bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Palliative Care Consultation in Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment among ICU Patients Receiving Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (VV-ECMO): A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Patarroyo - Aponte Gabriel , Shoar Saeed , Ashley Deptmer M. , Noorbaksh Ali , Patel Dev , Young Alisha Y. , Akkanti Bindu H. , Warner Mark T. , Patarroyo - Aponte Maria M. , Kar Biswajit , Gregoric Igor D. , Ha Caroline , Patel Bela 
Published: April 2023

Background: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has extended the survivability of critically ill patients beyond their unsupported prognosis and has widened the timeframe for making an informed decision about the goal of care. However, an extended time window for survival does not necessarily translate into a better outcome and the sustaining treatment is ultimately withdrawn in many patients. Emerging evidence has implicated the determining role of palliative care consult (PCC) in direction of the care that critically ill patients receive. Objective: To evaluate the impact of PCC in withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WOLST) among critically ill patients, who were placed on venovenous ECMO (VV-ECMO) at the intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: In a retrospective observational study, electronic medical records of 750 patients admitted to the ICU of our hospital between January 1, 2015, and October 31, 2021, were reviewed. Data was collected for patients on VV-ECMO, for whom WOLST was withdrawn during the ICU stay. Clinical characteristics and the underlying reasons for WOLST were compared between those who received PCC (PCC group) and those who did not (non-PCC group). Results: A total of 95 patients were included in our analysis, 63 in the PCC group and 32 in the non-PCC group. The average age of the study population was 48.8 ± 12.6 years, and 64.2% were male. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographics or clinical characteristics at the time of ICU admission. The average duration of ICU stay and VV-ECMO were 14.1 ± 19.9 days and 9.4 ± 16.6 days, respectively. The number of PCC visits was correlated with the length of ICU stay . The average duration of ICU stay (40.3 ± 33.2 days vs 27.8 ± 19.3 days, P = .05) and ECMO treatment (31.9 ± 27 days vs 18.6 ± 16.1 days, P = .01) were significantly longer in patients receiving PCC than those not receiving PCC. However, the frequency of life sustaining measures or the underlying reasons for WOLST did not significantly differ between the two groups (P > .05). Conclusion: Among ICU patients requiring ECMO support, longer duration of ICU stay and treatment with a higher number of life-sustaining measures seemed to be correlated with the number of PCC visits. The underlying reasons for WOLST seem not to be affected by PCC.
Dexmedetomidine Sublingual Film: A New Treatment to Reduce Agitation in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Karlin Danielle M. , Nelson Leigh Anne , Campbell Austin R. 
Published: April 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to review the available literature for dexmedetomidine sublingual film use in the treatment of acute agitation associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders. Data Sources: A literature search of PubMed (January 2017-March 2023) and EMBASE (January 2017-March 2023) was performed using the terms: Igalmi, dexmedetomidine, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and agitation. Additional information sources include ClinicalTrials.gov, scientific posters, and articles identified through review of references from clinical trials publications. Study Selection and Data Extraction: Relevant English-language articles conducted in humans were considered, with a preference for phase 3 clinical trials. Trial analyses and articles discussing pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety were also evaluated. Data Synthesis: Dexmedetomidine sublingual film was evaluated for use in schizophrenia in the SERENITY 1 pivotal trial and for bipolar disorders in the SERENITY 2 pivotal trial. Both studies found treatment of mild to moderate agitation with dexmedetomidine sublingual film 180 and 120 μg to be superior to placebo in reducing the severity of agitation. Treatment effect was seen as early as 20 minutes. Somnolence was the most common adverse effect in both studies. Cardiovascular adverse effects were mild and transient in most cases. Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice: Dexmedetomidine sublingual film is a new and novel treatment for agitation and gives clinicians an alternative to antipsychotic and benzodiazepine use. It has advantageous properties including its noninvasive route of administration, fast absorption, and rapid onset of effect. Cost may limit its use. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine sublingual film provides an alternative approach to treatment of acute agitation in adults with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders based on both mechanism of action and route of administration.
