bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fusobacterium nucleatum Load Correlates with KRAS Mutation and Sessile Serrated Pathogenesis in Colorectal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Takeda Koki , Koi Minoru , Okita Yoshiki , Sajibu Sija , Keku Temitope O. , Carethers John M. 
Published: September 2023

Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) has been frequently detected in colorectal cancer. A high load of Fn has been associated with subtypes of colorectal cancers, located in the proximal colon, exhibiting microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H), MLH1 promoter hypermethylation, the CpG island hypermethylation phenotype-high, or BRAF mutation in some studies. Although these features characterize the sessile serrated pathway (SSP) of colon cancers, other studies have shown that Fn infection is associated with KRAS mutations mainly characteristic of non-serrated neoplasia. It is also not clear at what point the association of Fn infection with these genomic alterations is established during colorectal carcinogenesis. Here we show that MSI-H, MLH1 hypermethylation, BRAF mutation or KRAS mutations were independently associated with Fn infection in colorectal cancer. On the other hand, increasing Fn copy number in tissues was associated with increased probability to exhibit MSI-H, MLH1 hypermethylation or BRAF mutations but not KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer. We also show that Fn load was significantly less than that of colorectal cancer and no association was detected between BRAF/KRAS mutations or MLH1 hypermethylation and Fn infection in adenomas. Our combined data suggest that increasing loads of Fn during and/or after adenomacarcinoma transition might promote SSP but not KRAS-driven colorectal carcinogenesis. Alternatively, Fn preferentially colonizes colorectal cancers with SSP and KRAS mutations but can expand more in colorectal cancers with SSP.

Significance:
The authors demonstrated that Fn is enriched in colorectal cancers exhibiting the SSP phenotype, and in colorectal cancers carrying KRAS mutations. Fn infection should be considered as a candidate risk factor specific to colorectal cancers with the SSP phenotype and with KRAS mutations.
ПРІОРИТЕТИ НАЦІОНАЛЬНО-ПАТРІОТИЧНОГО ВИХОВАННЯ ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ МЕДИЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ В ПАРАДИГМІ СУЧАСНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ
Authors: Дерев’янко Т. В. , Звягольська І. М. , Полянська В. П. 
Published: September 2023

Анотація. Метою нашого дослідження було висвітлення ролі національно-патріотичного виховання здобувачів вищої медичної освіти в парадигмі сучасних викликів, узагальнення досвіду організації та проведення заходів національно-патріотичного спрямування з метою формування патріотично свідомого громадянина.
У статті обґрунтовано мету, основні завдання та принципи реалізації національно-патріотичного виховання здобувачів вищої медичної освіти в реаліях військового часу. Розкрито та узагальнено досвід організації і проведення заходів національно-патріо­тичного спрямування науково-педагогічним колективом кафедри мікробіології, вірусології та імунології з метою формування патріотично свідомого громадянина в освітньо-виховному просторі Полтавського державного медичного університету. Серед упроваджених форм національно-патріотичного виховання пріоритетне місце посідають години-зустрічі, засідання круглих столів, фотопрезентації, флешмоби, акції пам’яті, волонтерський рух та інші. Значна увага науково-педагогічним колективом кафедри приділяється виконанню завдань Національної програми патріотичного виховання дітей та молоді України, розвитку їх активної життєвої позиції як громадянина своєї держави.
Таким чином, охарактеризовані форми і методи інноваційної виховної діяльності кафедри мікробіології, вірусології та імунології сприяють вдосконаленню процесу національно-патріотичного виховання студентської молоді в парадигмі сучасних викликів. Реалізація основних принципів і завдань національно-патріотичного виховання здійснюється за загальноприйнятими науково-педагогічними уявленнями через дієву вибудову глибокого розуміння історії українського народу, національної ідентичності, самобутності, готовності до виконання громадянського та конституційного обов’язку із захисту національних інтересів незалежності України. Головним аспектом дієвого формування національної свідомості та патріотизму у здобувачів вищої медичної освіти є суб’єкт-суб’єктна взаємодія.
Infecção por sars-cov-2 em pacientes submetidos à transplante cardíaco: uma revisão integrativa sobre o novo desafio para a cardiologia
Authors: Moreira Bruno Galdino , Lima Andreza Alverga de , Lima Maria Alice Vieira Melo de , Sá Francisco Guilherme Leite Linhares de , Carolino Rodolfo de Abreu , Melo Marta Lígia Vieira 
Published: September 2023

