bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sacubitril/valsartan for cardioprotection in breast cancer (MAINSTREAM): design and rationale of the randomized trial
Authors: Tajstra Mateusz , Dyrbuś Maciej , Rutkowski Tomasz , Składowski Krzysztof , Sosnowska‐Pasiarska Barbara , Góźdź Stanisław , Radecka Barbara , Staszewski Marek , Majsnerowska Aleksandra , Myrda Krzysztof , Nowowiejska‐Wiewióra Alicja , Skoczylas Ilona , Rymkiewicz Igor , Niklewski Tomasz , Nowak Jolanta , Przybyłowski Piotr , Gąsior Mariusz , Jarząb Michał 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsIn recent years, survival in patients with breast cancer has increased. Despite the improvement in outcomes of those patients, the risk of treatment‐related cardiotoxicity remains high, and its presence has been associated with a higher risk of treatment termination and thus lower therapeutic efficacy. Prior trials demonstrated that a preventive initiation of heart failure drugs, including the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone inhibitors, might reduce the risk of treatment‐related cardiotoxicity. However, to date, no study investigated the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan, a novel antineurohormonal drug shown to be superior to the previous therapies, in the prevention of cardiotoxicity in patients with early‐stage breast cancer, which is the aim of the trial.Methods and resultsMAINSTREAM is a randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, multicentre, clinical trial. After the run‐in period, a total of 480 patients with early breast cancer undergoing treatment with anthracyclines and/or anti‐human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 drugs will be randomized to the highest tolerated dose of sacubitril/valsartan, being preferably 97/103 mg twice daily or placebo in 1:1 ratio. The patients will be monitored, including routine transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and laboratory biomarker monitoring, for 24 months. The primary endpoint of the trial will be the occurrence of a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction by ≥5% in TTE within 24 months. The key secondary endpoints will be the composite endpoint of death from any cause or hospitalization for heart failure, as well as other imaging, laboratory, and clinical outcomes, including the occurrence of the cancer therapy‐related cardiac dysfunction resulting in the necessity to initiate treatment. The first patients are expected to be recruited in the coming months, and the estimated completion of the study and publication of the results are expected in December 2027, pending recruitment.ConclusionsThe MAINSTREAM trial will determine the efficacy and safety of treatment with sacubitril/valsartan as a prevention of cardiotoxicity in patients with early breast cancer (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT05465031).
Adjoint shape sensitivities of blood flows considering non‐Newtonian properties
Authors: Bletsos Georgios , Kühl Niklas , Rung Thomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article discusses the derivation and numerical implementation of an adjoint system, to the primal Navier–Stokes equations, for the computation of shape sensitivities of ducted blood flows considering non‐Newtonian fluid properties. The ever‐growing advancements in blood flow simulations are, naturally, accompanied by an increased interest in the optimization of related medical devices. In the majority of the computational studies, the Newtonian assumption is used to describe the rheology of blood. While this assumption has been shown to satisfactorily capture the flow when it is governed by high shear rates, it falls short at low shear rates. A rich variety of viscosity models has been proposed to tackle this shortcoming. In this article we show how such models can be incorporated into an adjoint system targeting to produce the shape sensitivity which can be used by a gradient‐based optimization method for the minimization of an objective functional. A general formulation of the adjoint equations is proposed, in which contributions of the non‐Newtonian properties explicitly occur. The numerical implementation is discussed and the validity of the method is assessed by means of numerical experiments of steady blood flows in a 2D stenosed duct, where results are compared against second‐order finite‐difference (FD) studies. The proposed methodology is then applied to CAD‐free, gradient‐based shape optimizations of an idealized 3D arterial bypass‐graft operating at three relevant Reynolds numbers. It is observed that the impact of the adjoint viscosity treatment is amplified in low shear‐rate flow regimes while fades for higher shear‐rates, analogous to its primal counterpart.
