bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucocorticoids added to paracetamol and NSAIDs for post‐operative pain: A systematic review with meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Stormholt Emma Ritsmer , Steiness Joakim , Derby Cecilie Bauer , Larsen Mia Esta , Maagaard Mathias , Mathiesen Ole 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundParacetamol and non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are recommended as the basic pain treatment regimen for most surgeries. Glucocorticoids have well‐known anti‐inflammatory and anti‐emetic properties and may also demonstrate analgesic effects. We assessed benefit and harm of adding glucocorticoids to a combination of paracetamol and NSAIDs for post‐operative pain management.MethodsWe searched Embase, Medline and CENTRAL for randomised clinical trials investigating the addition of glucocorticoids versus placebo/no intervention to paracetamol and an NSAID in adults undergoing any type of surgery. We assessed three primary outcomes: cumulative opioid consumption at 24 h postoperatively, serious adverse events and pain at rest at 24 h postoperatively. We performed meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA), assessed risk of bias using the Risk of Bias 2 tool and used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach to evaluate the certainty of the evidence.ResultsWe identified 12 relevant trials of which nine trials randomising 804 participants were included in quantitative analysis. When added to paracetamol and NSAIDs, we found no evidence of a difference of glucocorticoids versus placebo/no intervention in cumulative opioid consumption at 24 h postoperatively (mean difference [MD] −0.28, TSA‐adjusted 95% confidence interval [CI] −1.90 to 1.33, p = .68, moderate certainty of evidence), serious adverse events (risk ratio (RR) 0.99, TSA‐adjusted 95% CI 0.27–3.63, p = .93, very low certainty of evidence) or pain on the Numeric Rating Scale at 24 h postoperatively (MD −0.39, TSA‐adjusted 95% CI −0.84 to 0.17, p = .10, moderate certainty of evidence). All outcomes were assessed to be at high risk of bias and TSA showed that we had insufficient information for most outcomes.ConclusionGlucocorticoids added to a baseline therapy of paracetamol and an NSAID likely result in little to no difference in cumulative opioid consumption and pain at rest at 24 h postoperatively. In addition, the evidence is very uncertain about the effect on serious adverse events. For most outcomes we did not have sufficient information to draw firm conclusions and the certainty of the evidence varied from moderate to very low.Editorial CommentMultimodal approaches for post‐operative analgesia are favoured, including paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs. In this meta‐analysis, pooled results from clinical trials are assessed to describe possible benefit of addition of glucocorticoid treatment for analgesia. The findings did not identify additional benefit, though the certainty of the evidence was not high.
Fusobacterium nucleatum promotes the early occurrence of esophageal cancer through upregulation of IL‐32/PRTN3 expression
Authors: Lei Jing , Xu Feng , Deng Chao , Nie Xubiao , Zhong Li , Wu Zhixuan , Li Juan , Wu Xiaoling , He Song , Chen Yongyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that gastrointestinal microbiome is associated with the development of esophageal cancer, but the relationship and molecular mechanism between esophageal microbiota and the early development of esophageal cancer remain unclear. Here, we found that Lactobacillus, Escherichia‐Shigella, Rikenellaceae‐RC9‐gut‐group, Morganella, and Fusobacterium were more abundant in early‐stage esophageal cancer (EEC) tissues compared with normal esophageal tissues. The abundance of bacteria such as Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Porphyromonas, Actinobacillus, and Neisseria in advanced esophageal cancer (AEC) was higher than that in EEC. Then, we further verified that Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) was enriched in EEC tissues and that its abundance increased with the progression of esophageal cancer by FISH and RT‐PCR. Next, we demonstrated that Fn promoted the proliferation of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we confirmed that Fn promoted ESCC proliferation by upregulating the expression of interleukin (IL)‐32/proteinase 3 (PRTN3) and then activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In conclusion, Fn promoted the early development of ESCC by upregulating the expression of IL‐32/PRTN3 and thereby activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism of Fn in early esophageal cancer may contribute to the development of early screening markers to diagnose ESCC and provide new targets for treatment.
