bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing intraosseous computerized anaesthesia with inferior alveolar nerve block in the treatment of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gaudin Alexis , Clouet Roselyne , Boëffard Camille , Laham Amany , Martin Hamida , Amador Del Valle Gilles , Enkel Bénédicte , Prud'homme Tony 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to compare the cardiovascular effects [heart rate, oxygen saturation (SpO2), systolic and diastolic blood pressure] and the anaesthetic efficacy of intraosseous computerized anaesthesia (ICA) versus inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in Symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP).MethodologyThe study protocol was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03802305).In a randomized, prospective clinical trial, 72 mandibular molar teeth with SIP were randomly allocated to conventional IANB injection (n = 36) or ICA injection (n = 36), both with 1.8 mL of 4% articaine with 1:100 000 epinephrine. The primary objective was to assess the cardiovascular parameters (heart rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure) before, during and after the anaesthesia. The secondary objectives were to compare ICA with IANB for success and postoperative outcomes for up to 3 days.ResultsThe maximum increase in heart rate in the ICA group was greater than in the IANB. Other cardiovascular parameters did not show differences throughout the clinical procedure. There were no statistically significant differences (p > .05) between groups for sex, age, or anxiety. The total success rate of ICA (91.43%) was significantly higher (p = .0034) than that of IANB (69.44%).ConclusionsThis study establishes that ICA is safe and efficient in the first intention for the treatment of SIP of the mandibular molar.
Social media influencers: The formation and effects of affective factors during online interactions
Authors: Zhang Yixin , Mac Lancy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocial media influencers emerged as powerful sources in affecting and guiding consumers' purchase decisions through self‐generated content and online interactions with their followers. A large number of studies have so far focused on cognitive aspects such as perceived credibility, trustworthiness, and expertise of these influencers. This study aims to further advance the existing literature on social media influencer marketing from an affective perspective, with a focus on the emotional bonds generated by online interactions between the influencer and their followers. Based on the interpersonal process model of intimacy and theories in celebrity endorsement and social media influencer marketing, it examines the impact of self‐disclosure and perceived responsiveness on familiarity and intimacy, which, in turn, affect purchase decision. An online survey was conducted with 304 social media users in Mainland China who have followed social media influencers. The results highlight the formation of two affective factors, namely, familiarity and intimacy, via self‐disclosure and perceived responsiveness. Theoretically, this study provides a fresh perspective to better understand the endorser effect outside the regular set of cognitive factors. Marketing practitioners and companies can follow the suggestions of this study to select more effective social media influencers for their marketing campaign, and to build closer relationships with their target customers.
Dermoscopic predictors of melanoma in small diameter melanocytic lesions (mini‐melanoma): a retrospective multicentric study of 269 cases
Authors: Nazzaro Gianluca , Maronese Carlo A. , Casazza Giovanni , Giacalone Serena , Spigariolo Cristina B. , Roccuzzo Gabriele , Avallone Gianluca , Guida Stefania , Brancaccio Gabriella , Broganelli Paolo , Pellacani Giovanni , Farnetani Francesca , Passoni Emanuela , Lallas Aimilios , Argenziano Giuseppe , Marzano Angelo V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIncidence of cutaneous melanoma is steadily growing, and its early recognition is of paramount importance. Small, pigmented lesions often represent a challenge for the clinician, as predictors of melanoma have not yet been uniquely identified in this setting.ObjectivesTo identify dermoscopic features that aid in distinguishing small diameter melanomas (≤5 mm) from equivocal melanocytic nevi measuring ≤5 mm.MethodsA retrospective multicenter study was conducted to collect demographics, clinical and dermoscopic pictures of (i) histology‐proven flat melanomas, measuring ≤5 mm, (ii) histology‐proven but clinically/dermoscopically equivocal melanocytic nevi measuring ≤5 mm, and (iii) histology‐proven flat melanomas, measuring >5 mm. An independent dermoscopic evaluation was performed. Differences in predefined dermoscopic features were assessed across the three groups.ResultsA total of 103 melanomas measuring ≤5 mm were collected; 166 control lesions, comprising 85 large (>5 mm) melanomas and 81 dubious, clinically equivocal melanocytic nevi measuring ≤5 mm were included. Of the 103 mini‐melanomas, only 44 were melanoma in situ. Five dermoscopic predictors of melanoma were identified for the assessment of flat, non‐facial melanocytic lesions measuring ≤5 mm, namely: atypical pigment network, blue‐white veil, pseudopods, peripheral radial streaks, and presence of more than one color. The latter were combined into a predictive model capable of identifying melanoma with 65% sensitivity and 86.4% specificity, at a cut‐off score of 3. Among melanomas measuring ≤5 mm, presence of a blue‐white veil (P = 0.0027) or negative pigment network (P = 0.0063) was associated with invasiveness.ConclusionA set of five dermoscopic predictors of melanoma, atypical pigment network, blue‐white veil, pseudopods, peripheral radial streaks, and presence of more than one color is proposed for the assessment of flat, non‐facial melanocytic lesions measuring ≤5 mm.
