bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coherent at face value: Integration of forest carbon targets in Finnish policy strategies
Authors: Pitzén Samuli , Lukkarinen Jani , Primmer Eeva 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCarbon sequestration and capture have gained a central position in forest governance, alongside wood production and biodiversity conservation, resulting in calls for policy coherence and integration across the EU. While coherence is often a target in the technical assessment of the policy design, it is important to understand how incoherent policies are supported by disconnected or incongruent knowledge claims and epistemologies. We address the coherence of forest policy by analysing the content and knowledge claims in forest, bioeconomy, and biodiversity strategies of Finland, an EU member state in which forests have a strong economic, political, and cultural status. Focussing on the argumentation regarding forest carbon, our analysis shows that the policy domains remain largely disconnected and rely on differentiated knowledge bases. Despite the explicit claims about policy coherence, few genuine attempts have been made towards integration and coordination between the domains. Our analysis reveals the different logics with which climate change is to be governed, and the types of knowledge utilised and produced in the integration of forest carbon as a policy object. Our analysis suggests that policy strategies with sectoral foci facilitate incoherent policymaking due to unresolved trade-offs and knowledge disagreements. Knowledge used in the policy design and implementation processes should be discussed thoroughly, and thereby integrated.
Endothelial-derived small extracellular vesicles support B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia development
Authors: Huang Dan , Yuan Yamin , Cao Liyuan , Zhang Difan , Jiang Yu , Zhang Yaping , Chen Chiqi , Yu Zhuo , Xie Li , Wei Yujuan , Wan Jiangbo , Zheng Junke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The bone marrow niche plays an important role in leukemia development. However, the contributions of different niche components to leukemia development and their underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear.

Method
Cre/LoxP-based conditional knockout technology was used to delete VPS33B or ANGPTL2 gene in niche cells. Murine B-ALL model was established by overexpressing the N-Myc oncogene in hematopoietic stem progenitor cells. The frequency of leukemia cells and immunophenotypic B220+ CD43+ LICs was detected by flow cytometry. SEVs was isolated by sequential centrifugation and mass spectrometry was performed to analyze the different components of SEVs. Immunoprecipitation and western blot were used to measure the interaction of VPS33B and ANGPTL2.

Results
Here, we showed that specific knockout of vascular protein sorting 33b (Vps33b) in endothelial cells (ECs), but not megakaryocytes or mesenchymal stem cells, resulted in a significant decrease in the secretion of small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) and a delay in the development of B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Vps33b knockdown endothelial cells contained much lower levels of SEVs that contained angiopoietin-like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) than the control cells. Importantly, conditional knockout of Angptl2 in ECs significantly delayed B-ALL progression. Moreover, C-terminal region of ANGPTL2 (aa247-471) could directly interact with Sec1-like domain 1 of VPS33B (aa1-aa146). We further demonstrated that the point mutations R399H and G402S in ANGPTL2 led to a dramatic decrease in the secretion of ANGPTL2-SEVs. We also showed that wild-type ANGPTL2-containing SEVs, but not mutant ANGPTL2-containing SEVs, significantly enhanced B-ALL development.

Conclusion
In summary, our findings indicate that the secretion of ANGPTL2-containing SEVs in ECs sustains the leukemogenic activities of B-ALL cells, which is fine-tuned by the direct interaction of VPS33B and ANGPTL2. These findings reveal that niche-specific SEVs play an important role in B-ALL development.

Graphical abstract
Notum enhances gastric cancer stem-like cell properties through upregulation of Sox2 by PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Liu Yi , Chen Hui , Xiao Lanshu , Dong Ping , Ma Yanhui , Zhou Yunlan , Yang Junyao , Bian Bingxian , Xie Guohua , Chen Lei , Shen Lisong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Considerable evidence suggests that tumor cells with stemness features contribute to initiation, progression, recurrence of gastric cancer (GC) and resistance to therapy, but involvement of underlying regulators and mechanisms remain largely unclear. However, the clinical significance and biological function of Notum in GC tumor sphere formation and tumorigenesis remain unclear.

