bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on the influence of patient cost-sharing on medical expenses and health outcomes: Taking patients with heart failure as an example
Authors: Zhang Huyang , Ning Ke , Wang Jinxi , Fang Hai 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to assess the impact of the changes in patient cost-sharing on the medical expenses and health outcomes of patients with heart failure in China.MethodsThe claim data of patients diagnosed with heart failure enrolled in the Urban Employees' Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) in the Zhejiang province, China, was used, covering the period from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2017. The impact of the policy change was estimated through the use of the difference-in-differences method and the event study method.ResultsA total of 6,766 patients and their electronic health insurance claim data were included in the baseline year of 2013. Following the change in the UEBMI reimbursement policies (policy change), a notable decrease was observed in the patient cost-sharing ratios, particularly in the copayment ratio within the policy. However, it did not result in a reduction of the out-of-pocket ratio, which remains a primary concern among patients. An increase was observed in annual outpatient medical expenses, while annual inpatient medical expenses decreased, leading to higher annual medical expenses in the treatment group in comparison to the control group. The effect of the UEBMI reimbursement policy change on health outcomes showed a reduction in the rehospitalization rate within 90 days; however, no significant impact was seen on the rehospitalization rate within 30 days.ConclusionThe impact of the policy change on medical expenses and health outcomes was found to be modest. To effectively address the financial burden on patients, it is crucial for policymakers to adopt a comprehensive approach that considers all aspects of medical insurance policies, including reimbursement policies.
Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality of neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections, 1990–2019
Authors: Li Jie , Shen Lin , Qian Kun 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundNeonatal infections, especially neonatal sepsis, are one of the major causes of incidence and mortality in pediatrics. However, the global burden of neonatal sepsis and other neonatal infections (NSNIs) remains unclear.MethodsFrom the 2019 global disease burden study, we collected annual incident cases, deaths, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), and age-standardized deaths rates (ASDRs) of NSNIs in the past 30 years. Analysis indicators included the percentage of relative changes in incident cases and deaths, and the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of ASIRs and ASDRs. Correlations were assessed between the EAPCs of ASIRs and ASDRs and social evaluation indicators, including sociodemographic index (SDI) and universal health coverage index (UHCI).ResultsGlobally, the number of incident cases of NSNIs grew by 12.79% per year, and the number of deaths dropped by 12.93% per year. During this period, global ASIR of NSNIs increased by 46% annually on average, while ASDR decreased by 53% annually on average. The ASIR and ASDR of female NSNIs were consistently lower than that of male NSNIs. The EAPC of female ASIR was 0.61, nearly twice that of male ASIR, and female ASIR was growing rapidly. The same declining trends of ASDR were noted in males and females. The ASIR of NSNIs in high-SDI regions grew by an average of 14% annually from 1990 to 2019. Except for high-SDI regions, the ASIRs of other 4 SDI regions maintained a rising trend at a high level, and were improved in the past 10 years. The ASDRs of all 5 SDI regions generally showed a downward trend. The region with the highest ASIR of NSNIs was Andean Latin America, and Western Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest mortality. We found a negative correlation between EAPCs of ASDRs and UHCI in 2019.ConclusionThe global health situation was still not optimal. The incidence of NSNIs remained high, and continues to rise. The mortality of NSNIs has decreased, especially in the countries/territories with high UHCI. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the overall awareness and management of NSNIs, and take interventions for NSNIs worldwide.
COVID-19 Vaccination Refusal—Which Factors are Related in the Czech Republic, One of the Most Affected Countries in the World?
Authors: Zidkova Radka , Malinakova Klara , van Dijk Jitse P. , Tavel Peter 
Published: March 2023

Objective: This study examined the willingness to get vaccinated and the factors influencing this attitude in extreme settings—in the Czech Republic (at the time of the survey, the third-worst affected country in the world).Methods: We used national data from the general adult Czech population (N = 1,401) and measured attitudes towards vaccination, sociodemographic characteristics, government trust, knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines, personal characteristics, depression and anxiety.Results: Respondents who were more likely to refuse the vaccine were: female, younger, living without a partner, self-employed or unemployed, living in a town, believers outside the church, and did not trust the government, obtained information about the vaccine from social media, were extroverts and depressed. Conversely, respondents who were less likely to refuse the vaccine were: pensioners, people with higher education, respondents with better real knowledge about the COVID-19 vaccines, those who obtained information about the vaccine from an expert and those who had higher scores in neuroticism.Conclusion: This study thus offers a deeper understanding of the factors that might influence vaccine intention and subsequently the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Essential Oil of Citrus lumia Risso and Poit. ‘Pyriformis’ Shows Promising Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Neuromodulatory Effects
Authors: Smeriglio Antonella , Alloisio Susanna , Barbieri Raffaella , Ingegneri Mariarosaria , Malaspina Paola , Burlando Bruno , Cornara Laura , Trombetta Domenico 
Published: March 2023

