bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Strategies in Acute Subdural Hematoma: A Meta-Analysis of Decompressive Craniectomy vs. Craniotomy
Authors: Shafique Muhammad Ashir , Mustafa Muhammad Saqlain , Kumar Aashish , Rangwala Burhanuddin Sohail , Abdullah Muhammad , Ali Syed Muhammad Sinaan , Haseeb Abdul 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Acute subdural hematoma (SDH) stands as a significant contributor to morbidity after severe traumatic brain injuries. The primary treatment approach for patients experiencing progressive neurological deficits or notable mass effects is the surgical removal of the hematoma, which can be achieved through craniotomy or craniectomy. Nevertheless, the choice between these two procedures remains a subject of ongoing debate and controversy.
METHOD
We conducted a comprehensive literature review, utilizing prominent online databases and manually searching references related to craniotomy and craniectomy for subdural hematoma evacuation up to July 2023. Our analysis focused on outcome variables such as the presence of residual subdural hematoma, the need for revision procedures, and overall clinical outcomes.
RESULT
We included a total of 10 comparative studies in our analysis, encompassing 3,933 patients, with 2,734 undergoing craniotomy and 1,199 undergoing craniectomy, meeting the inclusion criteria. Patients who underwent craniectomy displayed significantly lower scores on the Glasgow Coma Scale during their initial presentation. Following surgery, the craniectomy group exhibited a significantly reduced rate of residual subdural hematoma (p = 0.004), with no notable difference in the revision rate. Additionally, the likelihood of a poor outcome during follow-up was lower in the craniotomy group (33.1% vs. 42.7%, p = 0.001). Likewise, the mortality rate was lower in the craniotomy group compared to the craniectomy group, with an odds ratio of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.40-1.07, p = 0.004).
CONCLUSION
The debate over the safety and effectiveness of craniotomy versus decompressive craniectomy for treating acute subdural hematoma (SDH) persists. In our recent investigation, we observed that craniectomy was linked to a more unfavorable clinical presentation and postoperative outcomes when compared to craniotomy. Nonetheless, it is worth noting that craniectomy demonstrated a lower incidence of residual SDH after treatment.
Diminished circadian and ultradian rhythms in pathological brain tissue in human in vivo
Authors: Wang Yujiang , Panagiotopoulou Mariella , Thornton Christopher , Chowdhury Fahmida , Duncan John , McEvoy Andrew , de Tisi Jane , Taylor Peter , Gascoigne Sarah , Smith Billy , Diehl Beate , Miserocchi Anna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Chronobiological rhythms, such as the circadian rhythm, have long been linked to neurological disorders, but it is currently unknown how pathological processes affect the expression of biological rhythms in the brain.

Here, we use the unique opportunity of long-term, continuous intracranially recorded EEG from 38 patients (totalling 6338 hours) to delineate circadian and ultradian rhythms in different brain regions. We show that functional circadian and ultradian rhythms are diminished in pathological tissue, independent of regional variations. We further demonstrate that these diminished rhythms are persistent in time, regardless of load or occurrence of pathological events.

These findings provide the first evidence that brain pathology is functionally associated with persistently diminished chronobiological rhythms in vivo in humans, independent of regional variations or pathological events. Future work interacting with, and restoring, these modulatory chronobiological rhythms may allow for novel therapies.
Comparative Study on The Difference of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Influencing Factors between Middle-aged and Elderly People in Coastal Areas and Inland Areas of China: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Ying , Liu Wanheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background.
Osteoarthritis is a common chronic disease that occurs mainly in synovial joints, progresses slowly, and manifests itself as localized destruction of articular cartilage with osteophytes or bony lip formation in the adjacent subchondral bone plate.Osteoarthritis seriously affects the quality of life and health status of patients, and increases the burden of medical care and old-age care on families and society, and middle-aged people, as "quasi-elderly people," need to be the focus of observation for early prevention.
Objective.
To analyze the differences in the prevalence and influencing factors of osteoarthritis in middle-aged and elderly people ≥45 years old between coastal and inland areas in China.
Methods.
Based on data from the 2018 China Health and Aged Care Tracking Survey (CHARLS), regional differences in the prevalence and influencing factors of rheumatoid arthritis in middle-aged and elderly people in coastal and inland areas were analyzed using the c2 test and logistic regression model.
Results.
The prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in middle-aged and elderly people is significantly higher in inland areas than in coastal areas (c2= 21.897, P < 0.001), and there are commonalities and characteristics of influencing factors. Physical pain and self-assessment of health status were the same factors affecting the development of rheumatoid arthritis in middle-aged and older adults in coastal and inland areas, while mute or stuttering disability was only affected middle-aged and elderly people in coastal areas. Compared with baseline good status, the incidence of osteoarthritis in middle-aged and elderly people with poor self-rated health status increased by 57.5% (OR=0.425, 95%CI: 0.285-0.632) in inland areas and 53.3% in coastal areas. Compared with middle-aged and elderly people with physical pain, the incidence of osteoarthritis in middle-aged and elderly people without physical pain in inland areas was reduced by 57.2% (OR=0.428, 95%CI: 0.316~0.581), and that in coastal areas was reduced by 70.3% (OR=0.297, 95%CI: 0.190~0.466).
Conclusion.
According to the different influencing factors in coastal areas and inland areas, the prevention and treatment strategies were formulated, provide regional medical services and rehabilitation guidance.
Research hotspot and trend of plant water use in karst: A bibliometric analysis from 1984 to 2022
Authors: Zhu Degen , Ning Jing , Yang Hui , Pu Junbing , Cao Jianhua , Zhou Mengxia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Research on the ecohydrological processes of terrestrial plants is a frontier field comprising ecology, hydrology and global change research, yielding the key theoretical foundations of ecohydrology. The basic characteristics of the inorganic environment in a karst ecosystem are a lack of water, a lower amount of soil and high amounts of calcium. Vegetation growing in karst areas has certain particularities and a greater degree of complexity compared with other ecosystems. To comprehensively and intuitively understand the current progress and development trends in plant water use research focusing on karst areas, this paper uses the VOSviewer software to analyze the literature on plant water use in karst areas between 1984 and 2022. The results show that: (1) Research on plant water use in karsts has developed rapidly worldwide, and the number of relevant studies in the literature has increased year by year, which together means that it is attracting more and more attention. (2) Research on plant water sources, the geological background of karst areas, seasonal arid tropical climates, the relationship between δ13C values and plant water use efficiency, karst plant water use in karst savannas and subtropical areas, and ecosystems under climate change yields the knowledge base in this field. (3) Most studies in this area focus on the division of water sources of plants in karst areas, the methods of studying the water use sources of plants, and the water use strategies and efficiency of plants. (4) The functional response of plant water use in karst areas to the influence of the Earth's critical zones, the impact of climate change on plant water use in karst areas, the phenomenon of ecohydrological separation in karst areas, and explorations at the community scale and in the spatial dimension will be the focus of future research. These studies will provide key scientific basis for guiding ecological restoration in karst areas and promoting regional sustainable development and are important research directions in the future.
Prime-Induced Illusion of Control: The influence of unconscious priming on self-initiated actions and the role of regression to the mean
Authors: Kiepe Fabian , Hesselmann Guido 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

To what degree human cognition is influenced by subliminal stimuli is a controversial empirical question. One striking example was reported by Linser and Goschke (2007): participants overestimated how much control they had over objectively uncontrollable stimuli when masked congruent primes were presented immediately before the action. Critically, however, unawareness of the masked primes was established by post hoc data selection. In our preregistered study we sought to explore these findings while examining prime visibility prior to the main experiment so that each participant underwent both visible and non-visible conditions. In Experiment 1, including semantic primes, N = 39 participants adjusted prime visibility by individually modifying prime contrast and judged their subjective experience of control over the effect-stimulus' identity based on their key-presses, using a rating scale that ranged from 0% (no control) to 100% (complete control). Contrary to Linser and Goschke (2007)'s findings, this experiment demonstrated that predictive information influenced the experience of agency only when primes were consciously processed. In Experiment 2, utilizing symbolic (arrow) primes and incorporating an inter-stimulus interval of 64ms to adjust prime awareness, N = 35 participants had to rate their feeling of control over the effect-stimulus’ identity during a forced-choice paradigm. The results revealed no significant influence of subliminal priming on agency perceptions. In summary, this study implies that unconscious stimuli may not exert a substantial influence on the conscious experience of agency, underscoring the need for careful consideration of methodological aspects and experimental design's impact on observed phenomena.
Approaches to Modeling and Oversight in Mechatronic Systems: Methodological Insights
Authors: Dinulescu Dorin Mihail 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

This paper introduces a comprehensive methodology for the assessment, safe operation, and supervision of mechatronic systems. The objective is to systematically analyse mechatronic systems and establish effective supervisory frameworks. To achieve this, we leverage the Safe-Structured Analysis Design Technique (Safe-SADT) formalism to evaluate overall system reliability and the Grafcet modeling approach to capture control-command aspects in mechatronic systems. We also outline the practical steps involved in implementing WinCC for mechatronic system supervision. This methodology empowers in-depth exploration of mechatronic systems during the design phase.
