bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Children: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Meena Jitendra , Mathew Georgie , Kumar Jogender , Chanchlani Rahul 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
There is limited literature on the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and associated mortality in hospitalized children. To systematically assess the worldwide incidence of AKI in hospitalized children to inform policymakers regarding appropriate health resource allocation.

METHODS
Three different databases were searched (PubMed, Embase, Web of Sciences) from March 2012 to January 2022 without language or geographical restrictions. We included cohort and cross-sectional studies that reported AKI incidence in hospitalized children. Eligible studies had at least 100 participants and used the standard Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria to define AKI. Two authors extracted data on the study and patients’ characteristics and outcomes (incidence and AKI-associated mortality) and performed the risk of bias assessment. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to generate pooled estimates.

RESULTS
We included 94 studies (202 694 participants) from 26 countries. The incidence of any AKI was 26% (95% confidence interval: 22–29), and that of moderate-severe AKI was 14% (11–16). The incidence of AKI was similar in high-income 27% (23–32), low-middle-income 25% (13–38), and low-income 24% (12–39) countries. Overall, AKI-associated mortality was observed in 11% (9–13) of the pediatric population. AKI-associated mortality rate was highest at 18% (11–25) and 22% (9–38) in low-income and low-middle-income countries, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
AKI was observed in one-quarter of the hospitalized children and is associated with increased mortality risk. Low-income and low-middle-income countries had observed higher mortality rates compared with high-income countries despite a similar AKI burden.
Weltuntergang und Doppelmonarchie •
Authors: Hárs Endre 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe study mediates between two literary thematic fields: the discourse on disasters, with special attention to the comet theme, and the literature about the future or the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy. In this context, we ask about the political issue of the comet material or motif. The topic will be explained using the works of Camille Flammarion, Vincenz Chiavacci, Karl Kraus, Hannes Stein and Maurus Jókai as examples.
Sensitive and validated UPLC-MS/MS method for the identification and characterization of forced degradation products for felodipine
Authors: Ajay Babu M. , Shanmukh Kumar J.V. , Naresh N. , Mankumare Sharad D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA rapid, stability indicating reverse phase liquid chromatographic method was developed for the determination of purity of Felodipine in active pharmaceutical substance form in the presence of its impurity and its degradation products. To develop the method which is also compatible to liquid chromatographic mass spectroscopic technique. The developed method is also used to determine the assay of Felodipine in bulk drug form. The drug is subjected to various stress conditions like acidic, basic, oxidation, UV light and thermal conditions. Considerable degradation was observed during base hydrolysis. Two degradation products were identified. The Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18, 2.1 × 100 mm, 1.7 µm Column was used to achieve chromatographic separation. The gradient conditions, diluent and injection volume were optimized to achieve the acceptable resolution between impurities and its degradation products from Felodipine and to get good peak shapes. The masses were determined for main compound and its identified degradation products. Further, the characterization studies for main compound and its degradation products were performed using LCMSMS Q-TOF.
Microdosing psychedelics – Does it have an impact on emodiversity?
Authors: Pop Ioana , Dinkelacker Jannis 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsPrevious research has proposed that microdosing, i.e., the repeated use of sub-threshold doses of serotonergic hallucinogens, has an impact on mood by increasing emotional awareness. We propose that increased emotional awareness could translate into higher emodiversity, a balanced experience of emotions in which emotions are experienced with more similarity in intensity and duration. We examine the effect of microdosing, the day after, as well as the cumulative effect of microdosing on overall, positive and negative emodiversity.MethodsWe use data collected over a period of 28 days sampled between February to June 2020 from 18 users that already had an active practice of microdosing at the start of the data collection. We assessed emotional states using ESM methods, i.e., signal-contingent sampling with triggers sent 5 times a day. The working dataset has a number of 224 observations days. We used mixed effects models to test our hypotheses.ResultsWhen taking into account the level of average affect, we found that during microdosing days positive and overall emodiversity were significantly lower. No evidence was found for a mediating role of the level of average affect. Higher cumulative instances of microdosing were not related to any of the emodiversity indexes. Participants experienced more “awe, wonder, or amazement”, “ashamed, humiliated, or disgraced” as well as less “joyful, glad, or happy” emotions during microdosing days.ConclusionA microdosing practice may increase the centrality of certain emotions on microdosing days, resulting in a decrease in emotional diversity.
