bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross species/genera transferability of simple sequence repeat markers, genetic diversity and population structure analysis in gladiolus (Gladiolus × grandiflorus L.) genotypes
Authors: Hiremath Varun , Singh Kanwar Pal , Jain Neelu , Swaroop Kishan , Jain Pradeep Kumar , Panwar Sapna , Sinha Nivedita 
Published: September 2023

Background
Genetic analysis of gladiolus germplasm using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers is largely missing due to scarce genomic information. Hence, microsatellites identified for related genera or species may be utilized to understand the genetic diversity and assess genetic relationships among cultivated gladiolus varieties.

Methods
In the present investigation, we screened 26 genomic SSRs (Gladiolus palustris, Crocus sativus, Herbertia zebrina, Sysirinchium micranthum), 14 chloroplast SSRs (Gladiolus spp., chloroplast DNA regions) and 25 Iris Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) derived SSRs across the 84 gladiolus (Gladiolus × grandiflorus L.) genotypes. Polymorphic markers detected from amplified SSRs were used to calculate genetic diversity estimates, analyze population structure, cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA).

Results
A total of 41 SSRs showed reproducible amplification pattern among the selected gladiolus cultivars. Among these, 17 highly polymorphic SSRs revealed a total of 58 polymorphic alleles ranging from two to six with an average of 3.41 alleles per marker. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.11 to 0.71 with an average value of 0.48. A total of 4 SSRs were selectively neutral based on the Ewens–Watterson test. Hence, 66.66% of Gladiolus palustris, 48% of Iris spp. EST, 71.42% of Crocus sativus SSRs showed cross-transferability among the gladiolus genotypes. Analysis of genetic structure of 84 gladiolus genotypes revealed two subpopulations; 35 genotypes were assigned to subpopulation 1, 37 to subpopulation 2 and the remaining 12 genotypes could not be attributed to either subpopulation. Analysis of molecular variance indicated maximum variance (53.59%) among individuals within subpopulations, whereas 36.55% of variation among individuals within the total population. The least variation (9.86%) was noticed between two subpopulations. Moderate (FST = 0.10) genetic differentiation between two subpopulations was observed. The grouping pattern of population structure was consistent with the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram based on simple matching dissimilarity coefficient and PCoA.

Conclusion
SSR markers from the present study can be utilized for cultivar identification, conservation and sustainable utilization of gladiolus genotypes for crop improvement. Genetic relationships assessed among the genotypes of respective clusters may assist the breeders in selecting desirable parents for crossing.
Loss of photoluminescence in wet-preserved rat and bandicoot specimens
Authors: Reinhold Linda M. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Museum specimens have been used as a convenient alternative to live or fresh animals in an increasing number of studies on fur photoluminescence. Although effects of chemical preservation on specimens have been noted, they have not been experimentally tested. I used a series of experiments to answer whether fixation and wet preservation, or tanning, alters the expression of fur photoluminescence in museum specimens. The photoluminescence of northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus, fur survived initial fixation, but the photoluminescence of both bandicoot and laboratory rat, Rattus norvegicus, fur was severely compromised by longer-term preservation in ethanol. Both chemical and alum tanning eliminated the blue-white photoluminescence of rat fur, but not the pink photoluminescence of bandicoot fur. The results of these small-scale tests indicate that museum-based studies using wet-preserved specimens are likely to be an underestimate of natural photoluminescence in live animals.
Textural, Cooking Quality and Sensory Acceptability of Noodles Incorporated with Moringa Leaf and Sardine Powders
Authors: Mpalanzi Victoria Thobias , Chaula Davis Naboth , Wenaty Alex 
Published: September 2023

Noodles with varying percentages of wheat flour, moringa leaf and Sardine powders were developed and tested for texture, cooking quality, and sensory qualities. Various formulations were used to make the noodle samples. Noodles with moringa leaf powder were developed using in the following wheat and Moringa proportions in percentage: 99.6:0.4 (WM1), 99.2:0.8 (WM2) and 99:1 (WM3). Noodle samples containing sardine powder were created in the following ratios: 95:5 (WS1), 90:10 (WS2), 85:15 (WS3), and 100:0 wheat flour.
