bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding of Degradation Mechanism by Exciton Dynamics and Enhancement of Operational Lifetime by Exciton Management in Blue Fluorescent OLEDs Based on Hybridized Local and Charge‐Transfer Molecule
Authors: Guo Kaiwen , Lin Chengwei , Wu Yibing , Xiao Shu , Qiao Xianfeng , Yang Dezhi , Dai Yanfeng , Sun Qian , Chen Jiangshan , Hu Dehua , Ying Lei , Ma Yuguang , Ma Dongge 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe operational lifetime of blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) is still insufficient for practical applications in lighting and display. One type of blue organic emitting materials with hybridized local and charge‐transfer (HLCT) process are beneficial in achieving high‐efficiency OLEDs through “hot exciton” channel by harnessing high‐lying triplet (Tn) excitons. However, the operational lifetime of the resulting blue OLEDs is rarely studied and understood. In this article, the aging properties of blue fluorescent OLEDs based on an HLCT material (2‐(4‐(10‐(3‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)phenyl)anthracen‐9‐yl)phenyl)‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazole) (PAC) are systematically investigated by exciton dynamics calculation and transient EL experiments. It is experimentally and theoretically revealed that whether the reverse intersystem crossing (hRISC) process from high‐lying excited triplet to singlet in HLCT materials is completely effective determines the device degradation. A fluorescent emitter is doped into PAC host to accelerate the hRISC process, thus enhancing device operational lifetime to reach T75 = 110 ± 2 h (time to 75% of initial luminance) under 1000 cd m−2. This work provides inspirations to investigate the stability of blue fluorescent OLEDs based on HCLT materials and further enhance the operational lifetime.
Portable Paper‐Based Nucleic Acid Enrichment for Field Testing
Authors: Mei Junyang , Wang Dandan , Zhang Yiheng , Wu Dan , Cui Jinhui , Gan Mingzhe , Liu Peifeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPoint‐of‐care testing (POCT) can be the method of choice for detecting infectious pathogens; these pathogens are responsible for not only infectious diseases such as COVID‐19, but also for certain types of cancers. For example, infections by human papillomavirus (HPV) or Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are the main cause of cervical and stomach cancers, respectively. COVID‐19 and many cancers are treatable with early diagnoses using POCT. A variety of nucleic acid testing have been developed for use in resource‐limited environments. However, questions like unintegrated nucleic acid extraction, open detection systems increase the risk of cross‐contamination, and dependence on expensive equipment and alternating current (AC) power supply, significantly limit the application of POCT, especially for on‐site testing. In this paper, a simple portable platform is reported capable of rapid sample‐to‐answer testing within 30 min based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) at a lower temperature, to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 virus and H. pylori bacteria with a limit of detection as low as 4 × 102 copies mL−1. The platform used a battery‐powered portable reader for on‐chip one‐pot amplification and fluorescence detection, and can test for multiple (up to four) infectious pathogens simultaneously. This platform can provide an alternative method for fast and reliable on‐site diagnostic testing.
Hydrogen Intercalation‐Induced Crystallization of Ternary PdNiP Alloy Nanoparticles For Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells
Authors: Cheng Hongfei , Zhou Jun , Xie Huiqing , Zhang Songlin , Zhang Jintao , Sun Shengnan , Luo Ping , Lin Ming , Wang Shijie , Pan Zhenghui , Wang John , Loh Xian Jun , Liu Zhaolin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDirect formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) are among the promising energy sources in the future low‐carbon economy. A key challenge hindering their scale‐up and commercialization is the lack of efficient electrocatalysts for anodic formic acid oxidation (FAO). Very recently, the FAO performance of palladium hydrides (PdHx) has been found to be superior to the pristine Pd that is well known for its high intrinsic FAO activity. However, there is enormous space for the controlled synthesis and electrocatalytic behaviors of PdHx‐based nanomaterials awaiting to be explored. Herein, the hydrogen intercalation‐induced crystallization of PdNiP alloy nanoparticles is reported, and the obtained PdNiP‐H nanoparticles exhibit excellent FAO performance. Of particular note, the FAO stability of PdNiP‐H is much better than that of pristine Pd‐H. Furthermore, the PdNiP‐H nanoparticles are used as the anode catalyst in a prototype DFAFC, which demonstrate much higher power density than commercial Pd/C. Density functional theory calculations show that the synergistic effect of alloying Ni and P endows the PdNiP‐H with a higher preference toward FAO via the direct pathway and better anti‐CO* poisoning capability. This work shines new light on the development of PdHx‐based nanoalloys with good activity and stability for DFAFC applications.
