bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Problem Based Learning Models with Experimental Scientific Methods and Attitudes Towards Learning Outcomes in Elementary School Students
Authors: Sanjaya I Gede Adi , Pasaribu Marungkil , Ramadhan Achmad 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to describe the differences in student learning outcomes using the Problem Based Learning learning model with the experimental method and the Problem Based Learning model, to describe the differences in the learning outcomes of students who have a high scientific attitude and students who have a low scientific attitude. The research method used is quasi-experimental. The research sample was class IVA which consisted of 23 students as the experimental class and IVB which consisted of 22 students as the control class. Retrieval of data through tests of learning outcomes and scientific attitude questionnaires. The results of the study found differences in student learning outcomes using the Problem Based Learning learning model with the experimental method and the Problem Based Learning model, this is in accordance with the post test scores, namely the experimental class got an average score (75.90) while the control class (62,50). There are differences in high and low scientific attitudes, this corresponds to the average score of high scientific attitudes (82.92), while students with low scientific attitudes have an average score (73.70).
A variational LSTM emulator of sea level contribution from the Antarctic ice sheet
Authors: Katwyk Peter Van , Fox-Kemper Baylor , Seroussi Helene , Nowicki Sophie , Bergen Karianne J 
Published: July 2023

The Antarctic ice sheet will be a dominant contributor to global mean
sea level rise in the 21st century but remains a major source of
uncertainty. The Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison for CMIP6 (ISMIP6) is
an ensemble of continental-scale models for studying the evolution of
the Antarctic Ice Sheet and projecting its future contribution to sea
level. Due to their complexity and computational cost, ISMIP6
simulations are sparse and generated infrequently. Emulators are
smaller-scale models that approximate ice sheet models (ISMs) and enable
experimentation and exploration into the drivers of sea level change. We
introduce a neural network (NN) emulator to approximate the ISMIP6
ensemble, using a variational LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) with Monte
Carlo dropout to quantify single-projection uncertainty. The proposed NN
emulator is compared to a Gaussian Process (GP) emulator on four
criteria: accuracy of point estimates and predictive distributions of
individual model projections, approximation of the ensemble
projections, and model training time. The NN predicts more accurately
on single projections, with a mean absolute error of 0.46 mm Sea Level
Equivalent (SLE) vs. 0.73 mm SLE for the GP, and has more accurate
uncertainty estimates. The NN emulator also better approximates the
ensemble distribution of ISMIP6 model projections, with a
Kullback–Leibler divergence of 18.26 vs. 199.14 for GP at the
projection year 2100. The NN enables more accurate experimentation with
a reduced runtime, offering a new tool for understanding the important
role of regional precipitation, ice sheet drainage systems, and
interannual and longer timescale dynamics.
Diagnostic and prognostic value of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 protein in pediatric viral encephalitis
Authors: Alekseeva L. A. , Skripchenko N. V. , Bessonova T. V. , Gorelik E. Yu. , Skripchenko E. Yu. , Zhirkov A. A. , Zheleznikova G. F. , Monakhova N. E. 
Published: July 2023

