bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An infinite family of 0-APN monomials with two parameters
Authors: Kaleyski Nikolay , Nesheim Kjetil , Stănică Pantelimon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe consider an infinite family of exponents e(l, k) with two parameters, l and k, and derive sufficient conditions for e(l, k) to be 0-APN over $${\mathbb F}_{2^n}$$

F

2
n

. These conditions allow us to generate, for each choice of l and k, an infinite list of dimensions n where $$x^{e(l,k)}$$

x

e
(
l
,
k
)

is 0-APN much more efficiently than in general. We observe that the Gold and Inverse exponents, as well as the inverses of the Gold exponents can be expressed in the form e(l, k) for suitable l and k. We characterize all cases in which e(l, k) can be cyclotomic equivalent to a representative from the Gold, Kasami, Welch, Niho, and Inverse families of exponents. We characterize when e(l, k) can lie in the same cyclotomic coset as the Dobbertin exponent (without considering inverses) and provide computational data showing that the Dobbertin inverse is never equivalent to e(l, k). We computationally test the APN-ness of e(l, k) for small values of l and k over $${\mathbb F}_{2^n}$$

F

2
n

for $$n \le 100$$

n
≤
100

, and sketch the limits to which such tests can be performed using currently available technology. We conclude that there are no APN monomials among the tested functions, outside of the known classes.
Exact methods for discrete $${\varGamma }$$-robust interdiction problems with an application to the bilevel knapsack problem
Authors: Beck Yasmine , Ljubić Ivana , Schmidt Martin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeveloping solution methods for discrete bilevel problems is known to be a challenging task—even if all parameters of the problem are exactly known. Many real-world applications of bilevel optimization, however, involve data uncertainty. We study discrete min-max problems with a follower who faces uncertainties regarding the parameters of the lower-level problem. Adopting a $$\varGamma $$
Γ
-robust approach, we present an extended formulation and a multi-follower formulation to model this type of problem. For both settings, we provide a generic branch-and-cut framework. Specifically, we investigate interdiction problems with a monotone $$\varGamma $$
Γ
-robust follower and we derive problem-tailored cuts, which extend existing techniques that have been proposed for the deterministic case. For the $$\varGamma $$
Γ
-robust knapsack interdiction problem, we computationally evaluate and compare the performance of the proposed algorithms for both modeling approaches.
Characterization and algorithm for bivariate multi-unit assignment valuations
Authors: Otsuka Takafumi , Shioura Akiyoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA multi-unit assignment valuation is a function represented by a weighted bipartite graph. In this paper, we provide a characterization of such a function in terms of maximizer sets of perturbed functions. We then present an algorithm that checks whether a given bivariate function is a multi-unit assignment valuation, and if the answer is “yes,” computes a weighted bipartite graph representing the function.
From Abstinence to Deviance: Sexual Stereotypes Associated With Transgender and Nonbinary Individuals
Authors: Anzani Annalisa , Siboni Laura , Lindley Louis , Paz Galupo M. , Prunas Antonio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Stereotypes around sex and gender have played an important role in shaping experiences of discrimination and social injustice for trans individuals. In addition, trans identities have been historically associated with sexual deviance and pathology in the psychomedical literature. In the present study, we investigated stereotypes associated with trans people’s sexuality.

Methods
We recruited 297 transmasculine and nonbinary individuals for an online study. In an open-ended question, participants were asked to describe stereotypes they have encountered regarding the sex lives of trans people they felt were inaccurate.

Results
Thematic analysis revealed four overarching themes: (1) deviance; (2) discomfort with trans sexuality as stigmatizing; (3) stereotypes based on gender; and (4) absence of stereotyping.

Conclusion
Results highlight the ways trans sexuality is exoticized. Findings also underscore that sexual stereotyping of trans individuals is, at times, based on assigned sex and, at other times, based on gender identity.

