bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Motivating and demotivating factors for Chinese as a foreign language learners in a British CLIL program
Authors: Zheng Ying , Lu Yanbin , Li Jia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigates Mandarin Chinese learners’ motivation in a Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) program in a British secondary school from the perspective of learning environment, learner engagement, and learner identities. Fifteen pupils who are learning Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) have been interviewed individually or in a focus group. The results indicate that the context of L2 learning and pupils’ learning experience contribute to their sustained motivation. More specifically, the nature of the CLIL subjects, teachers and their teaching methods, peers, tasks, and examinations all play an important role in motivating or demotivating students. Pedagogical implications have been discussed with suggestions for maintaining students’ motivation in CLIL programs. This article fills the gap in the field of motivational study by bridging the learning of CFL and the CLIL context.
Addressing chemical pollution in biodiversity research
Authors: Sigmund Gabriel , Ågerstrand Marlene , Antonelli Alexandre , Backhaus Thomas , Brodin Tomas , Diamond Miriam L. , Erdelen Walter R. , Evers David C. , Hofmann Thilo , Hueffer Thorsten , Lai Adelene , Torres Joao P. M. , Mueller Leonie , Perrigo Allison L. , Rillig Matthias C. , Schaeffer Andreas , Scheringer Martin , Schirmer Kristin , Tlili Ahmed , Soehl Anna , Triebskorn Rita , Vlahos Penny , vom Berg Colette , Wang Zhanyun , Groh Ksenia J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClimate change, biodiversity loss, and chemical pollution are planetary‐scale emergencies requiring urgent mitigation actions. As these “triple crises” are deeply interlinked, they need to be tackled in an integrative manner. However, while climate change and biodiversity are often studied together, chemical pollution as a global change factor contributing to worldwide biodiversity loss has received much less attention in biodiversity research so far. Here, we review evidence showing that the multifaceted effects of anthropogenic chemicals in the environment are posing a growing threat to biodiversity and ecosystems. Therefore, failure to account for pollution effects may significantly undermine the success of biodiversity protection efforts. We argue that progress in understanding and counteracting the negative impact of chemical pollution on biodiversity requires collective efforts of scientists from different disciplines, including but not limited to ecology, ecotoxicology, and environmental chemistry. Importantly, recent developments in these fields have now enabled comprehensive studies that could efficiently address the manifold interactions between chemicals and ecosystems. Based on their experience with intricate studies of biodiversity, ecologists are well equipped to embrace the additional challenge of chemical complexity through interdisciplinary collaborations. This offers a unique opportunity to jointly advance a seminal frontier in pollution ecology and facilitate the development of innovative solutions for environmental protection.
Sex differences in migraine attack characteristics: A longitudinal E‐diary study
Authors: Verhagen Iris E. , van der Arend Britt W. H. , van Casteren Daphne S. , le Cessie Saskia , MaassenVanDenBrink Antoinette , Terwindt Gisela M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn this prospective cohort study, characteristics of perimenstrual and non‐perimenstrual migraine attacks in women were compared with migraine attacks in men.BackgroundWomen report longer migraine attacks and more accompanying symptoms than men in cross‐sectional questionnaire studies, but this has not been confirmed in longitudinal studies. Supposed differences could result from different characteristics specific to perimenstrual migraine attacks, or of attacks in women in general.MethodsThis cohort study was performed among patients with migraine who were treated at the Leiden Headache Clinic. We assessed differences in migraine attack characteristics between men and women who were prospectively followed by a previously validated electronic headache diary. The primary outcome was “attack” duration. Differences between perimenstrual (Days −2 to +3 of the menstrual cycle) and non‐perimenstrual attacks in women versus attacks in men were corrected for age, chronic migraine, and medication overuse headache.ResultsA total of 1347 women and 284 men were included, reflecting the preponderance of women in migraine prevalence. Crude median (first and third quartile [Q1−Q3]) attack duration in men was 32.1 [17.7–53.6] h, compared to 36.7 [21.9–62.4] h for non‐perimenstrual migraine attacks and 44.4 [17.9–79.0] h for perimenstrual migraine attacks in women. After correction for confounding, perimenstrual migraine attacks were 1.62 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.47–1.79; p < 0.001) and non‐perimenstrual 1.15 (95% CI 1.05–1.25; p = 0.003) times longer compared to migraine attacks in men. The mean relapse percentage in men was 9.2%, compared to 12.6% for non‐perimenstrual migraine attacks, and 15.7% for perimenstrual migraine attacks. Relapse risk was greater for perimenstrual (odds ratio [OR] 2.39, 95% CI 1.93–2.95; p < 0.001), but not for non‐perimenstrual (OR 1.18, 95% CI 0.97–1.45; p = 0.060) attacks. Migraine attacks in women were more often accompanied by photophobia, phonophobia, and nausea, but less often aura.ConclusionCompared to attacks in men, both perimenstrual and non‐perimenstrual migraine attacks are of longer duration and are more often accompanied by associated symptoms. A sex‐specific approach to migraine treatment and research is needed.
