bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RNA‐Selective Small‐Molecule Ligands: Recent Advances in Live‐Cell Imaging and Drug Discovery
Authors: Chan Ka Hin , Wang Yakun , Zheng Bo‐Xin , Long Wei , Feng Xinxin , Wong Wing‐Leung 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRNA structures, including those formed from coding and noncoding RNAs, alternative to protein‐based drug targets, could be a promising target of small molecules for drug discovery against various human diseases, particularly in anticancer, antibacterial and antivirus development. The normal cellular activity of cells is critically dependent on the function of various RNA molecules generated from DNA transcription. Moreover, many studies support that mRNA‐targeting small molecules may regulate the synthesis of disease‐related proteins via the non‐covalent mRNA‐ligand interactions that do not involve gene modification. RNA‐ligand interaction is thus an attractive approach to address the challenge of “undruggable” proteins in drug discovery because the intracellular activity of these proteins is hard to be suppressed with small molecule ligands. We selectively surveyed a specific area of RNA structure‐selective small molecule ligands in fluorescence live cell imaging and drug discovery because the area was currently underexplored. This state‐of‐the‐art review thus mainly focuses on the research published within the past three years and aims to provide the most recent information on this research area; hopefully, it could be complementary to the previously reported reviews and give new insights into the future development on RNA‐specific small molecule ligands for live cell imaging and drug discovery.
Valence in the eyes: An emotion decoding profile of adults with major depressive disorder and a history of childhood maltreatment
Authors: Nilsson Kristine Kahr , Nygaard Signe , Ebsen Simone , Østergård Ole Karkov 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and childhood maltreatment have been proposed to constitute a subgroup with worse illness course and outcomes. To elucidate a potential social cognitive vulnerability in this subgroup, this study compared the emotion decoding abilities of MDD patients with and without a history of childhood maltreatment.MethodsParticipants with a diagnosis of MDD were recruited from nationwide mental health organizations. Emotion decoding abilities were assessed using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, while childhood maltreatment was measured with the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire.ResultsThe MDD patients with a history of childhood maltreatment exhibited poorer emotion decoding abilities than MDD patients without such past. This difference applied specifically to the decoding of positive and negative emotions, while no group differences emerged for the decoding of neutral emotions. When specific maltreatment types were considered as predictors only emotional neglect was associated with lower emotion decoding abilities. These associations remained when adjusting for demographic and clinical covariates.ConclusionsBy indicating that emotion decoding difficulties characterize the MDD subgroup with childhood maltreatment, the findings highlight a potential vulnerability that merits further examination in terms of its developmental antecedents and prognostic relevance.
Arginine methylation of PPP1CA by CARM1 regulates glucose metabolism and affects osteogenic differentiation and osteoclastic differentiation
Authors: Zhang Lu , Jiao Guangjun , You Yunhao , Li Xiang , Liu Jincheng , Sun Zhenqian , Li Qinghui , Dai Zihan , Ma Jinlong , Zhou Hongming , Li Gang , Meng Chunyang , Chen Yunzhen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe imbalance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts may lead to osteoporosis. Osteoblasts and osteoclasts have different energy requirements, with aerobic glycolysis being the prominent metabolic feature of osteoblasts, while osteoclast differentiation and fusion are driven by oxidative phosphorylation.MethodsBy polymerase chain reaction as well as Western blotting, we assayed coactivator‐associated arginine methyltransferase 1 (CARM1) expression in bone tissue, the mouse precranial osteoblast cell line MC3T3‐E1 and the mouse monocyte macrophage leukaemia cell line RAW264.7, and expression of related genes during osteogenic differentiation and osteoclast differentiation. Using gene overexpression (lentivirus) and loss‐of‐function approach (CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated knockout) in vitro, we examined whether CARM1 regulates osteogenic differentiation and osteoblast differentiation by metabolic regulation. Transcriptomic assays and metabolomic assays were used to find the mechanism of action of CARM1. Furthermore, in vitro methylation assays were applied to clarify the arginine methylation site of PPP1CA by CARM1.ResultsWe discovered that CARM1 reprogrammed glucose metabolism in osteoblasts and osteoclasts from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, thereby promoting osteogenic differentiation and inhibiting osteoclastic differentiation. In vivo experiments revealed that CARM1 significantly decreased bone loss in osteoporosis model mice. Mechanistically, CARM1 methylated R23 of PPP1CA, affected the dephosphorylation of AKT‐T450 and AMPK‐T172, and increased the activities of phosphofructokinase‐1 and pructose‐2,6‐biphosphatase3, causing an up‐regulation of glycolytic flux. At the same time, as a transcriptional coactivator, CARM1 regulated the expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 3, which resulted in the inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and inhibition of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, leading to a subsequent decrease in the flux of oxidative phosphorylation.ConclusionsThese findings reveal for the first time the mechanism by which CARM1 affects both osteogenesis and osteoclast differentiation through metabolic regulation, which may represent a new feasible treatment strategy for osteoporosis.
