bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calculation of Dark Matter as a Feature of Space–Time
Authors: Handel Peter H. , Splett Klara E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe derive the first analytical formula for the density of "Dark Matter" (DM) at all length scales, thus also for the rotation curves of stars in galaxies, for the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation and for planetary systems, from Einstein's equations (EE) and classical approximations, in agreement with observations. DM is defined in Part I as the energy of the coherent gravitational field of the universe, represented by the additional equivalent ordinary matter (OM), needed at all length scales, to explain classically, with inclusion of the OM, the observed coherent gravitational field. Our derivation uses both EE and the Newtonian approximation of EE in Part I, to describe semi-classically in Part II the advection of DM, created at the level of the universe, into galaxies and clusters thereof. This advection happens proportional with their own classically generated gravitational field g, due to self-interaction of the gravitational field. It is based on the universal formula ρD = λgg′2 for the density ρD of DM advected into medium and lower scale structures of the observable universe, where λ is a universal constant fixed by the Tully–Fisher relations. Here g′ is the gravitational field of the universe; g′ is in main part its own source, as implied in Part I from EE. We start from a simple electromagnetic analogy that helps to make the paper generally accessible. This paper allows for the first time the exact calculation of DM in galactic halos and at all levels in the universe, based on EE and Newtonian approximations, in agreement with observations.
Morphology tuned plasmonic TiN nanostructures formed by angle-dependent sputtering process for SERS measurements
Authors: Barman Tapan , Nozka Libor , Prochazka Vit , Michałowska Aleksandra , Turczyniak-Surdacka Sylwia , Ctvrtlik Radim , Krajczewski Jan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNowadays, most SERS platforms are based on plasmonic metals like silver and gold. The current scientific achievement is to construct SERS non-metallic platform with SERS activity not worse than in case of standard metallic platforms. The prominent combination of opto-electronic properties of TiN (titanium nitride) makes it a promising alternative plasmonic material for noble metals. So far, the TiN nanostructures are widely tested in catalysis, especially in photocatalysis. Despite the TiN potential in SERS sensing applications, there are still several fundamental issues preventing its wide practical application. In this work, the surface morphology of TiN layers was tuned from planar 2D to a high aspect ratio 1D nanorod-like structures by industrially scalable normal and glancing angle deposition (GLAD) pulsed DC reactive sputtering. The morphology of formed samples was studied by SEM microscopy, while the crystallographic properties were examined by Raman and XRD method. The opto-electrical parameters measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry, and DRS spectroscopy revealed substantial changes in optical properties of the TiN films with the variation of glancing angle. This in turn opened the way for tailoring the surface plasmon resonance and hence for SERS activity.
Association of weight and shape concern with weight change and weight-related behaviors in behavioral weight loss treatment
Authors: Goldstein Stephanie P. , Olson KayLoni L. , Thomas J. Graham 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWeight and shape concern (WSC) is a facet of negative body image that is common among individuals with overweight/obesity seeking behavioral weight loss treatment (BWL), but remains understudied. This secondary analysis evaluates associations between WSC, weight change, and weight-related behaviors among individuals in a 24-week BWL. Adults (n = 32) with body mass index 25–50 kg/m2 completed a baseline WSC questionnaire, measured weight at 12 and 24 weeks, measured physical activity via accelerometer, and completed 24-hour dietary recalls. Adherence to self-monitoring dietary intake and weight were assessed. A series of linear mixed models were used to evaluate associations between baseline WSC and weight change, as well as weight-related behaviors. Results revealed no significant effect of WSC on weight change. There were significant WSC x time interactions, such that those rating WSC “very important” decreased self-weighing and the “low importance” group decreased their caloric intake during treatment. The “pretty important” group had greater minutes of activity than the “low importance” group. Findings indicated that WSC may impact weight-related behaviors that contribute to BWL success. This trial was pre-registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03739151).
The Certified QPR Pathfinder Training Program: A Description of a Novel Public Health Gatekeeper Training Program to Mitigate Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Deaths
