bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disc damage likelihood scale: its correlation with field indices and its accuracy in diagnosis of glaucoma
Authors: Maanju Siddharth , Gahanoliya Kavita , Kumar Ankur , Kumar Kishor 
Published: September 2023

: To find a correlation of the disc damage likelihood scale (DDLS) scale with visual field indices and its diagnostic power in cases of glaucoma.: The study enrolled 198 patients suffering from primary open angle glaucoma. The patients were investigated using Humphreys perimetry and ocular coherence tomography (OCT). The DDLS scoring for each patient was done which was then correlated with visual field indices and the accuracy of DDLS in scoring different stages of glaucoma was studied. Single center, prospective, observational study.: The DDLS showed a strong correlation with cup-disc ratio, a good correlation with visual field index and mean deviation values and a weak correlation with foveal sensitivity. Also, the scale showed 68.9%, 82.6% and 100% diagnostic accuracy in cases of mild, moderate and severe glaucoma respectively.: The DDLS is a strong adjunctive diagnostic tool that has helped in the diagnosis of glaucoma.
Study of visual outcome and complications of primary and secondary retropupillary iris claw lens implantation in absence of adequate capsular support
Authors: Singh Paramveer , Harsolia Ramswaroop , Porwal Rakesh 
Published: September 2023

This study was conducted to assess and compare the visual outcome and complications of retropupillary iris claw lens implantation in absence of adequate capsular support.This prospective, comparative, intervention, was conducted. All the patients who reported ophthalmology indoor department were divided into two groups. In 1 group patients with IMSC/MSC/Traumatic cataract/Repaired corneal tear with traumatic cataract/Subluxated IOL in which primary retropupillary iris claw lens implantation was done in the department of Ophthalmology through SICS/Phacoemulsificstion were categorised. In 2 group patients with Aphakia in which cataract surgery was performed through SICS/Phacoemulsification and were left aphakic due to PCR in the department of Ophthalmology, JLN Medical College & Hospital and outside indoor patients at various ophthalmology centres. In primary RPICL in 23(76.7%) patients found to be BCVA between 6/36 to 6/18 and in secondary RPICL 26(86.7%) patients found to be BCVA between 6/12 to 6/6. In primary cases RPICL ovalisation of pupil in 6(20%), tilted IOL with raised IOP in 3(10%) optic capture in 3(10%), iridodialysias in 3(10%), bullous keratopathy in 3(10%). In secondary RPICL optic capture in 2(6.67%), CME with raised IOP in 1(3.33%), ovalisation of pupil in 1(3.33%) was found. Results of present study suggest that secondary cases (group II) showed better visual outcome and lesser complications when compared with primary cases (group I) after retropupillary iris claw lens implantation.
Relationship between Personal Temperaments Based on the Traditional Medicine Knowledge and Lichen Planus and Lichenoid Reaction Disorders
Authors: Pourshahidi Sara , Ebrahimi Houman , Zeraat Zahra , Parvizi Mohammad Mahdi , Zolfaghari Hajar 
Published: September 2023

Oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions are autoimmune chronic inflammatory diseases. Since the inflammatory system is the main pathological process in these lesions, some etiological roles for inflammatory cytokines and personal temperaments (Mizaj) are proposed. In this preliminary study, establishing such an association between personal temperaments with oral lichen planus and lichenoid reactions would develop new horizons for better preventive programming to prevent or control the disease course in affected patients. This case-control study was carried out among 384 patients referred to the oral medicine department of dental school, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, from 2000 to 2017. They were categorized into three groups as follows: oral lichen planus (128), oral lichenoid reactions (128), and healthy control group (128). The temperament was assessed by Mojahedi et al. validated questionnaire, and the results were compared across the groups. Warm temperament was significantly higher in the lichen planus group (P=0.0001). The dry temperament was higher in oral lichen planus and lichenoid groups. In these groups, the intermediate group had the least rate, but in the control group, the moist temperament was less common. No statistically significant difference existed between groups in this era (P=0.210). However, among mixed temperaments, the warm and moist temperament was the same across the groups (P=0.195); the warm and dry temperament was significantly more common in cases with oral lichen planus (P < 0.001); and the cold and dry temperament (P=0.017) and cold and moist temperament (P <0.001) were significantly more common in the control group. The only difference between the two groups of control and lichenoid reactions was cold and dry temperament (P=0.008). This study revealed that warm temperament is related to oral lichen planus. Reestablishing this matter in future studies would help develop some evidence-based preventive strategies to reduce the burden of oral lichen planus.
From Option B+ to Universal “Test and Treat” in Cameroon: Identification and Evaluation of District-level Factors Associated with Retention in Care
Authors: Njah Joel M. , Halle-Ekane Gregory E. , Atanga Sylvester N. , Tshimwanga Edouard K. , Desembuin Felix , Muffih Pius T. 
Published: September 2023

Background and Objective:
Retaining women in Option B+ services is crucial for eliminating new pediatric HIV infections. However, there are few studies on factors influencing retention at the district level. This study evaluates the factors associated with retention in two health districts of Cameroon.

