bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy—a novel strategy for primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma
Authors: Chen Jiawei , Fan Lei , Deng Hongsheng , Mo Zhongqiao , Wang Zhufeng , Li Liang , Li Shuben 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective:
The objective of this study was to determine whether neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy impacted the subsequent surgical or pathological outcomes of patients with pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PLELC). Thisstudy was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in PLELC patients.
Methods:
A retrospective study was conducted on patients who received neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in combination with chemotherapy followed by surgery between 2019 and 2022. The clinical records of the patients were analyzed.
Results:
Out of the 31 patients with PLELC who underwent neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery, 18 patients (58.0%) experienced downstaging of the tumor. Nineteen patients (61.5%) achieved a partial response, 2 patients (6.4%) achieved a complete response,and 2 (6.4%) had progressive disease. Pathological evaluation of resected specimens revealed that 10 (32.3%) patients achieved major pathological response (MPR), including 2 (6.4%) who achieved complete response (CR). The mean disease-free survival (DFS) was 17.4 months, which was not significantly different from the value in LUSQ patients (15.1 months).
Conclusion:
Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy resulted in downstaging of the tumor, thereby rendering it resectable, and did not significantly affect the safety and feasibility of surgery in this patient cohort.
Changes in blood lipid levels during different stages of pregnancy with normal BMI and its impact on the incidence of larger-than-gestational-age infants
Authors: Bo Di , Yin Chunnan , Wei Jianxia , Cheng Dongmei , Shen Nan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
To study the impact of changes in blood lipids during pregnancy on the delivery of larger-than-gestational-age infants in pregnant women with normal BMI and reasonable blood glucose control during pregnancy.
Methods
This study selected 2283 pregnant women with gestational hyperglycemia who were delivered to our hospital from 2019 to 2022. The general information and clinical characteristics of pregnant women were collected through case review. Blood samples were collected at each pregnancy period to calculate total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein. The positive outcome was delivery over gestational age, and the impact of other influencing factors on delivery over gestational age was observed.
Results
There was a significant correlation between late pregnancy weight gain and delivery greater than gestational age infants (p < 0.05). This difference persisted in subsequent LOGIST regression after adjusting for factors such as gestational age, weight, age BMI, and changes in blood lipids, with p = 0.03, indicating that late pregnancy weight gain was an independent influencing factor for delivery greater than gestational age infants. In contrast, blood lipids did not affect each stage.
Conclusion
Pregnant women with normal BMI and reasonable control during pregnancy have high blood glucose levels. The change in blood lipids during pregnancy does not affect delivery greater than gestational age. If BMI is controlled usually before pregnancy and weight control is ideal during pregnancy, the increase in blood lipids does not increase the likelihood of delivery greater than gestational age.
Tocilizumab and dexamethasone as treatments for severe COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tame-Elorduy Andres , Laresgoiti-Servitje Estibalitz , Graaff Andres Torreblanca-Van Der 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: The global pandemic caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 triggered an urgent need for effective therapeutics to treat severe COVID-19. Various treatments have been studied, including synthetic glucocorticoids and monoclonal antibodies against IL-6.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of these drugs against the standard of care. Data were pooled from a total of 5849 patients, with 4607 patients in the dexamethasone group and 1242 patients in the tocilizumab group. Meta-analyses compared the effectiveness of two widely used treatments, tocilizumab and dexamethasone, in managing COVID-19 while considering the concomitant use of corticosteroids in tocilizumab patients.
Results: Our findings demonstrated a reduction in the odds of unfavourable clinical outcomes with dexamethasone compared to the standard of care, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.83 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.74, 0.93] for death at 28 days. In contrast, tocilizumab was not related to a decrease in mortality compared to the standard of care, with an OR of 1.04 [95% CI 0.73, 1.47]. Notably, most patients in the tocilizumab group also received simultaneous corticosteroid treatment.
Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides evidence that dexamethasone is more effective than tocilizumab for treating COVID-19, with lower odds ratios for unfavourable clinical outcomes. The concomitant use of corticosteroids in the tocilizumab group may have influenced these findings. These results are essential for optimizing treatment strategies and informing clinical decision-making for patients with severe COVID-19. Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying these therapeutic agents' differential efficacy and explore potential synergistic effects in combination therapy.
Association of Improvement and Deterioration of Depressive Symptoms with Arthritis
Authors: Liu Ruxi , Shao Yining , Wu Bo , Liu Yan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:
The longitudinal association between changes in depressive symptoms (improvement/deterioration) and arthritis is unclear.
