bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical limiter based on PT-symmetry breaking of reflectionless modes
Authors: Riboli Francesco , Kononchuk Rodion , Tommasi Federico , Boschetti Alice , Suwunnarat Suwun , Anisimov Igor , Vitebskiy Ilya , Wiersma Diederik S. , Cavalieri Stefano , Kottos Tsampikos , Chabanov Andrey A. 
Published: August 2023

The application of parity–time (PT) symmetry in optics, especially PT-symmetry breaking, has attracted considerable attention as an approach to controlling light propagation. Here, we report optical limiting by two coupled optical cavities with a PT-symmetric spectrum of reflectionless modes. The optical limiting is related to broken PT symmetry due to light-induced changes in one of the cavities. Our experimental implementation involves a three-mirror resonator of alternating layers of ZnS and cryolite with a PT-symmetric spectral degeneracy of two reflectionless modes. The passive optical limiting is demonstrated by measurements of single 532 nm 6 ns laser pulses and thermo-optical simulations. At fluences below 10mJ/cm2, the multilayer exhibits a flattop passband at 532 nm. At higher fluences, laser heating combined with the thermo-optic effect in ZnS leads to cavity detuning and PT-symmetry breaking of the reflectionless modes. As a result, the entire multilayer structure quickly becomes highly reflective, protecting itself from laser-induced damage. The cavity detuning mechanism can differ at much higher limiting thresholds and include nonlinearity.
A novel drug specific mRNA biomarker predictor for selection of patients responding to dovitinib treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma and other solid tumors
Authors: Knudsen Steen , Hansen Anker , Foegh Marie , Petersen Steen , Mekonnen Hana , Jia Lin , Shah Preeti , Martin Victoria , Frykman Gregory , Pili Roberto 
Published: August 2023

PurposeDovitinib is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of VEGFR1-3, PDGFR, FGFR1/3, c-KIT, FLT3 and topoisomerase 1 and 2. The drug response predictor (DRP) biomarker algorithm or DRP-Dovitinib is being developed as a companion diagnostic to dovitinib and was applied retrospectively.Patients and methodsArchival tumor samples were obtained from consenting patients in a phase 3 trial comparing dovitinib to sorafenib in renal cell carcinoma patients and the DRP-Dovitinib was applied. The biomarker algorithm combines the expression of 58 messenger RNAs relevant to thein vitrosensitivity or resistance to dovitinib, including genes associated with FGFR, PDGF, VEGF, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and topoisomerase pathways as well as ABC drug transport, and provides a likelihood score between 0–100%.ResultsThe DRP-Dovitinib divided the dovitinib treated RCC patients into two groups, sensitive (n = 49, DRP score >50%) or resistant (n = 86, DRP score ≤ 50%) to dovitinib. The DRP sensitive population was compared to the unselected sorafenib arm (n = 286). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.8 months in the DRP sensitive dovitinib arm and 3.6 months in the sorafenib arm (hazard ratio 0.71, 95% CI 0.51–1.01). Median overall survival (OS) was 15.0 months in the DRP sensitive dovitinib arm and 11.2 months in the sorafenib arm (hazard ratio 0.69, 95% CI 0.48–0.99). The observed clinical benefit increased with increasing DRP score. At a cutoff of 67% the median OS was 20.6 months and the median PFS was 5.7 months in the dovitinib arm. The results were confirmed in five smaller phase II trials of dovitinib which showed a similar trend.ConclusionThe DRP-Dovitinib shows promise as a potential biomarker for identifying advanced RCC patients most likely to experience clinical benefit from dovitinib treatment, subject to confirmation in an independent prospective trial of dovitinib in RCC patients.
Associations between physical activity patterns and quality of life in persons with type 2 diabetes: A cross sectional study
Authors: Abonie Ulric Sena , Ofori ‐ Ampomah Ama Kissiwaa , Makinyi Vincent , Addo Raphael Aseye , Kumah Laureen 
Published: August 2023

Background
Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem globally and particularly in Ghana. Regular physical activity is important in the management of type 2 diabetes and in improving quality of life of persons with type 2 diabetes. However, there is a lack of data reporting on how physical activity relate to quality of life in persons with diabetes in Ghana. This study explored how physical activity patterns relate to quality of life in persons with type 2 diabetes from a major tertiary hospital in Ghana.

