bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Mold‐Based Fabrication of Palladium Nanostructures
Authors: Kemper Ulrich , Ye Jingjing , Poppitz David , Gläser Roger , Seidel Ralf 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDNA origami molds allow a shape‐controlled growth of metallic nanoparticles. So far, this approach is limited to gold and silver. Here, the fabrication of linear palladium nanostructures with controlled lengths and patterns is demonstrated. To obtain nucleation centers for a seeded growth, a synthesis procedure of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) using Bis(p‐sulfonatophenyl)phenylphosphine (BSPP) both as reductant and stabilizer is developed to establish an efficient functionalization protocol of the particles with single‐stranded DNA. Attaching the functionalized particles to complementary DNA strands inside DNA mold cavities supports subsequently a highly specific seeded palladium deposition. This provides rod‐like PdNPs with diameters of 20–35 nm of grainy morphology. Using an annealing procedure and a post‐reduction step with hydrogen, homogeneous palladium nanostructures can be obtained. With the adaptation of the procedure to palladium the capabilities of the mold‐based tool‐box are expanded. In the future, this may allow a facile adaptation of the mold approach to less noble metals including magnetic materials such as Ni and Co.
Pseudo‐Hydrodynamic Flow of Quasiparticles in Semimetal WTe2 at Room Temperature
Authors: Choi Young‐Gwan , Doan Manh‐Ha , Ngoc Luu Ly Pham , Lee Junsu , Choi Gyung‐Min , Chernodub Maxim Nikolaevich 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecently, much interest has emerged in fluid‐like electric charge transport in various solid‐state systems. The hydrodynamic behavior of the electronic fluid reveals itself as a decrease of the electrical resistance with increasing temperature (the Gurzhi effect) in narrow channels, polynomial scaling of the resistance as a function of the channel width, violation of the Wiedemann–Franz law supported by the emergence of the Poiseuille flow. Similar to whirlpools in flowing water, the viscous electronic flow generates vortices, resulting in abnormal sign‐changing electrical response driven by backflow. However, the question of whether the long‐ranged sign‐changing electrical response can be produced by a mechanism other than hydrodynamics has not been addressed so far. Here polarization‐sensitive laser microscopy is used to demonstrate the emergence of visually similar abnormal sign‐alternating patterns in semi‐metallic tungsten ditelluride at room temperature where this material does not exhibit true hydrodynamics. It is found that the neutral quasiparticle current consisting of electrons and holes obeys an equation remarkably similar to the Navier–Stokes equation. In particular, the momentum relaxation is replaced by the much slower process of quasiparticle recombination. This pseudo‐hydrodynamic flow of quasiparticles leads to a sign‐changing charge accumulation pattern via different diffusivities of electrons and holes.
Separator with Nitrogen–Phosphorus Flame‐Retardant for LiNixCoyMn1−x−yO2 Cathode‐Based Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Han Chengyu , Cao Yu , Zhang Shaojie , Bai Liyang , Yang Ming , Fang Siyu , Gong Haochen , Tang Di , Pan Fusheng , Jiang Zhongyi , Sun Jie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the pursuit of high‐energy‐density for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), the hidden safety problems of batteries have gradually emerged. LiNixCoyMn1−x−yO2 (NCM) is considered as an ideal cathode material to meet the urgent needs of high‐energy‐density batteries. However, the oxygen precipitation reaction of NCM cathode at high temperature brings serious safety concerns. In order to promote high‐safety lithium‐ion batteries, herein, a new type of flame‐retardant separator is prepared using flame‐retardant (melamine pyrophosphate, MPP) and thermal stable Poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP). MPP takes the advantage of nitrogen–phosphorus synergistic effect upon the increased internal temperature of LIBs, including the dilution effect of noncombustible gas and the rapidly suppression of undesirable thermal runaway. The developed flame‐retardant separators show negligible shrinkage over 200 °C and it takes only 0.54 s to extinguish the flame in the ignition test, which are much superior to commercial polyolefin separators. Moreover, pouch cells are assembled to demonstrate the application potential of PVDF‐HFP/MPP separators and further verify the safety performance. It is anticipated that the separator with nitrogen–phosphorus flame‐retardant can be extensively applied to various high‐energy‐density devices owing to simplicity and cost‐effectiveness.
