bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding the role of village malaria workers in Cambodia: Implementation and evaluation of four health education packages
Authors: Betrian Mipharny , Umans Dafne , Vanna Moul , Ol Sam , Adhikari Bipin , Davoeung Chan , Callery James J. , Sovann Yok , Peto Thomas J. , Maude Richard J. , van der Pluijm Rob W. , Bunreth Voeunrung , Grobusch Martin P. , van Vugt Michèle , Lubell Yoel , von Seidlein Lorenz , Dondorp Arjen M. , Sovannaroth Siv , Lek Dysoley , Tripura Rupam 
Published: September 2023

Background
Early access to correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment is essential for malaria elimination, and in Cambodia this relies on village malaria workers (VMWs). Decreasing malaria transmission leave VMWs with diminished roles. Activities related to the control of other health conditions could keep these community health workers relevant.

Methods
During 2022, 120 VMWs attended training at local health centres on four health education packages: 1. hygiene and sanitation; 2. disease surveillance; 3. management of mild illness; 4. vaccination and antenatal care. All training and evaluation sessions were documented through meeting minutes, and 19 focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted among VMWs and health centre personnel. Audio-records of FGDs were transcribed and translated in English and underwent thematic analysis.

Results
VMWs reported strong interest in the training and welcomed the expansion of their roles thus assuring their continued relevance. VMWs prioritized disease surveillance and management of mild illness among the available training packages because these topics were seen as most relevant. While training was considered comprehensible and important, the low literacy among VMWs was an impediment suggesting training materials need to be delivered visually. Since VMWs have limited resources, incentives could ensure that VMWs are motivated to undertake additional roles and responsibilities.

Conclusions
The transformation of VMWs into community health workers with roles beyond malaria is a promising approach for sustaining health care provision in remote areas. Training needs to consider the low scientific literacy, time constraints and limited resources of VMWs.
Not all movements are equal: Differences in the variability of trunk motor behavior between people with and without low back pain—A systematic review with descriptive synthesis
Authors: Abu Bakar Florian , Staal J. Bart , van Cingel Robert , Saito Hiroki , Ostelo Raymond , van Dieën Jaap H. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Differences in variability of trunk motor behavior between people with and without low back pain (LBP) have been reported in the literature. However, the direction and consistency of these differences remain unclear. Understanding variability of trunk motor behavior between individuals with LBP and those without is crucial to better understand the impact of LBP and potentially optimize treatment outcomes. Identifying such differences may help tailor therapeutic interventions.

Objective
This systematic review aims to answer the question: Is variability of trunk motor behavior different between people with and without LBP and if so, do people with LBP show more or less variability? Furthermore, we addressed the question whether the results are dependent on characteristics of the patient group, the task performed and the type of variability measure.

Methods
This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020180003). A comprehensive systematic literature search was performed by searching PubMed, Embase, Cinahl, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science and Sport Discus. Studies were eligible if they (1) included a LBP group and a control group, (2) included adults with non-specific low back pain of any duration and (3) measured kinematic variability, EMG variability and/or kinetic variability. Risk of Bias was evaluated and a descriptive synthesis was performed.

Results
Thirty-nine studies were included, thirty-one of which were included in the descriptive synthesis. In most studies and experimental conditions, variability did not significantly differ between groups. When significant differences were found, less variability in patients with LBP was more frequently reported than more variability, especially in gait-related tasks.

Conclusions
Given the considerable risk of bias of the included studies and the clinical characteristics of the participants with low severity scores for pain, disability and psychological measures, there is insufficient evidence to draw firm conclusions.
Prediction of corneal power vectors after cataract surgery with toric lens implantation–A vector analysis
Authors: Langenbucher Achim , Szentmáry Nóra , Cayless Alan , Wendelstein Jascha , Hoffmann Peter 
Published: September 2023

Background
Intraocular lenses are typically calculated based on a pseudophakic eye model, and for toric lenses (tIOL) a good estimate of corneal astigmatism after cataract surgery is required in addition to the equivalent corneal power. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between the preoperative IOLMaster (IOLM) and the preoperative and postoperative Casia2 (CASIA) tomographic measurements of corneal power in a cataractous population with tIOL implantation, and to predict total power (TP) from the IOLM and CASIA keratometric measurements.

