bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial/ethnic and Socioeconomic Differences in Breast Cancer Surgery Performed and Delayed Surgical Treatment: Mediating impact on Mortality
Authors: Fwelo Pierre , Nwosu Kenechukwu , Adekunle Toluwani , Kunle Afolayan , Ahaiwe Onyekachi , Ojaruega Akpevwe , Nagesh Vignesh , Bangolo Ayrton 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
Although Socioeconomic status (SES), race/ethnicity, and surgical type/delays are associated with breast cancer mortality outcomes, studies on these associations have been contrasting. This study examined the racial/ethnic and SES differences in surgical treatment types and delays. Also, we quantified the extent to which these differences explained the racial/ethnic disparities in breast cancer mortality.
Methods
We studied 290,066 women 40 + years old diagnosed with breast cancer between 2010 and 2017 identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. We performed logistic regression models to examine the association of SES and race/ethnicity with surgical treatment type and delays. We performed mediation analysis models to quantify the extent to which mortality differences were mediated by treatment, sociodemographic, and clinicopathologic factors.
Results
Non-Hispanic (NH) Black [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.13–1.19] and Hispanic women [OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.24–1.31] were significantly more likely to undergo mastectomy compared to NH White women. Similarly, NH Black and Hispanic women had higher odds of delayed surgical treatment than NH Whites. Patients in the highest SES quintile, compared to those in lowest the lowest, were less likely to experience breast cancer-specific mortality (BCSM). Variations in treatment, SES, and clinicopathological factors significantly explained 70% of the excess BCSM among NH Blacks compared to their NH White counterparts.
Conclusions
Bridging the gap of access to adequate healthcare services for all to diminish the disproportionate burden of breast cancer would require a multifactorial approach that addresses several biological and social factors that cause these differences.
Informed interpretation of metagenomic data by StrainPhlAn enables strain retention analyses of the upper airway microbiome
Authors: Mostacci Nadja , Wüthrich Tsering Monika , Siegwald Léa , Kieser Silas , Steinberg Ruth , Sakwinska Olga , Latzin Philipp , Korten Insa , Hilty Markus 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Shotgun metagenomic sequencing has the potential to provide bacterial strain-level resolution which is of key importance to tackle a host of clinical questions. While bioinformatics tools that achieve strain-level resolution are available, thorough benchmarking is needed to validate their use for less investigated and low biomass microbiomes like those from the upper respiratory tract.
Methods: We analyzed a previously published dataset of longitudinally collected nasopharyngeal samples from Bangladeshi infants (Microbiota & Health study) and a novel dataset of oropharyngeal samples from Swiss children with cystic fibrosis. Data from bacterial cultures were used for benchmarking the parameters of StrainPhlAn 3, a bioinformatic tool designed for strain-level resolution. In addition, StrainPhlAn 3 results were compared to metagenomic assemblies and whole-genome sequencing data of S. aureus strains. Finally, strain retention analyses were performed.
Results: After optimizing the analytical parameters, we compared our results to culture gold standard methods and achieved sensitivity values of 87% (S. pneumoniae), 80% (M. catarrhalis), 75% (H. influenzae) and 57% (S. aureus) for 420 nasopharyngeal and 75% (H. influenzae) and 46% (S. aureus) for 260 oropharyngeal samples. Comparing the phylogenetic tree of the core genome of 50 S. aureus isolates with a corresponding marker gene tree generated by StrainPhlAn 3 revealed a striking similarity in tree topology for all but three samples indicating adequate strain resolution. Quantitative analyses of longitudinally collected samples revealed clear signatures of strain retention for the four analyzed species.
Conclusions: Comparison of StrainPhlAn 3 results to data from bacterial cultures revealed that strain-level tracking of the respiratory microbiome is feasible despite high content of host DNA when parameters are carefully optimized to fit low biomass microbiomes. This allowed to perform strain retention analyses applied to relevant pathobionts which will help to better understand the longitudinal dynamics of the upper respiratory microbiome during health and disease.
Histological confinement of transglutaminase-mediated nit sheath crosslinking is essential for proper oviposition and egg coating in the human head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis
Authors: Kim Ju Hyeon , Lee Do Eun , Park SangYoun , Clark John M. , Lee Si Hyeock 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Head louse females secrete liquid gel, which is mainly composed of the louse nit sheath protein 1 (LNSP1) and LNSP2, when they lay eggs. The gel is crosslinked by transglutaminase (TG) to form the nit sheath, which covers most part of egg except the top operculum area where breathing holes are located. Knowledge on the selective mechanism of nit sheath solidification to avoid uncontrolled crosslinking could lead to design a novel way of louse control, but no information is available yet.
