bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinder in der iridologischen Betrachtung
Authors: Stier Anja 
Published: July 2023

SummaryBei der Analyse von Kindeririden muss beachtet werden, dass die Entwicklung der Iris eines Kindes bis zum 6. Lebensjahr andauern kann, bis sich ein vollständiges Bild erschließen lässt – Unruhe und Lichtscheu erfordern dabei ein rasches Beobachten. Einige Besonderheiten sind dabei anzutreffen und zu berücksichtigen, insbesondere Miosis, Mydriasis, Büschelwimpern, Schaumbläschen und die vegetativ-spastische Diathese, die in den letzten Jahrzenten deutlich zugenommen hat. Häufig indizierte Arzneien in den ersten Lebensjahren sind Calcium carbonicum (bei „sauberen Iriden“ mit wenigen Dispositionen und Diathesen) und Tuberculinum Koch („gekämmtes Haar“ nach Maubach oder Kochsche Zeichen).
Iriskonstitutionen in der Pflanzenheilkunde
Authors: Wanitschek Anne , Vigl Sebastian 
Published: July 2023

SummaryDie Zuordnung augendiagnostischer beziehungsweise iridologischer Zeichen zu Heilpflanzen stellt einen wesentlichen Grundstein der personalisierten Phytotherapie nach dem System des Heilpraktikers Klaus Krämer dar. Augenfarbe der Patient*innen und Konstitutionsanalyse ermöglichen uns dabei, die individuelle Reaktions- und Krankheitsneigung zu berücksichtigen. Wir erhalten Hinweise, warum ein Mensch erkrankt und wie er gesunden kann. Die Bestimmung der Konstitution ist demnach ein wichtiges Kriterium für die Wahl des pflanzlichen Heilmittels, wenn wir aus dem großen pflanzlichen Arzneischatz schöpfen, um etwa eine Teetherapie zu konzipieren.
Zwei Königsdisziplinen vereint
Authors: Stier Anja 
Published: July 2023

SummaryWie sich in der Praxis zeigt, lässt sich die Iridologie ausgezeichnet mit Hahnemanns Miasmenlehre kombinieren – so zeigt der Nuxvomica-Typ (Stichworte: ehrgeizig, überaktiv, Darmbelastung) in der Iris typischerweise eine zentrale Heterochromie, eine vegetativ-spastische Diathese, neurogene Disposition, Leberstaketen und/oder eine Viereckkrause. Der Arsenicum-album-Typ ist meist durch Anspannung, Übersensibilität und Erschöpfung gekennzeichnet und zeigt in der Iris häufig eine enge Iriskrause, Verfärbungen in der Magen-Darm-Zone, eine neurogene Disposition, aberrante Fasern, Neuronennetze und/oder einen Neurasthenikerring. Calcium carbonicum gilt als Universalmittel für alle Altersgruppen und Krankheitsformen, besonders bei geringer Spannkraft – iridologisch zeigt sich typischerweise eine mesenchymal oder glandulär schwache Disposition sowie eine „saubere Iris“.