Textural qualities of the noodle samples were measured, including hardness, cohesiveness, springiness and adhesiveness. The inclusion of moringa leaf powder and sardine powder resulted in a considerable reduction in hardness and cohesiveness when compared to the wheat control. The noodles became softer and less cohesive as the concentration of moringa leaf powder or sardine powder increased.
The noodle samples' cooking loss, volume increase and water absorption were also measured. Higher concentrations of moringa leaf powder or sardine powder resulted in greater cooking loss as well as lower volume and water absorption. This implies that the inclusion of these powders altered the texture and water-holding capacity of the noodles.
Additionally, sensory evaluations were performed to determine the acceptability of the developed noodles in terms of color, aroma, texture, taste and overall acceptability. The results revealed that when the concentration of moringa leaf powder or sardine powder increased the sensory properties of the noodles samples were altered. Lower concentrations of these powders were related with greater acceptance scores in general.
Specific characteristics of the noodles-, such as color, aroma, saltiness and hardness were evaluated using quantitative descriptive analysis. The results showed that adding moringa leaf powder and sardine powders altered these properties with larger concentrations causing more noticeable changes.
Unveiling the Impact of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Health and Microbial Dynamics in Mustard Cultivation
Authors: Venkatesh Ili , Anantha Krishna Chaitanya , Raju B. , Revathi P. 
Published: September 2023

During the Rabi season of 2020-21, an investigation was carried out at College Farm, Agricultural College, Polasa, Jagtial, under the supervision of Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University. The primary aim of the research was to assess the influence of integrated nutrient management on the organic carbon content, enzyme activity and microbial population in the mustard (Brassica juncea L.) crop. The experiment was conducted in soil with a sandy clay loam texture and followed a randomized block design, consisting of nine distinct treatments, each of which was replicated three times. These treatments includes: T1: 100% Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (RDF), T2: 100% RDF + FYM, T3: 100% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer consortium, T4: 75% RDF, T5: 75% RDF + FYM, T6: 75% RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer consortium, T7: Soil Test Based NPK, T8: 75% STB NPK + FYM and T9: 75% STB NPK + FYM + Biofertilizer consortium. The results revealed that the organic carbon, dehydrogenase activity and microbial population of soil were significantly enhanced by the application of combined use of organic, inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers. All the parameters were recorded higher with the integrated application of 75% STB NPK+ FYM + Biofertilizer consortium which was on par with 100 % RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer consortium, 75 % RDF + FYM + Biofertilizer consortium, 75 % STB NPK + FYM, 100 % RDF + FYM, 75 % RDF + FYM. The population of bacteria and fungi, organic carbon content and dehydrogenase were recorded lower in the treatments receiving sole application of inorganic fertilizers.
Health Risk Assessment in the Workplace
Authors: Laszcz‐Davis Chris , Boelter Fred W. , Jayjock Michael , Hearl Frank , Logan Perry , McLaughlin Cristina Ford , O'Reilly Mary V. , Radcliffe R. Thomas , Stenzel Mark 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The practice of assessing risks of exposures to human health which supports worker health, financial, business, feasibility, communication, and liability decision‐making is a relatively recent development. Exposures may pertain to chemical, physical, biological, and biomechanical hazards. Decisions may include protection of human health, regulatory business, liability, feasibility, and communications. Until the twentieth century, diseases had been observed to be associated with specific occupations, living conditions, and chemicals. However, these observations were predominantly qualitative. In addition, the focus on public health was predominantly associated with concerns about infectious disease until about the mid‐twentieth century.
The quantification of risks took hold in the 1970s for the following reasons – shift from a high incidence of infectious disease to concerns about chronic disease; a new awareness of the risks resulting from exposures to chemicals; and scientific and technological advances such as chemical analysis, toxicity testing, epidemiology, and computers.
This chapter recounts the history and evolution of human health risk assessment, tracing the development of tools and models that made it possible, as well as the factors in society that made it indispensable. It defines the practice of risk assessment today, taking the reader through hazard and exposure analysis, risk characterization, the management of risk, and the public's reaction to risk.
