bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constraining the diagenesis of the Puga cap carbonate from U–Pb in‐situ dating of seafloor crystal fans, southern Amazonian craton, Brazil
Authors: de Carvalho Davi F. , Nogueira Afonso C. R. , Macambira Moacir J. B. , Lana Cristiano C. , dos Santos Renan F. , Guélard Julia , Sansjofre Pierre 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCap carbonates overlying Marinoan (635 Ma) glacial deposits worldwide record extreme paleoceanographic changes that may have triggered the rise of macroscopic life. However, the lack of geochronological constraints on these successions hinders reconciling climate and environmental change. Their upper part is marked by anomalous aragonite precipitation associated with large transgression and oxygenation of the post‐glacial ocean. Neomorphism of these deposits to low‐Mg calcite often includes centimetre‐scale seafloor crystal fans. We used in‐situ U–Pb dating and C and Sr isotopic analyses in the Puga cap carbonate to estimate the nature and timing of the neomorphism process. An age of 623 ± 3 [9] Ma (δ13C ~ −6‰ and 87Sr/87Sr ~ 0.7071–0.7075) for a blocky calcite cement is consistent with solution‐reprecipitation within the fans during final filling and diagenetic stabilization of the cap carbonate fabric. This result improves previous cap carbonate direct dating, providing a rare Lower Ediacaran chronostratigraphic reference.
STN7 is not essential for developmental acclimation of Arabidopsis to light intensity
Authors: Flannery Sarah E. , Pastorelli Federica , Emrich‐Mills Thomas Z. , Casson Stuart A. , Hunter C. Neil , Dickman Mark J. , Jackson Philip J. , Johnson Matthew P. 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYPlants respond to changing light intensity in the short term through regulation of light harvesting, electron transfer, and metabolism to mitigate redox stress. A sustained shift in light intensity leads to a long‐term acclimation response (LTR). This involves adjustment in the stoichiometry of photosynthetic complexes through de novo synthesis and degradation of specific proteins associated with the thylakoid membrane. The light‐harvesting complex II (LHCII) serine/threonine kinase STN7 plays a key role in short‐term light harvesting regulation and was also suggested to be crucial to the LTR. Arabidopsis plants lacking STN7 (stn7) shifted to low light experience higher photosystem II (PSII) redox pressure than the wild type or those lacking the cognate phosphatase TAP38 (tap38), while the reverse is true at high light, where tap38 suffers more. In principle, the LTR should allow optimisation of the stoichiometry of photosynthetic complexes to mitigate these effects. We used quantitative label‐free proteomics to assess how the relative abundance of photosynthetic proteins varied with growth light intensity in wild‐type, stn7, and tap38 plants. All plants were able to adjust photosystem I, LHCII, cytochrome b6f, and ATP synthase abundance with changing white light intensity, demonstrating neither STN7 nor TAP38 is crucial to the LTR per se. However, stn7 plants grown for several weeks at low light (LL) or moderate light (ML) still showed high PSII redox pressure and correspondingly lower PSII efficiency, CO2 assimilation, and leaf area compared to wild‐type and tap38 plants, hence the LTR is unable to fully ameliorate these symptoms. In contrast, under high light growth conditions the mutants and wild type behaved similarly. These data are consistent with the paramount role of STN7‐dependent LHCII phosphorylation in tuning PSII redox state for optimal growth in LL and ML conditions.
Modeling unrelated blood stem cell donor recruitment using simulated registrant cohorts: Assessment of human leukocyte antigen matching across ethnicity groups
Authors: Blake John T. , Parmar Gaganvir , Ganz Kathy , Seftel Matthew D. , Allan David S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHuman leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐matched unrelated donors are not available for some patients considered for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, particularly among certain ethnic groups. Simulated recruitment modeling can inform efforts to find new matches for more patients.MethodsSimulated recruits were generated by assigning a pair of donor HLA haplotypes from historical data files and matched against HLA data of patient searches in the Canadian Blood Services Stem Cell Registry. Recruitment cohorts reflected the proportion of five specific ethnic groups in the 2016 Canadian census data.ResultsNovel 8/8 HLA matches between simulated recruits and patients increased linearly with larger recruitment cohorts. The proportion of novel 8/8 HLA matches from Caucasian, Hispanic, and Native American/First Nations recruits was equal to or greater than their relative proportion in the recruited cohort (match to: recruit ratio (MRR) ≥ 1). In contrast, African American and Asian & Pacific Islander recruits represented a smaller proportion of novel matches relative to their percentage of the recruited cohort (MRR <1). The proportion of novel 7/8 HLA‐matches from each ethnic group was approximately the same as their proportion in the recruited cohort (MRR ~ 1) and high rates of 7/8 HLA‐matching already exist within the Canadian Blood Services registry for all ethnic groups.ConclusionContinued large recruitment cohorts are needed to add new 8/8 HLA matches to registry inventories. Likelihoods of novel HLA matches varied across ethnic groups, reflecting varied HLA haplotype frequencies across groups. Simulated cohort modeling can inform recruitment strategies that will generate new donor options for patients.
