bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mitochondria–Endoplasmic Reticulum Contact Sites Dynamics and Calcium Homeostasis Are Differentially Disrupted in PINK1‐PD or PRKN‐PD Neurons
Authors: Grossmann Dajana , Malburg Nina , Glaß Hannes , Weeren Veronika , Sondermann Verena , Pfeiffer Julia F. , Petters Janine , Lukas Jan , Seibler Philip , Klein Christine , Grünewald Anne , Hermann Andreas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt is generally believed that the pathogenesis of PINK1/parkin‐related Parkinson's disease (PD) is due to a disturbance in mitochondrial quality control. However, recent studies have found that PINK1 and Parkin play a significant role in mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and are involved in the regulation of mitochondria–endoplasmic reticulum contact sites (MERCSs).ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to perform an in‐depth analysis of the role of MERCSs and impaired calcium homeostasis in PINK1/Parkin‐linked PD.MethodsIn our study, we used induced pluripotent stem cell–derived dopaminergic neurons from patients with PD with loss‐of‐function mutations in PINK1 or PRKN. We employed a split‐GFP‐based contact site sensor in combination with the calcium‐sensitive dye Rhod‐2 AM and applied Airyscan live‐cell super‐resolution microscopy to determine how MERCSs are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis.ResultsOur results showed that thapsigargin‐induced calcium stress leads to an increase of the abundance of narrow MERCSs in wild‐type neurons. Intriguingly, calcium levels at the MERCSs remained stable, whereas the increased net calcium influx resulted in elevated mitochondrial calcium levels. However, PINK1‐PD or PRKN‐PD neurons showed an increased abundance of MERCSs at baseline, accompanied by an inability to further increase MERCSs upon thapsigargin‐induced calcium stress. Consequently, calcium distribution at MERCSs and within mitochondria was disrupted.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated how the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria work together to cope with calcium stress in wild‐type neurons. In addition, our results suggests that PRKN deficiency affects the dynamics and composition of MERCSs differently from PINK1 deficiency, resulting in differentially affected calcium homeostasis. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Novel evaluation of sub‐seasonal precipitation ensemble forecasts for identifying high‐impact weather events associated with the Indian monsoon
Authors: Kolusu Seshagiri Rao , Mittermaier Marion , Robbins Joanne , Ashrit Raghavendra , Mitra Ashis K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe assess the skill of the fully coupled lagged ensemble forecasts from GloSea5‐GC2, for the sub‐seasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescale up to 4 weeks, with the aim of understanding how these forecasts might be used in a Ready‐Set‐Go style decision‐making framework. Integrated Multi‐satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG‐GPM) are used to seamlessly verify these ensemble forecasts up to monthly timescales whereby forecast and observed precipitation fields are summed over a sequence of increasing lead time accumulation windows (LTAWs), from 1d1d up to 2w2w. Results show that model biases grow with increasing LTAW and with ensemble member age. The S2S model exhibits both wet and dry biases across different parts of the Indian domain. The S2S model error grows from around 10 mm for a 24‐h accumulation to 50 mm for the 2‐week LTAWs. The actual skill and potential skill of the ensemble forecasts reveal that the potential skill is not always greater than actual skill everywhere. The sensitivity to the number and age of ensemble members was tested, with potential skill showing more impact from the exclusion of older members at all LTAWs. We conclude that the older lagged members do not necessarily add value by being included in the short to medium range or even for the extended range forecasts. GloSea5‐GC2 shows some skill in detecting large accumulations, which are not always tied to locations where they are climatologically frequent.
