bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of nicking properties of CRISPR-Cas12a effector for genome editing
Authors: Kim Chan Hyoung , Lee Wi-jae , Oh Yeounsun , Lee Youngjeon , Lee Hyomin K. , Seong Jung Bae , Lim Kyung-Seob , Park Sang Je , Huh Jae-Won , Kim Young-Hyun , Kim Kyoung Mi , Hur Junho K. , Lee Seung Hwan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The CRISPR-Cas nickase system for genome editing has attracted considerable attention owing to its safety, efficiency, and versatility. Although alternative effectors to Cas9 have the potential to expand the scope of genome editing, their application has not been optimized. Herein, we used an enhanced CRISPR-Cas12a nickase system to induce mutations by targeting genes in a human-derived cell line. The newly developed CRISPR-Cas12a nickase system effectively introduced mutations into target genes under a specific directionality and distance between nickases. In particular, the single-mode Cas12a nickase system can induce the target-specific mutations with less DNA double-strand breaks. By effectively inducing mutations in the Thymine-rich target genes in single- or dual-mode, Cas12a nickase addresses the limitations of Cas9 nickase and is expected to contribute to the development of future genome editing technologies.
Antifungal activity of copper oxide nanoparticles derived from Zizyphus spina leaf extract against Fusarium root rot disease in tomato plants
Authors: El-Abeid Sozan , Mosa Mohamed A. , El-Tabakh Mohamed A. M. , Saleh Ahmed M. , El-Khateeb Mohamed A. , Haridy Maha S. A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Incorporating green chemistry concepts into nanotechnology is an important focus area in nanoscience. The demand for green metal oxide nanoparticle production has grown in recent years. The beneficial effects of using nanoparticles in agriculture have already been established. Here, we highlight some potential antifungal properties of Zizyphus spina leaf extract-derived copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-Zs-NPs), produced with a spherical shape and defined 13–30 nm particle size. Three different dosages of CuO-Zs-NPs were utilized and showed promising antifungal efficacy in vitro and in vivo against the selected strain of F. solani causes tomato root rot disease and is molecularly identified with accession number (OP824846). In vivo, results indicated that, for all CuO-Zs-NPs concentrations, a significant reduction in Fusarium root rot disease occurred between 72.0 to 88.6% compared to 80.5% disease severity in infected control. Although treatments with either the chemical fungicide (Kocide 2000) showed a better disease reduction and incidence with (18.33% and 6.67%) values, respectively, than CuO-Zs-NPs at conc. 50 mg/l, however CuO-Zs- NP at 250 mg/l conc. showed the highest disease reduction (9.17 ± 2.89%) and lowest disease incidence (4.17 ± 3.80%). On the other hand, CuO-Zs-NPs at varied values elevated the beneficial effects of tomato seedlings' vigor at the initial stages and plant growth development compared to either treatment with the commercial fungicide or Trichoderma Biocide. Additionally, CuO-Zs-NPs treatments introduced beneficial results for tomato seedlings' development, with a significant increase in chlorophyll pigments and enzymatic activity for CuO-Zs-NPs treatments. Also, it was indicated that treatment with CuO-Zs-NPs led to a rise in the number of mature pollen grains compared to the immature ones. Even though the data showed that CuO-Zs-NPs have a unique anti-fungal mechanism against F. solani, they nevertheless imply that CuO-Zs-NPs might be a useful environmentally friendly controlling agent for the Fusarium root rot disease that affects tomato plants.