Modeling of the Economic Value of Ecosystem Services for Sustainable Resource Management in Northern Ethiopian Highlands
Authors: Gidey Eskinder , Mhangara Paidamwoyo , Birhane Emiru , Gidey Medhn , Dikinya Oagile , Lottering Romano , Nasir Jemal , Tadesse Tewodros , Hishe Solomon , Rannestad Meley Mekonen , Girma Atkilt , Teweldebirhan Sarah , Wolde–Georgis Tsegay , Ngwenya Mthulisi , Zenebe Amanuel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Nature offers meaningful solutions to the climate crisis as we look to a world of greater risk and uncertainty with climate change. But while we know that nature is vital, we also know that we are losing nature at a rate unprecedented in human history. Global forest area is projected to decline gradually, which may affect existing ecosystem services (ESs) and the ecological and economic benefits of these services. We analyzed the ESs provision value of the Hugumburda State Forest (HSF) and the Southern Tigray-northern Ethiopian highlands, which was based on optical remote sensing, the Ecosystem Services Provision Index (ESPI), and the revised ESs valuation coefficients under different scenarios and the ecosystem services value function (ESVf). The forest coverage of HSF is anticipated to increase by 19.1 Km2 (3.8%) until 2030 from its earlier coverage of 88.6 km2 in the year 2020. As a result, ecosystem services value (ESV) provisions are expected to increase, sustain, and improve the local community's well–being by 1.88 million US$ ha–1 year–1. We also found a significant relationship between the ESV of forestland, shrubland, arable land, grassland, and water body and their area expansion (p < 0.01). The ESPI showed a higher value in the forest & grassland areas (0.38), whereas it was lower in water bodies (–0.51). HSF provides higher-level regulating services than provisioning, supporting, and cultural services. The combined use of optical remote sensing and ESPI is essential for developing a cost-effective ESs provision management framework regarding environmental and social benefits.
Identification of key proteins related to cashmere fibre diameter by integrated proteomics and bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Zhang Chongyan , Qin Qing , Liu Zhichen , Wang Yichuan , Lan Mingxi , Zhao Dan , Kong Deqing , Zhang Jingwen , Wang Zhixin , Li Jinquan , Liu Zhihong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Goat (Capra hircus) has always been a source of fibre for human use and holds an important place in international high-end textiles. Fibre diameter is the most concerned economic indicator for producers. Understanding the formation mechanism of fibre diameter and related key proteins can help optimize and control the production of cashmere. Although mass spectrometry (MS)-based workflows have made great progress in achieving near-genome-wide coverage, the equivalent complete map of cashmere proteome is still elusive. Here, we performed label-free liquid chromatography coupled with tandem MS to profile the cashmere proteome. Firstly, by measuring the fibre diameter, it was found that the average fibre diameter of Alxa cashmere was significantly smaller than that of Alpas. With the help of proteomics technology,170 proteins were detected with high confidence. A total of 68 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the two cashmere, 131 proteins were specifically expressed in Alpas, and 40 proteins were specifically expressed in Alxa. Through Gene Ontology enrichment analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, Protein-Protein Interaction network construction, and the CytoHubba plugin of the Cytoscape software were used to interpret the proteomic data. Finally, KRT10, KRT14, KRT17, and KRT82 played a key role in leading to the difference in the diameter of the two fibres. Combined with bioinformatics, the structure and function of these proteins were further studied to provide a more comprehensive perspective for understanding the regulation mechanism of cashmere diameter. At the same time, combined with the information on genetics and gene expression, the genetic factors and epigenetic regulation mechanisms affecting cashmere fibre diameter can be further studied.
Lower Eyelid Retraction Repair Using Autologous Auricular Scapha Cartilage
Authors: Bilge Ayşe Dolar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate lower eyelid retraction surgery using autologous auricular scapha cartilage (anterior surface groove between helix and anti helix) and present its surgical results in a group of patients.
Methods: Medical records of 21 patients who underwent lower eyelid retraction surgery using scapha cartilage were reviewed. Retractions were longstanding (6 months to 20 years), with 1 mm or more inferior scleral show, and due to previous lower eyelid blepharoplasty, facial palsy or congenital retraction. Lateral canthotomy, cantholysis, subtarsal conjunctiva-lower eyelid retractors incision, lower eyelid retractor lysis and suturing of the cartilage graft to the defect area without conjunctival cover, and tighteneing of the lateral canthal corner were performed in all patients.
