bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limitations associated with thermoregulation and cardiovascular research assessing laborers performing work in the heat
Authors: Morrissey Margaret C. , Langan Sean P. , Brewer Gabrielle J. , Struder Jeb F. , Navarro John S. , Nye Megan N. , Casa Douglas J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeTo quantify the current literature and limitations associated with research examining thermoregulatory and cardiovascular strain in laborers working in the heat.MethodsPubMed, SCOPUS, and SPORTDiscus were searched for terms related to the cardiovascular system, heat stress, and physical work. Qualifying studies included adult participants (18–65 years old), a labor‐intensive environment or exercise protocol simulating a labor environment, a minimum duration of 120 min of physical work, and environmental heat stress (ambient temperature ≥26.0°C and ≥30% relative humidity). Studies included at least one of the following outcomes: pre‐ and peak physical work, core temperature, heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, HR variability, and rate pressure product.ResultsTwenty‐one out of 1559 potential studies qualified from our search. There was a total of 598 participants (mean = 28 ± 50 participants per study, range = 4–238 participants per study), which included 51 females (8.5%) and 547 males (91.5%). Of the participants, 3.8% had cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes: n = 10; hypertension: n = 13) and 96.2% were characterized as “healthy”. Fifty‐seven percent of the included studies were performed in a laboratory setting.ConclusionsStudies were predominantly in men (91.5%), laboratory settings (57%), and “healthy” individuals (96.2%). To advance equity in protection against occupational heat stress and better inform future heat safety recommendations to protect all workers, future studies must focus on addressing these limitations. Employers, supervisors, and other safety stakeholders should consider these limitations while implementing current heat safety recommendations.
Improving the Precision of Multiparameter Estimation in the Teleportation of Qutrit under Amplitude Damping Noise
Authors: Li Yan‐Ling , Zeng Yi‐Bo , Yao Lin , Xiao Xing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSince the initial discovery of quantum teleportation, it is devoted to transferring unknown quantum states from one party to another distant partner. However, in the scenarios of remote sensing, what people truly care about is the information carried by certain parameters. The problem of multiparameter estimation in the framework of qutrit teleportation under amplitude damping (AD) noise is studied. Particularly, two schemes are proposed to battle against AD noise and enhance the precision of multiparameter estimation by utilizing weak measurement (WM) and environment‐assisted measurement (EAM). For two‐phase parameters encoded in a qutrit state, the analytical formulas of the quantum Fisher information matrix can be obtained. The results prove that the scheme of EAM outperforms the WM one in the improvements of both independent and simultaneous estimation precision. Remarkably, the EAM scheme can completely ensure the estimation precision against the contamination by AD noise. The reason should be attributed to the fact that EAM is carried out after the AD noise. Thus, it extracts information from both the system and the environment. The findings show that the techniques of WM and EAM are helpful for remote quantum sensing and can be generalized to other qutrit‐based quantum information tasks under AD decoherence.
Emergence of Classicality in Stern–Gerlach Experiment via Self‐Gravity
Authors: Sahoo Sourav Kesharee , Vathsan Radhika , Qureshi Tabish 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEmergence of classicality from quantum mechanics, a hotly debated topic, has had no satisfactory resolution so far. Various approaches including decoherence and gravitational interactions have been suggested. In the present work, the Schrödinger–Newton model is used to study the role of semi‐classical self‐gravity in the evolution of massive spin‐1/2 particles in a Stern‐Gerlach experiment. For small mass, evolution of the initial wavepacket in a spin superposition shows a splitting in the magnetic field gradient into two trajectories as in the standard Stern–Gerlach experiment. For larger mass, the deviations from the central path are less than in the standard Stern–Gerlach case, while for high enough mass, the wavepacket does not split, and instead follows the classical trajectory for a magnetic moment in inhomogeneous magnetic field. This indicates the emergence of classicality due to self‐gravitational interaction when the mass is increased. In contrast, decoherence which is a strong contender for emergence of classicality, leads to a mixed state of two trajectories corresponding to the spin‐up and spin‐down states, and not the classically expected path. The classically expected path of the particle probably cannot be explained even in the many‐worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics. Stern–Gerlach experiments in the macroscopic domain are needed to settle this question.
