bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supporting Tertiary Educators: Insights from the COVID-19 Shift to Online Teaching and Learning and the Role of Senior Management
Authors: Sotardi Valerie A. , Brogt Erik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe future of tertiary education grapples with the opportunities, affordances, and limitations of online teaching and learning (T&L), and educators’ valuable insights and experiences can shape and enhance the tertiary sector. The current study provided tertiary educators with an opportunity to anonymously share their online T&L experiences, beliefs, attitudes, and needs in the wake of COVID-19. This dialogue was initiated to promote openness, identify common challenges, and enable tailored resources unique to Aotearoa New Zealand. Our sample comprises 245 educators from 16 tertiary institutions using an online questionnaire to capture their opinions and comments. Although most participants described themselves as confident educators when teaching in a face-to-face environment, they reported comparatively low teacher self-efficacy when teaching online and held mixed attitudes toward online T&L. Educators also reported having poorer wellbeing during the shift to online T&L, and were uneasy about the sub-par quality of learning experiences for their students. In particular, there were broad concerns around the (limited) ability to build meaningful relationships with learners when teaching online, and expressed worry about the potential limitations of online T&L for their respective disciplines. Such concerns may worsen unless tertiary institutions and senior management (1) provide educators with agency, autonomy, and flexibility over how to teach students in their respective courses and qualifications; (2) equip educators with high-quality online T&L resources, training, and professional development, and (3) ensure that educators’ workload is accurate if there are changes to online T&L delivery modes. We include recommendations so that educators can be empowered and support their students.
How Important is Developmental Maturity in Assessing Whether Adolescents Will Share True or False Accounts of a First Offense in Legal Interactions?
Authors: Lavoie Jennifer , Fine Adam D. , Thomas April G. , Frick Paul J. , Steinberg Laurence , Cauffman Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe examined the developmental and situation-specific differences between four groupings of adolescents charged with a first offense: those who committed the crime and told the authorities they committed the crime (true confessors; 71%), those who committed the crime but told the authorities they did not commit the crime (false deniers; 8%), those who did not commit the crime but told the authorities they did commit the crime (false confessors; 12%) and those who did not commit the crime and told the authorities they did not commit the crime (true deniers; 10%). Findings indicate a developmental profile for each respondent grouping, and an overall effect in which adolescents with lower psychosocial maturity tended to have higher perceptions of the legitimacy and fairness of legal authorities. These results suggest that psychosocial maturity is an important factor to bear in mind even from the first legal interactions with officers of the justice system.
Jet Energy Calibration with Deep Learning as a Kubeflow Pipeline
Authors: Holmberg Daniel , Golubovic Dejan , Kirschenmann Henning 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrecise measurements of the energy of jets emerging from particle collisions at the LHC are essential for a vast majority of physics searches at the CMS experiment. In this study, we leverage well-established deep learning models for point clouds and CMS open data to improve the energy calibration of particle jets. To enable production-ready machine learning based jet energy calibration an end-to-end pipeline is built on the Kubeflow cloud platform. The pipeline allowed us to scale up our hyperparameter tuning experiments on cloud resources, and serve optimal models as REST endpoints. We present the results of the parameter tuning process and analyze the performance of the served models in terms of inference time and overhead, providing insights for future work in this direction. The study also demonstrates improvements in both flavor dependence and resolution of the energy response when compared to the standard jet energy corrections baseline.
