bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vertebral pattern and morphology is determined during embryonic segmentation
Authors: Serra Kevin M. , Vyzas Christina , Shehreen Sarah , Chipendo Iris , Clifford Katherine M. , Youngstrom Daniel W. , Devoto Stephen H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe segmented nature of the adult vertebral column is based on segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm during early embryogenesis. Disruptions to embryonic segmentation, whether caused by genetic lesions or environmental stress, result in adult vertebral pathologies. However, the mechanisms linking embryonic segmentation and the details of adult vertebral morphology are poorly understood.ResultsWe induced border defects using two approaches in zebrafish: heat stress and misregulation of embryonic segmentation genes tbx6, mesp‐ba, and ripply1. We assayed vertebral length, regularity, and polarity using microscopic and radiological imaging. In population studies, we find a correlation between specific embryonic border defects and specific vertebral defects, and within individual fish, we trace specific adult vertebral defects to specific embryonic border defects.ConclusionsOur data reveal that transient disruptions of embryonic segment border formation led to significant vertebral anomalies that persist through adulthood. The spacing of embryonic borders controls the length of the vertebra. The positions of embryonic borders control the positions of ribs and arches. Embryonic borders underlie fusions and divisions between adjacent spines and ribs. These data suggest that segment borders have a dominant role in vertebral development.
Multi‐organ phenotypes in mice lacking latent TGFβ binding protein 2 (LTBP2)
Authors: Bodmer Nicholas K. , Knutsen Russell H. , Roth Robyn A. , Castile Ryan M. , Brodt Michael D. , Gierasch Carrie M. , Broekelmann Thomas J. , Gibson Mark A. , Haspel Jeffrey A. , Lake Spencer P. , Koenitzer Jeffrey R. , Brody Steven L. , Silva Matthew J. , Mecham Robert P. , Ornitz David M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundLatent TGFβ binding protein‐2 (LTBP2) is a fibrillin 1 binding component of the microfibril. LTBP2 is the only LTBP protein that does not bind any isoforms of TGFβ, although it may interfere with the function of other LTBPs or interact with other signaling pathways.ResultsHere, we investigate mice lacking Ltbp2 (Ltbp2−/−) and identify multiple phenotypes that impact bodyweight and fat mass, and affect bone and skin development. The alterations in skin and bone development are particularly noteworthy since the strength of these tissues is differentially affected by loss of Ltbp2. Interestingly, some tissues that express high levels of Ltbp2, such as the aorta and lung, do not have a developmental or homeostatic phenotype.ConclusionsAnalysis of these mice show that LTBP2 has complex effects on development through direct effects on the extracellular matrix (ECM) or on signaling pathways that are known to regulate the ECM.
Substituting space for time: Bird responses to forest loss in space provide a general picture of responses over time
Authors: Attinello Kayla , Fahrig Lenore , Smith Adam C. , Wilson Scott 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe practice of space‐for‐time substitution assumes that the responses of species or communities to land‐use change over space represents how they will respond to that same change over time. Space‐for‐time substitution is commonly used in both ecology and conservation, but whether the assumption produces reliable insights remains inconclusive. Here, we tested space‐for‐time substitution using data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) and Global Forest Change (GFC) to compare the effects of landscape‐scale forest cover on bird richness and abundance over time and space, for 25 space–time comparisons. Each comparison consisted of a landscape that experienced at least 20% forest loss over 19 years (temporal site) and a set of 15–19 landscapes (spatial sites) that represented the same forest cover gradient over space in 2019 as experienced over time in their corresponding temporal site. Across the 25 comparisons, the observed responses of forest and open‐habitat birds to forest cover over time generally aligned with their responses to forest cover over space, but with comparatively higher variability in the magnitude and direction of effect across the 25 temporal slopes than across the 25 spatial slopes. On average, the mean differences between the spatial and temporal slopes across the 25 space–time comparisons frequently overlapped with zero, suggesting that the spatial slopes are generally informative of the temporal slopes. However, we observed high variability around these mean differences, indicating that a single spatial slope is not strongly predictive of its corresponding temporal slope. We suggest that our results may be explained by annual variability in other relevant environmental factors that combine to produce complex effects on population abundances over time that are not easily captured by snapshots in space. While not being a 1:1 proxy, measuring bird responses to changes in habitat amount in space provides an idea on how birds might be expected to eventually equilibrate to similar changes in habitat amount over time. Further, analyses such as this could be potentially used to screen for cases of regional space–time mismatches where population‐limiting factors other than habitat could be playing a more important role in the population trends observed there.
