bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrapment of Hypervolatiles in Interstellar and Cometary H2O and CO2 Ice Analogs
Authors: Simon Alexia , Rajappan Mahesh , Öberg Karin I. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Planets and planetesimals acquire their volatiles through ice and gas accretion in protoplanetary disks. In these disks, the division of volatile molecules between the condensed and gaseous phases determines the quantity of volatiles accreted by planets in different regions of the disk. This division can be strongly affected by entrapment of volatiles into less volatile ice matrices, resulting in different radial profiles of common volatiles and elemental ratios than would otherwise be expected. In this study we use laboratory experiments to explore the ability of abundant interstellar and cometary ice matrices, i.e., H2O and CO2, to trap the hypervolatiles 13CO, 12CH4, 15N2, and Ar. We measure entrapment efficiencies through temperature programmed desorption for two ice thicknesses (10 and 50 monolayers) and two mixing ratios (3:1 and 10:1) for each matrix:volatile combination. We find that ice entrapment efficiencies increase with ice thickness and ice mixing ratio to a maximum of ∼65% for all hypervolatiles. Entrapment efficiencies are comparable for all hypervolatiles, and for the two ice matrices. We further find that the entrapment efficiency is relatively insensitive to the ice deposition temperature between 10 and 30 K with the possible exception of CH4 in CO2 ice. Together these results suggest that hypervolatile entrapment at low temperatures (<30 K) is a remarkably robust and species-independent process.
The Classification of Galaxy Morphology in the H Band of the COSMOS-DASH Field: A Combination-based Machine-learning Clustering Model
Authors: Dai 代 Yao 瑶 , Xu 徐 Jun 骏 , Song 宋 Jie 杰 , Fang 方 Guanwen 官文 , Zhou 周 Chichun 池春 , Ba 巴 Shuo 朔 , Gu 顾 Yizhou 一舟 , Lin 林 Zesen 泽森 , Kong 孔 Xu 旭 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
By applying our previously developed two-step scheme for galaxy morphology classification, we present a catalog of galaxy morphology for H-band-selected massive galaxies in the COSMOS-DASH field, which includes 17,292 galaxies with stellar mass M
⋆ > 1010
M
⊙ at 0.5 < z < 2.5. The classification scheme is designed to provide a complete morphology classification for galaxies via a combination of two machine-learning steps. We first use an unsupervised machine-learning method (i.e., bagging-based multiclustering) to cluster galaxies into five categories: spherical (SPH), early-type disk, late-type disk, irregular (IRR), and unclassified. About 48% of the galaxies (8258/17,292) are successfully clustered during this step. For the remaining sample, we adopt a supervised machine-learning method (i.e., GoogLeNet) to classify them, during which galaxies that are well classified in the previous step are taken as our training set. Consequently, we obtain a morphology classification result for the full sample. The t-SNE test shows that galaxies in our sample can be well aggregated. We also measure the parametric and nonparametric morphologies of these galaxies. We find that the Sérsic index increases from IRR to SPH and the effective radius decreases from IRR to SPH, consistent with the corresponding definitions. Galaxies from different categories are separately distributed in the G–M
20 space. Such consistencies with other characteristic descriptions of galaxy morphology demonstrate the reliability of our classification result, ensuring that it can be used as a basic catalog for further galaxy studies.
Homogenizing SOHO/EIT and SDO/AIA 171 Å Images: A Deep-learning Approach
Authors: Chatterjee Subhamoy , Muñoz-Jaramillo Andrés , Dayeh Maher A. , Bain Hazel M. , Moreland Kimberly 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) images of the Sun are becoming an integral part of space weather prediction tasks. However, having different surveys requires the development of instrument-specific prediction algorithms. As an alternative, it is possible to combine multiple surveys to create a homogeneous data set. In this study, we utilize the temporal overlap of Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Telescope and Solar Dynamics Observatory Atmospheric Imaging Assembly 171 Å surveys to train an ensemble of deep-learning models for creating a single homogeneous survey of EUV images for two solar cycles. Prior applications of deep learning have focused on validating the homogeneity of the output while overlooking the systematic estimation of uncertainty. We use an approach called “approximate Bayesian ensembling” to generate an ensemble of models whose uncertainty mimics that of a fully Bayesian neural network at a fraction of the cost. We find that ensemble uncertainty goes down as the training set size increases. Additionally, we show that the model ensemble adds immense value to the prediction by showing higher uncertainty in test data that are not well represented in the training data.
A Dynamically Distinct Stellar Population in the Leading Arm of the Sagittarius Stream
Authors: Kang Gwibong , Lee Young Sun , Kim Young Kwang , Beers Timothy C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present a chemical and dynamical analysis of the leading arm (LA) and trailing arm (TA) of the Sagittarius (Sgr) stream, as well as for the Sgr dwarf galaxy core (SC), using red giant branch, main-sequence, and RR Lyrae stars from large spectroscopic survey data. The different chemical properties among the LA, TA, and SC generally agree with recent studies and can be understood by a radial metallicity gradient established in the progenitor of the Sgr dwarf, followed by preferential stellar stripping from the outer part of the Sgr progenitor. One striking finding is a relatively larger fraction of low-eccentricity stars (e < 0.4) in the LA than in the TA and SC. The TA and SC exhibit very similar distributions. Considering that a tidal tail stripped off from a dwarf galaxy maintains the orbital properties of its progenitor, we expect that the e-distribution of the LA should be similar to that of the TA and SC. Thus, the disparate behavior of the e-distribution of the LA is of particular interest. Following the analysis of Vasiliev et al., we attempt to explain the different e-distribution by introducing a time-dependent perturbation of the Milky Way by the Large Magellanic Cloud's (LMC) gravitational pull, resulting in substantial evolution of the angular momentum of the LA stars to produce the low-e stars. In addition, we confirm from RR Lyrae stars with high eccentricity (e > 0.6) that the TA stars farther away from the SC are also affected by disturbances from the LMC.
De la honte à l’arrogance dans la psychose maniaco-dépressive et le travail culturel
Authors: Pascal Jean-Brice 
Published: September 2023