Facial Regulation During Dyadic Interaction: Interpersonal Effects on Cooperation
Authors: Shore Danielle , Robertson Olly , Lafit Ginette , Parkinson Brian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigated interpersonal effects of regulating naturalistic facial signals on cooperation during an iterative Prisoner’s Dilemma (IPD) game. Fifty pairs of participants played ten IPD rounds across a video link then reported on their own and their partner’s expressed emotion and facial regulation in a video-cued recall (VCR) procedure. iMotions software allowed us to auto-code actors’ and partners’ facial activity following the outcome of each round. We used two-level mixed effects logistic regression to assess over-time actor and partner effects of auto-coded facial activity, self-reported facial regulation, and perceptions of the partner’s facial regulation on the actor’s subsequent cooperation. Actors were significantly less likely to cooperate when their partners had defected on the previous round. None of the lagged scores based on auto-coded facial activity were significant predictors of cooperation. However, VCR variables representing partner’s positive regulation of expressions and actor’s perception of partner’s positive regulation both significantly increased the probability of subsequent actor cooperation after controlling for prior defection. These results offer preliminary evidence about interpersonal effects of facial regulation in interactive contexts and illustrate how dynamic dyadic emotional processes can be systematically investigated in controlled settings.
Malignant hyperthermia in a young man: A case report
Authors: Mkhayel Samar J. , Sarkis Sarine V. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction and Importance
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a hypermetabolic reaction caused by exposure to halogenated volatile anesthetics or succinylcholine. Symptoms include unexplained elevations in end-tidal carbon dioxide and body temperature, muscle rigidity, hemodynamic instability, and electrolyte disturbances. Delayed diagnosis and treatment end up with detrimental consequences.

Case presentation
A 19-year-old healthy patient with a negative surgical history for anesthesia complications presented for an elective otolaryngology surgery. Following a smooth induction of general anesthesia and while maintained on sevoflurane, the patient started having elevation in end-tidal carbon dioxide and body temperature followed by hemodynamic instability. MH reaction was suspected. Dantrolene was directly administered intravenously along with cold physiologic saline. Consequently, body temperature as well as end tidal CO2 gradually decreased; the patient improved hemodynamically. The surgery was completed, and the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit for continuity of care.

Clinical discussion
MH is challenging for both anesthesia and surgical teams as well as for hospitals in general. Although symptoms are non-specific, the diagnosis of MH reaction and the subsequent initiation of treatment with dantrolene should be prompt. As such, hospitals should be logistically prepared for such scenarios. Furthermore, the treating medical team should be trained in advance in order to avoid any possible delay that might result in catastrophic consequences on the patient.

Conclusion
Early recognition and initiation of treatment are important for survival in MH. This can be achieved by proper staff education along with logistical preparedness.

Highlights
Modeling Soybean Planting Decisions with Network Diffusion: Does Herbicide Drift Affect Farmer Profitability and Seed Selection?
Authors: Young Jeffrey S. , McCarty Tanner , Lancaster Sarah , Bish Mandy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractU.S. soybean farmers are currently grappling with dicamba herbicide drift. Using a network diffusion framework that accommodates key features of soybean farmer networks, we estimate the damages incurred from dicamba drift across different regions. Under our baseline assumptions, we estimate an average yield loss of 3% and predict sizable levels of forced switching to dicamba-resistant seed in response to drift. The relative importance of drift on damage and seed choice holds across a range of economic and network assumptions. In the absence of policy, this damage may cause regional adoption rates of dicamba-resistant soybean seed to increase.
Maritime cultural heritage in Morocco: context and perspectives
Authors: Trakadas Athena , Karra Azzedine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractArchaeological research conducted in Morocco over the last two decades has revealed a wealth of diachronic maritime cultural heritage resources, under water and in the coastal zone. However, observation and study has revealed that natural and anthropogenic threats are impacting these resources. Given the challenges to managing maritime cultural heritage (MCH) resources in a country with such an extensive coastline and limited human managerial resources, the national heritage agency and external research institutions have developed methodologies that in part aim at mitigating these threats. This development is illustrated through three projects, briefly outlined here: the Oued Loukkos Survey, the CBDAMM Project and the MarEA Project. These projects incorporate approaches that have been tailored to the Moroccan context, considering the type of resources, the extent of the coastline, types of threats, legislation, and people and institutions involved. In conclusion, this article stresses that an interdisciplinary methodological approach to documentation is necessary in order to inform successful mitigation strategies and to plan for future interventions of MCH.
