bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Establishment of Two Efficient Transformation Systems to Manipulate and Analyze Gene Functions in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
Authors: Wang Yanfang , Zhang Yanzi , Dai Chongjing , Ma Jun , Jaikishun Sirpaul , Li Wenqiang , Yang Zhenbiao , Xu Tongda , Song Shikui 
Published: August 2023

Quinoa (C. quinoa) is considered a gluten-free food with abundant nutrients and high tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses, which is the potential to become a major crop in future. Genetic manipulation will provide powerful tools to investigate the function and mechanism of those important genes in the regulation of quinoa development and stress responses, and further improve the quinoa in the field. However, the efficient plant transformation system for quinoa has not been well developed yet. Here, we established two rapid and efficient transformation systems for quinoa by using hairy roots and agroinfiltration of leaves, which provide useful tools for quick analysis of gene function. Hairy roots were obtained from three types of explants: cotyledon-nod with hypocotyl, cotyledon itself, and hypocotyl pieces. Interestingly, explants of cotyledon-nod with hypocotyl showed the highest transformation efficiency at 67.9%, and cotyledon displayed medium efficiency at 42.2%, while hypocotyl explants with the lowest at 31.6%. We also obtained transgenic quinoa roots successfully in-vivo, which showed low efficiency but provides a potential method to test gene functions in live plants. By using young leaves for agroinfiltration, direct injection showed a better transgenic effect compared with vacuum penetration. In juxtaposition, the transformation systems using both hairy root and leaf infiltration establish an efficient and convenient way to manipulate and analyze gene functions in quinoa, and a potential strategy for transgenic quinoa.
Inhibition of Mild Steel Corrosion by Leaves Extracts of Commelina benghalensis L In 1M HCl Solution
Authors: Akaaza J. N. , Baka M. L. , Nyior G. B. , Gundu D. T. , Ashwe A. 
Published: August 2023

The inhibition of mild steel corrosion in 1M HCl by leaves extracts of Commelina benghalensis L was investigated using weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization techniques at room (30 and elevated temperatures of 40, 50, 60 and 70. The results of weight loss technique showed that the inhibition efficiency increased with increase in extract concentration and exposure time but decreased with rise in temperature. The maximum inhibition efficiency obtained was 81.71 % at 0.5 g/L concentration of leaves extracts. Corrosion rates decreased with increased concentration of extracts but increased with increase in temperature. Potentiodynamic polarization method results indicated that Commelina benghalensis L is a mixed - type inhibitor as it modified both the anodic and cathodic reactions in 1M HCl solution. The adsorption of the extracts on the mild steel coupons was observed to follow Langmuir and Temkin adsorption isotherms. The negative values of Gibb’s free energy of adsorption ranged from -21.35 to -23.03 kJ/mol., this suggests that inhibitor molecules were physically and spontaneously adsorbed onto the metal surface.
Hepatitis C Treatment Initiation Among US Medicaid Enrollees
Authors: Kapadia Shashi N. , Zhang Hao , Gonzalez Christopher J. , Sen Bisakha , Franco Ricardo , Hutchings Kayla , Wethington Elaine , Talal Andrew , Lloyd Audrey , Dharia Arpan , Wells Martin , Bao Yuhua , Shapiro Martin F 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceDirect-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly effective but remains underused. Understanding disparities in the delivery of DAAs is important for HCV elimination planning and designing interventions to promote equitable treatment.ObjectiveTo examine variations in the receipt of DAA in the 6 months following a new HCV diagnosis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used national Medicaid claims from 2017 to 2019 from 50 states, Washington DC, and Puerto Rico. Individuals aged 18 to 64 years with a new diagnosis of HCV in 2018 were included. A new diagnosis was defined as a claim for an HCV RNA test followed by an International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnosis code, after a 1-year lookback period.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcome was receipt of a DAA prescription within 6 months of diagnosis. Logistic regression was used to examine demographic factors and ICD-10–identified comorbidities associated with treatment initiation.ResultsAmong 87 652 individuals, 43 078 (49%) were females, 12 355 (14%) were age 18 to 29 years, 35 181 (40%) age 30 to 49, 51 282 (46%) were non-Hispanic White, and 48 840 (49%) had an injection drug use diagnosis. Of these individuals, 17 927 (20%) received DAAs within 6 months of their first HCV diagnosis. In the regression analyses, male sex was associated with increased treatment initiation (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.16-1.33). Being age 18 to 29 years (OR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.50-0.85) and injection drug use (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75-0.94) were associated with decreased treatment initiation. After adjustment for state fixed effects, Asian race (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.40-0.64), American Indian or Alaska Native race (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.55-0.84), and Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.71-0.93) were associated with decreased treatment initiation. Adjustment for state Medicaid policy did not attenuate the racial or ethnic disparities.ConclusionsIn this retrospective cohort study, HCV treatment initiation was low among Medicaid beneficiaries and varied by demographic characteristics and comorbidities. Interventions are needed to increase HCV treatment uptake among Medicaid beneficiaries and to address disparities in treatment among key populations, including younger individuals, females, individuals from minoritized racial and ethnic groups, and people who inject drugs.
