bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic modeling of geological carbon storage in an oil reservoir, Bredasdorp Basin, South Africa
Authors: Afolayan Blessing , Mackay Eric , Opuwari Mimonitu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Geological carbon storage provides an efficient technology for the large-scale reduction of atmospheric carbon, and the drive for net-zero emissions may necessitate the future usage of oil reservoirs for CO2 projects, (without oil production), hence, dynamic modeling of an oil reservoir for CO2 storage in the Bredasdorp basin, South Africa, was therefore conducted. Injection into the reservoir was for 20 years (2030–2050), and 100 years (2050–2150) to study the CO2-brine-oil interactions, with sensitivities carried out on reservoir boundary conditions. The closed boundary scenario experienced pressure buildup with a target injection rate of 0.5 Mt/year, and a cutback on injection rate progressively until 2050 to not exceed the fracture pressure of the reservoir. The CO2 plume migration was not rapid due to the reduced volume of CO2 injected and the confining pressure. The system was gravity dominated, and gravity stability was not attained at the end of the simulation as fluid interfaces were not yet flat. The open boundary reservoir did not experience a pressure buildup because all boundaries were open, the target injection rate was achieved, and it was a viscous-dominated system. In both cases, the dissolution of CO2 in oil and brine was active, and there was a growing increase of CO2 fraction dissolved in water and oil, a decline in gaseous mobile CO2 phase between 2050 and 2150, and active trapping mechanisms were structural trapping, dissolution in oil and water, and residual trapping. The study showed that boundary condition was very crucial to the success of the project, with direct impacts on injection rate and pressure. This pioneer study has opened a vista on the injection of CO2, and CO2-brine-oil interactions, with sensitivities carried out on reservoir boundary conditions in a closed and an open hydrocarbon system in South Africa.
Unravelling key enzymatic steps in C-ring cleavage during angucyclines biosynthesis
Authors: Elsayed Somayah , Heul Helga van der , Xiao Xiansha , Nuutila Aleksi , Baars Laura , Wu Changsheng , Metsä-Ketelä Mikko , Wezel Gilles van 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Angucyclines are type II polyketide natural products, often characterized by unusual structural rearrangements through B- or C-ring cleavage of their tetracyclic backbone. While the enzymes involved in B-ring cleavage have been extensively studied, little is known of the enzymes leading to C-ring cleavage. Here, we unravel the function of the oxygenases involved in the biosynthesis of lugdunomycin, a highly rearranged C-ring cleaved angucycline derivative. Targeted deletion of the oxygenase genes, in combination with molecular networking and structural elucidation, showed that LugOI is essential for C12 oxidation and maintaining a keto group at C6 that is reduced by LugOII, resulting in a key intermediate towards C-ring cleavage. An epoxide group is then inserted by LugOIII, and stabilized by the novel enzyme LugOV for the subsequent cleavage. Thus, for the first time we describe the oxidative enzymatic steps that form the basis for a wide range of rearranged angucycline natural products.
Carboxyamidotriazole ameliorates inflammation in experimental allergic asthma by inhibiting the expression of phosphodiesterase 4
Authors: Li Peng , Sun Fangrui , Yu Jie , Ju Rui , Guo Hongjiang , Zhang Diya , Wu Meikui , Guo Lei , Wu Hongliang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
Carboxyamidotriazole (CAI) is a small molecular drug with anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, which can inhibit a variety of phosphodiesterases (PDEs) isolated from multiple tissue sources. The present study aims to explore the effect of CAI on allergic asthma of experimental mice model, and further verify the relation between CAI and specific PDE.
Methods
An in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated-rat alveolar macrophages NR8383 and an in vivo model of ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized mice were used to examine the anti-inflammation effect of CAI. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was measured by Forced Maneuvers Pulmonary Function Testing (BUXCO). Fixative lung tissue was stained to observe the airway remodelling and the mucous secretion. mRNA expression of PDE-4A/B/D were detected by RT-qPCR.
