bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modal Identification for Integrally Bladed Rotors Under Traveling Wave Excitation
Authors: Beck Joseph A. , Brown Jeffrey M. , Gillaugh Daniel L. , Kaszynski Alex A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The safety of a fielded integrally bladed rotor (IBR) is often assessed through vibration testing. Responses due to various types of excitation are measured and processed and can be inputs to follow-on analyses, such as mistuning identification. One such excitation technique is the traveling wave excitation (TWE) where all blades are simultaneously excited at phase differences that attempt to replicate naturally occurring mode shapes and certain operating conditions. This test relies on noncontact exciters, e.g., magnets and speakers, that are often not directly measured. As a result, formulating the frequency response function (FRF) is difficult and the extraction of system modal data using FRF fitting techniques in the absence of FRFs is not possible. This paper presents an approach to use measured responses from TWE tests. It is shown that the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of the TWE inputs is mostly independent over the prescribed frequency range. Consequently, the output spectral density matrix can be formulated in an operational modal analysis (OMA) sense, where direct measurement of the inputs is not needed. A full spectral density matrix is then formulated from a single measurement on each blade obtained during a single test, thus reducing the number of measurement locations and testing excitation conditions. This matrix is fit by a polyreference-least squares complex frequency-domain (P-LSCF) system identification technique tailored for OMA-type measurements. The methodology is tested using simulated TWE data for an IBR model using different damping levels. Comparisons between identified modal data and those used to create the model are made and show the methodology accurately predicts underlying system information even for closely spaced modes that are common to IBRs. Finally, the method is used on experimental TWE data of an industrial IBR.
Sports Coaches’ Athlete Talent Mindset and Views Regarding Talent Identification in Norway
Authors: Nilsen Dag André , Sigurjonsson Thorsteinn , Pensgaard Anne Marte , Chroni Stiliani “Ani” 
Published: December 2022

We investigated coaches’ mindsets of athletic talent as conceptualised by Dweck (athlete talent mindset, A-TM) along with the athlete age at which they believe talent can be identified. We also looked at the age of talent identification in coaches of different A-TM. Using data collected as part of a survey conducted in Norway, the 3,830 participating coaches were men and women between 16 and 83 years of age. Overall, the coaches held a predominantly growth A-TM. However, older coaches, those not born in Norway, and coaches in athletics, gymnastics, and football were found to have a more fixed A-TM. Regarding their views about talent identification age, one fifth of the coaches believe that talent can be seen before 12 years of age, with football, gymnastics, and swimming coaches and those not born in Norway being more prone to detect talent at younger ages. Analyses also showed that the more fixed A-TM coaches believed that they could identify talented athletes at younger ages; however, not all of them reported such talent identification age views. These findings indicate that coaches’ A-TM and views regarding talent identification operate as two separate beliefs, which may be useful for understanding coaches’ early talent identification and development approaches.
Origin of the Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina: Flat-slab subduction and inherited structures
Authors: Liu Xiaowen , Currie Claire A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Sierras Pampeanas (27°–33°S) in South America are characterized by basementcored uplifts and shortening that occurs &gt;500 km from the nearest convergent margin. The deformation correlates spatially and temporally with an area of flat-slab subduction of the Nazca plate in the last 10 m.y. We use two-dimensional thermal-mechanical models to study the dynamics of Pampean flat-slab subduction and the origin of the Sierras Pampeanas. Models examine a geological time from ca. 12 Ma to present day, during which time the Juan Fernández Ridge subducted beneath South America. Models show that the buoyant ridge triggers slab flattening, resulting in regional continental compression through end loading at the plate margin. Deformation in the continental interior depends on the inherited structure of the continent, where surface uplifts and shortening are concentrated at preexisting weak zones. The inboard migration of deformation is controlled by surface topography caused by the buoyant ridge rather than basal shear from the growing flat slab. Deformation occurs prior to the passage of the ridge and is inhibited when the ridge is beneath the region owing to dynamic uplift.
Direct Uptake of Nutrition and Caffeine Study (DUNCS): biscuit based comparative study
Authors: Jones Ceri , Francis John 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To identify the time required to achieve optimal palatability of a cup of tea without risk of harm (oral scalding) using the resources available in a standard hospital staff room, and to identify the best accompanying biscuit for nutritional content, crunchiness, and integrity when dunking.

Design
Prospective, non-masked, biscuit based, comparative study.

Setting
Staff room in the surgery department of a UK hospital.

Participants
Four different varieties of round, non-chocolate biscuit: oat, digestive, rich tea, and shortie. A standardised cup of tea was determined on the basis of the investigators’ preference for colour and palatability and pragmatic tea making methods.

