bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dealloying of an amorphous TiCuRu alloy results in a nanostructured electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Tian Jinsen , Hu Yuanchao , Lu Wenfei , Zhu Jiahua , Liu Xiaodi , Shen Jun , Wang Gang , Schroers Jan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDevelopment of an electrocatalyst that is cheap and has good properties to replace conventional noble metals is important for H2 applications. In this study, dealloying of an amorphous Ti37Cu60Ru3 alloy was performed to prepare a free‐standing nanostructured hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalyst. The effect of dealloying and addition of Ru to TiCu alloys on the microstructure and HER properties under alkaline conditions was investigated. 3 at.% Ru addition in Ti40Cu60 decreases the overpotential to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2 and Tafel slope of the dealloyed samples to 35 and 34 mV dec−1. The improvement of electrocatalytic properties was attributed to the formation of a nanostructure and the modification of the electronic structure of the catalyst. First‐principles calculations based on density function theory indicate that Ru decreases the Gibbs free energy of water dissociation. This work presents a method to prepare an efficient electrocatalyst via dealloying of amorphous alloys.
Handily etching nickel foams into catalyst–substrate fusion self‐stabilized electrodes toward industrial‐level water electrolysis
Authors: Zhu Zexuan , Yang Xiaotian , Liu Jiao , Zhu Mingze , Xu Xiaoyong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe key challenge of industrial water electrolysis is to design catalytic electrodes that can stabilize high current density with low power consumption (i.e., overpotential), while industrial harsh conditions make the balance between electrode activity and stability more difficult. Here, we develop an efficient and durable electrode for water oxidation reaction (WOR), which yields a high current density of 1000 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of only 284 mV in 1 M KOH at 25°C and shows robust stability even in 6 M KOH strong alkali with an elevated temperature up to 80°C. This electrode is fabricated from a cheap nickel foam (NF) substrate through a simple one‐step solution etching method, resulting in the growth of ultrafine phosphorus doped nickel‐iron (oxy)hydroxide [P‐(Ni,Fe)OxHy] nanoparticles embedded into abundant micropores on the surface, featured as a self‐stabilized catalyst–substrate fusion electrode. Such self‐stabilizing effect fastens highly active P‐(Ni,Fe)OxHy species on conductive NF substrates with significant contribution to catalyst fixation and charge transfer, realizing a win–win tactics for WOR activity and durability at high current densities in harsh environments. This work affords a cost‐effective WOR electrode that can well work at large current densities, suggestive of the rational design of catalyst electrodes toward industrial‐scale water electrolysis.
Single‐atomic tungsten‐doped Co3O4 nanosheets for enhanced electrochemical kinetics in lithium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Wang Sangni , Hu Riming , Yuan Ding , Zhang Lei , Wu Chao , Ma Tianyi , Yan Wei , Wang Rui , Liu Liang , Jiang Xuchuan , Liu Hua Kun , Dou Shi Xue , Dou Yuhai , Xu Jiantie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe practical application of lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) is severely hindered by the undesirable shuttling of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) and sluggish redox kinetics of sulfur species. Herein, a series of ultrathin single‐atomic tungsten‐doped Co3O4 (Wx‐Co3O4) nanosheets as catalytic additives in the sulfur cathode for LSBs are rationally designed and synthesized. Benefiting from the enhanced catalytic activity and optimized electronic structure by W doping, the Wx‐Co3O4 not only reduces the shuttling of LiPSs but also decreases the energy barrier of sulfur redox reactions of sulfur species, leading to accelerated electrode kinetic. As a result, LSB cathodes with the use of 5.0 wt% W0.02‐Co3O4 as the electrocatalyst show the high reversible capacities of 1217.0 and 558.6 mAh g−1 at 0.2 and 5.0 C, respectively, and maintain a high reversible capacity of 644.6 mAh g−1 at 1.0 C (1.0 C = 1675 mA g−1) after 500 cycles. With a high sulfur loading of 5.5 mg cm−2 and electrolyte–electrode ratio of 8 μLelectrolyte mgsulfur−1, the 5.0 wt% W0.02‐Co3O4‐based sulfur cathode also retains a high reversible areal capacity of 3.86 mAh cm−2 at 0.1 C after 50 cycles with an initial capacity retention of 84.7%.