Mass‐Producible 3D Hair Structure‐Editable Silk‐Based Electronic Skin for Multiscenario Signal Monitoring and Emergency Alarming System
Authors: Ge Dan , Mi Qingling , Gong Ruixin , Li Shenghong , Qin Congcong , Dong Yanjuan , Yu Hou‐Yong , Tam Kam Chiu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStructurally tunable electronic skin (e‐skin) is beneficial for advancing wearable electronics, prosthetics, and human‐machine interaction (HMI). However, the regulation of e‐skin by traditional nanostructure technology is complex and expensive, moreover, the nanostructure's poor deformability leads to small detection range and low sensitivity. Herein, inspired by the structure of skin‐hair and insect burr, a polypyrrole‐silk/glycerol plasticized silk fibroin (P‐silk/RG) e‐skin fabricated by a simple 3D biomimetic structural strategy is reported. Benefitting from the editability (length, position) of this structure, P‐silk/RG has a signal selectivity, long‐cilia P‐silk/RG demonstrates high sensitivity (respond to weak signal‐airflow), while the short‐cilia P‐silk/RG exhibits wide pressure detection range (0.5–200 g) and high cycle stability (8000 compressions). Therefore, different forms of P‐silk/RG are used in different scenarios (long‐cilia for monitoring breathing and coughing for motion detection and disease diagnosis, short‐cilia for pressure‐sensitive Morse code). Besides, P‐silk/RG exhibits good waterproof, editable conductive points and easy device integration, providing the basis for underwater information transmission, multibit coded command output, and early warning for emergency sports accidents and sedentary. Surprisingly, combining this structure with textile weaving can be mass‐produced. Obviously, this 3D biomimetic structure strategy endows e‐skin with editability and improved scene adaptability to provide a favorable way for mass production.
Four Ounces Can Move a Thousand Pounds: The Enormous Value of Nanomaterials in Tumor Immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Ziyin , Yue Ziqi , Yang Kaiqi , Shen Congrong , Cheng Zhe , Zhou Xiaofeng , Li Shenglong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe application of nanomaterials in healthcare has emerged as a promising strategy due to their unique structural diversity, surface properties, and compositional diversity. In particular, nanomaterials have found a significant role in improving drug delivery and inhibiting the growth and metastasis of tumor cells. Moreover, recent studies have highlighted their potential in modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhancing the activity of immune cells to improve tumor therapy efficacy. Various types of nanomaterials are currently utilized as drug carriers, immunosuppressants, immune activators, immunoassay reagents, and more for tumor immunotherapy. Necessarily, nanomaterials used for tumor immunotherapy can be grouped into two categories: organic and inorganic nanomaterials. Though both have shown the ability to achieve the purpose of tumor immunotherapy, their composition and structural properties result in differences in their mechanisms and modes of action. Organic nanomaterials can be further divided into organic polymers, cell membranes, nanoemulsion‐modified, and hydrogel forms. At the same time, inorganic nanomaterials can be broadly classified as nonmetallic and metallic nanomaterials. The current work aims to explore the mechanisms of action of these different types of nanomaterials and their prospects for promoting tumor immunotherapy.
