bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethylene inhibits malate accumulation in apple by transcriptional repression of aluminum‐activated malate transporter 9 via the WRKY31‐ERF72 network
Authors: Wang Jia‐Hui , Gu Kai‐Di , Zhang Quan‐Yan , Yu Jian‐Qiang , Wang Chu‐Kun , You Chun‐Xiang , Cheng Lailiang , Hu Da‐Gang 
Published: February 2023

Summary

Malic acid accumulation in the vacuole largely determines acidity and perception of sweetness of apple. It has long been observed that reduction in malate level is associated with increase in ethylene production during the ripening process of climacteric fruits, but the molecular mechanism linking ethylene to malate reduction is unclear.

Here, we show that ethylene‐modulated WRKY transcription factor 31 (WRKY31)–Ethylene Response Factor 72 (ERF72)–ALUMINUM ACTIVATED MALATE TRANSPORTER 9 (Ma1) network regulates malate accumulation in apple fruit.

ERF72 binds to the promoter of ALMT9, a key tonoplast transporter for malate accumulation of apple, transcriptionally repressing ALMT9 expression in response to ethylene. WRKY31 interacts with ERF72, suppressing its transcriptional inhibition activity on ALMT9. In addition, WRKY31 directly binds to the promoters of ERF72 and ALMT9, transcriptionally repressing and activating ERF72 and ALMT9, respectively. The expression of WRKY31 decreases in response to ethylene, lowering the transcription of ALMT9 directly and via its interactions with ERF72.

These findings reveal that the regulatory complex WRKY31 forms with ERF72 responds to ethylene, linking the ethylene signal to ALMT9 expression in reducing malate transport into the vacuole during fruit ripening.
Influence of cognitive reserve on cognitive and motor function in α‐synucleinopathies: A systematic review protocol
Authors: Saywell Isaac , Child Brittany , Foreman Lauren , Collins‐Praino Lyndsey , Baetu Irina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCognitive reserve has been used to justify neuropathologically unexplainable mismatches in Alzheimer's disease outcomes. Recent evidence has suggested this effect may be replicable across other conditions. However, it is still unclear whether cognitive reserve applies to α‐synucleinopathies or to motor outcomes, or if medication confounds effects. This review protocol follows PRISMA‐P guidelines and aims to investigate whether cognitive reserve can predict both cognitive and motor outcomes for α‐synucleinopathy patients. MEDLINE (via PubMed), Scopus, psycINFO (via Ovid), CINAHL (via EBSCO), and Web of Science have been searched. Cross‐sectional, cohort, case‐control, and longitudinal studies investigating the association between cognitive reserve and cognitive and/or motor outcomes for Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, or multiple system atrophy will be included. Reviewers will independently perform screening, while also extracting data, assessing the risk of bias (using a version of the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool), and rating evidence quality (using GRADE). If possible, random‐effects meta‐analyses will be conducted for each unique outcome variable and α‐synucleinopathy; otherwise, a narrative synthesis will be performed. Depending on the number of studies, exploratory analyses may involve meta‐regression to assess potential confounding effects. Understanding the broader protective effect of cognitive reserve has significant implications for preventive interventions in the wider population.
