bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High cereal fibre but not total fibre is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes: Evidence from the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study
Authors: Kabthymer Robel Hussen , Karim Md Nazmul , Hodge Allison M , de Courten Barbora 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the associations of total dietary fibre and fibre from different food sources (ie, cereal, fruit and vegetables) with the risk of diabetes.Materials and methodsThe Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study enrolled 41 513 participants aged 40 to 69 years from 1990 to 1994. The first and second follow‐ups were conducted in 1994 to 1998 and 2003 to 2007, respectively. Self‐reported diabetes incidence was recorded at both follow‐ups. We analysed data from 39 185 participants, with a mean follow‐up of 13.8 years. The relationships between dietary fibre intake (total, fruit, vegetable and cereal fibre) and the incidence of diabetes were assessed using modified Poisson regression, adjusted for dietary, lifestyle, obesity, socioeconomic and other possible confounders. Fibre intake was categorized into quintiles.ResultsAt total of 1989 incident cases were identified over both follow‐up surveys. Total fibre intake was not associated with diabetes risk. Higher intake of cereal fibre (P for trend = 0.003), but not fruit (P for trend = 0.3) and vegetable fibre (P for trend = 0.5), was protective against diabetes. For cereal fibre, quintile 5 versus quintile 1 showed a 25% reduction in diabetes risk (incidence risk ratio [IRR] 0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63‐0.88). For fruit fibre, only quintile 2 versus quintile 1 showed a 16% risk reduction (IRR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73‐0.96). Adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and waist‐to‐hip ratio eliminated the association and mediation analysis showed that BMI mediated 36% of the relationship between fibre and diabetes.ConclusionIntake of cereal fibre and, to a lesser extent, fruit fibre, may reduce the risk of diabetes, while total fibre showed no association. Our data suggest that specific recommendations regarding dietary fibre intake may be needed to prevent diabetes.
Value chain research and development: The quest for impact
Authors: Donovan Jason , Stoian Dietmar 
Published: March 2023

SummaryMotivationFor decades, governments, donors, and practitioners have promoted market‐based development approaches (MBDA), most recently in the form of value chain development (VCD), to spur economic growth and reduce poverty. Changes in approaches have been shaped by funders, practitioners and researchers in ways that are incompletely appreciated.PurposeWe address the following questions: (1) how have researchers and practitioners shaped discussions on MBDA?; and (2) how has research stimulated practice, and how has practice informed research? We hypothesize that stronger exchange between researchers and practitioners increases the relevance and impact of value chain research and development.Methods and approachWe adopt Downs' (1972) concept of issue‐attention cycles, which posits that attention to a particular issue follows a pattern where, first, excitement builds over potential solutions; followed by disenchantment as the inherent complexity, trade‐offs, and resources required to solve it become apparent; and consequently attention moves on to a new issue. We review the literature on MBDA to see how far this framing applies.FindingsWe identify five cycles of approaches to market‐based development over the last 40 or more years: (1) non‐traditional agricultural exports; (2) small and medium enterprise development; (3) value chains with a globalization perspective; (4) value chains with an agri‐business perspective; and (5) value chain development.The shaping and sequencing of these cycles reflect researchers' tendency to analyse and criticize MBDA, while providing limited guidance on workable improvements; practitioners' reluctance to engage in critical reflection on their programmes; and an institutional and funding environment that encourages new approaches.Policy implicationsFuture MBDA will benefit from stronger engagement between researchers, practitioners, and funders. Before shifting attention to new concepts and approaches, achievements and failures in previous cycles need to be scrutinized. Evidence‐based practice should extend for the length of the issue‐attention cycle; preferably it should arrest the cycling of attention. Funders can help by requiring grantees to critically reflect on past action, by providing “safe spaces” for sharing such reflections, and by engaging in joint learning with practitioners and researchers.