First record of Risso's dolphin Grampus griseus (Cuvier, 1812) in Icelandic waters
Authors: Chosson Valérie , Randhawa Haseeb S. , Sigurðsson Guðjón M. , Halldórsson Sverrir D. , Björnsson Þorvaldur Þ. , Svansson Vilhjálmur , Granquist Sandra M. , Gunnarsson Karl , Samarra Filipa I. P. , Pampoulie Christophe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn July 2022, two Risso's dolphins were reported stranded in Hrútafjörður (N65° 09,503; W21° 05,529), a fjord in northern Iceland. These events represent the first confirmed observations and strandings of Risso's dolphins in Icelandic waters. Given the uniqueness of these events, a decision was made to conduct full necropsies on these individuals. This study reports findings from viral and parasitological investigations, morphological and fitness measurements, as well as stomach and intestine content analysis for each of the Risso's dolphin specimens. The results of the necropsies do not suggest any other cause of death than lack of food and exhaustion. A large plastic fragment in one individual's stomach supports these suggestions. The presence of those specimens in the middle of the subarctic ocean illustrates ongoing changes in spatial distribution expanding northward, impacting not only Risso's dolphins but more generally marine life and biodiversity.
Alginate/guacamole edible films as moisture barrier layers in multicomponent foods
Authors: de Matos Matheus Carvalho , de Medeiros Jackson Andson , Santos Leticia Bueno , de Azeredo Henriette M. C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn multicomponent foods having both moist and dry components (e.g., pizzas and tacos), moisture migration between components causes undesirable texture changes (e.g., loss of crispiness of the dry component). In this study, different proportions of alginate (film matrix), guacamole (hydrophobic component with sensory appeal), and glycerol (plasticizer) were combined to form edible films to be used as a moisture barrier between moist and dry components of multicomponent foods. Alginate was the component that most contributed to increase the film strength and to reduce its water vapor permeability (WVP). Guacamole, due to the presence of avocado lipids, enhanced the film hydrophobicity, although not having decreased the WVP (as expected), since it promoted discontinuities in the alginate structure. The film with the lowest WVP (containing an alginate/guacamole/glycerol dry mass ratio of 25/60/15) was inserted between nachos and tomato sauce, being able to reduce the crispiness loss of nachos during a 50‐min storage.
Challenges in human centric intelligent systems for wireless sensor networks: A state of art
Authors: Alferaidi Ali , Yadav Kusum , Alharbi Yasser , Alshudukhi Jalawi Sulaiman , Alreshidi Abdulrahman , Alreshidi Eissa Jaber , Kachout Mnaouer , Sharif Md Haidar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHuman centric computing is a technique that is gaining more attention nowadays and integrates innovative processing methods for analyzing extensive data collection. Human centric intelligent systems focus on handling the interactions between customers, companies, communities and systems of computing to represent social and institutional concepts effectively. However, this interaction between the companies and customers will lead to various privacy challenges in human centric intelligent systems. This paper briefly studies cyber‐physical systems and various privacy challenges in human centric intelligent systems. In parallel, this article enunciates the human‐centric pipe water monitoring system framework in detail. It also discusses the smart body area network (SBAN) as a typical example of space cooperation. SBAN employs low‐power wireless devices in a compact form that can be incorporated inside the human body for health monitoring. This study examines the challenges of privacy, propagation, and trust assessment that human‐centric systems face.
Why Aren't Salmon Responding to Habitat Restoration in the Pacific Northwest?
Authors: Bilby Robert E , Currens Ken P , Fresh Kurt L , Booth Derek B , Fuerstenberg Robert R , Lucchetti Gino L 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Declines in populations of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. in the Pacific Northwest have led to listings under the Endangered Species Act. One objective of current recovery efforts is the restoration of freshwater and estuarine habitats, which had been occurring prior to Endangered Species Act listing but increased dramatically afterwards. However, few listed populations are improving. We believe that there are five factors contributing to the lack of population response to habitat restoration: Not enough restoration has been done.We are not doing the right things in the right places at the right times.Ongoing habitat degradation is offsetting restoration benefits.Not enough time has passed.Monitoring has been inadequate to detect changes in Pacific salmon abundance.
All factors contribute to the disappointing progress on Pacific salmon recovery, although their importance varies. Two factors are more consistently significant than the others. Resources available to address habitat damage remain insufficient. The scale of the problem is large, so the response needs to be correspondingly large to yield desired outcomes. Of equal significance is the failure of restoration programs to identify elements controlling fish production. Implementing the right projects in the right places is key to improving the outcomes of restoration.
