bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐world treatment patterns and outcomes of pyrotinib‐based therapy in patients with HER2‐positive advanced breast cancer (PRETTY): A nationwide, prospective, observational study
Authors: Li Yiqun , Tong Zhongsheng , Wu Xinhong , Ouyang Quchang , Cai Li , Li Wei , Yu Zhiyong , Han Zhengxiang , Wang Xiaojia , Li Man , Wang Haibo , Li Li , Yang Jin , Niu Zhaofeng , Wang Qitang , Xu Binghe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPyrotinib, an irreversible pan‐ErbB inhibitor, has been approved for treating HER2‐positive advanced breast cancer in China. We conducted a nationwide, prospective observational study to examine the real‐world data of pyrotinib‐based therapy in this population. Patients from 61 sites across China were included. Pyrotinib‐based regimens were prescribed at local physician's discretion. Demographics, treatment patterns, prognosis and safety were evaluated. The primary outcome was real‐world progression‐free survival (rwPFS). Of 1129 patients, pyrotinib‐based therapy was prescribed as first‐, second‐ and third‐ or later‐line treatment in 437 (38.7%), 476 (42.2%) and 216 (19.1%) patients, respectively. Median rwPFS (mrwPFS) was 14.3 (95% CI, 13.3‐15.2) months in the total population, with the longest mrwPFS of 17.8 (95% CI, 15.2‐24.9) months in the first‐line setting, followed by 14.4 (95% CI, 12.9‐15.3) months in the second‐line setting. Patients with third‐ or later‐line treatment also achieved a mrwPFS of 9.3 (95% CI, 8.4‐11.8) months. Patients with trastuzumab‐ or trastuzumab‐pertuzumab‐treated disease achieved a mrwPFS of 14.3 and 13.6 months, respectively. Dual HER2 blockade with pyrotinib plus trastuzumab showed a mrwPFS of 16.2 months in the total population, with data not mature in the first‐line setting. For patients with baseline brain metastases, the mrwPFS was 11.7 months. The most common adverse event was diarrhea (any grade, 73.5%; grade ≥ 3, 15.3%). In real world, pyrotinib‐based therapy shows promising effectiveness in the first‐, as well as second‐ and later‐line treatment, with acceptable tolerability. Further investigations regarding front‐line use or novel combinations of pyrotinib might facilitate to maximize its anti‐tumor potential.
Multiple approaches revealed MGc80‐3 as a somatic hybrid with HeLa cells rather than a gastric cancer cell line
Authors: Cao Fang , Sun Hao , Yang Zhenli , Bai Yanhua , Hu Xiao , Hou Yuhong , Bian Xiaocui , Liu Yuqin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe short‐tandem‐repeats (STR) profiles of MGc80‐3 and HeLa partially overlap, raising suspicion of contamination in the MGc80‐3 cell line. However, there has not been any relevant study demonstrating whether MGc80‐3 was fully replaced by HeLa cells, just mixed with HeLa cells (co‐existing), or was a somatic hybrid with HeLa cells. In addition to STR profiling, various approaches, including single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping, polymerase chain reaction, screening for human papillomaviruses type 18 (HPV‐18) fragment, chromosome karyotyping, pathological examination of xenografts, tissue‐specific‐90‐gene expression signature and high‐throughput RNA sequencing were used to determine the nature of MGc80‐3. Our study found that the abnormal STR profile, partially overlapping with that of HeLa cells (64.62% to 71.64%), could not verify MGc80‐3 as a HeLa cell line. However, the STR 13.3 repeat allele in the D13S317 locus that seemed to be unique to HeLa cells was detected in MGc80‐3. Almost all the MGc80‐3 cells exhibited HPV‐18 fragments in the genome as well as certain HeLa marker chromosomes, such as M7 and M12. The molecular assay of the 90‐gene expression signature still considered MGc80‐3 as a stomach cancer using an algorithmic analysis. The expression pattern of multiple genes in MGc80‐3 was quite different from that in HeLa cells, which showed that certain characteristics belonged to gastric cancer cell lines. High throughput RNA sequencing showed the distinct patterns of gene expression in MGc80‐3. In conclusion, MGc80‐3 cell line is a somatic hybrid with HeLa cells rather than a pure gastric cancer cell line.
