bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nasal Airflow Dynamics Before and After Septorhinoplasty for Correction of Cleft Lip Nasal Deformity: A Single Patient Case Report
Authors: Gosman Raluca E. , Marcus Jeffrey R. , Frank-Ito Dennis O. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity (uCLND) creates multiple sites of nasal airway obstruction, impacting patients’ quality of life. Surgical restoration of function remains technically challenging and complex. Objectives: This is a single patient case report to determine consistency of patient’s subjective perception of nasal outcomes after septorhinoplasty with objective assessments, and effectiveness of standard surgical techniques in targeting sites of greatest nasal anatomical obstruction. Method: Patient-reported quality of life (QOL) measures were collected. Pre- and post-surgery radiographic images of a patient with uCLND were obtained for computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of patient-specific nasal function. Objective assessments were obtained using rhinomanometry and CFD. CFD-derived localized resistance at multiple cross-sectional segments were determined and used to identify greatest nasal obstructive sites. Results: Patient-reported QOL scores improved by 20 to 73 points. CFD-calculated bilateral resistance decreased from 0.155 to 0.061 Pa.s/ml, cleft-side resistance from 0.407 to 0.091 Pa.s/ml, and non-cleft-side from 0.228 to 0.120 Pa.s/ml. Rhinomanometry showed similar decreases in resistance. On the cleft side, 25 identified sites of greatest obstruction decreased to 15 sites post-surgery; on the non-cleft side, 23 sites of greatest obstruction decreased to 16 sites post-surgery. Conclusion: Results suggest improvement in nasal patency after septorhinoplasty. Additional greatest obstructive sites in the post-surgical airway were mostly around the superior airway.
Labour market integration of refugees and the importance of the neighbourhood: Norwegian quasi-experimental evidence
Authors: Andersen Henrik L. , Osland Liv , Zhang Meng Le 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper exploits a quasi-experimental feature of the Norwegian spatial dispersal policy for UNHCR quota refugees, which leads to nearly as-if random initial residential settlement of the refugees. In this framework, we study if there are positive long-run employment consequences of being assigned to neighbourhoods with higher residential labour force participation rates. Our results show a positive and statistically significant relationship between the initial neighbourhood participation rates and refugee labour market outcomes, but these overall effects are substantively small: A one standard deviation higher participation rate in the initial neighbourhood is associated with an 1.2%-point increase in the refugees’ later employment probability. However, our subgroup analysis shows substantial effects around 2.6%-points for men older than 25 years at the time of entry to Norway. In comparison, the point estimates for women and persons younger than 25 years at the time of arrival are close to zero and statistically insignificant.
DanMAC5: a browser of aggregated sequence variants from 8,671 whole genome sequenced Danish individuals
Authors: Banasik Karina , Møller Peter L. , Techlo Tanya R. , Holm Peter C. , Walters G. Bragi , Ingason Andrés , Rosengren Anders , Rohde Palle D. , Kogelman Lisette J. A. , Westergaard David , Siggaard Troels , Chmura Piotr J. , Chalmer Mona A. , Magnússon Ólafur Þ. , Þórisson Guðmundur Á. , Stefánsson Hreinn , Guðbjartsson Daníel F. , Stefánsson Kári , Olesen Jes , Winther Simon , Bøttcher Morten , Brunak Søren , Werge Thomas , Nyegaard Mette , Hansen Thomas F. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Allele counts of sequence variants obtained by whole genome sequencing (WGS) often play a central role in interpreting the results of genetic and genomic research. However, such variant counts are not readily available for individuals in the Danish population. Here, we present a dataset with allele counts for sequence variants (single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and indels) identified from WGS of 8,671 (5,418 females) individuals from the Danish population. The data resource is based on WGS data from three independent research projects aimed at assessing genetic risk factors for cardiovascular, psychiatric, and headache disorders. To enable the sharing of information on sequence variation in Danish individuals, we created summarized statistics on allele counts from anonymized data and made them available through the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA, https://identifiers.org/ega.dataset:EGAD00001009756) and in a dedicated browser, DanMAC5 (available at www.danmac5.dk). The summary level data and the DanMAC5 browser provide insight into the allelic spectrum of sequence variants segregating in the Danish population, which is important in variant interpretation.

