bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of Stegelletina salinaria Abolafia & Peña-Santiago, 2003 (Rhabditida, Cephalobidae) from Spain and South Africa including the first molecular study of the species
Authors: Abolafia Joaquín , Robles María-Cristina , Ruiz-Cuenca Alba N. , Shokoohi Ebrahim 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Stegelletina salinaria is redescribed from Spain and South Africa. Spanish material was collected in sandy soil from the type locality and a nearby area, while one population collected in compost was examined from South Africa. The species is characterised by its small size (0.27-0.41 mm), lateral field with three incisures, lip region with three pairs of dentate lips bearing four tines each, primary axils bearing a large guarding process, secondary axils lacking guarding processes, nerve ring and secretory-excretory pore at isthmus level, spermatheca and post-vulval uterine sac poorly developed, female tail conoid with rounded hyaline terminus and males unknown. The description, light micrographs and scanning electron microscope images, illustrations and molecular analyses are provided. 18S and 28S rDNA sequence analyses show that the isolates of S. salinaria from Spain and South Africa are closely related to each other and to other species of Stegelletina, while also indicating a close relationship with some species of Nothacrobeles, Scottnema and Stegelleta (28S tree) and Zeldia (18S tree).
Detection and identification of Devibursaphelenchus minor sp. n. isolated in the bark from the USA
Authors: Gu Jianfeng , Ma Xinxin 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Bark in an empty container from the USA was inspected in Ningbo port, China, and a Devibursaphelenchus population was detected. It was processed and identified as Devibursaphelenchus minor sp. n. The new species is characterised by the lateral field with three incisures, female stylet tripartite, 13.9 (12.7-14.6) μm long without basal thickenings, secretory-excretory pore at the same level as nerve ring or slightly posterior, vagina not sclerotised, vulval lips slightly protruding and vulval flap absent. Post-vulval uterine sac (PUS) not well developed, very short and obscure, extending for half vulval body diam. long, anus and rectum indistinct or absent. Posterior body region conical elongated, gradually narrowing, slightly ventrally curved, ending with a bluntly pointed terminus. Male rare, the spicules are arcuate, separate, 8.2 μm along the chord line, with well-developed condylus, triangular rostrum with finely rounded tip, cucullus or apophysis absent. Tail conical, dorsally convex, ventrally slightly concave with bluntly pointed terminus, ventral bursa not confirmed. Two pairs of genital papillae present. It differs from all other species in this genus by extremely short body length of females and males. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based upon rRNA D2-D3 sequences confirmed it as a new species.
Judeo-Spanish Proverbs from Bosnia: Compilers and Their Approaches
Authors: Jovanović Željko 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article deals with four unpublished Judeo-Spanish proverb collections from post-Holocaust Bosnia that were gathered there by four different members of the Sephardic community: three men (Binjo Samokovlija, David Baruh, and Jakov Konforti) and one woman (Flora Eškenazi). I specifically examine two working techniques that these authors/collectors applied in order to safeguard and disseminate this important aspect of Sephardic oral tradition—namely, translating proverbs from Ladino to Serbo-Croatian; and the use of glosses. I argue that the choice of both techniques was conditioned by the audience for whom these proverbs were intended: translating proverbs to Serbo-Croatian aimed at accommodating the needs of the general readership in the country, while the introduction of glosses those of the Ladino-speaking Sephardim. I also examine the issue of interpreting proverbs once they appear decontextualized.
Tropical Cyclone Tilt and Precession in Moderate Shear: Precession Hiatus in a Critical Shear Regime
Authors: Yu Chau-Lam , Tang Brian , Fovell Robert G. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
One source of uncertainty associated with vertical wind shear (VWS) on tropical cyclone (TC) intensity evolution arises when the VWS becomes sufficiently strong such that the TC vortex is unable to overcome the inhibiting effects of VWS (the critical shear regime), resulting in a transition from vortex realignment and eventual reintensification to persistent vortex misalignment and failure of reintensification. To uncover the initiation mechanism of the behavioral transition, this study examines the dynamical evolution of the vortex tilt and precession through a set of CM1 ensemble simulations in moderate shear (7.5 m s−1) that includes the behavioral transition by systematically enhancing the TC vorticity amplitude aloft (vortex resiliency) at a restart point. In this critical shear regime, all experiments exhibit a common precession hiatus behavior, during which the tilt magnitude increases and later leads to divergent outcomes in intensity and tilt evolutions. Volume-averaged horizontal vorticity budget reveals an anomalous differential vorticity flux that emerges in the downtilt-left quadrant during the hiatus period. This differential vorticity flux generates horizontal vorticity that points toward the downtilt-right direction, simultaneously increasing the vortex tilt and slowing down the precession rate. This downtilt-left differential vorticity flux is due to midlevel vortex stretching at the rainband terminus region, where there is a transition from convective to stratiform precipitation. Meanwhile, the downdraft associated with stratiform precipitation also causes vorticity compression at the low levels. These results indicate that the stratiform rainband region is important for increasing the vortex tilt and pausing the precession.
