bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Net Distance Matrix of a Signed Block Graph
Authors: Hong Zixuan , Hou Yaoping 
Published: March 2023

A connected signed graph Ġ, where all blocks of it are positive cliques or negative cliques (of possibly varying sizes), is called a signed block graph. Let A, N and D̃ be adjacency, net Laplacian and net distance matrices of a signed block graph, respectively. In this paper the formulas for the determinant of A and D̃ were given firstly. Then the inverse (resp. Moore-Penrose inverse) of D̃ is obtained if it is nonsingular (resp. singular), which is the sum of a Laplacian-like matrix and at most two matrices with rank 1.
The 0.19-mg Fluocinolone Acetonide Implant for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema: An Expert Consensus
Authors: Kolomeyer Anton M. , Eichenbaum David A. , Kiernan Daniel F. , Suñer Ivan J. , Hariprasad Seenu M. 
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective:
To better understand the level of agreement among retina specialists on the role of inflammation in diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME), and the use of 0.19-mg fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) implant in DME treatment, a consensus survey was drafted and disseminated to retina specialists across the United States.

Materials and Methods:
Using the modified Delphi method, a list of 12 consensus statements were generated by the coauthors based on short-answer responses to an initial survey. In total, 56 retina specialists completed the entire consensus survey. Except for two multiple-choice questions, there were 10 consensus statements that used a modified Likert scale to indicate their level of agreement to the statement: Agree = 3, Mostly Agree = 2, Mostly Disagree = 1, Disagree = 0. Percentage agreement and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and a consensus threshold was set at > 80% agreement for each statement.

Results:
Seven of 10 consensus statements using the modified Likert scale reached consensus, including those on the role of inflammation in pathophysiology of DR/DME, injection burden and patient adherence, and efficacy and safety of the FAc implant. The remaining three statements displayed high agreement with average scores > 80%, but the 95% CIs were below threshold. These included the impact of the FAc implant on DR progression, FAc as baseline therapy for DME, and the effectiveness of the steroid challenge to mitigate intraocular pressure risk after FAc use. Two multiple-choice questions focused on clinical situations in which corticosteroids would be used as baseline therapy for DME (pseudophakic eye [73%], recent stroke/myocardial infarction [66%], and pregnancy/breastfeeding [66%]) and which delivery route satisfies the steroid challenge for the FAc implant (intravitreal [100%], sub-tenon/periocular [73%], and topical [57%]).

Conclusions:
Physicians highly agreed on the role of inflammation in pathophysiology of DR/DME, injection burden and patient adherence, and efficacy and safety of the FAc implant. However, full consensus was not found on the impact of the FAc implant on DR progression, FAc as baseline therapy for DME, and the effectiveness of the steroid challenge to mitigate intraocular pressure risk after FAc use.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2023;54(3):166–173.]
International Validation of Myopic Traction Maculopathy Staging System
Authors: Parolini Barbara , Arevalo J. Fernando , Hassan Tarek , Kaiser Peter , Rezaei Kourous A. , Singh Rishi , Sakamoto Taiji , Rocha Jorge , Frisina Rino 
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the interobserver agreement of the myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) staging system (MSS).

Patients and Methods:
Each observer was asked to look at the MSS Table and then identify, in each optical coherence tomography scan, one among four stages of MTM in the retina, one among three stages in the fovea, and, as secondary findings, the presence or absence of an outer lamellar macular hole and the presence or absence of epiretinal abnormalities. The interobserver agreement value was calculated using the Gwet's AC1 unweighted and AC2 weighted statistics. The outcomes were interpreted as poor (<0.00), slight (0.00 to 0.20), fair (0.21 to 0.40), moderate (0.41 to 0.60), substantial (0.61 to 0.80), or almost perfect (0.81 to 1.00) agreement.

Results:
The agreement, among 65 participants, was 0.62 (AC1) and 0.77 (AC2) for the retina stage; 0.63 (AC1) and 0.81 (AC2) for the fovea stage; 0.56 (AC1) for the outer lamellar macular hole; and 0.26 (AC1) for epiretinal abnormalities.

