bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the relationship between personality traits, social appearance anxiety, and quality of life among nursing students
Authors: El-Etreby Rania Rabie , AbdElhay Eman Sameh , Kamel Nesma Ahmed , Hamed Samia Gamal Awad , Hamed Warda Elshahat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Nursing students represent a unique group that faces specific stressors. One of these stressors is social appearance anxiety, which can adversely affect the quality of life. Personality traits are strong predictors of coping with stress and anxiety. This study explored the relationship between personality traits, social appearance anxiety, and quality of life among nursing students.

Methods
The study employed a correlational descriptive cross-sectional research design. One thousand twenty-one students from the bachelor program’s first, second, third, and fourth years participated in the study. The data was collected over three months from June to August 2024 by using four tools: the student's academic and socio-demographic profile, Novo Psych Five Factor Personality Scale (NFFPS-30), Social anxiety about appearance Scale (SAAS)., and The WHO Quality of Life Scale-Brief (WHOQOL-Brief).

Results
The personality trait with the highest mean score is agreeableness (21.0 ±2.8), while neuroticism has the lowest mean score (18.4 ±4.3). (SAAS) results show that the majority of students (79.5%) experience low social anxiety levels. Additionally, (WHOQOL-Brief), general health, and social domains had the highest mean scores (58.2 and 53.2), compared to the physical domain, which scored the lowest at (40.6).

Conclusion
The study concluded that all personality traits correlate significantly negatively with SAAS except neuroticism. QOL was positively correlated with all personality traits except neuroticism. SAAS and neuroticism traits of personality are strong negative predictors of QOL. Further research and interventional programs are necessary to detect students’ level of anxiety and their personality traits and improve their social appearance anxiety.
Billing models for measuring nursing care in inpatient and outpatient settings: a scoping review
Authors: Di Nitto Marco , Napolitano Francesca , Calzolari Michela , Longobucco Yari , Masotta Vittorio , Zaghini Francesco , Alvaro Rosaria , Cicolini Giancarlo , Lancia Loreto , Manara Duilio Fiorenzo , Rasero Laura , Rocco Gennaro , Zega Maurizio , Mazzoleni Beatrice , Sasso Loredana , Bagnasco Annamaria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The rising cost of healthcare is a concerning issue for healthcare systems. The Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) system lacks direct consideration for costs related to nursing care. Therefore, to date there is no clear picture of billing models that consider also nursing activity when evaluating healthcare service costs or what factors related to nursing care affect the costs of healthcare services and would therefore need to be considered in billing models.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted. We searched articles published from January 2000 to September 2023, in English, Italian and Spanish. We consulted MEDLINE (Pubmed), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science (Clarivate), SCOPUS (Elsevier), ProQuest and Google Scholar, government sites and major international bodies (e.g., National Health Service NHS, World Health Organization WHO).

Results
We included a total of 31 studies. The results highlighted 3 categories of factors related to nursing costs, which involve the organisation (e.g., nurse-to-patient ratio), nurses (e.g., skill mix, interventions), and patients (e.g., patient complexity, patient outcomes). All the billing models reported in the literature considered one or more of these categories to estimate nursing costs. The results also showed that appropriate management of organisational and nursing factors, such as staffing and skill mix, could improve healthcare service costs, nursing care or practice, and patient outcomes.

Conclusions
This study sheds light on the multifaceted aspects of nursing care that should be considered in a specific, comprehensive, billing model. Additional testing of existing models to verify their effectiveness, as well as the organisation of a permanent committee (or Task Force) that develops a comprehensive billing model, are necessary to guide the formulation of new policies.
Evaluation of a modified venous excess ultrasound (VExUS) protocol for estimation of venous congestion: a cohort study
Authors: Martin Katharine C. , Gill Edward A. , Douglas Ivor J. , Longino August A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Understanding venous congestion is critical to the management of many illnesses, but assessing volume status can be challenging. The current gold standard for volume status assessment of right heart catheterization (RHC) is invasive, costly, and often unavailable. Venous Excess Ultrasound Score (VExUS) is a novel ultrasound protocol for to assessment of venous congestion using the inferior vena cava, hepatic, portal and renal veins. Though there is a much interest in the technique, the renal component of the exam is challenging to acquire. For this reason we aimed to see if a modified VExUS (mVExUS) excluding the kidney component performs similarly to traditional VExUS (tVExUS) for detecting elevated right atrial pressure (RAP) as measured by RHC.

