bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms and predictors of menses resumption once normal weight is reached in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Galusca Bogdan , Gay Aurélia , Belleton Gwenaëlle , Eisinger Martin , Massoubre Catherine , Lang François , Grouselle Dominique , Estour Bruno , Germain Natacha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
In cases of Anorexia Nervosa (AN), achieving weight gain recovery beyond the lower limits set by the World Health Organization and normalizing classical nutritional markers appears to be essential for most patients. However, this is not always adequate to restore menstrual cycles. This discrepancy can cause concern for both patients and healthcare providers, and can impact the medical management of these individuals. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the ability of anthropometric and hormonal factors to predict the resumption of menstrual cycles in individuals with anorexia nervosa upon reaching a normal body weight.

Method
Patients with AN who had achieved a normal Body Mass Index but had not yet resumed their menstrual cycles (referred to as ANRec) were evaluated on two occasions: first at visit 1 and then again 6 months later, provided their body weight remained stable over this period (visit 2). Among the 46 ANRec patients who reached visit 2, they were categorized into two groups: 20 with persistent amenorrhea (PA-ANRec) and 26 who had regained their menstrual cycles (RM-ANRec). Anthropometric measurements, several hormone levels, Luteinizing Hormone (LH) pulsatility over a 4-h period, and LH response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone injection (LH/GnRH) were then compared between the two groups at visit 1.

Results
Patients in the RM-ANRec group exhibited higher levels of follicular stimulating hormone, estradiol, inhibin B, LH/GnRH, and lower levels of ghrelin compared to those in the PA-ANRec group. Analysis of Receiver Operating Characteristic curves indicated that having ≥ 2 LH pulses over a 4-h period, LH/GnRH levels ≥ 33 IU/l, and inhibin B levels > 63 pg/ml predicted the resumption of menstrual cycles with a high degree of specificity (87%, 100%, and 100%, respectively) and sensitivity (82%, 80%, and 79%, respectively).

Conclusions
These three hormonal tests, of which two are straightforward to perform, demonstrated a high predictive accuracy for the resumption of menstrual cycles. They could offer valuable support for the management of individuals with AN upon achieving normalized weight. Negative results from these tests could assist clinicians and patients in maintaining their efforts to attain individualized metabolic targets.

Trial registration

IORG0004981.
Gender differences in acute care treatments for cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Girleanu Isabela , Connolly Leona , McCabe Catherine 
Published: September 2023

Background/aims This narrative review aimed to identify gender-related differences in multiple cardiovascular disease treatments and to provide an overview of the possible causes to aid in establishment of a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk profile. Methods A narrative review methodology was used. A systematic search of two databases, PubMed and CINAHL, sourced 245 articles. Results Seven articles met the inclusion criteria. Three recurrent themes emerged from the literature. These were gender differences in the burden of CVD, gender differences in symptom presentation and gender differences in management and treatment of CVD. Conclusions CVD can be expressed differently in women and men. Different approaches to diagnosis and treatment are required. The studies included in this review reflect findings reported in research conducted more than 10 years ago, suggesting that more focus is needed to define and add gender-related indicators to current risk assessments and management strategies.
Species Diversity and Carbon Stock of Mangrove in Guiuan, Eastern Samar, Philippines
Authors: Magalona Ma. Melania L. , Obias Darlene Joy A. , Bobon-Carnice Pearl Aphrodite 
Published: September 2023