Contribution to the improvement of the nutritional and functional properties of bread by incorporating cinnamon powder (Cinnamomum verum)
Authors: Bouatenin Koffi Maïzan Jean‐Paul , Camara Fatoumata , Tohoyessou Yabo Majoie Geroxie , Hermann Coulibaly Wahauwouélé , Boli Zamblé Bi Irié Abel , Ouattara Gniré Abibata , Koussemon Marina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBread is a staple food for billions of households around the world; yet, some of its nutritional value is reduced during the manufacturing process. With this in mind, this work was carried out with the objective of improving the nutritional and functional properties of white bread by using cinnamon in breadmaking in order to contribute to the prevention of certain diseases related to eating habits. Therefore, bread‐making trials by incorporating 0%, 0.5%, and 1% of cinnamon powder were carried out. From then on, the breads produced underwent physicochemical, biochemical, and organoleptic analyses. Thus, the results showed that the biochemical composition of the bread containing 1% cinnamon powder and the bread containing 0.5% cinnamon was 11.96 ± 0.02% and 11.22 ± 0.02% for protein, 1.70 ± 0.01% and 1.41 ± 0.07% for fiber, respectively, compared to 10.76 ± 0.014% protein and 1.36 ± 0.17% fiber for the bread without cinnamon. In terms of phytochemical composition, the bread containing 1% cinnamon powder recorded the highest contents of polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins (551.295 ± 25 μg EAG/g DM, respectively; 53.117 ± 1.36 μg EQ/g DM and 269.837 ± 39.2 μg EC/g DM) compared to the bread containing 0.5% of cinnamon powder and the bread with 1% cinnamon. From the nutritional and phytochemical point of view, the results of this work showed the positive impact of the incorporation of cinnamon powder in wheat flour‐based bread with beneficial properties on the health of consumers.
A predictive model of carer resilience in dementia family caregiving: A structural equation modelling approach
Authors: Leung Phuong , Orrell Martin , Yates Lauren , Orgeta Vasiliki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the mediating effects of quality of the caregiving relationship and other carer and person with dementia variables in predicting carer resilience over time.MethodCarers of people with mild and moderate dementia in community settings completed baseline (n = 176 dyads) and six‐month follow‐up assessments (n = 139 dyads). Causal mediation analysis was conducted using Pearson Correlation and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to examine longitudinal predictors of carer resilience, and the effect of several mediating person with dementia, and carer factors on carer resilience over time.ResultsAt 6‐month follow‐up, higher levels of carer resilience were longitudinally correlated with higher ratings of perceived relationship quality by people with dementia (r = 0.53 p ≤ 0.01), and lower levels of emotional distress symptoms by carer's (r = −0.59 p ≤ 0.01). Mediation analyses showed that people with dementia perspectives of the quality of the caregiving relationship mediated the relationship between carer distress specific to neuropsychiatric symptoms (β = −0.32, p ≤ 0.001) and carer resilience (β = 0.53, p ≤ 0.001) over time. The final SEM provided a good fit for the data (X
2 = 0.12, p = 0.72, CFI = 1.00, NFI = 0.99, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.001).ConclusionHigher ratings of perceived relationship quality by people with dementia, and lower levels of carer emotional distress predicted higher carer resilience at follow‐up. People with dementia perspectives of the quality of the caregiving relationship mediated the relationship between carer distress specific to neuropsychiatric symptoms and carer resilience over time. Our findings indicate that interventions aimed at strengthening the caregiving relationship might have a protective long‐term effect for carer resilience in dementia caregiving.
