bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex-Based Differences in Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes Among Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: De Matteis Giuseppe , Biscetti Federico , Polla Davide Antonio Della , Serra Amato , Burzo Maria Livia , Fuorlo Mariella , Nicolazzi Maria Anna , Novelli Angela , Santoliquido Angelo , Gambassi Giovanni , Gasbarrini Antonio , Flex Andrea , Franceschi Francesco , Covino Marcello 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a prevalent medical condition associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. Despite the high clinical burden, sex-based differences among PAD patients are not well defined yet, in contrast to other atherosclerotic diseases.
This study aimed to describe sex-based differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes among hospitalized patients affected by PAD.
This was a retrospective study evaluating all patients with a diagnosis of PAD admitted to the Emergency Department. The primary endpoint of the study was the difference between male and female PAD patients in cumulative occurrence of a Major Acute Cardiovascular Event (MACE) and of a Major Acute Limb Events (MALE).
A total of 1640 patients were enrolled. Among them, 1103 (67,3%) were males while females were significantly older (median age of 75 years vs 71 years). Females underwent more angioplasty treatments for revascularization than men (29.8% vs 25.6%); males were treated mostly with amputations (19.9 % vs 15.3%). Although MALE and MACE events were more commonly reported in the male group, there was not a statistically significant gender related-difference (OR 1.27 [0.99 – 1.64]; p=0.059) (OR 0.75 [0.50 – 1.11] p=0.153). However, despite lower extremity PAD severity seeming similar between the two sexes, among these patients males had a higher probability of undergoing lower limb amputations, of cardiovascular death and of myocardial infarction.
Among hospitalized patients affected by PAD, even if there was not a sex-based significant difference in the incidence of MALE and MACE, adverse clinical outcomes were more common in males.
Stress-induced Worsening Diastolic Function in Patients with Coronary Slow Flow: A Study from G-SPECT Imaging
Authors: Wang Su , Meng Jing Jing , Wang Qian , Cheng Yu Tong , Krittanawong Chayakrit , El-Am Edward A. , Chaaya Rody G. Bou , Zhang Xiao Li , Sun Tao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Gated 99m Tc-sestamibi myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (G-SPECT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that offers accurate evaluation of myocardial perfusion and resting left ventricular diastolic function in patients with coronary slow flow (CSF). However, it’s uses to estimate the diastolic function during stress is still not well determined.Objective To evaluate the left ventricular diastolic function at rest and during stress in CSF patients using G-SPECT and to determine the association between the clinical variables and the rest-stress changes in diastolic function.Methods We identified 18 angiographically proven CSF patients (56 ± 8.9 years, 12 male), from January 2017 through October 2018, who underwent a 2-day 99mTc-t sestamibi adenosine/exercise stress test along with rest protocols. The cardiac diastolic function parameters, including peak filling rate (PFR), time to peak filling (TTPF), and peak filling rate normalized to EDV (end diastolic volume) (PFR/EDV) were obtained using G‑SPECT. Then, the association between the diastolic function parameter changes (Δ stress-rest) and cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed.Results Compared with rest, summed stress scores were significantly higher (P = 0.01). TTPF, PFR, and PFR adjusted by EDV(PFR/EDV) alone showed no significant difference between rest and stress as diastolic dysfunction was present in both states. There was progressive decrease in TTPF, PFR and PFR/EDV with stress. In stepwise regression model, total cholesterol was significantly associated with the difference of summed scores (ΔStress-Rest) (β = 0.518, P = 0.028). In the same model, uric acid was found inversely associated with the difference in TTPF (ΔStress-Rest) and PFR/EDV (ΔStress-Rest) (β= -0.516, P = 0.028 and β= -0.560, P = 0.015, respectively).Conclusion Uric acid is significantly associated with the diastolic function worsening during stress in CSF patients. It may be a potential predictor and possible therapeutic target to attenuate the early diastolic function deterioration in these patients.
