bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trauma and orthopaedic surgery response at the world’s largest sporting event: an analysis of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022
Authors: Salman Loay A. , Alzobi Osama Z. , Hatnouly Ashraf T. , Al Haneedi Yaman , Abousamhadaneh Maamoun , Hameed Shamsi , Al Ateeq Al Dosari Mohamed , Ahmed Ghalib 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyse the impact of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022 on the Orthopaedic Surgery department at Hamad Medical Corporation and its response to the challenges posed by the world’s largest sporting event.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on the epidemiology, crisis management plan, and training program adaptations at the Orthopaedic Surgery department during the World Cup. Descriptive analysis of the number and types of surgeries performed, patient demographics, and the disaster preparedness plan were performed.

Results
During the tournament period (November–December 2022), 706 patients (4.22% football fans) were operated on, with an average age of 44 ± 17 years. Most patients were males, 67%. Of the 706 patients, 60.33% were emergency cases, 38.24% were elective, 1.27% were limb-saving, and one life-saving procedure was performed, comparable to pre-tournament numbers. The patients were of 77 different nationalities, reflecting the diverse background of Qatar’s population and the international fanbase of the tournament.

Conclusions
This analysis provides valuable insights for future mega sporting events and highlights the importance of crisis management and training program adaptation for optimal patient care and resident training advancement. The findings demonstrate the crucial role of the Orthopaedic Surgery Department in responding to the challenges posed by large-scale events.
Can Axillary Lymph Node Dissection be Omitted in Breast Cancer Patients with Metastatic Sentinel Lymph Nodes Undergoing Mastectomy? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Real‐World Evidence
Authors: Chen Fulong , Li Xiaowen , Lin Xianjun , Chen Lijia , Lin Zhaoling , Wu Hao , Chen Jishang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe omission of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in patients with breast cancer who have metastatic sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) undergoing mastectomy remains controversial. This meta‐analysis explored the clinicopathological factors affecting the selection of ALND and the influences of ALND on survival outcomes in patients receiving mastectomy with positive SLNs.MethodsEligible studies published prior to 31 December 2022 were selected by searching the Embase, Web of Science and PubMed databases. Pooled analyses were performed using the number of events for clinicopathological parameters and HRs with 95% CIs for survival outcomes including disease‐free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), distant recurrence‐free survival (DRFS) and locoregional recurrence‐free survival (LRFS).ResultsA total of 10 retrospective studies enrolling only breast cancer patients with limited SLN metastases (no more than 3 positive SLNs or micrometastatic SLNs) undergoing mastectomy were included. Performing ALND in mastectomy patients who had limited SLN metastases was significantly correlated with invasive ductal carcinomas, larger tumors, lymphovascular invasion, higher tumor grade, macrometastatic SLNs, more positive SLNs, extranodal extension, positive surgical margins, negative ER, administration of adjuvant chemotherapy and nonwhite race (P < 0.05). However, performing ALND did not result in significantly longer OS, DFS, LRFS or DRFS (P > 0.05) in these patients.ConclusionThe present meta‐analysis indicated that ALND may be safely avoided in patients with breast cancer who had limited SLN metastases undergoing mastectomy. Further well‐designed randomized clinical trials are warranted to validate our results.
Impact of extended sinus surgery on allograft infection, allograft function and overall survival in cystic fibrosis lung transplant recipients
Authors: Meier Manuel , Schuurmans Macé M. , Vital Domenic , Inci Ilhan , Holzman David , Soyka Michael B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Studies investigating the impact of sinus surgery for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients performed early after lung transplantation (Ltx) are scarce. Recent studies evaluating frequency of respiratory infections and graft outcomes are not available.

Objectives/hypothesis
To determine whether there is a difference in allograft infection, allograft function and overall survival among CF lung transplant recipients with and without concomitant sinus surgery.

Study design
Retrospective single-center study.

