bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Recent Violence Encounters With Suicidal Ideation Among Adolescents With Depression
Authors: Wang Jing , Harrer Shannon , Zwald Marissa L. , Leemis Ruth W. , Holland Kristin M. , Stone Deborah M. , McDavid Harrison Kathleen , Swedo Elizabeth A. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceSuicide prevention is an important component of depression management. Knowledge about depressed adolescents with increased risk for suicide can inform suicide prevention efforts.ObjectiveTo describe the risk of documented suicidal ideation within a year following a diagnosis of depression and to examine how the risk of documented suicidal ideation differed by recent violence encounter status among adolescents with new depression diagnoses.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRetrospective cohort study in clinical settings including outpatient facilities, emergency departments, and hospitals. Using IBM’s Explorys database containing electronic health records from 26 US health care networks, this study observed a cohort of adolescents with new depression diagnoses from 2017 to 2018 for up to 1 year. Data were analyzed from July 2020 to July 2021.ExposuresRecent violence encounter was defined by a diagnosis of child maltreatment (physical, sexual, or psychological abuse or neglect) or physical assault within 1 year before depression diagnosis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was diagnosis of suicidal ideation within 1 year following depression diagnosis. Multivariable adjusted risk ratios of suicidal ideation were calculated for overall recent violence encounters and for individual forms of violence.ResultsAmong a total of 24 047 adolescents with depression, 16 106 (67.0%) were female and 13 437 (55.9%) were White. A total of 378 had experienceda violence (hereafter, encounter group) and 23 669 had not (hereafter, nonencounter group). Following the diagnosis of depression, 104 adolescents with any past-year violence encounter (27.5%) documented suicidal ideation within 1 year. In contrast, 3185 adolescents in the nonencounter group (13.5%) experienced thoughts of suicide following the diagnosis of depression. In multivariable analyses, those with any violence encounter had 1.7 times (95% CI 1.4–2.0) higher risk of documented suicidal ideation compared with those in the nonencounter group (P &amp;lt; .001). Among different forms of violence, sexual abuse (risk ratio, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.6–2.8) and physical assault (risk ratio, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3–2.2) were associated with significantly increased risk of suicidal ideation.Conclusions and RelevanceAmong adolescents with depression, persons who experienced past-year violence encounters showed a higher rate of suicidal ideation than those who had not. These findings highlight the importance of identifying and accounting for past violence encounters when treating adolescents with depression to reduce risk of suicide. Public health approaches to prevent violence may help to avert morbidity associated with depression and suicidal ideation.
Time Trends and Variation in the Use of Active Surveillance for Management of Low-risk Prostate Cancer in the US
Authors: Cooperberg Matthew R. , Meeks William , Fang Raymond , Gaylis Franklin D. , Catalona William J. , Makarov Danil V. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceActive surveillance (AS) is endorsed by clinical guidelines as the preferred management strategy for low-risk prostate cancer, but its use in contemporary clinical practice remains incompletely defined.ObjectiveTo characterize trends over time and practice- and practitioner-level variation in the use of AS in a large, national disease registry.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort study included men with low-risk prostate cancer, defined as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) less than 10 ng/mL, Gleason grade group 1, and clinical stage T1c or T2a, newly diagnosed between January 1, 2014, and June 1, 2021. Patients were identified in the American Urological Association (AUA) Quality (AQUA) Registry, a large quality reporting registry including data from 1945 urology practitioners at 349 practices across 48 US states and territories, comprising more than 8.5 million unique patients. Data are collected automatically from electronic health record systems at participating practices.ExposuresExposures of interest included patient age, race, and PSA level, as well as urology practice and individual urology practitioners.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcome of interest was the use of AS as primary treatment. Treatment was determined through analysis of electronic health record structured and unstructured clinical data and determination of surveillance based on follow-up testing with at least 1 PSA level remaining greater than 1.0 ng/mL.ResultsA total of 20 809 patients in AQUA were diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer and had known primary treatment. The median age was 65 (IQR, 59-70) years; 31 (0.1%) were American Indian or Alaska Native; 148 (0.7%) were Asian or Pacific Islander; 1855 (8.9%) were Black; 8351 (40.1%) were White; 169 (0.8%) were of other race or ethnicity; and 10 255 (49.3%) were missing information on race or ethnicity. Rates of AS increased sharply and consistently from 26.5% in 2014 to 59.6% in 2021. However, use of AS varied from 4.0% to 78.0% at the urology practice level and from 0% to 100% at the practitioner level. On multivariable analysis, year of diagnosis was the variable most strongly associated with AS; age, race, and PSA value at diagnosis were all also associated with odds of surveillance.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study of AS rates in the AQUA Registry found that national, community-based rates of AS have increased but remain suboptimal, and wide variation persists across practices and practitioners. Continued progress on this critical quality indicator is essential to minimize overtreatment of low-risk prostate cancer and by extension to improve the benefit-to-harm ratio of national prostate cancer early detection efforts.
