bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of lncRNA and mRNA expression profiling in immature and mature DeZhou donkey (equine Taurus) testes
Authors: Yu Jie , Wang Zhaofei , Wang Fuwen , Yang Ge , Cheng Jie , Ji Chuanliang , Li Min , Liu Bing , Wang Yantao , Dang Ruihua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTesticular development and spermatogenesis are tightly regulated by the number of genes and noncoding genes, and mRNAs and lncRNAs play vital roles in regulating posttranscriptional gene expression. However, mRNAs and lncRNAs have not been systematically identified in the testes of donkeys. In this study, mRNA and lncRNA expression profiles in the testes of DeZhou donkeys between 2 months and 2 years of age were comprehensively analysed by RNA sequencing. We identified 56,605 lncRNAs and 61,857 mRNAs by gene expression analysis, and 21,845 lncRNAs (p < .05) and 14,109 mRNAs (p < .05) were differentially expressed in the immature (2‐month‐old, n = 3, noADGW) and mature (2‐year‐old, n = 3, ADGW) stages. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses revealed that the predicted target genes were enriched in the adherens junction, cell cycle, propanoate metabolism and cell adhesion molecule pathways. This study identified and analysed a comprehensive catalogue of lncRNAs and mRNAs in donkey testes, which provides a useful resource for further investigation of biological function in donkey lncRNAs.
Large‐time asymptotics to the focusing nonlocal modified Kortweg‐de Vries equation with step‐like boundary conditions
Authors: Xu Taiyang , Fan Engui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe investigate the large‐time asymptotics of solution for the Cauchy problem of the nonlinear focusing nonlocal modified Kortweg‐de Vries (MKdV) equation with step‐like initial data, that is, as , as , where A is an arbitrary positive real number. We first develop the direct scattering theory to establish the basic Riemann‐Hilbert (RH) problem associated with step‐like initial data. Thanks to the symmetries , of nonlocal MKdV equation, we investigate the asymptotics as and , respectively. Our main technique is to use the steepest descent analysis to deform the original matrix‐valued RH problem to corresponded regular RH problem, which could be explicitly solved. Finally, we obtain the different large‐time asymptotic behaviors of the solution of the Cauchy problem for focusing nonlocal MKdV equation in different space‐time sectors , , , and on the whole ‐plane.
Core cellular and tissue‐specific mechanisms enable desiccation tolerance in Craterostigma
Authors: VanBuren Robert , Wai Ching Man , Giarola Valentino , Župunski Milan , Pardo Jeremy , Kalinowski Michael , Grossmann Guido , Bartels Dorothea 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYResurrection plants can survive prolonged life without water (anhydrobiosis) in regions with seasonal drying. This desiccation tolerance requires the coordination of numerous cellular processes across space and time, and individual plant tissues face unique constraints related to their function. Here, we analyzed the complex, octoploid genome of the model resurrection plant Craterostigma (C. plantagineum), and surveyed spatial and temporal expression dynamics to identify genetic elements underlying desiccation tolerance. Homeologous genes within the Craterostigma genome have divergent expression profiles, suggesting the subgenomes contribute differently to desiccation tolerance traits. The Craterostigma genome contains almost 200 tandemly duplicated early light‐induced proteins, a hallmark trait of desiccation tolerance, with massive upregulation under water deficit. We identified a core network of desiccation‐responsive genes across all tissues, but observed almost entirely unique expression dynamics in each tissue during recovery. Roots and leaves have differential responses related to light and photoprotection, autophagy and nutrient transport, reflecting their divergent functions. Our findings highlight a universal set of likely ancestral desiccation tolerance mechanisms to protect cellular macromolecules under anhydrobiosis, with secondary adaptations related to tissue function.
Model-Based Estimation of Vehicle Center of Gravity Height and Load
Authors: Wittmer Kelvin , Sawodny Oliver , Henning Kay-Uwe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith an increasing number of driver assistance functions and the upcoming trend of autonomous driving, knowledge of the current state and changeable parameters of the vehicle becomes more and more important. One particularly significant parameter with regard to vehicle dynamics is the center of gravity (COG) height, which mainly accounts for its roll dynamics in combination with the mass of the vehicle. Thus, a highly increased vehicle mass and COG height might lead to rollover during cornering, which underlines the need for accurate knowledge of the load of the vehicle. Based on that, an improved rollover prevention could be implemented, for instance, by enhancing the electronic stability program (ESP) of the vehicle. Therefore, the main contribution of this work is the model-based online estimation of the additional load of the vehicle, comprising its COG position and mass. This is achieved by applying a joint extended Kalman Filter (EKF) for the simultaneous state and parameter estimation. Based on a nonlinear model with roll, pitch, and vertical dynamics, an accurate and reliable estimation is possible. One major novelty of this work is the consideration of air suspension systems on top of conventional steel spring suspension systems. Therefore, a nonlinear air spring model with sufficient complexity is proposed, making it suitable for real-time applications. Further, a system theoretical observability analysis allows for an online adaptation of the Kalman Filter weights in order to account for different driving situations. The proposed estimation method is tested and validated by considering a wide range of driving situations, considering distinct loading conditions on both a test track and public roads. The estimation accuracy lies within roughly 50 kg and 1.5 cm for the vehicle mass and COG height, respectively.
Numerical Simulation of Air-Core Surface Vortex at Critical Submergence for Dual Horizontal Intakes
Authors: Hashid M. , Eldho T. I. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Air-entrainment from surface vortex at critical submergence for hydraulic intakes adversely affects the withdrawal efficiency and intake performance. In this study, flow at the lateral dual square bottom intake placed in a row operating under uniform approach flow is numerically simulated. The dual intakes are subjected to perpendicular approach flow making the withdrawal condition more complex. The interface of the air–water phase is tracked using the volume of fluid (VOF) model, both coupled and decoupled with the level-set method with different spatial discretization methods for identifying the best interface interpolation. This study is focused on the development of a methodology for the determination of critical submergence for dual intakes numerically. Surface vortex causing air-entrainment at lateral dual intake was identified using three distinct approaches and a novel methodology involving the use of volume fraction study combined with a swirling-strength based vortex detection mechanism is proposed to compute the critical submergence for the safe operation of the intakes. Further, the effect of intake pipe blockage on the critical submergence is studied using differential intake protrusions and identified that a differential protrusion of the downstream intake can reduce the critical submergence with an enhanced withdrawal capacity of the upstream intake. The computed critical submergence is validated using experimental results on lateral dual intakes and found to be within ±10% error. The results of this study will be helpful to practicing engineers in the rational design of hydraulic intakes for various diversion projects.
Time Course Effects of Different Intensities of Running Exercise on Cognitive and Motor Performances in Individuals With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Affes Sana , Borji Rihab , Zarrouk Nidhal , Fendri Thouraya , Sahli Sonia , Rebai Haithem 
Published: February 2023