Citrus lumia Risso and Poit. ‘Pyriformis’ are horticultural varieties of Citrus lumia Risso. The fruit is very fragrant and pear-shaped, with a bitter juice, a floral flavor, and a very thick rind. The flavedo shows enlarged (0.74 × 1.16 mm), spherical and ellipsoidal secretory cavities containing the essential oil (EO), visible using light microscopy, and more evident using scanning electron microscopy. The GC-FID and GC-MS analyses of the EO showed a phytochemical profile characterized by the predominance of D-limonene (93.67%). The EO showed interesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities (IC50 0.07–2.06 mg/mL), as evaluated by the in vitro cell-free enzymatic and non-enzymatic assays. To evaluate the effect on the neuronal functional activity, the embryonic cortical neuronal networks grown on multi-electrode array chips were exposed to non-cytotoxic concentrations of the EO (5–200 µg/mL). The spontaneous neuronal activity was recorded and the mean firing rate, mean burst rate, percentage of spikes in a burst, mean burst durations and inter-spike intervals within a burst parameter were calculated. The EO induced strong and concentration-dependent neuroinhibitory effects, with IC50 ranging between 11.4–31.1 µg/mL. Furthermore, it showed an acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity (IC50 0.19 mg/mL), which is promising for controlling some of the key symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases such as memory and cognitive concerns.
Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on ZnO-Au Nanocomposites for the Determination of Ochratoxin A in Wine and Beer
Authors: Zhang Sai , Wang Yahui , Sheng Qinglin , Yue Tianli 
Published: March 2023

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is positively correlated with an increased risk of developing cancer in nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic patients. Therefore, it is of great significance for the highly sensitive, highly selective, and timely detection of OTA. We described here an electrochemical aptasensor for OTA analysis, which took advantage of the favorable properties of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized zinc oxide (ZnO) composites and the intercalative binding between methylene blue (MB) and nucleic acid. There were two label-free aptamers: one to capture OTA and another serving as complementary DNA (cDNA), enabling connection to the ZnO-Au composite’s immobilized electrode. Once OTA was present, the aptamer could capture OTA and detach from the electrode interface, thus, preventing MB from accessing electrode surface for efficient electron transfer; a decreased peak current was monitored by differential pulse voltammetry. The aptasensor presented nice analytical performance for OTA detection in the range of 0.1–30,000 pg·mL−1, with a detection limit of 0.05 pg·mL−1. Moreover, the developed biosensor could be applied to actual sample (wine and beer) analysis.
Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematodes
Authors: Reshkova Valentina Simeonova , Monov Simeon 
Published: March 2023

A biomarker is defined as a genetic, biological, biochemical or molecular event, whose alterations correlate with the pathogenesis and/or manifestations of a disease and can be evaluated qualitatively and/or quantitatively in laboratories. Biomarkers are used for diagnosis, assessment of activity and better understanding of the pathogenesis of SLE (systemic lupus erythematodes). Biomarkers in SLE are conditionally subdivided into markers of genetic susceptibility, markers of diagnosis and markers of disease activity. Recent genetic studies of SLE have focused on correlating SLE (susceptibility, disease spectrum and severity) with polymorphisms of hypothetical candidate genes. These include genes coding for mannose-binding lectin (MBL), cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-21, TNF-α and osteopontin), chemokines (MCP-1), cytokine receptors/antagonists (type II TNF-α receptor and IL-1 receptor antagonist), Fcγ receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIb, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), IFNα, programmed death protein-1 (PD-1; also known as PDCD-1) and other cell surface receptors (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. Biomarkers for diagnostic are anti-dsDNA, erythrocyte-bound C4d/Erythrocyte-CR1 and platelet-bound C4d. Markers of disease activity are complement components, cytokines, soluble cytokine receptors IL-2R, TNFR, IL-1Ra, soluble molecules expressed on the cell surface − BLyS (BAFF), CD27, CD154, endothelial dysfunction markers − sICAM, sVCAM, thrombomodulin, circulating endothelial cells, acute-phase proteins − CRP, ferritin. Genetic testing for biomarkers in SLE patients is currently being introduced in the Rheumatology Clinic to “Sv. Ivan Rilski” Multiprofile University Hospital for Active Treatment, Sofia, Bulgaria. Its performance is expected to help solve multiple unmet needs in SLE patients – precise diagnosis, identification and prediction of the timing of disease flares, clinical assessment and adequate treatment approach.
Morphological and Biomolecular of the Atergatis floridus Crab in the Intertidal Zone of the Minanga Coast, Manado City
Authors: Siahaan Tamara Angela Gabriela , Paransa Darus Saadah J. , Paulus James J.H. , Wullur Stenly , Mangindaan Remy E.P. , Pangemanan Pankie 
Published: March 2023

