bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Des Moines Water Works: Collaborating to Restore and Protect Source Water
Authors: Corrigan Ted , Terry Jennifer 
Published: March 2023

Key TakeawaysDes Moines Water Works’ (DMWW's) source water faces significant water quality challenges from decades of agricultural nutrient pollution in Iowa.Lackluster results in regulating nutrient pollution, along with population growth and effects of climate change, add urgency to DMWW's drive to improve source water quality.To protect its source water, DMWW has collaborated with groups outside of its typical scope, building relationships with those who have the same values and vision.
The Future of Reverse Osmosis Optimization, Part 2: Advanced Forensics
Authors: Alspach Brent , Abada Bilal , Chellam Shankar 
Published: March 2023

Key TakeawaysThe expanding use of reverse osmosis (RO) in water treatment beyond desalination is benefiting from improved methods and technologies.Conventional RO membrane autopsies are conducted to identify causes of membrane fouling, assess membrane condition, and determine ways to address challenges.Advanced membrane forensics aid in broadening RO applications, ensure system effectiveness, and can result in cost savings by extending membrane element life.
Intercalation Reaction of Molybdenum Trioxide Cathode for Rechargeable Ion Batteries
Authors: Sheng Dawei , Liu Xiaoxu , Zhang Qiang , Yi Haozhe , Wang Xuanzhang , Fu Shufang , Zhou Sheng , Shen Jiaguo , Gao Ang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBased on the intercalation reaction, molybdenum trioxide has become an attractive cathode material for rechargeable ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity and layered structure. This review summarizes the recent research progress of molybdenum trioxide‐based cathode in non‐aqueous lithium, magnesium, calcium‐ion batteries, aqueous zinc, hydrogen, and aluminum‐ion batteries, focusing on the energy storage mechanism, existing problems, and optimization strategies in rechargeable ion batteries. Finally, the perspectives about challenges and future further development directions of molybdenum trioxide cathode in electrochemical energy storage are proposed. This review will comprehensively summarize molybdenum trioxide as a cathode in rechargeable ion batteries and clarify its practical application prospects for sustainable development.
Mechanisms of cancer cell death induction by triptolide
Authors: AbdulHussein Ali Hamid , Al‐Taee Muataz Mohammed , Radih Zahra Abdul , Aljuboory Dhuha Salman , Mohammed Zainab Qasim , Hashesh Tabarak Sami , Riadi Yassine , Hadrawi Salema K. , Najafi Masoud 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDrug resistance is a hot topic issue in cancer research and therapy. Although cancer therapy including radiotherapy and anti‐cancer drugs can kill malignant cells within the tumor, cancer cells can develop a wide range of mechanisms to resist the toxic effects of anti‐cancer agents. Cancer cells may provide some mechanisms to resist oxidative stress and escape from apoptosis and attack by the immune system. Furthermore, cancer cells may resist senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and autophagic cell death by modulating several critical genes. The development of these mechanisms leads to resistance to anti‐cancer drugs and also radiotherapy. Resistance to therapy can increase mortality and reduce survival following cancer therapy. Thus, overcoming mechanisms of resistance to cell death in malignant cells can facilitate tumor elimination and increase the efficiency of anti‐cancer therapy. Natural‐derived molecules are intriguing agents that may be suggested to be used as an adjuvant in combination with other anticancer drugs or radiotherapy to sensitize cancer cells to therapy with at least side effects. This paper aims to review the potential of triptolide for inducing various types of cell death in cancer cells. We review the induction or resistance to different cell death mechanisms such as apoptosis, autophagic cell death, senescence, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necrosis following the administration of triptolide. We also review the safety and future perspectives for triptolide and its derivatives in experimental and human studies. The anticancer potential of triptolide and its derivatives may make them effective adjuvants for enhancing tumor suppression in combination with anticancer therapy.
Advances and prospects of drug clinical research in colorectal cancer in 2022
Authors: Su Dan , Liu Chao , Cui Jie , Tang Jiebing , Ruan Yuli , Zhang Yanqiao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Clinical research results have provided more treatment opportunities for CRC patients, showing that an optimal combination of existing drugs and new drugs is needed to mitigate the burden of this disease. In this review, we have summarized recent advances in drug clinical research for CRC in 2022, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, to find opportunities for substantial improvements in drug discovery and clinical development methods.
