bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image enhancement with wavelet-optimized whitening
Authors: Auchère F. , Soubrié E. , Pelouze G. , Buchlin É. 
Published: December 2022

Context. Due to its physical nature, the solar corona exhibits large spatial variations of intensity that make it difficult to simultaneously visualize the features present at all levels and scales. Many general-purpose and specialized filters have been proposed to enhance coronal images. However, most of them require the ad hoc tweaking of parameters to produce subjectively good results.
Aims. Our aim was to develop a general purpose image enhancement technique that would produce equally good results, but based on an objective criterion.
Methods. The underlying principle of the method is the equalization, or whitening, of power in the à trous wavelet spectrum of the input image at all scales and locations. An edge-avoiding modification of the à trous transform that uses bilateral weighting by the local variance in the wavelet planes is used to suppress the undesirable halos otherwise produced by discontinuities in the data.
Results. Results are presented for a variety of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and white light images of the solar corona. The proposed filter produces sharp and contrasted output, without requiring the manual adjustment of parameters. Furthermore, the built-in denoising scheme prevents the explosion of high-frequency noise typical of other enhancement methods, without smoothing statistically significant small-scale features. The standard version of the algorithm is about two times faster than the widely used multiscale Gaussian normalization (MGN). The bilateral version is slower, but provides significantly better results in the presence of spikes or edges. Comparisons with other methods suggest that the whitening principle may correspond to the subjective criterion of most users when adjusting free parameters.
Aspects of explosion risk assessment in the case of bucket elevators
Authors: Popa Cătălin Mihai , Gabor Dan Sorin 
Published: December 2022

Many of the technological processes that take place in the installations in which cereal products are transported and / or stored, involve the existence of combustible dusts. These dusts may be suspended in the air, or in the form of accumulations in layers or deposits of dust of various thicknesses, and may lead to fires, explosions or catalytic decomposition in the presence of oxygen.
If the combustible dusts are swirling in the air in appropriate proportions and an effective source of ignition is present, they can burn rapidly and with considerable explosive force.
Given that most of the time, as a result of an explosion of combustible dust, the resulting damage is generally greater than that caused by an explosion of flammable gases, it is necessary to pay special attention to the way in which they are taken. and implemented measures to protect and prevent explosions of combustible dust.
This paper highlights the principles and main factors that must be taken into account when conducting an explosion risk assessment for a bucket elevator carrying grain products, in order to establish and implement the necessary prevention and protection measures to ensure a minimum level. acceptable risk.
Earth-Abundant Transition Metal Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Minimally Functionalized Alkenes
Authors: Lu Zhan , Lu Peng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTransition-metal-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation (AH) is a growing field and a fundamental tool for the construction of chiral compounds. The use of earth-abundant transition metals in AH reactions remains generally limited but has received increased attention in recent years due to cost, sustainability, and environmental concerns. Here, we will summarize progress in first row transition metal catalyzed AH of minimally functionalized alkenes, including scope, mechanism, and challenges in this field.1	Introduction2	Ti-Catalyzed AH of Minimally Functionalized Alkenes3	Zr-Catalyzed AH of Minimally Functionalized Alkenes4	Co-Catalyzed AH of Minimally Functionalized Alkenes5	Fe-Catalyzed AH of Minimally Functionalized Alkenes6	Summary and Outlook
Sleep Apnea and Incident Unprovoked Venous Thromboembolism: Data from the Pays de la Loire Sleep Cohort
Authors: Trzepizur Wojciech , Gervès-Pinquié Chloé , Heudes Baptiste , Blanchard Margaux , Meslier Nicole , Jouvenot Marie , Kerbat Sandrine , Mao Raphael Le , Magois Eline , Racineux Jean-Louis , Sabil AbdelKebir , Thereaux Jérémie , Couturaud Francis , Gagnadoux Frédéric ,   on behalf of the Pays de la Loire Cohort Study Group
Published: December 2022

