bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of life stress and the development of ruminative brooding in adolescence: A person-centered approach
Authors: Shaw Zoey A. , Handley Elizabeth D. , Warmingham Jennifer M. , Starr Lisa R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractResearch links life stressors, including acute, chronic, and early life stress, to the development of ruminative brooding. However, singular forms of life stress rarely occur in isolation, as adolescents typically encounter stressors that vary on important dimensions (e.g., types, timings, quantities) across development. The current study employs latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify natural clusters of life stress that, over time, may be differently associated with ruminative brooding. Evaluations of episodic, chronic, and early life stress were conducted with community-recruited mid-adolescents (N = 241, Mage = 15.90 years, 53% female) and their parents using the UCLA Life Stress Interview and lifetime adversity portions of the Youth Life Stress Interview. Analyses identified four distinct patterns: low stress, high peer stress, moderate home / family stress, and multifaceted / high school stress. Adolescents in the high peer stress and moderate home / family stress profiles were at highest risk for developing a brooding style over time. Despite high overall levels of stress, teens in the multifaceted / high school stress profile were at not at elevated risk for developing a brooding style. Findings demonstrate the utility of person-centered approaches to identify patterns of stress exposure that heighten risk for brooding over time.
It's all relative: The origins, legal character and normative content of the humanitarian principles
Authors: Sharpe Marina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnalyses of the humanitarian principles of humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence often focus on the principles’ meanings and/or the challenges of applying them in practice. This article, by contrast, steps back to address foundational but somewhat neglected questions about whether these principles can accurately be designated “the” humanitarian principles; about how they came to govern the whole humanitarian sector; about their legal character and normative content; and, more fundamentally, about whether the principles can even have objective character and content. It begins by defining “humanitarian principles” and determining whether and on what basis certain principles constitute “the” humanitarian principles. The article then traces the history of how the principles came to govern the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and diffused from there to non-governmental organizations and the United Nations system. It then analyzes the principles’ legal character and normative content for each of the above-mentioned categories of actor plus States, demonstrating that the principles do not – and, legally, cannot – have fixed legal character and normative content. While humanitarian actors share common understandings of the principles, legally the character and content of each principle flows from its source for the actor in question.
Geologic Structure of the Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars
Authors: Turner Madison , Lewis Kevin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMount Sharp is a 5 km high mound of lithified sediments in the center of Gale crater on Mars. The Curiosity rover has been traversing this field site since its arrival in 2012. Curiosity has revealed a complex depositional and diagenetic history at Mount Sharp, which has been hypothesized to include a stable fluvio‐lacustrine period responsible for sediment accumulation at the base of the mound. We study this history by examining the bedding geometries of exposed bedrock along the traverse. Prior to landing, orbital measurements suggested the stratigraphy typically ranges between 2 and 5° from horizontal and is always oriented radially outward from the center of the mound. Terrestrial lacustrine basins display horizontal to shallowly dipping beds oriented toward the center of the basin. We determine the structure of bedding planes at Mount Sharp with in situ Mastcam and Navcam stereo topographic data from the Curiosity rover on the resistant strata of the Vera Rubin ridge at 24 sites along the Curiosity traverse in addition to long baseline Mastcam stereo and orbital stereo techniques. From this integrated approach, we report a shallow dip (2–7°) to the northwest, away from the central sedimentary mound. This result suggests that layering observed from orbit represents true depositional strata, rather than diagenetic horizons, and are an accurate measure of geologic structure. Additionally, these measurements have major implications for quantifying the vertical extent of the stratigraphy through which Curiosity has traversed.
