bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Need for Integration of Religion and Spirituality into the Mental Health Care of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations in Australia: A Rapid Review
Authors: Malviya Shikha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAustralia is a multicultural and linguistically diverse country. Despite the vital role of religion/spirituality in the mental health of people from culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds, it is not commonly included in their mental health care. A rapid review was conducted to critically evaluate the studies that identified relevant religious/spiritual aspects regarding mental health care for CALD communities. After a systematic search and screening, sixteen empirical studies were included. The findings of the review suggest that people from CALD backgrounds draw strength and comfort from their religion to support mental health. Religious/spiritual practices were identified as effective mental health strategies by CALD people. Religious leaders were noted to be important sources of mental health support and guidance for individuals from some CALD communities. Collaboration of religious leaders in the mental health care, and integration of religious/spiritual practices into mainstream mental health interventions, may improve mental health care for people with CALD backgrounds.
Set-Limited Functions and Polynomial-Time Interior-Point Methods
Authors: Nesterov Yurii 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we revisit some elements of the theory of self-concordant functions. We replace the notion of self-concordant barrier by a new notion of set-limited function, which forms a wider class. We show that the proper set-limited functions ensure polynomial time complexity of the corresponding path-following method (PFM). Our new PFM follows a deviated path, which connects an arbitrary feasible point with the solution of the problem. We present some applications of our approach to the problems of unconstrained optimization, for which it ensures a global linear rate of convergence even in for nonsmooth objective function.
R&D grants and R&D tax credits to foreign-owned subsidiaries: Does supporting multinational enterprises’ R&D pay off in terms of firm performance improvements for the host economy?
Authors: Lenihan Helena , Mulligan Kevin , Doran Justin , Rammer Christian , Ipinnaiye Olubunmi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The subsidiaries of foreign-owned multinational firms make significant contributions to national Research and Development (R&D) in many host countries. Policymakers in host countries often support subsidiaries’ R&D efforts, through R&D grants and R&D tax credits. A key objective of this funding is to leverage R&D-driven firm performance benefits for the host economy. However, the subsidiary's parent firm may decide not to commercially exploit the results from host country-funded R&D projects, in the host country. Therefore, supporting subsidiaries’ R&D presents a unique risk, that significant amounts of scarce public R&D funding may translate into little, or no firm performance payoffs for the host economy. To address this issue, we construct a unique panel dataset, containing 24,404 observations of firms in Ireland over a 10-year period. Using this rich data, we first evaluate the impact of R&D grants and R&D tax credits on subsidiaries’ R&D. We then examine the link between policy-induced R&D from each policy instrument, and subsidiaries’ firm performance in the host country. Our study provides the first evaluation of (1) whether public R&D funding stimulates additional R&D investment in subsidiaries, (2) whether policy-induced R&D drives subsidiaries’ firm performance in the host country, and (3) the differential effects of R&D grants and R&D tax credits. We find that both R&D policy instruments drive subsidiary R&D, and that the policy-induced R&D results in substantial host country improvements in turnover, exports, and value added. Our results suggest several policy implications, particularly for economies pursuing an R&D strategy which targets foreign-owned subsidiaries.
Women in CEO duality and firm performance in Europe
Authors: La Rocca Maurizio , Fasano Francesco , La Rocca Tiziana , Neha Neha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates gender dimensions in the relationship between CEO duality and firm performance, combining feminist theories and stewardship arguments. Using a large sample of listed firms from 23 European countries in the 2014–2020 period, we have found that CEO duality has a positive effect on corporate performance when a woman holds both the roles of CEO and board chair. These findings highlight the ‘bright side’ of women in governance, suggesting the presence of women in double leadership positions can amplify benefits and/or limits costs related to CEO duality. Having a woman in CEO-chair leadership could optimize a firm’s use of its resources and more effectively contribute to improving performance. Directions for future research could include a better understanding of women in leadership in the organizational domain. Our results have a number of managerial and political implications.
Remaining Loads in a PH/M/c Queue with Impatient Customers
Authors: Swensen Anders Rygh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere are three contributions to the literature in this note. Firstly, we point out that under some weak conditions the result in Swensen (1986) on the remaining loads in a GI/M/c queue with impatient customers, derived under the assumption that the distribution of inter-arrival times is Coxian, is also valid for the more general phase type distribution. From this result the distributions of the virtual and the actual waiting time can easily be obtained. Secondly, the relation to an alternative expression for the distribution of the virtual waiting time derived by Kawanishi and Takine (2015) is also clarified. Finally, we explain how the results on the remaining loads can be used to find distributions describing particular fixed servers and provide a couple of numerical examples of how this can be done.
