bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrepancies Between Self-reported and Objectively Measured Smartphone Screen Time: Before and During Lockdown
Authors: Júdice Pedro B. , Sousa-Sá Eduarda , Palmeira António L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractScreen time shows higher health risks compared to other types of sedentary behaviors. A lockdown may simultaneously increase screen time, reduce physical activity (PA), and change time perception. Our goal was to compare self-reported against objectively measured smartphone screen time (SST) in a sample of active and inactive Portuguese adults before and during a social lockdown. This study was a cross-sectional analysis with 211 Portuguese adults (57.8% males), aged 25.2 ± 8.5 years, from two cohorts, one before the social lockdown and the other during the lockdown. SST was self-reported (SR-SST) and objectively measured using a smartphone (OM-SST). PA was self-reported. Linear regressions were performed to determine the association between SR-SST and OM-SST. A Bland and Altman analysis was used to assess agreement. Independent T-tests were performed for comparisons between cohorts and paired sample T-tests for comparisons within each cohort. The cohort assessed during the lockdown showed a higher SST than the cohort assessed before the lockdown (OM-SST; p < 0.001 and SR-SST; p = 0.009). Before the lockdown, there was no difference between SR-SST and OM-SST (p = 0.100). However, during the social lockdown, although the agreement between SR-SST and OM-SST was good (ICC = 0.72), participants systematically underestimated their SST by ~ 71 min/day (p < 0.001), and this underestimation was higher in inactive participants (~ 85 min/day) than in active individuals (~ 49 min/day). The general population needs to be aware of the benefits of limiting screen time, especially during periods of societal modifications, such as a generalized lockdown. There was a tendency to underestimate SST, meaning a lack of awareness of the actual time spent in this potentially deleterious behavior. This underestimation was more pronounced during the lockdown period and for the inactive participants, thus posing a greater health risk. The findings from this investigation entail relevant information for policy makers to delineate strategies for reducing population screen time from a preventive health perspective.
Staying Together No Matter What: Becoming Young Parents on the Streets of Vancouver
Authors: Fast Danya , Charlesworth Reith , Thulien Madison , Krüsi Andrea , Buxton Jane , West Sarah , Chase Corrina , Manson Daniel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAmong young people who use drugs in the context of entrenched poverty and homelessness, pregnancy is often viewed as an event that can meaningfully change the trajectory of their lives. However, youth’s desires and decision-making do not always align with the perspectives of various professionals and systems regarding how best to intervene during pregnancies and early parenting. Drawing on longitudinal interviews and fieldwork with young people in Vancouver, Canada, we explore how their romantic relationships powerfully shaped understandings of what was right and wrong and which actions to take during pregnancy and early parenting, and how these moral worlds frequently clashed with the imperatives of healthcare, criminal justice, and child protection systems. We demonstrate how a disjuncture between youth’s desires, decision-making and moralities, and the systems that are intended to help them, can further entrench young people in cycles of loss, defeat, and harm. These cycles are powerfully racialized for young Indigenous people in our context.
Information Asymmetry with Heterogeneous Buyers and Sellers in the Housing Market
Authors: Li L. , Chau K. W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examines how heterogeneous traders on both sides of transactions behave in the housing market under information asymmetry. Two types of buyers, namely, informed and uninformed buyers, correspond to local and non-local buyers in the empirical tests. Non-local housing buyers in Hong Kong pay a 2.8% premium over local buyers in the second-hand market for housing units with similar observable attributes. We distinguish real estate developers from sellers in the second-hand market. The former has an incentive and ability to reduce information asymmetry by providing a quality guarantee on the building structure and signaling with brand name, none of which can be fulfilled by sellers in the second-hand market. Empirical results show that developers’ efforts to reduce information asymmetry allow them to fetch a higher price than sellers in the second-hand market, holding property characteristics constant. Such efforts are particularly valued by uninformed buyers as non-local buyers prefer to purchase in the first-hand market rather than in the second-hand market, especially when the problem of information asymmetry is serious.
