bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Report on the APMP key comparison of hydrometer calibrations APMP.M.D-K4
Authors: Lee K-C , Lee Y J , Inoue F , Toda K , Fujii K , Nor Fazrul Mohd , Tulasombut V , Steyn R , Fen K , Sutton C , Mandal G , Xu C , Fos Marilyn C , Hayu Renanta 
Published: March 2023

Main text
This report describes the APMP key comparison on the hydrometer calibrations, APMP.M.D-K4. This comparison is an APMP regional key comparison of CIPM key comparison CCM.D-K4.
Three hydrometers in the density range from 640 kg m-3 and 1 320 kg m-3 were used as travelling standards. Each hydrometer has a nominal density range of 20 kg m-3 with a scale division of 0.2 kg m-3. Eleven laboratories participated in this comparison. All laboratories except NMISA are from APMP. NMISA from AFRIMETS is also an APMP associate member.
Each participant reported the results of hydrometer calibration using Cuckow's method. The reference temperature for the hydrometer calibration was 20 °C and the surface tension of the reference liquid was given in the protocol for this comparison. KRISS and NMIJ acted as pilot and coordinating laboratories.
The measurement was performed between July 2008 and April 2010. The report from participants was completed in February 2012. The results of this comparison were linked to CCM.D-K4 through the results of KRISS, NMIJ, and NMIA.
NPLI, SNSU-BSN, and NMISA withdrew their results while preparing Draft A report of this comparison. The results of two participants, MSL and NIM, were inconsistent. However, because it has been more than 10 years since the measurements were completed, it is difficult to determine that the results reflect the current measurement capabilities of the two participants.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Erratum: Numerical study of stripping and stray particles for the one-RF-driver NBI negative ion source prototype of CFETR (2016 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
64 115005)
Authors: Song Fei , Zou Guiqing , Li Dong , Zuo Chen , Chen Peng , Chen Dezhi , Lei Guangjiu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Erratum for Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion
64 115005
The absorption properties of one-dimensional spherical photonic crystals based on plasma material
Authors: Zhu Tianqi , Lv You , Wang Ziran , Zhang Haifeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe first theoretical treatment of the electromagnetic properties of one-dimensional plasma spherical photonic crystals (1D PSPCs) in the non-magnetized state is carried out to obtain the expressions for the electric and magnetic fields. The utilization of the transfer matrix method provides a new idea for the exploration of the 1D PSPCs, based on which the expressions for the absorptance of the 1D PSPCs are derived. A structure of quasi-periodic 1D PSPCs arranged according to the Thue-Morse sequence is proposed to acquire the ultra-wide absorption bands (ABs) at large incidence angles by adding an air layer and setting the plasma frequency in a gradient. And the factors affecting the ABs are meticulously analyzed. It is figured out that the primary factors affecting ABs are topology and plasma frequency, both of which have vigoroso influences on the bandwidths and positions of ABs. However, the initial radius and the collision frequency prevailingly affect the amplitude of the absorptance. The unexceptionable geometric properties of the 1D PSPCs make them sensitive to parameter changes and can be applied in the field of absorbers and radomes, which have great application prospects and development space.
Interfacial properties of defective carbon nanotube/polypropylene composites: a molecular dynamics approach
Authors: Mani Akash , Sharma Sumit 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced nanocomposites have garnered a lot of attention as a very appealing alternative to traditional composite materials owing to their mechanical, chemical, thermal, and electrical characteristics. The interfacial properties of pristine CNT-polypropylene (CNT-PP) composites were evaluated in this study using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The pull-out process was performed for varying volume fractions (4%–14%) of the CNT. The maximum interfacial shear stress (IFSS) was obtained at a volume fraction of 6% for (6,6) armchair SWCNT. MD simulations have been performed on the nanocomposites to investigate the impact of Stone-Wales (SW) and vacancy defective CNT on the IFSS of the composites. The IFSS showed a maximum enhancement of 2.25% when 4.16% degree defects were loaded on the SWCNT in case of SW defects whereas the IFSS degraded by 11.97% for the same degree defect in case of vacancy defects. The presence of SW defects in the CNT enhanced the interfacial properties of composites whereas the CNTs with vacancy defects deteriorated the IFSS of the nanocomposite.
Theoretical optimization of cavity configurations for fiber lasers: enhancement of mode oscillation and slow-light effect
Authors: Fadhali Mohammed M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article theoretically investigates the optimization of various fiber Bragg cavities for sustaining laser oscillation and amplification in fiber lasers designed as distributed feedback reflectors and/or distributed Bragg reflectors. Coupled mode theory with the transfer matrix method have been used to obtain reflection and transmission spectra as well as group delay and dispersion for characterizing the proposed cavities. The optimum configuration gives symmetrical spectra with single-mode oscillation in the stop-band manifesting an enhanced slow-light process. Various cavity parameters such as cavity configuration, length, pitch, and structure of the grating are found to have a significant effect on the field confinement, oscillated modes, and dispersion of the spectrum. Cavities formed by phase-shifted FBGs showed better photon confinement, and better reinforcement of single-mode oscillations. By incorporating an extra etalon-like cavity (etalon), uniform spectra with wider stop-band can be manifested and single-mode oscillations with remarkable delay for the slow-light effect are maintained.
An innovative technique to solve a fractal damping Duffing-jerk oscillator
Authors: El-Dib Yusry O , Elgazery Nasser S , Khattab Youmna M , Alyousef Haifa A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The idea of the present article is to look into the nonlinear dynamics and vibration of a damping Duffing-jerk oscillator in fractal space exhibiting the non-perturbative approach. Using a new analytical technique, namely, the modification of a He’s fractal derivative that converts the fractal derivative to the traditional derivative in continuous space, this study provides an effective and easy-to-apply procedure that is dependent on the He’s fractal derivative approach. The analytic approximate solution has a significant match with the results of the numerical simulation as the fractal parameter is very closer to unity, which proves the reliability of the method. Stability behavior is discussed and illustrated graphically. These new powerful analytical tools are developed in an attempt to obtain effective analytical tools, valid for any fractal nonlinear problems.
Null test for cosmic curvature using Gaussian process*
Authors: Wu Peng-Ju , Qi Jing-Zhao , Zhang Xin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The cosmic curvature

