bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Operative Lymphologie. Therapieoption bei Lymphödem und Lipohyperplasia dolorosa
Authors: Cornely Manuel E. 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie typische Therapie in der Lymphologie ist konservativ. Es gibt jedoch seit einigen Jahrzehnten sowohl rekonstruktive und resektive Behandlungen primärer und sekundärer Lymphödeme als auch resezierende Verfahren bei Lipohyperplasia‐dolorosa‐(LiDo) “Lipödem”. Jedes dieser Verfahren hat seine eindeutige Indikation und eine jahrzehntelange, erfolgreiche Historie. Diese Therapien stellen einen Paradigmenwechsel in der Lymphologie dar. Bei der Rekonstruktion ist der Grundgedanke die Wiederherstellung des Lymphflusses beziehungsweise die Umgehung des Abstromhindernisses im Gefäßsystem. Die Kombinationsverfahren der zweizeitigen Anwendung von Resektion und Rekonstruktion beim Lymphödem sind ebenso work in progress wie das Konzept der prophylaktischen lymphovenösen Anastomose (LVA).Bei den resektiven Verfahren steht nicht nur die Verbesserung der Silhouette, sondern auch die Reduktion der komplexen physikalischen Entstauungstherapie (KPE) und – bei LiDo – der Schmerzfreiheit im Fokus. Durch Verbesserung der bildgebenden Verfahren und den frühzeitigen Einsatz der operativen Therapieoptionen sollte die Ausbildung höherer Stadien von Lymphödemen der Vergangenheit angehören. Für die LiDo gilt, dass durch operative Verfahren lebenslange KPE vermieden und Schmerzlosigkeit erreicht werden kann. Alle operativen, besonders aber die resezierenden Verfahren, sind heute lymphgefäßschonend möglich und sollten Patientinnen mit Lymphödem oder Lipohyperplasia dolorosa vorbehaltlos angeboten werden, wenn die Ziele – Umfangsreduktion, Verzicht auf lebenslange KPE und – bei LiDo – Schmerzlosigkeit – auf anderem Wege nicht zu erreichen sind.
Das Potenzial der Telemedizin für die dermatologische Versorgung pädiatrischer Patienten in Deutschland
Authors: Hansen Inga , Abeck Dietrich , Kött Julian , Schneider Stefan W. , Abeck Finn 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundHauterkrankungen sind in der Kinderarztpraxis ein häufiger Vorstellungsgrund. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Charakterisierung der dermatologischen Anfragen niedergelassener Fachärzte für Kinder‐ und Jugendmedizin, die im Rahmen eines deutschlandweit verfügbaren telemedizinischen Konsiliarsystems erfolgten.MethodikEs erfolgte eine Auswertung von Konsilanfragen, die über das telemedizinische Konsiliarsystem PädExpert mittels Store‐and‐Forward‐Technologie zwischen Februar 2021 und Dezember 2021 durch Pädiater an einen ausgewiesenen Kinderdermatologen gestellt wurden.ErgebnisseIn die Auswertung gingen 504 telemedizinische Konsilanfragen ein. Das Alter der Patienten betrug im Mittel 6,5 ± 5,0 Jahre, 45,5% der Patienten waren weiblich. In 88,3% konnte eine Diagnose mittels Telemedizin gestellt werden. Die gestellten Diagnosen ließen sich am häufigsten der Gruppe der infektiösen Hautkrankheiten zuordnen (28,8%). In 11,5% der Fälle wurde eine Überweisung an einen Dermatologen empfohlen. In 63,8% der Fälle erfolgte die Beantwortung der Anfrage am selben Tag.SchlussfolgerungenUnsere Studie zeigt das große Potenzial der Teledermatologie, den Zugang zur spezialisierten dermatologischen Versorgung für Kinder mit Hauterkrankungen zu verbessern. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist die Funktion als Triage‐Instrument. Die meisten vorgestellten Fälle konnten durch Teledermatologie gelöst werden, so dass persönliche Vorstellungen beim Dermatologen reduziert und Ressourcen eingespart werden können.
