bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wolqayt, la terre promise et ses limites. Mobilisations nationalistes amhara, foncier et bureaucratie dans la guerre civile éthiopienne (2016-2022)
Authors: Labzaé Mehdi 
Published: April 2023

Résumé L'émergence et le renforcement du nationalisme amhara en Éthiopie sont étudiés ici à l'aune des revendications foncières depuis 2016 et de leurs effets concrets dans la guerre au Tigray, entre 2020 et 2022. À partir d'une enquête ethnographique menée dans et autour de la zone de Wolqayt, dans l'extrême nord-ouest du pays, je propose une sociologie de ce mouvement devenu central dans le jeu politique éthiopien depuis 2016, et explique sur quels groupes sociaux et dynamiques politiques il s'appuie. En documentant les pratiques administratives à Wolqayt après sa conquête par les forces amhara au détriment de la région du Tigray au cours des premiers mois de la guerre civile, je montre que la mobilisation nationaliste reproduit, avec toutefois un niveau de violence et de dépossession accru, les pratiques de l'État-parti forgées par l'ancien parti au pouvoir jusqu'en 2018, le Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF). Cette situation donne lieu à la mobilisation de nouvelles catégories identitaires par les habitants qui critiquent l'administration nationaliste.
La politique ouvrière après la révolution des Jeunes-Turcs : un rapport de police sur la grève à Paşabahçe (1909)
Authors: Gritti Andrea Umberto 
Published: April 2023

Cet article vise à éclairer les caractères de l’action politique des premiers travailleurs qui se mirent en grève dans l’Empire ottoman après la Révolution des Jeunes-Turcs de 1908, les ouvriers de la verrerie de Paṣabahçe. Il y a là une usine isolée, où la direction pouvait contrôler à sa guise la main-d’œuvre, embauchée et licenciée avec facilité. Comment expliquer la précocité des revendications exprimées sur un lieu de travail qui semblerait si peu adapté à l’émergence d’un mouvement ouvrier ? Un rapport de police concernant cette grève, conservé dans les Archives ottomanes d’Istanbul, fournit des éléments de réponse en attirant l’attention sur les modes d’action des divers ouvriers de l’usine.
Pratiquer une activité de plateforme en période de chômage : une stratégie à court terme
Authors: Snape Marine 
Published: April 2023

Le travail de plateforme est fréquemment associé au statut de microentrepreneur, ce qui conduit à souligner des lacunes importantes en matière de revenus de remplacement. Dans le même temps, les enquêtes sur les plateformes d’emploi donnent à voir une diversité de profils et de formes de cumul. Si le travail de plateforme est régulièrement adossé à un emploi salarié, notre enquête sur les plateformes de jobbing donne également à voir un adossement aux revenus de remplacement ou d’assistance. Cet article se propose de revenir spécifiquement sur cette population de chômeurs exerçant une activité de plateforme sous le statut de microentrepreneur. La pratique d’une activité réduite pour des individus au chômage permet d’éclairer les « formes particulières de chômage » à l’heure du capitalisme de plateforme. Après être revenu sur l’engagement dans une activité de jobbing , pour un chômeur indemnisé ou bénéficiant du RSA, l’article envisage la difficulté d’une projection à moyen terme, due à la fin des dispositifs les plus généreux, et pose alors la question de la sécurisation de leur parcours à long terme.
Normalized solutions for the mixed dispersion nonlinear Schrödinger equations with four types of potentials and mass subcritical growth
Authors: Ma Cheng 
Published: April 2023

<abstract><p>This paper is devoted to considering the attainability of minimizers of the $ L^2 $-constraint variational problem</p>

<p><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE1"> \begin{document}$ m_{\gamma, a} = \inf \, \{J_{\gamma}(u):u\in H^2(\mathbb{R}^{N}), \int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}} \vert u\vert^2 dx = a^2 \} {, }	$\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p>

<p>where</p>

<p><disp-formula> <label/> <tex-math id="FE2"> \begin{document}$ J_{\gamma}(u) = \frac{\gamma}{2}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}} \vert\Delta u\vert^2 dx+\frac{1}{2}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}} \vert\nabla u\vert^2 dx+\frac{1}{2}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}} V(x)\vert u\vert^2 dx-\frac{1}{2\sigma+2}\int_{\mathbb{R}^{N}} \vert u\vert^{2\sigma+2} dx, $\end{document} </tex-math></disp-formula></p>

