bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE SOFT TRIANGLE TENSION GRAFT
Authors: Ghavami Ashkan , Vranis Neil M. , Villanueva Nathaniel L. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction–
Rhinoplasty surgeons often rely on tip grafting in order to add volume in the infratip, mid-tip or supratip areas. The author has developed a novel tip graft, from the repurposed, pliable cephalic margins of the lower lateral cartilage lateral crura. The main purpose of the soft triangle tension graft (STTG) is to control tip tension of the medial crura, buttress the soft triangles and add a small degree of volume to the tip.

Methods–
A retrospective review was conducted identifying all patients where the STTG was utilized. Basic demographics, operative reports and complications were recorded.

Results–
The STTG was utilized in fifty-eight patients. Fifty-three were female with an average age of 33 years old (range: 22 to 45 years of age) and average follow-up time of 12 months (range: 8 to 24 months). No postoperative complications – including graft malposition, migration, palpability, visibility, infection, alar notching, surgical revisions -were evident on follow up.

Conclusion–
The novel STTG focuses on buttressing and controlling tension between the two medial crura and soft triangles rather than simply adding volume to the tip. The soft, pliable nature of the graft enables versatility which can be used even in thin skin patients with a favorable safety profile.
Assessing the Association Between Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents and Parkinson Disease: Insights From the Korean National Health Insurance Service Database
Authors: Kim Cherry , Kim Chohee , Tae Bum Sik , Kwon Do-Young , Lee Young Hen 
Published: January 2025

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the association between the use of linear and macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) and the subsequent development of Parkinson disease (PD).

Methods
In this retrospective cohort study, data were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, comprising 1,038,439 individuals. From this population, 175,125 adults aged 40 to 60 years with no history of brain disease were identified. All patients including 3835 who were administered GBCA at least once were monitored until 2022 for the onset of PD. Propensity score (PS) matching was employed to compare the incidence of PD between those exposed to GBCAs (either linear or macrocyclic) and those not exposed (no-GBCA group).

Results
The final cohort consisted of 1175 subjects exposed to linear GBCAs, 2334 exposed to macrocyclic GBCAs, and 171,616 unexposed to any GBCA (no-GBCA group). After PS matching, PD incidence was significantly higher in the linear GBCA group compared with the no-GBCA group (0.9% vs 0.0%, P = 0.002) and was also significantly higher in the macrocyclic GBCA group than in the no-GBCA group (0.5% vs 0.04%, P = 0.003). No significant difference in PD incidence was observed between the linear and macrocyclic GBCA groups.

Conclusions
Exposure to GBCAs was linked to an increased risk of developing PD in this large population-based study. The risk of PD did not differ significantly between linear and macrocyclic GBCAs.
Simple Approach to Cosmetic Medial Epicanthoplasty
Authors: Kim Ju Hee , Kim Hyungsuk 
Published: January 2025

Background
The medial epicanthal fold is a common ethnic trait in East Asian faces, and there is a significant demand for its correction for cosmetic reasons. Numerous epicanthoplasty techniques have been proposed; however, visible scarring and unnatural canthal shapes have been challenges. This study aimed to introduce a simpler approach for medial epicanthoplasty to address these issues and evaluate its outcomes.

Methods
From January 2020 to October 2023, 199 patients who were followed up for more than 6 months and had no history of prior medial epicanthoplasty were included in the study. The intercanthal distance (ICD) was measured from preoperative and recent medical photographs, and the ratio of the ICD to the corneal diameter was calculated for magnification correction. Postoperative complications and patient-reported aesthetic outcomes were evaluated.

Results
The medial epicanthoplasty techniques used were the elliptical excision method in 94 patients and the mini-redraping method in 105 patients. The average follow-up period was 10.8 months. The ICD measurements demonstrated a statistically significant reduction after surgery in both groups. In the elliptical excision group, 14 patients (14.9%) reported dissatisfaction with their surgical outcomes. Two patients had prominent medial vertical scars, and 12 patients reported undercorrection. In the mini-redraping group, only 4 patients reported dissatisfaction with the surgical outcome (3.8%), all owing to undercorrection. No significant postoperative complications were observed in either group.

