bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The competence profile of lecturers in didactics of Physical Education in Switzerland
Authors: Hayoz Christelle 
Published: February 2023

Since the introduction of the Higher Education Promotion and Coordination Act (HEdA), Swiss universities of teacher education (UTE) had to offer continuing education, additional training, teaching, research and development (Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation, 2021). This mandate led to a dual competence requirement of teaching and research for lecturers (Freisler-Mühlemann, 2020; Sibold, 2017). The current state of research shows that there is a need for clarification regarding the dual competence profile of lecturers at Universities of Teacher Education (swissuniversities, 2021). In order to answer the question of how these competence requirements are perceived by lecturers, the subjective perceptions of a total of 18 sports didactics lecturers from eight different UTE in German- and French-speaking Switzerland were collected by means of semi-structured qualitative guided interviews. The qualitative content analysis according to Mayring (2015) showed that the competence requirements are perceived differently and that various competence profiles exist. A valuable contribution could be made to the (dual) competence profile of sports didactics lecturers as well as to the promotion of sports didactics as a scientific discipline.
References
Freisler-Mühlemann, D. (2020). Doppeltes Kompetenzprofil - Leitvorstellungen an das Personal von Pädagogischen Hochschulen? [Double competence profile - Guiding principles for the staff of teacher training colleges?]. In A. Tettenborn & P. Tremp (Eds.), Pädagogische Hochschulen in ihrer Entwicklung und Berufsbezug. Hochschulkulturen im Spannungsfeld von Wissenschaftsorientierung (pp. 65-66). Pädagogische Hochschule Luzern.
Mayring, P. (2015). Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. Grundlagen und Techniken [Qualitative content analysis. Basics and techniques] (Beltz Pädagogik, 12th rev. ed.). Beltz.
Sibold, N. (2017). Nachwuchsförderung an Schweizer Fachhochschulen und Universitäten - Entwicklungen, Positionen und Herausforderungen [Promotion of young researchers at Swiss universities of applied sciences and universities - Developments, positions and challenges]. In L. Truniger (Ed.), Führen in Hochschulen. Anregungen und Reflexionen aus Wissenschaft und Praxis (pp. 105-122). Springer Gabler.
Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation. (2021). Fachhochschulen und pädagogische Hochschulen [Universities of applied sciences and teacher training colleges]. https://www.sbfi.admin.ch/sbfi/de/home/hs/hochschulen/kantonale-hochschulen/fh-ph.html
Swissuniversities. (2021). P-11 Doppeltes Kompetenzprofil [P-11 Double competence profile]. https://www.swissuniversities.ch/themen/nachwuchsfoerderung/p-11-doppeltes-kompetenzprofil
Specific exercise is medicine – Preventing and treating a peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Streckmann Fiona , Balke Maryam , Cavaletti Guido , Toscanelli Alexandra , Bloch Wilhelm , Décard Bernhard F. , Lehmann Helmar C. , Faude Oliver 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Neuropathies are a prevalent, heterogeneous group of diseases of the peripheral nervous system. Symptoms are often debilitating, difficult to treat, and usually become chronic. Not only do they diminish patients’ quality of life, but they can also affect medical therapy and lead to complications. To date, for most conditions there are no evidence-based causal treatment options available. Specific exercise interventions have proven beneficial to reduce and even prevent a neuropathy.
Objective
Our objective in a systematic review with meta-analysis was to analyze exercise interventions for neuropathic patients in order to evaluate the potential benefits of exercise on neuropathies of different origin that can then be translated into practice.
Methods
Two independent reviewers performed a systematic review with meta-analysis according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Inclusion criteria according to the PICOS approach were: neuropathic patients, exercise interventions only, an inactive or non-exercising control group, and solely randomized controlled trials with the following outcome parameters: neuropathic symptoms, balance parameters, functional mobility, gait, health-related quality of life, and HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin).
Results
A total of 41 randomized, controlled trials met all inclusion criteria, 20 could be included in the quantitative analysis. Study quality varied from moderate to high. Current data further support the hypothesis that exercise is beneficial for neuropathic patients. This is best documented for patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN; 27 studies) as well as for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN; nine studies), while there are only few studies (five) on all other causes of neuropathy. We found standardized mean differences in favor of the exercise group of 0.27–2.00 for static balance, Berg Balance Scale, Timed-up-and-go-test, nerve conduction velocity of peroneal and sural nerve as well as for HbA1c in patients with DPN, and standardized mean differences of 0.43–0.75 for static balance, quality of life, and neuropathy-induced symptoms in patients with CIPN.
Conclusion
For DPN, evidence-based recommendations can now be made, suggesting a combination of endurance and sensorimotor training to be most beneficial. For patients with CIPN, sensorimotor training remains the most crucial component. For all other neuropathies, more high-quality research is needed to derive evidence-based recommendations. Overall, it seems that sensorimotor training has great potential to target most neuropathies and combined with endurance training is therefore currently the best treatment option for neuropathies.
Dealing with uncertainty in sensorimotor control in sports: A systematic review
Authors: Beck Damian , Zahno Stephan , Hossner Ernst-Joachim 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
In complex sensorimotor behavior, uncertainty arises from ambiguity in the sensory inputs of the environment (e.g. Kersten et al., 2004) as well as from noise in sensory detection and motor execution (e.g. Todorov & Jordan, 2002). Moreover, the observable sensory inputs are delayed and there are typically multiple solutions to solve a motor task (e.g. Franklin & Wolpert, 2011). In sports, where human capacity reaches its limit with these challenges, dealing with uncertainty is crucial. Thus, the question arises how humans are able to deal with uncertainty in sensorimotor control in naturalistic situations such as sports.
Methods
A systematic search for original articles was conducted in six scientific databases with the following terms: (uncertainty OR noise) AND (sensor* OR motor) AND control AND sport AND movement. After independently screening 4,309 articles and additional reference lists by two raters, 70 articles remained for the review.
Results
There is clear evidence that prior knowledge (or similar contextual information) and multiple sensory information affect perception, action and performance. Moreover, there is considerable evidence that prior knowledge and multiple sensory information get integrated according to their reliability in order to reduce uncertainty. Furthermore, it has been reported that gaze behavior is close to the optimal compared to an optimal Bayesian observer in an expected and unexpected uncertain environment. There is also considerable evidence that not all variables have to be controlled and rather uncertainty is accepted in variables that do not impair overall performance. Some findings show that inherent noise is taken into account when planning motor execution so that the potential costs and rewards of the movement outcome are optimized. Finally, some findings show that unforeseen perturbation can be absorbed by means of higher muscle stiffness resulting from muscular co-contraction.
Discussion
The strategies to deal with uncertainty mentioned in the results section can be summarized under the umbrella of Bayesian decision theory (Franklin & Wolpert, 2011). Only a few alternative models were referenced that, however, were conceptually quite similar to Bayesian models. Therefore, Bayesian decision theory seems to offer a promising framework for future research on uncertainty in sensorimotor control in sport science.
References
Franklin, D. W., & Wolpert, D. M. (2011). Computational mechanisms of sensorimotor control. Neuron, 72(3), 425-442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2011.10.006
Kersten, D., Mamassian, P., & Yuille, A. (2004). Object perception as Bayesian inference. Annual Review of Psychology, 55, 271-304. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.55.090902.142005
Todorov, E., & Jordan, M. I. (2002). Optimal feedback control as a theory of motor coordination. Nature Neuroscience, 5(11), 1226-1235. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn963
Short term outcome of treatment with percutaneous cross Kirschner wires in paediatric distal humeral metaphyseal diaphyseal junction fractures
Authors: Qureshi Shahzad Anver , Ahmad Irfan , Masood Faisal , Raza Javed Hassan , Nadeem Rana Dilawaiz , Nadeem Aliza , Chaudhary Danial Ilahi , Taqi Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

