bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contamination of SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA on personal protective equipment and environmental surfaces in nonpatient entry area of a Fangcang shelter hospital
Authors: Chen Xue‐E , Zhao ChenHao , Luo YeTao , Tang Tang , Chen Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the extent of contamination of personal protective equipment (PPE) and surfaces by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in the nonpatient entry area of a Fangcang shelter hospital, the medical staff accommodation area, and the staff transport bus.MethodsWe collected 816 samples from the nonpatient entry area and floors in a Fangcang shelter hospital, medical staff accommodation area, and scheduled bus, and the five major types of PPE used from April 13 to May 18, 2022. SARS‐CoV‐2 ribonucleic acid (RNA) was detected by reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction.ResultsOverall, 22.2% of PPE samples were positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA. Boot covers and gowns were the most contaminated types of PPE. The positive PPE contamination rate of staff collecting respiratory specimens was significantly higher than that of the general–treatment staff group (35.8% vs. 12.2%) and cleaner group (35.8% vs. 26.4%), p < 0.01. In total, 27 of 265 (10.2%) environmental surface samples were positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA. The contamination‐positive rates were 26.8% (22/82), 5.4% (4/74), and 0.9% (1/109) for contaminated, potentially contaminated, and clean zones, respectively. SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was frequently detected on objects such as mobile phones, tables, computer keyboards and mice, and door handles.ConclusionsSARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was widely distributed on high‐touch surfaces and on PPE in the contaminated zone of the Fangcang shelter hospital, implying a potentially high infection risk for healthcare workers. Our findings emphasize the need to ensure adequate environmental cleaning, improve hand hygiene, and reduce the risk of infection. Additionally, prevention of self‐contamination during PPE donning and doffing is complex and needs more research.
Are you congested? A comparison of definitions between otolaryngologists and their patients
Authors: Fischer Jakob L. , Tolisano Anthony M. , Navarro Alvaro I. , Trinh Lily , Abuzeid Waleed M. , Humphreys Ian M. , Akbar Nadeem A. , Shah Sharan , Schneider John S. , Riley Charles A. , McCoul Edward D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess for differences of intended meaning in the description of congestion‐related symptoms among otolaryngology patients and clinicians.Materials and MethodsBetween June 2020 and October 2022, a questionnaire consisting of 16 common descriptors of congestion‐related symptoms within four domains (obstructive‐related, pressure‐related, mucus‐related, and other symptoms) was completed by patients and otolaryngologists at five tertiary otolaryngology practices. The primary outcome was to assess differences in patient and clinician perceptions of congestion‐related symptoms. Differences based on geographic location was a secondary outcome.ResultsA total of 349 patients and 40 otolaryngologists participated. Patients selected a median of 6.8 (standard deviation [SD] 3.0) terms compared with 4.0 (SD 1.6) terms for otolaryngologists (p < 0.001). Otolaryngologists were more likely to select obstruction‐related symptoms (difference 6.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.8%, 8.9%). Patients were more likely to describe congestion using pressure‐related (−43.7%; −58.9%, −28.5%), mucus‐related (−43.5%; −59.3%, −27.8%), and other symptoms (−44.2; −51.3%, −37.1%) compared with otolaryngologists. There were no significant differences identified based on geographic location with regard to symptom domains on multivariate analysis.ConclusionsThere are differences between otolaryngologists and their patients in the interpretation of the symptoms of congestion. Clinicians tended to have a narrower interpretation of congestion that was limited to the obstruction‐related symptom domain, while patients defined congestion more broadly. This has important counseling and communication implications for the clinician.
