bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrogen peroxide mediates high-intensity blue light-induced hypocotyl phototropism of cotton seedlings
Authors: Lv Qian-yi , Zhao Qing-ping , Zhu Chen , Ding Meichen , Chu Fang-yuan , Li Xing-kun , Cheng Kai , Zhao Xiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhototropism is a classic adaptive growth response that helps plants to enhance light capture for photosynthesis. It was shown that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) participates in the regulation of blue light-induced hypocotyl phototropism; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that the unilateral high-intensity blue light (HBL) could induce asymmetric distribution of H2O2 in cotton hypocotyls. Disruption of the HBL-induced asymmetric distribution of H2O2 by applying either H2O2 itself evenly on the hypocotyls or H2O2 scavengers on the lit side of hypocotyls could efficiently inhibit hypocotyl phototropic growth. Consistently, application of H2O2 on the shaded and lit sides of the hypocotyls led to reduced and enhanced hypocotyl phototropism, respectively. Further, we show that H2O2 inhibits hypocotyl elongation of cotton seedlings, thus supporting the repressive role of H2O2 in HBL-induced hypocotyl phototropism. Moreover, our results show that H2O2 interferes with HBL-induced asymmetric distribution of auxin in the cotton hypocotyls. Taken together, our study uncovers that H2O2 changes the asymmetric accumulation of auxin and inhibits hypocotyl cell elongation, thus mediating HBL-induced hypocotyl phototropism.
A case report of laparoscopic omental patch repair in a patient with super-super obesity and a duodenal perforation
Authors: Murata Takaaki , Yamaguchi Nobuo , Shimomoto Yutaro , Igarashi Yuto , Suno Yuma , Nishida Tomoki , Miyake Katsunori , Isogai Naoko , Fukai Ryuta , Kanomata Hiroyuki , Shimoyama Rai , Kawachi Jun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
We report a case of emergency laparoscopic omental patch repair in a patient with super-super obesity (body mass index of 64.7) who presented with upper gastrointestinal perforation.

Case presentation
A 52-year-old male patient with difficulty moving his body due to abdominal pain was transported to the emergency department. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed duodenal bulb wall thickening and increased fat stranding in the surrounding tissue. Free air was also observed under the liver and on its surface. Therefore, diagnostic laparoscopy was performed because of a suspected upper gastrointestinal perforation.

Clinical discussion
Because the weight limit of the surgical bed was 150 kg and the width was insufficient, even when two beds were placed side-by-side, the patient’s fixation on the bed was unstable, and the surgery was performed on a regular hospital bed. A 5-mm full-thickness perforation of the duodenal bulb wall was confirmed, and omental patch repair was performed. Because the bed was regular, securing the visual field without changing the patient’s position was difficult. There were also limitations on the movement of the ports; therefore, seven ports were used. Postoperatively, bile-like drainage was observed from the surgical drain. However, upper gastrointestinal contrast imaging on the 14th day after the surgery revealed no contrast leakage.

Conclusion
The patient recovered well and was discharged on the 31st day after the surgery.

Highlights
Indicators of improved gestation housing of sows. Part II: Effects on physiological measures, reproductive performance and health of the offspring
Authors: Lagoda Martyna E , O’Driscoll Keelin , Galli Maria C , Cerón José J , Ortín-Bustillo Alba , Marchewka Joanna , Boyle Laura A 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPrenatal stress is the mechanism through which poor welfare of pregnant sows has detrimental effects on the health and resilience of their piglets. We compared two gestation housing systems (IMPROVED versus [conventional] CONTROL) in terms of sow stress and welfare indicators and sought to determine whether potential benefits to the sows would translate into improved offspring health. Sows were mixed into 12 stable groups (six groups per treatment, 20 sows per group) 29 days post-service in pens with free-access, full-length individual feeding/lying-stalls. CONTROL pens had fully slatted concrete floors, with two blocks of wood and two chains suspended in the group area. IMPROVED pens were the same but with rubber mats and manila rope in each stall, and straw provided in three racks in the group area. Saliva was collected from each sow on day 80 of pregnancy and analysed for haptoglobin. Hair cortisol was measured in late gestation. Sows’ right and left eyes were scored for tear staining in mid lactation and at weaning. Numbers of piglets born alive, dead, mummified, and total born were recorded. Piglets were weighed and scored for vitality and intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) at birth. Presence of diarrhoea in farrowing pens was scored every second day throughout the suckling period. IMPROVED sows had lower haptoglobin levels and tear-stain scores during lactation. IMPROVED sows produced fewer mummified piglets, and these had significantly lower IUGR scores, and scored lower for diarrhoea than piglets of CONTROL sows. Hence, improving sow welfare during gestation improved the health and performance of their offspring.
