bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prophylactic cable prevents tapered titanium stem subsidence with 2 cm of stem-cortical engagement in a cadaveric model
Authors: Xiang William , Tarity T. D. , Gkiatas Ioannis , Lee Haena-Young , Boettner Friedrich , Rodriguez Jose A. , Wright Timothy M. , Sculco Peter K. 
Published: July 2023

AimsWhen performing revision total hip arthroplasty using diaphyseal-engaging titanium tapered stems (TTS), the recommended 3 to 4 cm of stem-cortical diaphyseal contact may not be available. In challenging cases such as these with only 2 cm of contact, can sufficient axial stability be achieved and what is the benefit of a prophylactic cable? This study sought to determine, first, whether a prophylactic cable allows for sufficient axial stability when the contact length is 2 cm, and second, if differing TTS taper angles (2° vs 3.5°) impact these results.MethodsA biomechanical matched-pair cadaveric study was designed using six matched pairs of human fresh cadaveric femora prepared so that 2 cm of diaphyseal bone engaged with 2° (right femora) or 3.5° (left femora) TTS. Before impaction, three matched pairs received a single 100 lb-tensioned prophylactic beaded cable; the remaining three matched pairs received no cable adjuncts. Specimens underwent stepwise axial loading to 2600 N or until failure, defined as stem subsidence > 5 mm.ResultsAll specimens without cable adjuncts (6/6 femora) failed during axial testing, while all specimens with a prophylactic cable (6/6) successfully resisted axial load, regardless of taper angle. In total, four of the failed specimens experienced proximal longitudinal fractures, three of which occurred with the higher 3.5° TTS. One fracture occurred in a 3.5° TTS with a prophylactic cable yet passed axial testing, subsiding < 5 mm. Among specimens with a prophylactic cable, the 3.5° TTS resulted in lower mean subsidence (0.5 mm (SD 0.8)) compared with the 2° TTS (2.4 mm (SD 1.8)).ConclusionA single prophylactic beaded cable dramatically improved initial axial stability when stem-cortex contact length was 2 cm. All implants failed secondary to fracture or subsidence > 5 mm when a prophylactic cable was not used. A higher taper angle appears to decrease the magnitude of subsidence but increased the fracture risk. The fracture risk was mitigated by the use of a prophylactic cable.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(7):472–477.
Wireless Network Safety Status Prediction Based on Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Xue Xiao , Zheng Yangbing , Lu Chao 
Published: July 2023

In WN environment, network safety status means to state of information managing in various WN environments, WN transmission information safety status assessment is one of primary research directions in this territory. Existing network safety status awareness methods are difficult to adapt to real-time changes of network structure, and WN environment is complex and changeable, and they can only analyze the current network safety status, and it is difficult to predict and analyze overall tendency of WN safety status. In order to resist potential attacks, evaluate safety of network and detect attack means in network in a timely manner, this paper introduces fuzzy logic to propose a safety status prediction model for wireless sensor networks, which can help administrators to timely perceive and comprehensively grasp the real-time status of network and predict future advancement direction. In order to assess current network status, a safety status evaluation model for wireless network (WN) depended on fuzzy logic is presented. In cluster head node, neighborhood rough set is used for feature extraction to reduce energy consumption of redundant data on the node. Balance data by synthesizing a few over-sampling techniques, and then use random forest to detect attacks on the network to identify attack types. Combined with the status element acquisition mechanism, three status indicators, namely attack frequency, total number of attacks and threat factor, are extracted. According to the status indicators and status calculation method, the network safety status value is calculated, and current network safety status is evaluated by referring to network safety level divided by National Internet Emergency Response Center. Neighborhood rough set is applied to complete attribute reduction, which can effectively deal with underwater mixed data and obtain feature subsets with same classification capability as initial data. Safety status of WSN is predicted based on random forest. The risk degree of WN status is divided into fuzzy subsets, and the process of dynamic prediction of safety status is designed. Based on test values, highest input signal spectrum of the system is 30 mV, and the lowest input signal spectrum is -15 mV, which is consistent with the selected 120 groups of status data sequence diagram, the fluctuation amplitude of the input signal under 40~62 groups of samples is small, basically unchanged, consistent with the selected 120 groups of status data sequence diagram. Fuzzy logic model represented by star broken line has higher precision than decision tree and the limit learning machine in all five different attack types. mapped network safety status grade can also effectively express the actual network safety status. indicating that the prediction results of the system are accurate.
