bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Staying connected and feeling less exhausted: The autonomy benefits of after‐hour connectivity
Authors: van Zoonen Ward , Treem Jeffrey W. , Sivunen Anu E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the longitudinal relationship between after‐hour connectivity, autonomy and exhaustion. In doing so, we seek to illuminate the role of individuals' connectivity to work in relation to their autonomy and well‐being. We juxtapose different effective directions of the relationship between connectivity and autonomy to shed light on whether and how connectivity and autonomy are related to employees' well‐being. This is important because research has both often problematized after‐hour connectivity and suggested that connectivity is an inherent feature of contemporary workplaces that may benefit employees. In this study, we hypothesize that after‐hour connectivity increases autonomy and that the autonomy to work anywhere and anytime leads to working everywhere all the time, thus increasing after‐hour connectivity. We further shed light on whether this behaviour has negative consequences for employees' well‐being or not. The three‐wave survey study (N = 192) demonstrates that after‐hour connectivity may operate as a resource that potentially empowers employees (increases autonomy). The freedom to work anytime, anywhere, does not itself increase after‐hour connectivity. Notably, we demonstrate that connectivity is negatively related to emotional exhaustion, through increased autonomy.
Machine learning concepts applied to oral pathology and oral medicine: A convolutional neural networks' approach
Authors: Araújo Anna Luíza Damaceno , da Silva Viviane Mariano , Kudo Maíra Suzuka , de Souza Eduardo Santos Carlos , Saldivia‐Siracusa Cristina , Giraldo‐Roldán Daniela , Lopes Marcio Ajudarte , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Khurram Syed Ali , Pearson Alexander T. , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , de Carvalho André Carlos Ponce de Leon Ferreira , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger , Moraes Matheus Cardoso 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionArtificial intelligence models and networks can learn and process dense information in a short time, leading to an efficient, objective, and accurate clinical and histopathological analysis, which can be useful to improve treatment modalities and prognostic outcomes. This paper targets oral pathologists, oral medicinists, and head and neck surgeons to provide them with a theoretical and conceptual foundation of artificial intelligence‐based diagnostic approaches, with a special focus on convolutional neural networks, the state‐of‐the‐art in artificial intelligence and deep learning.MethodsThe authors conducted a literature review, and the convolutional neural network's conceptual foundations and functionality were illustrated based on a unique interdisciplinary point of view.ConclusionThe development of artificial intelligence‐based models and computer vision methods for pattern recognition in clinical and histopathological image analysis of head and neck cancer has the potential to aid diagnosis and prognostic prediction.
Evaluation of candidemia in children at a university hospital: A retrospective cohort
Authors: Guner Ozenen Gizem , Sahbudak Bal Zumrut , Avcu Gulhadiye , Ozkaya Yazici Pinar , Karakoyun Miray , Metin Dilek Yesim , Hilmioglu Polat Suleyha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCandidemia is a life‐threatening infection in hospitalied children. This study aimed to evaluate candidemia's demographic and clinical characteristics and identify the risk factors and outcomes of Candida albicans (CA) and non‐albicans Candida (NAC) spp.MethodsA retrospective cohort was designed to evaluate paediatric patients with candidemia between January 2008 and December 2020.ResultsA total of 342 episodes in 311 patients were evaluated. The median age of the patients was 2.1 years (1 month–17 years and 6 months), and 59.6% were male. The prevalence of NAC (67.5%) candidemia was higher than that of CA (32.5%). The most commonly isolated Candida species was Candida parapsilosis (43.3%), followed by C. albicans (32.5%), Candida glabrata (6.1%) and Candida tropicalis (5.0%). The length of hospital stay prior to the positive culture and the total length of hospital stay were longer in the NAC group (p = .003 and p = .006). The neutrophil count was lower in the NAC group (p = .007). In the multivariate analysis, total parenteral nutrition, antifungal prophylaxis and a history of coagulase‐negative staphylococci (CoNS) culture positivity in the past month were risk factors for developing candidemia due to NAC (p values were .003, .003 and .045). C. albicans and C. parapsilosis fluconazole resistance were 9.5% and 46.6%, respectively. The rates of amphotericin B resistance were 1.1% and 7.6% in C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, respectively. Mortality (14‐day and 30‐day) rates did not differ between the groups.ConclusionsA history of CoNS culture positivity in the past month, total parenteral nutrition, and antifungal prophylaxis increases the risk of NAC candidemia.