Birth Spacing and Child Maltreatment: Population-Level Estimates for North Carolina
Authors: Rybińska Anna , Bai Yu , Goodman W. Benjamin , Dodge Kenneth A. 
Published: April 2023

We examine population-level associations between birth spacing and child maltreatment using birth records and child welfare records for 1,099,230 second or higher parity children born in North Carolina between 1997 and 2013. Building upon previous research, administrative data linkages were used to address out-of-state migration and family-level heterogeneity in birth spacing and child maltreatment risk factors. Findings provide the strongest evidence to date that very short birth spacing of zero through 6 months from last birth to the index child's conception is a prenatal predictor of child maltreatment (indexed as child welfare involvement) throughout early childhood. Consequently, information about optimal family planning during the postpartum period should become a standard component of universal and targeted child maltreatment prevention programs. However, challenging previous empirical evidence, this study reports inconsistent results for benefits of additional spacing delay beyond 6 months with regard to child maltreatment risk reduction, especially for children of racial and ethnic minorities. These findings call for further inquiry about the mechanisms driving the connections between birth spacing and Child Protective Services assessments.
How to Procrastinate Productively With ADHD: A Study of Smartphone Use, Depression, and Other Academic Variables Among University Students With ADHD Symptoms
Authors: Müller Vanessa , Mellor David , Piko Bettina F. 
Published: April 2023

Objective: The association between chemical dependency and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is widely recognized, but there is less data regarding modern behavioral addictions among young adults. Method: In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 408 Hungarian college students (67.2% female, mean age 23.37 years [ SD = 3.87]) responded to an online survey including the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), the Procrastination Scale, the Short College Boredom Scale, and the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV). Results: Regression analyses showed that passive procrastination (ß = .31, p < .001), depression (ß = .20, p < .001), academic boredom (ß = .18, p < .001), active procrastination (ß = −.12, p < .001), and smartphone addiction (ß = .13, p < .001) were significantly related to ADHD symptoms, accounting for 41% of the variance. Conclusion: Findings provide important additions to knowledge of mental health challenges among young adults with ADHD.
Copeptin Reflect Left Ventricular Systolic Function at Early Stage of Acute Myocardial Infarction in a Pig Model
Authors: Li Wenjia , Sun Wenjian , Lyu Liang , Wang Gang , Yang Weixin , An Hongfei , Chen Liling , Fan Jianhui , Yue Yan , Zhang Rongshun 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Measurement of biomarkers early after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) might provide a cost-effective and widely available tool to assess infarct severity, myocardial dysfunction, and clinical outcomes. We aimed to induce AMI in miniature pigs, measure the levels of serum biomarkers and global LV function dynamically and explore the release kinetics and optimal sampling time points of copeptin and its correlation with global LV function. Methods: We induced AMI in the experimental group using a closed-chest model. Left ventricular (LV) function was detected by dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) and serum copeptin was determined by ELISA. Results: The serum copeptin levels were increased at 1 hour, peaked at 3 hours, gradually decreased after 6 hours, and returned to baseline 3 days after AMI. At 3 to 6 hours, the copeptin cutoff of 16.97 to 17.44 pmol/l had 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity ( P ⩽ .001) for AMI. Serum copeptin levels at 3 hours and 3 days were negatively correlated with the 3-hours LVEF ( P ⩽ .001), respectively. Conclusion: Serum copeptin levels change in time, and measurements at 3 to 6 hours after AMI had the highest predictive value.
The COVID-19 pandemic and the timing of government response: A comparison of four Nordic countries March–June 2020
Authors: Lindström Martin 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The aim is to compare Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Norway regarding government response to the COVID-19 pandemic in mid-March–June 2020 using the Oxford Government Response Tracker. Study design: Descriptive longitudinal ecological study. Methods: Descriptive analysis of time series data. Results: Sweden displayed a far lower response index in March. By late April indexes were similar. In May–June, response indexes were lower in Finland and Norway than in Sweden. The average response index in mid-March–June was similar in Sweden, Finland and Norway. Conclusions: The government response in the four countries indicates that timing of response was essential. Sweden’s slow and weak initial government response in March–April was followed by less loosening of government response in May–June compared with, especially, Finland and Norway, which resulted in similar average government response in mid-March–June for the three countries. As a comparison, COVID-19 mortality per capita was 10 times higher in Sweden than in Finland and Norway, and five times higher than in Denmark during the same period.
