bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Community Efforts to Care for Animals During Climate Disasters: Experiences and Recommendations from an Australian Bushfire Affected Region
Authors: Sturman Anna , Celermajer Danielle , MacDonald Freya , Verlie Blanche , Heenan Natasha , Schlosberg David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Formal disaster prevention, preparation, risk management, and response remain highly anthropocentric, with non-human animals afforded minimal attention, resourcing, and support. This article reports on informal community efforts to care for non-human animals during and after the 2019/2020 “Black Summer” bushfires in Australia, when over three billion animals were killed, injured, or displaced. We conducted 56 in-depth interviews with community members, government officials, and experts, and ran four full day workshops with community members to investigate: how communities sought to protect and care for domesticated, farmed, and wild animals; the factors that facilitated and impeded their efforts; and the changes they believed would lead to better outcomes for animals in disasters in the future. Key findings are that: human communities understood and treated non-human animals as part of their communities; humans went to extraordinary lengths to care for and rescue animals; these efforts were largely invisible to, and unsupported—even condemned—by formal emergency management agencies. We conclude that human-centric emergency and disaster management policies are at odds with community values and behaviors. We argue that disaster management must evolve to accommodate and support the realities of community-based rather than individual-based approaches, and must simultaneously expand to consider communities as multispecies.
Studying the Behavior of Cast and Thermally Treated α + β -Titanium Alloys Using the Abbott Firestone Technique
Authors: Awad Ahmed H. , Elsayed Ayman , Farahat Ahmed I. Z. , El-Hadad Shimaa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-7Nb alloys were melted by an electric arc furnace, followed by tailored heat treatment routes in this study. The temperatures and cooling rates factors affecting the microstructural evolution, phase content and texture, and mechanical properties were evaluated. Thus far, the relationship between microstructure features, surface texture, and corresponding properties of as-cast and thermally treated alloys has not been completely understood. The results of this study revealed that the cooling rate and treatment temperatures significantly affect the properties and amount of phase transformation. Moreover, an approach utilizing bearing area curves (BAC) called Abbott Firestone curves were used to relate the surface texture to the phase content. Among the Ti67 alloys investigated, treatment at 1070 °C for 1 hour and water quenching followed by aging at 550 °C for 4 h followed by furnace cooling to 200 °C, then air cooling to room temperature exhibited the highest ultimate compressive strength (1423.7 MPa), consisting of ω phase along with α and β phases due to the precipitation hardening mechanism.

Graphical Abstract
Modules over orders, conjugacy classes of integral matrices, and abelian varieties over finite fields
Authors: Marseglia Stefano 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We give an algorithm to compute representatives of the conjugacy classes of semisimple square integral matrices with given minimal and characteristic polynomials. We also give an algorithm to compute the