Siam-Swin-Unet：A Siamese Swin-Unet for remote sensing image change detection
Authors: Tang Yizhuo , Cao Zhengtao , Guo Ningbo , Jiang Mingyong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The problem of change detection in remote sensing image processing is both difficult and important. It is extensively used in a variety of sectors, including land resource planning, monitoring and forecasting of agricultural plant health, and monitoring and assessment of natural disasters. Remote sensing images provide a large amount of long-term and fully covered data for earth environmental monitoring. A lot of progress has been made thanks to deep learning's quick development. But the majority of deep learning-based change detection techniques currently in use rely on the well-known Convolutional neural network (CNN). However, Considering the locality of convolutional operation, convolutional neural network unable to master the interplay between global and distant semantic information.Some researches has employ ViT as a backbone in remote sensing field. Inspired by these researches, in this paper, we propose a network named Siam-Swin-Unet, which is a Siamesed pure Transformer with U-shape construction for remote sensing image change detection.Swin Transformer is a hierarchical vision transformer with shifted windows that can extract global feature. To learn local and global semantic feature information, the dual-time image are fed into Siam-Swin-Unet which is composed of Swin Transformer,Unet Siamesenet and two feature fusion module.Considered the Unet and Siamesenet are effective for change detection, We applied it to the model.The feature fusion module is design for fusion of dual-time image features,and is efficient and low-compute confirmed by our experiments.Our network achieved 94.67 F1 on the CDD dataset (season varying).
Corneal Asymmetry and Ocular Higher-Order Aberrations after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction for Moderate-to-High Myopia in One Year
Authors: Deng Manli , Liu Lin , Li Min , Shi Yuehui , Sun Lina , Zou Jun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the relationships between the magnitudes of corneal asymmetry and induced ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) for moderate-to-high myopia.
Methods
Sixty-six eyes of 66 patients who underwent SMILE were divided into two groups: the high (SE ≥ -6.0 D, n = 27, Group H) and moderate (-3.0 D ≤ SE < -6.0 D, n = 39, Group M) myopia groups. Using Fourier harmonic analysis, the spherical component (SC), regular astigmatism (RA), asymmetry, and higher-order irregularity (HOI) were obtained from videokeratography data. Visual acuity, manifest refraction, and ocular HOAs were assessed at baseline and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The relationships between Fourier components and ocular HOAs were assessed.
Results
In both groups, vertical coma, horizontal coma, spherical aberration, total higher-order aberrations (tHOAs), and asymmetry of the anterior corneal surface increased postoperatively (from 3 to 12 months), while SC and RA of the anterior corneal surface decreased (all P < 0.05). More vertical coma and asymmetry of the anterior corneal surface were induced in Group H than in Group M at 3 and 6 months postoperatively (all P < 0.05). The association between preoperative asymmetry of the anterior corneal surface and preoperative spherical aberration was significant in both groups (R2 = 0.138, P = 0.02; R2 = 0.172, P = 0.032, respectively). The asymmetry of the anterior corneal surface was correlated with vertical coma, spherical aberration, and tHOAs at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively in both groups (all R2 > 0.2, all P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The visual quality after SMILE was associated with the asymmetry of the anterior corneal surface for moderate-to-high myopia in one year.
Scientific mobility, prestige and skill alignment in academic institutions
Authors: Ferreira Marcia , Costas Rodrigo , Servedio Vito , Thurner Stefan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Scientific institutions play a crucial role in driving intellectual, social, and technological progress. Their capacity to innovate depends mainly on their ability to attract, retain, and nurture scientific talent and ultimately make it available to other organizations, industries, or the economy. As researchers change institutions during their careers, their skills are also transferred. The extent and mechanisms by which academic institutions manage their internal portfolio of scientific skills by attracting and sending researchers are far from being understood. We examine 25 million publication histories of 9.2 million scientists extracted from a large-scale bibliographic database covering thousands of research institutions worldwide to understand how the skills of mobile scientists align with those present in-house. We find a clear association between top-ranked institutions and greater skill alignment, i.e., the degree to which skills of incoming academics match those of their colleagues at the institution. We uncover similar high-alignment for scientists leaving top-ranked institutions. This type of academic alignment is more pronounced in engineering and life, health, earth, and physical sciences than in mathematics, computer science, social sciences, and the humanities. We show that over the past two decades, institutions generally have become more closely aligned in their overall skill profiles. We interpret these results in terms of levels of proactive management of the composition of the scientific workforce, diversity, and internal collaboration strategies at the institutional level.