Engineering a Copper Single‐Atom Electron Bridge to Achieve Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion
Authors: Wang Gang , Wu Yan , Li Zhujie , Lou Zaizhu , Chen Qingqing , Li Yifan , Wang Dingsheng , Mao Junjie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeveloping highly efficient and stable photocatalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) remains a great challenge. We designed a Z‐Scheme photocatalyst with N−Cu1−S single‐atom electron bridge (denoted as Cu‐SAEB), which was used to mediate the CO2RR. The production of CO and O2 over Cu‐SAEB is as high as 236.0 and 120.1 μmol g−1 h−1 in the absence of sacrificial agents, respectively, outperforming most previously reported photocatalysts. Notably, the as‐designed Cu‐SAEB is highly stable throughout 30 reaction cycles, totaling 300 h, owing to the strengthened contact interface of Cu‐SAEB, and mediated by the N−Cu1−S atomic structure. Experimental and theoretical calculations indicated that the SAEB greatly promoted the Z‐scheme interfacial charge‐transport process, thus leading to great enhancement of the photocatalytic CO2RR of Cu‐SAEB. This work represents a promising platform for the development of highly efficient and stable photocatalysts that have potential in CO2 conversion applications.
Responding to the healthcare workforce shortage: A scoping review exploring anatomical pathologists' professional identities over time
Authors: Rozario Shemona Y. , Sarkar Mahbub , Farlie Melanie K. , Lazarus Michelle D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnatomical pathology (AP) is an anatomy‐centric medical specialty devoted to tissue‐based diagnosis of disease. The field faces a current and predicted workforce shortage, likely increasing diagnostic wait times and delaying patient access to urgent treatment. A lack of AP exposure is proposed to preclude recruitment to the field, as medical students are afforded only a limited understanding of who a pathologist is and what they do (their professional identity/PI and role). Anatomical sciences educators may be well placed to increase student understanding of anatomical pathologists' PI features, but until features of anatomical pathologists' PI are understood, recommendations for anatomy educators are premature. Thus, this scoping review asked: “What are the professional identity features of anatomical pathologists reported in the literature, and how have these changed over time?” A six‐stage scoping review was performed. Medline and PubMed, Global Health, and Embase were used to identify relevant studies (n = 74). Team‐based framework analysis identified that features of anatomical pathologists' professional identity encompass five overarching themes: professional practice, views about the role, training and education, personal implications, and technology. Technology was identified as an important theme of anatomical pathologists' PI, as it intersected with many other PI feature themes, including diagnosis and collaboration. This review found that pathologists may sometimes perceive professional competition with technology, such as artificial intelligence. These findings suggest unique opportunities for integrating AP‐specific PI features into anatomy teaching, which may foster student interest in AP, and potentially increase recruitment into the field.
Supported Palladium‐Catalyzed Tandem Synthesis of 2‐(Alkylamino/amino)‐3‐arylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones Employing CO Source
Authors: Shaifali  , Sharma Poonam , Mehara Pushkar , Das Pralay 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein, we demonstrated heterogeneous and recyclable polystyrene‐supported palladium (Pd@PS) nanoparticles (NPs) catalyzed tandem addition and intramolecular aminocarbonylative cyclization approach for the synthesis of potentially bioactive 2‐(alkylamino/amino)‐3‐arylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one analogues from 2‐iodophenylcarbodiimides employing amines as nucleophiles and oxalic acid as an ex‐situ CO alternative. Various cyclic/acyclic primary and secondary amines were employed and selectively produced substituted 2‐(alkylamino)‐3‐arylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐ones in good to excellent yields. In addition, we extended the developed strategy to fix two ammonium carbamate and oxalic acid as gaseous NH3 and CO sources respectively, for the synthesis of 2‐amino‐3‐arylquinazolin‐4(3H)‐one derivatives. Furthermore, gram scale applicability, diverse substrate scope and high recyclability of the Pd@PS catalyst were the major achievements of the developed protocol.
