bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a photodynamic therapy agent using a canine prostate cancer model
Authors: Luo Dong , Wang Xinning , Ramamurthy Gopalakrishnan , Walker Ethan , Zhang Lifang , Shirke Aditi , Naidu Naraen G. , Burda Clemens , Shakya Reena , Hostnik Eric T. , Joseph Mathew , Ponsky Lee , Ponomarev Vladimir , Rosol Thomas J. , Tweedle Michael F. , Basilion James P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMale dogs can develop spontaneous prostate cancer, which is similar physiologically to human disease. Recently, Tweedle and coworkers have developed an orthotopic canine prostate model allowing implanted tumors and therapeutic agents to be tested in a more translational large animal model. We used the canine model to evaluate prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)‐targeted gold nanoparticles as a theranostic approach for fluorescence (FL) imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of early stage prostate cancer.MethodsDogs (four in total) were immunosuppressed with a cyclosporine‐based immunosuppressant regimen and their prostate glands were injected with Ace‐1‐hPSMA cells using transabdominal ultrasound (US) guidance. Intraprostatic tumors grew in 4–5 weeks and were monitored by ultrasound (US). When tumors reached an appropriate size, dogs were injected intravenously (iv) with PSMA‐targeted nano agents (AuNPs‐Pc158) and underwent surgery 24 h later to expose the prostate tumors for FL imaging and PDT. Ex vivo FL imaging and histopathological studies were performed to confirm PDT efficacy.ResultsAll dogs had tumor growth in the prostate gland as revealed by US. Twenty‐four hours after injection of PSMA‐targeted nano agents (AuNPs‐Pc158), the tumors were imaged using a Curadel FL imaging device. While normal prostate tissue had minimal fluorescent signal, the prostate tumors had significantly increased FL. PDT was activated by irradiating specific fluorescent tumor areas with laser light (672 nm). PDT bleached the FL signal, while fluorescent signals from the other unexposed tumor tissues were unaffected. Histological analysis of tumors and adjacent prostate revealed that PDT damaged the irradiated areas to a depth of 1–2 mms with the presence of necrosis, hemorrhage, secondary inflammation, and occasional focal thrombosis. The nonirradiated areas showed no visible damages by PDT.ConclusionWe have successfully established a PSMA‐expressing canine orthotopic prostate tumor model and used the model to evaluate the PSMA‐targeted nano agents (AuNPs‐Pc158) in the application of FL imaging and PDT. It was demonstrated that the nano agents allowed visualization of the cancer cells and enabled their destruction when they were irradiated with a specific wavelength of light.
The structural analysis of the periplasmic domain of Sinorhizobium meliloti chemoreceptor McpZ reveals a novel fold and suggests a complex mechanism of transmembrane signaling
Authors: Salar Safoura , Ball Nicolas E. , Baaziz Hiba , Nix Jay C. , Sobe Richard C. , Compton K. Karl , Zhulin Igor B. , Brown Anne M. , Scharf Birgit E. , Schubot Florian D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChemotaxis is a fundamental process whereby bacteria seek out nutrient sources and avoid harmful chemicals. For the symbiotic soil bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti, the chemotaxis system also plays an essential role in the interaction with its legume host. The chemotactic signaling cascade is initiated through interactions of an attractant or repellent compound with chemoreceptors or methyl‐accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs). S. meliloti possesses eight chemoreceptors to mediate chemotaxis. Six of these receptors are transmembrane proteins with periplasmic ligand‐binding domains (LBDs). The specific functions of McpW and McpZ are still unknown. Here, we report the crystal structure of the periplasmic domain of McpZ (McpZPD) at 2.7 Å resolution. McpZPD assumes a novel fold consisting of three concatenated four‐helix bundle modules. Through phylogenetic analyses, we discovered that this helical tri‐modular domain fold arose within the Rhizobiaceae family and is still evolving rapidly. The structure, offering a rare view of a ligand‐free dimeric MCP‐LBD, reveals a novel dimerization interface. Molecular dynamics calculations suggest ligand binding will induce conformational changes that result in large horizontal helix movements within the membrane‐proximal domains of the McpZPD dimer that are accompanied by a 5 Å vertical shift of the terminal helix toward the inner cell membrane. These results suggest a mechanism of transmembrane signaling for this family of MCPs that entails both piston‐type and scissoring movements. The predicted movements terminate in a conformation that closely mirrors those observed in related ligand‐bound MCP‐LBDs.