Methods
Bioinformatics analysis, RT-qPCR, western blot and imunohistochemistry staining were applied to characterize Notum expression in GC specimens. The early diagnostic value of Notum was analyzed by logistic regression analysis method. Cancer stemness assays were used in Notum knockdown and overexpressing cells in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq was employed to reveal the downstream effectors of Notum.

Results
Notum is highly expressed in early stage of GC patients and stem-like GC cells. For discriminating the early-stage and advanced GC patients, the joint analysis had a better diagnostic value. Overexpression of Notum markedly increased stemness features of GC cells to promote tumor sphere formation and tumorigenesis. Conversely, Notum knockdown attenuated the stem-like cell properties in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, Notum upregulates Sox2 through activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Notum inhibitor Caffeine exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on stemness features by impairing the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway activity and targeting Sox2.

Conclusion
Our findings confer a comprehensive and mechanistic function of Notum in GC tumor sphere formation and tumorigenesis that may provide a novel and promising target for early diagnosis and clinical therapy of GC.
RFDANet: an FMCW and TOF radar fusion approach for driver activity recognition using multi-level attention based CNN and LSTM network
Authors: Gu Minming , Chen Kaiyu , Chen Zhixiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDangerous driving behavior is a major contributing factor to road traffic accidents. Identifying and intervening in drivers’ unsafe driving behaviors is thus crucial for preventing accidents and ensuring road safety. However, many of the existing methods for monitoring drivers’ behaviors rely on computer vision technology, which has the potential to invade privacy. This paper proposes a radar-based deep learning method to analyze driver behavior. The method utilizes FMCW radar along with TOF radar to identify five types of driving behavior: normal driving, head up, head twisting, picking up the phone, and dancing to music. The proposed model, called RFDANet, includes two parallel forward propagation channels that are relatively independent of each other. The range-Doppler information from the FMCW radar and the position information from the TOF radar are used as inputs. After feature extraction by CNN, an attention mechanism is introduced into the deep architecture of the branch layer to adjust the weight of different branches. To further recognize driving behavior, LSTM is used. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by actual driving data. The results indicate that the average accuracy of each of the five types of driving behavior is 94.5%, which shows the advantage of using the proposed deep learning method. Overall, the experimental results confirm that the proposed method is highly effective for detecting drivers’ behavior.
Revaluating coal permeability-gas pressure relation under various gas pressure differential conditions
Authors: Wang Chunguang , Wang Hongxu , Elsworth Derek , Cui Guanglei , Li Bingqian , Zhou Meng , Li Wenxin , Zhang Jiyuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIdentifying changes in coal permeability with gas pressure and accurately codifying mean effective stresses in laboratory samples are crucial in predicting gas-flow behavior in coal reservoirs. Traditionally, coal permeability to gas is assessed using the steady-state method, where the equivalent gas pressure in the coal is indexed to the average of upstream and downstream pressures of the coal, while ignoring the nonlinear gas pressure gradient along the gas flow path. For the flow of a compressible gas, the traditional method consistently underestimates the length/volume-averaged pressure and overestimates mean effective stress. The higher the pressure differential within the sample, the greater the error between the true mean pressure for a compressible fluid and that assumed as the average between upstream and downstream pressures under typical reservoir conditions. A correction coefficient for the compressible fluid pressure asymptotes to approximately 1.3%, representing that the error in mean pressure and effective stress can be on the order of approximately 30%, particularly for highly pressure-sensitive permeabilities and compressibilities, further amplifying errors in evaluated reservoir properties. We utilized this volume-averaged pressure and effective stress to correct permeability and compressibility data reported in the literature. Both the corrected initial permeability and the corrected pore compressibility were found to be smaller than the uncorrected values, due to the underestimation of the true mean fluid pressure, resulting in an overestimation of reservoir permeability if not corrected. The correction coefficient for the initial permeability ranges from 0.6 to 0.1 (reservoir values are only approximately 40% to 90% of laboratory values), while the correction coefficient for pore compressibility remains at approximately 0.75 (reservoir values are only approximately 25% of laboratory value). Errors between the uncorrected and corrected parameters are quantified under various factors, such as confining pressure, gas sorption, and temperature. By analyzing the evolutions of the initial permeability and pore compressibility, the coupling mechanisms of mechanical compression, adsorption swelling, and thermal expansion on the pore structure of the coal can be interpreted. These findings can provide insights that are useful for assessing the sensitivity of coal permeability to gas pressure as truly representative of reservoir conditions.
Navigating Uncertainty: Multinationals’ Investment Strategies after the Pandemic Shock
Authors: Bellucci Chiara , Rungi Armando 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecent debates suggest that the global economy may enter a deglobalization phase accelerated after COVID-19 and the ongoing conflict in Ukraine. This study investigates the investment decisions by multinational enterprises (MNEs) in 2019–2022. We build on a unique data set of about 2 million parent-affiliate linkages to show that there has been a general reorganization of MNEs’ investment strategies since: (i) a relevant share of divestments ($$33\%$$

