bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Presumed ocular tuberculosis in a developed country: a descriptive retrospective analysis of patients from a tertiary health care centre in the United Kingdom
Authors: Boshra Mariam M. , Stylianidies Amira , Agrawal Hitesh 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To describe the clinical presentation of Tuberculosis uveitis (TBU) in a developed country (tertiary health Care Centre in The UK) and its association with the response to anti-TB treatment (ATT).

Methods
A retrospective study, in which, we collected data on ocular TB from a tertiary referral center in a developed country from a total of 100 eyes of 56 patients. The collected data were analyzed from the perspective of visual acuity at the presentation and the last visit, clinical presentation, treatment started, and the need for immune suppressive therapy.

Results
Pan uveitis was the most common clinical presentation (40%). All patients received ATT. Comparing mean baseline visual acuity 0.49±0.65 was slightly reduced to 0.45±0.72 (3 months after completing ATT), however, this difference was not statistically significant. The rate of treatment failure was 44%. Twenty-five patients needed additional immunosuppression (steroid alone or combined with immune suppressive therapy) 3 months after completing the ATT because of persistent inflammation.

Conclusion
TBU is still a diagnosis that needs to be considered and excluded in developed areas. Long-term Immunosuppressive medication may be needed for cases of TBU with significant intraocular inflammation either during or after ATT. Uveitis pattern and presence or absence of disc edema could predict the need for immunosuppression.
Multifocal electroretinogram evaluation of different optical coherence tomography patterns of diabetic macular edema
Authors: Mohamed Abdelrahman W.M. , Khairat Yehia M. , AttaAllah Heba R. , Abdelrahman Amr A.M. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To correlate macular function to morphological patterns of diabetic macular edema (DME) observed by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Patients and methods
This study included 100 DME eyes and 60 control eyes. OCT patterns of DME were divided into: Type 1: diffuse retinal thickening (DRT); Type 2: cystoid macular edema (CME); Type 3: neurosensory detachment (NSD); and Type 4: the combined type that was further subdivided into: Type 4a: DRT with CME, Type 4b: DRT with NSD, and Type 4c: CME with NSD. These types were correlated with LogMAR VA and P1 wave amplitude and implicit time of multifocal electroretinogram.

Results
In both central ring 1 and paracentral ring 2, P1 amplitude was significantly reduced in all types of DME compared with control group. P1 amplitude was highest in Type 1, and lowest in Type 4c compared with other DME types. P1 implicit time was significantly delayed in all types, and significantly delayed in Type 4c compared with Type 1.

Conclusion
DRT was the best type for macular function, CME was associated with decreased P1 wave amplitude in central macular ring, NSD was associated with decreased P1 wave amplitude in the paracentral macular ring, combined CME with NSD carried the poorest visual function. From a practical point of view, combining OCT and multifocal electroretinogram testing may offer a potent method to assess the degree of retinal injury.
Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on the prognosis of mucor mycosis in diabetic patients in Egypt: a comparative multicenter study
Authors: ElSamkary Mahmoud , Elsherif Radwa , Saad Tarek M. , Fawzy Samah M. 
Published: January 2025

Aim
The current study was designed to figure out the influence of Corona virus infection (COVID-19) on the course and outcome of mucor mycosis in controlled diabetic Egyptian patients.

Patients and methods
The presented multicenter study compared retrospectively two groups of diabetic patients with clinically and radiologically documented rhino-orbital-cerebral mucor mycosis. The first group included 20 patients who had COVID-19 infection documented clinically, radiologically, and laboratory at the time of admission to the hospital, while the 22 patients in the second group did not. Full ophthalmological evaluation and necessary medications were offered to all patients, and the decision to exenteration was made and performed when appropriate. Medical conditions like diabetes mellitus and other aspects of mucor mycosis were controlled carefully by specialized consultants, and detailed medical reports for morbidity and mortality were provided. Comparisons of the clinical picture, final visual acuity, exenteration, and mortality/survival rates were done between the two groups. Recovered patients were followed up for 4 months after discharge from the hospital.

