bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Karakterisasi dan Penetapan Kadar Flavonoid Total Ekstrak dan Fraksi Bunga Pepaya Jantan (Carica papaya L.) dengan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis
Authors: Pratiwi Dilla Nur , Utami Nastiti , Pratimasari Diah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground: The potential of male papaya flowers (Carica papaya L.) as functional herbal ingredients, such as antioxidants, is influenced by the activity of secondary metabolites, one of them is flavonoid.Objective: This study to determine the content of flavonoid and characterization flavonoids in ethanol extract and fractions of male papaya flower (Carica papaya L.).Method: Male papaya flower was maceration using ethanol 70% then fractionated using multilevel fractionation. Identification flavonoid was tested by using the Taubeck, Wilstater, and TLC. Extract and fractions were determined the content of flavonoid using colorimetric method and identification of flavonoids based on the wavelength of cinnamoyl and benzoyl in the spectrum UV-Vis.Results: The results of the determination of flavonoid content showed that ethanol extract was the highest 0.6805 ± 0.0045 %QE and n-hexane fractions was the lowest 0.4178 ± 0.0058 %QE. Identification of flavonoids using UV-Vis spectroscopy method showed the absorption of substituted 3-OH flavonol and free 3-OH flavonol.Conclusion: The highest flavonoid content was found in the ethanol extract of male papaya flower. The types of flavonoids in the extract and fractions of male papaya flower indicated the type of flavonol based on the wavelength of cinnamoyl and benzoyl.Keywords: carica, flavonoid, cinnamoyl, benzoyl, UV-Vis Intisari Latar belakang: Potensi bunga pepaya jantan (Carica papaya L.) sebagai bahan fungsional herbal, seperti antioksidan dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas dari metabolit sekunder, salah satunya flavonoid.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar flavonoid total serta karakterisasi flavonoid dalam ekstrak etanol dan fraksi bunga pepaya jantan (Carica papaya L.).Metode: Bunga pepaya jantan dilakukan maserasi dengan etanol 70%, dilanjutkan fraksinasi bertingkat. Identifikasi flavonoid dilakukan menggunakan metode Taubeck, Wilstater dan KLT. Kadar flavonoid ekstrak dan fraksi ditetapkan menggunakan metode kolorimetri serta identifikasi flavonoid berdasarkan pita cinnamoyl dan benzoyl pada spektrum UV-Vis.Hasil: Hasil penetapan kadar flavonoid menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol memiliki kadar tertinggi sebesar 0,6805 ± 0,0045 %QE, serta kadar terendah dalam fraksi n-heksan sebesar 0,4178 ± 0,0058 %QE. Identifikasi flavonoid metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis menunjukkan penyerapan flavonol 3-OH substitusi dan flavonol 3-OH bebas.Kesimpulan: Kadar flavonoid tertinggi ditemukan dalam ekstrak etanol bunga pepaya. Jenis flavonoid dalam ekstrak dan fraksi bunga pepaya jantan mengindikasikan jenis flavonol berdasarkan panjang gelombang dari cinnamoyl dan benzoyl.Kata kunci : carica, flavonoid, cinnamoyl, benzoyl, UV-Vis
Advance in Cell Cultures, Cell Fusion and Cell Splitting of Medicinal and Edible Plant
Authors: Shi Fumei , Wang Chao 
Published: September 2023

With worsening environmental degradation and increasing international demand for human health, plant cell based technology will be more important. The aim of this review is to give an overview regarding key points of current progress and development trend of nature medical and edible plants from the framework of whole plant cell engineering including cell cultures, cell fusion and cell splitting derived biotechnology. Here we sum up three main application trends of medical plants cell cultures covering industrial output, technology upgrading and potential resource development. We also provide classification and typification insights to summarize the development of somatic hybridization in cereal, vegetables crops and other medicinal and edible plants as well as application of artificial polyploidy induction in major medicinal herbs. Development medicinal and edible homologous plants based on modern plant cell engineering will bring us a promising future.
IMPLEMNETASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN EKSPERIMEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V-C SDN DUKUH MENANGGAL 1IMPLEMNETASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN EKSPERIMEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V-C SDN DUKUH MENANGGAL 1
Authors: Tuty Setijani  
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (a) mengetahui pengaruh metode pembelajaran eksperimen terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas V-C, (b) Mengetahui tingkat penguasaan materi pelajaran tematik tema sehat itu penting dengan menerapkan metode eksperimen. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak dua putaran. Setiap putaran terdiri dari dua tahap, yaitu : rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan,refleksi dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah Siswa Kelas V-C SDN Dukuh Menanggal I Surabaya Tahun Pelajaran 2018-2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menerapkan metode pembelajaran eksperimen memperoleh hasil berikut ini, nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar siswa pada siklus I mencapai 76,35 dan pada siklus II mendapatkan nilai 84,53. Sedangkan, ketuntasan klasikal pada siklus I memperoleh persentase 75% dan siklus II sebesar 93,75%. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran eksperimen dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar kelas V-C SDN Dukuh Menanggal I Surabaya Tahun pelajaran 2018-2019, serta model pembelajaran ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternative pembelajaran tematik.
Deciphering the Non-Linear Nexus Between Government Size and Inflation in MENA Countries: An Application of Dynamic-Panel Threshold Model
Authors: Tariq Asif , Amin Aadil , Ahmad Masroor 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Contradictory to conventional economic theory, which foresees any increase in the size of government as inflationary, this article provides evidence that the reaction of price levels to changes in the size of government is nonlinear. The price levels do not necessarily increase in response to a rise in the size of the government but only up to a certain threshold or optimal level. Accordingly, this paper utilises the dynamic panel threshold model to examine the threshold effects of government size (measured as government final consumption expenditure as a proportion of GDP) on inflatn using a sample of 10 selected MENA countries from 1980 to 2019. The findings of this study stand out in several ways. First, the results support the nonlinear relationship between government size and inflation in the study area. Second, the government size's estimated threshold level is equivalent to 12.46 percent. Third, government size negatively impacts inflation in the regime of small governments up to the threshold level. The impact turns positive once the government size goes beyond the threshold level in a regime of large size of government. These findings have ramifications for the conduct of fiscal policy. Policymakers in the MENA region can increase the size of government till it reaches the threshold level without exerting any upward pressure on price levels.
Character strengths and turnover intention among primary health workers: a moderated mediation analysis
Authors: Huang Xianhong , Jia Jie , Chen Hanlin , Gao Yuan , Xu Chenjie , Zhu Hailong , Zhang Hao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
More than half of China’s primary healthcare workers express turnover intention, but the mechanisms driving this remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the impact of character strengths, career calling, and work motivation on turnover intention among primary healthcare workers in Zhejiang Province.
Methods
Data from 875 primary healthcare workers were collected using questionnaires. T-tests, factorial analysis of variance, and hierarchical linear regression were employed to analyze the factors influencing turnover intentions. The PROCESS Macro was used to explore and verify the influencing paths and mechanisms.
Results
The direct impact of character strengths on turnover intention was not significant. However, career calling had a complete mediating effect on the relationship between character strengths and turnover intention. Furthermore, intrinsic motivation had a negative moderating effect on the relationship between character strengths and career calling, while extrinsic motivation had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between career calling and turnover intentions.
Conclusions
Therefore, management personnel at basic medical institutions should offer character strengths training for employees and promote the application of character strengths in clinical work. Simultaneously, management personnel should use internal and external incentives to stimulate employees’ work enthusiasm, maintain adequate work motivation levels, strengthen career calling education, and guide primary healthcare workers to enhance their professional identity and sense of responsibility—thereby reducing turnover intention.
