bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Une approche transdisciplinaire de la problématique de la mobilité scolaire à Mons (Belgique)
Authors: Durieux Marianne , Pouleur Jean-Alexandre , Scoubeau Chantal 
Published: April 2023

À partir d’un cas d’étude d’urbanisme complexe actuel, celui des problèmes d’accessibilité des implantations scolaires d’une ville moyenne belge (Mons), une proposition d’analyse transdisciplinaire des déplacements entre le domicile et l’école est présentée. Ce phénomène observé émerge de différentes données de terrain, dont les retours des citoyens lors d’un processus participatif. Pour appréhender ce phénomène, la méthodologie utilisée est inductive-abductive : en s’appuyant sur le terrain, des abductions sont élaborées et ensuite confrontées à des concepts théoriques existants. La question de recherche est donc celle-ci : comment la transdisciplinarité aide-t-elle à théoriser l’accessibilité des établissements scolaires à Mons? En premier lieu, l’article présente le phénomène observé et le cadre théorique. Ensuite, le processus de recherche cyclique entre les données de terrain, les abductions et les concepts théoriques empruntés à différentes disciplines (l’architecture, la géographie et la sociologie urbaine) est détaillé. Enfin, l’intérêt de l’approche systémique et transdisciplinaire est montré pour le phénomène observé.
Treatment of hyperkeratotic lesions, primarily focusing on corns with the aid of various techniques, mainly emphasizing on homeopathy- an overview.
Authors: Amreen Sumiyya R  , Rajendra Eknath Shinde  
Published: April 2023

Corns are also known as localized plantar hyperkeratosis of skin, is one of the most common diseases in young adults and old people throughout the world. It falls under the category of superficial disorders occurring in the foot. It is caused by the hyperactivity of keratinocytes, that is to say, the hyperkeratotic activity of stratum corneum or rapid proliferation of keratinocytes, resulting in the formation of thickened layers of skin. The major mechanical cause for the development of corn is faulty footwear, congenital deformities in the foot viz... A mallet toe, hammertoe and claw toes. A broad forefoot that has been forcefully constricted in the toe box could be one of the most common causes for the development of Corn. The common symptoms associated with corn are pain, impaired mobility and limited functional activities. Common site of the appearance of Corn is palm, soles of feet, knees, balls of the heel. On assessment, it is observed that 14 -48 % of people experience the sufferings of Corn. 33-78% of older age group people over 75 years of age experience these hyperkeratotic lesions. Here we are going to discuss the existing literature describing various methods that are used while treating hyperkeratotic lesions, especially of Corn. The following literature concisely provides different procedures opted to excavate the Corn, either conservatively or operatively, using Homoeopathy or modern medicine respectively. In this review of the literature, we are going to exhibit the effectiveness of homoeopathic medicine over other conventional methods of treatment. This article will review a few of the literature work done under the condition of hyperkeratotic lesions mainly emphasizing the treatment of Corns by using various techniques in various systems of medicine.
Correlation between Fetal Kidney Length and Gestational Age among Pregnant Women Attending Image Diagnostic Centre, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Bob-Manuel Ibinabo Fubara , Adheke Oghenefego Michael , Ekeanyanwu Lovelyn Onyinyechi 
Published: April 2023

Background: The obstetric management of a pregnancy depends on the knowledge of an accurate gestational age particularly in unregistered case.
Aim: The aim of the study is determine how accurately fetal kidney length (FKL) could estimate gestational age (GA) using ultrasonography.
Materials and Methods: The study involved 200 participants with 20 to 40 weeks pregnancies, referred to the Radiology Department of Image Diagnostic Center, Rumuola Port Harcourt for obstetric ultrasound scan, within a three-month period. The left and right fetal kidney lengths were measured and data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Linear regression equations were deduced.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the measurements of the right and left kidneys. There was a strong positive correlation between gestational age (GA) and right kidney length (RKL) (r = .998, p < 0.01) and left kidney length (LKL) (r = .998, p < 0.01). Regression formulae used for predicting GA using right and left FKL was 9.9494(RKL) + 0.3058, and 9.9404(LKL) + 0.3468, respectively.
