bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management and valorization of phosphate beneficiation slime: a critical review
Authors: Dabbebi R. , Perumal P. , Moukannaa S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe valorization of phosphate mine waste (PMW) in different fields has recently become attractive to many researchers. This review paper examines the potential use of PMW as a raw material in different applications toward sustainable management strategies. Dewatering, recovery of phosphate and heavy metals, building materials and ceramics applications have been captured in this paper. Based on the origin of deposit and the treatment during ore beneficiation, the PMW shows different mineral compositions and various percentage of chemical elements which make it suitable for most of the studied applications. The objective of this paper is to show the potential of the phosphate mine waste valorization and to identify the knowledge gap.
Local approaches for the fatigue strength assessment of brazed joints made of X5CrNi18-10 and Cu 110 considering brazed seam quality and failure behavior
Authors: Jöckel A. , Baumgartner J. , Tillmann W. , Bültena J. , Bobzin K. , Heinemann H. , Erck M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the case of cyclically loaded brazed joints, especially in safety-relevant components like common rail systems for common rail direct fuel injection, it is necessary to reliably estimate the fatigue strength, considering the influence of different manufacturing processes, manufacturing parameters, and failure behavior. In this paper, induction-brazed, vacuum-brazed, and continuous furnace-brazed joints are used to develop a reliable approach to assess the fatigue life. Therefore, the specimens were characterized and tested under load control using constant amplitudes. It is found that the local brazing geometry in conjunction with the surface condition, which differs by different topography values and by the position and number of initial defects, have the most influence on the failure behavior and consequently on the fatigue strength. Irrespective of this, however, it is shown that the fatigue strength can be estimated sufficiently well even with a simplified finite element modeling that uses idealized fillet radii and by taking support effects into account.
Resistance insert spot welding: a new joining method for thermoplastic FRP–steel component
Authors: Xu Hongli , Fang Xiangfan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecently, multi-material designs consisting of metal and FRP components are being increasingly used in vehicle body structures to reduce weight and thus energy consumption and emission. Because the most commonly used resistance spot welding (RSW) technology for body assembly cannot be applied to join sheet metals and FRPs, the usage of FRPs is strongly limited. Therefore, a new resistance insert spot welding (RISW) method was developed. During the manufacturing process of FRPs, here compression molding of PA6 GF40 materials, specially designed steel inserts are directly integrated into the FRP part. Later, via the steel inserts, the FRP part can be spot welded to other steel parts in the structure. In this work, the design and development process of RISW is presented. Starting with the design concept of inserts, welding tests were conducted, and the parameters for the welding simulation were calibrated. After that, the detailed insert design was performed using welding simulation and tests with several restrictions, such as insert dimensions, the temperature in FRPs, the weldability range, and joining strength. In the end, an appropriate insert geometry was found, which met all requirements. The mechanical properties of RISW joining are better than or equal to those of SPRs. The new RISW technology was also demonstrated on a real vehicle component. A seat cross member was designed using FRP with 42% weight reduction and produced by compression molding with 30 simultaneously integrated inserts. The cross member was finally successfully welded to a steel closing plate using RISW.
GMAW hot-wire process with indirect resistive heating of the auxiliary wire
Authors: Ungethüm T. , Schilling P. , Spaniol E. , Füssel U. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to the coupled filler material and energy supply in gas metal arc welding (GMAW) processes, these processes have limited productivity as a result of heat-induced residual stresses and distortion. To increase productivity and decrease heat input, conventional GMAW processes can be combined with an auxiliary hot wire. The disadvantage of hot-wire processes is the small process window due to the required melt pool contact to maintain resistance heating and the magnetic blow effect of the hot-wire current. In this paper, the development of a GMAW hot-wire process with upstream ohmic preheating of the filler wire (between two current nozzles) is presented. Besides an increase of the deposition rate and consequently of the productivity, a decoupling and specific control of the material and energy input depending on the application is aimed at. By reducing the heat input into the base material, the influence on the mechanical-technological properties will be reduced and the development of residual stresses and distortion minimized. Furthermore, by preventing the magnetic arc blow caused by the hot-wire current, the process behavior will be improved, thus increasing its productivity and robustness. The potential of the process is demonstrated using selected welding tests.
Interoception Within the Context of Impulsivity and Addiction
Authors: Herman Aleksandra M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The goal of this review is to examine the relationship between impulsivity and interoception in addiction, to summarize the current understanding of the topic, identify any gaps in knowledge, and provide directions for future research.

