bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the lived experience of mental health and coping during unemployment
Authors: Arena Andrew F. , Harris Marnie , Mobbs Sophia , Nicolopoulos Alexandra , Harvey Samuel B. , Deady Mark 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Unemployment is known to involve various psychosocial challenges that can negatively impact mental health. However, the intricacies of how individuals experience these challenges and strive to cope within the context of varied sociocultural and individuating factors, remain comparatively understudied. The present qualitative study used an interpretative phenomenological approach to explore the lived experiences of mental health and coping during unemployment.

Methods
Fifteen Australian adults who had recently experienced unemployment (for ≥3 months in the last 2 years), despite being available for and able to work, participated in semi-structured interviews from August to September 2021. Maximum variation sampling ensured participants represented diverse sociodemographic backgrounds. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis within NVivo12 software.

Results
Four major themes were identified: 1) disrupted identity and direction in life; 2) navigating conflicting views of contribution and progress; 3) knowing how to cope is not enough; and 4) unemployment as a catalyst for new understandings. Unemployment disrupted participants’ sense of purpose, identity and visions for the future. It signified a perceived failure to meet societal standards of value based upon the economic functions of work, which participants struggled to reconcile with their own priorities for work that satisfied psychosocial needs. Participants were aware of effective coping strategies, although these had mixed positive and negative effects on mental health, or were difficult to mobilise during unemployment. The COVID-19 pandemic, while normalising unemployment to some degree, exacerbated future uncertainty and prevented engagement with known coping strategies (e.g., social interaction). However, unemployment could also instigate growth through re-defining markers of achievement, re-aligning goals with one’s core values, and developing greater compassion.

Conclusions
Experiences of mental health and coping during unemployment share complex relationships both with each other and with broader personal and sociocultural contexts. Service providers may better meet the mental health needs of those experiencing unemployment by balancing the economic and psychosocial functions of work, understanding that coping is a wholistic issue that goes beyond knowledge of effective strategies, and being aware of the opportunities for self-development that unemployment can create.
Effect of COVID-19 infection related experiences on social behaviors when a state of emergency is declared: a cohort study
Authors: Mori Takahiro , Nagata Tomohisa , Ikegami Kazunori , Hino Ayako , Tateishi Seiichiro , Tsuji Mayumi , Matsuda Shinya , Fujino Yoshihisa , Mori Koji ,   for the CORoNaWork project, Ogami Akira , Ando Hajime , Eguchi Hisashi , Muramatsu Keiji , Mafune Kosuke , Okawara Makoto , Kuwamura Mami , Matsugaki Ryutaro , Ishimaru Tomohiro , Igarashi Yu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Restricting the movement of the public to gathering places and limiting close physical contact are effective measures against COVID-19 infection. In Japan, states of emergency have been declared in specific prefectures to reduce public movement and control COVID-19 transmission. We investigated how COVID-19 infection related experiences including people with a history of infection, people with a history of close contact, and people whose acquaintances have been infected, affected self-restraint from social behaviors during the second state of emergency in Japan.

Methods
A prospective cohort study was conducted among workers aged 20–65 years using data from an internet survey. The baseline survey was conducted on December 22–25, 2020, and a follow-up survey was on February 18–19, 2021. There were 19,051 participants who completed both surveys and were included in the final analysis. We identified eight social behaviors: (1) eating out (4 people or fewer); (2) eating out (5 people or more); (3) gathering with friends and colleagues; (4) day trip; (5) overnight trip (excluding visiting home); (6) visiting home; (7) shopping for daily necessities; and (8) shopping for other than daily necessities. We set self-restraint regarding each social behavior after the second state of emergency was declared in January 2021 as the dependent variable, and COVID-19 infection related experiences as independent variables. Odds ratios were estimated using multilevel logistic regression analyses nested in the prefecture of residence.