Hypoxia‐induced tumor exosomes promote angiogenesis through miR‐1825/TSC2/mTOR axis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Capik Ozel , Gumus Rasim , Karatas Omer Faruk 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundOral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is characterized by enhanced angiogenesis resulting in poor prognosis despite improvements in diagnostic/therapeutic techniques. Here, we aimed at investigating potential roles of miR‐1825 enclosed in OSCC‐derived exosomes on angiogenesis under hypoxic conditions.MethodsEffects of miR‐1825 mimic/inhibitor as well as hypoxia‐induced tumor derived exosomes on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were evaluated using cell viability, migration/invasion, tube formation, and spheroid‐based 3D angiogenesis assays.ResultsHypoxic conditions caused significant increase in miR‐1825 levels in OSCC cells and hiTDEs. miR‐1825 alone and within hiTDEs promoted endothelial cell viability, migration, invasion, and angiogenic potential, which is reversed via inhibition of miR‐1825 expression. miR‐1825 within hiTDEs altered the angiogenesis potential of HUVEC cells via deregulation of TSC2/mTOR axis.ConclusionsWe showed that hypoxia led to OSCC‐derived exosome mediated transfer of miR‐1825 to HUVECs and enhanced angiogenesis in OSCC in vitro.
Pharmacological effects of gastrodin: Insight into neurological diseases and mechanism in ferroptosis and pyroptosis
Authors: Zheng Xue , Li Jing , Zhu Zhao‐Qiong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGastrodin, as an effective monomer of gastrodia elata, plays a significant role in anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptosis, and other aspects. As the global aging process continues to intensify, diseases of the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, and immune system have brought serious economic and mental burdens to families and have become a major challenge for global public health resources. Many studies have proved that gastrodin may be a potential drug for neurological diseases and ischemic injury but its mechanism of action is still unclear. [Correction added on 19 February 2025, after first online publication: In the preceding sentence, “the treatment of various systemic diseases” has been corrected to “neurological diseases and ischemic injury” in this version.]. In this study, the pharmacological action of gastrodin and the possible mechanism of regulating ferroptosis and pyroptosis were reviewed to provide a new treatment and research direction for clinicians and researchers.
Integrated environmental health assessment: Proposed approaches to exposure during chemical incidents
Authors: Michele Rasoloharimahefa-Rasamoela , Catherine Bouland 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
An integrated environmental health exposure assessment (IEHA) refers to the integration of human biomonitoring data (HBM) and environmental measurements and aims to optimize the exposure assessment process. Due to lack of data, this approach remains an issue during chemical incidents. This study aims to explore integrated exposure approaches for assessing human health risks during chemical incidents. Based on the Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, a literature analysis was performed. A level of confidence ranging from 1 to 4 was established to define the quality and strength of data used to undertake an IEHA approach. Twenty-seven articles (n = 18) and texts (n = 9) from Europe (41%) and the United States (37%) were analyzed. Among the 18 scientific articles, 61% (n = 11) presented a quantitative approach and 17% (n = 3) presented a qualitative approach. Quantitative approaches must be based on accurate data, coupled with predictive models. Of all the scientific papers, 40% (n = 7) responded to a confidence level greater than or equal to 2. Uncertainties detected through the integrated exposure approaches were related to input data, analytical methods, and HBM reference value interpretations. During chemical incidents, direct measurements were the most relevant data. Few scientific studies have developed an integrated approach during emergency situations. However, when this was used, they presented a high level of confidence by defining levels of exposure that support decision-making processes. Despite the multiple approaches, there was a lack of guidelines allowing an integrated risk assessment to be performed during an emergency chemical exposure. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:481–497. © 2023 SETAC
The policy mix in a monetary union: Who bears the burden of asymmetric shocks' stabilisation?
Authors: Mavrodimitrakis Christos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe utilise a standard reduced‐form neo‐Keynesian model in a monetary union, in which the monetary authority and the fiscal authorities strategically interact, to explore who, under alternative institutional arrangements (strategic and fiscal regimes) and shocks' configurations, bears the burden of asymmetric shocks' stabilisation. We show that in the core/periphery fiscal regime, described by an asymmetry in the sequence of moves between the core and the peripheral member‐states, asymmetric shocks pass through at the union level to the inflation rate and the output gap when there are strategically significant spill‐over effects and the monetary policy's and fiscal policies' instruments are not perfect substitutes in the stabilisation process. The monetary authority reacts to asymmetric shocks, but does not succeed in fully offsetting them. The first best implies the coordination of fiscal policies. A second best embraces the fiscal leadership strategic regime (as a form of implicit coordination), when there are strong interconnections in the union, or the use of policy instruments by the fiscal authorities that directly decrease inflation when fiscal policy is expansionary, such as taxes, production subsidies or public investment, when there is a strong cost channel of monetary policy.
