bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Child Health Detection System Along with the Recommendations Using K-Nearest Neighbor Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Khairulisni saniati  , Kridiana Wijayanti  , Kurnianingsih  
Published: July 2023

Background: Children under 5 years of age were very vulnerable to disease. Therefore, child health is one of the main focuses in the health sector. The main triggers for under-five mortality were preventable and treatable diseases. There were 5 diseases mostly experienced by under-five children, namely pneumonia, diarrhea, malaria, measles and malnutrition. In Indonesia, child health detection is still performed manually by midwives using the IMCI cards, but during the Covid-19 pandemic, child health detection is not actively performed. The K-Nearest Neighbor Artificial Intelligence System can be used for child health detection.
Objective: To develop a child health detection system along with the recommendations using k-nearest neighbor artificial intelligence.
Methods: Research and Development (RnD) and system accuracy test. The study subjects involved secondary data of 1000 IMCI register data. Data were tested using the intra-class correlation coefficient and the K-Nearest Neighbor algorithm.
Results: The results of the child health detection system using k-nearest neighbor artificial intelligence obtained a system accuracy rate of 100% and the sick child health recommendation system using k-nearest neighbor artificial intelligence obtained a system accuracy rate of 89.3%. It was proven that k-nearest neighbor artificial intelligence was able to develop a child health detection system along with the recommendations which can be used by parents.
Investigating the adjacent patient radiation dose received during a simulated ward chest X-ray examination
Authors: Langfield Hayley , Lockwood Paul 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: A patient having a chest X-ray will inevitably be exposed to radiation from the primary beam. Using a light beam diaphragm (LBD) on the X-ray tube reduces scattered radiation at the X-ray tube through longitudinal and horizontal collimation. But not scattered secondary radiation resulting from interactions of the primary beam. This study aimed to investigate whether lead protection on simulated hospital ward inpatients (opposite and adjacent to a simulated chest X-ray examination) would change the secondary scattered radiation dose received.
Method: Two rando phantoms (simulated patients) were positioned at different distances from the simulated patient receiving the chest X-ray. The phantoms were positioned one metre adjacent (either side of the phantom being X-rayed) and two metres opposite. The scattered radiation dose to radiosensitive organs (thyroid, breast, and gonads) was recorded using Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLDs). Six exposures were conducted, three with lead protection and three without. The mean radiation dose and standard deviation were compared using a paired two-sample t-test for statistical significance (p>0.05).
Results: The lead protection reduced the radiation dose to the radiosensitive organs by 64%-100% (p=0.51-0.18) one metre adjacent and 65%-100% (p=0.65-0.18) two metres opposite. Noticeably the phantom two metres opposite had substantial individual organ dose reductions due to the distance from the primary beam.
Conclusion: Lead aprons, thyroid collars, and distance reduced the radiation dose to the radiosensitive organs of the surrounding phantoms (simulated patients) from an adjacent chest X-ray examination and present opportunities for dose reduction techniques during ward chest X-ray examinations.
Recombination of endophytic bacteria in asexual plant Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. caused by transplanting
Authors: Xiao Wanting , Zhang Zhanling , Wang Hai , Han Guiqi , Yan Zhu-Yun , He Dongmei 
Published: July 2023

Background
Long-term asexual reproduction can easily lead to the degradation of plant germplasm, serious diseases and insect pests, reduction of production and even catastrophic crop failure. “Mountain Breeding and Dam Cultivation” is the main cultivation mode of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., which successfully avoided the germplasm degradation caused by long-term asexual reproduction. The recombination of endophytic fungi of L. chuanxiong caused by off-site transplantation was considered to be an important reason for its germplasm rejuvenation. However, whether bacteria have the same regularity is not yet known.

Methods
In this study, we carried out the experiment of cultivating propagation materials of L. chuanxiong in different regions and transplanting them to the same region. High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the bacterial communities in L. chuanxiong and its soil.

