bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hormone replacement therapy does not increase thrombosis risk following THA: a national database study
Authors: McCormick Brian P. , Sequeira Sean B. , Hasenauer Mark D. , Boucher Henry R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeHormone replacement therapy (HRT) causes a significant increase in the risk of venous thrombosis. The risk of medical and surgery‐related complications among women taking HRT following total hip arthroplasty (THA) is poorly understood, and there are currently no guidelines in place regarding venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in this patient population. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of early medical and surgery‐related complications following THA among women taking HRT.MethodsWomen aged > 40 years of age who underwent primary THA were identified from a retrospective database review. A control group of non‐HRT users was matched using propensity scoring to HRT users. Rates of 90‐day medical complications and 1‐year surgery‐related complications were compared between cohorts using odds ratios. Postoperative anticoagulation regimens were also compared.ResultsThere were 3,936 patients in the HRT cohort who were matched to 39,360 patients not taking HRT. There were no significant differences in rates of DVT (OR 0.94, p = 0.6601) or PE (OR 0.80, p = 0.4102) between cohorts. Patients on HRT were more likely to sustain a dislocation (OR 1.35, p = 0.0269) or undergo revision surgery (OR 1.23, p = 0.0105). HRT patients were more likely to be prescribed warfarin (OR 1.21, p = 0.0001) or enoxaparin (OR 1.18, p = 0.0022) and less likely to be prescribed rivaroxaban (OR 0.62, p < 0.0001) compared to controls.ConclusionsHRT was not found to be an independent risk factor for thromboembolism following THA. Further research is warranted to better delineate the ideal perioperative medical management of HRT users undergoing THA.
Surgical treatment of inferior pole fractures of the patella: a systematic review
Authors: Chang Chih‐Hsun , Shih Chien‐An , Kuan Fa‐Chuan , Hong Chih‐Kai , Su Wei‐Ren , Hsu Kai‐Lan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to comprehensively review the existing evidence concerning surgical treatment of inferior pole fractures of the patella and to report the outcomes and complications of different fixation techniques.MethodThis systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were conducted in March 2023. Studies were screened against predecided inclusion and exclusion criteria. The extracted data included fracture characteristics, surgical techniques, and radiographic and functional outcomes. The Methodological Index for Non‐Randomized Studies (MINORS) quality assessment tool was used to assess the eligible literature. The primary outcome was postoperative range of motion of different surgical methods, and the secondary outcomes were other clinical results and complications.ResultsA total of 42 studies satisfied all the inclusion criteria and were deemed suitable for review. Fourteen case–control studies and 28 case series were selected, for a total of 1382 patients with a mean age of 51.0 years (range = 11–90). The follow‐up period ranged from 6 to 300 months. The surgical techniques were categorized based on the device used as follows: (1) rigid fixation device; (2) tensile fixation device; (3) mixed device; and (4) extra‐patella device.ConclusionRegarding the outcomes following surgical treatment of inferior pole fractures of the patella, the postoperative range of motion (ROM) of each technique ranged from 120° to 135°, with the exception of that involving the patellotibial wire which had poorer outcomes. The lowest functional score was also found in those using the patellotibial wire. Complications after surgery are rare, but approximately half of the patients required additional surgery for implant removal, particularly those whose initial surgery involved rigid fixation devices. It's worth noting that bony fragment excision is no longer recommended, and the combined use of multiple surgical devices is now more common.
Nomogram for preoperative estimation risk of lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma: a multicenter study
Authors: Zhu Jialin , Chang Luchen , Li Dai , Yue Bing , Wei Xueqing , Li Deyi , Wei Xi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) is frequent in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and is associated with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to developed a clinical-ultrasound (Clin-US) nomogram to predict LLNM in patients with PTC.