Authors: Quinnett Paul G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSuicide represents a significant public health concern. One approach to reducing suicide rates is to train gatekeepers—community members who, through their day-to-day practices, interact with a substantial proportion of the population—to detect individuals at elevated suicide risk and refer them to appropriate mental health care services. One of the most well-known community gatekeeper training programs is Question, Persuade, and Refer (QPR), which has been delivered to millions worldwide. Gatekeeper training, including QPR, shows considerable promise in reducing suicide risk. However, one limitation of existing gatekeeper training programs is that they rely on referrals to mental health services, which are often non-existent, understaffed, and/or undertrained regarding suicide risk. As such, novel approaches are needed to equip community gatekeepers with primary mental health first aid and suicide-focused counseling. This article describes, for the first time, the fundamental concepts of a newly developed and more expansive version of QPR, the QPR Pathfinder Training. The QPR Pathfinder Training is web-based training program designed to create a cadre of “super gatekeepers” to address suicide at scale. The QPR Pathfinder Training will equip communities to address the critical shortage of mental health care services around the globe and, in turn, reduce mental health morbidities and decrease the suicide rates.
Co-design and Development of Implementation Strategies: Enhancing the PAX Good Behaviour Game in Australian Schools
Authors: Baffsky Rachel , Ivers Rebecca , Cullen Patricia , McGillivray Lauren , Werner-Seidler Aliza , Calear Alison L. , Batterham Philip J. , Toumbourou John W. , Stokes Rhoni , Kotselas Pauline , Prendergast Traci , Torok Michelle 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEffective implementation strategies are important for take-up of programs in schools. However, to date, few implementation strategies have been co-designed with teachers and support staff (including principals) in Australia. The aim of this study was to iteratively co-design multiple implementation strategies to enhance the delivery of mental health prevention program, PAX Good Behaviour Game, in New South Wales primary schools. The secondary aim was to evaluate the acceptability of the implementation strategies from the perspective of school staff. Twenty-nine educational staff (including principals) informed the co-design of the implementation strategies across three phases. Phase 1 involved a rapid review of the literature and stakeholder meetings to agree upon potential evidence-based strategies. Phase 2 involved focus group discussions with educational staff to co-design implementation strategies. Phase 3 involved semi-structured interviews with school staff to assess strategy acceptability after implementation at 6-months post-baseline. Data were analysed using deductive, framework analysis. The final co-designed intervention included nine implementation strategies accessible through a toolkit delivered to the school’s leadership team. These strategies were deemed acceptable in school settings that experienced periods of both face-to-face and remote learning due to the changing COVID-19 situation in 2021. This paper contributes to the implementation literature by transparently reporting how educational staff-informed implementation strategies were iteratively co-designed. This will provide a roadmap for other researchers to co-design implementation strategies to further support the delivery of evidence-based prevention programs in schools.
Investigation of different ways of activation of fly ash–cement mixtures: part 2—mechanical activation
Authors: Wilińska Iwona , Pacewska Barbara , Ostrowski Andrzej 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroducing supplementary cementitious materials (SCM), e.g. fly ash, into cement composite results in ecological benefits. However, in the case of high amount of SCM used as a replacement of a part of cement, there are problems related to the development of the desired properties of the final composite. Such mixtures often require activation. In the first part of this series of publications, the results of chemical activation (using Na2SO4 and Ca(OH)2) of a mixture with a very high content of fly ash were discussed. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of mechanical activation on hydration and microstructure of the binder composed of 80% of fly ash and 20% of cement. Mechanical activation was performed using a planetary ball mill. The following instrumental methods were used to investigate the activated fly ash-cement pastes: calorimetry, TG/DTG, FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with EDS. It was shown that concomitant grinding of cement and fly ash is more effective compared to separate grinding. Mechanism of hydration/activation of such mixtures was discussed in detail.
Effectiveness of natural biomaterials in the protection and healing of experimentally induced gastric mucosa Ulcer in rats
Authors: Abdel-Gawad Doaa R.I. , Ibrahim Marwa A. , Moawad Usama K. , Kamel Shaimaa , El-Banna Hossny A. , El-Banna Ahmed H. , Hassan Walid Hamdy , El-Ela Fatma I. Abo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
A gastric ulcer is a painful lesion of the gastric mucosa that can be debilitating or even fatal. The effectiveness of several plant extracts in the therapy of this illness has been demonstrated in traditional pharmacopoeias. Aim: this study was aimed to see if propolis, ginseng in normal or nano form, and amygdalin might help in preventing the ulcerative effects of absolute ethanol.