Research Findings
Interoception may be a contributing factor to impulsive behaviour and, thus, addiction. Substance abuse can negatively impact the brain’s ability to process interoceptive information and impact the reward system, leading to decreased sensitivity to natural rewards and increased sensitivity to drugs. There is potential for new therapies, such as mindfulness, interoceptive training, brain stimulation, or vagal nerve stimulation to target both impulsivity and interoception in the treatment of addiction.

Summary
Despite a growing interest in interoception in addiction research, further research is needed to better understand the role of interoception in addiction and to develop new methods for studying how individuals with addiction process and perceive internal bodily sensations.
Exploring the Application of Peer-Assisted Learning in Practical Neuroanatomy Classes: A Cohort Comparison Within a Medical Curriculum
Authors: De Louche Calvin D. , Hassan Rifat , Laurayne Hailey F. , Wijeyendram Papakas , Kurn Octavia R. , Woodward James , Sbayeh Amgad , Hall Samuel , Border Scott 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDespite well-documented benefits, the effectiveness of some aspects of near-peer (NP) teaching in medical education within anatomy curricula remains unclear. Here, we explored the impact of various permutations of staff/student laboratory-based co-teaching in neuroanatomy by determining the optimal staff and student teaching combination. We assessed student perceptions and knowledge acquisition using three different co-teaching strategies. Second-year medical students at the University of Southampton were co-taught neuroanatomy by faculty staff and third-year medical students (NP teachers). Three cohorts, 2016/2017, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019, were included in the study. Subsequent cohorts experienced increasingly structured NP teaching with more NP teachers. Students completed evaluations for anatomy sessions, which were statistically compared. The 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 cohorts completed lunchtime quizzes matched to the learning outcomes of each practical session, which were analysed. A focus group involving six students was transcribed and thematically analysed. Anatomy practical ratings were significantly higher when both session structure and NP teacher numbers increased from 3 to 5–6 (p = 0.0010) and from 3 to 7–8 (p = 0.0020). There were no significant differences in anatomy practical ratings using 5–6 and 7–8 NP teachers (p > 0.9999). There were no significant differences between the knowledge scores of students who experienced 5–6 and 7–8 NP teachers. Themes detailing the benefits of NP teaching and the importance of faculty involvement were identified, demonstrating that students appreciated NP teaching within a co-teaching environment. Therefore, increased NP teaching may augment students’ perceptions and knowledge acquisition. In this context, the optimal number of NP teachers may sit between 5 and 8.
Validating Rating Scales for Executive Functioning across Education Levels and Informants
Authors: Spreij Lucie C. , Van Tuijl Cathy , Leseman Paul P. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe goal of the study was to deliver and validate a new solution-focused instrument, the Focus Skills Questionnaire (FSQ), to assess the degree of executive functioning skills in the school context, for three different education levels (elementary, secondary, and tertiary education) and informant groups (students, teachers and parents) on a sample of 1109 students from Dutch and Belgian schools. The factor structure was evaluated by confirmative factor analysis (CFA) and the study examined how students’ self-reports of executive functioning skills related to outcomes of neuro-psychological tests of executive functions (EF). The CFA results showed a parsimonious model with a four-factor structure of the FSQ that was equivalent for all education levels and informant groups, but that does not correspond with the generally assumed executive functioning factors. There are differences in the perception of executive functioning skills by different informant groups and also differences per education level. Student perceptions of executive functioning skills do not correspond with EF test outcomes and in some subgroups clearly diverge from teacher or parent perceptions of the students’ executive functioning skills. Although the new instrument does not converge with laboratory assessments of EF’s, the new instrument could be useful in everyday school practice.
