bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical micro flow cytometry with LSTM and its application in leukocyte differential
Authors: Tan Huiwen , Chen Xiao , Huang Xukun , Chen Deyong , Qin Xuzhen , Wang Junbo , Chen Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper developed an electrical micro flow cytometry to realize leukocyte differentials leveraging a constrictional microchannel and a deep neural network. Firstly, purified granulocytes, lymphocytes or monocytes traveled through the constrictional microchannel with a cross‐sectional area marginally larger than individual cells and produced large impedance variations by blocking focused electric field lines. By optimizing key elements (e.g., normalization, learning rate, batch size and neuron number) of the recurrent neural network (RNN), electrical results of purified leukocytes were analyzed to establish a leukocyte differential system with a classification accuracy of 95.2%. Then the leukocyte mixtures were forced to travel through the same constrictional microchannel, producing mixed impedance profiles which were classified into granulocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes based on the aforementioned differential system. As to the classification results, two leukocyte mixtures from the same donor were processed, producing comparable classification results, which were 57% versus 59% of granulocytes, 37% versus 34% of lymphocytes and 6% versus 7% of monocytes. These results validated the established classification system based on the constrictional microchannel and the recurrent neural network, providing a new perspective of differentiating white blood cells by electrical flow cytometry.
Electrical matrix stimulation suppresses acute itch independently of activation of sleeping nociceptors
Authors: Schwarzenauer M. , Rukwied R. M. , Lampert A. , Rolke R. , Namer B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionItch can be reduced by pain. Activation of sleeping nociceptors (CMi) is a crucial mechanism for the peripheral component of intense and long‐lasting pain. Thus, activation of CMi might be especially effective in itch reduction. Electrical stimulation using sinusoidal pulses activates CMi with tolerable pain intensity, whereas short rectangular pulses with low intensity do not. In humans, histaminergic itch is mediated by histamine‐sensitive CMi, whereas other pruritogens activate polymodal nociceptors (CM).MethodsIn a psychophysical approach in a balanced crossover repeated‐measures design in healthy volunteers, we activated nociceptors by two different electrical stimulation paradigms via a matrix electrode: 4 Hz sinusoidal pulses that activate C‐nociceptors including CMi or 4 Hz rectangular stimuli to activate nociceptors excluding CMi. After 5‐min stimulation, itch was induced by either histamine iontophoresis or application of cowhage spicules. Itch ratings were assessed via a numerical rating scale (NRS).ResultsElectrical 4 Hz sine wave stimulation (0.1 mA) with low pain ratings of 1.5 (NRS; 0–10) induced an axon reflex erythema (3 cm2), indicating activation of CMi, whereas rectangular 0.2 ms pulses (average 0.91 mA) with the same pain rating did not. Both electrical stimulation paradigms reduced itch magnitude over time evoked by either histamine or cowhage to a similar extent. Peak maximum itch evoked by histamine was reduced by both stimulation paradigms, but not cowhage maximum itch.DiscussionSince electrical stimulation with the rectangular pulse paradigm reduces itch to a similar extent as the sine wave stimulation paradigm, the input of CMi is not necessarily required for itch suppression. The input of A‐fibres and polymodal nociceptors, similarly, as also achieved by scratching, seems to be sufficient for both forms of chemically evoked itch.SignificanceSince activation of CMi does not provide additional benefit for itch suppression, spinal pain pathways transmitted via CM versus CMi have differential effects on itch‐processing circuits. This is important knowledge for using electrical matrix stimulation as itch suppressor since activation of sleeping nociceptors either requires significantly painful stimulation paradigms or specialized stimulation paradigms as sinusoidal pulses. An alternative approach using half‐sine wave pulses with low pain intensity activating specifically polymodal nociceptors to suppress itch via matrix electrode stimulation may be considered.
