bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapy for bone metastasis from different cancers ⁎
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Tan Peng , Mi Baoguo , Song Chao , Deng Yi , Guan Hanfeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The bone is the most common target organ of cancer metastasis. Bone metastasis leads to considerable morbidity due to skeletal-related events (SREs). These include bone pain, hypercalcemia, pathologic fractures, and compression of the spinal cord. Cancers such as those of the lung, breast, prostate, and kidney are more likely to cause SREs than other cancer types. Additionally, some blood cancers, including multiple myeloma and lymphoma, frequently cause SREs. In this article, we review the conventional therapies for metastatic bone disease, including drug therapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Among osteoclast-targeting agents, bisphosphonates and nuclear factor kappa-B ligand inhibitors are the most widely used agents to prevent cancer-related bone loss. Unsealed radioisotopes are also considered promising in cancer therapy. Currently, iodine-131, strontium-89, and radium-223 are available for the treatment of bone metastasis. However, the treatments for blood cancers with SREs are different from those of other cancers. In those cases, new classes of agents including proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies, and histone deacetylase inhibitors have shown remarkable efficacy. We also discuss the potential development of new therapies for these diseases.
Extramedullary skeletal muscle metastasis of glioblastoma: A case report and literature review ⁎
Authors: Wang Li , Li Rongqing , Feng Xudong , Song Shuling , Zhang Yong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to explore the clinicopathologic, immunophenotypic, and diagnostic features of extramedullary metastases of glioblastoma.

Methods
One case of extramedullary skeletal muscle metastasis of glioblastoma was studied, including the clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical features.

Results
A 24-year-old man underwent surgical resection for glioblastoma (WHO grade IV) in the left temporal parietal region followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide therapy. One year and nine months later, he developed an extramedullary skeletal muscle metastasis in L4, and the histology was remarkably different from that of the primary glioblastoma specimen. The immunohistochemical analysis also showed changes. In the metastasis, the small cells were negative for GFAP; weakly positive for S-100; and positive for nestin, NSE, and CD56, with 60% of cells positive for p53 and 40% positive for Ki-67. The giant cells showed strong positivity for GFAP and S-100, and weak expression of p53, Ki-67, nestin, NSE, and CD56. The primary glioblastoma specimen showed strong positivity for GFAP and S-100 and was negative for NSE, nestin, and CD56, with around 25% of the tumor cells positive for p53 and a Ki-67 labeling index of 20%.

Conclusion
Extraneural metastasis (ENM) is a rare complication of glial tumors and glioma stem cells may be related to the metastasis. Since extraneural metastasis may occur in patients without central nervous symptoms, any unusual signs during the follow-up of patients diagnosed with glioblastoma should not be underestimated.
Anticancer effect and enhanced chemotherapy potential of resveratrol in human pancreatic cancer cell lines ⁎
Authors: Chen Sumei , Zhang Ke , Chen Yuanyuan , Zheng Ruzhen , Zhao Penjun , Zhu Jianwei , Wu Shuming , Deng Qinghua , Ma Shenglin , Xiong Guangsu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveGemcitabine, the only approved drug for the treatment of pancreatic cancer, is not very effective. Novel and effective cancer chemopreventive agents are urgently needed. Recently, emerging studies determined resveratrol possessed anticancer effects on various cancer cells. We explored the anticancer effect of resveratrol in pancreatic cancer cells and investigated the involved moleculars of action. We also examined whether resveratrol enhanced antitumor activity of gemcitabinein vitro.MethodsProliferation inhibition was assessed by cell count kit-8 assay. Cell cycle phase distribution and apoptotic cells were measured by flow cytometric analysis. We determined the expression of bcl-2, cyclinD1, and activation of caspases-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase1 proteins used Western blot analysis.ResultsResveratrol inhibited the proliferation of three pancreatic cancer cell lines in a dose dependent fashion, and induced accumulation of cells at the G1 phase as well as apoptosis. Our data also demonstrated that resveratrol enhanced gemcitabine-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. In addition, resveratrol inhibited the expression of cyclinD1, bcl-2, and induced activation of caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase1.ConclusionOur results suggested that resveratrol might be not only a potential regimen, but also an effective chemosensitizer for the chemotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
Clinical efficacy of total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Wang Wenbin , Xing Zhongqiang , Lv Haitao , Yan Changqing , Zhang Jiansheng , Wang Tianyang , Liu Jianhua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy.

Methods
The clinical data of 28 patients who underwent total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from August 2015 to May 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. The surgical indications and method of performing total threedimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy were similar to those of the patients who underwent two-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy. All of the patients were followed up via outpatient reviews and telephone interviews through September 2016.

