bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of P16 INK4a immunocytochemical stain in facilitating cytology interpretation of HSIL for women aged 50 and above
Authors: Hou Jun , Du Hui , Wang Chun , Song Fangbin , Qu Xinfeng , Wu Ruifang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Few articles have focused on cytological misinterpretation of the high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) in older women. Due to estrogen deficiency, cervical epithelial cells in postmenopausal women tend to show atrophic change that looks like HISL, resulting in a higher rate of cytological misinterpretation. P16INK4a immunocytochemical staining (P16-cytology) can effectively differentiate diseased cells from normal atrophic ones with less dependence on cell morphology.
Objective
To evaluate the performance of P16-cytology in differential analysis of cytology high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and benign atrophy in women aged 50 years and above.
Methods
Included in this analysis were the women who were positive of hr-HPV in a cervical cancer screening project in central China and returned back for triage, with complete data of primary hr-HPV test, Liquid-based cytology, P16 immuno-stained cytology, and ptholosgy diagnosis. Included patients were divided into ≥ 50 (1,127 cases) and < 50 years (1,430 cases) of age groups. The accuracy of LBC in the diagnosis of ≥ HSIL was compared between the two groups, and detailed analysis was conducted to demonstrate how many cases with cytology ≥ HISL and pathology ≤ LSIL were P16 negative.
Results
The accuracy rate of LBC for detection of pathology ≥ HSIL was 86.9% (93/107) in age group of ≥ 50, significantly lower than that of 95.5% (105/110) in age group of < 50 years (P = 0.026). P16 immunocytochemical stains on cases with cytology ≥ HISL and pathology ≤ LSIL were all negative in both groups.
Conclusion
The misinterpretation of LBC- ≥HSIL was rated higher in older women. P16 immunocytochemical stain works well in differentiating atrophic changes from LBC- ≥HSIL.
Piperine-Loaded Zein Electrospun Nanofibers: Development, Characterization and Antibacterial Application
Authors: Daneshmand Sara , Shahraki Omolbanin , Hosseynipour Homa , Roshan Faezeh , Miri Mohammad Amin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A biofilm is a structured community of bacteria living within a self-generated polymer matrix composing polysaccharide, lipid, protein and DNA. Bacterial biofilms trigger chronic infections such as those affiliated to implanted medical devices. This chronicity is a consequence of increased tolerance of biofilms to antibiotics and bactericidal chemicals along with resistance to phagocytosis and other factors of the body's defense system. One of the therapeutic approaches to overcome the antibiotic resistance of biofilms, is to employ new drug delivery systems. Meanwhile, investigations on nanofibers with appropriate formulation, due to their unique characteristics is being conducting remarkably. Piperine as a natural substance, its antibacterial effects have been confirmed in several studies. Therefore, in the current study, the antibacterial potential of nanofibers made of zein polymer enriched with piperine on staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm was evaluated. The enhancement of the amount of piperine in the nanofibers led to the increase of the inhibition concentration as well as the bactericidal concentration. According to the results of microbial tests, nanofibers containing piperine had a greater effect on the biofilm of staphylococcus epidermidis compared to the free piperine formulation and nanofibers without piperine. Excellent antibacterial efficacy was assigned to the sample with 10% piperine.
