bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Opioid Crisis
Authors: Mehboob Riffat 
Published: May 2023

The opioid crisis has become one of the most pressing public health issues in recent times, with devastating consequences for individuals, families, and communities. As per the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), nearly 500,000 people in the United States have died from opioid overdose between 1999 and 2019 [1]. The current opioid epidemic is a multifaceted problem that demands comprehensive and integrated strategies to address it effectively.
One of the key approaches to address the opioid crisis is harm reduction, which involves reducing the negative consequences of drug use for individuals, families, and communities. Harm reduction strategies include the provision of naloxone to reverse overdoses, access to clean syringes, and testing for infectious diseases such as HIV and hepatitis C. However, harm reduction approaches are often criticized for being permissive and promoting drug use. Still, evidence suggests that harm reduction strategies can be effective in reducing harm and improving health outcomes.
Another critical strategy to address the opioid crisis is promoting recovery, which involves supporting individuals in their journey towards sobriety and wellness. Recovery-oriented systems of care aim to provide comprehensive, person-centered, and evidence-based interventions to support individuals with substance use disorders. This includes medication-assisted treatment, counseling, peer support, and community-based resources. Promoting recovery requires a long-term commitment and a collaborative effort from healthcare providers, policymakers, and communities to ensure that individuals receive the support they need to achieve their recovery goals [2].
In conclusion, addressing the opioid crisis requires a multi-pronged approach that integrates harm reduction and recovery-oriented strategies. While preventing opioid misuse and addiction is a key priority, it is equally important to ensure that individuals who are already struggling with substance use disorders receive the necessary support to recover and rebuild their lives. Through collaborative efforts and evidence-based interventions, we can work towards reducing harm, promoting recovery, and improving the overall health and well-being of our communities.
Peran Orang Tua Dalam Membina Akhlak Remaja di Ciganitri Rt05/03 Desa Cipagalo Kecamatan Bojongsoang Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Yusep Supriadi  
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini mengkaji peran orang tua dalam membina akhlak remaja agar menjadi anak yang baik dan berguna di masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku orang tua dalam membina akhlak anak, nilai-nilai apa yang diambil anak dari proses tersebut dan bagaimana tindakan para remaja menerapkan akhlak dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan terdiri dari wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi pada orang tua di Kecamatan Bojongsoang Kabupaten Bandung. Purposive sampling digunakan untuk teknik pengambilan sampel. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis model interaktif yang menggunakan tiga komponen utama yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan inferensi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa akhlak remaja di Kabupaten Bojongsoang yang memiliki akhlak terpuji yang dipraktikkan oleh remaja di masyarakat dapat terwujud sesuai dengan harapan orang tua. Sebaliknya, remaja lebih cenderung melakukan apa yang mereka inginkan dalam masyarakat mereka. Moralitas ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor 1) keluarga 2) sekolah 3) masyarakat 4) media elektronik dan cetak. Dalam hal ini, sebagian orang tua tidak ikut berperan dalam mendidik akhlak anaknya karena kesibukan orang tua dalam mencari nafkah. Namun di sisi lain, orang tua yang berperan langsung dalam membina akhlak anaknya sangat besar pengaruhnya dalam kehidupan anak, terutama dalam menentukan akhlak anak, karena orang tua juga merupakan cerminan anak. Ketika orang tua langsung mengajarkan hal-hal yang baik, anak berperilaku baik dan sebaliknya.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Surichaqui Gutiérrez Franklin 
Published: May 2023

