bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia: a systematic review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Jiang Qitong , Li Tian , Zhao Lei , Sun Yue , Mao Zhen , Xing Yujie , Wang Chuanyue , Bo Qijing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Hyperprolactinemia is a common antipsychotic-induced adverse event in psychiatric patients, and the quality of clinical studies investigating the best treatments has varied. Thus, to better summarize the clinical evidence, we performed a systematic review of overlapping systematic reviews and meta-analyses for the treatment of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia.
Methods
The PubMed, Cochrane Library and Medline databases were searched, and studies meeting our inclusion criteria were selected. Relevant data were extracted, and a systematic review was conducted of all included studies. The quality of included studies was assessed by using PRISMA scores and AMSTAR 2 quality evaluation. Finally, the clinical evidence for appropriate treatments was summarized and discussed.
Results
Five meta-analyses published between 2013 and 2020 met the requirements for inclusion in this systematic review. The PRISMA scores of the included studies ranged from 19.5–26. AMSTAR 2 quality evaluation showed that 2 of the 5 included studies were of low quality and 3 were of very low quality. The included studies provide clinical evidence that adding aripiprazole or a dopamine agonist can effectively and safely improve antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia. Two studies also showed that adjunctive metformin can reduce serum prolactin level, but more clinical trials are needed to confirm this finding.
Conclusion
Adjunctive dopamine agonists have been proven to be effective and safe for the treatment of antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia. Among the researched treatments, adding aripiprazole may be the most appropriate.
Adaptation of Teaching Strategies in Kinesiology Students to Obtain Reproducible and Reliable Data in the Assessment of Maximum Inspiratory Pressure
Authors: Acuña-Rojas Ernesto , Barrera-Mora Julio , González-Cabrera Javier , Escobar-Cabello Máximo , Sol Mariano del , Valenzuela-Aedo Fernando , Lizama-Pérez Rodrigo , Muñoz-Cofré Rodrigo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The reliability of the measurement of the Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP), as an expression of the motor capacity of the ventilatory muscles, has been widely studied in different contexts. To reduce margins of error, it is critical that the performance is done by someone who possesses reliable qualities in their measurement actions. Transmitting these skills to young professionals in the most efficient way should be a growth horizon for the profession. The objective of this research was to determine whether specific warm-up of the inspiratory muscles produces significant changes in the undergraduate kinesiology students (UKS) and an expert kinesiologist (EK) reliability of MIP measurement in healthy subjects.
Methods
Cross-sectional and exploratory study. Participants were divided into three groups (A, B, and C), each consisting of 1 undergraduate kinesiology student (EK 1, EK 2, EK 3) plus the Kinesiologist Expert (KE), who tested all the participants of the 3 groups. The test-retest reliability of the ATS/ERS and Warm-up + ATS/ERS protocols was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
Results
The main results were i) the warm-up protocol presented the least variability in the number of repetitions performed in the MIP measurement and ii) there were no significant differences in the MIP value between the EK and the KE.
Conclusions
The application of a warm-up protocol of the inspiratory muscles before the MIP evaluation does not generate significant differences between the EK and the KE, the interobserver reliability was very good in one of the three EK and the warm-up of the inspiratory muscles. reduced the number of attempts to achieve the percentage variability suggested by the ATS/ERS. Based on this experience, it is suggested to include a warm-up in the PIM evaluation.
Association between BMI trajectories from childhood to early adulthood and the carotid Intima- Media Thickness in early adulthood: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study
Authors: Seyedhoseinpour Amirhosein , Barzin Maryam , Mahdavi Maryam , Valizadeh Majid , Azizi Fereidoun , Hosseinpanah Farhad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims: Childhood and adolescence overweight/obesity is an important predictor of obesity and increased long-term cardiometabolic abnormalities in adulthood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) trajectories among children and adolescents with adulthood carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) as a determinant of subclinical atherosclerosis.
Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 1265 participants aged 3 to 18 were followed up for 18 years. By using Latent Class Growth Analysis, three groups of BMI and WC trajectory were defined; low stable, moderate-increasing, and high-increasing. Utilizing linear regression analysis and odds ratio (OR), the association of these categories with cIMT was evaluated.