Weak transhumanism: moderate enhancement as a non-radical path to radical enhancement
Authors: Brennan Cian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTranshumanism aims to bring about radical human enhancement. In ‘Truly Human Enhancement’ Agar (2014) provides a strong argument against producing radically enhancing effects in agents. This leaves the transhumanist in a quandary—how to achieve radical enhancement whilst avoiding the problem of radically enhancing effects? This paper aims to show that transhumanism can overcome the worries of radically enhancing effects by instead pursuing radical human enhancement via incremental moderate human enhancements (Weak Transhumanism). In this sense, weak transhumanism is much like traditional transhumanism in its aims, but starkly different in its execution. This version of transhumanism is weaker given the limitations brought about by having to avoid radically enhancing effects. I consider numerous objections to weak transhumanism and conclude that the account survives each one. This paper’s proposal of ‘weak transhumanism’ has the upshot of providing a way out of the ‘problem of radically enhancing effects’ for the transhumanist, but this comes at a cost—the restrictive process involved in applying multiple moderate enhancements in order to achieve radical enhancement will most likely be dissatisfying for the transhumanist, however, it is, I contend, the best option available.
Pandemics and the precautionary principle: an analysis taking the Swedish Corona Commission’s report as a point of departure
Authors: Nordgren Anders 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, Sweden’s response stood out as an exception. For example, Sweden did not introduce any lockdowns, while many other countries did. In this paper I take the Swedish Corona Commission’s critique of the initial Swedish response as a point of departure for a general analysis of precaution in relation to pandemics. The Commission points out that in contrast to many other countries Sweden did not follow ‘the precautionary principle’. Based on this critique, the Commission proposes that the precautionary principle should be included among Sweden’s guiding principles for crisis management. However, as the debate on this principle during the last 30 years indicates, the principle is loaded with problems. I discuss one of these problems, namely its lack of clarity. I argue, however, that this problem is not unsurmountable. A principle is lacking clarity precisely by being a principle and not a rule with a well-defined meaning. As a principle it indicates a direction but does not prescribe a specific action. However, to be action-guiding its content needs to be specified by rational deliberation. With this in mind, I propose a framework for specification of the precautionary principle as applied to pandemics. The framework focuses on the principle’s four key elements: threat, uncertainty, action and responsibility. I also suggest certain general ethical restrictions on specification.
Should responsibility be used as a tiebreaker in allocation of deceased donor organs for patients suffering from alcohol-related end-stage liver disease?
Authors: Hu Diehua , Primc Nadia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere is a long-standing debate concerning the eligibility of patients suffering from alcohol-related end-stage liver disease (ARESLD) for deceased donor liver transplantation. The question of retrospective and/or prospective responsibility has been at the center of the ethical discussion. Several authors argue that these patients should at least be regarded as partly responsible for their ARESLD. At the same time, the arguments for retrospective and/or prospective responsibility have been strongly criticized, such that no consensus has been reached. A third option was proposed as a form of compromise, namely that responsibility should only be used as a tiebreaker in liver allocation. The present study provides an ethical investigation of this third option. First, we will provide an overview of the main arguments that have been offered for and against the use of responsibility as an allocation criterion. Second, we will explore the concept of responsibility as a tiebreaker in detail and discuss several types of situations, in which responsibility could be used as a tiebreaker, as well as the main ethical challenges associated with them. As we will show, an ethical justified use of responsibility as a tiebreaker is limited to a very restricted number of cases and is associated with a number of ethical concerns. For this reason, waiting time should be preferred as a tiebreaker in liver allocation, even though the criterion of waiting time, too, raises a number of equity-related concerns.
Order-Preserving Self-Maps of Complete Lattices
Authors: Ganter Bernhard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe study isotone self-maps of complete lattices and their fixed point sets, which are complete lattices contained as suborders, but not necessarily as subsemilattices. We develop a representation of such maps by means of relations and show how to navigate their fixed point lattices using a modification of the standard Next closure algorithm. Our approach is inspired by early work of Shmuely [8] and Crapo [1]. We improve and substantially extend our earlier publication [4].
Efficient and portable Winograd convolutions for multi-core processors
Authors: Dolz Manuel F. , Martínez Héctor , Castelló Adrián , Alonso-Jordá Pedro , Quintana-Ortí Enrique S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe take a step forward towards developing high-performance codes for the convolution operator, based on the Winograd algorithm, that are easy to customise for general-purpose processor architectures. In our approach, augmenting the portability of the solution is achieved via the introduction of vector instructions from Intel SSE/AVX2/AVX512 and ARM NEON/SVE to exploit the single-instruction multiple-data capabilities of current processors as well as OpenMP pragmas to exploit multi-threaded parallelism. While this comes at the cost of sacrificing a fraction of the computational performance, our experimental results on three distinct processors, with Intel Xeon Skylake, ARM Cortex A57 and Fujitsu A64FX processors, show that the impact is affordable and still renders a Winograd-based solution that is competitive when compared with the lowering gemm-based convolution.