Methods:
From September 1, 2015, to February 29, 2016, we reviewed the records of pregnant and breastfeeding women initiating Option B+, a lifelong approach to preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV, between October 2013 and July 2014. We abstracted sociodemographic and clinical data from registers in 22 health facilities in the Bamenda urban and Kumba rural districts into spreadsheets. Cox regression age-adjusted survival curves were used to compare retention probabilities at 6 and 12 months post-antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Multivariable modified Poisson regressions were run to estimate adjusted relative risk (aRR) of factors associated with retention in PMTCT care at 12 months post-ART initiation. STATA software was used for the analyses.

Results:
Of the 560 files reviewed, majority, 62.7% (n=351), were above 24 years of age and married, 68.9% (n=386). From the multivariable analysis, enrolling early in antenatal care (ANC) (aRR: 1.50, 95% CIL: 1.17-1.93) and knowing the male partner’s HIV-negative status (aRR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.00-1.34) were significantly associated with higher retention in care, adjusting for maternal age, marital status, and distance from the health facility. By health district, knowing the male partner’s HIV-negative status (aRR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.13-1.50) in the Bamenda urban and enrolling early in ANC (aRR: 2.03, 95% CI" 1.21-3.41) in the Kumba rural district, had significantly higher retention rates after adjusting for the same covariates.

Conclusion and Global Health Implications:
Overall, factors influencing retention varied by urban or rural district. Therefore, tailored district-level interventions are needed to enhance early ANC enrollment in the rural and partner HIV status disclosure in the urban districts to improve retention in PMTCT care.
Hybrid Hybrid wavelet and entropy features to monitor happy hypoxia based on photoplethysmogram signals
Authors: Ginting Ayub 
Published: September 2023