Biomimetic Connection of Transcutaneous Implants with Skin
Authors: Weigel Tobias , Christ Bastian , Dembski Sofia , Ewald Andrea , Groneberg Dieter , Hansmann Jan , Luxenhofer Robert , Metzger Marco , Walles Heike , Willy Christian , Groeber‐Becker Florian , Probst Jörn 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBacterial infection is a crucial complication in implant restoration, in particular in permanent skin‐penetrating implants. Therein, the resulting gap between transcutaneous implant and skin represents a permanent infection risk, limiting the field of application and the duration of application. To overcome this limitation, a tight physiological connection is required to achieve a biological and mechanical welding for a long‐term stable closure including self‐healing probabilities. This study describes a new approach, wherein the implant is connected covalently to a highly porous electrospun fleece featuring physiological dermal integration potential. The integrative potential of the scaffold is shown in vitro and confirmed in vivo, further demonstrating tissue integration by neovascularization, extracellular matrix formation, and prevention of encapsulation. To achieve a covalent connection between fleece and implant surface, self‐initiated photografting and photopolymerization of hydroxyethylmethacrylate is combined with a new crosslinker (methacrylic acid coordinated titanium‐oxo clusters) on proton‐abstractable implant surfaces. For implant modification, the attached fleece is directed perpendicular from the implant surface into the surrounding dermal tissue. First in vitro skin implantations demonstrate the implants' dermal integration capability as well as wound closure potential on top of the fleece by epithelialization, establishing a bacteria‐proof and self‐healing connection of skin and transcutaneous implant.
Programming an Enhanced Uptake and the Intracellular Fate of Magnetic Microbeads
Authors: Tiryaki Ecem , Ortolano Saida , Bodelón Gustavo , Salgueiriño Verónica 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study compares two kinds of magnetic microbeads with different surface features and cell entry pathways, aiming to provide insights into how to program their cell uptake and intracellular fate. It is found that a rougher surface enhances the cell uptake of the microbeads, regardless of whether they are pulled by a magnetic field gradient or adsorbed by the cell membrane. However, the entry route affects the intracellular localization of the microbeads: The magnetically dragged microbeads reach the cytoplasm, while the adsorbed microbeads stay in the late endosomes and lysosomes. This suggests that different strategies can be used to target different cellular compartments with magnetic microbeads. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the cells containing the microbeads can be moved and regrown at specific locations by applying a magnetic field gradient, showing the potential of these magnetic microbeads for cell delivery and manipulation.
Dual‐Targeted Nanoparticle‐in‐Microparticle System for Ulcerative Colitis Therapy
Authors: Zhang Yawen , Wu Yue , Yan Yuping , Ma Yijing , Tu Linglan , Shao Jingjing , Tang Xuanyu , Chen Lingfeng , Liang Guang , Yin Lina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConventional oral therapy for ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with premature release or degradation of drugs in the harsh gastrointestinal environment, resulting in reduced therapeutic effectiveness. Consequently, the present study aims to develop a dual‐targeted delivery system with a nanoparticle‐in‐microparticle (nano‐in‐micro) structure. The prepared Asiatic Acid‐loaded delivery system (AA/CDM‐BT‐ALG) has pH‐sensitive properties. Cellular uptake evaluation confirms that nanoparticles exhibit targeted absorption by macrophages and Caco‐2 cells through mannose (Man) receptor and biotin‐mediated endocytosis, respectively. Therefore, this mechanism effectively enhances intracellular drug concentration. Additionally, the biodistribution study conducted on the gastrointestinal tract of mice indicates that the colon of the microspheres group shows higher fluorescence intensity with longer duration than the other groups. This finding indicates that the microspheres exhibit selective accumulation in areas of colon inflammation. In vivo experiments in colitis mice showed that AA/CDM‐BT‐ALG significantly alleviates the histopathological characteristics of the colon, reduced neutrophil, and macrophage infiltration, and decreases pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression. Furthermore, the effect of AA/CDM‐BT‐ALG on colitis is validated to be closely related to the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB signaling pathway. The present findings suggest that the development of a dual‐targeted delivery system is accomplished effectively, with the potential to serve as a drug‐controlled release system for treating UC.