Effects of ginseng consumption on the biomarkers of oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ren Qian , Lin Jie , Wang Hongya , Huang Mengting , Tan Xiaozhen , Huang Wei , Xu Yong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOxidative stress (OS) is a key factor involved in the initiation and development of chronic diseases. Despite its widespread acceptance as an antioxidant, the effects of ginseng on OS in human clinical trials have not been comprehensively analyzed. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize the results of previous randomized clinical trials (RCTs) examining the impact of ginseng consumption on OS indicators. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles on the effects of ginseng consumption on oxidative stress markers up to March 20, 2023. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess effect sizes. Twelve RCTs with 15 effect sizes revealed that the effects of ginseng lowered serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (SMD = 0.45, 95% CI: −0.87, −0.08; p = 0.03) and significantly increased the serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.45; p = 0.04), oxidative dismutase (SOD) (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.57; p < 0.0001), glutathione (GSH) (SMD = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.61; p = 0.005), and glutathione reductase (GR) (SMD = 0.56; 95% CI: 0.31, 0.81; p < 0.0001) levels compared to the effects of placebo. However, the effects on serum glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were not significant. Moreover, subgroup analysis based on intervention duration showed that ginseng consumption increased GPx (SMD = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.78; p = 0.039) and CAT (SMD = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.27, 1.21; p = 0.002) levels after more than 4 weeks of intervention. According to the results of this meta‐analysis, ginseng supplementation dramatically reduced MDA levels and increased TAC, SOD, GSH, and GR levels. Our results open up a new line of defense against oxidative stress‐induced diseases.
The efficacy of medicinal plant preparations in the alleviation of radiodermatitis in patients with breast cancer: A systematic review of clinical trials
Authors: Baharara Hamed , Rahsepar Sara , Emami Seyyed Ahmad , Elyasi Sepideh , Mohammadpour Amir Hooshang , Ghavami Vahid , Rajendram Rajkumar , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Arasteh Omid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRadiodermatitis in breast cancer patients varies from mild irritation to life‐threatening lesions. Several studies suggest a role for topical corticosteroid ointments in the treatment of radiodermatitis. Yet, to avoid the adverse effects of corticosteroids, many authors recommend the use of topical herbal products instead. The therapeutic role of herbal treatments has yet to be fully understood. This systematic review evaluates the role of topical or oral herbal medicines in radiodermatitis prevention and treatment. A systematic search of four databases (Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) was performed without language and time restrictions from their inception until April 2023. The bibliographies of potential articles were also searched manually. Studies evaluated and compared the effects of herbal preparations with the control group, on dermatitis induced by radiotherapy for breast cancer. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the included studies. Thirty‐five studies were included in the systematic review. Studies which used herbal drugs including topical and oral formulations were evaluated. Herbal monotherapy and combination therapy were reported, and their effects on radiodermatitis were explained in the systematic review. In conclusion, henna ointments, silymarin gel, and Juango cream were reported to reduce the severity of radiodermatitis. These agents should be considered for radiodermatitis prophylaxis and treatment. The data on aloe gel and calendula ointment were conflicting. Further randomized controlled trials of herbal medications and new herbal formulations are required to determine their effects on breast cancer radiodermatitis.
Effects of public expenditure on education on gender inequality in education in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA)
Authors: Mbodji Yérim Codé 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe study examines the effect of public education expenditures on gender inequality in education in sub‐Saharan Africa. It covers 25 countries in sub‐Saharan Africa for the period 2010–2019. The generalised method of moments was used. The estimator developed by Blundell and Bond was chosen. The following results are found: (i) public expenditure on education has a positive effect on gender equality in education at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels; (ii) remittances have a negative effect on gender equality in education at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels; (iii) population growth has a negative effect on gender equality in education at the primary and tertiary levels, but at the secondary level, the effect is positive. The main political implication is that sub‐Saharan African countries must continue to invest in inclusive school to ensure gender equality, which remains a goal to be achieved in the region.
