bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Divergent Temporal Trends of Mercury in Arctic Char from Paired Lakes Influenced by Climate-Related Drivers
Authors: Burke Samantha , Muir Derek C. G. , Kirk Jane , Barst Benjamin D. , Iqaluk Debbie , Wang Xiaowa , Pope Mike , Lamoureux Scott F. , Lafrenière Melissa J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Climate-driven changes including rising air temperatures, enhanced permafrost degradation, and altered precipitation patterns can have profound effects on contaminants, such as mercury (Hg), in High Arctic lakes. Two physically similar lakes, East Lake and West Lake at the Cape Bounty Arctic Watershed Observatory on Melville Island, Nunavut, Canada are being affected by climate change differently. Both lakes have experienced permafrost degradation in their catchments; however, West Lake has also undergone multiple underwater Mass Movement Events (MMEs; beginning in fall 2008), leading to a sustained 50-fold increase in turbidity. This provided the unique opportunity to understand the potential impacts of permafrost degradation and other climate-related effects on Hg concentrations and body condition of landlocked Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), an important sentinel species across the Circum-Arctic. Our objectives were to assess temporal trends in char Hg concentrations and to determine potential mechanisms driving the trends. There was a significant decrease in Hg concentrations in East Lake char, averaging 6.5%/year and 3.8%/year for length-adjusted and age-adjusted means, respectively, from 2008 to 2019. Conversely, in West Lake there was a significant increase, averaging 7.9%/year and 8.0%/year for length-adjusted and age-adjusted mean Hg concentrations, respectively, for 2009 to 2017 (the last year with sufficient sample size). The best predictors of length-adjusted Hg concentrations in West Lake were carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios, indicating a shift in diet including possible dietary starvation brought on by the profound increase in lake turbidity. Our study provides an example of how increasing lake turbidity, a likely consequence of climate warming in Arctic lakes, may influence fish condition and Hg concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2712–2725. © 2023 His Majesty the King in Right of Canada and The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. Reproduced with the permission of the Minister of Environment and Climate Change Canada.
Comparison of the dentin tubule penetration of AH Plus, WellRoot ST, and MTA BioSeal after obturation, retreatment, and re‐shaping of the root canals
Authors: Uysal Betül Aycan , Arıcan Burçin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt was aimed to compare the dentine tubule penetration of AH Plus, MTA Bioseal, and WellRoot ST after filling, retreating, and reshaping the root canals by using a novel microscopic method. Seventy‐five mandibular incisors with single root canals were shaped with Protaper Next system (PTN; X2‐25/0.06) The teeth were obturated with AH Plus labeled with Rhodamin B and MTA Bioseal or WellRoot ST sealer which were labeled with Fluo‐3. Then the root canal fillings were removed with Protaper Universal Retreatment files. At the last stage, the teeth were reshaped with PTN (X3‐30/0.07). The samples were transversally sectioned and examined using a Cytation 5 reader and Gen5 software regarding the mean and the maximum depth of sealer penetration. No significant difference was observed between the groups, except for the 6 mm level after reshaping the root canals (p < .05). It is not possible to completely remove the sealer remnants from the dentin walls even after reshaping the root canals.Research Highlights
Even after reshaping the root canals in the retreatment procedure, it is not possible to completely remove the filling residues of the epoxy‐resin‐based, calcium‐silicate‐based and MTA‐based endodontic pastes from the dentin walls.
