bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significance of Dufour and Soret aspects on dynamics of water based ternary hybrid nanofluid flow in a 3D computational domain
Authors: Bilal Sardar , Asjad Muhammad Imran , Haq Shams ul , Almusawa Musawa Yahya , Tag-ElDin ElSayed M. , Ali Farhat 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe prime motive to conduct this communication is to explicate hydrothermal attributes of water by inducing new composition of nanoparticles termed as ternary particles. For this purpose, two differently natured groups one with lesser densities (Carbon nanotubes, Graphene and Aluminium oxide) and with higher densities (Copper oxide, Copper and Silver) are accounted. A 3D permeable surface is considered as a physical configuration of problem by providing dual stretching. Initially, mathematical structuring in dimensional representation expressing the constitutive relations for mass, momentum and energy conservation is manifested. Later on, a set of similar variables are executed to express attained coupled system into ordinary form. Numerical simulations are performed to find solution by employing shooting and RK-4 methods in conjunction. Description about change is displayed through graphical visualization. Subsequently, temperature distribution and heat flux coefficient against sundry variables are also measured and comprehensively discussed in pictorial and tabular format. Wall drag coefficients along (x, y) directions are also computed. It is inferred from the outcomes that velocity, temperature and concentration of base fluid is higher for ternary group 1 containing particles of low densities than for group 2 with more denser particles. It is also deduced that elevation in temperature of fluid is revealed against Soret number whereas contrary aspects is observed in view of concentration distribution. Dufour number has declining impact on temperature profile whereas it upsurges the mass distribution. It is depicted that skin friction in case of group containing particles with less densities are more than other group.
Coupled position and attitude control of a servicer spacecraft in rendezvous with an orbiting target
Authors: Kasiri Ali , Fani Saberi Farhad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRendezvous is one of the fundamental phases of on-orbit servicing (OOS) missions. Since it requires high accuracy and safety, modeling is an indispensable part. Therefore, this article puts forward an approach for boosting the exactitude of the final proximity phase of a servicer spacecraft using precise modeling. Unlike other similar works that solely use linear models to design controllers, this paper employs a fully nonlinear model and considers most possible uncertainties and disturbances. In this regard, first a complete nonlinear relative pose (i.e., concurrent position attitude) motion dynamic is developed, which includes (1) the role of the reaction wheels and (2) the major environmental force and torque model. Second, taking the thruster's adverse torque into account, two sliding mode-based control techniques with different nonlinear sliding surfaces are designed. Moreover, the Lyapunov stability criterion is used to handle high nonlinearity effects, control input saturation, actuator misalignment, external disturbance torque/force, measurement error, uncertainties of both inertia parameters, and control inputs. Even the PWPF modulator of the thrusters has been considered to make the outcomes more realistic. Finally, three different scenarios are comprehensively simulated to illustrate the feasibility and efficiency of the designed scheme. The results prove that the proposed closed-form controller is more executable to implement than other existing approaches.
Cadmium and lead ions adsorption on magnetite, silica, alumina, and cellulosic materials
Authors: Wonorahardjo Surjani , Fajaroh Fauziatul , Joharmawan Ridwan , Nazriati Nazriati , Budiasih Endang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe adsorption of small particles on the surface of an adsorbent depends on interfacial dynamics and associated parameters, including the adsorbate reactivity, adsorbent surface activity, and matrix porosity and tortuosity. Herein, the effect of the surfaces of magnetite, silica/alumina, and silica-cellulose matrix on cadmium adsorption is termed using spectroscopic methods. Atomic absorption spectroscopy was used to determine the adsorption of metal ions in the solid–liquid interfaces by the batch method with different pH, metal concentrations, and contact times. Cadmium (II) were well adsorbed on the magnetite-inorganic surface (around 90% adsorption) rather than other types of semi-organic surfaces, silica, silica-alumina and other cellulosic materials (less than 60% adsorption for Cadmium (II) and 80% of Lead (II) ions). The presence of lead (II) changed the cadmium adsorption behaviour, indicating that adsorption–desorption was a physical interaction on different surfaces. Most absorptions are pH-dependent, stable for Cadmium ions and vary for Lead ions. Moreover, the adsorption analysis using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms showed no significant characteristics of chemical interaction of the ions with the surfaces as indicated by low R2 values (both around 0.5) for magnetite materials higher for cellulose materials of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. This study is beneficial for various fields, such as material science and environmental chemistry, which will play an essential role in the future.
