bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic implications in maternal diabetes and metabolic syndrome‐associated risk of orofacial clefts
Authors: Sun Bo , Reynolds Kurt S. , Garland Michael A. , McMahon Moira , Saha Subbroto K. , Zhou Chengji J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrofacial clefts (OFCs) are one of the most common types of structural birth defects. The etiologies are complicated, involving with genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Studies have found that maternal diabetes and metabolic syndrome are associated with a higher risk of OFCs in offspring. Metabolic syndrome is a clustering of several disease risk factors, including hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension. Metabolic disease during pregnancy can increase risk of adverse outcomes and significantly influence fetal development, including orofacial formation and fusion. An altered metabolic state may contribute to developmental disorders or congenital defects including OFCs, potentially through epigenetic modulations, such as histone modification, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA expression to alter activities of critical morphogenetic signaling or related developmental genes. This review summarizes the currently available evidence and underlying mechanisms of how the maternal metabolic syndrome is associated with OFCs in mostly human and some animal studies. It may provide a better understanding of the interactions between intrauterine metabolic status and fetal orofacial development which might be applied toward prevention and treatments of OFCs.
Real‐world treatment outcomes of medicines used in special situations (off‐label and compassionate use) in oncology and hematology: A retrospective study from a comprehensive cancer institution
Authors: Fontanals Sandra , Esteve Anna , González Andrea , Ibáñez Cristina , Martínez Javier , Mesía Ricard , Clopés Ana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeMedicines in special situations (MSS) refer to off‐label or to unlicensed drugs under investigation (compassionate use). Our objectives were to evaluate characteristics and to estimate overall survival (OS), event‐free survival (EFS), and the duration of treatment (DT) of MSS used for cancer treatment at a multicentre comprehensive cancer institution.MethodsRetrospective cohort study on adult cancer patients for whom an MSS treatment was requested (January 2011–December 2020). A descriptive analysis was performed and median OS and EFS and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Survival curves were stratified by type of tumor, ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status (PS), age, sex, treatment stage and type of drug (mechanism of action and target).ResultsTreatment was initiated in 2092 episodes (1930 patients) out of 2377 MSS episodes (2189 patients) requested, 33% for hematological treatment and 87% for advanced stage cancer. Median OS (months) was 21.1 (95% CI 19.4–22.7), median EFS was 5.6 (95% CI 5.1–6.0) months, and median DT was 4.5 [0.0; 115.3] months.OS and EFS statistically significantly favored female patients, ECOG PS ≥2 episodes showed worse OS and EFS outcomes (p < 0.0001). Statistically significant differences in survival were found within solid and hematological cancer, disease stage, drug mechanism of action, and type of cancer (p < 0.001) but not for age. Survival outcomes by tumor subtype and drug are presented both globally and separately based on disease stage.ConclusionMSS uses are practiced across almost all cancer types, mostly for advanced disease. ECOG PS ≥2, along with advanced disease, was related to worse survival. Information about real‐world outcomes is valuable and contributes to better decision‐making regarding MSS and our experience in this field could be of interest for other colleagues.
“On‐Off” Switching of Functional Guest Molecules via Exchange of Natural Product Solubilizing Agents
Authors: Kawasaki Riku , Ikeda Atsushi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFor the development of delivery systems, the solubilization of hydrophobic guest molecules in water is an important yet challenging task. This can be achieved by preparing stable aqueous solutions with a high concentration of guest molecules using a natural product as a solubilizing agent and a mechanochemical high‐speed vibration milling apparatus as a solubilizing method. Various solubilizing agent‐guest molecule complexes can be obtained via the exchange between solubilizing agents, which enables the “on‐off” switching of the properties of functional guest molecules, such as fluorescence intensity, and photodynamic activity. In the exchange method, guest molecules can transfer into cell membranes such as lysosomes and exosomes. Therefore, the exchange method of the solubilizing agents not only creates novel solubilizing agent‐guest molecule complexes but also is applied to drug delivery systems.
