bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical study of multifactorial diagnosis in prostate biopsy
Authors: Li Jialei , Wang Kexin , Li Song , Wu Pengsheng , Wang Xiangpeng , He Yi , Tang Wenrui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeTo study the feasibility of using an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) on multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in combination with conventional clinical information.MethodsA retrospective study cohort with 505 patients was collected, with complete information on age (≤60, 60–80, and >80 years), PSA (≤4, 4–10, and >10 ng/dL), and pathology results. The patients with ISUP group >2 were classified as csPCa, and the patients with ISUP = 1 or no evidence of prostate cancer were classified as non‐csPCa. The diagnosis of mpMRI was made by experienced radiologists following the prostate imaging reporting and data system (PIRADS ≤ 2, PIRADS = 3, and PIRADS > 3). The mpMRI images were processed by a homemade AI algorithm, and the AI results were obtained as positive or negative for csPCa. Two logistic regression models were fitted, with pathological findings as the dependent variable, that is, a conventional model and an AI model. The conventional model used age, PSA, and PIRADS as the independent variables. The AI model took the AI result and the abovementioned clinical information as the independent variables. The predicted probability of the patients from the conventional model and the AI model were used to test the prediction efficacy of the models. The DeLong test was performed to compare differences in the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) between the conventional model and the AI model.ResultsIn total, 505 patients were included in the study; 280 were diagnosed with csPCa, and 225 were non‐csPCa. The median age was 72.0 (67.0, 76.0) years, with a median PSA value of 13.0 (7.46, 27.5) ng/dL. Statically significant differences were found in age, PSA, PIRADS score and AI results between the csPCa and non‐csPCa groups (all p < 0.001). In the multivariable regression models, all the variables were independently associated with csPCa. The conventional model (R2 = 0.361) and the AI model (R2 = 0.474) were compared with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and showed statistically significant differences (χ2 = 63.695, p < 0.001). The AUC of the ROC curve for the conventional model was 0.782 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.742–0.823), which was less than the AUC of the AI model with statistical significance (0.849 [95% CI: 0.815–0.883], p < 0.001).ConclusionIn combination with routine clinical information, such as age, PSA, and PIRADS category, adding information from the AI algorithm based on mpMRI could improve the diagnosis of csPCa.
Blueberries infected with the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum fioriniae release odors that repel Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Rering Caitlin C , Quadrel Amanda , Urbaneja‐Bernat Pablo , Beck John J , Ben‐Zvi Yahel , Khodadadi Fatemeh , Aćimović Srđan G , Rodriguez‐Saona Cesar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpotted‐wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a serious pest of thin‐skinned fruits. Alternative methods to control this pest are needed to reduce insecticide use, including new repellents. Previous research demonstrated that D. suzukii adults use odor cues to avoid blueberries infected with the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum fioriniae, which causes the disease anthracnose. To identify novel D. suzukii repellents, we investigated the volatile emission from experimentally‐infected fruit, which were inoculated with C. fioriniae isolates in the laboratory, and from field‐collected fruit, which were naturally infected and harvested from a field. We then tested the pathogen‐induced volatiles on D. suzukii adult behavior.RESULTSVolatile emission was similar between all five C. fioriniae strains, with good agreement between experimentally‐infected and field‐collected berries. In total, 14 volatiles were found to be more abundant in infected versus uninfected fruit headspace. In multiple‐choice bioassays, nine of the 14 volatiles elicited repellency responses from adult D. suzukii. These nine volatiles were further evaluated in dual choice assays, where all nine reduced fly capture by 43–96% compared to the control. The most repellent compounds tested were the esters ethyl butanoate and ethyl (E)‐but‐2‐enoate, which were more or equally repellent to the known D. suzukii repellents 1‐octen‐3‐ol, geosmin, and 2‐pentylfuran. Dose–response assays identified concentration‐dependent effects on D. suzukii repellency and oviposition when applied individually and consistent aversion observed across doses of a 1:1 blend.CONCLUSIONWe report two repellents from C. fioriniae‐infected blueberries that could be useful semiochemicals for the behavioral manipulation of D. suzukii in the field. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Forced degradation study of baricitinib and structural characterization of its degradation impurities by high‐resolution mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Authors: Chaganti Sowmya , Dhiman Vivek , Madhyanapu Golla Vijaya , K R Roshitha , Khemchandani Rahul , Samanthula Gananadhamu 
Published: August 2023

RationaleBaricitinib (BARI), an inhibitor of Janus kinases 1 and 2 (JAK 1/2), is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and COVID‐19. The present study focuses on establishing the forced degradation behavior of BARI under different degradation conditions (hydrolysis, oxidation, and photolysis) following International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines of Q1A (R2)—Stability testing of new drug substances and products and Q1B—Photostability testing of new drug substances and products. This study helps in monitoring the quality and safety of BARI and its product development.MethodsPrior to conducting the study, the in silico degradation profile of BARI was predicted by Zeneth. Reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography employing a gradient program was used for the identification and separation of degradation impurities with an InertSustain C8 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phases used were 10 mM ammonium formate (pH 2.89) and acetonitrile. High‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was used for the structural elucidation of the degradation impurities.ResultsBARI was labile to hydrolytic (acidic, basic, and neutral) and photolytic degradation conditions which yielded 10 new degradation impurities and it was stable under oxidative (H2O2) conditions. The separated degradation impurities were characterized by HRMS and the respective degradation pathways were proposed. The generated information helped to propose a mechanism for the formation of the degradation impurities. Additionally, one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used for the characterization of two major degradation impurities.ConclusionThe forced degradation study of BARI was carried out in accordance with ICH Q1A and Q1B guidelines, which resulted in the formation of 10 new degradation impurities. In our analysis, three degradation impurities were matching with the Zeneth predictions. In silico tools, DEREK Nexus® and SARAH Nexus®, were used for predicting the toxicity and mutagenicity of BARI and its degradation impurities. Overall, this study sheds light on BARI's safety monitoring and storage circumstances.
