bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Certifying Classification by Linearized Deep Assignment
Authors: Boll Bastian , Zeilmann Alexander , Petra Stefania , Schnörr Christoph 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe propose a novel class of deep stochastic predictors for classifying metric data on graphs within the PAC‐Bayes risk certification paradigm. Classifiers are realized as linearly parametrized deep assignment flows with random initial conditions. Building on the recent PAC‐Bayes literature and data‐dependent priors, this approach enables (i) to use risk bounds as training objectives for learning posterior distributions on the hypothesis space and (ii) to compute tight out‐of‐sample risk certificates of randomized classifiers more efficiently than related work. Comparison with empirical test set errors illustrates the performance and practicality of this self‐certifying classification method.
Emission characteristics of turbulent premixed propane/air/carbon dioxide and propane/air/ammonia swirl flames through a rich‐lean combustor
Authors: Hemaizia Abdelkader , Thévenin Dominique , Bentebbiche Abdelhalim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study is dedicated to understanding the combustion characteristics of turbulent premixed C3H8‐Air‐CO2 and C3H8‐Air‐NH3 swirl flames in a rich‐lean combustor at atmospheric pressure. In this study, the emission characteristics of both flames were obtained through two‐dimensional numerical simulations based on the RANS approach with Realizable k‐ϵ turbulence model for turbulence closure, and the P1 radiation model for the flame radiation inside the combustor. The turbulence‐chemistry interaction was modeled using the Finite‐Rate Eddy Dissipation Model (FR/EDM) model with a reduced reaction mechanism (Jones‐Lindstedt). The study was conducted for five volumetric fractions of CO2 or NH3, XCO2/NH3 = 0,4%, 8%, 12%, 16%, two swirl numbers (Sn = 0.6 and 1.05), and four equivalence ratios, ϕ = 0.4 (with dilution), 0.5, 0.8, and 1. The results show that the addition of NH3 to C3H8‐Air flames promotes the production of CO, whereas the minimum NOx emission (0.14 ppm) was obtained for a dilution rate of 16% at ϕ = 0.8 and Sn = 0.6 corresponding to an outlet temperature of Tout = 1652 K.
Flux enhancement of cellulose nitrate membrane through plasma assisted route for waste and mud water treatment
Authors: Hazarika Tonmoi , Das Prince , Jose Jefin , Kakati Bharat , Pal Dipankar , Saikia Rimlee , Mahanta Manoj Kumar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFouling of polymeric membranes is a common problem due to its hydrophobic nature. Plasma assisted surface modification of polymeric membranes are immensely popular method in particular for the improvement of antifouling and adhesive properties. The effect of low‐pressure nitrogen plasma on surface morphology, hydrophilicity, structure, permeate flux and ageing effect for the cellulose nitrate polymer membrane are studied in the present work. The cylindrical Langmuir probe and optical emission spectroscopy are used to characterize the plasma. The macro void creation and pore enlargement effects have been observed from scanning electron microscopy images due to the surface etching of the membrane after plasma treatment. The atomic force microscopy analysis shows a prominent enhancement of the surface roughness of the plasma treated membrane. Wettability of membrane is studied as a function of plasma treatment time for treated and untreated membrane. From the contact angle measurement, it is found that the hydrophilicity of the plasma treated membranes increases with plasma treatment time. From gravity filtration process, the enhancement of permeate flux for both waste water and mud water are observed after plasma treatment. The ageing mechanism of the treated membranes is investigated for 30 days for different plasma treatment time. The hydrophobic recovery of plasma treated membranes is significant for initial ageing period of 7 days, after that it has shown almost stable in nature. A theoretical model is developed to study the hydrophilic recovery of plasma treated membranes. It is observed that the experimental results show a very good agreement with the theoretical results.
