bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circ_0102543 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression through the miR‐942‐5p/SGTB axis
Authors: Yang Shiming , Wang Dianye , Zhang Rui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most serious cancers. Circular RNA (circRNA) has been reported to regulate the progression of HCC. Herein, the role of circ_0102543 in HCC tumorigenesis was investigated.MaterialsThe expression levels of circ_0102543, microRNA‐942‐5p (miR‐942‐5p), and small glutamine rich tetratricopeptide repeat co‐chaperone beta (SGTB) were detected by quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR). 3‐(4, 5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay, thymidine analog 5‐ethynyl‐2'‐deoxyuridine (EDU) assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry were conducted to explore the function of circ_0102543 in HCC cells and the regulatory mechanism among circ_0102543, miR‐942‐5p and SGTB in HCC cells. Western blot examined the related protein levels.ResultsThe expression of circ_0102543 and SGTB was decreased in HCC tissues, while the expression of miR‐942‐5p was increased. Circ_0102543 acted as a sponge for miR‐942‐5p, and SGTB was the target of miR‐942‐5p. Circ_0102543 up‐regulation hindered tumor growth in vivo. In vitro experiments showed that overexpression of circ_0102543 significantly repressed the malignant behaviors of HCC cells, while co‐transfection of miR‐942‐5p partially attenuated these effects mediated by circ_0102543. In addition, SGTB knockdown increased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells inhibited by miR‐942‐5p inhibitor. Mechanically, circ_0102543 regulated SGTB expression in HCC cells by sponging miR‐942‐5p.ConclusionOverexpression of circ_0102543 suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells by regulating the miR‐942‐5p/SGTB axis, suggesting that circ_0102543/miR‐942‐5p/SGTB axis may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Pathways explaining racial/ethnic disparities in incident all‐cause dementia among middle‐aged US adults
Authors: Weiss Jordan , Beydoun May A. , Beydoun Hind A. , Fanelli‐Kuczmarski Marie T. , Banerjee Sri , Hamrah Armin , Evans Michele K. , Zonderman Alan B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONRacial disparities in dementia incidence exist, but less is known about their presence and drivers among middle‐aged adults.METHODSWe used time‐to‐event analysis among a sample of 4378 respondents (age 40‐59 years at baseline) drawn from the third National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES III) with administrative linkage–spanning the years 1988‐2014—to evaluate potential mediating pathways through socioeconomic status (SES), lifestyle, and health‐related characteristics.RESULTSCompared with Non‐Hispanic White (NHW) adults, Non‐White adults had a higher incidence of AD‐specific (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.21, 3.49) and all‐cause dementia (HR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.36, 2.98). Diet, smoking, and physical activity were among characteristics on the pathway between race/ethnicity, SES, and dementia, with health‐mediating effects of smoking and physical activity on dementia risk.DISCUSSIONWe identified several pathways that may generate racial disparities in incident all‐cause dementia among middle‐aged adults. No direct effect of race was observed. More studies are needed to corroborate our findings in comparable populations.
Janus Effect of Lewis Acid Enables One‐Step Block Copolymerization of Ethylene Oxide andN‐Sulfonyl Aziridine
Authors: Song Qilei , Qiu Hong , Liu Lijun , Zhang Guangzhao , Peruch Frédéric , Carlotti Stéphane , Zhao Junpeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne‐step sequence‐selective block copolymerization requires stringent catalytic control of monomers relative activity and enchainment order. It has been especially rare for AnBm‐type block copolymers from simple binary monomer mixtures. Here, ethylene oxide (EO) andN‐sulfonyl aziridine (Az) compose a valid pair provided with a bicomponent metal‐free catalyst. Optimal Lewis acid/base ratio allows the two monomers to strictly block‐copolymerize in a reverse order (EO‐first) as compared with the conventional anionic route (Az‐first). Livingness of the copolymerization facilitates one‐pot synthesis of multiblock copolymers by addition of mixed monomers in batches. Calculation results reveal that a Janus effect of Lewis acid on the two monomers is key to enlarge the activity difference and reverse the enchainment order.