Agroforestry for improved food security: A case study in a cocoa-producing zone in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: Atangana Alain R. , Adouko Edith Agbo , Kossia Prisca Kossonou , Kouassi Patrice Tehia , Kouamé Christophe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Food security is a pressing issue in tropical regions, where cash crop cultivation often competes with food crop production. This study evaluates the potential of agroforestry to enhance food security in a cocoa-producing zone in Côte d'Ivoire. A comprehensive survey identified commonly consumed foods, including pounded yam with okra sauce, rice with peanut sauce, rice with eggplant sauce, boiled yam with taro sauce, placali with palm fruit sauce, avocado, and guava. Analyses revealed varying characteristics among the foods, with pounded yam and okra sauce having the highest dry matter content (94.66%) and guava and placali with palm nut sauce exhibiting acidic pH values (4.13 and 4.61). Rice with eggplant sauce displayed the lowest titratable acidity, while avocado had the highest ash content. Rice with eggplant sauce and rice with peanut sauce were protein-rich, while guava, pounded yam with okra sauce, and rice with peanut sauce had low lipid content. Conversely, avocado, placali with palm fruit sauce, and boiled yam with taro leaves contained high lipid levels. All foods, except fruits, provided more than the recommended daily energy intake. Additionally, cocoa producers exhibited higher levels of food security (78.6%) and better food consumption scores (87.5%) compared to non-cocoa producers (82.5%).
Protocol of a Cluster Randomised Trial of BodyKind: A School-Based Body Image Programme for Adolescents
Authors: Mahon Ciara , Booth Ailbhe , Hamburger Denise , Yager Zali , Jennifer B. Webb , Fitzgerald Amanda , Howard Emma 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Poor body image is prevalent among adolescents and associated with several negative outcomes for their physical and psychological health. There is a pressing need to address this growing public health concern, yet there is a lack of evidence-informed universal programmes for older adolescents that address contemporary body image concerns (i.e., social media). BodyKind is a four lesson, school-based, teacher led, universal body image programme that incorporates empiricallysupported principles of cognitive dissonance, self-compassion, compassion for others and social activism, to support positive body image development. Building on previous pilot trials in the USA, this paper outlines the protocol for a cluster randomised control trial (RCT) and implementation evaluation of the BodyKind programme which was culturally adapted for the Irish cultural context.
Methods
We aim to recruit 600 students aged 15–17 years in Transition Year (4th year) across 26 second-level schools in Ireland. Using minimisation, schools will be randomly assigned to receive BodyKind (intervention condition, n = 300) or classes as usual (waitlist control, n = 300). Teachers in intervention groups will receive training and deliver the programme to students over four weeks, at a rate of one lesson per week. Primary outcomes of body appreciation, body dissatisfaction and psychological wellbeing and secondary outcomes of self-compassion, compassion for others, body ideal internalisation, social justice motives and appearance-based social media use will be assessed at pre-, post- and 2 month follow up. Mediation and moderation analyses will be conducted to identify how and for whom the intervention works best. An implementation evaluation will assess the quality of programme implementation across schools and how this may influence intervention outcomes. Waitlist control schools will receive the programme after the 2-month follow up.
Conclusion
This study will be the first to implement a cRCT and an implementation evaluation to assess the impact of this multicomponent school-based body image programme designed to support healthy body image development. If shown to be effective, BodyKind will have the potential to improve adolescent body image and wellbeing and inform efforts to implement sustainable and scalable programmes in schools.
Trial registration
The trial was retrospectively registered on 18/07/2023 on the OSF registry [osf.io/nhje4]]
Comparison of the effect of open and closed suction methods on the incidence of hypoxia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in the patients admitted to the ICU-A clinical trial study
Authors: Pakizeh Zeinab , Asadizaker Marziyeh , Shariati Abdolali , Savaie Mohsen , Saki Amel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
various strategies are offered to prevent VAP, which include a wide and significant range of measures. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of open and closed suction methods on the incidence of hypoxia and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in the patients admitted to the ICU.
