bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole-brain diffusion tensor imaging predicts 6-month functional outcome in acute intracerebral haemorrhage
Authors: Schwarz G. , Kanber B. , Prados F. , Browning S. , Simister R. , Jäger H. R. , Ambler G. , Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott C. A. M. , Werring D. J. ,   the SIGNAL Investigators
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Small vessel disease (SVD) causes most spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) and is associated with widespread microstructural brain tissue disruption, which can be quantified via diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics: mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA). Little is known about the impact of whole-brain microstructural alterations after SVD-related ICH. We aimed to investigate: (1) association between whole-brain DTI metrics and functional outcome after ICH; and (2) predictive ability of these metrics compared to the pre-existing ICH score.

Methods
Sixty-eight patients (38.2% lobar) were retrospectively included. We assessed whole-brain DTI metrics (obtained within 5 days after ICH) in cortical and deep grey matter and white matter. We used univariable logistic regression to assess the associations between DTI and clinical-radiological variables and poor outcome (modified Rankin Scale > 2). We determined the optimal predictive variables (via LASSO estimation) in: model 1 (DTI variables only), model 2 (DTI plus non-DTI variables), model 3 (DTI plus ICH score). Optimism-adjusted C-statistics were calculated for each model and compared (likelihood ratio test) against the ICH score.

Results
Deep grey matter MD (OR 1.04 [95% CI 1.01–1.07], p = 0.010) and white matter MD (OR 1.11 [95% CI 1.01–1.23], p = 0.044) were associated (univariate analysis) with poor outcome. Discrimination values for model 1 (0.67 [95% CI 0.52–0.83]), model 2 (0.71 [95% CI 0.57–0.85) and model 3 (0.66 [95% CI 0.52–0.82]) were all significantly higher than the ICH score (0.62 [95% CI 0.49–0.75]).

Conclusion
Our exploratory study suggests that whole-brain microstructural disruption measured by DTI is associated with poor 6-month functional outcome after SVD-related ICH. Whole-brain DTI metrics performed better at predicting recovery than the existing ICH score.
Effects of motor–cognitive training on dual-task performance in people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Johansson Hanna , Folkerts Ann-Kristin , Hammarström Ida , Kalbe Elke , Leavy Breiffni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMotor–cognitive training in Parkinson’s disease (PD) can positively affect gait and balance, but whether motor–cognitive (dual-task) performance improves is unknown. This meta-analysis, therefore, aimed to establish the current evidence on the effects of motor–cognitive training on dual-task performance in PD. Systematic searches were conducted in five databases and 11 studies with a total of 597 people (mean age: 68.9 years; mean PD duration: 6.8 years) were included. We found a mean difference in dual-task gait speed (0.12 m/s (95% CI 0.08, 0.17)), dual-task cadence (2.91 steps/min (95% CI 0.08, 5.73)), dual-task stride length (10.12 cm (95% CI 4.86, 15.38)) and dual-task cost on gait speed (− 8.75% (95% CI − 14.57, − 2.92)) in favor of motor–cognitive training compared to controls. The GRADE analysis revealed that the findings were based on high certainty evidence. Thus, we can for the first time systematically show that people with PD can improve their dual-task ability through motor–cognitive training.
