bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new Modified Heterocyclic-Magnetite Chitosan Nanocomposite for Efficient Alizarin Red Dye Removal: Adsorption Analysis and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Abuessawy Asmaa , Fouda Amr , Abdel-Rahman Adel A.-H. , Hawata Mohamed A. , Hamad Nora A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlizarin Red (AR) is one of the most colored hazardous industrial dyes. For effective removal of AR, a new sorbent of modified heterocyclic-magnetite chitosan nanocomposite labeled as AOC@MC was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, TGA, XRD, BET, TEM,SAED pattern and SEM-EDX. Effect of contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage, initial Alizarine Red concentration and temperature was investigated. The maximum AR removal was 98.9% and attained at optimum conditions which were pH = 3.0, contact time = 50 min., and adsorbent dosage = 0.03 g/L. The findings revealed that at pH 3 and 30 °C, the maximum adsorption capacity was approximately 162 mg/g. Within 50 min, equilibrium adsorption was attained. A pseudo-second-order equation might be used to fit the kinetic data that was acquired at the optimal pH level of 3. Langmuir adsorption isotherms could accurately represent the adsorption process. The antimicrobial properties of the functionalized sorbent AOC@MC and its heterocyclic base AOC were characterized by determining the zone of inhibition (ZOI) against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia as a model for Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively. AOC@MC exhibits promising activity with clear zones of 20.1 ± 0.2 and 17.6 ± 0.4 mm for S. aureus and K. pneumonia respectively. Overall, the modified sorbent AOC@MC was efficient on AR dye removal and antibacterial activity compared to the corresponding heterocyclic compound AOC.
Safety, feasibility, and quality of thulium laser en-bloc resection for treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Assem Ahmed , Kassem Ayman , Sherif Mohamed , Lotfi Amr , Abdelwahed Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Trans-Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumors (TURBT) is a critical step in diagnosis, staging and treatment of bladder tumors. Conventional TURBT (cTURBT) involves the electro-resection of the tumor into small fragments. This technique leads to concerns about the completeness of resection, under-staging, bleeding, cancer cell implantation, and most importantly, risk of tumour recurrence. To circumvent this, laser en-bloc resection of bladder tumors has been introduced.

Objectives
Assessment of the safety, feasibility, and quality of Thulium Laser En-bloc Resection of Tumors (TmL-ERBT) for treatment of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) in various urinary bladder walls as a primary endpoint. The secondary endpoints were to investigate the feasibility of thulium laser use in the re-staging cystoscopy and to evaluate the learning curve of TmL-ERBT.

Methods
This is a prospective observational study including all newly diagnosed patients, above 18 years old, with a urinary bladder mass ≤ 4 cm in maximal dimension (measured via bladder ultrasound or CT or MRI). All patients underwent TmL-ERBT under regional anaesthesia in a lithotomy position. All intraoperative complications such as obturator nerve reflex, bladder perforation, and significant bleeding were recorded. Postoperative variables such as the mean catheterization time, bladder irrigation fluid volume and duration, and the mean of hospital stay as well as the postoperative complications were recorded. All patients were risk stratified and managed according to EUA guidelines then followed by a surveillance regimen per 3 months for 6 months.

Results
The study included 23 patients with a mean age of 53 ± 15.8 years. While 15 patients (65%) had a single tumor, the rest had multiple tumors, ranging from 2 to 3 in number with a total of 36 lesions. No cases required conversion to cTURBT and none of them experienced obturator nerve reflex or bladder perforation. Only one patient (4.3%) had an attack of clot urine retention. The mean hospitalization time was 31.2 ± 14.4 h and the mean catheterization time was 20.4 ± 13.3 h. The Detrusor muscle was present in 20 patients (87%) and the remaining 3 patients required a re-staging cystoscopy which was performed efficiently using thulium laser. None of the treated patients developed tumour recurrence during the follow-up period. In analysis, the duration of complete resection of 2–4 cm tumours was 23–27 min after the 7th case with a resection rate of 0.12–0.15 cm/min.

Conclusion
TmL-ERBT is safe and feasible for complete resection of NMIBC with a short learning curve and adequate cancer control.
