bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mykola Tutkovsky: polyphony of artistic roles
Authors: Redya Valentyna 
Published: April 2023

Relevance of the study. The proposed research is determined by the realities of the musical society, they are characterized by the active inclusion of collective listening acceptance in the creation of modern musical projects. The lack of a musicological base determined the strategy of understanding the process of communication in music in the perspective of the achievements in the current communication theory. The ideas of the theory of communication developed by American and Canadian scientists Marshall McLuhan, Harold Innis, and John Durham Peters became the theoretical support of the presented considerations. Communicative strategies of the Socratic-dialogic and evangelical-dispersive type receive scientific approval in the research in the musical and communicative sphere.
Main objective of the study is to substantiate of the hypothesis about the nature of musical communication as an act of collective (composer, performer, listener) sound-intonation intentionality, where the creativity or passivity of the reaction of the collective listener directly depends on the performance creativity. The discursive understanding of the role of the collective listener in music is carried out using the complex methodology of scientific knowledge, which combines the methods of theoretical generalization, discourse analysis, comparative studies and empirical observations.
Results. For the first time, the definition of musical communication is formulated as a process that unites its participants with the desire (conscious or not) of spiritual development by immersion in acts of musical and intonation creation. Emphasis is placed on the function of individual intentionality of the musical and performing component in communicative processes. The author's definition of an individual musical and performance style as a system of expressive means corresponding to the specificity of the performer's musical worldview has been spread. This system, while maintaining its integrity, functions as a supporting factor for the re-intonation of various compositional styles and a guarantor of auditory co-intonation in musical communication processes. Empirical testing of the theoretical generalizations presented in the proposed research is based on the personal professional experience of the author.
Christoph Willibald Gluck's soft skills in the case «Opera reform in the XVIII century»
Authors: Rizaieva Ganna 
Published: April 2023

Relevance of research. The Viennese opera reform in the 18th century, which is closely related to the ideology of the Enlightenment, the activities of Masonic lodges, and the politics of Austrian Chancellor Kaunitz-Rietberg, is still often regarded as a cliché. Not a single domestic study has been devoted to the question of rethinking both the phenomenon of opera reform itself and Gluck's role in it, which determines the article's relevance. In this work, for the first time, the importance of the union of reformers in Vienna for the implementation of the opera reform in the 18th century is emphasized. In overcoming the cliché of "glucocentrism", it seems important to look at Gluck as a person, with certain psychological traits (soft skills in modern language) that allowed him to be effective in co-creation with the Viennese reformers and to achieve personal success. All of the above determines the scientific novelty of the work.
The purpose of the article. To trace the history of the so-called Gluck reform and identify the main participants of the case "Opera reform in the mid-18th century". To investigate what and how Gluck's soft skills helped him to realize his creative potential in the stormy 18th century - at a time of changing worldview paradigms, and contributed to the formation of his place in the history of music as a "great opera reformer".
Methods. To achieve the goal set in the article, a historical (to consider the circumstances of the formation of the request for opera reform and to find out the ways of its solution), cultural (to study the cultural context of the 18th century) and sociological analysis method (to outline Gluck's soft skills) was chosen.
The results and conclusions. From the facts presented in the article, it becomes obvious that the so-called Gluck reform is a successful case of solving the problem of renewing the opera genre, implemented by a team of reformers. The decisive role in this was played by the musical genius and character of Gluck, his character, and the historical context that formed the "request" for reform. The composer had soft skills that, according to modern research, help a person work effectively in a team and achieve success. Undoubtedly, Gluck's soft skills discussed in the article were a guarantee of recognition for both the composer himself and the Viennese opera reform. Most of the crucial issues for understanding the phenomenon of opera reform in the 18th century still require further research, including the analysis of reformed operas as integral performances. and determining the role of Masonic lodges in the implementation of music and theater reform in Vienna.
Federico Garcia Lorca’s «Canciones Españolas Antiguas»: dialogue of the poet with Flamenco tradition
Authors: Melnyk Viktoriia 
Published: April 2023

