bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
決策訊息流與秦帝國衰亡的關係
Authors: 馮 樹勳 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
秦國的衰落和它對決策訊息流的處理，有莫大的關係。政策形成到落實過程中，訊息流動的方向如下：資料搜集-->訊資分析與制訂政策-->推行政策-->監察與回饋。秦統一前後的資料收集渠道的共同點：國内人民無表達自由，但秦國長期輸入人才，由游士以及外交使節帶來了大量可供使用的材料，有助秦廷作出理性的決策；秦國的基建、傳書律法完密，硬件良好。
理性決策意指：決策層以合理程序，篩選資料變成資訊，作專業判斷，建立可行方案或反對意見，並挑選出最合適的來制訂政策。秦廷理性決策能力衰落的原因：君主能力、王子教育、“用賢”的本心、知識分子的保障等。秦朝已建立起嚴密的公文查核制度和驛站制度，以加强監察。但“徒法不足以自行”，非理性的決策，破壞現有體制，地方大吏只有“持禄取容”，促成秦帝國的土崩瓦解。The relationship between the fall of Qin Dynasty and the flow of decisional messages are closely connected. The flow of the decisional messages can be summarized as follows: collection of data-->analysis of data and enactment of policy-->implementation of policy-->monitoring and feedback. Though freedom of speech was forbidden within the boundary, the common channel for collecting information in the pre-Qin and the Qin Dynasty was through imports of talents and professionals who brought with them valuable information for diplomatic use and for making rational decision. The well-developed infrastructure and the sophisticated legal system both contributed to the rise of the Qin Empire.
Rational decision, at the decision-making level, includes implementation of rational procedures, screening of information, application of professional judgment, and finally selection of the feasible and appropriate policy. The fall of the rational decision during the Qin Dynasty relied on the emperor’s competency, education of the princes, selection of talents, and the security of the intellectuals. The irrational decision making process has devastated the Qin Dynasty despite the fact that the empire was enjoying a sophisticated censorship and monitoring system.
《清初詩壇：卓爾堪與〈遺民詩〉研究》
Authors: 陳 漢文 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
近年來，海内外學人皆着力於遺民文學的研究。研究以詩人群體爲主，詩社爲副。例如謝正光《明遺民傳記索引》（上海古籍，1990年）、《明遺民録彙輯》（南京大學出版社，1995年）、方勇 《南宋遺民詩人群體研究》（北京人民，2000年）、王次澄《宋元逸民詩論叢》（臺北大安出版社，2001年）、李瑄《清初五十年間明遺民群體之嬗變》（載《漢學研究》23. 1, 2005，頁291—324）等等，創獲不少。詩社方面，以宋末元初的遺民文學爲討論焦點，計有Terutoshi Yokota（横田輝俊）“Getsusen ginsha nitsuite 月泉吟社について”（Hiroshima diagaku bungakebu kiyo 廣島大學文學部紀要14, 1958，頁99—125）、王次澄“The Moon Spring Chanting Society and its Poetry”（Chinese Studies 14. 1, 1996, 頁213—248），分别從詩歌結集的角度析論選詩標準、評騭方法，爲遺民文學與選集的研究立下基礎。潘承玉博士的新著《清初詩壇：卓爾堪與〈遺民詩〉研究》選取了清初卓爾堪編纂的《遺民詩》爲討論起點，可謂一新耳目，不論就選題或時段而言，都是值得留意的論著。(撮要取自內文首段)
三論穆弘
Authors: 馬 幼垣 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
《水滸傳》中的沒遮攔穆弘是個無事可述的人物。論析起來，除了指出其雖家有善父，且頗具家財，卻在鄉里為非作歹，稱王稱霸，強治安人員充爪牙，視魚肉鄉民和過往旅客為快事外，充其量僅能再點明此人的種種惡行既非逼於形勢，更非出於飢寒交加，而是源自其只知有己，不知有人的性格，和罔視法紀的態度。這些討論，因為無法談細節，也只能約略講講。此外，就不易找到別的話題。(撮要取自內文首段)There are characters among the 108 heros in the Novel “Water Margin” who are ranked very high in the hierarchy but plays merely a very minor role in the story. In short, their deeds and importance in the storyline do not justify the high ranking. The author of the paper using Mu Hong as an example (Mu ranks 23 in the hierarchy, whose importance in the story is considerably less than those ranked below him in the Tien Gang section) argued that the current version of “Water Margin” must have an urtext . The ranking is according to the story in the urtext. Episodes are deleted from the urtext and others are added in the current version, without rearranging the final ranking to fit the changed storyline. (Abstract taken from first paragraph of document.)
