bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global trends and performances in diabetic retinopathy studies: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Xiao Huan , Tang Jinfan , Zhang Feng , Liu Luping , Zhou Jing , Chen Meiqi , Li Mengyue , Wu Xiaoxiao , Nie Yingying , Duan Junguo 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to identify and evaluate global trends in diabetic retinopathy (DR) research and visualize the focus and frontiers of this field.MethodsDiabetic retinopathy-related publications from the establishment of the Web of Science (WOS) through 1 November 2022 were retrieved for qualitative and quantitative analyses. This study analyzed annual publication counts, prolific countries, institutions, journals, and the top 10 most cited literature. The findings were presented through descriptive statistics. VOSviewer 1.6.17 was used to exhibit keywords with high frequency and national cooperation networks, while CiteSpace 5.5.R2 displayed the timeline and burst keywords for each term.ResultsA total of 10,709 references were analyzed, and the number of publications continuously increased over the investigated period. America had the highest h-index and citation frequency, contributing to the most influence. China was the most prolific country, producing 3,168 articles. The University of London had the highest productivity. The top three productive journals were from America, and Investigative Ophthalmology Visual Science had the highest number of publications. The article from Gulshan et al. (2016; co-citation counts, 2,897) served as the representative and symbolic reference. The main research topics in this area were incidence, pathogenesis, treatment, and artificial intelligence (AI). Deep learning, models, biomarkers, and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) of DR were frontier hotspots.ConclusionBibliometric analysis in this study provided valuable insights into global trends in DR research frontiers. Four key study directions and three research frontiers were extracted from the extensive DR-related literature. As the incidence of DR continues to increase, DR prevention and treatment have become a pressing public health concern and a significant area of research interest. In addition, the development of AI technologies and telemedicine has emerged as promising research frontiers for balancing the number of doctors and patients.
Causal relationships of neonatal jaundice, direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin with autism spectrum disorder: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Chen Li-wen , Zhang Yi , Xu Dou-dou , Wang Yang , Gao Hui 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundMultiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses have examined the association between neonatal jaundice and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk, but their results have been inconsistent. This may be because the included observational studies could not adjust for all potential confounders. Mendelian randomization study can overcome this drawback and explore the causal relationship between the both.MethodsWe used the data of neonatal jaundice, direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), and ASD collected by genome-wide association study (GWAS) to evaluate the effects of neonatal jaundice, DBIL and IBIL on ASD by using a two-sample Mendelian randomized (MR). The inverse variance-weighted method (IVW) was the main method of MR analysis in this study. Weighted median method, MR-Egger regression and mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test were used for sensitivity analysis.ResultsThere was no evidence of an effect of neonatal jaundice (OR, 1.002, 95% CI, 0.977–1.027), DBIL (OR, 0.970, 95% CI, 0.884–1.064) and IBIL (OR, 1.074, 95% CI, 0.882–1.308) on ASD risk by IVW test. In the weighted median method, MR-Egger regression and leave-one-out analysis, the results were robust and no heterogeneity or pleiotropy was observed.ConclusionsWe found that neonatal jaundice, DBIL and IBIL were not associated with ASD in this study. However, this paper did not explore the effect of severity and duration of jaundice on ASD in different ethnic populations, which may require further research.
