bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presidential partisanship and regulatory review
Authors: Benn Annie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIncreasing partisanship is a well‐studied feature of contemporary American politics, but how that partisanship is reflected in executive‐branch administration is relatively under‐examined. This article addresses this question in the context of centralized regulatory review, exploring existing theories of central clearance as a tool of ideological alignment or as a deregulatory mechanism. I first corroborate Haeder and Yackee's finding that ideological misalignment between the president and promulgating agencies does not affect review outcomes. Additionally, while Haeder and Yackee find that more liberal agencies' rules are changed more often, I instead find that the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) is more likely to request changes under Democratic than under Republican presidents, complicating the possibility of OIRA review as a deregulatory mechanism. These results suggest the need for new theories of the role of regulatory review in the context of the administrative presidency.
People are scarier than ghosts? Workplace haters and knowledge sharing
Authors: Huang Mei‐Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjective.In the workplace, colleague relationship deeply affects employees’ work attitude and behavior, but it is rarely taken seriously. Based on the cognitive‐affective personality system theory and social network theory, this study examined the influence of three common workplace haters (negative gossiper, two‐faced person, and loafer) on employee well‐being and knowledge sharing and explores the moderating effect of organizational social capital. Method.The study used longitudinal design, three‐wave, and 409 valid supervisor–employee pairs (233 direct supervisors and 409 employees) from 10 companies in Taiwan to test these hypothetical relationships. Results. The findings of this study showed that: (1) workplace haters negatively affects employee well‐being; (2) employee well‐being positively affects knowledge sharing; (3) employee well‐being mediates the relationship between workplace haters and knowledge sharing; and (4) organizational social capital moderates the relationship between workplace haters and employee well‐being. Conclusion. The study has important contributions to the literature on workplace haters, coworker interaction, and social capital. Implications for behavioral researchers and human resource managers are discussed.
GeoGraphViz: Geographically constrained 3D force‐directed graph for knowledge graph visualization
Authors: Wang Sizhe , Li Wenwen , Gu Zhining 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKnowledge graphs are a key technique for linking and integrating cross‐domain data, concepts, tools, and knowledge to enable data‐driven analytics. As much of the world's data have become massive in size, visualizing graph entities and their interrelationships intuitively and interactively has become a crucial task for ingesting and better utilizing graph content to support semantic reasoning, discovering hidden knowledge discovering, and better scientific understanding of geophysical and social phenomena. Despite the fact that many such phenomena (e.g., disasters) have clear spatial footprints and geographic properties, their location information is considered only as a textual label in existing graph visualization tools, limiting their capability to reveal the geospatial distribution patterns of the graph nodes. In addition, most graph visualization techniques rely on 2D graph visualization, which constrains the dimensions of information that can be presented and lacks support for graph structure examination from multiple angles. To tackle the above challenges, we developed a novel 3D map‐based graph visualization algorithm to enable interactive exploration of graph content and patterns in a spatially explicit manner. The algorithm extends a 3D force directed graph by integrating a web map, an additional geolocational force, and a force balancing variable that allows for the dynamic adjustment of the 3D graph structure and layout. This mechanism helps create a balanced graph view between the semantic forces among the graph nodes and the attractive force from a geolocation to a graph node. Our solution offers a new perspective in visualizing and understanding spatial entities and events in a knowledge graph.
