bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multilayer omics reveals the molecular mechanism of early infection of Clonorchis sinensis juvenile
Authors: Wu Yuhong , Deng Xueling , Wu Zhanshuai , Liu Dengyu , Fu Xiaoyin , Tang Lili , He Shanshan , Lv Jiahui , Wang Jilong , Li Qing , Zhan Tingzheng , Tang Zeli 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Clonorchiasis remains a non-negligible global zoonosis, causing serious socioeconomic burdens in endemic areas. Clonorchis sinensis infection typically elicits Th1/Th2 mixed immune responses during the course of biliary injury and periductal fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanism by which C. sinensis juvenile initially infects the host remains poorly understood.

Methods
The BALB/c mouse model was established to study early infection (within 7 days) with C. sinensis juveniles. Liver pathology staining and observation as well as determination of biochemical enzymes, blood routine and cytokines in blood were conducted. Furthermore, analysis of liver transcriptome, proteome and metabolome changes was performed using multi-omics techniques. Statistical analyses were performed using Student's t-test.

Results
Histopathological analysis revealed that liver injury, characterized by collagen deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration, occurred as early as 24 h of infection. Blood indicators including ALT, AST, WBC, CRP and IL-6 indicated that both liver injury and systemic inflammation worsened as the infection progressed. Proteomic data showed that apoptosis and junction-related pathways were enriched within 3 days of infection, indicating the occurrence of liver injury. Furthermore, proteomic and transcriptomic analysis jointly verified that the detoxification and antioxidant defense system was activated by enrichment of glutathione metabolism and cytochrome P450-related pathways in response to acute liver injury. Proteomic-based GO analysis demonstrated that biological processes such as cell deformation, proliferation, migration and wound healing occurred in the liver during the early infection. Correspondingly, transcriptomic results showed significant enrichment of cell cycle pathway on day 3 and 7. In addition, the KEGG analysis of multi-omics data demonstrated that numerous pathways related to immunity, inflammation, tumorigenesis and metabolism were enriched in the liver. Besides, metabolomic screening identified several metabolites that could promote inflammation and hepatobiliary periductal fibrosis, such as CA7S.

Conclusions
This study revealed that acute inflammatory injury was rapidly triggered by initial infection by C. sinensis juveniles in the host, accompanied by the enrichment of detoxification, inflammation, fibrosis, tumor and metabolism-related pathways in the liver, which provides a new perspective for the early intervention and therapy of clonorchiasis.

Graphical Abstract
Effect of guselkumab on serum biomarkers in patients with active psoriatic arthritis and inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors: results from the COSMOS phase 3b study
Authors: Schett Georg , Chen Warner , Gao Sheng , Chakravarty Soumya D. , Shawi May , Lavie Frederic , Zimmermann Miriam , Sharaf Mohamed , Coates Laura C. , Siebert Stefan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Guselkumab is a selective interleukin (IL)-23 inhibitor targeting the IL-23p19 subunit. In the phase 3b COSMOS trial, guselkumab demonstrated efficacy in treating participants with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and inadequate response (IR; lack of efficacy or intolerance) to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi).

Methods
Adults with active PsA (≥ 3 swollen joints,  ≥ 3 tender joints) and IR to one or two TNFi (TNFi-IR) were randomized 2:1 to guselkumab at Weeks 0, 4, then every 8 weeks (Q8W) or placebo➔guselkumab Q8W at Week 24 with possible early escape at Week 16. Levels of serum cytokines, including interferon γ (IFNγ), IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα); T helper 17 (Th17) effector cytokines IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22; and acute phase proteins C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and serum amyloid A (SAA), were assessed and compared with demographically matched healthy controls; guselkumab pharmacodynamics through Week 24 were also assessed. Associations between baseline biomarker levels and 1) baseline disease activity (28-joint disease activity score using CRP [DAS28-CRP], psoriasis area and severity index [PASI], and % body surface area [BSA] affected by psoriasis) and 2) clinical response (including  ≥ 20% improvement in American College of Rheumatology criteria [ACR20] response) at Week 24 were assessed.

Results
Baseline serum levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, TNFα, and IFNγ were significantly higher in COSMOS TNFi-IR participants than in healthy controls. Baseline IL-6, CRP, and SAA levels were associated with baseline DAS28-CRP. IL-17A and IL-17F levels were associated with baseline PASI score and psoriasis BSA. Baseline swollen or tender joint counts did not associate with baseline biomarker levels. At Week 24, significant decreases from baseline in CRP, SAA, IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22 levels were seen in guselkumab-, but not placebo-, treated participants. IL-17F and IL-22 levels at Week 24 in guselkumab-treated participants did not significantly differ from those of healthy controls. Guselkumab-treated participants achieving ACR20 response at Week 24 exhibited higher baseline IL-22 and IFNγ levels versus nonresponders.

