bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Success rate of the treatment of early childhood caries under general anesthesia: A retrospective cohort study in different periods
Authors: Zhang Baize , Wang Junhui , Han Xinxin , Fang Ruohao , Wang Zirui , Hui Zeming , Chen Yujiang , Liu Jiajia , Wang Xiaojing 
Published: March 2023

InstructionThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the three-year success rate of the treatment for early childhood caries (ECC) under general anesthesia in different periods (2011 and 2018).MethodsChildren (&lt;6 years old) who had severe caries and were treated under general anesthesia in 2011 and 2018 were selected and followed up by telephone appointment and clinical examination. Success rate of each treatment was determined and possible factors associated with treatment failure were evaluated.ResultsThere were 153 patients (with an average age of 48.55 ± 13.37 months) and a total of 2,018 teeth included in the 2011 group. In the 2018 group, there were 273 patients with an average age of 49.01 ± 12.42 months and a total of 3,796 teeth. The success rate in the 2011 group was significantly lower than that in the 2018 group. Teeth with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-capped pulp survived significantly longer than those with calcium hydroxide-capped pulp. The utilization rate of preformed crown restoration was higher than that of resin restoration, and the survival time of dental restorations with preformed crown was prolonged. For posterior teeth, the success rate of indirect pulp capping and pulpotomy was also significantly higher than those without preformed crowns.DiscussionGeneral anesthesia is a safe and effective behavioral management method for uncooperative children's dental treatment. The use of biocompatible pulp capping materials and preformed crowns improved the success rate of treatment and prolonged the survival time of affected teeth.
Transplacental passage of hyperforin, hypericin, and valerenic acid
Authors: Spiess Deborah , Abegg Vanessa Fabienne , Chauveau Antoine , Rath Joshua , Treyer Andrea , Reinehr Michael , Kuoni Sabrina , Oufir Mouhssin , Potterat Olivier , Hamburger Matthias , Simões-Wüst Ana Paula 
Published: March 2023

Safe medications for mild mental diseases in pregnancy are needed. Phytomedicines from St. John’s wort and valerian are valid candidates, but safety data in pregnancy are lacking. The transplacental transport of hyperforin and hypericin (from St. John’s wort), and valerenic acid (from valerian) was evaluated using the ex vivo cotyledon perfusion model (4 h perfusions, term placentae) and, in part, the in vitro Transwell assay with BeWo b30 cells. Antipyrine was used for comparison in both models. U(H)PLC-MS/MS bioanalytical methods were developed to quantify the compounds. Perfusion data obtained with term placentae showed that only minor amounts of hyperforin passed into the fetal circuit, while hypericin did not cross the placental barrier and valerenic acid equilibrated between the maternal and fetal compartments. None of the investigated compounds affected metabolic, functional, and histopathological parameters of the placenta during the perfusion experiments. Data from the Transwell model suggested that valerenic acid does not cross the placental cell layer. Taken together, our data suggest that throughout the pregnancy the potential fetal exposure to hypericin and hyperforin – but not to valerenic acid – is likely to be minimal.
Semi-supervised-based automatic modulation classification with domain adaptation for wireless IoT spectrum monitoring
Authors: Zhou Quan , Zhang Ronghui , Jing Zexuan , Jing Xiaojun 
Published: March 2023

Dramatic advances in wireless networks have led to the Smart IoT, which may enable new modes of information transfer. Generally, data-driven advanced artificial intelligence (AI) techniques can be used in smart IoT networks, which prones to a lot of unexpected challenges. Enabling efficient management of spectrum resources based on cognitive radio is considered to be an effective means to address the limited spectrum resources. As a key technology in CR, automatic modulation recognition (AMR) is developing towards intelligence with deep learning as the main approach. Deep learning (DL) has been widely applied to AMR for possible improvement of recognition accuracy, while the superb performance highly depends on high-quality and well-labeled datasets. Consequently, these requirements prone to poor performance in the environments where the datasets are not well-labeled. Motivated by this, domain adaptation is considered for AMR in this paper, and a novel network architecture is proposed therein, termed semi-supervised automatic modulation recognition (SemiAMR). Specifically, source domain high SNR data are mapped by the source encoder to the classification domain and classified by the classifier, where the source data with labels enable this training process. Next, the discriminator and the target domain encoder are trained by determining whether the data is from the target or source domain. Finally, the target domain encoder and classifier are combined and are used to infer the data labels of the target domain. Experimental results state that the accuracy of proposed SemiAMR achieves 1\% to 27\% improvements when compared with classical schemes under the target domain condition where there is no corresponding labeled data and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) varies from −20 dB to −4 dB.
Comprehensive evolutionary analysis of growth-regulating factor gene family revealing the potential molecular basis under multiple hormonal stress in Gramineae crops
Authors: Wang Wei , Cheng Mingxing , Wei Xiao , Wang Ruihua , Fan Fengfeng , Wang Zhikai , Tian Zhihong , Li Shaoqing , Yuan Huanran 
Published: March 2023

Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) are plant-specific transcription factors that contain two highly conserved QLQ and WRC domains, which control a range of biological functions, including leaf growth, floral organ development, and phytohormone signaling. However, knowledge of the evolutionary patterns and driving forces of GRFs in Gramineae crops is limited and poorly characterized. In this study, a total of 96 GRFs were identified from eight crops of Brachypodium distachyon, Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica, Oryza rufipogon, Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica, Setaria italic, Sorghum bicolor and Zea mays. Based on their protein sequences, the GRFs were classified into three groups. Evolutionary analysis indicated that the whole-genome or segmental duplication plays an essential role in the GRFs expansion, and the GRFs were negatively selected during the evolution of Gramineae crops. The GRFs protein function as transcriptional activators with distinctive structural motifs in different groups. In addition, the expression of GRFs was induced under multiple hormonal stress, including IAA, BR, GA3, 6BA, ABA, and MeJ treatments. Specifically, OjGRF11 was significantly induced by IAA at 6 h after phytohormone treatment. Transgenic experiments showed that roots overexpressing OjGRF11 were more sensitive to IAA and affect root elongation. This study will broaden our insights into the origin and evolution of the GRF family in Gramineae crops and will facilitate further research on GRF function.
Measuring attentional bias in smokers during and after psychosocial stress induction with a Trier Social Stress Test in virtual reality via eye tracking
Authors: Schröder Benedikt , Mühlberger Andreas 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionAttentional bias (AB) is considered an important factor not only in the etiology of addiction, but also with respect to relapse. However, evidence for the predictive ability of AB for relapse is not robust. One reason for this might be fluctuations of AB due to stress. Therefore, the current study investigated whether AB was present during and after stress induction and whether AB was enhanced by stress induction.MethodsA Virtual Reality (VR) adaptation of the Trier Social Stress Test (VR-TSST) was used to induce psychosocial stress in smokers (n = 34) and non-smokers (n = 37) followed by a novel free-viewing task in VR. Eye tracking data was recorded to examine gaze behavior to smoking-related and neutral stimuli presented in the VR-TSST and the free-viewing task.ResultsStress ratings increased significantly from baseline to post VR-TSST in smokers and non-smokers. During the VR-TSST we observed, more frequent, longer, and earlier fixations on smoke-related compared with neutral stimuli without significant group differences. However, in the free-viewing task following the stress induction, a specific AB of smokers in terms of earlier and longer fixations on smoke stimuli was found.ConclusionResults indicate that AB is not a persistent trait in smokers, but is context dependent. It is suggested that emotional learning processes such as smoking in the context of relief after stress may contribute to changes of AB both in terms of increased initial attention and deeper stimulus processing. Additionally, the potential of the VR-TSST to induce psychosocial stress could be replicated.
Carbon nanotubes and silver nanoparticles modification of PVDF membranes for improved seawater desalination in direct contact membrane distillation
Authors: Mpala Tshepiso J. , Richards Heidi , Etale Anita , Mahlangu Oranso T. , Nthunya Lebea N. 
Published: March 2023

Membrane distillation (MD) has emerged as a novel technology capable of recovering fresh water from brackish, saline, and wastewater. However, its industrial application is limited to various challenges including membrane properties. In this work, the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes were modified to improve their performance towards desalination of simulated seawater particularly, acid treated carbon nanotubes (f-CNTs) and cellulose nanocrystals-capped silver nanoparticles (CNC-AgNPs) were incorporated into the PVDF matrix prior to casting. Simulated seawater (33.59 g/L) was used as the feed during DCMD tests. The modified membrane displayed improved tensile strength, surface roughness, and hydrophobicity. Interestingly, minimal leaching of AgNPs (0.378 ± 0.0628 ppm) was recorded within 72 h. Although water flux (0.179 ± 0.0303 kg/m2/hr) remained relatively low, salt rejection (99.8%) improved upon incorporation of NPs. This provides a one-step solution towards better performance in MD for recovery of freshwater from high saline seawater.
Comparative Analysis of Powdery Mildew Disease Resistance and Susceptibility in Brassica Coenospecies
Authors: Mir Zahoor Ahmad , Ali Sajad , Tyagi Anshika , Yadav Prashant , Chandrashekar N , El-Sheikh Mohamed A. , Alansi Saleh , Grover Anita 
Published: March 2023

