bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Profitability of Smallholder Farmers’ Eucalyptus Woodlot Production System in Wogera District, North Gondar, Ethiopia
Authors: Sete Yordanos , Alemu Asmamaw , Dagnew Abebe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Eucalyptus is one of the most planted genera of trees in the world, has been grown in East Africa for over a century. The area of Eucalyptus plantations has expanded greatly and the species dominates many rural and urban landscapes as it suits the limited resources of smallholder farmers, yields higher income than other tree crops and increasing demand for woodlot products. Smallholder farmers at the study area are converting their crop land to Eucalyptus plantation. Therefore there should need to deal the pushing factors and identify which investment was profitable. This study aims at identifying the factors influencing decision of land allocation for woodlot production, estimating the cash flows and profitability of smallholder Eucalyptus woodlot production, comparing profitability of Eucalyptus woodlots with alternative production systems (crop) and identifying the socioeconomic factors that affect profitability. Cross sectional data was collected through semi-structured interview schedule. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, multiple linear regressions, cost-benefit analysis related to other cereal crops, Faustman model which compute the land expectation value (LEV) and SWOT analysis. The results of the household survey reveal that land degradation and neighbor influence are the main factors for smallholders’ land allocation decision for Eucalyptus plantation. The financial analysis with discounted cash flow shows that the smallholders’ Eucalyptus Woodlot production was more profitable than the alternative crop production. This could be one incentive and driver of crop land conversion to Eucalyptus woodlots. The econometric model also reveals that, age, family size, Eucalyptus plot size, literacy status, livestock holding and contractual agreement are factors that affect profitability significantly. Therefore, the result shows profitability of Eucalyptus at the end of five years is profitable than crop production for five year. Policy should intervene in the separate land management issue (cluster planting) to make aware smallholder farmers to plant either crop or Eucalyptus in appropriate way.
Duration of reproductive period and metabolic syndrome and its components: findings from the Henan Rural Cohort Study in menopausal women
Authors: Du Zhen , Wu Xueyan , Liao Wei , Hu Ze , Yang Jing , Dong Xiaokang , Zhao Hongfei , Liu Xiaotian , Wang Chongjian , Zhao Bing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of duration of reproductive period with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in rural population.
Methods
In all, 14596 menopausal women were enrolled from the Henan Rural Cohort study. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to evaluate the association between duration of reproductive period and MetS and its components (including central obesity, abnormal fasting plasma glucose (FPG), abnormal blood pressure (BP), abnormal triglycerides (TG) and abnormal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). In addition, the mediation and interaction effects were performed by mediation analyses and generalized linear model.
Results
Each year of increase reproductive period correlated with an increased risk of MetS (OR = 1.031; 95% CI = 1.023–1.039; P < 0.05). This association changed slightly after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and remained statistically significant (OR (95% CI): 1.012(1.003, 1.021)). A positive association between duration of reproductive period and central obesity, abnormal FPG, abnormal BP, abnormal TG, and abnormal HDL-C were revealed (all P < 0.05). The relationship with abnormal FPG (OR (95% CI): 1.009(1.000, 1.017)) and abnormal TG (OR (95% CI): 1.013(1.005, 1.021)) were attenuated after adjusting for BMI and remained statistically significant except for central obesity, abnormal BP and abnormal HDL-C. In addition, BMI mediated the relationship between duration of reproductive period and MetS and its components. The significant interaction of high fat diet was found in association between duration of reproductive period and MetS (P interaction = 0.011).
Conclusions
The longer duration of reproductive period might raise a woman's risk of MetS and its components. More importantly, the association was largely mediated by BMI. There is an interaction effect between duration of reproductive period and high fat diet on the risk of MetS.
MF-RISE : Benchmarking for Multifaceted Recommender System Engine
Authors: Mali Mahesh , Mishra Dhirendra , Vijayalakshmi M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The advent of the information age has led tothe availability of overwhelming choices of products to userswhich create need of various Recommendation Systems (RS). Recommendation System belongs to the methods of InformationRetrieval, Data Mining and Machine Learning algorithms. Multifaceted Recommendation System Engine (MF-RISE) helpthe users to get personalized recommendations, helps users to select correct product from wide range of products using userfeedback, ratings and reviews provided by users.