La Revista Científica Ciencias Ingenieriles es patrocinada por la Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Civil-Lircay de la Universidad Nacional de Huancavelica, tiene el honor de presentar a la comunidad universitaria y sociedad en general, pues contiene artículos originales e inéditos de investigación científica teniendo como tema objetivo la ingeniería con una cobertura temática en los campos de las ramas básicas y aplicadas de la Ingeniería
La Revista Científica Ciencias Ingenieriles fomenta la promoción de investigaciones innovadoras y tecnológicas con el fin de afianzar las habilidades de investigación en los jóvenes estudiantes y profesionales en ingeniería en la región de Huancavelica, así como también a nivel nacional e internacional.
Exhortamos no desmayar en los esfuerzos de crear nuevos conocimientos que generen impactos positivos en la promoción de una mayor y mejor calidad de vida de nuestra sociedad.
Comparison between stylet and bougie with the C-MAC D-blade in cervical simulated immobility. A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Thevar Manoharan Nirenjen Sadamaaya , Varghese Nita , Krishna Bhat Rama Rani 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The C-MAC D-blade was designed for difficult airway intubation scenarios. To facilitate easier and faster endotracheal intubation in the laryngoscopy paradox, an introducer is preferred. Hence, we decided to conduct a study to compare the 60˚ angled C-MAC stylet and the gum elastic bougie as aids to intubation while using the C-MAC D-blade laryngoscope in a simulated difficult airway setting. Objective: To compare the ease of oral intubation with the use of the C-MAC stylet (60˚ angled stylet) versus intubation performed over a bougie inserted using the C-MAC D-blade guidance in patients with simulated restricted cervical mobility. Methods: Prospective, randomized controlled single-center study. Intubation using the C-MAC D-blade laryngoscope was performed in 48 surgical patients randomly assigned to 2 groups of 24 each: Stylet group, Group S (using 60˚ angled stylet) and Bougie group, Group B (using bougie) after providing manual in-line stabilization to restrict cervical mobility. The Mann-Whitney U test and the Chi square test were used as applicable. Results: The use of stylet resulted in easier (Group S 75% vs. Group B 16.7%) and faster (Group S 26.83 ± 8.61s vs. Group B 47.18 ± 16.46s) intubation with fewer attempts compared to group B. Both groups experienced a similar hemodynamic stress response to intubation. Conclusions: The 60˚ angled C-MAC Stylet is a more effective and time-saving intubation aid with C-MAC D-blade compared to bougie.
Social determinants for health and neonatal anesthesia in Colombia
Authors: Trujillo Alexander 
Published: May 2023

The social determinants of health are the social characteristics in which people's lives and work develop, giving them the capacity to act in specific contexts and are responsible for the health conditions of individuals and populations.
Recent World Bank data show that Colombia has made modest progress in terms of social equity. These data reveal that neonatal mortality in remote areas of the country is similar to that found in Sub-Saharan Africa. In these regions, there is no access to specialized neonatal health services. As for anesthesia services, this age group has the highest mortality and perioperative complication rates related to prematurity, the quality of health services and, especially, the expertise of the anesthesiologist.
In Colombia, efforts to implement formal university programs for sub-specialization in pediatric anesthesiology have not received governmental support. Meanwhile, the Colombian Society of Anesthesiology, through its Committee of Pediatric Anesthesiology, has created ongoing education opportunities, which, although important, are insufficient to meet the needs of the country.
For this reason, a State policy is required, aimed at meeting its social debt and that considers the specialized training of human resources as a pillar for the promotion of equity in health, so that the surgical neonate does not have to travel in the procurement of services, but rather have the State bring those services to them.
Mongol-Soviet Relations (1925-1928)
Authors: Tsedendamba Batbayar 
Published: May 2023

The article explores the aspects of the interaction between Mongolia and the USSR on the development of their bilateral relations starting from 1925 up until 1928. The author shows how the Soviet troop withdrawal issue created by Moscow influenced the settlement of disputed issues between Mongolia and China, and interfered into the normalization Mongolian-Chinese relations for many years. Soviet envoy to the MPR P.M.Nikiforov was tasked to carry out total sovietazion of all aspects of Mongolian life under the nominal cover of independent Mongolia, and to prevent any process of unification between Outer and Inner Mongolia, to urge Mongolian leaders to recognize Tannu Tuva People’s Republic without any preconditions. A.Amar, Minister for Economy, during his trip to Moscow early 1926 raised the issues of distorted Mongol-Soviet trade, industrial, transport and other bilateral economic relations and asked Moscow to make adjustments and make economic relations equal and mutually beneficial. The character of the atmosphere between Ulaanbaatar and Moscow did play a key role in solving difficult and sensitive bilateral issues and the desire of the Mongolian People’s Republic to build official relations with Moscow as equal and trustful partners was strong.

