bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significantly Boosted Photothermoelectric Effect via Carrier Injection in Au Decorated SWCNT Films for Infrared Detection
Authors: Li Xibin , Sheng Ming , Liang Jiajie , Zheng Junqing , Zheng Yantao , Wang Shaokai , Li Qi , Zhao Li‐Dong , Deng Yuan , Wang Yao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) have established their promising application as infrared photodetector and the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect is demonstrated to play a critical role. While extensive studies are focused on the optoelectronic behaviors, the thermoelectric conversion involved in the PTE has been pursued to less extent probably due to the overall low thermopower under infrared (IR) illumination. Herein, to trigger a stronger PTE response, Au/CNT heterojunctions are formed by Au nanoparticles (NPs) decoration of CNT films to facilitate both light absorption and carrier transportation, so that thermoelectric property is enhanced simultaneously. Significant boost on infrared radiation energy conversion capability is therefore enabled in Au NPs decorated CNT film, delivering maximum output voltage of 26.1 mV and power of 27.3 µW, outperforming the state‐of‐the art photodetectors based on PTE effect. The transport mechanism is revealed via combining in situ Kelvin Probe Force Microscope mapping of the surface potential and macroscopic transport and output performances under IR illumination. Finally, the IR detection function is validated via an 8‐channel IR detector prototype, presenting sensitive responsivity and long‐term cyclic stability. The study thus demonstrates the PTE effect as a promising platform toward high‐performance optoelectronic applications such as IR detection and solar energy harvesting.
Tumor Microenvironment‐Responsive Hydrogel for Direct Extracellular ATP Imaging‐Guided Surgical Resection with Clear Boundaries
Authors: Yang Jingyi , Qu Jiahao , Teng Xuanming , Zhu Weiping , Xu Yufang , Yang Yangyang , Qian Xuhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMost solid tumors are clinically treated using surgical resection, and the presence of residual tumor tissues at the surgical margins often determines tumor survival and recurrence. Herein, a hydrogel (Apt‐HEX/Cp‐BHQ1 Gel, termed AHB Gel) is developed for fluorescence‐guided surgical resection. AHB Gel is constructed by tethering a polyacrylamide hydrogel and ATP‐responsive aptamers together. It exhibits strong fluorescence under high ATP concentrations corresponding to the TME (100–500 µm) but shows little fluorescence at low ATP concentrations (10–100 nm) such as those in normal tissues. AHB Gel can rapidly (within 3 min) emit fluorescence after exposure to ATP, and the fluorescence signal only occurs at sites exposed to high ATP, resulting in a clear boundary between the ATP‐high and ATP‐low regions. In vivo, AHB Gel exhibits specific tumor‐targeting capacity with no fluorescence response in normal tissue, providing clear tumor boundaries. In addition, AHB Gel has good storage stability, which is conducive to its future clinical application. In summary, AHB Gel is a novel tumor microenvironment‐targeted DNA‐hybrid hydrogel for ATP‐based fluorescence imaging. It can enable the precise imaging of tumor tissues, showing promising application in fluorescence‐guided surgeries in the future.
Implementing Logic Gates by DNA Crystal Engineering
Authors: Zhang Cuizheng , Paluzzi Victoria E. , Sha Ruojie , Jonoska Natasha , Mao Chengde 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDNA self‐assembly computation is attractive for its potential to perform massively parallel information processing at the molecular level while at the same time maintaining its natural biocompatibility. It has been extensively studied at the individual molecule level, but not as much as ensembles in 3D. Here, the feasibility of implementing logic gates, the basic computation operations, in large ensembles: macroscopic, engineered 3D DNA crystals is demonstrated. The building blocks are the recently developed DNA double crossover‐like (DXL) motifs. They can associate with each other via sticky‐end cohesion. Common logic gates are realized by encoding the inputs within the sticky ends of the motifs. The outputs are demonstrated through the formation of macroscopic crystals that can be easily observed. This study points to a new direction of construction of complex 3D crystal architectures and DNA‐based biosensors with easy readouts.