YouTube as a source of information on Helicobacter pylori: Content and quality analysis
Authors: Ergenç Muhammer , Uprak Tevfik K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori infection is the most common cause of infectious diseases worldwide, and management is a current and vital problem for physicians and patients. One of the online platforms that people use most to access health information is YouTube. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the quality and reliability of H. pylori information videos on YouTube.Materials and MethodsThe “Helicobacter pylori” keyword was searched with default filters on YouTube. Two hundred videos were evaluated. The source of videos was categorized as academic institutions, professional organizations, physicians, healthcare professionals other than physicians, health information websites, and independent users. The target audience of the videos was classified as patients and healthcare professionals. The Global Quality Scale (GQS), JAMA, and modified DISCERN video scores were obtained by taking the average of the scores given by the two authors.ResultsSeventy‐four videos were analyzed, and the median duration was 9.25 (range: 1.14–121) min. The target audience of 43 (58.1%) videos was healthcare professionals, and 31 (41.9%) videos were for patients. There was no correlation between likes, dislikes, views, and the quality‐usefulness of the videos. Video characteristics such as duration, likes, number of views, and time since video upload day were not associated with the source. The JAMA and DISCERN scores were significantly higher in academic institutions than in other sources. Health information websites had a significantly higher GQS score than other video sources (p = .01). In comparison, there was no significant difference between the target audience (patients and healthcare professionals) in terms of JAMA, modified DISCERN, and GQS scores.ConclusionsYouTube has numerous videos for healthcare information nowadays. Although the quality and reliability of YouTube videos on H. pylori are average according to common scoring systems, we recommend videos produced by academic institutions and health information websites to inform patients.
Development of the Engage with Impact Toolkit: A comprehensive resource to support the evaluation of patient, family and caregiver engagement in health systems
Authors: Abelson Julia , Tripp Laura , MacNeil Maggie , Lang Amy , Fancott Carol , Ganann Rebecca , Granieri Marisa , Hofstetter Cathie , King Bernice , Kristy Betty‐Lou , Maybee Alies , Smith Maureen , You Jeonghwa ,   The Evaluating Patient Engagement Working Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionRecent shifts in the patient, family and caregiver engagement field have focused greater attention on measurement and evaluation, including the impacts of engagement efforts. Current evaluation tools offer limited support to organizations seeking to reorient their efforts in this way. We addressed this gap through the development of an impact measurement framework and accompanying evaluation toolkit—the Engage with Impact Toolkit.MethodsThe measurement framework and toolkit were co‐designed with the Evaluating Patient Engagement Working Group, a multidisciplinary group of patient, family and caregiver partners, engagement specialists, researchers and government personnel. Project activities occurred over four phases: (1) project scoping and literature review; (2) modified concept mapping; (3) working group deliberations and (4) toolkit web design.ResultsThe project scope was to develop a measurement framework and an evaluation toolkit for patient engagement in health systems that were practical, accessible, menu‐driven and aligned with current system priorities. Concept mapping yielded 237 impact statements that were sorted, discussed and combined into 81 unique items. A shorter list of 50 items (rated 8.0 or higher out of 10) was further consolidated to generate a final list of 35 items mapped across 8 conceptual domains of impact: (1) knowledge and skills; (2) confidence and trust; (3) equity and inclusivity; (4) priorities and decisions; (5) effectiveness and efficiency; (6) patient‐centredness; (7) culture change and (8) patient outcomes and experience. Working Group members rated the final list for importance (1–5) and identified a core set of 33 items (one for each of the 8 domains and 25 supplementary items). Two domains (priorities and decisions; and culture change) yielded the highest overall importance ratings (4.8). A web‐based toolkit (www.evaluateengagement.ca) hosts the measurement framework and related evaluation supports.ConclusionThe Engage with Impact Toolkit builds on existing engagement evaluation tools but brings a more explicit focus to supporting organizations to assess the impacts of their engagement work.Patient ContributionPatient, family and caregiver partners led the early conceptualization of this work and were involved at all stages and in all aspects of the work. As end‐users of the toolkit, their perspectives, knowledge and opinions were critical.