Near‐Infrared II Hemicyanine Dye with Large Stokes Shift Designed by TICT Regulation for Boosting Imaging‐Guided Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zhao Liang , Zhu Han , Duo You‐Yang , Pang Dai‐Wen , Wang Zhi‐Gang , Liu Shu‐Lin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe serious threat that cancer poses to human health highlights the significance of early detection and effective treatment. The integration of fluorescence diagnosis and photothermal therapy in NIR‐II has gained attention due to its high sensitivity, fast response, and noninvasiveness. Fluorescence, produced by the radiative relaxation process of electrons in a molecule, and photothermal, generated by the nonradiative relaxation process of electrons in a molecule, are competing photophysical processes. Hence, it is a challenge for the molecule to balance between the properties of fluorescence and photothermal. In this study, a NIR‐II hemicyanine with TICT character is designed to obtain molecules with both better fluorescence and photothermal properties, utilizing positively charged pyridine salt and triphenylamine as electron acceptor and donor, respectively, and oxole as the conjugated π‐bridge. HCY‐995, one of the synthesized compounds, has a quantum yield of 0.09%, photothermal conversion efficiency of 54.90%, and a significant Stoke shift of 232 nm, which makes it appropriate for the integration of photothermal therapy and high‐resolution imaging. This study provides new insights into the development of NIR‐II molecules with fluorescent and photothermal integrated properties.
A Dual‐Antioxidative Coating on Transmucosal Component of Implant to Repair Connective Tissue Barrier for Treatment of Peri‐Implantitis
Authors: Li Dize , Tan Xi , Zheng Liwen , Tang Han , Hu Shanshan , Zhai Qiming , Jing Xuan , Liang Panpan , Zhang Yuxin , He Qingqing , Jian Guangyu , Fan Dongqi , Ji Ping , Chen Tao , Zhang Hongmei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince the microgap between implant and surrounding connective tissue creates the pass for pathogen invasion, sustained pathological stimuli can accelerate macrophage‐mediated inflammation, therefore affecting peri‐implant tissue regeneration and aggravate peri‐implantitis. As the transmucosal component of implant, the abutment therefore needs to be biofunctionalized to repair the gingival barrier. Here, a mussel‐bioinspired implant abutment coating containing tannic acid (TA), cerium and minocycline (TA‐Ce‐Mino) is reported. TA provides pyrogallol and catechol groups to promote cell adherence. Besides, Ce3+/Ce4+ conversion exhibits enzyme‐mimetic activity to remove reactive oxygen species while generating O2, therefore promoting anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophage polarization to help create a regenerative environment. Minocycline is involved on the TA surface to create local drug storage for responsive antibiosis. Moreover, the underlying therapeutic mechanism is revealed whereby the coating exhibits exogenous antioxidation from the inherent properties of Ce and TA and endogenous antioxidation through mitochondrial homeostasis maintenance and antioxidases promotion. In addition, it stimulates integrin to activate PI3K/Akt and RhoA/ROCK pathways to enhance VEGF‐mediated angiogenesis and tissue regeneration. Combining the antibiosis and multidimensional orchestration, TA‐Ce‐Mino repairs soft tissue barriers and effector cell differentiation, thereby isolating the immune microenvironment from pathogen invasion. Consequently, this study provides critical insight into the design and biological mechanism of abutment surface modification to prevent peri‐implantitis.
