bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations: Vascular cognitive impairment, 7th edition practice guidelines update, 2024
Authors: Swartz Richard H. , Longman R. Stewart , Lindsay M. Patrice , Lund Rebecca , Ganesh Aravind , Eskes Gail A. , Austin Melissa , Bechard Lauren E. , Bhangu Jaspreet , Bruto Venera C. , Carter Sherri , Chow Nelly , Deschaintre Yan , Fedorchuk Kathleen , Fellows Lesley , Foley Norine , Greer Lee‐Anne , Lee Douglas S. , Leonard Carol , Patel Ronak , Poonyania Sepideh , Poulin Valerie , Quraishi Fatima , Roach Pamela , Shoniker Tricia , Tuchak Carmen , Mountain Anita , Martin Chelsy , Smith Eric E. ,   the Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations Advisory Committee, in collaboration with the Canadian Stroke Consortium, Canadian Neurological Sciences Federation, and CanStroke Recovery Trials Platform
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations (CSPR) 7th edition includes this new module on the diagnosis and management of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) with or without neurodegenerative disease. An expert writing group and people with VCI lived experience (PWLE) reviewed current evidence. Existing recommendations were reviewed and revised, and new recommendations added. Sections include definitions, signs and symptoms, screening, assessment, diagnosis, pharmacological and non‐pharmacological management, secondary prevention, rehabilitation, and end‐of‐life care. PWLE were actively involved in all aspects of the development, ensuring their experiences are integrated. A unique VCI journey map, developed by PWLE, is included, and helped to motivate and anchor the recommendations. We encourage it to be displayed across healthcare settings to raise awareness and support persons with VCI. These VCI CSBPRs emphasize the need for integrated multidisciplinary care across the continuum. Evidence for the diagnosis and management of VCI continues to emerge and gaps in knowledge should drive future research.Highlights
This Canadian Stroke Best Practice Recommendations module focuses specifically on VCI using a structured framework and validated methodology.
A comprehensive set of evidence‐based recommendations is presented that addresses the continuum from symptom onset to diagnosis, management, and end of life.
The recommendations consider individuals who experience VCI because of stroke or because of other vascular pathologies such as atrial fibrillation or heart failure.
A journey map of an individual's experience with VCI has been developed by individuals with lived experience. It is a valuable guide to inform educational content, approaches to caring for individuals and families with VCI, and systems planning.
Searching for responders to multidomain dementia prevention in late life: A pooled analysis of individual participant data from the MAPT and preDIVA trials
Authors: Coley Nicola , Hoevenaar‐Blom Marieke P. , Shourick Jason , van Charante Eric P. Moll , van Dalen Jan‐Willem , van Gool Willem A. , Richard Edo , Andrieu Sandrine ,   the preDIVA study group and the MAPT/IHU HealthAge Open Science group
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONIt is unknown in which, if any, subgroups of older adults multidomain interventions are effective at reducing long‐term dementia incidence.METHODSWe pooled up to 12 years of follow‐up data from 5205 participants aged > 70 from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT) and Prevention of Dementia by Intensive Vascular Care (preDIVA) studies. The primary outcome was incident all‐cause dementia. Pre‐specified subgroups were defined by dementia risk factors (age, sex, education, apolipoprotein E [APOE] genotype, cognitive status, and cardiovascular risk factors).RESULTSFour hundred eighty‐six participants developed dementia during 37,782 person‐years of follow‐up. Higher incidence was associated with baseline age, APOE ε4 genotype, physical inactivity, Mini‐Mental State Examination, and blood pressure. Multidomain intervention had no effect on incident dementia overall (hazard ratio = 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.80–1.21), or in any pre‐specified subgroup. A recursive partitioning algorithm also did not detect any subgroups, defined by single or multiple risk factors, showing a differential intervention effect.DISCUSSIONWe did not identify any subgroups of older adults in whom multidomain interventions significantly reduced incident dementia.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATIONMAPT: NCT00672685 (clinicaltrials.gov); PreDIVA: ISRCTN29711771 (ISRCTN registry)Highlights
We pooled up to 12 years of follow‐up data from two multidomain prevention trials.
