bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Islands on codim-2 branes in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Authors: Li Zhengjiang , Hong Zekai 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the black hole information problem on codim-2 branes in Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Thanks to the island surface ending on the brane, the Page curve of eternal black holes can be recovered for all of the GB couplings within the causal constraints. Our results strongly support the universality of the island mechanism. Similar to Einstein’s gravity, the HM surface can exist only in a finite time in GB gravity. Remarkably, for various parameters, the maximum times of HM surface are always larger than the Page times. As a result, the strange behavior of HM surfaces does not affect the Page curves for general GB gravity. Finally, we establish the correlation between the Page time, GB couplings, and brane tension, revealing that the Page time increases with these factors.
Exact results on the number of gravitons radiated during binary inspiral
Authors: Chung Youngjoo , Yang Hyun Seok 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We derive an exact formula F(e) which provides a concrete estimate for the total number and angular momentum of gravitons emitted during the nonrelativistic inspiral of two black holes.
We show that the function F(e) is a slowly growing monotonic function of the eccentricity 0 ≤ e ≤ 1
and F(1) = 1.0128 ⋯.
We confirm and extend the results obtained by Page for the function F(e). We also get an exact result for the ratio
ν (ei
) = 2ħN(Li
, ei
)/Li
where the numerator 2ħN(Li
, ei
) is the sum of the spin angular momentum magnitudes of the gravitons emitted and N(Li
, ei
) is the total number of gravitons emitted in the gravitational waves during nonrelativistic inspiral from an initial eccentricity ei
down to a final eccentricity e = 0 and the denominator Li
is the magnitude of the initial orbital angular momentum.
If the orbit starts off with unit eccentricity ei
= 1,
we get the value ν(1) = 1.002 268 666 2 ± 10-10 which confirms the Page's conjecture that the true value of ν(1) will lie between 1.001⋯ and 1.003⋯.
We also show that the formula F(e) for gravitons emitted, originally expressed as an infinite series, can be represented
by a single function through an integral representation.
Carbon emission responsibility accounting for all aspects of the power system based on carbon emission flow
Authors: Pan Juntao , Wei Xingqiu , Zhou Zhenglei , Li Jinjin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The development of low-carbon power is the only way for the power industry to achieve sustainable development. The development of low-carbon power needs to be based on the deepening of the understanding of carbon emissions in the power system. Based on the energy data and power flow calculation data, this paper uses the Newton-Raphson method to calculate the power flow of a given topology, combined with the carbon emission flow calculation theory. It obtains the necessary intermediate parameters of carbon flow calculation, such as the branch power flow distribution matrix, load distribution matrix, and injection distribution matrix. It finally uses the relevant methods to calculate the final carbon flow distribution results of the power system, so as to realize the carbon emission responsibility accounting of each link of the power system.
Selection of key indicators for comprehensive evaluation of smart distribution networks based on grey relational analysis
Authors: Tong Guoqing , Deng Qiangqiang , Yang Bing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To achieve an accurate comprehensive evaluation of smart distribution networks, it is necessary to scientifically select the key indicators for this evaluation. This paper proposes a method for screening the key indicators of a comprehensive evaluation of smart distribution networks based on grey relational analysis. First, based on the analysis of a large amount of data on the state and operation of smart distribution networks, 40 comprehensive evaluation indicators are selected from the dimensions of safety, reliability, intelligence, and economy. Then, using grey relational analysis, the importance of each indicator in the evaluation process of the smart distribution network is analyzed from the perspective of correlation degree, while excluding those indicators with lower correlation. This achieves the selection of key indicators for comprehensive evaluation. Finally, through grey relational analysis using actual historical operation data from a regional smart distribution network, indicators with low correlation, such as line overload rate (A4), outage energy loss (A5), 10 kV transformer overload ratio (A7), and proportion of distribution transformers with critical risks (A10) are excluded. The remaining high-correlation indicators verify the accuracy and scientific nature of the proposed method.
Arc fault detection method for DC microgrid based on multiple features
Authors: Chen Yong , Yang Ruixiong , Zeng Yingjie , Gao Shuping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
DC microgrids can improve energy structure change and enhance the use of new energy sources. However, it is challenging to find series arcs in DC microgrid systems. In order to detect series arc faults in DC microgrids, this study suggests a multi-feature based approach. By calculating the standard deviation of the system arc current, the root mean square(RMS) of the d5 wavelet coefficients and the marginal spectral eigenfrequency amplitude, a triple fault criterion is constituted. Then the threshold comparison weighting method is utilized to achieve fault identification. Finally, the simulation verification of the triple-criteria-based DC microgrid fault arc detection method shows that the method proposed in this paper has good anti-interference and reliability.