Five-Year Outcomes of Endovascular Aortic Repair With the TREO Abdominal Endograft
Authors: Marone Enrico Maria , Marazzi Giulia , Brioschi Chiara , Rinaldi Luigi Federico 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: Newer generation abdominal endografts, including Treo (Terumo Aortic, Sunrise, Florida), have shown optimal safety and effectiveness in treating abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), even with hostile anatomy over the short- and mid-term. The durability of such results, however, is still a controversial issue, due to the paucity of long-term data. Our aim is to show the long-term outcomes of endovascular aortic repair of both standard and hostile AAAs with the Treo endograft on a cohort of patients treated between 2016 and 2017. Methods: We analyzed the postoperative follow-up of 37 consecutive patients who have undergone endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) with the Treo Endograft between 2016 and 2017, whose baseline clinical conditions, operative data, and short-term outcomes had been published in 2018. All patients were followed up by computed tomography angiography (CTA) at 6 and 12 months and 5 years postoperatively. Primary endpoints were aortic-related mortality, type I–III endoleak (EL), and reintervention rate. Secondary endpoints were the rates of type II ELs and aneurysm sac regression. Results: Of 37 patients, 27 had at least one criterion of anatomic hostility and 11 were performed outside the device-specific instructions for use (IFU). In the perioperative period, we observed 100% technical success, with no perioperative mortality. Over a mean follow-up of 5.5 years (66 months), 3 patients (8.1%) were lost to follow-up and 3 (8.1%) died of non-aortic causes (overall survival: 91.9%). One type IA EL of an AAA with a hostile neck (but within the IFU) and a type III EL of an AAA with standard anatomy were observed and treated by endovascular relining (overall reintervention rate: 5.5%). Four type II ELs were associated with aneurysm sac stability over time and are still under surveillance. Mean aneurysm shrinkage was 11.25±8.30 mm. Conclusion: The optimal results of the Treo Endograft in terms of complication and reintervention rates reported over the mid-term by the current literature (ITA-ENDOBOOT registry) are maintained on the long term, both in case of hostile and friendly aortic anatomy, with a satisfactory shrinkage rate of the aneurysm sac. Clinical Impact The innovative characteristics of Treo and its short-term results are well-known and reported. The present case series contributes to the scientific validation of a new-generation abdominal aortic endograft over the long-term, focusing especially on its performance in treating AAAs with hostile anatomy. Its 5-years outcomes confirm the optimal results already reported over the short- and mid-term.
Papanicolaou test collection with the Papette brush or the spatula with cytobrush: A pragmatic study
Authors: O’Laughlin Danielle J , Strelow Brittany A , Fellows Nicole A , Stevens Joy N , Kelsey Elizabeth A , Fink Stephanie R , Peters Sonya M , Johnson Jennifer A , Houghton Jaclyn P , Stolp Anne M , Fischer Karen M , Tweedy Johanna M , DeJesus Ramona S 
Published: April 2023

Background: Cotesting with the Papanicolaou (Pap) and human papillomavirus tests detects most precancerous and cancerous lesions and increases the sensitivity for detecting high-grade precancerous and invasive cervical cancers compared with human papillomavirus testing alone. Objective: To compare the use of the Papette brush (hereafter Papette) to the traditional spatula with endocervical brush (cytobrush) for cervical cancer screening. Design: Pragmatic observational study. Methods: Adult women aged 21–64 years who were eligible for a Papanicolaou test at a Midwest Community Internal Medicine practice underwent cervical cancer screening using the Papette or spatula with cytobrush from 18 August 2021 through 1 February 2022. Cluster sampling was used across the practice. Pathology reports were then analyzed to compare the number of satisfactory versus unsatisfactory results between the two collection techniques. Results: We collected results for 756 Pap tests. The test results were satisfactory with the Papette 93.8% of the time compared with 93.0% for the spatula with cytobrush. Conclusion: The Papette is not inferior to a spatula with cytobrush as a collection method for Pap tests.