Results
The results showed that after transplanting, the plant height, tiller number, fresh weight, etc. of L. chuanxiong in mountainous areas were significantly higher than those in dam areas. At the same time, significant changes had taken place in the endophytic bacteria in reproductive material stem nodes (Lingzi, abbreviated as LZ). The diversity and abundance of bacteria in dam area LZ (YL) are significantly higher than those in mountainous area LZ (ML). The relative abundance of bacteria such as Xanthobacteraceae, Micromonosporaceae, Beijerinkiaceae, Rhodanobacteria, in ML is significantly higher than YL, mainly classified in Proteobateria and Actinobacteriota. In addition, the abundance advantage of Actinobacteriota still exists in MY (underground mature rhizomes obtained by ML). Meanwhile, the bacterial community was different in different area of transplanting. The diversity of bacterial communities in dam soil (YLS) is significantly higher than that in mountain soil (MLS). MLS had more Acidobacteriota than YLS. Comparative analysis showed that 74.38% of bacteria in ML are found in MLS, and 87.91% of bacteria in YL are found in YLS.

Conclusions
We can conclude that the community structure of endophytic bacteria recombined after the transplantation of L. chuanxiong, which was related to the bacterial community in soils. Moreover, after transplanting in mountainous areas, LZ accumulated more potentially beneficial Actinobacteriota, which may be an important reason for promoting the rejuvenation of germplasm in L. chuanxiong. However, this hypothesis requires more specific experiments to verify. This study provided a new idea that off-site transplanting may be a new strategy to restore vegetative plant germplasm resources.
Dapagliflozin-affected endothelial dysfunction and altered gut microbiota in mice with heart failure
Authors: Bao Nandi , Liu Xiaoli , Zhong Xiaoling , Jia Shuangshuang , Hua Ning , Zhang Li , Mo Guoxin 
Published: July 2023

Aim
To investigate the potential microbiome profile of a mouse model with heart failure (HF) during dapagliflozin treatment.

Method
An HF model was constructed in 8-week-old male mice, and cardiac tissues were analyzed using histological staining. Hemodynamic indexes were measured, and fecal samples were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing. Chao1, Shannon, and Simpson were used for α-diversity analysis. b-Diversity analysis was conducted using principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) based on the Bray–Curtis distance. Linear discriminant analysis coupled with effect size measurements (LEfSe) was used to identify signature gut microbiota, and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) was used to predict the function of altered gut microbiota.

Result
Dapagliflozin treatment reduced inflammation, infarction area, and cardiac fibrosis in HF mice. It also increased endothelial-dependent dilation and inflammation in mice with HF. Dapagliflozin decreased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, which was increased in HF mice. There was no significant statistical difference in α-diversity among the control, HF, and HF+dapagliflozin groups. Desulfovibrio, AF12, and Paraprevotella were enriched in HF+dapagliflozin, while Rikenella and Mucispirillum were enriched in HF based on LEfSe. KEGG analysis revealed that altered gut microbiota was associated with fermentation, amino acid biosynthesis, nucleoside and nucleotide biosynthesis/degradation, fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis, carbohydrate biosynthesis/degradation, and cofactor/prosthetic group/electron carrier/vitamin biosynthesis.

Conclusion
Understanding the microbiome profile helps elucidate the mechanism of dapagliflozin for HF. The signature genera identified in this study could be used as a convenient method to distinguish between HF patients and healthy individuals.
Utilization of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive donors in liver transplantation for recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective and propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Chen Zhitao , Ma Yihao , Dong Yuqi , Chen Chuanbao , Wang Hanyu , Wang Tielong , Yu Jia , Hong Xitao , Chen Maogen , He Xiaoshun , Ju Weiqiang 
Published: July 2023

Introduction
The use of extended criteria donor (ECD) grafts such as donor with infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a potential solution for organ shortage. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety and long-term survival of utilization of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive (HBsAg+) donor livers in HCC patients using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis.

Methods
Forty-eight donors with HBsAg-positive and 279 donors with HBsAg-negative were transplanted and enrolled in this study. PSM analysis were used to eliminate selection bias. Perioperative data and survival were collected and analyzed.

