bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of disturbance index on spring ecosystem and its policy implementation
Authors: Barman Prabir , Ghosh Jayanta , Deb Sourabh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Spring water acts as sources of fresh water for the people Northeastern states. With increasing human population and intensity of human interventions at the vicinity of the springs, both the quality and quantity of springs has been affected. The water quality, socioeconomic and disturbance status of three springsviz. Longtharai spring, Binoy Kumar spring and Larai Kappa spring of Tripura, Northeast India were investigated. The Water Quality Index value ranged from 28.9 to 54.6 and Human Disturbance Index varied from 32.75 to 44.30. The recorded temperature range was 29.7–30.7°C and turbidity value was above the standard value for Larai Kappa spring only i.e., 7.51 NTU. The poor water quality in Larai kappa spring might be due to higher disturbance index and also influence by the location of the spring, population and the sum of activities surrounding the springs. The result clearly shows the impact of human activities on spring ecosystem and suggested strategies and policy intervention for sustainable spring management.
Ecofeminism or Techno-centrism? Analysing the Gender-Environment concoction in the Anthropocene: A Study of OECD countries
Authors: Wani Inayat Ullah , Khanday Ishfaq Nazir , Haseen Shaukat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Women’s participation and technological innovation have a crucial role in ensuring ecological stability and environmental sustainability in the long-run. However, their relationship with environmental sustainability is an ongoing debate with diverse opinions across the continuum. The present study focuses on the empirical relevance of this debate based on the theoretical underpinnings of ecofeminism and techno-centrism, using panel data on 37 OECD countries for the period 1990–2019. The paper employs the Pedroni test to check for cointegration among the variables, Pooled Mean Group (PMG) to estimate the model, and the Dumitrescu-Hurlin test to investigate the pairwise causality among the variables. The study constructs two models, based on ecofeminism and techno-centrism and finds that both gender employment equality and R&D expenditure, which represent the ecofeminist and techno-centric arguments respectively, have a negative and significant impact on environmental degradation measured by the ecological footprint. This suggests that equality of women in the labour markets and technological innovation through R&D expenditure are both potential tools for ensuring environmental sustainability. The empirical estimation also confirms the existence of an N-shaped environmental Kuznets curve between economic growth and environmental degradation in the case of selected OECD countries in both ecofeminist and techno-centric models.
The 2023 Mw7.8 Kahramanmaraş, Turkey Earthquake: A Multi-segment Rupture in A Millennium Supercycle
Authors: Meng Lingsen , Xu Liuwei , Mohanna Saeed , Ji Chen , Ampuero Jean-Paul , Yunjun Zhang , Hasnain Masooma , Chu Risheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
An Mw 7.8 earthquake occurred on the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) and the secondary Narlı Fault (NF) on Feb 6, 2023, closely followed by an Mw 7.5 event on the Sürgü Fault 9 hours later. We analyze the distant and local seismic data, high-rate GPS recordings, and radar satellite images by Slowness Enhanced Back-Projection and joint Finite Fault Inversion for the Mw 7.8 event to resolve its rupture process. The rupture first initiates and propagates on the NF. After reaching the junction with the EAF, it propagates bilaterally on the EAF, extending 120 km to the northeast at 3.05 km/s and 200 km to the southwest at 3.11 km/s. The southwest speed is further verified by local seismic recordings and the absence of Mach surface wave characteristics. Compared with the EAF, the NF features denser seismic activity in recent decades, suggesting that it was more favorable for rupture nucleation. The EAF segments where the largest coseismic slip occurred have been relatively quiescent since the late 1800s. But the coseismic slip is much larger than the slip deficit accumulated during this period, which could be attributed to an ~900-year supercycle. The EAF geometry is similar to other active fault systems, such as the San Andreas Fault (SAF) and San Jacinto Fault (SJF). Considering high slip rates, resemblant supercycle mode, and the lack of large earthquakes on the southern SAF and SJF since 1857, an M8 earthquake could potentially occur there if most moment accumulation is released at once.
Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 along the Evolution of Pandemic
Authors: Zhang Yuan , You Chong , Gai Xin , Zhang Hao , Lydeamore Michael , Yin Peng , Qi Jinlei , Zhou Maigeng , Liu Jianhua , Zhou Xiao-Hua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Over the past three years, we have gained some understanding of the transmission mechanisms of COVID-19. One of the key findings that experts have agreed on is that household transmission is an important pathway for the pandemic. However, most studies on the transmission patterns of COVID-19 focus on the community transmission only, while the equally important study on household transmission has lagged behind. We developed a stochastic dynamic model motivated by the cluster growth algorithm in Erdös–Rényi Random Graph to differentiate the COVID-19 transmission within households from that in the community by noting only a small fraction of the total susceptible population, replenished dynamically by the community transmission events, are indeed vulnerable to household transmission. Thus the model allowed us to the role and characteristics of household transmission within the full framework of virus transmission, beyond the intrinsic characteristics of household transmission. It was then applied to a comprehensive individual-level pandemic dataset collected in Yichang, China. Our findings showed that household transmission accounted for 25.1% and 38.5% of total infections before and during the lockdown, respectively, and that 80.9% of infections were unavoidable. Our model suggests that household-level contact tracing could have reduced the number of infections by over 50% and advanced the clearance date of active infection by 72 days. This model can be used to fit COVID-19 data outside Yichang or other infectious diseases, though modifications might be needed.
Microfluidic Devices for Precise Measurements of Cell Directionality Reveal a Role for Glutamine during Cell Migration
Authors: Gural Nil , Irimia Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cancer cells that migrate from tumors into surrounding tissues are responsible for cancer dissemination through the body. Microfluidic devices have been instrumental in discovering unexpected features of cancer cell migration, including the migration in self-generated gradients and the contributions of cell-cell contact during collective migration. Here, we design microfluidic channels with five successive bifurcations to characterize the directionality of cancer cell migration with high precision. We find that the directional decisions of cancer cells moving through bifurcating channels in response to self-generated epidermal growth factor (EGF) gradients require the presence of glutamine in the culture media. A biophysical model helps quantify the contribution of glucose and glutamine to cancer cell orientation during migration in self-generated gradients. Our study uncovers an unexpected interplay between cancer cell metabolism and cancer cell migration studies and may eventually lead to new ways to delay cancer cell invasion.
The influence of gender and age in driving ability: an analysis of average and extreme behaviours.
Authors: Baione Fabio , Biancalana Davide , Menzietti Massimiliano 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In 2012 the European Court of Justice introduced the ban on differentiating car
insurance premiums for gender to avoid gender inequality. This paper deals with a
gender analysis of driving ability by investigating the relationship between gender
and the relative total claim amount in Motor Third Party Liability insurance, also
considering the effect of age. Leveraging on a two-part model based on parametric
quantile regression, we want to investigate the average behaviour of drivers and
the tail behaviour in order to highlight the importance of dispersion and largest
claims. As a consequence, the purpose of our contribution is to study how gender
and age can influence the entire probability distribution of the insurance claim
with a particular focus on the quantiles with high probability levels, which are
very important indicators to determine the effective riskiness of an insured. We
apply our model to an Australian insurance dataset; our results suggest that man
are in general riskier in terms of both average and extreme behaviour.
