bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syntomic complexes and p-adic étale Tate twists
Authors: Bhatt Bhargav , Mathew Akhil 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The primary goal of this paper is to identify syntomic complexes with the p-adic étale Tate twists of Geisser–Sato–Schneider on regular p-torsion-free schemes. Our methods apply naturally to a broader class of schemes that we call ‘F-smooth’. The F-smoothness of regular schemes leads to new results on the absolute prismatic cohomology of regular schemes.
Cerebral blood flow changes and their genetic mechanisms in major depressive disorder: a combined neuroimaging and transcriptome study
Authors: Sun Xuetian , Huang Weisheng , Wang Jie , Xu Ruoxuan , Zhang Xiaohan , Zhou Jianhui , Zhu Jiajia , Qian Yinfeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundExtensive research has shown abnormal cerebral blood flow (CBF) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) that is a heritable disease. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic mechanisms of CBF abnormalities in MDD.MethodsTo achieve a more thorough characterization of CBF changes in MDD, we performed a comprehensive neuroimaging meta-analysis of previous literature as well as examined group CBF differences in an independent sample of 133 MDD patients and 133 controls. In combination with the Allen Human Brain Atlas, transcriptome-neuroimaging spatial association analyses were conducted to identify genes whose expression correlated with CBF changes in MDD, followed by a set of gene functional feature analyses.ResultsWe found increased CBF in the reward circuitry and default-mode network and decreased CBF in the visual system in MDD patients. Moreover, these CBF changes were spatially associated with expression of 1532 genes, which were enriched for important molecular functions, biological processes, and cellular components of the cerebral cortex as well as several common mental disorders. Concurrently, these genes were specifically expressed in the brain tissue, in immune cells and neurons, and during nearly all developmental stages. Regarding behavioral relevance, these genes were associated with domains involving emotion and sensation. In addition, these genes could construct a protein-protein interaction network supported by 60 putative hub genes with functional significance.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a cerebral perfusion redistribution in MDD, which may be a consequence of complex interactions of a wide range of genes with diverse functional features.
Alternative metrics for characterizing longer-term clinical outcomes in difficult-to-treat depression: I. Association with change in quality of life
Authors: Sackeim Harold A. , Rush A. John , Greco Teresa , Jiang Mei , Badejo Sarah , Bunker Mark T. , Aaronson Scott T. , Conway Charles R. , Demyttenaere Koen , Young Allan H. , McAllister-Williams R. Hamish 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn difficult-to-treat depression (DTD) the outcome metrics historically used to evaluate treatment effectiveness may be suboptimal. Metrics based on remission status and on single end-point (SEP) assessment may be problematic given infrequent symptom remission, temporal instability, and poor durability of benefit in DTD.MethodsSelf-report and clinician assessment of depression symptom severity were regularly obtained over a 2-year period in a chronic and highly treatment-resistant registry sample (N = 406) receiving treatment as usual, with or without vagus nerve stimulation. Twenty alternative metrics for characterizing symptomatic improvement were evaluated, contrasting SEP metrics with integrative (INT) metrics that aggregated information over time. Metrics were compared in effect size and discriminating power when contrasting groups that did (N = 153) and did not (N = 253) achieve a threshold level of improvement in end-point quality-of-life (QoL) scores, and in their association with continuous QoL scores.ResultsMetrics based on remission status had smaller effect size and poorer discrimination of the binary QoL outcome and weaker associations with the continuous end-point QoL scores than metrics based on partial response or response. The metrics with the strongest performance characteristics were the SEP measure of percentage change in symptom severity and the INT metric quantifying the proportion of the observation period in partial response or better. Both metrics contributed independent variance when predicting end-point QoL scores.ConclusionsRevision is needed in the metrics used to quantify symptomatic change in DTD with consideration of INT time-based measures as primary or secondary outcomes. Metrics based on remission status may not be useful.