Methods
One hundred and twenty-one (121) persons with type 2 diabetes (age, 30–60 years) filled in questionnaires on their physical activity patterns (time spent in sitting, walking, moderate-intensity activities, and vigorous-intensity activities) and quality of life (diabetes control, anxiety and worry, social burden, sexual functioning, energy and mobility). The relationships between the variables were examined using spearman correlation.

Results
Time spent in sitting, walking, moderate-intensity activities and vigorous-intensity activities were 1677.7±401.5min, 464.1±296.0MET-min, 241.2±65.8MET-min and 1956.5±1251.0MET-min respectively. Walking was negatively related to energy and mobility (r = -.48, p<0.01), sexual functioning (r = -0.44, p<0.01), social burden (r = -0.41, p<0.01) and diabetes control (r = -0.56, p<0.01) domains of quality of life. Vigorous-intensity activities was negatively related to anxiety and worry (r = -0.20, p<0.05).

Conclusions
The results suggests that persons with type 2 diabetes who experience decline in energy and mobility, sexual functioning, and disease management, and heightened social burden, anxiety and worry may benefit from guidance on optimal physical activity behaviour in the form of walking to improve their quality of life.
Neoliberalismo em análise: entrevista com Christian Laval
Authors: Goulart Débora 
Published: August 2023