Methods
We examined 71 CF patients who underwent Ltx between 2009 and 2019 at our center. Fifty-nine patients had sinus surgery before or/and after transplantation and twelve did not undergo sinus surgery. We assessed the survival, the diagnosis of chronic allograft dysfunction (CLAD) and all elevated (> 5 mg/l) c-reactive protein episodes during the observed period. The infectious events of the upper and lower airways were categorized in mild infections (5–15 mg/l CRP) and severe infections (> 15 mg/l CRP).

Results
There was no difference in the long-time overall survival (p = 0.87) and no benefit in the short-term survival at 4 year post-transplant (p = 0.29) in both groups. There was no difference in both groups concerning CLAD diagnosis (p = 0.92). The incidence of severe upper and lower airway infections (CRP > 15 mg/l) was significantly decreased in the sinus surgery group (p = 0.015), whereas in mild infections there was a trend to decreased infections in the sinus surgery group (p = 0.056).

Conclusions
CF patients undergoing Ltx benefit from extended endoscopic sinus surgery (eESS) in terms of frequency of severe infectious events of the upper and lower airways. There was no difference in overall survival and frequency of CLAD in the two groups.
Short- and long-term outcomes of robotic-assisted versus video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy in non-small cell lung cancer patients aged 35 years or younger: a real-world study with propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Pan Hanbo , Zhang Jiaqi , Tian Yu , Zou Ningyuan , Zhu Hongda , Gu Zenan , Jin Weiqiu , Ning Junwei , Jiang Long , Huang Jia , Luo Qingquan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study compared short- and long-term outcomes of robotic-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) versus video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for lobectomy in young adults aged ≤ 35 years with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), aiming to assess the superiority of RATS over VATS for this special group of patients.

Methods
A total of 1355 consecutive NSCLC cases aged 18–35 years undergoing RATS (n = 105) or VATS (n = 1250) between 2014 and 2021 were retrospectively identified from a prospectively maintained database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to establish a 1:3 RATS versus VATS ratio. Baseline clinicopathological characteristics, perioperative outcomes, lymph node (LN) assessment, and long-term survival were investigated.

Results
Following PSM, 105 and 315 cases were in the RATS and VATS groups, respectively. RATS led to a shorter postoperative hospital stay than VATS (4.0 ± 1.5 vs 4.3 ± 1.7 days, p = 0.02). The two groups were comparable in other perioperative outcomes and postoperative complications (all p > 0.05). Moreover, RATS assessed more LNs (9.4 ± 4.4 vs 8.3 ± 3.6, p = 0.03), especially N1 LNs (4.2 ± 3.1 vs 3.5 ± 2.2, p = 0.02), than VATS. By comparison, no difference in 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS), overall survival (OS), or recurrence or mortality patterns was found between the two groups (all p > 0.05). Further subgroup analyses also observed similar long-term outcomes between the two groups regarding age, gender, and smoking history. Finally, Cox’s analyses found that the surgical approach was not independently correlated with RFS or OS.

