bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients’ experiences of being touched by their general practitioner: a qualitative study
Authors: Devillers Louise , Subts Amélie , De Bandt David , Druais Pierre-Louis , Gilles de la Londe Julie 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore patients’ experiences and perceptions of touch, as practised by their general practitioner during their medical appointment.DesignQualitative study using grounded theory method, based on individual interviews. Data collection and analysis occurred iteratively; themes were identified using constant comparison.SettingRecruitment among general practitioners’ private practices and health centres in Ile-de-France.ParticipantsTwenty-one patients aged 19–88 years old, interviewed between June 2018 and May 2019.ResultsPhysical examination was described as a ritual enabling the establishment of patients’ and doctors’ roles, the verification of the doctor’s skills and the construction of a caring experience. Touch was also a media for the doctor to exercise power that the patient authorised. Finally, it had relational and emotional value.Discussion and conclusionPhysical examination is so internalised by the patients that it becomes unquestionable. It may be inappropriate when this touch does not belong to physical examination or on the contrary represents a proof of the doctor’s humanity. The patient is not necessarily aware of the relational dimension that underpins touching and, in particular, clinical examination. This raises the question of why should doctor use it and how they can communicate about it, so that it may become an active tool in favour of trust and the construction of the relationship.
Potential social marketing applications for knowledge translation in healthcare: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Colquhoun Heather , Ellen Moriah , Brehaut Jamie , Weinreich Nedra Kline , Morvinski Coby , Zarshenas Sareh , Nguyen Tram , Presseau Justin , McCleary Nicola , Proctor Enola 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionKnowledge translation has emerged as a practice and a science to bridge the gap between evidence and practice in healthcare. While the field has appropriately borrowed from other related fields to advance its science, there remain fields less mined. One such field with potential relevance to knowledge translation, but limited application to date, is social marketing. This review aims to determine elements of social marketing interventions that could be applied to knowledge translation science. Our objectives are to: (1) summarise the types of studies that have tested social marketing interventions in controlled intervention study designs; (2) describe the social marketing interventions and their effects; and (3) propose strategies for the integration of social marketing interventions into knowledge translation science.Methods and analysisThis scoping review will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodological Guidance. For the first and second objectives, all English-language studies published from 1971 onwards will be included if they (1) used a randomised or non-randomised controlled intervention design, and (2) tested a social marketing intervention as defined by five essential social marketing criteria. The research team will address the third objective through discussion and consensus. All screening and extraction will be performed independently by two reviewers. Variables extracted will include intervention details using essential and desirable social marketing criteria and the context, mechanism and outcomes of the interventions.Ethics and disseminationThis project is a secondary analysis of published papers and does not require ethics approval. We will disseminate our review outputs in knowledge translation journals and present at relevant conferences across the spectrum of the field. We will produce a short and long version of a plain language summary that will be tailored to various groups including implementation scientists and quality improvement researchers.Registration detailsOpen Science Framework Registration link: osf.io/6q834.
Trends of frequency, mortality and risk factors among patients admitted with stroke from 2017 to 2019 to the medical ward at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre hospital: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Moshi Baraka , Yongolo Nateiya , Biswaro Sanjura Mandela , Maro Hans , Linus Sakanda , Siebert Stefan , Nkenguye William , McIntosh Emma , Shirima Febronia , Njau Rosalia E , Andongolile Alice A , Mwanswila Manasseh Joel , Halliday Jo E B , Krauth Stefanie , Kilonzo Kajiru , Walker Richard William , Temu Gloria August , Mmbaga Blandina T 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe burden of stroke has increased in recent years worldwide, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries. In this study we aim to determine the number of stroke admissions, and associated comorbidities, at a referral hospital in Northern Tanzania.DesignThis was a retrospective observational study.SettingThe study was conducted at a tertiary referral hospital, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC), in the orthern zone of Tanzania.ParticipantsThe study included adults aged 18 years and above, who were admitted to the medical wards from 2017 to 2019.OutcomeThe primary outcome was the proportion of patients who had a stroke admitted in the medical ward at KCMC and the secondary outcome was clinical outcome such as mortality.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective audit of medical records from 2017 to 2019 for adult patients admitted to the medical ward at KCMC. Data extracted included demographic characteristics, previous history of stroke and outcome of the admission. Factors associated with stroke were investigated using logistic regression.ResultsAmong 7976 patients admitted between 2017 and 2019, 972 (12.2%) were patients who had a stroke. Trends show an increase in patients admitted with stroke over the 3 years with 222, 292 and 458 in 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively. Of the patients who had a stroke, 568 (58.4%) had hypertension while 167 (17.2%) had diabetes mellitus. The proportion of admitted stroke patients aged 18–45 years, increased from 2017 (n=28, 3.4%) to 2019 (n=40, 4.3%). The in-hospital mortality related to stroke was 229 (23.6%) among 972 patients who had a stroke and female patients had 50% higher odds of death as compared with male patients (OR:1.5; CI 1.30 to 1.80).ConclusionThe burden of stroke on individuals and health services is increasing over time, which reflects a lack of awareness on the cause of stroke and effective preventive measures. Prioritising interventions directed towards the reduction of non-communicable diseases and associated complications, such as stroke, is urgently needed.
Effect of portable HEPA filters on COVID-19 period prevalence: an observational quasi-interventional study in German kindergartens