Hyaluronic acid: An overlooked extracellular vesicle contaminant
Authors: Goncalves Jenifer P. , Ghebosu Raluca E. , Tan Xuan Ning Sharon , Iannotta Dalila , Koifman Na'ama , Wolfram Joy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe variable presence of contaminants in extracellular vesicle (EV) samples is one of the major contributors to a lack of inter‐study reproducibility in the field. Well‐known contaminants include protein aggregates, RNA‐protein complexes and lipoproteins, which resemble EVs in shape, size and/or density. On the contrary, polysaccharides, such as hyaluronic acid (HA), have been overlooked as EV contaminants. Here, it is shown that low and medium molecular weight HA polymers are unexpectedly retained to some extent in EV fractions using two common isolation methods known for high purity: size‐exclusion chromatography and tangential flow filtration. Although these isolation techniques are capable of efficient removal of non‐EV‐associated proteins, this is not the case for HA polymers, which are partially retained in a molecular weight‐dependent manner, especially with size‐exclusion chromatography. The supramolecular structure and hydrodynamic size of HA are likely to contribute to isolation in EV fractions of filtration‐based approaches. Conversely, HA polymers were not retained with ultracentrifugation and polymer‐based precipitation methods, which are known for co‐isolating other types of contaminants. HA has a broad range of immunomodulatory effects, similar to those ascribed to various sources of EVs. Therefore, HA contaminants should be considered in future studies to avoid potential inaccurate attributions of functional effects to EVs.
Unlocking ultimate precision of intensity and area ratio measurements in Raman spectroscopy: Insights from simulation, experimentation, and theory and implications for isotope ratio analysis
Authors: Hagiwara Yuuki , Yokokura Lena , Yamamoto Junji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe intensity ratio (αI) and area ratio (αA) obtained using Raman spectroscopy are used widely to characterize the physical properties of gases, fluids, and solids, but the underlying parameters which affect their precision (
and
) have not been elucidated. We use simulations, experiments, and theoretical analyses to investigate the effects of instrumental performance, analytical conditions, and sample size on
and
. We identified the parameters which strongly influence
: (1) the weaker peak intensity Iw; (2) the ratio of the bandwidth to pixel resolution of the weaker peak Γw/Δxw; (3) the degree of detector saturation; (4)
with readout noise σR, dark noise σD, and shot noise σS; (5) drift; and (6) sample size. Theoretical and simulation results show that, when Γw/Δxw ≪ (Γs/Δxs)/αI, increasing Iw or Γw/Δxw by n times can improve
by a factor of
. Results showed that
is a measure of how much the achievable
in the experiment differs from that under ideal analytical conditions (i.e.,
). When
is not the case (i.e., when Iw is low), reducing σD or σR by decreasing the readout speed, setting a lower charge coupled device (CCD) sensitivity, reducing number of readouts, or narrowing vertical binning width can improve
. We demonstrated that evaluations of
or
based on small sample sizes can engender physically unattainable precision. When the sample size is n = 5, 10, or 20, the average uncertainties of
and
correspond, respectively, to approximately 30%, 20%, and 15%. Giving an accurate and comparable assessment for
and
necessitates the reporting of intensity (in units of electrons), bandwidth, Δx, and the sample size.
Foam in grinding and role of ground mineral in its stability
Authors: El‐Midany A. A. , Farag R. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSurfactants are usually used as grinding aids. However, surfactant foaming during the grinding process is rarely mentioned in the literature with no clarification of its effect on the grinding process. In this paper, the generation of foam during the grinding of talc and quartz, as two different minerals in their hardness and hydrophobicity, was observed in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS). The effect of generated foam on the fineness of ground product under different grinding conditions such as solids%, grinding time, and pulp pH was investigated. The results indicated that the foam was formed during the grinding of both minerals. The foam volume depends not only on the presence of surfactant but also on the characteristics of the mineral along with grinding conditions. The foam was intense and more stable particularly at pH 10 and high solid content (i.e., 60% solids) in the case of talc due to its fineness and hydrophobicity that result in bubbles stabilization. Remarkably, there is no foam at acidic pH due to the high ionic strength that leads to bubble instability. Most importantly, the presence of surfactant foams improves the size reduction process by providing more dispersion of particles, as one of the grinding aid mechanisms, due to particle‐particle and particle‐SDS repulsive electrostatic forces.