Metabolic profiling of the flower of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. in rats using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry with data mining strategy
Authors: Zhou Huixian , Huang Xinxin , Tan Ting , Luo Yun 
Published: August 2023

RationaleThe flower of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. (FCAVA), an edible tea and herbal medicine with anti‐obesity effect, has attracted great attention in China. The structural elucidation of chemical components in FCAVA has been realized in our previous work. It is well known that metabolic profiling provided a structural basis to discover potential anti‐obesity ingredients in FCAVA. Nevertheless, there are no reports about in vivo metabolic profiles of FCAVA. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively identify in vivo substances of FCAVA.MethodsThe identification of in vivo substances of FCAVA remains a challenge due to the strong interference of complex chemical components, biological matrices and metabolite isomers. In this work, ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS) analysis with a data mining strategy was established and applied for the metabolic profiling of FCAVA in rats. The data mining strategy, including diagnostic product ions and neutral loss filtering, improved structural elucidation of xenobiotics in rats after oral administration of FCAVA.ResultsA total of 228 xenobiotics, including 80 prototypes (10 unambiguous confirmed with reference standards) and 148 metabolites, were tentatively characterized in rat plasma, urine and fecal samples. Among them, 35 xenobiotics were found in plasma, 124 in urine and 156 in feces. The main biotransformation pathway of FCAVA metabolism was deglycosylation, methylation, glucuronidation and sulfation. The main compounds absorbed into the blood were neohesperidin and naringin, which have been reported to show significant anti‐obesity effect.ConclusionsCollectively, this present study would be conducive to the discovery of active ingredients of FCAVA for the treatment of obesity and the development of quality control of FCAVA.
Nonconservative adaptive practical predefined‐time sliding mode tracking of uncertain robotic manipulators
Authors: Sai Huayang , Xu Zhenbang , Cui Jingkai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, a nonconservative predefined‐time sliding mode control (SMC) scheme and an adaptive practical predefined‐time SMC scheme are proposed for trajectory tracking of uncertain robotic manipulators. The nonconservative predefined‐time SMCer can achieve strong predefined‐time stability of a class of second‐order systems without dynamic uncertainties and disturbances. Nonetheless, even in the dynamic uncertainties and disturbances, we show that the studied scheme provides a nonconservative upper bound of settling time. Moreover, considering the unknown coupling uncertainty of the robotic system, adaptive laws are proposed to estimate the upper bound of the coupling uncertainty. Based on the proposed practical predefined‐time stability criterion, the designed adaptive practical predefined‐time SMCer is shown that the tracking error of the system can converge to a neighborhood of the origin within a predefined time, and the proposed controller weakens the chattering and no prior knowledge of the upper bound of the system uncertainty is required. Several simulation examples are conducted to show the feasibility of the proposed controller, especially evaluating the robustness and the nonconservative settling time.