Background Previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and incident venous thromboembolism (VTE). More specifically, the association between OSA and unprovoked VTE was barely evaluated. We aimed to evaluate whether apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and nocturnal hypoxemia markers were associated with unprovoked VTE incidence in patients investigated for OSA.
Material and Methods Data from the Pays de la Loire Sleep Cohort were linked to the French health administrative data to identify incident unprovoked VTE in patients suspected for OSA and no previous VTE disease. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association of unprovoked VTE incidence with AHI and nocturnal hypoxemia markers including the time spent under 90% of saturation (T90), oxygen desaturation index, and hypoxic burden (HB), a more specific marker of respiratory events related to hypoxia. The impact of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was evaluated in the subgroup of patients who were proposed the treatment.
Results After a median [interquartile range] follow-up of 6.3 [4.3–9.0] years, 104 of 7,355 patients developed unprovoked VTE, for an incidence rate of 10.8 per 1,000 patient-years. In a univariate analysis, T90 and HB predicted incident VTE. In the fully adjusted model, T90 was the only independent predictor (hazard ratio: 1.06; 95% confidence interval: [1.01–1.02]; p = 0.02). The CPAP treatment has no significant impact on VTE incidence.
Conclusion Patients with more severe nocturnal hypoxia are more likely to have incident unprovoked VTE.
A Convergent Synthesis of Tetracyclic Indole Compounds by a ­Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling and Tandem Cyclization ­Reaction
Authors: Nishikawa Toshio , Ono Yoshiki , Higuchi Keiko , Yamaguchi Masashi , Sugino Kumi , Nakazaki Atsuo , Adachi Masaatsu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA new strategy for the convergent synthesis of the ABCD ring system of indole terpene alkaloids has been developed based on a Sonogashira coupling of an o-iodoaniline (the A ring) with an alkyne bearing the D ring. After a tandem palladium-catalyzed cyclization, the tetracyclic ABCD ring structure found in the terpene indole alkaloids was obtained in good yield.
Rotator Cuff Injury and Repair
Authors: Fitzpatrick Laura A. , Atinga Angela , White Lawrence , Henry Patrick D.G. , Probyn Linda 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRotator cuff pathology is a commonly encountered clinical and radiologic entity that can manifest as tendinopathy or tearing. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography offer similar sensitivity and specificity for the evaluation of the native rotator cuff, and the chosen modality may vary, depending on local practice and accessibility. MR arthrography is frequently used in the postoperative setting as a problem-solving tool. Key findings to include in the preoperative MRI report include the size and location of the tear, thickness of the tendon involved (partial versus full thickness), and overall tendon quality. The report should also address features associated with poor surgical outcomes, such as fatty atrophy, a decreased acromiohumeral interval, and evidence of rotator cuff arthropathy. Musculoskeletal radiologists should be familiar with the various surgical techniques and expected postoperative imaging appearance of rotator cuff repairs. Imaging also plays a role in identifying recurrent tearing, graft failure, hardware loosening, infection, and other complications.
Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty Has Lower Infection, Conversion, and Complication Rates Compared to High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Kahan Michael E. , Chen Zhongming , Angerett Nathan R. , Sax Oliver C. , Bains Sandeep S. , Assayag Michael J. , Delanois Ronald E. , Nace James 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction Isolated medial knee osteoarthritis can be surgically treated with either unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) or high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Proponents of UKA suggest superior survivorship, while HTO offers theoretically improved alignment and joint preservation delaying total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Therefore, we compared complications in a large population of patients undergoing UKAs or HTOs. We specifically assessed 90 days, 1 year, and 2 years: (1) periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) rates, (2) conversion to TKA rates, as well as (3) complication rates.
Methods A review of an administrative claims database was used to identify patients undergoing primary UKA (n = 13,674) or HTO (n = 1,096) from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019. Complication rates at 90 days, 1 year, and 2 years were compared between groups using unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals. Subsequently, multivariate logistic regressions were performed for PJI and conversion to TKA rates.
Results At all time points, patients who underwent UKA were associated with lower rates of infection compared with those who underwent HTOs (all OR ≤ 0.51, all p ≤ 0.010). After 1 year, patients who received UKAs were found to have lower risk of requiring a conversion to a TKA versus those who received HTOs (all OR ≤ 0.55, all p < 0.001). Complications such as dislocations, periprosthetic fractures, and surgical site infections were found at lower odds in UKA compared with HTO patients.
Conclusion This study provides large-scale analyses demonstrating that UKA is associated with lower infection rates and fewer conversions to TKA compared with patients who have undergone HTO. Dislocations, periprosthetic fractures, and surgical site infections were also found to be lower among UKA patients. However, with careful patient selection, good results and preservation of the native knee are achieved with HTOs. Therefore, UKA versus HTO may be an important discussion to have with patients in an effort to lower the incidence of postoperative infections and complications.
Pelvic Venous Disorders (PeVD)
Authors: Ford Robert W. , Winokur Ronald S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPelvic venous disorders (PeVDs) have replaced the concept of pelvic congestion syndrome encompassing venous origin chronic pelvic pain (VO-CPP) in women. The evaluation of women with VO-CPP includes the assessment for other causes of pelvic pain as well as imaging evaluation for pelvic varicosities measuring greater than 5 mm diameter, ovarian vein diameter, and flow direction, as well as iliac vein diameter and signs of compression. Proper identification of these patients can lead to high degrees of success eliminating chronic pelvic pain following ovarian vein embolization and/or iliac vein stenting. Strong encouragement is provided to use the symptoms, varices, pathophysiology classification for these patients and upcoming research studies on the specific symptoms of patients with VO-CPP will help elucidate patient selection for intervention. Additional future randomized controlled trials are also upcoming to evaluate for outcomes of ovarian vein embolization and iliac vein.
Role of Interventional Radiology in the Management of Venous Trauma
Authors: Kumari Divya , Kwak Daniel H. , Fergus Jonathan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTraumatic injury to the large, central venous vasculature, although rare, is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Conventional open surgical treatment by repair or ligation can be technically challenging in anatomically difficult areas to expose. Furthermore, open surgical approach can release tension on the venous injury and result in uncontrollable bleeding. Endovascular techniques such as stenting and embolization can be used effectively for the treatment of traumatic venous injury. This article will discuss the morbidity and mortality associated with traumatic venous injuries, venous anatomy, endovascular treatment options, and management of traumatic venous injury.
The Intersection of Abortion and Criminalization: Abortion Access for People in Prisons
Authors: Paynter Martha J. , Norman Wendy V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMost incarcerated women are of reproductive age, and more than a third of women will have an abortion during their reproductive years. Although women are the fastest growing population in Canadian prisons, no one has studied the effect of their incarceration on access to abortion services. Studies outside of Canada indicate rates of abortion are higher among people experiencing incarceration than in the general population, and that abortion access is often problematic. Although international standards for abortion care among incarcerated populations exist, there conversely appear to be no Canadian guidelines or procedures to facilitate unintended pregnancy prevention or management. Barriers to abortion care inequitably restrict people with unintended pregnancy from attaining education and employment opportunities, cause entrenchment in violent relationships, and prevent people from choosing to parent when they are ready and able. Understanding and facilitating equitable access to abortion care for incarcerated people is critical to address structural, gender-, and race-based reproductive health inequities, and to promote reproductive justice. There is an urgent need for research in this area to direct best practices in clinical care and support policies capable to ensure equal access to abortion care for incarcerated people.
Frequency division multiplexing readout of a transition edge sensor bolometer array with microstrip-type electrical bias lines
Authors: Wang Q. , Khosropanah P. , van der Kuur J. , de Lange G. , Audley M. D. , Aminaei A. , Ilyas S. , Ridder M. L. , van der Linden A. J. , Bruijn M. P. , van der Tak F. , Gao J. R. 
Published: December 2022

