bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allocation of authorship and patient enrollment among global clinical trials in oncology
Authors: Rubagumya Fidel , Fundytus Adam , Keith‐Brown Sophie , Hopman Wilma M. , Gyawali Bishal , Mukherji Deborah , Hammad Nazik , Pramesh CS , Aggarwal Ajay , Eniu Alexandru , Sengar Manju , Riechelmann Rachel S. R. , Sullivan Richard , Booth Christopher M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOncology randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are increasingly global in scope. Whether authorship is equitably shared between investigators from high‐income countries (HIC) and low‐middle/upper‐middle incomes countries (LMIC/UMIC) is not well described. The authors conducted this study to understand the allocation of authorship and patient enrollment across all oncology RCTs conducted globally.MethodsA cross‐sectional retrospective cohort study of phase 3 RCTs (published 2014–2017) that were led by investigators in HIC and recruited patients in LMIC/UMIC.FindingsDuring 2014–2017, 694 oncology RCTs were published; 636 (92%) were led by investigators from HIC. Among these HIC‐led trials, 186 (29%) enrolled patients in LMIC/UMIC. One‐third (33%, 62 of 186) of RCTs had no authors from LMIC/UMIC. Forty percent (74 of 186) of RCTs reported patient enrollment by country; in 50% (37 of 74) of these trials, LMIC/UMIC contributed <15% of patients. The relationship between enrollment and authorship proportion is very strong and is comparable between LMIC/UMIC and HIC (Spearman’s ρ LMIC/UMIC 0.824, p < .001; HIC 0.823, p < .001). Among the 74 trials that report country enrollment, 34% (25 of 74) have no authors from LMIC/UMIC.ConclusionsAmong trials that enroll patients in HIC and LMIC/UMIC, authorship appears to be proportional to patient enrollment. This finding is limited by the fact that more than half of RCTs do not report enrollment by country. Moreover, there are important outliers as a significant proportion of RCTs had no authors from LMIC/UMIC despite enrolling patients in these countries. The findings in this study reflect a complex global RCT ecosystem that still underserves cancer control outside high‐income settings.
Assessing trends in breast care surveillance metrics after implementing surgeon‐specific tracking and performance reporting in a large, integrated cancer network
Authors: White Richard L. , Wallander Michelle L. , Leighliter Marjorie E. , Sha Wei , Palmer Pooja P. , Sejdic Almira , Benbow Jennifer H. , Sarma Deba , Robinson Myra M. , Trufan Sally J. , Sarantou Terry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are few quality metrics and benchmarks specific to surgical oncology. Development of a surgeon‐level performance metrics system based on peer comparisons is hypothesized to positively influence surgical decision‐making. This study established a tracking and reporting system comprised of evidence and consensus‐based metrics to assess breast care delivered by individual surgeons.MethodsSurgeons’ performance is assessed by a surveillance tracking system of metrics pertaining to referrals and surgical elements. This retrospective analysis of prospectively collected breast care data reports on recurring 6‐month and cumulative data from nine care locations from 2015 to 2021.ResultsBreast care was provided to 6659 patients by 41 surgeons. A total of 27 breast care metrics were evaluated over 7 years. Metrics with consistent, proficient results were retired after 18 months, including the rate of core biopsy, specimen orientation, and referrals to medical oncology, genetics, and fertility, among others. In clinically node‐negative, hormone receptor‐positive patients 70 years of age or older, the cumulative rate of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy significantly decreased by 40% over 5.5 years (p < .001). The overall breast conservation rate for T0–T2 cancer increased 10% over 7 years. At the surgeon level, improvements were made in the median number of SLNs removed and in operative note documentation.ConclusionsImplementation of a surgeon‐specific, peer comparison‐based metric and tracking system has yielded substantive changes in breast care management. This process and governance structure can serve as a model for quantification of breast care at other institutions and for other disease sites.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Water Pollutants and Pesticides Using Plasmon‐Molecule Coupled Gold‐BODIPY Nanoparticles
Authors: Hemant  , Rahman Atikur , Neelakandan Prakash P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDevelopment of effective and sustainable water treatment processes is the need‐of‐the‐hour for addressing the global water crisis. Here, we report the synthesis of a plasmon‐molecule coupled nanocomposite (NC) and its photosensitization properties in solution and on thin films. Our results indicate that the thin films exhibit excellent stability at different temperatures and pH conditions and that the plasmonic photoexcitations result in efficient generation of singlet oxygen. The thin film serves as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for the degradation of a variety of water pollutants and pesticides. This approach thus offers a low‐cost, environmental friendly and singlet oxygen mediated photocatalytic solution for degrading organic contaminants.
