bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Poisson distribution model fits UMI-based single-cell RNA-sequencing data
Authors: Pan Yue , Landis Justin T. , Moorad Razia , Wu Di , Marron J.S. , Dittmer Dirk P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Modeling of single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data remains challenging due to a high percentage of zeros and data heterogeneity, so improved modeling has strong potential to benefit many downstream data analyses. The existing zero-inflated or over-dispersed models are based on aggregations at either the gene or the cell level. However, they typically lose accuracy due to a too crude aggregation at those two levels.
Results: We avoid the crude approximations entailed by such aggregation through proposing an Independent Poisson Distribution (IPD) particularly at each individual entry in the scRNA-seq data matrix. This approach naturally and intuitively models the large number of zeros as matrix entries with a very small Poisson parameter. The critical challenge of cell clustering is approached via a novel data representation as Departures from a simple homogeneous IPD (DIPD) to capture the per-gene-per-cell intrinsic heterogeneity generated by cell clusters. Our experiments using real data and crafted experiments show that using DIPD as a data representation for scRNA-seq data can uncover novel cell subtypes that are missed or can only be found by careful parameter tuning using conventional methods.
Conclusions: This new method has multiple advantages, including (1) no needfor prior feature selection or manual optimization of hyperparameters; (2) flexibility to combine with and improve upon other methods, such as Seurat. Another novel contribution is the use of crafted experiments as part of the validation of our newly developed DIPD-based clustering pipeline. This new clustering pipeline is implemented in the R (CRAN) package scpoisson.
A Combined U-Net and Multi-Class Support Vector Machine Learning Models for Diabetic Retinopathy Macula Edema Segmentation and Classification DME
Authors: udayaraju pamula , Jeyanthi P. , Raju Bh V S Ramakrishnam , Rajasri T. , Ramadevi N. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is one of the major eye problems caused by defects in the blood vessels that occur in retinal tissues. Uncontrolled blood sugar makes diabetic retinopathy. Majority of the diabetic patients are affected by Macula Edema problems which makes vision loss. Diabetic Macula Edema can be identified at its earlier stage by floaters, dark areas, and blur in the vision. Earlier stages of the DME can be treated and saved from vision loss. The flow or deposit of the blood make swelling in the macula and it makes a serious complication called DME. Ophthalmologists used various computer methods to diagnose fundus images to identify macular Edema and its stages, but the accuracy of the DME detection and classification using fundus images with traditional methods is less. This problem is considered as a major problem and most medical and healthcare experts are trying to provide a better solution with high accuracy. This paper has aimed to develop a combination of the U-Net model with the Multi-Class Support Vector Machine for segmenting and classifying OCT images. The experimental results show that the proposed U-Net-MSVM provides high accuracy in terms of classification. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated by comparing its result with earlier methods.
Well-being in patients with breast cancer and healthy women: The role of expected and actual support for personal projects
Authors: Csuka Sára Imola , Désfalvi Judit , Thege Barna Konkolÿ , Sallay Viola , Martos Tamás 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
For breast cancer patients, the partner’s support for personal projects can serve as a means of adaptation. We aimed to investigate the associations between the intimate partner’s personal project support and women’s well-being.
Methods
A sample of 274 Hungarian women (breast cancer patients n = 137, control = 137) took part in the study. Expected and actually received autonomy-, and directive- and emotional project support was assessed by the procedure of Personal Project Assessment. Well-being was measured by the Relationship Assessment Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. For investigating the associations between project support and well-being in a multivariate way, structural equation modelling was used.
Results
Except for autonomy support, participants expected more support than they received. A path model indicated multiple associations between types of project support and relationship satisfaction and self-esteem. The partner’s emotional project support was predictive of women’s relationship satisfaction and self-esteem, while directive support was predictive of self-esteem. The associations showed similar patterns in the subgroups of patients with breast cancer and control.
Conclusions
Our results highlight the importance of involving women’s subjective perspectives regarding the partner’s project support and have important practical implications for rehabilitation interventions.
Utilization of different radionuclides for high-energy extended efficiency calibration of HPGe for improved determination of calcium and sulfur using k0-INAA
Authors: Soliman Mohamed Ali , Mindil Ahmed , Takamiya Koichi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The present study reports on the performance of three reactor-produced radionuclides (24Na, 56Mn, and 72Ga) and one accelerator-produced radionuclide (56Co) for extending the full energy peak efficiency calibration of a coaxial HPGe detector up to ~3100 keV at different detector to source distance. The differences in the efficiency curves obtained with and without the use of high-energy gamma emitters radionuclides have a considerable impact on the accuracy of Na, Ca, and S determination by the k0-INAA as evidenced by analysis results of reference materials. The results revealed that the use of 24Na is the most suitable radionuclide for high-energy efficiency calibration due to its reasonable availability, low production cost, simple decay scheme, and well-defined decay properties.