Kriterien der Übergangsempfehlung bei Kindern mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf: Die Bedeutung kindbezogener, familiärer und schulstruktureller Merkmale im Vergleich
Authors: Lintorf Katrin , Schürer Sina 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungAm Ende einer inklusiven Grundschulzeit können Kinder mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf (SPF) in die 5. Klasse einer Regel- oder Förderschule wechseln. In vielen Bundesländern liegt die Entscheidung darüber bei den Eltern. Die Lehrkräfte beraten sie dabei und sprechen eine Empfehlung aus, der die Eltern oftmals auch dann folgen, wenn diese für sie unverbindlich ist. Für Kinder ohne SPF weist die Empfehlung entgegen rechtlichen Vorgaben nicht nur einen Zusammenhang mit kindbezogenen, sondern auch mit familiären sowie schulstrukturellen Merkmalen auf und führt daher zu sozialer und regionaler Ungleichheit am Grundschulübergang. Für Kinder mit SPF ist dies unerforscht. In leitfadengestützten narrativ-episodischen Interviews wurden 12 Regel- bzw. Sonderpädagog/innen aus Nordrhein-Westfalen zum Übergang eines Kindes mit SPF befragt. In der inhaltsanalytischen Auswertung erwiesen sich alle drei Kategorien von Kriterien als empfehlungsrelevant, dies jedoch in unterschiedlicher Gewichtung und in Abhängigkeit von der empfohlenen Schulart (inklusiv vs. exklusiv). Schulstrukturelle Kriterien (v. a. Fördermöglichkeiten an der Regelschule) spielten unerwarteterweise eine ebenso große Rolle für die Empfehlung wie kindbezogene Kriterien (v. a. Leistung, Arbeitsverhalten, Persönlichkeitsmerkmale). Familiäre Kriterien (v. a. Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten) kamen weit weniger zur Sprache, waren aber vor allem bei der Empfehlung einer Förderschule relevant. Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund sozialer und regionaler Bildungsungleichheit diskutiert.
Eine Analyse des Studienerfolgs im Masterstudium auf der Basis von Umfrage- und administrativen Prüfungsdaten: Ein Vergleich von fünf Masterstudiengängen am Fachbereich Wirtschaftswissenschaft der Freien Universität Berlin
Authors: Rendtel Ulrich , Lee Yeonjoo , Gerks Hartmut 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungIn einer Umfrage unter den neu immatrikulierten Master-Studierenden wurden unter anderem der soziale Hintergrund, die Studienfinanzierung und die Motivation für den gewählten Studiengang erfragt. Durch die Verknüpfung von administrativen Prüfungsdaten mit den neuen Umfragedaten wird die Analyse der Studienverläufe und des Studienerfolgs im Zusammenhang mit individuellen Merkmalen ermöglicht. Damit vermeiden wir die Schwachstellen üblicher studentischer Befragungen mit hohem Non-response und Erinnerungsfehlern. Dieser Ansatz wird hier zum Vergleich von fünf Masterstudiengängen am Fachbereich (FB) Wirtschaftswissenschaft der Freien Universität Berlin (FU Berlin) benutzt. Nach der ersten Befragung wurden die Studierenden über die ersten 6 Fachsemester hinsichtlich des Erwerbs von Leistungspunkten (LP), dem Abschluss ihres Masterstudiums sowie den dabei erzielten Noten begleitet.In den verknüpften Daten konnte ein Erfolgsbias der teilnahmebereiten Studierenden der Kohorte festgestellt werden, der aber durch eine geeignete Gewichtung über die Responserate gut beherrschbar ist. Wir vergleichen die Studiengänge in verschiedenen Phasen: Studieneingangsphase, Erreichen der Regelstudienzeit und Abschluss bis zum 6 Fachsemester. Weiterhin wird der Einfluss von Hintergrundmerkmalen auf die erreichte Note beim Studienabschluss untersucht. In der Studieneingangsphase ergeben sich deutliche Unterschiede zwischen den Studiengängen. Konditioniert man allerdings auf den Studienerfolg im ersten Semester, so verschwinden diese Unterschiede für die zweite Studienphase und den Abschluss des Studiums. Überraschend ist der geringe Einfluss der Bachelor-Note auf den Studienerfolg und die erzielte Master-Note. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Möglichkeit auf, einen möglichen Studienabbruch schon relativ sicher anhand der erzielten LP in der Studieneingangsphase zu erkennen.
