bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Roads to Success: A Latent Class Analysis on Successful Aging in Hong Kong Near-Centenarians and Centenarians (NCC) Amidst COVID-19
Authors: Shum Eric Ngai-Yin , Lau Bobo Hi-Po , Cheung Karen Siu-Lan , Chan Cecilia Lai-Wan , Siu Joey Chung-Yue , Luk James Ka-Hay , Kwan Joseph Shiu-Kwong , Chan Grace Man‐Yee , Pat Lian Ying-Chun , Martin Peter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:Notwithstanding successful aging being a multidimensional construct, measuring successful aging in adults of advanced age, such as nonagenarians and centenarians, has often been challenging. First, over reliance on physical health criteria could be unrealistic, considering most of these older adults are living with multimorbidity and disability. Second, enumerating the number of criteria fulfilled may not reflect the diversity of how they attain (partial) successful aging through soliciting different resources in their daily lives. Hence, this study investigated the subphenotypes of successful aging using the data from Hong Kong Centenarian Study 2 by referencing to two models which have been adopted in previous centenarian studies.Method:Between April 2021 and September 2022, we interviewed the family caregivers of 146 community dwelling older adults aged 95 or above by phone. A structured questionnaire with items on the physical, psychological, and social well-being of the older adults was administered. Latent class analysis was used to identify the classes of successful aging based on eleven dichotomized indicators - good health, happiness, good perceived economic status, absence of dementia diagnosis, ambulation, resistance, indoor transfer, dressing, vision and hearing impairment and weekly social activities.Results:Among the 146 older adults aged between 95 to 106 (mean (SD): 97.5 (2.5); 76.0% female), 13.0% fulfilled all successful aging criteria based on caregivers’ judgments of happiness, health, and economic status, and 2.1% fulfilled all criteria based on caregivers’ observation of their physical functions and social activities. LCA identified three latent classes: Class 1 (46.6%) characterized by poor cognitive and functional health, Class 2 (37.0%) with good functional health but poor mobility, and Class 3 (16.4%) with overall good health. Class membership was unrelated to gender, age, living arrangement, and education status of the older adults.Conclusions:Although we found a relatively low occurrence of successful aging among Hong Kong adults of advanced age, possibly due to the adverse impact of COVID on their physical, psychological, and social well-being, understanding how successful aging was (partially) attained by these long-lived individuals will enable social and health care professionals to encourage late-life productive involvement, especially in the post-COVID era. (349 words)
magnum.np - A PyTorch based GPU enhanced Finite Difference Micromagnetic Simulation Framework for High Level Development and Inverse Design
Authors: Bruckner Florian , Koraltan Sabri , Abert Claas , Suess Dieter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
magnum.np is a micromagnetic finite-difference library completely based on the tensor library PyTorch. The use of such a high level library leads to a highly maintainable and extensible code base which is the ideal candidate for the investigation of novel algorithms and modeling approaches.
On the other hand magnum.np benefits from the devices abstraction and optimizations of PyTorch enabling the efficient execution of micromagnetic simulations on a number of computational platforms including GPU and potentially TPU systems. We demonstrate a competitive performance to state-of-the art micromagnetic codes such a mumax3 and show how our
code enables the rapid implementation of new functionality. Furthermore, handling inverse problems becomes possible by using PyTorch's autograd feature.
Burning of Municipal solid waste : An invitation for aerosol black carbon and PM2.5 over mid – sized city in India
Authors: Mahato Dilip Kumar , Sankar Tapan Kumar , Ambade Balram , Mohammad Faruq , Soleiman Ahmed A. , Gautam Sneha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Waste management is the main concern of most cities in developing countries. The proper procedure is needed to reduce Municipal solid waste, that’s why burning is the cheaper way to decrease solid waste. The main aim of this study is to assess the concentration of Black Carbon and PM2.5 during the MSW burning sites in Jamshedpur. The continuous measurement was taken during the burning period in three phases at Industrial, Urban, and Rural waste burning sites having respective average BC concentrations observed as 145 ± 46, 101 ± 33 & 95 ± 33 μg m-3, and PM2.5 as 1391 ± 358, 998 ± 319, 957 ± 313 μg m-3. BC and PM2.5 concentrations show significant diurnal variations with maximum average concentration at the midnight phase due to large temperature fluctuation (lower mixed layer height) in the atmosphere. This evaluation during burning period exceeds regular day estimates by around 5-6 times. The rate distinction of BC by the Aethalometer model indicates that source apportionment of BC is more sensitive in assessing BCBB with an average fraction of 82 % at 880 nm because waste trash burn in the dump yard was mostly solid. Pearson correlation analysis shows strong correlations between BC and PM2.5 concentration that is primarily attributable to well-known nearby sources such as vehicular emissions.
