bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Principle and application of high pressure hydraulic slotting pressure relief and energy release in deep roadway
Authors: Ning Jianguo , Yang Shang , Li Xuehui , Wang Jun , Shi Xinshuai , Zhang Zhaohui 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The essence of deep roadway dynamic disaster lies in the sudden release of surrounding rock elastic energy. High-pressure hydraulic slotting (HPHS) has become a new method for pressure relief and energy release of roadway surrounding rock. In view of the lack of qualitative description of the response relationship between parameters of HPHS and pressure relief and energy release degree of roadway surrounding rock. In this paper, theoretical analyses, numerical simulations, on-site industrial practice, and other methods are comprehensively used to carry out relevant research work. First, the structure model of pressure relief and energy release of coal by HPHS in the deep roadway was established, the principle of pressure relief and energy release by HPHS was revealed, and the principles and methods for determining the pressure relief parameters such as the range of slot, the spacing of the slot hole, and the spacing of slot were proposed. Three evaluation indexes of pressure relief and energy release effect of coal after HPHS were proposed, namely, stress ratio of coal, elastic energy density ratio of coal, and displacement rate of the roadway rib. According to the evaluation indexes, the degree of pressure relief and energy release was divided into three levels: reverse pressurization, full pressure relief, and transitional pressure relief. Then, the FLAC3D numerical model was constructed, the level of pressure relief and energy release under different HPHS parameters was analyzed, and the optimal slotting parameters were determined. Finally, the on-site industrial practice was carried out in the 7312 working face of Xinhe Coal Mine. The effect test shows that the effect of pressure relief and energy release was remarkable after HPHS was adopted on the roadway surrounding rock, which can effectively reduce the risk of rock bursts. The research results can further improve HPHS technology systems, and provide a theoretical basis and technical reference for the stability control of deep roadway surrounding rock.
Acute effect of Prone Trunk-Extension on the biomechanical properties of lumbar and dorsal lower limb muscles
Authors: Zhang Yuting , Chen Mengtong , He Yanan , Li Yuanchao , Yu Suiqing , Liang Hongying , Yin Junxiao , Sun Pengtao , Zhang Zhijie , Liu Chunlong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Fascia attaches to and wraps around muscles throughout the body to expand the range of action and redistribute force transmission. However, specific data on the myofascial tensegrity network of the lumbar and lower limbs are lacking.
Objective: This study investigated the effect of the prone trunk extension test (PTE) on muscle stiffness in the lower limbs, explored the optimal angle for lumbar muscle training, and analyzed the mechanical conduction patterns of the lumbar and lower limb muscles in the myofascial tension network.
Design: This was a laboratory-based experimental study.
Method: Twenty healthy young females were recruited for this study, and the stiffness of the erector spinae (ES), semitendinosus (ST), biceps femoris (BF), the medial head of the gastrocnemius (MG), and lateral head of the gastrocnemius (LG) was measured by MyotonPRO under four angular PTE conditions (0° horizontal position, 10°, 20°, and 30°).
Results: With the increasing angle, the stiffness of ES decreased gradually, while ST and BF increased first and then decreased. The stiffness of MG and LG increased first and then decreased and then increased. There was a negative correlation between ES stiffness variation and ST (r=-0.819 to -0.728, p<0.001), BF (r=-0.620 to -0.527, p<0.05), MG (r=-788 to -0.611, p<0.01), and LG (r=-0.616 to -0.450, p<0.05).
Conclusions: Horizontal PTE maximizes activation of ES. There is a tension transfer between ES, hamstrings, and gastrocnemius, mainly between ST and LG. The study provides data to explore the myofascial tensegrity network between the lumbar and lower limb muscles.
Detection of Image Tampering Using Deep Learning, Error Levels &amp; Noise Residuals
Authors: Chakraborty Sunen , Chatterjee Kingshuk , Dey Paramita 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Images once were considered as a reliable source of information. However, when photo-editing software started to get noticed it gave rise to illegal activities that is called image tampering. These days we can came across innumerable tampered images across the internet. Software such as Photoshop, GNU Image Manipulation Program, etc. are applied to form tampered images from real ones in just a few minutes. When it comes to discover hidden signs of tampering in an image deep learning models are far more effective than any other methods. Models used in deep learning are capable of extracting intricate features from an image automatically. To differentiate between authentic and tampered images we presented a dual-branch Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in conjunction with Error Level Analysis (ELA) and noise residuals from Spatial Rich Model (SRM). For our experiment we utilized the freely accessible CASIA dataset. After training the dual-branch network for 16 epochs, it generated an accuracy of 98.55%. We have also provided a comparative analysis with other previously proposed work in the field of image forgery detection. This experiment is done to prove that deep learning models along with some well known traditional approaches can provide better results for detecting tampered images.
