bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dioptric differences between clinically determined and metric‐optimised refractions for adults with Down syndrome
Authors: Plaumann Maureen D. , Marsack Jason D. , Benoit Julia S. , Manny Ruth E. , Anderson Heather A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeRefractions based on the optimisation of single‐value wavefront‐derived metrics may help determine appropriate corrections for individuals with Down syndrome where clinical techniques fall short. This study compared dioptric differences between refractions obtained using standard clinical techniques and two metric‐optimised methods: visual Strehl ratio (VSX) and pupil fraction tessellated (PFSt), and investigated characteristics that may contribute to the differences between refraction types.MethodsThirty adults with Down syndrome (age = 29 ± 10 years) participated. Three refractive corrections (VSX, PFSt and clinical) were determined and converted to vector notation (M, J0, J45) to calculate the dioptric difference between pairings of each type using a mixed model repeated measures approach. Linear correlations and multivariable regression were performed to examine the relationship between dioptric differences and the following participant characteristics: higher order root mean square (RMS) for a 4 mm pupil diameter, spherical equivalent refractive error and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (a measure of developmental ability).ResultsThe least squares mean estimates (standard error) of the dioptric differences for each pairing were as follows: VSX versus PFSt = 0.51 D (0.11); VSX versus clinical = 1.19 D (0.11) and PFSt versus clinical = 1.04 D (0.11). There was a statistically significant difference in the dioptric differences between the clinical refraction and each of the metric‐optimised refractions (p < 0.001). Increased dioptric differences in refraction were correlated with increased higher order RMS (R = 0.64,p < 0.001 [VSX vs. clinical] andR = 0.47,p < 0.001 [PFSt vs. clinical]) as well as increased myopic spherical equivalent refractive error (R = 0.37,p = 0.004 [VSX vs. clinical] andR = 0.51,p < 0.001 [PFSt vs. clinical]).ConclusionsThe observed differences in refraction demonstrate that a significant portion of the refractive uncertainty is related to increased higher order aberrations and myopic refractive error. Methodology surrounding clinical techniques and metric‐optimisation based on wavefront aberrometry may explain the difference in refractive endpoints.
Safety and efficacy of catheter ablation on patients with persistent atrial fibrillation by targeting repetitive activation patterns and focal impulses
Authors: de Potter Tom , Sarkozy Andrea , Duytschaever Mattias , Bulava Alan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe study is intended to evaluate the acute and long‐term effectiveness and peri‐procedural safety in ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (PsAF) using the CartoFinder algorithm guided ablation (CFGA) targeting on repetitive activation patterns (RAPs) and focal impulses (FIs) identified in dynamic maps.MethodsThis is a prospective, single‐arm, multicenter study. A 64‐pole multielectrode basket catheter was used for intracardiac global electrogram (EGM) mapping. The RAPs or FIs were repeatedly mapped and ablated for up to five iterations by the CartoFinder algorithm to achieve sinus rhythm (SR) or organized atrial tachycardia (AT), which were followed by PVI. All patients were followed up for 12 months after procedure.ResultsSixty‐four PsAF patients (age, 60.7 ± 9.1 years; male, 76.6%; median PsAF duration, 6.0 months) underwent CFGA on RAPs/FIs. Six patients (9.4%) reported primary adverse event (PAE) including groin hematoma (2), complete heart block (1), tamponade (1), pericarditis (1), and pseudoaneurysm (1). Repeated mapping and ablation on RAPs/FIs resulted in the cycle length (CL) increase from 191.0 ± 167.6 ms at baseline to 365.7 ± 296.7 ms in the LA and from 167.8 ± 41.6 ms to 379.4 ± 293.5 ms in the RA and 30.2% (19/63) AF termination to SR or organized AT. The 12‐month arrhythmia‐free and symptomatic AF‐free rates were 60.9% and 75.0%, respectively. Patients with acute AF termination showed a higher 12‐month arrhythmia‐free rate (76.9%) than those without (50.0%, p = .04).ConclusionsThe study demonstrated that the CartoFinder algorithm can be used for global activation mapping during PsAF ablation. Patients with acute AF termination had a lower 12‐month AF recurrence rate compared to patients without.
