bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
B-site order/disorder in A2BB′O6 and its correlation with their magnetic property
Authors: Alam Mohd , Chatterjee Sandip 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The disorder in any system affects their physical behavior. In this scenario, we report the possibility of disorder in A2BB′O6 oxides and their effect on different magnetic properties. These systems show anti-site disorder by interchanging B and B′ elements from their ordered position and giving rise to an anti-phase boundary. The presence of disorder leads to a reduction in saturation M and magnetic transition temperature. The disorder prevents the system from sharp magnetic transition which originates short-range clustered phase (or Griffiths phase) in the paramagnetic region just above the long-range magnetic transition temperature. Further, we report that the presence of anti-site disorder and anti-phase boundary in A2BB′O6 oxides give different interesting magnetic phases like metamagnetic transition, spin-glass, exchange bias, magnetocaloric effect, magnetodielectric, magnetoresistance, spin-phonon coupling, etc.
Improved CycleGAN for super-resolution of engineering drawings
Authors: Song Zhiwei , Yao Hui , Tian Dan , Zhan Gaohui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In intelligent manufacturing, the quality of machine translation engineering drawings directly affects manufacturing accuracy. Currently, most engineering drawing translation work is done manually, which greatly reduces production efficiency. This paper proposes an automatic translation method for welded structure engineering drawings based on the Cycle Generative Adversarial Network (CycleGAN). The CycleGAN model of unpaired transfer learning is used to learn the feature mapping of real welding engineering drawings to realize their automatic translation. U-Net and PatchGAN are used as the generator and discriminator, respectively. Based on the idea of removing the identity mapping function, a high-dimensional sparse network is proposed to replace the traditional dense network for the CycleGAN generator in order to improve noise robustness. It is found that increasing the residual block hidden layer increases the resolution of the generated graph. The improved and fine-tuned network models are experimentally validated by computing the gap between real and generated data. The results meet welding engineering precision standards and solve the problem of low drawing recognition efficiency in the welding manufacturing process. After training with our model, the peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity and mean squared error of welding engineering drawings reach about 44.89%, 99.58% and 2.11, respectively, which are superior to the results achieved using traditional networks in terms of both training speed and accuracy.
Acoustic determination of g by tracking a free-falling body using a smartphone as a ‘sonar’
Authors: Marín-Sepúlveda Camila F , Castro-Palacio Juan C , Giménez Marcos H , Monsoriu Juan A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The gravitational constant is determined by tracking the movement of a free-falling body in an aluminium pipe. For this purpose, a smartphone is used to generate sound waves of a specific frequency and to simultaneously detect the sound wave resonances in the tube. The ability of smartphones to generate and receive the sound waves to track a moving body, like a ‘submarine SONAR’ does, is an essential point in this work. Concepts of kinematics and acoustics are combined to determine the gravitational acceleration within 1% when the result is compared with the reported value.
Uni-layer magnets: a new concept for LTS and HTS based superconducting magnets
Authors: Rudeiros Fernández José Luis , Ferracin Paolo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A novel geometrical configuration to form a magnetic field perpendicular to an aperture, created by an asymmetric current distribution, within a single layer, and using a continuous ideal current line, named the uni-layer (UL) magnet, is here presented. The idea is compared to existing concepts in superconducting magnets, namely, the

cos
θ

sector magnet, stress managed

cos
θ

and canted

cos
θ

. The UL magnet allows for a design with a continuous unit length (no layer jump), and an increased minimum bending radius of the conductor in relation to traditional

