bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards improved seasonal rainfall prediction in the tropical Pacific Islands
Authors: Tigona Robson , Ongoma Victor , Weir Tony 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a major influence on interannual variability of rainfall in stations in the tropical southwest Pacific. Predictions of seasonal rainfall, especially a season or two ahead, are of great value to these countries. This paper therefore examines the correlations over ~ 60 years between seasonal rainfall and 8 ENSO indicators at 16 island stations, allowing for lead times. The results show the influence on rainfall of the position and movement of the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ) during ENSO events, and that the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), the sea surface temperature anomaly in the central Pacific (Niño 3.4), and the warm water volume in the eastern Pacific (WWV1) have longer lead times compared to most other ENSO indicators. These indicators can therefore be used with confidence in SCOPIC, a widely used statistical tool for prediction of seasonal rainfall. (As global climate models generally have systematic errors in their depiction of the SPCZ, they cannot yet be used directly to reliably predict seasonal rainfall in this region.) For several sites near the SPCZ, we find that a moderately good forecast of rainfall in both spring and summer can be made from indicators measured in June–July (i.e., 3–6 months in advance.)
Neue Berechnungsmethode für die Bestimmung auftretender Zahnfußspannungen in evolventischen flankenzentrierten Zahnwellenverbindungen
Authors: Spura Christian , Pantke Klaus 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungZur Übertragung hoher Drehmomente wird in der Antriebstechnik am häufigsten die Zahnwellenverbindung eingesetzt. Bezeichnende Einsatzgebiete sind der Gelenkwellen- und Getriebebau, die Lenkungstechnik sowie die Koppelung unterschiedlicher Antriebseinheiten, wie z. B. Motor und Getriebe. Infolge der geometrischen Form kommt es bei Belastung zu einem flächenförmigen Zahnflankenkontakt zwischen Wellen- und Nabenverzahnung. Als lebensdauerbeeinflussende und für die konstruktive Auslegung wichtigste Parameter sind u. a. die Zahnflankenpressung und die Zahnfußspannungen zu nennen. Die Berechnung der auftretenden Zahnfußspannungen war und ist Gegenstand gängiger Literatur. In diesem Beitrag wird die Zahnfußspannung für Zahnwellen nach DIN 5480 mit ihren geometrischen Größen mithilfe der Finite-Elemente-Simulation untersucht. Anschließend wird auf Basis der Simulationsergebnisse eine Berechnungsmethode mittels Einflusszahlen abgeleitet und mit experimentellen Versuchsergebnissen aus der gängigen Literatur abgeglichen. Die abgeleitete Berechnungsmethode enthält Analogien der aus dem Bereich der Laufverzahnungen bekannten Zahnfußspannungsberechnung nach ISO 6336‑3 Methode C. Die berechneten Zahnfußspannungen führen im Allgemeinen zu geringfügig höheren Zahnfußspannungen und liegen damit auf der sicheren Seite. Die Berechnungsmethode ist somit ohne großen Aufwand direkt für die praktische Anwendung einsetzbar und kann im Weiteren für den Einzug in eine Berechnungsrichtlinie genutzt werden.
Passive identification of subjective preferences toward individual items using eye-tracking in a virtual reality environment
Authors: Gabay Michal , Schonberg Tom 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe usage of virtual reality (VR) has been growing in many fields of research and therapy thanks to its immersive and gamified nature. Detection of the users’ subjective experience is thus essential for the effective personalization of content. Eye-tracking (ET) data and specifically gaze, in two-dimensional tasks, has been linked to value-based choices and emotional states. Therefore, here we aimed to develop a method for passive identification of subjective preferences based on ET data collected during a VR experience. For this purpose, we developed a naturalistic dynamic VR task where participants searched and looked at complex objects of pets and their control shapes that appeared in pre-defined locations in random order. At the end of the task, participants ranked their preference, valence, and arousal of the items they saw during the task. ET data was recorded using a built-in binocular eye-tracker within the VR headset. We found that the gaze behavior features of the median distance of gaze from the center of objects and the median gaze scan speed showed a significant interaction with object type (pets/shapes), as well as a significant positive relation to preference and valence rankings of pets. Our results suggest that these gaze behavior features could be used as passive biomarkers for detecting individual preferences and pleasantness, and in the future may enable successful personalization of VR content in real-time for various applications such as optimization of psychiatric diagnosis and treatment sessions.