Uric acid metabolism promotes apoptosis against Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus in silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Su Zhi‐hao , Lv Jun‐li , Ou Qi , Zhao Zi‐qin , Zheng Kai‐yi , Zhang Xiao‐ying , Lai Wen‐qing , Wang Xue‐yang , Deng Ming‐jie , Li Mu‐wang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe white epidermis of silkworms is due to the accumulation of uric acid crystals. Abnormal silkworm uric acid metabolism decreases uric acid production, leading to a transparent or translucent phenotype. The oily silkworm op50 is a mutant strain with a highly transparent epidermis derived from the p50 strain. It shows more susceptibility to Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection than the wild type; however, the underlying mechanism is unknown. This study analysed the changes in 34 metabolites in p50 and op50 at different times following BmNPV infection based on comparative metabolomics. The differential metabolites were mainly clustered in six metabolic pathways. Of these, the uric acid pathway was identified as critical for resistance in silkworms, as feeding with inosine significantly enhanced larval resistance compared to other metabolites and modulated other metabolic pathways. Additionally, the increased level of resistance to BmNPV in inosine‐fed silkworms was associated with the regulation of apoptosis, which is mediated by the reactive oxygen species produced during uric acid synthesis. Furthermore, feeding the industrial strain Jingsong (JS) with inosine significantly increased the level of larval resistance to BmNPV, indicating its potential application in controlling the virus in sericulture. These results lay the foundation for clarifying the resistance mechanism of silkworms to BmNPV and provide new strategies and methods for the biological control of pests.
Transmission of photosynthetically active radiation and the productivities of soybean and maize in agroforestry systems
Authors: Aragão Wesley F. D. X. , Zolin Cornélio A. , Behling Maurel , Pezzopane José R. M. , Ximenes Elen S. O. C. , Flumignan Danilton L. , Magalhães Ciro A. S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn integrated crop‐livestock‐forestry (ICLF) systems, an agroforestry model, the forestry component influences the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and alters grain productivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of systematic and selective thinning of eucalyptus stands on the productivity of soybean and maize grown. The randomized block‐designed experiment comprised three treatments, namely crops grown under full sunlight (CFS) and in ICLF plots subjected to systematic and selective thinning to leave single‐row (ICLFS) and triple‐row (ICLFT) tree configurations. Soybean and maize were planted in succession between the tree stands and PAR incidence/transmittance and crop productivities were evaluated in the north and south sun‐exposed faces of the plots during three cultivation cycles after thinning. In comparison with CFS, PAR transmittance in the ICLF systems decrease varied according to the time of day, period of the year, distance of the sampling position from the trees, the sun‐exposed area (north and south faces) and time after thinning. Soybean productivities in ICLFS were similar to those of CFS in the first and second crop cycles, but significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the third crop cycle. In the ICLFT system, soybean productivity was similar to that of CFS in the second crop cycle but significantly lower in the first and third crop cycles. With regard to the maize crop, productivities decreased in the order CSF > ICLFS > ICLFT in all cultivation cycles. Our results showed that PAR transmittance and soybean/maize productivities were positively influenced by thinning of eucalyptus stands, particularly in ICLFS system.
Correlation between structural characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of walstromite BaCa2M3O9 (M = Si, Ge) ceramics
Authors: Du Kang , Yin Changzhi , Zou Zhengyu , Cheng Mingfei , Cai Yiyang , Yang Jiaqing , Zhang Meng , Lu Wenzhong , Wang Shengxiang , Lei Wen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNovel BaCa2M3O9 (M = Si, Ge) microwave dielectric ceramics were prepared via solid‐state reaction with sintering at 1125°C–1275°C for 5 h. Single‐phase BaCa2M3O9 (M = Si, Ge) ceramics were obtained according to stoichiometry. The single‐phase BaCa2Ge3O9 ceramic was confirmed through Rietveld refinement and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy/selected area electron diffraction and synthesized for the first time. The BaCa2M3O9 (M = Si, Ge) exhibited a triclinic structure with a P space group and good microwave dielectric properties. The εr, Q × f, and τf values of BaCa2M3O9 (M = Si, Ge) ceramics are mostly dominated by the relative density, ionic polarizability, relative covalence, and bond energy of M–O bond, respectively. A high Q × f value (61 800 GHz at 16.3 GHz) was obtained in BaCa2Ge3O9 ceramic due to its high rc (Ge–O) and low intrinsic dielectric loss. The BaCa2Si3O9 ceramic exhibited small |τf| value (‒36.4 ppm/°C) due to its large ESi‐O. Excellent microwave dielectric properties (εr = 8.31, Q × f = 61 800 GHz, and τf = ‒58.7 ppm/°C) were obtained for the BaCa2Ge3O9 ceramic.