Dabrafenib, alone or in combination with trametinib, in BRAF V600–mutated pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Authors: Whitlock James A. , Geoerger Birgit , Dunkel Ira J. , Roughton Michael , Choi Jeea , Osterloh Lisa , Russo Mark , Hargrave Darren 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare, heterogenous, neoplastic disorder primarily affecting children. BRAF mutations have been reported in &gt;50% of patients with LCH. The selective BRAF inhibitor, dabrafenib, in combination with the MEK1/2 inhibitor, trametinib, has been approved in select BRAF V600–mutant solid tumors. Two open-label phase 1/2 studies were conducted in pediatric patients with BRAF V600–mutant, recurrent/refractory malignancies treated with dabrafenib monotherapy (CDRB436A2102; NCT01677741) or dabrafenib plus trametinib (CTMT212X2101; NCT02124772). The primary objectives of both studies were to determine safe and tolerable doses that achieve similar exposure to the approved doses for adults. Secondary objectives included safety, tolerability, and preliminary antitumor activity. Thirteen and 12 patients with BRAF V600–mutant LCH received dabrafenib monotherapy and in combination with trametinib, respectively. Investigator-assessed objective response rates per Histiocyte Society criteria were 76.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46.2-95.0) and 58.3% (95% CI, 27.7-84.8) in the monotherapy and combination studies, respectively. More than 90% of responses were ongoing at study completion. The most common treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were vomiting and increased blood creatinine with monotherapy and pyrexia, diarrhea, dry skin, decreased neutrophil count, and vomiting with combination therapy. Two patients each discontinued treatment with monotherapy and combination therapy because of AEs. Overall, dabrafenib monotherapy or in combination with trametinib demonstrated clinical efficacy and manageable toxicity in relapsed/refractory BRAF V600–mutant pediatric LCH, with most responses ongoing. Safety was consistent with that reported in other pediatric and adult conditions treated with dabrafenib plus trametinib.
A single F153Sβ3 mutation causes constitutive integrin αIIbβ3 activation in a variant form of Glanzmann thrombasthenia
Authors: Koukouritaki Sevasti B. , Thinn Aye Myat M. , Ashworth Katrina J. , Fang Juan , Slater Haley S. , Du Lily M. , Nguyen Huong Thi Thu , Pillois Xavier , Nurden Alan T. , Ng Christopher J. , Di Paola Jorge , Zhu Jieqing , Wilcox David A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This report identifies a novel variant form of the inherited bleeding disorder Glanzmann thrombasthenia, exhibiting only mild bleeding in a physically active individual. The platelets cannot aggregate ex vivo with physiologic agonists of activation, although microfluidic analysis with whole blood displays moderate ex vivo platelet adhesion and aggregation consistent with mild bleeding. Immunocytometry shows reduced expression of αIIbβ3 on quiescent platelets that spontaneously bind/store fibrinogen, and activation-dependent antibodies (ligand-induced binding site–319.4 and PAC-1) report β3 extension suggesting an intrinsic activation phenotype. Genetic analysis reveals a single F153Sβ3 substitution within the βI-domain from a heterozygous T556C nucleotide substitution of ITGB3 exon 4 in conjunction with a previously reported IVS5(+1)G&gt;A splice site mutation with undetectable platelet messenger RNA accounting for hemizygous expression of S153β3. F153 is completely conserved among β3 of several species and all human β-integrin subunits suggesting that it may play a vital role in integrin structure/function. Mutagenesis of αIIb-F153Sβ3 also displays reduced levels of a constitutively activated αIIb-S153β3 on HEK293T cells. The overall structural analysis suggests that a bulky aromatic, nonpolar amino acid (F,W)153β3 is critical for maintaining the resting conformation of α2- and α1-helices of the βI-domain because small amino acid substitutions (S,A) facilitate an unhindered inward movement of the α2- and α1-helices of the βI-domain toward the constitutively active αIIbβ3 conformation, while a bulky aromatic, polar amino acid (Y) hinders such movements and restrains αIIbβ3 activation. The data collectively demonstrate that disruption of F153β3 can significantly alter normal integrin/platelet function, although reduced expression of αIIb-S153β3 may be compensated by a hyperactive conformation that promotes viable hemostasis.
Cyclic tensile force modifies calvarial osteoblast function via the interplay between ERK1/2 and STAT3
Authors: Xiao Xiaoyue , Zou Shujuan , Chen Jianwei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Mechanical therapies, such as distraction osteogenesis, are widely used in dental clinics. During this process, the mechanisms by which tensile force triggers bone formation remain of interest. Herein, we investigated the influence of cyclic tensile stress on osteoblasts and identified the involvement of ERK1/2 and STAT3.