Fabrication and characterization of different braid‐reinforced PVC hollow fiber membranes to use in membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment
Authors: Keskin Başak , Eryıldız Bahriye , Paşaoğlu Mehmet Emin , Türken Türker , Vatanpour Vahid , Koyuncu Ismail 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this research, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymer was applied for the first time in the fabrication of braid‐reinforced hollow fiber membranes for ultrafiltration applications. Different concentrations of PVC solutions were cast on tubular braids and coagulated by the phase inversion method in a pure water bath to produce membranes with various porosities and pore sizes. The characterizations such as scanning electron microscopy, overall porosity, contact angle and mean pore size were done to understand membrane morphology. The antifouling property of membranes was explained using bovine serum albumin (BSA). The contact angles of membranes were increased from 64.9° ± 2.2 to 72.8° ± 2.1, while the overall porosity decreased from 43.8 ± 1.2% and 19.6 ± 3.3% for 11 wt% and 17 wt% PVC membranes, respectively. Permeate flow decreased due to decreased pore size of membranes as a result of increased PVC content. Besides, the flux recovery ratio, reversible and irreversible fouling studies showed that better antifouling characteristics observed with increasing of PVC content. A high removal efficiency of 87.2% for BSA was also demonstrated by the optimal membrane (15 wt% PVC), along with an increased flux recovery ratio of 96.6%. After investigating the rejection of COD in a membrane bioreactor setup, all membranes revealed that they were higher than 98%.
Augmentation in proton conductivity of crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) through the introduction of polyvinyl pyrrolidone
Authors: Bawazir Wafa A. , Alsulami Qana A. , Keshk Sherif M. A. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe aimed to augment the proton conductivity of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) by crosslinking polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) with PVA without any crosslinkers for the first time to form polyvinyl ketal (PVKL). Several characterization techniques were used, including Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). To investigate the wettability and proton conductivity performances of the PVKL film, the contact angle, water uptake, and proton conductivity were also evaluated. The PVKL film exhibited excellent water uptake ability (>400%); its proton conductivity was 100 mS cm−1 at 110°C. The proton conductivity of PVKL film increases because PVKL film has a larger charge carrier concentration owing to ketal ring formation. The results point to the longer lifespan for the PVKL film and reveal that the film exhibits excellent proton conductivity rather than PVA film. Thus, it can be potentially used in various optoelectronic applications.
Preparation and properties of stover cellulose grafted poly (acrylic acid‐potassium humate) with water‐retention and slow‐release fertilizer
Authors: Yang Lanwen , Xie Guiming , Li Hongping , Nie Chenchen , Zhou Jun , Liu Hao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo improve the utilization of stover and fertilizer and also save water resources, a degradable slow‐release fertilizer of corn stover cellulose graft poly (acrylic acid‐potassium humate) (CSC‐g‐P(AA‐KHA)) was prepared using corn stover cellulose (CSC), acrylic acid (AA) and potassium humate (KHA) by aqueous solution polymerization. Characterization of CSC‐g‐P(AA‐KHA) with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques provided evidence for the successful preparation. The product prepared exhibited excellent water absorbency (792.89 g·g−1 and 72.69 g·g−1 in deionized water and 0.9 wt% NaCl solution, respectively) and enhanced soil's capacity of water holding and water retention. After 5 cycles, the water absorptivities of CSC‐g‐P(AA‐KHA) in deionized water and 0.9 wt% NaCl solution were 51.71% and 49.97% of their initial water absorption, respectively. The degradation rate of CSC‐g‐P(AA‐KHA) was 32.02% after 50 days. Soil column leaching test and pot experiment demonstrated the slow‐release effect and plant growth promotion of CSC‐g‐P(AA‐KHA). CSC‐g‐P(AA‐KHA) showed desirable application potential in agriculture and is expected to become a functional fertilizer that integrates water absorbing, water‐holding and slow‐release properties.
Continuous extrusion foaming process of biodegradable nanocomposites based on poly(lactic acid)/carbonaceous nanoparticles with different geometric shapes: An insight into involved physical, chemical and rheological phenomena
Authors: Soleimanpour Amirali , Khonakdar Hanieh , Mousavi Seyed Rasoul , Banaei Nastaran , Hemmati Farkhondeh , Arjmand Mohammad , Ruckdäschel Holger , Khonakdar Hossein Ali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne‐step extrusion foaming process of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA)‐based nanocomposites in the presence of chemical foaming agent and chain extender has great complexity to control. In this work, PLA‐based nanocomposites containing different carbonaceous nanoparticles with different geometric shapes were obtained through a co‐rotating twin‐screw extrusion process to get insight into the dominant phenomena, which control the structural and final properties of PLA foams. The reactive extrusion foaming of PLA melt was investigated in the presence of carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and a chain extender additive as well as a chemical foaming agent. Nanoparticles affect the continuous extrusion foaming of PLA melt through several phenomena, including providing bubble heterogeneous nucleation sites, intensifying the chemical decomposition of the foaming agent, improving the PLA structural modification reaction, increasing PLA molecular weight and restricting the dissolved gas removal from the melt. By influencing the involved phenomena in process, the nanoparticles at low levels, especially CNT and GO, increased the void content and cell size of PLA foams. The incorporation of CNT and GO nanofillers at the 0.5 phr level increased the electrical conductivity of PLA foams sharply by 9 and 10 orders of magnitude, resulting in lightweight, biodegradable semi‐conductive foams.