La clinique psychiatrique de la psychose maniaco-dépressive est désormais diluée dans lesdits troubles bipolaires. Que ce soit du côté maniaque ou du côté mélancolique, l’arrogance est un symptôme manifeste de ce type de structure psychique. Elle est l’artefact d’un affect oublié par les premiers chercheurs de la psychanalyse : la honte. D’ailleurs, S. Freud avait hypothésé qu’elle faisait défaut au mélancolique. Il sera montré deux idées : l’arrogance est une honte économiquement transformée, participant au tissage qu’entretient la subjectivité au social ; elle est aussi dépendante d’une progrédience du travail culturel au côté de la pulsion de mort.
Characteristics and Correlation Analysis of Negative Emotions, Quality of Life, and Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Lung Cancer after Surgery
Authors: Zhang Cong-Meng , Gu Yi-Feng , Shen Sheng-Ping , Wang Yi-Chao , Qi Ao , Su Ling-Zi , Yao Jia-Lin , Li Jia-Qi , Yang Wen-Xiao , Wang Qin , Jiao Li-Jing , Qin Xiong , Gong Ya-Bin , Xu Ling 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
The objective of the study was to observe and analyze the characteristics of negative emotions and quality of life (QoL) in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from 1 to 3 months after surgery, and summarize their population characteristics after surgery.

Materials and Methods:
The consolidation rehabilitation period was defined as 1 to 3 months after surgery. The main observation indicators were the general Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Core QoL Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30), and EORTC QLQ-Lung Cancer-13. The secondary observation indicators were peripheral blood cytokines and immune function indicators. Statistical methods such as one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression were used to analyze the characteristics of this part of the population.

