bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
τ±νγγ and

to probe the fermiophobic Higgs boson with high cutoff scales
Authors: Kim Jinheung , Lee Soojin , Sanyal Prasenjit , Song Jeonghyeon , Wang Daohan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The light fermiophobic Higgs boson hf in the type-I two-Higgs-doublet model can evade the current search programs at the LHC since its production through the quark-antiquark annihilation and gluon fusion is not feasible. The particle can be more elusive if the model retains stability up to the Planck scale because the efficient discovery channels are missing from the existing search chart. Through the comprehensive scanning, we show that all the viable parameter points with the Planck cutoff scale require $$ {m}_{h_f}\in $$

m

h
f

∈
[80, 120] GeV and $$ {M}_{A/{H}^{\pm }}\in $$

M

A
/

H
±

∈
[90, 150] GeV. Since hfhf→ γγW+W− and H±→ τ±ν/hfW± are dominant in this case, two final states are more efficient to probe hf than the conventional search mode of 4γ + W±/Z. One is τ±νγγ from pp → H±(→ τ±ν)hf(→ γγ) and the other is "Image missing" (ℓ± = e±, μ±) from pp → H±(→ hfW±)hf→ γγW+W−W±, pp → H±(→ hfW±)A(→ hfZ) → γγW+W−W±Z, and pp → H+(→ hfW+)H−(→ hfW−) → γγW+W−W+W−. The inclusive "Image missing" consists of a same-sign dilepton, two prompt photons, and missing transverse energy. We perform the signal-background analysis at the detector level. With the total integrated luminosity of 300 fb−1 and the 5% background uncertainty, two proposed channels at the 14 TeV LHC yield signal significances above five in the entire viable parameter space of the fermiophobic type-I with a high cutoff scale.
Fixed-bearing is superior to mobile-bearing in lateral unicompartmental knee replacement: a retrospective matched-pairs analysis
Authors: Hariri Mustafa , Zahn Niklas , Mick Paul , Jaber Ayham , Reiner Tobias , Renkawitz Tobias , Innmann Moritz , Walker Tilman 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Due to low incidence of isolated lateral osteoarthritis (OA), there are limited data on whether a fixed-bearing (FB) or a mobile-bearing (MB) design is superior for lateral unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR). The aim of this matched-pairs analysis was to compare both designs in terms of implant survival and clinical outcome.

Methods
Patients who received MB-UKR (Group A) and FB-UKR (Group B) at a single centre were matched according to gender, age at time of surgery and body mass index (BMI). Survivorship analysis was performed with the endpoint set as “revision for any reason”. Clinical outcome was assessed using the Oxford knee score (OKS), visual analogue scale for pain (VAS), patients’ satisfaction, University of California Los Angeles activity scale (UCLA) and the Tegner activity score (TAS).

Results
A total of 60 matched pairs were included with a mean follow-up (FU) of 3.4 ± 1.3 (range 1.2–5.0) years in Group A and 2.7 ± 1.2 (range 1.0–5.0) years in Group B. Survivorship between both groups differed significantly (Group A: 78.7%; Group B: 98.3%, p = 0.003) with bearing dislocation being the most common reason for revision in Group A (46.2%). The relative and absolute risk reduction were 92.2% and 20%, respectively, with 5 being the number needed to treat. There were no differences in OKS (Group A: 41.6 ± 6.5; Group B: 40.4 ± 7.7), VAS (Group A: 2.9 ± 3.2; Group B: 1.6 ± 2.2), UCLA (Group A: 5.7 ± 1.3; Group B: 5.9 ± 1.8) and TAS (Group A: 3.0 ± 1.0; Group B: 3.1 ± 1.2) between both groups on follow-up.

Conclusion
Despite modern prosthesis design and surgical technique, implant survival of lateral MB-UKR is lower than that of FB-UKR on the short- to mid-term due to bearing dislocation as the most common cause of failure. Since clinical results are equivalent in both groups, FB-UKR should be preferred in treatment of isolated lateral OA.

