bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signatures of the Self-organized Criticality Phenomenon in Precursors of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Li Xiu-Juan , Yang Yu-Peng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Precursors provide important clues to the nature of gamma-ray burst (GRB) central engines and can be used to contain GRB physical processes. In this Letter, we study the self-organized criticality in precursors of long GRBs in the third Swift/Burst Alert Telescope catalog. We investigate the differential and cumulative size distributions of 100 precursors, including peak flux, duration, rise time, decay time, and quiescent time with the Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique. It is found that all of the distributions can be well described by power-law models and understood within the physical framework of a self-organized criticality system. In addition, we inspect the cumulative distribution functions of the size differences with a q-Gaussian function. The scale-invariance structures of precursors further strengthen our findings. Particularly, similar analyses are made in 127 main bursts. The results show that both precursors and main bursts can be attributed to a self-organized criticality system with the spatial dimension S = 3 and driven by a similar magnetically dominated process.
An Evaluation on the Mechanical and Conductive Performance of Electrically Conductive Film Adhesives with Glass Fabric Carriers
Authors: Zhang Weiyu , Zhao Yuan , Liu Zhongwei , Cheng Stone 
Published: September 2023

Conductive assembly film adhesives are extensively employed in medical, telecom, aerospace, and defense systems. Glass fabric cloth is frequently utilized as the carrier in many film adhesives to enhance handling and processability during electronic device assembly. Furthermore, practical applications have shown that film adhesives with glass fabric carriers can bond adherends with severely mismatched coefficients of thermal expansion. However, the impact of embedding glass fabric on the overall performance of assembly films has not been systematically investigated. To address this gap in knowledge, a study was conducted to compare the performance of electrically conductive film adhesives with and without the glass fabric carriers. The study focused on the mechanical performance of the film adhesives, including lap shear strength, tensile modulus, and the ability to manage applications with mismatched coefficients of thermal expansion. Additionally, the study assessed the impact of the carrier on the electrical and thermal conductivity of the film adhesives. Overall, this integrated assessment provides insights into the effectiveness of the glass fabric carrier on the performance of film adhesives.
Attitudes and understanding of complementary and alternative medicine in cancer care: An exploratory study of patients' perspectives in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Imam Shahlla , Aijaz Muneeba , Iffat Wajiha , Jamshed Shazia Qasim , Ismail Nahlah Elkudssiah , Paneerselvam Ganesh Sritheran , Goh Khang Wen , Ming Long Chiau , Sadia Halima , Azhar Iqbal 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the prevalence and types of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) modalities among patients with cancer in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2021 to December 2021. Five hundred patients with cancer were invited to participate in the study. Electronic databases, namely, Google scholar, Publons, EMBASE, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, and ResearchGate was used for questionnaire designed. The self-administered survey included questions on demographic characteristics, education level, socio-economic conditions and information about CAM therapies, prevalence, effectiveness, and common CAM modalities. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software version 22.

Results:
Out of the 500 invited patients, 433 (86.6%) successfully completed and returned the questionnaires. In contrast to patients who were with younger, highly educated, professionally active, higher income, and had advanced cancer, time since diagnosis, type of treatment, cancer types and family history are significantly associated with CAM use. The results showed that 59.8% of the participants were acquainted with complementary and/or alternative medicine and considered safe owing to its natural ingredients. The prevalence of CAM usage among cancer patients was 40.9% and the most widely used CAM modality was herbal medicine (27.7%) and dietary supplements (28.8%). Patients used CAM as a complementary therapy to improve the morphological parameter (28.2%), strengthen the immune system (6.8%), and to decrease the side effects of conventional treatment (18.1%). Most of the respondents get the information regarding CAM therapy from the electronic media (43.2%) and the family members (48%) rather than healthcare personnel.

