bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three novel antioxidant peptides isolated from C-phycocyanin against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in zebrafish via Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Fenghua , Zhang Yun , Qiu Yuezi , Yang Fanghao , Liu Guoxiang , Dong Xiaolei , Chen Guang , Cao Can , Zhang Qian , Zhang Shanshan , Li Bing 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundC-phycocyanin (C-PC), a phycobiliprotein from Spirulina platensis, has been confirmed to be an effective antioxidant. Duing to the large molecular weight protein, C-PC is hardly absorbed in the human gut and easy coagulates into lumps. In light of this, highly pure, easy absorption, and small molecular weight polypeptides has won the attention in the recent past. However, there are few studies on the C-PC bioactive peptides. Thus, the objective of this study was find natural multifunctional antioxidant peptides from C-PC and demonstrate their mechanisms.MethodIn this study, novel antioxidant peptides from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-PC were isolated and purified by using a multi-bioassay-guided method. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging in vitro and antioxidant zebrafish model in vivo were used to evaluate the antioxidant activities. Furthermore, the underlying molecular mechanisms of these peptides were investigated by measuring the level of ROS, MDA, SOD, CAT and gene expression in Nrf2 signaling pathway.ResultsTotal three novel active peptides, MHLWAAK (Met-His-Leu-Trp-Ala-Ala-Lys), MAQAAEYYR (Met-Ala-Gln-Ala-Ala-Glu-Tyr-Tyr-Arg), and MDYYFEER (Met-ASP-Tyr-Tyr-Phe-Glu-Glu-Arg) were isolated and purified from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-PC. These synthesized peptides displayed high DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability. In addition, in a zebrafish model, the three peptides significantly protected zebrafish embryos from H2O2-induced oxidative injury without toxicity by inhibiting ROS generation, preventing MDA formation, and upregulating the activities of SOD and CAT. Further experiments showed that these peptides could significantly regulated oxidative stress via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.ConclusionThis study indicates that the antioxidant peptides from C-PC could serve as powerful antioxidants for preventing and treating various diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Arterial site selection for measurement of mean arterial pressure in septic shock patients on high-dose norepinephrine
Authors: Bhaskar Bhanuprakash , Gurjar Mohan , Mishra Prabhaker , Azim Afzal , Poddar Banani , Baronia Arvind K. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe guidelines of the Surviving Sepsis Campaign suggest using invasive blood pressure (IBP) measurement in septic shock patients, without specifying for a preferred arterial site for accuracy in relation to the severity of septic shock. The objective of this study was to determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP) gradient between the femoral and radial artery sites in septic shock patients.MethodThis prospective study was carried out at a 20-bed ICU in a university hospital. Simultaneous MAP measurements at femoral and radial arterial sites were obtained in septic shock patients receiving norepinephrine (≥0.1 μg/kg/min), with a pre-planned subgroup analysis for those receiving a high dose of norepinephrine (≥0.3 μg/kg/min).ResultsThe median norepinephrine dose across all 80 patients studied, including 59 patients on a high dose, was 0.4 (0.28–0.7) μg/kg/min. Overall, simultaneous measurement of MAP (mmHg) at the femoral and radial arterial sites produced mean (95% CI) MAP values of 81 (79–83) and 78 (76–80), respectively, with a mean difference of 3.3 (2.67–3.93), p &lt; 0.001. In Bland–Altman analysis of MAP measurements, the detected effect sizes were 1.14 and 1.04 for the overall and high-dose cohorts, respectively, which indicates a significant difference between the measurements taken at each of the two arterial sites. The Pearson correlation coefficient indicated a weak but statistically significant correlation between MAP gradient and norepinephrine dose among patients receiving a high dose of norepinephrine (r = 0.289; p = 0.026; 95% CI 0.036–0.508).ConclusionIn septic shock patients, MAP readings were higher at the femoral site than at the radial site, particularly in those receiving a high dose of norepinephrine.Clinical trial registration[ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT03475667].