Expertise and information: an epistemic logic perspective
Authors: Singleton Joseph , Booth Richard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we present a modal logic framework to reason about the expertise of information sources. A source is considered an expert on a proposition $$\varphi $$
φ
if they are able to correctly refute $$\varphi $$
φ
in any possible world where $$\varphi $$
φ
is false. Closely connected with expertise is a notion of soundness of information: $$\varphi $$
φ
is said to be “sound” if it is true up to lack of expertise of the source. That is, any statement logically weaker than $$\varphi $$
φ
on which the source has expertise must in fact be true. This is relevant for modelling situations in which sources make claims beyond their domain of expertise. Particular attention is paid to the connection between expertise and knowledge: we show that expertise and soundness admit precise interpretations in terms of S4 and S5 epistemic logic, under certain conditions. We go on to extend the framework to multiple sources, defining two notions of collective expertise. These also have epistemic interpretations via distributed and common knowledge from multi-agent epistemic logic. On the technical side, we give several sound and complete axiomatisations of various classes of expertise models.
BS-QUAL: Measuring student perceptions of service quality in business schools, an exploratory study
Authors: Bagur-Femenias Llorenç , Llach Josep , Buil Marian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe number of Business Schools (BS) and their market share had increased in the last decades. Positioning strategy of BS is crucial in today’s competitive and changing environments. Thus, paying attention to student’s satisfaction and the factors, which motivate their selection, are relevant for service quality assurance in BS. This paper designs a scale to measure these perceptions as a useful tool for BS managers in the pursuit of excellence. Using a mixed analysis methodology, the most prominent dimensions detected in the literature were validated by BS managers and later by BS graduates. Internal and external dimensions compose the resulting scale, named BS-QUAL. The internal dimensions are related to Academic staff, Services, Facilities, and Sustainability while the external factors are related to Preparation for the future, Internationalization and Notoriety. BS-QUAL could be useful for the top management of BS to develop strategies that minimize the distance between student expectations and service provided.
Effects of the inclusion of coffee pulp silage in the diet on the performance and profitability of crossbred milk cows in the middle tropics
Authors: Flórez-Delgado Dixon Fabián , de Jesús Gil-Herrera Richard , Maza-Ortega Román Enrique 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of coffee pulp silage (CPS) on the performance and profitability of crossbred cows in the middle tropics. The research took place at the Villa Marina Experimental Farm of the University of Pamplona, Pamplonita, Colombia. Four lactating multiparous bovines with a body weight of 380 ± 10 kg, 6 ± 0.03 years of age and a body condition of 3.8 on a scale of 1 to 5. The animals were distributed in a balanced 4 × 4 Latin square for residual effect. The experiment consisted of four subperiods of 21 days each, being the first 14 days of adaptation to the experimental diet and 7 days for taking samples. The base diet consisted ofPennisetumsp. forage, concentrated in a proportion of 0.2% of body weight, water, and mineralized salt at will. The inclusion of the CPS was included in levels of 4, 8, and 12% of the dry matter (DM) intake. DM intake parameters, nutrient digestibility, milk production and composition, blood parameters, and economic analysis were evaluated. Treatments were compared using orthogonal contrasts; contrasts were constructed in order to evaluate the effects of inclusion of CPS, and the linear and quadratic effects of level inclusion in the DM of the diet. For the variables which did not present inclusion of CPS effect but a linear or quadratic effect was significant, a Dunnett’s test was performed to identify whether a supplemented treatment differed from the control. Significance was considered atP < 0.05 and tendencies when 0.05 < P ≤ 0.10. The inclusion of CPS in the diet increases (P < 0.05) the voluntary intake in kg day−1of DM, organic matter (OM), CP, ethereal extract (EE), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), digested OM (DM), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap), DNDF and dietary NTD concentration, the total digestibility of DM and OM, and dietary DOM content. The production and chemical composition of milk was not affected (P > 0.10) by the inclusion of EPC in the diet. The inclusion of CPS increased (P < 0.05) the concentration of albumin and globulins in the blood. The inclusion of CPS in the diet improved the productive efficiency of dairy cattle. The inclusion of 4% CPS in the DM of the diet is a nutritional strategy, which improves the nutritional characteristics and the concentration of albumin and globulins in the blood of crossed dairy cows in the middle tropics and benefit: cost ratio without affecting milk production.
