bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating shear behaviour of fibreglass rock bolts reinforcing infilled discontinuities for various pretension loads
Authors: Gregor Peter , Mirzaghorbanali Ali , McDougall Kevin , Aziz Naj , Jodeiri Shokri Behshad 
Published: May 2023

In this paper, eight shear tests were carried out utilising a double shear with infilled shear interfaces after determining an appropriate experimental design and modified testing scheme. For this, two rock bolts, 20 and 30 tonnes, were tested with modified double shear testing apparatus at different pretension loads. The infilled test scheme was conducted with 5 mm thick sandy clay infilled shear interfaces. A 40 MPa small aggregate concrete was used for all samples to simulate the host rock. Based on the shear profiles, it was found that all samples followed a three-part failure profile consisting of elastic, strain softening, and failure regions. The results of double shear tests revealed that the 20 tonne rock bolt saw a significant overall decrease of approximately 30% in its failure displacement response as opposed to the 30 tonne samples, which saw a 6% increase. Also, it was concluded that the 30 tonne samples outperformed the 20 tonne rock bolts by up to 30%, irrespective of initial pretension settings. Comparing the physical failure characteristics of the samples found that both the 20 and 30 tonne samples exhibited the same response to increased pretension. As the pretension increased, the angle experienced at the hinge point also increased incrementally.
Propagation of spinors on a noncommutative spacetime: equivalence of the formal and the effective approach
Authors: Dimitrijević Ćirić Marija , Konjik Nikola , Samsarov Andjelo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSome noncommutative (NC) theories posses a certain type of dualities that are implicitly built within their structure. In this paper we establish still another example of this kind, and we do this perturbatively in the first order of the Seiberg–Witten expansion. More precisely, we show that a particular model of noncommutative $$U(1)_{\star } $$

U

(
1
)

⋆

gauge field coupled to a NC scalar field and to a classical geometry of the Reissner–Nordström (RN) type is to a first order in deformation completely equivalent at the level of equations of motion to the commutative U(1) gauge theory coupled to a commutative scalar field and to a classical geometry background, different from the starting RN background. The new (effective) metric is obtained from the RN metric by switching on an additional nonvanishing $$r-\phi $$

r
-
ϕ

component. Using this first order duality between two theories and physical systems they describe, we formulate an effective approach to studying a dynamics of spin $$\frac{1}{2}$$

1
2

fields on the curved background of RN type with an abiding noncommutative structure. As opposed to that, we also investigate in a more formal way a dynamics of spin $$\frac{1}{2}$$

1
2

fields, and we do this perturbatively, within a first order in deformation parameter, by studying a semiclassical theory which describes the NC $$U(1)_{\star } $$

U

(
1
)

⋆

gauge field coupled to NC spin $$\frac{1}{2}$$

1
2

field and also coupled to gravity, which is however treated classically. Upon utilising the Seiberg–Witten (SW) map in order to write the NC spinor and NC gauge fields in terms of their corresponding commutative degrees of freedom, we find that the equation of motion for the fermion field obtained within the formal approach exactly coincides with the equation of motion obtained within the effective approach that utilises first order noncommutative duality. Therefore, linearized equations of motion for a spinor field in SW expansion turn out to be the same as equations of motion in a perturbed metric. We then use these results to analyze the problem of stability of solutions of the equations of motion and the associated issue of superradiance, as related to fermions in RN spacetime with an all-pervasive noncommutative structure.
Entrepreneurial Competencies: An Extended Construct
Authors: Li Zhaoyang , Antoncic Bostjan 
Published: May 2023

When involved in entrepreneurship activities, the competencies of entrepreneurs are made tangible as entrepreneurs interact with their environment. This study focuses on a framework for entrepreneurial competencies. The entrepreneurial competencies held by entrepreneurs are explored from the perspectives of conative, social, and cognitive competencies. The multidimensional construct of entrepreneurial competencies is extended based on these perspectives, past studies, and an empirical study that uses data concerning entrepreneurs in China. This study contributes to science by developing a three-component construct of entrepreneurial competencies that has four elements (cognitive–education, cognitive–experience, conative, and social).
Evaluating the Contribution of Cell Type–Specific Alternative Splicing to Variation in Lipid Levels
Authors: Gawronski Katerina A.B. , Bone William P. , Park YoSon , Pashos Evanthia E. , Wenz Brandon M. , Dudek Max F. , Wang Xiao , Yang Wenli , Rader Daniel J. , Musunuru Kiran , Voight Benjamin F. , Brown Christopher D. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of loci associated with lipid levels. However, the genetic mechanisms underlying most of these loci are not well-understood. Recent work indicates that changes in the abundance of alternatively spliced transcripts contribute to complex trait variation. Consequently, identifying genetic loci that associate with alternative splicing in disease-relevant cell types and determining the degree to which these loci are informative for lipid biology is of broad interest.