Монгол-Зөвлөлтийн харилцаа (1925-1928)
Хураангуй: ОК(б)Н-ын Төв Хорооны Улс төрийн товчоо 1925 оны 7 дугаар сарын 30-ны өдрийн хуралдаанаар П.М.Никифоровыг ЗСБНХУ-аас Монголд суух Бүрэн эрхт төлөөлөгч бөгөөд худалдааны төлөөлөгчөөр томилох шийдийг гаргажээ. ЗХУ-ын Гадаад хэргийн ардын комиссар Г.В.Чичерин түүнийг хүлээн авч уулзаад Монгол дахь Зөвлөлтийн зорилгыг “Бид Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол улсыг Хятадын протекторатын дор биеэ даасан автономит байдалтай байхыг ёс болгон тунхаглаж байгаа хэдий боловч бид Монголыг дотоод улс төр хийгээд эдийн засгийн байгуулалтаар зөвлөлтийн хэлбэрт ойртуулах практик ажлыг тэнд тууштай явуулах ёстой” гэжээ. Түүнчлэн Чичерин Никифоровт Дотоод Монголыг өөртөө нэгтгэх гэсэн Монголын Засгийн газрын хүсэлтийг хүлээж авахгүй, дэмжихгүй байх, Тагна Урианхайг Монголтой нэгэн адил статустай гэж үзэж байгаа тул Урианхайг Монголтой нэгтгэхийн эсрэг ажиллах заавар удирдамжийг өгч байжээ. ЗХУ, БНМАУ-ын эдийн засгийн харилцааг цаашид хөгжүүлэх үүднээс БНМАУ-д нэг сая алтан рублийн зээлийг 5 жилийн хугацаатай олгохоор 1925 оны 1 дүгээр сард шийдвэрлэсэн байна. Монгол улсын Засгийн газраас мөнгөний шинэчлэлт хийх ажлыг зохион байгуулах комиссыг 1925 онд 6 хүнтэй байгуулж, тус комисс нь мөнгөний шинэчлэлт, эргэлт хуримтлалын асуудлыг хариуцаж байв. Монгол улсын банкны анхны шинэ дүрэмд “Монголын хязгаарын дотор мөнгөний гүйлгээг журамтай болгох, үнийг тэгшитгэн бататгах, эд боловсруулах, мал үржүүлэх, худалдаа арилжааны зүйлийг бадруулах” гэжээ.
Түлхүүр үгс: БНМАУ, ЗХУ, санхүү мөнгөний шинэчлэл, монгол-зөвлөлтийн худалдаа, УБХ-ын төлөөлөгчдийн айлчлал
الأحكام القانونية لاستنباط "الأصناف (الأنواع) النباتية الجديدة" في الاتفاقيات الدولية (اليوبوف: UPOV) و(تربس: TRIPS)
Authors: زين الدين صلاح 
Published: May 2023

تُعد الابداعات والابتكارات والاكتشافات الجديدة الأساس لحماية الحقوق الفكرية، ذلك أنها أصبحت من الروافع القوية التي نقلت المجتمعات الإنسانية من حال إلى حال. ومن عناصر الحقوق الفكرية المستحدثة "الأصناف النباتية الجديدة" التي يستند استنباطها إلى درجة معينة من الابتكار تُوهلها لتستظل بالحماية القانونية تحت مظلة قوانين الحقوق الفكرية الوطنية أو الاتفاقيات الدولية، دون أن تجمع على حمايتها في قانون واحد بعينه، إذ تعددت طرق توفير الحماية لهاـ فقد تُحمى عن طريق نظام الاختراع أو عن طريق نظام خاص أو عن طريق نظام مختلط بينهما.
ولذلك، تتمحور هذه الورقة، حول إلقاء الضوء على الاحكام القانونية لاستنباط "الأصناف النباتية الجديدة" في الاتفاقية الدولية لحماية الأصناف (الأنواع) الجديدة من النباتات لعام 1961 (اليوبوف: UPOV) International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties Plants، واتفاق جوانب الحقوق الفكرية المتصلة بالتجارة لعام 1994 (تربس: TRIPS) Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights.
مسؤولية الدولة عن بطء التقاضي في القضاء الإداري
Authors: حسن سامح 
Published: May 2023

