bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of radiographic and clinical outcomes between ALIF, OLIF, and TLIF over 2-year follow-up: a comparative study
Authors: Tung Kuan-Kai , Tseng Wei-Cheng , Wu Yun-Che , Chen Kun-Hui , Pan Chien-Chou , Lu Wen-Xian , Shih Cheng-Min , Lee Cheng-Hung 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Regarding the increasing adoption of oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) for treating degenerative lumbar disorders, we aimed to evaluate whether OLIF, one of the options for anterolateral approach lumbar interbody fusion, demonstrate clinical superiority over anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) or posterior approach, represented by transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF).

Methods
Patients who received ALIF, OLIF, and TLIF for symptomatic degenerative lumbar disorders during the period 2017–2019 were identified. Radiographic, perioperative, and clinical outcomes were recorded and compared during 2-year follow-up.

Results
A total of 348 patients with 501 correction levels were enrolled in the study. Fundamental sagittal alignment profiles were substantially improved at 2-year follow-up, particularly in the anterolateral approach (A/OLIF) group. The Oswestry disability index (ODI) and EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) in the ALIF group were superior when compared to the OLIF and TLIF group 2-year following surgery. However, comparisons of VAS-Total, VAS-Back, and VAS-Leg revealed no statistically significance across all approaches. TLIF demonstrated highest subsidence rate of 16%, while OLIF had least blood loss and was suitable for high body mass index patients.

Conclusions
Regarding treatment for degenerative lumbar disorders, ALIF of anterolateral approach demonstrated superb alignment correction and clinical outcome. Comparing to TLIF, OLIF possessed advantage in reducing blood loss, restoring sagittal profiles and the accessibility at all lumbar level while simultaneously achieving comparable clinical improvement. Patient selection in accordance with baseline conditions, and surgeon preference both remain crucial issues circumventing surgical approach strategy.
Deficits in psychological resilience and problem-solving ability in adolescents with suicidal ideation
Authors: Xu Lin , Zhang Hangbin , Zhou Chendi , Zhang Zhongwen , Li Gen , Lu Weicong , Tian Xinhe , Huang Hebin , Li Danping , Schinke Robert J. , Yuan Tifei , Yin Jie , Lin Kangguang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to explore differences between psychological resilience and problem-solving ability in grade one junior middle school adolescents with and without suicidal ideation, focusing on the relationship between these factors and suicidal ideation.

Methods
Ninety-nine adolescents (aged 10 to 14) were divided into Suicidal Ideation (SI, n = 49) and Non-Suicidal Ideation (NSI, n = 50) grouped by the Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale (SIOSS). The Psychological Resilience Scale (PRS) and Tower of Hanoi task (TOH) were applied to assess psychological resilience and problem-solving ability, respectively.

Results
The SI group scored significantly lower than the NSI group on PRS (p < 0.001) and performed more poorly on TOH than the NSI group, with more mistakes in the number of errors index (p < 0.001) and requiring a longer time in the task completion time index (p < 0.05). Among all the participants in this study, a significant negative correlation was observed between PRS and SIOSS (r = − 0.413, p < 0.01). The sub-dimensions of PRS including emotional control, family support, and interpersonal assistance were significantly negatively correlated with the SIOSS total score (r = − 0.361, − 0.360, − 0.382; p < 0.01).

