bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining estimators in interlaboratory studies and meta‐analyses
Authors: Huang Hening 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMany statistical methods (estimators) are available for estimating the consensus value (or average effect) and heterogeneity variance in interlaboratory studies or meta‐analyses. These estimators are all valid because they are developed from or supported by certain statistical principles. However, no estimator can be perfect and must have error or uncertainty (known as estimator uncertainty). For a given dataset, the consensus value and heterogeneity variance given by different estimators can often differ significantly. Consequently, the choice of different estimators can affect the conclusion of an interlaboratory study or meta‐analysis. However, there is no universally accepted metric for determining which estimator is optimal among a set of candidate estimators. Instead of selecting and using a single estimator, this paper proposes an estimator‐averaging approach to combine a set of individual estimators. The final averaged estimator is a linear combination of individual estimators, which accounts for three sources of uncertainties including the estimator uncertainty. Monte Carlo simulations were performed to examine the long‐run performance of four individual estimators and the proposed averaged estimators. A case study: the determination of the Newtonian constant of gravitation is presented, where 10 individual estimators (eight frequentist weighted average methods and two Bayesian methods) are combined using the proposed estimator‐averaging approach.
Understanding the role of COVID‐19–related workplace stress and institutional betrayal on mental health in nurses: Some heroes wear scrubs
Authors: Beck J. Gayle , Majeed Rimsha , Brown Timothy A. , Free Bre'Anna L. , Bowen Mya E. , Garrett Audrey B. , Farchione Todd J. , Brown Bonnie S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study examined the association of three specific COVID‐19–related workplace stressors (percentage of nursing work with COVID‐positive [COVID+] patients, number of COVID‐19–related patient deaths witnessed, and living separately from family for safety) and their associations with posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) among 391 nurses (93.6% White, 93.4% utilize she/her pronouns). Cross‐sectional data were collected via an online survey. Institutional betrayal (i.e., the perception that an institution failed to protect a member who depends on and trusts it) was examined as a moderator of these associations. Although institutional betrayal was not a significant moderator in the three individual models, it held small‐to‐medium–sized positive main effects with PTSS and symptoms of GAD and MDD in both the individual and combined models. In the individual models, the percentage of nursing work with COVID+ patients was significantly positively associated with all three mental health conditions, f2 = .019–.195, whereas it only showed a significant effect with PTSS in the combined model, f2 = .138. Living separately from family was significantly positively associated with PTSS and MDD symptoms in both the individual, f2 = .037 and .015, respectively, and combined models, f2 = .025 and .013, respectively. Number of patient deaths held a significant positive association with PTSS alone, f2 = .022, in the individual model only. The findings are discussed in light of ways in which health care settings can better support and prioritize mental health among nursing staff.
Structural complexity characterizes fine‐scale forest conditions used by Pacific martens
Authors: Delheimer Matthew S. , Moriarty Katie M. , Munro Holly L. , Early Desiree A. , Hamm Keith A. , Green Rebecca E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhen wildlife species exhibit unexpected associations with vegetation, replication of studies in different locales can illuminate whether patterns of use are consistent or divergent. Our objective was to describe fine‐scale forest conditions used by Pacific martens (Martes caurina) at 2 study sites in northern California that differed in forest composition and past timber harvest. We identified denning and resting locations of radio‐marked martens and sampled structure‐ and plot‐level vegetation using standardized forest inventory methods between 2009–2021. Woody structures used by martens were significantly larger than randomly available structures across types (e.g., live tree, snag, log) and at both study sites. Den and rest structures occurred in areas characterized by higher numbers of logs and snags, lower numbers of live trees and stumps, larger diameter live trees and logs, and greater variation in live tree and log diameter. Features of denning and resting locations were largely consistent across study sites and were generally representative of fine‐scale forest heterogeneity and increased structural complexity, conditions that martens have been widely associated with at broader spatial scales (i.e., home range or landscape). The spatial occurrence of denning and resting locations may indicate that fine‐scale structural complexity facilitates marten foraging while reducing predation risk. Our work offers timely and directed information that can guide forest management in the context of increased landscape change.