Results:
Among patients who underwent lung surgery, the overall incidence of anxiety during consolidation recovery was 13.66%, and that of depression was 10.38%. The scores of fatigue, pain, dyspnea, insomnia, and loss of appetite were significantly higher than those of other symptoms (P = 0.000). The presence of anxiety was associated with the site of surgery (P < 0.05) and the presence of depression was associated with emotional functioning and dyspnea (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The occurrence of negative emotions in the postoperative NSCLC population is related to gender, and the degree of emotions is negatively correlated with QoL and positively correlated with the degree of symptoms. The main relevant syndromes are the pulmonary and meridian categories.
Do Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width Have An Association with White Matter Hyperintensities in Migraine Patients?
Authors: Iyigundogdu Ilkin , Derle Eda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Increased prevalence of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) is reported in migraine patients; however, the pathophysiology and the progression of these lesions are not definitely clear. Mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) are easily obtained markers for platelet activity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the presence of WMH and MPV and PDW in patients with migraine in order to determine the role of platelet activity in the pathophysiology of WMH.

Methods:
Patients who were admitted to the neurology outpatient clinics of Baskent University Hospital from January 2011 to December 2015 with migraine and between 18 and 55 years of age were evaluated retrospectively. The blood samples were taken and total blood count parameters including MPV and PDW were analyzed. Brain magnetic resonance images were evaluated.

Results:
Totally, 218 patients were evaluated in this study. Forty-eight (22.0%) patients had WMH in the brain magnetic resonance imaging. In patients with WMH, the median of age was higher than the patients without WMH and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between MPV, PDW values, and the presence of WMH.

Conclusions:
There are multiple theories suggested for the mechanism of WMH, but the major cause and pathophysiology are still undetermined. Our data suggested that increased platelet activity is insufficient by itself to explain the pathophysiology of WMH in migraine patients and to improve the knowledge on this issue further large longitudinal studies should be performed.
Association of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio with Prognosis in Sepsis – An Observational Study from a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Thakran Birjesh Kumar , Chahar Yogesh Kumar , Jain Shikha , Jain Sundeep 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
This study aims to determine the association of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, ventilator use, duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and mortality among patients with sepsis.

Methods:
This prospective observational study included 220 patients with sepsis admitted to the ICU. Details such as age, gender, comorbidities, complaints, SOFA score, diagnosis, and outcomes were collected. Routine investigations included complete blood count, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin. NLR was derived using the Beckman Coulter DXH-800 Hematology Analyser. A cutoff of 9.11 was taken as high NLR. Patients were followed up till 28 days after treatment. The outcomes studied included 28-day mortality and ICU stay.

Results:
The mean SOFA score were 7.07 ± 2.56. Based on NLR cutoffs, 146 (66.36%) patients had high NLR while 74 (33.64%) cases had normal or low NLR. SOFA score showed no significant association with high NLR (P = 0.62). Ventilator was used in 118 (53.6%) cases with median of 3.5 days’ duration. The overall ICU stay was 5.6 ± 4.9 days. Mortality was seen in 46 (20.9%) cases. Compared to those with normal NLR, patients with high NLR had significantly more ventilator use (60.9% vs. 39.1%, P = 0.0027) and mortality (30.14% vs. 2.7%, P = 0.0004). The duration of ventilator use and ICU stay was statistically comparable.

Conclusion:
High NLR shows a significant association with adverse outcomes of sepsis patients in terms of ventilator use and mortality. Since it is cheap and easy to use, it can be applied in more basic settings while monitoring sepsis patients.
Estimation of Risk and Proportion of Coronary Artery Disease in People Living with HIV/AIDS in Indian Setting: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sharma Anmol , Sagar Amitabh , Singh Navreet 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the Framingham Risk Score as well as the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA) male patients, in an Indian setting.

Design:
This descriptive pilot study was conducted in a multispecialty hospital which is a reference center for HIV/AIDS.

Materials and Methods:
The study included 50 HIV-positive male patients who underwent basic biochemical analysis, namely lipid profile, blood sugar (fasting), electrocardiogram, CD4 count along with basic personal history (including smoking habits and lifestyle), course of disease progression, and drug history. All were subjected to a two-dimensional echocardiogram and treadmill test (TMT). Subjects with a positive TMT underwent a confirmatory stress thallium/coronary angiography. Framingham Risk Scores were calculated, using standard scoring charts. Standard protocol forms were made for each patient.

