bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mandibular Condyle Shape and Symmetry in 4- to 19-Year-Old Children and Early Adolescents
Authors: Bonardo Barnabas , Saskianti Tania , Moeharyono Puteri Mega 
Published: September 2023

Background: The prevalence of TMD (temporomandibular disorder) in children and early adolescents varies widely. TMD can cause permanent facial deformities and affect occlusion and speech, which will affect growth, development, and quality of life. For prevention, early detection is needed. However, early detection is often not possible due to a lack of understanding of the normal shape of the condyle. Research on the normal shape of the condyle and symmetry in children and early adolescents has not been much done. Purpose: To evaluate the shape of normal condyles in a population of children and early adolescents aged 4–19 years and determine the most dominant shape and symmetry. Methods: 220 mandibular condyles of 110 children aged 4–19 years (mean 11.4 years) were analyzed retrospectively using an orthopantomograph. Condyle types in primary, mixed, and permanent dentition were categorized according to Yale (convex, rounded, flat, angled) and Chaudhry classification (oval, diamond, bird beak, crooked). Right and left mandibular condyle symmetry was observed according to a previous study by Ribeiro. Results: In primary, mixed, and permanent dentition, the most dominant condyle shapes were (Yale, Chaudhry): 91.6% rounded, 100% oval; 95.8% rounded, 97.9% oval; 98% rounded, 97% oval, respectively. Asymmetry in the right and left mandibular condyles was not found in primary dentition; there were 2 cases in mixed dentition and 3 cases in permanent dentition. Conclusion: In children and early adolescents aged 4–19 years, the normal condyles found are: rounded, convex, angled (Yale), and oval, diamond, or bird beak (Chaudhry). The condyles are dominated by rounded and oval shapes. The incidence of asymmetry in the right and left mandibular condyles probably increases with age.
The Effect of PDLSCs on Orthodontic Tooth Movement – A Review
Authors: Yuliati Yuliati , Kriswandini Indah Listiana , Halim Olivia 
Published: September 2023

Background: Stem cells have been widely used in various fields of the health sector, one of which is dental health. Teeth with malocclusion require orthodontic treatment to achieve good function and aesthetics. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) occurs due to a bone remodeling process, namely deposition in areas of tension and resorption in areas of pressure. Differentiated stem cells are thought to influence OTM through several different mechanisms. Purpose: This narrative review seeks to explain how stem cells affect the mobility of orthodontic teeth. Review(s): OTM is aided by inflammatory mediators that are produced as a result of the induction of stem cells in the periodontal ligament. These mediators control osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation and proliferation, as well as bone remodeling. Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are important local immune response modulators in the inflammatory milieu and have an impact on a range of immune cells. Conclusion: PDLSCs, which are included in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), play a role in OTM through various mechanisms that can cause acceleration in OTM.
INNOVATIVE APPROACHES TO TEACHING AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN EXAMPLES AND TASKS
Authors: Bukhkalo Svetlana , Ageicheva Anna , Belyanskiy Oleksandr , Moskalenko Maryna , Derkunska Zhanna , Iglin Sergii 
Published: September 2023

The importance of teaching students at higher educational institutions by innovating study methods is investigated. Main innovative approaches were investigated. The usage of cases and projects in classes are studied. It is discussed that classic case promotes the development of independent decision-making skills, the second purpose of working with the case in the classroom is a communicative practice. It is described possible projects in the article. Innovative approaches for the formation of critical thinking skills is described in the article. It was determined that the systematic usage of the innovative approaches at higher educational institutions makes gave possibillity to effectively soft skills formation.
