bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibody‐Functionalized Copper Oxide Nanoparticles with Targeted Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Ontiveros‐Robles Jorge A. , Villanueva‐Flores Francisca , Juarez‐Moreno Karla , Simakov Andrey , Vazquez‐Duhalt Rafael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCopper oxide nanoparticles (CuO‐NPs) were functionalized with specific antibodies to target their antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive or Gram‐negative bacteria. The CuO‐NPs were covalently functionalized to cover their surface with specific antibodies. The differently prepared CuO‐NPs were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The antibacterial activities of the unmodified CuO‐NPs and the antibody‐functionalized nanoparticles (CuO‐NP‐AbGram−and CuO‐NP‐AbGram+) were determined for both Gram‐negativeEscherichia coliand Gram‐positiveBacillus subtilisbacteria. The antibody‐functionalized NPs showed a differential increase of their antibacterial activity according to the specific antibody. The CuO‐NP‐AbGram−inE. colishowed reduced half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values when compared with unfunctionalized CuO‐NPs. On the other hand, the CuO‐NP‐AbGram+also showed reduced IC50and MIC values inB. subtilis, when compared with non‐functionalized CuO‐NPs. Thus, the functionalized CuO nanoparticles with specific antibodies showed enhanced specificity of their antibacterial activity. The advantages of “smart” antibiotic nanoparticles are discussed.
The road to integrate climate change projections with regional land‐use–biodiversity models
Authors: Cabral Juliano Sarmento , Mendoza‐Ponce Alma , da Silva André Pinto , Oberpriller Johannes , Mimet Anne , Kieslinger Julia , Berger Thomas , Blechschmidt Jana , Brönner Maximilian , Classen Alice , Fallert Stefan , Hartig Florian , Hof Christian , Hoffmann Markus , Knoke Thomas , Krause Andreas , Lewerentz Anne , Pohle Perdita , Raeder Uta , Rammig Anja , Redlich Sarah , Rubanschi Sven , Stetter Christian , Weisser Wolfgang , Vedder Daniel , Verburg Peter H. , Zurell Damaris 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Current approaches to project spatial biodiversity responses to climate change mainly focus on the direct effects of climate on species while regarding land use and land cover as constant or prescribed by global land‐use scenarios. However, local land‐use decisions are often affected by climate change and biodiversity on top of socioeconomic and policy drivers. To realistically understand and predict climate impacts on biodiversity, it is, therefore, necessary to integrate both direct and indirect effects (via climate‐driven land‐use change) of climate change on biodiversity.

In this perspective paper, we outline how biodiversity models could be better integrated with regional, climate‐driven land‐use models. We initially provide a short, non‐exhaustive review of empirical and modelling approaches to land‐use and land‐cover change (LU) and biodiversity (BD) change at regional scales, which forms the base for our perspective about improved integration of LU and BD models. We consider a diversity of approaches, with a special emphasis on mechanistic models. We also look at current levels of integration and at model properties, such as scales, inputs and outputs, to further identify integration challenges and opportunities.

We find that LU integration in BD models is more frequent than the other way around and has been achieved at different levels: from overlapping predictions to simultaneously coupled simulations (i.e. bidirectional effects). Of the integrated LU‐BD socio‐ecological models, some studies included climate change effects on LU, but the relative contribution of direct vs. indirect effects of climate change on BD remains a key research challenge.