Results: Twenty nine eyelids in 21 patients were operated. There were no per-operative complications. During the follow-up period (mean 11 months; range 6-30 months), lower lid retraction improved in 96,5% of eyelids. The mean postoperative margin to refle distance measurements (MRD2) was statistically significantly lower compared with preoperatives (p=0,001; p<0,01). Average MRD2-a (midpupil to lower lid) and MRD2-b (lateral limbus to lower lid) improvements were 1,77±0,80 and 2,04±0,81 respectively (p=0,001; p<0,01).
Four eyelids (4/29) were revised because of canthal corner loosening. All four already had two or more repairs elsewhere and require correction with periosteal flaps. The graft was visible in two lids but revision was not required. One patient had mild donor area helix deformity that did not require futher intervention.
Conclusion: Many lower lid retractions that have no middle or posterior lamellar shortening can be corrected without grafting. However in those cases of lower lid retraction associated with middle/posterior lamella shortening, auricular scapha cartilage spacer graft is useful. Its advantages include ease of harvest with low complication rate at the donor site; being autologous, it is stable and does not shrink; it is softer compared to posterior cartilage and has a concavity that fits well on the globe.
Multi-Category Prediction of Students’ Academic Performance Using Machine Learning: For Students Joining Higher Educational Institutions in Ethiopia
Authors: Ahmed Abdulkadir , Tolera Daniel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Following the deployment of the Learning Management System (LMS) platform in higher educational institutions in Ethiopia, a massive amount of potentially helpful but as-yet untapped educational data has been generated. Despite the fact that the data is powerful enough to contribute to reducing student dropout rates through the application of modern educational data mining techniques such as machine learning, it has not been successfully employed to tackle student academic performance problems in higher education institutions(HEIs). As a result, a machine learning model was proposed based on data from three semesters of undergraduate students at Bule Hora University. To predict students' academic achievement, five machine learning methods (SVM, Random Forest, KNN, Gradient Boosting, and Decision Tree) were used. The Decision Tree model outperformed other models with a promising result of 97.3% on test accuracy and was selected as a proposed model. Moreover, our findings suggest that academic factors (entrance result, study time, attendance, and Internet access) and socio-demographic factors (age, gender, father job, mother job, family size, and address) had a greater impact on students' academic success. However, the academic performance of students was less affected by additional features like extra classes, another job, and guidance and counselling. Moreover, we are working on improving the accuracy of the proposed model. In this study, the student entrance result is the only variable used from the pre-university data. However, a CGPA result is not sufficient to qualify a student. Therefore, in the future, the exit exam results of the students will be incorporated.
Gender and underemployment in Cameroun
Authors: Bea Clarence Mickaël , Ndongo Jean Colbert Awomo , Akono Christian Marie Zamo , Ntamack Simon Alain Song 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper analyzes disparities in visible and invisible underemployment between men and women in Cameroon using data from the Employment and Informal Sector Survey conducted in 2010. The results indicate that a single woman is less likely to be visibly underemployed than a woman living in a couple; a high endowment of human capital, on the other hand, tends to increase this type of underemployment. Similarly, for women working in the informal sector, there is a lower probability of being invisibly underemployed than for women working in the formal public sector. We suggest: introducing positive discrimination in favor of women by, for example, imposing quotas when recruiting for formal public and private jobs; creating formal jobs in rural areas; and insisting on a school enrollment policy geared towards increasing female attendance.
Jel: J13, J16, J22, J24, J78.
Solution synthesis of two-dimensional ZnO / MoS2 heterostructure through reactive templating for enhanced visible-light degradation of Rhodamine B (RB)
Authors: Liu Lili , Chen Ping , zhang xin , Kovarik Libor , De Yoreo James , Liu Jun , Sushko Maria L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Numerous inorganic materials have been identified as potential candidates for high-performance photocatalysts. However, their solar-to-energy conversion efficiencies still fail to meet commercial requirements. The main hurdle is the rapid recombination of photoexcited electrons and holes in single-phase materials. A viable predicted approach to suppress charge recombination is coupling two materials to form a two-dimensional (2D) heterostructure that physically separates photoinduced electrons and holes in different layers. In this work, the heterostructure-based paradigm was tested and a scalable solution synthesis of epitaxial ZnO-MoS2 heterostructure was developed. A 2D ZnO-MoS2 heterostructure was synthesized under hydrothermal conditions by stabilizing intermediate Zn-hydroxide states on a functionalized MoS2 surface. Detailed characterization showed the formation of multilayer heterostructure with MoS2 flakes intercalated between large size ZnO plates. The performance of this heterostructure was evaluated using photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B. A degradation efficiency of 70 % was measured within 90 minutes of visible-light irradiation, almost doubling the efficiency of the corresponding single-phase materials or their physical mixtures.