Pediatric gray zone lymphoma according to the 2022 WHO classification: An Italian cohort study
Authors: Restivo Giulia Angela , Farruggia Piero , Pillon Marta , Mascarin Maurizio , Elia Caterina , Recupero Santina , Muggeo Paola , Cagnazzo Celeste , Onofrillo Daniela , Mura Rosamaria , Furfari Ilaria , Trizzino Angela , Bertolini Patrizia , Sala Alessandra , De Santis Raffaela , Galimberti Daniela , Schiavello Elisabetta , Carraro Elisa ,   Emanuele Stefano Giovanni D'Amore
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe 2022 World Health Organization (WHO) classification redefines the concept of gray zone lymphoma (GZL), restricting it in practice to cases of mediastinal/thymic origin (mediastinal gray zone lymphoma, MGZL) with overlapping features between primary mediastinal B‐cell lymphoma (PMBCL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL). Cases with histological characteristics of GZL but occurring without mediastinal involvement are better classified as diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL NOS), with few exceptions.ProcedureWe collected clinical and pathological data about all Italian pediatric patients diagnosed with GZL over a 20‐year period.ResultsWe identified only four cases of bona fide MGZL. All patients were adolescent and presented with a mediastinal disease, always associated with other nodal involvement. B symptoms and increased levels of both erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were observed. Only two patients achieved a first complete remission, suggesting a more aggressive clinical behavior than either PMBCL or CHL.ConclusionProspective studies evaluating prognostic factors and establishing the most effective first‐line therapy for MGZL are highly needed.
Striving for the United Nations (UN) sustainable development goals (SDGs) in BRICS economies: The role of green finance, fintech, and natural resource rent
Authors: Udeagha Maxwell Chukwudi , Muchapondwa Edwin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn terms of policy, the BRICS region has prioritized achieving environmental sustainability. Environmental problems are mostly caused by the area's continuous reliance on fossil fuels to meet its energy requirements. It is also challenging to significantly reduce the region's reliance on fossil fuels because historically, the region has been a big importer of fossil fuels. As a result, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission rates of the BRICS countries have been rising over time. Furthermore, the area has enormous untapped reserves of renewable energy sources that can be exploited to produce electricity without negatively impacting the ecosystem. In light of this, this research analyses, while controlling for energy innovation, economic growth, and natural resource rent, the combined effects of green finance (GFN) and financial technology (fintech) in reaching the region's carbon neutrality goals from 1990 to 2020. The findings for the BRICS economies, which are consistent with the EKC theory, imply that environmental sustainability is promoted by GFN, fintech, and energy innovation (ENI). NRR (natural resource rent) and GDP (economic growth) compromise environmental quality, nevertheless. It has also been demonstrated that there is a two‐way causal relationship between CO2 emissions and GFN, fintech, and NRR. However, it has been demonstrated that GDP and ENI have a one‐way causal relationship with CO2 emissions. It is recommended that the BRICS nations speed up the development of green financial products and increase the capacity of banks and financial institutions to offer green credit facilities based on the empirical findings. The basic study of how green finance solutions might be used while lowering the related risks should receive more funding.
Substrate Morphology Directs (001) Sb2Se3 Thin Film Growth by Crystallographic Orientation Filtering
Authors: Otavio Mendes Joao , Merenda Andrea , Wilson Karen , Fraser Lee Adam , Della Gaspera Enrico , van Embden Joel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAntimony chalcogenide, Sb2X3 (X = S, Se), applications greatly benefit from efficient charge transport along covalently bonded (001) oriented (Sb4X6)n ribbons, making thin film orientation control highly desirable – although particularly hard to achieve experimentally. Here, it is shown for the first time that substrate nanostructure plays a key role in driving the growth of (001) oriented antimony chalcogenide thin films. Vapor Transport Deposition of Sb2Se3 thin films is conducted on ZnO substrates whose morphology is tuned between highly nanostructured and flat. The extent of Sb2Se3 (001) orientation is directly correlated to the degree of substrate nanostructure. These data showcase that nanostructuring a substrate is an effective tool to control the orientation and morphology of Sb2Se3 films. The optimized samples demonstrate high (001) crystallographic orientation. A growth mechanism for these films is proposed, wherein the substrate physically restricts the development of undesirable crystallographic orientations. It is shown that the surface chemistry of the nanostructured substrates can be altered and still drive the growth of (001) Sb2Se3 thin films – not limiting this phenomenon to a particular substrate type. Insights from this work are expected to guide the rational design of Sb2X3 thin film devices and other low‐dimensional crystal‐structured materials wherein performance is intrinsically linked to morphology and orientation.
