bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship Between Vitamin D Level and Index of Cardio
Electrophysiological Balance in Children
Authors: Guzelcicek Ahmet , Kilinc Emrullah , Fedai Halil , Dedeoglu Necip Fazıl , Toprak Kenan , Tascanov Mustafa Begenc , Ocak Metin , Gungorer Bülent , Kose Dogan 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Vitamin D deficiency has been found to be associated with various cardiovascular
disorders, including hypertension, coronary artery disease, heart failure, peripheral vascular
diseases, and sudden cardiac death. In the literature, it has been reported that many electrocardiographic
parameters have been developed to predict ventricular arrhythmias. In recent studies,
it is noteworthy that the index of cardio-electrophysiological balance (iCEB) and correct cardioelectrophysiological
balance (iCEBc), which are electrocardiographic parameters, can be used as
new, easy, cheap and non-invasive parameters to predict ventricular arrhythmias.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and iCEB
and iCEBc values in children.

Methods:
A total of 186 patients were included in this study. Group 1 included 114 patients with vitamin
D levels below 20 ng/ml; 50 patients with vitamin D levels of 21-29 ng/ml were included in Group 2;
Group 3 consisted of 36 patients with a vitamin D level above 30 ng/ml. iCEB and iCEBc values were
calculated by taking 12-lead ECG from all individuals and comparing them between groups.

Results:
A total of 186 children, 114 subjects in Group 1, 36 subjects in Group 2, and 36 subjects in
Group 3, were included in the study. Demographic characteristics and height-weight values of the groups
were similar. Significant differences were found between the groups in terms of QT, QTc, QT/QRS, and
QTc/QRS levels (p: 0.003, 0.028, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively). In the correlation analysis, a negative
correlation was found between QTc/QRS and vitamin D level (r=-0.320, p=<0.001) and between
QT/QRS and vitamin D level (r=-0.268, p=<0.001). Moreover, vitamin D level (β=0.389, p<0.001) was
determined as an independent predictor of QTc/QRS in multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Conclusion:
iCEB and iCEBc parameters increase significantly in children with low vitamin D
levels. These parameters are also evaluated during the follow-up of children with vitamin D deficiency
in terms of the risk of ventricular arrhythmia. iCEBc can be used as an easy, inexpensive,
non-invasive, and reproducible parameter.
Identifying the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Astragalus Polysaccharides in
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis: Network Pharmacology
and Experimental Validation
Authors: Lu Yuling , Wu Ying , Sun Lanfeng , Yang Shengyu , Kuang Huimin , Li Rida , Meng Youshi , Wu Yuan 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), a group of bioactive compounds obtained
from the natural source Astragalus membranaceus (AM), exhibits numerous pharmacological
actions in the central nervous system, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory
properties. Despite the remarkable benefits, the effectiveness of APS in treating anti-
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis and the corresponding mechanism have yet
to be fully understood. As such, this study aims to investigate the impact of APS on anti-NMDAR
encephalitis and explore the potential molecular network mechanism.

Methods:
The impact of APS intervention on mice with anti-NMDAR encephalitis was assessed,
and the possible molecular network mechanism was investigated utilizing network pharmacology
and bioinformatics techniques such as Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and
Genomes (KEGG),protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, and molecular docking. Enzymelinked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the expression of core target proteins.

Results:
APS significantly ameliorated cognitive impairment and reduced susceptibility to PTZinduced
seizures in mice with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, confirming the beneficial effect of APS
on anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Seventeen intersecting genes were identified between APS and anti-
NMDAR encephalitis. GO and KEGG analyses revealed the characteristics of the intersecting gene
networks. STRING interaction in the PPI network was applied to find crucial molecules. The results
of molecular docking suggested that APS may regulate interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis
factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as potential targets in anti-NMDAR encephalitis. Furthermore,
the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α detected by ELISA in anti-NMDAR encephalitis
mice were significantly downregulated in response to the administration of APS.

