bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategic culture as a meaning-making system: towards a social semiotic account of multimodal cultural constraints in international relations
Authors: Fomin Ivan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe article reconsiders the notion of strategic culture using fundamental categories of general and social semiotics, which make it possible to systematise and instrumentalise this concept while preserving its broad scope. The proposed framework suggests a relationalist reconceptualisation of strategic culture based on Charles Peirce's semiotic theory, thereby helping to transcend the existing controversy about how culture-as-ideas, culture-as-artefacts, and culture-as-behaviour are related to each other in strategic culture. The suggested approach helps to clarify the problematic aspects of the notion of strategic culture by redefining strategic culture as a logonomic system (a system of rules of meaning-making) that constrains interactions in strategic affairs. Such reconceptualisation helps to study how strategic cultures are reproduced not only through verbal discourse but also through other artefacts and actions. Semiotic categories also make it possible to account for important distinctions between various elements of strategic culture and formulate principles that can guide the studies of this phenomenon. The article provides some examples from the Russian strategic culture to demonstrate how the proposed framework can be applied.
Evaluation of smart spray technology for postemergence herbicide application in row middles of plasticulture production
Authors: Buzanini Ana C. , Schumann Arnold , Boyd Nathan S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPostemergence herbicides used to control weeds in the space between raised, plastic-covered beds in plasticulture production systems are typically banded, and herbicides are applied to weeds and to where weeds do not occur. To reduce the incidence of off-targeted applications, the University of Florida developed a smart-spray technology for row middles in plasticulture systems. The technology detects weed according to categories and applies herbicides only where the weeds occur. Field experiments were conducted at the Gulf Coast Research and Education Center in Balm, FL, in fall 2021 and spring 2022. The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of postemergence applications of diquat and glyphosate in row middles in jalapeno pepper fields when banded or applied with smart-spray technology. The overall precision of the weed detection model was 0.92 and 0.89 for fall and spring, respectively. The actuation precision achieved was 0.86 and 1 for fall and spring, respectively. No significant differences were observed between banded and targeted applications either with glyphosate or diquat in terms of broadleaf, grass, and nutsedge weed density. No significant pepper damage was observed with either herbicide or application technique. The smart-spray technology reduced herbicide application volume by 26% and 42% in fall and spring, respectively, with no reduction in weed control or pepper yield compared to a banded application. Overall, the smart-spray technology reduced the herbicide volume applied with no reductions in weed control and no significant effects on crop yield.
The Psychosocial and Physiological Effects of Choir-Singing in People with Dementia
Authors: Dawudi Milad , Schall Arthur , Tesky Valentina A. , Pantel Johannes 
Published: July 2023

Abstract: We conducted a pilot study to assess the expected effects of regular choir-singing in persons with dementia. We measured psychosocial and physiological outcomes in the 19 choir members ( Mage = 76.95) with mild-to-moderate dementia. We evaluated the weekly choir rehearsals individually (situational measurements) and overall (pre-/posttests). Our data suggested significant increases in emotional well-being during the choir sessions and significant reductions in cortisol levels in saliva as an indicator of stress. Observations by the caregiving relatives confirmed the positive influence of choir-singing on participants’ emotional and communication behavior. The results of the pilot study reveal the therapeutic potential of choir-based music interventions in persons with dementia and show that these effects can be demonstrated in community-based singing programs.
