bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of endoscopic septoplasty for treating nasal septal deviations compared with conventional septoplasty: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Kim Do Hyun , Kim Sung Won , Hwang Se Hwan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe assessed the effects and safety of endoscopic septoplasty in patients with nasal septal deviations (NSD), compared with those of conventional septoplasty.Design and SettingSystematic review and meta‐analysis.ParticipantsPatients who have undergone various endoscopic septoplasty procedure, such as hemitransfixion incision, incision at the deviated site and Killian incision, and conventional septoplasty.Main Outcome MeasuresSix databases were searched up to April 2022. We analysed studies comparing improvements in NSD‐related symptoms and post‐operative complications between endoscopic septoplasty and control (conventional septoplasty) groups.ResultsA total of 38 articles with 2733 individuals were included. There were no significant differences in operative time (−0.4354, 95% confidence interval [CI: −1.1670; 0.2962]) or intra‐operative bleeding (−1.3011 [−2.8003; 0.1981]) between the two groups. In the endoscopic septoplasty group, the change in nasal obstruction symptom evaluation score (9.5143 [5.4613; 13.5674] was statistically higher and the incidence of mucosal tearing (0.2766 [0.1889; 0.4049]) was lower. The incidences of full relief from symptoms such as headache (2.1996 [1.6896; 2.8634]), hyposmia (4.4468 [2.6806; 7.3767]), nasal obstruction (5.9871 [4.3292; 8.2800]), post‐nasal drip (4.7241 [3.4086; 6.5472]) and snoring (2.9980 [1.2622; 7.1211]) were significantly higher in the endoscopic septoplasty group. In terms of post‐operative endoscopic findings, epistaxis (0.3043 [0.1969; 0.4703]), hematoma (0.2022 [0.0785; 0.5213]), nasal obstruction 0.3373 [0.1334; 0.8527]), residual posterior septal deviation (0.1562 [0.0921; 0.2650]), septal perforation (0.2286 [0.1069; 0.4889]), residual spur (0.1294 [0.0602; 0.2780]) and synechia (0.2537 [0.1849; 0.3483]) were significantly less common in the endoscopic septoplasty group.ConclusionEndoscopic septoplasty better relieved NSD‐related symptoms and reduced surgery‐related complications compared to conventional septoplasty.
Bone marrow stromal cell‐derived exosomal circular RNA improves diabetic foot ulcer wound healing by activating the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 pathway and inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Chen Juehao , Li Xi , Liu Hua , Zhong Da , Yin Ke , Li Yusheng , Zhu Lemei , Xu Can , Li Mingqing , Wang Chenggong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiabetic foot ulcer (DFU) remains a serious chronic diabetic complication that can lead to disability. CircRNA‐itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (circ‐ITCH) was observed to be down‐regulated in diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy, and overexpression of circ‐ITCH could inhibit the processes of these diseases. However, the detailed physiological and pathological functions of circ‐ITCH in wound healing of DFU remain undetermined.MethodsExosomes derived from bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were isolated and identified. Cell viability and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and tube formation assays, respectively. The interplays of circ‐ITCH, TATA‐Box‐binding protein associated factor 15 (TAF15) and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA were analysed by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) combined immunofluorescent staining and RNA pull‐down assays. qRT‐PCR, western blot or immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to measure the expression of circ‐ITCH, TAF15, Nrf2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFR) and ferroptosis‐related makers. The mice DFU model was established to verify the in vitro results.ResultsCirc‐ITCH was down‐regulated in in vitro and in vivo models of DFU. Deferoxamine (DFO), an iron chelating agent, improved the viability and angiogenic ability of high glucose (HG)‐treated HUVECs. Overexpression of circ‐ITCH or co‐cultured with exosomal circ‐ITCH from BMSCs could alleviate HG‐induced ferroptosis and improve the angiogenesis ability of HUVECs. Circ‐ITCH in HUVECs recruited TAF15 protein to stabilize Nrf2 mRNA, thus activating the Nrf2 signalling pathway and suppressing ferroptosis. Exosomal circ‐ITCH from BMSCs also accelerated the wound healing process by inhibiting ferroptosis in the DFU mice in a time‐dependent manner.ConclusionExosomal circ‐ITCH from BMSCs inhibited ferroptosis and improved the angiogenesis of HUVECs through activation of the Nrf2 signalling pathway by recruiting TAF15 protein, ultimately accelerating the wound healing process in DFU.
