bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fixed 20:1 combination of cafedrine/theodrenaline increases cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in human tracheal epithelial cells via ryanodine receptor-mediated Ca2+ release
Authors: Schmidt Götz , Rienas Gerrit , Müller Sabrina , Richter Katrin , Sander Michael , Koch Christian , Henrich Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMucociliary clearance is a pivotal physiological mechanism that protects the lung by cleaning the airways from pollution and colonization, thereby preventing infection. Ciliary function is influenced by various signal transduction cascades, and Ca2+ represents a key second messenger. A fixed 20:1 combination of cafedrine and theodrenaline has been widely used to treat perioperative hypotension and emergency hypotensive states since the 1960s; however, its effect on the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) of respiratory epithelium remains unknown. Therefore, human tracheal epithelial cells were exposed to the clinically applied 20:1 mixture of cafedrine/theodrenaline and the individual substances separately. [Ca2+]i was assessed by FURA-2 340/380 fluorescence ratio. Pharmacological inhibitors were applied to elucidate relevant signal transduction cascades, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on murine tracheal epithelium to analyze ryanodine receptor (RyR) subtype expression. All three pharmacological preparations instantaneously induced a steep increase in [Ca2+]i that quickly returned to its baseline value despite the persistence of each substance. Peak [Ca2+]i following the administration of 20:1 cafedrine/theodrenaline, cafedrine alone, and theodrenaline alone increased in a dose-dependent manner, with median effective concentrations of 0.35 mM (7.32 mM cafedrine and 0.35 mM theodrenaline), 3.14 mM, and 3.45 mM, respectively. When extracellular Ca2+ influx was inhibited using a Ca2+-free buffer solution, the peak [Ca2+]i following the administration of cafedrine alone and theodrenaline alone were reduced but not abolished. No alteration in [Ca2+]i compared with baseline [Ca2+]i was observed during β-adrenergic receptor inhibition. Depletion of caffeine-sensitive stores and inhibition of RyR, but not IP3 receptors, completely abolished any increase in [Ca2+]i. However, [Ca2+]i still increased following the depletion of mitochondrial Ca2+ stores using 2,4-dinitrophenol. RT-PCR revealed RyR-2 and RyR-3 expression on murine tracheal epithelium. Although our experiments showed that cafedrine/theodrenaline, cafedrine alone, or theodrenaline alone release Ca2+ from intracellular stores through mechanisms that are exclusively triggered by β-adrenergic receptor stimulation, which most probably lead to RyR activation, clinical plasma concentrations are considerably lower than those used in our experiments to elicit an increase in [Ca2+]i; therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the ability of cafedrine/theodrenaline to alter mucociliary clearance in clinical practice.
Prediction of some milk production traits using udder and teat measurements with a spotlight on their genetic background in Friesian cows
Authors: Saleh Ahmed. A. , Easa Ahmed A. , EL-Hedainy Dalia K. , Rashad Amr M. A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aggregate udder shape (Bowl, Round, Cup), udder measurements (udder width, UW, udder front depth, UFD, udder rear depth, URD, udder levelness, ULV, udder heights, UH) and teat measurements (teat diameters, TD, front teat length, FTL, rear teat length, RTL, distance between front teats, DFT and distance between rear teats, DRT) were measured on 1300 Friesian cows located in a commercial farm under subtropical conditions (Egypt) to appraise udder and teats status and to evaluate the possible relationships with some milk production characteristics in conjunction with udder shape, age at first calving, sire and inbreeding effects on udder morphological traits and milk production ability. For such an available sample size, parity had affected (P < 0.01) UFD, TD, FTL and RTL. In addition, udder shape affected (P < 0.01) UW, UFD, URD, ULV and DFT. None of the other studied factors affected milk production traits. The bowl udder shape (P < 0.01) yielded a high total milk yield (3267.19 kg), adjusted milk yield (2443.01 kg) and lactation length (480.70 d) compared to other udder shapes. The genetic correlations of UW with total milk yield and persistency were strongly positive (0.86 and 0.93, respectively). However, strong negative genetic correlations were found between UW with peak milk yield and lactation length (− 0.92 and − 0.80, respectively), between RTL with peak milk yield (− 0.92) and DRT with persistency (− 0.79). As found from the stepwise multiple regression, UW and URD can be used as good indicators for predicting milk yield and lactation length. Additionally, this study spotlights the genetic background of udder characteristics based on reliable studies and the QTL database for cattle as a first step toward applying this knowledge side by side with phenotypic traits to improve the productivity of the Holstein breed under subtropical conditions.