Conclusions
Results from COSMOS participants with active, TNFi-IR PsA suggest guselkumab reduces levels of effector cytokines associated with the IL-23/IL-17 pathway, including those associated with baseline arthritis and skin disease activity.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03796858.
Analysis of inter-joint coordination during the sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit tasks in stroke patients with hemiplegia
Authors: He Jian , Liu Dongwei , Hou Meijin , Luo Anhua , Wang Shuhao , Ma Ye 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundInter-joint coordination is an important factor affecting postural stability, and its variability increases after fatigue. This study aimed to investigate the coordination pattern of lower limb joints during the sit-to-stand (Si-St) and stand-to-sit (St-Si) tasks in stroke patients and explore the influence of duration on inter-joint coordination.MethodsThirteen stroke hemiplegia patients (five with left paretic and eight right paretic) and thirteen age-matched healthy subjects were recruited. The Si-St and St-Si tasks were performed while each subject’s joint kinematics were recorded using a three-dimensional motion capture system. Sagittal joint angles of the bilateral hip, knee and ankle joints as well as the movement duration were extracted. The angle-angle diagrams for the hip-knee, hip-ankle and knee-ankle joint were plotted to assess the inter-joint coordination. The inter-joint coordination was quantified using geometric characteristics of the angle-angle diagrams, including perimeter, area and dimensionless ratio. The coefficient of variation (CV) was performed to compare variability of the coordination parameters.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the perimeter, area and dimensionless ratio values of the bilateral hip-knee, hip-ankle and knee-ankle inter-joints during Si-St and St-Si tasks in the stroke group. The perimeter values of bilateral hip-knee and knee-ankle inter-joints in the stroke group were lower (P<0.05) than in the healthy group during Si-St and St-Si tasks. Although no significant bilateral differences were found, the inter-joint coordination in stroke patients decreased with the increased movement duration of both Si-St and St-Si tasks. Additionally, the CV of the hip-knee inter-joint area during the Si-St task in the stroke group was less than (P<0.05) that in the healthy group.ConclusionStroke patients exhibit different inter-joint coordination patterns than healthy controls during the Si-St and St-Si tasks. The duration affects joint coordination, and inter-joint coordination is limited on the hemiplegic side joint pairs, which may lead to inconsistency in the rhythm of the left and right leg inter-joint movements and increase the risk of falls. These findings provide new insights into motor control rehabilitation strategies and may help planning targeted interventions for stoke patients with hemiplegia.
Polyagglutinability phenomenon: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Azzi Noussaiba , Trougouty Nabiha , seddik Rachid 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Polyagglutinability of red blood cells is a rare immunological phenomenon, it is due to a cryptic antigen that is abnormally present on the surface of red blood cells. The aim of our work is to shed light on polyagglutinability, which is still poorly understood cause of discordance between the cell and serum tests and can sometimes have harmful transfusion consequences.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 70-year-old African patient admitted for management of hemolytic anemia.

Results
During the erythrocyte grouping, a discordance between the cell and serum tests was observed, with polyagglutinability for the RH phenotype, a positive AB control, and even a positive control. The direct antiglobulin test and the Coombs test were also positive. The same results were obtained even after washing the red blood cells and incubating them at 37 °C for 30 min. For transfusion purposes, erythrocyte genotyping was performed, and the patient was transfused with an A+ red blood cell unit with an RH Kell-compatible phenotype.