Intrahepatic Macrophage Reprogramming Associated with Lipid Metabolism in Hepatitis B Virus-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure
Authors: Peng Bo , Li Hao , Liu Kai , Zhang Pengpeng , Zhuang Quan , Li Junhui , Yang Min , Cheng Ke , Ming Yingzi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe syndrome with high short-term mortality, but the pathophysiology still remains largely unknown. Immune dysregulation and metabolic disorders contribute to the progression of ACLF, but the crosstalk between immunity and metabolism during ACLF is less understood. This study aims to depict the immune microenvironment in the liver during ACLF, and explore the role of lipid metabolic disorder on immunity.Methods Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed using the liver non-parenchymal cells (NPCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy controls, cirrhosis patients and ACLF patients. A series of inflammation-related cytokines and chemokines were detected using liver and plasma samples. The lipid metabolomics targeted free fatty acids (FFAs) in the liver was also detected.Results The scRNA-seq analysis of liver NPCs showed a significant increase of monocytes/macrophages (Mono/Mac) infiltration in ACLF livers, whereas the resident Kupffer cells (KCs) were exhausted. A characterized TREM2+ Mono/Mac subpopulation was identified in ACLF, and showed immunosuppressive function. Combined with the scRNA-seq data from PBMCs, the pseudotime analysis revealed that the TREM2+ Mono/Mac were differentiated from the peripheral monocytes and correlated with lipid metabolism-related genes including APOE, APOC1, FABP5 and TREM2. The targeted lipid metabolomics proved the accumulation of unsaturated FFAs associated with α-linolenic acid (α-LA) and α-LA metabolism and beta oxidation of very long chain fatty acids in the ACLF livers, indicating that unsaturated FFAs might promote the differentiation of TREM2+ Mono/Mac during ACLF.Conclusions The reprogramming of macrophages was found in the liver during ACLF. The immunosuppressive TREM2+ macrophages were enriched in the ACLF liver and contributed to the immunosuppressive hepatic microenvironment. The accumulation of unsaturated FFAs in the ACLF liver promoted the reprogramming of the macrophages. It might be a potential target to improve the immune deficiency of ACLF patients through regulating lipid metabolism.
Regional Frequency Analysis of Drought Indexes by L-Moments Method
Authors: Aktürk Gaye , Çıtakoğlu Hatice , Demir Vahdettin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Drought has been experienced frequently in Turkey in the last two decades as the effects of withdrawn water resources become more evident. Drought; causes problems for planners and managers. For this reason, in order to provide an accurate framework for sustainable water resources management, it is necessary to investigate the characteristics of drought events and to estimate the return periods of the drought with the help the regional frequency analysis. In this study, firstly, the characteristics of meteorological droughts in the Kızılırmak Basin which has semi-arid climate characteristics, were determined by using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Z-Score Index (ZSI), China-Z Index (CZI) and Modified China-Z Index (MCZI) as a measure of drought severity and also the applicability and performance of the selected indices to the basin were investigated. Secondly, regional frequency analysis was performed by using L-moment methods for the maximum drought severity values obtained for each year as a result of the application of the four drought indices on a 12-month time scale. According to the results of the meteorological drought analysis of the four drought indices, it was noted that the most severe and long-lasting droughts occurred mainly in the 2000s, the drought severity values increased as the return period increased and also the drought severity values obtained by MCZI method give the extraordinary results than other indices. Thus, it has been seen that the MCZI method is generally not suitable for use in the basin. According to the results of regional frequency analysis, Kızılırmak Basin, which is H1<1, was determined as acceptable homogeneous for all four indices according to the Hosking and Wallis homogeneity test. For each index, the optimum regional distribution function was investigated and Pearson type‒III distribution for SPI and ZSI; distribution of general extreme values for CZI; for MCZI, the generalized logistic distribution was determined as the most appropriate distribution. As a result of the index-flood frequency analysis calculated by using the most appropriate distribution, regional drought severity maps were created for the study area with the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) Method for the return periods between 5 years and 1000 years. Using the maps obtained, it is feasible to predict the drought probability of any point in the basin that does not have adequate data for hydrological investigations.
