bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the effectiveness and implementation of a universal classroom-based set of educator practices to improve preschool children’s social-emotional outcomes: Protocol for a cluster randomized controlled type 2 hybrid trial in Singapore
Authors: Tan Evelyn S. , McLeod Bryce D. , Mildon Robyn A. , Shlonsky Aron , Seah Cheryl K. F. , McCrickerd Keri , Goh Esther , Kembhavi Gayatri 
Published: September 2023

Background
Providing high-quality early childhood care and education is understood as key to maximizing children’s potential to succeed later in life, as it stimulates young children’s development of skills and competencies needed to promote optimal outcomes and success later in life. Despite the government’s efforts to support the early childhood sector, educators in Singapore continue to report difficulties in implementing practices in classrooms that promote children’s social, emotional, and cognitive development. To enhance educators’ skills in these domains, we developed the Enhancing And Supporting Early development to better children’s Lives (EASEL) Approach, a set of universal, educator-delivered practices for use with 3-6-year-old children in early childhood settings to improve social, emotional, behavioral, and executive functioning (SEB+EF) outcomes.

Methods
This study will evaluate the effectiveness and implementation of the EASEL Approach in improving early childhood educators’ teaching practices and, in turn, children’s SEB+EF outcomes. We will conduct a cluster randomized controlled trial with a type 2 hybrid effectiveness-implementation study in 16 childcare centers. The EPIS (Explore, Prepare, Implement, Sustain) Framework will be used to inform the implementation of the EASEL Approach. Implementation strategies include training, educator self-assessments, practice-based coaching, and data monitoring. Our primary outcome is educators’ teaching practices. Secondary outcomes include educators’ adoption of the EASEL Approach in everyday practice, the acceptability and feasibility of the EASEL Approach, and children’s SEB+EF outcomes. Quantitative and qualitative data will be collected at baseline, six months, and after implementation.

Conclusion
Findings from this study will provide significant evidence on the effectiveness of the EASEL Approach in improving educators’ teaching practices and its impact on children’s SEB+EF outcomes and the implementation of the EASEL Approach in early childhood classrooms in Singapore.

Trial registration
This study was prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT05445947 on 6th July 2022.
Age and political leaning predict COVID-19 vaccination status at a large, multi-campus, public university in Pennsylvania: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Murphy Ryan , Pomerantz Lauren , Kuruppumullage Don Prabhani , Sung Kim Jun , Long Bradley A. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
Vaccine hesitancy during the COVID-19 pandemic impacted many higher education institutions. Understanding the factors associated with vaccine hesitancy and uptake is instrumental in directing policies and disseminating reliable information during public health emergencies.

Objective
This study evaluates associations between age, gender, and political leaning in relationship to COVID-19 vaccination status among a large, multi-campus, public university in Pennsylvania.

Methods
From October 5—November 30, 2021, a 10-minute REDCap survey was available to students, faculty, and staff 18 years of age and older at the Pennsylvania State University (PSU). Recruitment included targeted email, social media, digital advertisements, and university newspapers. 4,231 responses were received. Associations between the selected factors and vaccine hesitancy were made with Chi-square tests and generalized linear regression models using R version 4.3.1 (2023-06-16).

Results
Logistic regression approach suggested that age and political leaning have a statistically significant association with vaccine hesitancy at the 5% level. Adjusted for political leaning, odds of being vaccinated is 4 times higher for those aged 56 years or older compared to the ones aged 18 to 20 (OR = 4.35, 95% CI = (2.82, 6.85), p-value < 0.05). The results also showed that adjusted for age, the odds of being vaccinated is about 3 times higher for liberal individuals compared to far-left individuals (OR = 2.85, 95% CI = (1.45, 5.41), p-value = 0.001).