Solving two-dimensional H(curl)-elliptic interface systems with optimal convergence on unfitted meshes
Authors: Guo Ruchi , Lin Yanping , Zou Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFinite element methods developed for unfitted meshes have been widely applied to various interface problems. However, many of them resort to non-conforming spaces for approximation, which is a critical obstacle for the extension to
$\textbf{H}(\text{curl})$
equations. This essential issue stems from the underlying Sobolev space
$\textbf{H}^s(\text{curl};\,\Omega)$
, and even the widely used penalty methodology may not yield the optimal convergence rate. One promising approach to circumvent this issue is to use a conforming test function space, which motivates us to develop a Petrov–Galerkin immersed finite element (PG-IFE) method for
$\textbf{H}(\text{curl})$
-elliptic interface problems. We establish the Nédélec-type IFE spaces and develop some important properties including their edge degrees of freedom, an exact sequence relating to the
$H^1$
IFE space and optimal approximation capabilities. We analyse the inf-sup condition under certain assumptions and show the optimal convergence rate, which is also validated by numerical experiments.
A rare complication after an interventional procedure using the common carotid: carotid pseudoaneurysm in an infant
Authors: Kızılkaya Mete Han , Biçer Mehmet , Ödemiş Ender , Gündoğmuş Cemal Aydın 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe carotid artery is a valuable vascular access that can be used in patients who have undergone repetitive interventional and surgical procedures and premature babies. In the past, cut-down was used but nowadays, mostly the procedure is performed under ultrasonographic guidance. Complications such as bleeding, haematoma, and pseudoaneurysm may occur when the carotid artery is used as a vascular access for the procedures such as aortic balloon valvuloplasty, coarctation balloon angioplasty, or after interventional or surgical treatments to the carotid artery. Although pseudoaneurysm is very rare, prompt diagnosis and accurate treatment planning are life-saving. In this article, the diagnosis and treatment of pseudoaneurysm in the left common carotid after transcatheter coarctation balloon angioplasty in a 6-month-old infant will be presented.
Screening House: film and material representations of the Cold War’s anxieties
Authors: Aedo Sebastián 
Published: January 2023

In 1955 Charles and Ray Eames gathered more than three hundred photographs of their Case Study House #8 in the Pacific Palisades to produce the experimental film House: After Five Years of Living. The film is a visual exploration in which craft and found objects contrast with the mass-produced industrial structure of their house, but also a constant tension between the frantic acceleration of its images and moments of slow pace.Proceeding from a close reading of House: After Five Years of Living, this article analyses its film and editing technique to proposes how domesticity becomes a screen. This means, an ideological surface promoting the cultural, social, and economic changes of the Cold War period, while simultaneously screening out (obscuring) its anxieties, preoccupations, and fears in its mode of visual representation. In the film, the Case study House #8 exposes and covers, promotes and disguises, veiling some preoccupations and motivations while exhibiting an alternative reality.
Tailoring the truth – evidence on parliamentarians’ responsiveness and misinformation toleration from a field experiment
Authors: Diermeier Matthias 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPopulist radical right parties (PRRPs) claim to be particularly responsive to people’s needs and have been identified as a major source of disinformation. The present contribution sets up a field experiment to zoom in on one-to-one communication between voters and their parliamentarians. By drawing on pieces of misinformation that are present among different parties’ supporters, artificial citizen’s requests are sent to all 2503 German federal parliamentarians. In fact, PRRP politicians do not turn out to be more responsive and they are by far more reluctant to reject misinformation. In contrast, parliamentarians of all other parties largely object to misinformation, even if it matches their political positions and is shared by their electorates. In opposition to PRRP politicians who reveal signs of vote-seeking behaviour, established parties’ communication behaviour indicates a high degree of intrinsic motivation.
