bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A coupled algebraic-delay differential system modeling tick-host interactive behavioural dynamics and multi-stability
Authors: Zhang Xue , Wu Jianhong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe propose a coupled system of delay-algebraic equations to describe tick attaching and host grooming behaviors in the tick-host interface, and use the model to understand how this tick-host interaction impacts the tick population dynamics. We consider two critical state variables, the loads of feeding ticks on host and the engorged ticks on the ground for ticks in a particular development stage (nymphal stage) and show that the model as a coupled system of delay differential equation and an algebraic (integral) equation may have rich structures of equilibrium states, leading to multi-stability. We perform asymptotic analyses and use the implicit function theorem to characterize the stability of these equilibrium states, and show that bi-stability and quadri-stability occur naturally in several combinations of tick attaching and host grooming behaviours. In particular, we show that in the case when host grooming is triggered by the tick biting, the system will have three stable equilibrium states including the extinction state, and two unstable equilibrium states. In addition, the two nontrivial stable equilibrium states correspond to a low attachment rate and a large number of feeding ticks, and a high attachment rate and a small number of feeding ticks, respectively.
Diet quality, food intake and incident adult-onset asthma: a Lifelines Cohort Study
Authors: Visser Edith , de Jong Kim , Pepels Janneke J. S. , Kerstjens Huib A. M. , ten Brinke Anneke , van Zutphen Tim 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Dietary factors have been suggested as drivers of the rising prevalence of adult-onset asthma, but evidence is inconclusive, possibly due to the complex interrelation with obesity. We aim to explore the relation of diet quality and food intake with incident adult-onset asthma in normal weight and overweight adults of the prospective population-based Lifelines Cohort Study.

Methods
Incident adult-onset asthma was defined as self-reported asthma at ± 4-year follow-up, in adults free of airway disease at baseline. Diet quality scores and food group intake were assessed at baseline. Log-binomial regression analyses were used to estimate adjusted relative risks (RR) between dietary intake (per portion) and incident adult-onset asthma, in categories of BMI (cutoff: 25 kg/m2).

Results
477 incident asthma cases (75% female, 62% overweight) and 34,698 controls (60% female, 53% overweight) were identified. Diet quality—assessed by the Lifelines Diet Score and Mediterranean Diet Score—was not associated with incident adult-onset asthma in the two BMI groups. Although the dietary intake of several food groups differed between cases and controls, after adjustment for confounders only few remained associated with adult-onset asthma, including red and processed meat (RR: 0.93 per 15 g intake; 95% CI 0.86–0.99) in the normal weight group and intake of cheese (RR 1.09 per 20 g intake; 95% CI 1.00–1.17) and vegetables (RR 1.10 per 50 g intake; 95% CI 1.00–1.21) in the overweight group.

Conclusion
The results of this study question the role of food as a ‘simple’ predictor of adult-onset asthma and call for an integrative approach, including a range of modifiable lifestyle factors and further asthma phenotyping.
Quality of life and clinical factors in women with endometriosis, the role of dienogest vs EE/dienogest over time: a single-center study
Authors: Maiorana Antonio , Alfano Pietro , Mercurio Antonella , Marcantonio Salvatore , Minneci Gabriella , Incandela Domenico , Audino Palma 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aims of this observational study were: to assess the relationship between psychological variables, pain, Duration Untreated Endometriosis (DUE) in a sample of women with Endometriosis; and to assess the effect of dienogest 2 mg/daily (DNG) and dienogest/ethinylestradiol 0.03 mg/daily (EE/DNG) on Symptoms, QoL, HRQoL, pain and sexual satisfaction, over time.

Methods
64 women constituted the study group; (56%) took DNG and (44%) took EE/DNG. VAS, SF-36, EHP-30 and ISS were used to assess endometriosis-associated pelvic pain, QoL, HRQoL and sexual satisfaction, respectively. The study included one follow-up at 18 months.