Palladium Nanoparticles Supported on Porous Silica Materials as Heterogeneous Catalysts of C−C Coupling and Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Mastalir Ágnes , Molnár Árpád 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNoble metal nanoparticles supported on porous silica materials represent an important class of heterogeneous catalysts. Recently, a remarkable progress has been made concerning the synthesis, characterization, and catalytic application of noble metal nanoparticles immobilized on zeolites and mesoporous silica‐based materials. Various synthesis strategies have been developed, including the application of ligand‐assisted metal precursors, multistep synthesis procedures, post‐synthetic modifications, and magnetic mesoporous silica particles. Emphasis has been laid on the introduction of green procedures, based on the utilization of environmentally friendly solvents, efficient stabilizing agents, non‐toxic reagents, and mild reaction conditions. Palladium nanoparticles have long been recognized as the most efficient catalysts in a wide range of organic transformations, including the Heck, Suzuki, Stille, and Sonogashira reactions. Although these transformations have been extensively investigated in homogeneous catalytic systems, the application of heterogeneous catalysts, including silica‐supported Pd0 nanoparticles, has gained in increasing importance. This may be due to the easy handling and recovery of the latter catalysts, which facilitates their repeated applications. The aim of this review is to provide an outlook on the current research progress achieved on the development of novel synthetic procedures, affording highly dispersed Pd0 nanoparticles immobilized on porous silica materials, which proved to be efficient and recyclable catalysts in C−C coupling and cross‐coupling reactions. The focus of this review is on results published in the last six years with a handful of examples in previous years.
Diverse Reactions of Formazanate/Formazan with Tetrylenes: Reduction, C−H Bond Activation, Substitution and Addition
Authors: Jin Da , Sun Xiaofei , Naina Vanitha R. , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe reactivity of the formazanate potassium salt [LtBuK(thf)] (LtBu=PhNNC(4‐tBuPh)NNPh) with the group 14 chlorotetrylenes [{PhC(tBuN)2}ECl] (E=Si, Ge, Sn) was investigated. Three corresponding compounds with unique configurations were formed, demonstrating the diverse reactivity of the system. In addition to the anticipated salt metathesis reactions of the potassium salt with the chlorine function of tetrylenes, unexpected reduction/insertion steps into the N=N bond of the formazanate (Si, Ge) and subsequent C−H activation (Ge) were also observed. Furthermore, when the neutral formazan ligand [LtBuH] was exposed to silylenes [{PhC(tBuN)2}SiCl] and [LPhSiNMePy], substitution and addition reactions occurred. These discoveries significantly enrich the diversity of formazanate/formazan redox chemistry, opening up new avenues for exploration in this field.
Flow Field Investigations of Two‐Stage Stirrer Configurations Combining Axially and Radially Conveying Turbines
Authors: Matzke Marian , Ranft Ekaterina , Dominkovic Leon , Ulbricht Mathias , Schultz Heyko Jürgen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, the flow fields of two‐stage impellers, consisting of combinations of different impeller types on one shaft, are investigated using stereo particle image velocimetry. Based on the results of torque measurements, diameters for different impellers are determined in order to achieve matching power input of the individual turbines. When implemented adequately, both selected impellers are able to contribute their respective characteristics, resulting in flow fields that differ significantly from those induced by single‐stage impellers as well as two‐stage setups consisting of identical impellers.
Formation of Slipped Dimer in 6‐Pentafluorophenyl‐substituted Olympicenyl Radical
Authors: Xiang Qin , Guo Yupeng , Hu Jinlian , Li Zhaoyang , Sun Zhe 
Published: July 2023

Comprehensive SummaryIntroduction of substituents to organic radical is important to increase the stability and realize its applications as multifunctional materials. In this work, pentafluorophenyl group was introduced to 6‐position of olympicenyl radical (OR) via a newly designed synthetic strategy to afford the fourth OR derivative, OR4. Due to the combined electro‐withdrawing effect and steric hindrance of pentafluorophenyl, OR4 was stable and isolable in crystalline state. A slipped dimer was found in single crystal structure dominated by C—H···F interaction. SQUID measurements revealed a singlet–triplet energy gap of −0.47 kcal·mol−1 for the slipped dimer, suggesting weak SOMO–SOMO interaction. Moreover, electro‐withdrawing effect of pentafluorophenyl leads to a positive shift (0.15 V) of oxidative wave for OR4 compared with 6‐triisopropylsilylethynyl protected OR derivatives.
