bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Komparasi Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning (PjBL) dan Konvensional: Studi Pada Siswa Menengah Pertama
Authors: Rahayuningsih Sri , Nurasrawati  , Muhammad Nurhusain  
Published: January 2023

Metode pembelajaran konvensional tidak memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk berpartisipasi aktif pada proses pembelajaran. Hal ini mengakibatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa berada pada kategori rendah. Ketidakmampuan siswa dalam mengingat materi yang telah diajarkan oleh guru menjadi faktor utama rendahnya hasil belajar, khususnya di di SMP YP-PGRI 4 Makassar. Salah satu solusi untuk meminimalkan permasalahan siswa adalah melalui penerapan Project Based Learning (PjBL). Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah hasil belajar matematika yang diajar melalui Model Project based Learning PjBL lebih baik dibandingkan dengan siswa yang diajar melalui model pembelajaran Konvensional. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian eksperimen dengan metode komparasi. Hasil yang ditemukan adalah rata-rata hasil belajar matematika siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model PjBL lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan rata-rata hasil belajar matematika siswa yang diajar dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Konvensional. Oleh karena itu, Model PjBL menjadi rekomendasi untuk pembelajaran saat ini
Detection of turbulence occurrences from temperature, pressure, and position measurements under superpressure balloons
Authors: Wilson Richard , Pitois Clara , Podglajen Aurélien , Hertzog Albert , Corcos Milena , Plougonven Riwal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. This article deals with the detection of small-scale turbulence from in situ meteorological measurements performed under
superpressure balloons (SPBs). These balloons allow long-duration flights (several months) at a prerequisite height level. The data set is gathered from the Strateole-2 probationary campaign during which eights SPBs flew in the tropical tropopause layer at altitudes of around 19 and 20.5 km from November 2019 to March 2020. Turbulence is not directly measured by the instrument set onboard the SPBs.
Nonetheless, there is the potential to derive information about the occurrence of turbulence from the temporally well-resolved measurements of pressure, temperature, and position. It constitutes a challenge to extract the aforementioned information from a measurement set that was not designed for quantifying turbulence, and the paper explains the methodology developed to overcome this difficulty. It is observed that SPBs oscillate quasi-periodically around their equilibrium positions. The oscillation periods, which are 220 s on average with a range of 130 to 500 s, are close to but noticeably smaller than the Brunt–Väisälä period (∼300 s). The amplitude of these vertical motions is ∼±15 m, inducing large fluctuations in all quantities,
whether measured (e.g., pressure, temperature and position) or inferred (e.g., density and potential temperature). The relationships between the changes in these quantities and the vertical displacements of the balloons are used to infer properties of the flow in which the SPBs drift. In the case of active turbulence, the vertical stratification as well as the wind shear are likely to be reduced by mixing. Hence, the increments of potential temperature, δθ, and of the vertical displacements of the balloon, δzB, are expected to be uncorrelated because ∂θ/∂z→0. Moreover, the local vertical gradients of measured quantities, temperature (T) and horizontal velocities (u and v),
are estimated from the covariance of the increments of the considered quantity with δzB. The Richardson number of the flow is deduced. Several binary indexes (true or false) to describe the state of the flow,
laminar or turbulent, are evaluated. These turbulence indexes, based either on correlations between δθ and δzB or on estimates of the local Richardson number, are found to be consistent, as they differ in less than 3 % of cases. The flow is observed to be turbulent for about 5 % of the time, with strong inhomogeneities along the longitude.
Multi-method study of the Middle Pleistocene loess–palaeosol sequence of Köndringen, SW Germany
Authors: Schwahn Lea , Schulze Tabea , Fülling Alexander , Zeeden Christian , Preusser Frank , Sprafke Tobias 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Loess–palaeosol sequences (LPSs) remain poorly
investigated in the southern part of the Upper Rhine Graben but represent an important element to understand the environmental context controlling
sediment dynamics in the area. A multi-method approach applied to the LPS at Köndringen reveals that its formation occurred during several
glacial–interglacial cycles. Field observations, as well as colour,
grain size, magnetic susceptibility, organic carbon, and carbonate content
measured in three profiles at 5 cm resolution, provide detailed
stratigraphical information. Only minor parts of the LPS are made up of
loess sediment, whereas the major parts are polygenetic palaeosols and