Impact of media trust and personal epidemic experience on epidemic prevention behaviors in the context of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study based on protection motivation theory
Authors: Zhang Dan , Su Fan , Meng Xiaoxia , Zhang Zhixin 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to elucidate the impact of media trust on epidemic prevention motivation and behaviors based on the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and to evaluate the moderation effect of personal epidemic experience, which focused on the differences in two groups with or without epidemic experience.MethodsThe exogenous constructs and PMT model and scale were constructed through literature analysis, and a web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among 428 individuals aged above 18 years in China. Statistical analysis and hypothesis testing were performed in SPSS 26 and SmartPLS 3.ResultsTraditional media trust accounted for the largest weight in media trust (w = 0.492, p-value &lt; 0.001), followed by social media (w = 0.463, p-value &lt; 0.001), and interpersonal communication (w = 0.290, p-value &lt; 0.001). Media trust was positively and significantly related to both threat appraisal (β = 0.210, p-value &lt; 0.001) and coping appraisal (β = 0.260, p-value &lt; 0.001). Threat appraisal (β = 0.105, p-value &lt; 0.05) and coping appraisal (β = 0.545, p-value &lt; 0.001) were positively and significantly related to epidemic prevention motivation, which positively and significantly related to epidemic prevention behaviors (β = 0.492, p-value &lt; 0.001). The R2 values of epidemic prevention motivation and behavior are 0.350 and 0.240, respectively, indicating an acceptable explanation. Multiple-group analysis revealed five significant differences in paths between the two groups, indicating personal epidemic experience acting as a slight moderator on these paths.ConclusionTraditional media trust and social media trust were the important elements in COVID-19 prevention and control, and public health departments and governments should ensure the accuracy and reliability of information from traditional and social media. Simultaneously, the media should balance threat information and efficacy information in order to generate the public’s prevention motivation and behaviors.
Separation and Identification of an Antimicrobial Substance from Schisandra chinensis Extract against Streptococcus mutans KCCM 40105 Strain
Authors: Jeong Jae-Hee , Kim Su-Hwan , Huh Chang-Ki 
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to isolate and identify antibacterial compounds from Schisandra chinensis (S. chinensis) that are effective against the Streptococcus mutans KCCM 40105 strain. First, S. chinensis was extracted using varying concentrations of ethanol, and the resulting antibacterial activity was evaluated. The 30% ethanol extract of S. chinensis showed high activity. The fractionation and antibacterial activity of a 30% ethanol extract from S. chinensis were examined using five different solvents. Upon investigation of the antibacterial activity of the solvent fraction, the water and butanol fractions showed high activity, and no significant difference was found. Therefore, the butanol fraction was chosen for material exploration using silica gel column chromatography. A total of 24 fractions were obtained from the butanol portion using silica gel chromatography. The fraction with the highest antibacterial activity was Fr 7. From Fr 7, thirty-three sub-fractions were isolated, and sub-fraction 17 showed the highest level of antibacterial activity. A total of five peaks were obtained through the pure separation of sub-fraction 17 using HPLC. Peak 2 was identified as a substance exhibiting a high level of antibacterial activity. Based on the results of UV spectrometry, 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR, LC-MS, and HPLC analyses, the compound corresponding to peak number 2 was identified as tartaric acid.
Ganoderma lucidum: Novel Insight into Hepatoprotective Potential with Mechanisms of Action
Authors: Ahmad Md Faruque , Ahmad Fakhruddin Ali , Zeyaullah Md. , Alsayegh Abdulrahman A. , Mahmood Syed Esam , AlShahrani Abdullah M. , Khan Mohammad Suhail , Shama Eman , Hamouda Alshaimaa , Elbendary Ehab Y. , Attia Kandil Abdel Hai Ali 
Published: April 2023

Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) has been widely used for its health benefits as an edible and traditional medicinal mushroom for thousands of years in Asian countries. It is currently used as a nutraceutical and functional food owing to its major bioactive compounds, polysaccharides and triterpenoids. G. lucidum exhibits a broad range of hepatoprotective impacts in various liver disorders, such as hepatic cancer, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcohol-induced liver disease, hepatitis B, hepatic fibrosis, and liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) and α-amanitin. G. lucidum protects the liver through a broad range of mechanisms that include the modulation of liver Phase I and II enzymes, the suppression of β-glucuronidase, antifibrotic and antiviral actions, the regulation of the production of nitric oxide (NO), the maintenance of hepatocellular calcium homeostasis, immunomodulatory activity, and scavenging free radicals. G. lucidum could signify an encouraging approach for the management of various chronic hepatopathies, and its potential mechanisms make it a distinctive agent when used alone or with other drugs and applied as a functional food, nutraceutical supplement, or adjuvant to modern medicine. This review summarizes the hepatoprotective properties of G. lucidum with its various mechanisms of action on different liver ailments. Biologically active substances derived from G. lucidum are still being studied for their potential benefits in treating different liver ailments.
Uma análise dos processos de catchingup Chinês efallingbehind Brasileiro na perspectiva da integração às cadeias globais de valor de valor / An analysis of the chinese catching up and Brazilian falling behind processes from the perspective of integration to global value value Chains
Authors: Araújo Caroline Giusti de , Diegues Antônio Carlos 
Published: April 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o posicionamento brasileiro e chinês na perspectiva da integração às cadeias globais de valor através da construção de indicadores com dados de comércio internacional que, categorizados emtecnologia, possibilitam avaliar a qualidade da integração a montante e a jusante dos países. A tese central deste artigo argumenta que a estrutura produtiva nacional dada pelos condicionantes endógenosalterou a forma de inserção internacional dos países. Em termos de resultado, observou-se que ambas economias tem buscado promover sofisticações tecnológicas na pespectiva do comércio internacional, porém a economia chinesa está avançando em setores que possibilitam catching up, ainda que apresente resultados importantes e semelhantes ao Brasil em tecnologias menos intensivas em conhecimento. Com isso, afirma-se que não se trata apenas de um processo de elevar a participação nas cadeias globais de valor, mas fazer com que este represente uma integração virutosa dos países. Isto é, supere o path dependence, que está atrelado a capacidade de articulação política, econômica e social que viabiliza a acumulação de capital e a diversificação da estrutura produtiva.
Acceleration of potential-induced degradation in crystalline Si photovoltaic modules after a lightning impulse strike
Authors: Kaneko Tetsuya , Kimsong Suy , Hara Yukiko , Masuda Atsushi , Isomura Masao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The potential-induced degradation (PID) is one of the significant issues in realizing low-cost electricity from photovoltaic (PV) power generation plants. In this paper, we have investigated PID in crystalline Si (c-Si) PV modules with conventional p-type multicrystalline Si solar cells after the application of lightning impulse strikes. Lightning impulses with a voltage of −40 kV were applied to the module between the shorted electrodes of the c-Si cell and the mimic aluminum frame. It is confirmed that no degradation in the electrical characteristics of the c-Si cell occurs by applying the impulse only. We have found that the PID of c-Si PV modules was accelerated by applying the impulses between a c-Si cell and a metal frame. The acceleration of PID in the module applied with a lightning impulse might be caused by the migration of Na+ ions easily toward the c-Si cell owing to damage to the ethylene-vinyl acetate encapsulant by impulses.
Major obstacles and directions for the application of artificial intelligence in international business
Authors: Aminov Kh. I. , Krikukhin I. Yu. , Zakharova A. V. 
Published: April 2023

