bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green hydrogen revolution and its pathway towards sustainable development
Authors: Maka Ali O M , Mehmood Mubbashar , Chaudhary Tariq Nawaz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The demand surge for clean and sustainable energy has risen globally to gain a cleaner environment. Therefore, the global energy transition proposes hydrogen energy, an essential energy source, particularly green hydrogen energy, which emits no carbon dioxide. Green hydrogen has been prosperous in the last few years and has revolutionised the green energy sector needs. Green hydrogen energy could be employed as long-term energy storage to integrate energy from renewable energy with unexpected and variable characteristics in the future energy system largely comprised of renewable resources. Hence, it can enhance the electricity system's dependability and increase the reliability of renewable energy; conversely, green hydrogen energy might help lower carbon emissions. This study gives insight through analysis of the overview and prospects of hydrogen energy. Besides, a thorough analysis is conducted on the present scenario of green hydrogen production technologies, their advancement trends, and the potential uses and roles of green hydrogen energy. The state-of-the-art green hydrogen has been highlighted, thus the developed approaches in the domain. Also, it gives an overview of the latest technologies used to produce/store/distribute green hydrogen. Moreover, a detailed description of green hydrogen utilisation, distribution infrastructure and storage technologies are given. That will help to achieve global sustainable development goals in the near future. Accordingly, 6 of 17 global sustainable development goals strategy clauses were met with global sustainable development goals while adopting green hydrogen as a clean energy source.
Single-cell analysis of lung epithelial cells reveals age and cell population-specific responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in ciliated cells
Authors: Osborn Raven M , Anderson Christopher S , Leach Justin R , Chu Chin Yi , Dewhurst Stephen , Mariani Thomas J , Thakar Juilee 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The ability of SARS-CoV-2 to evade antiviral immune signaling in the airway contributes to the severity of COVID-19 disease. Additionally, COVID-19 is influenced by age and has more severe presentations in older individuals. This raises questions about innate immune signaling as a function of lung development and age.

Method
Therefore, we investigated the transcriptome of different cell populations of the airway epithelium using pediatric and adult lung tissue samples from the LungMAP Human Tissue Core Biorepository. Specifically, lung lobes were digested and cultured into a biomimetic model of the airway epithelium on an air-liquid interface. Cells were then infected with SARS-CoV-2 and subjected to single-cell RNA sequencing. Transcriptional profiling and differential expression analysis were carried out using Seurat.

Results
The clustering analysis identified several cell populations: club cells, proliferating epithelial cells, multiciliated precursor cells, ionocytes, and two biologically distinct clusters of ciliated cells (FOXJ1high and FOXJ1low). Interestingly, the two ciliated cell clusters showed different infection rates and enrichment of processes involved in ciliary biogenesis and function; we observed a cell-type-specific suppression of innate immunity in infected cells from the FOXJ1low subset. We also identified a significant number of genes that were differentially expressed in lung cells derived from children as compared to adults, suggesting the differential pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children versus adults.