Interventions to reduce burnout in students: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Madigan Daniel J. , Kim Lisa E. , Glandorf Hanna L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBurnout is common among students and can negatively influence their motivation, performance, and wellbeing. However, there is currently little consensus regarding how to intervene effectively. Consequently, we provide the first systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing burnout in students. A systematic literature search returned 17 studies (10 randomized controlled trials and 7 quasi-experimental trials), which included 2,462 students from secondary and tertiary levels of education. These studies used a range of interventions (e.g., mindfulness, rational emotive behavior therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy). When the effects were aggregated across interventions, there was evidence for their effectiveness in reducing total burnout (g+ = 0.90, p = .02, 95% CI: [0.04, 1.75], k = 14). However, we also found evidence for moderation and nonsignificant effects when certain symptoms, designs, and intervention-types were examined. The strongest evidence for effectiveness was for randomized controlled trials, rational emotive behavior therapy, and mindfulness-based interventions. This review provides initial evidence for the efficacy of interventions in reducing burnout in students, but we note that a more systematic examination of particular intervention types, especially those designed to target the organisational-level, would be useful, and to have the most impact in informing policy, so too are studies examining the cost effectiveness of such interventions.
What controls home range relocations by estuarine fishes downstream from watersheds with altered freshwater flow?
Authors: Kendall Matthew S. , Siceloff Laughlin , O’Donnell Patrick , Jessen Brita , Williams Bethany L. , Winship Arliss J. , Ellis Robert D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe tracked locations of three fish species in two bays with differing hydrology in SW Florida in 2018–2020 to test the hypotheses about fish residency, movements, and environmental variables. Due to extensive watershed modification, one bay receives less freshwater and the other receives more relative to natural conditions. Home range duration differed for gray snapper (54 ± 6 days), red drum (132 ± 39), and goliath grouper (226 ± 63). Distances between relocation movements were similar for gray snapper and red drum (~ 1.2 km), but farther for goliath grouper (2.3 ± 0.3 km). Relocations were primarily seaward for gray snapper (83%) but varied for the other species. Home range duration related to age for goliath grouper (< 100 days for 1–1.5-year-olds, 300–425 days for 4–4.5-year-olds). Generalized additive models marginally related probability of gray snapper relocating to salinity and temperature whereas relocations of the other species occurred during all environmental conditions. Movement simulations lacking environmental cues produced similar emigration patterns as observed in tagged fish. Overall, results suggest that movements here are not strongly linked to environmental conditions, will be resilient to watershed restoration that should moderate salinity, and have implications for understanding the impacts of localized depletion due to recreational fishing.
Government debt, European Institutions and fiscal rules: a synthetic control approach
Authors: Kraemer Robert , Lehtimäki Jonne 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPublic debt and its development are key questions of public sector economics and fiscal policy. This paper uses the Synthetic Control Method to study how different large-scale steps of European integration and the establishment of the EU fiscal framework have affected government debt in EU Member States. The results point to a notable debt-restricting effect of EU membership and the introduction of the Stability and Growth Pact for a large majority of the studied country groupings as well as for individual countries. Outside of a few individual countries, the actual government debt levels are substantially lower than in the synthetic alternatives.
Perceived Parental Control, Parent-Adolescent Relationship and Adolescents’ Psychological Adjustment. Does Gender Matter?
Authors: Bacikova-Sleskova Maria , Barbierik Lucia , Orosová Oľga 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to explore the gender-specific links between perceived parental behavioral and psychological control and adolescents’ psychological adjustment directly and indirectly through the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship. The participants in the study were 930 early adolescents (mean age 12.9; SD 0.71; 49.9% girls) who filled in questionnaires about the parenting of their parents (for mothers and fathers respectively) as well as their own psychological adjustment (self-esteem and life satisfaction). The results of the structural equation modeling showed that the perception of adolescents regarding their parents’ behavioral and psychological control is significantly directly and/or indirectly associated with their psychological adjustment. Behavioral control was found to be positively and psychological control negatively associated with psychological adjustment. These associations have shown some gender-specific patterns. Among the boys, perceived control was associated with boys’ psychological adjustment indirectly through the quality of the parent-adolescent relationship for both mothers and fathers. On the other hand, the link between parental control and psychological adjustment among the girls was found to be direct for the father’s control and both direct and indirect for the mother’s control. Maternal control was associated with adolescents’ adjustment only indirectly through the quality of the mother-adolescent relationship while more direct associations were found among the fathers. This was particularly the case for the father-daughter dyad. However, the results were found to contradict previous findings in several points. This could have been attributed to the age of early adolescence as well as the cultural specifics of the sample.