Results
COVID-19 infection in the first group aggravated the clinical picture significantly, especially the soft tissue affection like face swelling (P=0.0047) and worsened the final visual outcome (P=0.047). It also increased the rates of ICU admission, exenteration, and death as compared to the non-COVID group by 6, 15, and 11%, respectively (P>0.05).

Conclusion
Infection by COVID-19 worsened the course and prognosis of rhino-orbital-cerebral mucor mycosis in controlled diabetic patients in the form of a more aggressive clinical picture, exenteration, and death (although statistically insignificant). It also resulted in poorer visual outcome (in acuities CF to 3/60, P=0.047). Early hospitalization, anti-fungal, and surgical exenteration, if needed, increase the survival rate and decrease morbidity.
The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue Measure: Cross-Cultural Validation of an Arabic Version for Older Jordanians
Authors: Abuadas Mohammad H. , Albikawi Zainab , Khoury Osama 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Numerous national and international nursing research studies have used the 13-item Chronic Illness Therapy Functional Assessment Chronic Illness Therapy (fatigue) (FACIT‐F) scale to measure the level of self-reported fatigue among the elderly population. Nonetheless, a culturally adapted Arabic version of the scale of the same quality was required to boost its use in Arabic-speaking nations. This study cross-culturally validated the Arabic version of the FACIT-F scale and tested its validity and reliability in an Arabic-speaking population.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted the study among an elderly Jordanian population using a methodological cross-sectional approach. Using a cluster random selection technique, we randomly selected 250 older adults from a larger pool. We evaluated the scale’s validity, internal consistency, and acceptability. We analyzed the construct validity using both confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis.

Results:
The Arabic version of FACIT-F was proven to be acceptable for the one-factor model in the elderly Jordanian population. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the Arabic FACIT-F was 0.95, which indicated good reliability. Evidence suggested that construct validity for the FACIT-F was generally quite acceptable.

Conclusions:
With regard to evaluating fatigue in an older Jordanian population, the Arabic translations of the FACIT-F have been shown to be reliable and valid.
Why Do Nurses Fail to Implement Pain Assessment Instruments for Hospitalized Infants?
Authors: Elsagh Azamolmolouk , Ebadi Abbas , Dalvandi Asghar , Tabarsi Beheshteh 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Effective pain assessment in neonatal care is crucial for ensuring the well-being of newborns. However, barriers to its successful implementation persist. This study aims to identify the obstacles that hinder effective neonatal pain assessment by Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) nurses.

Materials and Methods:
This qualitative study was conducted using the method of conventional content analysis. Purposive sampling was employed from February to September 2023, selecting 14 female nurses working in NICUs of hospitals in Tehran and Karaj as participants. Indepth, semistructured interviews were conducted to collect the data. The software “MAXQDA” version 2016 was utilized for managing qualitative data.

Results:
Four main themes and eleven subthemes were identified: “Overtasked,” “Discordant atmosphere,” “Soulless care,” and “Lack of awareness.” Each of these main themes is further elaborated through the subsequent subthemes.

Conclusions:
This study found that the lack of knowledge and understanding of neonatal pain assessment tools, the busyness of nurses, lack of time, excessive documentation, and the inadequacy of staff relative to the number of newborns were the most significant obstacles to the assessment of newborn pain. Addressing these challenges is critical for optimal neonatal pain assessment and management, promoting the well-being of newborns.
Correlation of internet addiction with medical students’ wellbeing: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chaudhari Bhushan , Jain Mahavir H. , Patil Anand , Jagtap Biswajit , Chaudhury Suprakash , Saha Suvayan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Internet use is increasing day by day globally and in India, leading to increased problematic use of the Internet, particularly in the younger generation. Medical students are vulnerable to problematic Internet use or Internet addiction (IA) for various reasons. IA can have implications for the psychological well-being of medical students.

Aim:
To study the IA pattern and well-being among medical students.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 172 undergraduate medical students of Rural Medical College, PIMS, DU. The students were assessed through a semi-structured questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic details, information about Internet use, the Internet Addiction Test scale by Kimberly Young for assessing IA, and the Medical Student’s Well-being Index by Liselotte Dyrbye to assess medical student’s well-being.

