bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burden of refractory and unexplained chronic cough on patients’ lives: a cohort study
Authors: Puente-Maestu Luis , Dávila Ignacio , Quirce Santiago , Crespo-Lessmann Astrid , Martínez-Moragón Eva , Sola Javier , Nieto María Luisa , González-Barcala Francisco Javier , Cea-Calvo Luis , Sánchez-Jareño Marta , Rivas-Pardinas Cristina , Domingo Christian 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundChronic cough (cough lasting for ≥8 weeks) can lead to significant impairment in quality of life (QoL). Using patient-reported outcomes, this cohort study assessed the perceived impact of chronic cough on QoL and everyday life in patients from outpatient hospital clinics with refractory chronic cough (RCC) or unexplained chronic cough (UCC).MethodsThis was a multicentre, non-interventional survey study. Cough severity was assessed on a 0−100 mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Frequency, intensity and disruptiveness of cough were assessed using an adaptation of the Cough Severity Diary. The impact of cough on QoL was assessed using the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ). The physical impact of cough and associated impact on everyday life activities were explored using purpose-designed questions.Results191 patients responded to the survey; 121 (63.4%) had RCC and 149 were women (78.0%). Mean score on the cough severity VAS was 62.9 mm. Mean LCQ total score of 11.9 indicated reduced QoL. Cough impaired patients’ everyday life, including the inability to speak fluently (58.0% of patients) and feeling tired/drained (46.6%). Women perceived poorer chronic cough-related QoL than men, as reflected by lower LCQ scores, and greater impairment of physical health, including cough-related stress urinary incontinence, and psychological health.ConclusionsPatients with RCC/UCC experience a significant burden in their everyday life, including impaired QoL, and perceive a negative impact on physical and psychological health and everyday activities, affecting work, relationships and leisure activities. The impact appears to be greater in women than men for several of the aspects studied.
Italian Orthopaedic and Traumatology Society (SIOT) position statement on the non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Pesare Elisa , Vicenti Giovanni , Kon Elisaveta , Berruto Massimo , Caporali Roberto , Moretti Biagio , Randelli Pietro S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease associated with a severe impact on quality of life. However, unfortunately, there are no evidence-based guidelines for the non-surgical management of this disease. While recognising the gap between scientific evidence and clinical practice, this position statement aims to present recommendations for the non-surgical management of knee OA, considering the available evidence and the clinical knowledge of experienced surgeons. The overall goal is to offer an evidenced-based expert opinion, aiding clinicians in the management of knee OA while considering the condition, values, needs and preferences of individual patients.

Methods
The study design for this position statement involved a preliminary search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline and Cochrane databases for literature spanning the period between January 2021 and April 2023, followed by screening of relevant articles (systematic reviews and meta-analyses). A Società Italiana Ortopedia e Traumatologia (SIOT) multidisciplinary task force (composed of four orthopaedic surgeons and a rheumatologist) subsequently formulated the recommendations.

Results
Evidence-based recommendations for the non-surgical management of knee OA were developed, covering assessment, general approach, patient information and education, lifestyle changes and physical therapy, walking aids, balneotherapy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, pharmacological interventions and injections.

Conclusions
For non-surgical management of knee OA, the recommended first step is to bring about lifestyle changes, particularly management of body weight combined with physical exercise and/or hydrotherapy. For acute symptoms, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), topic or oral, can be used. Opioids can only be used as third-line pharmacological treatment. Glucosamine and chondroitin are also suggested as chronic pharmacological treatment. Regarding intra-articular infiltrative therapy, the use of hyaluronic acid is recommended in cases of chronic knee OA [platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as second line), in the absence of active acute disease, while the use of intra-articular injections of cortisone is effective and preferred for severe acute symptoms.
The electronic properties of boron-doped germanium nanocrystals films
Authors: Shan Dan , Wang Menglong , Sun Daoyuan , Cao Yunqing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVarious doping concentrations of boron (B)-doped germanium nanocrystal (Ge NC) films were prepared using the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique followed by thermal annealing treatment. The electronic properties of B-doped Ge NCs films combined with the microstructural characterization were investigated. It is worthwhile mentioning that the Hall mobilities $${\mu }_{\mathrm{Hall}}$$