Background: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are malignant tumours arising from mesenchymal tissue, comprising <1% of all the tumours of the human body and represent the second most common type of solid tumours in children and adolescents. Surgical resection is considered the mainstay of treatment, supported by multimodal therapies including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Resource-limited countries, like Pakistan, face additional challenges due to inadequate resources. This study presents the experience of management of soft tissue sarcomas presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Central Lahore.
Patients and Methods: This was an observational study conducted in Surgical Unit I of Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore from January 2017 till June 2022. American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system and Fédération Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer (FNCLCC) resection classification was applied. Surgical treatment including R0, R1 and R2 resections were carried out. SPSS 23 version was used for statistical analysis of collected data.
Results: A total of 36 patients; 24 male (66.7%) and 12 females (33.3%) were included. Anatomical site involvement was observed as 23 (63.8%) limb sarcomas and 13 (36.1%) trunk sarcomas. Out of 36 patients, 20 (55.6%) patients were staged as stage II, 11 (30.5%) patients as stage III and 5 (13.9%) as stage I. Total 17 (47.2%) patients underwent wide excision, 13 (36.1%) patients underwent limited excision, 4 (11.1%) patients underwent compartmental excision and 2 (5.6%) patients underwent palliative excision.
Conclusion: Thigh was the commonest site of involvement in extremity sarcomas. Retroperitoneal sarcomas were most frequent among trunk tumours. Leiomyosarcoma was the most common histopathological diagnosis followed by malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours. Most of the patients presented with stage II disease.
Keywords: Soft Tissue Sarcoma, Presentation, Resection, Histology, Outcome
The Prevalence of Bimaxillary Protrusion in Ethnic Malay, Medan, Indonesia
Authors: Muttaqin Zulfan , Lina Hadi  , Widia Hirdayanti  
Published: February 2023

