bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aquatic Cycling for a Child With Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy: A Case Report
Authors: Conklin Ashley , Van Wingerden Anita 
Published: July 2023

Introduction and Purpose:Cerebral palsy (CP) causes multisystem deficits including abnormalities in muscle tone, motor control, postural control, and balance, which lead to functional limitations. Research demonstrates that aquatic physical therapy (APT) aids in mitigating negative effects of CP in children. Land-based adapted cycling (LBADC) programs use adapted bicycles to facilitate movement, strength, and endurance, with promising results in children with CP. Aquatic cycling (AC), using a stationary bicycle submerged in water, posits benefits in adults. No study has investigated the combination of APT and cycling for children. The purpose of this case report is to present the outcomes of an AC program for a child with CP.Case Description:The patient was a 9-year-old boy diagnosed with hemiplegic CP, Gross Motor Function Classification System level II presenting with hypertonicity, and decreased motor control and strength throughout his right side, resulting in limitations in endurance and functional mobility. AC sessions consisted of 20 minutes of stationary AC, with a 5-minute warm-up and cooldown.Outcomes:A total of 10 AC sessions yielded improvements in strength and functional ability. Timed Up and Go test scores improved by 1.3 seconds, exceeding the minimal clinically important difference of 1.2 seconds. The 6-Minute Walk Test score increased by 284 ft, exceeding the minimal detectable change (MDC). Strength improvements were obtained at the right hip abductors and ankle dorsiflexors and bilateral knee flexors, exceeding the MDC of 1.7 lb.Discussion:This is the first study to investigate the effect of AC for a child with CP. Results indicate that AC sessions were beneficial in improving the patient's strength, endurance, and gait efficiency and may be an effective way to engage children with CP in therapeutic exercise.
Rhodococcus antarcticus sp. nov., isolated from a till sample of Collins glacier front, Antarctica
Authors: Sun Mingjing , Zhu Baolin , Liu Jia , Qin Kun , Peng Fang 
Published: July 2023

A pink-coloured, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic and rod-shaped strain, designated 75T, was isolated from Collins glacier front till, Antarctica. Strain 75T was non-motile and non-spore-forming. Growth was observed at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0), at 4–45 °C (optimum, 20 °C) and with 0–9 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1%). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 75T belongs to the genus

Rhodococcus

, and is related to

Rhodococcus gannanensis

DSM 104003T,

Rhodococcus aerolatus

KCTC29240T and

Rhodococcus agglutinans

KCTC 39118T (96.1, 96.0 and 95.7 % sequence similarity, respectively). The main polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannoside and a phosphoglycolipid. The major cellular fatty acids were identified as C16 : 0, iso- C16 : 0, 10-methyl C17 : 0 and C17 : 1
ω8c. MK-7 and MK-8(H4) were found to be the dominant menaquinones. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, ribose, galactose, glucose and rhamnose. The genome of strain 75T is 3.82 Mb long in size with a G+C content of 73.1 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, molecular and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain 75T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus

Rhodococcus

, for which the name Rhodococcus antarcticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 75T (=CCTCC AA 2019032T=KCTC 49334T).
Resting-state background features demonstrate multidien cycles in long-term EEG device recordings
Authors: Ojemann William K.S. , Scheid Brittany H. , Mouchtaris Sofia , Lucas Alfredo , LaRocque Joshua J. , Aguila Carlos , Ashourvan Arian , Caciagli Lorenzo , Davis Kathryn A. , Conrad Erin C. , Litt Brian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundLongitudinal EEG recorded by implanted devices is critical for understanding and managing epilepsy. Recent research reports patient-specific, multi-day cycles in device-detected epileptiform events that coincide with increased likelihood of clinical seizures. Understanding these cycles could elucidate mechanisms generating seizures and advance drug and neurostimulation therapiesObjective/HypothesisWe hypothesize that seizure-correlated cycles are present in background neural activity, independent of interictal epileptiform spikes, and that neurostimulation may disrupt these cycles.MethodsWe analyzed regularly-recorded seizure-free data epochs from 20 patients implanted with a responsive neurostimulation (RNS) device for at least 1.5 years, to explore the relationship between cycles in device-detected interictal epileptiform activity (dIEA), clinician-validated interictal spikes, background EEG features, and neurostimulation.ResultsBackground EEG features tracked the cycle phase of dIEA in all patients (AUC: 0.63 [0.56 - 0.67]) with a greater effect size compared to clinically annotated spike rate alone (AUC: 0.55 [0.53-0.61], p < 0.01). After accounting for circadian variation and spike rate, we observed significant population trends in elevated theta and beta band power and theta and alpha connectivity features at the cycle peaks (sign test, p < 0.05). In the period directly after stimulation we observe a decreased association between cycle phase and EEG features compared to background recordings (AUC: 0.58 [0.55-0.64]).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that seizure-correlated dIEA cycles are not solely due to epileptiform discharges but are associated with background measures of brain state; and that neurostimulation may disrupt these cycles. These results may help elucidate mechanisms underlying seizure generation, provide new biomarkers for seizure risk, and facilitate monitoring, treating, and managing epilepsy with implantable devices.HighlightsBackground EEG features track multidien cycles in RNS dIEAdIEA linked EEG features are patient-specific and may differ with cortical structureResponsive neurostimulation suppresses EEG-dIEA coupling
Performance of Thrombectomy-Capable, Comprehensive, and Primary Stroke Centers in Reperfusion Therapies for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Report from the Get With The Guidelines Stroke Registry
Authors: Raychev Radoslav , Sun Jie-Lena , Schwamm Lee , Smith Eric E. , Fonarow Gregg C. , Messé Steven R. , Xian Ying , Chiswell Karen , Blanco Rosalia , Grory Brian Mac , Saver Jeffrey L. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe thrombectomy-capable stroke center (TSC) is a recently introduced intermediate tier of accreditation for hospitals caring for patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The comparative quality and clinical outcomes of reperfusion therapies at TSCs, primary stroke centers (PSCs), and comprehensive stroke centers (CSCs) has not been well delineated.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, observational, cohort study from 2018-2020 that included patients with AIS who received endovascular (EVT) and/or intravenous (IVT) reperfusion therapies at CSC, TSC, or PSC. Participants were recruited from Get With The Guidelines–Stroke registry. Study endpoints included timeliness of IVT and EVT, successful reperfusion, discharge destination, discharge mortality, and functional independence at discharge.ResultsAmong 84,903 included patients, 48,682 received EVT, of whom 73% were treated at CSCs, 22% at PSCs, and 4% at TSCs. The median annual EVT volume was 76 for CSCs, 55 for TSCs, and 32 for PSCs. Patient differences by center status included higher NIHSS, longer onset-to-arrival time, and higher transfer-in rates for CSC/TSC/PSC, respectively. In adjusted analyses, the likelihood of achieving the goal door-to-needle time was higher in CSCs compared to PSCs (OR 1.39; 95% CI 1.17-1.66) and in TSCs compared to PSCs (OR 1.45; 95% CI 1.08-1.96). Similarly, the odds of achieving the goal door-to-puncture time were higher in CSCs compared to PSCs (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.13-2.21). CSCs and TSCs also demonstrated better clinical efficacy outcomes compared to PSCs. The odds of discharge to home or rehabilitation were higher in CSCs compared to PSCs (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.06-1.31), while the odds of in-hospital mortality/discharge to hospice were lower in both CSCs compared to PSCs (OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.81-0.94) and TSCs compared to PSCs (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.75-0.98). There were no significant differences in any of the quality-of-care metrics and clinical outcomes between TSCs and CSCs.ConclusionsIn this study representing national US practice, CSCs and TSCs exceeded PSCs in key quality-of-care reperfusion metrics and outcomes, whereas TSCs and CSCs demonstrated similar performance. Considering that over one-fifth of all EVT procedures during the study period were conducted at PSCs, it may be desirable to explore national initiatives aimed at facilitating the elevation of eligible PSCs to a higher certification status.
Unique Geographical Features of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients within urban area: A Bayesian Spatial Analysis