Results
PSM generated 44 patient pairs. When comparing intra- and post-operative data, no significant difference was found between groups (P > 0.05). Patients with a HBsAg-positive donor had significantly worse progression-free survival (1-year: 65.9% vs. 90.9%; 3-year: 18.1% vs. 70.4%, P = 0.0060) and overall survival (1-year: 84.1% and 95.4%; 3-year: 27.2% vs. 79.5%, P = 0.0039). In multivariate analysis, donor HBsAg-positivity was an independent risk factor for survival and occurrence (P = 0.005 and 0.025, respectively).

Conclusion
In conclusion, with adequate antiviral prophylaxis and treatment, utilization of HBsAg positive liver grafts did not increase the incidence of early-stage complications. However, patient with an HBsAg-positive graft had poorer progression-free survival and overall survival.
Effect of finger rest positions on upper limb muscle activity during pre-clinical procedures
Authors: Margato Pazos Júlia , Segnini Tiberti Mariana , Cecilio Hallak Regalo Simone , Nordi Dovigo Lívia , Garcia Patricia Petromilli Nordi Sasso 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
This study aimed to observe the effect of different finger rest positions on the muscular activity of the hand, forearm, arm, shoulder, thorax, and neck, as well as on the angular deviation from the neutral position of the neck, trunk, upper arm, and forearm on the working side during pre-clinical procedures.

Methods
An experimental laboratory study was performed. Response variables were muscle activation of the abductor pollicis, brachioradialis, biceps brachii, deltoid, pectoralis major, and right sternocleidomastoid muscles and angular deviation from the neutral position of the neck, trunk, arm, and forearm during simulated clinical procedures. Independent variable was finger-rest position during cavity preparation (no finger rest, usual rest, and ergonomic rest). Class I cavity preparations (N = 120) were performed on artificial first molars (16, 26, 36, and 46) (N = 120). Muscular activation was assessed by surface electromyography and angular deviations using Software for Postural Assessment (SAPO) version 0.69. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s or Games-Howell’s post-hoc tests were performed (α = 0.05).

Results
For the sternocleidomastoid muscle, there was no statistically significant difference between the different rest positions. For the deltoid muscle, work with no finger rest resulted in greater muscle activation (p < 0.001) during work on tooth 36. Regarding the pectoralis major and right brachioradialis muscles, we observed that for both teeth 16 and 26, working with ergonomic rest showed less muscle activation. Muscle activation of the right biceps brachii was higher for work with no rest in both the upper and lower arches, differing significantly only from the usual rest in tooth 16 (p < 0.001), usual rest and ergonomic rest in teeth 26 and 46 (p < 0.001), and only ergonomic rest in tooth 36 (p = 0.044). In the right abductor pollicis muscle, work with ergonomic rest resulted in less muscle activation for cavity preparation in teeth 16, 26, and 36, which was significantly different from work with no rest (p = 0.029, p < 0.001, and p = 0.013, respectively). Regarding angular deviation, it was observed that for tooth 16, there was a greater angular deviation of the arm when performing cavity preparations with no finger rest. For teeth 26 and 46, the ergonomic finger rest provided lower angular deviation from the neutral position of the right arm. For tooth 36, ergonomic rest provided less angular deviation from the neutral neck position.

Conclusion
In general, the use of non-active finger rest during simulated cavity preparations, regardless of the type of rest, provided less muscle activation and angular deviation from the neutral position of the body’s upper extremity when performing pre-clinical procedures.
Haematological and Biochemical Changes in Aqueous Leaf Extract of Justicia carnea Treated Male Wistar Rats Exposed to Lead Acetate
Authors: Onyekwere J. U. , Ojeka S. O. 
Published: July 2023