TriGuard Embolic Protection Device in percutaneous cardiac interventions with intracavitary cardiac thrombosis: A case series
Authors: Marcon Lorenzo , Sicuso Rita , Galli Stefano , Majocchi Benedetta , Carbucicchio Corrado , Tondo Claudio , Fassini Gaetano Michele 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEmbolic cerebral protection devices are not routinely used in clinical practice during electrophysiological interventions. We report a case series of patients with intracardiac thrombosis undergoing a percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure and a ventricular tachycardia (VT) catheter ablation supported by TriGuard 3 Cerebral Embolic Protection Device.
Expressing 2.0
Authors: Glazer Trip 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWilliam P. Alston argues in “Expressing” (1965) that there is no important difference between expressing a feeling in language and asserting that one has that feeling. My aims in this paper are (1) to show that Alston's arguments ought to have led him to a different conclusion—that “asserting” and “expressing” individuate speech acts at different levels of analysis (the illocutionary and the locutionary, respectively)—and (2) to argue that this conclusion can solve a problem facing contemporary analyses of expressing: the “no show tell” problem, or the problem of accounting for utterances that report feelings truly without expressing them. Alston's paper made an important contribution 50 years ago, and a reimagining of it can make another important contribution today.
Practicing ubuntu
Authors: Samuel Olusegun Steven 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses one particular way we may put the idea of sharing in ubuntu philosophy into practice: moderate selflessness. Moderate selflessness is an important tool that might help us pursue other‐regarding behaviour alongside the agent's genuine well‐being interests to help disrupt the antagonistic gap between humanity and nonhumanity. I suggest that, properly understood, moderate selflessness may provide conceptual resources to avoid antagonistic environmental practices, including the concerns of poverty and biodiversity loss.
Neural signatures of memory gain through active exploration in an oculomotor‐auditory learning task
Authors: Sturm Stefanie , Costa‐Faidella Jordi , SanMiguel Iria 
Published: May 2023

AbstractActive engagement improves learning and memory, and self‐ versus externally generated stimuli are processed differently: perceptual intensity and neural responses are attenuated. Whether the attenuation is linked to memory formation remains unclear. This study investigates whether active oculomotor control over auditory stimuli—controlling for movement and stimulus predictability—benefits associative learning, and studies the underlying neural mechanisms. Using EEG and eye tracking we explored the impact of control during learning on the processing and memory recall of arbitrary oculomotor‐auditory associations. Participants (N = 23) learned associations through active exploration or passive observation, using a gaze‐controlled interface to generate sounds. Our results show faster learning progress in the active condition. ERPs time‐locked to the onset of sound stimuli showed that learning progress was linked to an attenuation of the P3a component. The detection of matching movement‐sound pairs triggered a target‐matching P3b. There was no general modulation of ERPs through active learning. However, we found continuous variation in the strength of the memory benefit across participants: some benefited more strongly from active control during learning than others. This was paralleled in the strength of the N1 attenuation effect for self‐generated stimuli, which was correlated with memory gain in active learning. Our results show that control helps learning and memory and modulates sensory responses. Individual differences during sensory processing predict the strength of the memory benefit. Taken together, these results help to disentangle the effects of agency, unspecific motor‐based neuromodulation, and predictability on ERP components and establish a link between self‐generation effects and active learning memory gain.
Computing in the nick of time
Authors: Ritchie J. Brendan , Klein Colin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe medium‐independence of computational descriptions has shaped common conceptions of computational explanation. So long as our goal is to explain how a system successfully carries out its computations, then we only need to describe the abstract series of operations that achieve the desired input–output mapping, however they may be implemented. It is argued that this abstract conception of computational explanation cannot be applied to so‐called real‐time computing systems, in which meeting temporal deadlines imposed by the systems with which a device interfaces are constitutive of the computing tasks that a device performs. Instead, real‐time computing reveals the need for alternative conceptions of computational explanation, as well as computational implementation, that eschew medium‐independence.