Methods
In total, 2612 PTC patients from two hospitals (H1: 1732 patients in the training cohort and 578 patients in the internal testing cohort; H2: 302 patients in the external testing cohort) were retrospectively enrolled. The associations between LLNM and preoperative clinical and sonographic characteristics were evaluated by the univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis. The Clin-US nomogram was built basing on multivariate logistic regression analysis. The predicting performance of Clin-US nomogram was evaluated by calibration, discrimination and clinical usefulness.

Results
The age, gender, maximum diameter of tumor (tumor size), tumor position, internal echo, microcalcification, vascularization, mulifocality, and ratio of abutment/perimeter (A/P) > 0.25 were independently associated with LLNM metastatic status. In the multivariate analysis, gender, tumor size, mulifocality, position, microcacification, and A/P > 0.25 were independent correlative factors. Comparing the Clin-US nomogram and US features, Clin-US nomogram had the highest AUC both in the training cohort and testing cohorts. The Clin‑US model revealed good discrimination between PTC with LLNM and without LLNM in the training cohort (AUC = 0.813), internal testing cohort (AUC = 0.815) and external testing cohort (AUC = 0.870).

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that the ClinUS nomogram we newly developed can effectively predict LLNM in PTC patients and could help clinicians choose appropriate surgical procedures.
What are the barriers preventing the screening and management of neonatal hypoglycaemia in low-resource settings, and how can they be overcome?
Authors: Irvine Lauren M , Harris Deborah L 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOver 25 years ago, the World Health Organization (WHO) acknowledged the importance of effective prevention, detection and treatment of neonatal hypoglycaemia, and declared it to be a global priority. Neonatal hypoglycaemia is common, linked to poor neurosensory outcomes and, if untreated, can cause seizures and death. Neonatal mortality in low and lower-middle income countries constitutes an estimated 89% of overall neonatal deaths. Factors contributing to high mortality rates include malnutrition, infectious diseases, poor maternal wellbeing and resource constraints on both equipment and staff, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The incidence of neonatal hypoglycaemia in low and lower-middle income countries remains unclear, as data are not collected.Data from high-resource settings shows that half of all at-risk babies will develop hypoglycaemia, using accepted clinical thresholds for treatment. Most at-risk babies are screened and treated, with treatment aiming to increase blood glucose concentration and, therefore, available cerebral fuel. The introduction of buccal dextrose gel as a first-line treatment for neonatal hypoglycaemia has changed the care of millions of babies and families in high-resource settings. Dextrose gel has now also been shown to prevent neonatal hypoglycaemia.In low and lower-middle income countries, there are considerable barriers to resources which prevent access to reliable blood glucose screening, diagnosis, and treatment, leading to inequitable health outcomes when compared with developed countries. Babies born in low-resource settings do not have access to basic health care and are more likely to suffer from unrecognised neonatal hypoglycaemia, which contributes to the burden of neurosensory delay and death.
High-glutathione mesenchymal stem cells isolated using the FreSHtracer probe enhance cartilage regeneration in a rabbit chondral defect model
Authors: Cho Gun Hee , Bae Hyun Cheol , Cho Won Young , Jeong Eui Man , Park Hee Jung , Yang Ha Ru , Wang Sun Young , Kim You Jung , Shin Dong Myung , Chung Hyung Min , Kim In Gyu , Han Hyuk-Soo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising cell source for cartilage regeneration. However, the function of MSC can vary according to cell culture conditions, donor age, and heterogeneity of the MSC population, resulting in unregulated MSC quality control. To overcome these limitations, we previously developed a fluorescent real-time thiol tracer (FreSHtracer) that monitors cellular levels of glutathione (GSH), which are known to be closely associated with stem cell function. In this study, we investigated whether using FreSHtracer could selectively separate high-functioning MSCs based on GSH levels and evaluated the chondrogenic potential of MSCs with high GSH levels to repair cartilage defects in vivo.