<p>$ \gamma &gt; 0 $, $ a &gt; 0 $, $ \sigma\in(0, \frac{2}{N}) $ with $ N\ge 2 $. Moreover, the function $ V:\mathbb{R}^{N}\rightarrow [0, +\infty) $ is continuous and bounded. By using the variational methods, we can prove that, when $ V $ satisfies four different assumptions, $ m_{\gamma, a} $ are all achieved.</p></abstract>
The Tox Gene Encodes Two Proteins with Distinct and Shared Roles in Gene Regulation
Authors: Yeckes Alyson R , Victor Aaron R , Zhu Zheng , Narayanan Meena , Srinivasan Bharani , Bruce Bethany , Kaye Jonathan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Here we report that the murine Tox gene encodes two proteins from a single mRNA, and we investigate the mechanism of production and function of these proteoforms. The annotated thymocyte selection–associated HMG-box protein (TOX) coding sequence is predicted to produce a 526-aa protein (TOXFL). However, Western blots reveal two bands. We found that the lower band consists of an N-terminally truncated variant of TOX (TOXΔN), whereas the slower-migrating band is TOXFL. The TOXΔN proteoform is alternatively translated via leaky ribosomal scanning from an evolutionarily conserved translation initiation site downstream of the annotated translation initiation site. When expressed exogenously from a cDNA in murine CD8 T cells or HEK cells, or endogenously from the murine Tox locus, both forms are translated, although the ratio of TOXFL/TOXΔN significantly varies with cellular context. This includes regulation of proteoform production during development of murine CD4 T cells in the thymus, where the positive selection of CD4+CD8+ cells and subsequent differentiation to CD4+CD8lo transitional and CD4SP cell subsets is associated with both an increase in total TOX protein and increased TOXΔN production relative to TOXFL. Finally, we found that sole expression of TOXFL had a greater effect on gene regulation during chronic stimulation of murine CD8 T cells in culture mimicking exhaustion than did TOXΔN, including uniquely regulated cell cycle and other genes.
A Novel Missense Mutation in the TGF-β-binding Protein-Like Domain 3 of FBN1 Causes Weill–Marchesani Syndrome with Intellectual Disability
Authors: Hassani Mahdieh , Taghizadeh Sara , Farahzad Broujeni Anahita , Habibi Mahvash , Banitalebi Setareh , Kasiri Mahbubeh , Sadeghi Alireza , Nozari Ahoura 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Weill–Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by locus heterogeneity and variable expressivity. Patients suffering from WMS are described by short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, congenital heart defects, and eye abnormalities. This disorder is inherited in two different modes; the autosomal dominant form of the disease occurs due to a mutation in FBN1, and the recessive form results from mutations in ADAMTS10, ADAMTS17, or LTP2 genes.

Materials and Methods:
The family recruited in this study was a consanguineous Iranian family with an intellectually disabled girl referred to the Sadra Genetics laboratory, Shahrekord, Iran. The clinical history of family members was investigated. Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES) for the proband was performed. Sanger sequencing was used to assess the segregation of candidate variants in the other family members.

Results:
Whole-exome sequencing analysis revealed a novel heterozygote mutation in the proband located at the third TGF-β-binding protein-like (TB) domain of the FBN1 gene (NM000138: c.2066A>G: (p. Glu689Gly), NP_000129.3, in exon 17 of the gene). Co-segregation analysis with Sanger sequencing confirmed this mutation in the affected members of the pedigree.

Conclusion:
Our findings represent an autosomal dominant form of specific WMS resulting from a substitution mutation in the FBN1 gene. In addition to the typical manifestations of the disorder, mild intellectual disability (ID) was identified in the 8-year-old proband. Given the fact that ID is primarily reported in ADAMTS10 mutated cases, this family was clinically and genetically a novel case.
Feasibility Study and Design of Registration System for Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Patients in Isfahan Province
Authors: Soheilipour Maryam , Kazemi Mehdi , Taheri Behjat , Adibi Peyman , Abdollahpour Ibrahim 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Disease registration is an organized system for collecting, storing, retrieving, analyzing a particular disease or exposure to known substances in a specific population. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility and design of the registration system for upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients based on patients referring to Al-Zahra and Khorshid hospitals, Isfahan, Iran.

