bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The five-item modified frailty index predicts long-term outcomes in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Ogata Toshiro , Sadakari Yoshihiko , Nakane Hiroyuki , Koikawa Kazuhiro , Kanno Hiroki , Kohata Ryo , Endo Kayoko , Tsukahara Takao , Shimonaga Koichiro , Kaneshiro Kazuhisa , Hirokata Gentaro , Aoyagi Takeshi , Tsutsumi Chiyo , Taniguchi Masahiko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground.Frailty has been globally recognized as a predictor of adverse postoperative outcomes. A frailty assessment using the five-factor modified frailty index (5-mFI) has recently gained traction; however, long-term outcomes are unknown in colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. This study aimed to investigate whether the 5-mFI predicted long-term survival and cause of death based on severity of frailty in elderly patients with CRC surgery, as well as to determine risk factors for mortality.Methods.A total of 299 patients underwent CRC surgery with curative intent between January 2013 and December 2017. Patients were divided into three groups based on 5-mFI score: group 1 (5-mFI: 0, 1; n=164) with no frailty, group 2 (5-mFI: 2; n=91) with moderate frailty, and group 3 (5-mFI≥3; n=44) with severe frailty. Clinicopathological variables, including comorbidity, 5-mFI, prognostic nutrition index, operative/postoperative data, and outcome, including cause of death, were compared among the three groups. To identify factors associated with death from CRC and non-CRC-related causes, univariate and multivariate analyses using the Cox regression model were performed.Results.The immediate postoperative morbidity of patients with Clavien-Dindo grades of III or greater (9.1%) in group 3 was not significantly different from that in group 1 (9.1%) or group 2 (14.3%); however, the 30-day mortality rate (4.5%) in group 3 was significantly higher. Long-term disease-free survival was similar among frailty groups, suggesting that CRC surgery provides oncological benefit to patients irrespective of frailty. The 5-year survival rates in groups 1, 2, and 3 were 83.5%, 71.2%, and 47.9%, respectively, showing a significantly lower survival rate as frailty advanced. Sixty percent of deaths in frail patients were primarily from respiratory failure and cardiovascular diseases. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that advanced age, higher 5-mFI, and longer postoperative hospital stay were risk factors for mortality unrelated to CRC. Multivariate analysis also revealed that advanced tumor stage, CEA>5 ng/ml, undifferentiated tumor and R1 resection were risk factors for CRC death.Conclusion.The 5-mFI can be a predictor of postoperative short- and long-term outcomes and risk factors for mortality unrelated to CRC. In addition, long-term survival was shown to be negatively associated with the 5-mFI score.
The urine urease activity as a lab method to diagnose kidney stone formation in children with urolithiasis
Authors: Sagymbayeva Assel , Merkusheva Natalya , Bulegenova Minira , Abekenov Bakitzhan , Musabalina Anar , Kussainov Abay 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: To study the clinical efficiency of the urine Urease Activity (UA) test to diagnose kidney stones formation in children with urolithiasis. The prospective observational study was conducted at the Scientific Centre of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery (Almaty, Kazakhstan). This study included 80 patients: 40 patients with urolithiasis and 40 conditionally healthy children. The urine UA, standard urinalysis, and special methods of urine examination have been carried out for all patients. The clinical efficiency of the urine UA test was determined after comparison it with other lab tests and severity of urolithiasis among the different subgroups. The urine UA was correlated with the standard urinalysis. Patients with the high UA, between 110 and 400 mmol/l, also had the high numbers of WBC 187 [32-292], RBC 17 [3-34], and bacteria >105. These patients had most severe symptoms of urolithiasis including an inflammation. At the same time, low UA (0-50 mmol/l) were recorded for the patients with the mild symptoms. High level of UA was observed only in urine samples with phosphate and ammonium biurate crystals. The main bacterial pathogens in these cases were Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The values of UA were determined for the different types of crystals and uropathogens as well.
