bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between body mass index and postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean delivery
Authors: Whitley Julia , Dazelle Wayde , Kripalani Shawn , Ahmadzia Homa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the association between obesity and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) after cesarean delivery (CD). This was a retrospective cohort study using a multicenter database of 20 hospitals in the United States. We analyzed 27,708 patients undergoing CD from 2015 to 2019. The exposure of interest was BMI, and the primary outcome was PPH (estimated blood loss [EBL] ≥ 1000 mL). Simple logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between obesity and intrapartum complications. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for any confounding demographic variables. Hosmer and Lemeshow’s purposeful selection algorithm was adapted to develop a multivariable logistic regression model of PPH. Analyses were conducted using STATA 16.1 (College Station, Texas) with p ≤ 0.05 considered significant. BMI exerted a significant effect on the frequency of PPH (p = 0.004). Compared to patients with BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, patients with BMI between 25 and 59.9 kg/m2 had an increased odds of PPH. The odds of PPH in patients with BMI > 60 kg/m2 was not increased compared to patients with BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2. Obesity was associated with a decreased odds of blood transfusion (aOR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55–0.97). In conclusion, higher BMI was associated with PPH yet a lower odds of transfusion after CD.
The capillary pressure vs. saturation curve for a fractured rock mass: fracture and matrix contributions
Authors: Cardona Alejandro , Liu Qi , Santamarina J. Carlos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe fractal topography of fracture surfaces challenges the upscaling of laboratory test results to the field scale, therefore the study of rock masses often requires numerical experimentation. We generate digital fracture analogues and model invasion percolation to investigate the capillarity-saturation Pc-Sw fracture response to changes in boundary conditions. Results show that aperture is Gaussian-distributed and the coefficient of variation is scale-independent. The aperture contraction during normal stress increments causes higher capillary pressures and steeper Pc-Sw curves, while shear displacement results in invasion anisotropy. The three-parameter van Genutchen model adequately fits the fracture capillary response in all cases; the capillary entry value decreases with fracture size, yet the fracture Pc-Sw curve normalized by the entry value is size-independent. Finally, we combine the fracture and matrix response to infer the rock mass response. Fracture spacing, aperture statistics and matrix porosity determine the rock mass capillarity-saturation Pc-Sw curve. Fractures without gouge control the entry pressure whereas the matrix regulates the residual saturation at high capillary pressure Pc.
Coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging fundus camera
Authors: Zhao Ruixuan , Yang Chengshuai , Smith R. Theodore , Gao Liang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpectral imaging holds great promise for the non-invasive diagnosis of retinal diseases. However, to acquire a spectral datacube, conventional spectral cameras require extensive scanning, leading to a prolonged acquisition. Therefore, they are inapplicable to retinal imaging because of the rapid eye movement. To address this problem, we built a coded aperture snapshot spectral imaging fundus camera, which captures a large-sized spectral datacube in a single exposure. Moreover, to reconstruct a high-resolution image, we developed a robust deep unfolding algorithm using a state-of-the-art spectral transformer in the denoising network. We demonstrated the performance of the system through various experiments, including imaging standard targets, utilizing an eye phantom, and conducting in vivo imaging of the human retina.
Detection of Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolates by isothermal amplification and association of their virulence genes and phylogroups with extraintestinal infection
Authors: Ullah Naeem , Assawakongkarat Thadchaporn , Akeda Yukihiro , Chaichanawongsaroj Nuntaree 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) cause serious human infections due to their virulence and multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles. We characterized 144 ExPEC strains (collected from a tertiary cancer institute) in terms of antimicrobial susceptibility spectrum, ESBL variants, virulence factors (VF) patterns, and Clermont’s phylogroup classification. The developed multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification and thermophilic helicase-dependent amplification (tHDA) assays for blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaSHV, and blaTEM detection, respectively, were validated using PCR-sequencing results. All ESBL-ExPEC isolates carried blaCTX-M genes with following prevalence frequency of variants: blaCTX-M-15 (50.5%) > blaCTX-M-55 (17.9%) > blaCTX-M-27 (16.8%) > blaCTX-M-14 (14.7%). The multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification assay had 100% sensitivity, and specificity for blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaSHV, while tHDA had 86.89% sensitivity, and 100% specificity for blaTEM. The VF genes showed the following prevalence frequency: traT (67.4%) > ompT (52.6%) > iutA (50.5%) > fimH (47.4%) > iha (33.7%) > hlyA (26.3%) > papC (12.6%) > cvaC (3.2%), in ESBL-ExPEC isolates which belonged to phylogroups A (28.4%), B2 (28.4%), and F (22.1%). The distribution of traT, ompT, and hlyA and phylogroup B2 were significantly different (P < 0.05) between ESBL-ExPEC and non-ESBL-ExPEC isolates. Thus, these equipment-free isothermal resistance gene amplification assays contribute to effective treatment and control of virulent ExPEC, especially antimicrobial resistance strains.
Spatio-temporal velocity variations observed during the pre-eruptive episode of La Palma 2021 eruption inferred from ambient noise interferometry