Materials and Methods:
This study is a research action study in which the members of the registration system team are hospital triage physicians, internal residents in the Emergency department of hospital, subspecialty assistants and gastroenterologists, statisticians (epidemiologists and methodologists), and two trained persons were specified to collect medical information and documents. The data collection tool is a researcher-made checklist. Based on the available tools, the most important criteria related to gastrointestinal bleeding were selected. In the next step, the criteria selected in the council, including team members, were reviewed and a preliminary draft was prepared to record the information of patients.

Results:
The results indicated the final version of the checklist in three parts including demographic variables (age, sex, education, et al.), main variables (as the minimum data required by a person to register in the checklist (patient's clinical signs)), extended main variables (its information is designed to be used to diagnose, treat, and follow-up the patient in later stages).

Conclusion:
It seems to be predictable by establishing a system for recording gastrointestinal bleeding diseases, disease prevalence, monitoring services and treatment of patients, survival analysis and evaluation of clinical care outcomes, finding patients at higher risk for emergency treatment, reviewing drug interventions, and interventional activities.
Relevance of skin-prick test and immunoglobulin E estimation in pigeon-exposure asthma patients
Authors: Mavi Anil K. , Spalgais Sonam , Singh Kamal , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Raj 
Published: April 2023

Background
Pigeon exposure is common in India due to its cultural and religious practice. Hypersensitivity to pigeon allergen is well known as pigeon breeder disease. Limited data also show that pigeon allergen was associated with increased asthma. The aim of this study is to evaluate skin-prick test (SPT) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in pigeon-exposed asthmatics.

Patients and methods
It is a prospective observational study with 200 asthma patients as per Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines. As per the history of exposure to pigeons, patients were divided into two groups: exposed and nonexposed asthmatics. All patients underwent SPT against CAA with pigeon allergen and measurements of serum IgE. The result was compared between two groups.

Results
Out of 200 patients with mean age of 29.83±9.92 years, 108 had pigeon exposure. The SPT against CAA sensitivity was positive in 74% exposed and 63% nonexposed groups. While SPT against pigeon allergen was positive in 17 (15.7%) in exposed patients. The mean total IgE was higher in exposed asthmatics but not significant (538.75±248.5 and 510.2±220.1 IU/ml, P=0.0078). The mean specific IgE against pigeon dropping and feather was significantly higher in exposed asthmatics (0.4513±1.01 and 0.1957±0.179 KUA/l, P=0.003; 0.3644±0.329 and 0.1176±0.116 KUA/l, P=0.000).

Conclusion
The asthmatic patients with exposure to pigeons had higher SPT against pigeon allergen and higher total and specific IgE against pigeon antigens. This may be one of the reasons for higher asthma in urban cities.
Outcomes of combined proximal fibular osteotomy and arthroscopic intervention for treatment of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Halawa Abdelsamie M , Kandil Mahmoud I 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of combined proximal fibular osteotomy (PFO) and arthroscopic intervention for the treatment of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis.

Patients and methods
This prospective study included 49 knees in 44 patients (34 females and 10 males). Their mean age was 48.4 ± 5.4 years, and the mean BMI was 26.23 ± 2.44. There were 11 knees with Kellgren–Lawrence grade II, 33 with grade III, and five with grade IV. There was varus deformity (range, 6.1°–9.5°) in 34 knees. Combined PFO with arthroscopic lavage and debridement were done.

Results
The mean follow-up was 19.48 ± 2.45 months. There was significant improvement in the mean visual analog score (from 7.24 preoperatively to 1.7 at 12-month follow-up) and Knee Society Score (from 44.79 preoperatively to 72.95 at the final follow-up). There was significant increase in the medial knee joint space (from 1.9 preoperatively to 4.82 postoperatively). The varus angle improved significantly (from 7.8 preoperatively to 1.7 postoperatively). Till the final follow-up, there was no conversion to total knee arthroplasty.

Conclusion
In selected patients, PFO in combination with arthroscopic lavage and debridement could be an alternative option for treating medial compartment knee osteoarthritis through decreasing varus deformity and improving symptoms. These combined procedures could be a suitable surgical option in most developing countries that lack financial and medical resources. However, more multicentric comparative studies with long-term follow-up are required to extract more significant conclusions.

