bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel deep learning architecture for disease classification in Arabica coffee plants
Authors: Ramamurthy Karthik , Thekkath Rashmi Dinesh , Batra Shivam , Chattopadhyay Sreejan 
Published: January 2023

SummarySeveral research works on disease detection in coffee plants have been presented in recent years. Leaf miner and rust are the most prevalent diseases in Arabica coffee plants. Early detection of such diseases allows farmer to take diagnostic actions before the infection spreads to neighboring plants. With advancements in drones and artificial intelligence (AI), the automatic detection of leaf diseases is gaining prominence in the field of smart agriculture. Furthermore, it is critical to develop an accurate method for infestation detection with minimal computational complexity. Existing works for plant disease detection utilize pre‐trained deep learning models with millions of parameters. A feasible trade‐off has to be attained between accuracy and computational complexity for the deployment of such deep networks. This research proposes an effective method for disease detection in Arabica coffee plants using EfficientNetB0 architecture. The architecture of the EfficientNetB0 network was improvised by including a ghost module at its end. This integration allows the network to learn effectively with minimal parameters without compensating for the end accuracy. The proposed model has a total of 4,874,531 parameters which is significantly lesser than most of the state‐of‐the‐art deep learning architectures and achieved an accuracy of 84%.
Compassionate mind training for ex‐service personnel with PTSD and their partners
Authors: Romaniuk Madeline , Hampton Sarah , Brown Kelly , Fisher Gina , Steindl Stanley R. , Kidd Chloe , Kirby James N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a significant issue for a substantial proportion of Australian ex‐service personnel. In addition to the functional impact on individuals, PTSD can have a significant impact on intimate partner relationships. Research has demonstrated that practicing compassion and self‐compassion may be an important component of psychological therapy for survivors of trauma, while also demonstrating benefits to intimate relationships. This pilot study aimed to investigate the utility of a Compassionate Mind Training intervention for ex‐service personnel with PTSD and their partners. An uncontrolled, within‐subjects, longitudinal design was utilized with assessment at pre‐intervention, post‐intervention and 3‐month follow‐up. Twenty‐four participants attended 12 biweekly group sessions. Self‐report measures of compassion, quality of life and psychological symptoms were administered at each time point. Findings demonstrated a significant reduction in fears of compassion and PTSD symptoms for ex‐service personnel at 3‐month follow‐up and a reduction in depressive symptoms and increase in quality‐of‐life and social safeness at post‐intervention. Additionally, significant reductions in anxiety, stress, external shame and self‐criticism at 3‐month follow‐up were found, and couples reported significant increases in relationship satisfaction. Findings from this pilot study demonstrate promising outcomes, warranting further investigation in a larger randomized controlled trial of Compassionate Mind Training for ex‐service personnel and their partners.
Individually delivered mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy in concomitant problematic substance use and emotional symptoms: A process‐based case study
Authors: Hamonniere Tristan , Billieux Joël 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe process‐based approach assumes that transdiagnostic psychological processes are involved in the onset and maintenance of mental disorders. Case conceptualization is used to identify such psychological processes and to individualize the intervention accordingly. This approach is fundamentally different from syndrome‐based approaches in which standardized treatments are administered for psychiatric diagnoses or symptoms. In the current case, we proposed a process‐based conceptualization and treatment for a woman with concomitant problematic substance use and emotional symptoms. Our idiosyncratic process‐based conceptualization showed that for this person, substance abuse consisted in a maladaptive coping strategy to deal with repetitive negative thinking and poor emotion regulation skills, for which we decided to use a mindfulness‐based intervention. Treatment comprised 8 weeks of individually delivered mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy sessions. A comprehensive assessment of psychiatric symptoms and psychological processes was conducted at baseline, post‐intervention and 3‐month follow‐up. The post‐treatment assessment revealed that psychological processes targeted by the intervention were improved, together with the mindfulness trait. At the symptom‐based level, we observed a significant reduction in substance abuse and emotional symptoms. Treatment gains were maintained at follow‐up. From a process‐based perspective, this result implies that the intervention successfully targeted the psychological processes underlying the presenting symptoms. Adopting a process‐based approach rather than symptom‐ or syndrome‐based approaches is a valuable alternative in the conceptualization and treatment of complex cases presenting with multiple comorbidities.
Automatic phase error compensation of rotary traveling wave oscillator: Analysis and design
Authors: Fallahtabar Aida , Abbasalizadeh Soolmaz , Miar Naimi Hossein 
Published: January 2023

SummaryA new rotary traveling wave oscillator (RTWO) with automatic phase error compensation feedback is proposed in this paper. By introducing a new negative transconductor (−Gm cell) circuit, the currents in four −Gm cells adjust differently to cancel the phase errors. To better understand the new RTWO phase error compensation technique and design procedure of the whole system, the system analysis for describing the phase error compensation technique is provided. The design considerations of each block of the new RTWO at the circuit level are clarified. Besides, the stability of the whole system is analyzed. Appropriate simulations have been done in 0.18 μm CMOS technology with a 1.8 V supply voltage to evaluate the new RTWO performance and its accuracy. The evaluations verify the capability of the new RTWO to cancel the phase error.