A Bioinspired Ultra Flexible Artificial van der Waals 2D‐MoS2 Channel/LiSiOx Solid Electrolyte Synapse Arrays via Laser‐Lift Off Process for Wearable Adaptive Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Hwang Yunjeong , Park Byeongjin , Hwang Seungkwon , Choi Soo‐Won , Kim Han Seul , Kim Ah Ra , Choi Jin Woo , Yoon Jongwon , Kwon Jung‐Dae , Kim Yonghun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWearable electronic devices with next‐generation biocompatible, mechanical, ultraflexible, and portable sensors are a fast‐growing technology. Hardware systems enabling artificial neural networks while consuming low power and processing massive in situ personal data are essential for adaptive wearable neuromorphic edging computing. Herein, the development of an ultraflexible artificial‐synaptic array device with concrete‐mechanical cyclic endurance consisting of a novel heterostructure with an all‐solid‐state 2D MoS2 channel and LiSiOx (lithium silicate) is demonstrated. Enabled by the sequential fabrication process of all layers, by excluding the transfer process, artificial van der Waals devices combined with the 2D‐MoS2 channel and LiSiOx solid electrolyte exhibit excellent neuromorphic synaptic characteristics with a nonlinearity of 0.55 and asymmetry ratio of 0.22. Based on the excellent flexibility of colorless polyimide substrates and thin‐layered structures, the fabricated flexible neuromorphic synaptic devices exhibit superior long‐term potentiation and long‐term depression cyclic endurance performance, even when bent over 700 times or on curved surfaces with a diameter of 10 mm. Thus, a high classification accuracy of 95% is achieved without any noticeable performance degradation in the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology. These results are promising for the development of personalized wearable artificial neural systems in the future.
Synthesis of Magnetic Nanocarrier Conjugated by Folate Based on Tragacanth and In Vitro Investigation of their Efficiency on Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Jalali Somayeh , Moghadam Peyman Najafi , Shafiei‐Irannejad Vahid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this research, a novel nanocarrier is synthesized based on tragacanth as a natural polysaccharide. For this purpose, carboxymethyl tragacanth (CMT) is first synthesized from tragacanth and then it is functionalized with isocyanate (IS) groups. In another parallel synthesis, magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) are prepared by the co‐precipitation method and coated with SiO2 to form MNPs coated SiO2 (MNPs@SiO2). Then MNPs@SiO2 is reacted with CMT‐IS to form Fe3O4@SiO2/CMT. In the second step, the MNPs@SiO2/CMT surface is aminated by reaction with 3‐amino propyl triethoxy silane (APTES) and then it is reacted with folic acid (FA) as a targeting agent to form MNPs@SiO2/CMT/FA nanocarrier. The synthesized nanocarrier is characterized by FT‐IR, SEM, EDX, TEM, XRD, VSM, TGA, and zeta potential analysis and then it is loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) as a typical anti‐cancer drug. The in vitro drug release studies are carried out from the DOX‐loaded nanocarrier. The pH sensitivity of the DOX‐loaded nanocarrier is examined attwo different pHs. The effect of DOX‐loaded nanocarrier is investigated on MCF7 human breast cancer cells and the rate of cancer cell death is determined by MTT assay and drug IC50. The changes in the morphology of the tumor cell nuclei are observed using fluorescence microscopy.
