bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional risk factor analysis of acute low back pain progressing to chronicity: a longitudinal cohort study protocol
Authors: Huang Yilong , Li Chunli , Chen Jiaxin , Jiang Yuanming , Yang Yingjuan , Yang Juntao , Wang Zhongwei , Zhao Derong , Luo Mingbin , Pu Fushun , Zhang Zhenguang , He Bo 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionApproximately 40% of patients with acute low back pain (LBP) develop chronic low back pain, which significantly increases the risk of poor prognosis. To reduce the risk of acute LBP becoming chronic, effective preventive strategies are needed. Early identification of risk factors for the development of chronic LBP can help clinicians choose appropriate treatment options and improve patient outcomes. However, previous screening tools have not considered medical imaging findings. The aim of this study is to identify factors that can predict the risk of acute LBP becoming chronic based on clinical information, pain and disability assessment, and MRI imaging findings. This protocol describes the methodology and plan for investigating multidimensional risk factors for acute LBP becoming chronic, in order to better understand the development of acute LBP and prevent chronic LBP.MethodsThis is a prospective multicenter study. We plan to recruit 1,000 adult patients with acute low back pain from four centers. In order to select four representative centers, we find the larger hospitals from different regions in Yunnan Province. The study will use a longitudinal cohort design. Patients will undergo baseline assessments upon admission and will be followed up for 5 years to collect the time of chronicity and associated risk factors. Upon admission, patients will be collected detailed demographic information, subjective and objective pain scores, disability scale, and lumbar spine MRI scanning. In addition, patient’s medical history, lifestyle, psychological factors will be collected. Patients will be followed up at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and up for 5 years after admission to collect the time of chronicity and associated factors. Multivariate analysis will be used to explore the multidimensional risk factors affecting the chronicity of acute LBP patients (such as age, gender, BMI, degree of intervertebral disc degeneration, etc.), and survival analysis will be performed to explore the impact of each factor on the time of chronicity.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the institutional research ethics committee of each study center (main center number: 2022-L-305). Results will be disseminated through scientific conferences and peer-reviewed publications, as well as meetings with stakeholders.
Unrecognized diversity and distribution of soil algae from Maritime Antarctica (Fildes Peninsula, King George Island)
Authors: Rybalka Nataliya , Blanke Matthias , Tzvetkova Ana , Noll Angela , Roos Christian , Boy Jens , Boy Diana , Nimptsch Daniel , Godoy Roberto , Friedl Thomas 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionEukaryotic algae in the top few centimeters of fellfield soils of ice-free Maritime Antarctica have many important effects on their habitat, such as being significant drivers of organic matter input into the soils and reducing the impact of wind erosion by soil aggregate formation. To better understand the diversity and distribution of Antarctic terrestrial algae, we performed a pilot study on the surface soils of Meseta, an ice-free plateau mountain crest of Fildes Peninsula, King George Island, being hardly influenced by the marine realm and anthropogenic disturbances. It is openly exposed to microbial colonization from outside Antarctica and connected to the much harsher and dryer ice-free zones of the continental Antarctic. A temperate reference site under mild land use, SchF, was included to further test for the Meseta algae distribution in a contrasting environment.MethodsWe employed a paired-end metabarcoding analysis based on amplicons of the highly variable nuclear-encoded ITS2 rDNA region, complemented by a clone library approach. It targeted the four algal classes, Chlorophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae, Ulvophyceae, and Xanthophyceae, representing key groups of cold-adapted soil algae.ResultsA surprisingly high diversity of 830 algal OTUs was revealed, assigned to 58 genera in the four targeted algal classes. Members of the green algal class Trebouxiophyceae predominated in the soil algae communities. The major part of the algal biodiversity, 86.1% of all algal OTUs, could not be identified at the species level due to insufficient representation in reference sequence databases. The classes Ulvophyceae and Xanthophyceae exhibited the most unknown species diversity. About 9% of the Meseta algae species diversity was shared with that of the temperate reference site in Germany.DiscussionIn the small portion of algal OTUs for which their distribution could be assessed, the entire ITS2 sequence identity with references shows that the soil algae likely have a wide distribution beyond the Polar regions. They probably originated from soil algae propagule banks in far southern regions, transported by aeolian transport over long distances. The dynamics and severity of environmental conditions at the soil surface, determined by high wind currents, and the soil algae’s high adaptability to harsh environmental conditions may account for the high similarity of soil algal communities between the northern and southern parts of the Meseta.