Policy Implications
Stereotypes, particularly those related to sexuality, may seem harmless, but they can have far-reaching consequences on interpersonal relationships and societal systems. Challenging stereotypes in policies and social environments is crucial for promoting inclusivity and community welfare.
High burden of RSV and influenza in patients presenting with suspected pneumonia in the emergency room of a German tertiary hospital in fall of 2022
Authors: Ettemeyer Marlene , Florey Maria , Tanida Konstantin , Jochum Johannes , Schulze-Sturm Ulf , Lütgehetmann Marc , Baehr Michael , Addo Marylyn M. , Schmiedel Stefan , Rohde Holger , Koch Till 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Bacterial pneumonia, a major cause of respiratory tract infections (RTI), can be challenging to diagnose and to treat adequately, especially when seasonal viral pathogens co-circulate. The aim of this study was to give a real-world snapshot of the burden of respiratory disease and treatment choices in the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary care hospital in Germany in the fall of 2022.

Methods
Anonymized analysis of a quality control initiative that prospectively documented all patients presenting to our ED with symptoms suggestive of RTI from Nov 7th to Dec 18th, 2022.

Results
243 patients were followed at the time of their ED attendance. Clinical, laboratory and radiographic examination was performed in 92% of patients (224/243). Microbiological work-up to identify causative pathogens including blood cultures, sputum or urine-antigen tests were performed in 55% of patients (n = 134). Detection of viral pathogens increased during the study period from 7 to 31 cases per week, while bacterial pneumonias, respiratory tract infections without detection of a viral pathogen and non-infectious etiologies remained stable. A high burden of bacterial and viral co-infections became apparent (16%, 38/243), and co-administration of antibiotic and antiviral treatments was observed (14%, n = 35/243). 17% of patients (41/243) received antibiotic coverage without a diagnosis of a bacterial etiology.

Conclusion
During the fall of 2022, the burden of RTI caused by detectable viral pathogens increased unusually early. Rapid and unexpected changes in pathogen distribution highlight the need for targeted diagnostics to improve the quality of RTI management in the ED.
Semi-infinite interval equilibrium problems: optimality conditions and existence results
Authors: Ruiz-Garzón Gabriel , Osuna-Gómez Rafaela , Rufián-Lizana Antonio , Beato-Moreno Antonio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to obtain new Karush–Kuhn–Tucker optimality conditions for solutions to semi-infinite interval equilibrium problems with interval-valued objective functions. The Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions for the semi-infinite interval programming problem are particular cases of those found in this paper for constrained equilibrium problem. We illustrate this with some examples. In addition, we obtain solutions to the interval equilibrium problem in the unconstrained case. The results presented in this paper extend the corresponding results in the literature.
Effects of the Inclusion of Ce and Ni Species on Ti for Modification of K10-Clay by Sol-Gel and their Use as Catalysts in the Liquid-Phase Esterification Systems
