bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1014F-kdrand G119Sace-1mutations conferring insecticide resistance detected in theCulex pipienscomplex in Morocco
Authors: Aboulfadl Souhail , Faraj Chafika , Rabeh Karim , Ameur Btissam , Belkadi Bouchra , Mellouki Fouad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCulex pipiensmosquitoes are competent vectors for several arboviruses worldwide. In Morocco, they specially transmit West Nile virus (VWN) and Rift Valley fever virus (VFVR) (Bkhache et al., 2018). The repeated treatment with chemical insecticides in areas highly exposed to the mosquitoes’ nuisance leads to the resistance development. The lack of data on resistance mechanisms in Morocco allow us to evaluate both of the levels of DDT resistance accompanied by the frequency of the mutated gene associated L1014Fkdr, and the levels of bendiocarb resistance accompanied by the frequency of the mutated gene associated G119Sace-1Rrespectively in both regions Benslimane and Mohammedia.MethodsMosquito larvae were collected from two different breeding sites: El Jazeera from Benslimane region and Ouled Hamimoun from Mohammedia region. Adults were reared from collected immature stages in the laboratory at 28 ± 1 °C with 80% relative humidity. Standard WHO insecticide susceptibility tests were conducted on adult females emerged from collected larvae. Specimens were identified asCulex pipiensfollowing morphological criteria under microscope using Culicidae of African Mediterranean software (Giner et al., 1999). Identified mosquitoes were then tested for the presence of the L1014Fkdrand G119Sace-1Rmutations using PCR assay.ResultsOur results showed that all the tested populations have a resistance to DDT 4% with a mortality rate ranging from 2% to 74%, and to bendiocarb 0.1% with a mortality rate ranging from 32% to 74%. In plus, 30 individuals from each region were screened for both mutations L1014Fkdrand G119Sace-1R. The molecular identification of survivor genes shows the presence of L1014Fkdrmutation in both region with different frequencies. The allelic frequency was low with 0.15% in Mohammedia region and complete absence of resistant homozygotes alleles 1014F/1014F in the same region, but average with 0.65% in Benslimane region. However, the G119Sace-1Rmutation was absent in both regions. These results are consistent with those published by Aboulfadl et al. (2020) on the same populations and who found that the resistance of Mohammedia populations is completely metabolic and based only on cytochrome P450 enzymes while that of Benslimane populations is partially metabolic.ConclusionThe study highlights the implication of L1014Fkdrmutation in DDT resistance and G119Sace-1Rmutation in bendiocarb resistance inCx. pipienspopulations from two regions in Morocco.
Cellular Immunotherapy in Mice Prevents Maternal Hypertension and Restores Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Balance in Maternal and Fetal Tissues
Authors: Gray Gabrielle , Scroggins Douglas G. , Wilson Katlin T. , Scroggins Sabrina M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPreeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal-fetal morbidity world-wide.The concept that persistent feto-placental intolerance is important in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia (PreE) has been demonstrated by our lab and others. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) infusion during pregnancy induces cardiovascular, renal, and T helper (Th) cell alterations in mice consistent with human PreE. In addition to their conventional immuno-stimulatory role, dendritic cells (DCs) also play a vital role in immune tolerance. In contrast to conventional DCs, regulatory DCs (DCregs) express low levels of co-stimulatory markers, produce anti-inflammatory cytokines, induce T regulatory (Treg) cells, and promote tolerance. In mice, DCregs prevent pro-inflammatory responses and induce antigen-specific tolerance. Given these known functions of DCregs, we hypothesize that DCregs will prevent the development of AVP-induced PreE in mice. C57BL/6J females were infused with AVP (24 ng/hour) or saline throughout gestation via osmotic minipump. Bone marrow derived DCregs were injected into AVP-infused dams at the time of pump implantation or on gestational day (GD) 7. Blood pressure was taken throughout pregnancy. Maternal urine protein and TH-associated cytokines in maternal and fetal tissues were measured on GD 18. Treatment with DCregs effectively prevented the elevation of maternal blood pressure, proteinuria, and fetal growth restriction that was observed in AVP-infused dams. Furthermore, we noted a reduction in pro-inflammatory TH-associated cytokines IFNγ and IL-17, while anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and TGFβ showed an increase following DCreg treatment. These outcomes provide strong evidence supporting the potential of DCregs as a valuable therapeutic approach in addressing PreE.