Preparation of polyvinyl acetate composite as a new backing material for the manufacture of ultrasonic transducers
Authors: Barakat Mirham A. Y. , El-Wakil A. A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolyvinyl acetate (PVAc) composites were loaded with varying amounts of nano-metal alloy (Ag–Sn–Cu–Pt) and stearic acid. They are used as backing materials for ultrasonic transducers to prevent back-echoes from reverberating into the piezoelectric element and to reduce noisy echoes. The novelty of this work is the usage of these newly prepared PVAc/alloy composites as backing material in ultrasonic transducers with a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) active element. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique was used to examine the structure of the composites. The ultrasonic technique investigated the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient, the acoustic impedance, the mechanical properties, and other parameters. The transducers with the new backing composites gained high sensitivity, broadband, short ringing, and so on. These characteristics were improved by increasing the nano-metal alloy content in the backing composites. The study also proved the efficiency of the PVAc/alloy composite as new backing material in ultrasonic transducers.
Graphical abstract
Sketch of fabricated ultrasonic transducers with backing materials from PVAc/alloy composites (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, and B6) and their important features (BW is transducers’ band width and S is transducers’ sensitivity).
W stronę teologii nauki – na kanwie myśli ks. prof. Michała Hellera
Authors: Maziarka Tomasz 
Published: January 2023

Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie relacji nauki do teologii, w oparciu o myśl ks. prof. Michała Hellera, i zmierza ku takiemu ujęciu obydwu dyscyplin, w którym nauka staje się przedmiotem zainteresowania teologii. Punktem wyjścia jest refleksja nad fenomenem racjonalności świata. Racjonalność stanowiąca warunek uprawiania nauk przyrodniczych domaga się usprawiedliwienia. Teologiczną prawdą, która może przyjść z pomocą, jest wiara w istnienie Logosu; Boska Mądrość, przenikając wszystko, nie tylko stanowi fundament struktury świata fizycznego, ale określa również istnienie świata wartości i sensu. Skoro Bóg stanowi filozoficzne a priori każdej z nauk, nauki przyrodnicze mogą prowadzić dialog z teologią, a nawet – co postuluje ks. Michał Heller – możliwe jest stworzenie programu teologii nauki. Celem takiego przedsięwzięcia jest wzbogacenie spojrzenia na naukę przez uwzględnienie tych aspektów, które są widoczne jedynie przy użyciu metody teologicznej.
Septuaginta – pragnienie poznania Biblii
Authors: Łabuda Piotr 
Published: January 2023

The Septuagint which contains texts not presented in the Hebrew Bible is at the same time its formal and ancient translation. It is not just an interpretation either. It is not meant only for the ancient societies, but should be treated as a valuable Text by contemporary people as well. The Book was created as a result of the need to learn the Bible. The Septuagint made the texts of the Hebrew Bible accessible for both the Jews and the Greeks. The Greek Bible became useful for literary, legal and synagogical purposes. Undeniably it helped people get closer to the mystery of Jesus Christ.