A thermodynamics-informed active learning approach to perception and reasoning about fluids
Authors: Moya Beatriz , Badías Alberto , González David , Chinesta Francisco , Cueto Elías 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLearning and reasoning about physical phenomena is still a challenge in robotics development, and computational sciences play a capital role in the search for accurate methods able to provide explanations for past events and rigorous forecasts of future situations. We propose a thermodynamics-informed active learning strategy for fluid perception and reasoning from observations. As a model problem, we take the sloshing phenomena of different fluids contained in a glass. Starting from full-field and high-resolution synthetic data for a particular fluid, we develop a method for the tracking (perception) and simulation (reasoning) of any previously unseen liquid whose free surface is observed with a commodity camera. This approach demonstrates the importance of physics and knowledge not only in data-driven (gray-box) modeling but also in real-physics adaptation in low-data regimes and partial observations of the dynamics. The presented method is extensible to other domains such as the development of cognitive digital twins able to learn from observation of phenomena for which they have not been trained explicitly.
Environmental and parental risk factors for congenital solitary functioning kidney — a case–control study
Authors: Groen in ‘t Woud Sander , Roeleveld Nel , van Rooij Iris A. L. M. , Feitz Wout F. J. , Schreuder Michiel F. , van der Zanden Loes F. M. ,   for the SOFIA study group, van Wijk J. A. E. , Westland R. , Renkema K. Y. , Lilien M. R. , Keijzer-Veen M. G. , Kloosterman F. J. , Steffens M. G. , Gracchi V. , Zegers B. , Jira P. E. , van der Deure H. , van Rooij R. W. G. , Wijnands - van den Berg E. , Breukels M. , de Pont S. M. H. B. , Harnisch E. , van Dael C. M. L. , Creemers D. , de Moor R. , Konijnenberg A. Y. , Knots E. , van der Kuur E. C. , Jacobs M. J. , Koppejan-Stapel M. , Pijning A. , Dorresteijn E. , Leunissen R. W. J. , Rijlaarsdam R. , del Canho R. , Semmekrot B. , Dings-Lammertink A. , Nijhuis I. J. M. , van Ledden-Klok M. J. , van den Broek L. M. , Jansen C. Meine , Beeren M. C. G. , Blokland-Loggers H. E. , Dorrepaal C. , Pierik L. J. W. M. , Tanja A. L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
The etiology of congenital solitary functioning kidney (CSFK) is largely unknown but likely includes various risk factors. We performed a case–control study to compare exposure to environmental and parental risk factors during embryonic kidney development between children with CSFK and healthy controls.