Authors: Senda Atsushi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe advantages of urban areas for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), attributable to their extensive medical resources, are well recognized. However, whether a greater abundance of these resources directly improves patient outcomes is unclear. Moreover, it is important to clarify this because of the ongoing global trend of urbanization. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate this issue and shed light on the potential challenges specific to urban environments.MethodsThis retrospective observational study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between the geographical features of patients with shockable OHCA and neurological outcomes. Data of patients who were transported to Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital between June 1, 2016, and May 30, 2022, were extracted from electronic review board records. The Glasgow-Pittsburgh Cerebral Performance Category Scale was utilized to evaluate the neurological results. The study employed Bayesian spatial modeling and analyzed the results using the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation and Stochastic Partial Differential Equation methods.ResultsParadoxically, a region with the highest concentration of advanced medical facilities exhibited the poorest neurological outcomes. This area was characterized by an extended duration of on-site emergency medical service activity, which strongly correlated with a negative impact on patients’ neurological outcomes.ConclusionsThe abundance of healthcare resources in urban areas does not necessarily correlate with improved outcomes for patients with OHCA. A strategic approach to medical control that considers these factors can potentially enhance the outcomes of patients with OHCA in urban areas.Clinical PerspectivesWhat is new?In a retrospective geographical analysis of patients with shockable Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA), it was found that the region with the highest concentration of advanced medical facilities paradoxically exhibited the poorest neurological outcomes. Additionally, there was a noticeable extension in the duration of on-site emergency medical service activity in this area.What are the clinical implications?The abundance of healthcare resources in urban areas does not necessarily equate to improved outcomes for patients with OHCA. Therefore, a strategic approach to medical resource management should be considered to effectively utilize these resources and enhance the outcomes of patients in urban areas.
Intracardiac Thrombus in COVID-19 Inpatients: A Nationwide Study of Incidence, Predictors and Outcomes
Authors: Agrawal Ankit , Bajaj Suryansh , Bhagat Umesh , Chandna Sanya , Arockiam Aro Daniela , Chan Nicholas , Haroun Elio , Gupta Rahul , Badwan Osamah , Shekhar Shashank , Ramu Shivabalan Kathavarayan , Nayar Divya , Jaber Wael , Griffin Brian P , Wang Tom Kai Ming 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundCOronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been observed to be associated with a hypercoagulable state. Intracardiac thrombosis is a serious complication but has seldom been evaluated in COVID-19 patients. We assessed the incidence, associated factors, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with intracardiac thrombosis.MethodsCOVID-19 inpatients during 2020 were retrospectively identified from the national inpatient sample (NIS) database, and data retrieved regarding clinical characteristics, intracardiac thrombosis, and adverse outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the clinical factors associated with intracardiac thrombosis and in-hospital mortality and morbidities.ResultsA total of 1,683,785 COVID-19 inpatients were identified in 2020 from NIS, with a mean age of 63.8 ± 1.6 years, and 32.2% females. Intracardiac thrombosis was present in 0.001% (1,830) patients. Overall, in-hospital outcomes include all-cause mortality 13.2% (222,695/1,683,785), cardiovascular mortality 3.5%, cardiac arrest 2.6%, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) 4.4%, heart failure 16.1%, stroke 1.3% and acute kidney injury (AKI) 28.3%. The main factors associated with intracardiac thrombosis were a history of congestive heart failure and coagulopathy. Intracardiac thrombosis was independently associated with a higher risk of in-hospital all-cause mortality (OR: 3.32, 95% CI: 2.42-4.54, p<0.001), cardiovascular mortality (OR: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.96-4.44, p<0.001), cardiac arrest (OR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.22-3.43, p=0.006), ACS (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.17-2.22, p=0.003), stroke (OR: 3.10, 95% CI: 2.11-4.56, p<0.001), and AKI (OR: 2.13 95% CI: 1.68-2.69, p<0.001), but not incident heart failure (p=0.27).ConclusionAlthough intracardiac thrombosis is rare in COVID-19 inpatients, its presence was independently associated with higher risks of in-hospital mortality and most morbidities. Prompt investigations and treatments for intracardiac thrombosis are warranted when there is a high index of suspicion and a confirmed diagnosis respectively.
Outcomes of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy by New York Heart Association Class: A Patient-Level Meta-Analysis
Authors: Shivakumar Nishkala , Friedman Daniel J. , Fudim Marat , Abraham William T. , Cleland John G. F. , Curtis Anne B. , Gold Michael R. , Kutyifa Valentina , Linde Cecilia , Young James , Tang Anthony , Olivas-Martinez Antonio , Inoue Lurdes Y.T. , Sanders Gillian D. , Al-Khatib Sana M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractData on the benefits of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with severe heart failure (HF) symptoms are limited. We investigated the relative effects of CRT in patients with ambulatory NYHA IV vs. III functional class at the time of device implantation. In this meta-analysis, we pooled patient-level data from the MIRACLE, MIRACLE-ICD, and COMPANION trials. Outcomes evaluated were time to the composite endpoint of first HF hospitalization (HFH) or all-cause mortality and time to all-cause mortality alone. The association between CRT and outcomes was evaluated using a Bayesian Hierarchical Weibull survival regression model. We assessed if this association differs between NYHA III and IV groups by adding an interaction term between CRT and NYHA class as a random effect. A sensitivity analysis was performed by including data from the RAFT trial. Our pooled analysis included 2309 patients. Overall, CRT was associated with a longer time to HFH or all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.79, 95%CI 0.64 – 0.99, p = 0.044), with a similar association with time to all-cause mortality (aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.59 – 1.03, p = 0.083). Associations of CRT with outcomes were not significantly different for those in NYHA III and IV classes (ratio of aHR 0.72, 95% CI 0.30 – 1.27, p = 0.23 for HFH/mortality; ratio of aHR 0.70, 95% CI 0.35 – 1.34, p = 0.27 for all-cause mortality alone). The sensitivity analysis, including RAFT data, did not show a significant relative CRT benefit between NYHA III and IV classes. Overall, there was no significant difference in the association of CRT with either outcome for patients in NYHA functional class III compared with functional class IV.