p-Block Element Catecholates: Lewis Superacidic, Constitutionally Dynamic, and Redox Active
Authors: Greb Lutz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNumerous strategies for enhancing the reactivity and properties of p-block elements have been devised in the past decades. This Account discusses our approaches by distinct ligand control on p-block elements in their normal (group) oxidation states. Catecholato ligands on silicon, germanium, or phosphorus produce a range of rewarding properties. Substantial electron withdrawal paired with structural constraint effects (influence of deformation energy) impart Lewis superacidity to these abundant elements. The ease of synthesis of such species facilitates screening in catalysis, promising a range of applications by powerful bond activation. Low-barrier Si–O/Si–O bond metathesis provides the most abundant bond in our Earth’s crust, with adaptive features under mild conditions, and establishes a new branch of constitutional dynamic chemistry. The redox-active character of catecholates grants access to novel compounds with tunable open-shell features. Overall, p-block catecholates offer unique opportunities due to their versatile features that will enrich the chemistry of the main-group elements.1	Introduction2	Halogenated Catecholates at Silicon Cause Substantial Lewis Acidity3	Constitutional Dynamics Cause a Structural Mystery4	Strong Silicon Lewis Acids Allow the Exploration of Uncharted Structures, Bond Activations, and Catalysis5	The Catechol Approach on Other Elements: Germanium and Phosphorus6	Catechols Are Redox Active: Also at Silicon7	Conclusion
On the Copper(I)-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of 1-Bromoalkynes with N-Heterocyclic Organozinc Reagents: Substrate Scope and Catalyst Evaluation
Authors: Livinghouse Tom , Frabitore Christian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNitrogen-containing heterocycles are ubiquitous in FDA-approved small molecule pharmaceuticals. Herein, we expand on a novel synthetic method for the production of saturated N-heterocyclic pharmacophore motifs with an internal alkyne for elaboration. The treatment of N,N-dimethylhydrazinoalkenes with diethylzinc followed by a Cu(I)-catalyzed cross-coupling with 1-bromoalkynes affords piperidines and pyrrolidines in respectable yields. Functional group tolerance is demonstrated by the inclusion of heteroatom-bearing alkynes. Unexpectedly, the use of ethyl propiolate as the trapping electrophile led to selective N-functionalization with the formation of vinylogous urethanes. Alternative Cu(I) complexes were also evaluated as prospective catalysts. This synthetic protocol can readily be achieved on a preparative scale.
Augmented Reality–Assisted versus Freehand Ventriculostomy in a Head Model
Authors: Schneider Max , Kunz Christian , Wirtz Christian Rainer , Mathis-Ullrich Franziska , Pala Andrej , Hlavac Michal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Ventriculostomy (VST) is a frequent neurosurgical procedure. Freehand catheter placement represents the standard current practice. However, multiple attempts are often required. We present augmented reality (AR) headset guided VST with in-house developed head models. We conducted a proof of concept study in which we tested AR-guided as well as freehand VST. Repeated AR punctures were conducted to investigate if a learning curve can be derived.
Methods Five custom-made 3D-printed head models, each holding an anatomically different ventricular system, were filled with agarose gel. Eleven surgeons placed two AR-guided as well as two freehand ventricular drains per head. A subgroup of four surgeons did a total of three series of AR-guided punctures each to test for a learning curve. A Microsoft HoloLens served as the hardware platform. The marker-based tracking did not require rigid head fixation. Catheter tip position was evaluated in computed tomography scans.
Results Marker-tracking, image segmentation, and holographic display worked satisfactorily. In freehand VST, a success rate of 72.7% was achieved, which was higher than under AR guidance (68.2%, difference not statistically significant). Repeated AR-guided punctures increased the success rate from 65 to 95%. We assume a steep learning curve as repeated AR-guided punctures led to an increase in successful attempts. Overall user experience showed positive feedback.
Conclusions We achieved promising results that encourage the continued development and technical improvement. However, several more developmental steps have to be taken before an application in humans can be considered. In the future, AR headset–based holograms have the potential to serve as a compact navigational help inside and outside the operating room.
The impact of labor mobility with fellow townsmen on the wages of rural migrants: evidence from China
Authors: Meng Fanqiang , Liu Zhihui , Lin Hao , Bhuiyan Miraj Ahmed 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLabor mobility is an inherent component of economic development and labor market changes. With globalization and urbanization, labor mobility is on the rise in many developing countries, and it is of great significance to study the economic outcomes and poverty alleviation effects of this phenomenon. This paper explores the impact of labor mobility on the wages of rural migrants when they move out with their fellow townsmen (folks from the same county). The study uses the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) data and applies the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method for empirical analysis. Our results suggest that labor mobility with fellow townsmen significantly increases the wages of rural migrants. The paper shows two promotion mechanisms: mobility with fellow townsmen affects the wages of rural migrants by improving their ability to search for information and negotiate wages. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that mobility with fellow townsmen significantly increases the wages of rural migrants engaged in producer service, consumer service, blue-collar occupations, and working in state-owned and private enterprises. Furthermore, it has a more positive impact on the wages of older rural migrants from an intergenerational perspective. Interestingly, rural migrants may “give up” part of their wages to care for their families when they move with their spouses, parents, or children. Therefore, the government needs to take effective policy measures to promote the employment service system and improve the labor rights and interests protection mechanism for rural migrants.