Conclusion
Polyagglutinability should always be taken into account when grouping anomalies are encountered. Although it may not show any symptoms, hemolysis is frequently observed during transfusions.
New results for the upper bounds of the distance between adjacent zeros of first-order differential equations with several variable delays
Authors: Attia Emad R. , El-Matary Bassant M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe distance between consecutive zeros of a first-order differential equation with several variable delays is studied. Here, we show that the distribution of zeros of differential equations with variable delays is not an easy extension of the case of constant delays. We obtain new upper bounds for the distance between zeros of all solutions of a differential equation with several delays, which extend and improve some existing results. Two illustrative examples are given to show the advantages of the proposed results over the known ones.
Bifurcation mechanism and hybrid control strategy of a finance model with delays
Authors: Liu Zixin , Li Wenfang , Xu Changjin , Liu Chunfeng , Mu Dan , Xu Mengzhu , Ou Wei , Cui Qingyi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEstablishing financial models or economic models to describe economic phenomena in real life has become a heated discussion in society at present. From a mathematical point of view, the exploration on dynamics of financial models or economic models is a valuable work. In this study, we build a new delayed finance model and explore the dynamical behavior containing existence and uniqueness, boundedness of solution, Hopf bifurcation, and Hopf bifurcation control of the considered delayed finance model. By virtue of fixed point theorem, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the considered delayed finance model. Applying a suitable function, we obtain the boundedness of the solutions for the considered delayed finance model. Taking advantage of the stability criterion and bifurcation argument of delayed differential equation, we establish a delay-independent condition ensuring the stability and generation of Hopf bifurcation of the involved delayed finance model. Exploiting hybrid controller including state feedback and parameter perturbation, we efficaciously adjust the stability region and the time of occurrence of Hopf bifurcation of the involved delayed finance model. The study manifests that time delay is a fundamental parameter in controlling stability region and the time of onset of Hopf bifurcation of the involved delayed finance model. To examine the soundness of established key results, computer simulation figures are concretely displayed. The derived conclusions of this study are perfectly new and has momentous theoretical value in economical operation.
Stability regions of discrete linear periodic systems with delayed feedback controls
Authors: Shin Jong Son , Miyazaki Rinko , Kim Dohan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe propose a geometric method to determine the stability region of the zero solution of a linear periodic difference equation via the delayed feedback control (briefly, DFC) with the commuting feedback gain. For the equation, our method is more effective than the Jury criterion. First, we give a relationship, named the C-map theorem, between the characteristic multipliers of an original equation and those of the equation via DFC. Next, we show the existence and m-starlike property, defined in this paper, of an m-closed curve induced from the C-map. Using this result, we prove that the region enclosed by the m-closed curve is the stability region of the zero solution of the equation via DFC.
Investigating and comparing the dimensions of worry of Iranian primiparous women in each trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Mirzaee Foruzan , Hasanpoor-Azghady Seyedeh Batool , Amiri-Farahani Leila 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy and childbirth are considered natural events in the life cycle of women. However, it is also a stressful experience along with physiological and psychological changes. Therefore, it is important to study the dimensions that cause more worry in each of the pregnant trimesters. This study aimed to determine and compare the dimensions of worry of Iranian primiparous women in each trimester of pregnancy.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 primiparous women (n = 100 in each trimester) referred to seven health centers affiliated with the Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The sampling was multistage. We collected data from a demographic and fertility questionnaire and the Cambridge Worry Scale (CWS).

Results
The mean score of worry during the entire pregnancy was 28.16. The mean and standard deviation of the worry score in the first trimester was (27.35 ± 12.22). The second trimester was (27.80 ± 12.53) and the third trimester was (29.34 ± 11.11). The highest mean score of worry in the first and third trimmers was the dimension of own health. The second trimester was the dimension of socio-medical. The lowest mean score of worry in all trimmers was the dimension of relationships. Among CWS-related items, the highest mean score of worry in the first trimester was giving birth (3.34) and the possibility of miscarriage (3.22). In the second trimester was the possibility of going into labour too early (3.3) and the possibility of miscarriage (3.12), and in the third trimester was the possibility of going into labour too early (3.33) and giving birth (3.27). The lowest mean score of worry in all three trimesters was related to problems with the law.