A new load grouping control method for pumped storage power stations in the planning curve mode
Authors: Xu Lin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In order to enhance the role of pumped storage power stations in the grid for peak and frequency regulation, a new load grouping control method for pumped storage power stations in the planning curve mode is studied, and the algorithm process of early start-stop in the ramp smooth start-stop mode is proposed. The coordination control strategy with primary frequency regulation and the exception handling strategy are proposed in combination with this start-stop mode, and the effectiveness of the above method is verified based on the application of the Liyang Pumped Storage Power Station. It can be concluded that the smoothing effect of the start-stop process can be improved with the reasonable selection of the early start-stop time.
Numerical investigation of anion exchange membrane fuel cell with gradient anode gas diffusion layer
Authors: Song Nannan , Yuan Han , Hua Yanyou , Wu Jiarong , Tang Shuai , Zang Jiawang , Ou Xu , Pan Ji 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A 2D model of an anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEMFC) was presented in this paper, based on principles of mass conservation, species conservation, and charge conservation. The anode gas diffusion layer (GDL) was designed with a gradient in porosity along the direction of gas permeation to examine how this gradient porosity design affects cell performance and the internal transport of substances within the AEMFC. The findings indicate that anode GDL with gradient porosity distribution promotes a more uniform distribution of reaction gases and reduces the aggregation of liquid water on the anode side, thereby reducing the occurrence of anode flooding phenomenon. Additionally, the anode GDL with gradient porosity distribution enhances the membrane’s hydration levels, bringing an increased ion conductivity and improved overall AEMFC performance.
Emergency control technology for improving frequency safety of urban zoning power grid after disconnection
Authors: Zhang Tongzun , Chen Jialin , Shi Chenggang , Ni Zhenlin , Xiang Kai , Wang Yang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
After the main grid of the urban power grid becomes unstable due to extreme disasters or attacks, if the partitioned power grid is disconnected and enters an off-grid state, it may cause a secondary drop in system frequency due to frequency voltage coupling and low penetration of new energy, resulting in power outages of important loads and adverse social impacts. Firstly, this article analyzes the frequency voltage coupling phenomenon and the adverse effects caused by the low penetration state of new energy after the disconnection of the partitioned power grid, and elaborates on the shortcomings of traditional emergency control measures for load shedding; Secondly, based on the extreme survival demand of the partitioned urban power grid, a frequency safety based load under-switching control technology is proposed, which reduces the amount of load shedding measures within the constraints of power grid frequency safety; Then, in response to the adverse effects of voltage frequency coupling and low penetration of new energy, an energy storage emergency control technology was proposed to enhance the transient frequency security of new energy after local grid disconnection. Combined with load under-switching control technology, a strong local grid disconnection frequency control strategy with multi-resource coordination was established. Finally, the effectiveness and feasibility of the emergency control strategy proposed in this paper were verified based on the regional power grid of a certain city in China.
Isolation switch state recognition method based on voiceprint recognition
Authors: Xie Xingsheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Voiceprint recognition technology is used for identity verification and sound analysis by analyzing unique sound features such as frequency, rhythm, and fluctuation patterns. This technology is extended to industries like power grid monitoring, where it can automate the detection of the operational status of devices like scissor-type isolation switches. The paper explores the integration of voiceprint recognition with deep learning to automatically determine the posture of these switches, improving efficiency and reliability in power system operations. Additionally, machine vision is utilized for posture recognition based on images, further enhancing operational safety and automation in power grids.
Simulation study on steady-state temperature rise distribution of helical spring contact based on electric-thermo-mechanical coupling
Authors: Wang Lili , Ma Yongfu , Bao Zhenghong , Chen Yao , Ren Jiyun , Zhang Guohui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Thermal failures of busbar gas chambers in gas-insulated metal-enclosed switches (GIS) are common, and the failure points are usually the internal spring contacts. To study this phenomenon in depth, this paper constructs a 3D electrical-thermal-mechanical coupling simulation model of spring contacts, calculates the contact resistance and contact thermal resistance of the spring contact fingers by the Cooper-Mikic-Yovanovich (CMY) theory, investigates the distribution of temperature rise by considering the gravity of conducting rods, and performs thermal-fluid coupling simulation by the real circuit breaker model. The simulation results are consistent with the general characteristics of thermal failure of busbar spring contact fingers. This paper is of great significance for the investigation and analysis of the thermal failure of busbar gas chamber spring contact fingers and their structural optimization design.
Study of beam dynamic transient effects in the SARAF LEBT
Authors: Perry A. , Weissman L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study effects of transients on the beam transport in the SARAF Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) section. Beam signals from a collimator and a beam blocker at the LEBT exit were used for deducing the evolution of space charge neutralization during the beam pulse transport. The neutralization buildup time and final neutralization level were obtained. In the future, the impact of the varying neutralization level on the beam propagation downstream in the linac will be investigated.
