bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online column preconcentration for speciation and selective determination of Cr(III) in natural water samples using flow injection with chemiluminescence detection
Authors: Jasim Aktham N. , Kamel Azhar , Al‐Awadi Nagham S. , Abd‐Alrazack Hussein Fares 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA simple, rapid, sensitive and inexpensive approach is described in this work based on a combination of solid‐phase extraction of 8‐hydroxyquinoline (8HQ), for speciation and preconcentration of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in river water, and the direct determination of these species using a flow injection system with chemiluminescence detection (FI–CL) and a 4‐diethylamino phenyl hydrazine (DEAPH)–hydrogen peroxide system. At different pH, the two forms of chromium [Cr(III) and Cr(VI)] have different exchange capacities for 8HQ, therefore two columns were constructed; the pH of column 1 was adjusted to pH 3 for retaining Cr(III) and column 2 was adjusted to pH 1 for retaining of Cr(VI). The sorbed Cr(III) and Cr(VI) species were eluted from columns using 3.0 ml of 0.1 N of HCl and 3.0 ml of 0.1 N of NaOH, respectively. The flow injection–chemiluminescence (FI–CL) method is based on light emitted due to the oxidation of DEAPH by the H2O2 in the presence of Cr(III), which catalyzes the reaction. The flow cell is a transparent coiled tube made from glass (2.0 × 4.0, inner and outer diameter) and located close to the photodetector. The flow parameters: flow rate, sample volume, flow cell length, and distance to the CL detector were studied and optimized. Under optimum flow conditions, the Cr(III) concentration can be determined over the range 5–350 μg L−1 with a limit of detection of 1.2 μg L−1, as the Cr(III) concentration is proportional to the intensity of the CL signal. The relative standard deviations (%) for 10 and 50 μg L−1 Cr(III) were 1.2% and 3.2%, respectively. The effects of Al(III), Cd(II), Zn(II), Hg(II), Pb(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), Ca(II), and Fe(III) were investigated. The proposed method is highly selective and sensitive, enabling a rapid determination of the Cr(III) amount in the presence of other interfering metals. Finally, the FI–CL method was examined in five river water samples with excellent recoveries.
Double‐reporter‐guided targeted activation of the oxytetracycline silent gene cluster in Streptomyces rimosus M527
Authors: Shi Yue , Zhang Jinyao , Ma Zheng , Zhang Yongyong , Bechthold Andreas , Yu Xiaoping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn Streptomyces rimosus M527, the oxytetracycline (OTC) biosynthetic gene cluster is not expressed under laboratory conditions. In this study a reported‐guided mutant selection (RGMS) procedure was used to activate the cluster. The double‐reporter plasmid pAGT was constructed in which gusA encoding a β‐glucuronidase and tsr encoding a thiostrepton resistance methyltransferase were placed under the control of the native promoter of oxyA gene (PoxyA). Plasmid pAGT was introduced and integrated into the chromosome of S. rimosus M527 by conjugation, yielding initial strain M527‐pAGT. Subsequently, mutants of M527‐pAGT were generated by using ribosome engineering technology. The mutants harboring activated OTC gene cluster were selected based on visual observation of GUS activity and thiostrepton resistance. Finally, mutant M527‐pAGT‐R7 was selected producing OTC in a concentration of 235.2 mg/L. In this mutant transcriptional levels of oxysr genes especial oxyAsr gene were increased compared to wild‐type strain S. rimosus M527. The mutant M527‐pAGT‐R7 showed antagonistic activities against Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive strains. All data indicate that the OTC gene cluster was successfully activated using the RGMS method.
