bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Potential of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata Blume Species at Tanjung Api-Api, South Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Rozirwan  , Pratiwi Dania Leonika , Nugroho Redho Yoga , Apri Rezi , Fauziyah  , Putri Wike Ayu Eka , Agussalim Andi , Amin Bintal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Endophytics fungi are found in Rhizophora apiculata mangrove. They are known to produce bioactive compounds that act as an antibacterial, which can be a solution for sustainable use without destroying existing resources. This study aims to determine the types of endophytic fungi on the species of R. apiculata as antibacterial. The method used was the isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from the species of R. apiculata and the antibacterial activity test using the Kirby Bauer method. The results obtained three types of fungi from five pure isolates, namely Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp., and Penicillium sp. Three genera of endophytic fungi were found to have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The rate of inhibition against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa from Cladosporium sp. extract respectively were 17.45 ± 1.15 mm and 2.85 ± 0.08 mm, Aspergillus sp. was 14.61 ± 1.07 mm and 2.6 ± 0.20 mm, and Penicillium sp. was 14.11 ± 0.08 mm and 2.7 ± 0.20 mm. These three isolates showed inhibitory activity against both bacteria. However, the level of inhibition was stronger against S. aureus (gram positive) than P. aeruginosa (gram negative), especially by marine Cladosporium extract found in this study.
Physicochemical characteristics of oil palm frond and application of CMF Hydrogel as a natural encapsulant for probiotic
Authors: Pato Usman , Yusmarini  , Riftyan Emma , Rossi Evy , Hidayat Rahmad , Anjani Sandra Fitri , Riadi Nabila , Octaviani Ika Nur , Syahrul Agrina , Syukri Daimon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Oil palm solid waste from Indonesia’s large oil palm plantations has enormous potential to meet various human needs. Lb. fermentum InaCC B 1295 (LFB1295) was tested in vitro for viability, acid and bile tolerance, safety assessment, and antioxidant activities as a potential probiotic. The physiochemical characteristics of oil palm frond (OPF) and cellulose microfiber (CMF) were also examined. OPF mainly consisted of carbohydrates, particularly fiber, followed by ash, protein, and fat. The major components of OPF fiber were cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. The crystal index of the cellulose from OPF was 93.4%, according to an X-ray diffraction examination. The vibrations that stretch the cellulose’s -OH group were discovered via FTIR analysis at 3420.05 cm-1. The viability of LFB1295 was maintained at 9.99 log CFU/g by CMF from OPF. The persistence of LFB1295 under bile-containing conditions and at low pH was characterized by a decrease in cell number at 2.03 and 1.56 log CFU/mL, respectively. Based on its ability to repel hydrogen peroxide, neutralize DPPH radicals, and actively neutralize hydroxyl radicals. LFB1295, encapsulated in CMF hydrogel of OPF, has good antioxidant characteristics. This fact is demonstrated by the value of Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, which is 78.43%, and the capacity to scavenge DPPH radicals, which has an inhibition and IC50 of 47.28%. Encapsulated LFB1295 by CMF hydrogel from OPF passed all in vitro safety tests.
Eggs Quality of Japanese Quails Gave Fermented Dragon Fruit Peel (Hylocereus Sp.) Extract in Drinking Water
Authors: Kristina Dewi Gusti A.M. , Wirapartha M. , Umiarti Apni Tristia , Ningsih N.W.A. , Wardani N. P.K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This 10-week study aims to examine the performance and egg quality of Japanese quail given a fermented dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus sp) extract in their drinking water. The research methodology employed was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments, each treatment with 4 replications and each replication comprised of 10 quails, total of 200 quails of 6-weeks-old. R0 = drinking water without dragon fruit peel extract; R1 = drinking water containing 2% dragon fruit peel extract; R2 = drinking water containing 3% fermented dragon fruit peel extract; and R3 = drinking water containing 4% dragon fruit peel extract. The factors measured were eggs quality of Japanese quail. The findings of the investigation showed that treatment R1, R2 and R3 enhanced eggs quality (eggs weight % HDP, and eggs yolk colour) significantly (P<0,05) than R0. It may be stated that treatment of 2%,3% and 4% of fermented dragon fruit peel extract in drinking water increased eggs quality ( eggs weight, %HDP, eggs yolk colour) of the quail 6-16 week.
