bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survey of Symbolic Learning Impairments among Primary School Pupils in Mathematics
Authors: Abiola Olaoye Adetunji , Comfort Temilade Olaleru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study was conducted to survey some of the symbolic learning impairments that caused phobia among primary school pupils in Mathematics. As a descriptive study which made use of two research questions that were later transformed into two hypotheses, purposive sampled of five selected primary schools with ten Mathematics teachers and two hundred pupils of primaries two and four of intact class were used in the study. Three instruments that were developed and used in the study included primary two achievement test in Mathematics (r =0.68), primary four achievement test in Mathematics(r=0.65) and Mathematics teachers’ perceived symbolic learning impairment instrument (r=0.72). Data collected and scoring were done descriptively with one way ANOVA used to analyse data at a significant level of 0.05. Findings revealed that there was significant difference in the academic performances of the past and present pupils’ understanding of counting system that is more than thousandth in the achievement test (F-cal > F-table, df=(4,188), P < 0.05*). It was also observed that there was significant difference in the past and present pupils’ understanding of an arithmetic operation (b-a) and (a-b) where a ≠ b with teachers’ symbolic learning impairment caused phobia among primaries pupils’ achievement test (F-cal > F-table, df=(4,188), P < 0.05*). Discussions of these findings were extensively elaborated along with their implications towards learning of Mathematics among the primary school pupils on one hand, and teachers’ omission or commission of symbolic learning/teaching impairments on the other hand. At the end suggestions and recommendations were proffered to guide against such symbolic impairments among pupils with a view to encourage more pupils to learn and not to develop phobia for Mathematics at an early stage.
A Dynamic Switching Policy with Combined Make-to-Stock/Make-to-Order Thresholds for Hybrid Production Systems
Authors: Kanda Shohei , Takahashi Katsuhiko , Morikawa Katsumi , Nagasawa Keisuke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDynamic MTS/MTO hybrid production systems [1]; in which some of machines, called hybrid machines which can be switched between make-to-stock (MTS) and make-to-order (MTO) production, are superior for enhancing utilization of machines, but they increase MTS inventory and MTO waiting customers. In this paper, in order to improve productivity, we propose a switching policy with combined thresholds in which both of MTS inventory level and MTO waiting customer level are utilized for switching decision. This performance is analyzed based on Markov analysis with the state transition diagram. The results of numerical experiments under several scenarios show the effectiveness of the proposed policy.
Incorporating Influential Factors in Diurnal Temperature Estimation with Sparse Data
Authors: Deshani K.A.D. , Attygalle Dilhari , Hansen Liwan Liyanage 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to achieve certain research objectives, researches may have to utilize data at different levels. Temperature is one such attribute that is being collected at different levels. In many of the meteorological stations, daily temperature readings are being collected but not the hourly values. Due to the importance of hourly temperature values in many studies, many methods can be found in the literature to estimate hourly temperature reading using sparse data. Moreover, apart from daily maximum and minimum temperatures, many auxiliary variables such as sun set time, sun rise time and solar radiation values can be considered important to increase the accuracy of the estimates. This paper suggests an algorithm to incorporate influential variables when estimating hourly temperature values using sparse data. The paper also proposes a novel method “RATE” to estimate unusual temperature curves during rainy days, that have shown equal or better results when compared to LEA. However, for situations, where the rain times of the day becomes random, the RATE seems to be less accurate.
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Anisakidosis in both European (Merluccius merluccius) and Lizard Head (Saurida undosquamis) Hakes
Authors: El-Asely Amel M. , El Madawy Reham S. , El Tanany Marwa A. , Afify Gehan S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on Anisakidosis as a disease caused by a number of Anisakid larvae including Anisakis simplex, Pseudoterranova decipiens, Hysterothylacium spp. and Contracaecum spp., through assessing the clinical signs and the clinical examination of the disease in 170 Lizard head (Saurida undosquamis) and 160 European hakes (Merluccius merluccius) during the period from April 2011 to July 2012. In addition, identification of the recovered larvae morphologically and using random modified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) technique. No obvious clinical signs were observed in the examined fish. The post mortem examination revealed the presence of free or encapsulated larvae within the body cavity, on the visceral organs and in the musculature. The seasonal prevalence of Anisakid larvae was the highest in spring and summer and its lowest level was in autumn in both examined fish spp. The highest intensity of larvae was observed in the organs and viscera rather than in the musculature. RAPD technique identified the recovered larvae using four arbitrary primers. It could be concluded that Anisakid larvae can be easily identified using molecular tools by its well characterized genetic finger print and that in turn will help in its diagnosis in parallel with the traditional tools.
