bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine residents’ diagnostic accuracy in lung ultrasound interpretation in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study at two public teaching hospitals
Authors: Kifle Bethel , Abicho Temesgen Beyene , Zewdu Tigist , Tesfaye Birhanu , Kebede Sofia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Point of Care ultrasound is defined as a goal-directed ultrasound exam performed by the treating physician to answer a well-defined question relevant to the immediate care of a patient. Currently, lung ultrasound is increasingly used in critically ill patients as an alternative to bedside chest radiography. Point of care ultrasound is a mandatory training for emergency and critical care physicians but there are no published papers on the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound performed by emergency medicine residents. This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of emergency medicine residents’ chest ultrasound interpretation at two public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study targeting senior emergency residents in two hospitals in comparison with radiologists. The study was conducted from June 2022 to August 2022 by using a structured questionnaire. There were a total of 70 emergency residents at these hospitals. The completed data was coded, manually checked, and exported to SPSS version 25 for data analysis.
Results:60 emergency and critical care medicine residents were enrolled in this study among which 28 (46.7%) were from Addis Ababa University and 32 (53.3%) were from St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College. The overall accuracy in the interpretation of chest ultrasound was low. The sensitivity of residents in detecting normal chest ultrasounds was 95%. Most residents correctly identified pneumothorax at 96.7% and the lowest rate of interpretation was lung metastasis at 5%. There is a moderate agreement between emergency residents and radiologists (kappa 0.4). There is no factor identified that has a significant association with the outcome of interpreting chest ultrasound scans.
Conclusion: The skills of residents in interpreting chest ultrasound results are low regardless of the prevalence of the condition in the emergency room or the relative clinical importance of the condition. Poor sensitivity results with misinterpretations were common.
Recommendation: we recommend the need for continuous training and assessment of the residents on lung ultrasound scanning. Further studies should be done, to fill the gaps and improve the quality of teaching.
BISCIT: Biliary Interventions in critically ill patients with Secondary Sclerosing Cholangitis – a study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, controlled parallel group trial
Authors: Stahl Klaus , Klein Friederike , Voigtlaender Torsten , Großhennig Anika , Book Thorsten , Müller Tobias , Kuellmer Armin , Weigt Jochen , Dechene Alexander , Wedi Edris , Kandulski Arne , Lange Christian M. , Holzwart Dennis , von Witzendorff Dorothee , Ringe Kristina I. , Wedemeyer Heiner , Heidrich Benjamin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background:
Progress of cholangitis to cholangiosepsis is a frequent observation in patients with secondary sclerosing cholangitis in critically ill patients (SSC-CIP). Adequate biliary drainage may reduce episodes of cholangiosepsis and therefore stabilize liver function and improve survival. The primary objective of the BISCIT study is to demonstrate that scheduled biliary interventions will reduce incidence of cholangiosepsis, liver transplantation or death in patients with SSC-CIP.
Methods:
A total of 104 patients will be randomized at ten study sites. Patients with SSC-CIP, confirmed by Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography (ERC), will be randomized 1:1 either in the intervention group which will be treated with scheduled biliary interventions (i.e. therapeutic ERC) every 8 weeks for 6 months or in the control group which will receive standard of care. The randomization will be stratified by center. The composite primary efficacy endpoint is defined as (1) occurrence of death, (2) necessity of liver transplantation or (3) occurrence of cholangiosepsis within 6 months following randomization.
Discussion:
Prospective evaluation of endoscopic treatment procedures is urgently needed to establish an evidence-based therapeutic treatment algorithm in SSC-CIP. A positive trial result could change the current standard of care for patients with SSC-CIP. The results of this study will be disseminated through presentations at international congresses, workshops, and peer-reviewed publications.
Trial registration:
The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05396755, date of registration: May 31 2022, last update: May 31 2022).
Trial Status
The current version of the study protocol described in the manuscript is Version 1.0, February 23rd 2022. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05396755, date of registration: May 31 2022, last update: May 31 2022). No patient has yet been recruited. Approximate end of recruitment will be May 2025.
