bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die notärztliche Versorgung von langzeitbeatmeten Patienten im außerstationären Umfeld – im Spannungsfeld zwischen Intensivmedizin und häuslicher Versorgung
Authors: Skazel Tobias , Raub Marcel Dominic , Haas Kirsten , Schutzmeier Martha , Brandstetter Lilly , Ahnert Jutta , Klingshirn Hanna , Reuschenbach Bernd , Heuschmann Peter , Meybohm Patrick , Wurmb Thomas , Kippnich Maximilian 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungÜber die letzten Jahre gewann die außerklinische Langzeitbeatmung zunehmend an Bedeutung. Auch wenn Akutkomplikationen im außerstationären Setting nur selten auftreten, sind diese oft mit
dramatischen Folgen verbunden. Bislang ist unbekannt, wie hoch die Einsatzerfahrung von Notärzten in der präklinischen Behandlung von heimbeatmeten Patienten ist, mit welchen Problemen sie
sich im Einsatz konfrontiert sehen und wo Verbesserungspotenzial liegt.In dieser retrospektiven Beobachtungsstudie wurde allen in Bayern tätigen Notärzten ein elektronischer Fragebogen übermittelt. Circa 7–8% (n = 264) der Notärzte sendeten eine Antwort.Von den an der Versorgung von langzeitbeatmeten Patienten beteiligten Notärzten sahen sich 66,9% (n = 121) mit Versorgungsproblemen konfrontiert. Insbesondere Probleme mit dem Atemweg oder
dem Beatmungsgerät sind besonders kritisch. Um dem vermehrten Aufkommen von Notfalleinsätzen bei langzeitbeatmeten Patienten gerecht zu werden, sollten spezifische Problemfelder dieser
Patientengruppe stärker in der Ausbildung von ärztlichem und nicht ärztlichem Rettungsdienstfachpersonal berücksichtigt werden.
Total Syntheses of 2,2′-Biindolyl Alkaloids via Cyanide-Catalyzed Imino-Stetter Reaction
Authors: Cheon Cheol-Hong , Park Jinjae , Kim Tae Lyn 
Published: April 2023

Abstract 2,2′-Biindolyl natural products have a long history of applications owing to their unique structural features and biological activities. In this Account, we describe the recent progress achieved by our research group in the total syntheses of several 2,2′-biindolyl natural products using the cyanide-catalyzed imino-Stetter reaction as the key reaction to construct the 2,2′-biindolyl scaffold from 2-aminocinnamic acid derivatives and indole-2-carboxaldehydes. The development of a novel protocol to access 2,2′-bisindole-3-acetic acid derivatives via the cyanide-catalyzed imino-Stetter reaction and its application to the total syntheses of class I (arcyriaflavin A), class II (iheyamines A and B), and class III (calothrixin B) 2,2′-biindolyl natural products are discussed.1.	Introduction2.	Synthesis of 2,2′-Biindolyl Compounds via Cyanide-Catalyzed Imino-Stetter Reaction3.	Total Synthesis of Arcyriaflavin A4.	Total Syntheses of Iheyamines A and B5.	Total Synthesis of Calothrixin B6.	Conclusion
Syntheses of Oxazolidinone-2,3-Fused Indoline and Azaindoline Derivatives
Authors: Nishi Takahide , Yamada Koji , Ishizawa Kaho , Oonishi Yoshihiro , Sato Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe herein describe a practical synthetic method to access oxazolidinone-2,3-fused indoline and azaindoline derivatives via one-pot cyclization. These derivatives, which contain sp3-hybridized carbons, may be useful as new scaffolds in medicinal chemistry.
Stabilization of the Distal Radioulnar Joint Using the TightRope Implant: A Distal Oblique Bundle Augmentation
Authors: Jawahier Priscilla Alysha , Rahimtoola Zulfi O. , Schep N. W. L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injury often results in distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability. However, not all patients with a ruptured TFCC have an unstable DRUJ as in these patients a distal oblique bundle (DOB) may be present. We assumed that augmentation of the DOB leads to a more stable situation following reinsertion of the TFCC. We present the clinical results of a new surgical technique using the TightRope system as a DOB augmentation.