Desde 2004 quando seu livro A escola não é uma empresa foi publicado no Brasil pela primeira vez , a inserção de Christian Laval no campo educacional cresceu e tem sido uma referência para as pesquisas que buscam acompanhar o desenvolvimento do neoliberalismo após os anos 1990. Nesta entrevista, ele dialoga com outras teorias sobre o neoliberalismo, atualiza algumas questões sobre a educação no atual contexto e aponta para possíveis contribuições sobre o estudo do neoliberalismo após o lançamento do livro A escolha da guerra civil, de 2021. Laval analisa o crescimento da direita no mundo, mostra como a dimensão privada e estatal estão articuladas no neoliberalismo e faz algumas reflexões sobre as possíveis alternativas à racionalidade neoliberal, sempre tendo em vista os processos educacionais.
Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy May Be Safe in Solid-Organ Transplant Patients With Achalasia
Authors: Hansen Spencer , Hamo Falak , Samo Salih 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Peroral endoscopy myotomy (POEM) is a safe and effective therapy for achalasia among the general population. However, data regarding its safety and efficacy in organ transplant recipients are lacking. These patients present unique risks and challenges because of chronic immunosuppression. We present 3 cases of successful POEM performed safely for achalasia in patients with previous solid-organ transplantation without interruption of their immunosuppression medications. This case series suggests that POEM may be safe in solid-organ transplant recipients.
Interdiffusion between 316L Stainless Steel and Copper in Coatings Processed by High Velocity Oxyfuel
Authors: Cruz Juliane Ribeiro da , Colombes Andressa , d’Oliveira Ana Sofia C. M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractJoining of stainless steel and copper is of interest to a variety of applications that range from heat exchanger to nuclear waste container. Nevertheless, welding of these dissimilar metals is challenging because of the risk of hot cracks and lack of fusion associated with their differences in melting temperatures and thermal conductivities. In this work, joining of 316L stainless steel and copper by high velocity oxyfuel is investigated using two systems of materials, the first consisting of copper coatings on AISI 316 substrates, and the second of 316L coatings on copper substrates. To promote metallurgical bonding, the systems were exposed to 500°C, 700°C, 900°C, and 950°C for 10 h under flowing argon atmosphere. Microstructure was characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Bending tests were carried out to qualitatively investigate the coatings adhesion and cohesion strength. It was found that 316L coatings have a much superior adhesion to copper substrates than copper coatings had to AISI 316 substrates, associated with the ease of 316L incoming particles to embed in the softer copper matrix and with the higher susceptibility of 316L coatings to diffuse into copper substrates. In contrast, in copper coatings, copper oxides formed during deposition decomposed during heat treatment, releasing oxygen that caused porosity and oxidation on the interface with the stainless-steel substrate, preventing the formation of a clean metallurgical bond. Diffusion of iron-rich oxide inward the copper coating was also observed near the interface, indicating that diffusion of steel into copper is more likely than diffusion of copper into steel. Nevertheless, heat exposure was found to increase damage tolerance of copper coatings, associated with a higher coating ductility and compliance.
Cholinergic Reinforcement Signaling Is Impaired by Amyloidosis Prior to Its Synaptic Loss
Authors: Allard Simon , Hussain Shuler Marshall G. 
Published: August 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with amyloidosis and dysfunction of the cholinergic system, which is crucial for learning and memory. However, the nature of acetylcholine signaling within regions of cholinergic-dependent plasticity and how it changes with experience is poorly understood, much less the impact of amyloidosis on this signaling. Therefore, we optically measure the release profile of acetylcholine to unexpected, predicted, and predictive events in visual cortex (VC)—a site of known cholinergic-dependent plasticity—in a preclinical mouse model of AD that develops amyloidosis. We find that acetylcholine exhibits reinforcement signaling qualities, reporting behaviorally relevant outcomes and displaying release profiles to predictive and predicted events that change as a consequence of experience. We identify three stages of amyloidosis occurring before the degeneration of cholinergic synapses within VC and observe that cholinergic responses in amyloid-bearing mice become impaired over these stages, diverging progressively from age- and sex-matched littermate controls. In particular, amyloidosis degrades the signaling of unexpected rewards and punishments, and attenuates the experience-dependent (1) increase of cholinergic responses to outcome predictive visual cues, and (2) decrease of cholinergic responses to predicted outcomes. Hyperactive spontaneous acetylcholine release occurring transiently at the onset of impaired cholinergic signaling is also observed, further implicating disrupted cholinergic activity as an early functional biomarker in AD. Our findings suggest that acetylcholine acts as a reinforcement signal that is impaired by amyloidosis before pathologic degeneration of the cholinergic system, providing a deeper understanding of the effects of amyloidosis on acetylcholine signaling and informing future interventions for AD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe cholinergic system is especially vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of amyloidosis, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Though amyloid-induced cholinergic synaptic loss is thought in part to account for learning and memory impairments in AD, little is known regarding how amyloid impacts signaling of the cholinergic system before its anatomic degeneration. Optical measurement of acetylcholine (ACh) release in a mouse model of AD that develops amyloidosis reveals that ACh signals reinforcement and outcome prediction that is disrupted by amyloidosis before cholinergic degeneration. These observations have important scientific and clinical implications: they implicate ACh signaling as an early functional biomarker, provide a deeper understanding of the action of acetylcholine, and inform on when and how intervention may best ameliorate cognitive decline in AD.
Physical Activity Among Adolescent Cancer Survivors: The PACCS Study
Authors: Grydeland May , Bratteteig Mari , Rueegg Corina S. , Lie Hanne C. , Thorsen Lene , Larsen Elna H. , Brügmann-Pieper Sabine , Torsvik Ingrid K. , Götte Miriam , Lähteenmäki Päivi M. , Kriemler Susi , Fridh Martin K. , Anderssen Sigmund A. , Ruud Ellen 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES
Physical activity (PA) may modify risks of late effects after cancer. We aimed to examine levels of PA and sedentary time (ST) in a large, international sample of adolescent childhood cancer survivors in relation to sociodemographic and cancer-related factors and compare levels of PA and ST to reference cohorts.

METHODS
Survivors from any cancer diagnosis who had completed cancer treatment ≥1 year ago, aged 9 to 16 years, were eligible for the multicenter Physical Activity in Childhood Cancer Survivors study. PA and ST were measured by ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers. We performed linear regression analyses to assess factors associated with moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and ST, and compared marginal means of total PA, MVPA, and ST in 432 survivors to sex- and age-stratified references (2-year intervals) using immediate t-tests for aggregated data.

RESULTS
Among survivors, 34% fulfilled the World Health Organization’s PA recommendation of ≥60 min of daily MVPA on average and their ST was 8.7 hours per day. Being female, older, overweight, a survivor of central nervous system tumor, or having experienced relapse were associated with lower MVPA and/or higher ST. Generally, male survivors spent less time in MVPA compared with references, whereas female survivors had similar levels. Both male and female survivors had higher ST than references in nearly all age groups.