Factors Affecting Drug Use in the Household Environment During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Maulany Raditiya Firda , Annisaa' Eva , Dianingati Ragil Setia 
Published: July 2023

Background:Inappropriate use of drugs is a big problem all over the world. The COVID-19 pandemic causes people to be easily influenced by information circulating about drugs that are efficacious to ward off COVID-19 so that many people consume excess drugs to protect themselves from COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has also caused people to take health supplements to protect themselves from COVID-19.Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence drug use during the COVID pandemic.Methods:This research was an observational study with a cross sectional design. Sample was 115 respondents chosen by purposive sampling. Bivariate statistical test used was chi-square and multivariate test used was binary logistic regression. Results:Bivariate analysis result showed that age and distance from health care service did not significantly affect the drug use (p value > 0,05). Education, occupation, income, knowledge were significantly influence the drug use (p value < 0,05). In the multivariate analysis, the OR for education was 4,807, OR for occupation was 4,612, OR for income was 0.146. OR for knowledge 3,400.Conclusion:It can be concluded that the factors that significantly affect the use of drugs in the household environment of the Kota Sub-District Kudus Regency during the COVID-19 pandemic are occupation, education, income and knowledge
Effect of Breadfruit Leaf Extract on Sperm Quality in Diabetic Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Ilmansyah Rafi , Khairunnisa Ulya Hasna , Pangrukti Cendikia Sengkalaning , Rizaldi Rifki , Ariani Rr Mahayu Dewi , Hermawati Donna , Herlina Eka Chandra , Juniarto Acmad Zulfa 
Published: July 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus can lead to various complications, one of the most devastating complications is infertility. Meanwhile, the antioxidant compounds of breadfruit leaves have been shown to help heal oxidative stress and therefore prevent infertility in diabetic patients. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of breadfruit leaves in improving sperm quality parameters in male diabetic Wistar rats.Methods: In this study, twenty four male rats were used and were classified into four groups. Two of the four groups were alloxan-induced diabetics and were treated with a graded dose of breadfruit leaf extract. The two control groups received no therapy and the treatment was administered for 30 days. The rats were terminated after day 31 and sperm concentration, morphology, motility, and spermatogenesis were examined. Result: The results showed that breadfruit leaves increase sperm quality parameter levels compared to the control groups. The group that received a 400 mg/kg dose of breadfruit leaves showed the most significant improvement in terms of the level of sperm parameters compared to the other group that received a dose of 100 mg/kg breadfruit leaves. Conclusions: The protective effect of breadfruit leaves significantly reduced sperm damage caused by diabetes mellitus in Wistar Rats.
Nudging Pro-social Behavior in a Market Experiment with Carbon Offsets
Authors: McEvoy David , Cherry Todd L. , Mohr Tanga M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study uses controlled experiments to analyze the effectiveness of peer-comparison nudges to promote pro-social behavior. Participants make decisions as consumers in a simple posted-offer market (i.e. buyers are price takers) in which reducing consumption produces positive externalities through the purchase of carbon offsets. We analyze the effectiveness of the nudge under two common pricing schemes (ratepaying and non-ratepaying customers), and examine heterogeneous impacts depending on consumers’ concern about climate change and cultural worldviews. Our findings show that on average peer-comparison nudges are equally effective policy tools in both pricing environments. However, the nudges are only effective for those participants concerned about climate change, and for those with individualist or hierarchical worldviews.
Agent based modeling in health care economics: examples in the field of thyroid cancer
Authors: Demeulemeester Romain , Savy Nicolas , Grosclaude Pascale , Costa Nadège , Saint-Pierre Philippe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Although they remain little used in the field of Health Care Economics, Agent Based Models (ABM) are potentially powerful decision-making tools that open up great prospects. The reasons for this lack of popularity are essentially to be found in a methodology that should be further clarified. This article hence aims to illustrate the methodology by means of two applications to medical examples. The first example of ABM illustrates the construction of a Baseline Data Cohort by means of a Virtual Baseline Generator. The aim is to describe the prevalence of thyroid cancer in the French population over the long term according to different scenarios of evolution of this population. The second study considers a setting where the Baseline Data Cohort is an established cohort of (real) patients: the EVATHYR cohort. The aim of the ABM is to describe the long-term costs associated with different scenarios of thyroid cancer management. The results are evaluated using several simulation runs in order to observe the variability of simulations and to derive prediction intervals. The ABM approach is very flexible since several sources of data can be involved and a large variety of simulation models can be calibrated to generate observations according to different evolution scenarios.