中國講唱源流小説的藝術特色
Authors: 曾 錦漳 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
通常把中國古典小説分為“文言小説”和“白話小説”兩類。這兩個稱謂的確方便應用，卻總嫌不夠學術性。譬如《三國演義》，其語言是以淺近的文言為主，間雜白話而已，怎麼可以稱為“白話小説”呢？稱為“文言小説”吧，在ー大堆志怪、傳奇面前，難免有“非我族類”之譏。又如〈杜十娘怒沈百寶箱〉， 文言白話混雜，也不知該稱為“文言小説”好還是“白話小説”好！何況，這兩個名稱使人過份集中注意語言上的區別了，其實這兩類小説各有不同的起源，不同的發展，體裁上也顯然有別，實是兩個不同源流的作品。(撮要取自內文首段)The origin of Chinese vernacular fiction can be traced to the “sing and narrate” stories popular in the monasteries in the T’ang Dynasty. That the stories were partly narrated and partly sung influenced later Chinese fiction writings, especially the “chaptered fiction”（章回小説）, from Bien-wen（變文）down to Ching Dynasty. Every aspect in the “chaptered fiction”, be it style, language, narrative, technique, plot or character building, bears the impact of this narrate and sing tradition. The paper is a detail study of this influence. (Abstract taken from first paragraph of document.)
趙吉惠：《中國傳統文化導論》
Authors: 黃 嫣梨 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
對中國傳統思想文化研究達三十年的陝西師範大學教授趙吉惠先生，最近出版了他的新著《中國傳統文化導論》。(撮要取自內文首段)
詹冠羣：《黃乃裳傳》
Authors: 李 金強 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
生於福建閩清縣之黃乃裳(1849-1924)，為清季福建著名之基督徒，教育家，新聞工作者，地方士紳，以及諮議局議員。黃氏早年歸信基督，加入美以美會(The Methodist Episcopal Church)，成為該會之傳道人，其後竟以教會中人，參加清季科舉考試，得中舉人，實為晚清教會史上之罕例。時列強不斷入侵，國勢危殆，黃氏遂孑然而起，投身晚清之維新及革命運動，從事救國之活動，並且策動福州府屬之農民，移墾英屬婆羅州之詩巫(Sibu)，由是得以知聞當世。黃氏在教會與國家之 抉擇中，逐漸轉向後者，得以建立上述世俗之事功，遂引起日後中外史家對其研究之興趣，相繼發表研究成果，而黃氏在近代中國之歷史角色及地位，亦日見明確而備受尊崇。(撮要取自內文首段)
黃開國：《經學辭典》
Authors: 宗 靜航 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
經學是我國傳統文化的重要部分，張岱年説「經學是中國自漢代以至明清佔統治地位的學問」，《經學辭典》（以下簡稱《辭典》）的編者也説「經學，深深地滲透到了哲學、文學、語言學、美學、歷史學、藝術以及自然科學的各個方面，在中國傳統文化中居於主幹地位。不了解經學，就難以真正認識中國傳統文化。」「然而，至今尚無一部經學的專門辭典。」黃開國等諸位先生編纂《辭典》的目的正「是為國內外研究經學與希望了解經學的人們提供一部工具書」，並「力求全面而有重點的反映經學的歷史發展概貌」。(撮要取自內文首段)
簡評五本中國哲學辭書
Authors: 羅 秉祥 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
