bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thioflavin T In-gel Stain to Study Protein Misfolding in Frozen Tissue Specimens
Authors: Oldam Joseph , Tchernyshyov Irina , Van Eyk Jennifer E. , Troncoso Juan , Glabe Charles G. , Agnetti Giulio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere are limited options to quantify and characterize amyloid species from biological samples in a simple fashion. Thioflavin T (ThT) has now been used for decades to stain amyloid fibrils but to our knowledge we were the first to use it in-gel. Thioflavin T in-gel stain is convenient as it is fast, inexpensive, available to most labs, compatible with other fluorescent stains and downstream analyses such as mass spectrometry (MS).
Can BioSAXS Detect Ultrastructural Changes Of Antifungal Compounds InCandida Albicans? – An Exploratory Study
Authors: Hilpert Kai , Rumancev Christoph , Gani Jurnorain , Collis Dominic W. P. , Lopez-Perez Paula Matilde , Garamus Vasil M. , Mikut Ralf , Rosenhahn Axel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe opportunistic yeastCandida albicansis the most common cause of candidiasis. With only four classes of antifungal drugs on the market, resistance is becoming a problem in the treatment of fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. The development of novel antifungal drugs with different modes of action is urgent. In 2016, we developed a groundbreaking new medium-throughput method to distinguish the effects of antibacterial agents. Using small-angle X-ray scattering for biological samples (BioSAXS), it is now possible to screen hundreds of new antibacterial compounds and select those with the highest probability for a novel mode of action. However, yeast (eukaryotic) cells are highly structured compared to bacteria and the action of an antifungal drug might leave most structures unchanged. In the pioneering work described here, we explored the possibility if BioSAXS can be used to measure the ultrastructural changes ofCandida albicansdirectly or indirectly induced by antifungal compounds. For this exploratory study, we used the well-characterized antifungal drug flucytosine. BioSAXS measurements were performed on the synchrotron P12 BioSAXS beamline, EMBL (DESY, Hamburg) on treated and untreated yeastC. albicans. BioSAXS curves were analysed using principal component analysis (PCA). The PCA showed that flucytosine-treated and untreated yeast were separated. Based on that success further measurements were performed on five antifungal peptides (1. Cecropin A-melittin hybrid [CA(1-7)M(2-9)], KWKLFKKIGAVLKVL; 2. Lasioglossin LL-III, VNWKKILGKIIKVVK; 3. Mastoparan M, INLKAIAALAKKLL; 4. Bmkn2, FIGAIARLLSKIFGKR; and 5. optP7, KRRVRWIIW). The ultrastructural changes ofC. albicansindicate that the peptides may have different modes of action compared to Flucytosine as well as to each other, except for the Cecropin A-melittin hybrid [CA(1-7)M(2-9)] and optP7, showing very similar effects onCandida albicans. This very first study demonstrates that BioSAXS shows great promise to be used for antifungal drug development. The use of such a tool like BioSAXS could accelerate and de-risk antifungal drug development, however, further experiments are necessary to establish this application.
Regeneration from three cellular sources and ectopic mini-retina formation upon neurotoxic retinal degeneration inXenopus
Authors: Karine Parain , Chesneau Albert , Locker Morgane , Borday Caroline , Muriel Perron 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRegenerative abilities are not evenly distributed across the animal kingdom. Interestingly, the underlying modalities are also highly variable, even among closely related species. In fish or amphibians, retinal repair can involve the mobilization of different cellular sources, including stem cells of the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ), retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells, or Müller glia. The mechanisms that trigger the recruitment of one cell type over another remain elusive. To investigate whether the magnitude of retinal damage might influence the regeneration modality of theXenopusretina, we developed a model based on cobalt chloride (CoCl2) intraocular injection, allowing for a dose-dependent control of cell death extent. Analyses inXenopus laevisrevealed that limited CoCl2-mediated neurotoxicity only triggers cone cell loss and results in a few Müller glia cells reentering the cell cycle, without affecting CMZ cell activity or recruiting RPE cells. Conversely, we found that severe CoCl2-induced retinal degeneration not only potentializes the proliferative response of Müller cells, but also enhances CMZ cell proliferation and, unexpectedly triggers an RPE reprogramming event. Although Müller glia could not regenerate cones under these conditions, both CMZ and RPE-derived proliferative cells could. Strikingly, RPE reprogrammed cells self-organized into an ectopic layered mini retina-like structure laid on top of the original retina. It is thus likely that the injury paradigm determines the awakening of different stem-like cell populations exhibiting distinct neurogenic capacities. Besides, we surprisingly found thatXenopus tropicalisalso has the ability to recruit Müller cells and reprogram its RPE following CoCl2-induced damage, whereas only CMZ cell proliferation was reported in previously examined degenerative models. Altogether, these findings highlight the critical role of the injury paradigm and reveal that three cellular sources can be reactivated in the very same degenerative model.