This study explored the acute effects of different running intensities on cognitive and motor performances in individuals with intellectual disability (ID). An ID group (age, M = 15.25 years, SD = 2.76) and a control group without ID (age, M = 15.11 years, SD = 1.54) performed visual simple and choice reaction times, auditory simple reaction time, and finger tapping tests before and after running at low or moderate intensity (30% and 60% of heart rate reserve [HRR], respectively). Visual simple reaction time values decreased (p < .001) after both intensities at all time points with higher (p = .007) extend after the 60% HRR intensity for both groups. After both intensities, the VCRT decreased (p < .001) in the ID group at all time points compared with preexercise (Pre-EX) while, in the control group, these values decreased (p < .001) only immediately (IM-EX) and after 10 min (Post-10) of exercise cessation. Compared withs Pre-EX, in the ID group, the auditory simple reaction time values decreased (p < .001) at all time points after the 30% HHR intensity whereas, after the 60% HRR, these values decreased only at IM-EX (p < .001), Post-10 (p = .001) and Post-20 (p < .001). In the control group, auditory simple reaction time values decreased (p = .002) only after the 30% HRR intensity at IM-EX. The finger tapping test increased at IM-EX (p < .001) and at Post-20 (p = .001) compared to Pre-EX in both groups only after the 30% HHR intensity and for the dominant hand. The effect of physical exercise on cognitive performances in individuals with ID seems to depend on the cognitive test type as well as the exercise intensity.
Competition Between Desired Competitive Result, Tolerable Homeostatic Disturbance, and Psychophysiological Interpretation Determines Pacing Strategy
Authors: Foster Carl , de Koning Jos J. , Hettinga Florentina J. , Barroso Renato , Boullosa Daniel , Casado Arturo , Cortis Cristina , Fusco Andrea , Gregorich Halle , Jaime Salvador , Jones Andrew M. , Malterer Katherine R. , Pettitt Robert , Porcari John P. , Pratt Cassie , Reinschmidt Patrick , Skiba Phillip , Splinter Annabel , St Clair Gibson Alan , St Mary Jacob , Thiel Christian , Uithoven Kate , van Tunen Joyce 
Published: February 2023