This study examines the morphology and biomolecules of the Atergatis floridus crab found in the Intertidal Zone of the Minanga Beach, Manado City. Species identification was carried out by morphological and biomolecular analysis of DNA barcoding using the COI gene. Samples were collected in February and the isolation stage was in March 2022. The method used was the roaming method, namely exploring the research location to catch samples of crabs on the coast and catching crabs directly using hands protected with gloves and a flashlight for lighting. The morphological characters of concern are the shape of the carapace color and the anterior, posterior and abdominal characters. Furthermore, muscle tissue samples were taken from the crab claws for DNA isolation and sequencing processes at the company's first base laboratories, Malaysia. Based on the results of the research, samples that have been studied morphologically and sequenced show that 99.70% of the species are Atergatis floridus.
Keywords: Atergatis floridus; DNA barcode; Manado City; morphology
Morfologi dan Biomolekuler Kepiting Atergatis floridus di Zona Intertidal Pesisir Pantai Minanga, Kota Manado
ABSTRAK
Studi ini menelaah morfologi dan biomolekuler kepiting Atergatis floridus yang terdapat di Zona Intertidal Pesisir Pantai Minanga, Kota Manado. Identifikasi spesies dilakukan dengan pendekatan analasis morfologi dan biomolekuler DNA barcoding menggunakan Gen COI. Sampel dikoleksi pada bulan Februari dan tahapan isolasi pada bulan Maret 2022. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode jelajah, yakni menjelajahi lokasi penelitian untuk menangkap sampel kepiting di pesisir pantai dan penangkapan kepiting secara langsung menggunakan tangan yang dilindungi dengan sarung tangan dan senter untuk penerangan. Karakter morfologi yang menjadi perhatian adalah bentuk warna karapas dan karakter anterior, posterior dan abdomen. Selanjutnya diambil sampel jaringan otot pada bagian capit kepiting untuk dilakukan isolasi DNA dan proses sekuensing pada perusahaan first base laboratories, Malaysia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sampel yang telah ditelaah secara morfologi dan disekuens menunjukkan bahwa 99.70% spesies tersebut adalah Atergatis floridus.
Kata kunci: Atergatis floridus; DNA barkoding; Kota Manado; morfologi
Data Cleansing with Minimum Distortion for ML-Based Equipment Anomaly Detection
Authors: Hsieh Yun-Cheng , Chen Chieh-Yu , Liao Da-Yin , Lin Chung-Kuang , Chang Shi-Chung 
Published: March 2023

<p>Semiconductor manufacturing has been extensively exploiting machine-learning (ML) to process equipment sensory data (ESD) for near-real time anomaly detection (AD). ESD characteristics are highly diversified and data lengths vary among processing steps and cycles. Cleansing ESD with minimum distortion (CMD) to fit the fixed-length input requirement by ML-based AD is critical to AD effectiveness and is challenging. This paper presents a novel CMD method of four innovations: i) statistical mode-based equalization of step data lengths for the least number of step data length changes, ii) importance indicator value (IIV) of a data sample based on its relative difference with the subsequent sample, and iii) step data segmentation into groups based on samples of significant IIVs and the least-entropy-group-to-cleanse-first rule, and iv) cleansing the least IIV sample(s) in the selected group for step data length equalization. CMD application to ESD demonstrates its characteristics preservation property. Simulation experiments are on an integration of data cleansing with an unsupervised ML-based AD system, STALAD. Comparisons with two benchmark methods over AD scenarios of small-scale drifts and shifts show that CMD not only is superior in facilitating accurate detection by STALAD but also helps detect anomaly much earlier than using the two benchmarks.</p>
أثر التضخم في أداء سوق العراق للأوراق المالية للمدة (-2007 2018)
Authors: الشرع عقيل , الجنابي حسام 
Published: March 2023