The Mechanism and Performance of Rock Breakage by Undercutting Disc Cutter with Advanced Slotting
Authors: Jiang Hongxiang , Zhang Xiaodi , Zhao Huihe , Liu Zenghui , Wang Yongxin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To study the mechanism and performance of rock breakage by an undercutting disc cutter with advanced slotting, a three-dimensional numerical model of rock cutting by a disc cutter with advanced slotting assistance was established based on the discrete element method. The parallel bond constitutive model was selected to describe the micromechanical properties of rock. The correctness of the established numerical model is verified through rock breakage experiments, and the rock cutting process by the disc cutter was analyzed by a combination of the force chain and crack distribution. The influencing factors, such as advanced slotting depth, cutting thickness, rock strength, and cutter rotation speed, on rock cutting performance were investigated. The results show that a compact zone is gradually formed between the rock and disc cutter at the beginning, then a large number of microscopic tensile and shear cracks in the compact zone due to micro failure of rock are formed; the subsequent main rock fragment is mainly caused by tensile failure; advanced slotting can reduce the rock bearing capacity and bending resistance, the rock above the advanced slotting fractured easily due to its lower bending resistance, and the volume compact zone is relatively small. When the advanced slotting depth is equal to 12.5 mm, the propulsive force and specific energy consumption of rock cutting by the disc cutter are reduced by 61.6% and 16.5%, respectively. The propulsive force and specific energy consumption increase as the rock strength increases, but they tend to close when the rock strength is greater than 80 MPa, which indicates that advanced slotting assistance is more suitable for hard rock.
N_ResNet: A Real-Time Traffic Light Recognition Network Using Object Detection
Authors: ZENG SHENGKUN , WANG RAN , LI MENGSHAN , GUAN LIXIN 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Traffic light recognition is a critical requirement in autonomous driving. Incorrect recognition of traffic lights may lead to serious traffic accidents. Traditional traffic light recognition methods are categorized into model-based methods, semantic-segmentation-based methods, and object-detection-based methods. Model-based methods are strongly influenced by the lighting and environment. Although semantic-segmentation-based methods can detect traffic lights well, their time cost is high. Object-detection-based methods can satisfy the requirements of real-time traffic light recognition in terms of performance and time. This study proposes a real-time traffic light recognition algorithm that first extracts traffic lights from images using the YOLOv5s object detection algorithm based on the N_ResNet network and then classifies the state of the extracted traffic light images using the SVM classifier. To address the inconsistent size of traffic lights in real scenes and the large number of medium-size traffic lights, this study proposes a new network structure called N_ResNet. N_ResNet can effectively detect traffic lights of different sizes, especially those of medium size. It is similar to the three-layer ResNet network structure; the main difference is that the size of the convolutional kernel of the first convolutional layer is 3. We apply N_ResNet to the YOLOv5s object detection algorithm for traffic light detection. The results show that the proposed network achieves a significant improvement in the recall compared to DarkNet. The overall recall is improved by 2.66%, including 0.47% for traffic lights in the daytime and 11.32% for traffic lights in the nighttime. In addition, the accuracy of the SVM classifier reaches 92.2%.
Functional Analysis of Reproductive Hormone Profile Estimation, Semen Parameters and Y Chromosome Microdeletion in Male Infertility
Authors: Nacarkahya Gulper , Horozoglu Cem , Koroglu Pınar , Baturu Muharrem , Ozturk Mehmet 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Pattern and Outcome of Abdominal Injury Patients Admitted in AaBET Hosital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2020/2021
Authors: Muche Matebe , Kebede Sofia , Michael Mebrat , Andualem Habtamu , Dessie Zelalem 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

Abdominal trauma is a major public health problem for all nations and all socioeconomic strata and associated with high morbidity and mortality in the world. Abdominal injury is classified as blunt and penetrating trauma. The main problems for inadequate treatment outcome are misdiagnosis and delayed arrival of patients to health institutions.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the pattern and outcome of abdominal trauma in AaBET hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from March 2021 to April 2021. Method: Institutional based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted among abdominal trauma patients admitted in AaBET hospital emergency department from January 2018 to January 2021. Data was collected using a pre-tested structured checklist from patient`s chart review. The data was checked for its’ completeness and entered into Epi data version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 25 software for analysis. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to describe frequency distribution and associations between independent variables respectively.