Ground-motion amplification in the Santa Monica area: Effects of shallow basin-edge structure
Authors: Graves Robert W. , Pitarka Arben , Somerville Paul G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe 1994 Northridge earthquake produced ground motions in the northwest portion of the Los Angeles basin that were significantly larger than rock-site motions observed at locations just north of the basin. The Santa Monica area was hit particularly hard, with numerous structures being damaged or destroyed by the strong ground shaking. In this region, the basin-edge geology is controlled by the active strand of the east-west-striking Santa Monica fault, and virtually all of the structural damage occurred at or south of the fault location. We have used 2D finite-difference ground-motion simulations to investigate the effect of the basin-edge structure in amplifying ground response. Constraints on the basin-edge structure come from geologic cross sections, geophysical data, and seismological observations. Our simulations indicate that the shallow basin-edge structure (1 km deep) formed by the active strand of the Santa Monica fault creates a large amplification in motions immediately south of the fault scarp, in very good agreement with mainshock damage patterns, recorded ground motions, and locations of elevated site response. This large amplification results from constructive interference of direct waves with the basin-edge-generated surface waves and is quite similar to the basin-edge effect associated with the 1995 Kobe earthquake. In addition, we find that focusing effects created by the deeper basin structure (3 to 4 km deep) cannot explain the large motions observed immediately south of the fault scarp. This strongly suggests that the deep-basin focusing models proposed by Gao et al. (1996) and Alex and Olsen (1998) are not likely explanations of the observed pattern of ground-motion amplification in the Santa Monica area.
Hypotensive effects of drug combinations in elderly and old patients with controlled arterial hypertension
Authors: Kovalenko F. A. , Kanorskii S. G. 
Published: January 2023

Aim. To assess the frequency of arterial hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, low blood pressure (BP) and their clinical manifestations in the group of elderly and senile patients with a controlled course of arterial hypertension (AH), taking combinations of drugs based on an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor).Materials and methods. The study included 171 male and female residents of Krasnodar Territory with drug-controlled AH (blood pressure - BP less than 140/90 mm Hg in the background of previous antihypertensive therapy containing an ACE inhibitor perindopril), and with diseases of atherosclerotic genesis. All patients were questioned, tested for balance control, assessed for the risk of falls according to the Morse scale, hypotension in orthostasis was determined, measured office BP, carried out daily monitoring of BP with the determination of the time indices of hypotension and low BP.Results. Most often patients took a combination of ACE inhibitors with calcium channel blockers (CCB) (28.1% of cases), beta-blockers (BB) (27.1%) or diuretics (29.1%). Assessing the risk of falls on the Morse scale, there was a significantly lower level in patients who took the combination of perindopril with CCB compared with those who received perindopril with BB (15 versus 25 points respectively, p=0.039). Patients receiving perindopril and CCB lost balance in the “legs together” position in 19.3% and in the “tandem” or “semi-tandem” position of the feet in 29.8% of cases, that could be compared to the group taking perindopril and a diuretic (22% and 33.9%, respectively) and significantly lower than in the groups with perindopril and BB therapy (34.5% and 50.9%, respectively, p1=0.037, p2=0.043). The time index of low systolic and diastolic BP during therapy with perindopril and CCB was significantly lower than the corresponding indicator in the groups of patients treated with perindopril and BB (22% and 17% versus 27% and 21%, respectively, p1=0,009, p2=0,024), and the time index of low systolic BP for the combination of perindopril and diuretic is lower than for the combination of perindopril and BB (23% versus 27%, respectively, p=0.023).Conclusion. The data obtained on the frequency of arterial hypotension, orthostatic hypotension and low BP in the group of elderly and senile patients indicate the advisability of further studying the risks of drug hypotension in order to better personalize the treatment of AH.
Blood pressure target achievement in older adults with hypertension and chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the impact of adipose tissue function
Authors: Malinova L. I. , Tolstov S. N. , Silina T. S. , Denisova T. P. , Lipatova T. E. 