A systematic review of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of adolescents and young people with disabilities aged 15-29 years
Authors: Leung Xing Yu , Kavanagh Anne , Quang Que Tien , Shields Marissa , Aitken Zoe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the psychological burden on young people around the world and may have disproportionately large impacts for young people with disabilities. This review aims to systematically review the quantitative evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of young people with disabilities and evaluate the quality of included studies.
Methods
A systematic search was conducted using 5 electronic databases. The quality of the studies was assessed using the SIGN risk of bias assessment tool. A narrative synthesis was performed to synthesize the results of included studies.
Results
The initial search yielded 1935 studies, of which two met the eligibility criteria, one longitudinal study and one cross-sectional study, both assessed to be of low quality. In the cross-sectional study, young people with intellectual and developmental disabilities self-reported an increase in mental health symptoms. The longitudinal study found no evidence of a change in mental health symptoms from pre-pandemic to during the pandemic among young people with autism spectrum disorder, although these individuals reported negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on their emotional or mental health.
Conclusions
The findings of this review provide some weak evidence of a negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of young people with disabilities. Importantly, the findings highlight the lack of research in this area. More research is needed to investigate the impact of the pandemic on the mental health of young disabled people, in order for governments to develop emergency preparedness plans to safeguard the well-being of this population.
Transcriptional changes in specific subsets of Drosophila neurons following inhibition of the serotonin transporter
Authors: Bonanno Shivan L. , Krantz David E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The transcriptional effects of SSRIs and other serotonergic drugs remain unclear, in part due to the heterogeneity of postsynaptic cells, which may respond differently to changes in serotonergic signaling. Relatively simple model systems such as Drosophila afford more tractable microcircuits in which to investigate these changes in specific cell types. Here, we focus on the mushroom body, an insect brain structure heavily innervated by serotonin and comprised of multiple different but related subtypes of Kenyon cells. We use fluorescence activated cell sorting of Kenyon cells, followed by either or bulk or single cell RNA sequencing to explore the transcriptomic response of these cells to SERT inhibition. We compared the effects of two different Drosophila Serotonin Transporter (dSERT) mutant alleles as well as feeding the SSRI citalapram to adult flies. We find that the genetic architecture associated with one of the mutants contributed to significant artefactual changes in expression. Comparison of differential expression caused by loss of SERT during development versus aged, adult flies, suggests that changes in serotonergic signaling may have relatively stronger effects during development, consistent with behavioral studies in mice. Overall, our experiments revealed limited transcriptomic changes in Kenyon cells, but suggest that different subtypes may respond differently to SERT loss-of-function. Further work exploring the effects of SERT loss-of-function in other Drosophila circuits may be used help to elucidate how SSRIs differentially affect a variety of different neuronal subtypes both during development and in adults.
Anoikis-related Genes in Breast Cancer Patients: Reliable Biomarker of Prognosis
Authors: Tang Mingzheng , Rong Yao , Zhang Guiqian , Wu Zhihang , Li Xiaofeng , Dong Fengyuan , Liu Songhua , Zhang Yan , Pan Haibang , Tao Pengxian , Cai Hui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background Brest cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and the second most frequent type of newly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Second, anoikis, a specific programmed death brought on by a cell's lack of contact with the extracellular matrix, is crucial for the spread of cancer. The impact of anoikis on BC patients' prognoses, however, is still unknown.
Method Via the TCGA and GEO databases, we gathered patient transcriptome and clinical group data for this investigation. The classification of subtypes A and B, subtype survival analysis, and pathway analysis were performed using anoikis-related genes (ARGs). the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), multivariate Cox regression analysis, and tumor microenvironment were used to evaluate the immune microenvironment (TME). Ultimately, ten ARGs relevant to prognosis were collected, and prognostic models were created. In order to characterize the correlation of ARGS, we also performed single cell data analysis. Finally, we used real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to analyze the associations between the 10 prognostic ARGS and BC cells.
