bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffusion-weighted MRI at the Late Stage after Radiotherapy for Evaluating
Salivary Gland Injury
Authors: Xia Xiaoxue , Wu Lifen , Li Tong , Tang Qi , Liang Lizhong 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
Salivary gland injury is the main complication of radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) as a reliable tool to assess salivary gland function in NPC patients after radiotherapy.

Materials and Methods:
This study analysed the MR images of 31 NPC patients at different time points within 2-3 years after radiotherapy. The changes in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and its relationship with radiation dose were analysed.

Results:
Both the parotid and submandibular gland ADC values increased significantly 3-6 months after radiotherapy and then decreased gradually. The ADC value of the parotid gland was positively correlated with radiation dose at the late stage (P = 0.012, r = 0.359). The submandibular gland ADC change value (P = 0.035) and change ratio (P = 0.027) of the high radiation dose group were significantly lower than those of the low dose group at the late stage.

Conclusion:
The correlation between ADC values of parotid and submandibular glands and the radiation dose indicated that DW-MRI could be helpful in evaluating salivary gland injury after radiotherapy.
An Artificial Intelligence Exercise Coaching Mobile App: Development and Randomized Controlled Trial to Verify Its Effectiveness in Posture Correction
Authors: Chae Han Joo , Kim Ji-Been , Park Gwanmo , O'Sullivan David Michael , Seo Jinwook , Park Jung-Jun 
Published: August 2023

Background
Insufficient physical activity due to social distancing and suppressed outdoor activities increases vulnerability to diseases like cardiovascular diseases, sarcopenia, and severe COVID-19. While bodyweight exercises, such as squats, effectively boost physical activity, incorrect postures risk abnormal muscle activation joint strain, leading to ineffective sessions or even injuries. Avoiding incorrect postures is challenging for novices without expert guidance. Existing solutions for remote coaching and computer-assisted posture correction often prove costly or inefficient.

Objective
This study aimed to use deep neural networks to develop a personal workout assistant that offers feedback on squat postures using only mobile devices—smartphones and tablets. Deep learning mimicked experts’ visual assessments of proper exercise postures. The effectiveness of the mobile app was evaluated by comparing it with exercise videos, a popular at-home workout choice.

Methods
Twenty participants were recruited without squat exercise experience and divided into an experimental group (EXP) with 10 individuals aged 21.90 (SD 2.18) years and a mean BMI of 20.75 (SD 2.11) and a control group (CTL) with 10 individuals aged 22.60 (SD 1.95) years and a mean BMI of 18.72 (SD 1.23) using randomized controlled trials. A data set with over 20,000 squat videos annotated by experts was created and a deep learning model was trained using pose estimation and video classification to analyze the workout postures. Subsequently, a mobile workout assistant app, Home Alone Exercise, was developed, and a 2-week interventional study, in which the EXP used the app while the CTL only followed workout videos, showed how the app helps people improve squat exercise.

Results
The EXP significantly improved their squat postures evaluated by the app after 2 weeks (Pre: 0.20 vs Mid: 4.20 vs Post: 8.00, P=.001), whereas the CTL (without the app) showed no significant change in squat posture (Pre: 0.70 vs Mid: 1.30 vs Post: 3.80, P=.13). Significant differences were observed in the left (Pre: 75.06 vs Mid: 76.24 vs Post: 63.13, P=.02) and right (Pre: 71.99 vs Mid: 76.68 vs Post: 62.82, P=.03) knee joint angles in the EXP before and after exercise, with no significant effect found for the CTL in the left (Pre: 73.27 vs Mid: 74.05 vs Post: 70.70, P=.68) and right (Pre: 70.82 vs Mid: 74.02 vs Post: 70.23, P=.61) knee joint angles.

Conclusions
EXP participants trained with the app experienced faster improvement and learned more nuanced details of the squat exercise. The proposed mobile app, offering cost-effective self-discovery feedback, effectively taught users about squat exercises without expensive in-person trainer sessions.