The first person prefixes in South Ethio-Semitic
Authors: Bulakh Maria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSouth Ethio-Semitic (SES) is a genealogical branch of Ethio-Semitic (ES), a subgroup of Semitic found almost entirely in Ethiopia and Eritrea. The paper considers two features characteristic of several South Ethio-Semitic languages. Firstly, the Prefix Conjugation displays a common 1sg/1plprefix in various SES languages. Secondly, an innovative 1plsuffix is often employed in the Prefix Conjugation. In forms with 1sg/1plsyncretism, this suffix takes over the functional load of the plural marker. Both features are innovative in SES, and their absence from a number of languages in each of the main subbranches suggests areal diffusion rather than a shared innovation going back to the Proto-SES level. In former studies, it has been suggested that the innovative 1plsuffix was borrowed from Cushitic and that its introduction has triggered the 1sg/1plsyncretism. This hypothesis is critically reassessed in the present paper, which considers in detail various patterns of 1sg/1plsyncretism and various patterns of its interaction with the 1plsuffix, and offers a tentative reconstruction of their emergence and spread in the languages in question.
Adpositions and adpositional relator nouns in Akebu
Authors: Shluinsky Andrey 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents an overview, based on field data, of the adpositional system in Akebu, a Kwa (Ghana-Togo Mountain) language of West Africa. Like other Kwa languages, Akebu has both linear types of adpositions. Prepositions are not numerous and are fully grammaticalized. Two prepositions are used very widely, one of them expressing a comitative meaning and a number of related ones, the other having a generalized locative meaning, as well as other ones. In contrast, postpositions are more numerous, but most of them are weakly grammaticalized relator nouns that express the meanings of locational orientations and keep nominal morphology and independent uses. Still, grammaticalized postpositions are also present, the most common of them being a postposition that expresses apudessive, i.e. near, next to, orientation.
Melting intestines, red hearts, and scattering eyes: exploring embodiment in the Efik feeling lexica
Authors: Mensah Eyo O. , Dzokoto Vivian Afi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLanguages feature labels used to name various feeling states, referred to as emotion lexica. Language-specific linguistic features patterned after culturally-shaped templates such as somatic referencing, make each emotion lexicon unique. This study investigates somatic referencing in the emotion lexicon of the Efik ethnolinguistic group obtained through ethnographic linguistic fieldwork in South-eastern Nigeria. Our analysis revealed that in the Efik language, nearly fifty body-centered lexemes serve as the primary labels for a variety of feeling states. The identified emotion terms incorporated specific body parts, various parts of the face, as well as the generalized body. In each instance, the body referent constituted part of the internal structure of the feeling label. Our findings complement existing emotion research examining the cultural scripting of emotion experiences as well as their expression and communication.
Structural analysis of Cu-based FeCr reinforced composites prepared by mechanical alloying
Authors: Yilmaz S. O. , Teker T. , Aydin S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Production and structural investigations of Cu-based FeCr reinforced composite were performed by using mechanical alloying, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and hardness test. The increment in FeCr addition caused the increment in the cold deformation rate. This situation resulted in breakage of the powder particles throughout mechanical alloying.
Thus, the grain dimension of the FeCr powders decreased and the Fe wt.% in the CuCr powders advanced. The collision force between the Cu-Cr powder and the grinding ball weakened with the increase of FeCr concentration and resulted as higher reinforcement size. After mechanical milling, FeCr grains decreased in size more than copper grains due to the ductility of copper grains. The smaller crystals occurred after grinding, and increased the grain boundary zone for further spread of Cr into the Cu. Despite the high sintering process, the high sintering temperature improved the compactness of the alloys, but caused coarsening of the nanoparticles. The mechanical alloying time, reinforcement wt.% and sinter temperature were effective on the micro-hardness of the microstructure.
Evaluation of nickel shot peening process on strength of friction stir welded AA2014-T6 aluminum alloy joints
Authors: Mallieswaran K. , Rajendran C. , Padmanabhan R. , Rajasekaran S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The best aluminum alloys for construction are those that incorporate copper. However, welding engineers find it difficult to join aluminium and its alloys as a result of cracking. One of the popular methods for joining nonferrous materials, especially aluminum alloys, is friction stir welding (FSW). A tensile strength of 75 % to 85 % of the basic material strength is produced by FSW joints. The majority of studies have documented a reduction in strength as a result of incomplete melting, creating a soft region at the boundary between the thermo – mechanically influenced zone and the stir zone. The current effort has focused on using the shot peening method to reduce the softness at the interface. According to the test findings, the nickel shot-peened joint produced a stronger joint than the traditional FSW joint. The shot-peened joint has gained 7 % additional strength compared to untreated joint.
Scale-bridging contrasting and characterization of multi-wire submerged arc welds and electron beam welds in steels
Authors: Herges A. , Pauly C. , Müller M. , Britz D. , Mücklich F. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For a comprehensive microstructural characterization of welds, a scale-bridging analysis of the microstructure is required. It is the only way to identify all microstructural characteristics relevant for the mechanical properties which, in turn, may cover several observation scales. The analytical methods used range from etchings for the macroscopic evaluation of the weld and heat-affected zone to the detection of so-called “local brittle zones” (LBZs) in the micrometre range. This paper will study weld joints in low-alloy steels produced by multi-wire submerged arc welding and electron beam welding. Macro and micro etching as well as electropolishing will be used for microstructural contrasting. Scanning electron microscopy will be performed to identify the finely dispersed carbon-rich secondary phase. Electron backscatter diffraction will enable the identification of so-called martensite/austenite regions (MAs) capable of acting as LBZs.