Analysis of Polish Primitive Ponies Migration under Registration of the Global Positioning System
Authors: Jodkowska E. , Kuźniak A. M. , Pikuła R. , Smugała M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine the influence of environmental conditions on the migration of a herd of Polish primitive ponies (Polish Konik) held in the reserve area of 664.57 ha. In the first stage of the study (April 2011) there were 11 horses (6 mares, 1 stallion, and 4 foals), and in the second stage (April 2012) - 18 horses (7 mares, 1 stallion, 4 yearlings and 6 foals). The movement of a herd of horses was observed on the basis of indications of Ecotone camera’s GPS and Google Maps. A total of 57 maps were analyzed. The 7 habitats and weather conditions were taken into account. The results showed that in both stages of the study the herd usually stayed in the meadows in the mornings and afternoons and in the ancient forest from afternoon to night. The changes in air temperature has significantly affected the frequency and range of the daily migration of horses. At higher air temperatures the herd often migrated, but the range of its stay in a particular place was shorter than at lower temperatures. The choice of habitats by a herd of primitive horses may be an indication of organization of their maintenance.
Devil Facial Tumor Disease, A Potential Model of the Cancer Stem-Cell Process?
Authors: Ujvari Beata , Piddington Laura , Pearse Anne-Maree , Peck Sarah , Harmsen Colette , Taylor Robyn , Pyecroft Stephen , Kowarsky Mark , Madsen Thomas , Papenfuss Anthony T. , Kat  
Published: August 2023

AbstractTasmanian devil facial tumor disease (DFTD) is a naturally occurring contagious cancer which is transmitted as a clonal cell line between devils. The malignant cell line evolved from a Schwann cell or precursor prior to 1996 and since then has undergone continuous division without exhausting its replicative potential, suggesting a profound capacity for self renewal. It is therefore important to elucidate whether DFTD may have a stem cell origin. Deciphering the pathways regulating DFT cell proliferation and survival could lead to increased understanding of this transimissible cancer and to the development of successful therapies to halt the disease. We investigated whether DFT cells have originated from transformed stem cells by measuring the expression levels of thirteen genes characteristic to embryonic stem and/or pluripotent germ cells.No differences in gene expression were observed between DFT cells and peripheral nerve controls, and therefore our results provide additional support for Schwann cell or peripheral nerve origin of DFTD. Although our dataset is preliminary, it does not suggest that DFTs have cancer stem cells (CSCs) origin. We provide details of further experiments needed to ultimately confirm the role of cancer stem cells in DFTD progression.
Retrospective study on the correlation between serum MIF level and the condition and prognosis of patients with traumatic head injury
Authors: Liu Zhentong , Liu Chengwu , Ma Kegao 
Published: August 2023

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and the condition and prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods
A retrospective study design was used, and the clinical data of 131 TBI patients from February 2019 to January 2022 were analyzed. Patients were divided into mild (13–15 points), moderate (9–12 points), or severe (3–8 points) groups according to their Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score after admission. The serum levels of BDNF, MIF, and MBP in the three groups were compared, and their correlation with the severity of TBI was analyzed. Patients were then separated into a good prognosis group (4–5 points) and a poor prognosis group (≤3 points) based on their Glasgow Prognostic Score (GOS) after 6 months of follow-up. The predictive power of serum indexes and combined detection on prognosis was analyzed.