cos
θ

and canted

cos
θ

designs. The specific characteristics of the UL design are especially advantageous for strain-sensitive and prone to winding degradation high-temperature superconductors, in very high field accelerator magnet applications, in which, high efficiency in the use of conductor, and a small aperture are required. The advantages with regard to the design and fabrication of UL magnets in relation to other concepts are also discussed.
Disordered structures in ultracold spin-imbalanced Fermi gas
Authors: Tüzemen Buğra , Zawiślak Tomasz , Wlazłowski Gabriel , Magierski Piotr 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We investigate properties of spin-imbalanced ultracold Fermi gas in a large range of spin polarizations at low temperatures. We present results of microscopic calculations based on mean-field and density functional theory approaches, with no symmetry constraints. At low polarization values we predict the structure of the system as consisting of several spin-polarized droplets. As the polarization increases, the system self-organizes into a disordered structures similar to liquid crystals, and energetically they can compete with ordered structures such as grid-like domain walls. At higher polarizations the system starts to develop regularities that, in principle, can be called supersolid, where periodic density modulation and pairing correlations coexist. The robustness of the results has been checked with respect to temperature effects, dimensionality, and the presence of a trapping potential. Dynamical stability has also been investigated.
Features of the behavior of quantum fields in media with a negative refractive index as well as waves with negative energy
Authors: Borodikhin V N 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, waves in media with both negative electrical and magnetic permeability and waves of negative energy have been considered together. All conditions have been established under which the propagation of such waves in the corresponding media is possible, taking into account the requirement of the quanta energy positivity. For each of these conditions the direction of the Poynting vector has been established.
Identification of I-mode with ion ITB in NBI-heated plasmas on the HL-2A tokamak
Authors: Liang A.S. , Zou X.L. , Zhong W.L. , Xiao G.L. , Ke R. , He X.X. , Li Z.J. , Jiang M. , Yang Z.C. , Shi P.W. , Wen J. , Xue G.Q. , Zhu Y.R. , Tong R.H. , Yuan B.D. , Yin J. , Liu L.Z. , Yang Z.Y. , Li B. , Chen W. , Yu D.L. , Shi Z.B. , Xu M. , Duan X.R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Improved energy confinement mode (I-mode) has been observed on the HL-2A tokamak. The I-mode features an edge transport barrier (ETB) in electron temperature and a low confinement mode like edge density. A weakly coherent mode (WCM) is observed in the edge region with the frequency of

f
∼
60

−

160

kHz and the poloidal wavenumber of

k
θ

∼
0.5

−

2.5

cm

−
1

. The maximum of WCM amplitude is located near the top of electron temperature pedestal. A critical value of

E
×
B

velocity shear for triggering the L–I transition has been found, and is much lower than that for triggering the L–H transition. Additionally, ion internal transport barrier (ITB) has been observed in the I-mode. The formation of ion ITB is due to the increase of

E
×
B

velocity shear, leading to the suppression of turbulence. Transport analysis further confirms the existence of electron ETB and ion ITB. The coexistence of electron ETB and ion ITB leads to an improved plasma confinement, which is comparable to that in the high confinement mode, suggesting that I-mode with ITB regimes could be an interesting operation scenario for future fusion devices.
Study of Alfvén eigenmode stability in Quasi-Poloidal Stellarator (QPS) plasma using a Landau closure model
Authors: Ortiz J. , Varela J. , Spong D.A. , Garcia L. , Ghai Y. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the linear stability of Alfvén eigenmodes (AE) in the QPS device heated by a tangential neutral beam injector (NBI). The analysis is performed using the gyro-fluid code FAR3d, that solves the reduced MHD equations for the thermal plasma coupled with moments of the kinetic equation for the energetic particles (EP). The AE stability is calculated in several operational regimes of the tangential NBI: EP β between 0.001 and 0.1, EP energy between 12 and 180 keV and different radial locations of the beam. The analysis is performed for vacuum and finite β equilibria as well as QPS configurations with two and three periods. The EP β threshold in the vacuum case is 0.001 and the AE frequency is lower as the energy of the EP population decreases. Toroidal Alfvén eigenmodes with f = 80–120 kHz and elliptical AE between f = 120–350 kHz are triggered between the middle-outer plasma region (