Important research avenues include concerted efforts in harmonizing spatial and temporal resolution, disentangling direct and indirect effects of climate change on biodiversity, explicitly accounting for bidirectional feedbacks, and ultimately feeding socio‐ecological systems back into climate predictions. These avenues can be navigated by matching models, plugins for format and resolution conversion, and increasing the land‐use forecast horizon with adequate uncertainty. Recent developments of coupled models show that such integration is achievable and can lead to novel insights into climate–land use–biodiversity relations.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Integrating intracellular and extracellular proteomic profiling for in‐depth investigations of cellular communication in a model of prostate cancer
Authors: Miles Hannah N. , Tomlin Devin , Ricke William A. , Li Lingjun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCellular communication is essential for cell‐cell interactions, maintaining homeostasis and progression of certain disease states. While many studies examine extracellular proteins, the holistic extracellular proteome is often left uncaptured, leaving gaps in our understanding of how all extracellular proteins may impact communication and interaction. We used a cellular‐based proteomics approach to more holistically profile both the intracellular and extracellular proteome of prostate cancer. Our workflow was generated in such a manner that multiple experimental conditions can be observed with the opportunity for high throughput integration. Additionally, this workflow is not limited to a proteomic aspect, as metabolomic and lipidomic studies can be integrated for a multi‐omics workflow. Our analysis showed coverage of over 8000 proteins while also garnering insights into cellular communication in the context of prostate cancer development and progression. Identified proteins covered a variety of cellular processes and pathways, allowing for the investigation of multiple aspects into cellular biology. This workflow demonstrates advantages for integrating intra‐ and extracellular proteomic analyses as well as potential for multi‐omics researchers. This approach possesses great value for future investigations into the systems biology aspects of disease development and progression.
Effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions among persons with cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Yingst Jessica M. , Carrillo Matthew , Chan Kimberly H. , Choi Karen , Dao Joseph , Kulkarni Pallavi , Bordner Candace , Goyal Neerav , Foulds Jonathan , Bascom Rebecca 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesContinued smoking after cancer diagnosis is associated with worse outcomes, however, many persons diagnosed with cancer who smoke are unable to quit successfully. Effective interventions are needed to promote quitting in this population. The purpose of this systematic review is to understand the most effective interventions for smoking cessation among persons with cancer and to identify gaps in knowledge and methodology to suggest directions for future research.MethodsThree electronic databases (The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled trials, MEDLINE, and EMBASE) were searched for studies of smoking cessation interventions among persons with cancer, published up to 1 July 2021. Title and abstract screening, full‐text review, and data extraction was completed by two independent reviewers, via Covalence software, with any discordance resolved by a third reviewer. A quality assessment was completed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool Version 2.ResultsThirty‐six articles were included in the review, including 17 randomized‐controlled trials (RCTs) and 19 non‐RCT studies. Of the 36 studies, 28 (77.8%) utilized an intervention that included both counseling and medication, with 24 (85.7%) providing medication to participants at no cost. Abstinence rates in the RCT intervention groups (n = 17) ranged from 5.2% to 75%, while the non‐RCTs found abstinence rates ranging from 15% to 46%. Overall, studies met a mean of 2.28 out of seven quality items, ranging from 0 to 6.ConclusionsOur study highlights the importance of utilizing intensive combined behavioral and pharmacological interventions for persons with cancer. While combined therapy interventions seem to be the most effective, more research is needed, as current studies have several quality issues, including the lack of biochemical verification for abstinence.
Variable radiographic and histologic presentations of amiodarone‐related interstitial lung disease and the importance of avoiding re‐exposure
Authors: Tsai I‐Lin , Huang Li‐Ting , Yu Yu‐Ting , Lee Chung‐Ta , Huang Tang‐Hsiu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmiodarone is a commonly used antiarrhythmic agent but exhibits potential pulmonary toxicity. In this case series, we describe the clinical, radiographic, and histologic manifestations of three patients who developed interstitial lung disease (ILD) following amiodarone treatment for variable lengths of time with different dosages. The presentations on computed tomographic images and in pulmonary pathology differed among the three patients. All three had immediate discontinuation of amiodarone and received treatment with systemic corticosteroids. One patient eventually died from ventilator‐associated pneumonia after an initial improvement. The other two patients recovered well but later experienced ILD recurrence following brief re‐exposure to amiodarone. Through this case series, we aim to demonstrate the variable features of amiodarone‐related ILD, and highlight the importance of timely amiodarone cessation and avoiding re‐exposure to prevent the progression and recurrence of ILD.