MTHFR polymorphism's influence on the clinical features and therapeutic effects in patients with migraine: An observational study
Authors: Guo Jianhao , Hao Xing , Wang Rongrong , Lian Ke , Jiang Jun , Chen Na , Feng Zhiying , Rao Yuefeng 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveOur study aimed to evaluate the influence of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphism on the clinical features and therapeutic effects in patients with migraine.MethodsThe data of 135 patients with migraine were collected from January 2021 to December 2021. The MTHFR C677T polymorphism was analyzed. The pain intensity was evaluated using a numerical rating scale (NRS) during treatment. The levels of folic acid, homocysteine (Hcy), vitamin B12, interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, and ferritin, and changes of NRS were compared between folic acid and conventional treatment groups stratified by different genotypes of MTHFR in migraine patients.ResultsThe levels of Hcy and ferritin in male patients were higher than that in female patients (P &lt; 0.05); Compared with CC and CT genotype groups, the TT genotype group showed significantly higher Hcy levels (P &lt; 0.05) and lower folic acid levels (P &lt; 0.05); In both folic acid and conventional treatment groups, a significant decrease in NRS score was observed in different genotypes post-treatment (P &lt; 0.05). Patients with TT genotype in the folic acid treatment group showed better therapeutic efficacy than conventional treatment group (P &lt; 0.05). There is no significant difference in the therapeutic efficacy in other genotypes between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThe MTHFR C677T genotyping may provide a new method to guide and optimize individualized medication for migraine patients.
The microbiota-gut- hippocampus axis
Authors: Salami Mahmoud , Soheili Masoud 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionIt is well known that the intestinal bacteria substantially affect physiological processes in many body organs. Especially, through a bidirectional communication called as gut-microbiota-brain axis, the gut microbiota deeply influences development and function of the nervous system. Hippocampus, as a part of medial temporal lobe, is known to be involved in cognition, emotion, and anxiety. Growing evidence indicates that the hippocampus is a target of the gut microbiota. We used a broad search linking the hippocampus with the gut microbiota and probiotics.MethodsAll experimental studies and clinical trials published until end of 2021 were reviewed. Influence of the gut microbiota on the behavioral, electrophysiological, biochemical and histological aspects of the hippocampus were evaluated in this review.ResultsThe effect of disrupted gut microbiota and probiotic supplements on the microbiota-hippocampus link is also considered. Studies show that a healthy gut microbiota is necessary for normal hippocampus dependent learning and memory and synaptic plasticity. The known current mechanisms are production and modulation of neurotrophins, neurotransmitters and receptors, regulation of intracellular molecular processes, normalizing the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory and oxidative/antioxidant factors, and histological stability of the hippocampus. Activity of the hippocampal neuronal circuits as well as behavioral functions of the hippocampus positively respond to different mixtures of probiotic bacteria.DiscussionGrowing evidence from animal researches indicate a close association between the hippocampus with the gut microbiota and probiotic bacteria as well. However, human studies and clinical trials verifying such a link are scant. Since the most of papers on this topic have been published over the past 3 years, intensive future research awaits.