Fully nonlinear phase-resolved wave modelling in the Norwegian fjords for floating bridges along the E39 coastal highway
Authors: Wang Weizhi , Pákozdi Csaba , Kamath Arun , Bihs Hans 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCoastal wave conditions are highly influenced by bathymetry variations and coastlines. The Norwegian fjords present large gradients of bathymetry changes and irregular coastline geometries that make the understanding of the near-coast wave conditions a challenging task. The proposed floating bridges for permanent fjord-crossings along the Norwegian E39 coastal highway require reliable and efficient numerical simulations of a large domain at the fjords. In this manuscript, a phase-resolving fully non-linear potential flow (FNPF) model is used to investigate wave propagations with the presence of complex bathymetry and coastlines at two fjords along the path of the highway. The FNPF model is equipped with a robust coastline algorithm, flexible wave breaking algorithms, a free-surface and bathymetry-following $$\sigma $$
σ
-grid and parallel high-performance computation capability. Both long-crested and short-crested offshore swell wave conditions are simulated at the two fjords, Sulafjord and Bjørnafjord. Sulafjord is more exposed to the offshore swell while Bjørnafjord is more sheltered. The phase-averaging spectral wave models are also applied for both fjords and compared with the phase-resolving FNPF model. The significance of applying phase-resolving model for strongly nonlinear wave transformations in the fjords is demonstrated. The wave transformations and the wave field inhomogeneity and incoherence are captured using the phase-resolving time domain simulation results, which reveal significant engineering considerations for floating bridge design. The presented numerical approach is seen to be able to simulate the complex transformations of irregular waves and identify key wave field characteristics with the presence of irregular bathymetry and coastlines such as the Norwegian fjords.
Emotion Controllability Beliefs and Young People’s Anxiety and Depression Symptoms: A Systematic Review
Authors: Somerville Matthew P. , MacIntyre Helen , Harrison Amy , Mauss Iris B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEmotion regulation is a powerful predictor of youth mental health and a crucial ingredient of interventions. A growing body of evidence indicates that the beliefs individuals hold about the extent to which emotions are controllable (emotion controllability beliefs) influence both the degree and the ways in which they regulate emotions. A systematic review was conducted that investigated the associations between emotion controllability beliefs and youth anxiety and depression symptoms. The search identified 21 peer-reviewed publications that met the inclusion criteria. Believing that emotions are relatively controllable was associated with fewer anxiety and depression symptoms, in part because these beliefs were associated with more frequent use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies. These findings support theoretical models linking emotion controllability beliefs with anxiety and depression symptoms via emotion regulation strategies that target emotional experience, like reappraisal. Taken together, the review findings demonstrate that emotion controllability beliefs matter for youth mental health. Understanding emotion controllability beliefs is of prime importance for basic science and practice, as it will advance understanding of mental health and provide additional targets for managing symptoms of anxiety and depression in young people.
XAI-based cross-ensemble feature ranking methodology for machine learning models
Authors: Jiang Pei , Suzuki Hiroyuki , Obi Takashi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArtificial Intelligence (AI) as one robust technology has been used in various fields, making innovative society possible and changing our lifestyles. However, the black box problem is still one big problem for artificial intelligence. In this study, we first compared the results of kernel Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for various machine learning models and found that the single SHAP model cannot explain the models at the human knowledge level. Then the factors’ global ranking was calculated using our proposed ensemble methodology. Finally, the new factors’ ranking was compared with other factor ranking method. Our experimental results declare that the proposed cross-ensemble feature ranking methodology provides stable and comparatively reliable feature ranking in both the classification and regression models.
Three-layer model for the control of epidemic infection over multiple social networks
Authors: Nasir Ali 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a hierarchical approach for controlling the spread of an epidemic disease. The approach consists of a three-layer architecture where a set of two-layer multiple social networks is governed by a (third) top-layer consisting of an optimal control policy. Each of the two-layer social networks is modeled by a microscopic Markov chain. On top of all the two-layer networks is an optimal control policy that has been developed by using an underlying Markov Decision Process (MDP) model. Mathematical models pertaining to the top-level MDP as well as two-layer microscopic Markov chains have been presented. Practical implementation methodology using the proposed models has also been discussed along with a numerical example. The results in the numerical example illustrate the control of an epidemic using the optimal policy. Directions for further research and characterization of the optimal policy have also been discussed with the help of the same numerical example.

Article Highlights

An optimal approach for controlling the spread of an epidemic infection.

The approach is able to model the uncertainties involved in the problem.

The approach is able to cater for the underlying social network.
An Exploratory Study of Models of Mobile Map User Experience
Authors: Somaskantharajan Sulaxan , Degbelo Auriol , Krukar Jakub 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSeveral user studies have been conducted to evaluate the User Experience (UX) of thematic mobile maps, but models describing the results beyond point studies are still lacking. This article explored mathematical functions to predict the UX on the visualization types Choropleth Maps and Graduated Symbol Maps. Ten different Choropleth Maps and ten different Graduated Symbol Maps were utilized to conduct a user study, in which 30 participants solved information-gathering tasks on a mobile device. The data from the first 20 participants served as input to build 12 mathematical models on the accuracy, efficiency, perceived mental demand, perceived performance, perceived effort demanded and perceived frustration level for solving the given map tasks. The predictive performance of the models was then evaluated using data from the remaining ten participants and the predictions were within 30% of unseen empirical data. The models obtained are relevant to the design of adaptive and plastic geovisualizations on mobile devices.