Creating patient‐specific digital phantoms with a longitudinal atlas for evaluating deformable CT‐CBCT registration in adaptive lung radiotherapy
Authors: Meyer Sebastian , Alam Sadegh , Kuo Li Cheng , Hu Yu‐Chi , Liu Yilin , Lu Wei , Yorke Ellen , Li Anyi , Cerviño Laura , Zhang Pengpeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundQuality assurance of deformable image registration (DIR) is challenging because the ground truth is often unavailable. In addition, current approaches that rely on artificial transformations do not adequately resemble clinical scenarios encountered in adaptive radiotherapy.PurposeWe developed an atlas‐based method to create a variety of patient‐specific serial digital phantoms with CBCT‐like image quality to assess the DIR performance for longitudinal CBCT imaging data in adaptive lung radiotherapy.MethodsA library of deformations was created by extracting the longitudinal changes observed between a planning CT and weekly CBCT from an atlas of lung radiotherapy patients. The planning CT of an inquiry patient was first deformed by mapping the deformation pattern from a matched atlas patient, and subsequently appended with CBCT artifacts to imitate a weekly CBCT. Finally, a group of digital phantoms around an inquiry patient was produced to simulate a series of possible evolutions of tumor and adjacent normal structures. We validated the generated deformation vector fields (DVFs) to ensure numerically and physiologically realistic transformations. The proposed framework was applied to evaluate the performance of the DIR algorithm implemented in the commercial Eclipse treatment planning system in a retrospective study of eight inquiry patients.ResultsThe generated DVFs were inverse consistent within less than 3 mm and did not exhibit unrealistic folding. The deformation patterns adequately mimicked the observed longitudinal anatomical changes of the matched atlas patients. Worse Eclipse DVF accuracy was observed in regions of low image contrast or artifacts. The structure volumes exhibiting a DVF error magnitude of equal or more than 2 mm ranged from 24.5% (spinal cord) to 69.2% (heart) and the maximum DVF error exceeded 5 mm for all structures except the spinal cord. Contour‐based evaluations showed a high degree of alignment with dice similarity coefficients above 0.8 in all cases, which underestimated the overall DVF accuracy within the structures.ConclusionsIt is feasible to create and augment digital phantoms based on a particular patient of interest using multiple series of deformation patterns from matched patients in an atlas. This can provide a semi‐automated procedure to complement the quality assurance of CT‐CBCT DIR and facilitate the clinical implementation of image‐guided and adaptive radiotherapy that involve longitudinal CBCT imaging studies.
An optimized framework for cone‐beam computed tomography‐based online evaluation for proton therapy
Authors: Chang Chih‐Wei , Nilsson Rasmus , Andersson Sebastian , Bohannon Duncan , Patel Sagar A. , Patel Pretesh R. , Liu Tian , Yang Xiaofeng , Zhou Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundClinical evidence has demonstrated that proton therapy can achieve comparable tumor control probabilities compared to conventional photon therapy but with the added benefit of sparing healthy tissues. However, proton therapy is sensitive to inter‐fractional anatomy changes. Online pre‐fraction evaluation can effectively verify proton dose before delivery to patients, but there is a lack of guidelines for implementing this workflow.PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop a cone‐beam CT‐based (CBCT) online evaluation framework for proton therapy that enables knowledge transparency and evaluates the efficiency and accuracy of each essential component.MethodsTwenty‐three patients with various lesion sites were included to conduct a retrospective study of implementing the proposed CBCT evaluation framework for the clinic. The framework was implemented on the RayStation 11B Research platform. Two synthetic CT (sCT) methods, corrected CBCT (cCBCT), and virtual CT (vCT), were used, and the ground truth images were acquired from the same‐day deformed quality assurance CT (dQACT) for the comparisons. The evaluation metrics for the framework include time efficiency, dose‐difference distributions (gamma passing rates), and water equivalent thickness (WET) distributions.ResultsThe mean online CBCT evaluation times were 1.6 ± 0.3 min and 1.9 ± 0.4 min using cCBCT and vCT, respectively. The dose calculation and deformable image registration dominated the evaluation efficiency, and accounted for 33% and 30% of the total evaluation time, respectively. The sCT generation took another 19% of the total time. Gamma passing rates were greater than 91% and 97% using 1%/1 mm and 2%/2 mm criteria, respectively. When the appropriate sCT was chosen, the target mean WET difference from the reference were less than 0.5 mm. The appropriate sCT method choice determined the uncertainty for the framework, with the cCBCT being superior for head‐and‐neck patient evaluation and vCT being better for lung patient evaluation.ConclusionsAn online CBCT evaluation framework was proposed to identify the use of the optimal sCT algorithm regarding efficiency and dosimetry accuracy. The framework is extendable to adopt advanced imaging methods and has the potential to support online adaptive radiotherapy to enhance patient benefits. It could be implemented into clinical use in the future.