Conclusion
pregnancy worry in the third trimester was more than the other two trimesters, and worrying about own health was the most important dimension of worry for pregnant women. Paying attention to the dimensions of worry of pregnant women helps design appropriate interventions to increase the mental and physical health of pregnant women.
The impact of a patient decision aid on treatment choices after anterior cruciate ligament injuries
Authors: Mainz Hanne , Frandsen Lone , Fauno Peter , Lomborg Kirsten , Lind Martin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThe present study aimed to investigate whether exposure to a patient decision aid (PDA) had an impact on the proportion of patients selecting non‐surgical or surgical treatments after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and whether exposure to a PDA affected the proportion of patients switching from non‐surgical to surgical treatment within the first year.MethodsIn a consecutive case series, proportions of surgery and non‐surgery were compared before and after patients’ exposure to a PDA. Data were collected from the health records of patients with ACL injuries who presented to the Clinic of Sports Traumatology. To identify proportional differences between the two groups, t‐tests and proportion tests were used.ResultsIn total, 1,053 patients with ACL injuries were included: 563 patients with no exposure to the PDA (January 2015 to January 2017) and 490 patients with exposure to the PDA (January 2017 to January 2019). Before implementing the PDA, 27% of the patients selected non‐surgical treatment. After implementing the PDA, 30% choose non‐surgical treatment (p > 0.05). Before implementing the PDA, 21% of patients who initially chose non‐surgical treatment had surgery within the first year. After implementation of the PDA, this number fell to 16%, but the difference was not statistically significant (p > 0,05).ConclusionExposure to the PDA did not significantly alter the proportion of ACL injury patients selecting non‐surgical or surgical treatments or the proportion of patients switching to surgery within the first year.
A novel instrument for ligament balancing: a biomechanical study in human cadaveric knees
Authors: Engseth Lars H. W. , Grønsund Jørgen , Aunan Eirik , Brattgjerd Jan Egil , Schulz Anselm , Moatshe Gilbert , Röhrl Stephan M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeLigament balancing is a prerequisite for good function and survival in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Various balancing techniques exist, but none have shown superior results. The pie‐crusting technique by Bellemans of the medial collateral ligament is commonly utilized; however, it can be difficult to achieve repeatable ligament lengthening with this technique. Therefore, we invented a novel instrument to standardize the pie‐crusting technique of the superficial and deep medial collateral ligament (hereafter MCL). The purpose was to examine if pie‐crusting with the instrument could produce repeatable ligament lengthening.MethodsThe MCL was isolated in 16 human cadaveric knees, and subjected to axial tension. The instrument was composed of a specific grid of holes in rows, used to guide sequential pie‐crusting puncturing of the MCL with a Ø1.6 mm end‐cutting cannula. Ligament lengthening was measured after each row of punctures. Regression analysis was performed on the results.ResultsMean lengthening ± SD in human cadaveric MCL for puncturing of row 1 in the instrument was 0.06 ± 0.09 mm, 0.06 ± 0.04 mm for row 2, 0.09 ± 0.08 mm for row 3, 0.06 ± 0.05 mm for row 4 and 0.06 ± 0.04 mm for row 5, giving a mean total lengthening of 0.33 ± 0.20 mm. Linear regression revealed that MCLs were repeatably lengthened by 0.07 mm per row when punctured using the instrument.ConclusionsMCLs showed linear lengthening in human cadavers for subsequent use of the instrument. Our instrument shows promising results for repeatable ligament lengthening.
The Blossom Gang: co-producing research on FGM with second-generation young people in the UK
Authors: Ali Saadye 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a practice that involves the removal of external female genitalia and is widely known as a violation of human rights. The custom is illegal in the United Kingdom (UK) and carries a sentence of up to 14 years in prison. This prohibition, along with the secretive nature of the practice, has led to limited research on the awareness of FGM on young people in the UK. Little is known about the process of involving young people in research about the topic.

Methods
This paper is based on the findings of a Ph.D. project that used a community-based participatory research approach (CBPR). The research took a two-stage approach: stage one aimed to recruit nine young people aged 15–18, from the Southwest of England, who attended a 10-day training workshop to prepare them for stage two—data collection with young people aged 13–15. This paper focuses on the 10-day creative, collaborative workshops. The data collected from the collaborative workshops were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Undertaking CBPR enhanced the quality and relevance of this research. Engaging young people as co-researchers was vital for the success of this project. By developing a collaborative learning environment, young people were able to build trusting relationships which flourished beyond the research project. In addition, the creative workshops enabled peer learning about FGM and inspired young people to learn new skills that was useful in their daily lives.

Conclusion
The collaborative environment created in this project enabled an insightful learning experience for young people and researchers alike. Participants and facilitators formed relationships; participants learned new marketable skills and researchers gained new insights about FGM, from a young person’s perspective.
Dual contraceptive use and associated factors among female sex workers in Gulu City, Uganda in 2023
Authors: Bongomin Felix , Pebolo Pebalo Francis , Kibone Winnie , Apio Pamela Okwir , Nsenga Lauryn , Okot Jerom , Madraa Grace , Laker Fiona Gladys , Akello Martha , Ouma Simple , Musoke David 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Dual contraception is an essential approach to mitigating the heightened risks of unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections faced by female sex workers (FSWs). We determined the prevalence and factors associated with dual contraceptive use among FSWs in Northern Uganda.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Gulu city, Uganda between February, and March 2023. Purposively selected FSWs aged 18 years or older who provided verbal informed consent were enrolled in the study. A sample size of 374 was estimated. Data on sociodemographic and reproductive health characteristics were collected using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Current dual contraception was defined the as concurrent use of a barrier and any other modern contraceptive methods within the last 3 months. Continuous variables were summarized using mean and standard deviation and categorical variables were summarized using frequencies and percentages. Modified Poisson regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with dual contraceptive use.

Results
We enrolled 314 FSWs, with a mean age of 28.8 ± 6.4 years. About 13.8% (n = 41) were living with HIV. In total, 66.2% (95%CI 60.8–71.3) of the participants (n = 208) reported current dual contraceptive use. The most common modern contraceptive method used was the implants (52.4%, n = 109), followed by injectable contraceptives (22.6.0%, n = 47), and bilateral tubal ligation (0.5%, n = 1) was the least utilized. Having had at least one previous pregnancy was positively associated with dual contraceptive use (adjusted PR: 1.87, 95%CI 1.40–2.51, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
A high proportion of FSWs in Gulu city were currently using dual contraceptives. Interventions are needed to facilitate the use of dual contraception, particularly among FSWs without a history of previous pregnancies.