Factors Associated With Nasolacrimal Duct Probing Failure Among Children in the Intelligent Research in Sight Registry
Authors: Oke Isdin , Elze Tobias , Miller Joan W. , Lorch Alice C. , Hunter David G. , Elliott Alexandra T. ,   IRIS Registry Analytic Center Consortium, Pershing Suzann , Hyman Leslie , Haller Julia A. , Lee Aaron Y. , Lee Cecelia S. , Lum Flora , Miller Joan W. , Lorch Alice C. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceUnderstanding the factors associated with nasolacrimal duct probing failure in young children may help inform practice patterns.ObjectiveTo identify factors associated with repeated nasolacrimal duct probing in young children.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed data from the Intelligent Research in Sight (IRIS) Registry for all children who underwent nasolacrimal duct probing before 4 years of age between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2020.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to assess the cumulative incidence of a repeated procedure within 2 years of the initial procedure. Hazard ratios (HRs) derived from multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to evaluate the association between repeated probing and patient age, sex, race and ethnicity, geographic region, operative side, laterality of obstruction, type of initial procedure, and surgeon volume.ResultsThis study included 19 357 children (9823 [50.7%] male; mean [SD] age, 1.40 [0.74] years) undergoing nasolacrimal duct probing. The cumulative incidence of repeated nasolacrimal duct probing was 7.2% (95% CI, 6.8%-7.5%) within 2 years of the initial procedure. Among 1333 repeated procedures, the second procedure involved silicone intubation in 669 (50.2%) and balloon catheter dilation in 256 (19.2%). Among 12 008 children aged 1 year or younger, office-based simple probing was associated with a slightly higher probability of reoperation compared with facility-based simple probing (9.5% [95% CI, 8.2%-10.8%] vs 7.1% [95% CI, 6.5%-7.7%]; P &amp;lt; .001). In the multivariable model, a greater risk of repeated probing was associated with bilateral obstruction (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.32-1.65; P &amp;lt; .001) and office-based simple probing (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.13-1.55; P &amp;lt; .001), and a lower risk was associated with primary balloon catheter dilation (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56-0.85; P &amp;lt; .001) and procedures performed by high-volume surgeons (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.73-0.97; P = .02). Age, sex, race and ethnicity, geographic region, and operative side were not associated with reoperation risk in the multivariable model.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, most children in the IRIS Registry undergoing nasolacrimal duct probing before 4 years of age did not require any additional intervention. Factors associated with lower risk of reoperation include surgeon experience, probing performed under anesthesia, and primary balloon catheter dilation.