Results By using Kaplan-Meier (KM) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses, we were able to identify ten ARGS (YAP1, PIK3R1, BAK1, PHLDA2, EDA2R, LAMB3, CD24, SLC2A1, CDC25C, and SLC39A6) as BC prognosis-related ARGS. These characteristics of the high-risk group of ARGS were linked to a poor prognosis in BC patients. KEGG functional analysis revealed that the immunological state of these high- and low-risk groups was different. By building a carcinogenesis model of risk score, risk score was found to be an independent prognostic factor. YAP1, PIK3R1, BAK1, PHLDA2, EDA2R, CD24, SLC2A1, and CDC25C were all strongly expressed in BC cells, according to the results of the RT-PCR analysis. were poorly expressed in SLC39A6 and LAMB3BC cells, but were strongly expressed in BC cells. The outcomes agreed with our earlier analysis of differential expression.
Conclusion ARGS markers can be used as BC biomarkers for risk stratification and survival prediction in BC patients. Besides, ARGs can be used as stratification factors for individualized and precise treatment of BC patients.
Systematic manipulation of experimenter’s nonverbal behaviors for the investigation of placebo effects
Authors: Daniali Hojjat , Ruben Mollie A. , Flaten Magne A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective

Nonverbal behaviors (NBs) and characteristics of healthcare providers affect pain reports and placebo effects in patients/participants. However, as it is difficult to systematically control NBs in interactions, little experimental research has examined the impact of NBs of experimenters on pain and placebo effects. This study protocol reports a systematic manipulation of experimenters’ NBs to investigate its effects on placebo effects.

Methods

We propose an experiment in which videotaped experimenters (VEs) guide participants through a pain stimulation and a placebo treatment. The VEs express one positively enhanced NB and keep their other NBs neutral. Participants will be randomized to four groups in which they will be exposed to either the positive facial expressions (+ FE), tone of voice (+ TV), body movement (+ BM), or neither positive nor negative behaviors (i.e., neutral control condition; NC) of the VEs. As a pilot investigation and manipulation check, twenty-one coders (15 Norwegian and six US psychology students) viewed the videos and rated the degree of NBs of smiling, eye contact, gestures, positivity in tone of voice, and impressions of dominance, positivity, and expressivity from each NB. The manipulated NBs were shown to have high construct validity and reliability. Moreover, both + BM and + FE were rated as more dominant than + TV and the NC. +FE and + BM were rated as the most positive and expressive, respectively.

Expected results

Transmitting the desired NBs to patients by VEs can be challenging. However, it’s expected that + FE will have the largest placebo effects.

General Discussion

NB training can help to further control the NBs of experimenters or healthcare providers to examine their impact on important patient and participant outcomes. Researchers who wish to experimentally manipulate medically important impressions, should consider varying degrees of facial expressions, tone of voice, and body movement.
Ending Preventable Stillbirths and Improving Bereavement Care: A Scorecard for High- and Upper-Middle Income Countries
Authors: de Graaff Esti Charlotte , Leisher Susannah Hopkins , Blencowe Hannah , Lawford Harriet , Cassidy Jillian , Cassidy Paul , Draper Elizabeth S , Heazell Alexander E P , Kinney Mary , Quigley Paula , Ravaldi Claudia , Storey Claire , Vannacci Alfredo , Group . the EPS in High-Resource Countries Scorecard Collaboration , Flenady Vicki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Despite progress, stillbirth rates in many high- and upper-middle income countries remain high, and the majority of these deaths are preventable. We introduce the Ending Preventable Stillbirths (EPS) Scorecard for High- and Upper Middle-Income Countries, a tool to track progress against the Lancet’s 2016 EPS Series Call to Action, fostering transparency, consistency and accountability.
Methods: The Scorecard for EPS in High- and Upper-Middle Income Countries was adapted from the Scorecard for EPS in Low-Income Countries which includes 20 indicators to track progress against the eight Call to Action targets. The Scorecard for High- and Upper-Middle Income Countries includes 23 indicators tracking progress against these same Call to Action targets. For this inaugural version of the Scorecard, 13 high- and upper-middle income countries supplied data. Data were collated and compared between and within countries.
