bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bismuth Infrared Star: Being at a Glance
Authors: Pozdeev Anton S. , Rublev Pavel , Boldyrev Alexander I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBismuth polycations have garnered significant attention from researchers due to their extraordinary and counter‐intuitive structures and stoichiometries. Despite extensive experimental and theoretical investigations, understanding of the bonding in such clusters remains insufficient. An AdNDP bonding analysis was conducted to elucidate the bonding characteristics using both homoatomic and heteroatomic bismuth clusters with various stoichiometries. Analysis of the calculated nucleus‐independent chemical shift data confirmed the aromatic nature of these species. Universal bonding patterns were identified that can be applied to a range of homoatomic and heteroatomic bismuth clusters. Additionally, calculations of absorbance and fluorescence spectra were performed to gain insights into the near‐infrared emission and establish a potential correlation between absorbance and the identified bonding patterns.
Titanium‐Catalyzed Polymerization of a Lewis Base‐Stabilized Phosphinoborane
Authors: Braese Jens , Lehnfeld Felix , Annibale Vincent T. , Oswald Tim , Beckhaus Rüdiger , Manners Ian , Scheer Manfred 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe reaction of the Lewis base‐stabilized phosphinoborane monomer tBuHPBH2NMe3 (2 a) with catalytic amounts of bis(η5:η1‐adamantylidenepentafulvene)titanium (1) provides a convenient new route to the polyphosphinoborane [tBuPH‐BH2]n (3 a). This method offers access to high molar mass materials under mild conditions and with short reaction times (20 °C, 1 h in toluene). It represents an unprecedented example of a transition metal‐mediated polymerization of a Lewis base‐stabilized Group 13/15 compound. Preliminary studies of the substrate scope and a potential mechanism are reported.
Pharmacokinetic Properties of an FDA‐approved Intranasal Nalmefene Formulation for the Treatment of Opioid Overdose
Authors: Crystal Roger , Ellison Mark , Purdon Charlotte , Skolnick Phil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNalmefene is a high‐affinity, long‐duration opioid antagonist that was approved in 1995 as an injection for the treatment of opiate overdose, but subsequently withdrawn (2008) for reasons other than safety or effectiveness. The dramatic rise in opioid overdose deaths over the past 7‐8 years catalyzed the development of an intranasal (IN) formulation of nalmefene for the emergency treatment of opioid overdose. The studies described here compare the pharmacokinetic properties and safety profiles of an IN formulation containing nalmefene (2.7 mg in 0.1 mL) to an approved 1 mg intramuscular (IM) dose. IN nalmefene produced maximum plasma concentrations that were significantly higher than observed following the IM dose (12.2 and 1.77 ng/mL, respectively). The time to reach maximum plasma concentrations was also faster following IN administration (0.25 and 0.33 hours, respectively) with significant differences in plasma concentrations manifested as early as 2.5 minutes after administration (NCT04759768). The plasma half‐life of nalmefene was similar following IM and IN administration (10.6‐11.4 hours). Furthermore, dose‐normalized nalmefene exposure was similar for both 1 spray in each nostril and 2 sprays in the same nostril compared to a single spray in each nostril (NCT05219669). There were no sex differences in the pharmacokinetic properties of either IN or IM nalmefene. In an era when almost 90% of opioid overdose deaths have been linked to high‐potency synthetic opioids, the ability to rapidly deliver high concentrations of nalmefene could represent an important tool for reducing both morbidity and mortality.