All‐Vacuum‐Processed Sb2(S,Se)3 Thin Film Photovoltaic Devices via Controllable Tuning Seed Orientation
Authors: Pan Xingyu , Pan Yanlin , Shen Luyan , Wang Lijun , Wang Rui , Weng Guoen , Jiang Jinchun , Hu Xiaobo , Chen Shaoqiang , Yang Pingxiong , Chu Junhao , Tao Jiahua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQuasi‐one‐dimensional antimony sulfoselenide (Sb2(S,Se)3) semiconductor is one of the most promising light‐harvesting materials owing to its simple phase and tunable absorption spectra. However, the oriented [Sb4(S,Se)6]n ribbons of Sb2(S,Se)3 thin films nearly horizontally stacked in parallel to the substrate severely hinders the transport of carriers, yet is critical to control the absorber orientation growth for high‐performance Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells. Herein, a new close spaced sublimated (CSS) CdS buffer layer with high crystallization is introduced for the development of all‐vacuum‐processed Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells that attempt to induce the orientation of Sb2(S,Se)3 absorbers to achieve effective carrier transport and reduce the adverse effects. The resulting Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells with CSS‐CdS buffer layers exhibit a prominent [221] orientation and better heterointerfaces as well as lower defect densities and longer capture lifetime compared to the commonly solar cells used chemically deposited CdS buffer layers, as a result of suppressed the non‐radiative recombination. The optimized solar cells, yield up to an efficiency of 7.12%, is the first for an all‐vacuum‐process for Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells.
Phage Display Screening as a Rational Approach to Design Additives for Selective Crystallization Control in Construction Systems
Authors: Madeja Benjamin , Wilke Patrick , Schreiner Eduard , Konradi Rupert , Scheck Johanna , Bizzozero Julien , Nicoleau Luc , Wagner Elisabeth , Rückel Markus , Cölfen Helmut , Kellermeier Matthias 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe design of additives showing strong and selective interactions with certain target surfaces is key to crystallization control in applied reactive multicomponent systems. While suitable chemical motifs can be found through semi‐empirical trial‐and‐error procedures, bioinspired selection techniques offer a more rationally driven approach and explore a much larger space of possible combinations in a single assay. Here, phage display screening is used to characterize the surfaces of crystalline gypsum, a mineral of broad relevance for construction applications. Based on next‐generation sequencing of phages enriched during the screening process, a triplet of amino acids, DYH, is identified as the main driver for adsorption on the mineral substrate. Furthermore, oligopeptides containing this motif prove to exert their influence in a strictly selective manner during the hydration of cement, where the sulfate reaction (initial setting) is strongly retarded while the silicate reaction (final hardening) remains unaffected. In the final step, these desired additive characteristics are successfully translated from the level of peptides to that of scalable synthetic copolymers. The approach described in this work demonstrates how modern biotechnological methods can be leveraged for the systematic development of efficient crystallization additives for materials science.
Electrostatic Epitaxy of Orientational Perovskites for Microlasers
Authors: Zhao Yuyan , Tian Shuangshuang , Feng Jiangang , Qiu Yuchen , Fan Xin , Yuan Meng , Zhao Yingjie , Gao Hanfei , Zhao Haibin , Jiang Lei , Wang Jun , Wu Yuchen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOrientational growth of single‐crystalline structures is pivotal in the semiconductor industry, which is achievable by epitaxy for producing thin films, heterostructures, quantum wells, and superlattices. Beyond silicon and III–V semiconductors, solution‐processible semiconductors, such as metal‐halide perovskites, are emerging for scalable and cost‐effective manufacture of optoelectronic devices, whereas the polycrystalline nature of fabricated structures restricts their application toward integrated devices. Here, electrostatic epitaxy, a process sustained by strong electrostatic interactions between self‐assembled surfactants (octanoate anions) and Pb2+, is developed to realize orientational growth of single‐crystalline CsPbBr3 microwires. Strong electrostatic interactions localized at the air–liquid interface not only support preferential nucleation for single crystallinity, but also select the crystal facet with the highest Pb2+ areal density for pure crystallographic orientation. Due to the epitaxy at the air–liquid interface, direct growth of oriented single‐crystalline microwires onto different substrates without the processes of lift‐off and transfer is realized. Photonic lasing emission, waveguide coupling, and on‐chip propagation of coherent light are demonstrated based on these single‐crystalline microwires. These findings open an avenue for on‐chip integration of single‐crystalline materials.