Conclusion
We discuss how this work can be used to identify drug targets to modulate molecular signaling cascades that mediate an innate immune response and begin to understand differences in COVID-19 outcomes for pediatric vs. adult populations
Discordance between Cystatin C-based and Creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate and health outcomes in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Qiaoling , Welsh Paul , Celis-Morales Carlos , Ho Frederick K , Lees Jennifer S , Mark Patrick B 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The intra-individual difference in Cystatin C-based and Creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcys, eGFRcr, respectively), i.e., eGFR discordance, has recently been demonstrated to have prognostic implications. It was associated with mortality, cardiovascular, and renal outcomes. We presented a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize existing literature.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE up to April 28, 2024 for cohort and cross-sectional studies in English reporting the association of eGFR discordance with mortality, cardiovascular, and renal outcomes. The quality of studies was evaluated by Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Exposure form. Data from studies were extracted to a pre-defined table and pooled using a random-effects model. Stratified and sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results
A total of 1489 studies were initially identified, of which 18 studies with longitudinal or cross-sectional designs were included, with a sample size between 373 and 363494 people. The risk of bias was generally low to some concerns. eGFR was mainly calculated using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equations, while a few studies applied other equations. An eGFR discordance featuring lower eGFRcys, e.g., eGFRcys≤60% of eGFRcr, or eGFRcys - eGFRcr≤ -15 ml/min/1.73m2 was consistently associated with higher mortality and elevated risk of cardiovascular and renal outcomes. People with lower eGFRcys have a 58% greater risk of mortality (HR=1.58, 95%CI: 1.42, 1.76), and 32% greater risk of cardiovascular events (HR=1.32, 95%CI: 1.25, 1.39. People with higher eGFRcys have a 39% lower risk of mortality (HR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.52, 0.70), and 29% lower risk of cardiovascular events (HR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.62, 0.81). No meta-analysis for renal outcomes was conducted due to data availability.

Conclusions
The eGFR discordance serves as a meaningful indicator of adverse health outcomes. The lack of a consensus on the cut-off value of eGFR discordance and the mixture use of eGFR equations warrants attention.
Temporal Trends in Surgery and Hospitalization Rates for Crohn's Disease in Brazil: A Population-Based Study
Authors: dos Reis Guerra João Augusto , Magro Daniela O , Rodrigues Coy Claudio Saddy , Valverde Douglas A , de Oliveira Emilia Sousa , Quaresma Abel Botelho , Kotze Paulo Gustavo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Biological therapy has transformed the natural course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), but there are still controversies regarding its potential to reduce surgical rates for Crohn's Disease (CD). This study, conducted with the support of the Brazilian National Healthcare System, aimed to analyze temporal trends in surgery and hospitalization rates among patients with CD and to correlate these data with the dispensing of azathioprine (AZA), infliximab (IFX) and adalimumab (ADA).

Methodology
This retrospective observational study used data from the National Public Healthcare Department of Informatics (DATASUS) through the TT Disease Explorer® platform from 2012 to 2022. Demographic data, medications used, and the prevalence of surgical procedures and hospitalizations associated with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes for CD were analyzed. Annual Average Percent Changes (AAPC) were calculated to assess temporal trends.