Vibratory polishing of multiphase CuZn30//CuZn80 diffusion pairs for electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) characterization
Authors: Möbius J. , Lippmann S. , Seyring M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The influence of vibratory polishing time on the quality of EBSD mappings of a multiphase microstructure is investigated and optimized for CuZn30//CuZn80 diffusion couples. The diffusion couples consist of four different phases whose hardness varies between 70 HV0.1 and 454 HV0.1. These are first mechanically ground, polished and finally prepared by vibratory polishing. A vibratory polishing of 2 h provides for all phases the highest quality of the recorded Kikuchi patterns (Image Quality values) and the highest correct assignment of the individual pixels of the mapping. Preparation artifacts, such as relief formation, only appear at higher vibratory polishing times (> 2 h). A vibratory polishing of the diffusion couples of 0.5 h already provides sufficient surface quality for EBSD analyses.
Eine jüdische Stimme vor Gericht
Authors: Stengel Katharina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Die Einflussmöglichkeiten von Opfern der nationalsozialistischen Terrorherrschaft in den bundesdeutschen Strafverfahren gegen NS-Verbrecher waren sehr begrenzt, denn als Zeuginnen und Zeugen hatten sie den streng formalisierten Anforderungen der Strafjustiz zu entsprechen. Seit den 1950er Jahren versuchten jüdische Organisationen daher, über Nebenklagen in den Prozessen mehr Einfluss zu gewinnen und eigene Forderungen deutlich zu artikulieren. Katharina Stengel zeichnet die teils kontroversen Diskussionen innerhalb der internationalen jüdischen Organisationen nach, untersucht die Bedeutung der Nebenklage im Frankfurter Auschwitz-Prozess und einigen anderen NS-Verfahren und geht auf die wichtige, aber kaum bekannte Mithilfe der jüdischen Organisationen bei der Vorbereitung der Prozesse ein.
Das Institut für Zeitgeschichte und die Affäre um die gefälschten Hitler-Tagebücher 1982/83
Authors: Kutzner Maximilian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Die Veröffentlichung der gefälschten Hitler-Tagebücher im April 1983 löste unter den bundesdeutschen Historikern erregte Diskussionen aus. Konnten die Tagebücher überhaupt echt sein? Das Institut für Zeitgeschichte (IfZ) war bereits vor ihrer Veröffentlichung in Kontakt mit maßgeblichen Akteuren des späteren Skandals. In der Phase zwischen der Ankündigung des Funds und der Entlarvung als Fälschung spielten sich vielschichtige Prozesse der Selbstverortung in der Institutsleitung ab. Die Dokumente aus dem IfZ-Archiv zeigen, dass die gefälschten Tagebücher auch ein Prüfstein für die gesellschaftliche Rolle der Zeitgeschichte und ihrer maßgeblichen Vertreter waren.
‘A Light at the End of the Tunnel’
Authors: Thompson Zara , Baker Felicity A , Clark Imogen Nicola , McLachlan Gwladys , Mountain Sue , Mountain Dennis , Radford Maria , Reid Mark , Reid Nena , Reid Teuila , Tkalcevic Vera , Hodgson Marion , Tamplin Jeanette 
Published: July 2023

Background: This paper presents the results of an arts-based, phenomenological research project in which members of a therapeutic community choir for people living with dementia and their family and friends reflected on their experiences of singing together pre and post the transition to online sessions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: Eleven choir members (three living with dementia and eight family care-partners) participated in interviews about their experience of the choir and its transition to an online format during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviews were conducted in either a traditional, semi-structured interview format, or as a collaborative songwriting session, and participants were able to choose the format that they preferred. Transcripts of the interviews and songs that were composed were analysed using an adapted Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and arts-based research method. Participants verified key themes that emerged from the analysis, which formed the basis of an 18-part Song Cycle, which included two original songs by participants, and 16 songs composed by the first author.
Results: Eighteen sub-themes were generated from the analysis, which are expressed as songs and grouped into four overarching themes or ‘Movements’: i) the dementia experience; ii) the choir experience; iii) the COVID-19 experience; and iv) the virtual experience. The songs depict how participants experienced each of the overarching themes, and revealed challenges, new opportunities and resilience.
Conclusion: Navigating COVID-19 while living with or caring for someone with dementia was challenging. The virtual choir format was acceptable, provided relief from the stress of COVID-19, and kept members connected, however, there were technological limitations that made the experience challenging at times.