Responding to the crisis on the fossil fuel market as a source of Russia’s hostile narratives towards European Union countries
Authors: Cetera Wiesław , Żołnierski Aleksander , Jaruga Dariusz , Celiński Piotr , Grzegorek Jan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Fossil fuels helped Putin build military power and attack Ukraine. Coal, gas and oil are being used by Putin’s regime as weapons against the countries that are contractors and consumers of Russian fuels. The aim of this paper is to present a methodology using Big Data analysis and to demonstrate the results, as well as to show trends and developments in relation to the response to the crisis on the fossil fuel market. At the same time, the EU institutions have taken on the burden of conducting energy policy in Europe. The research carried out, including the cluster analysis and the analysis of the variability of trends in relation to the real conditions in the market for strategic energy resources, indicates that the European Union (as an institution) has taken over the burden of policy-making in this area and national policies are far less important (indicating their weakness).
Irradiation and lithium treatment alter the global DNA methylation pattern and gene expression underlying a shift from gliogenesis towards neurogenesis in human neural progenitors
Authors: Neofytou Christina , Backlund Alexandra , Blomgren K , Hermanson Ola 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors account for almost a third of pediatric cancers and are the largest contributor to cancer-related death in children. Cranial radiation therapy (CRT) is, often in combination with chemotherapy and surgery, effective in the treatment of high-grade childhood brain cancers, but it has been associated with late complications in 50–90% of survivors, such as decline in cognition and mood, decreased social competence, and fatigue. A leading hypothesis to explain the decline in cognition, at least partially, is injury to the neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs), which leads to apoptosis and altered fate choice, favoring gliogenesis over neurogenesis. Hence, treatments harnessing neurogenesis are of great relevance in this context. Lithium, a well-known mood stabilizer, has neuroprotective and antitumor effects and has been found to reverse irradiation-induced damage in rodents, at least in part by regulating the expression of the glutamate decarboxylase 2 gene (Gad2) via promoter demethylation in rat NSPCs. Additionally, lithium was shown to rescue irradiation-induced cognitive defects in mice26. Here, we show that irradiation (IR) alone or in combination with lithium chloride (LiCl) caused major changes in gene expression and global DNA methylation in iPS-derived human NSPCs (hNSPCs) compared to untreated cells, as well as LiCl-only-treated cells. The pattern of DNA methylation changes after IR-treatment alone was stochastic and observed across many different gene groups, whereas differences in DNA methylation after LiCl-treatment of irradiated cells were more directed to specific promoters of genes, including genes associated with neurogenesis, for example GAD2. Interestingly, IR and IR + LiCl treatment affected the promoter methylation and expression of several genes encoding factors involved in BMP signaling, including the BMP antagonist gremlin1. We propose that lithium in addition to promoting neuronal differentiation, also represses glial differentiation in hNSPCs with DNA methylation regulation being a key mechanism of action.
Retro-miRs: Novel and functional miRNAs originating from mRNA retrotransposition
Authors: Mercuri Rafael L. , Conceição Helena B. , Guardia Gabriela D. A. , Goldstein Gabriel , Vibranovski Maria D. , Hinske Ludwig C. , Galante Pedro A F 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background. Reverse-transcribed gene copies (retrocopies) have emerged as major sources of evolutionary novelty. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small and highly conserved RNA molecules that serve as key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. The origin and subsequent evolution of miRNAs have been addressed but not fully elucidated.
Results.In this study, we performed a comprehensive investigation of miRNA origination through retroduplicated mRNA sequences (retro-miRs). We identified 17 retro-miRs that emerged from the mRNA retrocopies. Four of these retro-miRs had de novo origins within retrocopied sequences, while 13 retro-miRNAs were located within exon regions and duplicated along with their host mRNAs. We found that retro-miRs were primate-specific, including five retro-miRs conserved among all primates and two human-specific retro-miRs. All retro-miRs were expressed, with predicted and experimentally validated target genes except miR-10527. Notably, the target genes of retro-miRs are involved in key biological processes such as metabolic processes, cell signaling, and regulation of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Additionally, we found that these retro-miRs play a potential oncogenic role in cancer by targeting key cancer genes and are overexpressed in several cancer types, including liver hepatocellular carcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma.
Conclusions. Our findings demonstrated that mRNA retrotransposition is a key mechanism for the generation of novel miRNAs (retro-miRs) in primates. These retro-miRs are expressed, conserved, have target genes with important cellular functions, and play important roles in cancer.
