bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
5G (6 GHz) Radyofrekans Elektromanyetik Alanın Sıçan Kan Hücrelerinde Canlılık, Apopitotik ve Nekrotik Hücre Oranına Etkisinin Araştırılması
Authors: KARAMAZI Yasin , EMRE Mustafa , ÇETİNER Salih , AYDIN Çağatay , AKSOY Gülsevinç , BİNOKAY Hülya , EMRE Toygar 
Published: March 2023

Hayatın çeşitli alanlarında radyofrekans elektromanyetik alanlara (RF-EMA) maruziyet giderek artmaktadır. Çalışmamızda, 5G (6 GHz, 0.08 W/kg SAR) RF-EMA’nın sıçan kan hücrelerinde canlılık, apoptotik (erken, geç) ve nekrotik oranlarına etkilerini araştırdık.
Çalışmamızda, ağırlıkları 250-300g arasında değişen 10 adet Wistar Albino türü erişkin erkek sıçan kullanıldı. RF-EMA uygulama öncesi tüm sıçanlardan kardiyak ponksiyon yöntemi ile kan alınarak (2cc) kontrol grubu olarak seçildi. Aynı sıçanlar özel uygulama kafesine yerleştirilerek 6 hafta boyunca 4 saat/gün 6 GHz RF-EMA’ya maruz bırakıldı. RF-EMA uygulama sonrası aynı sıçanlardan 2.kez kan alımı (2cc) yapılarak radyofrekans radyasyon (RFR) grubu olarak seçildi. Sıçan kan hücrelerinde canlı, erken/geç apopitotik ve nekrotik hücre yüzde oranları anneksin-V kiti kullanılarak flow sitometrik yöntemle analiz edildi.
RFR grubunda canlı hücrelerin % oranı, kontrol grubuna kıyasla artış gösterirken, erken apopitotik ve nekrotik hücrelerin % oranları azaldığı ve iki grup arasındaki farklılıkların istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu tespit edildi (p
Analysis and statistical assessment of the current state of environmental crime in the Russian Federation and ways to improve the effectiveness of its detection
Authors: Gadzhiev N. G. , Konovalenko S. A. , Akhmedova Kh. G. , Gadzhieva U. A. , Trofimov M. N. , Kornilovich R. A. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To analyse the state of environmental offenses and crimes (using the example of the Ryazan region) and to identify the principal directions for improving the effectiveness of detecting and exposing these categories of crimes.Material and Methods The study was conducted using theoretical system analysis, economic and statistical method, comparative descriptive analysis and general scientific methods of empirical research.Results. The authors conducted a forensic analysis of the main components of environmental crimes, assessed the damage caused and proposed ways to improve the effectiveness of identifying and exposing these categories of crimes.Conclusion. Environmental offenses and crimes should be considered as threats to environmental and even national security and a factor constraining the formation of an environmentally friendly "green" economy, the negative consequence of which may be a decrease in the quality of life of contemporary and future generations.
Modern ecological problems of restoration and conservation of the sturgeon population in the Ural River basin
Authors: Akhmedenov K. M. , Chibilev A. A. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. The aim of this study was to conduct an analysis of long‐term changes in the number of sturgeon populations and its relationship with the fishing regime and the current state of the Ural River basin, as well as develop measures for the conservation and restoration of their resources.Discussion. Six sturgeon species inhabit the waters of the Ural River basin: Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758; Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt & Ratzeburg, 1833; Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897; Acipenser stellatus Pallas, 1771; Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky, 1828 and Acipenser ruthenus, 1758. The degradation of the geosystems of the Ural River basin and the Caspian Sea due to changes in the hydrological regime, increased exploitation of oil and gas fields, as well as poaching has led to a decrease in the number of sturgeons. Moreover, the areas used for the development of petroleum hydrocarbons and the development of related infrastructure coincide with the main areas for feeding and migration of sturgeon and other commercial fish species. The Ural River is the only one in Europe with unregulated lower and middle reaches, thanks to which, until the 90s of the last century, favourable conditions were maintained for the natural reproduction of sturgeon and other fish species. In world practice, the development of commercial sturgeon breeding and reproduction of livestock in regional natural reservoirs provide a promising direction for the preservation of the unique sturgeon gene pool. At the same time, the principal role in the formation of the number and species composition of sturgeons, is given to natural reproduction. In the Ural River Basin, there are opportunities to restore the sturgeon population through a combination of natural reproduction and artificial farming.Conclusions. Despite a slight increase in the occurrence of sturgeons in recent decades, the state of their populations requires special conservation measures. It is necessary to develop joint measures for the protection and reproduction of fish stocks at the interstate level.