Results
Significant differences by COVID-19 infection related experiences were identified: compared to people without COVID-19 related experiences, people with a history of COVID-19 were less likely self-restraint from most social behaviors. People whose acquaintance had been diagnosed with COVID-19 were significantly more likely to refrain from most social behaviors. There was no significant difference in any social behaviors for people with a history of close contact only.

Conclusion
To maximize the effect of a state of emergency, health authorities should disseminate information for each person in the target population, taking into account potential differences related to the infection related experiences.
Gendered health consequences of unemployment in Norway 2000–2017: a register-based study of hospital admissions, health-related benefit utilisation, and mortality
Authors: Heggebø Kristian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The existing literature indicates that unemployment leads to deteriorated mental and somatic health, poorer self-assessed health, and higher mortality. However, it is not clear whether and to what extent the health consequences of unemployment differ between men and women. According to social role theory, women can alternate between several roles (mother, wife, friend, etc.) that make it easier to deal with unemployment, whereas the worker role is more important for men, and unemployment could therefore be more harmful to them. Thus, gender differences in the health consequences of unemployment should decrease as society grows more gender equal. Accordingly, this study examines changes over time in the gendered health consequences of unemployment in Norway.

Methods
Linked Norwegian administrative register data, covering the period from 2000 to 2017, were analysed by means of linear probability models and logistic regression. Four health outcomes were investigated: hospitalisation, receiving sick pay, disability benefit utilisation, and the likelihood of mortality. Two statistical models were estimated: adjusted for (1) age, and (2) additional sociodemographic covariates. All analyses were run split by gender. Three different unemployment cohorts (2000, 2006, and 2011) that experienced similar economic conditions were followed longitudinally until 2017.

Results
The empirical findings show, first, that hospital admission is somewhat more common among unemployed males than among unemployed females. Second, receiving sick pay is much more common post-unemployment for men than for women. Third, excess mortality is higher among unemployed males than among unemployed females. Fourth, there is no gender component in disability benefit utilisation. There is a remarkable pattern of similarity when comparing the results for the three different unemployment cohorts (2000; 2006; 2011). Thus, the gendered health consequences of unemployment have hardly changed since the turn of the century.

Conclusion
This paper demonstrates that the health consequences of unemployment are serious, gendered, and enduring in Norway.
Surgery for pilonidal sinus disease in Norway: training, attitudes and preferences—a survey among Norwegian surgeons
Authors: Odlo Mari , Horn Julie , Xanthoulis Athanasios 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Pilonidal sinus disease (PSD) is frequently observed in young adults. There is no wide consensus on optimal treatment in the literature, and various procedures are used in clinical practice. The objective of this study was to assess current practice, experience, training, and attitudes towards PSD surgery among Norwegian surgeons.

Methods
An online survey on PSD surgery was created and sent to all members of the Norwegian Surgical Association. Categorical data were reported as frequencies and percentages.

Results
Most currently practicing Norwegian surgeons used the Bascom’s cleft lift (93.2%) or minimally invasive procedures (55.4%). Midline excisions with primary closure (19.7%) or secondary healing (22.4%) were still used by some surgeons, though. Most surgeons had received training in PSD surgery supervised by a specialist, but only about half of them felt sufficiently trained. The surgeons generally performed few PSD operations per year. Many considered PSD as a condition of low surgical status and this patient group as underprioritized.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that PSD surgery in Norway has been moving away from midline excisions and towards off-midline flap procedures and minimally invasive techniques. PSD and its treatment have a low status among many Norwegian surgeons. This study calls for attention to this underprioritized group of patients and shows the need for consensus in PSD treatment such as development of national guidelines in Norway. Further investigation on training in PSD and the role of supervision is needed.
Influence of the contact area of the sub-antral space with sinus bone and the Schneiderian membrane on osteogenesis in lateral window sinus elevation surgery: a prospective experiment
Authors: She Xiao , Zhang Dongjiao , Xu Xin , Zhang Zhanwei , Ji Chonghao , Li Zechuan , Song Dawei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Osteogenesis of lateral window sinus elevation surgery is the key to placement of the subsequent implant, excessive collapse of the sub-antral space may adversely affect long-term stability of implants. At present, few studies focus on the influence of the contact area of the sub-antral space on osteogenesis. This study evaluated whether the change in the contact area of the sub-antral space with maxillary sinus bone and the Schneiderian membrane can affect osteogenesis.