Background: Malocclusion is a deviation from the normal position of the teeth when the jaw is closed. The bimaxillary protrusion is the most prominent or most common of Angle's class I malocclusions. This study aimed to determine and present the prevalence of bimaxillary protrusion disorder in ethnic Malays adolescents in Medan, Indonesia.
Methods: Descriptive observational study. A total of 35 research subjects were included in this study. An exploration of bimaxillary protrusion disorders was also carried out, and an exploration of demographic data was also carried out. Univariate analysis was carried out to determine the frequency distribution of each test variable with the help of SPSS version 25 software.
Results: The majority of study subjects had bimaxillary protrusion angle class I malocclusion, namely 22 people (62.9%), while only 13 respondents (37.1%) had no bimaxillary protrusion malocclusion. The results of this study indicate that the prevalence of bimaxillary protrusion abnormalities in the Malay ethnicity is quite high, namely 62.9%.
Conclusion: The prevalence of bimaxillary protrusion disorders in ethnic Malay is 62.9%.
The Solar System Notification Alert Processing System (SNAPS): Design, Architecture, and First Data Release (SNAPShot1)
Authors: Trilling David E. , Gowanlock Michael , Kramer Daniel , McNeill Andrew , Donnelly Brian , Butler Nat , Kececioglu John 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present here the design, architecture, and first data release for the Solar System Notification Alert Processing System (SNAPS). SNAPS is a solar system broker that ingests alert data from all-sky surveys. At present, we ingest data from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) public survey, and we will ingest data from the forthcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) when it comes online. SNAPS is an official LSST downstream broker. In this paper we present the SNAPS design goals and requirements. We describe the details of our automatic pipeline processing in which the physical properties of asteroids are derived. We present SNAPShot1, our first data release, which contains 5,458,459 observations of 31,693 asteroids observed by ZTF from 2018 July to 2020 May. By comparing a number of derived properties for this ensemble to previously published results for overlapping objects we show that our automatic processing is highly reliable. We present a short list of science results, among many that will be enabled by our SNAPS catalog: (1) we demonstrate that there are no known asteroids with very short periods and high amplitudes, which clearly indicates that in general asteroids in the size range 0.3–20 km are strengthless; (2) we find no difference in the period distributions of Jupiter Trojan asteroids, implying that the L4 and L5 clouds have different shape distributions; and (3) we highlight several individual asteroids of interest. Finally, we describe future work for SNAPS and our ability to operate at LSST scale.
ALMA Fragmented Source Catalog in Orion (FraSCO). I. Outflow Interaction within an Embedded Cluster in OMC-2/FIR 3, FIR 4, and FIR 5
Authors: Sato Asako , Takahashi Satoko , Ishii Shun , Ho Paul T. P. , Machida Masahiro N. , Carpenter John , A. Zapata Luis , Teixeira Paula Stella , Suri Sümeyye 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a high-angular resolution (∼1″) and wide-field (

