bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiences with regular testing of students for SARS-CoV-2 in primary and secondary schools: results from a cross-sectional study in two Norwegian counties, autumn 2021
Authors: Franconeri Lea , Stebbings Sara , Heradstveit Petter , Johansen Mia , Løken Ragnhild , MacDonald Emily , Ødeskaug Liz , Naseer Umaer 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: To allow for normal school attendance during the COVID-19 pandemic, regular testing of students was introduced in the autumn 2021 in Norway to manage COVID-19 transmission. We mapped the experiences of five stakeholders (parents, students, school staff and administration, contact tracing teams) regarding the implementation of regular testing in primary and secondary schools in Oslo and Viken counties, to assess the acceptability through different indicators and improve future guidelines.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between October and November 2021 to explore experiences of implementation, compliance, satisfaction, difficulties, concerns, confidence in regular testing, quality of teaching and school attendance. Five stakeholder groups were invited to participate: contact tracing teams; school administrators and employees in primary, lower secondary, and upper-secondary school; students in upper-secondary school and parents of primary and lower secondary students. Bivariate analyses were performed for students, parents, and school employees groups. Descriptive analyses were done for contact tracing teams and school administrators.
Results: 4 576 participants completed the survey. School attendance increased for most of the students in primary and lower secondary schools in Oslo and Viken after the implementation of regular testing. Students across all school levels reported high testing compliance and satisfaction with the implementation. Compliance was significantly associated with an increasing number of weekly tests across all school levels up to two weekly tests. Contact tracing teams were less satisfied with the cooperation with the educational authorities compared to the school employees. Higher educational level of parents was significantly associated with decreased concern of their children getting infected at school after regular testing implementation. Concerned parents were more likely to keep children at home from school, to protect all household members from becoming infected. Lack of time and communication were reported as challenging factors to implementation.
Conclusion: Compliance, satisfaction, and confidence in regular testing of COVID-19 were high among stakeholders. An acceptable testing regime for a future regular testing implementation would be a home-based, bi-weekly test. Increased awareness of the importance of school attendance, safety of regular testing along with good communication and role clarification should be prioritized for stakeholders involved in regular testing.
Assessing Male Partners’ Attitudes, Subjective Norms and Perceived Behavior Control towards Their Involvement in Maternal Health Services in Rural Settings, Tanzania: A Baseline Community-Based Analytical Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Moshi Fabiola V. , Moshi Fabiola 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Men are not only heads and decision makers in most families but, also the key determinant of health of the female partners and/or children. However, male involvement in the uptake of maternal services has been a public concern in national, regional and global levels respectively. The constructs of theory of planned behaviour bold that the right attitude, perceived subjective norms and perceived behavior control help to determine individual’s behaviour. The study on hand assessed male partners' attitudes, perceived subjective norms, and perceived behavior control towards their involvement in maternal services utilization.
Methods: A community-based analytical cross-sectional study in a quantitative research approach was adopted to study 546 randomly selected male partners from June to October 2017. An interviewer administered structured questionnaire developed by the principal investigator was the main data collection tool to quantify the variables under study. Given a statistical product for social sciences computer software program, participants’ social demographic characteristics profiles were analysed descriptively and regression analysis established the association the relationship between variables at a 95% confidence interval and a 5% significance level.
Results: Mean age was 31±7.726 with 71.8% of the male partners being married. Findings revealed that 41%, 43% and 43% of male partners had positive attitude, positive perceived subjective norms and positive perceived behavior control towards being involved in maternal services utilization for their female partners respectively. Mambwe ethnicity, having the intention to accompany a female partner, ever heard about birth preparedness and <1kilometer walking distance were the positive predictor of male involvement in maternal services utilization (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Male partners’ attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavior control perspectives on being involved in the uptake of maternal services was found to be negative. However, some participants’ socio-demographic characteristics profiles (Mambwe ethnicity, ever heard about birth preparedness, and living less than one kilometer from a nearby health facility) were associated with the outcome variables significantly. Intervention studies are recommended to come up with cost-effective strategies to improve male partners' involvement in maternal services utilization.