Comparing Atlantic Cod Temporal Spawning Dynamics across a Biogeographic Boundary: Insights from Passive Acoustic Monitoring
Authors: Van Hoeck Rebecca V. , Rowell Timothy J. , Dean Micah J. , Rice Aaron N. , Van Parijs Sofie M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Atlantic Cod Gadus morhua, which are overfished in the United States, are potentially vulnerable to disturbance from offshore wind energy (OWE) construction and operation during their spawning period. While many aspects of Atlantic Cod biology are well studied, little is known of their habitat use and spawning behavior at the extreme southern extent of the species' range. As Atlantic Cod form dense spawning aggregations and produce sounds associated with courtship behaviors, we used a combination of fixed-station and glider-based passive acoustic monitoring methods to evaluate the spatiotemporal spawning dynamics of Atlantic Cod in the Georges Bank stock. Additionally, we assessed potential interactions with OWE in designated offshore wind lease areas within southern New England waters of the western North Atlantic Ocean. Generalized linear modeling was used to evaluate correlations between cod grunt activity and multiple environmental cycles. Results from the southern New England spawning grounds were compared to similar data describing the geographically separated Massachusetts Bay winter-spawning subpopulation within the western Gulf of Maine stock. Temporal patterns in Atlantic Cod grunts suggest that spawning in southern New England waters is concentrated in November and December and is greatest near the new and full moons. Although there were fine-scale differences in the temporal dynamics of grunt presence between the two regions, the overall seasonality of inferred spawning was similar. Results suggest that Atlantic Cod spawning in southern New England overlaps with planned OWE construction in time and space. An understanding of cod spawning phenology in the western North Atlantic can be used to minimize disturbance to spawning through limiting construction timelines and consideration of turbine or cable placement.
Evolutionary game analysis on incremental component suppliers and auto manufacturers' intelligent connected vehicle production decisions
Authors: Li Kai , Xia Lulu , Zhao Nenggui , Fu Hong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper considers a two‐population evolutionary game between incremental component suppliers and new energy vehicle (NEV) manufacturers to explore their intelligent connected vehicle (ICV) production decisions in the long term. The government subsidy policy is taken into consideration in the extended model. Through analysis, we derive all the possible evolutionary results and obtain while the static subsidy affects the thresholds compared with non‐government subsidy situation, it has no effect on the overall evolutionary direction. However, the dynamic subsidy can remove the periodic behavior of the ICV supply chain participants. This paper provides some suggestions to enhance the ICV industry development.
A Biomarker Study in Patients with GBA1‐Parkinson's Disease and Healthy Controls
Authors: den Heijer Jonas M. , Cullen Valerie C. , Pereira Diana R. , Yavuz Yalcin , de Kam Marieke L. , Grievink Hendrika W. , Moerland Matthijs , Leymarie Nancy , Khatri Kshitij , Sollomoni Imelda , Spitalny Leslie , Dungeon Lindsay , Hilt Dana C. , Justman Craig , Lansbury Peter , Groeneveld Geert Jan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMolecules related to glucocerebrosidase (GCase) are potential biomarkers for development of compounds targeting GBA1‐associated Parkinson's disease (GBA‐PD).ObjectivesAssessing variability of various glycosphingolipids (GSLs) in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) across GBA‐PD, idiopathic PD (iPD), and healthy volunteers (HVs).MethodsData from five studies were combined. Variability was assessed of glucosylceramide (various isoforms), lactosylceramide (various isoforms), glucosylsphingosine, galactosylsphingosine, GCase activity (using fluorescent 4‐methylumbeliferryl‐β‐glucoside), and GCase protein (using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay) in plasma, PBMCs, and CSF if available, in GBA‐PD, iPD, and HVs. GSLs in leukocyte subtypes were compared in HVs. Principal component analysis was used to explore global patterns in GSLs, clinical characteristics (Movement Disorder Society – Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part 3 [MDS‐UPDRS‐3], Mini‐Mental State Examination [MMSE], GBA1 mutation type), and participant status (GBA‐PD, iPD, HVs).ResultsWithin‐subject between‐day variability ranged from 5.8% to 44.5% and was generally lower in plasma than in PBMCs. Extracellular glucosylceramide levels (plasma) were slightly higher in GBA‐PD compared with both iPD and HVs, while intracellular levels were comparable. GSLs in the different matrices (plasma, PBMCs, CSF) did not correlate. Both lactosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine were more abundant in granulocytes compared with monocytes and lymphocytes. Absolute levels of GSL isoforms differed greatly. GBA1 mutation types could not be differentiated based on GSL data.ConclusionsGlucosylceramide can stably be measured over days in both plasma and PBMCs and may be used as a biomarker in clinical trials targeting GBA‐PD. Glucosylsphingosine and lactosylceramide are stable in plasma but are strongly affected by leukocyte subtypes in PBMCs. GBA‐PD could be differentiated from iPD and HVs, primarily based on glucosylceramide levels in plasma. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Immediate sciatic nerve reconstruction using an ipsilateral common peroneal nerve graft at the time of sarcoma resection
