bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An expression for wind erosion rate from dry and dense soil surface
Authors: Wang Zhen‐Ting 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWind erosion is a physical process predominated by airborne grains rather than the wind itself. The soil deformation is either elastic–plastic or fully plastic during its collisions with solid grains, corresponding to dense and loose soils, respectively. Only the fully plastic deformation was previously taken into account in the physically‐based wind erosion models. The impact erosion of dry and dense soil surface can be well quantified by the contact mechanics and strength theories. In this study, with the help of Owen's uniform saltation model, a simple expression for wind erosion rate is derived based upon the eroded volume per impact when soil deforms in the elastic–plastic manner. The new expression, a simple analytical function of several conventional variables and parameters of wind and soil, describes the effects of saltation flux and soil susceptibility. Its validity is verified by some field and laboratory experiments.
On the evolution of fish–coral interactions
Authors: Siqueira Alexandre C. , Muruga Pooventhran , Bellwood David R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe biodiversity of tropical reefs is typified by the interaction between fishes and corals. Despite the importance of this ecological association, coevolutionary patterns between these two animal groups have yet to be critically evaluated. After compiling a large dataset on the prevalence of fish–coral interactions, we found that only a minority of fish species associate strongly with live corals (~5%). Furthermore, we reveal an evolutionary decoupling between fish and coral lineage trajectories. While fish lineages expanded in the Miocene, the bulk of coral diversification occurred in the Pliocene/Pleistocene. Most importantly, we found that coral association did not drive major differences in fish diversification. These results suggest that the Miocene fish diversification is more likely related to the development of novel, wave‐resistant reef structures and their associated ecological opportunities. Macroevolutionary patterns in reef fishes are thus more strongly correlated with the expansion of reefs than with the corals themselves.
Use of a pneumatic device for intraluminal enterolith fragmentation in horses
Authors: Machado Amaral Rosa Bruna , Dornbusch Peterson Triches , Duque Moreno Juan Carlos , Schade Jackson 
Published: May 2023

SummaryHorses with enterolithiasis may develop clinical signs of colic due to partial or complete obstruction of the right dorsal, transverse or small colon. Laparotomy followed by enterotomy at the site of obstruction or mobilisation of enteroliths to intestinal segments deemed more appropriate for incision is indicated in these cases. However, surgical removal of enteroliths lodged in nonexteriorisable intestinal segments and/or not amenable to mobilisation may be labour intensive and dangerous. Pneumatic impact (or ballistic) lithotripsy is a potential tool for surgical resolution of simple and complex cases of enterolithiasis in horses. This study describes the use of a pneumatic lithotripsy device for intraluminal enterolith fragmentation in five cases of enterolithiasis. Seven calculi were successfully fragmented. In four cases, fragmentation was achieved at the site of obstruction and fragments exteriorised through an enterotomy incision created for device introduction or advanced towards the rectum and removed. In two cases, enteroliths were manipulated back to the pelvic flexure, fragmented and removed. Findings of this study suggest that intraluminal enterolith fragmentation can be used to avoid long enterotomy incisions and facilitate removal of calculi lodged in bowel segments that cannot be exteriorised. However, it is important to be aware of the risks of enterolith fragmentation in nonexternalisable bowel segments that cannot be visualised for intestinal viability assessment.
A novel multimodal online news popularity prediction model based on ensemble learning
Authors: Arora Anuja , Hassija Vikas , Bansal Shivam , Yadav Siddharth , Chamola Vinay , Hussain Amir 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe prediction of news popularity is having substantial importance for the digital advertisement community in terms of selecting and engaging users. Traditional approaches are based on empirical data collected through surveys and applied statistical measures to prove a hypothesis. However, predicting news popularity based on statistical measures applied to past data is highly questionable. Therefore, in this article, we predict news popularity using machine learning classification models and deep residual neural network models. Articles are usually made up of textual content and in many cases, images are also used. Although it is evident that the appropriate amount of textual data is required to extract features and create models, image data is also helpful in gaining useful information. In this article, we present a novel multimodal online news popularity prediction model based on ensemble learning. This research work acts as a guide for extensive feature engineering, feature extraction, feature selection and effective modelling to create a robust news popularity Prediction Model. Three kinds of features—meta‐features, text features and image features are used to design an influential and robust model. The relative error performance measure Root Mean Squared logarithmic error (RMSLE) is used to quantify the popularity prediction error. Further, the RMSLE outcome shows 0.351 which is the lowest error value given by the proposed model. Further, the most important features are also sought out to show the dependence of the best‐fit model on text and image features.