Methods
We included 434 children with CSFK and 1302 healthy controls from the AGORA data- and biobank matched on year of birth. Exposure to potential risk factors was investigated using parental questionnaire data. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for each potential risk factor. Multiple imputation was used to deal with missing values. Confounders for each potential risk factor were selected using directed acyclic graphs.

Results
Maternal stress was newly identified as a risk factor for CSFK (aOR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2–3.5). Known associations with conception using in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (aOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0–3.2), maternal infections during pregnancy (aOR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4–4.7), smoking during pregnancy (aOR 1.4, 95% CI 1.0–2.0), and parental CAKUT (aOR 6.6, 95% CI 2.9–15.1) were confirmed, but previous associations with diabetes and obesity could not be replicated. Folic acid supplement use and younger maternal age seemed to reduce the risk of CSFK (aORs 0.7, 95% CI 0.5–1.0, and 0.8, 95% CI 0.6–1.0, respectively).

Conclusions
Environmental and parental risk factors are likely to be involved in the development of CSFK and future studies should combine genetic, environmental, and gene-environment interaction analyses. Women wanting to become pregnant should consider optimizing their health and lifestyle.

Graphical abstract
Analyzing the impact of Driving tasks when detecting emotions through brain–computer interfaces
Authors: Quiles Pérez Mario , Martínez Beltrán Enrique Tomás , López Bernal Sergio , Martínez Pérez Gregorio , Huertas Celdrán Alberto 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTraffic accidents are the leading cause of death among young people, a problem that today costs an enormous number of victims. Several technologies have been proposed to prevent accidents, being brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) one of the most promising. In this context, BCIs have been used to detect emotional states, concentration issues, or stressful situations, which could play a fundamental role in the road since they are directly related to the drivers’ decisions. However, there is no extensive literature applying BCIs to detect subjects’ emotions in driving scenarios. In such a context, there are some challenges to be solved, such as (i) the impact of performing a driving task on the emotion detection and (ii) which emotions are more detectable in driving scenarios. To improve these challenges, this work proposes a framework focused on detecting emotions using electroencephalography with machine learning and deep learning algorithms. In addition, a use case has been designed where two scenarios are presented. The first scenario consists in listening to sounds as the primary task to perform, while in the second scenario listening to sound becomes a secondary task, being the primary task using a driving simulator. In this way, it is intended to demonstrate whether BCIs are useful in this driving scenario. The results improve those existing in the literature, achieving 99% accuracy for the detection of two emotions (non-stimuli and angry), 93% for three emotions (non-stimuli, angry and neutral) and 75% for four emotions (non-stimuli, angry, neutral and joy).
Assessing attitudes towards insulin pump therapy in adults with type 1 diabetes: Italian validation of the Insulin Pump Attitudes Questionnaire (IT-IPA questionnaire)
Authors: Messina Rossella , Indelicato Liliana , Iommi Marica , Trombetta Maddalena , Roos Timm , Hermanns Norbert , Di Sipio Annamaria , Fantini Maria Pia , Calvo Vincenzo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aims
The aim of the study was to adapt the German version of the insulin pump therapy (IPA) questionnaire to Italian (IT-IPA) and to evaluate its psychometric properties in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study, data were collected through an online survey. In addition to IT-IPA, questionnaires evaluating depression, anxiety, diabetes distress, self-efficacy, and treatment satisfaction were administered.
The six factors identified in the IPA German version were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis; psychometric testing included construct validity and internal consistency.

Results
The online survey was compiled by 182 individuals with type 1 diabetes: 45.6% continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) users and 54.4% multiple daily insulin injection users.
The six-factor model had a very good fit in our sample. The internal consistency was acceptable (Cronbach’s α = 0.75; 95% IC [0.65–0.81]).
Diabetes treatment satisfaction was positively correlated with a positive attitude towards CSII therapy (Spearman’s rho = 0.31; p < 0.01), less Technology Dependency, higher Ease of Use, and less Impaired Body Image. Furthermore, less Technology Dependency was associated with lower diabetes distress and depressive symptoms.

Conclusions
The IT-IPA is a valid and reliable questionnaire evaluating attitudes towards insulin pump therapy. The questionnaire can be used for clinical practice during consultations for shared decision-making to CSII therapy.
Anisotropic Triebel–Lizorkin spaces and wavelet coefficient decay over one-parameter dilation groups, I
Authors: Koppensteiner Sarah , van Velthoven Jordy Timo , Voigtlaender Felix 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper provides maximal function characterizations of anisotropic Triebel–Lizorkin spaces associated to general expansive matrices for the full range of parameters $$p \in (0,\infty )$$

p
∈
(
0
,
∞
)

, $$q \in (0,\infty ]$$

q
∈
(
0
,
∞
]