The Epistemic Projection Approach to Values in Science
Authors: Parker Wendy S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractI develop a novel account of how nonepistemic aims and values can appropriately influence scientific investigation. At its heart is a process of epistemic projection in which a nonepistemic aim or value is mapped to an epistemic research problem that aligns with that aim or value. Choices in research are then justified as a means of solving that research problem. This epistemic projection approach makes research responsive to nonepistemic aims and values yet remains consistent with the value-free ideal; it could be acceptable to parties on both sides of the values-in-science debate. It also promises to be useful in practice.
When does education increase political participation? Evidence from Senegal
Authors: Larreguy Horacio , Liu Shelley X. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe argue that education's effect on political participation in developing democracies depends on the strength of democratic institutions. Education increases awareness of, and interest in, politics, which help citizens to prevent democratic erosion through increased political participation. We examine Senegal, a stable but developing democracy where presidential over-reach threatened to weaken democracy. For causal identification, we use a difference-in-differences strategy that exploits variation in the intensity of a major school reform and citizens’ ages during reform implementation. Results indicate that schooling increases interest in politics and greater support for democratic institutions—but no increased political participation in the aggregate. Education increases political participation primarily when democracy is threatened, when support for democratic institutions among educated individuals is also greater.
Hiring, Firing, Atomizing; Manpower Agencies and Precarious Labor in Kazakhstan's Oil Sector
Authors: Sorbello Paolo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper analyses the influence that manpower agencies have on hiring practices and employment in Kazakhstan's oil sector. While influenced by the literature on transition from planned to market economy, this article's main argument is rooted in the understanding that labor precarization is produced through transnational capitalist practices. The influx of foreign capital through the investments of transnational companies (TNCs) also transplanted into Kazakhstan's labor market their antilabor policies and practices. This welcomed the presence of a new, dedicated actor for the establishment and curation of labor relations, namely manpower agencies, especially in the oil-rich region of Atyrau. This article argues there, the rationale for the presence of manpower agencies and the absence of trade unions is directly linked to the activities of TNCs. Manpower agencies have a decisive role in making employment and labor increasingly precarious in the oil sector. Manpower agencies function as a disaggregation force in the oil industry. Their presence stimulates a race to the bottom among workers, who have no other option but to accept precarious, unsafe, and underpaid jobs. Against this backdrop, the paper also offers a peek into “industrial gossip,” gathered during fieldwork in the Atyrau region. This more anthropological side of the argument highlights how the world of manpower agencies helps TNCs thrive by creating an atomized workforce.
Antarctic Sedimentary Basins and Their Influence on Ice‐Sheet Dynamics
Authors: Aitken A. R. A. , Li L. , Kulessa B. , Schroeder D. , Jordan T. A. , Whittaker J. M. , Anandakrishnan S. , Dawson E. J. , Wiens D. A. , Eisen O. , Siegert M. J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractKnowledge of Antarctica's sedimentary basins builds our understanding of the coupled evolution of tectonics, ice, ocean, and climate. Sedimentary basins have properties distinct from basement‐dominated regions that impact ice‐sheet dynamics, potentially influencing future ice‐sheet change. Despite their importance, our knowledge of Antarctic sedimentary basins is restricted. Remoteness, the harsh environment, the overlying ice sheet, ice shelves, and sea ice all make fieldwork challenging. Nonetheless, in the past decade the geophysics community has made great progress in internationally coordinated data collection and compilation with parallel advances in data processing and analysis supporting a new insight into Antarctica's subglacial environment. Here, we summarize recent progress in understanding Antarctica's sedimentary basins. We review advances in the technical capability of radar, potential fields, seismic, and electromagnetic techniques to detect and characterize basins beneath ice and advances in integrated multi‐data interpretation including machine‐learning approaches. These new capabilities permit a continent‐wide mapping of Antarctica's sedimentary basins and their characteristics, aiding definition of the tectonic development of the continent. Crucially, Antarctica's sedimentary basins interact with the overlying ice sheet through dynamic feedbacks that have the potential to contribute to rapid ice‐sheet change. Looking ahead, future research directions include techniques to increase data coverage within logistical constraints, and resolving major knowledge gaps, including insufficient sampling of the ice‐sheet bed and poor definition of subglacial basin structure and stratigraphy. Translating the knowledge of sedimentary basin processes into ice‐sheet modeling studies is critical to underpin better capacity to predict future change.