2

.′

9
×
1

.′

9

) image of the 1.3 mm continuum, CO(J = 2–1) and SiO(J = 5–4) line emissions toward an embedded protocluster, FIR 3, FIR 4, and FIR 5, in the Orion Molecular Cloud 2 obtained from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We identify 51 continuum sources, 36 of which are newly identified in this study. Their dust masses, projected sizes, and H2 gas number densities are estimated to be 3.8 × 10−5–1.1 × 10−2
M
⊙, 290–2000 au, and 6.4 × 106–3.3 × 108 cm−3, respectively. The results of a Jeans analysis show that ∼80% of the protostellar sources and ∼15% of the prestellar sources are gravitationally bound. We identify 12 molecular outflows traced in the CO(J = 2–1) emission, six of which are newly detected. We spatially resolve shocked gas structures traced by the SiO(J = 5–4) emission in this region for the first time. We identify shocked gas originating from outflows and other shocked regions. These results provide direct evidence of an interaction between dust condensation, FIR 4, and an energetic outflow driven by HOPS-370 located within FIR 3. A comparison of the outflow dynamical timescales, fragmentation timescales, and protostellar ages shows that the previously proposed triggered star formation scenario in FIR 4 is not strongly supported. We also discuss the spatial distribution of filaments identified in our continuum image by comparing it with a previously identified hub-fiber system in the N2H+ line.
Spectroscopic r-Process Abundance Retrieval for Kilonovae. I. The Inferred Abundance Pattern of Early Emission from GW170817
Authors: Vieira Nicholas , Ruan John J. , Haggard Daryl , Ford Nicole , Drout Maria R. , Fernández Rodrigo , Badnell N. R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Freshly synthesized r-process elements in kilonovae ejecta imprint absorption features on optical spectra, as observed in the GW170817 binary neutron star merger. These spectral features encode insights into the physical conditions of the r-process and the origins of the ejected material, but associating features with particular elements and inferring the resultant abundance pattern is computationally challenging. We introduce Spectroscopic r-Process Abundance Retrieval for Kilonovae (SPARK), a modular framework to perform Bayesian inference on kilonova spectra with the goals of inferring elemental abundance patterns and identifying absorption features at early times. SPARK inputs an atomic line list and abundance patterns from reaction network calculations into the TARDIS radiative transfer code. It then performs fast Bayesian inference on observed kilonova spectra by training a Gaussian process surrogate for the approximate posteriors of kilonova ejecta parameters, via active learning. We use the spectrum of GW170817 at 1.4 days to perform the first inference on a kilonova spectrum, and recover a complete abundance pattern. Our inference shows that this ejecta was generated by an r-process with either (1) high electron fraction Y

e
∼ 0.35 and high entropy s/k
B ∼ 25, or, (2) a more moderate Y

e
∼ 0.30 and s/k
B ∼ 14. These parameters are consistent with a shocked, polar dynamical component, and a viscously driven outflow from a remnant accretion disk, respectively. We also recover previous identifications of strontium absorption at ∼8000 Å, and tentatively identify yttrium and/or zirconium at ≲4500 Å. Our approach will enable computationally tractable inference on the spectra of future kilonovae discovered through multimessenger observations.
Microphysical Plasma Relations from Special-relativistic Turbulence
Authors: Meringolo Claudio , Cruz-Osorio Alejandro , Rezzolla Luciano , Servidio Sergio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The microphysical, kinetic properties of astrophysical plasmas near accreting compact objects are still poorly understood. For instance, in modern general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations, the relation between the temperature of electrons T

e
and protons T

p
is prescribed in terms of simplified phenomenological models where the electron temperature is related to the proton temperature in terms of the ratio between the gas and magnetic pressures, or the β parameter. We here present a very comprehensive campaign of two-dimensional kinetic particle-in-cell simulations of special-relativistic turbulence to investigate systematically the microphysical properties of the plasma in the transrelativistic regime. Using a realistic mass ratio between electrons and protons, we analyze how the index of the electron energy distributions κ, the efficiency of nonthermal particle production



, and the temperature ratio


:=

T

e

/

T

p

vary over a wide range of values of β and σ. For each of these quantities, we provide two-dimensional fitting functions that describe their behavior in the relevant space of parameters, thus connecting the microphysical properties of the plasma, κ,