Investigation of rheological, physicochemical, and sensorial properties of traditional low‐fat Doogh formulated
Authors: Rahmati Fatemeh , Mahjoorian Abbas , Fazeli Fatemeh , Ranjbar Sharagim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDoogh is a fermented beverage made from yoghurt with water and salt. Similarly, drinks based on yoghurt are available in different countries with varying degrees of dilution, fat content, rheological properties, and taste. In this project, the use of mathematical calculations in describing rheological parameters from traditional low‐fat Doogh enriched with Caspian Sea (Huso huso) gelatin (0.4 w/v %), xanthan hydrocolloids (0.4 w/v %), and their mixture at a ratio of 0.2:0.2 w/v % studied. Also, serum isolation, pH, and sensory evaluation of samples were investigated. Also, the relationship between apparent viscosity and temperature of Doogh samples using the Arrhenius equation was studied. The sensory evaluation revealed that the overall acceptance scores of the samples containing gelatin, xanthan, mix, and control were 4.31, 4.33, 4.58, and 4.12, respectively. The study on serum separation value showed control sample (45.07) and mix sample (0.84) at the end of 30 days. On the first day, the pH of the Doogh samples decreased with the addition of hydrocolloids, and this trend was time dependent. pH reduction was higher in Doogh with gelatin than in other samples. Mathematical calculations showed that the low‐fat Doogh is a non‐Newtonian type and shear‐thinning (Pseudoplastic) fluid. The activation energy was calculated between 11.65 and 19.15 kJ/mol. According to the obtained results, it concluded that the use of two hydrocolloid compounds improved the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the low‐fat Doogh samples. Also, the Ostwald‐de Waele mathematical model had a high correlation with the rheological behavior of the samples.
Pulse granuloma presenting as a lateral neck mass: An unusual presentation of a fourth branchial cleft fistula
Authors: Wang Tiffany , Roof Scott , Westra William H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe pulse granuloma (PG) is believed to represent a distinctive foreign body reaction to ingested particles of legumes. Its presentation in the neck is entirely unexpected.MethodsA woman presented with a mass of the lower neck that recurred following incision and drainage. The recurrent mass was found to be associated with an open sinus tract at the apex of the left pyriform sinus. The opening of the sinus tract was closed and the cyst was removed.ResultsHistologic examination of the neck mass showed vegetable material with an associated granulomatous reaction known as PG.ConclusionsThe documentation of a PG arising in the neck would seemingly discredit the legume theory, but it only further supports it. Its association with a fourth branchial cleft cyst provides evidence for the existence of the complete fourth branchial cleft fistula with seeding of ingested material through sinus tract opening.
Boxing Configuration Management – Configuration Change Management Meets the 4‐Box Development Model
Authors: Herzog Erik , Axehill Johanna Wallén , Larsson Åsa Nordling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSystems Engineering and Configuration Management are essential ingredients in development of complex, safety‐critical systems of today. However, our experience within the fighter aircraft industry shows different understanding of how to best manage and control development between the Systems Engineering and Configuration Management communities. This is particularly true when a system is developed incrementally, and where there are multiple concurrent change‐controlled development activities. Using the 4‐box development model as a basis for incremental development, the paper highlights the nature of development planning and Configuration Change Management. Three types of change items are identified, to capture the needs to handle:
1) Long‐term, static changes with a large scope to be agreed with the stakeholders.
2) Short‐term, dynamic changes with small scope for each development team.
3) Short‐term, static changes with a varying scope depending on what is available for integration into a specific product configuration.
Finally, this model of handling changes is exemplified by a toy example, showing the relationships between the changes and flexibility in handling re‐planning during the long‐term development. With the proposed approach, we hope to narrow the gap between the Systems Engineering and Configuration Management communities.
Preserving and Sharing Knowledge – Extending the UAF Security Views with Libraries, Patterns and Profiles
Authors: Adejokun Ademola Peter , Hause Matthew , System Mitchell Brooks , Huang LiGuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractKnowledge and experience are gained during the execution of every project. This knowledge remains in the heads of the engineers, but often is not distributed more widely. In Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) projects, this knowledge can include problem solving techniques, algorithms, libraries of types, patterns, interfaces, components, etc. One of the ways to preserve this knowledge is by creating libraries of these reusable assets. For example, the newest version of Unified Architecture Framework (UAF) included a library developed by Mitre of 1200 different security controls defined in National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard 800‐53r5. These controls can be referenced on projects to mitigate many common security risks. Each defined control can be integrated with the corresponding risks, security metrics, mitigating elements, solutions, and so forth. All these elements could then be used to construct Security Patterns showing risks that the security controls can mitigate as well as abstract solutions that can satisfy these controls. Patterns publicly provided as a curated, searchable, solution set library could be leveraged by projects and augmented over time, preserving their Intellectual Property (IP) and knowledge assets. This paper discusses these concepts and methods and demonstrates how they can be applied to improve system security.
