bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of sprint interval training with or without weight loss on substrate oxidation in adults: A secondary analysis of the i‐FLEX study
Authors: Nancekievill Dawson , Colpitts Benjamin H. , Seaman Ken , Girard Martine , Sénéchal Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEndurance exercise training and weight loss (WL) have been associated with changes in fat oxidation. However, there is limited evidence investigating the impact of sprint interval training (SIT)‐induced WL on fat oxidation in adults. To investigate the impact of SIT with or without WL on fat oxidation, 34 adults aged 19–60 years (males, n = 15) took part in 4‐week SIT. SIT consisted of 30‐s Wingates starting with two intervals and working up to four interspersed with 4 min of active recovery. Fat oxidation was estimated via indirect calorimetry using a metabolic cart during submaximal cycling. Following the intervention, participants were classified into a WL group (weight change >0 kg) or a non‐WL group (weight change ≤0 kg). No difference in resting fat oxidation (p = 0.642) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) (p = 0.646) were observed between the groups. There was a significant interaction for the WL group with increased submaximal fat oxidation usage (p = 0.005) and decreased submaximal RER over the duration of the study (p = 0.017). When adjusted for baseline weight and sex, submaximal fat oxidation usage remained significant (p < 0.05), while RER did not (p = 0.081). The WL group had higher work volume, relative peak power, and mean power than the non‐WL group (p < 0.05). Short‐term SIT elicited significant improvements in submaximal RER and fat oxidation (FOx) in adults that lost weight, which may be explained by an increase in work volume throughout SIT training.
Lateral position does not cause an interhemicerebral difference of cerebral hemodynamic in healthy adult volunteers
Authors: Kamiya Ichiro , Kim Chol , Kageyama Atsuko , Sakamoto Atsuhiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCerebral perfusion is maintained at a consistent value irrespective of changes in systemic blood pressure or disease‐induced changes in general physical condition. This regulatory mechanism is effective despite postural changes, working even during changes in posture, such as those from sitting to standing or from the head‐down to the head‐up position. However, no study has addressed changes in perfusion separately in the left and right cerebral hemispheres, and there has been no specific investigation of the effect of the lateral decubitus position on perfusion in each hemisphere. Surgery, particularly respiratory surgery, is often performed with the patient in the lateral decubitus position, and since intraoperative anesthesia may also have an effect, it is important to ascertain the effect of the lateral decubitus position on perfusion in the left and right cerebral hemispheres in the absence of anesthesia. The effects of the lateral decubitus position on heart rate, blood pressure, and hemodynamic in the left and right cerebral hemispheres assessed by regional saturation of oxygen measured by near‐infrared spectroscopy were investigated in healthy adult volunteers. Although the lateral decubitus position causes systemic circulatory changes, it may not cause any difference in hemodynamic between the left and right cerebral hemispheres.
A flow approach to the prescribed Gaussian curvature problem in ℍ𝑛+1
Authors: Li Haizhong , Zhang Ruijia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the following prescribed Gaussian curvature problem:

K
=

f
~

⁢

(
θ
)

ϕ
⁢

(
ρ
)

α
−
2

⁢

ϕ
⁢

(
ρ
)

2

+

|

∇
¯

⁢
ρ

|

2

,

K=\frac{\tilde{f}(\theta)}{\phi(\rho)^{\alpha-2}\sqrt{\phi(\rho)^{2}+\lvert\overline{\nabla}\rho\rvert^{2}}},

a generalization of the Alexandrov problem (

α
=

n
+
1

\alpha=n+1

) in hyperbolic space, where

f
~

\tilde{f}

is a smooth positive function on

S
n

\mathbb{S}^{n}

, 𝜌 is the radial function of the hypersurface,

ϕ
⁢

(
ρ
)

=

sinh
⁡
ρ

\phi(\rho)=\sinh\rho

and 𝐾 is the Gauss curvature.
By a flow approach, we obtain the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the above equations when

α
≥

n
+
1

\alpha\geq n+1

.
Our argument provides a parabolic proof in smooth category for the Alexandrov problem in

