bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological evaluation following development of new and persistent left bundle branch block after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A single center pilot study
Authors: Patel Hiren , Tsai Christina , Atallah Issam , Ahmad Ali , Bedi Rohil , Golemi Lolita , Mikhail Salwa , Karickal Jissmaria , Azrak Elie , Bishara Sam , Harjai Kishore , Bauer Christopher , Hussein Ahmed , Gopinathannair Rakesh , Mar Philip L 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionNew and persistent left bundle branch block (NP‐LBBB) following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is an ongoing concern with incidence ranging from as low as 4% to up to 65% (varying for different types of valves). Such patients are at risk of developing high‐grade atrioventricular block (HAVB) warranting permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation. However, currently, there are no consensus guidelines or large prospective studies to risk stratify these patients for safer discharge after TAVR.ObjectivesTo provide insight from a single center study on using modified electrophysiology (EP) study to risk stratify post‐TAVR patients to outpatient monitoring for low‐risk versus pacemaker implantation for high‐risk patients.Methods and ResultsBetween June 2020 and March 2023, all patients who underwent a TAVR procedure (324 patients) at our institution were screened for development of NP‐LBBB post‐operatively. Out of 26 patients who developed NP‐LBBB, after a pre‐specified period of observation, 18 patients were deemed eligible for a modified EP study to assess His‐Ventricular (HV) interval. 11 out of 18 patients (61.1%) had normal HV interval (HV < 55 ms). Three out of 18 patients (16.7%) had HV prolongation (55 ms < HV < 70 ms) without significant HV prolongation (defined as an increase in HV interval > 30%) with intra‐procedural procainamide challenge. Four out of 18 patients (22.2%) had significant HV prolongation (HV > 70 ms) warranting PPM implantation based on a multidisciplinary approach and shared decision‐making with the patients. Total of 50% of patients discharged with PPM (two out of four patients) were noted to be pacemaker dependent based on serial device interrogations. All patients who did not receive PPM were discharged with ambulatory monitoring with 30‐day event monitor and did not develop HAVB on serial follow‐up.ConclusionNormal HV interval up to 55 ms on modified EP study after TAVR and development of NP‐LBBB can be utilized as a threshold for risk stratification to facilitate safe discharge. The optimal upper limit of HV interval threshold remains unclear in determining appropriate candidacy for PPM.
Closed system production of serum eye drops using dockable saline
Authors: Kirwan Susy , Kwan Patrick S. L. , So Ronald , Tuinukuafe Alice 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA fully closed system solution to manufacture serum eye drops using diluted serum has remained elusive, necessitating production steps to mitigate bacterial contamination risks in a clean suite environment, hampering production efficiency amid growing demand. We describe our recent implementation of a fully closed manufacturing process at New Zealand Blood Service.Materials and MethodsA dockable format for sterile saline manufactured to custom specifications configured with a 15‐cm tubing to enable sterile connections was sourced from a local pharmaceutical manufacturer.ResultsFrom a total of 30,168 eye drop vials manufactured since implementation, the average production time was reduced by up to 45% performed in the general laboratory environment, attributed to eliminating processes performed in a clean suite. No bacterial contamination was observed, demonstrating robust sterile connections.ConclusionDockable saline takes serum eye drops manufactured from a functionally closed system to a fully closed system, thereby enhancing patient safety, significantly reducing manufacturing time and cost and transforming production from a highly restrictive process into a portable workflow that is simple, practical and effective.
Intrafusal cross‐bridge dynamics shape history‐dependent muscle spindle responses to stretch
Authors: Simha Surabhi N. , Ting Lena H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractComputational models can be critical to linking complex properties of muscle spindle organs to the sensory information that they encode during behaviours such as postural sway and locomotion where few muscle spindle recordings exist. Here, we augment a biophysical muscle spindle model to predict the muscle spindle sensory signal. Muscle spindles comprise several intrafusal muscle fibres with varied myosin expression and are innervated by sensory neurons that fire during muscle stretch. We demonstrate how cross‐bridge dynamics from thick and thin filament interactions affect the sensory receptor potential at the spike initiating region. Equivalent to the Ia afferent's instantaneous firing rate, the receptor potential is modelled as a linear sum of the force and rate change of force (yank) of a dynamic bag1 fibre and the force of a static bag2/chain fibre. We show the importance of inter‐filament interactions in (i) generating large changes in force at stretch onset that drive initial bursts and (ii) faster recovery of bag fibre force and receptor potential following a shortening. We show how myosin attachment and detachment rates qualitatively alter the receptor potential. Finally, we show the effect of faster recovery of receptor potential on cyclic stretch–shorten cycles. Specifically, the model predicts history‐dependence in muscle spindle receptor potentials as a function of inter‐stretch interval (ISI), pre‐stretch amplitude and the amplitude of sinusoidal stretches. This model provides a computational platform for predicting muscle spindle response in behaviourally relevant stretches and can link myosin expression seen in healthy and diseased intrafusal muscle fibres to muscle spindle function.
Failure Analysis of Once-Through Steam Generator (OTSG) Tube
Authors: Tina Wahida , Donaldson Elizabeth , Dickinson Thomas E. , Schmidt William Hal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The once-through steam generator (OTSG) produces superheated steam using purified feed water. The plant-specific water quality, steam quality, high temperature, and pressure operations lead to the leakage of the OTSG tubes with economic, safety, and environmental consequences. Tube leakage is one of the most frequent causes of OTSG tube failure. A leaking tube was discovered within the OTSG unit of the 110 MW cogeneration plant. The failed section of the tube was removed from the steam generator. Several metallurgical examinations of this tube segment were performed to identify the failure mode and cause. A portion of the tube was analyzed using optical emission spectroscopy (OES) to determine the alloy composition. The results confirmed that the tubing was fabricated from a material consistent with chemical specifications for ASME Specification SB 407 Inconel Alloy 800 (UNS N08800). Glass bead blasting was used to determine the deposit-weight-density (DWD). The DWD value was a maximum of 5.1 g/ft2. The maximum internal deposit thickness was 0.002 in. No evidence of overheating was observed. Scanning electron microscope-energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (SEM-EDXA) was used to determine the elemental composition of the internal deposits. The results indicated that the internal gray deposits primarily comprised iron, chromium, and nickel compounds. There were also fewer amounts of sodium, silicon, aluminum, potassium, and calcium species. The subject tube failure involved a through-wall crack that occurred as stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Additions of caustic solution used in OTSG water treatment practices potentially induced corrosive substances into the tube.
Thermodynamic and Thermo-Economic Analysis of a Solar-Integrated Double-Turbine Kalina Cycle for Varying Solar Flux Conditions
Authors: Parvathy S. Devi , Varghese James 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Kalina cycle is established as a reliable low-grade energy cycle working on solar, geothermal, and other waste heat recovery sources. This work aims to develop a novel methodology for optimizing a Kalina cycle according to the solar irradiation. A comprehensive analysis of performance is conducted by varying the parameters of the Kalina system, modeled with high- and low-pressure turbines. The present work implements and analyzes the performance of a multi turbine Kalina cycle with cylindrical parabolic collectors for energy input at different time, on a particular day, for a location. The proposed cycle is modeled to simulate the working. The dependency of parameters—separator pressure, concentration of ammonia in boiler, intermediate separator temperature and vapor fraction at condenser side turbine exit—on the system performance is investigated. Optimization is conducted using genetic algorithm with net power as objective function for different solar irradiations. The optimized power values are 282.62, 246.75, 222.31, and 180.0 kW for solar influxes 507.7, 461.8, 413.9, and 321.0 W/m2 respectively. The results show that the proposed model can be adopted for better performance. A thermo-economic analysis of an optimized output is conducted to conclude on capital investment and operation cost for sustainable power production. The analysis yields highest cost rate of exergy destruction of 58936.41$/year for the boiler. The investment cost of the turbines together is 89% of the total capital investment, and hence, thermo-economic factor is highest for these components.
Higher habitual lying time is inversely associated with vagal-related heart rate variability outcomes in younger adults
Authors: O'Brien Myles W. , Schwartz Beverly D. , Shivgulam Madeline E. , Daley W. Seth , Frayne Ryan J. , Kimmerly Derek S. 
Published: July 2023

