bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sonochemistry synthesis of zinc silicate ceramic nanoparticles and their characterization
Authors: Bouatrous Mehieddine , Bouzerara Ferhat , Bizot Quentin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This research aims to present a sonochemical synthesis method for high-purity willemite nanopowders. Initially, zinc silicate hydrate nanoparticles were created using a modified sonochemistry method in which zinc salts and waterglass were used as starting materials to obtain zinc silicate precipitate under pH-controlled conditions (11-12) and Argon gas flux. Following that, the precipitate was heat treated at various temperatures. TGA/DSC, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX), and N2 gas adsorption characterizations were also used to assess phase changes, morphological properties, microstructures, and chemical composition.
The formation temperature of a well-crystalline willemite monophase was determined to be 890°C, and this was supported by XRD analysis. The synthetized material had high homogeneity and excellent purity, according to EDX elemental mapping. Its nanometric nature was further confirmed by microscopic observations (SEM, TEM). Notably, compared to previously reported methods, the aforementioned technique uses a moderate synthesizing temperature, making it economical for mass production and potentially useful in a variety of industrial fields, including ceramics, paints, plastics, biomaterials, and composites, among others.
EDX elemental mapping demonstrated high homogeneity and excellent purity of the material. Microscopic observations (SEM, TEM) further confirmed its nanometric character. Notably, the aforementioned method employs a moderate synthesising temperature compared to previously reported methods, making it cost-effective for mass production with potential applications in various industrial fields, such as ceramics, paints, plastics, biomaterials, and composites, among others.
Amelioration of rheumatoid arthritis in rats by 4-allylanisole through modulation of inflammatory mediator
Authors: Parveen Sajida , Shabbir Arham , Butt Adeel Masood , Imran Muhammad , Jamil Anum , Asim Ashna , Mashaal Kiran 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background 4-Allylanisole, also known as Estragole (EST), is an important chemical constituent of many aromatic plants found in nature and possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Aim: Arthritic rat model induced by Freund's complete adjuvant was used to determine the anti-arthritic potential of EST in present study.
Method: It was given to three groups which were administered low dose (10 mg/kg b.w.), medium dose (30 mg/kg b.w.), and of high dose (60 mg/kg b.w.). Piroxicam was used as reference drug. Arthritic score was evaluated macroscopically and through histopathological evaluation, while paw edema was evaluated using Vernier caliper. The RT-qPCR, (Real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) was used to measure expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators including interleukins (-1β) and (-6) and tumor necrosis factor. Hematological indices i.e. differential leukocyte count (DLC) and total leukocyte count (TLC), along with biochemical indices were also determined.
Result: All evaluated hematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameter, as well as, mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were found raised in disease control group. 4-Allylanisole significantly attenuated development of arthritis and paw edema. These results were validated by histopathological evaluation which also demonstrated amelioration of arthritis in treated groups. DLC and TLC were also nearly normalized in treatment groups. 4-allyanisole significantly attenuated the raised levels of AST, ALT, urea and creatinine. RT-qPCR analysis showed that treatment with 4-allylanisole significantly reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels.
Conclusion: The results concluded that the phytochemical 4-allylanisole possesses significant anti-arthritic activity which may be attributed to down-regulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels.
