bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allogeneic chondrogenic‐induced mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of tarsometatarsal lameness in horses
Authors: Coomer Richard P. C. , Terschuur Janine A. , Pressanto M. Chiara , Walker Ian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the efficacy of commercial intra‐articular blood‐derived allogeneic‐induced mesenchymal stem cells (CIMSCs) to treat tarsometatarsal lameness in horses.Study designThis was a retrospective cohort study.AnimalsRecords from 167 adult light breed horses with bilateral tarsometatarsal lameness.MethodsHorses with tarsometatarsal lameness were retrospectively selected from medical records. Diagnosis followed subjective graded lameness assessment before and after intra‐articular analgesia, with graded radiographic tarsal examination. Horses were excluded if they were diagnosed or treated for any other concurrent lameness conditions during the study. Time to last follow‐up and time of recurrence of lameness was recorded at veterinary re‐assessment.ResultsA total of 67 horses were recruited to the CIMSC‐treated group and 100 to the corticosteroid (CS)‐treated group. Median age was 9 years, with no difference in signalment, use or radiographic grade between groups. First re‐examination was 38 days (95% CI: 38–49), with no difference between groups, CIMSC 42 (35–45), control 34 (25–42). Median follow‐up was 438 days for CIMSC, 546 for controls. Symptoms of lameness recurred in 86/100 controls compared to 17/67 (25%) CIMSC. Median time to lameness recurring in CIMSC was 336 days (95% CI: 239–400), control 90 days (95% CI: 80–108), p < .0001. Cox proportional hazard ratio for treatment was 8.35, 95% CI: 4.67 to 14.92, p < .0001.ConclusionsLameness was abolished in all treated horses. It recurred significantly less often, and later, in CIMSC‐treated horses.Clinical significanceIntra‐articular CIMSC treatment results in prolonged soundness in horses with tarsometatarsal lameness.
Large Eddy Simulation of Soot Formation in a Real Aero-Engine Combustor Using Tabulated Chemistry and a Quadrature-Based Method of Moments
Authors: Koob Philipp , Ferraro Federica , Nicolai Hendrik , Eggels Ruud , Staufer Max , Hasse Christian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Considering the increasingly stringent targets for aircraft emissions, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is becoming a viable tool for improving future aero-engine combustors. However, predicting pollutant formation remains challenging. In particular, directly solving the evolution of soot particles is numerically expensive. To reduce the computational cost but retain detailed physical modeling, quadrature-based moments methods can be efficiently employed to approximate the particle number density function (NDF). An example is the recently developed split-based extended quadrature method of moments (S-EQMOM), which enables a continuous description of the soot particles' NDF, essential to consider particle oxidation accurately. This model has shown promising results in laminar premixed flames up to turbulent laboratory scale configurations. However, the application to large-scale applications are still scarce. In this work, the S-EQMOM model is applied to the Rolls-Royce BR710 aero-engine combustor to investigate the soot evolution process in practically relevant configurations. For this, the soot model is embedded into a high-fidelity simulation framework, consisting of large eddy simulation for the turbulent flow and mixing and the flamelet-generated manifold method for chemistry reduction. An additional transport equation for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is solved to model their slow chemistry and the transition from the gaseous phase to the solid phase. Simulations are performed for different operating conditions (idle, approach, climb, takeoff) to validate the model using experimental data. Subsequently, the results are analyzed to provide insights into the complex interactions of hydrodynamics, mixing, chemistry, and soot formation.
Hypoxia-induced HIF-1α promotes
Listeria monocytogenes
invasion into tilapia
Authors: Wang Jing , He Zhan , Cui Mingzhu , Sun Jing , Jiang Lingli , Zhuang Nanxi , Zhu Fuxin , Zhang Xian , Song Houhui , Cheng Changyong 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

HIF-1α
is a nuclear transcription factor, and its activity is tightly regulated by the level of available oxygen in cells. Here, we investigated the roles of
HIF-1α
in the invasion of
Listeria monocytogenes
into tilapia under hypoxic environments. We found that the expression levels of
HIF-1α
in examined tissues of hypoxic tilapia were significantly upregulated, indicating that the tissue cells have been in hypoxic conditions. After 24-h infection with
L. monocytogenes
, we found that bacterial burden counts increased significantly in all examined tissues of hypoxic fish. To explore why the bacterial count increased significantly in the tissues of hypoxic fish, we modulated
HIF-1α
expression through RNAi technology. The results indicated that
c-Met
expression levels were positively related to
HIF-1α
expression. Since c-Met is the receptor of InlB that plays critical roles in the adhesion and invasion of
L. monocytogenes
, the ∆
InlB
strain was used to further explore the reason for the significant increase in bacterial counts in hypoxic fish. As expected, the decrease in the adhesion ability of ∆
InlB
suggested that InlB mediates
L. monocytogenes
infection in tilapia. After being infected with ∆
InlB
strain, we found that the bacterial counts in hypoxic fish were not affected by hypoxic conditions or
HIF-1α
expression levels. These findings indicate that
HIF-1α
may promote the internalization of InlB by upregulating
c-Met
expression and therefore contributes to the invasion of
L. monocytogenes
into hypoxic tilapia.