Utilization of open‐source software in teaching the physics of P‐N diodes
Authors: Alnassar Mohammad Saleh N 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper describes utilizing open‐source numerical simulation software, typically used in solar photovoltaics research, as an attractive supplementary educational tool for teaching the underlying physics and operation of P‐N junction diodes. Details of educational P‐N device models and simulation‐based learning scenarios developed for this purpose are provided here. The presented approach allows students to learn the essential concepts related to P‐N diodes experientially. These include some frequently observed nonidealities, closely mimicking experimental I‐V measurements. Unlike most educational tools in this field, all simulations demonstrated here are performed locally on the student's computer using free and portable software, which eliminates the need for a live internet connection or time‐consuming installations, making it easier to implement in a classroom and much more accessible to students. The paper also discusses the implementation of this supplementary tool and reports the results of a survey conducted to measure student satisfaction with it and its implementation approach. The presented method can be adapted to suit the needs of undergraduate and graduate students studying engineering courses that require an introduction to semiconductor devices. The details of P‐N diode device models are introduced and discussed so that users can modify them in accordance with their practical or educational purposes.
Characteristics and outcomes of gallbladder cancer patients at the Tata Medical Center, Kolkata 2017–2019
Authors: Dutta Anindita , Mungle Tushar , Chowdhury Nandita , Banerjee Pritha , Gehani Anisha , Sen Saugata , Mallath Mohandas , Roy Paromita , Krishnan Shekhar , Ganguly Sandip , Banerjee Sudeep , Roy Manas , Saha Vaskar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe north and north‐eastern regions of India have among the highest incidence of gallbladder cancer (GBC) in the world. We report the clinicopathological charateristics and outcome of GBC patients in India.MethodsElectronic medical records of patients diagnosed with GBC at Tata Medical Center, Kolkata between 2017 and 2019 were analyzed.ResultsThere were 698 cases of confirmed GBC with a median age of 58 (IQR: 50–65) years and female:male ratio of 1.96. At presentation, 91% (496/544) had stage III/IV disease and 30% (189/640) had incidental GBC. The 2‐year overall survival (OS) was 100% (95% CI: 100–100); 61% (95% CI: 45–83); 30% (95% CI: 21–43); and 9% (95% CI: 6–13) for stages I–IV, respectively (p = <0.0001). For all patients, the 2‐year OS in patients who had a radical cholecystectomy followed by adjuvant therapy (N = 36) was 50% (95% CI: 39–64), compared to 29% (95% CI: 22–38) for those who had a simple cholecystectomy and/or chemotherapy (N = 265) and 9% (95% CI: 6–14) in patients who were palliated (N = 107) (p = <0.0001).ConclusionThe combined surgical/chemotherapy approach for patients with stage II GBC showed the best outcomes. Early detection of GBC remains problematic with the majority of patients presenting with stage III–IV and who have a median survival of 9.1 months. Our data suggests that the tumor is chemoresponsive and multi‐center collaborative clinical trials to identify alternative therapies are urgently required.
Cellular and molecular features related to exceptional therapy response and extreme long‐term survival in glioblastoma
Authors: Decraene B. , Vanmechelen M. , Clement P. , Daisne J. F. , Vanden Bempt I. , Sciot R. , Garg A. D. , Agostinis P. , De Smet F. , De Vleeschouwer S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) remains the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a dismal prognosis that rarely exceeds beyond 2 years despite extensive therapy, which consists of maximal safe surgical resection, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy. Recently, it has become clear that GBM is not one homogeneous entity and that both intra‐and intertumoral heterogeneity contributes significantly to differences in tumoral behavior which may consequently be responsible for differences in survival. Strikingly and in spite of its dismal prognosis, small fractions of GBM patients seem to display extremely long survival, defined as surviving over 10 years after diagnosis, compared to the large majority of patients. Although the underlying mechanisms for this peculiarity remain largely unknown, emerging data suggest that still poorly characterized both cellular and molecular factors of the tumor microenvironment and their interplay probably play an important role. We hereby give an extensive overview of what is yet known about these cellular and molecular features shaping extreme long survival in GBM.