Results: Although the high-increasing BMI trajectory group was significantly associated with higher cIMT (ß=0.0464, P<0.001), moderate-increase was not (ß=0.0096, P=0.102); in reference to the low-stable BMI trajectory group. Among WC trajectory groups, both moderate- (ß=0.0177, P =0.006) and high-increasing (ß=0.0533, P <0.001), in reference to the low-stable group, were significantly associated with higher cIMT. The results did not change after adjustment for baseline BMI. The ORs of high-increasing BMI, moderate-increasing WC, and high-increasing WC trajectories were 3.24, 1.92, and 3.29, respectively for high cIMT.
Conclusion: Our study resulted that a high-increasing trajectory of childhood BMI and moderate- and high-increasing trajectories of childhood WC are associated with higher cIMT and higher risk of high-cIMT. Regular monitoring and screening of BMI and WC trajectory from childhood may improve identifying individuals with high risks of cardiovascular disease, more accurately.
The Role of Thickened Nuchal Translucency on Copy Number Variations and Pregnancy Outcomes in Northeast Coast of Fujian Province, China: A Comparison Between Traditional Karyotyping and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Array Analysis
Authors: Cao Luoyuan , Huang Xiaomin , Dong Wenxu , Wu Qinjuan , Yang Jing , Lu Jiaojiao , Lin Pengsheng , Chen Xunyan , Zheng Xian , Zeng Xiaomei , Fu Xianguo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Thickened nuchal translucency (NT; ≥2.5 mm) is closely associated with various chromosomal abnormalities, structural abnormalities, and genetic diseases. However, the cutoff value of thickened NT for invasive prenatal diagnosis remains inconsistent, and little research has been conducted on pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs) affecting the outcomes in foetuses with thickened NT. This study aimed to assess the cutoff value for thickened NT to predict aneuploid foetuses and CNVs associated with thickened NT in prenatal diagnosis to determine the characteristics of pathogenic CNVs, which would assist the genetic counselling of women with thickened NT.
Methods
Ninety pregnant women with thickened NT who underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis using traditional karyotyping and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis in diagnostic institutions between January 2021 and March 2023 were included. The accuracy of the thickened NT cutoff value for diagnosing aneuploid abnormalities was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results
Karyotype analysis identified 15 chromosomal abnormalities. In addition to the 10 chromosomal abnormalities corresponding to routine karyotyping, SNP array analysis identified six patients with CNVs but normal karyotypes. ROC curves demonstrate that the NT measured between 11 and 13+ 6 weeks was associated with 0.729 area under the curve (AUC; 95% CI: 0.56–0.898, P = 0.019) with the foetal aneuploidy. The ROC curve revealed that the cutoff value of NT was 4.15 mm, which showed 50% sensitivity and 90% specificity for detecting aneuploidies. With increasing NT thickness, the probability of aneuploidy increases in the first trimester.
Conclusion
Aneuploid abnormalities and CNVs are closely related to a thickened NT, which affects pregnancy outcomes. Thickened NT and abnormal CNVs are closely related and are not only associated with chromosome aneuploidy in the first trimester. We recommend that karyotyping and SNP array analysis should be performed for prenatal diagnosis in all foetus with NT thickness > 2.5 mm, regardless of NT thickness > 3.0 or 3.5 mm to avoid the occurrence of child birth with genetic defects due to missing prenatal diagnosis.
