bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting how University Students Comply with Cybersecurity Measures: A Case of South Africa
Authors: Mtambeka Papama , Mtegha Chimwemwe Queen , Chigona Wallace , Tuyeni Teofelus Tonateni 
Published: May 2023

Universities across the globe are experiencing a surge of cyberattacks due to the increased usage of information communication technologies (ICTs). To counteract cyberattacks, universities have implemented cybersecurity measures to ensure that students and the universities’ critical infrastructures are protected. Unfortunately, universities in developing countries continue to face increased cyberattacks despite implementing cybersecurity measures. This study explores the factors that affect students’ compliance with universities’ cybersecurity measures.The study used a case of the University of Cape Town in South Africa, adopting qualitative research and an interpretive paradigm. We used a deductive approach to theory using Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) as the lens for inquiry. The sample for the study consisted of 40 participants, of which 35 were students and five were staff members of the University. The sample of the study was selected by convenience. We collected empirical data from the participants using semi-structured interviews. The data was then analysed using thematic analysis on NVivo software. The study found that students’ compliance with cybersecurity measures is affected by their perceptions of the seriousness of the threats, the likelihood of the threats happening, their ability to protect themselves against threat, their belief in the effectiveness of the recommended solutions against cyber threats, and the costs associated with compliance to cybersecurity measures. When students perceive the risk as not severe enough to worry about, they do not find it necessary to comply with the University’s cybersecurity measures. Similarly, when the students deem that the recommended compliance actions will not be practical or affordable, they do not adhere to the university cybersecurity measures.
Classifying Protein Families with Learned Compressed Representations
Authors: Dehghanpoor Ramin , Afrasiabi Fatemeh , Fogel Charles , Dao Tung , Gautam Suman , Nehela Aanab , Nehela Ahmad , Haehn Daniel , Haspel Nurit 
Published: May 2023

Classifying proteins into families is an important task when studying newly discovered proteins. If we can identify the family a protein belongs to, we can predict features without knowing the exact structure of such a protein.However, this grouping process is challenging. We propose a two-stage algorithm that classifies proteins into families by combining a dimensionality reduction technique using a variational autoencoder with learned fingerprint representations using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Our models use fewer parameters than existing methods but perform better, with our variational autoencoder achieving 94% accuracy in reconstructing the most common amino acid in a sequence alignment, and the neural network provides 98-100% accuracy in classifying protein families. We developed a software framework to access our algorithms. All code and data are publicly available at https://github.com/ramindehghanpoor/CLI.
Development of Project Based Learning with STEAM Approach Model Integrated Science Literacy in Improving Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Nuraini Nuraini , Asri Indra Himayatul , Fajri Nurul 
Published: May 2023

In preparing students who have the skills to respond to the challenges of the times and face the demands of 21st century learning, teachers need to develop students' science literacy and design learning in accordance with the characteristics and learning outcomes of students. The purpose of this study is to develop learning with PjBL with STEAM approach model integrated science literacy. Research is carried out through the stages of needs analysis, product design, product development, product implementation and evaluation. The research object was grade X students of SMAN 2 Selong totaling 35 students with 25 female students and 10 male students. Research instruments include needs analysis questionnaire guidelines, product validation guidelines, product practicality guidelines, teacher response guidelines and learning outcomes tests on ecosystem materials. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive analysis. Data analysis showed that the product developed was classified as valid with an average score of validation by 3 experts, namely linguists, material experts and learning technology experts respectively 83.91, 84.64 and 83.73. The product is also classified as practical with an average practicality score of 82.63. The product is classified as effective with an effectiveness percentage of 88.57%. The developed product has high potential in improving student learning outcomes on ecosystem materials with an N-Gain of 0.76
FEEDING MANAGEMENT OF SUPER INTENSIVE TILAPIA FISH (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) CULTURE
Authors: Alhijrah Muhammad Rifki , Scabra Andre Rachmat 
Published: May 2023

