bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anxiety, depression, and sleep quality among breast cancer patients in North China: Mediating roles of hope and medical social support
Authors: Zhu Wenjuan , Gao Jinnan , Guo Jun , Wang Linying , Li Wanling 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Sleep disorders are highly prevalent among breast cancer patients and have a detrimental impact on their quality of life. This study aims to investigate the serial multiple mediating roles of social support and hope in the relationship between anxiety, depression, and sleep quality in breast cancer patients.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in China from October 2021 to February 2022. A total of 315 breast cancer patients were assessed using self-reported questionnaires, including the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS), Herth Hope Index (HHI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Mediation analysis was performed using the R Statistical Software.

Results
Sleep quality exhibited a negative correlation with hope and medical social support (P < 0.01), and a positive correlation with anxiety and depression (P < 0.01). Anxiety and depression accounted for 18.8% and 12.8% of the variance in sleep quality, respectively. Bootstrap analyses of the anxiety-medical social support-hope-sleep quality pathway indicated the presence of direct effects [B = 0.331, 95%CI (0.215, 0.493)] and indirect effects of anxiety on sleep quality mediated solely by medical social support [B = 0.054, 95%CI (0.015, 0.108)] and hope [B = 0.041, 95%CI (0.018, 0.073)], as well as combined effects [B = 0.012, 95%CI (0.004, 0.025)]. Similarly, the depression-medical social support-hope-sleep quality pathway revealed direct effects [B = 0.235, 95%CI (0.104, 0.372)] and indirect effects of depression on sleep quality mediated solely by medical social support [B = 0.078, 95%CI (0.016, 0.150)] and hope [B = 0.049, 95%CI (0.018, 0.086)], as well as combined effects [B = 0.017, 95%CI (0.004, 0.034)].

Conclusions
This research validates the hypothesis that medical social support and hope serve as mediators between anxiety, depression, and sleep quality in breast cancer patients. Interventions targeting anxiety, depression, medical social support, and hope have the potential to effectively enhance sleep quality.
Exploring motivations for participating in research among Australian women with advanced gynaecological cancer: a qualitative study
Authors: Wigginton B , Reeves M M , DiSipio T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
With global moves to increase research among those living with advanced cancer and legitimise consumers as part of cancer research, this article aims to build an understanding of women’s motivations and reasons for participating in gynaecological cancer research. As a secondary aim, we considered the role of qualitative methods in enabling active involvement of consumers in research.

Methods
We applied thematic discursive analysis to 18 in-depth interviews with women diagnosed with advanced (stage III–IV) gynaecological cancer living in Australia.

Results
We found that women viewed research as a vehicle for change in two directions: improving the lives of future generations and improving education and awareness. Underpinning these two framings of research, women spoke about their own role and reasons for participating in this interview study. Women’s stories were painted against a backdrop of social and medical silences around gynaecological cancer. It was from such silence that women chose to speak up and position themselves as participating in service for knowledge production.

Conclusion
We learned that trust, reciprocity and relationships are central to women’s decisions to participate in cancer research. Legitimising consumers in cancer research requires methods, methodologies and practices that pay careful attention to power, control and representation.
Do peri-operative parathyroid hormone (PTH) analogues improve bone density and decrease mechanical complications in spinal deformity correction?—a minimum 2-year radiological study measuring Hounsfield units
Authors: Chung Andrew , Robinson Jerry , Gendelberg David , Jimenez Jose , Anand Anita , Rao Arya , Khandehroo Bardia , Khandehroo Babak , Kahwaty Sheila , Anand Neel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To delineate whether use of a PTH analogue in the 1-year peri-operative period improves lumbar bone density.

Methods
A prospectively collected data registry of 254 patients who underwent CMIS correction of ASD (Cobb angle > 20 or SVA > 50 mm or (PI-LL) > 10) from Jan 2011 to Jan 2020 was analysed. Patients who were placed on PTH analogues for one year in conjunction with surgery were included in the study. Ultimately, 41 patients who had pre- and two-year post-operative CT scans for review were included in this study. Hounsfield units were measured off of the L1–L3 levels for all patients before and after surgery on pre-op and post-op CT scans.

Result
The mean age of patients in this study was 70 (52–84, SD 7). Mean follow-up was 66 (24–132, SD 33) months. Twenty-three patients met criteria for severe deformity (Cobb angle > 50 degrees or SVA > 95 mm or PI/LL mismatch > 20 or PT > 30). Based off 2-year post-op CT scan, there were significant improvements in L1 Hounsfield units when comparing pre-op values (96; SD 55) to post-op values (185 SD 102); p. < 0.05. There was no screw loosening or screw pull out. There were 2 patients with PJF (4.8%). Both these patients had not completed their PTH treatment: one only took PTH for 3 months (PJF at 2-year post-op) and the other one took it only for 1 month (PJF at 1-year post-op). No increase in bone density was noted (based off of Hounsfield units) in five patients (12%) despite completion of their PTH therapy. Only one patient experienced nausea from PTH therapy. There were no other PTH related adverse events.