Conclusion
RATS shortened postoperative hospital stay, assessed more N1 and total LNs, and achieved comparable long-term outcomes to VATS for very young NSCLC patients.
Influence of Laser Power and Scan Speed on the Formation of Hot Cracks during the Processing of High-speed Steel HS2-2-2 by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Lücke Tim Gerrit , Schüller Luke , Vogelpoth Andreas , Laag Thomas , Saewe Jasmin , Häfner Constantin Leon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe manufacturing of high-speed steel (HSS) components using the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process could create an unprecedented combination of the materials’ mechanical properties and the design freedom enabled by the process to unlock new applications, such as milling heads with functionally optimized cooling channels. However, the processing of HSS with the LPBF process shows high susceptibility to cracking. This contribution aims to reduce hot cracking for the processing of HS2-2‑2 by investigating the influences of preheating temperature, laser power, and scan speed on the formation of hot cracks. The density and melt pool geometry of the produced parts are measured to further examine the relationship between the processing conditions and the resulting properties. The influence of various process parameters on the formation of hot cracks can be demonstrated. Further investigation shows a relation between hot cracking and the melt pool geometry. With a narrow and shallow melt pool, influenced by laser power and scan speed, the number of hot cracks can be reduced.
How does research activity align with research need in chronic subdural haematoma: a gap analysis of systematic reviews with end-user selected knowledge gaps
Authors: Gillespie Conor S. , Fung Kwan Wai , Alam Ali M. , Yanez Touzet Alvaro , Dhesi Jugdeep , Edlmann Ellie , Coles Jonathan , Menon David K. , Hutchinson Peter J. , Stubbs Daniel J. , Davies Benjamin M. ,   On behalf of the ICENI Collaboration
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) is increasingly common. Although treatment is triaged and provided by neurosurgery, the role of non-operative care, alongside observed peri-operative morbidity and patient complexity, suggests that optimum care requires a multi-disciplinary approach. A UK consortium (Improving Care in Elderly Neurosurgery Initiative [ICENI]) has been formed to develop the first comprehensive clinical practice guideline. This starts by identifying critical questions to ask of the literature. The aim of this review was to consider whether existing systematic reviews had suitably addressed these questions.

Methods
Critical research questions to inform CSDH care were identified using multi-stakeholder workshops, including patient and public representation. A CSDH umbrella review of full-text systematic reviews and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement (CRD42022328562). Four databases were searched from inception up to 30 April 2022. Review quality was assessed using AMSTAR-2 criteria, mapped to critical research questions.

Results
Forty-four critical research questions were identified, across 12 themes. Seventy-three articles were included in the umbrella review, comprising 206,369 patients. Most reviews (86.3%, n=63) assessed complications and recurrence after surgery. ICENI themes were not addressed in current literature, and duplication of reviews was common (54.8%, n=40). AMSTAR-2 confidence rating was high in 7 (9.6%) reviews, moderate in 8 (11.0%), low in 10 (13.7%) and critically low in 48 (65.8%).

Conclusions
The ICENI themes have yet to be examined in existing secondary CSDH literature, and a series of new reviews is now required to address these questions for a clinical practice guideline. There is a need to broaden and redirect research efforts to meet the organisation of services and clinical needs of individual patients.
Problems and alternatives of testing significance using null hypothesis and P-value in food research
Authors: Choi Won-Seok 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA testing method to identify statistically significant differences by comparing the significance level and the probability value based on the Null Hypothesis Significance Test (NHST) has been used in food research. However, problems with this testing method have been discussed. Several alternatives to the NHST and the P-value test methods have been proposed including lowering the P-value threshold and using confidence interval (CI), effect size, and Bayesian statistics. The CI estimates the extent of the effect or difference and determines the presence or absence of statistical significance. The effect size index determines the degree of effect difference and allows for the comparison of various statistical results. Bayesian statistics enable predictions to be made even when only a small amount of data is available. In conclusion, CI, effect size, and Bayesian statistics can complement or replace traditional statistical tests in food research by replacing the use of NHST and P-value.
Bias in the Representative Volume Element method: Periodize the Ensemble Instead of Its Realizations
Authors: Clozeau Nicolas , Josien Marc , Otto Felix , Xu Qiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe study the representative volume element (RVE) method, which is a method to approximately infer the effective behavior $$a_{\textrm{hom}}$$

a
hom

of a stationary random medium. The latter is described by a coefficient field a(x) generated from a given ensemble $$\langle \cdot \rangle $$

⟨
·
⟩

and the corresponding linear elliptic operator $$-\nabla \cdot a\nabla $$

-
∇
·
a
∇

. In line with the theory of homogenization, the method proceeds by computing $$d=3$$

d
=
3

correctors (d denoting the space dimension). To be numerically tractable, this computation has to be done on a finite domain: the so-called representative volume element, i.e., a large box with, say, periodic boundary conditions. The main message of this article is: Periodize the ensemble instead of its realizations. By this, we mean that it is better to sample from a suitably periodized ensemble than to periodically extend the restriction of a realization a(x) from the whole-space ensemble $$\langle \cdot \rangle $$

