bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accessible Li Percolation and Extended Oxygen Oxidation Boundary in Rocksalt‐like Cathode Enabled by Initial Li‐deficient Nanostructure
Authors: Jiang Yun‐shan , Yu Fu‐da , Ke Wang , Deng Liang , Xia Yang , Li Xin‐yu , Que Lan‐fang , Zhang Nian , Zhao Lei , Wang Zhen‐bo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDisordered rocksalt cathodes have shown attractive electrochemical performance via oxygen redox, but are limited by a necessary Li‐excess level above the percolation threshold (x > 1.09 in LixTM2‐xO2, TM = transition metals) to obtain electrochemical activity. However, a relatively low‐Li content is essential to alleviate excessive oxygen charge compensation in rocksalt oxides. Herein, taking the homogeneous Li2MnO3 and LiMn2O4 as the starting point, disordered rocksalt‐like cathodes are prepared with initial Li‐deficient nanostructures, cation vacancies, and partial spinel‐type structures that provide a solution for the acquisition of fast Li+ percolation channels under Li‐deficient condition. As a result, the prepared sample exhibits high initial discharge capacity (363 mAh g−1) and energy density (1081 Wh kg−1). Advanced spectroscopy and in situ measurements observe highly reversible charge compensation during electrochemical process and assign coupled Mn‐ and O‐related redox contribution. Theoretical calculations also suggest the novel and chemical reversible trapped molecular O2 model in the rocksalt structure with vacancies, demonstrating a dual role of Li‐deficient structure in promoting cationic oxidation and extending reversible oxygen redox boundary. This work is expected to breakthrough the existing ideas of oxygen oxidation and opens up a higher degree of freedom in the design of disordered rocksalt structures.
Optimizing NaF‐Rich Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Stabilizing Sodium Metal Batteries by Electrolyte Additive
Authors: Zhu Chunlei , Wu Daxiong , Wang Zhongsheng , Wang Huaping , Liu Jiandong , Guo Kanglong , Liu Quanhui , Ma Jianmin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNaF‐rich electrode–electrolyte interphases play crucial roles in determining the cycling stability of sodium metal batteries (SMBs) because of their electronic insulation and mechanical stability. In this work, perfluorobenzene (PFB) is proposed as the additive to contribute the formation of NaF‐rich solid electrolyte interphases (SEI). PFB at the periphery of the solvation layer can pull out a part of the EC with the lowest solvation energy by Van der Waals forces, thus allowing more to participate in the Na+ solvation layer and form an anion‐aggregated solvation sheath, thus promoting the decomposition of to produce NaF. In addition, PFB has a higher highest occupied molecular orbital and lower lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy level, which also preferentially decomposes to produce NaF at both electrodes. Benefiting from the intensified NaF ratio in SEI, the Na||Na symmetric cells with such an electrolyte achieves a superior cycling life over 350 h at 1 mA cm−2, and the Na||Na3V2(PO4)2O2F batteries also realize ultrahigh cycling performance with 88.8% capacity retention after 500 cycles.
Dynamically Tunable Subambient Daytime Radiative Cooling Metafabric with Janus Wettability
Authors: Fan Chonghui , Zhang Yuxin , Long Zhiwen , Mensah Alfred , Wang Qingqing , Lv Pengfei , Wei Qufu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIncorporating zero‐energy‐input cooling technology into personal thermal management (PTM) systems is a promising solution for preventing heat‐related illnesses while reducing energy consumption. Although concepts for passive radiative cooling materials are proposed, achieving subambient cooling performance while providing good wearing comfort remains a challenge. Here, a moisture‐wicking nonwoven metafabric is reported that assembles radiative cooling and evaporative heat dissipation to achieve high‐performance thermal and moisture comfort management. This metafabric demonstrates excellent spectral‐selectivity (sunlight reflection of ≈92%, atmospheric window thermal emissivity of ≈97%) and Janus wettability through large‐scale electrospinning and hierarchical design, and also inherits superior elasticity, air/moisture permeability of nonwoven fabric. Subambient temperature drops of ≈6.5 °C (≈750 W m−2solar intensity) for stand‐alone metafabric are observed. Thanks to the moisture‐wicking effect (water evaporation rate of 0.31 g h−1and water transport index of 1220%) of metafabric that enables fast evaporation of sweat, a maximum generation of 1 mL h−1of sweat can cool the skin, thus reducing the excessive sweating risk after intense exercise. Additionally, the cooling performance of metafabric can be regulated by applying various strains (0–100%). The cost‐efficiency and good wearability of metafabric provide an innovative way to sustainable energy, smart textiles, and thermal wet comfort applications.
