bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy optimal 3D flight path planning for unmanned aerial vehicle in urban environments
Authors: Rienecker Hannes , Hildebrand Veit , Pfifer Harald 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a general approach to compute energy optimal flight paths for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in urban environments. To minimize the energy required, the flight path is optimized by exploiting local wind phenomena, i.e., upwind and tailwind areas from the airflow around buildings. A realistic wind field of a model urban environment typical for continental Europe is generated using PALM, a Large Eddy Simulation tool. The calculated wind field feeds into the flight path planning algorithm to minimize the energy required. A specifically tailored A-Star-Algorithm is used to optimize flight trajectories. The approach is demonstrated on a delivery UAV benchmark scenario. Energy optimal flight paths are compared to shortest way trajectories for 12 different scenarios. It is shown that energy can be saved significantly while flying in a city using knowledge of the current wind field.
Evaluation of carbon dioxide supercritical fluid extraction (CO2-SFE) on carotenoids recovery from red yeast cells
Authors: Larocca Vincenzo , Martino Maria , Trupo Mario , Magarelli Rosaria Alessandra , Spagnoletta Anna , Ambrico Alfredo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, the performance of carotenoids extraction from Rhodotorula spp red yeast (strain ELP2022) using supercritical CO2 (CO2-SFE) was compared to the traditional technique with organic solvent. For this purpose, the yeast was cultured in liquid medium, pre-treated with glass beads in 0.1 M NaHCO3, and lyophilized. The extraction by CO2-SFE was carried out using a bench scale equipment at 300, 400, and 500 bar whilst maintaining a constant CO2 flow rate (6 mL/min) and temperature (40 °C) resulting in an average extraction yields of 60.8 ± 1.1, 68.0 ± 1.4, and 67.6 ± 1.4 µg of total carotenoids per g of yeast (dry weight), respectively. Based on these results, three other experiments at 400 bar and a CO2 flow rate of 6 L/min were also performed. In specific, the temperature was increased up to 60 °C, and ethanol as a co-solvent was added at 40 and 60 °C. The results showed that the temperature does not have a significant effect on the extraction of carotenoids. On the contrary, the yields improved significantly in the presence of the co-solvent, and the percentage of recovery reached the mean values of 71.70% ± 1.4 and 73.86% ± 1.9 at 40 and 60 °C, respectively. Furthermore, from chromatographic analysis, four major peaks were observed and identified as torularhodin, torulene, γ-carotene, and β-carotene which represented about 53.4%, 6.4%, 8.3%, and 26.9% of total carotenoids, respectively. Therefore, these promising results show the potential of this green technique for obtaining high-value products, such as carotenoids, from yeasts and therefore avoiding the use of dangerous solvents.
Adsorptive removal of siloxanes from biogas: recent advances in catalyst reusability and water content effect
Authors: Vali Seyed Alireza , Moral-Vico Javier , Font Xavier , Sánchez Antoni 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe valorization of biogas as a renewable energy source faces a major obstacle regarding its purification. Siloxane is one of the impurities that cause problems such as damages to equipment of combustion engines, turbines, and boilers used for biogas conversion to heat and electricity. In this review, adsorption for siloxane removal is widely discussed, with two specific approaches: adsorbents sensitivity to water and regeneration, two essential points for industrial application. Thus, determining factors in adsorbents capacity, reusability, and water tolerance including textural properties, surface functional groups, and hydrophobicity are deeply analyzed. Studies oriented to the optimization of traditional adsorbents such as activated carbon, silica gel, and aluminosilicates as well as newly emerging adsorbents such as metal organic frameworks, graphene oxides, and waste-derived materials are studied in detail in terms of reusability and water tolerance. Although activated carbon is commercially used, its low selectivity, pore blockage due to siloxane polymerization, and unsuccessful regeneration make it disadvantageous. Silica gel, however, shows better reusability as a result of less adsorbent-adsorbate dissociation energy. In addition, aluminosilicates, despite its low adsorption capacity, proved to be more practical for real biogas due to their high hydrophobicity. Graphene oxide cost and energy efficiency in their synthesis make them more industrially appealing candidates despite their low adsorption capacity. Finally, metal organic frameworks demonstrated high selectivity, high adsorption capacity, and more efficient regeneration and therefore have more advantages and less drawbacks, although the number of published studies is still limited.
The use of therapeutic drug monitoring to highlight an over-looked drug-drug interaction leading to imatinib treatment failure
Authors: Gagno Sara , Buonadonna Angela , Dalle Fratte Chiara , Guardascione Michela , Zanchetta Martina , Posocco Bianca , Orleni Marco , Canil Giovanni , Roncato Rossana , Cecchin Erika , Toffoli Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic oral anticancer therapies, are increasingly prescribed and present new challenges including the enhanced risk of overlooked drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Lengthy treatments and patients’ management by different professionals can lead to serious prescribing errors that therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can help identifying thus allowing a more effective and safer treatment of patients with polypharmacy.