Methods
Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were collected of patients requiring maxillary sinus floor elevation (residual bone height < 6 mm) for standard-length implant placement before surgery, after surgery, and at 6-month follow-up visits. The postoperative sub-antral space volume (V1) and surface area (S1), and the remaining volume after six months of healing (V2) were measured. Then, the contact area of sub-antral space with maxillary sinus bone (Sbc) and the Schneiderian membrane (Smc), the absorbed volume during healing (Va), and the percentage of remaining volume (V2%) and absorbed volume (Va%) were calculated. The correlation between anatomical parameters was analyzed using multiple linear regression.

Results
A total of 62 maxillary sinuses from 56 patients were augmented, of which 57 were considered for the final analysis (5 withdrew due to perforation). Multiple linear regression results demonstrated that Sbc was significantly positively correlated with Va (β coefficient = 0.141, p < 0.01) without correlation between Smc and Va (β coefficient =  − 0.046, p = 0.470). There was a positive correlation between Sbc and V2% (β coefficient = 2.269, p < 0.05).

Conclusions
This study confirmed that the size of the Sbc in lateral window sinus elevation surgery affected osteogenesis after six months of healing. Clinicians should assess the sinus contour type preoperatively, then consider whether it is necessary to expand the range of the Schneiderian membrane elevation to avoid excessive collapse of the sub-antral space.
Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), ChiCTR2200057924. Registered 22 March 2022–Retrospectively registered.
Resection of inferior vena cava, abdominal aorta, bilateral common iliac arteries, and bilateral partial external iliac arteries with artificial vessel replacement during radical endometrial cancer surgery: a case report
Authors: Yang Linlin , Yang Hongying , Zhao He , Hu Zaoxiu , Shen Zhenglei , Zhao Lingfeng , Tan Shufen , Zhu Lei , Xu Ruolan , Liu Hui , Ding Chunyan , Qin Yan , Zhao Yanfei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a common malignant tumor of the female reproductive system, often accompanied by lymph node metastasis. Artificial vascular implantation is a common surgical treatment for mediastinal tumors and abdominal aortic aneurysms but is rarely used in gynecological surgery.

Case presentation
A 54-year-old female patient was first admitted to the hospital in January 2018 due to “irregular vaginal bleeding over 3 months”. CT showed a mass in the uterine cavity, and several swollen lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum and pelvic cavity. The initial diagnosis was an endometrial malignant tumor. We performed radical endometrial cancer surgery with parallel resection of inferior vena cava, abdominal aorta, bilateral common iliac arteries, bilateral external iliac arteries, and artificial vessel replacement, which was successful, with good postoperative recovery and no lesion progression at 3 years postoperative follow-up.

Conclusion
This is an early case of gynecological clinical use of prostheses. Through multidisciplinary cooperation, the surgical resection rate of patients with EC in radical surgery was improved without serious fatal complications and achieved a high long-term postoperative survival rate.
Predicting perinatal mortality based on maternal health status and health insurance service using homogeneous ensemble machine learning methods
Authors: Bogale Dawit S. , Abuhay Tesfamariam M. , Dejene Belayneh E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Perinatal mortality in Ethiopia is the highest in Africa, with 68 per 1000 pregnancies intrapartum deaths. It is mainly associated with home delivery, which contributes to more than 75% of perinatal deaths. Financial constraints significantly impact timely access to maternal health care. Financial incentives, such as health insurance, may address the demand- and supply-side factors. This study, hence, aims to predict perinatal mortality based on maternal health status and health insurance service using homogeneous ensemble machine learning methods.

