bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface soil per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance mixtures dominated by perfluorooctane sulfonate: prioritization for ecotoxicity testing and ecological risk assessment at current and former U.S. Air Force bases
Authors: East Andrew G , Anderson Richard H , Duncan Candice M , Salice Christopher J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) detection at military installations where current and historical aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) use has occurred drive a need for empirical derivation of environmentally relevant PFAS mixtures to facilitate toxicity testing and risk assessment efforts. We applied a formalized prioritization method to a large dataset of PFAS concentrations in surface soil at AFFF-affected sites on active and former U.S. Air Force installations. Our approach revealed several observations about PFAS at these sites. First, perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) occurred most commonly and often at the highest concentration across the PFAS measured. Second, two to three PFAS contributed 86% to 91%, respectively, of the sum PFAS in any given site-specific mixture. Third, after PFOS, the most common and high concentration PFAS among target analytes were perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonamide (PFOSA), and/or perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), in that order. Site-specific PFAS mixtures are approximately 5% to 12% PFHxS, PFOA, PFOSA, and PFHxA behind approximately 82% PFOS. Another observation relevant to future sampling is the high concentration but inconsistent prevalence of the 6:2 and 8:2 fluorotelomer sulfonates (FTSs). An uncertainty that could also be addressed through future sampling is the detection of less abundant or yet unmeasured PFAS that have unknown or poorly characterized toxicological potency. These results support the continued importance of efforts to understand effects and exposure of PFOS but highlight the need to consider other PFAS such as PFHxS and fluorotelomers in exposure and effect estimations to support ecological risk assessments and ecotoxicological testing of PFAS mixtures.
Microbial changing patterns across lateral and vertical horizons in recently formed permafrost after the outburst of Zonag Lake, Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Li Saifei , Liu Yang , Wang Wenqiang , Liu Yongqin , Ji Mukan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In polar and alpine regions, global warming and landform changes are draining lakes, transforming them into permafrost with altered microbial communities and element cycling. In this study, we investigated bacterial and archaeal (prokaryotic) community changes in the newly exposed sediment of Zonag Lake (Tibetan Plateau), focusing on prokaryotic diversity, community structure, and genes involved in carbon fixation and nitrogen cycling across lateral (up to 800 m) and vertical (up to 80 cm) horizons. The results showed that prokaryotic richness decreased across the lateral horizons, coinciding with reductions in carbon concentrations. Dramatic changes in community structure were also observed, primarily influenced by the distance from the lake and then by sediment depth, with environmental filtering and dispersal limitations shaping the lateral and vertical distributions, respectively. Based on PICRUSt2 results, the relative abundance of genes related to carbon fixation increased along the lateral horizon, suggesting that microbial carbon fixers are counteracting the carbon loss during permafrost formation. In contrast, the genes related to denitrification also increased, which may lead to nitrogen loss and contribute to global warming by releasing nitric oxide gas. This study highlights the resilience of prokaryotic communities in drained lake basins and their ecological implications under global warming.
Oral amoxicillin treatment disrupts the gut microbiome and metabolome without interfering with luminal redox potential in the intestine of Wistar Han rats
Authors: Bermúdez-Sánchez Sandra , Bahl Martin Iain , Hansen Egon Bech , Licht Tine Rask , Laursen Martin Frederik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Oral antibiotic treatment is well known to be one of the main factors affecting gut microbiota composition by altering bacterial diversity. It decreases the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria such as Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae, while increasing abundance of Enterobacteriaceae. The recovery time of commensal bacteria post-antibiotic treatment varies among individuals, and often, complete recovery is not achieved. Recently, gut microbiota disruption has been associated with increased gut oxygen levels and higher redox potential in faecal samples. Given that redox balance is crucial for microbial metabolism and gut health, influencing fermentation processes and maintaining anaerobic conditions, we investigated the impact of oral amoxicillin treatment on the redox potential in the caecum. We used 24 Wistar Han male rats and measured caecal redox potential in situ with a probe, before and after 7 days of amoxicillin treatment, as well as after 7 days of recovery. Additionally, we analysed caecal weight, pH, antioxidant capacity, caecal microbiota, metabolome, and colonic tissue expression of relevant genes involved in the redox potential state. Our findings show that oral amoxicillin treatment significantly reduced archaeal load, and decreased the bacterial alpha diversity and affected bacterial composition of the caecal microbiome. The caecal metabolome was also significantly affected, exemplified by reduced amounts of short chain fatty acids during amoxicillin treatment. While the caecal metabolome fully recovered 7 days post amoxicillin treatment, the microbiome did not fully recover within this time frame. However, amoxicillin did not lead to an increase in luminal redox potential in the cecum during or post amoxicillin treatment. Limited differences were observed for colonic expression of genes involved in intestinal barrier function and generation of reactive oxygen species, except for the catalase gene, which was significantly upregulated post-amoxicillin treatment. Our results suggest that while oral amoxicillin disrupts the gut microbiome and metabolome, it does not directly interfere with gut luminal redox state.
Cardiac Biomarkers, Subclinical Brain Vascular Changes, and Cognitive Decline: Post Hoc Analysis of the SPRINT Trial
Authors: Zhang Wenxin , Ascher Simon B , Dolui Sudipto , Nasrallah Ilya M , Lu Yuan , Neitzel Julia , Toledo Estefania , Glodzik Lidia , Shaltout Hossam A , Hughes Timothy M , Berry Jarett D , Ma Yuan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The association between subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cognitive decline in hypertensive adults and the underlying brain pathologies remain unclear. It is also undetermined whether intensifying blood pressure (BP) treatment slows down cognitive decline associated with subclinical CVD.