Australian, Irish, and Swedish women’s comfort levels when breastfeeding in public
Authors: Gallagher Louise , Brady Vivienne , Kuliukas Lesley , Dykes Charlotta , Rubertsson Christine , Hauck Yvonne 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Despite a flux of global initiatives to increase breastfeeding, disparate rates persist. The decision to commence and sustain breastfeeding is influenced by a myriad of variables, not least by the prospect of breastfeeding in public. Feelings of social embarrassment, shame, fear of judgement, and lack of confidence when breastfeeding in public, compound women’s decisions to breastfeed, and may result in formula feeding or early cessation of breastfeeding. A greater understanding of where and how women feel most comfortable when breastfeeding in public may assist in designing interventions to support the initiation and continuation of breastfeeding.Methods A cross-sectional survey was undertaken with women living in Ireland, Australia, or Sweden who were currently breastfeeding or who had breastfed within the previous two years. Our objective was to explore where, and how often women breastfeed in public and to compare women’s levels of comfort when breastfeeding in public. Data were collected in 2018 using an anonymous online survey over a four-week period in Ireland, Australia, or Sweden and were analysed using SPSS Version 25.Results Most respondents were well educated and the largest groups of respondents in each country were first time mothers. Seeing women breastfeed in public did vary and was more common in Sweden and Australia compared to Ireland. Most women in the participating countries breastfed in public whenever their baby needed feeding and very few women never or rarely breastfed in public. In terms of location, coffee shops/cafes, restaurants and parks were most popular. In all three countries, partners reported as supportive of breastfeeding in public and this added to breastfeeding women’s comfort levels. Comfort levels were very consistent across the three countries with women reporting higher levels of comfort when feeding with strangers than with those known to them.Conclusion This research offers important insights into the experiences and comfort levels of women breastfeeding in public. Limitations include the anonymous nature of the surveys, thus preventing follow-up, in addition to the variances in terminology used to describe locations across the three settings. Recommendations are made for research to determine the relationships between the frequency of breastfeeding in public and breastfeeding women’s perceived comfort levels, the influence of family members’ perceptions of breast feeding in public and women’s experiences, and the experience of women who feel uncomfortable while breastfeeding in public with a view to developing support measures.
Dose-response associations of maternal prenatal noise exposure duration with antepartum depression status
Authors: Hu Jiajin , Liu Borui , Liu Yilin , Wan Ningyu , Li Lin , Zheng Lu , Wang Xiaochuan , Yang Zhe , Ma Yanan , Liu Caixia , Qiao Chong , Wen Deliang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Antepartum depression has been reported to be associated with the intensity of maternal prenatal noise exposure; however, the association between noise exposure duration and the development of antepartum depression has not been established. This study aimed to determine the total and trimester-specific association of prenatal noise exposure duration with the development of antepartum depression.Methods In a prospective pre-birth cohort study, we repeatedly assessed pregnant women’s noise exposure and antepartum depression status during each of the three trimesters. We calculated a cumulative noise exposure score ranging from 0 to 3, with a higher score reflecting higher frequency and longer duration of noise exposure during pregnancy.Results Women who were exposed to noise for ≥ 15 minutes per day had an increased risk of antepartum depression compared with women who were not exposed to noise during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) = 2.03, 95%CI:1.35, 3.05]. Noise exposure in a specific trimester was associated with higher risk of depression in the same trimester and subsequent trimesters. We observed positive monotonic increases in antepartum depression risk with increasing cumulative noise exposure scores (P for trend < 0.001 for all). Pregnant women with the highest scores had the highest risk of antepartum depression during the first (OR = 1.38, 95%CI:1.10, 1.72), second (OR = 1.66, 95%CI:1.20, 2.30) and third trimesters (OR = 1.89, 95%CI:1.27, 2.81), as well as during the whole pregnancy (OR = 2.12, 95%CI:1.37, 3.28).Conclusions Maternal prenatal noise exposure duration was positively associated with antepartum depression risk in a dose-response manner. It is necessary to develop strategies by which pregnant women can avoid excessive exposure to noise to prevent antepartum depression.
