bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐time visualization of skeletal muscle necrosis in mice and swine through NIR‐II/I fluorescence imaging
Authors: Yu Yifeng , Wang Zheng , Gao Siqi , Wu Yifan , Yu Aixi , Wu Fei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAvulsion often occurs in the limb due to heavy shearing forces which not only damage skeletal muscle but also main vessels, resulting in life‐threatening muscle ischemia and necrosis. Defining muscle activity is vital for surgical repair. Currently, the color, capacity of blood, contractibility, and consistency (4C) are the primary principles for evaluating the activities of torn muscles. Based on clinical experiences, this standard turns out to be delayed diagnosis, which is not defined by specific parameters. Recently, near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescence probes emitting within the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II, 1000–1700 nm) have been widely used for non‐invasive optical imaging because the tissue absorption and autofluorescence in the NIR‐II region are negligible, thus allowing deeper penetration depths with micrometer‐scale spatial resolution in vivo. As pathogenesis and development of muscle necrosis, necrosis‐related protein may participate in this procedure. There is promising future for NIR‐II to be used in evaluating muscle activity in avulsion. A new approach is developed based on experiments with mice and large animals (swine). Myoblasts were incubated with indocyanine green (ICG) to identify the necrosis muscles. The model of extremity damaged muscle was established for the real‐time visualization and detection of developed necrosis muscle field under new equipment, both in balb/c mice (female) and long‐haired swines. A visible NIR‐II/I imaging system was first used in a large animal injured skeletal muscle‐related model. Our NIR‐II/I imaging system is suitable for evaluating the normal and injured skeletal muscle ICG cycle and pointing to the necrotic skeletal muscle tissue. NIR‐II imaging is superior to NIR‐I imaging in estimating skeletal muscle, best with 1100 nm filter. NIR‐II fluorescence with 1100 nm filter is suitable for analyzing the progress of necrosis muscle tissue, leading to a new approach for intraoperative evaluation.
Multiphoton imaging of the monosachharide induced formation of fluorescent advanced glycation end products in tissues
Authors: Lin Chih‐Ju , Mondal Sohidul , Lee Sheng‐Lin , Kang Jeon‐Woong , So Peter T. C. , Dong Chen Yuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe studied the in vitro rate of fluorescent advanced glycation end products (fAGEs) formation with multiphoton microscopy in different porcine tissues (aorta, cornea, kidney, dermis, and tendon). These tissues were treated with d‐glucose, d‐galactose, and d‐fructose, three primary monosaccharides found in human diets. We found that the use of d‐fructose resulted in the highest glycation rate, followed by d‐galactose and then d‐glucose. Moreover, compared to non‐collagen tissue constituents such as elastic fibers and cells, the rate of tissue glycation was consistently higher in collagen, suggesting that collagen is a more sensitive target for fAGE formation. However, we also found that collagen in different tissues exhibits different rates of fAGE formation, with slower rates observed in tightly packed tissues such as cornea and tendon. Our study suggests that for fAGE to be developed into a long‐term glycemic biomarker, loosely organized collagen tissues located in the proximity of vasculature may be the best targets.