Multicenter, multidisciplinary user‐centered design of a clinical decision‐support and simulation system for massive transfusion
Authors: Sanderson Brenton , Field Jeremy D. , Kocaballi Ahmet B. , Estcourt Lise J. , Magrabi Farah , Wood Erica M. , Coiera Enrico W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundManaging critical bleeding with massive transfusion (MT) requires a multidisciplinary team, often physically separated, to perform several simultaneous tasks at short notice. This places a significant cognitive load on team members, who must maintain situational awareness in rapidly changing scenarios. Similar resuscitation scenarios have benefited from the use of clinical decision support (CDS) tools.Study Design and MethodsA multicenter, multidisciplinary, user‐centered design (UCD) study was conducted to design a computerized CDS for MT. This study included analysis of the problem context with a cognitive walkthrough, development of a user requirement statement, and co‐design with users of prototypes for testing. The final prototype was evaluated using qualitative assessment and the System Usability Scale (SUS).ResultsEighteen participants were recruited across four institutions. The first UCD cycle resulted in the development of four prototype interfaces that addressed the user requirements and context of implementation. Of these, the preferred interface was further developed in the second UCD cycle to create a high‐fidelity web‐based CDS for MT. This prototype was evaluated by 15 participants using a simulated bleeding scenario and demonstrated an average SUS of 69.3 (above average, SD 16) and a clear interface with easy‐to‐follow blood product tracking.DiscussionWe used a UCD process to explore a highly complex clinical scenario and develop a prototype CDS for MT that incorporates distributive situational awareness, supports multiple user roles, and allows simulated MT training. Evaluation of the impact of this prototype on the efficacy and efficiency of managing MT is currently underway.
Numerical Simulation of Enhanced Geothermal System With Complex Fracture Networks
Authors: Xu Jiaxiang , Dong Dandan , Wang Xin , Gao Rui , Yang Lifeng , Liu Zhe , Ding Yunhong , Wang Zhen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Geothermal resource is one of the most promising renewable energies, which is successfully accessed by the enhanced geothermal system (EGS) characterized by a complex fracture network. Therefore, complex fracture networks with hydraulic and natural fractures of different fracture orientations and intensities are established in this study. The natural fractures are randomly distributed in the geothermal reservoir. The working fluid flowing and heat exchange in the geothermal reservoir are simulated by coupling model, considering the effects of temperature variation on the density, viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of working fluid, and the permeability of reservoir matrix. Effects of natural fracture orientation and intensity, position of injection and production wells, and geothermal reservoir permeability on the heat production behavior are analyzed. The simulation reveals that the low-temperature region in the geothermal reservoir could breakthrough along natural fractures. When the direction of injection and production wells is consistent with the orientation range of natural fractures, the reservoir exploitation ratio and the heat extraction rate are the largest, but the temperature stability time of the produced fluid is the shortest and the cooling rate is the fastest. Increasing the intensity of natural fractures is helpful to increase the heat extraction rate, but the temperature of production wells decreases more easily. Increasing the distance perpendicular to the hydraulic fracture can better improve the performance of production wells. High reservoir permeability is not conducive to the stability of production fluid temperature, but can greatly increase the exploitation ratio of the geothermal reservoir.
Evidence-Informed Recommendations for Community-Based Organizations Developing Physical Activity Information Targeting Families of Children and Youth With Disabilities
Authors: Bassett-Gunter Rebecca , Tomasone Jennifer , Latimer-Cheung Amy , Arbour-Nicitopoulos Kelly , Disimino Katerina , Larocca Victoria , Tristani Lauren , Martin Ginis Kathleen , Leo Jennifer , Vanderloo Leigh , Sora Dave , Allison Archie 
Published: March 2023

Parents of children and youth with disabilities (CYD) have expressed unique physical activity (PA) information needs. Community-based organizations (CBOs) require assistance to meet these needs. Guided by the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation II, this project established evidence-informed recommendations for developing PA information targeting families of CYD. This process involved a systematic scoping review to inform draft recommendations (k = 23), which were revised via a consensus meeting with researchers, knowledge users from CBOs, and families of CYD. Broader consultation with CBO knowledge users informed the final recommendations (k = 5) that fit within the following categories: (a) language and definitions, (b) program information, (c) benefits of PA, (d) barriers to PA, and (e) PA ideas and self-regulation tools. CBOs are encouraged to consider these recommendations when developing PA information for families of CYD. Future research will focus on the development of knowledge products to disseminate the recommendations to CBOs and support implementation.
Height, social position and coronary heart disease incidence: the contribution of genetic and environmental factors
Authors: Silventoinen Karri , Lahtinen Hannu , Davey Smith George , Morris Tim T , Martikainen Pekka 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe associations between height, socioeconomic position (SEP) and coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence are well established, but the contribution of genetic factors to these associations is still poorly understood. We used a polygenic score (PGS) for height to shed light on these associations.MethodsFinnish population-based health surveys in 1992–2011 (response rates 65–93%) were linked to population registers providing information on SEP and CHD incidence up to 2019. The participants (N=29 996; 54% women) were aged 25–75 at baseline, and there were 1767 CHD incident cases (32% in women) during 472 973 person years of follow-up. PGS-height was calculated based on 33 938 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and residual height was defined as the residual of height after adjusting for PGS-height in a linear regression model. HRs of CHD incidence were calculated using Cox regression.ResultsPGS-height and residual height showed clear gradients for education, social class and income, with a larger association for residual height. Residual height also showed larger associations with CHD incidence (HRs per 1 SD 0.94 in men and 0.87 in women) than PGS-height (HRs per 1 SD 0.99 and 0.97, respectively). Only a small proportion of the associations between SEP and CHD incidence was statistically explained by the height indicators (6% or less).ConclusionsResidual height associations with SEP and CHD incidence were larger than for PGS-height. This supports the role of material and social living conditions in childhood as contributing factors to the association of height with both SEP and CHD risk.
Safety and efficacy of belimumab in older adults with SLE: results of an integrated analysis of clinical trial data
Authors: D'Cruz David , Eriksson Gina , Green Yulia , Hammer Anne , Ji Beulah , Meizlik Paige , Roth David A 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveAssess the safety and efficacy of belimumab in older adults with SLE.MethodsThis post hoc integrated analysis (GSK Study 116559) included safety data from six randomised, placebo-controlled belimumab trials (BLISS-76, BLISS-52, BLISS-SC, North East Asia study, LBSL02, EMBRACE; n=4170). The BASE study provided additional safety data (n=4003). Efficacy data were from five of the trials. Older adults (≥65 years) were compared with the overall populations of patients with SLE. Patients who had received ≥1 treatment dose were included.ResultsSixty-three older adults (1.5%) were included in the pooled safety analysis population and 156 (3.9%) in the BASE study. At baseline, older adults had lower disease activity but more organ damage than the overall populations. In the pooled safety analysis population, five (18.5%) placebo-treated and ten (27.8%) belimumab-treated older adults experienced ≥1 serious adverse event (SAE), as did 230 (17.0%) placebo-treated and 421 (15.0%) belimumab-treated patients overall. In the BASE study, nine (11.0%) placebo-treated and six (8.1%) belimumab-treated older adults experienced ≥1 SAE, as did 222 (11.1%) placebo-treated and 220 (11.0%) belimumab-treated patients overall. No clinically relevant differences in deaths and adverse events of special interest were observed between older adults and the overall populations. Older adults’ SLE Responder Index response rates favoured belimumab versus placebo, consistent with the overall population.ConclusionThe safety and efficacy of belimumab in older adults were generally consistent with the overall populations, suggesting belimumab is a treatment option for older patients with SLE. Due to small numbers of older adults, findings should be interpreted with caution.
Global fits of simplified models for dark matter with GAMBIT
Authors: Chang Christopher , Scott Pat , Gonzalo Tomás E. , Kahlhoefer Felix , Kvellestad Anders , White Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSimplified models provide a useful way to study the impacts of a small number of new particles on experimental observables and the interplay of those observables, without the need to construct an underlying theory. In this study, we perform global fits of simplified dark matter models with using an up-to-date set of likelihoods for indirect detection, direct detection and collider searches. We investigate models in which a scalar or fermionic dark matter candidate couples to quarks via an s-channel vector mediator. Large parts of parameter space survive for each model. In the case of Dirac or Majorana fermion dark matter, excesses in LHC monojet searches and relic density limits tend to prefer the resonance region, where the dark matter has approximately half the mass of the mediator. A combination of vector and axial-vector couplings to the Dirac candidate also leads to competing constraints from direct detection and unitarity violation.
Testing symmergent gravity through the shadow image and weak field photon deflection by a rotating black hole using the M87$$^*$$ and Sgr. $$\hbox {A}^*$$ results
Authors: Pantig Reggie C. , Övgün Ali , Demir Durmuş 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study rotating black holes in symmergent gravity, and use deviations from the Kerr black hole to constrain the parameters of the symmergent gravity. Symmergent gravity induces the gravitational constantGand quadratic curvature coefficient$$c_{\textrm{O}}$$cOfrom the flat spacetime matter loops. In the limit in which all fields are degenerate in mass, the vacuum energy$$V_{\textrm{O}}$$VOcan be wholly expressed in terms ofGand$$c_{\textrm{O}}$$cO. We parametrize deviation from this degenerate limit by a parameter$${\hat{\alpha }}$$α^such that the black hole spacetime is dS for$${\hat{\alpha }} < 1$$α^<1and AdS for$${\hat{\alpha }} > 1$$α^>1. In constraining the symmergent parameters$$c_{\textrm{O}}$$cOand$${\hat{\alpha }}$$α^, we utilize the EHT observations on the M87* and Sgr. A* black holes. We investigate first the modifications in the photon sphere and shadow size, and find significant deviations in the photonsphere radius and the shadow radius with respect to the Kerr solution. We also find that the geodesics of time-like particles are more sensitive to symmergent gravity effects than the null geodesics. Finally, we analyze the weak field limit of the deflection angle, where we use the Gauss-Bonnet theorem for taking into account the finite distance of the source and the receiver to the lensing object. Remarkably, the distance of the receiver (or source) from the lensing object greatly influences the deflection angle. Moreover,$$c_{\textrm{O}}$$cOneeds be negative for a consistent solution. In our analysis, the rotating black hole acts as a particle accelerator and possesses the sensitivity to probe the symmergent gravity.
How to construct Gorenstein projective modules relative to complete duality pairs over Morita rings
Authors: Ma Yajun , Lü Jiafeng , Li Huanhuan , Hu Jiangsheng 
Published: March 2023

Let [Formula: see text] be a Morita ring with [Formula: see text]. We first study how to construct (complete) duality pairs of [Formula: see text]-modules using (complete) duality pairs of [Formula: see text]-modules and [Formula: see text]-modules, generalizing the result of Mao (Commun. Algebra 12 (2020) 5296–5310) about the duality pairs over a triangular matrix ring. Moreover, we construct Gorenstein projective modules relative to complete duality pairs of [Formula: see text]-modules. Finally, we give an application to Ding projective modules.
Immune modulations of the tumor microenvironment in response to phototherapy
Authors: Valerio Trisha I. , Furrer Coline L. , Sadeghipour Negar , Patrock Sophia-Joy X. , Tillery Sayre A. , Hoover Ashley R. , Liu Kaili , Chen Wei R. 
Published: March 2023

The tumor microenvironment (TME) promotes pro-tumor and anti-inflammatory metabolisms and suppresses the host immune system. It prevents immune cells from fighting against cancer effectively, resulting in limited efficacy of many current cancer treatment modalities. Different therapies aim to overcome the immunosuppressive TME by combining various approaches to synergize their effects for enhanced anti-tumor activity and augmented stimulation of the immune system. Immunotherapy has become a major therapeutic strategy because it unleashes the power of the immune system by activating, enhancing, and directing immune responses to prevent, control, and eliminate cancer. Phototherapy uses light irradiation to induce tumor cell death through photothermal, photochemical, and photo-immunological interactions. Phototherapy induces tumor immunogenic cell death, which is a precursor and enhancer for anti-tumor immunity. However, phototherapy alone has limited effects on long-term and systemic anti-tumor immune responses. Phototherapy can be combined with immunotherapy to improve the tumoricidal effect by killing target tumor cells, enhancing immune cell infiltration in tumors, and rewiring pathways in the TME from anti-inflammatory to pro-inflammatory. Phototherapy-enhanced immunotherapy triggers effective cooperation between innate and adaptive immunities, specifically targeting the tumor cells, whether they are localized or distant. Herein, the successes and limitations of phototherapy combined with other cancer treatment modalities will be discussed. Specifically, we will review the synergistic effects of phototherapy combined with different cancer therapies on tumor elimination and remodeling of the immunosuppressive TME. Overall, phototherapy, in combination with other therapeutic modalities, can establish anti-tumor pro-inflammatory phenotypes in activated tumor-infiltrating T cells and B cells and activate systemic anti-tumor immune responses.
Green Energy: An Ideal Energy Solution for Sustainable Development of Afar Region, Ethiopia
Authors: Anshebo Getachew Alemu , Gebreyohanes Ataklti Abraha , Dessie Bizuayehu Bogale 
Published: March 2023

Green energy is the primary concern for the sustainable development of Ethiopia’s Afar region. The study’s goals are to present scientific evidence of the Afar region’s energy potential to researchers and industry sectors. We used solar shortwave, radiation transfer model, miniscale meteorological model for the Weather Research Forecast (WRF), and spatial and temporal simulation as research techniques. The data show that the Afar region has an energy potential of 239.9 W/m2 average solar radiation flux, 2.102 MW·h/m2 average annual solar density, 131.18 W/m2 average wind power density at

h
=
10

m

, and 204.5 W/m2 average wind power density at

h
=
50

m

. We discovered that solar energy and wind energy are potential energy sources in the Afar region for energy consumption such as solar cooking, solar lighting, and small DC applications.
Associations between MICA and MICB Genetic Variants, Protein Levels, and Colorectal Cancer: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC)
Authors: Wang Shuo , Onyeaghala Guillaume C. , Pankratz Nathan , Nelson Heather H. , Thyagarajan Bharat , Tang Weihong , Norby Faye L. , Ugoji Chinenye , Joshu Corinne E. , Gomez Christian R. , Couper David J. , Coresh Josef , Platz Elizabeth A. , Prizment Anna E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:
The MHC class I chain-related protein A (MICA) and protein B (MICB) participate in tumor immunosurveillance and may be important in colorectal cancer, but have not been examined in colorectal cancer development.

Methods:
sMICA and sMICB blood levels were measured by SomaScan in Visit 2 (1990–92, baseline) and Visit 3 (1993–95) samples in cancer-free participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. We selected rs1051792, rs1063635, rs2516448, rs3763288, rs1131896, rs2596542, and rs2395029 that were located in or in the vicinity of MICA or MICB and were associated with cancer or autoimmune diseases in published studies. SNPs were genotyped by the Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human SNP Array. We applied linear and Cox proportional hazards regressions to examine the associations of preselected SNPs with sMICA and sMICB levels and colorectal cancer risk (236 colorectal cancers, 8,609 participants) and of sMICA and sMICB levels with colorectal cancer risk (312 colorectal cancers, 10,834 participants). In genetic analyses, estimates adjusted for ancestry markers were meta-analyzed.

Results:
Rs1051792-A, rs1063635-A, rs2516448-C, rs3763288-A, rs2596542-T, and rs2395029-G were significantly associated with decreased sMICA levels. Rs2395029-G, in the vicinity of MICA and MICB, was also associated with increased sMICB levels. Rs2596542-T was significantly associated with decreased colorectal cancer risk. Lower sMICA levels were associated with lower colorectal cancer risk in males (HR = 0.68; 95% confidence interval, 0.49–0.96) but not in females (Pinteraction = 0.08).

Conclusions:
Rs2596542-T associated with lower sMICA levels was associated with decreased colorectal cancer risk. Lower sMICA levels were associated with lower colorectal cancer risk in males.

Impact:
These findings support an importance of immunosurveillance in colorectal cancer.