bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment effect of implant‐supported fixed complete dentures and implant overdentures on patient‐reported outcomes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Abou‐Ayash Samir , Fonseca Manrique , Pieralli Stefano , Reissmann Daniel R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze the effect of implant treatment in edentulous patients rehabilitated with implant‐supported fixed complete dentures (IFCDs) or implant overdentures (IODs) on dental patient‐reported outcomes (dPROs).Materials and MethodsIn January 2022, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed Central, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov were screened for prospective clinical studies on completely edentulous patients treated with IFCDs and/or IODs, reporting pre‐treatment and follow‐up dPROs. Hedges' g effect sizes (ES) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Afterward, meta‐analyses were conducted using random effect models.ResultsA total number of 1608 records was initially identified. Of those, 28 studies reporting dPROs from 1457 patients were finally included. The applied dental patient‐reported outcome measures (dPROMs) included several versions of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) or specific items assessing satisfaction with Visual Analogue Scales (VAS). The overall ES was large for rehabilitation with IFCDs (1.68 [CI: 1.15, 2.20]) and IODs (1.26 [CI: 0.99, 1.52]) with no significant difference (p = .165) between the two. Denture stability was the only factor rated significantly higher for IFCDs (ES difference: 2.37 [CI: 0.21, 4.54]; p = .032). Subgroup analyses revealed moderately higher ES for IODs on two implants relative to one implant (ES difference: 0.73 [CI: 0.34, 1.12]; p < .001).ConclusionsThere is a strong positive effect of implant treatment in edentulous patients, independent of the type of prosthetic rehabilitation. In patients seeking high stability, IFCDs may be preferable. In mandibular IODs on a single implant, there was a significantly positive effect of an additional implant on dPROs.
A Sino‐African perspective and the morality of procreation
Authors: Cordeiro‐Rodrigues Luís , Sun Qingjuan , Attoe Aribiah David , Ewuoso Cornelius 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCurrent studies of anti/‐natalism have been carried out mainly in the context of western philosophy. In this article, we offer a pro‐natalist view based on Confucian and Afro‐communitarian philosophy (Sino‐African ethics). Grounded in this Sino‐African perspective, we uphold that there is, at least, one reason to believe that not only is it morally permissible to procreate, but also that on some occasions, procreating is what morality prescribes. Specifically, we contend that, from a Sino‐African perspective, procreating sometimes is the best way to fulfil duties of reciprocity and care towards our parents.
Near‐peer teaching in a psychomotor skills course: Benefits, challenges and solutions
Authors: Botelho Michael George , Boubaker Bochra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study evaluates the perceptions and experiences of students in the role of near‐peer teachers in a psychomotor skills course.Materials and MethodsFinal year BDS students were invited to participate as near‐peer teachers in a 4th‐year conventional bridges course. Near‐peer teachers attended eight sessions (3 h) of simulation laboratory teaching relating to conventional bridge tooth preparations and provided feedback on near‐peer tooth preparations and answered their questions. Interviews were conducted with all near‐peer teachers to evaluate their perceptions of this novel teaching and learning experience and a thematic analysis was performed to analyse the data.ResultsNear‐peer teachers reported this to be a rewarding, enjoyable and challenging experience. They benefited from learning and revising content‐related materials as well as gained insights and teaching skills through the peer teaching process. Students felt supported and learned from peers and teaching staff and some used dyad teaching as a strategy to overcome perceived challenges. Students also reported the benefits of social and cognitive congruence in interacting with junior peers. However, students reported the feeling of inadequacy or lack of confidence and suggested the need for a training to prepare them better for the course.ConclusionThis paper reports on the benefits as well as challenges perceived by near‐peer teachers during simulation laboratory teaching experience. We provide solutions into how to better prepare students for such teaching experience.
Acoustic features of long‐distance calls of wild cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) are linked to the caller age from newborns to adults
Authors: Klenova Anna V. , Chelysheva Elena V. , Vasilieva Nina A. , Volodin Ilya A. , Volodina Elena V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWild cheetahs Acinonyx jubatus of all age classes, from newborns to adults, use their long‐distance chirps for communication with conspecifics. We investigated the ontogenetic changes of eight acoustic parameters of the chirps produced by wild‐living cheetahs across 14 age classes in Kenya. Chirp maximum fundamental frequency (f0max) was found to be best acoustic correlate of cheetah age. The f0max was the highest in neonates (up to 10 kHz), then decreased steadily across age classes and reached a plateau of about 1 kHz in mature adults older than 4 years. Based on a close relationship of f0max with age, we fitted polynomial models for estimating cheetah age by their chirps. We discuss that gradual changes of chirp f0max suggest the gradual development of cheetah vocal apparatus. Model for age estimation by chirps in the cheetah proposed in this study may provide conservationists a non‐invasive bioacoustic tool for estimating cheetah age, particularly at ages younger than 4 years. However, introducing more data from cheetahs of precisely known age would be necessary for obtaining more accurate results of age determination by voice for the older individuals.
Discourse markers in L2 learners' responses to teacher‐generated compliments during classroom interaction
Authors: Morady Moghaddam Mostafa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study explores discourse markers (DMs) as they occur with compliment responses (CRs) in classroom interactions among Iranian learners of English as a foreign language (EFL). Using the tenets of conversation analysis, this paper draws on data from teacher–student interactions in several private language institutes in Iran. After audiorecording and transcription of the compliment–response exchanges, 148 DMs were identified within the responses. These sequences were analyzed to find out how DMs are combined with four distinct CR types; accept, mitigate, reject, and request interpretation. DMs were also identified and categorizedbased on their frequency of occurance and semantic features to allow comparison with previous findings. The results of this study revealed that Iranian EFL learners resorted to a limited number of DMs in responses to teacher‐generated compliments, with “linking” DMs being the most favorable type. Moreover, some DMs were accompanied by a specific CR type which helped the formation of an intended illocutionary force by the complimentee. It was also observed that a DM or a combination of these markers can stand alone as a legitimate and functional response to compliments, which further reveals that DMs can contribute to both semantic and pragmatic meaning. These findings clearly suggest that explicit teaching of DMs in English language classes should be taken into consideration, as these linguistic elements can provide learners with important tools to convey their intended meaning more smoothly and effectively.
Within‐lake variatiability in predation risk shapes the spatio‐temporal structure of the zooplankton community
Authors: Leroux Riwan , Pépino Marc , Magnan Pierre , Bertolo Andrea 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