Methods
The analysis was based on a dataset of 88 eyes of 88 patients from 1 clinical centre before and after tIOL implantation. All IOLM and CASIA keratometric and total corneal power measurements were converted to power vector components, and the differences between preoperative IOLM or CASIA and postoperative CASIA measurements were assessed. Feedforward neural network and multivariate linear regression prediction algorithms were implemented to predict the postoperative total corneal power (as a reference for tIOL calculation) from the preoperative IOLM and CASIA keratometric measurements.

Results
On average, the preoperative IOLM keratometric / total corneal power under- / overestimates the postoperative CASIA keratometric / real corneal power by 0.12 dpt / 0.21 dpt. The prediction of postoperative CASIA real power from preoperative IOLM or CASIA keratometry shows that postoperative total corneal power is systematically (0.18 dpt / 0.27 dpt) shifted towards astigmatism against the rule, which is not reflected by keratometry. The correlation of postoperative CASIA real power to the corresponding preoperative CASIA values is better than those as compared to the preoperative IOLM keratometry. However, there is a large variation from preoperative IOLM or CASIA keratometry to the postoperative CASIA real power of up to 1.1 dpt (95% confidence interval).

Conclusion
One of the challenges of tIOL calculation is the prediction of postoperative total corneal power from preoperative keratometry. Keratometric power restricted to a front surface measurement does not fully reflect the situation of corneal back surface astigmatism, which typically adds some extra against the rule astigmatism.
A novel hybrid framework based on temporal convolution network and transformer for network traffic prediction
Authors: Zhang Zhiwei , Gong Shuhui , Liu Zhaoyu , Chen Da 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundAccurately predicting mobile network traffic can help mobile network operators allocate resources more rationally and can facilitate stable and fast network services to users. However, due to burstiness and uncertainty, it is difficult to accurately predict network traffic.MethodologyConsidering the spatio-temporal correlation of network traffic, we proposed a deep-learning model, Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) Spatio-Temporal Convolution Network-Transformer, for time-series prediction based on a CBAM attention mechanism, a Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN), and Transformer with a sparse self-attention mechanism. The model can be used to extract the spatio-temporal features of network traffic for prediction. First, we used the improved TCN for spatial information and added the CBAM attention mechanism, which we named CSTCN. This model dealt with important temporal and spatial features in network traffic. Second, Transformer was used to extract spatio-temporal features based on the sparse self-attention mechanism. The experiments in comparison with the baseline showed that the above work helped significantly to improve the prediction accuracy. We conducted experiments on a real network traffic dataset in the city of Milan.ResultsThe results showed that CSTCN-Transformer reduced the mean square error and the mean average error of prediction results by 65.16%, 64.97%, and 60.26%, and by 51.36%, 53.10%, and 38.24%, respectively, compared to CSTCN, a Long Short-Term Memory network, and Transformer on test sets, which justified the model design in this paper.
Prognostic factors for persistent obstructive symptoms in patients with Hirschsprung disease following pull-through
Authors: Balela Naisya , Fauzi Aditya Rifqi , Nugroho Ninditya , Dwihantoro Andi , Gunadi  
Published: September 2023

Background
Although most patients with Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) improve after pull-through, some patients still have persistent obstructive symptoms. Most previous studies reported persistent obstructive symptoms after pull-through in HSCR patients from developed countries. Our study determined the prognostic factors of persistent obstructive symptoms in patients with HSCR following pull-through from a particular developing country.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using medical records of patients with HSCR at our institution from January 2017 to January 2022.