Conclusion
The incidence of PTH analogues failing to increase bone density in our series was low at 12%. This study shows that PTH analogues may be a powerful adjunct for increasing bone density and may help to mitigate the risk of mechanical complications in patients undergoing deformity correction with minimally invasive techniques. Future comparative studies are warranted to confirm these latter findings and to potentially protocolize the ideal peri-operative bone health optimization strategy.
Arthroscopic assistance during open reduction and fixation for complex acetabular fractures
Authors: Aprato Alessandro , Giachino Matteo , Cipolla Alessandra , Massè Alessandro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAchieving an anatomical reduction in acetabular fracture is essential but may also be challenging. Most of complex fractures are treated with anterior approaches without direct visualization of the acetabular surface. In this paper, we present the surgical technique for arthroscopic assistance during open reduction and fixation for complex acetabular fractures. To our knowledge, this technique has not been described in the literature yet.
Calculation method for wear of steel-bronze rolling-sliding contacts relating to worm gears
Authors: Schnetzer Philipp E. , Pellkofer Josef , Stahl Karsten 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWorm gears are usually used in industrial applications with the material pairing of hard worm and softer worm wheel, where the failure mode wear often limits the service life. Up to now, extensive, costly and time-consuming component wear tests need to be carried out for each tribological pairing in order to calculate the amount of wear on worm wheels. Therefore, no practical and efficient experimental method is currently available to optimize material-lubricant pairings with respect to wear capacity for worm gear drives. For this reason, a model contact wear test was developed applying a twin-disk test rig. Based on this, the paper covers a new wear calculation method to characterize the wear behavior of steel-bronze rolling-sliding contacts regarding worm wheels. Therefore, the basics for the new calculation method for a model contact will be presented. Furthermore, the validation of the newly developed wear calculation method on the basis of test results of experimental investigations using the twin-disk test rig is addressed. Subsequently, results of the new wear calculation method are compared to results of the wear calculation method for worm wheels for individual tribosystems. Special focus will be given to similar trends in the calculated wear between the worm gear contact and the model contact. This new calculation method enables, in combination with wear tests on the twin-disk machine, efficient information on the wear behavior of worm gears and the development of optimized material-lubricant pairings concerning wear performance for worm gear drives.
Improved patient-reported outcomes after open preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair compared to anterior Lichtenstein repair: 10-year ACHQC analysis
Authors: Agarwal Divyansh , Bharani Tina , Fullington Nora , Ott Lauren , Olson Molly , Poulose Benjamin , Warren Jeremy , Reinhorn Michael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The Lichtenstein repair has been synonymous with “open” inguinal hernia repair (IHR) for 40 years. However, international guidelines have suggested that posterior mesh placement results in advantageous biomechanics and reduced risk of nerve-related chronic pain. Additionally, the use of local anesthetics has been shown to reduce postoperative pain and complication risks. An open transrectus preperitoneal/open preperitoneal (TREPP/OPP) repair combines posterior mesh placement with the use of local anesthetic and as such could be the ideal repair for primary inguinal hernia. Using the Abdominal Core Health Quality Collaborative (ACHQC) registry, we compared open anterior mesh with open posterior mesh repairs.

Methods
We performed a propensity score matched analysis of patients undergoing open IHR between 2012 and 2022 in the ACHQC. After 1:1 optimal matching, both the TREPP/OPP and Lichtenstein cohorts were balanced with 451 participants in each group. Outcomes included patient-reported quality of life (QoL), hernia recurrence, and postoperative opioid use.

Results
Improvement was seen after TREPP/OPP in EuraHS QoL score at 30 days (OR 0.558 [0.408, 0.761]; p = 0.001), and the difference persisted at 1 year (OR 0.588 [0.346, 0.994]; p = 0.047). Patient-reported opioid use at 30-day follow-up was significantly lower in the TREPP/OPP cohort (OR 0.31 [0.20, 0.48]; p < 0.001). 30-day frequency of surgical-site occurrences was significantly higher in the Lichtenstein repair cohort (OR 0.22 [0.06–0.61]; p = 0.007). There were no statistically significant differences in hernia recurrence risk at 1 year, or rates of postoperative bleeding, peripheral nerve injury, DVTs, or UTIs.