Main outcome measures
The main outcome was time to achieve a safe temperature for consumption of tea, and the best biscuit to pair with the tea on the basis of nutritional content, absorptive ability, crunchiness, and integrity after dunking. Biscuits were ranked first to last (according to scores 1-4), with penalty points given for adverse events such as scalds and breakability.

Results
Baseline data suggested that after adding 240 mL of freshly boiled water to an unwarmed mug containing a tea bag, the median temperature of a standard cup of tea was 82ºC (range 81-84ºC). Optimal palatability and agreed universal drinking temperature of 61ºC was achieved at 400 (range 360-420) seconds with 30 mL of cow’s milk and 370 (330-450) seconds with 40 mL of milk. The investigators considered tea colour preferable with 40 mL of milk.

Conclusion
Healthcare workers can safely consume a cup of tea after less than 10 minutes, especially if enjoyed with a biscuit. Making time for a cup of tea may help healthcare workers avoid their break point.
Relevance of prediction scores derived from the SARS-CoV-2 first wave, in the evolving UK COVID-19 second wave, for safe early discharge and mortality: a PREDICT COVID-19 UK prospective observational cohort study
Authors: Ghani Hakim , Navarra Alessio , Pyae Phyoe K , Mitchell Harry , Evans William , Cama Rigers , Shaw Michael , Critchlow Ben , Vaghela Tejal , Schechter Miriam , Nordin Nazril , Barlow Andrew , Vancheeswaran Rama 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveProspectively validate prognostication scores, SOARS and 4C Mortality Score, derived from the COVID-19 first wave, for mortality and safe early discharge in the evolving pandemic with SARS-CoV-2 variants (B.1.1.7 replacing D614) and healthcare responses altering patient demographic and mortality.DesignProtocol-based prospective observational cohort study.SettingSingle site PREDICT and multisite ISARIC (International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections Consortium) cohorts in UK COVID-19 second wave, October 2020 to January 2021.Participants1383 PREDICT and 20 595 ISARIC SARS-CoV-2 patients.Primary outcome measuresRelevance of SOARS and 4C Mortality Score determining in-hospital mortality and safe early discharge in the evolving UK COVID-19 second wave.Results1383 (median age 67 years, IQR 52–82; mortality 24.7%) PREDICT and 20 595 (mortality 19.4%) ISARIC patient cohorts showed SOARS had area under the curve (AUC) of 0.8 and 0.74, while 4C Mortality Score had AUC of 0.83 and 0.91 for hospital mortality, in the PREDICT and ISARIC cohorts respectively, therefore, effective in evaluating safe discharge and in-hospital mortality. 19.3% (231/1195, PREDICT cohort) and 16.7% (2550/14992, ISARIC cohort) with SOARS of 0–1 were candidates for safe discharge to a virtual hospital (VH) model. SOARS implementation in the VH pathway resulted in low readmission, 11.8% (27/229) and low mortality, 0.9% (2/229). Use to prevent admission is still suboptimal, as 8.1% in the PREDICT cohort and 9.5% in the ISARIC cohort were admitted despite SOARS score of 0–1.ConclusionsSOARS and 4C Mortality Score remains valid, transforming complex clinical presentations into tangible numbers, aiding objective decision making, despite SARS-CoV-2 variants and healthcare responses altering patient demographic and mortality. Both scores, easily implemented within urgent care pathways for safe early discharge, allocate hospital resources appropriately to the pandemic’s needs while enabling normal healthcare services resumption.
Staff experiences of diabetes care in residential care facilities for people with severe disabilities in Denmark: a mixed-methods assessment of access to screening for diabetes complications
Authors: Nexø Mette Andersen , Baumgarten Sofia Valeur , Willaing Ingrid , Olesen Kasper 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesTo identify the prevalence of diabetes among adults (>18 years) living in residential care facilities in Denmark and to identify the structural, practical, and individual barriers and drivers related to their participation in screening programmes.DesignSettingThe register-based study included all residents living in residential care facilities in Denmark. The survey and qualitative analysis were carried out exclusively in the Capital Region of Denmark.ParticipantsFor the register-based study, we identified 11 620 residents of care facilities in Denmark (>18 years) and identified the number of residents with diagnosis codes of type 1 or type 2 diabetes or dispensed prescriptions of blood glucose-lowering medication. Staff from 102 psychiatric facilities housing adults with severe psychiatric disabilities were invited to participate in the survey. Of these, 56 facilities participated with one responder each, of which n=16 also participated in follow-up qualitative interviews.ResultsRegister-based study: of the residents at the facilities, 954 (8%) were diagnosed with diabetes. Descriptive statistics of responses and results from content analysis of interviews were summarised in five themes that illuminated how a screening programme could be tailored to the care facilities: (1) characteristics of residents and care facilities, (2) the care needs of residents, (3) the way care was organised, (4) the specific barriers and drivers for participating in programmes, (5) number of hours and settings for screening programmes.ConclusionTo increase the participation of people living in psychiatric care facilities in screening programmes, future programmes should be tailored to the identified needs and barriers experienced by the residential care staff.
Approaches to enabling rapid evaluation of innovations in health and social care: a scoping review of evidence from high-income countries