Prevalence of and gene regulatory constraints on transcriptional adaptation in single cells
Authors: Mellis Ian A. , Bodkin Nicholas , Melzer Madeline E. , Goyal Yogesh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCells and tissues have a remarkable ability to adapt to genetic perturbations via a variety of molecular mechanisms. Nonsense-induced transcriptional compensation, a form of transcriptional adaptation, has recently emerged as one such mechanism, in which nonsense mutations in a gene can trigger upregulation of related genes, possibly conferring robustness at cellular and organismal levels. However, beyond a handful of developmental contexts and curated sets of genes, to date, no comprehensive genome-wide investigation of this behavior has been undertaken for mammalian cell types and contexts. Moreover, how the regulatory-level effects of inherently stochastic compensatory gene networks contribute to phenotypic penetrance in single cells remains unclear. Here we combine computational analysis of existing datasets with stochastic mathematical modeling and machine learning to uncover the widespread prevalence of transcriptional adaptation in mammalian systems and the diverse single-cell manifestations of minimal compensatory gene networks. Regulon gene expression analysis of a pooled single-cell genetic perturbation dataset recapitulates important model predictions. Our integrative approach uncovers several putative hits—genes demonstrating possible transcriptional adaptation—to follow up on experimentally, and provides a formal quantitative framework to test and refine models of transcriptional adaptation.
What affects organic farming adoption in emerging economies? A missing link in the Indian agriculture sector
Authors: Kumar Jitender , Rana Sudhir , Rani Vinki , Ahuja Anjali 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThis article intends to explore critical factors that affect the adoption of organic farming in emerging economies. The authors respond to the calls from policymakers, non-government organizations, business firms and scholars to improve the farmers' awareness of the negative impact of synthetic chemical pesticides, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers and mineral nitrogen used in traditional farming.Design/methodology/approachThrough self-administered survey questionnaires, responses were obtained from 397 farmers (conventional) regarding organic farming adoption in Haryana (India). The survey responses were collected between October 2022 and December 2022. The authors apply the “partial least squares structural equation modeling” (PLS-SEM) to test the framed hypotheses.FindingsThe present article demonstrates six critical determinants of organic farming adoption, i.e. behavioral, cultivation, economic, governmental, marketing, and social factors. These six factors drive 71.0% (R2) variation in organic farming adoption. Governmental factors have a positive but insignificant influence on organic farming adoption. Interestingly, the impact of behavioral and cultivation factors is crucial per path coefficient values.Originality/valueFor the first time, the authors conducted a study on organic farming adoption in Haryana that lies in its context-specific implementation, utilization of localized knowledge and expertise, regional policy support, agricultural diversification and community participation. Future research can build upon by adding agriculture scientists to the study to respond to the cost, quality of the crop and impact of socio-economic policies as moderators/mediators on adoption decisions.
On the connection between clean energy stocks and African stock markets: does uncertainty due to infectious diseases matter?
Authors: Fasanya Ismail , Oyewole Oluwatomisin 
Published: August 2023

PurposeAs financial markets for environmentally friendly investment grow in both scope and size, analyzing the relationship between green financial markets and African stocks becomes an important issue. Therefore, this paper examines the role of infectious disease-based uncertainty on the dynamic spillovers between African stock markets and clean energy stocks.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ the dynamic spillover in time and frequency domains and the nonparametric causality-in-quantiles approach over the period of November 30, 2010, to August 18, 2021.FindingsThese findings are discernible in this study's analysis. First, the authors find evidence of strong connectedness between the African stock markets and the clean energy market, and long-lived but weak in the short and medium investment horizons. Second, the BDS test shows that nonlinearity is crucial when examining the role of infectious disease-based equity market volatility in affecting the interactions between clean energy stocks and African stock markets. Third, the causal analysis provides evidence in support of a nonlinear causal relationship between uncertainties due to infectious diseases and the connection between both markets, mostly at lower and median quantiles.Originality/valueConsidering the global and recent use of clean energy equities and the stock markets for hedging and speculative purposes, one may argue that rising uncertainties may significantly influence risk transmissions across these markets. This study, therefore, is the first to examine the role of pandemic uncertainty on the connection between clean stocks and the African stock markets.
Employee ownership in the UK
Authors: Pendleton Andrew , Robinson Andrew , Nuttall Graeme 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThe paper traces the development of employee ownership in the UK since the 1980s. It proposes that employee ownership is a function of macro-level contexts and micro-level decisions, with the latter framed and guided by the former. The macro context comprises the regulatory framework and the provision of incentives to adopt employee ownership. The paper shows how the evolution of these has led to a steep increase in employee ownership in the last eight years.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on several sources of empirical data to chart the development of employee ownership in the UK since the 1980s and to identify the current features of employee ownership. Two firm-level surveys conducted in 2015 and 2020/21 are supplemented by qualitative case study data collected in the early 1990s. An annual census of all employee-owned firms facilitates a comprehensive overview of the current state of UK employee ownership.FindingsIt is found that there has been a steep increase in the number of UK employee-owned firms since 2014 after several decades of uneven growth. This is attributed to the introduction of new incentives and to refinements of the regulatory framework. Over the period, there has been a shift from hybrid employee ownership, combining direct and indirect forms, to indirect ownership associated with the employee ownership trust model.Originality/valueThe paper provides an original history of employee ownership in the UK using rich and unique data, along with the most comprehensive picture of current employee ownership to date.