Laser-driven low energy electron beams for single-shot ultra-fast probing of meso-scale materials and warm dense matter
Authors: Falk Katerina , Šmíd Michal , Boháček Karel , Chaulagain Uddhab , Gu Yanjun , Pan Xiayun , Perez-Martin Pablo , Krůs Miroslav , Kozlová Michaela 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLaser wakefield acceleration has proven to be an excellent source of electrons and X-rays suitable for ultra-fast probing of matter. These novel beams have demonstrated unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution allowing for new discoveries in material science and plasma physics. In particular, the study of dynamic processes such as non-thermal melt and lattice changes on femtosecond time-scales have paved a way to completely new scientific horizons. Here, we demonstrate the first single-shot electron radiography measurement using an femtosecond electron source based on the downramp-density gradient laser-wakefield-acceleration with the use of a compact Ti:sapphire laser. A quasi-monoenergetic electron beam with mean energy of 1.9 ± 0.4 MeV and charge 77 ± 47 pC per shot was generated by the laser incident onto a gas target and collimated using a two ring-magnet beam path. High quality electron radiography of solid objects with spatial resolution better than 150 $$\upmu$$
μ
m was demonstrated. Further developments of this scheme have the potential to obtain single-shot ultrafast electron diffraction from dynamic lattices. This scheme poses a great promise for smaller scale university laboratories and facilities for efficient single-shot probing of warm dense matter, medical imaging and the study of dynamic processes in matter with broad application to inertial confinement fusion and meso-scale materials (mg g/cm$$^2$$

2

).
Isolation, characterization, proteome, miRNAome, and the embryotrophic effects of chicken egg yolk nanovesicles (vitellovesicles)
Authors: Saadeldin Islam M. , Tanga Bereket Molla , Bang Seonggyu , Seo Chaerim , Maigoro Abdulkadir Y. , Kang Heejae , Cha Dabin , Yun Sung Ho , Kim Seung Il , Lee Sanghoon , Cho Jongki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEgg yolk constitutes about a third of the structure of the chicken egg however, the molecular structure and physiological effects of egg yolk-derived lipid membranous vesicles are not clearly understood. In this study, for the first record, the egg yolk nanovesicles (vitellovesicles, VVs) were isolated, characterized, and used as a supplement for porcine embryo culture. Yolks of ten freshly oviposited eggs were filtered and ultracentrifuged at 100,000 × g for 3 h to obtain a pellet. Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis of the pellet revealed bilipid membranous vesicles. Protein contents of the pellet were analyzed using tandem mass spectrometry and the miRNA content was also profiled through BGISEQ-500 sequencer. VVs were supplemented with the in vitro culture medium of day-7 hatched parthenogenetic blastocysts. After 2 days of blastocyst culture, the embryonic cell count was increased in VVs supplemented embryos in comparison to the non-supplemented embryos. TUNEL assay showed that apoptotic cells were increased in control groups when compared with the VVs supplemented group. Reduced glutathione was increased by 2.5 folds in the VVs supplemented group while reactive oxygen species were increased by 5.3 folds in control groups. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that VVs significantly increased the expression of lipid metabolism-associated genes (monoglyceride lipase and lipase E), anti-apoptotic gene (BCL2), and superoxide dismutase, while significantly reducing apoptotic gene (BAX). Culturing embryos on Matrigel basement membrane matrix indicated that VVs significantly enhanced embryo attachment and embryonic stem cell outgrowths compared to the non-supplemented group. This considers the first report to characterize the molecular bioactive cargo contents of egg yolk nanovesicles to show their embryotrophic effect on mammalian embryos. This effect might be attributed to the protein and miRNA cargo contents of VVs. VVs can be used for the formulation of in vitro culture medium for mammalian embryos including humans.
