bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the effect of Dapagliflozin and Pioglitazone on the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with Type-2 diabetes
Authors: SON Osman 
Published: July 2023

Objective: Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis, which increase with age, are two common diseases with different complications. The risk of fractures due to osteoporosis is 2 to 6 times higher in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Medications used in the treatment of DM in addition to the disease itself are associated with the risk of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. This study was planned to examine the effects of pioglitazone and dapagliflozin, used in the treatment of T2DM, on the development of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Methods: This single-centre comparative study was conducted at Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Polyclinic of a Hospital between April 15, 2019 and April 15, 2020, with a total of 80 postmenopausal female patients with a diagnosis of T2DM and 20 in the control group, aged between 50 and 70. The participants were evaluated under four groups: “Control” without diabetes mellitus (n=20), “Pioglitazone” using (n=30), “Dapagliflozin” using (n=30), and “Other Oral Antidiabetic” using (n=20).
Results: The mean age of the participants was 61.32±6.27 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the hip and waist T-score values of participants with T2DM in the study (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in waist and hip t-score values between the intervention groups. Pioglitazone and dapagliflozin used in postmenopausal T2DM patients were determined not to make a significant difference in waist and hip bone mineral density values.
Conclusion: Our study revealed that pioglitazone and dapagliflozin can be used in postmenopausal T2DM individuals without known osteoporosis and other osteoporosis risk factors.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7580
How to cite this: Son O. Comparison of the effect of Dapagliflozin and Pioglitazone on the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women with Type-2 diabetes. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.5.7580
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Game on: Can gamification enhance productivity?
Authors: Rahiman Habeeb Ur , Kodikal Rashmi , Suresh Sucharitha 
Published: July 2023

Background: Research suggests that gamification can increase work engagement by providing employees with a sense of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, and by creating a fun and engaging work environment. Gamification is designed to increase consumer and employee engagement and see that they holistically collaborate to achieve a shared vision. The concept of gamification is as old as learning itself, just that the use of the terminology “Gamification” is of a recent origin. Methods: This article focuses on the impact of gamification in various organizations and simultaneously sees its relationship with job engagement and productivity. A primary investigation was done to determine the nexus between the various variables and data collection from 400 respondents working in various fraternities of the economy from both public and private domains from countries in the Gulf region. The structural equation model and SPSS has been inferred to analyse the results. Results: The study results show that variable such as perceived adoption and usefulness in the gamified system is significantly associated with job engagement. Similarly, employee’s recognition and perceived motivation have a positive impact on productivity. The study identified job engagement mediating factor to enhance organisational productivity in a gamified system. Conclusion: The effectiveness of gamification in enhancing work engagement may depend on factors such as the design of the gamification system, the preferences and motivations of individual employees, and the organizational culture and goals. The findings have significant implications for insight into how employees in the service sector are aware of the gamified working environment and react to the system through work engagement and productivity.
Doação de leite materno e bancos de leite humano: análise documental dos livros didáticos de ciências
Authors: Silva Eliabi Pereira da , Fernandes Mucio Luiz Banja 
Published: July 2023

Com uma das maiores redes de Doação de Leite Materno e Bancos de Leite Humano do mundo, o país ainda apresenta estoques baixos, devido à falta de informação e conhecimento sobre sua existência. Diante disto, torna-se relevante um olhar crítico de como vem sendo abordada a temática sobre Doação de Leite Materno e Bancos de Leite Humano nos livros didáticos de Ciências. A pesquisa é de cunho qualitativo, do tipo documental, usando como ferramenta estratégica em sala de aula o livro didático, seguindo a perspectiva de Lüdke M e André M (2013). Os livros (Manual do Professor) foram selecionados a partir das coleções de Ciências disponibilizadas pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático PNLD 2020 — do Ensino Fundamental, cada coleção possui 4 quatro volumes (6.º ao 9.º ano), disponibilizada para análise e escolha dos professores da rede pública de ensino do país. Os critérios de análise basearam-se nos artigos de Schall (2010), França; Margonari; Schall, 2011 e Massara et al., 2016, estabelecidos após a realização de uma leitura preliminar das coleções, utilizando os seguintes critérios para avaliação: 1 — Conteúdo, 2 — Linguagem, 3 — Ilustrações e 4 — Atividades. As coleções pesquisadas não especificaram um capítulo sobre Doação de Leite Materno, apresentou linguagem clara e compreensível e algumas coleções apresentaram anúncios do Ministério da Saúde e não houve atividades ou campanhas sobre a doação de potes. A Doações Leite Materno é uma realidade, e não se pode admitir que no meio educacional sejam limitadas as informações, é fundamental que haja conhecimento para uma formação cidadã e participativa que proporcione mudanças de hábitos e atitudes.
A history of borderline: disorder at the heart of psychiatry
Authors: Jones David W. 
Published: July 2023