Heterogeneity of design features in studies included in systematic reviews with meta‐analysis of cognitive outcomes in children born very preterm
Authors: Sentenac Mariane , Twilhaar Sabrina , Benhammou Valérie , Morgan Andrei S. , Johnson Samantha , Chaimani Anna , Zeitlin Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundMeta‐analyses of the voluminous scientific literature on the impact of very preterm (VPT, <32 weeks' gestation) birth on cognition find a marked deficit in intelligence quotient (IQ) among children born VPT relative to term‐born peers, but with unexplained between‐study heterogeneity in effect size.ObjectivesTo conduct an umbrella review to describe the design and methodology of primary studies and to assess whether methodological heterogeneity affects the results of meta‐analyses.Data SourcesPrimary studies from five systematic reviews with meta‐analysis on VPT birth and childhood IQ.Study Selection and Data ExtractionInformation on study design, sample characteristics and results was extracted from studies. Study features covered study type, sample size, follow‐up rates, adjustment for social context, management of severe impairments and test type.SynthesisWe used random‐effects subgroup meta‐analyses and meta‐regressions to investigate the contribution of study features to between‐study variance in standardised mean differences (SMD) in IQ between groups.ResultsIn 58 cohorts (56%), children with severe impairments were excluded, while 23 (22%) cohorts accounted for social factors. The least reported feature was the follow‐up rate (missing in 38 cohorts). The largest difference in SMDs was between studies using full scale IQ tests (61 cohorts, SMD −0.89, 95% CI −0.96, −0.82) versus short‐form tests (27 cohorts, SMD −0.68, 95% CI −0.79, −0.57). The proportion of between‐study variance explained by the type of test was 14%; the other features explained less than 1% of the variance.ConclusionsStudy design and methodology varied across studies, but most of them did not affect the variance in effect size, except the type of cognitive test. Key features, such as the follow‐up rate, were not consistently reported limiting the evaluation of their potential contribution. Incomplete reporting limited the evaluation of the full impact of this methodological diversity.
Peri‐implantitis as the consequence of errors in implant therapy
Authors: Roccuzzo Andrea , Imber Jean‐Claude , Salvi Giovanni Edoardo , Roccuzzo Mario 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPeri‐implantitis is a plaque‐associated pathologic condition occurring in tissues around dental implants, characterized by inflammation in the peri‐implant mucosa and subsequent progressive loss of supporting bone. It is a highly prevalent disease, as extensively estimated by large‐population, cross‐sectional studies. As peri‐implant diseases represent opportunistic infections, it is reasonable to assume that nonideal conditions, local and/or general, may favor the progression of peri‐implant inflammation. Some of these conditions could be a result of poor planning and/or inadequate execution of any step of the entire process treatment. This article describes the major possible factors in implant therapy that may lead to peri‐implantitis. For some of these (ie, inappropriate patient selection, insufficient periodontal therapy, lack of diagnosis and management of peri‐implant mucositis, erratic supportive peri‐implant/periodontal therapy) there is a good level of evidence, whereas for others (ie, wrong implant placement, poor postoperative care, inadequate prosthetic reconstruction, lack of assessment and management of peri‐implant soft‐tissue deficiencies) there is little scientific evidence. More research is therefore needed to clearly identify the errors and/or complications possibly leading to peri‐implantitis, particularly over the long term.
Expanding the political market framework to explain executive decision‐making during the COVID‐19 crisis
Authors: Curley Cali , Federman Peter Stanley , Shen Ruowen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe traditional political market framework (PMF) argues that elected officials respond to policy demands by adopting policy that furthers their goal of reelection. However, an emerging crisis can make this approach to decision‐making challenging as the immediacy of response, the needs of the public, and technical expertise may conflict with reelection goals. This conflict can encourage elected officials to engage in blame avoidance by delegating policy‐making powers to the bureaucracy. Utilizing a mixed methods approach to analyze state‐level governor responses to COVID‐19, this paper expands the PMF by capturing the influence of bureaucratic demands on elected official decisions to delegate or transfer power to the bureaucracy. We find evidence that bureaucratic expertise, under the right set of circumstances, influences policymaker decisions to delegate policymaking power. Lastly, we advocate for a renewed focus on democratic principles and the consequences of delegation for transparency, accountability, and social equity. In understanding the specific dynamics at play when bureaucrats and executives work to develop policy in crisis, practitioners may gain a better understanding of how to navigate difficult decisions. The specific executive orders across states are not particularly well‐known, and providing evidence of the steps other states took to combat the crisis may prove useful to practitioners in the emergency management space. If practitioners have a more complete understanding of why policy is made and by what mechanisms, they may apply a focus on implementation strategies that are effective and relevant.