Key findings:
In rat alveolar macrophage NR8383, CAI significantly reduced the inflammation induced by LPS and restrained the expression of PDE-4B. In mice with allergic airway inflammation, CAI can effectively reduce airway hyperresponsiveness, inhibit inflammatory factor secretion, alleviate the accumulation of inflammatory cells and reduce the levels of IgE in plasma. Airway remodeling manifested by smooth muscle thickening, cell proliferation, pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion and inflammatory cells gathering around the airway in mice was significantly prevented by CAI. CAI effectively restrained the expression of PDE-4A, PDE-4B and PDE-4D in lung tissue.
Conclusion
CAI can inhibit inflammatory activities both in activated macrophages and allergic asthma animal models, which might be related to reduction the expression of PDE4.
A Method for Obtaining Low Luminescence Mutants of Col-LUC through Reverse Genetics in Arabidopsis
Authors: Miao Wei , Dai Jie , Zhang Li , Zhang Aqin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that using transgenic reporter systems to screen mutants is one of the effective methods to study DNA demethylation. Many genes involved in the regulation of DNA methylation have been uncovered through forward genetic screens. However, forward genetic screens not only have a long period, high cost, but also a large workload and low efficiency. In order to address these problems, based on reverse genetics, this study used CRISPR technology to knockout selected co-expressed genes, so as to quickly obtain low LUC (luciferase) luminescence mutants of Col-LUC line which harbors a LUC transgene driven by a 2×35S promoter in Arabidopsis and uncover new genes involved in DNA demethylation pathway. In this study, we selected the ROS1 (REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1) gene and RDM1 (RNA-DIRECTED DNA METHYLATION 1) gene as controls, with the co-expressed gene IDM3 (INCREASED DNA METHYLATION 3) of ROS1 as the target gene, and conducted gene knockout experiments in the Col-LUC line. The experiment results reveal that combining co-expressed gene list and CRISPR technology is feasible for obtaining low LUC luminescence mutants in the Col-LUC line. This study provides a new approach and solid basis for obtaining low luminescence mutants in the Col-LUC line through reverse genetics.
Retinal Artery Embolisation as a Rare Presentation of Calcific Aortic Stenosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Utt Rawan , Hamarsheh Islam , Hamad Umniyah , AbuEid Hadeel , Odeh Omar , Ayyad Alaa , Madi Hamad , Darwazah Ahmad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: Retinal artery embolism is a serious but uncommon complication of calcific aortic stenosis that is only reported in a few patients.Case presentation: This report discusses a case of acute central retinal artery occlusion due to calcified aortic valve disease in a 30-year-old man with an uneventful past medical history. A diagnosis was made following a sudden loss of left eye vision. Clinical examination, ECG, echocardiography, chest CT, and coronary catheterisation have all led to the diagnosis of a calcified aortic valve with a high degree of stenosis. The patient underwent emergent aortic valve replacement with an uneventful postoperative course and no further embolic occurrences.Conclusion: The association between cardiovascular diseases and retinal artery occlusion is well-known in the literature. Nonetheless, a limited number of articles have documented the association with calcified aortic stenosis. The present study describes a case of painless total loss of vision in the left eye, which occurred as an infrequent outcome of calcific aortic stenosis in a patient who was 30 years old. This presentation highlights the significance of conducting a comprehensive clinical history during the initial assessment, as accurate diagnosis and comprehension of ocular issues can mitigate the risk of severe systemic complications.