Methods:
This longitudinal, nationwide, prospective study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) was used to examine participant depressive symptoms and data on self-reported history of arthritis were collected. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the effects of changes (improvement or deterioration) in depressive symptoms on arthritis.
Results:
A total of 8556 CHARLS participants free of arthritis were included from baseline assessment (2011) to 2018. After adjustment for confounders, depressive symptoms were associated with a 54% increased risk of developing arthritis. Each 1-point increase in CES-D-10 score was associated with a 4% higher risk of arthritis. Participants with depressive symptoms at baseline but improved symptoms at follow-up had a 25% lower rate of arthritis than those who experienced no improvement, and a 1-point reduction in CES-D-10 score during 8 years of follow-up was associated with a 5% lower risk of developing arthritis. Participants with no depressive symptoms at baseline but depression at follow-up had a 66% higher rate of arthritis than those with no depression, and a 1-point increase in CES-D-10 score during 8 years of follow-up was associated with a 5% higher risk of arthritis.
Conclusions:
Improvement in depressive symptoms was associated with lower risk of arthritis and worsening of depression was associated with higher risk of arthritis. These findings suggest that the relationship between depression and arthritis is complex.
A photonic von-Neumann-like quantum processor and its application in studying quantum signature of chaos
Authors: Li Chuan-Feng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Photonic quantum computation plays an important role and offers unique advantages. Two decades after the milestone work of Knill-Laflamme-Milburn, various architectures of photonic processors have been proposed, and quantum advantage over classical computers has also been demonstrated. It is now the opportune time to apply this technology to real-world applications. However, at current technology level, this aim is restricted by either programmability in bulk optics or loss in integrated optics for the existing architectures of processors, for which the resource cost is also a problem. Here we present a von-Neumann-like architecture based on temporal-mode encoding and looped structure on table, which is capable of multimode-universal programmability, resource-efficiency, phase-stability and software-scalability. In order to illustrate these merits, we execute two different programs with varying resource requirements on the same processor, to investigate quantum signature of chaos from two aspects: the signature behaviors exhibited in phase space (13 modes), and the Fermi golden rule which has not been experimentally studied in quantitative way before (26 modes). The maximal program contains an optical interferometer network with 1694 freely-adjustable phases. Considering current state-of-the-art, our architecture stands as the most promising candidate for real-world applications.
Tribological Performance of Functionalized Surfaces by Hydroxyapatite Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining
Authors: Ekmekci Nihal , Yaşar Hamidullah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Wear-resistant Hydroxyapatite (HA)-involving biocompatible surfaces are needed in medical applications. In this context, the surface of biomaterial Ti6Al4V alloy were functionised by Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) with and without HA powder addition. Nano and micro HA fine powders were used as additives in Deionized Water (DW) dielectric. As electrical parameters, 7 and 22 A pulse current (Ip), 100 and 1600 µs pulse on duration (ton) were employed to meet the highest HA migration rate to the EDM-modified surface. The surface properties were investigated by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy-Dispersive Spectroscope (EDS), and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). It was confirmed that HA powder additives alter the machined surface properties significantly under specific electrical parameters. Tribological investigations were conducted concerning the wear rate and coefficient of friction (CoF). The tribological performance of HA powder mixed EDM’ed surfaces were compared to the performance of EDM’ed and reference sample surfaces. Finally, surfaces modified by nano HA additives are found to be more resistant to wear than other cases. This study reveals that HA powder mixed EDM is a promising alternative machining method to provide wear-resistant as well as HA rich surfaces for biomedical industry.
