bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forecasting the volatility of crude oil futures: A time‐dependent weighted least squares with regularization constraint
Authors: Geng Qianjie , Hao Xianfeng , Wang Yudong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractParameter instability and model uncertainty are two key problems affecting forecasting outcomes. In this paper, we propose a time‐dependent weighted least squares with ridge constraint (TWLS‐Ridge) to solve the above two problems in the forecasting procedure. The new TWLS‐Ridge approach is applied to the heterogenous autoregressive realized volatility model and its various extensions. The empirical results suggest that TWLS‐Ridge produces more accurate volatility forecasts than several alternative models dealing with parameter instability and model uncertainty. The superior performance of TWLS‐Ridge is robust under different forecast horizons, evaluation periods, and loss functions. An investor with mean–variance preference can improve utility using TWLS‐Ridge forecasts of oil volatility instead of ordinary least squares model forecasts.
An overview on the protective effects of ellagic acid against heavy metals, drugs, and chemicals
Authors: Jamshidi Zahra , Roohbakhsh Ali , Karimi Gholamreza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEllagic acid (EA) is a polyphenol extracted from many plants. EA modulates inflammatory mediators via antioxidant mechanisms, such as catalase (CAT) activities, superoxide dismutase (SOD), enhancement, increase in glutathione (GSH), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) suppression. EA has anti‐apoptotic properties that are thought to be mediated by regulating the expression of B‐cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl‐2), Bcl‐2‐associated X protein (Bax), and caspase‐3. In this article, we surveyed the literature dealing with the protective effects of EA against different heavy metals, drugs, and natural toxins. The findings indicated that EA has remarkable protective properties against various toxicants. Its protective effects were mostly mediated via normalizing lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammatory mediators, for example, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), and IL‐1β. The results of this study showed that EA has significant protective effects against a varied range of compounds, either chemical or natural. These effects are mainly mediated via intensifying the antioxidant defense system. However, other mechanisms such as inhibition of inflammatory responses and suppression of apoptosis are important.
Variational log‐Gaussian point‐process methods for grid cells
Authors: Rule Michael Everett , Chaudhuri‐Vayalambrone Prannoy , Krstulovic Marino , Bauza Marius , Krupic Julija , O'Leary Timothy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe present practical solutions to applying Gaussian‐process (GP) methods to calculate spatial statistics for grid cells in large environments. GPs are a data efficient approach to inferring neural tuning as a function of time, space, and other variables. We discuss how to design appropriate kernels for grid cells, and show that a variational Bayesian approach to log‐Gaussian Poisson models can be calculated quickly. This class of models has closed‐form expressions for the evidence lower‐bound, and can be estimated rapidly for certain parameterizations of the posterior covariance. We provide an implementation that operates in a low‐rank spatial frequency subspace for further acceleration, and demonstrate these methods on experimental data.
