bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning assisted hepta band THz metamaterial absorber for biomedical applications
Authors: Jain Prince , Chhabra Himanshu , Chauhan Urvashi , Prakash Krishna , Gupta Akash , Soliman Mohamed S. , Islam Md. Shabiul , Islam Mohammad Tariqul 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA hepta-band terahertz metamaterial absorber (MMA) with modified dual T-shaped resonators deposited on polyimide is presented for sensing applications. The proposed polarization sensitive MMA is ultra-thin (0.061 λ) and compact (0.21 λ) at its lowest operational frequency, with multiple absorption peaks at 1.89, 4.15, 5.32, 5.84, 7.04, 8.02, and 8.13 THz. The impedance matching theory and electric field distribution are investigated to understand the physical mechanism of hepta-band absorption. The sensing functionality is evaluated using a surrounding medium with a refractive index between 1 and 1.1, resulting in good Quality factor (Q) value of 117. The proposed sensor has the highest sensitivity of 4.72 THz/RIU for glucose detection. Extreme randomized tree (ERT) model is utilized to predict absorptivities for intermediate frequencies with unit cell dimensions, substrate thickness, angle variation, and refractive index values to reduce simulation time. The effectiveness of the ERT model in predicting absorption values is evaluated using the Adjusted R2 score, which is close to 1.0 for nmin = 2, demonstrating the prediction efficiency in various test cases. The experimental results show that 60% of simulation time and resources can be saved by simulating absorber design using the ERT model. The proposed MMA sensor with an ERT model has potential applications in biomedical fields such as bacterial infections, malaria, and other diseases.
Artificial lighting affects the landscape of fear in a widely distributed shorebird
Authors: Jolkkonen Juho , Gaston Kevin J. , Troscianko Jolyon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFear influences almost all aspects of a prey species’ behaviour, such as its foraging and movement, and has the potential to cause trophic cascades. The superior low-light vision of many predators means that perceived predation risk in prey is likely to be affected by light levels. The widespread and increasing intensity of artificial light at night is therefore likely to interfere with this nocturnal visual arms race with unknown behavioural and ecological consequences. Here we test how the fear of predation perceived by wintering Eurasian curlew foraging on tidal flats is influenced by lighting. We quantified flight initiation distance (FID) of individuals under varying levels of natural and artificial illumination. Our results demonstrate that FID is significantly and substantially reduced at low light levels and increases under higher intensity illumination, with artificial light sources having a greater influence than natural sources. Contrary to the sensory-limitation hypothesis, the curlews’ unwillingness to take flight in low-light appears to reflect the risks posed by low-light flight, and a desire to remain on valuable foraging grounds. These findings demonstrate how artificial light can shape the landscape of fear, and how this interacts with optimal foraging decisions, and the costs of taking flight.
Robust and adjustable dynamic scattering compensation for high-precision deep tissue optogenetics
Authors: Li Zhenghan , Zheng Yameng , Diao Xintong , Li Rongrong , Sun Ning , Xu Yongxian , Li Xiaoming , Duan Shumin , Gong Wei , Si Ke 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe development of high-precision optogenetics in deep tissue is limited due to the strong optical scattering induced by biological tissue. Although various wavefront shaping techniques have been developed to compensate the scattering, it is still a challenge to non-invasively characterize the dynamic scattered optical wavefront inside the living tissue. Here, we present a non-invasive scattering compensation system with fast multidither coherent optical adaptive technique (fCOAT), which allows the rapid wavefront correction and stable focusing in dynamic scattering medium. We achieve subcellular-resolution focusing through 500-μm-thickness brain slices, or even three pieces overlapped mouse skulls after just one iteration with a 589 nm CW laser. Further, focusing through dynamic scattering medium such as live rat ear is also successfully achieved. The formed focus can maintain longer than 60 s, which satisfies the requirements of stable optogenetics manipulation. Moreover, the focus size is adjustable from subcellular level to tens of microns to freely match the various manipulation targets. With the specially designed fCOAT system, we successfully achieve single-cellular optogenetic manipulation through the brain tissue, with a stimulation efficiency enhancement up to 300% compared with that of the speckle.
Electrically stimulated optical spectroscopy of interface defects in wide-bandgap field-effect transistors
Authors: Feil Maximilian W. , Reisinger Hans , Kabakow André , Aichinger Thomas , Schleich Christian , Vasilev Aleksandr , Waldhör Dominic , Waltl Michael , Gustin Wolfgang , Grasser Tibor 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWide-bandgap semiconductors such as silicon carbide, gallium nitride, and diamond are inherently suitable for high power electronics for example in renewable energy applications and electric vehicles. Despite the high interest, the theoretical limit regarding device performance has not yet been reached for these materials. This is often due to charge trapping in defects at the semiconductor-insulator interface. Here we report a one-to-one correlation between electrically stimulated photon emission and the threshold voltage shift obtained from a fully processed commercial 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect power transistor. Based on this observation, we demonstrate that the emission spectrum contains valuable information on the energetic position of the charge transition levels of the responsible interface defects. We etch back the transistor from the reverse side in order to obtain optical access to the interface and record the emitted light. Our method opens up point defect characterization in fully processed transistors after device passivation and processing. This will lead to better understanding and improved processes and techniques, which will ultimately push the performance of these devices closer to the theoretical limit.
Fault diagnosis of rolling bearings with noise signal based on modified kernel principal component analysis and DC‐ResNet
Authors: Zhao Yunji , Zhou Menglin , Xu Xiaozhuo , Zhang Nannan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn view of the influence of aliasing noise on the effectiveness and accuracy of bearing fault diagnosis, a bearing fault diagnosis algorithm based on the spatial decoupling method of modified kernel principal component analysis (MKPCA) and the residual network with deformable convolution (DC‐ResNet) is innovatively proposed. Firstly, the Gaussian noise with different signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNRs) is added to the data to simulate the different degrees of noise in the actual data acquisition process. The MKPCA is used to project the fault signal with different SNRs in the kernel space to reduce the data dimension and eliminate some noise effects. Finally, the DC‐ResNet model is used to further filter the noise effects and fully extract the fault features through the training of the preprocessed data. The proposed algorithm is tested on the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) and Xi'an Jiaotong University and Changxing Sumyoung Technology Co., Ltd. (XJTU‐SY) bearing data sets with different SNR noise. The fault diagnosis accuracy can reach 100% within 30 min, which has better performance than most of the existing methods. The experimental results show that the algorithm has an excellent effect on accuracy and computation complexity under different noise levels.
Gas-phase formation and spectroscopic characterization of the disubstituted cyclopropenylidenes c-C3(C2H)2, c-C3(CN)2, and c-C3(C2H)(CN)
Authors: Flint Athena R. , Watrous Alexandria G. , Westbrook Brent R. , Patel Dev J. , Fortenberry Ryan C. 
Published: January 2023