BKT transitions of the XY and six-state clock models on the various two-dimensional lattices
Authors: Okabe Yutaka , Otsuka Hiromi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In a two-dimensional (2D) spin system, the XY model, characterized by planar rotational symmetry, exhibits a unique phenomenon known as the Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT) transition. In contrast, the clock model, which introduces discrete rotational symmetry, exhibits the BKT transition at two different temperatures due to this discreteness. In this study, we numerically investigate the BKT transition for XY and six-state clock models over various 2D lattices. We employ two primary methods: the Monte Carlo method, which analyzes the size dependence of the ratio of the correlation functions for two different distances, and a machine-learning approach to classify the different phases—namely, the low-temperature ordered phase, the intermediate BKT phase, and the high-temperature disordered phase. We identify the BKT transition temperatures for the XY and six-state models on honeycomb, kagome, and diced lattices. Combined with the previously calculated data for the triangular lattice, we then compare these values with the second-order phase transition temperatures of the 2D Ising model, for which exact solutions are known. Our results indicate that the ratio of the BKT transition temperatures for each lattice relative to the Ising model transition temperatures are close, although the values are not universal.
Feasibility of detecting non-small cell lung cancer using exhaled breath condensate metabolomics
Authors: Wang Sha , Chu Heng , Wang Guoan , Zhang Zhe , Yin Shining , Lu Jingguang , Dong Yuehang , Zang Xiaoling , Lv Zhihua 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancy in the world, and early detection of lung cancer remains a challenge. The exhaled breath condensate (EBC) from lung and trachea can be collected totally noninvasively. In this study, our aim is to identify differential metabolites between non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and control EBC samples and discriminate NSCLC group from control group by orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models. The EBC differential metabolites between NSCLC patients (n = 29) and controls (n = 24) (20 healthy and 4 benign individuals) were identified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry based untargeted metabolomics method. The upregulated metabolites in EBC of NSCLC included amino acids and derivatives (phenylalanine, tryptophan, 1-carboxyethylisoleucine/1-carboxyethylleucine, and 2-octenoylglycine), dipeptides (leucyl-phenylalanine, leucyl-leucine, leucyl-histidine/isoleucyl-histidine, and prolyl-valine), and fatty acids (tridecenoic acid, hexadecadienoic acid, tetradecadienoic acid, 9,12,13-trihydroxyoctadec-10-enoic acid/9,10,13-trihydroxyoctadec-11-enoic acid (9,12,13-TriHOME/9,10,13-TriHOME), 3-hydroxysebacic acid/2-hydroxydecanedioic acid, 9-oxooctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid/9,10-Epoxy-12,15-octadecadienoate (9-oxoODE/9(10)-EpODE), and suberic acid). The downregulated metabolites in EBC of NSCLC were 3,4-methylenesebacic acid, 2-isopropylmalic acid/3-isopropylmalic acid/2,3-dimethyl-3-hydroxyglutaric acid, and trimethylamine-N-oxide. The OPLS-DA model based on 5 EBC metabolites achieved 86.2% sensitivity, 83.3% specificity and 84.9% accuracy, showing a potential to distinguish NSCLC patients from controls.
Ab-initio trained machine learning potential for MAX compound Ti2AlC: construction, validation, and study of non linear elasticity
Authors: Ghosh Aishwaryo , Moitra Amitava , Saha-Dasgupta Tanusri 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
One of the intriguing features exhibited by the layered MAX phase compounds, is the nonlinear elastic behaviour. Since the experimental observation of this curious behaviour, the underlying micro-mechanism has been discussed to interpret experimental observations. However, the theoretical investigation remained a challenge due to the associated length and time scales of the phenomena. In the present work, we adopt a data driven approach to develop a machine learned interatomic potential for the MAX compound Ti2AlC following the moment tensor potential protocol. The constructed potential is validated in lattice constant, formation energy, elastic constant, and stacking fault energies. Finally, applying machine learned potential in classical molecular dynamics provides a faithful representation of the experimentally observed nonlinear elasticity for Ti2AlC. The generated atomic configurations confirm the proposal of formation of ripplocations which allow atomic layers to glide relative to each other without breaking the in-plane bonds. We find common defects, like Al vacancy, strongly influence the hysteresis properties of the stress–strain curve, paving the route to defect-engineered nonlinear elasticity.
