bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case report of multiple abscesses caused by Streptococcus intermedius
Authors: Reyes Jonathan Vincent M. , Dondapati Manasa , Ahmad Saad , Song David , Lieber Joseph J. , Pokhrel Nishan Babu , Jaiswal Vikash 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStreptococcus intermedius is a beta‐hemolytic, non‐motile, catalase‐negative, gram‐positive member of the Streptococcus anginosus group. When compared to other members of this group like S. anginosus and Streptococcus constellatus, S. intermedius infections are more substantial. In this case, we present a 47‐year‐old male patient who was found to have S. intermedius abscesses in his lungs, liver, and brain. The treatment of choice for these abscesses is a combination of drainage, surgery, and antibiotic therapy.
Multifunctional Intrinsically Disordered Regions in Transcription Factors
Authors: Már Matti , Nitsenko Kateryna , Heidarsson Pétur O. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEukaryotic transcription factors (TFs) are the final integrators of a complex molecular feedback mechanism that interfaces with the genome, consolidating information for transcriptional regulation. TFs consist of both structured DNA‐binding domains and long intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) embedded with motifs linked to transcriptional control. It is now well established that the dynamic multifunctionality of IDRs is the basis for a wide spectrum of TF functions necessary to navigate and regulate the human genome. This review dissects the chemical features of TF IDRs that endow them with structural plasticity that is central to their functions in the nucleus. Sequence analysis of a set of over 1600 human TFs through AlphaFold was used to identify key features of their IDRs. Recent studies were then highlighted to illustrate IDR involvement in processes such as protein interactions, DNA binding and specificity, chromatin opening, and phase separation. To expand our understanding of TF functions, future directions are suggested for integrating experiments and simulations, from in vitro to living systems.
Graphene‐Oxide Mediated Chemodivergent Ring‐Opening of Cyclobutanols
Authors: Brunetti Andrea , Pintus Angela , Lombardi Lorenzo , Kovtun Alessandro , Mascietti Federico , Bruno Francesco , Ravera Enrico , Melucci Manuela , Bertuzzi Giulio , Bandini Marco 
Published: January 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThe chemodivergent ring‐opening of cyclobutanols is described under the carbocatalytic assistance of graphene oxide (GO). The protocol enables the synthesis of diversely functionalized dienes or indenes (26 examples) based on the amount of GO employed. Spectroscopic (XPS and ssNMR) as well as experimental investigations revealed a direct involvement of the π‐domains of GO in tuning the stability of carbocationic intermediates during the reaction.
Efficacy and safety of low‐dose sacubitril/valsartan in heart failure patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Wen‐Wen , Jiang Juan , Gao Jie , Zhang Xiu‐Zhen , Li Yuan‐Min , Liu Yan‐Lin , Dang He‐Qin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundControversy has persisted over the clinical benefits of low‐dose sacubitril/valsartan in patients with heart failure (HF).HypothesisLow‐dose sacubitril/valsartan might also be effective and safe in HF patients.MethodsElectronic databases including PubMed, Ovid, and Cochrane Library were systematically retrieved from inception to August 5, 2021. Review manager 5.4 and Stata 15.1 were employed in this systematic review and meta‐analysis. Key efficacy outcomes of interest included HF hospitalization, all‐cause mortality, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), together with New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. The safety outcome was systolic blood pressure (SBP). The grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation approach was conducted to evaluate the quality of evidence for each outcome.ResultsA total of 1269 studies were screened and 9 real‐world studies met the inclusion criteria were included in the meta‐analysis, with 1697 participants. Compared with low‐dose sacubitril/valsartan, high‐dose sacubitril/valsartan significantly reduced the risk of HF hospitalization (odds ratio [OR]: 0.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27–0.61, p < .0001) and the risk of all‐cause mortality (OR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.11–0.47, p < .0001). However, there were no appreciable differences in improvements of NYHA (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.15–2.35, p = .45), changes of LVEF (mean difference [MD]: 2.73%, 95% CI: −2.24% to 7.7%, p = .28), changes of NT‐proBNP (MD: 43.09, 95% CI: −28.41 to 114.59, p = .24) and changes of SBP (MD: 3.01, 95% CI: −4.62 to 10.64, p = .44) between groups with low‐dose and high‐dose sacubitril/valsartan.ConclusionsCompared with high‐dose sacubitril/valsartan, low‐dose sacubitril/valsartan was associated with increased risks of HF hospitalization and all‐cause mortality. However, no distinct between‐group differences in improvements of NYHA, changes of LVEF, changes of NT‐proBNP and changes of SBP were observed.