Five thousand two hundred five participants aged ≥ 70 were included.
Subgroups were pre‐defined by modifiable and non‐modifiable dementia risk factors.
A data‐driven recursive partitioning algorithm was also used.
Multidomain intervention did not lower incident dementia overall or in any subgroup.
Neural deterioration and compensation in visual short‐term memory among individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Xie Ye , Zhao Tinghao , Zhang Wei , Chen Qi , Qiu Anqi , Li Yunxia , Ku Yixuan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONVisual short‐term memory (VSTM) is a critical indicator of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but whether its neural substrates could adapt to early disease progression and contribute to cognitive resilience in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) has been unclear.METHODSFifty‐five aMCI patients and 68 normal controls (NC) performed a change‐detection task and underwent multimodal neuroimaging scanning.RESULTSAmong the atrophic brain regions in aMCI, VSTM performance correlated with the volume of the right prefrontal cortex (PFC) but not the medial temporal lobe (MTL), and this correlation was mainly present in patients with greater MTL atrophy. Furthermore, VSTM was primarily correlated with frontal structural connectivity in aMCI but was correlated with more distributed frontal and MTL connectivity in NC.DISCUSSIONThis study provided evidence on neural adaptation in the precursor stages of AD, highlighting the compensatory role of PFC as MTL deteriorated and suggesting potential targets in early intervention for cognitive preservation.Highlights
Atrophic left medial temporal lobe (MTL) no longer correlated with visual short‐term memory (VSTM) in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).
Atrophic right middle frontal area continued to correlate with VSTM in aMCI.
Frontal brain–behavior correlation was mainly present in the aMCI subgroup with greater medial temporal lobe (MTL) atrophy.
Reliance of VSTM on frontal connectivity increased in compensation for MTL dysfunction.
Neuron‐derived extracellular vesicles as a liquid biopsy for brain insulin dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders
Authors: Cleary Jacob Alexander , Kumar Ashish , Craft Suzanne , Deep Gagan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as novel blood‐based biomarkers for various pathologies. The development of methods to enrich cell‐specific EVs from biofluids has enabled us to monitor difficult‐to‐access organs, such as the brain, in real time without disrupting their function, thus serving as liquid biopsy. Burgeoning evidence indicates that the contents of neuron‐derived EVs (NDEs) in blood reveal dynamic alterations that occur during neurodegenerative pathogenesis, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), reflecting a disease‐specific molecular signature. Among these AD‐specific molecular changes is brain insulin‐signaling dysregulation, which cannot be assessed clinically in a living patient and remains an unexplained co‐occurrence during AD pathogenesis. This review is focused on delineating how NDEs in the blood may begin to close the gap between identifying molecular changes associated with brain insulin dysregulation reliably in living patients and its connection to AD. This approach could lead to the identification of novel early and less‐invasive diagnostic molecular biomarkers for AD.Highlights
Neuron‐derived extracellular vesicles (NDEs) could be isolated from peripheral blood.
NDEs in blood reflect the molecular signature of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Brain insulin‐signaling dysregulation plays a critical role in AD.
NDEs in blood could predict brain insulin‐signaling dysregulation.
NDEs offer novel early and less‐invasive diagnostic biomarkers for AD.
Usage patterns of cognitive assessments during Medicare's Annual Wellness Visit: A national survey
Authors: Liu Ying , Ozawa Tabasa , Mattke Soeren 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONMedicare's Annual Wellness Visit (AWV) is a logical opportunity for early detection of cognitive impairment, but recent data for uptake and cognitive assessments during it are lacking.METHODSWe surveyed Medicare beneficiaries of a nationally representative panel about use of AWV and cognitive assessments and analyzed associations between uptake and beneficiaries’ characteristics.RESULTSOf 1871 participants, 80% had an AWV, among whom 31% underwent formal cognitive testing, 35% were asked about memory problems, including 15% having both. Males, rural residents, non‐Hispanic Black beneficiaries, and those having subjective memory problems or a usual source of care were more likely to be probed, but no characteristics were associated with the probability of undergoing cognitive testing.DISCUSSIONUse of structured cognitive assessments did not increase with higher AWV uptake. Concerningly, individuals at higher risk of cognitive impairment were not more likely to be assessed, calling for policy interventions to increase assessment rates.Highlights
Data are lacking on use of cognitive test during Medicare's Annual Wellness Visit (AWV).