Authors: Cabrera-Pérez Iván , D’Auria Luca , Soubestre Jean , Przeor Monika , Barrancos José , García-Hernández Rubén , Ibáñez Jesús M. , Koulakov Ivan , van Dorth David Martínez , Ortega Víctor , Padilla Germán D. , Sagiya Takeshi , Pérez Nemesio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOn Sept. 19th, 2021, a volcanic eruption began on the island of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain). The pre-eruptive episode was characterized by seismicity and ground deformation that started only 9.5 days before the eruption. In this study, we applied seismic interferometry to the data recorded by six broadband seismic stations, allowing us to estimate velocity variations during the weeks preceding the eruption. About 9.5 days before the eruption, we observed a reduction in the seismic velocities is registered next to the eruptive centers that opened later. Furthermore, this zone overlaps with the epicenters of a cluster of volcano-tectonic earthquakes located at shallow depth (< 4 km) and detached from the main cluster of deeper seismicity. We interpret the decrease in seismic velocities and the occurrence of such a shallow earthquake cluster as the effect of hydrothermal fluid released by the ascending magma batch and reaching the surface faster than the magma itself.
Pan-cancer structurome reveals overrepresentation of beta sandwiches and underrepresentation of alpha helical domains
Authors: Medvedev Kirill E. , Schaeffer R. Dustin , Chen Kenneth S. , Grishin Nick V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe recent progress in the prediction of protein structures marked a historical milestone. AlphaFold predicted 200 million protein models with an accuracy comparable to experimental methods. Protein structures are widely used to understand evolution and to identify potential drug targets for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer. Thus, these recently predicted structures might convey previously unavailable information about cancer biology. Evolutionary classification of protein domains is challenging and different approaches exist. Recently our team presented a classification of domains from human protein models released by AlphaFold. Here we evaluated the pan-cancer structurome, domains from over and under expressed proteins in 21 cancer types, using the broadest levels of the ECOD classification: the architecture (A-groups) and possible homology (X-groups) levels. Our analysis reveals that AlphaFold has greatly increased the three-dimensional structural landscape for proteins that are differentially expressed in these 21 cancer types. We show that beta sandwich domains are significantly overrepresented and alpha helical domains are significantly underrepresented in the majority of cancer types. Our data suggest that the prevalence of the beta sandwiches is due to the high levels of immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin-like domains that arise during tumor development-related inflammation. On the other hand, proteins with exclusively alpha domains are important elements of homeostasis, apoptosis and transmembrane transport. Therefore cancer cells tend to reduce representation of these proteins to promote successful oncogeneses.
Air quality—climate forcing double whammy from domestic firelighters
Authors: Lin Chunshui , Ceburnis Darius , Vaishya Aditya , Trubetskaya Anna , Tan Yue , Wang Tao , Smith William , Johnson Robert , Xu Wei , Monaghan Rory F. D. , O’Dowd Colin , Ovadnevaite Jurgita 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRenewable biomass plays a crucial role in transitioning toward climate-friendly heating sources; however, not without its collateral damage in terms of the disproportionately high effects on local air quality. The associated proliferation of residential heating appliances around the world, including developed regions like Europe, where an estimated 70 million are housed, does not appear to be abating. Here, we identify super self-concentrating ambient pollution events whereby solid-fuel residential heating haze is infused with a hitherto unaccounted for firelighter smoke that contributes additional adsorbing black carbon. This black carbon-organic aerosol combination results in a strong positive radiative forcing (up to 149 W m−2) and alters the boundary layer thermodynamics sufficiently so as to further suppress pollutant dilution and dispersion leading to extraordinary high submicron particulate matter (PM1: 166 µg m−3). Unfortunately, there is no silver lining in this cloud until the promotion of solid biomass fires with firelighters for ignition is replaced by a co-benefit policy.
Mapping disease regulatory circuits at cell-type resolution from single-cell multiomics data
Authors: Chen Xi , Wang Yuan , Cappuccio Antonio , Cheng Wan-Sze , Zamojski Frederique Ruf , Nair Venugopalan D. , Miller Clare M. , Rubenstein Aliza B. , Nudelman German , Tadych Alicja , Theesfeld Chandra L. , Vornholt Alexandria , George Mary-Catherine , Ruffin Felicia , Dagher Michael , Chawla Daniel G. , Soares-Schanoski Alessandra , Spurbeck Rachel R. , Ndhlovu Lishomwa C. , Sebra Robert , Kleinstein Steven H. , Letizia Andrew G. , Ramos Irene , Fowler Vance G. , Woods Christopher W. , Zaslavsky Elena , Troyanskaya Olga G. , Sealfon Stuart C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResolving chromatin-remodeling-linked gene expression changes at cell-type resolution is important for understanding disease states. Here we describe MAGICAL (Multiome Accessibility Gene Integration Calling and Looping), a hierarchical Bayesian approach that leverages paired single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing from different conditions to map disease-associated transcription factors, chromatin sites, and genes as regulatory circuits. By simultaneously modeling signal variation across cells and conditions in both omics data types, MAGICAL achieved high accuracy on circuit inference. We applied MAGICAL to study Staphylococcus aureus sepsis from peripheral blood mononuclear single-cell data that we generated from subjects with bloodstream infection and uninfected controls. MAGICAL identified sepsis-associated regulatory circuits predominantly in CD14 monocytes, known to be activated by bacterial sepsis. We addressed the challenging problem of distinguishing host regulatory circuit responses to methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus infections. Although differential expression analysis failed to show predictive value, MAGICAL identified epigenetic circuit biomarkers that distinguished methicillin-resistant from methicillin-susceptible S. aureus infections.
Longitudinal Examination of Morphosyntactic Skills in Bilingual Children: Spanish and English Standardized Scores
Authors: Castilla-Earls Anny , Ronderos Juliana , Francis David J. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
This study aimed to examine changes in English and Spanish morphosyntactic standardized scores over time in bilingual children.

