bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnitude of chronic osteomyelitis and its associated factors in children as diagnosed on X-ray visiting at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mulualem Biruk , Belay Genetu , Bogale Eyob Ketema 
Published: March 2023

Objectives: To assess the magnitude of chronic osteomyelitis and its associated factors in children at Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, in 2022. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was done between April 15, 2022 and August 15, 2022, in children with an age of 18 years or below, who visited Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. A total sample size of 168 participants was involved in the study. The random sampling technique was applied to select the study participants. The data were collected from the patients, their charts, and X-ray requests. The data were cleaned, stored, checked for completeness, and entered into EpiData Version 3.1, which were then exported to SPSS Version 23 for analysis. Descriptive analysis was done, and bivariable and multivariable logistic regression were used for analysis. Results: The prevalence of chronic osteomyelitis was found to be 86.3%. The tibia and femur were the most commonly involved bones, and metaphyseal involvement was very common. The most common radiological findings were sequestrum (56%) and involucrum (53%). Of the total patients with radiological evidence of chronic osteomyelitis, 16.6% had complications, the most common of which was a pathologic fracture (12.4%). Being male (adjusted odds ratio = 6.162, 95% confidence interval: 1.12–34.147), being over 10 years old (adjusted odds ratio = 4.048, 95% confidence interval: 1.032–15.886), living in a rural area (adjusted odds ratio = 4.046, 95% confidence interval: 1.236–13.364), having a discharging sinus (adjusted odds ratio = 5.237, 95% confidence interval: 1.393–19.693), having a clinical complaint lasting more than 1 year (adjusted odds ratio = 5.189, 95% confidence interval: 1.247–21.588), and a preceding event of trauma (adjusted odds ratio = =10.363, 95% confidence interval: 1.101–97.509) were the factors associated with chronic osteomyelitis. Conclusion: The prevalence of chronic osteomyelitis is high. In this study, being male, being in the age group above 10 years, having rural residency, having a discharging sinus, having a clinical complaint duration of more than 1 year, and having a preceding event of trauma were the factors associated with chronic osteomyelitis. Therefore, healthcare providers should have a high index of suspicion of chronic osteomyelitis in older male children from rural areas with a chronic discharging sinus following trauma.
Atypical Vancouver B1 Periprosthetic Fractures: The Unsolved Problem
Authors: Vicenti Giovanni , Solarino Giuseppe , Ottaviani Guglielmo , Carrozzo Massimiliano , Simone Filippo , Zavattini Giacomo , Zaccari Domenico , Buono Claudio , Bizzoca Davide , Maccagnano Giuseppe , Moretti Biagio 
Published: March 2023

Atypical femoral fractures (AFF) are stress or insufficiency fractures induced by low energy trauma or no trauma, frequently correlated with prolonged bisphosphonate therapy. The diagnosis follows major and minor criteria, originally described by the Task Force of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research in 2010 and updated in 2014. However, the definition of AFFs in the report excluded periprosthetic fractures. When atypical fractures occur close to a prosthetic implant the situation become critical, the surgical treatment is often demolitive and supported by medical treatment. Moreover, acute ORIF as a first line treatment is frequently burdened by a high failure rate , and often a stem revision is required as second line treatment. The healing process is long and difficult with poor functional results and impairing outcomes. We present a case treated at our institution of a 78 year old woman with a history of a femoral atypical periprosthetic fracture, complicated by multiple surgical revisions. Its arduous management reflects all the difficulties that these type of fractures could present to the surgeon, while its good final result may teach us how to approach them in a correct way.
The Experience of Being Male Nurse: Exploring the Enhancing Factors and Barriers of Jordanian Nursing Students
Authors: Shudifat Raed , Algunmeeyn Abdullah , Shoqirat Noordeen , Alja'afreh Mahmoud 
Published: March 2023