Results:
Out of 172 students, 73 (42.44%) medical students had IA; of these, 58 (33.72%) had mild IA, 38 (22.09%) had moderate IA, and 3 (1.74%) had severe IA. IA was associated significantly with the age of the students (P = 0.000), male gender (P = 0.0001), and being from a joint family (P = 0.004). There was no significant correlation between IA and well-being among medical students.

Conclusion:
The study found a high proportion of medical students to be suffering from IA. However, impaired psychological well-being was not associated with IA. This finding stressed that the relationship between IA and psychological well-being is not so straightforward and needs further exploration as to whether overuse of the Internet in some particular inflexible manner is causing psychological impairment. This study can prove an important milestone for such further studies.
Lateral mass intrapedicular screw fixation: A radiological evaluation of screw pullout strength
Authors: Kojima Kota , Kanbe Hiroaki , Fukui Kenichiro , Endo Takahiro , Fukui Yasuyuki , Ishikawa Masayuki , Asamoto Shunji 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Lateral mass intrapedicular screw (LMIS) fixation was introduced in 2021 as a safe and simple alternative method for the fixation of the subaxial cervical spine in the treatment of various cervical spine diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the screw pullout strength of this new technique to the trajectories of two other major methods, the transpedicular screw (TPS) and lateral mass screw (LMS) methods.

Methods:
Two hundred and three patients who underwent a cervical computed tomography (CT) scan at our institution were included in the study. A region of interest for each of the three trajectories was selected using axial slices of the cervical vertebra from C3 through C6, and the CT number (Hounsfield unit) was calculated.

Results:
A total of 4872 data points were collected. The average age of the patients was 59.5 years. The male-to-female ratio was 135:68. The number of patients over the age of 65 was 93. The average CT numbers were 511.9 for TPS, 473.1 for LMS, and 598.5 for LMIS. There was a significant difference in the CT number among the three trajectories, even when adjusted for sex and age.

Conclusion:
LMIS is a promising alternative to the common methods used for subaxial cervical spine fixation that has a significant pullout strength. This approach is worth considering in many patients.
The head position and cervical alignment in patients with Chiari malformation: A retrospective case–control study
Authors: Karadeniz Resul , Dağlar Zeynep , Çağıl Emin , Günerhan Göksal , Sarıgül Buse , Aslan Yılmaz , Belen Ahmet Deniz , Dalgıç Ali 
Published: January 2025

Aim and Background:
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between cervical spinal alignment and the center of gravity (COG) of the head in patients with Chiari malformation (CM) compared to healthy individuals. CM is characterized by the herniation of posterior fossa structures through the foramen magnum, potentially affecting head positioning and craniovertebral junction biomechanics. Understanding these biomechanical changes is crucial for improving diagnostic and treatment strategies.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study included 102 CM patients and 71 healthy controls. Radiological measurements were obtained from cervical X-rays, with seven reference points used to calculate angles related to head positioning and cervical curvature. Angular parameters, including cranial incidence (CI), cranial slope (CS), cranial tilt (CT), C7 slope (C7S), and spinocranial angle (SCA), were analyzed to determine correlations with the COG of the head. Statistical analyses were performed using t-tests, ROC analysis, and Pearson/Spearman correlation tests.

Results:
CM patients had significantly higher CI, CT, STT, and SCA angles compared to controls (P < 0.05), indicating an anterior displacement of the head’s COG. The CS angle was lower in CM patients (P < 0.05), reflecting a more flexed head position. No significant differences were found in C7S and C2T angles between groups, suggesting similar cervical curvature. ROC analysis demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity of the angular measurements for diagnosing CM.

Conclusion:
CM patients exhibit distinct biomechanical alterations, including an anterior shift of the COG and a more flexed head position. These findings highlight the potential of angular measurements as noninvasive diagnostic tools for CM. Future studies should explore the implications of these biomechanical changes on CM progression and treatment outcomes.
Stepping up Efforts in Preventing Maternal Deaths Due to Post-partum Hemorrhage in Nepal: A Critical Review of National Medical Standards
Authors: Jha Rajshree 
Published: January 2025

