bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical nurses' compassion fatigue psychological experience process: a constructivist grounded theory study
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zou Jie , Wang Xiao , Luo Yaoyue , Xiong Zhiyao , Zhang Jingping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical nurses are susceptible to compassion fatigue when exposed to various types of traumatic events in patients for extended periods of time. However, the developmental process, staging, and psychological responses distinct to each stage of compassion fatigue in nurses are not fully clarified. This study aimed to explore the processes of compassion fatigue and the psychological experiences specific to each phase of compassion fatigue among clinical nurses.
Methods
Charmaz’s Grounded Theory Constructivist methodology was used in this qualitative research. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 clinical nurses with varying degrees of compassion fatigue from December 2020 to January 2021. Interview data were analyzed using grounded theory processes.
Results
A core category of “The dynamic and cumulative process of compassion fatigue” emerged. Clinical nurses’ experience of compassion fatigue was developed as five processes: compassion experience period, compassion decrement period, compassion discomfort period, compassion distress period, and compassion fatigue period.
Conclusion
Clinical nurses who experience compassion fatigue may go through five stages that are stage-specific and predictable. The findings can shed light on local and global applications to better understand the problem of nurses' compassion fatigue. The interventions for addressing compassion fatigue in clinical nurses should be stage-specific, targeted, and individualized.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Medical Students Towards Role of Physical Activity in Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases
Authors: Mohamed Sami , Muhammad Abdulqadir Surajo , Mohamed Abdikarim Abdi , Alhaj Ahmad Mahmud , Bulama Ahmad Abdullahi , Eldeen Ahmad Al-Mujtaba Esam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-communicable diseases are the leading cause of death and the main issue in modern and future public health worldwide. Non-communicable diseases are amenable to health promotion, prevention and medical interventions. Improved social conditions, quality of diet, body weight, smoking cessation, and increased physical activity can greatly reduce the burden of NCDs.
Methods
This study aims to assess the attitude and practice of medical students towards the role of physical activity in non- communicable diseases prevention in Nile University as perceived by students. An Observational-based analytical, cross-sectional study design. Data analysis was done using the SPSS software.
Result
The study included 81 males(43.1%) and 107 females(56.9%). Out of total number of students, 51% do not engage in physical activities and 49% participate in planned physical activities. The frequency of participation in physical activities are; Students who engage in physical activities daily (14, 7.4%) and weekly (37, 19.7%), while 40 students (21.3%) engage in physical activity monthly. Students that participate in planned physical activities for health benefits were 86(45.7%), and 4 students (2.1%) practice physical activities for social reasons, while a single student practices due to doctor’s advice 1 (5%). The majority of students had good background knowledge (83%) and most provde advice to their friends (38.3%) and family (51.1&).
Conclusion
Maority of the students had an acceptable background knowledge about the role of physical activities in prevention of major NCDs. However, they had low frequency of participation in planned physical activities despite having positive advocating attitude.
A highly selective Pyrene appended Oxacalixarene receptor for MNA and 4- NP detection: an experimental and computational study
Authors: Upadhyay Himali , Harikrishnan Uma , Bhatt Devanshi , Dhadnekar Namrata , Kumar Kapil , Panchal Manthan , Trivedi Pooja , Sindhav Gaurang , Modi Krunal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A novel bipyrene-substituted calix[4]arene (BPOC) was designed and synthesized to employ as a fluorescent probe, which enables the detection of MNA and 4-NP among all the explosive materials. Utilizing 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR analysis techniques, its structure was characterized. The binding property of BPOC to various NACs, including 1,3-DNB, 2,3-DNT, 2,4-DNT, 2,6-DNT, 4-NP, 4-NT, and PA, revealed that the sensor binds to MNA and 4-NP with remarkable selectivity and detection limits of 0.2 µM and 0.3 µM, respectively, for MNA and 4-NP. Using docking and density functional theory (DFT), computational insights were provided for investigating the stability and spectroscopic analysis of the inclusion complex. The calculations supplement the findings significantly and clarify the structural geometry and mode of interactions in supramolecular complexation. In an MTT experiment on human PBMC to check for cytotoxicity, this chemical was found to influence 1 × 105 cell viability dose-dependently.
