bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entanglement and negativity Hamiltonians for the massless Dirac field on the half line
Authors: Rottoli Federico , Murciano Sara , Tonni Erik , Calabrese Pasquale 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe study the ground-state entanglement Hamiltonian of several disjoint intervals for the massless Dirac fermion on the half-line. Its structure consists of a local part and a bi-local term that couples each point to another one in each other interval. The bi-local operator can be either diagonal or mixed in the fermionic chiralities and it is sensitive to the boundary conditions. The knowledge of such entanglement Hamiltonian is the starting point to evaluate the negativity Hamiltonian, i.e. the logarithm of the partially transposed reduced density matrix, which is an operatorial characterisation of entanglement of subsystems in mixed states. We find that the negativity Hamiltonian inherits the structure of the corresponding entanglement Hamiltonian. We finally show how the continuum expressions for both these operators can be recovered from exact numerical computations in free-fermion chains.
A Transparent Tunable Broadband Microwave Absorber Based on Multi-layer Structure by Patterned Graphene
Authors: Ma Limin , Wang Zhenghua , Han Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As the increasingly complicated electromagnetic environment, it is crucial to develop the performance of transparent microwave absorbers. Here we proposed a transparent tunable broadband microwave absorber, which is consisted of double-layer graphene rings and metallic grids. The microwave shielding properties can be changed by adjusting the dielectric layer thickness, graphene Fermi energy and relaxation time. Based on the simulated results, the proposed transparent microwave absorber can achieve microwave absorption of over 85% at a frequency range of 4.61–9.75 GHz, indicating a relative absorption bandwidth nearly 71.6% and a normalized transmittance of 88.8% in the visible band.
Robust Planning Method for Photovoltaic Microgrid Energy Storage Considering Source-Load Flexibility Resources
Authors: Xu Xianghai , Shang Jiayi , Chen Zhiyuan , Zhang Zhipeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The microgrid based on distributed generation is one of the new forms of power system distribution network, and energy storage can provide important support for the access of distributed generation. Due to the shortcomings of the traditional photovoltaic microgrid energy storage method, the energy storage capacity is low. To improve the energy storage level of the photovoltaic microgrid, the robustness planning method of photovoltaic microgrid energy storage considering the flexibility resources of source, network and load is studied. Based on the flexibility resources of the microgrid, the balance index of flexibility supply and demand and the planning index of flexibility response capability is proposed. According to the source-network load algorithm, the optimal scheme of resource complementation is obtained. Based on the storage battery and supercapacitor of the photovoltaic microgrid, the photovoltaic microgrid energy storage robust configuration model is constructed. Comparing the energy storage planning method designed in this paper with two groups of traditional methods, the experimental results show that in the same energy storage time, the energy storage capacity of this method accounts for 50.49%, while that of the traditional group 1 and group 2 is 32.52% and 41.26%, respectively. The proposed PV microgrid robust planning method considering source-load flexibility is reasonable and effective in the energy storage resource allocation scheme, which is of great significance for promoting energy transformation and building a new power system.
Rational Design of Future Potential Electric Aircraft
Authors: Xi Mingze 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
With the development of science and technology, the shortage of fossil energy has become a problem that cannot be ignored. The main significance of studying electric aircraft is to reduce energy consumption and achieve green travel. The electric airplane project is very unusual. It can change the energy use of the world. If the electric airplane can be designed, it will be used in other fields, such as aviation. The advantages of electric aircraft, such as low cost, high efficiency, and sustainability, can reduce the world’s oil energy consumption. In addition, it is believed that many people have built electric vehicles. The noise of electric vehicles will be quieter than that of fossil fuel aircraft. This green energy can make the world develop and progress faster. Furthermore, the low price, energy conservation, environmental protection, and low cost have huge commercial potential. The paper organization mainly consists of the new battery, electric motor vs. jet, thermal energy, and required energy.
Adaptive neural control for chaotic permanent magnet synchronous motor with asymmetric input saturation
Authors: Liu Hongshan , Liu Huibo , Zhao Yanwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper develops an adaptive neural control scheme for chaotic permanent magnet synchronous motor with asymmetric input saturation and full-state constraints. To solve the state constrain problem, a barrier Lyapunov function is introduced. Then, a sliding-mode differentiator is designed to avoid the “explosion of complexity” issue. A simulation example is given to verify the validity of the proposed scheme.
Simulation study on carbon-ion beam imaging by measuring secondary electron bremsstrahlung using imaging plate
Authors: Tsuda M. , Yamaguchi M. , Kada W. , Kamiya T. , Sakai M. , Watabe H. , Nagao Y. , Yabe T. , Kawachi N. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of a lead radiation shield on the ability of a beam imaging device consist of an imaging plate (IP) and a collimator by Monte Carlo simulations. Simulations were performed using PHITS. A carbon-ion beam was injected to an acrylic target. A tungsten collimator having a pinhole was placed at the distance of 31.2 cm from the beam. A lead radiation shield was placed on the tungsten collimator. An IP was placed under the collimator. Beam images were acquired by recording the position distribution of energy deposition on the IP. We confirmed that therapeutic carbon-ion beam images could be acquired using the imaging device combining the IP and collimator. It was found that removal of the lead shield had no effect on the imaging results.
Performance of the electromagnetic pixel calorimeter prototype Epical-2
Authors: Alme J. , Barthel R. , van Bochove A. , Borshchov V. , Bosley R. , van den Brink A. , Broeils E. , Büsching H. , Eikeland V.N. , Groettvik O.S. , Han Y.H. , van der Kolk N. , Kim J.H. , Kim T.J. , Kwon Y. , Mager M. , Malik Q.W. , Okkinga E. , Park T.Y. , Peitzmann T. , Pliquett F. , Protsenko M. , Reidt F. , van Rijk S. , Røed K. , Rogoschinski T.S. , Röhrich D. , Rossewij M.J. , Ruis G.B. , Solheim E.H. , Tymchuk I. , Ullaland K. , Watson N.K. , Yokoyama H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The first evaluation of an ultra-high granularity digital
electromagnetic calorimeter prototype using 1.0–5.8 GeV/c electrons
is presented. The 25 × 106 pixel detector consists of 24
layers of ALPIDE CMOS MAPS sensors, with a pitch of around
30 μm, and has a depth of almost 20 radiation lengths of
tungsten absorber. Ultra-thin cables allow for a very compact
design.