BEMS architecture and service modules for realizing sophisticated algorithms
Authors: Mega Toshihiro , Murakami Koudai , Kushiro Noriyuki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is a growing interest to introduce energy‐saving algorithms which balance energy efficiency with residents’ comfortability into a building energy management system (BEMS). However, the following issues hinder penetration of the energy‐saving algorithms into markets: difficulties both in embedding the algorithms into the BEMS, and in turning the algorithms suitably to fit varieties of installed equipment in each building. In this paper, A BEMS on micro‐service architecture, and software service modules for the BEMS, were proposed. The micro‐services architecture improves flexibility to introduce newly developed energy‐saving algorithms into the BEMS and software service modules manipulate whole roles (modeling, planning, doing, and action) required for tuning the algorithms on‐line to fit the algorithms to each building. Each software service module was implemented and integrated as elements of BEMS on micro‐service architecture. The BEMS on micro‐service architecture was applied to an actual building for evaluation, and its availability was confirmed through the field test.
Environmental context, parameter sensitivity, and structural sensitivity impact predictions of annual‐plant coexistence
Authors: Cervantes‐Loreto Alba , Pastore Abigail I. , Brown Christopher R. P. , Marraffini Michelle L. , Aldebert Clement , Mayfield Margaret M. , Stouffer Daniel B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPredicting the outcome of interactions between species is central to our current understanding of diversity maintenance. However, we have limited information about the robustness of many model‐based predictions of species coexistence. This limitation is partly because several sources of uncertainty are often ignored when making predictions. Here, we introduce a framework to simultaneously explore how different mathematical models, different environmental contexts, and parameter uncertainty impact the probability of predicting species coexistence. Using a set of pairwise competition experiments on annual plants, we provide direct evidence that subtle differences between models lead to contrasting predictions of both coexistence and competitive exclusion. We also show that the effects of environmental context dependency and parameter uncertainty on predictions of species coexistence are not independent of the model used to describe population dynamics. Our work suggests that predictions of species coexistence and extrapolations thereof may be particularly vulnerable to these underappreciated founts of uncertainty.
Prevalence of anti‐beta‐1 antibody 6 months after hospitalization for acute heart failure predicts adverse outcome
Authors: Morbach Caroline , Beyersdorf Niklas , Moser Nicola , Pelin Dora , Afshar Boshra , Ramos Gustavo , Kerkau Thomas , Kaiser Elisa , Lamers Janna , Pätkau Jannika , Sahiti Floran , Albert Judith , Güder Gülmisal , Ertl Georg , Angermann Christiane E. , Frantz Stefan , Hofmann Ulrich , Jahns Roland , Jahns Valerie , Störk Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsAgonistic antibodies against neurohumoral receptors can induce cardio‐noxious effects by altering the baseline receptor activity. To estimate the prevalence of autoantibodies directed against the beta‐1 receptor (b1‐AAB) in patients admitted to the hospital for acute heart failure (HF) at (i) baseline and (ii) after 6 months of follow‐up (F6) and (iii) after another 12 months of follow‐up (i.e. 18 months after index hospitalization), to estimate their prognostic impact on clinical outcome (death or first hospitalization for HF).Methods and resultsIn 47 patients, b1‐AAB were serially determined in serum samples collected at index hospitalization and at 6 months of follow‐up (F6) with a flow cytometry‐based assay: median age 71 years (quartiles 60, 80), 23 (49%) women, 24 (51%) HF with preserved ejection fraction. Beta1‐AAB were detected in three subjects at index hospitalization (6%), and in eight subjects at F6 (17%). There were no differences apparent between patients with and without b1‐AAB at F6 with regard to age, sex, type, duration, or main cause of HF. During the 12 month period following F6 (i.e. up to month 18), eight events occurred. Event‐free survival was associated with prevalence of b1‐AAB at F6. Compared with patients without b1‐AAB at F6, age‐adjusted Cox regression indicated a higher event risk in patients harbouring b1‐AAB, with a hazard ratio of 8.96 (95% confidence interval 1.81–44.50, P = 0.007).ConclusionsOur results suggest a possible adverse prognostic relevance of b1‐AAB in patients with acute HF, but this observation needs to be confirmed in larger patient collectives.
