bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of post-discharge engagement for emergency department patients with opioid use history who received telehealth recovery coaching services
Authors: Watson Dennis P. , Phalen Peter , Medcalf Spencer , Messmer Sarah , McGuire Alan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: In recent years, emergency departments (EDs) across the nation have implemented peer recovery coach (PRC) services to support patients who use opioids. The majority of such interventions discussed in the literature follow an in-person modality where PRCs engage patients directly at the emergency department bedside. However, the use of telehealth services in EDs is becoming more popular. Although these services connect PRCs with ED patients in real-time via secure communications technology, very little is known about the effectiveness of these programs as related to services and clinical outcomes. The current study sought to assess factors associated with successful post-discharge follow-up of patients with a history of opioid use who received PRC telehealth services while in the emergency department.
Method: Data come from records for 917 patients who engaged with a telehealth PRC one or more times (1,208 total engagements) at 1 of 13 emergency departments within the same health system. A multilevel Poisson regression model was used to assess the degree to which variables predicted successful post-discharge follow-up.
Results: At least one follow-up was successfully completed by a PRC for 23% of enrolled patients. Significant predictors of successful follow-up included patient employment at baseline (Incidence Rate Ratio [IRR]: 2.8, CI: 2.05–3.9), living in a rural area (IRR: 1.8, CI: 1.04–3.2), PRC provision of referrals (IRR: 1.7, CI: 1.2–2.2), number of emergency department encounters in the previous 365 days (IRR: 0.99, CI: 0.98–0.99), and duration of the initial PRC telehealth interaction (IRR: 0.87, CI: 0.85–0.88).
Conclusion: Given that relationship development is a key tool in the PRC profession, understanding successful follow-up associated with telehealth engagement has unique importance. The results have potential utility for planning and implementing peer telehealth services in EDs and other locations, which is needed for the development of the PRC profession and the likely expansion of peer telehealth services.
Investigations into Effect of Tool Rake Angle on Nanocutting Process for Zr-based Amorphous Alloy by Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Authors: Cui Xiaoqing , Liu Yin , Sun Xingwei , Gong Yadong , Dong Zhixu , Yang Heran , Yuan Zewei , Liu Weijun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The nano cutting process of Zr-based amorphous alloy was simulated by molecular dynamics simulation in this paper. Through the research on the changing rule of cutting force in nano cutting of Zr-based amorphous alloy, it is found that the cutting force increases continuously and the cutting rate is large at the initial stage of nano cutting, which may be related to the shear deformation of the atomic clusters or atomic clusters in the shear transition zone. The effect of cutting tool rake angle on nano cutting process for Zr-based amorphous alloy was studied. The simulation results show that the cutting force decreases with the increase of the rake angle of the cutting tool, and the friction coefficient between the rake face and the chip also decreases slightly. With the increase of the rake angle of the cutting tool, the pushing effect of the tool on the Zr-based amorphous alloy chip and the overall bending of the chip are weakened, leading to the increase of the chip height. The number of high-temperature atoms in the Zr-based amorphous alloy workpiece also decreases with the increase of the tool rake angle, and the cutting temperature distribution on the workpiece diffuses to the interior of the workpiece with the tool fillet as the center.
Carbide twist drill surface polishing and cutting edge passivating based on magnetic field-assisted shear thickening
Authors: Huang Xiangming , Li Xiyang , Ming Yang , Zhou Dongdong , Cai Yunhui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The multi-field compound polishing method based on the shear thickening has been applied to the processing of various hard materials due to its characteristics of low damage and adaptability to complex surface shapes. The surface/subsurface defects on the carbide twist drill are caused during the grinding. This paper proposes a magnetic field-assisted shear thickening polishing (MASTP) method based on shear thickening and pumping effect, aiming to remove microscopic defects of twist drill cutting edge and passivate cutting edges to improve its cutting performance. The microscopic materials removal mechanism of cemented carbide and the rheological properties of magnetic shear thickening fluid (MSTF) were analyzed. The magnetic field intensity distribution in the polishing area for two types of magnetic pole arrangements (uniform and spiral arrangement) is simulated. A numerical model was used to investigate the effect regularity of the polishing gap and spindle speed on the flow field shear stress. Experimental validation was carried out based on the processing platform. The results show that the effects of processing parameters on twist drill surface roughness improvement rate and edge radius correspond to the simulated shear stress. After 60 min of polishing, the surface roughness improvement rate reached 94.7% and 80.4% at the body clearance and margin, respectively. The passivating radius of the major cutting edge can reach 12.92 µm, while the passivating radius of the minor cutting edge can reach 15.73 µm. At the same time the edge defects caused by the grinding are also removed.