Investigation of perfusion impairment in degenerative cervical myelopathy beyond the site of cord compression
Authors: Lebret Anna , Lévy Simon , Pfender Nikolai , Farshad Mazda , Altorfer Franziska C.S. , Callot Virginie , Curt Armin , Freund Patrick , Seif Maryam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine tissue-specific blood perfusion impairment of the cervical cord above the compression site in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging. A quantitative MRI protocol, including structural and IVIM imaging, was conducted in healthy controls and patients. In patients, T2-weighted scans were acquired to quantify intramedullary signal changes, the maximal canal compromise, and the maximal cord compression. T2*-weighted MRI and IVIM were applied in all participants in the cervical cord (covering C1-C3 levels) to determine white matter (WM) and grey matter (GM) cross-sectional areas (as a marker of atrophy), and tissue-specific perfusion indices, respectively. IVIM imaging resulted in microvascular volume fraction (F), blood velocity (D*), and blood flow (F&middot;D*) indices. DCM patients additionally underwent a standard neurological clinical assessment. Regression analysis assessed associations between perfusion parameters, clinical outcome measures, and remote spinal cord atrophy. Twenty-nine DCM patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. At the level of stenosis, 11 patients showed focal radiological evidence of cervical myelopathy. Above the stenosis level, cord atrophy was observed in the WM (-9.3%; p = 0.005) and GM (-6.3%; p = 0.008) in patients compared to healthy controls. Blood velocity (BV) and blood flow (BF) indices were decreased in the ventral horns of the GM (BV: -20.1%, p = 0.0009; BF: -28.2%, p = 0.0008), in the ventral funiculi (BV:-18.2%, p = 0.01; BF: -21.5%, p = 0.04) and lateral funiculi (BV: -8.5%, p = 0.03; BF: -16.5%, p = 0.03) of the WM, across C1-C3 levels. A decrease in microvascular volume fraction was associated with GM atrophy (R = 0.46, p = 0.02). This study demonstrates tissue-specific cervical perfusion impairment rostral to the compression site in DCM patients. IVIM indices are sensitive to remote perfusion changes in the cervical cord in DCM and may serve as neuroimaging biomarkers of hemodynamic impairment in future studies. The association between perfusion impairment and cervical cord atrophy indicates that changes in hemodynamics caused by compression may contribute to the neurodegenerative processes in DCM.
Prefrontal cortex neurons encode ambient light intensity differentially across
regions and layers
Authors: Sabbah Shai , Zangen Elyashiv , Hadar Shira , Lawrence Christopher , Rasras Hala , Obeid Mustafa , Aslan Ori , Zur Eyal , Cohen-Hatab Daniel , Schulcz Nadav , Samama Yona , Li Yi , Dobrotvorskia Irina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

While light can affect emotional and cognitive processes of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC),
no light-encoding was hitherto identified in this region. Here, extracellular recordings in awake
mice revealed that over half of studied mPFC neurons showed photosensitivity, that was
diminished by chemogenetic inhibition of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells
(ipRGCs), or of the upstream thalamic perihabenular nucleus (PHb). In 15% of mPFC
photosensitive neurons, firing rate changed monotonically along light-intensity steps and
gradients. These light-intensity-encoding neurons comprised four types, two enhancing and two
suppressing their firing rate with increased light intensity. These types were also identified in the
PHb, where they exhibited shorter latency and increased sensitivity. Light suppressed prelimbic
activity but boosted infralimbic activity, mirroring their contrasting roles in fear-conditioning,
drug-seeking, and anxiety. We posit that prefrontal photosensitivity represents a substrate of
light-susceptible, mPFC-mediated functions, which could by studied as a therapeutical target in
psychiatric and addiction disorders.