Methods
We conducted a post hoc analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial. Subclinical CVD at baseline was identified by elevated levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT≥14 ng/L) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP≥125 pg/mL). Global cognitive function and domain-specific measures (memory, processing speed, language, and executive function) were assessed at baseline and follow-up (years 2, 4, and 6) in 2733 participants. White matter lesions, cerebral blood flow, and brain tissue volume were assessed by MRI at baseline and years 4 in a subset of 639 participants.

Results
Both elevated hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP levels at baseline were associated with accelerated cognitive decline across all domains after adjusting for potential confounding factors. The group with elevated levels of both cardiac biomarkers showed the fastest decline, with a larger annual decline rate of 0.033 (95% CI: 0.024-0.041) in the z-score of global cognitive function compared to the group with normal levels. Elevated levels of both biomarkers were also associated with a faster progression in white matter lesions, but not with changes in total brain tissue volume or cerebral blood flow. Intensive BP treatment did not attenuate these associations compared to standard treatment.

Conclusions
Subclinical CVD may contribute to faster white matter lesion progression and accelerated cognitive decline in patients with hypertension, regardless of intensive BP treatment.
Unveiling GRACE-based Estimation Techniques: Insights from Multichannel Singular Spectrum Analysis of Geocenter Motion
Authors: Yu Hongjuan , Zhang Yong , Sun Yu , Sośnica Krzysztof 
Published: January 2025