Aims. The detection of c-C3HC2H and possible future detection of c-C3HCN provide new molecules for reaction chemistry in the dense interstellar medium (ISM) where R-C2H and R-CN species are prevalent. Determination of chemically viable c-C3HC2H and c-C3HCN derivatives and their prominent spectral features can accelerate potential astrophysical detection of this chemical family. This work characterizes three such derivatives: c-C3(C2H)2, c-C3(CN)2, and c-C3(C2H)(CN).
Methods. Interstellar reaction pathways of small carbonaceous species are well replicated through quantum chemical means. Highly accurate cc-pVXZ-F12/CCSD(T)-F12 (X = D,T) calculations generate the energetics of chemical formation pathways as well as the basis for quartic force field and second-order vibrational perturbation theory rovibrational analysis of the vibrational frequencies and rotational constants of the molecules under study.
Results. The formation of c-C3(C2H)2 is as thermodynamically and, likely, as stepwise favorable as the formation of c-C3HC2H, rendering its detectability to be mostly dependent on the concentrations of the reactants. Both c-C3(C2H)2 and c-C3(C2H)(CN) will be detectable through radioastronomical observation with large dipole moments of 2.84 D and 4.26 D, respectively, while c-C3(CN)2 has an exceedingly small and likely unobservable dipole moment of 0.08 D. The most intense frequency for c-C3(C2H)2 is v2 at 3316.9 cm–1 (3.01 μm), with an intensity of 140 km mol–1. The mixed-substituent molecule c-C3(C2H)(CN) has one frequency with a large intensity, v1, at 3321.0 cm–1 (3.01 μm), with an intensity of 82 km mol–1. The molecule c-C3(CN)2 lacks intense vibrational frequencies within the range that current instrumentation can readily observe.
Conclusions. Both c-C3(C2H)2 and c-C3(C2H)(CN) are viable candidates for astrophysical observation, with favorable reaction profiles and spectral data produced herein, but c-C3(CN)2 will not be directly observable through any currently available remote sensing means, even if it forms in large abundances.
Evaluating the Impact of Health Care Data Completeness for Deep Generative Models
Authors: Smith Benjamin , Van Steelandt Senne , Khojandi Anahita 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Deep generative models (DGMs) present a promising avenue for generating realistic, synthetic data to augment existing health care datasets. However, exactly how the completeness of the original dataset affects the quality of the generated synthetic data is unclear.
Objectives In this paper, we investigate the effect of data completeness on samples generated by the most common DGM paradigms.
Methods We create both cross-sectional and panel datasets with varying missingness and subset rates and train generative adversarial networks, variational autoencoders, and autoregressive models (Transformers) on these datasets. We then compare the distributions of generated data with original training data to measure similarity.
Results We find that increased incompleteness is directly correlated with increased dissimilarity between original and generated samples produced through DGMs.
Conclusions Care must be taken when using DGMs to generate synthetic data as data completeness issues can affect the quality of generated data in both panel and cross-sectional datasets.
Sex and ABO Blood Differences in SARS-CoV-2 Infection Susceptibility
Authors: Ergoren Mahmut Cerkez , Akan Gokce , Guler Emrah , Tuncel Gulten , Akovalı Damla , Evren Emine Unal , Evren Hakan , Suer Huseyin Kaya , Sanlidag Tamer 
Published: January 2023

