bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing Postdigital Futures—The Case of Hackathons
Authors: Krämer Hannes , Trischler Ronja 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsed in the context of innovation-driven economies and civil society, hackathons are a good example of collaborative postdigital design processes and their focus on futures and the realization of new ideas. Hackathons are a widespread organizational form of designing the future in which digital solutions (such as apps, websites) are preferred. What becomes questionable in the process of designing, however, is the social form of the future. In our case study, we ask whichfutures are being designed and by whom. While empirically, these questions are often answered together, we disentangle them in our analysis of online announcements of hackathons. We show how a feasible, designable, and achievable future is imagined through practices of problematization and scaling. We demonstrate corresponding models of subjects that are preferred for designing the future. With our praxeological analysis, we aim to contribute to an understanding of the micropowers of designing postdigital futures. While in principle, ‘everyone’ is invited to participate in the design process at hackathons, the announcements already show that only certain participants are desired, and only certain kinds of futures are imaginable through hackathons.
Effect of type and aggregate gradation on the functional properties of porous asphalt (case study of Iran)
Authors: Ghafari Hashjin Navid , Zarroodi Roozbeh , Payami Maryam , Aghdasi Gehraz Seyyed Hassan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPorous asphalt mixtures are gaining popularity due to their ability to effectively drain surface water and mitigate traffic noise in regions with high rainfall. However, compared to conventional asphalt pavements, these types of pavements with high void content necessitate specific guidelines for achieving an optimal mix design. The performance characteristics of porous asphalt mixtures are notably influenced by the grading and composition of materials, especially with regards to their resistance to moisture damage. This study aimed to investigate the properties of porous asphalt mixtures using limestone and siliceous aggregates with varying gradations, while maintaining bitumen contents of 5% and 6%. In accordance with the regulations set forth by the National Center for Asphalt Technology, the findings indicate that siliceous-based aggregates exhibit improved void characteristics (increased by 3%) and permeability (increased by 11%). However, they also display reduced resistance to moisture-induced failures (decreased by 4%). On the other hand, adhering to the gradation recommendations provided by the National Asphalt Pavement Association guidelines, except for a slight decrease of 3% in moisture sensitivity, yields an overall enhancement of 25% in other performance characteristics. To analyze the data, statistical methods were employed, resulting in regression models with a minimum R2 value of 0.97. These models helped determine the optimal binder percentage for different aggregate types and gradations, providing valuable insights for practical implementation.
PolySeg Plus: Polyp Segmentation Using Deep Learning with Cost Effective Active Learning
Authors: Saad Abdelrahman I. , Maghraby Fahima A. , Badawy Osama 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA deep convolution neural network image segmentation model based on a cost-effective active learning mechanism is proposed and named PolySeg Plus. It is intended to address polyp segmentation with a lack of labeled data and a high false-positive rate of polyp discovery. In addition to applying active learning, which assisted in labeling more image samples, a comprehensive polyp dataset formed of five benchmark datasets was generated to increase the number of images. To enhance the captured image features, the locally shared feature method is used, which utilizes the power of employing neighboring features together with one another to improve the quality of image features and overcome the drawbacks of the Conditional Random Features method. Medical image segmentation was performed using ResUNet++, ResUNet, UNet++, and UNet models. Gaussian noise was removed from the images using a gaussian filter, and the images were then augmented before being fed into the models. In addition to optimizing model performance through hyperparameter tuning, grid search is used to select the optimum parameters to maximize model performance. The results demonstrated a significant improvement and applicability of the proposed method in polyp segmentation when compared to state-of-the-art methods on the datasets CVC-ClinicDB, CVC-ColonDB, ETIS Larib Polyp DB, KVASIR-SEG, and Kvasir-Sessile, with Dice coefficients of 0.9558, 0.8947, 0.7547, 0.9476, and 0.6023, respectively. Not only did the suggested method improve the dice coefficients on the individual datasets, but it also produced better results on the comprehensive dataset, which will contribute to the development of computer-aided diagnosis systems.
“Do I need to read to do well?”: a post-pandemic case study of the reading habits and academic attainment of STEM and non-STEM students
Authors: Pilotti Maura , El Alaoui Khadija , Khan Rahat , Abdelsalam Hanadi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLittle is known about the reading habits and interests of college students in the post-pandemic environment, especially those of the understudied student populations of the Middle East. Thus, a convenient sample of female undergraduate students of Saudi Arabian descent was asked to report reading habits and interests. First, the study asked whether the responses of students organized by field of study (STEM versus non-STEM) differed. Then, it assessed the extent to which reading habits (as indexing reading comprehension skills) predicted college attainment (as measured by GPA) in each of the selected subsamples. Although habits and attitudes did not differ between STEM and non-STEM students, attitudes predicted reading habits differently for the two groups. Furthermore, habits and attitudes were better predictors of academic attainment for STEM than non-STEM learners. These findings underscored the need for institutions of higher education to carry out periodical assessments of their students’ reading habits and interests. Results can then inform library policies and instructional interventions that will benefit STEM students the most.