Competence in virtual communication: Remote transformational leadership
Authors: Loyless Lauren H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper seeks to evaluate how researched communication methods from within transformational leadership theory can contribute to the overall effectiveness of leader and organizational performance within remote working environments. A review of existing literature within the scope of research will aim to uncover if the four established elements of communication (oral, written, listening, and nonverbal), as defined by the Van Wart text Leadership in Public Organizations, remain efficient in transformational leadership theory, or if methods must be expanded upon when looking toward the future. With the onset of the COVID‐19 global pandemic in 2020, it is theorized that a modern‐day addition to the communications mix is needed to endure contemporary events impacting leadership performance and rapidly changing organizations across the world.
Cortical thickness and neurocognitive performance in former high‐level female soccer and non‐contact sport athletes
Authors: Haase Franziska Katharina , Prien Annika , Douw Linda , Feddermann‐Demont Nina , Junge Astrid , Reinsberger Claus 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundLong‐term effects of playing soccer (football) on the brain structure and function of the brain are vividly debated. While some studies showed differences in neurocognitive performance and structural brain changes in retired male players, data on female players are scarce. The present study compares cortical thickness and neurocognitive performance in former high‐level female soccer (SOC) and non‐contact sport athletes (CON).Methods3 T T1‐weighted 3D MPRAGE MRI was performed, and vertex‐wise cortical thickness was analyzed using FreeSurfer (v. 6.0.0). Neurocognitive performance in seven domains of SOC and CON was assessed. A multivariate linear model was used to analyze interactions with respect to heading frequency and a history of concussion.ResultsSOC (n = 15, mean age 38.3 ± 5.1 years) and CON (n = 16, mean age 36.6 ± 5.8 years) had a similar cortical thickness and performed similarly in the neurocognitive tests except for verbal memory and psychomotor speed, where SOC performed significantly worse than CON. Moderate headers had a significantly larger cortical thickness than rare headers in the right inferior parietal region. Visual memory and cortical thickness were positively correlated in the group of frequent headers and negatively correlated in CON, but not in the other header groups.PerspectiveIn contrast to previous reports in male soccer players, female players did not reveal cortical thinning in comparison with control athletes, whereas neurocognitive profiles of female soccer players might not significantly differ from male athletes. Small sample sizes, subjective header assessment, and the case–control study design require a cautious interpretation.
The particularity of photographic experience
Authors: Jagnow René 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA common view in the philosophy of perception holds that states of seeing objects face to face have particular contents. When you see, say, a dog face to face, your visual state represents the particular dog that is in front of you. In this paper, I argue for a related claim about states of seeing objects in conventional photographs. When you see a dog in a photograph, for example, your visual state represents the particular dog that was in front of the camera when the photograph was taken, that is, the photograph's depictum. The argument in this paper proceeds in two steps. In the first step, I discuss states of seeing objects face to face. I argue that such a state represents the particular object whose surface is responsible for the optical information that the visual system uses to construct the state's attributive representational content. In the second step, I apply the result of this discussion to states of seeing objects in photographs. I argue that a state of seeing an object in a photograph has a particular content that represents the object that was in front of the camera when the photograph was taken.
Frontal sinus carcinoma in forty‐one dogs (2001–2022)
Authors: Gedon Julia , Kessler Martin , Schmidt Jarno M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReports on canine frontal sinus carcinomas (FSCs) are scarce. This retrospective review of 41 dogs with FSC (2001–2022) describes demographic and clinical characteristics of canine FSC and reports the clinical experience and overall survival following treatment with toceranib phosphate (TOC) and meloxicam in 10 cases. Median age at diagnosis was 10.6 years (range: 6.5–15.4 years). There was a male‐to‐female‐ratio of 2.4:1. The most common breeds were Jack Russell Terriers (JRT) (n = 7; 17.1%) and Rottweilers (n = 3, 7.3%). Mesocephalic breeds (70.6%) were most commonly affected, brachycephalics accounted for 8.8%. The most frequent clinical signs included skull deformation dorsomedial to the eye (87.5%), pain/head‐shyness (40.0%), ocular (22.5%)/nasal (17.5%) discharge, and exophthalmos (17.5%). Duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis varied from a few days to 9 months. There were no neurological signs at initial presentation despite imaging evidence of osteolysis of the lamina interna of the frontal bone in most dogs (69.4%). In 11.5%, pulmonary changes suggestive of metastasis or concurrent primary pulmonary neoplasia were present. Tumour types included squamous cell carcinoma (58.5%), unspecified carcinoma (29.3%), and adenocarcinoma (9.8%). Ten dogs were treated with TOC (median 2.8 mg/kg EOD or three times per week) and meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg, EOD) (TOC‐M), resulting in subjective regression of skull deformity in 8/10 (80.0%) patients. Overall median survival time with TOC‐M was 183.5 days (range: 120–434 days). FSCs typically present with skull deformation, but no overt neurological signs. Male dogs and JRT may be overrepresented. The use of TOC‐M in FSC appears promising and warrants further prospective evaluation.