Latest Innovations in 2D Flexible Nanoelectronics
Authors: Aftab Sikandar , Hussain Sajjad , Al‐Kahtani Abdullah A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract2D materials with dangling‐bond‐free surfaces and atomically thin layers have been shown to be capable of being incorporated into flexible electronic devices. The electronic and optical properties of 2D materials can be tuned or controlled in other ways by using the intriguing strain engineering method. The latest and encouraging techniques in regard to creating flexible 2D nanoelectronics are condensed in this review. These techniques have the potential to be used in a wider range of applications in the near and long term. It is possible to use ultrathin 2D materials (graphene, BP, WTe2, VSe2 etc.) and 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) in order to enable the electrical behavior of the devices to be studied. A category of materials is produced on smaller scales by exfoliating bulk materials, whereas chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and epitaxial growth are employed on larger scales. This overview highlights two distinct requirements, which include from a single semiconductor or with van der Waals heterostructures of various nanomaterials. They include where strain must be avoided and where it is required, such as solutions to produce strain‐insensitive devices, and such as pressure‐sensitive outcomes, respectively. Finally, points‐of‐view about the current difficulties and possibilities in regard to using 2D materials in flexible electronics are provided.
Non‐Centrosymmetric 2D Nb3SeI7 with High In‐Plane Anisotropy and Optical Nonlinearity
Authors: Wang Jia‐Peng , Fang Yu‐Qiang , He Wen , Liu Quan , Fu Jie‐Rui , Li Xin‐Yu , Liu Yue , Gao Bo , Zhen Liang , Xu Cheng‐Yan , Huang Fu‐Qiang , Meixner Alfred J. , Zhang Dai , Li Yang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntegrating anisotropy and nonlinearity of physical properties in 2D materials is of great importance to the progress of nanoelectronic, nanophotonic, and nano‐optoelectronic applications. In this work, Nb3SeI7, a newly discovered ternary layered material with non‐centrosymmetric lattices, is introduced, which exhibits strong second harmonic generation (SHG), in‐plane anisotropic electricity, and light absorption. Symmetry breaking of 2D Nb3SeI7 induced by the polar off‐center displacement of niobium leads to a high nonlinear optical response with a second‐order susceptibility of 6.71 pm V−1 and a high anisotropic factor of photoresponsivity up to 4.6, which are higher than most of the 2D materials. These properties of 2D Nb3SeI7 create new possibilities for chip‐integrated nonlinear optics devices and future‐proof polarization‐sensitive optoelectronic systems.
Pyrene‐Based Polyimide Covalent Organic Framework with Temperature‐Dependent Fluorescence
Authors: Zadehnazari Amin , Khosropour Ahmadreza , Altaf Ataf Ali , Amirjalayer Saeed , Abbaspourrad Alireza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of a fluorescent covalent organic framework (COF) using perylene and pyrene building blocks (PEPy‐COF), via a one‐pot condensation reaction is reported. PEPy‐COF is crystallized into 2D nanosheets with a cubic and prismatic crystalline morphology and demonstrates structural stability at temperatures up to 500 °C. The structural morphology is confirmed using X‐ray diffraction and atomic‐level simulations. These 2D porous polymer sheets form a tetragonal framework that is found to have a high specific surface area of 772 m2 g−1. Based on the definition of porous materials, the network is mesoporous with an observed pore size of 3.03 nm, which is in good agreement with the material's calculated pore size. The experimentally obtained HOMO‐LUMO band gap is 2.62 eV, confirming the semiconducting nature of PEPy‐COF. PEPy‐COF emits a shiny blue luminescence under UV and visible light. This luminescence intensity is temperature‐dependent in solvents with different polarities and dielectric constants demonstrating that the PEPy‐COF has potential use in a wide range of temperature‐sensing devices. The fluorescence intensity ratio is similar for different temperatures under ultra‐sound conditions and varying solvents.