Combined Transcriptomics and Proteomics Analysis to Reveal the Mechanism underlying the Degradation of TSNAs by Bacillus pumilus 05–5402
Authors: Zou Ling , Lu Huarong , Lei Yang , Li Baole , Zhu Zaixing , Duan Jiyou , Yang Maosong , Zhang Qi , Hu Binbin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines (TSNAs) present in tobacco and tobacco products cause serious diseases and, therefore, effective measures to reduce the levels of TSNAs in tobacco are necessary for tobacco harm reduction. Various bacteria have demonstrated the ability to degrade TSNAs, although their degradation efficiency is often affected by fermentation conditions. Therefore, optimizing the fermentation process is essential to improve the efficiency of the microbial degradation of TSNAs. However, the mechanisms involved in the microbial degradation of TSNAs remain unknown to date. In this context, the present study involved utilizing a combined transcriptomics and proteomics analysis to reveal the mechanism underlying the degradation of TSNAs by Bacillus pumilus strain 05–5402. The TSNAs in flue-cured tobacco were degraded, and the fermentation process was optimized to determine the best conditions for the functioning of strain 05–5402. A TSNA degradation rate of 31.99% was reached at 28°C and a water content of 100%. The combined transcriptomics and proteomics analysis revealed the involvement of diverse mechanisms in the degradation of TSNAs by strain 05–5402, among which amino acid biosynthesis, carbon metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and metabolism of multiple amino acids were the most prominent ones. These findings would serve as a reference for the degradation of TSNAs using Bacillus fermentation at the industrial scale.
Study on The Low-Temperature Active Alkaline Serine Protease Production Capacity and Detergent Application Potential of Novel Exiguobacterium indicum 1.2.3
Authors: KATI AHMET 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Microorganisms have long captivated researchers for their potential to produce enzymes with diverse industrial applications. Efficient production of proteases from new strains is crucial as these enzymes play a vital role in breaking down protein bonds, enabling their use in industrial applications. Therefore, a novel Exiguobacterium indicum 1.2.3 was isolated (Istanbul, Turkiye) and characterized in this study. This strain produced alkaline serine protease, which works in lower temperatures (20-40°C) with casein as a specific substrate. The protease was completely stable for 3 hours at 30 °C. The enzyme was also highly stable in the pH range 811. The optimum activity was obtained at pH 10. The crude enzyme activity was enhanced by various metal ions and retained 147%, 125%, 124%, and 117% of its activity within 1 mM Ca2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, and Mg2+, respectively. The crude enzyme was inactive with PMSF, indicating a serine residue on the active side. The enzyme exhibited a great proteolytic effect in the presence of surfactants and oxidizing agents. The addition of Tween 80, Triton X-100, and sodium perborate improved enzymatic activity up to 135%, 109%, and 105%, respectively. According to the washing results, the crude enzyme effectively removed the blood on different types of standard pre-stained textiles at 30 °C. In conclusion, Exiguobacterium indicum 1.2.3 is a promising candidate for protease production, with its diverse applications spanning various industrial sectors, particularly detergents.
Relationship between inflammatory markers and their interactions and insulin resistance: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES database from 2011-2016
Authors: Luo Danqi , Yang Yang , Li Jiahua , Jiang Hua , Zhao Mingyi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective:
To explore the relationship between inflammatory markers and their interactions and insulin resistance (IR).
Background:
Patients with chronic inflammatory disorders, which are defined by an imbalanced secretion of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, frequently have insulin resistance; however, the association between IR and inflammatory markers remains unclear.
Methods:
We analyzed 6,742 participants (from 2011 to 2016) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database who had diabetes, no diabetes, or a borderline status. The receiver operating characteristic curve method was used to analyze the optimal cutoff value of inflammation indicators to predict IR, with adjustments for gender, age, race, body mass index, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking history , and exercise status. The interaction between inflammatory markers and IR was then assessed.
