bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One pattern analysis (OPA) for the quantitative determination of protein interactions in plant cells
Authors: Maika Jan Eric , Krämer Benedikt , Strotmann Vivien I. , Wellmer Frank , Weidtkamp-Peters Stefanie , Stahl Yvonne , Simon Rüdiger 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
A commonly used approach to study the interaction of two proteins of interest (POIs) in vivo is measuring Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). This requires the expression of the two POIs fused to two fluorescent proteins that function as a FRET pair. A precise way to record FRET is Fluorescence Lifetime IMaging (FLIM) which generates quantitative data that, in principle, can be used to resolve both complex structure and protein affinities. However, this potential resolution is often lost in many experimental approaches. Here we introduce a novel tool for FLIM data analysis of multiexponential decaying donor fluorophores, one pattern analysis (OPA), which allows to obtain information about protein affinity and complex arrangement by extracting the relative amplitude of the FRET component and the FRET transfer efficiency from other FRET parameters.

Results
As a proof of concept for OPA, we used FLIM-FRET, or FLIM-FRET in combination with BiFC to reassess the dimerization and tetramerization properties of known interacting MADS-domain transcription factors in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf cells and Arabidopsis thaliana flowers. Using the OPA tool and by extracting protein BINDING efficiencies from FRET parameters to dissect MADS-domain protein interactions in vivo in transient N. benthamiana experiments, we could show that MADS-domain proteins display similar proximities within dimeric or tetrameric complexes but bind with variable affinities. By combining FLIM with BiFC, we were able to identify SEPALLATA3 as a mediator for tetramerization between the other MADS-domain factors. OPA also revealed that in vivo expression from native promoters at low levels in Arabidopsis flower meristems, makes in situ complex formation of MADS-domain proteins barely detectable.

Conclusions
We conclude that MADS-domain protein interactions are transient in situ and may involve additional, so far unknown interaction mediators. We conclude that OPA can be used to separate protein binding from information about proximity and orientation of the interacting proteins in their complexes. Visualization of individual protein interactions within the underlying interaction networks in the native environment is still restrained if expression levels are low and will require continuous improvements in fluorophore labelling, instrumentation set-ups and analysis tools.
Interleukin-37 is involved in the immunopathogenesis of infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Zhao Mingsheng , Ma Li , Jiang Huihui , Gu Yufeng , Yang Xin , Liu Riming , Sun Chengming , Li Yulan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple immunopathological responses to viruses are observed in infectious mononucleosis (IM), a manifestation of primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Protective effects of the negative immunoregulatory molecule interleukin-37 (IL-37) have been observed in various bacterial and viral infections. However, the function of IL-37 in IM remains unknown.

Methods
Flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine the expression of IL-37 in the peripheral blood of patients diagnosed with IM, and the variation of lymphocyte subsets. Furthermore, the associations between IL-37 expression and the percentage of lymphocyte subgroups were analyzed.

Results
Patients with IM had severe immune dysfunction. The control group had a lower expression of IL-37 than the patients with IM. There were significant associations between IL-37 expression and both the proportion of CD3+T cells and the ratio of CD3+CD4+ to CD3+CD8+T cells. Patients with higher levels of IL-37 expression had lower levels of the liver inflammation indicators, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST).

Conclusions
IL-37 may affect the immune pathogenesis of patients with IM infected with EBV, and may have immunotherapeutic benefit for EBV-associated illnesses.
Analysis of the relationship between EEG burst suppression and poor prognosis in children under general anaesthesia: study protocol for a prospective, observational, single-centre study
Authors: Xu Qian , Zhang Jianmin , Gao Zhengzheng , Li Shanshan , Li Gan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Emergence delirium (ED) in children refers to the immediate postoperative period when children experience decreased perception of their surroundings, accompanied by disorientation and altered perception. Burst suppression (BS) is recognised as periods longer than 0.50 s during which the EEG does not exceed approximately + 5.0 mV, which is an electroencephalographic state associated with profound inactivation of the brain. Our primary objective was to determine the association between BS on electroencephalogram (EEG) under general anaesthesia with postoperative wake-up delirium and multiple adverse outcomes, such as prolonged awakening and extubation.