Data description
Three WGS datasets with an average coverage of 30x were processed independently using the same quality control pipeline. Subsequently, we summarized, filtered, and merged allele counts to create a high-quality summary level dataset of sequence variants.
QTL mapping of shoot and seed traits impacted by Drought in Barley using a recombinant inbred line Population
Authors: Ajayi Oyeyemi O. , Bregitzer Phil , Klos Kathy , Hu Gongshe , Walling Jason G. , Mahalingam Ramamurthy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
With ongoing climate change, drought events are severely limiting barley production worldwide and pose a significant risk to the malting, brewing and food industry. The genetic diversity inherent in the barley germplasm offers an important resource to develop stress resiliency. The purpose of this study was to identify novel, stable, and adaptive Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL), and candidate genes associated with drought tolerance. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (n = 192) developed from a cross between the drought tolerant ‘Otis’ barley variety, and susceptible ‘Golden Promise’(GP) was subjected to short-term progressive drought during heading in the biotron. This population was also evaluated under irrigated and rainfed conditions in the field for yields and seed protein content.

Results
Barley 50k iSelect SNP Array was used to genotype the RIL population to elucidate drought-adaptive QTL. Twenty-three QTL (eleven for seed weight, eight for shoot dry weight and four for protein content) were identified across several barley chromosomes. QTL analysis identified genomic regions on chromosome 2 and 5 H that appear to be stable across both environments and accounted for nearly 60% variation in shoot weight and 17.6% variation in seed protein content. QTL at approximately 29 Mbp on chromosome 2 H and 488 Mbp on chromosome 5 H are in very close proximity to ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and in the coding sequence of the Dirigent (DIR) gene, respectively. Both APX and DIR are well-known key players in abiotic stress tolerance in several plants. In the quest to identify key recombinants with improved tolerance to drought (like Otis) and good malting profiles (like GP), five drought tolerant RILs were selected for malt quality analysis. The selected drought tolerant RILs exhibited one or more traits that were outside the realms of the suggested limits for acceptable commercial malting quality.

Conclusions
The candidate genes can be used for marker assisted selection and/or genetic manipulation to develop barley cultivars with improved tolerance to drought. RILs with genetic network reshuffling necessary to generate drought tolerance of Otis and favorable malting quality attributes of GP may be realized by screening a larger population.
Habitat-related plastome evolution in the mycoheterotrophic Neottia listeroides complex (Orchidaceae, Neottieae)
Authors: Shao Bing-Yi , Wang Mo-Zhu , Chen Si-Si , Ya Ji-Dong , Jin Xiao-Hua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Mycoheterotrophs, acquiring organic carbon and other nutrients from mycorrhizal fungi, have evolved repeatedly with substantial plastid genome (plastome) variations. To date, the fine-scale evolution of mycoheterotrophic plastomes at the intraspecific level is not well-characterized. A few studies have revealed unexpected plastome divergence among species complex members, possibly driven by various biotic/abiotic factors. To illustrate evolutionary mechanisms underlying such divergence, we analyzed plastome features and molecular evolution of 15 plastomes of Neottia listeroides complex from different forest habitats.

Results
These 15 samples of Neottia listeroides complex split into three clades according to their habitats approximately 6 million years ago: Pine Clade, including ten samples from pine-broadleaf mixed forests, Fir Clade, including four samples from alpine fir forests and Fir-willow Clade with one sample. Compared with those of Pine Clade members, plastomes of Fir Clade members show smaller size and higher substitution rates. Plastome size, substitution rates, loss and retention of plastid-encoded genes are clade-specific. We propose to recognized six species in N. listeroides complex and slightly modify the path of plastome degradation.