IMPORTANCE

Listeria monocytogenes
is a zoonotic food-borne bacterial pathogen with a solid pathogenicity for humans. After ingestion of highly contaminated food,
L. monocytogenes
is able to cross the intestine invading phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells and causes listeriosis. China is the world’s largest supplier of tilapia. The contamination rate of
L. monocytogenes
to tilapia products was as high as 2.81%, causing a severe threat to public health. This study revealed the underlying regulatory mechanisms of
HIF-1α
in the invasion of
L. monocytogenes
into tilapia under hypoxic environments. This study will be helpful for better understanding the molecular mechanisms of hypoxic environments in
L. monocytogenes
infection to tilapia. More importantly, our data will provide novel insights into the prevention and control of this pathogen in aquaculture.
Rapid and portable bunyavirus SFTSV RNA testing utilizing catalytic hairpin assembly coupled with lateral flow immunoassay
Authors: Chen Lin , Ma Mengyin , Zou Mingyuan , Zhao Liwei , Ou Mingrong , Geng Yu , Li Chuang , Shen Han , Chen Yuxin 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a prevalent, life-threatening, emergent infectious disease. Currently, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction is the gold standard for diagnosing SFTS virus (SFTSV) infection, which requires sophisticated equipment and professional personnel that are frequently unavailable in most SFTS endemic rural areas. Here, we reported a simple, rapid nucleic acid amplification system that combined the catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) with a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) strip-based detection method for SFTSV detection. The detection of SFTSV RNA could be realized by generation of H1-H2 hybrid duplexes labeled with biotin and digoxin, which subsequently added to the LFIA test strips containing streptavidin conjugated with Alexa Fluor 647 as well as anti-digoxin antibodies. Our CHA-based LFIA assay offered high amplification efficiency and specificity with a detection limit of 1 aM. Crucially, this method enabled stable detection of 500 copies/mL of SFTSV within 30 min using clinical serum samples. Therefore, our CHA-based LFIA approach provided a potential useful tool to facilitate early and precise diagnosis of SFTS patients in poorly resourced SFTS endemic areas.

Importance
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging and potentially fatal infectious disease prevalent in China. Here we report a simple, rapid nucleic acid amplification system, the catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) in conjunction with a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) strip-based detection method for SFTS virus detection, which demonstrated high amplification efficiency and specificity with limit of detection of 1 aM. Most importantly, we also validate our CHA-based LFIA assay using the clinical serum samples, which was fully compatible with reverse transcription-PCR results. Therefore, our strategy provides a potential useful tool to facilitate early and precise diagnosis of SFTS patients especially in poorly resourced SFTS endemic areas.
Anisotropic solutions in symmetric teleparallel $$f\left( Q\right) $$-theory: Kantowski–Sachs and Bianchi III LRS cosmologies
Authors: Dimakis N. , Roumeliotis M. , Paliathanasis A. , Christodoulakis T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe investigate the existence of anisotropic self-similar exact solutions in symmetric teleparallel $$f\left( Q\right) $$

f

Q

-theory. For the background geometry we consider the Kantowski–Sachs and the Locally Rotationally Symmetric Bianchi type III geometries. These two anisotropic spacetimes are of special interest because in the limit of isotropy they are related to the closed and open Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker cosmologies respectively. For each spacetime there exist two distinct families of flat, symmetric connections, which share the symmetries of the spacetime. We present the field equations, and from them, we determine the functional form of the $$f\left( Q\right) $$

f

Q

Lagrangian which yields self-similar solutions. We initially consider the vacuum case and subsequently we introduce a matter source in terms of a perfect fluid. Last but not least, we report some self-similar solutions corresponding to static spherically symmetric spacetimes.
Prophet Inequalities with Linear Correlations and Augmentations
Authors: Immorlica Nicole , Singla Sahil , Waggoner Bo 
Published: September 2023

In a classical online decision problem, a decision-maker who is trying to maximize her value inspects a sequence of arriving items to learn their values (drawn from known distributions) and decides when to stop the process by taking the current item. The goal is to prove a “prophet inequality”: that she can do approximately as well as a prophet with foreknowledge of all the values. In this work, we investigate this problem when the values are allowed to be correlated. Since nontrivial guarantees are impossible for arbitrary correlations, we consider a natural “linear” correlation structure introduced by Bateni et al. as a generalization of the common-base value model of Chawla et al.