33
%

) has not been compensated by new investment decisions ($$14\%$$

14
%

); (ii) domestic subsidiaries are more likely to be established and less likely to be divested; (iii) the average distance of a subsidiary from a parent company has increased; (iv) the number of countries in which the average MNE operates is higher than before. Therefore, after a basic empirical strategy for foreign direct investments and gravity controls, we first confirm a higher revealed preference for domestic investment by MNEs, among others, induced by higher exposure to COVID-19. When we delve deeper into divestment choices at the firm level, we find evidence of reshoring, i.e., when a divestment abroad by a parent company in a specific industry is positively associated with a domestic investment in the same industry.
Unraveling Compacted and Nodular Cast Iron Porosity: Case Studies Approach
Authors: Queirós Ricardo , Domeij Björn , Diószegi Attila 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPorosity is the culprit for a large fraction of scrap in cast iron foundries, resulting in significant environmental and productivity losses. The present work focuses on characterizing and explaining porosity defects in industrial compacted and nodular graphite cast iron components, utilizing current literature for reference. The goal is to identify existing knowledge gaps in the field, fostering further research work. Complex-shaped castings were sampled from three foundries, weighing between 100 and 300 kg. These were carefully selected to capture recurring defects during stable production. The mechanisms behind these defects were discussed, and the findings were compared to the literature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the inner surfaces of the pores with secondary electron imaging. The surrounding microstructure was captured with optical microscopy in combination with image analysis, where panoramic images and nodularity maps were built. Ultimately, etching based on Si segregation was employed. The results suggest that the understanding of pore surface film formation remains limited, particularly regarding graphite film formation. Notably, the observations reveal a multitude of previously unreported graphite structures within the pores, some with particles in their centers containing Ce, Ca, La and S. These novel structures can provide additional insights regarding pore formation chronology.
A Novel Design and Development of Multilevel Inverters for Parallel Operated PMSG-Based Standalone Wind Energy Conversion Systems
Authors: Palani Anbarasan , Mahendran Venmathi , Vengadakrishnan Krishnakumar , Muthusamy Suresh , Mishra Om Prava , Ramamoorthi Ponarun , Maurya Muni Raj , Sadasivuni Kishor Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe article presents the new power conversion for parallel-operated wind energy conversion systems. It has been formulated by new multilevel inverter (MLI) topologies with reduced switch counts, lowered conduction losses and a very good output voltage spectrum. The wind energy conversion systems included permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), a diode bridge rectifier, a conventional boost converter and a novel multilevel inverter connected to an isolated load. The power conversion utilizing a novel multilevel DC to AC converter has been proven for its better efficiency, voltage utilization and power quality. The integration of wind energy conversion systems has been explored in MATLAB Simulink, and the hardware setup does the authentication of the MLI structure.
Diversität als demokratische Intervention
Authors: Riede Hannah 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDiversität ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten zum zentralen Paradigma der Aushandlungen um gesellschaftliche Gleichheit geworden. Mit Maßnahmen sogenannter Diversitätspolitik wird der Versuch unternommen, sozialstrukturelle Differenz institutionell abzubilden und einzubinden. Diese Politiken sind jedoch insbesondere aus feministischen und postkolonialen Perspektiven zunehmend in die Kritik geraten. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird in diesem Beitrag die Frage gestellt, ob das Konzept der Diversität für die Verwirklichung des demokratischen Gleichheitsversprechens zielführend ist. Es wird argumentiert, dass trotz der weitreichenden Kritiken an aktueller Diversitätspolitik, der normative, an Gleichheit orientierten Kern der Diversitätssemantik ernst zu nehmen ist. Hierfür muss eine Politik der Diversität jedoch auf eine umfangreiche Transformation der gesellschaftlichen Strukturen abzielen. Aus diesen Einsichten werden erste Konturen einer Konzeptualisierung von Diversität als demokratische Intervention vorgestellt, die Leerstellen der Repräsentation aufdeckt, die ständige Reflexion komplexer gesellschaftlicher Differenzkonstellationen fordert und diese als Einbruch in die etablierten Paradigmen politischer und sozialer Repräsentation mobilisiert.