Investigating charge dynamics at lead halide perovskite single crystal surfaces
Authors: Kammlander Birgit , García-Fernández Alberto , Svanström Sebastian , Giangrisostomi Erika , Ovsyannikov Ruslan , Rensmo Håkan , Cappel Ute B 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To further develop lead halide perovskites for their application in solar cells, understanding the material’s fundamental behavior under illumination is necessary. Investigating light-induced charge dynamics in single crystals can give insight into material inherent properties. Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (TR-PES) allows to monitor the photovoltage build-up and decay between the sample surface and bulk over time and gives information on light-induced charge redistribution within the crystal. Additionally, this method enables us to follow compositional changes and surface degradation and distinguish these from purely electronic effects. Here we investigated the charge dynamics of two distinct lead halide perovskite single crystal surfaces (CsPbBr3, Cs-doped FAPbI3) using TR-PES in different timescales (ps to μs and s to min). It was found that CsPbBr3 shows photovoltage rise and decay on the nanosecond to microsecond time-range, which can be assigned to electron–hole pair separation between surface and bulk. On the other hand, such electron dynamics could not be resolved for Cs-doped FAPbI3 at these fast timescales. Instead, for Cs-doped FAPbI3, the observed photovoltage decay was dominated by much slower dynamics and relaxation to the dark equilibrium state took around 10 min. This suggests that ion migration is responsible for a photovoltage build-up between surface and bulk of the crystal.
Analysis and precision of a low cost GNSS receiver for georeference in cultural heritage and historic landscape for an HBIM environment
Authors: Moyano Juan , Nieto-Julián Juan E , Marín-García David , Fernández Valderrama Pedro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For the most part, government institutions recognize that cultural heritage is a source of unparalleled expression of humanity’s footprint over time and therefore must be adequately studied, managed, and preserved. To achieve this, and especially in the case of monuments and sites of cultural-historical interest, various techniques and methodologies are employed to facilitate the acquisition of precise geometric information and geographic location. In this context, the use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers enables something as fundamental as connecting the digitally reconstructed heritage model with a geographic information system located in terrestrial space. Considering that low-cost GNSS receivers are currently emerging and improving these processes and their speed of execution, this study proposes a research framework where, through measurement techniques and knowledge of the limitations of experimental methods, the precision of a low-cost GNSS receiver is used as a measurement element to establish control points in photogrammetry using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The results show that the Leica Zeno FLX100 intelligent device achieves a precision of around 0.015 metres, surpassing that of other consolidated Global Positioning System (GPS) devices on the market, and that this equipment is more operational and effective for establishing Ground Control Points (GCPs) in aerial photogrammetry flights due to its speed in recording data and sending it to operators. The experimental samples were collected in two work areas: rural and urban environments. Performance was measured in terms of accuracy and feasibility in the Building Information Model (BIM) environment. In a static-urban context, the differentials between both receivers were practically identical, except on the X axis. In a dynamic-rural context, the low-cost receiver produced better results than the comparison receiver.
Bridging the gap: A collaborative model for forensic social work dissemination and translation
Authors: Lattas Dimitra , Rock Jacoba 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Forensic social workers play an integral role in upholding human rights and social justice in criminal and juvenile legal settings, including in policing, courts, corrections, forensic mental health, and treatment facilities. These practitioners have organizational and ethical responsibilities to provide research-based and empirically informed interventions. However, research has shown a disconnect between research and practice in social work, including in the forensic social work arena. This article explores dissemination and translation strategies as mechanisms to bridge the research–practice gap. Forensic social workers should support the development of knowledge through scientific research, but they should also be equipped to disseminate and translate research that will address complex needs seen in the criminal legal system and with system-involved communities at micro, meso, and macro levels. The proposed collaborative model positions dissemination and translation as strategies to uphold evidence-informed practice, with important implications for practice, education, and community contexts, including the geographic- and identity-based communities most involved in and affected by criminal and juvenile legal practices.
Enhancing life satisfaction among individuals receiving methadone treatment: The contribution of childhood experiences, personal variables, and therapeutic alliance with the social worker
Authors: Ben-Shlomo Shirley , Angel Maya , Werbeloff–Becker Nomi , Roska Paola 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines life satisfaction in individuals receiving methadone treatment (MT) at a public healthcare clinic in Israel, using an ecological perspective to assess multiple influencing factors. A total of 180 participants completed surveys on childhood parenting styles, sense of belonging, self-esteem, and therapeutic alliance with the social worker in the healthcare setting. High sense belonging and self-esteem, as well as a strong therapeutic alliance, were positively correlated with life satisfaction. Conversely, non-adaptive parenting styles were related to lower life satisfaction. Therapeutic alliance mediated the associations between self-esteem and sense of belonging to life satisfaction, underscoring the critical role social workers play in enhancing well-being. The importance of potential strategies to enhance life satisfaction and integration into society for individuals in MT within health and social care environments is discussed.