在過去十八年，一共有五本中國哲學的辭書問世，它們分別是：（1）韋政通著，《中國哲學辭典》，台北：大林出版社，1977，32開本，819頁：（2）韋政通編，《中國哲學辭典大全》，台北：水牛出版社，1983，32開本，905頁；（3）《中國大百科全書•哲學》，北京：中國大百科全書出版社，1987，16開本，1372頁；（4）馮契主編，《哲學大辭典》，上海：上海辭書出版社，1992，16開本，2085頁；（5）方克立編，《中國哲學大辭典》，北京：中國社會科學出版社，1994，16開本，802頁。有了這五本辭書的出現，對於中國哲學的研究及教學，都是好消息。現在也該是對這五本書作一比較評估的時候了，筆者不自量力，在這裏作一初步嘗試。(撮要取自內文首段)
Lily Xiao Hong Lee: The Virtue of Yin，Studies on Chinese Women
Authors: 畢 熙燕 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
蕭虹的《中國婦女研究論文集》是她近年來研究婦女問題的成果。其所選文章不論是在材料的豐富性、議論的詳實性及涵蓋範圍的廣闊性上，都給人以深刻的印象。作者在引言中説：本書所論及的中國婦女，她們生活在不同的歷史階段——從公元一世紀到二十世紀；她們來自於各式各樣的家庭背景——有窮苦的農民家庭，有高級士大夫家庭，還有中層商人家庭：她們的成就建樹也大相徑庭——歷史、道德教育、文學、哲學、宗教、政治鬥爭以及西方音樂。從地理區域角度看，她們除了來自沿海一帶及人口密度最高的長江黃河之間，還有人出生於貧瘠的西北地區或西南的熱帶叢林。其中之一還是成長在海外的華僑。(撮要取自內文首段)
身處時代交替裏——北京大學第一任校長嚴復
Authors: 甘 穎軒 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
辛亥革命雖然一夜之間推翻清王朝的統治，但却不能將封建王朝遺留下來的建制一并推倒。新的制度來不及建立，舊制度下的各種規章與人事安排仍然繼續影響著新時代的領導者。改革者要在這個時代交替的時期開拓新氣象，往往需要相當勇氣與毅力，然而，很多時候都仍只會是吃力不討好。
有“西學第一人”美譽的嚴復(1854—1921 )，早年留學英倫，掌握西方新知識，對中國的高等教育發展也有所見解。1912年，他被委接任京師大學堂監督。隨着學堂其後更名爲國立北京大學，嚴復也成爲大學首任校長。他在任内致力整頓各學科課程，積極籌措經費，對提升大學水平貢獻良好。可惜，他與以蔡元培爲首的教育部時生衛突，令他的工作受到諸多掣肘。半年後，心灰意冷的他選擇離任。The Revolution of 1911 had overthrown the regime of Qing Dynasty, nevertheless the original management culture including old regulations and personnel could not be abolished immediately. It still remained and affected those new leading cadres until new culture was created in the future. In this changing era, reformers always felt frustrated since they worked diligently but gained very little.
Yan Fu who was a returned student from Britain in the late Qing, mastered well much new Western knowledge and had a lot of progressive insights about the development of higher education in Modem China. He was appointed as the chancellor of National Peking University in 1912. He devoted much effort in dealing with those works such as Modified subjects and raised money to support the university’s expenditure. Unfortunately, he could not solve the conflict with the Educational Ministry which was headed by Cai Yuanpei at that time. Having no alternatives, he resigned from his post at last.