Antimicrobial andUVprotective chitosan/lignin multilayer nanocoating with immobilized silver nanoparticles
Authors: Marković Darka , Petkovska Jovana , Mladenovic Nina , Radoičić Marija , Rodriguez‐Melendez Danixa , Ilic‐Tomic Tatjana , Radetić Maja , Grunlan Jaime C. , Jordanov Igor 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPoor antimicrobial activity and lack of protection against UV irradiation are weaknesses of cotton textiles. In an attempt to impart superior antimicrobial and UV‐protective properties to cotton, layer‐by‐layer deposition of chitosan and magnesium lignosulfonate, and in situ synthesis of silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs), was performed. Lignin, in a chitosan/lignin multilayer, simultaneously acts as a UV protective macromolecule and natural reducing and stabilizing agent, allowing formation of Ag NPs. Four bilayers of this coating is sufficient for fabrication of a chitosan/lignin/Ag‐NP textile nanocomposite treatment with 50+ UV protection. 100% reduction of Gram‐negative bacteriaEscherichia coli, gram‐positive bacteriaStaphylococcus aureus,and yeastCandida albicanscan be achieved with a 12‐bilayer coating, when 20 mM silver nitrate solution and sodium borohydride are applied. On the other hand, four bilayers impregnated with Ag NPs, using 10 mM silver nitrate solution, provides sufficient antimicrobial activity independent of an added reducing agent. This treatment exhibits no inhibition of human keratinocyte cells growth on the skin, indicating low cytotoxicity.
A green method for preparing mechanically robust poly(propylene carbonate) with full biodegradability via incorporating hybrid natural filler
Authors: Zhang Xuhui , Ji Guangyao , Yang Jianing , Jiang Jie , He Jianzhong , Li Ting , Huang Jing , Chen Mingqing , Dong Weifu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStrong, tough, and biodegradable polymers from renewable raw materials are of great importance in circumventing environmental issues. Poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC), a biodegradable carbon dioxide (CO2)/propylene oxide copolymer, has been simultaneously strengthened and toughened by incorporating a hybrid natural filler (CNF@xyl). The CNF@xyl is formed by coating cellulose nanofibril (CNF) with small xylitol (xyl) particles using evaporation‐induced self‐assembly. In CNF@xyl, the xyl cladding around CNF can improve the dispersion of CNF in PPC by inhibiting the contact among CNF, and can enhance the interfacial interaction by providing high‐density hydrogen bonds. Meanwhile, the CNF can minimize the size of xyl particles by being a substrate for xyl spreading. Consequently, by incorporating the hybrid fillers at small fraction, PPC/(CNF0.4@xyl2.0) exhibits a Young's modulus of 1318 ± 65 MPa, a tensile strength of 19.07 ± 0.98 MPa, and a toughness of 77.64 ± 3.21 MJ/m3, which is 161%, 145%, and 130% of that of neat PPC, respectively. More importantly, CNF, xyl, and PPC are fully biodegradable while CNF and xyl are renewable. This work offers a novel yet green method for optimizing the mechanical properties of biodegradable polymers and provides an alternative way to circumvent environmental issues.