H

n
+
1

\mathbb{H}^{n+1}

.
We also consider the cases

2
<
α
≤

n
+
1

2<\alpha\leq n+1

under the evenness assumption of

f
~

\tilde{f}

and prove the existence of solutions to the above equations.
Hodge theory on ALG∗ manifolds
Authors: Chen Gao , Viaclovsky Jeff , Zhang Ruobing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We develop a Fredholm theory for the Hodge Laplacian in weighted spaces on ALG∗ manifolds in dimension four.
We then give several applications of this theory.
First, we show the existence of harmonic functions with prescribed asymptotics at infinity.
A corollary of this is a non-existence result for ALG∗ manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvature having group

Γ
=

{
e
}

\Gamma=\{e\}

at infinity.
Next, we prove a Hodge decomposition for the first de Rham cohomology group of an ALG∗ manifold.
A corollary of this is vanishing of the first Betti number for any ALG∗ manifold with non-negative Ricci curvature.
Another application of our analysis is to determine the optimal order of ALG∗ gravitational instantons.
A modified Jerusalem inspired bandpass FSS for multiband applications based on concentric ring slots
Authors: Garg Joohi , Yadav Sanjeev , Sharma Mahendra Mohan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the design of a multi-band planar bandpass Frequency Selective Surface with the novel rings and a modified Jerusalem cross integrated structure. To begin, the proposed FSS array geometry is defined by constructing a unit cell size of order of 0.57 λ
0 × 0.57 λ
0 where λ
0 represents free-space wavelength of the first resonant frequency of the FSS periodic structure using novel concentric rings, leading to low profile design. The array structure is fabricated on the substrate material FR4 with a permittivity of 4.4 and having a thickness of 0.8 mm. Combination of concentric rings and Jerusalem Integrated Structure is examined. Low-profile, simpler design, improved angular and polarization stability are all benefits of the proposed FSS. The proposed FSS structure is designed to obtain a stable frequency response over entire Ku band. The simulated and experimental results are measured in a free space measurement setup, which indicate resonances at 12.39 GHz, 14.63 GHz, 16.11 GHz and 17.82 GHz, exhibits supported band pass frequency ratio 1.43 for Ku band applications. The simulated, equivalent circuit model and experimental results showed that the experimental results agree well with the simulated results for both TE (Transverse Electric) mode and TM (Transverse Magnetic) mode of polarization.
Dental aesthetic related popularity and peer pressure, a survey of adolescents in Pakistan
Authors: Shahzad Hazik B. , Awais Faiza , Kazmi Farhat , Arshad Anas Imran , Manzar Saadia , Rashid Shahrayne , Zahra Sakeena , Ghafoor Mohammad Khan , Zahra Baneen , Khan Shaleezay Rashid , Amir W Ahmad Wan Muhamad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesMost research has focused on determining how popularity and peer pressure impact behaviours, rather than identifying a key feature such as dental aesthetics and studying its impacts in relation to popularity and peer pressure.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 527 children from four schools located in Lahore, Pakistan. A 14-point questionnaire was developed, using existing measures of peer pressure, and popularity. The selected questions were modified to investigate the issues of dental aesthetics and integrated into the WHO oral health questionnaire for children.ResultsMore than 50 % of the participants indicated popularity issues regarding dental aesthetics. 63.5 % of the responses indicated an influence of relatives and friends, whereas 38 % responses reported of harassment and bullying at schools. Regression analysis shows that the females were 1.99 times more likely to get comments from relative or friends about their teeth and 2.17 times more likely to be bullied or harassed at school due to their teeth when compared to the males. Fathers with a higher education brought about higher popularity and peer pressure issues. Mothers with a higher education were less likely to cause popularity and peer pressure issues than mothers with a lower education. Popularity and peer pressure were both significantly related to higher dental visitation.ConclusionsPopularity and peer pressure have a direct link to dental aesthetics in an individual and are impacted by gender, family relatives and parental influences. The area of popularity and peer pressure related to dental aesthetics can be targeted in health education programs to empower children to adopt better oral health behaviours.
Predictive value of ultrasound in prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias: hints for accurate diagnosis
Authors: Uygur Lutfiye , Sivrikoz Tugba Sarac , Kalelioglu Ibrahim Halil , Has Recep , Isguder Cigdem Kunt , Oktar Tayfun , Basaran Seher , Yuksel Atil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study aims to assess the diagnostic accuracy of targeted ultrasound examination in prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias and to evaluate the predictive values of defined ultrasonographic findings of hypospadias.

