bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Social Reward on Cooperative Behaviour in Teams: An Experimental Research
Authors: 王 艳梅 , 田 淼 , 程 畅 , 刘 鑫宇 , 丁 爱贤 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study explores the process of the influence of social reward on cooperation at the individual level. Firstly, according to self- and reward-processing theories of neuropsychology, we follow the idea of ‘stimuli-psychological process-behavioural response’ to clarify the stimuli of social reward on individuals. In addition, we analyse the psychological process of individual self-processing and reward processing triggered by external stimuli. We also deduce the theoretical framework of the impact of social reward on individual cooperative behaviour under this psychological process. Secondly, we infer the influence mode and effect of social reward from individuals’ possible reactions under this psychological process. Finally, we design a team cooperation environment using the public goods game experiment, where members can observe and impose rewards on each other. We also restore the occurrence process of social reward in the laboratory by obtaining real and dynamic interactive data of subjects to test the theoretical framework and research hypotheses proposed in this study.
Repairment of head soft-tissue defect after electrical injury with free ALTP flap
Authors: Tang Xincheng , Li Jiayu , Huang Tianyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of free ALTP flap in the repairment of the large head soft-tissue defect after electric shock injury.
Methods: In this study, 25 patients underwent the reconstruction to repair the defect of the head by ALTP, including 18 males and 7 females (mean age:43 years; ranged 20 to 53 years). The etiologies of all patients were electric shock. The location of the defects involved 11 occipitalia,6 tempus,3 forehead and 5 crown, while the dimension of the defects ranged 7*5 to 21*10 cm2(mean 18.5*9.5 cm2).
Results: 25 patients were successfully treated by ALTP. Reconstructions were performed at the second stage in all cases, and all flaps survived completely. The donor sites were closed primarily in nearly all cases with an exception of 5 cases, which were covered with skin-grafting. The Pain Score was from 0 to 45 points with an average of 20 points. The score of Vancouver Scar Scale of donor sites was from 2 to 5 points with an average of 3.4 points. All flaps were followed-up for an average of 16 months (ranged from 6 to 24 months). No significant effect on quadriceps muscle strength and knee movement. Most cases showed satisfactory outcomes.
Conclusion: The use of free ALTP for the repairment of large head defects after electroshock injury is worthy of clinical promotion and application because of its strong resistance to infection, high repair fit and rapid postoperative recovery.
Study of material separation mechanisms under cryogenic cooling
Authors: Breidenstein Bernd , Bergmann Benjamin , Puls Lennart 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The combination of highly heat-conducting cubic boron nitride (cBN) grains in a bronze-bonded grinding wheel with the cryogenic temperatures of a gaseous carbon dioxide cooling has the potential to greatly reduce the thermal load during the grinding process. This decreases the risk of thermal damage or heat-induced property changes in the workpiece. In this study, the influence of this combination on the material separation while grinding 20MnCrS5 steel is investigated using a quick-stop device, compared to a conventional oil-based cooling. The contact zone analysis shows primarily grooving grain tracks while grinding with oil cooling. However, under the influence of cryogenic cooling, mostly grain tracks from plowing grains were found in the contact area as a result of the increased friction between the grains and the workpiece material. This shows that material separation with cryogenic cooling is more efficient compared to the oil-cooled process.
The impacts of accreditation for medical schools: A scoping review
Authors: Girotto Leticia Cabrini , Machado Karynne B. , Moreira Roberta F. C. , Martins Milton A. , Tempski Patrícia Z. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective: This scoping review aimed to identify, systematically evaluate, and summarize information regarding the impact of the accreditation process on medical schools around the world.
Method: Up to October 2021, researchers conducted a systematic review in databases including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Lilacs, Scopus and ERIC, Cochrane Library, Grey Literature and Open Grey to identify studies that aimed to assess the impact of the accreditation process as perceived by stakeholders from medical schools. Two independent reviewers performed the selection process and extracted data from the included studies to perform a qualitative analysis.
