bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unique structures and material properties of the skin in different body regions of three species of fish
Authors: Zheng Yu , Li Xin , Guo Ce 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBenefitting from its unique helically arranged fiber structures, fish skin is a superior biological protective tissue. Reported here is a study of the microscopic morphological characteristics and mechanical properties of the skin of three species of fish, that is, Taihu white fish (Erythroculter ilishaeformis), grouper (Cichlasoma managuense), and yellowfin seabream (Ditrema temminckii Bleeker), revealing the special protective mechanisms of fish skin. Experiments involving scanning electron microscopy show that the stratum compactum is the main part of fish skin and comprises helically stacked fibers, with the helical ply angles of the fibrous layers differing significantly for the different fish species and in different regions of their bodies. Tension and penetration experiments show that fish skin provides a fish's body with considerable mechanical protection from lacerations and bites inflicted by its natural enemies. Moreover, the mechanical tests show that fish skin has two different defensive mechanisms against tension and penetration loads, thereby offering a novel idea for designing body armor that is both flexible and tough.
Enhanced Transdermal Absorption of Hyaluronic Acid via Fusion with Pep‐1 and a Hyaluronic Acid Binding Peptide
Authors: Yan Li‐Hua , Zhang Yu‐Jie , Hu Hai‐Jie , Zhang Chuan , Wang Yue , Xu Xue‐Tian , Zhang Tong‐Cun , Su Rui , Luo Xue‐Gang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIt is always big challenges for hyaluronic acid (HA) in transmembrane absorbing and efficient delivering to the skin. Pep‐1, as one of the cell‐penetrating peptides, has been documented to permeate various substances across cellular membranes without covalent binding. Here, a novel hyaluronic acid binding peptide (named HaBP) is designed, and then combined with Pep‐1 to enhance the cell‐penetrating efficiency of HA. The results of ELISA and immunofluorescence assay show that HaBP could bind with HA very well, and a combination of Pep‐1 and HaBP could efficiently improve the transmembrane ability of HA. Furthermore, HA gradually enters the dermis from the surface of the skin in mice when it is administrated with both HaBP and Pep‐1, while there are no obvious allergies or other adverse reactions during this process. This study finds a new method to promote the efficient transmembrane and transdermal absorption of HA, and throws some light on further research on the development of hyaluronic acid and its related cosmetics or drugs.
The Lawson‐Hanson algorithm with deviation maximization: Finite convergence and sparse recovery
Authors: Dessole Monica , Dell'Orto Marco , Marcuzzi Fabio 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe Lawson‐Hanson with Deviation Maximization (LHDM) method is a block algorithm for the solution of NonNegative Least Squares (NNLS) problems. In this work we devise an improved version of LHDM and we show that it terminates in a finite number of steps, unlike the previous version, originally developed for a special class of matrices. Moreover, we are concerned with finding sparse solutions of underdetermined linear systems by means of NNLS. An extensive campaign of experiments is performed in order to evaluate the performance gain with respect to the standard Lawson‐Hanson algorithm. We also show the ability of LHDM to retrieve sparse solutions, comparing it against several ‐minimization solvers in terms of solution quality and time‐to‐solution on a large set of dense instances.
Pediatric inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the bladder with ALK–FN1 fusion successfully treated by alectinib
Authors: Fujiki Toshihiro , Sakai Yuta , Ikawa Yasuhiro , Takenaka Mika , Noguchi Kazuhiro , Kuroda Rie , Abe Takatoshi , Nomura Kozo , Sakai Seisho , Wada Taizo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a mesenchymal neoplasm characterized by the proliferation of myofibroblasts and inflammatory cell infiltration. Although radical resection is the only established treatment strategy for IMT, it can cause functional disorders when vital organs are affected. We describe a case of pediatric IMT of the bladder with FN1–ALK (fibronectin 1–anaplastic lymphoma kinase) fusion. Radical resection might lead to urinary disturbance due to the large tumor size at diagnosis. However, the tumor was successfully treated with alectinib, a second‐generation ALK inhibitor, followed by transurethral resection of the bladder tumor without any complications.
