bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronan-enriched transfer medium (HETM) can improve the implantation rate in morphologically poor euploid blastocyst transfer
Authors: NAKAGAWA KOJI , Horikawa Takashi , Orita Yuji , Yamashiro Emi , Watanabe Hideaki , Shirai Asako , Ogata Souichi , Kataoka Hisayo , Kuroda Keiji , Takamizawa Satoru , Sugiyama Rikikazu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose: Hyaluronan-enriched transfer medium (HETM) could improve the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) for patients with repeated implantation failures (RIF). In contrast, there have been seldom reports addressing the potentially beneficial effects of HETM for morphologically poor blastocysts (MPBLs). Our study aimed to evaluate whether the use of HETM would improve the CPR for the patients who were transferred with euploid MPBLs. Methods: Patients who underwent single euploid blastocyst transfer between July 2020 and June 2022 were enrolled. We included only those blastocysts confirmed as euploid by PGT-A, and those blastocysts were transferred after thawing. The natural ovulatory cycle or hormone replacement cycle (HRC) protocol were used for endometrial preparation for thawed blastocyst transfer (thawed-BT). A total of 1,168 thawed-BT cycles were performed in the study period, including 954 cycles of morphologically good blastocysts (≥ 4BB in Gardner’s classification), and 85 cycles of MPBLs, of which 47 were transferred using HETM in thawed-BT (the HETM group), and the remaining 38 were transferred with the medium without hyaluronan (the control group). We compared the CPR between these two groups. Results: The characteristics of patients were similar between the HETM and control groups. The CPR in the HETM group was significantly higher than the control group (47.4% and 21.5%, respectively, p = 0.019). The multiple logistic regression analysis found that the use of HETM was a predictive factor of positive pregnancy outcomes (OR = 5.08, 95% CI = 1.62-16.0, p = 0.019). Conclusion: Our data suggests that HETM used in the euploid blastocyst transfer can improve the clinical pregnancy rates of morphologically poor blastocysts.
The Prevalence of Unintended Pregnancy and Its Association with Unmet Need of Contraception among Reproductive Age Women: An Analysis of the 2016 Uganda Demographic Health Survey (UDHS)
Authors: Asrat Daniel , Olubukola Adesina , Copas Andrew 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction

Unintended pregnancy and unmet contraceptive needs continue to be a public health concern, contributing to maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Several studies have been done to assess the determinant of unintended pregnancies in the last decade. However, representative research exploring the association between unplanned pregnancy and unmet contraceptive needs among Ugandan women of reproductive age is inadequate. This study aims to measure unmet contraception needs and its relationship with unintended pregnancy and other factors in relation unwanted pregnancy in Uganda from national representative sample.

Methods

Data of this study were obtained from Uganda demographic health survey (UDHS) 2016. The survey was cross-sectional in design and sample was collected in the second half of 2016. The study included 18,506 women between the ages of 15 and 49 who had at least one history of pregnancy priority to the survey. After controlling for other variables, the planning status of the most recent pregnancy was the primary outcome variable, and the unmet need for contraception was the main independent factor. The data was analysed using descriptive analysis, cross-tabulation, chi-square testing, and logistic regression. Version 17 of STATA was used for data analysis. At p < 0.05 was considered a statistical significance association.

Results

More than two-fifths of women reported an unintended pregnancy (44.5%), and around 21.09% had an unmet need for contraception. In the adjusted model, the odds ratio of unintended pregnancy among women with unmet contraceptive need was 3.97 times (95% CI = 3.61–4.37) higher than for among women who reported met need contraceptive. Age of women, place of residence, household wealth status, contraceptive usage decision, educational attainment participant, husband occupation and husband educational level were factors statistically significant association with unintended pregnancy.