Silver Extraction from Printed Circuit Boards using a Hybrid Supercritical Water and Carbon Dioxide Extraction process; Experimental Design and Optimization of the Process
Authors: Haghighi Hamed Fallah , Khorshidi Jamshid , Zarei Taleb , Bakhshan Younes 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Electronic waste (E-waste) and its accumulation in recent years is turned in to a global issue and the management and technologies for recycling of this waste are aggressively growing. The main aim of this study is to increase the extraction efficiency of silver metal using supercritical carbon dioxide from computer printed circuit boards (PCBs) waste. Supercritical water pretreatment was used to more reachability of the silver within the PCBs structure and using ethanol co-solvent and organic ligands of Cyanex 302 ligand, Kelex and EDTA helped the efficiency enhancement of the process. The response surface method (RSM) and thermodynamic modeling was used in order to experimental design and optimization of the process. The optimized conditions for supercritical water pretreatment was determined to be 275 bar pressure, 431 ℃ temperature and 30 min residence time and for supercritical carbon dioxide extraction step it was calculated to be at the temperature of 50 ℃, dynamic residence time of 90.00 min and pressure of 300.00 bar with the response of 72.07% of efficiency for silver extraction. According to results of this study, it would be available to design and manufacture of a larger scale extraction unit to reach valuable amounts of precious silver metal from e-waste.
Photovoice: An innovative pedagogical tool for efficient delivery of Attitude, Ethics, and Communication (AETCOM) Module of Competency-Based Medical Curriculum in India
Authors: Bhat Deepa , Srikanta Vidya Chikkaharalli , Doddaiah Sunilkumar , Kunjappagounder Pushpalatha , Swamy Meenakshi , K Shwetha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background Photovoice, participatory action research, combines photography, critical dialogue, and experiential knowledge that participants reflect on and communicate their concerns to ignite behavioral change. The Attitude, Ethics, and Communication Module of the Competency-Based Indian Curriculum - “Cadaver as the first teacher” was imparted through photovoice among first-year medical graduates. The study aimed to determine photovoice as an active learning strategy in anatomy, obtain student perceptions of this method and assess its efficacy in imparting desired competencies in the affective domain. Methods The competition among the students was organized using photovoice as a tool to explore the students’ reflections on cadavers. The details regarding the photovoice method, process, intent, assessment criteria, rules, and schedule were announced. The students had to capture photographs at convenience and collect pictures from the internet or any media that correlated with the AETCOM module theme "Cadaver as the first teacher." Students were asked to reflect upon: what you felt when you first saw the cadaver concerning body donation, feeling of other persons (empathy), connecting with the real-life hospital setting, and the cadaver as your first teacher. A competition for the display of creativity was announced. We employed focus group discussion. The deductive approach of data coding was adopted. Rereading and revising the codes and thematic analysis were performed. Results A focus group discussion revealed that the graduates considered photovoice a beneficial learning strategy due to student engagement. The students accepted photovoice as a metacognitive approach. It triggered an appreciative inquiry on the module's significance. The conscious practice of respecting the cadaver at the dissection hall was the perceived benefit of this strategy. Additionally, the presentation skills and real-life context could help translate them into clinical settings. Incorporating active learning strategies supplementing dissection hall teaching helps develop empathy and professionalism with peer support in the competency-based anatomy curriculum. Conclusion Photovoice provides a unique medium for reflection on components such as empathy, respect, altruism, compassion, teamwork, and self-regulation. Appropriate delivery of humanistic education through a suitable method can have a lifelong impact on medical students.
Association of optimal gestational weight gain with pregnancy outcomes in twin pregnancies in China: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Xiao Yue , Sun Guoqiang , Zou Xiaoxuan , Deng Yuzhi , Liang Fei , Ma Qiuping , Cheng Yao , Ding Yaling , Liu Haiyan , Cao Yingying , Yang Haishan , Zhong Yi , Hu Meina , Yin Jieyun , Yang Ying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: There is no well-established gestational weight gain (GWG) guideline for twin pregnancies in China.
Methods: A multicenter retrospective study containing 1247 twin pregnancies was conducted in both North and South China. Optimal GWG was defined as the interquartile range (IQR) of GWG across pre-pregnancy body mass index stratum among low-risk women. A primary outcome is defined as any occurrence of preterm delivery, small for gestational age, large for gestational age and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy.