Development of an automated flow chemistry affinity-based purification process for DNA-encoded chemistry
Authors: Dinter Robin , Götte Katharina , Gronke Franziska , Justen Leon , Brunschweiger Andreas , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn automated flow chemistry platform for DNA-encoded library (DEL) technologies requires the integration of a purification process for DNA-tagged substrates. It facilitates the development of further DEL reactions, building block rehearsal, and library synthesis. Therefore, a recently developed, manual affinity-based batch purification process for DNA-tagged substrates based on dispersive solid-phase extraction (DSPE) was transferred to automated flow chemistry using tailored 3D-printed microfluidic devices and open-source lab automation equipment. The immobilization and purification steps use Watson–Crick base pairing for a compound-encoding single-stranded DNA, which allows for the thorough removal of impurities and contaminations by washing steps and operationally simple recovery of the purified DNA-encoded compounds. This work optimized the annealing step for flow incubation and DNA purification was accomplished by flow DSPE washing/elution steps. The manually performed batch affinity-based purification process was compared with the microfluidic process by determining qualitative and quantitative DNA recovery parameters. It aimed at comparing batch and flow purification processes with regard to DNA recovery and purity to benefit from the high potential for automation, precise process control, and higher information density of the microfluidic purification process for DNA-tagged substrates. Manual operations were minimized by applying an automation strategy to demonstrate the potential for integrating the microfluidic affinity-based purification process for DNA-tagged substrates into an automated DNA-encoded flow chemistry platform.
Graphical Abstract
Chi-squared type test for distributional censored and uncensored validity with numerical assessments and real data applications
Authors: Yousof Haitham M. , Aidi Khaoula , Hamedani G. G. , Ibrahim Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, we introduce a new chi-squared type test the odd Lindley exponentiated gamma distribution. The new test is an extension of the Nikulin–Rao–Robson test. The new test is tailored to fit the right censored data. The performance of the new test, as well as the baseline Nikulin–Rao–Robson test, are evaluated via numerical simulation. The new test, as well as the baseline Nikulin–Rao–Robson test, are also evaluated using the data. Furthermore, we present some characterization results.
Solitary-Wave Solutions of Benjamin–Ono and Other Systems for Internal Waves: II. Dynamics
Authors: Bona Jerry , Durán Angel , Mitsotakis Dimitrios 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConsidered here are two systems of equations modeling the two-way propagation of long-crested, long-wavelength internal waves along the interface of a two-layer system of fluids in the Benjamin–Ono and the Intermediate Long-Wave regime, respectively. These systems were previously shown to have solitary-wave solutions, decaying to zero algebraically for the Benjamin–Ono system, and exponentially in the Intermediate Long-Wave regime. Several methods to approximate solitary-wave profiles were introduced and analyzed by the authors in Part I of this project. A natural continuation of this previous work, pursued here, is to study the dynamics of the solitary-wave solutions of these systems. This will be done by computational means using a discretization of the periodic initial-value problem. The numerical method used here is a Fourier spectral method for the spatial approximation coupled with a fourth-order, explicit Runge–Kutta time stepping. The resulting, fully discrete scheme is used to study computationally the stability of the solitary waves under small and large perturbations, the collisions of solitary waves, the resolution of initial data into trains of solitary waves, and the formation of dispersive shock waves. Comparisons with related unidirectional models are also undertaken.