Between defects and inclusions: the fate of tellurium in pyrite
Authors: Börner Frederik , Keith Manuel , Fougerouse Denis , Macauley Chandra , Felfer Peter , Yokosawa Tadahiro , Zubiri Benjamin , Spiecker Erdmann 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Tellurium (Te) is a critical commodity, essential for renewable energies and high-tech applications. Most Te is currently recovered from copper smelters, but rising demand requires sourcing from alternative supplies. However, the mineralogy of Te-rich ores is poorly understood and hinders their economic potential. Here, we investigate the distribution of Te in pyrite from a high-grade Au-Ag-Te epithermal-type ore to inform metallurgical extraction methods, and secure future Te supply. We identified three distinct modes of Te incorporation in this pyrite, which challenge previous solubility models. (1) Te solid-solution, at concentrations (up to 285 ppma) that significantly exceed previous solubility limits. (2) Nano-telluride inclusions along cracks that formed by intra-grain remobilization. (3) Crystal defects, enriched in Te through pipe diffusion hosting up to 0.5 at.% Te. Our results therefore provide new fundamental insights into the chemical and structural coordination of Te in pyrite, which may guide future efforts for its direct recovery.
A New Framework to Spatial and Temporal Drought Analysis for 1990–2020 Period with Mann–Kendall and Innovative Trend Analysis Methods in Turkey
Authors: Ozocak Murat , Akay Anil Orhan , Esin Abdullah İlker , Yurtseven Huseyin , Akgul Mustafa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As a result of globally intensifying climate change effects, drought is becoming more prevalent and poses a threat to many areas, especially in water supply, agriculture, transportation, energy, and public health. Therefore, drought should be observed and analyzed regularly and effectively. A new approach has been put forward to make a temporal and spatial drought analysis based on provinces and regions in Turkey within the scope of the present study. In this context, 12-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) values ​​were calculated according to precipitation data from 1990–2020 in Turkey and processed spatially in the Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. After the areal sizes of the annual SPI data based on provinces were calculated, drought trends were revealed by applying both Mann–Kendall and innovative trend analysis tests on percentile areas. In the trend analysis of drought areas, five different drought classes were taken into account, and a separate trend analysis was performed for each drought class. Significance levels of 1%, 5%, and 10% were applied in both trend tests. Drought trends at the scale of provinces and regions were evaluated after province-based areal trend maps were produced. According to the results, a decreasing trend was observed in humid categories in the Black Sea and Mediterranean Regions' coastal areas and the provinces located in the inner parts of the Eastern Anatolia Region. An areal change was also detected from relatively more humid or drier classes to near-normal classes. This study's results will positively contribute to long-term drought evaluation and monitoring studies on national and regional scales.
“Focal liver lesions in a child with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome: An unusual finding ”.
Authors: Sherwani Poonam , Singhal Shailvi , sharma Vishakha , Verma Prashant Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES) is characterized by the triad of peripheral blood eosinophilia (>1500 cells/μl) for more than 6 months, without any other discernible cause of eosinophilia in association with signs and symptoms of organ infiltration related to eosinophili. IHES is usually seen in the middle age group of 20-50 years and is uncommon in the pediatric population. Various organ systems can be involved and about 30% of patients have hepatic involvement which can manifest as chronic active hepatitis, eosinophilic cholangitis, focal hepatic lesions, or Budd Chiari syndrome. Hepatic involvement is infrequent in IHES, which can manifest as either hepatitis, focal parenchymal lesions, or Budd Chiari syndromeFocal lesions in the liver are often misinterpreted as infective lesions,however, correlation with chest findings can help in making the diagnosis
Case presentation
Herein, we report a case of a 12-year-old male child with IHES who had multisystem involvement (hepatic, pulmonary, and cardiac). The child showed symptomatic, biochemical as well as radiological improvement with steroid therapy on follow-up.
Conclusion
Focal liver lesions mimic infective or benign lesions. It is essential to diagnose these lesions to obviate unnecessary biopsies, especially in children. The mainstay of treatment in these patients is corticosteroids in contrast to infective lesions where antibiotics are given.The response can be assessed by resolution of liver and pulmonary lesions and reduced eosinophil counts.
Abnormal response to chronic social defeat stress and fear extinction in a mouse model of cholinergic dysregulation
Authors: Anderson Kristin R. , Rogu Peter J. , Palumbo Talulla B. , Miwa Julie M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cholinergic signaling is critical for an individual to react appropriately and adaptably to salient stimuli while navigating a complex environment. The cholinergic neurotransmitter system drives attention to salient stimuli, such as stressors, and aids in orchestrating the proper neural and behavioral response. Fine-tuned regulation of the cholinergic system has been linked to appropriate stress responses and subsequent mood regulation while dysregulation has been implicated in mood disorders. Among the multiple layers of regulation are cholinergic protein modulators. Here, we use validated models of experiential-based affective disorders to investigate differences in responses to stress in a genetic mouse model of cholinergic dysregulation based on the loss of protein modulator.