Aim. The presented study aims to investigate the nature of major challenges and obstacles that international companies are facing and to determine directions for using artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in the context of the digital transformation of the economy, global regionalization, and market fragmentation.Tasks. The authors analyze the legal framework for the use of AI technologies by international companies; identify challenges and obstacles for the implementation of business strategies in different countries; determine directions for the use of AI technologies in international business.Methods. This study uses the descriptive method, abstraction, deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis.Results. Based on the performed analysis, challenges and obstacles for implementing business strategies in various countries are identified, including regulatory, personnel, organizational and technological ones. Key development areas for international companies include smart HR policy, formation of flexible business models, analysis of customer and employee needs to prevent crisis situations and predict market trends, automation of production and reduction of costs using AI technologies, and formation of functional ecosystems that optimize cooperation, making it well-timed and well-managed.Conclusions. The findings of the study make it necessary to rethink the use of AI technologies as a tool for analyzing the requests and needs of both customers and potential employees in international business. There is an assumption that new directions for international business development will appear later. This will distort the current market situation, but adaptability and flexibility will remain key qualities that will allow an international company to ensure stability and competitiveness in the near future.
ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻄﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻄﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺍﺻﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺪﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺍﻕ
Authors: Jules Michael Talya  
Published: April 2023

ﺘﺒﻴن ﻤن اﻟد ارﺴﺔ ان اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔض اﻟﺴوداﻨﻲ ﻫو اﻛﺜر ﻤﻨظوﻤﺔ ﻀﻐطﻴﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺴطﺢ اﻟﻤﺴﺒﺒﺔ
ﻟﻠﻌواﺼف اﻟرﻋدﻴﺔ ﺨﺎﺼﺔ ﻋﻨدﻤﺎ ﻴﻛون ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌ ارق ﻤرﻛز ﺜﺎﻨوي. واﻟﻤدﻋوم ﺒﺄﺨﺎدﻴد ﻤؤﺜرة ﻓﻲ ﺘﺒﺎﻴن
ﻤﻌدﻻت درﺠﺎت اﻟﺤ اررة واﻟرطوﺒﺔ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﻴﺔ. ﺤﻴث ﺒﻠﻎ اﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﻌدﻝ ﻟدرﺠﺔ اﻟﺤ اررة اﺜﻨﺎء اﻟﻌﺎﺼﻔﺔ ﻤﺎﺒﻴن
30 - 21 ) ْم) ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤطﺔ ﺒﻐداد واﻟﺒﺼرة ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ % 52.9 وﻓﻲ ﻤﺤطﺔ اﻟﻤوﺼﻝ ﻤﺎﺒﻴن 20 - 11 ) ْم)

ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ .% 73.6
أﻤﺎ اﻟرطوﺒﺔ ﻓﻛﺎﻨت ﻤﺘوﺴطﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤطﺔ اﻟﻤوﺼﻝ واﻟﺒﺎﻟﻐﺔ ﻨﺴﺒﺘﻬﺎ % 70 وﻤرﺘﻔﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤطﺔ
اﻟﺒﺼرة ﺒﻨﺴﺒﺔ % 90 ﻓﻲ ﺤﻴن ﻛﺎﻨت ﻤﺎﺒﻴن % 80 - 70 ﻓﻲ ﻤﺤطﺔ ﺒﻐداد وﻫذا ﻴﻌود اﻟﻰ ﻤؤﺜ ارت
اﻟﻤوﻗﻊ وﻨوع اﻟﻤﻨظوﻤﺎت اﻟﻀﻐطﻴﺔ اﻟﻤؤﺜرة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘطر ٬ أﻤﺎ اﻟﻐﻴوم ﻓﻛﺎﻨت اﻟﻐﻴوم اﻟﻤﻨﺨﻔﻀﺔ اﻟرﻛﺎﻤﻴﺔ
واﻟرﻛﺎﻤﻴﺔ اﻟﻤزﻨﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ اﻛﺜر اﻟﻐﻴوم ﻤﺼﺎﺤﺒﺘﻪ ﻟﻌواﺼف اﻟرﻋدﻴﺔ اﻻ ان ﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﻻﺘﺴﺒب ﺘﺴﺎﻗط
اﻤطﺎر اﺜﻨﺎء اﻟﻌﺎﺼﻔﺔ. ﻓﺎذا ﻛﺎﻨت درﺠﺔ اﻟﺤ اررة ﻤﺎﺒﻴن 50 - 20 ) ْم) ﻤﺼﺎﺤﺒﺔ ﺒﺎﻨﺨﻔﺎض ﻨﺴﺒﺔ

اﻟرطوﺒﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻗﻝ ﻤن % 50 ﻓﺎذن ﻓﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ ﻻﺘﺴﺒب ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻐﻴوم اﻤطﺎ اًر.
ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻁﺮﺍﺋﻖ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻮﻥ ﻭﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﺪﻯ ﻁﻠﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ
Authors: Hdham mzel salh  
Published: April 2023