Results:
When the confounding factors were not adjusted, compared to those with NLR ≤3.237 (odds ratio [OR]=1.266, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.150–1.393), individuals with a neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of >3.237 had a greater risk of IR. The participants with a monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) of >0.262 had a decreased chance of developing IR than those with MLR ≤0.262 (OR=0.851, 95%CI=0.771–0.939). Individuals with an eosinophil/lymphocyte ratio (ELR) of >0.078 were more likely to have IR than those with ELR < 0.078 (OR=1.209, 95%CI=1.095–1.334). Individuals with a platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) of >122.649 had a lower risk of IR than those with PLR ≤122.649 (OR=0.726, 95%CI=0.658–0.802). Participants with a systemic inflammation index (SII) of >0.262 had a higher risk of developing IR than those with SII ≤0.262 (OR=1.334, 95%CI=1.209–1.472). After controlling for the confounding variables, no significant association between NLR, MLR, ELR and IR was observed. Individuals with PLR ≥122.649 had a lower risk of IR than those with PLR ≤122.649 (OR=0.758, 95%CI =0.673–0.854). In addition, participants with SII ≥0.262 were more likely to have IR compared to those with an adjusted SII of ≤0.262 (OR=1.155, 95%CI =1.026–1.300). Furthermore, our study indicated that the combination of PLR ≥122.649 and ELR ≥0.078 had an effect on IR (OR=0.876, 95%CI=0.767–1.000) and that the combination of PLR ≥122.649 and SII >724.560 had a synergistic effect on IR (OR=0.872, 95%CI=0.773–0.985). The interaction effect of MLR ≥0.262 and PLR ≥122.649 on IR was revealed (OR=0.766, 95%CI=0.674–0.872).
Conclusion:
Insulin resistance is associated with decreased PLR and increased SII.
Erythropoietin treatment in premature newborns reduces the odds of intraventricular hemorrhage by 97%
Authors: Soliz Jorge , Fernández Diana Andrea Arias , Diaz Héctor Alfonso Romero , Garnica Alan David Figueroa , Sanchez Lida , Arias-Reyes Christian , Schneider-Gasser Edith 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most frequent neurological complication in preterm infants, affecting 20-30% of infants born before 32 weeks of gestational age and/or weighing less than 1,500 grams. IVH can lead to long-term neurological sequelae, including cerebral palsy, seizures, posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, and cognitive deficits. Therefore, mitigating the risk of IVH in neonates is a clinical priority. In this study, we have evaluated whether the hormone erythropoietin (EPO), known for its impact on neuroprotection and stimulation of brain maturation, can be used in IVH prevention in premature infants (<33 gestational weeks). So far, EPO's efficacy in treating preterm infants with IVH remains controversial. While repeated low doses of EPO showed a reduction in the incidence of adverse outcomes, high EPO doses showed no appreciable difference in the frequency of brain injury. In light of these divergent outcomes, in this pilot study, we tested whether low doses of EPO (400 IU/kg), administered intravenously three times per week until reaching 33 weeks of gestationally corrected age, can prevent IVH. Our results show that EPO reduces the odds of IVH among premature babies by 97%; however, it fails to reverse the condition once the injury has developed. These results have crucial clinical importance in preventing IVH in preterm infants.
Cybercrime and Cyber Security in Nigeria: Overview and Rate
Authors: Auwal Aminu Muhammad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The prevalence of cybercrimes in Nigeria has exhibited a consistent upward trajectory in recent years. This paper aims to offer a comprehensive assessment of the rate of cybercrime and cybersecurity incidents in Nigeria over a specified period. The study utilizes data sourced from the Economic and Financial Crime Commission (EFCC) as well as a distributed survey administered to a diverse cohort of students, staff, and workers. Employing basic statistical analysis and nearest neighbour analysis, the study's findings reveal a significant surge in cybercrime rates in recent times, particularly within sectors encompassing social, financial, and educational domains, among others. Furthermore, there are indications that cybercrimes may continue to escalate exponentially in the future, unless substantial countermeasures are implemented. Despite the commendable efforts of smaller stakeholders and institutions to combat such malfeasance, a substantial coordinated response is imperative. This research underscores the persistent increase of cybercrime over time, largely attributed to inadequate action from government bodies, stakeholders, and regulatory agencies. Consequently, it is recommended that law enforcement agencies and regulatory entities intensify their efforts to monitor and address these criminal activities. Ultimately, proactive initiatives should be directed towards safeguarding the most vulnerable demographic groups against cybercrime victimization.