We demonstrate multiplexed readout of 43 transition edge sensor (TES) bolometers operating at 90 mK using a frequency division multiplexing (FDM) readout chain with bias frequencies ranging from 1 to 3.5 MHz and a typical frequency spacing of 32 kHz. We improve the previously reported performance of our FDM system by two important steps. First, we replace the coplanar wires with microstrip wires, which minimize the cross talk from mutual inductance. From the measured electrical cross talk (ECT) map, the ECT of all pixels is carrier leakage dominated. Only five pixels show an ECT level higher than 1%. Second, we reduce the thermal response speed of the TES detectors by a factor of 20 by increasing the heat capacity of the TES, which allows us to bias all TES detectors below 50% in transition without oscillations. We compare the current–voltage curves and noise spectra of the TESs measured in single-pixel mode and multiplexing mode. We also compare the noise equivalent power (NEP) and the saturation power of the bolometers in both modes, where 38 pixels show less than 10% difference in NEP and 5% difference in saturation power when measured in the two different modes. The measured noise spectrum is in good agreement with the simulated noise based on measured parameters from an impedance measurement, confirming that our TES is dominated by phonon noise.
Photosynthesis-related physiology and metabolomics responses of
Authors: Wang Yongsen , Guan Xiaojin , Liu Zongbao , Li Yi , Yu Fangming , Liu Kehui 
Published: December 2022

Manganese (Mn) plays an essential role in plant growth; however, excessive Mn is toxic to plants. Polygonum lapathifolium Linn. was tested as a novel Mn-hyperaccumulating species in our previous study, but the underlying mechanisms of this hyperaccumulation are poorly understood. A hydroponic experiment with (8 mmol L−1) and without additional Mn (CK) was established to explore the possible mechanisms through the effects on photosynthesis-related physiological characteristics and metabolomics. The results showed that additional Mn increased plant biomass, photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance related to increases in the effective photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II and relative electron transport rate (P < 0.05). The results from liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed 56 metabolites differentially accumulated between the plants composing these two groups. Metabolites were enriched in 20 metabolic pathways at three levels (environmental information processing, genetic information processing, and metabolism), of which five metabolic pathways were associated with significant or extremely significant changes (P < 0.05). These five enriched pathways were ABC transporters (environmental information processing), aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis (genetic information processing), biosynthesis of amino acids, d-arginine and d-ornithine metabolism, and arginine biosynthesis (metabolism). Flavonoids may play a key role in Mn tolerance, as they accumulated more than 490-fold, and the relationship between flavonoids and Mn tolerance needs to be studied in the future.
Parameter choices for sparse regularization with the
ℓ1
norm
*
Authors: Liu Qianru , Wang Rui , Xu Yuesheng , Yan Mingsong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We consider a regularization problem whose objective function consists of a convex fidelity term and a regularization term determined by the

