bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Involvement of MMP‐9 in collagen degradation of sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus): Cloning, expression, and characterization
Authors: Yang Ru‐Qing , Chen Yu‐Lei , Sun Le‐Chang , Ou Wei , Liu Hai‐Yan , Zhang Ling‐Jing , Liu Guang‐Ming , Zhao Guanghua , Cao Min‐Jie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDisintegration of intramuscular connective tissue is responsible for postmortem tenderization of fish muscles during chilled storage. Matrix metalloproteinase‐9 (MMP‐9) was reported to be involved in this process, whereas the mechanism has not been revealed. In the present study, purified type I and V collagens from the connective tissues of sea bass (Lateolabrax japonicus) muscles were first prepared. These two kinds of collagens comprise three polypeptide chains (α), forming a typical triple‐helical domain as determined by circular dichroism. The complete coding region of MMP‐9 containing an open reading frame of 2070 bp encoding 689 amino acid residues was then cloned. The recombinant MMP‐9 catalytic domain (rcMMP‐9) was expressed in Escherichia coli and exhibited high hydrolyzing activity toward gelatin. Besides, rcMMP‐9 was effective in degrading type V collagen rather than type I collagen at 4°C. The enzymatic activity of rcMMP‐9 was highly pH‐dependent, and its enzymatic activity under neutral and basic conditions was higher than that under acidic conditions. Metal ion Ca2+ was necessary for the maintenance of rcMMP‐9 activity, whereas Zn2+ inhibited its activity. Our present study indicated that MMP‐9 is responsible for the disintegration of intramuscular connective tissues by cleaving type V collagen during postmortem tenderization of fish muscle.Practical ApplicationElucidation the involvement of MMP‐9 in collagen degradation will deliver a reference for the prevention of muscular protein decomposition during chilled storage of fish fillets.
Near‐term forecasts of stream temperature using deep learning and data assimilation in support of management decisions
Authors: Zwart Jacob A. , Oliver Samantha K. , Watkins William David , Sadler Jeffrey M. , Appling Alison P. , Corson‐Dosch Hayley R. , Jia Xiaowei , Kumar Vipin , Read Jordan S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDeep learning (DL) models are increasingly used to make accurate hindcasts of management‐relevant variables, but they are less commonly used in forecasting applications. Data assimilation (DA) can be used for forecasts to leverage real‐time observations, where the difference between model predictions and observations today is used to adjust the model to make better predictions tomorrow. In this use case, we developed a process‐guided DL and DA approach to make 7‐day probabilistic forecasts of daily maximum water temperature in the Delaware River Basin in support of water management decisions. Our modeling system produced forecasts of daily maximum water temperature with an average root mean squared error (RMSE) from 1.1 to 1.4°C for 1‐day‐ahead and 1.4 to 1.9°C for 7‐day‐ahead forecasts across all sites. The DA algorithm marginally improved forecast performance when compared with forecasts produced using the process‐guided DL model alone (0%–14% lower RMSE with the DA algorithm). Across all sites and lead times, 65%–82% of observations were within 90% forecast confidence intervals, which allowed managers to anticipate probability of exceedances of ecologically relevant thresholds and aid in decisions about releasing reservoir water downstream. The flexibility of DL models shows promise for forecasting other important environmental variables and aid in decision‐making.
A lidar‐based assessment of riparian shade and large wood potential in the Skagit River watershed, WA
Authors: Hyatt Tim 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWild salmon stocks in the Pacific Northwest are imperiled by a variety of declining habitat factors, including riparian shade and in‐channel large wood. In this paper, a relatively simple lidar model of the riparian canopy was used along anadromous streams in the Skagit River watershed in western Washington State, United States, to delineate where riparian trees were most lacking, and where restoration efforts would have the greatest benefit in terms of shade and large wood recruitment potential. Within a 45‐m riparian buffer, 61% of riparian zones were currently incapable of delivering large wood to the stream. Current potential for large wood recruitment is greatest adjacent to stream edges and falls off rapidly with distance from the channel. Approximately 99% of large wood recruitment potential lies within 45 m of the channel edge, and 50% of the wood potential is within 9 m. A hypothetical canopy model in which all trees mature to a 100‐year height would provide 18% more shade distributed over the entire watershed, and 90% more shade in the tributaries. Most of the potential gains in improved shade and large wood contributions are in agricultural areas, as opposed to forestry or urban land uses. The shade and large wood models were constructed from widely available geographic information system tools and are readily transferable to other watersheds with similar characteristics. Model outputs are intended for use in planning restoration projects, as an input to stream temperature models, and to inform policy on restoration priorities and regulatory buffer widths.