and $$\alpha \in {\mathbb {R}}$$

α
∈
R

. The equivalent norm is defined in terms of the decay of wavelet coefficients, quantified by a Peetre-type space over a one-parameter dilation group. As an application, the existence of dual molecular frames and Riesz sequences is obtained; the wavelet systems are generated by translations and anisotropic dilations of a single function, where neither the translation nor dilation parameters are required to belong to a discrete subgroup. Explicit criteria for molecules are given in terms of mild decay, moment, and smoothness conditions.
The importance of topography in the formation of cold-air pooling in urban spaces. The example of the city of Coimbra (Portugal)
Authors: Rochette Cordeiro António M. , Ornelas Alexandre , Silva Djime Dourado 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyze the existence of cold-air pools on anticyclonic nights in a narrow urban valley where three hospital units and a road with intense traffic are located and where the slopes associated with proximity to a medium-size mountain introduce different factors from that observed in other valleys where this phenomenon forms on cold, calm nights. On these nights, it is observed that cold-air pools develop in the valley just after sunset, in opposition to the ridge that dominates the valley (thermal belts), and it is found that their formation, development, and disappearance after the first hours of the day is a daily phenomenon. Using fixed data loggers and portable data loggers on the surface and at altitude coupled to a UAV (drone), it was possible to calculate the variation of the air temperature (as well as to locate the inversion layer) in different sectors defined along the valley. The finding of temperature oscillation along the longitudinal profile and at altitude, reflects a double source of feeding: in-situ irradiation, and the air draining down the slopes of the massif.
Distribution of tritium-helium groundwater ages in a large Cenozoic sedimentary basin (North German Plain)
Authors: Desens Annika , Houben Georg , Sültenfuß Jürgen , Post Vincent , Massmann Gudrun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe travel time of groundwater plays a major role in the understanding of hydrogeological systems; however, large data sets necessary for regional studies of groundwater age are rare. In this study, a unique large data set of groundwater samples analysed for tritium and helium isotopes collected over the last 20 years from Cenozoic aquifers of the North German Plain is explored. Hereby, the variety of natural and technical influences on the tritium-helium age, including screen depth and length, groundwater recharge rate and climatic effects, are investigated. To a sampling depth of ~40 m below ground level, the median tritium-helium age increases almost linearly with depth, reaching a maximum of 40 years. Below, the portion of older, tritium-free water rises. The tritium-helium ages of the tritium-bearing portion increase only slightly to a maximum of about 46 years. The depth distribution of the tritium-helium age shows a dependency on groundwater recharge rates. Considering the same depth level, younger ages are related to higher groundwater recharge rates as compared to groundwater that infiltrated in areas with lower recharge rates. This is especially observed for shallow depths. Tritium-helium ages younger than 40 years are reflected well in the atmospheric tritium input curves, while deviations from it can be related to anthropogenic influences such as input from nuclear power plants and irrigation with deep, tritium-poor groundwater. The regional distribution for shallow wells indicates increasing tritium-helium ages from west to east, corresponding to decreasing groundwater recharge rates due to the more continental climate in the east.
Direct measurement of unsaturated permeability of kaolin-sand mixtures
Authors: Rahimi Arezoo , Rahardjo Harianto 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUnsaturated permeabilities of six different kaolin-sand mixtures named as 100K0S, 90K10S, 80K20S, 50K50S, 20K80S, and 10K90S were directly measured using a modified flexible wall triaxial permeameter system. 90K10S means that the soil mixture contains 90% kaolin and 10% sand by dry mass. Soil–water characteristic curves (SWCC) of the kaolin-sand soil mixtures were also measured for a wide range of suctions using a Tempe pressure cell, 5-bar pressure plate, 15-bar pressure plate, and saturated salt solutions. The unsaturated permeabilities of the soil mixtures were also estimated using ten different theoretical models using (1) the measured SWCC data over a complete suction range and (2) the measured SWCC data up to 100 kPa suction in combination with the estimated SWCC data at higher suction values. The directly measured unsaturated permeability of the soil mixtures was used to validate the estimated values of unsaturated permeability. The results showed that the unsaturated permeability estimation models could reasonably fit the directly measured unsaturated permeability data when both the data from the complete measurement of SWCC and the measured SWCC data up to 100 kPa suction in combination with the estimated SWCC data at higher suction values were used.
Improved survival after laparoscopic compared to open gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer: a Swedish population-based cohort study
Authors: Tsekrekos Andrianos , Vossen Laura E. , Lundell Lars , Jeremiasen Martin , Johnsson Erik , Hedberg Jakob , Edholm David , Klevebro Fredrik , Nilsson Magnus , Rouvelas Ioannis 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Laparoscopic gastrectomy is increasingly used for the treatment of locally advanced gastric cancer but concerns remain whether similar results can be obtained compared to open gastrectomy, especially in Western populations. This study compared the short-term postoperative, oncological and survival outcomes following laparoscopic versus open gastrectomy based on data from the Swedish National Register for Esophageal and Gastric Cancer.