Description of Technique All cases were treated under regional anesthesia with the TightRope implant for which a tunnel was drilled from the distal ulna through the radius along the path of the DOB. The TightRope was passed through the tunnel and secured with buttons on either side. X-rays were made during surgery to confirm correct positioning.
Methods A retrospective study was performed analyzing 21 cases treated with a TightRope augmentation of the DOB. The primary outcome was measured using the patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) score at least 12 months after surgery.
Results Postoperatively, the DRUJ was stable in all patients. The median PRWE score was 16 for the injured side compared to zero for the uninjured side (p-value: < 0.001). The median pronation and supination were not statistically significant when we compared the injured side to the uninjured side. The median grip strength was 31 kg for the injured side compared to 38 kg for the uninjured side (p-value: 0.015). There were two minor postoperative complications (10%).
Conclusion This technique is capable of restoring DRUJ stability with a short immobilization period resulting in good patient-related outcomes and a low complication rate.
Successful Treatment of Congenital Hyperinsulinism Due to KJNJ11 Gene Mutation with Long-Acting Release Octreotide: A Case Report from the Arab Region
Authors: Hasan Gamal M. , Al Hakim Ammar , Eldesoky Mohammad , Suleman Iftikhar , Deeb Asma 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCongenital hyperinsulinism is a rare hereditary condition that is caused by various gene mutations related to the function of the pancreatic β-cells. It is characterized by dysregulation of insulin secretion leading to profound and recurrent hypoglycemia. Its clinical presentation, histology, response to treatment, and underlying genetic defects are variable making it a heterogeneous condition. Pancreatectomy is indicated in diazoxide un-responsive cases. However, surgical treatment is associated with the possibility of persistent hypoglycemia and iatrogenic diabetes. We report a 3 months old girl who presented with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. She was born to consanguineous parents and had a history of four neonatal deaths in siblings. Whole exome sequencing detected a KCNJ11 variant c.350_352del p.(Phe117del) in a homozygous state. Pancreatic scan (positron emission tomography/computed tomography) showed a diffusely increased radioisotope uptake in the head and tail of the pancreas. She was resistant to diazoxide and nifedipine and was shifted to octreotide treatment through multiple daily subcutaneous injections initially. Treatment was changed to monthly depot injection of octreotide that resulted in euglycemia. She kept a normal rate of growth, insulin-like growth factor-1, and liver function. This case is an example of an alternative effective medical therapy that avoids major surgical intervention and prevents long-term complication of recurrent hypoglycemia and iatrogenic diabetes resulting after surgery.
Outcomes of Surgical Treatment of Peripheral Neuromas of the Hand and Forearm
Authors: El-Gammal Yousif Tarek , Cardenas-Mateus Laura , Tsai Tsu Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe choice of a specific technique for surgical treatment of neuromas remains a problem. The purpose of this study is to determine the overall effectiveness of surgery as well as to find out whether certain surgical procedures are more effective than others. Twenty-nine patients operated between 1998 and 2018 and followed for at least 12 months were reviewed. Clinical assessment included the identification of a pre- and postoperative Tinel sign, pain visual analog score, two-point discrimination (2PD), and grip strength. Mechanisms of injury included clean lacerations (11), crush injuries (11), and other trauma or surgery (7). Mean time from presentation to surgery was 9 months. Seven surgical procedures involving excision in 10 patients and excision and nerve repair in 19 patients were performed. Pain score improved from an average of 7.1 ± 2.3 to 1.8 ± 1.7 with 27 patients (93%) reporting mild or no postoperative pain. Nine patients complained of residual scar hypersensitivity and six patients had residual positive Tinel. No patient required an additional surgical procedure. 2PD improved from an average of 9.6 ± 4.0 to 6.8 ± 1.0. The improvement of pain score and 2PD was statistically significant. Nerve repair resulted in marginally better outcomes, in terms of 2PD and grip strength recovery, than excision alone. The mechanism of injury, zone of involvement, time to intervention, or length of follow-up did not have an impact on the outcomes. Although patient numbers in this study are large in comparison to previous studies, larger patient numbers will allow for a multivariate analysis, which can be possible with a prospective multicenter trial.