Erysiphe cruciferarum, a causative agent of powdery mildew disease, has emerged as a serious threat in Brassica juncea and its closely related species. To date, no resistant cultivars have been identified in Brassica species against powdery mildew. Here, we used histopathological, biochemical, and molecular approaches to elucidate the powdery mildew disease progression and host responses in three Brassica cenospecies, namely B. juncea, Camelina sativa, and Sinapis alba. Based on the results of disease progression, S. alba was found to be extremely resistant to powdery mildew infection, whereas B. juncea and C. sativa were highly vulnerable. In addition, the disease spread rate to uninfected parts was comparatively higher in B. juncea and C. sativa. Histopathological results revealed more pathogen-induced cell death in B. juncea and C. sativa compared to S. alba. We also examined the role of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in B. juncea, C. sativa, and S. alba after powdery mildew infection. Based on our findings, the enzyme activity of SOD, POD, and CAT was relatively higher in S. alba then that of B. juncea and C. sativa after powdery mildew infection. Furthermore, we evaluated the expression levels of salicylic acid (SA) signature genes, including pathogenesis-related protein viz., PR1, PR2, and PR5 in B. juncea, C. sativa, and S. alba after E. cruciferarum infection. Based on our findings, the expression levels of SA marker genes PR1, PR2, and PR5 increased in all three species after infection. However, the fold change was relatively higher in S. alba than in B. juncea and C. sativa. In future, further studies are required to identify the potential candidates in S. alba that are involved in powdery mildew disease resistance.
Comparative Analysis of Antioxidant System and Salt-Stress Tolerance in Two Hibiscus Cultivars Exposed to NaCl Toxicity
Authors: Lu Wenjing , Zhao Ye , Liu Jinying , Zhou Bowen , Wei Guoqing , Ni Ruiqiang , Zhang Shuyong , Guo Jing 
Published: March 2023

Hibiscus (Hibiscus syriacus L.) is known as a horticultural plant of great ornamental and medicinal value. However, the effect of NaCl stress on hibiscus seedlings is unclear. Little is known about H. syriacus ‘Duede Brabaul’ (DB) and H. syriacus ‘Blueberry Smoothie’ (BS). Here, the effects of solutions with different concentrations of NaCl on the organic osmolytes, ion accumulation, and antioxidant enzyme activity of hibiscus seedling leaves were determined. The results showed that the Na+/K+ ratio was imbalanced with increasing NaCl concentration, especially in BS (range 34% to 121%), which was more sensitive than DB (range 32% to 187%) under NaCl concentrations of 50 to 200 mM. To cope with the osmotic stress, the content of organic osmolytes increased significantly. Additionally, NaCl stress caused a large increase in O2·− and H2O2, and other reactive oxygen species (ROS), and antioxidant enzyme activity was significantly increased to remove excess ROS. The expression level of genes related to salt tolerance was significantly higher in DB than that in BS under different NaCl concentrations. Taken together, DB possessed a stronger tolerance to salt stress and the results suggest membrane stability, Na+/K+, H2O2, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase as salt tolerance biomarkers that can be used for gene transformation and breeding in future hibiscus research.
Invasion of a Horticultural Plant into Forests: Lamium galeobdolon argentatum Affects Native Above-Ground Vegetation and Soil Properties
Authors: Rusterholz Hans-Peter , Huber Katharina , Baur Bruno 
Published: March 2023