Sleep disorders in Lewy body dementia: Mechanisms, clinical relevance, and unanswered questions
Authors: Townsend Leigh T. J. , Anderson Kirstie N. , Boeve Bradley F. , McKeith Ian , Taylor John‐Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn Lewy body dementia (LBD), disturbances of sleep and/or arousal including insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder, obstructive sleep apnea, and restless leg syndrome are common. These disorders can each exert a significant negative impact on both patient and caregiver quality of life; however, their etiology is poorly understood. Little guidance is available for assessing and managing sleep disorders in LBD, and they remain under‐diagnosed and under‐treated. This review aims to (1) describe the specific sleep disorders which occur in LBD, considering their putative or potential mechanisms; (2) describe the history and diagnostic process for these disorders in LBD; and (3) summarize current evidence for their management in LBD and consider some of the ongoing and unanswered questions in this field and future research directions.
Serum NfL and GFAP are associated with incident dementia and dementia mortality in older adults: The cardiovascular health study
Authors: Cronjé Héléne T. , Liu Xiaojuan , Odden Michelle C. , Moseholm Kristine F. , Seshadri Sudha , Satizabal Claudia L. , Lopez Oscar L. , Bis Joshua C. , Djoussé Luc , Fohner Alison E. , Psaty Bruce M. , Tracy Russell P. , Longstreth W. T , Jensen Majken K. , Mukamal Kenneth J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONCirculating neurofilament light chain (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) have been independently associated with dementia risk. Their additive association, and their associations with dementia‐specific mortality, have not been investigated.METHODSWe associated serum NfL, GFAP, total tau ,and ubiquitin carboxyl‐terminal hydrolase‐L1, measured in 1712 dementia‐free adults, with 19‐year incident dementia and dementia‐specific mortality risk, and with 3‐year cognitive decline.RESULTSIn adjusted models, being in the highest versus lowest tertile of NfL or GFAP associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.49 (1.20–1.84) and 1.38 (1.15–1.66) for incident dementia, and 2.87 (1.79–4.61) and 2.76 (1.73–4.40) for dementia‐specific mortality. Joint third versus first tertile exposure further increased risk; HR = 2.06 (1.60–2.67) and 9.22 (4.48–18.9). NfL was independently associated with accelerated cognitive decline.DISCUSSIONCirculating NfL and GFAP may, independently and jointly, provide useful clinical insight regarding dementia risk and prognosis.
Iron‐Catalyzed Reductive Cross‐Coupling of Alkyl Electrophiles with Olefins
Authors: Tong Xiaoyu , Yang Ze‐Peng , Del Angel Aguilar Carlos E. , Fu Gregory C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn terms of its abundance and its minimal toxicity, iron has advantages relative to other transition metals. Although alkyl–alkyl bond construction is central to organic synthesis, examples of iron‐catalyzed alkyl–alkyl couplings of alkyl electrophiles are relatively sparse. Herein we report an iron catalyst that achieves cross‐coupling reactions of alkyl electrophiles wherein olefins, in the presence of a hydrosilane, are used in place of alkylmetal reagents. Carbon–carbon bond formation proceeds at room temperature, and the method employs commercially available components (Fe(OAc)2, Xantphos, and Mg(OEt)2); interestingly, this set of reagents can be applied directly to a distinct hydrofunctionalization of olefins, hydroboration. Mechanistic studies are consistent with the generation of an alkyl radical from the alkyl electrophile, as well as with reversibility for elementary steps that precede carbon–carbon bond formation (olefin binding to iron and β‐migratory insertion).
