bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body composition of type 2 diabetes patients in Uganda: A case-control study
Authors: Buyinza Ronald , Nsamba Jonathan , Muyingo Anthony , Matovu Nicholas , Nabirye Gloria , Kantengwa Adellah , Akandunda Sandra , Sseguya Wenceslaus , Mathews Elezebeth 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The prevalence of obesity among people diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has been widely documented. However, the specific composition of this body weight remains largely unknown. The study aimed to understand the body composition of T2DM patients using the bioelectric impedance analysis technique, comparing findings to sex and age-matched controls. Materials and Methods: A comparative case-control study was carried out among 139 known cases of Type 2 diabetes aged 18 to 78 years randomly sampled from the diabetic clinic of Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital. We matched them to 139 hospital controls who were healthy non-diabetic attendants. Body composition parameters were computed and summarized as medians and interquartile ranges. Differences in the medians of body composition parameters were further assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Fat-free and fat mass indices were derived to offer a precise estimation of body composition parameters adjusted for height differences among study participants.Results: Cases had significantly higher median systolic blood pressure, pulse rate, weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR), total fat percentage, fat mass amount, Fat Mass Index, visceral fat, and metabolic age than their counterparts, whereas controls had significantly higher median total body water percentage versus cases. The highest significant differences occurred in fat percentage composition (Cases: β: 6.9 (95% C.I: 4.4, 9.4); Controls: Ref) followed by visceral fat (Cases: β: 3.5 (95% C.I: 2.5, 4.4); controls: Ref) and Fat Mass Index (Cases: 95% C.I: 2.6 (95% C.I: 1.6, 3.7). Cases had significantly higher Fat Mass Index, visceral fat and fat percentage (all p0.05) than controls.Conclusions: Routine assessment of body composition of T2DM patients needs to be done to assess the amount, type and pattern of weight gain to prevent increases in adiposity.
Identification of Metabolite Shifts and Early Serum Predictors for Indicators of Remodelling in Diabetes and Nondiabetic Models of Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Kuberapandian Dharaniyambigai , Doss Victor Arokia 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is the asymptomatic enlargement of ventricular walls witnessed in diabetes and hypertension, for which early metabolite differences and prediction are less stated previously.

Aim:
The aim of the study was (i) to understand the metabolic and ventricular events in diabetes and nondiabetes induced CH at the end of 2 weeks and (ii) to identify significant metabolite predictors and pathways that influence the seven metabolic and physiological responders of CH, namely, 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-HB); lactic acid; urea; and electrocardiography (ECG) waves (QRS complex, R amplitude, R-R interval, and heart rate).

Methods:
Diabetic rat models of CH using streptozotocin (40 mg/kg, i. p., single dose), and nondiabetic models using adrenaline (0.3 mg/kg, i. p, 2 weeks) were developed. Blood glucose levels, ECG, heart weight/body weight ratio, histopathological analysis, and serum metabolite analysis using gas chromatography mass spectrometry were performed at the end of 2 weeks. Strong metabolite predictors and pathways were identified using Pearson's correlation, multiple regression (MRA) and metabolite set enrichment (MSEA) analyses.

Results:
The prevalence of CH was observed through preliminary screenings at the end of 2 weeks. Galactose, leucine, erythrose, sorbitol, and valine were identified as significant (P < 0.05) predictors in SZ model, whereas isoleucine, galactose, leucine, inositol, and palmitic acid were identified in ADR model. However, galactose metabolism, branched-chain amino acid, and lactose degradation pathways were mapped as the highly influential apparent pathways during early CH remodeling in both the models.

Conclusion:
This study identified putative initial metabolite shifts, significant predictors pathways that can aid in forecasting, intervention, and prevention of CH.
Court-Ordered Forensic Psychiatric Evaluations for Offenders with Schizophrenia with Homicide Charges in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Hui-Yi , Chou Yu-Ching , Kuo Shin-Chang , Chen Chun-Yen , Chen Tien-Yu , Tzeng Nian-Sheng 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Homicidal offenders with schizophrenia who went through psychiatric evaluations are a small but significant group during a criminal appeal.

