bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between type of conception through medically assisted reproduction and childhood cognition: a Danish population-wide cohort study
Authors: Fallesen Peter 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Previous research has indicated that children conceived through medically assisted reproduction (MAR) generally have cognitive outcomes comparable to or better than naturally conceived children. However, previous studies have been limited in their ability to examine this relationship at a population level and consider variations across different types of MAR.

Methods
This study utilizes data from all live births in Denmark between 2006 and 2009 (n = 259 608), including a subset of births resulting from MAR conceptions (n = 13 566). The dependent variable is the standardized test scores obtained in the second and third grades of primary schools. A comparison is made between the test scores of children spontaneously conceived (SC) and those conceived through intrauterine insemination (IUI) and assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Ordinary least squares regressions are employed, with a baseline model adjusted only for birth year, as well as models that additionally account for conception-related confounders and sociodemographic family characteristics.

Results
In the baseline analysis, ART- and IUI-conceived children displayed better test scores compared with their SC peers. However, after adjusting for relevant factors, ART-conceived children performed worse than SC peers, while IUI-conceived children performed equally well as SC peers and better than ART-conceived children.

Conclusions
These results likely reflect differences in the selection process of potential parents into the type of MAR, as well as the consequences of variations in fecundability. Nevertheless, the differences observed across conception types were overshadowed by test score disparities in socioeconomic background.
Chlamydia trachomatis infection regulates the expression of tetraspanins, activin-A, and inhibin-A in tubal ectopic pregnancy
Authors: Pant Shipra , Bhati Tanu , Dimri Astha , Arora Renu , Siraj Fouzia , Raisuddin Sheikh , Rastogi Sangita 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mechanism of Chlamydia trachomatis causing tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP) is not well understood. Tetraspanins (tspans), activin-A, and inhibin-A might play a role in the development of pathological conditions leading to EP. The study aimed to elucidate the expression of tspans, activin-A, and inhibin-A with a role of associated cytokines in C. trachomatis-associated EP and analyze interacting partners of DEGs, with an expression of a few important interacting genes. Fallopian tissue and serum were collected from 100 EP (Group I) and 100 controls (Group II) from SJH, New Delhi, India. Detection of C. trachomatis was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and IgG antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of tspans, activin-A, inhibin-A, and cytokines was analyzed by real time (RT)-PCR and their interacting genes were assessed by STRING. Expression of few disease-associated interacting genes was studied by RT-PCR. A total of 29% (Group I) were C. trachomatis positive. Tspans and activin-A were significantly upregulated, while inhibin-A was significantly downregulated in Group Ia. ITGA1, TLR-2, ITGB2, and Smad-3 were a few interacting genes. Expression of ITGA1, TLR-2, and Smad-3 was significantly upregulated in C. trachomatis-positive EP. Results suggested dysregulated tspans, activin-A, and inhibin-A might play a role in C. trachomatis-infected tubal EP.
Chromosomal-level Genome Assembly of the Coffee Bee Hawk Moth Reveals the Evolution of Chromosomes and the Molecular Basis of Distinct Phenotypes
Authors: Yamabe Takahiro , Kajitani Rei , Toyoda Atsushi , Itoh Takehiko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCephonodes hylas, the coffee bee hawk moth is a hawk moth species with unique characteristics, such as larvae feeding on gardenia, overcoming the toxicity of its iridoid glycosides, diurnal adults, and transparent wings. Although C. hylas is a fascinating model for molecular biological research, genome sequence analysis-based genetic approaches to elucidate these peculiarities have not yet been undertaken. We successfully achieved de novo genome assembly at the chromosome level of C. hylas comparable to the Lepidoptera model organism, silkworm. Additionally, 16,854 protein-coding genes were annotated, and the constructed genome sequence and annotated genes were of the highest quality BUSCO completion compared to closely related species. Comparative genome analysis revealed the process of chromosomal evolution from the Bombycoidea ancestral (n = 31) genome and changes in turnover at the chromosome level associated with chromosomal fusion events, such as the rate of repetitive sequence insertion. These analyses were only possible because the genome was constructed at the chromosome level. Additionally, increased the nonsynonymous/synonymous rate (dN/dS) ratios were observed in multiple photoreceptor-related genes that were strongly associated with the acquisition of diurnal activity. Furthermore, tandemly duplicated expanded genes containing many digestive and other enzymes and larval midgut-specific expression were also confirmed. These genes may be involved in the metabolism of genipin, a toxin found in gardenias. Using the genome sequence of C. hylas determined at the chromosome level, we have successfully identified new insights into the chromosomal evolution of Bombycoidea, as well as the relationship between the genome sequence and its characteristic traits.
Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Muscular Strength Do Not Predict Social Cognitive Capacity in Older Age
Authors: Grainger Sarah A , Henry Julie D , Alister Manikya , Bourdaniotis Xanthia E , Mead Jessica , Bailey Tom G , Coombes Jeff S , Vear Natalie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Social cognitive function often declines in older age but the mechanisms underlying these declines are not completely clear. Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular strength are positively associated with broader cognitive function in older adults, yet surprisingly, no study has examined whether a similar relationship exists between CRF or muscular strength and social cognition in older age.

