bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women living with and beyond breast cancer: a qualitative study of women’s experiences and how they varied by social determinants of health
Authors: Myers Charlotte , Waldron Catherine , Bennett Kathleen , Cahir Caitriona 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study is to explore the general impact of COVID-19 on the access and use of BC services and support and overall well-being in women living with a diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) and to investigate how these experiences varied by the social determinants of health (SDH).
Methods
Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with women selected through stratified purposive sampling to ensure data were available on information-rich cases. Interviews were conducted in early 2021 during government restrictions due to COVID-19. Thematic analysis was conducted to obtain overall experience and variation of experience based on SDH.
Results
Thirty seven women participated in interviews. Three major themes, with additional subthemes, emerged from analysis: 1. breast cancer services (screening, active treatment, and routine care); 2. breast cancer support and communication (continuity of care, role of liaison, and support services); and 3. quality of life (QoL) and well-being (emotional well-being; social well-being; and functional well-being). Women’s experiences within the themes varied by socio-economic status (SES) and region of residence (urban/rural) specifically for BC services and support.
Conclusion
The pandemic impacted women living with and beyond BC, but the impact has not been the same for all women. This study highlights areas for improvement in the context of BC care in Ireland and the findings will inform further policy and practice, including standardized BC services, improved communication, and enhancement of cancer support services.
Generation of DNA Oligomers with Similar Chemical Kinetics via In-Silico Optimization
Authors: Tobiason Michael , Yurke Bernard , Hughes William 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Networks of interacting DNA oligomers are useful for applications such as biomarker detection, targeted drug delivery, information storage, and photonic information processing. However, differences in the chemical kinetics of hybridization reactions, referred to as kinetic dispersion, can be problematic for certain applications. Here, it is found that controlling known factors is sufficient to mitigate most kinetic dispersion. Eliminating complementary base-sequences which are not part of the desired hybridization reaction, referred to as unnecessary duplexes, is key to achieving exceptionally low kinetic dispersions. An analysis of existing experimental data indicates that unnecessary duplexes explain up to 94% of previously reported kinetic dispersion. Nearly all networks are found to contain unnecessary duplexes substantial enough to affect hybridization kinetics. New networks are generated using in-silico optimization, reducing in-vitro kinetic dispersion up to 86%. Limitations of the generation method are tested by creating oligomers for three previously programmed reactions and one previously engineered structure.
The impact of clinical placement site, community clinic versus tertiary hospital, on midwifery students' clinical learning experience in Sierra Leone: A cohort study
Authors: Mann Julie , Brooks Meredith B. , Sonnie Mustapha , Kella Frederica , Euller Laura , Adelman Sara , de Water Brittney van 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Many factors influence midwifery students’ clinical learning experience (CLE); however, little is known about the impact the type of clinical placement site - either clinic or hospital - has on a student’s experience.
Methods: The aim of this study was to examine how clinical placement site, clinic or hospital, impacts students’ CLE in Sierra Leone. A 34-question survey was given to midwifery students attending one of four public midwifery schools in Sierra Leone. Median scores were compared for survey items by placement site using Wilcoxon tests and the relationship between clinical placement and student’s experience were assessed using multilevel logistic regression.
Results: Two-hundred students (hospitals students = 145 (72.5%); clinic students = 55 (27.5%) across Sierra Leone completed surveys. Most students (76%, n=151) reported satisfaction with their clinical placement. Students placed at clinics were more satisfied with opportunities to practice/develop skills (p=0.007) and more strongly agreed preceptors treated them with respect (p=0.001), helped improve their skills (p=0.001), provided a safe environment to ask questions (p=0.002), and had stronger teaching/mentorship skills (p=0.009) than hospital students.
Students placed at hospitals had greater satisfaction in exposure to certain clinical opportunities including completing partographs (p<0.001); perineal suturing (p<0.001); drug calculations/administration (p<0.001) and estimation of blood loss (p=0.004) compared to clinic students.
The odds of students spending more than 4 hours per day in direct clinical care were 5.841 (95% CI: 2.187-15.602) times higher for clinic students versus hospital students. There was no difference between clinical placement site in regards to number of births students attended (OR 0.903; 95% CI: 0.399, 2.047) or number of births students managed without a preceptor/clinician present (OR 0.729; 95% CI: 0.285, 1.867).
Conclusion: The clinical placement site, hospital or clinic, impacts midwifery students’ CLE. Clinics offered students significantly greater attributes of a supportive learning environment and access to direct, hands-on opportunities for patient care. These findings may be helpful for schools when using limited resources to improve the quality of midwifery education.