Results
Between 2012 and 2022, there was a significant increase of 288.07% in the diagnoses of Crohn's Disease (CD), rising from 27,551 to 106,917 cases. Concurrently, there was an increase in the absolute number of patients treated with AZA, IFX, and ADA, with increasing rates of 65.79%, 251.09%, and 242.48%, respectively. However, the proportion of patients receiving AZA per CD patients decreased by 57.28%, from 44.79% to 19.13% (AAPC = -7.94%, 95% CI: -8.05 to -7.83; p &lt; 0.001). The use of IFX remained relatively stable, with a slight change from 13.82% to 12.50% (AAPC = 0.01%, 95% CI: -0.20 to 0.22; p = 0.935), while the use of ADA decreased by 11.75%, from 11.65% to 10.28% (AAPC = -1.74%, 95% CI: -2.48 to -1.82; p &lt; 0.001). The absolute number of hospitalizations related to CD increased by 57.71%. Despite the rise in the number of cases and the greater availability of biological treatments, the proportion of hospitalized patients decreased by 59.29%, from 6.19% to 2.52% (AAPC = -7.04%, 95% CI: -7.42 to -6.66; p &lt; 0.001). Similarly, the proportion of surgical procedures relative to the total number of cases decreased by 55.08%, from 1.09% to 0.49% (AAPC = -5.73%, 95% CI: -6.68 to -4.77; p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Despite the cumulative increase in the prevalence of CD cases in the country and the absolute increase in the dispensing of biologics, the proportion of hospitalizations and surgical procedures among CD patients treated in the public health system in Brazil decreased.
Investigating the position of the Ra’īs in Aleppo in the eleventh and twelfth centuries A.D./fifth and sixth centuries A.H.
Authors: Mavaddat Lida , Mavaddat Maryam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In medieval Islam, the position of Raʼīs held significant importance in urban areas across the Islamic world. The Raʼīs existed in cities throughout the Islamic middle ages, in both the western and eastern regions. However, in Aleppo this role possessed distinctive features not observed in other Islamic cities. During the eleventh and twelfth centuries the Raʼīs played a pivotal role in the political and military landscape of Aleppo. Supported by Aḥdāth, a militia group of young men who had social influence, the Ra’īs achieved considerable power in Aleppo during this era. The power of the Ra’īs primarily emerged during the decline of Banī Mirdās government and endured until the Saljuq rule of Syria and Aleppo, during which it started to decrease. At certain junctures, the Ra’īs held the position of both head and manager of the city. This study seeks to investigate the role of Aḥdāth leaders in strengthening the Raʼīs’s power in Aleppo, advancing their political and military objectives by assuming Raʼīs’s positions, and expanding their influence within the city.
Performing, contesting, and resisting internal bordering of refugee rights in Costa Rica
Authors: Basok Tanya , Candiz Guillermo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While Costa Rica has witnessed an increase in refugee claimants, its policy responses have not been sufficiently studied. This article begins to fill this gap by documenting and analyzing the treatment of displaced people in search of protection in this country. Based on the fieldwork conducted in 2023 with refugee claimants and representatives from NGOs and international organizations, combined with the analysis of media coverage, reports, and available official statistics, the article analyzes the impact of Costa Rica’s internal bordering measures and practices on asylum seekers. As documented in the article, refugee claimants find themselves in an ‘eternal’ wait, lacking access to jobs and social protections, and pressured to abandon their claims. The article also highlights the dynamics of resistance and negotiation among various actors and nonperformance of internal bordering practices by state officials. We conclude that internal refugee bordering is a complex, inconsistent, and contradictory process reflective of tensions between hospitality and hostility toward displaced people in search of protection.
Recurrent peripheral ischemia following endovascular repair of an infrarenal aortic aneurysm: what did we miss?
Authors: Ayasa Laith A , Odeh Anas , Abuzahra Saad , Abd Aljalil Fatima , Qozat Ahmad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We document a case of a 75-year-old patient with a history of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension, who underwent endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) with common iliac artery ectasia. Despite an initially successful procedure, the patient experienced recurrent episodes of acute limb ischemia in his right leg. Subsequent imaging revealed thrombus formation distal to the stent graft, constituting a potential source of embolization, which warranted a reevaluation of the treatment strategy. This case highlights some of the complexities associated with managing AAA patients. In the context of EVAR, it emphasizes the significance of careful patient selection, meticulous endograft implantation, and watchful follow-up while tailoring treatment according to individual patient needs and anatomical considerations.
Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia misdiagnosed as cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Ruan Hongyu , Zhu Xiaoxia , Xu Suling , Wang Songting , Yang Feng , Li Guixiu , Jiang Xinyu , Zhao Keyu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) is a rare histopathological reaction. Cases of PEH have been infrequently reported, and it’s even rare to appear as a postsurgical complication. This case report describes the development of multiple masses and purulent discharge around an abdominal scar following surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma, which morphologically resembles squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), though pathology revealed no signs of malignancy. The underlying mechanism of PEH has not been fully characterized. This case report may alert clinicians and pathologists to rare diseases and update the list of postoperative complications.
Gynecological gender-affirming surgeries: what are the motivations and experiences? A qualitative study
Authors: Vestering Asra , van de Grift Tim C , Groenman Freek A , Huirne Judith A F , Kreukels Baudewijntje P C , van Mello Norah M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Although many transmasculine individuals undergo 1 or more gynecological surgeries (ie, hysterectomy, oophorectomy, tubectomy, or colpectomy), little has been published about motivation, subjective experiences, and the effect on dysphoria and quality of life.

