bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Fluid Mechanics of the Effect of Mouth Breathing on High-Arched Palate: Computational Fluid Dynamics Analyses
Authors: Xie Wenting , Zhang Lu , Shao Jiayi , Zhang Chunxiang , Zhang Zhongfang , Zhang Linkun 
Published: July 2023

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was introduced into the study of palate growth and development to explain the mechanisms by which mouth breathing affects palate descent from an aerodynamic perspective. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data were used to reconstruct a 3-dimensional model during natural mouth breathing of a volunteer. The model was imported into CFX 19.0 for numerical simulation of nasal breathing, mouth-nasal breathing, and mouth breathing. The pressure in the oronasal cavity was analyzed, and the pressure difference between the oral and nasal surfaces of hard palate under different breathing patterns was calculated. CFD can be used to simulate the stress on the oral and nasal surfaces of the palate under different breathing patterns. The pressure differences and resultant force between the oral and nasal surfaces of the hard palate during nasal inspiration, nasal expiration, mouth-nasal inspiration, mouth-nasal expiration, mouth inspiration, and mouth expiration were 0 Pa, 4 Pa (upward), 9 Pa (upward), 3 Pa (downward), 474 Pa (upward), 263 Pa (downward), respectively, and 87.99 N (upward), 88.03 N (upward), 88.01 N (upward), 88.01 N (upward), 88.05 N (upward), 87.94 N (upward), respectively. Therefore, CFD can be used to investigate the growth and development of the palate. When the volunteer opened his mouth, the pressure difference between the oral and nasal surfaces of the hard palate was about 88 N upward regardless of whether there was airflow in the mouth. The reversal of the direction of the force on the hard palate may be one of the factors affecting its descent of it.
Form, function, foam: evolutionary ecology of anuran nests and nesting behaviour
Authors: Fischer Eva K. 
Published: July 2023

Amphibians exhibit an incredible diversity of reproductive and life-history strategies, including various forms of nest construction and nesting behaviour. Although anuran amphibians (frogs and toads) are not known for their nests, nesting behaviour in this clade—broadly defined as a location chosen or constructed for eggs and young—is tightly linked to the amphibious lifestyle of this group. Transitions to increasingly terrestrial living have driven reproductive diversity in anurans, including the repeated, independent evolution of nests and nesting. Indeed, a core feature of many notable anuran adaptations—including nesting behaviour—is the maintenance of an aquatic environment for developing offspring. The tight link between increasingly terrestrial reproduction and morphological, physiological and behavioural diversity in anurans provides inroads for studying the evolutionary ecology of nests, their architects and their contents. This review provides an overview of nests and nesting behaviour in anurans, highlighting areas where additional work may be particularly fruitful. I take an intentionally broad view of what constitutes nesting to highlight what we can learn from thinking and researching comparatively across anurans and vertebrates more broadly.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘The evolutionary ecology of nests: a cross-taxon approach’.
Evolution of nest architecture in tyrant flycatchers and allies
Authors: Ocampo David , De Silva Thilina N. , Sheard Catherine , Stoddard Mary Caswell 
Published: July 2023

