bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost Analysis of the Positive Health Check Intervention to Suppress HIV Viral Load and Retain Patients in HIV Clinical Care
Authors: Shrestha Ram K. , Galindo Carla A. , Courtenay-Quirk Cari , Harshbarger Camilla , Abdallah Iddrisu , Marconi Vincent C. , DallaPiazza Michelle , Swaminathan Shobha , Somboonwit Charurut , Lewis Megan A. , Khavjou Olga A. 
Published: March 2023

Context:
Digital video-based behavioral interventions are effective tools for improving HIV care and treatment outcomes.

Objective:
To assess the costs of the Positive Health Check (PHC) intervention delivered in HIV primary care settings.

Design, Setting, and Intervention:
The PHC study was a randomized trial evaluating the effectiveness of a highly tailored, interactive video-counseling intervention delivered in 4 HIV care clinics in the United States in improving viral suppression and retention in care. Eligible patients were randomized to either the PHC intervention or the control arm. Control arm participants received standard of care (SOC), and intervention arm participants received SOC plus PHC. The intervention was delivered on computer tablets in the clinic waiting rooms. The PHC intervention improved viral suppression among male participants. A microcosting approach was used to assess the program costs, including labor hours, materials and supplies, equipment, and office overhead.

Participants:
Persons with HIV infection, receiving care in participating clinics.

Main Outcome Measures:
The primary outcome was the number of patients virally suppressed, defined as having fewer than 200 copies/mL by the end of their 12-month follow-up.

Results:
A total of 397 (range across sites [range], 95-102) participants were enrolled in the PHC intervention arm, of whom 368 participants (range, 82-98) had viral load data at baseline and were included in the viral load analyses. Of those, 210 (range, 41-63) patients were virally suppressed at the end of their 12-month follow-up visit. The overall annual program cost was $402 274 (range, $65 581-$124 629). We estimated the average program cost per patient at $1013 (range, $649-$1259) and the cost per patient virally suppressed at $1916 (range, $1041-$3040). Recruitment and outreach costs accounted for 30% of PHC program costs.

Conclusions:
The costs of this interactive video-counseling intervention are comparable with other retention in care or reengagement interventions.
Evaluation of an Emergency Department Visit Data Mental Health Dashboard
Authors: Ising Amy , Waller Anna , Frerichs Leah 
Published: March 2023

Context:
Local health departments (LHDs) need timely county-level and subcounty-level data to monitor health-related trends, identify health disparities, and inform areas of highest need for interventions as part of their ongoing assessment responsibilities; yet, many health departments rely on secondary data that are not timely and cannot provide subcounty insights.

Objective:
We developed and evaluated a mental health dashboard in Tableau for an LHD audience featuring statewide syndromic surveillance emergency department (ED) data in North Carolina from the North Carolina Disease Event Tracking and Epidemiologic Collection Tool (NC DETECT).

Design:
We developed a dashboard that provides counts, crude rates, and ED visit percentages at statewide and county levels, as well as breakdowns by zip code, sex, age group, race, ethnicity, and insurance coverage for 5 mental health conditions. We evaluated the dashboards through semistructured interviews and a Web-based survey that included the standardized usability questions from the System Usability Scale.

Participants:
Convenience sample of LHD public health epidemiologists, health educators, evaluators, and public health informaticians.

Results:
Six semistructured interview participants successfully navigated the dashboard but identified usability issues when asked to compare county-level trends displayed in different outputs (eg, tables vs graphs). Thirty respondents answered all questions on the System Usability Scale for the dashboard, which received an above average score of 86.

