bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-Multilingual, Cross-Lingual and Monolingual Transfer Learning For Arabic Dialect Sentiment Classification
Authors: Boudad Naaima , Faizi Rdouan , Thami Rachid Oulad Haj 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Transfer learning have recently proven to be very powerful in diverse Natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as Machine translation, Sentiment Analysis, Question/Answering. In this work, we investigate the use of transfer learning (TL) in Dialectal Arabic sentiment classification. Our main objective is to enhance the performance of Sentiment classification and overcome the low resource issue of Arabic dialect. To this end, we use Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) to transfer contextual knowledge learned from language modelling task to sentiment classification. We particularly use the multilingual models mBert and XLM-Roberta, the specific Arabic models ARABERT, MARBERT, QARIB, CAMEL and the specific Moroccan dialect Darijabert. After carrying out downstream fine-tuning experiments using different Moroccan SA datasets, we found that using TL significantly increase the performance of sentiment classification in Moroccan Arabic. Nevertheless, though specific Arabic models have proven to perform much better than multilingual and dialectal models, our experiments have demonstrated that multilingual models can be more effective in texts characterized by an extensive use of code-switching.
Modifications to sorption and sinking capability of microplastics after chlorination
Authors: Wu Xinni , Fan Mingjun , Tan Zongyi , Liu Ruijuan , Liao Zhianqi , Zeng Eddy Y. , Ou Huase 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Chlorination disinfection in water treatments may be highly destructive to microplastics (MPs). Herein, low- and high-dose (concentration–time values at 75 and 9,600 mg min L−1, respectively) chlorination processes were used to simulate short-term chlorination in drinking water treatment plants and long-term residual chlorine reaction in drinking water supply systems, respectively. Both chlorination processes induced modifications to polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MPs, varying in polymer types and sizes. Oxidized and chlorinated bonds were detected, and destructed surfaces with increased specific surface area and reduced hydrophobicity were observed. As a result, the sorption capacity of all MPs was weakened, e.g., low-dose chlorination (pH 7) depressed the sorption of ciprofloxacin by 6.5 μm PE (Kf from 0.140 to 0.128 L g−1). The sinking behavior of PET, PS, and PVC MPs was enhanced, e.g., the sinking ratio of 200 μm PET increased by ∼30% after low-dose chlorination (pH 7). By contrast, PE tended to float after high-dose chlorination. Furthermore, chlorination of MPs generated various products, which were the degraded fragments from the MP skeleton. In general, chlorination disinfection reduces the potential of MPs as transport vectors of organic contaminants.
Simulation of groundwater dynamic conditions in the Baiquan spring region under optimal groundwater resource allocation
Authors: Yan Kaidi , Liu Demin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Xingtai, once been famous city for its spring groups in history, has become one of the regions in the country where water resources are in high demand due to long-term over-exploitation in groundwater resource. In the region where the springs in the area have dried up and been cutting-off over the years, including Baiquan and Dahuo. In order to allocate the amount of water diverted from the Middle Section of South-North Water Diversion Project reasonably, to effectively make the springs re-rushing and restore the groundwater level, this research established a numerical groundwater model based on the hydrogeological conditions of the study area. The calculate model is used to discuss the hydrodynamical patterns changes and predict the flowrate of spring groups under different allocation of supplement diversion schemes quantifiably. It was found that the scheme of using the amount of river diversion to rehabilitate the Xingtai urban funnel was most conducive to the recovery of groundwater levels in the spring groups, which is due to the reduction in groundwater extraction has reduced the influence range of the urban funnel and improved the hydrodynamic conditions in the northern preferential runoff zone. The results have demonstrated the feasibility of re-rushing the spring groups.
Effect of ω-9MUFAs in Fat Emulsion on Serum Interleukin-6 in Rats with
Lipopolysaccharide-induced Lung Injury
Authors: Qianqian Zheng , Gui Mei , Min Yang , Qingfeng Zhang , Xiufen Xu , Zejun Fang , Yahong Li , Mingwei Ye 
Published: July 2023

Aim:
This study aimed to investigate how ω-9 MUFAs in fat emulsion affect serum IL-
6 levels in rats with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury.