Exploring the Binding Mechanism of Novel T. Brucei Leucine tRNA Synthase Inhibitors Based on QSAR Modeling, Molecular Docking, ADMET Prediction and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Zhang Xing , Wang Chao , Tong Jianbo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) has received increasing attention as a promising target for the treatment of African Trypanosomiasis. A series of new core structures containing benzoxaborole, in which boric acid is embedded in a five-membered ring, have been reported recently with potent antitrypanosomiasis activity. In this study, 47 human Trypanosoma brucei leucine tRNA synthetase inhibitors (TbLeuRS) were modeled by three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR, Topomer CoMFA) and hologram quantitative structure-activity relationship (HQSAR). The constructed model was combined with calculation, including topomer search, molecular design, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD), free energy calculation and ADME/T prediction study, to clarify the binding mechanism and pharmacological action of inhibitors, and to design new antitrypanosomiasis drugs. The results show that the constructed QSAR model has good predictive ability (Topomer CoMFA: =q2=0.563, r2=0.906, HQSAR:q2=0.723, and r2=0.946). The skeleton of the template molecule was retained, and 70 small molecular compounds with novel structures were obtained after fragment replacement of the two groups. Ten inhibitors were obtained from these small molecule compounds after ADMET prediction, activity value prediction and ‘rule of five’ screening. Then molecular docking was performed, and four hit compounds (T10, T13, T32 and T61) were finally screened according to the score function. The docking results indicate that hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions play an important role in improving the binding affinity of the inhibitor to hot residues around the binding pocket. Finally, the inhibitor was also found to be relatively stable in the binding pocket by MD simulations. This study is expected to provide new ideas for the further rational design of the activity prediction, molecular design and modification of novel and highly effective antitrypanosome drugs targeting LeuRS.
Surface roughness induced stress concentration
Authors: Persson B. N.J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
When a body is exposed to external forces large local stresses may occur at the surface because of surface roughness. Surface stress concentration is important for many application and in particular for fatigue due to pulsating external forces. For randomly rough surfaces I calculate the probability distribution of surface stress in response to a uniform external tensile stress. I present numerical simulation results for the stress distribution σ(x, y) and show that in a typical case the maximum local tensile stress may be ∼ 10 times bigger than the applied stress. I discuss the role of the stress concentration on plastic deformation and surface crack generation and propagation.
Theoretical study on fracture mechanism of rock bridge considering crack plastic propagation
Authors: Zhou Cong , Gao Wei , Chen Xin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The research on the fracture mechanism of rock bridge is helpful to better understanding the failure process of rocks. In this paper, in order to study the influence of wing crack propagation on the stability of rock bridges, a new maximum plastic zone size fracture criterion is established according to the extension of plastic zone accompanied by crack propagation. Based on the new crack fracture criterion, a corresponding critical judgment condition is proposed considering the influence of multi-crack interaction on the wing crack propagation. Then, the fracture mechanism of rock bridges from the perspective of plastic zone extension was explored based on three different crack distribution models (cracks of equal length in parallel). It was found that the fracture mode of the rock bridge is deeply influenced by the dip angle of the rock bridge in the case where the rock bridge is of equal length to the pre-existing crack. The contact speed and contact mode of plastic zone varies for different dip angles of the rock bridge, but all the contact of plastic zone will eventually cause plastic yielding in the rock bridge zone. And then, the secondary cracks always start to propagate in the range of the plastic zone formed by the wing cracks, and eventually the rock bridge forms a macroscopic fracture damage due to the propagation of the secondary cracks.
Corrosion behaviour of microstructurally modified elastic rail clip steel under crevice and aggressive salt fog exposure
Authors: . Neetu , Sangal S. , Mondal K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the present work, existing Indian elastic rail clip steel (tempered martensite) is microstructurally modified to bainite using austempering route. Crevice corrosion of elastic rail clip (ERC) is of major concern as metal dissolution can cause the loosening of the rail clip assembly (such as rail clip‒insert and rail clip‒liner) and lack of performance. Furthermore, the surface of rail clip exposed to the atmosphere could also be affected by the corrosive environment. The present work concentrates on the findings of crevice corrosion and wet‒dry salt fog exposure of the austempered ERC steels in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution for 30 days and compared with the as‒received (existing) ERC steel which consists of tempered martensitic structure. The severity of corrosion has been investigated by studying the surface dissolution and the rust formed on the exposed surfaces of the ERC steels after the crevice and salt fog tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical profilometry have been used for the analysis of surface dissolution behaviour. Moreover, the rust formed on the exposed surfaces characterized using SEM shows the presence of various rust phases, such as α‒FeOOH, β‒FeOOH, γ‒FeOOH, α‒Fe2O3, etc. Furthermore, Raman spectroscopy has been used for the confirmation and quantification of these rust phases. The higher protective ability index (PAI) calculated from the quantitative assessment of different rust measured from Raman spectroscopy shows the better corrosion resistance of the austempered ERC steels.