Conclusion: FKL proved to be a reliable predictor of gestational age of pregnancies in the second and third trimesters.
Global Policy and Practice for Intrauterine Fetal Resuscitation During Fetal Surgery for Open Spina Bifida Repair
Authors: Gallagher Katie , Crombag Neeltje , Prashar Kavita , Deprest Jan , Ourselin Sebastien , David Anna L. , Marlow Neil 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceGlobally accepted recommendations suggest that a woman should be between 19 weeks and 25 weeks plus 6 days of pregnancy to be considered eligible for fetal closure of open spina bifida. A fetus requiring emergency delivery during surgery is therefore potentially considered viable and thus eligible for resuscitation. There is little evidence, however, to support how this scenario is addressed in clinical practice.ObjectiveTo explore current policy and practice for fetal resuscitation during fetal surgery for open spina bifida in centers undertaking fetal surgery.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAn online survey was designed to identify current policies and practices in place to support fetal surgery for open spina bifida, exploring experiences and management of emergency fetal delivery and fetal death during surgery. The survey was emailed to 47 fetal surgery centers in 11 countries where fetal spina bifida repair is currently performed. These centers were identified through the literature, the International Society for Prenatal Diagnosis center repository, and an internet search. Centers were contacted between January 15 and May 31, 2021. Individuals volunteered participation through choosing to complete the survey.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe survey comprised 33 questions of mixed multiple choice, option selection, and open-ended formats. Questions explored policy and practice supporting fetal and neonatal resuscitation during fetal surgery for open spina bifida.ResultsResponses were obtained from 28 of 47 centers (60%) in 11 countries. Twenty cases of fetal resuscitation during fetal surgery during the last 5 years were reported across 10 centers. Four cases of emergency delivery during fetal surgery after maternal and/or fetal complications during the last 5 years were reported across 3 centers. Fewer than half the 28 centers (n = 12 [43%]) had policies in place to support practice in the event of either imminent fetal death (during or after fetal surgery) or the need for emergency fetal delivery during fetal surgery. Twenty of 24 centers (83%) reported preoperative parental counseling on the potential need for fetal resuscitation prior to fetal surgery. The gestational age at which centers would attempt neonatal resuscitation after emergency delivery varied from 22 weeks and 0 days to more than 28 weeks.ConclusionsIn this global survey study of 28 fetal surgical centers, there was no standard practice about how fetal resuscitation or subsequent neonatal resuscitation was managed during open spina bifida repair. Further collaboration between professionals and parents is required to ensure sharing of information to support knowledge development in this area.
The International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis Survey: A US Patient Perspective on Diagnosis and Burden of Disease
Authors: Magrey Marina , Walsh Jessica A. , Flierl Sandra , Howard Richard A. , Calheiros Renato C. , Wei David , Khan Muhammad A. 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveAxial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that causes inflammation in the axial skeleton, resulting in structural damage and disability. We aimed to understand the effect of axSpA on work activity, day‐to‐day function, mental health, relationships, and quality of life and to examine barriers to early diagnosis.MethodsA 30‐minute quantitative US version of the International Map of Axial Spondyloarthritis survey was administered online to US patients aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of axSpA who were under the care of a health care provider from July 22 to November 10, 2021. This analysis describes demographics, clinical characteristics, journey to axSpA diagnosis, and disease burden.ResultsWe surveyed 228 US patients with axSpA. Patients had a mean diagnostic delay of 8.8 years, with a greater delay in women versus men (11.2 vs. 5.2 years), and 64.5% reported being misdiagnosed before receiving an axSpA diagnosis. Most patients (78.9%) had active disease (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index score ≥4), reported psychological distress (57.0%; General Health Questionnaire 12 score ≥3), and experienced a high degree of impairment (81.6%; Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society Health Index score ≥6). Overall, 47% of patients had a medium or high limitation in activities of daily living, and 46% were not employed at survey completion.ConclusionThe majority of US patients with axSpA had active disease, reported psychological distress, and reported impaired function. US patients experienced a substantial delay in time to diagnosis of axSpA that was twice as long in women versus men.
