bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Event‐triggered adaptive control based on integral sliding mode surface for a class of linear systems with matched disturbance
Authors: Sun Jie , Chen Yanan , Zhao Zhanshan , Guo Guangxin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose an event‐triggered adaptive integral sliding mode control scheme for a class of linear systems with external disturbance. In this method, the controller is designed using a triggered‐state‐dependent integral sliding mode, which can ensure the robustness and avoid the shortcomings of traditional sliding mode arrival stage. The triggering mechanism utilizes a time‐varying trigger threshold instead of a traditional fixed threshold, which not only realizes the dynamic update of the control law, reduces the overhead of network communication but also ensures that the system trajectory enters the bounded area. The lower bound of inter event time guarantees the avoidance of the Zeno phenomenon. Next, in order to reduce the impact of high‐frequency chattering of the control signal effectively and allow the gain of the discontinuous control term to be adjusted automatically according to the rate of change of the disturbance, a dual‐layer nested adaptive gain scheme based on equivalent control is considered. This scheme does not require a priori boundedness of the disturbance and its rate of change. Through Lyapunov stability analysis, the event‐triggered adaptive sliding mode controller can make the system trajectory converge in finite time and ensure the robustness of the control. Finally, the simulation results verify the effectiveness and simplicity of this method.
How Sensitive Is Household Affordability to Changes in Water Bills?
Authors: Patterson Lauren , Doyle Martin 
Published: May 2023

Key TakeawaysThe prevalence of low incomes in the United States is the primary driver for unaffordable water services.Minor rate increases or higher volumes of water usage can have a substantial impact on the pervasiveness of unaffordability.With the cost of water likely to continue increasing, utilities can play a role in protecting customers at all income levels through their rate structures.Affordability elasticity—the relationship of water bills to income distribution—is an important factor to consider in rate design.
How Water Safety Plans Complement Sanitary Surveys
Authors: Burlingame Gary A. , Bartrand Tim 
Published: May 2023

Key TakeawaysIn the United States, US Environmental Protection Agency sanitary surveys provide valuable interaction between primacy agencies and public water system operators and managers.Water safety plans (WSPs), often used worldwide, can be an additional tool for sanitary surveys to integrate multiple barriers of public water systems and focus on prioritized hazards and conditions.WSPs are reasonable for implementation because they use existing regulatory compliance means as well as operational standards of practice.
Gestational age‐related changes in relaxation times of neonatal brain by quantitative synthetic magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Dong Yan , Deng Xianyu , Xie Meizhen , Yu Lan , Qian Long , Chen Ge , Zhang Yali , Tang Yanyun , Zhou Zhipeng , Long Liling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the correlation between T1 and T2 relaxation times of synthetic MRI (SyMRI) and gestational age (GA) in each hemisphere of preterm and term newborns at the initial 28 days of birth.MethodsSeventy preterm and full‐term infants were prospectively included in this study. All subjects completed 3.0 T routine MRI and SyMRI (MAGiC) one‐stop scanning within 28 days of birth (aged 34–42 W at examination). The SyMRI postprocessing software (v8.0.4) was used to measure the T1 and T2 relaxation values of each brain region. The linear regression equations of quantitative relaxation values with GA were established to compare the variation speed in each brain region.ResultsA significant linear and negative correlation was found between relaxation times and GA in the neonate cerebral cortex and subcortical gray and white matter regions (All p<.05). The relaxation time of the left centrum semiovale decreased with maximum variance with increasing GA among all white matter regions (T1: b = –51.45, β = –0.65, p < .0001; T2: b = –8.77, β = –0.71, p < .0001), whereas the right posterior limb of internal capsule showed minimal variance (T1: b = –27.94, β = –0.60, p < .0001; T2: b = –3.25, β = –0.68, p < .0001). Among all gray matter regions, the right globus pallidus and thalamus indicated the most significant decreasing degree of T1 and T2 relaxation values with GA (right globus pallidus T1: b = –33.14, β = –0.64, p < .0001; right thalamus T2: b = –3.94, β = –0.81, p < .0001), and the right and left occipital lobes indicated the least significant decreasing degree of T1 and T2 relaxation values with GA, respectively (right occipital lobes T1: b = –11.18, β = –0.26, p = .028; left occipital lobes T2: b = –1.22, β = –0.27, p = .024).ConclusionsSyMRI could quantitatively evaluate the linear changes of T1 and T2 relaxation values with GA in brain gray and white matter of preterm and term neonates.
