bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Methodological Approach to Measure Linear Trends in Health Inequalities: Proof of Concept With Adolescent Smoking in Europe
Authors: Kuipers Mirte A G , Kang Kaidi , Dragomir Anca D , Monshouwer Karin , Benedetti Elisa , Lombardi Gabriele , Luta George , Kunst Anton E 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe describe a new method for presenting and interpreting linear trends in health inequalities, and present a proof-of-concept analysis of inequalities in smoking among adolescents in Europe. We estimated the regression line of the assumed linear relationship between smoking prevalence in low– and high–socioeconomic status (SES) youth over time. Using simulation, we constructed a 95% confidence interval (CI) for the smoking prevalence in low-SES youth for when this would be 0% in high-SES youth, and we calculated the likelihood of eradicating smoking inequality (&lt;5% for both low and high SES). This method was applied to data on adolescents aged 15–16 years (n = 250,326) from 23 European countries, derived from the 2003–2015 European Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs. Smoking prevalence decreased more slowly among low- than among high-SES adolescents. The estimated smoking prevalence was 9.4% (95% CI: 6.1, 12.7) for boys and 5.4% (95% CI: 1.4, 9.2) for girls with low SES when 0% with high SES. The likelihood of eradicating smoking inequality was &lt;1% for boys and 37% for girls. We conclude that this novel methodological approach to trends in health inequalities is feasible in practice. Applying it to trends in smoking inequalities among adolescents in Europe, we found that Europe is currently not on track to eradicate youth smoking across SES groups.
Short-term Satisfaction, Psychosocial Impact, and Complication Profile of Reduction Mammaplasty During Adolescence
Authors: Payne Samuel H , Brown Ciara A , Saad Omar , Neimanis Sara A , Hatcher Kayla , Brady Colin M , Williams Joseph K , Soldanska Magdalena 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Reduction mammaplasty is an effective and safe treatment option for adults with symptomatic macromastia, but there are few data regarding outcomes in adolescents.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term psychosocial impact, satisfaction, and safety of reduction mammaplasty when performed during adolescence.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed of a single pediatric plastic surgeon's experience with reduction mammaplasty from 2018 to 2021 in patients aged ≤18 years. Patients completed the preoperative and postoperative “Satisfaction with Breasts” and “Psychosocial Well-being” sections of the BREAST-Q survey. Clinical variables gathered included age, weight, BMI, complication profile, specimen resection weight, and follow-up duration.

Results
In total, 41 patients met inclusion criteria. The mean converted Rasch scores for BREAST-Q “Satisfaction with Breasts” and “Psychosocial Well-being” increased significantly following reduction mammaplasty (“Satisfaction with Breasts”: preoperative, 24.1 vs postoperative, 92.6; “Psychosocial Well-being”: preoperative, 37.7 vs postoperative, 90.4; P &lt; .001). Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) was associated with lower preoperative “Psychosocial Well-being” scores (obese, 29.7 vs nonobese, 43.3; P &lt; .001) but a greater improvement in score following surgery (obese, +63.9 vs nonobese, +44.9; P &lt; .001). Specimen weight ≥1000 grams was also associated with greater improvement in score on the “Psychosocial Well-being” section (≥1000 grams, +58 vs &lt;1000 grams, +49.7; P = .046). Overall complication rate was 31.7% while the major complication rate was 2.4%. Mean specimen resection weight was higher in patients who experienced complications (1141.3 grams vs 836.8 grams, P = .008).

Conclusions
Reduction mammaplasty during adolescence predictably improves both short-term satisfaction with breasts and psychosocial well-being while demonstrating a favorable short-term complication profile.