Results: Data were complete for 15 of 23 indicators (65%). Five key issues were identified: (1) there is wide variation in stillbirth rates and related perinatal outcomes, (2) definitions of stillbirth and related perinatal outcomes vary widely across countries, (3) data on key risk factors for stillbirth are often missing and equity is not consistently tracked, (4) most countries lack guidelines and targets for critical areas for stillbirth prevention and care after stillbirth and have not set a national stillbirth rate target, and (5) most countries do not have mechanisms in place for reduction of stigma or guidelines around bereavement care.
Conclusions: This inaugural version of the Scorecard for High- and Upper-Middle Income Countries highlights important gaps in performance indicators for stillbirth both between and within countries. The Scorecard provides a basis for future assessment of progress and can be used to help holding individual countries accountable, especially for reducing stillbirth inequities for disadvantaged groups.
Ultrafine-bubble-water-promoted nanoceramic decoration of metal powders for additive manufacturing
Authors: ZHOU WEIWEI , Dong Mingqi , Guo Suxia , Nomura Naoyuki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Design of composite powders for exploiting the multifunctionality of metallic nanocomposites via laser additive manufacturing (AM) is challenging. Conventional ball-milling processes are prone to cause uncontrollable powder morphology and reduced flowability, while recently-developed nano-decoration technologies are limited by complicated processing and impurity inclusion. Herein, a facile and scalable approach was developed using ultrafine bubble (UFB)-assisted heteroagglomeration to fabricate high-concentration, impurity-free nanoceramic/metal composite powders. Individual ZrO2 or Al2O3 nanoparticles up to ~ 10 wt% were homogeneously decorated on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V powders through the bridging effect of negatively charged UFBs, leading to enhanced flowability and laser absorptivity. The nanoceramics were completely decomposed and dissolved into the matrix upon laser irradiation; consequently, a unique Ti nanocomposite exhibiting both high strength and ductility was obtained. Our work provides new insights into the application of UFBs and the fabrication of multifunctional AM components.
Optimizing Photobioreactor Panel Arrangement for Maximum Solar Energy Accumulation
Authors: Lee Choul-Gyun , Yoon Jin-Hee , Kim Do Wan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As an eco-friendly energy source, photobioreactors are drawing high interest. In these reactors, phototrophic microorganisms such as microalgae harness solar energy to produce biomass, making the amount of solar energy the most critical factor for the reactors' productivity. In this paper, we present a method to determine the optimal arrangement of photobioreactor panels in an array to maximize the accumulation of solar energy over a specified period. The panels are flat, rectangular, and vertically arrayed with uniform spacing. This arrangement results in the shading of direct solar beams between adjacent panels and illumination from diffuse radiation. We calculate the shaded area, which varies with time, and estimate the illumination effect between panels by determining the solid angle of diffused light sources. We begin by predicting the solar position and local frame vectors in the ecliptic frame using our numerical model and then using the solar radiation model to calculate the accumulated solar energy on the reactor panels. Our optimization goal is efficiency, which balances productivity and installation costs. Installation cost includes the panel price and land value and affects the reactor efficiency, which depends on panel spacing and land area. We use dimensionless efficiency, where all lengths are expressed as ratios to the panel height. Finally, we find the optimal dimensionless spacing and panel tilt angle to provide maximum productivity over the cost at selected locations specified by latitude and longitude.
Comprehensive analysis of FZD7 in immune infiltration and prognosis of pan-cancer and validation in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yu Huajing , Guan Chengjian , Qu Guangzhen , Wei Luyang , Liu Shanshan , Jing Chao , Yin Danyang , Lin Huajun , Zhang Xiaodong , Rao Quan , Wu Hongwei , Liu Kun , Wang Dong , Zhang Zhongtao , Guo Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Frizzled 7, a G protein-coupled receptor, can regulate cell proliferation, migration, and tumorigenesis. The effect of FZD7 on prognosis and the immune microenvironment in pan-cancer remains elusive. Hence, we plan to provide insight into FZD7's role in pan-cancer.
Methods FZD7 expression was analyzed by integrating RNA sequencing data from TCGA and GEO databases. Furthermore, we elucidated the correlation between FZD7 and prognosis, mutation landscape, immune infiltration, and biological function by analyzing multiple databases in pan-cancer. A prognostic risk model was constructed based on the sequencing data of HCC in the TCGA database and its validity was verified in the GEO database. In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to validate FZD7 expression in HCC tumor tissues.
Results Compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues, FZD7 was upregulated in several tumor tissues, especially HCC, and its elevated expression account for tumor progression and poor prognosis. Significant associations were found between FZD7 expression and TMB or MSI in several tumors. Immune infiltration analysis revealed a close link between FZD7 expression and the presence of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, T cell regulatory, as well as the cancer-associated fibroblasts. However, it negatively correlated with CD4+ Th1 cell and CD4+ Th2 infiltration. FZD7-related functional genes were successfully incorporated into the construction and validation of an HCC prognostic risk model.
Conclusion Our study indicated that FZD7 is involved in regulating the progression of several tumors and immune infiltration, while it can serve as an effective prognosis biomarker in pan-cancer, especially HCC. This could shed light on tumor therapy.
Podophyllotoxin enfeebles human oral squamous cell carcinoma through Myeloid cell leukemia-1
Authors: Yu Hyun-Ju , Shin Ji-Ae , Choi Su-Jung , Cho Sung-Dae 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Podophyllotoxin (PPT), which is derived from the podophyllum plant, exhibits marked cytotoxic effects against cancer cells; however, the specific molecular mechanism behind its activity against human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is unknown. In this study, we determined the mechanism by which PPT induces cytotoxicity in two OSCC cell lines, HSC3 and HSC4.
Methods
In this study, the underlying molecular mechanism effects of PPT on cytotoxicity in HSC3 and HSC4 cells were analyzed using Sub-G1 analysis, Annexin V/PI double staining, soft agar assay, Western blotting, and quantitative PCR. The change in the mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed using JC-1 assay and cytosolic and mitochondrial fraction. We also constructed an myeloid cell leukemia‑1 (Mcl-1) overexpression vector and performed transient transfection to study the role of Mcl-1 on apoptosis.
Results
The results showed that PPT inhibits the growth of two human OSCC cell lines and triggers apoptosis, accompanied by mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Compared with controls, PPT reduced the expression of Mcl‑1 in both cell lines through a proteasome-dependent protein degradation process.
Conclusions
Overall, our results suggest that the reduction of Mcl-1 protein by PPT induces apoptosis, which provides a foundation for its continued pre-clinical and clinical study in OSCC.
Bioactive compounds and growth performance of endemic medicinal plants (Cuphea spp.) cultured in aquaponic system
Authors: Flores-Aguilar Priscila S. , Rico-Chávez Amanda Kim , Rodriguez-deLeón Eloy , Toledano-Ayala Manuel , Soto-Zarazúa Genaro M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aquaculture wastewaters are associated with modifying the phytochemical profile in plants when watered with them, thus, aquaponics is a way to improve medicinal plants' quality. This study aimed to analyse the effect caused by a small-scale aquaponic system integrated with Koi carp in the growth performance and modification of bioactive compounds in Cuphea hyssopifolia and Cuphea cyanea. The results showed the aquaponic system design is suitable for keeping Cuphea spp. in a greenhouse or indoor conditions. No statistically significant differences were found in the growth performance in both Cuphea spp. The results for C. hyssopifolia in aquaponic showed that approximately 76% of phenols and more than half of the flavonoids remained in the dry basis of the plant cultivated in aquaponics compared to conventional culture. The apigenin content increased by > 60% (1.63 mg g-1). The results for C. cyanea in aquaponic showed that the phenolic content remained above, and the flavonoids decreased by 53%. The apigenin content decreased by 40% (0.89 mg g-1). The outcomes indicate that aquaponics can promote biostimulation of medicinal plants and increase their bioactive compounds, however, this effect does not occur in the same way between species.