Results
At T0, a longer period of DUE was related both to worst HRQoL and Physical QoL. At T1, a correlation was found between longer DUE and worst HRQoL. At T0, a negative correlation was found between VAS and PCS and between VAS and EHP-30. At T1, the same above correlation was found between VAS and PCS/MCS and VAS and EHP-30 scale. There was a correlation between ISS and VAS. ANOVA showed a reduction in dysmenorrhea, in general pain level and an improvement in emotional wellbeing, relationship with medical profession, and PCS over time, regardless to type of treatment. Moreover, a significant time × treatment group interaction for dysmenorrhea was found.

Conclusion
DUE and pain are important variables related to psychological aspects of women with endometriosis. Treatment with both DNG and EE/DNG may have positive effects on the QoL, HRQoL and symptoms. Moreover, DNG seems to have a greater effect than EE/DNG on dyspareunia reduction over time.
Effects of CFTR-modulator triple therapy on sinunasal symptoms in children and adults with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Bode Sebastian F. N. , Rapp Hannes , Lienert Nadine , Appel Heike , Fabricius Dorit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Sinunasal symptoms and chronic rhinusinutitis are common in patients with cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) modulators have led to dramatic improvements of respiratory symptoms and quality of life in patients with cystic fibrosis. This study aims to evaluate subjective and objective sinunasal symptoms after start of CFTR-modulator triple therapy.

Methods
43 patients (n = 6 < 18 years), treated with highly effective CFTR-modulator therapy with elexacaftor–tezacaftor–ivacaftor (ELX/TEZ/IVA) were included, as were 20 controls with cystic fibrosis but without CFTR-modulator therapy (n = 6 < 18 years). All assessed their sinunasal symptoms retrospectively and the intervention group at a mean of 9.3 (2–16) months after start of ELX/TEZ/IVA.

Results
Improvements in SNOT-22 overall score from m = 32.7 to m = 15.7 points (p < 0.0001) as well in the nasal, emotional, otologic, and sleep subdomains could be demonstrated in the intervention group. No changes were found in the control group. Children showed lower SNOT-22 scores than adults and a reduction of SNOT-22 total score from m = 9.4 to m = 2.2 (p = 0.25) was found. 8 patients were evaluated by an otorhinolaryngologist before and after start of ELX/TEZ/IVA and showed pronounced objective clinical improvement.