Telemedicine in pulmonary rehabilitation – benefits of a telerehabilitation program in post-COVID-19 patients: a controlled quasi-experimental study
Authors: de la Plaza San Frutos Marta , Abuín Porras Vanesa , Blanco Morales María , Arrabé María García , Estrada Barranco Cecilia , Rubio Alonso Margarita 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has challenged healthcare systems worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the results of a Respiratory Telerehabilitation Program implemented to patients post-COVID-19 in postacute phase of mild to critical course of COVID-19 who had persistent respiratory symptoms and had not received any vaccination. The intervention was performed during confinement. Methods: A quasi-experimental nonrandomized study was conducted in Spain during confinement. Respiratory Telerehabilitation Program was guided by a specialized physical therapist through a web platform (Zoom by Zoom Video Communications, San Jose, CA, USA). Participants were recruited through social webs. Outcome measures included respiratory rate, heart rate, percutaneous oxygen saturation, Mahler’s Dyspnea Index, anxiety status, and quality of life [EuroQol 5 Dimension 5 (EQ-5D)]. Results: A total number of 148 participants were recruited, with a final number of 100 participants completing the protocol (50 experimental group (EG)/50 control group (CG)). A total of 500 telerehabilitation sessions were performed for this study. In the EG, pre–post intervention comparative analysis showed significative changes in Mahler’s functional dyspnea ( p < 0.001), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory ( p < 0.001), oxygen saturation ( p < 0.001), heart rate ( p < 0.001), quality-of-life questionnaire ( p < 0.001), and respiratory rate ( p < 0.001). Participants in the CG showed an improvement in all the variables, but the differences were not statistically significant except in Mahler’s functional dyspnea ( p = 0.001) and in the quality-of-life questionnaire ( p = 0.043). Percentage changes in pre–post intervention were calculated and compared between EG and CG. There were statistically significative differences in all the outcomes in favor of the EG. Conclusion: The implementation of a pulmonary telerehabilitation program for COVID-19 not vaccinated survivors in postacute phase with mild to critical course of COVID-19 with respiratory sequelae has proven its benefits in cardiorespiratory variables and dyspnea-related anxiety.
The effect of starch- and sucrose-reduced diet accompanied by nutritional and culinary recommendations on the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome patients with diarrhoea
Authors: Gayoso Lucia , Garcia-Etxebarria Koldo , Arzallus Teresa , Montalvo Isabel , Lizasoain Jacobo , D’Amato Mauro , Etxeberria Usune , Bujanda Luis 
Published: April 2023

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal condition which entails a high burden in the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Nutritional interventions have been proposed to alleviate symptoms, since still no effective treatments exist for IBS. Objectives: Our aim is to analyse the feasibility of the use of starch- and sucrose-reduced diet (SSRD). Design: In this study, we used a SSRD accompanied by nutritional and culinary recommendations to measure the effects in IBS patients with diarrhoea. Methods: In all, 34 participants completed a 4-week nutritional intervention based on SSRD. Symptoms, QoL and dietary habits were assessed by several questionnaires that were completed at the beginning, daily, after 2 weeks, at the end, and after 2 months. Results: 85.29% of the participants reached the primary endpoint [reduction of 50 points or more in IBS-symptom severity scale (SSS)], and 58.82% the secondary endpoint (reduction of 50% or more in IBS-SSS). The relief of symptoms and improvement of the QoL were significant after 2 weeks of intervention, at the end and after 2 months. Dietary habits were consistent with the diet and high adherence was achieved. Conclusions: SSRD and individualized nutritional and culinary guidance improved symptoms and QoL of IBS patients with diarrhoea, with a high adherence.