Diagnosis, Verdict, Conclusion, and Causality
Authors: Healy David 
Published: March 2023

This article presents two clinical scenarios based on antidepressant-induced deaths, which make clear that there are a number of intervening processes in between the valuable data Read and colleagues1present and the verdicts that come out of inquests. The manner in which inquests and court cases are structured means that it is very rare for even clearly-proven prescription drug induced deaths to result in a verdict that the drug has caused the death. Instead, a growing number of drug-induced deaths fuel perceptions of a need for more and better drugs.Central to this situation is a question about how to determine causality in drug-induced injury cases. The idea that randomized controlled trials are the way to establish causality needs to be revisited. Unless there is reform, people caught in situations like the two described here would be better placed holding their own inquests, and finding ways to promulgate the resulting verdicts, rather than “trusting” in a process that is biased against them.
Hugo Aznar y Katia Esteve Mallent (Eds.), Crisis y revisión del liberalismo en el periodo de entreguerras
Authors: Pérez del Amo M.ª de los Ángeles 
Published: March 2023

Este artículo reseña: Hugo Aznar y Katia Esteve Mallent (Eds.), Crisis y revisión del liberalismo en el periodo de entreguerras. (2022) Tirant lo Blanch, Valencia, 455 pp.
Review of fluorine removal methods from aqueous solutions
Authors: Kurylenko Viktor , Tolstopalova Nataliia , Sanginova Olga , Obushenko Tetiana 
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The high-quality water conditioning problem does not disappear from the agenda of chemists, biologists, and ecologists. Fluoride content is an important water quality indicator, as fluoride can have both positive and negative effects on the human body. The purpose of this work is a critical review of methods for removing fluorine compounds from natural surface and underground waters, and from wastewater. An analysis of 77 modern scientific articles was performed, the advantages and disadvantages of such methods as precipitation and co-precipitation, methods using semipermeable membranes, dialysis and electrocoagulation, ion exchange and sorption methods were determined.
Results and discussion. It was determined that the precipitation and co-precipitation methods use of chemical reagents, so they are quite expensive, and the sediments formed in the defluoridation process are subject to disposal. Membrane methods do not require the chemicals addition, are highly efficient and easy to control, but at the same time, defluoridation removes other ions that are present in water and are important indicators of the drinking water quality. A significant disadvantage of membrane methods is that a major amount of brine is formed during the treatment process, which also creates a disposal problem. Dialysis and electrocoagulation methods have the advantages and disadvantages of electrochemical methods: they provide high quality water, but this is accompanied by increased electricity consumption, the use of limited service life electrodes. Along with the high degree of water defluoridation, ion exchange methods are characterized by high cost, as well as significant water consumption for such technological processes as loosening, regeneration and washing of ion-exchange resins. An additional problem is the flushing and rinsing wastewater disposal. Sorptive fluoride removal is the most promising and widely used method. The main advantages include the method simplicity, non-deficiency and availability of sorbents. Effective sorbents are natural minerals, foremost, clinoptilolite, nepheline, low-quality phosphorites and apatites, glauconite, basalt tuffs, which are abundant in the subsoil of Ukraine. Unlike other methods, the spent materials are easily disposed of, or can be used as additives in the production of silicate materials, for example, bricks.
Conclusions. Promising fluoride removal methods are sorption methods using natural mineral and modified sorbents.
