bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discrimination Experiences and All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality: Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Lawrence Wayne R. , Jones Gieira S. , Johnson Jarrett A. , Ferrell Koya P. , Johnson Jacquita N. , Shiels Meredith S. , Diez Roux Ana V. , Forde Allana T. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Epidemiologic studies have documented the associations between experiences of discrimination and adverse health outcomes. However, the relationship between discrimination and mortality, and the factors that may moderate this relationship are not well understood. This study examined whether lifetime and everyday discrimination were associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and whether these associations differed by race and ethnicity, gender, and racial and ethnic residential segregation.

Methods:

The study included 1633 Black, 1403 Hispanic/Latino, and 2473 White participants aged 45 to 84 years from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, enrolled from 2000 to 2002 and followed across 5 exams (2002–2018). Discrimination was measured using the lifetime discrimination (major experiences of unfair treatment) and everyday discrimination (day-to-day experiences of unfair treatment) scales. Racial and ethnic residential segregation was measured using the
Gi*
statistic. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, health behaviors, and clinical risk factors.

Results:
Each increase in reports of lifetime discrimination was associated with increased all-cause (HR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.00–1.11]) and cardiovascular (HR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.04–1.27]) mortality, adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and clinical risk factors. Associations between lifetime discrimination and cardiovascular mortality were observed across all racial and ethnic groups but were strongest and only statistically significant among Black participants (HR, 1.18 [95% CI, 1.02–1.37]). Additionally, in the fully adjusted model, each increase in reports of everyday discrimination was strongly associated with increased cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.21 [95% CI, 1.03–1.43]). Associations for lifetime and everyday discrimination with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were not modified by race and ethnicity, gender, or racial and ethnic residential segregation.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that experiences of discrimination are associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
The Publishing Process of the First Series of Karl Marx’s Le Capital (February–October 1872)
Authors: Hemmerechts Kenneth , Echeverria Vicente Nohemi Jocabeth 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The French translation of Das Kapital volume I, a work of political economy published in 44 instalments arranged in series, has an important place in the œuvre of Karl Marx. With Le Capital, Marx wanted to bring out a rendition of volume I that would appeal to the French public, and particularly to the workers. The publishing process of the first series of Le Capital took shape in the wake of the Paris Commune, which resulted in a wave of revolutionaries leaving France. Despite its importance, there are few reports that attempt to reconstruct Le Capital’s publishing process to reveal the course of events. This includes the writing, translating, editing and printing of this work. In the present text, we offer an account of how the publishing process evolved in order to better understand the working conditions that shaped the content of this French translation. We wish to concentrate on what is perhaps one of the most contentious phases in the process of publishing Le Capital, namely that of the first series.
Review of Melolontha Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from India with the description of two new species
Authors: GUPTA DEVANSHU , KEITH DENIS , BHUNIA DEBIKA , DAS PRIYANKA , GHOSH JOYJIT , CHANDRA KAILASH 
Published: April 2023

The genus Melolontha Fabricius, 1775 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from India is reviewed. Two new species, Melolontha arunachalensis Gupta, Keith, Bhunia, Das, Ghosh & Chandra, new species and Melolontha lachungensis Gupta, Keith, Bhunia, Das, Ghosh & Chandra, new species are described. Melolontha chinensis Guérin-Méneville, 1838 is reported for the first time from India. Taxonomic notes on the identification of previously known species of Melolontha from India are provided, together with a key to the species (males).
Parent involvement in child anthropometric measurement
Authors: Rae Sarah , Ong Frank , Dennis Cindy-Lee , Hamilton Jill , Pullenayegum Eleanor , Maguire Jonathon , Birken Catherine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Young children are often accompanied by their parent/caregiver when attending primary healthcare visits, where clinical procedures such as anthropometric measurements are conducted. Parents are not typically involved in their child’s anthropometric measurement collection, and there are no recommendations for parental involvement during visits. The objective of this study was to describe parents’ experiences with being involved in their child’s anthropometric measurements.

Methods
A 10-question survey comprised of scaled and open-ended questions was self-administered to participants after child anthropometric measurement collection including length/height, weight, head, arm, and waist circumference. Survey data were analyzed using a general inductive approach and thematic analysis. Surveys were collected in participating TARGet Kids! primary care practice sites in Toronto, Canada. Survey respondents included 30 parents of children < 2 years of age, and 30 parents of children 2–5 years of age.

Results
76% of parents with children aged < 2 years and 93% of those with children aged 2–5 years rated their overall experience in being involved in their child’s anthropometric measurement as enjoyable or thoroughly enjoyable. Analysis of open-ended survey questions revealed five themes: [1] parent interest in child growth; [2] ease of anthropometric measurement; [3] extended clinic visit; [4] child discomfort; and [5] interest in participating in research.