, which determines the spatial geometry of the universe, is an important parameter in modern cosmology. Any deviation from

would have a profound impact on the primordial inflation paradigm and fundamental physics. In this work, we adopt a cosmological model-independent method to test whether

deviates from zero. We use the Gaussian process to reconstruct the reduced Hubble parameter

and the derivative of the distance

from observational data and then determine

with a null test relation. The cosmic chronometer (CC) Hubble data, baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) Hubble data, and supernovae Pantheon sample are considered. Our result is consistent with a spatially flat universe within the domain of reconstruction

, at the

confidence level. In the redshift interval

, the result favors a flat universe, while at

, it tends to favor a closed universe. In this sense, there is still a possibility for a closed universe. We also carry out the null test of the cosmic curvature at

using the simulated gravitational wave standard sirens, CC+BAO, and redshift drift Hubble data. The result indicates that in the future, with the synergy of multiple high-quality observations, we can tightly constrain the spatial geometry or exclude the flat universe.
Light meson emissions of selected charmonium-like states within compact tetraquark configurations*
Authors: Li Ning , He Hui-Zhen , Liang Wei , Lü Qi-Fang , Chen Dian-Yong , Dong Yu-Bing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We adopt the quark pair creation model to investigate the light meson emissions of several charmonium-like states. The quark pair creation model is applied to four-body systems, and we calculate the pion/kaon emissions of

,

,

,

,

, and

within compact tetraquark configurations. We find that the pion/kaon decay widths of

and

are relatively small, whereas the partial decay widths of the resonances

,

,

, and

are significant. We expect that our exploration of these decay behaviors will provide useful information for future experimental searches and theoretical interpretations.
Topological insulating phase arising in transition metal dichalcogenide alloy
Authors: Crasto de Lima F , Focassio B , Miwa R H , Fazzio A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides have been the subject of numerous studies addressing technological applications and fundamental issues. Single-layer PtSe2 is a semiconductor with a trivial bandgap, in contrast, its counterpart with