Low‐Degree Melt Metasomatic Origin of Global Upper Mantle Fe Isotope Fractionation
Authors: Guo Pengyuan , Niu Yaoling , Sun Pu , Chen Shuo , Chen Yanhong , Duan Meng , Wang Xiaohong , Gong Hongmei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe upper mantle is heterogeneous in Fe isotope compositions, but the origin of the heterogeneity needs understanding. Recent studies on oceanic basalts demonstrate that the upper mantle Fe isotope heterogeneity results from low‐degree melt metasomatism. However, whether this hypothesis is of global significance needs testing in continental settings. Here we present an Fe isotopic study on intraplate continental alkali basalts from continental China, which are shown to have derived from upper mantle containing more metasomatized lithologies. The results show first‐order positive correlations of δ56Fe with indices of low‐degree melt metasomatism (e.g., [La/Sm]N), which, together with the so‐far published mid‐ocean ridge basalts data, define global trends, substantiating the global significance of low‐degree melt metasomatism in causing upper mantle Fe isotope variation. We, thus, suggest that low‐degree melt metasomatism is a globally effective process to preferentially concentrate heavy Fe isotopes in metasomatic lithologies at upper mantle conditions both today and in Earth's history.
Characteristics of Magnetic Reconnection With a Finite X‐Line Length
Authors: Huang Kai , Lu Quanming , Liu Yi‐Hsin , Lu San , Wang Rongsheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe characteristics of magnetic reconnection with a finite x‐line length are studied using three‐dimensional (3D) particle‐in‐cell (PIC) simulations. We simulate two cases: anti‐parallel reconnection and guide field reconnection. In both cases, reconnection is triggered by an initial perturbation that is localized in the current direction, and then, an active reconnection region extending around 20 ion inertia length along the current direction is developed. In both cases, the electron inertia term plays an important role in balancing the reconnection electric field near the two edges of the x‐line along the current direction. On the ion drifting side, ions are heated while electron heating is not significant; while on the electron drifting side, electrons are heated while ion heating is weak. In the anti‐parallel case, the out‐of‐plane Hall magnetic field on the ion and electron drifting side of the reconnection region shows reversed polarization, while in the guide field case, the in‐plane Hall electric field shows reversed polarization. These features can be used as identifications for reconnection with a finite x‐line length during observations in the magnetotail, they also provide an estimation of the satellite location in the dawn‐dusk direction of the reconnection region.
Daily Plasmaspheric TEC Variations From COSMIC GPS Observations Based on RBF Neural Network‐Kriging Method
Authors: Shi Qiqi , Jin Shuanggen , Li Linlin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite provides valuable direct observations for scientific investigation of the plasmasphere, while the plasmaspheric total electron content (PTEC) with a high temporal resolution cannot be precisely estimated due to fewer LEO satellites. In this paper, a novel joint method of radial basis function neural network—Kriging (RBF‐Kr) method is designed to construct the daily PTEC model using the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate Global Positioning System observations during the low (2009) and high (2013) solar activity years. Compared with the original RBF method, the RBF‐Kr method reduces the mean absolute error and root mean square error from 0.77 to 0.60 TEC unit (TECU) and 0.99 to 0.80 TECU, respectively. The correlation coefficient (Corr) increased from 0.90 to 0.94. Furthermore, daily PTEC variations show that the PTEC at low latitudes is evenly distributed during equinox periods. The South American‐Atlantic Ocean sector has a peak and trough in PTEC during the December and June solstices. A certain symmetrical distribution of PTEC is observed in the latitudinal direction, and the symcenter moves toward the summer hemisphere. The duration of extremal PTEC at 60°W is observed, which lasted up to more than 80 days around the December solstice. An obvious correlation between the solar flux and PTEC is found with up to 0.86, indicating that daily PTEC variations are mainly related to solar activities.
Generative AI as a Tool for Environmental Health Research Translation
Authors: Anderson Lauren B. , Kanneganti Dhiraj , Houk Mary Bentley , Holm Rochelle H. , Smith Ted 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOne valuable application for generative artificial intelligence (AI) is summarizing research studies for non‐academic readers. We submitted five articles to Chat Generative Pre‐trained Transformer (ChatGPT) for summarization, and asked the article's author to rate the summaries. Higher ratings were assigned to more insight‐oriented activities, such as the production of eighth‐grade reading level summaries, and summaries highlighting the most important findings and real‐world applications. The general summary request was rated lower. For the field of environmental health science, no‐cost AI technology such as ChatGPT holds the promise to improve research translation, but it must continue to be improved (or improve itself) from its current capability.