Multifaceted role of galectin‐4 in cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Kaur Surmeet , Singh Jatinder , Kaur Manpreet 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundGalectins are β‐galactoside‐binding proteins. Galectin‐4 has shown an effect on cancer progression/metastasis, especially in cancers of the digestive system. This can be attributed to altered glycosylation pattern of cell membrane molecules, which is a characteristic attribute of oncogenesis. The aim of this paper is to systematically review galectin‐4 in different cancers and its role in disease progression.MethodsThe study was designed on the basis of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct were used to search relevant literature with keywords “galectin‐4 AND cancer”, “galectin‐4”, “LGALS4”, and “LGALS4 AND cancer”. Inclusion criteria for study selection were availability of full‐text articles, articles in English language and articles relevant to current topic, that is, galectin‐4 and cancer. Exclusion criteria were studies that investigated other disease conditions, interventions unrelated to cancer or galectin‐4 and bias outcome.ResultsA total of 73 articles were retrieved after removing duplication from databases, out of which 40 studies were included in the review that followed the inclusion criteria, including low to moderate bias. These included 23 studies in digestive system, 5 in reproductive system, 4 in respiratory system, and 2 in brain and urothelial cancers.ConclusionsA differential expression of galectin‐4 was observed in different cancer stages/ and types. Furthermore, galectin‐4 was found to modulate disease progression. A meta‐analysis and comprehensive mechanistic studies, pertaining to different aspects of galectin‐4 biology, could give statistically driven correlations, elucidating multifaceted role of galectin‐4 in cancer.
Evaluation of the pattern of fracture formation from trauma to the human mandible with finite element analysis. Part 2: The corpus and the angle regions
Authors: Sancar Bahadır , Çetiner Yunus , Dayı Ertunç 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground/AimsAlthough the mandible is the largest and strongest bone of the facial skeleton, it is frequently broken. The fracture location in the mandible depends on the biomechanical features, direction and angle of the trauma, and masticatory muscles. This study aimed to evaluate the stresses caused by trauma to the corpus and angle regions from different angles.Materials and MethodsAfter computer‐based mandible models were created using finite element analysis, a force of 2000 Newton(N) was simulated with the mouth open or closed to the corpus and the angle. To the corpus: at 90° (Model 1) in the lateromedial direction, 45° (Model 2) in the lateromedial–inferosuperior direction, and 90° (Model 3) in the inferosuperior direction. To angle: 90° (Model 4) in the lateromedial direction and 45° (Model 5) in the lateromedial–inferosuperior direction. The resulting stress intensity was assessed using FEA.ResultsFollowing the simulated forces, the maximum stress in the mandible occurred in the condylar region, except in Model 3 (Left(L)Corpus2[36 megapascals(MPa)]) in the mouth‐closed condition. After traumas in Model 1 (open‐mouth: LCondyle2[547 MPa]) and Model 4 (closed‐mouth: LCondyle2[607 MPa]), higher stress values occurred in the condyle. In the mouth open‐closed state, there was no significant stress change in the condyle region in Model 1 (open‐mouth: LCondyle2[547 MPa], closed‐mouth:LCondyle2[546 MPa]) or in Model 2 (open mouth: Right(R)Condyle2[431 MPa], closed‐mouth:LCondyle2[439 MPa]). In Model 3, lower stress values occurred in the closed‐mouth rather than the open‐mouth (LCondyle1[167 MPa]) state. In Models 4 and 5, the stress values increased in the mouth‐closed condition compared with the mouth‐open condition.ConclusionsStress in the mandible is affected by the location of the trauma and the angle of incidence of the blow. In trauma to both the corpus and the angle, the most common area to be fractured is the condyle.
Outbreak of shoot blight and dieback of Eucalyptus spp., caused by Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti in Brazil
Authors: Zauza Edival Ângelo Valverde , da Silva Guimarães Lúcio Mauro , Sales Nilza de Lima Pereira , dos Santos Samuel Alves , Alfenas Rafael Ferreira , Alfenas Acelino Couto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn outbreak of a new and severe disease was observed in Eucalyptus plantations of Bahia state, Brazil. An Ascomycota fungus has been frequently associated with the main symptoms of the disease namely leaf spot, branch cankers, shoot blight, defoliation, and dieback. Based on morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analysis (ITS and TEF‐1α genes), and pathogenicity test on Eucalyptus plants, Pseudoplagiostoma eucalypti was identified as the causal agent of the disease. Although P. eucalytpi has been known from in Brazil since 1998, this is the first report of it causing severe disease and die‐back on Eucalyptus spp. and we also record new symptoms associated with the pathogen.