Making sense of uncertainty: An application to the Scandinavian banking sector
Authors: Forsström Viktor , Lind Karl , Sousa Ricardo M. , Uddin Gazi Salah , Jayasekera Ranadeva 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe study the impact of different sources of global, regional and local uncertainty on the seven largest Scandinavian banks over the period 2005–2018. Using a spillover approach and network analysis, we find that Swedish banks are the main source of contagion in the region and spillovers tend to increase in times of heightened uncertainty. Global economic policy uncertainty, global financial uncertainty and local housing market uncertainty affect the Scandinavian banking sector the most. By contrast, geopolitical risk spillovers are limited.
Banking integration and market competition: Evidence from the ASEAN‐6 countries
Authors: Gillet Philippe , Le Phuong , Nguyen Duc Khuong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the effects of banking integration on banking competition in the ASEAN‐6 countries. Using a data set of 3217 bank‐year observations over the period 1996–2018, our main results indicate that: (i) banking openness positively affects banking competition; (ii) the overall degree of balanced (in/out) integration leads to greater market power; and (iii) the increase in the market monopoly following the participation of foreign banks can be reduced by good regulatory policies. These results remain intact when two alternative competition measures are employed and when a polynomial model and a threshold model are used to reveal the non‐linear and heterogeneous effects of banking integration.
Hydraulic performance of the rotational damping sprinkler: Analysis of the force acting on diffuser tooth I
Authors: Pan Xuwei , Jiang Yue , Li Hong , Zhou Xuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractImproving water distribution uniformity is crucial for the development of high‐performance irrigation sprinklers, and the diffuser's tooth length greatly influences water distribution. Five diffusers with varying tooth I lengths were designed and researched. The expressions for the force acting on tooth I, the hydraulic performance of the sprinkler and the combination uniformity were obtained analytically and experimentally. The results showed that the tooth I force is affected by the working pressure, the ratio between the plate outlet area and the riser pipe flow area, tooth width, entry water depth, trajectory angle and tooth I slope surface angle. Moreover, the components of the tooth I force acting in the vertical, radial and circumferential directions increase with the tooth I length and working pressure. The necessary condition for normal diffuser operation is that the force in the aforementioned three directions should be greater than 0.37, 0.57 and 0.28 N, respectively. Furthermore, when the working pressure is increased by 50 kPa, hereby reducing the rotation time by 10 min and the tooth I length by 1 mm, its water distribution and combination uniformity are optimal. This study provides a basis for designing and operating diffusers and improving sprinkler hydraulic performance.