Method:

One hundred bilingual children participated in this longitudinal study. The average age of the children at the beginning of the study was 5;11 (years;months). A subset of the participants was identified as children with developmental language disorder (DLD,
n
= 43). Children completed behavioral testing in Spanish and English at three time points over a period of 2 years. Growth curve modeling was employed to analyze longitudinal data.

Results:
Distinct patterns of Spanish and English language growth were observed. While the average standard score in English increased, the average score in Spanish decreased over time for both groups. Children with DLD showed persistent language difficulties in both Spanish and English over time in comparison to their peers.

Conclusions:
The results of this study provide evidence of a shift in language proficiency from Spanish to English for bilingual children with and without language disorders. This study also shows that bilingual children with DLD show a protracted but parallel growth in morphosyntactic skills in comparison to children without DLD.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23671464
Identifying Implementation Strategies to Increase Augmentative and Alternative Communication Adoption in Early Childhood Classrooms: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Quinn Emily D. , Kurin Kim , Atkins Kristi L. , Cook Alexandria 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
The goal of this study was to identify promising implementation strategies that may increase teachers' and speech-language pathologists' (SLPs) adoption of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) during routine classroom activities.

Method:

A grounded theory approach was used to collect and code online, semistructured interviews with six special education teachers and 14 SLPs who taught children aged 3–8 years who used AAC in inclusive and self-contained special education classrooms. Interviews were transcribed and coded verbatim using the constant comparative method. During a member checking process, six participants (
n
= 30%) confirmed their transcripts and commented on emerging themes.