《陳振孫評傳》
Authors: 李 丹 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
陳振孫的《直齋書録解題》與此前的晁公武《郡齋讀書志》，一直被稱爲中國目録學史上的雙璧。這不僅是因爲二書同在南宋，又是《四庫全書總目》之前僅存的兩部私家藏書解題目録，更因爲這兩家書目收書豐富，在圖書分類、著録體例、敘録方式、解題内容、文獻考察等方面，都有它特别的價值，對後世目録學的發展有著重要影響。其譽之爲“雙璧”，良有以也。(撮要取自內文首段)
簡論宗教與戲劇之關係——以儺戲寺廟劇場與元明清雜劇爲論述内容
Authors: 曾 永義 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
本文所謂的“宗教”，是指中國人所信仰的賽社、驅儺與儒釋道而言；所謂的“戲劇”，則指凡“演故事”者皆屬之，包括“合歌舞以代言演故事”的“戲曲”在内。宗教與戲劇關係錯综複雜而密切，限於篇幅，實難進行周延而深入的探討。因此這裏嘗試提綱挈領的從五個方面來探討這個問題：（一）先秦儺儀與戲劇、戲曲的源生，（二）由現今儺戲觀其“儀”與“戲”交替雜糅之關係，（三）宗教儀式與戲劇演出之交互運用關係，（四）由寺廟劇場觀察宗教與戲劇之關係，（五）雜劇中宗教劇所蘊含的意識形態。“Religion” mentioned in this article refers to Sai She, Qu nuo and Confucianism Buddhism Taoism in traditional Chinese belief. And “opera” refers to “play a story”, including the “Play” which “combines song and dance to play a story”. The relationship between religion and opera is close and complicated; limited to space, it is difficult to have a comprehensive and thorough discussion. We, therefore, try to concentrate on the main points from five aspects as follows: (1) the sources of nuo ceremony, opera and play in pre-Chin Dynasty; (2) the mingled relationship between “ceremony” and “play” from the perspective of contemporary nuo play; (3) the alternating application of religious ceremony and opera performance; (4) the relationship between religion and opera from the perspective of temple theater; (5) the ideology contained in religious mixed opera. We obtain research materials only from the mixed operas in Yuan, Ming and Ching Dynasties without a comprehensive and thorough investigation, due to the limitation of time and space.
章太炎的白話文立場探析
Authors: 陳 學然 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
本文有三個重點。第一，指出章太炎在一生中的兩個不同階段，因思想背景的不同而產生了兩種對待白話文的迥異態度；第二，透過舉述與太炎同時代的人或其門生後學的相關評議，瞭解他們如何評價他的白話文立場；第三，紹述北京大學陳平原教授新近再次刊行的一篇長文，該文曾論及太炎的白話述學文體及其與白話文運動之間的關係，但部份觀點仍有待商榷。透過這幾方面的論述，有助我們認識太炎的學術關懷指歸以及進一步反思他在新文學運動中的角色和位置。The purpose of this paper is three-fold. The first is to study Zhang Tai Yan’s life which can be divided into two different stages. Due to the different background of thoughts, Zhang’s attitude towards Vernacular Literature changed completely. The second is to analyze a selected group of scholars in Zhang’s time as well as his students in order to understand how these people view Zhang’s attitude towards Vernacular Literature. The third is to study a lengthy essay written by Professor Chen Ping Yuan of Beijing University. In the essay, Professor Chen discussed about the relationship between Zhang’s Vernacular Literature Movement and the Vernacular Literature Text-type. However, some of the viewpoints did not gain enough evidence. It is this paper’s hope that by making the three analyses, the understanding of Zhang Tai Yan’s academic passion will be enhanced and it can be made clearer the role he played in the new literature movement.