Introdução: O SARS-CoV-2 é um vírus de alta disseminação cujo principal alvo de infecção é o sistema respiratório, porém, ao desencadear uma resposta imunológica exacerbada, sinalizada pela tempestade de citocinas, pode provocar lesões em múltiplos órgãos. Diante disso, este estudo busca reunir evidências que avaliem a vulnerabilidade de pacientes transplantados às manifestações clínicas do COVID-19, considerando o manejo do regime de imunossupressão e os efeitos das interações medicamentosas, na tentativa de promover estratégias adequadas de gerenciamento terapêutico. Desenvolvimento: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada em março de 2023, na qual foram selecionados 6 artigos. Pacientes submetidos a transplantes cardíacos, devido ao quadro de imunossupressão, apresentam maior tendência em apresentar doenças cardiovasculares. A contaminação por SARS-CoV-2 aumenta significativamente o risco de complicações, e estabelece um desafio: equilibrar o regime de imunossupressores com a terapia antiviral, tendo em vista as interações medicamentosas. Considerações finais: O uso de imunossupressores parece ser responsável por um curso mais brando da COVID-19 em pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco, pela atenuação da tempestade de citocinas. Apesar disso, ainda há risco de gravidade da COVID-19, sendo necessário priorizar o manejo com terapias antivirais que melhor se adaptem às medicações imunossupressoras.
The Old Norse Poetic Meter Kviðuháttr as a Medium for History’s Verdict
Authors: Sayers William 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The name of the Old Norse poetic meter kviðuháttr, as employed in historical poems such as Ynglingatal, is generally understood as meaning ‘song’ or ‘poem meter’. Rather than accepting this designation at face value, the article hypothesizes an original *kviðsháttr or ‘verdict meter’ (< kviðr ‘verdict, judicial judgment’), which was subsequently the object of folk etymologizing. This revised explanation illuminates the nature and objectives of not only Ynglingatal but also commemorative poems by Egill Skallagrímsson such as Sonatorrek and Arinbjarnarkviða.
Zum König Rother
Authors: Eberhardt Otto 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In its endeavour to entertain the audience, the anonymous Middle High German epic poem King Rother shows traits also to be found in more recent paraliterature: such as the black-and-white depiction of adversaries Rother and Konstantin, the obvious brutality of the giants, etc. There are however also rather skillful parts: the convincingly presented Christian orientation, or the moderation in humour regarding the giants, which can be found several times.
Celtic Studies, Scholarly Networks, and Modernekritik
Authors: Blom Alderik H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study is concerned with the contribution of Jan de Vries (1890–1964), a controversial Dutch scholar of Germanic and Old Norse philology, folklore, and comparative religion, to the discipline of Celtic studies. First, therefore, his work is located within the context of De Vries’ biography and of his scholarly network of the post-war era, notably his correspondence with likeminded colleagues such as Dumézil, Höfler, Wikander, and Eliade. Subsequently, his theories of Celtic and Germanic ethnogenesis are examined, as well as his ideas about the connections between the Celtic and Germanic pre-Christian religions and traditions of heroic saga. Finally, the relatively limited impact of De Vries’s Celtic studies is elaborated on.
Old Hundred Names and Barbarians Fight the Pirates: Recruiting Auxiliaries for Late Ming Naval Operations
Authors: Shutz J. Travis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
By examining actions taken to eliminate seaborne bandits, this study argues during the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644), everyday people and foreigners played important roles in military activities. When Guangdong native Lin Feng (also known as Limahong) roamed the seas from South China to Southeast Asia in the mid-1570s, officials searched far and wide for allies to confront him. Reevaluating this period in Chinese military history from the bottom-up and outside-in shows civil officials and military officers repeatedly found fishers, traders, and sailors, along with outsiders, who were willing to collaborate against the marauders. Historical records from the late Ming and Qing periods consistently presented this cooperation as a Sinocentric and hierarchical ritual-based recruiting. In contrast to this top-down and inside-out perspective, the present research illuminates that during the early modern period, the Chinese government was growing progressively dependent on sea-going peoples to reinforce its maritime operations.
Advance care planning for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on home non-invasive ventilation: A qualitative study exploring barriers, facilitators and patients’ and healthcare professionals’ recommendations
Authors: Kavanagh Emily , Rowley Grace , Simkiss Lauri , Woods Elizabeth , Gouldthorpe Craig , Howorth Kate , Charles Max , Kiltie Rachel , Billett Hannah , Mastaglio Francesca , Dewhurst Felicity 
Published: September 2023