Quantifying Variability of Incipient‐Motion Thresholds in Gravel‐Bedded Rivers Using a Grain‐Scale Force‐Balance Model
Authors: Feehan Scott A. , McCoy Scott W. , Scheingross Joel S. , Gardner Michael H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPredicting thresholds of sediment motion is critical for a range of applications involving sediment transport. However, thresholds for sediment motion can vary over an order of magnitude for a single characteristic flow and bed configuration. Lacking simple ways to incorporate this variability, many assume thresholds are constant for rough, turbulent flow. Here, we quantify variability of incipient‐motion thresholds based on a commonly used grain‐scale force‐balance model, with model parameter distributions determined from published experiments. We show that variability in the threshold of motion within the 2D force‐balance model occurs predominantly due to variability in the lift coefficient and grain protrusion, and secondarily due to drag coefficient variability. For a known grain size, the mean threshold of motion, and variability about the mean, can be predicted from a family of power laws. These power laws can be altered with site‐specific parameter distributions, allowing for site‐specific application to well‐studied reaches and other planets. Using compiled flume and field data we show that constraining force‐balance parameter distributions with independent data results in narrower distributions of the predicted threshold of motion, consistent with constrained flume experiments. This analysis highlights that while the threshold of sediment motion is variable, the magnitude of variability is predictable within the force‐balance model based on site‐specific physical constraints of local flow and bed conditions.
ASCL2 induces an immune excluded microenvironment by activating cancer-associated fibroblasts in microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhang Dan , Ni Qi-Qi , Liang Qiao-Yan , He Li-Ling , Qiu Bo-Wen , Zhang Ling-Jie , Mou Ting-Yu , Le Chen-Chen , Huang Yuan , Li Ting-Ting , Wang Shu-Yang , Ding Yan-Qing , Jiao Hong-Li , Ye Ya-Ping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProficient mismatch repair or microsatellite stable (pMMR/MSS) colorectal cancers (CRCs) are vastly outnumbered by deficient mismatch repair or microsatellite instability-high (dMMR/MSI-H) tumors and lack a response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In this study, we reported two distinct expression patterns of ASCL2 in pMMR/MSS and dMMR/MSI-H CRCs. ASCL2 is overexpressed in pMMR/MSS CRCs and maintains a stemness phenotype, accompanied by a lower density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) than those in dMMR/MSI CRCs. In addition, coadministration of anti-PD-L1 antibodies facilitated T cell infiltration and provoked strong antitumor immunity and tumor regression in the MC38/shASCL2 mouse CRC model. Furthermore, overexpression of ASCL2 was associated with increased TGFB levels, which stimulate local Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) activation, inducing an immune-excluded microenvironment. Consistently, mice with deletion of Ascl2 specifically in the intestine (Villin-Cre+, Ascl2flox/flox, named Ascl2 CKO) revealed fewer activated CAFs and higher proportions of infiltrating CD8+ T cells; We further intercrossed Ascl2 CKO with ApcMin/+ model suggesting that Ascl2-deficient expression in intestinal represented an immune infiltrating environment associated with a good prognosis. Together, our findings indicated ASCL2 induces an immune excluded microenvironment by activating CAFs through transcriptionally activating TGFB, and targeting ASCL2 combined with ICIs could present a therapeutic opportunity for MSS CRCs.
Senescence program and its reprogramming in pancreatic premalignancy
Authors: Yang Kailing , Li Xiaojia , Xie Keping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTumor is a representative of cell immortalization, while senescence irreversibly arrests cell proliferation. Although tumorigenesis and senescence seem contrary to each other, they have similar mechanisms in many aspects. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is highly lethal disease, which occurs and progresses through a multi-step process. Senescence is prevalent in pancreatic premalignancy, as manifested by decreased cell proliferation and increased clearance of pre-malignant cells by immune system. However, the senescent microenvironment cooperates with multiple factors and significantly contributes to tumorigenesis. Evidently, PDA progression requires to evade the effects of cellular senescence. This review will focus on dual roles that senescence plays in PDA development and progression, the signaling effectors that critically regulate senescence in PDA, the identification and reactivation of molecular targets that control senescence program for the treatment of PDA.