Doing Digitality in Family
Authors: Michel Maja 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit familialen Alltagspraktiken, die sich aus der Nutzung digitaler Dinge ergeben. Um diese Praktiken systematisch betrachten zu können, werden die Begriffe Digitalisierung und Digitalität mithilfe der Heuristik Doing Digitality in einer spezifischen Form unterschieden und auf die Familie als sozialpädagogischen Ort angewandt. Daraus ableitend können digitale Familienpraktiken wie z. B. Sharenting, bei der Eltern Informationen über sich selbst und ihre Kinder online teilen, in den Blick genommen werden.
The Effect of taVNS on the Cerebello-Thalamo-Cortical Pathway: a TMS Study
Authors: van Midden Vesna M. , Pirtošek Zvezdan , Kojović Maja 
Published: August 2023

AbstractfMRI studies show activation of cerebellum during transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS); however, there is no evidence whether taVNS induced activation of the cerebellum translates to the cerebellar closed loops involved in motor functions. We assessed the propensity of taVNS at 25 Hz (taVNS25) and 100 Hz (taVNS100) to modulate cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathways using transcranial magnetic stimulation. In our double blind within-subjects study thirty-two participants completed one visit during which cerebellar brain inhibition (CBI) was assessed at baseline (no stimulation) and in a randomized order during taVNS100, taVNS25, and sham taVNS (xVNS). Generalized linear mixed models with gamma distribution were built to assess the effect of taVNS on CBI. The estimated marginal means of linear trends during each taVNS condition were computed and compared in a pairwise fashion with Benjamini-Hochberg correction for multiple comparisons. CBI significantly increased during taVNS100 compared to taVNS25 and xVNS (p = 0.0003 and p = 0.0465, respectively). The taVNS current intensity and CBI conditioning stimulus intensity had no significant effect on CBI. taVNS has a frequency dependent propensity to modulate the cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway. The cerebellum participates in closed-loop circuits involved in motor, cognitive, and affective operations and may serve as an entry for modulating effects of taVNS.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ELF051 Alleviates Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea by Regulating Intestinal Inflammation and Gut Microbiota
Authors: Liang Wei , Gao Yansong , Zhao Yujuan , Gao Lei , Zhao Zijian , He Zhongmei , Li Shengyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProbiotics are widely recognized for their ability to prevent and therapy antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). This study was designed to evaluate Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ELF051 ability to prevent colon inflammation and its effect on gut microbial composition in a mouse model of AAD. The mice were intragastrically administered triple antibiotics for 7 days and then subjected to L. plantarum ELF051 for 14 days. The administration of L. plantarum ELF051 ameliorated the pathological changes in the colon tissue, downregulated interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and upregulated IL-10, and increased the intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) level. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum ELF051 also regulated the Toll-like receptor/myeloid differentiation primary response 88/nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cells (TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB) and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/ NF-κB (PI3K/AKT/ NF-κB) inflammatory signaling pathways. 16S rRNA analyses showed that L. plantarum ELF051 increased the abundance and diversity of gut bacteria, restoring gut microbiota imbalance. A Spearman’s rank correlation analysis showed that lactobacilli are closely associated with inflammatory markers and SCFAs. This work demonstrated that L. plantarum ELF051 can attenuate antibiotic-induced intestinal inflammation in a mouse AAD model by suppressing the pro-inflammatory response and modulating the gut microbiota.
Are European Blue Economy ambitions in conflict with European environmental visions?