Lysophosphatidylcholine inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation by regulating fatty acid metabolism enzyme long‐chain acyl‐coenzyme A synthase 5
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Liu Xuanqi , Liu Yifei , Yan Furong , Zeng Yiming , Song Yuanlin , Fang Hao , Song Dongli , Wang Xiangdong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLung cancer is a widespread malignancy with a high death rate and disorder of lipid metabolism. Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) has anti‐tumour effects, although the underlying mechanism is not entirely known. The purpose of this study aims at defining changes in lysoPC in lung cancer patients, the effects of lysoPC on lung cancer cells and molecular mechanisms. Lung cancer cell sensitivity to lysoPC was evaluated and decisive roles of long‐chain acyl‐coenzyme A synthase 5 (ACSL5) in lysoPC regulation were defined by comprehensively evaluating transcriptomic changes of ACSL5‐downregulated epithelia. ACSL5 over‐expressed in ciliated, club and Goblet cells in lung cancer patients, different from other lung diseases. LysoPC inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation, by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, altering lipid metabolisms, increasing fatty acid oxidation and reprograming ACSL5/phosphoinositide 3‐kinase/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase‐regulated triacylglycerol‐lysoPC balance. Thus, this study provides a general new basis for the discovery of reprogramming metabolisms and metabolites as a new strategy of lung cancer precision medicine.
Controlled, Stepwise Syntheses of Oligomers with Modified Quinoxaline Backbones
Authors: Klein Jerome , Jung Nicole , Bräse Stefan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNew oligomers based on quinoxaline units were successfully synthesized through multistep reactions using Wittig coupling, affording (E)‐(quinoxalin‐2‐yl)ethene oligomers. Diverse quinoxaline‐based phosphonium salts were designed and synthesized, enabling versatility and compatibility regarding the oligomer‐building process. The characterization of the oligomers showed excellent stereoisomer specificity, i.e., a fully E‐configurated conjugated π‐system. The oligomers’ light absorption/emission profiles indicate potential properties for an application in materials science.
Synthesis of Highly Emissive Fluorophores Based on Multiply Stacked Anthracene Arrangement
Authors: Santo Keisuke , Uchida Kentaro , Fujimoto Keisuke , Inuzuka Toshiyasu , Hirakawa Kazutaka , Sengoku Tetsuya , Takahashi Masaki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNewly designed fluorophore systems with feather‐like structures were constructed by connecting bisanthracene building units via a concise reaction sequence of bromination, etherification, and desilylation. Spectroscopic characterizations revealed that all of the fluorophore systems achieved high light absorptivity and high emission efficiency by preventing closely spaced anthracene chromophores from mutual interactions to reduce concomitant energy loss by fluorescence quenching. The application of fluorophore systems for the preparation of light‐harvesting dyad materials has successfully demonstrated their potential utility as versatile photofunctional tools.
Performance investigation and estimation of the 1 kWp photovoltaic array for an isolated hilly area in India
Authors: Chaurasia Ravi , Gairola Sanjay , Pal Yash 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the assessment of solar resources, investigation of performance, and estimation of normalized performance indices of a 1 kWp Solar PV system in India's climatology of an isolated hilly area. The monthly and yearly mean normalized performance indices are estimated. The annual mean values of the daylight hours, cell temperature, and ambient temperature are 12.7 h/d, 10.89°C, and 1.25°C, respectively. The yearly mean values and corresponding ranges of monthly mean values of capacity factor, performance ratio, array yield, reference yield, final yield, array capture loss and system loss are obtained as 23.60%, 59.82%, 2.83 h/d, 4.63 h/d, 2.69 h/d, 1.8 h/d, 0.14 h/d and (17.56–29.07)%, (47.93–75.55)%, (2.24–3.42) h/d, (2.85–6.1) h/d, (2.13–3.25) h/d, (0.60–2.99) h/d and (0.11–0.17) h/d, respectively. The Levelized Cost of energy is reduced to 85% and 68.22% by using the proposed solar PV/ battery system compared to DG and DG/Battery systems. A saving of 14.8 kl of diesel and the corresponding reduction of emissions of carbon monoxide (244.22 kilograms), unburned hydrocarbons (10.66 kg), particulates (1.48 kg), and nitrogen Oxides (229.42 kg) have also been achieved per year. These findings effectively provide optimal power solution strategies for policymakers in the concerned area.