Characterization of the Govanda Formation limestones: chemostratigraphy and tectonic setting of the last marine carbonate rocks in Arabia–Eurasia suture zone, the NW Zagros fold-thrust belt
Authors: Abdulrehman Zhin S. , Aqrawi Ahmed M. , Koshnaw Renas I. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To demystify the geochemical properties of the shallow marine Govanda Formation that are ~ 1500 m high Arabia–Eurasia suture zone, three stratigraphic sections were sampled in the NW Zagros fold–thrust belt in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. This study examined the petrography and geochemistry of major, trace, and rare earth elements (REE) of the lower–middle Miocene Govanda Formation. Microfacies analysis shows that packstone and wackstone dominate the ticker western section, whereas the eastern sections contain grainstone and clastic units. The carbonates were deposited in shallow marine reef-fore-reef environments that were not affected by diagenetic alterations. The limestone beds have a consistent seawater-like REE pattern, slightly negative Ce anomalies (Ce/Ce* = 0.79 in MSL and = 0.89 in ML), relatively positive Eu anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 1.18 in MSL and = 1.14 in ML), and moderately high Y/Ho ratios (37.69 n = 29). The REE + Y pattern of samples mainly retains its original characters but the variations in the total rare earth element (ΣREE) content are related to the quantity of detrital materials inputs. Authigenic U, negative Ce anomalies, trace element ratio indices such as V/Cr, U/Th, Ni/Co, and V/(V + Ni) indicate suboxic–anoxic deposition conditions. Positive correlation of Al2O3% contents with Fe2O3% related the carbonate of Govanda Formation to the Open-ocean limestones. The Rb-Sr-Ba ternary diagram, and Sr/Ba vs. Sr/Rb, Al2O3% vs. Fe2O3%, and Ce/Ce* vs. Sm/Yb bivariate analyses imply that the studied limestones originated in the passive margin tectonic setting.
A first characterization of the Microbiota-Resilience Link in Swine
Authors: Mancin Enrico , Maltecca Christian , Huang Yi Jian , Mantovani Roberto , Tiezzi Francesco 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in understanding complex biological mechanisms, including host resilience to stressors. Investigating the microbiota-resilience link in animals and plants holds relevance in addressing challenges like adaptation of agricultural species to a warming environment. This study aims to characterize the microbiota-resilience connection in swine. As resilience is not directly observable, we estimated it using four distinct indicators based on daily feed consumption variability, assuming animals with greater intake variation may face challenges in maintaining stable physiological status. These indicators were analyzed both as linear and categorical variables. In our first set of analyses, we explored the microbiota-resilience link using PERMANOVA, α-diversity analysis, and Discriminant Analysis. Additionally, we quantified the ratio of estimated microbiota variance to total phenotypic variance (microability). Finally, we conducted a Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) to assess the classification performance of the microbiota with indicators expressed in classes.
Results
This study offers four key insights. Firstly, among all indicators, two effectively captured resilience. Secondly, our analyses revealed robust relationship between microbial composition and resilience in terms of both composition and richness. We found decreased α-diversity in less resilient animals, while specific Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) and KEGG pathways associated with inflammatory responses were negatively linked to resilience. Thirdly, considering resilience indicators in classes, we observed significant differences in microbial composition primarily in animals with lower resilience. Lastly, our study indicates that gut microbial composition can serve as a reliable biomarker for distinguishing individuals with lower resilience.
Conclusion
Our comprehensive analyses have highlighted the host-microbiota and resilience connection, contributing valuable insights to the existing scientific knowledge. The practical implications of PLS-DA and microability results are noteworthy. PLS-DA suggests that host-microbiota interactions could be utilized as biomarkers for monitoring resilience. Furthermore, the microability findings show that leveraging host-microbiota insights may improve the selection of resilient animals, supporting their adaptive capacity in response to changing environmental conditions. These practical implications offer promising avenues for enhancing animal well-being and adaptation strategies in the context of environmental challenges faced by livestock populations.