Trial registration: N/A
Development and validation of the Post-Pandemic Fear of Viral Disease scale and its relationship with general anxiety disorder: A cross-sectional survey from Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Qaisar Khalid , Jalil Aisha , Farooq Muhammad , Akbar Muhammad Siddique , Fischer Florian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Given the worldwide reach of COVID-19, media coverage has amplified the psychological and social effects of this pandemic causing a widespread fear. Despite substantial research on the short-term psychological impact of COVID-19, its long-term consequences on mental health remain relatively unexplored. This research aims (i) to develop and validate a Post-Pandemic Fear of Viral Disease (PPFVD) scale and (ii) to investigate the presence of fear of viral diseases and its association with general anxiety disorder among the Pakistani population.
Methods: A cross-sectional online-based survey was conducted with 457 respondents in August and September 2022. We adopted the modified fear of coronavirus scale (FCV-19S) consisting of seven items and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) questionnaire to measure anxiety disorder. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied using the maximum likelihood estimation method. Scale dimensions and item reliability were tested for their validity and goodness of fit. SPSS and AMOS were used for data management and analyses.
Results: All inter-item correlations were found to be significant and ranged between 0.30 and 0.70. The value of Cronbach’s alpha was 0.887, indicating good reliability. Corrected item-total correlations ranged between 0.632 and 0.754. Factor loadings ranged from 0.664 to 0.810, indicating a good internal consistency. Overall, these results clearly demonstrate that the one-factor solution model for PPFVD presents a good fit to the data. The composite reliability (CR=0.747) was also good.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the mental health of people globally. This measurement scale can be trusted and used to test the PPFVD in the post-pandemic situation. Prospective research might validate this instrument in newly emerging scenarios and test it with diverse ethnic groups.
A Huffman Code LSB based Image Steganography Technique Using Multi-Level Encryption and Achromatic Component of an image
Authors: RAHMAN SHAHID , UDDIN JAMAL , HUSSAIN HAMEED , AHMED AFTAB , KHAN AYAZ ALI , ZAKARYA MUHAMMAD , RAHMAN AFZAL , HALEEM MUHAMMAD 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is essential in the field of cover steganography to track down a mechanism for concealing data by utilizing different blends of compression strategies. Amplifying the payload limit, robust, and working on the visual quality is the essential factors of this research to make a reliable mechanism. We can’t compromise on image quality up to a confident flat because it halts the concepts of cover steganography while the maximum embedding limit is also the main factor that makes the technique more efficient. So, Image steganography is the state of art method that hides a data inside any cover mediums such as images, videos, texts, audios etc. Steganography is the specialty of implanting a mystery message so that nobody can think of it or no unaided eye can identify it. There is no information on the current information inside the cover object in the wake of encrypting. In the recent couple of years, due to the achievement of accelerated popularity of the internet, various organizations such as government offices, military, private companies etc. use different transferring methods for exchanging their information. The internet has various benefits and a few demerits. The primary bad mark is protection and security and information transmission over an unreliable network. Different cover steganography research strategies have been recommended as of late yet, and each adores its benefits and impediments but, there is the need to foster some better cover steganography implements to accomplish dependability between the essential model of cover steganography. To handle these issues, this paper proposed a future method in view of Huffman code, Least Significant Bits (LSB) based cover steganography utilizing Multi-Level Encryption (MLE) and colorless part (HC-LSBIS-MLE-AC) of the picture. It also used different substitution and flicking concept, MLE, Magic matrix, and achromatic concepts for proving the proficiency, and significance of the method. The suggested method used an encrypted algorithm to upheld the appearances of the image. The algorithm also statistically investigated based on some Statistical Assessment Metrics (SAM) such as Mean Square Error (MSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC), Structural Similarity Index Metric (SSIM) etc. and different perspectives. The observational outcomes show the likelihood of the proposed algorithm and the capacity to give unwavering quality between security, payload, perception, computation, and temper protection.
Machine learning pipeline for blood culture outcome prediction using Sysmex XN-2000 blood sample results in Western Australia
Authors: McFadden Benjamin , Inglis Timothy , Reynolds Mark 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are a significant burden on the global population and represent a key area of focus in the hospital environment. Blood culture (BC) testing is the standard diagnostic test utilised to confirm thepresence of a BSI. However, current BC testing practices result in low positive yields and overuse of the diagnostic test. Diagnostic stewardship research regarding BC testing is increasing, and becoming more important to reduce unnecessary resource expenditure and antimicrobial use, especially as antimicrobial resistance continues to rise. This study aims to establish a machine learning (ML) pipeline for BC outcome prediction using data obtained from routinely analysed blood samples, including complete blood count (CBC), white blood cell differential (DIFF), and cell population data (CPD) produced by Sysmex XN-2000 analysers.
Methods: ML models were trained using retrospective data produced between 2018 and 2019, from patients at Sir Charles Gairdner hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, and processed at Pathwest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands. Trained ML models were evaluated using 10-fold cross validation.