TELO2‐related syndrome (You‐Hoover‐Fong syndrome): Description of 14 new affected individuals and review of the literature
Authors: Albokhari Daniah , Pritchard Amanda Barone , Beil Adelyn , Muss Candace , Bupp Caleb , Grange Dorothy K. , Delplancq Geoffroy , Heeley Jennifer , Zuteck Melissa , Morrow Michelle M. , Kuentz Paul , Palculict Timothy Blake , Hoover‐Fong Julie E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractYou‐Hoover‐Fong syndrome (YHFS) is an autosomal recessive condition caused by pathogenic variants in the TELO2 gene. Affected individuals were reported to have global developmental delay, intellectual disability, microcephaly, dysmorphic facial features, ocular involvement including cortical visual impairment, strabismus, cataract and rotatory nystagmus, movement disorder, hypertonia and spasticity, balance disturbance and ataxia, and abnormal sleep pattern. Other features reported include poor growth, cleft palate, cardiac malformations, epilepsy, scoliosis, and hearing loss. To date, 12 individuals with YHFS have been reported in the literature. Here we describe 14 new individuals with YHFS from 10 families. Their clinical presentation provides additional support of the phenotype recognized previously and delineates the clinical spectrum associated with YHFS syndrome. In addition, we present a review of the literature including follow‐up data on four previously reported individuals with YHFS.
The impact of attending historically Black colleges and universities on cognitive decline in Black adults: A longitudinal analysis in the KHANDLE and STAR cohorts
Authors: Thomas Marilyn D. , Calmasini Camilla , Khela Harmon , Mobley Taylor M. , Mayeda Elizabeth Rose , Mangurian Christina , Barnes Lisa L. , Gilsanz Paola , Whitmer Rachel A. , Glymour M. Maria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONBlack students attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs) versus historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) report more harmful discrimination and develop worse mental health outcomes, potentially offsetting the established benefits of college for lowering dementia incidence.METHODSBlack participants in two cohorts (the Kaiser Healthy Aging and Diverse Life Experiences [KHANDLE] and the Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans [STAR]) who had attended college (N = 716) self‐reported the college name (classified as HBCU vs. PWI) and completed three waves of executive function (EF) and verbal episodic memory (VEM) assessments. HBCU effects on cognitive level and decline were estimated using adjusted linear mixed‐effects models.RESULTSHBCU (vs. PWI) attendees averaged better EF (β = 0.05 [−0.22, 0.32]) and VEM (β = 0.21 [−0.06, 0.46]) at age 70 though neither association was statistically significant. HBCU attendance was associated with slightly faster VEM decline (β = −0.03 [−0.05, 0.00]).DISCUSSIONHarmonized analyses with larger studies are needed to estimate important effects of HBCU attendance.Highlights
Higher education is robustly linked to lower dementia risk, yet Black–White inequities persist among college‐educated adults.
Black students attending predominantly White institutions (PWIs) versus historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) report more harmful discrimination and develop worse mental health outcomes, which may offset the established benefits of college for lowering dementia incidence.
HBCU (vs. non‐HBCU) attendees averaged better executive function and verbal episodic memory (VEM) at average age 70, though confidence intervals were wide and associations were not statistically significant, and averaged slightly faster decline in VEM.
Harmonized analyses using larger nationally representative studies are likely needed to avoid underestimating the health effects of HBCU attendance.