Mangrove forests sequester substantial amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide, store carbon in their biomass, and have the highest carbon pool of any forest. The Philippines is one of the mangrove-rich countries, with almost 1.9% of the global mangroves. No current published works on mangroves exist in Guiuan, Eastern Samar, Philippines. This study utilized a non-destructive technique through quadrat sampling to identify and measure mangroves’ biodiversity and carbon stock. The allometric equation was applied to quantify the carbon stock and Shannon-Wiener diversity index to determine the biodiversity. Twelve species were identified from the 36 sampling plot with 10 × 10 meter. Results showed the mean species evenness of 0.28 and the Shannon-Wiener diversity value of 0.92, indicating very low diversity. The overall aboveground, belowground, total carbon stock, and CO2 sequestration of 209 t/ha, 76 t/ha, 157 t/ha, and 575 CO2 t/ha, respectively. The test revealed that comparing the six barangays regarding species diversity and carbon stocks gives no statistically significant difference of 0.032 and 0.046, respectively. Considering the estimated carbon stock and CO2 equivalent accounted from the tree biomass, the mangrove stands in Guiuan have the potential to store and sequester a large amount of carbon dioxide.
Patient’s pain perception and surgeon satisfaction with topical anaesthsia in phacoemulsification surgery
Authors: Rizvi Syed Wajahat Ali , Siddiqui Ziya , Fatima Sheerin , Khan Adeeb Alam , Ashraf Humayoun 
Published: September 2023

As the cataract surgery has taken the quantum leaps, so does the advancements in various anaesthetic techniques, aiming to provide a safer, painless and comfortable surgery. Topical anaesthesia is a less invasive anaesthetic option which provides adequate analgesia with wide margin of safety. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of topical anaesthesia as a routine in a standard phacoemulsification surgery.A total of200 patients scheduled for routine phacoemulsification were enrolled in a prospective, non-randomized comparative clinical study. Patients were then distributed to either topical anaesthesia group (TA) or peribulbar anaesthesia group (PA) to evaluate for patient and surgeon satisfaction, and intraoperative complications.The study groups were comparable demographically. Pain scores were higher during late stages of surgery in TA (p&#60;0.01), while higher scores were noticeable in PA (p&#60;0.01) during administration and in the postoperative periods. Significantly higher rate of chemosis was seen in PA (p&#60;0.01). The patients in the TA had an overall better surgical experience as compared to the PA (p&#60;0.01).Though surgeon does note higher per-operative pain perception (p=0.027) and ocular motility (p&#60;0.01) in the TA there was no significant difference as far as ease of surgery was concerned.Despite higher per-operative pain perception most of the patients describe their surgical experience with topical anaesthesia as satisfactory. In view of its minimally invasive nature, topical anaesthesia is a safer alternative to peribulbar anaesthesia practically avoiding all block related complications especially in at risk eyes, and thus can be safely administered as a routine in phacoemulsification surgery.
A comparative study of anatomical and functional outcomes after 20, 23 and 25 gauge pars plana vitrectomy in adult population at a tertiary care center in Rajasthan
Authors: Saini Yamini , Nainiwal Sanjeev K , Porwal Rakesh 
Published: September 2023

Pars plana vitrectomy is the most common technique in vitreoretinal surgery that enables access to the posterior segment for treating conditions such as retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, macular hole, endophthalmitis, dropped nucleus and dropped iol in a controlled closed system.Prospective, comparative study of patients, more than 18 years of age, who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for various vitreoretinal disease at J.L.N. Medical College, Ajmer, from October 2020 to March 2022,with no previous history of any vitreoretinal surgery.96 eyes of 96 patients that underwent 20-gauge (n=32), 23-gauge (n=32) and 25-gauge (n=32) Pars plana vitrectomy were included in this study. The mean duration of surgery was significantly higher in the conventional 20-Gauge as compared to the micro incisional vitrectomy system. Mean Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved significantly in all three groups at postoperative 3 months, no significant difference between the 3 groups. Re retinal detachment occurs in 6 eyes(2 eyes in each group). Recurrent vitreous hemorrhage occurs in 1 eye in 25-gauge and postoperative endophthalmitis occurs in 2 eyes(1 eye each in 20-gauge and 23-gauge). There was a similar rate of ocular hypertension in all three groups. Postoperatively 20-gauge showed significantly higher mean conjunctival hyperemia and subconjunctival hemorrhage compared to Sutureless microincisional vitrectomy surgery.Functional and anatomical outcomes assessed by BCVA and retinal status postoperatively seem to be comparable between 20,23 and 25-gauge vitrectomy systems. Sutureless microincisional vitrectomy surgery showed significantly shorter duration of surgery.
Correlation between anterior chamber depth changes and post operative refractive error after phacoemulsification
Authors: Lamba Safwan Makbulhushen , Muzumdar Deepa , Nagpal Shubha 
Published: September 2023

