bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Wilkinson T M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter considers the ethics of policies that try to stop people damaging their health and sets out the two main questions for the book: would public health interventions to stop people damaging their health make them better off, and would the interventions infringe on their autonomy? The chapter describes methods to make people be healthier, such as taxes, subsidies, health promotion, and nudging. It then defines paternalism. It looks forward to the conclusion of the book, that many public health interventions probably make their targets worse off, infringe on their autonomy, and do not have compensating benefits to others.
Nudges and Counter-Manipulation
Authors: Wilkinson T M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Unlike interventions that reduce choice, public health promotion does not infringe on autonomy as much as some people think. Just as the previous chapter criticized some of the more dramatic claims that people are manipulated into unhealthy behaviour, so this chapter doubts whether nudges must be as manipulative as some critics would have us believe. Whether and when nudges manipulate depends partly on whether the methods the nudger uses are manipulative, which is not always easy to determine. It also depends on people’s attitudes to being nudged and on the intention of the nudgers. We then consider health promotion that is manipulative, which often occurs against a background of manipulative ‘illness promotion’. The context matters because manipulative health promotion may then be counter-manipulation. It may enhance, or at least not damage further, its targets’ autonomy. When counter-manipulative health promotion cannot be criticized on grounds of autonomy, the leading objection to it is removed.
Correlation Between Drug-Induced Blood Pressure Elevation and Long-Term Prognosis of Tumor Patients Treated With Small Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Targeted to the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Pathway: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Cai’e Li , Qiongying Wang , Jie Ma , Jing Yu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate whether blood pressure elevation induced by small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeted to the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway in the treatment of solid tumors is correlated with the anti-tumor efficacy and long-term prognosis.

METHODS
A systematic review with a meta-analysis was conducted using Cochrane Collaboration methodology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation guidelines. Observational, retrospective, or prospective randomized controlled studies were included if they evaluated the correlation between TKIs-induced blood pressure elevation and prognosis of patients, with at least one of the following indicators: objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), or overall survival (OS). Data were extracted and all studies were assessed for quality according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The primary outcome of this study was OS, while the secondary outcomes were PFS and ORR.

RESULTS
A total of 58 studies were considered eligible, with 10,020 patients included. TKIs-induced blood pressure elevation was significantly correlated with longer OS [the hazards ratio (HR) was 0.54 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49–0.61, P &lt; 0.001) for death in patients with elevated blood pressure compared with those without], and PFS [HR was 0.55 (95% CI 0.48–0.63, P &lt; 0.001) for disease progression in patients with elevated blood pressure compared with those without], as well as better ORR (RR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.43–2.41, P &lt; 0.001). The subgroup analyses by intervention drugs and tumor types had similar results.

CONCLUSIONS
TKIs-induced blood pressure elevation is significantly correlated with better prognosis of tumor patients, thereby it may be one of the biological markers of TKI treatment. However, due to the considerable heterogeneity among the included studies in this article, caution should be exercised in interpreting this conclusion.
Survey of Neuromodulator Use for Optimization of Facial Scars and Blepharoplasty and Brow Lift Outcomes
Authors: Abraham Manoj T , Husain Solomon , Wong Anni , Gidumal Sunder , Elahi Ebrahim , Marmur Ellen , DelMauro Matthew 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
There are many published studies that indicate neuromodulators help improve surgical outcomes and the appearance of facial scars.

Objectives
To determine the prevalence of neuromodulator use as an adjunct for facial scar treatment as well as blepharoplasty and brow lift surgeries across surgical subspecialties.

Methods
An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to plastic surgeons, facial plastic surgeons, oculoplastic surgeons, and dermatologic surgeons through their respective national societies. The survey assessed demographics, practice characteristics, and practice habits.

Results
A total of 276 surgeons responded. Although 96.7% of respondents use neuromodulators in their practice, only 21% utilize neuromodulators for scar optimization, and 12.3% and 25.4% utilize neuromodulators for optimization of blepharoplasty and surgical brow lift outcomes, respectively.

Conclusions
Although the use of neuromodulators has been shown to improve the appearance of scars and could enhance outcomes after blepharoplasty and brow lift procedures, its use among respondents was limited.

