bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the diode laser beam power on the behaviour of the ZrC powder pre-coat and the 145Cr6 steel substrate during laser processing
Authors: Bartkowski Dariusz , Bartkowska Aneta , Jurči Peter , Kusý Martin , Przestacki Damian , Ulbrich Dariusz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe paper presents both the production method and its impact on selected properties of composite coatings reinforced with hard ZrC particles. The Fe/ZrC coatings were produced using diode laser by remelting the pre-coat in the form of paste consisting of ZrC powder and binder. Different values of laser beam power (500 W, 700 W, and 900 W) and different pre-coat thicknesses (100 µm, 150 µm, and 200 µm) were used to produce the composite coatings. During all processes, the scanning speed of laser beam was 3 m/min. Laser beam spot diameter was 1 mm. Microstructure study, microhardness tests, as well as EDS and XRD analysis were carried out. The obtained Fe/ZrC coatings were also tested for the effect of the corrosive medium in a 3.5% NaCl water solution. The effect of applied parameters on wear resistance of Fe/ZrC coatings was also studied. The tribological properties were assessed both by mass loss measurement and by scanning electron microscopy. Fe/ZrC coatings produced using the highest thickness of the pre-coat were characterised by cracks arising during production process. The very high concentration of carbides and hence high hardness of the coating produced in this way contributed to it. However, a positive effect of laser beam power increase on reduction of these cracks was observed. The coatings were characterised by very high hardness, reaching in some cases even more than 2000 HV. It was found that the most favourable properties regarding both tribology and corrosion resistance were obtained for Fe/ZrC coatings produced using 150 µm of pre-coat thickness.
Preparation of 18O-labelled azaspiracids for accurate quantitation using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
Authors: Wright Elliott J. , Meija Juris , McCarron Pearse , Miles Christopher O. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAzaspiracids (AZAs) are a group of polyether marine algal toxins known to accumulate in shellfish, posing a risk to human health and the seafood industry. Analysis of AZAs is typically performed using LC–MS, which can suffer from matrix effects that significantly impact the accuracy of measurement results. While the use of isotopic internal standards is an effective approach to correct for these effects, isotopically labelled standards for AZAs are not currently available. In this study, 18O-labelled AZA1, AZA2, and AZA3 were prepared by reaction with H218O under acidic conditions, and the reaction kinetics and sites of incorporation were studied using LC–HRMS/MS aided by mathematical analysis of their isotope patterns. Analysis of the isotopic incorporation in AZA1 and AZA3 indicated the presence of four exchangeable oxygen atoms. Excessive isomerization occurred during preparation of 18O-labelled AZA2, suggesting a role for the 8-methyl group in the thermodynamic stability of AZAs. Neutralized mixtures of 18O-labelled AZA1 and AZA3 were found to maintain their isotopic and isomeric integrities when stored at −20 °C and were used to develop an isotope-dilution LC–MS method which was applied to reference materials of shellfish matrices containing AZAs, demonstrating high accuracy and excellent reproducibility. Preparation of isotopically labelled compounds using the isotopic exchange method, combined with the kinetic analysis, offers a feasible way to obtain isotopically labelled internal standards for a wide variety of biomolecules to support reliable quantitation.
Graphical Abstract
Erfassung von Barrieren und Faszilitatoren zur Aufnahme einer Psychotherapie im Kontext ambulanter Kinder- und Jugendlichenpsychotherapie
Authors: Domhan Dominic , In-Albon Tina , Pfeiffer Simone 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Diese Studie erweitert bisherige Ergebnisse zu Barrieren und Faszilitatoren um die Berücksichtigung der Sichtweise ambulant tätiger Kinder- und Jugendlichenpsychotherapeut*innen (KJP). Die Ergebnisse werden mit wahrgenommenen Barrieren und Faszilitatoren bei Patient*innen in ambulanter Psychotherapie verglichen und in Bezug zu bereits identifizierten Barrieren und Faszilitatoren gesetzt.

Methode
Es nahmen 61 Patient*innen im Alter von 15 bis 21 Jahren (M = 18,4, SD = ±1,6, 77 % weiblich) und 80 KJP (M = 42,3, SD = ±8,8, 81 % weiblich) aus dem ambulanten Psychotherapiesetting an der Studie teil. Barrieren und Faszilitatoren wurden in einer Onlineerhebung mittels eines explorativen deskriptiven Mixed-Methods-Designs untersucht.