Observation of organoleptic of fresh ground chilies (chili puree) stored in fish ponds compared to refrigerator storage.
Authors: Syukri Daimon , Rini  , Makky Muhammad , Jaswandi  , Azima Fauzan , Aisman  , Arlius Feri 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Storage of fresh ground chilies using fish ponds has been found as a new storage technique and is expected to be an environmentally friendly alternative. In this study, organoleptic changes were observed in fresh ground chilies stored in fish ponds. This study aims to observe changes in organoleptic characteristics of fresh ground chili stored in fish pond so as to obtain more valid data on the utility of fish ponds as food product storage containers. Fresh ground chilies are stored in low density poleethylene plastic and then stored I n a fishpond. Changes in organoleptic characteristics of the ground chili stored in the pond were observed periodically for nine weeks. Storing ground chili using a refrigerator was used as a control. As a result, it is known that the panelists did not feel any difference in the organoleptic characteristics of fresh ground chilies stored in fish ponds and fresh ground chilies stored in the refrigerator. In appearance, the two storage conditions were equally able to maintain the organoleptic characteristics of the fresh ground chilies as well as the physical and chemical characteristics of the fresh ground chilies.
Application of coating-konjac to maintain the quality of Kintamani Siamese oranges during storage
Authors: Suriati Luh , Gede Pasek Mangku I 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Siam Kintamani oranges are very popular nowadays. Its bioactive compounds such as phenolics, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, and fiber are very beneficial for health. The weakness of Siamese Kintamani oranges is that the quality quickly declines. The quality of Siam Kintamani oranges can be maintained by applying coating. Nanocoating applications from natural materials are currently needed to reduce coatings from synthetic materials. This can support a green economy while significantly reducing the risk of environmental damage. The natural material that has the potential as a coating is konjac tubers because they contain glucomannan polysaccharides and other bioactive compounds. The reason of this examine become to decide the effect of coating- konjac to maintain the quality of Siam Kintamani oranges. The study began with the preparation of konjac flour as the main material for coating and application of coating- konjac on the surface of the Kintamani Siamese orange. This study used a one-factor completely randomized design, namely storage time (0, 5, 10, and 15 days), and five replications. The variables observed were weight loss, colour, number of damaged fruits, texture, water content, acidity, vitamin C and total dissolved solids. The results of the coating-konjac application research show that the storage time affects the characteristics of Siamese Kintamani orange. Siamese Kintamani orange experienced a significant decline in quality on day 10 with the criteria for acidity 4.34, water content 88.04%, color 70.36%, weight loss 13.86%, vitamin C 69 g/100g, texture 26.14 N and total plate count 5.06 log.cfu/g.
The Rice Bran-based Traditional Foods: Study of Existence, Antioxidant Activity, and Consumer Preference
Authors: Hartati Sri , Khusnah Yufrida Khotimatul , Intan Niken Tari A. , Catur Budi H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rice bran is a by-product of milling rice from rice processing. Rice bran-based food is known to have been consumed since ancient times, especially in Central Java, Indonesia. This study aimed to investigate the existence and antioxidant activity of rice bran-based traditional foods and the consumer preferences for traditional bran-based foods by the younger generation. This study was carried out with several stages, including a literature study, existence test, antioxidant activity test, and preference test. The data collection technique in the existence test was conducted with the survey using observation and interviews. The antioxidant activity was tested using DPPH analysis. The preference test was conducted using the hedonic test. The results show that rice bran-based traditional foods in traditional markets still exist with the discovery of three traditional markets: Telukan market, Bekonang market, and Gawok market in Sukoharjo district, Central Java. The antioxidant activity of the three-rice bran-based traditional foods is relatively high. However, the consumer preference from the younger generation could be higher, with an average score below moderate regarding color, taste, aroma, and overall. Therefore, the future innovation and development of rice bran-based traditional foods.