25
%

of Se atoms substituted by Hg, Pt2HgSe3 (jacutingaite, a naturally occurring mineral) is a 2D topological insulator with a large bandgap. Based on ab-initio calculations, we investigate the energetic stability, and the topological transition in Pt(Hg
x
Se

1
−
x

)2 as a function of alloy concentration, and the distribution of Hg atoms embedded in the PtSe2 host. Our findings reveal the dependence of the topological phase with respect to the alloy concentration and robustness with respect to the distribution of Hg. Through a combination of our ab-initio results and a defect wave function percolation model, we estimate the random alloy concentration threshold for the topological transition to be only

9
%

. Our results expand the possible search for non-trivial topological phases in random alloy systems.
Liouville rigidity and time-extrinsic Harnack estimates for an anisotropic slow diffusion
Authors: Ciani Simone , Guarnotta Umberto 
Published: March 2023

We prove that non-negative solutions to the fully anisotropic equation

∂
t

u
=

∑

i
=
1

N

∂
i

(

|

∂
i

u

|

p
i

−
2

∂
i

u
)
,

in

R

N

×
(
−
∞
,
T
)
,

\begin{equation*} \partial _t u= \sum _{i=1}^N \partial _i (|\partial _i u|^{p_i-2} \partial _i u), \quad \qquad \text {in } \mathbb {R}^N\times (-\infty , T), \end{equation*}

are constant if they satisfy a condition of finite speed of propagation and if they are both one-sided bounded, and bounded in

R

N

\mathbb {R}^N

at a single time level. A similar statement is valid when the bound is given at a single space point. As a general paradigm, local Hölder estimates provide the basics for rigidity. Finally, we show that recent intrinsic Harnack estimates can be improved to a Harnack inequality valid for non-intrinsic times. Locally, they are equivalent.
Impact of MidMed, a general practitioner-led modified comprehensive geriatric assessment for patients with frailty
Authors: Jones Helen E , Anand Atul , Morrison Iain , Hurding Simon , Wild Sarah H , Mercer Stewart W , Shenkin Susan D 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionthe identification and management of frailty occurs mostly in primary care. Several different models of care exist. This study aimed to assess the impact of a new General Practitioner (GP)-led modified Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) on service delivery, healthcare utilisation and patient outcomes.Methodpatients with moderate–severe frailty (electronic Frailty Index score &gt; 0.24) in Newbattle Medical Practice, Scotland, were eligible for a novel intervention (MidMed) in which an additional GP performed a modified CGA and was directly accessible for appointments. The recruits to the intervention (MidMed) group were compared with those waiting to be enrolled (non-MidMed). Outcomes included unscheduled hospital admissions, primary care consultations, continuity of care (Usual Provider of Care (UPC) index), outpatient attendances and mortality. Adjusted rate ratios (aRR), for MidMed compared to non-MidMed, were estimated using regression models adjusting for demographics and healthcare utilisation histories.Results510 patients were included: 290 MidMed (mean(SD) age 80.1(7.6)years; 59.6% female) and 220 non-MidMed (75.4(8.6)years; 57.7% female). Median follow-up was 396 days. aRR(95%CI) was 0.46(0.30–0.71) for &gt;1 admission, 0.62(0.41–0.95) &gt;1 Emergency Department (ED) attendance and 1.52(1.30–1.75) for use of primary care, with no difference in outpatient appointments or mortality. Continuity of care was better for the MidMed group (MidMed UPC 0.77(SD 0.19), non-MidMed 0.41(0.18), P &lt; 0.001).Conclusionthis GP-led service for frail patients was associated with lower risk of hospital readmission/ED reattendance, greater use of primary care and improved continuity of care. More detailed evaluation of novel primary care frailty services, over longer time-periods, including robust randomised controlled trials, are needed.
Resistant xylem from roots to peduncles sustains reproductive water supply after drought-induced cavitation of wheat leaves
Authors: Harrison Day Beatrice L , Brodribb Timothy J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Many annual grasses exhibit drought-avoiding life cycles in which rapid reproduction must be completed before soil water is exhausted. This strategy would seem to require a hydraulic system capable of sustaining reproduction at all costs to the rest of the plant, yet little is known about the whole-plant structure of hydraulic vulnerability in grasses.