Authors: Hanada M. , Kadota H. , Fujiwara T. , Setsu N. , Endo M. , Matsumoto Y. , Nakashima Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundConcomitant resection of the sciatic nerve along with a malignant tumor is no longer a contraindication for limb‐sparing surgery, as most of these patients remain ambulatory. However, sciatic nerve reconstruction after sarcoma resection is not commonly performed. Restoration of nerve function can improve patient quality of life. We describe our experience with four patients who underwent sciatic nerve reconstruction using an ipsilateral common peroneal nerve graft at the time of sarcoma resection.MethodsBecause of the low chance of peroneal nerve recovery, the ipsilateral peroneal trunk was used as a graft to reconstruct the tibial trunk of the sciatic nerve. Two patients were men and two were women. Mean age was 45.3 years (range, 15–62). Mean sciatic nerve defect length was 9.4 cm (range, 8.5–12.0). Proximal thigh defects (three patients) were reconstructed with a double cable; the one patient with a distal thigh defect underwent single cable reconstruction. Mean operation time was 492 min (range, 428–682).ResultsMean length of the harvested peroneal trunks was 21 cm (range, 11–26). Mean graft length was 11.9 cm (range, 11–13). Postoperative course was uneventful in all four patients. One patient died of sarcoma lung metastasis and could not be evaluated. Three patients were followed for more than 2 years. Two patients achieved British Medical Research Council grade 4 plantar flexion; the remaining patient achieved grade 5 plantar flexion and grade 4 toe flexion. Semmes–Weinstein monofilament sensory testing showed loss of protective sensation on the plantar surface in all three. Musculoskeletal Tumor Society scores at last follow‐up were 60.0%, 70.0%, and 43.3%, respectively.ConclusionsImmediate sciatic nerve reconstruction using an ipsilateral common peroneal nerve graft avoids reconstruction delay and scar tissue formation, which is advantageous for nerve recovery. This technique may be considered when sciatic nerve resection is anticipated during sarcoma resection.
Design of low profile wideband high power waveguide to substrate integrated waveguide coupler
Authors: Ameri Edris , Khalaj‐Amirhosseini Mohammad , Sedighy Seyed Hasan , Azizi Yousef 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a new wideband waveguide substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) coupler with maximum deviation of ±0.5 dB in a 7.5–12.25 GHz bandwidth (48% fractional bandwidth). Proposed coupler consists of the standard WR90 waveguide and single layer/double clad SIW printed circuit board (PCB) which is placed crosswise on the waveguide. Proposed three port coupler (isolated port was ended with match load) has a two coupling level (average of coupling in 8–12 GHz frequency range) of 43.2 and 58.3 dB, which is correspond with the hole diameter of 3.5 and 3 mm, respectively. The main contribution of this work is based on the hybrid techniques of SIW and RWG for coupler design in the high power microwave application. Validation of the simulation results with measurement one proves that the proposed X‐band waveguide to SIW coupler is a good candidate for use in high power industrial/commercial applications.
Three‐dimensional‐printed strip and paint‐based semiellipsoidal helical antenna
Authors: Ghosh Purno , Harackiewicz Frances J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA semiellipsoidal helical antenna (SEHA) is formed by scaling a hemispherical antenna in the axial direction. Effects of scaling factors on reflection coefficient (S11), axial ratio bandwidth (AR BW), and gains were analyzed thoroughly. By considering the best scaling factor, analysis is continued for strip‐based SEHA. It is observed that keeping the strip face parallel to the ground plane eliminates the concern of extra impedance matching issues and improves the overall performance over its wire‐based counterpart. For prototyping, the antenna is constructed independently on polylactic acid and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic‐based supportive structures. Simulated and measured results are well agreed upon. When the height (h) in the axial direction is twice the hemispherical radius (r), the antenna provided maximum impedance and 3‐dB AR bandwidths of 144% and 77.53%, respectively, with a maximum gain of 8.83 dBi. The proposed antenna would be a good contestant in satellite communication where a broadband circularly polarized antenna is required.
MRI‐based quantification of carbon and oxygen concentrations in human soft tissues for range verification in proton therapy
Authors: Saito Masatoshi 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn‐situ range verification of particle therapy based on the detection of secondary emitted radiation requires highly accurate assignment of elemental concentrations (particularly carbon and oxygen) in the human body.PurposeA method for quantitatively predicting carbon and oxygen concentrations in human soft tissues is proposed. This method relies on an empirical one‐to‐one correspondence between the mass fraction and water content (WC), which is a measurable tissue quantity based on magnetic resonance (MR) imaging (referred to as “MRWC‐based method”).MethodsA numerical analysis of the MRWC‐based method was performed for 47 standard human soft tissues tabulated in the literature as objects of interest with unknown mass fractions of the four main elements—C, O, H, and N. Thereafter, the method was evaluated in terms of the mass‐fraction quantification accuracy by comparing it with the gold‐standard CT‐based method developed by Schneider et al. The MRWC‐based method was also applied to the MR imaging data of a virtual head phantom obtained from a three‐dimensional MRI‐simulated brain database.ResultsThe predicted mass fractions in a range of human soft tissues were in better agreement with the reference values than those predicted by the CT‐based method. The mean absolute errors of the predicted mass% values for the overall standard soft tissues could be reduced from 4.8 percentage points (pp) (CT‐based) to 0.5 pp (MRWC‐based) for carbon and from 5.2 pp (CT‐based) to 0.4 pp (MRWC‐based) for oxygen. The application to the simulated MRI data confirmed the capability of the sufficient recognition of the boundaries between the white matter and gray matter in the brain that could not be realized by the CT‐based method. Thus, the MRWC‐based method exhibits superior performance in the prediction of carbon and oxygen concentrations in soft tissues.ConclusionsThis study is limited to a proof‐of‐concept scope but demonstrates the feasibility of the MRWC‐based method for the generation of elemental images of human soft tissues from MRI‐derived water‐content images.