Level of Evidence: 4 (Therapeutic)
locuszoomr: an R package for visualizing publication-ready regional gene locus plots
Authors: Lewis Myles J , Wang Susan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Summary
Locuszoomr is an R package for visualizing and creating publication-ready regional gene locus plots similar to those produced by the original web interface ‘LocusZoom’, but running locally in R. Genetic or genomic data with gene annotation tracks are plotted via R base graphics or ‘ggplot2’, allowing flexibility and easy customization. Modular plotting functions enable layering of multiple GWAS plots such as for PheWAS, comparing GWAS with eQTL signals, and aligning multiple locus plots on the same page. Interactive plots can be visualized using ‘plotly’ enabling quick identification of data points for labelling. The ‘LDlink’ API (https://ldlink.nih.gov/) can be programmatically queried to obtain linkage disequilibrium (LD) data from the 1000 Genomes Project which is overlaid on plots. The package allows users to query Ensembl databases from Bioconductor or AnnotationHub for genomic information, so it can be used to show gene track information for any species available in Ensembl. Helper functions enable recombination rate data from UCSC to be overlaid on plots. The package has a detailed vignette and includes embedded example GWAS data to allow users to try out different features. Locuszoomr is also fast: identifying 50 peaks in a GWAS of around 8 million SNPs takes around 0.6 s. Exporting 50 locus plots with 1 Mb window with recombination rate takes around 30 son Intel ninth gen CPU or 14 son Apple ARM M3.

Availability and implementation
The R package locuszoomr is open-source and available from CRAN: https://cran.r-project.org/package=locuszoomr and GitHub: https://github.com/myles-lewis/locuszoomr
CAMIL: channel attention-based multiple instance learning for whole slide image classification
Authors: Mao Jinyang , Xu Junlin , Tang Xianfang , Liu Yongjin , Zhao Heaven , Tian Geng , Yang Jialiang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Motivation
The classification task based on whole-slide images (WSIs) is a classic problem in computational pathology. Multiple instance learning (MIL) provides a robust framework for analyzing whole slide images with slide-level labels at gigapixel resolution. However, existing MIL models typically focus on modeling the relationships between instances while neglecting the variability across the channel dimensions of instances, which prevents the model from fully capturing critical information in the channel dimension.

Results
To address this issue, we propose a plug-and-play module called Multi-scale Channel Attention Block (MCAB), which models the interdependencies between channels by leveraging local features with different receptive fields. By alternately stacking four layers of Transformer and MCAB, we designed a channel attention-based MIL model (CAMIL) capable of simultaneously modeling both inter-instance relationships and intra-channel dependencies. To verify the performance of the proposed CAMIL in classification tasks, several comprehensive experiments were conducted across three datasets: Camelyon16, TCGA-NSCLC, and TCGA-RCC. Empirical results demonstrate that, whether the feature extractor is pretrained on natural images or on WSIs, our CAMIL surpasses current state-of-the-art MIL models across multiple evaluation metrics.

Availability and implementation
All implementation code is available at https://github.com/maojy0914/CAMIL.
Penalized G-estimation for effect modifier selection in a structural nested mean model for repeated outcomes
Authors: Jaman Ajmery , Wang Guanbo , Ertefaie Ashkan , Bally Michèle , Lévesque Renée , Platt Robert W , Schnitzer Mireille E 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Effect modification occurs when the impact of the treatment on an outcome varies based on the levels of other covariates known as effect modifiers. Modeling these effect differences is important for etiological goals and for purposes of optimizing treatment. Structural nested mean models (SNMMs) are useful causal models for estimating the potentially heterogeneous effect of a time-varying exposure on the mean of an outcome in the presence of time-varying confounding. A data-adaptive selection approach is necessary if the effect modifiers are unknown a priori and need to be identified. Although variable selection techniques are available for estimating the conditional average treatment effects using marginal structural models or for developing optimal dynamic treatment regimens, all of these methods consider a single end-of-follow-up outcome. In the context of an SNMM for repeated outcomes, we propose a doubly robust penalized G-estimator for the causal effect of a time-varying exposure with a simultaneous selection of effect modifiers and prove the oracle property of our estimator. We conduct a simulation study for the evaluation of its performance in finite samples and verification of its double-robustness property. Our work is motivated by the study of hemodiafiltration for treating patients with end-stage renal disease at the Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal. We apply the proposed method to investigate the effect heterogeneity of dialysis facility on the repeated session-specific hemodiafiltration outcomes.
Iodine concentration in the lung parenchyma in relation to different inspiratory depths during CT pulmonary angiography
Authors: Yasaka Koichiro , Saigusa Hiroyuki , Abe Osamu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the impact of changing inspiratory depth from end- to mid-inspiratory level on the iodine concentration in the lung parenchyma and main pulmonary artery in dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography.

Methods
This retrospective study included patients who underwent dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography from July 2020 to June 2023. Patients were instructed to hold their breath at end- and mid-inspiratory levels before and after January 2022, respectively. By placing regions of interest on the lung lobes and main pulmonary artery in the iodine map, their iodine concentration was recorded.