Effect of composite methods on the phase transition and microwave performances of ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8–TiO2 system
Authors: Huang Zipeng , Qiao Jianli , Li Lingxia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTri‐layer ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8–TiO2–ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8 and random distribution ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8@TiO2 ceramics with different mass fractions of TiO2 were initially synthesized. The effects of the laminated cofiring and the random distribution processes on the crystal structure and microwave dielectric properties of the composite ceramics were investigated. The advantages of the unique tri‐layer architecture were fully demonstrated. It not only allows the effects of the chemical reactions between ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8 and TiO2 can be effectively limited to a narrow region (∼20 μm in width) within the ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8/TiO2 interfaces, and acts as the “glues” to bond each layer well. The layers are well connected and the possibility of deterioration of Q× f values during the modification process can be greatly reduced. When compared with ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8@TiO2 ceramics with random distribution type, the tri‐layer design can produce a roughly 60% improvement in Q× f value with no noticeable loss in dielectric constant while maintaining temperature stability. After sintering at 1340°C for 6 h, ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8–TiO2–ZnZrNb1.99(Sn0.5W0.5)0.01O8 tri‐layer ceramics exhibited excellent dielectric properties (εr = 30.29, Q× f = 56,880 GHz, and τf = −5.73 ppm/°C) with 0.05 wt% TiO2, and the cooperative optimization of microwave dielectric properties was achieved. The current research provides a strategy for synthesizing microwave dielectric devices with high dielectric properties for applications in 5G network communications.
Efficient H2 production on CoSx/Zn0.3Cd0.7S heterojunction by selective oxidation of p‐chlorobenzyl alcohol in organic phase
Authors: Liu Jiafang , Su Bo , Li Li , Pan Lili , Ren Wei , Zheng Xiuzhen , Meng Sugang , Zhang Sujuan , Chen Shifu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDeveloping high‐efficient photocatalysts for H2 production is still the focus of current research. A series of CoSx/Zn0.3Cd0.7S (CoSx/ZCS) samples with different mass ratios were successfully synthesized for H2 production by the oxidation of p‐chlorobenzyl alcohol (Cl‐PhCH2OH). Herein, Zn0.3Cd0.7S (ZCS) solid‐solution nanoparticles are distributed on the surface of CoSx polyhedron, and CoSx is obtained from ZIF‐67, composed of Co1−xS and CoS2. The photocatalytic H2 production was performed by Cl‐PhCH2OH oxidation in N,N‐Dimethylformamide (DMF) solution under visible light irradiation, and 5% CoSx/ZCS sample showed the best photocatalytic activity, with the H2 generated rate high to 2.80 mmol g−1 h−1. Meanwhile, the selectivity of Cl‐PhCH2OH oxidation to p‐chlorobenzaldehyde (Cl‐PhCHO) is 97.6%, and the rate is 2.95 mmol g−1 h−1. Moreover, the reasons for the excellent photocatalytic performance of CoSx/ZCS samples were deeply analyzed by experimental and theoretical results, such as trapping agents, photoelectrochemistry test, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), specific surface area, and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. This work provides a new theoretical guidance and experimental experience for the application of H2 application and design of novel photocatalysts.
Exploring the impact of COVID‐19 on the psychological well‐being of oncology healthcare professionals
Authors: Appleton Lynda , Atkins Courtney , Watmough Sarah , Cherry Mary Gemma , Poole Helen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsTo explore how psychological well‐being is maintained by healthcare professionals (HCPs) employed in a cancer setting during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignA qualitative design using diaries and interviews to collect data was used to gain insights into how HCPs managed their well‐being during the pandemic.MethodsInterpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyse diaries and interviews completed by 66 HCPs during the second pandemic lockdown period (December 2020–April 2021). A total of 102 HCPs were recruited, drawn from five groups: nursing staff, radiographers, medical staff, allied health professionals (AHPs) (non‐radiographers) and support staff.ResultsThe majority of participants adjusted to the challenges of the pandemic using positive coping strategies, although difficult days required the mobilization of additional resources. Emotion management was regulated through peer relationships, professional roles and the workplace, sustained through communities of practice involving knowledge exchange, shared goals and social interactions. Maintaining high‐quality patient care was a source of job satisfaction, providing a route through which positive emotions could be channelled; however, it was juxtaposed with threats to well‐being from busy workloads and variable organizational responsiveness. Work routines provided a platform for well‐being, underpinned by the sharing of problems and solutions within peer networks.ConclusionThis study has highlighted the dynamic nature of well‐being amongst HCPs during the pandemic. Well‐being interventions should build on the preferred coping strategies of HCPs, focusing on the way individuals coalesce in groups to learn from and support one another.ImpactHCPs may experience different psychological responses when exposed to a pandemic situation. This study identifies the strategies used by HCPs to maintain positive psychological well‐being within professional roles, whilst adjusting to emerging well‐being threats. Key components of HCP's well‐being are addressed, which are relevant to clinical practice and the broader healthcare workforce.Patient or Public ContributionResearch team members included public representatives who contributed to the development, methods, data collection and analysis of the study. They supported the development of the Research Assistant by providing mock interview skills training.