Novel protein products encoded by upstream open reading frames of the MYCN gene in pediatric embryonal tumors
Authors: Jang Chorong , Blume Scott W. , Choi Hyoung Soo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe MYCC and MYCN loci are each associated with two upstream open reading frames (uORFs) potentially encoding small proteins (9–21 kDa). We previously demonstrated that uORFs mrtl and MYCHEX1 of MYCC are translated, and their protein products may function to regulate the expression of the “parent” oncogene. We hypothesized that a similar relationship might exist between MYCN and its two uORFs: MYCNOT and MNOP, and investigated the uORF‐encoded proteins associated with MYCN to confirm their expression and intracellular location in neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma cells and tissues. MNOP, MYCNOT, mrtl, and MYCHEX1 were readily detected via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis in tumor cell lines. In tumor tissue, MNOP protein expression was confirmed; however, MCYNOT generated from alternative splicing MYCNΔ1b mRNA was not detected. Immunofluorescence staining of MYCNOT displayed multiple bright foci in the nucleus and diffuse staining in the cytoplasm, suggesting that this small protein may function in both the nucleus and cytoplasm. Upon JQ1 treatment, MYCN, MYCNOT, and mrtl decreased substantially or disappeared completely in three different tumor cell lines. Significant levels of apoptosis were observed in each pediatric embryonal tumor cell line but not T47D breast carcinoma cells, suggesting that response to JQ1 transcriptional inhibition is greatest in tumor cells, which depend on MYC to maintain an undifferentiated phenotype. In conclusion, both MYCN uORF‐encoded proteins MNOP and MYCNOT, together with the two MYCC uORF‐encoded proteins mrtl and MYCHEX1 were detected simultaneously in tumor cell lines and tumor tissues. These four distinct proteins are translated from the “5′‐untranslated region” of MYCN or MYCC mRNA and display consistent distribution patterns within the cell. Additional studies to further elucidate the physiological and pathological roles of these uORF‐encoded proteins are warranted, as insights gained could inform new strategies for modulating MYC‐family oncogenes by targeting their uORFs.
Primary cilium‐mediated signaling cascade suppresses age‐related biliary fibrosis
Authors: Hong Renjie , Tian Xiaoyu , Ma Hongbo , Ni Hua , Yang Jia , Bu Weiwen , Li Te , Yang Song , Li Dengwen , Liu Min , Tan Yanjie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe primary cilium is increasingly recognized as a crucial player in the physiology of biliary epithelial cells (BECs). However, the precise role of primary cilia in the development of age‐related biliary fibrosis remains unclear. Herein, using cilium‐deficient mice, we demonstrate that disruption of ciliary homeostasis in BECs in aged mice leads to significant bile duct proliferation, augmented biliary fibrosis, and heightened indicators of liver injury. Our RNA‐sequencing data revealed a dysregulation in genes associated with various biological processes such as bile secretion, fatty acid metabolism, and inflammation. Loss of primary cilia also significantly enhanced signaling pathways driving the development of biliary fibrosis. Our findings collectively suggest that loss of primary cilia in the BECs of aged mice initiates a cascade of signaling events that contribute to biliary fibrosis, highlighting the primary cilium as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of fibrosing cholangiopathies.
Challenges of reliable AFM‐tip shape reconstruction and approximation
Authors: Morozov Ilya A. , Izyumov Roman I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReliable reconstruction of AFM tip geometry is not an easy task. The shape of the tip can be (partially) reconstructed from the AFM image of a calibration sample using a blind reconstruction method. The result is a range of the tip shapes (from unrealistically sharp to blunt). A criterion for selecting the true shape is proposed. It is based on reconstruction of the calibration relief. Further refining the probe geometry by indenting an elastic polymer is discussed. The choice of the test sample is another problem. In practice, the researcher has a small number of commercially available test gratings. Their limitations are highlighted. An approximation of tip geometry by a body of revolution is required in indentation experiments. A hyperboloid was found to be the closest approximation to the conventional probes. The contact area was obtained for the hyperboloids with different parameters indenting an elastic material.Research Highlights
Criteria for blind reconstruction algorithm of AFM tip shape.
Pros and cons of tip shape calibration samples.
Contact area of the elastic indentation by hyperbolic indenter.
Effect of organic carbon structures on the degradation of nonylphenol by hydrogen peroxide in sediment–water system
Authors: Zhang Yongli , Kong Xianglan , Yang Yu , Ran Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA laboratory experiment is conducted to investigate the effects of organic carbon (OC) from riverine and marine sediments on the degradation of ring‐14C‐labeled nonylphenol (14C‐NP) by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Researchers have isolated demineralized OC (DM) before and after oxidation, namely, DM and resistant OC (ROC) fractions, respectively. The structures of DM and ROC are characterized using solid‐state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. Unstable structures (O‐alkyl, OCH3/NCH, and COO/NC=O) show a significant and positive correlation with the degradation of 14C‐NP (R2 > 0.73, p < 0.05), thus suggesting that the NP absorbed in the unstable structures is easily degraded because of the decomposition of unstable components. The stable structures (alkyl C and non‐protonated aromatic C [Arom C─C]) exhibit a significant and negative correlation with the degradation of 14C‐NP (R2 > 0.69, p < 0.05), thus suggesting that the NP absorbed and protected in these resistant structures is minimally degraded. The significant correlations among the degradation kinetic parameters (Frap and Fslow), OC structures (Falip and Farom), and microporosity further illustrate the important protective roles of OC structures and micropores in the degradation of 14C‐NP by H2O2 (R2 > 0.69, p < 0.05). The parent NP fraction that desorbed into the aqueous solution or extracted is completely degraded, indicating preferential degradation of the easily desorbed NP. This study provides important insights into the NP degradation mechanism in sediment–water systems, particularly regarding sediment OC structures and microporosity.