Localizing the COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar
Authors: Boéri Julie , Giustini Deborah 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted people’s professional and personal life in different ways across the globe. Adopting an enlarged view of localization which goes beyond market interests and extends to public concerns, this paper aims to examine the adaptive processes through which interpreters (and by extension providers and users) have localized the COVID-19 phenomenon in Qatar. To do so, it draws on an approach which combines narrative and practice theories. Considering that practices are storied and narratives are enacted, we focus on the ‘doings’ and the ‘sayings’ of interpreters. We present the findings of a case study conducted with Qatar-based interpreters. The primary data consists of qualitative, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with active interpreters across settings and levels of expertise in the Qatar interpreting industry. This sample allowed us to collect rich stories of interpreters’ experience at the height of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: between March 2020 and March 2021, coinciding in Qatar with the first lockdown and the subsequent easing of restrictions with the establishment of precautionary measures. The findings show that interpreters adapt to the COVID-19 crisis and contribute to its response in ways that are specific to the cultural, temporal and spatial configuration of practice.
Unintentional containment of the contaminated
Authors: Techawongstien Koraya , Phanthaphoommee Narongdej 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccess to healthcare information for Thailand’s migrants remains a challenge throughout the COVID-19 crisis, despite the Thai government’s efforts to support this vulnerable group. This study investigates the Thai authorities’ approach of health communication for migrant workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role and network of translators/interpreters as the state’s agent by adopting the concepts of translation and interpreting in crisis communication and actor-network theory. This article focuses primarily on Myanmar translators/interpreters in the Thai context. The findings show that the state’s translation/interpreting efforts during the pandemic were lackadaisical in meeting such linguistic demands for migrants who have contributed significantly to Thailand’s economic growth for more than two decades. Despite the state’s adoption of a national language policy, Thai linguistic nationalism remains dominant. Such a move appears to unintentionally contain the sense of ‘foreign contamination’ brought to Thailand by these ‘inferior’ nationals but stands in stark contradiction to their trans-border language demands. Furthermore, the existing network of Thai translators/interpreters, which should assist the government in strengthening health communication for disadvantaged communities, is underdeveloped. Competing factions, non-inclusive member recruiting, and a particular priority on language pairs all thwart the network’s establishment process. The private hospitals’ translators/interpreters for Myanmar are not strongly affiliated with professional networks but with an imbalanced structure of networking.
How COVID-19 changes the way we approach pedagogy for translation
Authors: Liang Lisi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of digitisation and the dominance of social streaming platforms, the way we approach
pedagogy for translation has changed significantly, especially under the circumstances of COVID-19. Teaching traditionally in the
classroom seems insufficient to account for today’s overall distance learning atmosphere. Combined online and offline teaching
models, this paper borrows the concept of “multimodality”, developed by Kress and van Leeuwen (2001, 4), to capture “when and how technologies are specialised or multi-purpose” in the application of remote
teaching and learning for translation. Therefore, this article describes a teaching project which investigates the insights into
three critical components inspired by non-professional subtitling and dubbing into a formal teaching context. These are a two-step
pre-course preparation: a student-led questionnaire and an in-class quiz, the teamwork production of AVT works and a final
post-reflection targeted at oral presentation and written review. Pedagogically, this collaborative approach enables students to
improve translator competence, cultural awareness and technological capacities.
Using a contrastive hierarchy to formalize structural similarity as I-proximity in L3 phonology
Authors: Archibald John 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper I argue that cross-linguistic similarity in third language acquisition is determined by a structural
hierarchy of contrastive phonological features. Such an approach allows us formalize a predictive notion of I-proximity which also
provides an explanatory model of L2, and L3 phonological knowledge (represented in an integrated I-grammar). The metrics of
phonological similarity (i.e., structural not acoustic) are analogous to morphosyntactic similarity in that both morphosyntactic
and phonological approaches can compare the outcomes of parsing the L3 input by the L1 hierarchy and by the L2 hierarchy. From
this starting point I propose a conservative, incremental learning theory to guide subsequent reconstruction of the L3 grammar.
Under this model, it can be argued that phonology is part of Faculty of Language Narrow (FLN). The (gradient) phonetic material
comes from outside the FLN but the linguistic computational system converts it to discrete abstract elements that can be
manipulated by the learner.