Authors: Norman Gill , Mason Thomas , Dumville Jo C , Bower Peter , Wilson Paul , Cullum Nicky 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic increased the demand for rapid evaluation of innovation in health and social care. Assessment of rapid methodologies is lacking although challenges in ensuring rigour and effective use of resources are known. We mapped reports of rapid evaluations of health and social care innovations, categorised different approaches to rapid evaluation, explored comparative benefits of rapid evaluation, and identified knowledge gaps.DesignScoping review.Data sourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE and Health Management Information Consortium (HMIC) databases were searched through 13 September 2022.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesWe included publications reporting primary research or methods for rapid evaluation of interventions or services in health and social care in high-income countries.Data extraction and synthesisTwo reviewers developed and piloted a data extraction form. One reviewer extracted data, a second reviewer checked 10% of the studies; disagreements and uncertainty were resolved through consensus. We used narrative synthesis to map different approaches to conducting rapid evaluation.ResultsWe identified 16 759 records and included 162 which met inclusion criteria.We identified four main approaches for rapid evaluation: (1) Using methodology designed specifically for rapid evaluation; (2) Increasing rapidity by doing less or using less time-intensive methodology; (3) Using alternative technologies and/or data to increase speed of existing evaluation method; (4) Adapting part of non-rapid evaluation.The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an increase in publications and some limited changes in identified methods. We found little research comparing rapid and non-rapid evaluation.ConclusionsWe found a lack of clarity about what ‘rapid evaluation’ means but identified some useful preliminary categories. There is a need for clarity and consistency about what constitutes rapid evaluation; consistent terminology in reporting evaluations as rapid; development of specific methodologies for making evaluation more rapid; and assessment of advantages and disadvantages of rapid methodology in terms of rigour, cost and impact.
Real price of health-experiences of out-of-pocket costs in Australia: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Wang Shelley Ting-Li , Parkinson Anne , Butler Danielle , Law Hsei Di , Fanning Vanessa , Desborough Jane 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionAustralians have substantial out-of-pocket (OOP) health costs compared with other developed nations, even with universal health insurance coverage. This can significantly affect access to care and subsequent well-being, especially for priority populations including those on lower incomes or with multimorbidity and chronic illness. While it is known that high OOP healthcare costs may contribute to poorer health outcomes, it is not clear exactly how these expenses are experienced by people with chronic illnesses. Understanding this may provide critical insights into the burden of OOP costs among this population group and may highlight policy gaps.Method and analysisA systematic review of qualitative studies will be conducted using Pubmed, CINAHL Complete (EBSCO), Cochrane Library, PsycINFO (Ovid) and EconLit from date of inception to June 2022. Primary outcomes will include people’s experiences of OOP costs such as their preferences, priorities, trade-offs and other decision-making considerations. Study selection will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and methodological appraisal of included studies will be assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. A narrative synthesis will be conducted for all included studies.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was not required given this is a systematic review that does not include human recruitment or participation. The study’s findings will be disseminated through conferences and symposia and shared with consumers, policymakers and service providers, and published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022337538.
Management of Chlamydia Cases in Australia (MoCCA): protocol for a non-randomised implementation and feasibility trial
Authors: Goller Jane L , Coombe Jacqueline , Temple-Smith Meredith , Bittleston Helen , Sanci Lena , Guy Rebecca , Fairley Christopher , Regan David , Carvalho Natalie , Simpson Julie , Donovan Basil , Tomnay Jane , Chen Marcus Y , Estcourt Claudia , Roeske Lara , Hawkes David , Saville Marion , Hocking Jane S 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe sexually transmitted infection chlamydia can cause significant complications, particularly among people with female reproductive organs. Optimal management includes timely and appropriate treatment, notifying and treating sexual partners, timely retesting for reinfection and detecting complications including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). In Australia, mainstream primary care (general practice) is where most chlamydia infections are diagnosed, making it a key setting for optimising chlamydia management. High reinfection and low retesting rates suggest partner notification and retesting are not uniformly provided. The Management of Chlamydia Cases in Australia (MoCCA) study seeks to address gaps in chlamydia management in Australian general practice through implementing interventions shown to improve chlamydia management in specialist services. MoCCA will focus on improving retesting, partner management (including patient-delivered partner therapy) and PID diagnosis.Methods and analysisMoCCA is a non-randomised implementation and feasibility trial aiming to determine how best to implement interventions to support general practice in delivering best practice chlamydia management. Our method is guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and the Normalisation Process Theory. MoCCA interventions include a website, flow charts, fact sheets, mailed specimen kits and autofills to streamline chlamydia consultation documentation. We aim to recruit 20 general practices across three Australian states (Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland) through which we will implement the interventions over 12–18 months. Mixed methods involving qualitative and quantitative data collection and analyses (observation, interviews, surveys) from staff and patients will be undertaken to explore our intervention implementation, acceptability and uptake. Deidentified general practice and laboratory data will be used to measure pre-post chlamydia testing, retesting, reinfection and PID rates, and to estimate MoCCA intervention costs. Our findings will guide scale-up plans for Australian general practice.