Exome sequencing identifies breast cancer susceptibility genes and defines the contribution of coding variants to breast cancer risk
Authors: Wilcox Naomi , Dumont Martine , González-Neira Anna , Carvalho Sara , Joly Beauparlant Charles , Crotti Marco , Luccarini Craig , Soucy Penny , Dubois Stéphane , Nuñez-Torres Rocio , Pita Guillermo , Gardner Eugene J. , Dennis Joe , Alonso M. Rosario , Álvarez Nuria , Baynes Caroline , Collin-Deschesnes Annie Claude , Desjardins Sylvie , Becher Heiko , Behrens Sabine , Bolla Manjeet K. , Castelao Jose E. , Chang-Claude Jenny , Cornelissen Sten , Dörk Thilo , Engel Christoph , Gago-Dominguez Manuela , Guénel Pascal , Hadjisavvas Andreas , Hahnen Eric , Hartman Mikael , Herráez Belén ,   SGBCC Investigators, Tan Benita Kiat-Tee , Tan Veronique Kiak Mien , Tan Su-Ming , Lim Geok Hoon , Tan Ern Yu , Ho Peh Joo , Khng Alexis Jiaying , Jung Audrey , Keeman Renske , Kiechle Marion , Li Jingmei , Loizidou Maria A. , Lush Michael , Michailidou Kyriaki , Panayiotidis Mihalis I. , Sim Xueling , Teo Soo Hwang , Tyrer Jonathan P. , van der Kolk Lizet E. , Wahlström Cecilia , Wang Qin , Perry John R. B. , Benitez Javier , Schmidt Marjanka K. , Schmutzler Rita K. , Pharoah Paul D. P. , Droit Arnaud , Dunning Alison M. , Kvist Anders , Devilee Peter , Easton Douglas F. , Simard Jacques 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLinkage and candidate gene studies have identified several breast cancer susceptibility genes, but the overall contribution of coding variation to breast cancer is unclear. To evaluate the role of rare coding variants more comprehensively, we performed a meta-analysis across three large whole-exome sequencing datasets, containing 26,368 female cases and 217,673 female controls. Burden tests were performed for protein-truncating and rare missense variants in 15,616 and 18,601 genes, respectively. Associations between protein-truncating variants and breast cancer were identified for the following six genes at exome-wide significance (P < 2.5 × 10−6): the five known susceptibility genesATM,BRCA1,BRCA2,CHEK2andPALB2, together withMAP3K1. Associations were also observed forLZTR1,ATRIPandBARD1withP < 1 × 10−4. Associations between predicted deleterious rare missense or protein-truncating variants and breast cancer were additionally identified forCDKN2Aat exome-wide significance. The overall contribution of coding variants in genes beyond the previously known genes is estimated to be small.
A tool for rapid, automated characterization of population epigenomics in plants
Authors: Colicchio Jack M. , Amstutz Cynthia L. , Garcia Nelson , Prabhu Keerthana N. , Cairns Thomas M. , Akman Melis , Gottilla Thomas , Gollery Twyla , Stricklin Shawn L. , Bayer Travis S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEpigenetic variation in plant populations is an important factor in determining phenotype and adaptation to the environment. However, while advances have been made in the molecular and computational methods to analyze the methylation status of a given sample of DNA, tools to profile and compare the methylomes of multiple individual plants or groups of plants at high resolution and low cost are lacking. Here, we describe a computational approach and R package (sounDMR) that leverages the benefits of long read nanopore sequencing to enable robust identification of differential methylation from complex experimental designs, as well as assess the variability within treatment groups and identify individual plants of interest. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by profiling a population of Arabidopsis thaliana exposed to a demethylating agent and identify genomic regions of high epigenetic variability between individuals. Given the low cost of nanopore sequencing devices and the ease of sample preparation, these results show that high resolution epigenetic profiling of plant populations can be made more broadly accessible in plant breeding and biotechnology.
Aphid cluster recognition and detection in the wild using deep learning models
Authors: Zhang Tianxiao , Li Kaidong , Chen Xiangyu , Zhong Cuncong , Luo Bo , Grijalva Ivan , McCornack Brian , Flippo Daniel , Sharda Ajay , Wang Guanghui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAphid infestation poses a significant threat to crop production, rural communities, and global food security. While chemical pest control is crucial for maximizing yields, applying chemicals across entire fields is both environmentally unsustainable and costly. Hence, precise localization and management of aphids are essential for targeted pesticide application. The paper primarily focuses on using deep learning models for detecting aphid clusters. We propose a novel approach for estimating infection levels by detecting aphid clusters. To facilitate this research, we have captured a large-scale dataset from sorghum fields, manually selected 5447 images containing aphids, and annotated each individual aphid cluster within these images. To facilitate the use of machine learning models, we further process the images by cropping them into patches, resulting in a labeled dataset comprising 151,380 image patches. Then, we implemented and compared the performance of four state-of-the-art object detection models (VFNet, GFLV2, PAA, and ATSS) on the aphid dataset. Extensive experimental results show that all models yield stable similar performance in terms of average precision and recall. We then propose to merge close neighboring clusters and remove tiny clusters caused by cropping, and the performance is further boosted by around 17%. The study demonstrates the feasibility of automatically detecting and managing insects using machine learning models. The labeled dataset will be made openly available to the research community.