$$\mathbb {F}_q$$

F
q

-isomorphism classes of abelian varieties over a finite field

$$\mathbb {F}_q$$

F
q

which belong to an isogeny class determined by a characteristic polynomial h of Frobenius when h is ordinary, or q is prime and h has no real roots.
Temporal Word Embeddings for Early Detection of Psychological Disorders on Social Media
Authors: Couto Manuel , Perez Anxo , Parapar Javier , Losada David E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Mental health disorders represent a public health challenge, where early detection is critical to mitigating adverse outcomes for individuals and society. The study of language and behavior is a pivotal component in mental health research, and the content from social media platforms serves as a valuable tool for identifying signs of mental health risks. This paper presents a novel framework leveraging temporal word embeddings to capture linguistic changes over time. We specifically aim at at identifying emerging psychological concerns on social media. By adapting temporal word representations, our approach quantifies shifts in language use that may signal mental health risks. To that end, we implement two alternative temporal word embedding models to detect linguistic variations and exploit these variations to train early detection classifiers. Our experiments, conducted on 18 datasets from the eRisk initiative (covering signs of conditions such as depression, anorexia, and self-harm), show that simple models focusing exclusively on temporal word usage patterns achieve competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art systems. Additionally, we perform a word-level analysis to understand the evolution of key terms among positive and control users. These findings underscore the potential of time-sensitive word models in this domain, being a promising avenue for future research in mental health surveillance.
Agent-Based Behavioral Modeling of Human Associative Learning in a Complex Approach-Avoidance Conflict Task
Authors: Usée Franziska , Schmidt Sebastian , Melzig Christiane A. , Ostwald Dirk 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite its key role in the development, maintenance, and treatment of anxiety disorders, the detailed mechanisms of human avoidance learning remain elusive. To contribute to the understanding of avoidance learning, we here report on a novel approach-avoidance conflict task that requires participants to learn associations between complex visual stimuli and combined appetitive and aversive stimuli while actively engaging with the experimental environment. Using an agent-based behavioral modeling approach, we implemented and validated an extensive set of control, heuristic, Rescorla-Wagner learning-based, and hybrid agents. We show that a Rescorla-Wagner learning-based agent with a prior expectation bias parameter best explains the learning behavior of 50 participants. As such, our work complements current research on the computational underpinnings of approach-avoidance behavior by showing paradigm and task instruction dependencies in approach-avoidance-relevant associative learning and contributes to the overall aim of achieving a more fine-grained understanding of the etiology of anxiety disorders.
Distribution of plant pathogenic Aphanomyces species in Sweden, Denmark and Lithuania and its relationship with soil factors
Authors: Wikström Josefin , Chaudhary Sidhant , Persson Lars , Wikström Mariann , Fatehi Jamshid , Karlsson Magnus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Three species of Aphanomyces, A. euteiches, A. cochlioides and A. cladogamus are devastating agricultural plant pathogens causing root rot disease on pea, sugar beet and spinach, respectively. Here we investigated the distribution of the three Aphanomyces species in parts of Sweden, Denmark and Lithuania using climate chamber soil bioassays, and tested for correlations with macronutrient levels in the soil. Aphanomyces euteiches was the most widespread pathogen found in 28% of the tested samples in Sweden and Denmark, while A. cochlioides had a more limited distribution, and was found in 22% of the samples. Aphanomyces cladogamus was only detected in Sweden and was present in 16% of the tested samples. Aphanomyces euteiches only infected pea plants, while A. cochlioides and A. cladogamus infected both sugar beet and spinach. There were significant (P < 0.001) differences in disease severity index (DSI) between regions, pathogens and for the interaction between regions and crops. Soil calcium (Ca) content ranged from 82 to 3600 mg/100 g dry soil. No species of Aphanomyces was detected in soils with Ca levels above 250 mg/100 g soil, indicating a pathogen-suppressive effect from calcium. Similar results were observed from 1350 soil samples collected from commercial pea growing fields, as DSI values on pea remained very low (below 20 on a 0–100 scale) in soil samples with confirmed presence of A. euteiches and a Ca value above 210 mg/100 g soil. High Ca levels was a significant (P < 0.05) predictor for low probability of presence of Aphanomyces spp. in soil.
Bracing effectiveness in idiopathic early onset scoliosis followed to skeletal maturity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Bellamy Matthew , Tung Wei Shao , Jayasuriya Raveen , Hind Daniel , Swaby Lizzie , Totton Nikki , Cole Ashley 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Treating idiopathic Early Onset Scoliosis (idiopathic EOS) is challenging due to ongoing growth and extensive follow-ups. While bracing is effective for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS), its value for children under 10 remains debated. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of spinal bracing in idiopathic EOS, followed to skeletal maturity.

Methods
We searched Ovid Medline and Web of Science until November 1st, 2023. Studies included idiopathic EOS patients between the ages of 3 and 10 (corresponding to Juvenile Idiopathic Scoliosis), followed to skeletal maturity, with no more than 25% initiating bracing after age 11. The primary outcome was the percentage undergoing scoliosis surgery. Pooled outcomes were calculated using a random effects model and 95% confidence intervals.