Methods
We assessed whether higher CRF and muscular strength were associated with enhanced social cognitive function in a sample of fifty older adults (Mage = 70.08, standard deviation = 3.93). Participants completed a gold-standard cardiopulmonary exercise test to assess CRF, an isometric handgrip strength test to index muscular strength, and validated measures of social cognition to index emotion perception and theory of mind (ToM).

Results
The results showed that CRF and muscular strength did not explain any unique variance in older adults’ social cognitive performance. Bayesian analyses confirmed that the evidence for the null hypothesis was moderate for all tested relationships, except for the relationship between CRF and cognitive ToM where the evidence for the null was anecdotal.

Discussion
This study has provided the first evidence to suggest that CRF and muscular strength—two important modifiable lifestyle factors—are not associated with social cognition in healthy older adults. However, replication studies are now needed to cross-validate these findings and to clarify whether any moderating variables may be important for understanding the relationship between fitness and social cognition in older age.
Frailty and Processing Speed Performance at the Cusp of Midlife in CATSLife
Authors: Luna Maria G , Pahlen Shandell , Corley Robin P , Wadsworth Sally J , Reynolds Chandra A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Frailty is not an end state of aging, but rather represents physiological vulnerability across multiple systems that unfolds across adulthood. However, examinations of frailty at the midlife transition, and how frailty may impact other age-sensitive traits, such as processing speed (PS), remain scarce. Our research aims were to examine frailty and frailty-speed associations before midlife, a ripe developmental period for healthy aging interventions.

Methods
Using data from the Colorado Adoption/Twin Study of Lifespan behavioral development and cognitive aging (N = 1,215; Mage = 33.23 years; standard deviation = 4.98), we constructed 25-item (FI25) and 30-item (FI30) frailty indices. PS was measured using the Colorado Perceptual Speed task and WAIS-III Digit Symbol (DS) subtest. Multilevel models accounted for clustering among siblings and adjusted for sex, race, ethnicity, adoption status, educational attainment, and age.

Results
Reliability of FI measures was apparent from strong intraclass correlations (ICCs) among identical twin siblings, although ICC patterns across all siblings suggested that FI variability may include nonadditive genetic contributions. Higher FI was associated with poorer PS performance but was significant for DS only (BFI25 = −1.17, p = .001, d = −0.12; BFI30 = −1.21, p = .001, d = −0.12). Furthermore, the negative frailty-DS association was moderated by age (BFI25×age = −0.14, p = .042; BFI30×age=−0.19, p = .008) where increasingly worse performance with higher frailty emerged at older ages.