Leveraging Homologous Hypotheses for Increased Efficiency in Tumor Growth Curve Testing
Authors: Hutson Alan , Yu Han , Attwood Kristopher 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this note, we present an innovative approach called "homologous hypothesis tests" that focuses on cross-sectional comparisons of average tumor volumes at different time-points. By leveraging the correlation structure between time-points, our method enables highly efficient per time-point comparisons, providing inferences that are highly efficient as compared to those obtained from a standard two-sample $t$-test. The key advantage of this approach lies in its user-friendliness and accessibility, as it can be easily employed by the broader scientific community through standard statistical software packages.
24-h Energy Expenditure in People with Type 1 Diabetes: Impact on Equations for Clinical Estimation of Energy Expenditure
Authors: Carnero Elvis , Corbin Karen , Casu Anna , Igudesman Daria , Bilal Anika , Smith Steven , Kosorok Michael , Maahs David , Mayer-Davis Elizabeth , Pratley Richard 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with an increase in resting metabolic rate (RMR), but the impact of T1D on other components of 24-hour energy expenditure (24-h EE) is not known. Also, there is a lack of equations to estimate 24-h EE in patients with T1D. The aims of this analysis were to compare 24-h EE and its components in young adults with T1D and healthy controls across the spectrum of body mass index (BMI) and derive T1D-specific equations from clinical variables.
Subjects/Methods: Thirty-three young adults with T1D diagnosed ≥ 1 year prior and 33 healthy controls matched for sex, age and BMI were included in this analysis. We measured 24-h EE inside a whole room indirect calorimeter (WRIC) and body composition with dual x-ray absorptiometry.
Results: Participants with T1D had significantly higher 24-h EE than healthy controls (T1D = 2047 ± 23 kcal/day vs control = 1908 ± 23 kcal/day; P < 0.01). We derived equations to estimate 24-h EE with both body composition (fat free mass + fat mass) and anthropometric (weight + height) models, which provided high coefficients of determination (R2 = 0.912 for both). A clinical model that did not incorporate spontaneous physical activity yielded high coefficients of determination as well (R2 = 0.897 and R2 = 0.880 for body composition and anthropometric models, respectively).
Conclusion: These results confirm that young adults with established T1D have increased 24-h EE relative to controls without T1D. The derived equations from clinically available variables can assist clinicians with energy prescriptions for weight management in patients with T1D.
Alternative polyadenylation profiles of susceptible and resistant rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to bacterial leaf blight using RNA-seq
Authors: Liu Shaochun , Luo Shuqi , Yang Dewei , Huang Junying , Jiang Xinlei , Yu Shangwei , Fu Junru , Zhou Dahu , Chen Xiaorong , He Haohua , Fu Haihui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is an important pattern of post-transcriptional regulation of genes widely existing in eukaryotes, involving plant physiological and pathological processes. However, there is a dearth of studies investigating the role of APA profile in rice leaf blight.
Results: In this study, we compared the APA profile of leaf blight-susceptible varieties (CT 9737-613P-M) and resistant varieties (NSIC RC154) following bacterial blight infection. Through gene enrichment analysis, we found that the genes of two varieties typically exhibited distal poly(A) (PA) sites that play different roles in two kinds of rice, indicating differential APA regulatory mechanisms. In this process, many disease-resistance genes displayed multiple transcripts via APA. Moreover, we also found five polyadenylation factors of similar expression patterns of rice, highlighting the critical roles of these five factors in rice response to leaf blight about PA locus diversity.
Conclusion: Notably, the present study provides the first dynamic changes of APA in rice in early response to biotic stresses and proposes a possible functional conjecture of APA in plant immune response, which lays the theoretical foundation for in-depth determination of the role of APA events in plant stress response and other life processes.