Results
Out of 417 studies, 15 met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 868 patients. All were observational with a high risk of bias. The pooled percentage of patients undergoing surgery was 40% (95% CI 27–55%). The percentage of patients with a 5-degree progression or more and those progressing beyond 45 degrees were 44% (95% CI 24–66%) and 33% (95% CI 17–54%), respectively. Factors including larger initial Cobb angles, younger age, smaller in-brace correction, and poor compliance were identified as progression risk factors.

Conclusions
Bracing may prevent progression to surgery in idiopathic EOS when initiated early, but progression and surgery are still more common compared to adolescents. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis looking at the success of bracing in idiopathic EOS, followed up to skeletal maturity. The high bias and variability of included studies limit the strength of these conclusions, highlighting the need for high-quality research with innovative trial designs.

Level of evidence
IV (systematic review of level IV studies).
Zetetic intransigence and democratic participation
Authors: Joshi Hrishikesh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A pervasive feature of democracy is disagreement. In general, when we encounter disagreement from someone who is at least more reliable than chance, this puts some pressure on us to moderate our beliefs. But this raises the specter of asymmetric compliance – it’s not obvious what to do when we moderate our beliefs but the other party refuses to do so. Whereas an elegant solution is available when it comes to how we can respond to our higher-order evidence while still preserving democratic fairness, I argue that no such solution is forthcoming when we consider zetetic intransigence – that is, asymmetric compliance with regard to how we inquire, or gather evidence. The upshot is that democratic participation can involve messy trade-offs with no entirely satisfactory resolution.
On properties of effective topological complexity and effective Lusternik–Schnirelmann category
Authors: Błaszczyk Zbigniew , Baro Arturo Espinosa , Viruel Antonio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The notion of effective topological complexity, introduced by Błaszczyk and Kaluba, deals with using group actions in the configuration space in order to reduce the complexity of the motion planning algorithm. In this article, we focus on studying several properties of this notion of topological complexity. We introduce a notion of effective LS category which mimics the behaviour the usual LS category has in the non-effective setting. We use it to investigate the relationship between these effective invariants and the orbit map with respect to the group action, and we give numerous examples. Additionally, we investigate non-vanishing criteria based on a cohomological dimension bound of the saturated diagonal.
Divine action in the flesh: A cognitive linguistic evaluation of Pannenberg's theology
Authors: Feng Jacob Chengwei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper aims to examine Wolfhart Pannenberg's theology of divine action using the conceptual framework of cognitive linguistics. Central to this exploration is Pannenberg's use of the scientific concept of force field in an analogical/metaphorical way, enabling him to present a trinitarian-pneumatological understanding of divine action through divine omniscience and omnipresence. This paper argues that, despite justified criticisms of Pannenberg's reliance on Faraday's outdated concept of a universal force field, recent developments in cognitive linguistics affirm the legitimacy of Pannenberg's panentheistic metaphorical approach to the theology of divine action while calling for revisions.
An outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotype O103:H2 associated with unpasteurized soft cheese, England and Wales, 2022
Authors: Heinsbroek Ellen , Blakey Eleanor , Simpson Alex , Verlander Neville Q , Greig David R. , Jorgensen Frieda , Nelson Andrew , Douglas Amy , Balasegaram Sooria , Jenkins Claire , Elson Richard 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In July 2022, a genetically linked and geographically dispersed cluster of 12 cases of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O103:H2 was detected by the UK Health Security Agency using whole genome sequencing. Review of food history questionnaires identified cheese (particularly an unpasteurized brie-style cheese) and mixed salad leaves as potential vehicles. A case–control study was conducted to investigate exposure to these products. Case food history information was collected by telephone. Controls were recruited using a market research panel and self-completed an online