Boost and Contraction of Flow by Herringbone Surface Design on the Microfluidic Channel Wall
Authors: Filippi Daniele , Derzsi Ladislav , Nalin Francesco , Vezzani Andrea , Ferraro Davide , Zaltron Annamaria , Mistura Giampaolo , Pierno Matteo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe handling of yield‐stress fluids typically involves a jammed‐to‐flow transition that is pivotal for many injection and transport technologies on different scales, such as additive manufacturing, injection molding, food rheology, and oil transport. For all of these applications, it is crucial to be able to tune the fluidization under constant load. The pressure‐driven flow of emulsions is reported within a microfluidic channel, one wall of which is patterned by a herringbone‐riblet roughness comprising a regular array of V‐shaped grooves. With respect to the pressure gradient, this pattern displays a convergent (divergent) orientation that provides a forward (backward) direction. At the tip of the herringbone pattern, the forward and backward flows are almost identical for a viscous Newtonian fluid and a diluted emulsion, whereas a surprising flow boost in the forward direction is observed as the emulsion approaches a jammed state. The flow boost is more effective at small herringbone angles and low pressure loads. 3D velocity profiles along the channel cross‐section unravel unexpected heterogeneous stress, band‐like distributed, with evidence of nonlocal correlations.
Phase Nanoengineering via Thermal Scanning Probe Lithography and Direct Laser Writing
Authors: Levati Valerio , Girardi Davide , Pellizzi Nicola , Panzeri Matteo , Vitali Matteo , Petti Daniela , Albisetti Edoardo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNanomaterials derive their electronic, magnetic, and optical properties from their specific nanostructure. In most cases, nanostructured materials and their properties are defined during the materials growth, and nanofabrication techniques, such as lithography, are employed subsequently for device fabrication. Herein, a perspective is presented on a different approach for creating nanomaterials and devices where, after growth, advanced nanofabrication techniques are used to directly nanostructure condensed matter systems, by inducing highly controlled, localized, and stable changes in the electronic, magnetic, or optical properties. Then, advantages, limitations, applications in materials science and technology are highlighted, and future perspectives are discussed.
Strong Electron‐Phonon Coupling Mediates Carrier Transport in BiFeO3
Authors: Ou Zhenwei , Peng Bin , Chu Weibin , Li Zhe , Wang Cheng , Zeng Yan , Chen Hongyi , Wang Qiuyu , Dong Guohua , Wu Yongyi , Qiu Ruibin , Ma Li , Zhang Lili , Liu Xiaoze , Li Tao , Yu Ting , Hu Zhongqiang , Wang Ti , Liu Ming , Xu Hongxing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe electron‐phonon interaction is known as one of the major mechanisms determining electrical and thermal properties. In particular, it alters the carrier transport behaviors and sets fundamental limits to carrier mobility. Establishing how electrons interact with phonons and the resulting impact on the carrier transport property is significant for the development of high‐efficiency electronic devices. Here, carrier transport behavior mediated by the electron‐phonon coupling in BiFeO3 epitaxial thin films is directly observed. Acoustic phonons are generated by the inverse piezoelectric effect and coupled with photocarriers. Via the electron‐phonon coupling, doughnut shape carrier distribution has been observed due to the coupling between hot carriers and phonons. The hot carrier quasi‐ballistic transport length can reach 340 nm within 1 ps. The results suggest an effective approach to investigating the effects of electron‐phonon interactions with temporal and spatial resolutions, which is of great importance for designing and improving electronic devices.
Captive bonobos (Pan paniscus) apply precision grips when using flaked stone tools
Authors: Cebeiro Adela , Key Alastair 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesCurrent evidence suggests that flaked stone tool technologies did not emerge until ~3.3–2.6 million‐years‐ago (Ma). It is often hypothesized that early hominin (principally Ardipithecus and early Australopithecus) manual anatomy may have prevented an earlier emergence, as the forceful precision grips essential to flake tool‐use may have been ineffectively performed by these species. Marzke, Marchant, McGrew, and Reece (2015) observed potentially forceful pad‐to‐side precision grips being recruited by wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) during feeding behaviors, indicating that Pan‐like manual anatomy, and therefore potentially early hominin anatomy, may be capable of effectively securing flake stone tools during their use.Materials and MethodsHere, we report on the grips recruited by four captive, human‐trained, bonobos (Pan paniscus) during the use of stone and organic tools, including flake stone tools during cutting behaviors.ResultsIt is revealed that pad‐to‐side precision grips are frequently recruited by these bonobos when securing stone flakes during cutting actions. In some instances, high forces could have been resisted and applied by the thumb and fingers.DiscussionWhile our analyzes are preliminary and limited to captive individuals, and Pan is not suggested to secure flakes with the same efficacy as Homo or Australopithecus, it points to early hominins potentially being able to perform the precision grips required to use flake stone tools. In turn, the ability to gain tangible benefits from the effective use of flake tools (i.e., gain energetic returns from processing food resources) may have been – at least anatomically – possible in early Australopithecus and other pre‐Early Stone Age hominin species. In turn, hominin manual anatomy may not be a leading restriction on the emergence of the earliest stone tool technologies.