Post partum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death globally, as well as in Nepal according to recent Maternal Mortality study 2022. National Medical Standards serve as a country specific reference document for essential clinical materials and tools, that support patient care and service provision. It has been periodically updated to keep up with the latest international medical evidence, keeping in view of the changing international, regional and national legislative and policy and evidence. While the new edition is user friendly and has included secondary postpartum hemorrhage first time, there are few gaps that exist. This commentary, focus is on the Nepal Medical Standards (NMS) more specifically a review of the NMS pertaining to PPH and point out some of the missing opportunities: during antenatal, intra natal and postpartum period. Ensuring optimal health of pregnant women, prevention of anemia, quality monitoring during labor, primary prevention, along with early recognition and timely management are crucial areas that need special focus. A supplementary standard focused on postpartum hemorrhage with relevant professional organizations could address these missing opportunities towards combating PPH in Nepal.

Key words: postpartum hemorrhage, Nepal Medical Standards, missing opportunities
La efectividad de la política de vivienda social en México
Authors: Hernández Ilizaliturri Alma A. , Graciano Casas Lucia , Haces Atondo Gerardo 
Published: January 2025

En el 2020 el gobierno federal reconocía que en México existían 650 mil viviendas abandonadas producto de una política de vivienda expansiva que dejaba de lado las necesidades de los individuos. El presente artículo muestra los resultados del análisis de la efectividad de la política pública de vivienda social en México, mediante el método sintético-analítico y el análisis multivariante se evalúa el conocimiento del proceso de la política y el conocimiento en el proceso, identificando que la política habitacional logro reducir el rezago habitacional con una media nacional del 30%, sin embargo no fue homogénea, aún existen municipios con el 100% de sus hogares en rezago; y en algunos que disminuyeron la brecha reportan un mayor número de viviendas abandonadas.
Mediante el análisis multivariante se determina un nivel bajo de efectividad de la política en la solución al problema, por lo que se recomienda impulsar una política de vivienda diferenciada que considere las necesidades financieras, de espacios y funcionalidad de la vivienda, las restricciones laborales y roles de los hogares monoparentales encabezados por jefas de familia.
Peran Ombudsman Republik Indonesia dalam Pencegahan Maladministrasi Pada Pengangkatan dan Pemberhentian Perangkat Desa
Authors: Amalia Nida , Muhammad Hasymi , Anwar Muhammad 
Published: January 2025

Pengangkatan dan pemberhentian perangkat desa memiliki angka tertinggi laporan masyarakat oleh Ombudsman RI pada substansi pedesaan tahun 2020-2022. Berdasarkan data laporan terbanyak masyarakat pada substansi pedesaan, Ombudsman RI menemukan adanya potensi maladministrasi dalam proses pengangkatan dan pemberhentian perangkat desa yang masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran Ombudsman RI dalam mencegah maladministrasi pada pengangkatan dan pemberhentian perangkat desa, serta mengidentifikasi faktor penyebab terjadinya pemberhentian perangkat desa yang tidak sesuai prosedur. Metode yang digunakan pada artikel ini adalah studi literatur dan wawancara, data diperoleh dari jurnal ilmiah, buku, laporan pemerintah, narasumber dan sumber-sumber lain yang diakui kehandalannya. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan peran penting Ombudsman RI dalam mencegah maladministrasi dengan menjalankan proses pemetaan masalah, analisis, dan memberikan saran perbaikan kepada DPR RI dan Kemendagri untuk meningkatkan transparansi, keadilan, dan efektivitas tata kelola pemerintahan desa. Bahwa saran dari Ombudsman RI tidak dapat diintegrasikan langsung ke dalam substansi Undang-Undang Desa, tetapi saran dari Ombudsman RI akan ditindaklanjuti sesuai ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan dalam pembahasan Peraturan Pelaksanaan yang akan diatur melalui Peraturan Pemerintah.
Measurement tools in the assessment of body image in the dancing context: a systematic review
Authors: Fraga-Pena Natalia , Bobo-Arce Marta 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Body image is the mental representation an individual makes about their body. In the dancing context, aesthetic is a significant factor, as body image is. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to identify which were the most used measuring tools for assessing body image in the dancing context, analyse them and conclude which ones were most suitable in this field. Methodology: Following PRISMA guidelines, articles were gathered from Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed databases up to March 7th, 2023. Primary studies of any design and language were eligible if they assessed body image in adult dancers. Results: Eighty-eight studies were included. In qualitative studies, in-depth interviews were the most common tool. In quantitative studies, more than thirty scales were identified, but only seventeen were found to be used at least twice, including silhouette scales and questionnaires. The Stunkard Scale was the most frequently used. Discussion: Only two scales were found to be specifically designed for dancers and neither of them was commonly used in literature. Conclusions: Stunkard Scale, in-depth interviews, Body Appreciation Scale and Body Shape Questionnaire are the most used instruments for assessing body image in dancers. Qualitative methods offer relevant information for the comprehension and exploration of body image. Quantitative methods are also useful, although silhouette scales offer a binary view of bodies and genders and should be reevaluated.
Bem-vinda, flauta doce, à escola em tempo integral!
Authors: Santa Cruz Jevison 
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar como estudantes do sexto ano de uma escola em tempo integral, localizada na zona norte da cidade do Recife-PE, foram inseridos no universo da música, em uma disciplina eletiva, através do uso da flauta doce. A metodologia utilizada foi de caráter qualitativo, com enfoque em elementos descritivos, bibliográficos, e por meio de observação sistemática e participante. No que tange ao planejamento das aulas, este foi organizado semanalmente. Como resultados, pode-se observar que os estudantes adquiriram conhecimento sobre a flauta doce e executaram as melodias propostas; experienciaram a noção de espírito democrático; e tiveram acesso a saberes relacionados à vida e obra de compositores pernambucanos.
Cosy development: sensory-motor interventions to improve verbal and expressiveness abilities for Down Syndrome children
Authors: Hiremawati Anik Dwi , Rochyadi Endang , Sunardi Sunardi , Rakhmat Cece 
Published: January 2025