Results
In all 28 cases, total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy was successfully performed with no conversion to laparotomy, intraoperative complications, or perioperative death. The mean operative time was 406 min (200-520 min) with a mean blood loss of 528 mL (200-1500 mL), a mean number of dissected lymph nodes of 11 (6-16), a mean postoperative anus exhaust time of 4.4 d (2-8 d), and a mean length of stay of 16.9 d (9-23 d). There was a postoperative pancreatic fistula in 4 out of the 28 cases, with 3 cases of grade A and 1 case of grade B. Postoperatively, one patient with early-stage intra-abdominal hemorrhage improved after conservative symptomatic treatment, and two patients with gastroplegia were cured with conservative treatment. No complications occurred in the other patients. All of the cases underwent R0 resection with a negative surgical margin. All of the 28 patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months, with a median follow-up period of 9.2 months. During the follow-up period, there were no postoperative complications related to the procedures and no deaths; tumor recurrence was identified 9 months after the procedure using positron emission computed tomography (PECT) in one patient with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Conclusion
Total three-dimensional laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy is safe and feasible for the treatment of periampullary carcinoma, with the advantage of favorable short-term outcomes.
The application of the robotic surgical system in pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Peng Chenghong , Li Hua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Owing to the operative complexity, the application of minimally invasive surgery to pancreatic procedures has been delayed. However, with advances in technique, and since the introduction of robotic systems in particular, pancreatic minimally invasive surgery has made much progress. Laparoscopic and robotic technology has been widely adopted. The safety and feasibility of minimally invasive procedures for pancreaticoduodenectomy have been confirmed in many reports. However, even with these advantages, laparoscopic and robotic surgery cannot completely replace laparotomy. Pancreatic surgeons need to master these three operative methods to be able to handle complicated clinical situations.
Gastric molecular classification and practice in immunotherapy
Authors: Song Gang , Shen Lin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy with a high incidence worldwide; the prevalence of GC is relatively higher in China than in other countries. Treatment of advanced GC has been slow to develop due to lack of a proper classification system to guide clinical practice. With the development of molecular biology techniques, the molecular classification of GC has been established and may have applications in guiding precise and personalized therapy. To date, three or four molecular classifications for GC have been recognized; these include Singapore, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Research Network, and Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) classifications. Here, we review the development of molecular classifications and characteristics of different subtypes, and discuss the applications of molecular classifications in clinical practice, with a focus on immunotherapy.
Ultrasonographic features of breast ductal carcinoma in situ ⁎
Authors: Wang Liping , Deng Youbin , Cui Xinwu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aims of this study were to analyze ultrasound features of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and to evaluate the value of ultrasonography (US) in early diagnosis of DCIS.

Methods
From July 2013 to March 2015, 180 patients with histologically proven DCIS were evaluated. US features recorded included the size, shape, margins, internal echogenicity, microcalcifications, posterior echogenicity, and blood supply. The data were analyzed and compared with mammographic and histologic findings.

Results
Among 180 cases of DCIS, 168 patients had positive findings on US; the lesions were divided into 3 categories: (1) hypoechoic lesions with or without microcalcifications (n=94); (2) hypoechoic dilated ducts with or without microcalcifications (n=59); (3) microcalcifications alone without any other findings (n=15). Of the 180 lesions, microcalcifications were demonstrated by mammography in 128 (71%); among these 128 lesions, 90 were identified with microcalcifications on US. Only 80 cases (44%) manifested as masses or asymmetric densities on mammography. The diagnostic accuracy of US and mammography was 67% (120/180) and 69% (124/180), respectively, which can be improved to 80% (144/180) if US is combined with mammography.

Conclusion
US can be used as an important tool in diagnosis of DCIS. The combination of US and mammography can improve the diagnostic accuracy of breast DCIS.
Icotinib, an EGFR-TKI, for the treatment of brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Qunhui , Zheng Hua , Hu Ying , Lu Baohua , Hu Fanbin , Zhang Hongmei , Li Baolan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Treatment of brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a challenge because of the poor prognosis. Icotinib is a new type of oral epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) used in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of icotinib in NSCLC patients with brain metastasis.

Methods
This study reviewed records of 51 NSCLC patients with brain metastases who took icotinib 125 mg, 3 times a day. Response rate, progression free survival, and overall survival were analyzed. SPSS software version 17.0 was used for univariate analysis, and Cox regression analysis to analyze factors affecting survival.

