bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exogenous Putrescine Changes Biochemical (Antioxidant Activity, Polyphenol, Flavonoid, and Total Phenol Compounds) and Essential Oil Constituents of Salvia officinalis L.
Authors: Zeynali Reza , Najafian Sharareh , Hosseinifarahi Mehdi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPolyamines are small polycationic molecules containing amines that are present in almost all cells of living organisms and act in a wide range of physiological processes, growth, and development, biological and protection of cells against free radicals. This research is based on principal component analysis (PCA) and calculation of selection criteria (SC) to investigate the effect of foliar spraying of polyamine putrescine on essential oil yield, essential oil compounds, antioxidant activity, and biochemical compounds (polyphenol, flavonoid, and total phenol compounds) of Salvia officinalis. The treatments used included four levels of putrescine, Put (Control: 0, Put1: 500, Put2: 1000, and Put3: 1500 mg L−1) with five replications. Based on our results, four factors had eigenvalues≥1 and showed a cumulative variance percentage of 92.57 % by applying different concentrations of putrescine. According to the results of this research, putrescine had significant effects on the amount of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. The best attention to improving the essential oil yield of sage was 1000 mg L−1. The crucial essential oil compounds of different Put treated sage were: cis‐thujone (35.34 %), camphor (15.60 %), trans‐thujone (9.90 %), 1,8‐cineole (9.46 %), α‐humulene (3.85 %), viridiflorol (3.62 %), camphene (3.58 %), α‐pinene (3.50 %), β‐pinene (2.78 %), and limonene (1.23 %). The results showed that the amount of total phenol, the phenolic composition of catechin, and the antioxidant activity of sage plant extract increased significantly when putrescine was used at 1000 mg/liter. Results can use the current research to optimize the production management of medicinal plants and improve the quality of their products. In addition, the advantage of using putrescine is that it increases antioxidants and reduces oxidative damage, and can replace medicinal plants as suitable natural preservatives, thus improving food quality and safety.
Late N‐acetylcysteine for successful recovery of acetaminophen‐related acute liver failure: A case report
Authors: Alizadeh Nafiseh , Yaryari Amir‐Mohammad , Behnoush Amir Hossein , Raoufinejad Kosar , Behnoush Behnam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAcetaminophen toxicity is one of the leading causes of liver failure. Although N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) is generally successful in preventing acetaminophen hepatotoxicity when given in a timely manner, if not prescribed in the early golden time, the only practical way to save the patient might be liver transplantation. The case presented was a 20‐year‐old female with an acetaminophen overdose (30 g), for which more than 24 h had passed since the ingestion. Despite the critical clinical condition, loss of consciousness (Glasgow Coma Score of 4) of the patient, and passing the golden time of antidote administration, the decision was made by the healthcare team to administer NAC. After transferring the patient to the intensive care unit, the three‐bag NAC regimen was initiated and appropriate monitoring was performed. After this, the regimen of 3 g q8h was continued for the patient. The patient's condition began to improve slowly on the second day and then she was extubated on the fourth day. Finally, she was discharged on the tenth day. Although the golden period of antidote administration had passed outwardly, there was no need for a liver transplant and the patient recovered successfully with late NAC administration. Hence, clinicians can benefit from the use of NAC even in the late phases of acetaminophen liver toxicity.
Massive ossifying fibroma of mandible: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Nnko Kanankira A. , Rwakatema Deogratius S. , Mariki Jackson M. , Baraka Calvin J. , Pima Raphael T. , Damas Sosthenes , Mremi Alex 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageBenign fibro‐osseous neoplasm. Massive size is rarely reported. May be confused with other pathologies such as fibrous dysplasia or osteosarcoma. Aggressive nature and high recurrence pose management challenges. Treated by surgery.AbstractOssifying fibroma is a benign fibro‐osseous neoplasm. It can affect both mandible and maxilla. Precise diagnosis can be challenging due to significant overlap of clinicopathological features with other neoplasms. Case reports with massive tumor sizes as presented in our case are uncommon. Huge tumor size can cause alarm for other pathologies such as osteosarcoma. The radiological tests should reassure the attending practitioner and histological examination confirm the diagnosis. The aim of the present report is to discuss a case of a giant ossifying fibroma in a 13‐year‐old male child. He presented with a progressive mandibular mass for 4 years. Clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics and surgical treatment approaches are further discussed. This is one of the rare cases of massive ossifying fibroma in the English literature.
