bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of BDNF–TrkB signaling in the antidepressant‐like actions of loganin, the main active compound of Corni Fructus
Authors: Gong Mingzhu , Wang Junming , Song Lingling , Wu Xiaohui , Wang Yanmei , Li Bingyin , Zhang Yueyue , Qin Lingyu , Duan Yaqian , Long Bingyu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsCorni Fructus (CF) and some CF‐contained prescriptions are commonly used in clinical treatment of depression. This investigation aims to evaluate the main active compound of CF in antidepressant properties and its key target.MethodsFirstly, this study established a behavioral despair model and used high‐performance liquid chromatography method to evaluate the antidepressant‐like effects of water extract, 20%, 50%, and 80% ethanol extracts of CF, and its main active compound. Then, this study created chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model to assess loganin's antidepressant‐like properties, and its target was evaluated by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, Immunofluorescence, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, and tyrosine receptor kinase B (TrkB) inhibitor.ResultsResults showed that the different extracts of CF significantly shortened the immobility time in forced swimming and tail suspension tests. Moreover, loganin alleviated CUMS‐induced depression‐like behavior, promoted neurotrophy and neurogenesis, and inhibited neuroinflammation. Furthermore, K252a blocked the improvement of loganin on depression‐like behavior, and eliminated the enhancement of neurotrophy and neurogenesis and the inhibition of neuroinflammation.ConclusionOverall, these results indicated that loganin could be used as a major active compound of CF for the antidepressant‐like properties and exerted antidepressant‐like actions by regulating brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)–TrkB signaling, and TrkB could be used as key target for itsantidepressant‐like actions.
Health‐care practitioner use of prescription drug monitoring programs in clinical practice in Australia: A qualitative study
Authors: Hoppe Dimi , (George) Liu Chaojie , Khalil Hanan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrescription drug monitoring programs (PDMP) are electronic databases used by prescribers and pharmacists to monitor the use of high‐risk prescription medications subject to extramedical use. This study aimed to explore how Australian pharmacists and prescribers are using PDMPs in practice and to gain an understanding of barriers to tool use, as well as practitioner recommendations to increase tool usability and uptake.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with pharmacists and prescribers who use a PDMP (n = 21). The interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed.ResultsThe four themes that emerged were: (i) PDMP notifications combined with practitioner clinical judgement guide PDMP usability; (ii) practitioners use PDMPs to facilitate patient and practitioner communication; (iii) workflow systems integration impacts tool usability; and (iv) optimising PDMP information and data access including practitioner‐tool engagement to improve tool uptake and usability.Discussion and ConclusionsPractitioners appreciate the value of PDMP information support for clinical decisions and patient communication. However, they also acknowledge the challenges to tool use and recommend improvements including enhanced workflow, systems integration, optimisation of tool information and national data sharing. Practitioners provide an important perspective on PDMP use in clinical practice. The findings can be drawn on by PDMP administrators to improve tool usefulness. Consequently, this may lead to an increase in practitioner PDMP use and optimise the delivery of quality patient care.
Comorbidities associated with 2‐year mortality in adults with cerebral palsy in Japan
Authors: Fujimoto Yoh , Nakatani Eiji , Tabara Yasuharu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo clarify whether the Whitney Comorbidity Index (WCI) is useful in Asian adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and whether aspiration pneumonia and pressure ulcers improved the prognostic significance of the WCI.MethodThis cohort study evaluated individuals aged at least 18 years with CP in Japan. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to analyse 2‐year mortality rates. The predictive performance of the Charlson Comorbidity Index, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, and WCI were compared as comorbidity assessment criteria. Aspiration pneumonia and pressure ulcers were added to the Cox models, and their impact on hazard ratios was determined.ResultsOf the 2232 adults with CP, 72 died during the 2 years. The model with a previously reported weighted WCI with aspiration pneumonia and pressure ulcers produced the best fit. Additionally, the hazard risk of 2‐year mortality for an unweighted WCI score of at least 4 was 2.56; when CP‐specific comorbidities were added, it increased to 8.94.InterpretationThis study showed that the WCI can be used in Asian adults with CP. Furthermore, assessing patient age, aspiration pneumonia, and pressure ulcers in addition to the WCI increased the predictive value for mortality. Our findings indicate that the WCI can promote valid comparisons between international populations.What this paper adds

The Whitney Comorbidity Index (WCI) is useful among adults with cerebral palsy, irrespective of ethnic differences.
Assessment of aspiration pneumonia and pressure ulcers increased the WCI predictive value.
The WCI helps identify adults with cerebral palsy at risk of adverse outcomes.