Nano‐single‐crystal‐constructed submicron MnCO3 hollow spindles enabled by solid precursor transition combined Ostwald ripening in situ on graphene toward exceptional interfacial and capacitive lithium storage
Authors: Fei Jiamin , Zhao Shiqiang , Bo Xiaoxu , Xie Furong , Li Guanghui , Ahmed Ebrahim‐Alkhalil M. A. , Zhang Qingcheng , Jin Huile , Lin Zhiqun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHollow structuring has been identified as an effective strategy to enhance the cycling stability of electrodes for rechargeable batteries due to the outstanding volume expansion buffering efficiency, which motivates ardent pursuing on the synthetic approaches of hollow materials. Herein, an intriguing route, combining solid precursor transition and Ostwald ripening (SPTOR), is developed to craft nano single‐crystal (SC)‐constructed MnCO3 submicron hollow spindles homogeneously encapsulated in a reduced graphene oxide matrix (MnCO3 SMHSs/rGO). It is noteworthy that the H‐bonding interaction between Mn3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and oxygen‐containing groups on GO promotes uniform anchoring of Mn3O4 NPs on GO, mild reductant ascorbic acid triggers the progressive solid‐to‐solid transition from Mn3O4 NPs to MnCO3 submicron solid spindles (SMSSs) in situ on GO, and the Ostwald ripening process induces the gradual dissolution of interior polycrystals of MnCO3 SMSSs and subsequent recrystallization on surface SCs of MnCO3 SMHSs. Remarkably, MnCO3 SMHSs/rGO delivers a 500th lithium storage capacity of 2023 mAh g−1 at 1000 mA g−1, which is 10 times higher than that of MnCO3 microspheres/rGO fabricated from a conventional Mn2+ salt precursor (202 mAh g−1). The ultrahigh capacity and ultralong lifespan of MnCO3 SMHSs/rGO can be primarily attributed to the superior reaction kinetics and reversibility combined with exceptional interfacial and capacitive lithium storage capability, enabled by the fast ion/electron transfer, large specific surface area, and robust electrode pulverization inhibition efficacy. Moreover, fascinating in‐depth lithium storage reactions of MnCO3 are observed such as the oxidation of Mn2+ in MnCO3 to Mn3+ in charge process after long‐term cycles and the further lithiation of Li2CO3 in discharge process. As such, the SPTOR approach may represent a viable strategy for crafting various hollow functional materials with metastable nanomaterials as precursors.
Defects‐Abundant Ga2O3 Nanobricks Enabled Multifunctional Solid Polymer Electrolyte for Superior Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Huixue , Xu Xijun , Li Fangkun , Zhao Jingwei , Ji Shaomin , Liu Jun , Huo Yanping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolyethylene oxide (PEO)‐based polymer electrolytes with good flexibility and viscoelasticity, low interfacial resistance, and fabricating cost have caught worldwide attention, but their practical application is still hampered by the instability at high voltages and the low ionic conductivity (10−8 to 10−6 S cm−1). Herein, we rationally designed defects‐abundant Ga2O3 nanobricks as multifunctional fillers and constructed a PEO‐based organic‐inorganic electrolyte for lithium metal batteries. Due to the abundant O‐defects feature of Ga2O3 filler, this PEO‐based composite electrolyte not only broadens electrochemical stability window (over 5.3 V versus Li/Li+) but also in situ forms a Li–Ga alloy and solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film during the cycling process causing a rapid diffusion of Li+ ions. The as‐prepared electrolyte has good interface compatibility with Li metal (without short‐circuiting over 500 h at 0.2 mA cm−2) and possesses superior high ionic conductivity. The assembled all‐solid‐state LiFePO4//Li cells attained an excellent cycling performance of 146 mAh g−1 over 100 cycles at 0.5 C. The XPS analysis reveals that Ga2O3 nanobricks can form in situ a Li−Ga alloy layer at the polymer/anode interface. This work shed a light on designing high ionic conductivity lithium alloys in the composite electrolyte, which can improve the electrochemical properties of PEO‐based polymer electrolytes.