Fe-rich X-Ray Amorphous Material Records Past Climate and Persistence of Water on Mars
Authors: Feldman Anthony , Hausrath Elisabeth , Rampe Elizabeth , Tu Valerie , Peretyazhko Tanya , DeFelice Christopher , Sharp Thomas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The assemblage of secondary minerals in martian rocks can help constrain the characteristics of past surface and subsurface fluids as well as past climatic conditions. X-ray amorphous material is an important part of martian surface materials, making up 15–73 wt.% of sedimentary rocks and eolian sediments in Gale crater, Mars. This X-ray amorphous material is variably siliceous, Fe-rich, and contains volatiles, and it therefore likely contains incipient weathering products. To better understand the implications of this material for past aqueous and climatic conditions in Gale crater and elsewhere on Mars, we investigated X-ray amorphous material formation and longevity within terrestrial Fe-rich soils of different ages in terrestrial mediterranean, subarctic, and desert climates using bulk and selective dissolution methods, Rietveld refinements of powder XRD patterns, and transmission electron microscopy. Results indicate that in situ aqueous alteration is required to concentrate Fe into the clay-size material and to form abundant Fe-containing X-ray amorphous material. Cooler climates promote the formation and persistence of Fe-rich X-ray amorphous material whereas warmer climates promote the formation of crystalline secondary phases. Fe-rich X-ray amorphous material formation and persistence on Mars are therefore consistent with past cool and relatively wet environments followed by long-term cold and dry conditions.
Deficiency encephalopathy: what if it is only one symptom of a systemicinflammatory disease? A case report.
Authors: Bagnato Maria Rosaria , Pierantozzi Mariangela 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Vitamin deficiencies are systemic conditions that can involve the central nervous system, with varying clinical pictures. In particular, B vitamins are crucial for metabolism in the brain.
They may present with a subacute clinical picture and a sudden worsening. In the case of B1 deficiency with Wernicke's encephalopathy, the classic triad of symptoms is not always observed, making diagnosis more difficult. In addition to the prompt recognition of a deficiency encephalopathy, it is essential to identify the cause of the vitamin deficiency.
Deficiency of these can be traced to gastro-intestinal disorders, unbalanced diets, and alcohol abuse.
Case presentation
The clinical case below discusses an adult woman who presents acutely-subacutely with neurological disorders attributable to vitamin depletion, confusion, ataxia, aphasia and ophtalmoparesis. In addition to the diagnosis of this neurological condition, the cornerstone of this clinical case is the identification of the pathology underlying this vitamin depletion.
Conclusions
In the case of dysimmune diseases of the gastro-intestinal system that damage the ileum, a vitamin deficiency can occur. If unresolved, it can lead to severe and irreversible effects on brain function. This clinical case shows how, rarely, a neurological condition can be the most striking symptom of a neglected and undiagnosed systemic pathology. The importance of knowing and recognising these situations is crucial not only in terms of cerebral prognosis, but also for the overall well-being of the individual with respect to the underlying pathology.
Emerging topological bound states in Haldane model zigzag nanoribbons
Authors: Traverso Simone , Sassetti Maura , Ziani Niccolo Traverso 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Zigzag nanoribbons hosting the Haldane Chern insulator model are considered. In this context, an unreported reentrant topological phase, characterized by the emergence of quasi zero dimensional in-gap states, is discussed. The bound states, which reside in the gap opened by the hybridization of the counter-propagating edge modes of the Haldane phase, are localized at the ends of the strip and are found to be robust against on-site disorder. These findings are supported by the behavior of the Zak phase over the parameter space, which exhibits jumps of $\pi$ in correspondence to the phase transitions between the trivial and the non-trivial phases. Setups with non-uniform parameters also show topological bound states via the Jackiw-Rebbi mechanism. All the properties reported are shown to be extremely sensitive to the strip width.
Reduction in the duration of postoperative fever following NUSS surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jia An , Qiang Wang , Zhuoga Deqin , Di Yu , Zhaocong Yang , Xuming Mo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Our study aimed to compare the prevalence of postoperative fever during the COVID-19 pandemic period with that of the preceding non-pandemic period.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with pectus excavatum (PE) undergoing minimally invasive repair (also called NUSS procedure) at Nanjing Children’s Hospital from January 1, 2017 to March 1, 2019 (Group 2019), and from January 1, 2020 to March 1, 2021 (Group 2021). Data from a total of 284 patients, consisting of 200 (70.4%) males and 84 (29.6%) females with an average age of 9.73 ± 3.41 (range, 4 to 17) years, were collected. The presence of post-operative fever (defined as a forehead temperature of 37.5℃ or above within 72 hours post-surgery), as well as the time of operation, duration of postoperative mechanical ventilator and urinary catheter use, and length of hospitalization were all assessed in admitted patients from Group 2019 (n=144) and Group 2021 (n=140). Postoperative white blood cell (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and prevalence of postoperative complications (i.e., pneumothorax, pulmonary atelectasis, pneumonia, wound infection, and dehiscence) were also determined.