Scientific interest in pacing goes back >100 years. Contemporary interest, both as a feature of athletic competition and as a window into understanding fatigue, goes back >30 years. Pacing represents the pattern of energy use designed to produce a competitive result while managing fatigue of different origins. Pacing has been studied both against the clock and during head-to-head competition. Several models have been used to explain pacing, including the teleoanticipation model, the central governor model, the anticipatory-feedback-rating of perceived exertion model, the concept of a learned template, the affordance concept, the integrative governor theory, and as an explanation for “falling behind.” Early studies, mostly using time-trial exercise, focused on the need to manage homeostatic disturbance. More recent studies, based on head-to-head competition, have focused on an improved understanding of how psychophysiology, beyond the gestalt concept of rating of perceived exertion, can be understood as a mediator of pacing and as an explanation for falling behind. More recent approaches to pacing have focused on the elements of decision making during sport and have expanded the role of psychophysiological responses including sensory-discriminatory, affective-motivational, and cognitive-evaluative dimensions. These approaches have expanded the understanding of variations in pacing, particularly during head-to-head competition.
Ketamine decreased opiate use in US military combat operations from 2010 to 2019
Authors: Westcott Sally L , Wojahn A , Morrison T C , Leslie E 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundKetamine is a dissociative anaesthetic currently used in a variety of healthcare applications. Effects are dose dependent and cause escalating levels of euphoria, analgesia, dissociation and amnesia. Ketamine can be given via intravenous, intramuscular, nasal, oral and aerosolised routes. A 2012 memorandum and the 2014 Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) guidelines included ketamine as part of the ‘Triple Option’ for analgesia. This study investigated the effect of ketamine adoption by the US military TCCC guidelines on opioid use between 2010 and 2019.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of deidentified Department of Defense Trauma Registry data. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Naval Medical Center San Diego (NMCSD) and facilitated by a data sharing agreement between NMCSD and the Defense Health Agency. Patient encounters from all US military operations from January 2010 to December 2019 were queried. All administrations of any pain medications via any route were included.Results5965 patients with a total of 8607 pain medication administrations were included. Between 2010 and 2019, the yearly percentage of ketamine administrations rose from 14.2% to 52.6% (p<0.001). The percentage of opioid administrations decreased from 85.8% to 47.4% (p<0.001). Among the 4104 patients who received a single dose of pain medication, the mean Injury Severity Score for those who received ketamine was higher than for those who received an opioid (mean=13.1 vs 9.8, p<0.001).ConclusionMilitary opioid use declined as ketamine use increased over 10 years of combat. Ketamine is generally used first for more severely injured patients and has increasingly been employed by the US military as the primary analgesic for combat casualties.
Sex‐Related Differences in Clinical Outcomes After Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair
Authors: Yousef Sarah , Brown James A. , Aranda‐Michel Edgar , Serna‐Gallegos Derek , Wang Yisi , Ogami Takuya , Sultan Ibrahim 
Published: February 2023

Background
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) has been increasingly used for the treatment of descending thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections. This study sought to evaluate the influence of sex on outcomes after TEVAR.