Anlotinib plus camrelizumab achieved long‐term survival in a patient with metastatic esophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Lingxiao , Xu Guanxin , Chen Tianwei , Wang Qiyuan , Zhao Jing , Zhang Ting , Duan Rong , Xia Yang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEsophageal neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare cancer with an extremely poor prognosis. The average overall survival of patients with metastatic disease is only 1 year. The efficacy of anti‐angiogenic agents combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors remains unknown.Case PresentationA 64‐year‐old man, initially diagnosed with esophageal NEC, underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and esophagectomy. Although the patient remained disease‐free for 11 months, eventually the tumor progressed and did not respond to three lines of combined therapy (etoposide plus carboplatin with local radiotherapy, albumin‐bound paclitaxel plus durvalumab, and irinotecan plus nedaplatin). The patient then received anlotinib plus camrelizumab, and a dramatic regression was observed (confirmed by positron emission tomography‐computed tomography). The patient has been disease‐free for over 29 months and has survived for over 4 years since diagnosis.ConclusionCombined therapy with anti‐angiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors may be a promising strategy for esophageal NEC, although more evidence is warranted to validate its efficacy.
A mat‐heuristics approach for electric vehicle route optimization under multiple recharging options and time‐of‐use energy prices
Authors: Kumar Ashwani , Aggarwal Ashutosh , Rani Anu , Bedi Jatin , Kumar Ravinder 
Published: June 2023

SummaryTraveling has contributed a lot to the evolution of mankind. Today, electric vehicles (EVs) are being preferred due to their greater efficiency, comfort, and environment‐friendly qualities. The EVs' contribution to future mobility is projected to rise exponentially in years to come. To make this innovative technology more successful, there is a dire need to install a sufficient number of charging stations (CSs). As the EVs are limited by their cruising range, they require multiple recharging to cover long distances (especially in the case of logistics delivery services). Thus, there is a great need to develop an efficient and cost‐effective EV route optimization approach considering multiple recharging options and time‐of‐use (ToU) energy prices. In this regard, a novel mat‐heuristic approach named (firefly with ant colony algorithm) has been proposed to solve the problem of EVRPTW (electric vehicle routing problem with time windows) incorporating detailed modeling of multiple charging flexibility (i.e., battery swapping, partial recharge, and different charging levels) and ToU energy prices. Our proposed approach aims to minimize the total cost of traveling, which is highly influenced by the cost of recharging. Ant colony algorithm (ACA) serves as the basic optimization framework in the proposed approach, while the firefly approach explores hitherto unexplored solution space and avoids local optima. The computation performance of the proposed approach is compared with existing state‐of‐the‐art similar domain approaches such as variable neighborhood search (VNS) and ant colony optimization using local search (ACO‐LS) which has average deviation of nearly 20%–25% from with optimal solution achieved by the proposed . The proposed approach yields a near‐optimal solution with a faster convergence rate (approximately 50%) compared to other existing approaches. Moreover, the multiple recharging options modeled in our proposed approach justify their significance in terms of cost‐effectiveness for most scenarios.
Quantum Chemistry in Solution: Fiftieth Anniversary
Authors: Ruiz‐López Manuel F. , Rivail Jean‐Louis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this perspective, we briefly present the historical context in which, fifty years ago, dielectric continuum models were developed to incorporate solvent effects into quantum mechanical calculations. Since the first self‐consistent‐field equations including the solvent electrostatic potential (or reaction field) were reported in 1973, continuum models have become extremely popular in the computational chemistry community and are routinely used in a very wide range of applications.