Exoskeletons: A challenge for development
Authors: Bengler Klaus , Harbauer Christina M. , Fleischer Martin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The development of exoskeletons is currently a lengthy process full of challenges. We are proposing a framework to accelerate the process and make the resulting exoskeletons more user-centered. The needed accomplishments in science are described in an effort to lay the foundation for future research projects. Since the early 2000s, exoskeletons have been discussed as an emerging technology in industrial, medical, or military applications. Those systems are designed to support people during manual tasks. At first, those systems lacked broad acceptance. Many models found their niches in ongoing developments and more diverse systems entering the market. There are still applications that are in dire need of such assistance. Due to the lack of experience with body-worn robotics, the development of such systems has been shaped by trial and error. The lack of legacy products results in longer development times. In this paper, a process to generate a framework is presented to display the required research to enable future exoskeleton designers. Owing to their proximity to the user’s body, exoskeletons are highly complex systems that need sophisticated subsystems, such as kinematic, control, interaction design, or actuators, to be accepted by users. Due to the wide variety of fields and high user demands, a synchronized multidisciplinary effort is necessary. To achieve this, a process to develop a modular framework for exoskeleton design is proposed. It focuses on user- and use-case-centered solutions for matching kinematics, actuation, and control. To ensure the usefulness of the framework, an evaluation of the incorporated solutions is required.
What Is the Benefit of Adding Placebo Side-Effect Information to	Positively Framed Patient Leaflets?
Authors: Saadi Amina , Mahmood Asra , Sweeney Jack , Webster Rebecca K. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract: Background: Positively framing side-effect risk in patient information leaflets (PILs) can reduce side-effect expectations and resulting nocebo effects (nonspecific medication side effects unrelated to the drug’s pharmacological action). There is scope to educate patients about nocebo effects in PILs to minimize their occurrence further. Aims: To investigate if incorporating information on placebo-reported side effects reduces side-effect expectations compared to a positively framed-only or standard PIL. Methods: Participants ( N = 443) completed an online study and were randomized to read one of three PILs for a hypothetical antibiotic: standard PIL ( n = 140), positively framed PIL ( n = 151), or positively framed PIL with placebo side-effect information ( n = 152). Participants’ side-effect expectations, absolute risk perceptions, and intended adherence were recorded. Results: The standard PIL resulted in significantly higher side-effect expectations compared to the positively framed + placebo side-effect information PIL. Including the placebo side-effect results had no effect on side-effect expectations compared to the positive framing only PIL, however, there was a significant interaction between health literacy and PIL condition on side-effect expectations. Both positively framed PILs produced more accurate risk estimates for the more common side effects. There was no difference in intended adherence between the three PILs. Limitations: Our findings are limited by the highly educated sample and hypothetical context. Conclusions: There was no benefit of adding placebo side-effect information, however alternative ways of explaining nocebo effects in PILs should be explored utilizing clinical contexts and samples with a wider range of participant ages, and health literacy.
Atmospheric River Contributions to Ice Sheet Hydroclimate at the Last Glacial Maximum
Authors: Skinner Christopher B. , Lora Juan M. , Tabor Clay , Zhu Jiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAtmospheric rivers (ARs) are an important driver of surface mass balance over today's Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. Using paleoclimate simulations with the Community Earth System Model, we find ARs also had a key influence on the extensive ice sheets of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). ARs provide up to 53% of total precipitation along the margins of the eastern Laurentide ice sheet and up to 22%–27% of precipitation along the margins of the Patagonian, western Cordilleran, and western Fennoscandian ice sheets. Despite overall cold conditions at the LGM, surface temperatures during AR events are often above freezing, resulting in more rain than snow along ice sheet margins and conditions that promote surface melt. The results suggest ARs may have had an important role in ice sheet growth and melt during previous glacial periods and may have accelerated ice sheet retreat following the LGM.
Role of Land–Atmosphere Interaction in the 2016 Northeast Asia Heat Wave: Impact of Soil Moisture Initialization
Authors: Yoon Donghyuck , Kang Taehun , Cha Dong‐Hyun , Song Chang‐Keun , Lee Myong‐In , Min Ki‐Hong , Kim Joowan , Chun Jong Ahn , Seo Eunkyo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe impact of soil moisture initialization on the 2016 Northeast Asian heat wave was explored using the Land Information System (LIS) Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. To obtain advanced soil moisture estimates, various meteorological variables from the Global Data Assimilation System analysis and Integrated Multi‐Satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement observation data were used as atmospheric forcings for the offline simulation of the Noah land surface model (Noah‐LSM). Based on the LIS, Soil Moisture Active Passive satellite were assimilated in the Noah LSM simulation. The assimilated soil moisture estimates revealed the drier land surface conditions over Northeast Asia compared with the product from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Final Analysis (FNL) and were used as the initial condition of the WRF model. The WRF experiment initialized by the assimilated soil moisture product (LIS experiment) exhibited the observed surface air temperature (SAT) and 500 hPa geopotential height (500 GPH) over Northeast Asia compared with the result from the experiment initialized by the FNL (CTL experiment). At Week 1, the LIS experiment simulated warmer SAT than that from the CTL experiment, which was induced by the negative anomaly of latent heat flux over Mongolia. Then, 500 GPH became strong and spatially expanded in response to the thermal low induced by the warmer SAT, and the SAT was further increased during Weeks 2 and 3.
