bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of planting density, fertilization and growing season on the nutritional composition of 10 quinoa varieties (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) cultivated in the Central Highlands of Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen V M , Chuyen H V 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has been grown and used as a food ingredient in Europe and South America for thousands of years and some varieties have recently been found suitable to grow under tropical conditions of Asian countries including Vietnam. This study aimed at investigating the variation in nutritional quality (protein, starch, fat, fibre and mineral contents) of quinoa seeds from 10 varieties as affected by different growing factors including planting density, fertilization and growing season in Dak Lak province, Vietnam. The results showed that the growth of quinoa in rainy season (August to November) with the planting density of 66,666 plants/ha using the fertilizing formulation of “120 kg N + 60 kg P2O5 + 105 kg K2O + 1000 kg organic compost + 500 kg of lime powder”/ha/crop resulted in the highest yield and nutritional quality of quinoa seeds. Atlas variety produced the highest yield with the highest protein content (22.7 %) while Lucas boldo variety had the highest fat content (4.4%) and Isluga variety showed the highest mineral content (9.4%) among others. The starch content of the varieties was comparable and ranged from 57.7 to 60.2%. These findings suggest that quinoa can be a new promising crop for agriculture development in Vietnam.
Investigation of chitin recovery from shrimp waste by yeast fermentation
Authors: Ta T M N , Bui H H , Trinh T T N , Nguyen T M N , Nguyen H N 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the possibility of using yeast fermentation to transform shrimp waste to chitin for further application. The white leg shrimp head was incubated with three yeast strains Yarrowia lipolytica, Candida tropicalis and Pichia kudriavzevii, in comparison with bacteria Bacillus subtilis and commercial protease Alcalase. The efficacy of fermentation was evaluated through deproteinization and demineralization levels after 2 days. A deproteinization of 80.9% was obtained when incubation with Y. lipolytica which was significantly higher than 76.9% and 65.6% obtained with Alcalase hydrolysis and B. subtilis incubation respectively. Besides, C. tropicalis and P. kudriavzevii expressed a similar low level on deproteinization (31.3-31.7%.) All three yeast showed a good demineralization in range 38.2-49.4% on shrimp head while B. subtilis could demineralize only 16.0%. This primary research shows a potential application of yeast fermentation in chitin recovery from shrimp waste.
The growth impact of Capsicum annuum crops in hydrogel incorporated media
Authors: Hafiz-Afham K , Hasan N A , Rafii M Y , Sidik N J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Increasing food and water security via sustainable agriculture is vital, particularly in light of climate change. Researchers and farmers have recently shown a great deal of interest in the agricultural applications of hydrogels. This research aims to evaluate the impact of hydrogel on Capsicum annuum crop productivity and irrigation water use effectiveness. In a polybag containing a specifically formulated mixture of hydrogel and topsoil, the pepper variety cv Bara was contained. The use of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% biodegradable hydrogel doses per plant was also investigated. The treatment schedule was established using a random complete block strategy. Investigated factors included water usage, irrigation frequency, plant height, leaf number, leaf area, and leaf area index. According to the study’s findings, 40 percent hydrogel and 60 percent topsoil per plant produced the optimum growth characteristics. The results of the study indicate that hydrogel able to hold water, circulating water into the media and enhancing the water usage efficiency of pepper crops without affecting plant growth.
Dual emission and its λ-ratiometric detection in analytical fluorimetry. Pt. I. Basic mechanisms of generating the reporter signal
Authors: Demchenko Alexander P 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The wavelength-ratiometric techniques gain increasing popularity in fluorescence probing and sensing for providing inner reference to output signal and removing instrumental artefacts, in this way increasing the sensitivity and reliability of assays. Recent developments demonstrate that such approach can allow achieving much more, with the application of broad range of novel molecular and nanoscale fluorophores (luminophores), exploring the whole power of photophysical and photochemical effects and using extended range of assay formats. Simplicity of detection and potentially rich content of output data allows realizing these techniques in different simplified, miniaturized and multiplexing devices. The latter issues are discussed in Pt. II of these series.
Room Temperature Phosphorescence of 5,6-Benzoquinoline
Authors: Chavez Jose , Ceresa Luca , Kitchner Emma , Pham Danh , Gryczynski Zygmunt , Gryczynski Ignacy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Phosphorescence emission of 5,6-Benzoquinoline embedded in poly (vinyl alcohol) film has been studied at room temperature. A strong green long-lived emission was observed in films doped with 5,6-Benzoquinoline while illuminated on a UV plate. A broad phosphorescence emission spectrum is centered at about 500 nm. The phosphorescence excitation spectrum follows the absorption spectrum of 5,6-Benzoquinoline, except for a long-wavelength part, which is well beyond the absorption band. This long-wavelength part of the absorption spectrum is responsible for the forbidden S0—T1 transition. The excitation at 430 nm resulted in the long-lived emission with a spectrum similar to the phosphorescence spectrum obtained with UV excitation within the absorption of 5,6-Benzoquinoline. The phosphorescence anisotropy obtained with a direct S0—T1 excitation is positive, while the UV excitation is negative. In contrast to fluorescence, the phosphorescence intensity strongly depends on temperature. Phosphorescence lifetimes with UV and long-wavelength excitation are similar, with a mean value of about 0.5 s.