Ergebnisse
Als Barrieren zur Aufnahme einer Psychotherapie wurden von Patient*innen und KJP Wahrnehmung von Hilfesuchstigma, Angst vor öffentlicher Stigmatisierung sowie Angst vor dem psychotherapeutischen Setting genannt. Patient*innen berichteten von einer stärkeren Problemleugnung als Barriere im Vergleich zu KJP. Als Faszilitatoren wurden übereinstimmend mehr Wissen über Psychotherapie, eine höhere gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz und geringere strukturelle Barrieren genannt. KJP berichteten als zusätzliche Faszilitatoren besser psychologisch geschulte Ärzt*innen und Lehrkräfte (im Sinne von Gatekeepern) sowie positive Vorerfahrungen mit Psychotherapie. Patient*innen nannten die frühzeitigere Wahrnehmung und Anerkennung des Hilfebedarfs und ein größeres Selbstbewusstsein als wichtige Faktoren zur Steigerung der Inanspruchnahme.

Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse betonen den Bedarf eines Ausbaus sowie der Dissemination von Interventionen zur Senkung von Barrieren zur Aufnahme einer Psychotherapie. Sie verdeutlichen weiterhin die Notwendigkeit, multi- und interdisziplinäre Ansätze und die Komplexität der Zusammenwirkung von Faktoren zur Steigerung des Hilfesuchverhaltens abzubilden (z. B. auf individueller, gesellschaftlicher und politischer Ebene).
A New Decomposition of the Graph Laplacian and the Binomial Structure of Mass-Action Systems
Authors: Müller Stefan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe provide a new decomposition of the Laplacian matrix (for labeled directed graphs with strongly connected components), involving an invertiblecore matrix, the vector of tree constants, and the incidence matrix of an auxiliary graph, representing an order on the vertices. Depending on the particular order, the core matrix has additional properties. Our results are graph-theoretic/algebraic in nature. As a first application, we further clarify the binomial structure of (weakly reversible) mass-action systems, arising from chemical reaction networks. Second, we extend a classical result by Horn and Jackson on the asymptotic stability of special steady states (complex-balanced equilibria). Here, the new decomposition of the graph Laplacian allows us to consider regions in the positive orthant with givenmonomial evaluation orders(and corresponding polyhedral cones in logarithmic coordinates). As it turns out, all dynamical systems are asymptotically stable that can be embedded in certainbinomial differential inclusions. In particular, this holds for complex-balanced mass-action systems, and hence, we also obtain a polyhedral-geometry proof of the classical result.
Quantitative kam Theory, with an Application to the Three-Body Problem
Authors: Pinzari Gabriella , Liu Xiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBased on quantitative “kam theory”, we state and prove two theorems about the continuation of maximal and whiskered quasi-periodic motions to slightly perturbed systems exhibiting proper degeneracy. Next, we apply such results to prove that, in the three-body problem, there is a small set in phase space where it is possible to detect both such families of tori. We also estimate the density of such motions in proper ambient spaces. Up to our knowledge, this is the first proof of co-existence of stable and whiskered tori in a physical system.
Die Mediatisierung von Kindheit und deren Implikationen für die Medienerziehung
Authors: Roth-Ebner Caroline 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungKinder wachsen heute in einer mediatisierten Lebenswelt auf. Medien sind ubiquitär verfügbar; sie dienen als Orientierungsangebote und Statussymbole und beeinflussen die kindliche Identitätsentwicklung. Inwiefern Kinder von medialen Angeboten profitieren, hängt dabei, wie zahlreiche Studien zeigen, oftmals vom Bildungsstand der Eltern ab. In Österreich besitzen die meisten Kinder elektronische Geräte und verbringen täglich etwa 2 Stunden vor Bildschirmen. Die Nutzung von sozialen Medien, insbesondere WhatsApp und YouTube, nimmt zu. Die Auswirkungen der mediatisierten Kindheit sind ambivalent. Ein und dasselbe Phänomen kann sich sowohl als Chance als auch als Risiko darstellen. Zum Beispiel können soziale Medien zur Gemeinschaftsbildung und Vernetzung dienen, andererseits aber auch destruktive Kommunikation wie Desinformation und Hate Speech fördern. Medienkompetenz wird als Schlüssel zu einer verantwortungsvollen Nutzung der Medien betrachtet. Dabei ist es vor allem wichtig, eine reflektierte Mediennutzung zu fördern, indem Erwachsene Kinder aktiv bei der Aneignung von Medien begleiten. Medienerziehung sollte stärker in Kindergärten und Schulen integriert und Eltern als zentrale Vorbilder und Miterziehende einbezogen werden.
Retrospective comparison of long-term functionality and revision rate of two different shunt valves in pediatric and adult patients
Authors: Busse Lewin-Caspar , Dubinski Daniel , Gessler Florian , Dinc Nazife , Konczalla Jürgen , Czabanka Marcus , Senft Christian , Freiman Thomas M. , Baumgarten Peter 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThe most frequent therapy of hydrocephalus is implantation of ventriculoperitoneal shunts for diverting cerebrospinal into the peritoneal cavity. We compared two adjustable valves, proGAV and proGAV 2.0, for complications resulting in revision surgery.MethodsFour hundred patients undergoing primary shunt implantation between 2014 and 2020 were analyzed for overall revision rate, 1-year revision rate, and revision-free survival observing patient age, sex, etiology of hydrocephalus, implantation site, prior diversion of cerebrospinal fluid, and cause of revision.ResultsAll data were available of all 400 patients (female/male 208/192). Overall, 99 patients underwent revision surgery after primary implantation. proGAV valve was implanted in 283 patients, and proGAV 2.0 valves were implanted in 117 patients. There was no significant difference between the two shunt valves concerning revision rate (p = 0.8069), 1-year revision rate (p = 0.9077), revision-free survival (p = 0.6921), and overall survival (p = 0.3232). Regarding 1-year revision rate, we observed no significant difference between the two shunt valves in pediatric patients (40.7% vs 27.6%;p = 0.2247). Revision operation had to be performed more frequently in pediatric patients (46.6% vs 24.8%;p = 0.0093) with a significant higher number of total revisions with proGAV than proGAV 2.0 (33 of 59 implanted shunts [55.9%] vs. 8 of 29 implanted shunts [27.6%];p = 0.0110) most likely due to longer follow-up in the proGAV-group. For this reason, we clearly put emphasis on analyzing results regarding 1-year revision rate.ConclusionAccording to the target variables we analyzed, aside from lifetime revision rate in pediatric patients, there is no significant difference between the two shunt valves.
The differential impact of the DSM-5 post-traumatic stress symptoms on functional impairment in traumatized children and adolescents
Authors: Bartels Lasse , Skar Ane-Marthe Solheim , Birkeland Marianne Skogbrott , Ormhaug Silje Mørup , Berliner Lucy , Jensen Tine K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to provide a better understanding of the individual impact of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) on functional impairment in trauma-exposed children and adolescents. Identifying PTSS that have the most impact on functional impairment can broaden our understanding of post-trauma reactions and guide the selection of treatment components and techniques required to help patients to restore functioning following trauma exposure.