Adaptive leaf abnormality segmentation and improved plant disease classification by tuned long short‐term memory with recurrent neural network
Authors: Y. Mallikarjuna Rao , Rao Munagala Surya Bhupal , Veeresh P. , Reddy Y. Narasimha , Raghavendra M. M. 
Published: February 2023

SummaryThe conventional models suffer in providing significant accuracy and detection speed, especially in detecting apple diseases, to assure the healthy development of the apple industry. The main aspect of the proposed scheme is to present a new plant disease classification using intelligent segmentation and classification models. The adaptive leaf abnormality segmentation is enhanced by the solution index‐based Jaya‐Krill Herd optimization (SI‐JKHO). Further, the feature extraction is accomplished using “gray level co‐occurrence matrix, hybrid local binary pattern with local gradient patterns,” color features, and shape features. These collected features are subjected to feature selection using principle component analysis, in which the optimal features are obtained that are further considered to “tuned long short‐term memory with recurrent neural network (T‐LSRNN).” From the validating results, the performance of the enhanced‐JKHO‐LSRNN method is correspondingly secured at 6.66%, 6.66%, 7.86%, and 4.34% higher enriched performance RNN, long short‐term memory, convolutional neural networks, and LSRNN at 35th learning percentage in dataset 3. The results confirm that the developed model can accurately determine plant diseases compared to conventional models based on diverse performance metrics like “accuracy, precision, specificity, sensitivity, false positive rate, and false negative rate,” and so forth.
A Buffalo‐based bi‐directional recurrent paradigm for Indian stock market prediction
Authors: Pattewar Tareek , Jain Dinesh , Kiranmayee B. V. 
Published: February 2023

SummaryEarlier prediction of stock market details is an important factor in finance intersection. Moreover, predicting stock details is difficult as the stock datasets are unstructured and the entities differ based on each application. Hence, the conventional prediction model requires additional features for predicting stock prices. To end these issues, the presented article has focused on developing the novel African Buffalo‐based Bi‐Directional Recurrent Model (ABBRM) to predict stock details efficiently. Once the dataset is collected, preprocessing is performed in the hidden layer of the novel ABBRM. Moreover, the refined data is imported to the classification layer for feature selection and prediction processes. The incorporation of Buffalo fitness has afforded the most satisfactory stock price prediction outcome. Furthermore, the designed procedure is executed in the python environment with appropriate packages. Significant parameters like prediction accuracy, recall, precision, execution time, and error rate verified the projected model's robustness. Moreover, the presented model has attained an average accuracy of 93.5% for the short term and 99.91% for the long term. ABBRM was compared with existing techniques to identify the presented framework's effectiveness and has attained better results than other models. Here, the significance of the novel ABBRM is better prediction, which means the stock features were stored in the Buffalo memory fitness phase; during the execution phases, it helps to attain the exact prediction. Also, the Buffalo algorithm iterations were repeated continuously till a suitable prediction outcome was gained, and better training and testing outcomes were gained by the deep recurrent features in the designed model. Hence, this model is highly suitable for all prediction applications.
Niobium‐ and Tantalum‐Doped Pt‐Sn/Al2O3 as Efficient Catalysts for Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Wang Yi , Luo Pengyang , Xu Zhikang , Xu Renwei , Zhu Haibo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Pt‐Sn/Al2O3 catalyst has been successfully commercialized for propane dehydrogenation, but it is still highly desirable to further improve its catalytic performance for maximizing the utilization efficiency of noble metal Pt. Herein, this work demonstrates that doping Nb and Ta into Pt‐Sn/Al2O3 has great impacts on its structure, and significantly improved catalytic performances are achieved in Pt‐Sn‐X/Al2O3(X=Nb and Ta). It is found that the incorporation of Nb and Ta into Pt‐Sn/Al2O3 can promote the dispersion of Pt‐Sn particles, which results in Pt‐Sn clusters being highly dispersed at the surface of Al2O3. Moreover, the presence of Nb and Ta makes the SnOx species less reducible, and thus the Pt‐Sn particles become more stable at high temperature. Systematic exploration allows to obtain the optimized Pt‐Sn‐Nb5.0/Al2O3 and Pt‐Sn‐Ta1.0/Al2O3, and these two catalysts exhibit high initial propane conversion (above 43.8 % and 50.4 %) with propylene selectivity of above 98 %. Most importantly, they show excellent regeneration in propane dehydrogenation, and their catalytic performance can be completely restored by a simple calcination.