Bexagliflozin as an adjunct to metformin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adults: A 24‐week, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Authors: Halvorsen Yuan‐Di , Conery Annie L. , Lock John Paul , Zhou Wenjiong , Freeman Mason W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the relative safety and effectiveness of bexagliflozin as an adjunct to metformin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsIn total, 317 participants were randomized to receive bexagliflozin or placebo plus metformin. The primary endpoint was the change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline to week 24, with secondary endpoints for systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting plasma glucose and weight loss. An open label arm enrolled participants with HbA1c >10.5% and was analysed separately.ResultsThe mean change in HbA1c was −1.09% (95% CI −1.24%, −0.94%) in the bexagliflozin arm and −0.56% (−0.71%, −0.41%) in the placebo arm, a difference of −0.53% (−0.74%, −0.32%; p < .0001). Excluding observations after rescue medication, the intergroup difference was −0.70% (−0.92, −0.48; p < .0001). The open label group change in HbA1c was −2.82% (−3.23%, −2.41%). Placebo‐adjusted changes from baseline SBP, fasting plasma glucose and body mass were −7.07 mmHg (−9.83, −4.32; p < .0001), −1.35 mmol/L (−1.83, −0.86; p < .0001) and −2.51 kg (−3.45, −1.57; p < .0001). Adverse events affected 42.4% and 47.2% of subjects in the bexagliflozin and placebo arms, respectively; fewer subjects in the bexagliflozin arm experienced serious adverse events.ConclusionsBexagliflozin produced clinically meaningful improvement in glycaemic control, estimated glomerular filtration rate and SBP when added to metformin in a population of adults with diabetes.
The impact of intergenerational income mobility on internal migration in China
Authors: Zhou Guangsu , Bian Xiaoyu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examines the impact of income mobility on internal migration across prefectures in China. We use income intergenerational persistence to evaluate income mobility and find that migrants prefer cities with higher income mobility. We further use the instrumental variable estimation and a set of robustness tests to verify the reliability of our findings. The influence is larger among women, the elderly, and the less‐educated, while the economic prosperity of destinations could relatively offset the negative effect of lower income mobility on migration. Additionally, higher mobility not only attracts but also retains migrants, hence benefiting the local economy. Through further exploration, we find that the real migration influencing factor underlying the higher income mobility is the higher job mobility, indicating that the real pursuit of Chinese migrants is the increased access to suitable job opportunities.
Targeting autophagy with tamoxifen in breast cancer: From molecular mechanisms to targeted therapy
Authors: Zamanian Mohammad Yasin , Golmohammadi Maryam , Nili‐Ahmadabadi Amir , Alameri Ameer A. , Al‐Hassan Mohammed , Alshahrani Shadia Hamoud , Hasan Mohammed Sami , Ramírez‐Coronel Andrés Alexis , Qasim Qutaiba A. , Heidari Mahsa , Verma Amita 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTamoxifen (TAM) is often recommended as a first‐line treatment for estrogen receptor‐positive breast cancer (BC). However, TAM resistance continues to be a medical challenge for BC with hormone receptor positivity. The function of macro‐autophagy and autophagy has recently been identified to be altered in BC, which suggests a potential mechanism for TAM resistance. Autophagy is a cellular stress‐induced response to preserve cellular homeostasis. Also, therapy‐induced autophagy, which is typically cytoprotective and activated in tumor cells, could sometimes be non‐protective, cytostatic, or cytotoxic depending on how it is regulated.ObjectiveThis review explored the literature on the connections between hormonal therapies and autophagy. We investigated how autophagy could develop drug resistance in BC cells.MethodsScopus, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar were used to search articles for this study.ResultsThe results demonstrated that protein kinases such as pAMPK, BAX, and p‐p70S6K could be a sign of autophagy in developing TAM resistance. According to the study's findings, autophagy plays an important role in BC patients' TAM resistance.ConclusionTherefore, by overcoming endocrine resistance in estrogen receptor‐positive breast tumors, autophagy inhibition may improve the therapeutic efficacy of TAM.
Evidence that long‐distance dispersal of aquatic invertebrates by ducks increases with propagule size
Authors: Santamaría Luis , Charalambidou Iris , Viana Duarte , van Donk Ellen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMigratory ducks are key dispersal agents for aquatic organisms, yet differences in their potential for short‐ and long‐distance dispersal are still poorly understood, particularly differences among aquatic invertebrate taxa.Using seven species of aquatic invertebrates and a duck species known to feed on them in the wild (the northern shoveler) as a model system, we evaluated whether their potential for endozoochorous dispersal varies among five of the species and scales with propagule size for the seven species. We also tested the expectation of a lower dispersal potential for invertebrate propagules, as compared to plant seeds; and evaluated whether intra‐specific variation (in particular, sexual dimorphism) influences the potential of waterbirds as dispersal vectors.An experiment with five invertebrate species demonstrated that most resting eggs (68%–95%) were retrieved by 4 hr after ingestion, with maximum gut‐passage times ranging from 16 hr forDaphnia magnato 36 hr forArtemia salinaandThamnocephalus platyurus. Using models that combine migratory duck movements with gut‐passage times, we show that aquatic invertebrates may disperse frequently over distances of 15–16 km (median dispersal distance) and regularly over distances up to 110–166 km (Q99distance).Increasing propagule size resulted in increasing gut‐passage times, decreasing survival of gut passage and decreasing hatching success. While propagule size had no effects on “regular” dispersal distances (mean, median,Q95andQ99), the frequency of long‐distance dispersal increased with it.Increasing propagule size therefore had two contrasting effects on invertebrate dispersal potential, decreasing the frequency of dispersal (fewer seeds dispersed) but increasing the potential for long‐distance dispersal.Conclusions: We provide evidence that endozoochory of invertebrate propagules by waterbirds results in frequent dispersal among wetlands (tens of km) and regular dispersal at regional scale (over a hundred km).