A differential proteomics study of cerebrospinal fluid from individuals with Niemann‐Pick disease, Type C1
Authors: Li Wenping , Pergande Melissa R. , Crutchfield Christopher A. , Searle Brian C. , Backlund Peter S. , Picache Jaqueline A. , Burkert Kathryn , Yanjanin‐Farhat Nicole M. , Blank Paul S. , Toth Cynthia L. , Wassif Christopher A. , Porter Forbes D. , Cologna Stephanie M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNiemann‐Pick, type C1 (NPC1) is a fatal, neurodegenerative disease, which belongs to the family of lysosomal diseases. In NPC1, endo/lysosomal accumulation of unesterified cholesterol and sphingolipids arise from improper intracellular trafficking resulting in multi‐organ dysfunction. With the proximity between the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), performing differential proteomics provides a means to shed light to changes occurring in the brain. In this study, CSF samples obtained from NPC1 individuals and unaffected controls were used for protein biomarker identification. A subset of these individuals with NPC1 are being treated with miglustat, a glycosphingolipid synthesis inhibitor. Of the 300 identified proteins, 71 proteins were altered in individuals with NPC1 compared to controls including cathepsin D, and members of the complement family. Included are a report of 10 potential markers for monitoring therapeutic treatment. We observed that pro‐neuropeptide Y (NPY) was significantly increased in NPC1 individuals relative to healthy controls; however, individuals treated with miglustat displayed levels comparable to healthy controls. In further investigation, NPY levels in a NPC1 mouse model corroborated our findings. We posit that NPY could be a potential therapeutic target for NPC1 due to its multiple roles in the central nervous system such as attenuating neuroinflammation and reducing excitotoxicity.
How has the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic changed the epidemiology and management of acute bronchiolitis?
Authors: Brisca Giacomo , Mariani Marcello , Buratti Silvia , Ferretti Marta , Pirlo Daniela , Buffoni Isabella , Mallamaci Marisa , Salvati Pietro , Tagliarini Giulia , Piccotti Emanuela , Sacco Oliviero , Castagnola Elio , Moscatelli Andrea 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveSARS‐COV‐2 pandemic profoundly impacted acute bronchiolitis epidemiology worldwide, especially respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) diffusion and the burden of disease, with remarkable implications on the management of health resources. We aimed to study the epidemiology and clinical course of bronchiolitis in the past 5 years in our region and to assess the trends that occurred during and after the SARS‐COV‐2 pandemic.MethodsWe conducted an observational study including all children aged 0–2 years with bronchiolitis admitted to a tertiary children's hospital during the last 5 years. Demographic, clinical, and microbiological data were collected. Comparisons between patient subgroups were carried out.ResultsA total of 647 patients admitted for bronchiolitis were included (median age 78 days). Molecular diagnostic tests were performed in 617 patients (95.4%) with RSV detected in 51.5% of patients in prepandemic years and 74.5% in pandemic years. Through the study period, we observed a progressive increase in the number of children requiring respiratory support, RSV infections, and children with a history of prematurity. Conversely, this was not true for mechanical ventilation, duration of respiratory support, intensive care unit admission, and length of stay.ConclusionsClinical course and epidemiology of bronchiolitis showed a significant change through the study years with a heavy impact during the 2021–2022 season. The increase in the number of patients requiring respiratory support, although not associated with an increase in mechanical ventilation, may be explained by the higher prevalence of RSV. The change in epidemiology highlights the importance of surveillance systems to monitor RSV circulation, to plan prophylactic strategies, and prepare healthcare systems.
TUM autonomous motorsport: An autonomous racing software for the Indy Autonomous Challenge
Authors: Betz Johannes , Betz Tobias , Fent Felix , Geisslinger Maximilian , Heilmeier Alexander , Hermansdorfer Leonhard , Herrmann Thomas , Huch Sebastian , Karle Phillip , Lienkamp Markus , Lohmann Boris , Nobis Felix , Ögretmen Levent , Rowold Matthias , Sauerbeck Florian , Stahl Tim , Trauth Rainer , Werner Frederik , Wischnewski Alexander 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor decades, motorsport has been an incubator for innovations in the automotive sector and brought forth systems, like, disk brakes or rearview mirrors. Autonomous racing series such as Roborace, F1Tenth, or the Indy Autonomous Challenge (IAC) are envisioned as playing a similar role within the autonomous vehicle sector, serving as a proving ground for new technology at the limits of the autonomous systems capabilities. This paper outlines the software stack and approach of the TUM Autonomous Motorsport team for their participation in the IAC, which holds two competitions: A single‐vehicle competition on the Indianapolis Motor Speedway and a passing competition at the Las Vegas Motor Speedway. Nine university teams used an identical vehicle platform: A modified Indy Lights chassis equipped with sensors, a computing platform, and actuators. All the teams developed different algorithms for object detection, localization, planning, prediction, and control of the race cars. The team from Technical University of Munich (TUM) placed first in Indianapolis and secured second place in Las Vegas. During the final of the passing competition, the TUM team reached speeds and accelerations close to the limit of the vehicle, peaking at around and . This paper will present details of the vehicle hardware platform, the developed algorithms, and the workflow to test and enhance the software applied during the 2‐year project. We derive deep insights into the autonomous vehicle's behavior at high speed and high acceleration by providing a detailed competition analysis. On the basis of this, we deduce a list of lessons learned and provide insights on promising areas of future work based on the real‐world evaluation of the displayed concepts.