Intuitions are never used as evidence in ethics
Authors: Herok Tomasz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOne can often hear that intuitions are standardly “appealed to”, “relied on”, “accounted for”, or “used as evidence” in ethics. How should we interpret these claims? I argue that the typical understanding is what Bernard Molyneux calls “descriptive evidentialism”: the idea that intuition-states are treated as evidence of their propositional contents in the context of justification. I then argue that descriptive evidentialism is false- on any account of what intuitions are. That said, I admit that ethicists frequently rely on intuitions to clarify, persuade, discover, or to support things other than the intuitions’ contents. The contents of intuitions are also commonly used as starting premises of philosophical arguments. However claims about these practices need to be sharply distinguished from the prevalent dogma.
Gum Arabic influences the activity of antioxidant enzymes during androgenesis in barley anthers
Authors: Klajmon A. , Makowska K. , Zimny J. , Oleszczuk S. , Libik-Konieczny M. , Sebela M. , Gašparíková I. , Bąba W. , Konieczny R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the antioxidant activity of gum Arabic (GA) during androgenesis in barley anthers. After stress pretreatment the anthers were cultured in the presence of 10 mg L−1 GA (Gm) or on control medium (Cm) and compared with respect to activity of selected antioxidant and respiratory enzymes and endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content. The anthers from Cm and Gm differed in the strategy against H2O2 overproduction, in that the total peroxidase (POX) activity and the number of POX isoforms were significantly higher in Gm- than in Cm-cultured material. High POX activity on Gm paralleled with H2O2 decrease, suggesting the utilization of this chemical for the POX-mediated cell wall formation and reconstruction during growth of multicellular structures. The total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity on Cm and Gm were at similar level for most of the culture period but the activity of MnSOD was dozen times higher on Gm and this coincided with high activity of fumarase and cytochrome c oxidase. It indicates close interplay between efficient antioxidative protection and high metabolic rate accompanying efficient androgenesis. Mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the presence of POX and other antioxidative and defense enzymes in protein fraction of GA used in the experiments, however as revealed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, the Gm and Cm displayed similar total antioxidant capacity. Thus, the effect of GA on androgenic cultures of barley can be linked to its influence on the activity of anther antioxidant system, rather than its native antioxidative properties.
Contents and Spatial Distribution of Arsenic in Vineyard Soils in Mediterranean Environment
Authors: Jiménez-Ballesta Raimundo , Bravo Sandra , Pérez-de-los-Reyes Caridad , Amorós José A. , García-Navarro Francisco J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study presents the contents and spatial distribution of arsenic (As) in vineyard soils from the Valdepeñas Protected Designation Origin (PDO) in central Spain. As content varies within the 108.40–0.03 mg·kg−1 range in surface horizons, and within 151.00–0.03 mg·kg−1 in subsurface horizons. The mean value of both horizons is similar: 4.25 and 4.88 mg·kg−1, respectively. Based on optimal spatial interpolation, the spatial distribution of As in soils was mapped by the IDV method. A simple data and map analysis suggests that pedogeogenic sources are the main sources for As (the As distribution tends to match the lithology and soil types), which indicates minor anthropogenic sources, mainly by agricultural sector activities. Only a high As concentration appears in the NE area, where sporadic moderate contamination is estimated based on Dutch criteria. The data obtained from the study area provide a broader view of the concentration, distribution, enrichment, sources, and the potential environmental contamination by As in the vineyard soils of this large winegrowing zone. The assessment of the results indicates that As does not affect agriculture (vineyards) in the study area because its concentrations are low in the soil types used by agriculture. These data can be employed as a guide to learn the range of values in vineyard soils in the European Mediterranean Region that are relatively unpolluted from industrial sources to make comparisons to more polluted areas.