An 8‐year, single‐centre experience of primary image‐guided insertion of ‘button’ gastrostomy catheters: Technical and clinical results
Authors: Sheehan Mark , O'Brien Cormac , Killick Desmond , Briody Hayley , Reid Conor , Keeling Aoife , Given Mark , McGrath Andrew , Lee Michael J 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroduction‘Button’ gastrostomy insertion is traditionally a two‐step procedure with an initial longer gastrostomy tube inserted followed by placement of the shorter ‘button’ gastrostomy in 6 weeks when the track is mature. The aim of this study is to assess whether the placement of a Button gastrostomy de novo is a safe and effective method of radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG) insertion.MethodsUsing our Picture Archive and Communication System (PACS) and electronic patient charts we identified all patients who underwent primary ‘button’ gastrostomy over an 8‐year period with at least a 1‐year follow‐up period. We evaluated technical success rate, indications for insertion, major and minor complications, 30‐day mortality and the number of exchanges performed.ResultsOverall, 482 patients underwent a primary button RIG insertion during this period with an overall success rate of 97.1%. Indications for RIG insertion included neurological and neurosurgical disorders 236 (48.9%), head and neck malignancy 182 (37.8%), oesophageal malignancy 27 (5.6%) and other indications in 37 (7.7%). The mean age was 59.55 years (range 18–88 years) with 290 men (60.2%) and 192 women (39.8%). Major complications were recorded in 0.8% and minor complications in 1.7%. A 30‐day mortality of 1% was identified (five patients), mortality was directly related to the RIG insertion in one patient (0.2%). A total of 65 exchanges/replacements took place over this period of time, with 33 (50.1%) due to ‘inadvertent removal’.ConclusionPrimary button RIG insertion is a procedure that has a high success rate and low morbidity and mortality. We believe it is a safe and effective alternative to deliver enteral nutrition.
Subjective sleep assessment compared to polysomnography in mechanically ventilated critically ill ICU patients
Authors: Oxlund Jakob , Knudsen Torben , Leonthin Helle , Toft Palle , Jennum Poul Jørgen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSleep deprivation is expected in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with delirium and increased mortality. Polysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for sleep assessment, but practical issues limit the method. Hence, many ICUs worldwide use subjective sleep assessment (SSA) for sleep monitoring, but the agreement between SSA and PSG is unknown. The hypothesis was that the level of agreement between SSA and PSG was low and that total sleep time (TST) assessed with SSA would be overestimated compared to PSG in this existing cohort database. In this sub‐analysis, 30 consecutive study participants underwent 15‐h PSG recordings during two consecutive nights. The attending nurse performed an hourly subjective observer rating of sleep quantity during both nights, and the agreement between SSA and PSG was determined along with mean TST. Primary outcome: The level of agreement between SSA and PSG determined by Bland–Altman analysis. Secondary outcome: (1) The overall mean TST estimated by SSA compared to PSG in all study participants enrolled in the main study during both study nights, (2) TST for all study participants evaluated hourly during both study nights, (3) TST assessed with SSA compared to PSG in study participants sedated with dexmedetomidine during the second night and for study participants treated with placebo or non‐sedation the first and second nights. The level of agreement between SSA and PSG was low. Mean TST estimated by SSA during the time interval 4.00 p.m. to 7.00 a.m. was 481 min (428;534, 95% CI) vs. PSG at 437 min (386;488, 95% CI) (p = .05). When sedated with dexmedetomidine, TST estimated using SSA was 650 min (571;729, 95% CI) versus PSG which was 588 min (531;645, 95% CI) (p = 0.56). For participants treated with placebo or non‐sedation TST estimated with SSA was 397 min (343;450, 95% CI) versus PSG at 362 min (302;422, 95% CI) versus (p = 0.17). In mechanically ventilated critically ill ICU patients, the level of agreement between SSA and PSG was low, and there was a significant overestimation of mean TST. SSA should only be used under awareness that it is imprecise and overestimates TST.