Methods
In this prospective, observational cohort study at Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, children aged 6 months to 9 years who underwent surgery under general anaesthesia and underwent EEG monitoring between January 2022 and January 2023 were included. Patients’ prefrontal EEGs were recorded intraoperatively as well as analysed for the occurrence and duration of BS and scored postoperatively for delirium by the PAED scale, with a score of no less than 10 considered as having developed wake-up delirium.

Discussion
This study identified a relationship between EEG BS and postoperative awakening delirium under general anaesthesia in children and provides a novel preventive strategy for postoperative awakening delirium and multiple adverse outcomes in paediatric patients.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2200055256. Registered on January 5, 2022.
Morphological and transcriptomic analyses of stem cell-derived cortical neurons reveal mechanisms underlying synaptic dysfunction in schizophrenia
Authors: Kathuria Annie , Lopez-Lengowski Kara , Watmuff Bradley , Karmacharya Rakesh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Postmortem studies in schizophrenia consistently show reduced dendritic spines in the cerebral cortex but the mechanistic underpinnings of these deficits remain unknown. Recent genome-wide association studies and exome sequencing investigations implicate synaptic genes and processes in the disease biology of schizophrenia.

Methods
We generated human cortical pyramidal neurons by differentiating iPSCs of seven schizophrenia patients and seven healthy subjects, quantified dendritic spines and synapses in different cortical neuron subtypes, and carried out transcriptomic studies to identify differentially regulated genes and aberrant cellular processes in schizophrenia.

Results
Cortical neurons expressing layer III marker CUX1, but not those expressing layer V marker CTIP2, showed significant reduction in dendritic spine density in schizophrenia, mirroring findings in postmortem studies. Transcriptomic experiments in iPSC-derived cortical neurons showed that differentially expressed genes in schizophrenia were enriched for genes implicated in schizophrenia in genome-wide association and exome sequencing studies. Moreover, most of the differentially expressed genes implicated in schizophrenia genetic studies had lower expression levels in schizophrenia cortical neurons. Network analysis of differentially expressed genes led to identification of NRXN3 as a hub gene, and follow-up experiments showed specific reduction of the NRXN3 204 isoform in schizophrenia neurons. Furthermore, overexpression of the NRXN3 204 isoform in schizophrenia neurons rescued the spine and synapse deficits in the cortical neurons while knockdown of NRXN3 204 in healthy neurons phenocopied spine and synapse deficits seen in schizophrenia cortical neurons. The antipsychotic clozapine increased expression of the NRXN3 204 isoform in schizophrenia cortical neurons and rescued the spine and synapse density deficits.