The effects of chitosan‐TiO2 and chitosan‐TiO2‐ZnO‐MgO hybrid coatings on the shelf life of jackfruit bulbs (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam)
Authors: Ramírez‐Concepción Heidi R. , Anaya‐Esparza Luis M. , de Lourdes García‐Magaña María , Yahia Elhadi M. , Meza‐Espinoza Libier , Montalvo‐González Efigenia 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThis study evaluated the effect of chitosan hybrid coatings on the shelf life and quality of jackfruit bulbs. The treatments include control bulbs, bulbs with the chitosan coating (CS bulbs), bulbs with the chitosan‐TiO2 hybrid coating (CSTiO2 bulbs) and bulbs with the chitosan‐TiO2‐ZnO‐MgO hybrid coating (CSTZM bulbs). Bulbs were stored at 4 °C. Shelf life of control, CS, CSTiO2 and CSTZM bulbs were 4, 10, 13 and 15 days, respectively. The CSTZM bulbs exhibited < 1% weight loss, a decrease in the pattern of respiration, the highest levels of vitamin C (28.27 mg/100 g), carotenoids (10868.91 μg/100 g), phenolic compounds (31.31 mg/100 g) and antioxidant capacity (283.49–444.36 mmol/100 g). According to the Artemia salina test, all coatings were non‐toxic. In conclusion, the chitosan‐TiO2‐ZnO‐MgO hybrid coating was the best alternative to extend the shelf‐life of fresh‐cut jackfruit.
RETRACTED: The outcome of sutured wounds compared with tissue adhesive for paediatric wound closure: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Cui Xiaomei , Zhang Yuanbo , Wang Na , Chen Yafang , Xu Jin , Hou Jianghong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis investigation was executed to measure the outcome of sutured wounds (SWs) compared with tissue adhesive (TA) for paediatric wound closure (PWC). A comprehensive literature inspection till February 2023 was applied and 2018 interrelated investigations were reviewed. The 18 chosen investigations enclosed 1697 children with PWC in the chosen investigations' starting point, 977 of them were utilising SWs, and 906 were utilising TA. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compute the value of the effect of SWs compared with TA for PWC by the dichotomous approaches and a fixed or random model. SWs had significantly higher wound cosmetic (WC) scores (mean deviation [MD], 1.70; 95% CI, 0.57–2.84, P = .003), lower wound dehiscence (WD) (OR 0.60; 95% CI, 0.06–0.43, P < .001), and lower cost (MD, −10.22; 95% CI, −10.94 to −9.50, P < .001) compared with those with TA in PWC. No significant difference was found between children utilising SWs and TA in wound infection (WI) (OR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.15–1.30, P = .14) with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0%) in PWC. SWs had significantly higher WC scores, lower WD, and lower cost, yet, no significant difference was found in WI compared with those with TA in PWC. However, care must be exercised when dealing with its values because of the low sample size of some of the nominated investigations and the low number of selected investigations for the meta‐analysis.