Results:
Participants shared a range of implementation strategies to increase AAC use during typical classroom activities, which were organized into seven themes: distribute modern AAC equipment, provide foundational training, share video examples, develop a systematic plan for adoption, deliver practice-based coaching, alter personnel obligations to provide protected time, and connect with professionals. A preliminary thematic map was created to link implementation barriers, strategies, and potential outcomes.

Conclusions:
AAC interventions effective in clinical research can be difficult to translate into routine practice unless investigators directly explore the needs of and demands on educational professionals. Future research should define implementation strategies clearly, solicit feedback from school-personnel, and match implementation strategies to the needs of local schools to support the uptake of AAC interventions in routine classroom settings.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23699757
High expression of centromere protein A and its molecular mechanism and clinical significance in prostate cancer: A study based on data mining and immunohistochemistry
Authors: Jiang Fang‐Cheng , Zhai Gao‐Qiang , Liu Jia‐Lin , Wang Rui‐Gong , Yang Yuan‐Ping , Murugesan Harivignesh , Yu Xiao‐Xiang , Du Xiu‐Fang , He Juan , Feng Zhen‐Bo , Pan Shang Ling , Chen Gang , Li Sheng‐Hua , Huang Zhi‐Guang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe progression of prostate cancer (PCa) leads to poor prognosis. However, the molecular mechanism of PCa is still not completely clear. This study aimed to elucidate the important role of centromere protein A (CENPA) in PCa. Large numbers of bulk RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) data and in‐house immunohistochemistry data were used in analysing the expression level of CENPA in PCa and metastatic PCa (MPCa). Single‐cell RNA‐seq data was used to explore the expression status of CENPA in different prostate subpopulations. Enrichment analysis was employed to detect the function of CENPA in PCa. Clinicopathological parameters analysis was utilised in analysing the clinical value of CENPA. The results showed that CENPA was upregulated in PCa (standardised mean difference [SMD] = 0.83, p = 0.001) and MPCa (SMD = 0.61, p = 0.029). CENPA was overexpressed in prostate cancer stem cells (CSCs) with androgen receptor (AR) negative compared to epithelial cells with AR positive. CENPA may influence the development of PCa through affecting cell cycle. Patients with nodal metastasis had higher expression level of CENPA. And patients with high CENPA expression had poor disease‐free survival. Taken together, Overexpression of CENPA may influence the development of PCa by regulating cell cycle and promoting metastasis.
Energetic particle dynamics in a simplified model of a solar wind magnetic switchback
Authors: Malara F. , Perri S. , Giacalone J. , Zimbardo G. 
Published: July 2023

Context.Recent spacecraft observations in the inner heliosphere have revealed the presence of local Alfvénic reversals of the magnetic field, while the field magnitude remains almost constant. These are called magnetic switchbacks (SBs) and are very common in the plasma environment close to the Sun explored by the Parker Solar Probe satellite.Aims.A simple numerical model of a magnetic field reversal with constant magnitude is used in order to explore the influence of SBs on the propagation of energetic particles within a range of energy typical of solar energetic particles.Methods.We model the reversal as a region of space of adjustable size bounded by two rotational discontinuities. By means of test particle simulations, beams of mono-energetic particles can be injected upstream of the SB with various initial pitch- and gyro-phase angles. In each simulation, the particle energy may also be changed.Results.Particle dynamics is highly affected by the ratio between the particle gyroradius and the size of the SB, with multiple pitch-angle scatterings occurring when the particle gyroradius is of the order of the SB size. Further, particle motion is extremely sensitive to the initial conditions, implying a transition to chaos; for some parameters of the system, a large share of particles is reflected backwards upstream as they interact with the SB. These results could have a profound impact on our understanding of solar energetic particle transport in the inner heliosphere, and therefore possible comparisons with in situ spacecraft data are discussed.
Brown dwarf companions in binaries detected in the 2021 season high-cadence microlensing surveys
Authors: Han Cheongho , Jung Youn Kil , Bond Ian A. , Chung Sun-Ju , Albrow Michael D. , Gould Andrew , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Lee Chung-Uk , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yang Hongjing , Yee Jennifer C. , Zang Weicheng , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Doeon , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Fujii Hirosame , Fukui Akihiko , Hamada Ryusei , Hirao Yuki , Ishitani Silva Stela , Itow Yoshitaka , Kirikawa Rintaro , Koshimoto Naoki , Matsubara Yutaka , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Tomoyoshi Mio , Tristram Paul J. , Vandorou Aikaterini , Yama Hibiki , Yamashita Kansuke 
Published: July 2023

