Pengaruh Beberapa Varietas dan Jarak Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah ( Allium ascolonicum)
Authors: Amsah Amsah , Marliah Ainun , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak, Bawang merah merupakan komoditas hortikultura yang termasuk golongan sayuran rempah dan sebagai penyedap masakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial. Faktor yang diteliti terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu varietas dan jarak tanam. Faktor pertama varietas yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu varietas Bima Brebes, varietas Batu ijo dan varietas Gayo, sedangkan faktor kedua jarak tanam yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu 20 cm x 10 cm, 20 cm x 15 cm, 20 cm x 20 cm dan 20 cm x 25 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 35 hari setelah tanam dan berat umbi basah per plot, serta tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 7, 14, 21, 28 dan 42 hari setelah tanam, berat basah umbi per rumpun, berat kering umbi per rumpun, berat umbi kering per plot dan potensi hasil per hektar. Pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman umur 35 hari setelah tanam tertinggi terdapat pada varietas Bima Brebes yaitu 34.60 cm. Sedangkan perlakuan jarak tanam berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 hari setelah tanam, jumlah umbi per rumpun, berat basah umbi per rumpun, berat kering umbi per rumpun, berat umbi basah per plot, berat umbi kering per plot, potensi hasil per hektar dan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 42 hari setelah tanam. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah terbaik terdapat pada jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm. Terdapat interaksi yang sangat nyata antara varietas dan jarak tanam terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 21 hari setelah tanam dan bobot umbi basah per plot. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah terbaik terdapat pada kombinasi perlakuan varietas Bima Brebes dengan jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm.Effect of several and plant spacing on the growth and yield of shallots (Allium ascolonicum)Abstract, Shallot is a horticultural commodity which is included in the spice vegetable group and as a food flavoring. This research uses factorial randomized block design (RBD). The factors studied consisted of two factors, namely variety and spacing. The first factor is the variety consisting of 3 levels, namely Bima Brebes, Batu ijo, and Gayo variety, while the second factor is plant spacing consisting of 4 levels, namely 20 cm x 10 cm, 20 cm x 15 cm, 20 cm x 20 cm and 20 cm x 25 cm. The results showed that varieties significantly affected plant height at 35 days after planting and wet tuber weight per plot, and did not significantly affect plant height at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 42 days after planting, tuber wet weight per clump, weight dry bulbs per clump, dry tuber weight per plot and potential yield per hectare. The highest growth of plant age at 35 days after planting was found in the Bima Brebes variety, which was 34.60 cm.However, plant spacing treatment has very significant effect on plant height age 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 days after planting, number of tubers per clump, wet weight of tubers per clump, dry weight of tubers per clump, wet tuber weight per plot, dry tuber weight per plot, yield potential per hectare and no significant effect on plant height 42 days after planting. The best growth and yield of shallots are at a spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm. There was a very real interaction between varieties and planting distance to plant height at 21 days after planting and wet tuber weight per plot. The best growth and yield of shallot plants are found in the combination of Bima Brebes varieties with a spacing of 20 cm x 20 cm.