Fundamental study for assessment of surface resistivity based on waveform characteristics of partial discharge
Authors: Kawashima Tomohiro , Hirukawa Taisuke , Yoshikawa Kanta , Murakami Yoshinobu , Hozumi Naohiro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe partial discharge (PD) waveform reflects the evolution process of electron avalanche in the discharge space. The authors expect to estimate the condition of the discharge space based on the PD waveform characteristics. The semi‐conductive sheet was attached to the insulator to simulate the decrease in surface resistance due to deterioration. With the reduction of the surface resistivity, the shoulder appeared on the rising part of the PD waveform and the rise time of the PD waveform became longer. In addition, we simulated the change in the rise time using an equivalent circuit model. The displacement current was calculated from the surface potential distribution estimated by the diffusion equation, and the PD current was simulated by summing up all the current components. As a result, the shoulder was reproduced at the rising part of the PD waveform in the simulation as well. The surface resistance was estimated from the PD waveform by fitting with the experimental results.
Asymmetric Catalytic Approaches Employing α,β‐Unsaturated Imines
Authors: Saha Suman K. , Bera Anupriya , Singh Soniya , Rana Nirmal K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNitrogen‐containing heterocyclic compounds have consistently been a noticeable center of attention due to their significant utilization in the domain of synthetic organic chemistry, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. α,β‐Unsaturated imines or conjugated imines provide a lot of significant cyclic as well as acyclic products through reacting with a versatile family of compounds. This review summarizes the recent advances in enantioselective reactions of α,β‐unsaturated imines by using synthetic methodologies for synthesizing various nitrogen‐containing heterocycles that contain four to six‐membered rings. The synthesis of rarely found seven‐, eight‐ and nine‐membered nitrogen‐containing heterocycles have also been reported.
Carbon constrained economic dispatch of a microgrid system based on different grid pricing strategies considering uncertainty
Authors: Chhual Singh Tapas , Dey Bishwajit , Rao K. Srinivas , Bhattacharyya Biplab 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMicrogrids can be considered a reduced power system network wherein the generation, transmission, and distribution of power occurs within a limited geographical area. They are employed to use the maximum penetration of renewable energy sources (RES). Microgrid also has advantages like reduction of transmission losses and costs pertaining to such losses. The objectives of economic dispatch, emission dispatch, penalty‐factor (PPF) based combined economic emission dispatch (CEED) and environmental constrained economic dispatch (ECED) are evaluated in this paper. A low‐voltage microgrid system for three different scenarios is studied. A novel, robust and powerful hybrid swarm‐intelligence optimization algorithm is used, which is based on amalgamating the features of conventional gray‐wolf optimizer, sine‐cosine and crow search algorithm. Due to the use of RES, the active power production cost and carbon emission of the microgrid system were reduced to approximately 3% for all the objectives. More than 15% reductions in generation costs were obtained throughout the study when the time‐of‐usage electricity market pricing strategy was used instead of the fixed pricing strategy. Also, results show that the ECED methods of economic emission dispatch provided better‐compromised solutions than the PPF‐based CEED method. Finally, non‐parametric statistical analysis is used to analyze and validate the quality of the projected novel technique, which is measured against the outcomes found with algorithms used in the state‐of‐art literature.
Probability weighting in commodity futures markets
Authors: Yuan Jun , Xu Qi , Wang Ying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProbability weighting refers to the behavioral bias in which irrational investors have a propensity to overweigh small probability tail events. In this study, we empirically investigate the asset pricing implications of probability weighting in commodity markets. We find that commodities with a high probability‐weighting value significantly underperform their low‐value pairs by 11% per annum. Neither conventional commodity risk factors nor existing characteristics explain this predictability. The predictability is more pronounced when arbitrage constraints are more binding. Commodities with a high probability‐weighting value also attract excess demand from non‐commercial traders. Collectively, these findings support a prospect theory‐based explanation for the cross‐section of commodity returns.