Restorative Treatment Considerations for Black Triangle: A Case Series
Authors: Yusof Hazira M. , Abdul Hayei Nur Ayman 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe interdental papilla is of utmost importance in smile aesthetics. Missing interdental tissue often raises an aesthetic concern; however, the issue is more than just an aesthetic complication. This study reviews the most commonly seen cases and methods to minimize the aesthetic complications caused by missing interdental tissue. The technique that will be discussed is from nonsurgical techniques, including composite restoration, indirect restorations, and gingival veneer. This article is clinically relevant in educating clinicians on various methods to restore and improve the optics that arise from a missing interdental papilla.
Effectiveness of Preoperative Red Cell Preparation and Intraoperative Massive Transfusion in Brain Tumor Operation
Authors: Tunthanathip Thara , Sae-heng Sakchai , Oearsakul Thakul , Kaewborisutsakul Anukoon , Taweesomboonyat Chin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Excessive requests for preoperative packed red cell (PRC) preparation have been noted, resulting in waste of blood products and higher costs in brain tumor surgery. The objectives of the present study were as follows: (1) the primary objective was to assess the effectiveness index of blood preparation and utilization; (2) the secondary objective was to explore factors associated with intraoperative PRC transfusion; and (3) the third objective was to identify the prevalence and analyze risk factors of massive transfusion.
Methods A retrospective cohort study was done on patients who had undergone brain tumor operations. The effectiveness indexes of preoperative PRC preparation and intraoperative utilization were calculated as follows: the crossmatch to transfusion (C/T) ratio, transfusion probability (Tp), and transfusion index (Ti). Additionally, factors associated with intraoperative PRC transfusion and massive transfusion were analyzed.
Results There were 1,708 brain tumor patients and overall C/T, Tp, and Ti were 3.27, 45.54%, and 1.10, respectively. Prevalence of intraoperative PRC transfusion was 44.8%, and meningioma, intraosseous/skull-based tumor, and tumor size were linked with massive transfusion.
Conclusion Unnecessary preoperative blood component preparation for brain tumor surgery was noticed in routine practice. Exploring intraoperative transfusion variables has been challenged in optimizing crossmatch and actual use.
Stages of organizational development and employee assistance programs in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Yin-Che , Chen Yun-Chu , Chu Hui-Chuang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEmployee assistance programs (EAPs) provide work, living, and health services to help employees overcome personal and organizational obstacles that affect their productivity. Most businesses in Taiwan are small or medium-sized, and their scale, stage of development, and resources affect their implementation of EAPs. This study explored EAPs and related measures that organizations can implement in each stage of their development. The results may serve as a reference for human resources personnel in planning EAPs, specifically in identifying appropriate measures to implement for each developmental stage of their organizations. The modified Delphi method and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process were used to organize and analyze key EAP measures and their weights during the creation, guidance, authorization, coordination, and collaboration stages of organizational development. Data analysis revealed that in all five stages of organizational development, work-related EAP measures are the most crucial. As an organization transitions from the creation to collaboration stages, the work dimension is neglected in favor of the health dimension. In the authorization stage, the organization begins to provide a wider range of services in the living dimension. The results and other information regarding EAP service models indicate that in each developmental stage, an organization should adopt a different EAP service model that suits its resources, organizational structure, implementation of EAP measures, and other factors.
Trapped in the past: trauma in The Sins of the Mother and Outside Time
Authors: Bayoumy Heidi Mohamed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study examines the dramatization of trauma and post traumatic effects in two selected plays: The Sins of the Mother (2008) and Out of Time (2009). The Sins of the Mother is an American play written by Tony Devaney Morinelli that revolves around the plight of an Irish American family struggling because of the repeated pattern of the violent alcoholic mother who suppresses her daughters. In this respect, the play shows the effect of domestic violence. More importantly, the play emphasizes the cyclic nature of traumatic experiences: the daughters eventually inherit the mothers’ sins and repeat their oppressive behavior, as clear in Marie, the mother, and her daughters Ellen and Rose. Out of Time is an Iraqi play that deals with the inability of an Iraqi woman to escape her traumatic memories. Based on The Feast of the Goat by Mario Vargas LIosa and adapted by The Actor Studio, the play is focused on Zahra, the protagonist, who recounts her painful memories that underscore the misery of Iraqis during Saddam Hussein’s regime and even after its fall. Both plays show the effect of the traumatic past on the characters who are unable to forget, escape, or even cope with painful memories. The aim of this paper is thus to explore these traumatic experiences in the two plays and their dramatization on stage in flashbacks and in scenes in which there is simultaneous existence of the past and present through the lens of Literary Trauma Studies.