Level of evidence
Retrospective case–control study, Level III.
Influential news and policy-making
Authors: Vaccari Federico 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the implications of interventions that affect the costs of misreporting. I study a model of communication between an uninformed voter and a media outlet that knows the quality of two competing candidates. The alternatives available to the voter are endogenously championed by the two candidates. I show that higher costs may lead to more misreporting and persuasion, whereas low costs result in full revelation. The voter may be better off when less informed because of higher costs. When the media receives policy-independent gains, interventions that increase misreporting costs never directly harm the voter. However, lenient interventions that increase these costs by small amounts can be wasteful of public resources. Regulation produced by politicians leads to suboptimal interventions.
Performance enhancement of PV system using VSG with ANFIS controller
Authors: Osheba Dina S. M. , Osheba S. M. , Nazih Abdallah , Mansour Arafa S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the enormous stress of energy lack and air pollution, renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic sources become an effective solution to solve these problems. The penetration of inertia-less photovoltaic sources into power system has adverse effects on the overall system inertia which threatens system stability. As a solution for this problem, virtual inertia technique can be used as a system controller in order to enhance the system performance and maintain its stability. In this paper, an adaptive virtual synchronous generator (VSG) controller based on the oscillation motion of the synchronous machine is introduced. Then, a proposed VSG with adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is presented as an inverter controller. The system response is investigated and compared with other control methods under different operating scenarios. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed adaptive VSG, an experimental setup is presented with real-time implementation for the system using dSPACE DS1104 interfacing with MATLAB software, and the system response is investigated under different operating scenarios. Upon the presented results, there is an enhancement in the system response when the proposed adaptive VSG with ANFIS controller is used, and this emphasizes the superiority of using such controller in PV systems over other techniques.
A collaborative study of the impact of N-nitrosamines presence and ARB recall on ARB utilization – results from IQVIA™ Disease Analyzer Germany
Authors: Hedenmalm Karin , Quinten Chantal , Kurz Xavier , Bradley Marie , Lee Hana , Eworuke Efe 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Regulators are increasingly concerned with the impact of recalls on drug adherence. In 2018, N-nitrosamines impurities were detected in valsartan containing medical products. Concerned products were immediately recalled in July 2018 by regulatory agencies internationally. In Germany, recalls were issued for valsartan, losartan and irbesartan from July 2018 to March 2019. This study examined angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) utilization trends and switching patterns in Germany before and after July 2018.

Methods
Patients prescribed ARBs from January 2014 to June 2020 in general practices in Germany were included in a collaborative framework common protocol drug utilization study led by the US Food and Drug Administration. Trends in monthly and quarterly proportions of total ARB prescribing were analysed for individual ARBs using descriptive statistics and interrupted time series analysis. The rate of switching to an alternative ARB was analysed before and after the recalls.

Results
The proportion of valsartan prescriptions immediately decreased from 35.9 to 17.8% following the first recalls in July 2018, mirrored by an increased proportion for candesartan. Increased switching from valsartan to candesartan was observed. No increased switching was observed after losartan recalls, whereas for irbesartan, increased switching was observed 6–12 months after the last recall. Increased switching from ARBs to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or ARB treatment discontinuations were not observed.

Conclusion
This study showed that patients were able to continue ARB treatment despite the July 2018–March 2019 recalls, although many patients needed to switch to an alternative ARB. The duration of the impact of ARB recalls appeared to be limited.
Aesthetic Surgery Advice and Counseling from Artificial Intelligence: A Rhinoplasty Consultation with ChatGPT
Authors: Xie Yi , Seth Ishith , Hunter-Smith David J. , Rozen Warren M. , Ross Richard , Lee Matthew 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
ChatGPT is an open-source artificial large language model that uses deep learning to produce human-like text dialogue. This observational study evaluated the ability of ChatGPT to provide informative and accurate responses to a set of hypothetical questions designed to simulate an initial consultation about rhinoplasty.

Methods
Nine questions were prompted to ChatGPT on rhinoplasty. The questions were sourced from a checklist published by the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, and the responses were assessed for accessibility, informativeness, and accuracy by Specialist Plastic Surgeons with extensive experience in rhinoplasty.