《〈全明詞〉補編》
Authors: 沙 先一 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
相對於唐宋詞的研究而言，學界對明詞的研究不夠重視，原因主要有兩個方面：一是自清代以來一直認爲明詞是千年詞史上的衰微期，存在曲化、俗化等弊病，整體研究價值不高；二是明代詞學資料較爲零散，没有經過系統的整理，無法全面認識有明一代詞作。(撮要取自內文首段)
《佛教與基督教對話》
Authors: 高 慎濤 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
佛教與基督教同爲世界性宗教，在發展過程中不免會相遇。尤其是自冷戰結束以後，由世界經濟一體化而引發的世界政治和文化生活一體化過程日趨明顯，兩大宗教的接觸日益頻繁，佛耶之間的對話也隨之提上日程。吳言生、賴品超、王曉朝教授主編的《佛教與基督教對話》，正是中國佛耶對話成果最新、最系統的反映。(撮要取自內文首段)
嚴羽詩學兩則小議
Authors: 陳 國明 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
《滄浪詩話•詩辨》和《答出繼叔臨安吳景仙書》，是研究嚴羽詩學的重要文獻，當代學者對此每有申論，惜因襲之見多，識度高明者鮮。本文特拈出其中兩個論題：一、“分限”與“分限之悟”，孰是孰非？二、“於詩則用健字不得”與杜詩評論，有何關係？略加辨析，藉此展示版本校勘及文本解讀的若干問題，以見時論之偏蔽。
“Shibian”, (Making the Right Distinctions in Poetry) in Cang-lang shihua (Canglang's Remarks on Poetry) and “Da Wu Jingxian shu” (A Letter in Response to Wu Jingxian) are the significant documents to study Yan Yu's poetics. Contemporary scholars analyzed them frequently, but following the traditional opinions are more common than full of remarkable insights. This article deals with two argumentative topics from these documents. First, “fenxian” (distinctions in talent) and “fenxian zhiwu" (limited enlightenment), which is correct? Second, what are the relations between “yu shi ze yong jian zi bu de” (don't use the word Jian to evaluate poems) and the critique of Du Fu’s poetry. Through elaborating some critical points, the related problems of textual criticism and interpretation are showed up, and consequently the biases of the present opinions will be revealed.
古代詩詞藝術鑒賞與詩學研究：從黄節到林庚
Authors: 李 鵬飛 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
顧隨、俞平伯等一批現代學者既具備舊體詩詞寫作的功底，又接受過現代學術方法的訓練，並且長期在大學講授並研究古典詩詞。他們的詩詞鑒賞研究類論著既能闡發古典詩詞藝術之奧義，又能進行自覺的詩學理論的探索，是傳統詩話類著作與當代研究者之間的重要過渡。對他們的鑒賞與研究經驗進行回顧和總結，必將給我們以寶貴啓示。
A group of modem scholars such as Gu Sui and Yu Pingbo spent a long period of time teaching and researching classic poetry in universities. Not only did these scholars receive rigorous Western-style academic training, they were also classically trained that they themselves were masters of classic poem composition. Such trainings were reflected in these scholars’ research works on classic poetry appreciation: while they were able to elucidate the profoundness of the art of classic poetry, they also made a conscientious effort to advance modern poetic theory in such works, initiating the critical transition from the classic poetry talks to contemporary poetic theories. The study on these scholars and their works on classic poetry appreciation, therefore, would certainly enlighten and further the understanding of classic poetry.
單複相證的詞義學依據及其在《廣雅疏證》中的運用
Authors: 張 其昀 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
單複相證是指以字面相關的單音詞與複音詞相互證義。單複相證之詞義學依據在於：單複可以同義。單複相證是《廣雅疏證》的一種一般性證義手段。書中單複相證共使用了“重言”、“合言”和“單言”三個術語。
The verification by mono-/di-syllables is the circumstance where monosyllables and disyllables containing a same character verify each other. The verification by mono-/di-syllables has the basis which the word meaning study, this is: word meaning of mono-/di-syllables possible same. The verification by mono-/di-syllables is a commonly used in Guangya Shuzheng (廣雅疏證). This method altogether has utilized chongyan (重言), heyan (合言), and danyan (單言) these three terminology in the book.