Prognostic significance of steroid response in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia: The CCCG-ALL-2015 study
Authors: Chu Jinhua , Cai Huaju , Cai Jiaoyang , Bian Xinni , Cheng Yumei , Guan Xianmin , Chen Xiaoqian , Jiang Hua , Zhai Xiaowen , Fang Yongjun , Zhang Lei , Tian Xin , Zhou Fen , Wang Yaqin , Wang Lingzhen , Li Hong , Kwan Alex Leung Wing , Yang Minghua , Yang Hanfang , Zhan Aijun , Wang Ningling , Hu Shaoyan 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionWhether steroid response is an independent risk factor for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between response to dexamethasone and prognosis in children with ALL.MethodsWe analyzed the data of 5,161 children with ALL who received treatment in accordance with the Chinese Children’s Cancer Group ALL-2015 protocol between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2018, in China. All patients received dexamethasone for 4 days as upfront window therapy. Based on the peripheral lymphoblast count on day 5, these patients were classified into the dexamethasone good response (DGR) and dexamethasone poor response (DPR) groups. A peripheral lymphoblast count ≥1× 109/L indicated poor response to dexamethasone.ResultsThe age, white blood cell counts, prevalence of the BCR/ABL1 and TCF3/PBX1 fusion genes, and rates of recurrence in the central nervous system were higher in the DPR than in the DGR group (P&lt;0.001). Compared to the DPR group, the DGR group had a lower recurrence rate (18.6% vs. 11%) and higher 6-year event-free survival (73% vs. 83%) and overall survival (86% vs. 92%) rates; nevertheless, subgroup analysis only showed significant difference in the intermediate-risk group (P&lt;0.001).DiscussionResponse to dexamethasone was associated with an early treatment response in our study. In the intermediate-risk group, dexamethasone response added a prognostic value in addition to minimal residual disease, which may direct early intervention to reduce the relapse rate.
Comparison of chemotherapy regimens plus rituximab in adult Burkitt lymphoma: A single-arm meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Xiaoxuan , Liu Yu , Liu Ruyu , Liu Jiaxin , Yan Xiaojing , Qian Liren 
Published: December 2022

Background and aimGiven the paucity of evidence-based treatment recommendations, the most appropriate first-line regimen for adult Burkitt lymphoma is currently undefined. We aimed to identify the optimal treatment regimen containing rituximab for adult Burkitt lymphoma patients.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched in December 2021 (10). We included all studies for the treatment of Burkitt lymphoma including rituximab. We excluded studies of patients aged ≤14 years old and those with sample numbers ≤10 patients. Random-effects models were used to compare different chemotherapy regimens regarding estimated 2-year overall survival (OS) rate, 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate, and overall response rate (ORR).ResultsA total of 17 studies were included in this meta-analysis and divided into four groups: CODOX-M/IVAC, DA-EPOCH, GMALL-B-ALL/NHL2002, and Hyper-CVAD. DA-EPOCH was associated with a significantly higher 2-year OS rate [0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.86–1.00]. There was no significant difference in the 2-year PFS rates (0.81, 95% CI 0.76–0.85) and ORR (0.90, 95% CI 0.87–0.94) between these four treatment regimens.ConclusionsThe meta-analysis indicates that DA-EPOCH could be more effective in providing curative treatment for adult Burkitt lymphoma patients, especially without CNS and BM involvement considering OS time. Due to the types of studies and the limited number of included studies, bias should be acknowledged and a randomized controlled trial (RCT) needs to be performed to further identify the optimal treatment regimen for such patients.
