bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigations on Copper Cast Cakes, Sickle Fragments and a Spout Axe of the Hoard Find from Drassburg/Burgenland
Authors: Haubner Roland , Strobl Susanne 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Bronze Age hoard from Drassburg contains among other objects cast cakes, sickles, spout axes and fragments of these. Ten copper alloy samples were examined by metallography. The high Pb content of three cast cakes indicates that Pb or Pb ores were intentionally added to the metallic copper. Two cast cakes contain small amounts of Pb and probably copper from the primary production. One cast cake is a Sn bronze. The sickle and socket axe fragments are Sn bronze with different composition. Most microstructures show dendritic solidification, and sometimes, deformation structures are observed. It can be assumed that the copper alloys of the Drassburg hoard were used for recycling. If one considers the quite different alloy compositions, it is impossible to trace the copper ore sources using Pb isotopy or trace element analysis. This applies to the present copper alloys as well as to objects made from recycled material.
The Potential of Combining Existential Hermeneutic Phenomenology and Zen Practice: Using Western and Eastern Existential Insights to Interpret Managerial Lived Experience
Authors: Müller Michal , Vaseková Veronika 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough in the past qualitative research in the field of management did not achieve much acknowledgement, mainly due to the impossibility of synthesising subjective experiences into generally valid statements, there is now a recognition of the significant importance of it. This is due to dynamic changes in society and global challenges that place high demands on managers and put pressure on the need to come up with new creative solutions to problems. The qualitative approach allows understanding the value orientation and the very ways of being of a manager, which is an important prerequisite for their self-development and learning. This paper highlights the intersections between the existential themes found in the research perspectives of existential hermeneutic phenomenology and Zen practice and proposes the development of a cross-cultural research framework that provides an interpretation of the lived experience of managers. The core existential insights that help to understand the lived experience of managers are the positive meaning of existential disruptions and dilemmas, authenticity of experience, and dialogical learning.
Non-negative low-rank approximations for multi-dimensional arrays on statistical manifold
Authors: Ghalamkari Kazu , Sugiyama Mahito 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough low-rank approximation of multi-dimensional arrays has been widely discussed in linear algebra, its statistical properties remain unclear. In this paper, we use information geometry to uncover a statistical picture of non-negative low-rank approximations. First, we treat each input array as a probability distribution using a log-linear model on a poset, where a structure of an input array is realized as a partial order. We then describe the low-rank condition of arrays as constraints on parameters of the model and formulate the low-rank approximation as a projection onto a subspace that satisfies such constraints, where parameters correspond to coordinate systems of a statistical manifold. Second, based on information-geometric analysis of low-rank approximation, we point out the unexpected relationship between the rank-1 non-negative low-rank approximation and mean-field approximation, a well-established method in physics that uses a one-body problem to approximate a many-body problem. Third, our theoretical discussion leads to a novel optimization method of non-negative low-rank approximation, called Legendre Tucker rank reduction. Because the proposed method does not use the gradient method, it does not require tuning parameters such as initial position, learning rate, and stopping criteria. In addition, the flexibility of the log-linear model enables us to treat the problem of non-negative multiple matrix factorization (NMMF), a variant of low-rank approximation with shared factors. We find the best rank-1 NMMF formula as a closed form and develop a rapid rank-1 NMF method for arrays with missing entries based on the closed form, called A1GM.
Transfer-free graphene passivation of sub 100 nm thin Pt and Pt–Cu electrodes for memristive devices
Authors: Tappertzhofen S. , Braeuninger-Weimer P. , Gumprich A. , Chirca I. , Potočnik T. , Alexander-Webber J. A. , Hofmann S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMemristive switches are among the most promising building blocks for future neuromorphic computing. These devices are based on a complex interplay of redox reactions on the nanoscale. Nanoionic phenomena enable non-linear and low-power resistance transition in ultra-short programming times. However, when not controlled, the same electrochemical reactions can result in device degradation and instability over time. Two-dimensional barriers have been suggested to precisely manipulate the nanoionic processes. But fabrication-friendly integration of these materials in memristive devices is challenging.Here we report on a novel process for graphene passivation of thin platinum and platinum/copper electrodes. We also studied the level of defects of graphene after deposition of selected oxides that are relevant for memristive switching.