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was obtained from The University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee (Ethics ID: 22665). Findings will be disseminated via conference presentations, peer-reviewed publications and study reports.
Gliner vacuum, self-consistent theory of Ruppeiner geometry for regular black holes
Authors: Lan Chen , Miao Yan-Gang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the view of the Gliner vacuum, we remove the deformations in the first law of mechanics for regular black holes, where one part of deformations associated with black hole mass will be absorbed into enthalpy or internal energy, and the other part associated with parameters rather than mass will constitute a natural V–P term. The improved first law of mechanics redisplays its resemblance to the first law of thermodynamic systems, which implies a restored correspondence of the mechanic variables to the thermodynamic ones. In particular, the linear relation between the entropy and horizon area remains unchanged for regular black holes. Based on the modified first law of thermodynamics, we establish a self-consistent theory of Ruppeiner geometry and obtain a universal attractive property for the microstructure of regular black holes. In addition, the repulsive and attractive interactions inside and outside regular black holes are analyzed in detail.
Testing time-delayed cosmology
Authors: Palpal-latoc C. J. , Bernardo Reginald Christian , Vega Ian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInspired by nonlocal gravity theories, time-delayed cosmology proposes a delayed Friedmann equation that generically predicts an inflationary period with a natural end. The key parameter of this proposal is a time delay that is presumed to be very small in order for the model to evade potential astrophysical constraints. This work subjects this small-delay assumption to a test. We address the question of just how large a time delay can be accommodated within our current cosmological data. In order to do so, we do not restrict the model to the inflationary era and consider its possible operation in the late Universe as well, with an eye for any smoking-gun features that may indicate the presence of a time delay. We study the background evolution predicted by the delayed Friedmann equation and determine the growth of Newtonian perturbations in this delayed background. We show that a surprisingly large late-time cosmic delay is statistically consistent with Hubble expansion rate and growth data. Based on these observables, we also find that the standard $$\varLambda $$
Λ
CDM model has no advantage over time-delayed cosmology in terms of the Bayes factor.
Learning to cluster urban areas: two competitive approaches and an empirical validation
Authors: Vera Camila , Lucchini Francesca , Bro Naim , Mendoza Marcelo , Löbel Hans , Gutiérrez Felipe , Dimter Jan , Cuchacovic Gabriel , Reyes Axel , Valdivieso Hernán , Alvarado Nicolás , Toro Sergio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUrban clustering detects geographical units that are internally homogeneous and distinct from their surroundings. It has applications in urban planning, but few studies compare the effectiveness of different methods. We study two techniques that represent two families of urban clustering algorithms: Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs), which operate on spatially distributed data, and Deep Modularity Networks (DMONs), which work on attributed graphs of proximal nodes. To explore the strengths and limitations of these techniques, we studied their parametric sensitivity under different conditions, considering the spatial resolution, granularity of representation, and the number of descriptive attributes, among other relevant factors. To validate the methods, we asked residents of Santiago, Chile, to respond to a survey comparing city clustering solutions produced using the different methods. Our study shows that DMON is slightly preferred over GMM and that social features seem to be the most important ones to cluster urban areas.
Barrow entropic quintessence and dilation dark energy models with generalized HDE cut-off
Authors: Garg Priyanka , Bhardwaj Vinod Kumar , Pradhan Anirudh 
Published: December 2022

In this work, we have analyzed the behaviors of extension of generalized Barrow holographic dark energy (BHDE). A “generalized BHDE model based on the particle and the future horizon using infrared cut-off” was proposed by [Nojiri et al. Phys. Lett. B 825, 136844 (2022)]. In this work, we have reviewed the generalized BHDE extension under the assumption of a generalized HDE cut-off. Using a scale factor of the form [Formula: see text], the dynamics of the cosmos have been discussed through graphic demonstration. By applying the “open-source emcee Python package”, the values of the free parameters [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are estimated on 57 OHD points by the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique. We have examined the behavior of the equation of state (EoS) parameter, [Formula: see text] and dark energy density [Formula: see text]. We have also discussed the equivalence of holographic dark energy (DE) with the Barrow entropic DE and its extension. Also, we have explained quintessence and dilation DE models in the context of Barrow entropic DE.