Results:
The median diagnosed duration of HIV disease was 2.8 years (range: 0.5–7 years). The median 10-year risk of CAD (as calculated from the Framingham scores) was 1%. Major contributing risk factors were dyslipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension and were found to be greater as compared to published literature. Four patients had positive TMT, but all four had a negative, coronary angiogram.

Conclusions:
Biological plausibility suggests that CAD may be more common in PLHA due to the chronic inflammatory nature of the disease and the effects of the dyslipidemia effect of ART; however, our pilot study with the limitations could not substantiate this.
Transphyseal Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Adolescent Athletes Provides Good Functional Outcomes
Authors: Gupta Ravi , Kapoor Anil , Masih Gladson David , Vashisht Deepam , Mehat Rohil 
Published: September 2023

Background:
In adolescent athletes, the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is still a topic of debate. The present study aimed to evaluate the functional outcomes and complications of transphyseal ACL reconstruction (ACLR) in adolescent athletes.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-four athletes who underwent transphyseal ACLR using a hamstring tendon graft participated in this study. Functional outcomes (Lysholm and Tegner activity score) and potential complications (graft rupture, angular deformity [AD], or limb length discrepancy) after transphyseal ACLR were assessed at the final follow-up.

Results:
The average age at the time of the surgery was 13.1 ± 0.8 years. Lysholm and Tegner activity score was 96.5 ± 5 and 8.1 ± 1.4, respectively, at a mean follow-up of 64.9 ± 23.9 months. 27/34 (79%) of patients returned to the same level of sports. The mean time to return to sports was 8.3 ± 1.5 months. Three patients had graft tears, and none of the patients had any deformity.

Conclusion:
Transphyseal ACLR is a safe procedure with good functional outcomes.

Level of Study:
Level III.
CT Based Measurement of Coracoid Process Dimension and a Technique to Measure in our Population
Authors: Arun GR , Babhulkar Ashish Suresh , Unnithan Vishnu , Srinivasan Namratha , Sindhu B , Sunil Kumar PC 
Published: September 2023

Aim:
The aim of this study was to do computed tomography (CT)-based measurement of coracoid process dimension and a technique to measure in our population.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and twenty-three shoulder CT scans were analyzed in the adult Indian population. The images were processed using curviplanar reconstruction method to straighten out the curved coracoid process. The mean dimensions of coracoid process in relation to anteroposterior length, mediolateral distance, and supero-inferior distance were measured and tabulated along with age and gender differences. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used as a test of significance, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
In the study, the mean anteroposterior length was 25.80 ± 3.09 mm, the mean mediolateral length was 12.02 ± 1.82 mm, and the mean supero-inferior length was 10.27 ± 1.64 mm. No statistically significant difference was seen between the two observers, giving power to the method used.

Conclusion:
In this CT-based analysis of coracoid process, we can estimate the average dimension of coracoid process available in our population and also the preference of surgical procedure according to the glenoid bone loss. Furthermore, it was concluded that CT-based measurements of coracoid process were well correlated between the orthopedician and the radiologist. Hence, these measurements can be used as a tool to estimate the average length available for transfer in the Latarjet procedure in our population.
Complications of the Open Latarjet Procedure are not Related to the Learning Curve: Analysis after 11 Years of Experience
Authors: Zúñiga Daniela Gutiérrez , Ordóñez Camila , Valbuena Felipe José , Largacha Mauricio 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
The purpose of this study is to determine a relationship between complications of the open Latarjet procedure with the surgeon’s learning curve during an 11-year experience in shoulder surgery.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective descriptive observational case series of all open Latarjet procedures performed by a single shoulder surgeon between June 2011 and September 2021. Latarjet procedure was indicated in patients with glenoid bone defects of more than 15% or revision after a failed Bankart repair. Complications were recorded as well as patients’ demographic data. We described the time between surgery and complication and correlated complication presentation with the surgeon’s surgical curve.