Trial Registration
Clinical Research Information Service KCT0008178 (retrospectively registered); https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/24006
Evaluating the Added Value of Digital Contact Tracing Support Tools for Citizens: Framework Development
Authors: Baron Ruth , Hamdiui Nora , Helms Yannick B , Crutzen Rik , Götz Hannelore M , Stein Mart L 
Published: August 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic revealed that with high infection rates, health services conducting contact tracing (CT) could become overburdened, leading to limited or incomplete CT. Digital CT support (DCTS) tools are designed to mimic traditional CT, by transferring a part of or all the tasks of CT into the hands of citizens. Besides saving time for health services, these tools may help to increase the number of contacts retrieved during the contact identification process, quantity and quality of contact details, and speed of the contact notification process. The added value of DCTS tools for CT is currently unknown.

Objective
To help determine whether DCTS tools could improve the effectiveness of CT, this study aims to develop a framework for the comprehensive assessment of these tools.

Methods
A framework containing evaluation topics, research questions, accompanying study designs, and methods was developed based on consultations with CT experts from municipal public health services and national public health authorities, complemented with scientific literature.

Results
These efforts resulted in a framework aiming to assist with the assessment of the following aspects of CT: speed; comprehensiveness; effectiveness with regard to contact notification; positive case detection; potential workload reduction of public health professionals; demographics related to adoption and reach; and user experiences of public health professionals, index cases, and contacts.

Conclusions
This framework provides guidance for researchers and policy makers in designing their own evaluation studies, the findings of which can help determine how and the extent to which DCTS tools should be implemented as a CT strategy for future infectious disease outbreaks.
Computer-Supported Collaborative Design of Standardized Clinical Cases: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Guinez-Molinos Sergio , Buendía-García Félix , Sierra-Rodríguez José-Luis , Gayoso-Cabada Joaquín , González-Díaz Jaime 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The creation of computer-supported collaborative clinical cases is an area of educational research that has been widely studied. However, the reuse of cases and their sharing with other platforms is a problem, as it encapsulates knowledge in isolated platforms without interoperability. This paper proposed a workflow ecosystem for the collaborative design and distribution of clinical cases through web-based computing platforms that (1) allow medical students to create clinical cases collaboratively in a dedicated environment; (2) make it possible to export these clinical cases in terms of the Health Level 7 (HL7) Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) interoperability standard; (3) provide support to transform imported cases into learning object repositories; and (4) use e-learning standards (eg, Instructional Management Systems Content Packaging [IMS-CP] or Sharable Content Object Reference Model [SCORM]) to incorporate this content into widely-used learning management systems (LMSs), letting medical students democratize a valuable knowledge that would otherwise be confined within proprietary platforms.

Objective
This study aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of developing a workflow ecosystem based on IT platforms to enable the collaborative creation, export, and deployment of clinical cases.

Methods
The ecosystem infrastructure for computer-supported collaborative design of standardized clinical cases consists of three platforms: (1) Mosaico, a platform used in the design of clinical cases; (2) Clavy, a tool for the flexible management of learning object repositories, which is used to orchestrate the transformation and processing of these clinical cases; and (3) Moodle, an LMS that is geared toward publishing the processed clinical cases and delivering their course deployment stages in IMS-CP or SCORM format. The generation of cases in Mosaico is exported in the HL7 FHIR interoperability standard to Clavy, which is then responsible for creating and deploying a learning object in Moodle.

Results
The main result was an interoperable ecosystem that demonstrates the feasibility of automating the stages of collaborative clinical case creation, export through HL7 FHIR standards, and deployment in an LMS. This ecosystem enables the generation of IMS-CPs associated with the original Mosaico clinical cases that can be deployed in conventional third-party LMSs, thus allowing the democratization and sharing of clinical cases to different platforms in standard and interoperable formats.