Mechanical behavior and essential work of fracture of surface‐modified exfoliated graphite filled polypropylene/ethylene‐vinyl acetate blend nano‐composites
Authors: Fotoohi Abuzar , Ashenai Ghasemi Faramarz , Fasihi Mohammad , Rajaee Pouya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolymer nano‐composites have an extensive diversity of applications in many areas, including automotive, construction, healthcare, and electronics. Excellent tensile and fracture properties are commonly required to achieve the appropriate properties. In this research, the tensile and fracture behavior of polypropylene (PP)/ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA)/exfoliated graphite (EG) blend nano‐composites are investigated. The exfoliated graphite was either unmodified or surface‐modified with ammonium polyphosphate (APP). When the modified exfoliated graphite (EG‐g‐APP) was added to PP/EVA compounds, the tensile properties were more enhanced compared to unmodified EG. The elongation at break was around 2 times greater in the blend containing EG‐g‐APP. The essential work of fracture (EWF) approach was utilized to evaluate the effect of EG and EG‐g‐APP on the fracture behavior of PP/EVA blends. The we and βwp values of the nano‐composites including EG‐g‐APP were mainly higher than nano‐composites containing EG at the same nano‐filler concentration. Also, according to SEM imaging, the EWF analysis results suggested that the preeminent mechanism of fracture in various compounds is the debonding of EVA from PP, which causes shear yielding and fibrillar structures on the surface of the compounds. It was observed that as EVA increased, the number of cavities and the size of fibrillar structures were increased. Enhancement in fracture toughness and matrix resistance was attributed to a growth in the number of nano‐voids and a decrease in voids' size.
Recent Advancements on Metal‐Free Vicinal Diamination of Alkenes: Synthetic Strategies and Mechanistic Insights
Authors: Kumar Ravinder , Khanna Yugam , Kaushik Parul , Kamal Raj , Khokhar Shiwani 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe oxidative aminative vicinal difunctionalization of alkenes or related chemical feedstocks has emerged as sustainable and multipurpose strategies that can efficiently construct two −N bonds, and simultaneously prepare the synthetically fascinating molecules and catalysis in organic synthesis that typically required multi‐step reactions. This review summarized the impressive breakthroughs on synthetic methodologies (2015‐2022) documented especially over inter/intra‐molecular vicinal diamination of alkenes with electron‐rich or deficient diverse nitrogen sources. These unprecedented strategies predominantly involved iodine‐based reagents/catalysts, which resent the interest of organic chemists due to their impressive role as flexible, non‐toxic, and environmentally friendly reagents, resulting in a wide variety of synthetically useful organic molecules. Moreover, the information collected also describes the significant role of catalyst, terminal oxidant, substrate scope, synthetic applications, and their unsuccessful results to highlight the limitations. Special emphasis has been given to proposed mechanistic pathways to determine the key factors governing the issues of regioselectivity, enantioselectivity, and diastereoselectivity ratios.
A Bipyridine‐Promoted Csp3−Csp3 Coupling of beta‐Chlorophenones
Authors: Li Bao , Wang Junrui , Wang Jie , Zhao Yingsheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel, direct Csp3−Csp3 coupling reaction of β‐chlorophenone with alkanes using 2‐(tert‐butylperoxy)‐2‐methylpropane (DTBP) as the oxidant and 2,2′‐bipyridine (bpy) as the effective additive was developed. A variety of β‐chloropropiophenones were well tolerated, and afforded alkylated products in moderate to good yields. A mechanistic study indicated a free radical pathway was involved in this alkyl‐alkyl cross‐coupling reaction.
Schwinduntersuchungen zu einer fugenlosen 24,4 m langen Carbonbetonschale – ZiE TWIST
Authors: Schmidt Angela , Frenzel Michael , Scheerer Silke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFür die Errichtung des Carbonbetonhauses CUBE waren umfangreiche Untersuchungen zur Festlegung von Materialkennwerten ungeregelter Baustoffe, von neuen Anwendungsbereichen bereits zugelassener Bauprodukte und von untypischen Bauweisen erforderlich, die Voraussetzung für die Erlangung von Zustimmungen im Einzelfall (ZiE) und vorhabenbezogenen Bauartgenehmigungen (vBG) waren. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden einige der Untersuchungen zur Erlangung der ZiE/vBG für den Gebäudeteil TWIST vorgestellt. Zunächst wird erläutert, wie die Schwindmaße der Betone für die Trag‐ und Wetterschalen der TWIST‐Elemente ermittelt wurden. Anschließend widmet sich der Beitrag dem Schwindverhalten von zwei 24,4 m langen Plattenstreifen, die einen Ausschnitt aus dem ebenso langen TWIST‐Element darstellten. Die Untersuchungen gestatteten Prognosen zum Verformungsverhalten der Carbonbetonwetterschale. Basierend auf den gemessenen bzw. durch Modellkalibrierung ermittelten und schließlich in der ZiE/vBG erfassten Werten konnten die Verformungen der Carbonbetonschalen im Grenzzustand der Gebrauchstauglichkeit rechnerisch realitätsnah bestimmt werden. Sie waren so gering, dass die Schalen auf der Baustelle fugenlos hergestellt werden konnten.