r

/

a
>
0.5

). The AE stability improves in the simulations with finite β equilibria and three period configurations with respect to the vacuum case with two periods because the continuum gaps are slender, leading to a higher threshold of the EP β, above 0.03 for the AEs triggered by the helical mode families. Helical effects are not strong enough to destabilize Helical Alfvén eigenmodes, the AEs with the largest growth rates are triggered by the n = 1 and n = 2 toroidal families.
Wall effect on the start maneuver of a jet swimmer
Authors: Zhu Qiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Inspired by aquatic creatures such as squid, the novel propulsion method based on pulsed jetting is a promising way to achieve high speed and high maneuverability. To study the potential application of this locomotion method in confined space with complicated boundary conditions, it is critical to understand their dynamics in the vicinity of solid boundaries. In this study we numerically examine the start maneuver of an idealized jet swimmer near a wall. Our simulations illustrate three important mechanisms: (1) due to the blocking effect of the wall the pressure inside the body is affected so that the forward acceleration is increased during deflation and decreased during inflation; (2) the wall affects the internal flow so that the momentum flux at the nozzle and subsequently the thrust generation during the jetting phase are slightly increased; (3) the wall affects the wake so that the refilling phase is influenced, leading to a scenario in which part of the energy expended during jetting is recovered during refilling to increase forward acceleration and reduce power expenditure. In general, the second mechanism is weaker than the other two. The exact effects of these mechanisms depend on physical parameters such as the initial phase of the body deformation, the distance between the swimming body and the wall, and the Reynolds number.
Characterisations of the Al-Mn intermetallic phases formed under pulse magnetic fields solidification
Authors: Xiang K , Huang S , Mi J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this research, the pulse electromagnetic fields were applied during the solidification of an Al-8Mn alloy. The changes of the microstructures due to different magnetic pulses applied were characterised using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray tomography. The results show that without the magnetic field, the Al4Mn phases are thin plates in 3D space. At a magnetic field of 0.8T, the Al4Mn phases are transformed into a columnar morphology companied by fine and fragmented Al6Mn particles. At the magnetic flux density of 1.2T, the size of Al4Mn phases become more refined with their orientation gradually aligned towards the direction of the magnetic field, revealing that the pulse electromagnetic fields have a strong effect on the evolution of the Al-Mn phases in Al-8Mn alloy under solidification.
Ultrasonic melt processing upon direct-chill casting of aluminium alloys
Authors: Eskin D G , Subroto T , Priyadarshi A , Beckwith C , Pericleous K , Tzanakis I 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ultrasonic melt processing (USP) has been known for decades for beneficial effects in as-cast aluminium alloys, including degassing, grain and structure refinement. In the last 10 years the authors performed a series of research projects dedicated to understanding the nature of these effects, by dedicated advanced experiments and by developing numerical models that adequately reflect the complicated physics involved, aiming at further optimising the technology so that it becomes feasible for scale-up applications and attractive for industrial use. Based on the main USP mechanisms previously studied by in-situ observations coupled with acoustic pressure measurements, i.e. fragmentation, deagglomeration and dispersion of the solid phases and inclusions, technological approaches are suggested and tested for grain refinement upon direct-chill casting of Al alloys. Results showed that USP in the melt flow in the launder significantly improves the as-cast structure of a billet, opening the way for upscaling.
In-situ experimental investigations of the morphological characteristics of plumes and chimneys formed during the directional solidification of a binary alloy
Authors: Kumar Alok , Kumar Arvind 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The defects such as freckles formed during the directional solidification of binary alloys severely affect the performance of cast products. The phenomenon of freckle formation is strongly influenced by the convective flows generated during solidification. The rejection of solute during the solidification at the solid/liquid interface induces the concentration gradients in the liquid. These concentration gradients in combination with existing temperature gradients, may induce buoyancy-driven convection in the mushy zone (plumes) and the parent liquid region (fingers). As the mushy zone evolves, small chimneys are formed, which leads to the formation of discrete plumes of interdendritic liquid. These plumes have a very complex flow structure which leads to the structural and compositional heterogeneities in the final cast product. The current study is an effort to investigate the morphological characteristics of plumes and chimneys formed during the directional alloy solidification. For this, controlled solidification experiments in a bottom-cooled rectangular cavity with an analogue transparent aqua ammonia system (NH4Cl + 74 wt% H2O) are performed. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), High Speed (HS) imaging and thermocouples temperature measurement techniques are used for real-time measurement of flow field, solidified and mushy zone dynamics and local temperature during the course of solidification. The dynamical nature of plumes is captured and the morphology of chimneys (shape, size, spacings, etc.) and plumes (velocity magnitude, shape, size, etc.) are quantified. The phase-locking with 180° phase difference due to the coupling between nearby plumes is observed. Also, the evolution of double-diffusive layers (DDLs) is captured and the critical value of thermal Rayleigh number for the onset of DDLs is estimated.
Forecasting the steelmaking and casting of a medium manganese steel
Authors: Santillana B. , Rana R. , Burghardt A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The steelmaking and casting of medium Mn steels brings some challenges in the production route because of their high alloying content. In this paper, the evaluation of the casting processes for these steel chemistries is assessed with a set of models and laboratory-scale tests, in order to find possible casting conditions. Results evaluation from this study pointed out to the regular conventional slab casting and hot rolling route, so that it can be produced through a conventional production line.