A Comparative Analysis on the Crystalline Behavior, Topographical, Photoluminescence, and Leakage Current Characteristics of BiFeO3 Nanopowders and Thin Films
Authors: Venkatapathy Ramasamy , Ramana Ramya J. , Bharath Sabarish V. C. , Gajendiran J. , Durairajan A. , Graça M. P. F. , Valente M. A. , Gokul Raj S. , Ramesh Kumar G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThin films and nanocrystalline powders of BiFeO3 (BFO) are prepared from pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and sol–gel process, respectively. Their grain sizes, microstrain, morphological features, leakage current characteristics, and photoluminescence (PL) emission behavior are investigated and compared with each other. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) technique has been utilized to compute the grain sizes and crystalline strain values for the thin films and nanopowders of BFO through Williamson–Hall (W–H) plots. XRD and Raman peaks of the deposited thin film and synthesized nanopowders of BFO confirm the formation of rhombohedral unit cell character and its vibrational structure. Topographical analysis of nanopowders and thin films of BFO from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements reveals the spherical morphology of grown particles. Suppression of emission peaks, as noticed from PL spectra for BFO nanopowders and thin film, indicates the possible electron defect level transitions due to oxygen vacancies. Leakage current density studies suggest the detectable flow of current in both study of specimen.
So many choices, so little time: Food preference and movement vary with the landscape of fear
Authors: Ferreira Clara Mendes , Dammhahn Melanie , Eccard Jana A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpatial and temporal variation in perceived predation risk is an important determinant of movement and foraging activity of animals. Foraging in this landscape of fear, individuals need to decide where and when to move, and what resources to choose. Foraging theory predicts the outcome of these decisions based on energetic trade‐offs, but complex interactions between perceived predation risk and preferences of foragers for certain functional traits of their resources are rarely considered. Here, we studied the interactive effects of perceived predation risk on food trait preferences and foraging behavior in bank voles (Myodes glareolus) in experimental landscapes. Individuals (n = 19) were subjected for periods of 24 h to two extreme, risk‐uniform landscapes (either risky or safe), containing 25 discrete food patches, filled with seeds of four plant species in even amounts. Seeds varied in functional traits: size, nutrients, and shape. We evaluated whether and how risk modifies forager preference for functional traits. We also investigated whether perceived risk and distance from shelter affected giving‐up density (GUD), time in patches, and number of patch visits. In safe landscapes, individuals increased time spent in patches, lowered GUD and visited distant patches more often compared to risky landscapes. Individuals preferred bigger seeds independent of risk, but in the safe treatment they preferred fat‐rich over carb‐rich seeds. Thus, higher densities of resource levels remained in risky landscapes, while in safe landscapes resource density was lower and less diverse due to selective foraging. Our results suggest that the interaction of perceived risk and dietary preference adds an additional layer to the cascading effects of a landscape of fear which affects biodiversity at resource level.
Metallophilic and Inter‐Ligand Interactions in Diargentous Compounds Bound by a Geometrically Flexible Macrocycle
Authors: Wang Qiuran , Gau Michael R. , Manor Brian C. , Carroll Patrick J. , Tomson Neil C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA series of mono‐ and di‐nuclear AgI complexes supported by a flexible macrocyclic ligand are reported. The geometric flexibility of the ligand was found to allow for a range of Ag−Ag interactions in the disilver complexes, depending on the identities of both the ancillary ligand and the counterion. Studies of the solution‐phase dynamic exchange processes for these latter complexes found rapid interconversion through a mechanism that retained the multi‐nuclearity. Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) and Independent Gradient Model based on Hirshfeld partition (IGMH) analyses are used to evaluate the d10‐d10 interactions between silver centers in the various geometries observed for the solid‐state structures of these complexes, revealing nearly identical Ag−Ag interactions, regardless of the relative geometries of the Ag centers. Instead, a weak, but non‐negligible, inter‐ligand interaction between two isocyanide units may contribute to the folded‐ligand geometry observed in the solid state.