Deep eutectic solvent‐based modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction combined with solidification of floating organic droplet‐dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction of some pesticides from canola oil followed by gas chromatography analysis
Authors: Arvanaghi Mona , Javadi Afshin , Afshar Mogaddam Mohammad Reza 
Published: September 2023

Herein, a modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe extraction was developed based on deep eutectic solvent for the extraction of several pesticides from canola oil samples. In this work, first, different sorbents were selected to remove the sample interferences, and the composition of the sorbents was optimized by simplex centroid design. The extracted analytes were more concentrated by solidification of floating deep eutectic solvent droplet‐dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction. Low limits of detection (0.15–0.23 ng/g) and quantification (0.49–0.76 ng/g), high extraction recoveries (74–87%) and enrichment factors (224–263), and good repeatability (relative standard deviation equal to or less than 5.1 and 4.7% for intra‐ and interday precisions, respectively) were achieved using the proposed method. The suggested approach was used for the quantification of the analytes in different canola oil samples. Additionally, the effects of microwave irradiations exposure and sonication in decontamination of the samples were evaluated. In this method, there was no need for centrifugation and toxic solvents. Also, effective extraction of the analytes and minimizing interferences were achieved through the use of various sorbents.
Incorporation of Cell‐Adhesive Proteins in 3D‐Printed Lipoic Acid‐Maleic Acid‐Poly(Propylene Glycol)‐Based Tough Gel Ink for Cell‐Supportive Microenvironment
Authors: Tran Hao Nguyen , Kim In Gul , Kim Jong Heon , Bhattacharyya Amitava , Chung Eun‐Jae , Noh Insup 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn extrusion‐based 3D printing, the use of synthetic polymeric hydrogels can facilitate fabrication of cellularized and implanted scaffolds with sufficient mechanical properties to maintain the structural integrity and physical stress within the in vivo conditions. However, synthetic hydrogels face challenges due to their poor properties of cellular adhesion, bioactivity, and biofunctionality. New compositions of hydrogel inks have been designed to address this limitation. A viscous poly(maleate‐propylene oxide)‐lipoate‐poly(ethylene oxide) (MPLE) hydrogel is recently developed that shows high‐resolution printability, drug‐controlled release, excellent mechanical properties with adhesiveness, and biocompatibility. In this study, the authors demonstrate that the incorporation of cell‐adhesive proteins like gelatin and albumin within the MPLE gel allows printing of biologically functional 3D scaffolds with rapid cell spreading (within 7 days) and high cell proliferation (twofold increase) as compared with MPLE gel only. Addition of proteins (10% w/v) supports the formation of interconnected cell clusters (≈1.6‐fold increase in cell areas after 7‐day) and spreading of cells in the printed scaffolds without additional growth factors. In in vivo studies, the protein‐loaded scaffolds showed excellent biocompatibility and increased angiogenesis without inflammatory response after 4‐week implantation in mice, thus demonstrating the promise to contribute to the printable tough hydrogel inks for tissue engineering.
Effect of substrates on the chemical characteristics and evolving structures of an organic superhydrophobic coating
Authors: Baruwa A. D. , Makhatha M. E. , Akinlabi E. T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile recent research has used organic coatings to replace chromium‐based coatings, the ability of a coating material to repeat its chemical properties on different substrates is still under investigation. The Repellix superhydrophobic compound was developed and deposited on three different substrates using the atomic layer deposition method under the same condition. The films were characterized using the scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, water contact angle, attenuated Fourier transform infrared, and x‐ray diffractometer. The surface morphology revealed that microstructural evolutions and topologies are different. The roughness of the coating deposited on stainless steel is the highest at 38.39 nanometers, while mild steel substrate showed the least surface roughness at 28.66 nanometers. From observations, the roughness also contributed to the degree of superhydrophobicity of the films deposited on substrates. The multiple hydroxyl functional groups observed in the Fourier transform spectroscopy in the range 3200 cm−1 to 4000 cm−1 would aid the adhesion of deposited films to the substrates. The x‐ray diffraction results showed that all substrates had chemical stability, and the Repellix compound is amorphous on all substrates. Stainless steel showed to be the most robust among the substrates considered.