The vulnerability and resilience of seagrass ecosystems to marine heatwaves in New Zealand: a remote sensing analysis of seascape metrics usingPlanetScopeimagery
Authors: Clemente Ken Joseph E. , Thomsen Mads S. , Zimmerman Richard C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeagrasses are foundation species that provide ecosystem functions and services, including increased biodiversity, sediment retention, carbon sequestration, and fish nursery habitat. However, anthropogenic stressors that reduce water quality, impose large‐scale climate changes, and amplify weather patterns, such as marine heatwaves, are altering seagrass meadow configurations. Quantifying large‐scale trends in seagrass distributions will help evaluate the impacts of climate drivers on their functions and services. Here, we quantified spatiotemporal dynamics in abundances and configurations of intertidal and shallow subtidal seagrass (Zostera muelleri) meadows in 20 New Zealand (NZ) estuaries that span a 5‐year period (mid/late 2016–early 2022) just before, during and after the Tasman Sea 2017/18 marine heatwave, the warmest summer ever recorded in NZ. We used high‐resolution PlanetScope satellite imagery to map interseasonal seagrass extent and quantify seascape metrics across 20 estuaries along a latitudinal gradient spanning 12° in NZ. We also explored the association of changes in seagrass metrics with satellite‐derived predictors such as sea surface temperature (SST), SST anomaly (SSTa), water column turbidity, and nutrient concentration. Our analyses revealed that NZ seagrass meadows varied in areal extent between years and seasons, but with no clear patterns over the 5‐year period, implying resilience to large‐scale stressors like the 2017/18 marine heatwave. Small‐scale patterns were also dynamic, for example, patch sizes and patch configurations differed across estuaries, seasons, and years. Furthermore, seagrass patches expanded in some estuaries with increasing SST and SSTa. These results highlight dynamic seagrass patterns that likely affect local processes such as biodiversity and carbon sequestration. Our analyses demonstrate that a combination of high‐resolution satellite remote sensing and seascape metrics is an efficient and novel approach to detect impacts from anthropogenic stressors, like eutrophication and climate changes, and climate extremes like cyclones and heatwaves.
Sunlight‐Induced Degradation of Dissolved Ethyl‐Parathion and Coupled Molecular Toxicity Investigation
Authors: Amar Saroj K. , Styles Renee M. , Karna Ranju , Chappell Mark A. , Gust Kurt A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEthyl‐parathion (EP) is a globally‐distributed organophosphorus (OP) pesticide where environmental release is a standard use case. The present study sought to determine if sunlight degraded EP and if the degraded products were toxic to biological molecules in cell‐free assays. A 24 mg/L solution of EP (water solubility limit) was exposed to direct sunlight for 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hrs where as much as 64.6 % of EP was degraded relative to the 0 hr sunlight exposure. Singlet oxygen formation (1O2) increased by 15.9, 20.6, 29.8, and 64.4 % in the 1, 2, 3 and 4 hr sunlight exposures, respectively. Ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography further confirmed the sunlight‐induced transformation of EP and the increased 1O2 formation through time, likely via a type‐II photochemical mechanism. The degradation of DNA nucleotides (8‐hydroxy 2‐deoxyguanosine), the formation of superoxide anion radical (O2.‐) which was validated by significant O2.– quenching by superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidation of membrane lipid (linoleic acid), increased significantly in sunlight exposures, however the presence of EP at 24 mg/L had no significant influence on this effect. Overall, sunlight quickly degraded EP in solution, however the sunlight‐irradiated EP caused no discernable toxic effects in cell‐free assays relative to sunlight alone.
Metal‐Free Oxidative Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Alkenes with Thiophenols
Authors: Li Chunsheng , Liao Mingjian , He Zhiquan , Chen Yunbing , Mai Jingna , Dong Rui , Chen Junhua , Chen Lianfen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA novel transition‐metal‐free regioselective allylic C−H thiolation of alkenes has been achieved by cross‐dehydrogenative coupling strategy. The present protocol realizes efficient and highly regio‐ and stereo‐selective functionalization of allylic C−H bonds under metal‐free conditions, leading to a series of allylic thioethers in good to excellent yields. Moreover, this work features mild reaction conditions, high step‐ and atom‐economy and good functional group tolerance.