An exploration of contextually relevant curricula in international social work education: learning from the experiences of selected Asian countries
Authors: Higashida Masateru , Poonpoksin Wanwadee , Paul Krittebas , Das Tulshi Kumar , Vasudevan Varathagowry , Ali Isahaque , Jafar Muhammad , Shoukat Aisha , Matsuo Kana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCurrent global uncertainties such as increasing socio-economic and political difficulties have amplified the significance of researching the nature of international social work education. This pilot study collaboratively investigated the educational characteristics of international social work curricula in Asia to identify the prevailing conditions related to this discipline. Data were collected in February 2023 at an international academic forum that included presentations delivered by researchers from five Asian countries. An exploratory and qualitative-descriptive analysis was performed to identify the contexts and contents of curricula related to international social work. The study findings elucidated the need to explore curricula that may differ from mainstream syllabi taught in international social work education programmes in Western countries. The findings of this study underscore the importance of dialogic processes and continual collaborative research projects.
Safe and valid? A systematic review of the psychometric properties of culturally adapted depression scales for use among Indigenous populations
Authors: Yang Michelle , Seon Quinta , Gomez Cardona Liliana , Karia Maharshee , Velupillai Gajanan , Noel Valérie , Linnaranta Outi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Implementing culturally sensitive psychometric measures of depression may be an effective strategy to improve acceptance, response rate, and reliability of psychological assessment among Indigenous populations. However, the psychometric properties of depression scales after cultural adaptation remain unclear.

Methods
We screened the Ovid Medline, PubMed, Embase, Global Health, PsycInfo, and CINAHL databases through three levels of search terms: Depression, Psychometrics, and Indigenous, following the PRISMA guidelines. We assessed metrics for reliability (including Cronbach’s alpha), validity (including fit indices), and clinical utility (including predictive value).

Results
Across 31 studies included the review, 13 different depression scales were adapted through language or content modification. Sample populations included Indigenous from the Americas, Asia, Africa, and Oceania. Most cultural adaptations had strong psychometric properties; however, few and inconsistent properties were reported. Where available, alphas, inter-rater and test–retest reliability, construct validity, and incremental validity often indicated increased cultural sensitivity of adapted scales. There were mixed results for clinical utility, criterion validity, cross-cultural validity, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, predictive value, and likelihood ratio.

Conclusions
Modifications to increase cultural relevance have the potential to improve fit and acceptance of a scale by the Indigenous population, however, these changes may decrease specificity and negative predictive value. There is an urgent need for suitable tools that are useful and reliable for identifying Indigenous individuals for clinical treatment of depression. This awaits future work for optimal specificity and validated cut-off points that take into account the high prevalence of depression in these populations.
Early-life participation in cognitively stimulating activities and risk of depression and anxiety in late life
Authors: Qiu Xinye , Robert Andrea L. , McAlaine Kaleigh , Quan Luwei , Mangano Joseph , Weisskopf Marc G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly-life stressful experiences are associated with increased risk of adverse psychological outcomes in later life. However, much less is known about associations between early-life positive experiences, such as participation in cognitively stimulating activities, and late-life mental health. We investigated whether greater engagement in cognitively stimulating activities in early life is associated with lower risk of depression and anxiety in late life.MethodsWe surveyed former participants of the St. Louis Baby Tooth study, between 22 June 2021 and 25 March 2022 to collect information on participants' current depression/anxiety symptoms and their early-life activities (N = 2187 responded). A composite activity score was created to represent the early-life activity level by averaging the frequency of self-reported participation in common cognitively stimulating activities in participants' early life (age 6, 12, 18), each rated on a 1 (least frequent) to 5 (most frequent) point scale. Depression/anxiety symptoms were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7). We used logistic regressions to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of outcome risk associated with frequency of early-life activity.ResultsEach one-point increase in the early-life composite cognitive activity score was associated with an OR of 0.54 (95% CI 0.38–0.77) for late-life depression and an OR of 0.94 (95% CI 0.61–1.43) for late-life anxiety, adjusting for age, sex, race, parental education, childhood family structure, and socioeconomic status.ConclusionsMore frequent participation in cognitively stimulating activities during early life was associated with reduced risk of late-life depression.