Reactive Oxygen Species‐Responsive Polymeric Prodrug Nanoparticles for Selective and Effective Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Zhang Yaming , Liu Lu , Wang Tianyi , Mao Cong , Shan Pengfei , Lau Chak Sing , Li Zhongyu , Guo Weisheng , Wang Weiping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is challenging to manage inflammatory diseases using traditional anti‐inflammatory drugs due to their limited efficacy and systemic side effects, which are a result of their lack of selectivity, poor stability, and low solubility. Herein, it reports the development of a novel nanoparticle system, called ROS‐CA‐NPs, which is formed using polymer‐cinnamaldehyde (CA) conjugates and is responsive to reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS‐CA‐NPs exhibit excellent drug stability, tissue selectivity, and controlled drug release upon oxidative stress activation. Using mouse models of chronic rheumatoid arthritis and acute ulcerative colitis, this study demonstrates that the systemic administration of ROS‐CA‐NPs results in their accumulation at inflamed lesions and leads to greater therapeutic efficacy compared to traditional drugs. Furthermore, ROS‐CA‐NPs present excellent biocompatibility. The findings suggest that ROS‐CA‐NPs have the potential to be developed as safe and effective nanotherapeutic agents for a broad range of inflammatory diseases.
Elucidation of Protonation Cooperativity of a STING‐Activating Polymer
Authors: Wang Maggie , Bennett Zachary T. , Singh Parnavi , Feng Qiang , Wilhelm Jonathan , Huang Gang , Gao Jinming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStimuli‐responsive nanomaterials have the potential to improve the performance and overcome existing barriers of conventional nanotherapeutics. Molecular cooperativity design in stimuli‐responsive nanomedicine can amplify physiological signals, enabling a cooperative response for improved diagnostic and therapeutic precision. Previously, this work reported an ultra‐pH‐sensitive polymer, PEG‐b‐PC7A, that possesses innate immune activating properties by binding to the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) through polyvalent phase condensation. This interaction enhances STING activation and synergizes with the endogenous STING ligand for robust cancer immunotherapy. Despite its successes in innate immune activation, the fundamental physicochemical and pH‐responsive properties of PC7A require further investigation. Here, this study elucidates the protonation cooperativity driven by the phase transition of PC7A copolymer. The highly cooperative system displays an “all‐or‐nothing” proton distribution between highly charged unimer (all) and neutral micelle (nothing) states without gradually protonated intermediates. The binary protonation behavior is further illustrated in pH‐precision‐controlled release of a representative anticancer drug, β‐lapachone, by PC7A micelles over a noncooperative PE5A polymer. Furthermore, the bimodal distribution of protons is represented by a high Hill coefficient (nH > 9), featuring strong positive cooperativity. This study highlights the nanoscale pH cooperativity of an immune activating polymer, providing insights into the physicochemical characterization and design parameters for future nanotherapeutics development.
EGFR‐Induced and c‐Src‐Mediated CD47 Phosphorylation Inhibits TRIM21‐Dependent Polyubiquitylation and Degradation of CD47 to Promote Tumor Immune Evasion
Authors: Du Linyong , Su Zhipeng , Wang Silu , Meng Ying , Xiao Fei , Xu Daqian , Li Xinjian , Qian Xu , Lee Su Bin , Lee Jong‐Ho , Lu Zhimin , Lyu Jianxin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTumor cells often overexpress immune checkpoint proteins, including CD47, for immune evasion. However, whether or how oncogenic activation of receptor tyrosine kinases, which are crucial drivers in tumor development, regulates CD47 expression is unknown. Here, it is demonstrated that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation induces CD47 expression by increasing the binding of c‐Src to CD47, leading to c‐Src‐mediated CD47 Y288 phosphorylation. This phosphorylation inhibits the interaction between the ubiquitin E3 ligase TRIM21 and CD47, thereby abrogating TRIM21‐mediated CD47 K99/102 polyubiquitylation and CD47 degradation. Knock‐in expression of CD47 Y288F reduces CD47 expression, increases macrophage phagocytosis of tumor cells, and inhibits brain tumor growth in mice. In contrast, knock‐in expression of CD47 K99/102R elicits the opposite effects compared to CD47 Y288F expression. Importantly, CD47‐SIRPα blockade with an anti‐CD47 antibody treatment significantly enhances EGFR‐targeted cancer therapy. In addition, CD47 expression levels in human glioblastoma (GBM) specimens correlate with EGFR and c‐Src activation and aggravation of human GBM. These findings elucidate a novel mechanism underlying CD47 upregulation in EGFR‐activated tumor cells and underscore the role of the EGFR‐c‐Src‐TRIM21‐CD47 signaling axis in tumor evasion and the potential to improve the current cancer therapy with a combination of CD47 blockade with EGFR‐targeted remedy.
