bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Coronal Mass Ejection Active Region Sources: An Automated Approach
Authors: Hernandez Camero Julio , Green Lucie M. , Piñel Neparidze Alex 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Identifying the source regions of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is crucial for understanding their origins and improving space weather forecasting. We present an automated algorithm for matching CMEs detected by the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph with their source active regions, specifically Space Weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARPs), between 2010 May and 2019 January. Our method uses posteruptive signatures, including flares and coronal dimmings, to associate CMEs with potential source regions. Out of 4190 CMEs, we successfully match 1132, achieving a recall rate of ~57% for frontside events. We find that the algorithm performs better for complex SHARP regions containing multiple NOAA regions and for faster CMEs, consistent with expectations that more energetic events produce stronger eruption signatures. We find that CME–flare association rates increase with flare intensity, aligning with previous studies. While our approach has limitations, such as focusing exclusively on SHARP regions and relying on a limited set of posteruptive signatures, it significantly reduces the time required for CME source identification while providing transparent, reproducible results. We encourage the solar physics community to build upon this work, developing improved automated tools for CME source identification. The resulting catalog of CME–source region associations is made publicly available, offering a valuable resource for statistical studies and machine learning applications in solar physics and space weather forecasting.
Investigating the Lower Limit of Metallicity for the Galactic Thin Disk
Authors: Hu 胡 Guozhen 国真 , Shao 邵 Zhengyi 正义 , Gügercinoǧlu Erbil , Cui 崔 Wenyuan 文元 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We explore the metal-poor regime of the Galactic disk on the distribution of stars in the [α/M]–V

ϕ
plane, to identify the most metal-poor thin disk (MPTnD) stars belonging to the low-α sequence. Chemical abundances and velocities of sample stars are either taken or derived from APOGEE DR17 and Gaia DR3 catalogs. We find the existence of a well-separated extension of the kinematically thin disk stars in the metallicity range of −1.2 < [M/H] < −0.8 dex. Based on two-by-two distributions of [Mg/Mn], [Al/Fe] and [C+N/Fe], we further confirmed 56 high-possibility metal-poor thin disk (HP-MPTnD) giant stars and suggested the lower metallicity limit of the thin disk below −0.95 dex. A comparative analysis of the HP-MPTnD sample with other Galactic components revealed its chemo-dynamical similarities with canonical thin disk stars. These low-α metal-poor stars are predominantly located in the outer disk region and formed in the early stage of the formation of thin disk. Their existence provides compelling support for the two-infall model of the Milky Way's disk formation. Moreover, these stars impose observational constraints on the timing and metallicity of the second gas infall event.
Characterizing Multiband Optical Emission and Variability of 1ES 1215+303 on Diverse Timescales
Authors: Ozdonmez A. , Er H. , Tekkesinoglu M. , Ege E. , Kenger M. E. , Ozkesen I. C. , Polatoğlu A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study presents analyses of the optical variability of the 1ES 1215+303 on diverse timescales using multiband observations, including observations in the optical BVRI bands carried out with the 0.6 and 1.0 m telescopes located at the Tübitak National Observatory (TUG) from 2022 to 2024 and Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) gri data from 2018 to 2023. Investigation of variability on intraday timescales revealed amplitudes of 4.0% and 5.6% on two nights, with a calculated duty cycle of 63%. We determined a minimum timescale of ~92 minutes from these observations, leading us to limit the radius for the optical emission region and the mass of the black hole. The blazar exhibits moderate short- and long-term variability, with variability amplitudes reaching up to 120% and decreasing as the wavelength shortens. Correlation analysis revealed a strong correlation between the optical multiband emissions without any time lag. Analysis of 109 nightly spectral energy distributions yielded spectral indices ranging from 0.772 to 1.413. The consistent trend of both spectral indices and color with respect to brightness suggests a mild bluer when brighter trend persists throughout the observation period, in contrast to the intraday timescale. Utilizing the weighted wavelet z-transform and Lomb–Scargle methods, we analyzed recurrent optical emission patterns on the combined R-band light curves from TUG, ZTF, and Tuorla observations, revealing a quasiperiodic signal at around 1000 days and a secondary signal at approximately 300 days. These signals were found to be insignificant after accounting for the stochastic process and the trial factor.
Exploring Spica's Apsidal Motion: Insights from Feature Engineering and Machine Learning with MESA
Authors: Woodruff Hannah C. , Samaraweera Dumindu , Aufdenberg Jason P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Spica (α Virginis), a massive binary star system, offers insights into stellar evolution. Its orbital evolution, governed by the apsidal motion constant, reveals critical details about the stellar interior. However, calculating this constant using Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) simulations is computationally demanding. To address this, we employed machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods to efficiently predict the apsidal constant. Random Forest and Recursive Neural Network emerged as the most effective ML and DL models, respectively, with luminosity, age, and temperature identified as key features. Our ensemble voting regressor, integrating ML and DL approaches, achieved superior accuracy. MESA models are consistent with recent constraints on Spica A's effective temperature, age, luminosity, and apsidal constant. This work promotes the potential of ML and DL in stellar research, advancing the understanding of the apsidal constant through stellar evolution.
Janet Hunter Perry y la profesionalización del hispanismo británico, 1921-1958
Authors: Martínez del Campo Luis G. 
Published: January 2025