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a well-established noninvasive marker of autonomic cardiac control. We test whether time spent sitting (negatively) versus lying (positively) influences vagal HRV outcomes. HRV (10 min supine electrocardiogram) and free-living postures (dual-accelerometer configuration, 7 days) were measured in 31 young healthy adults (15♀, age: 23 ± 3 years). Habitual lying (66 ± 61 min/day), but not sitting time (558 ± 109 min/day), total sedentary time (623 ± 132 min/day), nor step counts (10 752 ± 3200 steps/day; all, p > 0.090), was associated with root mean square of successive cardiac interval differences (ρ = −0.409, p = 0.022) and normalized high-frequency HRV (ρ = −0.361, p = 0.046). These findings document a paradoxical negative impact of waking lying time on cardioautonomic function.   Take home message Using a multi-accelerometer configuration, we demonstrated that more habitual waking time lying, but not sitting or total sedentary time, was associated with worse vagally mediated cardiac control.
Linear and nonlinear mechanical responses of cell monolayers under crowding
Authors: Guan Qing-Ling , Dong Li-Quan , Hao Qun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEpithelial monolayers play an important role in a broad range of physiological and pathological processes, such as embryonic development and wound healing. Epithelial monolayers become crowded during cell proliferation and growth, however, their mechanical properties entities remain obscure. This paper presents a novel and efficient method utilizing the structural stiffness matrix-based computational method (SMM) to investigate the mechanical characteristics of an epithelial monolayer as it undergoes varying degrees of crowding. Both D1-type extrusion, representing the extrusion of live cells, and D2-type extrusion, describing the extrusion of apoptotic cells, are examined. Our simulations reveal that the epithelial monolayer exhibits linear elastic behavior under slight crowding and nonlinear elastic behavior in response to overcrowding. These mechanical properties are significantly influenced by the strength of cellular cytoskeleton and the mode of cell extrusion. Moreover, our analysis indicates that the linear deformation of these monolayers is predominantly born by the variation in cell orientation, while the nonlinear deformation originates from the existence of the microtubules. This study further deepens our understanding of the relationship between the mechanical properties of cytoskeleton, individual cells and their monolayers, and may shed light on linking cell behavior to the patterning and morphogenesis of tissues.
Beyond Neoantigens: Antigens Derived from Tumor Drivers as Cancer Vaccine Targets
Authors: Crosby Erika J. , Hartman Zachary C. , Lyerly H. Kim 
Published: July 2023