Introduction Despite advances in health care and education, males continue to be considered a minority in nursing programs. Little is known about the decision of Jordanian male nursing students to become nurses. Objective The purpose of this research was to explore the factors that encourage or discourage Jordanian male nursing students from pursuing a career in nursing. Methods A qualitative narrative approach was used for this study. Data were collected using semi-structured individual interviews. Purposive sampling was used in the research. In this study, interviews were conducted with a sample of 28 male college students. Results The current study discovered that the following six themes exemplified the male nursing students’ lives: “helping and caring,” “job security and economic stability,” “parents and peer influence,” “level of autonomy,” “social stigma,” and “long working hours.” Conclusion The study's findings highlighted the importance of researching male nursing students’ motivating and inhibiting factors.
FOXP1 regulates oxidative stress, SIRT1 expression, and resistance to chemotherapies in acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Levavasseur Francoise , Oussous Samia , Zubaidan Tuerdi , Kosmider Olivier , Pendino Frédéric , Rombaut David , Bouscary Didier , Fontenay Michaela , Lauret Evelyne , Dusanter-Fourt Isabelle 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Transcription factor Forkhead box P1 (FOXP1) belongs to the same protein family as the FOXOs that are well-known regulators of murine hematopoietic stem progenitor cell (HSPC) maintenance via dampening oxidative stress. FOXP1 and FOXOs can play opposite, or similar, roles depending on cell context; they can crossregulate each other’s expression. In a previous study, we have shown that FOXP1 contributes to healthy human HSPC and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell growth. Here, we investigated the role of FOXP1 in HSPCs and AML cell oxidative stress defense in a human context. FOXP1 expression level was associated with an inferior survival outcome in patients with cytogenetically normal AML. FOXP1 knockdown enhanced superoxide anion levels of human-committed CD34+CD38+ cells but not stem cell–enriched CD34+CD38− HSPCs or AML cells in vitro. FOXP1 knockdown triggered enhanced NRF2 activity and increased cell oxidative stress. FOXP1 had no impact on FOXO1/3/4 expression in these cells; genetic and pharmacological inhibition of FOXOs did not change superoxide anion levels of human HSPCs or AML cells. Moreover, FOXP1 antioxidant activity was independent of changes in expression of superoxide dismutase 1 and 2 or catalase. Instead, FOXP1 upregulated expression of the stress sensor SIRT1 by stabilizing SIRT1 protein. FOXP1 loss sensitized AML cells to chemotherapy. Together, this study identified FOXP1 as a new safeguard against myeloid progenitor oxidative stress, which works independently of FOXOs but through SIRT1 and contributes to AML chemoresistance. It proposes FOXP1 expression/activity as a promising target to overcome drug resistance of AML HSPCs.
Barriers and facilitators of integration of pharmacists in the provision of clinical pharmacy services in Tanzania
Authors: Kilonzi Manase , Mutagonda Ritah F. , Mlyuka Hamu J. , Mwakawanga Dorkasi L. , Mikomangwa Wigilya P. , Kibanga Wema A. , Marealle Alphonce Ignace , Mallya Bertha , Katabalo Deogratias , Sanga Sofia , Kalokola Fredrick , Rwegasha John , Magambo Rose , Mmassy John , Kabissi Sungwa , Balati Josephine A. , Maduki Peter , OmaryMashikuMinzi  , Kamuhabwa Appolinary A. R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Collaboration between medical doctors and nurses in the provision of healthcare services has been there for decades. The concept of clinical pharmacy services as a main goal for pharmacy practice is relatively new and is yielding more positive results for healthcare providers (HCPs), patients, and the health system. This study assessed barriers and facilitators toward the integration of pharmacists in the provision of CPS in Tanzania.

Methods
A qualitative study was conducted in five tertiary hospitals representing Tanzania mainland. Ten (10) focus group discussions (FGDs) with 83 HCPs and 14 in-depth interviews (IDIs) with hospital administrators in referral hospitals were conducted between August and September 2021. The experienced qualitative researchers moderated the IDIs and FGDs, and all discussions were audio-recorded. Finally, the audios were transcribed verbatim, and analysis was done using a thematic approach.

