bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing the basics of engineering thinking In schoolchildren using the TRIK Studio environment and/or based on the Arduino platform
Authors: Levushkina A. S. 
Published: January 2025

Today, one of the most important tasks of Russian education is the popularization of engineering and technological knowledge among schoolchildren, the professional orientation of young people to obtain engineering specialties. Such guidelines for the education system are due to the particular importance of engineering training for the Russian economy, and the increased attention of the state to the scientific and technological literacy of young people.On September 1, 2022, a new Federal State Educational Standard for Basic General Education came into force, and for students in 5–9th grades the study of robotics became mandatory in the discipline "Technology" (previously, children studied robotics only in clubs and engineering lyceums).For more effective development of robotics and mastering the basics of engineering sciences, we propose to include an integrated robotics module in the study of the "Algorithms and programming" section of the informatics course. Teaching robotics at informatics lessons can be implemented using the TRIK Studio environment and/or based on the Arduino platform to develop the foundations of engineering thinking.The article presents materials for conducting lessons in the TRIK Studio environment, and also describes projects that can be implemented on the Arduino platform.
PEMBERIAN PACLOBUTRAZOL DAN PUPUK KANDANG AYAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN TERONG UNGUi(Solanum melongena L.)
Authors: TRI MELIANA  , Triyono Kharis , Sumarmi Sumarmi 
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari pelaksanaan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dosis optimal paclobutrazol untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi terong ungu, untuk mengidentifikasi dosis terbaik kotoran ayam untuk pertumbuhan dan hasil terong ungu, dan untuk mengevaluasi interaksi antara paclobutrazol dan kotoran ayam terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil terong ungu (Solanum melongena L.). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) dengan 2 faktor perlakuan dan 3 replikasi. Faktor pertama adalah aplikasi paclobutrazol dengan 3 tingkatan: P0 = Tanpa paclobutrazol, P1 = Paclobutrazol 200 ppm/tanaman, dan P2 = Paclobutrazol 400 ppm/tanaman. Faktor kedua adalah aplikasi kotoran ayam dengan 3 tingkatan: K0 = Tanpa kotoran ayam 0 ton/ha, K1 = Kotoran ayam dengan dosis 20 ton/ha, dan K2 = Kotoran ayam dengan dosis 40 ton/ha. Hasil penelitianya ialah menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi paclobutrazol 200 ppm dan 640 g kotoran ayam per tanaman menghasilkan hasil pertumbuhan terbaik, dengan tinggi tanaman 55,33 cm dan 60,67 daun. Selain itu, kombinasi yang sama menghasilkan hasil hasil terbaik dengan 10,00 buah per tanaman, berat buah 288,22 g, dan berat panen per petak 8,70 kg. pemberian perlakuan kotoran ayam dan paclobutrazol secara signifikan berdampak pada setiap aspek terukur dari pertumbuhan dan hasil terong ungu.
KONSENTRASI PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR DAN PUPUK DAUN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN ANGGREK (Dendrobium sp)
Authors: Nurul Latif Ika , Siswadi Siswadi , Ratna Nurhayati Dewi 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini berjudul Uji Konsentrasi Pupuk Organik Cair dan Pupuk Daun Terhadap Pertumbuhan Anggrek (Dendrobium sp) penelitian anggrek Dendrobium dengan jenis tanaman anggrek den betty rose purple, dilaksanakan di kebun Raja Bunga Anggrek Bandungan, Kabupaten Semarang, Jawa Tengah, pada bulan November 2023 hingga Januari 2024. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh konsentrasi pupuk organik cair dan pupuk daun terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman anggrek Dendrobium. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Pupuk organik cair yang diguanakan yaitu pupuk dengan merek RBA, serta pupuk daun yang digunakan yaitu pupuk dengan merek gaviota. Data yang digunakan dengan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan hasil diinterpretasikan melalui uji beda nyata jujur (BNJ) pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, lebar daun dan jumlah akar. Dalam penelitian dengan hasil yang menunjukkan adanya kombinasi penggunaan pupuk organik cair dengan konsentrasi 10 ml/liter dan pupuk daun pada konsentrasi 2 gr/liter berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, lebar daun dan jumlah akar.