Crustal Stresses in the East Arctic Region From New Data on Earthquake Focal Mechanisms
Authors: Filippova A. I. , Melnikova V. I. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEast Arctic is a key region for understanding the current geodynamic pattern and lithospheric evolution of the whole Arctic. To close an evident gap in regional seismic data, we calculate source parameters for 103 earthquakes (Mw ≥ 4.2, 1990–2021) and compile a representative uniform data set including source depths, scalar seismic moments, moment magnitudes, and focal mechanisms. On its basis, crustal stresses are estimated within four blocks with the homogeneous stress field. Extension dominates along the Gakkel Ridge and over most of the Laptev Sea shelf. On the continent and east and west of the shelf, it is replaced by compression. The obtained results indicate that the spreading axis of the Gakkel Ridge does not continue to the Laptev Sea shelf and evidence for the Eurasian–North American plate boundary crosses the eastern Laptev Sea shelf and is likely to pass to the Chersky Range through the Yana Bay.
Understanding the Role of Sea Surface Temperature and Urbanization on Severe Thunderstorms Dynamics: A Case Study in Surabaya, Indonesia
Authors: Sari Fitria Puspita , Manola Iris , Tsiringakis Aristofanis , Steeneveld Gert Jan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWithin the period 2014–2017, five hail events were reported in the city of Surabaya in Indonesia. Although deep convection commonly develops over the Maritime Continent, severe thunderstorms triggering hail events develop less frequently as specific atmospheric conditions are required. The rapid urbanization in Surabaya might have led to increased heat release to the atmosphere and to the deepening of convection, which raises the question of whether urbanization is the culprit of the recent hail events in Surabaya. Hence, for a selected hail event, we used the high‐resolution Weather Research and Forecasting model to understand the storm dynamics and to explore the role of urbanization, sea surface temperature, and aerosol concentration on the storm dynamics with a total of 11 scenarios. The control simulation reveals that low‐level convergence induced by a sea breeze creates instability. At the same time, the urban heat release enhances the energy supply to induce hail formation and retain the storm's lifetime over the city. A factor separation method revealed that the urbanization (added anthropogenic heat flux, urban aerosol, and the rise in building height) and the sea surface temperature increase contribute to the storm enhancement over Surabaya, producing two times higher updraft velocity, doubling the maximum graupel mass mixing ratio and finally resulting in 15%–30% higher accumulated precipitation over Surabaya, compared to the control simulation.
An integrated view of lipid metabolism in ferroptosis revisited via lipidomic analysis
Authors: Kim Jong Woo , Lee Ji-Yoon , Oh Mihee , Lee Eun-Woo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFerroptosis is a form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. This process contributes to cellular and tissue damage in various human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegeneration, liver disease, and cancer. Although polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in membrane phospholipids are preferentially oxidized, saturated/monounsaturated fatty acids (SFAs/MUFAs) also influence lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. In this review, we first explain how cells differentially synthesize SFA/MUFAs and PUFAs and how they control fatty acid pools via fatty acid uptake and β-oxidation, impacting ferroptosis. Furthermore, we discuss how fatty acids are stored in different lipids, such as diacyl or ether phospholipids with different head groups; triglycerides; and cholesterols. Moreover, we explain how these fatty acids are released from these molecules. In summary, we provide an integrated view of the diverse and dynamic metabolic processes in the context of ferroptosis by revisiting lipidomic studies. Thus, this review contributes to the development of therapeutic strategies for ferroptosis-related diseases.