Skeletal Health in Patients With Mitochondrial Diabetes: Case Series and Review of Literature
Authors: Karakus Kagan Ege , Suryadevara Varun , Larson Austin , Gangadhar Prathosh , Shah Viral N 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTMonogenic diabetes, including mitochondrial diabetes, constitutes 1% to 3% of all diabetes. Although there is an increased interest in understanding the mechanisms of bone fragility in people with diabetes, skeletal research is mostly focused on type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Little is known on skeletal health among people with mitochondrial diabetes. In this single‐center study, we presented clinical characteristics of individuals with mitochondrial diabetes and clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis. Of 10 patients with mitochondrial diabetes, 4 (40%) had a clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis. Patients with osteoporosis were older, had lower body mass index, longer diabetes duration, lower fasting C‐peptide, and presence of multiple comorbidities compared with patients without osteoporosis. In addition to our cases, we also systematically reviewed literature on skeletal health in people with mitochondrial diabetes and provided an overview of potential factors affecting skeletal health and future clinical and research directions to improve the care of people with mitochondrial disease. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The accelerated organ senescence and proteotoxicity in thyrotoxicosis mice
Authors: Feng Qin , Xia Wenkai , Feng Zhong , Tan Yujun , Zhang Yongxia , Liu Deshan , Zhang Guimin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe mechanism of aging has always been the focus of research, because aging is related to disease susceptibility and seriously affects people's quality of life. The diseases also accelerate the aging process, especially the pathological changes of substantive organs, such as cardiac hypertrophy, severely shortened lifespan. So, lesions in organs are both a consequence and a cause of aging. However, the disease in a given organ is not in isolation but is a systemic problem. Our previous study found that thyrotoxicosis mice model has aging characteristics including immunosenescence, lipotoxicity, malnutrition. But all these characteristics will lead to organ senescence, therefore, this study continued to study the aging changes of important organs such as heart, liver, and kidney in thyrotoxicosis mice using tandem mass tags (TMT) proteomics method. The results showed that the excess thyroxine led to cardiac hypertrophy. In the liver, the ability to synthesize functional proteins, detoxify, and metabolism were declined. The effect on the kidney was the decreased ability of detoxify and metabolism. The main finding of the present study was that the acceleration of organ senescence by excess thyroxine was due to proteotoxicity. The shared cause of proteotoxicity in the three organs included the intensify of oxidative phosphorylation, the redundancy production of ribosomes, and the lack of splicing and ubiquitin proteasome system function. Totally, proteotoxicity was another parallel between thyrotoxicosis and aging in addition to lipotoxicity. Our research provided a convenient and appropriate animal model for exploring aging mechanism and antiaging drugs.
The most practical diagnostic imaging for detecting body packers during the drug trafficking: Ultrasonography
Authors: Altuğ Ertuğrul , Çakir Adem , Şener Kemal , Nadar Mustafa Oğulcan , Güven Ramazan , Şahin Aynur 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionBody packing is one of the most common methods used in the transboundary trafficking of illicit drugs. These drugs are packaged in capsules and taken orally or inserted into the rectum or vagina. Its diagnosis is, therefore, difficult. Methods like x‐ray, ultrasonography, and computed tomography (CT) are usually used to diagnose body packers. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic power and feasibility of ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool in patients who have a suspicion of being body packers.MethodsThis study is designed as a prospective and single‐centered case‐control study in the emergency department of a training and research hospital. Cases admitted to the emergency department with suspicion of being a body packer were included in the study. The data obtained was recorded on the study form. p < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant.ResultsOne hundred and one patients were included in the study; 76.2% (n = 77) were male. Packages were detected in 56.5% (n = 57) of the cases. Ultrasonography was found to be significantly useful in evaluating the presence of intra‐abdominal packages. Ultrasonography had 92.4% sensitivity and 97.8% specificity in evaluating the presence of packs.ConclusionCT is frequently used to diagnose patients admitted to the emergency departments with suspected body packing. In our study, ultrasonography is an advantageous imaging method, given its success rate, radiation‐free nature, and low cost. We have found ultrasonography to be a successful imaging modality in examining patients suspected of being body packers for the presence of packs, and it can replace CT in clinics.
Efficacy of staging laparoscopy for resectable pancreatic cancer on imaging and the therapeutic effect of systemic chemotherapy for positive peritoneal cytology
Authors: Fukasawa Mina , Watanabe Toru , Tanaka Haruyoshi , Itoh Ayaka , Kimura Nana , Shibuya Kazuto , Yoshioka Isaku , Murotani Kenta , Hirabayashi Kenichi , Fujii Tsutomu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe frequency and prognosis of positive peritoneal washing cytology (CY1) in resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (R‐PDAC) remains unclear. The objective of this study was to identify the clinical implications of CY1 in R‐PDAC and staging laparoscopy (SL).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 115 consecutive patients with R‐PDAC who underwent SL between 2018 and 2022. Patients with negative cytology (CY0) received radical surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, while CY1 patients received systemic chemotherapy and were continuously evaluated for cytology.ResultsOf the 115 patients, 84 had no distant metastatic factors, 22 had only CY1, and nine had distant metastasis. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that larger tumor size was an independent predictor of the presence of any distant metastatic factor (OR: 6.30, p = .002). Patients with CY1 showed a significantly better prognosis than patients with distant metastasis (MST: 24.6 vs. 18.9 months, p = .040). A total of 11 CY1 patients were successfully converted to CY‐negative, and seven underwent conversion surgery. There was no significant difference in overall survival between patients with CY0 and those converted to CY‐negative.ConclusionSL is effective even for R‐PDAC. The prognosis of CY1 patients converted to CY‐negative is expected to be similar to that of CY0 patients.