Authors: Andersen Jesper H. , Al-Hamdani Zyad , Carstensen Jacob , Edelvang Karen , Egekvist Josefine , Kaae Berit C. , Hammer Kathrine J. , Therese Harvey Eva , Leth Jørgen O. , McClintock Will , Murray Ciarán , Olafsson Anton S. , Olsen Jeppe , Sveegaard Signe , Tougaard Jakob 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe report the outcomes of a comprehensive study of the potential consequences of the implementation of the EU Maritime Spatial Planning Directive (MSPD) in Danish waters. The analyses are anchored in a framework developed in support of data-driven Ecosystem-Based Maritime Spatial Planning. The data for the models include not only human stressors but also information on the distribution of ecosystem components ranging from planktonic communities over benthic communities to fish, seabirds and marine mammals. We have established a baseline, based on state-of-the-art data sets, with respect to combined effects upon ecosystem components. Future scenarios for the developments in human stressors were estimated for 2030 and 2050 based on information on existing policies, strategies and plans and were compared to the baseline. In addition, we developed a scenario for implementation of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD), i.e. working towards meeting the objectives of Good Environmental Status. Our results indicate that (1) combined human stressors will possibly increase in 2030 and 2050 compared to the baseline, (2) increased combined human stressors are likely to lead to a worsening of the environmental and ecological status sensu the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the Water Framework Directive (WFD), and (3) the MSPD implementation process appears to conflict with the MSFD and WFD objectives. Accordingly, we are sceptical of claims of an untapped potential for Blue Growth in Danish marine waters.
Endosonographic monitoring of Sphinkeeper® prostheses movements: does physical activity have an impact?
Authors: Dawoud Christopher , Gidl Daniel , Widmann Kerstin Melanie , Pereyra David , Harpain Felix , Kama Berfin , Riss Stefan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Sphinkeeper® procedure for treating faecal incontinence (FI) may be associated with potential implant migration (IM) and dislocation (ID), with considerable variations regarding their occurrence and effects on consecutive functional outcome. This study assessed IM and ID following the Sphinkeeper® procedure and its correlation with physical activity. This was a prospective observational clinical study of ten patients undergoing Sphinkeeper® operation due to FI between August 2020 and November 2020 at the Medical University of Vienna. Patients were followed-up after 1, 2, 3 and 6 months and 1 year postoperatively. Each follow-up visit included endosonographic monitoring of protheses location and manometric examinations. Additionally, functional outcome and physical activity were assessed using validated standardized questionnaires. The median number of prostheses implanted was 10 (IQR 9–10). The St. Mark’s incontinence (SMS) score improved significantly until the last follow-up (p = 0.049), without observing a significant effect on the physical SF-12 score. The median rate of implants leading to IM and ID was 3 (range 1–4) and 2 (range 1–2) after 3 months of follow-up. A strong association of deltaSMS with number of dislocated prostheses at one month after Sphinkeeper® implantation was observed (r = 0.654, p = 0.078). Physical activity, assessed by the international physical activity questionnaire, did not have an impact on the correct prosthesis placement (1 month: p = 0.527; 2 months: p = 0.886; 3 months: p = 0.180; 6 months: p = 0.111). IM and ID of Sphinkeeper® prostheses occurred frequently early after surgery and affected functional outcome negatively. Physical activity did not have an influence on the implants displacement.
Two pyrrole acids isolated from Phyllanthus emblica L. and their bioactivities
Authors: Wang Shu-Hui , Guo Cong , Cui Wen-Jin , Xu Qing-Xia , Zhang Jun , Jiang Jin-Zhu , Liu Yan , Chen Sha , Chen Chang , Cheng Jin-Tang , Liu An 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn undescribed pyrrole acid, 1-(4′-methoxy-4′-oxobutyl)-1 H-pyrrole-2,5-dicarboxylic acid (1) and one known pyrrole acid (2) were isolated from the fruits of Phyllanthus emblica. The structures of these compounds were elucidated via the comprehensive analyses of IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D spectroscopic data. A series of biological assays revealed that compounds 1 and 2 could inhibit LPS-induced over-production of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by reducing the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) in RAW 264.7 cells. Additionally, compounds 1 and 2 were found to reduce lipid deposition and increase the mRNA expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-treated RAW264.7 macrophages.