Results: This review identified 4,280 references, and 14 studies from six countries were included for data extraction. As an impact of the accreditation process, the studies highlighted the implementation of the information management system, reorganization of the school curriculum, restructuring of internal processes and the preparation process for receiving a second visit from evaluators after receiving feedback in the first visit. Continuous Quality Improvement was mentioned in eight studies as a positive impact of accreditation. Two studies discussed negative aspects, such as the accreditation agency not being specific to medical courses, dissatisfaction with the accreditation process, high financial and human resources demands, stress and a perception of the process as a “burden” for the school.
Conclusion: The accreditation process has positive aspects (stakeholder satisfaction, student performance, changes in cultural organization and continuous quality improvement) and negative aspects (costs, time and staff effort and stress). The establishment of a dialogic accreditation process that is meaningful to the school could minimize negative aspects. Thus, the role of accreditation in improving the quality of medical education and, consequently, of the health care provided, could be affirmed. It is recommended that experiences with accreditation should be shared and reported to increase improvement in the quality of medical education worldwide.
Ecofriendly Camouflage Textiles with Natural Sand-based Silicon Dioxide against Simultaneous Combat Backgrounds of Woodland, Desertland, Rockland, Concreteland and Water/Marine
Authors: Hossain Md. Anowar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Natural sand-based silicon dioxide (NSSD) is a common material of multidimensional combat backgrounds (CBs) such as dry leaves/wood, green leaves, tree bark-woodland CB; water-marine CB; sand-desertland CB; rock-rockland CB and concrete-concreteland CB. NSSD was coated, printed and padded on polyamide-6,6 (PA-6,6) and cotton fabric for design of camouflage textiles. The camouflage properties of coated, printed and padded fabric in visible (Vis) wavelength, 400-700 nm were investigated by International Commission on Illumination (CIE)-color value (L*, a*, b*), Kubelka-Munk (K-M) reflection, reflection (%) and color rendering techniques of color measurement spectrophotometer. The structural properties versus electron imaging were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Field trialling of NSSD treated camouflage textiles was investigated by Vis imaging under natural illumination, sunlight. The adaptive properties for CIE-chromatic appearance (red, green, blue, L*, a*, b*) and grey value (0-255) of NSSD formulated fabric were analyzed by ImageJ software. This optical assessment of ecofriendly approach of NSSD-camouflage material relates to camouflage signature management for defence threat protection against five-dimensional combat background such as desertland, woodland, rockland, concreteland and water/marine.
Effect of Moringa Leaf Powder Supplementation on Growth Performance and Intestinal Morphology of Broiler Chickens as a Basis for Toxicity Testing in Chicken Embryos
Authors: Mafruchati* Maslichah , Ismail Wan Iryani Wan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Off-label usage of antibiotics in chicken feed endangers public health, hence alternatives are required. Moringa oleifera is a phytobiotic with antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects. The purpose of this study was analyze the MOLP administration for toxicity testing in chicken embryos. Each treatment used 5 broiler chickens and given MOLP, on day 35, bursa of Fabricius, caecal tonsils, jejunum, ileum, and duodenum samples were collected from two birds per replicate. Tissue samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin or PAS, the predominant dye being alcian blue. MOLP supplementation showed no effect on bursa weight, or the number of intra-epithelial lymphocytes (IEL). One and a half percent MOLP was fed to the birds.