Subantarctic Mode Water Biogeochemical Formation Properties and Interannual Variability
Authors: Bushinsky Seth M. , Cerovečki Ivana 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSubantarctic mode water (SAMW) is a key water mass for the transport of nutrients, oxygen, and anthropogenic carbon into the ocean interior. However, a lack of biogeochemical observations of SAMW properties during wintertime formation precluded their detailed characterization. Here we characterize for the first time SAMW properties across their entire wintertime formation regions based primarily on biogeochemical profiling floats. Observations show that the SAMW properties differ between the two main formation regions in the Pacific and Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean. SAMW formed in the Pacific is colder, fresher, and higher in oxygen, nitrate, and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) than its Indian Ocean counterpart. The relationship between potential density and biogeochemical water properties is nearly identical between the two formation regions; property differences thus predominantly reflect the difference in mean densities of SAMW formed in each region. SAMW is undersaturated in oxygen during formation, which will impact calculations of derived quantities that assume preformed oxygen saturation. SAMW is at or above atmospheric pCO2 during wintertime and therefore not a direct sink of contemporary carbon dioxide during the formation period. Results from the Biogeochemical Southern Ocean State Estimate suggest anti‐correlated interannual variability of DIC, nitrate, and oxygen between the central and southeastern Pacific formation regions similar to previously established patterns in mixed layer physical properties. This indicates that the mean properties of SAMW will vary depending on which sub‐region has a stronger formation rate, which is in turn linked to the Southern Annual Mode and the El‐Niño Southern Oscillation.
Shrubs Compensate for Tree Leaf Area Variation and Influence Vegetation Indices in Post‐Fire Siberian Larch Forests
Authors: Bendavid Nadav S. , Alexander Heather D. , Davydov Sergei P. , Kropp Heather , Mack Michelle C. , Natali Susan M. , Spawn‐Lee Seth A. , Zimov Nikita S. , Loranty Michael M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn post‐fire Siberian larch forests, where tree density can vary within a burn perimeter, shrubs constitute a substantial portion of the vegetation canopy. Leaf area index (LAI), defined as the one‐sided total green leaf area per unit ground surface area, is useful for characterizing variation in plant canopies. We estimated LAI with allometry for trees and tall shrubs (>0.5 and <1.5 m) across 26 sites with varying tree stem density (0.05–3.3 stems/m2) and canopy cover (4.6%–76.9%) in a uniformly‐aged mature Siberian larch forest that regenerated following a fire ∼75 years ago. We investigated relationships between tree density, tree LAI, and tall shrub LAI, and between LAI and satellite observations of Normalized Difference and Enhanced Vegetation Indices (NDVI and EVI). Across the density gradient, tree LAI increases with increasing tree density, while tall shrub LAI decreases, exhibiting no patterns in combined tree‐shrub LAI. We also found significant positive relationships between tall shrub LAI and NDVI/EVI from PlanetScope and Landsat imagery. These findings suggest that tall shrubs compensate for lower tree LAI in tree canopy gaps, forming a canopy with contiguous combined tree‐shrub LAI across the density gradient. Our findings suggest that NDVI and EVI are more sensitive to variation in tall shrub canopies than variation in tree canopies or combined tree‐shrub canopies in these ecosystems. The results improve our understanding of the relationships between forest density and tree and shrub leaf area and have implications for interpreting spatial variability in LAI, NDVI, and EVI in Siberian boreal forests.
Associations of changes in physical activity and sedentary time with weight recurrence after bariatric surgery: a 5-year prospective study
Authors: Sundgot-Borgen C. , Bond D. S. , Sniehotta F. F. , Kvalem I. L. , Hansen B. H. , Bergh I. , Rø Ø. , Mala T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Increasing physical activity and limiting sedentary time may minimize weight recurrence after bariatric surgery. However, few studies have evaluated potential associations of objectively-measured physical activity and sedentary time with post-surgical weight recurrence over time.