AbstractData consisting of millions of cases cannot still explain the immunopathogenesis mechanism between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and host cell for ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemics. Epidemiological studies among different populations suggested different impacts of ABO and Rh antibodies on the COVID-19 susceptibility. Thus, the ABO blood group and the SARS-CoV-2 infection paradox remain unclear. Therefore, the present retrospective case–control study aimed to investigate the possible association between ABO blood groups and Rh blood types on SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Turkish Cypriot population. A total of 18,639 Turkish Cypriot subjects (297 SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 patients and 18,342 healthy) were included in this study. Personal and clinical characteristics including age, gender, SARS-CoV-2 infection status, the ABO blood group and Rh blood types were evaluated and compared between two groups. As a result, ABO blood group was shown to be associated with a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as with male sex (p = 0.018). There was no association between Rh blood type and COVID-19. Overall, this study is the first largest sample group study to show the distribution of ABO blood group and Rh blood types in the healthy Turkish Cypriot population. Based on the current evidence, there are insufficient data to guide public health policies regarding COVID-19 pathogenesis.
Immunophenotypic Profile of Multiple Myeloma: A Tertiary Care Centre Experience
Authors: Rath Asish , Panda Tribikram , Dass Jasmita , Seth Tulika , Mahapatra Manoranjan , Tyagi Seema 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground Immunophenotyping and enumeration of plasma cells (PCs) by flow cytometry are deemed to be prognostically significant. However, PCs enumeration by flow cytometry is challenging owing to discrepancy with morphology and PCs loss during sample processing. Enumeration and differentiation of abnormal plasma cells (APCs) and normal plasma cells (NPCs) is difficult because abnormal antigen expression can be seen in subsets of NPCs. This is particularly true when a limited panel of antibodies are relied upon.Aims and purpose To study the immunophenotypic profile of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) cases by flow cytometry and evaluate the sensitivities and specificities of individual antigens and combinations.Methods We studied immunophenotype of PCs in newly diagnosed MM cases (n = 48) and control cases (n = 10) by a 6-color, 3-tube flow cytometry panel. The sensitivities and specificities of antigens in MM were evaluated and compared with control cases.Results Majority of MM cases (n = 43) had < 3% NPCs. CD19 was the most sensitive (100%) and CD81 was the most specific marker (100%) for differentiating APCs from NPCs. CD38 MFI came out as a useful marker for APCs identification. In combination, CD19 and CD81 had a higher sensitivity and specificity to detect APCs.Conclusion NPCs may show aberrant antigen expression. A combination of multiple markers including CD81 and CD38 MFI should be used for accurate APC detection.
Molecular Mimicry between Respiratory Syncytial Virus F Antigen and the Human Proteome
Authors: Kanduc Darja 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study examined respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) F glycoprotein (gp) antigen for molecular mimicry with the human proteome. It was found that the viral antigen presents an impressive number of pentapeptides (namely, 525 out of 570) in common with the human proteome, with viral sequences widely and repeatedly distributed among 3,762 human proteins implicated in crucial fundamental cellular functions. The data can have implications for anti-RSV vaccines. Indeed, the high level of molecular mimicry can lead to cross-reactivity and autoimmunity, and invites to follow safer vaccinal protocols based on pentapeptide sequences uniquely present in the viral antigen.
Subsidiary closures and relocations in the multinational enterprise: Reinstating cooperation in subsidiaries to enable knowledge transfer
Authors: Reilly Marty , Tippmann Esther , Sharkey Scott Pamela 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSubsidiary closures and relocations, a process whereby a multinational enterprise (MNE) closes down a subsidiary and relocates its activities, are commonplace and increasing. Yet we lack an understanding of how knowledge in such situations can be successfully transferred to prevent loss and provide for future knowledge recombination in the MNE. Compared to periods of normal operation, knowledge sharing during subsidiary relocations is likely compromised by diminished sender motivation. In a detailed case study of a subsidiary closure and relocation, we find that the announcement of a subsidiary closure can lead to a break in cooperative behavior that inhibits knowledge transfer. It is therefore critical to reinstate cooperative behavior among subsidiary employees. Reinstatement can be achieved through a set of subsidiary leadership practices that affect the emotions of employees and subsidiary identity. This finding contributes to our understanding of knowledge transfer dynamics in MNEs during subsidiary relocations and closures, extends theory on the practices of subsidiary leadership in subsidiary death and adds to our understanding of identity in MNEs.
Study on microstructure evolution and hot deformation behaviour of Cu–6.5Fe–0.3Mg alloy
Authors: Wang Lanhao , Luo Xin , Yuan Dawei , Chen Jinshui , Chen Huiming , Huang Hao , Xiao Xiangpeng , Yang Bin 
Published: January 2023

