bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facile synthesis of nanofibrous and hollow titania microspheres as drug‐laden cell carriers
Authors: Bai Yajia , Wang Yixuan , Chen Song , Li Hao , Zhang Jianan , Li Xiaona , Chen Weiyi , Ikoma Toshiyuki , Osaka Akiyoshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMicrospheres are one type of promising cell‐supporting matrices. However, the synthesis of nanofibrous and hollow microspheres as drug‐laden cell carriers is still a great challenge. Here, the nanofibrous and hollow titania nanowire (NH‐TiNW) microspheres were synthesized by in situ alkali hydrothermal treatment of hollow titania (H‐Ti) microspheres, and their microstructure, biocompatibility, and drug delivery property were evaluated. By controlling hydrothermal temperature from 80 to 120°C and hydrothermal time from 1 to 4 h, the surface of H‐Ti microspheres was controllably tailored with nanoparticles and NWs. The results showed that NH‐TiNW microspheres were spherical in morphology with a diameter of 100–200 µm, hierarchically assembled by numerous TiNWs with the diameter of 10–20 nm, and possessed a nanofibrous and hollow structure. In vitro biocompatibility evaluation showed that NH‐TiNW microspheres presented an enhanced cell attachment and proliferation compared with H‐Ti microspheres due to the presence of the nanofibrous surface. Drug delivery evaluation showed that NH‐TiNW microspheres strongly adsorbed tetracycline hydrochloride (one type of antibiotic, model drug) with a loading efficiency of 81.5% ± 1% due to the presence of the nanofibrous and hollow structure and also effectively maintained the biological efficiency of the loaded drugs to inhibit the growth of bacteria.
Dynamic response of the TiB2–SiC/B4C composite ceramic under dynamic loading
Authors: Song Qi , Cheng Zhitao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTiB2–SiC/B4C composite ceramics have application as lightweight armor ceramic material, and therefore, it is particularly important to research their dynamic mechanical properties and fracture behavior under high strain rates. In the present research, the dynamic compression strength and Hugoniot elastic limit (HEL) of these composite ceramics were determined by split Hopkinson pressure bar technology and plate impact equipment, respectively. The experimental investigation results illustrated that the composite ceramic exhibited outstanding dynamic compression strength (2750 MPa) and displayed a remarkable strain‐rate strengthening effect. The HEL was calculated as 18.49 GPa, and the commonly used P–μ form of the Hugoniot curve was derived from the calculated data of the shock velocity and particle velocity. The dynamic fracture morphologies of the TiB2–SiC/B4C composite ceramic and monolithic B4C ceramic (correlation data) at macro and micro scales were observed and analyzed in detail. The dynamic fracture mechanisms were summarized in‐depth into the following three points. First, the strengthening mechanism offered by the in situ second phases could significantly improve the comprehensive property. Second, the mixed‐inter/transgranular fracture mode was conducive to energy absorption. Third, the anchoring effect and thermal expansion coefficient mismatch contributed to the energy dissipation and fracture toughness improvement. This work provides the foundation for the application and development of lightweight armor ceramic materials.
Our dementia challenge: arise palliative care
Authors: Brennan Frank , Chapman Michael , Gardiner Matthew D. , Narasimhan Manisha , Cohen Joshua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile many of the maladies of the 20th century are steadily coming under control, the march of neurodegenerative disorders continues largely unchecked. Dementias are an exemplar of such disorders; their incidence and prevalence continue to rise, in large part due to a steadily ageing population worldwide. They represent a group of chronic, progressive and, ultimately, fatal neurodegenerative diseases. Dementia has remained therapeutically recalcitrant. It is not a single disease, and because of that, we cannot expect a single panacea. While primary prevention rightly gains prominence, those with established disease currently require a shift in focus from curative intent towards improved quality of life. Enter palliative care. The sheer number and complexity of needs of patients with dementia, from the physical to the psychosocial and spiritual, necessitates the engagement of a wide range of medical disciplines, nursing and allied health professionals. One of those disciplines, as highlighted in the recent Australian Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety, is palliative care. This paper shall expand upon that role in the overall context of care for those with dementia.
Oral health behavior during early childhood in children with major congenital heart defects
Authors: Karikoski Essi , Sarkola Taisto , Blomqvist My 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundGood oral health in children with congenital heart defect (CHD) is important.AimTo assess oral health behavior during early childhood in children with CHD in comparison with children with no known systemic conditions and to explore parental oral health behavior associated with children's behavior.DesignSeventy of all 89 children born in Finland between April 1, 2017, and March 31, 2020, with (a) major CHD potentially included in the criteria of endocarditis prophylaxis or (b) any CHD with surgical repair combined with a chromosomal syndrome, and a comparison group of 87 children with no known systemic conditions were recruited. Thirty‐five children with CHD were randomized to usual care (no intensified counseling) and were compared with 87 matched comparison children by a parental questionnaire assessing child and parental oral health behavior at child age at 24 months.ResultsToothbrushing twice a day (p = .008) and the use of fluoride toothpaste twice a day (p = .059) were less common in children with CHD than in children in the comparison group. Nonwater drinks between meals was more common among children in the CHD group than in the comparison group (p = .015).ConclusionChildren with major CHD experience poorer oral health behavior in comparison with children with no known systemic conditions during early childhood.