Conclusion:
The MSS is highly reproducible and helps ophthalmologists to share information on MTM in a more accurate and reliable way.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2023;54(3):153–157.]
Onto-oriented Information Systems for Teaching Physics and Technical Disciplines by STEM-environment
Authors: Kuzmenko Olha , Dembitska Sofiia , Miastkovska Maryna , Savchenko Iryna , Demianenko Valentyna 
Published: March 2023

Therefore, a significant problem of our time is the substantiation of the scientific approach to the construction of an innovative educational environment with the use of STEM technologies in the teaching of physics and technical disciplines. Research hypothesis: introduction of a scientifically based onto-oriented information system of teaching physics and technical disciplines using the requirements of STEM education will help ensure the quality of the educational process of higher education institutions of technical orientation and stimulate the development of STEM skills in applicants.
The purpose of the research is to substantiate the principles of an onto-oriented information system for teaching physics and technical disciplines using STEM-environment and its approbation in the process of training specialists in the speciality 272 «Aviation Transport». The object of research is the process of modelling the onto-oriented information system of teaching physics and technical disciplines using the requirements of STEM education. The subject of the research is to improve the process of professional training of specialists in technical specialities based on integrative and interdisciplinarity. The authors have identified and substantiated the onto-oriented information system of teaching physics and technical disciplines using STEM-environment in institutions of higher education of technical profile; it is established that the implementation of the proposed onto-oriented information system of teaching physics and technical disciplines with the use of STEM-technologies.
Design of An Adaptive E-learning Model Based on Artificial Intelligence for Enhancing Online Teaching
Authors: Kaouni Mouna , Lakrami Fatima , Labouidya Ouidad 
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, teaching involves more and more the usage of digital tools to accompany face-to-face learning. Such a system is being referred to as hybrid teaching. These digital tools include mainly distance learning platforms based on LMS (Learning management systems). LMS help to create on-line digital spaces to store and organize teaching material while providing a pedagogical learning process to connect educational communities. Despite the many forms of content that can be implemented on these platforms, from traditional file-based to interactive and animated content, these systems remain both passive and generic. They lack the ability to adapt to the learner in terms of learning skills, preferences, languages, intellectual abilities, learning patterns and rhythms. This paper proposes a design and modeling of an intelligent and dynamic adaptive learning system based on artificial intelligence with the main objective of identifying and providing personalized learning environments adapted to the learner needs.
Identify Slow Learners in Math: Case Study in Rural Schools
Authors: Murdiyanto Tri , Wijayanti Dwi Antari , Sovia Anny 
Published: March 2023

Abstract— One way to identify slow learners is with an IQ (Intelligence Quotient) test. However, in rural schools, facilities for conducting IQ tests are very difficult to obtain, usually only in big cities. Whereas student identification is very necessary before students register for elementary schools, in order to determine students' abilities, so that later students can be facilitated according to their learning needs. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach that aims to identify slow learners in rural schools. The participants involved were all students in four schools in one village in Indonesia. Data were obtained by conducting interviews with teachers, sorting student report cards, observing the learning process, and administering tests. The results showed that based on interviews with teachers, sorting student report cards, observing the learning process, and giving tests, there were 17 students identified as slow learners. Among them are 6 female students and 11 male students. In addition to the IQ test, the identification of slow learners can be done by interviewing teachers, viewing student report cards, observing the learning process in class, and giving tests to students. Thus each teacher can identify each student easily, this will be very helpful for teachers in rural schools.
identify, rural school, slow learner
Correlation of Fetal Anterior Abdominal Wall Thickness and Other Standard Biometric Ultrasound Measurements to Predict Fetal Macrosomia in Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Bansal Ashish , Thukral Brij Bhushan , Bagri Neha , Kanwar Ankita , Khandelwal Ayush , Bajaj Bindu 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical conditions affecting pregnancy and significantly increasing the risk for maternal and perinatal complications. The aim of the present study is to study the correlation of fetal anterior abdominal wall thickness (FAAWT) and other standard fetal biometric parameters measured by ultrasound between 36 and 39 weeks of gestation with neonatal birth weight in pregnancies complicated by GDM.