The influence of top management team diversity on Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) reporting: Evidence from Sri Lanka
Authors: Weerasinghe Thanya , Samudrage Dileepa , Gunarathne Nuwan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMotivated by the limited attention given to the impact of top management teams on Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this study sets out to identify the extent to which companies engage in SDG reporting and assess the impact of top management team diversity on SDG reporting based on the upper echelons theory. The data were collected by analyzing the sustainability reports of the listed entities over a three‐year period and conducting semistructured interviews. Findings show that the average disclosures related to SDGs are still at a deficient level and that top management team diversity does not have an impact on SDG reporting in Sri Lankan companies. The qualitative evidence shows that the existing corporate sustainability strategies have been aligned with SDGs, rather than being reformulated or designed to integrate with the SDG targets. Hence, in Sri Lanka, SDG reporting is limited by the superficial attention given to them in corporate strategies. This is a pioneering study that investigates the relationship between top management team diversity and SDG reporting using an explanatory sequential approach.
Surgical anatomy of the cerebellar tonsils: A cadaveric study
Authors: Shekhawat Devendra , Gupta Tulika , Singh Paramajeet , Sahni Daisy , Tubbs R. Shane , Gupta S. K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundKnowledge of the normal anatomy of the cerebellar tonsils is a prerequisite in various surgeries of the posterior cranial fossa Clinical conditions, as the Chiari I malformations (CIM) alter the normal position of the cerebellar tonsils.ObjectiveTherefore, we aim to better elucidate the surgical anatomy of and around the cerebellar tonsils in regard to the CIM.MethodsFifty formalin‐fixed adult cadavers injected with colored latex through vertebral arteries underwent craniotomy and durotomy to expose the cerebellar tonsils and related structures. The tonsils and their surrounding anatomy were then studied.ResultsForty cerebellar tonsils were at or above the foramen magnum. Five specimens presented with CIM with the tonsils below (3–5 mm) the FM with a mean tonsillar decent of 7.9 ± 2.3 mm. Of the cadavers without CIM, in forty‐two cases, the thickness of the dura mater was within ±3SD ranges. In three cases, the dura mater was thinner at the CVJ and one case; the dura adhered tightly to the inner aspect of the occipital squama. In five CIM cadavers, the dura mater was markedly thicker at the CVJ. The PICA caudal loop was 5.9 ± 1.6 mm long. In CIM cases, the PICA loop was longer, nearer the dura, 1 mm below the superior border of the C1 posterior arch. The distances from the PICA loop were markedly reduced by 3 mm from the spinal accessory nerve and 2 mm from the first spinal nerve. The DN was significantly closer to the tonsillar peduncle in CIM cases.ConclusionThese data are important for better understanding the intrinsic and extrinsic anatomy of the cerebellar tonsils in patients with and without CIM. Importantly, tonsillectomy/tonsillar coagulation must consider the close relationship of the dentate nucleus to the base of the cerebellar tonsil to avoid iatrogenic injury.