Results
Limited skills, lack of confidence, poor communication, inferiority, and superiority behaviors among HCPs were among the mentioned barriers. Shortage of pharmacists, lack of in-job training, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and guidelines were also mentioned. The study noted the high acceptability of CPS by other HCPs, the positive perception of pharmacists, and the recognition of CPS by the Tanzania Pharmacy Act and regulation.

Conclusion
The facilitators and barriers to the integration of pharmacists in the provision of CPS lie at the individual, health facility, and health system levels. Therefore, the study recommends in-job pharmacists training, fostering teamwork among HCPs, and development of CPS SoPs, and guidelines.
Examining the relationship between health literacy and quality of life: evidence from older people admitted to the hospital
Authors: Mehralian Gholamhossein , Yusefi Ali Reza , Davarani Esmat Rezabeigi , Ahmadidarrehsima Sudabeh , Nikmanesh Parnian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Literacy has become an increasingly serious problem, especially as it relates to health care. In this regard, health literacy (HL), as a cognitive skill, has proven to be an influential factor to improve of the quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to examine the level of HL and its relationship with the QOL of older people at the time of discharge from the hospital in the south of Iran.

Methods
This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study included 300 older people admitted and treated in 10 teaching-therapeutic hospitals affiliated with the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2021. The standard Health Literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA) questionnaire and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) were used to collect the required data. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 23 software using descriptive and inferential statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, T-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression at p = 0.05.

Results
The mean scores of Hl and QOL for older people were 48.22 ± 9.63 (out of 100) and 61.59 ± 12.43 (out of 120), respectively. Moreover, there was a significant direct correlation between the participants’ HL and their QOL (r=0.388, p<0.001). All dimensions of HL, including comprehension (β=0.461, p<0.001), decision-making and behavior (β=0.434, p<0.001), access (β=0.397, p<0.001), reading skill (β=0.362, p=0.002), and assessment (β=0.278, p=0.004), were significant relationship with QOL. A statistically significant difference was revealed between the mean scores of HL regarding the participants’ gender (p=0.04) and level of education (p=0.001). Furthermore, the mean scores of QOL were significantly different with regard to older people’s gender (p=0.02), marital status (p=0.03), level of education (p=0.002), and income (p=0.01).

Conclusion
The findings revealed the participants’ inadequate HL and average QOL. Considering the relationship of HL with QOL, it is recommended to develop comprehensive programs and effective interventions to develop HL skills and subsequently improve QOL among older people.
Does telehealth affect the adherence to ART among patients with HIV? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Esmaeili Elham Davtalab , Azizi Hosein , Dastgiri Saeed , Kalankesh Leila R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Several studies have shown different effects of telehealth interventions on adherence to Antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV. This study conducted a meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) to estimate the pooled effect of telehealth interventions on the treatment adherence of HIV patients.

Methods
The researchers conducted literature searches in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. In addition, open grey was systematically searched until January 2022 for RCTs around the effects of telehealth on adherence to treatment ART among patients with HIV. Each study’s methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Pooled Standard Mean Differences (SMD) and Risk Ratio (RR) with 95% CI were calculated using the random effects model.

Results
In total, 12 eligible articles were considered in the present systematic review. A random-effects meta-analysis using 5 RCTs yielded the pooled RR estimate of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.35, p < 0.05); I2 = 0, suggesting the adherence to treatment among patients with HIV who received telehealth intervention was significantly 18% upper than control groups. Moreover, the random effects analysis of SMD showed a positive effect for telehealth with SMR = 0.36 (95% CI: 0.22 to 0.49, p < 0.05); I2 = 91.9%, indicating that telehealth intervention increased ART adherence to the treatment group compared to the control group.