Morbidity after left trisectionectomy for hepato‐biliary malignancies: An analysis of the National Clinical Database of Japan
Authors: Terasaki Fumihiro , Hirakawa Shinya , Tachimori Hisateru , Sugiura Teiichi , Nanashima Atsushi , Komatsu Shohei , Miyata Hiroaki , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Kitagawa Yuko , Nakamura Masafumi , Endo Itaru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to analyze the nationwide surgical outcome of a left trisectionectomy (LT) and to identify the perioperative risk factors associated with its morbidity.MethodsCases of LT for hepato‐biliary malignancies registered at the Japanese National Clinical Database between 2013 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Statistical analyses were performed to identify the perioperative risk factors associated with a morbidity of Clavien–Dindo classification (CD) ≥III.ResultsLeft trisectionectomy was performed on 473 and 238 cases of biliary and nonbiliary cancers, respectively. Morbidity of CD ≥III and V occurred in 45% and 5% of cases with biliary cancer, respectively, compared with 26% and 2% of cases with nonbiliary cancer, respectively. In multivariable analyses, biliary cancer was significantly associated with a morbidity of CD ≥III (odds ratio, 1.87; p = .018). In subgroup analyses for biliary cancer, classification of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA‐PS) 2, portal vein resection (PVR), and intraoperative blood loss ≥30 mL/kg were significantly associated with a morbidity of CD ≥III.ConclusionsBiliary cancer induces severe morbidity after LT. The ASA‐PS classification, PVR, and intraoperative blood loss indicate severe morbidity after LT for biliary cancer.
Early‐onset pancreatic cancer: A national cancer registry study from the Czech Republic and review of the literature
Authors: Whitley Adam , Kocián Petr , Nikov Andrej , Krejčí Denisa , Pehalová Lucie , Blaha Milan , Dušek Ladislav , Gürlich Robert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare trends in mortality and incidence, clinicopathological features and survival of patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma under 50 years of age (early‐onset pancreatic cancer [EOPC]) with patients diagnosed over 50 years of age (late‐onset pancreatic cancer [LOPC]).MethodsThe national oncological registry of the Czech Republic was reviewed to identify all patients with histologically confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma diagnosed between the years 1985 and 2015. Incidence, mortality, clinicopathological and survival data were analyzed and compared between patients with EOPC and LOPC.ResultsFrom a total of 18 888 patients included in the study, 1324 patients were under the age of 50 years (7.0%). The average annual percentage changes (AAPC) in incidence of all patients with EOPC was −1.0%. The APPC for male patients with EOPC was −2.0% and for female patients was +0.6%. The AAPC in incidence for LOPC was +1.3%. There were no differences in tumor stage, grade or location between EOPC and LOPC. Young patients were more frequently male (64.4% vs. 52.9%), more frequently underwent treatment and had better overall survival. The median survival interval for EOPC was 5.9 months and for LOPC was 4.5 months (p < .001).ConclusionsThe clinicopathological features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were similar in patients under and over the age of 50 years. Patients with EOPC survived longer than patients with LOPC. Continued efforts should be made to diagnose early and treat young patients aggressively.