Missing and not found
Authors: Lipták Anikó , Sybesma Rint 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper offers novel insights on articlelessness in noun phrases in Dutch and German headlines. Modified noun
phrases that lack a determiner in headlines exhibit adjectival agreement that cannot be explained if one assumes an article that
is phonologically null or that has been PF-deleted. We describe the pattern, consider different analytical options and eventually
conclude that the interpretation, distribution as well as the observed adjectival agreement characteristic of articlelessness noun
phrases calls for an account in which the article is never projected to begin with.
Effect of Pr doping on structure and luminescence properties of ZrO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Lokesha H S , Chithambo M L , Tatumi Sonia Hatsue , Nagabhushana K R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Pr3+ impurity transitions in monoclinic and cubic phases of ZrO2 have been investigated by photoluminescence and thermoluminescence (TL). Zr(1−x)Pr
x
O2 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.015) samples were prepared by the combustion method. Rietveld refined x-ray diffraction results confirm that undoped ZrO2 has a monoclinic structure, whereas Pr doped ZrO2 samples are in mixed phase consisting of monoclinic and cubic structures. ZrO2 shows a broad defect-related emission peak centered at 500 nm under an excitation wavelength of 300 nm. A series of Pr3+-related emissions are observed at 512, 584, 612–640 nm due to 3P0 → 3H4, 3P1 + 1I6 → 3H5, 1D2 → 3H4 transitions and between 719 and 740 nm due to 1D2 → 3H5 transitions when excited with 454 nm. The PL decay lifetime of Zr0.996Pr0.004O2 is 1.55 μs for fixed λ
ex = 300 nm and λ
em = 612 nm. The TL glow curve of Zr0.99Pr0.01O2 shows a prominent peak at 695 K and secondary peaks at 508 K and 570 K, which are not observed in undoped ZrO2. The TL emission measured at 695 K confirms that Pr3+ replaces Zr4+ in cubic lattice sites of ZrO2. This work shows the relationship between the luminescence properties and different structures of ZrO2 and that supports the design of new materials for possible applications.
Capillary performance of vertically grooved wicks on laser-processed aluminum surfaces with different wettability
Authors: Chen Lie , Xu Yifan , Bennett Peter , Cheng Jian , Yang Qibiao , Liu Dun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ultra-thin heat pipes have been employed extensively for the thermal management of electronic devices. Their capacity for heat transfer is significantly influenced by the capillary performance of the wicking structure in the pipes. In this study, superhydrophilic (SHPi) and superhydrophobic (SHPo) background surfaces were prepared on aluminum sheets using a nanosecond fiber laser. SHPi grooves with widths ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 mm were then produced on the surfaces with the same laser. The effects of the background wettability on the capillary performance of the grooves were investigated. The fastest ascent of the water in the grooves on the SHPo background surface occurred when the groove widths were between 0.1 and 0.2 mm. As the groove width increased to 0.3–0.4 mm, the water level rose most quickly in the groove on the SHPi surface. Furthermore, water absorption was always larger on the SHPi background surface for grooves of the same width as on the other two surfaces. As a result, a wettable background surface that matches the application requirements should be selected. The SHPo background surface should be used when a rapid water rise in the groove is desired. The SHPi background surface, on the other hand, increases water absorption capacity. Water absorption achieved a maximum of 6.8 mg with a groove width of 0.4 mm, and capillary performance parameters reached 4.62 × 10–7 N, which was 117.9% higher than the pristine background surface. This study presents fresh suggestions for increasing the capillary performance of vertically grooved wicks.
Effect of direct current bias on MZO window layer in CdTe solar cells
Authors: Wu Qiuchen , Zhang Yufeng , Li Ruchun , Huang Kai , Zhao Wenxiong , Liu Xiangxin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The band alignment between magnesium-doped zinc oxide (MZO) and cadmium telluride (CdTe) is critical for enhancing the efficiency of CdTe solar cells. In order to study the effect of direct current (DC) bias on the MZO film, various DC biases were applied during the radio frequency (RF) sputtering of the MZO films, with the target bias ranging from 79 V to 121 V. The compositional, structural, chemical, and electronic properties of the MZO films were investigated. The optical transmission and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results show that the DC bias could modify the position of the Fermi level while having minimal impact on the band gap of the MZO film. The MZO films with different DC biases were employed as the window layer in CdTe solar cells. The device without DC bias exhibited a low efficiency of 7.7%, corresponding to a cliff-like conduction band offset near −0.1 eV. The optimal DC bias for the MZO film was found to be 99 V, leading to an improvement in efficiency to 12.9%, with a spike-like conduction band offset near 0.2 eV. Further increases in the conduction band offset, however, decrease the photo-generated current, negatively impacting device performance. The results emphasize the significance of DC bias in the RF sputtering process of MZO films with regard to the functionality of CdTe solar cells.