Ozone treatment attenuates the ferroptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via activation of the Nrf2/Slc7a11/Gpx4 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhu Farong , Liu Yu , Wang Xinlei , Wu Zhouquan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of brain ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) insult is characterised by the loss of neurons as a result of excessive oxidative stress responses. A form of oxidative cell death known as ferroptosis can be triggered when there is a breakdown in the equilibrium that exists between antioxidants and pro-oxidants in cells. As a natural bioactive molecule with antioxidant/anti-apoptotic and pro-autophagic properties, ozone can enhance the capacity of the antioxidant system and ameliorate oxidative stress. Yet, the mechanism of its role in neuronal ferroptosis remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the functions and possible mechanisms of ozone in cerebral I/R-induced ferroptotic neuronal death.
Methods
A model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was created in S-D rats that had been pretreated with ozone. Intraperitoneal administration of the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, the Slc7a11 inhibitor Erastin, and the Gpx4 inhibitor RSL3 was performed 1h prior to the creation of the model.
Results
According to the findings of our research, ozone preconditioning was able to mitigate neuronal damage caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), lessen the severity of neurological deficits, lower the volume of cerebral infarcts, and reduce cerebral infarct volume in MCAO rats. One possible mechanism for this protective effect is the suppression of neuronal ferroptosis. Transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting findings all pointed to ferroptosis in the aftermath of MCAO-induced brain damage. The present study found that MCAO caused morphological damage to neuronal mitochondria, enhanced the accumulation of lipid peroxidation, and promoted MDA production. Moreover, MCAO decreased the levels of FTH1 and GPX4, which act as negative regulators of ferroptosis, and increased the levels of ACSL4, which acts as a positive regulator of ferroptosis. Ozone preconditioning has been shown to have a protective impact on neuronal by increasing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of Slc7a11 and Gpx4. Meanwhile, treatment with ML385, Erastin and RSL3 significantly reversed the protective effect of ozone preconditioning on neuronal ferroptosis.
Conclusion
Ozone treatment attenuates the ferroptosis in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury rat model via Nrf2/Slc7a11/Gpx4 Pathway, which lays a new theoretical foundation for the use of ozone as a possible therapy to prevent ischemic stroke.
Studying the periodic solitary, rational solitary and solitary waves of the nonlinear (2+1)-dimensional Maccari couple model in water wave dynamics
Authors: Yaro David , Akuamoah Saviour Worlanyo , Apeanti Wilson Osafo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The analytical and explicit solutions to nonlinear partial differential models are quite an interesting area in nonlinear sciences. The new ansatz transformation on Riccati equation rational expansion method is implemented in this study to ascertain the exact, periodic solitary and solitary wave solutions of the nonlinear (2+1)-dimensional Maccari couple model. By selecting appropriate values for the constant parameters, the dynamic behaviors of some chosen solutions are displayed in terms of 3-D, 2-D, and contour plots. The results indicate that the suggested approach is easy to understand, effective and basic, which is anticipated to provide some fresh ideas for the investigation of traveling wave solutions.
Long-term Functional Outcomes and Complications of Microsurgical Resection of Brainstem Cavernous Malformations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Albalkhi Ibrahem , Shafqat Areez , Bin-Alamer Othman , Mallela Arka N. , Kuminkoski Chloe , Labib Mohamed A. , Lang Michael J. , Lawton Michael T. , Morcos Jacques J. , Couldwell William T. , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Brainstem cavernous malformations (CMs) encompass up to 20% of all intracranial CMs and are considered more aggressive than cerebral CMs because of their high annual bleeding rates. Microsurgical resection remains the primary treatment modality for CMs, but long-term functional outcomes and complications are heterogenous in the literature.
Methods
The authors performed a systematic review on brainstem CMs in 4 databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. We included studies that reported on the long-term functional outcomes and complications of brainstem CM microsurgical resection. A meta-analysis was performed and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.
Results
The search yielded 4781 results, of which 19 studies met our inclusion criteria. Microsurgery was performed on 940 patients (mean age 35 years, 46% females). Most of the brainstem CMs were located in the pons (n = 470). The pooled proportions of improved, stable, and worsened functional outcomes after microsurgical resection of brainstem CMs were 56.7% (95% CI 48.4–64.6), 28.6% (95% CI 22.4–35.7), and 12.6% (95% CI 9.6–16.2), respectively. CMs located in the medulla were significantly (p = 0.003) associated with a higher proportion of improved outcome compared with those in the pons and midbrain. Complete resection was achieved in 93.3% (95% CI 89.8–95.7). The immediate postoperative complication rate was 37.2% (95% CI 29.3–45.9), with new-onset cranial nerve deficit being the most common complication. The permanent morbidity rate was 17.3% (95% CI 10.5–27.1), with a low mortality rate of 1% from the compiled study population during a mean follow-up of 58 months.