Maxillomandibular Advancement Efficacy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients With Class 2 Versus 3 Dentofacial Deformity
Authors: Abdelwahab Mohamed , Taheri Nazlie , Eltahir Lina , Erdogan Can , Lee Kyra , Liu Stanley Y.‐C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) for patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with class 2 versus 3 dentofacial deformities (DFDs).Study DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingTertiary sleep surgery center.MethodsPatients with OSA and DFD class 2 versus 3 undergoing MMA at Stanford Sleep Surgery between 2014 and 2021 were matched by preoperative body mass index (BMI), age, and sex. Postoperative outcome was compared with polysomnography measures and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs).ResultsTwenty‐eight matched subjects, 14 in each deformity group were identified and assessed. The mean age (standard deviation) was 34.29 (10.21) and 33.86 (10.23) for classes 2 and 3, respectively. The apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) decreased from 43.42 (28.30) to 9.6 (5.29) (p < .001) and 37.17 (35.77) to 11.81 (15.74) (p = .042) in class 2 and 3 subjects, respectively. The oxygen desaturation index (ODI) changed from 30.48 (24.02) to 6.88 (3.39) (p = .024) and 11.43 (11.40) to 5.44 (7.96) (p = .85) in class 2 and 3 subjects, respectively. The Epworth sleepiness scale changed from 8.93 (5.28) to 3.91 (2.70) (p = .018) and 10.23 (4.38) to 4.22 (3.07) (p = .006) in class 2 and 3 subjects, respectively.ConclusionAmong age, sex, and BMI‐matched subjects, MMA is equally effective in both dentofacial class 2 and 3 groups, both objectively and subjectively. Preoperatively, dentofacial class 2 patients with OSA presented with the more severe disease with higher AHI and ODI. Dentofacial class 3 patients with OSA may require additional attention to improve nasal function outcomes.
Compounds Derived from 9,9‐Dialkylfluorenes: Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Initial Binding Studies (Part II)
Authors: Seidel Pierre , Seichter Wilhelm , Mazik Monika 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNew representatives of 2,4,7‐trisubstituted 9,9‐dialkyl‐9H‐fluorenes were prepared and used for crystallographic investigations as well as initial binding studies towards metal ions and carbohydrates. The binding studies, which included 1H NMR spectroscopic titrations and fluorescence measurements, demonstrated the ability of the tested fluorene‐based compounds to act as complexing agents for ionic and neutral substrates. Depending on the nature of the subunits of the fluorene derivatives, “turn on” or “turn off” fluorescent chemosensors can be developed. Compounds composed of 4,6‐dimethylpyridin‐2‐yl‐aminomethyl moieties have the potential to be used as sensitive “turn‐on” chemosensors for some metal ions.
Polycaprolactone and its derivatives for drug delivery
Authors: Pawar Ranjitsinh , Pathan Anam , Nagaraj Srishti , Kapare Harshad , Giram Prabhanjan , Wavhale Ravindra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolycaprolactone (PCL) is polymer of 21st centuries. PCL is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer used for various healthcare applications. This review explores the properties, synthesis, and processing of PCL. The use of PCL polymer for nanoparticles (NPs), microparticles, films, and fibers offers several advantages for biomedical applications. The review highlights the potential of PCL‐based materials for tissue engineering, drug delivery, wound healing, and implantable medical devices. We also critically analyzed challenges in PCL‐based materials and the strategies used to overcome for successful translation into clinical applications. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of PCL as a valuable biomaterial for healthcare applications.