Efficient Inorganic Vapor‐Assisted Defects Passivation for Perovskite Solar Module
Authors: Zhang Kun , Wang Yang , Tao Mingquan , Guo Lutong , Yang Yongrui , Shao Jiangyang , Zhang Yanyan , Wang Fuyi , Song Yanlin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSurface trap as intrinsic defects‐mediated non‐radiative charge recombination is a major obstacle to achieving the reliable fabrication of high‐efficiency and large‐area perovskite photovoltaics. Here a CS2 vapor‐assisted passivation strategy is proposed for perovskite solar module, aiming to passivate the iodine vacancy and uncoordinated Pb2+ caused by ion migration. Significantly, this method can avoid the disadvantages of inhomogeneity film caused by spin‐coating‐assisted passivation and reconstruction of perovskite surface from solvent. The CS2 vapor passivated perovskite device presents a higher defect formation energy (0.54 eV) of iodine vacancy than the pristine (0.37 eV), while uncoordinated Pb2+ is bonded with CS2. The shallow level defect passivation of iodine vacancy and uncoordinated Pb2+ has obviously enhanced the device efficiencies (25.20% for 0.08 cm2 and 20.66% for 40.6 cm2) and the stability, exhibiting an average T80‐lifetime of 1040 h working at the maximum power point, and maintaining over 90% of initial efficiency after 2000 h at RH = 30% and 30 °C.
Restoration of Sinusoid Fenestrae Followed by Targeted Nanoassembly Delivery of an Anti‐Fibrotic Agent Improves Treatment Efficacy in Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Li Fenfen , Zhao Ying , Cheng Zhaoxia , Wang Yazhou , Yue Yale , Cheng Xiaoyu , Sun Jingyi , Atabakhshi‐Kashi Mona , Yao Jundong , Dou Jianping , Yu Jie , Zhang Xiuping , Qi Yingqiu , Li Xiaotian , Qi Xiaolong , Nie Guangjun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDuring the onset of liver fibrosis, capillarized liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) limit substance exchange between the blood and the Disse space, further accelerating hepatic stellate cell (HSCs) activation and fibrosis progression. Limited accessibility of therapeutics to the Disse space is often overlooked and remains a major bottleneck for HSCs‐targeted therapy in liver fibrosis. Here, an integrated systemic strategy for liver fibrosis treatment is reported, utilizing pretreatment with the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, riociguat, followed by insulin growth factor 2 receptor‐mediated targeted delivery of the anti‐fibrosis agent, JQ1, via peptide‐nanoparticles (IGNP‐JQ1). The riociguat reversed the liver sinusoid capillarization to maintain a relatively normal LSECs porosity, thus facilitating the transport of IGNP‐JQ1 through the liver sinusoid endothelium wall and enhancing the accumulation of IGNP‐JQ1 in the Disse space. IGNP‐JQ1 is then selectively taken up by activated HSCs, inhibiting their proliferation and decreasing collagen deposition in the liver. The combined strategy results in significant fibrosis resolution in carbon tetrachloride‐induced fibrotic mice as well as methionine‐choline‐deficient‐diet‐induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice. The work highlights the key role of LSECs in therapeutics transport through the liver sinusoid. The strategy of restoring LSECs fenestrae by riociguat represents a promising approach for liver fibrosis treatment.
An Artificial Chameleon Skin for Dynamic Thermoregulation
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Zhu Liqian , Gao Shuyuan , Liu Yuanyuan , Wang Shengjie , Xia Yongqing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSolar radiation is the major energy source for most living creatures, and some creatures change their skin colors responding to energy demands. Inspired by the chameleons that live in the desert of Namibia, which can regulate body temperature by changing skin colors between black and white, a patterned hydrogel film with self‐thermoregulation ability is reported in this work. The film consists of two parts: a light‐responsive black part and a stretchable white part. The black part is made of thermoresponsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel with polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles, and the white part is made of stretchable polyacrylamide hydrogel with polystyrene (PS) nanoparticles. At low temperature and low light irradiation, the black part dominates the film, and the embedded melanin‐like PDA nanoparticles adsorb light and convert it to heat, thus reaching an active body temperature. At high temperature and strong light irradiation, the black part shrinks, which in turn stretches the white part to dominate the film, and more light is reflected by guanine crystals‐like PS nanoparticles, thus protecting body temperature from rising. The combination of the thermoresponsive black hydrogel and stretchable white hydrogel provides an evolutionary novelty that can control the solar lights for dynamic thermoregulation.