Co‐expression network analysis of diverse wheat landraces reveals markers of early thermotolerance and a candidate master regulator of thermotolerance genes
Authors: Barratt Liam J. , He Zhesi , Fellgett Alison , Wang Lihong , Mason Simon McQueen , Bancroft Ian , Harper Andrea L. 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYTriticum aestivum L. (bread wheat) is a crop relied upon by billions of people around the world, as a major source of both income and calories. Rising global temperatures, however, pose a genuine threat to the livelihood of these people, as wheat growth and yields are extremely vulnerable to damage by heat stress. Here we present the YoGI wheat landrace panel, comprising 342 accessions that show remarkable phenotypic and genetic diversity thanks to their adaptation to different climates. We quantified the abundance of 110 790 transcripts from the panel and used these data to conduct weighted co‐expression network analysis and to identify hub genes in modules associated with abiotic stress tolerance. We found that the expression of three hub genes, all heat‐shock proteins (HSPs), were significantly correlated with early thermotolerance in a validation panel of landraces. These hub genes belong to the same module, with one (TraesCS4D01G207500.1) being a candidate master‐regulator potentially controlling the expression of the other two hub genes, as well as a suite of other HSPs and heat‐stress transcription factors (HSFs). In this work, therefore, we identify three validated hub genes, the expression of which can serve as markers of thermotolerance during early development, and suggest that TraesCS4D01G207500.1 is a potential master regulator of HSP and HSF expression – presenting the YoGI landrace panel as an invaluable tool for breeders wishing to determine and introduce novel alleles into modern varieties, for the production of climate‐resilient crops.
Development and Predictive Validation of the Brazilian Adductor Performance Test for Estimating the Chance of Hip Adductor Injuries in Elite Soccer Athletes
Authors: de Queiroz Jeffeson Hildo Medeiros , Frota João Paulo , dos Reis Filipe Abdala , de Oliveira Rodrigo Ribeiro 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To develop and validate the Brazilian Adductor Performance Test (BAPT) for predicting hip adductor muscle injuries in elite soccer athletes. Methods: A total of 108 soccer athletes were assessed, followed up for 3 months, and evaluated for a history of adductor injury 6 months before BAPT evaluation. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used as the normality test. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare BAPT scores between injured and uninjured athletes. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify the athletes’ chances of injury based on their BAPT scores. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the cutoff point for the number of repetitions in the BAPT and Spearman bivariate correlation and identify factors potentially related to the test score. Furthermore, the intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine interexaminer agreement. The level of significance was set at 95%. Results: The BAPT scores for hip adductor injury history did not differ significantly (P = .08). A significant deficit was identified in the BAPT scores of the injured athletes at the 3-month follow-up (P = .001). The cutoff point identified was 33 repetitions. Low BAPT scores increased the chance of injury by 20% (odds ratio, 1.20%; P = .001). The interexaminer agreement was .96 (P = .001). Conclusion: BAPT can be used to identify athletes most likely to sustain hip adductor muscle injuries, indirectly reducing the rate of this injury in soccer clubs.
The Effects of 6-Week Training Cessation on Anthropometrics, in-Water Force, Performance, and Kinematics of Young Competitive Swimmers: A Maturity Development Approach
Authors: Santos Catarina C. , Costa Mário J. , Marinho Daniel A. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To examine the effects of 6 weeks of training cessation on young swimmers’ anthropometrics, in-water force, performance, and kinematics according to biological maturation. Methods: Eighteen swimmers (7 girls: 12.43 [0.73] y old; 11 boys: 13.27 [0.79] y old) were assessed pretest and posttest 6 weeks apart. Body mass, stature, arm span, and hand surface area were measured as anthropometric parameters, and biological maturation was estimated (ie, peak height velocity [PHV]). The in-water force was retrieved during 2 bouts of 25-m front crawl, allowing the estimation of the symmetry index. The time to complete the 25-m was considered the performance outcome, whereas velocity, stroke rate, stroke length, stroke index, and arm stroke efficiency were used as kinematic parameters. Results: All anthropometric parameters increased during the detraining period. Although the in-water force remained unchanged, the magnitude of the effects was large for the symmetry index (P = .021; d = 0.87). For the pooled sample, neither performance nor kinematics changed after detraining, but the stroke index increased (P = .054; d = 0.27). Pre-PHV swimmers showed unchanged values in all parameters, despite natural growth. Mid-PHV swimmers showed a similar trend in addition to reductions in stroke rate (P = .040; d = 0.60) and increases in stroke length (P = .043; d = 1.00). Conclusions: In-water force, performance, and kinematics (25-m front crawl) were not impaired after 6 weeks of training cessation in a group of young swimmers. Given interindividual and intraindividual differences according to maturity status, coaches should be aware that distinct trends within the group can be found.
