bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heavy metals in agricultural cultivated products irrigated with wastewater in India: a review
Authors: Mohanty Bibhabasu , Das Anirban 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Indiscriminate industrialization and urbanization have negatively impacted our environment. One of the common environmental problems in semi-urban areas in India is the discharge of inefficiently treated municipal, industrial and domestic wastewater into the environment, resulting in the degradation of soil and water qualities. Depleting freshwater resources have led Indian farmers to look for easily available, cheaper, and nutrient-rich sources of irrigation water in the form of wastewater; however, this also led to increased pollutant transfer to the soils. Known as persistent pollutants, heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and a few others are potentially hazardous due to their non-biodegradable nature, extended biological half-lives, and biological interactions. These heavy metals can bind to soil surfaces and then be absorbed by plant tissues. Vegetables supply micronutrients, antioxidants, vitamins, and other nutrients essential for human growth. Therefore, the consumption of vegetables/crops grown in wastewater-irrigated land poses a potential threat to humans. Since wastewater irrigation cannot be eliminated in the Indian (semi-)urban areas because of the ever-increasing demand for irrigation water, it is important to assess the impact of wastewater irrigation. This review article congregates the findings of studies from India wherein heavy metal contaminations in vegetables have been reported. An attempt was made to estimate the risk to human health because of the long-term consumption of vegetables cultivated in wastewater-irrigated lands from the Indian sites.
Development of suitability map for managed aquifer recharge: Case study, West Delta, Egypt
Authors: Hani Heba Mohamed , El Din Mohamed M. Nour , Khalifa Abdelkawi , Elalfy Ezzat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is considered an innovative method for storing water in the subsurface. In this work, multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was used to delineate potential groundwater recharge areas for MAR implementation in Western Delta using reclaimed wastewater. By employing geographical information systems (GIS) and pairwise comparison matrix (PCM), a modified approach was utilized for the development of the suitability map by capturing the interlinkages between a specified MAR technique (spreading methods) and MAR suitability mapping processes. The developed approach was created with a range of constraining and factorial considerations. Based on the findings, MAR potential recharge zones included four main suitability classes. The presence of high-suitability areas was mainly delineated in the northeast part, particularly around the left side of the Nile River valley. Areas of low suitability were located around the west-north side where the hydrological criterion seems to hinder the implementation due to the low productivity of the hydrogeologic layer. The developed methodology reflected the importance of specific determining factors (i.e., slope and depth to the water table) that govern the successful implementation of infiltration basins and maximize the benefits from soil aquifer treatments effects when taken into account with other hydrogeological and socio-economic variables.
Groundwater contaminant transport modeling using MODFLOW and MT3DMS: a case study in Rajshahi City
Authors: Chowdhury Anupam , Rahnuma Mumtahina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Rapidly growing urbanization and industrialization processes including man-made activities result in groundwater contamination that becomes unsafe for human use. In this study, the groundwater flow and contaminant migration through aquifers in Rajshahi City were modeled using MODFLOW and MT3DMS codes. ModelMuse, a graphical user interface (GUI), is used to run the codes and the hydrological and geological data of the region are used as the input parameters for the model. The travel distance of five selected contaminants such as chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn), from the source (e.g. landfill site), were simulated corresponding to travel times of 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 50 years. The study results showed that the migration distance of the contaminants increases over time and follows a logarithmic trend. Among the contaminants, the model-predicted results show that the concentration of Cr and Pb in the groundwater varies more than 90% from their standards over the period of 50 years, which suggests that these two pollutants are the prime contaminants polluting groundwater in the coming future. This model can be used as an effective decision-making tool for the monitoring of groundwater contaminant transport for a specific location.
Assessment of pathogenic and nonpathogenic contaminants and their relative risks: the case of Dilla town water sources, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebreegziabher Blen Weldegebreal , Mergo Wakshuma Yadesa , Arega Birtukan Getahun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The state of positive health and wellbeing is impossible without safe water. This study was aimed to assess the quality of Dilla town water sources. A total of 108 water samples were collected from twelve sites and selected physical and chemical parameters were analyzed. Most of the physicochemical parameters were in the acceptable range for water quality of WHO and CES. Three sampling sites were contaminated by nitrate with concentration range 51.68–126.30 mg/L. The heavy metal analysis indicated that the levels of iron, zinc, manganese, and chromium in some of the sites exceed values of WHO standard concentrations in the range 0.506–5.773, 3.606–4.312, 0.194–0.588 and 0.053–0.098 mg/L respectively. While three heavy metals (mercury, arsenic and lead) were above the WHO limit in all the sites. The bacteriological analysis of all the water sources indicated microbial contamination, total count of the coliforms ranging from 3 to 80 MPN/100 mL. As per WHO criteria, some of the water sources were grouped in to high-risk. The cause of such contamination may be due to no treatment or poor processing system. Therefore, the need to Hygiene promotion programs, urgent and continuous monitoring is highly recommended.
Evaluation of Outcomes and Regression after Neovascularization Treatment for Non-type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Titawattanakul Yothin 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
To study the unfavorable outcomes and regression after neovascularization treatment for non-type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a tertiary care facility in Thailand.