Use of structured cognitive tests did not increase with the uptake of the AWV.
Individuals at higher risk of cognitive impairment did not receive more testing.
More high‐risk patients were asked about memory problems despite lack of testing.
Entanglement Routing and Bottlenecks in Grid Networks
Authors: Mannalath Vaisakh , Pathak Anirban 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDistributing entangled states among users is a fundamental problem in quantum networks. Existing protocols like protocol introduced in [npj Quantum Inf. 2019, 5, 76] use graph theoretic tools like local complementation to optimize the number of measurements required to extract any Bell pair among the network users. Such a protocol relies on finding the shortest path between the users. Here, it is established that, in general, the most optimal path to perform the protocol is not along the shortest path. Specific examples of this advantage are provided on networks of size as small as 12 qubits. Bottlenecks in establishing simultaneous Bell pairs in nearest‐neighbor architectures are also explored. Recent results suggesting the unsuitability of the line and ring networks for the implementation of quantum networks due to the bottlenecks are revisited, and using local equivalency relations from graph theory, it's hinted that even grid graphs are not exempted from bottleneck issues. Finally, bottlenecks are simulated in grid graphs of sizes up to . Analysis reveals relative positions within a grid graph that are more susceptible to bottlenecks. It demonstrates the superiority of the protocol along paths that are not shortest paths while avoiding bottlenecks for simultaneous communication requests.
Bio‐Based Mono‐ and Difunctional Phthalonitrile Resin Foams
Authors: Bunton Caleb M. , Sitter James D. , Richardson Tyler J. , Dysart Jennifer L. , Daniels Grant C. , Atoyebi Olufolasade F. , Laskoski Matthew 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe development of two new bio‐based phthalonitrile (PN) resin foams with intrinsic blowing agents is reported. The resins were characterized via attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), pycnometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), rheometry, and compression testing. The porosity of 3‐[4‐(3,4‐Dicyanophenoxy)phenyl]‐2‐propenoic acid‐phthalonitrile CAPN and 3‐[3,4‐di(3,4‐Dicyanophenoxy)phenyl]‐2‐propenoic acid‐phthalonitrile CFPN were calculated to be 0.610 and 0.437 respectively. Thermal and thermooxidative stability was determined for both resins under nitrogen and air environments. CAPN and CFPN displayed final char yields of 67% and 69% under nitrogen environments while the T
d,5% under air environments were 200°C and 360°C respectively. Finally, compression analysis shows the CAPN to be a stiffer material than the larger CFPN foam resin.
Abnormal Demographic Structures May Preclude Population Viability in Isolated Populations of Freshwater Turtles
Authors: Renet Julien , Astruc Guillelme , Priol Pauline , Roy Cédric , Boca François , Besnard Aurélien 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFreshwater turtles are one of the most threatened vertebrate groups in the world, mainly due to the degradation of their habitats. Some species, including the European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis), have been the subject of long‐term monitoring programmes carried out within large, well‐preserved wetlands and based on robust capture–mark–recapture (CMR) protocols. Yet demographic studies of small isolated populations are very scarce. In this study, a highly isolated population of E. orbicularis was intensively monitored in the Durance River Valley in southeastern France over five consecutive years (2013–2017). In total, 153 adult individuals were used to estimate demographic parameters using two different CMR Robust Design model formulations. These models estimated a relatively constant adult population size, annual survival and seniority probability over time, similar for both sexes, but a highly unbalanced sex ratio in favour of females (0.24 male per female on average). The results showed that this isolated population exhibits atypical and little‐known demographic parameters in this species. The highly unbalanced sex ratio in favour of females could be the result of factors impacting sexual determinism during embryonic development. This imbalance could ultimately reduce the reproductive output and increase the risk of extinction of the population. These results highlight the need for both a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the origin of such an imbalance, and in identifying the critical thresholds that must not be crossed to guarantee the viability of sex‐biased populations.