Medical Expenditures Associated with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Among Adults in the United States by Age, 2015–2019
Authors: Witrick Brian , Zhang Donglan , Su Dejun , Li Yan , McCall William V. , Hendricks Brian , Shi Lu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is a common disorder that affects both children and adults. However, for adults, little is known about ADHD-attributable medical expenditures.

Objective
To estimate the medical expenditures associated with ADHD, stratified by age, in the US adult population.

Design
Using a two-part model, we analyzed data from Medical Expenditure Panel Survey for 2015 to 2019. The first part of the model predicts the probability that individuals incurred any medical costs during the calendar year using a logit model. The second part of the model estimates the medical expenditures for individuals who incurred any medical expenses in the calendar year using a generalized linear model. Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, geographic region, Charlson comorbidity index, insurance, asthma, anxiety, and mood disorders.

Participants
Adults (18 +) who participated in the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey from 2015 to 2019 (N = 83,776).

Main Measures
Overall and service specific direct ADHD-attributable medical expenditures.

Key Results
A total of 1206 participants (1.44%) were classified as having ADHD. The estimated incremental costs of ADHD in adults were $2591.06 per person, amounting to $8.29 billion nationally. Significant adjusted incremental costs were prescription medication ($1347.06; 95% CI: $990.69–$1625.93), which accounted for the largest portion of total costs, and office-based visits ($724.86; 95% CI: $177.75–$1528.62). The adjusted incremental costs for outpatient visits, inpatient visits, emergency room visits, and home health visits were not significantly different. Among older adults (31 +), the incremental cost of ADHD was $2623.48, while in young adults (18–30), the incremental cost was $1856.66.

Conclusions
The average medical expenditures for adults with ADHD in the US were substantially higher than those without ADHD and the incremental costs were higher in older adults (31 +) than younger adults (18–30). Future research is needed to understand the increasing trend in ADHD attributable cost.
Probabilistic stability of uncertain composite plates and stochastic irregularity in their buckling mode shapes: A semi-analytical non-intrusive approach
Authors: Maleki Arash Tavakoli , Parviz Hadi , Khatibi Akbar A. , Zakeri Mahnaz 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, the mechanical properties of the composite plate were considered Gaussian random fields and their effects on the buckling load and corresponding mode shapes were studied by developing a semi-analytical non-intrusive approach. The random fields were decomposed by the Karhunen-Loève method. The strains were defined based on the assumptions of the first-order and higher-order shear-deformation theories. Stochastic equations of motion were extracted using Euler–Lagrange equations. The probabilistic response space was obtained by employing the non-intrusive polynomial chaos method. Finally, the effect of spatially varying stochastic properties on the critical load of the plate and the irregularity of buckling mode shapes and their sequences were studied for the first time. Our findings showed that different shear deformation plate theories could significantly influence the reliability of thicker plates under compressive loading. It is suggested that a linear relationship exists between the mechanical properties’ variation coefficient and critical loads’ variation coefficient. Also, in modeling the plate properties as random fields, a significant stochastic irregularity is obtained in buckling mode shapes, which is crucial in practical applications.
Cognitive and behavioral abnormalities in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and subjective memory complaints
Authors: Warren Samuel L. , Reid Edwina , Whitfield Paige , Helal Ahmed M. , Abo Hamza Eid G. , Tindle Richard , Moustafa Ahmed A. , Hamid Mohamed S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the ability of commonly used neuropsychological tests to detect cognitive and functional decline across the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum. Moreover, as preclinical AD is a key area of investigation, we focused on the ability of neuropsychological tests to distinguish the early stages of the disease, such as individuals with Subjective Memory Complaints (SMC). This study included 595 participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset who were cognitively normal (CN), SMC, mild cognitive impairment (MCI; early or late stage), or AD. Our cognitive measures included the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), the Everyday Cognition Questionnaire (ECog), the Functional Abilities Questionnaire (FAQ), the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA), and the Trail Making test (TMT-B). Overall, our results indicated that the ADAS-13, RAVLT (learning), FAQ, ECog, and MoCA were all predictive of the AD progression continuum. However, TMT-B and the RAVLT (immediate and forgetting) were not significant predictors of the AD continuum. Indeed, contrary to our expectations ECog self-report (partner and patient) were the two strongest predictors in the model to detect the progression from CN to AD. Accordingly, we suggest using the ECog (both versions), RAVLT (learning), ADAS-13, and the MoCA to screen all stages of the AD continuum. In conclusion, we infer that these tests could help clinicians effectively detect the early stages of the disease (e.g., SMC) and distinguish the different stages of AD.