Development of an anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 monoclonal antibody panel and its applicability as a reagent in high‐throughput fluorescence reduction neutralization and immunohistochemistry assays
Authors: Coelho Gabriela M. , Cataneo Allan H. D. , Raboni Sonia M. , Nogueira Meri B. , de Paula Caroline B. Vaz , Almeida Ana C. S. F. , Rogerio Vanessa Z. , Zanchin Nilson T. , de Noronha Lucia , Zanluca Camila , Duarte dos Santos Claudia N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince its emergence in late 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has caused millions of deaths and socioeconomic losses. Although vaccination significantly reduced disease mortality, it has been shown that protection wanes over time, and that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) variants of concern (VOCs) may escape vaccine‐derived immunity. Therefore, serological studies are necessary to assess protection in the population and guide vaccine regimens. A common measure of protective immunity is the presence of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). However, the gold standard for measuring nAbs (plaque reduction neutralization test, or PRNT) is laborious and time‐consuming, limiting its large‐scale applicability. We developed a high‐throughput fluorescence reduction neutralization assay (FRNA) to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 nAbs. Because the assay relies on immunostaining, we developed and characterized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to lower costs and reduce the assay's vulnerability to reagent shortages. Using samples of individuals vaccinated with COVID‐19 and unvaccinated/pre‐pandemic samples, we showed that FRNA results using commercial and in‐house mAbs strongly correlated with those of the PRNT method while providing results in 70% less time. In addition to providing a fast, reliable, and high‐throughput alternative for measuring nAbs, the FRNA can be easily customized to assess SARS‐CoV‐2 VOCs. Additionally, the mAb we produced was able to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 in pulmonary tissues by immunohistochemistry assays.
Changes in HPV prevalence, incidence, and clearance following the use of HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among MSM in Xinjiang, China: An observational cohort study
Authors: Tian Tian , Fu Leiwen , Lu Zhen , Bian Junye , Zhou Xinyi , Wang Bingyi , Lin Yi‐Fan , Zhang Zewen , Liu Lirong , Xi Miaomiao , Zhen Chen , Dai Jianghong , Zou Huachun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe association between HIV pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and the natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) has not been well documented. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of PrEP on the prevalence, incidence, and clearance of anal HPV among men who have sex with men (MSM). Sexually active, HIV‐negative MSM aged 18 years and older in Xinjiang, China since September 1, 2016, were enrolled in an ongoing observational cohort study of HPV. At baseline and every 6 months, an anal swab was taken to test for HPV and a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics and sexual behaviors was collected. Those who consented to receive PrEP were enrolled in an open‐label PrEP intervention study from November 1, 2019, to June 30, 2021. This study analyzed data from participants present in the HPV cohort between November 1, 2019, and June 30, 2021. We compared the prevalence, incidence, and clearance of anal HPV between men who received PrEP (PrEP users) and those who did not (non‐PrEP users), and compared men before and after initiating PrEP. We calculated prevalence ratios (PRs), incidence rate ratios (IRRs), and clearance rate ratios (CRRs) for both comparisons. Of the 870 participants present in the HPV cohort during the period between November 1, 2019, and June 30, 2021, 859 had adequate β‐globin for HPV genotype testing and were included in our study. Among them, 429 were PrEP users, while 430 were non‐PrEP users. Median age was 32 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 26–38). Among PrEP users, 217 were tested for anal HPV before PrEP initiation. PrEP users had lower prevalence of HPV 45, 51, and 54 (PRs: 0.27 [95% CI: 0.09–0.80], 0.42 [0.21–0.85], and 0.41 [0.17–0.99], respectively) and lower clearance of HPV 16 (CRR: 0.31 [0.10–0.91]) compared with non‐PrEP users. PrEP users exhibited lower prevalence of HPV 51 (PR: 0.31 [0.12–0.84]), lower incidence of HPV 6, 11, 16, 39 and 61 (IRRs: 0.34 [0.13–0.90], 0.26 [0.08–0.87], 0.44 [0.21–0.91], 0.21 [0.05–0.93], and 0.19 [0.04–0.82], respectively), as well as higher clearance of HPV 52 (CRR: 2.17 [1.08–4.35]) after PrEP initiation. PrEP use may lower the risk of HPV infection among MSM in Xinjiang, China. Our findings further extend the knowledge of the impact of PrEP on sexually transmitted infections.