Objectives
This report aims to exemplify how an intensified pharmacological approach could help in the clinical monitoring of patients on chronic treatments.

Methods
A patient with gastrointestinal stromal tumor was referred to our clinical pharmacology service due to tumor progression while on imatinib therapy. The investigation was based on TDM, pharmacogenetics, DDI evaluation and Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis. The patient underwent repeated blood samplings to measure imatinib and norimatinib plasma concentrations through a validated LC-MS/MS method. Polymorphisms affecting genes involved in imatinib metabolism and transport were investigated using SNPline PCR Genotyping System. Drug-drug interactions were evaluated though Lexicomp. ctDNA analysis was performed on MiSeq platform.

Results
TDM analysis revealed that the patient was underexposed to imatinib (Cmin = 406 ng/mL; target Cmin = 1100 ng/mL). Subsequent DDI analysis highlighted a dangerous interaction with carbamazepine, via CYP3A4 and P-gp strong induction, omitted at the time of imatinib treatment start. No relevant pharmacogenetic variants were identified and appropriate compliance to treatment was ascertained. ctDNA monitoring was performed to assess potential tumor-related resistance to imatinib. Carbamazepine was cautiously switched to a non-interacting antiepileptic drug, restoting IMA plasma concentration (i.e. Cmin = 4298 ng/mL). The progression of the disease, which in turn led to the patient’s death, was also witnessed by an increasing fraction of ctDNA in plasma.

Conclusion
The active pharmacological monitoring allowed the identification of a dangerous previously over-looked DDI leading to IMA under-exposure. The switch to a different antiepileptic treatment, reversed the effect of DDI, restoring therapeutic IMA plasmatic concentrations.

Graphical abstract
Is Bitcoin gathering dust? An analysis of low-amount Bitcoin transactions
Authors: Loporchio Matteo , Bernasconi Anna , Di Francesco Maesa Damiano , Ricci Laura 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the Bitcoin protocol, dust refers to small amounts of currency that are lower than the fee required to spend them in a transaction. Although “economically irrational”, dust is commonly used for achieving unconventional side effects, rather than exchanging value. For instance, dust might be linked to on-chain services or to malicious activity, such as dust attacks attempting to break users’ pseudonymity. To study this phenomenon, this paper presents an in depth analysis of Bitcoin transactions involving dust, showing how dust is created and consumed. We identify the top dust creators and consumers and discuss how consumption has evolved over time. Finally, we use the data to identify transactions suspected of being part of dust attacks and quantify their impact on address deanonymization. Our results show that dust is mainly related to on-chain betting services. Transactions likely to be part of dust attacks are a minority of dust creating transactions but, despite their relatively low number, they have a disproportionately high effect on helping attackers to break address pseudonymity.
The Association of Hypertension with Increased Mortality Rate During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Update with Meta-analysis
Authors: Al-Qudimat Ahmad R. , Ameen Ayisha , Sabir Doaa M. , Alkharraz Heba , Elaarag Mai , Althani Aisha , Singh Kalpana , Alhimoney Wassim M. , Al-Zoubi Raed M. , Aboumarzouk Omar M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background and Aim
The impact of multiple risk factors on COVID-19 mortality has been previously reported in multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive update on the association between hypertension (HTN) and mortality in patients with COVID-19.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guidelines. A search was achieved using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Databases for research publications on hypertension, COVID-19, and mortality published between December 2019 and August 2022.

Results
A total of 23 observational studies involving 611,522 patients from 5 countries (China, Korea, the UK, Australia, and the USA) were included in our study. The confirmed number of COVID-19 with HTN cases in each study ranged from 5 to 9964. The mortality ranged from 0.17% to 31% in different studies. Pooled results show that the mortality rate of COVID-19 among the included studies ranges from a minimum of 0.39 (95% CI 0.13–1.12) to a maximum of 5.74 (95% CI 3.77–8.74). Out of the 611,522 patients, 3119 died which resulted in an overall mortality prevalence of 0.5%. Subgroup analyses indicated that patients with COVID-19 who have hypertension and male patients had slightly less risk of mortality than female patients [the percentage of men > 50%; OR 1.33: 95% CI (1.01, 1.76); the percentage of men ≤ 50%: OR 2.26; and 95% CI (1.15, 4.48)]. Meta-regression analysis results also showed a statistically significant association between hypertension and COVID-19 mortality.

Conclusion
This systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that hypertension may not be the only risk factor associated with the increased mortality rate during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, a combination of other comorbidities and old age appears to increase the risk of mortality from COVID-19.