Improvement of CNR in low-count PET scans using tissue-scattered data as initial estimate in non-TOF MLEM reconstruction
Authors: Ghosh Satyajit , Das Pragya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We have proposed a method to improve contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of lesions in low-count PET scans using the rejected single scattered (inside tissue) data. Indeed, with the advent of high-quality detectors regarding their energy and time resolution, and list mode data acquisition, adding single scattered events by estimating their original line of response has become more and more feasible. The low-count PET scan data were simulated using GATE software considering Jaszczak type object, and images were reconstructed using STIR. A deconvolution based method to create images from rejected single scatter data has been proposed. These scatter images were, in turn, used as an initial estimate in non-TOF MLEM reconstruction. Three types of human-sized PET scanners—ideal, state-of-art, and future generation—with different timing and energy resolutions were considered. We found a significant improvement in trade-off between the contrast recovery coefficient (CRC) and coefficient of variation (CoV) for the non-TOF MLEM reconstructed images while comparing with other less computational ways of creating initial estimates. CNR improvements were found for all lesions. The present work demonstrated the beneficial use of tissue-scattered TOF PET events which constitutes a high percentage of data in PET imaging, and rejected in general. Our approach has a potential and scope for further study.
Study on the preparation of Interleukin 8 loaded hydrogel fiber and regulation on recruitment of stem cells
Authors: Wang Danni , Wang Xingming , Pu Ximing , Yin Guangfu , Zhu Zhenrong , An Xiaoran , Zhang Wen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The high wastage rate and low survival rate of seed cells in conventional bone tissue engineering (BTE) are always a challenge for tissue regeneration. Constructing scaffolds that could continuously recruit endogenous stem cells is considered a novel way to promote tissue repair. In this study, a GelMA fiber hydrogel membrane loaded interleukin 8 (IL8) (IL8-GelMA), was prepared via electrostatic spinning technology. Compared with Gelatin fiber, GelMA fiber possessed a smooth morphology with nanoscale diameter and better physical properties including hydrophilicity, elastic modulus, swelling rate and degradation rate. In addition, IL8-GelMA fiber membranes could lead an osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Moreover, the results of chemotaxis experiment demonstrated that both IL8 and IL8-GelMA fiber membranes promote the migration of BMSCs in vitro. These results suggested that IL8-GelMA fiber membranes can be used for cell-free scaffold of bone repair, which can not only recruit endogenous BMSCs, but also promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
Cross-coupling contribution to the isothermal entropy change in multicaloric materials
Authors: Mañosa Lluís , Stern-Taulats Enric , Gràcia-Condal Adrià , Planes Antoni 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Multiferroic materials with strong coupling between different degrees of freedom are prone to exhibit giant multicaloric effects resulting from the application or removal of diverse external fields. These materials exhibit a synergic response to the combined action of two fields when the monocaloric effects are both conventional (or both inverse), while a non-synergic response occurs when one of the monocaloric effects is conventional and the other is inverse. In all cases, the multicaloric properties (isothermal entropy and adiabatic temperature changes) do not result from the simple addition of the corresponding monocaloric quantities because there is a contribution from the interplay between degrees of freedom (cross-coupling term). In this paper, we analyse in detail the contribution of the cross-coupling term to the multicaloric entropy values obtained for both synergic and non-synergic multicaloric materials. We first introduce basic thermodynamic concepts accounting for the multicaloric effects, and next the contribution from the cross-coupling term is illustrated via several model examples. We finally analyse the realistic situation for two prototype materials with synergic and non-synergic multicaloric effects.
Improving barocaloric properties by tailoring transition hysteresis in Mn3Cu 1−x
Sn x
N antiperovskites
Authors: Rendell-Bhatti Frederic , Zeng Ming , Lloveras Pol , Tamarit Josep-Lluís , Barrio María , Connolly Eamonn T , MacLaren Donald A , Johnson Freya , Cohen Lesley F , Boldrin David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The magnetically frustrated manganese nitride antiperovskite family displays significant changes of entropy under changes in hydrostatic pressure near a first-order antiferromagnetic to paramagnetic phase transition that can be useful for the emerging field of solid-state barocaloric cooling. In previous studies, the transition hysteresis has significantly reduced the reversible barocaloric effects (BCE). Here we show that the transition hysteresis can be tailored through quaternary alloying in the Mn3Cu