Conclusion: The urine UA is the clinically efficient test for the diagnosis of kidney stone formation and reflects the presence of active urease-forming bacteria in urine, that contributes to the formation of the infected stones.
Tigecycline causes loss of cell viability mediated by mitochondrial OXPHOS and RAC1 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Koch Dominik Thomas , Yu Haochen , Beirith Iris , Schirren Malte , Drefs Moritz , Liu Yunfei , Knoblauch Mathilda , Koliogiannis Dionysios , Sheng Weiwei , De Toni Enrico N. , Bazhin Alexandr V. , Renz Bernhard W. , Guba Markus O. , Werner Jens , Ilmer Matthias 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Despite recent advances in locoregional, systemic, and novel checkpoint inhibitor treatment, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still associated with poor prognosis. The feasibility of potentially curative liver resection (LR) and transplantation (LT) is limited by underlying liver disease and a shortage of organ donors. Especially after LR, we are dealing with high recurrence rates, and circulating tumor cells are a major cause of extrahepatic recurrence. Tigecycline, a commonly used glycylcycline antibiotic, has been shown to have antitumorigenic effects and could be used as a perioperative and adjuvant therapeutic strategy to target circulating tumor cells. We aimed at investigating the effect of tigecycline on HCC cell lines and its mechanisms of action.
Methods: Huh7, HepG2 cells, and immortalized hepatocytes underwent incubation with clinically relevant tigecycline concentrations, and the influence on proliferation, migration, and invasion was assessed in two- and three-dimensional in vitro assays, respectively. Bioinformatic analysis was used to identify specific targets of tigecycline. The expression of RAC1 was detected using western blot and RT-PCR. 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) was utilized to measure reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation upon tigecycline treatment. FACS was used to detect alterations in the cell cycle and changes in mitochondrial function were detected via seahorse analysis.
Results: Tigecycline treatment resulted in a significant reduction of mitochondrial function, which preceded the observed loss of HCC cell viability. The sensitivity of HCC cells to tigecycline treatment was higher than that of immortalized non-cancerous THLE-2 hepatocytes, indicating a selective antitumoral efficacy. Tigecycline inhibited both migration and invasion. Bioinformatic analysis identified RAC1 as a possible target for tigecycline and the expression of this molecule was increased in both HCC as a result of tigecycline treatment. Tigecycline also caused decreased ROS production and an S-phase cell cycle arrest.
Conclusion: Our study provides evidence for the antiproliferative effect of tigecycline in HCC. We show for the first time that this effect, likely to be mediated by reduced OXPHOS, is associated with increased expression of RAC1. The selective effect of tigecycline on HCC cells versus normal hepatocytes represents the rationale for the possible use of this agent in cancer treatment.
Health impacts of a disaster among older adults and its association with endemic disease: Evidence from Longitudinal Ageing Survey of India (LASI), 2017-18
Authors: Dwivedi Sumit Narayan , Shri Neha , Singh Saurabh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The emergence of infectious diseases in the era of globalization and urbanization has become a bottleneck in efforts aimed at reducing the burden associated with various communicable and non-communicable diseases. Moreover, the risk of having an infectious disease is further exacerbated by climate change, and natural disasters, combined with severe poverty and poor access to health services. This study aims to identify the risk factors affecting the emergence of endemic diseases among the Indian older adult population with an emphasis on individual health impacted by disasters.
Data & Methods: This study utilizes data from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Survey of India, 2017-18 with an eligible sample of 66,606 individuals aged 45 years and above. Binary logistic regression analysis and the Fairlie decomposition technique were used to understand the factors affecting endemic disease and to predict the contribution toward rural-urban inequality in disease prevalence.