Transcriptomic changes in the microsporidia proliferation and host responses in congenitally infected embryos and larvae
Authors: Shen Zigang , Ke Zhuojun , Yang Qiong , Ghebremichael Samson Teweldeberhan , Li Tangxin , Li Tian , Chen Jie , Meng Xianzhi , Xiang Heng , Li Chunfeng , Zhou Zeyang , Chen Ping , Pan Guoqing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Congenital infection caused by vertical transmission of microsporidia N. bombycis can result in severe economic losses in the silkworm-feeding industry. Whole-transcriptome analysis have revealed non-coding RNAs and their regulatory networks in N. bombycis infected embryos and larvae. However, transcriptomic changes in the microsporidia proliferation and host responses in congenitally infected embryos and larvae remain not well understood. Here, we simultaneously compared he transcriptomes of N. bombycis and its host B. mori embryos of 5-day and larvae of 1-, 5- and 10-day during congenital infection. For the transcriptome of N. bombycis, comparison of parasite expression pattern between congenital-infected embryo and larva showed most genes related to parasite central carbon metabolism were down-regulated in larvae during infection, whereas the majority of genes involved in parasite proliferation and growth were upregulated. Additionally, a large number of distinct or shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were revealed by the Venn diagram and heap map, many of them were connected to infection related factors such as Ricin B lectin, spore wall protein, polar tube protein, and polysaccharide deacetylase. For the transcriptome of B. mori infected with N. bombycis, beyond numerous DEGs related to DNA replication and repair, mRNA surveillance pathway, RNA transport, protein biosynthesis and proteolysis, with the progression of infection, a large number of DEGs related to immune and infection pathways, including phagocytosis, apoptosis, TNF, Toll-like receptor, NF-kappa B, Fc epsilon RI and some diseases, were successively identified; whereas most genes associated with insulin signaling pathway, 2-oxacarboxylic acid metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, lipid metabolisms were upregulated in larvae compared to those in embryos. Furthermore, dozens of distinct and three shared DEGs that were involved in the epigenetic regulations, such as polycomb, histone-lysine-specific demethylases and histone-lysine-N-methyltransferases, were identified via the Venn diagram and heap maps. Notably, many DEGs of host and parasite associated with lipid-related metabolisms were verified by qRT-PCR. Taken together, simultaneous transcriptomic analyses of both host and parasite genes leads to a better understanding of changes in the microsporidia proliferation and host responses in embryos and larvae in N. bombycis congenitally infection.
The prevalence of stress and depression and their correlation with quality of life among breast cancer patients
Authors: Ahmad Adil , Chen Changying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Pakistan has the greatest rate of breast cancer in Asia, majority of the people are underprivileged to afford expensive lab investigations, which lead to late diagnoses and delayed treatment; therefore, one of nine is at risk of breast cancer. Aim: The study was conducted with the aim of determining the quality of life and psychological well-being and their associations with each other.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was used from April to July 2023 in the two tertiary care hospitals in Khyber Pukhtankhwa, Pakistan, with a sample size of 108 and purposive sampling technique. Three valid and reliable questionnaires were used for data collection, i.e. the EORTC QLQ-C45 for quality of life, the major depressive inventory for depression, and the perceived stress inventory for stress. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANNOVA, and the chi-square test.
Results: The overall QOL was average, while the majority of the patients suffer from high depression (83%), and moderate stress (62%). The age group 51 and above and being married quality of life was better, while the majority of the patient sexual satisfaction was a little bit. The age group 20–30 years (27.2%), stage 3 and 4 (44.4%), and being married (61.1%) levels of depression were high; on the other hand, the age group 20–30 years (21.2%), stage 1 and 2 (35.1%), and being married (46.2%) levels of stress were moderate.
Conclusion: The study establishes that domains of quality of life are affected by depression but not by stress and correlated mildly positively with age and marital status and moderately with stages of cancer. Therefore, the health care provider should assess patients for psychological issues to find useful measures for early management that will improve quality of life.
LncRNA 220, a newly discovered long non-conding RNA mediating apoptosis and autophagy in Kupffer cells in LPS-induced endotoxemic mice through the XBP1u-PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway.
Authors: Yong Jiang , Ying Yang , Tian Tian , Zhenqi Wang , Shan Li , Nanhong Li , Haihua Luo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sepsis, recognized as an acute systemic inflammatory syndrome, possesses the capacity to induce damage to multiple organs, potentially leading to organ failure. Acute liver injury (ALI) is an inflammatory results of immune response disorder associated-with sepsis. Multiple studies have demonstrated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert regulatory influence over the advancement of various diseases, although their specific regulatory mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, a novel lncRNA, designated as 220, was identified through high-throughput sequencing, with extremely differential expression in the livers of LPS-induced endotoxemic mice during the period of 8 h. Moreover, in LPS-treated Kupffer cells, 220 participated in the down-regulation on the apoptotic and the autophagic processes through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway by stabilizing X-box protein 1 u (Xbp1u) mRNA and mediating its translation in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), thus ultimately modulate the process of LPS-associated ALI. Furthermore, the verification of our discoveries through clinical databases further indicated that both 220 and XBP1 were integral components in the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures of advanced sepsis. Our study establishes 220 as a novel regulator participating in autophagic and apoptotic mechanisms within LPS-treated Kupffer cells. Moreover, 220 could be regarded as a possible molecular objective with clinical importance in severe septic conditions.
Cavity-Agnostic Acoustofluidic Functions Enabled by Guided Flexural Waves on a Membrane Acoustic Waveguide Actuator
Authors: Vachon Philippe , Merugu Srinivas , Sharma Jaibir , Lal Amit , Ng Eldwin , Koh Yul , Lee Joshua , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves (GFWs) generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator (MAWA). By harnessing the potential of GFWs, cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved, unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip development. The localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising characteristics. Unlike traditional acoustofluidic technologies, the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation, irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic chamber. Moreover, the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane waveguide. Experimental demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport, mixing, and spatial separation based on particle diameter, along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS channels. These experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility with existing microfluidics systems.