pedosediments of varying development that are partly intersected, testifying to a complex local geomorphic evolution. The geochronological framework is based on 10 cm resolution infrared-stimulated luminescence (IRSL) screening
combined with 18 multi-elevated-temperature post-IR IRSL ages. The
luminescence ages indicate that two polygenetic, truncated Luvisols formed
during marine isotope stages (MISs) 9(–7?) and MIS 5e, whereas unaltered
loess units correspond to the last glacial (MISs 5d–2) and MIS 8. The
channel-like structure containing the two truncated Luvisols cuts into
> 2 m thick pedosediments apparently deposited during MIS 12. At
the bottom of the LPS, a horizon with massive carbonate concretions (loess
dolls) occurs, which may correspond to at least one older interglacial.
Argo salinity: bias and uncertainty evaluation
Authors: Wong Annie P. S. , Gilson John , Cabanes Cécile 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Argo salinity is a key set of in situ ocean measurements for many
scientific applications. However, use of the raw, unadjusted salinity data
should be done with caution as they may contain bias from various instrument
problems, most significant being from sensor calibration drift in the
conductivity cells. For example, inclusion of biased but unadjusted Argo
salinity has been shown to lead to spurious results in the global sea level
estimates. Argo delayed-mode salinity data are data that have been evaluated
and, if needed, adjusted for sensor drift. These delayed-mode data represent
an improvement over the raw data because of the reduced bias, the detailed
quality control flags, and the provision of uncertainty estimates. Such
improvement may help researchers in scientific applications that are
sensitive to salinity errors. Both the raw data and the delayed-mode data
can be accessed via https://doi.org/10.17882/42182 (Argo, 2022). In this
paper, we first describe the Argo delayed-mode process. The bias in the raw
salinity data is then analyzed by using the adjustments that have been
applied in delayed mode. There was an increase in salty bias in the raw Argo
data beginning around 2015 and peaking during 2017–2018. This salty bias is
expected to decrease in the coming years as the underlying manufacturer
problem has likely been resolved. The best ways to use Argo data to ensure
that the instrument bias is filtered out are then described. Finally, a
validation of the Argo delayed-mode salinity dataset is carried out to
quantify residual errors and regional variations in uncertainty. These
results reinforce the need for continual re-evaluation of this global
dataset.
Inter-comparison and evaluation of Arctic sea ice type products
Authors: Ye Yufang , Luo Yanbing , Sun Yan , Shokr Mohammed , Aaboe Signe , Girard-Ardhuin Fanny , Hui Fengming , Cheng Xiao , Chen Zhuoqi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Arctic sea ice type (SITY) variation is a sensitive
indicator of climate change. However, systematic inter-comparison and
analysis for SITY products are lacking. This study analysed eight daily SITY
products from five retrieval approaches covering the winters of 1999–2019,
including purely radiometer-based (C3S-SITY), scatterometer-based (KNMI-SITY
and IFREMER-SITY) and combined ones (OSISAF-SITY and Zhang-SITY). These SITY
products were inter-compared against a weekly sea ice age product (i.e. NSIDC-SIA – National Snow and Ice Data Center sea ice age) and evaluated with five synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. The
average Arctic multiyear ice (MYI) extent difference between the SITY
products and NSIDC-SIA varies from -1.32×106 to 0.49×106 km2. Among them, KNMI-SITY and
Zhang-SITY in the QuikSCAT (QSCAT) period (2002–2009) agree best with NSIDC-SIA and
perform the best, with the smallest bias of -0.001×106 km2 in first-year ice (FYI) extent and
-0.02×106 km2 in MYI
extent. In the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) period (2007–2019), KNMI-SITY tends to
overestimate MYI (especially in early winter), whereas Zhang-SITY and
IFREMER-SITY tend to underestimate MYI. C3S-SITY performs well in some early
winter cases but exhibits large temporal variabilities like OSISAF-SITY.
Factors that could impact performances of the SITY products are analysed and
summarized. (1) The Ku-band scatterometer generally performs better than the C-band
scatterometer for SITY discrimination, while the latter sometimes identifies FYI more accurately, especially when surface scattering
dominates the backscatter signature. (2) A simple combination of scatterometer
and radiometer data is not always beneficial without further rules of
priority. (3) The representativeness of training data and efficiency of
classification are crucial for SITY classification. Spatial and temporal
variation in characteristic training datasets should be well accounted for in the
SITY method. (4) Post-processing corrections play important roles and should
be considered with caution.
UJI AKTIVITAS SEDIAAN GEL EKSTRAK DAUN KENIKIR (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) TERHADAP KECEPATAN PENYEMBUHAN LUKA SAYAT PADA PUNGGUNG KELINCI
Authors: Suhartinah Suhartinah 
Published: January 2023