Genetic polymorphisms of vitamin D receptor gene and the risk of Hashimoto's thyroiditis: an Iraqi case-control study
Authors: Majid Wajdy J. , Abulrazzaq Ali B , Al-Koofee Dhafer A.F. , Algenabi A. , Omara Ali M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Recently, the vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms has been linked to various autoimmune diseases. The key aim of this study is to explore the association between VDR gene polymorphisms (rs2228570, rs1544410, rs731236, rs7975232) and the risk of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) among the Iraqi population.
Methods
Peripheral blood samples were used to isolate genomic DNAs from 180 HT patients and 200 healthy controls. Four VDR gene loci were amplified, and the obtained amplicons were then digested using the restriction enzymes FokI, BsmI, TaqI and ApaI. The digested fragments were then electrophoresed on agarose gel (2.5%). HT polymorphisms and estimated haplotypes were computed by odds ratios (ORs).
Results
After stratification by age, gender and body mass index (BMI), univariate logistic regression statistical analysis revealed a significantly higher incidence of FokI (rs2228570) polymorphisms in HT patients compared to healthy controls. In contrast, the incidence of the BsmI (rs1544410) and TaqI (rs731236) polymorphisms were significantly higher in healthy controls than in the HT patient group. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis of pairs of SNPs revealed that the polymorphisms in the VDR gene (rs731236 A/G and rs7975232 G/C) were in strong LD in an HT model (D’= 0.86). Furthermore, AAGC and AAGT haplotype models (OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.09 − 2.07; OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.06 − 2.45, P = 0.02) were associated with an increased risk of HT, while the AACC haplotype model (OR = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.15–0.90, P = 0.02) exhibited a significantly decreased the risk of developing HT.
Conclusion
Our research supports the association between HT and the FokI polymorphism among the Iraqi population. In addition, the haplotype analysis reveals that the combination of mutant alleles from several VDR gene polymorphisms makes these individuals more susceptible to HT.
Efektivitas Pertanian Perkotaan (Urban Farming) dalam Mitigasi Urban Heat Island di Kawasan Perkotaan
Authors: Octarino Christian Nindyaputra 
Published: February 2023

Title: The Effectiveness of Urban Farming for Urban Heat Island Mitigation in Urban Areas

Urban farming and greenery are the emerging idea in maintaining a sustainable environment in term of economic, social, and environmental aspects. The existence of urban farming is primarily aimed to maintaining food security for the community, especially in the pandemic crisis. Moreover, the high rate of urbanization also affects the transformation of urban space, which is one of the factors causing climate change. The integration of vegetation in urban area is considered to be a strategy to maintain the quality of the microclimate and reducing the intensity of the urban heat island. This study aims to observe the effectiveness of urban farming/greenery in maintaining the microclimate quality at District of Tompeyan Yogyakarta, which is well known for their urban farming integrated inside the residential areas. Using field measurement and simulation methods, the results show that the vegetation in the outdoor space have a significant impact, especially related to surface temperature and air temperature. The simulation using ENVI-MET shows that there is an increase in the thermal comfort index in the areas with vegetation, although it has not yet reached the ideal value. This represents how the role of vegetation in urban heat island mitigation to provide a comfortable and sustainable environment. The study can be further developed regarding the impact of other physical elements on microclimate to be the foundation for spatial planning recommendations.
Direitos sexuais e reprodutivos e a criminalização do aborto como estratégia do biopoder
Authors: Nielsson Joice , Carrion Letícia Gheller Zanatta 
Published: February 2023

Os direitos sexuais e reprodutivos das mulheres suscitam grande debate social e jurídico, sendo inegável a necessidade de ampliar a discussão para avançar na busca da igualdade de gênero. O presente artigo pretende fazer uma análise sobre a temática tratando das construções de gênero e dos direitos humanos, da liberdade reprodutiva da mulher, bem como da biopolítica e do controle exercido sobre o corpo feminino, com ênfase na análise da criminalização do aborto como uma estratégia biopolítica de controle dos corpos femininos. Para conseguir desenvolver a pesquisa será utilizado o método o dedutivo, com a produção baseada em livros, artigos e legislações sobre o tema, ou seja, uma pesquisa qualitativa.