Refractory otitis media and otitis externa in a koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) treated with total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy
Authors: Swaffield MJ , Liberts M , Gillett AK , Moses PA 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first report fully describing the surgical and medical management of otitis media and otitis externa in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) treated by total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy.Case ReportAn adult male koala captured as part of a monitoring project in South East Queensland was diagnosed with chlamydial cystitis. Purulent discharge from the right ear was also observed; diagnostic imaging was consistent with otitis media and otitis externa. Yokenella regensburgei was repeatedly cultured from the site. Clinical signs resolved with topical antibiotic therapy; however, recrudesced following cessation of antibiotics. A total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy was performed, followed by an extended period of systemic antibiotic therapy. Mild facial nerve paresis was observed for 4 weeks postoperatively and resolved spontaneously. The koala remained clinically healthy for the 6 months it was monitored following release.ConclusionTotal ear canal ablation combined with lateral bulla osteotomy appears to be an appropriate surgical intervention for otitis media combined with otitis externa refractory to medical management in the koala. Transient postoperative facial nerve paresis is a possible complication, as documented in other species. To the authors' knowledge this is the first case of Yokenella regensburgei infection outside of humans and American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis); the clinical significance of this pathogen in the koala remains unknown.
Outcomes of patients with light chain (AL) amyloidosis after failure of daratumumab‐based therapy
Authors: Theodorakakou Foteini , Fotiou Despina , Spiliopoulou Vasiliki , Roussou Maria , Malandrakis Panagiotis , Ntanasis‐Stathopoulos Ioannis , Migkou Magdalini , Eleutherakis‐Papaiakovou Evangelos , Kanellias Nikolaos , Papanikolaou Asimina , Gavriatopoulou Maria , Terpos Evangelos , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Kastritis Efstathios 
Published: August 2023

SummaryAs daratumumab use in AL amyloidosis increases, more patients will either relapse after or become refractory to daratumumab. We present the outcome of 33 patients with AL who failed on daratumumab (due to haematological relapse in 21 [64%] patients and inadequate haematological response in 12 [36%]) and received further treatment. Overall response rate in the post‐daratumumab failure treatment was 55% (CR/VGPR: 14 [42%] and PR: 3 [9%] patients). Patients retreated with daratumumab and patients harbouring +1q21 had lower rates of response. Treatment of patients with AL who fail daratumumab therapy is feasible when non‐cross‐resistant drugs or other targeted therapies are available.
Venous thromboembolism in multiple myeloma: Increasing evidence in support of direct oral anticoagulants
Authors: Swan D. , Comerford C. , Quinn J. 
Published: August 2023

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) continues to cause significant morbidity and excess mortality in patients with multiple myeloma. The report by Costa and colleagues demonstrates superiority of direct oral anticoagulants over aspirin in terms of VTE prevention, without increased bleeding complications seen.Commentary on: Costa et al. Direct oral anticoagulants versus aspirin for primary thromboprophylaxis in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing outpatient therapy: A systematic review and updated meta‐analysis. Br J Haematol 2023;203:395–403.