Interactions between driver genes shape the signaling pathway landscape and direct hepatocellular carcinoma therapy
Authors: Shen Yiqing , Zheng Xiaohu , Qian Yeben , Liu Mantian , Nian Zhigang , Cui Quanwei , Zhou Yonggang , Fu Binqing , Sun Rui , Tian Zhigang , Wei Haiming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies, whose initiation and development are driven by alterations in driver genes. In this study, we identified four driver genes (TP53, PTEN, CTNNB1, and KRAS) that show a high frequency of somatic mutations or copy number variations (CNVs) in patients with HCC. Four different spontaneous HCC mouse models were constructed to screen for changes in various kinase signaling pathways. The sgTrp53 + sgPten tumor upregulated mTOR and noncanonical nuclear factor‐κB signaling, which was shown to be strongly inhibited by rapamycin (an mTOR inhibitor) in vitro and in vivo. The JAK‐signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling was activated in Ctnnb1mut + sgPten tumor, the proliferation of which was strongly inhibited by napabucasin (a STAT3 inhibitor). Additionally, mTOR, cytoskeleton, and AMPK signaling were upregulated while rapamycin and ezrin inhibitors exerted potent antiproliferative effects in sgPten + KrasG12D tumor. We found that JAK‐STAT, MAPK, and cytoskeleton signaling were activated in sgTrp53 + KrasG12D tumor and the combination of sorafenib and napabucasin led to the complete inhibition of tumor growth in vivo. In patients with HCC who had the same molecular classification as our mouse models, the downstream signaling pathway landscapes associated with genomic alterations were identical. Our research provides novel targeted therapeutic options for the clinical treatment of HCC, based on the presence of specific genetic alterations within the tumor.
Molecular pathology quality control in Southeast Asia: Results of a multiregional quality assurance study from MASTER KEY Asia
Authors: Okuma Hitomi Sumiyoshi , Yoshida Hiroshi , Kobayashi Yoshihisa , Arakaki Motoko , Mizoguchi Chiharu , Inagaki Lina , Voon Pei Jye , Malik Bin Ismail Adam , Fen Soo Hoo Hwoei , Yusak Suhana , Severino B. Imasa Marcelo , Nguyen Huy Thinh , Thai Anh Tu , Kohsaka Shinji , Mano Hiroyuki , Yonemori Kan , Nakamura Kenichi , Yatabe Yasushi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTissue specimen quality assurance is a major issue of precision medicine for rare cancers. However, the laboratory standards and quality of pathological specimens prepared in Asian hospitals remain unknown. To understand the methods in Southeast Asian oncology hospitals and to clarify how pre‐analytics affect the quality of formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) specimens, a questionnaire surveying pre‐analytical procedures (Part I) was administered, quality assessment of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining and DNA/RNA extracted from the representative FFPE specimens from each hospital (Part II) was conducted, and the quality of DNA/RNA extracted from FFPE of rare‐cancer patients for genomic sequencing (Part III) was examined. Quality measurements for DNA/RNA included ΔΔCt, DV200, and cDNA yield. Six major cancer hospitals from Malaysia, Philippines, and Vietnam participated. One hospital showed unacceptable quality for the DNA/RNA assessment, but improved by revising laboratory procedures. Only 57% (n = 73) of the 128 rare‐cancer patients' specimens met both DNA and RNA quality criteria for next‐generation sequencing. Median DV200 was 80.7% and 64.3% for qualified and failed RNA, respectively. Median ΔΔCt was 1.25 for qualified and 4.89 for failed DNA. Longer storage period was significantly associated with poor DNA (fail to qualify ratio = 1579:321 days, p < 0.001) and RNA (fail to qualify ratio = 1070:280 days, p < 0.001). After improvement of pre‐analytical factors, the qualification rate increased for hospitals A and E from 41.5% to 70.5% and 62.5% to 86%, respectively. This is the first report to elucidate the pre‐analytical laboratory procedures of main Southeast Asian oncology hospitals. An external quality assessment program may improve factors associated with tumor FFPE specimen quality.