First validation of the model of sustainable mental health: Structural model validity and the indirect role of adaptation
Authors: Kloos Noortje , Kraiss Jannis , ten Klooster Peter , Bohlmeijer Ernst 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThere is a growing interest in mental well‐being as a vital outcome in clinical practice in addition to mental illness. The model of sustainable mental health (SMH) was recently introduced to delineate how interventions can improve mental health by targeting barriers and resources of adaptation to life stressors, improving the ability to adapt and thereby reducing mental illness and improving mental well‐being. The aim of the current study is to empirically validate the conceptual model of SMH as well as the assumed indirect role of ability to adapt.MethodsThis study used an existing dataset of the general population with self‐reported reduced well‐being due to the corona crisis (n = 849, mean age 53 years, SD = 15). Measurements of mental illness (depression and anxiety), mental well‐being, ability to adapt, a specific barrier for adaptation (i.e., repetitive negative thinking), and a specific resource for adaptation (i.e., positive reframing) were included. Structural equation modeling was used to assess both the structural validity of the model and the indirect effect of ability to adapt.ResultsAn acceptable to good fit was found for the model of SMH and all paths between the proposed elements of the model were significant and in the hypothesized direction. Ability to adapt served as an indirect pathway trough which repetitive negative thinking (B = 0.149, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.016–0.028) and positive reframing (B = 0.163, 95% CI = 0.065–0.123) were linked with mental illness and mental well‐being.ConclusionThe current study provides the first empirical support of the internal validity of the model of SMH in a sample of the general population with reduced well‐being, suggesting that barriers and resources to adaptation have an effect on mental illness and mental well‐being through the ability to adapt. The model of SMH may therefore be a good model to use in research and clinical practice for developing, implementing, and evaluating a balanced treatment approach targeting both barriers and resources for adaptation.
Prevalence of novel gamma HPV types 223 and 225 in oral cavity and skin of Indian normal and neoplastic participants
Authors: Chatterjee Nilanjana , Sultana Farhin , Roy Rituparna , Dey Samyadipta , Naskar Sukanya , Dam Aniruddha , Bhowmick Anup K. , Begum Rakiba , Mandal Shyam S. , Mandal Ranajit K. , Chakrabarti Jayanta , Panda Chinmay K. , Tommasino Massimo , Gheit Tarik , Dutta Sankhadeep 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGamma‐papillomaviruses, though traditionally classified as cutaneotropic, actual tissue tropism is largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the tissue‐specific prevalence of two novel‐HPV 223 and 225 in samples of oral mucosa and keratinized epithelium of varied skin parts from 226 female and male subjects, with or without neoplastic/dysplastic lesions in oral cavity or cervix. The gamma‐human papillomavirus (gamma‐HPV) 223 and 225 DNA presences were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ursing the HPV type‐specific primers and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Viral load in the HPV 223 and HPV 225 positive samples were determined by absolute real‐time quantification method. Alpha‐HPV DNA prevalence was also checked in oral mucosa to ascertain coinfection status. Novel HPV 223 was present in 4.4% (10/226) oral mucosal samples of the study population; interestingly all were females with no prevalence in their corresponding skin swab samples. Whereas, the prevalence of HPV 225 was found both in the skin and oral mucosa of 28.2% (N = 37/131) female and 17.9% (N = 17/95) male participants. Alongside, HPV 223 viral load was found to be significantly higher (p = 0.02 < 0.05) in the oral mucosa of diseased participants, whereas, HPV 225 viral load was higher in the oral mucosa of normal participants. Our results suggest that gamma‐HPV 223 has its prevalence only in the oral mucosal epithelium, whereas, HPV 225 has its prevalence on both mucosal and keratinized skin epithelium, indicating its dual tropism nature.