1
−
x

Sn

x

N system. We find the magnitude of hysteresis is minimised when Cu and Sn are equiatomic (x = 0.5) reaching values far less than previously found for Mn3
AN (

A
=

Pd, Ni, Ga, Zn), whilst retaining entropy changes of the same order of magnitude. These results demonstrate that reversible BCE are achievable for p < 100 MPa in the Mn3(A, B)N family and suggest routes to modify the transition properties in compounds of the same family.
Multiple resonance induced thermally activated delayed fluorescence: effect of chemical modification
Authors: Wang Xiaopeng , Gao Siyu , Wang Aizhu , Wang Bo , Marom Noa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) is the internal conversion of triplet excitons into singlet excitons via reverse intersystem crossing (RISC). It improves the efficiency of organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) by enabling the harvesting of nonradiative triplet excitons. Multiple resonance (MR) induced TADF chromophores exhibit an additional advantage of high color purity due to their rigid conformation. However, owing to the strict design rules there is a limited number of known MR-TADF chromophores. For applications in full-color high-resolution OLED displays, it is desirable to extend the variety of available chromophores and their color range. We computationally explore the effect of chemical modification on the properties of the MR-TADF chromophore quinolino[3,2,1-de]acridine-5,9-dione (QAD). QAD derivatives are evaluated based on several metrics: The formation energy is associated with the ease of synthesis; The spatial distribution of the frontier orbitals indicates whether a compound remains an MR-TADF chromophore or turns into a donor–acceptor TADF chromophore; The change of the singlet excitation energy compared to the parent compound corresponds to the change in color; The energy difference between the lowest singlet and triplet states corresponds to the barrier to RISC; The reorganization energy is associated with the color purity. Based on these metrics, QAD-6CN is predicted to be a promising MR-TADF chromophore with a cyan hue. This demonstrates that computer simulations may aid the design of new MR-TADF chromophores by chemical modification.
Dual-band electromagnetically induced transparency terahertz metamaterial based on U-like resonator and metallic cut wire for sensing application
Authors: Duan Guiyuan , Xu Chongyang , Xu Wei , Gao Yonggang , Zhang Xiangyang , Zhu Huaxin , Huang Yang , Wang Ben-Xin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a new scheme for dual-band terahertz electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is reported using a simple metamaterial structure, whose surface structure is composed of periodically arranged U-like resonator and metallic cut wire. Two EIT peaks located at 0.65 THz and 1.26 THz with an average transmission intensity of greater than 93% are realized, the formation mechanism of two transparent peaks is mainly attributed to the coupling of bright-bright mode, which is verified by their near-field distributions. Structure parameter changes of metamaterial provide a great ability to regulate and control the performance of two transparent peaks. Interestingly, by replacing the lower baseline of U-like resonator with vanadium dioxide (VO2), the designed metamaterial can dynamically tune the number of EIT peaks. It is revealed that dual-band transparency could be actively converted to single-band transparency by merely varying the properties of VO2 from metallic state to insulating state without changing the structure complexity, and the maximum amplitude modulation depth could reach 93.1%. Further application of designed metamaterial related to sensing is discussed. The designed metamaterial with these excellent features could pave the way for the applications of terahertz technology-related fields.
Sparse block-structured random matrices: universality
Authors: Cicuta Giovanni M , Pernici Mario 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study ensembles of sparse block-structured random matrices generated from the adjacency matrix of a Erdös–Renyi random graph with N vertices of average degree Z, inserting a real symmetric d × d random block at each non-vanishing entry. We consider several ensembles of random block matrices with rank r < d and with maximal rank, r = d. The spectral moments of the sparse block-structured random matrix are evaluated for