Pathogenesis, immunology, and immune‐targeted management of the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) or pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS): EAACI Position Paper
Authors: Feleszko Wojciech , Okarska‐Napierała Magdalena , Buddingh Emilie Pauline , Bloomfield Marketa , Sediva Anna , Bautista‐Rodriguez Carles , Brough Helen A. , Eigenmann Philippe A. , Eiwegger Thomas , Eljaszewicz Andrzej , Eyerich Stefanie , Gomez‐Casado Cristina , Fraisse Alain , Janda Jozef , Jiménez‐Saiz Rodrigo , Kallinich Tilmann , Krohn Inge Kortekaas , Mortz Charlotte G. , Riggioni Carmen , Sastre Joaquin , Sokolowska Milena , Strzelczyk Ziemowit , Untersmayr Eva , Tramper‐Stranders Gerdien ,   for the Immunology Section and Working Group Infections of the EAACI
Published: January 2023

AbstractMultisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS‐C) is a rare, but severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). It develops approximately 4 weeks after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and involves hyperinflammation with multisystem injury, commonly progressing to shock. The exact pathomechanism of MIS‐C is not known, but immunological dysregulation leading to cytokine storm plays a central role. In response to the emergence of MIS‐C, the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) established a task force (TF) within the Immunology Section in May 2021. With the use of an online Delphi process, TF formulated clinical statements regarding immunological background of MIS‐C, diagnosis, treatment, follow‐up, and the role of COVID‐19 vaccinations. MIS‐C case definition is broad, and diagnosis is made based on clinical presentation. The immunological mechanism leading to MIS‐C is unclear and depends on activating multiple pathways leading to hyperinflammation. Current management of MIS‐C relies on supportive care in combination with immunosuppressive and/or immunomodulatory agents. The most frequently used agents are systemic steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. Despite good overall short‐term outcome, MIS‐C patients should be followed‐up at regular intervals after discharge, focusing on cardiac disease, organ damage, and inflammatory activity. COVID‐19 vaccination is a safe and effective measure to prevent MIS‐C. In anticipation of further research, we propose a convenient and clinically practical algorithm for managing MIS‐C developed by the Immunology Section of the EAACI.
The reputational dividends of collaborating with a highly reputable agency: The case of interagency collaboration between the U.S. FDA and its domestic partner agencies
Authors: Maor Moshe , Sulitzeanu‐Kenan Raanan , Balmas Meital 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhat reputational dividends in the media, if any, do federal agencies reap from collaboration with a highly reputable agency, such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)? Utilizing a dataset covering 30 U.S. federal agencies over a period of 34 years (1980–2013), we estimate the short and long‐term reputational effects of interagency collaboration. Collaboration is measured by the number of memorandums of understanding in effect between each agency and the FDA, while agency reputation in the media is assessed using an automated measure of media‐coverage valence (positive/negative tone) for each agency‐year. To account for potential reverse and reciprocal causality, we utilize cross‐lagged fixed‐effects models. We find evidence of moderate rises in reputation in the media due to increased collaboration with the FDA. These effects persist significantly for 2 years following the end of the collaboration, before declining to null after 4 years. Employing similar analyses, we furthermore estimate reverse causality—of reputation in the media on the level of consequent collaboration—finding no evidence of such effects.