Comparison of the novel Franseen needle versus the fine‐needle aspiration needle in endoscopic ultrasound‐guided tissue acquisition for cancer gene panel testing: A propensity score‐matching analysis
Authors: Mori Tomotaka , Ozawa Eisuke , Shimakura Akane , Takahashi Kosuke , Matsuo Satoshi , Tajima Kazuaki , Nakao Yasuhiko , Fukushima Masanori , Sasaki Ryu , Miuma Satoshi , Miyaaki Hisamitsu , Okano Shinji , Nakao Kazuhiko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimReports have indicated that a surface area of 4 mm2 or more of collected tissue sections could provide the recommended total DNA for the OncoGuide NCC Oncopanel system, which is a cancer gene panel test developed in Japan. We wished to compare the percentage of tissue sections collected by endoscopic ultrasound‐assisted tissue acquisition (EUS‐TA) with surface areas of ≥4 mm2 between a conventional needle, namely the EZ Shot 3 Plus (Olympus Medical Japan, Tokyo, Japan) (EZ3), and the recent SonoTip TopGain (MediGlobe, Rohrdorf, Germany) (TopGain).MethodFrom April 2010 to December 2021, among 693 EUS‐TA cases, EZ3 was used in 390 cases and TopGain in 45. The EZ3 and TopGain groups were matched in a 1:1 ratio with a tolerance of 0.2, with 35 patients each matched using propensity score analysis.ResultsThe TopGain group had a significantly higher percentage of cases with a tissue area of ≥4 mm2 than the EZ3 group (42.9% vs 68.6%, P = 0.030). Multivariate analysis revealed an association between TopGain and tissue areas of ≥4 mm2 (odds ratio 2.996, 95% confidence interval 1.068–8.403, P = 0.037).ConclusionsEUS‐TA using TopGain significantly collected more ≥4 mm2 tissue area compared with EZ3, suggesting its usefulness for cancer gene panel testing.
The severity and yield effects of the chocolate spot disease in faba bean affected by intercropping and nitrogen input
Authors: Luo Chaosheng , Xiao Jingxiu , Guo Zengpeng , Dong Yan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe aim is to study the disease suppression efficiency, yield loss rate, and yield benefits of intercropped faba bean against chocolate spot under nitrogen (N) input, to clarify the effectiveness of intercropping faba beans in controlling chocolate spot and its contribution to yield increase.ResultsFour N input levels and disease suppression treatments were discovered when faba bean–wheat intercropped was used. Adding N enhanced the chocolate spot's area under disease progression curve (AUDPC) by 27.1–69.9%. In contrast to monoculture, intercropping reduced the AUDPC of the chocolate spot by 32.4–51.0% (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the relative control efficacy (RCE) of intercropping at the EShan site was better. With disease suppression or non‐suppression, N input increased grain yield loss and its components in faba bean. The total yield advantage effect (TE) and disease‐suppression effect (DSE) of faba bean intercropped at the two experimental sites were significantly increased under N input (N1 and N2 level). The proportion of recovery yield due to intercropping suppressed disease (DSE/TE ratio) in EShan (52.1%) was higher than that in Xundian (40.9%), and the DSE of intercropping played an indispensable role in the two sites. Regression analysis of AUDPC and grain yield loss amount showed that one unit increase in chocolate spot AUDPC could cause a grain yield loss of 0.38–0.86 kg ha−1. The partial land equivalent ratio (pLER) of intercropping faba beans at the EShan site was > 0.33.ConclusionIn conclusion, intercropped faba bean with N treatment (45–90 kg ha−1) was the best choice for maximizing the intercropping disease control effect. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The Use of a Dehydrated Cellularized Collagen Matrix to Replace Fibrotic Vocal Fold Mucosa
Authors: Hamilton Nick J. I. , Tait Angela , Weil Ben , Daniels Julie 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesFibrosis of the vocal fold lamina propria reduces vocal cord vibration resulting in a chronically hoarse voice. We describe a novel approach using umbilical cord‐derived mesenchymal stem cells in a dehydrated collagen matrix (cellogen) to reconstruct the delicate balance of extracellular matrix within the vocal fold lamina propria whilst limiting the host inflammatory response to the implant.MethodsHuman umbilical cord‐derived mesenchymal stem‐cells were embedded in bovine type I collagen hydrogel and dehydrated using the RAFT™ 3D culture system. The