Implant stability changes over time following implant placement in elderly patients: A prospective study
Authors: Choi Yu‐Sung , Song In‐Seok , Kim Moon‐Young , Lim Ho‐Kyung , Chongyang Li , Shim Ji Suk 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of aging on the changes in implant stability over time following implant placement.Materials and methodsA total of 104 patients in four age ranges (group 1: <60 years, group 2: 61–70 years, group 3: 71–80 years, and group 4: >80 years) were included. Bone‐level tapered implants were placed without implementing any bone augmentation procedure. The final torque value displayed on the implant engine during implant insertion was recorded. Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed immediately after surgery to analyze the bone quality around the implant. Implant stability was measured immediately after surgery and 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery.ResultsIn the CBCT image, higher grayscale values were observed in the order of group 1, group 2, and groups 3/4, with statistical significance (p < .05). There was no significant difference in the insertion torque values between age groups (p ≥ .05). Groups 1 and 2 showed lower implant stability values after 2 and 4 weeks compared to immediately and 8 weeks after surgery (p < .05); however, groups 3 and 4 showed no significant difference between the results measured at different timepoints (p ≥ .05).ConclusionsImplant treatment in elderly patients is successful showing a settled implant stability over time following implant placement when the implant is appropriately engaged in the alveolar bone in the absence of bone augmentation.
Hip arthroscopy versus total hip arthroplasty—A study on patients with obesity above 40 years of age
Authors: Niehaus Richard , Zingg Patrick O. , Hoch Armando , Luttenberger Martin , Stefan Rahm 
Published: March 2023

SummaryPatients older than 40 years with a body‐mass‐index (BMI) >30 kg/m2, a femoroacetabular‐impingement (FAI) and little cartilage damage are a challenge for hip surgeons. Hip‐arthroscopy (HAS) or conservative therapy until a total hip arthroplasty (THA) is needed are possible treatments. Our research purpose was to compare the clinical results and complication/reoperation rate after HAS and THA in patients with obesity over 40 years. This retrospective study includes a consecutive series of patients with obesity (BMI >30 kg/m2) who underwent HAS (19 hips) and THA (37 hips) over 40 years of age between 2007 and 2013 at our institution with a minimum of 12‐months follow‐up. Outcome measures were WOMAC (Western Ontario und McMaster Universities Arthritis Index), subjective‐hip‐value (SHV), residual complaints and the reoperation rate. Patient data and scores were collected pre‐operative, 12 months post‐operatively and at the last follow‐up. Both groups showed a comparable age (mean 48 years). Regarding SHV‐Scores the THA‐group shows continuous significant improvements. Reaching 87% (range 50%–100%), the HAS‐group showed in case of the SHV no significant change after 1 year and an improvement from preoperative to the last follow‐up reaching 72% (range 30%–100%) at the last follow‐up. Residual groin pain was significant higher in the HAS‐group. Two deep infections (5.4%) requiring reoperations were reported in the THA‐group. The conversion rate to THA after a mean time of 60 months was 26% (5 of 19). Patients with obesity over 40 years demonstrated inferior SHV, more often residual pain and revision surgery after HAS, when compared to THA at short‐term, with conversions rate of one fourth. However, THA in this patient group showed high infection rate of 5%. This information is relevant for counselling above‐mentioned patients.
Assigning trend‐based conservation status despite high uncertainty
Authors: White Richard S. A. , Stoffels Rick J. , Whitehead Amy L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEstimates of temporal trends in species’ occupancy are essential for conservation policy and planning, but limitations to the data and models often result in very high trend uncertainty. A critical source of uncertainty that degrades scientific credibility is that caused by disagreement among studies or models. Modelers are aware of this uncertainty but usually only partially estimate it and communicate it to decision makers. At the same time, there is growing awareness that full disclosure of uncertainty is critical for effective translation of science into policies and plans. But what are the most effective approaches to estimating uncertainty and communicating uncertainty to decision makers? We explored how alternative approaches to estimating and communicating uncertainty of species trends could affect decisions concerning conservation status of freshwater fishes. We used ensemble models to propagate trend uncertainty within and among models and communicated this uncertainty with categorical distributions of trend direction and magnitude. All approaches were designed to fit an established decision‐making system used to assign species conservation status by the New Zealand government. Our results showed how approaches that failed to fully disclose uncertainty, while simplifying the information presented, could hamper species conservation or lead to ineffective decisions. We recommend an approach that was recently used effectively to communicate trend uncertainty to a panel responsible for setting the conservation status of New Zealand's freshwater fishes.