Polarity and mixed-mode oscillations may underlie different patterns of cellular migration
Authors: Plazen Lucie , Rahbani Jalal Al , Brown Claire M. , Khadra Anmar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn mesenchymal cell motility, several migration patterns have been observed, including directional, exploratory and stationary. Two key members of the Rho-family of GTPases, Rac and Rho, along with an adaptor protein called paxillin, have been particularly implicated in the formation of such migration patterns and in regulating adhesion dynamics. Together, they form a key regulatory network that involves the mutual inhibition exerted by Rac and Rho on each other and the promotion of Rac activation by phosphorylated paxillin. Although this interaction is sufficient in generating wave-pinning that underscores cellular polarization comprised of cellular front (high active Rac) and back (high active Rho), it remains unclear how they interact collectively to induce other modes of migration detected in Chinese hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cells. We previously developed a six-variable (6V) reaction–diffusion model describing the interactions of these three proteins (in their active/phosphorylated and inactive/unphosphorylated forms) along with other auxiliary proteins, to decipher their role in generating wave-pinning. In this study, we explored, through computational modeling and image analysis, how differences in timescales within this molecular network can potentially produce the migration patterns in CHO-K1 cells and how switching between migration modes could occur. To do so, the 6V model was reduced to an excitable 4V spatiotemporal model possessing three different timescales. The model produced not only wave-pinning in the presence of diffusion, but also mixed-mode oscillations (MMOs) and relaxation oscillations (ROs). Implementing the model using the Cellular Potts Model (CPM) produced outcomes in which protrusions in the cell membrane changed Rac–Rho localization, resulting in membrane oscillations and fast directionality variations similar to those observed experimentally in CHO-K1 cells. The latter was assessed by comparing the migration patterns of experimental with CPM cells using four metrics: instantaneous cell speed, exponent of mean-square displacement ($$\alpha$$
α
-value), directionality ratio and protrusion rate. Variations in migration patterns induced by mutating paxillin’s serine 273 residue were also captured by the model and detected by a machine classifier, revealing that this mutation alters the dynamics of the system from MMOs to ROs or nonoscillatory behaviour through variation in the scaled concentration of an active form of an adhesion protein called p21-Activated Kinase 1 (PAK). These results thus suggest that MMOs and adhesion dynamics are the key mechanisms regulating CHO-K1 cell motility.
Post-truth epistemic beliefs rooted in the Dark Factor of Personality are associated with higher COVID-19 vaccination refusal
Authors: Rudloff Jan Philipp , Hutmacher Fabian , Appel Markus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA substantial number of people refused to get vaccinated against COVID-19, which prompts the question as to why. We focus on the role of individual worldviews about the nature and generation of knowledge (epistemic beliefs). We propose a model that includes epistemic beliefs, their relationship to the Dark Factor of Personality (D), and their mutual effect on the probability of having been vaccinated against COVID-19. Based on a US nationally representative sample (N = 1268), we show that stronger endorsement of post-truth epistemic beliefs was associated with a lower probability of having been vaccinated against COVID-19. D was also linked to a lower probability of having been vaccinated against COVID-19, which can be explained by post-truth epistemic beliefs. Our results indicate that the more individuals deliberately refrain from adhering to the better argument, the less likely they are vaccinated. More generally, post-truth epistemic beliefs pose a challenge for rational communication.