Level of evidence
This study was a level IV case series.
Arthroscopic coracohumeral ligament release for patients with frozen shoulder
Authors: Halawa Abdelsamie M , Adawy Adel H , Zaki Mohammed S , Shoulah Saad A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Frozen shoulder (FS) is one of the most common musculoskeletal problems and has an incidence of 3–5% in the general population.

Aim
This study aimed to assess the effects and outcomes of arthroscopic coracohumeral ligament (CHL) release and L-shaped incision of the rotator interval (RI) for patients with FS.

Patients and methods
Arthroscopic CHL release and L-shaped incision of RI and subacromial decompression (SAD) were done. Assessment of pain, shoulder function, and range of motion scores were measured according to the The University of California - Los Angeles (UCLA) shoulder score.

Results
Arthroscopic CHL release and L-shaped incision of RI and SAD showed a significant improvement in pain, shoulder function, motion, and UCLA score.

Conclusion
Arthroscopic CHL release and L-shaped incision of RI and SAD is a good choice for FS treatment.
A case report of an unconventional minimally invasive technique for excision of a proximal humerus enchondroma
Authors: Aouad Dany K , Dib Nabil G , Daher Mohammad , El Rassi George 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Enchondromas are cartilaginous neoplasms most commonly isolated in the medullary bone, and most of which are asymptomatic in nature not requiring any treatment. In rare cases, these tumors become symptomatic, with no universal consensus on treatment, other than the conventional pathway of conservative management followed by surgical resection, if necessary. A case of a middle-aged woman with shoulder pain is presented. She was found to have an enchondroma as the sole cause of her pain after treating and ruling out all other etiologies. This mass was excised using a minimally invasive new technique, reducing both postoperative morbidities and recovery duration.
A comparison of the quality of images of chest X-ray between handheld portable digital X-ray & routinely used digital X-ray machine
Authors: Kamal Raj , Singh Manjula , Roy Sudipto , Adhikari Tulsi , Gupta Anil Kumar , Singh Hari , Rao Vishnu Vardhan , Panda Samiran , Khan A. M. , Bhargava Balram 
Published: April 2023

Background & objectives:
Chest X-ray (CXR) is an important screening tool for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Accessibility to CXR facilities in difficult-to-reach and underserved populations is a challenge. This can potentially be overcome by deploying digital X-ray machines that are portable. However, these portable X-ray machines need to be validated before their deployment in the field. Here, we compare the image quality of CXR taken by a newly developed handheld X-ray machine with routinely used reference digital X-ray machine through the conduct of a feasibility study.

Methods:
A total of 100 participants with suspected pulmonary TB were recruited from the outpatient departments of a medical college and a community health centre in Agra. Each participant underwent CXR twice, once with each machine. Both sets of de-identified images were independently read by two radiologists, who were blinded to the type of X-ray machine used. The primary outcome was agreement between image qualities produced by these two machines.

Results:
The intra-observer (radiologist) agreements regarding the status of the 15 CXR parameters ranged between 74 per cent and 100 per cent, with an unweighted mean of 87.2 per cent (95% confidence interval: 71.5-100). The median Cohen’s kappa values for intra-observer agreement were 0.62 and 0.67 for radiologists 1 and 2, respectively. In addition, on comparison of the overall median score of quality of the image, the handheld machine images had a higher score for image quality.

Interpretation & conclusions:
The current study shows that a handheld X-ray machine, which is easy to use and can potentially be carried to any area, produces X-ray images with quality that is comparable to digital X-ray machines routinely used in health facilities.
Barriers and facilitating factors of postnatal blood glucose monitoring after structured intervention among mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus receiving care from a tertiary health centre, Puducherry - A qualitative study
Authors: Manoharan Nandhini , Jayaseelan Venkatachalam , Kar Sitanshu Sekhar , Jha Nivedita 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
In India, women with GDM are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Despite this, the rate of postnatal blood glucose monitoring is low, and the reasons are not well known. Hence, our study explored the barriers and facilitating factors associated with T2DM postnatal screening six weeks after delivery.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We conducted a qualitative study among 21 mothers with GDM in obstetrics and gynecology department, women and child hospital (WCH), JIPMER, from December 2021 to January 2022. Mothers with GDM were selected purposively between 8 and 12 weeks after delivery to explore the barriers and facilitating factors associated with postnatal screening six weeks after getting mobile call reminders and health information booklet interventions. In-depth interviews were transcribed; manual content analysis with deductive and inductive coding was done.