Latar belakang
Tanaman Kenikir (Cosmos caudatus Kunth) merupakan tanaman yang banyak tumbuh di Indonesia. Kandungan antioksidan dalam daun kenikir dapat mencegah kerusakan jaringan yang merangsang proses penyembuhan luka seperti flavonid, alkaloid, saponin dan tanin. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ekstrak daun Kenikir dapat diformulasikan sebagai sediaan gel yang memenuhi uji mutu fisik dan formulasi yang efektif terhadap kecepatan penyembuhan luka sayat pada punggung kelinci.
Metode Penelitian
Proses maserasi simplisia daun kenikir dengan etanol 96% untuk selanjutnya dibuat sediaan gel. Pada uji mutu fisik sediaan gel meliputi uji organoleptis, uji pH, uji homogenitas, daya lekat, daya sebar, viskositas, dan uji stabilitas. Pengujian aktivitas terhadap kecepatan penyembuhan luka sayat menggunakan 5 hewan uji kelinci jantan yang diberi 5 perlakuan, yaitu formula 1 (gel ekstrak daun kenikir 7,5%), formula 2 (gel ekstrak daun kenikir 15%), formula 3 (gel ekstrak daun kenikir 22,5%), Moist Expoxed Burn Ointment (MEBO) kontrol positif dan basis gel sebagai kontrol negatif.
Hasil Penelitian
Semua formula gel ekstrak daun kenikir memenuhi uji mutu fisik dan stabilitas yang baik serta efektif untuk penyembuhan luka sayat pada punggung kelinci.
Kesimpulan
Hasil uji aktivitas penyembuhan luka sayat yang paling efektif adalah formula 3 dengan persentase penurunan panjang luka yang setara dengan kontrol positif.
Висвітлення ролі курсу «Екологія та безпека життєдіяльності» у формуванні компетенцій забезпечення особистої, професійної та екологічної безпеки майбутніх фахівців з інформаційних технологій
Authors: Герасимчук Олена 
Published: January 2023

У статті визначено та проаналізовано роль освітнього середовища у формуванні нового мислення, що сприяє усвідомленому ставленню до власної та колективної безпеки. Стаття розкриває питання значущості викладання інтегрованого курсу «Екологія та безпека життєдіяльності» у процесі підготовки фахівців галузі знань 12 «Інформаційні технології». Метою статті є висвітлення ролі дисципліни «Екологія та безпека життєдіяльності» у формуванні компетенцій забезпечення особистої, професійної та екологічної безпеки як складових професійної компетентності майбутніх фахівців з інформаційних технологій. Окреслено завдання дисципліни «Екологія та безпека життєдіяльності», яке полягає в тому, щоб навчити студентів ідентифікувати потенційні небезпеки, тобто розпізнавати їх види, визначати величину і ймовірність їх прояву; усвідомлювати функціональну нерозривність людини й навколишнього середовища, їхній взаємний вплив, що відображається не тільки на життєдіяльності, а й на способі мислення, активній соціальній позиції, особистій безпеці людини та стані довкілля. Визначено її зв'язок з іншими дисциплінами загальної та професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців. Проаналізовано загальні компетентності, що формуються у результаті вивчення дисципліни при підготовці за спеціальностями, що належать до галузі знань «Інформаційні технології». Визначено основні проблеми її викладання, визначено чинники, що слугують кращому засвоєнню матеріалу. Дослідження проблем безпеки життєдіяльності однієї людини чи суспільства в цілому необхідно проводити без відриву від екологічних, технологічних, економічних, соціальних, організаційних та інших компонентів. Всі вони є взаємопов’язаними, кожний із них здійснює вплив на інший, впливаючи на рівень життя, здоров’я, доброту людей.
Capítulo 3. La polarización discursiva como estrategia de comunicación en las cuentas de líderes y partidos políticos en Twitter
Authors: Marín-Albaladejo Juan Antonio 
Published: January 2023