Authors: Falkenberg Timo , Wasser Felix , Zacharias Nicole , Mutters Nico , Kistemann Thomas 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters on COVID-19 period prevalence in kindergartens.DesignThe observational study follows an intervention design with the intervention group using HEPA filters and the control group not.SettingThe study was conducted in 32 (10 intervention, 22 control) kindergartens (daycare centres) in Rhineland Palatinate (Germany).ParticipantsData of 2360 children (663 intervention, 1697 control) were reported by the kindergarten heads. Data were collected on institutional level without any identifying information on individuals. Thus, all children of all facilities were included; however, no demographic data were recorded.InterventionsThe study followed a quasi-interventional design, as no formal intervention was conducted. A charity foundation equipped kindergartens with HEPA filters. These kindergartens were enrolled as intervention group. The control group was recruited from the neighbouring communities and districts.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was the number of COVID-19 cases reported by the kindergarten heads, converted into period prevalence rates per 1000 population.ResultsThe mean COVID-19 period prevalence rates of the control and intervention groups were 186 (95% CI: 137.8 to 238.9) and 372 (95% CI: 226.6 to 517.6) per 1000 children, respectively. The one-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test indicates a p value of 0.989; thus, the hypothesised preventive effect of HEPA filters could not be confirmed in the kindergarten setting.ConclusionsWhile HEPA filters can significantly reduce the viral load in room air, this does not lead to reduced COVID-19 prevalence in the selected kindergartens in Germany. It is known that contagion mainly occurs via direct face-to-face air exchange during play and that the contaminated air does not necessarily pass through the filter prior to air exchange between children. The use of HEPA filters may also lead to a sense of security, leading to reduced preventive behaviour.
Health risk communication and infodemic management in Iran: development and validation of a conceptual framework
Authors: Bazrafshan Azam , Sadeghi Azadeh , Bazrafshan Maliheh Sadat , Mirzaie Hossein , Shafiee Mehdi , Geerts Jaason , Sharifi Hamid 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant gaps in Iran’s and other health systems’ risk communication. The accompanying infodemic undermined policy responses, amplified distrust in government and reduced adherence to public health recommendations among the Iranian population. This study aimed to develop a conceptual framework for health risk communication and infodemic management (RCIM) during epidemics and health emergencies in Iran that could have potential applications in other contexts.DesignThis study was designed in two phases. Phase 1 involved semistructured qualitative interviews with key informants to explore effective RCIM strategies across public health settings in Iran and to develop a conceptual framework. Phase 2 involved revising the framework based on feedback from an online expert panel regarding its comprehensiveness and validity.SettingProvincial/national public health settings in Iran.ParticipantsTwenty key informants from provincial and national public health authorities who contributed to COVID-19 response programmes participated in interviews. Nine experts from diverse academic disciplines, provincial and national settings, and geographical locations participated in an online expert panel.ResultsThe conceptual model was created based on qualitative interviews and expert panel discussions and was structured according to six pillars of the WHO health system framework: leadership and governance, information, health workforce and financial resources, along with media and community. Leadership and governance, including trustworthy leaders, were recommended as the foundation for developing RCIM in Iran. Developing an official strategy with information infrastructures, including high-quality surveillance systems, identified personnel and training for specialists among the health workforce, financial resources, communication channels and community engagement were recognised as other dimensions for developing health risk communication in Iran.ConclusionThe proposed framework represents a step toward establishing a national RCIM strategy in Iran. Further validation of the conceptual framework and experiments on how it could potentially influence policy and practice is recommended. This model has the potential to be applied in other contexts in its current form or as the foundation for customised local versions.
Association of vaccine stockout with immunisation coverage in low-income and middle-income countries: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lee Donghoon , Lavayen Manuel Celestino , Kim Taeksoo Ted , Legins Ken , Seidel Michelle 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesThis study investigated the association between vaccine stockout and immunisation coverage, and infant/under 5 mortality rates.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingLow-income and middle-income countries.ParticipantsA cohort of 131 low-income and middle-income countries from 2004 to 2019.Primary outcome measuresMain outcomes included immunisation coverages of (1) diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis containing vaccine (DTP), (2) measles containing vaccine (MCV), (3) BCG and (4) oral polio vaccine (OPV). We also included infant and under 5 mortality rates as secondary outcomes.ResultsThe countries that experienced national-level stockouts of DTP and MCV had 3.7 and 4 percentage points lower coverage rates of DTP3 and MCV1, respectively, compared with the countries without the stockout events (p<0.01). Moreover, the statistically significant differences in the immunisation coverage rates across the countries with and without the stockout events are 2.4 percentage points and 2.6 percentage points for BCG and OPV, respectively (p<0.01).ConclusionOur findings show that the incidence of vaccine stockout events is associated with the decreased immunisation coverages for children in low-income and middle-income countries. However, we did not observe a statistically significant association between the increasing frequency of vaccine stockout and infant and under 5 mortality rates.
Neurobiological basis and risk factors of persistent fatigue and concentration problems after COVID-19: study protocol for a prospective case–control study (VeCosCO)