Effective evaluation of permeability for interdendritic fluid flow using adaptive mesh refinement: Phase-field lattice Boltzmann study
Authors: Mitsuyama Y , Sakane S , Takaki T 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An effective permeability prediction method was developed by applying an adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) scheme to the lattice Boltzmann (LB) simulations to compute interdendritic liquid flow. The developed method can automatically create adaptive meshes for LB simulations based on dendrite morphologies obtained by phase-field (PF) simulations. The AMR scheme drastically reduces the number of grid points and accurately computes the liquid flow around dendrites. We found that the reduction rate of the number of meshes was remarkable when using coarser meshes compared to those used in the PF simulation. This method will enable the systematic evaluation of the permeability for liquid flow in various dendritic structures.
Data assimilation for dendritic solidification with melt convection: phase-field lattice Boltzmann study
Authors: Yamamura Ayano , Sakane Shinji , Ohno Munekazu , Yasuda Hideyuki , Takaki Tomohiro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Time-resolved in-situ X-ray tomography and high-performance phase-field simulations are state-of-the-art approaches to clarifying dendrite solidification. However, major issues persist, such as the insufficiency of spatiotemporal resolution in experiments and lack of material properties in simulations. To overcome these issues, in this study, we developed a data assimilation system using an ensemble Kalman filter based on the phase-field lattice Boltzmann method as a simulation model for the dendrite solidification of binary alloys with liquid flow. The validity of the developed system was confirmed through twin experiments to infer the kinematic viscosity in a two-dimensional dendrite growth problem with forced convection.
2D multi-phase-field lattice Boltzmann simulations of semi-solid shear deformation
Authors: Yamanaka N , Sakane S , Takaki T 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The deformation of solid–liquid coexistence regions strongly affects the formation of solidification defects in casting applications. Thus, understanding the mechanism of semi-solid deformation is crucial. This study used the multi-phase-field lattice Boltzmann model (MPF-LBM), which can simulate polycrystalline solidification with solid motion and liquid flow, to simulate two-dimensional semi-solid shear deformation with various grain shapes and solid fractions. It was concluded that the MPF-LBM could express the characteristic behaviors of semi-solid deformation, such as the Reynolds’ dilatancy and shear band, depending on the grain shape and solid fraction.
Macrosegregation maps in industrial continuous casting low alloyed steel ingots
Authors: Gennesson M , Evrard S , Amhoud Y 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Macrosegregation is a critical defect in industrial steel ingots in both conventional ingot castings and continuous castings. Improvements in terms of macrosegregation require to be able to precisely quantify the intensity and the repartition of macrosegregation along the cast product. However, traditional macrosegregation measurements are a tedious and time consuming process. In this study, three different product lengths of the same caster strand were taken during the same heat. Each sample was cut along the longitudinal central plane of the cast product. One additional transverse section was also cut for one of the sample. Drilling with constant spacing was performed on 50% of the area of longitudinal sections and 25% of the transverse section. Carbon and sulfur contents were then measured on each drilled location. Plotting methodologies to produce chemical maps are carefully described regarding the different parameters such as color map choices and normalization methods. Data for all the characterized sections is compared with each other and the differences are commented with the help of the process parameters.
A self-actuated electrocaloric polymer heat pump design exploiting the synergy of electrocaloric effect and electrostriction
Authors: Chen Xin , Zhu Wenyi , Rattner Alexander S , Zhang Q M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Caloric cooling is an attractive family of technologies owing to their environmental friendliness and potential for higher efficiency than present refrigeration systems. Cooling devices based on the electrocaloric (EC) effect specifically have the added benefit of being easily miniaturized, enabling applications in electronic thermal management, wearables and localized cooling. A challenge in prior compact EC cooling devices has been the need for a separate actuation mechanism to cyclically contact the EC material with hot and cold interfaces. Here, we propose a self-actuated EC polymer heat pump, exploiting recent discoveries of giant EC and electromechanical responses under low electric fields in P(VDF-TrFE-CFE-FA) (VDF: vinylidene fluoride, TrFE: trifluoroethylene, CFE: chlorofluoroethylene, FA: fluorinated alkynes) relaxor tetrapolymers. We show that the transverse electroactuation of P(VDF-TrFE-CFE-FA) relaxor tetrapolymer films can be tailored over a broad range, from strong actuation to weak actuation, without affecting the high EC response. Using this principle, a unimorph actuator was constructed from two EC tetrapolymer layers with large differences in electroactuation. This device autonomously achieves a large displacement between the heating and cooling cycles of the EC films, which could be used to switch thermal contact between hot and cold interfaces. This concept could thus enable highly efficient and compact EC heat pumps.
Dynamic Brillouin cooling for continuous optomechanical systems
Authors: Zhu Changlong , Stiller Birgit 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Up until now, ground state cooling using optomechanical interaction is realized in the regime where optical dissipation is higher than mechanical dissipation. Here, we demonstrate that optomechanical ground state cooling in a continuous optomechanical system is possible by using backward Brillouin scattering while mechanical dissipation exceeds optical dissipation which is the common case in optical waveguides. The cooling is achieved in an anti-Stokes backward Brillouin process by modulating the intensity of the optomechanical coupling via a pulsed pump to suppress heating processes in the strong coupling regime. With such dynamic modulation, a significant cooling factor can be achieved, which can be several orders of magnitude lower than for the steady-state case. This modulation scheme can also be applied to Brillouin cooling generated by forward intermodal Brillouin scattering.