Minor histological components predict the recurrence of patients with resected stage I acinar- or papillary-predominant lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhang Qian , Zhang Tiantian , Li Li , Xu Chunhua 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveInvasive lung adenocarcinoma is composed of five different histological subgroups with diverse biological behavior and heterogeneous morphology, the acinar/papillary-predominant lung adenocarcinomas are the most common subgroups and recognized as an intermediate-grade group. In the real world, clinicians primarily consider predominant patterns and ignore the impact of minor components in the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. The study evaluated the clinicopathologic characteristics of the lepidic, solid, and micropapillary patterns as non-predominant components and whether the minimal patterns had prognostic value on acinar/papillary-predominant lung adenocarcinomas.MethodsA total of 153 acinar/papillary-predominant lung adenocarcinoma patients with tumor size ≤4 cm were classified into four risk subgroups based on the presence of lepidic and micropapillary/solid components: MP/S−Lep+, MP/S+Lep+, MP/S−Lep−, and MP/S+Lep− groups. The Cox-proportional hazard regression model was used to assess disease-free survival (DFS).ResultsThe risk subgroups based on the non-predominant patterns were associated with differentiation (P = 0.001), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.001), and recurrence (P = 0.003). In univariate analysis, DFS was correlated with non-predominant components (P = 0.014), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.001), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (P = 0.001), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (P = 0.012). In the multivariate analysis, non-predominant components (P = 0.043) and PLR (P = 0.032) were independent prognostic factors for DFS. The 5-year survival rates of MP/S−Lep+, MP/S+Lep+, MP/S−Lep− and MP/S+Lep− subgroups were 93.1%,92.9%,73.1%,61.9%, respectively. The MP/S−Lep+ subgroup had the favorable prognosis than MP/S+Lep− subgroup with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.002). As minor components, the lepidic patterns were a protective factor, and the solid and micropapillary components were poor factors. The recurrence was related to the presence of non-predominant patterns rather than their proportion. Adjuvant chemotherapy did not significantly improve the prognosis of the MP/S+Lep- subgroup (P = 0.839).ConclusionsRegardless of the proportion, the presence of micropapillary/solid components and the absence of lepidic patterns are aggressive factors of DFS in patients with resected stage I acinar- or papillary-predominant lung adenocarcinoma.
A pyroptosis-related gene signature for prognostic and immunological evaluation in breast cancer
Authors: Zhong Yue , Peng Fu , Luo Xiaoru , Wang Xuan , Yang Bowen , Tang Xinglinzi , Xu Zheng , Ren Linlin , Wang Zhiyu , Peng Cheng , Wang Neng 
Published: December 2022

PurposePyroptosis exerts an undesirable impact on the clinical outcome of breast cancer. Since any single gene is insufficient to be an appropriate marker for pyroptosis, our aim is to develop a pyroptosis-related gene (PRG) signature to predict the survival status and immunological landscape for breast cancer patients.MethodsThe information of breast cancer patients was retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the gene expressions of this signature in breast cancer. Its prognostic value was evaluated by univariate Cox analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, receiver operating characteristics (ROCs), univariate/multivariate analysis, and nomogram. Analyses of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were performed to explore its potential biological function in breast cancer. The potential correlation between this signature and tumor immunity was revealed based on single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms.ResultsA PRG signature containing GSDMC, GZMB, IL18, and TP63 was created in a TCGA training cohort and validated in two validation GEO cohorts GSE58812 and GSE37751. Compared with a human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A, the expression levels of GSDMC, GZMB and IL18 were upregulated, while TP63 was found with lower expression level in breast cancer cells SK-BR-3, BT-549, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 using RT-qPCR assay. Based on univariate and multivariate Cox models, ROC curve, nomogram as well as calibration curve, it was revealed that this signature with high-risk score could independently predict poor clinical outcomes in breast cancer. Enrichment analyses demonstrated that the involved mechanism was tightly linked to immune-related processes. SsGSEA, ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithms further pointed out that the established model might exert an impact on immune cell abundance, immune cell types and immune-checkpoint markers. Furthermore, individuals with breast cancer responded differently to these therapeutic agents based on this signature.ConclusionsOur data suggested that this PRG signature with high risk was tightly associated with impaired immune function, possibly resulting in an unfavorable outcome for breast cancer patients.
Dispensing of psychotropic drugs in the Brazilian capital city before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2018–2020)
Authors: Escalante Saavedra Pamela Alejandra , Galato Dayani , de Souza Silva Calliandra Maria , Rodrigues da Silva Izabel Cristina , da Silva Emília Vitoria 
Published: December 2022

Objective: Evaluate the data on the psychotropic drugs dispensed by private community pharmacies before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.Methods: This cross-sectional study compared the quarterly and annual consumption of psychotropic drugs per Defined Daily Dose per 1000 inhabitants-day (DHD). Interrupted time series were also constructed to expose changes in the consumption pattern in the periods before and after March 2020.Results: Among the 20 most consumed psychoactive drugs, 12 were antidepressants, for example, escitalopram (DHD 7.996 and 10.626; p &lt; 0.001), and sertraline (DHD 6.321 and 8.484; p &lt; 0.001), in addition to the hypnotic zolpidem (DHD 6.202 and 8.526; p &lt; 0.001). The time series reveals (R2 value) a variation in drug dispensing, in DHD values, during the pandemic.Conclusion: Despite the higher variance, a significant increase is clearly seen in the consumption trends of psychoactive drugs, particularly antidepressants, consistent with the pandemic’s influence on the general population’s mental health.