ESE position statement on root resorption
Authors: Patel Shanon , Krastl Gabriel , Weiger Roland , Lambrechts Paul , Tjäderhane Leo , Gambarini Gianluca , Teng Peng‐Hui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis Position Statement on root resorption represents the consensus of an expert committee convened by the European Society of Endodontology (ESE). The statement is based on current clinical and scientific evidence as well as the expertise of the committee. The aim is to provide clinicians with authoritative information on the aetiology, histopathology, clinical presentation and recommendations for the management of root resorption. It is the intention of the committee to update this position statement at appropriate intervals as further evidence emerges.
Risk of de‐novo formation of chlormequat and mepiquat in industrial cocoa products assessed by ion chromatography coupled with high‐resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Nardin Tiziana , Savastano Riccardo , Franceschini Jakob , Abballe Franco , Larcher Roberto 
Published: March 2023

SummaryMepiquat (MQ) and chlormequat (CQ) are two main food contaminants that could be naturally present in various animal and plant foods due to heat treatments. Cocoa and its derivative products seem to be a matrix inclined, for both chemical characteristics and production technologies, to the formation of MQ and CQ. In this study, exploiting the selectivity and sensitivity of IC‐HRMS, a new reliable analytical method was developed and validated for MQ and CQ quantification. The LOD of the method was set at 1.9 μg kg−1 for both CQ and MQ, and the linearity was defined from 6.25 to 625 μg kg−1. Average recoveries, at 2 μg L−1, were 96.5% and 97.5% for CQ and MQ, respectively, while precision as repeatability (RSDr%) was 2.3% and 5.1% respectively. Subsequently, a laboratory‐scale experiment was conducted to assess, for the first time, the actual risk of MQ and CQ formation, confirming in cocoa products the presence of MQ at detectable concentration after 55 min at 180 °C, approximately 8 μg kg−1 for cocoa and 7 μg kg−1 for chips. However, the investigation of a wide variety of commercial cocoa and nuts products has fortunately ruled out the presence of such contaminants at detectable concentrations.
T‐cell exhaustion in CAR‐T‐cell therapy and strategies to overcome it
Authors: Yin Xuechen , He Lingfeng , Guo Zhigang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTumour immunotherapy has achieved good therapeutic effects in clinical practice and has received increased attention. Cytotoxic T cells undoubtedly play an important role in tumour immunotherapy. As a revolutionary tumour immunotherapy approach, chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell (CAR‐T‐cell) therapy has made breakthroughs in the treatment of haematological cancers. However, T cells are easily exhausted in vivo, especially after they enter solid tumours. The exhaustion of T cells can lead to poor results of CAR‐T‐cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumours. Here, we review the reasons for T‐cell exhaustion and how T‐cell exhaustion develops. We also review and discuss ways to improve CAR‐T‐cell therapy effects by regulating T‐cell exhaustion.