Conclusion

According to this study, the rate of unintended pregnancy and unmet contraceptive need were both higher than the estimated global average. It is still at alarming levels, requiring various policy attention. This shows that initiatives addressing unmet needs contraceptive could be reduce unintended pregnancy. More extensive qualitative research on the key sociocultural and behavioural factors for unwanted pregnancy might be required to develop context-specific solutions.
Construction and Validation of Prognostic Models in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis-associated Acute Kidney Injury: machine learning approaches compare with traditional logistic regression.
Authors: Fan Zhiyan , Jiang Jiamei , Chen Fanghui , Xiao Chen , Chen Youlei , Xia Quan , Wang Juan , Fang Mengjuan , Wu Zesheng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in critically ill patients with sepsis and often represents a poor prognosis. However, the application of machine learning methods in this filed is lacking. We aim to construct and validate clinical prognosis prediction models for patients with sepsis associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) with machine learning methods.
Method
Data of training cohort patients were collected from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database version 1.4 (MIMIC III v1.4) to build models, and data of patients were extracted from Hangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine for model external validation. Predictors for mortality were initially identify by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and then random forest (RF), Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT), Neural network models: Multi-layer Perceptron(MLP), Support vector machines(SVMs) and traditional Logistic regression(LR) were used to establish prediction models for 7 days, 14 days, and 28 days after ICU admission, respectively. The prediction performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, decision curve analysis (DCA) and f1-score.
Result
A total of 1982 critically ill patients with S-AKI were included for analysis, of which 1882 patients for model development, 100 patients for external validation. The overall 7-day mortality was about 23.6%. A total 20 variables were selected for model establishment. The models of LR, RF, GBDT, MLP, SVM were established and obtained areas under the ROC curves (AUC) of 0.74, 0.86, 0.88, 0.83, 0.75 in 7 days group, 0.62, 0.70, 0.72, 0.67, 0.61 in 14 days group, 0.6, 0.61, 0.57, 0.56, 0.6 in group 28 days in training cohort. According to the results of AUC, f1-score, and DCA in the training cohort for the 7-day, 14-day, 28-day for the five models, the model of RF and GBDT exhibits excellent performance. The RF and GBDT models also have Excellent discrimination in validation cohort.
Conclusion
By utilizing the machine learning approaches we construct more significant prediction models. Clinically, the RF and GBDT models might be useful in helping clinicians craft precise treatment and management plans for patients with S-AKI.
Modeling Linear and Nonlinear Relationship between Temperature and Development Rate of Amblyseuis swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae)
Authors: Moradi Farshad , Rahimi Akram , Sadeghi Amin , Fathipour Yaghoub , Maroufpoor Mostafa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

