bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A tilt-wing VTOL UAV configuration: Flight dynamics modelling and transition control simulation
Authors: Daud Filho A.C. , Belo E.M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to present a vertical take-off and landing unmanned aerial vehicle (VTOL UAV) configuration and numerically simulate its flight transition from hover to cruise and from cruise to hover. It can tilt the canard and wing along with two attached propellers. Additionally, two fixed front propellers are pointing upwards. Multi-body equations of motion are derived for this concept of aircraft, which are used to compute the flight transition trajectory from hover to cruise configuration. Furthermore, a transition control algorithm based on gain scheduling is described, which stabilises the aircraft while it accelerates from hover to cruise, gradually tilting the wing along with its propellers, sequentially switching between equilibrium states, as the stability cost functions thresholds are reached. The transition control algorithm of the conceptual aircraft model is numerically simulated.
The bimodality of the East Siberian fast ice extent: mechanisms and changes
Authors: Selyuzhenok Valeria , Krumpen Thomas , Demchev Denis , Gerdes Rüdiger , Haas Christian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUsing operational sea-ice maps, we provide first insight into the seasonal evolution of fast ice in the East Siberian Sea for the period between 1999 and 2021. The fast ice season tends to start later by 4.7 d per decade and to end earlier by 9.7 d per decade. As a result, there is a trend towards a shorter length of fast ice season by 2 weeks per decade. The analysis of air temperatures indicates that onset and end of the fast ice season are largely driven by thermodynamic processes. Two spatial modes (large, L-mode and small, S-mode) of East Siberian fast ice cover which have significant areal differences were distinguished. The occurrence of L- and S-modes was linked to the polarity of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index. Negative AO phase leads to increased sea-ice convergence in the region, which in turn favours sea-ice grounding and promotes the development of large fast ice extent (L-mode). Lower deformation rates in the region during positive AO phase does not allow the formation of grounded features which results in small fast ice extent (S-mode). An analysis of sea-ice divergence confirms that L-mode seasons are characterised by higher on-shore convergence compared with S-mode seasons.
Integrated watershed management solutions for healthy coastal ecosystems and people
Authors: Wakwella Ama , Wenger Amelia , Jenkins Aaron , Lamb Joleah , Kuempel Caitlin D. , Claar Danielle , Corbin Chris , Falinski Kim , Rivera Antonella , Grantham Hedley S. , Jupiter Stacy D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTropical coastal ecosystems are in decline worldwide due to an increasing suite of human activities, which threaten the biodiversity and human wellbeing that these ecosystems support. One of the major drivers of decline is poor water quality from land-based activities. This review summarises the evidence of impacts to coastal ecosystems, particularly coral reefs, from sediments, nutrients, chemicals and pathogens entering coastal zones through surface and groundwater. We also assess how these pollutants affect the health of coastal human populations through: (1) enhanced transmission of infectious diseases; (2) reduced food availability and nutritional deficit from decline of fisheries associated with degraded habitat; and (3) food poisoning from consumption of contaminated seafood. We use this information to identify opportunities for holistic approaches to integrated watershed management (IWM) that target overlapping drivers of ill-health in downstream coastal ecosystems and people. We demonstrate that appropriate management requires taking a multi-sector, systems approach that accounts for socio-ecological feedbacks, with collaboration required across environmental, agricultural, public health, and water, sanitation and hygiene sectors, as well as across the land–sea interface. Finally, we provide recommendations of key actions for IWM that can help achieve multiple sustainable development goals for both nature and people on coasts.
New perspective on DNA response pathway (DDR) in glioblastoma, focus on classic biomarkers and emerging roles of ncRNAs
Authors: Pirlog Bianca Oana , Ilut Silvina , Pirlog Radu , Chiroi Paul , Nutu Andreea , Radutiu Delia Ioana , Cuc George Daniel , Berindan-Neagoe Ioana , Nabavi Seyed Fazel , Filosa Rosanna , Nabavi Seyed Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent type of primary brain cancer, having a median survival of only 15 months. The current standard of care includes a combination of surgery, radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy with temozolomide, but with limited results. Moreover, multiple studies have shown that tumour relapse and resistance to classic therapeutic approaches are common events that occur in the majority of patients, and eventually leading to death. New approaches to better understand the intricated tumour biology involved in GBM are needed in order to develop personalised treatment approaches. Advances in cancer biology have widen our understanding over the GBM genome and allowing a better classification of these tumours based on their molecular profile.

Methods
A new targeted therapeutic approach that is currently investigated in multiple clinical trials in GBM is represented by molecules that target various defects in the DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway, a mechanism activated by endogenous and exogenous factors that induce alteration of DNA, and is involved for the development of chemotherapy and RT resistance. This intricate pathway is regulated by p53, two important kinases ATR and ATM and non-coding RNAs including microRNAs, long-non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs that regulate the expression of all the proteins involved in the pathway.