In real-world scenarios, recommenders have many non-functionalrequirements of technical nature and must handle huge amountdata. Evaluation of Multifaceted Recommendation System Enginemust take these issues into account in order to be producemaximum useful recommendations.
The many researchers have proposed a wide range of recommendationsystems algorithms. This study investigates there are threepopular existing types of recommendation systems algorithms, Collaborative Filtering (CF), Content-Based Filtering (CB), andHybrid Recommendation System. The MovieLens dataset with its3 variants was utilized for the purpose of this study. The studiedevaluation methods consider both quantitative and qualitativeaspects of algorithm with many evaluation parameters like meansquared error (MSE), root mean squared error (RMSE), Test Timeand Fit Time are calculated for each recommender algorithmimplementation. The study identifies the gaps and challengesfaced by every recommender algorithm. This study will alsohelp researchers to propose new recommendation algorithms by overcoming identified research gaps and challenges of existing algorithms.
HLA Identical (Related/Unrelated) Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant for Hemoglobinopathies using Pre-transplant Immune Suppression and Post-transplant Cyclophosphamide: Does it Help Consolidate Our Gains?
Authors: Kharya Gaurav , Nirmal Garima , Shankar Ravi , Singh Saksham , Mishra Varsha , Bakane Atish , Sharma Bharti , Joseph Manju , Peters Sherin , Choetso Tsega , Chowdhry Mohit , Yadav Himshikha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Awaiting gene therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is only curative treatment for Transfusion Dependent Thalassemia (TDT)/Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Although conventional myeloablative conditioning (MAB) with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) based graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) prophylaxis in HLA identical donors (related/unrelated) (MSD/MRD/MUD) have shown good outcomes but are associated with increased regimen related toxicity (RRT), acute and chronic GvHD especially with use of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). We hereby report our experience of using (APOLLO protocol) for HLA identical donor HSCT for TDT/SCD. Thirty-two consecutive patients (TDT-16/SCD-16) were enrolled. Fourteen underwent MUD-HSCT whereas 18 received MSD/MRD. GvHD prophylaxis was with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY), sirolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. All tolerated pre-transplant immune-suppression (PTIS) well and proceeded to HSCT. No significant RRT was seen in any of our patients. One patient developed acute grade II/IV GvHD (skin/liver) whereas none of the evaluable patients had chGvHD. Out of 32 evaluable patients at a median follow-up of 249.5 days (range 18–1074), 31 are alive and disease free, making an overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of 96.88 %. APOLLO protocol including PTIS, augmented John Hopkins conditioning and PTCY can safely be extended to HLA identical donors with minimal RRT, acute or chronic GvHD.
AiDHealth: An AI-enabled Digital Health Framework for Connected Health and Personal Health Monitoring
Authors: Memon Mukhtiar , Abbasi Suhni , Rahu Ghulam Ali , Magsi Habibullah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We live in a digitally connected world inspired by state-of-the-art ICT technologies and networks, inasmuch as the use of digital gadgets and apps is exponentially increasing in all domains of life. In parallel, artificial intelligence has evolved as an essential tool in all sorts of applications and systems such as healthcare systems. Healthcare is the key domain where the use of ICT infrastructure, technologies and artificial intelligence are playing a major role in providing connected and personalized digital health experiences. The vision is to provide intelligent and customized digital health solutions and involve the masses in personal health monitoring. This research proposes AiDHealth as an intelligent personal health monitoring framework based on artificial intelligence for healthcare data analytics and connectivity for personal health monitoring. AiDHealth relies on various machine learning and deep learning models for achieving prediction accuracy in healthcare data analytics. The extensive Pima Indian Diabetes (PID) dataset has been used for investigation. The findings of our experiments illustrate the effectiveness and suitability of the suggested MLPD model. AdaBoost classifier performance has the highest accuracy in prediction when calculated to the individual classifiers. The AdaBoost classifier produced the best accuracy i.e., 0.975%. The results reveal improvements to state-of-the-art procedures in the proposed model. Next, we trained the models and produced a 10-fold cross-validation illness risk index for each sample. Our findings suggest a need for greater experiments to compare the above-mentioned machine learning methods. We identified the AdaBoost classifier and Decision Tree classifiers with the best prediction with an average of 0.975% and a work Curve Area (AUC) of 0.994%. Thus, because the design of the AdaBoost classifier is superior, it can forecast the danger of type 2 diabetes more accurately than the existing algorithms and lead to intelligent prevention and control of diabetes.