Exploring the use cases and limitations of large language models in the biomedical and clinical tasks
Authors: Albarqawi Ahmad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The development of large language models (LLMs) in recent years has shown several opportunities for improving the medical sector and processing unstructured electronic medical records. Despite the potential of these models, their application in the biomedical and clinical fields needs to comply with regulations and mitigate existing biases, nonfactual information generation, and any potential privacy concerns. Successful implementations of LLMs need an understanding of their use cases and limitations for strategies to revolutionize the healthcare industry and operations. This research does an exhaustive assessment of the published biomedical and clinical language models to comprehend the current problems, explore the best methods for overcoming the constraints and get the models suitable for use in regulated conditions.
Advances in Monolingual and Crosslingual Automatic Disability Annotation in Spanish
Authors: Goenaga Iakes , Andres Edgar , Gojenola Koldo , Atutxa Aitziber 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Unlike diseases, automatic recognition of disabilities has not received the same attention in the area of medical NLP. Progress in this direction is hampered by obstacles like the lack of annotated corpus. Neural architectures learn to translate sequences from spontaneous representations into their corresponding standard representations given a set of samples. The aim of this paper is to present the last advances in monolingual (Spanish) and crosslingual (from English to Spanish) automatic disability annotation. The task consists of identifying disability mentions in medical texts written in Spanish within a collection of abstracts from journal papers related to the biomedical domain.
Results: In order to carry out the task, we have combined deep learning models that use different embedding granularities for sequence to sequence tagging with simple rules to boost the coverage.
Conclusions: Our monolingual experiments demonstrate that a good combination of different word embedding representations provide better results than single representations, significantly outperforming the state of the art in disability annotation in Spanish. Additionally, we have experimented crosslingual transfer (zero-shot) for disability annotation from English to Spanish with interesting results that might help overcoming the data scarcity bottleneck, specially significant for the disabilities.
Accessibility of Physician Associate Studies: Student Experiences of Financial Support. A Cross-sectional Online Survey
Authors: Wilkinson Ben , Talbot Catherine V. , Simon Chantal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The number of Physician Associates (PAs) within the NHS workforce is rapidly rising. In other healthcare professions, researchers have highlighted the prevalence of financial barriers to careers, and the importance of widening access to applicants. However, this has not been explored among PA students. The aims of this study were to: 1) explore PA students’ perceptions of financial support whilst studying; 2) identify whether PA course funding is appropriate for students to study effectively; 3) establish baseline demographic data for those undergoing postgraduate PA studies.
Methods
189 PA students completed an online survey during 2021, which examined their perceptions of financial support. Survey measures comprised basic demographic questions, binary responses, Likert scales, and open-text responses. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively, while qualitative data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
Basic demographics were in keeping with data from the annual census of qualified PAs. Respondents were predominantly White British/European (67.1%), with 87.8% identifying as female. 16.5% students had financial dependents, with 77.4% of those disagreeing that they were well-supported financially in caring for their dependents. Most PA students (94%) worried about finances, and 83.2% agreed that this negatively impacted their studies. Students perceived the costs associated with the course to be excessive, with undisclosed travel costs, an unexpected rise in exam fees, and lack of governmental loan provision featuring prominently as financial stressors. Funding was perceived to be insufficient for PA students to thrive whilst studying, and concerns were heightened for those with dependents and/or disabilities. Concerns about finances also had detrimental impacts on mental health.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that the current format of PA courses favours those with financial privilege, geographic mobility, and no caring responsibilities. The PA profession was perceived by students to be at risk of deterring promising talent, and of becoming a ‘closed shop’. Universities and government loan providers should consider how they can best support PA students, such as through: greater transparency of financial information, funding of placements in the same way as they are for other healthcare students, and increasing of grants and scholarship provision.
Characteristics Investigation of Improved PVC/ZnO Nanocomposite Insulation with an Insight into Its Structural Variation due to Elevated Temperature and Humidity
Authors: Faiza Faiza , Khattak Abraiz , Alahmadi Ahmad Aziz , Ishida Hatsuo , Ullah Nasim 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Nanosized inorganic oxides have the trends to improve many characteristics of solid polymer insulation. In this work, the characteristics of novel poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC)/ZnO based nano-composites are investigated. Different concentrations of PVC/ZnO nano-composites using 0, 2, 4 and 6phr of ZnO nanoparticles are prepared by a melt mixing method. The samples are formed into a circular shape disk with 80 mm diameter using compression molding technique. To confirm the formation of nanocomposite and fine dispersion of nanoparticles, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and optical microscopy (OM) are employed. FTIR and XRD show the successful incorporation of the ZnO filler into the PVC matrix and SEM indicates that maximum dispersion is achieved up to PZ2. The effect of filler on the electrical, optical, thermal, and dielectric properties of the PVC are also analyzed. Hydrophobicity of nano-composites is evaluated by both contact angle and Swedish transmission research institute (STRI) classification method. Hydrophobic behavior decreases with the increase in filler content, contact angle increases up to 86°, and STRI class of HC3 for PZ4 is observed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are employed to evaluate the thermal stability of the samples. In comparison to PZ0, char yield is seen to increase by11%, 24% and 30% for PZ2, PZ4 and PZ6 samples, respectively. Also, continuous decrease of optical band gap energy from 4.04 eV for PZ0 to 2.57 eV for PZ6 is observed. In the meantime, an enhancement in Tm is observed from 172°C to 215°C. To check the stability of materials against hydrothermal stresses, all the fabricated materials are then subjected to a hydrothermal aging process for 1000 hours and their structural stability is analyzed using optical microscopy and FTIR analyses. After aging, theZnO nano-filler filled polymer shows higher stability against stresses by retaining their structure as percentage degradation of polymer composite was lower than the neat PVC despite the observation of structural degradation of the matrix.