Result

Penetrating abdominal injury 58.9% was the greatest proportion of mechanism of abdominal injury. Stab injury 40(55.56%) was the major cause of penetrating injury. Road traffic accident 24(47.1%) was the commonest cause of blunt abdominal trauma. Bowel 41(62.1%) was the highly injured hollow viscous organ in penetrating abdominal trauma and liver 7(38.9%) was the commonest injured solid organ in blunt abdominal trauma.

Conclusion

Among 124 abdominally injured patient 10(8.1%) died. GCS < 9, post-operative hemodynamic complication, past medical history of illness and bowel evisceration were significantly associated with mortality.
Bilinear Bäcklund transformations, lump solutions and interaction solutions for (4+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient Fokas equation
Authors: Yang Huizhang , He Bin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
After introducing an auxiliary variable, the (4+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient Fokas (4D vc-Fokas) equation is rewritten and its bilinear form is constructed by using the Bell polynomial. Based on the bilinear form, the bilinear Bäcklund transformation is obtained and some solitary wave solutions are derived. In addition, some new lump solutions and interaction solutions are given and the special solutions influenced by the parameter choice are analyzed.
Mathematics Subject Classification 35Q51 · 35Q53 · 68W30
Audio forgery detection and localization with super resolution spectrogram and keypoint based clustering approach
Authors: Ustubioglu Beste , Tahaoglu Gul , Ulutas Guzin , Ustubioglu Arda , Kilic Muhammed 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Malicious individuals can modify speech recordings with advanced audio editing software to create forged audio. The most common forgery method, known as audio copy-move forgery, involves copying part of the audio to duplicate or delete a segment. Considering the fact that the speech recording is used as evidence in court, it is of great importance to detect whether the voice recordings are forged or not. To this end, we present an effective and robust method based on BRIEF and OPTICS to detect and locate audio copy-move forgeries. The proposed method uses super-resolution spectrogram images of the input audio to detect forged parts in suspicious audio recordings. For this purpose, key points and their feature descriptors are first extracted from the spectrogram image using the BRIEF method. The Ordering Points To Identify the Clustering Structure method (OPTICS) is used by the approach to match the corresponding descriptors. The proposed approach to eliminate false matches evaluates the correctness of the matches. The method also marks the corresponding forged segments in the audio file based on the location of the keypoints in these clusters. The performance results show that the proposed method has significantly high robustness to post-processing attacks such as noise addition, filtering, and especially compression, as reported in the literature.
Dual photo-enhanced interpenetrating network hydrogel with biophysical and biochemical signals for infected bone defect healing
Authors: Jian Guangyu , Li Dize , Ying Qiwei , Chen Xu , Zhai Qiming , Wang Si , Mei Li , Cannon Richard D. , Ji Ping , Wang Huanan , Chen Tao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The healing of infected bone defects (IBD) is a complex physiological process involving a series of spatially and temporally overlapping events, including pathogen clearance, immunological modulation, vascularization and osteogenesis. Based on the theory that bone healing is regulated by both biochemical and biophysical signals, in this study, we developed a copper doped bioglass (CuBGs)/methacryloyl-modified gelatin nanoparticle (MA-GNPs)/methacrylated silk fibroin (SilMA) hybrid hydrogel to promote IBD healing. This hybrid hydrogel demonstrated a dual-photocrosslinked interpenetrating network mechanism, wherein the photocrosslinked SilMA as the main network ensured structural integrity, and the photocrosslinked MA-GNPs colloidal network increased strength and dissipated loading forces. In an IBD model, the hydrogel exhibited excellent biophysical characteristics, such as adhesion, adaptation to irregular defect shapes, and in situ physical reinforcement. At the same time, by sequentially releasing biological biomimetic signals such as Cu2+, Ca2+, and Si2+ ions from CuBGs on demand, the hydrogel spatiotemporally coordinated antibacterial, immunomodulatory and bone remodeling events, efficiently removing infection and accelerating bone repair without the use of antibiotics or exogenous recombinant proteins. Therefore, the hybrid hydrogel can be used as a simple and effective method for the treatment of IBD.
Bibliometric and visual analysis of diabetes and pyroptosis from 2011 to 2022
Authors: Xiaodong Li , Xiaojuan Su , Mingchao Xu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective: To visualize and analyze the published literature on diabetes and pyroptosis based on a bibliometric approach, so as to provide a comprehensive picture of the hot research directions and dynamic progress in this field.