Whole Tilapia Fish Balls: Texture, Calcium, and Phosphorus
Authors: Faridah Anni , Utami Riski Gusri , Rosel Ruhul Fitri , Zhari Mohd Salehuddin Mohd 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Indonesian love beef meatballs. However, beef meatballs have a high saturated fat content and are expensive. Tilapia fish can replace meatballs’ primary protein source. However, tilapia has a low fillet yield of 20-30%, producing 65-89% waste. The use of whole tilapia in the production of fish balls can increase the benefits of calcium- and phosphorus-rich fish by-products. Osteoporosis-prone individuals need calcium and phosphorus-rich foods. Notwithstanding, our preliminary research showed whole tilapia fish balls have a low texture; thus, adding a gelling agent (carrageenan) is necessary. Carrageenan has not been examined in whole tilapia fish balls. This study aimed to analyse whole tilapia fish balls’ sensory and nutritional qualities with 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% carrageenan. The study used Complete Randomized Designs (CRD) with three repetitions. ANOVA and Duncan’s test were used to analyse sensory data. The results showed that more carrageenan improved the texture of the whole fish balls. Therefore, it is recommended to use 5% carrageenan to make whole tilapia fish balls chewy and dense. The ash, fat, protein, calcium, and phosphorus content of whole tilapia fish balls were higher than that of tilapia fillet fish balls, but the water content and carbohydrates were lower. Adding 5% carrageenan enhanced the water content, ash, protein, calcium, and phosphorus, reducing the carbohydrate for both whole and fillet tilapia balls. Whole tilapia fish balls had ± 9 times more calcium than fillet balls (417.23 mg/100 gr) and ± 32 times more phosphorus (231.22 mg/100 gr). The calcium and phosphorus content of whole tilapia fish balls is roughly equal to the daily recommended value of 2:1. This study suggests that by eating 250-350 grams daily, people prone to osteoporosis can meet their calcium and phosphorus levels needs.
Accessibility of Goat Feed Sources in Mutiara Pidie District
Authors: Yusriani Y , Usrina N , Fitriawaty F , Allaily A , Hayanti S Y , Sabri M , Adriani R , Qamariyah N , Nurdin S , Surya S , Ferayanti F , Idawanni I 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aims to determine the ease or difficulty of obtaining animal feed for goat breeders. The study was conducted between January and December 2021 in Baro Yaman Village, Mutiara District, Pidie Regency, Aceh Province. The method of intentionally sampling breeders (purposive sampling) is a method of taking with a specific purpose, considering that the farmer sample contains the necessary information for the researcher’s study. Respondents were thirty-five (35) breeders with ownership of two to three goats and at least two years of experience in livestock husbandry. Accessibility to the observed feed sources depended on the feed’s origin, the distance to the feed source and travel time, the feed purchase, labor availability, and the time required to search for feed. The research findings are described in detail. The results indicated that the average of the five observed variables, namely the origin of feed, distance and travel time, availability of labor, and time to search for and purchase feed, received a score of 0.78; 0.45; 0.97; 0.95; and 0.86, with a total score of 4.00, which is classified as simple criteria. The study concludes that goat feed sources in the Mutiara District are easily accessible.
Identification of Acid Red 73 (CI 27290) in Cosmetic Hair Dye Preparations by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – Photo Diode Array
Authors: Ananda Shilvira , Lubis Amalia Putri , Zainul Rahadian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAcid Red 73 (CI 27290) is a prohibited component in cosmetics, particularly in hair color formulations. The purpose of this investigation is to discover the coloring additive Acid Red 73 in cosmetic hair dye formulations. Acid Red 73 (CI 27290) is a sulfonated azo dye that is manufactured to be more hazardous than other colors and is damaging to the body. Based on variations in polarity and solubility, Acid Red 73 (CI 27290) is separated from the sample matrix and identified using High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photo Diode Array (HPLC-PDA). The findings obtained from the tested samples satisfied the criteria since they did not include Acid Red 73 (CI 27290), as indicated by the difference in retention time and wavelength between the sample, the standard solution, and the spiked sample solution on the chromatogram.