Evaluasi Program Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Pengembangan Spesialis Penindakan Pelanggaran Lalu Lintas
Authors: Varian Fauzan  , Situmorang Robinson , Solihatin Etin 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data dan informasi yang aktual diperoleh dengan menerapkan 3 level pertama dari model evaluasi Kirkpatrick, yaitu: Level 1 (Reaksi), mengukur reaksi dan kepuasan pendidikan dan latihan, Level 2 (Belajar), mengukur signifikansi dari hasil belajar, Level 3 (Perilaku) yang mengukur perubahan perilaku peserta. Penelitian menggunakan 3 level pertama dari model evaluasi Kirkpatrick. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Pusat Pendidikan Lalu Lintas Polri Pusat DKI Jakarta. Jumlah responden pada evaluasi ini berjumlah 86 Responden terdiri dari 25 orang peserta didik, 9 orang tenaga pendidik, 2 orang pengasuh, 25 orang rekan kerja dan atasan kerja dari masing-masing peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan penyebaran kuesioner. Level 1: Reaksi terdapat 7 komponen penilaian yakni tingkat kepuasan yang sudah melebihi 40% adalah kepuasan peserta Diklat terhadap penilaian Instruktur/pelatih (Trainer (2) fasilitas pelatihan memiliki rata-rata tingkat kepuasan (3) tingkat kepuasan terhadap Penilaian jadwal pelatihan (4) penilaian media pelatihan. Tetapi, (5) Kepuasan peserta Diklat terhadap komponen penilaian rata-rata sebesar paling banyak tidak puas 31,45%. (6) Tingkat kepuasan sudah di atas 40% terhadap komponen penilaian konsumsi/logistik (7) Kepuasan peserta Diklat terhadap komponen penilaian latihan atau tugas cukup puas. Level 2: Hasil Belajar, yaitu peserta Diklat pada aspek pengetahuan memliki peningkatan yang signifikan dari hasil pemberian tes (pretest dan posttest); Hasil belajar peserta Diklat pada aspek keterampilan dan sikap direspon positif terhadap tenaga pendidik dan pengasuh. Level 3: Perilaku yang direspon secara negatif oleh beberapa atasan dan rekan kerja yaitu pada komponen penilaian aspek pengetahuan dan keterampilan dikarenakan bukan berasal dari penegak hukum.
Usaha Kreatif Perempuan dalam Turbulensi Pandemi: Riset Longitudinal Wirausaha Industri Kreatif Perempuan 2018-2020
Authors: Rahmawati Aulia 
Published: March 2023

<p>Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana bisnis kreatif perempuan sebelum dan selama pandemi dengan membandingkan fase 2018 dan fase 2020. Duapuluh wirausaha kreatif perempuan telah diwawancarai ditahun 2018 dan kembali diwawancarai ditahun 2020 untuk melihat bagaimanakah kelangsungan bisnis kreatif tersebut. Hampir separuh dari partisipan telah menghentikan bisnis kreatifnya dengan alasan ‘<em>burnout</em>’ atau kelelahan dengan tugas-tugas domestik yang semakin berat saat pandemi, terutama yang berkaitan dengan pengasuhan dan pendidikan anak-anak. Partisipan lain yang masih bertahan menyatakan bahwa omsetnya menurun drastis dengan perkecualian tiga partisipan yang didukung penuh oleh <em>partner</em> rumah tangganya. Riset ini membuktikan dua hal, pertama, ketimpangan dalam pembagian tugas-tugas domestik masih menjadi penghalang terbesar terhadap akses perempuan dalam dunia usaha dan karir profesional. Kedua, masih minimnya usaha-usaha pemerintah maupun insentif yang responsif terhadap gender membuktikan bahwa industri kreatif masih menjadi industri yang masih jauh dari kata sempurna dalam hal pengarusutamaan gender. Beberapa laporan menunjukkan setidaknya membutuhkan waktu enam tahun atau lebih untuk kembali meraih kemajuan-kemajuan pengarusutamaan gender yang telah direnggut selama pandemi.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Predictors of early initiation of breastfeeding in women who birth in government hospitals in Sri Lanka: an assessment across socio-demographic and clinical measures
Authors: Lokeesan Laavanya , Martin Elizabeth , Miller Yvette 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Early initiation of breastfeeding can be predicted by socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of birthing women, and health care support for breastfeeding. However, the relative influence of many of these characteristics on early initiation of breastfeeding has not been established in Sri Lanka. Therefore, we aimed to identify predictors of early initiation of breastfeeding across a wide range of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with women who had a live baby across four government hospitals in Sri Lanka. Women who were 12 hours post-birth and still admitted to the hospital were invited to participate. Data were collected by eliciting quantitative data through participant interviews and extracting additional information from their medical records. Contribution of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics to explaining variations in early initiation of breastfeeding was estimated using binary logistic regression analysis with simultaneous adjustment.