Methods
The data was collected from the Ethiopian demographic health survey from 2011 to 2019 G.C. The data were pre-processed to get quality data that are suitable for the homogenous ensemble machine-learning algorithms to develop a model that predicts perinatal mortality. We have applied filter (chi-square and mutual information) and wrapper (sequential forward and sequential backward) feature selection methods. After selecting all the relevant features, we developed a predictive model using cat boost, random forest, and gradient boosting algorithms and evaluated the model using both objective (accuracy, precision, recall, F1_score, ROC) and subjective (domain expert) based evaluation techniques.

Results
Perinatal mortality prediction models were developed using random forest, gradient boosting, and cat boost algorithms with the overall accuracy of 89.95%, 90.24%, and 82%, respectively. Risk factors of perinatal mortality were identified using feature importance analysis and relevant rules were extracted using the best performing model.

Conclusions
A prediction model that was developed using gradient boosting algorithms was selected for further use in the risk factor analysis, generating relevant rules, development of artifacts, and model deployment because it has registered better performance with 90.24% accuracy. The most determinant risk factors of perinatal mortality were identified using feature importance and some of them are community-based health insurance, mother's educational level, region and place of residence, age, wealth status, birth interval, preterm, smoking cigarette, anemia level, hemoglobin level, and marital status.
High-efficiency production of 5-hydroxyectoine using metabolically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum
Authors: Jungmann Lukas , Hoffmann Sarah Lisa , Lang Caroline , De Agazio Raphaela , Becker Judith , Kohlstedt Michael , Wittmann Christoph 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Extremolytes enable microbes to withstand even the most extreme conditions in nature. Due to their unique protective properties, the small organic molecules, more and more, become high-value active ingredients for the cosmetics and the pharmaceutical industries. While ectoine, the industrial extremolyte flagship, has been successfully commercialized before, an economically viable route to its highly interesting derivative 5-hydroxyectoine (hydroxyectoine) is not existing.

Results
Here, we demonstrate high-level hydroxyectoine production, using metabolically engineered strains of C. glutamicum that express a codon-optimized, heterologous ectD gene, encoding for ectoine hydroxylase, to convert supplemented ectoine in the presence of sucrose as growth substrate into the desired derivative. Fourteen out of sixteen codon-optimized ectD variants from phylogenetically diverse bacterial and archaeal donors enabled hydroxyectoine production, showing the strategy to work almost regardless of the origin of the gene. The genes from Pseudomonas stutzeri (PST) and Mycobacterium smegmatis (MSM) worked best and enabled hydroxyectoine production up to 97% yield. Metabolic analyses revealed high enrichment of the ectoines inside the cells, which, inter alia, reduced the synthesis of other compatible solutes, including proline and trehalose. After further optimization, C. glutamicum Ptuf ectDPST achieved a titre of 74 g L−1 hydroxyectoine at 70% selectivity within 12 h, using a simple batch process. In a two-step procedure, hydroxyectoine production from ectoine, previously synthesized fermentatively with C. glutamicum ectABCopt, was successfully achieved without intermediate purification.