Este artículo analiza la trayectoria académica de la primera mujer que trabajó como profesora universitaria de lengua y literatura españolas en el Reino Unido, Janet Hunter Perry (1884-1958), para determinar su aportación al desarrollo del hispanismo británico en la primera mitad del siglo XX. A partir de documentación primaria y secundaria, aquí se defiende que su labor docente e investigadora contribuyó a la difusión y profesionalización de los estudios hispánicos en la educación superior británica, además de inspirar a otras mujeres a convertirse en hispanistas.
Las dos Yolandas: la poetisa Yolanda Westphalen (1925?-2011) y la universitaria Yolanda Westphalen Rodríguez (1954-...)
Authors: Orobitg Christine 
Published: January 2025

La presente contribución se propone analizar el recorrido de dos hispanistas, madre e hija: Yolanda Westphalen madre (1925-2011), poetisa y crítica literaria, y Yolanda Westphalen Rodríguez (1954-…) hija, que se dedicó a labores de critica literaria y editó la obra de su madre. Este estudio nos permitirá analizar las relaciones entre hombres y mujeres en la clase media intelectual peruana (siglos XX y XXI), sus condiciones de acceso al saber, a la escritura y a la reflexión sobre la escritura, pero también las relaciones de transmisión y de genealogía (biológica o intelectual). Se tratará asimismo de estudiar la biografía de estas dos mujeres, como sujetos históricamente situados, en el Perú contemporáneo, analizando en particular sus condiciones de acceso al mundo universitario o a ciertos campos específico del saber, como la crítica y la teoría literaria. La cuestión del ser mujer será el prisma a través del cual se analizarán estas dos vidas y, en particular, su reconocimiento y su relación con las instituciones (académicas, universitarias o editoriales).
Exploring the mental well-being of Ekurhuleni primary healthcare clinic managers during COVID-19
Authors: Nene Sanele E. , Wopula Siyabulela N. 
Published: January 2025