Sapovirus infections in Japan before and after the emergence of the COVID‐19 pandemic: An alarming update
Authors: Hoque Sheikh Ariful , Pham Ngan Thi Kim , Onda‐Shimizu Yuko , Nishimura Shuichi , Sugita Kumiko , Kobayashi Masaaki , Islam Mohammad Tajul , Okitsu Shoko , Khamrin Pattara , Maneekarn Niwat , Hayakawa Satoshi , Ushijima Hiroshi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn increasing trend of sapovirus (SaV) infections in Japanese children during 2009−2019, particularly after the introduction of the voluntary rotavirus (RV)‐vaccination program has been observed. Herein, we investigated the epidemiological situation of SaV infections from 2019 to 2022 when people adopted a precautionary lifestyle due to the emergence of the COVID‐19 pandemic, and RV vaccines had been implemented as routine vaccines. Stool samples were collected from children who attended outpatient clinics with acute gastroenteritis and analyzed by reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction to determine viral etiology. Among 961 stool samples, 80 (8.3%) were positive for SaV: 2019−2020 (6.5%), 2020−2021 (0%), and 2021−2022 (12.8%). The trend of SaV infection in Japanese children yet remained upward with statistical significance (p = 0.000). The major genotype was GI.1 (75%) which caused a large outbreak in Kyoto between December 2021 and February 2022. Phylogenetic, gene sequence and deduced amino acid sequence analyses suggested that these GI.1 strains detected in the outbreak and other places during 2021−2022 or 2019−2020 remained genetically identical and widely spread. This study reveals that SaV infection is increasing among Japanese children which is a grave concern and demands immediate attention to be paid before SaV attains a serious public health problem.
Preprocedural fasting policies for patients receiving tube feeding: A national survey
Authors: Sparling Jamie L. , Nagrebetsky Alexander , Mueller Ariel L. , Albanese Marissa L. , Williams George W. , Wischmeyer Paul E. , Rice Todd W. , Low Ying H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients who are critically ill frequently accrue substantial nutrition deficits due to multiple episodes of prolonged fasting prior to procedures. Existing literature suggests that, for most patients receiving tube feeding, the aspiration risk is low. Yet, national and international guidelines do not address fasting times for tube feeding, promoting uncertainty regarding optimal preprocedural fasting practice. We aimed to characterize current institutional fasting practices in the United States for patients with and without a secure airway, with variable types of enteral access, for representative surgical procedures.MethodsThe survey was distributed to a purposive sample of academic institutions in the United States. Reponses were reported as restrictive (6–8 h preprocedurally) or permissive (<6 h or continued intraprocedurally) feeding policies. Differences between level 1 trauma centers and others, and between burn centers and others, were evaluated.ResultsThe response rate was 40.3% (56 of 139 institutions). Responses revealed a wide variability with respect to current practices, with more permissive policies reported in patients with secure airways. In patients with a secure airway, Level 1 trauma centers were significantly more likely to have permissive fasting policies for patients undergoing an extremity incision and drainage for each type of feeding tube surveyed.ConclusionsCurrent hospital policies for preprocedural fasting in patients receiving tube feeds are conflicting and are frequently more permissive than guidelines for healthy patients receiving oral nutrition. Prospective research is needed to establish the safety and clinical effects of various fasting practices in tube‐fed patients.
Development and Application of Automated Vocal Fold Tracking Software in a Rat Surgical Model
Authors: Pennington‐FitzGerald William , Joshi Abhinav , Honzel Emily , Hernandez‐Morato Ignacio , Pitman Michael J. , Moayedi Yalda 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThe rat is a widely used model for studying vocal fold (VF) function after recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, but common techniques for evaluating rat VF motion remain subjective and imprecise. To address this, we developed a software package, called RatVocalTracker1.0 (RVT1.0), to quantify VF motion and tested it on rats with iatrogenic unilateral vocal fold paralysis (VFP).MethodsA deep neural network was trained to identify the positions of the VFs and arytenoid cartilages (ACs) in transoral laryngoscope videos of the rat glottis. Software was developed to estimate glottic midline, VF displacement, VF velocity, and AC angle. The software was applied to laryngoscope videos of adult rats before and after right recurrent and superior laryngeal nerve transection (N = 15; 6M, 9F). All software calculated metrics were compared before and after injury and validated against manually calculated metrics.ResultsRVT1.0 accurately tracked and quantified VF displacement, VF velocity, and AC angle. Significant differences were found before and after surgery for all RVT1.0 calculated metrics. There was strong agreement between programmatically and manually calculated measures. Automated analysis was also more efficient than nearly all manual methods.ConclusionThis approach provides fast, accurate assessment of VF motion in rats with minimal labor and allows for quantitative comparison of lateral differences in movement. Through this novel analysis method, we can differentiate healthy movement from unilateral VFP. RVT1.0 is open‐source and will be a valuable tool for researchers using the rat model for laryngology research.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:340–346, 2024