Conclusions
Our results provide insight into the evolutionary dynamics and discrepancy of closely related mycoheterotrophic orchid lineages at a high phylogenetic resolution.
Undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors among adults in ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ambaw Kassie Gizachew , Alemu Afework , Yosef Gebrekidan Amanuel , Asmare Adella Getachew , Eshetu Kirubel , Wolie Asres Abiyot , Sisay Asgedom Yordanos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Hypertension is a major public health problem, resulting in 10 million deaths annually. Undiagnosed hypertension affects more people than ever before. It is more likely to be linked to severe hypertension, which can lead to stroke, cardiovascular disease, and ischemic heart disease. Thus, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors in Ethiopia.

Methods
Databases, such as Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, AJOL, and the Cochrane Library, were systematically searched to find potential studies published until December 2022. A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet was used to enter the extracted data. The pooled prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and its associated factors was estimated using a random effect model. I2 statistics and the Cochrane Q-test were used to assess statistical heterogeneity across the studies. Begg’s and Egger’s tests were performed to identify possible publication bias.

Results
A total of ten articles with 5,782 study participants were included in this meta-analysis. In the random effects model, the pooled prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was 18.26% (95% CI = 14.94–21.58). Being older (OR = 3.8, 95% CI = 2.56, 5.66), having a body mass index > 25 kg/m2 (OR = 2.71, 95% CI = 2.1, 3.53), having a family history of hypertension (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.47, 3.36), and having DM comorbidity (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 1.38, 4.32) were significantly associated with undiagnosed hypertension.

Conclusion
In this meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was found to be high in Ethiopia. Being older, having a BMI > 25 kg/m2, having a family history of hypertension, and having DM comorbidity were found to be risk factors for undiagnosed hypertension.
Cluster analysis of angiotensin biomarkers to identify antihypertensive drug treatment in population studies
Authors: Arisido Maeregu Woldeyes , Foco Luisa , Shoemaker Robin , Melotti Roberto , Delles Christian , Gögele Martin , Barolo Stefano , Baron Stephanie , Azizi Michel , Dominiczak Anna F. , Zennaro Maria-Christina , P. Pramstaller Peter , Poglitsch Marko , Pattaro Cristian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The recent progress in molecular biology generates an increasing interest in investigating molecular biomarkers as markers of response to treatments. The present work is motivated by a study, where the objective was to explore the potential of the molecular biomarkers of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) to identify the undertaken antihypertensive treatments in the general population. Population-based studies offer an opportunity to assess the effectiveness of treatments in real-world scenarios. However, lack of quality documentation, especially when electronic health record linkage is unavailable, leads to inaccurate reporting and classification bias.

Method
We present a machine learning clustering technique to determine the potential of measured RAAS biomarkers for the identification of undertaken treatments in the general population. The biomarkers were simultaneously determined through a novel mass-spectrometry analysis in 800 participants of the Cooperative Health Research In South Tyrol (CHRIS) study with documented antihypertensive treatments. We assessed the agreement, sensitivity and specificity of the resulting clusters against known treatment types. Through the lasso penalized regression, we identified clinical characteristics associated with the biomarkers, accounting for the effects of cluster and treatment classifications.

Results
We identified three well-separated clusters: cluster 1 (n = 444) preferentially including individuals not receiving RAAS-targeting drugs; cluster 2 (n = 235) identifying angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers (ARB) users (weighted kappa κw = 74%; sensitivity = 73%; specificity = 83%); and cluster 3 (n = 121) well discriminating angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) users (κw = 81%; sensitivity = 55%; specificity = 90%). Individuals in clusters 2 and 3 had higher frequency of diabetes as well as higher fasting glucose and BMI levels. Age, sex and kidney function were strong predictors of the RAAS biomarkers independently of the cluster structure.