Results
Currently, the most studied DDR inhibitors are represented by PARP inhibitors (PARPi) with important results in ovarian and breast cancer. PARPi are a class of tumour agnostic drugs that showed their efficacy also in other localisations such as colon and prostate tumours that have a molecular signature associated with genomic instability. These inhibitors induce the accumulation of intracellular DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis.

Conclusions
This study aims to provide an integrated image of the DDR pathway in glioblastoma under physiological and treatment pressure with a focus of the regulatory roles of ncRNAs. The DDR inhibitors are emerging as an important new therapeutic approach for tumours with genomic instability and alterations in DDR pathways. The first clinical trials with PARPi in GBM are currently ongoing and will be presented in the article. Moreover, we consider that by incorporating the regulatory network in the DDR pathway in GBM we can fill the missing gaps that limited previous attempts to effectively target it in brain tumours. An overview of the importance of ncRNAs in GBM and DDR physiology and how they are interconnected is presented.
Parasitic waves and micro-breaking on highly nonlinear gravity–capillary waves in a convergent channel
Authors: Xu Chang , Perlin Marc 
Published: May 2023

Gravity–capillary waves are waves influenced by both the effects of surface tension and gravity; these waves are at small scales with wavelength range from approximately 10 cm to less than 1 cm. Gravity–capillary waves play a significant role in air–sea interactions, and they exhibit much different features compared with gravity waves. They can be observed widely on the sea surface. Parasitic waves (capillary waves generated by and that ride on gravity and/or gravity–capillary waves) and micro-breaking can be observed on the water surface with winds; however, the presence of wind makes it difficult to analyse the mechanisms of the wave itself. In this paper, parasitic waves and micro-breaking on gravity–capillary waves are examined experimentally, both in the absence of wind. Parasitic waves and axisymmetric micro-breaking waves are generated mechanically in a convergent channel, where energy density increases due to spatial convergence. Three experimental techniques are used to measure wave properties: planar laser-induced fluorescence, particle image velocimetry and shadowgraphs. The wave profile evolution and vortices beneath the parasitic waves are studied. The micro-breaking of gravity–capillary waves is observed on a surface with added surfactant. The surfactant increases the Bond number, and makes breaking possible in these small-scale waves. Energy dissipation of parasitic waves and micro-breaking is quantified, and the enhanced dissipation caused by parasitic waves is identified through the experiments. In this study, mechanically generated breaking waves with wavelengths less than 10 cm are studied for the first time, without the effect of wind. The results yield insight into wave characteristics and energy dissipation on the air–sea interface at small scales.
Effect of postruminal supply of linseed oil in dairy cows: 2. Milk fatty acid profile and oxidative stability
Authors: Rico Daniel E. , Gervais Rachel , Peňa-Cotrino Sara M. , Lebeuf Yolaine , Chouinard P. Yvan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOur objective was to study the effect of increasing postruminal supply of linseed oil (L-oil), as a source of cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 18:3, on milk fatty acid profile and to assess the resulting impact on the development of volatile degradation products during the storage of homogenized milk. Five Holstein dairy cows fitted with a rumen cannula were randomly distributed in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Abomasal infusion of L-oil was performed at the rate of 0, 75, 150, 300, and 600 ml/d during periods of 14 d. The concentration of cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 18:3 in milk fat increased linearly with L-oil dose. Concentrations of primary (conjugated diene and triene hydroperoxides) and secondary oxidation products (1-octen-3-one, propanal, hexanal, trans-2 + cis-3-hexenals, cis-4-heptenal, trans-2, cis-6-nonadienal trans-2, trans-4-nonadienal) increased during 11 d of storage at 4°C of homogenized milk under fluorescent light. The magnitude of the increase (difference between final and initial measurements) was linearly greater for all nine lipid oxidation products evaluated in response to increasing level of infusion. Results of the current experiment have shown that milk enriched in cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 18:3 via postruminal supply of L-oil is highly prone to oxidative degradation. This low oxidative stability, exposed under controlled experimental conditions, would represent a major obstacle to those who aim to market milk enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Government Stock Purchase Undermines Price Informativeness: Evidence from China’s “National Team”
Authors: Dang Tri Vi , Li Wei , Wang Yongqin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe use the 2015 Chinese stock market crash to study the effects of government stock purchases. The Chinese government purchased stocks to stabilize the markets through state-owned financial institutions known as the “National Team.” We find that the intervention led to reduced volatility and price informativeness. These impacts are driven by the disclosure of government portfolios. Consistent with investors having a stronger incentive to acquire government intervention information instead of fundamental news, we find reduced information production and information asymmetry following intervention disclosure. The article suggests that government stock purchases involve a trade-off between stability and informational efficiency.