Methods
We examine vulnerability to water-stress-induced xylem cavitation in roots, flag leaves, and basal and apical regions of peduncles of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ‘Krichauff’) to understand the staged failure of xylem function in severe drought. The functionality of segmented vulnerabilities is tested by conducting rehydration experiments after acute dehydration.

Key Results
We show that water supply to peduncles is more drought resistant than in leaves due to greater xylem cavitation resistance, ensuring a pathway of water can be maintained from the roots to the reproductive tissues even after severe water deficit. Differential rehydration of peduncles compared to leaves following drought confirmed the functionality of xylem supply from roots to seed after water stress sufficient to completely cavitate flag leaf vessels.

Conclusions
These results demonstrate that a proportion of the hydraulic pathway between roots and seeds remains functional under extreme dehydration, suggesting that vulnerability traits in this key grass species reflect its reproductive strategy.
Machine learning classifier approaches for predicting response to RTK-type-III inhibitors demonstrate high accuracy using transcriptomic signatures and ex vivo data
Authors: Ferrato Mauricio H , Marsh Adam G , Franke Karl R , Huang Benjamin J , Kolb E Anders , DeRyckere Deborah , Grahm Douglas K , Chandrasekaran Sunita , Crowgey Erin L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Motivation
The application of machine learning (ML) techniques in the medical field has demonstrated both successes and challenges in the precision medicine era. The ability to accurately classify a subject as a potential responder versus a nonresponder to a given therapy is still an active area of research pushing the field to create new approaches for applying machine-learning techniques. In this study, we leveraged publicly available data through the BeatAML initiative. Specifically, we used gene count data, generated via RNA-seq, from 451 individuals matched with ex vivo data generated from treatment with RTK-type-III inhibitors. Three feature selection techniques were tested, principal component analysis, Shapley Additive Explanation (SHAP) technique and differential gene expression analysis, with three different classifiers, XGBoost, LightGBM and random forest (RF). Sensitivity versus specificity was analyzed using the area under the curve (AUC)-receiver operating curves (ROCs) for every model developed.

Results
Our work demonstrated that feature selection technique, rather than the classifier, had the greatest impact on model performance. The SHAP technique outperformed the other feature selection techniques and was able to with high accuracy predict outcome response, with the highest performing model: Foretinib with 89% AUC using the SHAP technique and RF classifier. Our ML pipelines demonstrate that at the time of diagnosis, a transcriptomics signature exists that can potentially predict response to treatment, demonstrating the potential of using ML applications in precision medicine efforts.