The Next-Door Migrant: Autoethnography of Everyday Home Encounters across Difference
Authors: Vietti Francesco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHomemaking as a process can involve different generations of migrants, connecting multiple stories and scales of mobility: local, national, transnational. This is the case of many tenement houses in Porta Palazzo, a neighbourhood of Turin (Italy) characterized by long standing immigration and cultural diversity. The “biography” of these migrant houses is articulated by the memories of negotiations, conflicts and misunderstandings that have arisen year after year about the various dimensions of shared living. In this chapter, starting from an auto-ethnographic approach, I follow the network of relationships I have established through the everyday encounters with immigrant and native next-door neighbours. The self-reflection about the challenges of reciprocal hospitality is the starting point for an exploration of the formal and informal activities that the tenants organize in the large courtyard of the building, on the threshold between the external, public space of the city and the internal, private space of the building. The liminality of the courtyard offers the chance to make it a transversal space for initiatives that support conviviality, interaction and solidarity, fostering the aspiration to live together across difference.
Welcome upon Conditions: On Visiting a Multigenerational Immigrant House(hold)
Authors: Bonfanti Sara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter builds upon extensive ethnographic research with South Asian diasporas in Britain. To depict and disentangle the complexity of such migrant collectives, three case studies are considered, with different national and religious backgrounds, and diverse times of migration. Mapping out as many Black-and-Minority-Ethnic districts in London, I revisit my fieldwork with a Bangladeshi family in Newham, a Sinhala in Wembley and a Sikh one in Ealing. Drawing from reiterated visits and stays at their homes as a guest-and-ethnographer, I reflect on how house(holding) is maintained in each of these dwellings, where up to four generations live under one roof. In observing their hybrid material cultures, I am also sharing petty practices of domesticity and recording biographical stories from several kin members. Walks-along with informants in the neighborhood extend the appreciation of homemaking past one’s doorstep and add a political dimension to the everyday experience of living in a racialized diaspora. What snoozes under the tag of British-Asians, and to what extent being invited to their abundant dinner table allows an anthropologist into the cultural intimacy of multigenerational migrant households where interests and subjectivities coalesce and compete?
Rooms with Little View: Reluctant Homemaking and the Negotiation of Space in an Asylum Centre
Authors: Boccagni Paolo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReception centres for asylum seekers, and “camps” more broadly, are a subject of increasing interest in refugee, housing and border studies. Only a fraction of this literature, however, draws on proper ethnographic fieldworkwithinthese infrastructures. A case in point is a recent study I have conducted in an asylum centre in northern Italy. My research focus was on the lived experience of the built environment and on the spatial and temporal boundary-making among residents, and between the latter and service providers. Within rooms and shared kitchens that operate as proxies of a domestic space, people do not simply “wait”. They engage in forms of space appropriation (and to a lesser extent, attachment) that illustrate the significance of homemaking in temporary and unhomely settings. Moreover, the social and material inner space of an asylum centre is far from homogeneous. Against accounts of undifferentiated ghettos or non-places, the chapter illustrates the thresholds and layers of domesticity that refugees as guests negotiate, and that an ethnographer as their guest can capture. Without dismissing the attendant dilemmas, I show the contribution of a “being in” approach to co-produce knowledge on inner domestic routines and cultures, on the ways to (re)present oneself, on the traces of past dwelling. A refugee room gives little of an external view, as long as someone gets stuck in. Yet, it provides a uniquely internal view on their everyday life experience and prospects.
O hand, where art thou? Mapping hand location across the visual field during common activities
Authors: Mineiro Joao , Buckingham Gavin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHumans employ visually-guided actions during a myriad of daily activities. These ubiquitous but precise manual actions rely on synergistic work between eye and hand movements. During this close cooperation between hands and eyes, the hands persist in sight in a way which is unevenly distributed across our visual field. One common assertion is that most hand actions occur in the lower visual field (LVF) because the arms are anatomically lower than the head, and objects typically rest on waist-high table surfaces. While experimental work has shown that humans are more efficient at reaching for and grasping targets located below their visual midline (Goodale and Danckert, Exp Brain Res 137:303–308, 2001), there is almost no empirical data detailing where the hands lie in the visual fields during natural hand actions. To build a comprehensive picture of hand location during natural visually guided manual actions, we analyzed data from a large-scale open-access dataset containing 100 h of non-scripted manual object interactions during domestic kitchen tasks filmed from a head-mounted camera. We found a clear vertical visual asymmetry with hands located in the lower visual scene (LVS) in more than 70% of image frames, particularly in ipsilateral space. These findings provide the first direct evidence for the established assumption that hands spend more time in the lower than in the upper visual field (UVF). Further work is required to determine whether this LVF asymmetry differs across the lifespan, in different professions, and in clinical populations.