Association of brain morphology and phenotypic profile in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysm
Authors: Li Jianyu , Tan Zeming , Yi Xiaoping , Fu Yan , Zhu Liping , Zeng Feiyue , Han Zaide , Ren Zhanbing , Zhang Yuanchao , Chen Bihong T. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionStudies have found a varying degree of cognitive, psychosocial, and functional impairments in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs), whereas the neural correlates underlying these impairments remain unknown.MethodsTo examine the brain morphological alterations and white matter lesions in patients with UIA, we performed a range of structural analyses to examine the brain morphological alterations in patients with UIA compared with healthy controls (HCs). Twenty-one patients with UIA and 23 HCs were prospectively enrolled into this study. Study assessment consisted of a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan with high-resolution T1-weighted and T2-weighted imaging data, a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and laboratory tests including blood inflammatory markers and serum lipids. Brain MRI data were processed for cortical thickness, local gyrification index (LGI), volume and shape of subcortical nuclei, and white matter lesions.ResultsCompared to the HCs, patients with UIA showed no significant differences in cortical thickness but decreased LGI values in the right posterior cingulate cortex, retrosplenial cortex, cuneus, and lingual gyrus. In addition, decreased LGI values correlated with decreased MoCA score (r = 0.498, p = 0.021) and increased white matter lesion scores (r = −0.497, p = 0.022). The LGI values were correlated with laboratory values such as inflammatory markers and serum lipids. Patients with UIA also showed significant regional atrophy in bilateral thalami as compared to the HCs. Moreover, the LGI values were significantly correlated with thalamic volume in the HCs (r = 0.4728, p = 0.0227) but not in the patients with UIA (r = 0.11, p = 0.6350).DiscussionThe decreased cortical gyrification, increased white matter lesions, and regional thalamic atrophy in patients with UIA might be potential neural correlates of cognitive changes in UIA.
Mapping trends and hotspots of mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease from 2013 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis of global research
Authors: Guo Wang , Hassan Liban Abdulle , Chu Yu-hao , Yang Xue-ping , Wang Sheng-xue , Zhu Han-xiao , Li Yun 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveAlzheimer’s disease (AD), a prevalent neurodegenerative affliction that predominantly affects the elderly population, imposes a substantial burden on not only patients but also their families and society at large. Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in its pathogenesis. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric analysis of research on mitochondrial dysfunction and AD over the past 10 years, with the aim of summarizing current research hotspots and trends in this field.MethodsOn February 12, 2023, we searched for publications about mitochondrial dysfunction and AD in the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2013 to 2022. VOSview software, CiteSpace, SCImago, and RStudio were used to analyze and visualize countries, institutions, journals, keywords, and references.ResultsThe number of publications on mitochondrial dysfunction and AD were on the rise until 2021 and decreased slightly in 2022. The United States ranks first in the number of publications, H-index, and intensity of international cooperation in this research. In terms of institutions, Texas Tech University in the United States has the most publications. TheJournal of Alzheimer’s Diseasehas the most publications in this field of research, whileOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevityhave the highest number of citations. Mitochondrial dysfunction is still an important direction of current research. Autophagy, mitochondrial autophagy, and neuroinflammation are new hotspots. The article from Lin MT is the most cited by analyzing references.ConclusionResearch on mitochondrial dysfunction in AD is gaining significant momentum as it provides a crucial research avenue for the treatment of this debilitating condition. This study sheds light on the present research trajectory concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in AD.