Background:
Research suggests that acute lung injury (ALI) develops acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS) due to the activation of many inflammatory factors. ALI may be treated by reducing
inflammation. Fat emulsion is used in parenteral nutrition for critically ill patients to regulate
the body's inflammatory response. It is mostly made up of ω-9 MUFAs (Clinoleic), which can
regulate the inflammatory response.

Objective:
The effect of ω-9MUFAs on the secretion of IL-6 in ALI rats was studied in order to
provide a basis for the rational use of fat emulsion in clinical practice and provide new ideas for the
diagnosis and treatment of ALI.

Methods:
The control, model, and -9MUFAs groups consisted of 18 female Sprageue-Dawley
(SD) young rats (180 ± 20 g). The SD young rats received normal saline and were not operated.
LPS-induced ALI animals received tail vein injections of normal saline. SD young rats were first
triggered with acute lung injury by LPS (3 mg/kg) and then injected with 3 mg/kg of ω-9MUFAs
via the tail vein. The expression levels of IL-6, an activator of signal transduction transcription 3
(STAT3), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and glycoprotein 130 (GP130) in serum and lung
tissues were determined by ELISA and Western blot methods.

Results:
Compared with the model group, the survival rate of rats in the ω-9 MUFAs group was
significantly increased, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Compared with the
model group, the lung pathology of rats in the ω-9 MUFAs group was significantly improved, and
the expression levels of IL-6, TGF-β1, GP130, IL-1 and other proteins were significantly
decreased. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
In LPS-induced lung injury, ω-9MUFAs may alleviate symptoms by inhibiting the
IL-6/GP130/STAT3 pathway.
High-performance Smart Home System based on Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Xu Zhengwang , Zhu Jin , Yang Jixin , Shen Shikang , Fu Yao 
Published: July 2023

Background:
With the recent COVID-19 pandemic, people have become increasingly
concerned about their physical health. Therefore, the ability to monitor changes in the surrounding
environment in real-time and automatically improve the environment has become a current hot topic
to improve the overall health level.

Objective:
This article describes the design of a high-performance intelligent home system that can
simultaneously perform monitoring and automatic adjustment functions.

Methods:
The ESP8266 was used as the core controller, and the DHT11 and G12-04 sensors were
used to collect data, such as temperature, humidity, and ambient light intensity. The sampling frequency
was increased and the sampled data were processed to improve data accuracy. The sampled
data were wirelessly transmitted to a PC or mobile terminal for real-time display. When the sampled
data underwent sudden changes, an alert message was sent via the mobile terminal. Based on
the real-time changes in ambient light, an improved lighting brightness adjustment algorithm combining
bang-bang and single neuron adaptive PID control was used to adjust the lighting brightness.

Results:
After testing the system designed in this paper and analyzing the errors compared to
standard values, the temperature measurement error ranged from 0% to 0.01107%, and the humidity
measurement error ranged from 0% to 0.03797%. The improved algorithm was simulated and
tested using MATLAB software and compared with traditional PID algorithms and single-neuron
adaptive PID algorithms. The improved algorithm did not overshoot during adjustment, and the
system reached a steady state much faster than traditional algorithms.

Conclusion:
The system showed good performance in real-time, stability, and accuracy, fully
demonstrating the effectiveness of the devices and algorithms used in the system. This provides
ideas for the design and improvement of future smart homes.
Rolnictwo w Chinach: rozwój, wyzwania i problemy
Authors: Cieślik Ewa 
Published: July 2023

Chińskie rolnictwo przeszło metamorfozę od 1978 r. Jednak w porównaniu z sektorem agrarnym krajów rozwiniętych jest zacofane przede wszystkim pod względem technologicznym. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja zmian instytucjonalnych w rolnictwie od 1949 r. oraz wskazanie obszarów zacofania chińskiego rolnictwa i działań zmierzających do wyeliminowania tego niedorozwoju.
Fibrotic myopathy and contracture of the caudal thigh musculature: a prospective study of 41 dogs (2019–2022)
Authors: Wilson Sarah A. , Binversie Emily E. , Kohler Nyah , Patterson Margaret M. , Sample Susannah J. , Muir Peter 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To determine the presentation, diagnosis, progression, and family risk of fibrotic myopathy, a disease with marked breed predisposition in the German Shepherd Dog (GSD).