Transfer Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol Under Microwave Irradiation Using Mixed Oxides
Authors: Nope Eliana , Sathicq Ángel G. , Martínez José J. , Romanelli Gustavo P. , Luque Rafael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe reaction to obtain furan alcohols is one of the most important in the upgrading of furan derivates. An attractive route is the transfer hydrogenation of furfural using acidic‐basic catalysts. In this work, mixed oxides derived from ternary hydrotalcites were employed to obtain furfuryl alcohol from furfural assisted by microwave irradiation. These materials were characterized via X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption‐desorption isotherms, Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) and the CO2 temperature‐programmed desorption (CO2‐TPD) analyses. The lamellar structure of hydrotalcite‐type materials collapses during the calcination process, resulting in the loss of carbonate anions and hydroxyl groups, present in the interlayer space. This leads to the formation of mixed oxides that exhibit larger surface areas. Furthermore, these changes alter the basic nature of these materials, giving rise to the formation of strong basic sites. The reaction was studied using containing Co2+ and Ni2+ in their structure and was then optimized using distinct primary and secondary alcohols as hydrogen donor sources, as well as distinct temperatures and initial concentrations of furfural. The yields to furfuryl alcohol are strongly dependent on the type of Me2+ in layered oxides mainly due to higher basicity and to the donor employed in the reaction. The mixed oxide containing Co2+ showed complete conversion of furfural and higher yields to furfuryl alcohol (>95 %) at short times of reaction (<1 h).
Solvent‐Free Aerobic Oxidative Cleavage of Methyl Oleate to Biobased Aldehydes over Mechanochemically Synthesized Supported AgAu Nanoparticles
Authors: da Silva Rafael T. P. , Silva Dagoberto O. , de Oliveira Paulo F. M. , Bellabarba Ronan , Johnston Peter , Smit Joost , Holt Jarle , Betham Michael , Rossi Liane M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe performance of mechanochemically synthesized supported bimetallic AgAu nanoalloy catalysts was evaluated in the oxidative cleavage of methyl oleate, a commonly available unsaturated bio‐derived raw material. An extensive screening of supports (SiO2, C, ZrO2, Al2O3), metallic ratios (Ag : Au), reaction times, temperatures, and use of solvents was carried out. The performance was optimized towards productivity and selectivity for the primary cleavage products (aldehydes and oxoesters). The optimal conditions were achieved in the absence of solvent, using Ag8Au92/SiO2 as catalyst, at 80 °C, reaction time of 1 h, substrate to catalyst=555 and 10 bar of molecular oxygen. A strong support effect was observed: the selectivity to aldehydes was best with silica as support, and to esters was best using zirconia. This shows not only that mechanochemical preparation of bimetallic catalysts is a powerful tool to generate useful catalyst compositions, but also that a safe, green, solventless synthesis of bio‐derived products can be achieved by aerobic oxidative cleavage.
Green finance policy and enterprise green development: Evidence from China
Authors: Lyu Yanwei , Bai Yangyang , Zhang Jinning 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlobal environmental issues are becoming increasingly prominent, and green finance may play a key role in achieving sustainable development. This study takes the “Green Financial Reform and Innovation Pilot Zone” policy as a quasi‐natural experiment. The Difference‐in‐Difference model and Propensity Score Matching‐Difference in Difference model are applied to examine the direct effect of green finance policy on the green development of enterprises. A mechanism test model is used to investigate its indirect transmission mechanism. Then several heterogeneity analyses are performed from five perspectives. The results show that green finance policy considerably promotes enterprise green development and the conclusion is supported by a series of robustness tests. The mechanism analyses show that financing constraints and green innovation are the two transmission channels for green finance policy affecting enterprise green development. The heterogeneity analyses indicate that the policy effect is more significant among enterprises those are non‐state‐owned, have managers with a financial background, operate in regions with high marketization, belong to industries with low monopoly, and locate in poilt zones of Zhejiang, Guangdong, and Guizhou. Based on the above findings, policy suggestions are made to establish a win‐win scenario for the economy and the environment.
B(C6F5)3‐Catalyzed Aza‐Friedel–Crafts Reaction of Indolizines with 2‐Aryl‐3H‐indol‐3‐ones
Authors: Liu Lei , He Yonghui , Zou Chang‐Peng , Ma Tao , Qiao Xiu‐Xiu , Jiang Yuntao , Li Ganpeng , Zhao Xiao‐Jing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA Friedel–Crafts reaction of indolizines with 2‐aryl‐3H‐indol‐3‐ones catalyzed by B(C6F5)3 is described. This protocol gives access to indolizine derivatives that are valuable building blocks in synthetic and pharmaceutical chemistry. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions, affording various C2‐quaternary indolin‐3‐ones based on indolizine with high yields and regioselectivities. Moreover, the synthetic transformations of the target products were realized by N‐methylation and trifluoromethane sulfonation.