Physical Activity Interventions for Adults Aged 60+ Years in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review
Authors: Cuadra Gabriela , Oliveira Juliana S. , Pinheiro Marina B. , Tiedemann Anne , Sherrington Catherine , Pivotto Luiza , Khalatbari-Soltani Saman , Sharma Sweekriti , Costa Nathalia 
Published: April 2023

Background: Most reviews investigating physical activity interventions for older people consider evidence primarily from high-income countries. This review examined physical activity interventions for older people from low- and middle-income countries. Methods: We searched 9 electronic databases to identify randomized controlled trials or quasi-randomized trials studies investigating physical activity interventions for people aged 60+ in low- and middle-income countries. Following study selection, one reviewer extracted relevant data. A second reviewer double-checked the data extraction of a randomly selected sample of interventions (20%). Data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Results: We included 234 studies from 19 countries, investigating 259 distinct physical activity interventions. Studies were mostly conducted in upper middle-income countries (89%), often assessing physical activity interventions through randomized controlled trials (82%). Most studies investigated a mixed population in terms of sex (68%), with a mean age between 65 and 70 years (36%), not selected on the basis of having a specific health condition (55%). The intervention most commonly investigated was structured exercise (63%) and “no intervention” was the most frequent comparator (47%). The outcomes measured more often were intrinsic capacity (59%) and functional ability (51%), whereas physical activity, falls, and social outcomes were rare. Only 2 studies targeted underserved populations. Conclusion: Although we identified a substantial number of randomized controlled trials, most evidence for physical activity interventions for older people in low- and middle-income countries is limited to upper middle-income countries. Gaps identified included interventions targeting populations with underserved backgrounds, using sport as an intervention, and assessing the impact of physical activity interventions on physical activity, falls, and social outcomes.
Candida albicans Hyphal Morphogenesis within Macrophages Does Not Require Carbon Dioxide or pH-Sensing Pathways
Authors: Wilson Hannah B. , Lorenz Michael C. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

The opportunistic fungal pathogen
Candida albicans
has evolved a variety of mechanisms for surviving inside and escaping macrophages, including the initiation of filamentous growth. Although several distinct models have been proposed to explain this process at the molecular level, the signals driving hyphal morphogenesis in this context have yet to be clarified. Here, we evaluate the following three molecular signals as potential hyphal inducers within macrophage phagosomes: CO
2
, intracellular pH, and extracellular pH. Additionally, we revisit previous work suggesting that the intracellular pH of
C. albicans
fluctuates in tandem with morphological changes
in vitro
. Using time-lapse microscopy, we observed that
C. albicans
mutants lacking components of the CO
2
-sensing pathway were able to undergo hyphal morphogenesis within macrophages. Similarly, a
rim101Δ
strain was competent in hyphal induction, suggesting that neutral/alkaline pH sensing is not necessary for the initiation of morphogenesis within phagosomes either. Contrary to previous findings, single-cell pH-tracking experiments revealed that the cytosolic pH of
C. albicans
remains tightly regulated both within macrophage phagosomes and under a variety of
in vitro
conditions throughout the process of morphogenesis. This finding suggests that intracellular pH is not a signal contributing to morphological changes.