Conclusions:
The dashboards scored well on the System Usability Scale, but more research is needed to identify best practices in disseminating multiyear syndromic surveillance ED visit data on mental health conditions to LHDs.
Genetic variation for plant growth traits in a common wheat population is dominated by known variants and novel QTL
Authors: DeWitt Noah , Guedira Mohammed , Lauer Edwin , Murphy J. Paul , Marshall David , Mergoum Mohamed , Johnson Jerry , Holland James B. , Brown-Guedira Gina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGenetic variation in growth over the course of the season is a major source of grain yield variation in wheat, and for this reason variants controlling heading date and plant height are among the best-characterized in wheat genetics. While the major variants for these traits have been cloned, the importance of these variants in contributing to genetic variation for plant growth over time is not fully understood. Here we develop a biparental population segregating for major variants for both plant height and flowering time to characterize the genetic architecture of the traits and identify additional novel QTL. We find that additive genetic variation for both traits is almost entirely associated with major and moderate-effect QTL, including four novel heading date QTL and four novel plant height QTL.FT2andVrn-A3are proposed as candidate genes underlying QTL on chromosomes 3A and 7A, whileRht8is mapped to chromosome 2D. These mapped QTL also underlie genetic variation in a longitudinal analysis of plant growth over time. The oligogenic architecture of these traits is further demonstrated by the superior trait prediction accuracy of QTL-based prediction models compared to polygenic genomic selection models. In a population constructed from two modern wheat cultivars adapted to the southeast U.S., almost all additive genetic variation in plant growth traits is associated with known major variants or novel moderate-effect QTL. Major transgressive segregation was observed in this population despite the similar plant height and heading date characters of the parental lines. This segregation is being driven primarily by a small number of mapped QTL, instead of by many small-effect, undetected QTL. As most breeding populations in the southeast U.S. segregate for known QTL for these traits, genetic variation in plant height and heading date in these populations likely emerges from similar combinations of major and moderate effect QTL. We can make more accurate and cost-effective prediction models by targeted genotyping of key SNPs.
Association of Select Psychiatric Disorders with Incident Brain Aneurysm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage among Veterans
Authors: Cooke Daniel L , Shen Hui , Duvvuri Madhavi , Thompson Daniel , Neylan Thomas , Wolfe William , Hetts Steven , Ovbiagele Bruce , Whooley Mary , Cohen Beth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBrain aneurysms represent a significant cause of hemorrhagic stroke. Prior research has demonstrated links between stress and stroke, including brain aneurysms. We aimed to determine relationships between select psychiatric disorders and aneurysms and aneurysmal SAH.MethodsWe performed retrospective, case-control study of a National Veterans Affairs population with two experimental groups (aneurysm-only and aneurysmal SAH) and 10-fold controls per group matched by age, date, and clinical data source. The studied the presence of 4 psychiatric disorders: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and other mood disorders. Our main outcomes Unadjusted and multivariable adjusted ORs of PTSD, MDD, GAD, and mood disorders within aneurysm-only and aSAH groups.ResultsIn 6,320,789 US Veterans who were enrolled for at least 5 years in Medicare and/or the Veterans Health Administration, we identified 35,094 cases of aneurysm without SAH and 5749 cases of aneurysm with SAH between 1/2005 and 12/2019. In analyses adjusted for sex, hypertension, and tobacco use, patients with aneurysm were more likely than matched controls to have a history of PTSD (OR 1.48), MDD (OR 1.33), GAD (OR 1.26), and other mood disorders (OR 1.34) (all p values <0.0001). Similarly, patients with aSAH were more likely than controls to have a history of PTSD (OR 1.35), MDD (OR 1.38), GAD (OR 1.18), and other mood disorders (OR 1.30) (all p values <0.0001).ConclusionsThe study, the largest of its kind, further suggests links between psychiatric disorders and stroke. This is important as patients with aneurysms are not routinely screened for such psychiatric risk factors. Additional research on this topic could lead to novel strategies to improve stroke prevention.
A Phylogenomic Analysis of HIV Transmission Pattern among High Risk Groups of North-West India