Results: Overall prevalence of endemic disease in the country was 26% with the burden of these diseases being substantially higher among females, rural residents, and unimproved water and sanitation. The prevalence of endemic disease was 48% among individuals whose health was affected by the disaster and 25% among those whose health was not affected by the disaster. The Odds Ratio (ORs) of having endemic disease among disaster-affected older adultswas found to be uniformly higher in rural areas [OR: 2.6 (2.2,3.0)] than in urban areas [OR: 1.84 (1.4,2.5)]. In the adjusted model, the risk of endemic disease among disaster-affected older adults in rural areas was 2.17 times and 1.42 times higher in urban areas than individuals without any health impact of a disaster.
Conclusion: Efforts aimed at education on hygiene and hand-washing, and provisions of safe water and sanitation will significantly contribute to reducing the public health burden. Preparedness in disaster-prone areas, training the health and local community, efficient resource allocation, and identification and management of the particular disease will help minimize disease transmission.
Thirty-five-year timber harvesting disturbance effects on composition and biomass of Nyssa-Taxodium forested wetlands, southwest Alabama, USA
Authors: Every Cora , Aust Michael , Carter David R. , Coates T. Adam , Schilling Erik B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Thirty-five years post-harvest, effects of harvest disturbances upon tree composition and aboveground biomass were evaluated in a Nyssa aquatica (water-tupelo)-Taxodium distichum (baldcypress) bottomland. The study site, along the Tensaw River, is within the Mobile-Tensaw River Delta in southwest Alabama. Nine replications of four disturbances were evaluated: no harvest reference (REF), clearcutting with helicopter removal (HELI), HELI combined with skidder extraction simulation (SKID), and HELI combined with broadcast spray (glyphosate) of sprouts and seedlings for two years (GLYPH). Thirty-five years post-treatment, species, diameter at breast height (DBH; 1.37 m) and total tree height were measured at monumented sample plots and converted to aboveground biomass. Clip plots were installed for herbaceous and woody stems shorter than DBH. Results indicate that HELI and SKID treatments remain on a trajectory to produce species composition and volume similar to REF. GLYPH lacked adequate coppice regeneration and regenerated from seedbanks and flood and wind disseminated seed, thus the treatment has succeeded from an herbaceous freshwater marsh to an open woodland/savanna community. The GLYPH treatment emphasizes the importance of coppice for rapid tree regeneration and the need for coppice success on sites having altered hydrology. This research further demonstrates the capacity for long-term recovery of forested wetland ecosystems following harvest. Furthermore, several site/stand factors favored stand regeneration, including adequate initial stocking of species capable of stump sprouting, intact hydrology with annual sediment deposits, shrink-swell soils, nearby seed sources and flood tolerances of original species acted collectively to favor rapid recovery from both HELI and SKID disturbances.
Weakly supervised detection and classification of basal cell carcinoma using graph-transformers on whole slide images
Authors: Yacob Filmon , Siarov Jan , Villiamsson Kajsa , Suvilehto Juulia T , Sjöblom Lisa , Kjellberg Magnus , Neittaanmäki Noora 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The high incidence rates of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cause a significant burden at pathology laboratories. The standard diagnostic process is time-consuming and prone to inter-pathologist variability. Despite the application of deep learning approaches in grading of other cancer types, there is limited literature on the application of vision transformers to BCC on whole slide images (WSIs). A total of 1831 WSIs from 479 BCCs, divided into training and validation (1434 WSIs from 369 BCCs) and testing (397 WSIs from 110 BCCs) sets, were weakly annotated into four aggressivity subtypes. We used a combination of a graph neural network and vision transformer to 1) detect the presence of tumor (two classes), 2) classify the tumor into low and high-risk subtypes (three classes), and 3) classify four aggressivity subtypes (five classes). Using an ensemble model comprised of the models from cross-validation, accuracies of 93.5%, 86.4%, and 72% were achieved on two, three, and five class classifications, respectively. These results show high accuracy in both tumor detection and grading of BCCs. The use of automated WSI analysis could increase workflow efficiency and possibly overcome inter-pathologist variability.