Conclusions
Age and political leaning are key predictors of vaccine uptake among members of the PSU community, knowledge of which may inform campus leadership’s public health efforts such as vaccine campaigns and policy decisions.
Jadwiga Zamoyska née Działyńska’s way to holiness
Authors: Chałupka Władysław 
Published: September 2023

Jadwiga Zamoyska was born on 4th July 1831 in Warsaw. As a married noble layperson she elaborated a very original educational system based on the Gospel and Catholic catechism, which was approved by the Popes Leo XIII and Pius X. In 1882 this system was successfully introduced into practice in her famous school for young women. Thousands of them graduated from the school being very well prepared for housework and family life. The school functioned first in Kórnik and then in Zakopane till 1948. Jadwiga Zamoyska died on 4th November 1923 in Kórnik with the reputation of holiness. In 1931 the process of her beatification was inquired by the Archdiocese of Poznań, however it was interrupted in 1939. After decades the process was resumed in 2012 by the Poznań Archbishop, Stanisław Gądecki.
The Maypole of Merry Vagabonds: Hawthorne’s “The Seven Vagabonds” and the Birth of Conservative Utopia
Authors: Nazari Hossein , Darbandi Ali Hassanpour 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Hawthorne’s often-neglected tale, “The Seven Vagabonds” (1833), portrays one of the most significant instances of a vagabond’s way of life eventually materialized in literary pursuit. This paper examines the short story in light of Mikhail Bakhtin’s notion of ‘carnival’, explicating how each vagabond arriving at the wagon offers some tantalizing glimpses of what a Bakhtinian carnival looks like. These carnivalesque features include the immediate familiarity between the characters, the suspension of moral and social rules, embodiment, and unfinalizabilty. Acting as the prelude to Stamford, the vagabonds’ merry gathering is ultimately canceled out. It is finally argued that the failure of the vagabonds’ utopia marks the narrator’s momentum of transformation, leading him to internalize the carnival spirit of vagabonds within his own imaginative mind and to change the role of carnival from an actual event to a literary pursuit, embodied in the creative and subjective art of storytelling. This transformation of carnivalization tallies well with Hawthorne’s modified political vision of utopianism in the aftermath of the Brook Farm experiment and Bakhtin’s configuration of carnival after its decline as a public event in the Renaissance.
Displaced Geographies and Uncomfortable Truths: Unveiling Anglo-Irish Silenced Past in Bram Stoker’s “The Judge’s House” (1891)
Authors: Jorge Richard 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Irish history and literature are plagued with silenced discourses and untold stories. The discourse of dominance, which maintained the Anglo-Irish élite in their ruling position for centuries, was built on the silencing of the repression exerted on the Catholic population. Fin-de-siècle Irish literature encapsulates, and portrays, such silencing, which the Anglo-Irish exerted through their dominance and abuse of the judiciary, the religious and the political statements. Postcolonial reinterpretations of these writings have helped unveil the perceptions of Irish society at the time, and how different Irish writers attempted to criticise this corruption. Bram Stoker’s Gothic story “The Judge’s House” (1891) explores how the past, albeit silenced, always returns to haunt the present, exposing Anglo-Irish anxieties over the return of the repressed native Catholic population, simultaneously denouncing the one-sided abuse conducted by an élite. This paper explores how narrative technique is used to convey the idea of the perennial return of the unsolved, guilty past. Silence over historical past continuously actualises the unresolved conflicts of the Anglo-Irish, generating the ghosts that haunt them.
The Cosmopolitan Stranger in Muriel Spark’s The Finishing School
Authors: Flor Carlos Villar , Altemir Giral Ana Isabel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to offer a critical discussion of the representation of the cosmopolitan stranger (Marotta 2010) in Muriel Spark’s last novel, The Finishing School (2004). A category taken from the social sciences, mostly from the work of G. Simmel and Z. Bauman, the stranger as a literary figure has been associated with binary modes of relationship, whose versatile presence is usually responsible for destabilising socio-cultural spaces through his/her permeability and ambivalence. This notion will provide a valuable background for a better understanding of the game of doubles played in Spark’s novel through which the author challenges binary logic in character development and trespasses symbolic boundaries involving the encounter of otherness and a re-evaluation of the self.
Our study re-examines Spark’s avant-gardism and foresight in her perception of a figure who reflects contemporary, multiple, playful and hybrid identities, one who may occupy this interstitial and ambivalent space which problematises social and cultural boundaries as unstable and permeable rather than reinforcing them. It adds a new perspective on Spark’s final novel which, as most of her later ones, may be said to be permeated by a sense of hybridity as a synonym for completeness, and a yearning for transition by implying the acceptance of new forms of interpretation and in-between spaces where fictional representation is negotiated and the intersection of opposites may enhance the inherent duality of existence.1
“Words, Words, Words”: Mourid Barghouti’s Appropriation of Shakespeare’s Hamlet in I Saw Ramallah