Tailoring the Nanoporosity and Photoactivity of Metal–Organic Frameworks With Rigid Dye Modulators for Toluene Purification
Authors: Jin Jie , Wan Shipeng , Lee SunJe , Oh Cheoulwoo , Jang Gyu Yong , Zhang Kan , Lu Ziyang , Park Jong Hyeok 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFacile synthesis of hierarchically porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with adjustable porosity and high crystallinity attracts great attention yet remains challenging. Herein, a micromolar amount of dye‐based modulator (Rhodamine B (RhB)) is employed to easily and controllably tailor the pore size of a Ti‐based metal–organic framework (MIL‐125‐NH2). The RhB used in this method is easily removed by washing or photodegradation, avoiding secondary posttreatment. It is demonstrated that the carboxyl functional group and the steric effects of RhB are indispensable for enlarging the pore size of the MIL‐125‐NH2. The resulting hierarchically porous MIL‐125‐NH2 (RH‐MIL‐125‐NH2) exhibits optimized adsorption and photocatalytic activity because the newly formed mesopore with defects concurrently facilitates mass transport of guest molecules (toluene) and photogenerated charge separation. This work offers a meaningful basis for the construction of hierarchically porous MOFs and demonstrates the superiority of the hierarchical pore structure for adsorption and heterogeneous catalysis.
Zinc Vacancy Promotes Photo‐Reforming Lignin Model to H2 Evolution and Value‐Added Chemicals Production
Authors: Wu Weidong , Luo Zhicheng , Liu Bowen , Qiu Xueqing , Lin Jinxin , Sun Shirong , Wang Xiaofei , Lin Xuliang , Qin Yanlin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLignin, rich in β‐O‐4 bonds and aromatic structure, is a renewable and potential resource for value‐added chemicals and promoting H2 evolution. However, direct photo‐reforming lignin remains a huge challenge due to its recalcitrant structure. Herein, a collaborative strategy is proposed by dispersing Pt on zinc‐vacancy‐riched ZnIn2S4 (Pt/VZn‐ZIS) for revealing the effect of lignin structure during photo‐reforming process with lignin models. And a series of theoretical calculations and experimental results show that lignin model substances with more nucleophilic group structures will have a stronger tendency to occur the photo‐reforming reactions. In addition, benefiting of Pt‐S electronic channel is formed by occupying Pt atom onto zinc vacancies in ZnIn2S4, which can effectively reduce the energy barrier of H2 evolution and accompany the selective oxidation of lignin model from Cα‐OH to Cα = O under simulated sunlight. The natural lignin is used to further demonstrate this selective oxidation mechanism. The presented work demonstrates the photo‐reforming lignin model mechanism and the influence of lignin‐structure during the process of photo‐reforming.
Research on disturbing white‐box cryptography algorithm based on local differential privacy
Authors: Luo Wenjun , Lai Die , Dai Zesen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhite‐box cryptography protects the secret key extraction from software implementations of cryptographic primitives. The principle is to white‐box the key by using obfuscation and hide the key in the whole encryption process to ensure that the key cannot be traced and extracted. The idea of adding internal perturbed terms and additional random equations is given by Bringer et al. to implement white‐box encryption, which has been attacked due to the defect in structure. In this paper, we propose a new secure white‐box encryption method by combining the random perturbation mechanism of local differential privacy protection and adding internal interference term, which can protect the privacy of the intermediate secret key more securely. The further disrupted cipher can also obtain the correct result by voting without increasing the number of parallel systems, and also gives the practical white‐box representation to AEw/oS. Compared with the white‐box implementation proposed by Bringer et al., the memory space of the new white‐box scheme will be 44 bytes more, but in terms of security, it can resist traditional attacks and Mulder's attacks.
Aero‐servo‐elastic co‐optimization of large wind turbine blades with distributed aerodynamic control devices
Authors: Abbas Nikhar J. , Bortolotti Pietro , Kelley Christopher , Paquette Joshua , Pao Lucy , Johnson Nick 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work introduces automated wind turbine optimization techniques based on full aero‐servo‐elastic models and investigates the potential of trailing edge flaps to reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of wind turbines. The Wind Energy with Integrated Servo‐control (WEIS) framework is improved to conduct the presented research. Novel methods for the generic implementation and tuning of trailing edge flap devices and their controller are also introduced. Primary flap and controller parameters are optimized to demonstrate potential maximum blade tip deflection reductions of 21%. Concurrent design optimization (i.e., co‐design) of a novel segmented wind turbine blade with trailing edge flaps and its controller is then conducted to demonstrate blade cost savings of 5%. Additionally, rotor diameter co‐design optimization is demonstrated to reduce the LCOE by 1.3% without significant load increases to the tower. These results demonstrate the efficacy of control co‐design optimization using trailing edge flaps, and the entirety of this work provides a foundation for numerous control co‐design‐oriented studies for distributed aerodynamic control devices.