: There is an increase in patient demands and satisfaction with post-operative visual recovery. There are numerous factors affecting post-operative visual outcomes. One of the factors is the change in anterior chamber depth post-operatively. The following study was planned to assess the changes in anterior chamber depth post- operatively and determine the correlation with post-operative refractive errors in patients who had cataracts and underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. : This prospective cohort study was conducted in 120 eyes. The cases diagnosed with cataract underwent phacoemulsification. Preoperative and post-operative anterior chamber depths were obtained and post-operative spherical equivalent of refractive errors were noted at 4 weeks.: Smaller anterior chamber depths had a larger amount of deepening of the anterior chamber (ACD difference&#62;1.22mm) after cataract surgery and vice versa (r= -0.46, p&#60;0.01). Post-operative refractive error showed hyperopic shift when the change in AC depth was small (&#60;1.22mm) and myopic shift when the change in AC depth was large (&#62;=1.22mm). : There is a definite correlation between AC depth difference and post-operative spherical refractive error (r= -0.41, p&#60;0.01).
Comparison of optic nerve head analysis using optical coherence tomography and slit-lamp biomicroscopy
Authors: Sharma Rishi , Ranjiv R  
Published: September 2023

: Optic nerve head examination is the hallmark of glaucoma diagnosis. The difficulties in clinical assessment of the optic nerve head relate to its inherent subjectivity and large diversity in the appearance of discs. In this study the optic nerve head assessment using optical coherence tomography and slit-lamp biomicroscopy were compared to study the significance of difference in the cup-to-disc ratio as calculated by the 2 methods.: The material of the study were patients attending the outpatient department of a Tertiary hospital. : A prospective observational study was conducted. Group I consisted of 50 patients with primary open angle glaucoma and Group II consisted of 50 non-glaucomatous patients. SBM and OCT were done to assess the average cup to disc ratio (CDR).: Average CDR was calculated by the 2 methods and was compared by Pearson correlation in which the correlation value of +1 is a total positive correlation, 0 is no correlation and −1 is a negative correlation. The statistical software SPSS 15.0 was used.: The correlation values for the right eye in the control group was 0.84 and in the case group was 0.89. The correlation values for the left eye in the control group was 0.68 and in the case group was 0.90.: The study found the OCT findings closely mirror the clinical findings especially in cases of glaucoma. ONH analysis is the hallmark of Glaucoma Diagnosis. OCT is user independent and reliable but is a tedious process and not advisable in a busy practice for ONH assessment. Clinical examination with slit lamp biomicroscopy closely mirrors the findings of OCT and is the cornerstone for the assessment of ONH in OPD practice.
Refractive outcome after cataract surgery with IOL master 700 optical biometry versus conventional ultrasonographic biometry
Authors: Gupta Isha , Gupta B K , Gupta Kanav , Garg Kritika 
Published: September 2023

To compare the refractive outcomes after phacoemulsification with an Intra ocular lens (IOL) using IOL master 700 optical biometer versus conventional ultrasonographic biometer. A retrospective analysis of patients who underwent phacoemulsification with intra ocular lens implantation between April 2019 and March 2020 was done. Data of 654 eyes (607 patients) was shortlisted and analyzed. IOL power calculation was done with applanation ultrasonographic biometer and IOL Master 700 optical biometer by dividing patients into 2 groups. SRK/T formula was used in both cases for IOL power calculation. Refractive outcomes were determined at least four weeks after the surgery and the results were recorded. Data analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2017 and SPSS software.In group A, applanation ultrasonographic biometer was used, 66.9% of patients were having post-operative refractive power between ±0 to ±0.75D and in group B IOL Master 700 was done 89.8% of patients, were having post-operative refractive power between ±0 to ±0.75D. Thus, refractive outcome was better in Group B eyes (89.80%) as compared to group A eyes (66.90%) and this difference was statistically significant (p value&#60;.001).Biometry by IOL master 700 improves the refractive outcomes of patients of cataract surgery and is much more accurate than the applanation ultrasonography. It also ensures that the near total emmetropia, post cataract surgery by giving accurate axial length measurements and the better choice of formulas.
Predisposing factors in conjunctival melanoma in a south Indian population and its management - A retrospective interventional case series
Authors: Ahmed H Shafeeq , Thrishulamurthy Chinmayee J , Eswaran Vidya , Biligi Dayananda S 
Published: September 2023