Conclusions:
Participants used CAM modalities along with the conventional health care practices. Further multicentre studies should be conducted to provide information regarding the usage of CAM therapies and their eventual benefits in patients with cancer.
Type 2 reaction associated sensorineural hearing loss in a drug resistant lepromatous leprosy patient: A case report
Authors: Pawar Harpreet Singh , Singh Itu , Sagar Harish Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Rationale:
Leprosy, a chronic granulomatous disease often present clinically as erythema nodosum leprosum, a type 2 reaction. The involvement of cochlear part of audiovestibular system is a rarity.

Patient concerns:
A 26-year-old male patient with lepromatous leprosy developed bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) during type 2 reactional episode.

Diagnosis:
Recurrent erythema nodosum leprosum in rifampicin-resistant lepromatous leprosy.

Interventions:
Corticosteroids and second-line multidrug therapy.

Outcomes:
The patient improved significantly and was further referred for management of psychosocial impact due to sensorineural hearing loss.

Lessons:
The hearing impairment is a rare complication of type 2 reaction. Any patient with suspected cranial nerve involvement should essentially be screened by tuning fork tests for early detection of hearing impairment and offer timely intervention as required. All high bacteriological index cases should be investigated for antimicrobial resistance in high endemic areas.
“If They Don’t Ask, We Don’t Share” – A Qualitative Study on Barriers and Facilitators to Discussing Mental Health with Obstetric Care Providers in Urban Anganwadis among Pregnant Women in India
Authors: Shanbhag Vandita , Chandra Prabha , Desai Geetha , Bagadia Ashlesha , Dref Martin Le , Bhat Shweta 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
Perinatal period is considered a high risk period for developing mental health problems. Screening for mental health problems is not routine in obstetric care settings in low and middle income countries. This qualitative study among low-income urban pregnant women in India aimed to understand the facilitators and barriers for discussing mental health problems with their obstetric health-care providers.

Materials and Methods:
Two focus group discussions with six pregnant women in each group were conducted using a semi structured interview guide. The transcribed data were translated to English and were analyzed and key themes were identified using a thematic analysis approach.

Results:
Participants had inadequate knowledge about the impact of maternal mental health problems on pregnancy, fetus and infant. The common barriers to discussing mental health problems were families normalizing mental stress, fear that family conflicts being revealed, stigma about being labeled mentally ill, lack of privacy in clinics and obstetric health-care providers being too busy. Women reported that being specifically asked about mental health problems as part of care and a sensitive attitude of the health-care providers encouraged them to discuss their concerns.

Conclusion:
This study identified more barriers than facilitators in discussing about mental health among pregnant women and the need for sensitive screening for mental health problems. To enhance screening and support for maternal mental health problems, it is necessary to increase awareness about the importance of mental health in the perinatal period among women and families. In addition, training obstetric health-care providers in sensitive screening for mental health problems, ensuring privacy in clinics and reducing stigma related to perinatal mental health problems.
Effectiveness of a multimodal intervention in promoting physical activity among sedentary elderly population in socially and economically constrained settings - A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Vasudevan Jyothi , Chellamuthu Lalithambigai , Swarnalatha RS , Ramanathan Meena 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Aging is becoming a major challenge for policymakers. Regular exercise helps keep elderly people mobile, enhances physical and mental abilities, and to some extent delays the effects of chronic illnesses.

Objectives:
To evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal intervention to increase physical activity levels among sedentary elderly living in socially and economically constrained settings.

Materials and Methods:
A quasi-experimental study was conducted in selected old age homes in Puducherry, South India in 2022 for 3 months. Individuals aged ≥60 years, both genders residing in selected old-age homes were included through convenience sampling. The sample size was 36 subjects per arm [three arms namely E1, E2 (intervention arms), and C (control arm)]. Baseline data collection on physical activity was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire in all three arms. The intervention arms (E1 and E2) received a multimodal intervention to promote physical activity. In addition, E1 arms were instructed to perform exercises with an “exercise partner” and to maintain a daily log. At the end of 8 weeks, follow-up data collection was done using the same questionnaire in all three arms. Data entry was done by MS Excel 2010 and analysis using SPSS version 21.

