bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Social Vulnerability Index With Declining Recommended Surgical Treatment in Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Ershadifar Soroush , Mo Jonathan T. , Colback Angela A. , Bewley Arnaud F. , Abouyared Marianne , Birkeland Andrew C. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo investigate the impact of county‐level social vulnerability on patients' decision to refuse recommended surgical treatment.MethodsRetrospective cohort analysis conducted on HNSCC cases documented in the latest available SEER databases from 2000 to 2020; various demographic, including county of residence, and disease‐related variables were collected. CDC's Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) was assigned based on patients' county of residence, and patients were subsequently categorized into four SVI quartiles. Pearson chi‐square tests and binomial logistic regression was conducted to determine the impact of variables on patients' refusal of surgical treatment.ResultsAmong 83,184 patients, 2.6% (2,165) refused surgical intervention recommended by their physician as part of treatment. Social vulnerability (higher SVI), male sex, older age, more advanced disease stage, belonging to non‐Hispanic Black or Native Hawaiian/Asian Pacific Islander Race and Origin, and single marital status were associated with higher likelihood of refusing surgery.ConclusionSVI is a significant factor in the refusal of recommended surgical treatment in HNSCC patients. Advanced disease stages and social vulnerability appear to interplay, influencing treatment decisions. Culturally competent care and support for socially vulnerable patients may mitigate disparities in treatment acceptance, potentially improving survival outcomes.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 2025
CH4/C2H6 Dual Gas Detection System for Urban Natural Gas Inspection Based on Off‐Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhou Yishen , Huang Zhao , Zhang Lei , Zhang Zhening , Geng Zixun , Wang Yiding , Zheng Chuantao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA near‐infrared off‐axis integrated cavity output spectroscopic (OA‐ICOS) dual‐gas sensor for methane (CH4) and ethane (C2H6) measurement was developed. Utilizing time‐division multiplexing (WDM) technology, dual‐gas detection was realized via the sensor system. The power distribution circuit was improved to make power distribution more reasonable and ripple smaller. The limit of detection (LoD) of C2H6 was effectively reduced by a new calibration method. With an averaging time of 1 s, the LoD is 1.2 parts‐per‐billion (ppb) for CH4 and 12.1 ppb for C2H6. Extensive urban measurement unveiled three CH4 anomalies, while the measured C2H6 levels demonstrated good capability of the sensor system for dual‐gas measurement.
Magnetically recyclable polymer photocatalytic materials for sustainable photocatalysis
Authors: Li Rong , Tibbetts Joshua D. , Landfester Katharina , Ferguson Calum T. J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe production of easily separable and recoverable photocatalytic materials remains a critical challenge in achieving sustainable photocatalysis. Here, we have created a hybrid material consisting of photocatalytic polymers encapsulating magnetite nanoparticles. These nanoparticles exhibit excellent performance in oxidative hydroxylation of both boronic‐acid‐ and boronic‐acid‐pinacol‐ester‐containing substrates. Moreover, these nanoparticles can be easily recovered and regenerated from the reaction medium via a simple magnetic separation technique. Extremely high efficiency has been maintained over multiple cycles, by recycling the magnetic photocatalyst. © 2025 The Author(s). Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Modification of Gene Expression Involved in Alkaloid Production in Opium Poppy by VIGS Combined With Pretreatment of Macerozyme Enzyme
Authors: Özcan Deniz Ece , Köm Deniz , Doğan Ozan , Erişen Semiha , Onarici Selma 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPapaver somniferum L., a medicinal plant renowned for its pharmaceutical alkaloids, has captivated scientific interest due to its rich secondary metabolite profile. This study explores a novel approach to manipulating alkaloid biosynthesis pathways by integrating virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) with macerozyme enzyme pretreatment. Targeting key genes in the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (BIA) pathway (CODM, T6ODM, COR, DIOX2), the research aimed to elucidate the transformative potential of enzymatic preconditioning in somatic embryo cultures. To address the cell wall barrier, a known limitation in genetic manipulation, macerozyme pretreatment was employed, significantly enhancing gene silencing efficacy. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analyses revealed significant alterations in gene expression profiles with macerozyme pretreatment, whereas no changes were observed in its absence. The T6ODM + DIOX combination was the most effective, reducing CODM, T6ODM, and DIOX2 expression by 72%, 65%, and 60%, respectively. Conversely, T6ODM expression increased by up to 107% in the CODM treatment. Notably, COR expression displayed dual regulatory dynamics, with suppression (47% decrease in T6ODM + DIOX) and enhancement (49% increase in CODM+DIOX) observed under different conditions. These findings underscore the complex interplay of gene regulation in the morphine biosynthesis pathway. This study highlights the critical role of macerozyme enzymatic pretreatment in overcoming cell wall barriers, enabling effective VIGS applications in somatic suspension cultures. The combination of VIGS and enzymatic pretreatment provides a robust platform for targeted metabolic engineering, offering insights into the regulation of morphine biosynthesis and paving the way for advancements in pharmaceutical alkaloid production and functional genomics in medicinal plants.