Aim:
Our aims are to explore whether the types of crime, such as homicide or not, would be related to the verdicts for the alleged offenders with schizophrenia in Taiwan. Our hypothesis was that homicide cases, rather than other alleged offenses, would be more likely to be regarded as no responsibility (legal insanity) or diminished responsibility for those defendants in the forensic psychiatric evaluation opinions or the court verdicts.

Methods:
A retrospective comparison of the homicide offenders with the nonhomicide offenders with schizophrenia, registered between December 2000 and November 2009, was conducted in the web-based, national, open-access court verdict databank.

Results:
There were 33 (3.4%) in 9691 criminal homicide offenders that had a diagnosis of schizophrenia. There were 33 in the homicide group and 22 in the nonhomicide group. Among these defendants in the homicide group, 3 (9.1%) were regarded as legal insanity, and 21 (63.6%) were regarded as diminished responsibility in comparison to the zero (0%) as legal insanity and nine (40.9%) as diminished responsibility in the nonhomicide group (P = 0.029). In addition, the group with multiple evaluations tended to receive forensic psychiatric opinions as legal insanity (N = 3; 33.3%), and the group with single evaluation tended to receive forensic psychiatric opinions as diminished responsibility (N = 16; 66.67%) (P = 0.017). The group with multiple evaluations tended to be ruled as legal insanity in the court (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
Homicide cases would be more likely to be regarded as legal insanity or diminished responsibility for the defendants with schizophrenia in the forensic psychiatric evaluation opinions or the court verdicts.
The Effect of Using Personal Protective Equipment and Aerosol Box in the Emergency Department on the Intubation Times
Authors: Ramadan H , Altintas E 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Endotracheal intubation is a procedure commonly performed in the emergency department (ED). Endotracheal intubation poses a risk of exposure to infectious aerosol droplets.

Aim:
The present study aims to test the effect of using an aerosol box (AB) and personal protective equipment (PPE) on the intubation time while performing endotracheal intubation manikin.

Subjects and Methods:
The study participants (11 emergency specialists, 11 emergency physicians, and 11 general practitioners) performed endotracheal intubation on a training manikin in three different airway simulations. Simulation 1 had neither PPE nor AB, simulation 2 had PPE, and simulation 3 had both PPE and AB. The intubation times, the number of intubation attempts, and the discomfort caused by the AB were recorded.

Results:
There was no significant difference in the number of intubation attempts between the physicians according to their position and airway simulations (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference at all time points except for the time to endotracheal tube cuff inflation in three different airway simulations using PPE and an AB (p < 0.05). The median intubation times were longer using PPE and an AB.

Conclusion:
The use of PPE and an AB significantly increases the total intubation time.
Effect of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Use on Sepsis and Mortality in Patients with Covıd-19
Authors: Erdem D , Segmen F , Uysal E , Kılıçarslan G 
Published: February 2023

Background:
This study aimed to investigate the effects of omega-3 fatty acid use on sepsis and mortality in patients treated for COVİD-19 disease in the intensive care unit (ICU) based on clinical and laboratory results.

Aim:
To determine the effect of omega-3 fatty acid use on sepsis and mortality in patients with COVİD-19.

Patients and Methods:
A total of 80 patients with confirmed COVİD-19 infection who were hospitalized in the ICU of Ankara City Hospital, received (n = 40) or did not receive (n = 40) omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplementation, were included in this single-center, retrospective study. The clinical and laboratory data of eligible patients were extracted from the hospital records.

Results:
The mean age was 65.5 (13.6). The mean length of stay in the intensive care unit was 11.5 (6.3) days. Mortality and sepsis development rates were similar in the groups. The frequency of patients who received pulse steroid therapy was higher in the group of patients who did not receive omega-3 (P < 0.05). Hypertension was more common in the patient group receiving omega-3 supplements (P < 0.05). Mean procalcitonin and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were significantly lower in patients who received omega-3 supplements compared to those who did not receive supplements (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05). Mean prothrombin time (PT) was shorter in patients receiving omega-3 supplementation (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Study results obtained in this study indicate that providing omega-3 fatty acid supplements may be beneficial to patients with severe COVİD-19, however further research with large-scale randomized controlled trials is necessary.
Elementos para una teoría del lenguaje de los textos periodísticos impresos. Una modalidad discursiva Consideraciones preliminares
Authors: Haber Guerra Yamile 
Published: February 2023