L2 grit and pragmatic comprehension among Chinese postgraduate learners: Enjoyment and anxiety as mediators
Authors: Wang Yuqi , Ren Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractComprehension of implicature may be challenging for L2 learners, which may be further influenced for by learners’ L2 grit and emotions. However, few studies have endeavored to determine the predictive impact of L2 grit, along with its closely associated emotional factors, such as enjoyment and anxiety, and investigate how these psychological factors jointly influence pragmatic comprehension. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the relationship between L2 grit and pragmatic comprehension, along with the mediating roles of enjoyment and anxiety in their interactions. The data were collected from 171 Chinese non‐English major postgraduate learners, a population that has been less pronounced in L2 pragmatics. The findings revealed that the perseverance of effort (PE) of L2 grit predicted pragmatic comprehension instead of the consistency of interest of L2 grit. Pragmatic comprehension was positively but weakly linked to enjoyment and shared negative and moderate associations with anxiety. Only anxiety mediated the interaction between PE and pragmatic comprehension. Implications for pragmatic instruction and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Exploring differences in Korean consumers' perceptions of plant‐based jerky at different test locations: a comparison of the central location test, drive‐thru test, and home‐use test
Authors: Kim Mi‐Ran , Heo JeongAe , Kwak Han Sub 
Published: July 2023

SummarySensory scientists have experienced difficulties in recruiting large samples of consumers to evaluate food products in controlled spaces at central testing sites during the coronavirus pandemic. Therefore, this study investigated the consumer acceptance and sensory profiling of five types of plant‐based jerky samples at three different testing locations: a drive‐thru test (DTT, n = 119); a home‐use test (HUT, n = 126); and a conventional central location test (CLT, n = 118). The findings revealed that the CLT and DTT groups showed a similar pattern in terms of acceptance for samples compared to the HUT group. After analysing differences in sensory profiling across locations, the number of discriminating sample terms was found to be higher in both the CLT and DTT groups when compared to the HUT group. The regression vector coefficient values of the DTT and HUT compared to the CLT were 0.99 and 0.97, respectively, indicating close similarity in sensory profiling results. These findings suggest that the DTT is a valid alternative to the CLT when conducting analytical sensory testing.
Effectiveness of museum‐based participatory arts in mental health recovery
Authors: Goodman‐Casanova Jessica Marian , Guzman‐Parra Jose , Duran‐Jimenez Francisco Javier , Garcia‐Gallardo Marta , Cuesta‐Lozano Daniel , Mayoral‐Cleries Fermin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe World Health Organization encourages mental health services to adopt a strategic intersectoral approach by acknowledging the potential of the arts and the value of culture on the process of mental health recovery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of participatory arts in museums on mental health recovery. A quasi‐experimental, pre‐post and multicentre study was carried out. By using a mixed methods evaluation at baseline and at 3 months, quantitative outcome measures were used to assess the changes in recovery and social support and qualitative interviews to explore the self‐perceived impact on five processes of recovery. One hundred mental health service users participated for 3 years in the face‐to‐face programme RecuperArte, of which the data of 54 were analysed. The results indicate a significant increase in recovery measured with the QPR‐15‐SP (42 vs. 44; p = 0.034) and almost significant in functional social support measured with the DUKE‐UNC (41.50 vs. 43.50; p = 0.052), with almost large (r = 0.29) and medium (r = 0.26) effect sizes, respectively. Participants perceived mostly an impact on the recovery process of Meaning in life 30/54 (55.56%), Hope and optimism about the future 29/54 (53.7%) and Connectedness 21/54 (38.89%), followed by Identity 6/54 (11.11%) and Empowerment 5/54 (9.26%). The findings contribute to the growing evidence of the potential of the arts as a therapeutic tool, the value of museums as therapeutic spaces and the role of nurses in intersectoral coordination, between the mental health and cultural sectors, as facilitators and researchers of these evidence‐based practices.