Published: January 2023

Objective. To assess the impact of adipose tissue dysfunction for target blood pressure levels achieving in arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) in real clinical practice.Materials and methods. We examined 91 elderly patients (> 75 y.o.) with AH and HFpEF during hospital admission. The mass and mass fraction of adipose tissue, serum levels of adipokines (adiponectin, leptin) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNFa and IL6) were assessed. Steady normotension at discharge was used as a marker of the target blood pressure level achievement possibility.Results. By the time of the planned discharge, stable normotension was recorded in 24.2% of patients. In senile patients with failure to achieve normotension, isolated systolic AH was most common - 55.1%. Patients with persistent hypertension at the time of the planned discharge were characterized by a low ability of adipose tissue to secrete adiponectin: 0.05 (0.03; 0.12) vs 0.37 (0.12; 0.5) μg/mL/kg (p = 0.037 ). The minimum values of adiponectin (corrected for adipose tissue mass) were in patients with systolic-diastolic AH (0.04 (0.03; 0.06) μg/ml/kg, Jonkhier-Terpstra test, p = 0.033). A regression model for achieving normotension in senile patients with HFpEF was built with a total percentage of correct classifications of 93.8% before bootstrap and 95.8% after: the maximum values of the Wald statistics were achieved with respect to the predictors "adiponectin", "TNF-a" and "heart rate".Conclusion. The development of adipose tissue dysfunction, accompanied by a decrease in the “rescue hormone” adiponectin synthesis, is associated with the failure to achieve normotension during medication of the inpatient treatment in senile patients with AH and HFpEF.
Sedimentology and stratigraphic evolution of fluvial–tidal transition reservoirs: an outcrop analog for the hydrocarbon-bearing Bahariya Formation, Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Selim Selim Saber 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The deposits of the tidal–fluvial transition zone are one of the most significant and complicated components of marginal marine systems. Sedimentological studies of these deposits are necessary due to their heterogeneous nature, which is controlled by competing tidal and fluvial parameters. Outcrop studies are required to understand the architecture, sedimentology, and evolution of tidal–fluvial deposits. The Cenomanian upper unit of the Bahariya Formation in the northern part of the Western Desert of Egypt is a tide-dominated fluvio-estuarine deposit sourced from crystalline basement and Early Cretaceous siliciclastic sedimentary rocks that lie to the southeast and south. Based on sedimentary facies analysis and paleocurrent data, the upper Bahariya Formation is composed of six main architectural elements: 1) river-dominated, tide-influenced point bar, 2) tide-dominated, river-influenced point bar, 3) floodplain, 4) crevasse splay, 5) crevasse channel, and 6) mud plug. These elements are stacked in a multistory tidal–fluvial channel complex and associated depositional elements. The reconstructed paleochannels trend from southeast to northwest, and migrated to the east and southeast. The relative contribution of fluvial processes decreased upwards through the stacked stories, with a corresponding increase in the contribution of tidal processes that were associated with transgression. An understanding of the architecture and sedimentology of the tidal–fluvial transition from outcrop successions allows the improved characterization of tidal–fluvial point-bar reservoirs and associated elements.
Naturally recovery of old crop fields in a South African Grassland biome
Authors: Coetzer Willem G. , Coetzer Kayleigh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Changing land-use practices has led to an increased rate of cropland abandonment in South Africa. Several soil quality studies have been conducted in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, mainly focusing on the impact of different cropping strategies on soil quality or the effect of different grazing practices on soil quality, only a few focusing on the effect of cropland abandonment and soil quality. We, therefore, aimed to assess the change in soil quality of differently aged, recovering old crop fields compared to the surrounding natural veld. The study site is located in the Winterberg Mountains of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Standard soil characteristics were assessed for three recovering old crop fields. Samples from the surrounding natural habitat were also included for comparison. Significant positive change in soil water-holding capacity and carbon and nitrogen characteristics were observed with increased age since abandonment. Soil recovery is clearly taking place. It will, however, still take a significant amount of time for total recovery to be achieved. Continuous monitoring of old crop fields in agricultural, as well as, formally protected areas is needed to fully understand the long-term effects of cropping on soil quality in this region.