SummaryA vaccine targeting HER2, a nonmutated but overexpressed tumor antigen, readily primed T cells for ex vivo expansion and adoptive transfer with minimal toxicity. This regimen led to intramolecular epitope spreading in a majority of patients and offers a treatment modality that may improve outcomes for patients with metastatic breast cancer expressing HER2.See related article by Disis et al., p. 3362
Application of Medical Image Detection Technology Based on Deep Learning in Pneumoconiosis Diagnosis
Authors: Peng Shengguang 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Pneumoconiosis is a disease characterized by pulmonary tissue deposition caused by dust exposure in the workplace. In China, due to the large number and wide distribution of pneumoconiosis patients, there is a high demand for the case data of lung biopsy during the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis. This text studied the application of medical image detection technology in pneumoconiosis diagnosis based on deep learning (DL). A medical image detection and convolution neural network (CNN) based on DL was analyzed, and the application of DL medical image technology in pneumoconiosis diagnosis was researched. The experimental results in this paper showed that in the last round of testing, the accuracy of ResNet model including deconvolution structure reached 95.2%. The area under curve (AUC) value of the working characteristics of the subject is 0.987. The sensitivity was 99.66%, and the specificity was 88.61%. The non staging diagnosis of pneumoconiosis improved the diagnostic sensitivity while ensuring high specificity. At the same time, Delong test method was used to conduct AUC analysis on the three models, and the results showed that model C was more effective than model A and model B. There is no significant difference between model A and model B, and there is no significant difference in diagnostic efficiency. In a word, the diagnosis of the model has high sensitivity and low probability of missed diagnosis, which can greatly reduce the working pressure of diagnostic doctors and effectively improve the efficiency of diagnosis.
Science as a Collective Effort: Collaboration at the Zoophysiological Laboratory 1911–1945
Authors: Lyngs Allan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper will address scientific collaboration at the Zoophysiological Laboratory during the 1911–1945 directorship of Nobel Prize winner August Krogh. Using authorship information and acknowledgments from the laboratory’s publications, this paper maps the many researchers involved in the work. In total, 193 different people contributed to the work at the Zoophysiological Laboratory. The paper further analyzes what labor, materials, ideas, and knowledge were exchanged between the individuals in the laboratory. While science has become more collaborative throughout the twentieth century, this paper underlines that collaboration was very much part of the research process in the early twentieth century.
IL-33/ST2 axis of human amnion fibroblasts participates in inflammatory reactions at parturition
Authors: Lei Wen-jia , Zhang Fan , Lin Yi-kai , Li Meng-die , Pan Fan , Sun Kang , Wang Wang-sheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Inflammation of the fetal membranes is an indispensable event of labor onset at both term and preterm birth. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is known to participate in inflammation via ST2 (suppression of tumorigenicity 2) receptor as an inflammatory cytokine. However, it remains unknown whether IL-33/ST2 axis exists in human fetal membranes to promote inflammatory reactions in parturition.