Effects of compaction coefficients on microscopic pore structures and fractal properties of soft clay and freeze- thawed soft clay
Authors: Zhang Meng-Ya , Zhang Jian , Yang Li-Dong , Liu Hong-Yi , Sun Miao-Miao , Huang Xin , Huang Zhang-Gong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
For subway connection channel projects built in coastal areas, freeze-thaw and compaction are two key factors that change the soil microstructure and affect engineering safety. Therefore, understanding the variation law of the microscopic pore structure of soft clay and freeze-thawed soft clay is crucial to the design and prediction of the serviceability of subway infrastructures. Considering this, to understand the effects of freeze-thaw and compaction coefficient on microscopic pore structures and fractal characteristics, a series of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests were performed on soft clay and freeze-thawed soft clay under different compaction coefficients. Based on the experimental data, a fractal theory was proposed to describe the fractal characteristics of the tested materials. Moreover, the effect of curing agents on the microscopic pore structure of soft clay was studied by adding two curing agents to the soft clay. The experimental results showed that compaction coefficients had a significant effect on the pore size distribution (PSD) of soft clay and freeze-thawed soft clay. As the compaction coefficient increased, the proportion of large pores decreased significantly, and the proportion of small and medium pores increased. Moreover, the compaction coefficient was found to have a significant effect on the fractal dimension (D) of soft clay and freeze-thawed soft clay whereby increases in compaction coefficients led to a trend of increased D and heterogeneity within soft clay and freeze-thawed soft clay. With the development of freezing front and the formation of ice lens, the pore structure of soft clay and the connection between soil particles are destroyed. The microscopic pore characteristics of the soil samples with an added solidifying agent were characterized by a significant increase in the number of small pores and a decrease in the number of large pores. This research can provide theoretical guidance for the construction of subway connection channel engineering projects.
Efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA Treatment in Episodic Migraine
Authors: Al-Hashel Jasem , Alroughani Raed , Almojel Malak , Ahmed Samar Farouk 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundOnabotulinumtoxinA (BoNT-A) is approved as a prophylactic treatment of chronic migraine (CM) only. The aim was to assess the efficacy and safety of BoNT-A in the treatment of episodic migraine(EM).MethodsThis is a longitudinal observational study describes the efficacy and safety of BoNT-A in adult patients with EM. The study included patients with a diagnosis of migraine (with and without aura) according to the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3), aged 18–65 years, and completed one year treatment with BoNT-A. Patients received 4 BoNT-A treatment approximately every 12 weeks guided by the PREEMPT injection paradigm. Patient’s headache was assessed by headache dairy at baseline, before every injection at months 4, 8 and at one year following BoNT-A injection. Migraine Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ) and work productivity were collected at baseline and in their last visit. Adverse events (AEs) were observed to assess the safety of BoNT-A.ResultsThe study recruited 210 patients with EM under BoNT-A treatment. Mean age was 45.04 ± 8.92 years and females presented 183 patients (87.1%). Between baseline and the final visit, there were a significant reduction in migraine days and analgesic consumption days (9.54 ± 1.70 versus 4.58 ± 2.77,P < 0.001 ), (8.47 ± 1.49 versus 2.98 ± 0.21,P < 0.001 ) days respectively. After BoNT-A treatment, there were significant reduction in headache severity (8.37 ± 0.72versus 2.54 ± 0.18,P < 0.001 ), 51.4% reduction in migraine days by 50% after 4 BoNT-A treatment cycles. Treatment with BoNT-A significantly improved the MSQ scores at last visit versus baseline visit. For MSQ Role Function- Restrictive (51.55 ± 29.12 vs.26.89 ± 17.42 (; P < 0.001, MSQ Role Function-Preventive( 56.07 ± 24.73 vs. 30.64 ± 15.25;P < 0.001), and for MSQ Emotional Function (76.47 ± 115.29 vs. 35.12 ± 20.83;P < 0.001). BoNT-A improved the work productivity (4.63 ± 2.39 versus 6.26 ± 2.04;P < 0.001) and reduced the mean number of hours missed from work and daily activities over a 7-day period 4.63 ± 2.39 versus 6.26 ± 2.04,P < 0.001; (2.24 ± 3.30 versus 3.94 ± 3.45,;P < 0.001). 54 patients (14.4%) experienced mild and short-lasting AEs. The most common treatment related adverse event was eyelid ptosis 12 patients (5.7%).ConclusionsBoNT-A is an effective and well tolerated therapy in the prophylaxis of EM. It improved MSQ and WPAI in our cohort. No new safety signals were identified.