يهدف هذ البحث الى قياس أثر التضخم في العراق في أداء سوق العراق للأوراق المالية للمدة (2007-2018 ) ، تناول البحث المفاهيم النظرية المرتبطة بكل من التضخم ومؤشرات سوق الاوراق المالية المتمثلة بـ ( القيمة السوقية ، حجم التداول ، عدد الاسهم ، معدل دوران السهم )، ولغرض تحقيق أهداف البحث تم صياغة الفرضيات وتم اختبارها بوسائل إحصائية ، لغرض قياس أثر معدل التضخم في العراق في أداء سوق العراق للأوراق المالية تم استخدام الاسلوب التحليلي، فضلاً عن استخدم البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS 26) اذ تم استخدام اسلوب الانحدار المتعدد لقياس المتغير المستقل المتمثل بالتضخم على المتغيرات التابعة المتمثلة بـ ( القيمة السوقية ، حجم التداول ، عدد الاسهم ، معدل دوران السهم )، وقد توصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات واهمها عدم وجود علاقة طردية بين معدل التضخم ومؤشرات إداء سوق العراق للأوراق المالية خلال مدة الدراسة ، ثم اختتم البحث بمجموعة من التوصيات التي من اهمها رفع قيمة العملة المحلية وزيادة القوة الشرائية للمستهلك مما يساهم في القضاء على ظاهرة ارتفاع اسعار السلع في السوق المحلية. وكذلك تطوير الإمكانات المالية في الـسوق الماليـة في العراق يتوجب تحقيق قدر كاف من الاستقرار الاقتصادي والسياسي والأمني لغرض تشجيع الاستثمارات ت وخاصة عن طريق تحفيز رؤوس الأموال الأجنبية واستقطابها نحو الداخل .
أزمة الثقة السياسية العراقية بعد 2003
Authors: شبيب أسعد , حسين ميثم 
Published: March 2023

من أجل بناء دولة ذات معالم واضحة وقوية لابد من يكون نظام الحكم بارزا وآلية تشكيل الحكومة واضحة المعالم ووفق أسس قانونية وأداء سياسي ناجح وظروف طبيعية لولادتها وبعيدا عن الأزمات.
ويقوم البحث على فرضية مفادها أن ازمة الثقة في الدولة العراقية لم تكن وليدة الحاضر بل موجودة منذ تأسيس الدولة العراقية وقد تفاقمت بعد 2003 وهذه الازمة أدت الى العديد من المشاكل بين الشعب والسلطة في المجالين السياسي والاجتماعي.
وقسم البحث على فصلين، تناول المبحث الأول ماهية الازمة في حين اختص المبحث الثاني بدراسة الازمات السياسية في العراق.
آراء المستبصرين العرب في العقائد الوهابية في القرن العشرين
Authors: المدني علي , عبد الرزاق زينب 
Published: March 2023

ركز البحث الموسوم (اراء المستبصرين العرب في العقائد الوهابية في القرن العشرين) على توضيح اراء المستبصرين العرب بعقيدة الحركة الوهابية ، و تنطوي وجهة نظر المستبصرين الوصول الى حقيقة الادعاءات التي كان يصرح بها الوهابية و الأخطاء التي وقعت بها من افتراءات و أكاذيب نسبتها للمذاهب الأخرى ، فكان ردهم توضيحا للحقائق ونقدهم لهذه الحركة من داخلها بحكم انتماء البعض منهم لها و اطلاعهم على كل افكارها و معتقداتها و بناء على ذلك تم الرد على الحركة الوهابية .
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MODEL QUANTUM UNTUK MENGATASI KECEMASAN MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Emilianus Jehadus  
Published: March 2023

Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Model Quantum untuk Mengatasi Kecemasan Matematika Siswa. Kecemasan matematika adalah suatu perasaan takut, cemas, tertekan, tak berdaya, gangguan mental dan rasa takut yang tidak menyenangkan ketika diharuskan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan matematika. Kecemasan matematika merupakan salah satu faktor yang paling signifikan menghambat pemahaman siswa terhadap materi pembelajaran. Berdasarkan study di SMP Katolik Sta. Clara, penulis menemukan beberapa siswa cemas dengan matematika. Untuk mengetahui kecemasan matematika, siswa diberikan tes diagnostik yaitu tes kecemasan matematika. Model pembelajaran quantum sebagai salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi kecemasan matematika siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan proses dan hasil pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran model quantum yang baik pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel dan mengetahui keefektifan pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran quantum untuk mengatasi kecemasan matematika siswa pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan. Penelitian ini menerapkan model pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran model 4-D. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMPK Santa Clara yang mengalami kecemasan matematika dalam pembelajaran. Produk dari penelitian ini adalah RPP, Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS), dan Tes Hasil Belajar (THB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Perangkat pembelajaran model quantum untuk siswa kelas VIII pada materi sistem persamaan linear (SPLDV) yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria perangkat pembelajaran yang baik karena telah dinyatakan valid oleh para validator, dan pada tahap uji coba diperoleh kemampuan guru mengelola pembelajaran berkategori minimal baik, aktivitas siswa selama pembelajaran efektif, respons siswa berkategori positif, Tes hasil belajar memenuhi kriteria valid, reliabel dan sensitif dan kecemasan matematika siswa dapat teratasi 100%; (2) pembelajaran model quantum efektif untuk mengatasi kecemasan matematika siswa. Efektivitasnya diakui oleh kemampuan guru untuk mengelola pembelajaran yang dikategorikan minimal baik; aktivitas siswa selama pembelajaran efektif; respon siswa positif dan ketuntasan klasikal tercapai di mana 100% siswa dinyatakan mencapai KKM yang ditetapkan sekolah. Selain itu, masalah kecemasan matematika siswa dalam pembelajaran dapat teratasi 100%.
ANALISIS PENINGKATAN USAHA BISNIS SYARIAH DALAM MENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Sundari Dewi , Erliyanti Erliyanti , Ventiany Dini , Tarigan Vannya Euorita , Rizka Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui sejauhmana usaha bisnis syariah dalam meningkatakan pendapatan muslim di kota Medan apakah memberikan dampak yang lebih positif terhadap perekonomi para pelaku UMK yang bergelut dalam bisnins Syariah. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif dimana data primer di peroleh oleh penulis meluli observasi dilapangan, wawancara , diskusi focus dan data sekunder diperoleh dari Biro Pusat Statistik, buku , laporarn dan jurnal. Hasil dari penelitian bahwa Bisnis Syariah di kota Medan mendapat antusisias dan tanggapan yang positif baik dari pemerintah setempat dengan cara memberikan peluang bisnis besar bagi masyarakat yang teruatama masyarakat muslim yang berkecimpung di dalamnya. Pemerintah memberikan bantuan dana baik itu dari lembaga keuangan syariah dengan tanpa agunan maupun lembaga keuangan non syariah, memberikan kemudahan dalan pengurusan segala ijin usaha sebagai bisnis syariah yang sedang maarak di geluti oleh masyarakat muslim dikota Meda salah satunya dengan mengeluarkan izin untuk membuat travek-travel Umroh yang baru dan memberikan lapak-lapak bagi masyarakat dalam menjadi bisnis syariah seperti bisnis kuliner halal, hotel -hotel syariah, Distro syariah sehingga menciptakan kenyaman dan kepuasan bagi konsumen yang menikmati dan menggunakankan. Dengan dukungan pemerintah dan semnagat para masyarakat muslim menjadkan kegiatan bisnis syariah tersebut tersebut dapat berjalan dan berkembang yang menjadi suatu dampak yang positif bagai pelaku binis syariah dalam meningkatkan pendapatan mereka sehingga menciptakaan kesejahteraan hidup masyarakat dan kenyaman serta ketentraman dalam meningkat ibadah dan ketaqwaan kepada Allah SWT.
PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN FINANCIAL RATIOS TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN
Authors: Muafiroh Cintika Putri , Hidajat Taofik 
Published: March 2023

Financial distress merupakan sebuah kondisi kesulitan keuangan dalam perusahaan yang dapat menjadi indikasi perusahaan mengalami kebangkrutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh Good Corporate Governance dan Financial Ratios terhadap terjadinya Financial Distress pada perusahaan sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2019-2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling untuk menentukan sampelnya. Dimana jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 42 perusahaan. Data penelitian di analisis dengan menggunakan alat uji SPSS melalui analisis regresi linier. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Good Corporate Governance yang diukur berdasarkan Kepemilikan Institusional, Kepemilikan Manajerial, Dewan Direksi, Dewan Komisaris, dan Komisaris Independe tidak berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya financial distress, sedangkan Financial Ratios yang diukur melalui Rasio Likuiditas dan Rasio Profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya financial distress.Kata Kunci : Financial Distress, GCG, Financial Ratios