Authors: Hamamra Bilal , Qabaha Ahmad , Qinnab Sondos 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article examines Mourid Barghouti’s appropriation of Shakespeare’s Hamlet (1603) in his memoir I Saw Ramallah published originally in Arabic in 1997 and translated into English in 2000. The memoir documents his temporary return to Palestine after 30 years of exile and his criticism of the delusional life of Palestinians post Oslo accords which, as he argues, undermined the rights of Palestinians for autonomy, sovereignty and self-determination. Barghouti associates post-Oslo Palestinians with the fictional figure of Hamlet who is unpacking his heart with words rather than taking action against Claudius. According to Barghouti, Hamlet’s merry jests and laughter have striking similarities with many post-Oslo Palestinians who romanticize their injuries, turning their defeat into victory and their tragedy into comedy. Furthermore, Barghouti associates his feeling of displacement and internal exile with that of Hamlet who is displaced in his homeland, Denmark. Both Hamlet and Barghouti retreat behind the wall of silence and turn their exile and displacement into a subjective space of creativity and critical consciousness. We argue that Barghouti writes the Palestinian present through the classic, and we illustrate that Barghouti’s I Saw Ramallah has rendered the personal and national larger and global, permitting the specific and multifarious Palestinian oppression to be understood on grander scales. Thus, I Saw Ramallah suggests broad ethical messages, gerneralizing the Palestinian struggle to the level of significant moral questions of oppression, injustice and valor.
Forms and Functions of Description in the (New) Weird
Authors: Rauth Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This essay discusses how and to what effect Weird and New Weird fiction use description in unique and genre-defining ways. Using H. P. Lovecraft’s “The Call of Cthulhu” and China Miéville’s The City & The City as examples, it shows how the Weird relegates a comparatively large part of the text to description and attempts to elicit dread as an aesthetic effect. The essay argues that the Weird breaks with the traditional use of description by employing formally realist tendencies which it defies functionally, and by combining over-description with the failure to describe, whereas the New Weird is more concise in its use of description, ties it more closely to the narrative, and is less reliant on descriptive failures. Both the Weird and the New Weird demand more active reader participation in their creation of aesthetic illusion, which they encourage through the frames they create around their descriptions, thus preparing readers for the potential of aesthetic distance in the reception process and diminishing its effect. The analysis emphasizes the potential of description to be more than a subordinate to the narrative mode and to be a central component in the formation of a text’s implied worldview.
CD4+ T cell count in HIV/TB co-infection and co-occurrence with HL: Case report and literature review
Authors: Xiao Pingping , Chen Xuyan , Chen Yongquan , Fan Wei , Dong Zhigao , Huang Jinmei , Zhang Yi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected population, especially HIV with concomitant tuberculosis (TB) or Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL), numerous risk factors have been reported in recent years. Among them, the decreased CD4+ T cell count was recognized as the common risk factor. We report a case of a patient with HIV and TB and HL co-occurrence, in which patient’s CD4+ T cell count was inconsistent with disease. A 58-year-old male presented with fever and shortness of breath that persisted for 2 months. The patient had a 4-year history of HIV infection and underwent antiretroviral therapy (ART) effectively. After blood test, computed tomography, bone biopsy, and lymphoma biopsy, the patient was diagnosed with skeletal TB and HL, underwent TB treatment and received ART, and underwent four cycles of chemotherapy. CD4+ T cell count was not decreased before diagnosed with TB/HL and increased in this case after the fourth cycle of chemotherapy. We collected and analyzed CD4+ T cell counts in our case and reviewed relevant literature. It is suggested that CD4+ T cell count may be insufficient to predict the risk of HIV-related disease, especially lymphoproliferative disorders.
Resistivity cutoff of low-resistivity and low-contrast pays in sandstone reservoirs from conventional well logs: A case of Paleogene Enping Formation in A-Oilfield, Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea
Authors: Liu Chenglin , Wang Zeyu , Gu Zhenyu , Hu Qiuhong , Zhou Kaijin , Liang Quanquan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Deep sandstone reservoirs in the Paleogene Enping Formation of A-Oilfield, Pearl River Mouth Basin, are significant offshore petroleum targets for this basin. Compared with adjacent water zones and shales, the pays are of low resistivity and low contrast (LRLC). Without new unconventional well-logging techniques, conventional well-logging interpretation has encountered difficulties in these LRLC pays. In this article, based on the Simandoux water–oil saturation equation, influence factors of formation resistivity in sandstone LRLC pays are simulated theoretically. Resistivity cutoff is calculated at average reservoir conditions and proved by oil-testing results. It is applied to oil and water in LWD, and the possible genesis of LRLC is discussed. In sandstone LRLC pays, the resistivity of the oil zone is larger than the resistivity cutoff; the resistivity of the water–oil zone approximates the resistivity cutoff and the resistivity of the water zone is lower than this threshold. At average shale volume and porosity of pays in Enping Formation, the resistivity cutoff is referenced at 4.2 Ω·m overall. In sandstone reservoirs, low formation resistivity in the Enping Formation of A-Oilfield might result from high formation water salinity, complicated pore-throat structure, well physical properties, and the presence of conductive and clay minerals. The resistivity cutoff offers important information in real-time tracking of LWD. The proposed method is demonstrated to be beneficial for identifying hydrocarbons and monitoring trajectory in LRLC pays.
Hall classes in linear groups
Authors: de Giovanni Francesco , Trombetti Marco , Wehrfritz Bertram A. F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A well-known theorem of Philip Hall states that if a group 𝐺 has a nilpotent normal subgroup 𝑁 such that