Results:
The mean (SD) of the days of physical activity per week and time of physical activity per day before and after the intervention among E1 and E2 were compared using paired t-tests. The difference between pre- and post-intervention was found to be statistically significant, that is, P value <0.05 in both the groups, thereby proving the effectiveness of the intervention. The difference between the three groups was found to be statistically significant, that is, P value <0.05.

Conclusion:
This multimodal intervention is found to be effective in increasing the physical activity of the participants in the interventional arms. Furthermore, having an exercise partner was found to be beneficial in ensuring motivation and compliance to carry out physical activity among the elderly living in socially and economically constrained settings.
A study on the multidisciplinary diagnostic approach of leprosy: Can we prevent the recrudescence in the post-elimination Indian scenario?
Authors: Mukherjee Mala , Ghatak Dhimoyee , Bhunia Deblina , Das Dipmala , Sinha Ranwir K. , Kumar Nikhil , Roy Asitava Deb 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Leprosy also widely known by the name Hansen’s disease is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae affecting mankind with various clinico-pathological forms. It remained a major public health issue due to associated case load, morbidity and stigma attached to it. India declared elimination of leprosy in the year 2005. However, it is surprising to see that in some parts of the country, the prevalence is still significant. The objective of the study is to describe the spectrum of histopathological profile of leprosy and compare its correlation with clinical diagnosis in this post elimination era.

Methods:
A 24-months prospective study was conducted with clinically diagnosed leprosy cases in a tertiary care hospital in eastern India. Lesions were graded and the histopathological slides along with its bacteriological index (BI) on slit skin smears where possible was reviewed and analyzed. Agreement of histopathological finding with clinical finding was established.

Results:
A total of 220 cases were included in the study. On histopathology, borderline category was the most frequently reported with borderline tuberculoid the most common subtype. Most common clinical feature was hypopigmented plaque, followed by erythematous skin lesions, nodules, macules etc. Bacteriological index was studied in 192 slit skin smears. Moderate agreement between clinical and histopathological diagnosis with kappa measure of inter-rater agreement as 0.457 was noted.

Conclusion:
Clinico-histopathological correlation is pivotal in the accurate diagnosis of leprosy to prevent, treat, and control the resurgence of the disease in the post-elimination era.
Aetiology, clinical profile and management outcome of pneumothorax patients: A prospective study from Central India
Authors: Joshi Priyanka , Sahu Gaurav , Pawar Kamendra Singh , Gupta Vikas 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Pneumothorax (PT) is defined as the presence of air in the pleural cavity. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) arises in an otherwise healthy person without any underlying lung disease. PSP occurs in people aged 20 to 30 years, with a peak incidence in the early twenties. The recurrence rate in spontaneous PT patients is approximately 10%–20%. In the present study, 50 cases of spontaneous PT were undertaken with an aim to analyse aetiology, clinical profile and management outcome of PT patients.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted for a period of 12 months, among 50 patients presenting with unilateral PT. The therapeutic interventions were indicated when there was a loss of volume of lungs of 32% or more, and this loss of volume was calculated using Collins method. The association between the side of PT, smoking status and size of PT were found using the Chi-square test, and the association between variables were considered significant if the P value was <0.05.

Results:
In the present study, the male patients were 92.0% and only 8.0% of patients were females. The further history-taking of patients had shown that the mode of onset of PT was sudden in 72.0% of patients. Although the success rate of Intracth procedure was lower in comparison with the intercoastal drainage (ICD) procedure, the complication rate of Intracath was lower when compared with extensive subcutaneous.

Conclusion:
PSP is less common than secondary spontaneous PT. Smoking is an independent risk factor for PT, and it delays its resorbtion.
A study on prevalence and risk factors of depression among adolescent girls studying in government and private schools—A comparative study
Authors: Alex Preethi , Cynthia D Sharon , Kanagalakshmi V 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The prevalence of depression among school-going adolescent girls in India is about 40%. Adolescent girls attending private and government-run schools in South India have vastly different sociodemographic backgrounds and school environments. Assessing the associated risk factors for depression will help in designing appropriate preventive strategies.