Are cannabidiol (CBD) levels in consumer food products well tested?—A review
Authors: Siddiqui Shahida Anusha , Fidan Hafize , Stankov Stanko , Mehdizadeh Mohammad , Ambartsumov Tigran Garrievich , Kharazmi Mohammad , Singh Shubhra , Jafari Seid Mahdi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere are differing views on cannabis and phytocannabinoid usage in diverse domains of application. This review explores the advantages and drawbacks of using cannabis and phytocannabinoids, including their effects on human health, in addition to highlighting the need for precise and repeatable analytical methods for quantifying controlled phytocannabinoids in consumer cannabidiol (CBD) products and foods. The composition and characteristics of the phytochemicals found in cannabis, the advantages and disadvantages of controlled and uncontrolled phytocannabinoids, and the need for regulation and standardization in the use of cannabis and products containing phytocannabinoids are all covered in this review of the pertinent literature. Cannabinoids used illegally can have negative consequences, but controlled phytocannabinoids found in consumer CBD products are relatively safe and unlikely to cause any adverse effects. It is necessary to restrict the amount of CBD in foods and consumer products in order to ensure safety. To measure the amount of restricted phytocannabinoids in these products, accurate analytical techniques are also required. In order to increase the use of cannabis among consumers, more research is needed to improve our understanding of the bioavailability and metabolic pathways of these compounds. Furthermore, consumers want clear and uniform federal rules governing the amount of CBD in food products in order to ensure correct dosing. To promote safe and responsible use, cannabis and phytocannabinoids must be carefully considered, regulated, and standardized. It is necessary for consumers to have clear, consistent standards governing the percentage of CBD in their food products. As a result, they would know the exact amount of CBD in their products.
Clover microgreen incorporation in diet‐controlled diabetes and counteracted aflatoxicosis of rats
Authors: Aly Tahany A. A. , Mohamed Sara M. , Khattab Marwa S. , Abido Ahmed M. M. , Abdel‐Rahim Emam A. , Al‐Farga Ammar , Sarpong Frederick , Aqlan Faisal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is one of the chronic metabolic diseases whose control remains a challenge. Its increased incidence was mainly attributed to increased environmental contamination. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of feeding clover microgreen (CM) on a diabetes model with or without aflatoxin exposure. Rats were distributed into 8 groups. G1 was a control group. G2 was fed CM. G3 was administered aflatoxin orally. G4 was fed clover and administered aflatoxin. G5 was diabetic rats. G6 was diabetic rats fed CM. G7 was diabetic rats administered aflatoxin. G8 was diabetic rats administered aflatoxin and fed CM. Phytochemical analysis of the CM showed that gardenin was the most common compound. The administration of aflatoxin aggravated diabetes. The groups fed CM showed a decreased glucose concentration compared to the unfed groups. Liver and kidney function parameters were improved by CM. The histopathological alteration of the pancreas, liver, and kidneys was relieved in CM‐fed groups. The area % of insulin in islets of Langerhans was increased in CM‐fed groups. Feeding CM also enhanced the oxidative stress biomarkers. In conclusion, CM improved all evaluated parameters in diabetic rats either exposed to aflatoxin or not compared to the control.
Caregiver preparedness is associated with desire to seek long‐term care admission of hospitalized persons with dementia
Authors: Kuzmik Ashley , BeLue Rhonda , Resnick Barbara , Rodriguez Marleny , Berish Diane , Galvin James E. , Boltz Marie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionHospitalized patients with dementia are more likely to be discharged to long‐term care compared to persons without dementia. Little research has been conducted to examine the associations of caregiver preparedness and strain with desire to seek long‐term care in hospitalized persons with dementia at discharge. The purpose of this study was to examine caregiver preparedness and strain as factors associated with desire to seek long‐term care admission in caregivers of persons with dementia at hospital discharge.MethodsPatient baseline and discharge data, and caregiver discharge data of 424 patient and caregiver dyads from a cluster randomized trial was used. Stepwise multiple linear regression was conducted to examine factors associated with caregiver desire to seek long‐term care.ResultsAfter controlling for caregiver and patient characteristics, lower caregiver preparedness (β = −0.069; p < 0.016) was significantly associated with increased desire to seek long‐term care.DiscussionFindings underscore the need for clinicians and service providers to provide further attention to caregiver preparedness throughout the course of hospitalization.