Traumatic brain injury, stroke, and epilepsy: A mediation study in a Danish nationwide cohort
Authors: Lolk Kasper , Lange Theis , Elwert Felix , Dreier Julie W. , Christensen Jakob 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTraumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke are well‐known causes of acquired epilepsy. TBI is also a risk factor for stroke, and injury‐induced stroke may indirectly convey a proportion of the epilepsy risk following TBI. We studied the extent to which the effect of TBI on epilepsy operated through intermediary stroke.MethodsWe analyzed a nationwide, matched, register‐based cohort of adults 40 years of age whose first TBI at Danish hospitals was recorded between 2004 and 2016. A matched reference population was sampled for comparison. During follow‐up, we recorded all acute strokes. Cox proportional hazard models and the difference method were used to estimate the total and controlled direct effect hazard ratios (HRs) of TBI on epilepsy and the indirect effect HRs of TBI on epilepsy operating through stroke, and to calculate the proportion eliminated. Analyses were stratified by severity of, age at, and time since TBI.ResultsWe followed 57 900 persons with TBI (48.6% males) from median age 61 years (interquartile range = 51–75), and 561 977 age‐ and sex‐matched references. The total effect of TBI on epilepsy was higher for persons aged 40–59 years (HR = 5.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.65–5.72) than for persons aged 60 years (HR = 4.55, 95% CI = 4.19–4.95). In contrast, the indirect effect of TBI mediated by stroke was lower for persons aged 40–59 years (HR = 1.02, 95% CI = 1.02–1.03) than for persons aged 60 years (HR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.04–1.06). We estimated 2.3% and 5.6% of the risk of epilepsy after TBI to operate through stroke for these age groups, respectively.SignificanceLess than 6% of the risk of epilepsy following TBI operated through intermediary stroke. However, this mechanism seems to play an increasing role with age and for late onset epilepsies. This warrants further investigation.
First report of Saissetia miranda (Cockerell & Parrott) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in Tunisia: occurrence on fig trees
Authors: Ben Halima Kamel Monia , Zouari Sana , Ercan Cansu , Kaydan Bora Mehmet 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSaissetia miranda (Cockerell & Parrott) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) was identified for the first time in Tunisia, in the region of Akouda (Sousse, coastal area of Tunisia) on Ficus carica L. (Moraceae) during a survey in July and August 2020 and 2021. The infestation was observed on leaves, shoots and also on the stems and branches of fig trees. This is the first record of S. miranda in Tunisia and the first record of this pest in North Africa. Two other scale insects, Ceroplastes rusci L. (Hemiptera: Coccidae) and Planococcus ficus Signoret (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), were also recorded during this survey.
Heart rate variability during high‐speed treadmill exercise and recovery in Thoroughbred racehorses presented for poor performance
Authors: Hammond Anna , Sage William , Hezzell Melanie , Smith Sarah , Franklin Samantha , Allen Kate 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundHeart rate variability (HRV) analysis measures the inter‐beat interval variation of successive cardiac cycles. Measurement of these indices has been used to assess cardiac autonomic modulation and for arrhythmia identification in exercising horses.ObjectivesTo report HRV indices during submaximal exercise, strenuous exercise and recovery, and explore relationships with clinical conditions (arrhythmias, lameness, equine gastric ulcer syndrome [EGUS], lower airway inflammation and upper respiratory tract obstructions [URTOs]) in Thoroughbred racehorses.Study designRetrospective, observational cross‐sectional study.MethodsOne hundred and eighty Thoroughbred horses underwent a treadmill exercise test with simultaneous electrocardiographic recording. Time‐domain HRV indices (standard deviation of the R–R interval [SDRR]; root mean square of successive differences [RMSSD]) were derived for submaximal and strenuous exercise and recovery segments. Clinical conditions (arrhythmia [during each phase of exercise], lameness, EGUS, lower airway inflammation and URTO) were assigned to binary categories for statistical analysis. Relationships between selected HRV indices and the clinical conditions were explored using linear regression models.ResultsDuring submaximal exercise, lameness was associated with decreased logRMSSD (B = −0.19 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.31 to −0.06, p = 0.006) and arrhythmia was associated with increased logRMSSD (B = 0.31 95% CI 0.01–0.608, p = 0.04). During strenuous exercise, arrhythmia was associated with increased HRV indices (logSDRR B = 0.51 95% CI 0.40–0.62, p < 0.001; RMSSD B = 0.60 95% CI 0.49–0.72, p < 0.001). During recovery, arrhythmia was associated with increased HRV indices (logSDRR B = 0.51 95% CI 0.40–0.62, p < 0.001, logRMSSD B = 0.60 95% CI 0.49–0.72, p < 0.001).Main limitationsThe main limitations of this retrospective study were that not every horse had the full range of clinical testing, therefore some horses may have had undetected abnormalities.ConclusionsThe presence of arrhythmia increased HRV in both phases of exercise and recovery. Lameness decreased HRV during submaximal exercise.
