bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association of Work Overload with Burnout and Intent to Leave the Job Across the Healthcare Workforce During COVID-19
Authors: Rotenstein Lisa S. , Brown Roger , Sinsky Christine , Linzer Mark 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBurnout has risen across healthcare workers during the pandemic, contributing to workforce turnover. While prior literature has largely focused on physicians and nurses, there is a need to better characterize and identify actionable predictors of burnout and work intentions across healthcare role types.ObjectiveTo characterize the association of work overload with rates of burnout and intent to leave (ITL) the job in a large national sample of healthcare workers.DesignCross-sectional survey study conducted between April and December 2020.SettingA total of 206 large healthcare organizations.ParticipantsPhysicians, nurses, other clinical staff, and non-clinical staff.MeasuresWork overload, burnout, and ITL.ResultsThe sample of 43,026 respondents (mean response rate 44%) was comprised of 35.2% physicians, 25.7% nurses, 13.3% other clinical staff, and 25.8% non-clinical staff. The overall burnout rate was 49.9% (56.0% in nursing, 54.1% in other clinical staff, 47.3% in physicians, and 45.6% in non-clinical staff;p < 0.001 for difference). ITL was reported by 28.7% of healthcare workers, with nurses most likely to report ITL (41.0%), followed by non-clinical staff (32.6%), other clinical staff (32.1%), and physicians (24.3%) (p < 0.001 for difference). The prevalence of perceived work overload ranged from 37.1% among physicians to 47.4% in other clinical staff. In propensity-weighted models, work overload was significantly associated with burnout (adjusted risk ratio (ARR) 2.21 to 2.90) and intent to leave (ARR 1.73 to 2.10) across role types.LimitationsOrganizations’ participation in the survey was voluntary.ConclusionsThere are high rates of burnout and intent to leave the job across healthcare roles. Proactively addressing work overload across multiple role types may help with concerning trends across the healthcare workforce. This will require a more granular understanding of sources of work overload across different role types, and a commitment to matching work demands to capacity for all healthcare workers.
Comparison of postoperative analgesia use between robotic and laparoscopic total hysterectomy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tanabe Shohei , Yamamoto Ryohei , Sugino Sachiyo , Ichida Kotaro , Niiya Kiyoshi , Morishima Syuji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough robotic and laparoscopic total hysterectomies are widely used as minimally invasive procedures, consensus on which is superior regarding lesser postoperative pain is lacking. This study determines whether there is a difference in the proportion of postoperative use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen between robotic and laparoscopic total hysterectomies. This retrospective cohort study enrolled patients who underwent robotic or laparoscopic total hysterectomy for uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 at a hospital between July 2016 and November 2021. The outcome was postoperative analgesics (i.e., NSAIDs or acetaminophen) use. Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between the procedure and outcome. Adjusted variables were age, body mass index, surgeon’s laparoscopic technique certification, intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, and wound local anesthesia. Of 127 patients, 3 were excluded, and 124 were included. Robotic and laparoscopic hysterectomy was performed in 38 and 86 patients, respectively. Postoperative analgesics were administered to 10 (26.3%) and 52 (60.5%) patients in the robotic and laparoscopic groups, respectively. Unadjusted logistic regression analysis showed significantly more frequent analgesics use in the laparoscopy group (odds ratio [OR] 4.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85–9.93; p < 0.01). Adjusted logistic regression analysis did not detect significant differences (OR 2.62; 95% CI 0.91–7.56; p = 0.07). No significant difference in the proportion of postoperative analgesia was observed between robotic total hysterectomy and laparoscopy. Future studies must include larger sample sizes and aligned intraoperative and postoperative analgesic management.