Methods:
A retrospective study was done of all infants undergoing screening and treatment for ROP at a tertiary referral center between July 2018 and June 2021 with follow-up for 60 weeks postmenstrual ages (PMA). The outcomes measured were unfavorable outcomes, including macula involving posterior retinal folds, macula involving retinal detachment, retrolental cicatrix formation, or a mass obscuring the view of the posterior pole, and the regression of ROP after treatment. The infants received neovascularization treatment (stage 3 ROP) within 72 h of diagnosis. The study also compared the unfavorable outcomes and regression between neovascularization in type 1 ROP and non-type 1 ROP subgroups.

Results:
There were 58 eyes of 31 infants that received neovascularization treatment that were included in the study. Of these 58 eyes, 41 had non-type 1 ROP, and 17 had type 1 ROP. 92.68% of the eyes treated for non-type 1 ROP had stage 3 ROP in zone II with pre-plus disease and 74.47% of the eyes treated for type 1 ROP had stage 3 ROP in zone II with plus disease. The mean gestational age and birth weight of the enrolled infants were 28.48 ± 1.99 weeks and 1165.32 ± 394.57 g, respectively. Unfavorable outcomes after neovascularization treatment occurred in three eyes (17.65%) in the type 1 ROP group, but there were no unfavorable outcomes in the non-type 1 ROP group (p=0.022); these three eyes were treated with laser indirect ophthalmoscopy (LIO) combined with Intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB). The non-type 1 ROP treated with laser LIO alone group had 100% regression, whereas type 1 ROP treated with LIO or combined LIO and IVT bevacizumab group had 82.35% regression. Progression after treatment without regression occurred in five eyes (29.41%) with type 1 ROP, but no progression occurred in eyes with non-type 1 ROP (p=0.001).

Conclusion:
Neovascularization treatment in non-type 1 ROP is useful for preventing unfavorable outcomes and achieving the regression of neovascularization, especially for diseases less severe than type 1 ROP. Moreover, neovascularization treatment in non-type 1 ROP can reduce the progression of ROP disease.
Propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario Revisado de Bullying/Victimización de Olweus para Niños en español
Authors: Resett Santiago , Rodriguez Lucas M. , Moreno Jose Eduardo 
Published: May 2023