extracellular matrix, cellular viability and composition, paracrine profile, and genomic profile were assessed and the scaffold engrafted onto the hind muscle of NUDE mice.ResultsThe cells retained stem‐cell markers following fabrication and secreted collagen III, fibronectin, and glycosaminoglycans within the scaffold. Electron microscopy showed the scaffold consisted of single strands of protein with interspersed bundles of a similar size to native vocal fold lamina propria. The use of the dehydration step improved cell viability and upregulated the expression of genes important in wound healing and matrix organization compared with unmodified collagen hydrogel carriers. The cells were shown to secrete exosomes and cytokines and, following engraftment within an immunocompromised mouse model, appeared to modulate the host inflammatory response compared with controls.ConclusionThis article provides a scalable cell‐protein scaffold that with further modifications could provide a replacement for lost or damaged vocal fold mucosa. Further investigations are required to assess the mechanical properties of the scaffold and inhibit the differentiation of the umbilical cord‐derived stem‐cells following implantation. Laryngoscope, 134:882–893, 2024
Public health nurse reflections on implementing the New Families home visiting programme: A qualitative study
Authors: Holmberg Fagerlund Bettina , Glavin Kari 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate reflections of public health nurses (PHNs) on implementing the New Families programme, a supplement to the usual Norwegian child health centre programme. It involves user‐led decisions on the content and number of home visits offered by the family's PHN from pregnancy week 28 until the child is 2 years.DesignAn interpretive description approach.MethodsAltogether 206 anonymized, undated reflection notes by PHNs becoming familiar with the programme were collected in 2017–2020. NVivo 12 and inductive content analysis were used to convert the data into manageable segments.ResultsFocusing on childhood experiences and parental role expectations among prospective parents during home visits was seen as a major shift in the nurses' counselling strategy. Providing relevant information to the parents‐to‐be ahead of a meeting was important. Given sufficient staff and guidance, the programme was considered a good basis for building a relationship with the family.
Association of Virtual Away Rotations With Residency Applicant Outcomes in Otolaryngology
Authors: Lenze Nicholas R. , Benjamin William J. , Bohm Lauren A. , Thorne Marc C. , Brenner Michael J. , Mihalic Angela P. , Kupfer Robbi A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine how virtual away rotations might influence interview and match outcomes in otolaryngology.Study DesignCross‐sectional retrospective analysis of survey‐based study.SettingUnited States medical students applying to otolaryngology residency in the 2020 to 2021 cycle.MethodsThe Texas Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency database was queried to identify otolaryngology applicants during the 2020 to 2021 cycle. The primary outcome was mean number of interview offers. χ2 tests, 2‐sided t tests, logistic regression models, and ordinary least squares regression models were used to examine associations with virtual away rotations.ResultsAmong 115 otolaryngology applicants identified, 35 (30.4%) applicants reported completing 1 or more virtual away rotations. Applicants who completed at least 1 virtual away rotation received significantly more interview offers than their counterparts who did not participate in virtual away rotations (mean [SD], 14.9 [8.2] vs 11.6 [7.9]; P < .03). Each virtual away rotation completed was associated with an incremental increase of 2 additional interview offers (β coefficient: 2.29 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.8‐3.7; P < .01]). Applicants who completed a virtual away rotation were more likely to receive an interview from that program (62.7% vs 16.8%, P < .01) and to match there (odds ratio 7.7 [95% CI: 2.7‐21.7]; P < .01) when compared to applicants who had not done the away rotation. Participation in virtual away rotations was not associated with significant improvement in match success (82.9% vs 67.5%; P = .09).ConclusionVirtual away rotations were associated with improved program‐specific interview and match outcomes, as well as a higher overall number of interview offers.