Validation of inertial measurement units to detect and predict horse behaviour while stabled
Authors: Anderson Katrina , Morrice‐West Ashleigh V. , Walmsley Elizabeth A. , Fisher Andrew D. , Whitton R. Chris , Hitchens Peta L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMusculoskeletal injuries are observed in Thoroughbred racehorses and may become catastrophic. Currently, there are limited methods for early detection of such injuries. Most injuries develop gradually due to accumulated damage, providing the opportunity for early detection. Horses experiencing pain or lameness may exhibit changes in behaviour so the development of an objective, real‐time system monitoring horse behaviour may enable detection of bone injuries before catastrophic failure.ObjectivesTo determine whether intensive observational methods of assessing horse behaviour can be replaced by use of inertial measurement units (IMUs).Study designValidation study assessing IMU use against video observation.MethodsSix hospitalised Thoroughbreds (algorithm training data) and 19 Thoroughbred racehorses in‐training (algorithm testing data) were equipped with an IMU placed on the lateral side of both forelimbs (left fore, LF; right fore, RF) and monitored in a stable for 4 h. An algorithm was developed to classify behaviour and then validated against video recordings.ResultsStanding was the most prevalent behaviour (LF 88.8%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 88.7–89.0; RF 88.5%, 95% CI 88.4–88.7). IMU classification of recumbent and standing activities showed excellent agreement (sensitivity) with video observation (>98%). This was followed by stepping (LF 89.4%, RF 85.5%) then weight‐shifting (LF 54.3%, RF 61.5%). Predictions from the algorithm showed misclassification of 2.5% (LF 5500/225 352, RF 5218/210 170). Excluding standing, misclassification was 6.8% (1705/25 158) and 7.5% (1812/24 077) for the left and right forelimbs, respectively, with pawing and weight‐shifting most frequently misclassified.Main limitationsIncreasing the number of horses and types of behaviours observed may improve predictions.ConclusionsIMUs displayed a high sensitivity to movement on a small number of horses, and with further validation they have the potential to effectively monitor behaviour of racehorses in training. However, more sensitive methods may be needed to validate the classification of weight‐shifting behaviour. Future studies should evaluate the association between each behaviour and musculoskeletal injury.
Morphine in donkeys: Antinociceptive effect and preliminary pharmacokinetics
Authors: Maney Jill K. , Dzikiti Brighton T. , Escobar Andre , Knych Heather K. , Bennett Rachel C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMorphine is the prototypical μ‐opioid receptor agonist used to provide analgesia in veterinary species. Its effects are well‐described in horses but not donkeys.ObjectivesTo determine the antinociceptive effects of two doses of morphine in donkeys. To describe preliminary pharmacokinetic parameters of morphine in donkeys.Study designIn vivo experiment.MethodsEight adult castrated male donkeys were given intravenous (IV) 0.9% saline, morphine 0.1 mg/kg bwt (LDM), or morphine 0.5 mg/kg bwt (HDM) in a randomised order with a minimum 1‐week washout period. Mechanical nociceptive thresholds (MNTs) were determined by a blinded investigator pre‐injection and 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 300, and 360 min post‐injection. Venous blood samples were collected pre‐injection and 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min post‐injection. Data were analysed using Friedman's test with Dunn's post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated for the HDM treatment.ResultsBaseline MNT was [median (interquartile range)] 8.9 (7.1–10.3) N and did not differ between treatments. Peak MNTs occurred at 60 min for both LDM (16.2 N) and HDM (25.0 N) treatments. MNTs after HDM treatment were higher than saline (p < 0.04) at 15, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240, and 300 min post‐injection. MNTs after LDM treatment were higher than baseline (p < 0.05) at 45 and 60 min post‐injection. Terminal half‐life for HDM was (mean ± SD) 51.0 ± 10.7 min, the volume of distribution at steady‐state 2.07 ± 0.33 L/min and clearance 49.2 ± 4.16 ml * min/kg using noncompartmental analysis. The concentration of morphine‐3‐glucuronide (M3G) was higher than morphine‐6‐glucuronide (M6G) at all sampled time points.Main limitationsShort duration of plasma sampling for pharmacokinetic analysis; lack of objective measure of gastrointestinal function.ConclusionsThe HDM treatment provided mechanical antinociception in donkeys with no significant adverse effects.