The diminished ovarian reserve with chronic stress induced by tripterygium with chronic unpredictable mild stress in SD rats
Authors: Li Yanhua , Wang Wei , Liu Jun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo establish a rat model of DOR combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and to explore the effect of chronic adverse psychological stress on ovarian reserve dysfunction, so as to provide experimental basis for further research.MethodsThe rats were randomly divided into control group, CUMS group, DOR group and DOR +CUMS group, with 10 rats in each group,given fed normally, chronic mild unpredictable stress, Tripterygium glycoside tablets and Tripterygium glycoside tablets with CUMS intervention in proper order for 21 days. We observed the body mass, estrous cycle, behavioral testing, the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of ovarian tissue,the serum levels (E2, FSH, 5-HT and GnRH)and Apoptotic granulosa cells of ovarian tissue.ResultsAfter an 21-days exposure, in DOR group or DOR+CUMS group the serum levels of E2 was reduced and the FSH was raised. In DOR group, the estrous cycle was disordered, the ovary was slightly atrophied and the ovarian tissue structure was not clear, the number of follicles and the content of follicular fluid were small, the cell layers was reduced, and inflammatory cell infiltration was visible, the change was more obvious in DOR+CUMS group. In CUMS group and DOR+CUMS group, the OFT, SPT and 5-HT were lower and the GnRH was higher than in control group. About the TUNEL, the AI in the DOR group, the CUMS group and DOR+CUMS group were higher.ConclusionsOur outcomes state that we could established an rat model of psychological stress-induced DOR successfully which can be used for further study.
The chicken chorioallantoic membrane model for isolation of CRISPR/cas9-based HSV-1 mutant expressing tumor suppressor p53
Authors: Kelishadi Mishar , Shahsavarani Hosein , Tabarraei Alijan , Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali , Teimoori-Toolabi Ladan , Azadmanesh Kayhan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOncolytic viruses (OVs) have emerged as a novel cancer treatment modality, which selectively target and kill cancer cells while sparing normal ones. Among them, engineered Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 has been proposed to be employed as a potential treatment of cancer and was moved to phase III clinical trials. In this study, to improve oncoselectivity and oncotoxicity properties, the UL39 gene of the ICP34.5 deleted HSV-1 was manipulated with the insertion of the EGFP-p53 expression cassette utilizing CRISPR/ Cas9-mediated editing genome. The ΔUL39/Δγ34.5/HSV1-p53 mutant was isolated using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of fertilized chicken eggs as a complementing membrane to support the growth of the viruses with gene deficiencies. Phenotypic characterization of ΔUL39/Δγ34.5/HSV1-p53-infected cells was compared with the parent Δγ34.5/HSV-1 in vitro. Our results indicate that the CAM model can be a promising strategy for isolating recombinant virus such as HSV-1-P53 that is unable to replicate in cell lines due to the death induced by exogenous p53 during virus replication.
Beyond rhythm – A framework for understanding the frequency spectrum of neural activity
Authors: Perrenoud Quentin , Cardin Jessica A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCognitive and behavioral processes are often accompanied by changes within well-defined frequency bands of the local field potential (LFP i.e., the voltage induced by neuronal activity). These changes are detectable in the frequency domain using the Fourier transform and are often interpreted as neuronal oscillations. However, aside some well-known exceptions, the processes underlying such changes are difficult to track in time, making their oscillatory nature hard to verify. In addition, many non-periodic neural processes can also have spectra that emphasize specific frequencies. Thus, the notion that spectral changes reflect oscillations is likely too restrictive. In this study, we propose a simple yet versatile framework to understand the frequency spectra of neural recordings. Using simulations, we derive the Fourier spectra of periodic, quasi-periodic and non-periodic neural processes having diverse waveforms, illustrating how these attributes shape their spectral signatures. We then show how neural processes sum their energy in the local field potential in simulated and real-world recording scenarios. We find that the spectral power of neural processes is essentially determined by two aspects: 1) the distribution of neural events in time and 2) the waveform of the voltage induced by single neural events. Taken together, this work guides the interpretation of the Fourier spectrum of neural recordings and indicates that power increases in specific frequency bands do not necessarily reflect periodic neural activity.
Benchmarking Gene Regulatory Network Inference Methods on Simulated and Experimental Data