A third‐order sliding mode controller for nonlinear multivariable systems
Authors: Chawengkrittayanont Panitnart , Moore Elvin J. , Kuntanapreeda Suwat 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a third‐order sliding mode controller for nonlinear multivariable systems with uncertain parameters and subject to external disturbances. The controller achieves fast convergence rate, high tracking accuracy, and a reduced level of chattering. The stability of the controller and its global ultimately uniform convergence is proved by the Lyapunov stability theory. Simulation results on a single inverted pendulum system are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme by comparing it with methods such as a second‐order supertwisting controller, a third‐order supertwisting controller, and an integral terminal third‐order sliding mode controller.
Relativistic scenario for a binary black hole system in blazars
Authors: Larios Bryan , Pérez Hector , Sacahui José Rodrigo , Morazán Bryant , Toralla Miguel , Ávalos Jorge 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBlazars are a type of active galactic nuclei whose jet points toward the observer. Their emission is variable along different time scales and at different wavelengths. Some objects show periodicity in their emission, like the blazar PG 1553+113. In this work, we obtain a periodicity of ∼2.19 years using 12.5 years of data of Fermi‐LAT and then we study a scenario to explain blazar periodicities with timescales of a few years. The scenario is built on a binary supermassive black hole (SMBHs) system where one of the two SMBHs carries a jet. We also assume that one of the two SMBHs has angular momentum and is described by a Kerr metric. We have found estimates for the masses of the sources and the distance separating the two SMBHs.
Validating angiographically derived FFR in the NSTEMI patient: An important step forward
Authors: Kern Morton J. , Seto Arnold H. 
Published: February 2023

Key Points
Despite concerns of altered physiology impacting fractional flow reserve (FFR) values in acute coronary syndrome, angiographic FFR compared with wire‐based FFR in patients with NSTEMI demonstrated excellent correlations.
Limits to the accuracy of FFRangio include the need for optimal angiographic angles to avoid vessel overlap and assumptions for myocardial resistance, mass, and blood flow.
Clinical outcome studies will be required before FFRangio becomes a standard of care.
The ENEA′s 2019–2021 Three‐Year Research Project on Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Prosini Pier Paolo , Aurora Annalisa , Bozza Francesco , Di Carli Mariasole , Gislon Paola , Moreno Margherita , Paoletti Claudia , Silvestri Laura 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work describes the research activities carried out by ENEA in the three‐year period 2019–2021 as a part of the Electrochemical Storage project. The project was part of a larger and more integrated project for energy storage, itself contained in the Electric System Research program. Within the project, various research lines were carried out: From the development of materials for electrodes to the testing of electrolytes and separators, both for lithium and sodium‐ion batteries, evaluation of the use of lithium metal batteries, and studying how to give a second life to used batteries. Dissemination of the results was an integral part of the program. The reasons that have been adduced to articulate the research plan and the main results obtained are reviewed in this concept.
Cyclic or Linear? Parameters Determining the Outcome of Glycine Polymerization in Silica Surface Prebiotic Scenarios
Authors: El Samrout Ola , Mezzetti Alberto , Berlier Gloria , Lambert Jean‐François 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe parameters that determine the formation of linear peptides and cyclic dimers (diketopiperazine, DKP) on silica surfaces of different surface area, silanol and siloxane ring populations, controlled by thermal treatments, are investigated upon glycine deposition from gas and liquid phases. The formed products were characterized by infrared and Raman spectroscopies, X‐ray diffraction and thermogravimetric analysis. The results reveal the importance of “nearly‐free” silanols to form ester centers as primers for the formation of linear peptides over DKP, on surfaces with medium silanol density (1.4 to 2.7 nm−2). Quenched reactivity is seen on isolated silanols (density≤0.7 nm−2), while silanols involved in hydrogen bonding (density of 4.5 nm−2) weakly interact with Gly resulting in its cyclization to DKP. Deposition of glycine from liquid phase may also form both DKP and linear polymers, depending on its loading and silica surface. These conclusions demonstrate the complexity of glycine surface chemistry in the polymerization reaction and highlight the interest of a surface science approach to evaluate geochemical prebiotic scenarios.