RETRACTED: Prevalence of non‐accidental burns and related factors in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Hamza Hermis Alaa , Tehrany Pooya M. , Hosseini Seyed Javad , Firooz Mahbobeh , Hosseini Seyed Reza , Jamshidbeigi Amirreza , Zaboli Mahdiabadi Morteza , Ghorbani Vajargah Pooyan , Mollaei Amirabbas , Karkhah Samad , Takasi Poorya , Alizadeh Otaghvar Hamidreza , Farzan Ramyar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNon‐accidental burns (NABs) in children had some adverse effects, such as severe burns, requiring skin grafting, and mortality. Previous studies reported NABs in the form of neglect, suspected abuse, and child abuse. Also, different statistics were estimated for the prevalence of NABs in children. Therefore, the current study aimed to comprehensively review and summarise the literature on the prevalence of NABs in children. Also, factors related to NABs as a secondary aim were considered in this review. Keywords combined using Boolean operators and searches were performed in international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Only studies in English were considered from the earliest to 1 March 2023. The analysis was performed using STATA software version 14. Finally, 29 articles were retrieved for the quantitative analysis. Results found that the prevalence of child abuse, suspected abuse, neglect, ‘child abuse or suspect abused’, and ‘abuse, suspect abused, or neglect’ was 6% (ES: 0.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05‐0.07), 12% (ES: 0.12, 95% CI: 0.09‐0.15), 21% (ES: 0.21, 95% CI: 0.07‐0.35), 8% (ES: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.07‐0.09), and 15% (ES: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.13‐0.16) among burns victims, respectively. Also, factors related to NABs are categorised into age and gender, agent and area of burns, and family features. Considering the results of the current study, planning for rapid diagnosis and designing a process to manage NABs in children is necessary.
Why biogeographical transition zones matter
Authors: Morrone Juan J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiogeographical transition zones are areas of overlap, replacement or partial segregation between different biotas, which are sets of taxa sharing similar geographical distributions as a result of a common evolutionary history and ecological affinities. Transition zones occur in a few particular areas of the world where historically contingent processes have allowed different biotic elements to coexist and interact. Evolutionary or historical biogeographers have traditionally characterized transition zones by the overlap of different biotic elements. More recently, authors applying track analyses have detected transition zones by the presence of nodes or by conflicting results in cladistic biogeographic analyses. Ecological biogeographers have taken a different approach, usually applying quantitative methods, for example, species turnover indices to analyse the strength and breadth of biogeographic transition zones. Some authors consider transition zones to represent outstanding areas for analysing the principles shaping biotic assembly, whereas others have dismissed them, sometimes as artificial. Biogeographical transition zones are particularly interesting for a truly integrative biogeography, being natural laboratories where the interaction of historical and ecological processes can be analysed fruitfully, and are especially appropriate for an integrative approach, epistemologically grounded in integrative pluralism. A coherent conceptual framework to analyse transition zones, however, is still lacking.
Age-specific survival of territorial and non-territorial male chamois
Authors: Corlatti Luca , Cotza Antonella 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHow alternative reproductive tactics (ARTs) are maintained in wildlife populations is one of the major questions in evolutionary biology. As a dominant status, territoriality is typically linked to increased mating opportunities, and one explanation why this behaviour coexists with other tactics is that dominance implies survival costs. Such a trade-off may occur in the Northern chamois Rupicapra rupicapra, as reproductive advantages of territorial males over non-territorial males could be counterbalanced by a reduction in survival mediated through energy expenditure, stress and parasitic infections, ultimately favouring ART coexistence. Here, we analysed age-dependent survival probabilities of territorial (n = 15) and non-territorial (n = 16) adult chamois using information collected over 12 years between 2010 and 2021 in the Gran Paradiso National Park (Western Italian Alps). Survival rates were estimated with a CMR approach using Burnham's joint modelling of live encounter and dead recovery data. The model selection procedure, based on AICc value minimisation, supported a linear decrease of survival with age but the results did not match our predictions, as territorial chamois did not have lower survival rates than non-territorial chamois. In contrast, territorial males appeared to enjoy reproductive success at lower survival costs. This, in turn, supports the role of other factors, such as snow-dependent environmental stochasticity, in the maintenance of ARTs in chamois populations. The limited sample size, however, calls for caution in interpretation, and long-term studies of lifetime reproductive success and survival are necessary to clarify the mechanisms underlying the expression and coexistence of different reproductive behaviours in this species.AbstractHow alternative reproductive tactics are maintained in wildlife populations is one of the major questions in evolutionary biology. As a dominant status, territoriality is typically linked to increased mating opportunities, and one explanation why this behaviour coexists with other tactics is that dominance implies survival costs. In this paper, we investigate if reproductive advantages of territoriality are traded off against reduced survival in male Alpine chamois Rupicapra rupicapra. Territorial chamois did not have lower survival rates than non-territorial chamois, possibly supporting the role of external factors in the maintenance of alternative tactics in this species.
