bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Normal to Disaster Response Mode: How Can Virtual Communities Reconfigure Themselves to Respond Effectively to a Disaster?
Authors: Hasan Mahmudul , Chua Cecil Eng Huang , Myers Michael David , Bahar Varqa Shamsi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDuring a disaster, many people seek information from virtual communities. However, information overload, falsehoods and unrelated topics hinder information flow in virtual communities, putting disaster victims at risk. Given many disasters are generally of a short duration, we explore how virtual communities can quickly reconfigure themselves to respond effectively to a disaster. Drawing on risk society theory, our findings suggest reconfiguration is done via a series of cycles initially involving community members and subsequently featuring both community members and moderators working together to mitigate risks. We contribute to virtual community discourse on disaster response by showing how a virtual community can configure IT features to bring about change. Practically, we find transforming a virtual community from a normal to a disaster response mode requires (1) creating a controlled information hub, (2) promoting identity revelation and (3) allowing for temporary emergent hyperlocal leadership. While earlier IS research suggests that anonymity, openness and geographical dispersion are important for information dissemination in virtual communities, we suggest these practices may need to be changed during a disaster.
Becoming Materially Aware with Mushrooms: A Sociomaterial Analysis of Biomaking
Authors: Liukkonen Päivikki , Vartiainen Henriikka , Kokko Sirpa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBiomaking and other bio‐oriented creative approaches are beginning to gain traction in education. Operating at the intersections of arts and sciences, they represent a field of integrative practices that involve creative making with the biological. In educational contexts, however, bio‐oriented creative practices have been studied primarily from hylomorphic perspectives that do not account for the roles of different non‐human organisms or other materials that participate in the processes. Drawing on theories of sociomateriality and material agency, and utilising multispecies microethnography, the paper attends to the specificities of making, makers, materials and artefacts in biomaking. It explores a case of a Finnish upper secondary school workshop implemented as part of the school's art curriculum within a larger educational development initiative. In the workshop, makers engaged with webcap mushrooms to extract, use and experiment with their pigments. The analysis builds on constructed operational sequences of the workshop activities, and a scrutiny of their interconnections, stages and participants. The paper shows how making, emergent artefacts and interplays of makers’ intentions and materialities can instate moments of relationality and learning, and thus build makers’ material awareness of the more‐than‐human organisms around them. The study proposes making with the biological as an attunement to our enmeshment with the environment.
The Effect of Polyethylene Fiber and Flowable Resin Composite on Fracture Resistance in the Restoration of Large MOD Cavities
Authors: Karadağ Gökhan , Erdal Betül 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis in vitro study aims to evaluate the effect of placing polyethylene fibers used in large Class II MOD (mesio‐occlusion‐distal) cavities into different flowable resin composites and in different positions on the fracture resistance of the restoration.Materials and MethodsNinety healthy human molars were used in the study. No treatment was performed on 10 of these teeth and they were used as the control group. The other 80 teeth were divided into 8 groups by opening large MOD cavities (n = 10). The groups were divided into 4 main groups according to the use of fiber strips; no fiber, placed in the buccolingual direction, placed in the mesiodistal direction, and placed in an “O” shape on all walls. Each main group was divided into two subgroups according to the use of the nanofill flowable composite or flowable short fiber resin composite (SFRC) as the base material. All teeth were aged with a thermal cycler and then fractured with a universal testing machine. Fracture types were recorded in terms of fracture strength and repairability. Kruskal–Wallis, one‐way ANOVA, and Tukey post hoc tests were used to compare fracture strength values (p < 0.05).ResultsThe highest fracture resistance was observed in the control group (2888.67 ± 395.43 N). The control group was significantly higher than all groups except the 7th and 8th groups (p < 0.05). Among the restored groups, the highest mean fracture resistance values were observed in the 8th group (2463.92 ± 332.37 N). The 8th group was statistically significantly higher than the 1st and 2nd groups (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between any of the other restored groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsThe application of polyethylene fiber in the treatment of teeth with large MOD cavities in different positions did not result in a significant difference in fracture resistance.