questionnaire. Univariable and multivariable analyses were undertaken using Firth Logistic Regression. Eleven cases and 24 controls were included in the analysis. Consumption of the brie-style cheese of interest was associated with illness (OR 57.5, 95% confidence interval: 3.10–1,060). Concurrently, the production of the brie-style cheese was investigated. Microbiological sample results for the cheese products and implicated dairy herd did not identify the outbreak strain, but did identify the presence of stx genes and STEC, respectively. Together, epidemiological, microbiological, and environmental investigations provided evidence that the brie-style cheese was the vehicle for this outbreak. Production of unpasteurized dairy products was suspended by the business operator, and a review of practices was performed.
Increasing Public Support for Transgender Rights through Superordinate LGBT+ Rights Framing: Evidence from a US Survey Experiment on Transgender Participation in Sports
Authors: Whitt Sam , Yanus Alixandra B. , Setzler Mark , McDonald Brian , Ballingrud Gordon , Coleman Tyler 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
We consider how LGBT+ legal rights frameworks, broadly construed, can be used to bolster support within the general public for transgender subgroup rights. Our research is informed by theoretical perspectives on appeals to superordinate identities to reduce prejudice. Based on a survey experiment in the United States, we find that framing a salient transgender advocacy issue—transgender participation in sports—within a broader LGBT+ legal rights framework increases public support for transgender inclusion in sports. There is a nearly 10 percentage-point increase in support, including among partisan Republicans, when transgender rights in sports are preceded by priming and framing around the more general LGBT+ rights struggle. Our results underscore the importance of broader LGBT+ rights advocacy to public acceptance of the transgender community.
Historical Paths and Contemporary Evolution of Sharia-Compliant Finance in Central Asian Regions
Authors: Thommandru Abhishek , Rakhmanov Abdumukhtor , Tillaboev Shokhrukhbek , Mone Varda 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis research paper has been complied by Abhishek Thommandru, Abdumukhtor Rakhmanov, Shokhrukhbek Tillaboev and Varda Mone. It explores the historical trajectories and modern dynamics of Islamic financial law in Central Asia, a region characterised by a rich tapestry of cultural influences and a predominantly Muslim population. The paper traces the evolution of Islamic finance from its roots in Sharia principles, such as the avoidance of riba, gharar, and maysir, to its current sophisticated framework that promotes equity, transparency, and social welfare. The unique blend of traditional practices and modern regulations in Central Asian Islamic financial jurisprudence is examined, along with the factors driving the industry's growth, including increasing awareness, regulatory support, and integration with global markets.The paper also delves into the key principles underpinning Islamic financial institutions, such as the prohibition of interest, risk-sharing, and asset-backed financing, and discusses the progress made by Central Asian countries in establishing regulatory frameworks, Shariah compliance oversight, and legal infrastructure. The development of Islamic banking practices, capital markets and takaful in the region is also explored, highlighting the availability of Sharia-compliant products and services. However, the challenges of harmonising Islamic and conventional laws, ensuring consistent Shariah interpretation, and establishing effective dispute resolution mechanisms are also addressed.The economic impact of Islamic finance in promoting financial inclusion, attracting investments, and fostering stability is also analysed, along with the influence of cultural considerations, social welfare, and ethical investing on the acceptance and growth of Islamic finance in Central Asia. Case studies from Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan are presented to illustrate successful implementation strategies. The paper concludes by emphasising the potential for Islamic finance to drive sustainable economic development in Central Asia and the need for ongoing research, collaboration, and policy support to navigate the complex dynamics of this evolving field. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the historical trajectories and modern dynamics of Islamic financial law in Central Asia, providing valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers in this rapidly growing sector.
The Political Uses of Semiotic Indeterminacy