The properties that are critical for physics studies are measured:
electromagnetic shower response, energy resolution and linearity.
The stochastic energy resolution is comparable with the state-of-the
art resolution for a Si-W calorimeter, with data described well by a
simulation model using Geant4 and Allpix2. The
performance achieved makes this technology a good candidate for use
in the ALICE FoCal upgrade, and in general demonstrates the strong
potential for future applications in high-energy physics.
The fractional composition calculation of two-component mixtures using direct and scattered X-rays: a new methodology testing
Authors: Badazhkov D. , Usov E. , Tyazhev A. , Serdyuk D. , Tailakov D.O. , Ulyanov V.N. , Vinnik A. , Skakunov M. , Shaymerdenova L. , Tolbanov O. , Mashnin A. , Spirin A. , Stenin V. , Alekseev I. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Continuous monitoring and control of hydrocarbon flow is not
a new task. Today, there are many engineering solutions in flow
measurement that are used in commercial applications. However, the
search for other solutions continues and is associated with the
emergence of new technical challenges of the oil and gas
industry. There is also a constant request for optimization of
already working flow-metering solutions. In the present work we
propose a methodology to calculate the composition of a mixture
using gamma densitometry methods with direct and scattered radiation
tracking. Experiments were carried out on reference samples and ways
of practical implementation of the proposed methodology are shown.
The effect of dynamic twisting on the flow field and the unsteady forces of a heaving flat plate
Authors: Soto Carlos , Bhattacharya Samik 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Many marine animals can dynamically twist their pectoral fins while swimming. The effects of such dynamic twisting on the unsteady forces on the fin and its surrounding flow field are yet to be understood in detail. In this paper, a flat plate executing a heaving maneuver is subjected to a similar dynamic twisting. In particular, the effects of the direction of twist, non-dimensional heaving amplitude, and reduced frequency are studied using a force sensor and particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements. Two reduced frequencies,

k
=
0.105

, and

0.209

, and two twisting modes are investigated. In the first twisting mode, the plate is twisted in the direction of the heave (forward-twist), and in the second mode, the plate is twisted opposite to the direction of the heave (backward-twist). Force sensor measurements show that the forward-twist recovers some of the lift that is usually lost during the upstroke of flapping locomotion. Additionally, the forward-twist maintains a near-constant lift coefficient during the transition between downstroke and upstroke, suggesting a more stable form of locomotion. PIV results show that forward-twist limits circulation and leading-edge vortex growth during the downstroke, keeping