Conclusion
Our analysis demonstrates a benefit of posterior mesh placement (TREPP/OPP) over anterior mesh placement (Lichtenstein) in open inguinal hernia repair in patient-reported QoL and reduced opioid use.
Mathematical modeling and numerical simulation of arterial dissection based on a novel surgeon’s view
Authors: Soleimani Meisam , Deo Rohan , Hudobivnik Blaz , Poyanmehr Reza , Haverich Axel , Wriggers Peter 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a mathematical model for arterial dissection based on a novel hypothesis proposed by a surgeon, Axel Haverich, see Haverich (Circulation 135(3):205–207, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1161/circulationaha.116.025407). In an attempt and based on clinical observations, he explained how three different arterial diseases, namely atherosclerosis, aneurysm and dissection have the same root in malfunctioning Vasa Vasorums (VVs) which are micro capillaries responsible for artery wall nourishment. The authors already proposed a mathematical framework for the modeling of atherosclerosis which is the thickening of the artery walls due to an inflammatory response to VVs dysfunction. A multiphysics model based on a phase-field approach coupled with mechanical deformation was proposed for this purpose. The kinematics of mechanical deformation was described using finite strain theory. The entire model is three-dimensional and fully based on a macroscopic continuum description. The objective here is to extend that model by incorporating a damage mechanism in order to capture the tearing (rupture) in the artery wall as a result of micro-injuries in VV. Unlike the existing damage-based model of the dissection in the literature, here the damage is driven by the internal bleeding (hematoma) rather than purely mechanical external loading. The numerical implementation is carried out using finite element method (FEM).
The impact of habitat loss and population fragmentation on genomic erosion
Authors: Pinto Alessandro V. , Hansson Bengt , Patramanis Ioannis , Morales Hernán E. , van Oosterhout Cock 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHabitat loss and population fragmentation pose severe threats to biodiversity and the survival of many species. Population isolation and the decline in effective population size lead to increased genetic drift and inbreeding. In turn, this reduces neutral diversity, and it also affects the genetic load of deleterious mutations. Here, we analyse the effect of such genomic erosion by designing a spatially explicit, individual based model in SLiM, simulating the effects of the recorded habitat loss in Mauritius over the past ~ 250 years. We show that the loss of neutral diversity (genome-wide heterozygosity) was barely noticeable during the first 100 years of habitat loss. Changes to the genetic load took even more time to register, and they only became apparent circa 200 years after the start of habitat decline. Although a considerable number of deleterious mutations were lost by drift, others increased in frequency. The masked load was thus converted into a realised load, which compromised individual fitness and population viability after much of the native habitat had been lost. Importantly, genomic erosion continued after the metapopulation had stabilised at low numbers. Our study shows that historic habitat loss can pose a sustained threat to populations also in future generations, even without further habitat loss. The UN’s Decade on Ecosystem Restoration needs to lead to transformative change to save species from future extinction, and this requires the urgent restoration of natural habitats.
Utilization of Synthesized Copper Ferrite/Calcium Alginate Nanocomposite for Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green
Authors: Hassan Asaad F. , El-Naggar Gehan A. , Braish Amany G. , El-Latif Mona M. Abd , Shaltout Walaa A. , Elsayed Maha S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, the effectiveness of two different application methods (photocatalytic degradation and adsorption) onto the created solid nanomaterials for the removal of malachite green (MG) was investigated. Copper ferrite nanoparticles (CF) and copper ferrite/calcium alginate composite (CG) were synthesized as two studied solid samples. By using XRD, TGA, FTIR, DRS, nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm, pHPZC, SEM, and TEM, the physicochemical and morphological properties of the solid samples were tested. Sample dose, pH, initial MG concentration, shaking time, ionic strength, UV light power, and temperature were the key experimental parameters that were established. The obtained results demonstrated that at 40 °C, CG reached a greater adsorption capacity (297.62 mg/g). The spontaneous, endothermic, and advantageous adsorption process of MG was proved by the best fitting of pseudo-second order, Elovich, intra-particle diffusion, Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Temkin models onto all the produced materials. The maximum percentage of MG degradation by CG (89.9%) was accomplished by utilizing 1.0 g/L of catalyst mass, an initial MG concentration of 10 mg/L, and 33 W. Arrhenius and Eyring–Polanyi models well applied the MG photodegradation onto the catalyst surface.
Entrepreneurial growth in digital business ecosystems: an integrated framework blending the knowledge-based view of the firm and business ecosystems
Authors: Chen Anlan , Lin Yong , Mariani Marcello , Shou Yongyi , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDigitalisation is shaping the contemporary technological context of entrepreneurial activities, where firms grow through interacting with digital ecosystem stakeholders. This study investigates how incumbent firms seek entrepreneurial growth by re-configurating their knowledge bases in digital business ecosystems. We propose and develop a conceptual framework that blends the digital business ecosystem perspective and the knowledge-based view of the firm. Through a longitudinal case study of a Chinese textile manufacturing firm, we identify three pathways for entrepreneurial growth. The results contribute to the entrepreneurship literature by demonstrating how digital technologies foster corporate entrepreneurship in incumbent firms. The proposed framework extends the analytical power of the knowledge-based view by incorporating ecosystem elements into the firm’s internal and external knowledge management. The findings also generate relevant and actionable managerial implications for entrepreneurs, managers, and policymakers that are applicable in the context of digital business ecosystems.