Hyper‐reflective dots in optical coherence tomography imaging and inflammation markers in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Mat Nor Mohd N. , Guo Cindy X. , Green Colin R. , Squirrell David , Acosta Monica L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to correlate small dot hyper‐reflective foci (HRF) observed in spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) scans of an animal model of hyperglycaemia with focal electroretinography (fERG) response and immunolabelling of retinal markers. The eyes of an animal model of hyperglycaemia showing signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) were imaged using SD‐OCT. Areas showing dot HRF were further evaluated using fERG. Retinal areas enclosing the HRF were dissected and serially sectioned, stained and labelled for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and a microglial marker (Iba‐1). Small dot HRF were frequently seen in OCT scans in all retinal quadrants in the inner nuclear layer or outer nuclear layer in the DR rat model. Retinal function in the HRF and adjacent areas was reduced compared with normal control rats. Microglial activation was detected by Iba‐1 labelling and retinal stress identified by GFAP expression in Müller cells observed in discrete areas around small dot HRF. Small dot HRF seen in OCT images of the retina are associated with a local microglial response. This study provides the first evidence of dot HRF correlating with microglial activation, which may allow clinicians to better evaluate the microglia‐mediated inflammatory component of progressive diseases showing HRF.
The role of fructose at a range of concentration on the texture and microstructure of freeze‐dried pectin–cellulose matrix cryogel
Authors: Du Qianqian , Bi Jinfeng , Yi Jianyong , Zhao Yuanyuan , Feng Shuhan , Ma Youchuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFreeze‐dried (FD) fruit and vegetable materials with a large amount of sugar are unstable. With the aim to understand the structure formation of FD products, the effects of fructose content on the texture and microstructure of FD matrix were investigated by using pectin–cellulose cryogel model. Cryogels containing fructose of 0–40% were produced using freeze‐drying at three different primary drying temperatures of −40, −20, and 20°C. The resultant cryogels were characterized by texture profile analyzer, scanning electron microscope, and μCT. Results indicated that at drying temperature of −40°C, increasing fructose concentration promoted the hardness of the cryogels, and cryogels of 16% fructose obtained maximum hardness. Excessive fructose (≥20%) weakened the described hardness, while exhibiting stronger springiness and resilience. The microstructure showed that dense pores and increased wall thickness due to fructose aggregation were critical factors responsible for increased hardness. The porous structure as well as relatively large pore size were necessary for crispness, in addition, rigid pore wall with certain strength were also required. At the drying temperature of 20°C, large hetero‐cavities dominated the microstructure of cryogels with 30% and 40% fructose, caused by melting inside during FD process. In this situation, lower Tm (−15.48 and −20.37°C) were responsible for cryogels’ melting In conclusion, if possible, regulating fructose content and state may enable the precision texture design of FD fruit and vegetable foods.
The influence of parasite load on transcriptional activity and morphology of a cestode and its ant intermediate host
Authors: Sistermans Tom , Hartke Juliane , Stoldt Marah , Libbrecht Romain , Foitzik Susanne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractParasites with complex life cycles are known to induce phenotypic changes in their intermediate hosts to increase transmission to the final host. The magnitude of these changes could increase with the number of parasites, which would be beneficial to co‐infecting parasites. Yet, adverse effects of high parasite load (i.e. many parasites in a single host) might stress both hosts and parasites (e.g. through an increased immune response). We investigated the consequences of parasite load on the transcriptional activity and morphology of the cestodeAnomotaenia brevisand its intermediate host, the antTemnothorax nylanderi. We demonstrated that many differentially expressed host genes shifted with parasite load, and their functions indicate a stronger immune response and fight against oxidative stress in heavily infected hosts. The expression of other host genes responded to infection in an all‐or‐nothing manner, as did the morphology of the host workers. However, the cestodes became smaller when they competed with other parasites for resources from a single host. Their expression profile further indicated shifts in host immune avoidance, starvation resistance and vesicle‐mediated transport. In summary, our study reveals clear consequences of parasite load and highlights specific processes and traits affected by this.