Methods
A consecutive cohort of 95 patients undergoing RHC had VExUS exams before the procedure. Researchers compared the performance of tVExUS, mVExUS, and inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter in predicting RAP > 12 mmHg.

Results
The area under the curve (AUC) for detecting elevated RAP was similar for tVExUS (0.87) and mVExUS (0.85). Both methods achieved high sensitivity and specificity. Agreement between tVExUS and mVExUS scores was near-perfect (Cohen's Kappa = 0.85).

Conclusion
mVExUS may be as effective as tVExUS in identifying elevated RAP. This abbreviated version could improve efficiency and adoption of VExUS for assessing venous congestion. Further studies are needed in diverse patient populations.
Xylaria iriomotensis sp. nov. from termite nests and notes on X. angulosa
Authors: Okane Izumi , Hsieh Huei-Mei , Ju Yu-Ming , Lin Chun-Ru , Huang Chun-Yun , Kuan I-Ching 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Fungus gardens of the termite Odontotermes formosanus, excavated from Iriomote Island, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan, were subsequently incubated under laboratory conditions. A Xylaria species emerging from these fungus gardens was initially identified as X. angulosa, a species originally described from North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Iriomote fungus is now described as a distinct species, X. iriomotensis.

Results

Xylaria iriomotensis is peculiar in producing the teleomorph in culture but lacking an anamorph. Cultures of X. angulosa were obtained from two Taiwan specimens, which agree with the holotype from BO and the isotypes from NY and WSP in their stromata being repeatedly dichotomously branched and possessing a black core. In contrast to X. iriomotensis, X. angulosa does not form the teleomorph in culture but a typical Xylaria anamorph with conidiophores densely arranged in palisades. The ITS sequence obtained from the WSP isotype shared high similarities with those two Taiwan specimens as well as an Indian specimen, reconfirming the latter three specimens as X. angulosa. These four specimens shared 98.28–99.66% similarities at ITS sequences among themselves but only 84.25–85.01% similarities with X. iriomotensis. Molecular phylogenetic studies based on sequences of multiple protein-coding loci indicate that, while X. iriomotensis is grouped with three soil-dwelling species of the X. guepini cluster, X. angulosa belongs to the X. nigripes cluster, which includes all known species capable of producing massive sclerotia.

Conclusion

Xylaria iriomotensis has the teleomorph known only in culture, remaining to be rediscovered in its natural habitat where the stromatal morphology may be somewhat varied. The geographic distribution of X. angulosa, previously known only in Indonesia, has been expanded to Taiwan and India. Xylaria angulosa grouping with the X. nigripes cluster in our phylogenetic analyses indicates its potential to form massive sclerotia within termite nests.
Use of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and risk of multiple myeloma in US Veterans with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Tokareva Kate , Peterson Alexander C. , Baraff Aaron , Chung Sarah P. , Barton Jennifer , Baker Joshua F. , England Bryant R. , Mikuls Ted R. , Smith Nicholas L. , Coffey David G. , Weiss Noel S. , Singh Namrata 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Biologic (b) and targeted synthetic (ts) disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) target inflammatory pathways implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma (MM). It is unknown whether use of b/tsDMARDs affects the incidence of MM.

Methods
In this cohort study using Veterans Health Administration (VHA) data, we identified Veterans newly diagnosed with RA from 1/1/2002 to 12/31/2018 using diagnostic codes and medication fills. DMARD exposure was categorized as follows: conventional synthetic (cs)DMARDs; bDMARDs, which included tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), non-TNFi; and a tsDMARD, tofacitinib. A Cox proportional hazards model with time-varying exposure was used to estimate the hazard ratio for developing MM among those who received b/tsDMARD medications relative to b/tsDMARD-naïve persons.