ICGA combined with EP monitoring in microclipping of cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Yin Bokai , Chen Xinjun , Chen Jincao , Zhao Wenyuan , Li Zhengwei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective Cerebral aneurysm is one of the common cerebrovascular diseases in neurosurgery, and rupture of cerebral aneurysm is the most important cause of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage. How to precisely clip the aneurysm has been a topic worth discussing, so the authors explore the value of ICGA combined with electrophysiological monitoring in microclipping of cerebral aneurysms.Methods Using the method of retrospective analysis of cases, 661 patients with cerebral aneurysms admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of Wuhan University Central South Hospital from 2021.8 to 2022.10 were studied, 390 patients with aneurysm clipping were included, and patients with Hunt-Hess classification ≥ 4 were excluded, and whether to use ICGA combined with EP in microclipping of the ruptured and unruptured aneurysm in pterional approach was investigated at the time of discharge, respectively. The MRS and total hospital days were compared to investigate the value of ICGA combined with EP in microclipping of cerebral aneurysms.Results All 390 patients enrolled in the group had successful aneurysm clipping, and 178 patients were screened for ruptured aneurysm pterional approach and 120 patients for unruptured aneurysm pterional approachwing point access; the MRS at discharge was significantly lower in the ICGA combined with EP group than in the no EP group for ruptured aneurysm pterional approach microclipping (p < 0.001), and the mean number of days in hospital was significantly lower (p < 0.01). Patients in the ICGA combined with EP group in microclipping of unruptured aneurysms with pterional approach also had significantly lower MRS at discharge compared with patients in the ICGA alone group (p < 0.001), with no statistically significant difference in the mean number of days in hospital (p = 0.09).Conclusions In open cerebral aneurysm microclipping, the use of ICGA combined with EP monitoring for both ruptured and unruptured aneurysms significantly reduces the rate of misclipping of the penetrating vessels, avoids stenosis or occlusion of the aneurysm-carrying artery, effectively reduces the rate of false negative ICGA, reduces the occurrence of postoperative neurological deficits, and shortens the total hospital stay to some extent. The combination of ICGA and EP monitoring in cerebral aneurysm microclipping is worth promoting.
Genesis and controlling factors of Cenozoic dolostones in the South China Sea: A case study from core Nanke-1 in the Nansha Islands
Authors: Zhou Mo , Wu Feng , Xie Xinong , Yan Wen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The "dolomite problem", the origin of dolomite in natural environment, remains controversial after being a topic of debate in geology for more than two century. In the South China Sea (SCS), the dolostone widely occurs in the Cenozoic reef-bearing successions. Based on mineralogical and geochemical data from the Nanke-1 core at Meiji Reef, Nansha Islands, the processes of dolomitization and its associated diagenesis are investigated in this study. The Neogene dolomites in the Nanke-1 core exist in two forms: microsucrosic and mimetic dolomites. Microsucrosic dolomite is commonly characterized by high calcium content (HCD) and shows the larger crystal size with partial iron stains. In contrast, the mol% Ca content is more depeleted in the mimetic fabric with the smaller size of rhombs. The Upper Miocene dolostone is dominantly composed of thick-layered microsucrosic dolomite, while the Pliocene dolostone is mainly composed of mimetic dolomite. The discrepancy of petrographic occurrence between two types of dolomite rhombs is most attributed to the porosity and Mg/Ca ratio of the parent dolomitizing fluid. During the Late Miocene, the global sea level was generally low, and the platform top was flooded mainly during the highstands, allowing the formation of coarse sediments with abundant primary pores in the shallow-water setting. These platform top carbonates were exposed and experienced meteoric dissolutions during the subsequent sea level falls, favoring the development of secondary pores. The above processes may cause the Upper Miocene strata porous. The higher porosity in the Upper Miocene stratum facilitated more extensive diagenetic alteration, leading to the production of microsucrosic dolomite. In contrast, during the Pliocene, the rising sea-level and the resultant fine-grain sediments may provide a relatively restricted diagenetic environment which produces the mimetic fabric in the dolostone. The gradual rise in seawater Mg/Ca ratio from the Late Miocene to the Pliocene led to the preferential formation of HCD in the Upper Miocene stratum. Additionally, the development of Neogene dolostone in the SCS was synchronous with the dolomitization events elsewhere, which hints that these dolostones could be controlled by similar triggers. The dolomitization mechanisms at core Nanke-1 discussed herein can benefit further explanation for the Cenozoic dolomitization events in other regions worldwide.