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic extensively disrupted the management dynamics and stretched the mental well-being of Ekurhuleni primary healthcare clinic managers. Their workload was increased, and they also had to deal with the grief of losing colleagues, family members and patients in large numbers as a result of the pandemic.Aim: This study sought to explore and describe the mental well-being of Ekurhuleni primary healthcare clinic managers during the COVID-19 pandemic.Setting: This study was conducted in the primary healthcare clinics of Ekurhuleni region in Gauteng province.Methods: A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was adopted in this study. The sample size comprised 14 clinic managers. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants, and in-depth semi-structured individual interviews were conducted to collect data. The descriptive thematic analysis method was used to analyse data.Results: Four themes emerged from the study: (1) unbearable level of stress because of the new management dynamics, (2) fear and anxiety because of a sudden escalating death rate, (3) unresponsive employee wellness programmes and (4) lack of support from senior management.Conclusion: The senior management of primary healthcare clinics should safeguard the mental well-being of clinic managers during the pandemic by giving support and ensuring that the existing employee wellness system is responsive.Contribution: This study revealed that a strong support from senior management and responsive employee wellness programmes can strengthen the mental health of the primary healthcare clinic managers. Thus, this enables them to be future ready for possible pandemics like COVID-19.
Surgical Management of Hirayama Disease: A Rare Entity With Unusual Clinical Features
Authors: Cheekatla Suresh , Anudeep Peddineni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hirayama disease (HD) is a rare neurological disorder. It is a focal, lower motor neuron disease, mainly affecting young males in their second and third decades. It is prevalent most commonly in Asian countries like Japan. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine in flexion will reveal the hallmark features of Hirayama disease. A 22-year-old male presented with a history of insidious weakness of the left hand for 2 years. On examination, he had clawing of the left medial three fingers with wasting of left forearm muscles, which was progressive in nature. MRI showed thinning of the spinal cord from C3 to C7 level, suggestive of cord atrophy. Based on these features, a diagnosis of focal amyotrophy was made. As the patient was non-compliant with the use of the cervical collar, resulting in the progression of symptoms, C3–C6 lateral mass fixation without fusion was performed to stop the progression of the disease and to facilitate implant removal at a later stage and regain cervical motion. Early diagnosis is necessary as the use of a simple cervical collar, which will prevent neck flexion, has been shown to stop the progression in the majority of the cases.
Targeting the glymphatic system to promote α-synuclein clearance: a novel therapeutic strategy for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Lian Xiaoyue , Liu Zhenghao , Gan Zuobin , Yan Qingshan , Tong Luyao , Qiu Linan , Liu Yuntao , Chen Jiang-fan , Li Zhihui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The excessive buildup of neurotoxic α-synuclein plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, highlighting the urgent need for innovative therapeutic strategies to promote α-synuclein clearance, particularly given the current lack of disease-modifying treatments. The glymphatic system, a recently identified perivascular fluid transport network, is crucial for clearing neurotoxic proteins. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the role of the glymphatic system in α-synuclein clearance and its implications for the pathology of Parkinson's disease while emphasizing potential therapeutic strategies and areas for future research. The review begins with an overview of the glymphatic system and details its anatomical structure and physiological functions that facilitate cerebrospinal fluid circulation and waste clearance. It summarizes emerging evidence from neuroimaging and experimental studies that highlight the close correlation between the glymphatic system and clinical symptom severity in patients with Parkinson's disease, as well as the effect of glymphatic dysfunction on α-synuclein accumulation in Parkinson's disease models. Subsequently, the review summarizes the mechanisms of glymphatic system impairment in Parkinson's disease, including sleep disturbances, aquaporin-4 impairment, and mitochondrial dysfunction, all of which diminish glymphatic system efficiency. This creates a vicious cycle that exacerbates α-synuclein accumulation and worsens Parkinson's disease. The therapeutic perspectives section outlines strategies for enhancing glymphatic activity, such as improving sleep quality and pharmacologically targeting aquaporin-4 or its subcellular localization. Promising interventions include deep brain stimulation, melatonin supplementation, γ-aminobutyric acid modulation, and non-invasive methods (such as exercise and bright-light therapy), multisensory γ stimulation, and ultrasound therapy. Moreover, identifying neuroimaging biomarkers to assess glymphatic flow as an indicator of α-synuclein burden could refine Parkinson's disease diagnosis and track disease progression. In conclusion, the review highlights the critical role of the glymphatic system in α-synuclein clearance and its potential as a therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease. It advocates for further research to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which the glymphatic system clears misfolded α-synuclein and the development of imaging biomarkers to monitor glymphatic activity in patients with Parkinson's disease. Findings from this review suggest that enhancing glymphatic clearance is a promising strategy for reducing α-synuclein deposits and mitigating the progression of Parkinson's disease.
Enhanced neurogenesis after ischemic stroke: the interplay between endogenous and exogenous stem cells