Ikan nila adalah satu komoditas yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Permintaan akan ikan nila berdasarkan tahun ke tahun terus mengalami peningkatan, lantaran ikan ini digemari dan dianggap pula menjadi aquatic chicken bahkan ini sudah dikenal menjadi aquatic turkey. Kegiatan ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Manajemen Pemberian Pakan Benih Ikan Nila Nirwana (Oreochromis niloticus) Super Intensif Di Tambak Desa Teratak, Kecamatan Batukliang Utara, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu partisipasi aktif, observasi, dan wawancara. Data yang diperoleh selama kegiatan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Kegiatan ini dimulai dari persiapan kolam, persiapan media, persiapan benih, pengaplikasian bahan steroid, herbal dan probiotik, serta pengelolaan kualitas air. Manajemen pakan benih ikan nila nirwana diberikan sebanyak 3 kali sehari dengan pakan sebanyak 412 gram selama 21 hari dengan pakan yang dicampurkan dengan bahan steroid untuk maskuinisasi atau pengarahan kelamin ikan nila dari betina ke jantan. Setelah melewati 21 hari benih ikan diberikan pakan campuran probiotik dan herbal sebanyak 1,5 kg pakan untuk 11 petak kolam benih. Padat tebar per petak kolam benih yaitu 140.000 ekor, dari jumlah padat tebar tersebut jumlah ikan yang berhasil sampai pendederan atau pembesaran yaitu sebanyak 110.000 ekor. Panjang ikan nila dari awal pemeliharaan sampai 1 bulan pemeliharaan yaitu 2-3,5 cm. Pengelolaan kualitas dilakukan dengan penambahan probiotik, herbal dan molase sebanyak 3 kali sehari sesuai dengan keadaan cuaca.
Parametric Analysis of Surface Roughness and Metal Removal Rate during Electrical Discharge Machining of O1 Tool Steel
Authors: Ahmed Baqer A. 
Published: May 2023

This work studies the impact of input machining parameters of Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) on the machining process performance. Tool steel O1 was selected as the workpiece material, copper as the electrode material, and kerosene as the dielectric medium. Experimental runs have been carried out with a Design of Experiment (DOE) technique. Twenty tests are accomplished with the current range of (18 to 24 Ampere), a pulse duration range of (150 to 200 µs), and a pulse-off time range of (25 to 75 µs). Based upon the experimental study's output results, the EDM parameter's effect (voltage of power supply, discharge current, pulse duration, and pulse pause interval) on the responses of the process represented by surface roughness value Ra and Metal Removal MR rate. The results obtained by the DOE approach are analyzed by STATISTICA software. It has been concluded that an increase in the current and pulse duration maximizes both metal removal rate and surface roughness. At the same time, they are minimized by maximizing the pulse pause interval.
Labor and legal status of aviation personnel in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and its peculiarities
Authors: Bershadska Yu. V. 
Published: May 2023

The relevance and necessity of analyzing and thoroughly researching the issue of legal regulation of aviation personnel’s labor in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is due to the specific focus of aviation personnel’s labor activity, unlike other mass professions and specialties, the use of sources of the increased danger, the strenuous nature of work, and various external conditions under which the labor function is realized, as well as the availability of proper health conditions defined by standards and requirements, mandatory certification and admission of aviation personnel to activities in the aviation industry, the mandatory certification and admission of aviation personnel to activities in the aviation industry, and the performance by aviation personnel, along with their professional duties, of a law enforcement function aimed at ensuring and maintaining order in the State and society, and increasing the country’s defense capability. Therefore, the solution of problems arising within the framework of labor relations in the field of aviation is one of the important components of the analysis of the labor and legal status of aviation personnel in the aviation component of the Ministry of Internal Affairs system.
Based on the analysis of scientific views of scholars, it has been examined theoretical approaches to the definition of the concepts of “status”, “social status”, “legal status”, “labor legal personality”, and elements of the employee’s labor and legal status; based on the analysis of regulations, the author has examined the requirements for aviation personnel. It has been determined the peculiarities of the labor and legal status of aviation personnel in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine: aviation orientation of the labor function; compliance with the qualification requirements on a professional basis, which involves mastering knowledge in the aviation industry, practical preparedness and training of flight personnel, special requirements regarding age, health status of a person, and proper knowledge of a foreign language; mandatory certification and admission of aviation personnel to aviation activities in accordance with the aviation rules of Ukraine, availability of a duly issued certificate; regulation of the labor status of aviation personnel by both general and special rules; performance of law enforcement functions by aviation personnel in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine aimed at realization of the interests of the state extremely important for the protection of law and order and security in the state and society; special regulation of working hours, rest periods, responsibilities, and guarantees that contribute to the stability of labor relations. Considering the established features, it has beendefined the labor and legal status of aviation personnel in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine.
Legal support of corporate legal relations: priority in terms of imperative or discretionary nature
Authors: Zhornokui Yu. M. 
Published: May 2023