Elucidating the hepatoprotective mechanisms of Vernonia cinerea phytoactives in drug-induced liver injury by computational approach of network pharmacology, molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies
Authors: Dhongadi Muralidhar R , Pattanashetti Laxmi , Patil Vishal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI), also known as Hepatotoxicity, refers to unexpected liver damage triggered by common medications, which harms hepatocytes and other liver cells. This damage can either be intrinsic, appearing shortly after drug exposure, or idiosyncratic, emerging from intricate interactions of individual and environmental factors with the drug. Despite precautions taken during drug development, preventing DILI remains a daunting task due to insufficient preventive guidelines. Herbal remedies such as Vernonia cinerea, known as purple fleabane or Sahadevi, might provide a potential treatment for DILI. Traditionally, this plant has been used for ailments like hepatitis, fever, diabetes, and asthma, demonstrating a wide array of pharmacological properties. Nonetheless, traditional medicine frequently lacks adequate scientific data on these herbal remedies' composition, action mechanisms, and ADMET profiles.The present study's goal is to uncover potential phytoconstituents in V. cinerea associated with DILI or hepatotoxicity and shed light on their possible treatment mechanisms using chemo-informatic tools and databases like STRING, Cytoscape 3.6.1 for network pharmacology, PyRx 0.8, DSV 2022 for molecular docking, and GROMACS for dynamic simulation studies.Out of the twenty-six phytoactives, Feroxin A and Apocyanin B demonstrated the highest drug-likeness scores, i.e., 1.1 and 0.94, respectively. Further docking studies showed that Apocyanin B, when complexed with Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), displayed the lowest binding energy (-9.6kcal/mol) and formed complex stability with 11 residues: Leu718, Val726, Ala743, Lys745, Met766, Gln791, Leu792, Met793, Arg841, Leu844, and Lys852 over a 100 ns molecular dynamic production run.In contrast, the Erlotinib-EGFR complex was used as a reference to validate the Apocyanin B protein with the EGFR complex. Erlotinib docking exhibited a binding energy of -6.7kJ/mol and created complex stability through 11 residues like Leu718, Val726, Ala743, Lys745, Thr790, Leu792, Gly796, and Leu844 during the dynamic state at a 100ns run.The hepatoprotective capability of Vernonia cinerea may be attributed to the presence of phytoactives, particularly Apocyanin B, which modulate targets such as AKT1, PIK3CA, MAPK, HRAS, and EGFR. The findings from this study illuminate the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the hepatoprotective advantages of Vernonia cinerea.
Arenobufagin increases the sensitivity of gastric cancer to cisplatin via alkaliptosis
Authors: Liu Chengwei , Li Dongchang , Wang Jian , Wang Zhengguang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Few novel therapeutic strategies have been developed for gastric cancer. Cisplatin (CDDP) mainly exerts its anti-gastric cancer effect, but its resistance limits use. Thus, application of drugs which could augment its anti-tumor effect is necessary. Arenobufagin (ArBu) was identified as a novel anti-cancer agent. However, the effect of ArBu combined with CDDP on gastric cancer has not been studied. To identify a possible synergistic effect between ArBu and CDDP on gastric cancer and to investigate the underlying mechanism.
Methods The cell viability, colony formation, migration, apoptosis, cell cycle, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction were analyzed in vitro. Western blotting, reverse-transcription, hematoxylin-eosin staining and blood biochemistry were carried out to examine in vivo.
Results We found that ArBu combination with CDDP effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration of gastric cancer cells and promoted apoptosis of cells, downregulation of CA9, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression. In addition, treatment with ArBu combination CDDP increased the level of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase subunit beta (IKBKB), E-cadherin and Nuclear factor-k-gene binding (NF-κB). Furthermore, ArBu combination with CDDP also exerted inhibitory effects on tumor growth in xenograft nude mice and no obvious side effects.
Conclusion ArBu synergized with CDDP to inhibit tumor growth in vivo and in vitro through induction of alkaliptosis. This indicates that ArBu combination with CDDP may serve as a potential agent for the treatment of gastric cancer.
S048 Low skeletal muscle radiodensity is a risk factor for adjuvant chemotherapy discontinuation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Yokoi Keigo , Watanabe Akiko , Yokota Kazuko , Kojima Keita , Tanaka Toshimichi , Kojo Ken , Miura Hirohisa , Yamanashi Takahiro , Sato Takeo , Yamashita Keishi , Kumamoto Yusuke , Hiki Naoki , Naitoh Takeshi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Previously, we reported SMR (skeletal muscle radiodensity) as a potential prognostic marker for colorectal cancer. However, there have been limited studies on the association between SMR and the continuation of adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer.
Methods
In this retrospective study, 143 colorectal cancer patients underwent curative surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy using the CAPOX regimen. Patients' SMRs were measured from preoperative CT images and divided into low (bottom quarter) and high (top three quarters) SMR groups. We compared chemotherapy cycles, capecitabine and oxaliplatin doses, and adverse effects in each group.