Method
Utilizing relative importance analyses, unique shared variance of each DSM-5 PTSS with functional impairment were estimated in clinical samples of 3400 Norwegian (Mage = 14.18, SDage = 2.49, rangeage = 7–17) and 747 US (Mage = 10.76, SDage = 3.10, rangeage = 7–17) children and adolescents from naturalistic settings.

Results
Negative beliefs, detachment from others, inability to experience positive emotions, and diminished interest in activities within the symptom cluster negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and the hyperarousal symptom concentration problems accounted for the largest proportions of unique variance explained in functional impairment in both samples. Further, the hyperarousal symptom irritability showed a unique high association with functional impairment in the US sample.

Conclusion
As negative beliefs, emotional numbing symptoms, concentration problems and irritability may be especially related to functional impairment in traumatized children and adolescents, monitoring and targeting these symptoms throughout therapy might be of particular importance to restore functioning as early as possible and to facilitate overall recovery.
Triangulations of grassmannians and flag manifolds
Authors: Abawonse Olakunle S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMacPherson (in: Topological methods in modern mathematics: a symposium in Honor of John Milnor’s Sixtieth Birthday Stony Brook NY 1991, Perish, Houston, 1993. https://doi.org/10.2307/1970177) conjectured that the Grassmannian $$\textrm{Gr}(2, \mathbb {R}^n)$$

Gr
(
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has the same homeomorphism type as the combinatorial Grassmannian $$\text{ MacP }(2,n)$$

MacP

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, while Babson (in: A combinatorial flag space, MIT, 1993. https://doi.org/10.2307/1970177) proved that the spaces $$\text{ Gr }(2,\mathbb {R}^n)$$