Conclusions
With the mini-redraping method, the medial epicanthal fold can be effectively addressed with minimal complications while achieving the natural shape and symmetry of both canthi in a straightforward manner.
Closed-loop ventilation and oxygenation with decision support fluid resuscitation to treat major burn injury with smoke induced acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Kakizaki Ryuichiro , Fukuda Satoshi , Liu Keibun , Nakamoto Kan , Batsaikhan Tsend-Ayush , Khan Muzna N. , Branson Richard D. , Kinsky Michael P. , Enkhbaatar Perenlei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The understanding of the interaction of closed-loop control of ventilation and oxygenation, specifically fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and fluid resuscitation after burn injury and acute lung injury from smoke inhalation is limited. We compared the effectiveness of FiO2, PEEP, and ventilation adjusted automatically using adaptive support ventilation (ASV) and decision support fluid resuscitation based on urine output in a clinically relevant conscious ovine model of lung injury secondary to combined smoke inhalation and major burn injury.

Methods
Sheep were subjected to burn and smoke inhalation injury under deep anesthesia and analgesia. After injury, sheep were randomly allocated to two groups. 1) Closed-loop group: automated mechanical ventilation (ASV), oxygen FiO2 and PEEP (n = 9); and 2) Control group: mechanically ventilated with standard ASV mode (n = 8). FiO2, PEEP, and the percentage of the minute volume (%MV) were automatically adjusted in group 1, whereas PEEP was held at 5 cmH2O, and FiO2 and %MV were manually adjusted in group 2. Decision support fluid resuscitation was guided based on urine output. Cardiopulmonary hemodynamics were monitored for 48 h.

Results
There were no differences in body weight and the severity of smoke injury between the two groups. The Closed-loop group resulted in significantly higher PEEP, %MV, static lung compliance, and survival rate; the driving pressure was significantly lower compared to the Control group. In the Closed-loop group, the net fluid balance at 48 h was significantly greater than in the Control group.