Results
ChatGPT was able to provide coherent and easily comprehensible answers to the questions posed, demonstrating its understanding of natural language in a health-specific context. The responses emphasized the importance of an individualized approach, particularly in aesthetic plastic surgery. However, the study also highlighted ChatGPT’s limitations in providing more detailed or personalized advice.

Conclusion
Overall, the results suggest that ChatGPT has the potential to provide valuable information to patients in a medical context, particularly in situations where patients may be hesitant to seek advice from medical professionals or where access to medical advice is limited. However, further research is needed to determine the scope and limitations of AI language models in this domain and to assess the potential benefits and risks associated with their use.

Level of Evidence V
Observational study under respected authorities. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Daratumumab with lenalidomide and dexamethasone in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma patients – real world evidence analysis
Authors: Stork Martin , Spicka Ivan , Radocha Jakub , Minarik Jiri , Jelinek Tomas , Jungova Alexandra , Pavlicek Petr , Pospisilova Lenka , Sedlak Frantisek , Straub Jan , Pika Tomas , Knechtova Zdenka , Fidrichova Anna , Boichuk Ivanna , Sevcikova Sabina , Maisnar Vladimir , Hajek Roman , Pour Ludek 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We performed real world evidence (RWE) analysis of daratumumab, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Dara-Rd) versus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) treatment in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients (RRMM). In total, 240 RRMM patients were treated with Dara-Rd from 2016 to 2022 outside of clinical trials in all major Czech hematology centers. As a reference, 531 RRMM patients treated with Rd were evaluated. Patients’ data were recorded in the Czech Registry of Monoclonal Gammopathies (RMG). Partial response (PR) or better response (ORR) was achieved in significantly more patients in Dara-Rd than in Rd group (91.2% vs. 69.9%; p < 0.001). The median progression free survival (PFS) was 26.9 months in the Dara-Rd and 12.8 months in the Rd group (p < 0.001). Median overall survival (OS) was not reached in the Dara-Rd compared to 27.2 months in the Rd group (p = 0.023). In patients with 1–3 previous treatment lines, there was significant PFS benefit of Dara-Rd compared to Rd (median PFS not reached vs. 13.2 months; p < 0.001). In patients with > 3 previous treatment lines, there was no significant PFS benefit of Dara-Rd treatment (7.8 months vs. 9.9 months; p = 0.874), similarly in patients refractory to PI + IMIDs (11.5 months vs. 9.2 months; p = 0.376). In RWE conditions, the median PFS in RRMM patients treated with Dara-Rd is shorter when compared to clinical trials. In heavily pretreated RRMM patients, efficacy of Dara-Rd treatment is limited; best possible outcomes of Dara-Rd are achieved in minimally pretreated patients.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in the Pediatric Age Group: The Egyptian Experience
Authors: Abdel-Salam Amina , Bassiouni Sherifa Tarek , Goher Alaa Magdi , Shafie Eman Shafik 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a common disease entity among adults; however, it is rare among the pediatric age group. Evidence is scarce regarding pediatric AIHA in the literature. The objective of this study is to assess the frequency of AIHA and describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics and treatment outcomes of a cohort of children with AIHA in Egypt. A retrospective study was conducted on 50 children with AIHA who were registered and followed up at the New Children’s Hospital in Cairo, Egypt, between January 2010 and January 2021. The study group comprised 60% females and 40% males. Their median age was 8.25 years. All patients showed low hemoglobin levels with a mean of 5.40 ± 1.34 g/dl and a median reticulocyte count of 10 (IQR: 8–15). Twelve (24%) patients were diagnosed with Evans syndrome, and a positive Coombs test was detected in 46 patients (92%). The frequency of primary AIHA was 40%, whereas it was 60% for secondary AIHA. The first line of therapy for acute attacks was high-dose IV steroids which responded well in 38 (76%) patients. Secondary AIHA was more common among our children (60%). AIHA is more prevalent in females (60%). The clinical and laboratory characteristics matched previous reports.
Scanning behaviour in ants: an interplay between random-rate processes and oscillators