In recent years, the utilization of biocontrol agents to administer agriculture pests has received more attention, which has conduce to an growth in companies generating biocontrol agents, including predators and parasitoids. Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot as a part of predatory communities in greenhouses is currently used worldwide as a biocontrol agent against small insects and various mites, especially to suppress the population of the two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch. To improve mass rearing of A. swirskii and optimize its application in integrated pest management programs, its development rate was determined at seven constant temperatures ranging from 15 to 32 (±1)°C, 50±10% RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h under laboratory conditions. To determine the lower temperature threshold (T0) and thermal constant (K) of different stages of the predator, two linear models (ordinary and Ikemoto) were used. In addition, 26 nonlinear models were fitted to evaluate the development rate at different temperatures. The lower temperature threshold (T0) and thermal constant (K) of total immature stages were estimated by the ordinary (3.72°C and 133.22 DD) and Ikemoto (10.64°C and 86.51DD) linear models. Based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC), the best model for description of the temperature-dependent development rate of the egg, larval, protonymphal and dutonymphal stages was the Ratkowsky model and for the whole pre-adult stage, it was the Logan-6 model. Our results provided a detailed evaluation of the thermal requirements of A. swirskii, which can be important in improving the role of this mite in biological control programs.
The midazolam and fentanyl versus additional use of propofol in difficult-to-sedate cases during bronchoscopy by transcutaneous gas monitoring: a case control study
Authors: Yazawa Nana , Nakamura Yusuke , Takemasa Akihiro , Uchida Nobuhiko , Kushima Yoshitomo , Masawa Meitetsu , Okutomi Hiroaki , Soda Sayo , Ikeda Naoya , Arai Ryo , Chibana Kazuyuki , Niho Seiji , Shimizu Yasuo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: bronchoscopy is a relatively invasive procedure, and standard anesthesia is often inadequate. The recently introduced transcutaneous carbon dioxide (tcpCO2) monitoring has become a convenient surrogate method for continuous monitoring of the partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2). The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of additional use of propofol during bronchoscopy by transcutaneous blood gas monitoring.
Methods: patients in whom transcutaneous gas monitoring was performed during bronchoscopy were included in this study. The study subjects were divided into two groups: 1) the midazolam + fentanyl group (MF group), and 2) the group in which midazolam was switched to propofol because of inadequate sedation with midazolam + fentanyl (MFP group). We conducted a retrospective analysis of the transcutaneous gas measurement data obtained during bronchoscopy.
Results: data of a total of 61 patients (MF group, n=41; MFP group, n=20) were analyzed. The duration over which the tcpCO2 remained over 50 mm Hg was longer in the MFP group (MF 0.0 min vs. MFP 7.8 min, p=0.042). The percentage of patients in whom the tcpCO2 rose to over 50 mm Hg was also higher in the MFP group (MF group, 14.6% vs. MFP group, 65.0%). None of the patients required discontinuation of the bronchoscopic procedure due to inadequate sedation. Conclusions: while the addition of propofol improved the tolerability of the procedure in difficult-to-sedate patients, it was also associated with a higher risk of ventilatory failure and hypoxemia. Thus, in order to ensure safety, additional propofol should be used with caution under continuous pCO2 monitoring, such as by transcutaneous measurement.
Trial registration: this study was conducted with the approval of the Clinical Research Management Division of Dokkyo Medical University (Approval No.: R-15-5J) under the supervision of a well-trained bronchoscopist. The contents of the study were disclosed in an opt-out format.
Microcrystalline cellulose grafted hyperbranched polyester with roll comb structure for synergistic toughening and strengthening of PHBV/ bio-based polyester elastomer composites
Authors: Han Xiaolong , Han Yi , Jin Yujuan , Wang Zhao , Tian Huafeng , Huang Jiawei , Guo Maolin , Men Shuang , Lei Haibo , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The brittle feature of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is the major challenge that strongly restricts its application at present. Successfully synthesized bio-based engineering polyester elastomers (BEPE) were combined with PHBV to create entirely bio-composites with the intention of toughening PHBV. Herein, the 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-propionic acid (DMPA) was grafted onto microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and then further transformed into hyperbranched polyester structure via polycondensation. The modified MCC, named MCHBP, had plenty of terminal hydroxyl groups, which get dispersed between PHBV and BEPE. Besides, a large number of terminal hydroxyl groups of MCHBP can interact with the carbonyl groups of PHBV or BEPE in a wide range of hydrogen bonds, and subsequently increase the adhesion and stress transfer between the PHBV and BEPE. The tensile toughness and the elongation at break of the PHBV/BEPE composites with 0.5phr MCHBP were improved by 559.7% and 221.8% in comparison to those of PHBV/BEPE composites. Results also showed that MCHBP can play a heterogeneous nucleation effect on the crystallization of PHBV. Therefore, this research can address the current issue of biopolymers' weak mechanical qualities and may have uses in food packaging.
Critical illness at the Emergency Department of a Tanzanian National Hospital in a three- year period 2019-2021
Authors: Mboya Erick A. , Ndumwa Harrieth P. , Amani Davis E. , Nkondora Paulina N. , Mlele Victoria , Biyengo Happines , Mashoka Ramadhan , Haniffa Rashan , Beane Abi , Mfinanga Juma , Sunguya Bruno F. , Sawe Hendry R. , Baker Tim 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background

Critically ill patients have life-threatening conditions requiring immediate vital organ function intervention. But, critical illness in the emergency department (ED) has not been comprehensively described in resource-limited settings. Understanding the characteristics and dynamics of critical illness can help hospitals prepare for and ensure the continuum of care for critically ill patients. This study aimed to describe the pattern and outcomes of critically ill patients at the ED of the National Hospital in Tanzania from 2019 to 2021.