⟨
·
⟩

. We make this point by investigating the bias (or systematic error), i.e., the difference between $$a_{\textrm{hom}}$$

a
hom

and the expected value of the RVE method, in terms of its scaling w.r.t. the lateral size L of the box. In case of periodizing a(x), we heuristically argue that this error is generically $$O(L^{-1})$$

O
(

L

-
1

)

. In case of a suitable periodization of $$\langle \cdot \rangle $$

⟨
·
⟩

, we rigorously show that it is $$O(L^{-d})$$

O
(

L

-
d

)

. In fact, we give a characterization of the leading-order error term for both strategies and argue that even in the isotropic case it is generically non-degenerate. We carry out the rigorous analysis in the convenient setting of ensembles $$\langle \cdot \rangle $$

⟨
·
⟩

of Gaussian type, which allow for a straightforward periodization, passing via the (integrable) covariance function. This setting has also the advantage of making the Price theorem and the Malliavin calculus available for optimal stochastic estimates of correctors. We actually need control of second-order correctors to capture the leading-order error term. This is due to inversion symmetry when applying the two-scale expansion to the Green function. As a bonus, we present a stream-lined strategy to estimate the error in a higher-order two-scale expansion of the Green function.
Applicability of an active matrix metalloproteinase-8 point-of-care test in an oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic: a pilot study
Authors: Kallio Essi , Puolakkainen Tero , Tervahartiala Taina , Snäll Johanna , Marttila Emilia , Sorsa Timo , Uittamo Johanna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Matrix metalloproteinases are enzymes that participate in numerous inflammatory responses and have been targeted as biomarkers in numerous pathologic states. The detection of active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) using a mouthrinse point-of-care test (POCT) has emerged as a diagnostic marker for periodontitis and other systemic inflammatory states. The objective of this pilot study was to assess the applicability of aMMP-8 POCT in an oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic and to evaluate the relationship between aMMP-8 levels and different patient groups.

Materials and methods
aMMP-8 POCT samples were collected from patients in an oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic during a one-month period. aMMP-8 levels were analyzed using a chairside lateral-flow immunotest and a digital reader. Clinically relevant patient variables were collected and descriptively evaluated. aMMP-8 levels over 20 ng/ml were considered to be elevated.

Results
A total of 115 patients were interviewed of which 112 agreed to the test (97.4%). Elevated aMMP-8 levels were observed in 58 (51.8%) patients. Bone loss was noted in 75 (67.0%) patients. Of these patients, aMMP-8 levels were elevated in 47 (62.7%) patients. Patients at an increased risk of infection had 35.5% higher aMMP-8 values on average compared to patients with no prior illnesses.

Conclusion
aMMP-8 POCT provides a non-invasive and reliable method for measuring aMMP-8 levels. Future studies are warranted to assess the clinical relevance between elevated aMMP-8 levels and specific patient groups.