Methods
The presence of IL-33 and ST2 and their changes at parturition were examined with transcriptomic sequencing, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting or immunohistochemistry in human amnion obtained from term and preterm birth with or without labor. Cultured primary human amnion fibroblasts were utilized to investigate the regulation and the role of IL-33/ST2 axis in the inflammation reactions. A mouse model was used to further study the role of IL-33 in parturition.

Results
Although IL-33 and ST2 expression were detected in both epithelial and fibroblast cells of human amnion, they are more abundant in amnion fibroblasts. Their abundance increased significantly in the amnion at both term and preterm birth with labor. Lipopolysaccharide, serum amyloid A1 and IL-1β, the inflammatory mediators pertinent to labor onset, could all induce IL-33 expression through NF-κB activation in human amnion fibroblasts. In turn, via ST2 receptor, IL-33 induced the production of IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2 in human amnion fibroblasts via the MAPKs-NF-κB pathway. Moreover, IL-33 administration induced preterm birth in mice.

Conclusion
IL-33/ST2 axis is present in human amnion fibroblasts, which is activated in both term and preterm labor. Activation of this axis leads to increased production of inflammatory factors pertinent to parturition, and results in preterm birth. Targeting the IL-33/ST2 axis may have potential value in the treatment of preterm birth.
Influencing factors and prognostic value of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with complete occlusion of the left anterior descending artery reperfused by primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Jing Yongle , Lu Chengzhi , Guo Suzhen , Chen Bingwei , Ye Xuying , He Qiang , Xia Wei , Xin Ting 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of patients with acute anterior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (AAW-STEMI) whose left anterior descending (LAD) artery was completely occluded and reperfused by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) and to determine the influencing factors and prognostic value of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) in the acute phase of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods
A total of 304 patients with AAW-STEMI were selected. The selected patients were divided into two groups: the preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (pLVEF) group (LVEF ≥ 50%, n = 185) and the reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (rLVEF) group (LVEF < 50%, n = 119). The influencing factors of LVSD and their predictive value for LVSD were analyzed. Patients were followed up by examining outpatient records and via telephone. The predictive value of LVSD for the cardiovascular mortality of patients with AAW-STEMI was analyzed.