Generalization of dynamic Hilbert-Pachpatte inequality via Taylor formula on time scale
Authors: El-Owaidy Hassan M. , Mohamed Karim A. , El-Deeb Ahmed A. , Rezk H. M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It is our purpose of this paper to obtain an extension of integral inequality of Hilbert-type on time scales. Our results will be proved by using some algebraic inequalities, Taylor's theorem, Young's inequality, Hölder's inequality, and integration by parts on time scales.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020): 26A15, 26D10, 26D15, 39A13, 34A40, 34N05.
Ecological Niche Modelling and Density of Sings as Conservation Tools of Taxidea Taxus Berlandieri in Central – Northern Mexico
Authors: Palacio-Núñez Jorge , Martínez-Calderas Jesús Manuel , Rössel-Ramírez David Walter , Martínez-Montoya Juan Felipe , Clemente-Sánchez Fernando , Olmos-Oropeza Genaro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The American badger o tlalcoyote (Taxidea taxus berlandieri) is a subspecies inhabits in north-central Mexico; its population and conservation status are unknown and there is no precise information about its habitat. The objectives of our study were to model the ecological niche suitability for T. t. berlandieri, to estimate the population density by signs km-2 and to identify the habitat variables that contribute to their occurrence in north-central Mexico. We modeled ecological niche using MaxEnt and KUENM, with 13 predictor variables, and 43 occurrence records obtained from 177 sites sampled between the total or partial extension of nine physiographic subprovinces; on 5 states in the north-central region of Mexico. Our model showed a high suitability probability (P > 0.75) in Llanuras y Sierras Postosino - Zacatecanas, Sierras Transversales and Sierras y Lomeríos de Aldama y Río Grande; in parts of the states of Durango, San Luis Potosí, and Zacatecas. The variables with the highest contribution to occurrence probability were slope (plains and plateaus), topography (from flat to undulating), and types of vegetation (dominated by scrub). With the records, we estimated an average density of 0.019 signs km-2 for tlalcoyote in the total extension of the study area. According to our findings, it is possible that the population status of T. t. berlandieri, as a subspecies, is below desirable density levels and its suitable ecological niche its limited. Therefore, we argued to focus more studies on conservation for this subspecies, using these results as basis for delimiting its distribution area.
A computational study of two promising tweezers
Authors: Sayaheen Mohammad , Otero Nicolás , Peña-Gallego Angeles 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A DFT study was carried out to explore the properties of two nonplanar π-conjugated systems that share dibenzo[a,e]-cyclooctatetraene (DBCOT) as a fundamental element. These systems were presented as molecules with potential use as tweezers and in optoelectronic applications due to their expected nonlinear optical (NLO) effects. Structure optimizations, TD-DFT calculations, and molecular orbitals and topological analysis were performed for both structures with and without the Na cation. This alkali cation was used as a model to investigate the potential of these molecules as tweezers. The results show a V-shaped structure as a minimum in the ground state for both molecules. This angular structure can trap the Na cation very effectively, especially for one of the cases. In addition, the present analysis opens new studies to explore the use of these systems as tweezers of other cations, anions or aromatic molecules that may exhibit π-stacking. The analysis of the molecular orbitals involved in the main electronic transitions allows us to propose that these systems will have interesting optical properties, proposing the inclusion of functional groups to modulate the optical respònse.