Conclusion:
The findings of this study demonstrate the significant role of APS in the treatment of
anti-NMDAR encephalitis, as it effectively suppresses inflammatory cytokines. These results suggest
that APS has the potential to be considered as a viable herbal medication for the treatment of
anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Neuroprotective Effect of Lithospermum officinale Callus Extract on
Inflamed Primary Microglial Cells
Authors: Kheyrollah Maryam , Farhadpour Mohsen , Sabouni Farzaneh , Haghbeen Kamahldin 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Plants that have therapeutic features for humans or animals are commonly
referred to as "medicinal plants". They produce secondary metabolites with antioxidant, antimicrobial
and/or anti-cancer effects. Lithospermum officinale, known as European stone seed, is a
famous medicinal herb. However, due to the pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PzAl) in the root extract of
L.officinal, there are therapeutic limitations to this herb.

Objective:
This research was devoted to the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory capacity of methanolic
extracts of L. officinale callus (LoE) (fresh cells) on rat microglial cells, the immune cells of
the Central Nervous System, which play an essential role in the responses to neuroinflammation.

Methods:
Primary microglia were obtained from neonatal Wistar rats (1 to 3-days old), and then
treated with various concentration of CfA and methanolic extracts of 17 and 31-day-old L. officinale
callus before LPS-stimulation. In addition to HPLC analysis of the extracts, viability, nitric
oxide production, and evaluation of pro-inflammatory genes and cytokines in the inflamed microglia
were investigated by MTT, Griess methos, qrt-PCR, and ELISA.

Results:
Methanolic extract of the 17-day-old callus of L. officinale exhibited anti-inflammatory
effects on LPS-stimulated microglial cells much higher than observed for CfA. The data were
further supported by the decreased expression of Nos2, Tnf-α, and Cox-2 mRNA and the suppression
of TNF-α and IL-1β release in the activated microglial cells pretreated with the effective dose
of LoE (0.8 mg mL-1).

Conclusion:
It was assumed that the better anti-neuroinflammatory performance of LoE than CfA
in LPS-activated primary microglia could be a result of the synergism of the components of the
extract and the lipophilic nature of RsA as the main phenolic acid of LoE. Considering that LoE
shows a high antioxidant capacity and lacks PzAl, it is anticipated that LoE extract might be considered
a reliable substitute to play a key role in the preparation of neuroprotective pharmaceutical
formulas, which require in vivo research and further experiments.
Sex-Specific Variations in Vitamin D and Vitamin D Binding Protein
(Vdbp) and Flipped Pattern of their Association in Preeclamptic Women
with Dyslipidemia
Authors: Simmi Kharb , Chetna Bhatotiya , Smiti Nanda , Gurpreet Gill 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Women with preeclampsia frequently have disorders of calcium metabolism during their pregnancies, including hypocalciuria and low vitamin D levels. The link between fetal sex and vitamin D and vitamin D binding protein levels in pregnancy and preeclampsia is not clear.

Aim:
Present study was designed to explore sex-specific variations in vitamin D and vitamin D bind-ing protein levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood samples for age and gestation matched 20 primigravida normotensive and 20 primigravida with preeclampsia with a singleton pregnancy.

Methods:
Routine investigations, vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), and serum vitamin D in both maternal serum and cord blood were measured in both groups. Association between maternal and cord blood vitamin D levels was highly positive in both cases and control with babies of either sex.

Results:
This association exhibited sexual dimorphism between cord blood vitamin D and vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) suggesting that the occurrence of pregnancy complications differs according to fetal sex with a higher cardiovascular and metabolic load for the mother in the presence of a male fetus.