Safety and tolerability of esketamine in propofol based sedation for endoscopic variceal ligation with or without injection sclerotherapy: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chen Yuanjing , Chen Jie , Wang Quankai , Lyu Hongyao , Chen Xuehan , Liu Rui , Wang Ting , Dan Ling , Huang He , Duan Guangyou 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesEsketamine is an S (+) enantiomer of ketamine with greater potency and similar psychomimetic effects compared to racemic ketamine. We aimed to explore the safety of esketamine in different doses as an adjuvant to propofol in patients undergoing endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) with or without injection sclerotherapy.MethodsOne hundred patients were randomized to receive sedation with propofol 1.5 mg/kg in combination with sufentanil 0.1 μg/kg (group S), esketamine 0.2 mg/kg (group E0.2), esketamine 0.3 mg/kg (group E0.3), or esketamine 0.4 mg/kg (group E0.4) for EVL (n = 25 each). Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were recorded during the procedure. The primary outcome was the incidence of hypotension; secondary outcomes included the incidence of desaturation, positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) after the procedure, pain score after the procedure, and secretion volume.ResultsThe incidence of hypotension was significantly lower in groups E0.2 (36%), E0.3 (20%), and E0.4 (24%) than in group S (72%). The incidence of SpO2 ≤94% was significantly lower in group E0.4 (4%) than in group S (32%). No significant intergroup difference was found in the PANSS assessment.ConclusionsCombining 0.4 mg/kg esketamine with propofol sedation was optimal to facilitate EVL with stable hemodynamic status and better respiratory function during the procedure, without significant psychomimetic side‐effects.Trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry (Trial ID: ChiCTR2100047033, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=127518).
Prevalence and incidence of chronic conditions among adults with cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ryan Jennifer M. , Albairami Fatemah , Hamilton Thomas , Cope Nigel , Amirmudin Noor Amirah , Manikandan Manjula , Kilbride Cherry , Stevenson Valerie L. , Livingstone Emma , Fortune Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the prevalence and incidence of chronic conditions among adults with cerebral palsy (CP) and compare them to the prevalence and incidence among adults without CP.MethodWe searched MEDLINE and Embase for studies reporting the prevalence or incidence of one or more chronic conditions among adults with CP. Two independent reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full‐text articles. Two independent reviewers extracted data relating to prevalence and incidence and appraised study quality. We performed random‐effects meta‐analyses to pool prevalence and incidence.ResultsWe identified 69 studies; 65 reported the prevalence of 53 conditions and 13 reported the incidence of 21 conditions. At least 20% of adults had the following conditions: depression (21%); anxiety (21%); mood affective disorders (23%); asthma (24%); hypertension (26%); epilepsy (28%); urinary incontinence (32%); malnutrition (38%); and scoliosis (46%). Adults with CP were more likely to have type 2 diabetes, anxiety, bipolar disorder, depression, schizophrenia, hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, cerebrovascular disease, asthma, liver disease, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, underweight, and chronic kidney disease than adults without CP.InterpretationThese data from 18 countries, which provide an international perspective, may be used to promote awareness, identify targets for intervention, and inform the development of appropriate supports for adults with CP.
Feature and mechanism analysis of dispersive soil disintegration impacted by soil water content, density, and salinity
Authors: Han Yan , Wang Qing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDispersive soil has caused innumerable water‐induced erosion failures of earthen structures in arid regions up to now, among which disintegration, as the first response process, is commonly deemed as the primary inducement but with inadequate understanding. In this study, the disintegration characteristics of a compacted dispersive lean clay with sand were investigated by carrying out laboratory disintegration tests under a water immersion regime. Soil mass water content (ω), dry density (ρd) and total soluble salt content (η) were considered. Results suggest that for dispersive soil, (1) the disintegration process exhibited two distinct modes, which was divided by the ω near the optimum water content; (2) higher ρd delayed disintegration monotonously; (3) increasing η first weakened and then enhanced the disintegration, in which pattern the η at the inflection point increased with increasing ρd, showing a density dependence. Evolutions of representative soil morphology were illustrated. More importantly, the underlying influential mechanism of ω and η to disintegration were elaborated emphatically: (1) the initial clay dispersion level, soil consistency change, and conceptual “constraint force” exerted by soil matric suction jointly determine the disintegration modes; (2) increasing η makes the soil pore solution concentration higher and microstructure simpler, competition between the two leads to nonmonotonic change patterns of disintegration completion time (Td) and defined velocity (Vd); the interactive effect of ρd and η manifests that η produces an additional influence on the base of microstructure created by ρd. Finally, the grey relation entropy analysis was introduced to evaluate the contributions of the three test variables to Td and Vd. The obtained results and proposed perspectives are expected to be conducive to a deeper comprehension of the same or relevant behaviours of dispersive soils in the presence of water, so as to provide new insights for the targeted prevention and control of dispersive soil catastrophes.Highlights
Disintegration of dispersive soil shows two distinct water content‐dependent modes.