Foundations of Ghost Stability
Authors: Errasti Díez Verónica , Gaset Rifà Jordi , Staudt Georgina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe authors present a new method to analytically prove global stability in ghost‐ridden dynamical systems. The proposal encompasses all prior results and consequentially extends them. In particular, it is shown that stability can follow from a conserved quantity that is unbounded from below, contrary to expectation. Novel examples illustrate all of the results. The findings take root on a careful examination of the literature, here comprehensively reviewed for the first time. This work lays the mathematical basis for ulterior extensions to field theory and quantization, and it constitutes a gateway for inter‐disciplinary research in dynamics and integrability.
Considering ensemble spread improves rainfall forecast post‐processing
Authors: Wang Quan J. , Huang Zeqing , Robertson David E. , Schepen Andrew , Bennett James C. , Song Yong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPost‐processing is an essential step in improving rainfall forecasts from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models for hydrological prediction. While NWP models provide informative ensemble forecasts, this paper concentrates on unravelling the role of ensemble spread in rainfall forecast post‐processing. The ensemble link functions (ELFs) post‐processing method is developed by employing the log‐sinh transformation to normalise the skewed and censored rainfall data and linking the predictive distribution to the mean and spread of ensemble forecasts. We apply the ELFs and Bayesian joint probability modelling approach (BJP) to calibrate ensemble precipitation forecasts from the European Centre for Medium‐range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Integrated Forecasting System (IFS). We compare ELFs to BJP, which only takes the ensemble mean as an input. While both the ELFs and BJP can reduce bias and improve reliability, we show that ELFs tends to outperform the BJP in improving forecast skill in over 50% of the cases examined. It is found that the BJP tends to overestimate forecasts for extreme events, diminishing forecast skill and that the consideration of raw ensemble spread in the ELFs contributes to reliable forecasts. The most substantial skill improvement of the ELFs over BJP is observed for a moderate level of underlying skill in the raw forecasts, typically corresponding to lead times from three to seven days. Overall, ELFs effectively use information from both the ensemble mean and spread to calibrate NWP rainfall forecasts more effectively than can be achieved when ensemble spread is ignored.
Construction of Multiple Nonpolar SF6 Nano‐Traps by Highly Stable Pyrazole‐Based MOFs for SF6 Recovery
Authors: Fan Qichen , Yao Jinze , Zhao Siyao , Wu Xingbei , Huang Jiajin , Luo Haoyuan , Xia Qibin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSulfur hexafluoride (SF6), widely used in electric power systems, is one of the most potent greenhouse gases. Efficient separation of SF6/N2 by adsorptive separation technology based on porous materials is of great significance in the industry yet remains a daunting challenge. Herein, a novel strategy is introduced to construct unique pore channels with multiple SF6 nano‐traps by precisely selecting bipyrazole ligands to design the nonpolar surface of microporous metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), which significantly enhances the material's affinity for SF6. A series of ultra‐stable bipyrazole‐based MOFs, M(BPZ) (M═Co, Ni, Zn), are synthesized and investigated. Among these three materials, Co(BPZ) and Zn(BPZ) show excellent SF6 uptakes of 2.47 and 2.39 mmol g−1 at 298 K and 0.1 bar while Co(BPZ) exhibits the highest SF6/N2 (10/90, v/v) IAST selectivity of 748. Breakthrough experiments reveal that SF6/N2 mixtures can be efficiently separated by Co(BPZ) with a high SF6 (≥99.5 %) productivity of 46.1 L kg−1. Theoretical calculations suggest that SF6 preferably adsorbs in the channels through multiple S−F···π (pyrazole rings) van der Waals interactions. This work provides a straightforward approach for exploring adsorbents in efficient SF6/N2 separation.