Magnitude of Visual Impairment and associated factors among primary School Children of Ambo Town, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia,2021
Authors: Legese Nigist , Abdissa Bayisa , Begna Zenabu , Lemma Dereje 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Visual impairment is a functional limitation of the eye(s) or the visual system manifested as reduced visual acuity. Approximately 91 million children are estimated to be visually impaired worldwide and 90% of people with visual impairment have either preventable or treatable cause with cost- effective intervention.
Objectives
To assess the magnitude of visual impairment and associated factors among primary school children of Ambo Town, West Shoa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2021.
Methods
School-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the selected primary school of Ambo town. Simple random sampling was used to select schools and study participants. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Data were entered in to Epidata version 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 23. AOR with 95% CI at p-value < 0.05 in multivariable binary logistic regression analysis factors were identified as having statistically significant association with the visual impairment. The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was used to assess the fitness of the final model and the model is fit at p-value of 0.48.
Results
A total of 838 primary school children were enrolled to the study giving response rate of 93.07%. The magnitude of visual impairment was 69 (8.8%; 95%CI: 6.81–10.79). Refractive error was the main cause of the impairment in 46 (54.76%) students. Grade level of student (AOR = 2.375 95%CI: 1.079–5.226), Mobile exposure (AOR = 2.44 CI: 1.401–5.01), awareness of child eye problem (4.503 95%CI; 2.12–9.55) and family history (AOR = 2.41 95%CI; 1.071–5.42) were variables significantly associated with visual impairment among primary school children of Ambo Town.
Conclusion
Magnitude of visual impairment is high among school children of Ambo primary schools. High grade level, mobile exposure, awareness of child eye problem and family history were variables significantly associated with visual impairment.
Aortic Arch-clamping Technique in Total Arch Replacement and Frozen Elephant Trunk for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection
Authors: Luo Cheng , Jia Bo , Zhong Yongliang , Wang Chuan , Li Chengnan , Qiao Zhiyu , Hu Haiou , Ge Yipeng , Sun Lizhong , Zhu Junming 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVES
Moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest (MHCA) with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) is safe and efficient in total arch replacement and frozen elephant trunk (TAR and FET) for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD). But complications related to hypothermia and ischemia are inevitable. The aortic Arch-clamping technique is performed to elevate the lowest nasopharyngeal temperature to 28℃ and shorten the circulatory arrest time. The aim is to evaluate the efficacy of this new technique.
METHODS
From December 2019 to May 2022, the clinical data of patients with ATAAD who underwent TAR and FET was reviewed, including Arch-clamping in 54 cases and MHCA/SACP in 149 cases.
RESULTS
Circulatory arrest time was significantly decreased in the aortic Arch-clamping group (4.09 ± 1.696 min vs. 23.94 ± 6.738 min, P < 0.001). The composite endpoint was comparable in the two groups (24.1% for Arch-clamping group vs. 28.9% for MHCA/SACP, P = 0.503). In the Arch-clamping group, fewer patients developed high-grade acute kidney injury (AKI) according to a modified RIFLE criterion (14.9% vs. 46.9%, P = 0.022), and the hepatic dysfunction occurrence was decreased (7.4% vs. 22.8%, P = 0.013). Multivariable logistic analysis showed that the Arch-clamping technique is a protective factor for hepatic dysfunction (OR, 0.271; 95% CI, 0.091–0.803; p = 0.019), and Grade II & III AKI (OR, 0.393; 95% CI, 0.164–0.944; p = 0.037).