Nutrient uptake status and peanuts yield as a consequence of the cobalt and chelated zinc applications under different irrigation schemes
Authors: Elshamly Ayman M.S. , Nassar Saad M.A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Water stress is the most detrimental stress which has significantly affected the yield particularly in arid climates. It is quite important to provide peanuts with a suitable supplement that can enhance its resistance and yield. Therefore, the current study aims to study the efficacy of cobalt and zinc on peanuts growth, yield, nutrient contents, and water use under full and limited irrigation conditions. For this purpose, a split- split plot experiment was conducted in 2021 and 2022. Three levels of peanuts gross water requirements (GWR) (100, 80 and 60%) were allocated in the main plots. In the sub plots, the plants were treated with cobalt (0 and 7.5 mg l-1). While the sub-sub plots were divided to tested the impacts of chelated zinc as (foliar and soil applications).
Under GWR60% we detected marked reductions in yield and it was found that the adoption of separate soil applications of zinc under these conditions or foliar applications of zinc under GWR100&80%, had a significant impact on the most examined traits. However, compared to the control, adopting GWR60% and applying separate cobalt application thereof have significantly led to a lowest decline in iron, copper, yield and water use. Moreover, it was found adoption of foliar zinc applications in a combination with cobalt under GWR60% improved yield.
This study recommend adopting GWR60% and treating plants with combined applications of foliar zinc+ soil application of cobalt, which could help plants overcome the negative impacts of water stress and achieve the highest yield and water use.
WITHDRAWN: SIRT6 inhibits platelet activation and thrombosis by regulating PCSK9/MAPK signaling
Authors: Liu Yanli , Xin Guang , Li Fan , Wang Yilan , Li Shiyi , Dong Yuman , Zhang Kun , Feng Lijuan , Zhang Boli , Huang Wen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
SIRT6 regulate metabolism related cardiovascular disease, however, whether SIRT6 is involved in thrombosis remains unclear. Immunoblotting result showed that the expression of SIRT6 in activated platelets was significantly lower than resting platelets. By using laser speckle with the mice receiving saline or SIRT6 agonist injection, we demonstrated that SIRT6 are required for platelet thrombus formation following FeCl3-induced arteriolar injury. To confirm a mechanistic role for SIRT6 in regulating platelet function and arterial thrombosis, we used SIRT6 knockout mice (SIRT6-/-) to verify the effect of SIRT6 deficiency on platelet activation and thrombosis in vitro and vivo. The results showed that SIRT6 deletion significantly increased platelet aggregation, release of dense particles as well α-particles, integrin αIIBβ3 activation and thrombosis, then SIRT6 abolished the effects of platelet activation and thrombosis. In a FeCl3-induced thrombosis model, we found that compared with WT mice, SIRT6-/- mice showed a significant contraction in time to occlusion. To eliminate the contribution of cells other to thrombosis formation, adoptive transfer experiments were carried out using isolated platelets, further indicated the importance of platelet SIRT6 in thrombosis. Mechanologically, we demonstrated that SIRT6 inhibits the potential of extracellular signal regulated kinase MAPK, which is associated with the PCSK9 and CD36 to enhance platelet activation. Taken together, these findings reveal the important role of SIRT6 in platelet function and thrombosis, and suggest that SIRT6 is a potential target for anti-thrombotic therapeutic intervention.