Selenium serum levels in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Roldán-Bretón Nuria Renata , Capuchino-Suárez Adriana Guadalupe , Mejía-León María Esther , Olvera-Sandoval Carlos , Lima-Sánchez Dania Nimbe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The nutritional status is a determinant of the immune response that promotes a cellular homeostasis. In particular, adequate selenium levels lead to a better antioxidant and immune response. The aim of this work is to assess whether blood selenium levels, at time of SARS-CoV-2 infection, have an impact on the development and severity of COVID-19. A systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative and descriptive studies using MeSH terms, selenium and COVID-19 was performed. We searched bibliographic databases up to 17 July 2022 in PubMed and ScienceDirect. Studies that reported data on blood selenium levels were considered. A total of 629 articles were examined by abstract and title, of which 595 abstracts were read, of which 38 were included in the systematic review and 11 in the meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was conducted to mean difference (MD) with a 95 % confidence interval (CI), and heterogeneity was tested by I2 with random factors with a MD between selenium levels, mortality, morbidity and healthy subjects with a P-value of 0⋅05. Selenium levels were higher in healthy people compared to those in patients with COVID-19 disease (six studies, random effects MD: test for overall effect Z = 3⋅28 (P = 0⋅001), 97 % CI 28⋅36 (11⋅41–45⋅31), P < 0⋅00001), but without difference when compared with the degree of severity in mild, moderate or severe cases. In conclusion, the patients with active SARS-CoV-2 infection had lower selenium levels than the healthy population. More studies are needed to evaluate its impact on clinical severity through randomised clinical trials.
VERNAE AND PROSTITUTION AT POMPEII
Authors: Levin-Richardson Sarah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVernae—often but not exclusively taken to be home-born slaves—are usually thought to have had a privileged role within the ancient Roman household. While previous studies have highlighted how these individuals were represented with affection or as surrogate members of the freeborn family, this article uses epigraphic evidence from Pompeii to argue that the reality for at least some vernae was much more grim. A full examination of Pompeian attestations of the word verna reveals that there was a connection to prostitution in over seventy per cent of extant appearances of the noun. Furthermore, contextualizing this phenomenon within the corpus of prostitution-related graffiti more broadly reveals that verna was the single most commonly used descriptor in advertisements for sexual services at Pompeii. Ultimately, the epigraphic evidence from Pompeii suggests that vernae were not safe from sexual exploitation, and it may have been their status as vernae that made them attractive to those wishing to purchase sex.
RULES FOR THE RECEPTION OF EXILES IN THE TREATY BETWEEN SINOPE AND HERACLEA PONTICA (I.SINOPE 1)
Authors: Loddo Laura 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article analyses a clause of the alliance treaty between Sinope and Heraclea Pontica concerning the exiles of both cities (I.Sinope 1, lines 8–15). The clause in question states that the exiles may remain in the cities (ἐν ταῖς πόλεσι διατελεῖν) on condition that they do not commit any crimes and prescribes the measures to be taken should this occur. After explaining the content of the treaty, the existing interpretative proposals on the clause are discussed and the hypothesis that the cities in question are Sinope and Heraclea is put forward; some examples of treaties showing a similar concern to regulate the issue of exiles are adduced. Lastly, considerations are offered as to the reasons that led Sinope and Heraclea to introduce such a treaty clause.