Geometry‐based flipper motion planning for articulated tracked robots traversing rough terrain in real‐time
Authors: Chen Bailiang , Huang Kaihong , Pan Hainan , Ren Haoran , Chen Xieyuanli , Xiao Junhao , Wu Wenqi , Lu Huimin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTracked robots operating on rough terrain are often equipped with controllable flippers to help themselves overcome large obstacles or gaps. How to automate the control of these auxiliary flippers to achieve autonomous traversal remains an open question, which still necessitates inefficient manual teleoperation in practice. To tackle this problem, this article presents a geometry‐based motion planning method for an articulated tracked robot to self‐control its flippers during autonomous or semiautonomous traversal over rough terrain in urban search and rescue environments. The proposed method is developed by combining dynamic programming with a novel geometry‐based pose prediction method of high computational efficiency, which is applicable for typical challenging rescue terrains, such as stairs, Stepfields, and rails. The efficient pose prediction method allows us to make thousands of predictions about the robot poses at future locations for given flipper configurations within the onboard sensor range. On the basis of such predictions, our method evaluates the entire discretized configuration space and thereby determines the optimal flipper motion online for a smooth traversal over the terrain. The overall planning algorithm is tested with both simulated and real‐world robots and compared with a reinforcement‐learning‐based method using the RoboCup Rescue Robot League standard testing scenarios. The experimental results show that our method enables the robots to automatically control the flippers, successfully go over challenging terrains, and outperform the baseline method in passing smoothness and robustness to different terrains.
Deep learning‐based crop row detection for infield navigation of agri‐robots
Authors: de Silva Rajitha , Cielniak Grzegorz , Wang Gang , Gao Junfeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAutonomous navigation in agricultural environments is challenged by varying field conditions that arise in arable fields. State‐of‐the‐art solutions for autonomous navigation in such environments require expensive hardware, such as Real‐Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite System. This paper presents a robust crop row detection algorithm that withstands such field variations using inexpensive cameras. Existing data sets for crop row detection do not represent all the possible field variations. A data set of sugar beet images was created representing 11 field variations comprised of multiple grow stages, light levels, varying weed densities, curved crop rows, and discontinuous crop rows. The proposed pipeline segments the crop rows using a deep learning‐based method and employs the predicted segmentation mask for extraction of the central crop using a novel central crop row selection algorithm. The novel crop row detection algorithm was tested for crop row detection performance and the capability of visual servoing along a crop row. The visual servoing‐based navigation was tested on a realistic simulation scenario with the real ground and plant textures. Our algorithm demonstrated robust vision‐based crop row detection in challenging field conditions outperforming the baseline.
Exploring functional flow heterogeneity in regulated flow regime: Fish species turnover along hydraulic gradients in an artificial waterway network
Authors: Ohira Mitsuru , Fukuda Shinji 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHumans have altered river flows leading to a loss of connection with floodplain habitats. The expansion of agriculture in floodplains has resulted in landscapes dominated by irrigated farmland. A key challenge in water management is to conserve existing ecological communities and habitat heterogeneity, while simultaneously maintaining engineered infrastructure for agriculture. In this study, we focused on an artificial channel network for irrigation with a regulated flow regime and its function as habitat for various fish species. Differences in hydraulic conditions among channels and compositional changes in fish species were examined to clarify functional flow heterogeneity. Analyzed using pairwise Simpson dissimilarity among sampling reaches, species turnover was positively associated with Froude number (flow intensity) differences at intermediate discharges, and with differences in cross‐sectional areas (flow magnitude) at low discharges. Drastic changes in inflows should be considered for the effective conservation of flow heterogeneity, even under a regulated flow regime. Improved engineering design to manage the hydraulic environment is one option for maintaining the ecological value of lateral waterbodies in human‐dominated landscapes. Our findings provide insights into the importance of functional flow heterogeneity to conserve fish species diversity.
SDGs trade‐offs associated with voluntary sustainability standards: A case study from the coffee sector in Costa Rica
Authors: Rubio‐Jovel Karla , Sellare Jorge , Damm Yannic , Dietz Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe transition toward a more sustainable agricultural production has become an essential step in achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs), launched by the United Nations in 2015. Voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) have been proposed as a useful governance tool for guiding this transition. Thus, this article uses a case study from the coffee sector in Costa Rica to assess the contribution of VSSs to the achievement of the SDGs. We rely on panel data from coffee producers captured between 2017 and 2019 to carry out this assessment. Results of the statistical analysis suggest that VSSs alone are not enough to promote a transition to a more sustainable coffee production, as trade‐offs between the contributions of VSSs to the different SDGs emerge. If the VSSs are to promote sustainable practices among producers while ensuring socioeconomic benefits for producers, workers, and their families, implementation modifications are required.
