bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EXAMINING CHANGES IN STUDENTS' ATTITUDES TOWARD WORKING WITH OLDER ADULTS
Authors: O'Brien Christopher 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Curricular intervention studies have examined if instruction in aging and gerontology affects undergraduates’ attitudes, knowledge, and perceptions towards older adults. However, less is known about curricular impact on undergraduates’ intentions to work with older adults. By identifying factors that increase undergraduates’ intentions to work with older adults we may elucidate meaningful points of intervention to enhance pursuit of careers in the geriatric workforce. The current study examined baseline data from a longitudinal study examining the impact of an upper-level adult development psychology course on student attitudes towards working with older adults. It was hypothesized that there would be positive associations between attitudes towards working with older adults, knowledge about aging, and positive attitudes towards older adults. Participants were 19 undergraduate students enrolled in upper-level undergraduate psychology courses. Participants completed validated, self-report questionnaires related to their attitudes towards working with older adults, ageism attitudes, and attitudes and knowledge about aging. Bivariate correlation analyses were used to examine cross-sectional associations among main outcome variables. More positive explicit attitudes towards older adults were significantly associated with more willingness to work with older adults (r= .49 , p=.04). Additionally, knowledge of aging was positively correlated with perceived social norms around working with older adults (r= .49, p=.04). These initial findings suggest that knowledge and positive attitudes about aging may positively impact attitudes towards working with older adults. Future work will assess curricular impact on undergraduates’ intentions to work with older adults, as well as evaluate predictors of change in intentions.
CULTURAL VARIATION OF AGE DIFFERENCES IN DEVELOPMENTAL TRANSITIONS AND ATTITUDES
Authors: Chopik William , Carrillo Alejandro , Giasson Hannah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The age-group dissociation effect posits that, as negative age stereotypes become more salient, older adults will psychologically distance themselves from their own age group. This phenomenon is also seen in various attitudes about development and older adulthood, such as how relatively old or young individuals feel and the point at which older adulthood starts. Previous research has shown that people push older adulthood further into the future with every year of life—placing it perpetually on the horizon. However, most research on age attitudes and age-group dissociation have been conducted within one culture, and variation across settings is rarely examined. A sample of 1,007,956 participants ranging in age from 10 to 89 (M = 27.45, SD = 12.45; 67.1% women) from 13 different countries completed attitudinal measures about aging and developmental transitions. Across all countries and attitudinal measures, we replicated the age-group dissociation effect (βs &gt; .36). However, culture moderated many of the effects. For example, relative to the U.S., Chinese and Korean participants reported a younger age at which older adulthood started but showed a more dramatic age-group dissociation effect. In contrast, other countries reached an asymptote where older adults did not push the transition into the future as dramatically as middle-aged adults. Relative to the U.S. (and controlling for age), most countries showed a younger subjective age, and countries varied according to cultural values. The current project sheds light on how age-related attitudes and perceptual processes vary (and don’t) across cultural contexts.
THE EFFECT OF STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL SOCIAL SUPPORT OF OLDER KOREAN VOLUNTEERS ON LIFE SATISFACTION
Authors: Kim Meeryoung 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As well as helping others, senior volunteers, like other seniors, need their own social support. However, unlike general older adults, older volunteers can build many social networks through volunteering. This study aims to examine how structural and functional social support of older volunteers affects their life satisfaction.This study used the sixth additional wave (2016) and the seventh wave (2017) of the Korean Retirement and Income Study. The subjects of this study were volunteers who are aged 60 and older, and the sample size was 241. Multiple regression was used for data analysis. Demographic variables were controlled. As for independent variables, structural and functional social support were used. For the dependent variable, life satisfaction was used. Structural social support was measured by the number of related subjects. For functional social support, Cohen and Syme (1985)'s social support scale, which includes instrumental, emotional, informational, and evaluative support, was used.According to the results of the study, structural support did not significantly affect the life satisfaction of older volunteers, but functional support had a significant effect on life satisfaction. Structural support was not significant because volunteers had many networks through volunteering. However, the functional social support of receiving practical help significantly increased the life satisfaction of the volunteers. These findings imply that having someone who can help them is an important factor in increasing life satisfaction.