Results
In end- and mid-inspiratory command, 173 (mean age: 63.4 ± 17.0 years; 68 males) and 179 (mean age: 65.1 ± 15.4 years; 62 males) patients, respectively, were included. The mean iodine concentrations of the right upper, right middle, right lower, left upper, and left lower lobes were 0.81/0.91, 0.67/0.74, 1.06/1.07, 0.85/0.95, and 1.07/1.11 mgI/mL, respectively, for the end-/mid-inspiratory level. The multivariable regression analysis revealed inspiratory depth as a significant factor for iodine concentration of the right upper, right middle, and left upper lobes. Main pulmonary artery iodine concentration in mid-inspiratory depth (13.21 mgI/mL) was higher than that in end-inspiratory depth (12.51 mgI/mL) (P = .129), and a statistically significant difference was observed in the patient group with a body weight of ≥70 kg (P = .015).

Conclusions
Changing inspiratory depth from end- to mid-inspiratory level has a significant impact on the iodine concentration in the upper and right middle lobes in dual-energy CT pulmonary angiography.

Advances in knowledge
Changing inspiratory depth from end- to mid-inspiratory level has significantly increased the iodine concentration in the right upper, right middle, and left upper lobes.
Insufficiency fractures in patients with sacral chordoma treated with high-dose radiation therapy with and without resection
Authors: Miladinovic Vesna , van der Wal Robert J P , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha M , Navas Cañete Ana , Peul Wilco C , Bloem Johan L , Krol Augustinus D G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Determine the incidence, location, and features of insufficiency fractures (IFs) in sacral chordoma patients treated with high-dose radiation therapy (HDR) with(out) resection, relative to radiation therapy type and irradiation plans.

Methods
Clinical data, including details of all surgical procedures and radiotherapies of patients histologically diagnosed with sacral chordoma between 2008 and 2023 available at our database, were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria were as follows: availability of diagnostic, treatment planning and follow-up magnetic resonance and/or computed tomography scans, and completed treatment. Scans were re-evaluated for the presence and location of IF defined as linear abnormalities with(out) bone marrow oedema (BME)-like changes.

Results
From 48 included patients (29 male, median age 66, range 27-85), 22 were diagnosed with 56 IF (45.8%). IF occurred 3-266 months following the treatment. All sacral and iliac bone IF had vertical components parallel to the SI joint. Twenty patients had bilateral and 16 unilateral IF. BME-like changes were visible in 46 IF (82.1%, 0.80, P ≤ .001). In 13/56 IF (23.2%), BME-like changes were seen prior to IF diagnosis; in only 1 patient, BME-like changes did not develop into an IF. Thirty-nine IF (84.7%) occurred within low-dose volume and 7 (15.3%) outside of irradiated volume in 16/44 irradiated patients. Six IF occurred in 1 patient treated with surgery only.

Conclusions
Pelvic IFs are common in sacral chordoma patients treated with definitive or (neo)adjuvant HDR, occurring months to years following treatment. Not all IF occur in the irradiated volume.

Advances in knowledge
When present, BME-like changes indicate risk of IF developing. IF do not heal over time.
Outcomes of ciclosporin treatment in paediatric patients with drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS): a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Zabihi Haleh , Maliyar Khalad , Sibbald Cathryn , Verstegen Ruud H J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a rare but severe hypersensitivity reaction. In this retrospective cohort study, we compared the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids, the current first-line treatment, with ciclosporin, a treatment that is increasingly being used in paediatric patients with DRESS. We analysed the cases of 14 paediatric patients (aged &lt; 18 years) admitted to the hospital between January 2016 and September 2023. Five patients received ciclosporin, while nine were treated with systemic corticosteroids. Ciclosporin treatment was associated with shorter hospital stays (median 6 days vs. 9 days) and more rapid normalization of alanine aminotransferase levels (25 days vs. 40 days) compared with corticosteroid treatment. While ciclosporin was well-tolerated, corticosteroid treatment was linked to adverse events, including corticosteroid-induced diabetes (n = 2), disease flares during tapering (n = 3) and the need for treatment intensification (n = 2). These findings suggest that ciclosporin may be a promising treatment for managing paediatric DRESS.
Autonomic cardiac control independently predicts incident hypertension and systolic blood pressure in a multi-ethnic population: the HELIUS study
Authors: Bouwmeester Thomas A , Vriend Esther M C , Galenkamp Henrike , Westerhof Berend E , Collard Didier , van den Born Bert-Jan H 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
Cross-correlation baroreflex sensitivity (xBRS) and heart rate variability (HRV) are measures of autonomic cardiac control and are associated with hypertension. However, their value in predicting new-onset hypertension and changes in systolic blood pressure (SBP) remains elusive.