μ
Hall

of Ge NCs films were enhanced after B doping and reached to the maximum of 200 cm2 V−1, which could be ascribed to the reduction in surface defects states in the B-doped films. It is also important to highlight that the temperature-dependent mobilities $${\mu }_{\mathrm{H}}(T)$$

μ
H

(
T
)

exhibited different temperature dependence trends in the Ge NCs films before and after B doping. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to examine the distinct carrier transport properties in B-doped Ge NC films, and a detailed discussion was presented, focusing on the scattering mechanisms involved in the transport process.
Transcriptome sequencing and metabolome analysis reveal the metabolic reprogramming of partial hepatectomy and extended hepatectomy
Authors: Li Zeyuan , Peng Bo , Chen Shilian , Li Jiaping , Hu Kai , Liao Lijuan , Xie Qiuli , Yao Mei , Liang Lixing , Tomlinson Stephen , Yuan Guandou , He Songqing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSurgical resection remains a critical treatment option for many patients with primary and secondary hepatic neoplasms. Extended hepatectomy (eHx) may be required for some patients with large tumors, which may cause liver failure and death. Partial hepatectomy (pHx) and eHx mouse models were constructed, liver tissues were sampled at 18, 36, and 72 h posthepatectomy. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses were employed to explore the different potential mechanisms in regeneration and injury between pHx and eHx. The results showed that eHx was associated with more severe liver injury and lower survival rates than pHx. Transcriptomics data showed there were 1842, 2129, and 1277 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in eHx and 962, 1305, and 732 DEGs in pHx at 18, 36, and 72 h posthepatectomy, respectively, compared with the those in the sham groups. Compared with pHx, the number of DEGs in the eHx group reached a maximum of 230 at 18 h after surgery and decreased sequentially to 87 and 43 at 36 and 72 h. Metabolomics analysis identified a total of 1399 metabolites, and 48 significant differentially produced metabolites (DPMs) were screened between eHx and pHx. Combined analysis of DEGs and DPMs indicated that cholesterol metabolism and insulin resistance may be two important pathways for liver regeneration and mouse survival postextended hepatectomy. Our results showed the global influence of pHx and eHx on the transcriptome and metabolome in mouse liver, and revealed cholesterol metabolism and insulin resistance pathways might be involved in regeneration post-pHx and -eHx.
Nasal splinting and mouth breathing training reduce emergence delirium after endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Hongjiao , Shen Zhenyuan , Gu Yuyu , Hu Yaodan , Jiang Jihong , Li Xiang , Zhao Yanfang , Zhu Minmin , Li Jinbao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Emergence delirium (ED) is generally occurred after anesthesia associated with increased risks of long-term adverse outcomes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preconditioning with nasal splint and mouth-breathing training on prevention of ED after general anesthesia.

Methods
This randomized controlled trial enrolled 200 adult patients undergoing ESS. Patients were randomized to receive either nasal splinting and mouth breathing training (n = 100) or standard care (n = 100) before surgery. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ED within 30 min of extubation, assessed using the Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale. Logistic regression identified risk factors for ED.

Results
Totally 200 patients were randomized and 182 aged from 18 to 82 years with 59.9% of males were included in the final analysis (90 in C-group and 92 in P-group). ED occurred in 16.3% of the intervention group vs. 35.6% of controls (P = 0.004). Male sex, smoking and function endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) were independent risk factors for ED.

Conclusions
Preoperative nasal splinting and mouth breathing training significantly reduced the incidence of emergence delirium in patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery.