While it is well‐accepted that predation plays a key role in shaping both size structure and species composition in natural ecosystems, fine‐scale variation in predation risk within ecosystems has been largely neglected. The objective of this study was to use normalised size spectra (NSS) to investigate whether small‐scale spatial variation in predation risk (by fish) can modulate zooplankton community structure at the within‐lake level in a small temperate lake.

We tested the difference in the NSS between two hydrologically well‐connected basins of a lake exhibiting contrasting thermal regimes. The first is a well‐mixed shallow basin (max. depth 2.5 m) that is inaccessible to brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) during summer because the temperature is too warm. The second is a deeper basin (max. depth 18 m) offering a thermal refuge during summer because of lake stratification. As a consequence of these differences in fish accessibility, the fishless basin should contain larger and more abundant zooplankters, inducing a change in NSS slope and height.

Our results showed that both the zooplankton size structure and taxonomic composition were distinct in the two basins, with a higher proportion of small individuals and a higher abundance of zooplankton in the shallow basin compared to the deep one. Furthermore, following cooling of the epilimnion in late summer, the zooplankton communities of both basins exhibited a clear shift in size structure and species composition: in autumn, there were smaller individuals and larger proportions of Bosminidae and Daphniidae compared to colonial rotifers than in summer. These results suggest a potential effect of the change in the spatial distribution of brook charr which feed preferentially on large individuals, reducing the average body size of the zooplankton community.