Siege in the Southern Stratosphere: Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai Water Vapor Excluded From the 2022 Antarctic Polar Vortex
Authors: Manney Gloria L. , Santee Michelle L. , Lambert Alyn , Millán Luis F. , Minschwaner Ken , Werner Frank , Lawrence Zachary D. , Read William G. , Livesey Nathaniel J. , Wang Tao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe use Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) trace gas measurements to investigate whether water vapor (H2O) injected into the stratosphere by the Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai (HTHH) eruption affected the 2022 Antarctic stratospheric vortex. Other MLS‐measured long‐lived species are used to distinguish high HTHH H2O from that descending in the vortex from the upper‐stratospheric H2O peak. HTHH H2O reached high southern latitudes in June–July but was effectively excluded from the vortex by the strong transport barrier at its edge. MLS H2O, nitric acid, chlorine species, and ozone within the 2022 Antarctic polar vortex were near average; the vortex was large, strong, and long‐lived, but not exceptionally so. There is thus no clear evidence of HTHH influence on the 2022 Antarctic vortex or its composition. Substantial impacts on the stratospheric polar vortices are expected in succeeding years since the H2O injected by HTHH has spread globally.
Deep Learning Improves GFS Wintertime Precipitation Forecast Over Southeastern China
Authors: Sun Danyi , Huang Wenyu , Yang Zifan , Luo Yong , Luo Jingjia , Wright Jonathon S. , Fu Haohuan , Wang Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWintertime precipitation, especially snowstorms, significantly impacts people's lives. However, the current forecast skill of wintertime precipitation is still low. Based on data augmentation (DA) and deep learning, we propose a DABU‐Net which improves the Global Forecast System wintertime precipitation forecast over southeastern China. We build three independent models for the forecast lead times of 24, 48, and 72 hr, respectively. After using DABU‐Net, the mean Root Mean Squared Errors (RMSEs) of the wintertime precipitation at the three lead times are reduced by 19.08%, 25.00%, and 22.37%, respectively. The threat scores (TS) are all significantly increased at the thresholds of 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm day−1 for the three lead times. During heavy precipitation days, the RMSEs are decreased by 14% and TS are increased by 7% at the lead times within 48 hr. Therefore, combining DA and deep learning has great prospects in precipitation forecasting.
Grain‐Size Effects During Semi‐Brittle Flow of Calcite Rocks
Authors: Harbord Christopher , Brantut Nicolas , Wallis David 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study the role of grain size in the rheological behavior of calcite aggregates in the semi‐brittle regime. We conduct compressive triaxial deformation tests on three rocks, Solnhofen limestone, Carrara marble and Wombeyan marble, with grain sizes of 5–10, 200, and 2 mm, respectively, at pressures in the range 200–800 MPa and temperatures in the range 20–400°C. At all conditions, both strength and hardening rate increase with decreasing grain size. Flow stress scales with the inverse of grain size to a power between 1/3 and 2/3. For a given pressure and temperature, the typical strength of Solnhofen limestone (grain size 5–10 μm), is greater than that of Wombeyan marble, (grain size of around 2 mm), by about 200–300 MPa (i.e., around a factor of 2). Hardening rate decreases linearly with the logarithm of grain size. In situ ultrasonic monitoring reveals that P‐wave speed tends to decrease with increasing strain, and that this decrease is more marked at room temperature than at 200 and 400°C. The decrease in wave speed is consistent with microcracking, which is more prevalent at low temperature and low pressure. Microstructural observations reveal high twin densities in all deformed samples. Twin density increases with stress, consistent with previous datasets. Spatial distributions of intragranular misorientation indicate that twins are sometimes obstacles to dislocation motion, but this effect is not ubiquitous. Computed slip‐transfer statistics indicate that twins are typically weaker barriers to dislocation glide than grain boundaries, so that their effect on dislocation accumulation and hardening rates is likely smaller than the effect of grain size.