Current state of legal support for corporate relations and doctrinal approaches to determining the priority of their mandatory or dispositive regulation have been analyzed. Attention has been drawn to the fact that in order to ensure unimpeded exercise of subjective corporate rights by each participant of a corporate organisation, a balance of regulatory regulation and self-regulation should be developed, which should be built from mandatory requirements to discretionary principles.
At the current stage of the corporate legislation development, there is a combination of dispositive and mandatory mechanisms of regulatory support of corporate legal relations. The regulatory framework for the establishment, operation and termination of corporations, as well as the exercise and protection of the rights of their participants (shareholders), does not allow a clear answer to the question of the priority of applying the dispositive or mandatory method to these relations. Despite the fact that corporate relations being civil are subject to the general principles of civil law, the need to ensure the stability of civil turnover and protect the rights of their participants necessitates the urgent regulation of certain aspects of corporate movement.
It has been identified a tendency to expand the scope of dispositive principles in the mechanism of legal regulation of corporate relations. It is clearly crystallised in relation to certain organisational and legal forms of corporate entities. For objective reasons, it is less evident in relation to a public joint-stock company. The development of self-regulatory elements in relation to a limited liability company could be welcomed, given its intermediate position between the classic business entity such as a joint-stock company and a general or limited partnership. However, with regard to a private joint-stock company, the possibility of strengthening the dispositive principles should be taken with caution. Despite its non-public nature, such a company remains, first and foremost, a capital association and should not be transformed into a limited liability company, and its shares should not be recognised as a surrogate for securities.
Although the corporate agreement contains provisions on the exercise (refusal to exercise) of corporate rights by participants (shareholders), they are not local, but are individual regulators that do not apply to the scope of the company's functioning and activities, which does not indicate the normative nature of such a contractual structure.
The Perfect Victim: ‘Young girls’, domestic trafficking, and anti-prostitution politics in Canada
Authors: Durisin Elya M , van der Meulen Emily 
Published: May 2023

<p>This article explores debates among politicians in Ontario, Canada, regarding anti-trafficking legislation introduced in 2016 and 2017. We find that contemporary discussions in the political sphere have shifted away from concerns about the trafficking of migrant exotic dancers and toward the sexual exploitation of girls and young women, represented as idealised, inculpable victims. We suggest that this conflates the diverse experiences of girls and adult women, configures them all as child-like, and renders both groups as being in need of state protection. The new ‘perfect victim’ serves to legitimise policy approaches that criminalise sexual services, despite those laws being deemed harmful to sex workers in courts and other venues. </p>
Participatory and Action-Oriented Dissertations: The Challenges and Importance of Community-Engaged Graduate Research
Authors: van der Meulen Emily 
Published: May 2023