Gr

(
2
,

R

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and $$\text{ Gr }(1,2,\mathbb {R}^n)$$

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(
1
,
2
,

R

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are homotopy equivalent to their combinatorial analogs, the simplicial complexes $$\Vert \text{ MacP }(2,n)\Vert $$

‖

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‖

and $$\Vert \text{ MacP }(1,2,n)\Vert $$

‖

MacP

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‖

respectively. We will prove that $$\text{ Gr }(2, \mathbb {R}^n)$$

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and $$\text{ Gr }(1,2, \mathbb {R}^n)$$

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are homeomorphic to $$\Vert \text{ MacP }(2,n)\Vert $$

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and $$\Vert \text{ MacP }(1,2,n)\Vert $$

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respectively.
Scaling Down the Great Egypt Pyramids to Enhance CO2 Splitting in a Micro DBD Reactor
Authors: Khunda Deema , Li Sirui , Cherkasov Nikolay , Chaffee Alan , Rebrov Evgeny V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe CO2 splitting reaction has been investigated in a plate-to-plate micro DBD reactor with a high voltage electrode having pyramid charge injection points. The presence of sharp points (pyramids) creates zones with enhanced electric field around them. The minimum discharge voltage in the pyramid micro DBD reactor reduced from 6.5 to 5.2 kV (peak-to-peak). At the same time, the CO2 conversion increased 1.5 times as compared to that in the reactor with a flat electrode. Lowering the discharge gap from 0.50 to 0.25 mm resulted in more intense microdischarges, further increasing CO2 conversion by 1.3 times. At the same time, the energy efficiency increased further by 1.3 times. There exists an optimum residence time of 0.5 ms as a result of an interplay between plasma contact time and flow non-uniformity. The highest energy efficiency of 20% was obtained at a 3 W power, achieving a CO2 conversion of 16%.
Muscle quality, physical performance, and comorbidity are predicted by circulating procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (P3NP): the InCHIANTI follow-up study
Authors: Pellegrino Raffaello , Paganelli Roberto , Di Iorio Angelo , Bandinelli Stefania , Moretti Antimo , Iolascon Giovanni , Sparvieri Eleonora , Tarantino Domiziano , Ferrucci Luigi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSarcopenia is characterized by skeletal muscle quantitative and qualitative alterations. A marker of collagen turnover, procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (P3NP), seems to be related to those conditions. This study aims to assess the predictive role of P3NP in muscle density and physical performance changes. In the InCHIANTI study, a representative sample from the registry lists of two towns in Tuscany, Italy, was recruited. Baseline data was collected in 1998, and follow-up visits were conducted every 3 years. Out of the 1453 participants enrolled at baseline, this study includes 1052 participants. According to P3NP median levels, population was clustered in two groups; 544 (51.7%) of the 1052 subjects included were classified in the low median levels (LM-P3NP); at the baseline, they were younger, had higher muscle density, and performed better at the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), compared to the high-median group (HM-P3NP).LM-P3NP cases showed a lower risk to develop liver chronic diseases, CHF, myocardial infarction, and osteoarthritis. HM-P3NP levels were associated with a longitudinal reduction of muscle density, and this effect was potentiated by the interaction between P3NP and leptin. Moreover, variation in physical performance was inversely associated with high level of P3NP, and directly associated with high fat mass, and with the interaction between P3NP and muscle density. Our data indicate that P3NP is associated with the aging process, affecting body composition, physical performance, and clinical manifestations of chronic degenerative age-related diseases.
Associations Between Primary Care Providers and Staff-Reported Access Management Challenges and Patient Perceptions of Access
Authors: Rose Danielle E. , Leung Lucinda B. , McClean Michael , Nelson Karin M. , Curtis Idamay , Yano Elizabeth M. , Rubenstein Lisa V. , Stockdale Susan E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground/ObjectiveOptimizing patients’ access to primary care is critically important but challenging. In a national survey, we asked primary care providers and staff to rate specific care processes as access management challenges and assessed whether clinics with more of these challenges had worse access outcomes.MethodsStudy design: Cross sectional. National Primary Care Personnel Survey (NPCPS) (2018) participants included 6210 primary care providers (PCPs) and staff in 813 clinics (19% response rate) and 158,645 of their patients. We linked PCP and staff ratings of access management challenges to veterans’ perceived access from 2018–2019 Survey of Healthcare Experiences of Patients-Patient Centered Medical Home (SHEP-PCMH) surveys (35.6% response rate). Main measures: The NPCPS queried PCPs and staff about access management challenges. The mean overall access challenge score was 28.6, SD 6.0. The SHEP-PCMH access composite asked how often veterans