Background: Existing interventions to improve verbal expression for children with Down Syndrome (DS) often neglect sensory and motor development. However, these abilities are essential for receiving input from the environment and responding through gestures during intervention. This study aimed to develop interventions through sensory and motor development that enhance the expressive verbal capabilities of DS children in articulating sounds, syllables, and words.
Methods: This study used quantitative methods with an experimental design. Clinician-rated questionnaires measured the pre-test and post-test verbal expressive abilities of DS children who received the Cosy Development (CD) intervention for 12 months. Participants consisted of 8 DS children, ages ranged 4-15 years. This study was conducted at Tridiva Learning House, Bandung, Indonesia. Families of the DS children were trained by researchers regarding the intervention guidelines, and they performed the CD intervention on their children at home.
Results: The Wilcoxon rank test showed a statistically significant improvement in verbal expressiveness among the eight DS children who received the CD intervention for 12 months, with p-values ranging from 0.016 to 0.008.
Conclusion: The CD intervention, which integrated sensory and motor developments, effectively improved the verbal expressiveness of DS children. The CD intervention was practical and comfortable for DS children, making it a promising approach for improving their communication abilities.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DOS JUIZADOS ESPECIAIS CÍVEIS DE RECIFE/PE COMO FERRAMENTA EDUCACIONAL PARA A CONCILIAÇÃO E RESOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS
Authors: Santos Angelique Alves de Lima , Dantas Veridiana Xavier 
Published: January 2025

Esta pesquisa se propõe em investigar como a conciliação, promovida pelos Juizados Especiais Cíveis de Recife-PE, poderá ser utilizada como uma forma educacional na resolução dos conflitos. Para tanto, será realizada uma pesquisa de campo de natureza qualitativa e quantitativa de caráter exploratório, bibliográfico, de cunho teórico e investigativo, possibilitando a coleta de dados, pertinente ao tema a conciliação como forma de resolução de conflitos nos Juizados Especiais Cíveis de Recife com enfoque na comunicação, técnicas diretas utilizadas na abordagem para se conseguir solucionar demandas eficientes e mais célere. Pretende-se analisar como o tribunal pode funcionar como uma ferramenta para educar os jurisdicionados acerca da resolução adequada de conflitos. Como resultado, busca-se identificar se a conciliação é uma ferramenta de educação para acelerar a resolução de um conflito entre partes.