Simulation of catalase-dependent tolerance of microbial biofilm to hydrogen peroxide with a biofilm computer model
Authors: Stewart Philip S. , Owkes Mark 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHydrogen peroxide (HP) is a common disinfectant and antiseptic. When applied to a biofilm, it may be expected that the top layer of the biofilm would be killed by HP, the HP would penetrate further, and eventually eradicate the entire biofilm. However, using the Biofilm.jl computer model, we demonstrate a mechanism by which the biofilm can persist, and even become thicker, in the indefinite treatment with an HP solution at concentrations that are lethal to planktonic microorganisms. This surprising result is found to be dependent on the neutralization of HP by dead biomass, which provides protection for living biomass deeper within the biofilm. Practically, to control a biofilm, this result leads to the concept of treating with an HP dose exceeding a critical threshold concentration rather than a sustained, lower-concentration treatment.
Light-enabled deracemization of cyclopropanes by Al-salen photocatalysis
Authors: Onneken Carina , Morack Tobias , Soika Julia , Sokolova Olga , Niemeyer Niklas , Mück-Lichtenfeld Christian , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Neugebauer Johannes , Gilmour Ryan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrivileged chiral catalysts—those that share common structural features and are enantioselective across a range of reactions—continue to transform the chemical-research landscape1. In recent years, new reactivity modes have been achieved through excited-state catalysis, processes activated by light, but it is unclear if the selectivity of ground-state privileged catalysts can be matched. Although the interception of photogenerated intermediates by ground-state cycles has partially addressed this challenge2, single, chiral photocatalysts that simultaneously regulate reactivity and selectivity are conspicuously scarce3. So far, precision donor–acceptor recognition motifs remain crucial in enantioselective photocatalyst design4. Here we show that chiral Al-salen complexes, which have well-defined photophysical properties, can be used for the efficient photochemical deracemization5 of cyclopropyl ketones (up to 98:2 enantiomeric ratio (e.r.)). Irradiation at λ = 400 nm (violet light) augments the reactivity of the commercial catalyst to enable reactivity and enantioselectivity to be regulated simultaneously. This circumvents the need for tailored catalyst–substrate recognition motifs. It is predicted that this study will stimulate a re-evaluation of many venerable (ground-state) chiral catalysts in excited-state processes, ultimately leading to the identification of candidates that may be considered ‘privileged’ in both reactivity models.
Forced changes in the Pacific Walker circulation over the past millennium
Authors: Falster Georgina , Konecky Bronwen , Coats Sloan , Stevenson Samantha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Pacific Walker circulation (PWC) has an outsized influence on weather and climate worldwide. Yet the PWC response to external forcings is unclear1,2, with empirical data and model simulations often disagreeing on the magnitude and sign of these responses3. Most climate models predict that the PWC will ultimately weaken in response to global warming4. However, the PWC strengthened from 1992 to 2011, suggesting a significant role for anthropogenic and/or volcanic aerosol forcing5, or internal variability. Here we use a new annually resolved, multi-method, palaeoproxy-derived PWC reconstruction ensemble (1200–2000) to show that the 1992–2011 PWC strengthening is anomalous but not unprecedented in the context of the past 800 years. The 1992–2011 PWC strengthening was unlikely to have been a consequence of volcanic forcing and may therefore have resulted from anthropogenic aerosol forcing or natural variability. We find no significant industrial-era (1850–2000) PWC trend, contrasting the PWC weakening simulated by most climate models3. However, an industrial-era shift to lower-frequency variability suggests a subtle anthropogenic influence. The reconstruction also suggests that volcanic eruptions trigger El Niño-like PWC weakening, similar to the response simulated by climate models.