Applications of the Cayley graph of a monoid presentation in characterizations for right type B semigroups
Authors: Li Chunhua , Huang Huawei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Motivated by the rich results on Cayley graphs of semigroups, in this paper we investigate the Cayley graph of a monoid presentation, and get a method which makes it possible to construct a certain type of a monoid (which we call graph expansions) by the Cayley graph of a monoid presentation. After obtaining some basic properties of Cayley graphs of a monoid presentation, we give a new characterization of a right type B semigroup by using a Cayley graph of a monoid presentation of a left cancellative monoid. It is proved that an arbitrary graph expansion for a left cancellative monoid is a proper (F) right type B monoid.
AMS Mathematics Subject Classification (2010) 05C25; 20M10
Endosomal Recycling Inhibitors Downregulate the Androgen Receptor and Synergise with Enzalutamide
Authors: Fletcher Kelsey , Alkurashi Mai H. , Lindsay Andrew J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer diagnosed in men, and accounts for one-fifth of cancer associated deaths worldwide. Despite the availability of effective prostate cancer therapies, if it is not cured by radical local treatment, progression to drug resistant metastatic prostate cancer is inevitable. Therefore, new drugs and treatment regimens are urgently required to overcome resistance. We have recently published research demonstrating that targeting the endosomal recycling pathway, a membrane transport pathway that recycles internalised cell surface proteins back to the plasma membrane, may be a novel means to downregulate clinically relevant cell surface proteins and potentially overcome drug resistance. A reverse phase protein array (RPPA) assay of breast cancer cells treated with an endosomal recycling inhibitor identified the androgen receptor (AR) as one of the top downregulated proteins. We confirmed that endosomal recycling inhibitors also downregulated AR in prostate cancer cells and show that this occurs at the transcriptional level. We also found that endosomal recycling inhibitors synergise with enzalutamide, a standard-of-care therapy for prostate cancer. Our data suggest that combining recycling inhibitors with hormone receptor antagonists may enhance their efficacy and reduce the emergence of drug resistance.
Hot workability behaviour of two P92 creep resistant steels: Constitutive analysis
Authors: Obiko Japheth , Whitefield David , Bodunrin Michael 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article reports the flow stress behaviour of two P92 steels at a temperature range of 850–1000°C and a strain rate of 0.1–10 s-1 using the Gleeble® 3500 thermomechanical simulator. A physically-based constitutive model was used to analyse the effects of deformation conditions on the flow stress behaviour during deformation. This model incorporates the influence in the variation of Young’s modulus and the self-diffusion coefficient as affected by temperature. The study developed constitutive equations that predict the flow stress behaviour of the two steels investigated. From the constitutive analysis of the results, the stress exponent n was: 9.8 (steel A) and 10.3 (steel B). The model used the self-diffusion activation energy of steel. The statistical parameters: correlation coefficient of 0.99 (for steel A and B), the absolute average relative error of 2.19% (steel A) and 2.20% (steel B) quantified the applicability of the model. The quantification results show that the constitutive equations developed have high accuracy in predicting the workability of the two P92 steels. The study has shown that this method is applicable in predicting the metal flow pattern of two P92 steels in the metalworking processes.
Selection guidance of electrical actuation with different gearheads for power-off load latching
Authors: Redekar Abhijeet , Deb Dipankar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The actuator serves as a motion converter, helps transform the speed and direction of motion, and is a motion controller for precise positioning. The actuator facilitates automated movement and is pivotal in determining the machine's performance. Engineers must consider three factors when choosing an actuator: the motor capacity, the reduction ratio of the gearbox, and an encoder. Electro-mechanical actuators fulfill various functions, including precise component positioning, maintaining desired positions, providing ample force or torque for securing closure mechanisms, and enabling controlled acceleration and deceleration at specified speeds. While on power, they excel at holding the desired position, but under off-power conditions, they also securely hold the load in place with less energy consumption. The main objective is to choose an ideal motor and gearhead combination for effectively holding the load when the power is off. This selection process considers crucial factors like output torque, speed, peak power, mass, and size. The research involves a comparative analysis between power-on load holding and power-off load holding in terms of consumed power, control circuitry, stability, and cost. Analytical calculations for finding the optimal motor torque and gearhead (gearbox) are conducted, and a Simscape Multibody simulation of a pendulum system is performed for validation purposes. This study helps select a suitable motor gearhead combination for power-off load holding by comparing the calculated values with simulation results. The method presented here is universally applicable to different types of loads, providing a valuable tool for selecting the most appropriate motor gearhead combination.