A key challenge is that threshold-based algorithms, which are commonly used for prophet inequalities, no longer guarantee good performance for linear correlations. We relate this roadblock to another “augmentations” challenge that might be of independent interest: many existing prophet inequality algorithms are not robust to slight increases in the values of the arriving items. We leverage this intuition to prove bounds (matching up to constant factors) that decay gracefully with the amount of correlation of the arriving items. We extend these results to the case of selecting multiple items by designing a new (1+
o
(1))-approximation ratio algorithm that is robust to augmentations.
Association of Magnesium Depletion Score With Cardiovascular Disease and Its Association With Longitudinal Mortality in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Ye Liu , Zhang Cheng , Duan Qin , Shao Yue , Zhou Jianzhong 
Published: September 2023

Background
Dietary magnesium and serum magnesium play an important part in cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between magnesium depletion score (MDS) and CVD development and prognosis remains unclear. This analysis examines the cross‐sectional relationship between MDS and CVD, and the longitudinal association between MDS and all‐cause and CVD mortality in individuals with CVD.

Methods and Results
In all, 42 711 individuals were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including 5015 subjects with CVD. The association between MDS and total and individual CVDs was examined using the survey‐weighted multiple logistic regression analysis. Among 5011 patients with CVD, 2285 and 927 participants were recorded with all‐cause and CVD deaths, respectively. We applied survey‐weighted Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to investigate the impact of MDS on the mortality of individuals with CVD. The CVD group had higher MDS levels than the non‐CVD groups. After controlling all confounding factors, individuals with MDS of 2 and ≥3 had higher odds of total CVD and specific CVD than those with MDS of 0. Besides, each 1‐unit increase in MDS was strongly related to the risk of total CVD and specific CVD. The relationship between MDS and total CVD was stable and significant in all subgroups. The fully adjusted Cox regression model indicated that high MDS, irrespective of MDS as a categorical or continuous variable, was significantly associated with an elevated risk of all‐cause and CVD deaths.

Conclusions
MDS is a vital risk factor for the prevalence and mortality of individuals with CVD.
Comparison of Radar-Observed Tornadic and Nontornadic MCS Cells Using Probability-Matched Means
Authors: Murphy Amanda M. , Homeyer Cameron R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Forecasting tornadogenesis remains a difficult problem in meteorology, especially for short-lived, predominantly nonsupercellular tornadic storms embedded within mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). This study compares populations of tornadic nonsupercellular MCS storm cells with their nontornadic counterparts, focusing on nontornadic storms that have similar radar characteristics to tornadic storms. Comparisons of single-polarization radar variables during storm lifetimes show that median values of low-level, midlevel, and column-maximum azimuthal shear, as well as low-level radial divergence, enable the highest degree of separation between tornadic and nontornadic storms. Focusing on low-level azimuthal shear values, null storms were randomly selected such that the distribution of null low-level azimuthal shear values matched the distribution of tornadic values. After isolating the null cases from the nontornadic population, signatures emerge in single-polarization data that enable discrimination between nontornadic and tornadic storms. In comparison, dual-polarization variables show little deviation between storm types. Tornadic storms both at tornadogenesis and at a 20-min lead time show collocation of the primary storm updraft with enhanced near-surface rotation and convergence, facilitating the nonmesocyclonic tornadogenesis processes.
Triglyceride-glucose index and cervical vascular function: outpatient-based cohort study
Authors: Pan Xiaoyu , Yue Lin , Ren Lin , Ban Jiangli , Chen Shuchun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and cervical vascular function parameters in the general population without cerebrovascular disease.

Materials and Methods
This was a cross-sectional study that recruited a total of 1996 participants without cerebrovascular disease. TyG index was calculated based on fasting triglycerides and glucose. All patients were divided into two groups based on the median TyG index: the high TyG group and the low TyG group. The differences in basic clinical characteristics and neck vascular function parameters between the two groups of participants were compared, and then the correlation between TyG index and neck vascular function parameters was investigated.

Results
Participants with a high TyG index had lower systolic, diastolic, and mean flow velocities in the basilar, vertebral, and internal carotid arteries compared with those with a low TyG index. Participants with a high TyG index had higher pulsatility index in the left vertebral artery and right internal carotid artery, but this difference was not observed in the basilar artery. In addition, TyG index was significantly negatively correlated with systolic, diastolic, and mean flow velocities in the basilar, vertebral, and internal carotid arteries, and the correlation remained after adjusting for confounding factors.