Horticultural trade is considered the most important pathway for the introduction of non-native plant species. Numerous horticultural plants are spreading from private gardens and public green space into natural habitats and have the potential to alter native biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. We assessed the invasiveness of the horticultural plant Lamium galeobdolon subsp. argentatum. We documented its spread in semi-natural habitats in the surroundings of Basel, Switzerland, over the past decades. We compared the performance of L. g. argentatum with that of the native subspecies Lamium galeobdolon galeobdolon based on surveys in forests and a pot experiment under standardized conditions. We also assessed whether the two subspecies differentially affect native forest vegetation and various physical, chemical and biological soil properties. The horticultural L. g. argentatum has tripled its occurrence in forests in the region of Basel in the last four decades. Lamium g. argentatum had both a higher growth rate and regeneration capacity than the native subspecies. Furthermore, L. g. argentatum reduced native plant species richness and changed the species composition of the ground vegetation, in addition to altering several soil properties in deciduous forests. Lamium g. argentatum should therefore be considered an invasive taxon.
السخرية في شعر ابن شهيد
Authors: زادة جواد سعدون 
Published: March 2023

هدفنا في هذا المقال ذكر أحد شعراء السخرية في العصر الأندلسي وهو ابن شهيد . فالسخرية فنٌ مريح ومفرح ويقلل أحزان الإنسان وآلامه لهذا بدأنا بحثنا بتعريف السخرية لغةً واصطلاحاً وعرفّنا حياة الشاعر ومن خلال دراسة حياته ذكرنا الأوضاع السياسية والاجتماعية والطبيعية في الأندلس ثمّ تطرقنا للسخرية في أشعار ابن شهيد وفي الخاتمة أتينا بالنتائج التي حصلنا عليها خلال البحث.
Pengaruh Layanan Mobile Banking Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah di Bank BNI Syariah Kantor Cabang Pembantu (KCP) Pagar Alam
Authors: Anggriani Siska , Maryanto M. Agus 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh fitur layanan mobile banking terhadap kepuasan nasabah di Bank BNI Syariah Kantor Cabang Pembantu (KCP) Pagar Alam. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis kuantitatif. Penentuan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan slovin, dari hasil perhitungan jumlah sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 67 orang yang menggunakan fitur layanan mobile banking. Hasil Uji F menunjukkan bahwa variabel kecepatan, keamanan, akurasi dan kepercayaan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan nasabah di Bank BNI Syari’ah Kantor Cabang Pembantu (KCP) Pagar Alam dengan nilai signifikan 0,000. Dilihat dari uji t, variabel yang mempengaruhi kepuasan nasabah secara seignifikan yaitu variabel kecepatan dengan nilai sig 0,026, variabel keamanan dengan nilai sig 0,000, variabel akurasi dengan nilai sig 0,002, variable kepercayaan dengan nilai sig 0,000. Dari hasil ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara individual ke empat variabel tersebut dinyatakan berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kepuasan nasabah Bank BNI Syariah KCP Pagar Alam.
Pengaruh Dukungan Organisasi dan Karakteristik Pekerjaan Terhadap Komitmen Organisasi dengan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Sugeng Sugeng , Niswah Uswatun 
Published: March 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya (1) pengaruh dukungan organisasi terhadap komitmen organisasi, (2) pengaruh karakteristik pekerjaan dan (3) untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepuasan kerja sebagai mediasi bagi dukungan organisasi dan karakteristik pekerjaan terhadap komitmen organisai. Populasi sejumlah 350 pegawai UIN Walisongo Semarang dengan sampel 78 orang. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, metode analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dan menggunakan path analysis dengan SPSS for Windows versi 2.60. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa dukungan organisasi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja dengan nilai koefisien sebesar β1 0.430 nilai t = 5,775, p = 0,000. Karakteristik pekerjaan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja dengan nilai koefisien sebesar β2 0.535 nilai t = 7.178, p = 0,000. Selanjutnya dukungan organisasi berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasi dengan nilai koefisien sebesar β3 0.603 nilai t = 6,587, p = 0,000, Karakteristik pekerjaan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasi dengan nilai koefisien sebesar β4 sebesar 0.519 nilai t = 6,379, p = 0,000, kepuasan kerja berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap komitmen organisasi dengan nilai koefisien sebesar β5 0.645 nilai t = 7,367, p = 0,000. Kesimpulan penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa adanya pengaruh yang siginifikan dukungan organisasi, karakteristik pekerjaan terhadap kepuasan kerja maupun terhadap komitmen organisasi dan kepuasan kerja tidak mampu memediasi dukungan organisasi dan karakteristik pekerjaan terhadap komitmen organisasi.
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Chapitres et société en Révolution
Authors: Hou François 
Published: March 2023