Methods
To elucidate the crosslinking mechanisms of nit sheath gel inside the reproductive system of head louse females, in situ hybridization in conjunction with microscopic observation of the oviposition process was conducted.
Results
Histochemical analysis revealed that LNSP1 and LNSP2 are expressed over the entire area of accessory gland and uterus, whereas TG expression site is confined to a highly localized area around the opening of posterior oviduct. Detailed microscopic observations of oviposition process uncovered that a mature egg is positioned in the uterus after ovulation. Once aligned inside the uterus, the mature egg is redirected so that its operculum side tightly held by the ventral end of uterus being positioned toward the head again and its pointed bottom end being positioned toward the dorsal end of uterus, which functions as a reservoir for the nit sheath gel.
Conclusions
Physical separation of the TG-mediated crosslinking site from the ventral end of uterus is necessary to avoid uncontrolled crosslinking inside the uterus and to ensure selective crosslinking over only the lower part of egg without any unwanted crosslinking over the operculum during oviposition.
Darijabert: a Step Forward in Nlp for the Written Moroccan Dialect
Authors: Gaanoun Kamel , Naira Abdou Mohamed , Allak Anass , Benelallam Imade 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The performance of existing transformer-based language models in providing state-of-the-art results on many downstream tasks is well established. However, these models tend to be limited to high-resource languages or are multilingual in nature. The availability of models dedicated to Arabic dialects is limited, and even those that exist primarily support dialects written in Arabic script. This study presents the first BERT models for Moroccan Arabic dialect, also known as Darija, called DarijaBERT, DarijaBERT-arabizi, and DarijaBERT-mix. These models are trained on the largest Arabic monodialectal corpus, supporting both Arabic and Latin character representations of the Moroccan dialect. The models' performance is evaluated and compared to existing multidialectal and multilingual models on four distinct downstream tasks, demonstrating state-of-the-art results. The data collection methodology and pre-training process are described, and the Moroccan Topic Classification Dataset (MTCD) is introduced as the first dataset for topic classification in the Moroccan Arabic dialect. The pre-trained models and MTCD dataset are available to the scientific community.
The impact of disease time, cervical alignment and range of motion on cervical vertebral HU value in surgery patients with cervical spondylosis
Authors: wang zhiqiang , Zhong Zaowei , Feng Haoyu , Mei Jun , Feng Xiaoning , Wang Beiyang , Sun Lin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Study Design: This study was a retrospective review.
Objective: Bone mineral density (BMD) at the surgical site is associated with complications of surgical internal fixation, it is very important to study the cervical BMD of patients with cervical spondylosis who need surgery and the related factors that affect cervical BMD. It is still unclear whether the age-related influence of disease time, cervical alignment, and ROM on cervical vertebral Hounsfield unit (HU) value.
Methods： This retrospective study was conducted on patients who underwent cervical surgery at one institution between January 2014 and December 2021. For age, sex, body mass index (BMI), disease type, comorbidities, neck pain, disease time, C2-7 cobb angle (CA), cervical range of motion and the C2-C7 vertebral HU value were recorded. The association between cervical HU value and each parameter of interest was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Multivariable linear regression analysis was performed to examine the relative influence of the multiple factors on cervical vertebral HU value.
Results： Among patients younger than 50 years old, the HU value of the cervical vertebral in females was higher than that in males, but after the age of 50 years old, the female was lower than that in males and decreased significantly after 60 years old. In addition, cervical HU value was significantly correlated with the disease time, flexion CA and ROM. Our age-related subgroup of multivariate linear regression analyses that disease time and flexion CA negative affected C6-7 HU value in more than 60 years old males and in more than 50 years old females.
Conclusions： Disease time and flexion CA were negative affecting the C6-7 HU values in more than 60 years old males and in more than 50 years old females. more attention should be paid to bone quality in cervical spondylosis patients with longer disease time and larger convex of flexion CA.
On Robot Grasp Learning Using Equivariant Models
Authors: Zhu Xupeng , Wang Dian , Su Guanang , Biza Ondrej , Walters Robin , Platt Robert 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Real-world grasp detection is challenging due to the stochasticity in grasp dynamics and the noise in hardware. The desideratum is to adapt real world through end-to-end learning in the real world. However, in this case, end-to-end learning relies on a large amount of expensive robot data samples. In this paper, we investigate the planar grasp function is $\SE(2)$-equivariant and encodes such induced bias using an equivariant convolutional neural network. This induced bias significantly improves sample efficiency of grasp learning and enables end-to-end training from scratch on a physical robot with only $600$ grasp attempts. We term our method Sample Efficient Grasp learning as SEG. On robot grasp learning experiments show after only 1.5 hours, SEG could learn a good grasp function on either depth modality for opaque or RGB modality for transparent object grasping.