Objective – to study the dynamics of the level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S-100 protein in blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid in children with various features of viral encephalitis course and outcome and to define their role in diagnostics and prognosis.Material and methods. 48 children aged from 1 month to 15 years were examined. Analysis of the level of NSE and S-100 protein was performed by the method of hardphase immune-enzyme analysis.Results. A reliable increase of the level of S-100 protein in blood serum was identified in comparison with the control group in both acute and reconvalescence periods. During acute period higher values of NSE in blood serum were found in children with herpesvirus encephalitis of various etiologies in comparison with varicella zoster encephalitis, and during reconvalescence period – higher values of S-100 protein. In case of the most severe course of the disease the level of NSE in cerebrospinal fluid was reliably higher in comparison with patients in severe condition. Children with convulsive syndrome demonstrated higher concentration of NSE in cerebrospinal fluid than patients without convulsions. In case of formation of stable neurologic deficiency during the disease outcome there was identified an increase of NSE concentration in blood serum in comparison with the recovered patients. It was also identified that if the values of NSE were >7.0 ng/ml, it was possible to predict unfavourable outcome of viral encephalitis with sensitivity of 61.54% and specificity of 71.43%. The highest values of neuron-specific proteins in blood serum were found in the dead patient with herpes encephalitis.Conclusion. Analysis of NSE and S-100 protein in pediatric viral encephalitis is characterized by diagnostic and prognostic significance, demonstrates their role in pathogenesis and can be used for therapy correction.
The study of the formation processes and signs of the likelihood of vaccination in priority contingents in various epidemic diseases (sociological research)
Authors: Budnikova E. A. , Kubar O. I. , Iozefovich O. V. , Kharit S. M. 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the study: to determine the development of vaccination against infections associated with contingents in an epidemic crisis.Materials and methods: the method of a sociological survey of future workers and those vaccinated in different epidemic status periods was used: 2019 – the pre-pandemic period and 2020 – the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. A sociological survey was conducted in 2019 among 212 medical workers (130 doctors and 82 nurses) and among 229 medical workers in 2020 (143 doctors and 86 nurses). Parents were also interviewed using a questionnaire. 100 and 50 respondents took part in the survey, respectively.Results: a large number of pregnant workers – 74.3-88.1% are positive about vaccination. However, 6.8% of therapists and 9.6% of nurses of adult health facilities express a wary attitude, there were no negative reactions, unlike in 2019, when the severity of 2.2% of general practitioners and 4.2% of nurses of adult health facilities was negative. The largest number of respondents of all groups among the reasons for refusing to vaccinate is called “information that vaccinations are dangerous” from 76.6% to 88.9% in 20219, from 74.1% to 93.2% in 2020. Among parents, only 34% had a positive attitude towards vaccination, 12% negatively.Conclusions: It is necessary to take prompt measures to increase adherence to vaccination of the main social groups that have a decisive influence on the attitude and effect of vaccination.
Modern concepts of the mechanisms of congenital cytomegalovirus infection development
Authors: Vasil’ev V. V. , Rogozina N. V. , Markin I. V. 
Published: July 2023

The review presents modern information of domestic and foreign authors about possible pathogenetic mechanisms of the virus effect on the fetus in the case of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women. Immunosuppressive changes, which are a feature of the physiological course of pregnancy, create favorable conditions for the development of active cytomegalovirus infection. The virus’s ability to infect a wide range of cells in vivo and trigger a set of molecular mechanisms causes changes in placental cell differentiation, which plays a key role in transplant transmission. The processes of formation of chronic placental insufficiency, which leads to hypoxia of the fetus and to delay of intrauterine development, are separately highlighted. The literary data on non-specific metabolic changes of the mother and placental activation of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL2, IL-6 and IL-8), which occur in cytomegalovirus infection and are of significant importance in formation of hypoxia of the fetus have been analyzed.In addition, the role of individual cells in preventing intrauterine infection is examined, namely the deciduous macrophages with antiviral activity, the deciduous natural killers and their activated toll-like receptors. The article also discusses the genetic predisposition to the development of manifest forms of EID, including the relationship of polymorphism of TLR2 and Arg753Gln genes with an increased risk of intrauterine infection of the fetus CMV.Characteristic properties of the virus are pronounced genetic diversity, the ability to life-long persistence in various human organs and tissues (secretory glands, lymphatic cells, kidneys, etc.) and replication without cell damage, as well as suppressing cellular immunity. The article describes the issues of genotyping of virus and the relationship of some genotypes with certain organ pathology in newborns.
Characteristics, Clinical Manifestations, Length of Hospitalization and Nutritional Status of COVID-19 patients
Authors: Wardani Erika Martining , Nugroho Riezky Faisal , Bistara Difran Nobel , Wijayanti Lono , Nurhasina Siti 
Published: July 2023