Authors: Saint-Antoine Michael , Singh Abhyudai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough the challenge of gene regulatory network inference has been studied for more than a decade, it is still unclear how well network inference methods work when applied to real data. Attempts to benchmark these methods on experimental data have yielded mixed results, in which sometimes even the best methods fail to outperform random guessing, and in other cases they perform reasonably well. So, one of the most valuable contributions one can currently make to the field of network inference is to benchmark methods on experimental data for which the true underlying network is already known, and report the results so that we can get a clearer picture of their efficacy. In this paper, we report results from the first, to our knowledge, benchmarking of network inference methods on single cellE. colitranscriptomic data. We report a moderate level of accuracy for the methods, better than random chance but still far from perfect. We also find that some methods that were quite strong and accurate on microarray and bulk RNA-seq data did not perform as well on the single cell data. Additionally, we benchmark a simple network inference method (Pearson correlation), on data generated through computer simulations in order to draw conclusions about general best practices in network inference studies. We predict that network inference would be more accurate using proteomic data rather than transcriptomic data, which could become relevant if highthroughput proteomic experimental methods are developed in the future. We also show through simulations that using a simplified model of gene expression that skips the mRNA step tends to substantially overestimate the accuracy of network inference methods, and advise against using this model for futurein silicobenchmarking studies.
Dissecting genetic correlation and pleiotropy through a genetic cross
Authors: Cai Haoran , Geiler-Samerotte Kerry , Des Marais David L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGenetic correlation represents an important class of evolutionary constraint, which is itself evolvable. Empirical studies have found mixed results on whether genetic correlations change rapidly or slowly. This uncertainty challenges our ability to predict the outcome of selection. Despite the tremendous diversity and complexity of life forms, there are certain forms of life that are never observed. This might be because of developmental biases that restrict how organisms can evolve, or because they have low fitness in any environment yet available on Earth. Given that both developmental bias and selection can generate similar phenotypes, it is difficult to distinguish between the two causes of evolutionary stasis among related taxa. For example, remarkably invariant traits are observed spanning million years, such as wing shape inDrosophilawherein qualitative differences are rare within genera. Here, we ask whether the absence of certain combinations of traits, as indicated by genetic correlation, reflects developmental bias. However, much confusion and controversy remain over definitions of developmental bias, and probing it is challenging. We thus present a novel approach aiming to dissect genetic correlations and estimate the relative contribution of developmental bias in maintaining genetic correlations. We do so by leveraging a common but under-utilized type of data: genetic crosses. Through empirical analyses, we find that our approach can distinguish whether genetically correlated traits are developmentally constrained to covary. We also find that our developmental bias metric is an indicator of genetic correlation stability across conditions. Our framework presents a feasible way to dissect the mechanisms underlying genetic correlation and pleiotropy.
A developmental gradient reveals biosynthetic pathways to eukaryotic toxins in monocot geophytes
Authors: Mehta Niraj , Meng Yifan , Zare Richard , Kamenetsky-Goldstein Rina , Sattely Elizabeth 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNumerous eukaryotic toxins that accumulate in geophytic plants are valuable in the clinic, yet their biosynthetic pathways have remained elusive. A lead example is the >150 Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AmAs) including galantamine, an FDA-approved treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. We show that while AmAs accumulate to high levels in many tissues in daffodils, biosynthesis is localized to nascent, growing tissue at the base of leaves. A similar trend is found for the production of steroidal alkaloids (e.g. cyclopamine) in corn lily. This model of active biosynthesis enabled elucidation of a complete set of biosynthetic genes for the production of AmAs. Taken together, our work sheds light on the developmental and enzymatic logic of diverse alkaloid biosynthesis in daffodil. More broadly, it suggests a paradigm for biosynthesis regulation in monocot geophytes where plants are protected from herbivory through active charging of newly formed cells with eukaryotic toxins that persist as aboveground tissue develops.
High temperature corrosion behaviour of ZrO2 reinforced Cr2O3 composite coatings in molten salt environment
Authors: Goyal Khushdeep , Singh Davinder , Singh Harvinder , Singh Charanjit 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the high temperature corrosion behaviour of ZrO2-reinforced Cr2O3 matrix-based composite coatings on ASTM-SA213-T-22 steel at 900°C in molten salt environment. The different coatings were deposited by high velocity oxy fuel (HVOF) method.