Molecular Engineering To Enhance Reactivity and Selectivity in an Ultrafast Photoclick Reaction
Authors: Fu Youxin , Simeth Nadja A. , Toyoda Ryojun , Brilmayer Robert , Szymanski Wiktor , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLight‐induced 9,10‐phenanthrenequinone‐electron‐rich alkene (PQ‐ERA) photocycloadditions are an attractive new type of photoclick reaction, featuring fast conversions and high biocompatibility. However, the tunability of the reaction was hardly investigated up to now. To this end, we explored the influence of substituents on both reaction partners and the reaction rate between the PQs and ERAs. We identified new handles for functionalization and discovered that using enamines as ERAs leads to drastically enhanced rates (>5400 times faster), high photoreaction quantum yields (ΦP, up to 65 %), and multicolor emission output as well as a high fluorescence quantum yield of the adducts (ΦF, up to 97 %). Further investigation of the photophysical and photochemical properties provided insights to design orthogonal reaction systems both in solution and on nanoparticle surfaces for ultrafast chemoselective functionalization by photoclick reactions.
A Dual‐Metal‐Catalyzed Sequential Cascade Reaction in an Engineered Protein Cage**
Authors: Ebensperger Paul , Zmyslia Mariia , Lohner Philipp , Braunreuther Judith , Deuringer Benedikt , Becherer Anita , Süss Regine , Fischer Anna , Jessen‐Trefzer Claudia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein, we describe the creation of an artificial protein cage housing a dual‐metal‐tagged guest protein that catalyzes a linear, two‐step sequential cascade reaction. The guest protein consists of a fusion protein of HaloTag and monomeric rhizavidin. Inside the protein capsid, we established a ruthenium‐catalyzed allylcarbamate deprotection reaction followed by a gold‐catalyzed ring‐closing hydroamination reaction that led to indoles and phenanthridines with an overall yield of up to 66 % in aqueous solutions. Furthermore, we show that the encapsulation stabilizes the metal catalysts against deactivation by air, proteins and cell lysate.
Harnessing the Structure‐Performance Relationships in Designing Non‐Fused Ring Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Mishra Amaresh , Sharma Ganesh D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe prerequisite for commercially viable organic solar cells (OSC) is to reduce the efficiency‐stability‐cost gap. Therefore, the cost of organic materials should be reduced by minimizing the synthetic steps, yet maintaining the molecular planarity and efficiencies achieved by the fused ring acceptors (FRA). In this respect, developing non‐fused ring acceptors (NFRA) with suitable functionalization to favor conformational planarity and effective molecular packing is beneficial and cost‐effective. Presently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) for NFRAs is around 16 %, yet lower than the 19 % achieved for FRAs. Despite their potential, a thorough understanding of the effective structural design of NFRAs is necessary for developing efficient OSCs. This article pays special attention to the molecular design concept for NFRAs developed in the last years and analyzed the approach toward materials design and efficiency improvement, an important step toward technological application.
The quantification of anisotropy in graphene/natural rubber nanocomposites: Evaluation of the aspect ratio, concentration, and crosslinking
Authors: Strommer Bettina , Schulze Dietmar , Schartel Bernhard , Böhning Martin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the processing of nanocomposites, high shear stresses at elevated temperatures orient two‐dimensional nanoparticles like graphene. This orientation leads to anisotropic mechanical, thermal or barrier properties of the nanocomposite. This anisotropy is addressed in this study by comparing graphene (few‐layer graphene, FLG) with a nanoscaled carbon black (nCB) at a filler content of 3 phr, by varying the vulcanization, and by comparing different FLG contents. Transmission electron microscopy gives insight into the qualitative orientation in the nanocomposite with FLG or nCB. The storage moduli parallel and normal to the orientation reveal the direction dependency of reinforcement through dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Dimensional swelling measurements show a restriction of the expansion parallel to the FLG orientation, and an increased expansion normal to the orientation. The vulcanization system and crosslinking determine the respective level of property values, and higher crosslinking densities increase the anisotropy in DMA resulting in values of up to 2.9 for the quantified anisotropy factor. With increasing FLG content, the anisotropy increases. A comparison of the results reveals swelling measurements as the most suitable method for the determination of anisotropy. Compared to recent literature, the presented processing induces higher anisotropy, leading to higher reinforcing effects in the direction of orientation.