Soil salinity has a two phase impact on disintegration of dispersive soil.
Dry density and soil salinity interact affecting disintegration.
Relationship between soil dispersion and disintegration is elaborated.
Critical role of the ventral temporal lobe in naming
Authors: Snyder Kathryn M. , Forseth Kiefer J. , Donos Cristian , Rollo Patrick S. , Fischer‐Baum Simon , Breier Joshua , Tandon Nitin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveLexical retrieval deficits are characteristic of a variety of different neurological disorders. However, the exact substrates responsible for this are not known. We studied a large cohort of patients undergoing surgery in the dominant temporal lobe for medically intractable epilepsy (n = 95) to localize brain regions that were associated with anomia.MethodsWe performed a multivariate voxel‐based lesion–symptom mapping analysis to correlate surgical lesions within the temporal lobe with changes in naming ability. Additionally, we used a surface‐based mixed‐effects multilevel analysis to estimate group‐level broadband gamma activity during naming across a subset of patients with electrocorticographic recordings and integrated these results with lesion–deficit findings.ResultsWe observed that ventral temporal regions, centered around the middle fusiform gyrus, were significantly associated with a decline in naming. Furthermore, we found that the ventral aspect of temporal lobectomies was linearly correlated to a decline in naming, with a clinically significant decline occurring once the resection extended 6 cm from the anterior tip of the temporal lobe on the ventral surface. On electrocorticography, the majority of these cortical regions were functionally active following visual processing. These loci coincide with the sites of susceptibility artifacts during echoplanar imaging, which may explain why this region has been previously underappreciated as the locus responsible for postoperative naming deficits.SignificanceTaken together, these data highlight the crucial contribution of the ventral temporal cortex in naming and its important role in the pathophysiology of anomia following temporal lobe resections. As such, surgical strategies should attempt to preserve this region to mitigate postoperative language deficits.
Equine cutaneous gasterophilosis in an era of selective parasite control
Authors: Carbonell Juan David , Bartolomé Isabel Martínez , Meana Aránzazu 
Published: February 2023

SummaryFor the first time this century, we report tract migration dermatitis provoked by Gasterophilus sp. larvae in horses at a farm in Spain where a selective parasite control programme has been employed for more than a decade. At this equine farm, two horses over 25 years old presented alopecic lesions in the form of streaks in the masseteric and maxillary region of the face. The clinical and histological features of these animals are described, with dermatological examination revealing the presence of nonoperculated eggs of Gasterophilus sp. when the lesions appeared. The morphology of the eggs corresponded to G. inermis and skin biopsy identified an eosinophilic superficial perivascular dermatitis. The horses were treated once with oral ivermectin, achieving complete resolution of the lesions.