Result: Our results showed a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of postoperative fever within 24 to 72 hours of surgery in patients admitted from Group 2019 as compared to Group 2021 (p<0.001), as well as a decrease in peak body temperature within 72 hours (p<0.05). Meanwhile, no significant differences were observed in age and body mass index (BMI), time of operation, or duration of postoperative mechanical ventilator and urinary catheter use between the two groups (p>0.05). The average hospitalization length of Group 2021 was significantly shorter than Group 2019 (12.49 ± 2.57 vs 11.85 ± 2.19 days, p<0.05). Furthermore, while the WBC count between the two groups 24 hours after surgery showed a statistical difference (p<0.05), no differences in CRP levels or the incidence of postoperative complications were observed (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of postoperative fever within 72 hours of surgery and the length of hospital stay for patients with PE undergoing NUSS surgery were both decreased in Group 2021. We propose that the above phenomenon may be related to increased used of personal protection equipment (such as surgical masks and filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs)) by physicians, nurses, and the patients themselves.
Ocular biometric differences between long and not long-axial length eyes
Authors: Tanaka Takahiro , Marubayashi Ayako , Nishitsuka Koichi , Obata Hiroto 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to measure parameters of preoperative cataract patients and examines the correlations between each parameter. The 210 subjects had their ocular axial lengths measured with OA-2000. The endpoints were ocular axial length (AL), central corneal thickness (CCT), average corneal radii (CR), white-to-white(WTW), anterior chamber depth(ACD), and lens thickness(LT). AL was mainly employed for each person. Each parameter was analyzed for correlations in a round-robin manner. Regression analyses were performed on parameters correlated with AL. The parameters correlated with AL were CR (r = 0.33, p < 0.0001), WTW (r = 0.29, p < 0.0001), ACD (r = 0.59, p < 0.0001), and LT (r = −0.30, p < 0.0001). These parameters affected AL in all single regression equations (CR (P < 0.0001), WTW (P = 0.0002), ACD (P < 0.0001), LT (P = 0.0001)). In multiple regression analyses, CR, ACD, and LT might affect AL (CR (P = 0.0002), ACD (P < 0.0001), LT (P = 0.018)). LT tended to be thinner as AL increased, while CR, WTW, and ACD tended to increase. This information will be useful in developing strategies for ophthalmic surgery.
Effectiveness of e-health intervention using smart phone app to reduce anxiety &amp; depressive symptoms among adolescents: A cluster randomized controlled trial. (Study Protocol- NCT05865834)
Authors: Rozi Shafquat , Jamal Wafa , Alladin Neyama , Peerwani Ghazal , Farrukh Sana , Asad Nargis , Butt Zahid Ahmad , Kazi Momin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: As per World Health Organization, 13% of adolescents worldwide experience a mental disorder. If the increasing burden of mental health issues is not addressed in adolescence, they can culminate into established mental disorders extending to adulthood, impairing overall wellbeing, and limiting opportunities. To cater to mental health issues in adolescents at an early stage, we aim to develop and assess the effectiveness of a smartphone application for the reduction of depression and anxiety symptoms in school-going adolescents aged 12-18 years.
Methods A stratified cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted on 200 students from different schools of Karachi, Pakistan. A two-stage cluster sampling with stratification on school type (government or private) will be employed to select schools and recruit students. The duration of the study will be 1 year. Selected schools will be randomly assigned to either an intervention (mHealth program) or control group (self-reading educational leaflets). PHQ-A, GAD-7, and WHO depression wellbeing scale for assessing depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and wellbeing will be used at baseline, 1 month, and three months. GEE will be used to compare mean scores of depression, anxiety and wellbeing scores between both arms.