Magnetization AC losses of MgB2 wires with thin filaments and resistive sheath
Authors: Kováč Ján , Kováč Pavol , Rindfleisch Matt , Tomsic Michael 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Magnetization AC losses of fine-filamentary MgB2 wires with resistive CuNi sheaths were measured. The effects of varying the number of filaments (114–342, corresponding to effective filament diameters of 14–20 μm), twist pitch (10–30 mm) and outer sheath material on the total AC loss were studied. For a better understanding of individual loss contributions, the effects of varying applied temperature, magnetic field, and frequencies were examined. It is found that hysteresis loss per volume decreases with the reduced filament size and that coupling current losses play a dominant role. The effect of decoupling by twisting was clearly observed for the smallest twist pitches. Considering the possible degradation of transport currents by twisting, AC losses were also normalized by the critical currents of the same wires. While twisting to short pitch decreases losses significantly, it apparently does not reduce the transport current. Consequently, the fine-filamentary MgB2 wires with resistive CuNi sheath examined in this paper are excellent candidates for future low loss applications. Unlike ReBCO tapes, round MgB2 wires enable easy single strand twisting, and the braiding or cabling, of wires into a variety of specific shapes and diameters.
Structure driven magnetic properties and magnetodielectric coupling in a mixed metal oxide NdCr0.5Co0.5O3
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Mukherjee K 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mixed-metal oxides provide a vast playground to enhance and tune their functional properties, as compared to the respective parent oxides. In this context, we report the magnetic, thermal, dielectric, and magnetodielectric properties of NdCr0.5Co0.5O3. Three magnetic transitions, T
N1 –antiferromagnetic ordering of Cr3+ cations from paramagnetic state, T
N2—spin reorientation of these Cr3+ cations, and T
N3—due to Nd ordering induced by the Cr sub-lattice; have been observed due to a reduction in orthorhombic distortion. Modification of magnetic interactions is also noted because of the presence of Co cations in NdCrO3 matrix. The reduction in Nd3+-Cr3+ interactions is further concluded from the Schottky anomaly in the heat capacity, which arises due to Zeeman splitting of the ground state Kramer’s doublet of Nd3+ cations. The presence of significant magnetodielectric coupling (∼4%) below T
N2 has been observed. Additionally, double relaxor-like behaviour around 176 and 230 K, with activation energy ∼0.24 and 0.32 eV, is observed due to charge carrier hopping at Cr/Co-site. Our studies indicate that structure-driven modifications of Cr3+-Cr3+ and Nd3+-Cr3+ interactions are responsible for enhanced value of magnetic transitions and magnetodielectric coupling in NdCr0.5Co0.5O3, as compared to its respective parent compounds.
Solving a singular integral equation for the one-dimensional Coulomb problem
Authors: Shutovskyi Arsen , Sakhnyuk Vasyl , Muliar Vadim 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A new integral equation that describes the behavior of the momentum space wave function for the one-dimensional Coulomb potential is proposed. The obtained result turned out to be a homogeneous Fredholm integral equation of the second kind and a singular integral equation, because its kernel has a singularity at some point in the momentum space. A nontriviality of the method of solving this singular integral equation lies in the application of the integral representation for its integral kernel. The technique applied in this paper made it possible to show that the wave function in the momentum representation is simultaneously a solution of the homogeneous Fredholm integral equation of the second kind and of the linear Volterra integral equation of the second kind. Since a linear Volterra integral equation of the second kind was easily transformed into a second order linear inhomogeneous differential equation with constant coefficients, the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues in the one-dimensional Coulomb problem were found without any difficulties. Such a circumstance may indicate the validity of the new integral equation and the proposed method of its solving.