High Performance Photorechargeable Li‐Ion Batteries Based on Nanoporous Fe2O3 Photocathodes
Authors: Chamola Shubham , Ahmad Shahab 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, photorechargeable Li‐ion batteries (Li‐PRBs) are investigated as potential energy devices to supply continuous power to remote IoT or electronic devices. These Li‐PRBs, due to their lightweight and low‐cost, offers various advantages compared to conventional combination of solar cells and a battery. Single active material‐based PRBs have gained attention due to the use of multifunctional materials which perform both solar energy harvesting and storage, however most of the PRBs studied so far are based on ion intercalation. Herein, the use of conversion type active material α‐Fe2O3 for efficient and stable operation of Li‐PRBs is demonstrated. Cost‐effective solution processing method is used to synthesize α‐Fe2O3 nanorods (NRs), which form nanoporous morphology when blended with Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes / Phenyl‐C61 butyric acid methyl ester (MWCNT/PCBM) conducting additives to form photocathodes. α‐Fe2O3 NRs shown simultaneous solar energy harvesting in visible region of spectra, owing to its energy bandgap Eg ≈ 2.1 eV, and efficient Li‐ion storage via conversion reaction mechanism. Li‐PRB has shown photoconversion and storage efficiency of ≈1.988% when illuminated with blue LED (λex ≈ 470 nm) for large voltage window (0.8–2.57 V). The use of conversion type material like Fe2O3 in PRBs opens up new pathways to explore new materials and mechanisms for these emerging devices.
Giant Switchable Persistent Photoconductivity in Soft Chemistry Reduced SrTiO3
Authors: Gao Tianyi , Nian Leyan , Jin Li , Sun Haoying , Zhang Tingting , Yang Jiangfeng , Gu Zhengbin , Peng Luming , Nie Yuefeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigh tunability of photoconductivity is highly desired for applications in optical memories, sensors, and bioelectronics. Recently, room temperature persistent photoconductivity (PPC) in SrTiO3 (STO) has been revealed and has attracted great attention. However, reversible switching of the PPC in STO with a large on/off ratio remains challenging to date. Here, a giant switchable PPC in soft chemistry reduced STO is reported. An initial insulator‐to‐metal transition with on/off ratio up to 7 orders of magnitude is observed and about 5 orders of magnitude transition is found to be reversible. Via nuclear magnetic resonance measurements, it is uncovered that such unusual PPC is driven by the generation of excess carriers accompanied with a configuration evolution of the incorporated hydrogen from hydridic HO+ to protic Hi+ upon illumination. The work demonstrates giant switchable PPC transition in soft chemistry reduced perovskite oxides, providing a new platform for pursuing high performance sensors and nonvolatile optoelectronic memory devices.
Initial compatibility during a “Speed‐Dating” test predicts postpairing affiliation in titi monkeys (Plecturocebus cupreus)
Authors: Baxter Alexander , Lau Allison R. , Savidge Logan E. , Bales Karen L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBehavioral compatibility plays a critical role in shaping how potential mates interact with and evaluate each other and whether they choose to pursue a relationship. Compatibility is especially important for mate choice and relationship quality in pair‐bonding species that form long‐term attachments between mates. Although this process has been studied in humans and birds, relatively few studies have investigated it in non‐human primates. In this study, we investigated whether pairing titi monkeys (Plecturocebus cupreus) based on initial compatibility increased postpairing affiliation between mates. Subjects were 12 unpaired adult titi monkeys (two cohorts of three males and three females). We determined each subject's initial interest in each opposite‐sex potential mate in their cohort across a series of six 30‐min interaction periods (i.e., “speed‐dates”). To determine initial compatibility, we used the Social Relations Model to calculate relationship effects in initial interest (how much each subject uniquely preferred each potential mate beyond their own affiliative disposition and their partner's popularity). We then paired monkeys in a way that maximized net relationship effects between pairs, and measured longitudinal pair affiliation (Proximity, Contact, Tail Twining, and Combined Affiliation) for 6 months postpairing using daily scan‐sample observations and monthly home‐cage video recordings. Multilevel models showed that, on average, the six speed‐dating pairs exhibited higher levels of Tail Twining (determined from scan‐sample observations; β = 0.31) compared to a group of 13 age‐matched colony pairs that were determined quasi‐randomly without quantifying compatibility. The degree of initial compatibility within speed‐dating pairs also predicted higher levels of Combined Affiliation (determined from video recordings) at earlier post‐pairing time points, with the association peaking at 2 months postpairing (β = 0.57). These findings suggest that initial compatibility facilitates pair bonding in titi monkeys. We conclude by discussing how the speed‐dating design can be used for colony management to inform pair‐housing decisions.