CONCLUSIONS
Arch-clamping technique shortens the circulatory arrest time significantly in TAR and FET. Available clinical data suggested that it has a certain protective effect on systemic organs and promotes postoperative recovery. Future large-sample studies are warranted to thoroughly examine this new technique.
Mixed chimaerism is associated with poorer long-term failure-free survival among aplastic anaemia patients receiving HLA-matched donor transplantation
Authors: Huang Xiao-Jun , Xu Zheng-Li , Xu Lan-Ping , Zhang Yuan-Yuan , Yifei Cheng , Mo Xiao-Dong , Han Tingting , Wang Feng-Rong , Yan Chen-Hua , Sun Yu-Qian , Chen Yuhong , Tang Fei-Fei , han wei , Wang Yu , Zhang Xiao-hui , Liu Kaiyan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the adverse effects of mixed chimaerism (MC) on survival outcomes and to assess the ability of different factors to predict MC in severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) patients after HLA-matched donor transplantation. A retrospective study was conducted in 103 consecutive SAA patients who received matched related (MRD) or unrelated donor (MUD) transplantation. The cumulative incidences of mixed chimaerism were 17.8 ± 0.2% and 25.0 ± 0.8% in the MRD and MUD cohorts, respectively (P = 0.432). Patients with mixed chimaerism had significantly poorer 10-year failure-free survival (FFS) than those with donor chimaerism (35.0% vs. 87.0%, P < 0.001). A multivariable model identified independent adverse predictors of mixed chimaerism, including patient age and ferritin level at transplantation. The incidences of mixed chimaerism were 62.5%, 30.8% and 5.4% in the high- (2 factors), intermediate- (1 factor) and low-risk (0 factor) groups, respectively (P < 0.001). The corresponding FFS rates were 37.5%, 75.3% and 83.6%, respectively (P = 0.018), at the final follow-up. Therefore, patients with mixed chimaerism suffered poorer long-term FFS, and patients with high-risk scores will be more likely to develop mixed chimaerism. Thus, more intensive conditioning might be recommended for these high-risk patients.
Point of care gastric ultrasound to predict aspiration in patients undergoing urgent endotracheal intubation in the emergency medicine department.
Authors: Asokan Reshma , Bhardwaj Bharat Bhushan , Agrawal Naman , Chauhan Udit , Pillai Aadya , Shankar Takshak , Lalneiruol D. J , Baid Himanshi , Chawang Hannah , Patel Sanket Mukeshkumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background:
One significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation is the aspiration of gastric contents. Its prevalence is more in the emergency than in elective settings. Point-of-care gastric ultrasound (GUS) is a non-invasive bedside ultrasonogram that provides both qualitative and quantitative information about the stomach contents. The diagnostic accuracy of GUS in terms of gastric parameters (measured antral diameters, antral cross-sectional area, and calculated gastric volume) to predict aspiration is yet unknown. We aim to determine this in the patients undergoing urgent emergency intubation (UEI) in the emergency department.
Methodology:
A prospective observational study was conducted at the emergency department of a tertiary healthcare center in India. Patients requiring UEI were identified and a bedside gastric ultrasound was done in the right lateral decubitus position using low frequency curved array probe. The qualitative data and the antral diameters (anteroposterior and craniocaudal) were assessed. The patient's clinical parameters and history regarding the last meal were noted. The cross-sectional area of gastric antrum was calculated using CSA = (AP×CC) π/4. The gastric volume is estimated using Perla's formula: GV = 27.0 + 14.6(RLD CSA) − 1.28(age).