Summary
This study aims to provide valuable scientific insights into various estimation techniques of Geocenter Motion (GCM) from the perspective of signal analysis, thereby enhancing GRACE users' understanding and application of GCM. Initially, it utilizes the Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) technique with the network shift approach to estimate over 30 years of weekly GCM time series from 1994 to 2024. Subsequently, we employ two approaches to estimate three types of monthly GCM time series spanning more than 20 years from 2002 to 2023: combining GRACE data with an Ocean Bottom Pressure model (GRACE-OBP approach), the fingerprint approach (FPA), and the fingerprint approach with satellite altimetry data (FPA-SA, up to 2022). The former is referred to as SLR-based GCM estimates, while the latter, which uses GRACE Earth's gravity field models, is termed GRACE-based GCM estimates. Furthermore, this study pioneers the use of Multichannel Singular Spectrum Analysis (MSSA) for GCM analysis, especially focusing on the latest GRACE-based GCM estimates from the GRACE-OBP and FPA/FPA-SA approaches, marking the first comprehensive analysis of GCM estimated by various techniques. The results show that MSSA can effectively extract common signals from the three components of the GCM time series. The seasonal components extracted from GRACE-based GCM estimates using MSSA are consistent with those from SLR-based GCM estimates, although the former exhibit slightly larger amplitudes of the annual and semi-annual signals. After correcting the Atmosphere-Ocean Dealiasing, the amplitudes of the SLR-based estimates correspondingly decrease, remaining slightly larger but becoming closer to those of the GRACE-based estimates. However, a periodic signal with an approximate 160-day period is detectable in all GRACE-based GCM estimates, but it is absent in SLR-based GCM estimates. Further investigation using MSSA into higher degree spherical harmonic (SH) coefficients of the Earth's gravity field models reveals that these SH coefficients contain a 160-day periodic signal. This finding suggests that the signal detected in GRACE-based GCM estimates originates from systematic errors in these SH coefficients, offering new insights for improving the accuracy of GRACE Earth's gravity field solutions. Additionally, GRACE-based GCM estimates show significant secular non-zero trends, noticeably larger than those in SLR-based GCM estimates, which are not expected to exhibit any trends, especially in the Z component. However, the reliance of GRACE-based GCM estimates on geophysical models (e.g. glacier melting, Glacial Isostatic Adjustment, and hydrological models) limits the accuracy of their trends, underscoring the need for further validation. Overall, this study highlights new challenges regarding the accuracy of GRACE-based GCM estimates and emphasizes the necessity for further validation in mass change research.
Suicide literacy, suicide stigma, and help-seeking attitudes among men in a university setting in Ireland
Authors: O’Donnell Shane , Richardson Noel , McGrath Aisling 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study sought to explore the relationship between sociodemographic-, mental health-, knowledge-, attitudinal-, and conformity to masculine norms variables with suicide literacy, suicide stigma, and help-seeking attitudes among men in a university setting (n = 471) in Ireland. Multiple linear regression with backward elimination was used to determine the independent variables associated with suicide literacy, suicide stigma, and help-seeking attitudes. Lower suicide literacy was associated with an ethnic minority background, living in a rural community, postgraduate students compared to undergraduate students, no depression symptoms in the past year, decreasing loneliness, greater suicide stigma, more negative help-seeking attitudes, lower resilience, greater conformity to the masculine norm power over women and lower conformity to the masculine norm emotional control. Greater suicide stigma was associated with a non-ethnic minority background, all departments of study compared to health and sports science, lower suicide literacy, more negative help-seeking attitudes, and greater conformity to the masculine norms of power over women, dominance, and heterosexual self-presentation. More negative help-seeking attitudes were associated with no generalized anxiety disorder symptoms in the past year, depression symptoms in the past year, greater suicide risk, lower suicide literacy, greater suicide stigma, greater resilience, and greater conformity to the masculine norms emotional control, self-reliance, violence, and heterosexual self-presentation. Findings highlight a need for gender-responsive psychoeducational programmes to target suicide literacy, suicide stigma, and/or help-seeking attitudes among men in university settings. They also highlight that such initiatives need to be co-produced alongside ethnic minority and rural-dwelling men to ensure they are culturally sensitive and acceptable.
Predictive Markers of Incident Tuberculosis in Close Contacts in Brazil and India
Authors: Nogueira Betânia M F , Rangel Francys , Andrade Alice M S , Daniel Evangeline Ann , Figueiredo Marina C , Staats Cody , Rolla Valeria C , Kritski Afrânio L , Cordeiro-Santos Marcelo , Gupta Amita , Hanna Luke Elizabeth , Sterling Timothy R , Araújo-Pereira Mariana , Andrade Bruno B 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
There are insufficient predictors of progression to tuberculosis among contacts. A case-control study within RePORT-Brazil matched 20 QuantiFERON-positive progressors and 40 nonprogressors by sex, age, and exposure duration. Twentynine cytokines were measured using a Luminex assay with QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus supernatants collected at baseline and evaluated using machine learning for tuberculosis prediction. The same markers were evaluated in 8 QuantiFERON-positive progressors and 12 nonprogressors from India. Interleukin 8, interleukin 10, and CCL3 levels predicted incident tuberculosis (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.75) in 2 years with sensitivity and specificity &gt;80%, in both cohorts. This signature predicted tuberculosis progression in close contacts meeting World Health Organization goals.
Helminth Infection Induces Innate Immune Priming in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells
Authors: Cham Lamin B , Whitehead Bradley , Werner Marvin , Jensen Frederikke , Zippor Mads , Mogensen Trine H , Netea Mihai G , Williams Andrew R , Nejsum Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Heligmosomoides polygyrus coinfection is reported to have protective antiviral effects against pulmonary viral infections. To investigate a potential underlying mechanism, we infected C57BL/6 mice with H. polygyrus larvae for 2 weeks. Bone marrow (BM)-derived plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) were generated and stimulated with Toll-like receptor agonists. We found increased expression of type 1 interferon genes (Ifnα1, Ifnα4, Ifnβ1, Mx1, Isg15), increased TNF, IL-6, IL-10 secretion, and higher expression of antigen presentation markers in BM-derived-pDCs from infected compared to naive control mice. Our findings may partly explain the mechanism of the antiviral protection previously reported in acute helminth infections.
Development and validation of computable social phenotypes for health-related social needs
Authors: Gregory Megan E , Kasthurirathne Suranga N , Magoc Tanja , McNamee Cassidy , Harle Christopher A , Vest Joshua R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Measurement of health-related social needs (HRSNs) is complex. We sought to develop and validate computable phenotypes (CPs) using structured electronic health record (EHR) data for food insecurity, housing instability, financial insecurity, transportation barriers, and a composite-type measure of these, using human-defined rule-based and machine learning (ML) classifier approaches.

Materials and Methods
We collected HRSN surveys as the reference standard and obtained EHR data from 1550 patients in 3 health systems from 2 states. We followed a Delphi-like approach to develop the human-defined rule-based CP. For the ML classifier approach, we trained supervised ML (XGBoost) models using 78 features. Using surveys as the reference standard, we calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and area under the curve (AUC). We compared AUCs using the Delong test and other performance measures using McNemar's test, and checked for differential performance.