The Unusual Mesophases and Properties Exhibited by a Family of Glycosteroids
Authors: Ali‐Rachedi Fahima , Xavier Nuno M. , Yue Xiaoyang , Chambert Stéphane , Liu Feng , Abbott Laurence C. , Moore John N. , Zeng Xiangbing , Cowling Stephen J. , Queneau Yves , Goodby John W. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this article we describe research on the synthesis and characterization of a family of “Janus” amphiphiles composed of disaccharide head groups and alkaloid units joined together via a methylene linker, and bearing a lateral aliphatic chain of varying length. The condensed phases formed by self‐organization of the products as a function of temperature were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, thermal polarized light microscopy, and small angle X‐ray scattering, allied with computational modelling and simulations. Structural studies on heating specimens from the solid showed that some homologues exhibited lamellar, columnar and bicontinuous mesophases, whereas the same homologues revealed different phase sequences on cooling from the amorphous liquid. We explore these unusual results, which are revealed via supercooling.
Accurate Reconstruction of Right Heart Shape and Motion From Cine‐MRI for Image‐Driven Computational Hemodynamics
Authors: Renzi Francesca , Vergara Christian , Fedele Marco , Giambruno Vincenzo , Quarteroni Alfio , Puppini Giovanni , Luciani Giovanni Battista 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAccurate reconstruction of the right heart geometry and motion from time‐resolved medical images is crucial for diagnostic enhancement and computational analysis of cardiac blood dynamics. Commonly used segmentation and/or reconstruction techniques, exclusively relying on short‐axis cine‐MRI, lack precision in critical regions of the right heart, such as the ventricular base and the outflow tract, due to its unique morphology and motion. Furthermore, the reconstruction procedure is time‐consuming and necessitates significant manual intervention for generating computational domains. This study introduces an end‐to‐end hybrid reconstruction method specifically designed for computational simulations. Integrating information from various cine‐MRI series (short/long‐axis and 2/3/4 chambers views) with minimal user contribution, our method leverages registration‐ and morphing‐based algorithms to accurately reconstruct crucial cardiac features and complete cardiac motion. The reconstructed data enable the creation of patient‐specific computational fluid dynamics models, facilitating the analysis of the hemodynamics in healthy and clinically relevant scenarios. We assessed the accuracy of our reconstruction method against ground truth and a standard method. We also evaluated volumetric clinical parameters and compared them with the literature values. The method's adaptability was investigated by reducing the number of cine‐MRI views, highlighting its robustness with varying imaging data. Numerical findings supported the reliability of the approach for simulating hemodynamics. Combining registration‐ and morphing‐based algorithms, our method offers accurate reconstructions of the right heart chambers' morphology and motion. These reconstructions can serve as valuable tools as domain and boundary conditions for computational fluid dynamics simulations, ensuring seamless and effective analysis.
Enhancing Biomechanical Simulations Based on a Posteriori Error Estimates: The Potential of Dual‐Weighted Residual‐Driven Adaptive Mesh Refinement
Authors: Bui Huu Phuoc , Duprez Michel , Rohan Pierre‐Yves , Lejeune Arnaud , Bordas Stéphane P. A. , Bucki Marek , Chouly Franz 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe finite‐element method (FEM) is a well‐established procedure for computing approximate solutions to deterministic engineering problems described by partial differential equations. FEM produces discrete approximations of the solution with a discretisation error that can be quantified with a posteriori error estimates. The practical relevance of error estimates for biomechanics problems, especially for soft tissue where the response is governed by large strains, is rarely addressed. In this contribution, we propose an implementation of a posteriori error estimates targeting a user‐defined quantity of interest, using the dual‐weighted residual (DWR) technique tailored to biomechanics. The proposed method considers a general setting that encompasses three‐dimensional geometries and model nonlinearities, which appear in hyperelastic soft tissues. We take advantage of the automatic differentiation capabilities embedded in modern finite‐element software, which allows the error estimates to be computed generically for a large class of models and constitutive laws. First, we validate our methodology using experimental measurements from silicone samples and then illustrate its applicability for patient‐specific computations of pressure ulcers on a human heel.