Application of central composite design for optimization of bio‐oil production using peat moss
Authors: Jason O. , Chua H. S. , Rajendran N. R. , Bashir M. J. K , Goh T. T. , Ashraf R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMost nations have concentrated on reducing greenhouse gas emissions since global warming is such a serious problem. Due to land use changes, the harvesting of peat for use as fuel in homes, and the gardening industry, peat moss from peat bogs or peat fields may cause smoldering fires and release quantities of carbon dioxide. Bio‐fuel is one of the alternative renewable sources created from organic materials. Pyrolysis, a thermochemical process that converts organic materials into substitutes for fossil fuels and used to create biofuel because it is readily available, straightforward, and inexpensive to implement. The feedstock utilized in this experiment was peat moss. Proximate and ultimate analyses were performed using thermogravimetric analysis and elemental analyzer to determine thermal breakdown and elemental characteristics. Pyrolysis was carried out in this work using a prototype lab scale fixed‐bed pyrolysis. Based on prior study, the parameters used are pyrolysis temperature, nitrogen flow rate and reaction time to create the central composite design model. According to the analysis of variance results, pyrolysis temperature and flow rate were significant, however reaction time was not. The effect of flow rate and reaction time on response was explored. The actual bio‐oil yield achieved utilizing the optimal parameters was 10.02 %. The presence of chemical compounds in bio‐oil was measured.
Statistical in situ scanning electron microscopy investigation on the failure of oxide scales
Authors: Zhou Jin , Chen Yongqing , Ma Yuan , Zhang Xiaoxin , Gong Xing , He Yang , Yan Qingzhi , Qiao Lijie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOxide scales play a pivotal role in obstructing surface chemical and electrochemical reactions, hence hindering chemo‐mechanical effects such as liquid metal embrittlement of steels. Therefore, the critical conditions and failure mechanism of the oxide film are of major interest in the safe service of steels. Though in situ microscopic methods may directly visualize the failure mechanism, they are often challenged by the lack of statistically reliable evaluation of the critical conditions. Here, by combining in situ scanning electron microscopy with a tapered specimen tensile test in a single experiment, we uniquely achieve a mechanistic study with statistically reliable quantification of the critical strains for each step of the dynamic process of film rupture. This is demonstrated with the oxide films formed on a ferrite–martensite steel in liquid lead–bismuth eutectic alloy at elevated temperatures, with in situ results falling right into the predictions of the statistical analysis. Explicitly, the integrated experimental methodology may facilitate the materials genome engineering of steels with superior service performance.
Dorso‐ulnar reverse flow pedicled osseous flap for reconstruction of the distal phalanx of the thumb: A case report
Authors: Tosi Daniele , Patanè Luca , Delle Femmine Pietro Francesco , Ornelli Matteo , Ruocco Giovanni , Felici Nicola 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReconstruction of osseous defects of the distal phalanx of the thumb is usually addressed with free bone grafts or free vascularized bone flaps. Some reports demonstrated the possibility to harvest an osteo‐cutaneous flap in the dorso‐ulnar side of the first metacarpal bone with success. In the same manner, no reports are present in the literature in which bone deficits were reconstructed with this flap elevated as an exclusively osseous flap. We report our successful experience with one case of distal phalanx reconstruction of the thumb by mean of the dorso‐ulnar reverse flow pedicled osseous flap. The patient was a 45‐year‐old woman with symptoms related to a cystic bone tumor that involved the entirety of the distal phalanx of the thumb. Flap dimensions were calculated based on x‐ray gap measures, which resulted in need of 1.5 × 0.8 × 0.5 cm flap dimensions. An osseous flap was harvested and transposed from the ulnar side of the first metacarpal bone. K‐wire fixation was utilized for bone flap stabilization. No complications occurred and excellent functional result was evaluated at 6 months follow‐up. In our opinion, the flap may be considered as an alternative to free bone grafts in situations in which perilesional tissues may jeopardize the process of free graft taking and in cases in which free vascularized bone flaps are not feasible for patient or surgeon decision.