Insecure infrastructures: The affects and effects of violence in Mexico's food system
Authors: Bakić Hayden Tiana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article puts into dialogue anthropological discussions on violence, infrastructures, food systems, and affect to argue for the importance of understanding the role of affective responses in shaping not only subjectivities or experiences of individuals but also the networks, infrastructures, and institutions in which they participate. Set in contemporary Mexico, where concern about criminal violence has become increasingly widespread, the article analyzes ethnographically how different actors in Mexico City's wholesale food market narrate and respond to contexts of violence. It argues that a cluster of affects born out of a sense of insecurity—fear, uncertainty, distrust—come to shape people's everyday (im)mobilities and that these shifting mobilities and arrangements are in fact constitutive of Mexico City's food system. Attention to the affective dimensions of infrastructure entails humanizing the study of material circulation, placing sensations, perceptions, and experiences front and center. This can help to illuminate how infrastructures that appear to be stable and continuous in fact experience internal transformations and rearrangements in new political, economic, and social contexts.
Minimum cost‐compression risk in principal component analysis
Authors: Chattopadhyay Bhargab , Banerjee Swarnali 
Published: December 2022

SummaryPrincipal Component Analysis (PCA) is a popular multivariate analytic tool which can be used for dimension reduction without losing much information. Data vectors containing a large number of features arriving sequentially may be correlated with each other. An effective algorithm for such situations is online PCA. Existing Online PCA research works revolve around proposing efficient scalable updating algorithms focusing on compression loss only. They do not take into account the size of the dataset at which further arrival of data vectors can be terminated and dimension reduction can be applied. It is well known that the dataset size contributes to reducing the compression loss – the smaller the dataset size, the larger the compression loss while larger the dataset size, the lesser the compression loss. However, the reduction in compression loss by increasing dataset size will increase the total data collection cost. In this paper, we move beyond the scalability and updation problems related to Online PCA and focus on optimising a cost‐compression loss which considers the compression loss and data collection cost. We minimise the corresponding risk using a two‐stage PCA algorithm. The resulting two‐stage algorithm is a fast and an efficient alternative to Online PCA and is shown to exhibit attractive convergence properties with no assumption on specific data distributions. Experimental studies demonstrate similar results and further illustrations are provided using real data. As an extension, a multi‐stage PCA algorithm is discussed as well. Given the time complexity, the two‐stage PCA algorithm is emphasised over the multi‐stage PCA algorithm for online data.
Passionate to be a social entrepreneur in Saudi Arabia: A moderated mediation analysis of social entrepreneurial intention
Authors: Aloulou Wassim J. , Algarni Eidah A. , Ramadani Veland , Hughes Mathew (Mat) 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aims to unravel the determinants of social entrepreneurial intention (SEI). Using a moderated mediation approach, we examine the direct and indirect effects of prior experience with social problems, proactive personality, and social self‐efficacy on SEI via social entrepreneurial passion for founding (SEP) as a mediator. This study is based on data collected from a survey using questionnaires completed by 283 Saudis. To analyze data and test the developed hypotheses, we used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses followed by structural equation modeling to test the direct and indirect effects of the main variables on SEI. Our findings reveal positive relationships between prior experience with social problems and proactive personality and SEP with SEI. Surprisingly, no significant relationship was found between social self‐efficacy and SEI; its effect was indirect through SEP. Finally, gender moderated the relationship between SEP and SEI. Academic contributions and practical implications are then proposed.