Our results show that predation risk by fish can induce a spatial and temporal variation in zooplankton community structure within small temperate lake ecosystems exhibiting contrasted thermal regimes. Other potential predators also influenced the zooplankton community structure, creating a complex interplay that has to be taken into account to disentangle ecological processes and predict their future changes.
Association between frailty and oral health services use in Brazilian older adults
Authors: de Vasconcellos Natália Boessio Tex , Fagundes Maria Laura Braccini , Menegazzo Gabriele Rissotto , do Amaral Júnior Orlando Luiz , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot , do Amaral Giordani Jessye Melgarejo 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the association between frailty and oral health services use in Brazilian older adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study analysed the baseline data from the Longitudinal Study on Brazilian Ageing (ELSI‐Brazil) representative of Brazilians aged 50 or over. The outcome was oral health services used in the year prior to the interview. The main exposure variable was Frailty defined by the frailty phenotype. Age, skin colour, wealth, sex, education, type of service, health insurance, number of teeth and self‐perceived oral health were included as covariates. Prevalence ratios (PR) with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance.Results8405 individuals were included in this study. The prevalence of frailty was 7.5%. Regarding frailty status, the prevalence of dental service use was 47.0%, 48.5% and 4.5% for robust, pre‐frail and frail individuals, respectively. Frail individuals had a 7% higher prevalence of not using dental (PR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01–1.13) than robust individuals. Frailty was independently associated with not using oral health services.ConclusionGiven the complexity of the determinants of dental service use, frailty adds another dimension to be examined in older adults. Public health strategies considering a common risk factor approach should be endorsed.
Perirenal fat thickness is a powerful predictor for surgical outcomes of transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy
Authors: Hayashida Michikata , Sakaguchi Kazushige , Yasuoka Shotaro , Tanaka Makoto , Oshina Takahiro , Oka Suguru , Tatsushima Keita , Takeshita Akira , Takeuchi Yasuhiro , Urakami Shinji 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesLaparoscopic adrenalectomy has been the gold standard surgical procedure. However, the adaptation criteria for malignant tumors and predictors of perioperative outcomes are not well defined. Therefore, this study tried to identify valid predictors for perioperative outcomes of laparoscopic adrenalectomy and consider the adaptation criteria.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the preoperative and perioperative data of 216 patients who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy in our hospital. Preoperative factors associated with perioperative outcomes were analyzed using multiple regression analysis.ResultsAmong 216 patients, 165 (76.4%), 26 (12.0%), and 25 (11.6%) were suspected of having benign tumors, pheochromocytoma, and malignant tumors, respectively. Median tumor size was 25.0 mm (interquartile range 18.0–35.0); median perirenal fat thickness was 9.2 mm (interquartile range 4.9–15.6) on preoperative computed tomography scans. The median operative time was 145.5 min (interquartile range 117.5–184.0) and the median estimated blood loss was 0.0 mL (interquartile range 0.0–27.3). Perirenal fat thickness (p < 0.001), tumor size (p < 0.001), and malignant tumors (p = 0.020) were associated with operative time, and perirenal fat thickness (p = 0.038) and malignant tumors (p = 0.002) were associated with estimated blood loss.ConclusionsPerirenal fat thickness, tumor size, and malignant tumors are valid predictors of the surgical outcomes of transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy. As only perirenal fat thickness is associated with both surgical outcomes except for malignant tumors, it is a powerful predictor. Transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large malignant adrenal tumors with thick perirenal fat should be performed with caution.
Dynamics of respiratory viruses other than SARS‐CoV‐2 during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Madrid, Spain
Authors: Brañas Patricia , Muñoz‐Gallego Irene , Espartosa Elena , Moral Noelia , Abellán Guadalupe , Folgueira Lola 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic and the implemented control measures have impacted the circulation of respiratory‐transmitted pathogens. In this report, we present data from a retrospective study that included 17,883 specimens conducted between 2018 and 2022 in our facility, describing the dynamics of circulation of the main respiratory viruses. We observed a significant decrease in all viral detections (other than SARS‐CoV‐2) starting from March 2020. However, rhinovirus maintained comparable levels to the pre‐pandemic period. Additionally, influenza viruses were not detected during the 2020–2021 season, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) exhibited a shift in its seasonality, with an epidemic peak occurring in the summer of 2021.
Building digital resilience against crises: The case of Taiwan's COVID‐19 pandemic management
Authors: Lee Joyce Yi‐Hui , Chou Chih‐Yuan , Chang Hsin‐Lu , Hsu Carol 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDigital technologies are playing an increasingly central role in crisis management. Despite concerted efforts by information systems (IS) scholars to explore the capabilities of digital technologies to foster resilience against crises, very few have investigated the dynamics of building digital resilience in turbulent times. This study, drawing upon the resource orchestration view (ROV) and through an empirical investigation of Taiwan's COVID‐19 pandemic management, unpacked the black box process of governments leading heterogeneous societal entities to promote resource orchestration actions for the development of digital resilience. The research findings revealed four patterns of digital resource orchestrations—dual‐purposing existing IS, balancing data exploitation, enacting online co‐production, and augmenting social network effects—that led to rapid and effective pandemic crisis management in Taiwan. We incorporated our findings into a research model of digital resilience in the making, thereby providing a mechanism for building digital resilience at a societal level. The research outcomes foreground temporal and societal aspects of digital resilience that contribute to the literature by adding new insights to the currently limited research on the operational process of building digital resilience.
Governance and Climate Change: A Success Story in Mobilizing Investor Support for Corporate Responses to Climate Change
Authors: Andersson Mats , Bolton Patrick , Samama Frédéric 
Published: September 2023