An integral‐differential combined type event‐triggered model predictive control for perturbed linear systems
Authors: He Ning , Bai Botao , Xu Zhongxian , Li Yuxiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn integral‐differential combined (IDC) type event‐triggered model predictive control (ET‐MPC) strategy is constructed for linear time‐invariant (LTI) systems in this paper. Compared with the standard ET‐MPC method, the proposed MPC algorithm is developed based on an IDC type event‐triggering mechanism (ETM), which takes both the integral and change rate of the error between the optimal prediction and the real state into the consideration for the construction of the triggering condition. In this way, the dynamic performance can be considered more comprehensively, for effectively reducing the calculation and communication burdens of the ET‐MPC method. In addition, an improved robust constraint is used to deal with additive disturbances, and the dual‐mode control method is employed in the development of the strategy. Then the parameter conditions guaranteeing the iterative feasibility of the proposed algorithm, the closed‐loop stability of the LTI system, and the avoidance of Zeno behavior are given. Finally, two simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm.
The evolution of the UV/optical lag spectrum of NGC 7469 seen by the Liverpool Telescope
Authors: Vincentelli F. M. , Beard M. , Hardy I. Mc , Cackett E. , Horne K. , Pahari M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present the results regarding the analysis of an intensive monitoring of the Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) NGC 7469. We observed the source for 4 months with almost daily cadence in the ugriz bands, using the IO:O on the Liverpool Telescope. We measured the lags with respect to the u band and found a clear change in the lag spectrum between the first and the second half of the campaign. Given that the source varies on different timescales during these two segments, it is likely that different components are dominating the variability at different times. This result further confirms that reverberation models require a more complex geometry than a static illuminating point source and that particular attention has to be given in the interpretation of these delays.
Mixed reality technology enhances teaching of spinal blockade procedures
Authors: Wu Liulei , Lin Jiehui , Liu Yaqi , Wei Zhujun , Chen Chunmei , Zhuang Yuandong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo investigate the efficacy of utilizing mixed reality technology‐assisted teaching of a spinal medial branch nerve block. Twenty undergraduate students from a 5‐year clinical medicine program in Fujian Medical University were selected. They were divided into group A and group B using a random number generator, with 10 students in each group. Group A used the traditional teaching method and Group B used the mixed reality technology‐assisted teaching method. At the end of the teaching period, both groups were assessed on the blocking operation, number of punctures required, puncture time, and final error value (distance between the final position and the reference position). A questionnaire was administered to both groups to assess teaching satisfaction. The number of punctures required was 7.40 ± 1.26 and 2.10 ± 0.74 for groups A and B, respectively. The puncture time in group A was 297.80 ± 50.95 s and 65.60 ± 22.02 s in group B. All differences were significant p < 0.01. The final error of the puncture in group A was 2.24 ± 0.35 mm and 1.96 ± 0.26 mm in group B—not significant. Group B had (p < 0.01) higher evaluation scores than group A for teaching effectiveness, learning interest, initiative, and teaching satisfaction. The application of mixed reality technology in the teaching of posterior medial branch blocks of the spinal nerve is superior to previous methods. This method should be adopted wherever possible to enhance learning of this difficult technique.
Is local review of positron emission tomography scans sufficient in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma clinical trials? A CALGB 50303 analysis
Authors: Torka Pallawi , Pederson Levi D. , Knopp Michael V. , Poon David , Zhang Jun , Kahl Brad S. , Higley Howard R. , Kelloff Gary , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Schwartz Lawrence H. , Wilson Wyndham H. , Leonard John P. , Bartlett Nancy L. , Schöder Heiko , Ruppert Amy S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundQuantitative methods of Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDG‐PET) interpretation, including the percent change in FDG uptake from baseline (ΔSUV), are under investigation in lymphoma to overcome challenges associated with visual scoring systems (VSS) such as the Deauville 5‐point scale (5‐PS).MethodsIn CALGB 50303, patients with DLBCL received frontline R‐CHOP or DA‐EPOCH‐R, and although there were no significant associations between interim PET responses assessed centrally after cycle 2 (iPET) using 5‐PS with progression‐free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS), there were significant associations between central determinations of iPET ∆SUV with PFS/OS. In this patient cohort, we retrospectively compared local vs central iPET readings and evaluated associations between local imaging data and survival outcomes.ResultsAgreement between local and central review was moderate (kappa = 0.53) for VSS and high (kappa = 0.81) for ∆SUV categories (<66% vs. ≥66%). ∆SUV ≥66% at iPET was significantly associated with PFS (p = 0.03) and OS (p = 0.002), but VSS was not. Associations with PFS/OS when applying local review vs central review were comparable.ConclusionsThese data suggest that local PET interpretation for response determination may be acceptable in clinical trials. Our findings also highlight limitations of VSS and call for incorporation of more objective measures of response assessment in clinical trials.