Ultrasound Probe‐assisted Telescopic One‐pot Synthesis of Spiro[indene‐2,2’‐naphthalene]‐4’‐carbonitrile Derivatives using Fe3O4@SCH2CO2H@Ni‐NH2as a Reusable Nanocatalyst
Authors: Ghasemi‐Ghahsareh Aref , Safaei‐Ghomi Javad , Oboudatian Hourieh Sadat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a novel inorganic‐organic hybrid catalyst based on Fe3O4has been successfully developed during four simple steps. After construction of Fe3O4@SCH2CO2H, the presence of nickel and urea converts this catalyst into the porous nano magnetic catalyst. The prepared nanocatalyst was identified by FT‐IR, VSM, XRD, FE‐SEM, EDX, elemental mapping, TGA, TEM, and BET. Then, we have employed the prepared catalyst as a recoverable heterogeneous and nanoporous catalyst for synthesis of spiro[indene‐2,2’‐naphthalene]‐4’‐ carbonitrile derivatives via one‐pot telescopic four component reaction of malononitrile, cyclohexanone, aromatic aldehydes, and 1,3‐indandione under ultrasonic irradiation. As anticipated, prepared catalyst displayed significant performance in the promoting of the studied reaction. Eco‐friendly, facile workup, medium to excellent yields in short reaction times, broad range of products, high catalytic performance and reusability of the catalyst are some of the noticeable advantages of this protocol. Further, we can separate and reuse the catalyst six times without any significant loss of activity.
Orange Pomace Facilitated Synthesis of Cu2O/ZnO Nanocomposites for Visual and Optical Sensing of Silver Ions in Water for Environmental Remediation
Authors: Yadav Sushma , Shah Anjali , Malhotra Priti 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe presence of silver ions at toxic concentrations in wastewater has provoked many scientists to design novel methods to detect silver ions in water. Employing agro‐waste to design nanomaterials has incited the use of orange pomace to design fruitful and biocompatible nanomaterials for endorsing sustainable and green methods. Herein, we report a sensitive and selective colorimetric detection of silver ions employing biogenically synthesized Cu2O/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs). The Cu2O/ZnO NCs were fabricated using orange pomace (OP) holistically acting as a stabilizing and reducing agent. Sensing ability of Cu2O/ZnO NCs synthesized via greener route for the presence of different metal ions such as Na+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Sr2+, Ag+, Ni2+, Fe2+, Pb2+, Mg2+, and K+ has been examined at room temperature. A naked eye colour change form slight yellowish to black was noticed in case of silver ions, this is confirmed by the shifting of maximum wavelength from 453 nm to 362 nm. Thus, in this work Cu2O/ZnO NCs was demonstrated as an extremely specific and selective colorimetric nanosensor for silver ions in water and showed a good linearity over the range of 20 μM–2 mM and a limit of detection (LOD) of 13.1 μM. The green fabrication of nanosensor for silver ions further maintain the sustainability of environment and encourage the researchers for greener fabrication of colorimetric sensors.