CONCLUSIONS
The low PA and high ST in this large sample of adolescent childhood cancer survivors is worrisome. Combined, our results call for targeted interventions addressing both PA and ST in follow-up care after childhood cancer.
IDENTIFYING STUDENTS’ INFORMATION NEEDS IN THE ERA OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES: IS SERBIA ON THE THRESHOLD OF CHANGE?
Authors: Peric Ana 
Published: August 2023

The paper presents the use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in teaching and for research purposes at the Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade. The aim is to consider opportunities and representation of ICT use for the promotion of architectural education, and ways to overcome current barriers when using ICT as well. After giving a short review of the history of ICT, the current status and the level of ICT implementation at the Faculty of Architecture are briefly shown. Also, a survey was conducted to determine the extent to which students use ICT for research and learning. Respondents expressed their preferences regarding learning using electronic materials and services. The survey results highlighted solutions to help students in this era of information overload and rapid development of technology. Key words: e-services; Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade; information and communication technologies; professional architectural education. -------------------------- U radu su prikazani načini uporabe informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija (IKT) u nastavi i u istraživačke svrhe na Arhitektonskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Beogradu. Cilj rada je provjera mogućnosti uporabe IKT za promociju arhitektonskog obrazovanja te načina za prevladavanje trenutnih prepreka prilikom upotrebe IKT-a. Nakon kratkog povijesnog pregleda IKT-a, prikazano je trenutno stanje i razina primjene IKT-a na Arhitektonskom fakultetu. Također, istraživanje je provedeno s ciljem da se utvrdi koliko studenti upotrebljavaju IKT prilikom istraživanja i učenja. Ispitanici su izrazili čemu daju prednost u vezi s primjenom elektroničkih materijala i usluga u svrhu učenja. Rezultati ankete prikazuju načine za pomoć studentima u eri preopterećenosti informacijama i brzog razvoja tehnologija. Ključne riječi: Arhitektonski fakultet Sveučilišta u Beogradu, elektronički servisi, informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije, profesionalno obrazovanje arhitekata.
ANIMATIONS MADE IN MATLAB AND THEIR APPLICATION FOR DIDACTIC PURPOSES
Authors: Takaci Djurdjica , Dimovski Igor Nikola 
Published: August 2023