The Spatial Variability of the Sex and Age- Specific 10-Year Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases and its Clinical Risk Factors in Athens Metropolitan Area: a Local Statistical Modelling Approach in the Context of the ATTICA Epidemiological Study
Authors: Tsiampalis Thomas , Faka Antigoni , Psaltopoulou Theodora , Pitsavos Christos , Chalkias Christos , Panagiotakos Demosthenes B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAccording to the published European public health policies, emphasis should be given on the identification of high-risk areas, in terms of both Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) incidence, as well as of its main clinical risk factors. Thus, we aimed to investigate: (a) the geographical variability of the sex and age-specific 10-year incidence of CVDs and its clinical risk factors in the Athens metropolitan area, the most urbanised city in Greece accounting for about 35% of the total Greek population, and (b) the spatial heterogeneity of the association between the main clinical risk factors and the 10-year CVD incidence at an aggregated level. Data regarding the 10-year CVD incidence (% of population in each municipality with any CVD after the 10-year period), as well as the prevalence of the risk factors (obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolaemia; expressed as % of population in each municipality) were provided by the ATTICA epidemiological study for 2020 individuals found during the 10-year follow-up with complete data for locality geocoding. Socio-economic, demographic, and environmental characteristics for each municipality of the Attica region, were obtained from official national and international databases. A local statistical modelling approach, namely the Geographically Weighted Regression, was implemented in order to investigate the associations at a local level and therefore give emphasis on the design of more effective public health programs, taking into account the special characteristics of each area. Hypercholesterolaemia was found to be the most prevalent clinical risk factor in the study area, while higher prevalence for all the risk factors were presented in areas of lower socioeconomic status (SES), where a significantly higher number of new CVD cases in the decade were detected as well. 10-year CVD incidence was also found to be significantly elevated in areas characterized by worse health status in terms of the risk factors’ prevalence, while the sex and age- specific CVD incidence rates were found to be differently affected by these factors. Interestingly, despite the fact that CVDs are acknowledged as a man’s disease, areas of higher (South & North) and moderate (East) SES were found to be characterized by higher CVD incidence rates in females, while in areas of lower SES (West), higher CVD incidence rates were found in males. In line with the current European policy, the identification of areas where the intensity of the studied associations is stronger, can be considered a crucial methodological aspect for the design and implementation of more effective CVD prevention programs at the community level.
Barriers to blockchain technology adoption in supply chains: the case of India
Authors: Khan Shahbaz , Haleem Abid , Husain Zafar , Samson Daniel , Pathak R. D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the era of digitalization, Blockchain is an evolving technology that has the potential to change the shape of numerous industries. Blockchain is considered the transforming technology that has the ability to change the conventional supply chain network by providing additional transparency of transactions in terms of information and physical goods. Additionally, the implementation of blockchain technology in the supply chain is required to accomplish the objectives of industry 4.0. However, there has to date been a scarcity of blockchain implementations due to the numerous barriers associated with it. Therefore, the primary aim of this research is to identify and investigate the major barriers to implementing blockchain technology in supply chains. We identified ten significant barriers to adopting blockchain technology through a literature review and expert opinions. Additionally, the finalized barriers were categorized into an influential and influenced group using the DEMATEL method. The findings of this study show that 'influential group' barriers require more attention from the supply chain partners to mitigate these barriers. The primary influential barriers are 'Lack of information sharing,' 'Trust management issues,' and 'Lack of upgraded technologies’, and these barriers require immediate attention from supply chain stakeholders wishing to use blockchain. These findings contribute to improving managerial decisions and digital strategies regarding blockchain within organisations, and how implementation can effectively be achieved.
Prototype Theory Meets Word Embedding: A Novel Approach for Text Categorization via Granular Computing
Authors: De Santis Enrico , Rizzi Antonello 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe problem of the information representation and interpretation coming from senses by the brain has plagued scientists for decades. The same problems, from a different perspective, hold in automated Pattern Recognition systems. Specifically, in solving various NLP tasks, an ever better and richer semantic representation of text as a set of features is needed and a plethora of text embedding techniques in algebraic spaces are continuously provided by researchers. These spaces are well suited to be conceived as conceptual spaces in light of the Gärdenfors’s Conceptual Space theory, which, within the Cognitive Science paradigm, seeks a geometrization of thought that bridges the gap between an associative lower level and a symbolic higher level in which information is organized and processed and where inductive reasoning is appropriate. Granular Computing can offer the toolbox for granulating text that can be represented by more abstract entities than words, offering a good hierarchical representation of the text embedded in an algebraic space driving Machine Learning applications, specifically, in text mining tasks. In this paper, the Conceptual Space Theory, the Granular Computing approach and Machine Learning are bound in a novel common framework for solving some text categorization tasks with both standard classifiers suited for working with$$\mathbb {R}^n$$Rnvectors and a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) — an LSTM — able to deal with sequences. Instead of working with word vectors, the algorithms process more abstract entities (concepts), where patterns, in a first approach, are obtained through the construction of a symbolic histogram starting from a suitable set of information granules, representing a document as a distribution of concepts. For the RNN case, as a further novelty, a text is represented as a random walk over prototypes within the conceptual space synthesized over a suitable text embedding procedure. A comparison of the performance and a critical discussion are offered for both a neural embedding technique and the well-known LSA, showing how the conceptual level leads also to Knowledge Discovery applications.
The Role of Regional Intangible Assets for the Innovation Activity of Enterprises: The case of Polish Regions
Authors: Lubacha Judyta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInnovative enterprises may undertake innovation activity in the form of research and development (R&D) or the acquisition of already developed technology (imitative innovation). Both types of innovation may influence economic growth or catching-up processes in different ways. Therefore, in the research presented, various types of innovation activity are analysed based on Community Innovation Survey data. The question is how the regional environment, characterised based on the data on intangible assets, affects R&D activity and the acquisition of machinery and software. The analysis was conducted for the years 2004–2014 in 16 Polish regions. Intangible assets were measured using the intellectual capital index. Panel data econometric models were applied to test the relations between various types of innovation activity and intangible assets in the regions. Human capital was found to be positively related to internal and external R&D activity. Life-long learning (one of the human capital indicators) was found to be positively related to the acquisition of machinery and software. Structural capital was found to be positively related to internal and external R&D activity.