This article suggests that to appreciate some of the conundrums that surround ‘borderline personality disorder’ (BPD), we need to understand more about its history and the contexts and cultures in which it arose, consolidated and proliferated. Previous work on the development of personality disorder diagnoses (Jones, 2016) points to their emergence and shape being determined by the interaction of a multiplicity of forces including the needs of distressed individuals and communities; the manoeuvring of professional groups seeking to provide solutions to that distress and the cultural, public and media representations and responses to those problems and the proposed solutions.
This single article can only begin to outline some of the key issues and will focus on the emergence of the diagnosis within the discourses of psychiatry. As we will see in the case of BPD, like other, so-called, disorders of personality, there are connections to major social changes; in particular to some of the anxieties raised by urbanisation and industrialisation and later processes of deindustrialisation and their impacts on people’s lives and identities.
The article argues that significant roots of the diagnosis can be traced back to major fault lines in the discipline of psychiatry and unresolved questions about its own borders. Is psychiatry a branch of the medical profession or is it a cross-disciplinary endeavour that centres the mind as an object of study and treatment, which cannot merely be located in the individual but is instead immanently connected to the social and cultural world?
Characterization of vaccine confidence among teachers in British Columbia, Canada: A population-based survey
Authors: Racey C. Sarai , Donken Robine , Fox Ellie , Porter Imogen , Bettinger Julie A. , Mark Jennifer , Bonifacio Lizl , Dawar Meena , Gagel Mike , Kling Rakel , Mema Silvina , Mitchell Hana , Roe Ian , Ogilvie Gina , Sadarangani Manish 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
Teachers are an important occupational group to consider when addressing vaccine confidence and uptake for school-aged children due to their proximate role within school-based immunization programs. The objectives of this study were to characterize and identify sociodemographic factors associated with vaccine confidence and describe teachers’ knowledge of and perceived role in the school-based immunization program, with the aim of informing public health policy and identifying opportunities for supporting teachers in their role in school-based immunization programs.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey of elementary and secondary public-school teachers in British Columbia was completed from August to November 2020. Respondents provided sociodemographic information, as well as past vaccination experience, vaccine knowledge, and perceived role in the school-based immunization program. Vaccine confidence was measured using the Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (VHS). Characteristics associated with the VHS sub-scales ‘lack of confidence in vaccines’ and ‘perceived risk of vaccines’, were explored using ANOVA. Descriptive analysis was completed for teachers’ perceived role in the immunization program.

Results
5,095 surveys were included in this analysis. Overall vaccine confidence was high, with vaccine hesitancy being related to the perceived risk of vaccines rather than a lack of confidence in the effectiveness of vaccines. ANOVA found significant differences for both VHS-sub-scales based on sociodemographic factors, however, the strength of the association was generally small. High general vaccine knowledge and never having delayed or refused a vaccine in the past were associated with higher vaccine confidence. Overall, teachers reported a lack of clarity in their role within the school-based immunization program.