Benign‐malignant classification of pulmonary nodules by low‐dose spiral computerized tomography and clinical data with machine learning in opportunistic screening
Authors: Zheng Yansong , Dong Jing , Yang Xue , Shuai Ping , Li Yongli , Li Hailin , Dong Shengyong , Gong Yan , Liu Miao , Zeng Qiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany people were found with pulmonary nodules during physical examinations. It is of great practical significance to discriminate benign and malignant nodules by using data mining technology.MethodsThe subjects' demographic data, baseline examination results, and annual follow‐up low‐dose spiral computerized tomography (LDCT) results were recorded. The findings from annual physical examinations of positive nodules, including highly suspicious nodules and clinically tentative benign nodules, was analyzed. The extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) model was constructed and the Grid Search CV method was used to select the super parameters. External unit data were used as an external validation set to evaluate the generalization performance of the model.ResultsA total of 135,503 physical examinees were enrolled. Baseline testing found that 27,636 (20.40%) participants had clinically tentative benign nodules and 611 (0.45%) participants had highly suspicious nodules. The proportion of highly suspicious nodules in participants with negative baseline was about 0.12%–0.46%, which was lower than the baseline level except the follow‐up of >5 years. In the 27,636 participants with clinically tentative benign nodules, only in the first year of LDCT re‐examination was the proportion of highly suspicious nodules (1.40%) significantly greater than that of baseline screening (0.45%) (p < 0.001), and the proportion of highly suspicious nodules was not different between the baseline screening and other follow‐up years (p > 0.05). Furthermore, 322 cases with benign nodules and 196 patients with malignant nodules confirmed by surgery and pathology were compared. A model and the top 15 most important clinical variables were determined by XGBoost algorithm. The area under the curve (AUC) of the model was 0.76 [95% CI: 0.67–0.84], and the accuracy was 0.75. The sensitivity and specificity of the model under this threshold were 0.78 and 0.73, respectively. In the validation of model using external data, the AUC was 0.87 and the accuracy was 0.80. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.83 and 0.77, respectively.ConclusionsIt is important that pulmonary nodules could be more accurately identified at the first LDCT examination. A model with 15 variables which are routinely measured in the clinic could be helpful to distinguish benign and malignant nodules. It could help the radiological team issue a more accurate report; and it may guide the clinical team regarding LDCT follow‐up.
Molecular Docking and Dynamic Simulation to Identify α7nAChR Binding Affinity of Flavonoids for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Singh Sushma , Goyal Ahsas , Agrawal Neetu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground: Alpha‐7‐nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), a ligand‐gated ion channel is one of the important parts of the cholinergic pathway in the brain and has a remarkable role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been documented that the modulation of α7nAChR with the help of phytoconstituent can be helpful in the treatment of AD. Method: The binding efficacy of fifty flavonoids was evaluated for human α7nAChR using molecular docking. The best two flavonoids shortlisted from docking analysis were then subjected to molecular dynamic simulations for 100 ns to analyze conformational binding stability with the target protein. Further, the druggability of the selected flavonoids was checked using in silico ADMET studies. Result: The top two flavonoids selected based on binding affinity toward the binding site of α7nAChR from molecular docking were amentoflavone (–9.1 kcal/mol) and gallocatechin (–8.8 kcal/mol). The molecular dynamics simulation revealed that amentoflavone and gallocatechin have a stable state during overall simulation time, lesser root mean deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF), and complex of both compounds with protein is stable until 100 ns. Conclusion: The two flavonoids amentoflavone and gallocatechin are potential lead molecules that could be utilized as effective agonists of α7nAChR to combat Alzheimer's disease. Future in vitro and in vivo analyses are required to confirm their effectiveness.
A case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis following COVID‐19 infection and remdesivir
Authors: Kalantari Yasamin , Ghanadan Alireza , Etesami Ifa 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe report a challenging AGEP case following COVID‐19 infection and a history of remdesivir use. Our study highlights the importance of considering history of COVID‐19 and remdesivir as possible causative factors when visiting new‐onset AGEP patients.