Industrial development alters wolf spatial distribution mediated by prey availability
Authors: Boczulak Hannah , Boucher Nicole P. , Ladle Andrew , Boyce Mark S. , Fisher Jason T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIncreasing resource extraction and human activity are reshaping species' spatial distributions in human‐altered landscape and consequently shaping the dynamics of interspecific interactions, such as between predators and prey. To evaluate the effects of industrial features and human activity on the occurrence of wolves (Canis lupus), we used wildlife detection data collected in 2014 from an array of 122 remote wildlife camera traps in Alberta's Rocky Mountains and foothills near Hinton, Canada. Using generalized linear models, we compared the occurrence frequency of wolves at camera sites to natural land cover, industrial disturbance (forestry and oil/gas exploration), human activity (motorized and non‐motorized), and prey availability (moose, Alces alces; elk, Cervus elaphus; mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus; and white‐tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus). Industrial block features (well sites and cutblocks) and prey (elk or mule deer) availability interacted to influence wolf occurrence, but models including motorized and non‐motorized human activity were not strongly supported. Wolves occurred infrequently at sites with high densities of well sites and cutblocks, except when elk or mule deer were frequently detected. Our results suggest that wolves risk using industrial block features when prey occur frequently to increase predation opportunities, but otherwise avoid them due to risk of human encounters. Effective management of wolves in anthropogenically altered landscapes thus requires the simultaneous consideration of industrial block features and populations of elk and mule deer.
Wide word‐length carry‐select adder design using ripple carry and carry look‐ahead method based hybrid 4‐bit carry generator
Authors: Hasan Mehedi , Chowdhury Sujan , Faruqe Omar , Chakraborty Arindom , Zaman Hasan U. , Islam Sharnali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis research aims to fill up the research gap in energy‐efficient transistor‐level wide word‐length carry circuit generator by using ripple carry (RC) and carry look‐ahead (CLA) method‐based hybrid 4‐bit carry generation process for wide word‐length carry‐select adder (CSLA). Compared to the existing 4‐bit CLA architectures, the proposed 4‐bit RC‐CLA method‐based hybrid 4‐bit carry generator showed performance improvement in terms of power and power delay product (PDP). Later, the 4‐bit carry architectures (existing and proposed) were used as a base to implement 16‐bit carry select adder (CSA) in order to investigate and compare the effect of using the proposed hybrid RC‐CLA based 4‐bit carry generator in large structures. Unlike 4‐bit operation, the proposed design displayed the best performance in power and PDP for 16‐bit CSA extension, which proves its effectiveness in wide word‐length adder structures.
Factors relating to sustainability and scalability of the ‘Food, Move, Sleep (FOMOS) for Postnatal Mental Health’ program: Qualitative perspectives from key stakeholders across Australia
Authors: Teychenne Megan , Apostolopoulos Maria , France‐Ratcliffe Madeleine , Chua Elysha , Hall Sanae , Opie Rachelle S. , Blunden Sarah , Duncan Mitch J. , Olander Ellinor K. , Koorts Harriet 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedSupporting healthy behaviours (quality diet, physical activity, sleep) through home‐based interventions is feasible to improve postnatal mental health. Involving stakeholders in developing interventions is essential for maximising accessibility, implementation and scale‐up. This study aimed to identify factors affecting the sustainable implementation and scalability of the Food, Move, Sleep (FOMOS) for Postnatal Mental Health program, including strategies to enhance research‐practice translation.MethodsStakeholders (n = 13) involved in promoting physical activity, healthy eating, postnatal and mental health, public health and/or policy participated in semi‐structured interviews. Interviews, based on PRACTIS Guide recommendations for implementation and scale‐up, explored perceptions of program design, implementation and scalability. Reflexive thematic analysis was undertaken. Identified implementation and scale‐up strategies were mapped against the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change compendium and PRACTIS Guide.ResultsIndividual‐level: Targeting multiple systems (primary, tertiary, community‐based care) and entry points (early, mid‐postpartum) for uptake was important. For equity, screening women in public hospitals, engaging with community agencies and targeting most at‐risk women, was suggested. Provider‐level: Stakeholders identified strategies to enhance future roll‐out (organisations assisting with recruitment). Factors impacting sustainability included high demand for the FOMOS program, and governance around screening and funding; online delivery, connecting with partners and providers and integration into existing services may enhance sustainability. Systems‐level: Political support and community champions were perceived important for program dissemination. Nine strategies addressing program uptake, reach, implementation, potential scalability and sustainability were identified.ConclusionsFor sustainable implementation and potential scalability of a home‐based multi‐behaviour postnatal intervention, multi‐level implementation and scale‐up strategies, aligned with existing health systems, policies and initiatives to support postnatal mental health should be considered.So What?This paper provides a comprehensive list of strategies that can be used to enhance sustainable implementation and scalability of healthy behaviour programs targeting postnatal mental health. Further, the interview schedule, systematically developed and aligned with the PRACTIS Guide, may serve as a useful resource for researchers conducting similar studies in future.