Methods
In this clinical trial study, among the patients admitted to the ICU of Golestan and Amir Al-Momenin hospitals in Ahvaz, Iran, 184 patients with inclusion criteria were selected non-randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The data collection tools were demographic information questionnaire and medical checklist based on Modified Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (MCPIS) and pulse oximetry device. In the intervention group, suctioning was performed by closed method and in the control group, open suctioning was performed. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 22 software.
Results
The mean age of participants was 50.07 ± 18 18.30. According to the findings, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of hypoxia changes (p < 0.001) so that the rate of hypoxia changes trend in the intervention group over time was more than the control group. The rate of fio2 changes during the first to fifth days in the intervention and control groups was statistically significant and the level of fio2 in the intervention group was higher than the control group. However, the results of GEE did not show a significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of VAP (P = 0.167).
Conclusions
While using both suction methods and proposing to conduct more studies in this field, it is recommended to use closed suction, due to the improvement of the hypoxia situation, the reduction of the need for disposable materials (gloves, etc.) and less manpower, as a preferred method is to be used.
Validation and Evaluation of School-Based Mental Health Literacy Training Program The Guide Cymru in Iranian Adolescent Students Aged 13-15: Study Protocol
Authors: zeidabadi Batool , Khodayarian Mahsa , Sadeghi Reza , Jambarsang Sara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Schools are an ideal setting for enhancing mental health literacy, a crucial strategy for improving adolescents' mental health knowledge and attitudes and promoting help-seeking. "The Guide Cymru" program is an adaptation of the mental health literacy program" The Guide" that was developed in Canada. The program will be culturally adapted for 13- to 15-year-old Iranian adolescent students in the first secondary schools.
Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, using the stratified random sampling procedure, the whole eighth and ninth grade student body (aged 13 to 15) from Sirjan City's first secondary schools will be included in the study. Twenty first secondary schools will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: control or intervention. Finally, 562 students and 40 teachers will participate in the research. The tools of mental health literacy scale (MHLs), mental health general knowledge and attitudes related to mental disorders/illnesses are employed in this study.
Discussion
This trial aims to is to explore whether "The Guide Cymru", a mental health literacy program offered to students as part of the school curriculum, can decrease the stigma associated with mental health and promote help-seeking behaviors among students.
Comorbid health conditions and their impact on social isolation, loneliness, quality of life, and well-being in people with dementia: longitudinal findings from the IDEAL programme
Authors: Sabatini Serena , Martyr Anthony , Hunt Anna , Gamble Laura , Matthews Fiona E , Thom Jeanette , Jones Roy W. , Allan Louise , Knapp Martin , Victor Christina , Rusted Jennifer M , Morris Robin G , Clare Linda , Pentecost Claire 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Most people with dementia have multiple health conditions. This study explores 1) number and type of health condition(s) in people with dementia overall and in relation to age, sex, dementia subtype, and cognition; 2) change in number of health conditions over two years; and 3) whether over time the number of health conditions at baseline is related to social isolation, loneliness, quality of life, and/or well-being.Methods Longitudinal data from the IDEAL (Improving the experience of Dementia and Enhancing Active Life) cohort were used. Participants comprised people with dementia (n = 1490) living in the community (at baseline) in Great Britain. Health conditions using the Charlson Comorbidity Index, cognition, social isolation, loneliness, quality of life, and well-being were assessed over two years. Mixed effects modelling was used.Results On average participants had 1.8 health conditions at baseline, excluding dementia; increasing to 2.5 conditions over two years. Those with vascular dementia or mixed (Alzheimer’s and vascular) dementia had more health conditions than those with Alzheimer’s disease. People aged ≥ 80 had more health conditions than those aged < 65 years. At baseline having more health conditions was associated with increased loneliness, poorer quality of life, and poorer well-being, but was either minimally or not associated with cognition, sex, and social isolation. Number of health conditions had either minimal or no influence on these variables over time.Conclusions People with dementia in IDEAL generally had multiple health conditions and those with more health conditions were lonelier, had poorer quality of life, and poorer well-being.
