bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
External validation of the parental attitude about childhood vaccination scale
Authors: Ghazy Ramy Mohamed , Elkhadry Sally Waheed , Abdel-Rahman Suzan , Taha Sarah Hamed N. , Youssef Naglaa , Elshabrawy Abdelhamid , Ibrahim Sarah Assem , Al Awaidy Salah , Al-Ahdal Tareq , Padhi Bijaya Kumar , Fadl Noha 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionInternal validation techniques alone do not guarantee the value of a model. This study aims to investigate the external validity of the Parental Attitude toward Childhood Vaccination (PACV) scale for assessing parents’ attitude toward seasonal influenza vaccination.MethodsUsing a snowball sampling approach, an anonymous online questionnaire was distributed in two languages (English and Arabic) across seven countries. To assess the internal validity of the model, the machine learning technique of “resampling methods” was used to repeatedly select various samples collected from Egypt and refit the model for each sample. The binary logistic regression model was used to identify the main determinants of parental intention to vaccinate their children against seasonal influenza. We adopted the original model developed and used its predictors to determine parents’ intention to vaccinate their children in Libya, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Palestine, and Sudan. The area under the curve (AUC) indicated the model’s ability to distinguish events from non-events. We visually compared the observed and predicted probabilities of parents’ intention to vaccinate their children using a calibration plot.ResultsA total of 430 parents were recruited from Egypt to internally validate the model, and responses from 2095 parents in the other six countries were used to externally validate the model. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the PACV score, child age (adolescence), and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in children were significantly associated with the intention to receive the vaccination. The AUC of the developed model was 0.845. Most of the predicted points were close to the diagonal line, demonstrating better calibration (the prediction error was 16.82%). The sensitivity and specificity of the externally validated model were 89.64 and 37.89%, respectively (AUC = 0.769).ConclusionThe PACV showed similar calibration and discrimination across the six countries. It is transportable and can be used to assess attitudes towards influenza vaccination among parents in different countries using either the Arabic or English version of the scale.
“I just had the feeling that the interval training is more beneficial”: young adults' subjective experiences of physical fitness and the role of training modes
Authors: Gropper Hannes , John Jannika M. , Sudeck Gorden , Thiel Ansgar 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveCompelling evidence has shown that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is associated with substantial increases in physical fitness. However, little is known about whether and how individuals experience these adaptations over time. The purpose of this study is, therefore, to explore how physically inactive young adults subjectively experience physical fitness and its development as they start to exercise and how these experiences relate to different intensity domains (i.e., moderate and severe) as well as to training modes [i.e., HIIT and moderate intensity continuous training (MICT)] and their sequential administration (i.e., HIIT–MICT and MICT–HIIT).MethodsThirty-one inactive participants completed a 15-week two-period sequential exercise intervention in which they first trained for six weeks in a HIIT or a MICT group and subsequently switched training modes. Interviews using the biographical mapping method were conducted at the end of the intervention to assess participants’ exercise- and fitness-related experiences over the past weeks. To assess experiential patterns, we conducted a reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsWe developed three themes that represent the temporal and processual character of starting to exercise after a prolonged period of inactivity: (1) Inactive young adults are not all the same when starting to exercise; (2) Developing physical fitness is a multi-faceted and individual experience; and (3) Feeling physically fit (or not) fosters large-scale effects.ConclusionOur results show that, in retrospect, participants mostly deemed HIIT to be more effective than MICT. Our findings also emphasize that physical fitness is a complex and subjective experience that manifests in various ways over time. The idiosyncrasy of physical fitness experiences reiterates the necessity for individually tailored exercise prescriptions instead of one-size-fits-all approaches.