Removal of Norfloxacin from Wastewater by Adsorption onto SnS2 Followed by Photocatalytic Degradation**
Authors: Kar Sayani , Pal Tanusri , Ghosh Surajit 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAntibiotic remainders found in the river water of many countries have been a significant threat to the environment and human health. Herein, the removal of the Norfloxacin antibiotic from the aqueous medium has been reported. We successfully synthesized SnS2 nanoplates and studied the removal of Norfloxacin aqueous medium by adsorption followed by a photocatalysis process using SnS2. The presence of pores on the SnS2 surface and excellent photo‐induced charge generation ability under solar light illumination makes it a potential material for the degradation of Norfloxacin from an aqueous medium. 80 % of Norfloxacin was degraded in 130 minutes, out of which 36.7 % was removed in 20 min by the adsorption process and the rest was degraded in 110 min photo catalytically. The scavenger experiments were also performed to determine the reactive species responsible for the photodegradation. The results identified that the holes dominate the photodegradation of Norfloxacin by SnS2 in the aqueous medium. Our study has established SnS2 as a promising material for the removal of water pollutants, which may be a pathway to protect the environment from antibiotic pollution in river water.
Boost of Gas Adsorption Kinetics of Covalent Organic Frameworks via Ionic Liquid Solution Process
Authors: Fu Jie , Liu Jia‐Ying , Zhang Guo‐Hao , Zhu Qiu‐Hong , Wang Shuang‐Long , Qin Song , He Ling , Tao Guo‐Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdsorption, storage, and conversion of gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and iodine) are the three critical topics in the field of clean energy and environmental mediation. Exploring new methods to prepare high‐performance materials to improve gas adsorption is one of the most concerning topics in recent years. In this work, an ionic liquid solution process (ILSP), which can greatly improve the adsorption kinetic performance of covalent organic framework (COF) materials for gaseous iodine, is explored. Anionic COF TpPaSO3H is modified by amino‐triazolium cation through the ILSP method, which successfully makes the iodine adsorption kinetic performance (K80% rate) of ionic liquid (IL) modified COF AC4tirmTpPaSO3 quintuple compared with the original COF. A series of experimental characterization and theoretical calculation results show that the improvement of adsorption kinetics is benefited from the increased weak interaction between the COF and iodine, due to the local charge separation of the COF skeleton caused by the substitution of protons by the bulky cations of ILs. This ILSP strategy has competitive help for COF materials in the field of gas adsorption, separation, or conversion, and is expected to expand and improve the application of COF materials in energy and environmental science.
Optical Binding‐Driven Micropatterning and Photosculpting with Silver Nanorods
Authors: Gonzalez‐Garcia M. Carmen , Garcia‐Fernandez Emilio , Hueso Jose L. , Paulo Pedro M. R. , Orte Angel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractControlling the nano‐ and micropatterning of metal structures is an important requirement for various technological applications in photonics and biosensing. This work presents a method for controllably creating silver micropatterns by laser‐induced photosculpting. Photosculpting is driven by plasmonic interactions between pulsed laser radiation and silver nanorods (AgNRs) in aqueous suspension; this process leads to optical binding forces transporting the AgNRs in the surroundings, while electronic thermalization results in photooxidation, melting, and ripening of the AgNRs into well‐defined 3D structures. This work call these structures Airy castles due to their structural similarity with a diffraction‐limited Airy disk. The photosculpted Airy castles contain emissive Ag nanoclusters, allowing for the visualization and examination of the aggregation process using luminescence microscopy. This work comprehensively examines the factors that define the photosculpting process, namely, the concentration and shape of the AgNRs, as well as the energy, power, and repetition rate of the laser. Finally, this work investigates the potential applications by measuring the metal‐enhanced luminescence of a europium‐based luminophore using Airy castles.