Methods
Flow cytometry was conducted on FreSHtracer-loaded MSCs to select cells according to their GSH levels. To determine the function of FreSHtracer-isolated MSCs, mRNA expression, migration, and CFU assays were conducted. The MSCs underwent chondrogenic differentiation, followed by analysis of chondrogenic-related gene expression. For in vivo assessment, MSCs with different cellular GSH levels or cell culture densities were injected in a rabbit chondral defect model, followed by histological analysis of cartilage-regenerated defect sites.

Results
FreSHtracer successfully isolated MSCs according to GSH levels. MSCs with high cellular GSH levels showed enhanced MSC function, including stem cell marker mRNA expression, migration, CFU, and oxidant resistance. Regardless of the stem cell tissue source, FreSHtracer selectively isolated MSCs with high GSH levels and high functionality. The in vitro chondrogenic potential was the highest in pellets generated by MSCs with high GSH levels, with increased ECM formation and chondrogenic marker expression. Furthermore, the MSCs’ function was dependent on cell culture conditions, with relatively higher cell culture densities resulting in higher GSH levels. In vivo, improved cartilage repair was achieved by articular injection of MSCs with high levels of cellular GSH and MSCs cultured under high-density conditions, as confirmed by Collagen type 2 IHC, Safranin-O staining and O’Driscoll scores showing that more hyaline cartilage was formed on the defects.

Conclusion
FreSHtracer selectively isolates highly functional MSCs that have enhanced in vitro chondrogenesis and in vivo hyaline cartilage regeneration, which can ultimately overcome the current limitations of MSC therapy.

Graphical Abstract
Effects of common fertilizers on the soil ecosystem
Authors: Frattini Natalia , Pulido Carrasquero Alcibeth , Pronsato Lucía , Milanesi Lorena , Vasconsuelo Andrea 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The importance of this study lies in showing how certain usual practices of farmers such as burying stubble to fertilize soils or the routine use of fertilizers, affect soil quality. This is due to the effect that these practices have on the soil ecosystem. This study aims to reveal the importance of including bioindicators in soil analysis, showing how these activities negatively affect the soil ecosystem, which is responsible for maintaining soil quality.

Results
By evasion response assays, was observed that Eiseniafoetida avoided standing in the presence of urea 46%, phosphorous and nitrogen-based fertilizers, or crop waste; since earthworms exposed to soil-stubble (one part of ground tomato stubble, for every 5 parts of control soil), soil-fert (500 g of control soil, for each 50 g chemical fertilizer), or soil-urea (5 g/100 ml deionized water, watered over 500 g of control soil), exhibited significant avoidance responses (88.75% ± 17.3, 97.5% ± 5, and 91.25% ± 13.6 respectively. Data are means ± standard deviations *p < 0.05, with respect to the control). In addition, when earthworms could not escape from these stimuli, important morphological and histological changes, suggesting cell damage by apoptosis, were observed as decreased mobility.