Results
Thirty-six cases had partial response, 6 cases had stable disease, and 10 cases had progressive disease. In 31 cases, EGFR gene mutation test were performed. EGFR was mutated in 26 cases and was with wild-type in 5 cases. In patients with EGFR mutations, 23 patients responded to icotinib [the disease control rate (DCR) was 88.5%], significantly higher than in patients with wild-type EGFR (1 patient, DCR 20%) (P = 0.005). The overall median progression-free survival (PFS) was 7.6 months. PFS was longer in the patients with EGFR mutations than in those with wild type EGFR (7.8 months vs 1.2 months, P = 0.03). The overall median overall survival (OS) time was 10.7 months. OS was longer in patients with EGFR mutations than in those with wild type EGFR (15.1 months vs 6.7 months, P = 0.003). The main side effects of the treatment were skin rash and diarrhea; no stage 3 or 4 toxic effects occurred. Univariate analysis demonstrated that OS was related to sex, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), smoking history, and EGFR mutation. Multivariate analysis showed that OS was independently related to sex, ECOG PS, and EGFR mutations.

Conclusion
Icotinib has a favorable effect on NSCLC patients with brain metastases harboring EGFR mutations. Icotinib can be a new choice of treatment for brain metastases in patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations.
Retroperitoneal hyaline-vascular variant Castleman Disease in a patient with iron-deficiency anemia and sinus bradycardia: a case report
Authors: Ma Chunyang , Guo Xingjun , Zhu Feng , Ren Yuqi , Wang Hebin , Wang Min , Qin Renyi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Castleman disease, also known as giant lymph node hyperplasia, involves lesions in the lymph nodes usually located in the chest_ENREF_1, particularly in the mediastinum. Meanwhile, sinus bradycardia is a sinus rhythm slower than 60 beats per min, and it can occur in both healthy and sick individuals. However, the comorbidity of these two disorders has not been previously reported. In this paper, we report a case of a 46-year-old woman who presented with persistent sinus bradycardia and irondeficiency anemia. Diagnostic work-up revealed hepatosplenomegaly and a giant mass near the splenic hilum. The mass was removed surgically; after which, the patient’s bradycardia resolved immediately, while her anemia was corrected after subsequent chemotherapy. Pathological examination revealed lymph nodes with benign lesions, and the patient was diagnosed with hyaline-vascular variant of Castleman disease. This is the first documented case of sinus bradycardia associated with Castleman disease. In this paper, we describe the case characteristics, discuss the possible pathogenesis, and consider the appropriate treatment of symptomatic sinus bradycardia accompanying Castleman disease.
IGIACP1 predicts the prognosis in multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Meng Xiangyu , Liu Xiaoping , Li Chunrui , Fang Cheng , He Li 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic relevance of acid phosphatase 1 (ACP1) expression in myeloma patients by using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets.

Methods
A comprehensive search was performed in the GEO database in order to find appropriate datasets. The expression level of ACP1 was extracted from the dataset involving both newly diagnosed and relapsed myeloma patients, and a comparison was made. Clinical follow-up data and ACP1 expression were extracted, and survival analysis of overall survival was performed to compare the high- (top quartile) and low-expression (bottom quartile) groups. Analyses using Kaplan-Meier estimation, log-rank test, and restricted mean survival time (RMST) comparison were performed.

Results
The GSE 6477 dataset was used to make a comparison of the ACP1 expression levels among patients with newly diagnosed and relapsed myeloma. The ACP1 expression level was significantly higher in the relapsed group than in the newly diagnosed group [mean difference = -262.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = (-420.2, -105.5), P = 0.002]. The GSE 2658 dataset was used for investigating the prognostic relevance of ACP1 expression in myeloma. The ACP1 high-expression group had a significantly worse prognosis [low vs high: hazard ratio = 0.54, 95% CI = (0.31, 0.95); χ2 = 5.02, log rank P = 0.0314]. The median survival was 55.9 months in the high-expression group and was not reached in the low-expression group. The restricted mean time loss (95% CI) was 11.03 (12.97, 23.11) and 18.04 (12.97, 23.11) for the low- and high-expression groups, respectively. The ratio of RMST (95% CI) between the two groups (high vs low) was 0.87 (0.77, 0.99; P = 0.03).