Inbreeding depression and its effect on sperm quality traits in Pietrain pigs
Authors: Tsheten Gyembo , Fuerst‐Waltl Birgit , Pfeiffer Christina , Sölkner Johann , Bovenhuis Henk , Mészáros Gábor 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn most cases, inbreeding is expected to have unfavourable effects on traits in livestock. The consequences of inbreeding depression could be substantial, primarily in reproductive and sperm quality traits, and thus lead to decreased fertility. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (i) to compute inbreeding coefficients using pedigree (FPED) and genomic data based on runs of homozygosity (ROH) in the genome (FROH) of Austrian Pietrain pigs, and (ii) to assess inbreeding depression on four sperm quality traits. In total, 74,734 ejaculate records from 1034 Pietrain boars were used for inbreeding depression analyses. Traits were regressed on inbreeding coefficients using repeatability animal models. Pedigree‐based inbreeding coefficients were lower than ROH‐based inbreeding values. The correlations between pedigree and ROH‐based inbreeding coefficients ranged from 0.186 to 0.357. Pedigree‐based inbreeding affected only sperm motility while ROH‐based inbreeding affected semen volume, number of spermatozoa, and motility. For example, a 1% increase in pedigree inbreeding considering 10 ancestor generations (FPED10) was significantly (p < 0.05) associated with a 0.231% decrease in sperm motility. Almost all estimated effects of inbreeding on the traits studied were unfavourable. It is advisable to properly manage the level of inbreeding to avoid high inbreeding depression in the future. Further, analysis of effects of inbreeding depression for other traits, including growth and litter size for the Austrian Pietrain population is strongly advised.
In‐vivo evaluation of catheter integrity with the use of a novel catheter torque tool
Authors: Mass Paige , Opfermann Justin , Grupposo R. T. Vito , DiBiase Luigi , Berul Charles I. , Clark Bradley C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionElectrophysiology studies and ablation procedures require strength, steadiness, and dexterity to manipulate catheters. We have previously described a novel catheter torque tool (Peritorq) that improves torqueability and stability and decreases user muscle fatigue. The objective was to evaluate measures of catheter integrity with and without the torque tool in place using multiple diagnostic and ablation catheters in an adult porcine model.MethodsDiagnostic and ablation catheters were inserted through the femoral or jugular vein into areas of the right atrium, coronary sinus (CS), and right ventricle. Electrical measurements including impedance, sensing, and capture thresholds were obtained with and without the torque tool. Ablation lesions (30 s) were given at different locations using both irrigated and nonirrigated catheters and measurements were recorded with and without the torque tool.ResultsProcedures were performed in eight adult pigs. Measurements with and without the torque tool in all locations did not differ significantly using any of the catheters. With the nonirrigated ablation catheter there was a significant difference in maximum (mean 1.7 W, p = .03) and average power (mean 9.1 W, p = .04) delivery at the PS tricuspid valve, but there were no other differences with the irrigated or nonirrigated catheters. Subjective assessment by the operator revealed a substantial improvement in maneuverability, ability to transfer torque, and stability within the cardiac space.ConclusionIn an in‐vivo environment, a novel catheter torque tool subjectively improved catheter manipulation and did not have a significant impact on the integrity of electrophysiologic catheters. Further study including additional catheters and in‐vivo human testing is indicated.
Association between tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption with arterial stiffness
Authors: Vallée Alexandre 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFew investigations have been performed between tobacco smoking, alcohol, and arterial stiffness. The purpose of our study was to investigate the association between smoking use and alcohol with arterial stiffness index (ASI) in a middle‐age population. Smoking pack‐years and cigarettes per day were defined as alcohol consumption in units/day. Sex associations between smoking and alcohol with ASI were estimated using multiple linear regressions. Interactions and synergistic effects were investigating. 98 039 individuals of the UK Biobank cohort were included (45 457 men and 52 582 women). ASI levels were higher in men than in women (9.91 vs. 8.71 m/s, p < .001), and showed higher relationship to smoking tobacco in multiple linear regression models in women than in men (FDR logworth 78.4 vs. 52.7). The findings revealed that ASI was higher among current smokers than never smokers in both sex and after adjustment for all covariates (in men 10.4 vs. 9.6 and in women 9.5 vs. 8.5 m/s, p < .001). Alcohol consumption per day was positively associated with higher levels of ASI in both sex, but with a less relationship (FDR logworth for men = 2.8, for women = 2.5). An interaction was observed between smoking information and alcohol in men but not in women. Synergistic effects were observed by adding smoking information on alcohol consumption models in men and women (p = .029, p < .001, respectively). Smoking and alcohol were associated with higher ASI in both sex but with a higher relationship among women. The findings suggest the importance of considering smoking and alcohol consumption cessation in cardiovascular diseases prevention.