Conjunctival melanoma is an uncommon malignancy particularly in the pigmented races. We report an interesting association of risk factors involved in this rare tumour in a South Indian population.A retrospective, interventional case series of three patients diagnosed with conjunctival melanoma on the basis of clinical and histopathological evaluations between the year 2017 and 2022. Among the three patients, one patient had Xeroderma pigmentosa, one patient had carcinoma of the ovary and one patient had a pre-existing nevus.Conjunctival melanoma is a rare tumour in pigmented races and Xeroderma pigmentosa, pre-existing nevus and another malignancy predispose to a conjunctival melanoma.
Management of traumatic phacocele
Authors: Sahay Rahul , Arya Riddhi , Khullar Anuj , Singh Dharmendra , Thaseen Rimsha , Sinha Ankita 
Published: September 2023

Phacocele is defined as dislocation of normal crystalline lens into sub conjunctival space through scleral defect after blunt trauma.A case of post-traumatic scleral/limbal tear and dislocated normal crystalline lens to the sub-conjunctival space, supero-nasally. On examination the best corrected visual acuity in left eye was finger counting close to face.Wound exploration with tear repair was done under general anaesthesia under nil visual prognosis, anterior chamber was formed.Traumatic phacocele usually occurs due to indirect impact on the globe following blunt trauma and is an emergency condition to be treated as early as possible.
Comparison of fracture resistance of posterior tooth restored with cention-n, zirconomer and universal composite restorative material: An in-vitro study
Authors: Bukhari Syed Manzoor Ul Haq 
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to access and compare fracture resistance of tooth restored with Cention-N, Zirconomer and Filtek Z350 XT. Seventy five extracted maxillary premolar were divided into five groups; (Group I) Unprepared intact teeth, (Group II) Teeth with class II mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavity prepared and unrestored, (Group III) Teeth with class II MOD cavity prepared and restored with Zirconomer (Shofu Inc), (Group IV) Teeth with class II MOD cavity prepared and restored with Cention N, (Group V) Teeth with class II MOD cavity prepared and restored with Universal Composite Restorative Material (Filtek Z350 XT). Specimen was individually tested in a universal testing machine for facture resistance. Filtek Z350 XT showed statistically significant fracture resistance as compared to Group II, Group III and Group IV (P&#60;0.001). Cention-N showed better fracture resistance than Zirconomer but didn’t vary statistically. All the test restorative material showed acceptable fracture resistance under load. Long term clinical evaluation is required to access their behavior intraorally.
Personal Growth Initiative across the life span. A Systematic Review Protocol of quantitative studies using the Personal Growth Initiative Scale-II
Authors: Verdoodt Katleen , Simons Marianne , de Hoog Natascha , Reijnders Jennifer , Jacobs Nele 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Personal Growth Initiative (PGI) a multi-dimensional construct, conceptualized as a skill set that helps individuals to intentionally grow is considered an important construct throughout the life span. Coping with the challenges, transitions, experiences and stressors of life requires an active growth orientation. In previous empirical research, the construct has been measured by either the PGIS-I or PGIS-II, of which only the latter takes account of the theoretically established multi-dimensionality of the construct. This paper describes the protocol for conducting a systematic review of published peer-reviewed empirical research articles on the multi-dimensional construct of PGI. The aim of this review is threefold: 1) to better understand the multi-dimensional construct PGI in different contexts and populations, 2) to obtain an overview of its associations with relevant psychosocial factors, 3) to improve our understanding of the reliability and validity of the PGIS-II in various research populations.
Methods: For the development of this protocol, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) reporting guidelines were used. Four databases and one registry will be searched using a predetermined search strategy for relevant studies. Studies will be screened, by two reviewers independently, against the established inclusion criteria. During the data extraction process, the quality of the included studies will be assessed using the Quality Assessment for Survey Studies in Psychology (Q-SSP). The collected data will then be analysed and reported in both narrative and tabular form according to the PRISMA 2020 statement guidelines and flow diagram.