Regulating the Electronic Structure of Bismuth Nanosheets by Titanium Doping to Boost CO2 Electroreduction and Zn–CO2 Batteries
Authors: Xu Aihao , Chen Xiangyu , Wei Dong , Chu Bingxian , Yu Meihua , Yin Xucai , Xu Jing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (E‐CO2RR) to formate is a promising strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and addressing the global energy crisis. Developing low‐cost and environmentally friendly electrocatalysts with high selectivity and industrial current densities for formate production is an ideal but challenging goal in the field of electrocatalysis. Herein, novel titanium‐doped bismuth nanosheets (TiBi NSs) with enhanced E‐CO2RR performance are synthesized through one‐step electrochemical reduction of bismuth titanate (Bi4Ti3O12). We comprehensively evaluated TiBi NSs using in situ Raman spectra, finite element method, and density functional theory. The results indicate that the ultrathin nanosheet structure of TiBi NSs can accelerate mass transfer, while the electron‐rich properties can accelerate the production of *CO2− and enhance the adsorption strength of *OCHO intermediate. The TiBi NSs deliver a high formate Faradaic efficiency (FEformate) of 96.3% and a formate production rate of 4032 µmol h−1 cm−2 at −1.01 V versus RHE. An ultra‐high current density of −338.3 mA cm−2 is achieved at −1.25 versus RHE, and simultaneously FEformate still reaches more than 90%. Furthermore, the rechargeable Zn–CO2 battery using TiBi NSs as a cathode catalyst achieves a maximum power density of 1.05 mW cm−2 and excellent charging/discharging stability of 27 h.
Au@Ag Nanopencil with Au Tip and Au@Ag Rod: Multimodality Plasmonic Nanoprobe based on Asymmetric Etching for the Detection of SCN− and ClO−
Authors: He Zhao , Zhu Jian , Li Xin , Weng Guo‐Jun , Li Jian‐Jun , Zhao Jun‐Wu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, Au@Ag nanopencil is designed as a multimodality plasmonic nanoprobe based on asymmetric etching for the detection of SCN− and ClO−. Au@Ag nanopencil with Au tip and Au@Ag rod is prepared by asymmetric tailoring of uniformly grown silver‐covered gold nanopyramids under the combined effect of partial galvanic replacement and redox reaction. By asymmetric etching in different systems, Au@Ag nanopencil exhibits diversified changes in the plasmonic absorption band: O2•− facilitated by SCN− etches Au@Ag rod from the end to the tip, causing a blue shift of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peak as the aspect ratio decreases; while the ClO− can retain Au@Ag shell and etch Ag within rod from the tip to the end, causing a redshift of the LSPR peak as the coupling resonance weakens. Based on peak shifts in different directions, a multimodality detection of SCN− and ClO− has been established. The results demonstrate the detection limits of SCN− and ClO− are 160 and 6.7 nm, and the linear ranges are 1–600 µm and 0.05–13 µm, respectively. The finely designed Au@Ag nanopencil not only broadens the horizon of designing heterogeneous structures, but also enriches the strategy of constructing multimodality sensing platform.
Carbon‐Doped Nickle Via a Fast Decarbonization Route for Enhanced Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Media
Authors: Shen Peiqi , Cao Pengcheng , Yu Yifan , Wang Lei , Zhao Lei , Yang Li , Lin Yunxiang , Xu Kun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNickel (Ni) based materials with non‐metal heteroatom doping are competitive substitutes for platinum group catalyst toward alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). However, the incorporation of non‐metal atom into the lattice of conventional fcc phase Ni can easily trigger a structural phase transformation, forming hcp phase nonmetallic intermetallic compounds. Such tangle phenomenon makes it difficult to uncover the relationship between HOR catalytic activity and doping effect on fcc phase Ni. Herein, taking trace carbon doped Ni (C‐Ni) nanoparticles as an example, a new nonmetal doped Ni nanoparticles synthesized by a simple fast decarbonization route using Ni3C as precursor is presented, which provides an ideal platform to study the structure‐activity relationship between alkaline HOR performance and non‐metal doping effect toward fcc phase Ni. The obtained C‐Ni exhibits an enhanced alkaline HOR catalytic activity compared with pure Ni, approaching to commercial Pt/C. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy confirms that the trace carbon doping can modulate the electronic structure of conventional fcc phase nickel. Besides, theoretical calculations suggest that the introducing of C atoms can effectively regulate the d‐band center of Ni atoms, resulting in the optimized hydrogen absorption, thereby improving the HOR activity.