Successful use of peritoneal dialysis after abdominal surgery in a patient with factor XI deficiency: A case report
Authors: Li Xueying , Chen Ming , Wang Yong , Zhou Xuelei , Wang Min , Zou Lihua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFactor XI (FXI) deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder of unpredictable severity that correlates poorly with FXI coagulation activity and that poses great challenges for perioperative hemostatic management and the dialysis methods potentially available to new end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. We describe an individual with both ESRD and severe FXI deficiency, who successfully underwent peritoneal dialysis (PD) after emergency abdominal surgery. In the traditional concept, recent abdominal surgery is a contraindication to PD, especially for patients with bleeding risk. However, this case report highlights that PD can still be an possible option for patients with FXI deficiency who have just undergone abdominal surgery; laparoscopic PD catheter placement offers a chance to establish PD access in patients traditionally viewed as noncandidates for this method. Careful perioperative management and fresh frozen plasma transfusion ensure successful surgery. This case should be of help to clinicians and patients considering PD in similar situations.
Impact of maize straw biochar and tied‐ridge‐furrow rainwater harvesting on soil erosion and soil quality in a semiarid region
Authors: Mak‐Mensah Erastus , Zhao Wucheng , Zhou Xujiao , Zhang Dengkui , Zhao Xiaole , Wang Qi , Obour Peter Bilson 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn dryland areas, integrating biochar soil amendment with in situ rainwater harvesting systems may decrease soil erosion, improve soil quality, and increase crop productivity and yield. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of maize straw biochar amendment and ridge‐furrow rainwater harvesting systems on run‐off, sediment yield and the physico‐chemical properties of a Calcic Cambisol soil in semiarid areas. The experiment was conducted on alfalfa (Medicago sativa) production land at the Anjiagou Catchment experimental station in Gansu province, China. The experimental layout was a split‐plot design with three replications. Biochar was applied at a rate of 0 and 30 t ha−1, respectively. The tillage treatments were flat planting, open‐ridging, and tied‐ridging (TR). Overall, the integration of maize straw biochar with TR decreased soil bulk density at 0–40 cm depth. Biochar application reduced run‐off by 37.8% and soil loss by 55.5% during alfalfa‐growing seasons compared to the control. In general, biochar addition increased soil total potassium, but the same effect was not observed for soil pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus. These findings demonstrate the potential of integrating maize straw biochar and tillage systems to reduce soil erosion and improve soil quality for rainfed crop production in semiarid areas. Further studies on the effect of biochar‐tillage system interaction are warranted to improve soil conditions for plant growth and increase crop yield in dryland areas.
Evolution of calling songs in the grasshopper subfamily Gomphocerinae (Orthoptera, Acrididae)
Authors: Sevastianov Nikita , Neretina Tatiana , Vedenina Varvara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe evolution of the calling songs in Gomphocerinae was evaluated via estimating a phylogenetic signal of the song characters and an ancestral character state reconstruction. Analyses of the calling songs in 80 palearctic gomphocerine species allowed us to define 24 characters describing the temporal pattern of the sound and the stridulatory leg‐movement pattern. The ancestral song of Gomphocerinae was shown to consist of numerous short echemes lasting on average 0.9 s; each echeme comprised only one syllable produced by movements of only one leg. The next step of the song evolution could be producing longer echemes or longer echeme‐sequence. Later, echeme duration again decreased, but this was accompanied by increasing of echeme or syllable complexity. The characters describing the echeme structure were found to be conservative in their evolution. By contrast, most characters of the syllable temporal structure were shown to be relatively labile and more likely under natural or sexual selection. Our study shows that the song evolution in Gomphocerinae implied not only increasing but also decreasing complexity of the syllable temporal structure.
On strong chains of sets and functions
Authors: Inamdar Tanmay C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractShelah has shown that there are no chains of length ω3increasing modulo finite in . We improve this result to sets. That is, we show that there are no chains of length ω3in increasing modulo finite. This contrasts with results of Koszmider who has shown that there are, consistently, chains of length ω2increasing modulo finite in as well as in . More generally, we study the depth of function spaces quotiented by the ideal where are infinite cardinals.