Cognitive impairment in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 and short duration myalgic encephalomyelitis patients is mediated by orthostatic hemodynamic changes
Authors: Day Heather , Yellman Brayden , Hammer Sarah , Rond Candace , Bell Jennifer , Abbaszadeh Saeed , Stoddard Greg , Unutmaz Derya , Bateman Lucinda , Vernon Suzanne D. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionCognitive impairment is experienced by people with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). Patients report difficulty remembering, concentrating, and making decisions. Our objective was to determine whether orthostatic hemodynamic changes were causally linked to cognitive impairment in these diseases.MethodsThis prospective, observational cohort study enrolled PASC, ME/CFS, and healthy controls. All participants underwent clinical evaluation and assessment that included brief cognitive testing before and after an orthostatic challenge. Cognitive testing measured cognitive efficiency which is defined as the speed and accuracy of subject’s total correct responses per minute. General linear mixed models were used to analyze hemodynamics and cognitive efficiency during the orthostatic challenge. Additionally, mediation analysis was used to determine if hemodynamic instability induced during the orthostatic challenge mediated the relationship between disease status and cognitive impairment.ResultsOf the 276 participants enrolled, 256 were included in this study (34 PASC, 71 &lt; 4 year duration ME/CFS, 69 &gt; 10 year ME/CFS duration, and 82 healthy controls). Compared to healthy controls, the disease cohorts had significantly lower cognitive efficiency scores immediately following the orthostatic challenge. Cognitive efficiency remained low for the &gt;10 year ME/CFS 2 and 7 days after orthostatic challenge. Narrow pulse pressure less than 25% of systolic pressure occurred at 4 and 5 min into the orthostatic challenge for the PASC and ME/CFS cohorts, respectively. Abnormally narrow pulse pressure was associated with slowed information processing in PASC patients compared to healthy controls (−1.5, p = 0.04). Furthermore, increased heart rate during the orthostatic challenge was associated with a decreased procedural reaction time in PASC and &lt; 4 year ME/CFS patients who were 40 to 65 years of age.DiscussionFor PASC patients, both their disease state and hemodynamic changes during orthostatic challenge were associated with slower reaction time and decreased response accuracy during cognitive testing. Reduced cognitive efficiency in &lt;4 year ME/CFS patients was associated with higher heart rate in response to orthostatic stress. Hemodynamic changes did not correlate with cognitive impairment for &gt;10 year ME/CFS patients, but cognitive impairment remained. These findings underscore the need for early diagnosis to mitigate direct hemodynamic and other physiological effects on symptoms of cognitive impairment.
Galantamine ameliorates hyperoxia-induced brain injury in neonatal mice
Authors: Zaghloul Nahla , Cohen Naomi S. , Ayasolla Kamesh R. , Li Hsiu-Ling , Kurepa Dalibor , Ahmed Mohamed N. 
Published: June 2023

Graphical abstractGalantamine anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits for neonatal hyperoxic brain injury
Is re-Rex shunt a better choice for patients with failed Rex shunt?