Illustrating the Fate of Methyl Radical in Photocatalytic Methane Oxidation over Ag−ZnO by in situ Synchrotron Radiation Photoionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Liu Chengyuan , Qian Bing , Xiao Tianci , Lv Chunchun , Luo Jinsong , Bao Jun , Pan Yang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhotocatalysis has emerged as an ideal method for the direct activation and conversion of methane under mild conditions. In this reaction, methyl radical (⋅CH3) was deemed a key intermediate that affected the yields and selectivity of the products. However, direct observation of ⋅CH3 and other intermediates is still challenging. Here, a rectangular photocatalytic reactor coupled with in situ synchrotron radiation photoionization mass spectrometry (SR‐PIMS) was developed to detect reactive intermediates within several hundred microseconds during photocatalytic methane oxidation over Ag−ZnO. Gas phase ⋅CH3 generated by photogenerated holes (O−) was directly observed, and its formation was demonstrated to be significantly enhanced by coadsorbed oxygen molecules. Methoxy radical (CH3O⋅) and formaldehyde (HCHO) were confirmed to be key C1 intermediates in photocatalytic methane overoxidation to CO2. The gas‐phase self‐coupling reaction of ⋅CH3 contributes to the formation of ethane, which indicates the key role of ⋅CH3 desorption in the highly selective synthesis of ethane. Based on the observed intermediates, the reaction network initiated from ⋅CH3 of photocatalytic methane oxidation could be clearly illustrated, which is helpful for studying the photocatalytic methane conversion processes.
Design of the Ionic Organic Nonlinear Optical Material NH4[LiC3H(CH3)O4] with Ultrawide Band Gap and Moderate Birefringence
Authors: Tian Haotian , Lin Chensheng , Zhou Yuqiao , Zhao Xin , Fan Huixin , Yan Tao , Ye Ning , Luo Min 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIonic organic crystals containing organic planar π‐conjugated units has become one of the hot spots as nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. However, although this type of ionic organic NLO crystals commonly have remarkable second harmonic generation (SHG) responses, they also suffer from overlarge birefringences and relatively small band gaps that be hardly beyond 6.2 eV. Herein, a flexible π‐conjugated [C3H(CH3)O4]2− unit was theoretically revealed, showing great potential for designing NLO crystals with balanced optical properties. Accordingly, through the reasonable NLO‐favourable layered design, a new ionic organic material, NH4[LiC3H(CH3)O4], was successfully obtained. As expected, it achieves not only a large SHG effect (4×KDP), but also a suitable birefringence (0.06@546 nm) and an ultrawide band gap (>6.5 eV). This study provides a new flexible π‐conjugated NLO‐active unit, contributing to design more ionic organic NLO materials with excellent balanced optical properties.