Multifocal hydatidosis with extensive involvement of the sacrum and the femoral head
Authors: Feki Afef , Abid Cyrine , Ben Djemaa Samar , Gassara Zouhour , Mariam Ezzeddine , Kallel Mohamed Hedi , Rim Akrout , Fourati Hela , Baklouti Sofien 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageHydatidosis is a parasitic infection caused by the larval form of “Echinococcus granulosis.” Bone localization is rare even in endemic areas. We report an unusual case of an extensive hydatidosis of the right sacrum and femur with muscle involvement.AbstractWe report the case of a man, with a history of visceral hydatidosis, who developed after 14 years an extensive hydatidosis of the sacrum and femur with muscle involvement. The treatment of visceral hydatidosis was chemotherapy with albendazole for a long term. Conservative surgical treatment is considered for bone locations.
Ventricular tachycardia triggered by electroconvulsive therapy: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Su Samuel , Shah Pratik , Jassal Davinder S. 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe report a case of a 71‐year‐old male with severe depression treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the operating room complicated by monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (MMVT). The clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes of this catecholamine‐mediated cardiac event are reported with a brief review of the literature.
Artificial Arthropod Exoskeletons/Fungi Cell Walls Integrating Metal and Biocatalysts for Heterogeneous Synergistic Catalysis of Asymmetric Cascade Transformations
Authors: Deiana Luca , Rafi Abdolrahim A. , Tai Cheuk‐Wai , Bäckvall Jan‐E. , Córdova Armando 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA novel and sustainable tandem‐catalysis system for asymmetric synthesis is disclosed, which is fabricated by bio‐inspired self‐assembly of artificial arthropod exoskeletons (AAEs) or artificial fungi cell walls (AFCWs) containing two different types of catalysts (enzyme and metal nanoparticles). The heterogeneous integrated enzyme/metal nanoparticle AAE/AFCW systems, which contain chitosan as the main structural component, co‐catalyze dynamic kinetic resolution of primary amines via a tandem racemization/enantioselective amidation reaction process to give the corresponding amides in high yields and excellent ee. The heterogeneous AAE/AFCW systems display successful heterogeneous synergistic catalysis at the surfaces since they can catalyze multiple reaction cycles without metal leaching. The use of natural‐based and biocompatible structural components makes the AAE/AFCW systems fully biodegradable and renewable, thus fulfilling important green chemistry requirements.
Sustainable Carrageenan/Nanocomposite Films Incorporated with Optimized Zingiber officinale Extracts for Active Packaging Systems
Authors: Subramaniam Sarmilaah Dewi , Wan Yahaya Wan Amnin , Mohd Azman Nurul Aini , Mohd Arshad Zatul Iffah , Basrawi Firdaus 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOptimized Bentong ginger (BG) extract using ultrasonic‐assisted extraction (UAE) was incorporated in hybrid carrageenan/nanocomposite biopolymers for active packaging films. The design of experiments based on central composite design was applied for the study of the operating parameters (amplitude, sonication time, and solvent concentration) of UAE in the recovery of phenolic compounds from BG. Optimized extracts were analyzed for the content of 6‐gingerols in liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and formulated in carrageenan/nanocellulose hybrid films for active packaging applications. The mechanical properties of the films and release behavior of antioxidant compounds into food simulants were investigated. The optimized UAE BG extract was found efficacious as an antioxidant agent in active packaging.