Results:
A hundred patients requiring urgent endotracheal intubation were enrolled in the study. Visible aspiration was more in participants with a distended gastric status (χ2 = 16.880, p = < 0.001). The median gastric volume in the patients who aspirated was 146.37mL, and it ranged from 111.59mL-201.01mL. Using ROC analysis, a cut-off of CC diameter ≥ 2.35cm (sensitivity 88%, specificity 91%) and AP diameter ≥ 5.15cm (sensitivity 88%, specificity 87%) predicts aspiration. A calculated USG CSA cut-off ≥ 9.27cm² (sensitivity 100%, specificity 87%) and an USG gastric volume ≥ 111.594mL (sensitivity 100%, a specificity 92%) predicts aspiration.
Conclusion:
Point-of-care gastric ultrasound is an useful non-invasive bedside tool for risk stratification for aspiration in busy emergency rooms. We present threshold gastric antral parameters that can be used to predict aspiration along with its diagnostic accuracy. This can help the treating ED physician take adequate precautions, decide on intubation techniques and treatment modifications to aid in better patient management.
Exploration of symptom clusters during hemodialysis and symptom network analysis of older maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhou Mingyao , Gu Xiaoxin , Cheng Kangyao , Wang Yin , Zhang Nina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Symptom networks can provide empirical evidence for the development of personalized and precise symptom management strategies. However, few studies have established networks of symptoms experienced by older patients on maintenance hemodialysis. To examine the type of symptom clusters of older maintenance hemodialysis patients during dialysis and construct a symptom network to understand the symptom characteristics of this population.
Methods
The modified Dialysis Symptom Index was used for a cross-sectional survey. Network analysis was used to analyze the symptom network density and node characteristics, and factor analysis was used to examine symptom clusters.
Results
The symptom burdens with the highest scores were dry skin, dry mouth, itching, and trouble staying asleep. Five symptom clusters were obtained from exploratory factor analysis, of which the clusters with the most severe symptom burdens were the gastrointestinal discomfort symptom cluster, sleep disorder symptom cluster, skin discomfort symptom cluster, and mood symptom cluster. Based on centrality markers, it could be seen the feeling nervous and trouble staying asleep had the highest strength, and feeling nervous and feeling irritable had the highest closeness and betweenness.
Conclusions
Hemodialysis patients have a severe symptom burden and multiple symptom clusters. Dry skin, itching, and dry mouth are sentinel symptoms in the network model; feeling nervous, feeling irritable, and trouble staying asleep are core symptoms of patients; feeling nervous and feeling irritable are bridge symptoms in this symptom network model. Clinical staff can formulate precise and efficient symptom management protocols for patients by using the synergistic effects of symptoms in the symptom clusters based on sentinel symptoms, core symptoms, and bridge symptoms.
Assessment of Professional Identity Formation: A Transcultural Validation of the Professional Identity Essay for Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Silveira Gabrielle Leite , Monson Verna , Poço Paula Cristina , Haydar Ahmed , Brenelli Sigisfredo Luis , Succi Fabiana Moreira Passos , Succi Guilherme de Menezes , Martins Milton de Arruda , Tempski Patrícia Zen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Introduction Professional identity formation (PIF) is recognized worldwide as an outcome of medical education grounded in the psychology of adult development and the literature on medical professionalism. However, instruments to assess and support PIF are scarce. The Professional Identity Essay (PIE) is an open-ended question assessment of PIF that elicits short narrative responses from learners and that can be analyzed to provide formative feedback and an overall stage of development. In this study, our aim was to translate and adapt the PIE to Brazilian Portuguese. Methods We followed a systematic procedure for the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the instrument. A pilot study was conducted with medical students from the University of São Paulo. After providing individual formative feedback, we administered an online questionnaire to the Brazilian students to better understand the consequences of using the PIE. Content analyses of qualitative data were performed. Results Students found the instrument’s questions easy to interpret and self-reflective. It also gave students the opportunity to consider their PIF. The PIE was perceived as reliable and brought more awareness of the students’ own processes in addition to a sense of capability to foster their own development. In the same way, the students emphasized the importance of being helped in this process. Conclusion We found sufficient evidence of the validity of the PIE in terms of content, face validity, and consequences of use. The PIE enhances self-assurance in PIF through formative assessment and is sensitive to different cultures, making it a potential tool for educators.