Serpin E1 mediates the induction of renal tubular degeneration and premature senescence upon diabetic insult
Authors: Chen Bo Han , Lu Xiao Qing , Liang Xian Hui , Wang Pei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs a leading cause of chronic kidney disease, diabetic kidney disease (DKD) involves insidious but progressive impairments of renal tubules, and is associated with premature renal aging. The underlying pathomechanisms remain elusive. Post hoc analyses of the publicly-available renal transcriptome revealed that TGFβ1 is overexpressed in renal tubulointerstitia in patients with DKD and positively correlated with kidney aging signaling. This finding was validated in kidney biopsy specimens collected from patients with DKD, associated with renal tubular senescence and degenerative changes. In vitro in renal tubular epithelial cells, exposure to a diabetic milieu, stimulated with high ambient glucose and TGFβ1, elicited premature senescence, as evidenced by staining for senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity and increased expression of p16INK4A, and p53. This coincided with Serpin E1 induction, in parallel with increased fibronectin accumulation and reduced expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin, all indicative of degenerative changes. Reminiscent of the action of typical senolytics, a small molecule inhibitor of Serpin E1 substantially mitigated the pro-senescent and degenerating effects of the diabetic milieu, suggesting an essential role of Serpin E1 in mediating renal tubular senescence upon diabetic insult. Moreover, inhibition of Serpin E1 abolished the diabetic insult-triggered paracrine senescence of renal tubular cells. In consistency, in patients with DKD, renal tubular expression of Serpin E1 was upregulated and positively correlated with tubular senescence and fibrosis in renal tubulointerstitia. Collectively, diabetic insult induces renal tubular degeneration and premature senescence via, at least in part, Serpin E1 signaling.
Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of amoxicillin using a spinning disc photocatalytic reactor (SDPR) with a novel Fe3O4@void@CuO/ZnO yolk-shell thin film nanostructure
Authors: Fallahizadeh Saeid , Gholami Mitra , Rahimi Mahmood Reza , Esrafili Ali , Farzadkia Mahdi , Kermani Majid 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAntibiotics are resistant compounds with low biological degradation that generally cannot be removed by conventional wastewater treatment processes. The use of yolk-shell nanostructures in spinning disc photocatalytic reactor (SDPR) enhances the removal efficiency due to their high surface-to-volume ratio and increased interaction between catalyst particles and reactants. The purpose of this study is to investigate the SDPR equipped to Fe3O4@void@CuO/ZnO yolk-shell thin film nanostructure (FCZ YS) in the presence of visible light illumination in the photocatalytic degradation of amoxicillin (AMX) from aqueous solutions. Stober, co-precipitation, and self-transformation methods were used for the synthesis of FCZ YS thin film nanostructure and the physical and chemical characteristics of the catalyst were analyzed by XRD, VSM,, EDX, FESEM, TEM, AFM, BET, contact angle (CA), and DRS. Then, the effect of different parameters including pH (3–11), initial concentration of AMX (10–50 mg/L), flow rate (10–25 mL/s) and rotational speed (100–400 rpm) at different times in the photocatalytic degradation of AMX were studied. The obtained results indicated that the highest degradation efficiency of 97.6% and constant reaction rate of AMX were obtained under LED visible light illumination and optimal conditions of pH = 5, initial AMX concentration of 30 mg/L, solution flow rate of 15 mL/s, rotational speed of 300 rpm and illumination time of 80 min. The durability and reusability of the nanostructure were tested, that after 5 runs had a suitable degradation rate. Considering the appropriate efficiency of amoxicillin degradation by FCZ YS nanostructure, the use of Fe3O4@void@CuO/ZnO thin film in SDPR is suggested in water and wastewater treatment processes.