The relevance of the study The author’s interaction in his creative work with folklore is one of the main ways of shaping national composers’ musical school. Spanish music culture is not an exception. There was discovering the uniqueness of flamenco culture through the searching of musical personal identity during the end of the XIX–first decades of the XX century. Original rhythms, modes and harmony specialty were inspiring for composers who searched the code of musical national composers’ school. Federico Garcia Lorca was one of them. His work «Canciones Españolas Antiguas» became not only restrained documentation of folkloric finds. His scientific interest was realized there with his own well-known authored style what provoked us to have some doubts about song’s origin. Was that songs stylization or authentic? How high was composer’s influence percent? The answer can be founded only through assesses the knowledge of flamenco tradition. We could find out real author’s creative participation thanks determining authentic flamenco components in the songs. These are the reasons and became the basis of the proposed article.
The main objective of the study is to characterize the collection "Spanish ancient songs" by F. D. Lorca as creative project which arose at the intersection of the tradition of flamenco and author's style.
The methodology of study includes historical method (in searching of context and historical background creation of collection «Spanish ancient songs»), biographical method (for clarify details of creation the collection, musical environment what was connected with Lorca’s views on the folk), comparative (for the comparing folkloric sources with author’s variants) structural-functional, system analysis, genre-style what allows to give characteristic of collection and to prove it’ artistic integrity as a song cycle.
Results and conclusions. In the process of studying «Canciones Españolas Antiguas», it became clear that the balance of authenticity and authorial activity in this case can be ascertained only by relying on the knowledge of general folklore paradigms.We found out genres as sources for building the collection which were taken from flamenco culture. The «oriental» intonation nature of melodies saturated with melismas, mostly of a dance nature, is preserved. But the composer does not soften all these characteristic features, trying to bring them to the panEuropean musical standard, on the contrary, he strengthens them by using dissonant harmonies. He brings the rhythmic sophistication of authentic samples to the point of unpredictability thanks to the frequent use of hemiola, accents on weak parts, and syncopation. Impetuous performance and rubato, characteristic of the para cantar form of life (flamenco music focused on the singer), the composer conveys with the help of laconic remarks about tempo, dynamics, articulation, touches.
Machiavelli, Epicureanism and the Ethics of Democracy
Authors: Holman Christopher 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Recent scholarship on the political thought of Niccolò Machiavelli has demonstrated the extent to which the latter's republicanism is of a populist type, and a potentially important resource for contemporary democratic theory. Although work has been produced on the constitutional form of the Machiavellian republic, less effort has been made to articulate the theoretical assumptions upon which the advocacy of such a republic is ethically grounded. Here, I attempt to locate the democratic ethical imperative in the affirmation of a fundamental human difference. Influenced by the Epicurean tradition, Machiavelli's natural philosophy considers material entities as absolute singularities lacking internal teleological direction, their movement the productive result of contingent encounters. One cannot assume a natural or pre-social identity of desire between persons. Democracy is the ethically preferred regime because it is the one that is capable of facilitating the expression of this human uniqueness.
Reading Machiavelli and La Boétie with Lefort
Authors: Charreau Emmanuel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This article will explore the historical account and political actualisation of Machiavelli and La Boétie in the work of Claude Lefort. In the 1970s, Lefort renewed the interpretation of Machiavelli and La Boétie by underlining their common ‘radical humanism’. The long-overlooked insights into desire and social division of the two Renaissance thinkers underline the subversive potential of humanism against its common ideological and oligarchic uses. But the history of radical humanism cannot be separated from its topicality, as it is one of the germs of the democratic revolution. This radicalism echoes and inspires Lefort's agonistic theory of democracy. After Machiavelli and La Boétie, his work grapples with the continued dependency of the subjects on visible and invisible masters. Indeed, according to Lefort, contemporary societies long for certainty and remain haunted by servitude in the form of ideology (be it bourgeois, totalitarian or invisible).
INFLUENCE OF FRESH BIOLOGICAL CHICKEN DROPPINGS ON THE MICROBIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF LOW-PRODUCTIVE SODDY PODZOLIC SOIL
Authors: Shchukin N. N. , Pukhova N. Yu. , Sobolev V. D. , Brazhnik E. A. 
Published: April 2023