Investigating local coordination and electronic nature of Cu centers in the copper complexes having aspartic and glutamic acids
Authors: Hinge V. K. , Bairagi M. , Yadav N. , Joshi S. K. , Shrivastava B. D. , Jha S. N. , Bhattacharya D. , Gaur A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractX‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) at the Cu K‐edge in copper complexes of L‐aspartic acid (asp) and L‐glutamic acid (glu), namely, [Cu(L‐asp)(H2O)].H2O (1) and [Cu(L‐glu)(H2O)].H2O (2) have been investigated using synchrotron radiation. Though, the crystal structure of both of the complexes 1 and 2 have been studied earlier using x‐ray crystallography, it was considered worthwhile to study the coordination geometry and electronic nature of Cu metal center using XAFS. EXAFS analysis indicated that Cu has distorted tetragonal pyramidal and distorted octahedral coordination in complexes, respectively. The XANES spectra have been simulated for the Cu center in the complexes and compared with the experimental XANES spectra. Further, p‐DOS and d‐DOS calculated simultaneously for absorbing Cu metal center have been correlated with the features and shape of the simulated XANES spectra as well as the experimental spectra.
Krylov complexity in free and interacting scalar field theories with bounded power spectrum
Authors: Camargo Hugo A. , Jahnke Viktor , Kim Keun-Young , Nishida Mitsuhiro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study a notion of operator growth known as Krylov complexity in free and interacting massive scalar quantum field theories in d-dimensions at finite temperature. We consider the effects of mass, one-loop self-energy due to perturbative interactions, and finite ultraviolet cutoffs in continuous momentum space. These deformations change the behavior of Lanczos coefficients and Krylov complexity and induce effects such as the “staggering” of the former into two families, a decrease in the exponential growth rate of the latter, and transitions in their asymptotic behavior. We also discuss the relation between the existence of a mass gap and the property of staggering, and the relation between our ultraviolet cutoffs in continuous theories and lattice theories.
The S-matrix of 2D type 0B string theory. Part I. Perturbation theory revisited
Authors: Balthazar Bruno , Rodriguez Victor A. , Yin Xi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study the perturbative S-matrix of closed strings in the two-dimensional type 0B string theory from the worldsheet perspective, by directly integrating correlation functions of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 Liouville theory. The latter is computed numerically using recurrence relations for super-Virasoro conformal blocks. We show that the tree level 3- and 4-point amplitudes are in agreement with the proposed dual matrix quantum mechanics. The non-perturbative aspects of the duality will be analyzed in a companion paper.
Topological gauging and double current deformations
Authors: Dubovsky Sergei , Negro Stefano , Porrati Massimo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study solvable deformations of two-dimensional quantum field theories driven by a bilinear operator constructed from a pair of conserved U(1) currents Ja. We propose a quantum formulation of these deformations, based on the gauging of the corresponding symmetries in a path integral. This formalism leads to an exact dressing of the S-matrix of the system, similarly as what happens in the case of a $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$
T

T
¯

deformation. For conformal theories the deformations under study are expected to be exactly marginal. Still, a peculiar situation might arise when the conserved currents Ja are not well-defined local operators in the original theory. A simple example of this kind of system is provided by rotation currents in a theory of multiple free, massless, non-compact bosons. We verify that, somewhat unexpectedly, such a theory is indeed still conformal after deformation and that it coincides with a TsT transformation of the original system. We then extend our formalism to the case in which the conserved currents are non-Abelian and point out its connection with Deformed T-dual Models and homogeneous Yang-Baxter deformations. In this case as well the deformation is based on a gauging of the symmetries involved and it turns out to be non-trivial only if the symmetry group admits a non-trivial central extension. Finally we apply what we learned by relating the $$ \textrm{T}\overline{\textrm{T}} $$
T

T
¯

deformation to the central extension of the two-dimensional Poincaré algebra.