Authors: Wen Zhe , Wang Jieqin , Yang Chao , Liu Tao , Liang Qifeng , Liang Jiankun , Ning Yu , You Fuyu , Bai Xiaoling , Hong Miao 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo review our single-center surgical outcomes of redo operations after failed Rex shunt procedures.MethodsFrom September 2017 to October 2021, a total of 20 patients (11 males, 9 females; median age: 8.6 years) with Rex shunt occlusions were admitted to our hospital. Two of these patients were previously operated on in our hospital, and the remaining 18 were from other centers. All patients underwent repeat operations after detailed preoperative evaluations.ResultsPreoperative wedged hepatic vein portography (WHVP) was conducted for 18 patients. Thirteen patients exhibited well-developed Rex recessus and intrahepatic portal vein during WHPV examination, consistent with the intraoperative exploration results. Fifteen patients (75%, 15/20) underwent redo-Rex shunt, four underwent Warren shunt and one underwent devascularization surgery. During the redo-Rex shunt operations, the left internal jugular veins (IJV) were used as bypass grafts in 11 patients; the intra-abdominal veins were used in 4 patients. The patients were followed up for 12–59 months (mean, 24.8 months). After redo Rex shunts, the grafts were patent in 14 patients (93.3%, 14/15), but 1 graft had thrombosis (6.7%, 1/15). Three patients suffered from postoperative anastomotic stenosis, and all of the stenosis was relieved with balloon dilatations. After re-Rex shunts, esophageal varices and spleen size were substantially reduced, and the platelet count significantly increased. Postoperative graft thrombosis was found in 1 patient after Warren shunt (1/4, 25%), and there was no graft stenosis. Compared with Warren surgery, patients who underwent re-Rex shunt had a significantly higher rate of platelet increase.ConclusionsRedo-rex shunts can be finished in most patients with failed Rex shunts. Re-Rex shunt is a preferred surgical choice after a failed Rex shunt when a good bypass graft is available, and the surgical success rate can reach more than 90%. A suitable bypass graft is essential for a successful redo Rex shunt. Preoperative WHVP is recommended for the design of a redo surgical plan preoperatively.
Immunogenicity, safety and clinical outcomes of the SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Emeksiz Hamdi Cihan , Hepokur Merve Nur , Şahin Sibel Ergin , Şirvan Banu Nursoy , Çiçek Burçin , Önder Aşan , Yıldız Metin , Aksakal Derya Karaman , Bideci Aysun , Ovalı Hüsnü Fahri , İşman Ferruh 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe mRNA-based BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine has been shown to elicit robust systemic immune response and confer substantial protection against the severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19), with a favorable safety profile in adolescents. However, no data exist regarding immunogenicity, reactogenicity and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 vaccines in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this prospective observational cohort study, we examined the humoral immune responses and side effects induced by the BNT162b2 vaccine, as well as, the rate and symptomatology of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections after completion of dual-dose BNT162b2 vaccination in adolescents with T1D and compared their data with those of healthy control adolescents. The new data obtained after the vaccination of adolescents with T1D could guide their further COVID-19 vaccination schedule.MethodsA total of 132 adolescents with T1D and 71 controls were enrolled in the study, of whom 81 COVID-19 infection-naive adolescents with T1D (patient group) and 40 COVID-19 infection-naive controls (control group) were eligible for the final analysis. The response of participants to the BNT162b2 vaccine was assessed by measuring their serum IgG antibodies to the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 4–6 weeks after the receipt of first and second vaccine doses. Data about the adverse events of the vaccine was collected after the receipt of each vaccine dose. The rate of COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections was evaluated in the 6-month period following second vaccination.ResultsAfter vaccinations, adolescents with T1D and controls exhibited similar, highly robust increments in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers. All the participants in the patient and control groups developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers over 1,050 AU/ml after the second vaccine dose which is associated with a neutralizing effect. None of the participants experienced severe adverse events. The rate of breakthrough infections in the patient group was similar to that in the control group. Clinical symptomatology was mild in all cases.ConclusionOur findings suggest that two-dose BNT162b2 vaccine administered to adolescents with T1D elicits robust humoral immune response, with a favorable safety profile and can provide protection against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection similar to that in healthy adolescents.
Design of a nanoscale gold-coated photonic crystal fiber biosensor
Authors: Sarker Sanchita , Vigneswaran Dhasarathan , Studnička Filip 
Published: June 2023

A simple two-layer refractive index sensor based on surface plasmon resonance has been proposed in this work, which evinces high sensitivity for detecting unknown analytes. This sensor design includes hexagonal- and octagonal-shaped air-hole rings, which have been introduced in the first and second layers, respectively. By performing this amalgamation of different types of air holes, this gold-coated plasmonic sensing scheme provides the broad sensing limit of the analyte, which is 1.32–1.40. The sensing performance has been examined by applying the finite element method, which is being used for modeling complex and irregular-shaped geometry. The wavelength interrogation method has demonstrated a maximal wavelength sensitivity of 9,000 nm/RIU (refractive index unit). The maximal amplitude sensitivity of 1902 RIU−1 has been exhibited in the y-polarized mode using the amplitude interrogation method. Moreover, the maximal sensor resolution of 1.11 × 10−5 RIU covers the entire sensing range. Furthermore, by adjusting the air-hole diameter, pitch, and depth of the gold layer coating, many more investigations have been demonstrated in this design. This highly sensitive sensor is very convincing to be used in many applications like chemical, biological, and also in physical sensing analyses.