Methods and Results

This was an observational study from the Nationwide Readmissions Database analyzing all patients who underwent TEVAR from 2010 to 2018. Sampling weights were used to generate national estimates.
International Classification of Diseases–Clinical Modification
codes were used to identify patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms or dissections who underwent TEVAR. Patients were dichotomized according to sex, and 1:1 propensity score matching was applied. Mixed model regression for in‐hospital mortality and weighted logistic regression with bootstrapping for 30‐day readmissions were performed. A supplemental analysis was performed according to pathology (aneurysm or dissection). A weighted total of 27 118 patients were identified. Propensity‐matching yielded 5026 risk‐adjusted pairs. Men were more likely to undergo TEVAR for type B aortic dissection, whereas women were more likely to undergo TEVAR for aneurysm. In‐hospital mortality was roughly 5% and was equivalent in the matched groups. Men were more likely to have paraplegia, acute kidney injury, and arrhythmias, while women were more likely to require transfusions after TEVAR. There were no significant differences in myocardial infarction, heart failure, respiratory failure, spinal cord ischemia, mesenteric ischemia, stroke, or 30‐day readmission between the matched groups. On regression analysis, sex was not an independent risk factor for in‐hospital mortality. Female sex was, however, significantly associated with a
decreased
odds of 30‐day readmission (odds ratio, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.87–0.92];
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Women are more likely to undergo TEVAR for aneurysms, while men are more likely to undergo TEVAR for type B aortic dissection. In‐hospital mortality after TEVAR is comparable among men and women irrespective of indication. Female sex is independently associated with a reduced odds of 30‐day readmission after TEVAR.
Contributions of Women to Cardiovascular Science Over Two Decades: Authorship, Leadership, and Mentorship
Authors: Blumer Vanessa , Zhbannikov Ilya Y. , Douglas Pamela S. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Women remain underrepresented in cardiology. We aimed to assess gender trends in research authorship, authorship in leading roles, mentorship, and research team diversity.

Methods and Results

We identified “cardiac and cardiovascular systems” journals from 2002 to 2020 using Journal Citation Reports 2019 (Web of Science, Clarivate Analytics). Gender authorship, mentorship, research team diversity, and trends were assessed. Associations between author gender and impact factor, journal region, and cardiology subspecialties were analyzed. Analysis of 396 549 research papers from 122 journals showed the percentage of women authors increased from 16.6% to 24.6% (
β
=0.38 [95% CI, 0.29–0.46];
P
<0.001), whereas the proportion of women first (
β
=−0.03 [95% CI, −0.06 to 0.004];
P
=0.09) or last authors (
β
=−0.017 [95% CI, −0.04 to 0.006];
P
=0.15) was unchanged. Compared with men last authors, women last authors were more likely to mentor women first authors and lead more diverse research teams (both
P
<0.001). Journal impact factor was related to percentage of women authors overall (Spearman's correlation coefficient R
S
=0.208 [95% CI, 0.02–0.38];
P
=0.03) but not first or last women authors (both
P>
0.5). Women comprised 18.4%–25.7% of authors in cardiology subspecialties. Journal region and author gender were unrelated (all
P>
0.4).

Conclusions
Women's inclusion as authors of cardiology papers increased slightly over the past 2 decades, yet the proportions of women in first and last authorship roles were unchanged. Women are increasingly likely to mentor women first authors and lead diverse research teams. Women last authors are essential to increasing diversity of future independent investigators and inclusive research teams, both of which are associated with innovation and excellence in science.
Third‐Trimester Maternal Serum Chemerin and Hypertension After Preeclampsia: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Yixuan , Wu Linlin , Liu Hangkuan , Li Ziping , Li Linjie , Wu Xiaoxia , Lei Qiong , Yin Aiqi , Tong Jianing , Liu Kan , Guan Xiaonian , Zeng Cuiping , Zhang Huafan , Wan Yanmei , Huang Xuna , Huang Pingping , Yang Qing , Zhou Xin , Niu Jianmin 
Published: February 2023

Background
Limited data are available for postpartum hypertension prediction after preeclampsia.