Effect of Block Size on BER Performance of Inverse Filtering Based MIMO FBMC
Authors: Srivast Mohit , Shukla Manoj Kumar , Singh Arun Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Filter bank multicarrier (FBMC) is a novel next generation data transfer technique. FBMC has large number of benefits over conventional OFDM techniques. The FBMC scheme suffers from imaginary interference thus degrades the bit error rate (BER) performance at the receiver. In recent past ICI free Alamouti-coded FBMC, frame and block repetition schemes for BER improvement are discussed. However, in the analysis various interfering terms are neglected. In this work to reduce inter carrier interference (ICI) and inter symbol interference (ISI) concept of inverse filtering is applied without neglecting other interfering terms and mathematical equations are derived and BER is evaluated. The simulation results are presented and compared with state of art technologies and it has been found that the proposed scheme is better in comparison to to state of art technologies.
Genome Wide Association Analysis of Kernel Nutritional Quality in Two Natural Maize Populations
Authors: Wan Wenting , Wu Ying , Hu Die , Ye Fan , Wu Xiaopeng , Qi Xingyue , Liang Hangyu , Zhou Haiyang , Xue Jiquan , Xu Shutu , Zhang Xinghua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As one of three staple crops, nutritional traits in maize are important for human and animal nutrition. Grain quality-related traits are closely related to grain commercial value. Understanding the genetic basis of quality-related traits in maize would be helpful for breeding high-quality maize varieties. In this study, two association panels (AM122 and AM180) were subjected to genome-wide association analysis of grain quality-related traits, including protein content, oil content, starch content and fibre content. In total, 98 SNPs (P<1×10-4) were identified to be significantly associated with these four grain quality-related traits. By integrating two sets of public transcriptome data, 31 genes located in 200 kb regions flanking the associated SNP showed high expression during kernel development and were differentially expressed in two maize inbred lines, KA225 and KB035, with significantly different quality. These genes might regulate maize grain quality by participating in plant hormone processes, autophagy processes and others. All these results could provide important reference information for breeding high‑quality maize varieties.
The Use of Simulation for Undergraduate Surgical Education in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Scoping Review
Authors: Alayande Barnabas Tobi , Forbes Callum , Masimbi Ornella , KingPriest Paul , Shimelash Natnael , Wina Felix , Hey Matthew T. , Philipo Godfrey Sama , Abahuje Egide , Robertson Jamie M. , Yule Steven , Riviello Robert , Bekele Abebe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The implementation of simulation-based learning for surgical training in sub-Saharan Africa can help prepare trainees to address surgical burden. The current status of simulation for surgical skills training in undergraduate medical education in Africa South of the Sahara needs to be better defined. In this scoping review we aimed to identify gaps in the application of simulation to undergraduate surgical education in sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods
We conducted a scoping literature search using PubMed, Embase, and African Index Medicus in August 2021. Studies reporting data on the use of simulation-based learning for undergraduate or internship surgical training in SSA specific to surgical clerkships, programs or procedures were included in the analysis. There were no language or date restrictions.
Results
We identified 119 studies and included 19 in the final analysis. Most simulation-based learning for undergraduate surgical training in sub-Saharan Africa began recently (2017–2021), and were reported from Eastern Africa (78%). Half were planned as recurring, sustained simulation programs, and only 25% of programs applied simulation to early undergraduate training. Up to 44% of primary care and 32% of first-level hospital essential surgical procedures, as defined by the Disease Control Priority Program (DCP3), are reported as taught by simulation. Only 15% of programs taught non-technical skills and 14% had engineering collaborations.
Conclusions
We found a lack of published simulation-based learning for undergraduate medical education in sub-Saharan Africa for 65% of World Health Organization/World Bank Disease Control Priorities 3-defined essential operations. There is need to expand the range and depth of content, and participant spread. Interdisciplinary, trans-sectoral collaboration will enrich simulation program quality, and assist with expansion to other African regions.