Conclusions
This large population-based observational study of teachers highlights a number of key engagement opportunities between public health and the education sector. Using a validated scale, we found that overall, teachers are highly accepting of vaccines, and well situated as potential partners with public health to address vaccine hesitancy.
Evaluating the role of MEN1 gene expression and its clinical significance in breast cancer patients
Authors: Massey Sheersh , Khan Mohammad Aasif , Rab Safia Obaidur , Mustafa Saad , Khan Asifa , Malik Zoya , Shaik Rahimunnisa , Verma Mohit Kumar , Deo SVS , Husain Syed Akhtar 
Published: July 2023

Background
Breast cancer is a multifactorial disease which involves number of molecular factors that are critically involved in proliferation of breast cancer cells. MEN1 gene that is traditionally known for its germline mutations in neuroendocrine tumors is associated with high risk of developing breast cancer in females with MEN1 syndrome. However, the paradoxical role of MEN1 is reported in sporadic breast cancer cases. The previous studies indicate the functional significance of MEN1 in regulating breast cells proliferation but its relevance in development and progression of breast cancer is still not known. Our study targets to find the role of MEN1 gene aberration and its clinical significance in breast cancer.

Methods
Breast tumor and adjacent normal tissue of 142 sporadic breast cancer patients were collected at the time of surgery. The expression analysis of MEN1 mRNA and protein was done through RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Further to find the genetic and epigenetic alterations, automated sequencing and MS-PCR was performed respectively. Correlation between our findings and clinical parameters was determined using appropriate statistical tests.

Results
MEN1 expression was found to be significantly increased in the breast tumor tissue with its predominant nuclear localization. The elevated expression of MEN1 mRNA (63.38% cases) and protein (60.56% cases) exhibited a significant association with ER status of the patients. Most of the cases had unmethylated (53.52%) MEN1 promoter region, which can be a key factor responsible for dysregulated expression of MEN1 in breast cancer cases. Our findings also revealed the significant association of MEN1 mRNA overexpression with Age and lymph node status of the patients.

Conclusion
Our results indicate upregulated expression of MEN1 in sporadic breast cancer patients and it could be critically associated with development and advancement of the disease.
Neonatal hyperoxia leads to white adipose tissue remodeling and susceptibility to hypercaloric diet
Authors: Deprez Alyson , Lukaszewski Marie‐Amélie , De Sousa Do Outeiro Coraline , Poletto Bonetto Jéssica H. , He Ying , Cloutier Anik , Ravizzoni Dartora Daniela , Monique Nuyt Anne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIndividuals born preterm are at higher risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in adulthood, through mechanisms not completely understood. White adipose tissue in humans and rodents is a dynamic endocrine organ and a critical player in the regulation of metabolic homeostasis. However, the impact of preterm birth on white adipose tissue remains unknown. Using a well‐established rodent model of preterm birth‐related conditions in which newborn rats are exposed during postnatal days 3–10 to 80% of oxygen, we evaluated the impact of transient neonatal hyperoxia on adult perirenal white adipose tissue (pWAT) and liver. We further assessed the effect of a second hit with a high‐fat high‐fructose hypercaloric diet (HFFD). We evaluated 4‐month‐old adult male rats after 2 months of HFFD. Neonatal hyperoxia led to pWAT fibrosis and macrophage infiltration without modification in body weight, pWAT weight, or adipocyte size. In animals exposed to neonatal hyperoxia vs. room air control, HFFD resulted in adipocyte hypertrophy, lipid accumulation in the liver, and increased circulating triglycerides. Overall, preterm birth‐related conditions had long‐lasting effects on the composition and morphology of pWAT, along with a higher susceptibility to the deleterious impact of a hypercaloric diet. These changes suggest a developmental pathway to long‐term metabolic risk factors observed clinically in adults born preterm through programming of white adipose tissue.
From “wet” matrices to “dry” blood spot sampling strategy: a versatile LC-MS/MS assay for simultaneous monitoring caffeine and its three primary metabolites in preterm infants
Authors: Dai Hao-Ran , Guo Hong-Li , Wang Wei-Jun , Shen Xian , Cheng Rui , Xu Jing , Hu Ya-Hui , Ding Xuan-Sheng , Chen Feng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To update traditional “wet” matrices to dried blood spot (DBS) sampling, based on the liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique, and develop a method for simultaneous analyzing caffeine and its three primary metabolites (theobromine, paraxanthine, and theophylline), supporting routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for preterm infants.