Functional fibers from regenerated wood pulp cellulose and a natural‐based phytate with enhanced flame retardancy properties
Authors: Matos Filipe S. , Fateixa Sara , von Weymarn Niklas , Freire Carmen S. R. , Silvestre Armando J. D. , Vilela Carla 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe manufacture of sustainable functional fibers with low environmental footprint and superior properties is a pressing research issue under the auspices of more sustainable industrial textile processes. In the present study, regenerated cellulose fibers (CellReg) with flame retardancy properties are manufactured by functionalizing regenerated wood pulp fibers (obtained through the dissolution of paper‐grade pulp in an ionic liquid followed by regeneration in water) with a natural derived phosphorus compound, namely phytic acid ammonium (PAA). The pale‐yellow modified fibers present a phosphorus content up to 1.80% and a uniform and smooth surface morphology. Furthermore, the functional cellulose fibers exhibit moderate antioxidant activity (ca. 18.4% of maximum radical scavenging), water contact angles below 92°, as well as good thermal‐oxidative stability up to 200°C. The flame‐retardant performance of the CellReg/PAA fibers was investigated by the vertical burning test, and as anticipated, the results show a higher flame retardancy with the increasing content of phosphorus, meaning that the fibers ceased to burn before flaming or glowing, even after several flame applications. The accomplished properties validate the potential of these functional fibers of regenerated wood pulp cellulose and PAA for application as textile fibers with flame retardancy properties.
Preparation and comparison of electrospunPEO/PTFEandPVA/PTFEnanofiber membranes for syringe filters
Authors: Akduman Cigdem 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe fabrication of a high‐performance PTFE membrane remains challenging and still under interest. Electrospinning is one of the possible fabrication methods for PTFE membranes. But, due to the high solvent resistance and the high melt viscosity, PTFE emulsion should be blended with a carrier polymer solution and then it can be electrospinned. In this study, PTFE membranes were produced with four different ratios of PVA and PEO polymers as carrier and then sintered at 380°C, to left only PTFE nanofibers behind. Produced hydrophobic PTFE membranes' WCA values were between 120‐132° for PEO/PTFE nanofibers and 112‐124° for PVA/PTFE nanofibers. SEM images revealed that PEO/PTFE membranes preserved their fibrous structure better. After sintering, diameter of 7PEO/PTFE, 8PEO/PTFE, 9PEO/PTFE, and 10PEO/PTFE nanofibers were 612, 818, 822, and 923 nm, respectively. Only 30PVA/PTFE nanofibers showed some fiber structure after sintering with evenly distributed pores. PEO/PTFE membranes were thicker than commercial syringe filter membranes and PVA/PTFE membranes and was about 0.24 μm. Although mean pore size measurements of both PEO/PTFE and PVA/PTFE membranes were 0.90 and 1.07 μm, respectively and higher than commercial membranes, bacterial removal tests of PEO/PTFE membrane were promising and close to commercial syringe filter results with 1.3 3log CFU/mL.
The effect of novel advanced method on the properties of novolac hybrid nanocomposites reinforced with carbon nanotube and glass fiber
Authors: Kocaman Mücahit , Çuvalcı Hamdullah , Çanakçı Aykut 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, the effects of ball milling (BM) technique and carbon nanotube (CNT) content on the thermal and mechanical properties of hybrid reinforced composites were investigated. The composites were prepared using glass fiber (GF), novolac resin (No), and CNTs with different wt% (1, 2, and, 4). Various milling times were used to optimize the entanglement/agglomeration of CNTs in the polymer matrix and subsequently enhance the final thermal and mechanical properties. Through precise investigations, it was found that the nanocomposite with 2 wt% CNT reinforcement, subjected to 2 h of BM, exhibited remarkable enhancements in key properties. The tensile strength was significantly improved to 45.6 MPa, while the elastic modulus reached 3.419 GPa. Hardness was measured at 96 HRM, and thermal conductivity was enhanced to 0.463 W/mK. Moreover, this sample demonstrated a weight loss that was 43.65% lower compared to the sample reinforced with 1 wt% CNT and subjected to 1 h of BM. Overall, this study highlights the importance of optimizing the milling time and CNT content in the preparation of polymer nanocomposites, and it provides valuable insights for the development of advanced materials with superior performance in various applications.