ANIMALS
41 dogs prospectively recruited to the University of Wisconsin-Madison Comparative Genetics and Orthopedic Laboratory between November 2019 to August 2022.

METHODS
Medical records of dogs diagnosed with fibrotic myopathy were reviewed upon referral. The following data were recorded: sex, age, weight, regio interscapularis (withers) height, date of neutering, coat color and length, and age at fibrotic myopathy diagnosis. A pedigree was also obtained.

RESULTS
In the study population, breeds included 37 GSDs, a Belgian Malinois, a Belgian Malinois cross, and 2 dogs with a GSD phenotype and no pedigree. Mean age at fibrotic myopathy diagnosis was 5.9 ± 2.0 years, and duration of lameness before diagnosis was 5.6 months and ranged from 0.75 to 18 months. Males were overrepresented at 61% of the study population. Inherited familial risk for fibrotic myopathy in the GSD was supported by pedigree analysis.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This was the largest case series of fibrotic myopathy to date, providing a more comprehensive look at presentation and progression of the disease. The longer duration of lameness in bilaterally affected dogs likely represents disease progression rather than a more severe phenotype. Family history data support a genetic contribution to fibrotic myopathy, suggesting that further genetic investigation is warranted.
Filosofia da Educação
Authors: Barbosa Estélio Silva 
Published: July 2023

Este material didático se destina aos alunos do curso de Pedagogia da Faculdade Malta-FACMA. Torna-se de fundamental importância para o profissional da Pedagogia conhecer os conceitos e conhecimentos que irão adquirir nessa disciplina, os objetivos da Filosofia da Educação são:
?	Conduzir o aluno ao conhecimento sobre o surgimento da filosofia a sua importância no processo educativo;
?	Discute a influência da filosofia no pensamento e comportamento dentro da educação como um todo;
?	Compreender as correntes filosóficas e teorias educacionais como processo do pensar e refletir para um novo agir na educação nos dias atuais;
?	Assimilar o filosofar no contexto ético da pratica docente.
Na	Unidade	1:	“ASPECTOS	CONCEITUIAS	E	INTRODUTÓRIOS	DA
FILOSOFIA”, você irá aprender sobre O conhecimento místico, O senso comum etc.;
Na Unidade 2: “CONCEPÇÕES DE UMA FILOSOFIA VOLTADA PARA EDUCAÇÃO”, você terá a oportunidade de entender sobre A Filosofia como natureza da práxis na formação docente, sobre O princípio da transdisciplinaridade - no processo de formação docente, etc.;
Na	Unidade	3:	“AS	INTERFACES	DA	FILOSOFIA	E	AS	TEORIAS
EDUCACIONAIS”, será discorrido sobre as tendências pedagógicas e seus desdobramentos;
Elencamos como necessário nesse processo, a importância à leitura deste material, bem como as leituras de apoio, além do aproveitamento das oportunidades de discussão com os colegas e o tutor/professor(a). Não pretendemos esgotar a discussão sobre tal temática com esta apostila, mas, buscamos incentivar à reflexão e à pesquisa para a construção de novos saberes sobre a temática. Boa aprendizagem!
Experimental Investigation of Methyl Methacrylate in Stirred Batch Emulsion Reactor: AGET ATRP Approach
Authors: Awad Mohammed , Duever Thomas , Dhib Ramdhane 
Published: July 2023