The lynx2 nicotinic receptor modulatory protein provides negative cholinergic regulation within the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, and other brain regions. We discovered here that lynx2 knockout (KO) mice demonstrate an inability to update behavior with an inability to extinguish learned fear during a fear extinction test. We also observed, under an increased stress load following exposure to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) paradigm, there was a unified resilience phenotype in lynx2KO mice, as opposed to the wild-type cohort which was split between resilience and susceptible phenotypes. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the functional role of α7 nicotinic receptor subtypes by phenotypic rescue with MLA or crossing with an α7 null mutant mouse (e.g. lynx2/α7 double KO mice). We demonstrate a direct physical interaction between lynx2 and α7 nAChR by co-immunoprecipitation of complexes from mouse BLA extracts. The genetic predisposition to heightened basal anxiety-like behavior and altered cholinergic signaling impairs individual behavior responses stressors. Together, these data indicate that the effects of social stress can be influenced by baseline genetic factors involved in anxiety regulation.
Real-life experiences with CAR T-cell therapy with idecabtagene vicleucel (ide- cel) for triple-class exposed relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients
Authors: Sanoyan Dilara Akhoundova , Seipel Katja , Bacher Ulrike , Kronig Marie-Noelle , Porret Naomi , Wiedemann Gertrud , Daskalakis Michael , Pabst Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM), leading to unprecedented responses in this patient population. Idecabtagenum vicleucelum (ide-cel) has been recently approved for treatment of triple-class exposed RRMM. We report real-life experiences with the commercial use of ide-cel in RRMM patients.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of the first 16 triple-class exposed RRMM patients treated with ide-cel at a single academic center. We assessed toxicities, response to treatment, CAR-T expansion and soluble BCMA (sBCMA) levels.
Results
We identified 16 consecutive RRMM patients treated with ide-cel between 06–10/2022. Median age was 69 years, 6 (38%) patients had high-risk cytogenetics, 3 (19%) R-ISS stage III, and 5 (31%) extramedullary disease. Median number of previous treatment lines was 6 (3–12). Manufacturing success rate was 88% (6% required second lymphapheresis, 6% received an out-of-specification product). At 3 months, the overall response rate (ORR) was 69% (44% sCR, 6% CR, 19% VGPR). Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) occurred in 15 (94%) patients (88% G1, 6% G2), immune effector-cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) in 1 (6% G1), febrile neutropenia in 11 (69%), and infections in 5 (31%). Prolonged hematotoxicity occurred in 6 (38%) patients. Other non-hematological toxicities were elevated hepatic enzymes (38%), colitis (6%, G3) and DIC (6%, G2). Responses were more frequent in patients with higher CAR T expansion (100% vs 38%), and lack of decrease or plateau of sBCMA levels was typically observed in non-responders.
Conclusions
We report one of the first cohorts of RRMM treated with commercial ide-cel. The ORR was 69% and safety profile was manageable, but prolonged hematologic toxicity still represents a major challenge. Responses correlated with in vivo CAR T cell expansion, underlining the need of further research to optimize CAR T expansion.
Colloidal stability of graphene in aqueous medium: A theoretical approach through Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Montes-Zavala Isidro , Castrejón-González Edgar Omar , González-Calderón José Amir , Rico-Ramírez Vicente 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Molecular Dynamics is used to determine the sedimentation velocity of aqueous solutions of graphene sheets functionalized with i) carboxylic groups, ii) 3-amino-propyl tri-ethoxy silane (silanes), iii) grapheneoxide, and iv) pristine graphene. The COMPASS Force Field was used for the graphene systems and theTIP3P for the water molecules. Results show that the lower sedimentation velocity corresponds to the graphene functionalized with carboxylic groups, which represents the higher colloidal stability. However, the best interaction energy is found in the silane system.
Natural history of long-COVID in a nationwide, population cohort study
Authors: Pell Jill , Hastie Claire , Lowe David , McAuley Andrew , Mills Nicholas , Winter Andrew , Black Corri , Scott Janet , O'Donnell Catherine , Blane David , Browne Susan , Ibbotson Tracy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Previous studies on the natural history of long-COVID have been few and selective. Without comparison groups, disease progression cannot be differentiated from symptoms originating from other causes. The Long-COVID in Scotland Study (Long-CISS) is a Scotland-wide, general population cohort of adults who had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection matched to adults never infected. Serial, self-completed, online questionnaires collected information on pre-existing health conditions and current health: 26 symptoms and health-related quality of life, six, 12 and 18 months after the index test. Those previously infected also self-reported current recovery status (fully, partially or not recovered). Here we show that, of those with previous symptomatic infection, 35% reported persistent incomplete/no recovery, 12% improvement and 12% deterioration. At six and 12 months, one or more symptom was reported by 71.5% and 70.7% respectively of those previously infected, compared with 53.5% and 56.5% of those never infected. Altered taste, smell and confusion improved over time compared to the never infected group and adjusted for confounders. Conversely, late onset dry and productive cough, and hearing problems were more likely following SARS-CoV-2 infection than among those never infected. Whilst resolution of some symptoms of long-COVID (altered taste/smell and confusion) is reassuring, late onset cough and hearing problems in some individuals merits further investigation.