Equity and trend predictions of human resources for health allocation at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in China, 2005-2020
Authors: Chang Jingru , Xu Shuqian , Ma Guoliang , Wu Qifeng , Xu Xinpeng , Lu Hui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Improving the accessibility and efficiency of human resources for health (HRH) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCs) is an important component of China's public health system. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze CDC HRH in terms of the quantity, quality and equity of allocation, and offer sound recommendations for strengthening HRH at the CDCs.
Method
This study provided a descriptive analysis of the quantity and quality of CDC HRH using indicators such as the total number of CDC staff, public health workforce density, age, education level and technical title. The Gini coefficient and agglomeration degree were used to measure the equity of CDC HRH allocation. The grey model first order one variable (GM (1,1)) was used to predict the number of HRH at the CDCs.
Results
From 2005 to 2020, the public health workforce density of CDCs was below the Chinese government's required standard of 1.75 per 10,000 residents. The CDCs have always faced the problem of understaffing and attrition. The GM (1,1) model showed that the number of CDC HRH will continue to decrease from 2021 to 2025. In addition, the quality of CDC HRH showed a gradual aging trend and a lack of high-quality talent. The Gini coefficient indicated that the overall equity of CDC HRH allocation by population was relatively better than that by geographical area. The aggregation degree showed significant differences in the equity of CDC HRH allocation in the eastern, central and western regions.
Conclusions
The findings indicate that it is necessary to further optimize the number and structure of CDC HRH and enhance the equity of resource allocation among different regions. However, these results were not due to a single cause. It is essential to improve existing policies and establish effective planning to strengthen the public health workforce at the CDCs and meet the needs of the public health system.
International Survey of People Living with Chronic Conditions (PaRIS survey): effects of general practitioner non-participation on the representativeness of the Norwegian patient data
Authors: Bjertnaes Øyvind A. , Skudal Kjersti E. , Berg Michael J. , Porter Ian , Holmboe Olaf , Norman Rebecka M. , Iversen Hilde H. , Ellingsen-Dalskau Lina H. , Valderas Jose M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The International Survey of People living with Chronic Conditions (OECD-PaRIS survey), aims to systematically gather patient-reported experiences (PREMs) and - outcomes (PROMs) and potential predictors for these outcomes for persons with chronic conditions as well as information from professionals about health care provided. In such patient surveys, the advantages of a multilevel (nested) approach in which patients are sampled ‘within providers’ need to be balanced against the potential for bias if patient populations from participating GPs significantly differ from those of non-participating GPs. The objective was to assess the effects of general practitioner (GP) non-participation on the representativeness of the Norwegian patient data of the International Survey of People living with Chronic Conditions (OECD-PaRIS survey).
Methods
For the Norwegian part of the field trial in 2022, we randomly sampled and surveyed 75 GPs and 125 patients 45 years and older for each GP, regardless of whether their GP were also participating in the study. We compared GP and patient characteristics as well as patient-reported experiences and outcomes according to GP participation status in bivariate analysis, supplemented with multiple linear regressions with PREMs/PROMs as dependent variables and participation status as independent adjusting for significant patient factors.
Results
17 of 75 sampled GPs participated (22.7%), of which 993 of 2,015 patients responded (49.3%). 3,347 of 7,080 patients of non-responding GPs answered (47.3%). Persons with chronic conditions from participating GPs reported significantly better patient-centred coordinated care (p = 0.017), overall experiences with the GP office the last 12 months (p = 0.004), mental well-being (p = 0.039) and mental health (p = 0.013) than patients from non-participating GPs. The raw differences between participating and non-participating GPs on the primary outcomes varied from 1.5 to 2.9 points on a 0-100 scale, and from 2.2 to 3.0 after adjustment for case-mix.
Conclusions
The Norwegian field trial indicates that estimates based on participants in the PaRIS survey may modestly overestimate patient-reported experiences and -outcomes at the aggregated level and the need for more research within and across countries to identify and address this potential bias.