Clinical relevance
The rapid availability of the test score allows an immediate impact on treatment planning.
Global Radiomic Features from Mammography for Predicting Difficult-To-Interpret Normal Cases
Authors: Siviengphanom Somphone , Gandomkar Ziba , Lewis Sarah J. , Brennan Patrick C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work aimed to investigate whether global radiomic features (GRFs) from mammograms can predict difficult-to-interpret normal cases (NCs). Assessments from 537 readers interpreting 239 normal mammograms were used to categorise cases as 120 difficult-to-interpret and 119 easy-to-interpret based on cases having the highest and lowest difficulty scores, respectively. Using lattice- and squared-based approaches, 34 handcrafted GRFs per image were extracted and normalised. Three classifiers were constructed: (i) CC and (ii) MLO using the GRFs from corresponding craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique images only, based on the random forest technique for distinguishing difficult- from easy-to-interpret NCs, and (iii) CC + MLO using the median predictive scores from both CC and MLO models. Useful GRFs for the CC and MLO models were recognised using a scree test. The CC and MLO models were trained and validated using the leave-one-out-cross-validation. The models’ performances were assessed by the AUC and compared using the DeLong test. A Kruskal–Wallis test was used to examine if the 34 GRFs differed between difficult- and easy-to-interpret NCs and if difficulty level based on the traditional breast density (BD) categories differed among 115 low-BD and 124 high-BD NCs. The CC + MLO model achieved higher performance (0.71 AUC) than the individual CC and MLO model alone (0.66 each), but statistically non-significant difference was found (all p > 0.05). Six GRFs were identified to be valuable in describing difficult-to-interpret NCs. Twenty features, when compared between difficult- and easy-to-interpret NCs, differed significantly (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed in difficulty between low- and high-BD NCs (p = 0.709). GRF mammographic analysis can predict difficult-to-interpret NCs.
A 3D Radiomics-Based Artificial Neural Network Model for Benign Versus Malignant Vertebral Compression Fracture Classification in MRI
Authors: Chiari-Correia Natália S. , Nogueira-Barbosa Marcello H. , Chiari-Correia Rodolfo Dias , Azevedo-Marques Paulo M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo train an artificial neural network model using 3D radiomic features to differentiate benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) on MRI. This retrospective study analyzed sagittal T1-weighted lumbar spine MRIs from 91 patients (average age of 64.24 ± 11.75 years) diagnosed with benign or malignant VCFs from 2010 to 2019, of them 47 (51.6%) had benign VCFs and 44 (48.4%) had malignant VCFs. The lumbar fractures were three-dimensionally segmented and had their radiomic features extracted and selected with the wrapper method. The training set consisted of 100 fractured vertebral bodies from 61 patients (average age of 63.2 ± 12.5 years), and the test set was comprised of 30 fractured vertebral bodies from 30 patients (average age of 66.4 ± 9.9 years). Classification was performed with the multilayer perceptron neural network with a back-propagation algorithm. To validate the model, the tenfold cross-validation technique and an independent test set (holdout) were used. The performance of the model was evaluated using the average with a 95% confidence interval for the ROC AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity (considering the threshold = 0.5). In the internal validation test, the best model reached a ROC AUC of 0.98, an accuracy of 95% (95/100), a sensitivity of 93.5% (43/46), and specificity of 96.3% (52/54). In the validation with independent test set, the model achieved a ROC AUC of 0.97, an accuracy of 93.3% (28/30), a sensitivity of 93.3% (14/15), and a specificity of 93.3% (14/15). The model proposed in this study using radiomic features could differentiate benign from malignant vertebral compression fractures with excellent performance and is promising as an aid to radiologists in the characterization of VCFs.
Nonlinear vibrations of a composite circular plate with a rigid body
Authors: Meng Ying , Mao Xiaoye , Ding Hu , Chen Liqun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe influence of weights is usually ignored in the study of nonlinear vibrations of plates. In this paper, the effect of structure weights on the nonlinear vibration of a composite circular plate with a rigid body is presented. The nonlinear governing equations are derived from the generalized Hamilton’s principle and the von Kármán plate theory. The equilibrium configurations due to weights are determined and validated by the finite element method (FEM). A nonlinear model for the vibration around the equilibrium configuration is established. Moreover, the natural frequencies and amplitude-frequency responses of harmonically forced vibrations are calculated. The study shows that the structure weights introduce additional linear and quadratic nonlinear terms into the dynamical model. This leads to interesting phenomena. For example, considering weights increases the natural frequency. Furthermore, when the influence of weights is considered, the vibration response of the plate becomes asymmetrical.