Methods:
Prospective cohort study in a tertiary care center including 100 singleton pregnancies with GDM were subjected to ultrasound between 36 and 39 weeks of gestation. Standard fetal biometry (Biparietal diameter, Head Circumference, Abdominal circumference [AC], and Femur Length) and estimated fetal weight were calculated. FAAWT was measured at AC section and actual neonatal birth weights were recorded after delivery. Macrosomia was defined as an absolute birth weight more than 4000 g regardless of the gestational age. Statistical analysis was done and 95% confidence level was considered significant.

Results:
Among 100 neonates, 16 were macrosomic (16%) and third trimester mean FAAWT was significantly higher in macrosomic babies (6.36 ± 0.5 mm) as compared to nonmacrosomic babies (5.54 ± 0.61 mm) (P < 0.0001). FAAWT >6 mm (Receiver operating characteristic curve derived) provided a sensitivity of 87.5%, specificity of 75%, positive predictive value of 40%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 96.9% for prediction of macrosomia. While other standard fetal biometric parameters did not correlate well with actual birth weight in macrosomic neonates, only FAAWT was found to have statistically significant correlation (correlation coefficient of 0.626, P = 0.009).

Conclusion:
The FAAWT was the only sonographic parameter to have a significant correlation with neonatal birth weight in macrosomic neonates of GDM mothers. We found a high sensitivity (87.5%), specificity (75%), and NPV (96.9%) suggesting that FAAWT < 6 mm can rule out macrosomia in pregnancies with GDM.
Dynamic chest computed tomography change analysis and prediction of length of stay for delta variant COVID-19 patients
Authors: Xin Xiaoyan , Yang Wen , Wei Ying , Hu Jun , Peng Xin , Sun Yi , Long Cong , Zhang Xin , Du Chao , Shi Feng , Zhang Bing 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE:
As hospital admission rate is high during the COVID-19 pandemic, hospital length of stay (LOS) is a key indicator of medical resource allocation. This study aimed to elucidate specific dynamic longitudinal computed tomography (CT) imaging changes for patients with COVID-19 over in-hospital and predict individual LOS of COVID-19 patients with Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 using the machine learning method.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This retrospective study recruited 448 COVID-19 patients with a total of 1761 CT scans from July 14, 2021 to August 20, 2021 with an averaged hospital LOS of 22.5 ± 7.0 days. Imaging features were extracted from each CT scan, including CT morphological characteristics and artificial intelligence (AI) extracted features. Clinical features were obtained from each patient's initial admission. The infection distribution in lung fields and progression pattern tendency was analyzed. Then, to construct a model to predict patient LOS, each CT scan was considered as an independent sample to predict the LOS from the current CT scan time point to hospital discharge combining with the patients' corresponding clinical features. The 1761 follow-up CT data were randomly split into training set and testing set with a ratio of 7:3 at patient-level. A total of 85 most related clinical and imaging features selected by Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator were used to construct LOS prediction model.

RESULTS:
Infection-related features were obtained, such as the percentage of the infected region of lung, ground-glass opacity (GGO), consolidation and crazy-paving pattern, and air bronchograms. Their longitudinal changes show that the progression changes significantly in the earlier stages (0–3 days to 4–6 days), and then, changes tend to be statistically subtle, except for the intensity range between (−470 and −70) HU which exhibits a significant increase followed by a continuous significant decrease. Furthermore, the bilateral lower lobes, especially the right lower lobe, present more severe. Compared with other models, combining the clinical, imaging reading, and AI features to build the LOS prediction model achieved the highest R
2 of 0.854 and 0.463, Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.939 and 0.696, and lowest mean absolute error of 2.405 and 4.426, and mean squared error of 9.176 and 34.728 on the training and testing set.