Methodology

This hospital-records-based cohort study analyzed records of all critically ill patients who attended the ED of Muhimbili National Hospital between January 2019 and December 2021. Data extracted from the ED electronic database included clinical and demographic information, diagnoses, and outcome status at the ED. Critical illness in this study was defined as either a severe derangement of one or more vital signs measured at triage or the provision of critical care intervention. Data were analyzed using Stata 17 to examine critical illnesses' burden, characteristics, first-listed diagnosis, and outcomes at the ED.

Results

Among the 158,445 patients who visited the ED in the study period, 16,893 (10.7%) were critically ill. The burden of critical illness was 6,346 (10.3%) in 2019, 5,148 (10.9%) in 2020, and 5,400 (11.0%) in 2021. Respiratory (18.8%), cardiovascular (12.6%), infectious diseases (10.2%), and trauma (10.2%) were the leading causes of critical illness. Most (81.6%) of the critically ill patients presenting at the ED were admitted, of which 11% were admitted to the ICUs and 89% to general wards. Of the critically ill, 4.8% died in the ED.

Conclusion

More than one in ten patients attending the Tanzanian National Hospital emergency department was critically ill. The number of critically ill patients did not increase during the pandemic. The majority were admitted to general hospital wards, and about one in twenty died at the ED. This study highlights the burden of critical illness faced by hospitals and the need to ensure the availability and quality of emergency and critical care throughout hospitals.
Plasma Proteome of Long-covid Patients Indicates Hypoxia-mediated Vasculo-proliferative Disease With Impact on Brain and Heart Function
Authors: Iosef DVM Cristiana , Knauer Michael J. , Nicholson Michael , Nynatten Logan R. Van , Cepinskas DVM Gediminas , Draghici Sorin , Han Victor K. M. , Fraser  
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aims
Long-COVID occurs after SARS-CoV-2 infection and results in diverse, prolonged symptoms. The present study aims to determine the underlying mechanisms, and to inform prognosis and treatment.
Methods
Plasma proteome from Long-COVID outpatients was analyzed in comparison to acutely ill COVID-19 (mild and severe) inpatients and healthy control subjects. The expression of approximately 3000 protein biomarkers was determined with proximity extension assays and then deconvoluted with multiple bioinformatics tools into both cell types and signaling mechanisms, as well as organ specificity.
Results
Compared to age- and sex-matched acutely ill COVID-19 inpatients and healthy control subjects, Long-COVID outpatients showed natural killer cells with a resting phenotype, as opposed to active, and neutrophils that formed extracellular traps. This resetting of cell phenotypes was reflected in vascular events mediated by both angiopoietin-1 (ANGPT1) and vascular-endothelial growth factor-A (VEGFA). Levels of ANGPT1 and VEGFA were validated by serological methods in different patient cohorts. Silent signaling of transforming growth factor-β1 with elevated EP300 favored not only vascular inflammation, but also tumor necrosis factor-α driven pathways. In addition, a vascular proliferative state associated with hypoxia inducible factor 1 pathway was predicted that progressed from COVID-19 to Long-COVID. The vasculo-proliferative process identified in Long-COVID was associated with significant changes in the organ-specific proteome reflective of neurological and cardiometabolic dysfunction.
Conclusions
Taken together, our study uncovered a vasculo-proliferative process in Long-COVID initiated by prior hypoxia, and identified potential organ-specific prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Evidence of behavior consistent with self-interest and altruism in an artificially intelligent agent
Authors: Johnson Tim , Obradovich Nick 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Members of various species engage in altruism--i.e. accepting personal costs to benefit others. Here we present an incentivized experiment to test for altruistic behavior among AI agents consisting of large language models developed by the private company OpenAI. Using real incentives for AI agents that take the form of tokens used to purchase their services, we first examine whether AI agents maximize their payoffs in a non-social decision task in which they select their payoff from a given range. We then place AI agents in a series of dictator games in which they can share resources with a recipient—either another AI agent, the human experimenter, or an anonymous charity, depending on the experimental condition. Here we find that only the most-sophisticated AI agent in the study maximizes its payoffs more often than not in the non-social decision task (it does so in 92% of all trials), and this AI agent also exhibits the most-generous altruistic behavior in the dictator game, resembling humans’ rates of sharing with other humans in the game. The agent’s altruistic behaviors, moreover, vary by recipient: the AI agent shared substantially less of the endowment with the human experimenter or an anonymous charity than with other AI agents. Our findings provide evidence of behavior consistent with self-interest and altruism in an AI agent. Moreover our study also offers a novel method for tracking the development of such behaviors in future AI agents.