Periodismo cibernético, computacional, digital, electrónico, informático, telemático...,estamos asistiendo a la nueva presentación -imagen en movimiento y sonido incluidos, en tiempo "real" -, del hecho noticiable y con él, de los textos periodísticos. La renovación tecnológica ha sido pensada en función del proceso productivo de la información y no del producto informativo: se moderniza el proceso pero se mantiene el producto, la información, mientras la palabra escrita continúa ahí, en perfecta simbiosis de los sistemas alfabético y alfanumérico.
El periodismo escrito, está presente no sólo como referencia sino como agente activo en proceso de re-enunciación, impera la comunicación intertextual y se generaliza el uso de las técnicas del hipertexto.
The Implication of Aflatoxin B1 Contamination Through Dietary Intake of Farm Products Sold at Selected Markets in Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed B. , Lawan M.S. , Gide S. 
Published: February 2023

A survey was conducted on 100 farm products sold at selected markets in Damaturu to access the levels of AFB1 contamination using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The samples collected include; 20 g each of cereals (rice, millet, maize paste 1, maize 2 and wheat flour), legumes (red beans, groundnut 1, soya bean, white beans, groundnut 2), vegetables (spinach, red onions, garlic, egusi, baobab leaves (kuka) hot pepper, sweet pepper, clove 1, clove 2, moringa, locust bean, okra, dried ginger) and tuber (white cassava). A food sample questionnaire was used to determine the frequency of food consumed and consumption rates. Results of the study revealed that one of the Aflatoxigenic moulds (Aspergillus Niger) is associated with cereal/legume products from both open and stored markets except for protein, minerals, and tuber products. A. flavus (66.67%), A parasiticus (66.67%), Fusarium (50%), and A flavus (50) were associated with cereals, legumes, and beverages in stored markets respectively. The cereal products collected from open and stored markets were found to be contaminated with AFB1 at concentrations of 0.9ppb and 4.1ppb respectively. However, Protein and tuber products were found to be free of any contamination. AFB1 was recorded in beverages(0.66ppb), cereals/legumes (0.37ppb), and minerals (0.5ppb) under the stored market, these results are lower than the limits established by NAFDAC of 10ppb on ready-to-eat foods and 20ppb on other food items. Based on the results obtained, cereal-based food recorded the highest consumption (16.98kg – 88kg) rate per day among the different individuals in each age group while beverages recorded the lowest consumption (1.5g-8.0g) rate per day. The estimated daily intake of AFB1 from individual age groups based on the consumption of different types of food ranged from 0.03-1.16 ng kg-1 body weight day-1. These results suggest that the dietary intake of AFB1, in Damaturu has no adverse health effects on the population.
Optimal Allocation of Buses to Routes Using Linear Programming as a Tool in a Transport Service Authority: A Case Study of Kano State Transport Authority, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi I. , Usman S. , Kabir G.I. , Mustapha A. , Yusuf H.B. , Agaie B.G , Yisa E. 
Published: February 2023

In this paper, new profit maximization for Kano State transport authority resulting from optimal allocation of buses to inter-state routes is considered taking into consideration all the constraints associated. The problem was modeled using linear programming and the TORA (a software for solving linear programming problems) was used to obtained the solution to the modeled problem. The maximum objective value of ₦2,203,900.00 was obtained daily after 16 iterations and this a better result when compared to the current traditional or intuitive schedule by the authority that yielded ₦2,036,000.00 daily. This recommended schedule will yield additional ₦167,900.00 daily and over ₦5,000,000.00 monthly when implemented.
Ameliorative Potential of Elaeis Guineensis on the Histomorphology and Biochemical Status of Liver and Kidney in Wistar Rats Administered with Selected Narcotics
Authors: Ajanwanchukwu W.O. , Omorodion N.T. 
Published: February 2023