Discussion
Frailty is evident before midlife and associated with poorer PS, an association that magnifies with age. These findings help elucidate the interrelationship between indicators of frailty and cognitive performance for adults approaching midlife, an understudied period within life-span development.
Molecular analysis of acetylcholinesterase gene in field-collected populations of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) in Northwestern Iran
Authors: Adib Delnia , Jafari Abbas , Silivanova Elena , Basseri Hamidreza , Gholizadeh Saber 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, pyrethroid (Py) insecticides are commonly used against household insect pests and housefly. The combination of Py and organophosphates (OP) are also utilized to combat these insects. The resistance status of Iranian housefly populations to them and carbamate (CB) insecticides is uncertain. This study investigates the presence of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) mutations related to the resistance of Musca domestica to OP and/or CB insecticides in Northwestern Iran. Nucleotides 1041–1776, based on their positions in the ACE gene of aabys strain, were amplified and sequenced in houseflies collected from West Azerbaijan, Gilan, and Ardebil Provinces, Iran. Among 12 single-nucleotide polymorphisms detected, 3 mismatches were found at nucleotides 1174 (T/A, G), 1473 (G/T, C), and 1668 (T/A), leading to amino acid substitutions in V260L, G342A/V, and F407Y positions with various combinations. Genotyping results showed that 85% of specimens had at least one of these substitutions. In addition, the Iranian housefly population was composed of 5 insensitive and sensitive alleles. For the first time, the current study reports the presence of V260L, G342A, G342V, and F407Y substitutions in M. domestica specimens collected from Northwestern Iran. The selection of multiple alleles in field populations might be due to the application of various pesticides/insecticides during extended periods in the region. These molecular levels signify the presence of control problems in the area and the need for developing effective control strategies for such populations.
De novo metastatic breast cancer in men vs women: a Swedish population-based cohort study
Authors: Schiza Aglaia , Fredriksson Irma , Sund Malin , Valachis Antonios 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Current evidence on de novo metastatic breast cancer is based on data from women. This Swedish population-based cohort study compared the incidence over time and prognosis of de novo metastatic breast cancer between sexes using data from the Swedish National Quality Register for Breast Cancer. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to compare incidence trends in all stages (104 733 women, 648 men) and multivariate Cox regression analysis to investigate potential sex disparities in de novo metastatic breast cancer prognosis (6005 women, 41 men). For both sexes, increased trends were evident for cancer stages I and II, with a stabilizing trend at the later years for women, while stage III incidence remained stable. An increased trend for de novo metastatic breast cancer in women, and to a lesser extent in men, was observed. No difference in de novo metastatic breast cancer overall survival between sexes was observed (hazard ratio = 1.24; 95% confidence interval = 0.85 to 1.81). The comparable features in terms of incidence and prognosis of de novo metastatic breast cancer between sexes imply similarities, supporting the adoption of common treatment strategies.
Association of functional, inherited vitamin D–binding protein variants with melanoma-specific death
Authors: Gibbs David Corley , Thomas Nancy E , Kanetsky Peter A , Luo Li , Busam Klaus J , Cust Anne E , Anton-Culver Hoda , Gallagher Richard P , Zanetti Roberto , Rosso Stefano , Sacchetto Lidia , Edmiston Sharon N , Conway Kathleen , Ollila David W , Begg Colin B , Berwick Marianne , Ward Sarah V , Orlow Irene 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
It is unclear whether genetic variants affecting vitamin D metabolism are associated with melanoma prognosis. Two functional missense variants in the vitamin D–binding protein gene (GC), rs7041 and rs4588, determine 3 common haplotypes, Gc1s, Gc1f, and Gc2, of which Gc1f may be associated with decreased all-cause death among melanoma patients based on results of a prior study, but the association of Gc1f with melanoma-specific death is unclear.

Methods
We investigated the association of the Gc1s, Gc1f, and Gc2 haplotypes with melanoma-specific and all-cause death among 4490 individuals with incident, invasive primary melanoma in 2 population-based studies using multivariable Cox-proportional hazards regression.