A Sustainable Method to Reduce Vancomycin Concentrations in Water Using Timber Waste
Authors: Delmond Benjamin , Tretsiakova-McNally Svetlana , Solan Brian , McDermott Rodney , Audoin Alexandre 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEmerging contaminants are becoming a significant challenge for modern society. Antibiotic resistance is notably among the most urgent public health concerns, and it is well recognised that the problem often originates from wastewater treatment facilities. In developed countries, where affordable and specified, activated carbon can be used as an efficient adsorbent of antibiotic residues present in wastewaters. However, this method is associated with high production and reactivation costs and has a significant carbon footprint. Research at Ulster University proposes a more sustainable and cost-effective solution to this problem. The technique involves the application of modified sawdust waste to treated effluent, reducing tertiary antibiotic contamination. The sawdust used in the current study was from two sources: ash or a mixture of tree species. These materials, in unmodified and modified forms, were applied as the adsorbents in model systems containing vancomycin (antibiotic) dissolved in distilled water at concentrations ranging between 30 and 150 mg/L. It was found that such adsorbents are highly efficient at removing vancomycin from contaminated waters. Antibiotic removal levels reached 63.0% (σ = 2.3%) for the modified mixed sawdust and 56.6% (σ = 5.1%) for the modified ash sawdust. Post-treatment, the sawdust can undergo a thermal conversion for energy production. The preliminary findings of this scoping work indicate the feasibility of converting sawdust waste into a novel means for wastewater treatment systems capable of dealing with antibiotic pollutants. The simplicity of the method offers many developing and developed economies, a sustainable means of managing this dangerous emerging problem.
Selective enrichment, identification, and isolation of diclofenac, ibuprofen, and carbamazepine degrading bacteria from a groundwater biofilm
Authors: Pápai Márton , Benedek Tibor , Táncsics András , Bornemann Till L. V. , Plewka Julia , Probst Alexander J. , Hussein Daood , Maróti Gergely , Menashe Ofir , Kriszt Balázs 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDiclofenac, ibuprofen, and carbamazepine are three of the most widely detected and most concerning pharmaceutical residues in aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study was to identify bacteria that may be involved in their degradation from a bacterial biofilm. Selective enrichment cultures in mineral salt solution containing pharmaceutical compounds as sole source of carbon and energy were set up, and population dynamics were monitored using shotgun metagenome sequencing. Bacterial genomes were reconstructed using genome-resolved metagenomics. Thirty bacterial isolates were obtained, identified at species level, and tested regarding pharmaceutical biodegradation at an initial concentration of 1.5 mg l−1. The results indicated that most probably diclofenac biodegrading cultures consisted of members of generaFerrovibrio,Hydrocarboniphaga,Zavarzinia, andSphingopyxis, while in ibuprofen biodegradationNocardioidesandStarkeya, and in carbamazepine biodegradationNocardioides,Pseudonocardia, andSphingopyxismight be involved. During the enrichments, compared to the initial state the percentage relative abundance of these genera increased up to three orders of magnitude. ExceptStarkeya, the genomes of these bacteria were reconstructed and annotated. Metabolic analyses of the annotated genomes indicated that these bacteria harbored genes associated with pharmaceutical biodegradation.Stenotrophomonas humiDIC_5 andRhizobium daejeonenseIBU_18 isolates eliminated diclofenac and ibuprofen during the tests in the presence of either glucose (3 g l−1) or in R2A broth. Higher than 90% concentration reduction was observed in the case of both compounds.
Corporate purpose: from a ‘Tower of Babel’ phenomenon towards construct clarity
Authors: Brosch Nikolai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent years, interest in corporate purpose has gained momentum among both practitioners and academic researchers. Despite this, the construct of corporate purpose is still under-conceptualized and suffers from multiple – and partly divergent – understandings. Given that a field’s development is shaped by the clarity of its constructs, this paper strives to evolve the construct of corporate purpose from a ‘tower of babel’ phenomenon towards construct clarity. To this end, it reviews and synthesizes the literature on corporate purpose and proposes a definition that integrates different approaches. In addition, this paper underpins the definition with seven core characteristics of corporate purpose, delineates scope conditions and elaborates on the relationship of corporate purpose with related concepts including mission, vision, corporate social responsibility and sustainability. By enhancing construct clarity, the paper paves the avenue for further research on corporate purpose and the further development of the field.