Results
We ascertained 114 patients with HSCR: 79 males and 35 females. Most of them (90.4%) showed a short aganglionosis and underwent transanal endorectal pull-through (55.3%). Twenty-two percent of patients showed persistent obstructive symptoms following pull-through. Operative technique and age at definitive surgery were significantly associated with the persistent obstructive symptoms after pull-through (p = 0.011 and 0.019, respectively), while sex, aganglionic segment length, presence of global developmental delay, and Down syndrome were not (p = 0.873, 0.525, 0.647, and 0.301, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that age at pull-through was a significant independent factor for persistent obstructive symptoms after pull-through, with an odds ratio of 3.41 (95% CI = 1.18–9.91; p = 0.02).

Conclusions
Our study shows a moderate frequency of persistent obstructive symptoms after pull-through in our institution. In addition, patients who underwent pull-throughs at a younger age might have persistent obstructive symptoms following a definitive surgery. Our study provides new data on persistent obstructive symptoms after pull-through from a particular population that might be beneficial for pediatric surgeons’ consideration before performing definitive surgery on patients with HSCR.
The impact of the early COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare system resource use and costs in two provinces in Canada: An interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Zeitouny Seraphine , Cheung Douglas C. , Bremner Karen E. , Pataky Reka E. , Pequeno Priscila , Matelski John , Peacock Stuart , Del Giudice M. Elisabeth , Lapointe-Shaw Lauren , Tomlinson George , Mendlowitz Andrew B. , Mulder Carol , Tsui Teresa C. O. , Perlis Nathan , Walker Jennifer D. , Sander Beate , Wong William W. L. , Krahn Murray D. , Kulkarni Girish S. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionThe aim of our study was to assess the initial impact of COVID-19 on total publicly-funded direct healthcare costs and health services use in two Canadian provinces, Ontario and British Columbia (BC).MethodsThis retrospective repeated cross-sectional study used population-based administrative datasets, linked within each province, from January 1, 2018 to December 27, 2020. Interrupted time series analysis was used to estimate changes in the level and trends of weekly resource use and costs, with March 16–22, 2020 as the first pandemic week. Also, in each week of 2020, we identified cases with their first positive SARS-CoV-2 test and estimated their healthcare costs until death or December 27, 2020.ResultsThe resources with the largest level declines (95% confidence interval) in use in the first pandemic week compared to the previous week were physician services [Ontario: -43% (-49%,-37%); BC: -24% (-30%,-19%) (both p<0.001)] and emergency department visits [Ontario: -41% (-47%,-35%); BC: -29% (-35%,-23%) (both p<0.001)]. Hospital admissions declined by 27% (-32%,-23%) in Ontario and 21% (-26%,-16%) in BC (both p<0.001). Resource use subsequently rose but did not return to pre-pandemic levels. Only home care and dialysis clinic visits did not significantly decrease compared to pre-pandemic. Costs for COVID-19 cases represented 1.3% and 0.7% of total direct healthcare costs in 2020 in Ontario and BC, respectively.ConclusionsReduced utilization of healthcare services in the overall population outweighed utilization by COVID-19 patients in 2020. Meeting the needs of all patients across all services is essential to maintain resilient healthcare systems.
Efficacy and safety of veliparib plus chemotherapy for the treatment of lung cancer: A systematic review of clinical trials
Authors: Daei Sorkhabi Amin , Fazlollahi Asra , Sarkesh Aila , Aletaha Reza , Feizi Hamidreza , Mousavi Seyed Ehsan , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria , Sullman Mark J. M. , Kolahi Ali-Asghar , Safiri Saeid 
Published: September 2023

Background
As a poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, veliparib has been identified as a potential therapeutic agent for lung cancer. The present study aimed to conduct a systematic review of clinical trials investigating the efficacy and safety of veliparib for treating lung cancer.

Methods
PubMed, Scopus, the Web of Science, and Google Scholar were systematically searched up to October 30, 2022. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy or safety of veliparib in the treatment of lung cancer patients were included. Studies were excluded if they were not RCTs, enrolled healthy participants or patients with conditions other than lung cancer, or investigated therapeutic approaches other than veliparib. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used for quality assessment.