Multifunctional Siloxane Additive Enabling Ultrahigh‐Nickel Lithium Battery with Long Cycle Life at 30 and 60 °C
Authors: Chen Xilong , Yu Zhili , Li Xiangjie , Sun Zhaoyu , Ma Guozheng , Li Qiyun , Ou Yingchun , Liu Yuxuan , Hu Renzong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUltrahigh‐nickel layered oxide cathodes (≥90% nickel) possess exceptionally high discharge capacities, which can significantly improve the energy density of lithium‐ion batteries and alleviate the driving range anxiety of electric vehicles. However, the high interfacial reactivity of ultrahigh‐nickel cathodes, especially the detrimental side reactions with harmful acidic species like HF in the electrolyte, can deteriorate the battery interface and reduce the cycle life, hindering their practical application. In this study, 3‐isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane (PTTS‐NCO) is introduced as the electrolyte additive, which can effectively scavenge the harmful acidic species in the electrolyte and form a protective surface layer at the electrode/electrolyte interface, thereby enhancing the electrochemical performance of the battery (NCM90/Li). Specifically, the most effective battery based on the PTTS‐NCO additive can maintain 70.3% of its capacity after 500 cycles at 30 °C. Even under a high cathode loading (3.0 mAh cm−2), it can retain 86.2% of its capacity after 300 cycles, far exceeding the base battery. Furthermore, it exhibits good performance under the harsh high‐temperature environment, maintaining over 70.3% capacity retention in the NCM90/Li battery up to 350 cycles at 60 °C. This work demonstrates the great potential of multifunctional siloxane additive in lithium batteries based on ultrahigh‐nickel cathode.
Deciphering the Role of Second Metal in M‐Ni (M = Fe, Ni, and Mn) Heterobimetallic Electrocatalysts in Controlling the HAT versus Hydride Transfer Mechanism for the Dehydrogenation of Alcohols
Authors: Chauhan Chetansinh , Gupta Tarisha , Mondal Biswajit 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe second 3d‐transition metal incorporation in Ni‐(oxy)hydroxide has a drastic effect on alkaline OER and alcohol dehydrogenation reactivity. While Mn incorporation suppresses the alkaline OER, it greatly improves the alcohol dehydrogenation reactivity. A complete reversal of reactivity is obtained when Fe is incorporated, which shows better performance for alkaline OER with poor alcohol dehydrogenation reactivity. The role of the second 3d‐metal is elusive due to the lack of systematic mechanistic studies. In this report, we thoroughly analyzed a series of M─Ni (M = Fe, Ni, Mn) (oxy)hydroxides derived from electrochemical activation of M‐MOF grown on nickel foam for its electrochemical activity in alkaline OER and aliphatic, benzyl alcohol dehydrogenation. With the help of pH‐dependence and kinetic isotope effect studies, the potential‐determining step (PDS) and the rate‐determining step (RDS) have been elucidated. The Hammett analysis revealed critical information about the transition state and offered insight into the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) versus hydride transfer (HT) for alcohol dehydrogenation operative in various heterobimetallic electrocatalysts. Further, the superior alcohol dehydrogenation reactivity of NiMn catalyst for PET hydrolysate electro‐oxidation is extended to afford valuable chemicals with concomitant production of hydrogen.
Acute kidney injury and iron metabolism: A narrative review focusing on pathophysiology and therapy
Authors: Tan Xinyu , Li Man , Chen Jing , Liu Gang , Lu Zhixiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) represents a substantial challenge to public health and is characterized by elevated occurrence and fatality rates. In the last 3 decades, the disruption of iron homeostasis and the cytotoxic effects mediated by iron have been extensively acknowledged as contributors to, as well as outcomes of, renal damage. Therefore, iron metabolism has become the focus of novel therapeutic interventions for AKI, with targeted iron metabolism strategies showing great potential. In this review, we have explored the dysregulation of iron metabolism in AKI and the AKI caused by iron metabolism disorders. We have summarized the complex mechanisms of iron metabolism in the kidney and emphasized the potential role of iron metabolism‐related metabolic pathways in the treatment and prevention of AKI. Finally, we have reviewed various strategies targeting iron metabolism for the treatment of AKI, hoping to provide more effective treatment options for AKI patients in the future.