The prevalence and outcomes of frail older adults in clinical trials in multiple myeloma: A systematic review
Authors: Mian Hira , McCurdy Arleigh , Giri Smith , Grant Shakira , Rochwerg Bram , Winks Erica , Rosko Ashley E. , Engelhardt Monika , Pawlyn Charlotte , Cook Gordon , Jackson Graham , Bringhen Sara , Facon Thierry , Larocca Alessandra , Zweegman Sonja , Wildes Tanya M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable blood cancer that primarily affects older adults. Several frailty tools have been developed to address the heterogeneity of aging in this population. Uptake of these measures has been variable, leading to a gap in knowledge regarding the proportion of enrolled trial participants considered frail and uncertainty in the treatment-related effects and outcomes among this high-risk population. We performed a systematic review of therapeutic interventional MM clinical trials reporting on frailty. We included 43 clinical trials (24 randomized controlled trials and 19 non-randomized trials) which met eligibility criteria. Frailty was increasingly incorporated in studies in more recent years with 41.9% of included studies being reported in the last two years. Commonly used frailty tools included the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) frailty index (41.8%), and the simplified frailty score (39.5%). Frailty status was categorized with 3 levels as (frail, intermediate fit, or fit) in 51.2% of the studies and dichotomized (frail, non-frail) in 18.6% of studies. Frailty prevalence greatly varied across trials ranging from 17.2% to 73.6% of the cohort. Of the included studies, 72.0% conducted subgroup analysis (planned or post-hoc) based on frailty status. Most studies demonstrated a consistent benefit of MM interventions among the frail and non-frail populations, however in general, frail patients had worse outcomes compared to the fit. Although frailty is increasingly being incorporated in MM clinical trials, due to the variation in both the definition and categorization of frailty, there remains heterogeneity in the prevalence of frailty and its potential associated impact on outcomes.
An entosis-like process induces mitotic disruption in Pals1 microcephaly pathogenesis
Authors: Sterling Noelle A. , Park Jun Young , Park Raehee , Cho Seo-Hee , Kim Seonhee 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEntosis is cell cannibalism utilized by tumor cells to engulf live neighboring cells for pro- or anti-tumorigenic purposes. It is unknown whether this extraordinary cellular event can be pathogenic in other diseases such as microcephaly, a condition characterized by a smaller than normal brain at birth. We find that mice mutant for the human microcephaly-causing genePals1, which exhibit diminished cortices due to massive cell death, also exhibit nuclei enveloped by plasma membranes inside of dividing cells. These cell-in-cell (CIC) structures represent a dynamic process accompanied by lengthened mitosis and cytokinesis abnormalities. As shown in tumor cells, ROCK inhibition completely abrogates CIC structures and restores the normal length of mitosis. Moreover, genetic elimination ofTrp53produces a remarkable rescue of cortical size along with substantial reductions of CIC structures and cell death. These results provide a novel pathogenic mechanism by which microcephaly is produced through entotic cell cannibalism.