Authors: Deeti Sudhakar , Cheng Ken , Graham Paul , Wystrach Antoine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAt the start of a journey home or to a foraging site, ants often stop, interrupting their forward movement, turn on the spot a number of times, and fixate in different directions. These scanning bouts are thought to provide visual information for choosing a path to travel. The temporal organization of such scanning bouts has implications about the neural organisation of navigational behaviour. We examined (1) the temporal distribution of the start of such scanning bouts and (2) the dynamics of saccadic body turns and fixations that compose a scanning bout in Australian desert ants, Melophorus bagoti, as they came out of a walled channel onto open field at the start of their homeward journey. Ants were caught when they neared their nest and displaced to different locations to start their journey home again. The observed parameters were mostly similar across familiar and unfamiliar locations. The turning angles of saccadic body turning to the right or left showed some stereotypy, with a peak just under 45°. The direction of such saccades appears to be determined by a slow oscillatory process as described in other insect species. In timing, however, both the distribution of inter-scanning-bout intervals and individual fixation durations showed exponential characteristics, the signature for a random-rate or Poisson process. Neurobiologically, therefore, there must be some process that switches behaviour (starting a scanning bout or ending a fixation) with equal probability at every moment in time. We discuss how chance events in the ant brain that occasionally reach a threshold for triggering such behaviours can generate the results.
Increased mRNA expression of CDKN2A is a transcriptomic marker of clinically aggressive meningiomas
Authors: Wang Justin Z. , Patil Vikas , Liu Jeff , Dogan Helin , Tabatabai Ghazaleh , Yefet Leeor S. , Behling Felix , Hoffman Elgin , Bunda Severa , Yakubov Rebecca , Kaloti Ramneet , Brandner Sebastian , Gao Andrew , Cohen-Gadol Aaron , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill , Skardelly Marco , Tatagiba Marcos , Raleigh David R. , Sahm Felix , Boutros Paul C. , Aldape Kenneth ,   The International Consortium on Meningiomas (ICOM), Nassiri Farshad , Zadeh Gelareh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHomozygous deletion of CDKN2A/B was recently incorporated into the World Health Organization classification for grade 3 meningiomas. While this marker is overall rare in meningiomas, its relationship to other CDKN2A alterations on a transcriptomic, epigenomic, and copy number level has not yet been determined. We therefore utilized multidimensional molecular data of 1577 meningioma samples from 6 independent cohorts enriched for clinically aggressive meningiomas to comprehensively interrogate the spectrum of CDKN2A alterations through DNA methylation, copy number variation, transcriptomics, and proteomics using an integrated molecular approach. Homozygous CDKN2A/B deletions were identified in only 7.1% of cases but were associated with significantly poorer outcomes compared to tumors without these deletions. Heterozygous CDKN2A/B deletions were identified in 2.6% of cases and had similarly poor outcomes as those with homozygous deletions. Among tumors with intact CDKN2A/B (without a homozygous or heterozygous deletion), we found a distinct difference in outcome based on mRNA expression of CDKN2A, with meningiomas that had elevated mRNA expression (CDKN2Ahigh) having a significantly shorter time to recurrence. The expression of CDKN2A was independently prognostic after accounting for copy number loss and consistently increased with WHO grade and more aggressive molecular and methylation groups irrespective of cohort. Despite the discordant and mutually exclusive status of the CDKN2A gene in these groups, both CDKN2Ahigh meningiomas and meningiomas with CDKN2A deletions were enriched for similar cell cycle pathways but at different checkpoints. High mRNA expression of CDKN2A was also associated with gene hypermethylation, Rb-deficiency, and lack of response to CDK inhibition. p16 immunohistochemistry could not reliably differentiate between meningiomas with and without CDKN2A deletions but appeared to correlate better with mRNA expression. These findings support the role of CDKN2A mRNA expression as a biomarker of clinically aggressive meningiomas with potential therapeutic implications.
Postnatal genetic umbilical cord analysis for earliest possible detection of inherited hearing impairment
Authors: Ketterer Manuel Christoph , Birkenhäger Ralf , Beck Rainer , Arndt Susan , Aschendorff Antje , Kunze Mirjam 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The most common sensorineural disorder in humans is hearing impairment and approximately 60% of prelingual hearing disorders are genetic. Especially parents with a congenital deaf child want to know as early as possible whether their second born child has the same genetic defect or not. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that postnatal genetic umbilical cord analysis is both the earliest detection possibility and sufficient.