Type I interferon autoantibodies in hospitalized patients with Middle East respiratory syndrome and association with outcomes and treatment effect of interferon beta‐1b in MIRACLE clinical trial
Authors: Alotaibi Faizah , Alharbi Naif Khalaf , Rosen Lindsey B. , Asiri Ayed Y. , Assiri Abdullah M. , Balkhy Hanan H. , Al Jeraisy Majed , Mandourah Yasser , AlJohani Sameera , Al Harbi Shmeylan , Jokhdar Hani A. Aziz , Deeb Ahmad M. , Memish Ziad A. , Jose Jesna , Ghazal Sameeh , Al Faraj Sarah , Al Mekhlafi Ghaleb A. , Sherbeeni Nisreen Murad , Elzein Fatehi Elnour , AlMutairi Badriah M. , Al‐Dawood Abdulaziz , Abdullah Mashan L. , Barhoumi Tlili , Alenazi Mohammed W. , Almasood Abdulrahman , Holland Steven M. , Arabi Yaseen M. ,   the Saudi Critical Care Trials Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundType I interferons (IFNs) are essential antiviral cytokines induced upon respiratory exposure to coronaviruses. Defects in type I IFN signaling can result in severe disease upon exposure to respiratory viral infection and are associated with worse clinical outcomes. Neutralizing autoantibodies (auto‐Abs) to type I IFNs were reported as a risk factor for life‐threatening COVID‐19, but their presence has not been evaluated in patients with severe Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS).MethodsWe evaluated the prevalence of type I IFN auto‐Abs in a cohort of hospitalized patients with MERS who were enrolled in a placebo‐controlled clinical trial for treatment with IFN‐β1b and lopinavir‐ritonavir (MIRACLE trial). Samples were tested for type I IFN auto‐Abs using a multiplex particle‐based assay.ResultsAmong the 62 enrolled patients, 15 (24.2%) were positive for immunoglobulin G auto‐Abs for at least one subtype of type I IFNs. Auto‐Abs positive patients were not different from auto‐Abs negative patients in age, sex, or comorbidities. However, the majority (93.3%) of patients who were auto‐Abs positive were critically ill and admitted to the ICU at the time of enrollment compared to 66% in the auto‐Abs negative patients. The effect of treatment with IFN‐β1b and lopinavir‐ritonavir did not significantly differ between the two groups.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the presence of type I IFN auto‐Abs in hospitalized patients with MERS.
Modulating the characteristics of jackfruit seed starches by annealing and autoclaving‐cooling modifications
Authors: Kushwaha Radha , Singh Vinti , Kaur Seeratpreet , Kaur Devinder 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of physical modification (annealing and autoclaving) on functional, structure and thermal properties of jackfruit seed starch. The amylose, amylopectin, morphological properties, functional group identification, crystalline behavior, viscosity and thermal properties of modified jackfruit seed starch were analyzed. Results showed that compared with the native starch, amylose content of annealed jackfruit seed starch increased (from 30.68% to 32.39%) while after autoclaving it was decreased (from 30.68% to 25.44%). There were no changes in the X‐ray diffraction patterns of annealed starches while in autoclaving‐cooling treatment, a new peak appeared, causing the crystalline change in structure of starch from A‐type to B‐type. DSC data revealed that thermal properties of jackfruit seed starches improved after both annealing and autoclaving‐cooling treatments. This paper can potentially be used as a theoretical reference to prompt more investigations for the extensive utilization of jackfruit seed starches in the food and other industries.Practical applicationsPhysically modified jackfruit seed starch with improved functionality makes the starch well suitable for various food applications due to changes in solubility, water absorption, and swelling ability. These modified starches can be potentially used during the preparation of noodles, doughs, baked products, pie‐fillings, soups, and sausages and will also remove the environmental burden and food waste.