Results
The seven RCTs (n = 2188) showed that patients treated with a combination of veliparib and chemotherapy had a significantly higher risk of adverse events, when compared to the control arm. There was no statistically significant difference in overall survival (OS) between those treated with veliparib plus chemotherapy and those receiving the standard therapies. Only two trials demonstrated an improvement in progression-free survival (PFS), and only one study found an increase in objective response rate (ORR). Furthermore, adding veliparib to standard chemotherapy showed no benefit in extending the duration of response (DoR) in any of the studies.

Conclusions
Only a small number of studies have found veliparib to be effective, in terms of improved OS, PFS, and ORR, while the majority of studies found no benefit for veliparib over standard treatment.
Changes in anxiety and depression levels and meat intake following recognition of low genetic risk for high body mass index, triglycerides, and lipoproteins: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lee Ga Young , Chung Kyong-Mee , Lee Junghak , Kim Jeong-Han , Han Sung Nim 
Published: September 2023

Background
Psychological status affects dietary intake, and recognizing genetic information can lead to behavior changes by influencing psychological factors such as anxiety or depression.

Objectives
In this study, we examined the effects of disclosing genetic information on anxiety or depression levels and the association between these psychological factors and dietary intake.

Methods
A total of 100 healthy adults were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 65) informed about their genetic test results regarding body mass index and lipid profiles (triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations) and a not-informed control group (CON, n = 35). Based on polygenic risk scores, participants in the intervention group were subclassified into an intervention-low risk (ILR, n = 32) and an intervention-high risk (IHR, n = 33) group. Nutrient and food intakes were assessed via a 3-day dietary record at baseline and at 3 and 6 months. Depression and anxiety levels were measured using PHQ-9 and GAD-7 questionnaires, and the relative levels of blood metabolites were measure using GC-MS/MS analysis.

Results
Noticeable changes in dietary intake as well as psychological factors were observed in male subjects, with those perceiving their genetic risks as low (ILR) showing a significant increase in protein intake at 3 months compared to baseline (ILR: 3.9 ± 1.4, p<0.05). Meat intake also increased significantly in males in the ILR group at 3 months, but not in the IHR and CON groups (ILR: 49.4 ± 30.8, IHR: -52.2 ± 25.4, CON: -5.3 ± 30.3 g/d). ILR group showed a significant decrease in anxiety levels at 3 months, and their anxiety scores showed a negative association with meat intake (standardized β = -0.321, p<0.05). The meat intake at 3 months was associated with the relative levels of arginine and ornithine (standardized β = 0.452, p<0.05 and standardized β = 0.474, p<0.05, respectively).

Conclusions
Taken together, anxiety levels were decreased in male subjects who perceived their genetic risk to be low, and the decrease in anxiety levels was associated with an increase in meat intake. This suggests that recognizing genetic information may affect psychological factors and dietary intake.
Development and validation of parental knowledge, attitude and practice in eye problem among children questionnaire (PEPC-KAPQ)
Authors: Ghani Nor Diyana Hani , Abd Rahman Mohd Harimi , Mohamad Fadzil Norliza , Mohammed Zainora , Mohd Rasdi Hanif Farhan , Shafie Nur Syafiqah 
Published: September 2023

Background
Most eye problems among children can be detected and treated at an early age to reduce the prevalence of visual impairment. Understanding the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among parents about common children’s eye problems is fundamental to encourage parents to seek early eye care services for their children. This study aims to develop a Parental Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice in Eye Problem among Children Questionnaire (PEPC-KAPQ) and evaluate its psychometric properties.

Methods
This study involved developing a questionnaire and was conducted in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from July 2021 until June 2022. The questionnaire was developed based on a literature review and expert consultation. The first phase includes a systematic literature review to generate the items for the questionnaire. A group of five panels was then invited to perform content validity for the questionnaire. Face validity was conducted among ten parents to get feedback for the questionnaire. Construct validity and reliability of the questionnaire were measured by which the questionnaire was administered to a total of 134 parents and 64 parents for reliability test.