TYPES OF CULTURAL TOURISM PARTICIPATION AMONG KOREAN BABY BOOMERS
Authors: Kim Kyungmin , Kim Bon , Song Hwasung , Burr Jeffrey , Han Gyounghae 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cultural tourism (e.g., attending festivals, visiting museums and heritage sites) is an important part of leisure activity in middle and later life. As they age, midlife adults may anticipate more time for these activities when their family and work demands are less intense. However, the leisure-as-career perspective suggests that preferences, knowledge and skills for leisure and tourism activities develop throughout the life course. This study examines how Korean middle-aged adults participated in cultural tourism activities and whether their willingness to be involved in active leisure in later life differed by their current patterns of cultural tourism activities. We utilized data from the 2014 Korean Baby Boomer Panel Study (N = 4,053; age 51−60). Latent class analyses were applied to five types of activities (i.e., local festivals and events, exhibitions, museums, heritage sites, and international travels), and three distinct patterns were identified. The majority of the Korean baby boomer sample (81%) belonged to “Inactive cultural visitors”—not participating in any type of activities in the past two years, which may reflect persistent time pressures at midlife. “Casual cultural visitors” (11%) mainly visited local festivals and heritage sites. “Serious cultural visitors” (7%) engaged in all types of activities; they appeared to have more time and financial resources. Further, “serious cultural visitors” showed higher willingness to engage in active later life leisure compared to other two patterns, supporting the continuity of leisure/tourism activities. Our findings highlight the importance of prior leisure and tourism behaviors for understanding future leisure activity expectations.
CHANGES TO CARE PROVISIONS TO OLDER ADULTS DURING COVID-19: IMPLICATIONS FOR CAREGIVER WELL-BEING
Authors: Friedman Esther , Kirkegaard Allison , Kennedy David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Among the many consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic is its impact on caregiving for older adults. Pandemic-related physical distancing policies, avoidance of infection risk, and changing obligations at home and work has caused shifts in care that may not have occurred otherwise. We use nationally representative data on 2,363 caregivers to older family members and friends collected at the height of the pandemic to explore the extent to which family caregivers changed the amount and types of care they provided to a loved one with a disabling condition, and the impact of such changes on caregiver burden and wellbeing. About 41.5% of caregivers who continued to care for someone they helped prior to the pandemic, increased the amount of care provided, while only 7% reduced their intensity of help. Caregiving disruption in the amount of help – both increasing and decreasing care – was significantly associated with increased anxiety, depression, and loneliness of caregivers, but not with self-rated health. These findings persist even after controlling for a variety of sociodemographic, caregiving, and contextual characteristics, and the characteristics of support networks. This work points to an underexplored consequence of the pandemic: the impact on caregiving for older adults and caregiver burden. It will be important to explore the extent to which these effects persist as the pandemic runs its course.
UNDERSTANDING OLDER ADULTS' FLU VACCINE HESITANCY: THE ROLE OF MEDICAL MISINFORMATION
Authors: Hsieh Jessica , Mirza Raza , Hull James , Peng Siyu , Mustafa Muhammad Ibrar , Moore Carley , Kelly-Adams Deirdre , Klinger Christopher 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Influenza persists as a common communicable disease and remains a significant cause of disease burden across the world. Despite preventative therapies, such as influenza vaccination to reduce its spread and transmission, influenza continues to be a source of morbidity and mortality, even in developed countries. For the population over the age of 65, the effects of influenza virus may be more severe when they are compounded by pre-existing conditions and reduced natural immune function.In light of plateauing vaccination rates, a scoping review was conducted to map the literature and determine why seniors aged 65 and above refuse or fail to receive seasonal influenza vaccination. Nine peer-reviewed academic databases covering both social sciences and medical research were searched, along with the grey literature. A total of 6562 references were identified; after the screening process, 118 references were included in the final review. Thematic analysis focused on the broad areas that positively or negatively influence older adults’ decision-making regarding influenza vaccination, and this resulted in five main themes: (1) barriers to obtaining vaccination; (2) social factors; (3) personal characteristics; (4) individual subjectivity; and (5) direct clinical interventions.This review aims to identify gaps in knowledge and synthesize currently available information to make recommendations for future research, policy development and clinical practice. Increasing the vaccination rate among Canadian older adults will contribute to ongoing efforts to reduce the spread of the influenza virus among the population, reducing influenza-associated hospital admissions and deaths.
ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES (ACES) AND PARTICIPATION IN ROUTINE HEALTH SCREENING AMONG OLDER INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Baniya Ganesh , Rai Vijaya Tamla 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are a collective term used to define traumatic events before the age of 18. Individuals with ACEs are at risk for various negative health behaviors and chronic diseases. Routine screenings help in early detection of the disease and minimize the impact of the disease, disability, early death, and higher medical costs. Research on ACEs focusing exclusively on older population has received inadequate attention. Additionally, it is not clear whether different types of childhood adversities impact older individuals to participate in routine health screenings. This study included 3997 individuals above 65 years from the 2015 Texas Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to examine the prevalence of ACEs and their health screening practices. The dependent variable was participating in routine health checkup in the past year and 8 ACEs were the independent variables where gender, age, race, and having a personal doctor were controlled. Logistic regression models showed that prevalence of four ACEs (Physical, sexual, and emotional abuses and parental divorce/separation) were likely to reduce older individuals’ participation in routine checkup in the past year. Similarly, older individuals with personal doctor were twice more likely to visit for routine checkup compared to those without personal doctor. Lastly, older Black individuals were less likely to participate in routine checkup than their White counterparts. This study provided preliminary results to consider the impact of specific ACEs in routine health screening behaviors among older individuals. Future research might benefit from longitudinal study examining causal relationship between ACEs and health behaviors.