Availability and implementation
https://github.com/UD-CRPL/RCDML.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Federated learning framework integrating REFINED CNN and Deep Regression Forests
Authors: Nolte Daniel , Bazgir Omid , Ghosh Souparno , Pal Ranadip 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSummaryPredictive learning from medical data incurs additional challenge due to concerns over privacy and security of personal data. Federated learning, intentionally structured to preserve high level of privacy, is emerging to be an attractive way to generate cross-silo predictions in medical scenarios. However, the impact of severe population-level heterogeneity on federated learners is not well explored. In this article, we propose a methodology to detect presence of population heterogeneity in federated settings and propose a solution to handle such heterogeneity by developing a federated version of Deep Regression Forests. Additionally, we demonstrate that the recently conceptualized REpresentation of Features as Images with NEighborhood Dependencies CNN framework can be combined with the proposed Federated Deep Regression Forests to provide improved performance as compared to existing approaches.Availability and implementationThe Python source code for reproducing the main results are available on GitHub: https://github.com/DanielNolte/FederatedDeepRegressionForests.Contactranadip.pal@ttu.eduSupplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
OutSingle: a novel method of detecting and injecting outliers in RNA-Seq count data using the optimal hard threshold for singular values
Authors: Salkovic Edin , Sadeghi Mohammad Amin , Baggag Abdelkader , Salem Ahmed Gamal Rashed , Bensmail Halima 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMotivationFinding outliers in RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) gene expression (GE) can help in identifying genes that are aberrant and cause Mendelian disorders. Recently developed models for this task rely on modeling RNA-Seq GE data using the negative binomial distribution (NBD). However, some of those models either rely on procedures for inferring NBD’s parameters in a nonbiased way that are computationally demanding and thus make confounder control challenging, while others rely on less computationally demanding but biased procedures and convoluted confounder control approaches that hinder interpretability.ResultsIn this article, we present OutSingle (Outlier detection using Singular Value Decomposition), an almost instantaneous way of detecting outliers in RNA-Seq GE data. It uses a simple log-normal approach for count modeling. For confounder control, it uses the recently discovered optimal hard threshold (OHT) method for noise detection, which itself is based on singular value decomposition (SVD). Due to its SVD/OHT utilization, OutSingle’s model is straightforward to understand and interpret. We then show that our novel method, when used on RNA-Seq GE data with real biological outliers masked by confounders, outcompetes the previous state-of-the-art model based on an ad hoc denoising autoencoder. Additionally, OutSingle can be used to inject artificial outliers masked by confounders, which is difficult to achieve with previous approaches. We describe a way of using OutSingle for outlier injection and proceed to show how OutSingle outperforms its competition on 16 out of 18 datasets that were generated from three real datasets using OutSingle’s injection procedure with different outlier types and magnitudes. Our methods are applicable to other types of similar problems involving finding outliers in matrices under the presence of confounders.Availability and implementationThe code for OutSingle is available at https://github.com/esalkovic/outsingle.
Rapid efficacy of anifrolumab across multiple subtypes of recalcitrant cutaneous lupus erythematosus parallels changes in discrete subsets of blood transcriptomic and cellular biomarkers
Authors: Carter Lucy M , Wigston Zoe , Laws Philip , Vital Edward M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Observations with rituximab suggest B-cell independent mechanisms of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), especially discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). Type-I interferon receptor blockade with anifrolumab shows efficacy in SLE, but efficacy for cutaneous disease of specific morphologies has not been studied. Interferon has pleotropic immune effects and it is unknown which of these are critical to therapeutic response.

Objectives
We evaluated clinical efficacy and quality-of-life impact of type-I interferon-blockade in: (i) rituximab-refractory CLE; (ii) DLE and other morphologies and (iii) transcriptomic and flow cytometric biomarkers.

Methods
We conducted a prospective single-centre study of anifrolumab in refractory mucocutaneous SLE. CLE Disease Area and Severity Index (CLASI) activity score, health-related quality of life, 96-probe TaqMan® gene expression analysis capturing key SLE blood transcriptome signatures, and eight-colour flow cytometry were undertaken at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months.

Results
Seven patients [DLE (n = 5), chilblain lupus erythematosus (n = 1), subacute CLE (n = 1)] were evaluated. The median number of prior therapies was six (range 3–15), including rituximab in six of seven patients. Median CLASI-A showed rapid and sustained improvement from 17 at baseline to 6 (P = 0.016) at 1 month and 0 (P &lt; 0.001) by 3 months. The median percentage reduction in CLASI-A at 3 months was 60%. Significant improvements were observed in Dermatology Life Quality Index scores (P &lt; 0.001), EuroQol 5D visual analogue scale (P = 0.002) and LupusQoL fatigue, image and planning domains (P ≤ 0.05). One patient discontinued treatment owing to severe herpes zoster. Clinical responses paralleled discrete suppression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) from SLE blood transcriptome module M1.2 with more varied downregulation in other interferon modules. Myeloid and inflammation-annotated genes remained upregulated throughout treatment. Intermediate monocytes (CD14++CD16+) reduced to normal levels during therapy (P = 0.014), while other flow subsets showed no substantive changes.

Conclusions
These data indicate rapid efficacy of anifrolumab in DLE and rituximab-resistant CLE. Response is associated with suppression of a subset of ISGs and decline in intermediate monocytes. Suppression of all ISGs or the wider SLE blood transcriptome is not required for response.