Trial Registration
ChiCTR1900024925 (https://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx) registered on 3/8/2019.
Qualitative analysis of a remote monitoring intervention for managing heart failure
Authors: Klaiman Tamar , Iannotte L. G. , Josephs Michael , Russell Louise B. , Norton Laurie , Mehta Shivan , Troxel Andrea , Zhu Jingsan , Volpp Kevin , Asch David A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Heart failure (HF) is one of the most common reasons for hospital admission and is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and increasing health care costs. The EMPOWER study was a randomized trial that used remote monitoring technology to track patients’ weight and diuretic adherence and a state-of-the-art approach derived from behavioral economics to motivate adherence to the reverse monitoring technology.

Objective
The goal was to explore patient and clinician perceptions of the program and its impact on perceived health outcomes and better understand why some patients or clinicians did better or worse than others in response to the intervention.

Approach
This was a retrospective qualitative study utilizing semi-structured interviews with 43 patients and 16 clinicians to understand the trial’s processes, reflecting on successes and areas for improvement for future iterations of behavioral economic interventions.

Key results
Many patients felt supported, and they appreciated the intervention. Many also appreciated the lottery intervention, and while it was not an incentive for enrolling for many respondents, it may have increased adherence during the study. Clinicians felt that the intervention integrated well into their workflow, but the number of alerts was burdensome. Additionally, responses to alerts varied considerably by provider, perhaps because there are no professional guidelines for alerts unaccompanied by severe symptoms.

Conclusion
Our qualitative analysis indicates potential areas for additional exploration and consideration to design better behavioral economic interventions to improve cardiovascular health outcomes for patients with HF. Patients appreciated lottery incentives for adhering to program requirements; however, many were too far along in their disease progression to benefit from the intervention. Clinicians found the amount and frequency of electronic alerts burdensome and felt they did not improve patient outcomes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02708654.
A systematic review of randomised controlled trials with adaptive and traditional group sequential designs – applications in cardiovascular clinical trials
Authors: Zhang Jufen , Saju Christy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Trial design plays a key role in clinical trials. Traditional group sequential design has been used in cardiovascular clinical trials over decades as the trials can potentially be stopped early, therefore, it can reduce pre-planned sample size and trial resources. In contrast, trials with adoptive designs provide greater flexibility and are more efficient due to the ability to modify trial design according to the interim analysis results. In this systematic review, we aim to explore characteristics of adaptive and traditional group sequential trials in practice and to gain an understanding how these trial designs are currently being reported in cardiology.

Methods
PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database were searched from January 1980 to June 2022. Randomised controlled phase 2/3 trials with either adaptive or traditional group sequential design in patients with cardiovascular disease were included. Descriptive statistics were used to present the collected data.

Results
Of 456 articles found in the initial search, 56 were identified including 43 (76.8%) trials with traditional group sequential design and 13 (23.2%) with adaptive. Most trials were large, multicentre, led by the USA (50%) and Europe (28.6%), and were funded by companies (78.6%). For trials with group sequential design, frequency of interim analyses was determined mainly by the number of events (47%). 67% of the trials stopped early, in which 14 (32.6%) were due to efficacy, and 5 (11.6%) for futility. The commonly used stopping rule to terminate trials was O’Brien- Fleming-type alpha spending function (10 (23.3%)). For trials with adaptive designs, 54% of the trials stopped early, in which 4 (30.8%) were due to futility, and 2 (15.4%) for efficacy. Sample size re-estimation was commonly used (8 (61.5%)). In 69% of the trials, simulation including Bayesian approach was used to define the statistical stopping rules. The adaptive designs have been increasingly used (from 0 to 1999 to 38.6% after 2015 amongst adaptive trials). 25% of the trials reported “adaptive” in abstract or title of the studies.

Conclusions
The application of adaptive trials is increasingly popular in cardiovascular clinical trials. The reporting of adaptive design needs improving.
Factors associated with balance impairments in the community-dwelling elderly in urban China
Authors: Xia Qinghua , Zhou Peng , Li Xia , Li Xiaofen , Zhang Lei , Fan Xuefei , Zhao Zhoulan , Jiang Yu , Zhu Jianhong , Wu Hongmei , Zhang Mengdi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Identification of factors relevant to balance performance impairments in the elderly population was critical for developing effective interventions and preventions. However, there have been very limited data available based on large scale studies. The present study identified factors that independently contributed to performance impairments in overall balance, domains of static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance, and individual items.