Conclusions
Taken together, our findings in iPSC-derived cortical neurons recapitulate cell type-specific findings in postmortem studies in schizophrenia and have led to the identification of a specific isoform of NRXN3 that modulates synaptic deficits in schizophrenia neurons.
PyL3dMD: Python LAMMPS 3D molecular descriptors package
Authors: Panwar Pawan , Yang Quanpeng , Martini Ashlie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMolecular descriptors characterize the biological, physical, and chemical properties of molecules and have long been used for understanding molecular interactions and facilitating materials design. Some of the most robust descriptors are derived from geometrical representations of molecules, called 3-dimensional (3D) descriptors. When calculated from molecular dynamics (MD) simulation trajectories, 3D descriptors can also capture the effects of operating conditions such as temperature or pressure. However, extracting 3D descriptors from MD trajectories is non-trivial, which hinders their wide use by researchers developing advanced quantitative-structure–property-relationship models using machine learning. Here, we describe a suite of open-source Python-based post-processing routines, called PyL3dMD, for calculating 3D descriptors from MD simulations. PyL3dMD is compatible with the popular simulation package LAMMPS and enables users to compute more than 2000 3D molecular descriptors from atomic trajectories generated by MD simulations. PyL3dMD is freely available via GitHub and can be easily installed and used as a highly flexible Python package on all major platforms (Windows, Linux, and macOS). A performance benchmark study used descriptors calculated by PyL3dMD to develop a neural network and the results showed that PyL3dMD is fast and efficient in calculating descriptors for large and complex molecular systems with long simulation durations. PyL3dMD facilitates the calculation of 3D molecular descriptors using MD simulations, making it a valuable tool for cheminformatics studies.Graphical Abstract
UDL: a cloud task scheduling framework based on multiple deep neural networks
Authors: Li Qirui , Peng Zhiping , Cui Delong , Lin Jianpeng , Zhang Hao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCloud task scheduling and resource allocation (TSRA) constitute a core issue in cloud computing. Batch submission is a common user task deployment mode in cloud computing systems. In this mode, it has been a challenge for cloud systems to balance the quality of user service and the revenue of cloud service provider (CSP). To this end, with multi-objective optimization (MOO) of minimizing task latency and energy consumption, we propose a cloud TSRA framework based on deep learning (DL). The system solves the TSRA problems of multiple task queues and virtual machine (VM) clusters by uniting multiple deep neural networks (DNNs) as task scheduler of cloud system. The DNNs are divided into exploration part and exploitation part. At each scheduling time step, the model saves the best outputs of all scheduling policies from each DNN to the experienced sample memory pool (SMP), and periodically selects random training samples from SMP to train each DNN of exploitation part. We designed a united deep learning (UDL) algorithm based on this framework. Experimental results show that the UDL algorithm can effectively solve the MOO problem of TSRA for cloud tasks, and performs better than benchmark algorithms such as heterogeneous distributed deep learning (HDDL) in terms of task scheduling performance.
Anaemia, iron deficiency and inflammation prevalence in children in the Mount Cameroon area and the contribution of inflammatory cytokines on haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations: a cross sectional study
Authors: Sama Sharon Odmia , Taiwe Germain Sotoing , Teh Rene Ning , Njume Gwendolyne Elobe , Chiamo Seraphine Njuontsop , Sumbele Irene Ule Ngole 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Iron deficiency (ID) and anaemia of inflammation (AI) coexist where infections and nutritional deficiencies are common. The aim of this study was to determine burden of ID, anaemia, inflammation and AI in children in malaria endemic Limbe, Mount Cameroon as well as decipher the contribution of some inflammatory cytokines on the concentration of haemoglobin and ferritin.

Methods
A total of 520 children aged ≤ 15 years old from the Limbe Health District (LHD) were randomly selected and examined in a cross-sectional study for iron deficiency, anaemia, inflammation and inflammation anaemia. Collected blood samples were used for full blood count and inflammatory marker analyses with the aid of a haemoanalyzer and ELISA machine, respectively. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was used to determine the correlation between cytokines and haemoglobin while multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the effects of inflammatory cytokines on haemoglobin and ferritin concentrations.

Results
The overall prevalence of anaemia, ID, IDA, inflammation and AI were respectively, 67.5%, 34.6%, 12.9%, 63.1% and 30.2%. Children aged 12‒15 years (P = 0.001), enrolled from the community (P < 0.001), whose parents are civil servants (P < 0.001), living in a home with 6‒10 occupants (P = 0.016), afebrile (P < 0.001) and malaria negative (P = 0.007) had the highest prevalence of ID while, children ≤ 5 years old (P = 0.001), with a family size of 1‒5 occupants (P = 0.033) had the highest prevalence of AI. Haemoglobin concentration positively correlated with concentrations of IFN-γ (P < 0.001), TNF-α (0.045) and ferritin (P < 0.001) while a negative correlation was observed with IL-10 (P = 0.003). In the multiple linear regression analysis only IL-6 significantly (P = 0.030) influenced haemoglobin concentration.