Analyzing the extracellular matrix-dominated immune landscape of high-grade serous ovarian cancer to determine prognosis and guide therapy
Authors: Wu Qihui , He Xiaoyun , Liu Jiaxin , Ou Chunlin , Li Yinmin , fu xiaodan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
High grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is associated with a poor prognosis and a high recurrence rate. For high-risk patients, personalized treatment augmentation and clinically relevant molecular prognostic indicators are required. As extracellular matrix (ECM) are very active component of the tumor microenvironment, influencing the behavior and metastatic potential of tumor cells, understanding ECM function may aid in the development of useful diagnostics and innovative medicines for HGSOC. Using univariate Cox regression analysis, we identified 71 ECM genes associated with prognosis in seven HGSOC populations. Cox proportional hazards regression with lasso penalty was utilized to validate the ECMscore signature of 14 genes. Analyses of Cox regression indicate that ECMscore is an excellent indication for prognostic classification in the most prevalent malignancies, including HGSOC. In addition, we found that patients with a higher ECMscore exhibited more active stromal and carcinogenic activation pathways, including apical Surface, Notch signaling, apical Junction, Wnt signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, TGF-ß signaling, and angiogenesis. In contrast, patients with a relatively low ECMscore had more active immune-related pathways, such as interferon alpha response, interferon-gamma response, and inflammatory response. The relationship between the ECMscore and genome anomalies was further examined. In addition, the interaction between ECMscore and immune microenvironment components and signals in HGSOC was examined in greater detail. As one of the hubs, the expression of MGP and its relationship to FBN1 were validated using qRT-PCR on HGSOC samples. The utility of ECMscore in predicting the prospective clinical success of immunotherapy and its capacity to guide the selection of chemotherapeutic medicines were also investigated. Additionally, pan-cancer research showed similar results. In conclusion, a comprehensive evaluation of the ECM may enable the identification of immune activation and help patients in HGSOC and pan-cancer to obtain the proper therapy.
Next-Generation OBS Architecture Transforms 5G Networks Powered by Machine Learning, Probabilistic Modeling and Algorithm Optimisation
Authors: Garg Amit Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Next-generation 5G networks require a high-speed, low-latency, and robust communication backbone to support new applications such as IoT, cloud computing, and virtual reality. Optical burst switching (OBS) is a promising method for 5G networks due to its ability to handle high-speed data transit and excellent bandwidth utilisation. Traditional OBS networks, on the other hand, have a high blocking probability, low resource utilisation, and limited scalability. To address these challenges, this work provides a unique OBS design that integrates machine learning, probabilistic modelling, and efficient algorithms. The usage of machine learning-based burst assembly algorithms, which dynamically predict the best resource allocation for each burst based on network conditions and QoS requirements, is a key component of the proposed architecture. A complete simulation analysis is performed using a typical Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) traffic dataset to evaluate the performance of the proposed architecture. The simulation results show that, as compared to standard OBS networks, the suggested architecture reduces the likelihood of obstruction and improves resource utilisation significantly. Furthermore, when compared to previous OBS systems, the suggested design is more efficient at managing dynamic traffic and enables greater scalability. The simulation study's performance tests demonstrate that the suggested architecture has a blocking probability of less than 10− 6, a throughput of more than 95%, and a latency of less than 4 milliseconds. These findings show that the suggested OBS design for next-generation 5G networks is both feasible and effective.
Enhanced electrochemical properties of nanostructured Bi0.9Gd0.1FeO3 thin film as electrode material for super capacitors
Authors: R Anlin Golda , R Anlin Golda , Alex E. John , Manju B. Gayathri 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nanostructured gadolinium doped bismuth ferrite thin film (Bi0.9Gd0.1FeO3) as electrode material for supercapacitors was investigated. Specific capacitance of 812F/g has been observed through electrochemical measurements. Gadolinium doped bismuth ferrite was synthesized using solgel method and was deposited on Si/SiO2/TiO2/Pt substrate through spin coating. XRD measurements exhibited rhombohedrally distorted perovskite structure. The presence of nanorods was identified through SEM and AFM, and the nanorods average thickness was measured to be around 200nm. The functional groups were confirmed through the FTIR spectrum. The cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was carried out to study its capacitive performance in liquid environment for its use in supercapacitors. Based on the results, gadolinium doped bismuth ferrite thin films are found to be a potential electrode material for supercapacitors.