Authors: Verveen Anouk , Verfaillie Sander C J , Visser Denise , Csorba Irene , Coomans Emma M , Koch Dook W , Appelman Brent , Barkhof Frederik , Boellaard Ronald , de Bree Godelieve , van de Giessen Elsmarieke M , Golla Sandeep , van Heugten Caroline M , Horn Janneke , Hulst Hanneke E , de Jong Menno D , Kuut Tanja A , van der Maaden Tessa , van Os Yvonne M G , Prins Maria , Slooter Arjen J C , Visser-Meily Johanna M A , van Vugt Michele , van den Wijngaard Cees C , Nieuwkerk P T , Knoop H , Tolboom Nelleke , van Berckel Bart N M 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe risk factors for persistent fatigue and cognitive complaints after infection with SARS-CoV-2 and the underlying pathophysiology are largely unknown. Both clinical factors and cognitive-behavioural factors have been suggested to play a role in the perpetuation of complaints. A neurobiological aetiology, such as neuroinflammation, could be the underlying pathophysiological mechanism for persisting complaints.To unravel factors associated with persisting complaints, VeCosCO will compare individuals with and without persistent fatigue and cognitive complaints >3 months after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The study consists of two work packages. The first work package aims to (1) investigate the relation between persisting complaints and neuropsychological functioning; (2) determine risk factors and at-risk phenotypes for the development of persistent fatigue and cognitive complaints, including the presence of postexertional malaise and (3) describe consequences of persistent complaints on quality of life, healthcare consumption and physical functioning. The second work package aims to (1) determine the presence of neuroinflammation with [18F]DPA-714 whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) scans in patients with persisting complaints and (2) explore the relationship between (neuro)inflammation and brain structure and functioning measured with MRI.Methods and analysisThis is a prospective case–control study in participants with and without persistent fatigue and cognitive complaints, >3 months after laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants will be mainly included from existing COVID-19 cohorts in the Netherlands covering the full spectrum of COVID-19 acute disease severity. Primary outcomes are neuropsychological functioning, postexertional malaise, neuroinflammation measured using [18F]DPA-714 PET, and brain functioning and structure using (f)MRI.Ethics and disseminationWork package 1 (NL79575.018.21) and 2 (NL77033.029.21) were approved by the medical ethical review board of the Amsterdam University Medical Centers (The Netherlands). Informed consent is required prior to participation in the study. Results of this study will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and shared with the key population.
Distinct cardiovascular and cancer burdens associated with social position, work environment and unemployment: a cross-sectional and retrospective study in a large population-based French cohort
Authors: Sanchez Rico Marina , Plessz Marie , Airagnes Guillaume , Ribet Céline , Hoertel Nicolas , Goldberg Marcel , Zins Marie , Meneton Pierre 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesDistinguish the respective effects of social position, work environment and unemployment on cardiovascular and cancer risks.DesignA cross-sectional and retrospective observational study.SettingA population-based French cohort (CONSTANCES).Participants130 197 adults enrolled between 2012 and 2021 without missing values.Primary outcome measuresThe associations of social position, work environment and unemployment exposure with the prevalence of cardiovascular events and cancers simultaneously tested using logistic regression models adjusting for common risk factors.ResultsWhile social position, work environment and unemployment exposure are strongly inter-related with each other, they are not linked to the same cardiovascular and cancer outcomes. Low social position and long unemployment duration are significantly associated with an increased prevalence of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and peripheral arterial disease (OR=1.22 to 1.90, p<0.04 to p<0.0001) but not of stroke. In contrast, a bad work environment is associated with an increased prevalence of stroke (OR=1.29, p<0.01) but not of angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and peripheral arterial disease. Low social position is associated with an increased prevalence of cervical and lung cancers (OR=1.73 and 1.95, p<0.002 and p<0.03) and a decreased prevalence of skin cancer (OR=0.70, p<0.0001) while a bad work environment is associated with an increased prevalence of breast, skin, prostate and colon cancers (OR=1.31 to 2.91, p<0.0002 to p<0.0001). Unemployment exposure is not associated with the prevalence of any type of cancers.ConclusionsSocial position, work environment and unemployment are associated with distinct cardiovascular and cancerous diseases that could add up during lifetime, they should therefore be considered all together in any preventive strategy.
A nationwide analysis of geriatric proximal humerus fractures: trends, outcomes, and cost
Authors: Cheng Teresa , Galicia Kevin , Patel Purvi P , Anstadt Michael J , Gonzalez Richard P , Kubasiak John 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundIn the USA, proximal humerus fractures (PHF) are the third most common fracture among the elderly. Although most geriatric PHF are treated conservatively, surgical management remains an option. This retrospective study compares annual trends, patient outcomes, and hospital costs between operatively and non-operatively managed geriatric PHF.MethodsThe Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample was queried from 2012 to 2015. Geriatric patients with PHF were identified and those who underwent operative or non-operative management were compared in trends, outcomes and costs.ResultsIn total, 137 810 patients met inclusion criteria, of which 51 795 (37.6%) underwent operative management. The operative cohort was younger (76.6 vs 80.9, p<0.001) with a greater proportion of females (81.8% vs 77.6%, p<0.001). The operative cohort demonstrated less frailty and lower Elixhauser Comorbidity Scores (both p<0.001). The operative cohort was also more likely to be discharged home (30.4% vs 13.9%, p<0.001). There was no significant linear trend in age-adjusted and sex-adjusted proportions of operative versus non-operative geriatric PHF (p=0.071), but a positive linear trend was statistically significant for total cost of operative geriatric PHF (p<0.001). Multivariable analyses demonstrated similar overall complication rates between cohorts (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.00; p=0.06), although surgical intervention increased length of stay (LOS) by 0.15 days (95% CI 0.03 to 0.27; p<0.001) and median cost of hospitalization by US$10 684 (95% CI US$10 384 to US$10 984; p<0.001).ConclusionsThis study identifies a positive linear trend in total cost of operatively managed geriatric PHF from 2012 to 2015. Operative management of geriatric PHF is associated with a similar overall complication rate and greater likelihood of being discharged home. Although non-operative management is associated with decreased LOS and hospital expenses, providers should consider surgical PHF treatment options when available and appropriate in the context of patient-focused outcomes, particularly long-term disposition after intervention.Level of EvidenceThis level IV retrospective study identifies.
Nuclear neutron radius and weak mixing angle measurements from latest COHERENT CsI and atomic parity violation Cs data
Authors: Atzori Corona M. , Cadeddu M. , Cargioli N. , Dordei F. , Giunti C. , Masia G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe COHERENT collaboration observed coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering using a 14.6 kg cesium-iodide (CsI) detector in 2017 and recently published the updated results before decommissioning the detector. Here, we present the legacy determination of the weak mixing angle and of the average neutron rms radius of $$^{133}{\textrm{Cs}}$$