The impact of COVID‐19 on school psychologists and evaluation
Authors: Hunt Tiffany L. , Kassel Amy K. , Perkins Mark A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the challenges, the pandemic created for school districts, schools, educators, and families, school psychologists faced unique challenges. To understand the lived experiences of school psychologists related specifically to conducting their jobs during the pandemic and the impact the pandemic had on them professionally and personally, we conducted a phenomenological study. Within this work, 12 school psychologists engaged in one‐on‐one semistructured interviews specifically designed to understand the unique perspectives and experiences of school psychologists derived by the pandemic. Participants expressed concerns that little guidance or support was provided specific to testing protocols, which, many expressed, led to ethical dilemmas regarding testing and data validity, and ultimately resulted in concerns about under‐ and overidentification of students with disabilities. We conclude, evaluation decisions made during the height of the pandemic may need to be reassessed as additional data dictates. Additionally, we recognize the unique and unforeseen complexities the pandemic continues to present, particularly for minority and low socioeconomic students, and recommend school psychologists receive administrative support, guidance, and training. Additionally, we encourage individualized education program teams to work collaboratively and rely on their collective expertise when making eligibility and programming decisions.
Effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic on an international sample of golfers with disabilities
Authors: Darcy Rose , Lewis Christopher , Fausett Cameron , Neuville Alexander , Bennett Tony , Jayabalan Prakash 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionParticipation in adaptive sports can mitigate the risk for obesity and social isolation/loneliness in individuals with disabilities (IWDs). The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic and related changes in physical activity exacerbated existing barriers to participation in adaptive sports. There is limited literature assessing the potentially disproportionate effect of pandemic‐related changes to physical activity in IWDs.ObjectiveTo determine how golf benefits IWDs and understand the effect of changes to golfing habits during the pandemic.DesignA survey was distributed to all registered players (n = 1759) of the European Disabled Golf Association (April 2021). It assessed participants' demographic information (age, sex, race/ethnicity, nationality, impairment, golf handicap), golf habits before/after the pandemic, and perceived impact of golf and COVID‐19‐related golf restrictions to physical/mental health and quality of life (QoL).SettingEuropean Disabled Golf Association (EDGA) worldwide database.PatientsResponses were received from 171 IWDs representing 24 countries. Age 18 years or older and registration with EDGA were required for inclusion.InterventionsSurvey.OutcomesSelf‐reported golfing habits, mental/physical health, and QoL.ResultsMean participant age was 51.4 ± 12.9 years. Most respondents were amputees (41.5%) or had neurological diagnoses (33.9%). Pre‐pandemic, 95% of respondents indicated that golf provided an opportunity to socialize, and most participants reported that golf positively affected physical/mental health and QoL. During the pandemic, more than 20% of participants reported golfing with fewer partners and 24.6% of participants reported playing fewer rounds per month (p < .001 for both); these findings were consistent across geographical region, ethnicity, and type of disability. Most participants (68.4%) perceived that their ability to golf had been impacted by COVID‐19 and that these changes negatively affected their mental/physical health and QoL.ConclusionsGolf benefits the physical/mental health and QoL of IWDs internationally. Changes to golfing habits throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic negatively affected these individuals. This highlights the need to create opportunities for physical activity engagement and socialization among adaptive athletes during a global pandemic.