Design of Aurone‐Based Dual‐State Emissive (DSE) Fluorophores
Authors: Berdnikova Daria V. , Steup Sören , Bolte Michael , Suta Markus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe development of dual‐state emissive (DSE) fluorophores, i. e. organic molecules showing balanced emission in both solution and as molecular solids, has recently become an emerging approach in material science, biology, sensing, and optoelectronics. However, the majority of existing DSE fluorophores represents structural modifications of the scaffolds known for their aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties, e. g., tetraphenylethylenes (TFE), triphenylamines (TFA), and others. In this study, we introduce aurones as an easily accessible scaffold for the construction of DSE fluorophores and describe the main design principles allowing to achieve the balanced emission in both solution and solid state. Herein, we present the solid‐state fluorescence in a systematic series of aurone derivatives for the first time. We propose that the newly found DSE properties of aurones in combination with their established biological activity can be applied efficiently in biomedical studies and diagnostic tools.
A modified fuzzy clustering framework for catalyst activity monitoring in the selective catalytic reduction system
Authors: Gu Hui , Zhu Hongxia , Yang Jiapeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe catalyst activity monitoring in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system is of great importance for safety and economic operation in the power plant. To address the problem, a framework based on clustering considering time delay has been proposed. A compound parameter, , is put forward in this paper as a strategy to remove the influences from gas volume (power output), inlet NOx concentration, and outlet NOx concentration to the ammonia amount. A modified entropy‐based fuzzy clustering (EFC) method is proposed by a threshold varying model and then tested for its efficiency by four datasets from the University of California, Irvine (UCI) machine learning repository. With the maximum mutual information entropy coefficient (MIC) method for detecting time delay and the modified EFC method, process data from three working levels are handled for automatically obtained clustering centres. The proposed activity value, , is then calculated based on 1440 process data before and after the catalyst replacement shown in boxplot figures. The results of the framework are analyzed to be in accordance with the real working conditions, with values and fluctuation ranges starting to fall near first from the 721st sample in the 24th box.
Multifaceted Target Specificity Analysis as a Tool in Antimicrobial Drug Development: Type III Pantothenate Kinases as a Case Study
Authors: Brigg Siobhan Ernan , Koekemoer Lizbé , Brand Leisl A. , Strauss Erick 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe research and development of a new antimicrobial drug using a target‐based approach raises the question of whether any resulting hits will also show activity against the homologous target in other closely related organisms. While an assessment of the similarities of the predicted interactions between the identified inhibitor and the various targets is an obvious first step in answering this question, no clear and consistent framework has been proposed for how this should be done. Here we developed Multifaceted Target Specificity Analysis (MTSA) and applied it to type III pantothenate kinase (PanKIII) – an essential enzyme required for coenzyme A biosynthesis in a wide range of pathogenic bacteria – as a case study to establish if targeting a specific organism's PanKIII would lead to a narrow‐ or broad‐spectrum agent. We propose that MTSA is a useful tool and aid for directing new target‐based antimicrobial drug development initiatives.
Morphological and metabolic differences between turfgrass and row‐crop biotypes of goosegrass (Eleusine indica)
Authors: Patel Jinesh , Hall Nathan D. , Harris James R. , McElroy J. Scott 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe research was conducted to evaluate Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. (goosegrass) phenotypic diversity in biotypes collected from managed turfgrass, noncrop, and row crop environments. A common‐garden experiment was conducted to quantify morphological characteristics. Biotypes were primarily distinguished along a single principal component that separated taller growing crop types with lower tiller numbers, larger leaves, and more spikelets per seedhead, contrasted with managed turfgrass and noncrop types with shorter height, greater tillering, fewer spikelets per seedhead but more total seedheads. A dwarf phenotype of E. indica (Texas‐GCPG) collected from a golf course putting green having shorter internodes, shorter leaves, and fewer spikelets per seedhead was distinct phenotypically compared with all other biotypes. Plant growth regulators were tested on biotypes collected from a cropping environment (PBU‐crop) and managed turfgrass (RB‐GC and Texas‐GCPG). Gibberellin inhibitors (paclobutrazol, flurprimidol, and trinexapac‐ethyl) had a negative impact on the growth of all three biotypes. Furthermore, the application of GA3 (gibberellin A3) increased Texas‐GCPG height compared with nontreated plants, suggesting it is a GA‐sensitive mutant. Molecular and biochemical research on such biotypes could shed light on pathways and mutations in any causal gene/s that prohibit or reduce active gibberellic acid production.