Modulation of cellular transcriptome and proteome composition by azidohomoalanine – implications on click chemistry based secretome analysis
Authors: Kirschner Friederike , Arnold-Schild Danielle , Leps Christian , Łącki Mateusz Krzysztof , Klein Matthias , Ludt Annekathrin , Marini Federico , Kücük Can , Stein Lara , Distler Ute , Sielaff Malte , Michna Thomas , Riegel Kristina , Rajalingam Krishnaraj , Bopp Tobias , Tenzer Stefan , Schild Hansjörg 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The analysis of the secretome provides important information on proteins defining intercellular communication and the recruitment and behavior of cells in specific tissues. Especially in the context of tumors, secretome data can support decisions for diagnosis and therapy. The mass spectrometry-based analysis of cell-conditioned media is widely used for the unbiased characterization of cancer secretomesin vitro. Metabolic labeling using azide-containing amino acid analogs in combination with click chemistry facilitates this type of analysis in the presence of serum, preventing serum starvation-induced effects. The modified amino acid analogs, however, are less efficiently incorporated into newly synthesized proteins and may perturb protein folding. Combining transcriptome and proteome analysis, we elucidate in detail the effects of metabolic labeling with the methionine analog azidohomoalanine (AHA) on gene and protein expression. Our data reveal that changes in transcript and protein expression levels of 15% – 39% of the proteins detected in the secretome were induced by AHA labeling. Performing Gene Ontology (GO) analyses, our results reveal that metabolic labeling using AHA leads to induction of cellular stress and apoptosis-related pathways and provide first insights on how this affects the composition of the secretome on a global scale.
3L, three-Lactobacilli on recovering of microbiome and immune-damage by cyclophosphamide chemotherapy —A pilot experiment in rats—
Authors: Yue Shousong , Zhang Zhenzhong , Bian Fei , Zhang Yan , Chen Gao , Zhu Youfeng , Li Jun , Picimbon Jean-François 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose We examined the impact of using a probiotic containing three differentLactobacilli(3L) on the gut microbiome of rats following cyclophosphamide (CTX) treatment. CTX corresponded to chemotherapy which is used for human cancer treatment and known to have adversive effects on the immune system. Methods We conducted our experiment with ten rats in five different experimental groups which included control, CTX treated, and then low, medium, and high probiotic treatment with CTX treatment. Of these ten rats in each group, we sequenced the stool of three of them using both ITS and 16S sequencing. We then went on to examine the taxonomic composition of these samples to determine whether probiotic treatment helped the rat’s microbiome return to similar structure as the control rats. Results We used Illumina MiSeq sequencing to generate sequencing data from microbial genomic DNA libraries, which is useful for testing the effects of 3L on bacteria and fungi. Microbiome analysis, phylogenetic and classification reports, and community data have all backed up the experiments and findings that 3L had a significant positive impact on the microbiome. Furthermore, the effect on specific metabolic pathways aids in deriving the study’s conclusion (use of 3L in chemotherapy) to the mode of action, mechanistically by correcting microbiota composition and enhancing specific gut metabolic functions. Conclusions Through experimental results using anin vivomodel, we suggested the role of novel natural probiotics 3L, 3 Lactobacilli in the establishment of a strong and sustainable beneficial healthy gut flora, after CTX chemotherapy. We suggested some new adjuvants to chemotherapy as drugs + lactobacillustreament using the rat CTX model (immunosuppression caused by cyclophosphamide). Furthermore, in numerous studies that reported the use of probiotics involvingLactobacillusin post-chemo or post-surgical procedures, we proposed a new probiotic formulation (L. acidophilus + L. casei + L. plantarum) to be further studied and explored in the prevention of health condition loss by alteration of the general immune system.