K-wave modelling of ultrasound wave propagation in aerogels and the effect of physical parameters on attenuation and loss
Authors: Ghimire S. , Sabri F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe complex and highly tortuous microstructure of aerogels has led to the superior insulating capabilities that aerogels are known for. This open cell microstructure has also created a unique acoustic fingerprint that can be manipulated to achieve maximum acoustic insulation/absorption. The goal of this work was to create a computational approach for predicting sound propagation behavior in monolithic aerogels using the wave solving tool k-wave. The model presented here explores attenuation and loss values as a function of density, angle of incidence of wave, and medium (aqueous and non-aqueous) for frequencies in the range of 0.5–1 MHz. High numerical accuracy without a significant computational demand was achieved. Results indicate that loss increases as a function of frequency and the medium that the incoming wave is travelling through dominates the attenuation, loss, and other characteristics more than angle of incidence, and pore structure.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on reported cancer diagnoses in Bavaria, Germany
Authors: Voigtländer Sven , Hakimhashemi Amir , Grundmann Nina , Radespiel-Tröger Martin , Inwald Elisabeth C. , Ortmann Olaf , Gerken Michael , Klug Stefanie J. , Klinkhammer-Schalke Monika , Meyer Martin , Müller-Nordhorn Jacqueline 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of our study was to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on reported cancer cases in Bavaria, Germany, by comparing pre-pandemic (March 2019 to February 2020) and pandemic period (March 2020 to February 2021).

Methods
Data on incident cases were retrieved from the Bavarian Cancer Registry (until 22nd April 2022). We included patients with malignant and in situ neoplasms reported by pathology departments with consistent reporting. We calculated the number of incident cases during the COVID-19 pandemic and the pre-pandemic period with 95% confidence intervals (CI) with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.0018) based on a Poisson approach. We stratified for malignancy (malignant, in situ), tumor site, and month of year.

Results
Data was available for 30 out of 58 pathology departments (51.7%) from Bavaria. Incident malignant neoplasms dropped from 42,857 cases in the pre-pandemic period to 39,980 cases in the pandemic period (− 6.7%; 95% CI − 8.7%, − 4.7%). Reductions were higher for colon, rectum, skin/melanoma as well as liver (> 10.0% reduction) and less for breast cancer (4.9% reduction). No case reductions were observed for pancreas, esophagus, ovary, and cervix. Percent changes were largest for April 2020 (− 20.9%; 95% CI − 24.7%, − 16.8%) and January 2021 (− 25.2%; 95% CI − 28.8%, − 21.5%) compared to the previous year. Declines tended to be larger for in situ compared to malignant neoplasms.

Conclusion
Detection and diagnosis of cancer were substantially reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Potential effects, e.g. a stage shift of tumors or an increase of cancer mortality, need to be monitored.
A prospective evaluation of the effect of transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) on low anterior resection syndrome
Authors: Duggan William P. , Sugrue Diarmuid D. , Shannon Naomi , Murphy Brenda , Burke John P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) is a surgical alternative to transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), transanal excision and proctectomy in the management of benign rectal polyps and early rectal cancers. Low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) describes the constellation of symptoms which result from and are common after distal colorectal resection. Symptoms include incontinence, frequency, urgency and evacuatory dysfunction. The aim of the current study was to prospectively evaluate pre- and post-operative LARS in patients who undergo TAMIS.

Methods
We conducted a prospective analysis of a consecutive series of patients who underwent TAMIS at our institution between January 2021 and February 2022. A LARS questionnaire was undertaken preoperatively, at 1 month and at 6 months post-operatively.