, and



, with the macrophysical ones β and σ. In this way, our results can find application in a wide range of astrophysical scenarios, including the accretion and the jet emission onto supermassive black holes, such as M87* and Sgr A*.
Magnetic Fields, Star Formation Rates, and Gas Densities at Sub-kiloparsec Scales in a Pilot Sample of Nearby Galaxies
Authors: Manna Souvik , Roy Subhashis 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We have estimated the magnetic field strengths of a sample of seven galaxies using their nonthermal synchrotron radio emission at meter wavelengths, and assuming energy equipartition between magnetic fields and cosmic-ray particles. We tested for deviation of magnetic fields from energy equipartition with cosmic-ray particles, and found that deviations of ∼25% are typical for the sample galaxies. Spatially resolved star formation rates (SFRs) were estimated for the seven galaxies along with five galaxies studied previously. For the combined sample of 12 galaxies, the equipartition magnetic fields (B
eq) are correlated with the SFR surface densities (ΣSFR) at sub-kiloparsec scales with B
eq ∝

Σ

SFR

0.31
±
0.06

, consistent with model predictions. We estimated gas densities (ρ
gas) for a subsample of seven galaxies using archival observations of the CO rotational transitions and the atomic hydrogen (H i) 21 cm line and studied the spatially resolved correlation between the magnetic fields and ρ
gas. Magnetic fields and gas densities are found to be correlated at sub-kiloparsec scale as B
eq ∝

ρ

gas

0.40
±
0.09

. This is broadly consistent with models, which typically predict B ∝

ρ

gas

0.5

.
Model Constraints Based on the IceCube Neutrino Nondetection of GRB 221009A
Authors: Ai Shunke , Gao He 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
GRB 221009A is a bright gamma-ray burst (GRB) with isotropic energy larger than 1054 erg. Its fairly low redshift makes it a promising candidate for high-energy neutrino detection. However, a neutrino search for this GRB reported by the IceCube collaboration yielded a null result. In this paper, we utilize the upper limit from the IceCube observation to test different GRB prompt emission models. We find that, at least for this specific burst, the dissipative photosphere model could be ruled out in a large parameter space. The internal-shock model can survive only with a large bulk motion Lorentz factor Γ, where the most stringent and conservative constraints are Γ > ∼ 450 and Γ > ∼ 200, respectively. Also, the ratio of the total dissipated energy that goes into the protons and electrons (ϵ

p
/ϵ

e
) can be constrained with a given Γ. For Γ < 400, ϵ

p
/ϵ

e
< 10 is required. For the Internal-collision-induced Magnetic Reconnection and Turbulence (ICMART) model, the constraint from GRB 221009A is modest. Under the ICMART model, only for extreme situations when most dissipated energy deposit into protons and all accelerated protons are suitable for producing neutrinos, a slightly large bulk motion (Γ > ∼ 250) is required.
The Evolution of the Supersoft X-Ray Source WX Cen Dominated by Magnetic Wind
Authors: Zang Lei , Qian Shengbang , Fernández-Lajús Eduardo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
WX Cen is most likely one of the Galactic counterparts of compact binary supersoft X-ray sources as a member of the V Sagittae class, in which mass is transferred from a donor secondary to a massive white dwarf primary via an accretion disk. Based on the photometric observations from the TESS space telescope and AAVSO database, 218 times of light minimum were determined. By collecting all available eclipse timings of WX Cen from the literature together with those newly determined, we constructed an O−C diagram and analyzed the variations in the orbital period of the eclipsing binary. It is confirmed that the orbital period is continuously decreasing and the rate of the change in the orbital period is revised to

P

̇

=
−
4.4
(
4
)
×

10

−
7

day

yr

−
1

=
−
0.038
(
3
)

s

yr

−
1

. The mass of the donor secondary is estimated as M
s ∼ 0.6 M
⊙, when the white dwarf mass is M
WD ∼ 0.9 M
⊙. By considering a conservative mass transfer from the secondary to the primary, the orbital period of WX Cen should be increasing, which is opposite to the observed continuous decrease. Therefore, the decrease in the period can be plausibly explained as the result of angular momentum loss (AML) via magnetic wind from the secondary and/or from the accretion disk. The AML causes the donor secondary with a low mass to continually be filling its critical Roche lobe and transferring material to the white dwarf. In this way, the evolution of WX Cen is dominated by the magnetic wind and continuously radiating supersoft X-rays.