Unsaturated Fatty Acids Are Decreased in Aβ Plaques in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Röhr Dominik , Helfrich Melina , Höring Marcus , Großerüschkamp Frederik , Liebisch Gerhard , Gerwert Klaus 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid‐beta (Aβ) plaques in the brain, contributing to neurodegeneration. This study investigates lipid alterations within these plaques using a novel, label‐free, multimodal approach. Combining infrared (IR) imaging, machine learning, laser microdissection (LMD), and flow injection analysis mass spectrometry (FIA‐MS), we provide the first comprehensive lipidomic analysis of chemically unaltered Aβ plaques in post‐mortem human AD brain tissue. IR imaging revealed decreased lipid unsaturation within plaques, evidenced by a reduction in the alkene (=C‐H) stretching vibration band. The high spatial resolution of IR imaging, coupled with machine learning‐based plaque detection, enabled precise and label‐free extraction of plaques via LMD. Subsequent FIA‐MS analysis confirmed a significant increase in short‐chain saturated lipids and a concomitant decrease in long‐chain unsaturated lipids within plaques compared to the surrounding tissue. These findings highlight a substantial depletion of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) in Aβ plaques, suggesting a pivotal role for lipid dysregulation and oxidative stress in AD pathology. This study advances our understanding of the molecular landscape of Aβ plaques and underscores the potential of lipid‐based therapeutic strategies in AD.image
Differentiated Relational Strategies in Major Supplier Networks: A Blessing or a Curse in Collectivist Cultures?
Authors: Yan Zebin , Yang Zhi , Yang Haibin , Xie En 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTExtant literature highlights the positive performance outcomes of a differentiated supplier management strategy. However, this research presents counterintuitive findings in major supplier networks in a collectivist culture like China. In such contexts, differentiated supplier management strategies may violate the equality principle expected by major suppliers, hindering their collective value creation process and ultimately undermining the buyers' financial performance. Using a combination of survey data, secondary archival data from Chinese manufacturing firms and their major supplier networks, and qualitative triangulation, this research reveals that a buyer's differentiated relational strategy (DRS) in major supplier networks negatively affects its financial performance. The negative effects of a DRS intensify under demand uncertainty but lessen under technological uncertainty. This research reveals a contextualized perspective on differentiated supplier management strategies and enriches the literature on the effects of collectivist cultures in supply chain management.
Population Genomics Reveals Local Adaptation Related to Temperature Variation in Two Stream Frog Species: Implications for Vulnerability to Climate Warming
Authors: Forester Brenna R. , Cicchino Amanda S. , Shah Alisha A. , Mudd Austin B. , Anderson Eric C. , Bredeson Jessen V. , Crawford Andrew J. , Dunham Jason B. , Ghalambor Cameron K. , Landguth Erin L. , Murray Brent W. , Rokhsar Daniel , Funk W. Chris 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIdentifying populations at highest risk from climate change is a critical component of conservation efforts. However, vulnerability assessments are usually applied at the species level, even though intraspecific variation in exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity play a crucial role in determining vulnerability. Genomic data can inform intraspecific vulnerability by identifying signatures of local adaptation that reflect population‐level variation in sensitivity and adaptive capacity. Here, we address the question of local adaptation to temperature and the genetic basis of thermal tolerance in two stream frogs (Ascaphus truei and A. montanus). Building on previous physiological and temperature data, we used whole‐genome resequencing of tadpoles from four sites spanning temperature gradients in each species to test for signatures of local adaptation. To support these analyses, we developed the first annotated reference genome for A. truei. We then expanded the geographic scope of our analysis using targeted capture at an additional 11 sites per species. We found evidence of local adaptation to temperature based on physiological and genomic data in A. montanus and genomic data in A. truei, suggesting similar levels of sensitivity (i.e., susceptibility) among populations regardless of stream temperature. However, invariant thermal tolerances across temperatures in A. truei suggest that populations occupying warmer streams may be most sensitive. We identified high levels of evolutionary potential in both species based on genomic and physiological data. While further integration of these data is needed to comprehensively evaluate spatial variation in vulnerability, this work illustrates the value of genomics in identifying spatial patterns of climate change vulnerability.