Characterization and treatment of thoracic duct obstruction in patients with lymphatic flow disorders
Authors: Srinivasan Abhay , Smith Chris , Krishnamurthy Ganesh , Escobar Fernando , Biko David , Dori Yoav 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeThe contribution of thoracic duct obstruction to lymphatic flow disorders has not been well‐characterized. We describe imaging findings, interventions, and outcomes in patients with suspected duct obstruction by imaging or a lympho‐venous pressure gradient (LVPG).Materials and MethodsClinical, imaging, and interventional data, including the LVPG, of patients with flow disorders and imaging features of duct obstruction who underwent lymphatic intervention were retrospectively reviewed, collated, and analyzed with descriptive statistics.ResultsEleven patients were found to have obstruction, median age 10.4 years (interquartile range: 8–14.9 years). Pleural effusions were seen in 8/11 (72%), ascites in 8/11 (72%), both in 5/11 (45%), and protein‐losing enteropathy in 5 (45%). Eight patients (72%) had congenital heart disease. The most common site of obstruction was at the duct outlet in 7/11 patients (64%). Obstruction was secondary to extrinsic compression or ligation 4 patients (36%). Nine patients (82%) underwent interventions, with balloon dilation in 7/9 (78%), massive lymphatic malformation drainage and sclerotherapy in 1, and lympho‐venous anastomosis in 1. There was resolution of symptoms in 7/9 (78% who underwent intervention, with worsening in 1 patient and no change in 1. In these patients, preprocedure mean LVPG was 7.9 ± 5.7 mmHg and postprocedure gradient was 1.6 ± 1.9 mmHg (p = 0.014). Five patients in this series underwent intervention solely to alleviate duct obstruction and in 4/5 (80%) this led to resolution of symptoms (p = 0.05).ConclusionDuct obstruction may be seen in lymphatic flow disorders and can occur from intrinsic and extrinsic causes. Stenosis at the outlet was most common. Obstruction can be demonstrated by an elevated LVPG, and interventions to alleviate the obstruction can be beneficial.
Light‐Triggered Reversible Open‐Close Motion of a Chiral Molecular Plier to Modulate Guest Binding
Authors: Sahoo Diptiprava , Majeed Muhsin Abdul , Lathwal Aarti , De Soumen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA chiral molecular plier's design, synthesis, characterisation and operations are presented. The molecular plier encompasses three units: a BINOL unit which acts as a pivot as well as a chiral inducer, an azobenzene unit, which acts as a photo‐switchable component and two zinc porphyrin, acting as a reporter. E to Z isomerisation persuaded by irradiating with 370 nm light alters the dihedral angle of the pivot BINOL unit, which adjusts the distance between two porphyrin units. The plier can be switched to its initial state by exposure to 456 nm light or heating at 50 °C. NMR, CD and molecular modelling supported the reversible switching and change in dihedral angle and distance between reporter moiety, which was further exploited for binding with several ditopic guests. The longest guest was found to form the strongest complex, R,R‐isomer formed a stronger complex than S,S‐isomer, Z‐isomer of the plier formed stronger complex than the E‐isomer with the guest. Moreover, complexation also increased the E‐to‐Z switching efficiency and decreased the thermal back isomerisation of the azobenzene unit.
Wide‐Temperature Flexible Supercapacitor from an Organohydrogel Electrolyte and Its Combined Electrode
Authors: Qian Yuzhen , Yu Yang , Wu Wenna , Fan Qi , Chai Chunxiao , Hao Jingcheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHydrogel‐based flexible supercapacitors possess the merits of highly ionic conductivity and superior power density, but the existence of water limits their application in extreme temperature scenarios. Noticeably, it is a challenge for people to design more extremely temperature adaptable systems for flexible supercapacitors based on hydrogels with a wide temperature region. In this work, a wide‐temperature flexible supercapacitor that can operate at −20–80 °C was fabricated by an organohydrogel electrolyte and its combined electrode (also known as an electrode/electrolyte composite). Upon introducing highly hydratable LiCl into an ethylene glycol (EG)/H2O binary solvent, owing to the ionic hydration effect of LiCl and the hydrogen bond interaction between EG and H2O molecules, the organohydrogel electrolyte exhibits satisfactory resistance to freezing (freezing point of −113.9 °C), anti‐drying capability (78.2 % of weight retention after vacuum drying at 60 °C for 12 h) and excellent ionic conductivity both at room temperature (13.9 mS cm−1) and low temperature (6.5 mS cm−1 after 31 days at −20 °C). By using organohydrogel electrolyte as binder, the prepared electrode/electrolyte composite effectively reduces interface impedance and enhances specific capacitance due to the uninterrupted ion transport channels and extended interface contact area. The assembled supercapacitor delivers a specific capacitance of 149 F g−1, a power density of 160 W kg−1, and an energy density of 13.24 Wh kg−1 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1. The initial 100 % capacitance can be maintained after 2000 cycles at 1.0 A g−1. More importantly, the specific capacitances can be well maintained even at −20 and 80 °C. With other advantages such as excellent mechanical property, the supercapacitor is an ideal power source suitable for various working conditions.