A qualitative exploration of parenting representations amongst mothers with young children on the edge of care
Authors: Lenain Catherine , Lever Taylor Billie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMothers who are at risk of losing custody of their children represent a vulnerable population whose voices are seldom heard. Exploring their perspectives of parenting, their child and the relationship with their child—their ‘parenting representations’—can improve our understanding of their struggles and inform interventions. Research in this area so far has been predominantly quantitative, meaning valuable information about subjective experiences is often lost. The present study sought to address this gap by thematically analysing interviews with eight mothers with under‐3‐year‐olds on the edge of Local Authority care, completed at the beginning of a therapeutic intervention. Results are reported around five themes: ‘Idealistic portrayal of the child and the relationship’, ‘Struggling as a parent’, ‘Shadows of the past’, ‘The child and motherhood as comfort’ and ‘Anxiety about loss and fighting for the child’. The parenting struggles of mothers in this population are complex and multi‐faceted, fuelled by unresolved relational trauma, fears of further pain, adversity and difficulties in accessing and trusting support. Successful interventions are likely to require comprehensive, long‐term approaches that holistically address mothers' unmet physical and emotional needs and begin with building relational trust.
Expanding the spectrum of EEF1D neurodevelopmental disorders: Biallelic variants in the guanine exchange domain
Authors: Averdunk Luisa , Al‐Thihli Khalid , Surowy Harald , Lüdecke Hermann‐Josef , Drechsler Matthias , Yigit Gökhan , Smorag Lukasz , Al Hallak Bassam , Li Yun , Altmüller Janine , Guthoff Tanja , Wallot Michael , Nürnberg Peter , Wollnik Bernd , Jamra Rami Abou , Al‐Maawali Almundher , Wieczorek Dagmar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractProtein translation is an essential cellular process and dysfunctional protein translation causes various neurodevelopmental disorders. The eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) delivers aminoacyl‐tRNA to the ribosome, while the eEF1B complex acts as a guanine exchange factor (GEF) of GTP for GDP indirectly catalyzing the release of eEF1A from the ribosome. The gene EEF1D encodes the eEF1Bδ subunit of the eEF1B complex. EEF1D is alternatively spliced giving rise to one long and three short isoforms. Two different homozygous, truncating variants in EEF1D had been associated with severe intellectual disability and microcephaly in two families. The published variants only affect the long isoform of EEF1D that acts as a transcription factor of heat shock element proteins. By exome sequencing, we identified two different homozygous variants in EEF1D in two families with severe developmental delay, severe microcephaly, spasticity, and failure to thrive with optic atrophy, poor feeding, and recurrent aspiration pneumonia. The EEF1D variants reported in this study are localized in the C‐terminal GEF domain, suggesting that a disturbed protein translation machinery might contribute to the neurodevelopmental phenotype. Pathogenic variants localized in both the alternatively spliced domain or the GEF domain of EEF1D cause a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly and spasticity.
Three KINSSHIP syndrome patients with mosaic and germline AFF3 variants
Authors: Inoue Yuta , Tsuchida Naomi , Okamoto Nobuhiko , Shuichi Shimakawa , Ohashi Kei , Saitoh Shinji , Ogawa Atsushi , Hamada Keisuke , Sakamoto Masamune , Miyake Noriko , Hamanaka Kohei , Fujita Atsushi , Koshimizu Eriko , Miyatake Satoko , Mizuguchi Takeshi , Ogata Kazuhiro , Uchiyama Yuri , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAFF3 at 2q11.2 encodes the nuclear transcriptional activator AF4/FMR2 Family Member 3. AFF3 constitutes super elongation complex like 3, which plays a role in promoting the expression of genes involved in neurogenesis and development. The degron motif in AFF3 with nine highly conserved amino acids is recognized by E3 ubiquitin ligase to induce protein degradation. Recently, AFF3 missense variants in this region and variants featuring deletion including this region were identified and shown to cause KINSSHIP syndrome. In this study, we identified two novel and one previously reported missense variants in the degron of AFF3 in three unrelated Japanese patients. Notably, two of these three variants exhibited mosaicism in the examined tissues. This study suggests that mosaic variants also cause KINSSHIP syndrome, showing various phenotypes.