The aim of this paper is to show how dynamic multimedia tool in Matlab (animation) can be made and how the animations and movies can be used for didactic purposes, or to be more precise, how they can be integrated into the teaching process. This paper is a part of a more complex research whose aim is to investigate the impact of the information technology on the quality of mathematical knowledge related to functions. Analysis of the results of a research conducted on a sample of 30 students before and after performing the innovated teaching with the application of the information technology showed a significant impact of the IT application on the quality of knowledge related to functions. The t-test showed that, with the probability of 99%, it can be concluded that the results of the students after carrying out such type of innovated teaching were significantly better than their results on analogue contents taught through classical teaching. Key words: animations created in Matlab, dynamic multimedia tools, integration of the educational ICT materials in teaching, movie (.avi file), verbal and visual learning ------------- Cilj ovog rada je pokazati kako se može načiniti dinamički multimedijski alat u Matlabu (animacija) i kako se animacije i filmovi mogu koristiti za didaktičke svrhe, ili, da budemo precizniji, kako mogu biti integrirani u nastavni proces. Ovaj rad je dio složenijeg istraživanja čiji je cilj istražiti utjecaj informacijske tehnologije na kvalitetu matematičkih znanja vezanih uz funkcije. Analiza rezultata istraživanja, provedenog na uzorku od 30 studenata prije i nakon izvođenja inovativne nastave uz primjenu informacijskih tehnologija, pokazala je značajan utjecaj primjene informacijskih tehnologija na kvalitetu znanja vezanih uz funkcije. T-test je pokazao da se, uz vjerojatnost od 99%, može zaključiti da su rezultati studenata nakon izvođenja ovog oblika inovativne nastave bili znatno bolji od rezultata iste skupine studenata na analognim sadržajima tijekom klasične nastave. Ključne riječi: animacije stvorene u Matlabu, dinamički multimedijski alati, integracija ICT obrazovnih materijala u nastavi, film (.avi datoteka.), verbalno i vizualno učenje
DIFFERENCES IN MOTOR ABILITIES OF MALE AND FEMALE FIFTH AND SIXTH GRADE PUPILS / RAZLIKE U MOTORIČKIM SPOSOBNOSTIMA IZMEĐU UČENIKA I UČENICA 5. I 6. RAZREDA
Authors: Badrić Marko 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARY The aim of this study is to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference in motor abilities of boys and girls in the fifth and sixth grade. Discriminant analysis results showed a statistically significant difference between boys and girls in the fifth and sixth grade in motor abilities (p=0,00). The most signifiicant differences are observable in coordination and explosive strength in favor of boys (p=0.00) and flexibility in favor of girls (p=0.00). Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that boys and girls differ in motor abilities at the age of 11. Boys are more dominant in the abilities that develop under the influence of physical exercise, while girls show much better results in flexibility. It can therefore be concluded that irregular exercise results in poorer development of motor abilities in girls than in boys. Key words: anthropological characteristics, gender differences, school ---- SAŽETAK Cilj rada je utvrditi postoji li statistički značajna razlika u motoričkim sposobnostima između učenika i učenica 5. i 6. razreda osnovne škole. Rezultati diskriminacijske analize pokazuju postojanje statistički značajne razlike između dječaka i djevojčica 5. i 6. razreda u motoričkim sposobnostima (p=0,00) i ta se značajnost povećava porastom dobi. Najveće razlike očituju se u prostoru koordinacije i eksplozivne snage u korist dječaka (p=0,00) i fleksibilnosti u korist djevojčica (p=0,00). Na osnovi dobivenih rezultata može se zaključiti da se dječaci i djevojčice razlikuju u motoričkim sposobnostima već od 11. godine. Dječaci su dominantniji u sposobnostima koje se razvijaju pod utjecajem tjelesnog vježbanja, dok djevojčice pokazuju puno bolje rezultate u fleksibilnosti. Zasigurno se može zaključiti da neredovito tjelesno vježbanje rezultira slabijim razvojem motoričkih sposobnosti kod djevojčica u odnosu na dječake. Ključne riječi: škola, antropološka obilježja, spolne razlike
SOCIAL-CONTEXTUAL DETERMINANTS OF PARENTAL BEHAVIOUR OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN'S MOTHERS AND FATHERS / SOCIJALNO-KONTEKSTUALNE ODREDNICE RODITELJSKOG PONAŠANJA OČEVA I MAJKI PREDŠKOLSKE DJECE
Authors: Štironja Borić Ana , Roščić Sanda , Sedmak Maja , Šepčević Anja , Keresteš Gordana 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTBased on Belsky's (1984) model of parenting determinants, the study examined the contribution of social-contextual factors (quality of marriage indexed by marital satisfaction, perceived social support and parent-employee interrole conflict) to individual differences in parenting behaviour of parents of preschool children. The sample of participants was made up of 130 married and employed couples with preschool children. They were asked to fill in the questionnaires on demographic factors, dimensions of parenting behavior (positive parenting, negative parenting and permissiveness), and features of social context. The results showed that by features of social context only positive parenting could be predicted, but not negative parenting and permissiveness. Marital satisfaction and social support were significant contextual predictors for positive maternal parenting. Social support was a significant predictor for positive paternal parenting. The results did not support Belsky's hypothesis of marital relationship as the key contextual determinat of parenting. Key words: marital satisfaction, parenting, social support, parent-employee interrole conflict-----SAŽETAK Na temelju modela odrednica roditeljstva (Belsky, 1984) ispitan je doprinos obilježja socijalnog konteksta u kojem se zbiva odnos roditelj-dijete (zadovoljstva brakom, percipirane socijalne podrške te sukoba roditeljske i radne uloge) s individualnim razlikama u roditeljskom ponašanju roditelja predškolske djece. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 130 parova zaposlenih roditelja predškolske djece koji su ispunili upitnike o demografskim karakteristikama, roditeljskom ponašanju (pozitivno i negativno roditeljstvo te popustljivost) i obilježjima socijalnog konteksta. Pokazalo se da je na temelju socijalnog konteksta moguće predvidjeti pozitivno roditeljsko ponašanje, ali ne i negativno roditeljsko ponašanje i popustljivost. Značajni prediktori majčina pozitivnog roditeljstva bili su zadovoljstvo brakom i socijalna podrška, a očeva pozitivnog roditeljstva socijalna podrška. Rezultati nisu podržali hipotezu Belskog o bračnom odnosu kao najznačajnijoj kontekstualnoj odrednici roditeljstva. Ključne riječi: bračno zadovoljstvo, roditeljstvo, socijalna podrška, sukob roditeljske i radne uloge