Conclusion
Closed-loop ventilation and oxygenation with decision support fluid resuscitation improve lung mechanics and survival in sheep with combined burn and smoke inhalation. There were no negative interactions observed between automated PEEP control and fluid management.
The disadvantage of having a big mouth: the relationship between insect body size and microplastic ingestion
Authors: Ritchie M.W. , McColville E.R. , Mills J.E. , Provencher J.F. , Bertram S.M. , MacMillan H.A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlastic pollution is ubiquitous, and animals are exposed to diverse plastic shapes and sizes. When plastics enter natural environments, they break down into microplastics (MPs; <5 mm) and likely become more accessible to smaller animals. Insects play critical environmental and economic roles, ingest plastics in the wild, and can physically degrade ingested MPs into smaller and more harmful nanoplastics. While particle size and body size undoubtedly impact plastic ingestion, we have no predictive understanding of how these factors interact to influence which plastics are a threat to which animals. To uncover these potential interactions, we studied how a model cricket species (Gryllodes sigillatus) interacts with plastics of differing sizes throughout a twentyfold change in body size during growth and development. We fed crickets a range of MP sizes of 38 to 500 µm with clearly defined particle size thresholds. We investigated whether crickets would avoid MPs when given a choice and found that they do not; instead they gradually began to consume more of the plastic diet over time. We then studied how MP ingestion is influenced by body size and mouth size, and the extent of breakdown that occurs once MPs are ingested. We found that crickets would only consume whole beads when their mouth size was larger than the MP. While small MPs were more likely to be excreted whole, larger MPs were more extensively broken down as crickets grew. We conclude that crickets do not exhibit avoidance behaviour towards plastic and ingest it once a particle can be consumed whole. These effects of insect behaviour and body size on the likelihood of plastic ingestion and the degree to which MPs are degraded have important implications for regulating the size classes of plastic particles entering natural environments and how plastics move through those environments once discarded.
Transfusion of allogenic murine HOD red blood cells preferentially induces low-affinity, short-lived IgG antibodies that are germinal center independent
Authors: Medved Jelena , Arneja Abhinav , Moscovich Tamara C. , Shah Neha , Muppidi Rachel J. , Burnett Emily D. , Boscia Alexis R. , Hester Benjamin N. , Maram Jayati , Raghavan Rishi , Ireland Selby A. , Berberian Margaret B. , Stern-Green Elizabeth A. , Kodali Aditi S. , Niebuhr Conrad S. , Salazar Juan E. , Santhanakrishnan Manjula , Hudson Krystalyn E. , Zimring James C. , Hendrickson Jeanne E. , Luckey Chance John 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTransfusion-induced anti-red blood cell (RBC) alloantibodies pose a significant risk to patients who require chronic transfusions. Anti-RBC alloantibodies can be remarkably short-lived (i.e. evanescent), leading to clinically relevant alloantibodies that are not detected in later pre-transfusion antibody screens. Subsequent transfusion of alloantigen-positive RBCs stimulates a rapid memory antibody response that may induce a delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR), causing morbidity and occasional mortality in chronically transfused patients. It is unclear why transfusions favor evanescent antibody responses over long-lived antibodies typically observed upon infections and vaccinations. We therefore turned to the HOD mouse model of RBC alloimmunization to elucidate regulators of antibody persistence in response to allogenic transfusions. By following antibody responses over time in transfused mice, we found that HOD-specific alloantibodies rapidly decay within three months while vaccination-induced antibodies remain constant. Thus, the HOD model recapitulates RBC antibody evanescence. The rapid antibody evanescence suggests that transfusion is a poor inducer of germinal centers (GCs), specialized immunological structures where B cells differentiate into germinal center B (GC B) cells and undergo iterative rounds of affinity maturation, ultimately differentiating into long-lived plasma cells that can produce antibodies for decades. Consistent with this hypothesis, we failed to observe an increase in GC B cell formation in response to transfusion, and the majority of anti-RBC alloantibodies were low affinity when compared to vaccination. To formally test the functional requirement for GCs in anti-RBC alloantibody production, we employed two orthogonal approaches to disrupt GC formation: i) day 4 CD40L blockade and ii) genetic disruption of the GC-transcription factor BCL6 selectively in B cells. Both approaches fully blocked GC formation, yet anti-RBC alloantibody production was unchanged. Collectively, our data demonstrate that anti-HOD RBC alloantibodies are GC-independent, low affinity and short-lived. The GC-independence of HOD RBC IgG responses has important implications for understanding the cellular and molecular pathways that regulate the humoral immune response to transfused RBCs, potentially explaining anti-RBC alloantibody evanescence patterns in patients.
Using landscape biodiversity metrics to assess rewilding: a space-for-time comparison between the Knepp Estate and an agricultural baseline at Boothby Wildland