El bullying es un importante factor de riesgo para la salud mental de niños y adolescentes, ya que las víctimas presentan mayores niveles de problemas emocionales; mientras que los acosadores muestran mayores problemas de conducta. A pesar de su relevancia, existen pocos instrumentos para su medición en niños de edad escolar. El presente estudio buscó evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del Cuestionario Revisado de Bullying/Victimización de Olweus en una muestra de habla hispana, con la particularidad de ser el primer análisis de habla hispana en niños. Se realizó un estudio instrumental, implementando AFE, AFC y correlaciones de Pearson. Una muestra intencional de 670 niños argentinos, varones (48 %) y mujeres (52 %), de 10 a 12 años (edad media = 10.80; DE = .72) contestaron el cuestionario, la Escala de Calidad de la Amistad y el Inventario de Depresión de Kovacs. Los resultados indicaron una estructura factorial de dos dimensiones: victimización y bullying, que coincidieron con las postuladas por el autor del cuestionario. Los valores de los coeficientes alfas de Cronbach y de omega de McDonald fueron satisfactorios. Se confirmó la evidencia de validez concurrente con la percepción de la calidad de la amistad y la depresión. El cuestionario presentó adecuadas propiedades psicométricas en su adaptación al español argentino.
Serum Antioxidant Status in Sickle Cell Disease Patients: Implications for Oxidative Stress and Disease Severity
Authors: Ali Hadi Zainab , Al-Tu’ma Fadhil Jawad , Hameid Odda Atheer , Almuhafdah Hawra 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: The main aim of this subject is to determine the oxidative status of Iraqi sickle cell anemic patients and then correlated with various biomarkers.
Methods: In this study, blood samples from 100 sickle cell anemic subjects were analyzed, and then compared with control group which consisting of 50 individuals without sickle cell anemia was established. Various biochemical techniques were employed to measure different oxidative stress markers and inflammatory mediators. Serum samples were collected from blood to determine the levels of antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (G-Px), reduced glutathione (GSH), and lipid-peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA).
Results: The results revealed that the levels of serum antioxidant activity (CAT), GSH, and G-Px were significantly reduced with (P < 0.05) in sickle cell anemic patients as compared with apparently control group. In contrast, the MDA level was significantly higher in sickle cell anemic patients than that found in the apparently control group.
Conclusion: In this work, there is an increased oxidative stress in sickle cell anemic patients, which is accompanied by a decrease in antioxidant activity and a rise in lipid peroxidation, leading to the intensification of sickle cell anemic symptoms in patients.
Kerentanan Sosial pada Komunitas Pemulung di Perkotaan
Authors: Seruni Mayang Puti , Hidayat Rakhmat 
Published: May 2023

The waste picker community faces social exclusion and poverty, resulting in a high degree of social vulnerability. To implement effective social policies, it is crucial to understand the complex social vulnerabilities experienced by these individuals. This study aims to illuminate the extent of deprivation faced by urban Indonesian waste pickers in the modern world, revealing not only the intricacies and depth of their vulnerabilities but also the contributing factors. A qualitative research approach was employed, consisting of interviews and observations within a South Tangerang waste picker community from 2014 to 2018. The findings reveal that waste pickers' vulnerabilities stem from interrelated, multidimensional, and layered deprivations. These vulnerabilities should not be viewed as isolated individual conditions but rather as collective community experiences. Consequently, social policies must be developed with a focus on the collectivity of waste pickers, taking into account their relationships and vulnerabilities, and implemented progressively over time.
AbstrakKomunitas pemulung hidup dalam eksklusi sosial dan kemiskinan, yang menyebabkan derajat kerentanan sosial mereka tinggi. Kebijakan sosial yang tepat tidak akan bisa terlaksana jika tidak diketahui kompleksitas kerentanan sosial yang dialami pemulung. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan sejauh mana pemulung di perkotaan Indonesia mengalami deprivasi dalam dunia modern, sehingga dapat terungkap bukan hanya lapisan-lapisan dan kedalaman dari kerentanan mereka, tetapi juga beberapa faktor yang menjadi penyebabnya. Untuk itu, peneliti melakukan studi kualitatif dengan wawancara dan observasi pada satu komunitas pemulung di kota Tangerang Selatan, sejak tahun 2014 hingga 2018. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa kerentanan yang dialami pemulung disebabkan oleh deprivasi yang berlapis, multidimensional dan saling berkaitan. Kerentanan pemulung juga tidak dapat dipahami sebagai kondisi individual, tapi pengalaman kolektif yang berbasis komunitas. Oleh sebab itu, kebijakan sosial yang dikembangkan harus memahami kolektivitas pemulung tersebut, harus menimbang semua relasi dan kerentanan yang dimiliki pemulung, dan harus dilaksanakan secara bertahap dalam waktu yang tidak sebentar.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE SOLOS PARA ANÁLISE DE RECALQUES: ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Almeida Bastos Joardes , Martins Cavalcante de Melo Fernanda , Khoiti Ueno Oscar , Gentil de Oliveira Almeida Vanessa , Alves de Oliveira Herbet 
Published: May 2023