Conclusions
Unsupervised clustering of angiotensin-based biomarkers is a viable technique to identify individuals on specific antihypertensive treatments, pointing to a potential application of the biomarkers as useful clinical diagnostic tools even outside of a controlled clinical setting.
A time-series analysis of morbidity and mortality of viral hepatitis in Venezuela, 1990–2016
Authors: Rísquez Alejandro , Echezuría Luis , Carrión-Nessi Fhabián S. , Forero-Peña David A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundViral hepatitis (VH) is a leading contributor to morbidity and mortality worldwide, constituting a public health problem associated with the level of human development. In recent years, Venezuela has experienced a political, social, and economic crisis and has been impacted by natural disasters that have led to the deterioration of sanitary and health infrastructures modifying the determinants of VH. Despite epidemiological studies conducted in specific regions of the country or populations, the national epidemiological behaviour of VH remains unclear.MethodsThis is a time series study involving records of morbidity and mortality by VH in Venezuela reported during the period from 1990 to 2016. The Venezuelan population was taken as the denominator of the morbidity and mortality rates, according to the Venezuelan National Institute of Statistics and the 2016 population projections from the latest census published on the website of the responsible Venezuelan agency.ResultsDuring the study period, 630,502 cases and 4,679 deaths from VH in Venezuela were analysed. Most of the cases (n= 457,278; 72.6%) were classified as unspecific VH (UVH). The deaths were mainly attributed to VHB (n= 1,532; 32.7%), UVH (n= 1,287; 27.5%), and sequelae of VH (n= 977; 20.8%). The mean rates of cases and deaths from VH in the country were 95 ± 40.4 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and 0.7 ± 0.1 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively, showing a large dispersion that is evident from the calculation of the coefficients of variation. There was document a strong correlation between UVH and VHA cases (0.78,p< 0.01) morbidity rates. VHB mortality rate was very strongly correlated with sequelae of VH (–0.9,p< 0.01).ConclusionsVH is a major burden of morbidity and mortality in Venezuela with an endemic-epidemic trend and an intermediate prevalence for VHA, VHB, and VHC. Epidemiological information is not published in a timely manner and diagnostic tests are insufficient in primary health services. There is an urgent need to resume epidemiological surveillance of VH and to optimise the classification system for a better understanding of UVH cases and deaths due to sequelae of VHB and VHC.
Clinical research of the value of high-risk CTV setting on intensity-modulated radiotherapy for stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer
Authors: Jiang Yuqi , Wang Jing , Jiang Peng , Wang Xiang , Zhang Lei , Zhang Yongchun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and side effects of setting up a high-risk clinical target volume (CTV-hr) alongside simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT-SIB) in patients diagnosed with stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer.

Methods
This study retrospectively analysed patients with stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer who received radical radiotherapy at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University between November 2014 and September 2019. The patients were divided into experimental and control groups based on whether CTV-hr was set. All patients received a combined treatment of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The dosage for paclitaxel was 135 mg/m2, while for cisplatin it was 75 mg/m2 or for carboplatin it was AUC 4–6, given in a cycle of 21 days. Radiotherapy (RT) included external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT). In the control group, positive lymph nodes (GTV-n) were treated at a dose of 58–62 Gy/26–28 fractions(f), while clinical target volumes (CTV) were treated with a dose of 46–48 Gy/26-28f. The experimental group received a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) to CTV-hr at a dose of 54–56 Gy/26-28f, with the same CTV and GTV-n as the control group. Both groups were combined with brachytherapy with a total dose (EQD2, the equivalent dose in 2 Gy/f) of 80-90 Gy. The study measured objective remission rate (ORR), 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate, 3-year overall survival (OS) rate, recurrence rate, and side effects as endpoints.