Nurses' work experiences 5 years after hospital merger in the province of Quebec/Canada—An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Nogues Sarah , Tremblay Diane‐Gabrielle 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, healthcare organisations in North America have undergone major structural changes. In particular, the province of Quebec in Canada adopted a reform in 2015 which led to the merging of healthcare organisations into centralised regional administrations (the ‘CISSS’). As research indicates negative impacts of mergers on patient outcomes and difficulties for the nursing work group in particular, the present paper aims to answer calls for more research about the long‐term effects of major organisational changes on nurses' professional practice and well‐being. We used an exploratory qualitative research design and report on data collected from 42 nursing professionals, ranging from clinical nurses, nurse practitioners, to head nurses and nursing advisors. Drawing on the job demands‐resources model and the person‐environment fit theory, our findings yield three main conclusions regarding the state of nursing practice 5 years after the 2015 reform: (1) emergence of a new demand for work harmonisation; (2) growing gaps in the nursing practice environment across departments; (3) evidence of a structural disempowerment of the nursing practice in healthcare organisations. There is hope that a vast project for practice harmonisation initiated and led by local senior nursing advisors will bring about positive outcomes for the nursing practice, and nurses' overall working conditions in the province.
A stacked ensemble learning and non‐homogeneous hidden Markov model for daily precipitation downscaling and projection
Authors: Jiang Qin , Cioffi Francesco , Conticello Federico Rosario , Giannini Mario , Telesca Vito , Wang Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlobal circulation models (GCMs) are routinely used to project future climate conditions worldwide, such as temperature and precipitation. However, inputs with a finer resolution are required to drive impact‐related models at local scales. The non‐homogeneous hidden Markov model (NHMM) is a widely used algorithm for the precipitation statistical downscaling for GCMs. To improve the accuracy of the traditional NHMM in reproducing spatiotemporal precipitation features of specific geographic sites, especially extreme precipitation, we developed a new precipitation downscaling framework. This hierarchical model includes two levels: (1) establishing an ensemble learning model to predict the occurrence probabilities for different levels of daily precipitation aggregated at multiple sites and (2) constructing a NHMM downscaling scheme of daily amount at the scale of a single rain gauge using the outputs of ensemble learning model as predictors. As the results obtained for the case study in the central‐eastern China (CEC), show that our downscaling model is highly efficient and performs better than the NHMM in simulating precipitation variability and extreme precipitation. Finally, our projections indicate that CEC may experience increased precipitation in the future. Compared with ~26 years (1990–2015), the extreme precipitation frequency and amount would significantly increase by 21.9%–48.1% and 12.3%–38.3%, respectively, by the late century (2075–2100) under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway 585 climate scenario.
State of the science and future directions for research on HIV and cancer: Summary of a joint workshop sponsored by IARC and NCI
Authors: Engels Eric A. , Shiels Meredith S. , Barnabas Ruanne V. , Bohlius Julia , Brennan Paul , Castilho Jessica , Chanock Stephen J. , Clarke Megan A. , Coghill Anna E. , Combes Jean‐Damien , Dryden‐Peterson Scott , D'Souza Gypsyamber , Gopal Satish , Jaquet Antoine , Lurain Kathryn , Makinson Alain , Martin Jeffrey , Muchengeti Mazvita , Newton Robert , Okuku Fred , Orem Jackson , Palefsky Joel M. , Ramaswami Ramya , Robbins Hilary A. , Sigel Keith , Silver Sylvia , Suneja Gita , Yarchoan Robert , Clifford Gary M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn estimated 38 million people live with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) worldwide and are at excess risk for multiple cancer types. Elevated cancer risks in people living with HIV (PLWH) are driven primarily by increased exposure to carcinogens, most notably oncogenic viruses acquired through shared transmission routes, plus acceleration of viral carcinogenesis by HIV‐related immunosuppression. In the era of widespread antiretroviral therapy (ART), life expectancy of PLWH has increased, with cancer now a leading cause of co‐morbidity and death. Furthermore, the types of cancers occurring among PLWH are shifting over time and vary in their relative burden in different parts of the world. In this context, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and the US National Cancer Institute (NCI) convened a meeting in September 2022 of multinational and multidisciplinary experts to focus on cancer in PLWH. This report summarizes the proceedings, including a review of the state of the science of cancer descriptive epidemiology, etiology, molecular tumor characterization, primary and secondary prevention, treatment disparities and survival in PLWH around the world. A consensus of key research priorities and recommendations in these domains is also presented.