Propolis and carnauba wax‐based safflower oil oleogels as fat substitutes in cakes: Production, oxidative stability, and characterization
Authors: Baştürk Ayhan , Badem Şebnem , Ceylan M. Murat 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, safflower oil oleogels were made using propolis wax and carnauba wax in three different concentrations each, and their effectiveness as a fat substitute in cake was evaluated afterward. Oleogels' oxidative stability and characterization were looked into. In oleogels, the oil binding capacity, solid fat content, and crystallization time were all assessed. The cakes underwent an examination for moisture content, texture, and sensory evaluation. Additionally, analyses of fatty acid composition, free fatty acidity, oxidative stability (peroxide value, conjugated diene‐triene), 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol (3‐MCPD), and glycidyl were carried out both before and after baking in oleogels and shortening. Several of the physical, textural, and sensory qualities of the oleogel‐based cakes were acceptable when compared to those of the shortening‐based cakes. The general acceptability of cakes made with carnauba wax was very high and almost under control. The acceptability of cakes made with propolis wax oleogels was lower than this. The study of these criteria has shown that safflower oil‐based carnauba and propolis wax oleogels can be utilized to produce high‐quality, healthful cakes with a high amount of unsaturated fatty acids.Practical Applications: To replace fat phases in cake products high in saturated fatty acids and to enhance the fatty acid profile of the cakes, safflower oil‐based oleogels with propolis wax and carnauba wax are a very good option. The results obtained provide useful information for the production of high‐quality cakes with higher unsaturated fatty acid content, recommended for a healthier diet, with these oleogels containing different concentrations of oleogelator.
Applications of electrophoresis for small enantiomeric drugs in real‐world samples: Recent trends and future perspectives
Authors: Ali Imran , Perrucci Miryam , Ciriolo Luigi , D'Ovidio Cristian , de Grazia Ugo , Ulusoy Halil Ibrahim , Kabir Abuzar , Savini Fabio , Locatelli Marcello 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeparation and identification of chiral molecules is a topic widely discussed in the literature and of fundamental importance, especially in the pharmaceutical and food fields, both from industrial and laboratory points of view. Several techniques are used to carry out these analyses, but high‐performance liquid chromatography is often the “gold standard.” The high costs of chiral columns, necessary for this technique, led researchers to look for an alternative, and capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a technique capable of overcoming some of the disadvantages of liquid chromatography, often providing comparable results in terms of sensitivity and robustness. We addressed this topic, already widely discussed in the literature, providing an overview of the last 6 years of the most frequent and recent applications of CE. To make the manuscript more effective, we decided to divide it into paragraphs that represent the main field of application, from enantioseparation in complex matrices (pharmacokinetic studies or toxicological dosage of drugs, analysis of environmental pollutants, and analyses of foods) to quality control analyses on pharmaceutical formulas. About these, which are the fields of most meaningful use, we mentioned some of the most innovative and performing methods, with a look to the future on the application of new materials used, such as chiral selectors, that can make these types of analyses accessible to all, reducing cost, time, and excessive use of toxic solvents.
The potential competency outcome of vigorous brain training game in the elderly: A systematic review
Authors: Tewthanom Karunrat , Sukasi Sittha , Lerspalungsanti Sarawut , Srisawat Foifon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe potential outcomes of vigorous brain training game in the elderly is questionable.MethodsA systematic review of studies reporting the outcomes of brain training game under the PRISMA guideline was conducted using the PubMed database (1997–2022). The selection criteria were clinical studies published in English language.ResultsA total of 174 articles were identified by searching keywords. However, after screening the relation of the topic and methodology, 21 articles were included. The results of all studies showed positive outcomes after using the brain training game. Variation in the measurement tools were observed.ConclusionThe brain training game showed a positive effect on the brain function. However, the confirmation studies with large populations and standard measurement tools are required for more validated results.