Conclusion
Parents reported a high degree of enjoyment in being involved in their child’s anthropometric measurements. Parent participation in anthropometric measurement may improve parental satisfaction with children’s primary healthcare. Future research may include assessing the reliability of measurements taken with the support of a parent/caregiver.
Recurrent prescription of sleep medication among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes: an observational study of real-world registry data
Authors: Heikkala Eveliina , Jokelainen Jari , Mikkola Ilona , Auvinen Juha , Hagnäs Maria 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Little knowledge exists on the prevalence of recurrent sleep medication prescriptions among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our aims were to examine the prevalence of recurrent sleep medication prescriptions and to elucidate the most often prescribed sleep medications in a Finnish primary care T2D population.

Methods
The study examined 4,508 T2D patients who consulted a primary health care center between 2011 and 2019 in Rovaniemi, Finland. All the data were retrieved from patient records, and recurrent sleep medication was defined as two or more prescriptions within the study period. We used the Chi-square and Kruskal–Wallis tests to compare patients who did and did not have recurrent sleep medication prescriptions.

Results
Altogether 28.1% of the T2D patients had been prescribed recurrent sleep medication. Benzodiazepine-like medication, melatonin, and mirtazapine were most often prescribed (to 56.9%, 44.4%, and 35.8%, respectively). Only 22.0% of the patients with recurrent sleep medication prescriptions had been diagnosed with a sleep disorder.

Conclusions
Recurrent sleep medication prescriptions are frequent among primary care T2D patients. It seems that sleep disorders are underdiagnosed in relation to this. Primary care clinicians should carefully estimate the need for sleep medication when treating T2D patients’ sleep problems and emphasize the diagnostic patterns of sleep problems.
Vascular features around the optic disc in familial exudative vitreoretinopathy: findings and their relationship to disease severity
Authors: Liu Shuai , Zhao Hongwei , Huang Liuhui , Ma Cuixia , Wang Qiong , Liu Lei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a rare congenital disorder of retinal vascular development. We aimed to study the vascular characteristics around the optic disc in neonates with FEVR and the relationship with disease severity.

Methods
A retrospective, case-control study including 43 (58 eyes) newborn patients with FEVR at stages 1 to 3 and 30 (53 eyes) age-matched normal full-term newborns was conducted. The peripapillary vessel tortuosity (VT), vessel width (VW) and vessel density (VD) were quantified by computer technology. The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) algorithm was used to visualize the relationship between the severity of FEVR and the characteristics of perioptic disc vascular parameters.

Results
The peripapillary VT, VW and VD were significantly increased in the FEVR group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that VW and VD increased significantly with progressing FEVR stage (P < 0.05). And only VT in stage 3 FEVR was significantly increased compared with stage 1 and stage 2 (P < 0.05). After controlling the confounders, ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that the VW (aOR: 1.75, P = 0.0002) and VD (aOR: 2.41, P = 0.0170) were significantly independent correlated with the FEVR stage, but VT (aOR: 1.07, P = 0.5454) was not correlated with FEVR staging. Visual analysis based on the t-SNE algorithm showed that peri-optic disc vascular parameters had a continuity along the direction of FEVR severity.

Conclusions
In the neonatal population, there were significant differences in peripapillary vascular parameters between patients with FEVR and normal subjects. Quantitative measurement of vascular parameters around the optic disc can be used as one of the indicators to assess the severity of FEVR.
Early asymptomatic graft failure in coronary artery bypass grafting: a study based on computed tomography angiography analysis
Authors: Han Zengqiang , Zhang Guodong , Chen Yu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Asymptomatic graft failure after coronary bypass grafting surgery (CABG) may have negative impact on the patients’ short- and long-term outcomes. Cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA) has been proved to be another choice to detect graft failure besides coronary artery angiography in several studies. We aimed to identify the rate and predictors of asymptomatic graft failure detected by CTA before discharge.

Methods and results
A total of 955 grafts of 346 consecutive asymptomatic patients who received CTA examination after CABGs were included in this retrospective study from July 2017 to Dec 2019. We divided 955 grafts into the patent group and occluded group by CTA results. Logistic regression model at graft-level were established to determine predictors of the early asymptomatic graft occlusion. The overall asymptomatic graft failure rate was 4.71% (45/955), and there was no difference between the arterial and venous conduits in different target territories (P > 0.05). The logistic regression at graft-level analysis showed that female (OR 3.181, CI 1.58–6.40, P = 0.001), composite grafting (OR 6.762, CI 2.26–20.28, P = 0.001), pulse index value (OR 1.180, CI 1.08–1.29, P < 0.001) and new postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) (OR2.348, CI 1.15–4.78, P = 0.018) were independent risk factors that affect graft failure, while early postoperative dual-antiplatelet treatment with aspirin and clopidogrel was a protective factor (OR 0.403, CI 0.19–0.84, P = 0.015).