Das One-Health-Konzept im Kontext globaler Warenketten, Krisen und der Sicherheit von Lebens- und Futtermitteln
Authors: Mader Anneluise , Riede Oliver , Pabel Ulrike , Dietrich Jessica , Sommerkorn Katharina , Pieper Robert 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie ganzheitliche Betrachtung der Lebens- und Futtermittelsicherheit unter Einbeziehung der Tiergesundheit und der Umweltbedingungen ist eine wichtige Säule des One-Health-Ansatzes. Die Begrifflichkeit geht damit deutlich über die häufig darunter verstandene Vermeidung der Verbreitung von übertragbaren mikrobiologischen Krankheiten hinaus und verdeutlicht, dass Mensch, Tiere und Umwelt sowie ihre Interaktionen in einem transdisziplinären Kontext betrachtet werden sollten.In dem vorliegenden Diskussionsbeitrag zum One-Health-Ansatz liegt der Fokus weniger auf mikrobiologischen Risiken, sondern es wird insbesondere der Zusammenhang zu chemischen Risiken in der Nahrungskette hergestellt. Dieser wird an konkreten Beispielen chemischer Kontaminanten (Metalle, persistente organische Kontaminanten und natürliche Toxine) verdeutlicht und die Mechanismen von Eintrag und Weitergabe entlang der Nahrungsketten werden vorgestellt.Die Minimierung des Vorkommens chemischer Kontaminanten und somit der Exposition erfordert internationale und interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit. Klimawandel, Pandemien, Rohstoffknappheit, Energiemangel, politische Krisen und Umweltkatastrophen können die gesamte Kette der Primärproduktion pflanzlicher und tierischer Lebensmittel sowie die Weiterverarbeitung und Bereitstellung der Produkte für Verbraucherinnen und Verbraucher beeinträchtigen. Neben der sich verändernden Verfügbarkeit kann dies auch einen Einfluss auf die Zusammensetzung, Qualität und Sicherheit der Lebens- und Futtermittel haben. Anhand der Effekte auf globalen Warenketten werden vulnerable und resiliente Bereiche sichtbar. Im Sinne des One-Health-Ansatzes gilt es, die Sicherheit und Resilienz entlang der Nahrungskette zu erhöhen und deren Vulnerabilität zu minimieren.
Langzeitauswertung der Low-dose-rate(LDR)-Brachytherapie des lokal begrenzten Prostatakarzinoms
Authors: Carl N. , Rassweiler J. , Andreas J. , Carl S. 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Im Zuge von technischen Innovationen, d. h. Verbesserung der Seed-Qualität, der Implantationsmethode und der Bestrahlungsplanung, konnten sich die Behandlungsergebnisse der Brachytherapie stetig verbessern. Randomisierte Kontrollstudien haben gezeigt, dass beim Niedrig-Risiko-Prostatakarzinom kein Unterschied im biochemischen rezidivfreien Überleben (bRFS) zwischen radikaler Prostatektomie und Low-dose-rate(LDR)-Brachytherapie besteht. Ziel dieser Auswertung war die onkologische Wirksamkeit der LDR-Brachytherapie bei Patienten mit lokal begrenzten Prostatakarzinomen.

Studiendesign und Untersuchungsmethoden
Eine retrospektive multizentrische Analyse wurde an 618 Patienten, die zwischen 2004 und 2019 in zwei Zentren in Deutschland mit einer LDR-Brachytherapie-Monotherapie behandelt wurden, durchgeführt. Die Therapie wurde mit Jod125-Seeds durchgeführt. Postinterventionell wurden nach 3, 6, 12 Monaten und anschließend jährlich Bestimmungen des prostataspezifischen Antigens (PSA) durchgeführt. Primärer Endpunkt war das bRFS. Die Kaplan-Meier-Methode wurde genutzt und ein biochemisches Rezidiv wurde definiert als der PSA-Anstieg um ≥ 2 ng/ml nach zuvor gemessenem Nadir (Phoenix-Definition).

Ergebnisse
Die mediane Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug 52 (3–180) Monate, das bRFS betrug 87,87 % für die Gesamtkohorte. Besseres bRFS wurde bei Patienten mit Gleason Score (GS) ≤ 7a beobachtet (p < 0,0001). Es bestand kein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen GS 6 und 7a. D’Amico-Risikogruppe, initialer PSA-Wert sowie der Anteil karzinompositiver Stanzbiopsien hatten einen signifikanten Einfluss auf bRFS (p-Wert < 0,0001; < 0,0001 und 0,0005). Prostatavolumen und ein- oder beidseitiger Befall der Prostata hatten keinen signifikanten Einfluss auf bRFS (p-Wert = 0,86 und 0,28).

Schlussfolgerung
Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen eine gute onkologische Wirksamkeit der LDR-Brachytherapie bei Patienten mit einem GS 6 und 7a.