Authors: Pates NJ , Boyce BB , Crawley MJ , de Klee Ivan , Green Penny , Hodge Josh A , Estrada Catalina , Loughlin Eimear K , Learmonth Rona , Moye Thomas J , Pearce Saskia IL , Sherlock Megan , Pearse William D 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe biodiversity crisis is often framed in terms of the reduction of species found at a site: a (alpha) diversity. However, changes in species composition across a landscape – b (beta) diversity – caused by biotic homogenisation are part of the same crisis. Much biotic homogenisation in British terrestrial landscapes in the post-war period (1945 onwards) has been driven by agricultural conversion and intensification. Restoration efforts must therefore contend with restoring agricultural land to some desired state, and rewilding has emerged as a potential solution to this problem.Here we quantify rewilding success by comparing a- and b-diversity of plant assemblages across two study systems in different stages of rewilding. Boothby Wildland is an arable farm recently given over to rewilding, while the Knepp Estate is an ex-arable and dairy farm currently >20 years into rewilding. We assessed a-diversity within, and b- diversity across, these two landscapes using 3 years of plant survey data (2022-2024).We confirmed expected differences between a baseline and rewilded landscape and explored the changes in a brand new rewilded landscape in its early years of progress. As expected, the plant community at the Knepp Estate is relatively stable while that of Boothby Wildland is changing rapidly, and we discuss the landscape impacts of different herbivory regimes on recovery.Synthesis and applications.We also show that spatial metrics for SESMPD and SESMNTD can distinguish between a rewilded and degraded landscape. This suggests that changes in the structure of biodiversity across landscapes can be quantified using analyses that account for spatial structure in metrics. We call for further research to see if a spatial approach of this kind can be used as a general metric of success in rewilding.
Prenatal cannabinoid exposure affects central cardiorespiratory control in young male and female rats
Authors: Patrone Luis Gustavo A. , Karlen-Amarante Marlusa , Gargaglioni Luciane H. , Zoccal Daniel B. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCannabis use among pregnant women is rising globally, mainly for recreational and medical reasons to relieve symptoms like nausea, vomiting, anxiety, and insomnia. This trend is reinforced by the misconception that its natural origin guarantees safety, along with government policies promoting legalization. However, exposure to cannabinoidsin uterocan impact normal offspring’s neurodevelopment and induce malfunctioning of various physiological systems, including the cardiorespiratory function. The present study investigated whether prenatal cannabinoid exposure disrupts the generation and control of autonomic and respiratory activities in early adulthood. Usingin situpreparations of juvenile male and female rats (27-28 days old) exposed to a synthetic cannabinoid (WIN 55,212-2; 0.5 mg/kg/day, n=4-9) or vehicle (n=3-10) during gestation, we analyzed the activity of nerves innervating respiratory muscles and blood vessels. We noticed that females receiving WIN prenatally exhibited a reduced excitatory drive (post-inspiratory activity, post-I) to laryngeal muscles under resting conditions, suggesting impaired control of upper airway patency. Moreover, males and females exposed to WIN displayed reduced post-I and abdominal expiratory motor activities during stimulation of carotid body chemoreceptors (mimicking low oxygen situations) or exposure to high carbon dioxide levels, indicating an inability to mount appropriate reflex respiratory motor responses during blood gas disturbances. In addition, WIN-treated males showed attenuated sympathoexcitatory responses to carotid body activation or hypercapnia, evidencing a limited capacity to promote sympathetic-mediated hemodynamic changes. Thus, manipulating the fetal endocannabinoid system impacts the development of networks controlling respiratory and autonomic functions, leading to negative, long-term consequences for ventilation and cardiovascular function.
Binding affinities for 2D protein dimerization benefit from enthalpic stabilization
Authors: Jhaveri Adip , Chhibber Smriti , Kulkarni Nandan , Johnson Margaret E 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe binding free energy between a protein dimer and its unbound monomers is primarily quantified in solution (3D), but several classes of soluble proteins, including those containing BAR domains, can also reversibly dimerize while bound to a membrane surface (2D). This 2D assembly process cannot be assigned the same free energy as in 3D due to restrictions to orientational motion and translation normal to the surface. The resulting ratio of dissociation constants,, defines a lengthscale that is essential for determining whether dimerization is more favorable in solution or on the membrane surface. We show here using Molecular Dynamics simulations that changes to configurational sampling of even moderately flexible proteins can significantly alter the free energy landscape from 3D to 2D via not only the expected entropic restrictions, but due to enthalpic gains in the 2D bound ensemble. We simulated homodimerization between BAR-domain containing proteins in three distinct environments: in solution (3D), when bound to a lipid bilayer (2D), and when fully solvated but restrained to a pseudomembrane (2D). The free energy surfaces of both 2D systems are highly distinct from the 3D FES, selecting significantly better for the specific bound structure. We show that this is driven by stabilization of a new ensemble of monomer configurations that result in more enthalpically stable dimers states. Remarkably, performing this same procedure for a distinct parameterization of the BAR domain dimer shows much better agreement between the 3D and 2D FES, and this is supported by overall similarities in the enthalpies in both environments, highlighting the dependence of the FES on molecular structures. Withratios calculated here in the nanometer and lower regime for both dimers, at physiologic volume-to-surface-area ratios these proteins will both produce substantially more dimers on the membrane, which evolutionarily agrees with their function as membrane remodelers.