Results
27,540 veterans with RA met eligibility criteria of whom 8322 (30%) took a b/tsDMARD during follow-up. There were 77 incident cases of MM over 192,000 person-years of follow-up. The age-adjusted incidence rate (IR) of MM among b/tsDMARD-naïve patients was 0.37 (95% CI 0.28–0.49) per 1000 person-years and 0.42 among current or former b/tsDMARD users (95% CI 0.25–0.65). Adjusting for age and other demographic characteristics, the hazard ratio for MM associated with use of b/tsDMARDs was 1.32 (95% CI 0.78, 2.26).

Conclusion
In this study of Veterans with RA, the rate of MM did not differ between b/tsDMARD and csDMARD users. The relatively short duration of follow-up and few events limited our power to detect treatment-related differences in MM risk.
Validation of predictive equations for aerobic fitness in young healthy male students of the University of Ibadan
Authors: Oduyomi Johnson Babajide , Fasanmade Adesoji 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Maximum oxygen consumption is a measure of an individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness which is a singular predictor of an array of diseases. Several exercise and non-exercise assessments are frequently compared to know which method(s) provide the most accurate estimation of aerobic capacity due to difficulties in using the direct method. There is a need to know if an estimation method is the right fit for a population without huge overestimation or underestimation due to ethnical variation. This study was undertaken to assess the estimations of the cardiorespiratory fitness of healthy African males by the submaximal exercise-based and the non-exercise-based equations in undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

Results
VO2 was significantly higher in the undergraduate students of the University of Ibadan in all the equations used (44.38 ± 39.07, 62.46 ± 27.61, 44.38 ± 39.07, 62.46 ± 27.61, 46.37 ± 3.31, 46.16 ± 3.64, 47.08 ± 3.19). The two submaximal exercises compared using the Bland–Altman Plot showed a high degree of agreement, further linear regression performed showed no proportional bias on the distribution of data around the mean difference line (p > 0.05). Cross-validation using the Bland–Altman plot and linear regression for the five non–exercise predicted equations with the YMCA submaximal exercise test and Bruce submaximal exercise test all showed a significance difference of (P < 0.05) showed that data from all the methods provided proportional bias on the distribution of data around the mean difference line.

Conclusion
This study asserts that caution should be taken when using a non-exercise equation to predict VO2 in the African population. It is therefore recommended to carry out various assessment methods of VO2 estimation in a wider population using various protocols, and also develop a predictive equation for VO2 specific to the African population.
Automating skin cancer screening: a deep learning
Authors: Rashad Nada M. , Abdelnapi Noha MM. , Seddik Ahmed F. , Sayedelahl M. A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Skin cancer presents in various forms, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and melanoma. Established risk factors include ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure from solar or artificial sources, lighter skin pigmentation, a history of sunburns, and a family history of the disease. Early detection and prompt intervention are crucial for achieving a favorable prognosis. Traditionally, treatment modalities include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. Recent advancements in immunotherapy have revolutionized skin cancer diagnosis, but manual identification remains time-consuming. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown potential in skin cancer classification, leading to automated screening methods. To support dermatologists, we improved the model for classifying images. This model is able to recognize seven different kinds of skin lesions. On the ISIC dataset, an analysis has been done. This study offers a novel approach to early skin cancer diagnosis based on image processing. Our approach leverages the high accuracy of a specific convolutional neural network architecture, utilizing transfer learning with pre-trained data to further enhance detection performance. Our findings demonstrate that the employed ResNet-50 transfer learning model achieves a remarkable accuracy of 97%, while ResNet50 without augmentation gives an accuracy of 81.57% and an F1-score of 75.75%.
Examining the association between maternal prenatal psychiatric disorders and behavioural problems among offspring in early childhood: population-based study
Authors: Braddon Amy , Alati Rosa , Betts Kim S. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Exposure to maternal mental illness during foetal development may lead to altered development, resulting in permanent changes in offspring functioning.