Conclusions
This study profiled the characteristics and differences in psychological resilience and problem-solving ability between adolescents with and without suicidal ideation. The data suggested adolescents with SI might have deficits in psychological resilience and problem-solving ability, which may serve as potential targets for suicide intervention.
Primary prevention programs for childhood obesity: are they cost-effective?
Authors: Guarino Miriana , Matonti Lorena , Chiarelli Francesco , Blasetti Annalisa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChildhood obesity is increasing all over the world. It is associated with a reduction in quality of life and a relevant burden on society costs. This systematic review deals with the cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of primary prevention programs on childhood overweight/obesity, in order to benefit from cost-effective interventions.We screened and evaluated all the studies with a cost-effectiveness analysis on childhood obesity primary prevention program by PUBMED and Google Scholar, using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the studies was assessed by Drummond’s checklist.Ten studies were included. Two of them examined the cost-effectiveness of community-based prevention programs, four focused only on school-based programs while four more studies examined both community-based and school-based programs. The studies were different in terms of study design, target population, health and economic outcomes. Seventy per cent of the works had positive economic results.The majority of the studies showed effective economic outcomes applying primary prevention programs on childhood obesity. It is important to increase homogeneity and consistency among different studies.
Metabolic engineering for the biosynthesis of bis-indolylquinone terrequinone A in Escherichia coli from L-tryptophan and prenol
Authors: Wang Lijuan , Deng Yongdong , Peng Rihe , Gao Jianjie , Li Zhenjun , Zhang Wenhui , Xu Jing , Wang Bo , Wang Yu , Han Hongjuan , Fu Xiaoyan , Tian Yongsheng , Yao Quanhong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Terrequinone A is a bis-indolylquinone natural product with antitumor activity. Due to its unique asymmetric quinone core structure and multiple functional groups, biosynthesis is more efficient and environmentally friendly than traditional chemical synthesis. Currently, most bis-indolylquinones are obtained by direct extraction from fungi or by chemical synthesis. By focusing on the biosynthesis of terrequinone A, we hope to explore the way to synthesize bis-indolylquinones de novo using Escherichia coli as a cell factory.

Results
In this study, a terrequinone A synthesis pathway containing the tdiA–tdiE genes was constructed into Escherichia coli and activated by a phosphopantetheinyl transferase gene sfp, enabling the strain to synthesize 1.54 mg/L of terrequinone A. Subsequently, a two-step isopentenol utilization pathway was introduced to enhance the supply of endogenous dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) in E. coli, increasing the level of terrequinone A to 20.1 mg/L. By adjusting the L-tryptophan (L-Trp)/prenol ratio, the major product could be changed from ochrindole D to terrequinone A, and the content of terrequinone A reached the highest 106.3 mg/L under the optimized culture conditions. Metabolic analysis of L-Trp indicated that the conversion of large amounts of L-Trp to indole was an important factor preventing the further improvement of terrequinone A yield.

Conclusions
A comprehensive approach was adopted and terrequinone A was successfully synthesized from low-cost L-Trp and prenol in E. coli. This study provides a metabolic engineering strategy for the efficient synthesis of terrequinone A and other similar bis-indolylquinones with asymmetric quinone cores. In addition, this is the first report on the de novo biosyhthesis of terrequinone A in an engineered strain.
Factors associated with the composition of the gut microbiome in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis and its value for predicting treatment responses
Authors: Koh Jung Hee , Lee Eun Ha , Cha Kwang Hyun , Pan Cheol-Ho , Kim Donghyun , Kim Wan-Uk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
We aimed to investigate the gut microbiota of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have been managed with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for a long time. We focused on factors that might affect composition of the gut microbiota. Furthermore, we investigated whether gut microbiota composition predicts future clinical responses to conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs) in patients with an insufficient response to initial therapy.

Methods
We recruited 94 patients with RA and 30 healthy participants. Fecal gut microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA amplificon sequencing; the resulting raw reads were processed based on QIIME2. Calypso online software was used for data visualization and to compare microbial composition between groups. For RA patients with moderate-to-high disease activity, treatment was changed after stool collection, and responses were observed 6 months later.

Results
The composition of the gut microbiota in patients with established RA was different from that of healthy participants. Young RA patients (< 45 years) had reduced richness, evenness, and distinct gut microbial compositions when compared with older RA patients and healthy individuals. Disease activity and rheumatoid factor levels were not associated with microbiome composition. Overall, biological DMARDs and csDMARDs, except sulfasalazine and TNF inhibitors, respectively, were not associated with the gut microbial composition in patients with established RA. However, the combination of Subdoligranulum and Fusicatenibacter genera was associated with a future good response to second-line csDMARDs in patients who showed an insufficient response to first-line csDMARDs.