Evaluation of the efficacy of Tongdu Shujin Decoction combined with Adalimumab in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Guanghua , Wang Zihua , Fu Wen , Ren Bowen , Shi Dongliang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that typically affects the axial skeleton and entheses, and can lead to severe physical and psychological damage to patients. However, the current therapies have limitations.Methods and analysis Eighty-patients with AS will be recruited from the Rheumatology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of the Henan University of Chinese Medicine. The participants will be randomly divided into the treatment and control groups at a 1:1 ratio. Subsequently, all subjects in the treatment group will receive 40 mg adalimumab administered subcutaneously every two weeks for 12 weeks, while patients in the control group will receive an extra dose of Tongdu Shujin Decoction (TDSJ) each day. The primary outcome will be determined by the change in the Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) from baseline to 12 weeks. The secondary outcomes include changes of serum inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-17 (IL-17), Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), changes of anxious depression-related scales, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as well as changes of McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) in patients from baseline to 12 weeks.Ethics and dissemination The ethics committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine has approved the study on April 27, 2023 (2023HL-116-02). The Chinese national authorities issued approval on 15 May 2023. The outcome of the study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and at congresses.Trial registration number Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. ChiCTR2300071418. Registered on 15th May 2023. https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=196506
A New Method to Predict Postoperative Stem Anteversion in Total Hip Arthroplasty for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Authors: Hu Yuehao , Sun Ziyang , Zhang Jingwei , Zhu Zhenan , Yan Mengning , Mao Yuanqing , Li Huiwu , Yu Degang , Zhai Zanjing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Preoperative evaluation of femoral anteversion to predict postoperative stem anteversion aids the selection of an appropriate prosthesis and optimizes the combined anteversion in THA for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). The conventional prediction methods are based on the femoral anteversion measurement at the location of the femoral head and/or neck. However, varied differences between femoral anteversion and postoperative stem anteversion were demonstrated. This study investigated the predictive role of a new method based on the principle of sagittal three-point fixation.
Methods
A total of 133 DDH hips that underwent THA were retrospectively analyzed. There were 76 Crowe type I, 27 type II and 30 type III hips. The single-wedge stem was used in 49 hips, and the double-wedge stem was used in 84 hips. Preoperative native femoral anteversion at the femoral head-neck junction, anterior cortex anteversion at 2 levels of the lesser trochanter, posterior cortex anteversion at 5 levels of the femoral neck, and postoperative stem anteversion were measured using two-dimensional computed tomography. Predictive anteversion by the new method was calculated as the average anteversion formed by the anterior cortex at the lesser trochanter and the posterior cortex at the femoral neck.
Results
For hips with different neck heights, different Crowe types, different stem types, or different femoral anteversions, native femoral anteversion showed widely varied differences and correlations with stem anteversion, with differences ranging from − 1.27 ± 8.33° to -13.67 ± 9.47° and correlations ranging from 0.122 (P = 0.705, no correlation) to 0.813. Predictive anteversion formed by the anterior cortex at the lesser trochanter proximal base and posterior cortex 10 mm above the lesser trochanter proximal base showed no significant difference with stem anteversion, with less varied differences (0.33 ± 7.59° to 2.76 ± 7.02°) and good to excellent correlations (r = 0.672–0.858).
Conclusion
Adopting our new method, predictive anteversion, measured as the average anteversion of the anterior cortex at the lesser trochanter proximal base and posterior cortex 10 mm above the lesser trochanter proximal base, predicted postoperative stem anteversion more reliably than native femoral anteversion.
Development and optimization of an extruded aquafeed formulated with moringa flour as a partial substitute for sardine meal
Authors: Soto-Rodriguez Diana , Gómez-Aldapa Carlos Alberto , Díaz-Batalla Luis , Cadena-Ramírez Arturo , Cabrera-Canales Zaira Esmeralda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The growing demand for the utilization of fishmeal in aquafeed formulation has led researchers to search for new protein sources. For that, this study investigates the use of moringa flour as a sustainable protein source in extruded aquafeeds for Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia). Response surface methodology (RSM) was used proposing a central composite rotatable design (CCRD), where it was evaluated the effect of 4 factors (sardine and moringa flour concentration, temperature, and moisture processing) on the physicochemical characteristics of the aquafeed obtained such as expansion index (EI), bulk density, water solubility index (WSI), water absorption index (WAI), hardness, and buoyancy. Numerical optimization was carried out, obtaining 4 optimal diets to generate an aquafeed which were analyzed physicochemical and nutritionally. Moringa flour demonstrates high protein content (20.24%) and improved water solubility, enhancing the feed's digestibility. The optimal diets meet tilapia's protein and lipid requirements, showcasing the potential of moringa flour as an alternative to traditional protein sources, and highlighting the importance of extrusion optimization in the aquaculture industry.