Aim: To evaluate the effect of oral administrattion of the leaf extract of Justicia carnea on some haematological and biochemical parameters in rats.
Study Design: It was a laboratory and experimental animal based study.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out In Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Methodology: Forty (40) male Wistar rats were obtained and randomly distributed into eight (8) groups of 5 rats each as follows: Group 1 served as negative control/received 1ml of distilled water daily; Group 2 served as positive control/treated with 10mg/kg.bw of lead acetate (Pb); Groups 3 to 5 received 400, 600 and 800mg/kg body weight of aqueous leaf extract of Justicia carnea (ALEJC) respectively daily and Groups 6 to 8 received 400, 600 and 800mg/kg bw ALEJC + 10mg/kg.bw Pb respectively daily. After all treatments, blood samples were harvested from the study animals via cardiac puncture Data were statistically analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Statistical significance was determined using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Post-Hoc multiple comparison test and p< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The result of the present study indicated significant (p<0.05) increases in the levels of RBC, Hb, PCV, WBC and platelets in the 2 sets of rats when compared to those of groups 1 and 2. The amount of total/conjugated bilirubin were also seen to be markedly (p<0.05) raised in all ALEJC treated rats. The levels of liver enzymes were significantly (p<0.05) and beneficially regulated by ALEJC treatment compared to that of the group 2.
Conclusion: Therefore, the plant extract may be a biologically helpful and antianaemic candidate but the arbitrary use of the ALEHC must be checked in order to prevent undesirable effects.
Pembuatan Alat Penghasil Air Dari Udara Menggunakan Peltier
Authors: Ongko Yosua Budipratama , Tumbelaka Hanny 
Published: July 2023

Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari air memiliki peran yang sangat penting. Selain manusia mahluk hidup lain juga sangat bergantung pada air untuk bertahan hidup. Tetapi masih banyak daerah di dunia bahkan di Indonesia masih mengalami kekeringan atau krisis air bersih. Maka dari itu diperlukan terobosan-terobosan baru dalam menghasilkan air. Salah satunya pemanfaatan udara yang didalamnya terdapat kandungan air. Pembentukan air dari udara sendiri dinamakan pengembunan. Dimana faktor yang sangat menpengaruhi pengembunan adalah kelembapan udara dan juga suhu udara. Dalam proses perubahan air dari udara memerlukan psychometric chart guna menentukan titik pengembunan atau disebut dew point. Proses pengembunan sendiri membutuhkan peltier sebagai pendingin heatsink yang dimana berfungsi sebagai media pengembunan. Dari beberapa percobaan yang dilakukan didapatkan beberapa data yang menunjukan perbedaan jumlah air yang dihasilkan. Dari beberapa percobaan tersebut jumlah air terbanyak yang dapat dihasilkan adalah 7 mililiter. Sehingga alat yang dibuat telah berhasil menghasilkan air dari udara.