Aim
The aim of this study was to acquire an in-depth understanding of patients’ motivations and experienced outcomes of gynecological gender surgery.

Methods
In this qualitative study, in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Nine participants were included who were: on the waiting list for their first gynecological surgery (n = 2), or who had either undergone gynecological surgery as part of their transitioning (ie, hysterectomy) and were on the waiting list for another gynecological procedure (ie, colpectomy, n = 2), or who had undergone gynecological surgery and did not wish to undergo any further surgeries (n = 5). In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted. Topics discussed were motivation to opt for a specific surgery, expectations, and experiences. Thematic analysis was carried out to compose themes from the interview transcripts using the concepts of body image and gender affirmation as a theoretical lens.

Outcomes
The primary outcomes of this study were composed themes based on thematic analysis of the interview transcripts.

Results
Three subthemes were identified, displaying how gynecological surgeries could contribute to gender affirmation: body representation matching oneself; achieving functional congruence; and enabling further surgical transition.

Clinical implications
This study offers valuable insights for healthcare professionals in patient counseling and shared decision-making and provides a foundation for developing patient-reported outcome measures tailored to transmasculine individuals.

Strengths and Limitations
To our knowledge, this is the first qualitative report to study the motivations for and outcomes of gynecological gender-affirming surgeries in such depth; however, the results cannot be directly applied to other settings without considering the local context, including factors such as legislation and insurance policies.

Conclusion
This study highlights how gynecological surgeries, unlike more visible gender-affirming procedures like chest surgeries, address internal conflicts related to the masculine identity by altering the body’s functioning, thereby playing an important role in the process of gender affirmation.
The role of interoceptive sensibility on central sensitization to pain in vulvodynia
Authors: Scarpina Federica , Navarra Maria Elena , Varallo Giorgia , Bernorio Roberto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Interoception may be linked to central sensitization in chronic pain.

Aim
We aimed to provide evidence about the role of interoceptive sensibility on central sensitization in vulvodynia.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, a sample of females who received a diagnosis of vulvodynia filled out validated questionnaires relative to the individual level of interoceptive sensibility and the symptoms of central sensitization.

Outcomes
Interoceptive sensibility and symptoms of central sensitization were measured with the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness and the Central Sensitization Inventory, respectively.

Results
A lower level of trust and a higher level of emotional awareness predicted a higher number of central sensitization symptoms in our sample.

Clinical Implications
Our evidence may increase the researchers’ and physicians’ attention toward the involvement of the central nervous system in pain phenomenology in vulvodynia.

Strengths and Limitations
No ad-hoc control sample was collected. No behavioral assessments about interoception were performed.