A review of the sustainable development goals to make headways through theCOVID‐19 pandemic era
Authors: Bhattacharya Riya , Bose Debajyoti 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 pandemic is still one of the biggest obstacles to meeting the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Helping the world retrieve from the pandemic and reviving activities require expeditiously examining the comprehensive SDG schemes. This paper draws on existing information and a thorough examination of the research to emphasize continuing challenges confronting the SDGs. It also determines the impact of COVID‐19 on sustainable development goal advancements and suggest a standardized framework to encourage the accomplishment of them in the post‐pandemic era. Before the pandemic started, the advancement toward accomplishing the SDGs was lagging. Global problems and the unequal supply of food, water and energy evidently pose a threat to the achievement of the SDGs. An evaluation is provided on the execution of the SDGs and factors such as the instability of the global political climate, geographical disparities, and exchange. Additionally, an insight is provided for post‐pandemic SDG actions on “Classification‐Coordination‐Collaboration” template in order to better understand the global picture. The current state of advancement is presented based on the emergency of SDG accomplishments considering regulations through categorization with science and research, which can realign the SDGs to their original course. The analysis suggests that attaining the SDGs necessitates a coordinated effort from all stakeholders, and collaboration is crucial to bolstering economic relations, encouraging technical development, and constructing a sustainable world.
Altered anticipatory brain responses in eating disorders: A neuroimaging meta‐analysis
Authors: Yu Xinyang , Desrivières Sylvane 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveFunctional neuroimaging studies have found differential neural activation patterns during anticipation‐related paradigms in participants with eating disorders (EDs) compared to controls. However, publications reported conflicting results on the directionality and location of the abnormal activations. There is an urgent need to integrate our existing knowledge of anticipation, both rewarding and aversive, to elucidate these differences.MethodWe conducted an activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta‐analysis to quantitatively review functional neuroimaging studies that evaluated differences between brain correlates of anticipation in participants with and without disordered eating. PubMed, Web of Sciences, PsycINFO, Medline and EMBASE were searched for studies published up to November 2022. Exploratory sub‐analyses to check for differences between reward and non‐reward anticipation among all anticipation paradigms.ResultsTwenty‐one references met the inclusion criteria for meta‐analysis. The meta‐analysis across anticipation all tasks identified a significant hyperactivation cluster in the right putamen in participants with disordered eating (n = 17 experiments) and a significant hypoactivation cluster in the left inferior parietal lobule (n = 13 experiments), in participants with disordered eating compared to controls.ConclusionsThese findings and sub‐analyses of reward‐ and non‐reward‐related cues suggest potential pathophysiological mechanisms underlying anticipatory responses to rewarding and aversive cues in ED.
Forecasting sovereign risk in the Euro area via machine learning
Authors: Belly Guillaume , Boeckelmann Lukas , Caicedo Graciano Carlos Mateo , Di Iorio Alberto , Istrefi Klodiana , Siakoulis Vasileios , Stalla‐Bourdillon Arthur 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe test the usefulness of machine learning (ML) for the valuation and pricing of sovereign risk in the Euro area along two important dimensions: i) its predictive accuracy compared with traditional econometric methods, and ii) its assessment of the main economic factors underlying market perceptions of sovereign risk.We find that ML techniques can capture the dynamics inherent in the market valuation of country risk far more efficiently than traditional econometric models, both in the cross‐section and in the time series. Moreover, we show that public sentiment about financial news, redenomination fears and the degree of hawkishness/dovishness expressed in the ECB president's speeches are major contributors to sovereign bond spreads. We also confirm that macroeconomic and global financial factors affect sovereign risk assessment and the corresponding formation of sovereign spreads.