Nucleolar protein treacle ribosome biogenesis factor 1 maintains gastric cancer cell proliferation by regulating R‐loop associated DNA replication stress
Authors: Nie Xin , Zhao Chong , Zhang Yuan , Huang Wenqi , Zhou Youlian , Liu Haiying , Nie Yuqiang , Xie Keping , Jia Lin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimGastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant neoplasm in the gastrointestinal tract, accounting for high mortality globally. Treacle ribosome biogenesis factor 1 (TCOF1) is a nucleolar protein, which has been reported to be implicated in the pathogenesis of Treacher Collins syndrome and the development of several types of human cancer. However, the role of TCOF1 in GC is not known.MethodsImmunohistochemistry was carried out to determine TCOF1 expression in GC tissues. Immunofluorescence, co‐IP, and DNA fiber assays were conducted to investigate the function of TCOF1 in GC‐derived BGC‐823 and SGC‐7901 cell lines.ResultsTCOF1 expression was aberrantly increased in GC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. In addition, we found that TCOF1 left the nucleolus and localized to R‐loops (DNA/RNA hybrids) during S phase in GC cells. Furthermore, TCOF1 interacted with DDX5 and suppressed R‐loop levels. Knockdown of TCOF1 led to increased nucleoplasmic R‐loops specifically during S phase, which restrained DNA replication and cell proliferation. Overexpression of R‐loop eraser RNaseH1 rescued the DNA synthesis defects and decreased DNA damage caused by TCOF1 depletion.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate a novel role of TCOF1 in maintaining GC cell proliferation by alleviating R‐loop associated DNA replication stress.
Human dermal fibroblast‐derived extracellular matrix reduces postinflammatory hyperpigmentation after fractional carbon dioxide laser facial resurfacing in Asians
Authors: Choi Sang‐Min , Kook Kwang‐Sik , Park Jun , Lew Bark‐Lynn , Kwon Soon‐Hyo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundExtracellular matrix (ECM) components promote the development of skin wounds by providing biological scaffolds and regenerative microenvironments.AimsTo evaluate the beneficial effects of human dermal fibroblast‐derived ECM after fractional carbon dioxide laser resurfacing in Asians.Patients/MethodsIn this double‐blind, randomized, vehicle‐controlled, split‐face study, 15 participants with features of facial skin aging were treated with a single session of fractional carbon dioxide laser, followed by the application of either ECM (ECM group) or placebo (control group). In vivo skin parameters were measured at baseline and after 4 and 12 weeks of treatment using the Antera 3D®, Cutometer® MPA580, Dermascan®, and Tewameter®.ResultsA total of 14 participants (mean age 45.1 ± 9.7 years) completed the study. The change in melanin level was significantly lower in the ECM group than in the control group at week 12 (p < 0.05). Transient increase in erythema level was observed at week 4 in the control group, and the change in the erythema level was greater in the control group than in the ECM group (p = 0.014). Though the ECM group showed improvements in the dermal density, texture, transepidermal water loss, marionette lines (volume, maximum depth, and average depth), and nasolabial folds (volume, maximum depth, and length), no significant differences were found between the two groups. Treatment‐related adverse events were not reported.ConclusionsWe suggest that human dermal fibroblast‐derived ECM may be used as adjunctive therapy after fractional carbon dioxide resurfacing to prevent postinflammatory hyperpigmentation in Asians.
Linguistic, affective, parental, and educational contributions to the bicultural identity development of Balkan minority adolescents
Authors: Laketa Aleksandra , Chrysochoou Elisavet , Studenica Arvesa , Vivas Ana B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigated linguistic, affective, parental, and educational contributions to bicultural identity, in two samples of younger (13‐ to 14‐year‐old; N = 95) and older (16‐ to 17‐year‐old; N = 67) bilingual adolescents, who were immigrants or belonged to ethnic minority communities in the Balkans. While bicultural identity level was not differentiated as a function of age group, there was an age‐related shift in its predictors. Bicultural identity level was significantly predicted by perceived educators' attitudes toward linguistic/cultural diversity in the younger adolescent group, but by personal affective states (motivation and attitudes) toward the mainstream language in the older adolescent group. Implications of the findings are discussed regarding educational and family practices that would facilitate biculturalism in minority adolescents.