Graphical Abstract
Local Data Spaces: Leveraging trusted research environments for secure location-based policy research in the age of coronavirus disease-2019
Authors: Macdonald Jacob L. , Green Mark A. , Gibin Maurizio , Leech Simon , Singleton Alex , Longley Paul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This work explores the use of Trusted Research Environments for the secure analysis of sensitive, record-level data on local coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) inequalities and economic vulnerabilities. The Local Data Spaces (LDS) project was a targeted rapid response and cross-disciplinary collaborative initiative using the Office for National Statistics’ Secure Research Service for localized comparison and analysis of health and economic outcomes over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Embedded researchers worked on co-producing a range of locally focused insights and reports built on secure secondary data and made appropriately open and available to the public and all local stakeholders for wider use. With secure infrastructure and overall data governance practices in place, accredited researchers were able to access a wealth of detailed data and resources to facilitate more targeted local policy analysis. Working with data within such infrastructure as part of a larger research project involved advanced planning and coordination to be efficient. As new and novel granular data resources become securely available (e.g., record-level administrative digital health records or consumer data), a range of local policy insights can be gained across issues of public health or local economic vitality. Many of these new forms of data however often come with a large degree of sensitivity around issues of personal identifiability and how the data is used for public-facing research and require secure and responsible use. Learning to work appropriately with secure data and research environments can open up many avenues for collaboration and analysis.
Sinh-arcsinh-normal distributions to add uncertainty to neural network regression tasks: Applications to tropical cyclone intensity forecasts
Authors: Barnes Elizabeth A. , Barnes Randal J. , DeMaria Mark 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A simple method for adding uncertainty to neural network regression tasks in earth science via estimation of a general probability distribution is described. Specifically, we highlight the sinh-arcsinh-normal distributions as particularly well suited for neural network uncertainty estimation. The methodology supports estimation of heteroscedastic, asymmetric uncertainties by a simple modification of the network output and loss function. Method performance is demonstrated by predicting tropical cyclone intensity forecast uncertainty and by comparing two other common methods for neural network uncertainty quantification (i.e., Bayesian neural networks and Monte Carlo dropout). The simple approach described here is intuitive and applicable when no prior exists and one just wishes to parameterize the output and its uncertainty according to some previously defined family of distributions. The authors believe it will become a powerful, go-to method moving forward.
Perspectives of psychiatric trainees and examiners on the assessment of communication skills during an online clinical examination: a qualitative study
Authors: Usman Memoona , Adamis Dimitrios , McCarthy Geraldine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground:Effective doctor–patient communication is a core competency for healthcare professionals. With the pivot to online clinical education and assessment due to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was a need to explore the views of psychiatric trainees and examiners on assessment of communication skills during online high stakes postgraduate examinations.Methods:The study was designed as descriptive qualitative research. All candidates and examiners of the September and November 2020 sitting of online Basic Specialist Training exam (a clinical Objective Structured Clinical Examination exam completed in the first 4 years of psychiatry training) were invited to participate. The respondents were interviewed by Zoom which was transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed by NVivo20 pro and various themes and subthemes were drawn using Braun and Clarke thematic analysis.Results:A total of seven candidates and seven examiners were interviewed with an average duration of 30 minutes and 25 minutes, respectively. Four main themes emerged: Communication, Screen optimization, Continuation postpandemic and Overall experience. All candidates preferred to continue an online format post pandemic for practical reasons e.g., avoiding travel and overnight stay, while all examiners preferred to go back to in-person Objective Structured Clinical Examination. However, continuation of online Clinical Formulation and Management Examination was agreed by both groups.Conclusion:The participants were largely satisfied with the online examination but did not consider it equal to face-to-face for picking up nonverbal cues. Overall minimal technical issues were reported. These findings may be helpful to modify current psychiatry membership examinations or similar assessments in other countries and specialties.
Extrauterine growth restriction and low energy intake during the early neonatal period of very low birth weight infants are associated with decreased lung function in childhood
Authors: Uberos-Fernández Jose , Ruiz-López Aida , Carrasco-Solis Marta , Fernandez-Marín Elizabeth , Garcia-Cuesta Aida , Campos-Martínez Ana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPremature birth, bronchopulmonary dysplasia or restrictive nutrition in the first weeks of postnatal life may have repercussions on lung development and affect long-term lung function outcomes. This prospective observational study is based on a cohort of 313 very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates, born between 1 January 2008 and 1 December 2016. The daily intake of calories, protein, fat and carbohydrates during the first week of life and evidence of inadequate weight gain (Δwt) until week 36 of gestational age (GA) were recorded. FEV1, FEF25–75 %, forced vital capacity (FVC) and the FEV1/FVC ratio were determined. The relations between these parameters were determined by regression analysis. Spirometric parameters were obtained for 141 children with a mean age of 9 years (95 % CI 7, 11); 69 of them (48·9 %) had presented wheezing episodes on more than three occasions. In addition, 60 (42·5 %) had a history of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Of these, n 40 (66·6 %) had a history of wheezing. Significant association between protein/energy intake in the first week of life and the lung function parameters analysed was observed. Poor Δwt to GA week 36 was significantly associated with decreased mean pulmonary flow. Inadequate protein/energy intake in the first week of life of VLBW newborns and poor Δwt to week 36 of GA is associated with a significant worsening of lung function parameters.