From hegemony-reinforcing to hegemony-transcending transformations: horizons of possibility and strategies of escape
Authors: Hamilton Rachel Tome Valencia , Ramcilovic-Suominen Sabaheta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the face of ever escalating global socioecological crises, the necessity of radical systemic transformations has gained increasing political and academic traction over the last decade, among others in the context of ‘green’ and bio-based economies. We draw on the works of political philosophers Ernesto Laclau, Chantal Mouffe and Judith Butler to develop a typology of transformational dynamics. In this typology, the word transformation implies political agendas, processes and outcomes that involve the total structural reordering of a social field, which we juxtapose with ‘inclusion’, which implies cases in which pre-existing logics are further entrenched or extended. Drawing on the theoretical framework of hegemony, inclusions and transformations, we develop an analytical lens that focuses on the relations between hegemony and transformative dynamics. This analytical lens is developed and exemplified by discussing the transformative potentials of multiple socioecological and political agendas, including those associated with eco-modernism, Marxism, decoloniality, eco-feminism, degrowth and eco-anarchism. Depending on the transformative dynamics in relation to hegemony and the dominant political logics, we distinguish between hegemony-reinforcing, hegemony-replacing, and hegemony-transcending transformations. The provided lens and the typologies of transformations should be useful to those seeking to conceptualize, differentiate, analyse, and tactically strategize the realization of an array of socio-ecological agendas.
Integrated Experimental and Thermodynamic Modeling Study of the Pb-Fe-O-S-Si System: Effect of Temperature and p(SO2) on Slag-Matte-Metal-Tridymite Equilibria
Authors: Hidayat T. , Fallah-Mehrjardi A. , Abdeyazdan H. , Shishin D. , Shevchenko M. , Hayes P. C. , Jak E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
An integrated experimental and thermodynamic modeling study has been used to characterize phase equilibria in the Pb-Fe-O-S-Si system. The experimental approach developed for investigation of this system, which involves the use of high-temperature equilibration, quenching, and electron probe X-ray microanalysis, has enabled to overcome difficulties associated with high corrosive tendency of the condensed phases and high vaporization rates of Pb species specific to this system. The study shows that systematic, accurate direct experimental measurements of the Pb, Fe, Si, and S concentrations in the coexisting phases in this system are now possible. The results obtained for the slag-matte-metal-tridymite phase equilibria at 1100 °C and 1200 °C appear to be the first systematic quantitative experimental data on phase compositions in equilibrium in the Pb-Fe-O-S-Si system. First systematic experimental measurements have also been undertaken for the gas-slag-matte-tridymite equilibria at p(SO2) = 0.6 atm at 1200 °C. Thermodynamic calculations have been performed using the FactSage thermodynamic package. The experimental data have been used, along with other relevant measurements, to develop a self-consistent thermodynamic database that can be used for optimization of industrial processes.
Microstructural Characterization and Oscillating Sliding Wear Investigations of the Aqueous Suspension Sprayed HVOF WC-12Co Coatings
Authors: Toma Filofteia-Laura , Meyer Anja , Kunze Oliver , Shakhverdova Irina , Matthey Björn , Härtwig Fabian , Mayer Markus , Potthoff Annegret , Pötschke Johannes , Makowski Stefan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThermally sprayed WC-based hardmetal coatings offer high hardness, good sliding wear and abrasion performance and find large applications in mechanical engineering, valve construction, or offshore applications. WC-Co coatings are mainly produced by high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF) from conventional spray feedstock powders. In this work, suspension-HVOF spraying (S-HVOF) was used to produce dense-structured WC-12Co coatings and their microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties were investigated. Significant work was devoted to the development of appropriate aqueous suspensions starting from commercially available fine WC and Co raw powders feedstock. Suspension spraying was carried out using gas-fuelled HVOF TopGun system; for comparison purposes, liquid-fuelled HVOF K2 was employed to spray WC-12Co coatings starting from commercially available spray powder. Microstructural characterization, x-ray diffraction and microhardness of the coatings were evaluated. Oscillating sliding wear tests were conducted against sintered alumina and WC-6Co balls. The sliding wear performances of the WC-Co sprayed coatings were discussed in term of their microstructure, phase composition and coating-ball test couples.