Se‐Induced Fibrous Nano Red P with Superior Conductivity for Sodium Batteries
Authors: Zhu Linqin , Xu Kangli , Fang Yanyan , Wu Xiaojun , Song Li , Zhu Yongchun , Qian Yitai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRed phosphorus shows great promise as a high‐capacity anode material for Na batteries. Such electrodes that suffered from the fracturing impact of volume change during cycling can be effectively improved by 1D nanomaterials. However, the synthesis of 1D red phosphorus has rarely been studied and employed in sodium batteries. Here, a simple selenium‐induced method to generate fibrous nano red phosphorus is presented. It turns out that a small amount of selenium can not only induce high‐quality fibrous nano red phosphorus from commercial red phosphorus, but also benefit qualitatively to the sodium ionic conductivity. Interestingly, the selenium dopant can also manipulate the chemical state of phosphorus leading to valence tunability which is able to tolerate structural stability under the Na‐rich or Na‐poor condition. As a result, the optimal fibrous nano red phosphorus used as anode outperforms over the traditional red phosphorus ≈6 and ≈10 times in terms of rate performance and cycle stability, respectively. Furthermore, as employed for sodium metal anode protection, the symmetrical cell cycling maintains long stable at a low polarization voltage for over 1000 h. The full cell performs excellent cycling stability of 1500 cycles at 3 C and high‐rate performance up to 30 C.
Copper‐Based Nanomaterials: A Rising Star in Cancer Therapy
Authors: Shao Shuxuan , Wu Wanfeng , Meng Fanxing , Duan Mengjiao , Zhang Minwei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs an essential trace element, Cu plays a vital role in cancer development, physiological metabolism, and other life processes. The rapid development of nanotechnology has greatly facilitated the development and application of Cu‐based nanomaterials (NMs). Originating from fascinating physicochemical properties and biological effects, Cu‐based NMs play an essential role in cancer diagnosis and therapy. In this paper, the preparation of Cu‐based NMs is discussed first. Then the key factors affecting the therapeutic effect of Cu‐based NMs on cancers are introduced. Next, the latest cancer therapy strategies for Cu‐based NMs are exemplified. Finally, the critical problems of Cu‐based NMs in cancer therapy and look forward to future applications are summarized.
Residual Strain Evolution Induced by Crystallization Kinetics During Anti‐Solvent Spin Coating in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskite
Authors: Sun Y. , Yao Q. , Xing W. , Jiang H. , Li Y. , Xiong W. , Zhu W. , Zheng Y. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid perovskite (OIHP) polycrystalline thin films are attractive due to their outstanding photoelectronic properties. The anti‐solvent spin coating method is the most widely used to synthesize these thin films, and the residual strain is inevitably originates and evolves during the process. However, this residual strain evolution induced by crystallization kinetics is still poorly understood. In this work, the in situ and ex situ synchrotron grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (GIWAXS) are utilized to characterize the evolution and distribution of the residual strain in the OIHP polycrystalline thin film during the anti‐solvent spin coating process. A mechanical model is established and the mechanism of the crystallization kinetics‐induced residual strain evolution process is discussed. This work reveals a comprehensive understanding of the residual strain evolution during the anti‐solvent spin coating process in the OIHP polycrystalline thin films and provides important guidelines for the residual strain‐related strain engineering, morphology control, and performance enhancement.
Targeting lncRNA DDIT4‐AS1 Sensitizes Triple Negative Breast Cancer to Chemotherapy via Suppressing of Autophagy
Authors: Jiang Ting , Zhu Jiaojiao , Jiang Shilong , Chen Zonglin , Xu Ping , Gong Rong , Zhong Changxin , Cheng Yueying , Sun Xinyuan , Yi Wenjun , Yang Jinming , Zhou Wenhu , Cheng Yan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, it is found that the lncRNA, DNA damage inducible transcript 4 antisense RNA1 (DDIT4‐AS1), is highly expressed in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and tissues due to H3K27 acetylation in the promoter region, and promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of TNBC cells via activating autophagy. Mechanistically, it is shown that DDIT4‐AS1 induces autophagy by stabilizing DDIT4 mRNA via recruiting the RNA binding protein AUF1 and promoting the interaction between DDIT4 mRNA and AUF1, thereby inhibiting mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, silencing of DDIT4‐AS1 enhances the sensitivity of TNBC cells to chemotherapeutic agents such as paclitaxel both in vitro and in vivo. Using a self‐activatable siRNA/drug core–shell nanoparticle system, which effectively deliver both DDIT4‐AS1 siRNA and paclitaxel to the tumor‐bearing mice, a significantly enhanced antitumor activity is achieved. Importantly, the codelivery nanoparticles exert a stronger antitumor effect on breast cancer patient‐derived organoids. These findings indicate that lncRNA DDIT4‐AS1‐mediated activation of autophagy promotes progression and chemoresistance of TNBC, and targeting of DDIT4‐AS1 may be exploited as a new therapeutic approach to enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy against TNBC.