The influence of sex and age on bone turnover markers in the adult to geriatric Kangal shepherd dogs
Authors: Ekici Mehmet , Koçkaya Mustafa , Baş‐Ekici Hacer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this research was to learn more about bone metabolism in intact female and male Kangal shepherd dogs during the aging process following skeletal maturity. It also evaluated the potential application of biochemical bone indicators in veterinary clinical practice.MethodsBone markers were determined as bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), osteocalcin (OC), C‐terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and cross‐linked C‐telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) in this study. Kangal shepherd dogs of different age (adult, senior, and geriatric) and sex (male and female) groups were split into six groups of equal numbers (n = 8/group).ResultsIn this study, the effect of age was observed on serum BALP, OC, CTX, and ICTP concentrations. Specifically, BALP was highest in geriatric female Kangal shepherd dogs, while serum OC, CTX, and ICTP concentrations were highest in geriatric male Kangal shepherd dogs. However, no effects of sex and age–sex interactions were identified. Moreover, the effects of age, sex, and age–sex interactions had no significant effect on serum creatinine, CK, LDH, Mg, and P concentrations or ALT activities. However, only sex was found to affect serum AST activities and gradually decreased with age in females. The effect of age and age–sex interactions on serum Ca concentrations was significant (the lowest serum Ca concentrations were in geriatric females), but the effect of sex was not.ConclusionsThese results show the effect of age and sex on bone turnover in Kangal shepherd dogs and provide information about bone biomarkers.
Diversity of cells and signals in the cardiovascular system
Authors: Grandi Eleonora , Navedo Manuel F. , Saucerman Jeffrey J. , Bers Donald M. , Chiamvimonvat Nipavan , Dixon Rose E. , Dobrev Dobromir , Gomez Ana M. , Harraz Osama F. , Hegyi Bence , Jones David K. , Krogh‐Madsen Trine , Murfee Walter Lee , Nystoriak Matthew A. , Posnack Nikki G. , Ripplinger Crystal M. , Veeraraghavan Rengasayee , Weinberg Seth 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis white paper is the outcome of the seventh UC Davis Cardiovascular Research Symposium on Systems Approach to Understanding Cardiovascular Disease and Arrhythmia. This biannual meeting aims to bring together leading experts in subfields of cardiovascular biomedicine to focus on topics of importance to the field. The theme of the 2022 Symposium was ‘Cell Diversity in the Cardiovascular System, cell‐autonomous and cell–cell signalling’. Experts in the field contributed their experimental and mathematical modelling perspectives and discussed emerging questions, controversies, and challenges in examining cell and signal diversity, co‐ordination and interrelationships involved in cardiovascular function. This paper originates from the topics of formal presentations and informal discussions from the Symposium, which aimed to develop a holistic view of how the multiple cell types in the cardiovascular system integrate to influence cardiovascular function, disease progression and therapeutic strategies. The first section describes the major cell types (e.g. cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, fibroblasts, neurons, immune cells, etc.) and the signals involved in cardiovascular function. The second section emphasizes the complexity at the subcellular, cellular and system levels in the context of cardiovascular development, ageing and disease. Finally, the third section surveys the technological innovations that allow the interrogation of this diversity and advancing our understanding of the integrated cardiovascular function and dysfunction.