Conclusions
In this paper, we proposed, implemented, and demonstrated the feasibility of developing a standards-based workflow that interoperates multiple platforms with heterogeneous technologies to create, transform, and deploy clinical cases on the web. This achieves the objective of transforming the created cases into a platform for web-based deployment in an LMS.
Evaluating the Usefulness and Ease of Use of a Next-Generation–Connected Drug Delivery Device for Growth Hormone Therapy: Qualitative Study of Health Care Professionals’ Perceptions
Authors: Labarta José I , Dimitri Paul , Keiser Matthew , Koledova Ekaterina , Rivera-Romero Octavio 
Published: August 2023

Background
Digital solutions targeting children’s health have become an increasingly important element in the provision of integrated health care. For the treatment of growth hormone deficiency (GHD), a unique connected device is available to facilitate the delivery of recombinant human growth hormone (r-hGH) by automating the daily injection process and collecting injection data such that accurate adherence information is available to health care professionals (HCPs), caregivers, and patients. The adoption of such digital solutions requires a good understanding of the perspectives of HCPs as key stakeholders because they leverage data collection and prescribe these solutions to their patients.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the third generation of the easypod device (EP3) for the delivery of r-hGH treatment from the HCP perspective, with a focus on perceived usefulness and ease of use.

Methods
A qualitative study was conducted, based on a participatory workshop conducted in Zaragoza, Spain, with 10 HCPs experienced in the management of pediatric GHD from 7 reference hospitals in Spain. Several activities were designed to promote discussion among participants about predefined topics based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology to provide their perceptions about the new device.

Results
Participants reported 2 key advantages of EP3 over previous easypod generations: the touch screen interface and the real-time data transmission functionality. All participants (10/10, 100%) agreed that the new device should be part of a digital health ecosystem that provides complementary functionalities including data analysis.

Conclusions
This study explored the perceived value of the EP3 autoinjector device for the treatment of GHD by HCPs. HCPs rated the new capabilities of the device as having substantial improvements and concluded that it was highly recommendable for clinical practice. EP3 will enhance decision-making and allow for more personalized care of patients receiving r-hGH.
Investigating Individuals’ Preferences in Determining the Functions of Smartphone Apps for Fighting Pandemics: Best-Worst Scaling Survey Study
Authors: Xu Richard Huan , Shi Lushaobo , Shi Zengping , Li Ting , Wang Dong 
Published: August 2023

Background
Smartphone apps have been beneficial in controlling and preventing the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a gap in research surrounding the importance of smartphone app functions from a user’s perspective. Although the insights and opinions of different stakeholders, such as policymakers and medical professionals, can influence the success of a public health policy, any strategy will face difficulty in achieving the expected effect if it is not based on a method that users can accept.

Objective
This study aimed to assess the importance of a hypothetical smartphone app’s functions for managing health during a pandemic based on the perspective of user preferences.

Methods
A cross-sectional and web-based survey using the best-worst scaling (BWS) method was used to investigate the general population’s preferences for important smartphone app functions. Participants were recruited from a professional surveying company’s web-based surveying panel. The attributes of the BWS questionnaire were developed based on a robust process, including literature review, interviews, and expert discussion. A balanced incomplete block design was used to construct the choice task to ensure the effectiveness of the research design. Count analysis, conditional logit model analysis, and mixed logit analysis were used to estimate preference heterogeneity among respondents.

Results
The responses of 2153 participants were eligible for analysis. Nearly 55% (1192/2153) were female, and the mean age was 31.4 years. Most participants (1765/2153, 81.9%) had completed tertiary or higher education, and approximately 70% (1523/2153) were urban residents. The 3 most vital functions according to their selection were “surveillance and monitoring of infected cases,” “quick self-screening,” and “early detection of infected cases.” The mixed logit regression model identified significant heterogeneity in preferences among respondents, and stratified analysis showed that some heterogeneities varied in respondents by demographics and COVID-19–related characteristics. Participants who preferred to use the app were more likely to assign a high weight to the preventive functions than those who did not prefer to use it. Conversely, participants who showed lower willingness to use the app tended to indicate a higher preference for supportive functions than those who preferred to use it.