Hydrodynamic modeling of ephemeral flow in the Iishana channel systems of the Cuvelai Basin—Northern Namibia
Authors: Arendt Robert , Reinhardt‐Imjela Christian , Faulstich Leona , Schulte Achim , Assmann André , Jüpner Robert , Johannes Petrina T. , Mashauri Damas Alfred 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe transboundary region of the Iishana system in the western Cuvelai Basin, between southern Angola and northern Namibia, is frequently affected by floods at irregular intervals. As a result, the predominantly rural, subsistence farming population has experienced crop failures, human, and economic losses. To date, very little is known about the generation of floods, flood concentration, and stormwater drainage dynamics in this region. In this study, 2D‐hydrodynamic modeling was applied to reconstruct one of the latest major flood events during the rainy season from November 2008 to March 2009 in order to study the runoff behavior and interconnectivity of the Iishana system. The model focused on the eastern part of the Iishana system, which was most affected by floods and flood damage due to the high population density in and around Oshakati, the regional capital. Two main streams were identified noteworthy because they merge and subsequently affect Oshakati. Regarding the simulated flood event water depths vary from 0.1 m to 14 m, with an average of 0.2 m, while water depths above 5 m were attributed to borrow pits. The inundation area ranged up to 1860 km2 and the amount of water left after the rainy season on March 25th, 2009, was determined between 0.116 and 0.547 km3, depending on the amount of evapotranspiration considered in the model. Thus, in the Angolan part of the Iishana system, significantly larger quantities of water are available for longer periods of time during the subsequent dry season, whereas the system in Namibia stores less water, resulting in a shorter water retention period.
Polysaccharide‐Stabilized Capsules for Delivery of Indomethacin
Authors: Milkova Viktoria , Goycoolea Francisco M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIndomethacin was encapsulated in oil‐core capsules stabilized by carrageenan/chitosan film formed through subsequent electrostatic adsorption of oppositely charged polysaccharides on lecithin‐stabilized oil‐in‐water emulsion droplets. In order to investigate the influence of the physicochemical properties of polysaccharides on drug encapsulation, chitosan samples with different degrees of acetylation (DA) and molecular weight (Mw) were chosen in this study. The variation of the electrokinetic charge and hydrodynamic diameter of the droplets were measured after each adsorption step by Dynamic light scattering. The experimental results indicated that the diameter of the loaded capsules and encapsulation efficiency of the drug (in the range of 70 %–94 %) depend on the Mw of the chitosan. The electrokinetic measurements indicated the achievement of overcompensation of the surface charge and re‐stabilization of the dispersion after each deposition step.
PhI(OAc)2‐Mediated One‐Pot Oxidative [3+2] Cycloaddition/ Heterocyclization Reactions of Aldoximes with N‐Arylmaleimides: A Facile Access to N‐Substituted Pyrrolo‐Isoxazoles
Authors: Gairola Deepti , Raza Mohammad Saim , Roshani Km , Peddinti Rama Krishna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA convenient and efficient metal‐free oxidative [3+2] cycloaddition reaction of N‐arylmaleimides with nitrile oxides generated in situ from the corresponding aldoximes using diacetoxyiodobenzene (DIB) as hypervalent iodine reagent under mild conditions has been established. The one‐pot oxidative cycloaddition afforded corresponding bioinspired bicyclic isoxazole/pyrrolo‐isoxazole derivatives in up to 91 % yield at room temperature. To demonstrate the efficacy of this methodology, the reaction was scaled up to the gram‐scale showing synthetic potential in industrial application. The one‐pot fashion makes the strategy highly time‐economic, atom‐economic and minimizes chemical waste by circumventing several purification steps.
Investigations on the Factors Influencing the Mercaptan Removal through Adsorption with Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zeng Yaojun , Fu Xinyang , Jia Dandan , Jiang Junnan , Xu Jianing , Gao Hongyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetal‐organic framework materials (MOFs) have the characteristics of versatile composition, high specific surface area, rich and orderly pore structure and adjustable pore size, which provide an ideal platform to develop desulfurization adsorbent and investigate the factors influencing the mercaptan removal performance. In this study, five kinds of MOFs with different adsorption sites (Cu, Ni, Zn), topological structure, pore size and defect degree were prepared and evaluated the desulfurization performance. The mercaptan adsorption capacity followed the order of CuBDC‐D>CuBDC>NiBDC>ZIF‐8>MOF‐5, and the metal site and defect were considered the main influence factors. The present study suggested that defect engineering of Cu based MOFs is a promising strategy to design efficient adsorbent for mercaptan removal.