Tissue‐Adhesive and Stiffness‐Adaptive Neural Electrodes Fabricated Through Laser‐Based Direct Patterning
Authors: Kim Jaehyon , Kim Yewon , Kim Kyoungryong , Jung Hyunjin , Seong Duhwan , Shin Mikyung , Son Donghee 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecently, implantable devices for treating peripheral nerve disorders have demonstrated significant potential as neuroprosthetics for diagnostics and electrical stimulation. However, the mechanical mismatch between these devices and nerves frequently results in tissue damage and performance degradation. Although advances are made in stretchable electrodes, challenges, including complex patterning techniques and unstable performance, persist. Herein, an efficient method for developing a tissue‐adhesive, stiffness‐adaptive peripheral neural interface (TA‐SA‐PNI) is presented employing mechanically and electrically stable ultrathin conductive micro/nanomembrane bilayer (UC‐MNB) electrodes. A direct laser‐patterning technique is utilized to anchor the UC‐MNB, comprising a conductive Cu micromembrane encapsulated by a biocompatible Au nanomembrane, onto a tough self‐healing polymer (T‐SHP) substrate using the thermoplastic properties of T‐SHP. The UC‐MNB with a wavy structure exhibited strain‐insensitive performance under strains of up to 60%. Furthermore, its dynamic stress‐relaxation properties enable stiffness adaptation, potentially minimizing chronic nerve compression. Finally, the phenylboronic acid‐conjugated alginate (Alg‐BA) adhesive layer offers stable tissue adhesion and ionic conductivity, optimizing the TA‐SA‐PNI for seamless integration into neural applications. Leveraging these advantages, in vivo demonstrations of bidirectional neural pathways are successfully conducted, featuring stable measurements of sensory neural signals and feedback electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerves of rats.
Tunable NiSe‐Ni3Se2 Heterojunction for Energy‐Efficient Hydrogen Production by Coupling Urea Degradation
Authors: Yin Ruilian , Wang Zhiwei , Zhang Jin , Liu Wenxian , He Jia , Hu Guangzhi , Liu Xijun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUrea‐assisted water splitting is a promising energy‐saving hydrogen (H2) production technology. However, its practical application is hindered by the lack of high‐performance bifunctional catalysts for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, a heterostructured catalyst comprising highly active NiSe and Ni3Se2, along with a conductive graphene‐coated nickel foam skeleton (NiSe‐Ni3Se2/GNF) is reported. The heterostructured NiSe‐Ni3Se2 originates from the in situ selenization of graphene‐coated nickel foam, allowing for careful regulation of the NiSe to Ni3Se2 ratio by simply adjusting the calcination temperature. Theoretical calculations of the charge transfer between NiSe and Ni3Se2 components can optimize the reaction pathways and reduce the corresponding energy barriers. Accordingly, the designed catalyst exhibits excellent UOR and HER activity and stability. Furthermore, the NiSe‐Ni3Se2/GNF‐based UOR‐HER electrolyzer requires only 1.54 V to achieve a current density of 50 mA cm−2, which is lower than many recent reports and much lower than 1.83 V of NiSe‐Ni3Se2/GNF‐based OER‐HER electrolyzers. Moreover, the UOR‐HER electrolyzer exhibited negligible cell voltage variation during a 28‐h stability test, indicating satisfactory stability, which provides a new viable paradigm for energy‐saving H2 production.
Hybrid Neural Network Methods for the Detection of Credit Card Fraud
Authors: Al‐Khasawneh Mahmoud Ahmad , Faheem Muhammad , Alsekait Deema Mohammed , Abubakar Adamu , Issa Ghassan F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe purpose of research on fraud detection is to discover methods that are superior and more effective in detecting fraudulent activity. Because of the difficulties that are associated with single models, this research proposes a hybrid model neural network be utilized in order to overcome such difficulties. A very effective binary classification system is produced as a result of the multimodal neural network (MNN) model, which combines continuous and categorical data channels. The hybrid model neural network model demonstrates some extraordinary effectiveness in detecting cases of credit card fraud, according to the results of experimental investigation. The findings on accuracy, precision, recall, and area under the curve (AUC) give evidence of its robustness and reliability in identifying fraudulent transactions while simultaneously reducing the number of false positives and false negatives. In particular, it proved that the performance of the model is exceptional, with a test accuracy of 99.47%, precision of 99.82%, recall of 97.87%, and an AUC of 98.99%. Furthermore, these findings provide evidence of a robust model that is capable of effectively detecting fraudulent transactions with a high degree of accuracy, while simultaneously lowering the occurrence of both false positives and false negatives. Consequently, this guarantees a fraud detection system that is dependable and effective.