Results
Age, heart rate (HR) at admission, number of ST-segment elevation leads (STELs), peak creatine kinase (CK) and symptom to wire-crossing (STW) time were independent risk factors for LVSD (P < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the peak CK had the strongest predictive value for LVSD, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.742 (CI, 0.687 to 0.797) as the outcome. At a median follow-up of 47 months (interquartile range, 27 to 64 months), the Kaplan‒Meier survival curves up to 6-year follow-up revealed a total of 8 patients succumbed to cardiovascular disease, with 7 (6.54%) in the rLVEF group and 1 (0.56%) in the pLVEF group, respectively (hazard ratio: 12.11, [P = 0.02]). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated that rLVEF was an independent risk predictor of cardiovascular death in patients with AAW-STEMI discharged after PPCI (P < 0.01).

Conclusions
Age, HR at admission, number of STELs, peak CK, and STW time may be used to identify patients with a high risk of heart failure (HF) in a timely manner and initiate early standard therapy for incident LVSD in the acute phase of AAW-STEMI reperfused by PPCI. A trend toward increased cardiovascular mortality at follow-up was significantly linked to LVSD.
Research to develop a diagnostic ultrasound nomogram to predict benign or malignant lymph nodes in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Huang Chen , Shi Xia , Ma Xin , Liu Jianjian , Huang Jingjing , Deng Li , Cao Ye , Zhao Mingkun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to establish an effective ultrasound diagnostic nomogram for benign or malignant lymph nodes in HIV-infected patients.

Methods
The nomogram is based on a retrospective study of 131 HIV-infected patients who underwent ultrasound assess at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center from December 2017 to July 2022. The nomogram’s predictive accuracy and discriminative ability were determined by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve analysis. A nomogram combining the lymph node US characteristics were generated based on the multivariate logistic regression results.

Results
Predictors contained in the ultrasound diagnostic nomogram included age (OR 1.044 95%CI: 1.014–1.074 P = 0.004), number of enlarged lymph node regions (OR 5.445 95%CI: 1.139–26.029 P = 0.034), and color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) grades (OR 9.614 95%CI: 1.889–48.930 P = 0.006). The model displayed good discrimination with a C (ROC) of 0.775 and good calibration.

Conclusions
The proposed nomogram may result in more-accurate diagnostic predictions for benign or malignant lymph nodes in patients with HIV infection.
Lipid extraction and analysis of microalgae strain pectinodesmus PHM3 for biodiesel production
Authors: Kiyani Dania Akram , Maryam Shafia , Amina Sundus Jabeen , Ahmad Abdullah , Chattha Muhammad Waqas Alam , Janjua Hussnain Ahmed 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe current study is focused on the lipid extract of microalgae; Pectinodesmus strain PHM3 and its general analysis in terms of chemical contents. Combinations of both chemical and mechanistic approaches were applied to obtain the maximum yield of lipids which was recorded to be 23% per gram through continuous agitation using Folch solution. The extraction methods used in this study included: Bligh and Dyers method, Continuous agitation method, Extraction using Soxhlet and Acid base extraction method. Lipid quantification of ethanol and Folch solution lipid extract was performed through gravimetric methods and qualification was done through Fourier Transmission Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas Chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). Phytochemical analysis identified other compounds in ethanol extract and the results confirmed the presence of steroids, coumarins, tannins, phenols and carbohydrates. Transesterification of lipids showed 7% per gram dry weight yield of Pectinodesmus PHM3. GC-MS studies of extracted biodiesel suggested that 72% of biofuels was in the form of dipropyl ether, ethyl butyl ethers, methyl butyl ether and propyl butyl ether. Lipid processing of acid-base extract showed that oily nature of lipid shifted to a more precipitated form which is a common observation when mixture of lipids is converted to phosphatides.