Results
The response rate was 83.8%, with 302 women participating. The proportion of women who initiated breastfeeding within one hour of birth was 64.5% (n=195). Women were more likely to initiate breastfeeding within one hour of birth if their body mass index was < 18.5 kg/m2 (OR: 4.17; 95% CI: 1.23-14.05), and less likely if they gave birth by elective caesarean section (OR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.14-0.51), were administered antibiotics (OR: 0.4; 95% CI: 1.05-4.73) and had a baby with respiratory distress (OR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01-0.57).
Conclusion
Current intrapartum care practices associated with elective caesarean and antibiotic administration, and immediate care of babies with respiratory distress, should be critically reviewed for understanding the mechanisms underlying their negative impact on breastfeeding initiation in Sri Lanka.
Minimum Wage and Income Ethnic-Gaps: Who are the winners?
Authors: CHAVEZ CESAR 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper attempts to answer whether minimum wage increases help to close income gaps across ethnic groups in Peru. To answer this question, I study the period 2004–2019 in Peru and estimate the effects of minimum wage increases based on nominal minimum wage, real minimum wage, and Kaitz index terms. To estimate these effects, I use several econometric strategies, but mainly I rely on IV-OLS and IV-Probit. I find that the minimum wage has generally benefited whites, mestizos, and Andeans, but especially the latter, which has boosted the closing of ethnic income gaps. When I delve deeper into the types of workers, I find that these significant effects have been mainly on the Andean people in the lowest income bracket, that is, on the most vulnerable population or dependent on changes in the minimum wage. However, it has benefited a specific population group, the high-skilled mestizos, which indicates that while the gap is reduced on the lower side, it opens on the higher side. Finally, when I analyze the probability of being employed, having informal employment, and having stable employment, I find small and non-significant impacts in most of the estimates.
JEL codes: E24, E26, J46
Inflows of Foreign Direct Investment and Its Influence on Primary Sector in India
Authors: Idris Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Till 1990s the paucity of capital is one of the major threats to the developing nations. Since they were not able to mobilize the requisite capital for investment which is very indispensible for economic development. There is always a gap between investment required and availability of investment. When India unwrapped its economy for globalization it gave a new panorama for the FDI in India and acts as a strong viaduct and acted as a bridge between investment required and savings available. The constant support of government of India facilitates in getting more amount of capital from foreign countries. Nevertheless still India is far behind in attracting inflow of FDI when comparing with other developing economies. The foreign direct investment was successful in attracting foreign investment into different sectors such as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary. This paper attempts to ascertain the association between the inflows of FDI and its effect on primary sector in India. For this purpose primary sectors such as Metallurgical industries, Mining, Power, Non-conventional energy, Petroleum and natural gas and cement and gypsum sectors are taken into account for the research.