Accuracy of Finite Fault Slip Estimates in Subduction Zone Regions With Topographic Green's Functions and Seafloor Geodesy
Authors: Langer Leah , Ragon Théa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUntil recently, the lack of seafloor geodetic instrumentation and the use of unrealistically simple, half‐space based forward models have resulted in poor resolution of near‐trench slip in subduction zone settings. Here, we use a synthetic framework to investigate the impact of topography and geodetic data distribution on coseismic slip estimates in various subduction zone settings. We calculate surface displacements in two synthetic topographic domains that have topography similar to that of Chile and Japan, respectively. We then attempt to image target slip distributions by using a Bayesian approach to solve for slip with two sets of Green's functions—one that accounts for topography and one that does not—and five sets of 50 or more observation points selected from the synthetic surface displacements. Three of these sets of observation points are entirely onland, and two include 5–10 seafloor geodetic sites. We find that the use of topographic Green's functions always improves inferred slip models, and with seafloor geodetic data, it enables an almost perfect recovery of a target slip model, even in the near‐trench region. Critically, our results demonstrate that it would be impossible for non‐topographic Green's functions to properly recover the true slip distribution, particularly in the near‐trench region. We also perform a parameter study with approximately 4,000 slip models estimated using a least‐square approach, and find that topographic Green's functions yield significantly more accurate slip models in cases where good data (well distributed and reasonably dense) are available, even in the absence of seafloor geodetic sites.
Perturbed epigenetic transcriptional regulation in AML with IDH mutations causes increased susceptibility to NK cells
Authors: Palau Anna , Segerberg Filip , Lidschreiber Michael , Lidschreiber Katja , Naughton Aonghus J. , Needhamsen Maria , Jung Lisa Anna , Jagodic Maja , Cramer Patrick , Lehmann Sören , Carlsten Mattias , Lennartsson Andreas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIsocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations are found in 20% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. However, only 30–40% of the patients respond to IDH inhibitors (IDHi). We aimed to identify a molecular vulnerability to tailor novel therapies for AML patients with IDH mutations. We characterized the transcriptional and epigenetic landscape with the IDH2i AG-221, using an IDH2 mutated AML cell line model and AML patient cohorts, and discovered a perturbed transcriptional regulatory network involving myeloid transcription factors that were partly restored after AG-221 treatment. In addition, hypermethylation of the HLA cluster caused a down-regulation of HLA class I genes, triggering an enhanced natural killer (NK) cell activation and an increased susceptibility to NK cell-mediated responses. Finally, analyses of DNA methylation data from IDHi-treated patients showed that non-responders still harbored hypermethylation in HLA class I genes. In conclusion, this study provides new insights suggesting that IDH mutated AML is particularly sensitive to NK cell-based personalized immunotherapy.
Clinical outcome of Mantle Cell Lymphoma patients with high-risk disease (high-risk MIPI-c or high p53 expression)
Authors: Scheubeck Gabriel , Jiang Linmiao , Hermine Olivier , Kluin-Nelemans Hanneke C. , Schmidt Christian , Unterhalt Michael , Rosenwald Andreas , Klapper Wolfram , Evangelista Andrea , Ladetto Marco , Jerkeman Mats , Ferrero Simone , Dreyling Martin , Hoster Eva 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCurrently, treatment allocation of patients with Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) is mainly based on age and medical fitness. The combined MCL International Prognostic Index (MIPI-c) allows to predict prognosis using clinical factors (MIPI) and the Ki-67 index. However, high p53 expression as surrogate for TP53 alterations has demonstrated to be an independent predictor for poor outcome. We aimed to define a clear high-risk group based on the combination of MIPI, Ki-67 and p53 expression/TP53 alteration. A total of 684 patients from the prospective European MCL-Younger and MCL-Elderly trials were evaluable. The classification of high-risk disease (HRD) as high-risk MIPI-c or p53 expression >50% versus low-risk disease (LRD) as low, low-intermediate or high-intermediate MIPI-c and p53 expression ≤50% allowed to characterize two distinct groups with highly divergent outcome. Patients with HRD had significantly shorter median failure-free survival (FFS) (1.1 vs. 5.6 years, p < 0.0001) and overall survival (OS) (2.2 vs. 13.2 years, p < 0.0001) compared to those with LRD. These major differences were confirmed in two validation cohorts from the Italian MCL0208 and the Nordic-MCL4 trials. The results suggest that this subset of HRD patients is not sufficiently managed with the current standard treatment and is asking for novel treatment strategies.