O recalque é um dos fenômenos que mais preocupa os engenheiros de fundações, sobretudo em solos argilosos. Para cálculo do recalque é necessário determinar o coeficiente de compressão e tensão de adensamento, cuja determinações são demoradas. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a correlação entre as propriedades de solos do estado de Sergipe e seu respectivo recalque. Foram utilizados no trabalho três argilas do estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Os solos foram caracterizados pelos ensaios de composição granulométrica, índice de plasticidade, massa específica real, difratometria de raios-X (DRX), análise química por fluorescência de Raio-X (FRX), teor de matéria orgânica e higroscopicidade. Foram produzidos corpos de prova cilíndricos, de 20 mm de diâmetro e 20 mm de altura, para a análise não saturada em prensa axial utilizando tensão de 30 MPa a 120 MPa, e corpos de prova com 100 mm de diâmetro e 10 mm de altura para a análise odométrica saturada. Os resultados apontaram que é possível estabelecer uma previsão do recalque de solos por meio do coeficiente de compressão, utilizando propriedades como composição granulométrica e índice de plasticidade.
Rantai Pemasaran Usaha Ternak Sapi di Kabupaten Sigi (Study Kasus di SPR Anutapura Kabupaten Sigi)
Authors: Riandhana Taufiq Eka , Rahayu Ritha , Maksun Haerani , Syukur Suharno H. , Ashad M. , Indriani Indriani 
Published: May 2023

Bentuk upaya pengembangan ternak sapi, dipandang sangat tepat pada daerah di wilayah Sulawesi Tengah khususnya di Kabupaten Sigi, karena merupakan salah satu komoditi potensial daerah. Hal ini dimungkinkan, karena melihat potensi dan keadaan wilayahnya serta karateristik masyarakatnya sangat mendukung. Berdasarkan tinjauan aspek geografis, klimatologis dan sosial kultur masyarakat tersebut sangat potensial dan representatif untuk pengembangan ternnak sapi. Asumsi tersebut didasari oleh beberapa faktor yang merupakan kekuatan dan peluang yang dimiliki oleh Kecamatan Dolo Selatan Desa Bulu Bete. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 3 April – 3 Juli 2022. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode observasi yaitu pengamatan langsung dan wawancara dengan anggota SPR Anutapura dan wawancara langsung dengan Ketua SPR Anutapura atau sekarang di sebut SASPRI (Solidaritas Alumni SPR Indonesia). Hasil penelitian menunjukan usaha ternak sapi di SASPRI menggunakan 3 pola saluran pemasaran yaitu : (1) Peternak → Konsumen, (2) Peternak → Pedagang Pengumpul → Konsumen, (3) Peternak → Pedagang Pengumpul → Pedagang Pengecer→Konsumen.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium wakegi Araki) pada Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Kandang dan Konsentrasi MOL Daun Kelor
Authors: Tambing Yohanis , Andri Andri 
Published: May 2023