Materials and methods
Rat clavarial osteoblasts were subjected to tensile loading (10% elongation, 0.5 Hz) for different time periods. RNA and protein levels of osteogenic markers were determined using qPCR and western blot after inhibition of ERK1/2 and STAT3. ALP activity and ARS staining revealed osteoblast mineralization capacity. The interaction between ERK1/2 and STAT3 was investigated by immunofluorescence, western blot, and Co-IP.

Results
The results showed that tensile loading significantly promoted osteogenesis-related genes, proteins and mineralized nodules. In loading-induced osteoblasts, inhibition of ERK1/2 or STAT3 decreased osteogenesis-related biomarkers significantly. Moreover, ERK1/2 inhibition suppressed STAT3 phosphorylation, and STAT3 inhibition disrupted the nuclear translocation of pERK1/2 induced by tensile loading. In the non-loading environment, inhibition of ERK1/2 hindered osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, while STAT3 phosphorylation was elevated after ERK1/2 inhibition. STAT3 inhibition also increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation, but did not significantly affect osteogenesis-related factors.

Conclusion
Taken together, these data suggested that ERK1/2 and STAT3 interacted in osteoblasts. ERK1/2-STAT3 were sequentially activated by tensile force loading, and both affected osteogenesis during the process.
A cross-sectional study of relationships between social risks and prevalence and severity of pediatric chronic conditions
Authors: Brochier Annelise , Messmer Emily , Wexler Mikayla Gordon , Rogers Stephen , Cottrell Erika , Tripodis Yorghos , Garg Arvin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To examine the differential relationships between seven social risk factors (individually and cumulatively) with the prevalence and severity of asthma, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and overweight/obesity in children.

Methods
Using the 2017–2018 National Survey of Children's Health, we examined associations between social risk factors (caregiver education, caregiver underemployment, discrimination, food insecurity, insurance coverage, neighborhood support, and neighborhood safety) and the prevalence and severity of asthma, ADHD, ASD, and overweight/obesity. We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the relationship between individual and cumulative risk factors with each pediatric chronic condition, controlling for child sex and age.