133

Cs

and $$^{127}{\textrm{I}}$$

127

I

obtained with the full CsI dataset, also exploiting the combination with the atomic parity violation (APV) experimental result, that allows us to achieve a precision as low as $$\sim $$
∼
4.5% and to disentangle the contributions of the $$^{133}{\textrm{Cs}}$$

133

Cs

and $$^{127}{\textrm{I}}$$

127

I

nuclei. Interestingly, we show that the COHERENT CsI data show a 6$$\sigma $$
σ
evidence of the nuclear structure suppression of the full coherence. Moreover, we derive a data-driven APV+COHERENT measurement of the low-energy weak mixing angle with a percent uncertainty, independent of the value of the average neutron rms radius of $$^{133}{\textrm{Cs}}$$

133

Cs

and $$^{127}{\textrm{I}},$$

127

I
,

that is allowed to vary freely in the fit. Additionally, we extensively discuss the impact of using two different determinations of the theoretical parity non-conserving amplitude in the APV fit. Our findings show that the particular choice can make a significant difference, up to 6.5% on $$R_n$$

R
n

(Cs) and 11% on the weak mixing angle. Finally, in light of the recent announcement of a future deployment of a 10 kg and a $$\sim $$
∼
700 kg cryogenic CsI detectors, we provide future prospects for these measurements, comparing them with other competitive experiments that are foreseen in the near future.