Innovations in nest design are thought to be one potential factor in the evolutionary success of passerine birds (order: Passeriformes), which colonized new ecological niches as they diversified in the Oligocene and Miocene. In particular, tyrant flycatchers and their allies (parvorder: Tyrannida) are an extremely diverse group of New World suboscine passerines occupying a wide range of habitats and exhibiting substantial extant variation in nest design. To explore the evolution of nest architecture in this clade, we first described nest traits across the Tyrannida phylogeny and estimated ancestral nest conditions. We then quantified macroevolutionary transition rates between nest types, examined a potential coevolutionary relationship between nest type and habitat, and used phylogenetic mixed models to determine possible ecological and environmental correlates of nest design. The Tyrannida ancestor probably built a cup nest in a closed habitat, and dome nests independently evolved at least 15 times within this group. Both cup- and dome-nesting species diversified into semi-open and open habitats, and we did not detect a coevolutionary relationship between nest type and habitat. Furthermore, nest type was not significantly correlated with several key ecological, life-history and environmental traits, suggesting that broad variation in Tyrannida nest architecture may not easily be explained by a single factor.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘The evolutionary ecology of nests: a cross-taxon approach’.
Total infectome investigation of diphtheritic stomatitis in yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes) reveals a novel and abundant megrivirus
Authors: Wierenga Janelle R. , Morgan Kerri J. , Taylor Harry S. , Hunter Stuart , Argilla Lisa S. , Webster Trudi , Lim Lauren , Grimwood Rebecca M. , Schultz Hendrik , Jorge Fátima , Bostina Mihnea , Burga Laura , Swindells-Wallace Puawai , Holmes Edward C. , McInnes Kate , Geoghegan Jemma L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFirst identified in 2002, diphtheritic stomatitis (DS) is a devastating disease affecting yellow-eyed penguins (Megadyptes antipodes, or hoiho in te reo Māori). The disease is associated with oral lesions in chicks and has caused significant morbidity and mortality. DS is widespread among yellow-eyed penguin chicks on mainland New Zealand yet appears to be absent from the subantarctic population. Corynebacterium spp. have previously been suspected as a causative agent yet, due to inconsistent cultures and inconclusive pathogenicity, its role in DS is unclear. Herein, we used a metatranscriptomic approach to identify potential causative agents of DS by revealing the presence and abundance of all viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa - together, the infectome. Oral and cloacal swab samples were collected from presymptomatic, symptomatic and recovered chicks along with a control group of healthy adults. Two novel viruses from the Picornaviridae were identified, one of which - yellow-eyed penguin megrivirus - was highly abundant in chicks irrespective of health status but not detected in healthy adults. Tissue from biopsied oral lesions also tested positive for the novel megrivirus upon PCR. We found no overall clustering among bacteria, protozoa and fungi communities at the genus level across samples, although Paraclostridium bifermentans was significantly more abundant in oral microbiota of symptomatic chicks compared to other groups. The detection of a novel and highly abundant megrivirus has sparked a new line of enquiry to investigate its potential association with DS.
Education for sustainable development from the lenses of Malaysian school leaders: a preliminary study
Authors: Zainal Abidin Mohd Syahidan , Mokhtar Mahani , Arsat Mahyuddin 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe issue of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) has been on the rise in recent years, with concerns being raised by various stakeholders about its potential effects on education and the environment. However, little research has been done into school leaders' fundamental challenges in addressing ESD.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative, single-case study was embarked on to examine the experiences of Malaysian school leaders who actively engaged ESD in their schools. The data were collected by using semi-structured interviews among four school leaders in schools involved in Johor Sustainable Education Action Plan (JSEAP). A thematic analysis was used to understand the challenges and later drive the strategy used to overcome those challenges.FindingsThis preliminary study revealed that the principals perceived the ESD's four main challenges: encouraging positive thinking and passion, acquiring ESD knowledge, developing system thinking, and curriculum adaptation. Based on this study's findings, school leaders need to make concerted efforts to overcome these challenges, such as finding best practices, encompassing support systems, and exploring innovative partnerships to address ESD effectively in their schools.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is limited to a case analysis of the selected schools and cannot be generalized to a larger population.Practical implicationsThe results of the study may be of interest to other school leaders and educators who are concerned about ESD and its role in their schools, as well as to other academics who are interested in the topic of ESD and the challenges faced by school leaders in implementing sustainable practices.Originality/valueTo the authors' knowledge, this is the first study investigating ESD challenges in the Malaysian context. The novel finding helps the readers understand the recent phenomena of ESD implementation better and, at the same time, compare it to other settings.
Quarterly business review for digital transformation: insights from the automotive industry
Authors: Hoeft Fabian 
Published: July 2023

PurposeAs quarterly business reviews (QBRs) remained unexplored in the scholarly community, this paper sheds light on what QBRs are, how they are being used across organisations and provides deep insights into the implementation of the QBR at an incumbent car manufacturer’s digital transformation business unit. Particular attention has been paid to decision processes, portfolio management, challenges and success factors.Design/methodology/approachGiven the explorative nature of the research, a case study is well suited to explore the phenomenon in its real-world context, especially given the dynamic and volatile business environment. This article is based on insights from an incumbent car manufacturer undergoing a business-wide transformation.FindingsThe car manufacturer introduced the QBR process and themes to improve business effectiveness and efficiency through (1) focusing on the biggest issues, (2) concentrating efforts, (3) providing autonomy and stability, (4) building and maintaining strong relationships, and (5) building domain expertise. Through the QBR process, themes were (de)prioritised, resources allocated, financial value (estimates) agreed upon, and key performance indicators (e.g. £m/FTE; FTE, full-time equivalent employees) introduced. Digital product managers’ were assigned to the prioritised themes, and portfolio management structures were presented.Originality/valueManaging short- and long-term objectives is challenging for most businesses but essential to perform well in uncertain environments. The QBR process can help organisations continuously (de)prioritise work and reallocate resources based on changing environments and aligned with strategic priorities.
Real earnings management in related party transactions: does sustainable development triangle (SDT) matters for business innovation in Nigeria?
Authors: Salihi Awaisu Adamu , Ibrahim Haslindar , Baharudin Dayana Mastura 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The study aims to examine the association between the sustainable development triangle and real earnings management (REM) and the moderating role of business innovation.