Comparative Analysis of Foliar Diseases of Some Native and Non-Native Tree Species in Belarus and Siberia
Authors: Tomoshevich M. A. , Belomesyatseva D. , Banaev E. V. , Vorob’eva I. G. , Shabashova T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Urban green spaces are known to be subjected to additional anthropogenic stress. Using native plants in monoculture, i.e., planting trees of the same species, may favour disease outbreaks and plant death. Non-native plants to be used in large cities for creating sustainable plantations are being searched for worldwide. Meanwhile, it is necessary to control plant pathogens in the variable conditions of the region and natural habitat. In Siberian cities, non-native European trees are used, and non-native Siberian plants are introduced in Belarus. This article reports long-term observations of foliar fungal pathogens attacking 21 woody plants (19 European, 2 Siberian) in Siberian and Belarusian cities. In both regions, 48 leaf fungal pathogens were detected, with powdery mildew fungi predominating in Belarus and leaf spotting fungi prevailing in Siberia. In both research regions, the greatest number of fungal species was found on Syringa vulgaris L. In Siberia, many pathogens were found on the non-native European plant Berberis vulgaris (9 species) and native plant Caragana arborescens Lam. (8 species). We have not detected the pathogens on European plants: Acer campestre L., Acer platanoides L., Euonymus europaeus L., Lonicera caprifolium L. in urban green areas in Siberia, while we have identified one to four foliar fungal pathogens on these plants in Belarus. To sum up: more pathogens were found on native plants in Siberia and Belarus; some leaf pathogen species (Sawadaea tulasnei (Fuckel) Homma, Erysiphe alphitoides (Griffon & Maubl.) U. Braun & S. Takam., Cladosporium syringae (Oudem.) Montem., Erysiphe syringae Schwein., Erysiphe palczewskii (Jacz.) U. Braun & S. Takam.) followed their host plants (Acer tataricum L., Syringa vulgaris L., Caragana arborescens Lam.) when introduced into new areas; and some local pathogens were also observed to spread to the non-native plants of closely related species.
Maternal depression or anxiety during pregnancy and offspring type 1 diabetes: a population-based family-design cohort study
Authors: Smew Awad I , Lundholm Cecilia , Gong Tong , Sävendahl Lars , Lichtenstein Paul , Brew Bronwyn K , Almqvist Catarina 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionTo investigate the association between maternal depression/anxiety during pregnancy and offspring type 1 diabetes, to assess the specific importance of exposure during pregnancy by comparing across different exposure periods before and/or after pregnancy, and to explore potential unmeasured familial confounding.Research design and methodsThis was a population-based cohort including 1 807 809 offspring born in Sweden 2002–2019. From national registers, data were available on diagnosis or medication prescription for depression/anxiety in and around pregnancy, as well as incident cases of type 1 diabetes defined through diagnosis or insulin treatment. Associations were examined using flexible parametric and Cox regression models. Familial confounding was explored using paternal exposure as a negative control and by comparing offspring exposed to maternal depression/anxiety with their unexposed siblings.ResultsFor exposure during pregnancy, maternal depression/anxiety was associated with an increased risk of offspring type 1 diabetes onset after, but not before, 8 years of age (adjusted HR (aHR) 1.21 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.42]). Exposure occurring only during pregnancy was similarly associated to type 1 diabetes (aHR 1.24 (0.96 to 1.60)), whereas exposure occurring only before pregnancy was not (aHR 0.91 (0.64 to 1.30)). Associations were close to the null for paternal depression/anxiety (aHR 0.95 (0.72 to 1.25)), and point estimates were above 1 in sibling comparisons, although with wide CIs (aHR 1.36 (0.82 to 2.26)).ConclusionsMaternal depression/anxiety specifically during pregnancy seems to be associated with offspring type 1 diabetes. Paternal negative control and sibling comparisons indicate that the results cannot entirely be explained by familial confounding.