Sacrocolpopexy after sub‐total hysterectomy vs. sacral hysteropexy for advanced urogenital prolapse: A propensity‐matched study
Authors: Arcieri Martina , Morlacco Alessandro , Montebelli Francesco , Mancini Mariangela , Soligo Matteo , Restaino Stefano , Driul Lorenza , Campagna Giuseppe , Panico Giovanni , Ercoli Alfredo , Scambia Giovanni , Dal Moro Fabrizio , Vizzielli Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare objective and subjective outcomes of laparoscopic sacral colpopexy with supracervical hysterectomy (L‐SCP) and robotic sacral hysteropexy (R‐SHP).MethodsThis is a multicenter retrospective propensity score matched study. In the period between January 2014 and December 2018, we enrolled 161 patients with apical prolapse stage 2 or above, alone or with multicompartment descensus.ResultsAfter propensity‐match analysis, there were 44 women for each group. Patients of the two groups had similar preoperative characteristics. No difference was found in terms of estimated blood loss, hospital stay, operative time, and intraoperative or postoperative complications. Subjective success rate, 12 months after surgery, was statistically better in the L‐SCP group (P = 0.034): 81.8% and 97.8% women had Patient Global Impression of Improvement scores less than 3, in R‐SHP and L‐SCP, respectively. The objective cure rate was high in both groups without any significant differences in recurrence rate (P = 0.266).ConclusionBoth procedures are safe and effective in pelvic organ prolapse treatment. Patients who no longer desire uterine preservation could be encouraged to consider L‐SCP. R‐SHP is an alternative in women who are strongly motivated to preserve their uterus in the absence of abnormal uterine findings.
Reactive oxygen species‐mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress contributes to osteocyte death induced by orthodontic compressive force
Authors: Yan Ming , Zhang Yun , Niu Wanting , Liu Kezhou , Xue Lingyun , Zhou Kexin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring orthodontic tooth movement (OTM), osteocytes, the most mechanosensitive cells in alveolar bone, suffer the heavy orthodontic force and initiate alveolar bone resorption on the compression side. However, the inherent mechanisms of compressive force‐induced osteocyte death are not fully understood. In this study, we established an OTM model on Sprague–Dawley rats by inserting coil springs to investigate osteocyte damage on the compression side of alveolar bone. We then applied compressive force on the MLO‐Y4 osteocyte‐like cell line in vitro to explore whether the reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway is involved in compressive force‐induced osteocyte death. We found that the orthodontic force caused apparent alveolar bone loss, osteocyte death, and elevated serum sclerostin and receptor activator of NF‐κB ligand (RANKL) levels in rats. In vitro, compressive force inhibited cell viability but increased the LDH leakage and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in MLO‐Y4 cells. Simultaneously, it activated protein kinase RNA‐like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), and their downstream pro‐apoptotic ERS signaling proteins and caused significant osteocyte apoptosis, which can be blocked by ERS inhibitor salubrinal. Moreover, the compressive force elevated intracellular ROS levels, while the ROS scavenger N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) alleviated ERS and apoptosis in loaded osteocytes. These results suggest that the orthodontic compressive force induced osteocyte apoptosis via the ROS‐mediated ERS pathway. This study first proposes the ERS pathway as a new potential pathway for regulating the rate of OTM based on osteocyte death.Research Highlights
The orthodontic force increases osteocyte death in rat alveolar bone.