Result
The final PEPC-KAPQ consists of four main sections: demographic, knowledge, attitude, and practice with 52 items. The content validity index was 0.85 for all domains of KAP. Modified kappa showed excellent value for most items for all domains. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy showed acceptable scores of 0.84, and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity was significant (x2 = 3172.09, p<0.0001). Kuder-Richardson-2 of the domain knowledge was 0.95. Cronbach’s α coefficient of domain attitude and practice were 0.92 and 0.88, respectively and the intraclass correlation of domain attitude and practice were 0.93 and 0.94 respectively. Bland and Altman’s plots show that majority of the data fell within the limits of agreement.

Conclusion
The findings of this validation and reliability study show that the developed questionnaire has a satisfactory psychometric property for measuring the KAP of parents regarding eye problems among children.
Risk factors for intraoperative blood loss in resection of intracranial meningioma: Analysis of 530 cases
Authors: Wang Chenghong , Li Peng 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
Excision of intracranial meningioma has been associated with major intraoperative blood loss (IBL). The objective of the study was to identify factors affecting IBL during removal of meningioma.

Methods
We retrospectively studied medical records of 530 adult patients who underwent surgery for intracranial meningioma at Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital between September 2018 and May 2022. We obtained the following data from each patient’s medical chart: age, sex, height, weight, comorbidities, blood pressure, history of smoking and alcohol, imaging examination findings, pathologic diagnosis, albumin, creatinine, calcium, magnesium, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit, platelet count, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio, fibrinogen concentration and blood transfusion. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for greater IBL during removal of intracranial meningioma.

Results
A total of 530 patients were included in our study. Univariate analysis revealed that sex (p = 0.004), two-dimensional (2D) tumor area (p < 0.001), sinus involvement (p = 0.014), World Health Organization grade (p = 0.015), preoperative albumin level (p = 0.032), preoperative Hb level (p = 0.001) and preoperative platelet count (p = 0.004) were significantly associated with greater IBL. Multivariate analysis revealed that greater 2D tumor area (p < 0.001), higher preoperative albumin concentration (p = 0.029) and higher preoperative platelet count (p = 0.03) were independent risk factors for greater IBL in resection of intracranial meningioma.

Conclusion
Larger tumor size, higher preoperative albumin concentration and higher preoperative platelet count were identified as independent risk factors for greater IBL in resection of intracranial meningioma.
Investigating the clinical validity of the guided progression analysis definition with 10–2 visual field in retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Asano Shotaro , Asaoka Ryo , Oishi Akio , Fujino Yuri , Murata Hiroshi , Azuma Keiko , Miyata Manabu , Obata Ryo , Inoue Tatsuya 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
To investigate the clinical validity of the Guided Progression Analysis definition (GPAD) and cluster-based definition (CBD) with the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) 10–2 test in retinitis pigmentosa (RP).

Methods
Ten non-progressive RP visual fields (VFs) (HFA 10–2 test) were simulated for each of 10 VFs of 111 eyes (10 simulations × 10 VF sequencies × 111 eyes = 111,000 VFs; Dataset 1). Using these simulated VFs, the specificity of GPAD for the detection of progression was determined. Using this dataset, similar analyses were conducted for the CBD, in which the HFA 10–2 test was divided into four quadrants. Subsequently, the Hybrid Definition was designed by combining the GPAD and CBD; various conditions of the GPAD and CBD were altered to approach a specificity of 95.0%. Subsequently, actual HFA 10–2 tests of 116 RP eyes (10 VFs each) were collected (Dataset 2), and true positive rate, true negative rate, false positive rate, and the time required to detect VF progression were evaluated and compared across the GPAD, CBD, and Hybrid Definition.

Results
Specificity values were 95.4% and 98.5% for GPAD and CBD, respectively. There were no significant differences in true positive rate, true negative rate, and false positive rate between the GPAD, CBD, and Hybrid Definition. The GPAD and Hybrid Definition detected progression significantly earlier than the CBD (at 4.5, 5.0, and 4.5 years, respectively).

Conclusions
The GPAD and the optimized Hybrid Definition exhibited similar ability for the detection of progression, with the specificity reaching 95.4%.