Objective:
To evaluate the prevalence of depression among school-going adolescent girls and the associated risk factors among government and private school students.

Methods:
The cross-sectional comparative study was conducted in two private and two government-run schools in Tamil Nadu. A semi-structured questionnaire and 11-item Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale were administered to female students belonging to grades eight, nine, and ten. Differences in the prevalence of depression and the familial, social, and behavioral risk factors between private and government school students were measured and analyzed.

Results:
The prevalence of depression among our study population is 23.8%. An adolescent girl studying in a private school has a 4.67 times higher chance of being depressed as compared to her counterpart in a government school. Stress due to higher academic expectations, peer pressure, disagreement with friends, excess smartphone usage, and family discord are associated factors in private school students, and family discord and chronic illness among family members were associated risk factors for depression in government school students.

Conclusion:
There is a wide disparity in the prevalence of depression and associated factors among private and government school-going adolescent girls. The intervention program for depression has to be addressed differently according to the type of school.
A study to assess the severity and risk of COVID-19 breakthrough infection in admitted SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated individual
Authors: Dhoble Shital , Atram Devishri , Jiwane Niwrutti , Naitam Anil 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
No vaccine is 100% effective in prevention of infection. The possibility of breakthrough infection of SARS-CoV-2 also cannot be ruled out. So, our study aimed to find out severity and risk of breakthrough infection and find association between epidemiological factors associated with it.

Methodology:
A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 148 admitted SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated individual from May 2021 to January 2022 by universal sampling method. A data was collected in the form of socio-demographic, Covid vaccine, clinical details, and outcome of admitted patients. An appropriate statistical test was applied.

Results:
Out of the total 148 vaccinated individuals, 66 (44.59%) belongs to 30–59 years of age group and maximum, i.e. 95 (64.19%) were males. 64.86% patients were vaccinated with both doses and 98 (66.26%) individuals were mild cases. Only 8 (5.40%) cases were re-infected with Covid-19 infection. 70.27% individual were comorbid. Out of 148 vaccinated individuals, only 11 (7.43%) individuals were died and among those 7 (63.636%) were comorbid.