ℓ
1

norm composed with a linear transform. Empirical results show that the regularization with the

ℓ
1

norm can promote sparsity of a regularized solution. The goal of this paper is to understand theoretically the effect of the regularization parameter on the sparsity of the regularized solutions. We establish a characterization of the sparsity under the transform matrix of the solution. When the objective function is block-separable or an error bound of the regularized solution to a known function is available, the resulting characterization can be taken as a regularization parameter choice strategy with which the regularization problem has a solution having a sparsity of a certain level. When the objective function is not block-separable, we propose an iterative algorithm which simultaneously determines the regularization parameter and its corresponding solution with a prescribed sparsity level. Moreover, we study choices of the regularization parameter so that the regularization term can alleviate the ill-posedness and promote sparsity of the resulting regularized solution. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is effective and efficient, and the choices of the regularization parameters can balance the sparsity of the regularized solution and its approximation to the minimizer of the fidelity function.
Overlapping large polaron tunnelling in lanthanum silicate oxyapatite
Authors: Yadav Ashishkumar , Jha Priyanka A , Jha Pardeep K , Jha Neetu , Singh Prabhakar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Amongst the various fast ion conductors, lanthanum excess lanthanum silicate oxyapatite (La

10
−
α

(SiO4)6O

2
+
δ

) has shown higher oxide ion conductivity with lower activation energy. On the other hand, the activation energy increases with La vacancies (La at 4f site). In the present work, La site is altered with Ca to form (La

1
−
x

Ca
x
)9.67(SiO4)6O

2
+
δ

(

x
=
0.0
,
0.05
,
0.10

and 0.15) with minimum oxygen non-stoichiometry and studied the hopping/tunnelling mechanism with the Ca substitution. The elemental content obtained from Rietveld refinement of the x-ray diffractograms suggests La deficiency with minimum oxygen deficiency. Further, XPS and TGA studies confirm the formation of La deficient samples. Temperature and frequency dependent ac conductivity in the temperature range (548–973 K) suggests that the conduction takes place via overlapping large polaron tunnelling. Further, the tunnelling distance and polaron radii as a function of temperature and frequency are observed to be altered with Ca and affecting the ion conducting channel through the elongation of La(6 h) triangles. Our study suggests the phononic contribution play a pivotal role in ionic transport.
A rate-of-rise facility for measuring properties of wick structures
Authors: Elkholy A , Durfee J , Mooney J P , Robinson A J , Kempers R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This work details a mass rate-of-rise (mROR) apparatus and analysis method for the accurate and precise determination of capillary wick parameters: permeability, K, effective pore radius, r
eff, and porosity, ϵ. Three factors were examined: (a) the accuracy of the theoretical models and their curve-fitting approaches associated with the mROR technique, (b) the influence of the experimental procedure on repeatability, and (c) how the uncertainty of the experimental input parameters propagates through the data analysis procedure and compounds the overall uncertainty of the wick parameters (K and r
eff). Four models and fittings methods were investigated: the Lucas–Washburn method, the gravity-based dm/dt method, the gravity-based t–m method, and the gravity-based m–t method. It is demonstrated that the m–t method developed here shows the lowest error and, equally importantly, that it is free of user decisions in the context of ‘data scrubbing’ because the entire mROR data set is used in its raw form. To test accuracy and repeatability, a precision-controlled mROR apparatus is proposed. Experiments were performed for commercially available wicks. A robust Monte Carlo error analysis method was developed and applied to quantify the overall uncertainty in the wick parameters as a function of the input uncertainties of all measured quantities.
Long-time behaviour for a nonlocal model from directed polymers
Authors: Gu Yu , Henderson Christopher 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We consider the long time behaviour of solutions to a nonlocal reaction diffusion equation that arises in the study of directed polymers in a random environment. The model is characterized by convolution with a kernel R and an L
2 inner product. In one spatial dimension, we extend a previous result of the authors (arXiv:2002.02799), where only the case

R
=
δ

was considered; in particular, we show that solutions spread according to a

2

/

3

power law consistent with the KPZ scaling conjectured for directed polymers. In the special case when

R
=
δ

, we find the exact profile of the solution in the rescaled coordinates. We also consider the behaviour in higher dimensions. When the dimension is three or larger, we show that the long-time behaviour is the same as the heat equation in the sense that the solution converges to a standard Gaussian. In contrast, when the dimension is two, we construct a non-Gaussian self-similar solution.