A synthesis of mercury research in the Southern Hemisphere, part 2: Anthropogenic perturbations
Authors: Fisher Jenny A. , Schneider Larissa , Fostier Anne-Hélène , Guerrero Saul , Guimarães Jean Remy Davée , Labuschagne Casper , Leaner Joy J. , Martin Lynwill G. , Mason Robert P. , Somerset Vernon , Walters Chavon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEnvironmental mercury (Hg) contamination is a global concern requiring action at national scales. Scientific understanding and regulatory policies are underpinned by global extrapolation of Northern Hemisphere Hg data, despite historical, political, and socioeconomic differences between the hemispheres that impact Hg sources and sinks. In this paper, we explore the primary anthropogenic perturbations to Hg emission and mobilization processes that differ between hemispheres and synthesize current understanding of the implications for Hg cycling. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH), lower historical production of Hg and other metals implies lower present-day legacy emissions, but the extent of the difference remains uncertain. More use of fire and higher deforestation rates drive re-mobilization of terrestrial Hg, while also removing vegetation that would otherwise provide a sink for atmospheric Hg. Prevalent Hg use in artisanal and small-scale gold mining is a dominant source of Hg inputs to the environment in tropical regions. Meanwhile, coal-fired power stations continue to be a significant Hg emission source and industrial production of non-ferrous metals is a large and growing contributor. Major uncertainties remain, hindering scientific understanding and effective policy formulation, and we argue for an urgent need to prioritize research activities in under-sampled regions of the SH.
Kinetic and isotherm studies of Acid Orange 7 dye absorption using sulphonated mandarin biochar treated with TETA
Authors: Eleryan Ahmed , Hassaan Mohamed A. , Aigbe Uyiosa O. , Ukhurebor Kingsley E. , Onyancha Robert B. , El-Nemr Mohamed A. , Ragab Safaa , Hossain Ismail , El Nemr Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study contributes to the current state of knowledge by highlighting the physical–chemical interactions between biochar and dyes. The removal of Acid Orange 7 (AO7) dye by a modified biochar obtained from the wastes of mandarin peels (MPs) has been investigated in this work. A dehydration procedure with 80% H2SO4 under reflux was applied to produce an innovative biochar from MPs and then boiled with H2O2 and followed by boiling with triethylenetetramine to make mandarin biochar-C-TETA (MBCT). FTIR, SEM, EDX, BJH, BET, TGA, and DTA analyses were applied to investigate the MBCT. FTIR analysis showed an additional peak that confirmed the addition of the NH2 group to the MBCT structure. An amorphous carbon structure was also confirmed by XRD analysis. The AO7 dye solution pH was proved to give the best absorption at pH 2.0. Significant removal of AO7 dye 99.07% using an initial concentration of 100 mg/L of AO7 dye and a 0.75 g/L MBCT. The Langmuir (LNR) and Freundlich (FRH) isotherm models investigated the experimental results. The LNR was best suited to handle the working MBCT data. The maximum adsorption capacity (Qm) calculated for the MBCT was 312.5 mg/g using 0.25 g/L of the MBCT. Kinetic studies were conducted using the intraparticle diffusion (IND), film diffusion (FD), pseudo-first-order (PFOR), and pseudo-second-order (PSOR) models. The absorption rate was calculated using the ultimate value of the linear regression coefficient (R2 > 0.99), and the PSOR rate model was found to ideally describe the absorption process. The point of zero charge (pHPZC) was found to be 10.17. The electrostatic attractive-forces between the sorbent surface positively charged sites and negatively charged anionic dye molecules were the primary mechanism of the MBCT sorption of the AO7 dye’s anion absorption. The results indicate that the manufactured MBCT adsorbent may be useful for removing the AO7 dye from wastewater. MBCT can be used repeatedly for up to six cycles without dropping its absorption efficiency.