Associations between Macro- and Microscale Functional dynamics in Focal and Generalized Epilepsies
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Yang Siqi , Zhou Yimin , Peng Chengzong , Meng Yao , Chen Huafu , Zhang Shaoshi , Kong Xiaolu , Kong Ru , Yeo Thomas , Liao Wei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Epilepsies are a group of neurological disorders characterized by abnormal spontaneous brain activity, involving multiscale changes in brain functional organizations. However, it is not clear to what extent the epilepsy-related perturbations of spontaneous brain activity affect multi-scale functional dynamics, that provides support for their pathological relevance. We collected an epilepsy sample including patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), and genetic generalized epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS), as well as healthy controls. We extracted massive temporal features of fMRI BOLD time series to characterize macroscale functional dynamics, and used a large-scale biological model to simulate microscale neuronal dynamics. We investigate whether macro- and microscale functional dynamics were diverged from epilepsies, and how these changes are linked. We observed differences in macroscale gradient of time series features were prominent in the primary network and default mode network in TLE and GTCS. Microscale neuronal dynamics was reduced in the somatomotor cortices in two subtypes, and more widely reduced in GTCS. We further demonstrated strong spatial correlations between the differences in macroscale functional dynamics gradient and microscale neuronal dynamics in epilepsies. These results emphasized the impact of microscale abnormal neuronal activity on primary network and high-order networks, suggesting a systematic abnormality of brain hierarchical organization.
Systematic evaluation of cellulose nanowhiskers effect on the Pb(II) adsorption by superabsorbent hydrogels nanocomposites: An experimental and theoretical study
Authors: Fajardo André R. , Oliboni Robson S. , Magalhães Carlos E. C. , Chaves Maria G.M. , Rodrigues Francisco H.A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The incorporation of cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) in superabsorbent hydrogels of starch grafted with poly(acrylic acid) (ST-g-PAAc) is proposed as a strategy to obtain adsorbent materials with superior performance for Pb(II) removal. The functionalized surface of CNWs provides additional interaction sites, contributing to the high adsorption capacity (935.8 mg/g) of the composite hydrogel. The presence of CNWs also minimizes the effects of temperature and competition with other ions, making the adsorption process more stable and efficient. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the hydroxyl groups of CNWs play a crucial role in providing additional binding energies (approximately 30 kcal/mol) for the Pb(II) ions, favoring the spontaneity and kinetics of the adsorption process. The adsorption process on the CNWs-containing hydrogel involves chemisorption and intra-particle diffusion, indicating multiple steps occurring during the adsorption of Pb(II) ions. Also, the CNWs-containing hydrogel demonstrates excellent reusability, showing minimal loss of adsorption capacity after consecutive reuses. This characteristic makes the composite highly attractive for practical applications in real-world scenarios. In short, the systematic evaluation of different experimental conditions has confirmed the superior adsorption performance of the composite hydrogel and gives light on the role of CNWs as a valuable nanofiller to enhance the adsorption properties of these materials.
TM4SF1 is essential for embryonic blood vessel development
Authors: Lin Chi-Iou , Merley Anne , Wada Hiromi , Zheng Jianwei , Jaminet Shou-Ching S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Transmembrane-4 L-six family member-1 (TM4SF1) is a small cell surface glycoprotein that is highly and selectively expressed on endothelial cells and mesenchymal stem cells. TM4SF1 regulates cellular functions by forming protein complexes called TMED (TM4SF1-enriched microdomains) that internalize via microtubules from the cell surface and transport recruited proteins to intracellular locations including the nucleus. Through a genetically manipulated mouse model, we demonstrate here that Tm4sf1 is essential for blood vessel development. Tm4sf1 null embryos fail to develop blood vessels and experience lethality at E9.5. Tm4SF1 heterozygous embryos are smaller in body size during early embryonic development, and almost half die in utero due to intracranial hemorrhage in the intraventricular and subarachnoid space which becomes apparent by E17.5. Surviving Tm4SF1 heterozygotes do not display overt phenotypic differences relative to wild type littermates postnatally. These findings confirm that Tm4sf1 is essential for embryonic blood vessel development.