Intersecting Transcriptomic Landscapes of Hypertension and Kidney Function in African American Women
Authors: Abbas Malak , Martin Pamela , Lindsey Merry , Bennett Eric S. , Brown Thomas L. , Nzerue Chike , Williams Clintoria R. , Gaye Amadou 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundHypertension is a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and disproportionately affects African American women, contributing to disparities in kidney health outcomes. The biological mechanisms connecting hypertension to reduced kidney function, particularly in understudied populations, remain poorly understood. This study leverages transcriptomic analyses to uncover shared molecular signatures associated with hypertension and kidney function, focusing on female-specific profiles.MethodsThe study analyzed whole-blood mRNA sequencing data from a cohort of 344 African American women, divided equally into discovery (n = 172) and validation (n = 172) datasets, along with 147 African American men. Differential expression (DE) analyses were performed to identify mRNAs associated with hypertension and kidney function (measured as eGFR). Female-specific findings were determined by comparing results between females and males. Pathway enrichment analyses were subsequently conducted to link the identified mRNAs to key biological mechanisms.ResultsComparative analyses revealed unique transcriptomic profiles in females, underscoring the role of sex-specific factors in disease progression. DE analyses identified 95 female-specific genes associated with both hypertension and eGFR. Subsequent pathway enrichment analysis with the 95 genes revealed key pathways related to fibrosis, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and endothelial dysfunction. The list of 95 includes TGF-β1 and PNPLA2 implicated in fibrotic and metabolic dysregulation, and immune system players such as IL32 and TNFSF12 that amplify inflammation and kidney injury.ConclusionsThis study provides novel insights into the transcriptomic mechanisms underlying hypertension and kidney function in African American women. The findings emphasize the importance of addressing sex-specific and population-specific molecular mechanisms to inform precision medicine approaches and reduce health disparities hypertension-related impaired kidney function. Future research should prioritize experimental validation and longitudinal studies to further elucidate these pathways.
Oral-stomach sampling to replace rumen-fistulated animals in ruminant nutrition research - a case study
Authors: Boudon A. , Kwiatkowski D. , Niderkorn V. , Forano E. , Nozière P. , Silberberg M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStudies using fistulated ruminants have shed light on digestion and fermentation in the rumen and yielded tools to determine the feed efficiency of diets, limit effluents or anticipate variability in the quality of animal products. However, the ethical acceptability of such studies has been called into question. Our objective was to determine whether oral-stomach sampling (OSS) is an acceptable alternative to sampling through a ruminal cannula in characterizing the variability of rumen fluid composition induced by an acidogenic dietary challenge in dairy cows. During three four-week periods (P1, P2, P3), six rumen-fistulated cows were fed a standard diet based on supplemented corn silage (periods 1 and 3) alternating with a diet enriched with starch (period 2). Rumen juice was collected through cannulas at three locations in the rumen (reticulum, ventral sac or a mix of both) and by OSS, once per week at 0830 h, i.e. before morning feeding, and once every third week of each period at 1330 h, i.e. 4.5 hours after morning feeding. Whatever the sampling method or location, ruminal pH was lower in period 2 compared to periods 1 and 3 at 1330 h (6.21 vs. 5.57 vs. 6.12 in periods 1, 2 and 3). Ruminal pH was higher when obtained by OSS rather than cannulation, whatever the sampling location (on average, +0.44 points at 0830 h and +0.56 points at 1330 h). Mineral composition indicated a presumed dilution by saliva of OSS samples. This was also consistent with lower concentrations of volatile fatty acids. The next steps will be to analyze the associated variations in in vitro rumen fermentation parameters and microbiota composition.ImplicationsThe use of fistulated ruminants to elucidate ruminal physiology is currently controversial in society. In order to minimise, reduce or replace these experimental models, alternatives to ruminal fistula sampling are being evaluated. Here we focus on oral stomach sampling (OSS). We show that OSS can be a satisfactory alternative to cannula sampling in the evaluation of rumen fermentation parameters, especially for the molar proportion of volatile fatty acids, rumen pH, and rumen volatile fatty acid and ammonia concentrations. We also show that OSS must be standardized to avoid salivary contamination affecting the quality of the results.