Impact of a health coaching intervention on anthropometric indicators, physical activity, and life style of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Delavar Maryam Abdollahzade , Delavar Mouloud Agajani , Ghadimi Reza , Esmaeilzadeh Sedighe , Amiri Mania 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of health coaching on anthropometric indicators, physical activity, and life style of infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed on 78 infertile overweight/obese women with PCOS, aged 18-35 years, who were referred to an infertility clinic. The participants were randomly assigned to the coaching group or the control group receiving routine care. The coaching group participated in six coaching sessions (30-45 minutes), held by a midwife coach. The primary outcome of the study was BMI change before and after the intervention. The secondary outcomes were the waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, physical activity (based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ], and lifestyle (based on the Lifestyle Questionnaire (LSQ].
Results: Changes in BMI after the intervention were 1.7 kg/m2 and 1.5 kg/m2 in the coaching and control groups, respectively. No significant mean difference was observed between the two groups in terms of change in BMI from T0 (baseline) to T1 (four months post-intervention). A significant mean difference was found between the two groups regarding changes in the waist circumference (-2.13; 95% CI, -0.22 to -4.05; P=0.020), total physical activity excluding the sitting time (3025.22; 95% CI, 1088.68 to 4961.77; P=0.003), and total LSQ score (11.03; 95% CI, 3.34 to 18.72; P=0.006).
Conclusion: In the present study, the beneficial effects of a health coaching intervention on reducing the waist circumference, increasing physical activity, and improving lifestyle were highlighted in most PCOS women undergoing fertility treatments.
Risk Stratification for Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Mono-focal Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients with Encapsulated Tumor as Confirmed by Preoperative Ultrasound: a Multi-center Analysis
Authors: Heng Yu , Wang Zhenwei , Ji Yangyang , Cai Wei , Yang Zheyu , Wu Chunping , Tao Lei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purposes:
Mono-focal papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients with encapsulated tumor have traditionally been considered as low central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) risk subgroup. The aim of the research was to quantitatively predict the probability of CLNM for mono-focal PTC patients with encapsulated tumor as confirmed by preoperative ultrasound based on pre- and post-operative indexes respectively to guide the selection of prophylactic central lymph node dissection (CLND) and follow-up strategies.
Methods
A total of 1014 mono-focal PTC patients with encapsulated tumor as confirmed by preoperative ultrasound from three medical centers were retrospectively analyzed, with 534 patients served as Training group and 480 patients as Validation group.
Results
Multivariate analyses showed that age < 55 years old, male, clinical maximum tumor diameter (cMTD) > 0.5cm, pathological maximum tumor diameter (pMTD) > 0.5cm, and the presence of microscopic thyroid capsular invasion (mTCI) were independent CLNM risk factors. These were used to construct two nomograms that can effectively predict the central neck involvement in mono-focal PTC patients with encapsulated tumor. The first nomogram (pre-model) provides quantitative assessment on the necessity of prophylactic CLND, while the second nomogram (post-model) informs postoperative follow-up strategies.
Conclusions
Meticulous and comprehensive stratification flow charts that quantitatively evaluate the risk of central lymph node metastasis both pre- and post-operatively were constructed for mono-focal PTC patients with encapsulated tumor as confirmed by preoperative ultrasound, which may benefit both clinical decision-making of prophylactic CLND and postoperative follow-up strategies for the management of neck regions.