Results
Patients were classified into a mild group (n = 63), moderate group (n = 47), and severe group (n = 21) based on their GCS, with a significant difference noted in serum levels of MIF, MBP, and BDNF among patients with different degrees of severity (all P < 0.001). The MIF, MBP, and BDNF levels were lower in the mild group compared to the moderate (all P < 0.001) and severe group (all P < 0.001). Additionally, the MIF and BDNF levels in the moderate group were lower compared to the severe group (P = 0.011, P = 0.002). Patients with mild severity had lower serum MIF, MBP, and BDNF levels than those with other degrees, and these indexes were positively correlated with the severity of TBI (all P < 0.001, r = 0.62, r = 0.48, r = 0.58). Based on the GOS, patients were divided into a good prognosis group (n = 107) and a poor prognosis group (n = 24), with the levels of MIF, MBP, and BDNF in the good prognosis group being significantly lower than those in the poor prognosis group (P < 0.001, P = 0.007, P = 0.003). The area under the curve (AUC) of MIF was higher than that of MBP and BDNF in predicting the prognosis of TBI patients; however, the statistical differences were not significant (MIF vs. MBP, P = 0.239; MIF vs. BDNF, P = 0.211; BDNF vs. MBP, P = 0.899). The center line has a large displacement, CT annular cisterna compression, increased white blood cell count, MBP and BDNF were risk factors for prognosis in TBI patients (P = 0.005, P = 0.001, P = 0.005, P = 0.033, P = 0.044).

Conclusion
The serum levels of MIF, MBP, and BDNF in TBI patients were positively correlated with the severity of the disease, and MBP, BDNF levels had predictive value in determining patient prognosis.
Sepsis Prediction Model for Determining Sepsis vs SIRS, qSOFA, and SOFA
Authors: Schertz Adam R. , Lenoir Kristin M. , Bertoni Alain G. , Levine Beverly J. , Mongraw-Chaffin Morgana , Thomas Karl W. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceThe Sepsis Prediction Model (SPM) is a proprietary decision support tool created by Epic Systems; it generates a predicting sepsis score (PSS). The model has not undergone validation against existing sepsis prediction tools, such as Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), or quick Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Asessement (qSOFA).ObjectiveTo assess the validity and timeliness of the SPM compared with SIRS, qSOFA, and SOFA.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study included all adults admitted to 5 acute care hospitals in a single US health system between June 5, 2019, and December 31, 2020. Data analysis was conducted from March 2021 to February 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresA sepsis event was defined as receipt of 4 or more days of antimicrobials, blood cultures collected within ±48 hours of initial antimicrobial, and at least 1 organ dysfunction as defined by the organ dysfunction criteria optimized for the electronic health record (eSOFA). Time zero was defined as 15 minutes prior to qualifying antimicrobial or blood culture order.ResultsOf 60 507 total admissions, 1663 (2.7%) met sepsis criteria, with 1324 electronic health record–confirmed sepsis (699 [52.8%] male patients; 298 [22.5%] Black patients; 46 [3.5%] Hispanic/Latinx patients; 945 [71.4%] White patients), 339 COVID-19 sepsis (183 [54.0%] male patients; 98 [28.9%] Black patients; 36 [10.6%] Hispanic/Latinx patients; and 189 [55.8%] White patients), and 58 844 (97.3%; 26 632 [45.2%] male patients; 12 698 [21.6%] Black patients; 3367 [5.7%] Hispanic/Latinx patients; 40 491 White patients) did not meet sepsis criteria. The median (IQR) age was 63 (51 to 73) years for electronic health record–confirmed sepsis, 69 (60 to 77) years for COVID-19 sepsis, and 60 (42 to 72) years for nonsepsis admissions. Within the vendor recommended threshold PSS range of 5 to 8, PSS of 8 or greater had the highest balanced accuracy for classifying a sepsis admission at 0.79 (95% CI, 0.78 to 0.80). Change in SOFA score of 2 or more had the highest sensitivity, at 0.97 (95% CI, 0.97 to 0.98). At a PSS of 8 or greater, median (IQR) time to score positivity from time zero was 68.00 (6.75 to 605.75) minutes. For SIRS, qSOFA, and SOFA, median (IQR) time to score positivity was 7.00 (−105.00 to 08.00) minutes, 74.00 (−22.25 to 599.25) minutes, and 28.00 (−108.50 to 134.00) minutes, respectively.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of hospital admissions, balanced accuracy of the SPM outperformed other models at higher threshold PSS; however, application of the SPM in a clinical setting was limited by poor timeliness as a sepsis screening tool as compared to SIRS and SOFA.