Alpha‐tACS alters attentional control but not cognitive functions as video games do: A psychophysical investigation based on the theory of visual attention
Authors: Hilla Yannik , Link Fabian , Sauseng Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVideo game players' faster speed of information processing has been shown to coincide with altered posterior alpha power modulation, that is, brain oscillatory activity around 10 Hz. Thus, it was proposed that improved cognitive processing in video game players may be related to differential alpha activity. However, a causal relationship thereof has not yet been established. We addressed this by conducting a non‐invasive brain stimulation study to demonstrate that modulating alpha power using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) may impact on speed of information processing. Furthermore, we aimed to show that this effect correlated with altered attentional control, for example, visuospatial attention and/or top‐down control processing, given that this has been suggested to contribute to video gaming effects. Therefore, we recruited 19 non‐video game players to undergo one of five brain stimulation conditions while performing a visual short‐term memory task at five different days, respectively. Thus, we applied tACS either at 10 Hz (alpha frequency) or at 16.18 Hz (control frequency) either over their left or right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) or a sham stimulation. Individuals' speed of information processing, visuospatial attention and top‐down control processing were operationalised using a computational modelling approach based on the theory of visual attention. We found that alpha‐tACS applied over individuals' left PPC altered their visuospatial attention orientation but not their speed of information processing. Thus, we were not able to establish a causal relationship between speed of information processing and altered visuospatial attention processing through alpha power modulation using non‐invasive brain stimulation.
The impact of supply chain integration from the Service‐Dominant Logic perspective: Operant resources and value generation
Authors: Rodríguez‐López Nuria , Coronado Mondragon Adrian E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes from the perspective of Service‐Dominant Logic how value is generated through supply chain integration. The inclusion of the Service‐Dominant Logic together with the Transaction Costs Economy and the Resource Based View allows exploring ways of explaining the generation of value that have been seldom studied. In particular, the role of specific resources, governance form, and information sharing are analyzed in the Spanish mining and manufacture of nonmetallic mineral products industry. The hypotheses generated are tested with structural equation modeling. The sample size was 276 cases. The findings support the importance of governance form and relation‐specific resources as operant resources, as well as the importance of the latter in amplifying the governance form's effect. Five operant resources are identified: information sharing, governance form, relation‐specific resources, trust, and relational commitment. These resources outline three ways of value generation.
Heart rate variability modification as a predictive factor of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: How far are we? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Evangelista Giacomo , Dono Fedele , Consoli Stefano , Lanzone Jacopo , Corniello Clarissa , Russo Mirella , Anzellotti Francesca , Onofrj Marco , Vollono Catello , Sensi Stefano L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a sudden, unexpected death in people with epilepsy, with or without evidence of an epileptic seizure. The pathophysiological mechanism underlying SUDEP appears to be partly associated with an autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is a reliable, non‐invasive method for detecting fluctuations in the ANS. In this systematic review we analyzed the data available in the literature on changes in HRV parameters in patients with SUDEP.MethodsWe carried out a systematic search of the literature to identify the quantitative variations of HRV in epileptic patients with SUDEP. The following databases were used: Pubmed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, and CrossRef. A pooled analysis was carried out, and the results obtained were compared using mean difference (MD). The review was registered on the PROSPERO platform (CRD42021291586).ResultsSeven articles were included, with a total of 72 SUDEP cases associated with altered HRV parameters. Generally, a reduction of SDNN (standard deviation of the RR intervals) and RMSSD (root mean square differences of successive RR intervals) was reported in most SUDEP patients. According to MD, the SUDEP patients showed no differences in time and frequency domain parameters compared to controls. However, a trend toward increased low frequency and high frequency ratio (LF/HF) was observed in the SUDEP patients.ConclusionsHRV analysis is a valuable method for assessing cardiovascular risk and cardioautonomic impairment. Although a possible association between HRV variation and SUDEP has been reported, further studies are needed to assess the potential role of HRV modifications as a SUDEP biomarker.