Background: Although home non-invasive ventilation for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and persisting hypercapnia prolongs time to hospital readmission and prognosis, they retain a poor long-term prognosis. Requiring non-invasive ventilation in this population should trigger advance care planning, yet only 50% of patients are engaged in such discussions. Aim: This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to advance care planning for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on home non-invasive ventilation and generate recommendations for improving practice. Study design: A cross-sectional interview study took place with 10 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on home non-invasive ventilation and 12 North East Assisted Ventilation Service healthcare professionals from the North East of England. Results: Three themes (‘overlooked’, ‘disjointed care’ and ‘awareness and expertise’) were identified. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are a ‘forgotten about’ population, exacerbated by prejudice and unpredictable disease trajectories. Recognition as a distinct and underserved population may improve care and advance care planning. All participants recognised a lack of care continuity, including limited collaboration and communication between services, as a significant barrier to advanced care planning. Additionally, lacking understanding of the rationale and positive impacts of advance care planning, exacerbated by a lack of expertise in difficult conversations, was a barrier to advance care planning. Conclusions: Patients and healthcare professionals highlighted the need for individualised and ongoing advance care planning, particularly around prognosis and care preferences. Discussions should be initiated by familiar clinicians. Effective communication between services, clear agreements and protocols and upskilling healthcare professionals may ensure continuity of care.
Fragility fractures in lupus patients: Associated factors and comparison of four fracture risk assessment tools
Authors: Ceccarelli Fulvia , Olivieri Giulio , Orefice Valeria , Picciariello Licia , Natalucci Francesco , Conti Fabrizio 
Published: September 2023

Objective Osteoporosis (OP) and fragility fractures (FF) are common comorbidities in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study aimed to (1) assess the prevalence of these conditions in a cohort of SLE patients (2) evaluate the risk factors associated with FF, and (3) compare the accuracy of four different FF risk assessment algorithms to determine which performs better in this specific rheumatologic population. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study with SLE women who underwent bone mineral density assessment by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) within 3 months of their last visit. Conventional radiology methods were used to evaluate the presence of FF. The 10-year risk of osteoporotic fractures was estimated using four tools: DeFRA, FRAX (adjusted for GC dosage), GARVAN, and QFracture. The comparison of these computational tools was analyzed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results We analyzed 86 SLE patients with a median age of 56 years (IQR 12.1) and a median age at diagnosis of 34 years (IQR 17.2). The median T-score values at the femoral neck and lumbar spine were −1.6 (IQR 0.9) and −1.7 (IQR 1.1), respectively. Of the patients, 33 (38.4%) had OP, with 13 patients (15.1%) experiencing FF. Univariate analysis showed that the presence of FF was associated with thrombocytopenia ( p = .01), hemolytic anemia ( p = .0001), and the intake of cyclosporine A ( p = .002), cyclophosphamide ( p = .006), and rituximab ( p = .001). The median 10-year risk of major FF for the four calculation tools were as follows: DeFRA 9.85 (IQR 8.6); FRAX GC 8.8 (IQR11.7); GARVAN 12 (IQR 8.2); QFracture 4.1 (IQR 5.8). We observed a significant correlation among all instruments evaluated ( p < .0001); in particular, the best correlation was recorded between the FRAX GC and the DeFRA (r = 0.85). DeFRA was the best tool for this population with an AUC of 0.94 ( p < .0001, CI 0.88–1). Conclusions OP is a common comorbidity in SLE patients, even in younger patients. FF appears to be more frequent in patients with hematologic involvement. The comparison of the four algorithms shows that DeFRA is the most accurate tool and should be applied to SLE patients.
Clinical and radiologic characteristics associated with multiple sclerosis misdiagnosis at a tertiary referral center in the United States
Authors: Wang Yujie , Bou Rjeily Nicole , Koshorek Jacqueline , Grkovski Risto , Aulakh Manek , Lin Doris , Solomon Andrew J , Mowry Ellen M 
Published: September 2023