Evaluation of Degradation Degree on Silicone Rubber by Using Surface Discharge
Authors: Khaing May Thin , Hirose Nonoka , Miyake Takuma , Sakoda Tatsuya , Goto Shigehiko , Anjiki Tomikazu , Chiba Tomoki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSilicone rubber (SiR) insulators in outdoor may be degraded owing to multiple environmental stresses such as ultraviolet (UV) rays, high temperature and pollution adhesion. Evaluation of the degradation degree of SiR can contribute to the long‐term maintenance of SiR insulators. We proposed a novel technique to grasp the degradation degree of SiR. The surface discharge (SD) on the SiR surface temporarily decreased the surface hydrophobicity, and then the hydrophobicity recovery time was evaluated. The SD treatments were performed on SiR specimens cut out from unused, 10 and 20‐year‐aged SiR insulators, and the treatment time was from 5 to 25 s. After each SD treatment, the contact angle was evaluated at intervals of 10 min. As a result, it was found that the contact angle recovery time increases with the increase of SD treatment time. Also, the contact angle recovery times on 10 and 20‐year‐aged SiR specimens were longer than that on an unused SiR specimen, i.e. the contact angle recovery time after the SD treatment is useful for investigating the degradation degree. © 2025 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Benzene tricarboxylic acid for synthesis of the ZrO2:Er3+,Yb3+ nanoparticles in cubic phase
Authors: Giang Lam Thi Kieu , Vu Nguyen , Chinh Vu Duc , Linh Pham Hoai , Nghiem Vu Thi , Agnieszka Opalińska , Piotrowski Wojciech M. , Marciniak Łukasz 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe cubic structure of nanocrystalline ZrO2 co‐doped with Er3+,Yb3+ ions was synthesized using the zirconium metal‐organic framework (Zr‐BTC:Er3+,Yb3+) as a precursor after an annealing process at temperatures ranging from 400 to 1000 °C for 1 h. The morphology characterization confirmed 700 °C as the optimal temperature for calcination. XRD, HRTEM and SAED techniques unambiguously confirmed the formation of a cubic structure of ZrO2. The average grain size of the obtained ZrO2:Er3+,Yb3+ upconversion nanoparticles was estimated at 12 ± 1 nm using Scherrer's equation, TEM and HRTEM images. Moreover, spectroscopic measurements confirmed the stabilization of Yb3+ and Er3+ ions in the crystal structure of ZrO2, presenting a dominant red emission band at 665 nm and a less intense green band at 550 nm associated with 4F9/2→4I15/2 and 2H11/2, 4S3/2→4I15/2 electronic transitions of Er3+ ions, respectively.
Impacts of rapid urbanization on long‐term water quality of the peripheral River of Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Miah Osman , Anik Amit Hasan , Sorker Raihan , Parvin Fahmida , Shammi Mashura , Tareq Shafi M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study was carried out to determine the current state of the physicochemical water quality parameters and the effects of urbanization over 50 years in the peripheral rivers by using primary and secondary data adjacent to Dhaka city. These rivers and waterways had DO levels much below the recommended standard of Bangladesh, and occasionally, they even approached 0. This suggests that the water in these rivers is highly polluted and unfit for aquatic life. For the most part, high rates of pollution also contribute to high BOD readings. Besides, the weighted arithmetic method discovered that the urban rivers have deficient water quality, which requires immediate attention. Compared to the seasonal variations, the water quality is worse in the dry season compared to the wet season. Among all the rivers, the lowest WQI found was 11.89 in the wet season and 123.65 in the dry season. Moreover, the Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) calculation was done, with data from 1 to 3797 indicating that most heavy metal data sets are unsuitable for drinking and household uses. The current study found that built‐up areas have grown 288%, and the water bodies have declined by 60% over the last 30 years. This study shows that the quality of peripheral river water in Dhaka city hinders the objectives of the SDG 6 Goal: Clean Water and Sanitation. Revitalizing the water supply requires the attention of the city authorities.Practitioner Points
Rapid urbanization has made Dhaka one of the least habitable cities, with industrial growth contributing significantly to pollution.
DO levels are far below than Bangladesh's standards, sometimes approaching zero, making the water unfit for aquatic life.
The study reveals a decline in water quality, especially during the dry season, and WQI indicates extremely low standards.
Built‐up areas have increased by 288%, while water bodies have decreased by 60% over the past 30 years.