Underwater Adhesives from Redox‐Responsive Polyplexes of Thiolated Polyamide Polyelectrolytes
Authors: Sharma Aashish , Dutta Tanmay , Srivastava Aasheesh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe report the fabrication of optically clear underwater adhesives using polyplexes of oppositely charged partially‐thiolated polyamide polyelectrolytes (TPEs). The thiol content of the constituent PEs was varied to assess its influence on the adhesive properties of the resulting glues. These catechol‐free, redox‐responsive TPE‐adhesives were formulated in aquo and exhibited high optical transparency and strong adhesion even on submerged or moist surfaces of diverse polar substrates such as glass, aluminium, wood, and bone pieces. The adhesives could be cured under water through oxidative disulphide crosslinking of the constituent TPEs. The polyamide backbone provided multi‐site H‐bonding interactions with the substrates while the disulphide crosslinking provided the cohesive strength to the glue. Strong adhesion of mammalian bones (load bearing capacity upto 7 kg/cm2) was achieved using the adhesive containing 30 mol % thiol residues. Higher pH and use of oxidants such as povidone‐iodine solution enhanced the curing rate of the adhesives, and so did the use of Tris buffer instead of Phosphate buffer. The porous architecture of the adhesive and its progressive degradation in aqueous medium over the course of three weeks bode well for diverse biomedical applications where temporary adhesion of tissues is required.
Halide Complexes of 5,6‐Dicyano‐2,1,3‐Benzoselenadiazole with 1 : 4 Stoichiometry: Cooperativity between Chalcogen and Hydrogen Bonding
Authors: Radiush Ekaterina A. , Wang Hui , Chulanova Elena A. , Ponomareva Yana A. , Li Bin , Wei Qiao Yu , Salnikov Georgy E. , Petrakova Svetlana Yu. , Semenov Nikolay A. , Zibarev Andrey V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe [M4−Hal]− (M=the title compound; Hal=Cl, Br, and I) complexes were isolated in the form of salts of [Et4N]+ cation and characterized by XRD, NMR, UV‐Vis, DFT, QTAIM, EDD, and EDA. Their stoichiometry is caused by a cooperative interplay of σ‐hole‐driven chalcogen (ChB) and hydrogen (HB) bondings. In the crystal, [M4−Hal]− are connected by the π‐hole‐driven ChB; overall, each [Hal]− is six‐coordinated. In the ChB, the electrostatic interaction dominates over orbital and dispersion interactions. In UV‐Vis spectra of the M+[Hal]− solutions, ChB‐typical and [Hal]−‐dependent charge‐transfer bands are present; they reflect orbital interactions and allow identification of the individual [Hal]−. However, the structural situation in the solutions is not entirely clear. Particularly, the UV‐Vis spectra of the solutions are different from the solid‐state spectra of the [Et4N]+[M4−Hal]−; very tentatively, species in the solutions are assigned [M−Hal]−. It is supposed that the formation of the [M4−Hal]− proceeds during the crystallization of the [Et4N]+[M4−Hal]−. Overall, M can be considered as a chromogenic receptor and prototype sensor of [Hal]−. The findings are also useful for crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry.