Results
Although each social risk factor was significantly associated with increased prevalence and/or severity of at least one of the pediatric chronic conditions we investigated, food insecurity was significantly associated with higher disease prevalence and severity for all four conditions. Caregiver underemployment, low social support, and discrimination were significantly associated with higher disease prevalence across all conditions. For each additional social risk factor a child was exposed to, their odds of having each condition increased: overweight/obesity (aOR: 1.2, 95% CI: [1.2, 1.3]), asthma (aOR: 1.3, 95% CI: [1.2, 1.3], ADHD (aOR: 1.2, 95% CI: [1.2, 1.3]), and ASD (aOR: 1.4, 95% CI: [1.3, 1.5]).

Conclusions
This study elucidates differential relationships between several social risk factors and the prevalence and severity of common pediatric chronic conditions. While more research is needed, our results suggest that social risks, particularly food insecurity, are potential factors in the development of pediatric chronic conditions.
Birth weight and gestational age distributions in a rural Kenyan population
Authors: Bucher Sherri , Nowak Kayla , Otieno Kevin , Tenge Constance , Marete Irene , Rutto Faith , Kemboi Millsort , Achieng Emmah , Ekhaguere Osayame A. , Nyongesa Paul , Esamai Fabian O. , Liechty Edward A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
With the increased availability of access to prenatal ultrasound in low/middle-income countries, there is opportunity to better characterize the association between fetal growth and birth weight across global settings. This is important, as fetal growth curves and birthweight charts are often used as proxy health indicators. As part of a randomized control trial, in which ultrasonography was utilized to establish accurate gestational age of pregnancies, we explored the association between gestational age and birthweight among a cohort in Western Kenya, then compared our results to data reported by the INTERGROWTH-21st study.

Methods
This study was conducted in 8 geographical clusters across 3 counties in Western Kenya. Eligible subjects were nulliparous women carrying singleton pregnancies. An early ultrasound was performed between 6 + 0/7 and 13 + 6/7 weeks gestational age. At birth, infants were weighed on platform scales provided either by the study team (community births), or the Government of Kenya (public health facilities). The 10th, 25th, median, 75th, and 90th BW percentiles for 36 to 42 weeks gestation were determined; resulting percentile points were plotted, and curves determined using a cubic spline technique. A signed rank test was used to quantify the comparison of the percentiles generated in the rural Kenyan sample with those of the INTERGROWTH-21st study.

Results
A total of 1291 infants (of 1408 pregnant women randomized) were included. Ninety-three infants did not have a measured birth weight. The majority of these were due to miscarriage (n = 49) or stillbirth (n = 27). No significant differences were found between subjects who were lost to follow-up. Signed rank comparisons of the observed median of the Western Kenya data at 10th, 50th, and 90th birthweight percentiles, as compared to medians reported in the INTERGROWTH-21st distributions, revealed close alignment between the two datasets, with significant differences at 36 and 37 weeks. Limitations of the current study include small sample size, and detection of potential digit preference bias.

Conclusions
A comparison of birthweight percentiles by gestational age estimation, among a sample of infants from rural Kenya, revealed slight differences as compared to those from the global population (INTERGROWTH-21st).

Trial registration
This is a single site sub-study of data collected in conjunction with the Aspirin Supplementation for Pregnancy Indicated Risk Reduction In Nulliparas (ASPIRIN) Trial, which is listed at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02409680 (07/04/2015).
Efforts to address the Sustainable Development Goals in older populations: a scoping review
Authors: Shevelkova Vlada , Mattocks Calum , Lafortune Louise 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The United Nations Decade of Healthy Ageing (2021–2030) seeks to create multisectoral changes that align healthy ageing with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Given that the SDGs have completed their first five years, the objective of this scoping review was to summarise any efforts launched to directly address the SDGs in older adults in community settings prior to the Decade. This will contribute to providing a baseline against which to track progress and identify gaps.