Methods and Results

We examined the association between maternal serum chemerin levels in patients with preeclampsia and blood pressure (BP) levels after delivery in a prospective birth cohort of 15 041 singleton pregnant women. A total of 310 cases among 322 patients with preeclampsia (follow‐up rate, 96.3%) were followed up during a mean 2.8 years after delivery. Compared with matched uncomplicated controls (n=310), serum chemerin measured at ≈35 gestational weeks was significantly increased in preeclampsia (171.8±49.2 versus 140.2±53.5 ng/mL;
P
<0.01) and positively correlated with the occurrence of postpartum hypertension, defined as either BP ≥130/80 mm Hg (per 1‐SD increase: odds ratio [OR], 4.01 [95% CI, 2.77–5.81]) or as BP ≥140/90 mm Hg (per 1‐SD increase: OR, 1.70 [95% CI, 1.28–2.25]) in patients with preeclampsia. The addition of chemerin levels improved the predictive performance of the clinical variable‐derived prediction models for postpartum hypertension (for BP ≥130/80 mm Hg: area under the curve, 0.903 [95% CI, 0.869–0.937], Δ area under the curve, 0.070,
P
<0.001; for BP ≥140/90 mm Hg: area under the curve, 0.852 [95% CI, 0.803–0.902], Δ area under the curve, 0.030,
P
=0.002). The decision curve analysis revealed a net benefit of the chemerin‐based prediction model for postpartum BP ≥130/80 mm Hg.

Conclusions
This study provides the first evidence supporting the independent predictive role of third‐trimester maternal chemerin levels for postpartum hypertension after preeclampsia. Future study is warranted for external validation of this finding.
Comparison of Stroke Care Costs in Urban and Nonurban Hospitals and Its Association With Outcomes in New Zealand: A Nationwide Economic Evaluation
Authors: Kim Joosup , Cadilhac Dominique A. , Thompson Stephanie , Gommans John , Davis Alan , Barber P. Alan , Fink John , Harwood Matire , Levack William , McNaughton Harry , Abernethy Virginia , Girvan Jacqueline , Feigin Valery , Denison Hayley , Corbin Marine , Wilson Andrew , Douwes Jeroen , Ranta Anna 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Although geographical differences in treatment and outcomes after stroke have been described, we lack evidence on differences in the costs of treatment between urban and nonurban regions. Additionally, it is unclear whether greater costs in one setting are justified given the outcomes achieved. We aimed to compare costs and quality-adjusted life years in people with stroke admitted to urban and nonurban hospitals in New Zealand.

Methods:
Observational study of patients with stroke admitted to the 28 New Zealand acute stroke hospitals (10 in urban areas) recruited between May and October 2018. Data were collected up to 12 months poststroke including treatments in hospital, inpatient rehabilitation, other health service utilization, aged residential care, productivity, and health-related quality of life. Costs in New Zealand dollars were estimated from a societal perspective and assigned to the initial hospital that patients presented to. Unit prices for 2018 were obtained from government and hospital sources. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted when assessing differences between groups.

Results:

Of 1510 patients (median age 78 years, 48% female), 607 presented to nonurban and 903 to urban hospitals. Mean hospital costs were greater in urban than nonurban hospitals ($13 191 versus $11 635,
P
=0.002), as were total costs to 12 months ($22 381 versus $17 217,
P
<0.001) and quality-adjusted life years to 12 months (0.54 versus 0.46,
P
<0.001). Differences in costs and quality-adjusted life years remained between groups after adjustment. Depending on the covariates included, costs per additional quality-adjusted life year in the urban hospitals compared to the nonurban hospitals ranged from $65 038 (unadjusted) to $136 125 (covariates: age, sex, prestroke disability, stroke type, severity, and ethnicity).

Conclusions:
Better outcomes following initial presentation to urban hospitals were associated with greater costs compared to nonurban hospitals. These findings may inform greater targeted expenditure in some nonurban hospitals to improve access to treatment and optimize outcomes.