Development of lactate‐related gene signature and prediction of overall survival and chemosensitivity in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Tong Zhi , Wang Xinyu , Shi Sanbao , Hou Tiewei , Gao Guangrong , Li Da , Shan Yongqi , Zhang Cheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor of the digestive system that contains high levels of immune cells. Lactic acid, a major metabolite, plays a crucial role in tumor development, maintenance, and therapeutic response. However, the prognostic potential and therapeutic biomarker potential of lactate‐related genes (LRGs) in CRC patients remain to be elucidated.MethodsWe collected the mRNA expression profile and clinical data of CRC patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the GSE59382 cohort. Univariate Cox regression, Lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to construct the prognosis model. Combined with the risk score and important clinicopathological features, the nomogram was established. In addition, the relationship between risk score and immune infiltration, immune checkpoint gene expression, and drug sensitivity was investigated.ResultsWe constructed lactate‐related gene signatures (LRGS) based on four LRGs, which independently predicted the prognosis of CRC. Patients with different risk scores are found to have distinct immune status, tumor mutation load, immune response, and drug sensitivity. In addition, nomogram results determined by risk scores and clinical factors have higher predictive performance.ConclusionWe found that LRGS is a reliable biomarker for predicting clinical outcomes, evaluating immune infiltration and efficacy, and predicting the sensitivity to drugs in patients with CRC.
Investigating the effects of Ceylon cinnamon water extract on HepG2 cells for Type 2 diabetes therapy
Authors: Azimian Leila , Weerasuriya Nimalka M. , Munasinghe Ranjani , Song Suzie , Lin Chun‐Yu , You Lidan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCinnamon and its extracts have been used as herbal remedies for many ailments, including for reducing insulin resistance and diabetes complications. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing health concern around the world. Although many drugs are available for T2DM treatment, side effects and costs can be considerable, and there is increasing interest in natural products for managing chronic health conditions. Cinnamon may decrease the expression of genes associated with T2DM risk. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cinnamon water extract (CWE) compared with metformin on T2DM‐related gene expression. HepG2 human hepatoma cells, widely used in drug metabolism and hepatotoxicity studies, were treated with different concentrations of metformin or CWE for 24 or 48 h. Cell viability was assessed by MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐5‐(3‐carboxymethoxyphenyl)‐2‐(4‐sulfophenyl)‐2H‐tetrazolium) assay and glucose uptake was compared in untreated and CWE‐ or metformin‐treated cells under high‐glucose conditions. Finally, total RNA was extracted and analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq), and bioinformatics analyses were performed to compare the transcriptional effects of CWE and metformin. We found cell viability was better in cells treated with CWE than in metformin‐treated cells, demonstrating that CWE was not toxic at tested doses. CWE significantly increased glucose uptake in HepG2 cells, to the same degree as metformin (1.4‐fold). RNA‐seq data revealed CWE and metformin both induced significantly increased (1.3‐ to 1.4‐fold) glucose uptake gene expression compared with untreated controls. Transcriptional differences between CWE and metformin were not significant. The effects of 0.125 mg mL−1 CWE on gene expression were comparable to 1.5 mg mL−1 (9.5 mM) metformin. In addition, gene expression at 0.125 mg mL−1 CWE was comparable to 1.5 mg mL−1 (9.5 mM) metformin. Our results reveal that CWE's effects on cell viability, glucose uptake, and gene expression in HepG2 cells are comparable to those of metformin, suggesting CWE may be an effective dietary supplement for mitigating T2DM‐related metabolic dysfunction.
Surgically‐treated hemoptysis and alveolar hemorrhaging resulting from severe mitral regurgitation: A case report
Authors: Yamaguchi Daisuke , Tokui Toshiya , Narukawa Takahiro , Murakami Masahiko , Sekoguchi Tomotake , Inoue Ryosai , Hirano Koji , Maze Yasumi , Ito Hisato 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCardiac etiologies of hemoptysis are less common. One such etiology includes mitral regurgitation. In patients with hemoptysis and unilateral consolidation, careful chest auscultation and cardiac assessment may assist in making an early diagnosis.