Background: The disease that is endemic and has become a global pandemic is COVID-19 due to reports of thousands of cases. The pandemic is weighing on intensive care units with an influx of COVID-19 patients. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 vary, diagnostic examinations and treatment are also experiencing dynamic developments. This study aims to provide an overview of the characteristics, clinical manifestations, length of treatment and nutritional status of COVID-19 patients who are hospitalized in the Isolation Room of Dr Soetomo Hospital Surabaya.Methods: this study used a descriptive analytic cross-sectional method with inclusion criteria that were positive for COVID-19. The research data was obtained from 130 hospital medical records for the period June to August 2021. The collected data was then analyzed using SPSS version 25.Results: The study found that men were more exposed to COVID-19 (71.5%) and 70% of patients worked as medical personnel. The age range of the majority of patients was more than 40 years (78.5%). Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 patients were cough (44.6%), fever (40%), flu-like symptoms (32.3%), painful swallowing (26.2%), anosmia (16.2%), shortness of breath (15.4%), nausea (14.6%), vomiting (13.8%), and diarrhea (0.9%). The average length of stay is 7-14 days (9.2%) with adequate nutritional status (14.6%).Conclusion: The majority of COVID-19 sufferers are male, over 40 years old, with cough symptoms, and the most comorbid hypertension, as well as deaths from hypertension and the elderly. Better treatment is needed for people with COVID-19.
An Examination of Occupational Fraud Committed by Information Technology Professionals
Authors: Dull Richard B. , Rice Marie M. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
To keep up with the demands from increasingly complex systems, information technology (IT) departments have sought IT professionals and frequently provided these individuals with privileged access to organizational systems early in their tenure. This study uses survey data obtained from the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) Research Institute, to examine occupational frauds committed by IT professionals versus frauds committed by non-IT personnel. The differences between IT and non-IT personnel can have an impact on organizational fraud. Findings show that IT perpetrators engage in fraud earlier in their tenure and generate similar losses to their non-IT counterparts but in shorter time frames. Organizational managers and forensic accountants should be aware of these important differences and consider the use of monitoring controls, such as management reviews of access and user activity, to detect fraud committed by IT perpetrators. This study provides several suggestions for future research in this vein.
Data Availability: Data are available from the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE).
JEL Classifications: M480; L860; L250.
Experimental Research on The Co-firing of Mixtures of Lignite, Waste Woody Biomass and Miscanthus in The Direction of Energy Sector Transition
Authors: Hodzic Nihad , Kadic Kenan 
Published: July 2023

Decarbonization of the energy sector is a necessary but long-term process. It includes at least partial substitution of fossil fuels using renewable and alternative fuels. However, this substitution, apart from not always being possible, is often accompanied by limitations and unknowns. Those unknowns are dominantly related to the possibility of establishing stable, highly efficient and low-waste combustion as a fundamental process of primary energy conversion from fuel. Such situations are very common considering the necessity of decarbonization in a very large number of fossil fuel-based energy plants, especially coal-based ones. The possibility of establishing an energetically, economically and environmentally acceptable combustion process is a function of a number of variables, of which the collective properties of the fuel, including the ash from that fuel, are dominant in this sense. With the motive of a scientific contribution to the energy transition, and with the aim of obtaining new knowledge about the characteristics of the combustion of lignite coals with different types of biomass, a set of laboratory research was carried out. Various mixtures of lignite, waste woody biomass and Miscanthus as a fast-growing energy crop were subjected to combustion. With a change in the composition of the fuel mixture, the tests were performed at a process temperature of 1250 °C and with a staged supply of combustion air. With these combustion conditions, the emission of undesirable components into the environment, the efficiency of combustion and the ash estimated tendency of fouling of the boiler heating surfaces were determined. It has been shown that even with co-firing at a temperature of 1250 °C, it is possible to establish a efficient process with an acceptable content of unburnt carbon in the slag (unburnt carbon content, UBC<4%) as well as CO emissions (eCO≤340 mg/mn3), a relatively low emission of nitrogen oxides eNOx≤670 mg/mn3. Also, the process proved to be well controlled from the aspect of possible ash slagging in the furnace. The net emission of CO2 decreases in proportion to the share of biomass in the mixture, while the emission of SO2 is high, at the level of eSO2≤2500 mg/mn3.
La Fitogeografía de Joaquín Frenguelli y de Ángel Lulio Cabrera y el predominio de una visión biogeográfica histórica
Authors: Katinas Liliana , Guerrero Elián Leandro , Dosil Hiriart Florencia Débora 
Published: July 2023