Effects of biomaterial on thermal-mechanical properties of waterborne fireproof coatings for steel structure
Authors: Zhan Wang , Mo Jinhong , Li Lixia , Chen Le , Kong Qinghong , Zhang Qingwu , Shi Fan , Chen Mingyi , Jiang Juncheng , Gu Zhaozhan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Biomaterial was used to improve the properties of the fireproof coating to ensure the safe evacuation of occupants once the fire accident occurred. The effects of biomaterial on the properties of the coatings were investigated by fire protection test, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limited oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 vertical test, water resistance test, mechanical properties test. The carbon layers after the fire protection test were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to discuss the microstructure and chemical composition. The result showed the coating with 6% silk fibroin demonstrate best fire protection, thermal stability, fire retardant, water resistance. The backside temperature is only 255.9oC and the residual weight is 37.52%. However, the coating with 4% silk fibroin exhibits good mechanical properties.
A groundwater investigation method based on entropy weight of improved AHP
Authors: 唐 玉兰 , Zhang Xiaohan , WANG Hongda , Li Wenlong , Huang Diannan , LI Ting 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Currently, no methods are available to optimise the allocation of sampling points for groundwater contamination surveys at industrial plants without data for modelling analysis, which undoubtedly leads to increased sampling costs. Based on this lack of sampling data, the AHP-entropy weight method is improved and applied to construct a distribution model of groundwater pollution sampling points in a plant area, reduce the sampling scale and establish a new and optimised samplimg scheme. A chemical plant in Shenyang is selected for method validation and spatial interpolation analysis, and the following conclusions are drawn. (1) The new scheme can identify areas of contaminants and reduce sampling costs. (2) After reducing the sample size, the spatial distribution characteristics of each pollutant can still be clearly distinguished. (3) The interpolation-based predictions of some pollutants were improved, and the accuracy of the predictions of other pollutants was reduced within the permissible range. (4) The new sampling scheme is reasonable and feasible. The method provides a new approach for the investigation of underground pollution at industrial plants in small areas and can reduce costs while ensuring the representativeness of sampling points.
Effect of C deuteration in forming isotopic polymorph of glycine silver nitrate
Authors: Chitra R. , Choudhury R. R. , Capet Frederic , Roussel Pascal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Glycine silver nitrate (GSN) and fully deuterated GSN (FDGSN) form two isotopic polymorphs. The effect of full deuteration brought about the isotopic polymorph of GSN. In order to study the effect of partial deuteration on isotopic polymorphs, crystals of C Deuterated GSN (CDGSN) and N deuterated GSN (NDGSN) were grown. The crystal structure of C-deuterated was similar to FDGSN forming 2 dimensional polymeric structures extended along the c-axis, In CDGSN, the silver ion is mononuclear similar to that in FDGSN with no Ag-Ag coordination. N deuterated had similar crystal structure to that of GSN. The nitrate ion, the silver ion and zwitterionic glycine form a three-dimensional network unlike the case in CDGSN. The silver ion is binuclear with Ag-Ag coordination similar to that in GSN. In both crystal structures the silver ion has an oxidation state of + 1. Hirshfeld surface analysis of all the above structures were carried out using the x-ray data. The globularity parameter is similar in all the strutures. For the entire complex it is observed that FDGSN and CDGSN has similar values, which is lower than that of GSN and NDSN. The asphericity for the entire complex in the case of NDGSN and GSN are close to 0 indicating the isotropic nature where as for FDGSN and CDGSN it is near 0.36 indicating oblate nature. NDGSN and GSN have higher Ag…O interactions compared to that of CDGSN and FDGSN. NDGSN and GSN have Ag…Ag interaction, which is totally absent in CDGSN and FDGSN. Raman measurements showed the partial deuteration of the compounds. The lattice modes of GSN and NDGSN are similar, and FDGSN and CDGSN are similar, further confirming the importance the C deuteration in forming the isotopic polymorph.