Why do nurses seek employment in forensic mental health and what are their first impressions of the clinical environment? A mixed methods study
Authors: Kinghorn Grant , Thomas Stuart , Froggatt Terry , Halcomb Elizabeth 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to investigate why registered nurses seek forensic mental health employment and explore their initial impressions of this setting.DesignExplanatory sequential mixed methods.MethodsRegistered nurses employed in a forensic mental health hospital completed an online survey about their reasons for seeking work in forensic mental health and their transition into the setting. To fully explore findings, semi‐structured interviews were conducted with a sub‐group of survey respondents. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse survey data, and thematic analysis was used to analyse the interviews.ResultsSixty‐nine respondents completed the survey, and 11 interviews were conducted. Prior interest in forensic mental health and encouragement from hospital staff were considered important influences in seeking forensic mental health employment. New knowledge, changes in clinical responsibility, exposure to patients' background offences and security processes overwhelmed some participants initially. However, participants reported that the initial challenges of their transition revealed opportunities to develop genuine connections with patients.ConclusionThis study provides a new understanding of the reasons why nurses seek employment in forensic mental health and the challenges and opportunities experienced when first working in this setting. Such professional and personal elements need to be considered by organizations to strengthen recruitment strategies and support future nurses' transition into forensic mental health settings.ImpactThis study provides new knowledge about recruiting and supporting nurses' transition into forensic mental health employment. As such, it informs policymakers, clinical services and managers about strategies needed to attract and retain this workforce.Patient or Public contributionNo public or patient involvement.
Parenting confidence and social support as predictors of coping strategies in parents of children newly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Liu Shaofei , Deng Tao , Chen Miaoying , Ji Yan , Dai Yushen , Zhang Tao , Zhang Lifeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsThe aims of the study were to describe coping strategies in parents of children with autism spectrum disorder at the early stage of diagnosis and to examine the predictive effects of parenting confidence and social support on coping strategies.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional study.MethodsA convenience sample of 193 parents of children newly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder in Guangzhou, China, were included from October 2020 to January 2021. The Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Parenting Sense of Competence Scale and Social Support Rating Scale were employed for data collection. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses examined the relationship between coping strategies and the independent variables.ResultsThe mean positive coping strategies score was higher than the negative coping strategies score. Parenting efficacy, subjective support and support utilization predicted positive coping strategies, and parenting satisfaction was a protective factor against negative coping strategies.ConclusionParents tend to engage in positive coping at the early stage of diagnosis. Improving parenting confidence and social support might help parents adopt positive coping strategies and prevent negative coping.ImpactMore effective and long‐term support for families of children with autism spectrum disorder is expected. Interventions should be focused on enhancing parenting satisfaction and efficacy to employ positive coping strategies and decrease negative coping.Reporting MethodWe adhered to EQUATOR guidelines and reported results based on STROBE guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public involvement.
The effect of a 7‐day intensive Buddhist meditation on existential isolation, interpersonal isolation, and compassion among South Koreans
Authors: Park Young Chin , Pinel Elizabeth C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of an intensive Buddhist (Zen) meditation practice on reductions in existential isolation and increases in prosocial behavior. This study also examines whether the hypothesized reduction in existential isolation resulting from the intensive meditation practice predicts other‐focused compassion. Study 1 utilized a quasi‐experimental design to investigate the effects of meditation on existential isolation and other compassion by comparing healthy Koreans who completed a 7‐day intensive silent Zen meditation (n = 35) with those who completed a 7‐day vacation (n = 30). All participants completed measures twice: at baseline and after either their meditation retreat or their vacation. Study 2 used a longitudinal design to investigate whether Study 1 findings would replicate among 75 new TempleStay program participants. In Study 1, relative to participants in the vacation group, participants in the meditation group experienced reduced existential isolation and increased other‐focused compassion from Time 1 to Time 2. Reductions in existential isolation mediated the increases in other‐focused compassion. In Study 2, after a 1‐week intensive meditation training, participants experienced a reduction in existential isolation and an increased in other‐focused compassion; again, the reductions in existential isolation mediated increases in other‐focused compassion. Across two studies, we found evidence of reduced existential isolation and increased other‐focused compassion following an intensive Zen‐meditation practice. These results indicate that meditation practice may help people who suffer from existential isolation, as well as the people with whom they interact.