Background: Misdiagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is common and can have harmful effects on patients and healthcare systems. Identification of factors associated with misdiagnosis may aid development of prevention strategies. Objective: To identify clinical and radiological predictors of MS misdiagnosis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of all patients who were referred to Johns Hopkins MS Center from January 2018 to June 2019. Patients who carried a diagnosis of MS were classified as correctly diagnosed or misdiagnosed with MS by the Johns Hopkins clinician. Demographics, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data were collected. Differences between the two groups were evaluated, and a regression model was constructed to identify predictors of misdiagnosis. Results: Out of 338 patients who were previously diagnosed with MS, 41 (12%) had been misdiagnosed. An alternative diagnosis was confirmed in 28 (68%) of the misdiagnosed patients; cerebrovascular disease was the most common alternate diagnosis. Characteristics associated with misdiagnosis were female sex (odds ratio (OR): 5.81 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.60, 21.05)) and non-specific brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions (OR: 7.66 (3.42, 17.16)). Conclusion: Misdiagnosis is a frequent problem in MS care. Non-specific brain lesions were the most significant predictor of misdiagnosis. Interventions aimed to reduce over-reliance on imaging findings and misapplication of the McDonald criteria may prevent MS misdiagnosis.
Configuration Synthesis and Lightweight Networking of Deployable Mechanism Based on a Novel Pyramid Module
Authors: Guo Jinwei , He Jianliang , Zhang Guoxing , Zhao Yongsheng , Xu Yundou 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeployable mechanism with preferable deployable performance, strong expansibility, and lightweight has attracted much attention because of their potential in aerospace. A basic deployable pyramid unit with good deployability and expandability is proposed to construct a sizeable deployable mechanism. Firstly, the basic unit folding principle and expansion method is proposed. The configuration synthesis method of adding constraint chains of spatial closed-loop mechanism is used to synthesize the basic unit. Then, the degree of freedom of the basic unit is analyzed using the screw theory and the link dismantling method. Next, the three-dimensional models of the pyramid unit, expansion unit, and array unit are established, and the folding motion simulation analysis is carried out. Based on the number of components, weight reduction rate, and deployable rate, the performance characteristics of the three types of mechanisms are described in detail. Finally, prototypes of the pyramid unit, combination unit, and expansion unit are developed to verify further the correctness of the configuration synthesis based on the pyramid. The proposed deployable mechanism provides aference for the design and application of antennas with a large aperture, high deployable rate, and lightweight. It has a good application prospect in the aerospace field.
Prediction of diabetes disease using an ensemble of machine learning multi-classifier models
Authors: Abnoosian Karlo , Farnoosh Rahman , Behzadi Mohammad Hassan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background and objective
Diabetes is a life-threatening chronic disease with a growing global prevalence, necessitating early diagnosis and treatment to prevent severe complications. Machine learning has emerged as a promising approach for diabetes diagnosis, but challenges such as limited labeled data, frequent missing values, and dataset imbalance hinder the development of accurate prediction models. Therefore, a novel framework is required to address these challenges and improve performance.

Methods
In this study, we propose an innovative pipeline-based multi-classification framework to predict diabetes in three classes: diabetic, non-diabetic, and prediabetes, using the imbalanced Iraqi Patient Dataset of Diabetes. Our framework incorporates various pre-processing techniques, including duplicate sample removal, attribute conversion, missing value imputation, data normalization and standardization, feature selection, and k-fold cross-validation. Furthermore, we implement multiple machine learning models, such as k-NN, SVM, DT, RF, AdaBoost, and GNB, and introduce a weighted ensemble approach based on the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) to address dataset imbalance. Performance optimization is achieved through grid search and Bayesian optimization for hyper-parameter tuning.