Making Lantaneae (Verbenaceae) taxonomy useful: A phylogenetic classification
Authors: O'Leary Nataly , Lu‐Irving Patricia , Moroni Pablo , Salimena Fátima R.G. , dos Santos Silva Tânia R. , Cardoso Pedro H. , Mirra Fabiana , Schaefer Juliana , Bedoya Ana M. , Viccini Lyderson F. , Bitencourt Cássia , Thode Verônica A. , Olmstead Richard G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecent phylogenetic results strongly suggest that neither Lantana nor Lippia are monophyletic. This has a direct impact on taxonomy and nomenclature in the tribe Lantaneae and it underscores the need to revise its classification. However, any generic recircumscription following the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants will require substantial nomenclatural changes. As a solution, a phylogenetic classification following the PhyloCode is applied to the whole Lantaneae, and 28 rank‐free names are proposed and defined for clades. Clade /Lantaneae is defined to exclude Coelocarpum. Traditional taxon names previously recognized at the ranks of tribe, genus, and section are maintained when associated with clades. Discussion about fruit and corolla morphology, the basis of most previous classifications, within the group is presented along with a key to the clades of /Lantaneae. A useful classification of the plant diversity in tribe Lantaneae consistent with the phylogenetic relationships within the group is provided. This rank‐free system promotes name stability as new data become available and avoids name changes to well‐known species.
Justice Under Lockdown
Authors: Pfitzner Naomi , Fitz-Gibbon Kate , Walklate Sandra , Meyer Silke , Segrave Marie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides a cross-country exploration of policing and court responses to domestic and family violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. While traditional policing and court response models were disrupted during the pandemic, many police forces and courts adapted their practices, building on already existing digital and remotely enabled options to ensure access to justice was maintained throughout the pandemic. Using empirical data from England and Wales as a case study, this chapter examines the ongoing viability of these options for the delivery of justice, especially for those experiencing DFV, and considers the preparedness of criminal justice systems for future crises.
Mangelernährung in der Inneren Medizin
Authors: Kaegi-Braun Nina , Gressies Carla , Tribolet Pascal , Stumpf Franziska , Keller Bettina , Schuetz Philipp 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungKrankheitsbedingte Mangelernährung hat starken Einfluss auf den weiteren Krankheitsverlauf und die Sterblichkeit, insbesondere bei chronisch kranken Patient*innen. In den letzten Jahren konnte in großen randomisierten Studien gezeigt werden, dass eine individuelle Ernährungstherapie das klinische Outcome von medizinischen Patient*innen mit einem Risiko für Mangelernährung im Krankenhaus und in der Nachsorge signifikant und relevant verbessert. Angesichts des steigenden Anteils multimorbider Patient*innen rücken deshalb die Mangelernährung sowie ihre Therapie in der Praxis und Forschung zunehmend in den Fokus. Ernährungsmedizin sollte heutzutage als effektiver und integraler Bestandteil einer ganzheitlichen Therapie in der Inneren Medizin betrachtet werden. Weitere Forschung ist aber notwendig, um neue Ernährungsbiomarker zu untersuchen und eine evidenzbasierte, personalisierte Ernährungsmedizin noch besser in den klinischen Alltag integrieren zu können.