<p>This study examines the ab initio emulsion atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiated by an eco-friendly reducing agent to produce poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) polymer with controlled characteristics in a 2 L stirred batch reactor. The effect of the reaction temperature, surfactant concentration, monomer to water ratio, and stirring speed was thoroughly investigated. The results showed that PMMA coagulation becomes quite severe at a certain temperature threshold. However, the coagulation could be avoided at mild reaction temperature, since the outcomes showed that loading more surfactant to the system under high mixing speed has balanced the polymer mixture and yielded high monomer conversion. The PMMA product was analyzed by gravimetry and GPC measurements and after 5 h of polymerization at a reaction temperature of 50 degrees C, monomer conversion of 64.1% was obtained, and PMMA polymer samples produced had an average molar mass of 4.5 kg/mol and a polydispersity index of 1.17. The structure of the PMMA polymer was successfully proved by FTIR and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The results confirm the living feature of MMA AGET ATRP in emulsion medium and recommend further investigation for other types of surfactant.</p>
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Determining factors affecting the user's intention to disclose privacy in online health communities: a dual-calculus model
Authors: Sun Zhuo , Zang Guoquan , Wang Zongshui , Ge Shuang , Liu Wei , Wang Kaiyang 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAs a new type of medical service application for doctor-patient interaction, online health communities (OHCs) have alleviated the imbalance between the supply and demand of medical resources in different regions and the problems of “difficult and expensive access to medical care”, but also raised the concern of patients about the risk of disclosure of their health privacy information.MethodsIn this study, a dual-calculus model was developed to explore users' motivation and decision-making mechanism in disclosing privacy information in OHCs by combining risk calculus and privacy calculus theories.ResultsIn OHCs, users' trust in physicians and applications is a prerequisite for their willingness to disclose health information. Meanwhile, during the privacy calculation, users' perceived benefits in OHCs had a positive effect on both trust in doctors and trust in applications, while perceived risks had a negative effect on both trusts in doctors and trust in applications. Furthermore, in the risk calculation, the perceived threat assessment in OHCs had a significant positive effect on perceived risk, while the response assessment had a significant negative effect on perceived risk, and the effect of users' trust in physicians far exceeded the effect of trust in applications. Finally, users' trust in physicians/applications is a mediating effect between perceived benefits/risks and privacy disclosure intentions.ConclusionWe combine risk calculus and privacy calculus theories to construct a dual-calculus model, which divides trust into trust in physicians and trust in applications, in order to explore the intrinsic motivation and decision-making mechanism of users' participation in privacy disclosure in OHCs. On the one hand, this theoretically compensates for the fact that privacy computing often underestimates perceived risk, complements the research on trust in OHCs, and reveals the influencing factors and decision transmission mechanisms of user privacy disclosure in OHCs. On the other hand, it also provides guidance for developing reasonable privacy policies and health information protection mechanisms for platform developers of OHCs.
The Association between Emergency Department Length of Stay and In-Hospital Mortality in Older Patients Using Machine Learning: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Wu Lijuan , Chen Xuanhui , Khalemsky Anna , Li Deyang , Zoubeidi Taoufik , Lauque Dominique , Alsabri Mohammed , Boudi Zoubir , Kumar Vijaya Arun , Paxton James , Tsilimingras Dionyssios , Kurland Lisa , Schwartz David , Hachimi-Idrissi Said , Camargo Carlos A. , Liu Shan W. , Savioli Gabriele , Intas Geroge , Soni Kapil Dev , Junhasavasdikul Detajin , Cabello Jose Javier Trujillano , Rathlev Niels K. , Tazarourte Karim , Slagman Anna , Christ Michael , Singer Adam J. , Lang Eddy , Ricevuti Giovanni , Li Xin , Liang Huiying , Grossman Shamai A. , Bellou Abdelouahab 
Published: July 2023