CONCLUSION:
The most obvious progression changes were significantly in the earlier stages (0–3 days to 4–6 days) and the bilateral lower lobes, especially the right lower lobe. GGO, consolidation, and crazy-paving pattern and air bronchograms are the most main CT findings according to the longitudinal changes of infection-related features with LOS (day). The LOS prediction model of combining clinical, imaging reading, and AI features achieved optimum performance.
Analogía pedagógica de los modelos educativos de enseñanza y aprendizaje aplicados en la Universidad Nacional de Educación y Yachay Tech
Authors: Hinostroza Elizeth Mayrene Flores , García Jennifer Paola Guachun , Chabla Karen Gabriela Guillcatanda 
Published: March 2023

La presente investigación de tipo descriptivo analiza y explica el valor que tienen los distintos modelos pedagógicos en el desarrollo y formación de un docente de Ciencias Experimentales; teniendo en cuenta la influencia de un modelo pedagógico y su importancia en la educación en relación con las distintas teorías de aprendizaje. Este análisis descriptivo desarrollado en el lugar de la investigación, utilizó una metodología mixta (métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos) sin manipular las variables de estudio. Para la recopilación de información se utilizaron varios instrumentos de investigación; la observación se empleó para definir el problema de estudio, mientras que las encuestas se usaron para la obtención de datos. Dichas encuestas fueron aplicadas a 25 estudiantes de noveno ciclo paralelo 1 de la carrera de Ciencias Experimentales. Según el análisis, se tiene como principal resultado que, más del 64% de la muestra coincide en que las dos universidades poseen un enfoque constructivista.
Analysis of the effect of Financial Distress on Tax avoidance during the COVID-19 Financial Crisis: Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Khan Muhammad Tasnim , Nawaz Fatima 
Published: March 2023

For the purposes to finance their business operations, firms have incentives to engage in corporate tax avoidance activities when managerial incentives increase as compared to managerial costs. These activities are significantly high when firms are inthe financial distress zone. The Covid-19 financial crisis (CFC) provides significant findings on whether corporate tax avoidance hasa significant difference from the pre-Covid-19 tothe post-Covid-19 financial crisis, whether a firm’s management is obligated to engage aggressively with corporate tax avoidance. This research aims to investigate the impact of financial distress on corporate tax avoidance during the Covid-19 financial crisis. Based on a sample of 175 firms listed on PSX covering the period of 2010-2021. The study applies GMM dynamic approach with (static) fixed and random effect models to check the robustness of results. The finding of the GMM approach demonstrates that financial distress has a statistically significant and positive impact on corporate tax avoidance. Consistent with the cost-benefits analysis and risk-shifting behavior theories, firms engage more in tax avoidance, especially during financial distress. Moreover, CFC magnified the relationship between these variables, and firms investigated in the study face development suffer mostly in this globally and economically distressing period.
El “cambio de orientación” como medio facilitador del éxito en el fútbol (The switch play as a means of facilitating success in football)
Authors: Amatria Mario , Maneiro Dios Rubén , Moral García José Enrique , López García Sergio 
Published: March 2023

El presente estudio ahonda en los indicadores de rendimiento en el fútbol de élite, se tomó el cambio de orientación como objeto de estudio tratando de identificar y describir su presencia y tipología como medio para el desarrollo exitoso del ataque ante la ausencia de estudios previos versados sobre este medio. Para ello se hizo uso de la metodología observacional y se elaboró un instrumento de observación ad-hoc, implementado en el software Lince Plus, para llevar a cabo el proceso de registro y codificación de los datos. La fiabilidad se garantizó a través del coeficiente Kappa de Cohen y la Teoría de la Generalizabilidad. Se ha desarrollado un análisis de relación de variables categóricas y de T-Patterns atendiendo a los niveles de éxito. Las conclusiones alcanzadas en este estudio han revelado que la presencia del cambio de orientación resulta un medio que favorece y facilita el alcance de situaciones ofensivas favorables para alcanzar el gol en el fútbol de élite.
Palabras clave: Élite, Táctica, Técnica, Metodología Observacional, Cambio de Orientación
Abstract. The present investigation delves into the performance indicators in elite soccer, the change of orientation was taken as an object of study trying to identify and describe its presence and typology as a means for the successful development of the attack. For this, the observational methodology was used and an ad-hoc observation instrument was developed, implemented in the Lince Plus software, to carry out the data recording and coding process. Reliability was guaranteed through Cohen's Kappa coefficient and the Generalizability Theory. An analysis of the relationship of categorical variables and T-Patterns has been developed according to the levels of success. The conclusions reached in this work have revealed that the presence of the change of orientation is a means that favors and facilitates the achievement of favorable offensive situations to reach the goal in elite football.
Key words: Soccer, Tactics, Technique, Observational Methodology, Switch play
Estudio de caso comparativo de gasto calórico de dos actividades de fitness: Cinta Dance® y carrera continua (A comparative case study of caloric expenditure of two fitness activities: Cinta Dance® and continuous running)
Authors: Velasco Mérida Remedios , Palma-Leon Paloma , Arias-Arias César Gabriel , Calvo-Lluch Africa 
Published: March 2023