Thresholds for persistent leaf photochemical damage predict plant drought resilience in a tropical rainforest
Authors: Fortunel Claire , Stahl Clément , Coste Sabrina , Ziegler Camille , Derroire Géraldine , Levionnois Sébastien , Maréchaux Isabelle , Bonal Damien , Hérault Bruno , Wagner Fabien H. , Sack Lawren , Chave Jérôme , Heuret Patrick , Jansen Steven , John Grace , Scoffoni Christine , Trueba Santiago , Bartlett Megan K. 
Published: May 2023

Summary
Water stress can cause declines in plant function that persist after rehydration. Recent work has defined ‘resilience’ traits characterizing leaf resistance to persistent damage from drought, but whether these traits predict resilience in whole‐plant function is unknown. It is also unknown whether the coordination between resilience and ‘resistance’ – the ability to maintain function during drought – observed globally occurs within ecosystems.
For eight rainforest species, we dehydrated and subsequently rehydrated leaves, and measured water stress thresholds for declines in rehydration capacity and maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm). We tested correlations with embolism resistance and dry season water potentials (ΨMD), and calculated safety margins for damage (ΨMD – thresholds) and tested correlations with drought resilience in sap flow and growth.
Ψ thresholds for persistent declines in Fv/Fm, indicating resilience, were positively correlated with ΨMD and thresholds for leaf vein embolism. Safety margins for persistent declines in Fv/Fm, but not rehydration capacity, were positively correlated with drought resilience in sap flow.
Correlations between resistance and resilience suggest that species' differences in performance during drought are perpetuated after drought, potentially accelerating shifts in forest composition. Resilience to photochemical damage emerged as a promising functional trait to characterize whole‐plant drought resilience.
Severe cardiac conduction disease associated with titin gene mutation
Authors: Uniat Jonathan , Hill Allison , Shwayder Mark , Bar‐Cohen Yaniv 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHeart block is rare in pediatrics with many possible causes. An association between complete heart block (CHB) and pathogenic titin (TTN) mutations have not been previously described. We report a 9‐year‐old female with history of leukodystrophy and family history of atrial fibrillation who presented with syncope and conduction abnormalities, including CHB. She underwent pacemaker implantation and genetic testing demonstrated a pathogenic TTN mutation likely responsible for her cardiac findings. Our case suggests an association between TTN mutations and conduction disease and emphasizes broadening gene testing in assessing these patients, especially when a family history is present.
Left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation can accelerate stress recovery: A repetitive transcranial stimulation study
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Gao Heming , Qi Mingming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, a single high‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF‐rTMS) session was applied over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) after a moderate‐to‐intense stressor to investigate whether left DLPFC stimulation could regulate cortisol concentration after stress induction. Participants were randomly divided into three groups (stress‐TMS, stress, and placebo‐stress). Stress was induced in both the stress‐TMS and stress groups using the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). The placebo‐stress group received a placebo TSST. In the stress‐TMS group, a single HF‐rTMS session was applied over the left DLPFC after TSST. Cortisol was measured across the different groups, and each group's responses to the stress‐related questionnaire were recorded. After TSST, both the stress‐TMS and stress groups reported increased self‐reported stress, state anxiety, negative affect, and cortisol concentration compared with the placebo‐stress group, indicating that TSST successfully induced a stress response. Compared with the stress group, the stress‐TMS group exhibited reduced cortisol levels at 0, 15, 30, and 45 min after HF‐rTMS. These results suggest that left DLPFC stimulation after stress induction might accelerate the stress recovery.