Clinical outcomes between elderly ESKD patients under peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis: a national cohort study
Authors: Peng Yu-Kai , Tai Tzong-Shyuan , Wu Chao-Yi , Tsai Chung-Ying , Lee Cheng-Chia , Chen Jia-Jin , Hsiao Ching-Chung , Chen Yung-Chang , Yang Huang-Yu , Yen Chieh-Li 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith ageing populations, new elderly end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) cases rise. Unlike younger patients, elderly ESKD patients are less likely to undergo kidney transplant, and therefore the decision of receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) is more crucial. A total of 36,852 patients, aged more than 65, who were newly diagnosed with ESKD and initiated renal replacement therapy between 2013 and 2019 were identified. These patients were categorized into two groups: the PD group and the HD group according to their long-term renal replacement treatment. After propensity score matching, the PD group (n = 1628) displayed a lower incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (10.09% vs. 13.03%, hazard ratio (HR): 0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.66–0.83), malignancy (1.23% vs. 2.14%, HR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.40–0.76), and MACCE-associated mortality (1.35% vs. 2.25%, HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.46–0.84) compared to the HD group (n = 6512). However, the PD group demonstrated a higher rate of infection (34.09% vs. 24.14%, HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.20–1.37). The risks of all-cause mortality and infection-associated mortality were not different. This study may provide valuable clinical information to assist elderly ESKD patients to choose HD or PD as their renal replacement therapy.
Advantages of enhanced recovery after surgery program in robot-assisted radical cystectomy
Authors: Nakamura Masaki , Tsuru Ibuki , Izumi Taro , Ono Akihiro , Inoue Yasushi , Muraki Yasuko , Yamada Yumi , Tsuji Yuko , Watanabe Junko , Fujimura Mutsuko , Kihara Shunsuke , Naito Akihiro , Shiratori Taichi , Amakawa Ryo , Inatsu Hiroki , Yoshimatsu Tadashi , Kashiwagi Masanori , Fukuda Akira , Morikawa Teppei , Kusakabe Masashi , Suzuki Motofumi , Kameyama Shuji , Kume Haruki , Shiga Yoshiyuki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRadical cystectomy is a gold-standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We recently introduced robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with perioperative enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). The medical records of patients with bladder cancer who underwent open radical cystectomy (ORC) or RARC/ERAS at NTT Medical Center Tokyo were retrospectively reviewed to compare the surgical outcomes, hospital stay, and medical costs between groups. Multidisciplinary full ERAS items were provided for the RARC/ERAS group. The median estimated blood losses in the ORC and RARC/ERAS groups were 650 and 100 mL, and the median operative times were 312 and 445 min, respectively. In addition, the median times to liquid food intake in these groups were 6 and 0 days, the median times to first flatus and first defecation were 2 and 1 day, and 3 and 1.5 days, respectively. The rates of postoperative ileus in the ORC and RARC/ERAS groups were 27.5% and 4.5%, and the median postoperative hospital stays was 26.5 and 12 days, respectively. Medical costs excluding surgery were significantly lower in the RARC/ERAS group. In conclusion, RARC/ERAS represents a safe treatment option for muscle-invasive bladder cancer with decreased perioperative complications and lower medical costs.
Cortical excitability and multifidus activation responses to transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with chronic low back pain during remission
Authors: Wattananon Peemongkon , Thu Khin Win , Maharjan Soniya , Sornkaew Kanphajee , Wang Hsing-Kuo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEvidence indicates that patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP) have lumbar multifidus muscle (LM) activation deficit which might be caused by changes in cortical excitability. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) can be used to restore cortical excitability. This study aimed to (1) determine the immediate effects of a-tDCS on the cortical excitability and LM activation and (2) explore the relationship between cortical excitability and LM activation. Thirteen participants with CLBP during remission and 11 healthy participants were recruited. Cortical excitability (peak-to-peak motor evoked potential amplitude; P2P and cortical silent period; CSP) and LM activation were measured at pre- and post-intervention. We found significant difference (P < 0.05) in P2P between groups. However, no significant differences (P > 0.05) in P2P, CSP and LM activation were found between pre- and post-intervention in CLBP. The CLBP group demonstrated significant correlation (P = 0.05) between P2P and LM activation. Although our finding demonstrates change in P2P in the CLBP group, one-session of a-tDCS cannot induce changes in cortical excitability and LM activation. However, moderate to strong correlation between P2P and LM activation suggests the involvement of cortical level in LM activation deficit. Therefore, non-significant changes could have been due to inadequate dose of a-tDCS.