The Role of Trade in the Transmission of U.S. Recessions into Africa: Evidence from Nigeria
Authors: Ibironke Adesola 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the role of trade as a transmission channel of U.S. recessions into Africa, using Nigeria as a case study and time series data spanning 1981 to 2019. This involves examining how the impacts of U.S. recessions on Nigeria’s growth spread across time, based on an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) cointegration model. The main findings are: (i) When the trade channel is not controlled for in the analysis, U.S. recessions do not have statistically significant impacts on growth in Nigeria both in the short-run and long-run. (ii) When the trade channel is controlled for, the recessions have statistically significant impacts on growth via the channel, but only in the short-run and with a lapse of time. (iii) The positive impact of trade on growth occurs in the long-run, even in the face of the recessions. The key policy implication of these findings for African countries is that trade is indeed influential in them, but they need to diversify their trade away from large economies, such as the U.S., by increasing intra-Africa trade, in order to limit the effects of shocks from such economies and maximize the benefits of trade. This requires better performance of Africa’s trade blocs (e.g. ECOWAS) and the coordination of per jure and de facto trade policies within the continent generally.
JEL Codes:F1, F14, E32, O51, O55
The path to Wigner crystallization in the 2D polaron quantum spin liquid candidate system 1T-TaS2
Authors: Bozin Emil , Aabeykoon Milinda , Conradson Steven , Baldinozzi Gianguido , Sutar Petra , Mihailovic Dragan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Interesting emergent behavior in quantum materials arises when the interaction of electrons with the lattice leads to localization and ordering. The triangular lattice of some transition metal dichalcogenides results in additional interplay of interactions involving spin, localized charge and lattice degrees of freedom. In the light of such complexity, the dominant mechanism that drives the formation of different orders is quite difficult to ascertain. Here we present a study of local symmetry breaking of the lattice structure in the prototype layered dichalcogenide material 1T-TaS2 to investigate the origin of the multiple charge and spin ordered phases. Remarkably, x-ray pair-distribution function measurements show symmetry-breaking polaronic distortions of the lattice structure around individual localized electrons at temperatures well above any of the known long-range ordered phases. The characteristic polaronic broken symmetry signatures remain present on cooling from 800 K to 15 K, through the purported quantum spin liquid (QSL) and charge ordered states, additionally revealing a new transition near 50 K to a state displaying partially restored symmetry and significant inter-layer dimerization. The appearance of locally broken symmetry and the associated order parameter at temperatures well above the appearance of long range order implies that charge ordering is driven by the Wigner crystallization of polarons, rather than Fermi surface nesting or conventional electron-phonon coupling. The local lattice distortions are consistent with a QSL state at intermediate temperatures where interlayer dimerization is incomplete. The breakup of the QSL state below 50 K is concurrent with the disappearance of domains in the charge order.
Adapting a Quality Improvement Collaborative to a new national context: A co-design and feasibility study to improve dementia care in Ireland
Authors: Sykes Michael , O'Mahony Lauren , Wiggin Daisy , Timmons Suzanne 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Adaptation seeks to increase intervention fit with context, an important influence upon implementation. People with dementia in acute hospitals in Ireland do not routinely receive best care. To improve care in Ireland, we sought to adapt an existing quality improvement collaborative, to support the improvement capabilities of recipients of feedback from the Irish National Audit of Dementia.
Methods: The study followed a staged process to co-design adaptations to reflect contextual differences between the English and the Irish healthcare systems, and to explore feasibility of the adapted Quality Improvement Collaborative in Ireland. We used co-design group meetings involving dementia clinicians from three hospitals, delivered the intervention virtually and interviewed healthcare workers from seven hospitals to adapt and explore the fidelity, affective response and reported appropriateness of the intervention.
Results: The intervention required adaptation to reflect differences in strategic intention, ways of working and hospital social structures. There was evidence that the adapted intervention generated a positive affective response, was perceived as appropriate and led to fidelity of receipt and enactment.
Conclusion: We describe implications for the adaptation of interventions to increase participants’ quality improvement capabilities and highlight the importance of socio-adaptive work. We propose further work to explore antecedents of senior positional leader engagement, to describe the delivery of intra-participant behaviour change techniques and to adapt the intervention to other clinical domains.