Low risk of embryonic and other cancers in PIK3CA‐related overgrowth spectrum: Impact on screening recommendations
Authors: Faivre Laurence , Crépin Jean‐Charles , Réda Manon , Nambot Sophie , Carmignac Virginie , Abadie Caroline , Mirault Tristan , Faure‐Conter Cécile , Mazereeuw‐Hautier Juliette , Maza Aude , Puzenat Eve , Collonge‐Rame Marie‐Agnès , Bursztejn Anne‐Claire , Philippe Christophe , Thauvin‐Robinet Christel , Chevarin Martin , Abasq‐Thomas Claire , Amiel Jeanne , Arpin Stéphanie , Barbarot Sébastien , Baujat Geneviève , Bessis Didier , Bourrat Emmanuelle , Boute Odile , Chassaing Nicolas , Coubes Christine , Demeer Bénédicte , Edery Patrick , El Chehadeh Salima , Goldenberg Alice , Hadj‐Rabia Smail , Haye Damien , Isidor Bertrand , Jacquemont Marie‐Line , Van Kien Philippe Khau , Lacombe Didier , Lehalle Daphné , Lambert Laetitia , Martin Ludovic , Maruani Annabel , Morice‐Picard Fanny , Petit Florence , Phan Alice , Pinson Lucile , Rossi Massimiliano , Touraine Renaud , Vanlerberghe Clémence , Vincent Marie , Vincent‐Delorme Catherine , Whalen Sandra , Willems Marjolaine , Marle Nathalie , Verkarre Virginie , Devalland Christine , Devouassoux‐Shisheboran Mojgan , Abad Marine , Rioux‐Leclercq Nathalie , Bonniaud Bertille , Duffourd Yannis , Martel Jehanne , Binquet Christine , Kuentz Paul , Vabres Pierre 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe PIK3CA‐related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) encompasses various conditions caused by mosaic activating PIK3CA variants. PIK3CA somatic variants are also involved in various cancer types. Some generalized overgrowth syndromes are associated with an increased risk of Wilms tumor (WT). In PROS, abdominal ultrasound surveillance has been advocated to detect WT. We aimed to determine the risk of embryonic and other types of tumors in patients with PROS in order to evaluate surveillance relevance. We searched the clinical charts from 267 PROS patients for the diagnosis of cancer, and reviewed the medical literature for the risk of cancer. In our cohort, six patients developed a cancer (2.2%), and Kaplan Meier analyses estimated cumulative probabilities of cancer occurrence at 45 years of age was 5.6% (95% CI = 1.35%–21.8%). The presence of the PIK3CA variant was only confirmed in two out of four tumor samples. In the literature and our cohort, six cases of Wilms tumor/nephrogenic rests (0.12%) and four cases of other cancers have been reported out of 483 proven PIK3CA patients, in particular the p.(His1047Leu/Arg) variant. The risk of WT in PROS being lower than 5%, this is insufficient evidence to recommend routine abdominal imaging. Long‐term follow‐up studies are needed to evaluate the risk of other cancer types, as well as the relationship with the extent of tissue mosaicism and the presence or not of the variant in the tumor samples.
A systematic review of psychological interventions in adults with pulmonary hypertension: Is the evidence‐base disproportionate to the problem?
Authors: Rawlings Gregg H. , Novakova Barbora , Armstrong Iain , Thompson Andrew R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionOur understanding of the psychological impact of living with pulmonary hypertension (PH) is growing, particularly for how anxiety and depression present in this group. There is evidence for the use of psychological interventions in other chronic lung conditions; however, trials focusing on adults with PH have yet to be subject to a systematic review.MethodsWe systematically searched four databases for evidence examining the effectiveness of psychological interventions for adults with PH. A narrative approach has been used to present findings.ResultsOverall, 186 unique articles were identified of which four were suitable. Data was gathered from 143 individuals. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), metacognitive therapy (MCT) or counselling were investigated. All three studies reported a significant reduction in anxiety and depression, and some secondary outcomes were also associated with change.DiscussionThe evidence supporting the use of psychological therapies for adults with PH is promising, although limited. There is an urgent need for more research in this area to better understand how we can support this clinical group.
Alcohol‐related sexual harassment in the workplace: A between and within industry analysis
Authors: Lund Ingeborg , Moan Inger Synnøve , Halkjelsvik Torleif 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionSexual harassment as a political/legal issue was revitalised by the #MeToo movement in 2017. We estimate the prevalence and development of alcohol‐related sexual harassment (ASH) across industries over the years 2015 to 2021, including potential changes from 2017, and assess differences in the risk of ASH according to industry‐ and individual‐level characteristics.MethodsBased on annual surveys (2015–2021) among employees in 21 Norwegian industries (observations N = 11,512, individuals N = 6353). Age range 20–69 years, 48% women. Associations between ASH and industry‐ and individual‐level demographics, work autonomy, work‐related drinking and intoxication were estimated in linear probability modelsResultsASH prevalence was 6% between 2015 and 2021 and varied between 4% and 13% across industries. Men showed a gradual increase in ASH from 2015 to 2021. The was no significant trend among women or a change after #MeToo. Industries with older employees, more women and frequent intoxication at work‐related occasions had more ASH, while those with more highly educated employees had less. At the individual level, frequent work‐related drinking occasions, tendency to get intoxicated at these occasions, being a woman and younger age were associated with more ASH. We found no individual‐ or industry‐level association between work autonomy and ASH.Discussion and ConclusionsAnnually, 6% of Norwegian employees experience alcohol‐related sexual harassment in work‐related settings. The risk of ASH is higher among employees who are young, female, frequently drink and drink to intoxication at work‐related events, and that work in industries with older employees, more women, less formal education and frequent intoxication.