As fronteiras da interferência judicial no processo arbitral
Authors: Beatris Mariano da Rocha Barcellos Terra Rosane , Streit Carraro Guilherme , Ferreira Maria Paula da Rosa 
Published: February 2023

A presente pesquisa visa responder ao dilema de como se conciliam a arbitragem e a jurisdição estatal no contexto brasileiro. Por meio de uma reflexão sobre a arbitragem e as fronteiras que a circundam, impõe-se o questionamento quanto aos limites e possibilidades da interferência judicial no processo arbitral, para tanto, estruturou-se a produção em três tópicos de análise, sendo estes: O controle judicial sobre a jurisdição arbitral; A complementariedade entre as jurisdições arbitrais e estatais; E, as relações entre a arbitragem e o Poder Judiciário. Como método de abordagem, aplicou-se o dedutivo, partindo-se de premissas tidas como verdadeiras para se chegar a uma conclusão lógica. Como método de procedimento, empregou-se o monográfico. Observou-se como fundamental a busca pelo equilíbrio harmônico entre a garantia da arbitragem com o devido processo legal. Sendo assim, verificou-se que a arbitragem não pode ser avaliada por um viés de absoluta independência do Poder Judiciário, tendo em vista que cabe à jurisdição estatal prestar o devido suporte e assistência ao seu processo.
A pilot study on the dual membrane process of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration to treat algae-laden raw water compared to O3-BAC
Authors: Ding Xingqi , Yu Zhenxun , Chu Huaqiang , Wang Dong , Liu Kunqiao , Wang Buyun , Tong Caihuan , Dong Bingzhi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, a dual membrane process that combines seven-hole ultrafiltration and nanofiltration was designed and compared to O3-biological activated carbon (O3-BAC) for high-quality drinking water production. The pollutant removal, membrane fouling, long-term operational characteristics, and technical economy were systematically investigated using raw water from Tai Lake, which has a high algae content. The results elucidate that the dual membrane process has superb decontamination. This method has much better removal of turbidity, CODMn, UV254, and algae than O3-BAC. Its removal of ammonia nitrogen and fluorescent substances is slightly lower than that of O3-BAC, but the effluent still satisfies the drinking water standard. The dual membrane process is also much more capable of dealing with high algae-laden raw water. Compared to O3-BAC, the cost of the dual membrane process is 46.4% higher per ton without consuming chemicals, so it is more environmentally friendly. In summary, the dual membrane process offers a promising and effective technology to treat high algae-laden water with the advantages of high stability, reliable effluent, and zero emissions.
Occurrence of tire-derived microplastics (TMPs) focusing on driving behavior
Authors: Nishimagi Chisato , Yanagihara Masami , Fang Yiming , Sakai Hiroshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecently, microplastic (MP) contamination of the aquatic environment has been reported. Marine MP pollution (especially terrestrial-sourced MPs derived from vehicle tires) is considered a global problem because marine organisms may ingest toxic substances. In this study, we analyzed the generation and occurrence of tire-derived MPs (TMPs) that originate from tire dust on roadways and also focused on driving behavior. The results suggested that the number of TMPs increased in proportion to the increase in traffic volume within the range of 10,000–30,000 vehicles/day. The influence of driving behavior was explored by comparing the number of TMPs at distances of 30, 50 and 70 m from the stop line and by assuming a difference in braking behavior. Traffic video was recorded in conjunction with sampling and was analyzed in parallel with the TMPs. The results demonstrated that brakes were applied for an acceleration rate of over −10 m/s2 at distances of 60 and 80 m from the stop line, which resulted in an approximate increase of 28% in the number of TMPs at approximately 70 m. With these results, it can be concluded that the number of TMPs increases due to the traffic volume and braking behavior.
Start-up of non-bioaugmented pumice biofilters in flow-through and recirculating flow regime for Mn removal
Authors: Araya-Obando José Andrés , Rietveld Luuk C. , Kelly-Coto Daniel E. , Quesada-González Andrea , Caballero-Chavarría Andrey , Romero-Esquivel Luis G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Biofilters are effectively used for drinking water treatment. However, the long ripening time of virgin media for manganese (Mn) removal is a major concern. In this study, the influence of the flow regime on the ripening time of virgin pumice medium was investigated. For this purpose, pilot-scale experiments were performed to compare the start-up of flow-through and recirculating filter columns using inherent inoculation with the same groundwater source. The systems were operated at 2 m·h−1 with gradual flow increments up to 5 m·h−1 and avoiding Fe-loading. Effective Mn removal (&gt;90%) in flow-through and recirculating columns was achieved after 8 and 23 days, respectively. Flow-through columns reached compliance with a local drinking water criterion (Mn &lt; 0.1 mg·L−1) at 15 cm filter depth in 11 days. Recirculating filter columns required 32 days to reach compliance at 30 cm depth. The start-up in recirculation regime resulted in a water consumption reduction of about 50% compared with flow-through regime. The intermittent provision of the Mn-loading in recirculating regime impacted the Mn-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) concentration in the pumice stone medium. Both flow regimes required a similar total Mn-loading (0.16 and 0.11 kg·Mn·m−2, respectively), suggesting that Mn-loading was the limiting factor for the ripening of pumice.