Meeting report: The Third Franco‐Japanese Developmental Biology Meeting
Authors: Ieda Yu , Ueno Naoto 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Third Franco‐Japanese Developmental Biology Meeting has been held to reinforce the partnership and facilitate the international collaborations and the academic exchanges between the French Society of Developmental Biology (SFBD) and the Japanese Society of Developmental Biology (JSDB). Nearly 200 participants attended, and we actively discussed interdisciplinary knowledge throughout the meeting period. The meeting realized not only the tightest connection between these two communities ever, but also a great contribution to international interdisciplinary academic communications and scientific communications with the public. In order to celebrate and maintain this massive momentum to push forward the entire field of developmental biology, we share the atmosphere with the entire international community and next generations through this report.
The effect of exercise intensity on the inflammatory profile of cancer survivors: A randomised crossover study
Authors: Clifford Briana K. , Kaakoush Nadeem O. , Tedla Nicodemus , Goldstein David , Simar David 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSystemic inflammation has been clearly linked to poorer health outcomes from cancer diagnosis through to survivorship. There is accumulating evidence that exercise can reduce inflammation. However, the optimal intensity of exercise to reduce systemic inflammation is unknown.AimsThe aim of this randomised crossover study was to identify the difference between high‐ and low‐intensity aerobic exercise on the inflammatory profile of cancer survivors after a single exercise session (acute) and a short training period (six sessions over 2 weeks).MethodParticipants (n = 20) were randomised to either low‐ or high‐intensity exercise. They underwent 2 weeks of stationary cycling at their assigned intensity and then underwent a 6‐week washout period of no exercise before returning to complete 2 weeks of exercise at the remaining intensity.ResultsTwenty participants with a mean age of 56.4 (±9.4) years were enrolled and completed the intervention. There was no effect of exercise intensity after a single exercise session. After 2 weeks of training, there was a significant effect of intensity on chemokines CCL2 (mean difference ± SEM; 13.2 pg/mL ± 5.0, p = .04) and CXCL12 (150.3 pg/mL ± 51.8, p = .02), where CCL2 was decreased after low‐intensity exercise and CXCL12 decreased after high‐intensity exercise.DiscussionOur data suggest that while exercise intensity may impact different cell types in the circulation, both low‐ and high‐intensity exercise can positively modulate inflammatory markers.ConclusionThe potential to scale up low‐intensity exercise over time is likely to be more broadly applicable and achievable for cancer survivor cohorts while still eliciting beneficial effects on systemic inflammation.
Systematic review of clinical practice guidelines for traumatic dental injuries
Authors: Saikia Ankita , Patil Sneha S. , MS Muthu , CV Divyambika , Sabarish Ram , Pandian Senthoor , Anthonappa Robert , Walia Tarun , Shahwan Moayad Jamal Saeed Al 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground/AimsTraumatic dental injuries (TDI) are considered a public health problem due to their high prevalence and associated physical, economic, psychological and social consequences. Hence, good Clinical Practice Guidelines are essential to achieving a favourable prognosis. The aim of this review was to appraise the existing Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) on TDI using AGREE II and AGREE‐REX.Materials and MethodsA systematic search for existing guidelines on TDI was performed on PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, National Institute for Health Care Excellence, BMJ Best Practice, Trip database, Guideline International Network, Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, World Health Organisation, Web of Science and ‘Ministry of Health worldwide’ databases. Four appraisers independently appraised the included CPGs. The AGREE II tool was applied to assess the methodological quality, while AGREE REX assessed the quality of recommendations of the included guidelines.ResultsOf the 7736 titles screened, three guidelines, namely the International Association of Dental Traumatology Guidelines (IADT), and the Italian and Malaysian guidelines, were included for the final analysis. These guidelines were published between 2019 and 2020. The AGREE II analysis demonstrated scores above 80% for the IADT and Italian guidelines for the scope and purpose domain. Overall, the Malaysian guidelines achieved the highest score for all domains. The AGREE REX analysis indicated variability in implementation across the nine items, with five that scored above the midpoint of 4.0 on the response scale. Both the Italian and the IADT guidelines had a similar score for the values and preference domains (36.36%).ConclusionsSeveral deficiencies exist in the methodological quality of existing CPGs on TDI. Future guidelines should consider improvements for domains such as ‘rigour of development’, ‘stakeholder involvement’ and ‘applicability’ to overcome the existing limitations.