Results
In the pooled analysis of both datasets, the patients with the Gc1f haplotype had a 37% lower risk of melanoma-specific death than the patients without Gc1f (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.47 to 0.83, P = .001), with adjustments for age, sex, study center, first- or higher-order primary melanoma, tumor site, pigmentary phenotypes, and Breslow thickness. Associations were similar in both studies. In pooled analyses stratified by Breslow thickness, the corresponding melanoma-specific death HRs for those patients with the Gc1f haplotype compared with those without Gc1f were 0.89 (95% CI = 0.63 to 1.27) among participants with tumor Breslow thickness equal to or less than 2.0 mm and 0.40 (95% CI = 0.25 to 0.63) among participants with tumor Breslow thickness greater than 2.0 mm (Pinteraction = .003).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that individuals with the GC haplotype Gc1f may have a lower risk of dying from melanoma—specifically from thicker, higher-risk melanoma—than individuals without this Gc1f haplotype.
Emerging Resistance Trends in Viridans Group Streptococci Bloodstream Infections Among Immunocompromised Children Receiving Levofloxacin Prophylaxis
Authors: Quintero Ana M , Cruz Vidal Diego A , Klamer Brett G , Ardura Monica I , Oyeniran Sophonie J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Levofloxacin prophylaxis (LVXp) is often used for patients with underlying leukemia and severe neutropenia to reduce the risk of fever and bacteremia. This study evaluated trends in viridans group streptococci (VGS) antibiotic susceptibilities over time and clinical outcomes of children with VGS bloodstream infections (BSIs) during institutional adoption of LVXp.

Methods
VGS blood culture isolates between 1/1/2010 and 12/31/2021 with susceptibility testing reported were included. Available isolates were re-identified to the species level and additional susceptibility testing was performed. Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from medical records.

Results
A total of 264 VGS BSI isolates were identified in immunocompromised (IC, n = 125) and non-immunocompromised subjects, (non-IC, n = 139). IC subjects had lower rates of VGS isolates susceptible (S) to LVX and higher minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) to LVX (p = 0.004) and ciprofloxacin (p = 0.0005) compared with non-IC subjects. No other evaluated antibiotic had increased MICs in either group. Fifteen of 19 (74%) LVX not susceptible (NS) isolates occurred in IC subjects, 13 represented breakthrough infections. IC subjects had higher rates of VGS-related shock (p = 0.012), need for pressor support (p = 0.039), and longer duration of hospitalization than non-IC subjects (p &lt; 0.001). Clinical outcomes were comparable between subjects with LVX S and NS VGS BSI isolates.

Conclusions
VGS with reduced susceptibility to LVX emerged during institutional adoption of LVXp in high-risk children with immunocompromising conditions, but did not result in significant differences in clinical outcomes. Ongoing surveillance and susceptibility testing are critical in weighing the utility of LVXp against emerging antimicrobial resistance in this high-risk population.
Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Biomass and Photosynthetic Pigments in Avena sativa
Authors: García Neftali Rangel , Moreno Javier Villegas , Borjas-García Salomón , Kumar-Tiwari Dhirendra , Cisneros Gladys Juárez 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The nanotechnology applications in agricultural systems are multiple since they offer the potential to significantly improve plant development as well as reduce economic and environmental costs. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (NpsZnO) and other metals have been shown to have positive effects in this field. In this work, NpsZnO were synthesized and their impact on the Avena sativa plant was evaluated. The synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) was carried out using the sol-gel method and the application of these was carried out in the seeds prior to their sowing. The results indicate that mesoporous NPs were obtained. The results indicated that the plants exposed to the application of NpsZnO had a significantly higher biomass production compared to the control treatment plants, showing values ​​of up to 0.45 (g) compared to the control that contained an average of 0.2 g an increase in the chlorophyll index was observed, obtaining concentrations up to 4 times the control. The growth-promoting effect of the applied NPs could be due to the activity of zinc as a precursor in the synthesis of auxins that promote cell division and elongation.
Physiology of Health and Performance: Enabling Success of Women in Combat Arms Roles
Authors: Dyches Karmon D , Friedl Karl E , Greeves Julie P , Keller Margaux F , McClung Holly L , McGurk Michael S , Popp Kristin L , Teyhen Deydre S 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The modern female soldier has yet to be fully characterized as she steps up to fill new combat roles that have only recently been opened to women. Both U.S. and U.K. military operational research efforts are supporting a science-based evolution of physical training and standards for female warfighters. The increasing representation of women in all military occupations makes it possible to discover and document the limits of female physiological performance.