Authors: Rangel-Porras G. , Quiroga-Almaguer A. , Ramírez-Hernández A. , Bachiller-Baeza B. , Pfeiffer-Perea H. , Rangel-Rivera P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe modification of montmorillonite with metallic species affects directly its crystalline structure, texture, porosity, and surface. The interaction of the metallic molecules with the clay matrix, derived from the modification pathway and the characteristics of the adsorbate, modifies the physicochemical properties of montmorillonite, enabling the creation of materials with varied characteristics to be used both as catalysts and adsorbents. Small amounts of metallic species can confer various structural and physicochemical characteristics on the same montmorillonite matrix, depending on the metal incorporated. The objective of the present study was to create an acid-base catalyst based on montmorillonite K10 (K10 Mnt), modified with Ti, Ce, and Ni, for the catalytic esterification of acetic acid and penta-1-ol. K10-Mnt was modified using particles of Ti and of Ti modified with Ce and Ni. The effect of the inclusion of Ti and modified Ti species on the transformation of the physicochemical properties of the K10 Mnt and their contributions to the catalytic esterification syntheses were investigated. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy coupled to an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy system (SEM-EDS), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), physisorption of N2 at 77 K (BET and BJH), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DTGA). Finally, the original and modified K10 Mnt samples were tested for their catalytic esterification of acetic acid and penta-1-ol in the liquid phase.
Experiencing respect elongates the orienting response: a pilot study
Authors: Kondoh Sotaro , Fujimura Tomomi , Nakatani Hironori , Muto Sera , Nonaka Yulri , Okanoya Kazuo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRespect is an emotion that promotes self-improvement, often experienced when recognizing superior traits in others. The present study aimed to investigate one of its action tendencies. Since previous studies have suggested that respected persons are role models, we hypothesized that respect prolongs the orienting response of paying attention to the persons and examined the related phasic decrease in heart rate (HR). We presented a stimulus (an episode followed by a photograph) about each participant's parents, teachers, affectively respected persons (other than parents and teachers), and the unknown persons as a control. Participants read the episode, looked at the photo, and rated the extent of experiencing respect. As a result, we found that the averaged HR across conditions declined during stimulus presentation but that the change scores of HRs from the minimum value increased only in the control condition: the HRs of the other conditions (parents, teachers, and affectively respected persons) did not recover. Furthermore, we confirmed a significant correlation between respect ratings and the reduction in HRs by performing a partial correlation analysis that controlled for familiarity with the persons. As a pilot study, these results suggest that respect elongates the orienting response.
PDE for the joint law of the pair of a continuous diffusion and its running maximum
Authors: Coutin Laure , Pontier Monique 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLet X be a d-dimensional diffusion and M the running supremum of its first component. In this paper, we show that for any
$t>0,$
the density (with respect to the
$(d+1)$
-dimensional Lebesgue measure) of the pair
$\big(M_t,X_t\big)$
is a weak solution of a Fokker–Planck partial differential equation on the closed set
$\big\{(m,x)\in \mathbb{R}^{d+1},\,{m\geq x^1}\big\},$
using an integral expansion of this density.
Perceptions of an automated benchmarking dashboard for antimicrobial stewardship programs among antimicrobial stewards within the veterans’ health administration: a multicenter qualitative study
Authors: Jones DeShauna , Marra Alexandre R. , Livorsi Daniel , Perencevich Eli , Goto Michihiko 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective:
To evaluate the impact of a multicenter, try automated dashboard on ASP activities and its acceptance among ASP leaders.