Acquisition of new function through gene duplication in the metallocarboxypeptidase family
Authors: Fajardo Daniel , Jean Ritchie Saint , Lyons Peter Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Gene duplication is a key first step in the process of expanding the functionality of a multigene family. In order to better understand the process of gene duplication and its role in the formation of new enzymes, we investigated recent duplication events in the M14 family of proteolytic enzymes. Within vertebrates, four of 23 M14 genes were frequently found in duplicate form. While AEBP1, CPXM1, and CPZ genes were duplicated once through a large-scale, likely whole-genome duplication event, the CPO gene underwent many duplication events within fish and Xenopus lineages. Bioinformatic analyses of enzyme specificity and conservation suggested a greater amount of neofunctionalization and purifying selection in CPO paralogs compared with other CPA/B enzymes. To examine the functional consequences of evolutionary changes on CPO paralogs, the four CPO paralogs from Xenopus tropicalis were expressed in Sf9 and HEK293T cells. Immunocytochemistry showed subcellular distribution of Xenopus CPO paralogs to be similar to that of human CPO. Upon activation with trypsin, the enzymes demonstrated differential activity against three substrates, suggesting an acquisition of new function following duplication and subsequent mutagenesis. Characteristics such as gene size and enzyme activation mechanisms are possible contributors to the evolutionary capacity of the CPO gene.
Does social media usage ameliorate loneliness in rural youth? A cross sectional survey
Authors: GREGORY Lachlan , DUTTON Tegan , OSUAGWU Uchechukwu Levi , VINES Robyn 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim: To investigate the relationship between social media use and loneliness and psychological wellbeing of youths in rural NSW
Design: This was a web-based cross-sectional survey
Methods: Survey consisted of 33 items including demography (12 items), participants’ social media use (9 items), mood and anxiety (6 items), perceived loneliness (6 items), the impact of COVID-19 on social media usage or perceived loneliness(2 items). The participants’ mood and anxiety were evaluated using the K6, while loneliness was measured using the De Jong Gierveld 6-item scale. Total loneliness and psychological distress scores were compared between demographic variables.
Results: A total of 47 participants aged 16-24 years took part in the study. The majority were women (68%) and 68% had K6 score that was indicative of psychological distress. About 50% of the participants indicated that FB was their most used social media platform and 2 in 5 participants were on social media within 10 minutes of waking up each day, a little over 30% spent more than 20 hrs per week on social media, and 76.6% sent private messages, images, or videos, multiple times a day. The mean loneliness score was 2.89 (range, 0 to 6), with 0 being ‘not lonely’ and 6 being ‘intense social loneliness’. One-way ANOVA and χ2 analysis results showed that those who reported that FB was their most frequently used social media platform had significantly higher mean scores for loneliness compared to those that used other social media platforms (p=0.015). Regression analysis revealed that those who commonly used FB were more likely to report higher loneliness scores (Coefficient = –1.45, 95%CI –2.63, –0.28, p=0.017), while gender (p=0.039), age (p=0.048), household composition (p=0.023), and education level (p=0.014) were associated with severe psychological distress.
Conclusions:
The study found that social media usage, as measured by time used and active or passive engagement with the medium, is for the most part not significantly linked to loneliness or psychological distress. There was a significant association between loneliness and FB usage, and psychological distress and social media use within ten minutes of waking. However, loneliness or psychological distress were not associated with rurality in youths.
Multiplicity and asymptotics of positive normalized solutions for the fractional Sobolev critical Schr\"{o}dinger equations
Authors: Kong Lingzheng , Chen Haibo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations.