Postpartum Depression: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Childbirth Experiences in Palestine
Authors: Mattar Batoul , Abu-Rmeileh Niveen ME , Wahdan Yasmeen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: Worldwide mothers are suffering from postpartum depression (PPD) which impairs mothers' well-being, children, and families, and lead to adverse outcomes for mother and their growing newborns. Low and middle-income countries have a higher prevalence of PPD and limited studies about it. This study will assess the prevalence of PPD among Palestinian women nationally, identify mothers at a higher risk of PPD, and study the correlation between PPD and mistreatment during childbirth. Methods: The study is based on a secondary data analysis from a cross-sectional study in the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt). 745 telephone-based interviews with mothers were done within 2-4 weeks post-childbirth. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used as a screening tool for PPD. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) was used. Results: PPD prevalence among Palestinian mothers is 12.6%, with a higher prevalence among mothers living in the Gaza strip, a politically and economically unstable region in Palestine. Older mothers are two times more likely to develop PPD compared to young mothers. And regarding the correlation between PPD and mistreatment of mothers during childbirth, mothers who experienced disrespectful behaviors (any abuse, negligence, abandonment, ineffective communication, or poor pain management) in childbirth settings are more likely to report PPD than those who were not exposed to any form of disrespect. Conclusion: A high prevalence of postpartum depression was found among Palestinian mothers, especially among mothers who experienced mistreatment in childbirth settings. It is essential to support healthcare providers to improve their practice and attitudes to eliminate mistreatment and abusive behaviors of mothers during childbirth.
Risk of Overweight and Obesity in Children under 6 Years Old Following Cesarean Delivery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cohort Studies
Authors: Zhou Chuhui , Tang Linghong , Retnakaran Ravi , Krewski Daniel , Wen Shi Wu , Zhou Lepeng , Xie Ri-hua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Cesarean delivery is considered as a potential risk factor for childhood overweight/obesity; however, its risk magnitude remains unknown. To estimate the risk of being overweight/obese in children under 6 years old following cesarean delivery.
Methods
Three English and two Chinese databases were searched. The quality of studies was appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were conducted to estimate the pooled rates and relative risk (RR) of overweight/obesity, with RR estimates to compare the risks between children delivered by cesarean section and children delivered vaginally under 6 years old.
Results
Eighteen cohort studies with a total of 125,042 children under 6 years old were included. Of them, 33,551 children were delivered by cesarean section. The rates of pooled estimate of overweight combined with obesity, overweight alone, and obesity alone in children delivered by cesarean section were 18.2%, 14.1%, and 8.6%, respectively, while corresponding rates in children delivered vaginally were 14.0%, 12.5%, and 6.6%. Cesarean delivery was associated with significantly increased risks of childhood overweight combined with obesity (RR 1.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13–1.23), overweight alone (RR 1.09, 95% CI 1.02–1.17), and obesity alone (RR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13–1.40) as compared with vaginal delivery. Subgroup analyses showed a low degree of heterogeneity among all subgroups. Sensitivity analysis showed that overall estimates remained essentially the same when omitting one study at a time.
Conclusion
Children delivered by cesarean section may have an increased risk of overweight and / or obesity than children delivered vaginally in the first 6 years of life.
Determination of cultural humility levels of nursing students studying in a city where different cultures live intensely
Authors: Berse Soner , Dirgar Ezgi , Tosun Betül , Tanrıverdi Derya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims: This study was conducted to determine the cultural humility levels of nursing students.
Method: The descriptive study was carried out with nursing students in two universities located in the Southeastern Anatolia region, where immigrant population is dense, in Turkey.
Results: A significant difference was found between the Cultural Humility scale mean scores of the students and their gender, nationality, mother language, experience of going abroad, desire to live in another country and enjoying spending time with people from different cultures (p<0.05). It was found that there was a positive correlation between the mean scores given by the students between 0-10 for the importance of cultural diversity in nursing education and the total score of the Cultural Humility Scale and the mean score of its sub-dimensions (p<0.01)
Conclusion: This study contributed to the emergence of factors that affect and are related to Cultural Humility.
Haploidentical Donor Blood or Marrow Transplantation for Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative Overlap Neoplasms: Results from a North American Collaboration
Authors: Jain Tania , Tsai Hua-Ling , Elmariah Hany , Vachhani Pankit , Karantanos Theodoros , Wall Sarah , Gondek Lukasz , Bashey Asad , Keyzner Alla , Tamari Roni , Grunwald Michael , Abedin Sameem , Nadiminti Kalyan , Iqbal Madiha , Gerds Aaron , Viswabandya Auro , McCurdy Shannon , Malki Monzr Al , Varadhan Ravi , Ali Haris , Gupta Vikas , Jones Richard John , Otoukesh Salman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Haploidentical donors offer a potentially readily available donor, especially for non-White patients, for blood or marrow transplantation (BMT). In this collaboration across North America, we retrospectively analyzed outcomes of first BMT using haploidentical donor and posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) in MDS/MPN-overlap neoplasms (MDS/MPN), an otherwise incurable hematological neoplasm. We included 120 patients, 38% of non-White/Caucasian ethnicity, across 15 centers with median age at BMT 62.5 years. The median follow-up is 2.4 years. Graft failure was reported in 6% patients. At 3-years, nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was 25%, relapse 27%, grade 3-4 acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) 12%, chronic GVHD requiring systemic immunosuppression 14%, progression-free survival (PFS) 48% and overall survival (OS) 56%. On multivariable analysis, statistically significant associations included older age at BMT (per decade increment) with NRM (sdHR 3.28, 95%CI 1.30-8.25), PFS (HR 1.98, 95% 1.13-3.45) and OS (HR 2.01, 95% CI 1.11-3.63), presence of mutation in EZH2/RUNX1/SETBP1 with relapse (sdHR 2.61, 95%CI 1.06-6.44), and splenomegaly at BMT/prior splenectomy with OS (HR 2.20, 95%CI 1.04-4.65). Haploidentical donors are a viable option for BMT in MDS/MPN, especially for those disproportionately represented in the unrelated donor registry. Disease-related factors including splenomegaly and high-risk mutations dominate outcomes following BMT.