Conclusion
Gut microbial composition in patients with established RA is different from that in healthy individuals. Thus, the gut microbiome has the potential to predict responses of some RA patients to csDMARDs.
Denosumab-induced hypocalcemia post bariatric surgery—a severe and protracted course: a case report
Authors: Awang Mohd Hazriq , Hatta Sharifah Faradila Wan Muhamad , Mohamad Aimi Fadilah , Ghani Rohana Abdul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Denosumab is known to cause abnormalities in calcium homeostasis. Most of such cases have been described in patients with underlying chronic kidney disease or severe vitamin D deficiency. Previous bariatric surgery could also contribute to hypocalcemia and deterioration in bone health.

Case presentation
We present a case of a 61-year-old Malay female with worsening bilateral limb weakness, paresthesia, and severe carpopedal spasm a week after receiving subcutaneous denosumab for osteoporosis. She had a history of gastric bypass surgery 20 years ago. Post gastric bypass surgery, she was advised and initiated on lifelong calcium, vitamin D, and iron supplementations that she unfortunately stopped taking 5 years after surgery. Her last serum blood tests, prior to initiation on denosumab, were conducted in a different center, and she was told that she had a low calcium level; hence, she was advised to restart her vitamin and mineral supplements. Laboratory workup revealed severe hypocalcemia (adjusted serum calcium of 1.33 mmol/L) and mild hypophosphatemia (0.65 mmol/L), with normal magnesium and renal function. Electrocardiogram showed a prolonged QTc interval. She required four bolus courses of intravenous calcium gluconate, and three courses of continuous infusions due to retractable severe hypocalcemia (total of 29 vials of 10 mL of 10% calcium gluconate intravenously). In view of her low vitamin D level of 33 nmol/L, she was initiated on a loading dose of cholecalciferol of 50,000 IU per week for 8 weeks. However, despite a loading dose of cholecalciferol, multiple bolus courses, and infusions of calcium gluconate, her serum calcium hovered around only 1.8 mmol/L. After 8 days of continuous intravenous infusions of calcium gluconate, high doses of calcitriol 1.5 μg twice daily, and 1 g calcium carbonate three times daily, her serum calcium stabilized at approximately 2.0 mmol/L. She remained on these high doses for over 2 months, before they were gradually titrated down to ensure sustainability of a safe calcium level.

Conclusion
This case report highlights the importance of screening for risk factors for iatrogenic hypocalcemia and ensuring normal levels before initiating denosumab. The patient history of bariatric surgery could have worsened the hypocalcemia, resulting in a more severe presentation and protracted response to oral calcium and vitamin D supplementation.
The non-destructive investigation of a late antique knob bow fibula (Bügelknopffibel) from Kaiseraugst/CH using Muon Induced X-ray Emission (MIXE)
Authors: Biswas Sayani , Megatli-Niebel Isabel , Raselli Lilian , Simke Ronald , Cocolios Thomas Elias , Deokar Nilesh , Elender Matthias , Gerchow Lars , Hess Herbert , Khasanov Rustem , Knecht Andreas , Luetkens Hubertus , Ninomiya Kazuhiko , Papa Angela , Prokscha Thomas , Reiter Peter , Sato Akira , Severijns Nathal , Shiroka Toni , Seidlitz Michael , Vogiatzi Stergiani Marina , Wang Chennan , Wauters Frederik , Warr Nigel , Amato Alex 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A knob bow fibula (Bügelknopffibel) of the Leutkirch type, which typologically belongs to the second half of the 4th and early 5th century CE, was excavated in 2018 in the Roman city of Augusta Raurica, present-day Kaiseraugst (AG, Switzerland). This was analyzed for the first time for its elemental composition by using the non-destructive technique of Muon Induced X-ray Emission (MIXE) in the continuous muon beam facility at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI). In the present work, the detection limit is 0.4 wt% with