Rome, Catholicism, and the nation‐state in America: Re‐centering a debate?
Authors: De Stradis Susanna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe relationship between Catholicism and the nation‐state in America has been fraught with tension on multiple levels. This review will distinguish two main analytical perspectives. One focuses on the problem of ethnicity and race formation. The Catholic Church in America has historically been both ethnically fragmented and functioning as a whole non‐WASP “other.” Therefore, its relationship with the nation‐state can be described in terms of inclusion in/exclusion from the dominant group and as largely dependent on how the ethnic and racial (self‐)definition of both Church and country changed over time. A second perspective highlights the ideological friction between the Catholic and the American intellectual and political traditions. The question of Catholic belonging to the American nation‐state could be (and was) framed in terms of intellectual assent and political loyalty to a core set of propositions and values ultimately enshrined in the US Constitution. While the two strands of tension were often conflated in the same inclusionary/exclusionary historical episodes and dynamics, they remain distinguishable both analytically and historiographically. After reviewing scholarship from both perspectives, as well as the most recent developments in each, I will suggest that greater appreciation for the Catholic Church as a global institution (and for the potential of its rich archival records in Rome) may be a most promising, if somewhat counterintuitive, strategy to shed new light on the interplay of Catholicism and the nation‐state in America.
Temporary migrants and gender housework division among left‐behind household members
Authors: Vu Tien Manh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe examine whether Vietnamese migrant workers induce a shift in gender roles in housework division among the household members left behind. Using two waves of the Vietnamese Household Living Standard Survey (2006–2008), we apply the first‐difference method and estimate a simple household fixed effects model with instrumental variables for robustness checking. We find that temporary female migrants are associated with a higher probability of undertaking housework by male members left behind and there is a reduction in the gender gap in terms of time spent on chores. However, we find little evidence for a similar reduction in the gender gap when the household size is altered for other reasons.
The Built Environment and Social and Emotional Support among Rural Older Adults: The Case for Social Infrastructure and Attention to Ethnoracial Differences☆
Authors: Rhubart Danielle , Kowalkowski Jennifer , Wincott Logan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocial and emotional support (SaES) is essential for older adult mental health and is shaped by individual‐level factors and the built environment. However, much of the focus on the built environment, and specifically social infrastructure—the physical places that facilitate social interaction and social tie formation—relies heavily on urban settings or samples with limited diversity. Consequently, there is little understanding if social infrastructure matters for the SaES of older adults in rural America, and across race and ethnicity. Therefore, we use social cohesion as a conceptual lens and the community gerontology framework to determine whether availability of social infrastructure is associated with SaES among older adults in rural America and whether this relationship varies across race and ethnicity. Using data from 110,850 rural older adults from the Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance System and data from the National Neighborhood Data Archive, we show that among rural ethnoracial minority older adults, higher densities of social infrastructure are associated with higher SaES. This is not true for rural non‐Hispanic White older adults. Results highlight the importance of accounting for both social infrastructure as part of the built environment and heterogeneity across race and ethnicity in studies that examine older adult mental and emotional health.
Haters and egoists: Quality of will and degrees of moral responsibility
Authors: Montminy Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractI argue that a capacity‐based account of blameworthiness and praiseworthiness is superior to an account based on quality of will. I focus on four types of cases about which the two accounts disagree and show that the capacity‐based view offers a better treatment. As part of my argument, I motivate the distinction between an assessment of a person's moral character, as reflected by her action, and an assessment of her blameworthiness or praiseworthiness for that action.