Natural farming improves crop yield in SE India when compared to conventional or organic systems by enhancing soil quality
Authors: Duddigan Sarah , Shaw Liz J. , Sizmur Tom , Gogu Dharmendar , Hussain Zakir , Jirra Kiranmai , Kaliki Hamika , Sanka Rahul , Sohail Mohammad , Soma Reshma , Thallam Vijay , Vattikuti Haripriya , Collins Chris D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractZero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF) is a grassroot agrarian movement and a state backed extension in Andhra Pradesh, and has been claimed to potentially meet the twin goals of global food security and environmental conservation. However, there is a lack of statistically evaluated data to support assertions of yield benefits of ZBNF compared to organic or conventional alternatives, or to mechanistically account for them. In order to fill this gap, controlled field experiments were established in twenty-eight farms across six districts, spanning over 800 km, over three cropping seasons. In these experiments, we compared ZBNF (no synthetic pesticides or fertilisers, home-made inputs comprising desi cow dung and urine with mulch) to conventional (synthetic fertilisers and pesticides) and organic (no synthetic pesticides or fertilisers, no mulch, purchased organic inputs, e.g. farmyard manure and vermicompost) treatments, all with no tillage. Comparisons were made in terms of yield, soil pH, temperature, moisture content, nutrient content and earthworm abundance. Our data shows that yield was significantly higher in the ZBNF treatment (z score = 0.58 ± 0.08), than the organic (z= −0.34 ± 0.06) or conventional (−0.24 ± 0.07) treatment when all farm experiments were analysed together. However, the efficacy of the ZBNF treatment was context specific and varied according to district and the crop in question. The ZBNF yield benefit is likely attributed to mulching, generating a cooler soil, with a higher moisture content and a larger earthworm population. There were no significant differences between ZBNF and the conventional treatment in the majority of nutrients. This is a particularly important observation, as intensive use of synthetic pesticides and fertilisers comes with a number of associated risks to farmers’ finances, human health, greenhouse gas emissions, biodiversity loss and environmental pollution. However, long-term field and landscape scale trials are needed to corroborate these initial observations.
What Counts as an Immune Response? On the Role of Abiotic Stress in Immunology
Authors: Veigl Sophie Juliane 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the postgenomic era, interactions between organism and environment are central in disciplines such as epigenetics, medical physiology, and immunology. Particularly in the more "applied" medical fields, an emphasis lies on interactions of the organism with other organisms, that is, other living things. There is, however, a growing amount of research investigating the impact of abiotic triggers on the immune system. While the distinction between biota and abiota features heavily in other contexts, its status is not explicit within immunology. Do immunologists distinguish living from nonliving triggers? In this article, I will carve out whether and in which ways the biotic/abiotic distinction operates in immunology. I will look into responses to biotic and abiotic stressors in plant and invertebrate model species and ask how and why they are conceptually separated. I will trace the reasons by investigating the disciplinary situatedness of immune phenomena and the import of vertebrate immunology when conceptualizing immune responses in other model organisms. I will then investigate how the convergence of biotic and abiotic stress responses in plants and invertebrates adds to the recent philosophical programs advocating an ecological perspective on immune systems.
Interviews with Indigenous Māori with type 1 diabetes using open-source automated insulin delivery in the CREATE randomised trial
Authors: Burnside Mercedes , Haitana Tracy , Crocket Hamish , Lewis Dana , Meier Renee , Sanders Olivia , Jefferies Craig , Faherty Ann , Paul Ryan , Lever Claire , Price Sarah , Frewen Carla , Jones Shirley , Gunn Tim , Wheeler Benjamin J. , Pitama Suzanne , de Bock Martin , Lacey Cameron 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Open-source automated insulin delivery (AID) is used by thousands of people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), but has unknown generalisability to marginalised ethnic groups. This study explored experiences of Indigenous Māori participants in the CREATE trial with use of an open-source AID system to identify enablers/barriers to health equity.

Methods
The CREATE randomised trial compared open-source AID (OpenAPS algorithm on an Android phone with a Bluetooth-connected pump) to sensor-augmented pump therapy. Kaupapa Māori Research methodology was used in this sub-study. Ten semi-structured interviews with Māori participants (5 children, 5 adults) and whānau (extended family) were completed. Interviews were recorded and transcribed, and data were analysed thematically. NVivo was used for descriptive and pattern coding.

Results
Enablers/barriers to equity aligned with four themes: access (to diabetes technologies), training/support, operation (of open-source AID), and outcomes. Participants described a sense of empowerment, and improved quality of life, wellbeing, and glycaemia. Parents felt reassured by the system’s ability to control glucose, and children were granted greater independence. Participants were able to use the open-source AID system with ease to suit whānau needs, and technical problems were manageable with healthcare professional support. All participants identified structures in the health system precluding equitable utilisation of diabetes technologies for Māori.

Conclusion
Māori experienced open-source AID positively, and aspired to use this therapy; however, structural and socio-economic barriers to equity were identified. This research proposes strength-based solutions which should be considered in the redesign of diabetes services to improve health outcomes for Māori with T1D.
Trial Registration: The CREATE trial, encompassing this qualitative sub-study, was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12620000034932p) on the 20th January 2020.