IRAK-M ablation promotes status epilepticus-induced neuroinflammation via activating M1 microglia and impairing excitatory synaptic function
Authors: Liang Xiao-Shan , Qian Ting-Lin , Xiong Yi-Fan , Liang Xiao-Tao , Ding Yue-Wen , Zhu Xiao-Yu , Li Yun-Lv , Zhou Jie-Li , Tan Le-Yi , Li Wei-Peng , Xie Wei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders. The proepileptic and antiepileptic roles of microglia have recently garnered significant attention. Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK)-M, an important kinases in the innate immune response, is mainly expressed in microglia and acts as a negative regulator of the TLR4 signaling pathway that mediates the anti-inflammatory effect. However, whether IRAK-M exerts a protective role in epileptogenesis as well as the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these processes are yet to be elucidated.
Methods: An epilepsy mouse model induced by pilocarpine was used in this study. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to analyze mRNA and protein expression levels, respectively. Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings were employed to evaluate the glutamatergic synaptic transmission in hippocampal neurons. Immunofluorescence was utilized to show the glial cell activation and neuronal loss. Furthermore, the proportion of microglia was analyzed using flow cytometry.
Results: Seizure dynamics influenced the expression of IRAK-M. Its knockout dramatically exacerbated the seizures and the pathology in epilepsy and increased the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) expression, thereby enhancing glutamatergic synaptic transmission in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons in mice. Furthermore, IRAK-M deficiency augmented hippocampal neuronal loss via a possible mechanism of NMDAR-mediated excitotoxicity. IRAK-M deletion promotes microglia toward the M1 phenotype, which resulted in high levels of proinflammatory cytokines and was accompanied by a visible increase in the expressions of key microglial polarization-related proteins, including p-STAT1, TRAF6, and SOCS1.
Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that IRAK-M dysfunction contributes to the progression of epilepsy by increasing M1 microglial polarization and glutamatergic synaptic transmission. This is possibly related to NMDARs, particularly Grin2A and Grin2B, which suggests that IRAK-M could serve as a novel therapeutic target for epilepsy.
Prescribed Convergence Time Control of Spacecraft Attitude Dynamics with Parametric Uncertainty
Authors: Xiao Bing , Zhao Shijie , Chen Zhaoyue , Cao Lu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The prescribed convergence time control issue of spacecraft with parametric uncertainty in inertia and disturbance is investigated in this paper. It is solved by presenting an adaptive sliding mode control framework. As a stepping stone, a new practical predefined-time stability theorem is presented for a class of nonlinear systems. Its maximum convergence time is independent of initial states and is explicitly prescribed via a gain determined by designers. Based on this theorem, an adaptive predefined-time sliding-mode manifold is developed. Then, a chattering-free and nonsingular predefined-time controller is designed. The spacecraft attitude dynamics’ states are governed into a tiny neighborhood with arbitrary small radius after the prescribed time. The performance of this control frame[1]work is validated through two simulation examples.
Information sharing promotes bacterial diversity in oligotrophic environment with low-dose X-ray radiation based on CA modeling and simulation
Authors: Zhang Xiaojun , Li Baohuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
It remains unclear why bacterial diversity was formed and maintained in oligotrophic environment (OE) with low-dose X-ray radiation (LDXR) due to violation of the competitive exclusion principle in ecology. Based on microbial ecology, bioinformatics, cybernetics, experimental phenomena and data, a new hypothesis was proposed to elucidate information sharing mechanisms causingformation and maintenance of bacterial diversity in OE with LDXR. According to hypothesis, a valid cellular automata (CA) model was developed, the CA simulation sufficiently proved that as the bacterial individuals conduct cooperation to share information of substrate positions with each other selflessly, it can effectively increase the survival probabilities of all bacterial species, alleviate interspecific competition, and prevent any bacterial species from being dominant to be beneficial to the coexistence of most species, promoting bacterial diversity during spatiotemporal community succession in OE with LDXR. The results of CA simulation sufficiently confirm the proposed hypothesis andare highly similar to the observed phenomena and data in the experiments.
This study could not only lay the theoretical foundation for understanding of the key role of information sharing plays in formation and maintenance of bacterial diversity but also offer effective guidance for bacterial prevention and control as well as other ecological engineering applications.