Methods:
We analyze gene splicing in 83 sample-matched induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) and hepatocyte-like cell lines (n=166), as well as in an independent collection of primary liver tissues (n=96) to perform discovery of splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTLs).

Results:
We observe that transcript splicing is highly cell type specific, and the genes that are differentially spliced between iPSCs and hepatocyte-like cells are enriched for metabolism pathway annotations. We identify 1384 hepatocyte-like cell sQTLs and 1455 iPSC sQTLs at a false discovery rate of <5% and find that sQTLs are often shared across cell types. To evaluate the contribution of sQTLs to variation in lipid levels, we conduct colocalization analysis using lipid genome-wide association data. We identify 19 lipid-associated loci that colocalize either with an hepatocyte-like cell expression quantitative trait locus or sQTL. Only 2 loci colocalize with both a sQTL and expression quantitative trait locus, indicating that sQTLs contribute information about genome-wide association studies loci that cannot be obtained by analysis of steady-state gene expression alone.

Conclusions:
These results provide an important foundation for future efforts that use iPSC and iPSC-derived cells to evaluate genetic mechanisms influencing both cardiovascular disease risk and complex traits in general.
Variation in Carotid Artery Stenosis Measurements Among Facilities Seeking Carotid Stenting Facility Accreditation
Authors: Jareczek Francis J. , Farrell Mary Beth , Lehman Erik B. , Sila Cathy , Terry John B. , Sacks David , Kalapos Paul , Simon Scott D. , Cockroft Kevin M. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Based on the inclusion criteria of clinical trials, the degree of cervical carotid artery stenosis is often used as an indication for stent placement in the setting of extracranial carotid atherosclerotic disease. However, the rigor and consistency with which stenosis is measured outside of clinical trials are unclear. In an agreement study using a cross-sectional sample, we compared the percent stenosis as measured by real-world physician operators to that measured by independent expert reviewers.

Methods:
As part of the carotid stenting facility accreditation review, images were obtained from 68 cases of patients who underwent carotid stent placement. Data collected included demographics, stroke severity measures, and the documented degree of stenosis, termed operator-reported stenosis (ORS), by 34 operators from 14 clinical sites. The ORS was compared with reviewer-measured stenosis (RMS) as assessed by 5 clinicians experienced in treating carotid artery disease.

Results:

The median ORS was 90.0% (interquartile range, 80.0%–90.0%) versus a median RMS of 61.1% (interquartile range, 49.8%–73.6%), with a median difference of 21.8% (interquartile range, 13.7%–34.4%),
P
<0.001. The median difference in ORS and RMS for asymptomatic versus symptomatic patients was not statistically different (24.6% versus 19.6%;
P
=0.406). The median difference between ORS and RMS for facilities granted initial accreditation was smaller compared with facilities whose accreditation was delayed (17.9% versus 25.5%,
P
=0.035). The intraclass correlation between ORS and RMS was 0.16, indicating poor agreement. If RMS measurements were used, 72% of symptomatic patients and 10% of asymptomatic patients in the population examined would meet the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services criteria for stent placement.

Conclusions:
Real-world operators tend to overestimate carotid artery stenosis compared with external expert reviewers. Measurements from facilities granted initial accreditation were closer to expert measurements than those from facilities whose accreditation was delayed. Since decisions regarding carotid revascularization are often based on percent stenosis, such measuring discrepancies likely lead to increased procedural utilization.
The Musical Modes of al-Andalus
Authors: Reynolds Dwight F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The 13th-century Tunisian author Aḥmad at-Tīfāšī describes in his work Mutʿat al-asmāʿ fī ʿilm as-samāʿ a system of melodic modes used in al-Andalus. This essay represents a preliminary attempt to situate at-Tīfāšī’s Andalusi modes within the broader historical development of medieval Arab modal systems and to explore their relationship to the modern modes of North Africa commonly referred to as Andalusi. This is, however, primarily an exploration of terminology or nomenclature rather than of the melodic characteristics of the modes themselves, since the sources examined here give little to no information about the internal features of the individual modes.
Consistency in Beliefs and Behaviors of Highly Religious Christian Youth
Authors: Belsterling Ronald G. , Shepson Donald 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With Christian Smith’s consent, research was conducted at a life Conference (Christian & Missionary Alliance’s national youth conference, July 2013) using a modified version of Christian Smith’s and Lisa Pearce’s interview instrument, used in the National Study of Youth & Religion (2002). Approximately two thousand life Conference attendees (close to 400 youth leaders and 1600 students) participated in the research, though this study reports only on the adolescent responses. Frequency measures and multiple regression analyses provide evidence that adolescents’ religiosity appears to be positively associated with pro-social beliefs and behaviors and negatively associated with pop-culture-religiosity (zombies, vampires, good witches, etc.) beliefs. Single items and scales represented the religiosity variable and the associations of these varying measures of religiosity to dependent variables were compared and contrasted. Implications for issues that may need more or less focus in the classroom with future youth leaders will be discussed.
Pulmonary Histopathologic Findings in Pediatric Patients After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: An Autopsy Study
Authors: Cortes-Santiago Nahir , Patel Kalyani R. , Wu Hao , Sartain Sarah E. , Bhar Saleh , Silva-Carmona Manuel , Pogoriler Jennifer 
Published: May 2023