Continuous Phase Change Materials for Power Generation from Daily Air Temperature Cycles
Authors: Suemori Kouji , Komatsu Yuichiro , Komazaki Yusuke , Uemura Sei , Fukuda Nobuko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPower generators that convert daily air temperature cycles to electricity should have both high power output and wide operating temperature range. Herein, a power generator combining a thermoelectric device and a mixture of various encapsulated alkanes that undergo continuous phase transitions induced by ambient temperature cycles is demonstrated. The operating temperature range of such a power generator can be extended by selecting appropriate alkane capsules to be incorporated into the device. A power generator with an operating temperature range of −0.2–37.2 °C is demonstrated; this operating temperature range is obtained when the temperature difference between the highest and lowest temperatures of the ambient temperature cycle is 14.2 °C, which is the equivalent environment in a Stevenson screen outdoors. The wide operating temperature range would permit power generation from daily temperature variations in many temperate and subtropical countries. The electric powers obtained by this power generator when placed in an indoor room and an outdoor Stevenson screen are 180 and 300 µW, respectively. Our temperature cycle‐based power generators pave the way for power sources that can generate electricity semi‐permanently in a broad range of environment.
Designing Fluorescent Covalent Organic Frameworks by Controlling Layer Spacing, Size of Aromatic Linker and Side Chains for Detection of Nitrofurazone
Authors: Kuang Lijuan , Wang Shiqi , Wan Haifei , Chen Lili , Wang Li , Song Yonghai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new imine‐linked covalent organic framework (COFDHA‐TAPB) with strong fluorescence is designed by using 2,5‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde (DHA) and 1,3,5‐tri(4‐aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) as monomers. The TAPB has a suitable aromatic skeleton in which slight distortion between phenyl groups reduces aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ). The hydroxyl group side chains of DHA form hydrogen bond with the imine bonds of COFDHA‐TAPB to restrict intramolecular rotations. Hydrogen bonds are also formed between different layers of COFDHA‐TAPB, which further restricts supramolecular rotation by narrowing the layer spacing. Moreover, the COFDHA‐TAPB exhibits a hollow sphere structure, which also reduces ACQ and intramolecular rotation. Therefore, COFDHA‐TAPB has a strong emission peak at 408 nm, which is used for nitrofurazone detection. The detection linear range is 0.33 µm–0.197 mm (0.066–39 µg mL−1), and the detection limit is 0.11 µm (0.022 µg mL−1). This work also provides an important guideline to design strongly fluorescent covalent organic framework by controlling layer spacing, aromatic linkers sizes and side chains of monomers for sensors.
Doppler Frequency‐Shift Information Processing in WOx‐Based Memristive Synapse for Auditory Motion Perception
Authors: Zeng Tao , Wang Zhongqiang , Lin Ya , Cheng YanKun , Shan Xuanyu , Tao Ye , Zhao Xiaoning , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAuditory motion perception is one crucial capability to decode and discriminate the spatiotemporal information for neuromorphic auditory systems. Doppler frequency‐shift feature and interaural time difference (ITD) are two fundamental cues of auditory information processing. In this work, the functions of azimuth detection and velocity detection, as the typical auditory motion perception, are demonstrated in a WOx‐based memristive synapse. The WOx memristor presents both the volatile mode (M1) and semi‐nonvolatile mode (M2), which are capable of implementing the high‐pass filtering and processing the spike trains with a relative timing and frequency shift. In particular, the Doppler frequency‐shift information processing for velocity detection is emulated in the WOx memristor based auditory system for the first time, which relies on a scheme of triplet spike‐timing‐dependent‐plasticity in the memristor. These results provide new opportunities for the mimicry of auditory motion perception and enable the auditory sensory system to be applied in future neuromorphic sensing.