Recurrent keratoconus: an analysis of breaks in Bowman’s layer in corneal grafts
Authors: Johns Lynette K , Leon Pia , Cortes-Barrantes Paula , Hanbazazh Mehenaz , Zurakowski David , Dryja Thaddeus P , Ciolino Joseph B 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo study in a masked fashion whether an objective histological feature associated with keratoconus (KCN) occurs in donor corneas in eyes originally receiving a corneal graft for KCN.MethodsTwo ocular pathologists performed a retrospective masked histological analysis of slides from donor buttons recovered from 21 eyes with a history of KCN undergoing repeat penetrating keratoplasty (failed-PK-KCN), 11 eyes that underwent their first PK due to KCN (primary KCN), and 11 eyes without history of KCN which underwent PK for other conditions (failed-PK-non-KCN). Breaks/gaps in Bowman’s layer served as the pathological feature indicative of recurrent KCN.ResultsBreaks in Bowman’s layer were present in 18/21 (86%) of the failed-PK-KCN group, 10/11 (91%) of the primary KCN group, and in 3/11 (27%) of the failed-PK-non-KCN group. Pathological evidence suggests that the prevalence of breaks is significantly higher in grafted patients with a history of KCN than non-KCN controls (OR: 16.0, 95% CI 2.63 to 97.2, Fisher’s exact test p=0.0018) with a conservative Bonferroni criterion of p <0.017 to account for multiple group comparisons. There was no statistically significant difference found between the failed-PK-KCN and primary KCN groups.ConclusionsThis study provides histological evidence that breaks and gaps in Bowman’s layer, consistent with those found in primary KCN, may develop within the donor tissue in eyes with a history of KCN.
Chest pain symptoms during myocardial infarction in patients with and without diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kumar Abhinav , Sanghera Amrit , Sanghera Balpreet , Mohamed Tahira , Midgen Ariella , Pattison Sophie , Marston Louise , Jones Melvyn M 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveChest pain (CP) is key in diagnosing myocardial infarction (MI). Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk of an MI but may experience less CP, leading to delayed treatment and worse outcomes. We compared the prevalence of CP in those with and without DM who had an MI.MethodsThe study population was people with MI presenting to healthcare services. The outcome measure was the absence of CP during MI, comparing those with and without DM. Medline and Embase databases were searched to 18 October 2021, identifying 9272 records. After initial independent screening, 87 reports were assessed for eligibility against the inclusion criteria, quality and risk of bias assessment (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and Newcastle–Ottawa criteria), leaving 22 studies. The meta-analysis followed Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology criteria and reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Pooled ORs, weights and 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effects model.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 232 519 participants from 22 studies and showed an increased likelihood of no CP during an MI for those with DM, compared with those without. This was 43% higher in patients with DM in the cohort and cross-sectional studies (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.26 to 1.62), and 44% higher in case–control studies (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.87).ConclusionIn patients with an MI, patients with DM are less likely than those without to have presentations with CP recorded. Clinicians should consider an MI diagnosis when patients with DM present with atypical symptoms and treatment protocols should reflect this, alongside an increased patient awareness on this issue.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017058223.
Achievement of the ABC goal among Canadians with type 2 diabetes and the influence of physical activity: data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey
Authors: Marcotte-Chénard Alexis , Maréchal René , Ghachem Ahmed , Cohen Alan , Riesco Eléonor 
Published: April 2023

Achieving the three therapeutics targets known as ABC (A1c ≤ 7.0%, LDL-C < 2.0 mmol/L, and resting BP < 130/80 mmHg), limiting sedentary behaviors as well as accumulating a total of 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous aerobic exercise reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes (T2D) individuals. However, more recent data regarding the achievement of ABC over time in Canada is needed and it remains to be determined how sedentary behaviors and physical activity levels can influence its achievement. Analyses were performed using a total of 17 582 individuals (18–79 years) from the 2007–2017 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Sedentary behaviors and physical activity levels were estimated using an accelerometer for a total of 7 consecutive days and quartiles of physical activity were used to categorize individuals. The prevalence of T2D has increased from 2007 to 2017 in the Canadian population (from 4.80% to 8.38%) with a considerable number of undiagnosed patients. The achievement of ABC went from 11.53% [11.49%–11.57%] in 2007 to 14.84% [14.80%–14.89%] in 2017 in T2D individuals. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels were positively but weakly correlated to the achievement of the ABC ( r = 0.044; p = 0.001), while sedentary time and light physical activity were not ( r < −0.014; p = 0.266). Only 8.8% of individuals with the lowest level of MVPA (Q1) reached the ABC while 15.1% of the most active individuals (Q4) reached the triple target. In addition to physical activity, other important factors such as body mass index and medication use should also be considered as modifiable contributing factors.