Methods
The cases diagnosed with hypospadias in our fetal medicine center were identified on an electronic database. The ultrasound reports, images and hospital records were reviewed retrospectively. The predictive value of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and the predictive values of each sonographic finding were assessed according to the postnatal clinical examinations.

Results
Thirty-nine cases were diagnosed with hypospadias on ultrasound during the 6 years. Nine fetuses with missing postnatal examination records were excluded. Twentytwo of the remaining fetuses had their prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias confirmed in postnatal examinations, indicating a 73.3 % positive predictive value. Normal external genitalia was detected in postnatal examinations of three fetuses. Five fetuses were diagnosed with other external genital abnormalities, including micropenis (n=2), clitoromegaly (n=2), and buried penis with bifid scrotum (n=1) in postnatal examinations. The positive predictive value of prenatal ultrasound for any external genital abnormality was 90 %.

Conclusions
Although the positive predictive value of ultrasound for genital anomalies is satisfying, it is slightly lower for the specific diagnosis of hypospadias. This reflects overlapping ultrasound findings of different external genitalia anomalies. Standardized, systematic evaluation of the internal and external genital organs, karyotyping and genetic sex determination are essential to achieve a precise prenatal diagnosis of hypospadias.
Effect of postpartum drenching on rumination time and reticuloruminal pH at a Hungarian dairy farm
Authors: Lénárt Lea , Horváth András , Kis Tamás , Buják Dávid , Szenci Ottó 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this research was to investigate the effect of drenching with a feed additive on rumination time (RT) and reticuloruminal pH post-partum at a Hungarian large-scale dairy farm. One hundred and sixty-one cows were fitted with a Ruminact© HR-Tag and from these 20 also received SmaXtec© ruminal boli approximately 5 days before calving. Drenching and control groups were established based on calving dates. Animals in the drenching group were dosed three times (Day 0/day of calving/, Day 1, and Day 2 after calving) using a feed additive containing calcium propionate, magnesium sulphate, yeast, potassium chloride and sodium chloride mixed in approximately 25 L of lukewarm water. RT before calving and sensitivity to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) were considered in the final analysis. There was a significant decrease in RT in the drenched groups compared to the controls after drenching. Reticuloruminal pH was significantly higher and time below reticuloruminal pH 5.8 remained significantly lower in SARA-tolerant drenched animals on the days of the first and the second drenchings. Drenching temporarily decreased RT in both drenched groups compared to controls. The feed additive had a positive effect on reticuloruminal pH and time below reticuloruminal pH 5.8 in tolerant drenched animals.
Eutanasia, objeción de conciencia y aplicaciones tecnológicas
Authors: Valdivia-Jiménez Ramón-Darío 
Published: May 2023

La creciente aceptación social de la eutanasia contrasta con la opinión de la profesión médica que, aunque goce de ciertas garantías en la LORE, puede ver alterado su código deontológico si el Sistema Nacional de Salud transforma la relación humana entre médicopaciente por una relación, cada vez más expansiva, de tipo tecnológico.
La complejidad de la valoración del contexto eutanásico y la fuerte animadversión de la profesión médica a la aplicación de la eutanasia no pueden servir de criterio para fomentar la robotización de una sanidad, que tiene como principios el respeto de la vida humana, la dignidad de la persona y el cuidado de la salud del individuo y de la comunidad.
Este trabajo presenta un análisis crítico con la hipótesis de la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías que pudieran suplantar la objeción de conciencia individual y de la profesión médica respecto a la eutanasia.
Identifying the effect of aromatic compounds on the combustion characteristics of crude coconut oil droplet
Authors: Riupassa Helen , Suyatno Suyatno , Nanlohy Hendry Yoshua 
Published: May 2023