Reversible elektrochemische Abscheidung Kalium‐verbrückter molekularer Vanadiumoxide: Ein neuer Ansatz zur Multielektronenspeicherung
Authors: Arya Nikhil , Philipp Tom , Greiner Simon , Steiner Michael , Kranz Christine , Anjass Montaha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMolekulare Metalloxide, so genannte Polyoxometallate (POMs), sind ausgezeichnete Katalysatoren, die kürzlich Beachtung als Materialien für Energieumwandlungs‐ und ‐speichersysteme gefunden haben, aufgrund ihrer Eigenschaft, mehrere Elektronen speichern und austauschen zu können. In dieser Studie berichten wir erstmals über die redox‐getriebene, reversible Elektrodeposition von molekularen Vanadiumoxid‐Clustern, die zur Abscheidung von dünnen Filmen führt. Die eingehende Untersuchung des Abscheidemechanismus zeigt eine Abhängigkeit der Reversibilität vom Reduktionspotential. Untersuchungen mittels der elektrochemischen Quarzkristall‐Mikrowaage und Studien mittels Röntgen‐Photoelektronenspektroskopie (XPS) geben Aufschluss über das Redoxverhalten und die Oxidationsstufen des Vanadiums in den abgeschiedenen Filmen in Abhängigkeit vom gewählten Potential während der Abscheidung. Es konnte eine Multielektronenreduktion des Polyoxovanadat‐Clusters bestätigt werden, welche eine durch K+‐Ionen unterstützte reversible Bildung von Kaliumvanadiumoxid‐Dünnschichten ermöglicht. Im positiven (anodischen) Potentialbereich wird eine Re‐oxidierung des Polyoxovanadats und ein vollständiges Entfernen (Stripping) des dünnen Films beobachtet für Filme, die bei einem Potential von höher als −500 mV vs. Ag/Ag+ abgeschieden wurden, während die Elektroabscheidung bei einem negativeren kathodischen Potential die elektrochemische Reversibilität des Prozesses verringert und das Potential für das Stripping erhöht. Das Potential dieser Filme und der mögliche Einsatz der abgeschiedenen Filme für die Anwendung in Kalium‐Ionen‐Batterien wird gezeigt.
Synthesis of oxime ester‐based epoxy resin with chemical recyclability
Authors: Youn Hyunshick , Hong Younggi , Yu Ayeong , Jeong Jisu , Goh Munju 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEpoxy, a typical thermosetting resin, exhibits excellent mechanical properties, thermal stability, and chemical resistance. However, it can cause environmental pollution when discarded prior to decomposition. In this study, a novel oxime epoxy based on 1,4‐benzoquinone dioxime was developed. It decomposes quickly under mild conditions and without requiring organic solvents, thus is environmentally friendly. The optimal curing temperature for benzoquinone oxime epoxy (BOE) with a curing agent was 85°C as determined by differential scanning calorimetry. In addition, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the BOE/1,6‐hexanediamine (HMDA) resin are 20 and 400 MPa, respectively, and Tg is 76°C. Furthermore, thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the BOE resin was thermally stable. Interestingly, BOE/HMDA degraded in 8 h under mild conditions. This rapid degradation will facilitate the development of new chemically degradable epoxy molecules with embedded oximes and provide insights into solving the environmental problems caused by discarded epoxy resin.
Corrosion prevention and control using in situ phase layers formation via application of the complexing‐type inhibitors
Authors: Vyshnevska Yu. P. , Brazhnyk I. V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA set of organic ligands of different natures has been investigated as complexing‐type corrosion inhibitors for the protection of low carbon steel in an acidic medium. The inhibitive mechanism implying the formation of phase protective layers on the metal surface as a result of the complexation process of added organic ligands with the metal cations is being discussed. The results of the investigation of the influence of pH and temperature conditions on the phase layers formation dynamics have been presented. A range of practical aspects of the application of organic ligands as complexing‐type inhibitors for the formation of ultrathin coatings have been discussed. The stability constant of the metal–ligand complex and its solubility have been proposed as the basis of a predictive model for analytical assessment of their potential protective efficiency.