Conclusions
Early asymptomatic graft failure is associated with both patient and surgical factors including female gender, high PI value, composite graft strategy and the new POAF. However, the early dual- antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel may be useful for preventing graft failure.
Some new parameterized Newton-type inequalities for differentiable functions via fractional integrals
Authors: Ali Muhammad Aamir , Goodrich Christopher S. , Budak Hüseyin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe main goal of the current study is to establish some new parameterized Newton-type inequalities for differentiable convex functions in the setting of fractional calculus. For this, first we prove a parameterized integral identity involving fractional integrals and then prove Newton-type inequalities for differentiable convex functions. It is also shown that the newly established parameterized inequalities are refinements of the already proved inequalities in the literature for different choices of parameters. Finally, we discuss a mathematical example along with a plot to show the validity of the newly established inequalities.
Machine learning based customer churn prediction in home appliance rental business
Authors: Suh Youngjung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCustomer churn is a major issue for large enterprises. In particular, in the rental business sector, companies are looking for ways to retain their customers because they are their main source of revenue. The main contribution of our work is to analyze the customer behavior information of actual water purifier rental company, where customer churn occurs very frequently, and to develop and verify the churn prediction model. A machine learning algorithm was applied to a large-capacity operating dataset of rental care service in an electronics company in Korea, to learn meaningful features. To measure the performance of the model, the F-measure and area under curve (AUC) were adopted whereby an F1 value of 93% and an AUC of 88% were achieved. The dataset containing approximately 84,000 customers was used for training and testing. Another contribution was to evaluate the inference performance of the predictive model using the contract status of about 250,000 customer data currently in operation, confirming a hit rate of about 80%. Finally, this study identified and calculated the influence of key variables on individual customer churn to enable a business person (rental care customer management staff) to carry out customer-tailored marketing to address the cause of the churn.
Gluconic acid improves performance of newly weaned piglets associated with alterations in gut microbiome and fermentation
Authors: Michiels Joris , Truffin Damien , Majdeddin Maryam , Van Poucke Mario , Van Liefferinge Elout , Van Noten Noémie , Vandaele Mario , Van Kerschaver Céline , Degroote Jeroen , Peelman Luc , Linder Pierre 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Weaning is a critical phase in the pigs’ life and gut health might be compromised. Gluconic acid was shown to be poorly absorbed but readily fermented to butyrate in the gut which in turn can improve gut function. Hence, a total of 144 weaning pigs were fed the experimental diets for 42 days. Three treatments were replicated in 8 pens with 6 piglets each: control; low dietary dose of gluconic acid, 9 g/kg; and high dietary dose of gluconic acid, 18 g/kg. After 21 days, one piglet from each pen was sampled for blood haematology and biochemistry, fore- and hindgut digesta characteristics and microbiota, and distal small intestinal histo-morphological indices and gene expression.

Results
Feeding gluconic acid enhanced performance in period d 0–14 post-weaning, in particular feed intake was increased (P = 0.028), though the high dose did not show benefits over the low dose. Regarding d 0–42, feed intake was elevated (P = 0.026). At d 21, piglets fed 18 g/kg gluconic acid showed a trend for lower number of total white blood cells (P = 0.060), caused by particularly lower numbers of lymphocytes as compared to control (P = 0.028). Highly reduced plasma urea was found for groups fed gluconic acid, it amounted to 2.6 and 2.6 mmol/L for the 9 and 18 g/kg level, respectively, as compared to 3.8 mmol/L in control (P = 0.003). Feeding gluconic acid promoted the relative abundance of lactic-acid-producing and acid-utilizing bacteria. In distal small intestine, Lactobacillus amylovorus increased substantially from 11.3 to 82.6% for control and gluconic acid 18 g/kg, respectively (P < 0.05). In mid-colon, the butyrate producers Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (P > 0.05) and Megasphaera elsdenii (P < 0.05) showed highest abundance in gluconic acid 18 g/kg. Consequently, in caecum and mid-colon, increased relative molar percentage of butyrate were found, e.g., 10.0, 12.9 et 14.7% in caecum for gluconic acid at 0, 9, and 18 g/kg, respectively (P = 0.046). Elevated mRNA anti-inflammatory cytokine and survival signalling levels in distal small intestinal mucosa were found by feeding gluconic acid which might be mediated by butyrate.