Conclusion
Our analysis indicates that microsurgical resection of brainstem CMs can result in favorable long-term functional outcomes with transient complications in the majority of patients. Complete microsurgical resection of the CM is associated with a lower incidence of CM hemorrhage and the morbidity related to it.
Bio-based pH‐responsive nanofibrous membranes for controlled release of tetracycline hydrochloride
Authors: Zhu Miaomiao , Xu Wenxuan , Wu Duo , Liu Zhuangcheng , Song Yuanyuan , Zhou Aying , Xiong Ranhua , Huang Chaobo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Design and fabrication of pH-responsive nanofibrous membranes by biomaterials is a key step for drug delivery systems. Currently, there is an increasing attention on design of biocompatible nanofibrous drug delivery systems. Here, a bio-based pH‐responsive nanofibrous membranes loaded with antibiotic were fabricated for the controlled release of tetracycline hydrochloride (TH). The in vitro drug release behavior of varied pH‐responsive nanofibrous with different mass ratios of poly (lactic acid) and cellulose acetate phthalate was investigated to clarify the release mechanism. The prepared fibrous membranes possess sufficient antibacterial activity against both to Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. At the same time, it also has good biocompatibility. Therefore, the fabricated nanofibrous membranes was demonstrated to be a pH-responsive nanoplatform for drug delivery, which may be serve as a novel antibacterial wound dressing.
Identification of phenomic data in the pathogenesis of cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract: A UK biobank data analysis
Authors: Tan Shirin Hui , Guan Catherina Anak , Bujang Mohamad Adam , Lai Wei Hong , Voon Pei Jye , Sim Edmund Ui-Hang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for a significant incidence and mortality rates of cancers globally. Utilization of a phenomic data approach allows researchers to reveal the mechanisms and molecular pathogenesis of these conditions. We aimed to investigate the correlation between the phenomic features and gastrointestinal cancers in a large cohort study.
Methods: We included 502369 subjects aged 37-73 years in the UK Biobank recruited since 2006. Socio-demographic factors, blood chemistry, anthropometric measurements and lifestyle factors of participants collected at baseline assessment were analysed. Unviariate and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to determine the significant risk factors for the outcomes of interest, based on the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results: The analysis included a total of 441141 participants, of which 7952 (1.8%) were incident GI cancer cases and 433189 were healthy controls. A marker, cystatin C was associated with total and each gastrointestinal cancer (adjusted OR 2.43; 95% CI 2.23-2.64). Compared to Asians, Whites ethnicity had higher risk of developing gastrointestinal cancers. Several other factors were associated with distinct GI cancers.
Conclusion: Cystatin C and ethnicity appear to be important features in GI cancers, suggesting some overlap in the molecular pathogenesis of GI cancers.
Analysis of the predictive value of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index for osteoporosis in elderly patients with T2DM: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Sun Silu , Tao Simin , Xi Xiaoyan , Jiang Tao , Zhu Qian , Zhou Yan , Li Hui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Nutritional status is associated with muscle strength and bone mineral density, and malnutrition is recognized as a risk factor for osteoporosis and T2DM. Previous studies have demonstrated the relationship between nutritional assessment tools and BMD. However, few studies have reported the validity of three nutritional risk assessment tools in predicting osteoporosis in the elderly with T2DM. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between three nutritional assessment tools (GNRI, PNI, CONUT) and BMD and to compare their validity in predicting osteoporosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly.
Method: This retrospective study collected clinical data including general information, biochemical indicators, and bone densitometry from 525 elderly patients with T2DM calculated GNRI, PNI, and CONUT scores, and categorized the patients into osteoporotic and non-osteoporotic groups. The correlation between the three nutritional assessment tools and BMD was analyzed using Spearman partial correlation. Binary logistic regression analyzed the relationship between GNRI and osteoporosis. ROC curves were used to compare the validity of GNRI, PNI, and CONUT in predicting osteoporosis.