Acoustic Prison for Single Live Cell 3D Multi-imaging Enabled by Light-sheet Microscopy
Authors: Richard Cynthia , Vargas-Ordaz Erick J. , Cadarso Victor J. , Neild Adrian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Having a system capable of obtaining high resolution, quantitative, subcellular information of indi- vidual live cells through imaging, while minimizing cell damage, is of great important in many fields of research. In recent years, optofluidic light-sheet fluorescent microscopy (LSFM) has emerged as a powerful tool providing a low photo-toxic imaging method utilising the fluidic environment offered by microfluidics. Here, the benefits of LSFM were integrated with an acoustic single cell prison for precise single cell handling and 3D multi-imaging in a semi-automated manner. The compact, monolithic, acousto-optofluidic platform employed standing surface acoustic waves (SSAWs) to sequentially trap an individual cell on either side of an imaging region, which gathered planar, cross-sectional images of the cell. Through post-image processing, 3D volumetric images of the cell were reconstructed and the results between the first and second rounds of imaging were directly comparable. Furthermore, the acoustic prison advantageously positions the cells in the upper region of the channel, enabling the ability to accurately compare temporal changes in cell morphology; a capability that can lead to advancements in therapeutics and drug delivery to access responses of cells to stimuli over time.
A A212T Substitution in Hemagglutinin Impacts on the Rescue of Influenza A(H1N1)/B Chimeric Live-Attenuated Vaccine Candidate
Authors: ZHAO Menglin , SUN Weiyang , LI Dongxu , LIU Xiawei , SUN Yue , ZHU Menghan , WANG Tiecheng , XIA Xianzhu , GAO Yuwei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The influenza virus, a viral respiratory pathogen, causes major morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this study, we compared and analyzed the effectiveness of the rescued two chimeric H1N1 vaccine strains rA/B-California/04/2009 and rA/B-California/07/2009, respectively, which expressed the hemagglutinin of A/California/07/2009 or A/California/04/2009 based on an influenza B virus master donor. The rA/B-California/07/2009 strain was rescued successfully. However, the rA/B-California/04/2009, which expressed the HA of A/California/07/2009 could hardly be generated. In substitution for alanine at residue 212 in the chimeric HA protein of rA/B-California/04/2009 virus, threonine was identified as a deleterious change. The free Gibbs energy change of mutating residue 212 reflected that threonine in site 212 caused a reduction in the stability of rA/B-California HAs. Additionally, with the analysis of binding free energy data and RMSD values of receptor analogs and two chimeric HAs, substitution 212T also conferred decreased receptor-binding avidity. These results suggested that the substitution A212T may enhance the stability and binding affinity of the chimeric H1N1 vaccine strains. This finding may help to design a live-attenuated influenza vaccine with more efficacy.
Posterior ankle arthroscopic microfracture with platelet-rich plasma injection for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus
Authors: Chen Cheng , Mei Guohua , Su Yan , Xue Jianfeng , Zou Jian , Gu Wenqi , Song Guoxun , Shi Zhongmin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the efficacy of posterior ankle arthroscopic microfracture with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection for the treatment of posterior osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT).
Methods
A retrospective case series study was conducted on clinical data of 13 patients with posterior OLT admitted to Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University from September 2019 to October 2020. There were 10 males and 3 females, aged 10–65 years [(38.2 ± 15.9) years]. According to Hepple′s classification, four patients were with type II, three with type IV, and six with type V. According to Elias′ grid scheme, nine patients were in zone 7 and four patients in zone 9. The disease duration was 13–51 months [(26.2 ± 11.4) months]. All patients underwent posterior ankle arthroscopic microfracture with PRP injection. The operation time was recorded. The visual analogue scale (VAS), American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, and ankle range of motion (ROM) were compared before operation and at 3 months and 1 year after operation. The magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score was used to evaluate the repair of cartilage injury at 1 year after operation. Complications were recorded.
Results
All patients were followed up for 12–25 months [(15.7 ± 3.7) months]. The operation time ranged from 50 to 90 minutes [(63.8 ± 13.3) minutes]. The VAS improved from 3.0(3.0, 4.0)points before operation to 1.0(0, 2.0)points at 3 months after operation and 1.0(0,1.5)points at 1 year after operation; the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was improved from (66.1 ± 11.8)points before operation to (84.8 ± 9.5)points at 3 months after operation and (92.9 ± 8.6)points at 1 year after operation; the ankle ROM was improved from (48.5 ± 7.5)° before operation to (61.9 ± 10.3)° at 3 months after operation and (65.4 ± 11.8)° at 1 year after operation (all P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS at 3 months and 1 year after operation (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score and ankle ROM at 3 months and 1 year after operation (all P < 0.05). According to AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score, the results were excellent in 11 patients, good in one, and fair in one, with the excellent and good rate of 92%. The MOCART score was 40–85 points [(70.4 ± 14.2) points] at 1 year after operation. There was no postoperative necrosis, infection or neurovascular injury. Two patients had slight transient pain during rehabilitation training and were improved after non-surgical treatment.