從分析哲學觀點看天人之際學説的根本問題
Authors: 馮 耀明 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
從老子開始一直發展下來的天人之際學説，乃是混雜了宇宙生化論和形上本體論而成的“天道論”，與混漫了成德之教與本體之學而成的“心性論”。這兩大混雜或混漫造成的後果是：生化之源可被混轉爲存有之本，超越本體可被混化爲超驗規律，宇宙秩序可被混同爲道德秩序，而自主心黨更可混昇爲宇宙心靈。針對這些“混混”，固可於思想史上找到各家同時及先後互動而混混之軌跡的合理説明；但就哲學理論本身所要求的概念表達的清晰性和邏輯論證的合理性而言，我們卻很難找到任何一種足以自圓其説的説法。
本文的目的乃是就儒道二家若干思想個案（老子和張載）以分析及説明此一混雜或混化的理論構成和後果，從而展示傳統中國天人之際的哲理探究或參究中所隱含的根本性問題及其思想謬誤。本文作者相信：只有徹底地擺脫此一天人之際的混漫，中國哲學才可回歸到健康發展的道路上來。
Since Laozi, the idea of the unity of heaven and man has been developed or constructed as a specific type of thesis or theory which is amalgamated with cosmogony and ontology, on the one hand, and merged with moral teaching and metaphysical doctrine, on the other. The consequence of this amalgamation and merger is to mistransform the generative origin into the ontological ground, to confuse the transcendent being with the transcendental principle, to mis-identify the natural order as moral norm, and most importantly, to promote the individual (human) mind up to the universal mind at the cost of losing autonomy and responsibility. I think the development of this kind of amalgamation together with the interaction between different schools of thought in the context of their merger could be reasonably explained in terms of its historical factor and background; but it is quite difficult to give a coherent picture of the thesis with conceptual clarity and logical validity in philosophy.
The aim of this paper is to investigate the construction and consequence of this type of thesis or theory through two case studies (Laozi and Zhangzai). Based on this investigation, I shall demonstrate the basic problem of the thesis and the intellectual fallacy caused. My conclusion is that only when we escape from the trap of confusion in the idea of the unity of heaven and man, can we have a healthy road to the future of Chinese philosophy.
世紀的沉思——《空間的馳想》釋讀
Authors: 鐘 元凱 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
林庚先生的晚年詩作《空間的馳想》由“空間之思”與“生命之思”兩部分組成。詩人以20世紀出現的相對論、宇宙學爲知識背景，對時間與空間作出新的思考，彰顯了不要以時間感遮蔽空間感的思想感悟。詩中對空間的弘揚以及對時間虛化的藝術處理，融入了詩人對當下時代精神貧困的現實感受。科學不僅啓發了詩人的靈感，而且被詩人點化爲核心的隱喻。生命之思則闡發了詩人獨特的青春美學的意蘊，並在對藝術和美的思索中，指明生命的真諦乃在於對物的超越、對世界的覺醒，在於精神的自由和解放。詩章秉承了浪漫主義的詩學傳統，對深陷於物質主義之中的世紀病進行了批判性的反思，呼籲突破物的滯累與羈絆，邁向物質與精神、科技與文藝平衡的澄明之境。全詩體現了科學精神與人文精神的統一、邏輯語言與詩性語言的統一，是詩性的沉思録，是從詩美學出發的一種宇宙觀的掃描。
In his final years, Professor Lin Geng (1909-2006) composed a poem entitled A Spiritual Gallop in the Spatial Realm. This poem is comprised of two parts, namely “Meditation on Space” and “Meditation on Life”. The poet uses Relativism and Cosmology, two scientific theories that appeared in the twentieth century, as the intellectual background in his poem and presents new findings of his contemplation on the theme of time and space. The main thrust of this is “not letting the sense of time overshadow the sense of space”. The artistic arrangements of praising space and demeaning time are derived from the poet's sentiment on the common lack of spirit in the era that he lived. Science was not only the poet’s inspiration but also treated as the core metaphor in the poem. His philosophy of life expresses the significant meaning of what he terms “aesthetics of youth.” In his contemplation on art and beauty, moreover, the poet points out that the real meaning of life lies in Iwo aspects: transcendence of material goods and awakening in the secular world. In other words, it relies fully on the freedom and liberation of one’s spirit. The poem inherits the poetics of romanticism. It criticizes and reflects on people’s indulgence in material enjoyments, a common trend that is regarded as “illness of the era” by the poet. He calls to break free from the entanglement and impediment of materialism, whereby one may enter a limpid realm where one finds the balance between the material and the spirit, and the balance between science and the arts. The poem illustrates the unity of scientificity and humanity, as well as the unity of logical language and characteristic language. It is a record of poetic meditation and a scanning of the cosmologic landscape triggered by a poetical aesthetics.