Antenatal depression among pregnant mothers in Afghanistan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Sarem Shararah , Neyazi Ahmad , Mohammadi Abdul Qadim , Neyazi Mehrab , Ahamdi Mozhgan , Razaqi Nosaibah , Wali Sadaf , Timilsina Shashank , Faizi Hamida , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Approximately one in five pregnant women experience antenatal depression globally. The purpose of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of antenatal depression and explore its relationship between various demographic variables, recent sexual engagement, and recent adverse life events among pregnant Afghan women.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey study was carried out between January, 2023 and April 2023 among 406 women aged 15–45 years who were recruited randomly from Herat province (Afghanistan). Logistic regression models were utilized to explore the relationship between antenatal depression and socio-demographic characteristics among the participants.
Results
The prevalence of antenatal depression symptoms was 78.5%. Multiple regression analysis indicated that antenatal depression was significantly associated with (i) being aged 30–45 years AOR: 4.216, p = .001), (ii) being of low economic status (AOR:2.102, p = .036), (iii) not being employed (AOR: 2.445, p = .015), (iv) not having had sex during the past seven days (AOR: 2.335, p = .001), and (v) having experienced a traumatic event during the past month (AOR:0.263, p < .001).
Conclusion
The present study provides insight into the factors associated with the high prevalence of antenatal depression among pregnant Afghan women (e.g., demographic variables, recent adverse life events, and recent sexual engagement). It highlights the urgency of addressing antenatal depression in Afghanistan and provides a foundation for future research and interventions aimed at improving the mental health and well-being of pregnant women in the Afghan context.
Groundwater Potential Mapping of Asa - Oyun Catchment Areas Over Crystalline Basement of Southwest Nigeria Using Integrated Approach of Remote Sensing and Analytical Hierarchical Analysis
Authors: Mustapha Adedamola Habib , Kolawole Lateef Lanre , Afolabi Adegoke Olukayode 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Groundwater exploration in crystalline terrains depends on structural information among other factors like geology, rainfall, drainage, soil type, elevation and/or landuse classification. The spatial distribution of groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) in Asa and Oyun catchment areas, Kwara state, northcentral Nigeria was assessed using six thematic layers derived from satellite data and ancillary data. Landsat 8 OLI (2015), Digital Elevation Model (DEM), and aeromagnetic data were used to extract lineaments. Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data was used to generate spatially distributed rainfall using inverse distance weighted interpolation method. Slope and drainage were extracted from DEM. The natural colour composite of Landsat 8 was classified into 4 classes: Bareland, Vegetation, Waterbody, and settlement. The groundwater potential map of the study area was produced using a geographic information system (GIS) based Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) model of Lineament density, drainage density, rainfall data, slope, and landuse information. The resulting groundwater potential map was validated using ROC analysis of available groundwater yield data (l/s) from boreholes in the study area. AHP with consistency ratio (CR) of 0.077, making weightage viable for groundwater potential mapping, identified five (5) groundwater potential zones (GWPZs). The majority of very low and low GWPZs fell in the Asa catchment area, while majority of the moderate, high, and very high GWPZs fell in the Oyun catchment area. Validation revealed that low, moderate, high and very high GWPZs had yields of 0.3-1.5l/s, 0.35-1.8l/s, 3.00-3.60l/s, and > 3.60l/s, respectively. The AUC coefficient of 0.777 (77.7%) confirmed the efficacy of the adopted methodology.