Dynamic pricing and investment for fashion products under reference effect
Authors: Shi Ruishu , You Cuilian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, we discuss on the dynamic pricing and investment strategy for fashion products which decay in value, such as fashion clothes. The products are sold by an enterprise under a monopoly market in a finite horizon. Due to the obsolescence of fashion products, their fashion level decreases over time. Obviously, the selling price has a negative effect on demand, while the fashion level has a positive effect. Moreover, we introduce a reference value, which is used to indicate consumers' requirements for fashion level. We assume that investment on products performance or goodwill can reduce consumers' requirements for fashion level, an optimal control model is established. To maximize the enterprise's total profit, we obtain the trajectories of the optimal pricing and investment strategy by utilizing the Pontryagin's maximum principle. The optimal strategy is to gradually lower the selling price and then slightly raise it at the end of the sales period and reduce investment as products become obsolete. Afterwards, we provide a numerical example to illustrate our conclusions. Through the sensitivity analysis of the main parameters, we capture the influence of the parameters on an optimal decision. Moreover, some management implications are given.
Reclaim the streets: The link between positive and negative direct intergroup contact and movement support against immigration via threat perceptions
Authors: Pollmanns Claas , Asbrock Frank 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn recent years, anti‐immigration movements have emerged and aim to gain the attention and support of the public. In two studies (Study 1, N = 775, student sample; Study 2, N = 500, non student sample) we investigated the role of positive and negative intergroup contact to predict support for anti‐immigration movements from native Germans in a context of a recent intergroup conflict. Using path analysis, we analyzed the mediating processes of threat perceptions for the intentions to engage in collective action against immigration policies and the justification of the protests. Extending previous research on collective action, intergroup contact and threat, we further tested the moderating role of the identification with Germany. Findings from both studies supported the predictive power of intergroup contact as well as the mediating role of threat for collective action intentions and the justification of protests. Our results suggest that behavioral support was predicted by a strong identification with the threatened ingroup, whereass passive support was not. These findings highlighting the role importance of identification for movement support.
Comparison of electrocardiographic versus echocardiographic detection of left ventricular mass changes over time and evaluation of new onset left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Bombelli Michele , Vanoli Jennifer , Cuspidi Cesare , Dell'Oro Raffaella , Facchetti Rita , Mancia Giuseppe , Grassi Guido 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe assessed the value of 3 electrocardiographic (EKG) voltage criteria in detecting variations of left ventricular mass (LVM) over time, taking echocardiographic (ECHO) LVM as reference, in the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni study. In 927 subjects (age 47 ± 13 years on entry, 49.9% men) an ECHO evaluation of LVM and EKG suitable for measurement of EKG‐LVH criteria (Sokolow‐Lyon voltage, Cornell voltage and R‐wave voltage in aVL) were available at baseline and at a 2nd evaluation performed 10 years later. Δ (delta) LVM, Δ LVMI, and Δ EKG parameters values were calculated from 2nd evaluation to baseline. The sensitivity of the EKG criteria in the diagnosis of LVH, poor at baseline, becomes even worse after 10 years, reaching very low values. Only the sensitivity of R‐wave amplitude exhibited slight increase over time but with unsatisfactory absolute values. Despite the prevalence of ECHO‐LVH at the 2nd evaluation was threefold increased compared to baseline (29.3% and 33.7% for LVM indexed to BSA and height2.7, respectively), the prevalence of EKG‐LVH was unchanged when evaluated by Sokolow‐Lyon criteria, significantly reduced when assessed by Cornell voltage index, while significantly increased using R‐wave voltage in aVL criteria. Despite an ECHO‐LVM increase over the time, mean EKG changes were of opposite sign, except for R‐wave amplitude in aVL. Our study highlights the discrepancy between ECHO and EKG in monitoring LVM changes over the time, especially for Sokolow‐Lyon and Cornell voltage. Thus, EKG is an unsuitable method for the longitudinal evaluation of LVM variations.