Results
The low SMR group had significantly fewer patients completing adjuvant chemotherapy compared to the high SMR group (44% vs. 68%, P<0.01). Capecitabine and oxaliplatin doses were also lower in the low SMR group. Incidences of Grade 2 or Grade 3 adverse effects did not differ between groups, but treatment discontinuation due to adverse effects was significantly higher in the low SMR group. Logistic regression analysis revealed Stage III disease (odds ratio 9.30, 95% CI: 1.07-80.54) and low SMR (odds ratio 3.09, 95% CI: 1.07-8.94) as factors associated with unsuccessful treatment completion. Additionally, a higher proportion of low SMR patients received fewer than 2 cycles of chemotherapy (50% vs. 12%).
Conclusion
The low SMR group showed higher treatment incompletion rates and received lower drug doses during adjuvant chemotherapy. Low SMR independently contributed to treatment non-completion in colorectal cancer patients.
A Comparative Study of Cyber Attack Detection &amp; Prediction Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Gawand Swati Prakash , Kumar Meesala Sudhir 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, Internet utilization is expanding rapidly. This is primarily attributable to the recent tendency of cheaper electronic devices and data packages. In reality, the Internet is a vital part of people's daily lives in the modern world. Due to the high usage, our confidential information may be accidentally leaked elsewhere on the internet. Cyber security is a broad area of study that addresses the fundamentals of data misuse and internet security threats. Cyber security is crucial in every industry to protect corporate data and to comprehend assault vectors. Protecting information from Cyber-attacks has become more challenging. In this paper we present a proposed system that analyses the dataset and identifies whether given data is normal or anomalous we use machine learning algorithms to analyze datasets in the proposed system. After analyzing the dataset, attempt to identify and predict a cyber-attack. For classification, detection, and prediction of cyber-attacks, algorithms such as K Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Decision Tree (DT), Gaussian Naive Bayes (GNB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gradient Boosting Classifier (GB) and Random Forest (RF) are used. Here we are using a dataset containing a wide variety of simulated intrusions into a military network environment that was made available. This paper compares machine learning algorithms based on parameters such as Precision, Recall, F1 Score, Accuracy, and Cross-Validation of the system and suggests which algorithm provides accurate results. Publicly available datasets (Network intrusion dataset) were analyzed in this study. These data can be found here: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/sampadab17/network-intrusion-detection
The effect of intra-nasal co-treatment with insulin and growth factor-rich serum on behavioral defects, hippocampus histological, and oxidative-nitrosative stress changes induced by icv-STZ in a rat model
Authors: Ghaffari Mahdi Khorsand , Rafati Ali , Karbalaei Narges , Haghani Masoud , Nemati Marzieh , Sefati Niloofar , Namavar Mohammad Reza 
Published: August 2023

AbstractImpaired insulin and growth factor functions are thought to drive many alterations in neurodegenerative diseases like dementia and seem to contribute to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Recent studies revealed that nasal growth factor therapy could induce neuronal and oligodendroglia protection in rodent brain damage induction models. Impairment of several growth factor signaling was reported in neurodegenerative diseases. So, in the present study, we examine intranasal co-treatment of insulin and a pool of growth factor-rich serum (GFRS) which separated from activated platelets on memory and behavioral defects induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (icv-STZ) rat model also investigate changes in the hippocampus oxidative-nitrosative state and histology. We found that icv-STZ injection (3 mg/kg bilaterally) impairs spatial learning and memory in Morris Water Maze, leads to anxiogenic-like behavior in the open field arena, and induces oxidative-nitrosative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal/oligodendroglia death in the hippocampus. GFRS (1µl/kg, each other day, 9 doses) and regular insulin (4 U/40 µl, daily, 18 doses) treatments improved learning, memory, and anxiogenic behaviors. The present study showed that co-treatment (GFRS + insulin with respective dose) has more robust protection against hippocampus oxidative-nitrosative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal/oligodendroglia survival in comparison with the single therapy. Memory and behavioral improvements in the co-treatment of insulin and GFRS could be attributed to their effects in the reduction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus.