Conclusions
While IL-6 is of significance in the pathology of anaemia, iron deficiency and anaemia of inflammation are of moderate public health concerns in the Mount Cameroon area. Hence, appropriate intervention against anaemia, ID and AI should be directed at children ≤ 5 years and counterparts > 10 years old that bear the highest burden.
My Baby, My Move+: feasibility of a community prenatal wellbeing intervention
Authors: Leiferman Jenn A. , Lacy Rachael , Walls Jessica , Farewell Charlotte V. , Dinger Mary K. , Downs Danielle Symons , Farrabi Sarah S. , Huberty Jennifer L. , Paulson James F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundExcessive gestational weight gain (EGWG), insufficient prenatal physical activity and sleep, and poor psychological wellbeing independently increase risks for adverse maternal and infant outcomes. A novel approach to mitigate these risks is utilizing peer support in a community-based prenatal intervention. This study assessed the feasibility (acceptability, demand, implementation, and practicality) of a remotely delivered prenatal physical activity intervention called My Baby, My Move + (MBMM +) that aims to increase prenatal physical activity, enhance mood and sleep hygiene, and reduce EGWG.MethodsParticipants were recruited through community organizations, local clinics, and social media platforms in the Fall of 2020 and Spring of 2021. Eligible pregnant women were randomized to either the MBMM + intervention or the control group. Each group met over Zoom for 16 sessions (twice weekly for 60 min over 8 weeks) to learn either behavioral change and wellbeing knowledge and skills (MBMM +) or knowledge and skills related to parenting (control group). Multiple methods of evaluation to better understand the feasibility of the intervention were conducted.ResultsA total of 49 women (25 MBMM + intervention, 24 control) completed both pre- and post-survey assessments and were included in the analyses. A subsample of 19 (39%) intervention participants completed a combination of semi-structured interviews/surveys to assess acceptability, demand, implementation, and practicality. Participants expressed positive feedback regarding acceptability (satisfaction and intent to continue use) and wereextremely likelyorlikelyto recommend the program to a friend (demand). Implementation metrics were assessed by observation and feedback forms completed by peer leaders and demonstrated high-quality control. Findings suggest that the intervention was practical due to remote sessions and cost-effectiveness.ConclusionThe MBMM + intervention was deemed to be a feasible intervention with high acceptability, demand, implementation, and practicality. These findings can be used to inform the scalability of the intervention and implementation of a larger efficacy trial.Trial registration19–1366, initial date is on January 23, 2020.
Using medical university websites for health education about COVID-19; an effective solution for public education during a pandemic
Authors: Cai Lina , Han Jiwei , Aghalari Zahra , Dahms‬ Hans-Uwe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Medical universities use their websites to teach, research, and promote a culture of health. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of medical universities in terms of health information and education regarding COVID-19 by surveying the website of Iranian medical universities.

Methods
This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in June to August 2020 on the websites of medical universities in three categories of universities (type 1, type 2 and type 3). The information of this study was collected from medical universities located in the east, west, north, south and center of Iran. Data were collected according to a checklist. The checklist contained 3 sections; the first part with 8 components regarding general information of the university websites, the second part with 11 components regarding the information and news related to the coronavirus and the third part with 12 components regarding the content of personal health education and environmental health for the prevention of coronavirus. To determine the status of each website in the two areas of health information and education, websites were divided into three categories based on scores (poor, average and good). Data were analyzed by chi-square.

Results
In this study, 1118 web pages related to 48 Iranian universities of medical sciences were reviewed, where 19 were type 1 universities, 21 type 2 universities, and 8 type 3 universities. The mean scores of the websites regarding the information and news related to the coronavirus (8.54 ± 1.750) and the mean scores of the websites regarding the personal and environmental health education related to coronavirus (10.96 ± 1.148) were in a favorable and positive condition. The ranking of medical universities by type showed that the scores in the two areas of health information and education about the coronavirus were in good condition and none of the universities were in bad condition. Chi-square showed that the information status and news related to the coronavirus had a significantly positive relationship with the type of medical universities (χ2 = 10.343, p = 0.006).