Financial time series classification method based on low‐frequency approximate representation
Authors: Liu Bing , Cheng Huanhuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAiming at the mode mixing problems of high frequency information caused by fluctuation agglomeration and pointed peak thick tail of financial time series, a time series classification method based on low frequency approximate representation is proposed. The steps are as follows. Firstly, complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) was used to decompose the time series into a series of modal components and residual terms, and the permutation entropy of the modal components and residual terms was calculated. And the permutation entropy was clustered into two categories by Fisher's optimal segmentation method. Then, according to the clustering results of permutation entropy, the corresponding modal components and residual terms were integrated into high frequency information and low frequency information, so as to realize the adaptive extraction of low frequency information. Secondly, distance matrices were obtained by Euclidean distance (ED) or dynamic time warping (DTW) for low frequency information, and then the nearest neighbor 1‐NN algorithm was used to classify time series.
Modeling of a hybrid power system integrating solar radiation and syngas combustion energy
Authors: Cheng Chin‐Hsiang , Huang Shang‐Ting 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aims to model a hybrid power system that can continuously generate power by switching between two possible thermal sources: solar radiation and combustion energy from synthesis gases. The system comprised a hybrid energy receiver, solar dish, Stirling generator, fluidized‐bed gasifier, boiler, and water tank. The solar dish was a dual‐reflection solar collector that used two mirrors, namely the main and subordinate concentrators, to concentrate a broad expanse of solar radiation onto a hybrid energy receiver. The fluidized‐bed gasifier was employed for the production of synthesis gases. The synthesis gases were combusted to provide an auxiliary heat source for the Stirling generator when solar radiation was insufficient. Solar radiation or combustion energy was alternatively introduced into the hybrid energy receiver and converted to power by a 1‐kW‐scale beta‐type Stirling engine. In this manner, the Stirling generator could serve as a base‐load power plant regardless of solar conditions. In this study, a complete quantitative model was developed for a demonstration plant by incorporating thermodynamic and dynamic models of the beta‐type Stirling engine, a ray‐tracing model for the dual‐reflection solar dish, an energy model of the hybrid energy receiver, and experimental data for the fluidized‐bed gasifier. The performance response of the system during switching between solar radiation and combustion energy was predicted. The modeling results indicated that switching can result in a continuous power output ranging from 600 to 1200 W. With synthesis gas combustion as the auxiliary heat source, the hybrid Stirling power system can be operated continuously, and the overall power output is increased by 109.82% compared to a conventional concentrated solar power system that only uses solar radiation.
Physicochemical understanding of biomineralization by molecular vibrational spectroscopy: From mechanism to nature
Authors: Liu Hao , Jiang Hui , Liu Xiaohui , Wang Xuemei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe process and mechanism of biomineralization and relevant physicochemical properties of mineral crystals are remarkably sophisticated multidisciplinary fields that include biology, chemistry, physics, and materials science. The components of the organic matter, structural construction of minerals, and related mechanical interaction, etc., could help to reveal the unique nature of the special mineralization process. Herein, the paper provides an overview of the biomineralization process from the perspective of molecular vibrational spectroscopy, including the physicochemical properties of biomineralized tissues, from physiological to applied mineralization. These physicochemical characteristics closely to the hierarchical mineralization process include biological crystal defects, chemical bonding, atomic doping, structural changes, and content changes in organic matter, along with the interface between biocrystals and organic matter as well as the specific mechanical effects for hardness and toughness. Based on those observations, the special physiological properties of mineralization for enamel and bone, as well as the possible mechanism of pathological mineralization and calcification such as atherosclerosis, tumor micro mineralization, and urolithiasis are also reviewed and discussed. Indeed, the clearly defined physicochemical properties of mineral crystals could pave the way for studies on the mechanisms and applications.