Nitrification, denitrification, and related functional genes under elevated CO2: A meta‐analysis in terrestrial ecosystems
Authors: Gineyts Robin , Niboyet Audrey 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlobal change may have profound effects on soil nitrogen (N) cycling that can induce positive feedback to climate change through increased nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions mediated by nitrification and denitrification. We conducted a meta‐analysis of the effects of elevated CO2 on nitrification and denitrification based on 879 observations from 58 publications and 46 independent elevated CO2 experiments in terrestrial ecosystems. We investigated the effects of elevated CO2 alone or combined with elevated temperature, increased precipitation, drought, and N addition. We assessed the response to elevated CO2 of gross and potential nitrification, potential denitrification, and abundances of related functional genes (archaeal amoA, bacterial amoA, nirK, nirS, and nosZ). Elevated CO2 increased potential nitrification (+28%) and the abundance of bacterial amoA functional gene (+62%) in cropland ecosystems. Elevated CO2 increased potential denitrification when combined with N addition and higher precipitation (+116%). Elevated CO2 also increased the abundance of nirK (+25%) and nirS (+27%) functional genes in terrestrial ecosystems and of nosZ (+32%) functional gene in cropland ecosystems. The increase in the abundance of nosZ under elevated CO2 was larger at elevated temperature and high N (+62%). Four out of 14 two‐way interactions tested between elevated CO2 and elevated temperature, elevated CO2 and increased precipitation, and elevated CO2 and N addition were marginally significant and mostly synergistic. The effects of elevated CO2 on potential nitrification and abundances of bacterial amoA and nirS functional genes increased with mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation. Our meta‐analysis thus suggests that warming and increased precipitation in large areas of the world could reinforce positive responses of nitrification and denitrification to elevated CO2 and urges the need for more investigations in the tropical zone and on interactive effects among multiple global change factors, as we may largely underestimate the effects of global change on soil N2O emissions.
‘Marketization’ of higher education in Peru: Who attends private institutions and what are the perceived advantages (disadvantages)?
Authors: Thapa Amrit , Miranda Alejandra , Sánchez Alan , Behrman Jere R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDebate continues on the effects of the global proliferation of private higher‐educational institutions, especially for‐profit institutions. We examine two related questions for Peru using mixed methods: Who attends private institutions and what are their perceived advantages/disadvantages? Longitudinal quantitative data suggest higher‐educational segmentation starting early in life, whereby young people from wealthier households attended private institutions and those from poorer households attended public ones. Interviews with teachers, students, and staff provide insights on perceived strengths and drawbacks of higher‐educational marketization and highlight the importance of family background in higher‐educational choices, governmental regulation, and close monitoring of higher‐educational quality.
Treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and cross‐infection in dental clinics in Korea
Authors: Lee Na‐Young , Kim Han‐Na 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the study was to investigate patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) who visited dental clinics for treatment and to analyse the occurrence of additional COVID‐19‐confirmed cases according to the type of dental treatment and use of personal protective equipment (PPE).MethodsInterviews were conducted in November 2021 via telephone, and written questionnaires were administered to dental hygienists working at the 24 dental clinics selected for the study, visited by patients with COVID‐19. The survey focused on the visit date, the treatment received, whether or not the dental personnel wore PPE while treating the patient, and how the dental clinic and the public health centre with jurisdiction over the clinic responded after the patient's visit.ResultsAdditional confirmed cases occurred in two of the 24 dental clinics included. In both cases, scaling was performed, dental personnel did not use a face shield, and patients with COVID‐19 were asymptomatic. In 14 of the 22 dental clinics where additional confirmed cases did not occur, the dental personnel did not use face shields, and in 10 clinics, the dental personnel wore dental masks but not a KF94 mask. Based on these findings, which were obtained before the advent of the omicron variant, COVID‐19 cross‐infection did not appear to be high in dental clinics.ConclusionThe rate of COVID‐19 cross‐infection before the advent of the omicron variant appeared to be low in dental clinics in Korea. Therefore, patients have no reason to delay necessary dental treatment if dental personnel put effort into wearing PPE.
Co‐movement among oil, stock, bond, and housing markets: An analysis of U.S., Asian, and European economies
Authors: Yunus Nafeesa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study explores the co‐movement among oil and the stock, bond, and housing markets of the U.S. and major developed countries across Europe and Asia. The results indicate that oil is long‐run integrated with each asset class, and that the extent of convergence has increased after the onset of the 2007–2009 global financial crisis (GFC). Moreover, oil contributes most heavily toward the common trends, implying that oil is the “leader” sector that drives each asset class toward long‐run equilibrium relationships. Short‐run analyses indicate that oil shocks induce a negative response in stock and housing returns and a positive reaction in bond returns, showing a tendency to become more intense and persistent after the GFC. When oil shocks are disentangled, the results indicate that supply and demand have heterogeneous effects on the three global asset classes. Over the long‐run, demand shocks make the most significant contribution to the common trends and “lead” the other asset classes, whereas supply shocks have either a negligible or a weaker impact. Over the short‐run, demand shocks positively impact the stock and housing markets and negatively impact bonds, while supply shocks induce negative and weaker impacts on all three asset classes.
Critical Expectation Gaps: Advancing Theorization of the Perceptual Approach in EU Foreign Policy Studies
Authors: Chaban Natalia , Elgström Ole 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdvancing theorization of the perceptual approach to EU foreign policy, this study develops a new notion of critical expectation gaps, intended to reflect on the depth and intensity of the rapture between expectations/hopes and perceived performance of the EU. In our focus is the correlation between the degree of externally perceived ‘Otherness’ and the likelihood of EU external action to be considered effective, whereas the EU adapts (or not) to existing perception gaps (in this research, the expectation–performance and hope–performance gaps). We propose a novel conceptual apparatus to understand the gaps in terms of the locus of expectations and types of causal factors. Empirically, we engage with a 13‐country dataset of external perceptions of the EU amongst tertiary educated youth.
From the sea to the table: The environmental impact assessment of fishing, processing, and end‐of‐life of albacore in Cantabria
Authors: Fernández‐Ríos Ana , Ceballos‐Santos Sandra , Laso Jara , Campos Cristina , Cristóbal Jorge , Margallo María , Aldaco Rubén , Ruiz‐Salmón Israel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCantabria, a small coastal region of Northern Spain, is one of the biggest producers of gourmet tuna cans in Europe. The fish capture in the Cantabrian Sea and the subsequent transformation in a local processing plant give distinction to this product, which is widely marketed in cans of 105 g of net weight. This work evaluates for the first time the environmental profile of the whole supply chain of this product, from fishing, processing, and waste valorization to inter‐stage transport and packaging management in the end‐of‐life. To this end, the life cycle assessment methodology was applied considering primary data from the stakeholders involved in the supply chain and analyzing the seven most studied categories in this sector. Results revealed that fishing and processing accounted for the majority of the environmental impacts, while valorization and end‐of‐life treatments only avoid less than 10% of the burdens. The most important findings are focused on the high dependence on fuel use, identified as a hotspot in most stages although low compared to other fisheries, and on the intensive use of resources, especially sunflower oil, which contributes more than 70% of the impact on the global warming potential of the processing. This current framework forces the enhancement of the efficiency of a sector that attempts to engage the challenge of societal sustainability, by identifying the critical points and guiding policy makers on the path to sustainable development.