Machine Learning‐Directed Fast and High‐Throughput Acquisition of High‐Efficiency Microwave Absorbents From Infinite Design Space
Authors: Che Renchao , Wu Zhengchen , Quan Bin , Zhang Ruixuan , Zhang Huiran , Zhang Jincang , Lu Wencong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntrinsic composition properties and extrinsic micro‐/nano‐structural effects constitute the infinite design space of microwave absorption (MA) materials wherein the high‐efficiency performance is expected to advance stealth and anti‐interference technologies. However, restricted to the black box of physical mechanisms, discovering those materials too often relies on the traditional trial‐and‐error methods, falling into the time‐consuming loop between material modification and performance measurement. Herein, an unprecedented machine learning‐based forecasting system (MLFS) is constructed to directly predict the process conditions of carbonyl iron/ferrosoferric oxide hybrids with enhanced MA performance. The high‐throughput screening and inverse projection based on pattern recognition recommend a series of excellent MA materials with the highest performance correlation coefficient up to 0.9844. After manual selection from this set, the enhancement of maximum absorption efficiency and bandwidth of the optimal hybrid reach 207% and 360% in comparison with the original database. The standardized MLFS procedure immensely shortens the research cycle to a few weeks compared to several months of the manual orthogonal experiment. This is believed to be an expressway for accelerating the discovery of high‐performance MA materials and their industrialization.
Integrated High Barrier and Efficient Moisture‐Wicking Multilayer Textile for Medical and Health Protection
Authors: Meng Na , Zhang Yufei , Lin Yanyan , Zhao Cengceng , Li Zhaoling , Wang Xianfeng , Yu Jianyong , Ding Bin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping textiles with rapid moisture‐wicking capability is a potential and effective solution to the poor comfort of medical and health‐protective clothing. However, designing protective clothing that combines safety and comfort remains a crucial and formidable task. Herein, a moisture‐wicking protective fibrous membrane (MWPFM) with a dual‐gradient structure manufactured by electrospinning and electrostatic spraying techniques is proposed. Interestingly, the protective layer with a small pore structure and an extremely hydrophobic effect can block water, blood, and ethanol. Additionally, the textile is designed in a multilayer configuration with a wetting gradient and pore structure gradient, ensuring comfort. The MWPFM exhibits excellent protective properties (ethanol contact angle of 115°, hydrostatic pressure of 14.8 kPa) and comfort (breathability of 46.8 mm s−1, water vapor transmission rate of 5.9 kg m−2 d−1). In addition, compared with the commercially available high‐density polyethylene protective membrane, MWPFM displays a distinct comfort advantage. This work provides a fresh avenue to improve the thermal‐moisture comfort of medical and health‐protective clothing.
Introducing MR‐TADF Emitters into Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells for Narrowband and Efficient Emission
Authors: Tang Shi , dos Santos John Marques , Ràfols‐Ribé Joan , Wang Jia , Zysman‐Colman Eli , Edman Ludvig 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOrganic semiconductors that emit by the process of multi‐resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR‐TADF) can deliver narrowband and efficient electroluminescence while being processable from solvents and metal‐free. This renders them attractive for use as the emitter in sustainable light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs), but so far reports of narrowband and efficient MR‐TADF emission from LEC devices are absent. Here, this issue is addressed through careful and systematic material selection and device development. Specifically, the authors show that the detrimental aggregation tendency of an archetypal rigid and planar carbazole‐based MR‐TADF emitter can be inhibited by its dispersion into a compatible carbazole‐based blend host and an ionic‐liquid electrolyte, and it is further demonstrated that the tuning of this active material results in a desired balanced p‐ and n‐type electrochemical doping, a high solid‐state photoluminescence quantum yield of 91%, and singlet and triplet trapping on the MR‐TADF guest emitter. The introduction of this designed metal‐free active MR‐TADF material into a LEC, employing air‐stabile electrodes, results in bright blue electroluminescence of 500 cd m−2, which is delivered at a high external quantum efficiency of 3.8% and shows a narrow emission profile with a full‐width‐at‐half‐maximum of 31 nm.