Modeling System Configurations Over Time
Authors: Hause Matthew , Kihlström Lars‐Olof 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the most troublesome and challenging parts of systems engineering is that systems keep changing. Some changes are planned as part of a phased system rollout. Others can occur because of changes in the environment, technology, customer need, unexpected emergent properties, competition, discovered system vulnerabilities, etc. Regardless of why, the systems engineer needs to document these configurations as part of a digital thread leading to physical systems that will be manufactured and installed. When using SysML as part of MBSE, there are advantages and disadvantages regarding the modeling variability using inheritance and other structural modeling techniques. Elements in a so‐called superclass will be inherited by all members. This is advantageous for additive systems but can cause issues when configurations require removal of systems. This paper will examine system configuration over time showing how to model configurations and changes. It will also look at other techniques such as Product Line Engineering (PLE) with OVM and Feature Based Modeling.
Architecting Digital Engineering Requirements for Risk Management & Systems Architecting
Authors: Dubicki Shannon , Gorospe Risa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper describes the risk management and system architecting digital thread within Digital Engineering (DE). It uses a systems engineering methodology that begins at source processes and ultimately provides component‐level requirements that software tools will need to satisfy to provide the risk management and system architecting digital thread capability. The risk management and system architecting digital thread is analyzed throughout each step of the systems engineering methodology. The methodology used is also presented as a way other DE digital threads can be analyzed from source processes to component‐level requirements.
Organizational System Resilience to Disinformation: A Viable Systems Model Exploration
Authors: Caskey Susan , Gunda Thushara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the utility of organizational system modeling frameworks to provide valuable insight into information flows within organizations and subsequently the opportunities for increasing resilience against disinformation campaigns targeting the system's ability to utilize information within its decision making. Disinformation is a growing challenge for many organizations and in recent years has created delay in decision making. The paper has utilized the viable systems model (VSM) to characterize organizational systems and used this approach to outline potential subsystem requirements to promote resilience of the system. The results of this paper can support the development of simulations and models considering the human elements within the system as well as support the development of quantitative measures of resilience.
Case Studies in Disaster: Modern Digital Engineering Methods and Error Detection
Authors: Jugovic Heidi , Swickline Christopher 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe promise of Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) includes the ability to detect potential errors earlier and more accurately. This paper examines whether modern Digital Engineering (DE) techniques could have averted engineering disasters of the past had they been employed at the time. Three case studies are presented: Apollo XIII, Therac‐25, and a modern surface naval system. For each, the nature of the system and the error are discussed, and an abbreviated architectural model is presented, using a style designed for a semi‐automated model syntax analy‐sis technique called validation. A validation suite was executed against the example model to de‐termine if the defect which caused the failure was detected. Practitioners of systems engineering interested will benefit through these technical examples in leveraging MBSE for early develop‐ment defect reduction. Conclusions about which types of defects are detectable using modern MBSE techniques are presented with recommendations for future research.
1. Model‐Based Acquisition (MBAcq): Uniting Government and Industry around a Common Standard
Authors: Hart Laura E , Hause Matthew C 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Digital Engineering Strategy released in June 2018 outlined the DoD's strategic goals which “promote the use of digital artifacts as a technical means of communication across a diverse set of stakeholders.” Ultimately, by involving a variety of perspectives in the design decisions, one can increase quality and speed without increasing risks. “In addition to build, test, field and sustainment of defense systems, emphasis was placed on the acquisition and procurement of systems and the importance of digital engineering. This was further reinforced in the Feb 2022 release of the Engineering of Defense Systems Guidebook which contains Digital Engineering sections in each chapter. The norm for Systems Engineering has become Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) in which models are used at all phases of development. To complete the digital thread from concept to disposal, models will be required for the acquisition phase. This paper will describe Model‐Based Acquisition (MBAcq), and how it can be used to increase clarity for compliance and understanding in Systems and Software Acquisition.” (Hause, Hart, 2022) MBAcq can supplant the use of document‐based specification but only if we come together as an industry to develop and agree upon some standardization. A word of caution, model‐based approaches will only be successful if they are grounded in sound systems engineering practices. The thought process to create the models are as equally important as the resulting models themselves. This paper will discuss the work being done by the OMG MBAcq User Group, which is a broad industry body with participation from INCOSE, Armed Services, OUSD, DoD CIO, NDIA, DAU, FFRDCs and many industry suppliers, such as Boeing, Northrup Grumman, and Lockheed Martin, working together to successfully create both the standardization and guidance to successfully deploy MBAcq to the larger community. Parts of this paper were first published by the authors in (Hause, Hart, 202)