Results: On the basis of 203 low-risk participants, we found that the optimal total GWG were 16-21.80 kg, 15.35-21.50 kg, 12.10-20.25 kg, and 5.50-18.50 kg for underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese subgroups, respectively; corresponding GWG rates were 0.43-0.61 kg/week, 0.42-0.59 kg/week, 0.34-0.55 kg/week, and 0.15-0.51 kg/week. Our proposed GWG ranges are lower than the provisional Institute of Medicine (IOM) twin recommendation but higher than the Chinese Nutrition Society (CNS) singleton recommendation. In addition, 46.11% of participants gain appropriate weight according to our suggestion, in contrast to 43.48% and 23.82% for the IOM twin guideline and the CNS singleton recommendation, respectively. Furthermore, the magnitude of association between the composite outcome with insufficient GWG defined by our suggestion was the strongest [adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) =1.74 (1.21-2.49)] among recommendations. Noteworthy, the IQRs produced by our study seems to be superior to the IOM twin guideline in southern Chinese but not in northern Chinese.
Conclusion: Our study emphasizes the necessity of establishing official GWG guideline for Chinese twin pregnancies, and regional-specific guidelines may need to be considered.
Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome among the females of Azad Kashmir and Pakistan and its explicating factors
Authors: din Ghayyas ud , Zahid Khadija , Aijaz Dania , Tariq Zahra , Qadeer Muhammad Imran , Alam Naila , Hisham Kinza , Naveed Tahir , Khan Ahmed Raza , Haleema Sadia , Noor Aimen , Arif Mehwish , Irfan Muhammad , ALI Zain 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a prevalent health concern with multifaceted physical and emotional symptoms occurring during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. PMS significantly affects women's well-being, impacting daily life and occupational productivity.
Objective
The main objective was to determine the prevalence of PMS and awareness levels among females in Azad Kashmir and Pakistan, focusing on physical and physiological factors associated with the condition.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted, gathering 1086 responses from menstruating women. An adapted PMS scale was employed, and data analysis was performed using SPSS version 21. Correlation, chi-square, T-test, ANCOVA, and regression analyses were utilized.
Results
The study revealed that 12.9% and 38.7% of females were unaware of menstruation and PMS, respectively. PMS was prevalent among 27.1% of participants, while only 16.8% reported consulting a doctor during emergencies. Significant relationships were observed between PMS and diverse anthropometric and physiological factors, encompassing weight, parity, blood group, marital status, monthly income, routine activities, mental affect, communication regarding PMS, medical consultation, as well as symptoms of pain and autonomic reactions.
Conclusion
The study elucidates a significant lack of awareness regarding menstruation and PMS among women in Azad Kashmir and Pakistan. Urgent implementation of targeted awareness campaigns is warranted to educate women about PMS and enhance their health literacy and well-being.
An outbreak of scabies in a fishing community in Hoima District, Uganda, February−June, 2022
Authors: Akunzirwe Rebecca , Agaba Brian , Kizito Saudah Namubiru , Bulage Lilian , Kwesiga Benon , Migisha Richard , Majwala Robert Kaos , Kawungezi Peter Chris , Zalwango Jane Frances , Kadobera Daniel , Ario Alex Riolexus 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Scabies, an infectious parasitic disease, is endemic in most resource-poor tropical areas, including Uganda. On May 21, 2022, the Ugandan Ministry of Health was notified of >1,000 cases of scabies in Hoima District. We investigated to assess the scope of the outbreak, identify associated factors, and recommend interventions.
Methods: We defined a suspected scabies case as the onset of an itchy pimple-like skin rash or crusting from January 2021 to July 2022 in a resident of Hoima District. We reviewed medical records, performed active community case-finding, and computed attack rates by age, sex, and village per 1,000 population. Using logistic regression, we compared exposures among 101 case persons and 99 unmatched controls living in Rwentale Landing Site in Hoima during June 2022.