Climate-driven habitat shifts of high-ranked prey species structure Late Upper Paleolithic hunting
Authors: Yaworsky Peter M. , Hussain Shumon T. , Riede Felix 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChanging climates in the past affected both human and faunal population distributions, thereby structuring human diets, demography, and cultural evolution. Yet, separating the effects of climate-driven and human-induced changes in prey species abundances remains challenging, particularly during the Late Upper Paleolithic, a period marked by rapid climate change and marked ecosystem transformation. To disentangle the effects of climate and hunter-gatherer populations on animal prey species during the period, we synthesize disparate paleoclimate records, zooarchaeological data, and archaeological data using ecological methods and theory to test to what extent climate and anthropogenic impacts drove broad changes in human subsistence observed in the Late Upper Paleolithic zooarchaeological records. We find that the observed changes in faunal assemblages during the European Late Upper Paleolithic are consistent with climate-driven animal habitat shifts impacting the natural abundances of high-ranked prey species on the landscape rather than human-induced resource depression. The study has important implications for understanding how past climate change impacted and structured the diet and demography of human populations and can serve as a baseline for considerations of resilience and adaptation in the present.
Investigation of eco-friendly fluorescence quenching probes for assessment of acemetacin using silver nanoparticles and acriflavine reagent
Authors: Ghonim Rana , El-Awady Mohamed I. , Tolba Manar M. , Ibrahim Fawzia A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication acemetacin was assessed via two straightforward green spectrofluorimetric techniques. The quenching-dependent derivatizing spectrofluorimetric reactions are the master point of this study. Acriflavine-based method (Method I) depends on forming an ion association complex between acriflavine and the drug in a ratio of 1:1, decreasing the former's fluorescence intensity. Acriflavine or Ag NP's intensity-related quenching action goes linearly with the acemetacin concentration in the 2.0–20.0 µg/mL and 1.0–16.0 µg/mL ranges, respectively. The second quenching mechanism depends on using the silver nanoparticles (Ag NP's) as a fluorescence probe (Method II); Ag NP's were prepared from reducing silver nitrate using sodium borohydride. Both methods could be applied to determine pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms of acemetacin. The methods proved valid according to the international conference on harmonization (ICH) guidelines. In addition to this, this work has been estimated under green criteria assessment tools. There is no significant difference between the proposed and the comparison methods after the statistical interpretation.
Differential toxicity profile of secreted and processed α-Klotho expression over mineral metabolism and bone microstructure
Authors: Roig-Soriano Joan , Sánchez-de-Diego Cristina , Esandi-Jauregui Jon , Verdés Sergi , Abraham Carmela R. , Bosch Assumpció , Ventura Francesc , Chillón Miguel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aging-protective gene α-Klotho (KL) produces two main transcripts. The full-length mRNA generates a transmembrane protein that after proteolytic ectodomain shedding can be detected in serum as processed Klotho (p-KL), and a shorter transcript which codes for a putatively secreted protein (s-KL). Both isoforms exhibit potent pleiotropic beneficial properties, although previous reports showed negative side effects on mineral homeostasis after increasing p-KL concentration exogenously. Here, we expressed independently both isoforms using gene transfer vectors, to assess s-KL effects on mineral metabolism. While mice treated with p-KL presented altered expression of several kidney ion channels, as well as altered levels of Pi and Ca2+ in blood, s-KL treated mice had levels comparable to Null-treated control mice. Besides, bone gene expression of Fgf23 showed a fourfold increase after p-KL treatment, effects not observed with the s-KL isoform. Similarly, bone microstructure parameters of p-KL-treated mice were significantly worse than in control animals, while this was not observed for s-KL, which showed an unexpected increase in trabecular thickness and cortical mineral density. As a conclusion, s-KL (but not p-KL) is a safe therapeutic strategy to exploit KL anti-aging protective effects, presenting no apparent negative effects over mineral metabolism and bone microstructure.