Mastocytosis in children: a single‐center long‐term follow‐up study
Authors: Popadic Svetlana , Lalosevic Jovan , Lekic Branislav , Gajić‐Veljic Mirjana , Bonaci‐Nikolic Branka , Nikolic Milos 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundMastocytosis is a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterized by the accumulation of clonal mast cells in organs such as the skin and bone marrow. The diagnosis of cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) is based on clinical findings, positive Darier's sign, and histopathology, if necessary.MethodsMedical records of 86 children with CM diagnosed during a 35‐year long period were reviewed. Most patients (93%) developed CM during the first year of life (median age 3 months). Clinical features at presentation and during the follow‐up period were analyzed. Baseline serum tryptase level was measured in 28 patients.ResultsA total of 85% of patients had maculopapular cutaneous mastocytosis/urticaria pigmentosa (MPCM/UP), 9% had mastocytoma, and 6% had diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis (DCM). Boy to girl ratio was 1.1:1. Fifty‐four of 86 patients (63%) were followed from 2 to 37 years (median 13 years). Complete resolution was registered in 14% of mastocytoma cases, 14% of MCPM/UP, and in 25% of DCM patients. After the age of 18, skin lesion persisted in 14% mastocytoma, 7% MCPM/UP, and 25% children with DCM. Atopic dermatitis was diagnosed in 9.6% of patients with MPCM/UP. Three of 28 patients had elevated serum tryptase. Prognosis in all patients was good, and there were no signs of progression to systemic mastocytosis (SM).ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, our results represent the longest single‐center follow‐up study of childhood‐onset CM. We found no complications of massive mast cell degranulation or progression to SM.
Amplifying the gender gap in academia: “Caregiving” at work during the pandemic
Authors: Manchester Colleen Flaherty , Leroy Sophie , Dahm Patricia C. , Glomb Theresa M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe examine the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on faculty using survey data. First, we uncover heterogeneity in the immediate effects on research productivity and burnout. Three groups emerged (Career Accelerated, Career Insulated, and Career Headwinds) with female faculty disproportionately represented in Career Headwinds, experiencing both high burnout and declines in research productivity. Second, we examine how greater caregiving demands at home and at work—in the form of institutional service—contribute to gender differences. We find female faculty reported greater increases in service demands, and these exerted greater drag on their careers through a larger crowd out of research time.
Environmental performance and employee welfare: Evidence from health benefit costs
Authors: Gu Yuqi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article studies whether corporate environmental performance affects its health benefit costs. I find a firm's environmental performance is negatively associated with its employee health benefit costs. Cross‐sectional tests also show the effect is stronger for companies with improving employee health or located in a region with higher population health risks. In addition, the correlation only exists for chemicals released onsite as opposed to offsite release, indicating the effect is driven by the pricing of health risks, rather than pure ethical reasons. These results suggest that insurance companies promote corporate policyholders' green behavior indirectly by rationally pricing corporate environmental efforts.
Habitat diversity, resource availability and island age in the species‐area relationship
Authors: Carey Mark , Boland John , Keppel Gunnar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe island species–area relationship (ISAR) assumes that the area of islands is homogeneous, or scales with environmental heterogeneity across an archipelago, which is not always the case. We compare the performance of models that adjust or substitute for island area with measures of habitat diversity, island age and resource availability for two taxonomic groups.LocationFive hotspot archipelagos (Azores, Galapagos, Hawaii, Cape Verde, Canary Islands).TaxaVascular plants, birds.MethodsWe used the mathematical framework of the power law to compare relevant models, treating the one containing only area as a null model against which others were compared. Data were collated from databases and the literature. Models were compared using linear regression within archipelagos and via mixed effect models with archipelago as a random effect.ResultsWeighting of island area by habitat diversity and resource availability systematically improved statistical significance and model fits versus the area only power law. Models including island age did not show the same systematic improvement in model fits. For vascular plants, weighting islands by resource availability (energy and water) performed better than weighting by habitat diversity, although for birds these weightings performed equally well.Main ConclusionsGiven that islands within archipelagos are fairly heterogeneous in climate, topography and geology, it is worth accounting for this in ISARs. Our results suggest that, for islands in volcanic hotspot archipelagos, this is best done by using direct measures of habitat diversity and resource availability rather than using island age as a proxy. We, therefore, recommend using direct measures, rather than proxies, when investigating the drivers of biodiversity patterns on islands.