Ethylene Glycol Dry Reforming over La‐Co/Al2O3: Optimization and Regeneration Studies
Authors: Rajendran Yogesvaran , Abdulkadir Bashir Abubakar , Jun Lau Ngie , Miskan Siti Nurqurratulainie , Vo Dai-Viet N. , Lim Jun Wei , Setiabudi Herma Dina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract3%La‐10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst was synthesized and catalytically optimized by using response surface methodology (RSM) for ethylene glycol dry reforming (EGDR). 3%La‐10%Co/Al2O3 showed excellent EGDR, whereby optimum performance (EG conversion of 80.43 %, CO2 conversion of 42.51 %, H2 yield of 76.41 %, and CO yield of 71.77 %) was attained under moderate reaction conditions (998 K, CO2 partial pressure of 15 kPa, and EG partial pressure of 23 kPa). The RSM model was statistically significant, and validation experiments showed a negligible discrepancy between the experimental and predicted values, demonstrating the validity and dependability of the model. The stability and regeneration studies evidenced the feasibility and catalytic stability of 3%La‐10%Co/Al2O3.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of a Library of Sulfonamide Analogs of Memantine to Target Glioblastoma
Authors: Philo John E. , Caudle Jenna D. , Moussa Reema N. , Kampmeyer Patrick M. , Hasin Tasfia R. , Seo David K. , Sheaff Robert J. , Lamar Angus A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA library of 34 lipophilic sulfonamides based upon the memantine core has been synthesized to identify potential drug candidates to cross the blood‐brain barrier and target glioblastoma. The library was screened for in vitro activity against 4 mammalian cell lines, including U‐87 (glioblastoma). Additional synthetic variation of the active compounds has validated the importance of specific regions of the pharmacophore, with the sulfonamide functionality and S‐aryl unit displaying the most significant impact. In silico investigations suggest the active compounds might target DDR1 or RET proteins. The investigation has resulted in several compounds that warrant further development for lead optimization.
On‐chip bias‐generating architecture for an automotive application with a wide input dynamic range
Authors: Deo Anupama , Patra Supratik , Maity Ashis , Patra Amit 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThis paper presents an on‐chip bias‐generating architecture for automotive applications with a wide input range of 3.8–36 V in a 0.18‐ m high‐voltage bipolar‐CMOS‐DMOS (BCD) process. The proposed architecture effectively manages high‐voltage stress issues with few high‐voltage devices optimizing the silicon area. The proposed bias‐generator comprising crude‐reference and crude‐regulator generates a preliminary low bias voltage for the bandgap‐reference circuit. An adaptive‐biased, with‐capacitor, low‐dropout regulator generates a well‐regulated core supply with low quiescent current and better stability over the wide input range. The adaptive biasing expands the unity gain frequency with increasing load enabling a fast‐transient response. The proposed LDO provides a 5‐V output voltage and a load current of 10  A to 20 mA from 5.5‐ to 36‐V supply with a 500‐mV dropout voltage consuming a very low quiescent current of 5  A. With 0‐ to 20‐mA load step and an output capacitor of 1 F, an undershoot of 40 mV and an overshoot of 55 mV are achieved.
Toward automated infrared spectral analysis in community drug checking
Authors: Gozdzialski Lea , Hutchison Abby , Wallace Bruce , Gill Chris , Hore Dennis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe body of knowledge surrounding infrared spectral analysis of drug mixtures continues to grow alongside the physical expansion of drug checking services. Technicians trained in the analysis of spectroscopic data are essential for reasons that go beyond the accuracy of the analytical results. Significant barriers faced by people who use drugs in engaging with drug checking services include the speed and accuracy of the results, and the availability and accessibility of the service. These barriers can be overcome by the automation of interpretations. A random forest model for the detection of two compounds, MDA and fluorofentanyl, was trained and optimized with drug samples acquired at a community drug checking site. This resulted in a 79% true positive and 100% true negative rate for MDA, and 61% true positive and 97% true negative rate for fluorofentanyl. The trained models were applied to selected drug samples to demonstrate a proposed workflow for interpreting and validating model predictions. The detection of MDA was demonstrated on three mixtures: (1) MDMA and MDA, (2) MDA and dimethylsulfone, and (3) fentanyl, etizolam, and benzocaine. The classification of fluorofentanyl was applied to a drug mixture containing fentanyl, fluorofentanyl, 4‐anilino‐N‐phenethylpiperidine, caffeine, and mannitol. Feature importance was calculated using shapely additive explanations to better explain the model predictions and k‐nearest neighbors was used for visual comparison to labelled training data. This is a step toward building appropriate trust in computer‐assisted interpretations in order to promote their use in a harm reduction context.