How reliable is assessment of children’s sentence comprehension using a self-directed app? A comparison of supported versus independent use
Authors: FRIZELLE Pauline , BUCKLEY Ana , BIANCONE Tricia , CERONI Anna , DAHLY Darren , FLETCHER Paul , BISHOP Dorothy V. M. , MCKEAN Cristina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study reports on the feasibility of using the Test of Complex Syntax- Electronic (TECS-E), as a self-directed app, to measure sentence comprehension in children aged 4 to 5 ½ years old; how testing apps might be adapted for effective independent use; and agreement levels between face-to-face supported computerized and independent computerized testing with this cohort. A pilot phase was completed with 4 to 4;06-year-old children, to determine the appropriate functional app features required to facilitate independent test completion. Following the integration of identified features, children completed the app independently or with adult support (4–4;05 (n = 22) 4;06–4;11 months (n = 55) and 5 to 5;05 (n = 113)) and test re-test reliability was examined. Independent test completion posed problems for children under 5 years but for those over 5, TECS-E is a reliable method to assess children’s understanding of complex sentences, when used independently.
The other side of the mirror. Maya Late Classic iron-ore artifact production: an insight from Cancuen
Authors: Andrieu Chloé , Cadalen Naya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlthough iron-ore mirrors are commonly found in the Maya area, very few workshops are known to date. Cancuen, Guatemala, is one of the few sites to show evidence of iron-ore production during the Late Classic (a.d.600–800). This article reviews all the available data on this material in Cancuen in light of the recent excavations, and, by combining spatial and technological analysis, proposes to shed new light on the spatial organization of this production. By comparing the composition and the social context of production in Cancuen with that of Aguateca (Inomata and Eberl 2014), we suggest that there was a division of tasks between sites in which Cancuen's artisans were involved in the first stage of the production of luxury goods, whereas other stages, such as the arrangement of the tesserae on the supports and their repolishing, were more socially invested and made by elite artists at the recipient sites.
High‐Resolution Thermal Imaging in the Antarctic Marginal Ice Zone: Skin Temperature Heterogeneity and Effects on Heat Fluxes
Authors: Tersigni Ippolita , Alberello Alberto , Messori Gabriele , Vichi Marcello , Onorato Miguel , Toffoli Alessandro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInsufficient in situ observations from the Antarctic marginal ice zone (MIZ) limit our understanding and description of relevant mechanical and thermodynamic processes that regulate the seasonal sea ice cycle. Here we present high‐resolution thermal images of the ocean surface and complementary measurements of atmospheric variables that were acquired underway during one austral winter and one austral spring expedition in the Atlantic and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean. Skin temperature data and ice cover images were used to estimate the partitioning of the heterogeneous surface and calculate the heat fluxes to compare with ERA5 reanalyses. The winter MIZ was composed of different but relatively regularly distributed sea ice types with sharp thermal gradients. The surface‐weighted skin temperature compared well with the reanalyses due to a compensation of errors between the sea ice fraction and the ice floe temperature. These uncertainties determine the dominant source of inaccuracy for heat fluxes as computed from observed variables. In spring, the sea ice type distribution was more irregular, with alternation of sea ice cover and large open water fractions even 400 km from the ice edge. The skin temperature distribution was more homogeneous and did not produce substantial uncertainties in heat fluxes. The discrepancies relative to reanalysis data are however larger than in winter and are attributed to biases in the atmospheric variables, with the downward solar radiation being the most critical.
Impacts of Stratospheric Ozone Recovery on Southern Ocean Temperature and Heat Budget
Authors: Li Feng , Newman Paul A. , Waugh Darryn W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe impacts of stratospheric ozone recovery on Southern Ocean surface and interior temperature, heat content, heat uptake, and heat transport are investigated by contrasting two ensemble chemistry‐climate model simulations in 2005–2099: one with fixed ozone depleting substances (ODSs) and another with decreasing ODSs. In our simulations ozone recovery significantly affects Southern Ocean temperature, with large latitudinal and vertical variations. Ozone recovery causes a dipole change of the full‐depth ocean heat content (OHC) with an increase south of 60°S and a decrease between 45°S and 60°S. Integrated over latitudes south of 40°S, OHC decreases in response to ozone recovery. This ocean heat loss is shown to be driven by weakened poleward ocean heat transport (OHT) across 40°S, which is partly canceled by enhanced heat uptake. The weakening of poleward OHT into the Southern Ocean is caused by the ozone‐induced equatorward shift of the meridional overturning circulation.