Associations of Obesity With Growth and Puberty in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Fuzhou, China
Authors: Zhang Ying , Yuan Xin , Yang XiaoHong , Lin XiangQuan , Cai ChunYan , Chen ShiJun , Ai ZhuanZhuan , ShangGuan HuaKun , Wu WenYong , Chen RuiMin 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To investigate the associations of obesity with growth and puberty in children.Methods: From November 2017 to December 2019, height, weight, and Tanner stages of 26,879 children aged 3–18 years in Fuzhou, China were assessed.Results: The obese group was significantly taller than the non-obese group after age 4 years for both genders, yet there was no significant difference in height between obese and non-obese group after 15.5 years old for boys and 12.5 years old for girls. The inflection points of significant growth deceleration in obese and non-obese groups were 14.4 and 14.6 years old for boys, and 11.8 and 12.8 years old for girls, respectively. The proportions of testicular development in boys with obesity and non-obesity were 7.96% and 5.08% at 8.5–8.9 years old, respectively, while the proportions of breast development in girls were 17.19% and 3.22% at age 7.5–7.9 years old, respectively.Conclusion: Children with obesity were taller in early childhood, earlier onset of puberty and earlier cessation of growth than children with non-obesity of the same age. However, there was sex dimorphism on the effect of obesity on the incidence of precocious puberty.
Ru(II) Oxygen Sensors for Co(III) Complexes and Amphotericin B Antifungal Activity Detection by Phosphorescence Optical Respirometry
Authors: Turecka Katarzyna , Chylewska Agnieszka , Dąbrowska Aleksandra M. , Hałasa Rafał , Orlewska Czesława , Waleron Krzysztof 
Published: May 2023

The measurement of oxygen consumption is an important element in the understanding of an organism’s metabolic state. Oxygen is also a phosphorescence quencher, which allows the evaluation of phosphorescence emitted by oxygen sensors. Two Ru(II)-based oxygen-sensitive sensors were used to study the effect of chemical compounds [(1) = [CoCl2(dap)2]Cl, and (2) = [CoCl2(en)2]Cl (AmB = amphotericin B) against reference and clinical strains of Candida albicans. The tris-[(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)ruthenium(II)] chloride ([Ru(DPP)3]Cl2) (Box) adsorbed onto the DavisilTM silica gel was embedded in the silicone rubber Lactite NuvaSil® 5091 and the coating on the bottom of 96-well plates. The water-soluble oxygen sensor (BsOx = tris-[(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthrolinedisulphonic acid disodium)ruthenium(II)] chloride ‘x’ hydrate = {Ru[DPP(SO3Na)2]3}Cl2 = water molecules were omitted in the BsOx formula) was synthesized and characterized by RP-UHPLC, LCMS, MALDI, elemental analysis, ATR, UV-Vis, 1H NMR, and TG/IR techniques. The microbiological studies were performed in the environment of RPMI broth and blood serum. Both Ru(II)-based sensors turned out to be useful in the study of the activity of Co(III) complexes and the commercial antifungal drug amphotericin B. In addition, a new activity of the oxygen sensor, the soluble Ru(II) complex BsOx, was demonstrated, which is a mixture with amphotericin B that caused a significant increase in its antifungal activity. Thus, it is also possible to demonstrate the synergistic effect of compounds active against the microorganisms under study.
Erronkari eta Ansoko toponimiaz zenbait ohar
Authors: Lopez-Mugartza Iriarte Juan Karlos 
Published: May 2023

Erronkaribarko eta Anso Ibarreko toponimiaren azterketak erakusten duenez Nafarroako ekialdeko muga herri eta kultura anitzen bilgunea izan dela. Herri hauen behar komunikatiboak antzekoak ziren, baina hainbat hizkuntza diferente erabili behar zituzten haiek asetzeko; alde batetik, latinetiko bi hizkuntza (gaskoiera eta nafar-aragoiera) eta beste alde batetik erromatarren aurreko hizkuntza zahar baten bi euskalki (erronkariera eta zuberera).