Aims
To evaluate associations of change in physical activity and sedentary time with weight recurrence after bariatric surgery.

Methods
Participants from the Oslo Bariatric Surgery Study, a prospective cohort study, wore an ActiGraph monitor for seven days at 1- and 5 years after surgery to assess daily physical activity and sedentary time. Participants’ weight was measured at in-person clinic visits. Chi-square Test and Paired-samples T-test evaluated group differences and change over time, while Pearson’s Correlation, multiple logistic and linear regression investigated associations between variables.

Results
Five years after surgery 79 participants (70.5% response rate, 81% female) (mean (sd) age: 54.0 (±9.3), BMI: 32.1 (±4.7)) had valid monitor data. Participants increased their sedentary time (71.4 minutes/day (95% CI: 54.2–88.6, p = <0.001)) and reduced daily steps (−1411.1 (95% CI: 737.8–208.4), p = <0.001), light physical activity (−54.1 min/day (95% CI: 40.9–67.2, p = <0.001)), and total physical activity (−48.2 (95% CI: 34.6–63.3), p = <0.001) from 1- to 5 years after surgery. No change was found for moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. No associations were found between changes in steps, physical activity or sedentary time and weight recurrence.

Conclusion
Participants increased sedentary time and decreased light- and total physical activity between 1- and 5 years post-surgery. Overall, changes in physical activity and sedentary time were not associated with weight recurrence. Interventions to help patients increase physical activity and limit sedentary time after bariatric surgery are needed.
An intrinsic purine metabolite AICAR blocks lung tumour growth by targeting oncoprotein mucin 1
Authors: Aftab Fareesa , Rodriguez-Fuguet Alice , Silva Luis , Kobayashi Ikei S. , Sun Jiao , Politi Katerina , Levantini Elena , Zhang Wei , Kobayashi Susumu S. , Zhang Wen Cai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer cells overexpress mucin 1 (MUC1) and active subunit MUC1-CT. Although a peptide blocks MUC1 signalling, metabolites targeting MUC1 are not well studied. AICAR is a purine biosynthesis intermediate.

Methods
Cell viability and apoptosis were measured in AICAR-treated EGFR-mutant and wild-type lung cells. AICAR-binding proteins were evaluated by in silico and thermal stability assays. Protein–protein interactions were visualised by dual-immunofluorescence staining and proximity ligation assay. AICAR-induced whole transcriptomic profile was determined by RNA sequencing. EGFR-TL transgenic mice-derived lung tissues were analysed for MUC1 expression. Organoids and tumours from patients and transgenic mice were treated with AICAR alone or in combination with JAK and EGFR inhibitors to evaluate treatment effects.

Results
AICAR reduced EGFR-mutant tumour cell growth by inducing DNA damage and apoptosis. MUC1 was one of the leading AICAR-binding and degrading proteins. AICAR negatively regulated JAK signalling and JAK1-MUC1-CT interaction. Activated EGFR upregulated MUC1-CT expression in EGFR-TL-induced lung tumour tissues. AICAR reduced EGFR-mutant cell line-derived tumour formation in vivo. Co-treating patient and transgenic mouse lung-tissue-derived tumour organoids with AICAR and JAK1 and EGFR inhibitors reduced their growth.

Conclusions
AICAR represses the MUC1 activity in EGFR-mutant lung cancer, disrupting protein–protein interactions between MUC1-CT and JAK1 and EGFR.
Genome sequencing-based discovery of a novel deep intronic APC pathogenic variant causing exonization
Authors: Bozsik Anikó , Butz Henriett , Grolmusz Vince Kornél , Polgár Csaba , Patócs Attila , Papp János 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary cancer syndrome that occurs as a result of germline mutations in the APC gene. Despite a clear clinical diagnosis of FAP, a certain proportion of the APC variants are not readily detectable through conventional genotyping routines. We accomplished genome sequencing in duo of the disease-affected proband and non-affected sibling followed by in silico predictions and a series of RNA-based assays clarifying variant functionality. By prioritizing variants obtained by genome sequencing, we discovered the novel deep intronic alteration APC:c.531 + 1482 A > G that was demonstrated to cause out-of-frame exonization of 56 base pairs from intron 5 of the gene. Further cDNA assays confirmed, that the aberrant splicing event was complete and its splice product was subject to nonsense-mediated decay. Co-segregation was observed between the variant carrier status and the disease phenotype. Cumulative evidence confirmed that APC:c.531 + 1482 A > G is a pathogenic variant causative of the disease.
Terminal hairpins improve protein expression in IRES-initiated mRNA in the absence of a cap and polyadenylated tail
Authors: Solodushko Victor , Fouty Brian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSynthesizing mRNA in vitro is a standard and simple procedure. Adding the 5′ cap and 3′ polyadenylated (poly(A)) tail to make this mRNA functional for use as a vaccine or therapy increases the time and cost of production and usually decreases the yield, however. We designed mRNA that lacked a cap and poly(A) tail but included an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) to initiate protein translation. To protect the 5′ and 3′ ends of mRNA from exonucleases, we added stable terminal hairpins. When compared against typical mRNA (i.e., mRNA that contained a cap and poly(A) tail but lacked hairpins), expression of the delivered reporter protein in HEK293 cells was similar. Using a triple instead of a single hairpin at each end increased protein expression even more. This method has the potential to simplify the production and reduce the cost of synthesizing exogenous mRNA for use as biologics or vaccines.
Stabilizing electromagnons in CuO under pressure
Authors: Verseils M. , Hemme P. , Bounoua D. , Cervasio R. , Brubach J-B. , Houver S. , Gallais Y. , Sacuto A. , Colson D. , Iijima T. , Mochizuki M. , Roy P. , Cazayous M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractElectromagnons (Electroactive spin wave excitations) could prove to be decisive in information technologies but they remain fragile quantum objects, mainly existing at low temperatures. Any future technological application requires overcoming these two limitations. By means of synchrotron radiation infrared spectroscopy performed in the THz energy range and under hydrostatic pressure, we tracked the electromagnon in the cupric oxide CuO, despite its very low absorption intensity. We demonstrate how a low pressure of 3.3 GPa strongly increases the strength of the electromagnon and expands its existence to a large temperature range enhanced by 40 K. Accordingly, these two combined effects make the electromagnon of CuO under pressure a more ductile quantum object. Numerical simulations based on an extended Heisenberg model were combined to the Monte-Carlo technique and spin dynamics to account for the magnetic phase diagram of CuO. They enable to simulate the absorbance response of the CuO electromagnons in the THz range.
Curvilinear regression analysis of benzenoid hydrocarbons and computation of some reduced reverse degree based topological indices for hyaluronic acid-paclitaxel conjugates
Authors: Ravi Vignesh , Desikan Kalyani 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGraph theoretical molecular descriptors alias topological indices are a convenient means for expressing in numerical form the chemical structure encoded in a molecular graph. The structure descriptors derived from molecular graphs are widely used in quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies. The reason for introducing new indices is to obtain predictions of target properties of considered molecules that are better than the predictions obtained using already known indices. In this paper, we apply the reduced reverse degree based indices introduced in 2021 by Vignesh et al. In the QSPR analysis, we first compute the reduced reverse degree based indices for a family of benzenoid hydrocarbon molecules and then we obtain the correlation with the Physico-chemical properties of the considered molecules. We show that all the properties taken into consideration for the benzenoid hydrocarbons can be very effectively predicted by the reduced reverse degree based indices. Also, we have compared the predictive capability of reduced reverse degree based topological descriptors against 16 existing degree based indices. Further, we compute the defined reduced reverse degree based topological indices for Hyaluronic Acid-Paclitaxel Conjugates $$(HAP)_{n}$$