TGFβ1 priming enhances CXCR3‐mediated mesenchymal stromal cell engraftment to the liver and enhances anti‐inflammatory efficacy
Authors: Garg Abhilok , Khan Sheeba , Luu N. , Nicholas Davies J. , Day Victoria , King Andrew L. , Fear Janine , Lalor Patricia F. , Newsome Philip N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe immunomodulatory characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) confers them with potential therapeutic value in the treatment of inflammatory/immune‐mediated conditions. Previous studies have reported only modest beneficial effects in murine models of liver injury. In our study we explored the role of MSC priming to enhance their effectiveness. Herein we demonstrate that stimulation of human MSC with cytokine TGβ1 enhances their homing and engraftment to human and murine hepatic sinusoidal endothelium in vivo and in vitro, which was mediated by increased expression of CXCR3. Alongside improved hepatic homing there was also greater reduction in liver inflammation and necrosis, with no adverse effects, in the CCL4 murine model of liver injury treated with primed MSC. Priming of MSCs with TGFβ1 is a novel strategy to improve the anti‐inflammatory efficacy of MSCs.
Overlooked Yet Ongoing: Policy Termination in the European Union
Authors: Brandsma Gijs Jan , Pollex Jan , Tobin Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuring the 2010s, research focusing on the dismantling of policies grew considerably and contributed to a better understanding of the dynamics of policy change. Policy termination, that is, the complete deleting of policies, is a separate but equally relevant concept, yet it has been overlooked due to the difficulty of obtaining the extensive datasets needed to demonstrate patterns. We seek to fill this gap in research by providing a first analysis of policy termination in the European Union (EU), based on a dataset of over 120,000 EU policies. After differentiating the concept of termination from dismantling, we analyse the prevalence of termination between 1971 and 2021 across all policy areas. We show that termination is a constant but limited feature of EU policy‐making, and, in contrast to existing assumptions, termination was not more prominent during the 2010s despite the rhetorical commitments to more streamlined regulation.
Morphological and molecular diagnosis of two new species of Trypanosoma Gruby, 1843 infecting South African cordylid lizards (Squamata: Cordylidae: Cordylinae), Trypanosoma (Squamatrypanum) ndumoensis n. sp. and Trypanosoma (Trypanosoma) tokoloshi n. sp.
Authors: Jordaan Bernard J. , van As Johann , Netherlands Edward C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite reptile trypanosomes forming a large group, the majority of species descriptions are data deficient, lacking key characteristic data and supporting molecular data. Reptile hosts show potential to facilitate transmission of zoonotic trypanosomiases and offer key information to understanding the genus of Trypanosoma. Several species of squamates from different localities in South Africa were screened molecularly and microscopically for trypanosomes in the present study. Based on the combination of morphological and molecular analyses, two new species of Trypanosoma, Trypanosoma (Squamatrypanum) ndumoensis n. sp. and Trypanosoma (Trypanosoma) tokoloshi n. sp., infecting South African cordylid lizards (Cordylidae: Cordylinae) are described in this study. The first molecular data for a South African reptile trypanosome is provided herewith.
An integrative and prospective approach to regional material flow analysis: Modeling the decarbonization of the North Rhine‐Westphalian steel industry
Authors: Radloff Rainer , Abdelshafy Ali , Walther Grit 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNorth‐Rhine Westphalia is the center of the German and European steel production. Its steel industry is heavily based on the primary production route and emits up to 30 Mt CO2 annually. One possible and increasingly prominent alternative to reduce these emissions is the hydrogen‐based direct reduction. While this technology allows for a near climate‐neutral production of primary steel, it poses substantial impacts on regional energy and material flows. Hence, the aim of this paper is to quantify the alterations in energy and material flows over time via integrating top‐down energy and material flow models with bottom‐up process models. The resulting values of emissions, energy, and material flows are then used to develop prospective scenarios that depict the requirements and consequences of potential pathways toward a climate‐neutral steel production by 2045. The outcomes show that decarbonizing the North Rhine‐Westphalian steel industry leads to an additional demand for renewable energies of up to 52.5 TWh per year, which represents 10% of the current electricity production in Germany. As securing the green electricity demand is a large challenge, the study also analyzes the impact of a partial recourse to natural gas as a reducing agent in combination with other measures like carbon capture and utilization/storage. The results show that such a recourse would reduce the electricity demand to 36.8 TWh. Hence, the paper illustrates relevant implications of the different scenarios, which can be used by policymakers to develop more realistic and resilient strategies for reaching carbon neutrality.