Euskara oraindik bizirik dago Ansoko toponimian (aztertu diren leku izenen %23 euskaratikoak edo euskarak eragindakoak dira), eta, ordainez, nafar-aragoiera bizirik dago Erronkaribarko toponimian. Lur hauetako toponimiaren azterketatik ondorioztatzen denez, Anso ibarrean Behe Erdi Aroan erabiltzen zen euskarak inguruko euskaren ezaugarri semantiko eta morfologiko berberak ez, baina oso antzekoak izanen zituela. Orobat, erronkarierarekin antzekotasun fonetikoak izanen zituen azentuari eta tinbreari zegokienez.
Hala eta guztiz ere, ikusteke dago ea erronkariera horren urrunkor egin duten ezaugarri bereizleak Anson bertan ere gertatzen ote ziren. Ez dirudi hala denik, ordea. Alde batetik, agiriren bidez erlazio hori baieztatzeko modurik ez dago eta, bestetik, erronkarieraren garapen bokalikoak, sabaikaritze bereziak, asimilazioak, oso bizkortasun handikoak dira. Asimilazioa, zubererarengan baitan ere, ez da ezta heltzen ere erronkarierarengan heltzen den lekuetara, bizitasun handikoa baita. Nekez onar daiteke, garapen horiek guztiak gertatzen zirela, hiltzear zegoen XVI. mendeko Ansoko euskaraz. Dena den, toponimoek ematen diguten informazioa kontuan harturik, argi eta garbi nabaritzen da Erronkariko eta Ansoko toponimoak, hango euskarak, itur bakar batetik, enbor beretik atera zirela. Izan ere, morfologiak eta atzizkien eta oinarri lexikoen azterketak erakusten digunez, batzuen eta besteen jokabideak oso antzekoak ziren. Honek esan nahi dezake frankoen menperakun - tzaren eta Nafarroako eta Aragoiko erreinuan sorreraren eta indartzearen urte - ak gertatu arte, bi ibar hauen erlazio oso estua izan zela eta, orduan bai, an - tzeko euskara erabiltzen zutela.
La forme universitaire, une notion pour penser les inégalités dans l’enseignement supérieur ?
Authors: Fouilland Noé 
Published: May 2023

Pour expliquer la structure de l’enseignement primaire et secondaire, les sociologues de l’éducation ont le plus souvent recours à la notion de forme scolaire. La rupture ressentie par les étudiant∙e∙s entre le lycée et les études supérieures semble cependant indiquer que cette notion ne peut être directement appliquée à l’enseignement supérieur. Pour saisir les spécificités de ce niveau d’enseignement, cet article se propose d’identifier les caractéristiques historiques de ce que l’on pourrait appeler une « forme universitaire » de relations sociales. Celle-ci émerge au XIXe siècle et peut se caractériser par les traits interdépendants suivants : 1) des enseignant∙e∙s à la fois diffuseurs et producteurs de savoirs ; 2) une organisation disciplinaire des savoirs et des carrières ; 3) un enseignement articulé principalement autour des cours magistraux. Ces caractéristiques spécifiques ont des conséquences en termes d’inégalités dans l’enseignement supérieur. D’une part, le fait que les cursus s’organisent autour de disciplines savantes implique la valorisation d’un rapport socialement situé au savoir. D’autre part, l’encadrement ténu des étudiant∙e∙s laisse les attendus du travail universitaire largement implicites.
Quelle école, quels personnels, quelle formation ?
Authors: Campion Marie-Danièle , Louveaux François 
Published: May 2023

Au cœur des difficultés de recrutement que connaissent les trois fonctions publiques, la responsabilité de la formation dans l’attractivité des métiers de l’enseignement se pose. La formation initiale est objet de débats et de réformes depuis trente ans, tout en négligeant la situation des contractuels. La formation continue intéresse depuis les années 2020. Le continuum de formation reste très hypothétique, l’approche administrative, technique. L’essentiel ne serait-il pas d’établir en préalable ce que la société attend aujourd’hui de son école, donc des personnels enseignants, donc de leur formation ?