Recent Advances in Flexible Wearable Supercapacitors: Properties, Fabrication, and Applications
Authors: Yan Zhe , Luo Sheji , Li Qi , Wu Zhong‐Shuai , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA supercapacitor is a potential electrochemical energy storage device with high‐power density (PD) for driving flexible, smart, electronic devices. In particular, flexible supercapacitors (FSCs) have reliable mechanical and electrochemical properties and have become an important part of wearable, smart, electronic devices. It is noteworthy that the flexible electrode, electrolyte, separator and current collector all play key roles in overall FSCs. In this review, the unique mechanical properties, structural designs and fabrication methods of each flexible component are systematically classified, summarized and discussed based on the recent progress of FSCs. Further, the practical applications of FSCs are delineated, and the opportunities and challenges of FSCs in wearable technologies are proposed. The development of high‐performance FSCs will greatly promote electricity storage toward more practical and widely varying fields. However, with the development of portable equipment, simple FSCs cannot satisfy the needs of integrated and intelligent flexible wearable devices for long durations. It is anticipated that the combining an FSC and a flexible power source such as flexible solar cells is an effective strategy to solve this problem. This review also includes some discussions of flexible self‐powered devices.
Stabilizing Non‐Fullerene Organic Photodiodes through Interface Engineering Enabled by a Tin Ion‐Chelated Polymer
Authors: Xiao Jianhua , Wang Yang , Yuan Liu , Long Yin , Jiang Zhi , Liu Qingxia , Gu Deen , Li Weizhi , Tai Huiling , Jiang Yadong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe recent emergence of non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) has energized the field of organic photodiodes (OPDs) and made major breakthroughs in their critical photoelectric characteristics. Yet, stabilizing inverted NF‐OPDs remains challenging because of the intrinsic degradation induced by improper interfaces. Herein, a tin ion‐chelated polyethyleneimine ethoxylated (denoted as PEIE‐Sn) is proposed as a generic cathode interfacial layer (CIL) of NF‐OPDs. The chelation between tin ions and nitrogen/oxygen atoms in PEIE‐Sn contributes to the interface compatibility with efficient NFAs. The PEIE‐Sn can effectively endow the devices with optimized cascade alignment and reduced interface defects. Consequently, the PEIE‐Sn‐OPD exhibits properties of anti‐environmental interference, suppressed dark current, and accelerated interfacial electron extraction and transmission. As a result, the unencapsulated PEIE‐Sn‐OPD delivers high specific detection and fast response speed and shows only slight attenuation in photoelectric performance after exposure to air, light, and heat. Its superior performance outperforms the incumbent typical counterparts (ZnO, SnO2, and PEIE as the CILs) from metrics of both stability and photoelectric characteristics. This finding suggests a promising strategy for stabilizing NF‐OPDs by designing appropriate interface layers.
Therapeutic strategies in vascular cognitive impairment: A systematic review of population, intervention, comparators, and outcomes
Authors: Masserini Federico , Baso Giacomo , Gendarini Claudia , Pantoni Leonardo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionVascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a common and heterogeneous condition, clinically and pathophysiologically, that still lacks approved treatment.MethodsWe reviewed evidence from randomized and non‐randomized clinical trials in VCI to explore whether any therapeutic option warrants further investigation and to assess possible flaws in previous studies.ResultsWe identified 118 studies after searching PubMed and Embase, including 19,223 participants and 5 different VCI subtypes. We found 63 different types of intervention (51 pharmacologic, 5 employing physical agent application, 7 rehabilitation approaches) compared with either placebo, best medical treatment, or other interventions. Treatment efficacy was assessed through 125 outcome measures (with a clearly pre‐specified primary outcome in 50.8% of studies).DiscussionTherapeutic trials in VCI have been heterogeneous in terms of populations, types of interventions, and outcomes. Overall, a lack of clear pathophysiological rationale for tested interventions seems to emerge, together with the need to homogenize trial study design
Uterine rupture successfully treated with a damage‐control strategy of hysterectomy and resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta‐assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Okamoto Yutaro , Ishida Kenichiro , Matsumura Yosuke , Yoshikawa Yoshiaki , Sogabe Taku , Fujikami Yusuke , Ban Kenji , Tatsumi Keiji , Ohnishi Mitsuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundUterine rupture is a major cause of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) that requires surgery. Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is also helpful for PPH. However, the effectiveness of REBOA in PPH with cardiac arrest is unknown.Case PresentationA 40‐year‐old woman developed hemorrhagic shock due to uterine rupture after an induced delivery. She developed cardiac arrest, but was rescued by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), REBOA, a hysterectomy, and pelvic gauze packing. The hemodynamics were too unstable to move to the operating room. Then we initiated the CPR assisted with REBOA and decided to activate massive transfusion and perform laparotomy in the emergency room. She was finally discharged home without neurological sequelae.ConclusionOur damage control strategy, including REBOA‐assisted CPR, contributed to saving the life of a patient with a life‐threatening PPH.