Non‐Hermitian Topolectrical Circuit Sensor with High Sensitivity
Authors: Yuan Hao , Zhang Weixuan , Zhou Zilong , Wang Wenlong , Pan Naiqiao , Feng Yue , Sun Houjun , Zhang Xiangdong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractElectronic sensors play important roles in various applications, such as industry and environmental monitoring, biomedical sample ingredient analysis, wireless networks and so on. However, the sensitivity and robustness of current schemes are often limited by the low quality‐factors of resonators and fabrication disorders. Hence, exploring new mechanisms of the electronic sensor with a high‐level sensitivity and a strong robustness is of great significance. Here, a new way to design electronic sensors with superior performances based on exotic properties of non‐Hermitian topological physics is proposed. Owing to the extreme boundary‐sensitivity of non‐Hermitian topological zero modes, the frequency shift induced by boundary perturbations can show an exponential growth trend with respect to the size of non‐Hermitian topolectrical circuit sensors. Moreover, such an exponential growth sensitivity is also robust against disorders of circuit elements. Using designed non‐Hermitian topolectrical circuit sensors, the ultrasensitive identification of the distance, rotation angle, and liquid level is further experimentally verified with the designed capacitive devices. The proposed non‐Hermitian topolectrical circuit sensors can possess a wide range of applications in ultrasensitive environmental monitoring and show an exciting prospect for next‐generation sensing technologies.
In Situ Construction of Anode–Molecule Interface via Lone‐Pair Electrons in Trace Organic Molecules Additives to Achieve Stable Zinc Metal Anodes
Authors: Yu Huaming , Chen Dongping , Li Quanyu , Yan Chunshuang , Jiang Zihao , Zhou Liangjun , Wei Weifeng , Ma Jianmin , Ji Xiaobo , Chen Yuejiao , Chen Libao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe practical application of aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs) is significantly limited by the poor reversibility of the zinc anodes, including rampant dendrite growth and severe interfacial side‐reactions. Herein, trace hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) additive with a lone‐pair‐electron containing heterocycle is introduced for Zn metal anode protection. Specifically, the trace added HMTA can change the solvated structure by strong interaction with zinc ions, and preferentially absorb on the anode surface to in situ establish an unique anode–molecule interface. Such an interface not only shows strong affinity to promote the dynamic transmission and deposition of Zn2+ ions but also displays a role in suppressing parasitic reactions. Consequently, a zinc anode in an electrolyte with trace HMTA achieves a high Coulombic efficiency of 99.75%, and delivers a remarkable lifespan over 4000 h at 5 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2 in a Zn//Zn symmetric cell. Even under a deep plating/stripping condition (5 mA cm−2 and 5 mAh cm−2), it can still run almost for 600 h. Additionally, the Zn//V2O5 full cell with HMTA retains a high capacity retention of 61.7% after 4000 cycles at 5 A g−1. Such an innovative strategy is expected to be of immediate benefit to design low‐cost AZBs with ultra‐long lifespan.