Conclusion
Our study, for the first time, showed that ACP1 predicts the prognosis in multiple myeloma patients. Further studies are needed to determine the potential mechanism by which ACP1 is associated with clinical outcomes and should focus on the differential roles of low-molecular-weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMWPTP) isoforms.
Selective partial salivary glands sparing during intensity-modulated radiation therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma ⁎
Authors: Yuan Guangjin , Li Qianwen , Chen Shixian , Zheng Chengwei , Tang Jiang , Hu Jiang , Xu Ximing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated the dosimetric consequences of selective partial salivary gland sparing during intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).MethodsTen patients with NPC were enrolled in the study. Two IMRT plans were produced for each patient: conventional (control) and partial salivary glands-sparing (treatment), with dose constraints to the entire parotid glands or partial salivary glands (including the parotid and submandibular glands, delineated with the adjacent distance of at least 0.5 cm between the glands and PTV, the planning target volume) in planning, respectively. Dosimetric parameters were compared between the two plans, including the V110%, V100%, V95%(the volume covered by more than 110%, 100%, or 95% of the prescribed dose), Dmin(the minimum dose) of PTV, homogeneity index (HI), conformity index (CI), and the mean dose and percentage of the volume receiving 30 Gy or more (V30) for the parotid glands and submandibular glands.ResultsTreatment plans had significantly lower mean doses and V30 to both the entire parotid glands and partial parotid glands than those in control plans. The mean doses to the partial submandibular glands were also significantly lower in treatment plans than in control plans. The PTV coverage was comparable between the two plans, as indicated by V100%, V95%, Dmin, CI, and HI. The doses to critical structures, including brainstem and spinal cord, were slightly but not significantly higher in treatment plans than in control plans.ConclusionA selective partial salivary gland-sparing approach reduces the doses to parotid and submandibular glands during IMRT, which may decrease the risk of post-radiation xerostomia while not compromising target dose coverage in patients with NPC.
Is EGFR gene mutation testing necessary in smokers with non-small cell lung cancer?
Authors: Zhu Jianfei , Yuan Jinyan , Dou Yawei , Tian Wei , Li Shudong , Wang Hongtao , Li Zhe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivePrevious studies have proven that cumulative smoking dose predicts the prevalence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between smoking-related factors andEGFRmutation status.MethodsSamples were collected from 195 smokers with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent surgical resection and the presence ofEGFRmutations (exons 19 and 21) were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).ResultsEGFRgene mutations were present in 33 (16.9%) patients who were smokers; the patients were divided into three groups according to the smoking index (SI). The incidence ofEGFRmutations decreased from 38.9% in mild smokers to 8.1% in severe smokers (P= 0.001). Compared to daily smoking dose (P= 0.547), initial smoking age (P= 0.085) and duration of smoking history had a larger effect onEGFRmutation status (P= 0.002).ConclusionAlthough there is a decrease in the incidence of mutations with increasing SI, there were still around 17% of smokers with NSCLC that harboredEGFRmutations, so it is necessary to test forEGFRmutation status in smokers with NSCLC.
Effect of low dose fractionated radiation on reversing cisplatin resistance in ovarian carcinoma via VEGF and mTOR ⁎
Authors: Ju Xingyan , liu Shihai , Liang Donghai , Jiang Tao , Yuan Ronghui , Zhao Wei , Yu Hongsheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the mechanism of low-dose fractionated radiation on reversing cisplatin resistance in ovarian carcinoma via vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in vivo.

Methods
Human cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma cells (SKOV3/DDP) were injected into nude mice to establish ovarian cancer xenografts. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, a low-dose fractionated radiation (LDRFT) group, and a conventional-dose radiation group. Each group was exposed to 0 cGy, 50 cGy, and 200 cGy radiation, respectively, for 4 weeks, up to a total of 8.0 Gy. Mice in the LDFRT group were irradiated twice daily with 6 hour intermissions on day 1 and 2 of every week for a total of 4 weeks. Conventional-dose group mice were given a single 200 cGy radiation dose on the first day each week for a total of 4 weeks. Maximum horizontal and vertical diameters of the tumors were measured every other day and used to create a tumor growth curve. After 4 weeks of irradiation, we dissected the tumor tissue and calculated the tumor inhibition rate. RT-PCR detected the expression of VEGF and mTOR, and Western blots detected the expression of corresponding proteins.

Results
Both LDRFT and conventional-dose radiation inhibited the growth of tumor cells, and growth of tumors in the two radiation groups compared with growth in the control group were significantly different (P < 0.05). The rate of tumor inhibition in the LDFRT group (37.5603%) was lower than in the conventionaldose group (47.4446%), but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). Compared with the other two groups, the mRNA expression of VEGF was significantly lower in the LDFRT group (P < 0.05), but there was no obvious difference between the conventional-dose and control groups. There was no obvious difference in the mRNA expression of mTOR among the three groups, but the expression of the protein p-mTOR was lower in the LDFRT group (P < 0.05), as confirmed by Western blotting.

Conclusion
LDFRT is as effective at inhibiting the growth of tumor cells as conventional-dose radiation. In addition, LDFRT could deregulate the expression of VEGF and p-mTOR, and may therefore play a vital role in reversing cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer.