bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making a Superbolt: Reconciling Observations of the Optically Brightest Lightning on Earth from Different Satellites
Authors: Peterson Michael Jay 
Published: July 2023

We previously documented geographic distributions of the optically
brightest lightning on Earth – known as “superbolts” – using two
space-based instruments: the photodiode detector (PDD) on the Fast
On-orbit Recording of Transient Events (FORTE) satellite and the
Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) on NOAA’s newest Geostationary
Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES). In this study, we further
examine the superbolts identified by the PDD and GLM to reconcile the
differences between their geographic distributions. We find that both
the physical extent of the parent flash and the development speed of its
leaders are important for making a superbolt.
The oceanic PDD superbolts tend to occur early in flashes that rapidly
expand laterally into long-horizontal “megaflashes.” The top GLM
superbolts occur over land at later times in particularly large
megaflashes that grow more slowly until they extend over multiple
hundreds of kilometers. The FORTE PDD missed these delayed superbolts
due to limitations in its triggering.
Coincident TRMM measurements show that the warm season megaflash
superbolts detected by LIS/GLM and Turman’s (1977) wintertime oceanic
superbolts also observed by the PDD occur in otherwise similar
thunderstorm environments. Both are marked by: low storm heights
(< 10 km), widespread rainfall near the surface, small
infrared brightness temperature gradients, and low flash rates. We
suggest that the vertically-compact, stratiform nature of these clouds
allows them to store more charge between flashes, providing favorable
conditions for superbolt production.
Unusual Case of Acute Subdural Hematoma after Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy: A Case Report and Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Echnin Jihad , Nassima Daite  , Nassima Daite  , Abdelkedouss Laaidi  , Said Hilmani  , Khadija Ibahioin  , Abdessamad Naja  , Abdelhakim Lakhdar  
Published: July 2023

Background: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is a valuable treatment for obstructive hydrocephalus, but it is not without complications. We present a rare case of acute subdural hematoma following ETV and provide a literature review on the subject.
Case Description: A 23-year-old patient underwent ETV in 2016 for hydrocephalus, resulting in symptom improvement. Four years later, the patient experienced a recurrence of symptoms and underwent a second ETV. Meningitis developed, causing a decline in neurological status. Imaging revealed a calcified mesencephalic lesion, tri-ventricular hydrocephalus, and an acute right parieto-temporo-occipital subdural hematoma. Surgical evacuation and external ventricular drainage were performed, followed by CSF sterilization and a self-adjusting valve placement.
Conclusion: Excessive CSF loss during ETV may contribute to subdural hematoma. ETV remains the preferred treatment for non-communicating hydrocephalus, and enhanced training and experience can reduce complication rates.
Sick Role in Nigeria Education: The Way Forward
Authors: Arogundade Abiola Oluyemi 
Published: July 2023

Weighing the challenges in Nigerian educational institutions, the sick role of Talcott Parson is deployed to examine the dysfunction of the institution. This paper engaged the theoretical perspective as well as relevant literature to investigate the challenges and suggested how to reduce undue interruption of academic activities caused mostly by strike actions. The paper contributed a logical conclusion that the education institution's sick role poses a great danger to both the institution system, staff welfare, student education process and society at large, hence, there is a need for a strongwill between government and the institutions labour union is necessary to address the challenges in Nigerian Educational Institutions. In addition, the government should deploy appropriate legal action for negotiating the demands of labour unions effectively before strike actions.
PENERAPAN MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN SISWA PADA MATERI KLASIFIKASI MATERI DAN PERUBAHANNYA DI KELAS VII-I SMPN 1 SIDIKALANG
Authors: Simanullang Sorta 
Published: July 2023

Abstract : Application Of Discovery Learning Model In Improving Student Skills On Material Classification Materials And Changes In Class VII-I SMPN 1 Sidikalang. The main objective in the research is to improve the cognitive, affective and student learning outcomes by applying the discovery learning model on the subjects of IPA Terpadu.Subjek in this research is the students of class VII-I SMP Negeri 1 Sidikalang Lesson Year 2016/2017 with the number of students as much 32 students. This research uses action research for three cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages: design, activity and observation, reflection, and revision. Data obtained in the form of learning outcomes and student learning activities. Data analysis using descriptive qualitative analysis.Keywords : Discovery learning model, learning outcomes, affective, skillsAbstrak : Penerapan Model Discovery Learning dalam MeningkatkanKeterampilan Siswa pada Materi Klasifikasi Materi dan Perubahannya di Kelas VII-I SMPN 1 Sidikalang. Tujuan utama dalam penelitian ialah meningkatkan hasil belajar kognitif, afektif dan keterampilan siswa dengan menerapkan model discovery learning pada mata pelajaran IPA Terpadu.Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelasVII-I SMP Negeri 1 Sidikalang Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 32 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak tiga siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu: rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi, dan revisi. Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil belajar dan aktivitas belajar siswa. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif deskriptif.Kata Kunci : Model learning, hasil belajar, afektif, keterampilan.
PENGARUH LAYANAN KONSELING INDIVIDUAL KOGNITIF TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS SISWA YANG MENGALAMI KEKERASAN VERBAL DI SMP NEGERI 9 PADANG SIDIMPUAN
Authors: Ginting Rafael Lisinus , Martua Juhanda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:. Individual Cognitive Counseling To Reduce Student Aggressiveness Due To Verbal Abuse In Smpnegeri 9 Padangsidimpuan. This study aims to determine the effect of individual cognitive counseling services on the aggressiveness of students because of experiencing verbal abuse in students. The research method used was quantitative with quasi-experimental design Pre test-post test group. The subjects in this study were students who had aggressiveness because they experienced verbal abuse of 4 people. The data of this study were collected using an aggressiveness questionnaire because of experiencing verbal abuse totaling 35 items that were valid and reliable statements. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The results of data analysis obtained an average score of students who have aggressiveness because of experiencing verbal abuse after getting individual cognitive counseling services lower than before receiving individual cognitive counseling services. This shows there is an influence of individual cognitive counseling services on the aggressiveness of students who experience verbal abuse. Keyword : Counseling Cognitive, Aggressiveness; Verbal Abuse Abstrak : Pengaruh Layanan Konseling Individual Kognitif Terhadap Agresivitas Siswa Yang Mengalami Kekerasan Verbal di SMP Negeri 9 Padangsidimpuan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh layanan konseling individual kognitif terhadap agresivitas siswa karena mengalami kekerasan verbal pada siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan quasi experimental dengan desain Pre test-post testgroup. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa yang memiliki agresivitas karena mengalami kekerasan verbal sejumlah 4 orang. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan angket agresivitas karena mengalami kekerasan verbal berjumlah 35item pernyataan yang telah valid dan reliabel. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil analisis data diperoleh skor rata-rata siswa yang memiliki agresivitas karena mengalami kekerasan verbal setelah mendapat layanan konseling individual kognitif lebih rendah dari pada sebelum mendapat layanan konseling individual kognitif .Hal ini menunjukkan ada pengaruh layanan konseling individual kognitif terhadap agresivitas siswa yang mengalami kekerasan verbal. Kata Kunci : Konseling Kognitif, Agresif, Kekerasan Verbal
PENERAPAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING DAN CERTAINTY FACTOR UNTUK DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT PADA TANAMAN BONSAI
Authors: Anita Anita , Rodhy Rodhy , Ningsih Surya , Solin Dumawati 
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Application of Forward Chaining and Certainty Factor Methods for Diagnosing Diseases in Bonsai Plants. Bonsai plants are dwarfed plants which are generally planted in shallow pots. The main element in bonsai is harmony between pots and plants, in addition to harmony between pots and plants there are also other elements such as the size of the trunk, the height of the tree, the spread of roots, twigs, and large leaves. Therefore, planting and maintaining bonsai is quite complicated, where the way to care for bonsai plants ranging from fertilization to formation must be highly considered and very thorough. Expert systems are needed to help quickly find out what diseases attack bonsai plants based on symptoms that arise. Not only the type of disease, this system also informs how to deal with plants affected by the disease and how to prevent it. The results of the application of the Forward Chaining Method and Certainty Factor can provide a diagnosis of pests in bonsai based on the symptoms given. Based on the results of the MySQL calculation is used as a database design, and system design using the programming language Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP).Keywords: Bonsai, Expert System, Forward Chaining, Certainty Factor, PHPAbstrak: Penerapan Metode Forward Chaining dan Certainty Factor untuk Diagnosa Penyakit pada Tanaman Bonsai. Tanaman hias Bonsai adalah sebuah tanaman yang dikerdilkan dimana pada umumnya tanaman ini ditanaman dalam pot yang dangkal. Unsur utama dalam bonsai adalah keharmonisan antara pot dan tanaman, selain keharmonisan antara pot dan tanaman ada juga unsur lainnya seperti besar batang, tinggi pohon, penyebaran akar, ranting, dan besar daun. Oleh karna itu penanaman dan pemeliharaan bonsai cukup rumit, dimana cara merawat tanaman bonsai mulai dari pemupukan sampai pembentukan harus sangat diperhatikan dan sangat teliti. Sistem pakar di butuhkan untuk membantu mengetahui secara cepat penyakit apa yang menyerang tanaman bonsai berdasarkan gejala yang muncul. Tidak hanya jenis penyakit, sistem ini juga menginformasikan cara penanganan untuk tanaman yang terserang penyakit dan cara pencegahannya. Hasil penerapan Metode Forward Chaining danCertainty Factor dapat memberikan diagnosa hama pada tanaman bonsai berdasarkan gejala-gejala yang diberikan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan MySQL digunakan sebagai perancangan database, dan perancangan sistem menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP). Kata Kunci :Bonsai, SistemPakar, Forward Chaining, Certainty Factor, PHP.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI KEPALA SEKOLAHDALAM MANAJEMEN BANTUAN OPERASIONAL SEKOLAH (BOS) YANG TRANSPARANSI DAN AKUNTABEL MELALUI MODEL GROW MEDI SEKOLAH BINAAN
Authors: Erdita Erdita 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:Efforts to Improve Principal Competence in School Operational Assistance Management (Bos), which is Transparency and Accountability through the Model of Growing Mediated Schools. Determination of the place of research is based on the main focus of this research is the compilation of School Budget Activities and Budgets (RKAS) and BOS reporting carried out by the Principal as Chair of the BOS Management Team in accordance with the technical guidelines for the use of BOS and to assist School Principals in managerial competencies especially in the BOS financial sector. . Seen from the results of observations, guidance and examination of documents it appears that the average value of the observed aspects gets "Very Good" so that the performance indicators that have been previously determined have been met through the Grow Me method: the principal is more thorough and skilled at checking the BOS reporting documents. To further clarify the development of research results from one cycle to another, the following table and graph are shown comparison between cycles.Keywords:Principal Competence, School Operational Assistance Management, Grow Me ModelAbstrak: Upaya Meningkatkan Kompetensi Kepala Sekolah Dalam Manajemen Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (Bos) Yang Transparansi Dan Akuntabel Melalui Model Grow Medi Sekolah Binaan . Penentuan tempat penelitian tersebut didasarkan pada fokus utama penelitian ini adalah peyusunan Rencana Kegiatan dan Anggaran Sekolah (RKAS) dan pelaporan BOS yang dilakukan Kepala Sekolah sebagai Ketua Tim Manajemen BOS sesuai petunjuk teknis penggunaan BOS dan membantu peningkatan profesional Kepala Sekolah dalam kompetensi manajerial khususnya bidang keuangan BOS.Dilihat dari hasil pengamatan, pembimbingan dan pemeriksaan dokumen tampak bahwa nilai rerata aspek yang diamati mendapat nilai “ Amat Baik” sehingga indikator kinerja yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya telah terpenuhi melalui metode Grow Me yakni : kepala sekolah lebih telitidan terampil memeriksa dokumen pelaporan BOS. Untuk lebih memperjelas perkembangan hasil penelitian dari satu siklus ke siklus lainnya, berikut ini ditampilkan tabel dan grafik perbandingan antar siklus.Kata Kunci : Kompetensi Kepala Sekolah, Manajemen Bantuan Operasional Sekolah, Model Grow Me
PENGGUNAAN ONLINE INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIADENGAN PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERFIKIR KRITIS MAHASISWA CALON GURU PGSD
Authors: Manurung Imelda Free Unita , Nurhairani Nurhairani 
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Use of Interactive Multimedia Online with the Implementation of Problem Based Learning Models to Improve Critical Thinking Skills of Prospective Teachers in PGSD Teachers. Using of Online Interactive Multimedia with the implementation problem based learning model to increase critical thingking skill for students in PGSD major. This study aims to increase the critical thingking skills of students in PGSD major in state university of Medan. The method used in this study used is a quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control groupp design. From the results of the t test calculations of two independet samples using SPSS 16 obtained a significance of 0,004. So, it can be concluded that the use of Online Interactive Multimedia with the implementation problem based learning model can increase critical thingking skill for students in PGSD major than the the implementation problem based learning model not using Online Interactive Multimedia.Keywords: Online Interactive Multimedia, Problem Based Learning, Critical Thinking SkillAbstrak: Penggunaan Online Interactive Multimedia Dengan Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berfikir Kritis Mahasiswa Calon Guru PGSD. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk meningkatan keterampilan berfikir kritis mahasiswa calon guru PGSD di Universitas Negeri Medan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuasi eksperimen dengan desain nonequivalent control group design. Dari hasil perhitungan uji t dua sampel independen dengan menggunakan SPSS 16 diperoleh signifikansi sebesar 0,004 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan online interactive multimedia dengan penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning dapat lebih meningkatkan keterampilan berfikir kritis mahasiswa dibandingkan dengan penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning tanpa menggunakan online interactive multimedia.Kata Kunci : Online Interactive Multimedia, Problem Based Learning, Keterampilan Berfikir Kritis.
EFEKTIVITAS BAHAN AJAR TEMATIK SEKOLAH DASAR BERBASIS BUDAYA LOKAL MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING (CTL) TERHADAP AKTIVITAS BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Gaol Rumiris Lumban , Simarmata Ester Julinda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Effectiveness of Using Local-Based Thematic Primary School-Based Teaching Materials Through the Application of Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Learning Model for Student Learning Activities. In this study analyzed the effectiveness of local culture-based primary school thematic teaching materials through the application of the contextual teaching and learning learning model (CTL) to student learning activities. This research method is a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods with a simple linearity analysis on the assessment sheet of teaching materials and observations of student learning activities. The population and sample in this study were all elementary school students in grade IV SDN 156315 Sosorgadong 5, Sosorgadong District, Barus Tapanuli Tengah, North Sumatra. Data collection techniques in this study were observation by distributing questionnaires to students. The conclusion of the research on effective teaching materials on learning activities is seen from the influence of variables x and y, namely the effectiveness of the use of local culture-based thematic teaching materials on student activities.Keywords: Local Thematic Teaching Material, Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) Learning Model, Student Learning ActivitiesAbstrak: Efektivitas Penggunakan Bahan Ajar Tematik Sekolah Dasar Berbasis Budaya Lokal Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL) Terhadap Aktivitas Belajar Siswa. Dalam penelitian ini menganalisis efektivitas bahan ajar tematik sekolah dasar berbasis budaya lokal melalui penerapan model pembelajaran contextual teaching andlearning (CTL) terhadap aktivitas belajar siswa. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode campuran yaitu metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan analisis uji linieritas sederhana pada lembar penilaian terhadap bahan ajar dan pengamatan terhadap aktivitas belajar siswa. Populasi dan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah adalah semua siswa SD kelas IV SDN 156315 Sosorgadong 5 Kecamatan Sosorgadong Barus Tapanuli Tengah Sumatera Utara. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini adalah observasi dengan menyebarkan angket kepada siswa. Simpulan penelitian bahan ajar efektif terhadapat aktivitas pembelajaran dilihat dari pengaruh variabel x dan y yaitu adanya efektivitas penggunaan bahan ajar tematik berbasis budaya lokal terhadap aktivitas siswa.Kata Kunci: Bahan Ajar Tematik Budaya Lokal, Model Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching And Learning (CTL), Aktivitas Belajar Siswa
MENINGKATKAN KEBERANIAN BERTANYA SISWA MELALUI LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN CARA TULIS BACA SILANG DI KELAS IX SMP
Authors: Sintan Sintan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Increase Courage to Ask Students Through Group Counseling Services by Cross-Writing Writing in Class IX Middle School. The purpose of this study is to increase the activity of asking students in learning through the use of group guidance by cross-writing writing. The research was carried out first with the guidance of ordinary groups in accordance with existing theories. Then the group guidance was modified by writing down the words and sentences to be spoken, then the results of the writing were read by other group members, while the client who had problems reading the results of other group members. The subjects of this study were 8th grade students of SMP Negeri 6 Percut Sei Tuan as many as 8 people consisting of 4 people and 4 women. The results of his research are by using cross-reading and writing can achieve the purpose of group guidance, which is to train students (who are group members) to dare to speak in public.Keywords: Courage to Ask, Cross-Reading, Group Guidance.Abstrak: Meningkatkan Keberanian Bertanya Siswa Melalui Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Dengan Cara Tulis Baca Silang di Kelas IX SMP. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keaktifan bertanya siswa dalam belajar melalui penggunaan bimbingan kelompok dengan cara tulis baca silang. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini dilakukan tersebih dahulu dengan bimbingan kelompok biasa sesuai dengan teori yang ada. Kemudian dilakukan modifikasi bimbingan kelompok yaitu dengan menuliskan kata-kata dan kalimat yang akan diucapkannya, kernudian hasil tulisannya dibacakan anggota kelompok lain, sedangkan klien yang bermasalah membacakan hasil tulisan anggota kelompok lain. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX-3 SMP Negeri 6 Percut Sei Tuan sebanyak 8 orang yang terdiri dan 4 orang laki-laki dan 4 orang perempuan. Hasil penelitiannya adalah dengan rnenggunakan tulis baca secara bersilang dapat mencapai tujuan bimbingan kelompok yang dilakukan, yaitu dapat melatih siswa (yang menjadi anggota kelompok) untuk berani berbicara di depan umum. Kata Kunci: Keberanian Bertanya, Tulis Baca Silang, Bimbingan Kelompok.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH (PROBLEM BASED LEARNING) DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH FISIKA
Authors: Prawijaya Septian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract: Analysis Of Effect Of Model-Based Learning Problems (Problem Based Learning) Motivation And Learning Ability Of Students Physics Problem Solving. This study is aimed to determine the differences: (1) The ability of problem solving of student using Problem Based Learning (PBL) and Direct Instruction (DI), (2) The ability of problem solving students who have high and low motivation. This is a quasi-experimental research. The population is 12th grade high school students at one state high school and the sample is determined by random-sampling technique. There are two instruments of this research, namely student learning motivation questionnaire and problem solving ability test. The data are analyzed using two-way ANAVA. The result showsthat the ability of problem solving students who used Problem Based Learning (PBL) are better than used Direct Instruction (DI). This research also finds that the ability of problem solving students who has high motivation were better than low motivationKeywords: Student Motivation, Ability of Problem Solving, Problem Based LearningAbstrak: Analisis Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (Problem Based Learning) dan Motivasi Belajar Siswa Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Fisika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan : (1) kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika siswa yang diajarkan dengan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) dan Direct Instruction (DI), (2) kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika siswa pada kelompok motivasi belajar tinggi dan motivasi belajar rendah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen. Populasi penelitian adalah siswa kelas 12 Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) dan sampel ditentukan berdasarkan teknik random-sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini ada dua yaitu angket motivasi belajar siswa dan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Adapun tes yang digunakan adalah berbentuk essay. Data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan ANAVA dua jalur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika yang menggunakan Problem Based Learning lebih baik dibandingkan siswa yang menggunakan Direct Instruction, Studi ini juga menemukan bahwa kemampuan pemecahan masalah fisika siswa yang merniliki pemahaman konsep tinggi lebih baik dibandingkan siswa yang memiliki motivasi belajar rendah.Kata Kunci: Motivasi Belajar Siswa, Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah, Problem Based Learning