يعدّ الحق في سرعة الفصل في الدعاوى حقاً دستورياً عالمياً، لكن رغم ذلك ظل القضاء الإداري الفرنسي يرفض لمدة طويلة مسؤولية الدولة عن التأخر في الفصل في الدعوى خاصة إذا كان الضرر الناتج يسيراً.
إلا أن ضغط المحكمة الأوروبية لحقوق الإنسان قد جعل المجلس يعدل عن قضائه ويسير على نفس قواعد المحكمة الأوروبية في تحديد معيار المدة المعقولة. وذلك بعد أن قررت المحكمة سالفة الذكر أن التزام الدول الأعضاء نحو تحقيق العدالة الناجزة هو التزام بتحقيق نتيجة، وليس التزام ببذل عناية مما يستوجب على الدول الأعضاء بذل كل الجهد في سبيل تقرير هذا الحق لمواطني الدول الأعضاء.
وقد طور مجلس الدولة من قضائه مستلهماً قواعد المحكمة الأوروبية كما طورت فرنسا من قوانينها لتنفيذ هذا الالتزام لتقرر لمجلس الدولة اختصاصاً حصرياً بالتعويض عن مسؤولية الدولة عن تأخر القضاء في الفصل في الدعاوى على إجمالي مدة التقاضي و عن كل مرحلة من مراحل الدعوى على حدة. كما أظهر المجلس تسامحاً ملحوظاً في تقدير التعويض عن التأخير في الفصل في الدعوى لمدة معقولة لدرجة جعلته يقضي بمسؤولية القاضي المدنية عن التأخير.
أما في مصر فنتيجة عدم مسؤولية الدولة عن أعمال السلطة القضائية فمن الصعب القول بإمكان تطبيق مسؤولية الدولة عن عدم تطبيق العدالة الناجزة رغم وجود الأساس الدستوري لها.
Gender-specific differences in comorbidities, in-hospital complications and outcomes in emergency patients with ethanol intoxication with and without multisubstance use
Authors: Schwegler Eric , Bachmann Marta , Kube Frank , Eriksson Urs 
Published: May 2023