Methods
A total of 1984 community-dwelling Chinese elderly from urban areas of Shanghai were recruited. Information on demographic characteristic, exercise, and health status were collected with a face-to-face interview. Balance performances were assessed on site by trained investigators based on the X16 balance testing scale. To identify the effectors, ordinal logistic regression analysis was applied for overall balance, static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance. Binary logistic regression analysis was used for 16 items.

Results
The community-dwelling elderly residents were aged from 60 to 97 years old. With increases of age, risks of impairments in overall balance increased gradually (ORs from 1.26 to 3.20, all P < 0.01). In the elderly with overweight and obesity, there was higher proportion of balance impairments compared to the elderly with normal BMI (OR = 1.26, P < 0.001). Regular exercise every week was associated with reduced risks of balance impairments (ORs from 0.63 to 0.73, all P < 0.001). Presences with vision lesion (ORs from 1.28 to 1.59, all P < 0.001), moderate hearing impairment (OR = 1.54, P < 0.001), somesthesis dysfunction (ORs from 1.59 to 13.26, all P < 0.001), and cerebrovascular disease (OR = 1.45, P = 0.001) were related to increased risks of balance impairments. Likewise, age, exercise, vision, hearing, somesthesis, and cerebrovascular disease were significantly associated with static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance. Both overweight and obesity and underweight were associated with higher proportions of dynamic balance impairments. Regular exercise was significantly related to reduced risks of impairments in 15 out of the 16 items.

Conclusions
In the elderly, age, overweight and obesity, exercise, vision, hearing, somesthesia, and cerebrovascular disease were dominant factors associated with impairments in overall balance, domains of static balance, postural stability, and dynamic balance, and most individual items.

Trial registration
Not applicable.
Experiences of stigma, psychological distress, and facilitative coping among pregnant people with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sun Shufang , Pellowski Jennifer , Pisani Claire , Pandey Diksha , Go Mallory , Chu MyDzung , Ruan Jenny , Werner Erika F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has been rising in the United States, and it poses significant health risks to pregnant individuals and their infants. Prior research has shown that individuals with GDM also experience prevalent stress and mental health issues, which can further contribute to glucose regulation difficulties. Stigma associated with GDM may contribute to these mental health challenges, yet there is a lack of focused research on GDM-related stigma, its impact on psychological health, and effective coping mechanisms. Thus, this qualitative study aims to understand individuals’ experiences related to GDM stigma, mental health, and facilitative coping.

Methods
In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 individuals with a current or recent (within the last year) diagnosis of GDM. Thematic analysis was employed to guide data analysis.

Results
Four themes emerged from data analysis: (1) experience of distal GDM stigma including stigmatizing provider interactions, stigma from non-medical spaces, and intersecting stigma with weight, (2) internalized GDM stigma, such as shame, guilt, and self-blame, (3) psychological distress, which included experiences of stress and overwhelm, excessive worry and fear, and loneliness and isolation, and (4) facilitative coping mechanisms, which included diagnosis acceptance, internet-based GDM community, active participation in GDM management, social and familial support, and time for oneself.

