation anxiety was evaluated using structured interviews and questionnaires. We applied a K‐Means Cluster Analysis based on the standardized “PD age of onset” and “the PDSS total score” to identify distinct but homogeneous groups.ResultsWe identified three groups of patients: group 1 (“PD early onset/severe”, N = 97, 42%, onset 23.2 ± 6.7 years), group 2 (“PD early onset/not severe”, N = 76, 33%, onset 23.4 ± 6.0 years) and group 3 (“PD adult onset/not severe”, N = 59, 25%, onset 42.8 ± 7.0 years). Patients with early onset/severe PD had significantly higher scores on all SA measures than PD late‐onset/not severe. Regression analyses showed that SA scores, but not PDSS scores, were predictive of impairment in SDS work/school, social life, and family functioning domains.ConclusionsOur data indicate a significant relationship between SA and PD with an earlier age of onset and an impact on individual functioning. This may have important implications for implementing preventive interventions targeting early risk factors for the subsequent onset of PD.
Clinical and radiological description of 120 pediatric stroke‐like episodes
Authors: Durrleman Chloe , Grevent David , Aubart Melodie , Kossorotoff Manoelle , Roux Charles‐Joris , Kaminska Anna , Rio Marlene , Barcia Giulia , Boddaert Nathalie , Munnich Arnold , Nabbout Rima , Desguerre Isabelle 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeStroke‐like episodes (SLEs) are defined as acute onset of neurological symptoms mimicking a stroke and radiological lesions non‐congruent to vascular territory. We aimed to analyze the acute clinical and radiological features of SLEs to determine their pathophysiology.MethodsWe performed a monocenter retrospective analysis of 120 SLEs in 60 children over a 20‐year period. Inclusion criteria were compatible clinical symptoms and stroke‐like lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; performed for all 120 events) with focal hyperintensity on diffusion‐weighted imaging in a non‐vascular territory.ResultsThree groups were identified: children with mitochondrial diseases (n = 22) involving mitochondrial DNA mutations (55%) or nuclear DNA mutations (45%); those with other metabolic diseases or epilepsy disorders (n = 22); and those in whom no etiology was found despite extensive investigations (n = 16). Age at first SLE was younger in the group with metabolic or epilepsy disorders (18 months vs. 128 months; p < 0.0001) and an infectious trigger was more frequent (69% vs. 20%; p = 0.0001). Seizures occurred in 75% of episodes, revealing 50% episodes of SLEs and mainly leading to status epilepticus (90%). Of the 120 MRI scans confirming the diagnosis, 28 were performed within a short and strict 48‐h period and were further analyzed to better understand the underlying mechanisms. The scans showed primary cortical hyperintensity (n = 28/28) with decreased apparent diffusion coefficient in 52% of cases. Systematic hyperperfusion was found on spin labeling sequences when available (n = 18/18).ConclusionClinical and radiological results support the existence of a vicious circle based on two main mechanisms: energy deficit and neuronal hyperexcitability at the origin of SLE.
Diagnosis and management of accelerated idioventricular rhythms in horses
Authors: Williams Louie Elizabeth , Mitchell Katharyn J. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryAccelerated idioventricular rhythms (AIVR) are increasingly diagnosed in horses, particularly in those with underlying systemic disease. Recognition of these abnormal rhythms is important but specific treatment is often not necessary unless the rhythms become haemodynamically relevant, with AIVR often resolving as the systemic disease improves. The goals of treatment, when indicated, include improving cardiac output, decreasing systemic and myocardial inflammation (if present) and controlling the ventricular rate and rhythm. Identification of any persistent myocardial damage or arrhythmia burden will be important for the prognosis and risk assessment of these patients in the longer term.