Genome Characterization of a Turkish Bovine Rotavirus Field Isolate by Shotgun Metagenomics
Authors: AKSOY Emel , Azkur Ahmet Kursat 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Bovine rotavirus (BRV) which is the leading viral agent of neonatal calf diarrhea. In recent years, the use of shotgun metagenomics has emerged as a powerful tool for the detection and characterization of viruses. In the present study, BRV was isolated on MA-104 cells from feces of a neonatal calf with diarrhea and shotgun metagenomics was performed in order to obtain whole genome of BRV isolate. From nine sequenced segments, five segments encoding VP1, VP6, NSP3, NSP4, and NSP5/6 proteins was sequenced in full-length and four segments encoding the VP2, VP3, VP7, and NSP2 proteins was sequenced partially and are deposited in GenBank. Sequences of 9 out of 11 segments of BRV can be gained from metagenomics and the BRV isolate which is named as “RVA/Cow-tc/TUR/KIRSEHIR/2019/G10P[X]” is genotyped as G10-P[X]-I2-R2-C2-M2-AX-N2-T6-E2-H3. The VP1 and VP7 nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the present virus are conserved among Turkish BRV strains. Moreover, the VP2 gene/protein was genetically close to a number of RVA strains of cat and dog. Interestingly, for the NSP4 gene/protein, many equine rotaviruses from Japan and feline rotaviruses were found to be similar to KIRSEHIR strain. Although the highest nucleotide identity for NSP5/6 gene was with buffalo rotaviruses, amino acid identity and similarity were highest with human rotaviruses. Additionally, the study found that the present virus had some variations in its amino acid sequences and findings from amino acid sequence identity and similarity are almost compatible with nucleotide sequences. Our results suggested that the present bovine RVA field isolate might be genetic ancestor of canine, equine and feline rotaviruses and support the findings of previous studies about interspecies transmission.
Comparison of two sedation protocols for long electroretinography in horses using the Koijman electrode
Authors: Corradini Ignacio , López-Murcia María , Barba Marta , Zebarjadian Sina , Rodilla Vicent , Mayordomo-Febrer Aloma 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Nowadays in addition to work and transport, horses are also used for competition and pleasure riding purposes. For all these activities vision has a critical role. Electroretinography is the most used test to diagnose diseases of the retinal outer segment. There is a wide variety of devices to perform the electroretinography being the main differences in the corneal electrode and the light stimulation. The Koijman electrode has been tested in dogs but not in horses. The main purpose of this study was to compare electroretinography parameters from horses sedated with detomidine alone or in combination with butorphanol, during a standardized protocol using the Koijman electrode and RETI-port® system. Seven mares, were allocated to the detomidine (D) and detomidine-butorphanol (DB) group in a randomised, controlled, crossover study. Friedman's and Willcoxon-signed ranked tests were used to compare the electroretinogram (ERG) parameters. A Student t-test was used to compare differences in the number of artefacts and valid values obtained under both sedation protocols.
Results
Dark adaptation peaked at 16 minutes in both groups. No significant differences in ERG parameters between both groups were observed. During the mixed rod and cone response evaluation under scotopic conditions, most mares made a movement of the head resulting in a high number of artefacts. The DB group showed a non-significant tendency to have fewer artefacts and a longer duration of sedation compared to the D group.
Conclusions
The Koijman electrode and the RETI-port® can be used to perform a standardized long protocol in horses with some adaptations.
Preliminary assessment of the water quality of Rushikulya estuary based on the abundance of pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Panda Bhubaneswari , Sundaray Lokeshwara , Mishra Ankita , Palai Subhadarshani , Padhi Sanjukta Rani , Patro Shesdev , Mohanty Pratap Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Present study is the first ever investigation on water quality based on pathogenic bacterial abundance in the Rushikulya estuary, east coast of India. Analysis of water and sediment samples collected from the Rushikulya estuary during monsoon and post-monsoon indicates seasonal variability along with dominance of pathogenic bacteria in sediment as compared to water. Further, higher abundance of pathogenic bacteria during monsoon suggests the significant role of monsoonal discharge. The study reveals a close association between water quality parameters like (BOD, SiO4 and PO4) and abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Total Streptococcus, Fecal Coliform). Meanwhile abundance of E. coli, FC and SHLO, both in water and sediment, were found maximum in Rushikulya estuary when compared to other estuarine ecosystems of India. Considering Rushikulya estuarine environment as one of the world-famous Olive Ridley turtle nesting habitats, deterioration of water quality associated with pathogenic bacterial abundance is a major concern and needs immediate attention.