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN RATA-RATA LAMA SEKOLAH MELALUI ALOKASI ANGGARAN BIDANG PENDIDIKAN DI KABUPATEN BOGOR
Authors: Erik Harninta Putra  , Falatehan A. Faroby , Harianto Harianto 
Published: May 2023

Human development emphasizes on enlarging people’s choices and improving their well-being. Education is a key to meet the goals of human development. It could be seen through Mean Years Schooling (MYS) as an indicator indicating education achievement of community. Bogor regency has a potential human resource dominated by productive age. However, their Mean Years Schooling is still under the Mean Years Schooling achievement of West Java Province and national level. The purpose of this research was to formulate a strategy in improving Mean Years Schooling in Bogor regency. This study used SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) and QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) as analisis methods. There were seven alternative strategies formulated by SWOT analysis that then were prioritized using QSPM in order to obtain a priority strategy. It was finally determined that implementing a productive budget allocation on education development was the priority strategy for increasing Mean Years Schooling in Bogor Regency.
Keywords: MYS, education development, SWOT, QSPM
Pemanfaatan Generator Elektrolyzer Hydrogen Zinc Plate Untuk Sepeda Motor Injection 110 cc
Authors: Wawan Herwanto  , Rahmalina Dwi , Setiawan Indra Chandra 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen untuk membuat generator yang menghasilkan gas HHO inovatif sederhana dan mengevaluasi pengaruh penambahan gas HHO terhadap sistem bahan bakar injeksi pada sepeda motor, sebagai peningkat kinerja mesin dan gas buang mesin sepeda motor. Sel HHO dirancang, dibuat dan dioptimalkan untuk produktivitas gas HHO yang terbuat dari 6 buah plat seng berukuran 90 milimeter x 90 milimeter dengan ketebalan 1milimeter berjarak 3 milimeter, sebagai elektrolyzer pada larutan air 400 cc dengan 5 gram Natrium Hidroksida (NaOH). Terjadi penambahan tenaga maksimum untuk bahan bakar pertamax dengan gas hydrogen sebesar 0,96%, dan polutan emisi gas buang untuk carbonmonoksida pada mesin berbahan bakar pertamax tanpa hidrogen yaitu 0,08%, nilai dari mesin berbahan bakar pertamax dengan hidrogen sebesar 0,02%, selisih 0,06%, jauh lebih rendah dan hidrokarbon yang dihasilkan dari pengujian mesin berbahan bakar pertamax tanpa hidrogen 67 ppm, dengan ambang batas ≤ 200 ppm, nilai Hidrokarbon pada mesin berbahan bakar pertamax dengan hidrogen jauh lebih rendah yaitu sebesar 3 ppm, selisih 64 ppm.
Optimasi Parameter Pengelasan pada Proses Pengelasan Tahanan Listrik Komponen Bracket Rear Console untuk Peningkatan Masa Pakai Elektroda
Authors: Jatikusuma Yongki , Al Huda Mahfudz 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengamatan terhadap beberapa kondisi yang terjadi pada proses pengelasan tahanan listrik bracket rear console. Kondisi permukaan benda kerja yang kasar, torsi yang besarnya 4,5 kali standar minimum, press separation yang besarnya 2,5 kali standar minimum, berkurangnya material elektroda sedalam1 mm saat dresser untuk setiap 200 cycle pengelasan. Kondisi saat ini termasuk dalam kondisi standar yang sangat tinggi atau bahkan sudah mencapai kondisi berlebih. Kondisi tersebut memberikan peluang untuk dilakukan optimasi parameter pengelasan sehingga didapat kondisi baru yang lebih rendah dari kondisi sebelumnya namun dengan tetap memperhatikan 4 faktor kualitas [setdown, torsi, press separation, welding length] sekaligus dapat membuat masa pakai elektroda mengalami peningkatan. Optimasi parameter pengelasan dilakukan dengan melakukan 2 variasi penurunan tekanan elektroda (3,2 MPa & 2,9 MPa) dan mengkombinasikan dengan 2 variasi penurunan arus (6120 A & 5780 A) serta melakukan pengamatan hasil proses pengelasan terhadap 4 faktor kualitas. Kombinasi tekanan elektroda 2,9 MPa dan arus 6120 A memberikan hasil yang terbaik. Permasalahan kondisi permukaan yang kasar dapat teratasi, kedalaman dresser berkurang menjadi 0,4 mm untuk setiap 250 cycle, terjadi peningkatan masa pakai elektroda 25 %. Pengamatan terhadap rata-rata 4 faktor kualitas: setdown 87 %, torsi 80 Nm, press separation 7866 N, welding length 3,3 mm. Hasil pengelasan dengan parameter baru masih memenuhi standar kriteria pengelasan yang digunakan, sehingga kondisi optimasi dapat untuk diaplikasikan pada aktual proses produksi.