Conclusions
The results of this study showed that type1 and type 2 and 62.5% of type 3 medical universities were in good condition in terms of total scores in the two areas of health information and education about coronavirus and none of the universities were in a bad situation. It is suggested that the website of medical universities can serve as a reliable and appropriate source of information not only for academics and students but also for the general public.
Carotid atherosclerosis in the first five years since rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis: a cross sectional study
Authors: Galarza-Delgado Dionicio Angel , Azpiri-Lopez Jose Ramon , Guajardo-Jauregui Natalia , Cardenas-de la Garza Jesus Alberto , Garza-Cisneros Andrea Nallely , Garcia-Heredia Alexis , Balderas-Palacios Mario Alberto , Colunga-Pedraza Iris Jazmin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSystemic inflammation, documented before rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis, is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. We aimed to compare the prevalence of carotid plaque (CP) in RA patients in the first five years since diagnosis and healthy controls, and to determine disease characteristics associated with the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in RA patients.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study. We recruited 60 RA patients in the first five years since diagnosis and 60 matched healthy controls. Carotid ultrasound was performed to detect the presence of CP and measure carotid-intima media thickness (cIMT). Subclinical atherosclerosis was considered as the presence of CP and/or increased cIMT. Distribution was evaluated with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Comparisons were made with Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for qualitative variables and Student’s t or Mann-Whitney’s U test for quantitative variables. A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThere were no differences in the demographic characteristics between RA patients and controls. The mean disease duration was 2.66 ± 1.39 years. A higher prevalence of CP (30.0% vs. 11.7%,p = 0.013), bilateral CP (18.3% vs. 3.3%,p = 0.008), increased cIMT (30.0% vs. 6.7%,p = 0.001), and subclinical atherosclerosis (53.3% vs. 18.3%,p = < 0.001) was found in RA patients. RA patients with subclinical atherosclerosis were older (56.70 years vs. 50.00 years,p = 0.002), presented a higher prevalence of dyslipidemia (53.1% vs. 14.3%,p = 0.002), and higher prevalence of classification in moderate-high disease activity category measured by DAS28-CRP (68.8% vs. 35.7%,p = 0.010). The latter variable persisted independently associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in the binary logistic regression (OR 6.11, 95% CI 1.51–24.70,p = 0.011).ConclusionsIn the first five years since diagnosis, higher prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis, including CP was found in RA patients. Carotid ultrasound should be considered part of the systematic CVR evaluation of RA at the time of diagnosis.
Incidental detection of acquired unilateral nasolacrimal duct obstruction on I-131 whole body scan following I-131 therapy for thyroid cancer: a case report
Authors: Ahmad Warda , Rubab Nayyar , Gillani Farkhanda , Afzal Muhammad Shahzad , Ahmad Barira , Ahmad Wajiha , Imran Muhammad Babar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Radioactive iodine 131 (I-131) is used in the treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer after thyroidectomy; however, its accumulation in non-thyroidal regions may give false positive results on iodine whole body scan (WBS). Only a few cases of radioiodine uptake in the orbital region in patients with thyroid cancer have been reported, which could be due to metastasis or false positive causes resulting from contamination or inflammatory etiology.

Case presentation
We describe a case of 49-year-old male with history of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The follow-up I-131 whole body scan showed a focus of increased radiotracer uptake in the region of left orbit. Correlative single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT-CT) showed that uptake was due to stenosis of the left nasolacrimal duct causing obstructive symptoms on left side. Dacryoscintigraphy also demonstrated significant obstruction of left nasolacrimal system.

Conclusions
The nasolacrimal duct obstruction is a rare adverse event after I-131 therapy that can result in an accumulation of radioiodine on whole body scan, mimicking metastasis. The use of additional spot views and SPECT-CT images along with thyroglobulin levels can help physicians in clarifying the situation in these uncertain cases.