Molecular basis of RNA recognition by TBP of HIV‐1 from multiple molecular dynamics simulations and energy predictions
Authors: Wang Chao , Chen Lin , Tang Wanxia , Zhao Bing , Wang Ruige 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe frequent outbreaks of the AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) pandemic and the limited availability of anti‐Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) drugs highlight the urgent need to develop new antiviral drugs. A detailed understanding of the interactions between TAR‐Binding Proteins (TBP) and RNA will facilitate the discovery of new anti‐AIDS drugs. In order to characterize and explore the key interactions between RNA and TBP, we focused on the wild type (WT) and three mutant TBPs (TBP6.9, TBP6.7, and TBP6.3) with RNA, multiple molecular dynamics simulation and energy computation were performed. The results showed that 12 key residues played a major role in the interaction between TBP and RNA. The mutated residues of TBP changed the interaction between their surrounding residues and RNA, thus affecting the binding of TBP to RNA. In addition, structural and energy analyses showed that in contrast with WT TBP‐RNA complex, the mutated residues had little effect on the backbone structure of TBP, but changes in the van der Waals interactions and electrostatic interaction associated with the side chains are responsible for the altered the binding between three mutant TBPs and RNA complexes. The discovery of TBP‐RNA recognition mechanism in our work provides some useful insights and new opportunities for the development of anti‐aids drugs.
Suggestive evidence of genetic association of IL23R polymorphisms with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk in the Chinese population
Authors: Zhou Yu , Chen Jie , Bai Fenghua , Mo Rubing , Wu Haihong , Zhang Lei , Zhao Jie , Huang Linhui , Lin Qi , He Chanyi , Lin Linsang , Li Siguang , Xie Tian , Ding Yipeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worldwide public health problem. Previous genetic association studies have identified several susceptibility loci in the interleukin genes that may participate in the nosogenesis of COPD. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between IL23R loci and COPD susceptibility in the Chinese population.MethodsAgena MassARRAY technology was applied to genotype five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL23R gene in 498 COPD patients and 498 healthy people. The association between IL23R SNPs and COPD risk was calculated by logistic regression analysis, with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. The false‐positive report probability analysis was noteworthy for evaluating the significant results. Also, haplotype analysis was performed among IL23R variants, and multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis was performed to assess the SNP‐SNP interactions to predict the risk of COPD.ResultsOverall analysis showed that rs7517847 had a significant association with an increased risk of COPD. Age‐stratified analysis revealed that rs7517847 was significantly related to an increased risk of COPD in people aged over 68 years old. Sex‐stratified analysis illustrated a significant association between rs2295359 and rs7517847 and COPD risk in the female population. The significant association of COPD risk with IL23R SNPs was assessed by false‐positive report probability values. Additionally, we observed that the haplotypes AAC and GGA formed by rs2201841, rs12743974 and rs10889677 were associated with a reduced risk of COPD (p = 0.009, p = 0.026). Also, the five‐loci interaction model formed by rs2295359, rs7517847, rs2201841, rs12743974 and rs10889677 became the best predictor of COPD, with 10/10 cross‐validation consistency and 52.4% testing balance accuracy.ConclusionThe research indicated a remarkable association between IL23R variants and COPD susceptibility in the Chinese population. Larger samples and functional research are required to ascertain the relationship between IL23R variants and COPD susceptibility.
Characterization of the boundedness of generalized fractional integral and maximal operators on Orlicz–Morrey and weak Orlicz–Morrey spaces
Authors: Kawasumi Ryota , Nakai Eiichi , Shi Minglei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe give necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness of generalized fractional integral and maximal operators on Orlicz–Morrey and weak Orlicz–Morrey spaces. To do this, we prove the weak–weak type modular inequality of the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator with respect to the Young function. Orlicz–Morrey spaces contain spaces (), Orlicz spaces, and generalized Morrey spaces as special cases. Hence, we get necessary and sufficient conditions on these function spaces as corollaries.
Transience of symmetric nonlocal Dirichlet forms
Authors: Shiozawa Yuichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe establish transience criteria for symmetric nonlocal Dirichlet forms on in terms of the coefficient growth rates at infinity. Applying these criteria, we find a necessary and sufficient condition for recurrence of Dirichlet forms of symmetric stable‐like with unbounded/degenerate coefficients. This condition indicates that both of the coefficient growth rates of small and big jump parts affect the sample path properties of the associated symmetric jump processes.