Optimierte Konzepte für den sprengtechnischen Rückbau von Naturzugkühltürmen
Authors: Fickler Nicolas , Demmer Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDer Rückbau von Naturzugkühltürmen stellt einen wesentlichen Beitrag im Zuge der Umnutzung alter Kraftwerksstandorte dar. Aus monetären Gründen im Zusammenspiel mit Gründen der Nachhaltigkeit, die sich besonders in der Wiederverwendbarkeit der Flächen und im Recycling der Ressource Stahlbeton niederschlagen, ist ein zeitnaher Rückbau der Naturzugkühltürme nach Betriebsende in den meisten Fällen empfehlenswert. Der Beitrag zeigt neben dem etablierten Stand der Technik Potenziale zur Weiterentwicklung von Konzepten für den Rückbau von Naturzugkühltürmen auf. Dabei bieten komplexe numerische Simulationen mittlerweile die Möglichkeit, sowohl die Standsicherheit für temporäre, vorgeschwächte Bauzustände als auch das Kollapsverhalten der Stahlbetonbauwerke bei Sprengung zielgenau beurteilen zu können. Den zentralen Aspekt bildet hier die Sicherheit in verschiedenen Facetten, die insbesondere auch für unmittelbare Nachbarbebauungen zu betrachten und zu gewährleisten ist. Die vorgestellten neuen Rückbaukonzepte, für die noch keine praktischen Erfahrungswerte vorliegen, werden vergleichend den etablierten Konzepten gegenübergestellt und hinsichtlich der Aspekte Standsicherheit, Kollapssicherheit, Erschütterungsprognose, erforderliche Sicherungsmaßnahmen, Auswirkungen auf die Umwelt, Arbeitsaufwand und Kosten bewertet.
CUBE – Demonstrationsflächen und Ausstellungsobjekte
Authors: Frenzel Michael , Stelzmann Mario , Söhnchen Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn dem Bericht werden die am Forschungshaus CUBE installierten Demonstratorflächen und ‐objekte aus Carbonbeton vorgestellt. Dazu gehören die Innenwände der Teeküche und Garderobe, die Versuchsstände und Austauschflächen im Fassadenbereich der BOX sowie verschiedene Ausstellungsobjekte im Außen‐ und Innenbereich. Dabei wird gezeigt, wie vielfältig und vorteilhaft Carbonbeton eingesetzt werden kann, z. B. als gestalterisches Element für raumgebende Bauteile oder als Teil von Inventar‐ und Möbeleinheiten. Er lässt sich vorspannen, aufheizen und an der Oberfläche bedrucken. Zudem können in Carbonbetonplatten elektrische Schaltelemente und Hochleistungsdämmungen integriert werden.
Herstellung von Carbonbetonbauteilen im Spritzverfahren – Technologieentwicklung
Authors: Stelzmann Mario , Frenzel Michael , Holschemacher Klaus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDie beiden geometrisch verwundenen, je 24 m langen CUBE‐TWIST‐Schalen aus Carbonbeton wurden zum überwiegenden Teil im Spritzverfahren hergestellt. Aufbauend auf Erfahrungen zur Anwendung von Textil‐/Carbonbeton bei Verstärkungsmaßnahmen von Stahlbetonbetonteilen wurde im Vorfeld verschiedenen baupraktischen Fragestellungen nachgegangen. Ziel der Untersuchungen war die Entwicklung einer Verfahrensweise zur Herstellung der TWIST‐Bauteile unter Baustellenbedingungen. Dabei war es wichtig, die statisch‐konstruktiven Randbedingungen und die optimale Sichtbetonqualität mit einer baupraktischen Herstellbarkeit zu verknüpfen. Der Beitrag beschreibt u. a. Untersuchungen zum Spritzen von massiven Balken, zum Sichabzeichnen von Carbonbewehrung auf der Schalseite und die Herstellung eines Teildemonstrators im Maßstab 1:1. Näher erläutert werden Prüfungen zur Konsistenzhaltung des verwendeten Spritzbetons und der Einbettung von Carbonfasergelegen in den Spritzbeton. Ferner beschreibt der Beitrag die Nachbehandlung der TWIST‐Wetterschale durch Benebelung der Frischbetonoberfläche auf der Baustelle.