Methods and results
We used longitudinal data of participants with and without a history of cardiovascular disease from the HEalthy Life In an Urban Setting (HELIUS) study. A non-invasive continuous finger blood pressure measurement at baseline was used to calculate xBRS and HRV. In normotensives at baseline, we calculated the odds ratio (OR) of developing hypertension at follow-up. In the full cohort, we assessed the change in SBP between baseline and follow-up using linear regression. Subgroup analyses were performed in the younger (&lt;50 years) and older (≥50 years) participants. Median follow-up was 6.6 years (interquartile range 5.8–7.4). A 50% lower xBRS at baseline was independently associated with a 1.31 higher OR [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–1.57] of developing hypertension at follow-up. No significant associations between the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval (SDNN) or the square root of the mean of successive differences between adjacent normal-to-normal intervals (RMSSD), and new-onset hypertension were found. Compared to the lowest tertile, an xBRS in the highest tertile was associated with a 3.61 mmHg (95% CI 2.50–4.71) higher increase in SBP over time, whereas this was 1.11 mmHg (95% CI 0.12–2.09) and 1.76 mmHg (95% CI 0.73–2.79) for SDNN and RMSSD.

Conclusion
In the general population, a lower xBRS is associated with increased odds of developing hypertension, and a steeper increase in SBP over time.
Trait genetic architecture and population structure determine model selection for genomic prediction in natural Arabidopsis thaliana populations
Authors: Gibbs Patrick M , Paril Jefferson F , Fournier-Level Alexandre 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Genomic prediction applies to any agro- or ecologically relevant traits, with distinct ontologies and genetic architectures. Selecting the most appropriate model for the distribution of genetic effects and their associated allele frequencies in the training population is crucial. Linear regression models are often preferred for genomic prediction. However, linear models may not suit all genetic architectures and training populations. Machine learning approaches have been proposed to improve genomic prediction owing to their capacity to capture complex biology including epistasis. However, the applicability of different genomic prediction models, including non-linear, non-parametric approaches, has not been rigorously assessed across a wide variety of plant traits in natural outbreeding populations. This study evaluates genomic prediction sensitivity to trait ontology and the impact of population structure on model selection and prediction accuracy. Examining 36 quantitative traits in 1,000+ natural genotypes of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, we assessed the performance of penalized regression, random forest, and multilayer perceptron at producing genomic predictions. Regression models were generally the most accurate, except for biochemical traits where random forest performed best. We link this result to the genetic architecture of each trait—notably that biochemical traits have simpler genetic architecture than macroscopic traits. Moreover, complex macroscopic traits, particularly those related to flowering time and yield, were strongly correlated to population structure, while molecular traits were better predicted by fewer, independent markers. This study highlights the relevance of machine learning approaches for simple molecular traits and underscores the need to consider ancestral population history when designing training samples.
Expected electromagnetic response from natural earthquakes in a layered ocean model
Authors: Cheng Qianli , Gao Yongxin , Zhou Guanqun , Chen Chieh-Hung , Wang Dongdong , Yao Cheng 
Published: January 2025

SUMMARY
In this study, we adopt a horizontally layered model consisting of air, seawater and undersea porous rock and develop an analytically based method to calculate the seismic and electromagnetic (EM) fields generated by undersea earthquakes. We conduct numerical simulations to investigate the characteristics of the EM response at the receivers located at the seafloor, in the seawater near the sea surface and in the air, respectively. The results show that two kinds of EM signals can be identified in the EM records at these receivers, namely, the early EM wave (seismic-to-EM conversion at the seafloor interface) arriving before the seismic waves and the coseismic EM fields with apparent speeds of the seismic waves. The EM signals observed at the seafloor are mostly stronger than those observed in the seawater and air near the sea surface. The method is applied to simulating the EM response to the 2022 Mw 7.3 earthquake that took place in the sea near Fukushima, Japan. At a receiver with 76 km epicentral distance at the seafloor, the predicted coseismic electric and magnetic signals reach 2 μV m−1 and 2 nT, respectively, which are within the detectability of the current EM equipment. This suggests a possibility to monitor the EM disturbances associated with undersea earthquakes and use them to serve the earthquake early warning, helping to mitigate the societal impact of large earthquakes.
Novel approaches to disseminating transformation research for food science and technology—looking forwards to the 60th volume of the International Journal of Food Science and Technology
Authors: Brennan Charles Stephen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
2025 marks the publishing of the 60th Volume of the International Journal of Food Science and Technology. This editorial highlights developments to be seen in 2025 for the journal as well as highlighting some of the key references published IJFST over the last 5 years. This gives an insight into the global trends we are experiencing in innovation and process development in food science, technology and consumer nutrition.