Seismic evidence for ductile necking of the mid‐lower crust beneath the Columbrets Basin (Western Mediterranean)
Authors: Ramos Adrià , Pedrera Antonio , García‐Senz Jesús , López‐Mir Berta , Salas Ramon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Columbrets Basin is the largest Mesozoic rift basin of the Valencia Trough in the Western Mediterranean. The analysis of a seismic‐reflection survey makes it possible to reconstruct the tectonic fabric underlying the sedimentary basin, including the structure of the top of the lower crust and the Moho. It is proposed that the ductile deformation of the mid‐lower crust was the main mechanism controlling the basin geometry, with the radial flow of mid‐lower crust coeval with the reactivation of two large‐offset SW‐dipping normal faults, inherited from the precursor Permian–Triassic rifting. Mid‐lower crustal necking occurred below the major depocenters, immediately before hyperextension. Our results provide new insight into the formation of circular‐shaped basins and the evolution of depth‐dependent extensional processes during rifting.
Efficient building facade structure extraction method using image‐based laser point cloud
Authors: Wang Yongzhi , Hu Xiaoyu , Zhou Tao , Ma Yuqing , Li Zhenchao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFacade structures from three‐dimensional (3D) point cloud data (PCD) and two‐dimensional (2D) optical images can provide significant information for 3D building modeling. However, a unified data model for integrating 2D imagery pixels and 3D PCD is absent in current methods, leading to a complex implementation process, large calculations, and inefficiency. An efficient facade structure extraction method for building facades is proposed in this study. Based on the conversion matrix, 2D image and 3D PCD information are merged to build an image‐based laser point cloud (ILPC) data model first. Second, both the line segment detection and random sample consensus algorithms are improved according to the structure and characteristics of the ILPC data model. Finally, building facade structures are extracted and optimized. Facade structures can be extracted accurately and efficiently by the proposed method, which contains rich information support from the ILPC data model. The proposed method extracts fine building facade structures with accuracy over 0.68 in all experiments and recall up to 0.81, which are better than the Wang method. Extracted structures constitute valuable support for numerous fields, such as 3D building modeling and building information modeling construction.
The myth of true lies
Authors: Kallestrup Jesper 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSuppose you assert a proposition p that you falsely believe to be false with the intention to deceive your audience. The standard view has it that you lied. This paper argues against orthodoxy: deceptive lying requires that p be in actual fact false, in addition to your intention to deceive by means of untruthfully asserting that p. We proceed as follows. First, an argument is developed for such falsity condition as the non‐psychological component of lying. The problem with the standard view, we profess, is exactly that lying is a purely psychological relation between disbelief, assertion, and intention. Then, by scrutinising familiar cases, we revisit the alleged intuitive support for the existence of true lies. It turns out these intuitions can be explained away once we reflect on the characteristic deceptive hallmarks that are associated with the distinction between lying and botched attempts at lying. Finally, we examine the morality of lying in the light of said falsity condition. The resultant view emphasises our moral sensitivity to the practical consequences of acts of lying, while still accommodating those moral considerations that pertain exclusively to the psychological components of lying.
