bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility Assessment of a Magnetic Layer Detection Method for Field Applications
Authors: Li Chenhui , Liu Liang , Huang Mingbin , Shi Yafang 
Published: September 2023

The lack of current data on the spatial distribution of soil erosion hinders the ability to predict soil erosion on slopes. To address this problem, we present a simple and sensitive soil erosion measurement method called the magnetic layer detection (MLD) method. This method can measure the changes in soil layer thickness (SLT) at a site featuring a pre-buried magnetic layer (ML) using the relationship between magnetic susceptibility and soil thickness, and then use this information to determine the erosion or accumulation at that point. To verify the adaptability and accuracy of this method, we designed three field tests. First, we conducted a simulated sediment siltation experiment using the erosion pin (EP) method as the control. This experiment demonstrated the accuracy of the MLD method for measuring SLT (Rad2 = 0.97, NSE = 88.14%, and RMSE = 1.17 mm). Next, a simulated rainfall experiment with the runoff plot (RP) method as a control was used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the MLD method under water erosion. The results demonstrated that this method can reliably estimate soil erosion on both bare plots (Rad2 = 0.83, NSE = 71.78%, and RMSE = 0.56 mm) and sparse grass plots (Rad2 = 0.90, NSE = 81.77%, and RMSE = 0.25 mm), with performance that is better than that of the traditional EP method. Finally, a soil scouring experiment, again with the RP method as a control, was designed to verify whether the MLD method could accurately measure the erosion of a slope after the soil was scoured by surface runoff. The MLD method could accurately measure the slope erosion (Rad2 = 0.91, NSE = 89.55%, and RMSE = 0.42 mm), with results superior to those of the traditional EP method. The MLD method’s results were similar to those from the laser scanner (LS) method, but more accurate and with less associated cost and data processing time. Therefore, the MLD method has potential as a reliable measurement method that can provide useful guidance for elucidating the spatial distribution of soil erosion and predicting slope soil erosion. This approach could be used to obtain raw data to quantify soil erosion on the Loess Plateau of China and beyond.
Tangential gunshot wound to the head
Authors: Al-baidar Ruqayah A. , Ismail Mustafa , Elamin Osman , Ahmed Mustafa K. , Abdulsada Alkawthar M. , Neamah Ali M. , Al-Khafaji Aktham O. , Hoz Samer S. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Tangential gunshot wounds (TGSW) to the head is the high-velocity bullet that does not penetrate the cranium but passes through the tissue adjoining the cranial cavity, creating a “gutter” wound and indirectly causing cerebral injury. This article presents a reporting case of TGSW to the head, discusses the mechanism underlying this traumatic injury and the possible complications resulting from it, and reviews of literature.
Case description. A thirteen-year-old schoolboy was admitted to the emergency department (ER) of the neurosurgery teaching hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, with a tangential gunshot to the head of an unknown source during civilian protests in Baghdad. In addition to a seizure attack in the ER, his Glasgow coma (GCS) scale was 13 initially. The computed tomography showed multiple bilateral brain contusions, interhemispheric haemorrhage, partially depressed fracture of the frontal bone midline, and a Paramedian to the left with a significantly depressed skull fracture. Then, an urgent decompressive craniectomy was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful, with rapid improvement in GCS of 15 one hour after surgery. On the six-month follow-up, the patient reported no further attacks of seizure.
Conclusion. TGSWs are associated with good GCS and favourable prognosis in most cases unless the patient has been deteriorating or has an associated ICH. Moreover, in our case, the history taking, mechanism of the injury, rapid evolution, and radiological imaging have an essential effect on the outcome.