The association between emergency department (ED) length of stay (EDLOS) with in-hospital mortality (IHM) in older patients remains unclear. This retrospective study aims to delineate the relationship between EDLOS and IHM in elderly patients. From the ED patients (n = 383,586) who visited an urban academic tertiary care medical center from January 2010 to December 2016, 78,478 older patients (age ≥60 years) were identified and stratified into three age subgroups: 60–74 (early elderly), 75–89 (late elderly), and ≥90 years (longevous elderly). We applied multiple machine learning approaches to identify the risk correlation trends between EDLOS and IHM, as well as boarding time (BT) and IHM. The incidence of IHM increased with age: 60–74 (2.7%), 75–89 (4.5%), and ≥90 years (6.3%). The best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was obtained by Light Gradient Boosting Machine model for age groups 60–74, 75–89, and ≥90 years, which were 0.892 (95% CI, 0.870–0.916), 0.886 (95% CI, 0.861–0.911), and 0.838 (95% CI, 0.782–0.887), respectively. Our study showed that EDLOS and BT were statistically correlated with IHM (p < 0.001), and a significantly higher risk of IHM was found in low EDLOS and high BT. The flagged rate of quality assurance issues was higher in lower EDLOS ≤1 h (9.96%) vs. higher EDLOS 7 h <t≤ 8 h (1.84%). Special attention should be given to patients admitted after a short stay in the ED and a long BT, and new concepts of ED care processes including specific areas and teams dedicated to older patients care could be proposed to policymakers.
Explaining a diagnosis of fibromyalgia in primary care: a scoping review
Authors: McConnell Kerrie , Heron Neil , Hart Nigel D 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundFibromyalgia is a common cause of chronic pain in the UK, with a huge individual and societal impact. Despite this, it remains difficult to diagnose and treat. The explanation of a fibromyalgia diagnosis can lead to difficult therapeutic relationships, with attitudinal issues and negative profiling of patients. This can lead to frustration, and have a harmful impact on health outcomes.AimTo review how an explanation of a fibromyalgia diagnosis is provided in primary care in order to establish a model of best practice when educating patients on their diagnosis.Design & settingScoping review of articles written in English.MethodMEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and grey literature were searched. Articles were extracted, reviewed, and analysed according to the inclusion criteria.ResultsIn total, 29 records met the inclusion criteria. The following six overarching themes were identified: patient education; physician education; importance of the multidisciplinary team; importance of patient-centred care; the value of primary care; and useful resources. The literature illustrated that describing fibromyalgia using analogies to illustrate the pain sensitisation process can help patients understand their diagnosis better. This improves their willingness to accept management plans, particularly engagement with non-pharmacological therapies, which the literature suggested are best delivered within a multidisciplinary team.ConclusionKey aspects of fibromyalgia should be explained to patients in order for them to gain a better understanding of their diagnosis. A 'one-size-fits-all' model for explaining the fibromyalgia diagnosis to patients is inappropriate because patients' experiences are individualised. Further research is required on whether different explanations impact patient outcomes.
An updating-based working memory load alters the dynamics of eye movements but not their spatial extent during free viewing of natural scenes
Authors: Wyche Nicholas J. , Edwards Mark , Goodhew Stephanie C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe relationship between spatial deployments of attention and working memory load is an important topic of study, with clear implications for real-world tasks such as driving. Previous research has generally shown that attentional breadth broadens under higher load, while exploratory eye-movement behaviour also appears to change with increasing load. However, relatively little research has compared the effects of working memory load on different kinds of spatial deployment, especially in conditions that require updating of the contents of working memory rather than simple retrieval. The present study undertook such a comparison by measuring participants’ attentional breadth (via an undirected Navon task) and their exploratory eye-movement behaviour (a free-viewing recall task) under low and high updating working memory loads. While spatial aspects of task performance (attentional breadth, and peripheral extent of image exploration in the free-viewing task) were unaffected by the load manipulation, the exploratory dynamics of the free-viewing task (including fixation durations and scan-path lengths) changed under increasing load. These findings suggest that temporal dynamics, rather than the spatial extent of exploration, are the primary mechanism affected by working memory load during the spatial deployment of attention. Further, individual differences in exploratory behaviour were observed on the free-viewing task: all metrics were highly correlated across working memory load blocks. These findings suggest a need for further investigation of individual differences in eye-movement behaviour; potential factors associated with these individual differences, including working memory capacity and persistence versus flexibility orientations, are discussed.
New Dimming Events in Southern R Coronae Borealis Stars
Authors: Pearce Andrew , Love Tom , Velez Peter , Reichart Daniel E. , Haislip Joshua B. , Kouprianov Vladimir V. , Bowers Craig , Verveer Arie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper reports on photometry of dimming events for three Southern R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars. Two of these stars have recently entered a dimming phase (IO Nor and V653 Sco), while the other (GU Sgr) is emerging from a dimming event. Low resolution spectra of one of the targets indicates blueshifted Na i D lines, and hydrogen alpha emission. As the number of known RCBs grows, the need to monitor them and detect dimming events at an early stage increases.