Germline TP53 mutations undergo copy number gain years prior to tumor diagnosis
Authors: Light Nicholas , Layeghifard Mehdi , Attery Ayush , Subasri Vallijah , Zatzman Matthew , Anderson Nathaniel D. , Hatkar Rupal , Blay Sasha , Chen David , Novokmet Ana , Fuligni Fabio , Tran James , de Borja Richard , Agarwal Himanshi , Waldman Larissa , Abegglen Lisa M. , Albertson Daniel , Finlay Jonathan L. , Hansford Jordan R. , Behjati Sam , Villani Anita , Gerstung Moritz , Alexandrov Ludmil B. , Somers Gino R. , Schiffman Joshua D. , Rotter Varda , Malkin David , Shlien Adam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLi-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome associated with germline TP53 pathogenic variants. Here, we perform whole-genome sequence (WGS) analysis of tumors from 22 patients with TP53 germline pathogenic variants. We observe somatic mutations affecting Wnt, PI3K/AKT signaling, epigenetic modifiers and homologous recombination genes as well as mutational signatures associated with prior chemotherapy. We identify near-ubiquitous early loss of heterozygosity of TP53, with gain of the mutant allele. This occurs earlier in these tumors compared to tumors with somatic TP53 mutations, suggesting the timing of this mark may distinguish germline from somatic TP53 mutations. Phylogenetic trees of tumor evolution, reconstructed from bulk and multi-region WGS, reveal that LFS tumors exhibit comparatively limited heterogeneity. Overall, our study delineates early copy number gains of mutant TP53 as a characteristic mutational process in LFS tumorigenesis, likely arising years prior to tumor diagnosis.
Pharmacotypes across the genomic landscape of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia and impact on treatment response
Authors: Lee Shawn H. R. , Yang Wenjian , Gocho Yoshihiro , John August , Rowland Lauren , Smart Brandon , Williams Hannah , Maxwell Dylan , Hunt Jeremy , Yang Wentao , Crews Kristine R. , Roberts Kathryn G. , Jeha Sima , Cheng Cheng , Karol Seth E. , Relling Mary V. , Rosner Gary L. , Inaba Hiroto , Mullighan Charles G. , Pui Ching-Hon , Evans William E. , Yang Jun J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractContemporary chemotherapy for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is risk-adapted based on clinical features, leukemia genomics and minimal residual disease (MRD); however, the pharmacological basis of these prognostic variables remains unclear. Analyzing samples from 805 children with newly diagnosed ALL from three consecutive clinical trials, we determined the ex vivo sensitivity of primary leukemia cells to 18 therapeutic agents across 23 molecular subtypes defined by leukemia genomics. There was wide variability in drug response, with favorable ALL subtypes exhibiting the greatest sensitivity to L-asparaginase and glucocorticoids. Leukemia sensitivity to these two agents was highly associated with MRD although with distinct patterns and only in B cell ALL. We identified six patient clusters based on ALL pharmacotypes, which were associated with event-free survival, even after adjusting for MRD. Pharmacotyping identified a T cell ALL subset with a poor prognosis that was sensitive to targeted agents, pointing to alternative therapeutic strategies. Our study comprehensively described the pharmacological heterogeneity of ALL, highlighting opportunities for further individualizing therapy for this most common childhood cancer.
Single-nucleus profiling of adult mice sub-ventricular zone after blast-related traumatic brain injury
Authors: Li Manrui , Chen Xiameng , Yang Qiuyun , Cao Shuqiang , Wyler Steven , Yuan Ruixuan , Zhang Lingxuan , Liao Miao , Lv Meili , Wang Feng , Guo Yadong , Zhou Jihong , Zhang Lin , Xie Xiaoqi , Liang Weibo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExplosive blast-related traumatic brain injuries (bTBI) are common in war zones and urban terrorist attacks. These bTBIs often result in complex neuropathologic damage and neurologic complications. However, there is still a lack of specific strategies for diagnosing and/or treating bTBIs. The sub-ventricular zone (SVZ), which undergoes adult neurogenesis, is critical for the neurological maintenance and repair after brain injury. However, the cellular responses and mechanisms that trigger and modulate these activities in the pathophysiological processes following bTBI remain poorly understood. Here we employ single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) of the SVZ from mice subjected to a bTBI. This data-set, including 15272 cells (7778 bTBI and 7494 control) representing all SVZ cell types and is ideally suited for exploring the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of bTBIs. Additionally, it can serve as a reference for future studies regarding the diagnosis and treatment of bTBIs.