Jiangchuanmycin, a New Pyrrolizidine Analog from Streptomyces sp. YIM S01863
Authors: Xu Yuan , Hu Bin‐Yuan , Qin Yan , Zhuang Lu , Yang Ya‐Bin , Zhao Li‐Xing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractJiangchuanmycin (1), a new indole containing pyrrolizidine, and six known peptides (2–7) were obtained from the fermentation broth of a Streptomyces isolate collected from a sediment sample of Xingyun Lake, Jiangchuan, China. Their structures were elucidated on the detailed analysis of the HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR, ECD, and X‐ray crystallographic data. Jiangchuanmycin (1) presented weak inhibitory effects on cell lines of H1299, MHCC97H, HCT116 with the IC50 values of 97.6 μM, 98.6 μM and 40.6 μM, respectively.
Droplet Shape and Drag Coefficients in Non‐Newtonian Fluids: A Review
Authors: Li Shaobai , Sun Xuelin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe motion of droplets in non‐Newtonian fluids is widely present in ubiquitous industrial processes. Understanding the droplet motion characteristics is important for optimizing the design of related processes. Here the progress in the research on the droplet motion characteristics in non‐Newtonian fluids is reviewed. The mechanism of droplet deformation in non‐Newtonian fluids were elucidated, the influence of different rheological properties on droplet shape was discussed, and the empirical correlations of droplet aspect ratio were summarized. Moreover, the dimensionless correlations of drag coefficient were discussed. There are relatively few drag coefficient correlations of droplets in non‐Newtonian fluids, while the correlation of drag coefficients of bubbles in non‐Newtonian fluids can provide some reference. Finally, the possible prospects for future studies of the subject were proposed.
Synthesis, Characterization and Singlet Fission Behaviors of Heteroatom‐Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with (β, β) Connected Furan/Thiophene Ring
Authors: Huang Wenting , Qiu Meizhen , Yu Fei , Chen Jiawen , Li Xiaojun , Wei Qi , Xing Guichuan , Wu Bo , Chen Wangqiao , Zhang Qichun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSinglet fission (SF) has been proven to be an effective strategy to overcome the Shockley–Queisser limit of photovoltaics. However, the materials suitable for SF are relatively rare due to the strict requirements for the occurrence of this process. In the present study, we report the first preparation of two heteroatoms (O and S)‐doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) molecules with (β, β) connected furan/thiophene ring. The optical and physiochemical properties of both compounds are investigated by a variety of spectroscopies, including UV–vis absorption, photoluminescence and cyclic voltammetry. In addition, their ultrafast excited state dynamics are studied by femtosecond transient absorption. Experimental data showed that the singlet fission efficiency was improved by 2 times when replacing oxygen with sulfur atom, which could provide some guidelines in designing singlet fission materials with better efficiency.
Tuning Polymer Molecular Weight Distribution in Cationic RAFT Polymerization by Mixing Chain Transfer Agents†
Authors: Chen Miao , Li Jiajia , Xing Dong , Pan Xiangqiang , Zhu Jian 
Published: February 2023

Comprehensive SummaryPolymer dispersity (Đ) or molecular weight distribution (MWD) is a basic but vital parameter for the properties of polymeric materials. Developing new methodologies for controlling polymer MWD is emerging as a research hotspot. However, the methods to tune polymer MWD in cationic polymerization are still not well explored. Herein, we present a simple method to control the dispersity of poly(isobutyl vinyl ether) (PIBVE) by mixing two different chain transfer agents in batch visible light induced cationic RAFT polymerization. A broad dispersity range (Đ ≈ 1.16—1.80) was successfully achieved while maintaining monomodal MWD. Moreover, chain extension of PIBVE through both cationic polymerization and radical polymerization has been studied, which also provides a method to tune polymer MWD in mechanism transformation polymerization.