Horizontal versus vertical direction of posterior vaginal wall suture after eradication of rectovaginal endometriosis: A multicenter study
Authors: Turco Luigi Carlo , Raimondo Diego , Raffone Antonio , Raimondo Ivano , Vargiu Virginia , Raspollini Arianna , Travaglino Antonio , Tinelli Raffaele , Zanetti Enrico , Ferrandina Gabriella , Seracchioli Renato , Casadio Paolo , Scambia Giovanni , Cosentino Francesco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare safety and effectiveness of two‐different directions of suturing the posterior vaginal breach (horizontal [Ho] vs vertical [Ve]) in women undergoing recto‐vaginal endometriosis (RVE) nodule resection.MethodsA multicenter, retrospective, observational, cohort study was performed including all women of reproductive age undergoing RVE nodule resection between March 2013 and December 2018 at our tertiary centers. Patients included in the present study were divided into two groups based on the direction in suturing the posterior vaginal fornix defect, for comparisons in terms of rate of postoperative complications, pain relief, pain and anatomical recurrence, and length of hospital stay. Univariate comparisons were performed adopting the t test or the Mann–Whitney test for continuous data and the chi‐square test or the Fisher exact test for categorical data, with a significant P value set to <0.05.ResultsA total of 101 women were included: 67 in the Ho‐group and 34 in the Ve‐group. The two groups did not significantly differ in length of hospital stay (6.7 ± 6.9 vs 6.6 ± 3.3 days; P = 0.95), overall postoperative complications (32.8% vs 14.7%; P = 0.05), pain recurrence (35.8% vs 26.5%; P = 0.34) and anatomical recurrence rate (19.4% vs 23.5%; P = 0.62). Conversely, grade III complications were significantly more common in the Ho‐group than in the Ve‐group (22.7% vs 20%, P = 0.009), while pain relief in terms of deep dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria and chronic pelvic pain was more consistent in the Ve‐group patients (P = 0.04, 0.04, 0.05, 0.004, respectively).ConclusionIn symptomatic women undergoing RVE nodule resection, Ho suturing of the vaginal breach appears more commonly associated with severe postoperative complications and a worse pain control.
Developmental and reproductive toxicity hazard characterization of 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol (AMP)
Authors: Garnick Lindsey , Bates Christopher , Massarsky Andrey , Spencer Pamela , Sura Priyanka , Monnot Andrew D. , Maier Andrew 
Published: September 2023

Abstract2‐Amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol (AMP™) is a widely used pH stabilizer in personal care products (PCPs); thus, the safety implications of dermal AMP exposure remain of interest. We have previously reported that exposure to AMP in PCPs when used as intended is not anticipated to result in an increased risk of hepatotoxicity (primarily steatosis and altered phospholipid homeostasis). The current study focuses on AMP in PCP's potential for developmental and reproductive toxicity (DART) in humans, based on data from animal studies. Animal studies suggest that exposure to AMP can result in post‐implantation loss. However, such effects occur at maternally toxic doses, posing a challenge for determining appropriate hazard classifications in the context of relevant consumer use scenarios. Our assessment concluded that human exposure to AMP in PCPs is not anticipated to result in DART at non‐maternally toxic doses. Further, mode of action (MOA) analysis elucidated the potential biological pathways underlying DART effects observed in high‐dose animal studies, such that perturbation of uterine choline synthesis was the most well‐supported MOA hypothesis. Downstream uterine effects might reflect choline‐dependent changes in epigenetic control of pathways important for implantation maintenance and uterine cell energetics. Since AMP‐induced post‐implantation loss occurs at doses higher than pathology related to liver toxicity, maintaining AMP exposures from exceeding the onset dose for maternal liver effects will also be protective of DART effects. Furthermore, dermal exposure to AMP expected from the use of PCPs is highly unlikely to result in toxicologically significant systemic AMP concentrations; thus, DART is not anticipated.