Endoscopic third ventriculostomy
Authors: Al-Smaysim Ammar M. , Alhayali Waleed K. , Alsaadi Salima B. , Abdulameer Aanab O. , Ismail Mustafa , Hoz Samer S. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is the treatment of choice in obstructive hydrocephalus. It has become the main standard choice in management since 1962. However, there is scant data regarding the complications from clinical or multi-centre trials. This study highlights the specific complications and prevention methods related to ETV in Neurosurgical Teaching Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq.
Methods. It is a prospective case series study conducted on cases in the Neurosurgical Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, from January 2014- October 2019. We selected ninety patients. The sample selection was convenient as any patients admitted in the study period who met the selection criteria were included. All included patients underwent a Computerized Tomography scan or Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the periprocedural management.
Results. Ninety cases have 59 (65.5%) females and 31 (34.5%) males. The most common cause of hydrocephalus is congenital causes (51 cases (56.6%), especially within the first decade of life. Aqueduct stenosis is the leading cause in 37 cases (72%). ETV complications were found in 32 cases (35.5%). The most common cause of complications is congenital cases of 14 (15%). Intraoperative complications include bleeding (mild, moderate, and severe) in 18 cases (20%). Mild bleeding constitutes 15 cases (16.6%) of all complicated cases.
Conclusion. ETV is a standard procedure in the management of obstructive hydrocephalus. The complication rate is found in around one-third of the cases in our study. Surgeons’ selection of indicated patients and better surgical experience decrease the failure rate of ETV and complications.
Understanding patient views and experiences of the IDENTIfication of PALLiative care needs (IDENTI-PALL): a qualitative interview study
Authors: Leach Isabel , Mayland Catriona R , Turner Nicola , Mitchell Sarah 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundPalliative care improves quality of life for people with life-threatening illnesses. There are longstanding inequalities in access to palliative care, with many people never identified as having palliative care needs, particularly frail older people, those with non-malignant disease, and people from ethnic minority backgrounds. Little is known about the process of identification of palliative care needs from a patient perspective.AimTo provide new understanding into patient views and experiences of the process of identification of palliative care needs, and to explore the impact of identification on health care, if any, from a patient perspective.Design and settingA qualitative interview study undertaken with patients and family carers in a major UK city.MethodSemi-structured interviews were carried out with patients (and/or family carers) identified as being on general practice palliative care registers. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted to explore the data.ResultsEleven participants were recruited: eight patients and three family carers. The following three interrelated themes were identified: 1) misconceptions about palliative care and unshared prognostic uncertainty hinder the identification of palliative care needs; 2) a compassionate, timely approach is required for identification of palliative care needs, with or without an identification tool; and 3) identification of palliative care needs is beneficial where it leads to proactive holistic care.ConclusionA compassionate approach, sharing of prognostic uncertainty, and proactive primary care are key to timely, beneficial identification of palliative care needs. Future policy should ensure that identification is an adaptable, personalised process to meet the individual needs of people with advanced serious illnesses.
Some Critical Notes on the First Part of Sēfer Yezīrā
Authors: Gruenwald Ithamar 
Published: September 2023