RESULTS:
We identified two themes; three categories and subcategories that illustrated barriers and five categories that illustrated facilitators to postnatal blood glucose monitoring. Lack of awareness and misconceptions about GDM, knowledge practice gap, lack of family support, and perception of health system failure by mothers with GDM were barriers to postnatal blood glucose monitoring. Concerns about health, standard advice on postnatal screening, information in health education booklet, mobile reminders, and family support were found to be facilitators.

CONCLUSION:
We found several barriers and facilitating factors that showed mobile call reminders and booklet interventions had improved postnatal blood glucose monitoring. Our qualitative study has strengthened the findings of the previous RCT, and it would provide more insights to develop further interventions which we must focus on improving postnatal blood glucose monitoring.
Musculoskeletal pain among medical students and its association with perceived stress level: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Thejaswi SG , Mukerji Akhilesh , Baliga Sunil , Dewan Sundar Kishore , Verma Anubhav 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is common among medical students across the world. The present study was done to estimate the prevalence of MSP among medical students in the state of Sikkim, India, and to assess perceived stress levels among medical students and its association with MSP.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:
A cross-sectional study was carried out at a private medical college in the state of Sikkim, India. Fifty students each from the third, fifth, seventh, and ninth semesters were included in the study. Students were asked to complete a questionnaire that included data regarding lifestyle habits and activities, the modified Nordic scale for MSP, perceived stress score (PSS-10), and Oswestry disability index (ODI) questionnaire.

RESULTS:
The majority (73%) of the participants reported one or more episodes of MSP in the past 12 months and 50% of them had pain in the past 7 days. No significant association was found between MSP and lifestyle habits, mean time spent on physical activities and sedentary behavior. The perceived stress level was significantly higher among those with MSP in the past 12 months (19.7 ± 5.6) (P-0.021), as well as in those who had MSP in the past 7 days (20.8 ± 5.5) (P-0.001). Severe pain was significantly associated with a higher perceived stress score (23 ± 5) (P-0.003). Students who had MSP in the past 12 months as well as in past 7 days had a higher quality of life score (9.8 ± 10.6, P-0.039 and 13 ± 10.9, P-0.000, respectively).

CONCLUSION:
The majority of our medical students have experienced musculoskeletal pain in the past 12 months, which is significantly associated with perceived stress and quality of life.
Evaluation of efficacy and safety of clobazam as an add-on drug in the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic seizure not controlled with valproic acid monotherapy
Authors: Das Somenath , Mandal Sonai , Maiti Tamoghna , Mukhopadhyay Olivia 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
Epilepsy is one of the major neuron-damaging neurological disorders. Generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS) is the commonest one. Refractory patterns cannot be controlled by simple monotherapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Valproic acid (VPA) is one of the widely prescribed AEDs but it may not control many cases up to its maximum tolerable doses. In this study, we have seen the safety and efficacy of clobazam to control seizure in the adult population as an add-on drug over valproate, in cases of valproate uncontrolled seizures.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Patients on VPA monotherapy but not responding to it were recruited after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria and clobazam was added. There were two follow-ups at the interval of 6 months each. Seizure frequency and quality of life inventory in epilepsy-31 items (QOLIE-31) score were recorded to denote efficacy, and the occurrence of any adverse effect was also noted to elicit safety.

RESULTS:
Out of 101 patients, 78 were male and 23 were female. The most common age group was 18–30 y. Seizure frequency from 2.99 ± 0.95 decreased significantly on the third visit to 0.25 ± 0.43. QOLIE-31 scores of seizure worry, overall quality, emotional well-being, and cognition improved in the second follow-up. Fatigue, somnolence, and weight gain were the major side effects.

CONCLUSION:
Clobazam could be a good choice as an add-on in GTCS not controlled with VPA monotherapy. Clobazam definitely reduces seizure frequency and seizure worry and improves cognitive function and overall quality of life.