Evolution of Bariatric Surgery in Italy in the Last 11 Years: Data from the SICOB Yearly National Survey
Authors: Gentileschi Paolo , Sensi Bruno , Siragusa Leandro , Sorge Roberto , Rispoli Eliana , Angrisani Luigi , Galfrascoli Elisa , Bianciardi Emanuela , Giusti Maria Paola , De Luca Maurizio , Zappa Marco Antonio ,   SICOB Survey Collaborative Group, Arcudi Claudio , Balani Alessandro , Bellini Rosario , Benavoli Domenico , Berardi Giovanna , Casella Giovanni , Basso Nicola , Cerbone Maria Rosaria , Di Lorenzo Nicola , Facchiano Enrico , Foletto Mirto , Forestieri Pietro , Foschi Diego , Grandone Ilenia , Lucchese Marcello , Manno Emilio , Musella Mario , Navarra Giuseppe , Olmi Stefano , Piazza Luigi , PIlone Vincenzo , Raffaelli Marco , Sarro Giuliano , Zaccaroni Alberto 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Bariatric surgery (BS) is a relatively novel surgical field and is in continuous expansion and evolution.

Purpose
Aim of this study was to report changes in Italian surgical practice in the last decade.

Methods
The Società Italiana di Chirurgia dell’Obesità (SICOB) conducted annual surveys to cense activity of SICOB centers between 2011 and 2021. Primary outcome was to detect differences in frequency of performance of adjustable gastric banding (AGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), bilio-pancreatic diversion (BPD), and gastric plication (GP). Secondary outcome was to detect differences in performance of main non-malabsorptive procedures (AGB + SG) and overall bypass procedures (RYGB + OAGB). Geographical differences were also investigated.

Results
Median response rate was 92%. AGB declined from 36% of procedures in 2011 to 5% in 2021 (p < 0.0001). SG increased from 30% in 2011 to 55% in 2021 (p < 0.0001). RYGB declined from 25 to 12% of procedures (p < 0.0001). OAGB rose from 0% of procedures in 2011 to 15% in 2021 (p < 0.0001). BPD underwent decrease from 6.2 to 0.2% in 2011 and 2021, respectively (p < 0.0001). Main non-malabsorptive procedures significantly decreased while overall bypass procedures remained stable. There were significant differences among regions in performance of SG, RYGB, and OAGB.

Conclusions
BS in Italy evolved significantly during the past 10 years. AGB underwent a decline, as did BPD and GP which are disappearing and RYGB which is giving way to OAGB. The latter is rising and is the second most-performed procedure after SG which has been confirmed as the preferred procedure by Italian bariatric surgeons.

Graphical Abstract
Prognostic value of 12-month response to therapy in pediatric patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Zampella Emilia , Piscopo Leandra , Manganelli Mariarosaria , Volpe Fabio , Nappi Carmela , Gaudieri Valeria , Pace Leonardo , Schlumberger Martin , Cuocolo Alberto , Klain Michele 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In pediatric patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) we assessed the prognostic value of the 12-month response to therapy after initial treatment with surgery and radioactive iodine (RAI).

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 94 pediatric patients with DTC, treated with surgery and RAI who were initially classified as low, intermediate or high risk of relapse of disease according to the American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines. Twelve months after RAI administration the response to therapy was assessed by serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measurement and neck ultrasound and patients were classified as having excellent response (ER) or no-ER.

Results
At the 12 months evaluation, 62 (66%) patients had ER and 32 (34%) no-ER. During a mean follow-up time of 86 months (range 9–517), 19 events occurred (20% cumulative event rate). Events occurred more frequently in younger patients (p < 0.05), in those at ATA intermediate/high risk (p < 0.01) and with a pre-RAI therapy Tg level > 10 ng/mL (p < 0.001), and in those with no-ER (p < 0.001). At multivariate analysis, the evidence of no-ER was the only independent predictor of events.

Conclusion
In pediatric patients with DTC, the response to therapy evaluated 12 months after initial treatment has an independent prognostic impact and is able to predict mid-term outcome. Patients with no-ER at 12 months after RAI therapy should be closely followed-up.