Associations of blood cell indices and anemia with risk of incident dementia: A prospective cohort study of 313,448 participants
Authors: Qiang Yi‐Xuan , Deng Yue‐Ting , Zhang Ya‐Ru , Wang Hui‐Fu , Zhang Wei , Dong Qiang , Feng Jian‐Feng , Cheng Wei , Yu Jin‐Tai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionLow hemoglobin and anemia are associated with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the associations of other blood cell indices with incident dementia risk and the underlined mechanisms are unknown.MethodsThree hundred thirteen thousand four hundred forty‐eight participants from the UK Biobank were included. Cox and restricted cubic spline models were used to investigate linear and non‐linear longitudinal associations. Mendelian randomization analysis was used to identify causal associations. Linear regression models were used to explore potential mechanisms driven by brain structures.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up of 9.03 years, 6833 participants developed dementia. Eighteen indices were associated with dementia risk regarding erythrocytes, immature erythrocytes, and leukocytes. Anemia was associated with a 56% higher risk of developing dementia. Hemoglobin and red blood cell distribution width were causally associated with AD. Extensive associations exist between most blood cell indices and brain structures.DiscussionThese findings consolidated associations between blood cells and dementia.Highlight
Anemia was associated with 56% higher risk for all‐cause dementia.
Hematocrit percentage, mean corpuscular volume, platelet crit, and mean platelet volume had U‐shaped associations with incident dementia risk.
Hemoglobin (HGB) and red blood cell distribution width had causal effects on Alzheimer's risk.
HGB and anemia were associated with brain structure alterations.
Protein‐Targeted Glycan Editing on Living Cells Disrupts KRAS Signaling
Authors: Li Yiran , Huo Fan , Chen Liusheng , Wang Haiqi , Wu Jianzhuang , Zhang Peiwen , Feng Nan , Li Wei , Wang Lan , Wang Yichun , Wang Xiaojian , Yang Xiaoliang , Lu Zhiqiang , Mao Yang , Yan Chao , Ding Lin , Ju Huangxian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe frequent mutation of KRAS oncogene in some of the most lethal human cancers has spurred incredible efforts to develop KRAS inhibitors, yet only one covalent inhibitor for the KRASG12C mutant has been approved to date. New venues to interfere with KRAS signaling are desperately needed. Here, we report a “localized oxidation‐coupling” strategy to achieve protein‐specific glycan editing on living cells for disrupting KRAS signaling. This glycan remodeling method exhibits excellent protein and sugar specificity and is applicable to different donor sugars and cell types. Attachment of mannotriose to the terminal galactose/N‐acetyl‐D‐galactosamine epitopes of integrin αvβ3, a membrane receptor upstream of KRAS, blocks its binding to galectin‐3, suppresses the activation of KRAS and downstream effectors, and mitigates KRAS‐driven malignant phenotypes. Our work represents the first successful attempt to interfere with KRAS activity by manipulating membrane receptor glycosylation.
C−H Activation of Unbiased C(sp3)−H Bonds: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 1‐Bromoalkynes**
Authors: Miguélez Rubén , Semleit Nina , Rodríguez‐Arias Carlos , Mykhailiuk Pavel , González José M. , Haberhauer Gebhard , Barrio Pablo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelective functionalization of non‐activated C(sp3)−H bonds is a major challenge in chemistry, so functional groups are often used to enhance reactivity. Here, we present a gold(I)‐catalyzed C(sp3)−H activation of 1‐bromoalkynes without any sort of electronic, or conformational bias. The reaction proceeds regiospecifically and stereospecifically to the corresponding bromocyclopentene derivatives. The latter can be readily modified, comprising an excellent library of diverse 3D scaffolds for medicinal chemistry. In addition, a mechanistic study has shown that the reaction proceeds via a so far unknown mechanism: a concerted [1,5]‐H shift / C−C bond formation involving a gold‐stabilized vinylcation‐like transition state.