Discussion: There are hardly any programs in Pakistan that focus on mHealth interventions that are tailored and target anxiety and depression among adolescents. This smartphone application will stimulate autonomous motivation in adolescents by integrating all the components based on the perspectives of Pakistani adolescents. This application by addressing mental health symptoms in adolescents will benefit the community at large by limiting the burden of mental health disorders. Also, this application will improve accessibility especially in adolescents experiencing financial constraints such as lack of money or transportation to attend appointments.
Trial registration: Registered in clinicaltrial.gov under the identifier NCT05865834. Date of registration: 18.05.23.
Design and analysis of 0.64 THz metamaterial absorber for sensing applications
Authors: Kumar Anup , Yaduvanshi Rajveer Singh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The proposed work is about the design and analysis of an RF absorber at 0.64 THz. The proposed absorber has 99.99% absorptance. The incident angle sensitivity of absorber is 00 to 600. It has wide bandwidth and excellent quality factor. The absorber has been simulated by multi physics software to obtain absorptance, S11, impedance (Z11), real and imaginary permittivity and permeability, current density (J), E-fields, quality factor, higher order modes and sensitivity. The structure of absorber consists of a plus shape surrounded by two gold (Au) metal rings. It is positioned on a layer of silicon dioxide (SiO2) and is stacked with silicon. The ground plane by another layer of gold metal. The absorber is excited with shorting pins to obtain dual mode resonance at 0.64 THz and 0.80 THz. The values of absorbance on these two frequencies are 99.99% and 99%. The mathematical formulations for impedance, phase velocity and group velocity have been derived. The equivalent circuit modeling for absorber has been developed.
Accelerated Drift in Age Structured Populations:
Implications for Mutation Accumulation
Authors: Overall Andrew , Waxman David 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Modern, industrial populations have demographic parameters that differ considerably from those of non-industrialised, ‘traditional’ or ‘hunter-gatherer’ populations, as well as ancestral populations. In other words, modern industrial populations have undergone a demographic transition. In this work we consider the implications of such a transition for Homo sapiens, which corresponds to a decrease in both birth and death rates, with one consequence of this transition being an increase in population size. Taking explicit account of the decreasing size of successive age-classes (e.g., fewer 50-year old females than 40-year-old females) provides useful insight into how small a genetic sample the elderly age-classes can be. The decrease of size of successive age-classes has implications for diseases of old-age, via the mode of mutation accumulation, and indicates how influential demographic transitions can be, beyond expectations based solely upon estimates of Ne. The results of simulations we present suggest that the genetic background of current laboratory model organisms, that are employed in research into age-related human diseases, may be unrepresentative of human populations and we propose that demographically transitioned captive species may provide more realistic insights into the underlying mechanisms.
Low-force human-human hand interactions induce gait changes through sensorimotor engagement instead of direct mechanical effects
Authors: Wu Mengnan , Hackney Madeleine E. , Ting Lena H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Physical human-robot interactions (pHRI) often provide mechanical force and power to aid and alter human walking without requiring voluntary effort from the human. Alternatively, we propose that principles of physical human-human interactions (pHHI) can inspire pHRI that aids walking by engaging human sensorimotor processes. We hypothesize that low-force hand interactions can intuitively induce people to alter their own walking. Our experiment paradigm is based on partner dancing: an expert partner dancer influences novice participants to alter step frequency solely through hand interactions. Without prior instruction or training, novices decreased step frequency by 29% and increased step frequency 18% based on low forces (< 20 N) at the hands. Power transfer at the hands was 10-100x smaller than that exerted by the lower limbs to propel locomotion, suggesting that the expert did not mechanically alter the novice’s gait. Instead, the direction of hand forces and power may communicate information about desired walking patterns. Finally, the expert altered arm stiffness to match that of the novice, offering a design principle for pHRI to alter gait. Our results provide a framework for developing pHRI with wide-ranging applications, including assistive technology and physical rehabilitation, human-robot manufacturing, physical education, and recreation.