Fear signals vulnerability and appeasement, not threat
Authors: Marsh Abigail A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Humans are not only fearful apes, but we also communicate our fear using social cues. Social fear displays typically elicit care and assistance in the real world and the lab. But in the psychology and neuroscience literature fearful expressions are commonly interpreted as “threat cues.” The fearful ape hypothesis suggests that fearful expressions should be instead considered appeasement and vulnerability cues.
The predictive processing of number information in subregular verb morphology in a first and second language
Authors: Koch Eva Marie , Bulté Bram , Housen Alex , Godfroid Aline 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe investigated the predictive processing of grammatical number information through stem-vowel alternations in German strong verbs by adult first language (L1) speakers and Dutch-speaking advanced second language (L2) learners of German, and the influence of working memory and awareness (i.e., whether participants consciously registered the predictive cue) thereon. While changed stem vowels indicate a singular referent (e.g., /ε/ infällt3SG, “falls”), unchanged vowels indicate plural (e.g., /a/ infallt2PL, “fall”). This target structure presents a challenge for L2 learners of German due to its subregularity and low salience. With their eye movements being tracked, participants matched German auditory sentences (VSO order) with one of two pictures, displaying identical action scenes but varying in agent number. The number cue provided by the strong verbs allowed participants to predict whether the upcoming subject would be singular or plural. The analyses revealed significant prediction, measured as predictive eye movements toward the target picture and faster button-press responses. Prediction in the L2 group was weaker than in the L1 group and present in the eye movement data only. Higher working memory scores were linked to faster predictive presses. Approximately half of the participants had become aware of the predictive cue, and being aware facilitated prediction to a limited extent.
Coniveau filtrations and Milnor operation
Authors: YAGITA NOBUAKI 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLet BG be the classifying space of an algebraic group G over the field
${\mathbb C}$
of complex numbers. There are smooth projective approximations X of
$BG\times {\mathbb P}^{\infty}$
, by Ekedahl. We compute a new stable birational invariant of X defined by the difference of two coniveau filtrations of X, by Benoist and Ottem. Hence we give many examples such that two coniveau filtrations are different.
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana G. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb.) cultivated in Trentino-Alto Adige (northern Italy) characterized by biometric traits and glucosinolate content
Authors: Fusani Pietro , Aiello Nicola , Giannì Sergio , Camin Federica , Pagnotta Eleonora , Bagatta Manuela 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHorseradish is a crop grown for its edible underground parts. The development of new cultivars is hindered by the species' predominant vegetative reproduction, making it essential to evaluate locally cultivated accessions to identify new types suitable for cultivation. To this end, 11 horseradish accessions from family vegetable gardens in Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy were examined using 26 qualitative and six quantitative morphological descriptors and characterized by the five major glucosinolates (GSLs) present in the rhizome compared to a reference cultivar. A wide range of variability was observed for the considered qualitative morphological traits. The rhizome's top and basal diameters were 9.9 and 6.2 cm, respectively, with an average fresh weight of 521 g. Total GSL content ranged between 79.5 and 133.5 μmol/g dry weight (DW), with sinigrin (SIN) being the primary component at an average content of 110.0 μmol/g DW. Differences among the investigated accessions were noted for quantitative traits describing their productive features and for GSL content. A positive correlation was discovered between the biometric traits of the plant's underground parts and the SIN and total GSL content, suggesting a link between the quality and yield of the edible product. According to the multivariate analysis, accessions were grouped into three main clusters: the largest of the reference cultivar and the majority of accessions with similar productive and qualitative traits; another featuring two with good qualitative and productive characteristics. The investigated accessions proved to be a valuable germplasm source for cultivating the species.
Race, Property, and Erasure in the Rust Belt
Authors: Herbert Claire W. , Brown Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article builds on settler and domestic colonial histories and theories to advance our understanding of urban changes in segregated, disinvested, U.S. Rust Belt cities. While many major cities have rebounded in population and experienced gentrification since the mid-twentieth century, many Rust Belt cities have continued to decline. The resulting conditions call for new theories to describe their changes, trajectories, and the impacts for majority poor Black populations. We construct a Binocular Colonial Lens: an analytic framework that superimposes shared conceptual descriptions and theoretical explanations of settler and domestic colonialisms. With this lens, we can elucidate the practices of erasure that are deployed throughout colonized communities and focus them on phenomena associated with urban decline and revitalization. While some urban scholarship has used metaphors and language of settler colonialism to describe gentrification, most of these works at best reflect the salience of settler ideology, and at worst reinforce Indigenous erasure. Foregrounding shared conditions of colonization and conquest in the United States, we train this Binocular Colonial Lens on Detroit, which reveals myriad urban processes like ghettoization, urban renewal, suburbanization, and gentrification as ongoing colonization, wherein domestically colonized populations are subject to numerous forms of erasure at the behest of the settler state and toward the advancement of settler society. This lens advances urban theory by expanding the depth of our analyses of urban changes, and scaffolds connections with other axes of racialized inequality by revealing shared tools of erasure operative in, for example, mass incarceration and environmental injustices.