Lubiprostone plus polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS) versus PEG-ELS for bowel preparation in chronic constipation: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tangvoraphonkchai K. , Manasirisuk W. , Sawadpanich K. , Suttichaimongkol T. , Mairiang P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractColonoscopy is considered the standard procedure for early detection and prevention of colorectal cancer. Adequate bowel cleansing is an important determinant of the efficacy of colonoscopy screening. Currently, there is no standard method of bowel preparation for patients with chronic constipation. The aim was to access the rate of adequate bowel cleansing achieved using split-dose polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS) plus lubiprostone in comparison with split-dose PEG-ELS alone. A single-centre, endoscopist-blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted. Seventy-eight constipated patients aged 18–75 years who were indicated for colonoscopy in the gastroenterology unit of Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University, between February 2020 and February 2021 were randomly allocated to receive either split-dose PEG-ELS in combination with lubiprostone (N = 39) or split-dose PEG-ELS alone (N = 39) before colonoscopy. Adequate bowel cleansing was defined as an Ottawa bowel preparation score ≤ 7. The rate of adequate bowel cleansing was comparable between the PEG-ELS plus lubiprostone group and the PEG-ELS alone group (50% vs. 52.9%, p value = 0.81) with a relative risk of 1.13 (95% CI = 0.43–2.91). There were no significant differences in adenoma detection rate (41.2% vs. 35.3%, p value = 0.62), adverse events, acceptance, compliance, or patient satisfaction between the 2 groups. No additional benefit to successful bowel preparation was achieved by the combination of lubiprostone and PEG-ELS in chronic constipation patients undergoing colonoscopy.
PC3T: a signature-driven predictor of chemical compounds for cellular transition
Authors: Han Lu , Song Bin , Zhang Peilin , Zhong Zhi , Zhang Yongxiang , Bo Xiaochen , Wang Hongyang , Zhang Yong , Cui Xiuliang , Zhou Wenxia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCellular transitions hold great promise in translational medicine research. However, therapeutic applications are limited by the low efficiency and safety concerns of using transcription factors. Small molecules provide a temporal and highly tunable approach to overcome these issues. Here, we present PC3T, a computational framework to enrich molecules that induce desired cellular transitions, and PC3T was able to consistently enrich small molecules that had been experimentally validated in both bulk and single-cell datasets. We then predicted small molecule reprogramming of fibroblasts into hepatic progenitor-like cells (HPLCs). The converted cells exhibited epithelial cell-like morphology and HPLC-like gene expression pattern. Hepatic functions were also observed, such as glycogen storage and lipid accumulation. Finally, we collected and manually curated a cell state transition resource containing 224 time-course gene expression datasets and 153 cell types. Our framework, together with the data resource, is freely available at http://pc3t.idrug.net.cn/. We believe that PC3T is a powerful tool to promote chemical-induced cell state transitions.
Iron/cobalt/nickel regulation for efficient photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction over phthalocyanine covalent organic frameworks
Authors: Zhang Qiqi , Chen Meiyan , Zhang Yanjie , Ye Yuansong , Liu Diwen , Xu Chao , Ma Zuju , Lou BenYong , Yuan Rusheng , Sa Rongjian 
Published: September 2023

We elucidate the photocatalytic mechanism of CO2 reduction in metallophthalocyanine covalent organic frameworks through density functional theory calculations.
Sulfonylpyrazole- and pyrazole-directed ortho-selective C–H functionalization/alkenylation and desulfenylative olefination of aryl(sulfonyl)pyrazoles
Authors: Ahmed Mukhtar , Mahajan Shivangani , Kour Jaspreet , Sawant Sanghapal D. 
Published: September 2023

ortho-Selective C–H alkenylation of arenes was achieved using (sulfonyl)pyrazoles as DGs, favored by combination of Pd(OAc)2 Boc-Sar-OH and silver acetate. Silver tetrafluoroborate gave de-sulfenylative olefinated products on sulfonylpyrazole.