Trend in seroprevalence of HTLV‐1/2 in Taiwanese blood donors—A 10‐year follow‐up
Authors: Lee Yu‐Han , Lu Chi‐Te , Feng I‐Jung , Hung Chi‐Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study evaluated the Human T‐lymphotropic virus (HTLV) screening policy impact on the HTLV seroprevalence from 2009 to 2018 as well as the differences between administrative districts in terms of prevalence distribution in Taiwan.BackgroundSince February 1996, the Taiwan Blood Services Foundation (TBSF) had conducted HTLV screening of blood donors. The HTLV seroprevalence was 0.032% in 1999.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included donors' data collected from blood donation centres across Taiwan from 2009 to 2018. Enzyme immunoassay and Western blot assay were used for screening and confirmation of HTLV infections. In this study, the researchers calculated the trends in the HTLV rates of first‐time and repeat donors across time as well as the HTLV prevalence distribution across the 22 administrative districts of Taiwan.ResultsAmongst 17 977 429 employed blood donations, 739 HTLV‐seropositive donations (4.11 per 100 000 donations) were identified. The HTLV‐positive donors were aged between 17 and 64 years, with a median age of 49 years. The overall seropositivity rates of first‐time and repeat donors were 34.36/100 000 and 1.27/100 000. HTLV seroprevalence in first‐time blood donors significantly decreased by 57% (crude odds ratio [95% confidence interval] (crude OR [95% CI]) = 0.43 [0.28–0.64]) within 10 years. A slight decline was also identified in repeat donors (crude OR [95% CI] = 0.73 [0.4–1.32]). Donors from different districts showed significantly varied prevalence. Most districts with high prevalence are situated in eastern Taiwan, for both donation types. Older blood donors were more likely to be infected with HTLV than younger ones in first time and repeat donors. Middle age donors (50–65 years) had an 18.47–39.65 greater risk than those aged <20 years. Significant higher risk of female was observed in both donation types. Amongst different age groups, first‐time female donors increase 1.31–1.88 times infection risk and female in repeat donor group had 1.55–3.43 times greater risk.ConclusionOver years of implementation of the HTLV blood donor screening policy by the TBSF, the HTLV seroprevalence of first‐time donors has decreased consistently. Moreover, the HTLV seroprevalence of repeat donors has dropped considerably. This implies that the screening policy provides continued benefit. Females and older blood donors were more likely infected with HTLV than males and younger blood donors. The influence of age on infection was greater amongst first‐time donors than amongst repeat donors. Therefore, appropriate measures should be taken to ensure public safety.
Large‐scale asymptotics of velocity‐jump processes and nonlocal Hamilton–Jacobi equations
Authors: Bouin Emeric , Calvez Vincent , Grenier Emmanuel , Nadin Grégoire 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe investigate a simple velocity jump process in the regime of large deviation asymptotics. New velocities are taken randomly at a constant, large, rate from a Gaussian distribution with vanishing variance. The Kolmogorov forward equation associated with this process is the linear BGK kinetic transport equation. We derive a new type of Hamilton–Jacobi equation which is nonlocal with respect to the velocity variable. We introduce a suitable notion of viscosity solution, and we prove well‐posedness in the viscosity sense. We also prove convergence of the logarithmic transformation toward this limit problem. Furthermore, we identify the variational formulation of the solution by means of an action functional supported on piecewise linear curves. As an application of this theory, we compute the exact rate of acceleration in a kinetic version of the celebrated F–KPP equation in the one‐dimensional case.
Genome‐wide association studies: utility and limitations for research in physiology
Authors: Pereira Ciochetti Nicolas , Lugli‐Moraes Beatriz , Santos da Silva Bruna , Rovaris Diego Luiz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhysiological systems are subject to interindividual variation encoded by genetics. Genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) operate by surveying thousands of genetic variants from a substantial number of individuals and assessing their association to a trait of interest, be it a physiological variable, a molecular phenotype (e.g. gene expression), or even a disease or condition. Through a myriad of methods, GWAS downstream analyses then explore the functional consequences of each variant and attempt to ascertain a causal relationship to the phenotype of interest, as well as to delve into its links to other traits. This type of investigation allows mechanistic insights into physiological functions, pathological disturbances and shared biological processes between traits (i.e. pleiotropy). An exciting example is the discovery of a new thyroid hormone transporter (SLC17A4) and hormone metabolising enzyme (AADAT) from a GWAS on free thyroxine levels. Therefore, GWAS have substantially contributed with insights into physiology and have been shown to be useful in unveiling the genetic control underlying complex traits and pathological conditions; they will continue to do so with global collaborations and advances in genotyping technology. Finally, the increasing number of trans‐ancestry GWAS and initiatives to include ancestry diversity in genomics will boost the power for discoveries, making them also applicable to non‐European populations.
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