Conclusions
This study ranks the importance of smartphone app features that provide health care services during a pandemic based on the general population’s preferences in China. It provides empirical evidence for decision-makers to develop eHealth policies and strategies that address future public health crises from a person-centered care perspective. Continued use of apps and smart investment in digital health can help improve health outcomes and reduce the burden of disease on individuals and communities.
Perspectives and Experiences of Patients With Thyroid Cancer at a Global Level: Retrospective Descriptive Study of Twitter Data
Authors: Meksawasdichai Sununtha , Lerksuthirat Tassanee , Ongphiphadhanakul Boonsong , Sriphrapradang Chutintorn 
Published: August 2023

Background
Twitter has become a popular platform for individuals to broadcast their daily experiences and opinions on a wide range of topics and emotions. Tweets from patients with cancer could offer insights into their needs. However, limited research has been conducted using Twitter data to understand the needs of patients with cancer despite the substantial amount of health-related data posted on the platform daily.

Objective
This study aimed to uncover the potential of using Twitter data to understand the perspectives and experiences of patients with thyroid cancer at a global level.

Methods
This retrospective descriptive study collected tweets relevant to thyroid cancer in 2020 using the Twitter scraping tool. Only English-language tweets were included, and data preprocessing was performed to remove irrelevant tweets, duplicates, and retweets. Both tweets and Twitter users were manually classified into various groups based on the content. Each tweet underwent sentiment analysis and was classified as either positive, neutral, or negative.

Results
A total of 13,135 tweets related to thyroid cancer were analyzed. The authors of the tweets included patients with thyroid cancer (3225 tweets, 24.6%), patient’s families and friends (2449 tweets, 18.6%), medical journals and media (1733 tweets, 13.2%), health care professionals (1093 tweets, 8.3%), and medical health organizations (940 tweets, 7.2%), respectively. The most discussed topics related to living with cancer (3650 tweets, 27.8%), treatment (2891 tweets, 22%), diagnosis (1613 tweets, 12.3%), risk factors and prevention (1137 tweets, 8.7%), and research (953 tweets, 7.3%). An average of 36 tweets pertaining to thyroid cancer were posted daily. Notably, the release of a film addressing thyroid cancer and the public disclosure of a news reporter’s personal diagnosis of thyroid cancer resulted in a significant escalation in the volume of tweets. From the sentiment analysis, 53.5% (7025/13,135) of tweets were classified as neutral statements and 32.7% (4299/13,135) of tweets expressed negative emotions. Tweets from patients with thyroid cancer had the highest proportion of negative emotion (1385/3225 tweets, 42.9%), particularly when discussing symptoms.

Conclusions
This study provides new insights on using Twitter data as a valuable data source to understand the experiences of patients with thyroid cancer. Twitter may provide an opportunity to improve patient and physician engagement or apply as a potential research data source.
Genetic Identification of Two Mudskipper Species (Oxudercidae: <i>Periophthalmus</i>) from Kulon Progo, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Febriyanti Diana , Aji Katon Waskito , Priyono Dwi Sendi , Arisuryanti Tuty 
Published: August 2023

Mudskippers are commonly cryptic species, making identification based solely on morphological characteristics challenging. This study used the DNA barcoding method to identify mudskipper species based on the COI mitochondrial gene. The analysis revealed two distinct species, P. kalolo (20 samples) and P. argentilineatus (3 samples) with high GC contents ranging from 42.94-45.2%. The genetic divergence analysis of P. kalolo showed that they divided into two clades, while P. argentilineatus is divided into three clades with two of the clades (C and D) still conspecific groups, and those two clades with clade E exhibit a genetic distance greater than 3.5%, suggesting the presence of cryptic species. These findings provide valuable insights into the intraspecies genetic diversity of mudskippers in Indonesia, which could have essential implications for conservation efforts and highlight the potential of DNA barcoding as a powerful tool for the identification of cryptic species. Further research combining molecular and morphological identification could lead to a more comprehensive understanding of species identification and help address the challenges posed by cryptic species.
Biostratigraphy and Climate Change in the Late Miocene Age Based on Foraminifera in the Oyo Formation, Oyo River Section, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Authors: Ulfah Adesti Audina , Akmaluddin Akmaluddin , Barianto Didit Hadi 
Published: August 2023