ﺘﻬـدف اﻟﺘرﺒﻴـﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴـﺔ ﺤـدﻴﺜﺎً اﻟـﻰ اﻛﺴـﺎب اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻤـﻴن اﻟﺨﺒـ ارت واﻟﻤﻬـﺎ ارت اﻟﻔﻨﻴـﺔ اﻟﻼزﻤـﺔ ﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴـﺔ
اﻟﺤس اﻟوﺠداﻨﻲ واﻻرﺘﻘﺎء ﻟﻤﺴﺘوى اﻟﺘذوق اﻟﺠﻤـﺎﻟﻲ ٬ ﻓﻬـﻲ ذات طﺒﻴﻌـﺔ ﺨﺎﺼـﺔ ﺘؤﻛـد ﻋﻠـﻰ دور اﻟﻔـن
ﻓـﻲ اﻨﺘـﺎج أﻋﻤـﺎﻝ ﻓﻨﻴـﺔ واﻛﺴـﺎﺒﻬم ﻤﻬـﺎ ارت ﻓﻨﻴـﺔ وﻤﻬﻨﻴـﺔ ٬ وﻴﻌـرﻓﻬم ﻋﻠـﻰ أﺴﺎﺴـﻴﺎت وط ارﺌـق اﻟﺘـدرﻴس

ﺒﺼورة ﻤﻌﻤﻘﺔ .
ﻻﺒد ﻟﻤـدرس اﻟﺘرﺒﻴـﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴـﺔ أن ﻴﻤﺘﻠـك اﻟﺘﺠرﺒـﺔ واﻟﺨﺒـرة ﻛـﻲ ﻴﻛـون ﻤرﺒﻴـﺎً واﻋﻴـﺎً ﻟﻤﺴـؤوﻟﻴﺎﺘﻪ اﻟـﻰ
ﺠﺎﻨب ﻤﻌﻠوﻤﺎﺘﻪ اﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ وان ﻴﺤوﻝ ﺨﺒرﺘﻪ وﺘﺠرﺒﺘﻪ اﻟﻰ ﻗدرة ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴر ﻟﻴﺤوﻝ اﻟﻤـﺎدة او اﻟﺨﺎﻤـﺔ اﻟـﻰ ﻗﻴﻤـﺔ

ﻓﻨﻴﺔ . ( ﻤوﺴﻰ ( 6 : 2001 ٬ .
ان ﻟﺘدرﻴس اﻟﺘرﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﺨﺼوﺼﻴﺔ ﺘﻤﻴزﻫﺎ ﻋـن ﺘـدرﻴس ﻏﻴرﻫـﺎ ﻤـن اﻟﻤـواد اﻟد ارﺴـﻴﺔ اذ ﺘﻌﺘﻤـد
أﺴﺎﻟﻴب ﺘدرﻴس اﻟﺘرﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﺸـﺤن اﻟﻤـﺘﻌﻠم ﺒﺎﻨﻔﻌـﺎﻻت وﻋواطـف ﻨﺤـو اﻟﻤوﻀـوع وان ﻛـﻝ ﺨطـﺔ
ﺘدرﻴﺴﻴﺔ ﻴﻀﻌﻬﺎ ﻤﻌﻠم اﻟﺘرﺒﻴﺔ اﻟﻔﻨﻴـﺔ ﻻﺒـد ﻟﻬـﺎ ﻤـن أﺴـﻠوب واﺴـﺘ ارﺘﻴﺠﻴﺎت ﺘﺘﻨﺎﺴـب ﻤﻌﻬـﺎ ٬ ﻷﻨﻬـﺎ ﺘﻌﺘﻤـد
ﻤﺒدأ اﻟﺘطوﻴر واﻟﺘﺠدﻴد واﻻﺒﺘﻛﺎر ٬ وﻋدم اﻵﻟﻴﺔ واﻟﺘﻛـ ارر ٬ ﻛﻤـﺎ ان ﻤﺴـﺘوى اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻤـﻴن ﻴﺤـﺘم ﻋﻠﻴـﻪ ﻫـذا
اﻻﺨﺘﻴـﺎر اﻻ ان ﻫﻨـﺎك ﻤﺸـﻛﻼت ﻴﻌـﺎﻨﻲ ﻤﻨﻬـﺎ إﻋـداد اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤـﻴن ﻗﺒـﻝ اﻟﺨدﻤـﺔ ﺤﻴـث ﺘـرﺘﺒط ﻤﺸـﻛﻼت