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: comparison with scrub t yphus first clinical features and blood and physiological and biochemical indices
Authors: Liu Songhui , Chu Na , Gong Lei , Liu Zhirong , Guo Qian , Chen Xiuzhi , Li Ming , Chu Xiujie , Wu Jiabing , Song Dandan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
To explore differences in epidemiology, initial clinical characteristics, routine blood and physiological and biochemical indices between Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) and scrub typhus(ST) patients with the aim of providing evidence for early diagnosis and treatment.
Methods
Between February and November 2022, a total of 122 cases of SFTS and 22 cases of ST were confirmed in the laboratory of hospitals in the provinces of Hefei, Anqing and Liuan, Anhui.
Results
The early clinical features showed that headache, generalized pain, cutaneous petechiae and ecchymosis, loss of appetite, skin rash, and specific crusts and ulcers were more pronounced in ST patients compared with SFTS patients, and only diarrhoea was more pronounced in SFTS patients compared to ST patients and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). Blood regular indexes showed that the WBC, LYMPH, MONO, NEUT, and PLT counts were significantly reduced in SFTS patients as compared to the ST patients, and all were below the normal range in the SFTS group, while ST all fell within normal ranges, and the differences were all found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). However,WBC, LYMPH and P-LCR were within normal values. Physiologic and biochemical results showed that SFTS patients had lower TBIL, IBIL, ALT, Ga+, BUN, CREA, CRP, PCT, TT, PT, and TNR counts than ST patients. CK, CK-MB, LDH, UA and AG were significantly higher in SFTS patients compared to ST patients and the differences were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). However, TBIL, IBIL, CK-MB, Ca2+ counts were in the normal range in both groups.
Conclusion
Diarrhea was more pronounced and myocardial injury was more severe in SFTS patients, while scab or ulcer disease, impaired liver and kidney function, and inflammatory response were more pronounced in ST patients.
A mediator between childhood trauma and clinical symptoms in females with bipolar disorder: social support
Authors: Yang Min , Li Jiaxin , Fu Yaqian , Wang Guotao , Liu Minghui , Chen Jindong , Liu Jieyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a severer mental disorder with gender differences. Both childhood trauma and social support play important roles in the BD course, especially in female patients. In this study, the relationship between childhood trauma and clinical symptoms of BD was investigated in female patients and the mediation effect of social support on this relationship.
Methods
This study included 57 females with BD and 53 age-matched healthy controls. The measurement of childhood trauma, social support, and clinical symptoms were measured using self-report questionnaires and clinical scales.
Results
Compared with healthy controls, females with BD showed higher levels of childhood trauma and lower levels of social support. In the BD group, high levels of childhood trauma were positively correlated with clinical symptoms. In addition, social support mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and clinical symptoms of BD, except for manic symptoms.
Conclusions
Studies should focus on the role of childhood trauma and social support in females with bipolar disorder. This study provides initial evidence that social support partially explains the relationship between childhood trauma and clinical symptoms of BD. Interventions providing social support may be beneficial for females with BD exposed to childhood trauma.
Antenatal Exposure to Magnesium Sulphate and Neonatal Outcomes in Very Low Birth Weight Infants: a multicenter study.
Authors: Ferreira Maria Vaz , Caro Jose , Villarroel Luis , Muñoz Sergio , Alvarez Patricia , Flores Gerardo , Herrera Tamara , Toso Alberto , Toso Paulina , Tapia Jose 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective To explore the association between antenatal magnesium sulphate ( MgSO4 ), mortality and incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.Study design Retrospective, cohort study of infants < 32 weeks’ GA born at centers of NEOCOSUR Network between January 2015 and December 2020. Subjects were categorized as exposed vs non-exposed to antenatal MgSO4. Primary outcomes were death, incidence of severe IVH (Grade III-IV) and severe IVH/death. Secondary outcomes included relevant morbidities.Results 7418 VLBW infants were eligible. Antenatal MgSO4 was associated with a significantly decreased death rate after admission (aOR 0.59 [95% CI, 0.46–0.74]) and severe IVH/ death (aOR 0.63 [95% CI, 0.49–0.83]). No significant reduction in severe IVH was observed (aOR 0.89 [95% CI, 0.63–1.25]). No differences between groups were observed in rates of morbidities.Conclusion Antenatal MgSO4 was associated with a decreased death rate after admission and in severe IVH/ death.