The simplicity of physical laws
Authors: Chen Eddy Keming 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPhysical laws are strikingly simple, yet there is no a priori reason for them to be so. I propose that nomic realists—Humeans and non‐Humeans—should recognize simplicity as a fundamental epistemic guide for discovering and evaluating candidate physical laws. This proposal helps resolve several longstanding problems of nomic realism and simplicity. A key consequence is that the presumed epistemic advantage of Humeanism over non‐Humeanism dissolves, undermining a prominent epistemological argument for Humeanism. Moreover, simplicity is shown to be more connected to lawhood than to mere truth.
Quantifying tear exchange during rigid contact lens wear using corneoscleral profilometry: A proof of concept study
Authors: Iqbal Asif , Fisher Damien , Alonso‐Caneiro David , Collins Michael J. , Vincent Stephen J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionTear exchange during contact lens wear is essential for ocular surface integrity, facilitating debris removal, and maintaining corneal metabolism. Fluorophotometry and fluorogram methods are typically used to measure tear exchange, which require hardware modifications to a slit lamp biomicroscope. This manuscript introduces an alternative method using a corneoscleral profilometer, the Eye Surface Profiler (ESP), to quantify tear exchange during corneal and scleral rigid lens wear by assessing fluorescence intensity changes over time.MethodsAs a proof of concept, a healthy participant wore a corneal and a scleral rigid lens on separate days. After lens application, 2% sodium fluorescein was instilled, and ESP images were captured at intervals over a 30‐min period for corneal and a 90‐min period for the scleral lens. Fluorescence intensity data were extracted and analysed using MATLAB, restricted to a region of interest centred on the contact lens. The fluorescence intensity was fitted with an exponential decay curve to quantify tear exchange.ResultsFluorescence intensity decreased over time for both lenses, with a faster decay rate being observed for the corneal lens. The scleral lens showed an initial ingress of fluorescein into the fluid reservoir, then a slow decay in fluorescence intensity due to limited tear exchange. The decay rate for the corneal lens was approximately four times faster than the scleral lens, with the time to reach 50% decay of ~42 min for the corneal lens compared to ~157 min for the scleral lens.ConclusionA new method was developed to quantify tear exchange using a commercially available corneoscleral profilometer, offering a wider field of view than existing techniques. This approach has clinical potential in scleral lens practice for identifying landing zone misalignment and improving the understanding of post‐lens tear dynamics, particularly in cases involving scleral lens modifications or patients experiencing midday fogging.
Factors associated with patient no‐show rates in an academic pain management practice
Authors: Burshtein Aaron , Shekane Paul 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesChronic pain is a debilitating, multifactorial condition. The purpose of this study was to examine patient characteristics of those who did not show up for their scheduled first pain medicine appointment in order to identify factors that may improve access to care.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of 810 patients from a single‐center academic pain management clinic between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2023.ResultsOverall no‐show rate was 57%. There was a mean of 133 days (4.3 months) from scheduling to the appointment date. Patients age ≤ 30 years had the highest no‐show rate (69%), and those ≥81 years had the lowest (49%). Hispanic and Caucasian patients had similar no‐show rates (59% and 57%, respectively) and Asian patients had lower rate (41%). Referral from another specialty had a significantly lower no‐show rate (36% vs. 89%, p < 0.001). The presence of referral (p < 0.001) was a significant predictor of lower no‐show rates. Of the 191 patients with low back pain, internal medicine (38.7%) was the most referring specialty.DiscussionHigh no‐show rates were present particularly among younger patients. Having a referral from another specialty was an independent predictor of lower no‐show rates.