Prediction Models for Dysphagia in Intensive Care Unit after Mechanical Ventilation: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Juan , Lu Guangyu , Wang Zhiyao , Zhang Jingyue , Ding Jiali , Zeng Qingping , Chai Liying , Zhao Li , Yu Hailong , Li Yuping 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveDysphagia is a common condition that can independently lead to death in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), particularly those who require mechanical ventilation. Despite extensive research on the predictors of dysphagia development, consistency across these studies is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to identify predictors and summarize existing prediction models for dysphagia in ICU patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation.MethodsWe searched five databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Studies that developed a post‐extubation dysphagia risk prediction model in ICU were included. A meta‐analysis of individual predictor variables was performed with mixed‐effects models. The risk of bias was assessed using the prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST).ResultsAfter screening 1,923 references, we ultimately included nine studies in our analysis. The most commonly identified risk predictors included in the final risk prediction model were the length of indwelling endotracheal tube ≥72 h, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score ≥15, age ≥65 years, and duration of gastric tube ≥72 h. However, PROBAST analysis revealed a high risk of bias in the performance of these prediction models, mainly because of the lack of external validation, inadequate pre‐screening of variables, and improper treatment of continuous and categorical predictors.ConclusionsThese models are particularly susceptible to bias because of numerous limitations in their development and inadequate external validation. Future research should focus on externally validating the existing model in ICU patients with varying characteristics. Moreover, assessing the acceptance and effectiveness of the model in clinical practice is needed.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:517–525, 2024
Quantifying Facial Distortion in Modern Digital Photography
Authors: Derakhshan Adeeb , Gadkaree Shekhar K. , Barbarite Eric R. , Lindeborg Michael M. , Bhama Prabhat K. , Shaye David A. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAdvancements in digital cameras and the advent of smartphones have magnified the importance of clinical photography in facial plastic surgery. Here, we aim to examine the effect of different camera types, focal lengths, and distances from subjects on facial distortion.MethodsTwelve subjects underwent a series of frontal photographs using a smartphone camera and a full‐frame digital single‐lens reflex camera. Photos were captured at six distances from the subject. Seven focal lengths were used at each distance for the full‐frame camera. Measurements of facial landmarks were made for each photo, with those made at 60 inches using the full‐frame camera considered the gold standard and used for comparison.ResultsDistortion of facial features using the full‐frame camera occurred when photos were captured 8 inches away using short focal lengths. A 12%–19% increase in vertical stretching of the midface occurred when using focal lengths of 24, 35, and 50 mm (p < 0.05 for all). The same features were distorted when a smartphone camera was used at 8 inches (18% increase, p < 0.01) and 12 inches (12% increase, p < 0.03).ConclusionsDistortion of midfacial features using both smartphones and full‐frame cameras occurs with short, ‘selfie’ distances between the camera and subject.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 134:1234–1238, 2024
Post‐Mortem Studies of Neurturin Gene Therapy for Parkinson's Disease: Two Subjects with 10 Years CERE120 Delivery
Authors: Chu Yaping , Kordower Jeffrey H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeurturin is a member of the glial cell line‐derived neurotrophic factor family of neurotrophic factors and has the potential to protectdegenerating dopaminergic neurons.ObjectiveHere, we performed post‐mortem studies on two patients with advanced Parkinson's disease that survived 10 years following AAV‐neurturin gene (Cere120) delivery to verify long‐term effects of trophic factor neurturin.MethodsCere120 was delivered to the putamen bilaterally in one case and to the putamen plus substantia nigra bilaterally in the second. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine neurturin, Rearranged during transfection(RET), phosphor‐S6, and tyrosine hydroxylase expressions, inflammatory reactions, and α‐synuclein accumulation.ResultsIn both patients there was persistent, albeit limited, neurturin expression in the putamen covering 1.31% to 5.92% of the putamen. Dense staining of tyrosine hydroxylase‐positive fibers was observed in areas that contained detectable neurturin expression. In substantia nigra, neurturin expression was detected in 11% of remaining melanin‐containing neurons in the patient with combined putamenal and nigral gene delivery, but not in the patient with putamenal gene delivery alone. Tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons were 66% to 84% of remaining neuromelanin neurons in substantia nigra with Cere120 delivery and 23% to 24% in substantia nigra without gene delivery. More RET and phosphor‐S6 positive neurons were observed in substantia nigra following nigral Cere120. Inflammatory and Lewy pathologies were similar in substantia nigra with or without Cere120 delivery.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of long‐term persistent transgene expression and bioactivity following gene delivery to the nigrostriatal system. Therefore, future efforts using gene therapy for neurodegenerative diseases should consider means to enhance remaining dopamine neuron function and stop pathological propagation. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Quantitative analysis of blood glucose by FT‐Raman spectroscopy and multivariate statistical analysis
Authors: Sun Wenyi , Song Shuai , Qian Bairen , Wen Da , Jiang Daying , Fu Yongqing , Wang Qiaoyun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiabetes is one of the common chronic diseases in worldwide and increasing among young children. Testing glycated hemoglobin levels as well as blood glucose levels is a method for detecting diabetes. In this article, with multivariate statistical analysis was used to monitor the blood glucose levels by the Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy. Principal component regression with direct orthogonal signal correction is developed and applied to analyze the glucose concentration with the blood Raman spectroscopy. The root means square error of calibration is 3.0824 mg/dL (0.1712 mmol/L), the root means square error of prediction is 3.2688 mg/dL (0.1816 mmol/L), the correlation coefficients (R2) is .9946 and ratio of performance to deviation is 6.4789 and, respectively. The results show that this method can be used as a strong potential diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus.
PSMA‐Hornet: Fully‐automated, multi‐target segmentation of healthy organs in PSMA PET/CT images
Authors: Klyuzhin Ivan S. , Chaussé Guillaume , Bloise Ingrid , Harsini Sara , Ferres Juan Lavista , Uribe Carlos , Rahmim Arman 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundProstate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET imaging represents a valuable source of information reflecting disease stage, response rate, and treatment optimization options, particularly with PSMA radioligand therapy. Quantification of radiopharmaceutical uptake in healthy organs from PSMA images has the potential to minimize toxicity by extrapolation of the radiation dose delivery towards personalization of therapy. However, segmentation and quantification of uptake in organs requires labor‐intensive organ delineations that are often not feasible in the clinic nor scalable for large clinical trials.PurposeIn this work we develop and test the PSMA Healthy organ segmentation network (PSMA‐Hornet), a fully‐automated deep neural net for simultaneous segmentation of 14 healthy organs representing the normal biodistribution of [18F]DCFPyL on PET/CT images. We also propose a modified U‐net architecture, a self‐supervised pre‐training method for PET/CT images, a multi‐target Dice loss, and multi‐target batch balancing to effectively train PSMA‐Hornet and similar networks.MethodsThe study used manually‐segmented [18F]DCFPyL PET/CT images from 100 subjects, and 526 similar images without segmentations. The unsegmented images were used for self‐supervised model pretraining. For supervised training, Monte‐Carlo cross‐validation was used to evaluate the network performance, with 85 subjects in each trial reserved for model training, 5 for validation, and 10 for testing. Image segmentation and quantification metrics were evaluated on the test folds with respect to manual segmentations by a nuclear medicine physician, and compared to inter‐rater agreement. The model's segmentation performance was also evaluated on a separate set of 19 images with high tumor load.ResultsWith our best model, the lowest mean Dice coefficient on the test set was 0.826 for the sublingual gland, and the highest was 0.964 for liver. The highest mean error in tracer uptake quantification was 13.9% in the sublingual gland. Self‐supervised pretraining improved training convergence, train‐to‐test generalization, and segmentation quality. In addition, we found that a multi‐target network produced significantly higher segmentation accuracy than single‐organ networks.ConclusionsThe developed network can be used to automatically obtain high‐quality organ segmentations for PSMA image analysis tasks. It can be used to reproducibly extract imaging data, and holds promise for clinical applications such as personalized radiation dosimetry and improved radioligand therapy.