Genome editing of the vermilion locus generates a visible eye color marker for Oncopeltus fasciatus
Authors: Reding Katie , Lê Minh , Pick Leslie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInsects display a vast array of eye and body colors. Genes encoding products involved in biosynthesis and deposition of pigments are ideal genetic markers, contributing, for example, to the power of Drosophila genetics. Oncopeltusfasciatus is an emerging model for hemimetabolous insects, a member of the piercing-sucking feeding order Hemiptera, that includes pests and disease vectors. To identify candidate visible markers for O.fasciatus, we used parental and nymphal RNAi to identify genes that altered eye or body color while having no deleterious effects on viability. We selected Of-vermilion for CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing, generating three independent loss-of-function mutant lines. These studies mapped Of-vermilion to the X-chromosome, the first assignment of a gene to a chromosome in this species. Of-vermilion homozygotes have bright red, rather than black, eyes and are fully viable and fertile. We used these mutants to verify a role for Of-xdh1, ortholog of Drosophilarosy, in contributing to red pigmentation using RNAi. Rather than wild-type-like red bodies, bugs lacking both vermilion and xdh1 have bright yellow bodies, suggesting that ommochromes and pteridines contribute to O.fasciatus body color. Our studies generated the first gene-based visible marker for O.fasciatus and expanded the genetic toolkit for this model system.
Visualizing genomic characteristics across an RNA-Seq based reference landscape of normal and neoplastic brain
Authors: Arora Sonali , Szulzewsky Frank , Jensen Matt , Nuechterlein Nicholas , Pattwell Siobhan S. , Holland Eric C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn order to better understand the relationship between normal and neoplastic brain, we combined five publicly available large-scale datasets, correcting for batch effects and applying Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) to RNA-Seq data. We assembled a reference Brain-UMAP including 702 adult gliomas, 802 pediatric tumors and 1409 healthy normal brain samples, which can be utilized to investigate the wealth of information obtained from combining several publicly available datasets to study a single organ site. Normal brain regions and tumor types create distinct clusters and because the landscape is generated by RNA-Seq, comparative gene expression profiles and gene ontology patterns are readily evident. To our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that allows for comparison of gene expression and pathways of interest across adult gliomas, pediatric brain tumors, and normal brain regions. We provide access to this resource via the open source, interactive online tool Oncoscape, where the scientific community can readily visualize clinical metadata, gene expression patterns, gene fusions, mutations, and copy number patterns for individual genes and pathway over this reference landscape.
Characterization of human anti-EpCAM antibodies for developing an antibody–drug conjugate
Authors: Satofuka Hiroyuki , Wang Yayan , Yamazaki Kyotaro , Hamamichi Shusei , Fukuhara Takeshi , Rafique Abdur , Osako Nana , Kanazawa Iori , Endo Takeshi , Miyake Naomi , Honma Kazuhisa , Nagashima Yuichi , Hichiwa Genki , Shimoya Kazuto , Abe Satoshi , Moriwaki Takashi , Murakami Yasufumi , Gao Xu , Kugoh Hiroyuki , Oshimura Mitsuo , Ito Yuji , Kazuki Yasuhiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe previously generated fully human antibody-producing TC-mAb mice for obtaining potential therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). In this study, we investigated 377 clones of fully human mAbs against a tumor antigen, epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), to determine their antigen binding properties. We revealed that a wide variety of mAbs against EpCAM can be obtained from TC-mAb mice by the combination of epitope mapping analysis of mAbs to EpCAM and native conformational recognition analysis. Analysis of 72 mAbs reacting with the native form of EpCAM indicated that the EpCL region (amino acids 24–80) is more antigenic than the EpRE region (81–265), consistent with numerous previous studies. To evaluate the potential of mAbs against antibody–drug conjugates, mAbs were directly labeled with DM1, a maytansine derivative, using an affinity peptide-based chemical conjugation (CCAP) method. The cytotoxicity of the conjugates against a human colon cancer cell line could be clearly detected with high-affinity as well as low-affinity mAbs by the CCAP method, suggesting the advantage of this method. Thus, this study demonstrated that TC-mAb mice can provide a wide variety of antibodies and revealed an effective way of identifying candidates for fully human ADC therapeutics.