The Adsorptive Separation of Ethylene from C2Hydrocarbons by Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Xie Wenpeng , Yang Lingzhi , Zhang Jun , Zhao Xuebo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeparating ethylene (C2H4) from the C2hydrocarbons is of prime industrial importance for the process of high‐purity C2H4as an essential raw material in the petrochemical industry. Due to their similar physicochemical properties, the separation of C2H4from the C2hydrocarbons typically entails high‐energy separation technologies such as cryogenic distillation and extraction. Alternatively, adsorption separation using metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are low‐energy separation technologies that manufacture high‐purity gas under mild conditions. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in MOFs for the separation and purification of C2H4from the C2hydrocarbons. The mechanisms underlying separating C2H4from the C2hydrocarbons using MOFs are also highlighted. This review also discussed the major challenges and developments of MOFs to separate C2H4from the C2hydrocarbons.
Highly Chemoselective Synthesis of Indole Derivatives
Authors: Wang Yu , Zhang Rui , Li Jiacheng , Rao Chitturi Bhujanga , Ye Xuebei , Dong Dewen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA facile and efficient synthesis of polysubstituted indoles fromα‐arylamino‐β‐hydroxy‐2‐enamides,α‐arylamino‐β‐oxo‐amides, or their tautomeric mixture via electrophilic activation strategy is described. The salient feature of this methodology is the use of either combined Hendrickson reagent and triflic anhydride (Tf2O) or triflic acid (TfOH) to control the chemoselectivity in the intramolecular cyclodehydration to provide a predictable approach to these valuable indoles with flexible substituent patterns. Moreover, the mild reaction conditions, simple execution, high chemoselectivity, excellent yields, and wide range of synthetic potential of products make this protocol much attractive for academic research and practical applications.
Extraction Technologies at ACHEMA 2022
Authors: Palmtag Andreas , Schröder Christian , Zhai Song , Jupke Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAt the ACHEMA 2022, extraction technology was well represented by exhibitors from industry and academia. While industrial exhibitors focused primarily on incremental improvements of existing technologies such as optimized internals, academic exhibitors presented innovative extractive processes and state‐of‐the‐art technologies including machine learning. Some selected innovations and developments are briefly described in this contribution.
Organic Molecules‐Assisted Engineering of Ultrafine Iridium Nanoclusters with In‐Situ N,O‐Coordination for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Gao Chen , Wang Weiwen , Mu Shengdong , Zhu Huang , Yang Xing , Yang Chengdong , Cao Sujiao , Li Shuang , Wang Yinghan , Cheng Chong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIridium (Ir)‐based catalysts are displaying increasingly vital roles in the production of hydrogen that represents one kind of ideally clean and renewable energy substituting fossil fuels. Although great efforts have been devoted in recent years, the fabrication of Ir catalysts with adequate mass/atomic activity and stability is still a long‐term goal, impeded by the aggregation of the active site and the adverse reconstruction under working conditions. To overcome these obstacles, we report an organic molecular‐assisted synthetic method for ultrafine iridium nanoclusters to synthesize with in situ heteroatoms coordination (N, O, S, both N, and O) for efficient hydrogen evolution catalysis. The optimized Ir−N−O exhibits the turnover frequency (TOF) @25 mV of 7.64 s−1 and mass activity of 5.30 A mg−1, approximately 12 times higher than those of Ir/C. Moreover, a 16‐fold enhancement compared with Ir−PC (without any heteroatom) both in TOF and mass activity can be achieved from Ir−N−O. Experimental results indicate that the ultrafine particle size and manipulated electronic state that results from N and O co‐doping are beneficial to the prominent HER performance and enhanced kinetics.