Analisis Energi Panas pada Alat Pengering Kacang Mete
Authors: LA ODE MOHAMMAD FIRMAN  , Suyitno Budhi 
Published: May 2023

Peningkatan perpindahan panas dan uap antara udara dan produk yang dikeringkan adalah sangat penting pada pengeringan produk-produk pertanian, misalnya pengeringan kacang mete. Peningkatan panas dan temperatur udara di dalam ruang pengering kacang mete diperoleh dari energi surya. Umumnya, energi panas dan temperatur udara yang dibutuhkan oleh ruang pengering tidak tercapai sebagaimana energi panas dan temperatur dari energi surya. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini, dibangun sebuah prototip alat pengering yang dilengkapi dengan alat penukar kalor (APK). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan analisis perpindahan panas dan temperatur udara di ruang pengering dan di APK, serta membuktikan penggunaan persamaan. Dimensi prototip adalah panjang, lebar dan tinggi masing-masing 1 m, dan jumlah kapasitas kacang mete yang dikeringkan sebanyak 30 kg. Sumber panas yang digunakan berasal dari energi surya untuk memanaskan ruang pengering dan bahan bakar batu bara untuk memanaskan APK. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pengamatan secara langsung, dan melakukan analisis. Hasil yang diperoleh saat melakukan pengamatan bahwa penggunaan energi surya menunjukkan temperatur udara di ruang pengering masih berada di bawah 60 oC. Oleh sebab itu, penambahan energi panas yang berasal dari APK sangat dibutuhkan agar temperatur udara dalam ruang pengering dapat mencapai 60 oC. Peningkatan temperatur udara dalam ruang pengering membutuhkan energi panas dari APK sebesar qAPK = 23.3 kJ/s. Perpindahan panas selama proses pengeringan adalah: perpindahan panas secara konveksi (qk) = 0.32 kJ/s, Radiasi (qn) = 0.4 kJ/s dan konduksi (qd) = 1.1 kJ/s. Sedangkan kehilangan panas melalui ventilasi sebesar (qV2) = 20.3 kJdet.