Pengaruh Masa Kerja Terhadap Kadar Timbal (Pb) Dalam Urine Petani Padi Di Kalurahan Sidoluhur Kabupaten Sleman
Authors: Lestari Dwi Kandi Ayu , Martuti Sri 
Published: January 2025

Timbal atau plumbum (Pb) adalah jenis logam berat yang umumnya dikenal sebagai timah hitam. Timbal dapat masuk ke dalam tubuh manusia terutama melalui sistem pernapasan, sedangkan penyerapan melalui kulit sangat sedikit dan bisa diabaikan. Terdapat indikasi keberadaan timbal dalam pestisida, karena pestisida cair dibuat dengan melarutkan bahan aktif dengan pelarut seperti xylene, naftalene dan kerosene. Pelarut yang menggunakan kerosene atau minyak tanah adalah hasil distilasi minyak mentah dan zat pengangkut seperti kaolin, kapur, pasir dan tanah liat dicampur dalam formulasi pestisida, yang mengandung logam berat timbal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh masa kerja terhadap kadar timbal dalam urine petani padi di Kalurahan Sidoluhur Kabupaten Sleman. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode quasi eksperiment dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Balai Laboratorium Kesehatan dan Kalibrasi DIY. Sampel penelitian menggunakan purposive sampling sebanyak 10 sampel petani padi. Metode pemeriksaan kadar timbal menggunakan sampel urine petani padi dengan metode AAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dari 10 sampel memiliki kadar timbal yang normal. Kesimpulan penelitian ini tidak terdapat pengaruh masa kerja terhadap kadar timbal (Pb) dalam urine petani padi di Kalurahan Sidoluhur Kabupaten Sleman.
Mewujudkan Peserta Didik SMP Negeri 1 Dusun Selatan Berprestasi dan Berkarakter Melalui Program Kemitraan
Authors: Majidah Nurul 
Published: January 2025

Tujuan dari penulisan best practices ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan implementasi program kemitraan yang dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 1 Dusun Selatan Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023 dan mendeskripsikan dampak program kemitraan yang dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri 1 Dusun Selatan Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023. Implementasi program kemitraan di SMP Negeri 1 Dusun Selatan diawali dengan perencanaan yang meliputi analisis kekurangan dan kelebihan SMP Negeri 1 Dusun Selatan, diperoleh kesimpulan pada tahun sebelumnya belum ada kemitraan. Setelah dilakukan tindakan dengan mengimplementasikan kemitraan dengan orang tua diperoleh hasil yang sangat signifikan, dimana banyak peserta didik yang memiliki prestasi di bidang akademik dan non akademik.
Waktu Fermentasi Asam Asetat oleh Isolat Acetobacter aceti dalam Substrat Produk Residu Gracilaria sp
Authors: Ilfathoniyah Aulia , Ahmad Syauqi  , Ramadhan Majida 
Published: January 2025

Utilizing macroalgae plant waste is maximized to reduce the negative impact on the environment. The crude fibre content in Gracilaria sp species as waste from the sortation results of the industrial segment needs can be increased the its value. Environmental conservation form for Gracilaria sp waste is usefull as organic matter and processing needs namely substrate in fermentative activity. This study aims to determine whether plant residues from macroalgae waste Gracilaria sp can be processed into acetic acid and to study variations in the duration of acetic acid fermentation in substrates from plant residual products using Acetobacter aceti cell isolates. This study used a quantitative descriptive method to measure the results of the fermentation process of the acetic acid content. The fermentation process was performed at different time variations of 7.10 and 13 days. Acetobacter aceti inoculum concentration used in this study was 9%. The chemical analysis for determining alcohol content and sugar using UV-Vis spectrophotometry technique, acetic acid with the titration method, and pH testing. The residual product of macroalgae Gracilaria sp waste can be processed into acetic acid and ethanol fermentation using Saccharomyces cerevisia yeast. The yield from the fermentation of Acetobacter aceti cells on day 13 had an acetic acid content of 5.11%, alcohol of 0.71% and sugar of 0.056%.