Conclusion
In the general population, there was a well-defined correlation between TyG index and cervical vascular function parameters, and increased TyG index was independently associated with reduced cervical vascular blood flow velocity.
Characterization of the effect of pomegranate crude extract, and its post-harvesting preservation procedures, on redox tone, cellular growth and metabolic profile of MDA-MB-231 cell line
Authors: Ferrante Aristide , Tamma Mirko , Agriesti Francesca , Tucci Francesco , Lopriore Piervito , Amodio Maria Luisa , Colelli Giancarlo , Capitanio Nazzareno , Piccoli Claudia , Pacelli Consiglia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Pomegranate is known for its beneficial properties due to its high content in antioxidants and might constitute a natural option for preventing and treatment of different pathologies including cancer. Since mitochondria are involved in tumorigenesis through ROS production and modulation of oxidative metabolism, we investigated the biological effects of pomegranate on cellular redox state, proliferation and metabolism in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 (MDA).

Methods
MDA were treated for 24 h with graded concentration of filtered Pomegranate juice (PJ) and tested for metabolic Flux Analysis with XFe96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer, for proliferation using the xCELLigence System Real-Time Cell Analyzer and for intracellular ROS content by Confocal Microscopy Imaging.

Results
Cells-treatment with freshly prepared pomegranate juice (PJ) resulted in a significant reduction of the intracellular ROS content already at the lower concentration of PJ tested. Additionally, it enhanced mitochondria respiration, and decreased glycolysis at high concentrations, inhibiting at the same time cell proliferation. As pomegranate is a seasonal fruit, assessment of optimum storage conditions preserving its bio-active properties was investigated. Our results indicated that storage conditions under controlled atmosphere for 30 days was able to enhance mitochondrial respiration at the same extent than freshly extracted PJ. Conversely, freezing procedure, though retaining the antioxidant and cell-growth inhibitory property, elicited an opposite effect on the metabolic profile as compared with fresh extract.

Conclusion
Overall, the results of our study, on the one hand, confirms the preventive/therapeutic potential of PJ, as well as of its post-harvested processing, for cancer management. On the other hand, it highlights the intrinsic difficulties in attaining mechanistic insights when a multiplicity of effects is elicited by a crude mixture of bio-active compounds.
Review on infection control strategies to minimize outbreaks of the emerging pathogen Elizabethkingia anophelis
Authors: Mallinckrodt Lisa , Huis in ’t Veld Robert , Rosema Sigrid , Voss Andreas , Bathoorn Erik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Elizabethkingia anophelis is a multi-drug resistant emerging opportunistic pathogen with a high mortality rate, causing healthcare-associated outbreaks worldwide.

Methods
We report a case of E. anophelis pleuritis, resulting from transmission through lung transplantation, followed by a literature review of outbreak reports and strategies to minimize E. anophelis transmission in healthcare settings.

Results
From 1990 to August 2022, 14 confirmed E. anophelis outbreak cohorts and 21 cohorts with suspected E. anophelis outbreaks were reported in literature. A total of 80 scientific reports with recommendations on diagnostics and infection control measures were included and summarized in our study.

Conclusion
Strategies to prevent and reduce spread of E. anophelis include water-free patient rooms, adequate hygiene and disinfection practices, and optimized diagnostic techniques for screening, identification and molecular typing.
Transcriptome and Micro-CT analysis unravels the cuticle modification in phosphine-resistant stored grain insect pest, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)
Authors: Kim Donghyeon , Kim Kyeongnam , Lee Yong Ho , Lee Sung-Eun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Phosphine (PH3) resistance in stored grain insect pests poses a significant challenge to effective pest control strategies worldwide. This study delved into understanding PH3-resistant mechanism, with the objective of informing robust and sustainable pest management strategies that could mitigate the impacts of PH3 resistance.

Results
In this regard, the transcriptomic analysis identified 23 genes associated with chitin synthesis and cuticle formation, which showed significant expression in PH3-resistant (R) strains compared to susceptible strains. Micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) revealed an extended and tighter cuticular structure in the PH3-R Tribolium castaneum than PH3-susceptible strains but with no changes in the cuticle thickness. This altered cuticle structure may reduce PH3 penetration through cuticles rather than completely closing spiracles during fumigation. It is also hypothesized to prevent water loss from the insect body, as water production decreased in PH3-R T. castaneum due to the down-regulation of the electron transport chain function. Validation of several chitin synthesis gene expression levels revealed consistent results with those of transcriptomic analysis.

Conclusion
Overall, integrating physical treatments using synthetic amorphous silicates, water absorbents, and cuticle-damaging materials during PH3 fumigation is recommended for its prolonged and controlled usage in the field.

Graphical abstract