Action affordance affects proximal and distal goal‐oriented planning
Authors: Keshava Ashima , Gottschewsky Nina , Balle Stefan , Nezami Farbod Nosrat , Schüler Thomas , König Peter 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVisual attention is mainly goal directed and allocated based on the upcoming action. However, it is unclear how far this feature of gaze behaviour generalizes in more naturalistic settings. The present study investigates the influence of action affordances on active inference processes revealed by eye movements during interaction with familiar and novel tools. In a between‐subject design, a cohort of participants interacted with a virtual reality controller in a low‐realism environment; another performed the task with an interaction setup that allowed differentiated hand and finger movements in a high‐realism environment. We investigated the differences in odds of fixations and their eccentricity towards the tool parts before action initiation. The results show that participants fixate more on the tool's effector part before action initiation when asked to produce tool‐specific movements, especially with unfamiliar tools. These findings suggest that fixations are made in a task‐oriented way to plan the distal goals of producing the task‐ and tool‐specific actions well before action initiation. Moreover, with more realistic action affordance, fixations were biased towards the tool handle when it was oriented incongruent with the subjects' handedness. We hypothesize that these fixations are made towards the proximal goal of planning the grasp even though the perceived action on the tools is identical for both experimental setups. Taken together, proximal and distal goal‐oriented planning is contextualized to the realism of action/interaction afforded by an environment.
LCF‐HCF strain–life model: Statistical distribution and design curves based on the maximum likelihood principle
Authors: Tridello A. , Paolino D. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the paper, the statistical distribution of the total strain and the fatigue life in the low cycle fatigue (LCF)–high cycle fatigue (HCF) life range is analytically derived starting from the Coffin–Manson and Morrow model. The maximum likelihood principle is exploited for parameter estimation, thus allowing to consider both failures and runout specimens. A straightforward procedure for the estimation of the design curves based on the likelihood ratio confidence lower bound has been also developed. The proposed model has been validated with literature datasets obtained by testing steel and aluminum alloys, proving its effectiveness and representing a reliable alternative to the currently adopted literature models.
Beyond state politics in Asia's transboundary rivers: Revisiting two decades of critical hydropolitics
Authors: Rogers Sarah , Fung Zali , Lamb Vanessa , Gamble Ruth , Wilmsen Brooke , Wu Fengshi , Han Xiao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor the past two decades, work across a range of fields, but particularly geography, has engaged ‘critical hydropolitics’ as a way to highlight not only the politics inherent in decisions about water, but also the foundational assumptions of more conventional hydropolitical analyses that tend to focus on conflicts and cooperation over water resources, with a heavy emphasis on ‘the state’ as the key actor and scale of analysis. In this article we review critical hydropolitical literature that focuses on transboundary rivers that descend from the eastern Tibetan Plateau, namely the Lancang‐Mekong, Yarlung Tsangpo‐Brahmaputra and Nu‐Salween river basins. We highlight five key and interrelated themes that have emerged in the literature to date ‐ the state, scale, infrastructure, knowledge and logics, and climate change ‐ and discuss how these provide useful tools for more fine‐grained analyses of power, control and contestation.