A novel machine learning approach for surface roughness quantification and optimization of cast-on-strap lead-antimony alloy via two-point correlation function
Authors: Basyoni Mohamed , Jiao Yang , Allam Nageh K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSurface roughness has a negative impact on the materials’ lifetime. It accelerates pitting corrosion, increases effective heat transfer, and increases the rate of effective charge loss. However, controlled surface roughness is desirable in many applications. The automotive lead-acid battery is very sensitive to such effects. In our case study, the cast-on-strap machine has the largest effect on the surface roughness of the lead-antimony alloy. In this regard, statistical correlation functions are commonly used as statistical morphological descriptors for heterogeneous correlation functions. Two-point correlation functions are fruitful tools to quantify the microstructure of two-phase material structures. Herein, we demonstrate the use of the two-point correlation function to quantify surface roughness and optimize lead-antimony poles and straps used in the lead-acid battery as a solution to reduce their electrochemical corrosion when used in highly corrosive media. However, we infer that this method can be used in surface roughness mapping in a wide range of applications, such as pipes submerged in seawater as well as laser cutting. The possibility of using information obtained from the two-point correlation function and applying the simulated annealing procedure to optimize the surface micro-irregularities is investigated. The results showed successful surface representation and optimization that agree with the initially proposed hypothesis.
Machine learning-enabled regional multi-hazards risk assessment considering social vulnerability
Authors: Zhang Tianjie , Wang Donglei , Lu Yang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe regional multi-hazards risk assessment poses difficulties due to data access challenges, and the potential interactions between multi-hazards and social vulnerability. For better natural hazards risk perception and preparedness, it is important to study the nature-hazards risk distribution in different areas, specifically a major priority in the areas of high hazards level and social vulnerability. We propose a multi-hazards risk assessment method which considers social vulnerability into the analyzing and utilize machine learning-enabled models to solve this issue. The proposed methodology integrates three aspects as follows: (1) characterization and mapping of multi-hazards (Flooding, Wildfires, and Seismic) using five machine learning methods including Naïve Bayes (NB), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), and K-Means (KM); (2) evaluation of social vulnerability with a composite index tailored for the case-study area and using machine learning models for classification; (3) risk-based quantification of spatial interaction mechanisms between multi-hazards and social vulnerability. The results indicate that RF model performs best in both hazard-related and social vulnerability datasets. The most cities at multi-hazards risk account for 34.12% of total studied cities (covering 20.80% land). Additionally, high multi-hazards level and socially vulnerable cities account for 15.88% (covering 4.92% land). This study generates a multi-hazards risk map which show a wide variety of spatial patterns and a corresponding understanding of where regional high hazards potential and vulnerable areas are. It emphasizes an urgent need to implement information-based prioritization when natural hazards coming, and effective policy measures for reducing natural-hazards risks in future.
Kompatible Blutkonserven bei Sichelzellkrankheit und multiplen
Alloantikörpern – ein Fallbericht
Authors: Lipovac Kristina , Lučić Josip , Loeser Evelyn Maria , Lucke Birgit , Burkhardt Jürgen , Wichmann Christian , Strasser Erwin , Humpe Andreas 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfasssungPatienten, die im Kontext einer Erythrozytenbildungsstörung wie
z. B. einer Sichelzellerkrankung chronisch
substitutionsbedürftig sind, haben ein erhöhtes Risiko einer
Alloimmunisierung, z. B. bei Patienten mit dem Genotyp Duffy null Fy(a-
b-). Im Falle der Bildung von Alloantikörpern ist die Versorgung der
Patienten mit kompatiblen Erythrozytenkonzentraten erschwert.