論《國語》版本暨《古今韻會舉要》引《國語》例辨正
Authors: 郭 萬青 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
《古今韻會舉要》引用《國語》共79處，其中一些例句和今傳《國語》是有差異的，這種差異反映了北宋以前《國語》版本的一些文字異同。
Gujinyunhuijuyao quoted 79 sentences of Guoyu. Some sentences are not seen in present Guoyu. The writing of some sentences are different from those in present Guoyu. Some sentences should have been Guoyu's notes, but Gujinyunhuijuyao took them as text of Guoyu. The article correct them according to consulting correlating data.
《宜興胥井、武進前街董氏合修家乘》的文獻價值
Authors: 卞 孝萱 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
本文利用《宜興胥井、武進前街董氏合修家乘》，研究明清兩代，董氏家族支派在鄉村和城市的不同生活方式和生活取向。展示譜牒資料不同於正史、地方誌而獨具的文獻價值。
With the Genealogy Which Revised by Both Branches of Dong Family Who Lived in Xujing of Yixing and Qianjie of Wujin, this article has made a research on the branches of Dong Family, who lived in countries and cities with different ways and tendencies of life during Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. Compared withauthorized history and gazetteers, the peculiar value of Genealogy has been showed by this research.
海外文字緣——清代中日筆談交流研究
Authors: 王 曉秋 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
筆談又稱筆話、筆語，就是用筆寫文字代替口説語言進行交談。用毛筆寫漢字交談則是東亞漢字文化圈各國人士之間一種特殊的文化交流方式。特別在清代，是中日文人筆談的最盛期。由於筆談寫在紙上，往往可以保存流傳下來。故而至今在日本和中國的一些圖書館、檔案館以及民間私人文書中，還收藏有相當數量的清代中日筆談記録原本。這些筆談爲研究中日文化交流史提供了大量既珍貴又有趣的原始資料。清代中日筆談具有原始性，真實性，內容的多樣性、廣泛性，以及互動性、趣味性等特點。本文根據筆者多年的收集和研究，著重解剖日本儒者與中國漂流民的筆談《得泰船筆語》、日本藩士與上海文人的筆談《沒鼻筆語》、日本漢學家與中國駐日使館外交官的筆談《大河內文書》等幾種清代不同時期、不同地點、不同身份、不同內容的典型筆談資料，介紹這些筆談的歷史背景與由來，分析其內容，評述其意義，從而進一步論述清代中日筆談交流的特點及其史學、文學價值。
The concept of bitan, also bihua or biyu——literally, “talks through the writing brush” (hereafter “brush talks”), refers to a particular kind of writing activity that can function as a form of conversation in lieu of oral language. Conducting conversations with the writing brush is a special means of cultural exchange adopted in East Asian countries within the “Sinograph-oriented cultural circle.” The Qing dynasty (1644-1911) witnessed a climax of the “brush talk” tradition. The content of “brush talks” was written on paper and could be preserved. For this reason, a considerable number of brush talks’ produced during exchanges between China and Japan are now preserved in Chinese and Japanese libraries, archives, establishments, and private collections. These are precious and entertaining materials for research on the history of Sino-Japanese cultural exchange. Qing-dynasty “brush talks” embody marked features, such as originality, veritability, varied contents, interactivity, and amusement. The present essay is an outcome of many years of data collection and study of the topic. Its foci of examination include three collections of “brush talks”. The first one is Detaichuan biyu, a collection of “brush talks” recording conversations between Japanese Confucian scholars and Chinese vagrants. The second is Meibi biyu, a collection of “brush talks’’ between delegates of certain Japanese suzerains and Shanghai intellectuals. The third is Daihenei wenshu, a collection of “brush talks" between Japanese Sinologists and Chinese diplomats stationed in the Chinese embassy in Japan. These three collections are representative, as they were all produced during the Qing but at different points of time, in different places, by different hands (i.e., hierarchies), and with different content. The present essay introduces their historical backgrounds, analyzes their content, and evaluates their significance. It also discusses the characteristics of the exchanges in Sino-Japanese “brush talks” of the Qing period, and their value in historiography and literary studies.