The date of the paleoclimate event was ascertained using a biostratigraphic analysis. The thickness of the Oyo Formation was measured using measurements with a Jacob stick method, yielding a thickness of 80.8 meters and 23 rock samples. In the Southern Mountains Zone, new result of the age of the upper part of the Oyo Formation by biostratigraphy investigation of the hill Late Miocene (9.79 Ma to 5.78 Ma). Biostratigraphic investigation in the Oyo River revealed 28 species and 9 genera, with two datums. The study area was classified into three biozonations based on the datum found Globorotalia acostaensis/M13a/N16 zone, the lower Globorotalia plesiotumida/M13b/N17 zone, and the upper Globigerinoides conglobatus/M14/N17 zone. The results of a paleoclimate analysis on the Oyo River Section show a general cooling tendency in the study area. Seven paleoclimate zones can be determined from these trends consisting of four warm and three cold zones. Zone I (warm), zone II (cold), zone III (warm), and zone IV (cold) have the coldest peak in the study region in 8.3 Ma, zone V (warm), and zone VI (cold), followed by zone VII (warm). Based on the correlation with other studies (South China Sea, Pacific Ocean, Oyo River, Ngalang River, and Ngioro Section), paleoclimate events in the study area occur globally.
Pengaruh Setting OCR Terhadap Arc Flash Saat Short Circuit Penyulang AK19 Substation Diesel PT KDL
Authors: Maulana Muhammad , Sulistyono Sulistyono , Farsa Fadhli 
Published: August 2023

Arc Flash adalah pelepasan energi yang disebabkan oleh arus gangguan atau arching fault ataupun bolted fault yang dapat dipicu oleh kelembaban, kegagalan isolasi, human error, serta kegagalan mekanik. PT. Krakatau Daya Listrik (PT KDL) bergerak di bidang pembangkitan dan pendistribusian listrik di Kawasan Industri Krakatau. Salah satu gangguan yang sering terjadi pada jaringan distribusi di PT KDL adalah gangguan yang diakibatkan oleh busur api (arc flash). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Setting OCR terhadap arc flash saat terjadi short circuit di Panel AK19 Substation Diesel PT KDL pada tegangan 20kV. Analisis data penelitian ini mengacu pada standard IEEE 1584 - 2002 dan Metode Ralph Lee kemudian disimulasikan dengan software ETAP Power Station menggunakan data aktual lapangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan Fault Clearing Time (FCT) memberikan perubahan yang cukup signifikan terhadap besarnya arc flash yang ditimbulkan ketika terjadi gangguan hubung singkat 3 fasa. Insiden energi (E) arc flash pada penelitian ini yaitu 58,35 Cal/cm2 dengan FCT sebesar 0,3 s pada panel 20 kV, dan insiden energi yang dihasilkan analisa paling kecil yaitu 5,8 Cal/cm2 dengan FCT sebesar 0,03 s. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa semakin cepat FCT maka besar insiden energi arc flash yang terjadi semakin kecil, sebaliknya semakin besar atau semakin lama FCT maka semakin besar insiden arc flash yang terjadi. Gangguan hubung singkat ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh perhitungan besar energi arc flash dan jarak batas perlindungan. Berdasarkan tabel Hazard Risk Category (HRC) diketahui bahwa semakin cepat FCT maka semakin kecil kategori Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) sesuai standard NFPA 70E 2018.
IMPLEMENTASI EKONOMI SYARIAH PADA MODEL BISNIS APLIKASI GO JEK
Authors: Wijaya Rahmat Guna 
Published: August 2023

The digital economy is one of the things that marked the development and economic growth in the future, characterized by increasingly rapid development of business or trade transactions using the internet service as a medium to communicate, collaboration and cooperation between companies or individuals.
In the development of the digital economy in Indonesia at this time, obtained the fact of the existence of the implementation principle profit and lost sharing. in accordance with the Islamic economic system brought in Islamic civilization. A trading business like that run between the company Go Jek, investor, investors, and the drivers Go Jek who runs a shuttle transportation service of people, goods and services with the use of information technology in the application system internet network. As for the principle for the results is done in accordance with the rules of Sharia in the economic system of Islam is the use of mudharabah and musyarakah contract. Mudharabah and musyarakah is business model with sharing or partnerships between two or more parties to run businesses.