From one Darwin to another: Charles Darwin’s annotations to Erasmus Darwin’s ‘The Temple of Nature’
Authors: Hernández-Avilez Eva Guadalupe , Ruiz-Gutiérrez Rosaura 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the history of evolutionary thought, it has often been said that ideas on the transformation of species found in the work of Erasmus Darwin, principally as set forth in hisThe Temple of Nature(1803), inspired his grandson’s theory of evolution. However, little historical evidence has been produced to back up this claim. Based on a physical examination of Charles Darwin’s own copy ofThe Temple of Nature, this paper presents the 25 markings Darwin made in the book as evidence of his interest in and familiarity with Erasmus Darwin’s ideas on the change over time across species. This finding contradicts previous statements reporting only two annotations, which suggested he had little to no interest in the book. This paper purposes that Charles Darwin’s annotations indicate his and his grandfather’s shared interest in the competition for reproduction (sexual selection) and point to a more remarkable resemblance between Erasmus Darwin’sThe Temple of Natureand Charles Darwin’sThe Descent of Man(1871) rather than to Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by means of natural selection (The Origin of Species), to which Erasmus’s ideas are more often compared.
The antecedents of MNC political risk and uncertainty under right-wing populist governments
Authors: Sallai Dorottya , Schnyder Gerhard , Kinderman Daniel , Nölke Andreas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRight-wing populist parties who obtain governmental power rely on ethno-nationalist mobilization for domestic legitimacy. They may therefore adopt policies that explicitly seek to disadvantage foreign multinational corporations (MNCs). Understanding what factors increase a foreign MNC’s exposure to adverse action by right-wing populists is an understudied question in the field of international business policy. We investigate this question in post-socialist member states of the European Union, which constitute extreme cases of right-wing populist government power. As such, they constitute a fertile ground to further our theoretical understanding of the distinction between calculable political risk and incalculable political uncertainty. Through a case study-based theory-building approach, which draws on existing literature and interview data, we derive a series of propositions and develop a research agenda. We identify factors at the country-, sector-, and firm-level that influence exposure to adverse policy action by host-country governments. We explore when political risk may turn into political uncertainty and provide suggestions to foreign MNCs operating in right-wing populist contexts on how to reduce this uncertainty. Our study provides insights for policy makers too, who should be aware of the impact political shifts towards right-wing populist governments have on political uncertainty for foreign companies.
Photoionization of the water molecule with XCHEM
Authors: Fernández-Milán P. , Borràs V. J. , González-Vázquez J. , Martín F. 
Published: April 2023

We have evaluated total and partial photoionization cross sections, β asymmetry parameters, and molecular frame photoelectron angular distributions (MFPADs) of the water molecule by using the XCHEM methodology. This method accounts for electron correlation in the electronic continuum, which is crucial to describe Feshbach resonances and their autoionization decay. We have identified a large number of Feshbach resonances, some of them previously unknown, in the region between 12.2 and 18.7 eV, for which we provide energy positions and widths. Many of these resonances lead to pronounced peaks in the photoionization spectra, some of them remarkably wide (up to 0.2 eV, for resonances converging to the third ionization threshold), which should be observable in high-energy resolution experiments. We show that, in the vicinity of these peaks, both asymmetry parameters and MFPADs vary very rapidly with photoelectron energy, which, as in atoms and simpler molecules, reflects the interference between direct ionization and autoionization, which is mostly driven by electron correlation.