Effect of Composition Variation on The Crystal Size and Band Gap of Thin Film Nano Photocatalyst Fe2O3/CuO/MnO2
Authors: Azleen Fahira , Ratnawulan Ratnawulan , Fauzi Ahmad , Rahmadhani Detty , Steven Anthoni , Anisa Khairiyah 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Commercial activities in the field of laundry services, cause problems in the water environment, hurt air quality, and were dangerous for life. Efforts that are now the leading option for most people are using photocatalyst technology on semiconductor materials. MnO2 semiconductor is used as an auxiliary component for the development of CuO-Fe2O3 photocatalyst to increase the level of degradation of organic contaminants in the environment. This study aimed to determine the crystal size and band gap of Fe2O3/CuO/MnO2 nanocomposite. This type of research is a laboratory experiment, and the characterization tools used include X-Ray Diffraction and Uv-Vis Spectrophotometer. Synthesis of Fe2O3/CuO/MnO2 nanocomposite with various compositions of Fe2O3/CuO/MnO2 respectively, 0.9:2.9:1, 1:3:0.8, 1.1:3.1:0.6, 1, 2:3.2:0.4, and 1.3:3.3:0.2 with the sol-gel method has been successful. Thin layer growth was carried out by the spin coating method with a sintering temperature of 400° C. This research results show that composition variation affects the crystal size and band gap of Fe2O3/CuO/MnO2 nanocomposite. The crystal sizes of the nanocomposites obtained were 25.18 nm, 24.48 nm, 25.55 nm, 23.57 nm, and 27.52 nm. The band gap energy values of the nanocomposites were 1.55 eV, 1.44 eV, 1.44 eV, 1.45 eV, and 1.46 eV.
The Ability of Chitinolytic Bacteria to Control Colletotrichum capsici in Chili Plants
Authors: Yanti Yulmira , Hamid Hasmiandy , Reflin  , Yaherwandi  
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum capsici is one of the important diseases in chili plants that can reduce yields up to 50-100%. Chitinolytic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis AGBE 3.3.BB, B. cereus SLBE1.1. SN and B. toyonensis AGBE1.2.TL were antagonistic to C. capsici. This study aimed to determine the potential of chitinolytic bacteria in controlling C. capsici in chili plants. Three bacterial isolates were formulated using bran as a carrier medium. The research was divided into four stages: antagonist test, viability test, ability test of biological agents to control C. capsici and plant growth. This study showed that the severity of anthracnose in the bacterial formulation of B. thuringiensis strain AGBE 3.3 BB was lower, which was 64.3% compared to the control. Tests showed that the formulation of B. cereus SLBE1.1. SN, formulation B. toyonensis strain AGBE1.2TL, formulation B. thuringiensis strain AGBE 3.3 BB, and the consortium formulation could inhibit C. capsici infection. These results indicate that chitinolytic bacteria’s formulation has the potential to be a biological control agent against C. capsici.
Exploration of Indigenous Actinomycetes as Biocontrol Agents of Purple Blotch Diseases at Onion
Authors: Yanti Y , Hamid H , Nurbailis  , Dzulfahmi M D , Selviana S , Rahmanda Putra I 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purple blotch disease caused by Alternaria porri is an essential disease in shallot plants. Actinomycetes microorganisms have potential as A. porri biological control agents because they produce bioactive compounds. The research aimed to select actinomycetes isolates that can suppress the growth of A. porri, stimulate growth, and increase the production of shallots. The study consisted of four stages: isolation, selection, characterization, and identification of potential actinomycetes isolates. The isolation results obtained 35 indigenous isolates, and as many as 16 isolates were successfully selected based on the results of the biosafety test. The antagonism test showed that 12 isolates produced suppression to A. porri by 4.87–63.77%. From 16 selected isolates, 13 isolates could produce chitinase enzymes with a chitinolytic index of 0.61-2.58. Nine selected isolates: AMSN23, AMSN10 AMBP7, AMSP10, AMSR21, AMTE2, AMDK6, AMTD 14, and AMPL24, could dissolve phosphate and produce Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) with a concentration of 34.82–85.98 ppm, but only six isolates were able to fix nitrogen. In the results of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, nine isolates were selected and potentially identified as Streptomyces rameus, S. lydicus, S. panaciradicis, S. seoulensis,S. fuscichromogenes, Streptomyces sp, S. nigrescens, S. viridaris, and S. griseus
Production of drip bag coffee filled with blended arabica and robusta coffee beans by ohmic fermentation technology