Studi Kelayakan Teknis Dan Konsep Desain Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Biomassa Dengan Kapasitas 10 MW Di Kotawaringin Barat
Authors: Yudi_m_s  , Raharjo  
Published: May 2023

Sebagai bentuk upaya pemerintah untuk mendorong penggunaan energy terbarukan yang ramah lingkungan, serta untuk mengurangi penggunaan bahan bakar minyak (BBM) atau bahan bakar fosil di Indonesia yang tertuang dalam Peraturan Presiden atau PERPRES No.05/2006, serta dalam upaya mempercepat pencapaian target EBT sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh peraturan pemerintah Nomor 79 Tahun 2014 tentang Kebijakan Energi Nasional (PP KEN) dan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 22 Tahun 2017 Tentang Rencana Umum Energi Nasional (Perpres RUEN), yang berimplikasi mengurangi emisi gas rumah kaca, mengurangi impor energi fosil, memperbaiki neraca perdagangan, dan meningkatkan sumber devisa negara, karena potensinya yang sangat besar di Indonesia, salah satu sumber energi yang dapat dimanfaatkan dan belum mendapatkan banyak perhatian adalah energi biomassa yang salah satunya adalah berasal dari kayu. Sebelum tahap pembangunan perlu mengkaji dan menetukan beberapa bidang ilmu dan teknologi yang terkait dengan pembangunan tersebut seperti mengetahui pemanfaatan potensi ketersediaan bahan baku studi biomassa, menentukan teknologi konversi, menghitung kapasitas, serta penetuan lokasi. Kajian multi disiplin ilmu tersebut akan menentukan kelayakan pembangunan PLTBm. Pertimbangan aspek teknis ketersediaan sumber bahan bakar biomassa untuk Pembangkit listrik lenaga biomassa 1 x 10 MW adalah 141.436,80 Ton/Tahun, lahan yang diperlukan adalah 3.519 Ha, dari hasil studi kelayakan teknis ini bahwa PLTBm di Kotawaringin Barat menentukan jenis kayu yang terbaik adalah kayu jabon dan sebagai alternative pengganti adalah wood pellet/ pellet kayu dengan mempertimbangkan Nilai Moisture Content dan Nilai Calorific Value, karena ini akan sangat menentukan sistem pembakaran pada PLTBm. Berdasarkan perhitungan Heat Balance, konsumsi woodchip untuk PLTBm di kotawaringin barat dengan kapasitas 1 x 10 MW membutuhkan 16,37 Ton/jam atau 141.436,80 Ton/Tahun. Sedangkan konsumsi wood pellet adalah 10,34 Ton/jam atau 83.381,76 Ton/tahun berdasarkan kondisi dan teknologi proses konversi energi biomasa menjadi energi listrik menggunakan metode Direct Firing dengan menggunakan boiler tipe stocker jenis grate overfeed. Untuk Nett Power Output didesain pada daya sebesar 10 MW, sedangkan Gross Power Output didesain pada daya 12,5 MW.
The use of multimedia in language teaching
Authors: Barbulet Gabriel 
Published: May 2023

The most common method to teach foreign languages is the use of course books. However, the 21st century serves other possibilities to use during learning, such as multimedia tools. The use of Internet, newspapers, the radio, or TV might be an alternative to typical language teaching methods.
Multimedia can be defined as the exciting combination of computer hardware and software that allows you to integrate video, animation, audio, graphics, and test resources to develop effective presentations on an affordable desktop computer. The method of teaching a foreign language through Multimedia has been used wider and wider and it has contributed a lot to higher teaching quality. Chalk-and-Talk teaching method is not enough to teach a foreign language effectively. We should change our teaching ideas and recognize their impersonal attribute as one kind of teaching method. Thus we can utilize modern education technology reasonably to fulfill the target of language teaching. We live in times where multimedia tools accompany almost everyone in their daily activities, e.g. one can get ready to leave home with the rhythm of the music on the radio, while another person cannot imagine breakfast without reading a newspaper. This illustrates the media’s enormous impact on people. It seems to be more enjoyable when knowledge is gained through multimedia tools: entertainment, language authenticity, and encouragement to learn more are provided. Consequently, boredom, which sometimes accompanies working with a course book during lessons, might be avoided. Of course, everything depends on the teacher’s attitude and preparation. What is more convincing, is the fact that all the skills may be taught with the use of multimedia tools. Moreover, they may satisfy all types of learners, which is not always possible during teaching with a course book.
IGZO thin-film transistors with tunneling contacts: towards power efficient display
Authors: Kim Jaewon , Oh Seunghyeon , Jo Hyerin , Oh Hongseok 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We report the fabrication and characterization of indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) tunneling thin-film transistors. Both the IGZO channel and an Al2O3 tunneling barrier layer were deposited using the radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method. Compared with a conventional device, our device exhibited rapid saturation at a much smaller drain bias. Interestingly, we observed two different current saturation mechanisms within a single device, which can be explained as competition between the depletion envelope near the source electrode and channel depletion near the drain electrode. This work represents an industry-friendly method for implementing the tunnel-contact approach in the display industry.