Until fairly recently, the main approach to getting business to respond to climate change has been top‐down efforts to regulate emissions and enact various forms of “carbon pricing.” The aim of such efforts has been to make businesses “internalize” the costs associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Governments are expected to set the environmental protection rules for companies in their respective countries, and markets are expected to adjust to the new regulations and carbon prices.But this classical approach to economic policy does not work when applied to a global “public goods” challenge like trying to limit the extent and effects of climate change. Instead of a top‐down approach, in which economic actors are forced to respond to regulations imposed on them, the Paris climate agreement of 2015 was reached using a bottom‐up approach centered on the concept of Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs)—along with a process that ended up encouraging the participation of all economic actors, not just governments.The authors provide an account of how the Paris agreement was reached, and why the “Portfolio Decarbonization Coalition” under the auspices of the United Nations is the most important of several private‐sector initiatives that are changing the way corporations operate. Thanks in large part to the PDC, investors can now undertake meaningful corporate governance action on climate change. With GHG emissions from a particular companies’ operations now much easier to measure, objective performance metrics on GHG emissions can now be set by boards and verified by shareholders. And current decarbonized indexes can be used as performance benchmarks for asset managers’ compensation, which can be tied to return outperformance relative to a “decarbonized” index.
The Evolution of Integrating ESG Analysis into Wealth Management Decisions
Authors: Roselle Peter 
Published: September 2023

Retail investors rely heavily on the advice of their financial advisors. But relatively few of those advisors have begun to incorporate investment strategies based on environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors for their client's portfolios. The author attributes this lack of interest to the disappointing returns of the “first generation” of ESG retail investment products, which approached the topic through a “socially responsible investing” (SRI) lens with mandates to exclude companies and industries viewed as having negative impact on society. These early “negative screening” directives had the effect of reducing the size of the manager's investable universe, which effectively ensured that SRI portfolio would underperform the overall market.The author, who is himself a practicing financial advisor, proposes that an innovative evolutionary process is underway in which investment managers are shifting away from a penchant for “negative screening” to a more inclusive approach he refers to as “best‐in‐class ESG Factor Integration.” And he identifies three main catalysts for this evolution: (1) greater disclosure of ESG data by public companies; (2) the growing accuracy and accessibility of ESG research, from commercial as well as academic sources; and (3) the inclusion of ESG factors with the traditional value drivers emphasized by the fundamental and quantitative methods used by portfolio managers.Although such integration is yet in its early stages, the author is optimistic that this growing trend will become an important part of an overall sustainable investing movement. No longer confined to large institutional investors, ESG factor integration is now available through a growing number of products and investment platforms.
Managing the “S” in ESG: The Case of Indigenous Peoples and Extractive Industries
Authors: Pelosi Nick , Adamson Rebecca 
Published: September 2023

Although a company's “social license to operate” is critical to its long‐run viability and success, the “social” component of corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) problems appears to be taking the longest to be integrated into the corporate business model. The authors make the case that corporate boards must assume a more direct and proactive role in identifying, measuring, and mitigating social risk.Board involvement in the management of social issues, although not a silver bullet by itself, is an important step that can help catalyze the changes needed within upper, middle, and lower management. The absence of board oversight of social performance means that the reporting chain is not reaching the highest level of management. And this in turn creates a lack of attention and accountability to social performance that is likely to permeate the rest of the company.Along with board oversight, companies need more and better information to understand the value that good social performance creates for business, and to equip them for building and maintaining positive relationships with communities. At the individual company level, this means more comprehensive and granular analysis of social risk, the full range of costs of conflicts with local communities, the benefits of having a social license, and quality baseline data for community engagement. At the macro level, these data points must be aggregated to understand their implications across industries.
ESG Investing in Emerging and Frontier Markets
Authors: Odell Jamieson , Ali Usman 
Published: September 2023

The authors discuss the benefits of considering material environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors when investing in emerging and frontier markets. Companies that operate in these markets face a myriad of operating challenges, and management teams that respond to such challenges effectively can achieve superior financial performance over time. They are able to grow faster, achieve higher profitability, reduce their cost of capital, and manage exogenous risks better than their peers.For investment managers, integrating sustainability into the analysis process provides a differentiated lens to identify companies that possess strong competitive advantages that can drive value creation over time. At the same time, it can help investment managers avoid companies that have embedded risks in their business model or operations that may not be entirely visible to the market.Finally, given the early‐stage nature of many of these markets and the sometimes uneven understanding of sustainability issues at a company level, the authors argue that active ownership can be an important driver of alpha generation by fund managers. Engaging constructively with board members and management teams to improve a company's ESG profile can help drive operational improvements, strengthen the risk management function, and upgrade investors’ perception of the quality of the management team.