Characterization and biological evaluation of a novel flavonoid‐collagen antioxidant hydrogel with cytoprotective properties
Authors: Nalband Danielle M. , Sarker Prottasha , Khan Saad A. , Freytes Donald O. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical and important role during wound healing but excess ROS at the wound site can lead to cellular damage and sub‐optimal healing. Minimizing oxidative damage to the wound site and any supplemental therapeutic cells can be achieved by delivering exogenous antioxidants. Collagen hydrogels are ideal wound care materials due to their biocompatibility, high water content, and porous, three‐dimensional architecture. Yet, they lack the inherent antioxidant activity that could help mitigate excess ROS at a wound site. This work formulates and evaluates the in vitro biocompatibility and antioxidant capabilities of collagen‐fibroblast hydrogels combined with the polyphenolic antioxidant luteolin. Collagen solutions mixed with luteolin readily assembled into robust hydrogels with increasing gel strength due to increasing concentrations of luteolin. SEM images confirmed a mean pore size of 2.2 μm and a drastically different macromolecular ultrastructure with extensive fine crosslinking relative to collagen. Adequate cell viability and metabolic activity of dermal fibroblasts cultured within the gels were measured across all formulations, resulting in higher antioxidant activity and more than double the protection to cells from oxidative damage than traditional collagen hydrogels. Given these results, luteolin‐collagen hydrogels demonstrate the potential for superior wound‐healing properties when compared to collagen alone.
Dysregulation of MicroRNAs in Adult Osteogenesis Imperfecta: The miROI Study
Authors: Mercier-Guery Alexandre , Millet Marjorie , Merle Blandine , Collet Corinne , Bagouet Flora , Borel Olivier , Sornay-Rendu Elisabeth , Szulc Pawel , Vignot Emmanuelle , Gensburger Deborah , Fontanges Elisabeth , Croset Martine , Chapurlat Roland 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
As epigenetic regulators of gene expression, circulating micro-RiboNucleic Acids (miRNAs) have been described in several bone diseases as potential prognostic markers. The aim of our study was to identify circulating miRNAs potentially associated with the severity of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) in three steps. We have screened by RNA sequencing for the miRNAs that were differentially expressed in sera of a small group of OI patients versus controls and then conducted a validation phase by RT-qPCR analysis of sera of a larger patient population. In the first phase of miROI, we found 79 miRNAs that were significantly differentially expressed. We therefore selected 19 of them as the most relevant. In the second phase, we were able to validate the significant overexpression of 8 miRNAs in the larger OI group. Finally, we looked for a relationship between the level of variation of the validated miRNAs and the clinical characteristics of OI. We found a significant difference in the expression of two microRNAs in those patients with dentinogenesis imperfecta. After reviewing the literature, we found 6 of the 8 miRNAs already known to have a direct action on bone homeostasis. Furthermore, the use of a miRNA-gene interaction prediction model revealed a 100% probability of interaction between 2 of the 8 confirmed miRNAs and COL1A1 and/or COL1A2. This is the first study to establish the miRNA signature in OI, showing a significant modification of miRNA expression potentially involved in the regulation of genes involved in the physiopathology of OI. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).