Methods
Gastroprotective properties of pretreatments before ethanol gavage in rats were compared to omeprazole. The ulcer and stomach parameters (ulcerated regions) were measured (mm2), ulcer inhibition percentage, the stomachs were assessed macroscopically with gastric biopsy histological examinations.

Results
Amygdalin, normal and nano ginseng, nano propolis followed by propolis all showed great efficacy in protecting the cyto-architecture and function of the gastric mucosa. The number of ulcerated sites was greatly reduced, and the percentage of stomach protection was increased. Histopathological examination had confirmed great protective effects of the nanoformulations followed by amygdalin. The protection and healing rate was completed to about 100% in all tested materials while ulcer areas were still partially unhealed in normal propolis and omeprazole. Quantitative assay of the m-RNA levels Enothelin 1(ET-1), leukotriene4 (LT-4), and caspase 3(Cas-3) genes and Histamine were done and revealed significant up-regulations in ethanol group and the maximum protective effect was reported with ginseng nano, moreover the histamine content was significantly decreased with nano- formulated extracts.

Conclusion
Amygdalin and the nanoformulated ginseng and propolis had exhibited a marked protective effect against the ulcerative toxic effects of ethanol.
Repurposing fexofenadine as a promising candidate for diabetic kidney disease: randomized clinical trial
Authors: El-fatatry Basma Mahrous , El-Haggar Sahar Mohamed , Ibrahim Osama Mohamed , Shalaby Khaled Hamed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a devastating complication of diabetes mellitus. Inflammation and histamine are potentially involved in the disease progression. This study aimed to evaluate the role of fexofenadine in patients with DKD.

Methods
From January 2020 to February 2022, out of 123 patients screened for eligibility, 61 patients completed the study. Patients were randomized into two groups, the fexofenadine group (n = 30): received ramipril plus fexofenadine, and the control group (n = 31): received ramipril only for six months. Changes in urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were considered primary outcomes. Measurements of urinary cyclophilin A, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), 8-hydroxy-2′ deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and podocalyxin (PCX) were considered secondary outcomes. The study was prospectively registered on clinicaltrial.gov on January 13, 2020, with identification code NCT04224428.

Results
At the end of the study, fexofenadine reduced UACR by 16% (95% CI, − 23.4% to − 9.3%) versus a noticeable rise of 11% (95% CI, 4.1% to 17.8%) in UACR in the control group, (p < 0.001). No significant difference in eGFR was revealed between the two groups. However, the control group showed a significant decrease of − 3.5% (95% CI, − 6.6% to − 0.3%) in eGFR, compared to its baseline value. This reduction was not reported in the fexofenadine group. Fexofenadine use was associated with a significant decline in MCP-1, 8-OHdG, and PCX compared to baseline values.

Conclusion
Fexofenadine is a possible promising adjuvant therapy in patients with DKD. Further large-scale trials are needed to confirm our preliminary results.
Specialist cancer hospital-based smoking cessation service provision in Ireland
Authors: Lyons Ailsa , Bhardwaj Nancy , Masalkhi Mouayad , Fox Patricia , Frazer Kate , McCann Amanda , Syed Shiraz , Niranjan Vikram , Kelleher Cecily C. , Kavanagh Paul , Fitzpatrick Patricia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
While much progress has been made in reducing tobacco use in many countries, both active and passive smoking remain challenges. The benefits of smoking cessation are universally recognized, and the hospital setting is an ideal setting where smokers can access smoking cessation services as hospital admission can be a cue to action. Consistent delivery of good quality smoking cessation care across health services is an important focus for reducing the harm of tobacco use, especially among continued smokers.

Aims
Our objective was to document the smoking cessation medication and support services provided by specialist adult cancer hospitals across Ireland, a country with a stated tobacco endgame goal.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey based on recent national clinical guidelines was used to determine smoking cessation care delivery across eight specialist adult cancer tertiary referral university hospitals and one specialist radiotherapy center. Survey responses were collected using Qualtrics, a secure online survey software tool. The data was grouped, anonymized, and analyzed in Microsoft Excel.

Results
All responding hospitals demonstrated either some level of smoking cessation information or a service available to patients. However, there is substantial variation in the type and level of smoking cessation information offered, making access to smoking cessation services inconsistent and inequitable.