Method
An informal Delphi process was used to synthesize an integrated concept of current military female physiological research priorities and emerging findings using a panel of subject matter experts who presented their research and perspectives during the second Women in Combat Summit hosted by the TriService Nursing Research Program in February 2021.

Results
The physical characteristics of the modern soldier are changing as women train for nontraditional military roles, and they are emerging as stronger and leaner. Capabilities and physique will likely continue to evolve in response to new Army standards and training programs designed around science-based sex-neutral requirements. Strong bones may be a feature of the female pioneers who successfully complete training and secure roles traditionally reserved for men. Injury risk can be reduced by smarter, targeted training and with attention directed to female-specific hormonal status, biomechanics, and musculoskeletal architecture. An “estrogen advantage” appears to metabolically support enhanced mental endurance in physically demanding high-stress field conditions; a healthy estrogen environment is also essential for musculoskeletal health. The performance of female soldiers can be further enhanced by attention to equipment that serves their needs with seemingly simple solutions such as a suitable sports bra and personal protective equipment that accommodates the female anatomy.

Conclusions
Female physiological limits and performance have yet to be adequately defined as women move into new roles that were previously developed and reserved for men. Emerging evidence indicates much greater physical capacity and physiological resilience than previously postulated.
Leaders, Talent Management, and Allies: The Keys to Successful Integration in the Combat Arms
Authors: Yarnell Angela , Carreño Patricia K , Davis Lindsey , McGovern Meaghan , Keller Margaux 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Servicewomen enhance the U.S. Military fighting force by bringing diverse perspectives, collaborative and creative problem-solving skills for global peace and security, and innovative, adaptive talent as leaders. Despite servicewomen integrating into combat units over the past decade, a number of barriers remain related to inclusion, promotion, and quality of life, particularly for marginalized women. To eliminate inequities experienced by servicewomen, leaders across all levels of the military play a key role in supporting the successful integration of servicewomen, cultivating an environment of belonging, and guarding against toxicity, which will result in optimized performance and readiness for all servicemembers in defense of the Nation. Herein, we review the original gaps related to leadership and peer behaviors identified by the 2014 Women in Combat Symposium, provide updates in the literature, address the topics that arose at the 2021 Women in Combat Symposium, and finally, outline the remaining barriers and challenges to the successful integration of female servicemembers.
AMICO galaxy clusters in KiDS-DR3: Constraints on ΛCDM from extreme value statistics
Authors: Busillo V , Covone G , Sereno M , Ingoglia L , Radovich M , Bardelli S , Castignani G , Giocoli C , Lesci G F , Marulli F , Maturi M , Moscardini L , Puddu E , Roncarelli M 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We constrain the ΛCDM cosmological parameter σ8 by applying the extreme value statistics for galaxy cluster mass on the AMICO KiDS-DR3 catalogue. We sample the posterior distribution of the parameters by considering the likelihood of observing the largest cluster mass value in a sample of Nobs = 3644 clusters with intrinsic richness λ* &gt; 20 in the redshift range z ∈ [0.10, 0.60]. We obtain $\sigma _{8}=0.90_{-0.18}^{+0.20}$, consistent within 1σ with the measurements obtained by the Planck collaboration and with previous results from cluster cosmology exploiting AMICO KiDS-DR3. The constraints could improve by applying this method to forthcoming missions, such as Euclid and LSST, which are expected to deliver thousands of distant and massive clusters.