Discussion: The findings of this study will increase our understanding of the dynamics of PGI throughout the lifespan, its associations with other psychosocial factors and the psychometric properties of the PGIS-II. It will also clarify where additional research is needed. The objectives of the proposed review can provide a basis for the development of practical applications and interventions.
Systematic review protocol registration:International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42022377342
Promethazine for nausea and vomiting prevention after gynaecological laparoscopic surgery：a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ruijuan Liu , Ruirui Bi , Jiqiang Zhang , Wenjun Yan , Xia Li , Yuxi Su , Yani Zhang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are the postoperative problem that patients undergoing surgery do not want to experience. The incidence of PONV in female patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery is about 40%, and the risk of PONV is as high as 80% in those patients who have not received preventive treatment. At present still did not have the consummation effective solution.
Methods: This prospective, single-centre, two-armed, randomised, double-blind, pilot study was conducted in Gansu Provincial Hospital from June 2021 to March 2022 and included 100 subjects, aged 18–65 years, who underwent nonemergent gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Before anaesthesia induction, 6.25-mg promethazine or 1-mL saline was intravenously administered. All subjects received postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia and continuous metoclopramide infusion at 50 mg. The primary outcome was the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting at 6 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h postoperatively.
Results:The incidence and severity of nausea during the early period (the first 6 h postoperatively) was significantly different between groups (P = 0.043, P = 0.048). A statistically significant difference was found in the incidence and severity within 24 h postoperatively (P = 0.026, P = 0.003). Vomiting incidence and severity were lower than in the control group at the 6 h postoperatively but without statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.166, P = 0.180). Vomiting incidence and severity were statistically different during the 24 h postoperatively (P = 0.011, P = 0.004). A significant statistical difference was found in the satisfaction between the two groups during the postoperative observation period (P = 0.002).
Conclusion:Preoperative prophylactic promethazine significantly reduced the incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting within 24 h postoperatively, with few adverse effects and no serious adverse reactions. And the satisfaction of patients is improved.
Clinical Trials Registration Number:（18/12/2021）ChiCTR2100054495
Improving the prediction of protein stability changes upon mutations by geometric learning and a pre-training strategy
Authors: Gong Haipeng , Xu Yunxin , Liu Di 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Accurate prediction of the fitness and stability of a protein upon mutations is of high importance in protein engineering and design. Despite the rapid development of deep learning techniques and accumulation of experimental data, the multi-labeled nature of fitness data hinders the training of robust deep-learning-based models for the fitness and stability prediction tasks. Here, we propose three geometric-learning-based models, GeoFitness, GeoDDG and GeoDTm, for the prediction of the fitness score, ΔΔG and ΔTm of a protein upon mutations, respectively. In the optimization of GeoFitness, we designed a novel loss function to allow supervised training of a unified model using the large amount of multi-labeled fitness data in the deep mutational scanning (DMS) database. By this means, GeoFitness efficiently learns the general functional effects of protein mutations and achieves better performance over the other state-of-the-art methods. To further improve the downstream tasks of ΔΔG/ΔTm prediction, we re-utilized the encoder of GeoFitness as a pre-trained module in GeoDDG and GeoDTm to overcome the challenge of lack of sufficient amount of specifically labeled data. This pre-training strategy in combination with data expansion remarkably improves model performance and generalizability. When evaluated on the benchmark test sets (S669 for ΔΔG prediction and a newly collected set S571 for ΔTm prediction), GeoDDG and GeoDTm outperform the other state-of-the-art methods by at least 35% and 70%, respectively, in terms of the Spearman correlation coefficient between predicted and experimental values. An online server for the suite of these three predictors, GeoStab-suite, is available at http://structpred.life.tsinghua.edu.cn/server_geostab.html.