Magnetic‐Responsive Carbon Nanotubes Composite Scaffolds for Chondrogenic Tissue Engineering
Authors: Saranya Muthusamy , da Silva Aldeliane M. , Karjalainen Hanna , Klinkenberg Geir , Schmid Ruth , McDonagh Birgitte , Molesworth Peter P. , Sigfúsdóttir Margrét S. , Wågbø Ane Marit , Santos Susana. G. , Couto Cristiana , Karjalainen Ville‐Pauli , Gupta Shuvashis Das , Järvinen Topias , de Roy Luisa , Seitz Andreas. M. , Finnilä Mikko , Saarakkala Simo , Haaparanta Anne Marie , Janssen Lauriane , Lorite Gabriela S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe demand for engineered scaffolds capable of delivering multiple cues to cells continues to grow as the interplay between cell fate with microenvironmental and external cues is revealed. Emphasis has been given to develop stimuli‐responsive scaffolds. These scaffolds are designed to sense an external stimulus triggering a specific response (e.g., change in the microenvironment, release therapeutics, etc.) and then initiate/modulate a desired biofunction. Here, magnetic‐responsive carboxylated multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNTs) are integrated into 3D collagen/polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold via a reproducible filtration‐based method. The integrity and biomechanical performance of the collagen/PLA scaffolds are preserved after cMWCNT integration. In vitro safety assessment of cMWCNT/collagen/PLA scaffolds shows neither cytotoxicity effects nor macrophage pro‐inflammatory response, supporting further in vitro studies. The cMWCNT/collagen/PLA scaffolds enhance chondrocytes metabolic activity while maintaining high cell viability and extracellular matrix (i.e., type II collagen and aggrecan) production. Comprehensive in vitro study applying static and pulsed magnetic field on seeded scaffolds shows no specific cell response in dependence with the applied field. This result is independent of the presence or absence of cMWCNT into the collagen/PLA scaffolds. Taken together, these findings provide additional evidence of the benefits to exploit the CNTs outstanding properties in the design of stimuli‐responsive scaffolds.
Antioxidant‐Engineered Milk‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Accelerating Wound Healing via Regulation of the PI3K‐AKT Signaling Pathway
Authors: Fan Limin , Ma Xiaoyi , Liu Bingbing , Yang Yushan , Yang Yan , Ren Tianbin , Li Yongyong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInspired by the experience of relieving inflammation in infants with milk, antioxidant‐engineered milk‐derived extracellular vesicles (MEVs) are developed to evaluate their potential for accelerating wound healing. In this work, MEVs with polydopamines (PDA) are engineered using the co‐extrusion method. Subsequently, the authors incorporated them into a Schiff‐based crosslink hydrogel, forming a skin dosage form that could facilitate the wound healing process. The antioxidant properties of PDA assist in the anti‐inflammatory function of engineered MEVs, while the gel provides better skin residency. The PDA@MEVs+GEL formulation exhibits excellent biocompatibility, pro‐angiogenic capacity, and antioxidant ability in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo experiments demonstrate its efficacy in wound repair and inflammation inhibition. Mechanistically, PDA@MEVs+GEL simultaneously promotes the growth, migration, and anti‐inflammation of 3T3 cells by activating PI3K‐AKT pathway. Moreover, PDA@MEVs+GEL exhibits enhanced functionality in promoting wound healing in vivo, attributed to its ability to inhibit inflammation, stimulate angiogenesis, and promote collagen synthesis. In conclusion, this study delves into the mechanism of MEVs and underscores the improved efficacy of engineered extracellular vesicles. Additionally, the feasibility and prospect of engineered MEVs in treating skin wounds are verified, suggesting that antioxidant‐engineered MEVs could be a promising therapeutic agent for wound healing applications.
Multi‐Sensing Platform Based on 2D Monoelement Germanane
Authors: Vaghasiya Jayraj V. , Mayorga‐Martinez Carmen C. , Sonigara Keval K. , Lazar Petr , Pumera Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCovalently functionalized germanane is a novel type of fluorescent probe that can be employed in material science and analytical sensing. Here, a fluorometric sensing platform based on methyl‐functionalized germanane (CH3Ge) is developed for gas (humidity and ammonia) sensing, pH (1–9) sensing, and anti‐counterfeiting. Luminescence (red–orange) is seen when a gas molecule intercalates into the interlayer space of CH3Ge and the luminescence disappears upon deintercalation. This allows for direct detection of gas absorption via fluorometric measurements of the CH3Ge. Structural and optical properties of CH3Ge with intercalated gas molecules are investigated by density functional theory (DFT). To demonstrate real‐time and on‐the‐spot testing, absorbed gas molecules are first precisely quantified by CH3Ge using a smartphone camera with an installed color intensity processing application (APP). Further, CH3Ge‐paper‐based sensor is integrated into real food packets (e.g., fish and milk) to monitor the shelf life of perishable foods. Finally, CH3Ge‐based rewritable paper is applied in water jet printing to illustrate the potential for secret communication with quick coloration and good reversibility by water evaporation.