Physical multimorbidity, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts among adults aged ≥50 years from low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Smith Lee , Shin Jae Il , López Sánchez Guillermo F. , Kostev Karel , Jacob Louis , Tully Mark A. , Butler Laurie , Barnett Yvonne , Veronese Nicola , Soysal Pinar , Abduljabbar Adel S. , Haro Josep Maria , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe association between physical multimorbidity and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts among older adults from low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) is largely unknown. We aimed to assess this association as well as its mediators using nationally representative data from six LMICs.MethodsCross‐sectional, community‐based data from the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health were analyzed. A total of 11 chronic physical conditions were assessed. Self‐reported information on past 12‐month suicidal ideation and suicide attempts was also collected. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses were conducted.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 34,129 adults aged ≥50 years (mean [SD] age 62.4 (16.0) years; maximum age 114 years; 52.1% females). In the overall sample, physical multimorbidity was associated with increased odds for suicidal ideation (OR = 2.99; 95% CI = 2.06–4.34) and suicide attempts (OR = 2.79; 95% CI = 1.58–4.95), with the association being stronger in males than females. The association between multimorbidity and suicidal ideation or suicide attempts was largely mediated by pain/discomfort (mediated% 33.3%–44.2%), sleep/energy (28.2%–33.8%), and mobility limitations (26.6%–34.8%).ConclusionsPhysical multimorbidity among older adults in LMICs was associated with a substantially increased risk for suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Addressing the identified mediators in people with physical multimorbidity may aid in the prevention of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
Extreme temperatures, mortality, and adaptation: Evidence from the county level in China
Authors: Liao Hua , Zhang Chen , Burke Paul J. , Li Ru , Wei Yi‐Ming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtreme temperatures are known to cause adverse health outcomes. Yet knowledge on the magnitude of this effect in developing countries is limited due to data availability and reliability issues. Collecting data for 2872 counties in China, we estimate the effects of daily temperatures on the monthly mortality rate. The results indicate that an additional day for which the maximum temperature is 38°C or above on average increases the monthly mortality rate by about 1.7% relative to if that day's maximum temperature had been in the range 16–21°C. This is after deducting deaths harvested from the subsequent month. Higher gross domestic product per capita at the county level is associated with lower mortality effects of hot and cold days. Improved dwelling conditions are found to be associated with a lower mortality effect of hot days and improved local healthcare infrastructure to be associated with a lower mortality effect of cold days. In the absence of strong adaptation efforts, the estimates suggest net upward pressure on annual mortality rates over coming decades in many populous counties, especially under more extreme climate change scenarios.
Flushing or mixing? Stable water isotopes reveal differences in arctic forest and peatland soil water seasonality
Authors: Muhic Filip , Ala‐Aho Pertti , Noor Kashif , Welker Jeffrey M. , Klöve Björn , Marttila Hannu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the relative importance of different water sources that replenish soil water storage is necessary to assess the vulnerability of sub‐arctic areas to changes in climate and altered rain and snow conditions, reflected in the timing and magnitude of water infiltration. We examine spatiotemporal variability and seasonal origin of soil water at the soil‐vegetation interface in Pallas catchment, located in northern Finland. The field study was conducted from May 2019 to June 2020 over two snowmelt seasons and one summer growing season. We sampled soil cores up to a 1‐m depth and stem water of dominant tree species at four sites located in forests and forested peatlands for stable water isotopes. Seasonal rainfall variation and late snowmelt events were well identifiable in the well‐drained soils of forested areas, while this input signal is heavily attenuated in wetter, forested peatland areas. Spatiotemporal variability of soil water in two forest sites was similar, whereas soil water storage in peatland sites was controlled by the extent of hydrologic connectivity to the adjoining water pools. A mixture of both summer and winter precipitation was present in peatlands during the entire study period, while forest mineral soils showed an ephemeral response to water input and got nearly fully flushed twice during the hydrological year. Meltwater signal in forest soils was dominant after snowmelt and in early spring but became displaced by isotopically enriched rainfall during the summer. Seasonal evolution of soil water pools was not reflected in tree stem dynamics but offset between soil and stem water isotopic signals was less pronounced in forested peatlands. This field data set uncovered seasonal changes of soil water isotopic signal at high depth‐resolution, quantifying the importance of snowmelt water in replenishing and sustaining soil water storage in sub‐arctic conditions.
Educational (mis)match in the context of new manufacturing: A qualitative comparative analysis study in five European countries
Authors: Barzotto Mariachiara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe article examines the interplay between shop‐floor employees' educational levels, and firms' training strategies (expressed by the breadth of the training, the extent of the advanced IT training, and skills development in collaboration with local or national technical schools), leading to multinational companies' educational (mis)match in the context of the new model of manufacturing, known as ‘Industry 4.0.’ Following a survey of 26 senior managers from different companies operating in four advanced manufacturing industries (biotech, engineering, fashion and new materials) in five European countries (Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden and the UK), a fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (fs/QCA) is applied. The results suggest several equifinal paths to corporate educational (mis)match. The findings reveal the need for a more hybridised coexistence between tertiary education and training activities, which can emerge from the cooperation of local actors (education/training institutions and businesses together). Tertiary education, training programmes focused on advanced IT skills, and collaborating with local knowledge providers can reinforce the effect; indeed, their presence (singly or in combination) intensifying the achievement of high levels of educational match. In the absence of these conditions (singly or in combination), a broad training programme can act as a counterbalance and vice versa. Policymakers should put in place tools to enable more inclusive access to collaborations between local businesses and knowledge providers, promoting an upgrade of educational programmes to develop shop‐floor workers who are more digitally aware, and better prepared to successfully undertake non‐routine cognitive tasks. This would foster the self‐sustainability and flourishing of advanced manufacturing in high‐income countries.