Robust virtual‐vector model predictive control of permanent‐magnet motor considering D‐Q axis inductance parameter uncertainty
Authors: An Xingke , Liu Zhengmeng , Chen Qian , Liu Guohai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo suppress parameter mismatch and improve the output performance of model predictive control (MPC), a new robust virtual‐vector MPC strategy is proposed for a five‐phase permanent‐magnet motor in this study. Firstly, the incremental predictive model is applied to remove the impact of flux mismatch. Then the d‐q axis inductance parameter sensitivity of MPC is analysed, which produces the predictive current error between the normal parameter and mismatched parameter. Based on the current error, a new cost function is designed to select the voltage vector more accurately when the d‐q axis inductance parameter mismatch occurs. Thus, good robustness to the parameter's variation can be guaranteed. Afterwards, the duty cycle modulation technology is applied to allocate the duration time of two adjacent vector‐vectors and zero vector. So the motor current harmonics and torque ripple can be considerably suppressed. Finally, the experimental results are provided to show the effectiveness of this proposed method.
Current fluctuations reduction strategy based on optimal three‐space‐vector pulse‐width modulation for service‐life improvement of DC‐link electrolytic capacitors in three‐phase voltage‐source inverter system
Authors: Li Peihe , Shen Anwen , Tang Qipeng , Luo Xin , Xu Jinbang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe authors propose a current fluctuation reduction strategy based on optimal three‐space‐vector pulse‐width modulation (TSVPWM), which is used to improve the service‐life of the dc‐link electrolytic capacitors in two‐level three‐phase voltage‐source inverter (VSI) system. Differing from the typical SVPWM‐based method that employs two adjacent active voltage vectors and zero voltage vectors to synthesise the reference voltage, the proposed strategy selects the required voltage vectors based on the minimum dc‐link electrolytic capacitor current fluctuation. With the proposed strategy, an objective function for the root‐mean‐square value of dc‐link electrolytic capacitor current is first constructed under the constraint of eight permissible voltage vectors. And then, by solving the minimum of the objective function through the piecewise linear programming, the optimal three voltage vectors under the different modulation ratios and load power factors are obtained accordingly, so as to achieve the minimum dc‐link electrolytic capacitor current fluctuations during each switching period. Meanwhile, a PWM implementation scheme based on positive–negative double carrier signals is presented, which not only simplifies the implementation process but also effectively reduces the switching losses of power devices. Finally, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can minimise the dc‐link electrolytic capacitor current fluctuation under different working conditions.
Fuzzy C‐means clustering algorithm based on superpixel merging and multi‐feature adaptive fusion measurement
Authors: Zeyu Xie , Xiao Luo , Defang Zhao , Xinyu Chen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe fuzzy C‐means clustering (FCM) algorithm is widely used in greyscale and colour image segmentation, especially in real colour images. However, in the process of interested regions extraction, it performs barely satisfactory due to the use of single distance metric in traditional FCM. In order to address the issue, a fuzzy C‐means clustering algorithm based on superpixel merging and multi‐feature adaptive fusion measurement (FCM‐SM) are proposed. First of all, since superpixel image adapts well to irregular image boundaries, the FCM algorithm is elevated to the superpixel level. Moreover, the superpixel merging module based on colour similarity is introduced to improve the traditional watershed transformation by incorporating more gradient and intensity information. Finally, the multi‐feature adaptive fusion measurement is designed in the clustering process to incorporate multiple sources of spatial information, which comprehensively measures the information from different fields to enhance the segmentation capability further. Experiments performed on Berkeley Segmentation Dataset and Brain Tumor Segmentation Dataset demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides better segmentation results than benchmarks during the object extraction.
A CPW‐fed fractal monopole antenna with a reduced ground plane in frequency range of 500 MHz‐5.5 GHz
Authors: Amirinalloo Shima , Atlasbaf Zahra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this article, the authors propose a super wide band CPW‐fed fractal monopole antenna suitable for phased array antennas with a shaped beam radiation pattern, operating in the frequency ranges below and above 1 GHz at the same time. The antenna has an octagonal radiator with fractals of the same shape added to its edges and sides. Also, the symmetrical elliptical ground planes have reduced the antenna size and, consequently, the mutual coupling in the antenna array. Despite the super‐wide frequency range, the antenna's radiation pattern is relatively steady in the E‐plane, and the negligible ripple on the radiation pattern makes it suitable for shaped beam radiation patterns in phased array design. The single‐element antenna with an overall size of 0.24λ × 0.38λ at 500 MHz is printed on an FR‐4 substrate. The outcomes of the simulation and measurement are well agreed in the frequency band of [500 MHz to 5.5 GHz] with an impedance bandwidth (|S11|< −10dB) of 166.67% and VSWR< 2. Also, the fidelity factor of the antenna is studied to investigate the SWB performance.