reported always obtaining urgent appointments same/next day; routine appointments when desired and having medical questions answered during office hours. Analytic approach: We aggregated PCP and staff responses to clinic level, and use multi-level, multivariate logistic regressions to assess associations between clinic-level access management challenges and patient perceptions of access. We controlled for veteran-, facility-, and area-level characteristics.Key ResultsVeterans at clinics with more access management challenges (> 75thpercentile) had a lower likelihood of reporting always receiving timely urgent care appointments (AOR: .86, 95% CI: .78–.95); always receiving routine appointments (AOR: .74, 95% CI: .67–.82); and always reporting same- or next-day answers to telephone questions (AOR: .79, 95% CI: .70–.90) compared to veterans receiving care at clinics with fewer (< 25thpercentile) challenges.Discussion/ConclusionFindings show a strong relationship between higher levels of access management challenges and worse patient perceptions of access. Addressing access management challenges, particularly those associated with call center communication, may be an actionable path for improved patient experience.
A new mixed reality tool for training in minimally invasive robotic-assisted surgery
Authors: Casas-Yrurzum Sergio , Gimeno Jesús , Casanova-Salas Pablo , García-Pereira Inma , García del Olmo Eva , Salvador Antonio , Guijarro Ricardo , Zaragoza Cristóbal , Fernández Marcos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRobotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is developing an increasing role in surgical practice. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to introduce this paradigm into surgical training programs. However, the steep learning curve of RAS remains a problem that hinders the development and widespread use of this surgical paradigm. For this reason, it is important to be able to train surgeons in the use of RAS procedures. RAS involves distinctive features that makes its learning different to other minimally invasive surgical procedures. One of these features is that the surgeons operate using a stereoscopic console. Therefore, it is necessary to perform RAS training stereoscopically. This article presents a mixed-reality (MR) tool for the stereoscopic visualization, annotation and collaborative display of RAS surgical procedures. The tool is an MR application because it can display real stereoscopic content and augment it with virtual elements (annotations) properly registered in 3D and tracked over time. This new tool allows the registration of surgical procedures, teachers (experts) and students (trainees), so that the teacher can share a set of videos with their students, annotate them with virtual information and use a shared virtual pointer with the students. The students can visualize the videos within a web environment using their personal mobile phones or a desktop stereo system. The use of the tool has been assessed by a group of 15 surgeons during a robotic-surgery master’s course. The results show that surgeons consider that this tool can be very useful in RAS training.
Hydroxychloroquine in nephrology: current status and future directions
Authors: Rao Indu Ramachandra , Kolakemar Ashwija , Shenoy Srinivas Vinayak , Prabhu Ravindra Attur , Nagaraju Shankar Prasad , Rangaswamy Dharshan , Bhojaraja Mohan Varadanayakanahalli 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHydroxychloroquine is one of the oldest disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in clinical use. The drug interferes with lysosomal activity and antigen presentation, inhibits autophagy, and decreases transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Owing to its immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic effect, hydroxychloroquine has been an integral part of therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis for several decades. The therapeutic versatility of hydroxychloroquine has led to repurposing it for other clinical conditions, with recent studies showing reduction in proteinuria in IgA nephropathy. Research is also underway to investigate the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in primary membranous nephropathy, Alport’s syndrome, systemic vasculitis, anti-GBM disease, acute kidney injury and for cardiovascular risk reduction in chronic kidney disease. Hydroxychloroquine is well-tolerated, inexpensive, and widely available and therefore, should its indications expand in the future, it would certainly be welcomed. However, clinicians should be aware of the risk of irreversible and progressive retinal toxicity and rarely, cardiomyopathy. Monitoring hydroxychloroquine levels in blood appears to be a promising tool to evaluate compliance, individualize the dose and reduce the risk of retinal toxicity, although this is not yet standard clinical practice. In this review, we discuss the existing knowledge regarding the mechanism of action of hydroxychloroquine, its utility in lupus nephritis and other kidney diseases, the main adverse effects and the evidence gaps that need to be addressed in future research.
Graphical abstract
Created with Biorender.com. HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; GBM, glomerular basement membrane; mDC, myeloid dendritic cell; MHC, major histocompatibility complex; TLR, toll-like receptor