Further characterization of CEP85L‐associated lissencephaly type 10: Report of a three‐generation family and review of the literature
Authors: Leduc‐Pessah Heather , White‐Brown Alexandre , Miller Elka , McMillan Hugh J. , Boycott Kym M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLissencephaly type 10 is a recently reported condition characterized by posterior predominant abnormalities in gyration with associated seizures, developmental delays or intellectual disability. We report a boy who presented at 5 years of age with epilepsy and developmental delays. His family history was notable for epilepsy in two prior generations associated with variable developmental and cognitive impact. Exome sequencing identified a novel missense variant in CEP85L [NM_001042475.2; c.196A>G, p.(Thr66Ala)] which segregated in four affected family members across three generations. Brain imaging of the proband demonstrated a posterior lissencephaly pattern with pachygyria, while other affected family members demonstrated a similar subcortical band heterotopia. This report expands the phenotypic spectrum of this rare disorder by describing a novel variant in CEP85L in a family with variable clinical and neuroimaging findings.
Dynamic changes of nasal tight junctions in patients with convalescent COVID‐19 with allergic rhinitis
Authors: Liu Yating , Wang Zaichuan , Zhao Limin , Wang Xue , Li Xinyi , Qu Zhennan , Zeng Yuan , Liu Yingyue , Hao Liusiqi , Yang Mengzhe , Zhang Yuling , Zhang Shujian , Wang Qiqi , Li Yan , Lan Feng , Zhang Luo 
Published: August 2023

Key Points
Nasal tight junction module score correlates negatively to allergy module score in COVID‐19.
Omicron variant may slow‐down tight junction restoration in patients with AR.
Engineered Biocatalytic Synthesis of β‐N‐Substituted‐α‐Amino Acids
Authors: Villalona Jairo , Higgins Peyton M. , Buller Andrew R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNon‐canonical amino acids (ncAAs) are useful synthons for the development of new medicines, materials, and probes for bioactivity. Recently, enzyme engineering has been leveraged to produce a suite of highly active enzymes for the synthesis of β‐substituted amino acids. However, there are few examples of biocatalytic N‐substitution reactions to make α,β‐diamino acids. In this study, we used directed evolution to engineer the β‐subunit of tryptophan synthase, TrpB, for improved activity with diverse amine nucleophiles. Mechanistic analysis shows that high yields are hindered by product re‐entry into the catalytic cycle and subsequent decomposition. Additional equivalents of l‐serine can inhibit product reentry through kinetic competition, facilitating preparative scale synthesis. We show β‐substitution with a dozen aryl amine nucleophiles, including demonstration on a gram scale. These transformations yield an underexplored class of amino acids that can serve as unique building blocks for chemical biology and medicinal chemistry.
Guidelines in Practice: Processing Flexible Endoscopes
Authors: Speth Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTFlexible endoscopes allow surgeons and proceduralists to view patients’ internal organs through small incisions or natural orifices. These devices may be difficult to clean and dry adequately, and the formation of biofilm can further complicate effective cleaning. The updated AORN “Guideline for processing flexible endoscopes” provides perioperative personnel with evidence‐based best practice recommendations on a variety of concepts associated with this topic. This article provides an overview of the guideline and discusses recommendations for point‐of‐use treatment, transport, cleaning (including verification and drying), and storage of flexible endoscopes. It also includes a scenario that illustrates the importance of adequately drying and storing flexible endoscopes. When processing flexible endoscopes, personnel should adhere to the endoscope and processing equipment manufacturers’ instructions for use. Perioperative nurses should review the guideline in its entirety and implement recommendations in practice settings where flexible endoscopes are used.