Results: We line listed 2,236 suspected cases in Hoima District. Children aged 5–14 years were more affected (AR=64/1,000) than persons aged ≥15 years (AR=8/1,000) (p<0.001). Males (AR=27/1,000) were more affected than females (AR=15/1,000) (p<0.001). Of the 54 affected villages, Rwentale Village had the highest attack rate (AR=233/1,000 population). Rwentale Village includes a fishing area known as Rwentale Landing Site where 1,119 (50%) cases in Hoima District were identified. At this landing site, cases began in April 2022 shortly after the end of the peak fishing and trading season. Being aged 5–14 years (AOR=4.9, 95%CI: 2.0–12), being male (AOR=2.4, 95%CI 1.1–5.1), living with another case (AOR=3.1, 95%CI: 1.5–6.2), and sharing three or more personal care items (towel, beddings, clothes, or sponges) (AOR=2.2, 95%CI: 1.1–4.6) were associated with scabies.
Conclusion: This scabies outbreak was likely initiated by person-to-person interactions during peak fishing and trading months at a landing site and propagated by close household interactions. Community sensitization on scabies, especially before fishing and trading seasons is recommended for prevention and early control of scabies in the region. Additionally, establishing a surveillance system for scabies, in high-risk areas such as fishing communities may facilitate timely detection and control of future outbreaks.
The management of pain and anxiety using virtual reality during the care of elderly hospitalized patients: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Corbel Camille , Cerf Flora Le , Capriz Françoise , Vaillant-Ciszewicz Anne-Julie , Breaud Jean , Guérin Olivier , Corveleyn Xavier 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: The medical environment can generate stressful and anxiety-provoking situations for patients, particularly during painful care procedures for the older population. These stressful environments have deleterious effects on the quality of care and can even put the patient at risk and set the care team up for failure. The search for a solution is therefore imperative. The development of new technologies such as virtual reality (VR) seems to be an answer to this problem. The objective of this study is to compare the effects of virtual reality on pain and anxiety when caring for elderly hospitalized people, with the effects of usual care. More precisely, different individual factors (age, cognitive level, individual preferences, etc.) and different virtual reality universes (personalized or non-personalized) will be studied to understand the role of these factors in reducing pain and anxiety during care procedures. The aim of this study is to improve the quality of life of patients and caregivers in their work environment.
Method: This mono-centered, randomized, controlled study will be conducted on 120 participants recruited from the geriatric departments of the Cimiez Hospital, Nice, France. Participants will be randomized into three groups: control group, personalized VR group and non-personalized VR group. Each participant will be followed during a painful care session, and pain and anxiety assessments will be performed before, during and immediately after the care session. Physiological assessments with an oximeter will also be performed to collect heart rate and respiratory rate measurements. Statistical analyses will allow us to compare the effects of the VR conditions with the control condition and we will also analyze the effects of a personalized VR environment versus a non-personalized environment.
Discussion: This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a personalized and non-personalized virtual reality intervention in relieving pain and anxiety among older hospitalized individuals and compare it with standard care. Finally, the experiences of healthcare professionals involved will also be considered to assess the impact of these interventions on working conditions and patient support.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05759026. Registered on March 8, 2023.
Development of machine learning models for predicting acute respiratory distress syndrome：evidence from the MIMIC-III and MIMIC-IV
Authors: Yang MingKun , Hu WeiHang , Yan Jing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a prevalent condition in the ICU with a mortality rate of 27% to 45%. Despite the Berlin definition being the current diagnostic standard, it has significant limitations. This study aims to establish and validate a novel machine learning-based prediction model for ARDS in ICU patients.
Methods
The data of suspected ARDS patients was extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-III and MIMIC-IV databases. Ten-fold cross-validation was employed, utilizing machine learning algorithms such as K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), Decision Tree Classifier (DTC), random forest (RF), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), light gradient boosting (LightGB), and categorical boosting (CatBoost) and logistic regression (LR) for model construction. Finally, the performance of these models was evaluated based on metrics including area under the ROC curve, calibration curve, and clinical decision curve.