C
d

≈
0

at the cost of the reduced lift. By contrast, backward-twist increases the circulation during the downstroke, resulting in large increases in both lift and drag coefficients. Force sensor data also showed that this effect on the lift is reversed during the upstroke, where the backward-twist causes a negative lift. The effects of each twisting mode are mainly caused by the changes in the shear layer velocity that occur as a result of twisting about the spanwise axis along the mid-chord. The twisting performed by forward-twist reduces the effective angle of attack through the upstroke and downstroke, resulting in a reduced shear layer velocity and lower circulation. The twisting performed by backward-twist does the exact opposite, increasing the effective angle of attack through the upstroke and downstroke and consequently increasing the shear layer velocity and circulation.
Full factorial design of experiment-based and response surface methodology approach for evaluating variation in uniaxial compressive mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of photocurable PEGDMA-based scaffolds
Authors: Bharadwaz Angshuman , Dhar Sarit , Jayasuriya Ambalangodage C 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The goal of this study is to fabricate biocompatible and minimally invasive bone tissue engineering scaffolds that allow in situ photocuring and further investigate the effect on the mechanical properties of the scaffold due to the prevailing conditions around defect sites, such as the shift in pH from the physiological environment and swelling due to accumulation of fluids during inflammation. A novel approach of incorporating a general full factorial design of experiment (DOE) model to study the effect of the local environment of the tissue defect on the mechanical properties of these injectable and photocurable scaffolds has been formulated. Moreover, the cross-interaction between factors, such as pH and immersion time, was studied as an effect on the response variable. This study encompasses the fabrication and uniaxial mechanical testing of polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) scaffolds for injectable tissue engineering applications, along with the loss in weight of the scaffolds over 72 h in a varying pH environment that mimics in vivo conditions around a defect. The DOE model was constructed with three factors: the combination of PEGDMA and nano-hydroxyapatite referred to as biopolymer blend, the pH of the buffer solution used for immersing the scaffolds, and the immersion time of the scaffolds in the buffer solution. The response variables recorded were compressive modulus, compressive strength, and the weight loss of the scaffolds over 72 h of immersion in phosphate-buffered saline at respective pH. The statistical model analysis provided adequate information in explaining a strong interaction of the factors on the response variables. Further, it revealed a significant cross-interaction between the factors. The factors such as the biopolymer blend and pH of the buffer solution significantly affected the response variables, compressive modulus and strength. At the same time, the immersion time had a strong effect on the loss in weight from the scaffolds over 72 h of soaking in the buffer solution. The biocompatibility study done using a set of fluorescent dyes for these tissue scaffolds highlighted an enhancement in the pre-osteoblasts (OB-6) cell attachment over time up to day 14. The representative fluorescent images revealed an increase in cell attachment activity over time. This study has opened a new horizon in optimizing the factors represented in the DOE model for tunable PEGDMA-based injectable scaffold systems with enhanced bioactivity.
Partitioning of root, litter and microbial respiration by plant input manipulation in forests
Authors: Zhu Jingjing , Wu Qiuxia , Wu Fuzhong , Ni Xiangyin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Soil respiration (R
s) is the largest carbon (C) flux from terrestrial ecosystems to the atmosphere and is of great significance to the global C budget. An increasing number of studies have assessed R
s through in situ observations and model estimates over the last decades, but the sources and pathways of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) are not fully understood, and great uncertainty remains in R
s partitioning of soil CO2 sources. Here, we compiled 236 paired observations that measured soil CO2 fluxes after concurrently removal of living roots (and rhizosphere), litter, and both roots and litter in plant input manipulation experiments conducted at 14 forest sites to partition root + rhizosphere (R
r), litter (R
l) and soil organic matter-derived microbial respiration (R
m) in total soil CO2 flux. We found that R
r, R
l and R
m accounted for 20.1%, 21.8% and 62.7% of the total R
s, respectively. Mean annual precipitation (MAP) was the most important factor driving R
r/R
s, R
l/R
s and R
m/R
s, and MAP was positively correlated with R
r/R
s and R
l/R
s but negatively correlated with R
m/R
s, suggesting a significant climatic control over the proportions of R
s components. Across all sites, the proportions of R
r/R
s and R
l/R
s increased but R
m/R
s decreased with the increase in soil CO2 flux, suggesting that the proportions of root- and litter-derived soil CO2 are generally higher in the tropics than in cold temperate and boreal forests. More accurate partitioning of R
r, R
l and R
m to elucidate different sources and pathways of soil CO2 flux will provide important insights for the global R
s assessment and terrestrial C budget.
Study of a Flat Slab Building with a Shear Wall at Core and X-Bracing
Authors: singh Akshansh , mishra Vinayak , Singh R. P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Construction with flat slabs is quite dangerous when there is strong earthquake shaking. Two different forms of flat slab buildings—flat slab with shear wall at core and flat slab with x-bracing—are considered in the study. These flat slab constructions’ structural rigidity is increased by this lateral force-resisting mechanism. It has been found that adding a shear wall considerably boosts the flat slab structure’s ability to withstand lateral forces.
Assessment of Lateral Load Capacity of Single Pile at Bettiah Site: A Parametric Study
Authors: Kumar Prabhakar , Choudhary Shiva Shankar , Kumar Shiv Shankar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Pile foundations are widely used and accepted approach to transfer superstructure load to a deeper and stronger stratum. This work has been focused on the assessment of the effect of different parameters associated with piles such as pile diameter, pile length, grade of concrete and pile head condition (i.e., free or fixed) on the lateral load capacity. To evaluate the lateral load capacity considering the aforementioned parameters ‘IS Code’ and ‘Matlock and Reese’ methodologies have been utilized. The soil exploration data has been collected from ten different boreholes near to the railway bridge at Bettiah site, Bihar. The results of lateral pile load at different boreholes reflects that the lateral load capacity of pile significantly increased with the increase of pile diameters and grades of concrete. The lateral load capacity of pile was increased approximately by 13%, from both IS Code and Matlock and Reese methods, when the grade of concrete was increased from M25 to M40. It was also found that the condition of pile head also plays a major role in lateral load capacity. The lateral load capacity of pile obtained from IS code method under fixed head condition was found to be higher as compared to free head condition. It has also been observed that the lower values of ultimate lateral load capacity for fixed head and lower values for free head condition was obtained by IS Code as compared to Matlock and Reese method.
Effect of fiber synergy on strength & durability of high-performance concrete
Authors: Gupta Mohit , Raj Ritu , Sahu Anil Kumar , Yadav Sapna 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The distinct fiber addition to concrete can improve weak performance in tension. Due to its higher performance, fiber hybridization is becoming more and more competitive. In this study, the hardened and durability characteristics of performance-based concrete reinforced with polypropylene, basalt and hooked end steel fibers are investigated. Total 12 mixes are prepared to evaluate the different characteristics of performance-based concrete. The influence of basalt fibers (0.2, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 & 1%), polypropylene fibers ( 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, 0.05 & 1%), hooked end steel fibers (0.225, 0.475, 0.65, 0.75, 0.80 & 1%) to explore the impact of fiber synergy, various hybrid fibers with maximum volume fraction of 1% were used out of total concrete volume with and without copper slag (20% & 40%) replacement with fine aggregate are investigated on the hardened characteristics including; compressive strength, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength. Moreover, durability properties including; water absorption, electrical Resistivity, for performance-based concrete are also conducted. Out of the 12 mixes considered for this study, PP0.05B0.2S0.75CS40 performs better and exhibit excellent performance in terms of strength and durability.
Low temperature electrical transport in microwave plasma fabricated free-standing graphene and N-graphene sheets
Authors: Valcheva E , Kirilov K , Bundaleska N , Dias A , Felizardo E , Abrashev M , Bundaleski N , Teodoro O M N D , Strunskus Th , Kiss’ovski Zh , Alves L L , Tatarova E 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the electrical transport in free-standing graphene and N-graphene sheets fabricated by a microwave plasma-based method is addressed. Temperature–dependent resistivity/conductivity measurements are performed on the graphene/N-graphene sheets compressed in pellets. Different measurement configurations reveal directional dependence of current flow—the room-temperature conductivity longitudinal to the pellet’s plane is an order of magnitude higher than the transversal one, due to the preferential orientation of graphene sheets in the pellets. SEM imaging confirms that the graphene sheets are mostly oriented parallel to the pellet’s plane and stacked in agglomerates. The high longitudinal electrical conductivity with values on the order of 103 S/m should be noted. Further, the current flow mechanism revealed from resistivity-temperature dependences from 300K down to 10K shows non-metallic behavior manifested with an increasing resistivity with decreasing the temperature