Reproductive potentials of task-shifting workers in a queenless ant
Authors: Tanaka Yasunari , Oguchi Kohei , Miyazaki Satoshi , Maekawa Kiyoto , Shimoji Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Eusocial insects, such as ants and honeybees, are characterized by the sophisticated division of labor among workers. In addition to age polyethism, under fluctuating environmental conditions, division of labor is maintained by task shifting of workers from one task to another if there are insufficient workers performing a certain task. Although several studies show that workers can perform task-shifting in many hymenopteran species, the physiological state of task-shifted workers is largely unknown without a few species. In this study, we examined the relationship between the ovarian development of workers and their task shifting using the queenless ant Diacamma cf. indicum from Japan. Our results showed that most of the nurses maintained their reproductive potential—as evidenced by their well-developed ovaries—even when they had shifted to the foraging task. In contrast, the foragers—whether they had shifted to the nursing task or not—had regressed ovaries. Combined with our previous study, the reproductive potential of workers mediates different effect of task experience on task shifting between nurses and foragers. Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of physiological heterogeneity underlying self-organized systems in insect societies.
A nomogram predicting pneumonia after cardiovascular surgery: A retrospective modeling study
Authors: Wang Kuo , Zhang Hai-Tao , Chen Wei , Fan Fu-Dong , Pan Jun , Zhou Qing , Pan Tuo , Wang Dong-Jin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
Postoperative pneumonia (PoP) is the most prevalent of all nosocomial infections in patients underwent cardiovascular surgery. The aim of this study was to identify independent risk factors for pneumonia after cardiovascular surgery, from which we attempted to construct a nomogram for prediction.
Methods:
Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for PoP in patients underwent cardiovascular surgery. We constructed a nomogram based on these independent risk factors. Model discrimination was assessed via area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), and calibration was assessed via calibration plot.
Results:
A total of 105 events occurred in the 1188 cases. Age (>55 years) (OR: 1.83, P=0.0225), preoperative malnutrition (OR: 3.71, P<0.0001), diabetes with insulin (OR: 2.33, P=0.0036), CPB > 135 min (OR: 2.80, P<0.0001), moderate to severe ARDS (OR: 1.79, P=0.0148), use of ECMO or IABP or CRRT (OR: 2.60, P=0.0057) and MV > 20 hours (OR: 3.11, P<0.0001) were independent risk factors for PoP. Based on those independent risk factors, we constructed a simple nomogram with an AUC of 0.82. Calibration plots showed good agreement between predicted probabilities and actual probabilities.
Conclusion:
We constructed a facile nomogram for predicting pneumonia after cardiovascular surgery with good discrimination and calibration
Order Scheduling Optimization in Manufacturing Enterprises Based on MDP and Dynamic Programming
Authors: wulan qiqige 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the era of Industry 4.0, order scheduling is a crucial link in the production of manufacturing enterprises. In view of order scheduling in manufacturing enterprises, a finite horizon MDP (Markov decision process) model is proposed in this work based on two sets of equipment and three types of orders with different production lead times to maximize the revenue in manufacturing production systems. Then, the dynamic programming model is incorporated into the optimal order scheduling strategy. Python is employed to simulate the order scheduling in manufacturing enterprises. Based on survey data, the superiority of the proposed model compared to traditional FCFS (first come, first served) order scheduling is verified by experimental cases. Finally, sensitivity analysis is conducted on the longest service hours of the devices and the order completion rate to explore the applicability of the proposed order scheduling strategy.
Assessing different hydroponic subsystems for Batavia lettuce growth under different planting density treatments
Authors: Çekin Demet , El-Gabry Hamis , Lothmann Ricarda , Hassan Nayira , Hassanen Mariam , Hassanen Mostafa , Sewilam Hani 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hydroponic systems have the potential for being one of the most promising sustainable alternative methods of food production, where they confer the advantages of producing higher yields with better control over plant growth. The main purpose of this study is to determine differences in growth rates, sensory attributes and nutrient uptake upon growing lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in various hydroponic subsystems at two different plant spacings. We investigated the interaction of different effects on lettuce growth in four hydroponic subsystems, Deep Water Culture ((DWC), Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), Media- Bed system (MB) and Sandponic (SP), at two different plant densities, at narrow planting spacings (20 x25 cm), and larger planting spacings (24 x 25 cm). Our findings show that cultivation methods and planting spacing greatly influence lettuce growth. Overall, the present study provides direct evidence that DWC and NFTs subsystems at both planting spacings performed the best in terms of giving higher yield production, higher plant growth parameters, and better sensory attributes compared to other cultivation systems. Lettuces grown in the DWC system had higher chlorophyll B (29.13 ± 0.82 mg/100 g), and carotene content (32.40 ± 1.27 mg/100 g) in narrow planting spacing and were the most preferred lettuces according to taste tests (52.4%).