In this paper, we consider the nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation with Sobolev critical exponent and mixed nonlinearities
(−Δ)su = λu + μ|u|q−2u + |u|2*s−2u, x ∈ RN,
∫RN |u|2dx = c, u ∈ Hs(RN), (0.1)
where s ∈ (0, 1), N > 2s, μ > 0, 2 < q < 2 + 4s/N and 2*s = 2N/N−2s is the fractional Sobolev critical exponent. We show that there exists an explicit mass threshold value c0 such that, for any c ∈ (0, c0], (0.1) admits a ground state solution u+c and a excited state solution u−c, which can be characterized as a local minimizer and as a Mountain Pass type critical point of the corresponding energy functional. We emphasis that the result is new in the case c = c0 even for the Laplacian operator, which is based on the full use of minimizers of the fractional Gagliardo-Nirenberg-Sobolev inequality and the Aubin-Talanti bubbles. Moreover, by establishing a refined upper bound of energy level, we capture the precise asymptotic behaviour of the obtained normalized solutions as c → 0+ and μ → 0+. These conclusions extend some known ones in previous papers.
The effect of annealing temperature and immersion time on the active-passive dissolution of biomedical Ti70Zr20Nb7.5Ta2.5 alloy in Ringer’s solution
Authors: Boraei Nobl F. El , Ibrahim Magdy A.M. , Rehim Sayed S. Abd El , Elshamy Ibrahim H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Because of their superior biocompatibility, chemical stability, and mechanical strength, Ti and Ti - based alloys are commonly utilized in orthopaedic dentistry. In Ringer’s solution (RS), the corrosion behavior of the Ti70Zr20Nb7.5Ta2.5 (T70Z20N7.5T2.5) alloy was examined as an alternative potential material for Ti and Ti6Al4V (T6A4V) in medical applications. The corrosion resistance was evaluated utilizing potentiodynamic polarization curves (PPCs), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and open circuit potential techniques (OCP), supplemented by XRD and SEM surface analysis. The T70Z20N7.5T2.5 alloy has the highest resistance to corrosion since it has the most stable passive state in addition to the lowest corrosion current (Icorr) and the highest corrosion potential (Ecorr) in comparison with that of T6A4V and Ti. Furthermore, it was also looked at how different annealing temperatures (600, 800, and 1000 ºC) and immersion times (one, two, and three weeks) affected the corrosion behaviour of T70Z20N7.5T2.5. In comparison to the other samples, the T70Z20N7.5T2.5 alloy annealed at 800 ºC demonstrated superior resistance to corrosion (the lowest Icorr and Ipass). While that annealed at 1000 ºC has the lowest resistance to corrosion (highest Icorr and Ipass) as a result of the passive layer dissolution. The same results are confirmed using the OCP measurements. The passive film is composed of an inner and outer oxide layer, according to the EIS measurements. Meanwhile, the PPCs data demonstrates that the resistance to corrosion of the alloy is higher without immersion than it is with immersion and for a shorter immersion time. These results entirely agree with those of the EIS and OCP measurements of the alloy at the same immersion times. It was found that the T70Z20N7.5T2.5 system consisted of α and β phases. An X-ray structural study indicated a mixture of body centred –cubic β-Ti and hexagonal close-packed α-Ti (main phase, with a grain size of about 5.35 nm). Therefore, among all the materials evaluated in this work, the T70Z20N7.5T2.5 alloy can be considered a promising material suitable for use as a biomaterial.
Medical Students’ Perception of Online Intensive Pediatric Review: A Quasi-experimental Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tangcheewinsirikul Sirikarn , Takkinsatian Preyanit , Yenjabog Patcha , Sirimongkolchaiyakul Ornatcha , Prempraparn Pathaporn 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite regular pediatric education, pediatric instructors regularly provide an on-site intensive pediatric review course (IPR) as per medical students (MS)’ request, to summarize pediatric knowledge in preparation for externship. However, considering the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic restrictions (e.g., social distancing), an online intensive pediatric review (OIPR) is required instead. Unfortunately, the relationship between MS’ perception and outcome of OIPR remains unclear.
Methods
An online mock pediatric examination (OMPE), which includes 30 multiple-choice questions, was constructed according to the Medical Council curriculum. All eligible MS attended OMPE before and after the OIPR. The constructed and validated satisfactory survey was categorized into two: demographic data and self-perceived satisfaction with OIPR. For data collection, an anonymous self-administered survey was used and was distributed to MS in April 2022. These data were then analyzed by Wilcoxon test.
Results
Of the 80 eligible students, 45 responded (56.3%), of which 24 (53.3%) were females. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of MS’ age was 23 ± 0.6 years. All (100%) concurred that OIPR is beneficial and recommended it to junior students who were planning to take the examination. The mean ± SD of OMPE significantly increased after OIPR, from 20.9 ± 3.8 to 22.9 ± 3.3 (p = 0.001).
Conclusion
During the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, which required social distancing, OIPR has helped MS summarize and enhance their knowledge in preparation for externship and the examination.