La Biogeografía, el estudio de la distribución de los animales y las plantas, incluye temáticas de la Geología, la Geografía y la Biología y por lo tanto comprende muchas 'escuelas' o subdisciplinas. Algunas subdisciplinas tienen como objetivo regionalizar, es decir, analizar la distribución de los seres vivos sobre la superficie terrestre para hallar patrones o áreas coincidentes de distribución con una organización jerárquica. La Fitogeografía, por ejemplo, analiza los patrones de distribución de las plantas. La multiplicidad de subdisciplinas biogeográficas puede reunirse en la Biogeografía ecológica y la Biogeografía histórica. El criterio ecológico aplicado a las regionalizaciones se halla representado, por ejemplo, en los mapas de biomas (e.g., selva, desierto, tundra) y de sus unidades menores, las ecorregiones. Se aplica un criterio histórico cuando se establecen, por ejemplo, mapas de provincias fitogeográficas. Las regionalizaciones biogeográficas han tenido un gran desarrollo desde fines del siglo XIX hasta nuestros días. La Revista del Museo de La Plata no quedó fuera de este extraordinario desarrollo, e incluyó entre sus trabajos, las regionalizaciones de Joaquín Frenguelli en 1940 y de Ángel Lulio Cabrera en 1953, dos naturalistas coetáneos con una visión ecológica e histórica, respectivamente, de la Fitogeografía argentina. Para Frenguelli, en la regionalización se debe comenzar con la geografía (fisonomía del área y principales formas vegetales que la ocupan) para finalizar con la determinación de los taxones existentes en cada unidad fitogeográfica. Para Cabrera es fundamental comenzar con el análisis taxonómico de las especies vegetales, que ayudarán a delimitar las áreas, para luego considerar la geografía en su conjunto. Finalmente, fue el enfoque histórico de Cabrera el que tuvo una mayor influencia en los posteriores esquemas de regionalización de nuestro país.
Ensayo sobre ?NUEVOS CONCEPTOS SOBRE LA DISTRIBUCIÃ?N GEOGRÁFICA DE LOS PECES ARGENTINOS BASADOS EN EXPEDICIONES DEL MUSEO DE LA PLATA, por Emiliano J. Mac Donagh (1934)?
Authors: Nadalin Diego Oscar , López Hugo L. 
Published: July 2023

En este artículo nos proponemos una revisión de trabajo citado el que consideramos entre unos de los más importantes de la extendida producción realizada por el Dr. Emiliano Mac Donagh. Esta obra al momento de su publicación ha trascendido el ámbito de la Ictiología, ya que el autor ha logrado realizar un singular aporte contextualizando el estudio de la fauna y su ambiente, por medio de análisis poco habituales para la época. Este camino no ha sido un hecho aislado para Mac Donagh, sino el germen de una línea de investigación que tanto camino logrará recorrer dentro de nuestra Institución, y en el ámbito nacional.
KINERJA TERMAL SERAMBI PADA ARSITEKTUR VERNAKULAR KASUS STUDI: MUSEUM NILA DI PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Arman Susilo  , Eddy Prianto  
Published: July 2023