Results: Two ML models, an XGBoost model using CBC/DIFF/CPD features with boruta feature selection (BFS) , and a random forest model trained using CBC/DIFF features with BFS were selected for further validation after obtaining AUC scores of 0.76 ± 0.04 and 0.75 ± 0.04 respectively using 10-fold crossvalidation. The XGBoost model obtained an AUC score of 0.76 on a internal validation set. The random forest model obtained AUC scores of 0.82 and 0.76 on internal and external validation datasets respectively.
Conclusions: We have demonstrated the utility of using an ML pipeline combined with CBC/DIFF, and CBC/DIFF/CPD feature spaces for BC outcome prediction. This builds on the growing body of research in the area of BC outcome prediction, and provides opportunity for further research.
Flow signatures and catchment’s attributes for HCA clustering in a hydrologic similarity assessment (Tunisian case)
Authors: Chérif Rim , Gargouri-Ellouze Emna 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Partitioning methods such as cluster analysis are advantageous in pooling catchments into hydrometric similar regions. However, these study cases are always infrequent in Sud Mediterranean zones and remain under-represented in international publications. This paper illustrates a Tunisian application case, which aims to pool catchments with hierarchical clustering method based on distances calculated in multidimensional physiographical and hydrometric space. Homogeneity of generated clusters is checked by Silhouette index. Current study considers nineteen Tunisian catchments, in a semi-arid climate observed since 1992. Areas and annual average rainfall respectively vary in [1–10 km2 ] and [280–500 mm] ranges. Twelve physiographical attributes and nine rainfall and streamflow signatures are considered in hierarchical partitioning procedure with two clusters. Correlation distance provides the most homogeneous clusters. Statistics demonstrate that: percentage of area affected by anti-erosive practices, percentage of forest cover and catchment’s area are the most discriminant attributes. However, hydrometrical signatures appear to be not relevant. This partitioning highlight two different hydrological behaviors which must be in support of forecasting. Results are promising as a Sud Mediterranean case, where the shortage of hydrometrical data is an occurring problem. They have the advantageous of enabling hydrologic forecasting without need of heavy information.
Acute uveitis caused by abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism: A case report
Authors: Bi Zhaojing , Liang Yan , Liu Shujun , Li Yuanbin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This report describes a rare case of acute uveitis with severe anterior chamber inflammation due to abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism.
Case presentation: A 31-year-old male patient complained of redness in the right eye with decreased visual acuity for 3 days. Ocular examination revealed a milky white clouding of the right anterior chamber of the eye. Two clusters of yellowish-white exudates were visible on the surface of the iris in the upper nasal and temporal areas in addition to elevated intraocular pressure. He had a previous diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Laboratory tests suggested hyperlipidemia and ketoacidosis. After admission, topical glucocorticoids, mydriasis, and intraocular pressure-lowering drugs combined with hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering therapy and fluid replacement therapy were given immediately. After 10 days of treatment, the uveitis and systemic condition of the right eye were effectively controlled and improved.
Conclusion: Abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism leads to impairment of the blood-aqueous barrier, which causes a severe uveitis response in the anterior chamber. After the use of topical steroids and mydriatic eye drops combined with systemic hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering interventions, the condition was significantly relieved.
Australian secondary school principals’, parents’, and students’ attitudes to prescribed school footwear guidelines.
Authors: Mazzella Natalie , Fox Aaron , Saunders Natalie , Trowell Danielle , Vicenzino Bill , Bonacci Jason 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Adolescents are often required to wear footwear that adheres to uniform guidelines at secondary school. There is a paucity of literature on factors influencing school footwear choice and what drives the development of school footwear guidelines. The aims of this study were to describe (i) current school footwear guidelines in secondary schools across Australia, (ii) factors that influence footwear choice in secondary school students and their parents, and (iii) principals, parents, and students’ beliefs on factors which contribute to school footwear guidelines.
Methods
An online survey was distributed to principals, secondary school students (aged 14–19 years) and their parents across Australia. The survey included questions on current school footwear guidelines, factors influencing footwear choice (for students and parents), participants beliefs on the effect footwear has on musculoskeletal health, current and previous lower limb pain, and beliefs on factors that contribute to school footwear guidelines. Parent and student responses to factors that influence their footwear choice were compared using proportional odds logistic regression. Students and parents’ responses to factors influencing footwear guidelines were compared to principal responses using proportional odds logistic regression. Significance was set at an alpha of < 0.05.
Results
80 principals, 153 parents and 120 secondary school students responded to the survey. 96% (77/80) of principals reported that their schools have set guidelines for school footwear. 88% of principals considered comfort to be important when developing school footwear guidelines, though parents and students were 3.4 and 4.9 times more likely than principals to rate comfort as having lower importance in the development of guidelines. More than 40% of students reported experiencing musculoskeletal pain, and 70% of these students reported the pain to be exacerbated when in their school shoes. Less than a third of participants considered healthcare recommendations important to the development of footwear guidelines.