Patient's learning needs and self‐efficacy level after percutaneous coronary intervention: A descriptive study
Authors: Salgado Ricardo , Paulo Natércia , Zufferey Arnaud , Bucher Claudia Ortoleva 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesIdentify and compare learning needs, levels of self‐efficacy and their association among inpatients and outpatients of a cardiac care unit with coronary heart disease who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in a Swiss university hospital.BackgroundAfter primary PCI, 42% of patients will suffer a recurrent ischemic cardiovascular event. Although adherence to therapeutic regimen contributes to prevent recurrence, patient adherence remains low. To strengthen it, learning needs and self‐efficacy must be considered when developing effective therapeutic patient education (TPE).MethodsLearning needs and self‐efficacy were assessed using the Cardiac Patient Learning Needs Inventory (CPLNI) and the Cardiac Self‐Efficacy Scale among inpatients and outpatients. The STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies was used in reporting this study.ResultsNinety‐three patients participated in the study with a participation rate of 73.9%. The CPLNI median total score was significantly higher in inpatients than in outpatients: 4.23 (3.82, 4.64) versus 3.67 (3.33, 4.09), p < .001. In both units, participants declared that the most important need was related to ‘anatomy and physiology’ of the heart. Despite the high score, the least important need was about ‘physical activity’ for inpatients and ‘miscellaneous information’ for outpatients. No statistically significant differences were found among patients from both units regarding their self‐efficacy level.ConclusionsThis study shows that after PCI, patients have high learning needs and moderate levels of self‐efficacy that require addressing.Relevance to Clinical PracticePatient's individual learning needs and self‐efficacy level must be assessed prior/after PCI. A tailored TPE that considers individual learning needs and self‐efficacy is recommended as a preventative measure to reduce recurrent ischemic cardiovascular events. Nurses can play a key role in this process.No Patient or Public ContributionFor feasibility reasons, patients and public were not involved in the design, conduct, reporting or dissemination plans of this research.
The interacting partner as the immediate environment: Personality, interpersonal dynamics, and bodily synchronization
Authors: Arellano‐Véliz Nicol A. , Jeronimus Bertus F. , Kunnen E. Saskia , Cox Ralf F. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn social interactions, humans tend to naturally synchronize their body movements. We investigated interpersonal synchronization in conversations and examined its relationship with personality differences and post‐interaction appraisals.MethodIn a 15‐minute semi‐structured conversation, 56 previously‐unfamiliar dyads introduced themselves, followed by self‐disclosing and argumentative conversations. Their bodily movements were video‐recorded in a standardized room (112 young adults, aged 18–33, mean = 20.54, SD = 2.74; 58% Dutch, 31% German, 11% other). Interpersonal bodily synchronization was estimated as (a) synchronization strength using Windowed Lagged Cross‐Correlations and (b) Dynamic Organization (Determinism/Entropy/Laminarity/Mean Line) using Cross‐Recurrence Quantification Analysis. Bodily synchronization was associated with differences in Agreeableness and Extraversion (IPIP‐NEO‐120) and post‐conversational appraisals (affect/closeness/enjoyment) in mixed‐effect models.ResultsAgreeable participants exhibited higher complexity in bodily synchronization dynamics (higher Entropy) than disagreeable individuals, who also reported more negative affect afterward. Interpersonal synchronization was stronger among extroverts than among introverts and extroverts appraised conversations as more positive and enjoyable. Bodily synchronization strength and dynamic organization were related to the type of conversation (self‐disclosing/argumentative).ConclusionsInterpersonal dynamics were intimately connected to differences in Agreeableness and Extraversion, varied across situations, and these parameters affected how pleasant, close, and enjoyable each conversation felt.
Hepatitis A occurrence and outbreaks in Europe over the past two decades: A systematic review
Authors: Andani Anar , Bunge Eveline , Kassianos George , Eeuwijk Jennifer , Mellou Kassiani , Van Damme Pierre , Mukherjee Piyali , Steffen Robert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHepatitis A (HA) is a vaccine‐preventable liver disease with >170 million new cases occurring yearly. In recent outbreaks in the USA, hospitalization and case‐fatality ratios were >60% and ~1%, respectively. In Europe, endemicity persists and outbreaks continue to occur. We performed a systematic literature review to understand the changes in HA occurrence in Europe over the past two decades. PubMed and Embase were systematically searched for peer‐reviewed articles published between 1 January 2001 and 14 April 2021 using terms covering HA, 11 selected European countries, outbreaks, outcomes and HA virus circulation. Here, we focus on HA occurrence and outbreaks in the five countries with the largest population and the most comprehensive vaccination recommendations: France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK; 118 reports included data for these five European countries. Notification rates (≤9.7/100,000 population) and percentages of men among cases (≤83.0%) peaked in 2017. The number of person‐to‐person‐transmitted cases and outbreaks decreased in children but increased in other risk groups, such as men who have sex with men (MSM). Sexually transmitted outbreaks in MSM clustered around 2017. Travel‐related outbreaks were few; the proportion of travel‐related cases decreased during the past two decades, while the number of domestic cases increased. Despite the existing risk‐based vaccination recommendations, HA transmission shifted in proportions from travelers and children to other risk groups, such as MSM and older age groups. Because a substantial proportion of the European population is susceptible to HA, adherence to existing recommendations should be monitored more closely, and enhanced vaccination strategies should be considered.