Major intracranial arterial stenosis influence association between baseline blood pressure and clinical outcomes after thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients
Authors: Gao Lijie , Li Zuoxiao , Yuan Zhengzhou , Yi Xingyang , Li Jie , Cui Chaohua , Chen Ning , He Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between baseline blood pressure (BP) and clinical outcomes after thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in different intracranial arterial stenosis subgroups.MethodsAIS patients from multicenter with intravenous thrombolysis were retrospectively enrolled from January 2013 to December 2021. We categorized participants into severe (≥ 70%) and nonsevere (< 70%) stenosis of major intracranial arteries subgroups. The primary outcome was unfavorable functional outcome defined as 3‐month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≥2. The association coefficients between baseline BP and functional outcomes were estimated in general linear regression model. The interactive effect was tested to determine the influence of intracranial arterial stenosis on the association between BP and clinical outcomes.ResultsA total of 329 patients were included. Severe subgroup was detected in 151 patients with average age of 70.5. Association between baseline diastolic BP (DBP) and unfavorable functional outcome in intracranial artery stenosis subgroups was significantly different (p for interaction < .05). In nonsevere subgroup, higher baseline DBP was associated with higher risk of unfavorable outcome (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.20, p = .009) compared with severe subgroup (OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.08, p = .341). Besides, intracranial artery stenosis also modified association between baseline systolic BP (SBP) and 3‐month death (p for interaction < .05). In severe subgroup, higher baseline SBP was associated with decreased 3‐month death risk (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78 to 1, p = .044) compared with nonsevere subgroup (OR 1, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.07, p = .908).ConclusionsThe major intracranial artery state modulates association between baseline BP and 3‐month clinical outcomes after intravenous thrombolysis.
Regeneration of spent lithium manganate into cation‐doped and oxygen‐deficient MnO2 cathodes toward ultralong lifespan and wide‐temperature‐tolerant aqueous Zn‐ion batteries
Authors: Yao Qi , Xiao Fuyu , Lin Chuyuan , Xiong Peixun , Lai Wenbin , Zhang Jixiang , Xue Hun , Sun Xiaoli , Wei Mingdeng , Qian Qingrong , Zeng Lingxing , Chen Qinghua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractManganese‐based compounds have been regarded as the most promising cathode materials for rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) due to their high theoretical capacity. Unfortunately, aqueous Zn–manganese dioxide (MnO2) batteries have poor cycling stability and are unstable across a wide temperature range, severely limiting their commercial application. Cationic preinsertion and defect engineering might increase active sites and electron delocalization, which render the high mobility of the MnO2 cathode when operated across a wide temperature range. In the present work, for the first time, we successfully introduced lithium ions and ammonium ions into manganese dioxide (LNMOd@CC) by an electrodeposition combined with low‐temperature calcination route using spent lithium manganate as a raw material. The obtained LNMOd@CC exhibits a high reversible capacity (300 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1) and an outstanding long lifespan of over 9000 cycles at 5.0 A g−1 with a capacity of 152 mAh g−1, which is significant for both the high‐value recycling of spent lithium manganate batteries and high‐performance modification for MnO2 cathodes. Besides, the LNMOd@CC demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance across wide temperature ranges (0–50°C). This strategy simultaneously alleviates the shortage of raw materials and fabricates electrodes for new battery systems. This work provides a new strategy for recovering cathode materials of spent lithium‐ion batteries and designing aqueous multivalent ion batteries.
#sustainablefashion on Instagram: A content and network analysis of user‐generated posts
Authors: Skinner Erin A. , Le Busque Brianna , Dorrian Jillian , Litchfield Carla A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe social and environmental impacts of the global fashion industry face increasing scrutiny. As such, consumers and brands look towards ‘sustainable fashion’ for low‐impact alternatives. Simultaneously, visual social media platforms such as Instagram have become prevalent places for fashion advertising and discourse. To investigate this under‐researched area, the current study utilises visual content and social network analysis to explore how sustainable fashion is presented on Instagram, specifically: (a) what visual characteristics are present within sustainable fashion content, and (b) in what broader contexts and communities is discussion of sustainable fashion taking place? Posts included under the hashtag #sustainablefashion (N = 650) were inspected for visual characteristics, including type of clothing, presence of person, post setting, presence of nature, and post format. Most posts were photographs located indoors with no person and no nature‐based elements. The hashtags used alongside #sustainablefashion were analysed with Gephi software to establish a social network and community groups of related topics. Network analysis revealed four key community groups: online‐promotional, artisan‐traditional, eco‐ethical, and Malay‐online‐selling. Secondhand fashion also appeared to be the most prominent sustainable fashion alternative on Instagram. This study is one of the first to investigate the characteristics of user‐generated #sustainablefashion content on Instagram. Whilst social media is a burgeoning avenue for research, existing studies primarily investigate how these platforms can be harnessed for advertising, rather than what users themselves are already posting. Implications for brands who use this platform and opportunities for future research are discussed.