Methods
We included first born children with severe hearing impairment that underwent cochlear implantation. All included patients were analyzed genetically and exhibited mutations of either DFNB1 loci or SLC26A4 gene. Additionally, the umbilical cord of the sibling underwent genetic analysis to detect hereditary genetic mutations as early as possible.

Results
49 newborn children out of 22 families were included in this study. Genetic analysis revealed clinical relevant mutations in all first born children and in four siblings via umbilical cord analysis. All patients who have been diagnosed with a relevant genetic mutation that caused severe hearing impairment underwent hearing rehabilitation via cochlear implant surgery.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the sufficient and early as possible detection of known genetically hearing disorders via umbilical cord analysis. In case of a known familial genetic hearing disorder, it is advisable to analyze newborn siblings for the corresponding genetic defect as soon as possible, to be able to plan and initiate clinical care for the patient as early as possible. It is also extremely important for the parents to obtain clear information about the auditory status of the newborn.
Minor head trauma in infants — how accurate is cranial ultrasound performed by trained radiologists?
Authors: Peter Claudia , Stranzinger Enno , Heverhagen Johannes T. , Keitel Kristina , Romano Fabrizio , Busch Jasmin D. , Slavova Nedelina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Correct management of infants after minor head trauma is crucial to minimize the risk to miss clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI). Current practices typically involve CT or in-hospital surveillance. Cranial ultrasound (CUS) provides a radiation-free and fast alternative. This study examines the accuracy of radiologist-performed CUS to detect skull fracture (SF) and/or intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). An inconspicuous CUS followed by an uneventful clinical course would allow exclusion of ciTBI with a great certainty. This monocentric, retrospective, observational study analyzed CUS in infants (< 12 months) after minor head trauma at Bern University Children’s Hospital, between 7/2013 and 8/2020. The primary outcome was the sensitivity and specificity of CUS in detecting SF and/or ICH by comparison to the clinical course and to additional neuroimaging. Out of a total of 325 patients, 73% (n = 241) had a normal CUS, 17% (n = 54) were found with SF, and ICH was diagnosed in 2.2% patients (n = 7). Two patients needed neurosurgery and three patients deteriorated clinically during surveillance. Additional imaging was performed in 35 patients. The sensitivity of CUS was 93% ([0.83, 0.97] 95% CI) and the specificity 98% ([0.95, 0.99] 95% CI). All false-negative cases originated in missed SF without clinical deterioration; no ICH was missed. Conclusion: This study shows high accuracy of CUS in exclusion of SF and ICH, which can cause ciTBI. Therefore, CUS offers a reliable method of neuroimaging in infants after minor head trauma and gives reassurance to reduce the duration of in-hospital surveillance.

What is Known:

• Minor head trauma can cause clinically important traumatic brain injury in infants, and the management of these cases is a challenge for the treating physician.

• Cranial ultrasound (CUS) is regularly used in neonatology, but its accuracy after head trauma in infants is controversial.

What is New:

• CUS performed by a trained radiologist can exclude findings related to clinically important traumatic brain injury (ciTBI) with high sensitivity and specificity. It therefore offers reassurance in the management of infants after minor head trauma.
Unintended CRISPR-Cas9 editing outcomes: a review of the detection and prevalence of structural variants generated by gene-editing in human cells
Authors: Hunt John Murray Topp , Samson Christopher Allan , Rand Alex du , Sheppard Hilary M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGenome editing using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) gene-editing system (CRISPR-Cas) is a valuable tool for fundamental and applied research applications. Significant improvements in editing efficacy have advanced genome editing strategies into phase 3 human clinical trials. However, recent studies suggest that our understanding of editing outcomes has lagged behind the developments made in generating the edits themselves. While many researchers have analyzed on- and off-target events through the lens of small insertions or deletions at predicted sites, screens for larger structural variants (SVs) and chromosomal abnormalities are not routinely performed. Full and comprehensive validation of on- and off-target effects is required to ensure reproducibility and to accurately assess the safety of future editing applications. Here we review SVs associated with CRISPR-editing in cells of human origin and highlight the methods used to detect and avoid them.