A comparison of statistical versus clinical classifiers of seizure clustering in women with catamenial and noncatamenial epilepsy
Authors: Herzog Andrew G. , Carrazana Enrique , Rabinowicz Adrian L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe assessed whether (1) women with statistical clustering of daily seizure counts (DSCs) or seizure intervals (SIs) also showed clinical clustering, defined separately by ≥2 (≥2‐SC) and ≥3 (≥3‐SC) seizures on any single day; and (2) how these classifiers might apply to catamenial epilepsy.MethodsThis is a retrospective case–control analysis of data from 50 women with epilepsy (WWE). We assessed the relationships of the four classifiers to each other and to catamenial versus noncatamenial epilepsy using chi‐squared, correlation, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.Results≥3‐SC, not ≥2‐SC, was more frequent in WWE who had statistical DSC clustering versus those who did not (21/25 [84.0%] vs. 11/25 [44.0%], p = .007). Logistic regression (p = .006) and ROC (p = .015) identified ≥3‐SC, not ≥2‐SC, as a predictor of statistical DSC clustering, but ≥4‐SC was more accurate. ≥3‐SC correlated with the average daily seizure frequencies (ADSFs) of the subjects (p = .01). ROC optimal sensitivity–specificity cut‐point for ADSF prediction of ≥3‐SC (.372) was 64.6% higher than for ≥2‐SC (.226). SI clustering was more common in WWE who had catamenial versus noncatamenial epilepsy (p = .013). Logistic regression identified statistical SI clustering as the only significant classifier (p = .043). ROC analysis offered only marginal support (p = .056), because specificity was low (42.1%).SignificanceThe findings lend statistical support for (1) the utility of clinical ≥3‐SC as a predictor of convulsive status epilepticus, (2) consideration of ADSFs in defining clustering, and (3) ≥4‐SC as a more accurate clinical predictor of statistical DSC clustering. Statistical SI clustering occurred more frequently in women with catamenial than noncatamenial epilepsy (90.3% vs. 57.9%, p = .013). Although sensitivity was high (90.3%, 28/31), specificity was only 42.1% (8/19). Algorithms that test patterns and periodicities of clusters are more applicable.
Male mate preference against tail‐elongated females in the barn swallow
Authors: Hasegawa Masaru , Arai Emi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe function of female ornamentation in (inter)sexual selection is attracting increasing attention, but empirical field studies are mostly based on indirect measures such as mating patterns; direct evidence of male mate preference on female ornamentation while controlling for confounding factors is needed. Here, we performed model presentation experiments to study male mate preference in the barn swallowHirundo rustica,a model species of sexual selection. Although female tails are shorter than male tails in the barn swallow, they are still long and indicate female quality, possibly due to the differential costs of ornamentation. Although many correlational and experimental studies of live females have focused on long tails in female barn swallows over the last three decades, direct behavioral tests of male mate preference are lacking. In our sequential model presentation experiment, in which we repeated the trials with the same males, we found that males significantly reduced the number of pairing displays when presented with tail‐elongated female models compared to controls. The interaction between treatment and male tail length was far from significant. The observed pattern is inconsistent with the prevailing view that female ornamentation is maintained via male preference for more ornamented females; rather, it is consistent with the sexual mimicry hypothesis, in which females can avoid sexual and social harassment by mimicking males.
Mixed mode stress intensity factors of single edge cracked/notched plates under different boundary conditions using strain energy approach
Authors: Shi Liang , Oyadiji S. Olutunde 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the mixed mode I/II stress intensity factors (SIFs) of slanted cracks/notches under tension loading. A two‐dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) was employed using the ABAQUS program. Based on the literature survey, there is a lack of solutions for SIFs of slanted cracks in plane stress plates. The strain energy approach (SEA) was adopted to analyze the notched cases. Mode I and II SIFs are derived via the SEA method from the strain energy computed using the FEA technique. The results show excellent agreement with other researchers' work. The key contribution of the present paper is the presentation of the effect of the crack/notch length to plate width ratio on the mode I and II SIFs of a slant‐edge‐cracked/notched plate under different boundary conditions. Sets of new data of mode I and II SIFs are provided herein in tabular and graphical formats.