High-throughput Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultivation method for credentialing-based untargeted metabolomics
Authors: Favilli Lorenzo , Griffith Corey M. , Schymanski Emma L. , Linster Carole L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIdentifying metabolites in model organisms is critical for many areas of biology, including unravelling disease aetiology or elucidating functions of putative enzymes. Even now, hundreds of predicted metabolic genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae remain uncharacterized, indicating that our understanding of metabolism is far from complete even in well-characterized organisms. While untargeted high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) enables the detection of thousands of features per analysis, many of these have a non-biological origin. Stable isotope labelling (SIL) approaches can serve as credentialing strategies to distinguish biologically relevant features from background signals, but implementing these experiments at large scale remains challenging. Here, we developed a SIL-based approach for high-throughput untargeted metabolomics in S. cerevisiae, including deep-48 well format-based cultivation and metabolite extraction, building on the peak annotation and verification engine (PAVE) tool. Aqueous and nonpolar extracts were analysed using HILIC and RP liquid chromatography, respectively, coupled to Orbitrap Q Exactive HF mass spectrometry. Of the approximately 37,000 total detected features, only 3–7% of the features were credentialed and used for data analysis with open-source software such as MS-DIAL, MetFrag, Shinyscreen, SIRIUS CSI:FingerID, and MetaboAnalyst, leading to the successful annotation of 198 metabolites using MS2 database matching. Comparable metabolic profiles were observed for wild-type and sdh1Δ yeast strains grown in deep-48 well plates versus the classical shake flask format, including the expected increase in intracellular succinate concentration in the sdh1Δ strain. The described approach enables high-throughput yeast cultivation and credentialing-based untargeted metabolomics, providing a means to efficiently perform molecular phenotypic screens and help complete metabolic networks.
Graphical abstract
Left Ventricle Size Correlates with Peak Exercise Capacity in Pediatric Cancer Survivors Exposed to Anthracycline Chemotherapy
Authors: Masood Imran Ross , Rezvan Panteha Hayati , Lee Kyuwan , Vervaet Helena , Kuo Christopher , Loss Karla , Menteer JonDavid , Souza Andrew , Freyer David , Su Jennifer A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCancer survivors exposed to anthracycline chemotherapy are at risk for developing cardiomyopathy, which may have delayed clinical manifestation. In a retrospective cross-sectional study, we evaluated the utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) for detecting early cardiac disease in 35 pediatric cancer survivors by examining the associations between peak exercise capacity (measured via percent predicted peak VO2) and resting left ventricular (LV) function on echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI). We additionally assessed the relationships between LV size on resting echocardiography or cMRI and percent predicted peak VO2 since LV growth arrest can occur in anthracycline-exposed patients prior to changes in LV systolic function. We found reduced exercise capacity in this cohort, with low percent predicted peak VO2 (62%, IQR: 53–75%). While most patients in our pediatric cohort had normal LV systolic function, we observed associations between percent predicted peak VO2 and echocardiographic and cMRI measures of LV size. These findings indicate that CPET may be more sensitive in manifesting early anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy than echocardiography in pediatric cancer survivors. Our study also highlights the importance of assessing LV size in addition to function in pediatric cancer survivors exposed to anthracyclines.
The role of circulating cell-free DNA as an inflammatory mediator after stroke
Authors: Roth Stefan , Wernsdorf Saskia R. , Liesz Arthur 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide and a leading cause of disability. Clinical and experimental studies highlighted the complex role of the immune system in the pathophysiology of stroke. Ischemic brain injury leads to the release of cell-free DNA, a damage-associated molecular pattern, which binds to pattern recognition receptors on immune cells such as toll-like receptors and cytosolic inflammasome sensors. The downstream signaling cascade then induces a rapid inflammatory response. In this review, we are highlighting the characteristics of cell-free DNA and how these can affect a local as well as a systemic response after stroke. For this purpose, we screened literature on clinical studies investigating cell-free DNA concentration and properties after brain ischemia. We report the current understanding for mechanisms of DNA uptake and sensing in the context of post-stroke inflammation. Moreover, we compare possible treatment options targeting cell-free DNA, DNA-sensing pathways, and the downstream mediators. Finally, we describe clinical implications of this inflammatory pathway for stroke patients, open questions, and potential future research directions.
High-speed phase-shifting incoherent digital holography (invited)
Authors: Tahara Tatsuki , Shimobaba Tomoyoshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe propose high-speed incoherent digital holography with a recording speed of 1,000 fps, which is designed for the three-dimensional (3D) motion-picture measurement of moving objects with high temporal resolution. We adopt single-shot phase-shifting incoherent digital holography, a high-speed polarization-imaging camera system, and a palm-sized self-interference interferometer designed for spatially and temporally incoherent light, to implement a high-speed phase-shifting incoherent digital holography system. High-speed four-dimensional (4D) (3D and time) measurement capability is experimentally demonstrated, using the constructed incoherent digital holography system set on a wagon and a daily-use white-color light-emitting diode.