Los discursos proyectados en medios sociales por los líderes y las cuentas vinculadas a sus partidos pueden contribuir al crecimiento de la crispación en el debate público y la polarización afectiva entre grupos con posturas políticas opuestas. El despliegue constante de una retórica maniquea que fomenta las divisiones sociales e incide en los ataques contra los adversarios se asocia a menudo con las estrategias que permiten a determinados actores políticos y mediáticos captar una mayor atención en la conversación digital y reforzar identidades tribales entre sus seguidores. En este capítulo se exponen una serie de mecanismos discursivos polarizadores con los que diversas formaciones políticas y sus dirigentes trazan antagonismos excluyentes en mensajes publicados en Twitter. No obstante, también se explica que estos elementos suelen ser característicos del estilo comunicativo de los populismos y las opciones situadas en los extremos ideológicos y, por consiguiente, tienden a hallarse sobre todo en los perfiles de este tipo de partidos y figuras públicas. La propia dinámica de funcionamiento de algunas herramientas digitales y el éxito de campañas centradas en la estigmatización del oponente hacen que resulte difícil atajar el protagonismo de los debates emocionales y la difusión de encuadres polarizantes en las redes y la agenda mediática. De modo que para comprender mejor el crecimiento de la polarización es preciso poner el foco en los incentivos que tienen determinados agentes para la utilización continua de discursos inflamantes, en los que abunda un lenguaje provocador que fomenta la hostilidad hacia los rivales políticos.
Palabras clave: polarización, discurso, twitter, partidos, comunicación política estratégica, populismo.
Prólogo
Authors: Waisbord Silvio 
Published: January 2023

Este libro ofrece un panorama actualizado y minucioso sobre cuestiones centrales en el estudio de la comunicación política en tiempos de polarización. Considerando la limitada literatura en castellano sobre el tema, éste es un valioso aporte sobre problemas centrales que merecen atención e investigación. El punto de partida son los desafíos de la polarización, especialmente de la polarización afectiva, para la democracia y la dificultad de entrever soluciones factibles. Puesto que el conflicto es intrínseco a la política, la democracia promete la existencia de mecanismos efectivos para expresar, resolver y trascender conflictos. Del antagonismo puro, sin mediaciones ni resoluciones, no se construye un orden democrático estable, sino que se alimentan tensiones constantes que amenazan la calidad de la política. Esto es así particularmente cuando las identidades políticas están ancladas en la exclusión del otro, en intentar expugnar espacios de oposición e instalar mecanismos para suprimir la disidencia. El discurso del odio opera como facilitador de tales identidades que, lejos de ser hechos democráticos de expresión y reafirmación de la diferencia, se convierten en impulsores de la exclusión política y social. Además, sienta las bases para proyectos autoritarios que apunten a erigir identidades parciales como identidades totalizantes. Esta es una amenaza permanente a la multiculturalidad y diversidad política.
Palabras clave: comunicación política, polarización, red, democracia, discurso del odio, elecciones, comunicación digital.
Влияние приверженности к медикаментозному лечению на показатели физической активности пациентов, перенесших инфаркт миокарда
Authors: Николаев К. Ю. , Акиншин А. В. , Недрага Е. А. , Лифшиц Г. И. 
Published: January 2023

Цель исследования: изучить влияние приверженности к медикаментозной терапии на показатели физической активности, оцениваемой по тесту шестиминутной ходьбы, у пациентов, перенесших инфаркт миокарда.Материал и методы. Общеклинические методы обследования, анкетирование пациентов с помощью опросника Мориски – Грина (MMAS-4), выполнение теста шестиминутной ходьбы, статистические методы анализа.Результаты. По результатам оценки приверженности к медикаментозной терапии 28 пациентов (62,2 %) отнесены к категории высокоприверженных (уровень по опроснику Мориски – Грина 4 балла из 4), а 17 пациентов (37,8 %) были низкоприверженны (уровень менее 4 баллов по опроснику Мориски – Грина). Обнаружена положительная корреляционная связь между уровнем приверженности к медикаментозной терапии и пройденной дистанцией при тесте шестиминутной ходьбы у пациентов, перенесших инфаркт миокарда (r = 0,345; p = 0,020).Выводы. Приверженность к назначенной медикаментозной терапии прямо влияет на показатели физической активности пациентов, перенесших инфаркт миокарда, оцениваемые по величине пройденной дистанции во время теста шестиминутной ходьбы.
Criminal Intent and the Ruthless Risk-Taker
Authors: Lilienthal Gary , Ahmad Nehaluddin 
Published: January 2023