Methods: This study was based on the web of science core collection database to conduct a comprehensive search of the published literature in the field of diabetes and Pyroptosis from January 1985 to August 2022, including the published research literature in this field, as well as a visual analysis of the number of citations, year of publication, journal, author, research institution, country, and research topic.
Results: A total of 139 literature on research related to diabetes and cellular scorch from 2011 to 2022 were retrieved, with a total of 3009 citations and a maximum of 255 citations for a single article, which had a first authorSchmid-Burgk, JLThe first author of this article is from Germany; among 20 publishing countries, China leads with 100 articles; among 222 publishing institutions, Harbin Medical University leads with 18 articles and 184 citations; among 980 authors, Chen, X from China tops the list of high-impact authors with 5 articles and 29 citations; Among the 98 journals, "CELL DEATH DISEASE" ranked first in both volume and high impact journals with 4 articles and 29 citations; among 349 keywords, "pyroptosis" ranked first with a cumulative frequency of 65 times. The cluster analysis was divided into three categories, chronic complications of diabetes and pyroptosis (67 articles), diabetes and pyroptosis (60 articles), and diabetes combined with other diseases and pyroptosis (12 articles), and the number of articles related to diabetes and its chronic complications increased rapidly from 2019, among which, diabetic cardiomyopathy (27 articles) had the highest number of articles.
Conclusions: Based on a comprehensive analysis of published literature in the field of diabetes and pyroptosis from 2011-2022, this study achieved a visual analysis of studies with significant and outstanding contributions to the field, thus framing a picture showing the development and changes in the field. At the same time, this study provides research information and direction for clinicians and investigators to conduct diabetes and pyroptosis related research in the future.
Investigation of differences in susceptibility of Campylobacter jejuni strains to UV light-emitting diode (UV-LED) technology
Authors: Soro Arturo B. , Ekhlas Daniel , Marmion Maitiú , Scannell Amalia G. M. , Whyte Paul , Bolton Declan J. , Burgess Catherine M. , Tiwari Brijesh K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni remains a high priority in public health worldwide. Ultraviolet light emitting-diode technology (UV-LED) is currently being explored to reduce Campylobacter levels in foods. However, challenges such as differences in intra-species and intra-strain susceptibilities, effects of repeated UV-treatments on the bacterial genome and the potential to promote antimicrobial cross-protection or induce biofilm formation have arisen. We investigated the susceptibility of eight C. jejuni clinical and farm isolates to UV-LED exposure. UV light at 280 nm induced different inactivation kinetics among strains, of which three showed reductions greater than 1.62 log CFU/mL, while one strain was particularly resistant to UV light with a maximum reduction of 0.39 log CFU/mL. However, inactivation was reduced by 0.46–1.03 log CFU/mL in these three strains and increased to 1.20 log CFU/mL in the resistant isolate after two repeated-UV cycles. Genomic changes related to UV light exposure in were analysed using WGS. C. jejuni strains with altered phenotypic responses following UV exposure were also found to have changes in biofilm formation and susceptibility to ethanol and surface cleaners.
Harmonic maps on weighted foliations
Authors: Fu Xueshan , Qian Jinhua , Jung Seoung Dal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
On foliations, there are two kinds of harmonic maps, that is, transversallyharmonic map and (F,F')-harmonic map which are equivalent when the foliation is minimal. In this paper, we study transversally ƒ-harmonic and (F,F')ƒ-harmonic maps on weightedfoliations. Moreover, we investigate the relations between transversal stress energy tensorsand tranversally ƒ-harmonic maps.
Cyclopeptide self-assembly simulated epidemic sequential and synchronous complexity
Authors: Xia Zhenfang , Wang Yong , Wang Qi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Epidemic growth curve was one of the epidemiological characteristics, which included sequential and synchronous and their complexity. Decoding the sequential and synchronous complexities of epidemic outbreaks will help guide the scientific response to the epidemic. Here, the complexities of epidemic sequential and synchronous were simulated from the perspective and method of cyclopeptide self-assembly, and the process of cyclopeptide self-assembly was observed by molecular fluorescence and morphological changes, reflecting the characteristics of the epidemic changes. The results showed that the cyclopeptide, namely cyclo(FWWYYF), self-assembly process took different forms under different concentrations and solvents. At lower concentrations, cyclopeptide molecules simulated the complexity of epidemic sequential and synchronous, while at higher concentrations, cyclopeptide molecules self-assembly also behaves as a non-sequential and non-synchronous composite multimodal model. These results indicated that the complexity of the epidemic outbreaks was not only the complexity of sequential and synchronous, but also the emergence of non-sequential and non-synchronous complex multimodal models. Molecular simulations elucidated why the global pandemic required global solidarity and synchronization.