Rupture brutale dans la vie des chapitres français, la Constitution civile du clergé du 12 juillet 1790 marque souvent le terme des études consacrées à l’histoire de l’ordo canonicus. L’ouvrage se propose au contraire d’examiner la reconstitution concordataire des chapitres de cathédrales jusqu’à l’extinction de l’ancien clergé au milieu du XIXe siècle. En effet, l’étude du clergé intermédiaire que forment les chapitres de chanoines permet de mieux saisir les évolutions de la société cléricale de la fin du système bénéficial d’Ancien Régime à l’âge des notables. Héritier du presbytère antique et sénat de l’Église diocésaine, investi de la juridiction épiscopale pendant la vacance du siège, le chapitre cathédral est un lieu ecclésiologique qui permet d’étudier les rapports entre évêques et prêtres, entre Église locale et Église universelle, tandis que les chanoines du Concordat continuent, malgré leur subordination à l’autorité épiscopale, à former une élite intermédiaire intégrée à un nouveau régime de notabilité cléricale.
High Bacillary Burden and the ESX-1 Type VII Secretion System Promote MHC Class I Presentation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis–Infected Macrophages to CD8 T Cells
Authors: Mott Daniel , Yang Jason , Baer Christina , Papavinasasundaram Kadamba , Sassetti Christopher M , Behar Samuel M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We used a mouse model to study how Mycobacterium tuberculosis subverts host defenses to persist in macrophages despite immune pressure. CD4 T cells can recognize macrophages infected with a single bacillus in vitro. Under identical conditions, CD8 T cells inefficiently recognize infected macrophages and fail to restrict M. tuberculosis growth, although they can inhibit M. tuberculosis growth during high-burden intracellular infection. We show that high intracellular M. tuberculosis numbers cause macrophage death, leading other macrophages to scavenge cellular debris and cross-present the TB10.4 Ag to CD8 T cells. Presentation by infected macrophages requires M. tuberculosis to have a functional ESX-1 type VII secretion system. These data indicate that phagosomal membrane damage and cell death promote MHC class I presentation of the immunodominant Ag TB10.4 by macrophages. Although this mode of Ag presentation stimulates cytokine production that we presume would be host beneficial, killing of uninfected cells could worsen immunopathology. We suggest that shifting the focus of CD8 T cell recognition to uninfected macrophages would limit the interaction of CD8 T cells with infected macrophages and impair CD8 T cell–mediated resolution of tuberculosis.
A single center, retrospective analysis of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection repair early outcome at a tertiary care center in India
Authors: Tailor Kamlesh B , Dharmani Khushboo H , Kadam Shankar V , Kattana Hari Bipin R , Rao Suresh G 
Published: March 2023

Context:
In recent years, increasing awareness and early detection has made total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) a relatively common congenital heart condition presenting to children’s heart centers in India. The condition was associated with significant morbidity and mortality in the past due to various reasons. Improvement in perioperative management has markedly changed the outcomes of TAPVC even in a developing country.

Material and Methods:
All patients with TAPVC operated between June 2013 and February 2018 at our center were included in the study. Post repair 30-days mortality and morbidity were analyzed.

Results:
A total of 166 patients were divided into supracardiac (91), infracardiac (45), cardiac (18), and mixed type (12). It also divided our cohort into obstructed and unobstructed types. The duration of inotrope usage in the obstructed group was significantly higher compared to the unobstructed group. Statistically, significant difference was noticed for the duration of ventilation 85.17 ± 80.94 h in obstructed type versus 49.23 ± 60.7 h in the unobstructed group, and in ICU stay (days) in obstructed (9.64 ± 5.96) and unobstructed group (6.29 ± 5.12). The morbidity parameters such as duration of an inotrope, ventilation, and length of ICU stay had a negative correlation between body surface area (BSA) of the patient but no correlation in respect to duration of CPB and ACC time. Mortality was found to be higher in lower BSA, infracardiac type (7/9), and obstructed variants of TAPVC (9/9) patients.

Conclusions:
Longer duration of inotrope usage, mechanical ventilation, and ICU stay were seen in obstructed TAPVC in comparison to unobstructed TAPVC patients. Duration of CPB or aortic cross-clamp had no effects on morbidity parameters. In our cohort of TAPVC patients, lower BSA was strongly associated with the longer requirement of inotropes, prolong ventilation time, and ICU stay. The risk factors for mortality in our study include lower BSA, infracardiac, and obstructed type of TAPVC.