Criminal Intent and the Ruthless Risk-Taker
Senator Jana Stewart said, on 27 July 2022, that Australia’s failure to cognise its genocides on First Nations people obstructs progress. The research objective is a critical analysis of criminal intention in genocide. A ‘ruthless risk-taker’ denotes a killer whose conduct was not directly calculated to kill, with callous disregard for human life, so as to label him or her as ‘murderer’. Officials continuing genocidal acts are ruthless risk-takers. The question asks about the character of criminal intent. Argument proposes that, in the English law, criminal intent to commit murder has been truncated by judicial legislation. The research is legal doctrinal research, set out as a legal narrative analysis. Judicial labelling was a precursor to punishment by stigmatisation, and juries should infer intent only for rare cases. This is because proof of the defendant’s foresight either of death or of grievous bodily harm, at minimum as a probable outcome of his or her actions was different from proof that he or she actually intended the consequence. Few ruthless risk-takers would have foreseen death or serious injury to the required degree. The cognitive approach to mens rea will never return a satisfactory answer to the ruthless risk-taker problem, without actual proof of intent. In consequence of these outcomes, genocidal acts in Australia must first be assessed as having been commissioned either by ruthless risk-takers, or not. If they were ruthless risk-takers, their intent must be proved at a very high degree of certainty. If not, their intent may be inferred from the natural consequences of their actions.
Clustering Panjang Ruas Jalan di BBPJN Sumut Menggunakan Algoritma K-Means
Authors: Rosadi Mitha , Aulia Nurhasanah Dhea , Siddik Hasibuan Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

Abstrak
Jalan adalah prasarana perhubungan darat yang menjadi jalur transportasi yang sangat vital. Pengelompokkan panjang ruas jalan adalah hal yang belum diketahui pada Data Ruas Jalan di BBPJN Sumut. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini akan membahas Clustering Panjang Ruas Jalan di Sumatera Utara. Metode yang digunakan adalah K-Means Clustering Data Mining. Dengan metode K-Means Clustering, data yang telah didapatkan dapat dikelompokkan menjadi beberapa Cluster, dimana proses K-Means Clustering diterapkan dengan menggunakan RapidMiner. Data yang digunakan adalah data ruas jalan Sumatera Utara, area yang tercatat meliputi Jl. BTS. PROV. ACEH - SIMPANG PANGKALAN SUSU hingga Jl. ONAN RUNGGU - TOMOK. Dapat dibagi menjadi 3 Cluster: pendek (C1), sedang (C2) dan panjang (C3). Hasil yang diperoleh adalah terdapat 118 jalan dengan Cluster tingkat pendek (C1), 37 jalan dengan Cluster tingkat sedang (C2), dan 21 jalan dengan Cluster tingkat panjang (C3). Hal ini dapat menjadi masukan bagi BBPJN Sumut untuk mengetahui batas ruas jalan tingkat pendek, tingkat sedang dan tingkat panjang jalan.
Kata kunci: Clustering, K-Means, Data Mining, RapidMiner
The Effectiveness of Trap Colors Against the Catch of Rice Plant Pests
Authors: Santi Idum Satia , Firmansyah Erick , Febrian Bayu Muhlin , Listianto Herry 
Published: January 2023

The use of traps is one of the environmentally friendly pest controls. Insects have a preference for the colour of objects. The research aims to determine trap colours' effectiveness in catching rice plant pests. The research was conducted from June to July 2021 in Depok, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. The study used a descriptive observational method on an 8-week-old rice planting area. The colour traps used are white, red, green, yellow, and blue. The experiment used a completely randomized design with five replications. The results showed that the yellow trap produced the most insect catches, namely 545 insects, and the white colour produced the lowest catch of 74 heads. Pests that are heavily trapped in a row from the most to the least are Hydrelia sp, Leptocorisa oratorius, Nephotettix virescens, Pareaucosmetus sp, and Nilaparvata lugens. The most trapped is Hydrellia sp, as much as 78% of the total trapped insect pests. Effective trap installation time in the morning.