Advancing into Spaces of Possibility: How the Fridays for Future Movement Intertwines Future-Making Practices with the Creation of Educational Formats
Authors: Jergus Kerstin , Schmidt Melanie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe article explores the question of how political and pedagogical programs are intertwined in the process of designing a sustainable future, using the climate change protest movement Fridays for Future (FFF) as an empirical example. Particular attention is payed to the German Public Climate Schools, a collection of educational courses offered by FFF. The FFF movement emphasizes science and education and has created postdigital spaces for climate education. The article outlines the connection between education and the future, describes FFF and its approach to designing a sustainable future, explores the educational spaces developed by the movement via an analysis of some of the movement’s Twitter (now rebranding as ‘X’) feeds and web site, and provides a basis for further reflection and exploration. It is argued that the FFF movement represents a contemporary form of political future practice that is focused on creating a livable and shapeable future within a postdigital context.
“So, we’ve been taken away since forever”: Indigenous Relative Caregivers’ Experiences as a Framework for Uncovering Coloniality in the Child Welfare System
Authors: Waubanascum Cary , Sarche Michelle 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study examines to the gravity of the ongoing removal and separation of Indigenous children from their families and nations, the reality of coloniality in the child welfare system, the glaring absence of Indigenous voices and their distinct experiences in the empirical child welfare literature, and dearth of studies that implement Indigenous methodologies. Grounded in Indigenous Storywork methodology, this qualitative study sought to understand (10) Indigenous relative caregivers’ experiences with the child welfare system. Findings identified specific forms of colonial violence inflicted upon Indigenous children and families by the child welfare system, such as ongoing removal and separation, as vehicles for colonization and assimilation. Relative caregivers also exposed how the child welfare system continues to impose the modern colonial gender system, continuing a legacy of government sponsored civilizing educations programs to assimilate through racializing and genderizing Indigenous families to justify violence and maintain power and control. Relatives’ lived experiences provide a framework for uncovering coloniality in child welfare in relation to continued control over family and gender.
Extraction of pure component spectra from ex situ illumination UV/Vis and NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Herold Dominik , Kind Jonas , Frieß Florian , Thiele Christina M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObtaining understanding of a photochemical reaction relies on the observation, identification and quantification of the compounds involved. The photochemical properties of the individual components are of particular importance, and their determination, however, is not always trivial. This is also true for the quantitative measure on the ability to absorb light, the extinction coefficient εi if more than one species i is present and two or more species absorb light of the same wavelength. In this work, it is demonstrated how pure component spectra can be obtained with a simple combination of successive and repeated ex situ illumination, UV/Vis and NMR spectroscopy. From the complementary information accessible, the wavelength-dependent extinction coefficients of all species can be calculated yielding the pure component spectra. A comparison with published data shows excellent agreement and thus proves that this approach is highly reliable.
Graphical abstract