Drug addiction and marital conflicts: Exploring the experiences of drug‐addicted wives in Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Ali Arazeem , Abidemi Olagunju Rafia , Ntozini Anathi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecent studies have shown that women now abuse drugs as much as men. Women even abuse certain kinds of drugs more than men. There is strong evidence that some married women also engage in drug abuse. However, few studies have explored the experiences of drug addicted wives in Nigeria in relation to marital conflicts. In this study, the experiences of drug addicted wives were explored in relation to marital conflicts in Nigeria using a phenomenological research design. A total of 18 married women participated in the study. They were purposively selected from a socially disadvantaged neighborhood of Batcher Estate, Gwarinpa, Abuja, Nigeria. In‐depth interviews (IDI) were used to collect data from the participants. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Two major conclusions were drawn from the study. Drug addiction may cause marital conflicts and vice versa. However, wives abusing drugs without the consent of partners or husbands were more likely to report marital conflicts than those abusing drugs with their partners' consent. Two groups of drug abusers were also discovered: those who were initiated into drug abuse/addiction prior to marriage and those who started taking drugs after marriage. Factors influencing drug abuse/addiction were complex and comprised a combination of psycho‐social and environmental issues. Access to substance‐use disorder (SUD) treatment was, however, impeded by poor knowledge, stigma and shame. Improved access to treatment is an important asset in minimizing drug abuse among married women and its impact on marital conflicts.
Research on improving the durability performance of damaged concrete based on ultra high performance concrete repair
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Liu Shuai , Zhang Wenwu , Guo Baolin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article uses ultra‐high performance concrete (UHPC) to repair damaged concrete and analyzes the durability performance of the repaired concrete. Among them, three erosion solutions with a mass concentration of 2.8% NaCl + 0.29% Na2SO4, 5% NaCl, and 5% NaCl + 10% Na2SO4 were designed to soak the concrete specimens for 1 to 3 months. Taking the SWC test group as an example, when the concrete test block undergoes 30 dry wet cycles and the erosion depth is 20 mm, the difference in chloride ion concentration under different diffusion dimensions is not significant. After 90 dry wet cycles, at a depth of 20 mm, the chloride ion concentration inside the concrete in the three‐dimensional diffusion state reached 3 times that of one‐dimensional diffusion, and the chloride ion concentration in the two‐dimensional diffusion state also reached 2 times that of one‐dimensional diffusion. At a depth of 30 mm, a small amount of chloride ion content was also found in the two‐dimensional diffusion and three‐dimensional diffusion.
Rationally designed hole transporting layer system for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells
Authors: Lee Jaehee , Son Taewoong , Min Kyeongbin , Park Seongjun , Kim Youngwoong , Seo Jangwon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this review, p‐type doping technologies for organic/polymeric semiconductors in hole transporting layer (HTL) for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are examined. Initially, we investigate the conventional dopant systems used for HTL in terms of dopants and additives, as well as their doping principles and limitations. Second, we recapitulate the current research strategies for overcoming the limitations of conventional dopant systems: (i) dopants/additives with large cations, (ii) hydrophobic dopants/additives, (iii) locking‐capable dopants/additives, (iv) rinsing or ion exchange methods, and (v) other methods. Afterwards, we provide a comprehensive analysis of alternative dopants based on ionic liquids, Lewis acids, strong acceptors, and others. In addition, the review emphasizes current achievements based on multiple research approaches to diverse hole transporting materials, surface/interfacial treatment, and architectural modification of HTL, and provides a perspective on developments of desirable HTL system for efficient and stable PSCs.image
Differences in the incidence and mortality of digestive cancer between Global Cancer Observatory 2020 and Global Burden of Disease 2019
Authors: Yu Ziqing , Bai Xiaoyin , Zhou Runing , Ruan Gechong , Guo Mingyue , Han Wei , Jiang Shiyu , Yang Hong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe burden of digestive cancers is increasing worldwide. The Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2020 and the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 are two primary cancer databases, which have a significant impact on policy formulation and resource allocation. We aim to compare the incidence and mortality of digestive cancers between them. Digestive cancer (esophageal, stomach, colorectal, liver, gallbladder and pancreatic cancer) incidence was obtained from the Cancer Today and GBD 2019 result tool. The top five countries with the most or minor difference between GLOBOCAN 2020 and GBD 2019 in age‐standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of digestive cancers were identified. A systematic search on the incidence of specific digestive cancer in selected countries from PubMed and Embase was conducted, and 20 of 281 publications were included. The most significant differences in digestive cancers incidence were commonly found in Asian countries (70%), particularly Indonesia, Vietnam and Myanmar, located in Southeast Asia. The ASIRs for most digestive cancers, except liver cancer, in GLOBOCAN 2020 were higher than those in GBD 2019. Gallbladder cancer had the highest average ratio, followed by liver cancer. The most commonly used standard population was Segi's standard population, followed by the World Health Organization standard population. The data sources nor the processing methods of GLOBOCAN 2020 and GBD 2019 were not similar. Low‐ and middle‐income countries without population‐based cancer registries were more likely to have selection bias in data collection and amplify regional variations of etiological factors. Better judgments on the quality of cancer data can be made.