Bile acids mediate liver-bone marrow crosstalk
Authors: Vitale Daniele , Azardaryany Mahmoud Karimi , Talesh Ghazal Alipour , Shahidi Mahsa , Ho Vikki , Dervish Suat , Haryanto Jong FX Himawan , Suo Maito , George Jacob , Esmaili Saeed 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe modern dietary exposome is calorie dense and poor in nutritional quality resulting in high prevalence of fatty liver disease and an increasing incidence of cardiometabolic disease and cancer. We investigated the impact of dietary composition on the interaction between the liver and haematopoietic systems in mice. Using xenograft and chemical-induced liver cancer models, we find that liver tumoursper sehave a minimal impact on haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) responses. In contrast, alterations in dietary composition have profound effects on the liver-bone marrow axis. Specifically, exposure to sucrose with or without dietary cholesterol has minimal impact on the HSPC response, while perturbations in bile acid biosynthesis synergises with excess dietary cholesterol to enhance HSPC responses. Pharmacological restoration of bile acid biosynthesis partially reversed these effects. We conclude that the crosstalk between liver and bone marrow, and subsequent HSPC responses is regulated by bile acid biosynthesis.
Acetylcholine release from basal forebrain promotes cortical synaptic plasticity via somatostatin interneurons
Authors: Zhao Xueyang , Zhang Yu E. , Yang Lu , Yang Yang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBasal forebrain (BF) cholinergic projections densely innervate the neocortex, releasing acetylcholine (ACh) to modulate neuronal excitability, thereby influencing sensory processing and cognitive functions. However, the synaptic basis of such ACh-induced effectsin vivoremains elusive. To investigate how ACh release from BF regulates synaptic dynamics in the neocortex, we selectively stimulated BF cholinergic neurons in mice, and used two-photon microscopy to track structural changes of dendritic spines on cortical pyramidal neurons. We found that optogenetic and chemogenetic stimulation of BF cholinergic neurons rapidly induced spine formation in layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the auditory cortex and the posterior parietal cortex. Selective blockage of ACh receptors (AChRs) demonstrated that nicotinic AChRs are required for the ACh-induced spine formation. We also found that Ach-induced spine formation of pyramidal neurons requires the activity of cortical somatostatin-expressing inhibitory interneurons. Together, our study revealed ACh-induced synaptic plasticity in the cortical microcircuitin vivo, providing a synaptic mechanism for cortical neuronal plasticity and functional changes associated with BF ACh release.
RamanSPy: An open-source Python package for integrative Raman spectroscopy data analysis
Authors: Georgiev Dimitar , Pedersen Simon Vilms , Xie Ruoxiao , Fernández-Galiana Álvaro , Stevens Molly M. , Barahona Mauricio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is a non-destructive and label-free chemical analysis technique, which plays a key role in the analysis and discovery cycle of various branches of science. Nonetheless, progress in Raman spectroscopic analysis is still impeded by the lack of software, methodological and data standardisation, and the ensuing fragmentation and lack of reproducibility of analysis workflows thereof. To address these issues, we introduceRamanSPy, an open-source Python package for Raman spectroscopic research and analysis.RamanSPyprovides a comprehensive library of ready-to-use tools for spectroscopic analysis, which streamlines day-to-day tasks, integrative analyses, as well as novel research and algorithmic development.RamanSPyis modular and open source, not tied to a particular technology or data format, and can be readily interfaced with the burgeoning ecosystem for data science, statistical analysis and machine learning in Python.
Trace_y: Software algorithms for structural analysis of individual helical filaments by three-dimensional contact point reconstruction atomic force microscopy
Authors: Xue Wei-Feng 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTAtomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful and increasingly accessible technology that has a wide range of imaging applications. AFM is capable of producing detailed three-dimensional topographical height images with a high signal-to-noise ratio. This is a key capability of AFM, which enables the structural features of individual molecules to be studied without the need for ensemble averaging, and could offer structural analysis applications where heterogeneity of molecular populations, structural variations between individual molecules, or population distribution properties in general, hold important information. Here, a software tool called Trace_y designed to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) surface envelopes of individual helical filament structures from topographical AFM height images is presented. Workflow using Trace_y is demonstrated on the structural analysis of individual helical amyloid protein fibrils where the assembly mechanism of heterogeneous, complex and diverse fibril populations from a single amino-acid sequence due to structural polymorphism is not fully understood. The software and the workflow presented here allows the structural information encoded in topographical AFM height images to be extracted and understood as 3D contact point clouds. This approach will facilitate the use of AFM in structural biology, in integrated methodologies together with other structural analysis tools to understand the structures and behaviours at individual molecule level.