NURSING HOME STAFF’S PERCEPTIONS AND EXPERIENCES COLLABORATING WITH HOSPICE
Authors: Beltran Susanny , Conner Norma , Reres Adam , Beato Morris 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hospice has been associated with improved outcomes for terminally-ill patients and families, including in pain management, care satisfaction, and rates of hospitalizations. In 2016, 1/3 of Medicare hospice beneficiaries died in nursing homes (NH). The responsibilities for meeting the needs of the NH resident receiving hospice are shared by the NH staff and hospice team, making good communication and coordination of services between providers critical to the successful delivery of services. This exploratory study surveyed NH direct care and administrative staff about their perceptions of hospice, and barriers to collaboration. A total of 66 NH staff completed the online survey. The sample was 62.1% direct care staff (e.g., social work, nursing) and 37.8% administrators, predominately female (75%), non-Hispanic-white (43.9%), and employed full-time (87.8%). Over half of the NHs were non-profit organizations (56.1%). Respondents had on average 33.8 hours of hospice education and held positive hospice attitudes, with 76% strongly agreeing that hospice should be an option regardless of setting, and 87.8% believing they could collaborate with hospice toward the goal of a “good death.” Although participants cited barriers to hospice related to COVID-19, this was not associated with overall hospice attitudes. Respondents cited resistance from family as the primary barrier to hospice, indicating lack of knowledge and a need for family education. They also cited concerns surrounding duplication of roles. Family members in previous studies have identified care allocation as a challenge, based on expectations that hospice would bring additional contact/services instead of replacing NH services. Implications will be discussed.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYMENT AND ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY IN JAPANESE COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Fujiwara Yoshinori , Seino Satoshi , Nofuji Yu , Yokoyama Yuri , Abe Takumi , Hata Toshiki , Shinkai Shoji , Kitamura Akihiko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It is well known that social contribution such as working maintains the functional health and prevents frailty of older adults. However, the effect of employment in old age with frailty on health outcomes is not well-established.This 3.6-year prospective study examined the influence of working on all-cause mortality in urban community-dwelling Japanese older adults. Participants were 10,591 initially non-disabled residents (5,180 men; 5,411 women) aged 65–84 years of Ota City, Tokyo, Japan. We applied the Cox proportional hazard model by gender and with/without frailty, controlling for age, years of education, equivalent income, number of chronic diseases, body mass index, instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), smoking and drinking status, exercise habits, social activities, and social interaction for evaluating the predictive value of working status (full-time worker, part time worker, occasional worker and non-worker) at baseline for all-cause mortality.During a follow-up of 3.6 years, 328 (3.1%) individuals died. Compared with non-workers, independent multivariate-hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of part-time workers for all-cause mortality in men with/without frailty were 0.35 (0.13–0.97) and 0.54 (0.28–1.01), respectively. Corresponding female multivariate-adjusted HRs with/without frailty were 1.21 (0.34–4.34) and 0.23 (0.05–0.99). Also, for both genders, full-time workers and occasional workers did not have significantly lower adjusted hazard ratios of all-cause mortality, compared to non-workers, regardless of frailty. In conclusion, moderate employment resulted in lower risk of all-cause mortality, even in frail older men.
NUMERACY SKILL USE AMONG MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER WORKERS IN THE US
Authors: Yamashita Takashi , Narine Donnette , Helsinger Abigail , Punksungka Wonmai , Cummins Phyllis , Kramer Jenna , Karam Rita , Smith Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In numeric information-rich societies, numeracy is essential both at work and in everyday life (e.g., calculating a budget). Numeracy skills generally decline with aging. Thus, among middle-aged and older workers, maintaining and improving numeracy skills is crucial to securing employment as well as managing everyday life. One of the counteracting strategies is to practice numeracy. However, little is known about how and what kinds of numeracy skills are used among older workers. We analyzed a nationally representative sample of U.S. workers aged 45 to 74 (n = 3,850) from the 2012/2014/2017 Program for International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) restricted-use-file. Six dichotomous numeracy use indicators (e.g., calculating a budget, using advanced statistics) at work and in everyday life were considered. Survey weighted latent class analysis (LCA) identified three subgroups with distinctive numeracy skill use patterns, including ubiquitous (both at work and in everyday life) users, occupational users, and non-users. For example, calculating a budget was common both in non-users (40%) and ubiquitous users (84%), whereas uncommon among occupational users (25%). Also, only ubiquitous users practiced advanced math and statistics (14%), while others did not (nearly 0%). The subsequent regression analysis revealed that higher educational attainment, higher income, certain racial group (i.e., Whites), and better self-rated health were associated with greater numeracy skill use. The lack of numeracy skill use leads to lower skill levels and, in turn, social and economic disadvantages in later life. In addition to more detailed LCA results interpretations, possible policy and educational interventions are evaluated.