d
ρ
/
d
T
<
0

usually observed for insulating or localized systems. The observed charge transport shows variable range hopping at lower temperatures and thermally activated behaviour at higher temperatures. This allows us to attribute the charge transport mechanism to a partially disordered system in which single graphene sheets are placed predominantly parallel to each other and stacked together.
Effect of welding process parameters on surface topography and mechanical properties of friction-stir-welded AA2024/AA2099 alloys
Authors: Rajkumar T , Dinesh S , Anbarasan B , Balamurugan S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The joining of two materials with different chemical composition was a major setback for conventional methods of metal joining. The results of this welding were showing considerably great improvement in the aspects of quality of weld, amount of heat generated, uniform distribution of material, refined microstructure, enhanced tribology, materials flowing pattern, good strength with reduced internal stresses. Optimized parameters were estimated by using Desirabilty approach and Response surface methodology. Optimum parameter combination for dissimilar material welding was observed to be 913.74 rpm, 45 mm min−1 and 8kN. The desirability values for dissimilar welding process were 0.912 respectively. The grain enhancements were decreased in the range of WC > WT > HAZ > Parent material. The wear rate of dissimilar AA2024 and AA2099 were superior as the wear value increases from 0 to 50 μm in the nugget zone. The coefficient of friction value remains constant throughout the wear experiment ranges from 0.3 to 0.55. A steady state friction value of 3N to 5N is observed when sliding distance increases. The wear loss was measured by finding the difference between initial weight and final weight and found as in the range from 0.2283 g to 0.4866 g.