Non‐surgical therapy of peri‐implant mucositis—Mechanical/physical approaches: A systematic review
Authors: Verket Anders , Koldsland Odd Carsten , Bunæs Dagmar , Lie Stein Atle , Romandini Mario 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo study in humans with peri‐implant mucositis the efficacy of (Q1) mechanical/physical instrumentation over oral hygiene instructions alone; (Q2) any single mode of mechanical/physical instrumentation over others; (Q3) combinations of mechanical/physical instrumentation over single modes; and (Q4) repetitions of mechanical/physical instrumentation over single administration.Materials and MethodsRandomized clinical trials (RCTs) fulfilling specific inclusion criteria established to answer the four PICOS questions were included. A single search strategy encompassing the four questions was applied to four electronic databases. Two review authors independently screened the titles and abstracts, carried out full‐text analysis, extracted the data from the published reports and performed the risk of bias assessment through the RoB2 tool of the Cochrane Collaboration. In case of disagreement, a third review author took the final decision. Treatment success (i.e., absence of bleeding on probing [BoP]), BoP extent and BoP severity were considered as the implant‐level outcomes of critical importance for the present review.ResultsA total of five papers reporting on five RCTs, involving 364 participants and 383 implants, were included. Overall, treatment success rates after mechanical/physical instrumentation ranged from 30.9% to 34.5% at 3 months and from 8.3% to 16.7% at 6 months. Reduction in BoP extent was 19.4%–28.6% at 3 months, 27.2%–30.5% at 6 months and 31.8%–35.1% at 12 months. Reduction in BoP severity was 0.3–0.5 at 3 months and 0.6–0.8 at 6 months. Q2 was addressed in two RCTs, which reported no differences between glycine powder air‐polishing and ultrasonic cleaning, as well as between chitosan rotating brush and titanium curettes. Q3 was addressed by three RCTs, which showed no added effect of glycine powder air‐polishing over the use of ultrasonic and of diode laser over ultrasonic/curettes. No RCTs were identified that answered Q1 and Q4.ConclusionsSeveral mechanical/physical instrumentation procedures including curettes, ultrasonics, lasers, rotating brushes and air‐polishing are documented; however, a beneficial effect over oral hygiene instructions alone or superiority over other procedures could not be demonstrated. Moreover, it remains unclear whether combinations of different procedures or their repetition over time may provide additional benefits.(CRD42022324382)
The adjunctive effect of a resorbable membrane to a xenogeneic bone replacement graft in the reconstructive surgical therapy of peri‐implantitis: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Regidor Erik , Ortiz‐Vigón Alberto , Romandini Mario , Dionigi Carlotta , Derks Jan , Sanz Mariano 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the potential adjunctive effect of a resorbable collagen membrane covering a xenogeneic bone replacement graft in the reconstructive surgical therapy of peri‐implantitis.Materials and MethodsForty‐three patients (43 implants) diagnosed with peri‐implantitis associated with intra‐bony defects were treated with a surgical reconstructive approach that included a xenogeneic bone substitute material. Additionally, resorbable collagen membranes were placed over the grafting material at sites randomly allocated to the test group; conversely, no membranes were placed in the control group. Clinical outcomes, namely probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding and suppuration on probing (BoP and SoP), marginal mucosal level (REC) and keratinized mucosa width (KMW), were recorded at baseline and 6 and 12 months after surgery. Radiographic marginal bone levels (MBLs) and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) were assessed at baseline and 12 months. A composite outcome (success) was evaluated at 12 months, which included the absence of BoP/SoP, PPD ≤5 mm and reduction of buccal marginal mucosal level (buccal REC) of ≤1 mm.ResultsAt 12 months, no implants were lost and treatment success was observed at 36.8% and 45.0% of implants in the test and control groups, respectively (p = .61). Similarly, there were no significant differences between groups in terms of changes of PPD, BoP/SoP, KMW, MBL or buccal REC. Post‐surgical complications were observed in the test group only (e.g., soft tissue dehiscence, exposure of particulate bone graft and/or resorbable membrane). Longer surgical times (~10 min; p < .05) and higher levels of self‐reported pain at 2 weeks (p < .01) were observed in the test group.ConclusionsThis study failed to demonstrate the presence of added clinical or radiographic benefits of the use of a resorbable membrane to cover a bone substitute material within the reconstructive surgical therapy of peri‐implantitis associated with intra‐bony defects.