Design:
Frontline stewards were asked to participate in semi-structured interviews before and after implementation of a web-based ASP information dashboard providing risk-adjusted benchmarking, longitudinal trends, and analysis of antimicrobial usage patterns at each facility.

Setting:
The study was performed at Iowa City VA Health Care System.

Participants:
ASP team members from nine medical centers in the VA Midwest Health Care Network (VISN 23).

Methods:
Semi-structured interviews were conducted pre- and post-implementation, with interview guides informed by clinical experiences and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Participants evaluated the dashboard’s ease of use, applicability to ongoing ASP activities, perceived validity and reliability, and relative advantage over other ASP monitoring systems.

Results:
Compared to established stewardship data collection and reporting methods, participants found the dashboard more intuitive and accessible, allowing them to reduce dependence on other systems and staff to obtain and share data. Standardized and risk-adjusted rankings were largely accepted as a valuable benchmarking method; however, participants felt their facility’s characteristics significantly influenced the rankings’ validity. Participants recognized staffing, training, and uncertainty with using the dashboard as an intervention tool as barriers to consistent and comprehensive dashboard implementation.

Conclusions:
Participants generally accepted the dashboard’s risk-adjusted metrics and appreciated its usability. While creating automated tools to rigorously benchmark antimicrobial use across hospitals can be helpful, the displayed metrics require further validation, and the longitudinal utility of the dashboard warrants additional study.
Branched-chain amino acids as adjunctive-alternative treatment in patients with autism: a pilot study
Authors: Aspragkathou Despoina D. , Spilioti Martha G. , Gkampeta Anastasia , Dalpa Efterpi , Holeva Vasiliki , Papadopoulou Maria T. , Serdari Aspasia , Dafoulis Vaios , Zafeiriou Dimitrios I. , Evangeliou Athanasios E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) is a group of essential amino acids that are involved in maintaining the energy balance of a human being as well as the homoeostasis of GABAergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. Disruption of these systems has been associated with the pathophysiology of autism while low levels of these amino acids have been discovered in patients with autism. A pilot open-label, prospective, follow-up study of the use of BCAA in children with autistic behaviour was carried out. Fifty-five children between the ages of 6 and 18 participated in the study from May 2015 to May 2018. We used a carbohydrate-free BCAA-powdered mixture containing 45·5 g of leucine, 30 g of isoleucine and 24·5 g of valine in a daily dose of 0·4 g/kg of body weight which was administered every morning. Following the initiation of BCAA administration, children were submitted to a monthly psychological examination. Beyond the 4-week mark, BCAA were given to thirty-two people (58·18 %). Six of them (10·9 %) discontinued after 4–10 weeks owing to lack of improvement. The remaining twenty-six children (47·27 %) who took BCAA for longer than 10 weeks displayed improved social behaviour and interactions, as well as improvements in their speech, cooperation, stereotypy and, principally, their hyperactivity. There were no adverse reactions reported during the course of the treatment. Although these data are preliminary, there is some evidence that BCAA could be used as adjunctive treatment to conventional therapeutic methods for the management of autism.
Effects of partial replacement of red and processed meat with non-soya legumes on bone and mineral metabolism and amino acid intakes in BeanMan randomised clinical trial
Authors: Itkonen Suvi T. , Karhu Piia , Pellinen Tiina , Lehtovirta Mikko , Kaartinen Niina E. , Männistö Satu , Päivärinta Essi , Pajari Anne-Maria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe transition towards more plant-based diets may pose risks for bone health such as low vitamin D and Ca intakes. Findings for the contribution of animal and plant proteins and their amino acids (AA) to bone health are contradictory. This 6-week clinical trial aimed to investigate whether partial replacement of red and processed meat (RPM) with non-soya legumes affects AA intakes and bone turnover and mineral metabolism in 102 healthy 20–65-year-old men. Participants were randomly assigned to diet groups controlled for RPM and legume intake (designed total protein intake (TPI) 18 E%): the meat group consumed 760 g RPM per week (25 % TPI) and the legume group consumed non-soya legume-based products (20 % TPI) and 200 g RPM per week, the upper limit of the Planetary Health Diet (5 % TPI). No differences in bone (bone-specific alkaline phosphatase; tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b) or mineral metabolism (25-hydroxyvitamin D; parathyroid hormone; fibroblast growth factor 23; phosphate and Ca) markers or Ca and vitamin D intakes were observed between the groups (P > 0·05). Methionine and histidine intakes were higher in the meat group (P ≤ 0·042), whereas the legume group had higher intakes of arginine, asparagine and phenylalanine (P ≤ 0·013). Mean essential AA intakes in both groups met the requirements. Increasing the proportion of non-soya legumes by reducing the amount of RPM in the diet for 6 weeks did not compromise bone turnover and provided on average adequate amounts of AA in healthy men, indicating that this ecologically sustainable dietary change is safe and relatively easy to implement.
Anomic suicides on rise during recently emerging crises: revisiting Durkheim’s model