Conclusions
Highly effective CFTR-modulator therapy has a significant positive impact on both subjective and objective sinunasal symptoms in patients with CF and some improvement could be demonstrated in children < 18 years as well.
High levels of childhood trauma associated with changes in hippocampal functional activity and connectivity in young adults during novelty salience
Authors: Derome Mélodie , Machon Sandra , Barker Holly , Kozhuharova Petya , Orlov Natasza , Morgenroth Elenor , Hugdahl Kenneth , Allen Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChildhood trauma (CT) has been linked to increased risk for psychosis. Moreover, CT has been linked to psychosis phenotypes such as impaired cognitive and sensory functions involved in the detection of novel sensory stimuli. Our objective was to investigate if CT was associated with changes in hippocampal and superior temporal gyrus functional activation and connectivity during a novelty detection task. Fifty-eight young adults were assigned to High-CT (n = 28) and Low-CT (n = 24) groups based on their scores on the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and underwent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging during an auditory oddball task (AOT). Relative to the Low CT group, High CT participants showed reduced functional activation in the left hippocampus during the unpredictable tone condition of the AOT. Furthermore, in the High CT group, psychophysiological interaction analysis revealed hypoconnectivity between the hippocampus and temporal and medial regions. The present study indicates both altered hippocampal activation and hippocampal-temporal-prefrontal connectivity during novelty detection in individuals that experienced CT, similarly to that reported in psychosis risk populations. Early stressful experiences and environments may alter hippocampal function during salient events, mediating the relationship between childhood trauma and psychosis risk.
An experimental investigation of factors controlling the oxygen content of sulphide melts in the Earth’s upper mantle
Authors: Abeykoon Sumith , Laurenz Vera , Frost Daniel J. , Miyajima Nobuyoshi , McCammon Catherine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo determine the factors that control the oxygen content of sulphide melts in the upper mantle, mono-sulphides were equilibrated with mantle peridotite assemblages, with varying FeO and NiO contents, between 3 and 13 GPa and 1300 to 1819 °C. Carbonates were added as a flux and the use of graphite capsules allowed oxygen fugacities (fo2) to be estimated for most of the experiments. Sulphide melt O concentrations were in the range 0.2–3.7 wt. %, coexisting with silicate assemblages with olivine Fe/(Fe + Mg) ratios between 0.04 and 0.25. Except in Ni-bearing experiments, variations in the sulphur/metal cation ratio did not affect the sulphide melt O contents, which also appeared to be independent of fo2. The silicate FeO contents, temperature and pressure were found to be the main controls on O contents. Nickel lowers the O content, although all Ni-bearing experiments produced sulphides with lower sulphur/metal ratios, making it difficult to categorically separate the effect of Ni alone. A preliminary geothermometer expression was developed based on the O content of the sulphide melts and the iron oxide concentrations of coexisting olivine and orthopyroxene. With this expression, the experimental temperatures are reproduced to within 74 K for Ni-free experiments and within 135 K for Ni-bearing samples. Using measurements of the O contents of sulphide inclusions of peridotite affinity in diamonds from the Lac de Gras kimberlite field, a plausible average entrapment temperature of 1318 ± 48 °C is calculated. Mantle peridotite assemblages would be expected to contain sulphide melts with approximately 0.4–0.6 wt. % O along a typical mantle adiabat down to 200 km depth.
The phenotypic spectrum of pathogenic ATP1A1 variants expands: the novel p.P600R substitution causes demyelinating Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
Authors: Cinarli Yuksel Feride , Nicolaou Paschalis , Spontarelli Kerri , Dohrn Maike F. , Rebelo Adriana P. , Koutsou Pantelitsa , Georghiou Anthi , Artigas Pablo , Züchner Stephan L. , Kleopa Kleopas A. , Christodoulou Kyproula 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease (CMT) is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of inherited neuropathies. Monoallelic pathogenic variants in ATP1A1 were associated with axonal and intermediate CMT. ATP1A1 encodes for the catalytic α1 subunit of the Na+/ K+ ATPase. Besides neuropathy, other associated phenotypes are spastic paraplegia, intellectual disability, and renal hypomagnesemia. We hereby report the first demyelinating CMT case due to a novel ATP1A1 variant.

Methods
Whole-exome sequencing on the patient’s genomic DNA and Sanger sequencing to validate and confirm the segregation of the identified p.P600R ATP1A1 variation were performed. To evaluate functional effects, blood-derived mRNA and protein levels of ATP1A1 and the auxiliary β1 subunit encoded by ATP1B1 were investigated. The ouabain-survival assay was performed in transfected HEK cells to assess cell viability, and two-electrode voltage clamp studies were performed in Xenopus oocytes.

Results
The variant was absent in the local and global control datasets, falls within a highly conserved protein position, and is in a missense-constrained region. The expression levels of ATP1A1 and ATP1B1 were significantly reduced in the patient compared to healthy controls. Electrophysiology indicated that ATP1A1p.P600R injected Xenopus oocytes have reduced Na+/ K+ ATPase function. Moreover, HEK cells transfected with a construct encoding ATP1A1p.P600R harbouring variants that confers ouabain insensitivity displayed a significant decrease in cell viability after ouabain treatment compared to the wild type, further supporting the pathogenicity of this variant.