Conclusion
As registered in other chronic pain conditions, interoceptive sensibility may play a crucial role in the expressions of symptoms of central sensitization in vulvodynia.
Unveiling shared genetic regulators of plant architectural and biomass yield traits in sorghum
Authors: Singh Anuradha , Newton Linsey , Schnable James C , Thompson Addie M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Sorghum is emerging as an ideal genetic model for designing high-biomass bioenergy crops. Biomass yield, a complex trait influenced by various plant architectural characteristics, is typically regulated by numerous genes. This study aimed to dissect the genetic regulators underlying fourteen plant architectural traits and ten biomass yield traits in the Sorghum Association Panel across two growing seasons. We identified 321 associated loci through genome-wide association studies (GWAS), involving 234,264 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These loci include genes with known associations to biomass traits, such as ‘maturity’, ‘dwarfing (Dw)’, and ‘leafbladeless1’, as well as several uncharacterized loci not previously linked to these traits. We also identified 22 pleiotropic loci associated with variation in multiple phenotypes. Three of these loci, located on chromosomes 3 (S03_15463061), 6 (S06_42790178; Dw2), and 9 (S09_57005346; Dw1), exerted significant and consistent effects on multiple traits across both growing seasons. Additionally, we identified three genomic hotspots on chromosomes 6, 7, and 9, each containing multiple SNPs associated with variation in plant architecture and biomass yield traits. Chromosome-wise correlation analyses revealed multiple blocks of positively associated SNPs located near or within the same genomic regions. Finally, genome-wide correlation-based network analysis showed that loci associated with flowering, plant heights, leaf traits, plant density, and tiller number per plant were highly interconnected with other genetic loci influencing with plant architectural and biomass yield traits. The pyramiding of favorable alleles related to these traits holds promise for enhancing the future development of bioenergy sorghum crops.
“Rhetoric behind the digital screen”: wayfinding across the splinternet of AI—a rhetorical quartet of an affective writer
Authors: Li Ke , Xu Zihan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Drawing on and recontextualizing Elizabeth Forbes’ theory regarding the quartile facets of a developing writer—(1) maker, (2) artist, (3) creator, and (4) performer, and Karen Lunsford’s approach of wayfinding—(1) worlds apart, (2) literacy in the wild, (3) ecologies and networks, and (4) transfer in writing studies, this study, inspired by the notion of affective economy and splinternet, offers a rhetorical quartet pertaining to the literary career of China-related writers to argue that circulation naturalizes the rhetorical processes that govern meaning within the configuration of digital age. Moreover, this study examines the role of digital algorithms as accelerants, magnifying the dissemination of these narratives and marrying a mutual dance between text and reader. In our view, emergence of affect unsettles AI-dominant networks of literature, offering a middle ground to recalibrate the relationship between rhetorical circulation and splinternet transfiguration.
Retooling the Massive Transfusion Protocol at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center
Authors: Hung Stevephen , Carpenay Richard , Fernandez Xiomara , Nava Victor E 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Massive transfusion protocols (MTPs) ensure the timely and life-saving delivery of blood products to patients who are rapidly exsanguinating. Although essential, MTPs are also highly resource-intensive. Effective MTP implementation must balance the resources of the hospital with the needs of the patient population that they serve, as well as avoid instances of unjustified activations. Toward this goal, we implemented a set of policy improvements to our institution’s MTP aimed at ensuring appropriate clinical activation.

Materials and Methods
Following interdisciplinary discussions with clinical teams, we revamped our institution’s MTP in the spring of 2019, focusing on the improved training of junior clinicians by requiring final approval of all MTP activations by attendings and fellows, and providing opportunities to review MTP execution during quarterly meetings. Other changes included implementing blood warmers and streamlining the MTP ordering process. We then performed a retrospective study to evaluate the effects of our refurbished MTP on the frequency, characteristics, and outcomes of massive transfusions activated at the Washington DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center between March 2018 to February 2019 and March 2019 to February 2020 (before and after the policy change, respectively). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data. Fisher exact test, Wilcoxon test, and Poisson test were used to compare differences in categorical variables, continuous variables, and the rate of MTP activation, before and after policy changes were implemented, respectively. This study is exempt from the Institutional Review Board’s review.

Results
We did not detect statistically significant changes in patient and MTP-related parameters, nor survival outcomes following policy improvement. However, we observed a decreasing trend in MTP activations, and concomitantly, a significant increase in the number of days between MTP activations, from 12.5 days (median) in the first year to 41 days (median) in the second year (P = 0.0274).

Conclusions
In summary, we developed an MTP tailored to the needs of our Veterans Affairs Medical Center, providing a reliable system for blood product administration to patients with real massive transfusion requirements while reducing unjustified MTP activations. We credit the reduction in MTP activations mainly to improved education and training of clinicians, which, in turn, changed their ordering behaviors. Fewer unjustified MTP activations decrease the potential for wastage of resources such as blood and blood components and preserves work hours of staff for patients with true transfusion needs. We believe our strategy may have a widespread and compounding effect on improving blood stewardship nationwide, given our trainees’ propensity to work at medical centers across the country and educate future trainees of their own.