$$\sim$$

∼

1.5 hours of measurement time. The fibula was measured at six different positions, at a depth of 0.3–0.4 mm inside the material. The experimental results show that the fibula is made of bronze, containing the main elements copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), tin (Sn) and lead (Pb). The compositional similarities/differences between different parts of the fibula reveal that it was manufactured as two “workpieces”. One workpiece consists of the knob (13.0±0.6 wt% Pb), bow (11.9±0.4 wt% Pb) and foot (12.5 ± 0.9 wt% Pb). These show a higher Pb content, suggesting a cast bronze. The spiral (3.2 ± 0.2 wt% Pb), which is part of the other workpiece, has a comparatively lower Pb content, suggesting a forged bronze.
Effects of additives containing a novel strain on the fermentation characteristics, structural carbohydrates, and α-tocopherol content of rice straw and corn stover silages
Authors: Wu Qifeng , Xiao Yu , Shao Tao , Zong Cheng , Li Mao , Liu Qinhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel α-tocopherol-producing bacteria strain was isolated and identified as Bacillus tequilensis QH1 (QH1). The effects of QH1 strain inoculation alone (QH), combined with cell wall degradation enzyme (QC), or Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum YM3 and cell wall degradation enzyme (QLC) as the additives on the fermentation characteristics, structural carbohydrates, and α-tocopherol content of rice straw and corn stover silages were investigated, and without additives as the control (CON), in 4 replicates. After silages were kept in a laboratory cabinet (26–34 ℃) and the dark for 42 d, experimental silos (polyethylene plastic bags) were opened for analysis. The results exhibited that the control and additives-treated rice straw and corn stover were ensiled well, indicated by high lactic acid content and little butyric acid content. The QH and QC degraded structural carbohydrates, demonstrated by lower (P < 0.001) neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) than the control, but did not enhance lactic acid fermentation, evidenced by lower (P < 0.001) lactic acid content in QH-treated silages compared with the control silages. The effect of QLC on degrading structural carbohydrates was influenced by material factors, evidenced by no role in decreasing the contents of NDF and ADF in rice straw silage and a good role in decreasing the contents of NDF and ADF in corn stover silage. However, the water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) contents in both rice straw and corn stover silages were increased (P < 0.001) by QLC compared with the control. The control and additives-treated silages had much higher (P < 0.001) α-tocopherol content and lower (P < 0.001) chlorophyll content compared with the material before ensiling. Compared with the control, higher α-tocopherol content was found in QH-treated rice straw (P = 0.071) and corn stover silages (P < 0.05), and QLC-treated corn stover silage (P < 0.05). Therefore, the QH1 strain had the potential to be applied in rice straw silage production, and QLC was recommended to be applied in corn stover silage production.
Graphical Abstract
Secretory expression of β-1,3-glucomannanase in the oleaginous yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides for improved lipid extraction
Authors: Liang Shiyu , Zhang Yue , Lyu Liting , Wang Shuang , Zhao Zongbao K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLipids produced by oleaginous yeasts are considered as sustainable sources for the production of biofuels and oleochemicals. The red yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides can accumulate lipids to over 70% of its dry cell mass. To facilitate lipid extraction, a recombinant β-1,3-glucomannanase, MAN5C, has been applied to partially breakdown R. toruloides cell wall. In this study, R. toruloides NP11 was engineered for secretory expression of MAN5C to simplify the lipid extraction process. Specifically, a cassette contained a codon-optimized gene MAN5C was integrated into the genome of R. toruloides by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The engineered strain NP11-MAN5C was found with proper expression and secretion of active MAN5C, yet no notable compromise in terms of cell growth and lipid production. When NP11-MAN5C cell cultures were extracted with ethyl acetate without any pretreatment, 20% of total lipids were recovered, 4.3-fold higher than that of the parental strain NP11. When the cells were heat-treated followed by extraction with ethyl acetate in the presence of the culture broth supernatants, up to 93% of total lipids were recovered, confirming beneficial effects of MAN5C produced in situ. This study provides a new strategy to engineer oleaginous yeasts for more viable lipid extraction and down-stream processes.
Graphical Abstract
Study of wastewater treatment for freshwater production in a solar desalination unit
Authors: Baghizade Alireza , Farahbod Farshad , Alizadeh Omid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhile desalination of water is energy intensive, traditional use of fossil fuels makes it not only costly, but also unsustainable and environmentally unfriendly; utilization of solar energy for desalination is therefore highly encouraged. This paper presents a study on the technical performance of a solar desalination unit located in Tehran city. The process is modeled using standard energy equations and performance indices are defined. The model simulation results are compared with experimental data from laboratory tests. This study observed that there is good agreement between the experimental data and the model simulation results. It is observed that the maximum solar radiation intensity is found in June and the highest evaporation rate in this month is about $$5\times {10}^{-3}\,{\mathrm{m}}^{3}$$