This paper suggests for the first time a critical analysis of the text of Sēfer Yezīrā. The text on which the present analysis is based is the "Preliminary Critical Edition of Sēfer Yezīrā" published by the present writer in Israel Oriental studies I (1971).
The main conclusions reached in the paper are : The text is divided into two main sections : paragraphs 1-16, which deal with the ten sefīrot ; and paragraphs 17-end, which deal with the twenty-two letters of the alphabet. In both cases, that of the sefīrot and that of the twenty-two letters, the centre of the discussion is the creation of the world and its inner organization in hierarchical paradigms. The work of a late editor, or editors, is clearly discernible in the first part of the book, where elements drawn from the second part are introduced apparently for the purpose of literary harmonization. The analytical approach adopted by the present writer seems to account in a reasonable way for these attempts towards the editorial harmonization of the two parts of the book.
Morteira et Spinoza au carrefour du Socinianisme
Authors: Méchoulan Henry 
Published: September 2023

Le présent article a pour objet de mettre en relief l'importance des liens que Spinoza eut avec le socinianisme afin d'apporter quelques lumières supplémentaires à un problème difficile : la place du Christ dans l'œuvre de Spinoza. Puis nous avons voulu montrer qu'il y eut un dialogue entre Morteira et les sociniens, dialogue relaté par ce rabbin dans son ouvrage manuscrit Providencia de Dios... Dans cette œuvre polémique contre certains aspects du christianisme, et en particulier contre l'ascétisme, Morteira fait une apologie de la joie qui rappelle fortement la conception spinoziste de ce sentiment, et en particulier le scolie de la proposition XLV du livre IV de L· Éthique.
Ainsi, l'orthodoxe rabbin et son disciple hétérodoxe se rencontrent à propos d'un point de doctrine qui est l'un des éléments fondamen¬ taux du judaïsme : la joie.
L'extermination des Juifs d'Europe : Pour une étude historique globale
Authors: Friedländer Saul 
Published: September 2023

Trois décennies après l'extermination massive de six millions de Juifs en Europe, le débat se poursuit sur les causes de ce phénomène : unique dans l'ère nazie, il s'avère inassimilable à d'autres faits contemporains et non identifiable à de précédentes explosions meurtrières dans l'histoire. Toute tentative d'explication généralisante et/ou unicausale (simple manifestation de fascisme, de totalitarisme ; conséquence du processus économique ; effet de l'idéologie régnante) élimine le problème en gommant sa spécificité, ou bien ne met en relief qu'un aspect particulier de la Solution finale. Introduisant une dimension négligée par les analyses précédentes : celle de l'irra¬ tionnel, l'auteur étudie ici le lien entre l'action exterminatrice des Nazis, la réaction (ou l'absence de réaction) des témoins et le com¬ portement des victimes.
La confusion entre le réel et le symbolique est l'une des tendances marquantes du national-socialisme. Aussi la résurgence d'obsessions archaïques trouva-t-elle, en temps de crise, un terrain favorable à son épanouissement et s'allia, pour la Solution finale, à l'emprise bureaucratique et à la technologie de domination et de destruction modernes. Les mythes anciens et nouveaux du Juif contre-idéal de groupe s'harmonisèrent avec les courants néo-romantiques, anti¬ libéraux et anti-marxistes des classes moyennes. Dans ce contexte idéologique, la passivité des témoins fut encouragée par le respect que le Reich sut inspirer jusqu'au milieu de la guerre et par le collaborationnisme masqué en collaboration d'État. Dans l'entre-deux-guerres, le pragmatisme à courte vue d'un grand nombre de Juifs fut, certes, par définition un facteur d'imprévoyance, l'inter¬ nationalisme de quelques-uns exacerba l'antisémitisme en nourrissant le mythe du Juif subversif. Mais le hiatus entre émancipation et acceptation, entre «pays légal » et «pays réel » est véritablement à l'origine des attitudes juives qui semblèrent faciliter le rejet absolu, l'isolement total des Juifs — et leur extermination.
Problemática de la logística de transporte en las PYMEs agrícolas de Antioquia
Authors: Jaramillo Andrea Carolina Higuita , Lasso Julián David Nohava , Cataño Diego Fernando Galviz 
Published: September 2023