Results
Our proposed model outperforms other machine learning models, including k-NN, SVM, DT, RF, AdaBoost, and GNB, in predicting diabetes. The model achieves high average accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC values of 0.9887, 0.9861, 0.9792, 0.9851, and 0.999, respectively.

Conclusion
Our pipeline-based multi-classification framework demonstrates promising results in accurately predicting diabetes using an imbalanced dataset of Iraqi diabetic patients. The proposed framework addresses the challenges associated with limited labeled data, missing values, and dataset imbalance, leading to improved prediction performance. This study highlights the potential of machine learning techniques in diabetes diagnosis and management, and the proposed framework can serve as a valuable tool for accurate prediction and improved patient care. Further research can build upon our work to refine and optimize the framework and explore its applicability in diverse datasets and populations.
Detecting natural selection in trait-trait coevolution
Authors: Jiang Daohan , Zhang Jianzhi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNo phenotypic trait evolves independently of all other traits, but the cause of trait-trait coevolution is poorly understood. While the coevolution could arise simply from pleiotropic mutations that simultaneously affect the traits concerned, it could also result from multivariate natural selection favoring certain trait relationships. To gain a general mechanistic understanding of trait-trait coevolution, we examine the evolution of 220 cell morphology traits across 16 natural strains of the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand the evolution of 24 wing morphology traits across 110 fly species of the family Drosophilidae, along with the variations of these traits among gene deletion or mutation accumulation lines (a.k.a. mutants). For numerous trait pairs, the phenotypic correlation among evolutionary lineages differs significantly from that among mutants. Specifically, we find hundreds of cases where the evolutionary correlation between traits is strengthened or reversed relative to the mutational correlation, which, according to our population genetic simulation, is likely caused by multivariate selection. Furthermore, we detect selection for enhanced modularity of the yeast traits analyzed. Together, these results demonstrate that trait-trait coevolution is shaped by natural selection and suggest that the pleiotropic structure of mutation is not optimal. Because the morphological traits analyzed here are chosen largely because of their measurability and thereby are not expected to be biased with regard to natural selection, our conclusion is likely general.
Combination of bioaffinity ultrafiltration-UFLC-ESI-Q/TOF-MS/MS, in silico docking and multiple complex networks to explore antitumor mechanism of topoisomerase I inhibitors from Artemisiae Scopariae Herba
Authors: Chen Tong , Hu Jingbo , Wang Huan , Tan Nana , Qi Jianzhao , Wang Xiaoling , Wang Le 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Artemisiae Scopariae Herba (ASH) has been widely used as plant medicine in East Asia with remarkable antitumor activity. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

Methods
This study aimed to construct a multi-disciplinary approach to screen topoisomerase I (topo I) inhibitors from ASH extract, and explore the antitumor mechanisms. Bioaffinity ultrafiltration-UFLC-ESI-Q/TOF-MS/MS was used to identify chemical constitution of ASH extract as well as the topo I inhibitors, and in silico docking coupled with multiple complex networks was applied to interpret the molecular mechanisms.

Results
Crude ASH extract exhibited toxicogenetic and antiproliferative activities on A549 cells. A series of 34 ingredients were identified from the extract, and 6 compounds were screened as potential topo I inhibitors. Docking results showed that the formation of hydrogen bond and π-π stacking contributed most to their binding with topo I. Interrelationships among the 6 compounds, related targets and pathways were analyzed by multiple complex networks model. These networks displayed power-law degree distribution and small-world property. Statistical analysis indicated that isorhamnetin and quercetin were main active ingredients, and that chemical carcinogenesis-reactive oxygen species was the critical pathway. Electrophoretic results showed a therapeutic effect of ASH extract on the conversion of supercoiled DNA to relaxed forms, as well as potential synergistic effect of isorhamnetin and quercetin.

Conclusions
The results improved current understanding of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba on the treatment of tumor. Moreover, the combination of multi-disciplinary methods provided a new strategy for the study of bioactive constituents in medicinal plants.