Conclusion
Telehealth intervention as a new modality of health care service delivery could be a valuable strategy to improve ART adherence among patients with HIV. It can strengthen the capacity of HIV care services. On a large scale, telehealth can be utilized as a supplementary component for ART delivery and retention toward successful adherence to the therapy.
Politics of COVID-19 vaccination in Japan: how governing incumbents’ representation affected regional rollout variation
Authors: Kikuchi M. , Ishihara S. , Kohno M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite initial delay, Japan’s COVID-19 vaccination accelerated remarkably from May to September 2021 under the leadership of Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga. His “campaign” for vaccination, however, did not yield uniform results nationwide.

Methods
To highlight political determinants for the regional variation, we employ ordinary least squares regression analyses to investigate how the share/presence of incumbent politicians belonging to the governing parties, the Liberal Democratic Party and Komei Party, influenced the varying progress of rollouts across prefectures as well as across cities/towns/villages. The data on the vaccination rate for all 47 prefectures was obtained from Government Chief Information Officer (CIO)’s Portal, Japan (GCPJ) approximately one month prior to the anticipated general election, the national election for the more important House of Representatives of Japan’s bicameral parliament (Diet). The data for lower administrative units, though its availability was limited to only three prefectures, was obtained from the respective governments of Kagawa and Ehime and from a local newspaper in Gifu.

Results
The findings reveal that at both prefectural and sub-prefectural administrative levels, the share/presence of the governing parties’ representation in the national parliament had a positive and statistically significant effect on the region’s vaccination progress, after controlling for the local proliferation of COVID-19 and demographic characteristics.

Conclusion
Our findings contribute insights into the understudied area of the contemporary COVID-19 health environment, namely how the political dynamics of democracy affect the pattern of vaccine dissemination in Japan.

Trial registration
: Not applicable.
Identification of immune cells infiltrating in hippocampus and key genes associated with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Liu Chenming , Xu Sutong , Liu Qiulu , Chai Huazhen , Luo Yuping , Li Siguang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia and is primarily associated with memory impairment and cognitive decline, but the etiology of AD has not been elucidated. In recent years, evidence has shown that immune cells play critical roles in AD pathology. In the current study, we collected the transcriptomic data of the hippocampus from gene expression omnibus database, and investigated the effect of immune cell infiltration in the hippocampus on AD, and analyzed the key genes that influence the pathogenesis of AD patients. The results revealed that the relative abundance of immune cells in the hippocampus of AD patients was altered. Of all given 28 kinds of immune cells, monocytes were the important immune cell associated with AD. We identified 4 key genes associated with both AD and monocytes, including KDELR1, SPTAN1, CDC16 and RBBP6, and they differentially expressed in 5XFAD mice and WT mice. The logistic regression and random forest models based on the 4 key genes could effectively distinguish AD from healthy samples. Our research provided a new perspective on immunotherapy for AD patients.
Laboratory evaluation of the miniature direct-on-blood PCR nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (mini-dbPCR-NALFIA), a simplified molecular diagnostic test for Plasmodium
Authors: van Dijk Norbert J. , Menting Sandra , Wentink-Bonnema Ellen M. S. , Broekhuizen-van Haaften Patricia E. , Withycombe Elen , Schallig Henk D. F. H. , Mens Petra F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Point-of-care diagnosis of malaria is currently based on microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests. However, both techniques have their constraints, including poor sensitivity for low parasitaemias. Hence, more accurate diagnostic tests for field use and routine clinical settings are warranted. The miniature direct-on-blood PCR nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (mini-dbPCR-NALFIA) is an innovative, easy-to-use molecular assay for diagnosis of malaria in resource-limited settings. Unlike traditional molecular methods, mini-dbPCR-NALFIA does not require DNA extraction and makes use of a handheld, portable thermal cycler that can run on a solar-charged power pack. Result read-out is done using a rapid lateral flow strip enabling differentiation of Plasmodium falciparum and non-falciparum malaria infections. A laboratory evaluation was performed to assess the performance of the mini-dbPCR-NALFIA for diagnosis of pan-Plasmodium and P. falciparum infections in whole blood.