Fundamental Development of “Floating‐Mode” Avalanche Photodiode for Low‐Energy Electron Measurements in Space Plasma
Authors: Tanaka Seishiro , Hirahara Masafumi , Kasahara Satoshi , Kubo Shin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe conducted developmental experiments using avalanche photodiode (APD) for electron measurements applicable in future space plasma explorations. Electrons with energies of 10 eV to a hundred keV could be detected by applying “floating” voltages up to +5 kV to APD to achieve wide‐energy electron measurements. We detected 10‐eV electrons from an electron source as energized electrons of an energy of approximately 5 (5.01) keV due to the 5‐keV electrostatic acceleration (=Source energy: 0.01 keV + Acceleration energy: 5 keV; hereafter, (0.01 + 5) keV) with an energy resolution of ∼4.6 keV by simplified assumption and calculation based on peak energy and full width at half maximum of the pulse height distribution. The energy resolution for (5 + 0)‐keV electrons, ∼5.3 keV in our experiments, was equivalent to the previous results. On the other hand, we concluded that for (5 + 5) keV, the energy resolution was significantly improved to 1.3 keV compared with that for (5 + 0) keV. For (1 + 5)‐keV electrons, the energy distribution showed a broadening toward lower energies than that for (6 + 0) keV because the backscattered electrons produced secondary electrons at the APD chassis surface, which were accelerated to 5 keV by the floating voltage to be detected by the APD. We verified that the floating‐mode APD can contribute to space plasma measurements as a detector with characteristics different from those of microchannel plates. This is the first achievement to establish advanced in‐situ observation techniques based on APD for wide‐energy (a few eV to a hundred keV) electron measurements in space.
Petrogenesis, Sampling Depth, Thermal and Redox Evolution of Spinel Peridotite Xenoliths From Jiaohe, NE China: Insights From Trace Elements in All Rock‐Forming Silicate Minerals
Authors: Lin A‐Bing , Aulbach Sonja , Zheng Jian‐Ping , Uenver‐Thiele Laura , Woodland Alan B. , Zhang Hong‐Fu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOlivine and orthopyroxene (Opx) are the most abundant minerals in lherzolitic to harzburgitic peridotites, and their compositions represent an important—and sometimes only—source of information for the origin and physicochemical evolution of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM). We report a high‐quality in situ trace element data set for Opx and olivine of well‐characterized spinel‐peridotite xenoliths, including eight lherzolites and four harzburgites, which were entrained in the Cenozoic basalts from Jiaohe, NE China. While the lherzolites and harzburgites show contrasting evolution involving various metasomatic agents, reflected in different trace element relationships, both experienced early cooling followed by recent (pre‐entrainment) heating, as unraveled by a combination of mineral thermometers with inherently different diffusion rates. The sampling depth of spinel‐facies peridotites is obtained by olivine‐spinel thermobarometry, taking into account post‐melting subsolidus processes and pre‐emplacement thermal disturbance, using an empirical correction for the Ca content in olivine, which yields a pressure range of 1.1–2.0 GPa. The V contents (92–116 μg/g) and V/Sc ratios (5.7–6.4) in lherzolitic Opx are higher than those in harzburgitic Opx (V: 56–76 μg/g; V/Sc: 3.4–5.9), qualitatively reflecting the reducing and oxidizing effect, respectively of refertilization versus metasomatic interaction with a small‐volume melt. Thus, comparative thermobarometry, together with trace element systematics of Opx and olivine can be effective tools to reveal the architecture, chemical, thermal, and redox evolution of the shallow SCLM, as sampled by spinel peridotite xenoliths.
Adherence to ketogenic diet in lifestyle interventions in adults with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes: a scoping review
Authors: Li Shiyu , Du Yan , Meireles Christiane , Sharma Kumar , Qi Lu , Castillo Alondra , Wang Jing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives
Despite the evidence supporting the efficacy of the ketogenic diet (KD) on weight and type 2 diabetes (T2D) management, adherence to the KD is challenging. Additionally, no studies have reported changes in PA among individuals with overweight/obesity and T2D who have followed KD. We mapped out the methods used to assess adherence to the KD and level of physical activity (PA) in lifestyle interventions for weight and T2D management in individuals with overweight/obesity and T2D and compared levels of KD adherence and PA in these interventions.

Methods
Articles published between January 2005 and March 2022 were searched in MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus. Studies that included KD in lifestyle interventions for adults with T2D and overweight/obesity and measured ketone levels were included.

Results
The eleven included studies comprised eight randomized controlled trials. They mainly used self-reported measures to evaluate adherence to the KD and level of PA. We found studies reported higher carbohydrate intake and lower fat intake than the KD regimen. Great inconsistencies were found among studies on the measurement and reporting of ketone and PA levels.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrated the need to develop intervention strategies to improve adherence to the KD, as well as the necessity of developing standardized diet and PA assessment tools to establish a stronger evidence base for including KD in lifestyle interventions for weight and T2D management among adults with overweight/obesity and T2D.