G
/

N
′

G/N^{\prime}

is nilpotent, then 𝐺 itself is nilpotent.
We say that a group class 𝔛 is a Hall class if it contains every group 𝐺 admitting a nilpotent normal subgroup 𝑁 such that

G
/

N
′

G/N^{\prime}

belongs to 𝔛.
Examples have been given in [F. de Giovanni, M. Trombetti and B. A. F. Wehfritz, Hall classes of groups, to appear] to show that finite-by-𝔛 groups do not form a Hall class for many natural choices of the Hall class 𝔛.
Although these examples are often linear, our aim here is to prove that the situation is much better within certain natural subclasses of the universe of linear groups.
The association between NRF2 transcriptional gene dysregulation and IDH mutation in Grade 4 astrocytoma
Authors: Kurdi Maher , Fadul Motaz M. , Addas Bassam J. , Faizo Eyad , Alkhayyat Shadi , Okal Fahad , Alkhotani Alaa , Sabbagh Abdulrahman J. , Abutalib Mohammed , Bamaga Ahmed K. , Fathaddin Amany A. , Baeesa Saleh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a transcriptional gene factor related to nuclear factor erythroid 2, plays a role in the development of gliomas with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation. Its impact on tumour recurrence has seldom been investigated.

Methods
A group of 34 patients diagnosed with Grade 4 astrocytoma was included in a retrospective cohort. NRF2 protein and gene expressions were assessed using different profiling assays. The association between IDH mutation, NRF2 expression, and tumor recurrence was investigated.

Results
The mean patients’ age in this study was 50 years. Out of the total number of tumors analyzed, 21 of them had IDH mutation. NRF2 protein expression was found to be overexpressed in 27 tumors and reduced in 7 tumors. Additionally, NRF2 gene was upregulated in 24 tumors and downregulated in 10 tumors. Insignificant statistical difference was observed in recurrence-free interval (RFI) between patients with upregulated or downregulated NRF2 gene or protein expressions (p-value>0.05). However, this relationship is distinctive when NRF2 expression was compared to IDH mutation. Tumors with different levels of NRF2 expressions and IDH mutations showed significant statistical variation in RFI (p-value=0.001). There was insignificant impact on RFI among patients receiving different chemotherapies (TMZ or TMZ plus) who had abnormal NRF2 gene activities (p-value=0.97).