Anti-NGF treatment worsens subchondral bone and cartilage measures while improving symptoms in floor-housed rabbits with osteoarthritis
Authors: Menges Stephanie , Michaelis Martin , Kleinschmidt-Dörr Kerstin 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder often affecting the knee. It is characterized by alterations of various joint tissues including subchondral bone and by chronic pain. Anti-nerve growth factor (NGF) antibodies have demonstrated improvement in pain associated with OA in phase 3 clinical trials but have not been approved due to an increased risk of developing rapidly progressive OA. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of systemic anti-NGF-treatment on structure and symptoms in rabbits with surgically induced joint instability.Methods: This was elicited by anterior cruciate ligament transection and partial resection of the medial meniscus in right knee of 63 female rabbits, housed altogether in a 56 m2 floor husbandry. Rabbits received either 0.1, 1 or 3 mg/kg anti-NGF antibody intra-venously at weeks 1, 5 and 14 after surgery or vehicle. During in-life phase, static incapacitance tests were performed and joint diameter was measured. Following necropsy, gross morphological scoring and micro-computed tomography analysis of subchondral bone and cartilage were performed.Results: After surgery, rabbits unloaded operated joints, which was improved with 0.3 and 3 mg/kg anti-NGF compared to vehicle injection during the first half of the study. The diameter of operated knee joints increased over contralateral measures. This increase was bigger in anti-NGF treated rabbits beginning 2 weeks after the first IV injection and became dose-dependent and more pronounced with time. In the 3 mg/kg anti-NGF group, the bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness increased in the medio-femoral region of operated joints compared to contralateral and to vehicle-treated animals, while cartilage volume and to a lesser extent thickness decreased. Enlarged bony areas were found in right medio-femoral cartilage surfaces of animals receiving 1 and 3 mg/kg anti-NGF. Alterations of all structural parameters were particularly distinct in a subgroup of three rabbits, which also exhibited more prominent symptomatic improvement.Conclusion: This study showed that anti-NGF administration exerted negative impact on structure in destabilized joints of rabbits, while pain-induced unloading of joints was improved. Our findings open up the possibility to better understand the effects of systemic anti-NGF, particularly on subchondral bone, and thus the occurrence of rapidly progressive OA in patients.
Dimensional personality pathology and disordered eating in young adults: measuring the DSM-5 alternative model using the PID-5
Authors: Gilmartin Tanya Louise , Gurvich Caroline , Dipnall Joanna F. , Sharp Gemma 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is a self-report measure of personality pathology designed to measure pathological personality traits outlined in the DSM-5 alternative model of personality disorders. Within the extensive literature exploring the relationship between personality and disordered eating, there are few that explore the relationship between the PID-5 and disordered eating behaviours in a non-clinical sample of males and females: restrictive eating, binge eating, purging, chewing and spitting, excessive exercising and muscle building.MethodsAn online survey assessed disordered eating, PID-5 traits and general psychopathology and was completed by 394 female and 167 male participants aged 16–30. Simultaneous equations path models were systematically generated for each disordered eating behaviour to identify how the PID-5 scales, body dissatisfaction and age predicted behaviour.ResultsThe results indicated that each of the six disordered behaviours were associated with a unique pattern of maladaptive personality traits. The statistical models differed between males and females indicating possible differences in how dimensional personality pathology and disordered eating relate.DiscussionIt was concluded that understanding disordered eating behaviour in the context of personality pathology may assist formulating potentially risky behaviour.