N
→
∞

, d finite or infinite, and several probability distributions for the blocks (e.g. fixed trace, bounded trace and Gaussian). Because of the concentration of the probability measure in the

d
→
∞

limit, the spectral moments are independent of the probability measure of the blocks (with mild assumptions of isotropy, smoothness and sub-Gaussian tails). The effective medium approximation is the limiting spectral density of the sparse block-structured random ensembles with finite rank. Analogous classes of universality hold for the Laplacian sparse block-structured ensemble. The same limiting distributions are obtained using random regular graphs instead of Erdös–Renyi graphs.
The reusability prior: comparing deep learning models without training
Authors: Polat Aydın Göze , Alpaslan Ferda Nur 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Various choices can affect the performance of deep learning models. We conjecture that differences in the number of contexts for model components during training are critical. We generalize this notion by defining the reusability prior as follows: model components are forced to function in diverse contexts not only due to the training data, augmentation, and regularization choices, but also due to the model design itself. We focus on the design aspect and introduce a graph-based methodology to estimate the number of contexts for each learnable parameter. This allows a comparison of models without requiring any training. We provide supporting evidence with experiments using cross-layer parameter sharing on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and Imagenet-1K benchmarks. We give examples of models that share parameters outperforming baselines that have at least 60% more parameters. The graph-analysis-based quantities we introduced for the reusability prior align well with the results, including at least two important edge cases. We conclude that the reusability prior provides a viable research direction for model analysis based on a very simple idea: counting the number of contexts for model parameters.
Prediction of the morphological evolution of a splashing drop using an encoder–decoder
Authors: Yee Jingzu , Igarashi(五十嵐大地) Daichi , Miyatake(宮武駿) Shun , Tagawa(田川義之) Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The impact of a drop on a solid surface is an important phenomenon that has various implications and applications. However, the multiphase nature of this phenomenon causes complications in the prediction of its morphological evolution, especially when the drop splashes. While most machine-learning-based drop-impact studies have centred around physical parameters, this study used a computer-vision strategy by training an encoder–decoder to predict the drop morphologies using image data. Herein, we show that this trained encoder–decoder is able to successfully generate videos that show the morphologies of splashing and non-splashing drops. Remarkably, in each frame of these generated videos, the spreading diameter of the drop was found to be in good agreement with that of the actual videos. Moreover, there was also a high accuracy in splashing/non-splashing prediction. These findings demonstrate the ability of the trained encoder–decoder to generate videos that can accurately represent the drop morphologies. This approach provides a faster and cheaper alternative to experimental and numerical studies.
Magnetic skyrmions and domain walls for logical and neuromorphic computing
Authors: Hu Xuan , Cui Can , Liu Samuel , Garcia-Sanchez Felipe , Brigner Wesley H , Walker Benjamin W , Edwards Alexander J , Xiao T Patrick , Bennett Christopher H , Hassan Naimul , Frank Michael P , Anne C Incorvia Jean , Friedman Joseph S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Topological solitons are exciting candidates for the physical implementation of next-generation computing systems. As these solitons are nanoscale and can be controlled with minimal energy consumption, they are ideal to fulfill emerging needs for computing in the era of big data processing and storage. Magnetic domain walls (DWs) and magnetic skyrmions are two types of topological solitons that are particularly exciting for next-generation computing systems in light of their non-volatility, scalability, rich physical interactions, and ability to exhibit non-linear behaviors. Here we summarize the development of computing systems based on magnetic topological solitons, highlighting logical and neuromorphic computing with magnetic DWs and skyrmions.