Using Artificial Intelligence to Diagnose Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures on Plain Radiographs
Authors: Shen Li , Gao Chao , Hu Shundong , Kang Dan , Zhang Zhaogang , Xia Dongdong , Xu Yiren , Xiang Shoukui , Zhu Qiong , Xu GeWen , Tang Feng , Yue Hua , Yu Wei , Zhang Zhenlin 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTOsteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in elderly population, and accurate diagnosis is important for improving treatment outcomes. OVF diagnosis suffers from high misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis rates, as well as high workload. Deep learning methods applied to plain radiographs, a simple, fast, and inexpensive examination, might solve this problem. We developed and validated a deep‐learning‐based vertebral fracture diagnostic system using area loss ratio, which assisted a multitasking network to perform skeletal position detection and segmentation and identify and grade vertebral fractures. As the training set and internal validation set, we used 11,397 plain radiographs from six community centers in Shanghai. For the external validation set, 1276 participants were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital (1276 plain radiographs). Radiologists performed all X‐ray images and used the Genant semiquantitative tool for fracture diagnosis and grading as the ground truth data. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were used to evaluate diagnostic performance. The AI_OVF_SH system demonstrated high accuracy and computational speed in skeletal position detection and segmentation. In the internal validation set, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with the AI_OVF_SH model were 97.41%, 84.08%, and 97.25%, respectively, for all fractures. The sensitivity and specificity for moderate fractures were 88.55% and 99.74%, respectively, and for severe fractures, they were 92.30% and 99.92%. In the external validation set, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for all fractures were 96.85%, 83.35%, and 94.70%, respectively. For moderate fractures, the sensitivity and specificity were 85.61% and 99.85%, respectively, and 93.46% and 99.92% for severe fractures. Therefore, the AI_OVF_SH system is an efficient tool to assist radiologists and clinicians to improve the diagnosing of vertebral fractures. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
EP1 receptor: Devil in emperors coat
Authors: Mushtaq Umar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEP1 receptor belongs to prostanoid receptors and is activated by prostaglandin E2. The receptor performs contrasting functions in central nervous system (CNS) and other tissues. Although the receptor is neurotoxic and proapoptotic in CNS, it has also been reported to act in an antiapoptotic manner by modulating cell survival, proliferation, invasion, and migration in different types of cancers. The receptor mediates its neurotoxic effects by increasing cytosolic Ca2+ levels, leading to the activation of its downstream target, protein kinase C, in different neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and epilepsy. Antagonists ONO‐8713, SC51089, and SC51322 against EP1 receptor ameliorate the neurotoxic effect by attenuating the neuroinflammation. The receptor also shows increased expression in different types of cancers and has been found to activate different signaling pathways, which lead to the development, progression, and metastasis of different cancers. The receptor stimulates the cell survival pathway by phosphorylating the AKT and PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) signaling pathways. Although there are limited studies about this receptor and not a single clinical trial has been targeting the EP1 receptor for different neurological disorders or cancer, the receptor is appearing as a potential candidate for therapeutic targets. The aim of this article is to review the recent progress in understanding the pathogenic roles of EP1 receptors in different pathological conditions.
Targeting the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway with combination of Wnt inhibitor and chalcone complexes in lung cancer cells
Authors: Erturk Elif , Onur Omer E. , Aydin Ipek , Akgun Oguzhan , Coskun Demet , Ari Ferda 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNon‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of the lung cancer. Despite development in treatment options in NSCLC, the overall survival ratios is still poor due to epithelial and mesenchymal transition (EMT) feature and associated metastasis event. Thereby there is a need to develop strategy to increase antitumor response against the NSCLC cells by targeting EMT pathway with combination drugs. Niclosamide and chalcone complexes are both affect cancer cell signaling pathways and therefore inhibit the EMT pathway. In this study, it was aimed to increase antitumor response and suppress EMT pathway in NSCLC cells by combining niclosamide and chalcone complexes. SRB cell viability assay was performed to investigate the anticancer activity of drugs. The drugs were tested on both NSCLC cells (A549 and H1299) and normal lung bronchial cells (BEAS‐2B). Then the two drugs were combined and their effects on cancer cells were evaluated. Fluorescence imaging and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay were performed on treated cells to observe the cell death manner. Wound healing assay, real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blot analysis were performed to measure EMT pathway activity. Our results showed that niclosamide and chalcone complexes combination kill cancer cells more than normal lung bronchial cells. Compared to single drug administration, the combination of both drugs killed NSCLC cells more effectively by increasing apoptotic activity. In addition, the combination of niclosamide and chalcone complexes decreased multidrug resistance and EMT activity by lowering their gene expressions and protein levels. These results showed that niclosamide and chalcone complexes combination could be a new drug combination for the treatment of NSCLC.