AliNA – a deep learning program for RNA secondary structure prediction
Authors: Nasaev Shamsudin S. , Mukanov Artem R. , Kuznetsov Ivan I. , Veselovsky Alexander V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNowadays there are numerous discovered natural RNA variations participating in different cellular processes and artificial RNA, e. g., aptamers, riboswitches. One of the required tasks in the investigation of their functions and mechanism of influence on cells and interaction with targets is the prediction of RNA secondary structures. The classic thermodynamic‐based prediction algorithms do not consider the specificity of biological folding and deep learning methods that were designed to resolve this issue suffer from homology‐based methods problems. Herein, we present a method for RNA secondary structure prediction based on deep learning – AliNA (ALIgned Nucleic Acids). Our method successfully predicts secondary structures for non‐homologous to train‐data RNA families thanks to usage of the data augmentation techniques. Augmentation extends existing datasets with easily‐accessible simulated data. The proposed method shows a high quality of prediction across different benchmarks including pseudoknots. The method is available on GitHub for free (https://github.com/Arty40m/AliNA).
Differential Gut Microbiota, Dietary Intakes in Constipation Patients with or without Hypertension
Authors: Li Junqi , Ma Guoqing , Xie Jiawen , Xu Kun , Lai Hao , Li Yunfeng , He Yafang , Yu Hang , Liao Xia , Wang Xinyan , Li Zhongxia , Kong Liyun , Mi Baibing , Shen Yuan , Tian Tian , Liu Xin 
Published: September 2023

ScopeDiet and gut microbiota are involved in blood pressure regulations, but few studies have focused on the constipation patients. The study seeks to identify differences in gut microbiota between hypertensive and normotensive subjects in constipation patients, analyzes the relationship between dietary patterns and blood pressure, and explores mediation effects of gut microbiota.Methods and resultsGut microbial genera and dietary information of 186 functional constipation participants are characterized by 16S rRNA sequencing and a food frequency questionnaire. The hypertensive subjects shows lower α‐diversity and β‐diversity of gut microbiota than normotensive (p < 0.05) and 17 differential microbial genera. The dried‐beans intake frequency inversely correlated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure after multivariate adjustment (r = −0.273, p‐FDR < 0.01; r = −0.251, p‐FDR = 0.026, respectively). Logistic regression indicates that the individuals often consumed dried‐beans have a lower hypertension risk than those never consumed [OR = 0.137, 95% CI: (0.022, 0.689), p = 0.022]. A marginal mediating effect of the genus Monoglobus is observed for the association between high‐fiber dietary pattern and hypertension.ConclusionIn patients with functional constipation, hypertension‐related gut microbial differences are identified. Dried‐beans intake is inversely associated with blood pressure, and a genus may potentially mediate the association between high‐fiber dietary pattern and hypertension.
Disparities in Newborn Hearing Screening Outcomes in the United States From 2007 to 2017
Authors: Gutierrez Katie L. , Koyamatsu Ryan , Lahiff Maureen , Jutte Douglas P. , Chan Dylan K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveEstablishing timely language intervention for children who are deaf or hard of hearing is crucial for their cognitive and language development. Newborn hearing screening (NBHS) programs are now commonplace, but disparities in receipt of support may exist. This study seeks to investigate if states with more diverse populations, less educated mothers, fewer resources, and no legislative mandate of screening have lower rates of milestone completion.Study DesignThis is a cross‐sectional study.SettingData describing screening, identification, and intervention rates from individual state NBHS programs were aggregated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2007 to 2017.MethodsRegression models were fitted to assess associations between these outcomes and state demographic and policy variables. Forest plots from meta‐analyses were used to obtain nationwide pooled estimates of the relative risk (RR) of maternal predictors from individual state data.ResultsState averages of maternal education level, age, and race/ethnicity were found to be significantly associated with various outcomes. The presence of program funding and legislative state mandate were associated with multiple improved outcomes. Meta‐analyses identified increased RRs for most outcomes based on maternal education less than high school, age 19 and below, and non‐White race/ethnicity.ConclusionThere is evidence of disparities in access to and timing of screening, identification testing, and intervention by various demographic and policy factors at the state level. More research is needed to further explore these relationships and determine how to address existing disparities in order to provide more equitable care.