Methods
Diagnostic accuracy of the mini-dbPCR-NALFIA was determined by testing a set of Plasmodium-positive blood samples from returned travellers (n = 29), and Plasmodium-negative blood samples from travellers with suspected malaria (n = 23), the Dutch Blood Bank (n = 19) and intensive care patients at the Amsterdam University Medical Centers (n = 16). Alethia Malaria (LAMP) with microscopy for species differentiation were used as reference. Limit of detection for P. falciparum was determined by 23 measurements of a dilution series of a P. falciparum culture. A fixed sample set was tested three times by the same operator to evaluate the repeatability, and once by five different operators to assess the reproducibility.

Results
Overall sensitivity and specificity of the mini-dbPCR-NALFIA were 96.6% (95% CI, 82.2%–99.9%) and 98.3% (95% CI, 90.8%–100%). Limit of detection for P. falciparum was 10 parasites per microlitre of blood. The repeatability of the assay was 93.7% (95% CI, 89.5%–97.8%) and reproducibility was 84.6% (95% CI, 79.5%–89.6%).

Conclusions
Mini-dbPCR-NALFIA is a sensitive, specific and robust method for molecular diagnosis of Plasmodium infections in whole blood and differentiation of P. falciparum. Incorporation of a miniature thermal cycler makes the assay well-adapted to resource-limited settings. A phase-3 field trial is currently being conducted to evaluate the potential implementation of this tool in different malaria transmission areas.
Using antenatal care as a platform for malaria surveillance data collection: study protocol
Authors: Gutman Julie R. , Mwesigwa Julia Nanteza , Arnett Kyra , Kangale Chabu , Aaron Sijenunu , Babarinde Dele , Buekens Julie , Candrinho Baltazar , Debe Siaka , Digre Peder , Drake Mary , Gansané Adama , Gogue Christelle , Griffith Kevin S. , Hicks Joseph , Kinda Réné , Koenker Hannah , Lemwayi Ruth , Munsey Anna , Obi Emmanuel , Ogouyèmi-Hounto Aurore , Okoko Okefu Oyale , Onikpo Faustin , Onoja Ali , Porter Travis , Savaio Binete , Tynuv Kenzie , Uhomoibhi Perpetua , Wagman Joseph , Wolf Katherine , Zulliger Rose , Walker Patrick , Miller John M. , Robertson Molly 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
While many malaria-endemic countries have health management information systems that can measure and report malaria trends in a timely manner, these routine systems have limitations. Periodic community cross-sectional household surveys are used to estimate malaria prevalence and intervention coverage but lack geographic granularity and are resource intensive. Incorporating malaria testing for all women at their first antenatal care (ANC) visit (i.e., ANC1) could provide a more timely and granular source of data for monitoring trends in malaria burden and intervention coverage. This article describes a protocol designed to assess if ANC-based surveillance could be a pragmatic tool to monitor malaria.

Methods
This is an observational, cross-sectional study conducted in Benin, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Zambia. Pregnant women attending ANC1 in selected health facilities will be tested for malaria infection by rapid diagnostic test and administered a brief questionnaire to capture key indicators of malaria control intervention coverage and care-seeking behaviour. In each location, contemporaneous cross-sectional household surveys will be leveraged to assess correlations between estimates obtained using each method, and the use of ANC data as a tool to track trends in malaria burden and intervention coverage will be validated.

Results
This study will assess malaria prevalence at ANC1 aggregated at health facility and district levels, and by gravidity relative to current pregnancy (i.e., gravida 1, gravida 2, and gravida 3 +). ANC1 malaria prevalence will be presented as monthly trends. Additionally, correlation between ANC1 and household survey–derived estimates of malaria prevalence, bed net ownership and use, and care-seeking will be assessed.

Conclusion
ANC1-based surveillance has the potential to provide a cost-effective, localized measure of malaria prevalence that is representative of the general population and useful for tracking monthly changes in parasite prevalence, as well as providing population-representative estimates of intervention coverage and care-seeking behavior. This study will evaluate the representativeness of these measures and collect information on operational feasibility, usefulness for programmatic decision-making, and potential for scale-up of malaria ANC1 surveillance.