Conclusions
Nearly all principals that participated in this survey had set guidelines for school footwear. There is a discord between parents, students, and principals on the importance that factors such as comfort, play in the development of school footwear guidelines.
Maintaining ecological stability for the sustainable economic yield of multispecies fisheries in complex food webs
Authors: Werner Alexandra S , Hirt Myriam , Ryser Remo , Lancker Kira , Albert Georg , Quaas Martin , Gauzens Benoit , Brose Ulrich 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Overfishing to feed the world's growing population is depleting fish stocks. As these species are embedded in complex food webs, single-species management plans must be replaced with models integrating multispecies fisheries, economic market feedbacks, and fisher behaviour into complex ecological interaction networks to promote sustainable resource use. Here, we integrate three open-access fisheries in a dynamic model of complex food webs and find that selectively choosing similar species is more beneficial than harvesting species balanced across different network positions. Targeting low or high trophic levels risks reducing basal biomass or unchaining trophic cascades, respectively, undermining first ecological stability (biodiversity and biomass) and then economic sustainability (catch and revenue). A sustainable solution with high economic gain and low ecological impact arises when similar mid-trophic level species are caught. Our study demonstrates the importance of complex system analyses to balance ecological stability and multispecies fisheries to achieve a sustainable global food supply.
Use of the forgotten joint score (FJS)-12 to evaluate knee awareness after quadriceps tendon reconstruction
Authors: Sava Manuel P. , Schelker Benjamin L. , Khan Zainab A. , Amsler Felix , Hirschmann Michael Tobias 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Quadriceps tendon rupture (QTR) is a severe injury of the knee extensor apparatus. The study aims to validate the use of forgotten joint score (FJS-12) for QTR and assess the mid- to long-term functional outcome after surgical treatment of QTR.
Methods
Fifty-seven patients who underwent surgery for QTR with transosseous suture reconstruction in a single orthopaedic surgery and traumatology center between 2015 and 2020 were eligible for enrolment in this retrospective case series. The demographic data and other pre-operative details such as age, gender, comorbidities and medication use also were extracted from the medical records. Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) were gathered in the form of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index Score (WOMAC), Tegner Activity Score (TAS), Lysholm Score and FJS-12 at mid to long-term postoperative time interval. The FJS-12 was validated by correlation with WOMAC, TAS and Lysholm Score.
Results
The mean age of all patients were 69.2 ± 13.6 years with 51 (89.5%) males and 6 (10.5%) females. The mean time from injury to surgery was 3.39 ± 5.46 days. All patients reported satisfactory functional outcomes after surgery on FJS-12, WOMAC and Lysholm scores, except the TAS, which decreased slightly from pre-operative level. There was a high negative correlation between WOMAC and FJS-12, but moderate positive correlations between FJS-12 and TAS and Lysholm scores. The Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.96 for 12 items in FJS-12.
Conclusion
This study has found that FJS-12 is a reliable and easy to assess tool for functional outcomes after QTR reconstruction. It has shown moderate to strong correlation with other commonly used outcome measures (WOMAC, TAS and Lysholm). Furthermore, patients who underwent transosseous QT suture reconstruction have reported good mid- to long-term outcomes.
How individual factors intervene in the expression of cognitive abilities in a virtual immersive task: a validation study of the Virtual Reality Action Test
Authors: Palombi Tommaso , Galli Federica , Giancamilli Francesco , D’Amico Monica , Alivernini Fabio , Gallo Luigi , Neroni Pietro , Predazzi Marco , De Pietro Giuseppe , Lucidi Fabio , Giordano Antonio , Chirico Andrea 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There is a raised interest in literature to use Virtual Reality (VR) technology as an assessment tool for cognitive domains. One of the essential advantages of transforming tests in an immersive virtual environment is the possibility of automatically calculating the test's score, a time-consuming process under natural conditions. Although the characteristics of VR can deliver different degrees of immersion in a virtual environment, the sense of presence could jeopardize the evolution of these practices. The sense of presence results from a complex interaction between human factors and the proprieties of VR devices. The present study has two aims: firstly, it contributes to the validation of a virtual version of the Naturalistic Action Test (i.e., Virtual Reality Action Test); second, it aims to evaluate the role of sense of presence as a critical booster of the expression of cognitive abilities during virtual reality tasks. The study relies on healthy adults tested in virtual and real conditions in a cross-over research design. The study's results support the validity of the Virtual Reality Action Test. Furthermore, two structural equation models are tested to comprehend the role of sense of presence as a moderator in the relationship between cognitive abilities and virtual task performance.