Kata Kunci— Penghasil air, Kelembapan udara, Peltier, Thermoelectric
Enrollment of Older Patients, Women, and Racial and Ethnic Minority Individuals in Valvular Heart Disease Clinical Trials
Authors: Reddy Kriyana P. , Faggioni Michela , Eberly Lauren A. , Halaby Rim , Sanghavi Monika , Lewey Jennifer , Mehran Roxana , Coylewright Megan , Herrmann Howard C. , Giri Jay , Fanaroff Alexander C. , Nathan Ashwin S. 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceInadequate representation of older patients, women, and racial minority individuals in cardiovascular clinical trials limits both the generalizability of trial findings and inclusivity in access to novel therapies and therapeutic strategies.ObjectiveTo report on temporal trends in the representation of older patients, women, and racial and ethnic minority individuals in clinical trials studying treatments for valvular heart disease.Evidence ReviewAll published clinical trials enrolling more than 100 adults with any valvular heart disease published between 2005 and 2020 were included after searches with PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov. Data on age, sex, race, and ethnicity reported in the included studies were collected. Trials were assigned to 4 time periods based on the publication date, and temporal trends were analyzed in the representation of older patients, women, and racial and ethnic minority individuals.FindingsA total of 139 clinical trials with 51 527 participants were identified. Of these trials, 103 (74%) investigated aortic valve disease and the remainder mitral valve disease. Overall, 63 trials (45.3%) enrolled patients only in Europe, 24 (17.3%) only in North America, and 19 (13.7%) in multiple geographical regions. The weighted mean (SD) age of enrolled patients was 68.4 (11.4) years, increasing nonsignificantly from 61.9 (5.9) years in 2005-2008 to 72.8 (9.6) years in 2017-2020 (P = .09 for trend). The overall proportion of women enrolled in valvular heart disease trials was 41.1%, with no significant changes over time. Data on race and ethnicity of trial participants were reported in 13 trials (9.4%), in which trial-level representation of American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Black/African American, Hispanic, and Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander patients ranged from 0.27% to 43.9%. There were no significant temporal trends noted in the enrollment of racial and ethnic minority populations. The representation of women in clinical trials was positively associated with enrollment rates of older patients and underrepresented racial and ethnic groups.Conclusions and RelevanceThis review found that over the past 2 decades, women and racial and ethnic minority individuals have remained underrepresented in North American valvular heart disease clinical trials. Further work is needed to improve the reporting of race and ethnicity data and address barriers to trial enrollment for older patients, women, and racial and ethnic minority individuals.
Association of Longer Leukocyte Telomere Length With Cardiac Size, Function, and Heart Failure
Authors: Aung Nay , Wang Qingning , van Duijvenboden Stefan , Burns Richard , Stoma Svetlana , Raisi-Estabragh Zahra , Ahmet Selda , Allara Elias , Wood Angela , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , Danesh John , Munroe Patricia B. , Young Alistair , Harvey Nicholas C. , Codd Veryan , Nelson Christopher P. , Petersen Steffen E. , Samani Nilesh J. 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceLonger leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is associated with a lower risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The extent to which variation in LTL is associated with intermediary cardiovascular phenotypes is unclear.ObjectiveTo evaluate the associations between LTL and a diverse set of cardiovascular imaging phenotypesDesign, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a population-based cross-sectional study of UK Biobank participants recruited from 2006 to 2010. LTL was measured using a quantitative polymerase chain reaction method. Cardiovascular measurements were derived from cardiovascular magnetic resonance using machine learning. The median (IQR) duration of follow-up was 12.0 (11.3-12.7) years. The associations of LTL with imaging measurements and incident heart failure (HF) were evaluated by multivariable regression models. Genetic associations between LTL and significantly associated traits were investigated by mendelian randomization. Data were analyzed from January to May 2023.ExposureLTL.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCardiovascular imaging traits and HF.ResultsOf 40 459 included participants, 19 529 (48.3%) were men, and the mean (SD) age was 55.1 (7.6) years. Longer LTL was independently associated with a pattern of positive cardiac remodeling (higher left ventricular mass, larger global ventricular size and volume, and higher ventricular and atrial stroke volumes) and a lower risk of incident HF (LTL fourth quartile vs first quartile: hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.81-0.91; P = 1.8 × 10−6). Mendelian randomization analysis suggested a potential causal association between LTL and left ventricular mass, global ventricular volume, and left ventricular stroke volume.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, longer LTL was associated with a larger heart with better cardiac function in middle age, which could potentially explain the observed lower risk of incident HF.
Absolutely‐Zero‐Expansion Behavior Enables Ultra‐Long Life for Stationary Energy Storage
Authors: Ou Yinjun , Yang Liting , Gao Jiazhe , Li Songjie , Liu Xuehua , Cheng Yifeng , Zhang Jincang , Wu Limin , Lin Chunfu , Che Renchao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUltra‐long‐life (at least 10 000 cycles) lithium‐ion batteries are very effective for stationary energy‐storage applications. However, even “zero‐strain” materials with small unit‐cell‐volume changes of <1% cannot last for ultra‐long cycles due to gradually accumulated intracrystal strain/stress. Here, Li[Li0.2Cr0.4Ti1.4]O4 is explored as the first absolutely‐zero‐expansion material with unit‐cell‐volume variations of zero during Li+ storage. Its absolutely‐zero‐expansion mechanism is intensively studied, revealing that 16c‐octahedron shrinkage fully offsets 16d‐octahedron expansion through reversible O2− movement. It delivers better cycling stability than, as far as we know, all electrochemical energy‐storage materials previously reported. Its capacity retention at 10 C and 1.0 mg cm−2 after 17 000 cycles reaches 91.5%. When the active‐material loading significantly increases to 6.4 mg cm−2, its capacity retention at 5 C after 500 cycles reaches 95.7%. At an elevated temperature of 45 °C, it not only keeps excellent cycling stability but also exhibits significantly enhanced rate capability. Therefore, Li[Li0.2Cr0.4Ti1.4]O4 is especially suitable for stationary energy storage.