اﻹﻋداد ﻗﺒﻝ اﻟﺨدﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻤﺠﺎﻟﻴن رﺌﻴﺴﻴن ﻫﻤﺎ -:
- 1 اﻟﻤﺸﻛﻼت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘﺘﻌﻠق ﺒﻨوﻋﻴﺔ اﻟطﻠﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﻠﺘﺤﻘﻴن ﺒﻤؤﺴﺴﺎت اﻹﻋداد .
- 2 اﻟﻤﺸﻛﻼت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺘرﺘﺒط ﺒﺒ ارﻤﺞ اﻹﻋداد وط ارﺌﻘﻬﺎ وأﺴﺎﻟﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻀوء اﻷدوار اﻟﺘﻲ ﻴﻘوم ﺒﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﻌﻠـم
٬ واﻟﺘـﻲ ﻤـن أﺒرزﻫـﺎ ﻫـو ﻏﻴـﺎب اﻟﺘﻨﺴـﻴق واﻟﺘﻛﺎﻤـﻝ ﺒـﻴن ﻤﻛوﻨـﺎت ﺒرﻨـﺎﻤﺞ اﻹﻋـداد واﻟﺘـﻲ ﺘﺘﻀـﻤن
ﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﺠواﻨب رﺌﻴﺴﺔ : أ- اﻟﺠﺎﻨـب اﻷﻛـﺎدﻴﻤﻲ ٬ ب- اﻟﺠﺎﻨـب اﻟﻤﻬﻨـﻲ ٬ ﺠـ- اﻟﺠﺎﻨـب اﻟﺜﻘـﺎﻓﻲ .
وأن ﻓﺎﻋﻠﻴـﺔ أي ﺒرﻨـﺎﻤﺞ إﻋـداد اﻨﻤـﺎ ﻴﻌﺘﻤـد ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤـدى اﻟﺘﻛﺎﻤـﻝ واﻟﺘـ ارﺒط ﺒـﻴن اﻟﺠواﻨـب اﻟﺜﻼﺜـﺔ ٬
Active Thermal Control in Neutral-Point-Clamped Multilevel Converters based on Switching-Cell Arrays
Authors: Alepuz Salvador , Nicolas-Apruzzese Joan , Rafiezadeh Roya , Busquets-Monge Sergio , Raya Mariana , Filba-Martinez Alber 
Published: April 2023

<p>Neutral-Point-Clamped multilevel converters are nowadays a suitable solution to implement low-medium voltage and power applications, thanks to their intrinsic superior voltage and current quality. The conventional configurations of these converters present uneven power loss distribution, causing thermal stress in some power semiconductors, which weakens the power converter reliability. For overcoming it, an implementation of the Neutral-Point-Clamped multilevel converter based on a Switching-Cell Array is introduced, adding redundant conduction paths on one side and more options to distribute the switching losses on the other side. An active thermal control is proposed here to balance the temperature distribution in the converter. A four-level converter has been implemented to evaluate the proposed solution. Experimental results show that the proposed implementation and active thermal control present enhanced temperature distribution in the converter and therefore reduced thermal stress and better reliability. </p>
Reconsiderando la idea de Universidad de Newman hoy
Authors: Briel Don 
Published: April 2023

El experto en Newman presentó la conferencia inaugural en el Centro Newman de la Universidad de Pennsylvania, la sede del primer Centro Newman en los Estados Unidos. En colaboración con el Centro Collegium para el pensamiento y la cultura católicos, el Centro Newman invitó al Dr. Briel a dar una exposición sobre La idea de universidad de Newman, para suscitar interrogantes con respecto al rol de la Iglesia en la educación de la universidad secular contemporánea.
Knowledge Of Students' Boarding School to Increase Resistance Immunity During Pandemic Covid- 19
Authors: Hastuti Apriyani Puji , Kurniawati Try Indah , Koesrini Juliati 
Published: April 2023