Keywords: Acetic Acid, Fermentation, Plant Residues.
Pemanfaatan limbah tumbuhan jenis makro alga diupayakan maksimal untuk mengurangi pengaruh buruk bagi lingkungan. Kandungan serat kasar spesies Gracilaria sp dari limbah hasil sortir kebutuhan pada segmen industri dapat ditingkatkan nilainya. Bentuk konservasi lingkungan untuk limbah Gracilaria sp adalah pemanfaatan sebagai bahan organik dan perlu pengolahan yaitu substrat aktivitas fermentatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui residu tumbuhan dari limbah makro alga Gracilaria sp dapat diolah menjadi asam asetat dan mempelajari lama variasi waktu lama fermentasi asam asetat dalam substrat produk residu tumbuhan dengan menggunakan isolat sel bakteri Acetobacter aceti. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif untuk mengukur hasil proses fermentasi yaitu kadar asam asetat. Proses fermentasi dilakukan dengan variasi waktu yang berbeda yaitu 7,10 dan 13 hari. Konsentrasi inokulum Acetobacter aceti yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 9%. Analisis kimia menggunakan metode spektrofotometri UV-Vis untuk etanol dan gula, penentuan asam asetat dengan metode titrasi, dan uji pH. Produk residu limbah makro alga Gracilaria sp dapat diolah menjadi asam asetat dengan tahapan fermentasi etanol menggunakan ragi roti Saccharomyces cerevisia. Kadar asam asetat hasil fermentasi sel A aceti pada hari ke 13 mempunyai kadar asam asetat 5,11% alkohol 0,71% gula 0,056% .
Kata kunci: Asam asetat, Fermentasi, Residu Tumbuhan
Analysis of the Implementation of the Legalization of Customary Law Communities (MHA) in North Lombok Regency
Authors: Jemarut Wihelmus , Dwi Ratna Kamala Sari Lukman  , Ni Nyoman Ernita Ratnadewi  , Ni Wayan Sridiani  
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Customary Law Communities (MHA) determination in North Lombok Regency (KLU), focusing on government actions, community responses, and encountered obstacles. This research employs an empirical legal research method. It was conducted from May to September 2024 through observation, interviews, and a literature review. Informants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The study results show that determining MHA in KLU has only been completed at the Identification stage. The KLU MHA Identification Team identifies 13 (thirteen) Customary Law Communities (MHA): Bayan, Pansor, Salut, Wet Pengorong Amor-Amor, Wet Sesait, Kuripan, Pemaru Satan, Gubuk Bebekeq, Leong, Meleko, Orong Empak Pansan, Wet Sokong, and Jeliman Ireng. The thirteen aforementioned communities follow the criteria outlined in Article 6, Paragraph (6) of the North Lombok Regency Regional Regulation (PERDA KLU) No. 6 of 2020. The biggest obstacle in this process is the unavailability of technical guidance and the absence of definite work targets from the local government. The recommendation from the results of this study is that the KLU Regent who will be elected for the 2024-2029 period needs to include the MHA determination program in the KLU Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD). Incorporating this program into the Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD) document will ensure structured budgeting, develop technical guidelines, and measurable targets for effective implementation.