Recalcitrant Primary Cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman Disease. Efficacy of Sirolimus and Intralesional Methylprednisolone
Authors: Tirado-Sánchez Andrés 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Sinus histiocytosis or Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare disorder with severe lymphadenopathy and a limited clinical course, the aetiology of which is still controversial. The disease usually affects cervical nodes, with fever, polyclonal gammopathy, and leucocytosis with neutrophilia. Pure cutaneous involvement occurs as the only manifestation in only 3% of cases. Cutaneous RDD is often associated with infections, immunodeficiency, and autoimmune disorders. A 52-year-old patient presented with disseminated, recurrent, and relapsed pure cutaneous RDD that responded well to treatment with sirolimus and local infiltrations of methylprednisolone. The patient had multiple nonpainful nodular and tumour-like lesions, histiocytic infiltrates with emperipolesis were observed on histologic examination, and positive immunohistochemistry for CD68, and S100. There is no standardised treatment, then the patient was treated with various therapies, including systemic steroids, chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone), radiotherapy, and other immunosuppressive treatments. Some lesions were treated surgically, resulting in recurrence. Sirolimus and local infiltration with methylprednisolone were tried as salvage treatments, the patient responded well, reducing the incidence of new lesions during follow-up, and the size of the preexisting lesions.
Vegetative Plaque on the Left Superior Eyelid
Authors: Wikholm Colin G. , Thakker Sach , Bakhshi Pegah R. , Swigost Adam J. , Moshell Alan , Cardis Michael A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Herein we present case report of a 73-year-old female who developed a rapidly growing, ulcerated lesion on her left superior eyelid. Despite treatment for suspected infection, symptoms only marginally improved. Physical examination revealed a diffusely ulcerated multinodular tumour with overlying haemorrhagic and serosanguineous exudate. A shave biopsy led to a diagnosis of primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (pcALCL), a rare CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder. The patient had no extracutaneous involvement on PET-CT and her prognosis is good given the indolent nature of pcALCL. Differential diagnoses included merkel cell carcinoma, periocular sebaceous carcinoma, lymphomatoid papulosis, and extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma. Prognosis for pcALCL is generally good. Treatment recommendation for pcALCL is surgical excision with negative margins for localised disease, while intravenous brentuximab vedotin is suggested for widespread, relapsed, and refractory disease.
Electrochemical Enhancement of Lithium‐Ion Diffusion in Polypyrrole‐Modified Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile Nanotubes for Solid‐to‐Solid Free‐Standing Lithium–Sulfur Cathodes
Authors: Yi Yikun , Hai Feng , Guo Jingyu , Gao Xin , Chen Wenting , Tian Xiaolu , Tang Wei , Hua Weibo , Li Mingtao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe energy density of lithium‐sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (Li‐SPAN) batteries has chronically suffered from low sulfur content. Although a free‐standing electrode can significantly reduce noncapacity mass contribution, the slow bulk reaction kinetics still constrain the electrochemical performance. In this regard, a novel electrochemically active additive, polypyrrole (PPy), is introduced to construct PAN nanotubes as a sulfur carrier. This hollow channel greatly facilitates charge transport within the electrode and increases the sulfur content. Both electrochemical tests and simulations show that the SPANPPy‐1% cathode possesses a larger lithium‐ion diffusion coefficient and a more homogeneous phase interface than the SPAN cathode. Consequently, significantly improved capabilities and rate properties are achieved, as well as decent exportations under high‐sulfur‐loading or lean‐electrolyte conditions. In‐situ and semi‐situ characterizations are further performed to demonstrate the nucleation growth of lithium sulfide and the evolution of the electrode surface structure. This type of electrochemically active additive provides a well‐supported implementation of high‐energy‐density Li‐S batteries.
An integrative review of measures of transitions and care coordination for persons living with dementia and their caregivers
Authors: Hirschman Karen B. , McHugh Molly , Morgan Brianna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionHigh rates of hospital visits and readmissions are common among persons living with dementia, resulting in frequent transitions in care and care coordination. This paper identifies and evaluates existing measures of transitions and care coordination for persons living with dementia and their caregivers.MethodsThis integrative review builds off a prior review using a systematic search of online databases (PubMed, EBSCO, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Scopus) to identify records and locate reports (or articles) that use measures of care transitions and care coordination. Identified measures were compared to the Alzheimer's Association's Dementia Care Practice Recommendations to evaluate strengths and weaknesses of the measure in this population, such as if measures were person‐ and family‐centered.ResultsSeventy‐one reports using measures of transitions in care and care coordination for persons living with dementia and their caregivers were identified. There were multiple measures identified in some reports. Three main areas of measures were classified into: identification of the population (3 measures, 8 reports), transitional care and care coordination delivery (14 measures, 17 reports), and transitional care and care coordination outcomes (e.g., health‐care use, cost, and mortality; 17 measures, 60 reports). A strength of the three main areas of measures was that a portion of the measures were person‐ and family‐centered. Variability in the operational definitions of some measures and time intensiveness of collecting the measure (e.g., number of items, the time it takes to complete the items) were common weaknesses.DiscussionTransitions and care coordination measures are varied across studies targeted at persons living with dementia and their caregivers. Existing measures focus heavily on outcomes, specifically health‐care resource use, and cost, rather than the elements of transitional care or care coordination. Future measure development focused on care transitions and service coordination is needed.