A symmetry of silting quivers
Authors: Aihara Takuma , Wang Qi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe investigate symmetry of the silting quiver of a given algebra which is induced by an anti-automorphism of the algebra. In particular, one shows that if there is a primitive idempotent fixed by the anti-automorphism, then the 2-silting quiver (
$=$
the support
$\tau$
-tilting quiver) has a bisection. Consequently, in that case, we obtain that the cardinality of the 2-silting quiver is an even number (if it is finite).
Idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium masking left atrial aneurysm in a neonate
Authors: Forderer N. , Akintürk H. , Jux C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium is an extremely rare cardiac malformation. There are no established guidelines for the management of this disease, especially concerning medical versus surgical therapeutic approach and the timing for an operation. We report in this case about a neonate that first was treated conservatively until the age of 5 month and finally got an operative resection of the aneurysm. After surgery, unexpected complications occurred. A second aneurysm in the left atrium was demasked. Furthermore, a progressive dilatation of both atrial chambers after resection required regular follow-up and ongoing evaluation of treatment.
P-wave asystole after a tetralogy of Fallot correction surgery
Authors: Doğan Eser , Bilen Çağatay 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA rarely seen arrhythmia is the p-wave asystole also mentioned ventricular asystole, ventricular standstill, or third-degree atrioventricular block with no ventricular escape rhythm. It is the result of the lack of impulse formation in ventricles (absence of idioventricular automaticity) or the failure of impulse transmission to ventricles (conduction disturbance)(1). As the name implies, the ventricles stop pumping, resulting in no effective cardiac output during the phenomenon. It is a potentially fatal rhythm disorder and need immediate diagnosis and treatment. We planned to present a case of p-wave asystole, which developed after tetralogy of Fallot total correction surgery
Prehospital Emergency Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bhattarai Hari Krishna , Bhusal Sandesh , Barone-Adesi Francesco , Hubloue Ives 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground:An under-developed and fragmented prehospital Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system is a major obstacle to the timely care of emergency patients. Insufficient emphasis on prehospital emergency systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) currently causes a substantial number of avoidable deaths from time-sensitive illnesses, highlighting a critical need for improved prehospital emergency care systems. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to assess the prehospital emergency care services across LMICs.Methods:This systematic review used four electronic databases, namely: PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and SCOPUS, to search for published reports on prehospital emergency medical care in LMICs. Only peer-reviewed studies published in English language from January 1, 2010 through November 1, 2022 were included in the review. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist were used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Further, the protocol of this systematic review has been registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (Ref: CRD42022371936) and has been conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.Results:Of the 4,909 identified studies, a total of 87 studies met the inclusion criteria and were therefore included in the review. Prehospital emergency care structure, transport care, prehospital times, health outcomes, quality of information exchange, and patient satisfaction were the most reported outcomes in the considered studies.Conclusions:The prehospital care system in LMICs is fragmented and uncoordinated, lacking trained medical personnel and first responders, inadequate basic materials, and substandard infrastructure.
Is anyone a middle power? The case for historicization
Authors: Robertson Jeffrey , Carr Andrew 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhat should happen to a concept as it loses real-world application? The concept of ‘middle power’ rose to prominence in the mid-20thcentury, establishing an influential practitioner–scholarly nexus over the next several decades. This prestigious history came at a cost, embedding three core assumptions into the concept: that middle powers areInternationalin focus,Multilateralin method, andGood Citizensin conduct. While there have been significant attempts by scholars to reform the concept, middle power theory has proven inseparable from these assumptions. In this paper, we examine six middle power states (Canada, Australia, South Korea, Indonesia, Turkey, and Mexico) and show middle power theory no longer helps us distinguish or interpret these states. Changes in the international environment suggest this finding will endure. As such, we argue for the historicization of the concept of ‘middle power’. We conclude by identifying a series of analytical puzzles which researchers will need to address to develop an appropriate conceptual lexicon for theorizing this type of state in the 21stcentury.