Conclusion
For posterior OLT, posterior ankle arthroscopic microfracture with PRP injection can effectively alleviate pain, improve ankle function and repair cartilage damage, with satisfactory short-term efficacy.
Posterior ankle arthroscopic microfracture with platelet-rich plasma injection for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus
Authors: Chen Cheng , Mei Guohua , Su Yan , Xue Jianfeng , Zou Jian , Gu Wenqi , Song Guoxun , Shi Zhongmin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the efficacy of posterior ankle arthroscopic microfracture with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection for the treatment of posterior osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT).
Methods
A retrospective case series study was conducted on clinical data of 13 patients with posterior OLT admitted to Shanghai Sixth People′s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University from September 2019 to October 2020. There were 10 males and 3 females, aged 10-65 years [(38.2±15.9) years]. According to Hepple′s classification, four patients were with type II, three with type IV, and six with type V. According to Elias′ grid scheme, nine patients were in zone 7 and four patients in zone 9. The disease duration was 13-51 months [(26.2±11.4) months]. All patients underwent posterior ankle arthroscopic microfracture with PRP injection. The operation time was recorded. The visual analogue scale (VAS), American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score, and ankle range of motion (ROM) were compared before operation and at 3 months and 1 year after operation. The magnetic resonance observation of cartilage repair tissue (MOCART) score was used to evaluate the repair of cartilage injury at 1 year after operation. Complications were recorded.
Results
All patients were followed up for 12-25 months [(15.7±3.7) months]. The operation time ranged from 50 to 90 minutes [(63.8±13.3) minutes]. The VAS improved from 3.0(3.0, 4.0)points before operation to 1.0(0, 2.0)points at 3 months after operation and 1.0(0,1.5)points at 1 year after operation; the AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was improved from (66.1±11.8)points before operation to (84.8±9.5)points at 3 months after operation and (92.9±8.6)points at 1 year after operation; the ankle ROM was improved from (48.5±7.5)° before operation to (61.9±10.3)° at 3 months after operation and (65.4±11.8)° at 1 year after operation (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS at 3 months and 1 year after operation (P>0.05). There were significant differences in AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score and ankle ROM at 3 months and 1 year after operation (all P<0.05). According to AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score, the results were excellent in 11 patients, good in one, and fair in one, with the excellent and good rate of 92%. The MOCART score was 40-85 points [(70.4±14.2) points] at 1 year after operation. There was no postoperative necrosis, infection or neurovascular injury. Two patients had slight transient pain during rehabilitation training and were improved after non-surgical treatment.
Conclusion
For posterior OLT, posterior ankle arthroscopic microfracture with PRP injection can effectively alleviate pain, improve ankle function and repair cartilage damage, with satisfactory short-term efficacy.
Zinc deficiency alters metabolism-related organ crosstalk via changing insulin levels
Authors: Nakamura Anna , Kido Takamasa , Seki Yoshiko , Suka Machi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Zinc is one of the essential trace elements that plays an important role in the biological processes in human beings. Zinc deficiency, therefore, is known to cause several biofunctional disorders. Zinc plays an important role in stabilizing the pancreatic insulin secretion. Insulin not only exerts a hypoglycemic effect, but also regulates glucose and lipid metabolisms in insulin-target organs. It, thus, regulates various metabolic diseases, as well. Zinc levels, in vivo, are reportedly related to metabolic diseases, for instance, zinc levels have been reported to regulate glucose and lipid parameters. However, no study, thus far, has explained the relationship of zinc with glucose and lipids on the basis of the concentration of insulin. In this study, a zinc-deficient rat model was developed to analyze how insulin levels, insulin-regulated glucose and lipid metabolisms, and their crosstalk are regulated. The findings from this study will help to clarify the role of zinc in insulin-regulated metabolic diseases.
WITHDRAWN: How leaders influence the turnover
Authors: Fiescho Thomas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

This study is reflective of the cutting edge of knowledge in the expanding subject of leadership. In this study, we compare the effects of two different types of leadership—Responsible Leadership and Servant Leadership—on employees' propensity to leave their current positions. This report aims to investigate the connection between leadership styles and future turnover plans. Data from seven pharmaceutical firms in Himachal Pradesh, India, representing a total of 121 employees, were collected to complete this analysis. In terms of statistics, we employed an ANOVA and a descriptive method. The results of the study imply that there is a strong connection between responsible and servant leadership and employee aspirations to leave their current position. As a result, it is clear that servant leadership and its associated culture have a considerable and negative impact on employees' willingness to leave their current position.