5
×

10

-
3

m

3

. It is found that the treatment efficacy of the plant decreases with increasing depth of wastewater. Performance of the desalination unit is found to be satisfactory.
Extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells — a novel therapeutic tool in infectious diseases
Authors: Manzoor Tasaduq , Saleem Afnan , Farooq Nida , Dar Lateef Ahmad , Nazir Junaid , Saleem Sahar , Ismail Sameena , Gugjoo Mudasir Bashir , Shiekh Parvaiz A. , Ahmad Syed Mudasir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are nano-sized lipid-bilayer encapsulated vesicles produced by the cells. These EVs are released into the surrounding space by almost all cell types. The EVs help in intercellular communication via their payloads which contain various proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids generated from the donor cells and allow for synergistic responses in surrounding cells. In recent years, EVs have been increasingly important in treating infectious diseases, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, wound infections, sepsis, and intestinal infections. Studies have confirmed the therapeutic value of mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) for treating infectious diseases to eliminate the pathogen, modulate the resistance, and restore tissue damage in infectious diseases. This can be achieved by producing antimicrobial substances, inhibiting pathogen multiplication, and activating macrophage phagocytic activity. Pathogen compounds can be diffused by inserting them into EVs produced and secreted by host cells or by secreting them as microbial cells producing EVs carrying signalling molecules and DNA shielding infected pathogens from immune attack. EVs play a key role in infectious pathogenesis and hold great promise for developing innovative treatments. In this review, we discuss the role of MSC-EVs in treating various infectious diseases.
A novel collapse prediction index for voltage stability analysis and contingency ranking in power systems
Authors: Mokred Salah , Wang Yifei , Chen Tiancong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVoltage instability is a serious phenomenon that can occur in a power system because of critical or stressed conditions. To prevent voltage collapse caused by such instability, accurate voltage collapse prediction is necessary for power system planning and operation. This paper proposes a novel collapse prediction index (NCPI) to assess the voltage stability conditions of the power system and the critical conditions of lines. The effectiveness and applicability of the proposed index are investigated on the IEEE 30-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems and compared with the well-known existing indices (Lmn, FVSI, LQP, NLSI, and VSLI) under several power system operations to validate its practicability and versatility. The study also presents the sensitivity assumptions of existing indices and analyzes their impact on voltage collapse prediction. The application results under intensive case studies prove that the proposed index NCPI adapts to several operating power conditions. The results show the superiority of the proposed index in accurately estimating the maximum load-ability and predicting the critical lines, weak buses, and weak areas in medium and large networks during various power load operations and contingencies. A line interruption or generation unit outage in a power system can also lead to voltage collapse, and this is a contingency in the power system. Line and generation unit outage contingencies are examined to identify the lines and generators that significantly impact system stability in the event of an outage. The contingencies are also ranked to identify the most severe outages that significantly cause voltage collapse because of the outage of line or generator.