Conclusion
Our results further confirm the causative role of ATP1A1 in peripheral neuropathy and broaden the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of ATP1A1-associated CMT.
Hyperlipidemia in tendon injury: chronicles of low-density lipoproteins
Authors: Fang William H. , Bonavida Victor , Agrawal Devendra K. , Thankam Finosh G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHyperlipidemia impacts millions of people globally and has been the major risk factor for developing atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Interestingly, hyperlipidemic subjects exhibit increased incidence of rotator cuff tendon injury (RCTI) and disorganization of tendon matrix. Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and its oxidized form (ox-LDL) play a crucial role in hyperlipidemia-driven pro-inflammatory responses in multiple tissues including the tendon. The signaling of oxLDL upregulates the inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and the activation of monocytes/macrophages/resident tendon cells and matrix metalloproteinases impairing the tendon homeostasis resulting in the alteration of extracellular matrix. In addition, the hyperlipidemia-driven immune response and subsequent oxidative stress promote degenerative responses in the tendon tissue. However, the pathological mechanisms underlying the occurrence of RCTI in hyperlipidemia and the effect of ox-LDL in tendon matrix are currently unknown. The present review focuses on the implications and perspectives of LDL/oxLDL on the increased incidence of RCTI.
Dealing with disjunct populations of vascular plants: implications for assessing the effect of climate change
Authors: Varaldo Lucia , Guerrina Maria , Dagnino Davide , Minuto Luigi , Casazza Gabriele 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpecies distribution models are the most widely used tool to predict species distributions for species conservation and assessment of climate change impact. However, they usually do not consider intraspecific ecological variation exhibited by many species. Overlooking the potential differentiation among groups of populations may lead to misplacing any conservation actions. This issue may be particularly relevant in species in which few populations with potential local adaptation occur, as in species with disjunct populations. Here, we used ecological niche modeling to analyze how the projections of current and future climatically suitable areas of 12 plant species can be affected using the whole taxa occurrences compared to occurrences from geographically disjunct populations. Niche analyses suggest that usually the disjunct group of populations selects the climatic conditions as similar as possible to the other according to climate availability. Integrating intraspecific variability only slightly increases models’ ability to predict species occurrences. However, it results in different predictions of the magnitude of range change. In some species, integrating or not integrating intraspecific variability may lead to opposite trend in projected range change. Our results suggest that integrating intraspecific variability does not strongly improve overall models’ accuracy, but it can result in considerably different conclusions about future range change. Consequently, accounting for intraspecific differentiation may enable the detection of potential local adaptations to new climate and so to design targeted conservation strategies.
A model volcanic fissure with adjustable geometry and wall temperature
Authors: Cole R. P. , White J. D. L. , Baxter R. J. M. , Bowman M. H. , Dürig T. , Fleming M. , Pooley B. ,   Farra Engineering Ltd, Ruz-Ginouves J. , Gudmundsson M. T. , Cronin S. J. , Leonard G. S. , Valentine G. A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fissure eruptions initiate with magma ascending and spreading through cracks in the ground that can extend for kilometres at the surface. Eruptions eventually localise to form one or a few persistent conduits and ultimately an array of discrete cones or craters. We built a new experimental apparatus to investigate the influences of fissure shape and wall-rock temperature on localisation within a volcanic fissure, and the thermal feedbacks associated with variability of these parameters. Our artificial fissure, or “Artfish,” has a slot geometry with adjustable shape and wall temperature. We can simulate both starting variability in fissure geometry and wall temperature, as well as changes in these parameters during an experiment to replicate, for example, blockage by wall-rock collapse, widening by wall-rock erosion, and warming by adjacent intrusions. We use polyethylene glycol (PEG 600) for our analogue fluid. A variable-speed pump allows for a range of fluid injection and ascent rates. Initial tests showcase the capabilities of the model and the types of data that may be acquired. Additional key features achieved include a stable and planar injection system, fluid recycling, and the use of particle tracers for monitoring flow patterns and velocities. The thermal evolution of the fluid-wall interface is quantitatively measured with thermal sensors, and the change in state of the PEG provides a clear visual indication of flow behaviour and solidification progress recorded on video. The potential experiments that can be conducted with this highly versatile model are numerous and will be used to gain a better understanding of the thermal controls on flow localisation and conduit development. This will assist hazard modellers to assess controls on eruption evolution and potentially to forecast sites where an initial fissure eruption may focus.
Low pretherapy skeletal muscle mass index is associated with an increased risk of febrile neutropenia in patients with esophageal cancer receiving docetaxel + cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil (DCF) therapy
Authors: Nara Katsuhiko , Yamamoto Takehito , Sato Yasuyoshi , Yagi Koichi , Kawasaki Koichiro , Toriumi Tetsuro , Takada Tappei , Seto Yasuyuki , Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Docetaxel + cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil (DCF) therapy, a frequently prescribed regimen for esophageal cancer, is associated with a high risk of febrile neutropenia (FN). This study investigated whether a low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) is an independent risk factor for FN.