Interplay of Light, Melatonin, and Circadian Genes in Skin Pigmentation Regulation
Authors: Bertolesi Gabriel E. , Debnath Nilakshi , Heshami Neda , Bui Ryan , Zadeh‐Haghighi Hadi , Simon Christoph , McFarlane Sarah 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCircadian regulation of skin pigmentation is essential for thermoregulation, ultraviolet (UV) protection, and synchronization of skin cell renewal. This regulation involves both cell‐autonomous photic responses and non‐cell‐autonomous hormonal control, particularly through melatonin produced in a light‐sensitive manner. Photosensitive opsins, cryptochromes, and melatonin regulate circadian rhythms in skin pigment cells. We studied light/dark cycles and melatonin coordination in melanin synthesis and cell proliferation of Xenopus laevis melanophores. In vivo, tadpole pigmentation shows robust circadian regulation mainly hormone‐driven, in that isolated melanophores respond strongly to melatonin but only slightly to light. Melanophore proliferation is faster in the dark and slower with melatonin as compared to a 12/12 light/dark cycle. Expression of circadian core genes (clock, bmal1, per1, per2, per3, cry1, cry2, and cry4) in melatonin‐treated cells during the light phase mimics dark phase expression. Overexpression of individual Crys did not affect melanization or cell proliferation, likely due to their cooperative actions. Melanin synthesis was inhibited by circadian cycle deregulation through (a) pharmacological inhibition of Cry1 and Cry2 degradation with KL001, (b) continuous light or dark conditions, and (c) melatonin treatment. Our findings suggest that circadian cycle regulation, rather than proliferative capacity, alters melanization of melanophores.
Pollen–pistil interaction in Mauritia flexuosa: structural and cytological aspects provide insight into the reproductive success of a dioecious palm with supra‐annual flowering in a semiarid environment
Authors: Mazzottini‐dos‐Santos H. C. , Ribeiro L. M. , Fonseca P. P. , Azevedo I. F. P. , Souza C. S. , Nunes Y. R. F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The success of pollen–pistil interaction in Mauritia flexuosa (buriti), a palm adapted to the humid ecosystems, ‘veredas’, within the Cerrado, is influenced by intrinsic and environmental factors. Its supra‐annual flowering, dioecy, and adverse climate conditions pose challenges for fertilization, therefore information on floral biology is essential. This study aimed to ascertain stigma receptivity, and elucidate structural, cytochemical, and ultrastructural aspects of the pollen–pistil relationship.

Flowers were analysed at intervals post‐anthesis (hpa) and post‐pollination (hpp). A stigma receptivity test was performed using H2O2 solution. Pistil samples were processed for anatomical, histochemical, and electron microscopy evaluation.

The stigma is wet and papillate type, with subepidermis containing sclerenchyma connected to vascular bundles. Stigma receptivity lasts around 36 hpa. The pollen tube penetrates the papilla at 2 hpp and develops in the symplast, towards the stylar canal. The papillae have loose cell walls that facilitate the secretion and contain a rich population of organelles, including large peroxisomes. Fertilization occurs 24 hpp, and during this period the stigma surface is free of pathogens.

The vascular connection to the pistil surface favours the germination of pollen grains. The pistil has a strong protective system until fertilization occurs. The symplastic growth of the pollen tube in the stigma and the efficient secretory apparatus of the pistil contribute to rapid fertilization. These structural characteristics and secretion dynamics enhance reproduction of buriti, even with supra‐annual flowering and in semiarid conditions.