Authors: Geng Ruxu , Wang Yuhe , Wang Renzhi , Wu Jun , Bao Xinjie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a significant global health crisis, frequently resulting in disability or death, with limited therapeutic interventions available. Although various intrinsic reparative processes are initiated within the ischemic brain, these mechanisms are often insufficient to restore neuronal functionality. This has led to intensive investigation into the use of exogenous stem cells as a potential therapeutic option. This comprehensive review outlines the ontogeny and mechanisms of activation of endogenous neural stem cells within the adult brain following ischemic events, with focus on the impact of stem cell-based therapies on neural stem cells. Exogenous stem cells have been shown to enhance the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells via direct cell-to-cell contact and through the secretion of growth factors and exosomes. Additionally, implanted stem cells may recruit host stem cells from their niches to the infarct area by establishing so-called “biobridges.” Furthermore, xenogeneic and allogeneic stem cells can modify the microenvironment of the infarcted brain tissue through immunomodulatory and angiogenic effects, thereby supporting endogenous neuroregeneration. Given the convergence of regulatory pathways between exogenous and endogenous stem cells and the necessity for a supportive microenvironment, we discuss three strategies to simultaneously enhance the therapeutic efficacy of both cell types. These approaches include: (1) co-administration of various growth factors and pharmacological agents alongside stem cell transplantation to reduce stem cell apoptosis; (2) synergistic administration of stem cells and their exosomes to amplify paracrine effects; and (3) integration of stem cells within hydrogels, which provide a protective scaffold for the implanted cells while facilitating the regeneration of neural tissue and the reconstitution of neural circuits. This comprehensive review highlights the interactions and shared regulatory mechanisms between endogenous neural stem cells and exogenously implanted stem cells and may offer new insights for improving the efficacy of stem cell-based therapies in the treatment of ischemic stroke.
Epilepsy therapy beyond neurons: unveiling astrocytes as cellular targets
Authors: Chen Yuncan , Hu Jiayi , Zhang Ying , Peng Lulu , Li Xiaoyu , Li Cong , Wu Xunyi , Wang Cong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Epilepsy is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide. However, despite the availability of more than 20 antiseizure medications, more than one-third of patients continue to experience seizures. Given the urgent need to explore new treatment strategies for epilepsy, recent research has highlighted the potential of targeting gliosis, metabolic disturbances, and neural circuit abnormalities as therapeutic strategies. Astrocytes, the largest group of nonneuronal cells in the central nervous system, play several crucial roles in maintaining ionic and energy metabolic homeostasis in neurons, regulating neurotransmitter levels, and modulating synaptic plasticity. This article briefly reviews the critical role of astrocytes in maintaining balance within the central nervous system. Building on previous research, we discuss how astrocyte dysfunction contributes to the onset and progression of epilepsy through four key aspects: the imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neuronal signaling, dysregulation of metabolic homeostasis in the neuronal microenvironment, neuroinflammation, and the formation of abnormal neural circuits. We summarize relevant basic research conducted over the past 5 years that has focused on modulating astrocytes as a therapeutic approach for epilepsy. We categorize the therapeutic targets proposed by these studies into four areas: restoration of the excitation-inhibition balance, reestablishment of metabolic homeostasis, modulation of immune and inflammatory responses, and reconstruction of abnormal neural circuits. These targets correspond to the pathophysiological mechanisms by which astrocytes contribute to epilepsy. Additionally, we need to consider the potential challenges and limitations of translating these identified therapeutic targets into clinical treatments. These limitations arise from interspecies differences between humans and animal models, as well as the complex comorbidities associated with epilepsy in humans. We also highlight valuable future research directions worth exploring in the treatment of epilepsy and the regulation of astrocytes, such as gene therapy and imaging strategies. The findings presented in this review may help open new therapeutic avenues for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy and for those suffering from other central nervous system disorders associated with astrocytic dysfunction.
Necrotic iris melanocytoma with secondary glaucoma
Authors: Yeşiltaş Yağmur Seda , Oakey Zackery , Brainard Jennifer , Yeaney Gabrielle , Singh Arun D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract:
A 54-year-old female was referred because of a pigmented iris lesion with uncontrolled glaucoma in the left eye. The intraocular pressure (IOP) was 54 mm Hg despite anti-glaucoma medications. Her visual acuity (VA) was 20/100. A slit-lamp examination showed corneal edema and a darkly pigmented small iridociliary lesion (Ultrasound biomicroscopy: 5 mm × 3 mm × 2 mm) with diffuse pigment shedding onto the anterior iris surface and diffuse circumferential pigmentation of the trabecular meshwork with wide-open angle (gonioscopy). Diagnostic fine needle aspiration biopsy of the main tumor and anterior chamber lavage were performed. Cytology revealed polygonal cells with dense intracytoplasmic pigment obscuring nuclear details diagnostic of a melanocytoma. During follow-up, as the tumor continued to cause new pigment shedding with high IOP, therefore, excision of the primary tumor via iridocyclectomy was performed. At postoperative 1 month, the IOP was 13 mm Hg with maximal medical therapy for glaucoma requiring glaucoma shunt surgery. At 6 months, the IOP remained below 13 mm Hg and the VA was 20/50 without recurrence of pigment shedding. Necrotic iris melanocytoma, though rare, can lead to pigment dispersion glaucoma. Surgical excision of the primary tumor, coupled with glaucoma surgery, proved effective in controlling intraocular pressure and preserving vision in this case.
Realizations of free actions via their fixed point algebras
Authors: Schwieger Kay , Wagner Stefan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Let G be a compact group, let