The Satellite‐Observed Linkages Between Large‐Scale Climate Fluctuations and Mesoscale Eddy Movements in the North Pacific
Authors: Chen Lei , Dong Changming , Wang Guihua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation, and El Niño‐Southern Oscillation are climate fluctuations in the Pacific. Mesoscale eddies dominate the ocean kinetic energy spectrum. By analyzing the altimetry data, a close linkage between these climate fluctuations and eddy propagation speed is found. Propagation speeds of both cyclonic and anticyclonic eddies in the regions of 10° ∼ 20°N, 120°–180°E and 35° ∼ 45°N, 160°E−160°W are faster in the NPGO negative phase than positive phase, while those in the area of 25° ∼ 35°N, 150°E−170°W are opposite. These differences between positive and negative phases are the response of large‐scale circulation modulated by NPGO. When these climate fluctuations support the same westward/eastward anomaly of circulation, the eddies can propagate much faster/slower than that only considering NPGO. Causality analysis verifies that climate fluctuations can have strong influences on eddy movement. These climate fluctuations can affect the water mass, heat and salt transport by eddy advection.
Drivers of Dry Day Sensitivity to Increased CO2
Authors: Douville H. , Chadwick R. , Saint‐Lu M. , Medeiros B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPersistent precipitation deficits are among the most impactful consequences of global warming. Here we focus on changes in the annual number of dry days (NDD) and in the annual maximum length of dry spells due to a quadrupling of atmospheric CO2. We use atmosphere‐only simulations to decompose the projected changes into additive contributions. A fast adjustment leads to a global increase in NDD despite notable regional exceptions (e.g., South Asia and Sahel). The effect of the uniform component of the surface ocean warming is model‐dependent but shapes the regional distribution of the NDD response in each model. Finally, the ocean warming pattern also contributes to large uncertainties, likely through contrasting changes in large‐scale circulation. Our results thus highlight the complexity of the NDD response, with policy‐relevant practical implications for mitigation and adaptation strategies.
A Record‐Breaking Cyclone Over the Southern Ocean in 2022
Authors: Lin Peiyi , Zhong Rui , Yang Qinghua , Clem Kyle R. , Chen Dake 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn October 2022, an extreme cyclone developed in the South Pacific Ocean with a sea level pressure of 900 hPa, becoming the strongest extratropical cyclone in the satellite era. Using ERA5 reanalysis data, we investigated its development mechanisms and examined long‐term changes in the occurrence of extreme cyclones over the Southern Ocean. Our findings indicate that the cyclone formed within a low‐pressure anomaly over the South Pacific. Its explosive development was initiated by upper‐level dynamic forcing and driven by low‐level latent heat release, which had been preconditioned by surface heat flux. Extreme cyclones have increased significantly in the Amundsen‐Bellingshausen Seas (ABS) and the South Indian Ocean since 1980. The large‐scale environmental variables in the ABS also showed a consistent trend toward more favorable conditions for cyclone intensification. Understanding these extreme cyclone events will help to overcome the uncertainty in projections of climate change impacts and improve weather forecast skills.
Extreme Precipitation‐Temperature Scaling in California: The Role of Atmospheric Rivers
Authors: Najibi Nasser , Steinschneider Scott 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe sensitivity of atmospheric river (AR)‐induced precipitation to climate change is primarily driven by increases in atmospheric water vapor with warming. However, the rate at which AR‐based precipitation intensifies with warming and whether this rate differs from non‐AR events remains uncertain. This work uses multiple statistical models to estimate regional, extreme precipitation‐temperature scaling rates in California for AR and non‐AR events. Scaling rates are determined using cold‐season daily and hourly precipitation, along with multiple temperature variables to assess robustness of the results. We find that regional scaling rates for ARs are consistently larger than non‐ARs, especially for hourly event maxima (posterior median scale rates of 5.7% and 2.4% per °C for ARs and non‐ARs, respectively). ARs remain near saturated (i.e., high relative humidity) and exhibit more lift and a stronger increase in specific humidity aloft with warming as compared to non‐ARs, helping to explain the difference in precipitation‐temperature scaling rates.