Conclusion:
Vitamin D binding protein (VDBP) measurement along with vitamin D level should be advised in clinical practice for early detection and screening.
Spousal Postpartum Social Support and Association with Sexual Function and Sexual Quality of Life among Breastfeeding Women
Authors: Bahrami Nasim , Barghamadi Sanaz , Asgari Somayeh , Lissack Kerrie , Griffiths Mark D. , Alimoardi Zainab 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The present study investigated the relationship between spousal support during postpartum period and the sexual function and sexual quality of life among lactating women.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out from October to March 2021 comprising 301 breastfeeding women referred to comprehensive health centers in Qazvin, Iran. The sampling method was
performed in two stages. First, via cluster sampling, ten comprehensive health centers were randomly
selected. Then based on the list of lactating mothers, 31 mothers in each center were randomly selected and invited to complete the survey. The survey included three psychometric instruments (i.e., Postpartum Partner Support Scale [PPSS], Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI] and Sexual Quality of
Life-Female version [SQOL-F]) as well as a reproductive and demographic information questionnaire.
The findings were analyzed using univariable and multivariable regression models at a significance
level of p< 0.05.

Results:
The participants had a mean age of 30.33 years and a mean length of marriage of 7.99 years.
A total of 219 women were exclusively breastfeeding (72.8%), and 82 used a combination of breastfeeding and formula milk to feed their infants (27.2%). The mean (standard deviation) scores in the
postpartum period were 61.34 out of 80 (SD=11.41) on the PPSS, 86.52 out of 108 (SD=19.68) on the
SQOL-F, and 22.78 out of 36 (SD=6.20) on the FSFI. Based on adjusted multivariable regression
models, spousal support in the postpartum period was a significant predictor of sexual quality of life
(β=0.39, p< 0.001) but not a significant predictor of sexual function. Sexual quality of life was a significant predictor of sexual function (β=0.44, p< 0.001).

Conclusion:
Given the importance of spousal support during the postpartum period in relation to sexual quality of life and sexual function, designing and implementing counseling programs based on the
role of spousal support during postpartum sexual life would be helpful.
An Automatic Method Framework for Personalized Knee Prosthetic Modeling
Based on Kinematic Geometry
Authors: Li Pengxi , Liu Hui , Zhang Bocheng , Liu Dongpei , Yang Liang , Liu Bin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
The shape of a knee prosthesis has an important impact on the effect of total knee arthroplasty. Comparing to a standard common prosthesis, the personalized prosthesis has inherent advantages. However, how to construct a personalized knee prosthesis has not been studied deeply. In this paper, we present an automatic method framework of modeling personalized knee prostheses based on shape statistics and kinematic geometry. Firstly, the average healthy knee model is established through an unsupervised process. Secondly, the sTEA (Surgical Transecpicondylar Axis) is calculated, and the average healthy knee model is resized according to it. Thirdly, the resized model is used to simulate the knee's motion in a healthy state. Fourthly, according to the target patient's condition, an excising operation is simulated on both patient's knee model and the resized model to generate an initial knee prosthesis model. Finally, the initial prosthesis model is adjusted according to the simulated motion results. The average maximum error between the resized healthy knee model and the patient's own knee model is less than 2 mm, and the average maximum error between the motion simulation results and actual motion results is less than 3 mm. This framework can generate personalized knee prosthesis models according to the patient's different conditions, which makes up for the deficiencies of standard common prostheses.
Regulatory Effects of the Silymarin on Expression of OCT4, NANOG, and
P53 in MCF7 Cell Lines
Authors: Hajizadeh Mohammad Reza , Ranjbar Faezeh Esmaeili , Abasi Ali , Abbasifard Mitra , Mahmoodi Mehdi , Noroozi-Karimabad Mojgan 
Published: August 2023

Background::
Breast cancer was known as the second most common cause of death in the world, natural sources compound derived from milk thistle called silymarin had already shown anticancer properties.

Objective:
In the present study, silymarin was used to treat MCF7 cells and inhibition of stem cell pluripotency genes, as well as cell proliferation.

Methods:
MCF7 cells were cultured in the presence of RPMI-1640 medium consisting of various silymarin extract concentrations (10, 100, 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 µg/mL) for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The inhibitory effects of the compound on cellular proliferation were assessed via employing MTT assay techniques. Following confirming apoptosis, the fold changes of OCT4, NANOG and P53 expression were determined by quantitative Real-Time PCR.