Applications of ambient ionization mass spectrometry in 2022: An annual review
Authors: Rankin‐Turner Stephanie , Sears Patrick , Heaney Liam M 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe development of ambient ionization mass spectrometry (AIMS) has transformed analytical science, providing the means of performing rapid analysis of samples in their native state, both in and out of the laboratory. The capacity to eliminate sample preparation and pre‐MS separation techniques, leading to true real‐time analysis, has led to AIMS naturally gaining a broad interest across the scientific community. Since the introduction of the first AIMS techniques in the mid‐2000s, the field has exploded with dozens of novel ion sources, an array of intriguing applications, and an evident growing interest across diverse areas of study. As the field continues to surge forward each year, ambient ionization techniques are increasingly becoming commonplace in laboratories around the world. This annual review provides an overview of AIMS techniques and applications throughout 2022, with a specific focus on some of the major fields of research, including forensic science, disease diagnostics, pharmaceuticals and food sciences. New techniques and methods are introduced, demonstrating the unwavering drive of the analytical community to further advance this exciting field and push the boundaries of what analytical chemistry can achieve.
Engineering Active Sites of 2D Materials for Active Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Kim Jeong Hyo , Lee Da Yeon , Ling Ning , Lee Yongjoon , Yang Heejun , Cho Suyeon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a promising clean and sustainable energy source with zero carbon emissions. Numerous studies have been conducted with versatile low dimensional materials, and the development of highly active electrochemical catalysts for HER is one of the most important applications of the materials in these studies. Despite such extensive research, the physical origin of the active catalytic performance of low dimensional materials remains unclear, and is distinguished from that of classical transition metal‐based catalysts. Here, recent studies on the intrinsic catalytic activity of 2D semimetals are reviewed, particularly among transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), highlighting promising strategies for the design of materials to further enhance their catalytic performance. One attractive approach for active HER involves fabricating single‐atom catalysts in the framework of TMDs. The electrochemical reaction at a catalytic atom for hydrogen evolution has typically been described by the Sabatier principle. Recent studies have focused on optimizing the Gibbs free energy for hydrogen adsorption via down‐sizing, alloying, hybridizing, hetero‐structuring, and phase boundary engineering, mostly with TMDs. The unique advantages of TMDs and their derivatives for HER are summarized, suggesting promising research directions for the design of low dimensional electrochemical catalysts for efficient HER and their energy applications.
Organismal form constrains the evolution of complex lever systems in Neotropical cichlid four‐bar linkages
Authors: Arbour Jessica , Rumpp Faith , López‐Fernández Hernán 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe diversification of functional traits may be limited by the intrinsic constraints of organismal form (i.e., constructional constraints), owing to the differential investment in different anatomical structures. In this study, we test whether overall organismal form impacts the evolution of shape and function in complex lever systems. We examined the relationship between four‐bar shape and overall head shape in two four‐bar linkage systems: the oral‐jaw and hyoid‐neurocranium systems in Neotropical cichlids. We also investigated the strength of form‐function mapping in these four‐bar linkages and the impact of constraining head shape on these correlations. We quantified the shape of the head and two four‐bar linkages using geometric morphometrics and compared these with the kinematic transmission coefficient of each linkage system. The shapes of both linkages were strongly correlated with their mechanical properties, and head shape appears to constrain the shape of both four‐bar linkages. Head shape induced greater integration between the two linkages, was associated with stronger form‐function correlations and higher rates of evolution in biomechanically important features. Head shape constraints may also contribute to a weak but significant trade‐off in linkage kinematics. Elongation of the head and body, in particular, appears to minimize the impact of this trade‐off, possibly through maximizing anterior–posterior space availability. However, the strength of relationships between shape and function, and the impact of head shape differed between the two linkages, with the hyoid four‐bar in general showing stronger form‐function relationships despite being more independent from head shape constraints.