Dominant role of cold vortices on the precipitation in Northeast China still exists in midsummer
Authors: Xu Shi‐Qi , Gao Hui , Fang Yi‐He , Yang Xue‐Yan , Zhao Si‐Wen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe summer precipitation in Northeast China (NEC) can usually be divided into two stages, namely the Northeast China cold vortex (NECV) influencing stage in early summer (May–June) and the monsoon influencing stage in midsummer (July–August). In this study, the influence of NECV on the precipitation at multi‐timescales during different summer periods is studied. The results show that even in midsummer, though the effect of the western Pacific subtropical high is strengthened, the NECV still has the major impact on the precipitation over NEC. High co‐variability could be found between the daily precipitation and the NECV index in each month. The running correlation with an 11‐day window between precipitation and the NECV index also proves that the NECV has large impact on the precipitation over NEC during the whole summer. Key linkage of NECVs and the precipitation in midsummer can still be detected in synoptic extreme rainfall events. The composite analysis shows that, for the heavy rainfall extremes in NEC, the dominant circulation is an obvious ‘negative–positive–negative’ vorticity pattern at high latitudes of Asia. The positive vorticity in the pattern corresponds to stronger and more active NECV. That means the NECV is still the most critical factor affecting the NEC precipitation in midsummer.
A comparison of machine learning methods to find clinical trials for inclusion in new systematic reviews from their PROSPERO registrations prior to searching and screening
Authors: Liu Shifeng , Bourgeois Florence T. , Narang Claire , Dunn Adam G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSearching for trials is a key task in systematic reviews and a focus of automation. Previous approaches required knowing examples of relevant trials in advance, and most methods are focused on published trial articles. To complement existing tools, we compared methods for finding relevant trial registrations given a International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) entry and where no relevant trials have been screened for inclusion in advance. We compared SciBERT‐based (extension of Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) PICO extraction, MetaMap, and term‐based representations using an imperfect dataset mined from 3632 PROSPERO entries connected to a subset of 65,662 trial registrations and 65,834 trial articles known to be included in systematic reviews. Performance was measured by the median rank and recall by rank of trials that were eventually included in the published systematic reviews. When ranking trial registrations relative to PROSPERO entries, 296 trial registrations needed to be screened to identify half of the relevant trials, and the best performing approach used a basic term‐based representation. When ranking trial articles relative to PROSPERO entries, 162 trial articles needed to be screened to identify half of the relevant trials, and the best‐performing approach used a term‐based representation. The results show that MetaMap and term‐based representations outperformed approaches that included PICO extraction for this use case. The results suggest that when starting with a PROSPERO entry and where no trials have been screened for inclusion, automated methods can reduce workload, but additional processes are still needed to efficiently identify trial registrations or trial articles that meet the inclusion criteria of a systematic review.
Durability of intercalary endoprosthesis for humeral reconstruction
Authors: Labott Joshua R. , Heidenreich Mark J. , Broida Samuel E. , Mills Gavin L. , Rose Peter S. , Houdek Matthew T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe humerus is a common site of metastases and primary tumors. For some patients with a segmental defect and/or diaphyseal cortical destruction a cemented intercalary device may provide a more reliable construct, however data on their use is limited.MethodsWe reviewed 43 (28 male and 15 female) patients treated with an intercalary humeral spacer at a single tertiary referral center between 1989 and 2022. Humeral lesions were most commonly secondary to metastatic disease (n = 29, 68%), with 25 (58%) patients presenting with a pathologic fracture. Mean age and body mass index were 66 years and 27.9 kg/m2. First generation taper joint device were used in 22 patients and second‐generation lap device in 21 patients.ResultsFollowing reconstruction the 2‐year overall survival was 30%. Mechanical complications occurred in 11 patients, most commonly aseptic loosening (n = 6, 14%). With death as a competing risk, the cumulative incidence of mechanical failure was 28% at 2‐years postoperative. Following the procedure, mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores was 70% and mean shoulder elevation was 87°.ConclusionReconstruction of the humeral diaphysis with an intercalary endoprosthesis provides restoration of function of the upper extremity, however, is associated with one in four patients having mechanical failure.