Methods
DBS samples were prepared by a two-step quantitative sampling method, i.e., volumetric sampling of a quantitative 10 μL volume of peripheral blood and an 8 mm diameter whole punch extraction by a methanol/water (80/20, v/v) mixture containing 125 mM formic acid. Four paired stable isotope labeled internal standards and a collision energy defect strategy were applied for the method optimization. The method was fully validated following international guidelines and industrial recommendations on DBS analysis. Cross validation with previously developed plasma method was also proceeded. The validated method was then implemented on the TDM for preterm infants.

Results
The two-step quantitative sampling strategy and a high recovery extraction method were developed and optimized. The method validation results were all within the acceptable criteria. Satisfactory parallelism, concordance, and correlation were observed between DBS and plasma concentrations of the four analytes. The method was applied to provide routine TDM services to 20 preterm infants.

Conclusions
A versatile LC-MS/MS platform for simultaneous monitoring caffeine and its three primary metabolites was developed, fully validated, and successfully applied into the routine clinical TDM practices. Sampling method switching from “wet” matrices to “dry” DBS will facilitate and support the precision dosing of caffeine for preterm infants.
Damping performance analysis of carbon black/lead magnesium niobite/epoxy resin composites
Authors: Chen Ming , Cheng Shuang , Wang Yanbing , Huang Zhixiong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Piezoelectric damping composites with excellent damping properties were prepared from carbon black (CB), lead magnesium niobate (PMN), epoxy resin, and polyether amine D-400. The

tan
δ

{\rm{\tan }}\delta

area (TA) analysis method is used to evaluate the leading factors of damping enhancement. This method clearly shows the influence of the maximum loss factor (

tan
δ

{\rm{\tan }}\delta

max) and effective damping temperature range on damping performance, and the damping enhancement factors are quantitatively analyzed by TA values. When CB content is less than 8 wt%, viscoelastic damping and frictional energy dissipation are the main factors affecting polymer properties. When CB content reaches 8 wt%, the conductive network gradually forms, and the electric energy generated by PMN through the piezoelectric effect is dissipated by the conductive network, and the piezoelectric effect of PMN becomes the dominant factor. In this case, the maximum

tan
δ

\tan \delta

max and TA values of the composite are 1.93 and 27.58, respectively. The damping contribution of PMN and CB reaches 40.21% and 34.41%, respectively.
Early pregnancy exposure of maternal triglyceride levels and its effects on birth weight
Authors: Huang Ou , Wu Dandan , Ji Min 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the early pregnancy exposure of maternal triglyceride (mTG) and its effects on birth weight, which was an important indicator for nutritional status of newborns, and even its long-term health.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was designed to investigate the relationship between mTG in early pregnancy and birth weight. Totally 32,982 women who had a singleton pregnancy and underwent serum lipids screening during early pregnancy were included in this study. Logistic regressions were used to evaluate the correlations between mTG levels and small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA), and the restricted cubic spline models were applied to explore the dose-response relationship.

Results
The increased mTG levels during early pregnancy decreased the risk of SGA and increased the risk of LGA. The high mTG (>90th, 2.05 mM) was showed associated with higher risk of LGA (AOR, 1.35; 95 %CI, 1.20 to 1.50), and lower risk of SGA (AOR, 0.78; 0.68 to 0.89). Lower risk of LGA (AOR, 0.81; 0.70 to 0.92) was found in those cases of low mTG (<10th, 0.81 mM), but no correlation was found between low mTG levels and the risk of SGA. The results remained robust after excluding women with high or low body mass index (BMI) and pregnancy complications.