Discovery of a Chemical Probe to Study Implications of BPTF Bromodomain Inhibition in Cellular and in vivo Experiments
Authors: Martinelli Paola , Schaaf Otmar , Mantoulidis Andreas , Martin Laetitia J. , Fuchs Julian E. , Bader Gerd , Gollner Andreas , Wolkerstorfer Bernhard , Rogers Catherine , Balıkçı Esra , Lipp Jesse J. , Mischerikow Nikolai , Doebel Sandra , Gerstberger Thomas , Sommergruber Wolfgang , Huber Kilian V. M. , Böttcher Jark 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe bromodomain and PHD‐finger containing transcription factor (BPTF) is part of the nucleosome remodeling factor (NURF) complex and has been implicated in multiple cancer types. Here, we report the discovery of a potent and selective chemical probe targeting the bromodomain of BPTF with an attractive pharmacokinetic profile enabling cellular and in vivo experiments in mice. Microarray‐based transcriptomics in presence of the probe in two lung cancer cell lines revealed only minor effects on the transcriptome. Profiling against a panel of cancer cell lines revealed that the antiproliferative effect does not correlate with BPTF dependency score in depletion screens. Both observations and the multi‐domain architecture of BPTF suggest that depleting the protein by proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) could be a promising strategy to target cancer cell proliferation. We envision that the presented chemical probe and the related negative control will enable the research community to further explore scientific hypotheses with respect to BPTF bromodomain inhibition.
Non‐suicidal self‐injury, suicidal thoughts and behaviors in individuals with an eating disorder relative to healthy and psychiatric controls: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sohn Maya N. , Dimitropoulos Gina , Ramirez Ana , McPherson Claire , Anderson Alida , Munir Amlish , Patten Scott B. , McGirr Alexander , Devoe Daniel J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveEating disorders (ED) may be associated with an increased prevalence of non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) and suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) relative to healthy (HC) and psychiatric (PC) controls. However, precise estimates of differences in prevalence between individuals with EDs and controls are unclear. We compared the prevalence of NSSI, suicidal ideation (SI), suicide attempts (SA), and deaths by suicide in controls and individuals with EDs.MethodWe searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, and CINAHL for peer‐reviewed publications reporting the prevalence of NSSI and/or STBs in EDs and HC or PC group (PROSPERO: CRD42021286754). A series of random‐effects meta‐analyses were conducted to estimate pooled odds ratios (ORs) for NSSI, SI, SA, and death by suicide in EDs.ResultsAcross 32 studies, individuals with an ED had a significantly increased prevalence of NSSI (HC: OR = 6.85 [95% CI: 3.60, 13.04]; PC: OR = 2.74 [95% CI: 1.49, 5.06]), SI (HC: OR = 3.63 [95% CI: 2.43, 5.41]; PC: OR = 3.10 [95% CI: 2.01, 4.78]), and SA (HC: OR = 5.16 [95% CI: 4.27, 6.24]; PC: OR = 1.37 [95% CI: 0.37, 4.99]) relative to HC and PC groups. A 2.93‐times increased odd of death by suicide did not achieve statistical significance. There was a high‐level of heterogeneity between studies.DiscussionOur findings indicate that ED populations have an increased prevalence of NSSI, SI, and SA but not death by suicide compared to controls and emphasize the need for effective clinical strategies to address these behaviors in ED populations.Public SignificanceThis review provides evidence for an increased prevalence of non‐suicidal self‐injury, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts in populations with eating disorders compared to controls. Our findings emphasize the need for effective clinical strategies to address these behaviors in patients with eating disorders.