AIMS OF THE STUDY: To analyse gender-specific differences in comorbidities, multisubstance abuse, in-hospital complications, intensive care unit transfers and referrals to psychiatric wards of emergency department patients with ethanol intoxication. Several lines of evidence suggest an influence of gender differences on diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to various diseases.
METHODS: Over a period of 7 years, all patients with signs or symptoms of ethanol intoxication and a positive blood ethanol test admitted for the first time to the emergency department of a Swiss regional tertiary referral hospital were prospectively enrolled. Patients were categorised into two subgroups: patients without additional drug use were considered ethanol-only cases, whereas patients who had also ingested other substances (as determined from bystanders, physicians and urine drug screening) were considered multisubstance cases. A retrospective analysis of this database evaluated gender-specific differences in comorbidities, multisubstance abuse, in-hospital complications, intensive care unit transfers and referrals to psychiatric wards within these two subgroups. Statistical analysis included Fisher’s exact test for categorical data and Wilcoxon rank sum test for continuous data.
RESULTS: Of 409 enrolled patients, 236 cases were ethanol-only and 173 were multisubstance cases. The three most common comorbidities in multisubstance patients showed significant gender differences: psychiatric disorders (43% males vs 61% females; p = 0.022), chronic ethanol abuse (55% males vs 32% females; p = 0.002) and drug addiction (44% males vs 17% females; p = 0.001). Gender differences were also found for the most frequently co-ingested substances: benzodiazepines (35% males vs 43% females; p = 0.014), cannabis (45% males vs 24% females; p = 0.006) and cocaine (24% males vs 6% females; p = 0.001).
Male and female ethanol-only patients were transferred to the intensive care unit in 8% of cases. In multisubstance cases, 32% of male and 43% of female patients were transferred to the intensive care unit (no significant gender difference). The psychiatric ward referral rate in male (30%) and female (48%) patients with multisubstance abuse was significantly different (p = 0.028). No significant gender difference in psychiatric ward referral rates was observed for ethanol-only patients (12% males, 17% females).
CONCLUSION: Among emergency department patients admitted with ethanol intoxication, gender differences in comorbidities, substance use and psychiatric ward referrals were highly significant among patients who presented with multisubstance abuse. Rates of intensive care unit transfer for patients with ethanol intoxication are substantial for both genders, reflecting relevant disease burden and resource demand, as well as the need for further preventive efforts.
ANALISIS STAKEHOLDERUNTUK DESAIN PROGRAM PENGEMBANGAN SDM RESPONSIF GENDER BIDANG ESDM
Authors: Rohmatulloh  , Kusumastuti Retno , Shiddiq Julian Ambassador 
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian pustaka ini adalah membahas konsep analisis stakeholderdan penerapannya untuk desain model program pengembangan SDM responsif gender di Badan Diklat ESDM. Penggunaan analisis stakeholderdalam desain program dalam rangka memberikan informasi pemetaan kepentingan dan pengaruh, serta strategi partisipasinya. Dengan berpartisipasinya stakeholer secara optimal dalam desain program, diharapkan program yang dibuat mendapatkan banyak dukungan dalam implementasinya. Dalam konteks penerapan analisis stakeholderuntuk desain program pengembangan SDM responsif gender, diperoleh gambaran bahwa stakeholderyang berhasil diidentifikasi sebanyak dua puluh stakeholder internal dan eksternal. Stakeholder tersebut dianalisis menggunakan matriks kepentingan dan pengaruh dalam empat kuadran, yaitu players, subjects, crowds, dan context setters. Strategi partisipasi yang digunakan disesuaikan dengan posisi masing-masing stakeholder, yaitu 1) kelompok playersdan context settersdengan strategi penyampaian infomasi dan konsultasi, 2) subjects dengan strategi pelibatan dan melakukan bersama, dan 3) crowds dengan strategi kolaborasi atau pemberdayaan. Informasi analisis ini dijadikan masukan bagi tim perencana program untuk membuat desain program sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan kepentingan semua pihak.
IDENTIFIKASI LOGAM BERAT DI LAHAN PASCA TAMBANG TIMAH DI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Kurnia Asep , Rohaendi Nendi 
Published: May 2023

Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung (Babel) merupakan salah satu daerah penghasil timah terbesar di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian mengidentifikasi status dan sebaran logam berat (Pb, Cd, Cr, Zn, Mn) tanah di daerah pasca tambang di Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung. Eksperimen ini dilaksanakan melalui 3 tahapan kegiatan, yaitu: (1) Pengambilan contoh tanah, air dan tanaman di lapang, (2) Analisis kandungan logam berat pada tanah, air dan tanaman serta karakteristik kimia tanah lainnya di laboratorium, dan (3) Penyusunan peta status dan sebaran logam berat pada tanah, air dan tanaman di Provinsi Kep. Bangka Belitung. Sebaran Logam berat Pb, Mn, Zn, dan Cr dalam tanah berdistribusi tidak normal, sedangkan logam Cd distribusi normal, dan sifat sebaran spasial logam Pb, Mn dan Zn tersebar mengelompok, sedangkan logam Cd dan Cr tersebar merata. Frekwensi terdeteksi logam Cd melampaui nilai MAC mencapai 96% tersebar di empat kabupaten). Terdapat korelasi positip sangat nyata (p<0,01) antara Pb dengan Mn dan Zn dalam tanah, dan korelasi negatip nyata (p<0,05) antara pH dengan Cr. Lahan-lahan pasca tambang timah di Pulau Bangka seluas 56.421 ha umumnya mempunyai kadar Pb tergolong sedang sampai rendah, Cd tergolong sedang, Cr sedang, Zn rendah dan Mn rendah sampai sedang. Logam berat Pb, Cd, Mn, Zn dan Cr tanah terdeteksi di semua lokasi (n = 31), dengan konsentrasi minimum berturut-turut adalah 1,08; 0,79; 5,53; 42,01 dan 0,65 mg/kg dan maksimum masing-masing adalah 76,05; 7,39; 560,66; 457,07; dan 2,80 mg/kg. Frekwensi terdeteksi logam Pb yang konsentrasinya melebihi konsentrasi maksimum yang diijinkan (MAC) ada 2 lokasi (8%), logam Cd 24 (96%), dan logam Zn 8 lokasi (32%).
Primary Multiple Hydatid Cysts of the Brain in an Adult
Authors: Hacıbektaşoğlu Aziz , Yınanç Mehmet Ali , Üçöz Taner , Yinal Ali , Kocabalkan Fikri 
Published: May 2023

Hydatid disease caused by Echinococcus Granulosus usually occurs in form of cystic lesions in the livar and the lung. Central nervous system involvement in hydatidosis occurs in 0,9 % to 2, 1 % of cases. Cerebral hydatidosis is a pediatric disease and 93 % of cerebral cysts are found in children under the age of 17 years. lnfestation usually occurs very early in the life and because of slow growth of the cysts it usually takas several years for symptoms to develop. Primary hydatid cysts of the brain are usually single. We couldn't coincide with the occurrence of a primary multiple hydatid cysts of the brain in an adult in the literature before.
Chromatographic Methods
Authors: Emekdaş Gürol , Güngör Sabri , Gün Hüseyin , Kocabeyoğlu Ömer 
Published: May 2023

Chromatography is a technique which is widely used in microbiology and also in the other medical branches and renews it self in a very short period of time. This article comprises the basic mechanisms of the chromatographic methods and treats of their principles. Chromatographic methods will give an opportunity to solve in some complicated problems with further studies and with new er techniques which will improve in the next future.
The Power of Probiotics to Combat Urinary Tract Infections: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Qasemi Ali , Lagzian Milad , Rahimi Fateh , Khosravani Majd Foad , Bayat Zeynab 
Published: May 2023

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections and can cause significant morbidity, particularly in women. Recurrent UTIs are a significant clinical problem, and current prophylactic measures, such as antibiotics, are associated with side effects and the risk of antimicrobial resistance. Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host, have emerged as a potential alternative to traditional treatments for recurrent UTIs.
Probiotics can act by modulating the host's immune system, competitively excluding uropathogens, and producing antibacterial substances, such as bacteriocins. Clinical evidence supports the use of probiotics as a safe and effective intervention for the prevention and treatment of recurrent UTIs. However, selecting appropriate probiotic strains for UTIs can be challenging, and the safety and efficacy of probiotics depend on the strain, dosage, and timing of administration.
The safety profile of probiotics is generally excellent, and side effects are usually mild and self-limiting. However, certain populations, such as immunocompromised and critically ill patients, may be at increased risk of adverse events, and caution should be exercised when considering probiotic use in these populations. Strategies for ensuring probiotic safety and efficacy include adherence to good manufacturing practices, rigorous testing for the presence of contaminants, and standardization of dosing and administration protocols.
Despite the potential of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of recurrent UTIs, several challenges and limitations remain. These include limited access to high-quality probiotic products, challenges in selecting appropriate strains, and lack of consensus regarding optimal dosing and duration of probiotic use. Future research should focus on identifying optimal probiotic strains and regimens for the prevention and treatment of UTIs, understanding the role of gut microbiota in urogenital health, and developing new probiotic technologies and delivery methods.