Alignment, segmentation and neighborhood analysis in cyclic immunohistochemistry data using CASSATT
Authors: Brockman Asa A. , Khurana Rohit , Bartkowiak Todd , Thomas Portia L. , Sivagnanam Shamilene , Betts Courtney B. , Coussens Lisa M. , Lovly Christine M. , Irish Jonathan M. , Ihrie Rebecca A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCyclic immunohistochemistry (cycIHC) uses sequential rounds of colorimetric immunostaining and imaging for quantitative mapping of location and number of cells of interest. Additionally, cycIHC benefits from the speed and simplicity of brightfield microscopy, making the collection of entire tissue sections and slides possible at a trivial cost compared to other high dimensional imaging modalities. However, large cycIHC datasets currently require an expert data scientist to concatenate separate open‐source tools for each step of image pre‐processing, registration, and segmentation, or the use of proprietary software. Here, we present a unified and user‐friendly pipeline for processing, aligning, and analyzing cycIHC data ‐ Cyclic Analysis of Single‐Cell Subsets and Tissue Territories (CASSATT). CASSATT registers scanned slide images across all rounds of staining, segments individual nuclei, and measures marker expression on each detected cell. Beyond straightforward single cell data analysis outputs, CASSATT explores the spatial relationships between cell populations. By calculating the log odds of interaction frequencies between cell populations within tissues and tissue regions, this pipeline helps users identify populations of cells that interact—or do not interact—at frequencies that are greater than those occurring by chance. It also identifies specific neighborhoods of cells based on the assortment of neighboring cell types that surround each cell in the sample. The presence and location of these neighborhoods can be compared across slides or within distinct regions within a tissue. CASSATT is a fully open source workflow tool developed to process cycIHC data and will allow greater utilization of this powerful staining technique.
Impacts of blockchain in software‐defined Internet of Things ecosystem with Network Function Virtualization for smart applications: Present perspectives and future directions
Authors: Rahman Anichur , Islam Jahidul , Kundu Dipanjali , Karim Razaul , Rahman Ziaur , Band Shahab S. , Sookhak Mehdi , Tiwari Prayag , Kumar Neeraj 
Published: February 2023

SummaryAs an emerging technology, blockchain (BC) has been playing a promising role in today's software‐defined networking (SDN)‐enabled Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Because of the salient feature of the network function virtualization (NFV) techniques, SDN can ensure an IoT system runs efficiently and smoothly in a cloud‐driven ecosystem. When cloud‐enabled systems encounter immense security and operational challenges caused mainly by third‐party dependency, large‐scale data communication, and maintenance, BC offers effective and robust data transfer solutions without incorporating intermediaries over the distributed network. With the increased SDN‐BC convergence in the IoT domain, the underlying challenges and perspectives deserve proper attention methodically and structurally. From the motivation of addressing such issues, this study provides necessary insights to combine those for successful plug‐and‐play. Therefore, the study includes purposefully investigating current state‐of‐the‐art to extract the research trends, future directions, and perspectives in this domain. This study provides a comprehensive survey of IoT, SDN, NFV, and BC‐enabled emerging technologies. More importantly, the authors intelligently integrated the four different technologies—IoT, SDN, BC, and NFV based on characteristics, scopes, challenges, taxonomies, and tables in numerous areas. Initially, the authors introduce the SDN‐IoT ecosystem in brief and address the features and applications. We took a close look at the SDN's overall taxonomy based on security, environment, scopes, and challenges. We also briefly describe the integration of SDN‐IoT with the NFV ecosystems. Moreover, we review the prospect of BC technology from security perspectives, its extent, challenges of practical implementation, and the possible integration of IoT regarding smart applications. Finally, this study highlights several future directions based on these technologies.