New Insights into the Chemistry of the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Olivine Lithium Metal Phosphates
Authors: Chen Wen‐Jing , Xiao Han , Chen Wei , Fang Hai‐Sheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe effect of alkali ions (Na+ and K+) on the hydrothermal synthesis of olivine lithium metal phosphates in the P excess system was investigated by taking the synthesis of LiMn0.8Fe0.19Mg0.01PO4 as a case study. It is found that the coexisting Na+ can compete with Li+ to partly form NaMnPO4 as an impurity when the Na+/Li+ ratio exceeds the critical value, and this is not the case for the coexisting K+. These behaviors should be related to the difference in the ionic size of the alkali ions which also leads to a very different process of LiMn0.8Fe0.19Mg0.01PO4 formation. The samples derived from the K+‐coexisting reaction system can deliver much higher reversible capacities as compared with the sample derived from the Na+‐coexisting reaction system. This study provides new insights into the chemistry of the hydrothermal synthesis of olivine lithium metal phosphates, with an important implication for controllable synthesis and property manipulation.
Design, Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity and Molecular Docking Studies of Naphthyl Pyrazolyl Thiazole Derivatives as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Abd El Salam Hayam A. , Fathy Usama , Zayed Ehab M. , El Shehry Mohamed F. , Ahmed E.Gouda and 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNovel series of heterocycliccompounds pairing hybrids pyrazole, naphthalene and pyrazoline/thiazoldinemoieties were synthesized. The starting compounds pyrazolyl hydrazinecarbothioamidewere synthesized by the reaction of the 4‐formyl pyrazole derivatives with thiosemicarbazide to afford the substituted carbothioamide in good yields. The carbothioamideswere used as starting materials for synthesis of a variety of pyrazolylhydrazinylthiazole derivativesandpyrazolylhydrazonothiazolidin derivatives. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were deduced depending on their spectrum data and elemental analysis. The cytotoxicity of the selected compounds was screened invitroagainst three human breast cancer cell lines. The four compounds showed a gradual decrease in cell viability and theonly compound thiazolidin‐4‐one10bshowed IC5010.16, 8.25 and 4.88 μM against the above cell lines, respectively. Thus, it was selected for further invitrobiological investigations. The Structure‐activity relationship for these compounds was interpreted in terms of molecular docking.
Fujiwara‐Moritani Assisted Synthesis of Conjugated 2,3‐Dihydrofuran Trienes and Corresponding 2,3‐Dihydrobenzofuran Derivative
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Chhatwal Rajni Johar , Maity Jyotirmoy , Senapati Nihar Nalini , Prasad Ashok K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPalladium catalysed C−H activation has been carried out on furanoid glycals to afford highly substituted and conjugated 2,3‐dihydrofuran trienes and then its conversion into highly substituted 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran was achieved starting from commercially available, inexpensive sugar precursor diacetone‐D‐glucose. Claisen‐Schmidt condensation reaction, Fujiwara‐Moritani cross coupling reaction and 6π electro‐cyclisation reaction were utilized as the key steps in this synthetic route. Diacetone‐D‐glucose was converted into dihydrofuran moiety via Claisen Schmidt condensation which was submitted to Fujiwara‐Moritani C−C coupling reaction to afford 2,3‐O‐isopropylidine‐4,5‐disubstituted 2,3‐dihydrofurans. Excellent yields (up to 97 %) were obtained during C−C coupling step which indeed is an accomplishment. Next, two step chemical route was established for conversion of these substituted and conjugated 2,3‐dihydrofuran triene moieties into corresponding substituted 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran moiety.
A Green Protocol for One‐Pot Pseudo Five‐Component Synthesis of a New Series of Bis‐Betti Bases Via Mannich‐Type Reaction
Authors: Olyaei Abolfazl , Kouhfar Parisa , Sadeghpour Mahdieh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA green multi‐component approach for the synthesis of a new series of bis‐Betti base derivatives via Mannich‐type reaction was developed based on the one‐pot pseudo five‐component reaction of 5,5′‐methylenebis(thiazol‐2‐amine), aromatic aldehydes and 2‐naphthol in the presence of p‐toluenesulfonic acid as organocatalyst under solvent‐free conditions. The attractive features of this method are operational simplicity, metal‐free conditions, environmentally friendly, high atom‐economy, shorter reaction time, broad substrate scope, easy workup procedure, purification of products by nonchromatographic methods and good to high yields.