Methods
Following Cochrane guidelines for scoping reviews, searches were conducted in three electronic databases, five grey-literature websites, and one search engine between April to May 2021; and limited to entries from 2016 to 2020. Abstracts and full texts were double-screened; references of included papers were searched to identify additional candidate publications; and data were extracted independently by two authors, using an adaptation of existing frameworks. Quality assessment was not conducted.

Results
In total, we identified 617 peer-review papers, of which only two were included in the review. Grey literature searches generated 31 results, from which ten were included. Overall, the literature was sparse and heterogeneous, consisting of five reports, three policy documents, two non-systematic reviews, one city plan, and one policy appraisal. Initiatives targeting older adults were mentioned under 12 different SDGs, with SDG 1 (No Poverty), SDG 3 (Good Health and Wellbeing), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities) being the most commonly discussed. Also, SDG-based efforts frequently overlapped or aligned to the eight domains of age-friendly environments outlined in the World Health Organisation framework.

Conclusion
The review has documented the extent, range, and nature of available research and provided an initial evidence backdrop for future research and policy development.
Factors predicting parent engagement in a family-based childhood obesity prevention and control program
Authors: Schmied Emily A. , Madanat Hala , Chuang Emmeline , Moody Jamie , Ibarra Leticia , Cervantes Griselda , Strong David , Boutelle Kerri , Ayala Guadalupe X. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Family-based interventions are efficacious at preventing and controlling childhood overweight and obesity; however, implementation is often hindered by low parent engagement. The purpose of this study was to evaluate predictors of parent engagement in a family-based childhood obesity prevention and control intervention.

Methods
Predictors were assessed in a clinic-based community health worker (CHW)-led Family Wellness Program consisting of in-person educational workshops attended by parents and children. This program was part of a larger effort known as the Childhood Obesity Research Demonstration projects. Participants included 128 adult caretakers of children ages 2–11 (98% female). Predictors of parent engagement (e.g., anthropometric, sociodemographic, psychosocial variables) were assessed prior to the intervention. Attendance at intervention activities was recorded by the CHW. Zero-inflated Poisson regression was used to determine predictors of non-attendance and degree of attendance.

Results
Parents’ lower readiness to make behavioral and parenting changes related to their child’s health was the sole predictor of non-attendance at planned intervention activities in adjusted models (OR = 0.41, p < .05). Higher levels of family functioning predicted degree of attendance (RR = 1.25, p < .01).

Conclusions
To improve engagement in family-based childhood obesity prevention interventions, researchers should consider assessing and tailoring intervention strategies to align with the family’s readiness to change and promote family functioning.

Trial registration
NCT02197390, 22/07/2014.
Do different incision techniques for implant surgery affect gingival papilla height around dental implants? A retrospective study of 115 cases
Authors: Luo Chenchen , Chen Ming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgical incision designs are considered closely correlated to gingival papilla of dental implants. This study aims to explore whether different incision techniques for implant placement and second stage surgery affect gingival papilla height.

Methods
Cases using different incision techniques (intrasulcular incisions or papilla sparing incisions) between November 2017 and December 2020 were selected and analyzed. A digital camera was used to capture images of gingival papilla at different time points. Ratio of papilla height to crown length using different incision techniques were measured and statistically compared.

Results
A total of 115 papillae (68 patients) were eligible according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The average age was 39.6 years. Decreased postoperative papilla height were observed after implant placement surgery in all groups without statistical difference. However, for second stage surgery, intrasulcular incisions lead to more atrophy in gingival papilla compared to papilla sparing incisions.

Conclusions
Selection of incision techniques in implant placement surgery does not significantly affect papilla height. For second stage surgery, intrasulcular incisions significantly leads to more papilla atrophy compared with papilla sparing incisions.
Trial registration KQCL2017003.