The unguided use of drugs is not new in many Nigerian communities. Oil palm has been in used for eons before now and still being used for vast purposes. This study aimed to ascertain level of histomorphological and biochemical alteration of narcotics and possible remedies to combat its effects using Elaeis guineensis Wistar rats. Fifty (50) adult male albino rats were study. They were divided into five (5) equal groups (labeled A to E) of ten (10) rats in each group. Group A (Control) received only normal feed (growers’ mash) and distilled water, B received 0.2 mg/kg bw of tramadol and 0.2mg/kg of codeine, feed and distilled water daily, C received 0.2mg/kg of tramadol and 0.2mg/kg of rohypnol, D received 0.2mg/kg of codeine and 0.2 mg/kg bw of rohypnol, E received 0.2mg/kg of tramadol, 0.2mg/kg of rohypnol and 0.2mg/kg of codeine and Elaeis guineensis extract respectively for 42 days after which the animals were sacrificed, dissected, blood samples and tissues taken and processed. Significant difference (p< 0.05) observed in creatinine, alkaline phosphatase value in group C and E, also urea in group B and E, conjugated bilirubin also in group C. Deleterious effect was observed in the liver and kidney tissue in group B, C and D. Amelioration was observed in group E. E. guinensis had ameliorative potential in the effect of the tested narcotics out did not have reversal effect on the tissue architectures prior to the usage of the drugs
Rethinking God’s Omnibenevolence and Omnipotence in Light of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An African Perspective
Authors: Gwara Joyline , Ogbonnaya L. Uchenna 
Published: February 2023

The reality and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic question God’s omnibenevolence and omnipotence. Two questions that stare us in the face are a) is God omnibenevolent given the current reality? b) is God omnipotent? This paper addresses these questions from the African place using the African theory of duality and its underlying logic, Ezumezu. We argue that the reality of the COVID-19 pandemic and its adverse effects (such as death, hardship and social isolation) do not negate God’s benevolence and powerfulness. We assert that while the current reality cannot sustain a defence of the traditional theistic qualities of omnipotence and omnibenevolence, the notions of a powerful and benevolent God are not necessarily undermined by the reality of Covid-19. In the light of the African theory of duality and Ezumezu logic, we contend that the COVID-19 pandemic brings out the argument that inherent in God’s benevolence is wickedness and inherent in God’s powerfulness is weakness.
The Concept of God in Igbo Traditional Religious Thought
Authors: Ojimba Anthony Chimankpam , Chidubem Victor Iwuoha 
Published: February 2023

This paper examines the concept of God in traditional Igbo-African religious thought, prior to the advent of Western religion, with a view to showing that the idea of a God/Deity who is supreme in every area of life and sphere of influence and who “creates out of nothing,” like the God of the Christian or Western missionaries, is unrecognized in the Igbo-African traditional religious thought. Even though the Igbo conceive of strong and powerful deities that can only reign supreme within their respective sphere of influence where they are in charge, none of these deities is identical to the supreme God promoted by the Christian missionaries. The Igbo traditional religious worldview maintains a polytheistic religious view, unlike the monotheistic outlook of the Christian religion. To achieve its goal, the paper adopts the method of historical hermeneutics and textual analysis.
Чи любите Ви дітей? (Самооцінка педагогом власних почуттів до дітей)
Authors: Артемова Любов , Борова Валентина 
Published: February 2023