Phylomorphometrics reveal ecomorphological convergence in pea crab carapace shapes (Brachyura, Pinnotheridae)
Authors: de Gier Werner 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMost members of the speciose pea crab family (Decapoda: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae) are characterized by their symbioses with marine invertebrates in various host phyla. The ecology of pea crabs is, however, understudied, and the degree of host dependency of most species is still unclear. With the exception of one lineage of ectosymbiotic echinoid‐associated crabs, species within the subfamily Pinnotherinae are endosymbionts, living within the body cavities of mollusks, ascidians, echinoderms, and brachiopods. By contrast, most members of the two other subfamilies are considered to have an ectosymbiotic lifestyle, sharing burrows and tubes with various types of worms and burrowing crustaceans (inquilism). The body shapes within the family are extremely variable, mainly in the width and length of the carapace. The variation of carapace shapes in the family, focusing on pinnotherines, is mapped using landmark‐based morphometrics. Mean carapace shapes of species groups (based on their host preference) are statistically compared. In addition, a phylomorphometric approach is used to study three different convergence events (across subfamilies; between three genera; and within one genus), and link these events with the associated hosts.
Teach different: The CREATE pedagogy for ecology and evolution
Authors: Lortie CJ 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlobally, teaching has changed and innovated profoundly in the last 3 years. With novel and more seamless opportunities to use technology and more actively teach visually online or in‐person and to engage in inclusive dialogue within and between groups, we can teach very differently now. An innovation proposed a number of years ago and revisited anew in a recent and novel application to ecology and evolution course offerings, and the CREATE pedagogy or Consider, Read, Elucidate the hypothesis or purpose, Analyze and interpret data or evidence, and Think of the next Experiment is an inspiring framework for unique student work and teaching. CREATE proposes that students engage in active reading through specific exercises that are both creative and heavily anchored in critical thinking when working with publications. Here, the palette of CREATE exercises is expanded further for ecology and evolution and affirms that this approach to student engagement with literature can be highly effective in many courses. Furthermore, the application of this pedagogy dramatically influences and likely enhances how one teaches in a lecture setting as an educator making the content in all modalities more engaging and active.
Chimeric antigen receptor–based therapies beyond cancer
Authors: Velasco‐de Andrés María , Muñoz‐Sánchez Guillermo , Carrillo‐Serradell Laura , Gutiérrez‐Hernández María del Mar , Català Cristina , Isamat Marcos , Lozano Francisco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAdoptive cell transfer (ACT) therapies have gained renewed interest in the field of immunotherapy following the advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology. This immunological breakthrough requires immune cell engineering with an artificial surface protein receptor for antigen‐specific recognition coupled to an intracellular protein domain for cell activating functions. CAR‐based ACT has successfully solved some hematological malignancies, and it is expected that other tumors may soon benefit from this approach. However, the potential of CAR technology is such that other immune‐mediated disorders are beginning to profit from it. This review will focus on CAR‐based ACT therapeutic areas other than oncology such as infection, allergy, autoimmunity, transplantation, and fibrotic repair. Herein, we discuss the results and limitations of preclinical and clinical studies in that regard.
Sample plug induced peak splitting in capillary electrophoresis studied using dual backscattered interferometry and fluorescence detection
Authors: De Silva Miyuru , Dunn Robert C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe appearance of unexpected peaks in capillary electrophoresis (CE) is common and can lengthen the time of method development as assay conditions and experimental parameters are varied to understand and mitigate the effects of the additional peaks. Additional peaks can arise when a single‐analyte zone is split into multiple zones. Understanding the underlying mechanism of these phenomena, recognizing conditions that favor its presence, and knowing how to confirm and eliminate the effect are important for efficient method optimization. In this study, we examine how the overlap of analyte zones with the sample plug can lead to peak splitting. This is explored experimentally using dual detection CE, which enables both the sample plug and analyte zones to be independently and simultaneously measured from the same detection volume. Simulations performed via COMSOL Multiphysics confirm the origin of the splitting and help guide experiments to reduce and eliminate the effect. Our findings show that this peak splitting mechanism can arise in separations of both small and large molecules but is, especially, prevalent in separations of slowly migrating macromolecules. This effect is also more prevalent when using a short length‐to‐detector, as is commonly found in microfluidic applications. A simple diffusion‐less model is introduced to develop strategies for reducing peak splitting that avoids modifying the apparatus, such as by lengthening the separation length, which can be difficult. Decreasing the sample plug length and slowing the electroosmotic flow can both reduce this effect, which is confirmed experimentally.