Operationalizing a Free Flap Program for Head and Neck Reconstruction at a Veterans Affairs Hospital
Authors: Hernandez David J. , Xu William , Lim Yuli , Dong Jen L. , Huang Andrew T. , Chiu Louisa , Awad Samir , Joseph Linda , Sandulache Vlad C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to operationalize a head and neck microvascular free tissue transfer (MVFTT) program at a Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital with the emphasis on initiating radiotherapy within 6 weeks of surgery for cancer patients and minimizing readmissions.Study DesignCase series.SettingTertiary care VA hospital.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed on consecutive head and neck MVFTT patients from May 1, 2017 and April 30, 2022. Demographics, patient and disease characteristics, per‐operative data and postoperative outcomes were recorded from the electronic medical record. We sought to compare our rate of 30‐day readmissions with those published in the literature.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐one procedures were performed in the queried timeframe. Eighty‐four percent (119) were performed after oncologic resections and 16% (22) were for nononcologic procedures. The rate of total flap loss was <1% and the rate of partial flap loss was 3.5%. For mucosal defects, the fistula rate was 2.3%. The rate of return to the OR for any reason within 30 days was 7.8%. The 30‐day readmission rate was 6.4% while the rates reported in the literature range from 13% to 20%. One hundred and four patients required postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) and 76% started PORT within 42 days of surgery.ConclusionOperationalizing a head and neck MVFTT program with a VA hospital is safe and allows for the successful delivery of multimodality treatment to cancer patients. These resources can be expanded for the care of head and neck cancer treatment sequelae, such as osteoradionecrosis, and other nononcologic patient needs.
Consensus molecular subtype transition during progression of colorectal cancer
Authors: van de Weerd Simone , Torang Arezo , Zwager Liselotte W , Koelink Pim J , Koster Jan , Bastiaansen Barbara AJ , Lammers Veerle , Longobardi Ciro , Roodhart Jeanine ML , van Krieken J Han , Farina Sarasqueta Arantza , Dekker Evelien , Medema Jan Paul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe consensus molecular subtype (CMS) classification divides colorectal cancer (CRC) into four distinct subtypes based on RNA expression profiles. The biological differences between CMSs are already present in CRC precursor lesions, but not all CMSs pose the same risk of malignant transformation. To fully understand the path to malignant transformation and to determine whether CMS is a fixed entity during progression, genomic and transcriptomic data from two regions of the same CRC lesion were compared: the precursor region and the carcinoma region. In total, 24 patients who underwent endoscopic removal of T1–2 CRC were included. Regions were subtyped for CMS and DNA mutation analysis was performed. Additionally, a set of 85 benign adenomas was CMS‐subtyped. This analysis revealed that almost all benign adenomas were classified as CMS3 (91.8%). In contrast, CMS2 was the most prevalent subtype in precursor regions (66.7%), followed by CMS3 (29.2%). CMS4 was absent in precursor lesions and originated at the carcinoma stage. Importantly, CMS switching occurred in a substantial number of cases and almost all (six out of seven) CMS3 precursor regions showed a shift to a different subtype in the carcinoma part of the lesion, which in four cases was classified as CMS4. In conclusion, our data indicate that CMS3 is related to a more indolent type of precursor lesion that less likely progresses to CRC and when this occurs, it is often associated with a subtype change that includes the more aggressive mesenchymal CMS4. In contrast, an acquired CMS2 signature appeared to be rather fixed during early CRC development. Combined, our data show that subtype changes occur during progression and that CMS3 switching is related to changes in the genomic background through acquisition of a novel driver mutation (TP53) or selective expansion of a clone, but also occurred independently of such genetic changes. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.