Clinical and molecular profile of 17 patients with DOCK8 deficiency: A single-centre experience from Southern India
Authors: Singh Neha , Janardhanan Jyothi , Ranganath Priya , Mohite Rachna S , Ginigeri Chetan , Kumar Harish , Bhattad Sagar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
DOCK8 deficiency is the most common cause of autosomal recessive Hyper IgE syndrome (AR-HIES). The clinical spectrum is wide resulting in combined immunodeficiency, atopy, autoimmunity, and malignancies.
Objectives
To study the clinical and molecular profile of 17 patients with DOCK8 deficiency.
Methods
Three hundred sixty patients with various Inborn errors of Immunity (IEIs) were diagnosed in the Pediatric Immunology Unit of our hospital during the study period of February 2017 to April 2023. Based on the clinical and immunological phenotype, DOCK8 deficiency was suspected in 21 patients. Genetic studies confirmed DOCK8 deficiency in 17 patients and their profile was analysed in detail.
Results
Seventeen patients from 14 kindreds were diagnosed with DOCK8 deficiency. Thirteen of these families (92%) reported consanguinity.
Our cohort had eight male and nine females. The mean age at onset of symptoms and diagnosis was seven months and 5.8 years respectively. Eczema was noted in 16 patients. Mucocutaneous manifestations included oromucosal hyperpigmentation(n=6), scalp seborrhoea(n=2), alopecia(n=1) and perianal tag(n=1). The spectrum of infections included pneumonia(n=11), diarrhea (n=5), otitis media (n=4), mucocutaneous candidiasis(n=3),meningoencephalitis(n=2), and cutaneous viral infections (n=3). Two patients had developed bronchiectasis. Autoimmune manifestations were noted in four patients and included autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (n=2) and vasculitis (n=2). Single exonic deletions(n=10) in DOCK8 gene were the most common mutations observed and 13 of these were novel. Twelve patients were on monthly intravenous immunoglobulin therapy at the time of writing this paper. Three patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplants elsewhere, two of whom succumbed to post-transplant complications and one is doing well. Overall, eight patients died during the study period, while nine patients continue to remain on follow-up.
Conclusion
We present one of the largest single-centre experiences on DOCK8 deficiency from India. A significant delay in the diagnosis contributed to poor outcome in our cohort.
Unlocking the Mystery of the Role of Vitamin D in Iron Deficiency Anemia in Antenatal Women: A Case Control Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in New Delhi
Authors: Hitesh Tanishq , Khatuja Ritu , Agrawal Poonam , Dhamnetiya Deepak , Jha Ravi Prakash 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Vitamin D deficiency and anemia are clinical conditions that coexist during pregnancy. High prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency ranging from 50–94% is seen throughout the country. The aim of the study was to discover the association between Vitamin D status and iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy. Improving the vitamin D status of pregnant women is crucial to prevent iron deficiency anemia and can improve maternal and fetal outcomes.
Methods
A case control study including 94 primigravida women of age within the age group 18 to 30 years, divided into two groups: a Case Group of 48 patients with already diagnosed iron deficiency anaemia (mild to moderate) and a Control Group of 46 antenatal women with normal haemoglobin levels. Data on sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and the levels of 25(OH) Vitamin D was estimated in both the groups. The association of 25(OH)D levels and anaemia was then determined using suitable statistical analysis.
Results
Among pregnant women affected with anemia, 75% of women had serum Vitamin D concentrations < 20ng/ml compared to 52.2% of women in the controls. Maternal serum vitamin D was significantly lower in pregnant women affected with anemia (p = 0.024). A positive correlation was found between hemoglobin and vitamin D levels in pregnant women (Pearson’s r = 0.200, p = 0.05).
Conclusions
These findings provide evidence suggesting that Vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency during pregnancy may be a risk factor for anemia and correction of Vitamin D levels can improve hemoglobin levels. Educational efforts should be made to include safe vitamin D intake in antenatal care.