The hot deformation behaviour and microstructure evolution of the Cu–6.5Fe–0.3Mg alloy were explored. The optimum hot working temperature of the alloy was 950°C and the strain rate was 10 s−1. The alloy underwent dynamic recovery (DRV) and dynamic recrystallisation (DRX) behaviour during hot compression. The density of the Fe phase particles increased significantly, and they were all aligned along the vertical compression direction. The α-Fe phase transformed to γ-Fe phase at 950°C. A large amount of α-Fe and γ-Fe phases effectively inhibited the DRX behaviour of the Cu–6.5Fe–0.3Mg alloy and significantly improved its thermal stability. The research on the hot deformation behaviour of the Cu–6.5Fe–X alloys had a theoretical guiding role in determining its hot working process. Highlights The optimal hot deformation process of Cu–6.5Fe–0.3Mg alloy was clarified. Constitutive equations and thermal working diagrams of the alloys are constructed Thermal deformation significantly increases Fe particle density, optimising its distribution. the transformation of α-Fe phase to γ-Fe phase during the hot compression at 950°C. The increasing in Fe phase significantly inhibits the dynamic recrystallization of the alloy.
Two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (TALIF) detection of atomic iodine in low-temperature plasmas and a revision of the energy levels of I I
Authors: Esteves Benjamin , Blondel Christophe , Chabert Pascal , Drag Cyril 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In order to perfect the use of iodine, instead of xenon, in plasma thrusters, an experiment has been set up to investigate the feasibility of two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (TALIF) diagnostics in iodine plasmas. Levels

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and

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of atomic iodine were found qualified for that purpose, with a radiative lifetime of the former found equal to

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, which appears consistent with the

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predicted by the most recent calculations. Doppler-free two-photon spectroscopy has confirmed that the relative intensities of the hyperfine components follow well-known general formulas, which makes it possible to disentangle the hyperfine structure of

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from Doppler broadening. Accurate temperature measurements are shown to be possible, even though the relatively heavy mass of the iodine atom does not make it the most favorable gauge for measurements based on Doppler effect. Using an injection seeded pulsed laser as the primary laser source, the frequency-tripling of which has provided the ca 300 nm radiation used for excitation, absolute energy measurements of the two-photon excited levels revealed that all upper energy levels of I I have to be revised down, by

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, which pulls every energy level off its presently tabulated value by more than thirty times the currently admitted uncertainty bar.
Anisotropic exciton–polaritons in 2D single-crystalline PEA2PbBr4 perovskites at room temperature
Authors: Chu Zihao , Chen Huanqing , Mao Xinrui , Li Yanping , Xu Wanjin , Ran Guangzhao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) single-crystalline perovskites are a suitable material for investigating the strong exciton–photon interaction due to the large exciton binding energy. Here, we grow high-quality 2D single-crystalline PEA2PbBr4 thin film in situ in between a pair of distributed Bragg reflectors and construct an anisotropic exciton–polariton microcavity. Clear evidence for strong exciton–photon coupling is observed and represented by a large coupling strength of 211.8 meV. The observed transverse electric–transverse magnetic splitting at the point where the in-plane wave vector is zero indicates crystal birefringence. The effective refractive indices for these two orthogonal polarization directions are derived to have a large difference, corresponding to a material index difference of 0.28, and then an in-plane refractive index ellipse is built for the material. This work shows that the 2D anisotropic perovskite microcavity can not only behave as a platform for characterizing the anisotropic properties of a material but also as a promising room-temperature polaritonic device.