Conclusion
The recently launched National Clinical Guideline for smoking cessation provides the template for all hospitals to ensure health services are in a position to contribute to Ireland’s tobacco endgame goal.
Sleep disorders during pregnancy: an underestimated risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Eleftheriou Danai , Athanasiadou Kleoniki I. , Sifnaios Emmanouil , Vagiakis Emmanouil , Katsaounou Paraskevi , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Paschou Stavroula A. , Trakada Georgia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSleep disorders are highly prevalent during pregnancy and significantly affect women’s health and quality of life. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common metabolic complications during pregnancy and constitutes a significant risk factor for both mother and fetus in the short and the long term. While the association between sleep disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is indisputable, it is not clear whether there is a link between sleep disorders and GDM. The aim of this article was to investigate the association between sleep disorders and GDM and whether the treatment of sleep disorders may prevent GDM development. Insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), restless legs syndrome (RLS), and narcolepsy were the most common sleep disorders identified during pregnancy and were related to poor sleep quality and short or prolonged sleep duration. They were all associated with an increased risk of GDM. The ideal sleep duration for pregnant women was determined at 8–9 h daily. In conclusion, sleep disorders constitute a risk factor for GDM. It is imperative that prospective studies be conducted to evaluate the effect of the early management of sleep disorders on GDM manifestation and control. Healthcare providers should highlight the importance of sufficient sleep to reinforce pregnancy outcomes.
How Immigrant Shopkeepers in Johannesburg Townships Succeed: A Customer's Eye View
Authors: Maisela Sikhumbuzo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract In the face of struggling native-owned informal grocery businesses, immigrant-owned shops in Johannesburg townships have demonstrated remarkable success. While research on this topic has been primarily informed by shopkeeper data, this article explores the phenomenon from the viewpoint of customers. Given that customers play a significant role in facilitating the success of businesses, the dearth of a customer perspective of the success of immigrant shopkeepers presents a gap in knowledge. This study addresses this gap by investigating the interaction between shopkeepers and customers from the perspective of customers. Drawing on the theories of customer value and customer satisfaction, the author proposes that customers prefer to patronize immigrant shopkeepers due to the considerable value they provide. The study was conducted in the Johannesburg township of Alexandra and involved the collection of cross-sectional quantitative data from 400 households. The findings indicate that customers patronize immigrant-owned businesses due to the superior value they receive, thereby enabling their success. This research highlights the importance of providing value to attract customers and contributes to the literature on the role of customers in informal business performance. Furthermore, the study sheds light on the contribution of customer reciprocation of shopkeeper value and has important implications for policymakers, business owners, and scholars alike. It underscores the need for a more nuanced understanding of the dynamics underlying the success of immigrant entrepreneurs in South Africa's informal retail sector.
Brain age Prediction and the Challenge of Biological Concepts of Aging
Authors: Heinrichs Jan-Hendrik 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBrain age prediction is a relatively new tool in neuro-medicine and the neurosciences. In research and clinical practice, it finds multiple use as a marker for biological age, for general health status of the brain and as an indicator for several brain-based disorders. Its utility in all these tasks depends on detecting outliers and thus failing to correctly predict chronological age. The indicative value of brain age prediction is generated by the gap between a brain’s chronological age and the predicted age, the brain age gap (BAG). This article shows how the clinical and research use of brain age prediction tacitly pathologizes the states that it is sensitive to. It will be argued that the tacit character of this transformation conceals the need for its explicit justification.
Impact of primary resistance to front-line targeted therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma on subsequent immune-checkpoint-inhibition
Authors: Börner J. H. , Neuberger S. , Juengel E. , Ziewers S. , Dotzauer R. , Sparwasser P. , Höfner T. , Tsaur I. , Haferkamp A. , Mager R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Synergistic effects have been discussed for tyrosine kinase (TKI) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Primary resistance to TKI might disturb subsequent ICI effectiveness. The objective was to investigate, if primary resistance to 1st line TKI monotherapy predicts response to ICI in subsequent therapy lines and impacts overall survival (OS) in advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC).

Materials and methods
Retrospectively, aRCC patients which received front-line TKI from 2016 to 2019 were analyzed for the outcomes primary resistance (1LR), response to sequential ICI therapy, progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Kaplan–Meier-estimates, Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were used.

Results
Primary resistance to front-line TKI was observed in 27 (53%) of 51 patients. Groups with disease control (DC) and 1st line TKI resistance (1LR) were not different at baseline with regard to clinicopathological features. Median duration on 1st line therapy was significantly shorter in the 1LR (5.1 months) than in the DC (14.7 months) group (p = 0.01). Sequential therapy was started in 21 (75%) and 12 (52%) patients of 1LR and DC groups using nivolumab in 16 (76%) vs. 11 (92%) cases (p > 0.05). Logistic regression revealed that 1LR status, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio < 3, IMDC favorable prognosis and clear cell histology had no significant impact on responsiveness to ICI in subsequent therapy lines. Cox proportional hazards demonstrated no significant association of 1LR status with PFS and OS in patients who received subsequent ICI treatment.

Conclusion
Primary TKI resistance of aRCC was neither significantly associated with responsiveness to ICI during sequential therapy nor with PFS and OS. This adds the evidence for ICI based sequential therapy in primary TKI resistant aRCC.