晚清“崇實”思潮與現代印刷文化的興起——以張元濟爲中心的論述
Authors: 雷 啓立 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
本文以張元濟爲中心，討論晚清“崇實”思潮與現代印刷文化興起之間的關係。論文首先“呈現”了清末民初的知識和思想狀況，解讀了“崇實”思潮何以在晚清發生，這一思潮使當時的知識群體對建設一種新的文化有怎樣的想像等問題，探討了具有“現代”意義的印刷文化何以在晚清民初興起的原因。論文指出，以張元濟爲代表的“精英”知識群體，把印刷媒介作爲“智民救國”的一種武器、一種方式，分析了文學“與群治的關係”何以在那樣的時刻通過印刷出版發生之原因。在這樣的分析背後，論文認爲，印刷技術變革帶來的運作方式的變化使印刷媒介内在地成爲社會變革運動中的一個重要組成部分，而不僅僅是一種手段，“現代”印刷文化的興起不僅僅是一種知識傳播方式的變革，更是一種“在地”的“做”和“運動”。
Taking Zhang Yuanji (1867-1959) as an example, this paper discusses the relation between the wave of “pragmatism” and the rise of the modern printing culture in late Qing and early Republican China. From a macro perspective on history of thought and cultural background, this essay specially “represents” the intellects’ situation of late Qing, explains how the wave of “pragmatism” and the modern printing culture took shape during that periods. After analyzing the reasons why literature became related to the mass culture and social control through the development of printing technology, the essay points out that a group of “elitists” represented by Zhang Yuanji made the new printing culture a medium and weapon to enlighten the mass and save the nation.
The essay points out, the notion of “modernity” penetrated into the organization of cultural production, institutional management, capital operation and management due to the wide application of printing technology in the process of cultural production. In the forming process of new social pattern, the modern printing technology became a significant part of social power by acting more than an instrument. This means, the rise of the modern printing culture is not only a reform on the means of knowledge spreading, but also a “doing” culture and movement in late Qing and early Republican China.
《中國現代文學研究史》
Authors: 劉 濤 
Published: February 2023

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese only.
一門學科發展到一定階段，都會出現學科史一類的著作，對該學科誕生、發展和成長的歷史進行鉤沉和描述，以總結經驗教訓，爲學科進一步發展提出自己的看法。學科史或學術史著作的大量出現，因此往往被看作該學科進一步發展的契機和走向成熟的標誌。現在，已不年輕的中國現代文學學科也迎來了自已的這個時期。在大量具有學術史性質的著作、論文出現之後，又一部學術史專著在學科接近60周歲之際出版了，這就是黃修己、劉衛國主編的《中國現代文學研究史》（以下簡稱《研究史》），該密2008年7月由廣東人民出版社出版。全書共100萬字，上下兩冊，分五卷，第一次從宏觀角度，全面系統地描述和總結了現代文學研究約90年的歷史。編者在該書前言中説：“我們的任務首先是爲這一門學科構搭起它的歷史框架，描繪出它的比較清晰的面目，爲我們的學科建史，做這方而的草創工作。”這種“爲學科建史”的明確意識，自始至終貫徹在這部專著之中，內在制約著它的體例、內容和風格，形成了該著作最明顯的特點，使其成爲一部具有較髙史學品格的學術史。（撮要取自內文首段）