Graphical abstract
Distress Characteristics in Embankment-Bridge Transition Section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway in Permafrost Regions
Authors: He Peifeng , Niu Fujun , Huang Yunhui , Zhang Saize , Jiao Chenglong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Qinghai-Tibet Railway has been operating safely for 16 years in the permafrost zone and the railroad subgrade is generally stable by adopting the cooling roadbed techniques. However, settlement caused by the degradation of subgrade permafrost in the embankment-bridge transition sections (EBTS) is one of the most representative and severe distresses. A field survey on 440 bridges (including 880 EBTSs) was carried out employing terrestrial laser scanning and ground-penetrating radar for comprehensively assessing all EBTSs in the permafrost zone. The results show that the types of distresses of EBTSs were differential settlement, upheaval mounds of the protection-cone slopes, subsidence of the protection-cone slopes, surface cracks of the protection cones and longitudinal and transverse dislocation of the wing walls. The occurrence rates of these distresses were 78.93, 3.47, 11.56, 3.36, 21.18 and 4.56%, respectively. The most serious problem was differential settlement, and the average differential settlement amount (ADSA) was 15.3 cm. Furthermore, the relationships between differential settlement and 11 influencing factors were examined. The results indicate that ADSA is greater on the northern side of a bridge than on the southern side and on the sunny slope than on the shady slope. It is also greater in the high-temperature permafrost region than in the low-temperature permafrost region and in the high-ice content area than in the low-ice content area. The EBTSs are more influenced by ice content than by ground temperature. The ADSA increases when the embankment height increases, the particle size of subgrade soil decreases and the surface vegetation cover decreases.
Eosinophilic esophagitis—from definition to therapy
Authors: von Arnim Ulrike 
Published: August 2023

SummaryEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder that is characterized clinically by symptoms of esophageal dysfunction and histologically by a dense eosinophilic inflammation of the esophagus. This article provides an overview of the current knowledge in the field of EoE. EoE has seen significant progress in its understanding, including its definition, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Consensus criteria have been established for diagnosing EoE, with symptoms commonly including dysphagia, food impaction, and reflux-like symptoms. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, endoscopy, and histological assessment. Therapeutic strategies for EoE aim to alleviate symptoms, induce and maintain remission, and prevent complications. These strategies include dietary modifications, pharmacotherapy, and endoscopic interventions. Treatment choice depends on disease severity, patient preferences, and comorbidities. Despite progress, challenges persist in EoE management. Long-term outcomes and optimal treatment duration are still under investigation. Research efforts focus on identifying predictive markers for treatment response and developing personalized approaches. In conclusion, EoE is a chronic, progressive and recurrent disease with various clinical manifestations and treatment options. Improved understanding has led to better diagnostic criteria and therapeutic strategies. However, further research is necessary to enhance our understanding of disease pathogenesis, refine treatment algorithms, and optimize long-term outcomes for individuals with EoE.
Synergistic “Anchor-Capture” Enabled by Amino and Carboxyl for Constructing Robust Interface of Zn Anode
Authors: Luo Zhen , Xia Yufan , Chen Shuang , Wu Xingxing , Zeng Ran , Zhang Xuan , Pan Hongge , Yan Mi , Shi Tingting , Tao Kai , Xu Ben Bin , Jiang Yinzhu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile the rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have been recognized as one of the most viable batteries for scale-up application, the instability on Zn anode–electrolyte interface bottleneck the further development dramatically. Herein, we utilize the amino acid glycine (Gly) as an electrolyte additive to stabilize the Zn anode–electrolyte interface. The unique interfacial chemistry is facilitated by the synergistic “anchor-capture” effect of polar groups in Gly molecule, manifested by simultaneously coupling the amino to anchor on the surface of Zn anode and the carboxyl to capture Zn2+ in the local region. As such, this robust anode–electrolyte interface inhibits the disordered migration of Zn2+, and effectively suppresses both side reactions and dendrite growth. The reversibility of Zn anode achieves a significant improvement with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.22% at 1 mA cm−2 and 0.5 mAh cm−2 over 500 cycles. Even at a high Zn utilization rate (depth of discharge, DODZn) of 68%, a steady cycle life up to 200 h is obtained for ultrathin Zn foils (20 μm). The superior rate capability and long-term cycle stability of Zn–MnO2 full cells further prove the effectiveness of Gly in stabilizing Zn anode. This work sheds light on additive designing from the specific roles of polar groups for AZIBs.