Construction and validation of a tool for measuring the needs of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) diagnosed with cancer: the QUestionnaire nEEd Cancer AYAs : QUEEC-AYAs
Authors: Justafré S. , Marino P. , Touzani R. , Dupeyre-Alvarez F. , Dantin P. , Viens P. , Vey N. , Calvin S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Context: In France, 2300 adolescents and young adults (AYAs, 16-25 years old) are diagnosed with cancer each year. As soon as the disease is diagnosed, a number of physical, psychological and social needs may arise. The aim of this study is to develop a tool to measure unmet needs that will allow the specificities of AYAs to be understood while allowing health care staff to mobilise the necessary actors to resolve them.
Methods: We developed the Questionnaire nEEd Cancer AYAs (QUEEC-AYAs questionnaire), from two existing questionnaires: the Cancer Needs Questionnaire Young People and the Needs Assessment & Service Bridge. A main sample of 103 AYAs then received and completed the questionnaire in order to conduct an exploratory factor analysis.
Results: The final structure of the QUEEC-AYAs is composed of 7 dimensions and 48 items: information (8 items), cancer care team (6 items), Physical health (4 items), Emotional health (14 items), Sexual & reproductive health (6 items), Health behaviors & wellness (4 items), Daily life (6 items). The questionnaire has a good acceptability and all domains have a Cronbach's alphas value above 0.80.
Conclusion: The QUEEC-AYAs is the first measure of the psychosocial needs of AYAs available in French. Its systematic use in health care services should improve the coordination of care required by AYAs during and after treatment.
Trial registration: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Paoli-Calmettes Institute (IRB # IPC 2021-041, 2021 May 20).
A Rapid method of analysis of insulating Oil through non-destructive Spectroscopic techniques
Authors: Khan Salahuddin , Aslam Zaheer , Aslam Umair , Ashraf Muhammad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Transformers are the most important component of the power system. Failure in the transformer can cause a big financial loss, so a timely inspection of the transformer is necessary. The service life of a transformer can be determined from the condition of the insulating oil by estimating carbonyl and aromaticity indices. In this research, the condition of insulating oil was evaluated through a rapid, non-destructive technique using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet and visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopies. The aging of the oil was performed in the presence of an insulating paper in an oven at 130°C for different residence time (48–192h), and the oil was examined using FTIR and UV-Vis after every 48h. The carbonyl and aromaticity indices were calculated from the area under the curves in FTIR at a specific wavenumber range between 1700–1600 cm− 1 which reflects the deterioration of the insulating oil. Further, the UV-Vis spectrum intensity between 200–400 nm was used to qualitatively analyze the quality of the insulating oil. Therefore, it can be concluded that these non-destructive techniques are rapid, inexpensive, and also carry a lot of information as compared to the traditional method which can help in deciding the state of the oil.
Quantifying the Correlation Between the Neutron Multiplication Factor and the Spatial Arrangement of Spent Fuel Casks in a Spent Fuel Storage Facility
Authors: Leotlela Mosebetsi J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The effective neutron multiplication factor (keff) of a fissile system is a function of space and time f(x,y,z,t), where (x,y,z) are the coordinates of the reference point in space and t is time. Scientific proof of the time-dependence of the neutron multiplication factor of a fissile system was published in 2017 [1]); as such, this research will focus on determining the spatial dependence of the neutron multiplication factor of a fissile system using spent fuel casks.