Development and initial validation of a short form of the Memories of Home and Family Scale
Authors: Redican Enya , Rawers Caitlyn , McElroy Eoin , Hyland Philip , Karatzias Thanos , Ben-Ezra Menachem , Shevlin Mark 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The Memories of Home and Family Scale (MHFS; Shevlin et al., 2022) was developed as a multidimensional measure of subjective memories of experiences at home and with family during childhood. Due to the length of the scale, a short version of the MHFS (MHFS-SF) has been developed. Data were from Wave 7 of the COVID-19 Psychological Research Consortium Study (C19PRC-UK), a population based UK survey (N = 1405). Two items with the highest factor loadings from each of the six dimensions of the original MHFS were selected for inclusion. Confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) models were estimated to test the dimensionality of the scale. Convergent and discriminant validity were tested by examining associations with criterion variables. CFA results supported the multidimensionality of the scale. MHFS-SF total and sub-scale scores were negatively correlated with measures of depression, anxiety, loneliness, and paranoia, and were positively correlated with wellbeing. Regression analyses revealed that MHFS-SF total and sub-scale scores significantly predicted loneliness, paranoia, and wellbeing, even after accounting for age, gender, and current internalising symptoms. Results from this study suggest that the MHFS-SF scores retain the excellent psychometric properties of the original scale while improving efficiency. The MHFS-SF demonstrated high levels of convergent and discriminant validity with mental health and wellbeing measures. Future research should seek to validate the MHFS-SF in different populations and assess its usefulness in clinical settings.
Floor Cleaners as Helper Pets: Projecting Assistive Robots’ Agency on Zoomorphic Affordances
Authors: Grimme Sophie Alice , Kollakidou Avgi , Sønderskov Zarp Christian , Hornecker Eva , Krüger Norbert , Graf Philipp , Marchetti Emanuela 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCare of ageing adults has become a dominant field of application for assistive robot technologies, promising support for ageing adults residing in care homes and staff, in dealing with practical routine tasks and providing social and emotional relieve. A time consuming and human intensive necessity is the maintenance of high hygiene quality in care homes. Robotic vacuum cleaners have been proven effective for doing the job elsewhere, but—in the context of care homes—are counterproductive for residents’ well-being and do not get accepted. This is because people with dementia manifest their agency in more implicit and emotional ways, while making sense of the world around them. Starting from these premises, we explored how a zoomorphic designed vacuum cleaner could better accommodate the sensemaking of people with dementia. Our design reconceptualises robotic vacuum cleaners as a cat-like robot, referring to a playful behaviour and appearance to communicate a non-threatening and familiar role model. Data from an observational study shows that residents responded positively to our prototype, as most of them engaged playfully with it as if it was a pet or a cat-like toy, for example luring it with gestures. Some residents simply ignored the robot, indicating that it was not perceived as frightening or annoying. The level of activity influenced reactions; residents ignored our prototype if busy with other occupations, which proves that it did not cause significant disturbance. We further report results from focus group sessions with formal and informal caregivers who discussed a video prototype of our robot. Caregivers encouraged us to enhance the animal like characteristics (in behaviour and materiality) even further to result in richer interactions and provoke haptic pleasure but also pointed out that residents should not mistake the robot for a real cat.
Are Micro-Credentials Valuable for Students? Perspective on Verifiable Digital Credentials
Authors: Kiiskilä Padmasheela , Kukkonen Arttu , Pirkkalainen Henri 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigher education institutions are investing more and investigating digital credentials as proof of learning upon completion of learning offerings, such as micro-credentials. Understanding what value these digital credentials hold for learners and what enables the learners to use digital credentials will help higher education institutions focus their efforts. Although there is research available on value of micro-credentials, there is a huge research gap in understanding the value of digital credentials and the metadata that can be included, especially from learner perspective. To address this gap, we conducted a qualitative analysis study with interviews of learners and administrators in higher education institutions. This study contributes to (1) what value do learners perceive of digital credentials, (2) what value digital credentials have compared to other forms of recognition, such as paper certificates, and (3) what factors enable greater adoption of digital credentials by learners. In terms of practice, our findings help higher education institutions in evaluating the use of digital credentials not only for micro-credentials but also extend them to other learning offerings.