Results
Most patients (63%) reported at least one HRSN on the reference standard survey. Human-defined rule-based CPs exhibited poor performance (AUCs=.52 to .68). ML classifier CPs performed significantly better, but still poor-to-fair (AUCs = .68 to .75). Significant differences for race/ethnicity were found for ML classifier CPs (higher AUCs for White non-Hispanic patients). Important features included number of encounters and Medicaid insurance.

Discussion
Using a supervised ML classifier approach, HRSN CPs approached thresholds of fair performance, but exhibited differential performance by race/ethnicity.

Conclusion
CPs may help to identify patients who may benefit from additional social needs screening. Future work should explore the use of area-level features via geospatial data and natural language processing to improve model performance.
SSB promotes DnaB helicase passage through DnaA complexes at the replication origin oriC for bidirectional replication
Authors: Akama Yusuke , Yoshida Ryusei , Ozaki Shogo , Kawakami Hironori , Katayama Tsutomu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For bidirectional replication in Escherichia coli, higher order complexes are formed at the replication origin oriC by the initiator protein DnaA, which locally unwinds the left edge of oriC to promote the loading of two molecules of DnaB helicases onto the unwound region via dynamic interactions with the helicase-loader DnaC and the oriC-bound DnaA complex. One of the two helicases must translocate rightwards through oriC-bound DnaA complex. Here, we used a synthetic forked oriC DNA, which mimics the unwound state of oriC, to examine DnaB translocation through the oriC-bound DnaA complex. We found that DnaB helicase alone cannot pass through the oriC-bound DnaA complex without the help of single-strand binding protein (SSB). In the presence of SSB, DnaB passed through this complex along with its helicase function, releasing DnaA molecules. In addition, DnaB helicase activity is known to be inhibited by oversupply of DnaC, but this inhibition was relieved by SSB. These results suggest a mechanism that when two DnaB helicases are loaded at oriC, one translocates leftwards to expand the DnaA-unwound region and allows SSB binding to the single-stranded DNA, and such SSB molecules then stimulate translocation of the other helicase rightwards through the oriC-bound DnaA complex.
Spatial histomorphometry reveals that local peripheral nerves modulate but are not required for skeletal adaptation to applied load in mice
Authors: Beeve Alec T , Hassan Mohamed G , Li Anna , Migotsky Nicole , Silva Matthew J , Scheller Erica L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Mechanical loading is required for bone health and results in skeletal adaptation to optimize strength. Local nerve axons, particularly within the periosteum, may respond to load-induced biomechanical and biochemical cues. However, their role in the bone anabolic response remains controversial. We hypothesized that spatial alignment of periosteal nerves with sites of load-induced bone formation would clarify this relationship. To achieve this, we developed RadialQuant, a custom tool for spatial histomorphometry. Tibiae of control and neurectomized (sciatic/femoral nerve cut) pan-neuronal Baf53b-tdTomato reporter mice were loaded for 5-days. Bone formation and periosteal nerve axon density were then quantified simultaneously in non-decalcified sections of the mid-diaphysis using RadialQuant. In control animals, anabolic loading induced maximal periosteal bone formation at the site of peak compression, as has been reported previously. By contrast, loading did not significantly change overall periosteal nerve density. Neurectomy depleted ~90% of all periosteal axons, with near-total depletion on load-responsive surfaces. Neurectomy alone also caused de novo bone formation on the lateral aspect of the mid-diaphysis. However, neurectomy did not inhibit load-induced increases in periosteal bone area, mineralizing surface, or bone formation rate. Rather, neurectomy spatially redistributed load-induced bone formation towards the lateral tibial surface with a reduction in periosteal bone formation at the posterolateral apex (-63%) and enhancement at the lateral surface (+1360%). Altogether, this contributed to comparable load-induced changes in cortical bone area fraction. Our results show that local skeletal innervation modulates but is not required for skeletal adaptation to applied load in our model. This supports the continued use of loading and weight-bearing exercise as an effective strategy to increase bone mass, even in patients with peripheral nerve damage or dysfunction.
Does Inequality Affect the Needs of the Poor?
Authors: Bellet Clément S , Colson-Sihra Eve 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigate how inequality affects what is considered most necessary to purchase. Combining detailed consumption surveys in India with an instrumental variable approach, we first provide evidence that inequality is associated with a decrease in calorie consumption for poor households. This effect is driven by upward comparisons and associated with poor households spending more on luxuries, consistent with the relative deprivation theory. We then estimate a structural demand system to isolate the impact of inequality on needs from supply-side effects. We find that inequality increases the need of the poor for “little luxuries” (e.g., dairy products, energy use) at the expense of necessities (e.g., cereals). This shift in the hierarchy of needs accounts for more than two-thirds of the decline in the calorie consumption of the poor over the period.