Conclusions
This work shows the importance of evaluating soil quality, with sensitive systems that allow the detection of negative effects in stages that can be reversed. That is, with parameters other than the physicochemical ones; reaching an integral assessment of the soils since it includes the entire ecosystem, thus obtaining information about the possible future state of these soils.
Deep learning method for super-resolution reconstruction of the spatio-temporal flow field
Authors: Bao Kairui , Zhang Xiaoya , Peng Wei , Yao Wen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe high-resolution (HR) spatio-temporal flow field plays a decisive role in describing the details of the flow field. In the acquisition of the HR flow field, traditional direct numerical simulation (DNS) and other methods face a seriously high computational burden. To address this deficiency, we propose a novel multi-scale temporal path UNet (MST-UNet) model to reconstruct temporal and spatial HR flow fields from low-resolution (LR) flow field data. Different from the previous super-resolution (SR) model, which only takes advantage of LR flow field data at instantaneous (SLR) or in a time-series (MTLR), MST-UNet introduces multi-scale information in both time and space. MST-UNet takes the LR data at the current frame and the predicted HR result at the previous moment as the model input to complete the spatial SR reconstruction. On this basis, a temporal model is introduced as the inbetweening model to obtain HR flow field data in space and time to complete spatio-temporal SR reconstruction. Finally, the proposed model is validated by the spatio-temporal SR task of the flow field around two-dimensional cylinders. Experimental results show that the outcome of the MST-UNet model in spatial SR tasks is much better than those of SLR and MTLR, which can greatly improve prediction accuracy. In addition, for the spatio-temporal SR task, the spatio-temporal HR flow field predicted by the MST-UNet model has higher accuracy either.
Origins and localization of Tai Lue food culture in Northern Thailand
Authors: Krajangchom Sansanee 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis qualitative investigation explores the cuisine of the Tai Lue people, an ethnic minority group in Northern Thailand. Through documentary analysis, field study and participatory action research, four traditional Tai Lue dishes were transformed for presentation to visitors. Community members developed these products in cooperation with a trained chef. The final products were marketed through a university podcast project and at a cultural fair. The results of the investigation were disrupted by the Covid pandemic, but the initial impact of the project indicates a prospective place in the wider post-pandemic environment for the indigenous cuisine of the Tai Lue. The following paper discusses this potential through the lens of the foodscape, regional development and authenticity.
Association of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol concentrations with clinical features and body mass index in eating disorders and obesity
Authors: Baenas Isabel , Miranda-Olivos Romina , Granero Roser , Solé-Morata Neus , Sánchez Isabel , Pastor Antoni , del Pino-Gutiérrez Amparo , Codina Ester , Tinahones Francisco J. , Fernández-Formoso José A. , Vilarrasa Núria , Guerrero-Pérez Fernando , Lopez-Urdiales Rafael , Virgili Núria , Soriano-Mas Carles , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , de la Torre Rafael , Fernández-Aranda Fernando 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) play a pivotal role in stimulating motivational behavior toward food and energy metabolism. Aberrant functioning of the endocannabinoid system has been observed in extreme weight conditions (EWCs), suggesting it may influence pathophysiology. Then, we aimed to analyze fasting AEA and 2-AG plasma concentrations among individuals with EWC (i.e., anorexia nervosa [AN] and obesity with and without eating disorders [EDs]) compared with healthy controls (HCs), and its association with clinical variables and body mass index (BMI).

Methods
The sample included 113 adult women. Fifty-seven belonged to the obesity group, 37 without EDs (OB-ED) and 20 with ED (OB+ED classified within the binge spectrum disorders), 27 individuals from the AN group, and 29 from the HC group. Peripheral blood samples, several clinical variables, and BMI were evaluated.

Results
Unlike 2-AG, AEA concentrations showed significant differences between groups (p < 0.001). Increased AEA was observed in the OB-ED and OB+ED compared with both HC and AN group, respectively. Likewise, AEA was differentially associated with emotional dysregulation, general psychopathology, food addiction, and BMI in all clinical groups.

Conclusions
These results support the interaction between biological and clinical factors contributing to delineating vulnerability pathways in EWC that could help fit personalized therapeutic approaches.
An Intragastric Delivery Device Employing FDM Technology: 3D-Printed Tablet Containing Green Developed Mosapride-Saccharin Co-crystals
Authors: Amin Omnya Mahmoud , EL Qady Hesham Nassereldin , Abd El-Fattah Marwa Adel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Mosapride citrate (MC) is a poorly soluble short half-life drug with more pronounced absorption in the stomach. The present study aimed to incorporate MC co-crystals with enhanced solubility into 3D-printed floating tablets. MC co-crystals were prepared via the green method using Saccharin sod. as a co-former at a (1:1) molar ratio. The prepared co-crystals were assessed for solubility, FTIR, thermal behavior, and SEM. Then, it was incorporated into zero % infill 3D-printed tablets of different configurations at two thickness levels by the FDM printing technique. Printed tablets were evaluated for dimensions, weight deviation, friability, and in vitro floating behavior. Drug release and kinetic of the MC release were also assessed. Solubility study of the co-crystals showed a significant (p value < 0.05) increased solubility over pure MC. FTIR and thermal behavior confirmed hydrogen bonding formation during co-crystallization. The obstructed particles had an erratic protrusion form, similar to a nodule, as illustrated by SEM. The printed tablets showed acceptable physicochemical properties. Tablets floated for about ≥ 12 h without floating lag time. In vitro drug release exhibited variable extended release profiles with different lag times depending on the configuration indicating that the tablet’s wall thickness and surface area were the factors manipulated to control drug release. Kinetic analysis of the release data displayed intermediate kinetics between zero-order and diffusional kinetics. The intragastric extended release profile for MC co-crystals of improved solubility could be successfully, economically, and quickly developed utilizing the 3D printing technique.