An Evaluation of Phase, Aerosol‐Cloud Interactions and Microphysical Properties of Single‐ and Multi‐Layer Clouds Over the Southern Ocean Using in Situ Observations From SOCRATES
Authors: D’Alessandro John J. , McFarquhar Greg M. , Stith Jeffrey L. , Diao Minghui , DeMott Paul J. , McCluskey Christina S. , Hill Thomas C. J. , Roberts Greg C. , Sanchez Kevin J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSingle‐ and multi‐layer clouds are commonly observed over the Southern Ocean in varying synoptic settings, yet few studies have characterized and contrasted their properties. This study provides a statistical analysis of the microphysical properties of single‐ and multi‐layer clouds using in‐situ observations acquired during the Southern Ocean Cloud‐Radiation Aerosol Transport Experimental Study. The relative frequencies of ice‐containing samples (i.e., mixed and ice phase) for multi‐layer clouds are 0.05–0.25 greater than for single‐layer clouds, depending on cloud layer height. In multi‐layer clouds, the lowest cloud layers have the highest ice‐containing sample frequencies, which decrease with increasing cloud layer height up to the third highest cloud layer. This suggests a prominent seeder‐feeder mechanism over the region. Ice nucleating particle (cloud condensation nuclei) concentrations are positively (negatively) correlated with ice‐containing sample frequencies in select cases. Differences in microphysical properties are observed for single‐ and multi‐layer clouds. Drop concentrations (size distributions) are greater (narrower) for single‐layer clouds compared with the lowest multi‐layer clouds. When differentiating cloud layers by top (single‐ and highest multi‐layer clouds) and non‐top layers (underlying multi‐layer clouds), total particle size distributions (including liquid and ice) are similarly broader for non‐top cloud layers. Additionally, drop concentrations in coupled environments are approximately double those in decoupled environments.
New insights into the responder/nonresponder divide in rectal cancer: Damage-induced Type I IFNs dictate treatment efficacy and can be targeted to enhance radiotherapy
Authors: Uccello Taylor P. , Lesch Maggie L. , Kintzel Sarah A. , Gradzewicz Lauren B. , Lamrous Lillia , Murphy Shawn P. , Fleming Fergal J. , Mills Bradley N. , Murphy Joseph D. , Hughson Angela , Hannon Gary , Garrett-Larsen Jesse , Qiu Haoming , Drage Michael G. , Ye Jian , Gavras Nicholas W. , Keeley David C. , Love Tanzy M. T. , Repasky Elizabeth A. , Lord Edith M. , Linehan David C. , Gerber Scott A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRectal cancer ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer patients often results in individuals that respond well to therapy and those that respond poorly, requiring life-altering excision surgery. It is inadequately understood what dictates this responder/nonresponder divide. Our major aim is to identify what factors in the tumor microenvironment drive a fraction of rectal cancer patients to respond to radiotherapy. We also sought to distinguish potential biomarkers that would indicate a positive response to therapy and design combinatorial therapeutics to enhance radiotherapy efficacy. To address this, we developed an orthotopic murine model of rectal cancer treated with short course radiotherapy that recapitulates the bimodal response observed in the clinic. We utilized a robust combination of transcriptomics and protein analysis to identify differences between responding and nonresponding tumors. Our mouse model recapitulates human disease in which a fraction of tumors respond to radiotherapy (responders) while the majority are nonresponsive. We determined that responding tumors had increased damage-induced cell death, and a unique immune-activation signature associated with tumor-associated macrophages, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and CD8+ T cells. This signature was dependent on radiation-induced increases of Type I Interferons (IFNs). We investigated a therapeutic approach targeting the cGAS/STING pathway and demonstrated improved response rate following radiotherapy. These results suggest that modulating the Type I IFN pathway has the potential to improve radiation therapy efficacy in RC.