<p>Graduate students commonly experience isolation and estrangement when conducting their final research projects, which can contribute to difficulties in completion. A creative and socially beneficial way to offset academic isolation is for graduate students to engage in participatory and action-oriented research projects with local communities. Facilitating a research study with a local partner can be a richly rewarding experience. This article argues that students who enjoy working in collaborative environments and want their final research projects to lead to beneficial social change can find fulfillment in action research (AR) methodologies. Critiqued by some for its lack of tangible and practical methods and its over-reliance on ideology, others, including the author, argue that the benefits of participatory research far outweigh the challenges.</p>
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The survival analysis of rifampicin/multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients based on the levels of inflammatory biomarkers: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yu Qi , Luo Hong , Hu Shengling , Sun Dan , Nie Qi , Yan Jisong 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe development of tuberculosis and inflammatory status are closely related. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of inflammatory biomarkers in patients with rifampicin/multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB).Patients and methodsThis study recruited 504 patients with RR/MDR-TB from Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital. A total of 348 RR/MDR patients from January 2017 to December 2019 were defined as training set, the rest of patients as validation set. The patients were divided into three-risk degrees according to the levels of inflammatory biomarkers (median, 85th percentile). Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were used to assess survival differences among the groups. Cox proportion risk regression was used to identify risk factors for RR/MDR-TB mortality.ResultsIn training set, cox proportion risk regression analysis showed that high age (≥60 years) [OR (95%CI):1.053(1.03188-1.077)], smoking [OR (95%CI):2.206(1.191-4.085)], and bronchiectasia [OR (95%CI):2.867(1.548-5.311)] were prognostic factors for RR/MDR-TB patients. In addition, lower survival rates were observed in high CAR group [OR (95%CI):1.464(1.275-1.681)], high CPR group[OR (95%CI):1.268(1.101-1.459)], high CLR group[OR (95%CI):1.004(1.002-1.005)], high NLR group[OR (95%CI):1.103(1.069-1.139)], high PLR group[OR (95%CI):1.003(1.002-1.004)], and high MLR group[OR (95%CI):3.471(2.188-5.508)].Furthermore, AUCs of age, smoking, bronchiectasia, CAR, CPR, CLR, NLR, PLR, and MLR for predicting mortality in RR/MDR-TB patients were 0.697(95%CI:0.618-0.775), 0.603(95%CI:0.512-0.695), 0.629(95%CI:0.538-0.721), 0.748(95%CI:0.675-0.821, P&lt;0.05), 0.754(95%CI:0.683-0.824, P&lt;0.05), 0.759(95%CI:0.689-0.828, P&lt;0.05), 0.789(95%CI:0.731-0.846, P&lt;0.05), 0.740(95%CI:0.669-0.812, P&lt;0.05), and 0.752(95%CI:0.685-0.819, P&lt;0.05), respectively. Importantly, the AUC of predicting mortality of combination of six inflammatory biomarkers [0.823 (95%CI:0.769-0.876)] is higher than any single inflammatory biomarkers. Additionally, the similar results are also obtained in the validation set.ConclusionInflammatory biomarkers could predict the survival status of RR/MDR-TB patients. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the level of inflammatory biomarkers in clinical practice.
Desulfovibrio bacteria enhance alpha-synuclein aggregation in a Caenorhabditis elegans model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Huynh Vy A. , Takala Timo M. , Murros Kari E. , Diwedi Bidhi , Saris Per E. J. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe aggregation of the neuronal protein alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) is a key feature in the pathology of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Alpha-syn aggregation has been suggested to be induced in the gut cells by pathogenic gut microbes such as Desulfovibrio bacteria, which has been shown to be associated with PD. This study aimed to investigate whether Desulfovibrio bacteria induce alpha-syn aggregation.MethodsFecal samples of ten PD patients and their healthy spouses were collected for molecular detection of Desulfovibrio species, followed by bacterial isolation. Isolated Desulfovibrio strains were used as diets to feed Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes which overexpress human alpha-syn fused with yellow fluorescence protein. Curli-producing Escherichia coli MC4100, which has been shown to facilitate alpha-syn aggregation in animal models, was used as a control bacterial strain, and E. coli LSR11, incapable of producing curli, was used as another control strain. The head sections of the worms were imaged using confocal microscopy. We also performed survival assay to determine the effect of Desulfovibrio bacteria on the survival of the nematodes.Results and DiscussionStatistical analysis revealed that worms fed Desulfovibrio bacteria from PD patients harbored significantly more (P&lt;0.001, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test) and larger alpha-syn aggregates (P&lt;0.001) than worms fed Desulfovibrio bacteria from healthy individuals or worms fed E. coli strains. In addition, during similar follow-up time, worms fed Desulfovibrio strains from PD patients died in significantly higher quantities than worms fed E. coli LSR11 bacteria (P&lt;0.01). These results suggest that Desulfovibrio bacteria contribute to PD development by inducing alpha-syn aggregation.
Elemental cycles in the coralline alga Neogoniolithon hauckii as a recorder of temperature variability in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Hetzinger Steffen , Grohganz Madleen , Halfar Jochen , Hathorne Ed , Ballesteros Enric , Kersting Diego K. 
Published: May 2023

Coralline algae play important ecological roles throughout the photic zone of the world’s oceans. Recent studies have shown that attached-living coralline algae can contain records of past climate variability. So far, algal-based paleo-reconstructions are mainly available from mid- to high-latitudes, while in low latitude and temperate regions only few examples exist. Here, we investigate samples from the attached-living encrusting coralline algal species Neogoniolithon hauckii (Rothpletz) R.A Townsend &amp; Huisman [= Neogoniolithon mamillosum (Hauck) Setchell &amp; L.R. Mason, nom illeg.] from a temperate site in the Mediterranean Sea to assess its potential as an environmental recorder. The specimens were collected at different water depths (20 and 40 m) in the Columbretes Islands (Spain). Sclerochronological analysis of sectioned samples revealed seasonal growth patterns. Mg/Ca, Li/Ca, and Ba/Ca ratios were measured in the algal skeletons using laser ablation inductively coupled mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) in ultra-high resolution. We report a mean vertical extension rate of 1.1 to 1.2 mm/year (based on analysis of Mg/Ca cycles in 40 m and 20 m samples), representing the first growth rate measurement for this species. In addition, subannual banding patterns were mapped, measured, and could be linked to high frequency variability in laser-analyzed Mg/Ca ratios. Elemental ratios analyzed in Neogoniolithon hauckii were compared to in situ water temperatures measured at the water depth of sample collection. Our results show significant positive relationships between algal Mg/Ca (R=0.55) as well as Li/Ca ratios (R=0.46) and in situ measured temperature data (40 m specimen). Ba/Ca ratios show no significant correlation to temperature and may be influenced by other factors. These data suggest potential of this species for climate reconstructions in warm-temperate regions as Neogoniolithon hauckii is not only widely distributed in the Mediterranean, but also one of the few species that may be used as a temperature archive for mesophotic coralligenous assemblages that are strongly affected by the recent anthropogenic temperature rise. Further calibration studies are needed to test the element-temperature relationships on samples with longer growth records and in different settings and water depths.