Dual Chemiexcitation by a Unique Dioxetane Scaffold Gated by an OR Logic Set of Triggers
Authors: David Maya , Jaber Qais , Fridman Micha , Shabat Doron 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChemiexcitation of phenoxy‐1,2‐dioxetane chemiluminescent luminophores is initiated by electron transfer from a meta‐positioned phenolate ion to the peroxide‐dioxetane bond. Here we report the development of a unique 1,2‐dioxetane chemiluminescent scaffold with chemiexcitation gated by an OR logic dual‐set of triggering events. This scaffold is composed of meta‐dihydroxyphenyl‐1,2‐dioxetane‐adamantyl molecules, equipped with acrylic acid and chlorine substituents, that chemiexcitation under physiological conditions. A dual‐mode chemiluminescent probe, armed with two different triggering substrates designed for activation by the enzymes β‐galactosidase and alkaline phosphatase, was synthesized. The probe emitted intense light signals in the response to each enzyme, demonstrating its ability to serve as a single‐component chemiluminescent sensor for dual‐analyte detection. We also demonstrated the ability of the probe to detect β‐galactosidase and phosphatase activities in bacteria. This is the first 1,2‐dioxetane scaffold capable of responding to two different chemiexcitation events from two different positions on the same dioxetane molecule. We anticipate that the OR‐gated mode of chemiexcitation, described herein, will find utility in the preparation of chemiluminescent probes with a dual‐analyte detection/imaging mode.
Organic Host‐Guest Materials with Bright Red Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence for Persistent Bioimaging†
Authors: Si Yueyue , Zhao Yeyun , Dai Wenbo , Cui Shisheng , Sun Peng , Shi Jianbing , Tong Bin , Cai Zhengxu , Dong Yuping 
Published: February 2023

Comprehensive SummaryOrganic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials have attracted immense attention in bioimaging due to their long emission lifetime and large Stokes shift. RTP materials with long emission wavelength can improve the penetration depth for bioimaging. However, the design of red persistent RTP materials is still challenging. In this study, a fused‐ring structure has been proposed to effectively decrease the triplet energy level, thus extending the emission wavelength of phosphorescence. In addition, the fused‐ring structure exhibits a high molar extinction coefficient (ɛ) and high luminescence efficiency due to the rigid structure. A new class of crystalline hosts (iminodibenzyl, IDB) are developed to stabilize the triplet excitons that are generated from the fused‐ring molecules. The maximum RTP wavelength of doping materials can reach 635 nm with a lifetime of 9.35 ms. Water‐disperse nanoparticles are successfully prepared for in vivo time‐resolved bioimaging, which eliminates the background fluorescence interference from biological tissues. These reveal a delicate design strategy for the construction of long‐wavelength emissive RTP materials for high‐resolution bioimaging.
Periodic Mesoporous Ionosilica Nanoparticles for BODIPY Delivery and Photochemical Internalization of siRNA
Authors: Mezghrani Braham , Ali Lamiaa M. A. , Jakimoska Sara , Cunin Frédérique , Hesemann Peter , Durand Jean‐Olivier , Bettache Nadir 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPeriodic Mesoporous Ionosilica Nanoparticles (PMINPs) made via co‐condensation reactions starting from an ionosilica precursor and a porphyrin derivative were used for simultaneous BODIPY/siRNA delivery in cancer cells. We observed high BODIPY loading capacities and efficiencies of the PMINPs that are triggered by anion exchange. siRNA adsorption took place on the surface of the nanoparticles, whereas BODIPY was encapsulated within the core of the nanoparticles. BODIPY release was found to be pH‐dependent. Our results indicate 94 % BODIPY release after 16 h at pH 4, whereas only 2 % were released at pH 7.4. Furthermore, complexation with siRNA against luciferase gene was observed at the surface of PMINPs and gene silencing through its delivery via photochemical internalization (PCI) mechanism was efficient in MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells expressing stable luciferase.