Conclusions
Findings demonstrate the relevance of GDM stigma in mental health among people with GDM and the need for addressing GDM stigma and psychological health in this population. Interventions that can reduce GDM stigma, improve psychological wellness, and enhance positive coping may facilitate successful GDM management and healthy birth outcomes. Future quantitative, theory-driven research is needed to understand the prevalence of GDM stigma experiences and mechanisms identified in the current study, as well as among marginalized populations (e.g., individuals of color, sexual and gender minorities).
Towards patient-led follow-up after curative surgical resection of stage I, II and III colorectal cancer (DISTANCE-trial): a study protocol for a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial
Authors: Swartjes Hidde , Qaderi Seyed M. , Teerenstra Steven , Custers Jose A. E. , Elferink Marloes A. G. , van Wely Bob J. , Burger Jacobus W. A. , van Grevenstein Wilhelmina M. U. , van Duijvendijk Peter , Verdaasdonk Emiel G. G. , de Roos Marnix A. J. , Coupé Veerle M. H. , Vink Geraldine R. , Verhoef Cornelis , de Wilt Johannes H. W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the most frequently diagnosed cancers. Approximately 20–30% of stage I-III CRC patients develop a recurrent tumour or metastases after curative surgical resection. Post-operative follow-up is indicated for the first five years after curative surgical resection. As intensified follow-up after curative surgical resection has shown no effect on survival, patient organisations and policy makers have advocated for a more patient-centred approach to follow-up. The objective of this study is to successfully implement patient-led, home-based follow-up (PHFU) in six hospitals in The Netherlands, with as ultimate aim to come to a recommendation for a patient-centred follow-up schedule for stage I-III CRC patients treated with surgical resection with curative intent.

Methods
This study is designed as a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised trial (SW-CRT) in six participating centres. During the trial, three centres will implement PHFU after six months; the other three centres will implement PHFU after 12 months of inclusion in the control group. Eligible patients are those with pT2-4N0M0 or pT1-4N1-2M0 CRC, who are 18 years or older and have been free of disease for 12 months after curative surgical resection. The studied intervention is PHFU, starting 12 months after curative resection. The in-hospital, standard-of-care follow-up currently implemented in the participating centres functions as the comparator. The proportion of patients who had contact with the hospital regarding CRC follow-up between 12–24 months after curative surgical resection is the primary endpoint of this study. Quality of life, fear of cancer recurrence, patient satisfaction, cost-effectiveness and survival are the secondary endpoints.

Discussion
The results of this study will provide evidence on whether nationwide implementation of PHFU for CRC in The Netherlands will be successful in reducing contact between patient and health care provider. Comparison of PROMs between in-hospital follow-up and PHFU will be provided. Moreover, the cost-effectiveness of PHFU will be assessed.

Trial registration
Dutch Trail Register (NTR): NL9266 (Registered on January 1st, 2021).
Analysis of myosin genes in HNSCC and identify MYL1 as a specific poor prognostic biomarker, promotes tumor metastasis and correlates with tumor immune infiltration in HNSCC
Authors: Li Ce , Guan Rui , Li Wenming , Wei Dongmin , Cao Shengda , Chang Fen , Wei Qun , Wei Ran , Chen Long , Xu Chenyang , Wu Kainan , Lei Dapeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHead neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors which ranks the sixth incidence in the world. Although treatments for HNSCC have improved significantly in recent years, its recurrence rate and mortality rate remain high. Myosin genes have been studied in a variety of tumors, however its role in HNSCC has not been elucidated. GSE58911 and GSE30784 gene expression profile analysis were performed to detect significantly dys-regulated myosin genes in HNSCC. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) HNSCC database was used to verify the dys-regulated myosin genes and study the relationship between these genes and prognosis in HNSCC. The results showed that MYL1, MYL2, MYL3, MYH2, and MYH7 were down-regulated, while MYH10 was up-regulated in patients with HNSCC. Interestingly, MYL1, MYL2, MYH1, MYH2, and MYH7 were shown to be unfavorable prognostic markers in HNSCC. It is also worth noting that MYL1 was a specific unfavorable prognostic biomarker in HNSCC. MYL1, MYL2, MYL3, MYH2, MYH7, and MYH10 promoted CD4 + T cells activation in HNSCC. MYL1 was proved to be down-regulated in HNSCC tissues compared to normal tissues at protein levels. MYL1 overexpression had no effect on proliferation, but significantly promoted migration of Fadu cells. MYL1 increased EGF and EGFR protein expression levels. Moreover, there is a positive correlation between MYL1 expression and Tcm CD8 cells, Tcm CD4 + cells, NK cells, Mast cells, NKT cells, Tfh cells and Treg cells in HNSCC. Overall, MYL1 facilitates tumor metastasis and correlates with tumor immune infiltration in HNSCC and these effects may be associated with the EGF/EGFR pathway.