Design/methodology/approach
Hot corrosion studies were conducted in simulated boiler environment in silicon carbide tube furnace at 900°C for 50 cycles on bare and HVOF-coated boiler steel specimens. Each cycle consisted 50 h of heating in the simulated boiler environment followed by 20 min of cooling in air. The weight change measurements were performed after each cycle to establish the kinetics of corrosion using thermogravimetric technique. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to analyse the corroded specimens.

Findings
The addition of 20 Wt.% ZrO2 in Cr2O3 helped reduce corrosion rate by 89.25% as compared to that of uncoated specimen. The phase analysis revealed the presence of Cr2O3 and ZrO2 phases in composite coating matrix, which may have prevented the base metal from interacting with the corrosive elements present in the highly aggressive environment and thus had increased the resistance to hot corrosion.

Originality/value
It should be mentioned here that high temperature corrosion behaviour of thermally sprayed ZrO2–Cr2O3 composite coatings has never been studied, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is not available in the literature. Hence, present investigation can provide valuable information for application of ZrO2-reinforced coatings in high temperature fuel combustion environments.
Intellectual capital and performance: evidence from SMEs in Vietnam
Authors: Kim Seh Young , Tran Dai Binh 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis paper investigated the relationship between intellectual capital (IC)/its components, and the business performance of Vietnamese small and medium enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachThe panel data set was obtained from the Vietnam SME database. Using the value-added intellectual coefficient (VAIC) approach for IC measurement, this paper employs various panel data estimation approaches, including fixed effects (FE) and the generalized method of moments (GMM), to examine the relationship between IC and the financial performance of SMEs in Vietnam.FindingsThe result suggests that the value creation activities of SMEs in Vietnam mainly occur on the basis of physical and financial capital. In other words, the findings indicate that Vietnamese SMEs mainly depend on physical and financial capital to profit: they have not fully utilized their human capital and structural capital, two main components of IC for value creation.Practical implicationsThe results underline the urgency of effective management of tangible and IC to boost the utilization of human and structural capital to increase the profitability of Vietnamese SMEs. The results lead to suggesting a series of policy recommendations to achieve the objective.Originality/valueThis paper is the first to examine the relationship between IC and the financial performance of SMEs in Vietnam, contributing to the literature on IC in emerging countries.
The interplay of abusive supervision and coworker incivility on the turnover intention of frontliners: a mediation effect of work stress
Authors: Rahman Md Mostafizur 
Published: May 2023

PurposeDrawing on the conservation of resources theory, the present study aims to design and explore the influence of abusive supervision and coworker incivility on turnover intention among frontline employees (FLEs). Besides the mediating effects of work stress between abusive supervision and turnover intention, coworker incivility and turnover intention also be explored.Design/methodology/approachData from 311 FLEs are collected by a self-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model.FindingsThe empirical results established that abusive supervision and coworker incivility significantly predicts work stress and work stress significantly predicts turnover intention. Abusive supervision significantly predicts a positive relationship with turnover intention, whereas coworker incivility with turnover intention is vis-à-vis. Besides, abusive supervision and coworker incivility significantly predict turnover intention via work stress. The study further illustrated the control variables, e.g. education, experience, and proactive personality of FLEs.Research limitations/implicationsThe study finds abusive supervision and coworker incivility as stressors in the emerging economy for FLEs. However, coworker incivility on turnover intention cannot predict as expected because the roles of the supervisor and coworker are different in this context.Practical implicationsThe continuous support of supervisors and coworkers can reduce the stress and consequences of reducing the intention of turnover of FLEs. The concerns can enhance their support by using respect and credit for work, maintaining privacy, providing proper feedback, being sensible to the performance, and entitlement to any achievement. They also suggest ensuring a work environment of privacy, fair treatment, importance to suggestions, and ascertaining punishment for any colleague's mistreatment.Social implicationsThe frontliners always contribute a large pie of output for any organization. Supervisors and coworkers impact the day-to-day life of FLEs.Originality/valueAs a study on FLEs in the context of evolving economy, the investigation fulfills the inconsistencies of the previous result with the mediating role of work stress with a strong theoretical base.
Employee green behavior in hotels: the role of green human resource management, green transformational leadership and value congruence
Authors: Agrawal Swati , Pradhan Sajeet 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the effects of green human resource management (GHRM) and green transformational leadership (GTL) on employees’ green work behavior. This study also tests the mediating role of environmental value congruence (EVC) on the relationship of GHRM and GTL with employees’ green work behavior.

Design/methodology/approach
Responses were collected from 480 employees working in various Indian hotels using a two-wave survey design. The data was analyzed using Smart PLS 4.

Findings
The findings report significant indirect associations between GHRM and GTL on the one hand and in-role green behavior and extra-role green behavior on the other through EVC.

Practical implications
This paper highlights leaders’ focus on creating environmentally focused HR practices in hotels. As employees are the face for customers, particularly in the hotel industry, green behavior creates a green image of the organization in consumers’ minds, which may result in long-term sustainable competitive advantage.

Originality/value
This study makes two significant contributions; one, it explores the effect of GTL and GHRM on hotel employees’ green behaviors and second, it also tests the mediating role of EVC in explaining the relationship between the focal constructs in the Indian Hotel industry which has not been studied before.