Quantifying effects of different types of droughts on gross primary production in China
Authors: Shi Xiaoliang , Ding Hao , Yuan Zhe , Chen Fei , Shi Mengqi , Zhang Dan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe increasing impact of drought stress on ecosystems with regard to climate change has received considerable attention, which has been demonstrated to have a time‐lag effect on ecosystems. However, the time‐lag effect on different types of droughts and gross primary production (GPP) at large regional scales remains unclear. Thus, using the GOSIF GPP product data of solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence, the meteorological drought index (standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index [SPEI]), and the agricultural drought index (soil moisture deficit index [SMDI]) based on the soil moisture data obtained from the Global Land Data Assimilation System, the time‐lag effect of regional drought and GPP and the contribution of drought to GPP variation were analysed in China from 2000 to 2018. Results showed that (1) China's annual GPP increased at an average rate of 9.26 g C m−2 y−1. With regard to the average rate for each climate zone, the largest increase of 30.44 g C m−2 y−1 was observed in the southern subtropical region, and the smallest increase (4.01 g C m−2 y−1) was observed in the Qinghai–Tibetan plateau, with about 53.11% of the regions showing a significant upward trend. In addition, the significantly declining regions were primarily concentrated in urban areas, accounting for about 2.26% of China. (2) SPEI and GPP had an average lag time of 6.28 months, whereas SMDI and GPP had an average lag time of 7.17 months. The comparison demonstrated that SMDI had a greater influence on GPP than SPEI. (3) The average contribution rate of meteorological drought and agricultural drought to the decrease of GPP was 79.37% and 87.06%, and their average contribution rate to the increase of GPP was 39.11% and 50.57%, respectively. This study will provide comprehensive understanding of the effects of drought on carbon and water cycles in terrestrial ecosystems with regard to climate change.
MiR‐223‐3p affects the proliferation and apoptosis of HCAECs in Kawasaki disease by regulating the expression of FOXP3
Authors: Zheng Ronghao , Xie Jing , Li Weijie , Shang Jianping , Shi Zuliang , Zhu Songbai , Gui Lin , Huang Li , Shu Lan , Liu Donglei , Gong Yi , Li Xiaohui , Chai Wanxia , Huang Xiaofen , Wu Xiaolin , Yue Jing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveKawasaki disease (KD) can lead to permanent damage to coronary structures, the pathogenesis of which remains unknown. This experiment was designed to investigate whether miR‐223‐3p secreted in the serum of KD patients affects the proliferation and apoptosis of HCAECs in KD by regulating FOXP3.MethodsBlood samples were collected in acute febrile phase of KD, after IVIG treatment, and from healthy controls. Transfected into HCAECs cells by synthetic FOXP3 siRNA/NC. A co‐culture system was established between HCAECs cells transfected with FOXP3 siRNA/NC and THP1 cells added with three sera.ResultsCompared with the control group, the expressions of miR‐223‐3p, RORγt, and Th17 in serum of KD patients were significantly upregulated, and the expressions of TGF‐β1, FOXP3 and Treg were significantly downregulated. At the same time, the levels of IL‐6, IL‐17, and IL‐23 were significantly increased, and the levels of IL‐10 and FOXP3 were significantly decreased. After IVIG treatment, the patient's above results were reversed. The serum of KD patients increased the expression of miR‐223‐3p and inhibited the expression of FOXP3 in HCAECs cells. IVIG serum is the opposite. Overexpression of miR‐223‐3p also promoted the apoptosis of HCAECs. In addition, serum from KD patients promoted apoptosis, whereas serum after IVIG treatment inhibited apoptosis. KD patient serum downregulated the expression of FOXP3, Bcl2, TGF‐β1 and IL‐10 in cells, and upregulated the expression of caspase3, Bax, IL‐17, IL‐6, and IL‐23. The opposite results were obtained with IVIG‐treated sera.ConclusionmiR‐223‐3p secreted in serum of KD patients can regulate the expression of FOXP3 and affect the proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation of cells.