Multilayer WSe2/ZnO heterojunctions for self-powered, broadband, and high-speed photodetectors
Authors: Ghanbari Hamidreza , Abnavi Amin , Hasani Amirhossein , Kabir Fahmid , Ahmadi Ribwar , Mohammadzadeh Mohammad Reza , Fawzy Mirette , De Silva Thushani , Adachi Michael M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Self-powered broadband photodetectors have attracted great interest due to their applications in biomedical imaging, integrated circuits, wireless communication systems, and optical switches. Recently, significant research is being carried out to develop high-performance self-powered photodetectors based on thin 2D materials and their heterostructures due to their unique optoelectronic properties. Herein, a vertical heterostructure based on p-type 2D WSe2 and n-type thin film ZnO is realized for photodetectors with a broadband response in the wavelength range of 300–850 nm. Due to the formation of a built-in electric field at the WSe2/ZnO interface and the photovoltaic effect, this structure exhibits a rectifying behavior with a maximum photoresponsivity and detectivity of ∼131 mA W−1 and ∼3.92 × 1010 Jones, respectively, under an incident light wavelength of λ = 300 nm at zero voltage bias. It also shows a 3-dB cut-off frequency of ∼300 Hz along with a fast response time of ∼496 μs, making it suitable for high-speed self-powered optoelectronic applications. Furthermore, the facilitation of charge collection under reverse voltage bias results in a photoresponsivity as high as ∼7160 mA W−1 and a large detectivity of ∼1.18 × 1011 Jones at a bias voltage of −5 V. Hence, the p-WSe2/n-ZnO heterojunction is proposed as an excellent candidate for high-performance, self-powered, and broadband photodetectors.
The butterfly effect: a rising bubble in an enclosed volume
Authors: Valerievich Ivchenko Vladimir 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
If a bubble rises in a liquid-filled and hermetically sealed container, then a significant increase in pressure inside it is possible. We analyse this situation using both the model of an incompressible fluid and taking into account its compressibility. Due to the counter-intuitive nature and mathematical simplicity, this issue will be interesting and accessible for college students.
The behaviour of the argon transport with electron cyclotron resonance heating in J-TEXT
Authors: Yan Wei , Chen Zhongyong , Zhang Xiaolong , Xia Donghui , Shi Yuejiang , Jin Wei , Li Jianchao , Wang Nengchao , Li You , Fang Jiangang , Yang Zhoujun , Chen Zhipeng , Ding Yonghua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The transport of impurities is very important for burning plasma; in particular, the accumulation of highly charged impurities will lead to the deterioration of plasma performance and trigger disruption by radiation losses. In order to study impurity transport in Joint Texas EXperimental Tokamak electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) plasmas, argon has been injected at the discharge flattop in an amount approximately 1% that of fuelling hydrogen gas to ensure no significant effect on the discharge. Experimental results show that precursor oscillations with a sawtooth appearance are beneficial for argon ion transport to the wall. The argon behaviour has been modulated by ECRH, with the power deposited inside/outside the sawtooth inverse radius. The ECRH power deposited outside the sawtooth inverse radius can induce larger precursor oscillations in the end of sawtooth and promote the argon transport. The ECRH power deposited inside the sawtooth inverse radius can induce oscillations in the mid-phase of the sawtooth and decrease the core toroidal rotation velocity, which can enhance argon transport. The results of the analysis that these oscillations can lead to an outward convection velocity, which means that the argon ions are transported to the wall. In addition, the oscillations in the mid-phase of the sawtooth can strongly enhance the argon transport.
Flexible gallium oxide electronics
Authors: Tang Xiao , Lu Yi , Li Xiaohang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Flexible Ga2O3 devices are becoming increasingly important in the world of electronic products due to their unique properties. As a semiconductor, Ga2O3 has a much higher bandgap, breakdown electric field, and dielectric constant than silicon, making it a great choice for next-generation semiconductor materials. In addition, Ga2O3 is a particularly robust material that can withstand a wide range of temperatures and pressure levels, thus is ideal for harsh environments such as space or extreme temperatures. Finally, its superior electron transport properties enable higher levels of electrical switching speed than traditional semiconducting materials. Endowing Ga2O3-based devices with good mechanical robustness and flexibility is crucial to make them suitable for use in applications such as wearable electronics, implantable electronics, and automotive electronics However, as a typical ceramic material, Ga2O3 is intrinsically brittle and requires high temperatures for its crystallization. Therefore fabricating flexible Ga2O3 devices is not a straightforward task by directly utilizing the commonly used polymer substrates. In this context, in recent years people have developed several fabrication routes, which are the transfer route, in situ room-temperature amorphous route, and in situ high-temperature epitaxy route. In this review, we discuss the advantages and limitations of each technique and evaluate the opportunities for and challenges in realizing the applications of flexible Ga2O3 devices.