Authors: Kar Sujita Kumar , Singh Shivangini 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSuicide is a global public health issue, with behavior differing across genders, age groups, places, and sociopolitical settings. Emile Durkheim characterized anomic suicide as occurring when social standards fail, resulting in purposelessness and directionlessness. Young people who are experiencing social issues are in danger, even if they do not voice suicidal ideas. Prevention interventions should target these people by strengthening resilience, minimizing social dysregulation stress, and fostering the development of life skills, coping resources, and social support. Anomic suicide has important psychological and societal implications, emphasizing the importance of fostering social cohesion and assisting persons experiencing purposelessness or a lack of direction in life.
Genetic structure analysis and genetic fingerprinting of pomegranate cultivars (Punica granatum L.) by using SCoT molecular markers
Authors: Sadeghi Seresht Elham , Karimi Hamid Reza , Malekzadeh Khalil , Mirdehghan Seyed Hossein , Mohamadi Mirik Ali Akbar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGenetic diversity and genetic relatedness among 50 genotypes from eight countries, including Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Syria, Lebanon, India, Yemen, and the United States located in two continents of Asia and the America, were assessed using SCoT markers. A total of 213 bands were produced; 100% of them were polymorphic; the average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.39. The mean Nei's gene diversity and Shannon's index were 0.33 and 0.49, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance suggested significant genetic differences within pomegranate populations. 99% of variance occurs within the populations, whereas 1% of the variation was recorded among the populations of pomegranate. Cluster analysis using SCoT markers able to group genotypes based on their geographical origins. Based on cluster analysis, the genotypes studied were divided into two main groups. The first group included most Asian genotypes, while American genotypes along with some Asian genotypes were in the second group. In the first group, Iranian genotypes were grouped with genotypes from Afghanistan and India. In the second group, the genotypes belonging to the America were in the same group as most of the genotypes of Turkmenistan. According to the present study, SCoT markers can be used to evaluate genetic diversity, identification and DNA fingerprinting pomegranate genotypes of different origins. This information can be used in breeding programs and the management of pomegranate collections.
Fatal Places? Contextual Effects on Infant and Child Mortality in Early Twentieth Century England and Wales
Authors: Reid Alice , Garrett Eilidh , Jaadla Hannaliis , Schürer Kevin , Rafferty Sarah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper takes, as its starting point, Preston and Haines’ observation in Fatal Years that social class was the most important influence on infant and child mortality in England and Wales in the early twentieth century. A subsequent study suggested that this could in part be due to the spatial distribution of the different classes across different types of place, and that some of the mortality differences by social class might actually reflect the contextual effects of healthy and unhealthy places. Although this line of argument has received a considerable amount of attention in health geography literature, it has rarely been examined for a specific historic period, and then only within particular urban areas. In this paper, we apply multi-level models to a complete count individual-level dataset of the 1911 census of England and Wales, comparing influences on infant and child mortality at the level of the individual couple and for two spatial levels. We find that although most variation in infant and child mortality operates at the individual level, there is also important variation at the two spatial levels and part of the mortality differences between social classes is better explained by the areas in which people lived rather than by their social class. A consideration of independent variables at all three levels suggests that different spatial scales capture different sorts of influences on early age mortality.
Temperature Calibration of Elevated Mg/Ca in Planktic Foraminifera Shells From the Hypersaline Gulf of Aqaba
Authors: Levy N. , Torfstein A. , Schiebel R. , Chernihovsky N. , Jochum K. P. , Weis U. , Stoll B. , Haug G. H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Mg/Ca of marine calcareous Planktic Foraminifera (PF) shells is commonly used for sea surface temperature reconstructions. However, compared to open marine environments, hypersaline (>40) oligotrophic seas have been shown to accommodate PF with higher Mg/Ca and divergent temperature to Mg/Ca relationships. To investigate influencing factors of PF Mg uptake in hypersaline regions, we measured the Mg/Ca of two flux‐dominating PF species, Globigerinoides ruber albus and Turborotalita clarkei, derived from a monthly resolved time series of sediment traps in the Gulf of Aqaba, northern Red Sea as well as the corresponding temperature, salinity, and pH values. The PF exhibit elevated Mg/Ca which cannot be explained by post‐deposition or interstitial sediment diagenetic processes. G. ruber albus displays Mg/Ca trends that strongly follow seasonal mixed layer temperature changes. Conversely, T. clarkei Mg/Ca trends do not follow temperature but rather show significant Mg/Ca enrichment following mixing of the surface water column. We present a framework for incorporating elevated Mg/Ca into global Mg/Ca‐T calibrations for G. ruber albus and present a new Mg/Ca‐T calibration suitable for hypersaline marine environments.