(
H
A
P
)

n

, $$n \ge 1$$

n
≥
1

.
Genetic diversity of virus auxiliary metabolism genes associated with phosphorus metabolism in Napahai plateau wetland
Authors: Yu Hang , Xiong Lingling , Li Yanmei , Wei Yunlin , Zhang Qi , Li Haiyan , Chen Wei , Ji Xiuling 
Published: February 2023

AbstractViruses play important roles in ecosystems by interfering with the central metabolic pathways of the host during infection via the expression of auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs), altering the productivity of ecosystems and thus affecting geochemical cycling. In this study, the genetic diversity of phosphorus metabolism AMGs phoH, phoU and pstS was investigated by phylogenetic analysis, PCoA analysis, and alpha diversity analysis based on metagenomic data. It was found that the majority of the sequences were unique to Napahai plateau wetland. It was shown that the genetic diversity of phoH, phoU and pstS genes was independent of both habitats and host origins. In addition, the metabolic pathway of AMGs associated with the phosphorus cycling was identified based on metagenomic data. When phosphorus is deficient, virus utilizes AMGs to affect the metabolic pathway, contributing to higher phosphorus levels in the host and facilitating virus survival, replication, and propagation in the host cell.
Enlightening the bimetallic effect of Au@Pd nanoparticles on Ni oxide nanostructures with enhanced catalytic activity
Authors: Bruno Luca , Scuderi Mario , Priolo Francesco , Falciola Luigi , Mirabella Salvo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBimetallic decoration of semiconductor electrodes typically improves catalytic and sensing performances because of a well-claimed synergistic effect. A microscopic and quantitative investigation of such an effect on energy bands of semiconductor can be really useful for further exploitation. Au, Pd and Au@Pd (core@shell) nanoparticles (10–20 nm in size) were synthesized through chemical reduction method and characterized with scanning and transmission microscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry, cyclic voltammetry electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Mott–Schottky analysis. The nanoparticles have been used to decorate Ni-based nanostructured electrodes with the aim to quantitatively investigate the effect of decoration with mono or bimetallic nanoparticles. Decorated electrodes show higher redox currents than bare ones and a shift in redox peaks (up to 0.3 V), which can be ascribed to a more efficient electron transport and improved catalytic properties. These effects were satisfactorily modeled (COMSOL) employing a nano Schottky junction at the nanoparticle–semiconductor interface, pointing out large energy band bending (up to 0.4 eV), space charge region and local electric field (up to$${10}^{8}\mathrm{ V }{\mathrm{m}}^{-1}$$108Vm-1) in bimetallic decoration. Sensing test of glucose and H2O2by decorated Ni oxide electrodes were performed to consolidate our model. The presence of bimetallic nanoparticles enhances enormously the electrochemical performances of the material in terms of sensitivity, catalytic activity, and electrical transport. The modification of energy band diagram in semiconductor is analyzed and discussed also in terms of electron transfer during redox reactions.