An Efficiently Doped PEDOT:PSS Ink Formulation via Metastable Liquid−Liquid Contact for Capillary Flow‐Driven, Hierarchically and Highly Conductive Films
Authors: Qiu Jiahuan , Yu Xinlan , Wu Xing , Wu Ziliang , Song Yihu , Zheng Qiang , Shan Guorong , Ye Hui , Du Miao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith commercial electronics transitioning toward flexible devices, there is a growing demand for high‐performance polymers such as poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). Previous breakthroughs in promoting the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS, which mainly stem from solvent‐treatment and transfer‐printing strategies, remain as inevitable challenges due to the inefficient, unstable, and biologically incompatible process. Herein, a scalable fabrication of conducting PEDOT:PSS inks is reported via a metastable liquid−liquid contact (MLLC) method, realizing phase separation and removal of excess PSS simultaneously. MLLC‐doped inks are further used to prepare ring‐like films through a compromise between the coffee‐ring effect and the Marangoni vortex during evaporation of droplets. The specific control over deposition conditions allows for tunable ring‐like morphologies and preferentially interconnected networks of PEDOT:PSS nanofibrils, resulting in a high electrical conductivity of 6,616 S cm−1 and excellent optical transparency of the film. The combination of excellent electrical properties and the special morphology enables it to serve as electrodes for touch sensors with gradient pressure sensitivity. These findings not only provide new insight into developing a simple and efficient doping method for commercial PEDOT:PSS ink, but also offer a promising self‐assembled deposition pattern of organic semiconductor films, expanding the applications in flexible electronics, bioelectronics as well as photovoltaic devices.
Long‐Term Retention Microbubbles with Three‐Layer Structure for Floating Intravesical Instillation Delivery
Authors: Deng Qiurong , Xie Junyi , Kong Shuying , Tang Tianmin , Zhou Jianhua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntravesical instillation is an effective treatment for bladder cancer. However, clinical anticancer agents always suffer rapid excretion by periodic urination, leading to low therapeutic efficacy. Prolonging the retention time of drugs in the bladder is the key challenge for intravesical instillation treatment. Herein, a facile and powerful surface cross‐linking‐freeze drying strategy is proposed to generate ultra‐stable albumin bovine air microbubbles (BSA‐MBs) that can float and adhere to the bladder wall to overcome the excretion of urination and exhibit a remarkable property of long‐term retention in the bladder. More noteworthy, BSA‐MBs are endowed with a specific three‐layer structure, namely, the outer membrane, middle drug loading layer and inner air core, which makes them have a low density to easily float and possess a high drug loading capacity. Based on their unique superiorities, the therapeutic potential of doxorubicin (DOX)‐loaded BSA‐MBs (DOX‐MBs) is exemplified by intravesical instillation for bladder cancer. After injection into the bladder, DOX‐MBs can remain in the bladder for a long time and sustain the release of DOX in urine, exhibiting potent anticancer efficacy. Consequently, the prolonged retention of BSA‐MBs in the bladder renders them as an effective floating drug delivery system for intravesical instillation therapy.
Fabrication of Homogeneous Nanoporous Structure on 4H‐/6H‐SiC Wafer Surface via Efficient and Eco‐Friendly Electrolytic Plasma‐Assisted Chemical Etching
Authors: Zhan Shunda , Liu Bowen , Yu Xuemeng , Chen Xihan , Zeng Guosong , Zhao Yonghua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNanoporous single‐crystal silicon carbide (SiC) is widely used in various applications such as protein dialysis, as a catalyst support, and in photoanodes for photoelectrochemical water splitting. However, the fabrication of nano‐structured SiC is challenging owing to its extreme chemical and mechanical stability. This study demonstrates a highly‐efficient, open‐circuit electrolytic plasma‐assisted chemical etching (EPACE) method without aggressive fluorine‐containing reactants. The EPACE method enables the nano‐structuring of SiC via a plasma‐enveloped microtool traversing over the target material in an electrolyte bath. Through process design, EPACE readily produces a uniform nanoporous layer on a 4H‐SiC wafer in KOH aqueous solution, with adjustable pore diameters in the range 40–130 nm. Plasma diagnosis by optical emission spectrometry (OES) and surface microanalysis reveal that EPACE realizes a nanoporous structure by electrolytic plasma‐assisted oxidation and subsequent thermochemical reduction of an oxide. An increase in voltage or a decrease in etch gap intensifies the plasma and improves the etching efficiency. The maximum etch rate and depth reach 540 nm min−1 and 10 µm, respectively, demonstrating the significant potential of the approach as a time‐saving and sustainable nanofabrication method for industrial applications. Further, the effectiveness of the fabricated SiC nanoporous structure for application in photoelectrochemical water splitting is demonstrated.