Authors: Chauhan Chandar Kanta , Lakshmi P.V.M. , Sarma Phulen , Sagar Vivek , Sharma Aman , K.Arora Sunil , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMolecular techniques can enhance the power of epidemiological investigations for tracing HIV transmission networks. This information could be useful for developing strategies for prevention of HIV transmission. Hence, we carried out to a study on the transmission patterns among newly diagnosed HIV cases among High-Risk Groups (HRGs) of North-West India using phylogenomic methods.MethodsPhylogenomic analysis was carried out among 37 randomly selected samples of recently infected HRGs identified through Recent Infections Testing Algorithm (RITA) using Limiting Antigen Avidity Assay. Amplification of the reverse transcriptase region ofpolgene (540 base pairs) and sequencing was done. Reference sequences were extracted from HIV Los Alamos database. Sequences aligned by Clustal W and HIV-1 subtype were determined on the basis of phylogenomic analysis of thepolsequence. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using the MEGA (version 11.0).ResultsThe phylogeny clearly depicts that the study isolates RTFSWCHD and RTFSWPB007 cluster with and are related to the Indian reference sequences AY746371 and EU683781 and a Nepalese sequence KX430115.The other study isolates (RTFSWCHD001, RTFSWPB005, RTFSWCHD002, RTFSWPB006, RTFSWHR008, RTFSWHR 009) clustered uniquely among themselves without any interlinking with other references. One study isolate (RTFSWHP004) clustered closely with Zimbabwian isolate AY998351. The phylogeny shows that the study isolate MSMCHD005 clades separately with the Indian references (DQ838761, EU683781and AY746371), but is also very closely related to the references from China (HG421606, JQ658754), Nepal(JN023039) and Myanmar (N223216, JN223183, KC913773). Other study isolates (MSMCHD003, MSMHP007, MSMCHD004, MSMPB001, MSMPB002, and MSMHR006) are highly interrelated among themselves and form a separate unique clade together. The evolutionary tree shows that all the sequences from current study formed a monophyletic lineage, i.e., sequences from India clustered together more than with sequences from any other country. The study sequences showed relatedness only to the Nepal references KX430115 and JN023035. The South African, UK, Norway, China, and Myanmar references are grouped into aseparate clade.ConclusionMolecular epidemiologic methods were able to reveal transmission networks; hence, phylogenomic methods can be used in HIV Sentinel Surveillance to monitor transmission networks.
Emulator-based Bayesian calibration of the CISNET colorectal cancer models
Authors: Pineda-Antunez Carlos , Seguin Claudia , van Duuren Luuk A , Knudsen Amy B. , Davidi Barak , Nascimento de Lima Pedro , Rutter Carolyn , Kuntz Karen M. , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris , Collier Nicholson , Ozik Jonathan , Alarid-Escudero Fernando 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeTo calibrate Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET) ’s SimCRC, MISCAN-Colon, and CRC-SPIN simulation models of the natural history colorectal cancer (CRC) with an emulator-based Bayesian algorithm and internally validate the model-predicted outcomes to calibration targets.MethodsWe used Latin hypercube sampling to sample up to 50,000 parameter sets for each CISNET-CRC model and generated the corresponding outputs. We trained multilayer perceptron artificial neural networks (ANN) as emulators using the input and output samples for each CISNET-CRC model. We selected ANN structures with corresponding hyperparameters (i.e., number of hidden layers, nodes, activation functions, epochs, and optimizer) that minimize the predicted mean square error on the validation sample. We implemented the ANN emulators in a probabilistic programming language and calibrated the input parameters with Hamiltonian Monte Carlo-based algorithms to obtain the joint posterior distributions of the CISNET-CRC models’ parameters. We internally validated each calibrated emulator by comparing the model-predicted posterior outputs against the calibration targets.ResultsThe optimal ANN for SimCRC had four hidden layers and 360 hidden nodes, MISCAN-Colon had 4 hidden layers and 114 hidden nodes, and CRC-SPIN had one hidden layer and 140 hidden nodes. The total time for training and calibrating the emulators was 7.3, 4.0, and 0.66 hours for SimCRC, MISCAN-Colon, and CRC-SPIN, respectively. The mean of the model-predicted outputs fell within the 95% confidence intervals of the calibration targets in 98 of 110 for SimCRC, 65 of 93 for MISCAN, and 31 of 41 targets for CRC-SPIN.ConclusionsUsing ANN emulators is a practical solution to reduce the computational burden and complexity for Bayesian calibration of individual-level simulation models used for policy analysis, like the CISNET CRC models. In this work, we present a step-by-step guide to constructing emulators for calibrating three realistic CRC individual-level models using a Bayesian approach.
Endovascular thrombectomy for the treatment of large ischemic stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials
Authors: Atchley Travis J. , Estevez-Ordonez Dagoberto , Laskay Nicholas M.B. , Tabibian Borna E. , Harrigan Mark R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractImportanceEndovascular thrombectomy (ET) has previously been reserved for patients with small to medium acute ischemic strokes. Three recent randomized control trials (RCTs) have demonstrated functional benefit and risk profiles for ET in large volume ischemic strokes.ObjectiveThe primary objective of the meta-analysis was to determine the combined benefit of ET in adult patients with large volume acute ischemic strokes and to better determine the risk of adverse events following ET.Data SourcesWe systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled, and Google Scholar for all RCTs published in English language between January 1, 2010, to February 19, 2023.Study SelectionWe included only RCTs specifically comparing ET to medical therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke with large volume infarctions as defined by Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) 3-5 or calculated infarct volume of > 50-70mL. Two independent reviewers screened potential studies for full text review and metaanalysis inclusion with conflicts being resolved by consensus or third reviewer.Data Extraction and SynthesisData was extracted based on pre-specified variables on study methods and design, participant characteristics, analysis approach, as well as efficacy and safety outcomes. Results were combined using a restricted maximum-likelihood estimation random-effects model. Studies were assessed for potential bias and quality of evidence.Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s)The prespecified primary outcome was an overall ordinal shift across the range of modified Rankin scale scores toward a better outcome at 90 days following either ET or medical management for patients with large volume ischemic strokes.ResultsA total of 3044 studies were screened, and 29 underwent full text review. 3 RCTs (1011 patients) were included in the analysis. The pooled random effects model for the primary outcome of mRS improvement favored ET over medical management, generalized odds ratio 1.55 [95% CI 1.25 – 1.91, T2= 0.01, I2= 42.84%]. There was a trend toward increased risk of symptomatic ICH in the ET group, relative risk 1.85 [95% CI 0.94 – 3.63, T2= 0.00, I2= 0.00%].Conclusions and RelevanceIn patients with large volume ischemic strokes, ET has a clear functional benefit and does not confer increased risk of significant complications compared to medical management alone.
Impact of Synchronized Left Ventricular Pacing in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Miyazaki Yuichiro , Ishibashi Kohei , Ueda Nobuhiko , Oka Satoshi , Wakamiya Akinori , Shimamoto Keiko , Nakajima Kenzaburo , Kamakura Tsukasa , Wada Mitsuru , Inoue Yuko , Miyamoto Koji , Nagase Satoshi , Aiba Takeshi , Kusano Kengo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe adaptive cardiac resynchronization therapy (aCRT) algorithm enables synchronized left ventricular pacing (sLVP) to produce fusion with intrinsic right ventricular activation in normal atrioventricular (AV) conduction. Although sLVP presents benefits over biventricular pacing (BVP), the adequate sLVP rate for better clinical outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between sLVP rates and clinical outcomes.MethodsAmong our cohort of 271 consecutive patients who underwent CRT implantation between April 2016 and August 2021, we evaluated 63 patients who underwent CRT without considerably prolonged AV conduction and applied the aCRT algorithm (48 men, mean age: 64 ± 14 years; median follow-up period: 316 days [interquartile range: 212–809 days]).ResultsAt the 6-month follow-up after CRT implantation, the frequency of CRT responders was 71% (n = 45). The sLVP rate was significantly higher in responders than in non-responders (75 ± 30 vs. 47 ± 40 %,p= 0.003). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off value during the sLVP rate was 59.4% for prediction of CRT responders (area under the curve, 0.70; sensitivity, 80%; specificity, 61%; positive predictive value, 84%; and negative predictive value, 55%). Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated that the higher sLVP group (sLVP ≥59.4%, n = 43) had better prognosis (cardiac death and heart failure hospitalization) than the lower sLVP group (sLVP <59.4%, n = 20) (log-rankp<0.001), and multivariate Cox hazard analysis revealed that a higher sLVP rate was associated with good prognosis (p<0.001).ConclusionsLVP was associated with CRT response, and higher sLVP rate (≥59.4%) is important for good prognosis in patients with aCRT.CLINICAL PERSPECTIVEWhat Is New?Synchronized left ventricular pacing(sLVP) >59.4% was a significant predictor of cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT) responders and better clinical outcomes, evidenced by the results of the multivariate analysis.In this study, which included patients with moderately prolonged PR intervals, high sLVP rates were associated with better clinical outcomes.What Are the Clinical Implications?sLVP rate was associated with the improvement of cardiac function after CRT implantation.A higher sLVP rate was associated with a lower risk of cardiac death and heart failure hospitalization.