Level of Evidence: 4
HBV-infected hepatocellular carcinoma can be robustly classified into three clinically relevant subgroups by a novel analytical protocol
Authors: Cheng Zhiwei , Li Leijie , Zhang Yuening , Ren Yongyong , Gu Jianlei , Wang Xinbo , Zhao Hongyu , Lu Hui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLiver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for a relatively large proportion of all primary liver malignancies. Among the several known risk factors, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the important causes of HCC. In this study, we demonstrated that the HBV-infected HCC patients could be robustly classified into three clinically relevant subgroups, i.e. Cluster1, Cluster2 and Cluster3, based on consistent differentially expressed mRNAs and proteins, which showed better generalization. The proposed three subgroups showed different molecular characteristics, immune microenvironment and prognostic survival characteristics. The Cluster1 subgroup had near-normal levels of metabolism-related proteins, low proliferation activity and good immune infiltration, which were associated with its good liver function, smaller tumor size, good prognosis, low alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels and lower clinical stage. In contrast, the Cluster3 subgroup had the lowest levels of metabolism-related proteins, which corresponded with its severe liver dysfunction. Also, high proliferation activity and poor immune microenvironment in Cluster3 subgroup were associated with its poor prognosis, larger tumor size, high AFP levels, high incidence of tumor thrombus and higher clinical stage. The characteristics of the Cluster2 subgroup were between the Cluster1 and Cluster3 groups. In addition, MCM2–7, RFC2–5, MSH2, MSH6, SMC2, SMC4, NCPAG and TOP2A proteins were significantly upregulated in the Cluster3 subgroup. Meanwhile, abnormally high phosphorylation levels of these proteins were associated with high levels of DNA repair, telomere maintenance and proliferative features. Therefore, these proteins could be identified as potential diagnostic and prognostic markers. In general, our research provided a novel analytical protocol and insights for the robust classification, treatment and prevention of HBV-infected HCC.
Spatially constrained gene regulation identifies key genetic contributions of preeclampsia, hypertension, and proteinuria
Authors: Boom Genevieve , O’Sullivan Justin M , Schierding William 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) is a relatively common but severe pregnancy disorder (with very limited effective treatments) characterized by hypertension (HTN) and usually proteinuria (PRO) or other organ damage. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of PE, HTN, and PRO have mostly identified risk loci single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in noncoding genomic regions, likely impacting the regulation of distal gene expression. The latest GWAS associated (P &lt; 1 × 10−6) SNPs to PE (n = 25), HTN (n = 1926), and PRO (n = 170). Our algorithmic analysis (CoDeS3D) used chromatin connection data (Hi-C) derived from 70 cell lines followed by analysis of two expression quantitative trail loci (eQTL) cohorts: GTEx (838 donors, 54 tissues, totaling 15 253 samples) and DICE (91 donors, 13 blood tissue types). We identified spatially constrained eQTLs which implicate gene targets in PE (n = 16), HTN (n = 3561), and PRO (n = 335). By overlapping these target genes and their molecular pathways (protein–protein interaction networks), we identified shared functional impacts between PE and HTN, which are significantly enriched for regulatory interactions which target genes intolerant to loss-of-function mutations. While the disease-associated SNP loci mostly do not overlap, the regulatory signals (target genes and pathways) overlap, informing on PE risk mechanisms. This demonstrates a model in which genetic predisposition to HTN and PRO lays a molecular groundwork toward risk for PE pathogenesis. This overlap at the gene regulatory network level identifies possible shared therapeutic targets for future study.
‘The Sane Voice in an Insane Situation’ the Perspective of Arab Social Workers Regarding the Palestinian–Israeli Conflict
Authors: Allassad Alhuzail Nuzha , Mahajne Ibrahim 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Israel’s Arabs are citizens, but they are an ethnic minority and a national minority (Palestinians) in a Jewish-majority state. The decades-long Palestinian–Israeli conflict has erupted in recent years in violent outbursts between Arab and Jewish citizens. April–May 2021 saw severe violence against individuals and businesses on both sides and damage to holy sites. In this context, a qualitative study using in-depth interviews was conducted amongst 15 Arab social workers in Israel (mean age 45, mean experience twenty years), to examine their perspective regarding the Palestinian–Israeli conflict, particularly the April–May civil dispute. The findings revealed that the social workers wanted to be involved as leaders. The findings also revealed the bind in which they find themselves, caught between local government and the committee that represents the country’s Arab citizens, between the demands of the community and the demands of the employer and between their personal values and their professional values. The study makes a theoretical contribution by addressing the need to create a safe space in the workplace so that social workers can discuss the conflict and its ramifications for them. The study may also contribute to the training of social workers and providing a safe space for another narrative.