Myonuclear alterations associated with exercise are independent of age in humans
Authors: Battey E. , Ross J. A. , Hoang A. , Wilson D. G. S. , Han Y. , Levy Y. , Pollock R. D. , Kalakoutis M. , Pugh J. N. , Close G. L. , Ellison‐Hughes G. M. , Lazarus N. R. , Iskratsch T. , Harridge S. D. R. , Ochala J. , Stroud M. J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAge‐related decline in skeletal muscle structure and function can be mitigated by regular exercise. However, the precise mechanisms that govern this are not fully understood. The nucleus plays an active role in translating forces into biochemical signals (mechanotransduction), with the nuclear lamina protein lamin A regulating nuclear shape, nuclear mechanics and ultimately gene expression. Defective lamin A expression causes muscle pathologies and premature ageing syndromes, but the roles of nuclear structure and function in physiological ageing and in exercise adaptations remain obscure. Here, we isolated single muscle fibres and carried out detailed morphological and functional analyses on myonuclei from young and older exercise‐trained individuals. Strikingly, myonuclei from trained individuals were more spherical, less deformable, and contained a thicker nuclear lamina than those from untrained individuals. Complementary to this, exercise resulted in increased levels of lamin A and increased myonuclear stiffness in mice. We conclude that exercise is associated with myonuclear remodelling, independently of age, which may contribute to the preservative effects of exercise on muscle function throughout the lifespan.
imageKey points
The nucleus plays an active role in translating forces into biochemical signals.
Myonuclear aberrations in a group of muscular dystrophies called laminopathies suggest that the shape and mechanical properties of myonuclei are important for maintaining muscle function.
Here, striking differences are presented in myonuclear shape and mechanics associated with exercise, in both young and old humans.
Myonuclei from trained individuals were more spherical, less deformable and contained a thicker nuclear lamina than untrained individuals.
It is concluded that exercise is associated with age‐independent myonuclear remodelling, which may help to maintain muscle function throughout the lifespan.
Self-Debonding of Adhesive Thin Films on Convex Cylindrical Surfaces and Spherical Surfaces
Authors: Ma Xiaojie , Long Hao , Wei Yueguang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The emerging skin-integrated devices have been embedded with various functions, whose ideal implementation typically relies on intact bonding to curved substrates. However, the predeformation, which originates from the attachment of a thin film to a curved substrate, attempts to peel the film (i.e., self-debonding). It calls for strong enough interfacial adhesion in applications. On the other hand, too strong adhesion can destroy the surfaces of devices and substrates when the devices are peeled off after service. Therefore, seeking critical conditions becomes essential. Herein, we study the self-debonding of an adhesive thin film on a convex cylindrical surface. Taking Dugdale’s constant-stress law to describe the interfacial traction–separation relationship, we analytically unveil that the self-debonding behaviors are not solely determined by the interfacial energy. Instead, both the interfacial strength and critical interfacial separation are decisive. We thus obtain a phase diagram consisting of two critical conditions correspondingly. Similar results appear in the finite element analysis with the trapezoidal cohesive law, quantitatively showing the evolution of deflection and interfacial detachment force. Furthermore, we find that the circular film, symmetrically adhering to a spherical surface with small deflection, can still share similar self-debonding behavior. Our results provide guidance on how to stick a thin film on a convex cylindrical or spherical surface well with proper interfacial adhesion.