Results: The osteoporotic group was older and had lower LDL, femoral neck BMD, lumbar spine BMD, and total hip BMD compared with the nonosteoporotic group. Spearman's partial correlation showed a positive correlation between femoral neck BMD and lumbar spine BMD, but no correlation was observed between total hip BMD and GNRI. Logistic regression analyses showed no association between PNI, CONUT scores, and the development of osteoporosis. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, ALB, Cr, UA, FBG, TG, and HDL, the correlation between GNRI and osteoporosis remained. ROC curve analysis showed that GNRI in combination with age and albumin had better predictive ability for osteoporosis than PNI and CONUT.
Conclusion: GNRI levels were positively correlated with femoral neck BMD and lumbar spine BMD; GNRI was an independent protective factor against osteoporosis in elderly patients with T2DM, and the predictive ability of GNRI for osteoporosis in elderly patients with T2DM was better than that of PNI and CONUT scores.
Construction and validation an autophagy and immune-related prognostic signature in breast cancer
Authors: Wang Hairui , Nie Jianyun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Increasing evidence has revealed the association between autophagy and tumor microenvironment. However, reliable prognostic signatures based on a combination of autophagy and immune-relate genes have not been well-established. This study aimed to construct an autophagy and immune-related risk model to predict prognosis in patients with breast cancer (BC). The eleven genes (AIMP1, APOBEC3F, APOH, BCL3, CCL24, CCL5, CD14, CD74, CMTM4, CRHR1, DAXX) were identified to constructed an autophagy-immune-related prognostic risk model. High-risk patients had worse overall survival compared with low-risk patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses showed this model had a significant prognostic of survival. The nomogram yielded favorable performance to predict survival and risk stratification. Gene enrichment analysis (GSEA) identified immune and metabolism-related pathways enriched in the high-risk group. Moreover, the rate of immune infiltrating cells was higher in the low-risk group.
Diversity and ecological function of urease-producing bacteria in the cultivation environment of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis
Authors: Pei Pengbing , Aslam Muhammad , Wang Hui , Ye Peilin , Li Tangcheng , Liang Honghao , Lin Qi , Chen Weizhou , Du Hong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Urease-producing bacteria (UPB) provide inorganic nitrogen for primary producers by hydrolyzing urea, and play an important role in marine nitrogen cycle. However, there is still an incomplete understanding of UPB and their ecological functions in the cultivation environment of the red macroalgae Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. This study comprehensively analyzed the diversity of culturable UPB and explored their effects on urea uptake by G. lemaneiformis. A total of 34 isolates belonging to four main bacterial phyla i.e. (Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria) were identified through 16S rRNA sequencing and were screened for UPB by urea agar chromogenic medium assay and ureC gene cloning. Our data revealed that only 8 strains contained urease. All of these UPB exhibited different urease activities, which were determined by the Berthelot reaction colorimetry assay. Additionally, the UPB strain (G13) isolated from G. lemaneiformis with higher urease activity was selected for co-culture with G. lemaneiformis to explore its role in promoting or inhibiting nitrogen uptake by macroalgae. The results showed a significant increase in urea consumption in the culture medium and the total cellular nitrogen in G. lemaneiformis in the UPB-co culture group compared to the sterile group (p < 0.05). This suggests that the selected UPB strain positively influences nitrogen uptake by G. lemaneiformis. Similarly, isotopic assays revealed that the δ15N content of G. lemaneiformis was significantly higher in the UPB-co culture than in the control group, where δ15N-urea was the only nitrogen source in the culture medium. This indicates that the UPB helped G. lemaneiformis to absorb more nitrogen from urea. Moreover, the highest content of δ15N was found in G. lemaneiformis with epiphytic bacteria compared to sterilized (i.e. control), showing that epiphytic bacteria, along with UPB, have a compound effect in helping G. lemaneiformis absorb more nitrogen from urea. Taken together, these results provide unique insight into the ecological role of UPB and suggest that urease from macroalgae environment-associated bacteria might be an important player in marine nitrogen cycling.