EasyCellType: marker-based cell-type annotation by automatically querying multiple databases
Authors: Li Ruoxing , Zhang Jianjun , Li Ziyi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMotivationCell label annotation is a challenging step in the analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data, especially for tissue types that are less commonly studied. The accumulation of scRNA-seq studies and biological knowledge leads to several well-maintained cell marker databases. Manually examining the cell marker lists against these databases can be difficult due to the large amount of available information. Additionally, simply overlapping the two lists without considering gene ranking might lead to unreliable results. Thus, an automated method with careful statistical testing is needed to facilitate the usage of these databases.ResultsWe develop a user-friendly computational tool, EasyCellType, which automatically checks an input marker list obtained by differential expression analysis against the databases and provides annotation recommendations in graphical outcomes. The package provides two statistical tests, gene set enrichment analysis and a modified version of Fisher’s exact test, as well as customized database and tissue type choices. We also provide an interactive shiny application to annotate cells in a user-friendly graphical user interface. The simulation study and real-data applications demonstrate favorable results by the proposed method.Availability and implementationhttps://biostatistics.mdanderson.org/shinyapps/EasyCellType/; https://bioconductor.org/packages/devel/bioc/html/EasyCellType.html.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
The Epilepsy Ontology: a community-based ontology tailored for semantic interoperability and text mining
Authors: Sargsyan Astghik , Wegner Philipp , Gebel Stephan , Kaladharan Abish , Sethumadhavan Priya , Lage-Rupprecht Vanessa , Darms Johannes , Schultz Bruce , Klein Jürgen , Jacobs Marc , Madan Sumit , Hofmann-Apitius Martin , Kodamullil Alpha Tom 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMotivationEpilepsy is a multifaceted complex disorder that requires a precise understanding of the classification, diagnosis, treatment and disease mechanism governing it. Although scattered resources are available on epilepsy, comprehensive and structured knowledge is missing. In contemplation to promote multidisciplinary knowledge exchange and facilitate advancement in clinical management, especially in pre-clinical research, a disease-specific ontology is necessary. The presented ontology is designed to enable better interconnection between scientific community members in the epilepsy domain.ResultsThe Epilepsy Ontology (EPIO) is an assembly of structured knowledge on various aspects of epilepsy, developed according to Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) and Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology (OBO) Foundry principles. Concepts and definitions are collected from the latest International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification, domain-specific ontologies and scientific literature. This ontology consists of 1879 classes and 28 151 axioms (2171 declaration axioms, 2219 logical axioms) from several aspects of epilepsy. This ontology is intended to be used for data management and text mining purposes.Availability and implementationThe current release of the ontology is publicly available under a Creative Commons 4.0 License and shared via http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/epso.owl and is a community-based effort assembling various facets of the complex disease. The ontology is also deposited in BioPortal at https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/EPIO.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.