Authors: Gershon Ilana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The authors in this collection start with the insight that not all instances of semiotic indeterminacy are produced in the same way, that they can be located differently in the process of semiosis, and this fact shapes how and when semiotic indeterminacy is deployed by formulators and interpreters. The authors explore patterned uses of semiotic indeterminacy in Brazil, Bulgaria, Iran, and the United States to examine the role indeterminacy plays in institutional attempts at control and persuasion.
Mgl2+ cDC2s coordinate fungal allergic airway type 2, but not type 17, inflammation in mice
Authors: Cook Peter C. , Brown Sheila L. , Houlder Emma L. , Furlong-Silva Julio , Conn Daniel P. , Colombo Stefano A. P. , Baker Syed , Svedberg Freya R. , Howell Gareth , Bertuzzi Margherita , Boon Louis , Konkel Joanne E. , Thornton Christopher R. , Allen Judith E. , MacDonald Andrew S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Fungal spores are abundant in the environment and a major cause of asthma. Originally characterised as a type 2 inflammatory disease, allergic airway inflammation that underpins asthma can also involve type 17 inflammation, which can exacerbate disease causing failure of treatments tailored to inhibit type 2 factors. However, the mechanisms that determine the host response to fungi, which can trigger both type 2 and type 17 inflammation in allergic airway disease, remain unclear. Here we find that CD11c+ DCs and CD4+ T cells are essential for development of both type 2 and type 17 airway inflammation in mice repeatedly exposed to inhaled spores. Single cell RNA-sequencing with further multi-parameter cytometry shows that allergic inflammation dramatically alters the proportion of numerous DC clusters in the lung, but that only two of these (Mgl2+ cDC2s and CCR7+ DCs) migrate to the dLNs. Targeted removal of several DC subsets shows that Mgl2+ cDC2 depletion reduces type 2, but not type 17, fungal allergic airway inflammation. These data highlight distinct DC subsets as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of pulmonary fungal disease.
Telomerase RNA structural heterogeneity in living human cells detected by DMS-MaPseq
Authors: Forino Nicholas M. , Woo Jia Zheng , Zaug Arthur J. , Jimenez Arcelia Gonzalez , Edelson Eva , Cech Thomas R. , Rouskin Silvi , Stone Michael D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Biogenesis of human telomerase requires its RNA subunit (hTR) to fold into a multi-domain architecture that includes the template-pseudoknot (t/PK) and the three-way junction (CR4/5). These hTR domains bind the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) protein and are essential for telomerase activity. Here, we probe hTR structure in living cells using dimethyl sulfate mutational profiling with sequencing (DMS-MaPseq) and ensemble deconvolution analysis. Approximately 15% of the steady state population of hTR has a CR4/5 conformation lacking features required for hTERT binding. The proportion of hTR CR4/5 folded into the primary functional conformation is independent of hTERT expression levels. Mutations that stabilize the alternative CR4/5 conformation are detrimental to telomerase assembly and activity. Moreover, the alternative CR4/5 conformation is not found in purified telomerase RNP complexes, supporting the hypothesis that only the primary CR4/5 conformer is active. We propose that this misfolded portion of the cellular hTR pool is either slowly refolded or degraded, suggesting that kinetic RNA folding traps studied in vitro may also hinder ribonucleoprotein assembly in vivo.
The molecular basis of Human FN3K mediated phosphorylation of glycated substrates
Authors: Garg Ankur , On Kin Fan , Xiao Yang , Elkayam Elad , Cifani Paolo , David Yael , Joshua-Tor Leemor 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Glycation, a non-enzymatic post-translational modification occurring on proteins, can be actively reversed via site-specific phosphorylation of the fructose-lysine moiety by FN3K kinase, to impact the cellular function of the target protein. A regulatory axis between FN3K and glycated protein targets has been associated with conditions like diabetes and cancer. However, the molecular basis of this relationship has not been explored so far. Here, we determined a series of crystal structures of HsFN3K in the apo-state, and in complex with different nucleotide analogs together with a sugar substrate mimic to reveal the features important for its kinase activity and substrate recognition. Additionally, the dynamics in sugar substrate binding during the kinase catalytic cycle provide important mechanistic insights into HsFN3K function. Our structural work provides the molecular basis for rational small molecule design targeting FN3K.