Anti-Fy-3-Antikörper können bei Personen mit dem Genoytp Duffy
null Fy(a-, b-) gebildet werden. Diese Antikörper können sowohl
Duffy A als auch Duffy B Antigene binden. Der Duffy-Null-Phänotyp, Fy
(a-b-), ist bei Kaukasiern sehr selten, kommt aber bei 68% der Patienten
mit afrikanischer Abstammung vor [1].Die von uns betreute Patientin ist afrikanischer Abstammung und weist genotypisch
das Allel FY*02 N.01 (Duffy null) auf. Im Rahmen einer
Sichelzellkrise und geplanten Bluttransfusionen fielen eine positive Kreuzprobe
sowie nachweisbare Alloantikörper (Verdacht auf Anti-M, Anti-Jk(b)) auf.
Der anti-M-Titer betrug 64 und der anti-Jk(b)-Titer betrug 32. Die
Genotypisierung ergab den Duffy-Null-Genotyp Fy*02 N.01 (SSP
inno-Train kits KKD SKP0121, MNS SMN1120, Rare ID SSP0620). Ferner zeigte sich
in der Genotypisierung, dass die Patientin M-negativ und Jk(b)-negativ war, was
die Diagnose von anti-M- und anti-Jk(b)-Antikörpern bestärkte.
Die Patientin erhielt eine Transfusion mit Antigen-kompatiblen
Erythrozytenkonzentraten. Der Hämoglobinwert stieg an und ihr klinischer
Zustand verbesserte sich deutlich. Anzeichen einer Hämolyse traten nicht
auf. Die ergänzende serologische Diagnostik bestätigte die
vermuteten Alloantikörper anti-M- und anti-Jk(b). Aufgrund dessen wurde
ein zusätzlicher anti-Fy-3-Antikörper vermutet.Dieser Fall zeigt die Bedeutung einer Genotypisierung ergänzend zu den
serologischen Befunden. Diese Information unterstützt bei häufig
transfundierten Patienten die Vermeidung einer Alloimmunisierung.
Does Brexit overcome the globalisation trilemma? How British business assess the trade relationship with the EU
Authors: Kröger Sandra , Dede Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAccording to Rodrick, there is a globalization paradox between democracy, national sovereignty, and economic integration where only two out of these three can ever be achieved. Brexit was presented by its defenders as a way of resolving the trilemma. This contribution uses a novel survey (n = 95) to examine how UK businesses assess the new Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the UK and the EU and which model of trade they prefer moving forward. The findings by and large confirm expectations. First, the large majority considered that Brexit has had a negative impact on their businesses, including Leave voters. Second, and as regards sovereignty, the majority of Leavers thought labour shortages are a price worth paying for being able to limit freedom of movement as well as preferred to decrease EU regulations in their business sector. Third, economic integration seems to weigh heavier than concerns about sovereignty. Those who consider that Brexit had a negative financial impact on their business, including Leavers, now prefer a closer future relationship between the EU and the UK.
First-principles property assessment of hybrid formate perovskites
Authors: Popoola Abduljelili , Ghosh P. S. , Kingsland Maggie , Kashikar Ravi , DeTellem D. , Xu Yixuan , Ma S. , Witanachchi S. , Lisenkov S. , Ponomareva I. 
Published: August 2023

Hybrid organic–inorganic formate perovskites, AB(HCOO)3, are a large family of compounds that exhibit a variety of phase transitions and diverse properties, such as (anti)ferroelectricity, ferroelasticity, (anti)ferromagnetism, and multiferroism. While many properties of these materials have already been characterized, we are not aware of any study that focuses on the comprehensive property assessment of a large number of formate perovskites. A comparison of the properties of materials within the family is challenging due to systematic errors attributed to different techniques or the lack of data. For example, complete piezoelectric, dielectric, and elastic tensors are not available. In this work, we utilize first-principles density functional theory based simulations to overcome these challenges and to report structural, mechanical, dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of 29 formate perovskites. We find that these materials exhibit elastic stiffness in the range 0.5–127.0 GPa; highly anisotropic linear compressibility, including zero and even negative values; dielectric constants in the range 0.1–102.1; highly anisotropic piezoelectric response with the longitudinal values in the range 1.18–21.12 pC/N; and spontaneous polarizations in the range 0.2–7.8 μC/cm2. Furthermore, we propose and computationally characterize a few formate perovskites that have not been reported yet.