Methods
This retrospective, observational study investigated the SMI of patients with esophageal cancer who received DCF therapy between March 2018 and July 2020. Based on the Asian sarcopenia criteria, patients were divided into two groups: high and low SMI (SMI of < 7.0 and 5.7 kg/m2 for males and females, respectively). The incidence of FN was then compared between the two groups.

Results
Thirty-nine patients (20 and 19 in the high- and low-SMI groups, respectively) were included in this study. The incidence of FN was significantly higher in the low-SMI group (63.2% vs. 20.0%, P = 0.006). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that a low SMI was an independent risk factor for FN (odds ratio, 7.178; 95% confidence interval, 1.272–40.507; P = 0.026). In addition, the frequency of dose reduction in DCF therapy was significantly higher in the low-SMI group (68.4% vs. 35.0%, P = 0.037).

Conclusion
Low SMI is an independent risk factor for FN in patients with esophageal cancer receiving DCF therapy.
Almost 2 years into the COVID-19 pandemic: an update on parental stress, parent mental health, and the occurrence of child maltreatment
Authors: Calvano Claudia , Engelke Lara , Holl-Etten Anna Katharina , Renneberg Babette , Winter Sibylle M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIncreased parental stress, poorer mental health, and an increase in the occurrence of child maltreatment (CM) have been reported in earlier phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, data from later phases of the pandemic are not yet available. We conducted a cross-sectional, representative survey among 1087 parents (48.8% female; mean age 41.72 years, SD = 9.15) in Germany in December 2021. Data were compared to a previous representative sample, assessed in August 2020 (N = 1024), and to normative scores of the outcome measures. Predictors for the occurrence of CM were analyzed by logistic regression. Pandemic-related stress and general stress were higher and physical and mental health were poorer in the December 2021 sample than in the August 2020 sample. Occurrence rates of CM varied between 5 and 56%. Verbal emotional abuse (n = 607, 56%), witnessing domestic violence (n = 446, 41%), and emotional neglect (n = 435, 40%) were most frequently reported. For these subtypes, parental risk for alcohol abuse (OR 2.1–2.7) and parental recent experience of violence (OR 2.1–5.1) were the strongest predictors. Across all subtypes of CM, parents reporting child maltreatment showed poorer scores on all stress outcomes, with medium–large-effect sizes. Results confirm a high burden within the families, almost 2 years into the pandemic. Occurrence rates of a broad spectrum of CM subtypes raise further concerns for the well-being of children. Family-oriented intervention efforts are needed to stabilize families and provide targeted support. Longitudinal studies are needed for a description of families at risk for poorer outcomes.
Benefits of electrochemistry studies for the majority of students who will not become electrochemists
Authors: Scholz Fritz 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn teaching electrochemistry, it is of primary importance to make students always aware of the relations between electrochemistry and all the non-electrochemical topics, which are taught. The vast majority of students will not specialise in electrochemistry, but they all can very much benefit from the basics and concepts of electrochemistry. This paper is aimed to give suggestions how the teaching of electrochemistry can easily be interrelated to topics of inorganic, organic, analytical, environmental chemistry, biochemistry and biotechnology.
Wasserstein barycenter regression for estimating the joint dynamics of renewable and fossil fuel energy indices
Authors: De Giuli Maria Elena , Spelta Alessandro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn order to characterize non-linear system dynamics and to generate term structures of joint distributions, we propose a flexible and multidimensional approach, which exploits Wasserstein barycentric coordinates for histograms. We apply this methodology to study the relationships between the performance in the European market of the renewable energy sector and that of the fossil fuel energy one. Our methodology allows us to estimate the term structure of conditional joint distributions. This optimal barycentric interpolation can be interpreted as a posterior version of the joint distribution with respect to the prior contained in the past histograms history. Once the underlying dynamics mechanism among the set of variables are obtained as optimal Wasserstein barycentric coordinates, the learned dynamic rules can be used to generate term structures of joint distributions.