Graphical Abstract
Interacting, running and tumbling: The active Dyson Brownian motion
Authors: Touzo L. , Le Doussal P. , Schehr G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We introduce and study a model in one dimension of N run-and-tumble particles (RTP) which repel each other logarithmically in the presence of an external quadratic potential. This is an “active” version of the well-known Dyson Brownian motion (DBM) where the particles are subjected to a telegraphic noise, with two possible states ± with velocity ±v
0. We study analytically and numerically two different versions of this model. In model I a particle only interacts with particles in the same state, while in model II all the particles interact with each other. In the large time limit, both models converge to a steady state where the stationary density has a finite support. For finite N, the stationary density exhibits singularities, which disappear when

. In that limit, for model I, using a Dean-Kawasaki approach, we show that the stationary density of + (respectively −) particles deviates from the DBM Wigner semi-circular shape, and vanishes with an exponent 3/2 at one of the edges. In model II, the Dean-Kawasaki approach fails but we obtain strong evidence that the density in the large N limit (still) retains a Wigner semi-circular shape.
New Horizons: Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Cognition
Authors: Prévot Vincent , Tena-Sempere Manuel , Pitteloud Nelly 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pulsatile secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is essential for activating and maintaining the function of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis, which controls the onset of puberty and fertility. Two recent studies suggest that, in addition to controlling reproduction, the neurons in the brain that produce GnRH are also involved in the control of postnatal brain maturation, odor discrimination, and adult cognition. This review will summarize the development and establishment of the GnRH system, with particular attention to the importance of its first postnatal activation, a phenomenon known as minipuberty, for later reproductive and nonreproductive functions. In addition, we will discuss the beneficial effects of restoring physiological (ie, pulsatile) GnRH levels on olfactory and cognitive alterations in preclinical Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease models, as well as the potential risks associated with long-term continuous (ie, nonphysiological) GnRH administration in certain disorders. Finally, this review addresses the intriguing possibility that pulsatile GnRH therapy may hold therapeutic potential for the management of some neurodevelopmental cognitive disorders and pathological aging in elderly people.
A False Pituitary Tumor
Authors: Hurtado Andrade Maria D , Tama Elif , Atkinson John L D , Chang Alice Y 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A false pituitary tumor describes pituitary enlargement due to intracranial hypotension. Reported previously primarily in the neurological literature, we present this case referred to endocrinology for evaluation of a pituitary mass. A 24-year-old male was referred to endocrinology for evaluation of pituitary enlargement without a hypo-enhancing lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The main symptom reported was headache that was worse in the standing position and in the afternoon. He had no symptoms or signs of pituitary mass-effect, or hormone excess or deficiencies. Past medical history was relevant for a history of nerve schwannoma status post resection with subsequent spinal fusion. Biochemical evaluation of pituitary hormones was normal. Upon review of his pituitary MRI, other abnormalities seen were suggestive of intracranial hypotension. Based on his history and imaging findings, he was diagnosed with intracranial hypotension causing a “false pituitary tumor” rather than pituitary enlargement or abnormality. Further evaluation revealed multiple spinal leaks that were patched. His symptoms subsided within a few days of repair. Endocrinologists should be aware of the possible misdiagnosis of a pituitary mass due to intracranial hypotension.