Authors: Nur Nadiah , Asfar Muhammad , Reta  , Nurmiah Sitti , Darmawan  , Thamrin Syahruni , Sumule Ophirtus 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To produce the highest quality brewed coffee based on consumer preferences, it is required to conduct a cupping test before to determining the ideal blending formula. The greatest blended formulations created by ohmic fermentation technology and the use of a drip bag filter during the brewing process can produce a high-quality coffee fragrance and flavor. The purpose of this study was to identify the optimal blending formulation based on the results of the cupping test and to assess the caffeine content, pH value, and organoleptic test results of Arabica and Robusta ohmic drip bag coffee. Fully Randomized Design (CRD) was employed for the study with four treatment ratios of Arabica: Robusta coffee blending (20%:80%; 40%:60%; 60%:40%; 80%:20%). Based on the findings of the cupping test, the optimal ratio of Arabica to Robusta was 80%:20%. The variance analysis revealed that the mixing of Arabica and Robusta coffee had a highly significant (P0.05) effect on the overall. The variance analysis of brewing coffee with the best treatment revealed that the treatment had no significant influence (P>0.05) on the overall. The average caffeine concentration measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry was 0.25. The second test resulted in the lowest caffeine value, 0.16, whereas the first test resulted in the highest caffeine value, 0.31. The mean pH level was 0.93. The first test yielded the lowest pH value, which was 4.86, whereas the third test yielded the highest pH value. The organoleptic test results for the blended ohmic drip bag coffee based on the cupping test yielded a cupping score of o>84, which corresponds to an overall score of 85 for a ratio of 80% Arabica: 20% Robusta (cup of excellence coffee). In contrast, the cupping score of 15 grams of coffee powder without a drip bag filter was greater than 80, totaling 84.06 points (specialty coffee).
Improvement of Flexible Polyurethane Foam Characteristics of Palm Oil Polyols with the Addition Of Polyethylene Glycol-400
Authors: Neswati  , Nazir N , Arief S , Yusniwati  
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Palm oil polyol-based foams have inflexible and brittle properties. Palm oil polyols have a lower molecular weight. Polyols with a high molecular weight and a primary OH group, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG)-400, can provide the flexible properties of polyurethane foam. This study aimed to examine the optimum concentration of PEG-400, which can produce flexible polyurethane foam made from palm oil polyols with the best characteristics based on mechanical properties. This study compared palm oil polyol and PEG-400 treatment of 80%:20%, 70%:30%, 60%:40%, 50%:50%. Flexible polyurethane foam was characterized, including FTIR analysis, SEM, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation at break, and TGA. The results showed that the use of PEG-400 at an optimum concentration of 40% resulted in flexible polyurethane foam with a greater number of open cells and increased flexible properties but decreased the value of tensile strength and yield strength, as well as decreased the foam’s stability to heat. However, tensile strength and elongation at break of PEG-based palm oil polyurethane obtained from this study followed the flexible polyurethane foam requirements.
Asphalt concrete mix analysis using volcanic ash filler
Authors: Asfiati Sri , Dewi Irma , Prafanti Sri , Siregar Zulkifli 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Asphalt mixture is a combination of a mixture of aggregate and asphalt. Sinabung eruption volcanic ash produced many negative impact on health and the environment. So that needs to be done in order to study the volcanic ash can be used in road pavement, especially on Asphalt Concrete pavement, the purpose of this study to determine the effect comparison of volcanic ash filler sinabung on Asphalt Concrete - Binder Course. This research was laboratory experimental in nature with asphalt level variation of 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7% and volcanic filler level of 1, 2 and 3% in each asphalt level variation. There were 5 samples used the examination was done using marshall test instrument. The test used to determine the graph of asphalt content with value stability, flow, bulk density, VIM, VMA, VFB. The results of the over all addition of volcanic ash in the petroleum asphalt. Asphalt Concrete Binder Course Marshall stability values indicate that the better that showed that a mixture of aggregate is very good. If the flow value is lower, the VIM value is getting lower, then the VMA value and VFB value have a value that is more than the minimum value.