El propósito del siguiente trabajo de investigación se fundamenta en realizar un análisis del estado actual del sector agrícola colombiano, centrándose en el Departamento de Antioquia. Partiendo de la idea anterior, se busca llevar a cabo una indagación detallada de la actualidad de este sector, específicamente en lo que respecta a las empresas PYMES de Antioquia en el desarrollo de sus procesos logísticos en materia de transporte terrestre.
Dicho esto, se decidió investigar sobre la problemática planteada debido a la gran relevancia que esta misma tiene sobre el desarrollo económico del país, tanto en el sostenimiento y evolución de las pymes del sector agrícola, como en el incremento de las exportaciones realizadas, aumentando a su vez la competitividad frente a otros países de la región. Se hizo uso de una metodología de tipo cualitativo con enfoque descriptivo y bajo el análisis documental de una serie de referencias consultadas y seleccionadas principalmente de la web de Google académico. Se formuló el objetivo general de analizar la situación actual de las pymes del sector agrícola con respecto a la logística de transporte terrestre en el país; y dos objetivos específicos, describir las condiciones actuales de la infraestructura de transporte terrestre en Colombia, y analizar la correspondencia de la infraestructura vial actual con la capacidad logística de las pymes del sector agrícola de la región antioqueña y su impacto sobre esta última. Con los resultados esperados de esta investigación se pretende dar a conocer cuáles han sido los mayores desafíos o dificultades de las PYMES del sector agrícola de Antioquia al movilizar sus productos, tanto desde el campo hacia las grandes urbes del país, como entre ciudades y puertos del territorio nacional.
Counter electrode dependence of germanium-sensitized thermal cells
Authors: Tamaki Kenta , Matsushita Sachiko 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Semiconductor-sensitized thermal cells (STCs), which generate electricity by converting the photoexcitation of dyes in a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) into thermal excitation in a semiconductor, have attracted attention as a new thermal energy conversion technology. This paper examines the role of the counter electrode (CE) on the STC battery characteristics. The results suggest that, similar to DSSCs, the chemical stability, surface resistance, and electron transfer resistance at the CE/electrolyte interface affect the performance of STCs. The similarities between STCs and DSSCs partly shown in this manuscript indicate that the scientific arguments of DSSCs may be applicable to the STC discussion.
Impact of CeOx layer insertion on ferroelectric properties of Hf-Zr-O films prepared by chemical solution deposition
Authors: Saito Mizuki , Mohit  , Higashimine Ko-ichi , Tokumitsu Eisuke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Multivalent oxide, CeOx has been formed at the top or bottom of the Hf-Zr-O (HZO) layer by chemical solution deposition (CSD) to obtain the ferroelectric properties of the HZO layer. It is shown that the insertion of a thin CeOx layer significantly enhances the ferroelectric properties of the Y-doped HZO layer. It is found by transmission electron microscope observation that a CeOx(12 nm)/Y-HZO(33 nm) layered structure can be clearly fabricated by the CSD process in spite of high temperature crystallization anneal at 800 °C.
A novel nonsense mutation in BBS4 gene identified in a Chinese family with Bardet-Biedl syndrome
Authors: Li Qian , Zhang Yongpeng , Jia Liyun , Peng Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundBardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a genetically heterogeneous disease, and information about BBS in Chinese populations is very limited. The purpose of the present study was to determine the genetic cause of BBS in a Chinese Han family.MethodsClinical data were recorded for the 4-year-old female proband and the available family members. The proband was screened for mutation by Sanger sequencing for a total of 142 exons of the 12 BBS-causing genes (BBS1-BBS12). The variants detected in the proband were further confirmed in the other family members.ResultsWe identified a novel homozygous nonsense mutation (c.70A>T, p.K24X) in theBBS4gene exon 2 in the proband. Such mutant allele was predicted to cause a premature truncation in the N-terminal of the BBS4 protein, and probably induced the nonsense-mediated decay ofBBS4messenger RNAs. The proband's parents and brother were heterozygous for the nonsense mutant allele. It was absent in 50 Chinese control subjects. An additional rare heterozygous missense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) named rs200718870 inBBS10gene was also detected in the proband, her father and her brother. Some manifestations of the proband including atypical retinitis pigmentosa, choroidal sclerosis, high myopia, and early onset of obesity might be associated with this mutation inBBS4gene. The proband's father also reported surgical removal of an extra finger during childhood.ConclusionsThe present study described a novel nonsense mutation inBBS4gene in a Chinese family. This homozygous mutation was predicted to completely abolish the synthesis of the BBS4 protein. We also detected a rare heterozygous missense SNP inBBS10gene in the family, but did not find sufficient evidence to support the triallelic inheritance.
Left atrial appendage morphology in patients with atrial fibrillation in China: implications for stroke risk assessment from a single center study
Authors: Kong Bin , Liu Yu , Hu He , Wang Lei , Fan Yang , Mei Yang , Liu Wanli , Liao Jiafen , Liu Dan , Xing Dong , Huang He 
Published: September 2023

Background
The left atrial appendage (LAA) is thought to be the main source of thrombi in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The purpose of this study was to describe the LAA orifice diameter, LAA length, and morphologic type of the LAA in Chinese patients with AF as well as to evaluate whether these LAA parameters are associated with a history of stroke in patients with AF from a single center in China.