Review and prospects of research on materials to prevent and extinguish mine fires
Authors: Niu Huiyong , Sun Qingqing , Bu Yunchuan , Yang Yanxiao , Sun Siwei , Li Shuopeng , Tao Meng , Mao Zihao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCoal spontaneous combustion (CSC) has hindered the utilization of coal resources and the development of the global economy for centuries. At present, many materials are used for preventing and extinguishing CSC fires, and different types of materials have various sites of action. In this paper, research on CSC fire prevention and extinguishing materials is reviewed and proposed. The preparation schemes and effects of physical barrier materials, chemical inhibitors, composite materials, and other fields of fire prevention materials were discussed. The improved compounding schemes of CSC inhibiting materials were analyzed regarding the characteristics of base materials and material properties. It was found that in the field of fire prevention materials, plant extracts, hydrolyzed proteins, biomass, and other green recycling materials have gradually become the new trend in materials. The composite material has a synergistic physical barrier and chemical inhibition and has a good inhibitory effect on coal heat storage and group activation, which has become an inhibitory material that is highly concerning. CSC inhibiting technology involving microbial control has emerged and exhibits notable characteristics, including a green cycle and long action time, but its application still needs to control the coexistence of heterogeneous microorganisms and improve the environmental livability. High‐quality firefighting materials, which are used in preventing battery fires, fighting building fires, inert coatings of cotton fabric, and other fields, have potential applicational value for CSC prevention. This review aims to provide new ideas for the research of CSC fireproof materials.
Transcriptomics for Clinical and Experimental Biology Research: Hang on a Seq
Authors: Stokes Tanner , Cen Haoning Howard , Kapranov Philipp , Gallagher Iain J , Pitsillides Andrew A. , Volmar Claude‐Henry , Kraus William E , Johnson James D. , Phillips Stuart M. , Wahlestedt Claes , Timmons James A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSequencing the human genome empowers translational medicine, facilitating transcriptome‐wide molecular diagnosis, pathway biology, and drug repositioning. Initially, microarrays are used to study the bulk transcriptome; but now short‐read RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) predominates. Positioned as a superior technology, that makes the discovery of novel transcripts routine, most RNA‐seq analyses are in fact modeled on the known transcriptome. Limitations of the RNA‐seq methodology have emerged, while the design of, and the analysis strategies applied to, arrays have matured. An equitable comparison between these technologies is provided, highlighting advantages that modern arrays hold over RNA‐seq. Array protocols more accurately quantify constitutively expressed protein coding genes across tissue replicates, and are more reliable for studying lower expressed genes. Arrays reveal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are neither sparsely nor lower expressed than protein coding genes. Heterogeneous coverage of constitutively expressed genes observed with RNA‐seq, undermines the validity and reproducibility of pathway analyses. The factors driving these observations, many of which are relevant to long‐read or single‐cell sequencing are discussed. As proposed herein, a reappreciation of bulk transcriptomic methods is required, including wider use of the modern high‐density array data—to urgently revise existing anatomical RNA reference atlases and assist with more accurate study of lncRNAs.