Curing modes affects micro-tensile bond strength and durability of dual curing resin cements to dentin
Authors: Li Zimeng , Yan Xiaoyuan , Toufani Negin , Sano Hidehiko , Fu Jiale 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTo evaluate the effects of curing modes on the micro-tensile bond strength and durability of 6 different dual curing resin cements to dentin.Methods84 human molars were divided into 7 groups (n = 12), and were further distributed into two subgroups according to the two curing modes: light-curing (L) and self-curing (D) (n = 6). The 6 dual-cured resin cements were: DU (Duolink, Bisco), TC (TheraCem, Bisco), MS (Multilink Speed, Ivoclar), N3 (Nexus 3 Universal, Kerr), R2 (RelyX U200, 3M) and RU (RelyX Ultimate, 3M). The universal adhesives were: All Bond Universal (Bisco); Adhesive Universal Vivapen (Ivoclar); Optibond Versa Adhesive (Kerr); Scotch Bond Universal Adhesive (3M). RU was placed directly on processed adhesive layer without light-curing, set as group 7. Micro-tensile bond strength test was carried out after 37°C water storage for 24 h, 3 months and 6 months, respectively. Three-way ANOVA and Games-Howell test were performed by SPSS 19.0 (α = 0.05).ResultsThe Three-way ANOVA indicated that bonding performance was significantly affected by curing mode (p = 0.000, F = 1,237.510), resin cement (p = 0.000, F = 59.507) and storage time (p = 0.000, F = 97.888). The interaction of these three factors was significant (p = 0.017, F = 2.071).ConclusionThe bonding strength and durability of dual curing resin cements were significantly improved by light-curing process. In addition, the bonding strength of resin cements with different experimental condition was material depended. Among all tested resin cements, N3 exhibits the most favorable outcomes.Clinical RelevanceA dual curing procedure is recommended in clinical application. Among all tested resin cements, N3 exhibits the most favorable outcomes.
Formononetin promotes porcine oocytes maturation and improves embryonic development by reducing oxidative stress
Authors: Wang Na , Yang Han , Chen Yelei , Wang Hekun , Wang Chaorui , Fan Jianglin , Chen Yajie , Li Yinghua , Zhu Maobi 
Published: January 2025

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that oxidative stress impairs oocyte maturation and embryonic development. Conventionally, antioxidants have been applied in vitro systems to improve oocyte maturation and blastocyst rates. Formononetin (FMN) is a flavonoid that has been shown to have various pharmacological effects, including antioxidants. In this study, we delved into the impact of FMN, acting as an antioxidant, on the in vitro development of oocytes and blastocysts within the culture system. FMN supplementation at 0.5 μM enhanced the rate of first polar body extrusion and blastocyst formation post parthenogenetic activation. It also increased mitochondrial function and ATP levels, reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species, and elevated intracellular GSH levels in both oocytes and embryos. Moreover, FMN significantly decreased autophagy and apoptosis levels in blastocyst cells, potentially via regulation of the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway. This is the first study to report that FMN supplementation benefits the in vitro culture of oocytes and early embryo development, potentially by regulating oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, and autophagy.
Impact of high hemoglobin levels on carotid artery intima–media thickness and its predictive value for hypertension in high-altitude areas: a real-world study
Authors: Hongyu Long , Ga Long , Yiqian Zhang , Qiuyu Xu , Kemin Li , Maiyongcuo Qing , Min Xiong 
Published: January 2025

Background and purposeThe hemoglobin levels in the peripheral blood of individuals living at high altitudes are significantly higher than normal levels. These levels are closely associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between hemoglobin levels in the peripheral blood and hypertension in high-altitude regions, providing a basis for preventing and treating primary hypertension in these regions.Materials and methodsFrom May 2020 to May 2021, patients diagnosed with primary hypertension in plateau regions of China were selected as participants. The clinical data, including lifestyle habits and blood biochemical indicators, were collected from the clinical case database for patients meeting the inclusion criteria. The logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors influencing carotid intima–media thickness in patients with primary hypertension in plateau regions. The ROC curve was plotted to analyze the impact of peripheral blood hemoglobin levels on hypertension, determine the hemoglobin threshold for predicting hypertension in plateau areas, and evaluate the predictive value of hemoglobin level for hypertension.ResultsA total of 200 patients (105 men with an average age of 64.8 ± 12.75 years and 95 women with an average age of 69.5 ± 11.54 years) were enrolled in this study. Logistic regression analysis revealed that age, CO2-CP, ALT, APOB, CRP, and HGB were independent risk factors for increased carotid artery intima–media thickness (P &lt; 0.05). The hemoglobin threshold for predicting hypertension in high-altitude areas was 131 g/L. The area under the ROC curve for predicting hypertension with elevated hemoglobin level was 0.799 (0.719–0.880).ConclusionElevated hemoglobin levels contribute to the thickening of the carotid artery intima–media layer and hold predictive value for high-altitude hypertension.
Mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the third member of Palaeogene Dongying formation in the Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin: implications for controlling on organic matter accumulation
Authors: Yin Shiyan , Yao Aidong , Cheng Jianzhong , Lei Chuang , Wang Zhaosheng , Zhang Zhenguo , Zhang Ying , Wang Yu , Han Xiaoying , Ma Zhigang 
Published: January 2025

Introduction and MethodsTo identify the unconventional shale oil exploration potential of the third member of the Palaeogene Dongying Formation (Ed3) in the Nanpu Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, variations in paleoclimate and paleoenvironment and their influence on organic matter accumulation were investigated through analyzing mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of forty-nine mudstone samples.ResultsResults show that the Ed3 mudstones exhibit strong heterogeneity with the organic carbon content ranging from 0.30% to 2.66%, petroleum potential yield ranging from 0.44 to 11.41 mg/g, and hydrogen index ranging from 57 to 466 mg/g TOC, which are dominated by mixed kerogen and low maturity to maturity. Multiple mineralogical and geochemical proxies suggest that the semi-humid to semi-arid paleoclimate during the Ed3 period governed the fluctuations of paleoenvironmental elements. From bottom to top, the paleowater depth varied in an order of shallow water, deep water, and shallow water, respectively, and the corresponding paleosalinity of brackish water, fresh water, and brackish waterr, respectively. Water column evolved from weak oxidation to weak reduction, and then to weak oxidation, respectively. Two development models of the Ed3 mudstones under semi-humid to humid and semi-arid to arid climate were summarized based on the influence of paleoenvironmental elements on organic matter supply and preservation/degradation in sediments. Mudstones were deposited in a deep-water environment with high primary productivity under the semi-humid to humid climate. The mixed aquatic and terrigenous organic matte were efficiently preserved in stratified and reduced water columns, resulting in high organic matter accumulation. Nevertheless, mudstones were developed in a shallow-water environment with medium primary productivity under the semi-arid to arid climate. Here, aquatic organic matter was oxidized and degraded in the oxidation condition, leading to low organic matter accumulation.DiscussionThe exploration of unconventional shale oil in the Ed3 member of Nanpu Sag should focus on the organic-matter-rich mudstones developed in the humid climate.
The relationship between cardiometabolic Index and diabetic kidney disease in people with diabetes
Authors: Kong Jianping , Tao Wenting , Sun Yuhong , Xu Yong , Li Hailun , Li Jing 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionStudies have shown a strong correlation between the cardiometabolic index (CMI) and health issues such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, and decreased renal function. Nevertheless, the correlation between CMI and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains ambiguous. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between CMI and DKD in patients with diabetes in the United States.MethodsThe study involved individuals who were part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2003 and 2018. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was employed for investigating the correlation between CMI and DKD. The study employed Generalized Additive Models (GAM) and smooth curve fitting methods for investigating the nonlinear relationship between CMI and DKD. Two-stage regression analysis was applied for investigating threshold effects in the connection between CMI and DKD. In addition, subgroup analysis and interaction tests were also carried out.ResultsThis analysis included a total of 6,540 adults with diabetes. After adjusting for variables including age, sex, race, education level, smoking status, household income and poverty rate, body mass index, hypertension status, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, serum albumin, and serum globulin, we discovered a significant connection between CMI levels and the risk of DKD (OR=1.11, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.17, p&lt;0.0001). Individuals with varying smoking statuses showed variations in this connection according to subgroup analysis and interaction tests (p for interaction=0.0216). Conversely, this correlation appeared similar across different genders, ages, races, BMI categories, hypertension statuses, and insulin usage among people with diabetes (all p for interaction &gt;0.05). A nonlinear relationship existed between CMI and DKD, with threshold analysis indicating a turning point at CMI=1.7. A positive correlation was observed between CMI levels in people with diabetes and the risk of DKD when CMI exceeded 1.7.ConclusionThe risk of DKD was significantly positively correlated with the CMI levels of people with diabetes. Further larger prospective studies are required to confirm our results.