Abstrak Bangunan museum Sang Nila Utama merupakan bentuk arsitektur vernakular bangunan tradisional yang mengalami perubahan dari bentuk arsitektur melayu Riau. Perubahan bentuk tersebut akan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja termal yang terjadi dan berimplikasi pada kenyamanan termal. Kenyamanan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh a) Suhu (oC), b) Kelembapan relatif (%) c) Kecepatan angin (m1/det) d) MRT (Mean Radiant Temperature). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kinerja termal di serambi bangunan dalam aspek faktor klimatis ruang pada suhu dan kelembapan. Metode yang di gunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif korelasi, variabel pengukuran terhadap suhu dan kelembapan pada serambi museum dan interior museum. Dari hasil penelitian pada variabel suhu dalam 2(dua) hari menunjukan penurunan kinerja termal rata-rata iklim mikro terhadap serambi 0,2 % yang ditunjukkan dari nilai +(positif) dan dari serambi terhadap interior terjadi kenaikan 1 %, yang ditunjukkan dari nilai –(negatif). Dari nilai rata-rata variabel suhu tersebut menyebabkan museum di luar dari keadaan nyaman sesuai SNI T-14-1993-03.
Kata kunci: Vernakular; Serambi; Bioklimatik; Suhu; Kelembapan.
TELAAH HERITAGE TRAIL SEBAGAI SARANA EDUKASI STUDI PRESEDEN: HONG KONG HERITAGE TRAIL
Authors: Purwantiasning Ari Widyati , Bahri Saeful 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAK. Paparan ini merupakan bagian dari studi literatur dan kajian mengenai apa itu heritage trail dan bagaimana heritage trail memiliki andil besar dalam upaya pelestarian Kawasan bersejarah. Beberapa teori tentang heritage trail akan dipaparkan dalam tulisan ini dan sebuah studi preseden akan dikaji mendalam sebagai sebuah contoh penerapan kegiatan atau konsep heritage trail yang dianggap berhasil. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menelaah bagaimana sebuah konsep heritage trail dapat diterapkan sebagai sarana edukasi terutama yang berkaitan dengan Kawasan bersejarah, pelestarian cagar budaya, peninggalan bangunan-bangunan cagar budaya dan tentunya sejarah dari masing-masing bangunan cagar budaya tersebut. Tinjauan yang dilakukan terhadap sebuah studi preseden yaitu Hong Kong Heritage Trail yang diangkat dalam tulisan ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif naratif, dimana Saya mencoba memaparkan studi preseden tersebut dengan mengulasnya melalui pendekatan eksplorasi, observasi langsung dan melakukan pengamatan dan pengalaman ruang arsitektur secara langsung. Tulisan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wacana lebih luas bagi semua kalangan sehingga dapat lebih memahami bahwa kegiatan heritage trail tidak hanya berkaitan dengan bidang ilmu sejarah atau budaya saja, namun juga dapat bersinggungan dengan bidang arsitektur terutama yang berkaitan dengan pengalaman ruang arsitektur. Kata Kunci: Kawasan bersejarah, heritage trail, Hong Kong, arsitektur, cagar budaya
Pemanfaatan Chip Sel Surya Dari Bahan Limbah Transistor Kemasan TO–3 Untuk Pembuatan Tahap Awal Prototipe Pembangkitan Energi Listrik Tenaga Surya
Authors: Dodi Nofri 
Published: July 2023

Pembangkit listrik tenaga surya merupakan suatu pembangkit listrik yang mengkonversikan energi cahaya matahari menjadi energi listrik. Dimana dalam hal ini solar cell merupakan komponen terpenting dalam pengkonversian energi surya menjadi energi listrik. Solar cell sebagai komponen terpenting dalam pengkonversian ini merupakan suatu semikonduktor yang terbuat dari bahan silicon dan mempunyai karakteristik-karakteristik tertentu.
Dalam perancangan suatu model (prototipe) dari panel surya sebuah pembangkit listrik tenaga surya, bisa digunakan chip sel surya yang terdapat pada transistor kemasan TO-3 yang sudah tidak terpakai. Dalam hal ini diambil sampel transistor 2N 3055 untuk transistor jenis NPN dan MJ 2955 untuk jenis transistor PNP. Pada proses pembuatannya untuk mendapatkan arus dan tegangan yang diinginkan, chip surya dirangkai dalam hubungan seri untuk mendapatkan satu bentuk array surya, yang mana susunan dari beberapa array surya yang tersusun dalam hubungan paralel dapat pula membentuk suatu model dari sebuah panel surya.
Untuk mengetahui karakteriktik dari model ini dilakukan beberapa pengujian – pengujian, baik itu pengujian tegangan, arus dan juga pengujian daya. Pengujian yang dilakukan dimulai dari jam 08.00 sampai jam 17.00 yang terdiri atas tiga tahap pengujian, yaitu : pengujian pada chip surya , pengujian pada array surya dan pengujian panel surya.
Pengujian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek/gejala yang ditimbulkan oleh chip surya tersebut akibat pengaruh dari temperatur (suhu)serta pengaruh intensitas cahaya yang diterimanya