Results
A total of 2,852 patients who met the exclusion criteria were included in the final study, of which 2078 patients developed ARDS.We established scoring models, such as LR, KNN, SVM, DTC, RF, XGBoost, LightGB, and CatBoost. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values for each model were as follows: LR - 0.664, KNN - 0.692, SVM - 0.567, DTC - 0.709, RF - 0.732, XGBoost - 0.793, LightGB - 0.793, and CatBoost - 0.817. Notably, CatBoost exhibited superior predictive performance in discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability compared to all other models.
Conclusions
The application of machine learning models has showcased their robustness in predicting ARDS. Notably, the CatBoost algorithm emerges as the most promising in terms of predictive performance.
The Impact of Digital Healthcare and Teledentistry on Dentistry in the 21st Century: A Survey of Hungarian Dentists
Authors: Németh Orsolya , Uhrin Eszter , Girasek Edmond , Boros Julianna , Győrffy Zsuzsa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background The era of digitalization has arrived at the field of dentistry. Teledentistry (TD), dealing with digital solutions in dentistry, is already used in practice; however, not every possibility is considered. In addition to digital workflows, patient communication, AI and online forums are available. Additionally, during the pandemic, remote patient monitoring and patient communication had to be solved with TD tools, thus causing a rapid spread of new tools. Methods A newly developed online survey was in a self-filling form. The Hungarian Medical Chamber contacted the respondents in a newsletter or e-mail. The Evasys survey system was used. The weighting procedure was executed by gender, age group, and type of settlement. A digital dental index variable was created and built with a linear regression model as a dependent variable. Explanatory variables are advantages, disadvantages, what would be necessary, experienced need from the patients and age. Results A total of 171 dentists completed the survey. The most well-known digital technologies are online conferences (96.5%), E-prescriptions (94.6%) and digital impressions (86.0%). Unawareness is the highest in the field of artificial intelligence in dentistry (50.5%), store-forward solutions (43.5%) and real-time solutions (41.8%). The digital dental index is 14.24 (standard deviation (SD) = 5.5) with a high power of the model. Conclusion Hungarian dentists are not aware of all the possibilities of TD. In addition to digital workflows, store-forward and real-time solutions can be beneficial to substitute face-to-face visits. TD can be used effectively to monitor changes in the oral cavity and to develop dental confidence and proper oral care habits. Our survey suggests that it is necessary and inevitable to integrate TD into both graduate and postgraduate education, which may form the basis of basic health care in the next decade.
Ten-year outcomes of intravitreal injection of ranibizumab for the treatment of myopic choroidal neovascularization: a retrospective study
Authors: Shih Lu-Yang , Kung Ya-Hsin , Wu Tsung-Tien 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the 10-year outcomes and efficacy of intravitreal injection (IVI) of ranibizumab for treatment of myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV).
Methods
This retrospective study included 12 consecutive eyes with myopic CNV treated with ranibizumab with a minimum 10-year follow-up. The primary outcome was the mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). The secondary outcomes were Snellen line visual acuity distribution, number of IVIs, and changes in areas of chorioretinal patchy atrophy.
Results
The mean number of IVIs was 4.92 ± 5.93 (range, 1–23). The mean BCVA at baseline was 0.49 ± 0.54 logMAR; it improved to 0.29 ± 0.38 (P = 0.017), 0.40 ± 0.39 (P = 0.186), 0.32 ± 0.41 (P = 0.087), 0.40 ± 0.36 (P = 0.344), 0.45 ± 0.51 (P = 0.817) logMAR at 1, 3, 5, 7, and 10 years, respectively. At baseline and 10 years, 83.33% and 8.3% eyes had a BCVA of 6/60 or worse, while 58.33% and 50% eyes had a BCVA of 6/12 or better, respectively. The 3-month loading protocol was significantly associated with a Snellen visual acuity gain of > 3 lines at 5 years (P = 0.035); however, the association was lost at 10 years (P = 0.371). Patchy atrophy increased in five eyes (41.67%) after 10 years.
Conclusion
IVIs of ranibizumab are safe and effective for CNV secondary to pathological myopia.