The correlation between Th17/Treg immune dysregulation and the disease severity in chronic spontaneous urticaria patients
Authors: Yang Xiaojing , Chen Leigang , Wang Shining , Wu Yuanhui , Zhou Xiangzhao , Meng Zhaoying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveChronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) has a profound impact on the sleep quality, productivity and overall quality of life of affected individuals. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum Th17/Treg immune dysregulation and the severity of CSU in patients.MethodsClinical baseline data of 120 CSU patients and matched healthy controls were recorded. The pruritus level, disease severity, and quality of life of CSU patients were assessed using the visual analogue scale, weekly Urticaria Activity Score and chronic urticaria quality of life questionnaire, respectively. The Th17/Treg cell ratio was detected by flow cytometry. ELISA was used to measure the levels of serum Th17 cytokines (IL‐17, IL‐21) and Treg cytokines (TGF‐β1, IL‐35). Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted to examine the associations between these indicators.ResultsNo significant differences were identified in terms of sex, age, and BMI between the two groups. However, CSU patients exhibited a significant increase in the Th17 cell ratio, as well as the elevated serum levels of TGF‐β1, IL‐17 and, IL‐21. Conversely, the proportion of Treg cells and the levels of IL‐35 were remarkably decreased in CSU patients. Peripheral blood Th17 cells were negatively correlated with Treg cells. The severity of pruritus, life quality, and disease severity in CSU patients were positively correlated to Th17 cell ratio, and inversely correlated with Treg cell proportion.ConclusionsA positive correlation was found between the percentage of peripheral blood Th17 cell in CSU patients and the pruritus level, life quality, and disease severity. In constrast, there was a negative correlation between the proportion of peripheral blood Treg cells and these clinical parameters.
Expression of circulating angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 in children with asthma and the effects of inhaled corticosteroids
Authors: Ma Xiang , Liu Lesen , Sun Jing , Zhang Yun , Liu Yanqin , Liu Miao , Wang Bing , Chang Yuna , Han Yuling , Gai Zhongtao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has resulted in a significant disease burden, yet asthma patients do not have the expected high morbidity and mortality rates in the pandemics of COVID‐19.ObjectiveTo find the difference of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in asthma and nonasthma children and evaluate the effect of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on its expression.MethodsThe ACE2, immunoglobulin E (IgE), and eosinophils were tested in different children.ResultsA total of 157 children aged 3–16 years were enrolled. The expression of ACE2 in asthma children were lower than nonasthma children (T = −2.512, p = .013). Allergic nonasthma children had a significant higher ACE2 expression than children with allergic asthma (p = .013) and nonallergic asthma (p = .029). The expression of ACE2 had no significant difference between first‐diagnosed asthma children and that had been treated with ICS for ≥6 months (F = 0.028, p = .598). The allergic asthma children showed a significantly higher eosinophils cells (EC) count than the allergic nonasthma (W = 200, p < .001) and nonallergic nonasthma children (W = 1089, p < .001). Nonallergic asthma children also had a significant higher EC count than the allergic non‐asthma (W = 182.5, p < .001) and nonallergic non‐asthma (W = 200.5, p < .001) children. There was no significant difference in IgE levels between asthmatic children and non‐asthmatic children (W = 2792.5, p = .18).ConclusionCirculating ACE2 levels in asthmatic children were lower than those in non‐asthmatic children and ICS treatment for ≥6 months did not affect the expression of ACE2 in peripheral blood in the asthma children.