For now, energy sources uses are still dominated by fossil fuels, whose availability is limited and continues to decline. Therefore, new alternative energy is needed to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Crude vegetable oil is one alternative energy source that can be utilized as a substitute for fossil fuels because vegetable oil has a composition almost similar to fossil fuel. Crude coconut oil is an alternative to biodiesel to reduce dependency on fossil fuels. The combustion reaction of crude coconut oil is tricky because it has bonds saturated chain, so a substance is needed to weaken the carbon chain to increase the burning rate. The burning rate of coconut oil droplets has been investigated experimentally by adding clove oil and eucalyptus oil bio-additives. Tests were carried out with single droplets suspended on a thermocouple at atmospheric pressure and room temperature and ignited with a hot wire. The addition of clove oil and eucalyptus oil as bio-additives in crude coconut oil was 100 ppm and 300 ppm, respectively. The suspended droplet combustion method was chosen to increase the contact area between the air and fuel so that the reactivity of the fuel molecules increases. The results showed that the eugenol compounds in clove oil and cineol compounds in eucalyptus oil were both aromatic and had an unsymmetrical carbon chain geometry structure. Therefore, this factor has the potential to accelerate the occurrence of effective collisions between fuel molecules; thus, the fuel is flammable, as evidenced by the increased burning rate. Moreover, from the observations, it was found that the highest burning rate was achieved in both bio-additives with a concentration of 300 ppm
Development of directions for improving the monitoring of the state economic security under conditions of global instability
Authors: Poltorak Anastasiia , Volosyuk Yuriy , Tyshchenko Svitlana , Khrystenko Olha , Rybachuk Volodymyr 
Published: May 2023

The long-term pressure of the COVID-19 pandemic and hostilities in Ukraine have caused catastrophic consequences in all sectors of life, which negatively affect the overall level of economic security of the state. In these circumstances, the task to adjust the mechanisms for assessing the state of economic security, taking into account existing non-standard challenges, is urgent. The object of this study is the processes of transformation of mechanisms for monitoring the state of economic security of the state under conditions of global instability.
The conceptual foundations for monitoring the state of economic security of the state have been deepened and, taking into account the results of the expert assessment, the directions of its modification have been proposed for practical application. The need to revise the weighting values of indicators of the state of economic security, taking into account the principle of "critical" link, has been determined. The need to update the list of indicators of the state of economic security, taking into account structural changes in the state economy, was emphasized. It is recommended to use the multiplicative form of the integral indicator of the state of economic security instead of the additive one, as well as the method of the reference coefficient instead of the normalization method relative to the scope of variation.
The state of economic security in the context of its structural parts is comprehensively assessed. The existing trends of deterioration of the state of demographic, investment-innovative, macroeconomic subsystems, which should be considered as sources of "weak link", have been registered. The decrease in the level of economic security from 52 % in 2007 to 47 % in 2021 has been proved.
The practical use of the scientific results reported here could contribute to improving the effectiveness of management decisions aimed at strengthening the system of economic security of the state under modern conditions of global instability.
Development of a method of complex analysis and multidimensional forecasting of the state of intelligence objects
Authors: Nechyporuk Olena , Sova Oleg , Shyshatskyi Andrii , Kravchenko Serhii , Nalapko Oleksii , Shknai Oleh , Klimovych Serhii , Kravchenko Olha , Kovbasiuk Oleksandr , Bychkov Anton 
Published: May 2023