Design/methodology/approach
The study was based on the quadruple bottom line approach to measuring corporate sustainable development. For the REM, Roychowdhury model is used to identify the practices. The study used panel data using 740 firm-year observations from non-financial listed companies in the Nigerian market from 2011 to 2020, collected from the Nigeria Stock Exchange.

Findings
The study finds a negative influence on the association of economic, environmental, social and governance (EESG) on REM in related party transactions. Thus, by regressing the three different components of REM separately, then EESG will have strongest impact as well. The study suggests a bidirectional association between EESG and REM. Furthermore, the study finds that business innovation strengthens the negative association between EESG and REM. The study concludes that sustainable companies in the Nigerian public market are less liable to practice REM.

Research limitations/implications
The study examines only non-financial listed companies quoted on the Nigeria Stock Exchange, which restricts the generalization of the findings.

Practical implications
The findings of the study should be of immense value to the investors who need comprehensive appraisal of earnings quality to enhance sustainable development strategies for sustainable business innovation among Nigeria firms. Thus, sustainability and innovation can serve as the principles for supporting developing countries impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and supporting a sustainable development.

Social implications
The study will be of immense value to policymakers, regulators and standard setters who demand for facts insightful of business practices and reporting behaviors for sustainable development.

Originality/value
Existing studies have mainly focused on triple bottom line. This study adds to the existing body of literature on the Quadruple bottom line in an African market. More so, the study investigates the impact of business innovation on the relationship between economic, environmental, social and governance and real earnings management, which was rarely investigated in the prior literature.
Corporate social responsibility and performance among rural banks in Ghana: the moderating role of governance structures
Authors: Agyapong Elvis Kwame , Annor Louis David Junior , Ohemeng Williams 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis paper evaluates the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the performance of rural banks, as well as the moderating influence of effective governance on the surmised nexus.Design/methodology/approachAnnual data for 122 Ghanaian rural banks from ARB Apex Bank, World Development Indicator (WDI) and World Governance Indicator (WGI) for the period 2014–2020 were compiled for analysis. A two-stage system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator was used in examining the relationships under study.FindingsThe findings suggest that CSR has a significant negative effect on return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE) and stability (Z-score). On the other hand, further results showed that CSR positively influences net interest margin (NIM). Again, the results suggest that government effectiveness exerts a positive moderating influence on the effect of CSR on performance from all four measurement criteria (ROA, ROE, NIM and Z-score) in the Ghanaian rural banking sector.Originality/valueThe study focuses on the rural banking sector in the Ghanaian economy, compared to related studies that examine the subject matter for commercial banks. The moderating influence of governance structures is also assessed on the relationships to guide policy on rural banking.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2023-0116.
An aspirational hope of a Sharīʿah-based microfinance model to alleviate extreme poverty
Authors: Khalequzzaman Mohammad , Ab Rahman Asmak , Kamsin Amirrudin 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aims to propose a Sharīʿah-based and information and communication technology-driven microfinance model (SIMM) to reduce extreme poverty in rural areas. Existing microfinance models run by microfinance institutions exclude severely poor individuals from their activities.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses an exploratory sequential mixed-method design structured as Studies 1 and 2. Study 1 uses the grounded theory methodology to develop the emergent SIMM through interviews and focus group discussions with the participants (12 rich, 6 rural elites and 18 poor) of the target village. Study 2 uses a survey of 421 household members in the target village to evaluate their attitudes (ATT), subjective norms (SN) and perceived behavioural control (PBC) related to SIMM. Partial least squares-based structural equation modelling is used to evaluate relationships between constructs.

Findings
Study 1 identifies seven themes, in which aspirational hope is recognised as a core theme. Study 2 indicates significant relationships between ATT and PBC and between SN and PBC. Thus, the SIMM can alleviate poverty in rural communities.

Practical implications
The application of the SIMM in the pilot study provides aspirational hope for eradicating extreme poverty.

Social implications
Other rural communities should be encouraged to apply the SIMM to alleviate extreme poverty in their villages.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the development of an innovative microfinance model (SIMM) to eradicate extreme poverty in rural areas.
Community-led heritage conservation in processes of rural regeneration
Authors: Perkins Harvey C. , Mackay Michael , Wilson Jude 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The authors report a study of heritage conservation linked to rural small-town regeneration in Aotearoa New Zealand. The purpose of this study is to answer the question: how, with limited local resources, do the residents and administrators of small settlements conserve historic heritage in the processes of rural regeneration?

Design/methodology/approach
This research is based on an analysis of physical heritage objects (buildings, artefacts and landscapes), associated regulatory arrangements, archival material, news media reporting, community group newsletters and photography. The authors use the river-side town of Rakaia and its environs in Te Waipounamu/the South Island of Aotearoa New Zealand to answer the research question.