Analysis of retest reliability for pregnant women undergoing cfDNA testing with a no-call result
Authors: He Shuqiong , Zhang Qian , Chen Meihuan , Chen Xuemei , Liang Bin , Lin Na , Huang Hailong , Xu Liangpu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Determining the reasons for unreportable or no-call cell-free DNA (cfDNA) test results has been an ongoing issue, and a consensus on subsequent management is still lacking. This study aimed to explore potential factors related to no-call cfDNA test results and to discuss whether retest results are reliable.

Methods and results
This was a retrospective study of women with singleton pregnancies undergoing cfDNA testing in 2021. Of the 9871 pregnant patients undergoing cfDNA testing, 111 had a no-call result, and their results were compared to those of 170 control patients. The no-call rate was 1.12% (111/9871), and the primary cause for no-call results was data fluctuation (88.29%, 98/111). Medical conditions were significantly more frequent in the no-call group than in the reportable results group (P < 0.001). After retesting, 107 (107/111, 96.40%) patients had a result, and the false-positive rate (FPR) of retesting was 10.09% (10.09%, 11/109). In addition, placental lesions were more frequent in the no-call group than in the reportable results group (P = 0.037), and 4 patients, all in the no-call group, experienced pregnancy loss.

Conclusions
Pregnant women with medical conditions are more likely to have a no-call result. A retest is suggested for patients with a no-call result, but retests have a high FPR. In addition, pregnant women with a no-call result are at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. In conclusion, more attention should be given to pregnant women for whom a no-call cfDNA result is obtained.
The impact of local financial development and corruption control on firm efficiency in Vietnam: evidence from a geoadditive stochastic frontier analysis
Authors: Haschka Rouven E. , Herwartz Helmut , Silva Coelho Clara , Walle Yabibal M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we use a geoadditve Bayesian stochastic frontier analysis to empirically assess the impact of provincial-level financial development, corruption control, and their interaction on firm efficiency in Vietnam. Using panel data from more than 40,000 Vietnamese firms during 2006-2013, we find that financial development decreases firm efficiency, while corruption control promotes it. Moreover, financial development and corruption control interact positively in affecting firm efficiency. Our results imply that corruption control not only enhances firm efficiency directly by reducing unnecessary regulatory burdens, costs, and delays, but it also offsets potential inefficiencies that arise from increased financial development.
Optimizing Sanitation Network Upgrading Projects in Slum Areas
Authors: Marzouk Mohamed , Bahi Mahmoud , El-Anwar Omar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInfrastructure upgrading projects are a key element in enhancing the livelihood of residents in slum areas. These projects face significant constructability challenges common to dense-urban construction coupled with the unique socioeconomic challenges of operating in slums. This research focuses on sanitation network upgrading projects in slum areas and proposes a novel methodology capable of (1) accounting for the unique constructability challenges for these projects, (2) accelerating the provision of sanitation services, and (3) optimizing construction decisions. The key contribution of this research to the body of knowledge is in developing a comprehensive construction planning framework capable of achieving these three objectives. The proposed framework focuses specifically on sewer lines upgrading within the larger sanitation networks upgrading projects. This framework consists of five main models that can guide planners in selecting the appropriate equipment sizes, trench system configuration, and optimal equipment routing, in addition to identifying all possible execution sequences along with the corresponding construction cost and duration of each sequence. Most notably, this framework proposes an approach to assess the serviceability of different construction plans measured by how fast sanitary services can be provided to slum dwellers. A multi-objective, genetic algorithms optimization model is developed to identify the optimal construction plans that accelerate the sanitary service provision to residents while minimizing construction costs. A real-world example is presented to demonstrate the model capabilities in optimizing construction plans.
Disdainful Hookups: a Powerful Social Determinant of Health
Authors: Puigvert Lidia , Racionero-Plaza Sandra , Lopez de Aguileta Garazi , Tellado Itxaso , Molina Silvia , Pulido-Rodríguez Miguel Ángel , Ugalde Leire , Flecha Ramon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe health consequences of gender violence, a global health and social problem, are increasingly studied. Among its roots, research has identified a coercive dominant discourse imposing the idea that masculinities and relationships marked by abuse and domination are more attractive than egalitarian ones. To prevent the health consequences of gender violence, it is necessary to understand the factors that lead many adolescents to fall into it. This study aims to identify the specific mechanisms by which the coercive dominant discourse manifests in the peer group and its consequences for adolescents. Forty-one 15- and 16-year-old female adolescents from three high schools in Barcelona participated in the study. Eight communicative discussion groups were conducted to deepen on participants’ perceptions regarding how peer interactions promote the learning of attraction to violence in sexual-affective relationships. The results show that the participants perceived and experienced different types of coercion to have violent relationships in their peer group interactions. Those interactions fostered the reproduction of the association between sexual-affective attraction and males with aggressive attitudes and behaviors. Many peers coerce others to have disdainful hookups which have very negative health consequences for the victims, including suicidal ideation and committing suicide. Some peer groups become a risk developmental context for female adolescents as far as they foster the coercive dominant discourse, push some young women to engage in violent sporadic relationships, and even harass some others afterwards. This clarifies the importance of peer group-level interventions when addressing the health consequences of gender violence in adolescence.