Methods
Patients who underwent surgery with curative intent for adenocarcinoma of the stomach or gastroesophageal junction Siewert type III from 2015 to 2020 were identified, and 622 patients with cT2-4aN0-3M0 tumors were included. The impact of surgical approach on short-term outcomes was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Long-term survival was compared using multivariable Cox regression.

Results
In total, 350 patients underwent open and 272 laparoscopic gastrectomy, of which 12.9% were converted to open surgery. The groups were similar regarding distribution of clinical disease stage (27.6% stage I, 46.0% stage II, and 26.4% stage III). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 52.7% of the patients. There was no difference in the rate of postoperative complications, but laparoscopic approach was associated with lower 90 day mortality (1.8 vs 4.9%, p = 0.043). The median number of resected lymph nodes was higher after laparoscopic surgery (32 vs 26, p < 0.001), while no difference was found in the rate of tumor-free resection margins. Better overall survival was observed after laparoscopic gastrectomy (HR 0.63, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Laparoscopic gastrectomy can be safely preformed for advanced gastric cancer and is associated with improved overall survival compared to open surgery.
Accuracy of a hand-held resistance-free flowmeters for flow adjustments of Hirst-Type pollen traps
Authors: Suarez-Suarez Mariel , Maya-Manzano Jose M. , Clot Bernard , Graber Marie-José , Sallin Christine , Tummon Fiona , Buters Jeroen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Hirst-type pollen trap (1952) is the most common device for aerobiological measurements of pollen and fungal spores in ambient air. In the 1960s the in-line flowmeter was removed and studies since then showed considerable variability in the airflow pumped through the instrument when using hand-held rotameters with an internal airflow resistance to adjust flowrates. To avoid this problem, our study compared the variability of airflow rates of Hirst-type traps when using commercially-available low-resistance airflow meters (heat anemometers) at various timescales. Experiments were conducted in Munich (Germany) and Payerne (Switzerland), using 4 different easyFlux® instruments and 6 Hirst-type pollen traps. Measurements were taken on an hourly basis from dawn to dusk at both locations, and in addition at Payerne, weekly observations over a period of one year. When using the common hand-held rotameters (with airflow resistance) the flow was 28.3% lower than with resistance-free flowmeter (i.e., measured 10 L/min which was in reality 12.8 L/min). The coefficient of variation between the four easyFlux® devices ranged from 0.32% to 1.55% over one day and from 2.88% to 8.17% over an entire year. Some of the traps showed surprising flow variations during the day. Furthermore, flowrates deviated more when measurements were made at the point where the double-sided tape is behind the orifice than elsewhere on the drum. The measurements away from this point are representative of the flow rates for most of the period of operation and flow calibration should thus be carried out away from this point, contrary to the current procedure.
Male and stale? Questioning the role of “opinion leaders” in agricultural programs
Authors: Matous Petr 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSocial networks can influence people’s behaviour and therefore it is assumed that central individuals in social networks, also called “opinion leaders”, play a key role in driving change in agricultural and food systems. I analyse the outcomes of an intervention (that encouraged Sulawesi smallholder farmers to take a specific action toward improving the health of their cocoa trees) to assess the impact of engaging opinion leaders in agricultural programs that aim to change farmers’ practices. The intervention has been implemented through (a) 18 opinion leaders identified by interviews and a social network survey of 1885 cocoa farmers; and (b) 18 randomly selected farmers who were not central in local social networks. The obtained social networks and statistical data were quantitatively analysed and the results were interpreted with input from the field staff. Contrary to expectations, the highly socially central opinion leaders were not more effective in promoting the initiative in their communities. On average, randomly selected low-centrality farmers convinced almost twice as many of their peers to take the recommended action as compared to the identified opinion leaders (17.1 versus 8.6) but the variation within the random group was also significantly higher. Importantly, while the identified opinion leaders were mostly senior men, women performed better in influencing others into taking action even when their centrality in local social networks of agricultural advice was lower. I discuss the implications of the conventional selection of perceived opinion leaders as model farmers for achieving sustainable and equitable change at scale in agriculture and propose practical alternatives.