TRAJECTORIES OF INFORMAL AND FORMAL SOCIAL PARTICIPATION AFTER RETIREMENT
Authors: Lim-Soh Jeremy , Ang Shannon , Malhotra Rahul 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Literature suggests that social participation, a component of successful ageing, declines on average after retirement, but to whom does this experience apply? We sought to identify contrasting longitudinal trajectories of social participation after retirement, and their associated individual-level correlates. Seven waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing provided data on the informal and formal social participation, measured by frequencies of meeting a friend and attending a group respectively, of individuals 45 years and older who left work. Group-based trajectory modeling captured heterogenous changes over time in social participation after retirement. Multinomial logit regressions estimated individual-level correlates of the trajectories, including whether the individual returns to work. While a sizeable minority of respondents did experience decreasing trajectories of informal (17%) and formal (23%) participation, a majority exhibited stable trajectories of either type of social participation, and some experienced increasing formal (9%) participation. Employment type, age, gender, education, marital status, region, health, and economic satisfaction were associated with the trajectories. Returning to work, versus stopping work for an extended period, was associated with moderate stable or increasing trajectories of social participation. The findings challenge the belief that decline in social participation is the norm after retirement. They underscore the presence of heterogenous experiences of social participation after retirement, and identify vulnerable sub-groups that do experience decline. Furthermore, as returning to work may be beneficial for social participation, future studies should examine ways in which bridge employment can support successful aging.
STRESSOR REACTIVITY DEPENDS ON THE CORTISOL AWAKENING RESPONSE AND REACTIVITY TO WORK OVERLOAD
Authors: Hughes MacKenzie , Hertzog Christopher , Neupert Shevaun , Moffat Scott 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) was used to understand the influence of individual differences in stress reactivity measured by the Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale (PSRS) and the cortisol awakening response (CAR) on emotional reactivity to stressors, operationalized as the within-person change in negative affect (NA) associated with stressor exposure. Five times per day for 10 days, 178 working adults ages 20-80 years old (M = 49.22, SD = 19.07) reported in EMAs their current NA and whether they had experienced a stressor since the previous survey. During the same period, participants provided seven salivary cortisol samples per day. Samples collected at awakening and 30-minutes post-awakening were used to calculate the CAR. Steeper CARs are hypothesized to have a role in preparing individuals to cope with upcoming daily demands. Before the EMA period, participants completed the PSRS, including its Work Overload Reactivity subscale. Multilevel models revealed a significant 3-way interaction between Stressor Exposure x CAR x Work Overload Reactivity predicting daily NA. Individuals with high Work Overload generally reported greater NA, regardless of stressor exposure or the magnitude of their CAR. Individuals with low Work Overload reported lower levels of NA on days they experienced more stressors than usual and had steeper CARs. Effects remained significant after controlling for neuroticism and the Perceived Stress Scale. Findings suggest the CAR’s potential role of preparing individuals for upcoming demands is moderated by work-related stress reactivity. Steeper CARs on days with more stressor exposure may provide enhanced emotional benefits for individuals low in workload reactivity.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NURSING HOME IT MATURITY AND UTIS AMONG LONG-TERM NH RESIDENTS
Authors: Alexander Gregory 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Prof. Alexander will present a study linking national nursing home (NH) health information technology (HIT) to quality. This research explores relationships between NH HIT maturity and UTIs examined during a repeated cross-sectional study over 4 consecutive years (2013-2017). HIT maturity represents the diversity of technology use in NHs. Researchers conducted bivariate and multivariate regressions using MDS 3.0 resident assessments and post stratified survey weights controlling for NH characteristics. Our sample included 816 NHs. These NHs had 219,730 regular NH resident assessments within 90 days of a survey, representing 80,322 unique NH residents. Of these assessments, 4.1% recorded a UTI. In the multivariate analyses, administrative HIT capabilities was associated with lower odds of UTI (AOR: 0.906, 95% CI: 0.843, 0.973), controlling for covariates. Integration of administrative HIT systems may relieve the burden of tracing UTIs, data documentation and record retrieval affording NH staff time to focus their efforts on clinical care.