Results
The study enrolled 217 patients, with 119 in the experimental group and 98 in the control group. Results showed that the experimental group had a higher 3-year OS rate (87.4% vs. 71.4%, p = 0.001) and 3-year PFS rate (72.3% vs. 51.0%, p = 0.000) compared to the control group. Additionally, the experimental group had significantly lower rates of overall recurrence (26.1% vs. 50.0%, p = 0.003), in-field recurrence (15.1% vs. 36.7%, p = 0.000), and out-field recurrence(13.4% vs. 35.7%, p = 0.000) compared to the control group. All observed differences were found to be statistically significant. However, the experimental and control groups had no statistically significant difference in ORR and radiological side effects, such as radiation cystitis and enteritis (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Setting CTV-hr and performing IMRT-SIB on patients with stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer effectively increased the 3-year OS rate, 3-year PFS rate and reduced recurrence rate, with no significant differences in side effects.
Education as an effective strategy to promote nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in street children
Authors: Arabbadvi Zahra , Khoshnood Zohreh , Foroughameri Golnaz , Mazallahi Mahboobeh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Lack of nutritional knowledge and ineffective attitudes can complicate the problems faced by this group of street children and have significant effects on their behaviors. This study aimed to examine the effect of nutrition education on nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of street children in Kerman in 2021.

Methods
This experimental study was conducted on 70 street children supported by Aftab Children Support Center in Kerman in 2021. The participants were selected using convenience sampling and were divided into two intervention and control groups using a random number table. A nutrition distance education program was implemented using an educational compact disk (CD) for the participants in the intervention group, while the children in the control group did not receive any training. The children’s nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were assessed before and one month after the intervention using the Nutritional Behavior Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed with SPSS software (version 22) using the chi-square test, paired and independent samples t-test, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

Results
The results revealed a significant difference in nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors after the intervention (p < 0.001) due to the effect of the nutrition training program. Accordingly, the mean scores of the participants in the intervention group for nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors increased by 11.45, 14.80, and 6.05 units after the intervention compared to their scores before the intervention. Furthermore, the effects of the training program on the participants’ nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were 89.6%, 91.5%, and 64.3%, respectively.

Conclusion
The findings of this study concluded that training based on nutrition education improved the children’s nutritional knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Thus, the officials in charge of promoting the health of vulnerable groups in the community need to provide the necessary facilities to implement effective training programs for street children and encourage them to participate in training programs.
High diagnostic yield of electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy performed under cone beam CT guidance: results of a randomized Belgian monocentric study
Authors: Bondue Benjamin , Taton Olivier , Tannouri Fadi , Van de Velde Nikita , Remmelink Myriam , Leduc Dimitri 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
With the increasing use of low dose CT scans, numerous pulmonary nodules are detected. As majority of them are benign, development of efficient non-surgical diagnostic intervention is mandatory. Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) has been developed to reach difficult to access lesions. The aim of the present study was to compare the diagnostic yield of ENB procedures performed in a classical endoscopy suite or in a hybrid room equipped by a cone beam CT (CBCT).

Methods
A monocentric randomized study was performed in the Erasme Hospital between January 2020 and December 2021. Lung nodules of maximum 30 mm of diameter were eligible. In both arms (endoscopy or CBCT suites), ENB, fluoroscopic guidance and a radial endobronchial ultrasound were used to reach the lesion. Then six trans-bronchial biopsies (TBB) and one trans-bronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) were performed. Primary outcomes were the diagnostic yield and diagnostic accuracy of the procedure.

Results
Forty-nine patients were randomized (24 in the endoscopy and 25 in the CBCT arms). The lesion size was 15,9 ± 4,6 mm and 16,6 ± 6,0 mm respectively (mean ± SD, p = NS). The diagnostic yield of ENB performed under CBCT guidance was 80% compared to 42% when performed in the endoscopy suite under standard fluoroscopic guidance (p < 0,05). Similarly, the diagnostic accuracy in the CBCT group was 87% compared to 54% for the endoscopy group (p < 0,05). Duration of the procedure in the CBCT and endoscopy arms was 80 ± 23 and 61 ± 13 min respectively (mean ± SD, p < 0,01). Performing TBLC in addition to TBB increased the diagnostic yield by 14% (17 and 12,5% in CBCT and endoscopy suites respectively, p = NS).

Conclusion
This study highlighted the additional value to perform ENB procedure under CBCT guidance for small size (less than 2 cm of diameter) pulmonary nodules.

Trial registration
Clinical trial registration number: NCT05257382.