Bearded or smooth? Awns improve yield when wheat experiences heat stress during grain fill
Authors: DeWitt Noah , Lyerly Jeanette , Guedira Mohammed , Holland James B. , Ward Brian P. , Murphy J. Paul , Boyles Richard E. , Mergoum Mohamed , Babar Md. Ali , Shakiba Ehsan , Sutton Russel , Ibrahim Amir , Tiwari Vijay , Santantonio Nicholas , Van Sanford David A. , Howell Kimberly , Smith Jared H. , Harrison Stephen A. , Brown-Guedira Gina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe presence or absence of awns – whether wheat heads are ”bearded” or ”smooth”– is the most visible phenotype distinguishing wheat cultivars. Previous studies suggest that awns may improve yields in heat or water-stressed environments, but the exact contribution of awns to yield differences remains unclear. Here we leverage historical phenotypic, genotypic, and climate data to estimate the yield effects of awns under different environmental conditions over a 12-year period in the Southeast US. Lines were classified as awned or awnless based on sequence data, and observed heading dates were used to associate grain fill periods of each line in each environment with climatic data and grain yield. In most environments, awn suppression was associated with higher yields, but awns were associated with better performance in heat-stressed environments more common at southern locations. Wheat breeders in environments where awns are only beneficial in some years may consider selection for awned lines to reduce year-to-year yield variability, and with an eye towards future climates.
Lack of CCDC146, a ubiquitous centriole and microtubule-associated protein, leads to non-syndromic male infertility in human and mouse
Authors: Muroňová Jana , Kherraf Zine-Eddine , Giordani Elsa , Lambert Emeline , Eckert Simon , Cazin Caroline , Amiri-Yekta Amir , Court Magali , Chevalier Geneviève , Martinez Guillaume , Neirijnck Yasmine , Kühne Francoise , Wehrli Lydia , Klena Nikolai , Hamel Virginie , De Macedo Lisa , Escoffier Jessica , Guichard Paul , Coutton Charles , Mustapha Selima Fourati Ben , Kharouf Mashmoud , Bouin Anne-Pascale , Zouari Raoudha , Thierry-Mieg Nicolas , Nef Serge , Geimer Stefan , Loeuillet Corinne , Ray Pierre , Arnoult Christophe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGenetic mutations are a recurrent cause of male infertility. Multiple morphological abnormalities of the flagellum (MMAF) syndrome is a heterogeneous genetic disease, with which more than 50 genes have been linked. Nevertheless, for 50% of patients with this condition, no genetic cause is identified. From a study of a cohort of 167 MMAF patients, pathogenic bi-allelic mutations were identified in theCCDC146gene in two patients. This gene encodes a poorly characterized centrosomal protein which we studied in detail here. First, protein localization was studied in two cell lines. We confirmed the centrosomal localization in somatic cells and showed that the protein also presents multiple microtubule-related localizations during mitotic division, suggesting that it is a microtubule-associated protein (MAP). To better understand the function of the protein at the sperm level, and the molecular pathogenesis of infertility associated withCCDC146mutations, two genetically modified mouse models were created: aCcdc146knock-out (KO) and a knock-in (KI) expressing a HA-tagged CCDC146 protein. KO male mice were completely infertile, and sperm exhibited a phenotype identical to our two MMAF patient’s phenotype withCCDC146mutations. No other pathology was observed, and the animals were viable. CCDC146 expression starts during late spermiogenesis, at the time of flagellum biogenesis. In the spermatozoon, the protein is conserved but is not localized to centrioles, unlike in somatic cells, rather it is present in the axoneme at the level of microtubule doublets. Expansion microscopy associated with the use of the detergent sarkosyl to solubilize microtubule doublets, suggest that the protein may be a microtubule inner protein (MIP). At the subcellular level, the absence of CCDC146 affected the formation, localization and morphology of all microtubule-based organelles such as the manchette, the head–tail coupling apparatus (HTCA), and the axoneme. Through this study, we have characterized a new genetic cause of infertility, identified a new factor in the formation and/or structure of the sperm axoneme, and demonstrated that the CCDC146 protein plays several cellular roles, depending on the cell type and the stages in the cell cycle.