Background: Pathologic characterization of pulmonary complications following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is limited. We describe lung findings in pediatric patients who died following HSCT and attempt to identify potential clinical associations. Methods: Pathology databases at Texas Children’s Hospital and the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia were queried (2013-2018 CHOP and 2017-2018 TCH). Electronic medical records and slides were reviewed. Results: Among 29 patients, 19 received HSCT for hematologic malignancy, 8 for non-malignant hematologic disorders, and 2 for metastatic solid tumors. Twenty-five patients (86%) showed 1 or more patterns of acute and organizing lung injury. Sixty-two percent had microvascular sclerosis, with venous involvement noted in most cases and not correlating with clinical history of pulmonary hypertension, clinical transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy, irradiation, or graft-versus-host disease. Features suggestive of graft-versus-host-disease were uncommon: 6 patients had lymphocytic bronchiolitis, and only 2 patients had evidence of bronchiolitis obliterans (both clinically unexpected), both with a mismatched unrelated donor transplant. Conclusions: Acute and subacute alveolar injury (diffuse alveolar damage or organizing pneumonia) is common in pediatric patients who died following HSCT and is difficult to assign to a specific etiology. Microvascular sclerosis was frequent and did not correlate with a single distinct clinical feature.
The size and composition of haplotype reference panels impact the accuracy of imputation from low-pass sequencing in cattle
Authors: Lloret-Villas Audald , Pausch Hubert , Leonard Alexander S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Low-pass sequencing followed by sequence variant genotype imputation is an alternative to the routine microarray-based genotyping in cattle. However, the impact of haplotype reference panels and their interplay with the coverage of low-pass whole-genome sequencing data have not been sufficiently explored in typical livestock settings where only a small number of reference samples is available.

Methods
Sequence variant genotyping accuracy was compared between two variant callers, GATK and DeepVariant, in 50 Brown Swiss cattle with sequencing coverages ranging from 4- to 63-fold. Haplotype reference panels of varying sizes and composition were built with DeepVariant based on 501 individuals from nine breeds. High-coverage sequence data for 24 Brown Swiss cattle were downsampled to between 0.01- and 4-fold to mimic low-pass sequencing. GLIMPSE was used to infer sequence variant genotypes from the low-pass sequencing data using different haplotype reference panels. The accuracy of the sequence variant genotypes that were inferred from low-pass sequencing data was compared with sequence variant genotypes called from high-coverage data.

Results
DeepVariant was used to establish bovine haplotype reference panels because it outperformed GATK in all evaluations. Within-breed haplotype reference panels were more accurate and efficient to impute sequence variant genotypes from low-pass sequencing than equally-sized multibreed haplotype reference panels for all target sample coverages and allele frequencies. F1 scores greater than 0.9, which indicate high harmonic means of recall and precision of called genotypes, were achieved with 0.25-fold sequencing coverage when large breed-specific haplotype reference panels (n = 150) were used. In absence of such large within-breed haplotype panels, variant genotyping accuracy from low-pass sequencing could be increased either by adding non-related samples to the haplotype reference panel or by increasing the coverage of the low-pass sequencing data. Sequence variant genotyping from low-pass sequencing was substantially less accurate when the reference panel lacked individuals from the target breed.

Conclusions
Variant genotyping is more accurate with DeepVariant than GATK. DeepVariant is therefore suitable to establish bovine haplotype reference panels. Medium-sized breed-specific haplotype reference panels and large multibreed haplotype reference panels enable accurate imputation of low-pass sequencing data in a typical cattle breed.
Genome-wide identification of Brassicaceae histone modification genes and their responses to abiotic stresses in allotetraploid rapeseed
Authors: Hu Lin-Lin , Zheng Li-Wei , Zhu Xin-Lei , Ma Sheng-Jie , Zhang Kai-Yan , Hua Ying-Peng , Huang Jin-Yong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Histone modification is an important epigenetic regulatory mechanism and essential for stress adaptation in plants. However, systematic analysis of histone modification genes (HMs) in Brassicaceae species is lacking, and their roles in response to abiotic stress have not yet been identified.