The compressive force causes osteocyte apoptosis by the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway in vitro.
The ROS scavenger NAC blocked compressive force‐induced ERS and osteocyte apoptosis.
Modified mouse model of repeated mild traumatic brain injury through a thinned‐skull window and fluid percussion
Authors: Liu Yuncheng , Fan Zhiheng , Wang Jihui , Dong Xuefen , Ouyang Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a clinically highly heterogeneous neurological disorder, none of the existing animal models can replicate the entire sequelae. This study aimed to develop a modified closed head injury (CHI) model of repeated mTBI (rmTBI) for investigating Ca2+ fluctuations of the affected neural network, the alternations of electrophysiology, and behavioral dysfunctions. The transcranial Ca2+ study protocol includes AAV‐GCaMP6s infection in the right motor cortex, thinned‐skull preparation, and two‐photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) imaging. The CHI rmTBI model is fabricated using the thinned‐skull site and applying 2.0 atm fluid percussion with 48‐h interval. The neurological dysfunction, minor motor performance, evident mood, spatial working, and reference deficits we found in this study mimic the clinically relevant syndromes after mTBI. Besides, our study revealed that there was a trend of transition from Ca2+ singlepeak to multipeak and plateau, and the total Ca2+ activities of multipeaks and plateaus (p < .001 vs. pre‐rmTBI value) were significantly increased in ipsilateral layer 2/3 motor neurons after rm TBI. In parallel, there is a low‐frequency power shift from delta to theta band (p < .01 vs. control) in the ipsilateral layer 2/3 of motor cortex of the rmTBI mice, and the overall firing rates significantly increased (p < .01 vs. control). Moreover, rmTBI causes slight cortical and hippocampal neuron damage and possibly induces neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG). The alternations of Ca2+ and electrophysiological characteristics in layer 2/3 neuronal network, histopathological changes, and possible neurogenesis may play concertedly and partially contribute to the functional outcome post‐rmTBI.
Intraseasonal variations in winter surface air temperature over China and its prediction skill in ECMWF System5
Authors: Zheng Ting , Zheng Zhihai , Feng Guolin , Zhi Rong , Zhao Yuheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBased on the daily average temperature data of 2374 stations in China from 1993 to 2022 and the monthly average temperature data of European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) System5 in winter, this article analyses the intraseasonal variations of winter surface air temperature (SAT) over China by using seasonal empirical orthogonal function decomposition (S‐EOF) and compare the prediction skill differences of the first three dominant modes in ECMWF System5. The first mode (S‐EOF1) is characterized by out‐of‐phase changes in SAT anomalies (SATA) between December and January. Both the Siberian high (SH) and the central Pacific El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (CP ENSO) can impact S‐EOF1. The second mode (S‐EOF2) is characterized by consistency in warm anomalies over the Northeast and Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau's variation, while the other areas are characterized by the out‐of‐phase change in SATA. S‐EOF2 is closely related to Arctic oscillation (AO). The third mode is characterized by alternating changes over 3 months in winter, which is related to the Pacific meridional mode (PMM) and the North Atlantic SST tripole (NAT). Comparing the ECMWF System5 prediction skill for the first three leading modes for the intraseasonal variations in winter SAT, the prediction skill is not high. The model did not predict the extent of warm anomalies and the intraseasonal fluctuation in S‐EOF1, which may be due to the poor prediction skills for the range and intensity of the CP ENSO and the SH. The second mode has the highest prediction skill among the three modes. For the prediction skill of AO is good. The model can capture the intraseasonal reverse SATA between December and January but did not capture the reverse SATAs between January and February. Because the model does not predict obvious PMM and NAT well.