Conclusions
C. glutamicum is a well-known and industrially proven host, allowing the synthesis of commercial products with granted GRAS status, a great benefit for a safe production of hydroxyectoine as active ingredient for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Because ectoine is already available at commercial scale, its use as precursor appears straightforward. In the future, two-step processes might provide hydroxyectoine de novo from sugar.
Rise of the natural red pigment ‘prodigiosin’ as an immunomodulator in cancer
Authors: Anwar Mohammed Moustapha , Albanese Chris , Hamdy Nadia M. , Sultan Ahmed S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer is a heterogeneous disease with multifaceted drug resistance mechanisms (e.g., tumour microenvironment [TME], tumour heterogeneity, and immune evasion). Natural products are interesting repository of bioactive molecules, especially those with anticancer activities. Prodigiosin, a red pigment produced bySerratia marcescens, possesses inherent anticancer characteristics, showing interesting antitumour activities in different cancers (e.g., breast, gastric) with low or without harmful effects on normal cells. The present review discusses the potential role of prodigiosin in modulating and reprogramming the metabolism of the various immune cells in the TME, such as T and B lymphocytes, tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs), natural killer (NK) cells, and tumour-associated dendritic cells (TADCs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) which in turn might introduce as an immunomodulator in cancer therapy.
Establishment and characterization of a new intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell line derived from a Chinese patient
Authors: Miao Xin , Hu Jinjing , Chai Changpeng , Tang Huan , Zhao Zhenjie , Luo Wei , Zhou Wence , Xu Hao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPatients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) require chemotherapy due to late detection, rapid disease progression, and low surgical resection rate. Tumor cell lines are extremely important in cancer research for drug discovery and development. Here, we established and characterized a new intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cell line, ICC-X1. STR testing confirmed the absence of cross-contamination and high similarity to the original tissue. ICC-X1 exhibited typical epithelial morphology and formed tumor spheres in the suspension culture. The population doubling time was approximately 48 h. The cell line had a complex hypotriploid karyotype. The cell line exhibited a strong migration ability in vitro and cell inoculation into BALB/c nude mice led to the formation of xenografts. Additionally, ICC-X1 cells were sensitive to gemcitabine and paclitaxel but resistant to 5-fluorouracil and oxaliplatin. RNA sequencing revealed that the upregulated cancer-related genes were mainly enriched in several signaling pathways, including the TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and NF-κB signaling pathway. The downregulated cancer-related genes were mainly enriched in the Rap1 signaling pathway and Hippo signaling pathway among other pathways. In conclusion, we have created a new ICC cell line derived from Chinese patients. This cell line can be used as a preclinical model to study ICC, specifically tumor metastasis and drug resistance mechanisms.
Impact of Malakit intervention on perceptions, knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to malaria among workers in clandestine gold mines in French Guiana: results of multicentric cross-sectional surveys over time
Authors: Longchamps Cécile , Galindo Muriel Suzanne , Lambert Yann , Sanna Alice , Mutricy Louise , Garancher Laure , Adenis Antoine , Nacher Mathieu , Suarez-Mutis Martha , Cairo Hedley , Hiwat Helen , Vreden Stephen , Douine Maylis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundClandestine gold miners remain key hosts for malaria in French Guiana (FG) and contribute to imported malaria cases in Suriname and Brazil. The Malakit intervention, implemented in FG borders with Suriname and Brazil, provided gold miners with training on malaria and kits for self-diagnosis and self-treatment. Having shown a likely impact on malaria transmission, Suriname has now implemented it in routine care for cross-border moving populations. However, a decrease in malaria transmission is frequently associated with a decrease in risk perception, knowledge, and good practices regarding malaria. This study aims to describe the evolution of the perceptions, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to malaria among clandestine gold miners between 2015 and 2019, and to estimate the impact of Malakit on the FG/Suriname border.MethodsThe primary outcome was the overall KAP score over time and among participants and not participants in the Malakit intervention. A propensity score matching analysis and an inverse probability of treatment weighing analysis were used to estimate the Average Treatment effect on the Treated and the Average Treatment Effect of Malakit, respectively.ResultsPerception and knowledge scores were significantly lower in 2019 compared to 2015 (− 0.27 and − 0.23 points, respectively, p < 0.001) while attitude and practice scores were higher (+ 0.16 and + 0.47 points, respectively, p < 0.001). The overall KAP score was significantly higher among participants in Malakit with both propensity score matching (+ 0.72 points, 95%IC [0.29; 1.15]) and inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis (+ 0.70 points, 95%IC [0.34; 1.05]).ConclusionA decrease in perception and knowledge about malaria but an improvement of attitudes and practices as the incidence of malaria decreased are observed. The Malakit intervention seems to have a significant positive impact on the overall KAP related to malaria. The integration of this strategy into malaria control programmes could help to improve the KAP, even in areas where malaria is nearly eliminated, through optimal training and health empowerment.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT03695770.