A machine learning low‐dropout regulator‐assisted differential power analysis attack countermeasure with voltage scaling
Authors: Cheng Jiafeng , Liu Wenrui , Sun Nengyuan , Peng Zhaokang , Sun Caiban , Wang Chunyang , Bi Yijian , Wen Yiming , Zhang Hongliu , Zhang Pengcheng , Yu Weize 
Published: March 2023

SummaryFalse key‐controlled aggressive voltage scaling (FKCAVS) technique is a lightweight and effective leakage power analysis (LPA) attack countermeasure. However, the regular FKCAVS technique may not be utilized as a countermeasure against differential power analysis (DPA) attacks unconditionally. The primary reason is that the working frequency of DPA attacks is significantly higher than the corresponding frequency of LPA attacks. Thus, it is difficult to make the speed of voltage scaling keep pace with the speed of DPA attacks by employing the regular FKCAVS technique. In this paper, a fast FKCAVS technique is proposed to maximize the security of a cryptographic circuit (CC) against DPA attacks while minimizing the corresponding overhead by embedding a machine learning low‐dropout (LDO) regulator (MLLR). As shown in the result, by deploying the proposed FKCAVS technique, the measurement‐to‐disclose (MTD) value against DPA attacks is maintained over 1 million with less than 17.4% power/area overhead.
Selective carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibitors based around a functionalized coumarin scaffold
Authors: Huwaimel Bader I. , Jonnalagadda Sravan K. , Jonnalagadda Shirisha , Kumari Shikha , Nocentini Alessio , Supuran Claudiu T. , Trippier Paul C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInhibition of specific carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzymes is a validated strategy for the development of agents to target cancer. The CA isoforms IX and XII are overexpressed in various human solid tumors wherein they play a critical role in regulating extracellular tumor acidification, proliferation, and progression. A series of novel sulfonamides based on the coumarin scaffold were designed, synthesized and characterized as potent and selective CA inhibitors. Selected compounds show significant activity and selectivity over CA I and CA II to target the tumor‐associated CA IX and CA XII with high inhibition activity at the single digit nanomolar level. Twelve compounds were identified to be more potent compared with acetazolamide (AAZ) control to inhibit CA IX while one was also more potent than AAZ to inhibit CA XII. Compound 18f (Ki's = 955 nM, 515 nM, 21 nM and 5 nM for CA's I, II, IX, and XII, respectively) is highlighted as a novel CA IX and XII inhibitor for further development.
Size‐based changes in trophic ecology and nutritional quality of moon jellyfish (Aurelia labiata)
Authors: Schaub Jessica , McLaskey Anna K. , Forster Ian , Hunt Brian P. V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite their seemingly watery constitution, jellyfish are eaten by a diverse range of predators. However, while the role of jellyfish in marine food webs is gaining attention, the nutritional value of these gelatinous organisms and how it varies remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to connect jellyfish food web biology and nutrition by determining the relationship between jellyfish size, diet, and nutritional quality. We measured stable isotope (SI) and fatty acid (FA) profiles of particulate organic matter (POM), plankton size classes, and gelatinous zooplankton collected from a coastal site in British Columbia, Canada, in July and September 2019. Gelatinous zooplankton comprised 152 Aurelia labiata collected across both months (bell diameters = 19–225 mm), and 2 Aequorea victoria and approximately 30 Pleurobrachia bachei collected in July for comparison. According to FA trophic markers and chlorophyll a concentrations, the POM was a mix of phytoplankton, microzooplankton, bacteria, and detritus. According to δ15N, POM was ~1 trophic level lower than plankton. All gelatinous zooplankton had low FA content (5–6 μg/mg dry mass) compared with zooplankton (43–65 μg/mg dry mass). A Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR) was used to assess the contributions of POM and plankton to A. labiata diet, which demonstrated a size‐based shift from 40% plankton at 19 mm to 70%–75% at 225 mm. Similarly, both δ13C and δ15N increased with size and A. labiata of 19 mm were ~1 trophic level lower than A. labiata of 225 mm. We also documented size‐based changes in nutritional quality of A. labiata, where C:N decreased with A. labiata size, and essential FAs arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) increased with size while eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) did not change. A. labiata were elevated in ARA compared with other zooplankton, ranging from 1% to 9%. The changes in C:N and DHA of A. labiata with size mirrored the changes in their diet, but changes in ARA and EPA did not. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of considering jellyfish size and taxonomy when evaluating nutritional pathways through jellyfish in marine food webs, and support that diet is one important driver of jellyfish biochemical composition.