Contextual Information Aggregation and Multi‐Scale Feature Fusion for Single Image De‐Raining in Generative Adversarial Networks
Authors: Zhao Jia , Chen Ming , Pan Jeng‐Shyang , Han Longzhe , Qiu Shenyu , Nie Zhaoxiu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAiming to address issues such as non‐uniform rain density and misjudgment caused by noise in image de‐raining, we propose a single‐image de‐raining method based on a generative adversarial network with contextual information aggregation and multi‐scale feature fusion. First, we design a generator composed of encoding, context information aggregation, and decoding stages. Features are extracted using convolution, while expansion convolution effectively aggregates context information. Transposition convolution is then used to restore the image, enhancing the model's ability to perceive image details and achieve accurate image information judgment and content reconstruction. Second, we design a multi‐scale feature fusion discriminator structure to capture different image details using convolution kernels of different scales and connect feature maps from different scales. This improves the model's ability to understand image details and differentiate between authentic and fake images. Finally, we propose a new refinement loss function to reduce grid artifact generation and add Lipschitz constraints to further minimize the imaging gap. In this paper, peak signal‐to‐noise ratio and structural similarity are used as evaluation criteria, and experiments conducted on real and synthesized rain maps demonstrate the superior rain removal performance of the proposed method.
Enhanced IPv6 Addressing Scheme: Irreversible Elegant Pairing for Reconnaissance Attack Prevention
Authors: Pragya  , Kumar Bijendra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn scenarios where network resources are restricted, IPv6 addresses are frequently allocated to devices via SLAAC‐based EUI‐64 addressing to ensure their uniqueness. The consistent interface identifier (IID) resulting from this approach across networks poses a vulnerability to diverse reconnaissance attacks, encompassing activities like tracking locations, correlating network actions, scanning addresses, and targeting specific devices and so on. In response to this concern, our study introduces an innovative addressing strategy by utilizing the elegant pairing function. This technique ensures the creation of IPv6 addresses that are both nonpredictable and unique and effectively counteracts various reconnaissance attacks. Through empirical assessment, our proposed method achieves a 100% address success rate (ASR), effectively mitigating reconnaissance attacks without introducing additional communication overhead or heightened energy consumption.
Comprehensive Review and Meta‐Analysis of Psychological and Pharmacological Treatment for Intermittent Explosive Disorder: Insights From Both Case Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Liu Fangqing , Yin Xiaoshan , Jiang Wenting 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntermittent explosive disorder (IED) is characterized by sudden, disproportionate outbursts of anger that can severely impact individuals' quality of life, causing difficulties in maintaining relationships, issues at work or school and potential legal troubles. This study aimed to systematically review and meta‐analyse the effectiveness of psychological and pharmacological treatments for IED, drawing insights from both case studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). A total of 12 RCTs and 14 case studies were included in this comprehensive analysis. The meta‐analysis revealed that psychological treatments, particularly cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), showed significant effectiveness in reducing aggression and achieving full remission compared to pharmacological treatments. However, the latter, notably fluoxetine, demonstrated notable efficacy in managing irritability and achieving treatment response. Subgroup analysis identified follow‐up time and intervention type as significant moderators of treatment outcomes. The systematic review of case studies highlighted the successful application of deep brain stimulation (DBS) and various off‐label medications, including SSRIs and mood stabilizers, in managing IED symptoms. Despite these insights, the study emphasizes the need for more robust evidence‐based treatment protocols and further research into the underlying mechanisms of IED to develop targeted treatments.