Happy hypoxia is a condition where patients experience decreasing oxygen saturation in their brains. In worst cases, Happy hypoxia can reduce the patient's consciousness and even death. Covid-19 has increased cases of happy hypoxia. Several studies have been conducted to detect the happy hypoxia. Existing research projects generally use photo plethysmography signals. However, the results show that the accuracy of happy hypoxia detection is still low. This study provides a solution to the above problems, by proposing a happy hypoxia detection system based on entropy and Discrete Wavele Transform (DWT) features that are combined with a classifier based on K Nearest Neighbor (KNN). The method used in this research is as below Hybrid Wavelet and Entropy Features method.Experiments on the proposed system have been carried out using data on Covid-19 patients from Haji Adam Malik Hospital in Medan.The experimental results show that the system proposed has an accuracy of 87%, sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 85
LHHW/RSM reaction rate modeling for Co-Mn/SiO 2 Nanocatalyst in Fishcher-Tropsch synthesis
Authors: Azizi Hamid Reza , Mansouri Mohsen , Tabrizi Farshad Farshchi , Mansouri Ghobad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Present research work planned to asset kinetic of Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reaction over the cobalt-manganese (CM) nanoparticle supported by silica oxide. Nanoparticls were synthesized by thermal decomposition method using "[Co(NH3)4CO3]MnO4" complex and characterized by XRD, TEM and BET techniques. Kinetic of process evaluated using combination of Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson and response surface methodology. The correlation factor 0.9902 and 0.962were obtained for the RSM and LHHW, respectively. Two methods were well in agreement with together and results showed that the rate-determining step was the reaction of absorbed methylene with absorbed hydrogen atom and the most active species on the surface of the catalyst was only carbon monoxide molecules.
Examining the effect of training with a TfU framework on intravenous therapy administration’s knowledge, performance, and satisfaction of nursing students: a non-randomized controlled study
Authors: huang Jing , Liu Xiaoyan , Xu Jing , Ren Li , Liu Lihui , Jiang Ting , Huang Menglu , Wu Zhoupeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Intravenous infusion therapy management skills of nursing students need to be improved while traditional training models have shortcomings. The Teaching for Understanding (TfU) Framework can improve the teaching-learning process and help reaching quality in education. Training based on TfU framework may promote the performance of nurses.
Methods: Using a non-synchronized design, 51 student nurses from August 2019 to January 2021 were collected as the control group, and 51 student nurses from February 2021 to July 2022 were included as the intervention group. The control group was trained by traditional teaching methods, and the intervention group received training based on TfU framework. The effect was evaluated through medical education environment perception, theory and practice assessment, and teaching satisfaction survey.
Results: After the training, there was no significant difference between the control group and the intervention group in the theory assessment. But the practice assessment scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Compared with the control group, the satisfaction scores of the trained nurses in the intervention group were significantly higher, with significant differences, especially in communication ability, teamwork cooperation, summing up capability, and learning interesting improvement. The scores of the learning perceptions, atmosphere, social self-perceptions and total scores of the intervention group were significantly higher.
Conclusion: Training using TfU framework can increase the understanding and mastery of knowledge and skills, improve learning enthusiasm, and enhance the abilities of communication and cooperation of students. TfU framework should be popularized in medical education to improve the quality of education.
Lifelike Agility and Play on Quadrupedal Robots using Reinforcement Learning and Generative Pre-trained Models
Authors: Han Lei , Zhu Qingxu , Sheng Jiapeng , Zhang Chong , Li Tingguang , Zhang Yizheng , Zhang He , Liu Yuzhen , Zhou Cheng , Zhao Rui , Li Jie , Zhang Yufeng , Wang Rui , Chi Wanchao , Li Xiong , Zhu Yonghui , Xiang Lingzhu , Teng Xiao , ZHANG Zhengyou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Summarizing knowledge from animals and human beings inspires robotic innovations. In this work, we propose a framework for driving legged robots act like real animals with lifelike agility and strategy in complex environments. Inspired by large pre-trained models witnessed with impressive performance in language and image understanding, we introduce the power of advanced deep generative models to produce motor control signals stimulating legged robots to act like real animals. Unlike conventional controllers and end-to-end RL methods that are task-specific, we propose to pre-train generative models over animal motion datasets to preserve expressive knowledge of animal behavior. The pre-trained model holds sufficient primitive-level knowledge yet is environment-agnostic. It is then reused for a successive stage of learning to align with the environments by traversing a number of challenging obstacles that are rarely considered in previous approaches, including creeping through narrow spaces, jumping over hurdles, freerunning over scattered blocks, etc. These traversing capabilities are kept as reusable parameters at environmental-level, again. Finally, a task-specific controller is trained to solve complex downstream tasks by reusing the knowledge from previous stages, while the strategic-level knowledge for solving the task is preserved as reusable parameters, once again. Enriching the knowledge regarding each stage does not affect the usage of other levels of knowledge. This flexible framework offers the possibility of continual knowledge accumulation at different levels. We successfully apply the trained multi-level controllers to the MAX robot, a quadrupedal robot developed in-house, to mimic animals, traverse complex obstacles, and play in a designed challenging multi-agent Chase Tag Game, where lifelike agility and strategy emerge on the robots.1 The present research pushes the frontier of robot control with new insights on reusing multi-level pre-trained knowledge and solving highly complex downstream tasks in the real world.
A Dynamic Knee Function Scoring System for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Based on Normative Six-of-Freedom Gait Pattern
Authors: Mao Yun-He , Li Jun-Qiao , Lan Tian , Li Jian , Huang Fu-Liang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common, but traditional examinations primarily focus on static assessments, lacking the ability to evaluate dynamic knee stability. Therefore, a dynamic knee function scoring system is needed.