A method of complex analysis and multidimensional forecasting of the state of intelligence objects is proposed to increase the accuracy of their state assessment. The object of research is decision support systems. The subject of research is the process of decision-making in management problems using artificial intelligence methods. The hypothesis of research is to increase the efficiency of decision-making with a given assessment reliability. The proposed method is based on a combination of fuzzy cognitive and temporal models, an advanced cat swarm optimization algorithm and evolving artificial neural networks. The method has the following sequence of actions:
‒ input of initial data;
‒ processing of initial data taking into account uncertainty about the state of heterogeneous intelligence objects;
‒ construction of a fuzzy temporal ontological model of heterogeneous intelligence objects;
‒ conclusion on the state of heterogeneous intelligence objects;
‒ correction of the fuzzy temporal ontological model;
‒ building a fuzzy relational temporal cognitive model of heterogeneous intelligence objects and forecasting the state of the intelligence object;
‒ training knowledge bases on heterogeneous intelligence objects.
The training procedure consists in learning the synaptic weights of the artificial neural network, the type and parameters of the membership function, as well as the architecture of individual elements and the architecture of the artificial neural network as a whole. The method makes it possible to increase the efficiency of data processing at the level of 18–25 % by using additional improved procedures. The proposed method should be used to solve the problems of evaluating complex and dynamic heterogeneous intelligence objects, characterized by a high degree of complexity.
Development of a model of information process management in the information and educational environment of preschool education organizations
Authors: Aitymova Aliya , Iklassova Kainizhamal , Abildinova Gulmira , Shaporeva Anna , Kopnova Oxana , Kushumbayev Agibay , Smolyaninova Svetlana , Aitymov Zhanat , Karymsakova Anara 
Published: May 2023

One of the important elements of the information infrastructure of educational institutions is the information and educational environment. The information and educational environment of preschool education organizations has its own characteristics, which must be taken into account when building a model for managing information processes.
The object of study in this work is the information and educational environment for preschool education organizations. The problem to be solved is the need to develop a model for managing data and information processes, which will allow determining the learning outcomes of preschoolers and adjusting individual work with them.
The introduction of the developed model allowed to reduce the time spent on adjusting individual work with students by 30 %. These results are explained by the optimization of information processes, as well as improved monitoring of the formation of skills of preschoolers and a reduction in the time for its implementation. When monitoring for each child, 211 indicators are examined. There are 633 indicators per year for three monitoring, in aggregate, per one child. By default, the data is entered into Microsoft Excel and processed manually. However, a large number of entries slows down the processing of Microsoft Excel data and increases the chance of errors. The use of this model will make it possible to carry out calculations automatically, save data and generate reports for each child or group of children.
The developed model can be used in information and educational environments for preschool education organizations in order to improve the efficiency of monitoring and managing educational processes
Revealing the influence of ultrasonic processing on the kinetic parameters of convective and combined drying of raw apple materials
Authors: Savoiskyi Oleksandr , Sirenko Viktor 
Published: May 2023

The object of research is the process of convective and combined drying of apple raw materials treated before dehydration in an ultrasonic bath. The use of pretreatment solves the issue of intensifying the dehydration process and maintaining the quality of the product.
Sonication for 5 min reduces the dehydration process by 13.7 %, and at 10 min processing – by 27.8 % compared to traditional convective drying. With increasing processing time to 20 minutes, the dehydration rate deteriorates.
Sonication of raw materials for 5 minutes under combined heating does not intensify the dehydration process, and within 10 and 20 minutes it reduces the efficiency of moisture removal. When processed for 10 minutes, the time to reach the final moisture content is increased by 17.2 %, and at 20 min – by 23.4 % compared to control samples.
Regardless of the processing time, there is a decrease in the maximum temperature of the samples in the combined drying process. When processed for 5 minutes, the maximum temperature of the samples decreased by 4.3 %, and with 10 and 20-minute processing – by 8.6 % and 12 % compared to the temperature of samples without sonication.
The results are explained by the "sponge effect" caused by ultrasonic vibrations and the phenomenon of cavitation that occurs in the liquid during the action of the ultrasonic field.
The peculiarity of the pre-sonication before drying is the possibility to intensify the convective dehydration process without increasing the heat carrier's temperature. The use of this type of processing in a combined energy supply will solve the problem of preserving the quality of the finished product by reducing the maximum temperature of the raw material.
The research reported here could be a prerequisite for practial design of an energy-efficient electrical system for drying fruit and vegetable raw materials.