Media Sentiment and Currency Reversals
Authors: Filippou Ilias , Taylor Mark P. , Wang Zigan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnalyzing 48 foreign exchange (FX) rates and 1.2 million FX-related news articles over a 35-year period, using digital textual analysis, we find that a currency reversal investment strategy that buys (sells) currencies with low (high) media sentiment offers strong positive and statistically significant returns and Sharpe ratios. The results are robust and the strategy adds value over other currency premia determinants. Analysts’ forecasts systematically mispredict the reversal strategy. This is the first article to show that price reversals based on media sentiment are a well-defined feature of the FX market.
A review study on the design and control of optimised greenhouse environments
Authors: Chimankare Renuka Vinod , Das Subhra , Kaur Karamjit , Magare Dhiraj 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Greenhouses are inflated structures with transparent covering that are used to grow crops under controlled climatic conditions. Crops are protected from extreme climate-related events by being enclosed. Furthermore, the greenhouse design ratio impacts the temperature and humidity distribution profile uniformity as well as the greenhouse. As a result, by effectively designing the greenhouse structure, building materials, dimensions, and shapes, the cost of cooling management strategies can be reduced. Structures with changed arch shapes showed to be more effective at reducing greenhouse cooling demands in hot areas. To demonstrate the tropical region’s inherent capabilities for generating a proper atmosphere for plant development, the optimal temperature, humidity, light, and PH for greenhouse production of crops were supplied. Greenhouse cooling systems are dominated by local environmental characteristics that have an immediate impact on their indoor climatic conditions. Photovoltaic systems in greenhouses have proven technological capacity in real-world settings in this area. This could increase the energy efficiency of some agrivoltaic greenhouse design options.
From “surviving to thriving”: Mood Lifters – a wellness program for parents of medically complex children
Authors: Dews Aridenne A. , Pokowitz Elena L. , Votta Cecilia M. , Yan Haoyang , Pituch Kenneth , Deldin Patricia J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesParents of medically complex children juggle unique demands associated with caring for chronically ill children, many of which negatively impact their mental wellbeing. Despite this, parents of medically complex children often forgo mental health support due to concerns with costs, time, stigma, and accessibility. There is limited research on evidence-based interventions addressing such barriers for these caregivers. We piloted an adapted version of Mood Lifters, a peer-led wellness program, to equip parents of medically complex children with evidence-based strategies to manage their mental health while also reducing barriers to support. We hypothesized parents would find Mood Lifters to be feasible and acceptable. Further, parents would experience improvements in mental wellbeing upon program completion.MethodsWe conducted a single-arm prospective pilot study to assess Mood Lifters for parents of medically complex children. Participants included 51 parents in the U.S. recruited from a local pediatric hospital providing care for their children. Caregiver mental wellbeing was assessed through validated questionnaires pre-intervention (T1) and post-intervention (T2). Repeated-measures analysis of variance was conducted to evaluate change between T1 and T2.ResultsAnalyses from T1 and T2 (n = 18) revealed improvements in parents’ depression (F(1,17) = 7.691, p = 0.013) and anxiety (F(1,17) = 6.431, p = 0.021) after program completion. Improvements in perceived stress and positive and negative emotion were significant at p < 0.0083.Significance of resultsParents of medically complex children experienced improved mental health upon participating in Mood Lifters. Results offer preliminary support for the feasibility and acceptability of Mood Lifters as an evidence-based care option that may also alleviate common barriers to care.
To (i)B or not to i(B), that is the question: on the differences between Ellis’ REBT and Beck’s CT
Authors: Young P. , Turner M. J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFar from being a monolithic approach to psychotherapy, cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is in fact an umbrella term to describe a family of psychological therapies that share many common features but also have nuanced differences. Of the CBTs, two are often conflated under the ‘CBT’ moniker, namely cognitive therapy (CT) and rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT). In this article, we explore some of the key differences and similarities between CT and REBT, touching on philosophy, practical implementation, and literature. We provide a brief hypothetical case study to demonstrate the different ways a therapist using CT and REBT might tackle the same client problem. We do not declare either approach superior, but suggest each might have their advantages in certain contexts and acknowledge that skilful practitioners could, and often do, integrate both approaches. As CBT continues to evolve and move into new areas, it is important that psychology practitioners and researchers are clear about which specific approach to CBT they are delivering, measuring and/or reporting on.