Delandistrogene Moxeparvovec Gene Therapy in Ambulatory Patients (Aged ≥4 to <8 Years) with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: 1‐Year Interim Results from Study SRP‐9001‐103 (ENDEAVOR)
Authors: Zaidman Craig M. , Proud Crystal M. , McDonald Craig M. , Lehman Kelly J. , Goedeker Natalie L. , Mason Stefanie , Murphy Alexander P. , Guridi Maitea , Wang Shufang , Reid Carol , Darton Eddie , Wandel Christoph , Lewis Sarah , Malhotra Jyoti , Griffin Danielle A. , Potter Rachael A. , Rodino‐Klapac Louise R. , Mendell Jerry R. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveDelandistrogene moxeparvovec is approved in the USA for the treatment of ambulatory patients (4–5 years) with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. ENDEAVOR (SRP‐9001‐103; NCT04626674) is a single‐arm, open‐label study to evaluate delandistrogene moxeparvovec micro‐dystrophin expression, safety, and functional outcomes following administration of commercial process delandistrogene moxeparvovec.MethodsIn cohort 1 of ENDEAVOR (N = 20), eligible ambulatory males, aged ≥4 to <8 years, received a single intravenous infusion of delandistrogene moxeparvovec (1.33 × 1014 vg/kg). The primary endpoint was change from baseline (CFBL) to week 12 in delandistrogene moxeparvovec micro‐dystrophin by western blot. Additional endpoints evaluated included: safety; vector genome copies; CFBL to week 12 in muscle fiber‐localized micro‐dystrophin by immunofluorescence; and functional assessments, including North Star Ambulatory Assessment, with comparison with a propensity score‐weighted external natural history control.ResultsThe 1‐year safety profile of commercial process delandistrogene moxeparvovec in ENDEAVOR was consistent with safety data reported in other delandistrogene moxeparvovec trials (NCT03375164 and NCT03769116). Delandistrogene moxeparvovec micro‐dystrophin expression was robust, with sarcolemmal localization at week 12; mean (SD) CFBL in western blot, 54.2% (42.6); p < 0.0001. At 1 year, patients demonstrated stabilized or improved North Star Ambulatory Assessment total scores; mean (SD) CFBL, +4.0 (3.5). Treatment versus a propensity score‐weighted external natural history control demonstrated a statistically significant difference in least squares mean (standard error) CFBL in North Star Ambulatory Assessment, +3.2 (0.6) points; p < 0.0001.InterpretationResults confirm efficient transduction of muscle by delandistrogene moxeparvovec. One‐year post‐treatment, delandistrogene moxeparvovec was well tolerated, and demonstrated stabilized or improved motor function, suggesting a clinical benefit for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. ANN NEUROL 2023;94:955–968
Reply to Correspondence on “Structural Insight into the Catalytic Mechanism of the Endoperoxide Synthase FtmOx1′′
Authors: Wu Lian , Wang Zhanfeng , Cen Yixin , Wang Binju , Zhou Jiahai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe high‐resolution X‐ray crystal structure of the ternary complex FtmOx1 ⋅ 2OG ⋅ fumitremorgin B and the catalytic mechanism were recently reported by us (DOI 10.1002/anie.202112063). In their Correspondence, Zhang, Costello, Liu et al. criticize our work in several aspects. Herein, we address these questions one by one. These structural clarifications and new computational results further support the CarC‐like mechanistic model.