Alpha‐Asarone modulates kynurenine disposal in muscle and mediates resilience to stress‐induced depression via PGC‐1α induction
Authors: Yan Lu , Liu Chu‐han , Xu Li , Qian Yi‐yun , Song Ping‐ping , Wei Min , Liu Bao‐lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionKynurenine (KYN) accumulation in periphery induces brain injury, responsible for depression. α‐Asarone is a simple phenylpropanoids that exerts beneficial effects on central nervous system. However, the effect of α‐asarone on periphery is unexplored.AimsHere, we investigated its protective role against depression from the aspect of KYN metabolism in skeletal muscle.MethodsThe antidepressant effects of α‐asarone were evaluated in chronic mild stress (CMS) and muscle‐specific PGC‐1α‐deficient mice. The effects of KYN metabolism were determined in mice and C2C12 myoblasts.Resultsα‐Asarone exerted antidepressant effects in CMS and KYN‐challenged mice via modulating KYN metabolism. In myoblasts, α‐asarone regulated PGC‐1α induction via cAMP/CREB signaling and upregulated KYN aminotransferases (KATs) to increase KYN clearance in a manner dependent on PGC‐1α. KAT function is coupled with malate–aspartate shuttle (MAS), while α‐asarone combated oxidative stress to protect MAS and mitochondrial integrity by raising the NAD+/NADH ratio, ensuring effective KYN disposal. In support, the antidepressant effect of α‐asarone was diminished by muscle‐specific PGC‐1α deficient mice subjected to KYN challenge.ConclusionKATs coupled with MAS to clear KYN in muscle. α‐Asarone increased PGC‐1α induction and promoted KYN disposal in muscle, suggesting that protection of mitochondria is a way for pharmacological intervention to depression.
1050. SORBUS TORMINALIS: Rosaceae
Authors: Rich Tim C. G. , King Christabel , Brown Andrew P. , Fay Michael F. 
Published: December 2022

SummarySorbus torminalis (WILD SERVICE TREE) is described and illustrated. It is a species relatively isolated from its relatives, but its role as a parental taxon of hybridogenic species is noted. Notes on usage, cultivation and propagation are included.
A biallelic variant in POLR2C is associated with congenital hearing loss and male infertility: Case report
Authors: Bitarafan Fatemeh , Razmara Ehsan , Jafarinia Ehsan , Almadani Navid , Garshasbi Masoud 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDNA‐directed RNA polymerase II subunit 3 (RPB3) is the third largest subunit of RNA polymerase II and is encoded by the POLR2C (OMIM:180663). A large Iranian family with congenital hearing loss and infertility is described here with genetic and clinical characterizations of five male patients.MethodsAfter doing clinical examinations, the proband was subjected to karyotyping and GJB2/6 sequencing to rule out the most evident chromosomal and gene abnormalities for male infertility and hearing loss, respectively. A custom‐designed next‐generation sequencing panel was also used to detect mutations in deafness‐related genes. Finally, to reveal the underlying molecular cause(s) justifying hearing loss and male infertility, five male patients and 2 healthy male controls within the family were subjected to paired‐end whole‐exome sequencing (WES). Linkage analysis was also performed based on the data.ResultsAll male patients showed prelingual sensorineural hearing loss and also decreased sperm motility. Linkage analysis determined 16q21 as the most susceptible locus in which a missense variant in exon 7 of POLR2C—NM_032940.3:c.545T>C;p.(Val182Ala)—was identified as a ‘likely pathogenic’ variant co‐segregated with phenotypes.ConclusionsUsing segregation and in silico analyses, for the first time, we suggested that the NM_032940.3:c.545T>C; p.(Val182Ala) in POLR2C is associated with hearing loss and male infertility.