Altering Students’ Attitude towards Math Learning Through Project-Based Learning: A Math Project
Authors: Rehman Nadia , Zhang Wenlan , MAHMOOD AMIR , Andleeb Irum , Kong Weijun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Globally Project-Based learning is regarded as a replacement for the conventional, instructor-centered mode of education. PBL is an effective instructional strategy to change students’ attitudes toward learning. Yet, in Pakistani public schools, traditional teaching approaches are still employed. Given that these students’ math scores are abysmal and they have a negative attitude toward math, it is reasonable to test whether PBL can improve the attitudes of Pakistani public school children leading to better math scores. In the present study, a quasi-experimental design was used; the experimental group was treated with PBL intervention, while the control group was taught with the traditional teaching method. Before and after the intervention, pre-attitude and achievements were measured in both the experimental and control group. After the intervention, dependent variables were checked using the same instruments. An attitude scale, achievement test, and interview protocol tool were used to collect data. Findings revealed the Z score and p-value (z =-4.570, p = 0.00), supporting that the experimental group students improved their attitude towards Math learning due to PBL intervention. An independent sample t-test demonstrated a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control group (p = 0.00). Teacher and student interviews show that PBL has a positive effect on students’ attitudes and may increase their success. Furthermore, it has favorable impressions of the methodology. The results of this study may improve mathematics instruction and evaluation in the primary education system. Future studies should be done in different schools, grade levels, and ages to see how PBL works in different scenarios.
Assessment of fluid responsiveness using cardiac power index in the prone position: a pilot study
Authors: Min JY 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Fluid therapy guidelines tend to be evaluated using indicators representative of preload, and they have yet to be assessed from the standpoint of contractility. We hypothesized that the cardiac power index (CPI) might affect fluid responsiveness in settings where postural change triggers hemodynamic changes.
Methods
Twenty-eight patients who underwent lumbar spine surgery in the prone position on a jack’s table were enrolled in this study. Hemodynamic variables were measured before and after the position change and after the colloid bolus (5 mg/kg) in the prone position. Fluid responsiveness was defined as an increase in the stroke volume index (SVI) ≥ 10%.
Results
After a position change, the responder's CPI (mean ± sd) significantly decreased after a change to the prone position (0.45 ± 0.04 W/m2 vs. 0.34 ± 0.02 W/m2, p = 0.024). Cardiac index (CI, mean ± sd) decreased from 2.39 ± 0.15 l/min/m2 to 1.95 ± 0.16 l/min/m2 (p = 0.045). CPI was 0.50 ± 0.04 W/m2 in the non-responders and 0.34 ± 0.02 W/m2 in the responders (p = 0.002) in the prone position. After fluid loading, in the responder, CI increased from 1.95 ± 0.16l/min/m2 to 2.22 ± 0.16l/min/m2 (p = 0.025), and SVI increased from 27.62 ± 2.2 ml/m2 to 34.5 ± 2.06 ml/m2 (p = 0.001). CPI increased from 0.34 ± 0.02 W/m2 to 0.4 ± 0.03 W/m2 (p = 0.045) in the responders. However, CI decreased from 2.5 ± 0.18l/min/m2 to 2.29 ± 0.18 l/min/m2 (p = 0.009), and SVI (mean ± sd) decreased from 31.05 ± 1.78 ml/m2 to 28.55 ± 1.63 ml/m2 (p = 0.004) in the non-responders. CPI decreased from 0.5 ± 0.04W/m2 to 0.42 ± 0.03W/m2 (p = 0.015). The prone's CPI could predict fluid responsiveness under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.78 (95% CI, 0.60–0.95; p = 0.025). An optimal cut-off value of CPI in the prone was < 0.43 W/m2 (100% sensitivity and 65% specificity).
Conclusion
CPI may support and guide fluid management in the prone position. However, more data are required to confirm these findings.