Spawning habitat suitability maps for the conservation of the tri‐spine horseshoe crab Tachypleus tridentatus in Tsuyazaki Cove, Fukuoka, Japan
Authors: Itaya Shinji , Koyama Akihiko , Shuuno Mari , Onikura Norio , Tai Akira , Yano Shinichiro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The suitable spawning habitat of Tachypleus tridentatus was estimated and mapped for the first time using scientific modelling in Tsuyazaki, Fukuoka, Japan. A total of 43 nests were found at five sites from 2018 to 2019. Of these 43 nests, the location information of nine nests at one of the sites was used as ‘Training data’ for constructing the models.
A series of procedures was employed to determine the relationship between the biological data and their physical parameters to estimate the suitable spawning habitat. First, the contribution rates of the physical parameters (beach elevation, slope and sediment) to nest locations were evaluated. Second, physical parameters that showed significant contribution rates were chosen to estimate suitable spawning habitats.
It was found that the beach elevation was the most significant parameter for estimating suitable spawning habitats. Mean high water neap to mean higher high water was estimated as suitable spawning habitat, and 74% of the nests were fitted in an area assessed as suitable. The result was consistent with previous studies.
The area of suitable spawning habitat was estimated to be only 476 m2 out of 1943 m2, comprising 24% of the sandy beach in the study site. Therefore, it was concluded that the conservation and restoration of spawning grounds is a high‐priority and urgent issue at the site.
It is proposed that scientific modelling of nest/egg occurrence and beach elevation can effectively determine suitable spawning habitats. Thus, it is possible to quickly establish the habitat most suitable for spawning in coastal environments and help plan conservation strategies for this globally endangered species.
How question type influences knowledge withholding in social Q&A community
Authors: Zhang Xing , Wang Durong , Tang Yuyao , Xiao Quan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSocial question‐and‐answer (Q&A) communities are becoming increasingly important for knowledge acquisition. However, some users withhold knowledge, which can hinder the effectiveness of these platforms. Based on social exchange theory, the study investigates how different types of questions influence knowledge withholding, with question difficulty and user anonymity as boundary conditions. Two experiments were conducted to test hypotheses. Results indicate that informational questions are more likely to lead to knowledge withholding than conversational ones, as they elicit more fear of negative evaluation and fear of exploitation. The study also examines the interplay of question difficulty and user anonymity with question type. Overall, this study significantly extends the existing literature on counterproductive knowledge behavior by exploring the antecedents of knowledge withholding in social Q&A communities.
Predictors of pelvic pain in a general urology clinic population
Authors: Prillaman Grace , Zillioux Jacqueline , Beller Haerin , Yeaman Clinton , Rapp David 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the prevalence and predictors of chronic pelvic pain in a general urology population presenting for evaluation of unrelated non‐painful complaints.Generalized pelvic pain is estimated to afflict between 6% and 26% of women and is often multifactorial in aetiology. A paucity of prospective research exists to characterize chronic pelvic pain patterns and to understand related predictors.Materials and MethodsThis is a prospective, cross‐sectional survey‐based study of female patients presenting to a general urology clinic over a 10‐month period (7/2018–5/2019). Patients completed a 32‐item survey with questions pertaining to demographics, comorbidities and chronic pelvic pain characteristics. Comparison tests (chi‐squared, Fisher's exact) and stepwise multivariable logistic modelling were performed to assess for predictors of chronic pelvic pain.ResultsA total of 181 women completed the survey, with a mean age of 56 years. Overall, 75 (41%) women reported chronic pelvic pain. Those with chronic pelvic pain were younger compared to those without (52 vs 59 years, p = 0.001). Univariable logistic regression analysis identified BMI, depression, fibromyalgia, overactive bladder and any bowel symptoms as possible positive predictors of chronic pelvic pain. Final best‐fit multivariable model found overactive bladder, fibromyalgia and presence of bowel symptoms as independent positive predictors of chronic pelvic pain.ConclusionsOur study is one of the few studies that has prospectively analysed chronic pelvic pain and its predictors. The present study identified significant associations with overactive bladder, fibromyalgia and bowel symptoms. Further research is needed to better understand the aetiologies of chronic pelvic pain and the possible relationship with identified clinical predictors.