El propósito de este estudio de caso fue determinar el gasto calórico de la actividad de Cinta Dance® y comparar esta con el gasto calórico de correr a velocidad constante en las mismas condiciones. Para ello, dos sujetos, un varón y una mujer realizaron una sesión de 45 minutos de Cinta Dance®, ejecutando una coreografía sobre un tapiz rodante, y corrieron a la misma velocidad para comparar el gasto calórico que supuso cada actividad. Los datos obtenidos del gasto calórico fueron medidos a través del calorímetro Sense Wear Armband Pro3. Así mismo, se analizaron los posibles cambios de ánimo inducidos por cada actividad mediante la Escala de Valoración del Estado de Ánimo y parámetros de fatiga muscular y cardiorrespiratoria percibida a través de una Escala de Borg. Para ambos sujetos la actividad de Cinta Dance® supuso un gasto calórico mayor que el producido durante la carrera continua. Cinta Dance® disminuye el estado de depresión y aumenta la alegría tras la realización de esta en ambos sexos, además, supone una mayor fatiga cardiorrespiratoria y muscular en comparación con la carrera continua. Se clasifica Cinta Dance®, en función de los valores percibidos en la escala de Borg, como un ejercicio de baile de alta intensidad. Finalmente, se posiciona la sesión de Cinta Dance® como una actividad aeróbica más con la que incrementar el gasto calórico.
Palabras clave: BodyMedia SenseWear; Cinta Dance®; Danza; Gasto Calórico; Tapiz rodante.
Abstract. The purpose of this case study is to determine the caloric expenditure of Cinta Dance® and compare it to running at a constant speed under the same conditions. A man and a woman completed a 45-minute Cinta Dance® session, performing a choreographed routine on a treadmill, and ran at the same speed to compare the caloric expenditure of each activity. Caloric expenditure was measured using the BodyMedia SenseWear calorimeter. Possible induced mood changes were analyzed by means of the Scale for Mood Assessment (EVEA) and parameters of perceived muscular and cardiorespiratory fatigue through a Borg Scale. For both subjects, the Cinta Dance® activity resulted in a higher caloric expenditure than that produced during continuous running, with a difference of 201.58 kcal in the case of the male and 57.08 kcal in the case of the female. Cinta Dance® decreases the state of sadness-depression and increases joy after the session in both sexes, and, in addition, it incurs a greater cardiorespiratory and muscular fatigue in comparison to continuous running. Therefore, Cinta Dance® is classified as a high intensity dance exercise. We conclude that Cinta Dance® can be one more aerobic activity with which to increase caloric expenditure.
Keywords: BodyMedia SenseWear; Cinta Dance®; Caloric Expenditure; Dance; Treadmill.
CONTAMINATION OF FETAL BOVINE SERA BY TRANSFORMED TUBERCULOSIS MYCOBACTERIA
Authors: Lysenko A. P. , Kuchvalski M. V. , Pritychenko A. N. , Krasnikova E. L. , Anikevich N. Y. 
Published: March 2023

In commercial lots of fetal bovine serum (FBS), the tuberculosis mycobacteria (MTB) genome was detected and with cell wall deficient (CWD) MTB were isolated. It is clearly associated with the widespread latent tuberculosis infection that is not detected by tuberculin test and traditional bacteriological methods. The seriousness of the prob-lem of such contamination was confirmed by the isolation of CWD MTB from live and inactivated virus vaccines that were obtained using FBS. Isolates from FBS and vaccines demonstrated adaptive properties inherent in CWD MTB, withstood extreme heating and chemical action.
It is indicated that it is necessary to control FBS for the presence of the MTB genome and by inoculating on the special nutrient medium after incubation in the growth stimulant due to the risk of neoplastic processes increased by contaminated vaccines, and due to induced reactions to bovine tuberculin in certain cases.