Within a mesh of expectations: Dealing with dilemmas in business families using systemic tools from family coaching
Authors: Arnold Theresa , Kleve Heiko , Roth Steffen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBusiness family members face challenges related to exposure to diverse role expectations and systems logics, the management of which often results in situations of high complexity, dilemmas, and paradoxes. To address these issues, in this paper we combine key insights from social systems theory with systemic family coaching tools such as “internal maps,” the “expectation carrousel,” and the “tetralemma.” In drawing on an illustrative example from a family business succession planning context, we demonstrate how systemic approaches may help business family members to (a) creatively reflect on both the personal and interpersonal expectations they are confronted with and (b) manage issues of decision‐making in dilemmatic or paradoxical situations.
Alzheimer's disease drug development pipeline: 2023
Authors: Cummings Jeffrey , Zhou Yadi , Lee Garam , Zhong Kate , Fonseca Jorge , Cheng Feixiong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionDrugs that prevent the onset, slow progression, or improve cognitive and behavioral symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are needed.MethodsWe searched ClinicalTrials.gov for all current Phase 1, 2 and 3 clinical trials for AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) attributed to AD. We created an automated computational database platform to search, archive, organize, and analyze the derived data. The Common Alzheimer's Disease Research Ontology (CADRO) was used to identify treatment targets and drug mechanisms.ResultsOn the index date of January 1, 2023, there were 187 trials assessing 141 unique treatments for AD. Phase 3 included 36 agents in 55 trials; 87 agents were in 99 Phase 2 trials; and Phase 1 had 31 agents in 33 trials. Disease‐modifying therapies were the most common drugs comprising 79% of drugs in trials. Twenty‐eight percent of candidate therapies are repurposed agents. Populating all current Phase 1, 2, and 3 trials will require 57,465 participants.DiscussionThe AD drug development pipeline is advancing agents directed at a variety of target processes.HIGHLIGHTSThere are currently 187 trials assessing 141 drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD).Drugs in the AD pipeline address a variety of pathological processes.More than 57,000 participants will be required to populate all currently registered trials.
Antibody prevalence to avian influenza virus subtypes H5, H7 and H9 in falcons, captive and wild birds, United Arab Emirates, 2003–2006
Authors: Jöstl Nicola , Weidinger Pia , Lussy Helga , Bailey Tom A. , Joseph Sunitha , McKeown Sean , O`Donovan Declan , Li Xiangdong , Nowotny Norbert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAvian influenza viruses (AIV) may cause enormous economic losses in the poultry industry and sporadically severe disease in humans. Falconry is a tradition of great importance in the Arabian Peninsula. Falcons may catch AIV through contact with infected quarry species.ObjectivesFalcons together with other bird species are the focus of this seroprevalence study, carried out on sera collected in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). AIV with the haemagglutinin subtypes H5, H7 and possibly H9 may infect humans.MethodsWe investigated the antibody prevalence to these subtypes in falcons and other birds by haemagglutination inhibition test. 617 sera of falcons and 429 sera of 46 wild/captive bird species were tested.ResultsFrom the falcons, only one was positive for H5 antibodies (0.2%), none contained antibodies to H7, but 78 had antibodies to H9 (13.2%). Regarding other birds, eight were positive for antibodies to H5 (2.1%), none had antibodies to H7, but 55 sera from 17 species contained antibodies to H9 (14.4%).ConclusionsIn contrast to H5 and H7 infections, H9N2 is widespread worldwide. Its ability to reassort, thereby creating possibly pathogenic strains for humans, should remind us of the potential risk that close contact with birds entails.
A shorter path to celestial currents
Authors: Pasterski Sabrina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Here we consider what happens when we lift a codimension-1 slice of the celestial sphere to a codimension-1 slice of the bulk spacetime in a manner that respects our ability to quotient by the null generators of I± to get to our codimension-2 hologram. The contour integrals of the 2D currents for the celestial symmetries lift to boundary integrals of the standard 2-form generators for the gauge theory on this novel choice of surface and celestial Ward identities follow directly from Noether’s theorem.