Aims
To assess whether there is an association between prenatal maternal psychiatric disorders and offspring behavioural problems in early childhood, using linked health administrative data and the Australian Early Development Census from New South Wales, Australia.

Method
The sample included all mother–child pairs of children who commenced full-time school in 2009 in New South Wales, and met the inclusion criteria (N = 69 165). Univariable logistic regression analysis assessed unadjusted associations between categories of maternal prenatal psychiatric disorders with indicators of offspring behavioural problems. Multivariable logistic regression adjusted the associations of interest for psychiatric categories and a priori selected covariates. Sensitivity analyses included adjusting the final model for primary psychiatric diagnoses and assessing association of interest for effect modification by child's biological gender.

Results
Children exposed in the prenatal period to maternal psychiatric disorders had greater odds of being developmentally vulnerable in their first year of school. Children exposed to maternal anxiety disorders prenatally had the greatest odds for behavioural problems (adjusted odds ratio 1.98; 95% CI 1.43–2.69). A statistically significant interaction was found between child biological gender and prenatal hospital admissions for substance use disorders, for emotional subdomains, aggression and hyperactivity/inattention.

Conclusions
Children exposed to prenatal maternal mental illness had greater odds for behavioural problems, independent of postnatal exposure. Those exposed to prenatal maternal anxiety were at greatest risk, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for, and support of, families with mental illness.
Effect of volume fractional change of nanoparticles on surface plasmon polariton
Authors: Ullah Zahid , Usman Muhammad , Kanjariya Prakash , Rajiv Asha , Shankhyan Aman , Jaidka Sachin , Acharyulu A.S. Madhusadan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The dispersion relation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is investigated as a function of the volume fraction of silver nanoparticles at the interface between nanocomposite and atomic media. The increase in silver nanoparticle content significantly influences SPP propagation, which is crucial for advancing plasmonic technologies. As the volume fraction of silver nanoparticles increases from 0\% to 60\%, the real part of the SPP wave vector rises from \(2.5k_0\) to \(5.5k_0\), and the SPP wavelength decreases from \(\lambda_{sp} = 0.7\lambda\) to \(\lambda_{sp} = 0.3\lambda\). This also modifies the propagation length from \(40\lambda\) to \(20\lambda\) and reduces the penetration depth in the nanocomposite from 0.125 nm to 0.005 nm.
The WIRS motifs in Fat2 are required for Drosophila egg chamber rotation but not for elongation
Authors: Bhatt Akanksha , Ruffine Valentin , Töpfer Uwe , Ryu Jinhee , Fischer-Friedrich Elisabeth , Dahmann Christian 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
The elongation of tissues and organs is important for proper morphogenesis in animal development. In Drosophila ovaries, the elongation of egg chambers involves aligned Collagen IV fiber-like structures, a gradient of extracellular matrix stiffness and actin-based protrusion-driven collective cell migration, leading to the rotation of the egg chamber. Egg chamber elongation and rotation depend on the atypical cadherin Fat2. Fat2 contains in its intracellular region three WRC interacting receptor sequence (WIRS) motifs, which previously had been shown to bind to the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC), a conserved actin regulator. Here, we show that in fat2 mutant flies lacking the WIRS motifs, egg chambers fail to rotate and Collagen IV fiber-like structures are impaired, yet a gradient of extracellular matrix stiffness is established and egg chambers properly elongate. We conclude that the WIRS motifs are required for egg chamber rotation and that egg chamber rotation might be a prerequisite for proper formation of Collagen IV fiber-like structures. Egg chamber rotation, however, is dispensable for extracellular matrix stiffness gradient formation and for egg chamber elongation.
What are the challenges that social prescribers face when supporting people within dementia and how can these be addressed? A qualitative study
Authors: Di Lorito Claudio , Poole Marie , Rait Greta , Samsi Kritika , McComiskie Louise , Robinson Louise , Wilcock Jane 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Evidence suggests that social prescribing might have a positive impact on identity, control, creativity and quality of life in people with dementia. While evidence on the benefits of social prescribing is accumulating, there is a sparsity of research on the experiences of social prescribers. This study aims to identify the challenges that social prescribers face when supporting people with dementia and their families and strategies to address these.