Optimal sufficient requirements on the embedded Ising problem in polynomial time
Authors: Lobe Elisabeth , Kaibel Volker 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the central applications for quantum annealers is to find the solutions of Ising problems. Suitable Ising problems, however, need to be formulated such that they, on the one hand, respect the specific restrictions of the hardware and, on the other hand, represent the original problems which shall actually be solved. We evaluate sufficient requirements on such an embedded Ising problem analytically and transform them into a linear optimization problem. With an objective function aiming to minimize the maximal absolute problem parameter, the precision issues of the annealers are addressed. Due to the redundancy of several constraints, we can show that the formally exponentially large optimization problem can be reduced and finally solved in polynomial time for the standard embedding setting where the embedded vertices induce trees. This allows to formulate provably equivalent embedded Ising problems in a practical setup.
Pyramid Attention Network for Image Restoration
Authors: Mei Yiqun , Fan Yuchen , Zhang Yulun , Yu Jiahui , Zhou Yuqian , Liu Ding , Fu Yun , Huang Thomas S. , Shi Humphrey 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSelf-similarity refers to the image prior widely used in image restoration algorithms that small but similar patterns tend to occur at different locations and scales. However, recent advanced deep convolutional neural network-based methods for image restoration do not take full advantage of self-similarities by relying on self-attention neural modules that only process information at the same scale. To solve this problem, we present a novel Pyramid Attention module for image restoration, which captures long-range feature correspondences from a multi-scale feature pyramid. Inspired by the fact that corruptions, such as noise or compression artifacts, drop drastically at coarser image scales, our attention module is designed to be able to borrow clean signals from their “clean” correspondences at the coarser levels. The proposed pyramid attention module is a generic building block that can be flexibly integrated into various neural architectures. Its effectiveness is validated through extensive experiments on multiple image restoration tasks: image denoising, demosaicing, compression artifact reduction, and super resolution. Without any bells and whistles, our PANet (pyramid attention module with simple network backbones) can produce state-of-the-art results with superior accuracy and visual quality. Our code is available at https://github.com/SHI-Labs/Pyramid-Attention-Networks
Comparison of ordinary reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) with a newly developed one-step single-tube nested real-time RT-PCR (OSN-qRT-PCR) for sensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater
Authors: Rusková Magdaléna , Bučková Mária , Puškárová Andrea , Cíchová Marianna , Janská Veronika , Achs Adam , Šubr Zdeno , Kuchta Tomáš , Pangallo Domenico 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWastewater monitoring has proven to be an important approach to detecting and controlling the development of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Various tests based on reverse transcription real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) have been developed and used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater samples. In this study, we attempted to increase the sensitivity of qRT-PCR by developing a one-step single-tube nested qRT-PCR assay (OSN-qRT-PCR). Two variants were developed, oriented to nucleocapsid phosphoprotein gene (N) and to spike protein gene (S), respectively. The performance of conventional qRT-PCR assays oriented to these genes with two novel OSN-qRT-PCR assays were firstly optimized using wastewater artificially contaminated with two encapsidated RNA mimic systems harboring a portion either N or S gene (ENRM and ESRM, respectively). The assays were coupled to a polyethylene glycol–based RNA precipitation/extraction method and applied to detect SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater samples from four cities in Slovakia. Both novel OSN-qRT-PCR assays demonstrated higher detection rates than the ordinary qRT-PCR counterparts. The virus levels in the analyzed wastewater samples had a high or very high relation with the numbers of clinical cases in the monitored regions. In fact, correlation with a 3-, 4-, or 5-day temporal offset was revealed. The OSN-qRT-PCR assays demonstrated robustness, mainly in samples with low viral loads.
War, Reciprocity and the Moral Equality of Combatants
Authors: Miller Seumas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article I address differences between myself and Uwe Steinhoff in relation to the moral principle of reciprocity and its implications for the doctrine of the moral equality of combatants. Whereas I agree with Steinhoff that there is a principle of reciprocity in play in war, contra Steinhoff, I suggest that this principle and, indeed, moral principles of reciprocity more generally, are particularist principles, although if conventionalised or given legal status they can assume a generalised form. Moreover, I also hold that there is a moral difference between those fighting a just war and those fighting an unjust war and this difference, taken in conjunction with the moral equality of combatants doctrine, generates a degree of moral complexity that seems to have gone unrecognised by Steinhoff (and, for that matter, by the two dominant schools of thought in this area, revisionists and Walzerians).