Results
In this study, we identified 102 AtHMs, 280 BnaHMs, 251 BcHMs, 251 BjHMs, 144 BnHMs, 155 BoHMs, 137 BrHMs, 122 CrHMs, and 356 CsHMs in nine Brassicaceae species, respectively. Their chromosomal locations, protein/gene structures, phylogenetic trees, and syntenies were determined. Specific domains were identified in several Brassicaceae HMs, indicating an association with diverse functions. Syntenic analysis showed that the expansion of Brassicaceae HMs may be due to segmental and whole-genome duplications. Nine key BnaHMs in allotetraploid rapeseed may be responsible for ammonium, salt, boron, cadmium, nitrate, and potassium stress based on co-expression network analysis. According to weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), 12 BnaHMs were associated with stress adaptation. Among the above genes, BnaPRMT11 simultaneously responded to four different stresses based on differential expression analysis, while BnaSDG46, BnaHDT10, and BnaHDA1 participated in five stresses. BnaSDG46 was also involved in four different stresses based on WGCNA, while BnaSDG10 and BnaJMJ58 were differentially expressed in response to six different stresses. In summary, six candidate genes for stress resistance (BnaPRMT11, BnaSDG46, BnaSDG10, BnaJMJ58, BnaHDT10, and BnaHDA1) were identified.

Conclusions
Taken together, these findings help clarify the biological roles of Brassicaceae HMs. The identified candidate genes provide an important reference for the potential development of stress-tolerant oilseed plants.
A positive feedback loop between ID3 and PPARγ via DNA damage repair regulates the efficacy of radiotherapy for rectal cancer
Authors: Huang Chuanzhong , Wang Ling , Chen Huijing , Fu Wankai , Shao Lingdong , Zhou Dongmei , Wu Junxin , Ye Yunbin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To study the effect of inhibitor of differentiation 3 (ID3) on radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer and to explore its primary mechanism.

Methods
Cell proliferation and clonogenic assays were used to study the relationship between ID3 and radiosensitivity. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence were performed to analyze the possible mechanism of ID3 in the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer. At the same time, a xenograft tumor model of HCT116 cells in nude mice was established to study the effect of irradiation on the tumorigenesis of ID3 knockdown colorectal cancer cells in vivo. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the relationship between ID3 expression and the efficacy of radiotherapy in 46 patients with rectal cancer.

Results
Proliferation and clonogenic assays revealed that the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells decreased with ID3 depletion through p53–independent pathway. With the decrease in ID3 expression, MDC1 was downregulated. Furthermore, the expression of ID3, MDC1, and γH2AX increased and formed foci after irradiation. ID3 interacted with PPARγ and form a positive feedback loop to enhance the effect of ID3 on the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer. Irradiation tests in nude mice also confirmed that HCT116 cells with ID3 knockdown were more affected by irradiation. Immunohistochemical study showed that rectal cancer patients with low expression of ID3 had better radiotherapy efficacy.

Conclusions
ID3 and PPARγ influence the radiosensitivity of colorectal cancer cells by interacting with MDC1 to form a positive feedback loop that promotes DNA damage repair. Patients with low expression of ID3 who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy can obtain a better curative effect.
Effect of elevated irrigation bottle height during cataract surgery on corneal endothelial cells in porcine eyes
Authors: Wenzel Daniel A. , Schultheiss Constanze , Druchkiv Vasyl , Hellwinkel Olaf J. C. , Spitzer Martin S. , Schultheiss Maximilian , Casagrande Maria , Steinhorst Nils Alexander 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Cataract surgery induces corneal endothelial cell loss (ECL). This study investigates the relationship between bottle height (BH) and ECL induced due to irrigation and aspiration (I/A) in cataract surgery and quantifies protective effects of intraoperatively used ophthalmic viscoelastic substances.

Methods
Intermittent I/A without phacoemulsification was performed in porcine eyes for 10 min with varying BHs of 100 cm (BH100), 125 cm (BH125), 150 cm (BH150) or no treatment (control, no I/A). Additionally, in one group a dispersive ophthalmic viscoelastic substance was injected into the anterior eye chamber before treatment with I/A at a BH of 150 cm (BH150 + V). After exposure of the corneal endothelium to I/A, the corneas were prepared to split corneal buttons on day 0 and cultivated for 15 days. Endothelial cell density (ECD) was analyzed blinded on days 1, 8 and 15.

Results
Relative ECL significantly correlated with irrigation BH (control (n = 13): -9.69 ± 6.03% (average ± standard deviation); BH100 (n = 12): -9.69 ± 4.81%—p = 1.000; BH125 (n = 14): -19.44 ± 7.30% – p < 0.001; BH150 (n = 13): -21.99 ± 6.70%—p < 0.001). I/A-induced ECL was significantly decreased by the injection of ophthalmic viscoelastic, as BH150 + V (n = 14; -10.92 ± 4.09%—p = 1.000) showed a cell loss comparable to the control group.

Conclusions
ECL is altered by I/A BH and reduced when viscoelastic substances are used.