Conclusions
WHO-Grade 4 astrocytoma with IDH mutation and altered NRF2 expression showed a delayed tumor recurrence compared to IDH-wildtype glioblastoma.
Analysing the sustainability of swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis carabauesis) farming as a protein source and germplasm
Authors: Rohaeni Eni Siti , Santoso Arif Dwi , Ariningsih Ening , Widaningsih Neni , Hutahaean Lintje , Priyanto Dwi , Ilham Nyak , Suharyon Suharyon , Herdis Herdis , Widiawati Yeni , Hadiatry Maureen Chrisye , Ermuna Sara Sorayya , Mardiharini Maesti , Sugandi Dedi , Bakrie Bachtar , Wasito Wasito 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe swamp buffalo is a valuable genetic resource and an important source of animal protein in Indonesia. Unfortunately, their population is decreasing due to problems attributed to conventional farming systems. The objective of the study was to examine the sustainability of swamp buffalo farming and identify the attributes that influence its sustainability. Data were collected through a focus group discussion involving experts and business actors in swamp buffalo farming and a survey on buffalo farmers. The study examined 52 attributes within 6 dimensions: ecological, economic, social, technological, institutional, and welfare dimensions. The data were analysed using multidimensional scaling through the Rapid Appraisal for Swamp Buffalo technique. The results of the study demonstrate that swamp buffalo farming in Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU), Hulu Sungai Selatan (HSS), and Hulu Sungai Tengah (HST) districts in South Kalimantan province has sustainability indices of 51.70, 53.13, and 48.87%, respectively. This study identified 12 leverage attributes that are very influential to the sustainability of swamp buffalo farming, i.e., climatic conditions, land suitability, marketing, income from swamp buffalo farming, mutual assistance, education level, processing technology, reproduction technology, the role of local government, capital institutions, programs from central government, and farmers’ welfare. Swamp buffalo farming in HSU and HSS is moderately sustainable, while in HST, it is less sustainable, suggesting improvement in the key factors influencing the sustainability of swamp buffalo farming. This study offers valuable insights for the government in formulating policies and programs for developing swamp buffalo farming and conserving swamp buffalo germplasm.
Elucidating the efficacy of plant-derived triterpenoids for treating urinary tract infections: insights from experimental investigation, quantum chemical analysis, and molecular docking
Authors: Bassey Victoria M. , Godfrey Obinna C. , Benjamin Innocent , Okoro Chinyere U. , Shagal Mohammed H. , Emori Wilfred , Jumbo Joshua T. , Edeghor Uwamere O. , Runde Musa , Godwin Joshua , Mbahi Mary A. , Louis Hitler 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Urinary tract infections persist as recurring maladies in human health, triggered by diverse bacterial species. The rise of antibiotic resistance necessitates novel therapeutic agents. This investigation delves into the experimental and theoretical exploration of three compounds—Methyl ganoderate B (A1), 12-acetoxy-15-hydroxy-3,7,11,23-tetraoxolanost-8-en-26-oic acid (A2), and 15-hydroxy-3,7,11,23-tetraoxolanost-8,20-dien-26-oic acid (A3)—via Density Functional Theory (DFT). Leveraging geometrical optimization, spectroscopic (FT-IR, LC–MS) analysis, electronic property studies in polar (water) and non-polar (cyclohexane) solvents, we uncover their solvent-dependent stability and reactivity. Quantum descriptors reveal A1’s elevated reactivity (−7.113 eV energy gap), while A2 showcases enhanced stability (−4.981 eV energy gap). Molecular docking investigations employing significant Escherichia coli adhesion proteins (PDB: 5LNE and 5LNE) spotlight the compounds’ superior binding affinities over the standard drug (sulfamethoxazole). ADMET studies unveil the compounds’ enhanced druglikeness against E. coli-caused urinary tract infections. Notably, predicted toxicity evaluation assigns A1, A2, and A3 LD50 values of 5000 mg/kg, 6802 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg, respectively, aligning with toxicity classes 5, 6, and 4. Demonstrating non-hepatotoxic, non-cytotoxic, non-carcinogenic, and non-mutagenic attributes, this study underlines the substantial potential of the investigated compounds as robust agents against urinary tract infections.