$\mathcal {B}$

be a unital C

$^*$

-algebra, and let

$(\mathcal {A},G,\alpha )$

be a free C

$^*$

-dynamical system, in the sense of Ellwood, with fixed point algebra

$\mathcal {B}$

. We prove that

$(\mathcal {A},G,\alpha )$

can be realized as the G-continuous part of the invariants of an equivariant coaction of G on a corner of

$\mathcal {B} \otimes {\mathcal {K}}({\mathfrak {H}})$

for a certain Hilbert space

${\mathfrak {H}}$

that arises from the freeness of the action. This extends a result by Wassermann for free and ergodic C

$^*$

-dynamical systems. As an application, we show that any faithful

$^*$

-representation of

$\mathcal {B}$

on a Hilbert space

${\mathfrak {H}}_{\mathcal {B}}$

gives rise to a faithful covariant representation of

$(\mathcal {A},G,\alpha )$

on some truncation of

${\mathfrak {H}}_{\mathcal {B}} \otimes {\mathfrak {H}}$

.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK ANAK MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 35 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2002 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Siregar Devira Oktaviani , Iramadayani Layla 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian skripsi ini adalah “Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Hak Anak Menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 Tentang Perlindungan Anak”. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah ‘untuk mengetahui pengaturan perlindungan hukum dan jaminan hak-hak terhadap anak di Indonesia, untuk mengetahui bentuk perlindungan hukum dan jaminan hak-hak terhadap anak di Indonesia, untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum dan jaminan hak-hak terhadap anak di Indonesia dalam perspektif hak asasi manusia’. Metode penelitian hukum yang digunakan adalah penelitian empiris, yaitu penelitian ke lapangan dengan melakukan wawancara sebagai dasar pemecahan permasalahan yang dikemukakan. Data yang dipergunakan adalah data primer dan metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang dikemukakan, maka diketahui bahwa untuk memberikan rasa aman dan nyaman, maka hukum harus dapat dan mampu memberikan perlindungan terhadap masyaraat dan salah satunya adalah anak harus mendapat perlindungan anak.Anak yang merupakan generasi penerus bangsa harus mendapatkan perlindungan dan perlindungan terhadap ana meerupakan hak asasi yang harus diperoleh oleh anakhambatan yang ditemui dalam perlindungan hukum atas hak-hak anak adalah kurangna perlindungan terhadap anak sebagai korban, kurangnya hak khusus yang diberikan terhadap anak, tidak ada penghargaan terhadap anak sebagai korban, tidak ada kompensasi terhadap anak sebagai korban.