Enterprise large language models: Knowledge characteristics, risks, and organizational activities
Authors: O'Leary Daniel E. 
Published: September 2023

SummarySince the release of OpenAI's ChatGPT, there has been substantial interest in and concern about generative AI systems. This paper investigates some of the characteristics, risks, and limitations with the enterprise use of enterprise large language models. In so doing, we study the organizational impact, continuing a long line of research on that topic. This paper examines the impact on expertise, the organizational implications of multiple correlated but different responses to the same query, the potential concerns associated with sensitive information and intellectual property, and some applications that likely would not be appropriate for large language models. We also investigate the possibility of agents potentially manipulating the content in these large language models for their own benefit. Finally, we investigate the emerging phenomenon of “ChatBot Enterprise” versions, including some of the implications and concerns of such enterprise large language models.
Are Leydig Cell Steroidogenic Enzymes Differentially Regulated With Aging?
Authors: LUO LINDI , CHEN HAOLIN , ZIRKIN BARRY R. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT: Previous studies have shown that the ability of Brown Norway rat Leydig cells to produce testosterone declines significantly with age. To address the possible mechanism(s) by which aging Leydig cells lose steroidogenic function, we determined the effect of age on the steady‐state levels of the mRNAs for the steroidogenic enzymes P450 cholesterol side‐chain cleavage (P450scc), δ5‐3β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/δ5‐δ4‐isomerase (3β‐HSD), and 17α‐hydroxylase/C17.20 lyase (P45017α), and on the levels of immunoreactive steroidogenic enzyme proteins and enzyme activities. Northern blot analysis revealed that the levels of P450scc and P45017α mRNAs in Leydig cells isolated from the testes of aged (22‐month‐old) Brown Norway rats were reduced from their levels in young (4‐month‐old) rats, but that 3β‐HSD mRNA was not reduced.Western blot analysis, however, revealed that cellular levels of each of the P450scc, P45017α, and 3β‐HSD proteins were reduced with aging. The activities of the steroidogenic enzymes, assessed by incubating Leydig cells in culture with substrate and then summing all steroidogenic reaction products through testosterone, similarly revealed that P450scc, 3β‐HSD, P45017α, and additionally 17β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17β‐HSD), were all reduced with aging. We conclude that age‐related loss of steroidogenic function results at least in part from reductions in the levels and activities of each of the steroidogenic enzymes responsible for converting cholesterol to testosterone, and not by differential regulation of these enzymes.
Epoxy silane sulfobetaine block copolymers for simple, aqueous thromboresistant coating on ambulatory assist lung devices
Authors: Ye Sang‐Ho , Orizondo Ryan A. , De Bianca Nina , Kim Seungil , Frankowski Brian J. , Federspiel William J. , Wagner William R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeveloping an ambulatory assist lung (AAL) for patients who need continuous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation has been associated with several design objectives, including the design of compact components, optimization of gas transfer efficiency, and reduced thrombogenicity. In an effort to address thrombogenicity concerns with currently utilized component biomaterials, a low molecular weight water soluble siloxane‐functionalized zwitterionic sulfobetaine (SB‐Si) block copolymer was coated on a full‐scale AAL device set via a one pot aqueous circulation coating. All device parts including hollow fiber bundle, housing, tubing and cannular were successfully coated with increasing atomic compositions of the SB block copolymer and the coated surfaces showed a significant reduction of platelet deposition while gas exchange performance was sustained. However, water solubility of the SB‐Si was unstable, and the coating method, including oxygen plasma pretreatment on the surfaces were considered inconsistent with the objective of developing a simple aqueous coating. Addressing these weaknesses, SB block copolymers were synthesized bearing epoxy or epoxy‐silane groups with improved water solubility (SB‐EP & SB‐EP‐Si) and no requirement for surface pretreatment (SB‐EP‐Si). An SB‐EP‐Si triblock copolymer showed the most robust coating capacity and stability without prior pretreatment to represent a simple aqueous circulation coating on an assembled full‐scale AAL device.
Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs for treatment of cancer cachexia: A systematic review
Authors: Bowers Megan , Cucchiaro Brittany , Reid Joanne , Slee Adrian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCancer cachexia (CC) is a multifactorial syndrome driven by inflammation, defined by ongoing loss of skeletal muscle mass (with or without loss of fat mass) that cannot be fully reversed by conventional nutritional support. CC leads to progressive functional impairment, with its clinical management complicated and limited therapeutic options available. The objective of this review was to assess the efficacy and safety of non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on patient‐centred outcomes in patients with CC. In 2013, two systematic reviews concluded that there was insufficient evidence to recommend NSAIDs for clinical management of CC outside of clinical trials. However, clinical trials of multi‐component CC interventions have included NSAIDs as an intervention component, so an up‐to‐date assessment of the evidence for NSAIDs in the treatment of CC is warranted. Four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL and CINAHL) and three trial registers (clinicaltrials.gov, WHO ICTRP and ISRCTN) were searched on 16 December 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing any NSAID (any dose or duration) with a control arm, in adult patients with CC, reporting measures of body weight, body composition, nutrition impact symptoms, inflammation, physical function or fatigue, were eligible for inclusion. Primary outcomes (determined with patient involvement) were survival, changes in muscle strength, body composition, body weight and quality of life. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Revised Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool for randomized trials. Five studies were included, which investigated Indomethacin (n = 1), Ibuprofen (n = 1) and Celecoxib (n = 3). Four studies were judged to be at high risk of bias for all outcomes, with one study raising concerns for most outcomes. Considerable clinical and methodological heterogeneity amongst the studies meant that meta‐analysis was not appropriate. There was insufficient evidence to determine whether Indomethacin or Ibuprofen is effective or safe for use in patients with CC; RCTs with lower risk of bias are needed. Celecoxib studies indicated it was safe for use in this population at the doses tested (200–400 mg/day) but found contrasting results regarding efficacy, potentially reflecting heterogeneity amongst the studies. There is inadequate evidence to recommend any NSAID for CC. While current clinical trials for CC treatments are shifting towards multi‐component interventions, further research to determine the efficacy and safety of NSAIDs alone is necessary if they are to be included in such multi‐component interventions. Furthermore, the lack of data on patient‐determined primary outcomes in this review highlights the need for patient involvement in clinical trials for CC.
ZSM‐5@KIT‐6‐encapsulated composite molecular sieves for the catalytic cracking of waste cooking oil model compound to produce light olefins
Authors: Zhang Guoliang , Liu Haoyu , Fu Sen , Yuan Hong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDA series of ZSM‐5@KIT‐6 composite molecular sieve catalysts was prepared by encapsulating ZSM‐5 as a substrate in the mesoporous material KIT‐6. The intent was to use these catalysts to promote the catalytic cracking of a waste cooking oil model compound (WCOMC) to produce light olefins.RESULTSThe morphology, structural characteristics and acidity of each of the resulting catalysts were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, N2‐Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (N2‐BET) surface area analysis and temperature‐programmed ammonia desorption. The results showed that ZSM‐5 was successfully coated with KIT‐6. The BET surface areas of these catalysts ranged from 345 to 792 m2 g−1 and the specimens had average pore sizes in the range of 2.37–5.51 nm. Total acidity increased with increases in the mass‐based proportion of ZSM‐5 in the material.CONCLUSIONThe catalytic cracking of WCOMC was studied in a lab‐scale fixed‐bed apparatus. Trials at a reaction temperature of 600 °C using the material having a mass‐based ZSM‐5 proportion of 80.0% (ZK‐80) gave the highest gas‐phase yield of light olefins of 43.8%. After 6000 min, the catalytic performance of this material remained stable, demonstrating a resistance to carbon deposits. The superior activity of the present composite catalysts can be ascribed to improvements in pore structure and acid strength distribution. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).