Bawang Merah varietas Lembah Palu (Allium wageki Araki.) memiliki arti penting bagi masyarakat Kota Palu dengan ciri khas tekstur, rasa dan aroma yang khas sehinggga dewasa ini dikembangkan menjadi bahan baku industri bawang goreng khususnya di kawasan kota Palu. Keberhasilan budidaya bawang goreng tersebut sangat tergantung kesuburan tanah sehingga diperlukan pemupukan, khususnya pupuk organik sepeti pupuk kandang ayam dan pupuk mikro organisme lokal (MOL) daun kelor. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis pupuk kandang ayam dan konsentrasi MOL daun kelor yang tepat terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah varietas lembah Palu. Penelitian dilakukan dikebun akademik Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Tadulako dari bulan Desember 2021 sampai Februari 2022. Penelitian disusun menurut rancangan acak kelompok dengan perlakuan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama adalah dosis pupuk kandang ayam terdiri dari kontrol, 3 kg/petak (15 ton/ha), 4 kg/petak (20 ton/ha). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi MOL daun kelor terdiri dari Kontrol, 200 ml/L atau 20%, 300 ml/L atau 30%, dan 400 ml/L atau 40%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa interaksi dosis pupuk kandang ayam dan konsentrasi MOL daun kelor tidak berpengaruh nyata pada semua parameter pengamatan, tetapi ada kecendrungan bahwa hasil umbi bawang merah per petak lebih tinggi pada perlakuan kombinasi dosis pupuk kandang 3 kg/petak (15 ton/ha) dengan konsentrasi 300 ml/L MOL daun kelor dibandingkan kombinasi perlakuan lainnya.
Respon Pertumbuhan Setek Anggur (Vitis vinifera L.) Terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Kandang Sapi dan Pupuk Organik Cair
Authors: Sutopo Izma 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui respon setek tanaman anggur terhadap pemberian beberapa konsentrasi pupuk kandang sapi dan juga mengetahui respon pertumbuhan setek tanaman anggur terhadap pemberian beberapa kosentrasi pupuk organik cair herbafarm. Penelitian ini merupakan percobaan polibag dengan rancangan perlakuan factorial 3 x 3, disusun dalam rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian pupuk kandang sapi (S) yang terdiri atas 3 macam yaitu: S1 = Pupuk kandang sapi 20 ton/ha-1 (50 gr/polibag), S2 = Pupuk kandang sapi 40 ton/ha-1 (100 gr/polibag), S3 = Pupuk kandang sapi 60 ton/ha-1 (150 gr/polibag). Faktor kedua adalah pemberian pupuk organik cair Herbafarm (H) meliputi: H1 = Kosentrasi Herbafarm 5 ml/liter air, H2 = Konsentrasi Herbafarm 10 ml/liter air, H3 = Konsentrasi Herbafarm 15 ml/liter air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kombinasi pemberian pupuk kandang sapi 20 ton/ha-1 (50 gr/polibag) dengan pemberian pupuk organic cair 5 ml/liter air (H1S1) memberikan hasil tertinggi pada panjang tunas. Sedangkan pada analisis jumlah daun kombinasi pemberian pupuk kandang sapi 60 ton/ha-1 (150 gr/polibag) dengan pemberian pupuk organic cair herbafarm 15 ml/liter air (H3S3).
Sektor Potensial yang Menunjang Perekonomian Kota Palu
Authors: Rappa Vera Yanti , Christoporus Christoporus , Rauf Rustam Abd. 
Published: May 2023

Pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu daerah tidak terlepas dari peran sektor-sektor ekonomi yang ada di daerah tersebut. Salah satu sektor yang menjadi prioritas pembangunan adalah sektor pertanian. Hal ini karena sektor pertanian mempunyai peran secara langsung sebagai penyedia pangan masyarakat dan modal bagi pengembangan sektor lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sektor perekonomian yang berpotensi serta mengetahui sejauh mana sektor pertanian khususnya komoditi pangan di Kota Palu. Alat analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Analisis Tipologi Klassen, Analisis Deskiptif dan Analisis SWOT untuk melihat apakah sektor pertanian khususnya komoditi pangan masih dapat dipertahankan. Hasil penelitian menggunakan Analisis Tipologi Klassen menunjukan sektor transportasi dan pergudangan merupakan sektor maju dan tumbuh dengan pesat karena berada pada kuadran I. Adapun Sektor pertanian, kehutanan, dan perikanan, sektor pertambangan dan penggalian, serta sektor industri pengolahan merupakan sektor relative tertinggal. Hal yang menyebabkan sektor pertanian menjadi sektor relative tertinggal antara lain menurunnya luas panen, produksi dan produktivitas komoditi yang diakibatkan oleh permasalahan seperti konversi lahan pertanian, tingkat serangan hama/penyakit yang tinggi, sistem tata niaga yang belum tertata dengan baik dan bencana alam yang terjadi pada akhir tahun 2018. Namun meskipun demikian sektor pertanian (subsektor tanaman pangan, hortikultura, perkebunan dan perikanan) masih berpotensi untuk dikembangkan. Alternatif strategi untuk mempertahankan sektor pertanian khususnya komoditi pangan adalah (1) peningkatan produksi dan produktivitas pangan dan (2) penguatan kelembagaan bagi GAPOKTAN.