Results
Twenty patients were recruited to this pilot study. The mean age was 63 ± 12 years, 11 of the patients were male, mean pre-operative BMI was 29 ± 6 kg/m2, and 30% (n = 6) of patients underwent TAMIS for an invasive rectal cancer, with all patients receiving an R0 resection. Mean distance from the anal verge was 5.7 ± 3.2 cm, and mean lesion diameter was 46 ± 20.5 mm. A statistically significant interval reduction was observed between preoperative (20.3 ± 12.9) and 6-month post-operative (12.6 ± 9.7) LARS scores (p = 0.02) and also between 1-month (18.2 ± 10.6) and 6-month post-operative scores (p = 0.01).

Conclusions
We noted a high prevalence of LARS across our cohort preoperatively, and this had improved significantly at 6-month review post-TAMIS. This study reaffirms the safety and efficacy of TAMIS for the treatment of early rectal neoplasia.
Characterization of the palaeoenvironmental conditions in the Pannonian Basin during the last 34 mys related to the formation of haematitic and kaolinitic sedimentary rocks
Authors: Trájer Attila J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Pannonian Basin is a sediment-filled back-arc basin which was formed during the Late Paleogene–Neogene period. Such sedimentary rocks like bauxites or kaolinites, which are important with regard to industry in the region, are the products of former weathering processes. However, our knowledge about the palaeoenvironmental conditions which led to the formation of these mineral resources has not yet been integrated. For this purpose, the former biomes, climatic classes as well as karstification, weathering and paedogenic processes were investigated over the last 34 mys using the southeastern regions of China and the United States as climatically analogous regions. By the second half of the Oligocene, the conditions of intensive chemical weathering ceased to exist in the Pannonian Basin, which enabled the formation of lateritic bauxites during earlier periods. However, up to the mid-Serravallian Stage, intensive karstification as well as the formation of haematite-rich ultisols and alfisols continued when humid subtropical climatic conditions came about. The modelled biomes indicate that aridification during the Early to Middle Miocene led to the formation of less dense vegetation, exacerbating the re-deposition of weathering products. These conditions resulted in the accumulation of haematitic and kaolinitic sedimentary rocks in the fossilized karst depressions. The progressive cooling following the mid-Pliocene decreased the intensity of karstification, moreover, the cessation of humid subtropical conditions brought the sedimentation of haematitic and kaolinitic sedimentary rocks in the Pannonian Basin to an end.
Identification of forest vulnerability to droughts in the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: Bento Virgílio A. , Russo Ana , Vieira Inês , Gouveia Célia M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The increase in frequency, severity, and duration of droughts poses as a serious issue to the management of forests in the Iberian Peninsula, with particular emphasis on the decline of forest growth and forest dieback. Hence, the adoption of adaptation and mitigation measures in forest ecosystems that are more vulnerable to drought is a pressing matter that needs to be addressed in the near future.This work aims at identifying the regions in the Iberian Peninsula where forest exhibit high vulnerability to drought conditions. To accomplish that, a vulnerability map is produced by considering three pillar components: exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity to drought. Exposure is estimated based on the multi-scalar drought index Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and aridity, while the remotely sensed Vegetation Health Index (VHI) and mean forested cover are used to assess the regions’ sensitivity to drought. Finally, elevation, water table depth, fire radiative energy, and annual solar irradiation are compiled as indicators to assess adaptive capacity. Principal component analysis was then applied to the three pillar components to identify the areas more vulnerable to drought. This approach allows for the identification of forested areas vulnerable to drought in terms of vulnerability classes automatically determined.Forests presented very high vulnerability in eastern Spain, and central Portugal. Within the most vulnerable vegetation communities, mosaic tree and shrub types revealed to be extremely vulnerable to droughts in the Iberian Peninsula, followed by needle-leaved forests (in Central Portugal, and Northeast Iberia). This work highlights the regions and primary vegetation communities to which the effort of adapting and mitigating drought consequences should be utterly enforced by the responsible authorities.