Whole‐brain functional gradients reveal cortical and subcortical alterations in patients with episodic migraine
Authors: Lee Chae Hyeon , Park Hyunjin , Lee Mi Ji , Park Bo‐yong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMigraine is a type of headache with multiple neurological symptoms. Prior neuroimaging studies in patients with migraine based on functional magnetic resonance imaging have found regional as well as network‐level alterations in brain function. Here, we expand on prior studies by establishing whole‐brain functional connectivity patterns in patients with migraine using dimensionality reduction techniques. We studied functional brain connectivity in 50 patients with episodic migraine and sex‐ and age‐matched healthy controls. Using dimensionality reduction techniques that project high‐dimensional functional connectivity onto low‐dimensional representations (i.e., eigenvectors), we found significant between‐group differences in the eigenvectors between patients with migraine and healthy controls, particularly in the sensory/motor and limbic cortices. Furthermore, we assessed between‐group differences in subcortical connectivity with subcortical weighted manifolds defined by subcortico‐cortical connectivity multiplied by cortical eigenvectors and revealed significant alterations in the amygdala. Finally, leveraging supervised machine learning, we moderately predicted headache frequency using cortical and subcortical functional connectivity features, again indicating that sensory and limbic regions play a particularly important role in predicting migraine frequency. Our study confirmed that migraine is a hierarchical disease of the brain that shows alterations along the sensory‐limbic axis, and therefore, the functional connectivity in these areas could be a useful marker to investigate migraine symptomatology.
Targeted therapies in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma—A systematic meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Scherm Angelika , Ippen Franziska Maria , Hau Peter , Baurecht Hansjörg , Wick Wolfgang , Gempt Jens , Knüttel Helge , Leitzmann Michael F. , Seliger Corinna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma (GB) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. The standard of care for newly diagnosed GB involves surgical resection followed by radiochemotherapy with temozolomide, with or without tumor‐treating fields. In recent years, various efforts have been made to identify suitable molecularly targeted treatment options for malignant brain tumors. This meta‐analysis provides an overview of recently published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with and without molecular stratification, analyzing targeted agents in patients with newly diagnosed GB. The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE (Ovid), ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Google Scholar were searched for RCTs on targeted therapies in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were extracted and pooled in a random‐effects meta‐analysis. Twelve RCTs (n = 3941 patients) involving protein kinase inhibitors, proteasome and histone deacetylase inhibitors, anti‐angiogenic approaches and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors were included in the meta‐analysis. None of the targeted agents achieved a significant benefit with regard to OS (HR = 0.98 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.86‐1.11, P = .7731]). By comparison, targeted therapy showed a benefit for PFS (HR = 0.83 [95% CI 0.74‐0.94, P = .0037]), especially for patients with an unmethylated O6‐methylguanine‐DNA‐methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter (0.75 [95% CI 0.56‐0.99, P = .0440]). Prolongation of PFS was largely driven by VEGF inhibition with bevacizumab (HR = 0.70 [95% CI 0.61‐0.80, P = .0000]). VEGF inhibition with bevacizumab prolonged PFS in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma compared to standard care. However, no improvement in OS was observed with any of the targeted agents.
Challenges of polymer electrolyte with wide electrochemical window for high energy solid‐state lithium batteries
Authors: Huo Sida , Sheng Li , Xue Wendong , Wang Li , Xu Hong , Zhang Hao , He Xiangming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith the rapid development of energy storage technology, solid‐state lithium batteries with high energy density, power density, and safety are considered as the ideal choice for the next generation of energy storage devices. Solid electrolytes have attracted considerable attention as key components of solid‐state batteries. Compared with inorganic solid electrolytes, solid polymer electrolytes have better flexibility, machinability, and more importantly, better contact with the electrode, and low interfacial impedance. However, its low ionic conductivity, narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW), and poor mechanical properties at room temperature limit its development and practical applications. In recent years, many studies have focused on improving the ionic conductivity of polymer electrolytes; however, few systematic studies and reviews have been conducted on their ESWs. A polymer electrolyte with wide electrochemical window will aid battery operation at a high voltage, which can effectively improve their energy density. Moreover, their stability toward lithium metal anode is also important. Therefore, this review summarizes the recent progress of solid polymer electrolytes on the ESW, discusses the factors affecting ESW of polymer electrolytes, and analyzes a strategy to broaden the window from the perspective of molecular interaction, polymer structural design, and interfacial tuning. The development trends of polymer electrolytes with wide electrochemical windows are also presented.image