The neural correlates of emotional conflict monitoring as an early manifestation of affective and cognitive declines in persons with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Chen Yu-Hsin , Chen Chenyi , Jian Hong-Yu , Chen Yu-Chun , Fan Yang-Teng , Yang Chih-Yung , Cheng Yawei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPatients with Type 2 diabetes are known to be more susceptible to experience dementia and depression/anxiety. The neural circuits of emotional conflict monitoring, as indicated by a Stroop task, might become altered in terms of cognitive and affective impairments in diabetes. This study investigated alterations in the emotional conflict monitoring and associations of corresponding brain activities with metabolic parameters in persons with Type 2 diabetes. Participants with normal cognitive and affective functioning, including 40 persons with Type 2 diabetes and 30 non-diabetes control subjects, underwent a functional MRI paradigm with the face-word emotional Stroop task and detailed cognitive and affective assessments, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Compared with the controls, people with diabetes exhibited stronger emotional interference, as indicated by differential reaction times between congruent and incongruent trials (Δcon). Δcon was correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment test scores and fasting glucose levels. People with diabetes demonstrated altered brain activation and functional connectivity in the neural network for emotional conflict monitoring. The neural network for emotional conflict monitoring mediated the association of pancreatic function with anxiety scores as well as the relationship between Δcon and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores. Results suggested that alterations in the neural network underlying emotional conflict monitoring might present before clinically measurable cognitive and affective decrements were apparent, thereby bridging the gap between dementia and anxiety/depression in persons with diabetes.
Zn2+-Loaded adhesive bacterial cellulose hydrogel with angiogenic and antibacterial abilities for accelerating wound healing
Authors: Han Zhengzhe , Deng Lili , Chen Shiyan , Wang Huaping , Huang Yinjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundWound healing is a process that requires angiogenesis and antibacterial activities and it remains a challenge for both experimental and clinical research worldwide. Zn2+ has been reported to be widely involved in angiogenesis and exerts antibacterial effects, making it suitable as a treatment to promote wound healing. Therefore Zn2+-loaded adhesive bacterial cellulose hydrogel was designed to observe its angiogenic and antibacterial abilities in the wound healing process.MethodsThe characterization, tensile strength, swelling behaviors and antibacterial activity of bacterial cellulose/polydopamine/zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (BC/PDA/ZIF8) hydrogels were tested. Cell-Counting-Kit-8 (CCK8), transwell, tube formation and real time qunantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) assays were performed to evaluate the cell compatibility of BC/PDA/ZIF8 hydrogels in vitro. A full-thickness defect wound model and histological assays were used to evaluate the BC/PDA/ZIF8 hydrogels in vivo.ResultsThe prepared BC/PDA/ZIF8 hydrogels exhibited suitable mechanical strength, excellent swelling properties, good tissue adhesion, efficient angiogenic and antibacterial effects and good performance as a physical barrier. In vivo experiments showed that the BC/PDA/ZIF8 hydrogels accelerated wound healing in a full-thickness defect wound model by stimulating angiogenesis.ConclusionsThis study proved that BC/PDA/ZIF8 hydrogels possess great potential for promoting satisfactory wound healing in full-thickness wound defects through antibacterial effects and improved cell proliferation, tissue formation, remodeling and re-epithelialization.