Weed control and highbush blueberry tolerance with indaziflam on sandy soils
Authors: Besançon Thierry E. , Bouchelle Wesley 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNorthern highbush blueberry is an important fresh market product in New Jersey where the plant was first domesticated in the early 20th century. Because of the short period for safely and timely applying postemergence (POST) herbicides, reliance on residual herbicides that provide season-long control of weeds is essential for blueberry growers to minimize the detrimental effect of weed competition on berry yield and quality and bush growth. Field studies were conducted from 2018 to 2020 in Chatsworth, New Jersey, on ‘Bluecrop’, ‘Duke’, and ‘Elliott’ blueberry cultivars growing on sandy acidic soil to evaluate weed control and crop tolerance in response to repeated annual applications of indaziflam at 73 or 146 g ai ha−1 applied in fall or spring. The efficacy of indaziflam treatments were compared to those of fall-applied dichlobenil at 3,300 g ai ha−1 or a spring-applied mix of diuron at 1,800 g ai ha−1, oryzalin at 3,360 g ai ha−1, and mesotrione at 210 g ai ha−1. Indaziflam at the currently labeled rate of 73 g ai ha−1 provided ≥85% and season-long control of horseweed, Canadian toadflax, and large crabgrass with fall applications on dormant blueberry, whereas spring applications were less effective. Whereas minor (≤8%) and transient leaf crinkling was noted in response to spring-applied indaziflam at 146 g ai ha−1, a fall application never caused leaf crinkling greater than that observed in the nontreated weedy and weed-free controls, regardless of rate. No negative effects on plant growth or fruit production were observed from indaziflam applied at 73 or 146 g ai ha−1 in fall or spring. Findings of this study suggest that indaziflam applied at 73 (1× commercial use rate) and 146 g ai ha−1 is safe to use on blueberry grown on New Jersey sandy acidic soils despite restrictions for using this herbicide on such soils.
Lithospheric Structure of the Red Sea Based on 3D Density Modeling: A Contrasting Rift Architecture
Authors: Issachar Ran , Gómez‐García Ángela María , Ebbing Jörg 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Red Sea is an ideal location for studying rifting processes, offering a young and active intra‐continental rift at the final stages of breakup. We explore the 3D lithospheric structure of the Red Sea by analyzing the gravity response of four end‐member models of rift architecture, including two end‐member types margin architecture Type I—narrow margins and exhumed lithospheric mantle, and Type II—(ultra)wide margins and removal of lithospheric mantle. Additionally, we test two options for the distribution of the oceanic crust (a) limited, that is, confined only to regions of magnetic stripes, and (b) extended, that is, available in vast areas within the basin. South of latitude 23°N, our results suggest the presence of ultrawide margins and limited oceanic crust. North of this latitude, the model of exhumed mantle and limited oceanic crust has minimized residuals compared to the observed gravity field, and agrees with a previously published regional tomographic model. Additionally, we find evidence for the presence of a high‐density body along the southern Arabian coast, probably associated with magmatic underplating. We discuss the lithospheric structure of the Red Sea with respect to the nearby Afar plume, agreeing that the close proximity of the central‐southern regions to the plume promoted a reduction in the strength of the lithosphere, and led to the development of ultrawide margins in these areas.
Southern Ocean Acidification Revealed by Biogeochemical‐Argo Floats
Authors: Mazloff Matthew R. , Verdy Ariane , Gille Sarah T. , Johnson Kenneth S. , Cornuelle Bruce D. , Sarmiento Jorge 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOcean acidification has potentially large impacts on calcifying organisms and ecosystems. Argo floats equipped with biogeochemical (BGC) sensors have been continuously measuring Southern Ocean pH since 2014. These BGC‐Argo floats were deployed as part of the Southern Ocean Carbon and Climate Observations and Modeling project. Here we present a SOCCOM‐era Objectively Mapped pH (SOM‐pH) 2014–2019 climatology and explain the method for constructing this product. We show example SOM‐pH fields demonstrating the spatial and temporal structure of Southern Ocean pH. Comparison with previous ship‐based measurements reveals decreases in pH of up to 0.02 per decade, with a structure decaying with depth. An assessment of the trend structure reveals a pattern indicative of the meridional overturning circulation. Upwelling waters that have not been in recent contact with the atmosphere show negligible or small trends, while surface and downwelling waters that have had more exposure to the atmosphere show the strongest trends. Thus comparison of this new BGC‐Argo mapped pH estimate to historic observations allows quantifying the structure of Southern Ocean acidification.