Conclusion:
Despite being vaccinated, small percentage of people are still getting infected, requires hospitalization, and die because of COVID-19. As far as pandemic continues, continuous genome sequencing and tracking of SARS-CoV-2 is essential and strategies regarding vaccination should be adjusted accordingly.
Operating procedures of moxibustion technology
Authors: Wang Yali , Tang Ling , Haiyan E. , Wei Yongchun , Jiang Jing , Dong Yuxia 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Moxibustion therapy is a treatment and health-care method that originated from China. It is a kind of therapy for preventing and treating diseases by stimulating meridians and acupoints using heat to regulate the viscera and enhance immunity. This article introduces the definition and mechanism of moxibustion technology, clinical operation technics, and precautions of moxibustion in practice, and demonstrates plenty of iconic cases of application of moxibustion in the treatment of insomnia, dysmenorrhea, urinary retention, knee arthritis, chronic eczema, etc., so as to provide a reference for the wide application of moxibustion technology.
Technical operation specification for pricking–cupping therapy
Authors: Li Jiaji , Xu Jingjin , Zhang Jing , Tang Ling , Chen Hong , Li Ye 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Pricking–cupping therapy is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) nursing technology that can adjust the viscera of the human body, make the meridians smooth, and Yin and Yang balanced mainly by means of relieving heat and detoxification, harmonizing Qi and blood, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, dredging meridians and activating collaterals, reducing swelling and pain, purging heat and calming shock, clearing heat, and opening orifices. Pricking–cupping therapy has a long history and wide application. After thousands of years of development, it has made great progress. They are widely used to treat lumbar disc herniation, herpes zoster, acute arthritis, migraine, and other diseases in China. Through the clinical practice and theoretical exploration of physicians of past dynasties, the therapeutic mechanism and application scope of pricking–cupping therapy have been greatly enriched. Modern TCM practitioners have conducted in-depth researches on the operation norms of the therapy on the basis of the ancients, hoping to grasp the essence of the disease more accurately and make the rational use of the operation technology of the therapy.
Herbs and management of hypertension: Claims, criticism, and challenges
Authors: Adeola Oluwakemi Elizabeth , Akpor Oluwaseyi Abiodun , Akpor Oghenerobor Benjamin , Adamolekun Modupe Motunrayo , Adewale Olusola Bolaji 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting over 30% of the adult population globally, with a growing incidence rate. This article aims to identify the commonly used herbs for HTN treatment and examine their claims, criticisms, and challenges. It further aims to provide useful recommendations regarding the use of herbs for HTN treatment. HTN complications, such as coronary heart disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, vision impairment, and renal failure can result in morbidity and mortality. The high cost of conventional medications, which sometimes may not even be available or easily accessible with their unfavorable side effects as well as taking more than one pill per day, has led hypertensive patients, particularly those in rural areas, to explore alternative treatments such as herbal therapies. It is crucial to determine the different modes of action, doses, safety, and efficacy of herbal remedies used in combination with conventional medications to improve treatment adherence and enhance patient outcomes.
Rete middle cerebral artery presenting with a ruptured aneurysm
Authors: Singh DK , Shankar D , Yadav K , Kaif M 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The developmental anomaly of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is a rare occurrence. Rete MCA, also known as “unfused,” “twig-like,” and aplastic MCA, is an even rarer anomaly. These immature rete vessels are prone to flow-related aneurysms which rupture themselves presenting with intraparenchymal hematoma. We here with present a case of rete MCA with a ruptured aneurysm and discuss its pathophysiology and management.
ANALISIS ASPEK HUKUM TERHADAP PERLINDUNGAN ANAK YANG LAHIR DILUAR PERKAWINAN
Authors: Butar Butar Josua , Tampubolon Crhistoffer Aguarte  Presley , Hamonangan Alusianto , Taufiqurahman Mhd. 
Published: September 2023

Salah satu bagian dari kebebasan dasar, setiap orang memiliki keputusan untuk membentuk keluarga juga meneruskan anak mereka melalui pernikahan yang sah. Meskipun demikian, tidak umumnya sebuah keluarga dibentuk dan anak cucu dilahirkan melalui pernikahan yang sah. Pembedaan mengenai lahir atau tidaknya seorang anak ke dunia dalam perkawinan yang pasti kaupun bukan, akan menentukan tempat aslinya seorang anak, yang dengan demikian akan menentukan kesetaraan sosial anak tersebut. Seorang anak-anak yang diciptakan ke dunia bentuk atau karena perkawinan yang pasti akan disebut sebagai anak muda sejati. Mengenai anak yang dikandung secara tidak sah, dia hanya memiliki hubungan yang sama dengan ibunya dan orang-orang yang dicintai ibunya.Sebagaimana dinyatakan dalam Common Code, anak yang memiliki orangtua yang bukan dibatasi oleh perkawinan disebut anak yang dikandung maupun anak di luar nikah disebut juga anak-anak normal (orrrwettige onechte off naturelijke kindereri). Bagaimanapun, secara ketat sesuai dengan peraturan positif berdasarkan Peraturan no. 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan bagi anak yang dikandung secara tidak sah, ada suatu persamaan organis dengan ibu tetapi tidak ada hubungan kodrat dengan ayah. Anak-anak di luar struktur keluarga yang stabil adalah anak yang muncul dari suatu perhubungan yang salah antara laki-laki dan perempuan, ini berarti pelanggaran terhadap pengaturan pernikahan, di mana anak itu benar-benar tidak bersalah, jujur, dan tidak harus menanggung akibat dari pernikahan. kegiatan wali alaminya yang harus berhati-hati. membalas dan mendapatkan hadiah.