‘If Clodia despised Catullus, you can very well, Dionysus, despise Ariadne’: classical receptions and Roman elegy in Hilda Hilst’s Discontinuous and Remote Ode for Flute and Oboe. From Ariadne to Dionysus (1969)
Authors: Gorab Leme Fernando 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
After her depiction in Catullus 64, Ariadne became a model for the relicta, the abandoned woman. The tapestry that ornamented the wedding of Peleus and Thetis told exactly of her dismay and anger upon learning that Theseus left her. As far as the myth goes, following her abandonment, Dionysus took her as a wife. Modernist Brazilian author Hilda Hilst (1930–2004) revisits this portion of the tale in her cycle of ten poems Discontinuous and Remote Ode for Flute and Oboe. From Ariadne to Dionysus (1969). This introduces the poems as works of reception vis-à-vis the ancient figurations of Ariadne, as well as the context of Hilst’s biography, it analyses them as reimaginations of the Roman elegy, and presents their first complete English translation, all original endeavours. On the surface, Hilst’s Ariadne fashions herself as a learned poet who reads Catullus and rejoices in her abandonment. I argue that upon a closer look, however, this endlessly unrequited woman desires instead union and permanence. Hilst, herself an underappreciated and disreputable figure, unveils Ariadne’s labyrinthic mind as she negotiates her devotion to poetry and her desire for the man she loves, revealing the afterlife of the myth of a heroine who found her own voice.
Multidisciplinary diagnostic approach for fulminant myocarditis related to coronavirus disease 2019 messenger RNA vaccines: a case report
Authors: Fujii Masayoshi , Toba Takayoshi , Fukuyama Yusuke , Tjan Lidya Handayani , Mori Yasuko , Hirata Ken-ichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecent reports have raised serious concerns regarding acute myocarditis related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines. There are only a few reports of fulminant lymphocytic myocarditis that developed after vaccination. Although the diagnostic approach varied among them, no cases with multidisciplinary diagnostic approaches, including cytokine analysis, have been reported.Case summaryA 59-year-old male with no medical history complained of chest pain a day after receiving the first dose of COVID-19 mRNA (BNT162b2) vaccination. On hospital Day 3, he developed a refractory cardiogenic shock and pulseless ventricular tachycardia, requiring mechanical circulatory support secondary to an exacerbation of myocarditis. Based on the clinical course and examination results, including histologic findings showing a diffuse lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate with abundant T cells and macrophages in the myocardium, and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) findings showing a high-intensity signal on the T2-weighted image and late gadolinium enhancement, he was diagnosed with fulminant myocarditis related to COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. His haemodynamic status gradually improved without immunosuppressive or anti-inflammatory therapy, and he was discharged from hospital on Day 47. To investigate the pathogenesis, we performed cytokine analysis, which showed an increase in serum IP-10, MCP-3, and MIG concentrations, suggesting that Th1-type chemokines preferentially promote cellular immunity.DiscussionIn the present case of a patient with fulminant myocarditis following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination diagnosed through histopathological and CMR findings, additional cytokine analysis revealed that elevated levels of cytokines pertaining to Th1 immune response may be involved in disease pathogenesis. A multidisciplinary diagnostic approach is crucial not only to comprehend an individual patient’s condition but also to clarify the disease pathogenesis.
Diagnostic criteria for the hypothalamic syndrome in childhood
Authors: van Santen Hanneke M , van Schaik Jiska , van Roessel Ichelle M A A , Beckhaus Julia , Boekhoff Svenja , Müller Hermann L 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveHypothalamic syndrome (HS) in childhood is a rare condition. Its epidemiology is not well known because incidence and prevalence are related to very rare underlying diseases. In addition, different criteria for the syndrome are used across studies. Recognizing the HS may be difficult, due to its rareness and variety of symptoms. Having diagnostic criteria for signs and symptoms of hypothalamic dysfunction may aid in early recognition and diagnosis, in the reporting and understanding of its etiology, in predicting its course and its management. We aimed to define diagnostic criteria for hypothalamic dysfunction and a score for the presence of HS in childhood.MethodsDiagnostic criteria for hypothalamic dysfunction were developed and subdivided into hyperphagia, hypophagia, body mass index, behavioral problems, sleep disorders, temperature regulation disorders, pituitary dysfunction, radiological hypothalamic assessment, and presence/suspicion of a hypothalamic genetic syndrome. Subsequently, the scoring system was tested in a retrospective cohort of 120 patients at risk for hypothalamic dysfunction.ResultsA score for presence of HS was developed. Using this new hypothalamic score, in total 52.5% were scored as having HS. Of these patients, 76.7% were diagnosed with pituitary dysfunction, 32.5% with hyperphagia, 40% with sleep disorders, and 14.2% with temperature dysregulation. For several criteria, clinical data was missing in more than 50% of cases.ConclusionsThe here proposed diagnostic criteria for hypothalamic dysfunction and score for presence of HS may be used for care purposes and to aid in early recognition. Also it will be useful for research or registration purposes.