The article presents fresh biological dropping of caged chickens in crop production. After a thorough study of its environmental friendliness to the environment, this new biological dropping will reduce the cost of poultry farms for the disposal of dropping and use for more efficient cultivation of crops on marginal lands. The experiment used a high dose of organic matter - 120 t/ha, applied by spreading (control - without fertilisers). Sequencing of the metagenomes of soil samples showed that the soil microbiome’s phylogenetic composition was preserved due to the introduction of bacterial-fermented probiotic dropping.The authors also note that its taxonomic structure and functionality changed due to increased bacteria (with the different activity of taxa). Thus, the authors report an increase in the abundance of bacteria in the 1st sampling period from 6.9•107 to 1.3•108 copies/g of the soil of the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria in the plough horizon, and after 30 days - from 1.6•107 to 1.3×108 copies/g. For these purposes, opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms in the fertilised soil found in all soil samples were also studied. A higher proportion of enterobacteria was noted in the control sample (0.6%), and with dropping, it did not exceed 0.15%. The content of pathogenic bacteria on a fertilised background in the 1st period of soil sampling practically did not change (0.7–0.8%), but in the 2nd period, it decreased sharply (from 2.5 to 1.1%). However, the authors note a decrease in the content of pathogenic bacteria. This decrease was accompanied by an increase in their abundance (from 3.9•105 to 1.4•106 copies/g), mainly Pseudomonas sp bacteria (from 2.1•105 to 9.3•105 copies/g), which is a consequence of a general increase in the abundance of bacteria in the microbiome against the background of enrichment of the soil with organic matter and an increase in soil fertility. The authors did not reveal a significant negative microbiological effect after the action of fresh biological chicken dropping on the soil’s ecological state at the specified research stage.
Outpatient telemedicine in neurosurgery: 15,677 consecutive encounters in a comparative analysis of its effectiveness and impact on the surgical conversion rate
Authors: Hopkins Benjamin S. , Cloney Michael B. , Texakalidis Pavlos , Karras Constantine L. , El Tecle Najib , Swong Kevin , Ganju Aruna , Stricsek Geoffrey , Wolinksy Jean-Paul , Potts Matthew B. , Jahromi Babak S. , Koski Tyler , Dahdaleh Nader S. 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated the use of telehealth visits (THVs). The effects on neurosurgical practice have not been well characterized, especially concerning new-patient THVs. Therefore, the authors of this study reviewed their institution’s experience with outpatient clinic visits and THVs from before the COVID-19 pandemic to the present to focus on clinical metrics, rates of surgery, and the effects of implementing THVs in order to better understand their implications for clinical practice as more data emerge over time.

METHODS
The authors reviewed 15,677 consecutive new outpatient in-person visits (IPVs), THVs, and neurosurgical procedures/cases proceeding from their institution between 2018 and 2022 for trends and associations related to THVs.

RESULTS
Among spine patients, there was no difference in the proportion of encounters that led to surgery (surgical conversion rate) between THVs and IPVs (p = 0.49). Among cranial patients, THVs were negatively associated with conversion (OR 0.73, p = 0.03). On average, patients using THVs lived further from the hospital (p < 0.001); however, the patient catchment area appeared unchanged. The median distance to the hospital among THV patients was counterbalanced by a decreased distance for spine patients pursing IPVs (p < 0.001), with no significant change to case volume. There was no change in distance to the hospital among cranial patients. For both cranial and spine patients, surgical conversion was more likely among those who lived a great distance from the hospital if their initial encounter was an IPV (p = 0.007 and < 0.001, respectively). However, there was no relationship between distance from the hospital and surgical conversion among THV patients (p = 0.565). The availability of THVs did not significantly affect follow-up time (p = 0.837). For new patients at IPVs, there was no difference in time to the operating room between cranial and spine cases; for new patients at THVs, however, time to the operating room was significantly faster for cranial cases than for spine cases (p = 0.0018).