Results:
There was a significant difference (p value< 0.05) in cell viability when various concentrations of silymarin extract were used for 24, 48, and 72 h in comparison to the control. Real-Time- PCR analysis indicated that the expression of OCT4 and NANOG was downregulated while P53 upregulated in compare to untreated control cells (p value < 0.05).

Conclusion:
According to these findings, the silymarin effects on MCF7 cell line and act via modulating OCT4, NANOG, and P53 pathway mediators. Silymarin may introduce this compound as a promising therapeutic compound against MCF7.
Detection of Brain Tumor Employing Residual Network-based Optimized Deep Learning
Authors: Rohilla Saransh , Jain Shruti 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Diagnosis and treatment planning play a very vital role in improving the
survival of oncological patients. However, there is high variability in the shape, size, and structure
of the tumor, making automatic segmentation difficult. The automatic and accurate detection and
segmentation methods for Brain tumors are proposed in this paper.

Methods:
A modified ResNet50 model was used for tumor detection, and a ResUNetmodel-based
convolutional neural network for segmentation is proposed in this paper. The detection and segmentation
were performed on the same dataset consisting of pre-contrast, FLAIR, and postcontrast
MRI images of 110 patients collected from the cancer imaging archive. Due to the use of
residual networks, the authors observed improvement in evaluation parameters, such as accuracy
for tumor detection and dice similarity coefficient for tumor segmentation.

Results:
The accuracy of tumor detection and dice similarity coefficient achieved by the segmentation
model were 96.77% and 0.893, respectively, for the TCIA dataset. The results were compared
based on manual segmentation and existing segmentation techniques. The tumor mask was
also individually compared to the ground truth using the SSIM value. The proposed detection and
segmentation models were validated on BraTS2015 and BraTS2017 datasets, and the results were
consensus.

Conclusion:
The use of residual networks in both the detection and the segmentation model resulted
in improved accuracy and DSC score. DSC score was increased by 5.9% compared to the
UNet model, and the accuracy of the model was increased from 92% to 96.77% for the test set.
Extraction and Analysis of Lipid Raft Proteins with Detergent-and Non
detergent-based Method
Authors: Chen Yuchu , Liu Hongbei , Michael Adu-Frimpong , Gu Chenlu , Zhao Lu , Tian Sheng , Li Xiu , Cao Xia , Tong Shanshan 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Lipid raft is found on the cell membrane and is considered a microstructure
rich in cholesterol, phospholipids and target proteins that are insoluble in nonionic detergents at low
temperatures.

Methods:
In this study, detergent and non-detergent methods were used to extract lipid rafts from different
cells. With β-cyclodextrin as the negative control group, we analyzed and compared the effects
of different extraction methods on the composition of lipid rafts in Caco-2 and U251 cells using three
kinds of lysate, namely detergent method 1, detergent method 2 and non-detergent method, which
could be extracted and collected via sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Western blotting and
immunofluorescence were utilized to determine the location of lipid rafts via the proteins Caveolin-1
and Flotillin-1, which are the characteristic proteins P-gp and TrkA in cells. The total protein in the
lipid raft was quantitatively determined through the BCA (detergent compatible) kit method.

Results:
The results showed that the total amount of lipid raft proteins extracted via the detergent
method was more than that of the non-detergent method, while the content of β-cyclodextrin control
histone that caused disruption of lipid rafts structure was the lowest.

Conclusion:
The detergent method extracted more abundant lipid rafts than the non-detergent method.
Detergent method 2 did not only extract more fat raft layers, but also the extracted highest total protein
content, wherein it demonstrated better extraction effect with more lipid raft layers and higher expression
of target protein P-gp.
Drug-target Binding Affinity Prediction Based on Three-branched
Multiscale Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Lu Yaoyao , Liu Junkai , Jiang Tengsheng , Cui Zhiming , Wu Hongjie 
Published: August 2023

Background:
New drugs are costly, time-consuming, and often accompanied by safety concerns. With the development of deep learning, computer-aided drug design has become more mainstream, and convolutional neural networks and graph neural networks have been widely used for drug–target affinity (DTA) prediction.