Findings
This research found that in a context of limited resources, volunteers, supported by small businesses and local and central government, can contribute positively to the conservation and interpretation of heritage as part of wider rural regeneration activities.

Originality/value
There is only limited writing on the links between heritage conservation, rural regeneration and the development of small towns. To advance the debate, the authors combine ideas about community-led heritage conservation and management with concepts drawn from rural studies, particularly the multifunctional rural space paradigm. This allows us to explore heritage conservation in a context of rapid rural change.
Attachment, trauma and homelessness
Authors: Barreto Elias , Cockersell Peter 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe research into attachment styles of rough sleepers and considersthe implications for practice.

Design/methodology/approach
The research was structured interviews with a cohort of rough sleepers analysed through evidence-based techniques, and the implications were drawn out with reference to current best practice.

Findings
The rough sleepers in the cohort had a very different pattern of attachment styles to the housed population, with 100% insecure vs c35%, and 50% insecure disorganised vs >15%.

Research limitations/implications
The limitation is that the cohort was relatively small, n = 22 and was a sample of convenience. The implications are that homelessness services working with rough sleepers need to be attachment-informed as much as trauma-informed.

Practical implications
Practical implications are that homelessness services need to have a more rounded psychological perspective such as psychologically informed environments rather than just a trauma-informed approach.

Social implications
Rough sleepers suffer from deeply pervasive and severe attachment disorders, and this may be causal to their becoming rough sleepers and is certainly a factor in whether or not they are successfully rehoused.

Originality/value
There is almost no other original research published into the attachment styles of rough sleepers or homeless people. The current trend is for trauma-informed services: the call for attachment-informed ones is original.
Multi‐locus homozygosity promotes actuarial senescence in a wild mammal
Authors: Hudson Dave W. , McKinley Trevelyan J. , Benton Clare H. , Delahay Richard , McDonald Robbie A. , Hodgson Dave J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Genome‐wide homozygosity, caused for example by inbreeding, is expected to have deleterious effects on survival and/or reproduction. Evolutionary theory predicts that any fitness costs are likely to be detected in late life because natural selection will filter out negative impacts on younger individuals with greater reproductive value.

Here we infer associations between multi‐locus homozygosity (MLH), sex, disease and age‐dependent mortality risks using Bayesian analysis of the life histories of wild European badgers Meles meles in a population naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis (the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis [bTB]).

We find important effects of MLH on all parameters of the Gompertz–Makeham mortality hazard function, but particularly in later life.

Our findings confirm the predicted association between genomic homozygosity and actuarial senescence. Increased homozygosity is particularly associated with an earlier onset, and greater rates of actuarial senescence, regardless of sex. The association between homozygosity and actuarial senescence is further amplified among badgers putatively infected with bTB.

These results recommend further investigation into the ecological and behavioural processes that result in genome‐wide homozygosity, and focused work on whether homozygosity is harmful or beneficial during early life‐stages.
Making plant–pollinator data collection cheaper for restoration and monitoring
Authors: Bruninga‐Socolar Bethanne , Lonsdorf Eric V. , Lane Ian G. , Portman Zachary M. , Cariveau Daniel P. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Wildflower plantings are a key tool for wild bee conservation, and plant–bee interaction data are frequently used in seed mix design to ensure that plantings provide sufficient resources for a diversity of bees. Plant–bee interaction data are also used in monitoring programmes to measure the success of bee‐supporting habitat. However, collecting plant–bee interaction data can be expensive and these data are not used by many seed mix design practitioners and monitoring programmes. Therefore, a crucial question is how does the conservation value of seed mixes vary as a function of the intensity of the data collection effort underpinning their design?

We leverage a plant–bee interaction data set to ask how bee richness is expected to change when informed by different scenarios of reduced data collection effort and cost. From the original, large data set, we created subsets of data by randomly reducing (1) the number of specimens sampled, (2) the number of sites sampled, (3) the number of sampling days per site and (4) using data from a single, representative taxon (bumble bees). We ask whether seed mixes designed from these reduced data sets support comparable bee richness to the full data set, and for any reduction in cost.

Reductions in the number of specimens sampled and the number of sampling days per site yield seed mixes that support comparable bee richness to the full data set. Reductions in the number of sites yielded seed mixes that support lower bee richness than the full data set. Using bumble bee interaction data only yields seed mixes that support lower bee richness than the full data set, especially when few plants are included in the mixes.

Synthesis and applications. We recommend prioritizing broad spatial, temporal and taxonomic coverage of plant–bee interaction data to guide cost‐effective seed mix design. Our results also provide guidance for practitioners designing programmes to monitor bee richness in restored habitat because plant–bee interaction data may be made cheaper by collecting fewer specimens per sampling event or collecting on fewer dates per site (as long as coverage of the full bee flight season is maintained).