Analysis of Genetic Ancestry from NGS Data Using EthSEQ
Authors: Dalfovo Davide , Romanel Alessandro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing (NGS) is widely utilized both in translational cancer genomics studies and in the setting of precision medicine. Identification and stratification of an individual's ancestry is fundamental for the correct interpretation of genetic and genomic profiling. EthSEQ provides an easy and effective computational workflow to determine the ancestry of individuals, exploiting single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes computed from NGS data of whole‐exome and targeted sequencing experiments. Genotypes are determined by EthSEQ from sequencing alignment files (BAM files) or can be provided as input in Variant Call Format (VCF) or CoreArray Genomic Data Structure (GDS) format. Ancestry is determined and assigned to individuals by EthSEQ exploiting a reference model and a standard or multi‐step refinement approach based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A complete and detailed set of textual and graphical output files are generated by EthSEQ as result. EthSEQ is easy to use and can be integrated into any NGS‐based processing pipeline also exploiting multi‐core capabilities. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Perform ancestry analysis using a pre‐computed reference modelAlternate Protocol: Perform ancestry analysis using a user‐specified GDS file as reference modelBasic Protocol 2: Perform ancestry analysis using multi‐step refinementSupport Protocol 1: Create a reference model from multiple VCF genotype data filesSupport Protocol 2: Create VCF genotype data files from a BAM file
Identifying key channel variability functions controlling ecohydraulic conditions using synthetic channel archetypes
Authors: Lee Anzy , Lane Belize , Pasternack Gregory B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGeometric modelling of river channel topography is a method of design synthesis wherein specific 2D geometric elements of river topography, such as the bed profile, cross‐sectional shape and channel planform contours, are expressed mathematically in isolation and then combined to produce a 3D heightmap. We utilized the geometric modelling framework to synthesize channel terrains that reveal flow–form–function linkages to investigate what roles variability in bed roughness, thalweg elevation and channel width play in defining hydraulic and ecohydraulic conditions of a channel reach from baseflow to bankfull discharge. To achieve a robust inquiry for a range of settings, this study developed four distinct synthetic channel terrain models for each of three stream reaches of different channel types in the South Fork Eel River in northern coastal California, USA. To test the process‐based effects of these diverse terrain synthesis options, we compared the resulting hydraulic patterns and preferred habitat availability for fry/juvenile steelhead trout and coho salmon over a range of discharges. Among thalweg bed undulation, width variation and bed roughness, we found thalweg bed undulation was the key factor affecting the channel ecohydraulic response at baseflow condition. At bankfull condition, thalweg bed elevation had the largest effect in high‐order mainstem streams identified by gravel‐cobble dominated high width‐to‐depth, riffle‐pool sequences, width variation had the largest effect in mid‐order confined channels with gravel‐cobble, high width‐to‐depth ratio with expansions/contractions and bed roughness in low‐order streams with low width‐to‐depth ratio, high‐gradient, cobble‐boulder and step‐pool/cascade channels.
River mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum maintains certain levels of Na+ and Cl− in leaves to adapt seasonal freshwater
Authors: Xu Li , Liu Chao , Xin Changpeng , Wang Wenqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMangrove environments are often characterized by large fluctuations in salinity, ranging from freshwater to hyper‐saline conditions. Most reports have focused on the mechanisms by which mangroves adapt to high salinity. However, how mangroves cope with seasonal freshwater habitats has seldom been studied. To address this question, we surveyed the river salinity and leaf traits (chlorophyll fluorescence, ion concentrations, carbon isotope ratios and osmolality) of Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco (river mangrove) along a freshwater‐dominated river. A. corniculatum at the upstream site was subjected low salinity, being in fresh water for a long period (up to 310 h) in the wet season, which drastically diminished during the dry season. At both sites, the actual photosystem II efficiency (ФPSII) and electron transport rates (ETR) of the leaves were higher in the wet season than in the dry season, and the carbon isotope (δ13C), ions (Na+ and Cl−) concentrations and osmolality showed no seasonal variations. However, the maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), the proportion for closed PSII reaction centres (1 − qP) and non‐photochemical quenching (NPQ) of the leaves at the upstream site maintained high levels in the wet season. This quenching analysis indicated that there was a down‐regulation of photoprotection at the upstream site during wet season. An explanation for this is that long‐term freshwater is a stressful environment for A. corniculatum and maintaining certain level Na+ and Cl− in saline water episode is necessary for A. corniculatum to maintain low water potentials to take up water.