Materials and methods
A qualitative study involving 24 social prescribers from all regions in England. Semi-structured interviews investigated challenges and strategies that social prescribers experience in their own practice. Data were analysed through thematic analysis. Results on “Challenges” and the respective “Strategies” are presented in a chronological order that reflects the different stages of contact with and support for the client with dementia, from referral to discharge.

Results and discussion
This study identified unique barriers that social prescribers face when working with people with dementia, particularly around communication, motivation, engagement and overdependency. It identified person and system-level strategies that can be used to address these challenges. These include expanding opportunities for dementia training, offering in-person support, including social prescribing in annual dementia reviews, and increasing integration of services within Integrated Care Systems and collaborations between health care service providers and with the third sector. Improving delivery and effectiveness of services is crucial to ensure that social prescribing fulfils its ethos of personalised care approach for all, including people with dementia, as envisioned in the NHS long term plan.
The Economy of Saudi Arabia in the 21st Century: Prospects and Realities, John Sfakianakis (ed.) (2024)
Authors: Rutledge Emilie 
Published: January 2025

Review of: The Economy of Saudi Arabia in the 21st Century: Prospects and Realities, John Sfakianakis (ed.) (2024)
Oxford: Oxford University Press, 464 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-19886-387-8, h/bk, £108.00
Alfabetização na Região Norte em tempos de ensino remoto:
Authors: DE SOUZA AMORIM LIMA MARIETE , CASTRO DOS SANTOS TATIANE 
Published: January 2025

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a alfabetização na Região Norte em tempos de ensino remoto, a partir da pesquisa Alfabetização em Rede, criada em 2020 e registrada na Plataforma Brasil. Tal pesquisa teve como objetivo principal conhecer e compreender como estava a situação da alfabetizção de crianças no Brasil, durante a pandemia da covid-19. Neste estudo, analisamos os dados específicos da Região Norte, buscando entender fatores que foram únicos nesse contexto regional. Para isso, apresentamos algumas reflexões sobre a pandemia e o ensino remoto, bem como tomamos como base Smolka (2012), Goulart (2014), Braggio (2002), Colello (2021) e Soares (1985, 2004, 2020) para os apontamentos sobre a alfabetização. Os resultados reforçam o importante papel desse espaço de aprendizagem que é a escola, da mediação do professor e da inserção do aluno em práticas reais de interação. Além disso, constatou-se que a maior dificuldade enfrentada pelas professoras alfabetizadoras foi “conseguir que os alunos realizassem as atividades propostas”, dificuldade essa que envolve fatores sociais, econômicos e políticos.
What does cancer screening have to do with tomato growing?
Authors: Chatanaka Miyo K. , Diamandis Eleftherios P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cancer screening is considered to be a major strategy for combatting cancer. The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends screening for five cancers, but the strength of evidence about the effectiveness of screening is limited. To gain insights into the efficacy of early detection requires prospective, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials with decades of follow-up and inclusion of millions of participants. Recently, Bretthauer et al. estimated lifetime gained with cancer screening tests by using a meta-analysis of 18 large randomized clinical trials which included more than two million subjects. They asked if cancer screening tests are saving lives and how much life is extended due to commonly used cancer screening tests. Colorectal cancer screening with sigmoidoscopy prolonged lifetime by 110 days, while fecal testing and mammography screening did not prolong life. A modest extension of 37 days was noted for prostate cancer screening with prostate-specific antigen testing and 107 days with lung cancer screening using computed tomography, but these estimates were not statistically significant. The authors concluded that current cancer screening strategies do not significantly prolong life. Based on these data, and the known biological behavior of some cancers, we hypothesized that the current strategies of treating cancer, after detection, could be modified to avoid the side effects of screening, which is a major determinant of the patient’s overall survival.