RACK1 may participate in placental development at mid‐gestation via regulating trophoblast cell proliferation and migration in pigs
Authors: Wu Zhimin , Hu Guangling , Gong Ting , Hu Qun , Hong Linjun , Zhang Yiyu , Ao Zheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a severe complication in swine production. Placental insufficiency is responsible for inadequate fetal growth, but the specific etiology of placental dysfunction‐induced IUGR in pigs remains poorly understood. In this work, placenta samples supplying the lightest weight (LW) and mean weight (MW) pig fetuses in the litter at Day 65 (D65) of gestation were collected, and the relationship between fetal growth and placental morphologies and functions was investigated using histomorphological analysis, RNA sequencing, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and in vitro experiment in LW and MW placentas. Results showed that the folded structure of the epithelial bilayer of LW placentas followed a poor and incomplete development compared with that of MW placentas. A total of 654 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened out between the LW and MW placentas, and the gene encodes receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) was found to be downregulated in LW placentas. The DEGs were mainly enriched in translation, ribosome, protein synthesis, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway according to gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. In vitro experiments indicated that the decreased RACK1 in LW placentas may be involved in abnormal development of placental folds (PFs) by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of porcine trophoblast cells. Taken together, these results revealed that RACK1 may be a vital regulator in the development of PFs via regulating trophoblast cell proliferation and migration in pigs.
A multifield coupled thermo‐chemo‐mechanical theory for the reaction‐diffusion modeling in photovoltaics
Authors: Liu Zeng , Lenarda Pietro , Reinoso Jose , Paggi Marco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA comprehensive coupled thermo‐chemo‐mechanical modeling framework is proposed in this work to study the reaction‐diffusion phenomena taking place inside photovoltaics (PV). When exposed to hygrothermal conditions, the encapsulant ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate (EVA) layers undergo chemical degradation that significantly influences the overall PV performance. Aiming at efficient thermo‐mechanical modeling, the coupled displacement‐temperature governing equations for the EVA layers are formulated, and its 3D finite element (FE) implementation is derived in detail. Subsequently, the chemical reaction‐diffusion processes occurring in the EVA layers are described, and the corresponding numerical implementation is formulated with the consideration of spatial and temporal variation of diffusivity and chemical kinetic rates. Specifically, the thermo‐mechanical solution accounting for the heat generation from chemical reactions is projected to the FE model of the reaction‐diffusion system in order to determine the kinetic rates and diffusion coefficients for its subsequent analysis. The proposed modeling method is applied to simulate the evolution of reaction‐diffusion species at different damp heat tests, and predictions show a very satisfactory agreement with the analytical solution and experimental electroluminescence images taken from the literature. Its capabilities to predict the spatio‐temporal variation are demonstrated through the simulation of the humidity freeze test, where the cyclic temperature boundary condition is imposed. With this modeling framework, it is possible to evaluate the degradation of PV modules under varying environmental boundary conditions, thus providing a guideline to design new products tailored for specific climatic zones.
“Attempting to protect self and patient”: A grounded theory study of error recovery by intensive care nurses
Authors: Najafi Ghezeljeh Tahereh , Farahani Mansoureh Ashghali , Kafami Ladani Fatemeh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to explore the process of error recovery (ER) by nurses in intensive care unit (ICU).DesignThis qualitative study was conducted in 2018–2020 using the grounded theory methodology.MethodsParticipants were 20 staff nurses, head nurses and nursing managers recruited from the ICUs. Sampling was started purposively and continued theoretically. Data were collected using semi‐structured interviews and were analysed using the approach proposed by Corbin and Strauss.ResultsThe findings indicated that nurses' primary concern was for the patient and their own personal/professional identity. Five strategies were found including evaluating situation, identifying error, analysing error and situation, determining the agent for error correction, and reducing error effects. Contextual factors were also highlighted as being important in the error recovery. “Attempting to protect self and patient” was the core category of the study. Nurses' concern about protecting patient life and their own personal/professional identity make them use unprofessional approaches for ER.