CONCLUSIONS
Compared to IPVs, THVs lead to decreased surgical conversion for cranial patients but not spine patients. THVs do not appear to increase the catchment area. For patients who live far from the hospital, an IPV is associated with surgical conversion. Surgical conversion is faster following cranial THVs than after spine THVs. THVs did not increase the duration of follow-up.
Neurosurgical outcomes of pediatric cerebral venous sinus thrombosis following acute mastoiditis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Victor M. , Abou-Al-Shaar Hussam , Rangwala Shivani D. , Kappel Ari D. , Lehman Laura L. , Orbach Darren B. , See Alfred P. 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE
Neurosurgical outcomes are not well defined in the management of pediatric patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) following acute mastoiditis. Specific notable sequelae are otogenic (otitic) hydrocephalus and CVST management. Correspondingly, the aim of this study was to integrate the currently published metadata to summarize these outcomes.

METHODS
Electronic searches were performed using the Ovid Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases from inception to November 2022 following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Cohort-level data were then abstracted for analysis for appropriate pediatric patients. Outcomes were pooled by random-effects meta-analyses of proportions where possible.

RESULTS
Twenty-three study cohorts describing 312 pediatric patients with otogenic CVST were included. At a cohort level, the median patient age was 6 years among 181 boys (58%) and 131 girls (42%). Modeling indicated papilledema at presentation in 46% of cases (95% CI 30%–62%). Regarding management, antibiotics were applied universally in all cases, mastoidectomy or other otologic surgery was performed in 91% (95% CI 82%–98%), and prophylactic anticoagulation was administered in 86% (95% CI 75%–95%). There was only 1 case (0.3%) of postprocedural intracranial hemorrhage, and there were no deaths reported among all studies. Although diagnostic lumbar puncture was performed in 14% (95% CI 3%–28%) at presentation, clinical otogenic hydrocephalus was ultimately suspected in 31% (95% CI 14%–49%), and acetazolamide was given in 65% (95% CI 35%–91%) overall. There were 10 cases (3%) that proceeded to permanent CSF diversion in the form of ventricular shunting. At a median follow-up of 8 months among all studies, the venous sinus was completely recanalized in 67% (95% CI 53%–79%).

CONCLUSIONS
Most CVSTs following acute mastoiditis will recanalize with the standard use of antibiotics, otologic surgery, and anticoagulation, with minimal symptomatic hemorrhage risk. However, an appreciable proportion of these patients will develop symptomatic otogenic hydrocephalus, and it is imperative that the appropriate surveillance and workup is performed to fully optimize patient outcomes long-term. The possible need for permanent CSF diversion should be recognized.
Natural history of adult spinal deformity: how do patients with suboptimal surgical outcomes fare relative to nonoperative counterparts?
Authors: Passias Peter G. , Joujon-Roche Rachel , Mir Jamshaid M. , Williamson Tyler K. , Tretiakov Peter S. , Imbo Bailey , Krol Oscar , Passfall Lara , Ahmad Salman , Lebovic Jordan , Owusu-Sarpong Stephane , Lanre-Amos Tomi , Protopsaltis Themistocles , Lafage Renaud , Lafage Virginie , Park Paul , Chou Dean , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Fu Kai-Ming G. , Than Khoi D. , Smith Justin S. , Janjua M. Burhan , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Diebo Bassel G. , Vira Shaleen 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE
Management of adult spinal deformity (ASD) has increasingly favored operative intervention; however, the incidence of complications and reoperations is high, and patients may fail to achieve idealized postsurgical results. This study compared health-related quality of life (HRQOL) metrics between patients with suboptimal surgical outcomes and those who underwent nonoperative management as a proxy for the natural history (NH) of ASD.

METHODS
ASD patients with 2-year data were included. Patients who were offered surgery but declined were considered nonoperative (i.e., NH) patients. Operative patients with suboptimal outcome (SOp)—defined as any reoperation, major complication, or ≥ 2 severe Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)–Schwab modifiers at follow-up—were selected for comparison. Propensity score matching (PSM) on the basis of baseline age, deformity, SRS-22 Total, and Charlson Comorbidity Index score was used to match the groups. ANCOVA and stepwise logistic regression analysis were used to assess outcomes between groups at 2 years.