Aims. As a part of the project aiming to build a homogeneous sample of binary-lens (2L1S) events containing brown dwarf (BD) companions, we investigate the 2021 season microlensing data collected by the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) survey.
Methods. For this purpose, we first identified 2L1S events by conducting systematic analyses of anomalous lensing events. We then selected candidate BD companion events by applying the criterion that the mass ratio of the lens components is lower than qth ∼ 0.1.
Results. From this procedure, we find four events including KMT-2021-BLG-0588, KMT-2021-BLG-1110, KMT-2021-BLG-1643, and KMT-2021-BLG-1770, for which the estimated mass ratios are q ∼ 0.10, 0.07, 0.08, and 0.15, respectively. Event KMT-2021-BLG-1770 was selected as a candidate even though the mass ratio is slightly greater than qth because the lens mass expected from the measured short timescale of the event, tE ∼ 7.6 days, is low. From the Bayesian analyses, we estimate that the primary and companion masses are (M1/M⊙,M2/M⊙) = (0.54−0.24+0.31, 0.053−0.023+0.031) for KMT-2021-BLG-0588L, (0.74−0.35+0.27, 0.055−0.026+0.020) for KMT-2021-BLG-1110L, (0.73−0.17+0.24,0.061−0.014+0.020) for KMT-2021-BLG-1643L, and (0.13−0.07+0.18, 0.020−0.011+0.028) for KMT-2021-BLG-1770L. It is estimated that the probabilities that the lens companions are in the BD mass range are 82%, 85%, 91%, and 59% for the individual events. To confirm the BD nature of the lens companions found in this and previous works by directly imaging the lenses from future high-resolution adaptive-optics (AO) followup observations, we provide the lens-source separations expected in 2030, which is the approximate year of the first AO light on 30 m class telescopes.
Effect of PCC on Thrombin Generation among Patients on Factor Xa Inhibitors with Major Bleeding or Needing Urgent Surgery (GAUGE): Design and Rationale
Authors: Shaw Joseph R. , Unachukwu Ubabuko , Cyr Joseph , Siegal Deborah M. , Castellucci Lana A. , Dreden Patrick Van , Dowlatshahi Dar , Buyukdere Hakan , Ramsay Timothy , Carrier Marc 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Direct factor Xa inhibitors (FXaIs) account for most oral anticoagulant use and FXaI-associated bleeding events are common. Clinicians have variable national and regional access to specific FXaI reversal agents such as andexanet alfa. Many centers have adopted the use of prothrombin complex concentrates (PCCs) as hemostatic therapy for FXaI-associated major bleeding events. PCC does not impact circulating FXaI levels and its mechanism of action to achieve hemostasis in FXaI-associated bleeding is uncertain. While PCC increases quantitative thrombin generation assay (TGA) parameters, it does not correct FXaI-altered thrombin generation kinetics, nor does it normalize thrombin generation. Clinical data supporting the use of PCC are based on cohort studies reporting clinical hemostatic efficacy, which is difficult to measure. The benefits of PCC for FXaI-associated bleeding beyond supportive care are uncertain.
Objective GAUGE is a prospective observational study designed to measure the effects of four-factor PCC administration (Octaplex) on TGA parameters among patients with FXaI-associated bleeding or needing urgent surgery.
Methods Laboratory outcomes will include the mean paired change in TGA parameters from pre- to post-PCC administration and the proportion of participants whose post-PCC TGA values fall within a defined reference range. Clinical outcomes will include hemostatic efficacy, thromboembolic complications, and all-cause death at 30 days post-PCC.
Conclusion Development of a viable and universally accessible FXaI bleed management strategy is crucial. GAUGE will provide in vivo data on the effects of PCC among patients with FXaI-associated bleeding.