Methods
The study population consisted of 219 consecutive patients with drug-refractory, symptomatic paroxysmal, or persistent AF scheduled to undergo radiofrequency catheter ablation in our single center. All patients underwent extensive clinical assessment and multidetector computed tomography to fully explore the anatomy of the LAA.

Results
Of the 219 patients who underwent catheter ablation procedures, chicken wing LAA morphology was found in 114 patients (52.2%), windsock in 52 (23.9%), cauliflower in 29 (13.0%), and cactus in 24 (10.9%). Compared with the windsock LAA morphology, cactus had a larger left atrial diameter ((42.40±3.68) and (37.91±4.32) mm, P=0.005) and LAA orifice diameter ((27.38±3.70) and (24.14±3.58) mm, P=0.048). The LAA length was significantly larger in the chicken wing morphology than in the windsock ((37.50±6.74) and (31.33±3.92) mm, P=0.015) and cauliflower morphologies ((37.50±6.74) and (31.33±3.92) mm, P=0.015). According to their medical records, 26 patients (11.9%) had suffered a prior stroke. Compared with patients who had no history of stroke, the prior-stroke patients were older (62.04±8.07 and 58.24±9.24, P=0.047) and there were fewer patients with chicken wing (23.1% and 59.1%, P=0.001) and more patients with cauliflower (26.9% and 9.8%, P=0.046). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age (odds ratio (OR) 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.47; P=0.003), non-chicken wing morphology (OR 5.82; 95% CI 1.61–21.03; P=0.007), and LAA orifice diameter (OR 1.25; 95% CI 1.05–1.49; P=0.014) were independent predictors of stroke after adjusting for all parameters that emerged as potential confounders with univariate analysis.

Conclusion
LAA analysis can potentially be used to inform guidance on the implication for stroke risk assessment.
Fast Globally Optimal Catalog Matching using MIQCP
Authors: Feitelberg Jacob , Basu Amitabh , Budavári Tamás 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We propose a novel exact method to solve the probabilistic catalog matching problem faster than previously possible. Our new approach uses mixed integer programming and introduces quadratic constraints to shrink the problem by multiple orders of magnitude. We also provide a method to use a feasible solution to dramatically speed up our algorithm. This gain in performance is dependent on how close to optimal the feasible solution is. Also, we are able to provide good solutions by stopping our mixed integer programming solver early. Using simulated catalogs, we empirically show that our new mixed integer program with quadratic constraints is able to be set up and solved much faster than previous large linear formulations. We also demonstrate our new approach on real-world data from the Hubble Source Catalog. This paper is accompanied by publicly available software to demonstrate the proposed method.
Rapidly Evolving Transients in Archival ZTF Public Alerts
Authors: Li 李 Wenxiong 文雄 , Arcavi Iair , Nakar Ehud , Filippenko Alexei V. , Brink Thomas G. , Zheng WeiKang , Yang 杨 Yi 轶 , Lam Marco C. , Keinan Ido , Brennan Seán J. , Shitrit Noi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We search the archival Zwicky Transient Facility public survey for rapidly evolving transient (RET) candidates based on well-defined criteria between 2018 May and 2021 December. The search yielded 19 bona fide RET candidates, corresponding to a discovery rate of ∼5.2 events per year. Even with a Galactic latitude cut of 20°, eight of the 19 events (∼42%) are Galactic, including one with a light-curve shape closely resembling that of the GW170817 kilonova (KN). An additional event is a nova in M31. Four out of the 19 events (∼21%) are confirmed extragalactic RETs (one confirmed here for the first time) and the origin of six additional events cannot be determined. We did not find any extragalactic events resembling the GW170817 KN, from which we obtain an upper limit on the volumetric rate of GW170817-like KNe of R ≤ 2400 Gpc−3 yr−1 (95% confidence). These results can be used for quantifying contaminants to RET searches in transient alert streams, specifically when searching for KNe independently of gravitational-wave and gamma-ray-burst triggers.