Daya tahan tubuh berperan dalam melindungi tubuh saat kuman pertama kali masuk ke dalam tubuh, oleh karena itu harus senantiasa dijaga dan ditingkatkan agar terhindar dari tertularnya virus Covid-19. Pada kondisi pandemic seperti saat ini mengurangi aktivitas dan mengurangi mobilitas. Pada kondisi adaptasi kebiasaan baru, diperlukan perilaku yan baik dari masyarakat khususnya yang berada didalam suatu komunitas atau kelompokuntuk dapat meningkatkan upaya dalam rangka meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh sehingga menurunkan kerentanan terinfeksi virus covid- 19. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan santriwati dalam meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh selama pandemi Covid-19 di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Ulum Kota Malang.
Desain penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross- sectional study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh santri Pondok Pesantren Nurul Ulum Malang sejumlah 90 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Sebagian santri Pondok Pesantren Nurul Ulum Malang yang diukur menggunakan rumus Slovin yaitu 73 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah sistem random sampling. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner pengetahuan. Analisa data menggunakan analisis data univariat dengan menggunakan software SPSS 23.
Hasil penelitian didapatkan tingkat pengetahuan santriwati dalam meningkatkan daya tahan tubuh sebagian besar berpengetahuan cukup sebanyak 45 responden (61,7%), sebagian kecil berpengetahuan baik sebanyak 15 responden (20,5%) dan sebagian kecil berpengetahuan kurang sebanyak 13 responden (17,8 %). Pemahaman yang baik tentang peningkatan daya tahan tubuh di masa pandemi ini, merupakan salah satu upaya dalam mencegah dan memutus mata rantai penularan covid, selain dengan protokol kesehatan, mengatur pola hidup dan pola makan sesuai dengan gizi seimbang.
Dialektika Pendidikan dalam Perspektif Paulo Freire: Kritik dan Solusi Terhadap Pendidikan Feodalistik
Authors: Pantan Frans 
Published: April 2023

Effective education provides positive energy to humans as an effort to realize it. However, it is a shame because, lately, educational phenomena are still trapped in the black area. Spaces for discussion, debate, and freedom of thought are reduced to the mere fulfillment of the curriculum. Conditions like this place students as passive objects. This study aims to reveal the principles of liberating education in Christian religious education. This study uses library research with a descriptive qualitative approach. Empirical facts provide evidence that the implementation of education at this time is still conventional. Paulo Freire critically and transformatively breaks through the deadlock in education due to the interference of power and owners of capital by offering revolutionary, philosophical, and reflective concepts and approaches on how humans should be educated to become truly human beings who are aware of their existence and work in the concrete world. This condition can be realize through the application of educational dialectics. The solution recommendation from this research is applying the dialectical method in the educational process as the best way to present superior individuals who understand educational institutions as public spaces where all kinds of perspectives resolve through rigid discourse.
Pendidikan efektif memberikan energi positif kepada manusia sebagai upaya mewujudkan. Namun patut disayangkan karena ternyata belakangan ini masih ditemukan fenomena pendidikan yang terjebak di area hitam. Ruang-ruang diskusi, debat, dan kebebasan berpikir direduksi sebatas pemenuhan kurikulum semata. Kondisi seperti ini menempatkan peserta didik sebagai objek pasif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan prinsip pendidikan yang membebaskan dalam pendidikan agama Kristen. Penelitian ini menggunakan riset perpustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Fakta empiris memberi bukti bahwa pelaksanaan pendidikan di saat ini masih konvensional. Paulo Freire secara kritis dan transformatif menerobos kebuntuan pendidikan akibat campur tangan kekuasaan dan pemilik modal dengan menawarakan konsep dan pendekatan revolusioner, filosofis dan reflektif tentang bagaimana manusia seharusnya dididik menjadi benar-benar manusia yang sadar akan eksistensi dan kiprahnya dalam dunia konkretnya. Kondisi ini dapat diwujudkan melalui penerapan dialektika pendidikan. Rekomendasi solutif dari penelitian ini yakni penerapan metode dialetika dalam proses pendidikan sebagai jalan terbaik untuk menghadirkan pribadi unggul yang memahami lembaga pendidikan sebagai ruang publik di mana segala macam perspektif dituntaskan melalui diskursus yang rigid.