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An Iterative Method Based on a 3-DOF Model for Optimal Seismic Design of Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Jiang Yuheng , Duan Liping , Zhao Jincheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs a key infrastructure in the lifeline system, the safety of the Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plants (CFTPPs) under earthquake loading is not properly considered since a systematic optimization method for seismic design of CFTPPs is scarce. This paper presents a simple iterative method for globally optimizing the dynamic parameters of the typical CFTPPs, which can be considered a special type of tuned mass damping. In this paper, the fixed-point theory is first applied to a 2-DOF model of an actual CFTPP as a benchmark. Because the optimized parameters obtained from the fixed-point theory are roughly and cannot be used in practice, an iterative method based on the frequency domain analysis of a 3-DOF model of the CFTPP is then presented and used to obtain more detailed and optimized parameters, where the basic idea is to make extremum values of frequency response curve as small as possible. To show the potential of the proposed method, an illustrative example is introduced, and the results show that the presented method is effective in alleviating the seismic responses of CFTPPs. Compared to the classic fixed-point theory, the presented iterative method can handle multi-DOF models under different conditions but needs no complicated calculations, and this makes it possible to lead to a more efficient and precise seismic design of CFTPPs.
Reverse Circulation Displacement of Miscible Fluids for Primary Cementing
Authors: Ghorbani Maryam , Royaei Arsalan , Joakim Skadsem Hans 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrimary cementing is the well construction operation where drilling fluid is displaced from the annular space behind the casing string, and replaced by a cement slurry. The annular cement sheath is a critical barrier element that should provide zonal isolation along the well and prevent uncontrolled flow of formation fluids to the environment. We present a combined experimental and computational study of reverse circulation displacement of the annulus, corresponding to operations where cementing fluids are pumped down the annulus from the surface. We focus on iso-viscous displacements in a vertical and concentric annulus, and vary the density hierarchy among the fluids to study both stable and density-unstable displacement conditions. While the interface between the two fluids is advected according to the laminar annular velocity profile for density-stable and iso-dense displacements, considerable secondary flows and fluid mixing is observed for density-unstable cases. Increasing the imposed velocity from the top is seen to provide a certain stabilizing effect by suppressing backflow of the lighter fluid and reduce the magnitude of azimuthal fluctuations. Computational results are in qualitative agreement with the experiments, and support the categorization of the displacement flows as either inertial or diffusive, in accordance with previous work on buoyant pipe displacements.
A Real-Time Fluid Dynamic Air Brake Model for Long Heavy Haul Trains
Authors: Wu Qing , Ge Xiaohua , Bernal Esteban , Liu Pengfei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPractical real-time fluid dynamic air brake models for long heavy haul trains have not been reported in open literature. Based on a previous work titled “Railway Air Brake Model and Parallel Computing Scheme” in the same journal, this paper proposed upgrades to the previous model and achieved the real-time feature. The real-time contributing factors included a new brake cylinder model, a new scheme for updating characteristics, and the application of parallel computing. Results show that, for a 150-wagon train emergency brake simulation, the computing speed was improved from 5.26 times slower than real-time to 8.6 times faster than real-time. The three contributions improved the computing speed by 8.8, 1.8, and 2.9 times faster than the baseline models, respectively.
Nonlinear Vibration of a Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Gear Transmission System With Multipiecewise Linear Functions
Authors: Liao F. L. , Huang J. L. , Zhu W. D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPeriodic and period-doubling vibrations in a gear transmission system subjected to forced excitations with multipiecewise linear functions are investigated in this work by using the incremental harmonic balance (IHB) method. The nonlinear ordinary differential equations that govern vibration of the gear transmission system are formulated by employing the Newton's second law. Analytical results reveal abundant interesting phenomena, including jumps, bifurcations, softening-spring behaviors, and primary, super-harmonic, and subharmonic resonances, which have not been exhibited in existing investigations on nonlinear vibrations of gear transmission systems. Nonlinear phenomena and resonances of the gear transmission system are revealed by considering different numbers of degrees-of-freedom of the system. The bifurcations containing saddle-node, period-doubling, and Hopf bifurcations are observed in frequency response curves. The period-doubling phenomena are characterized by phase-plane diagrams and Fourier spectra. Further, analytical results obtained by the IHB method match very well with those from numerical integration.