Sensitive electrochemical biosensor for bisphenol A based on laccase immobilized on polypyrrole‐3‐carboxylic/Sb2O5/reduced graphene oxide hybrid nanomaterial
Authors: Cincotto F. H. , Oliveira Fernandes J. , Travassos A. C. O. , Tiba D. Y. , Medeiros A. M. A. B. , Santelli R. E. , Sánchez A. , Villalonga R. , Pingarón J. M. , Canevari T. C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn electrochemical biosensor for the bisphenol A determination was constructed onto a glassy carbon electrode modified with a hybrid nanostructure based on polypyrrole‐3‐carboxylic acid/Sb2O5/reduced graphene oxide and laccase enzyme. The hybrid nanostructure was characterized by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), HR‐TEM, SEM microscopy, and electrochemical techniques. The biosensor displayed excellent response for bisphenol A determinations by differential pulse voltammetry, showing a theoretical detection limit of 9.9 nmol L−1 in the linear range of 0.1–1.0 μmol L−1. The biosensor demonstrated excellent selectivity in the determinations of bisphenol A in tap water without significant interference from other species, such as 17β‐estradiol, Estriol, Progesterone, Catechol, Hydroquinone, Ascorbic acid, and Dopamine. The biosensor also has presented an excellent performance in bisphenol A determinations in water, with recovery tax ranging from 99.6 to 101 %. Therefore, it can be used satisfactorily to detect bisphenol A in real samples.
Lower bound of structural damage to achieve practical identifiability of nonlinear models in seismic structural health monitoring
Authors: Hernandez Eric M. , Erazo Kalil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the effect of structural damage on the practical/computational identifiability of the parameters that define nonlinear models of building structures subjected to earthquake‐induced base motions. The objective is to determine the level of physical damage expected to successfully estimate the nonlinear parameters of restoring force models. For this purpose, the analyses aim to determine if the parameters that define a hysteretic (Bouc‐Wen type) model can be identified within a predefined level of accuracy from accelerations measured during seismic events that cause minor damage. The identified model is then interrogated to determine if it can provide accurate predictions of the response and damage level experienced during strong ground motions that cause moderate‐to‐severe damage. The damage model adopted is a Park–Ang type model and the unscented Kalman filter is used for parameter estimation. The results are verified using simulated two‐dimensional building models and validated using experimental data from a large‐scale shake table test.
Oil sands in glacial till as a driver of fast flow and instability in the former Laurentide Ice Sheet: Alberta, Canada
Authors: McCerery Rebecca , Woodward John , Winter Kate , Esegbue Onoriode , Jones Martin , McHale Glen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReconstructions of the southwestern Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) from geomorphology have revealed complex cross‐cutting ice streams, indicative of surging and flow switching. This flow pattern and behaviour is distinct from the rest of the ice sheet where ice streams flowed radially to the ice sheet margin. Many ice streams in the southwestern sector originate around the Alberta Oil Sands (AOS). Previous reports have detected oil sands material in surficial and glacial sediments south of the AOS, demonstrating potential glacial mobilisation of the oil sands. In this study, we use geochemical fingerprinting to systematically investigate surficial sediments from the former Central Alberta Ice Stream (CAIS) flow track. We compare the geochemical signatures of 82 sediments from within and outside the CAIS limits with those of the AOS (from mines and natural exposures), using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry oil–oil correlation techniques. Our results provide geochemical evidence of glacial erosion and long‐distance mobilisation of AOS producing contamination signatures in sediments throughout the CAIS flow track. The strength of the AOS signature is particularly strong in sediments along the terminating margins, to the east of Calgary and in the Cooking Lake area to the southeast of Edmonton. These results inform theoretical models of enhanced slipperiness, inspired by slippery liquid infused porous surfaces (SLIPS), whereby oil lubrication of the basal sediment influences the degree of sliding and basal deformation in the ice stream. We hypothesise that naturally occurring hydrocarbons at the basal interface exerted control on the location of the onset zone of the CAIS and surrounding ice streams in Alberta. The enhanced slipperiness caused by oil contamination may also explain ice streaming and surging in other ice sheets, such as the Barents Sea Ice Sheet, where hydrocarbons are known to have been driven to the sedimentary interface during glaciation.
Exploration of nutritional, pharmacological, and the processing trends for valorization of finger millet (Eleusine coracana): A review
Authors: Kalsi Rhythm , Bhasin Jasleen , Goksen Gulden , Kashyap Piyush 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh nutrient variability and food security are the needs of the hour. Millets may be as effective as other cereal crops for dealing with severe malnutrition and increasing global population problems. Due to their physiologically active components, millets have attracted more research interest. Finger millet (FM), one of the climate‐resilient and minor cereal crop species, is well known for several health benefits, primarily attributed to its nutritional value and polyphenolic content. FM seed coat phenolics exhibit excellent anti‐diabetic, anti‐oxidant, antimicrobial, anti‐osteoporosis, wound healing, anti‐lithiatic, inhibiting collagen glycation, cross‐linking, and enzyme properties, which may serve well for the pharmacological purposes. Furthermore, the processing of FM is an important factor in its commercial use. It is necessary to invent some novel technologies to increase the productivity of FM by lowering the cost of processing and its effective utilization in the pharmaceutical and food industries. The literature presented will further explore the potential prospects of processing as well as value‐added utilization and its nutritional and pharmacological aspects in view of initiating further research in the food industry to formulate ready‐to‐eat and ready‐to‐cook products, thereby acting as future crops for sustainability.