Identifiability impedes efficiency maximization: A third‐party perspective
Authors: Ritov Ilana , Garcia Stephen M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research explores the hypothesis that third‐party decision makers will be less likely to switch from a suboptimal default payoff to a more efficient alternative one when payoff receipts have been identified than when they have not, even when identification conveys no relevant information. While Studies 1 and 2 establish this identifiability effect by manipulating identifiability with real names (“S. Jones” / “R. Smith”) in realistic decision making vignettes, Studies 3 and 4 replicate the effect by manipulating identifiability with simple designations (“Participant A” / “Participant B”) in incentivized decision paradigms that involve real monetary payoffs. And while Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate the identifiability effect among third‐party decision makers choosing to switch from a default payoff to a more efficient alternative payoff, Study 3 instantiates the identifiability effect even when changing the status quo is mandatory. Finally, both Studies 3 and 4 probed for possible psychological mechanisms, finding that analytical processing mode, in particular, may play a role in these third‐party allocations.
Quality test of cannabidiol profiling in CBD oil products and evaluation of residual THC at high temperature based on liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Takashina Shiori , Minamoto Kyosuke , Nunome Mari , Katehashi Hidenao , Katagi Munehiro , Inoue Koichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCannabidiol (CBD) oil products are available in Japan as cosmetics, fragrances, food and items. Herein, quality testing of cannabinoid profiling in CBD oil products and the evaluation of possible residual tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in these products using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) was conducted. A simple, sensitive, and selective LC–MS/MS assay (electrospray positive ion mode) was employed for the simultaneous quantification of eight cannabinoids. This quantification with three different oil samples showed that accuracy rates ranged from 87.7 to 106.9% (RSD > 3.5%). Furthermore, the quantification limit of THC is 0.001 mg/g of CBD oil products for suitable levels lower than the regulatory value. Notably, this method was used to evaluate CBD oil products from the Japanese market. Additionally, we investigated the THC conversion in CBD oil products at a high temperature (70°C) which has a minor effect on CBD stability in oil products with additives. Herein, the developed LC–MS/MS assay is applied to monitor the quality of CBD, trace THC and other components in CBD oil products.
Mesenchymal stem cells paracrine proteins from three‐dimensional dynamic culture system promoted wound healing in third‐degree burn models
Authors: Wang Yingwei , Wu Jiaxin , Chen Jiamin , Lu Cheng , Liang Jinchao , Shan Yingyi , Liu Jie , Li Qi , Miao Liang , He Mu , Wang Xiaoying , Zhang Jianhua , Wu Zheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecovery of skin function remains a significant clinical challenge for deep burns owing to the severe scar formation and poor appendage regeneration, and stem cell therapy has shown great potential for injured tissue regeneration. Here, a cell‐free therapy system for deep burn skin was explored using mesenchymal stem cell paracrine proteins (MSC‐PP) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) temperature‐sensitive hydrogels. A three‐dimensional (3D) dynamic culture system for MSCs' large‐scale expansion was established using a porous gelatin microcarrier crosslinked with hyaluronic acid (PGM‐HA), and the purified MSC‐PP from culture supernatant was characterized by mass spectrometric analysis. The results showed the 3D dynamic culture system regulated MSCs cell cycle, reduced apoptosis, and decreased lactic acid content, and the MSC‐PP produced in 3D group can promote cell proliferation, migration, and adhesion. The MSC‐PP + PEG system maintained stable release in 28 days of observation in vitro. The in vivo therapeutic efficacy was investigated in the rabbit's third‐degree burn model, and saline, PEG, MSC‐PP, and MSC‐PP + PEG treatments groups were set. The in vivo results showed that the MSC‐PP + PEG group significantly improved wound healing, inhibited scar formation, and facilitated skin appendage regeneration. In conclusion, the MSC‐PP + PEG sustained‐release system provides a potentially effective treatment for deep burn skin healing.