Sedimentary DNA and pigments show increasing abundance and toxicity of cyanoHABs during the Anthropocene
Authors: Heathcote Adam J. , Taranu Zofia E. , Tromas Nicolas , MacIntyre‐Newell Meaghan , Leavitt Peter R. , Pick Frances R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) are assumed to be increasing in abundance and toxicity, but comprehensive analysis of change through time is limited, in part, because some key taxa (e.g., Microcystis) leave ambiguous evidence of historical abundance and toxicity. Sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) can allow the reconstruction of the cyanobacteria community as well as the frequency of genes specific to cyanotoxin production, enabling us to determine which taxa are present and their potential for toxin‐production.

Using a combination of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) and high‐throughput sequencing (HTS), we quantified the abundance of cyanobacterial genes of known function and changes in cyanobacteria taxa from sedDNA over the last century in nine lakes along a gradient of lake size, depth and trophic state in Minnesota, U.S.A. Using ddPCR, we quantified genes associated with microcystin toxin‐producing potential (mcyE), total cyanobacteria (CYA, 16S rRNA) and the genus Microcystis (MICR, 16S rRNA). Using HTS on a subset of lakes, we investigated how the abundance of this toxin‐producing gene covaried with the cyanobacteria community composition. We also compared ddPCR and HTS data to fossil pigments, a well‐established palaeolimnological method used to track changes in primary producers over time.

Our results showed a significant correlation between MICR and the quantity of mcyE gene and cyanobacterial taxa with known toxin‐production potential. The abundance of both genes likewise increased concomitantly through time.

Community analyses of HTS data showed significant change in cyanobacterial communities commencing c. 1950 when major land‐use change in this region led to increased lake productivity, and c. 1990 when Dolichospermum and Microcystis genera increased in abundance, and the subtropical exotic cyanobacteria Raphidiopsis raciborskii and Sphaerospermopsis aphanizomenoides became abundant. Cyanobacteria pigment data reflected these changes only in deeper lakes, suggesting issues related to benthic production or biomarker preservation in shallower systems.

This study provides evidence for historical development of increasingly toxic cyanoHABs across a diverse set of lakes and illustrates how sedDNA may help link changes in the cyanobacteria community to the expression of potentially toxic genes.
A new strategy for cellulases application in high temperature industrial scenarios with syringic acid assisting
Authors: Ran Qiuping , Huang Mengtian , Li Huanan , Chen Bixin , He Lili , Cui Xinxin , Liu Jiashu , Jiang Zhengbing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the process of bioethanol production, more stable and active cellulase in high temperature condition is required. In this study, syringic acid was applied in cellulase hydrolysis system. At 70°C, TvEG3 activity increased 201.36%, CtBglA activity decreased 72.79% by syringic acid. With syringic acid assisting, TvEG3 thermostability was improved, CtBglA thermostability was reduced. Syringic acid scarcely affected CtCBH. In hydrolysis system with the cellulases containing TvEG3, CtCBH, and CtBglA, the reducing sugar yield improved by 28.37% with syringic acid assisting. With the molecular dynamic simulation in syringic acid system, the backbone root‐mean‐square deviation (RMSD) and the residue root‐mean‐square fluctuation (RMSF) of TvEG3, CtCBH reduced, while the RMSD and RMSF of CtBglA increased. The reduction in the number of secondary structures, especially α‐helix, caused the structure of CtBglA in the presence of syringic acid to collapse at high temperature. More secondary structures in TvEG3 and more α‐helix in CtCBH in the presence of syringic acid make them more stable at high temperatures. These means syringic acid can stabilize TvEG3 and CtCBH structure, destabilize CtBglA structure at high temperature. In summary, this study not only provides insight into cellulase hydrolysis at high temperature with syringic acid assisting but also demonstrates the promoting mechanism of syringic acid.