Field strength difference in extent of artifacts induced by CERTAS Plus valves in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus
Authors: Camerucci Emanuele , Elder Benjamin D , Shu Yunhong , Messina Steven A , Gunter Jeffrey L , Graff-Radford Jonathan , Jones David T , Botha Hugo , Cutsforth-Gregory Jeremy K , Jack Clifford R , Huston John , Cogswell Petrice M 
Published: April 2023

Background and purpose : Post-shunt MRI is usually performed at 1.5T under the general assumption that shunt-related susceptibility artifacts would be greater at higher field strengths. Purpose The purpose is to show that imaging post-shunt idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients at 3T is feasible and with reduced artifacts as compared to 1.5T. Methods We manually measured transverse dimensions of artifact at the levels of lateral ventricles, cerebral aqueduct, and cerebellar hemisphere. Areas/volumes of artifacts were calculated assuming an elliptic/ellipsoid shape. Relative extent of shunt-related artifact between field strengths was rated by 3 readers on a 5-point Likert scale. A Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used to compare artifact at 1.5T vs 3T for each sequence, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. Results Artifact areas were calculated in 22 iNPH patients; artifacts were on average smaller at 3T vs 1.5T on MPRAGE, DWI, and GRE sequences. On T2 FLAIR and T2 FSE, artifacts at 3T were larger than 1.5T. On the qualitative analysis, artifact effects were less at 3T vs 1.5T on DWI, greater at 3T on T2 FSE, and had mixed results on GRE. Conclusion Our results indicate feasibility of post-shunt imaging with the CERTAS Plus valve at 3T based on shunt-related artifact that is less than or equal in extent to that on 1.5T on most standard clinical imaging sequences. Our findings, corroborated by the qualitative image review, suggest that dedicated clinical imaging sequences for devices may allow for reduction in artifact extent at both 1.5T and 3T.
Prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Asfaw Tsegahun 
Published: April 2023

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the available data on rheumatic heart disease in Ethiopia to provide a true figure on the prevalence and distribution of the disease. Methods: Different articles were selected using search terms by different search engines like PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholars, and ScienceDirect and also by obtaining hard copies of locally published articles. The search for original research articles was conducted from December 1 to December 30, 2022. Finally, the priority reporting items of the systematic review and meta-analysis guidelines were used for the literature search strategy, publication selection, data extraction, and reporting of review results. Data quality was checked by the author for similarity of study design and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A total of sixteen original research articles were included. Nine included articles were from different cardiac patients and seven of the included articles were from children and asymptomatic population. All research papers were summarized in the table clearly with the key information and findings. The prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in cardiac patients from nine included studies was 49.04 (−30.84, 128.92) whereas the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in children and asymptomatic participants from seven study included was 2.70 (−1181.99, 1187.39) or 27/1000. Conclusions: This review and meta-analysis found that the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in Ethiopia is very high in cardiac patients, children, and the asymptomatic population. Therefore, well-designed and evidence-based national prevention and treatment strategies must be in place to prevent the disease and provide timely treatment for patients.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with migraine
Authors: Hrytsenko Olena , Kopchak Oksana , Kozyk Marko , Strubchevska Kateryna 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The aim of our work was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantine measures on migraine patients in regards to the activity of the disease, the psycho-emotional background of the patients and their quality of life. Methods: his study included 133 patients with established diagnosis of migraine. All study participants were divided into two clinical groups: A—patients with chronic and episodic forms of migraine, who had a history of positive PCR test for COVID-19, and B—patients with chronic and episodic forms of migraine who did not have a history of coronavirus disease. Results: We detected increase in the number of antimigraine medication ( p = 0.04), frequency of headache attacks ( p = 0.01), and the psycho-emotional state deterioration (increase in the Hamilton anxiety scale score) ( p = 0.002) in patients after recovery from the coronavirus disease. There was no significant difference in the headache’s intensity according to the VAS scale ( p = 0.51) as well as in the dynamics of the Beck depression scale score ( p = 0.09) before and after the COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: Patients with a history of migraine who recovered from COVID-19 showed increased frequency of migraine headache attacks and anxiety.