Vascular ageing: moving from bench towards bedside
Authors: Climie Rachel E , Alastruey Jordi , Mayer Christopher C , Schwarz Achim , Laucyte-Cibulskiene Agne , Voicehovska Julija , Bianchini Elisabetta , Bruno Rosa-Maria , Charlton Peter H , Grillo Andrea , Guala Andrea , Hallab Magid , Hametner Bernhard , Jankowski Piotr , Königstein Karsten , Lebedeva Anna , Mozos Ioana , Pucci Giacomo , Puzantian Houry , Terentes-Printzios Dimitrios , Yetik-Anacak Gunay , Park Chloe , Nilsson Peter M , Weber Thomas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the largest public health challenges of our time. Identifying individuals at increased cardiovascular risk at an asymptomatic, sub-clinical stage is of paramount importance for minimizing disease progression as well as the substantial health and economic burden associated with overt CVD. Vascular ageing (VA) involves the deterioration in vascular structure and function over time and ultimately leads to damage in the heart, brain, kidney, and other organs. Vascular ageing encompasses the cumulative effect of all cardiovascular risk factors on the arterial wall over the life course and thus may help identify those at elevated cardiovascular risk, early in disease development. Although the concept of VA is gaining interest clinically, it is seldom measured in routine clinical practice due to lack of consensus on how to characterize VA as physiological vs. pathological and various practical issues. In this state-of-the-art review and as a network of scientists, clinicians, engineers, and industry partners with expertise in VA, we address six questions related to VA in an attempt to increase knowledge among the broader medical community and move the routine measurement of VA a little closer from bench towards bedside.
360° Virtual reality to improve patient education and reduce anxiety towards atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Hermans Astrid N L , Betz Konstanze , Verhaert Dominique V M , den Uijl Dennis W , Clerx Kristof , Debie Luuk , Lahaije Marion , Vernooy Kevin , Linz Dominik , Weijs Bob 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsEvaluation of (i) the effects of a virtual reality (VR) preprocedural patient education video on information provision, procedure-related knowledge, satisfaction, and the level of worries in patients planned for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation and (ii) the feasibility of a disposable cardboard VR viewer for home use in this setting.Methods and resultsIn this prospective observational cohort study, patients were alternatively assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the control or VR group. Controls received standard preprocedural information. VR group received standard information and a VR video (via in-hospital VR headset and disposable cardboard). The Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) together with additional questions concerning procedural experience and satisfaction was completed pre- and post-ablation. Of 134 patients [38.1% female, aged 66 (58–72) years] included, 49.2% were assigned to the control and 50.7% to the VR group. The number of patients that worried about the ablation procedure was lower in VR than in control patients (19.1% vs. 40.9%, P = 0.006). More VR females than males had worries about the procedure (34.8% vs. 11.1%, P = 0.026). The number of VR patients that were satisfied with the preprocedural information provision was higher post-ablation than pre-ablation (83.3% vs. 60.4%, P = 0.007). In total, 59.4% reported that the disposable cardboard was easy to use and led to a discussion with relatives in 68.8%.ConclusionIn patients scheduled for AF ablation, a VR preprocedural educational video led to better information provision and procedure-related knowledge, higher satisfaction, and less worries regarding the procedure. The disposable cardboard was feasible for home use.