Locus coeruleus pathology is associated with cerebral microangiopathy at autopsy
Authors: Freeze Whitney Marilyn , Van Veluw Susanne Janneke , Jansen Willemijn Josepha , Bennett David Alan , Jacobs Heidi Irma Louisa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe investigated the link between locus coeruleus (LC) pathology and cerebral microangiopathy in two large neuropathology datasets.METHODSWe included data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) database (n = 2197) and Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP; n = 1637). Generalized estimating equations and logistic regression were used to examine associations between LC hypopigmentation and presence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) or arteriolosclerosis, correcting for age at death, sex, cortical Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, ante mortem cognitive status, and presence of vascular and genetic risk factors.RESULTSLC hypopigmentation was associated with higher odds of overall CAA in the NACC dataset, leptomeningeal CAA in the ROSMAP dataset, and arteriolosclerosis in both datasets.DISCUSSIONLC pathology is associated with cerebral microangiopathy, independent of cortical AD pathology. LC degeneration could potentially contribute to the pathways relating vascular pathology to AD. Future studies of the LC–norepinephrine system on cerebrovascular health are warranted.Highlights
We associated locus coeruleus (LC) pathology and cerebral microangiopathy in two large autopsy datasets.
LC hypopigmentation was consistently related to arteriolosclerosis in both datasets.
LC hypopigmentation was related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) presence in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center dataset.
LC hypopigmentation was related to leptomeningeal CAA in the Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project dataset.
LC degeneration may play a role in the pathways relating vascular pathology to Alzheimer's disease.
Patterning of Superconducting Two‐Dimensional Electron Gases based on AlOx/KTaO3 (111) Interfaces
Authors: Witt Hugo , Mallik Srijani , Vicente‐Arche Luis Moreno , Ménard Gerbold , Saïz Guilhem , Stornaiuolo Daniela , D'Antuono Maria , Boventer Isabella , Bergeal Nicolas , Bibes Manuel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe versatility of properties displayed by two‐dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) at oxide interfaces has fostered intense research in hope of achieving exotic electromagnetic effects in confined systems. Of particular interest is the recently discovered superconducting state appearing in (111)‐oriented KTaO3 interfaces, with a critical temperature Tc≈2 K, almost 10 times higher than that of SrTiO3‐based 2DEGs. Just as in SrTiO3‐based 2DEGs, fabricating devices in this new system is a technical challenge due to the fragility of the 2DEG and the propensity of bulk KTaO3 to become conducting outside the devices upon adventitious oxygen vacancy doping. Here, three different techniques are presented for patterning Hall bars in AlOx/KTaO3 (111) heterostructures. The devices show superconducting transitions ranging from 1.3 to 1.78 K, with limited degradation from the unpatterned thin film, and enable an efficient tuning of the carrier density by electric field effect. The array of techniques allows for the definition of channels with a large range of dimensions for the design of various kinds of devices to explore the properties of this system down to the nanoscale.
Enriched environment ameliorates postsurgery sleep deprivation‐induced cognitive impairments through the AMPA receptor GluA1 subunit
Authors: Gao Jie , Zhao Lina , Li Dedong , Li Yun , Wang Haiyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs a common postsurgery complication, sleep deprivation (SD) can severely deteriorate the cognitive function of patients. Enriched environment (EE) exposure can increase children's cognitive ability, and whether EE exposure could be utilized to alleviate postsurgery SD‐induced cognitive impairments is investigated in this study.MethodsOpen inguinal hernia repair surgery without skin/muscle retraction was performed on Sprague‐Dawley male rats (9‐week‐old), which were further exposed to EE or standard environment (SE). Elevated plus maze (EPM), novel object recognition (NOR), object location memory (OLM), and Morris Water Maze assays were utilized to monitor cognitive functions. Cresyl violet acetate staining in the Cornusammonis 3 (CA3) region of rat hippocampus was used to detect neuron loss. The relative expression of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and synaptic glutamate receptor 1 (GluA1) subunits in the hippocampus were detected with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR), Western blots, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence.ResultsEE restored normal levels of time spent in the center, time in distal open arms, open/total arms ratio, and total distance traveled in the EPM test; EE restored normal levels of recognition index in the NOR and OLM test; EE restored normal levels of time in the target quadrant, escape latencies, and platform site crossings in the Morris Water Maze test. EE exposure decreased neuron loss in the CA3 region of the hippocampus with increased BDNF and phosphorylated (p)‐GluA1 (ser845) expression.ConclusionEE ameliorates postsurgery SD‐induced cognitive impairments, which may be mediated by the axis of BDNF/GluA1. EE exposure could be considered as an aid in promoting cognitive function in postsurgery SD.