Conclusions
This study suggested that early pregnancy exposure of mTG were related to the occurrence of SGA and LGA. mTG levels higher than 2.05 mM (>90th) were suggested to be avoid because of its risk for LGA, while mTG lower than 0.81 mM (<10th) showed its benefits for ideal birthweight range.
Freiheitsrechte, Freiheitspflichten
Authors: Macho Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Im Ausgang von der Unterscheidung zwischen Freiheit als passivem Schutzbegriff (etwa gegen Diskriminierung) und aktiver Freiheit (etwa der Meinungs- und Versammlungsfreiheit) werden Verfassungen, philosophische Positionen und literarische Referenzen verglichen. Ein Schwerpunkt wird auf das Gewicht und die Bedeutung der Gewaltenteilung, etwa unter Bezug auf Montesquieu und seine Untersuchung Vom Geist der Gesetze (1748), gelegt.
Politische Freiheit – Überlegungen im Anschluss an Adorno
Authors: Schwarte Ludger 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mein Beitrag geht von der Beobachtung aus, dass in deliberativen und in partizipativen Demokratietheorien das Moment kollektiver Entscheidung kaum analysiert wurde, obschon es zu den wesentlichen Kennzeichen politischer Freiheit zählt. Nicht nur die Entscheidungsregeln, sondern grundsätzlicher noch die Arrangements, die festlegen, wer teilzunehmen qualifiziert ist, was zur Sprache kommen kann und wie interagiert wird, gilt es neu zu entwerfen, wenn politische Freiheit, mit Adorno, vom Impuls der Befreiung her begriffen werden soll.
Freedom, Democracy and Science
Authors: Raina Dhruv 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The development of democracy and the development of science are not in a simple causal relationship. Rather, history shows that science can also develop in non-democratic and autocratic societies. Given the production conditions of scientific knowledge, the natural and technical sciences, for example, need well-equipped laboratories and technical equipment. Scientists in many disciplines can only do their work in institutions that provide them with access to the facilities necessary for their research. The freedom of scientific research and its protection from political interference can only be guaranteed by democratic conditions. Universities continue tobe among the most important sites of knowledge production. In the humanities and social sciences in particular, the freedom of research is often threatened. The importance of freedom in the sciences can only be understood if it is related to the fundamental value of scientific freedom. It is the responsibility of universities to safeguard this value and to protect the freedom of research. They can only fulfill their task of generating and developing knowledge if the freedom of critical research is guaranteed.
Freiheit und Entanglement: Kulturelle Resilienz als relationale Bildungstheorie
Authors: Klepacki Leopold , Jörissen Benjamin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDie Frage nach der Quelle von Freiheit ist, angesichts einer wesentlich durch neoliberalistische Lebens- und Wirtschaftsmodelle ausgelösten planetarischen Krise, zu einer Herausforderung der vorwiegend individualistischen Grundlage pädagogischer Theorie geworden. Wir stellen dieser unter dem Titel der „kulturellen Resilienz“ einen relational-transformatorischen bildungstheoretischen Ansatz gegenüber, in dessen Zentrum eine relationale Freiheitstheorie steht. Im Rahmen einer agentiell-realistischen (Barad 2012) Reinterpretation soziologischer Resilienztheorie (Brown 2015) verorten wir Freiheit im Spannungsfeld aufeinander bezogener Momente der Rootedness als Praxis eines sinnlich-leiblichen und zugleich kritisch-ästhetischen Gewahrwerdens von Entanglement (versus desengagierte Rationalität), Resourcefulness als diffraktionale (versus reflexive) umgestaltende Praxis der Hervorbringung von Welt, sowie „Resistance“ als performative und strukturbildende intra-aktionale, d.h. aus Relationierungen (versus abstrahierende Distanz) hervorgehende Praxis der Kritik. „Freiheit“ wird demnach bildungstheoretisch wie pädagogisch nicht durch eine Position außerhalb von Bindungen verwirklicht, sondern durch die Möglichkeit, bindende Strukturen innerhalb materieller Kollektive und kultureller Apparate neu zu konfigurieren.