Conclusions
Gluconic acid may have potential to alleviate the postweaning growth-check in pigs by altering microbiota composition and fermentation in the gut.
Dynamic portfolio choice with uncertain rare-events risk in stock and cryptocurrency markets
Authors: Lv Wujun , Pang Tao , Xia Xiaobao , Yan Jingzhou 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn response to the unprecedented uncertain rare events of the last decade, we derive an optimal portfolio choice problem in a semi-closed form by integrating price diffusion ambiguity, volatility diffusion ambiguity, and jump ambiguity occurring in the traditional stock market and the cryptocurrency market into a single framework. We reach the following conclusions in both markets: first, price diffusion and jump ambiguity mainly determine detection-error probability; second, optimal choice is more significantly affected by price diffusion ambiguity than by jump ambiguity, and trivially affected by volatility diffusion ambiguity. In addition, investors tend to be more aggressive in a stable market than in a volatile one. Next, given a larger volatility jump size, investors tend to increase their portfolio during downward price jumps and decrease it during upward price jumps. Finally, the welfare loss caused by price diffusion ambiguity is more pronounced than that caused by jump ambiguity in an incomplete market. These findings enrich the extant literature on effects of ambiguity on the traditional stock market and the evolving cryptocurrency market. The results have implications for both investors and regulators.
Dalit in Black America
Authors: Yengde Suraj 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article theorizes the gravitas of historical solidarity through a budding Dalit-Black archive. It looks at intersections of race and caste projects within the African American public sphere through an anchoring lens of concern for Dalits in India. The Black universalist vision exercised through media encompassed Dalit ontology and body politic as queering. Through “sibling solidarity,” it expanded the conceptual identification of similar conditions as opposed to an emphasis on sameness or likeness to build solidarity. Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, untouchability and colonialism were two prisms through which the Black public sphere reorganized its internationalism, often drawing on race-caste analogies to describe the complicated patterns of post-slavery society and to imaginatively formulate potential communities across diverse geographies. The foremost Dalit figure B. R. Ambedkar was an important reference point. His moves and strategies were reported in the African American press and intellectuals and leaders drew inspiration from his works. It is through Ambedkar that archives of Dalit-Black struggles were built, and in recent years Ambedkar has resurfaced as part of a growing interest in challenging dominant narratives of solidarity between the Black elite and Indian dominant castes. By informing contemporary discourses of race and caste with their more particular histories, we might build new social imaginaries founded not on an identification as sameness but rather through a feeling of relation/relatedness with another.
A Preoperative Scoring System to Predict Function-Based Resection Limitation Due to Insufficient Participation During Awake Surgery
Authors: Elia Angela , Young Jacob S. , Simboli Giorgia Antonia , Roux Alexandre , Moiraghi Alessandro , Trancart Bénédicte , Al-Adli Nadeem , Aboubakr Oumaima , Bedioui Aziz , Leclerc Arthur , Planet Martin , Parraga Eduardo , Benevello Chiara , Oppenheim Catherine , Chretien Fabrice , Dezamis Edouard , Berger Mitchel S. , Zanello Marc , Pallud Johan 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Failure in achieving a function-based resection related to the insufficient patient's participation is a drawback of awake surgery.

OBJECTIVE:
To assess preoperative parameters predicting the risk of patient insufficient intraoperative cooperation leading to the arrest of the awake resection.

METHODS:
Observational, retrospective, multicentric cohort analysis enrolling 384 (experimental dataset) and 100 (external validation dataset) awake surgeries.

RESULTS:
In the experimental data set, an insufficient intraoperative cooperation occurred in 20/384 patients (5.2%), leading to awake surgery failure in 3/384 patients (ie, no resection, 0.8%), and precluded the achievement of the function-based resection in 17/384 patients (ie, resection limitation, 4.4%). The insufficient intraoperative cooperation significantly reduced the resection rates (55.0% vs 94.0%, P < .001) and precluded a supratotal resection (0% vs 11.3%, P = .017). Seventy years or older, uncontrolled epileptic seizures, previous oncological treatment, hyperperfusion on MRI, and mass effect on midline were independent predictors of insufficient cooperation during awake surgery (P < .05). An Awake Surgery Insufficient Cooperation score was then assessed: 96.9% of patients (n = 343/354) with a score ≤2 presented a good intraoperative cooperation, while only 70.0% of patients (n = 21/30) with a score >2 presented a good intraoperative cooperation. In the experimental data set, similar date were found: 98.9% of patients (n = 98/99) with a score ≤2 presented a good cooperation, while 0% of patients (n = 0/1) with a score >2 presented a good cooperation.

CONCLUSION:
Function-based resection under awake conditions can be safely performed with a low rate of insufficient patient intraoperative cooperation. The risk can be assessed preoperatively by a careful patient selection.