Voice efficiency for different voice qualities combining experimentally derived sound signals and numerical modeling of the vocal tract
Authors: Fleischer Mario , Rummel Stefanie , Stritt Fiona , Fischer Johannes , Bock Michael , Echternach Matthias , Richter Bernhard , Traser Louisa 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:Concerning voice efficiency considerations of different singing styles, from western classical singing to contemporary commercial music, only limited data is available to date. This single-subject study attempts to quantify the acoustic sound intensity within the human glottis depending on different vocal tract configurations and vocal fold vibration.Methods:Combining Finite-Element-Models derived from 3D-MRI data, audio recordings, and electroglottography (EGG) we analyzed vocal tract transfer functions, particle velocity and acoustic pressure at the glottis, and EGG-related quantities to evaluate voice efficiency at the glottal level and resonance characteristics of different voice qualities according to Estill Voice Training®.Results:Voice qualities Opera and Belting represent highly efficient strategies but apply different vowel strategies and should thus be capable of predominate orchestral sounds. Twang and Belting use similar vowels, but the twang vocal tract configuration enabled the occurrence of anti-resonances and was associated with reduced vocal fold contact but still partially comparable energy transfer from the glottis to the vocal tract. Speech was associated with highly efficient glottal to vocal tract energy transfer, but with the absence of psychoactive strategies makes it more susceptible to noise interference. Falsetto and Sobbing apply less efficiently. Falsetto mainly due to its voice source characteristics, Sobbing due to energy loss in the vocal tract. Thus technical amplification might be appropriate here.Conclusion:Differences exist between voice qualities regarding the sound intensity, caused by different vocal tract morphologies and oscillation characteristics of the vocal folds. The combination of numerical analysis of geometries inside the human body and experimentally determined data outside sheds light on acoustical quantities at the glottal level.
The localization of the alkaloids in Coptis chinensis rhizome by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry
Authors: He Fan , Huang Yu-Feng , Dai Wei , Qu Xian-You , Lu Jing-Guang , Lao Chi-Chou , Luo Wen-Hui , Sun Dong-Mei , Wei Mei , Xiao Sheng-Yuan , Xie Ying , Liu Liang , Zhou Hua 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundUnderstanding the spatial distribution of active compounds can effectively evaluate the quality of decoction pieces of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Traditional methods are economical and practical but lack chemical information on the original distribution. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), with the advantage of non-destructive detection of samples, can directly analyze the distribution of chemical compounds on the surface of various samples.MethodsIn this study, TOF-SIMS image analysis technology was used to detect TCM for the first time. Taking Coptis rhizome (CR) as an example, a commonly used TCM, the distribution of the compounds in the cross-section of CR was studied. Meanwhile, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLCQQQ-MS/MS) was used to verify the results of TOF-SIMS.ResultsThe distribution of nine active compounds: berberine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, tetrahydricheilanthifolinium, and oxyberberine, was well imaged in the cross-section of CR by TOF-SIMS. The content of berberine and epiberberine was the highest; Palmatine distribution in the pith was more than that in other parts; Oxyberberine was mainly concentrated in the cork and xylem rays. Normalization analysis showed contents of these compounds increased along with the growth years. The result was consistent with UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS.ConclusionThe TOF-SIMS method can display the spatial distribution status of the active compounds of herbs, providing a basis for selecting the medicine site with non-destructive and fast detection.