Purpose: This study aimed to propose a dynamic scoring system based on a large sample of normative six-degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) gait kinematics and validate its correlation with conventional outcome measurements when assessing ACL-injured knees.
Methods: A total of 500 healthy Chinese participants were recruited to establish a large dataset. 83 patients with isolated unilateral ACL injury were included for preoperative assessments. An infrared navigation three-dimensional portable knee motion analysis system was used to collect data on the 6-DOF of both knees while walking on a treadmill. A novel 6-DOF scoring system was developed based on the large sample data using the dynamic time warping algorithm. The Spearman correlation coefficients (ρ) were calculated between the 6-DOF score and the Lysholm score, 2000 International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective score, and Tegner’s activity scale.
Results: The 95% confidence intervals (CI) for abduction/adduction, internal/external rotation, flexion/extension, anterior/posterior translation, medial/lateral translation, and proximal/distal translation in the 500 healthy participants were as follows: 10.07 ± 4.04°, 15.13 ± 4.85°, 60.56 ± 6.07°, 1.79 ± 0.75 cm, 1.09 ± 0.42 cm, and 1.58 ± 0.54 cm, respectively. The Spearman correlation coefficients (ρ) between the 6-DOF score and the assessment scores were as follows: ρ = 0.375 (p < 0.001) for the Lysholm score, ρ = 0.273 (p = 0.016) for Tegner’s activity scale, and ρ = 0.145 (p = 0.208) for the 2000 IKDC subjective score.
Conclusion: Significant correlations were found between the 6-DOF score and the Lysholm score as well as Tegner’s activity scale. Therefore, the 6-DOF score has the potential to provide comprehensive and meaningful information on the dynamic knee function and stability of ACL-injured patients.
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection augments the magnitude and durability of systemic and mucosal immunity in triple-dose CoronaVac recipients
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Zhao Tiantian , Chen Lin , Jiang Guozhi , Geng Yu , Li Wanting , Yin Shengxia , Tao Yue , Ni Jun , Lu Qiuhan , Ning Mingzhe , Wu Chao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The inactivated whole-virion vaccine, CoronaVac, is one of the most widely used coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines worldwide. There is a paucity of data indicating the durability of the immune response and the impact of immune imprinting induced by CoronaVac upon Omicron breakthrough infection. In this prospective cohort study, 41 triple-dose CoronaVac recipients and 14 unvaccinated individuals were recruited and the anti-SARS-CoV-2 adaptive responses were analyzed before and post Omicron BA.5 infection. Twelve months after the third CoronaVac vaccination, spike-specific antibody and cellular responses were detectable in most vaccinees. BA.5 infection significantly augmented the magnitude, cross-reactivity and durability of serum neutralization activities, Fc-mediated phagocytosis, and nasal spike-specific IgA responses, memory B cells, memory CD4 + T cells, and memory CD8 + T cells for both the ancestral strain and Omicron subvariants, compared to unvaccinated individuals. Notably, the increment in BA.5-specific immunity after breakthrough infection was consistently higher than for the ancestral strain, suggesting no evidence of immune imprinting. Immune landscape analyses showed vaccinated individuals have better synchronization of multiple immune components than unvaccinated individuals upon heterologous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our data provides detailed insight into the protective role of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in shaping humoral and cellular immune responses to heterologous Omicron infection.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05680896
Does our body height protect against developing osteoarthritis? Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Jiang Sichao , Zong Junwei , Wang Shouyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Observational studies have suggested a relationship between height and osteoarthritis, but these findings may be influenced by confounding factors and reverse causality. Using Mendelian randomization analysis based on a GWAS dataset of 403,124 individuals primarily of European descent, we examined the effects of height, sitting height, and other factors on the risk of developing osteoarthritis. We also compared the contributions of different exposure factors to determine their relative risks. Our findings indicate that there is no association between overall risk of osteoarthritis and height; however, there is a correlation between height and the risk of developing knee and hip osteoarthritis.
Uncovering aggregated epigenetic index effects on intergenerational transmission of physical neglect and its psychiatric, cognitive, and bonding impact
Authors: León Inmaculada , Gongora Daylin , Rodrigo María José , Herrero-Roldán Silvia , López Maykel , Mitchell Colter , Fisher Jonah , Iturria-Medina Yasser 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Life adverse events induce DNA methylation changes, but less is known about their impact on maladaptive parenting. We use a trajectory inference method to define a personalized aggregated epigenetic maternal neglect score (EMNs) from saliva DNA methylation data. We evaluate this index as a mediator between having suffered negligence as a daughter and practicing maternal neglect to their children in a cohort of 138 mothers (n = 51 in the neglect group; n = 87 in the control non-neglect group) and with their corresponding young children. Differential methylation between the two groups was used to provide the EMNs after adjusting CpGs by the level of education, age, experimental variables, and leukocytes. Later, the explanatory role of EMNs in connecting suffered negligence in childhood with their posterior maternal neglect profile was tested through structural equation modelling (SEM). The SEM model (X2 (29) = 39.590; p = 0.091; RMSEA = 0.052) confirmed the EMNs as a direct mediator between mothers’ reported childhood physical neglect and psychopathological symptoms, poor cognitive integrity, and observed poor mother-child emotional availability. A third of the genes annotated to the CpGs that affect EMNs are related to cognitive impairment, neurodegenerative and psychopathological disorders. These results establish our EMNs as a novel index to assess the contribution of DNA methylation changes to the intergenerational transmission of neglectful parental behavior and its associated effects. The evidence provided expands the possibilities for earlier and targeted interventions of the neglect condition to prevent and ameliorate the negative impact of maternal adversities on mother-child care, helping to break the cycle of maltreatment.