Construction of the Chinese Route of Industrial Heritage based on spatial and temporal distribution analysis
Authors: Zhang Jiahao , Sun Hao , Zhuo Lingchen , Jiang Lan , Wei Hanbin , Xu Subin , Aoki Nobuo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Industrial heritage conservation is an important aspect of regional sustainable development. This study considers the industrial heritage of China built between 1840 and 1978 to establish the Chinese Industrial Heritage GIS Database. Changes spatial distribution , status of spatial distribution and status of conservation and reuse of Chinese industrial heritage are analyzed. The results reveal that in the temporal dimension, China’s industrial heritage shows a pattern of development from accumulation along the coast to dispersal into the interior; in the spatial dimension, the existing industrial heritage forms three key regions, 14 key cities, and important railway and water systems located in eastern China. Regarding the status of conservation, fewer heritage sites are included in the conservation system and there is a greater potential for reuse. This study proposes the development of a Chinese Route of Industrial Heritage (CRIH), consisting of industrial heritage key sites (point elements); industrial heritage key regions and cities (surface elements); and industrial heritage key routes (line elements), as well as different thematic heritage series to extend the system dimensions. The CRIH is of great significance in promoting the overall conservation of China’s industrial heritage and regional tourism.
Burden of cerebral small vessel disease and changes of diastolic blood pressure affect clinical outcome after acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Gunkel Sarah , Schötzau Andreas , Fluri Felix 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Elevated and low blood pressure (BP) may lead to poor functional outcome after ischemic stroke, which is conflicting. Hence, there must be “confounders” - such as cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) -interacting with BP and thus, affecting outcome. Here, we investigate the relationship between BP and cSVD regarding outcome after stroke. Data of 423/503 stroke patients were prospectively analyzed. Diastolic (DBP) and systolic BP (SBP) were collected on hospital admission (BPad) and over the first 72 hours (BP72h). cSVD-burden was determined on MR-scans. Good functional outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score ≤ 2 at hospital discharge and 12 months thereafter. cSVD was a predictor of poor outcome (OR 2.8; p < 0.001). SBPad, DBPad and SBP72h were not significantly associated with outcome at any time. A significant relationship was found between DBP72h, (p < 0.01), cSVD (p = 0.013) and outcome at discharge. At 12 months, we found a relationship between outcome and DBP72h (p = 0.018) and a statistical tendency regarding cSVD (p = 0.08). Changes in DBP72h were significantly related with outcome. There was a U-shaped relationship between DBP and outcome at discharge. Our results suggest an individualized stroke care by either lowering or elevating DBP depending on cSVD-burden in order to influence functional outcome.
5G network education and smart campus based on heterogeneous distributed platform and multi-scheduling optimization
Authors: Yu Liu , Enzheng Wang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In order to build a high-efficiency intelligent education system, this paper combines the current hottest 5G network de-networking construction model, uses 5G network to improve the system's operating speed, and uses a multi-installment scheduling optimization algorithm to construct an intelligent education model. Moreover, this paper establishes a new multi-installment scheduling optimization model. Given the server scheduling sequence, the optimal number of multi-installment scheduling and the optimal task allocation plan are derived. In addition, this paper designs a new global optimization algorithm, obtains the optimal server scheduling sequence, and establishes a new multi-installment scheduling optimization model with the shortest task completion time as the goal. Simultaneously, this paper fixes the server's scheduling sequence to the ascending order of transmission rate, and derives the optimal number of scheduling and the optimal task allocation plan for multi-installment scheduling in non-blocking communication mode. In addition, this paper verifies the performance of the model after constructing the model. The research results show that the model constructed in this paper has better performance.