7, 8-dihydroxyflavone ameliorates cholinergic dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis via activation of Akt/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway in a rat model of vascular dementia
Authors: Dhaliwal Navneet , Dhaliwal Jatinder , Chopra Prof. Kanwaljit 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Vascular dementia (VD) is a degenerative cerebrovascular disorder associated with progressive cognitive decline. Previous reports have shown that 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a well-known TrkB agonist, is effective in ameliorating cognitive deficits in several disease models. Therefore, this study investigated the protective effects of 7,8-DHF against 2-VO-induced VD.
Methods
VD was established in rats using the permanent bilateral carotid arteries occlusion (two-vessel occlusion, 2-VO) model. 7,8-DHF (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and Donepezil (10 mg/kg) were administered for 4 weeks. Memory function was assessed by the novel objective recognition task (NOR) and Morris water maze (MWM)tests. Inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-kβ), oxidative stress, and apoptotic (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3) markers, along with the activity of choline acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was assessed. p-AKT, p-CREB, BDNF, and neurotransmitter (NT) (GLU, GABA, and ACh) levels were also analyzed in the hippocampus of 2-VO rats.
Results
Our results show that 7,8-DHF effectively improved memory performance, and cholinergic dysfunction in 2-VO model rats. Furthermore, 7,8-DHF treatment also increased p-AKT, p-CREB, and BDNF levels, suppressed oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers, and restored altered NT levels in the hippocampus.
Conclusions
These findings imply that 7, 8-DHF may act via multiple mechanisms and as such serve as a promising neuroprotective agent in the context of VD.
Anti-inflammatory effects of Placenta-derived exosomal miR-24-1-5p through targeting TNFAIP8 and its implication in enhancing placental endotoxin tolerance in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced placental inflammation
Authors: Zhang Yongqing , Li Lejun , Chen Luping , Fu Tiantian , Yan Guohui , Liang Zhaoxia , Sui Meihua , Chen Danqing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjective and design: Intra-amniotic infection (IAI) represents a potentially catastrophic complication during parturition, with potential for significant maternal and neonatal consequences. As a crucial immunological organ at the maternal-fetal interface, the immunoregulatory capacities of the placenta and the underlying molecular dynamics at play in the pathogenesis of IAI continue to be unclear. Recent studies have found that placenta-derived exosomes (Pd-Exos) and their contained microRNAs (miRNAs) may be involved in immune regulation during pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the immunoregulatory function of the placenta in connection with the progression of IAI, as well as to elucidate its potential molecular mechanisms. Material or subjects: An IAI model was developed by co-culturing full-term placental explants obtained from elective cesarean sections with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Using RT-qPCR and ELISA, the dynamic expression patterns of inflammatory factors within the placental explants were identified at varying time points post-LPS exposure. Pd-Exos were then isolated from the culture supernatant of placental explants and subjected to miRNA sequencing to pinpoint exosomal miRNAs integral to the immunoregulatory functions of the placenta. Subsequently, the role of a differentially expressed exosomal miRNA was validated. Results In the early phase of LPS stimulation, extensive pro-inflammatory responses were observed in placental explants, evidenced by the augmented expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. However, as the LPS stimulation progressed to the latter stages, a decrease in the pro-inflammatory response was noted, alongside a gradually surging anti-inflammatory response, signified by a diminishing ratio between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory indicators (TNF-α/IL-10 and IL-1β/IL-1Ra). Following prolonged LPS stimulation of placental explants, the expression of miR-24-1-5p was upregulated in Pd-Exos. Upon internalization by receptor cells (THP-1 cells and Swan 71 cells), miR-24-1-5p can inhibit the expression of its target gene Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 8 (TNFAIP8), thereby suppressing the expression of downstream inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β. Conclusion Prolonged exposure to the LPS in human term placental tissues induced endotoxin tolerance. Additionally, the placenta-derived exosomal miR-24-1-5p down-regulated the expression of the inflammatory markers TNF-α and IL-1β by inhibiting the functionality of TNFAIP8, thereby contributing to the placental endotoxin tolerance.