Results:
Sixty-two consecutive patients were included (96, 8% male patients with an average age of 30 years). Eight patients presented with a complication (12, 5% of all patients). These complications were classified as graft related (n = 3), hardware related (n = 3), wound related (n = 1), and other (n = 1). There were no instability recurrences and no neurologic injuries. Complications were present in all periods of the surgeon’s learning curve.

Conclusions:
The Latarjet procedure is technically demanding and complications can be present regardless of the surgeon’s learning curve. Nevertheless, it is a successful procedure in most patients, with a low recurrence rate of instability.
Three-dimensional Versus Two-dimensional Strain for the Assessment of Myocardial Function: A Case Series
Authors: Dillikar Monica Vinesh , Venkateshvaran Ashwin , Barooah Banajit , Varyani Reeta , Kini Prayaag , Dash P. K. , Sola Srikanth 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
Two-dimensional (2D) strain assessment is an important diagnostic and prognostic tool in various clinical conditions, particularly coronary artery disease (CAD). However, these measurements are limited in that the information is obtained in only a single plane (2D). Three-dimensional (3D) strain tracks the myocardium in all 3D, potentially overcoming the limitation of 2D strain. The objective of this study was to establish normal values for 3D strain in a population of healthy, normal controls and to compare these values with 2D strain values. In addition, we sought to evaluate the utility of 3D strain in patients with known or suspected CAD.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective study at a single major tertiary care center. Individuals were recruited for the study and divided into two groups: a normal control group and a CAD group. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global circumferential and global radial strain were calculated by both 2D and 3D strain methods. In addition, 3D was used to calculate area strain.

Results:
We enrolled a total of 43 individuals (20 normal control group, mean age 33 ± 2.7 years, and 23 CAD group, mean age 57 ± 2.8 years, 80% male). Values for 3D strain were consistently lower for GLS and global circumferential strain in both groups compared with 2D measurements. In the control group, the mean 2D GLS was −20 ± 1.6% versus −17.5 ± 1.5% for 3D GLS (P < 0.001). Similarly, the mean 2D circumferential strain was −17.7 ± 2.3% versus −15.6 ± 2.1% for 3D circumferential strain (P < 0.001). Combining both groups, the sensitivity of GLS for CAD was 80% for 2D versus 93% for 3D. Similar findings were seen for global circumferential strain (sensitivity 87% for 2D vs. 100% for 3D). However, the sensitivity of 3D global radial strain was lower (93% for 2D vs. 47% for 3D). 3D strain data were acquired in a shorter time span compared with 2D (2.2 ± 1 min vs. 3 ± 1 min).

Conclusions:
3D strain assessment of longitudinal and circumferential strain is similar but mildly reduced compared with 2D techniques, with similar sensitivity for CAD. Radial strain measurements by 3D, however, are not accurate and correlate poorly with 2D.
Morphology of Right Heart Thrombi in Pulmonary Embolism: A Case Series and Analysis
Authors: Kajamohideen Nisamudeen , Swaminathan N , Palanisamy G , Gnanavelu G , Sangareddi Venkatesan 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
The occurrence of right heart thrombus (RiHT) in pulmonary embolism (PE) carries poor prognosis. Type A Thrombi are serpiginous, highly mobile with high mortality. Type B Thrombi are less mobile and have better prognosis. Type C is intermediate in all characteristics.

Methods:
This is an observational study done in patients presenting with RiHT with PE to the emergency unit of our institute from March to August 2016. A total of seven patient's clinical and electrocardiographic data were collected with a history of deep vein thrombosis or hypercoagulability.

Results:
This case series of seven patients with right heart thrombi in pulmonary embolism showed a predominance of male patients, with right ventricle dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension in all cases.

Conclusion:
Early fibrinolysis in type A thrombus had a favourable outcome. Mortality was 29% in our series.