Large‐scale network dynamics underlying the first few hundred milliseconds after stimulus presentation: An investigation of visual recognition memory using iEEG
Authors: Kopal Jakub , Hlinka Jaroslav , Despouy Elodie , Valton Luc , Denuelle Marie , Sol Jean‐Christophe , Curot Jonathan , Barbeau Emmanuel J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecognition memory is the ability to recognize previously encountered objects. Even this relatively simple, yet extremely fast, ability requires the coordinated activity of large‐scale brain networks. However, little is known about the sub‐second dynamics of these networks. The majority of current studies into large‐scale network dynamics is primarily based on imaging techniques suffering from either poor temporal or spatial resolution. We investigated the dynamics of large‐scale functional brain networks underlying recognition memory at the millisecond scale. Specifically, we analyzed dynamic effective connectivity from intracranial electroencephalography while epileptic subjects (n = 18) performed a fast visual recognition memory task. Our data‐driven investigation using Granger causality and the analysis of communities with the Louvain algorithm spotlighted a dynamic interplay of two large‐scale networks associated with successful recognition. The first network involved the right visual ventral stream and bilateral frontal regions. It was characterized by early, predominantly bottom‐up information flow peaking at 115 ms. It was followed by the involvement of another network with predominantly top‐down connectivity peaking at 220 ms, mainly in the left anterior hemisphere. The transition between these two networks was associated with changes in network topology, evolving from a more segregated to a more integrated state. These results highlight that distinct large‐scale brain networks involved in visual recognition memory unfold early and quickly, within the first 300 ms after stimulus onset. Our study extends the current understanding of the rapid network changes during rapid cognitive processes.
Microstates of the cortical brain‐heart axis
Authors: Catrambone Vincenzo , Valenza Gaetano 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectroencephalographic (EEG) microstates are brain states with quasi‐stable scalp topography. Whether such states extend to the body level, that is, the peripheral autonomic nerves, remains unknown. We hypothesized that microstates extend at the brain‐heart axis level as a functional state of the central autonomic network. Thus, we combined the EEG and heartbeat dynamics series to estimate the directional information transfer originating in the cortex targeting the sympathovagal and parasympathetic activity oscillations and vice versa for the afferent functional direction. Data were from two groups of participants: 36 healthy volunteers who were subjected to cognitive workload induced by mental arithmetic, and 26 participants who underwent physical stress induced by a cold pressure test. All participants were healthy at the time of the study. Based on statistical testing and goodness‐of‐fit evaluations, we demonstrated the existence of microstates of the functional brain‐heart axis, with emphasis on the cerebral cortex, since the microstates are derived from EEG. Such nervous‐system microstates are spatio‐temporal quasi‐stable states that exclusively refer to the efferent brain‐to‐heart direction. We demonstrated brain‐heart microstates that could be associated with specific experimental conditions as well as brain‐heart microstates that are non‐specific to tasks.
Hydroxamic Acids as PARP‐1 Inhibitors: Molecular Design and Anticancer Activity of Novel Phenanthridinones
Authors: Bondar Denys , Bragina Olga , Lee Ji Young , Semenyuta Ivan , Järving Ivar , Brovarets Volodymyr , Wipf Peter , Bahar Ivet , Karpichev Yevgen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPoly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1) is a promising target for antitumor agents. This study presents the first evidence of hydroxamic acids as efficient PARP inhibitors. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations revealed that N−O substituted phenanthridinones form a complex interplay with PARP‐1. A series of cyclic aryl hydroxamic acids, N‐(benzyloxy)‐ and N‐(hydroxy)phenanthridinones, were prepared through a ligand‐free methodology from N‐(benzyloxy)benzamides using dual C−H/N−H bond activation. Three of the computed hit compounds exhibited significant activity in cell‐based and enzymatic assays, inhibiting PARP‐1 in the low‐nanomolar range. The antiproliferative activity of all prepared compounds and the reference compounds PJ34 and Olaparib was evaluated in cancer cells (HepG2, BxPC3, MDA‐MD‐231, and HeLa) and in noncancer cell lines (NIH 3T3 and HEK 293). An N‐(benzyloxy)‐ and an N‐(hydroxy)phenanthridinone showed the most promising properties as leads for developing therapeutics with a submicromolar activity window. The study highlights the potential utility of this scaffold for PARP inhibitors and the importance of target‐specific design to minimize toxicity and side effects.