Copper and Nickel Complexes of Oxamate−Phenol Containing Ligands: A Structural Dichotomy in Oxidized Species
Authors: Wang Guanqi , Moreau Yohann , Berthiol Florian , Philouze Christian , Jarjayes Olivier , Thomas Fabrice 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe copper and nickel complexes of two tetradentate ligands derived from bis(aminophenol) and bis(phenol) architectures connected by an oxamate linker were isolated. Depending on the metal and ligand, the complex is isolated with either an intact (deprotonated) ligand (12−), one‐electron oxidized ligand (2−) or quinone form (3). Surprisingly, the Mannich base is easier to oxidize than the amidophenol derivatives. The complexes were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, UV‐Vis‐NIR and EPR spectroscopies. Complex 1 shows two reversible oxidation waves assigned to the successive iminosemiquinone/aminophenolate redox systems. Complex 2− shows an intense NIR feature, as well as an EPR signal at giso=2.043, consistent with a metallic contribution to the main ligand radical SOMO. Complex 3 shows the typical feature of an isolated Cu(II) complex. Spectro‐electrochemistry coupled to DFT calculations demonstrate a ligand‐centered oxidative redox chemistry for all the complexes.
Visible Light Promoted Iron‐Catalyzed One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Arylimino‐2H‐Chromenes from 2‐Hydroxybenzyl Alcohols and β‐ Ketothioamides at Room Temperature
Authors: Waheed Mohd , Alsharif Meshari A. , Issa Alahmdi Mohammed , Mukhtar Sayeed , Parveen Humaira 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn efficient, environmentally benign and one‐pot approach for the synthesis of 2‐arylimino‐2H‐chromenes from 2‐hydroxybenzyl alcohols and β‐ketothioamides at room temperature under visible light has been developed. The reported reaction conditions were favorable for a wide range of β‐ketothioamides afforded good to excellent yields of the respective products. The low cost and air stable Knölker iron catalyst has been employed for the dehydrogenation of 2‐hydroxybenzyl alcohols under photolysis that would usually require a higher temperature.
Demand side management and size optimization for an integrated renewable energy system considering deferrable loads
Authors: Sharma Akanksha , Singh H.P. , Viral Rajkumar , Anwer Naqui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the emergence of various technologies in renewable energy sources (RESs), consumers nowadays have led to multiple techniques for integrating various resources. An optimum energy flow management delivers an effective, reliable integrated renewable energy system (IRES) with higher efficiency. In this paper, an optimum model for the IRES is designed through the optimal sizing of system components for an estimated demand. Using integer linear programming, an energy management scheme has been developed based upon scheduling of energy utilization technique of deferrable loads. The considered approach is modeled to reduce the peak energy utilization (hourly) of the area of study through the consumption scheduling of machines. Furthermore, the MHP‐solar‐wind‐battery‐based IRES with energy Management strategy has been optimized in MATLAB. Size optimization of the system has been done without and with the energy management strategy using improved harmony search algorithm. The results show a significant improvement in the cost and savings using the strategy. Considering the 5% LPSP, the optimum size for the integrated system offers a total annualized cost of INR 3.21 million with a levelized cost of energy of 4.5 INR/kWh. The comparison of proposed method with PSO shows the better convergence rate of the system. Comparing systems with and without energy management, it has been noted that with a strategy, systems size and expenditures are reduced significantly.
A practical synthesis of 8‐methyldecanal
Authors: Dong Xinhao , Zheng Hua , Li Dan , Hu Qunzhi , Guo Peiyong , Liu Tiancheng , Gu Yun , Tan Yafei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract8‐methyldecanal is a characteristic ingredient of Australian finger lime (Citrus australasica), and has found important applications in flavour and fragrance industry. A novel and practical preparation method of 8‐methyldecanal is presented. Starting from cheap and readily available 6‐chloro‐1‐hexanol, 8‐methyldecanal was prepared in five steps with an overall yield of 50.7%.