Objective:
The paper proposes a method of predicting DTA using graph convolutional networks and multiscale convolutional neural networks.

Methods:
We construct drug molecules into graph representation vectors and learn feature expressions through graph attention networks and graph convolutional networks. A three-branch convolutional neural network learns the local and global features of protein sequences, and the two feature representations are merged into a regression module to predict the DTA.

Results:
We present a novel model to predict DTA, with a 2.5% improvement in the consistency index and a 21% accuracy improvement in terms of the mean squared error on the Davis dataset compared to DeepDTA. Morever, our method outperformed other mainstream DTA prediction models namely, GANsDTA, WideDTA, GraphDTA and DeepAffinity.

Conclusion:
The results showed that the use of multiscale convolutional neural networks was better than a single-branched convolutional neural network at capturing protein signatures and the use of graphs to express drug molecules yielded better results.
A Short Appraisal of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer: In vitro
and In vivo Research
Authors: Kaur Simranjeet , Singh Dilpreet 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
The increasing incidence of breast cancer and the associated morbidity due to higher metastasis
created the urge to develop a nanocarrier that can be used as a potent therapeutic carrier with targeting
efficacy. The use of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in breast cancer research and treatment has
gained considerable attention in recent years. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) can be used to construct
nanocarriers since they possess superior properties such as superparamagnetism, easy surface functionalization
to attach ligands, and non-immunogenic. MNPs are superior carriers that are used to target
cancer cells without harming the normal cells in the body, which leads to therapeutic efficacy in the
body. Along with their established anticancer potential and enhanced drug concentration at endosomal
pH, the superparamagnetic property of MNPs was further exploited for their applications in reticuloendothelial
uptake, drug delivery, medical imaging, and theranostics applications in breast cancer. Moreover,
the clinical translational of MNPs, along with future prospects and key challenges in vivo, have
been duly presented in the final review. The scientists preferred the ongoing research in MNPs due to
their high biocompatibility and ease of targeting at molecular and cellular levels. The review highlighted
the in vitro and in vivo research and patent supported data for potential use of MNPs for the treatment
of breast cancer.
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms are Related to Blood-biomarkers in Major
Neurocognitive Disorders
Authors: Marques-Aleixo Inês , Sampaio Arnaldina , Bohn Lucimére , Machado Flavia , Barros Duarte , Ribeiro Oscár , Carvalho Joana , Magalhães José 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are highly prevalent among individuals
with major neurocognitive disorders (MNCD). Objective: Here, we characterized blood biomarkers
(metabolic, inflammatory, neurotrophic profiles and total antioxidant), body composition, physical
fitness and quality of life (QoL) in individuals with MNCD according to NPS.

Methods:
The sample comprised 34 older adults (71.4% women; 74.06±6.03 yrs, with MNCD diagnosis) categorized according to 50th percentile [Low (≤12) or High (≥13)] for NPS (Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire). Sociodemographic, clinical data, body composition, anthropometric, cognitive assessment (ADAS-Cog), physical fitness (Senior Fitness Test), QoL (QoLAlzheimer’s Disease scale) were evaluated, and blood samples were collected for biochemical
analysis.

Results:
Low compared to high NPS group showed higher levels of IL-6, IGF-1and neurotrophic zscore (composite of IGF-1, VEGF-1, BDNF). Additionally, low compared to high NPS group have
higher QoL, aerobic fitness and upper body and lower body strength.

Conclusion:
The severity of NPS seems to be related to modified neurotrophic and inflammatory
outcomes, lower physical fitness, and poor QoL. Strategies to counteract NPS development may
preserve the physical and mental health of individuals with MNCD.