Immunomodulatory role of spleen tyrosine kinase in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases
Authors: Zhou Yaqi , Zhang Yaowen , Yu Wei , Qin Yufen , He Heng , Dai Fengxian , Wang Yibo , Zhu Fengqin , Zhou Guangxi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe high prevalence of chronic inflammatory diseases or autoimmune reactions is a major source of concern and affects the quality of life of patients. Chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases are associated with many diseases in humans, including asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease and cancer. Splenic tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non–receptor tyrosine kinase that plays an important role in immune receptor signalling in immune and inflammatory responses.MethodsThis is a review article in which we searched for keywords “splenic tyrosine kinase”, “inflammation” and “autoimmune diseases” in published literature such as Pubmed and Web of Science to collect relevant information and then conducted a study focusing on the latest findings on the involvement of SYK in chronic inflammatory or autoimmune diseases.ResultsThis paper reviews the regulation of Fcγ, NF–κB, B cell and T cell–related signalling pathways by SYK, which contributes to disease progression in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases such as airway fibrosis, inflammatory skin disease and inflammatory bowel disease.ConclusionThis paper shows that SYK plays an important role in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. syk targets hematological, autoimmune and other inflammatory diseases and therefore, inhibition of SYK expression or blocking its related pathways may provide new ideas for clinical prevention and treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases.
A study of the efficacy and safety of plaque psoriasis treatment by TNF‐α and IL‐17A inhibitor biologics in patients who received the inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine
Authors: Ye Shuhong , Sun Hong , Xu Zining , Xu Bingyang , Wu Na , Wu Jiawen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundVaccination is an important method for the prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) transmission. There is currently a lack of real‐world clinical data regarding the safety and efficacy of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines with respect to plaque psoriasis treatment involving tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐17A (IL‐17A) inhibitors.MethodsWe longitudinally analyzed 152 patients with plaque psoriasis, 86 of whom received two doses of inactivated COVID‐19 vaccine (either BBIBP‐CorV or CoronaVac). Comparisons were made between patients undergoing treatment with biologics (TNF‐ α inhibitors or IL‐17A inhibitors) or acitretin. Routine blood tests were used to assess safety; the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) were used to assess efficacy.ResultsAfter inactivated COVID‐19 vaccination, biologics retained considerable advantages in terms of improving skin lesions (measured by PASI) and quality of life (measured by DLQI), compared with conventional treatment (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Routine blood tests and hepatorenal function analyses suggested that inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines did not alter the safety of biologics treatment (p > 0.05).ConclusionsInactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines do not have significant impacts on the safety and efficacy of biologics (TNF‐α inhibitors or IL‐17A inhibitors) in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.
Transcription factor Krüppel‐like factor 4 upregulated G protein‐coupled receptor 30 alleviates intestinal inflammation and apoptosis, and protects intestinal integrity from intestinal ischemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Yin Jie , Xie Xiaoli , Yao Jinfeng , Jin Xiaoxu , Jiang Huiqing , Ji Chenguang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionIntestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common clinical event occurring during multiple clinical pathological processes. Here, we designed this paper to discuss the role of G protein‐coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) playing in intestinal I/R injury.MethodsAn oxygen‐glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) cell model was established to simulate the pathological process of I/R injury. With the application of enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, TUNEL, and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) assays, the levels of inflammatory cytokines, cell apoptosis, and intestinal integrity were estimated. The corresponding proteins were estimated by applying western blot. Immunofluorescence was conducted to examine N‐terminal Gasdermin D (GSDMD‐N) expression. The interplay between KLF4 and GPR30 was demonstrated by dual‐luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation.ResultsThe results showed that GPR30 was downregulated in Caco‐2 cells exposed to OGD/R. GPR30 overexpression reduced the production of TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐1β, and IL‐18, the TUNEL‐positive cells, as well as the contents of p‐p65, Cox‐2, Inos, Bax, and cleaved‐PARP, but elevated the expression of Bcl‐2 in OGD/R‐induced Caco‐2 cells. In addition, OGD/R‐induced the reduction of TEER value and reduced expression of tight junction proteins in Caco‐2 cells, which was partially restored by GPR30 overexpression. Furthermore, GPR30 suppressed nod‐like receptor pyrin 3 inflammasome and GSDMD‐N expression. It was evidenced that Krüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) could directly bind to GPR30 promoter and positively regulate GPR30 expression. The regulation of GPR30 overexpression above was weakened by KLF4 knockdown.ConclusionCollectively, our findings suggested that KLF4 could transcriptionally upregulate GPR30, and GPR30 prevented intestine I/R injury by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis, and maintaining intestinal integrity that provides potential targets for mitigating the I/R injury.