У статті висвітлено результати 5-и річного лонгітюдного дослідження проблеми любові дорослих до дітей раннього і дошкільного віку в умовах сім’ї та в контексті педагогічно спрямованого виховання в умовах сучасних закладів дошкільної освіти. Зібрані, проаналізовані й інтерпретовані теоретичні дослідження і практичні факти проявів любові до дітей чи її відсутності у дорослих засвідчують важливість і необхідність дослідження цієї проблеми. Концепцію дослідження побудовано на засадах особистісно зорієнтованого підходу, який реалізовувався в самооцінці та самоаналізі діяльності педагогом закладу дошкільної освіти. Встановлено, що діти з раннього віку потребують любові дорослих. З віком ця потреба зростає і усвідомлюється дошкільнятами. Діти прагнуть і очікують любові від дорослих і страждають, не отримуючи її в достатній повноті. Водночас виявлено, що професійні педагоги не дооцінюють власну спроможність на любов до вихованців і відповідно - не всі задовольняють цю нагальну потребу дітей. Запропоновано долучити до програми самовдосконалення професійних умінь і навичок виховательки: підвищення рівня дієздатності способів спілкування, опанування нових способів взаємодії з вихованцями, пошук індивідуальних способів ефективного спілкування. Встановлено, що вербальне спілкування з дітьми має проходити за допомогою зрозумілого доброзичливого мовлення з виразною вимовою слів і речень та мімікою обличчя, що викликає довіру та бажання налагоджувати дружні взаємини. Діти раннього дошкільного віку мають постійну потребу в тактильних відчуттях, що підсилюють задоволення від ласки та любові дорослих і намагаються задовільнити свою потребу в них. Опрацьовані, досліджені і рекомендовані інструменти самоаналізу і самооцінки педагогами власних проявів любові чи байдужості до дітей доцільно використати, щоб збагатити гуманними позитивними емоціями спілкування дорослих з дітьми у процесі різних видів професійної діяльності.
Розробка управлінських рішень щодо вибору антикризової стратегії АТП
Authors: Бочарова Надія , Тупицька Євгенія 
Published: February 2023

Розглянуто поняття антикризової стратегії. Проаналізовано класифікацію антикризових стратегій за основними ознаками: за стадією антикризового управління, залежно від характеру впливу кризи на діяльність підприємства, залежно від концепції стратегічного управління, залежно від критерію малобюджетності, залежно від прогнозу ситуації на ринку і можливостей самого підприємства, залежно від елементів маркетингу-мікс, залежно від конкурентної позиції та поведінки на ринку та залежно від виду кризи. Запропоновано модель вибору та розроблення антикризової стратегії, що враховує сучасну законодавчу базу, теоретичні основи стратегічного управління, та практику підприємств щодо здійснення заходів по виходу несприятливих ситуацій. Дана модель відображає взаємопов’язаний комплекс стратегічних і оперативних заходів, кожен з яких підпорядковується єдиній меті, цілям і завданням, пов’язаних з реалізацією антикризової політики підприємства, а її елементи можуть мати як захисний, так і наступальний характер. Встановлено, що при виборі стратегії на автотранспортному підприємстві необхідно передбачити локальні прийоми, механізм тактики її реалізації. Виділено три основні стратегії кризового управління: стратегія усунення небажаної конкуренції, стратегія попереджуючої атаки та стратегія відволікаючого маневру. На основі проаналізованих стратегій сформовано алгоритм вибору антикризової стратегії автотранспортним підприємством (АТП). Запропоновано методологічний підхід до формування механізму стратегії на етапі виходу з кризи, що являє собою логічну взаємоузгоджену систему стратегій всіх рівнів ієрархії, методологічне забезпечення та практичний інструментарій її реалізації, які взаємопов’язані між собою. Запропонована методіка опробована на прикладі ПАТ «АТП-15339».
Features of the economy of intellectual business in Ukraine
Authors: Marchuk Lesia 
Published: February 2023

The growing role of innovations, the latest technologies and highly intellectual fields of knowledge has caused the formation of a knowledge-based society, as a result, the intellectualization of the economy. This trend has led to the initiation of the so-called intellectual business, which is based on mental activity aimed at creating an intellectual product. In such economic conditions, there is a need to introduce new approaches to the activities of modern enterprises, taking into account the peculiarities of intellectual property and the nuances of intellectual business management. The article examines the essence of an intellectual product, its relationship with scientific research in the field of economics, the role of intellectual business in the development of an innovative new direction of modern entrepreneurial activity. The main properties of the economy of intellectual business and the peculiarities of marketing of an intellectual product have been revealed. Factors limiting the development of the intellectual business economy of Ukraine are highlighted. An algorithm for creating and promoting a commercially attractive intellectual product has been developed. The trends and prospects for the development of the intellectual product market have been studied, problems and ways to solve them have been determined. Recommendations for the development of the intellectual business economy market in Ukraine are offered.