Active Intrusion Detection &amp; Prediction based on Temporal Big Data Analytics
Authors: Jemili Farah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Computer security consists in protecting access and manipulating system data by several mechanisms. However, conventional protection technologies are ineffective against current attacks. Thus, new tools have appeared, such as the intrusion detection and prediction systems which are important defense elements for network security since they detect the ongoing intrusions and predict the upcoming attacks. Besides, most of conventional protection technologies remain insufficient in terms of actions since they are all passive systems, unable to provide recommendations in order to block or stop the attacks. In this paper, a distributed detection and prediction system, composed of three major parts, is proposed. The first part deals with the detection of intrusions based on the decision tree learning algorithm. The second part deals with intrusions prediction using the chronicle algorithm. The third part proposes an expert system for security recommendations in response to detected intrusions, able to provide appropriate recommendations to stop the attacks. The proposed system gives good results in terms of accuracy and precision in detecting and predicting attacks, and efficiency in proposing the right recommendations to stop the attacks.
Who pays for growth?
Authors: Pani Narendar , Banerjee Debosree 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the debate on inequality and growth there is a tendency to treat all differences as inequalities. This is despite the possibility of making conflicting arguments about the effect of inequality on growth. It could be argued that inequality, by increasing the savings of the rich, can improve the possibility of greater investment and growth, even as inequality, by reducing access of sections of the population to education, can reduce productivity and growth. These contradictory effects can offset each other thereby distorting estimates of the effects of inequality and growth. This paper makes a case for a more disaggregated approach to the issue. It distinguishes between inequality and aspirational difference, before going on to use the case of savings and consumption patterns in India to explore the very different questions involved in each of their influences on growth.
Optimal strategy of mean-field FBSDE games with delay and noisy memory based on Malliavin calculus
Authors: Ke Ang , Wu Jinbiao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

In this paper, we study a nonzero-sum stochastic differential game for a system whose dynamics is governed by a mean-field forward-backward stochastic differential equation (MF-FBSDE) with delay and noisy memory. We transform the stochastic game into a set of stochastic optimal control problems. By applying Variational method and using Malliavin calculus, we establish the sufficient and necessary maximum principles of controls, so that all players are in Nash equilibrium in the game. Based on this, the optimal strategy for solving this kind of stochastic differential game problem is provided. We apply the result to finance, and consider the optimal consumption model in a financial market with delay and noisy memory that maximizes the recursive utility of each player in the Nash equilibrium. The numerical results illustrate the influences of mean-field, delay and noisy memory on the optimal recursive utilities of the players in the game. In addition, we give the proof of the existence and uniqueness of the solution of this new type of MF-FBSDE system under certain assumptions, and discuss the solution of its adjoint FBSDE system involving Malliavin derivatives.
Formulation and evaluation of peel-off gel mask with St. John's Wort oil and activated carbon from pinecone
Authors: Yağmur Hatice Karaer , Kaya İsmet , Özer Hatice Kübra 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective Skin needs care to protect against environmental pollution. The facial skin can be protected such as cream, peel off mask and lotion facemask. This study aim is to develop the antibacterial peel-off mask gel containing St. John's Wort Oil (Hypericum perforatum oil).Methods This peel-off gel mask consists of ascorbic acid, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, as preservative), polyethylene glycol (peg), glycrine (as plasticizer), polysorbate (tween twenty, as stabilizer), ethanol and distilled water with the addition of St. John's Wort Oil and active carbon. The peel-off physical properties (homogeneity, spreadability, viscosity, film-drying time), chemical properties (pH value, stability and antibacterial activity properties) were examined. Using of an active ingredient in peel off mask, it strengthens the role of peel off mask by opening the clogged pores. Activated carbon was added to this formulation as an active ingredient due to its adsorbent activity. In this present study, activated carbon was obtained from pinecone.Results The specific surface area (SBET) of activated carbon was found to be 536.998 m²/g. The antimicrobial activity of the St. John's Wort Oil was tested against Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) as well as one pathogenic fungus (Candida albicans, ATCC 10231). Disc diffusion method was used to study antimicrobial activity.Conclusion The prepared peel of mask showed a good peeling feature without causing edema or irritation on the skin and that it can increase skin cleansing by removing the dirt in the skin pores.