Independence or Interaction? Understanding the Benefits and Limitations of Nominally Inspired and Interacting Sub-Structured Teams in a Virtual and Interdisciplinary Engineering Design Task
Authors: Gyory Joshua T. , Soria Zurita Nicolás F. , Cagan Jonathan , McComb Christopher 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Teams are common throughout engineering practice and industry when solving complex, interdisciplinary problems. Previous works in engineering problem solving have studied the effectiveness of teams and individuals, showing that in some circumstances, individuals can outperform collaborative teams working on the same task. The current work extends these insights to novel team configurations in virtual, interdisciplinary teams. In these team configurations, the whole meta-team can interact, but the sub-teams within them may or may not. Here, team performance and process are studied within the context of a complex drone design and path-planning problem. Via a collaborative research platform called HyForm, communication and behavioral patterns can be tracked and analyzed throughout problem solving. This work shows that nominally inspired sub-structured teams, where members work independently, outperform interacting sub-structured teams. While problem-solving actions remain consistent, communication patterns significantly differ, with nominally inspired sub-structured teams communicating significantly less. Questionnaires reveal that the manager roles in the nominally inspired sub-structured teams, which are more central in communication and information flow, experience a greater cognitive and workload burden than their counterparts in the interacting sub-structured teams. Moreover, members in the nominally inspired sub-structured teams experience their teams as inferior on various dimensions, including communication and feedback effectiveness, yet their performance is superior. Overall, this work adds to the literature on nominal versus interacting problem-solving teams, extending the finding to larger, interdisciplinary teams.
An Investigation of the Impact of Combustion Chamber Geometry on Turbulent Burning Speeds in a Thermodynamic Model
Authors: Akın Kutlar Osman , Emre Doğan Hüseyin , Demirci Abdurrahman , Arslan Hikmet 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Combustion is the main parameter that affects efficiency and exhaust gas emissions. Recently, different studies have been carried out to increase the combustion rates due to the increasing use of the alternative fuels and lean mixtures in spark ignition engines. In general, in the absence of systems such as an optical access engine or ionization probes, combustion process evaluation is done based on cylinder pressure. In this study, the effect of different combustion chamber geometries on the turbulent burning speeds was investigated experimentally and theoretically. A three-zone, quasi-dimensional thermodynamic model for a spark ignition engine was constructed. Measured cylinder pressure data were used to establish the transition between the zones of the model and determine turbulent burning speeds. Two different turbulent speeds were calculated in the model, these are flame propagation and consumption speeds. It was seen that combustion chamber geometry significantly affected turbulent burning speeds. In MAN-Ricardo shapes and cylindrical shapes, the turbulent burning speeds decreased after it reached a maximum value in the combustion period. In flat geometry, without any bowl, speed continuously decreased different from other two designs. By means of a quasi-dimensional thermodynamic model, mean values of the turbulent burning and the flame propagation speeds can be calculated without having any optical observation.
Numerical Studies of Bubbles in Swirling Channel Flows
Authors: Liu Wen , Lu Jiacai , Tryggvason Gretar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The motion of bubbles in upflow in a vertical rotating closed channel is examined numerically, using a front tracking/finite volume method. The flow is driven upward by a constant pressure gradient. The Reynolds number is low enough so that the flow remains laminar and the Eötvös number is sufficiently low so the bubbles remain nearly spherical. A bubble is placed between the centerline and the walls and for low rotation rate the bubble moves to a wall, due to the lift force and the fluid shear near the walls, but for higher rotation rate the bubble moves to the center of the channel, due to the radial pressure gradient established by the rotation. For intermediate rotation rates, we find bubbles where the lift force and the pressure gradient balance and the bubbles remain between the centerline and the walls. We also examine the collective motion of a few bubbles and show that their dynamics are similar to what is observed for a single bubble.
Automatic Clustering of Metocean Conditions on the Brazilian Coast
Authors: Moreno Felipe M. , Tannuri Eduardo A. , Cozman Fabio G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper introduces a pipeline that assembles a dataset of metocean conditions consisting of wind, wave, and surface currents, and then clusters these data to find the characteristic environmental conditions of each region on the Brazilian coast and the associated Exclusive Economic Zone. Clustering uses the Partitioning Around Medoids algorithm with the silhouette coefficient. As examples, we first present an analysis of the whole Exclusive Economic Zone and then a focused analysis around the Santos port in Southeastern Brazil.