Cultural uncertainty avoidance predicts consumers’ affective reactions to chemicals
Authors: Martin Christian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractChemicals in general often evoke negative emotions (e.g., worry or fear) in consumers. This can cause consumers to avoid beneficial products and may even lead to suboptimal public policy decisions. It is, therefore, important to better understand how affective reactions to chemicals in general (ARC) form in order to be able to counteract these undesirable effects. The present research contributes to the literature on ARC by studying between‐country differences in ARC. While ARC were negative in all countries in our dataset, there were practically relevant between‐country differences in how negative they were. We predicted and found that consumers in higher uncertainty avoidance (UA) societies reported more negative ARC than their counterparts in lower UA societies. This effect was due to the rule orientation component rather than the anxiety component of UA. Importantly, while we found evidence for several alternative explanations for between‐country variation in ARC (i.e., differences in affluence, individualism, prevalence of chemicals, and trust in consumer protection), the UA effect remained statistically significant when we controlled for other country characteristics. The present research contributes to a better understanding of how contextual factors on the society level influence consumers’ ARC and in doing so advances our understanding of ARC. It also has implications for practitioners who wish to educate consumers on the risks and benefits of chemicals.
The coronavirus outbreak calls for epidemic catastrophe insurance: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Yinghui , Li Jianping , Zhu Xiaoqian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe COVID‐19 shows significant “catastrophe” characteristics. It has put tremendous pressure on various countries’ government finances. A few studies have realized that insurance could be applied in the rescue of catastrophic epidemics to relieve government pressure and improve rescue efficiency. However, most of these studies are based on qualitative analysis, with few quantitative calculations to prove whether it is feasible. Therefore, this article discusses the insurability of epidemic catastrophe insurance and proposes a novel quantitative methodology that measures insurance funds, estimates pandemic‐induced losses, and integrates reinsurance analysis to evaluate its effectiveness. Based on epidemic loss data collected from public information in China, the empirical study shows that China's epidemic catastrophe insurance fund can reach 50 billion yuan 5 years after its establishment and over 120 billion 10 years later, which can cover the losses caused by mild and severe epidemics. The epidemic catastrophe fund is capable of meeting claims requirements and effectively covering epidemics of varying severities. Furthermore, the reinsurance model demonstrates that insurers can transfer risks at a relatively reasonable cost, thereby covering losses from extreme epidemics. The findings reveal the effectiveness of epidemic catastrophe insurance, suggesting that worldwide countries incorporate epidemics into their catastrophe insurance to aid government in responding to future catastrophic epidemics.
A Dynamic Warm-Up Improves Titleist Performance Institute Screen Scores in Adult Golfers
Authors: Skibski Andrew , Vanguri Pradeep , Stout Jeffrey R. , Ingersoll Christopher D. , Mangum L. Colby 
Published: January 2025

Context: Guidelines for various movement assessments often instruct clinicians to conduct testing without a warm-up. Warm-ups are commonly performed to increase heart rate, decrease stiffness, and prepare for sport-specific demands. Since athletes typically complete a warm-up prior to sport participation, evaluating biomechanics in this condition may provide a better indication of their bodies’ physical capabilities. The primary purpose of this study was to compare scores on the Titleist Performance Institute (TPI) screen before and after a dynamic warm-up in adult golfers. Design: Twenty-four adult golfers (19 male/5 female, age 44.0 [15.4] y, height 171.3 [8.6] cm, weight 82.5 [16.3] kg, average 18-hole score 90.7 [10.3] strokes) completed a single-session crossover laboratory study. Methods: Participants completed the TPI screen, which included 15 simple tests scored based on their ability to properly complete the movement. Following a rest and washout period, participants performed a brief dynamic warm-up including exercises for the extremities and trunk, followed by 30 seconds of practice golf swings. Participants immediately retested the TPI screen, following the same procedures. Composite and individual test scores were compared before and after the warm-up with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and r effect sizes at a significance of P ≤ .05. Results: TPI composite scores were significantly higher following the warm-up (median: 36, interquartile range 31/40) than before the warm-up (median: 33, interquartile range 28/36) (P < .001), with a large effect size (r = .81). Conclusions: Our findings suggest a warm-up leads to higher scores on the TPI screen, and that an athlete’s warm-up condition should be considered when interpreting their performance.