Alpträume, Alptraumthemen & luzides Träumen bei einer Gruppe männlicher JVA-Inhaftierter
Authors: Klofat Beate , Steingen Ulrich 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die raren Studien zum Schlaf Inhaftierter fokussieren auf Schlafqualität und Insomnie. Aufgrund von Traumatisierung wie belastenden Haftbedingungen ist ein hohes Risiko für Parasomnien, v. a. Alpträume, bei dieser schwer erreichbaren Population anzunehmen. Dennoch gibt es hierzu bislang keine Studien. Ziel war es, Parasomnie- und Alptraumprävalenzen in Justizvollzugsanstalten (JVA) zu erheben sowie Korrelationen zu Schlafqualität und anderen Faktoren explorativ zu untersuchen und Alptraumthemen zu beleuchten.

Methodik
Von 29 im COVID-Lockdown kontaktierten JVAs beteiligte sich lediglich die JVA Hannover. 33 Inhaftierte wurden mittels standardisierter Fragebögen zu Schlafqualität, diversen Parasomnien, luzidem Träumen und Alptraumthemen befragt.

Ergebnisse
Über allgemein schlechte Schlafqualität hinaus zeigten sich bei den Inhaftierten annähernd alle Parasomnie-Prävalenzen erhöht, insbesondere REM-Schlaf-Verhaltensstörung (RBD)/Dream Enactment und Alpträume. 33 % litten mehrfach wöchentlich unter Alpträumen, 21 % jede/fast jede Nacht, 61 % unter wiederkehrenden Alpträumen. Inhalte reflektieren u. a. Verlust von Angehörigen und Hafterleben. Erstaunlich häufig zeigte sich luzides Träumen (36 % ≥ 2 ×/Mon). Die Alptraumbelastung korreliert mit Schlafqualität, RBD und Rate an luziden Träumen.

Diskussion
Übereinstimmend mit der Literatur bestätigen unsere Daten die schlechte Schlafqualität Inhaftierter und ergänzen diese um vorläufige Ergebnisse zu Parasomnien. Interkorrelationen weisen auf Trauma-assoziierte Schlafstörungen (TASD) als mögliches Bindeglied. Aufgrund des starken Leidensdrucks wie auch in Hinblick auf potenziell weitergreifende Effekte sollte in JVAs systematisch nach Alpträumen gescreent werden und spezifische Behandlungsangebote sollten evaluiert und implementiert werden.
Voluntary Assisted Dying/Euthanasia: Will This Have an Impact on Cancer Care in Future Years?
Authors: Philip Jennifer , Le Brian , La Brooy Camille , Olver Ian , Kerridge Ian , Komesaroff Paul 
Published: August 2023

Opinion statementIn considering the impact of medically hastened death (MHD) on cancer care, a wide range of variables needs to be considered including demographic factors, diagnoses, local cultural factors, and the legislative frameworks in place. Here, we present a synthesis of recently available published literature and empirical data collected following legislative change to enable MHD in Victoria, Australia to explore in detail the potential impact of MHD on cancer care with a focus on patients/families and professional groups. Our findings reveal that for patients and families, both physical and existential distress frequently underlie MHD requests, with the latter less readily recognised by health professionals. The responses of those around the patient making the request may have a very significant impact on relationships within families and upon the nature of the subsequent bereavement. For palliative care, while differing views may remain, it appears that there has been some accommodation of MHD into or alongside practice over time. The recognition of a shared commitment to relief of suffering of palliative care and MHD appears a helpful means of establishing how these practices may co-exist. In cancer practice more broadly, as individual professionals reflect upon their own roles, new relationships and pathways of patient movement (or referral) must be established in response to patients’ requests. Our findings also highlight many unanswered questions in understanding the impact of MHD, including that upon those dying who choose not to access MHD, First Nations peoples, the participating health professionals’ longer term, and the relief of suffering itself. A systematic approach to the evaluation of MHD legislation must be adopted in order to understand its full impact. Only then could it be determined if the aspirations for such legislative change were being met.