RESULTS
In total, 441 patients were included (267 SOp and 174 NH patients). After PSM, 142 patients remained (71 SOp 71 and 71 NH patients). At baseline, the SOp and NH groups had similar demographic characteristics, HRQOL, and deformity (all p > 0.05). At 2 years, ANCOVA determined that NH patients had worse deformity as measured with sagittal vertical axis (36.7 mm vs 21.3 mm, p = 0.025), mismatch between pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis (11.9° vs 2.9°, p < 0.001), and pelvic tilt (PT) (23.1° vs 20.7°, p = 0.019). The adjusted regression analysis found that SOp patients had higher odds of reaching the minimal clinically important differences in Oswestry Disability Index score (OR [95% CI] 4.5 [1.7–11.5], p = 0.002), SRS-22 Activity (OR [95% CI] 3.2 [1.5–6.8], p = 0.002), SRS-22 Pain (OR [95% CI] 2.8 [1.4–5.9], p = 0.005), and SRS-22 Total (OR [95% CI] 11.0 [3.5–34.4], p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Operative patients with SOp still experience greater improvements in deformity and HRQOL relative to the progressive radiographic and functional deterioration associated with the NH of ASD. The NH of nonoperative management should be accounted for when weighing the risks and benefits of operative intervention for ASD.
Risk factors for sacral fracture following en bloc chordoma resection
Authors: Mikula Anthony L. , Pennington Zach , Lakomkin Nikita , Prablek Marc , Amini Behrang , Karim S. Mohammed , Patel Shalin S. , Lubelski Daniel , Sciubba Daniel M. , Alvarez-Breckenridge Christopher , North Robert Y. , Tatsui Claudio E. , Bydon Mohamad , Fogelson Jeremy L. , Elder Benjamin D. , Krauss William E. , Bird Justin E. , Rose Peter S. , Clarke Michelle J. , Rhines Laurence D. 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to analyze risk factors for sacral fracture following noninstrumented partial sacral amputation for en bloc chordoma resection.

METHODS
A multicenter retrospective chart review identified patients who underwent noninstrumented partial sacral amputation for en bloc chordoma resection with pre- and postoperative imaging. Hounsfield units (HU) were measured in the S1 level. Sacral amputation level nomenclature was based on the highest sacral level with bone removed (e.g., S1 foramen amputation at the S1–2 vestigial disc is an S2 sacral amputation). Variables collected included basic demographics, patient comorbidities, surgical approach, preoperative radiographic details, neoadjuvant and adjuvant radiation therapy, and postoperative sacral fracture data.

RESULTS
A total of 101 patients (60 men, 41 women) were included; they had an average age of 69 years, BMI of 29 kg/m2, and follow-up of 60 months. The sacral amputation level was S1 (2%), S2 (37%), S3 (44%), S4 (9%), and S5 (9%). Patients had a posterior-only approach (77%) or a combined anterior–posterior approach (23%), with 10 patients (10%) having partial sacroiliac (SI) joint resection. Twenty-seven patients (27%) suffered a postoperative sacral fracture, all occurring between 1 and 7 months after the index surgery. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated S1 or S2 sacral amputation level (p = 0.001), combined anterior–posterior approach (p = 0.0064), and low superior S1 HU (p = 0.027) to be independent predictors of sacral fracture. The fracture rate for patients with superior S1 HU < 225, 225–300, and > 300 was 38%, 15%, and 9%, respectively. An optimal superior S1 HU cutoff of 300 was found to maximize sensitivity (89%) and specificity (42%) in predicting postamputation sacral fracture. In addition, the fracture rate for patients who underwent partial SI joint resection was 100%.

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with S1 or S2 partial sacral amputations, a combined anterior–posterior surgical approach, low superior S1 HU, and partial SI joint resection are at higher risk for postoperative sacral fracture following en bloc chordoma resection and should be considered for spinopelvic instrumentation at the index procedure.