Bone-inspired (GNEC/HAPAAm) hydrogel with fatigue-resistance for use in underwater robots and highly piezoresistive sensors
Authors: Lyu Chaoyang , Wen Bo , Bai Yangzhen , Luo Daning , Wang Xin , Zhang Qingfeng , Xing Chenyang , Kong Tiantian , Diao Dongfeng , Zhang Xi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel bone-inspired fatigue-resistant hydrogel with excellent mechanical and piezoresistive properties was developed, and it exhibited great potential as a load and strain sensor for underwater robotics and daily monitoring. The hydrogel was created by using the high edge density and aspect ratio of graphene nanosheet-embedded carbon (GNEC) nanomaterials to form a three-dimensional conductive network and prevent the expansion of microcracks in the hydrogel system. Multiscale progressive enhancement of the organic hydrogels (micrometer scale) was realized with inorganic graphene nanosheets (nanometer scale). The graphene nanocrystals inside the GNEC film exhibited good electron transport properties, and the increased distances between the graphene nanocrystals inside the GNEC film caused by external forces increased the resistance, so the hydrogel was highly sensitive and suitable for connection to a loop for sensing applications. The hydrogels obtained in this work exhibited excellent mechanical properties, such as tensile properties (strain up to 1685%) and strengths (stresses up to 171 kPa), that make them suitable for use as elastic retraction devices in robotics and provide high sensitivities (150 ms) for daily human monitoring.
Metabolically diverse microorganisms mediate methylmercury formation under nitrate-reducing conditions in a dynamic hydroelectric reservoir
Authors: Peterson Benjamin D , Poulin Brett A , Krabbenhoft David P , Tate Michael T , Baldwin Austin K , Naymik Jesse , Gastelecutto Nick , McMahon Katherine D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Brownlee Reservoir is a mercury (Hg)-impaired hydroelectric reservoir that exhibits dynamic hydrological and geochemical conditions and is located within the Hells Canyon Complex in Idaho, USA. Methylmercury (MeHg) contamination in fish is a concern in the reservoir. While MeHg production has historically been attributed to sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogenic archaea, microorganisms carrying the hgcA gene are taxonomically and metabolically diverse and the major biogeochemical cycles driving mercury (Hg) methylation are not well understood. In this study, Hg speciation and redox-active compounds were measured throughout Brownlee Reservoir across the stratified period in four consecutive years (2016–2019) to identify the location where and redox conditions under which MeHg is produced. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on a subset of samples to characterize the microbial community with hgcA and identify possible links between biogeochemical cycles and MeHg production. Biogeochemical profiles suggested in situ water column Hg methylation was the major source of MeHg. These profiles, combined with genome-resolved metagenomics focused on hgcA-carrying microbes, indicated that MeHg production occurs in this system under nitrate- or manganese-reducing conditions, which were previously thought to preclude Hg-methylation. Using this multidisciplinary approach, we identified the cascading effects of interannual variability in hydrology on the redox status, microbial metabolic strategies, abundance and metabolic diversity of Hg methylators, and ultimately MeHg concentrations throughout the reservoir. This work expands the known conditions conducive to producing MeHg and suggests that the Hg-methylation mitigation efforts by nitrate or manganese amendment may be unsuccessful in some locations.