bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Street play, wellbeing and mental health from childhood into adulthood
Authors: Nesbit R. , FitzGibbon L. , Dodd H. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThere is growing interest in the role of children’s play in supporting children’s mental health. Children’s opportunitities for play vary according to the space available to them for play, with more adventurous play happening outdoors (Dodd et al., 2021). The area close to children’s home, such as the street outside their home, can provide an important play space but, with increasing traffic, there has been a decrease in the use of local streets for play over the past generation or two. At the same time we have seen significant increases in children’s mental health problems.ObjectivesOur objectives were: 1) to examine how trends in street play have changed over time; 2) to examine how children’s self-reported wellbeing is associated with their use of streets for play; 3) to examine how adult mental health is associated with their childhood street play experiences.MethodsWorking in collaboration with Save the Children and Play England, we surveyed a nationally representative sample of 1000 children and young people aged 6-16 years, 1000 adults aged 18+ and 1000 parents of children aged 6-16 years about children’s play in their local area and their memories of play during their own childhood. All participants also completed measures of wellbeing (children) or mental health (adults). Participants were recruited from Great Britian.ResultsWe found striking differences in the use of streets and local areas for play. For example, across all adults, 62% told us that they regularly played out in their street or area close to home as a child. In contrast 27% of children told us that they regularly play out now. By breaking down the proportion of participants who said they regularly played in their street or local area by their age group, their is a clear decline in outdoor street play over the past 70 years. We asked children about their wellbeing using the Stirling Children’s Wellbeing Scale. Children who said that they regularly played out in their street had higher levels of positive emotion but this was only true for children under 13 years. Adults who told us that they regularly played out in their street or area close to their home as a child had better mental health as adults (lower scores on the K6). Similarly, adults who told us that there was freedom for children to go and explore in the neighbourhood they lived in as a child had better mental health as adults.ConclusionsTaken together these findings suggest that being able to play in the street or area close to home is linked to wellbeing during childhood and early adolescence and further, that having these expriences during childhood may be beneficial for mental health into adulthood. This indicates that when considering how to support the development of good mental health we should keep in mind the importance of children’s opportunities for play and the role that access to their local enviornment plays in supporting play.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Dispositional Optimism in Christian Populations Compared to other Religious Groups: a Scoping Review
Authors: Cheung W. W. L. , Liu C. , Tsang V. W. L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThere are various ways people cope with life events. One can expect generalized positive or negative outcomes across various life domains, called dispositional optimism. This can be explained by attribution theory: how people explain past events, their causations, and outcomes. Understanding attribution styles is important to help people reframe current circumstances and improve mental wellbeing. Our hypothesis is that people of different religious groups may exhibit various levels of optimism and pessimism based on their values, teachings, and practices. Previous research has found that people of Christian faith, or those with a religious faith in general, look to their religion as a way of coping during life adversities. Certain religious practices such as prayers and Church gatherings have been found to improve mental health through increasing dispositional optimism. While the relationship between religiosity and mental health has been previously examined in different religious populations, there are few studies that focused on comparing this relationship across religions.ObjectivesThe objective of this scoping review is to understand the link between religiosity and mental health, focusing primarily on how people of the Christian religion demonstrate dispositional optimism or pessimism when coping with adverse life events, compared to other religious groups or atheists.MethodsThis scoping review included original peer reviewed study articles that studied mental health in terms of dispositional optimism or pessimism in people of Christian religion compared to other religious groups. This review used online databases, Ovid MEDLINE and PsycInfo, and used extraction tables to analyze the results of past research.ResultsThe results of this scoping review revealed that people of Christian religion, especially those high in religiosity, use their religion as a method of coping. This population also showed higher dispositional optimism compared to atheists or those that believe in other religions. However, when compared to other religions such as Buddhism and Muslim, Christian populations showed lower dispositional optimism.ConclusionsIt is evident that religious involvement is linked to aspects of mental health, but comparing the effects of different religions is still a topic of exploration that can be investigated further to allow deeper understanding of their similarities and differences, as well as the mechanisms by which religion can affect mental health. In this review, a gap in the body of knowledge regarding the relationship between religion and pessimism was revealed. Future research directions could include examining whether dispositional pessimism varies across religious groups, as it does not necessarily have a perfectly inverse relationship with optimism.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Is physical activity related to a reduction in the severity of borderline personality disorder through less severe insomnia disorder?
Authors: Krieger V. , St-Amour S. , Bernard P. , Cailhol L. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with severe suffering and insomnia disorder (ID) (Fertuck et al., 2016; Galbiati et al., 2020).ObjectivesThe aim was to investigate the negative association between self-reported physical activity (PA) and the severity of BPD with ID acting as a mediator (St-Amour et al., 2021).MethodsThe role of ID within the association of PA with BPD was tested using mediation analysis with the statistical program R 4.3 (N = 120; RStudio Team, 2020).ResultsTable 1Mediation analysis resultsβsetpLLCIULCIEffect a0.070.051.460.15-0.030.17Effect b0.410.094.60< 0.0010.230.59Effect c0.110.052.160.030.010.21Effect c’0.080.051.700.09-0.010.17Note: β = beta coefficients; se = standard error; t = t-value; p = p-value; LLCI = lower limit confidence interval; ULCI = upper limit confidence interval. Effect c’: The association within the mediation analysis is not significant (β = 0.08, se = 0.05, p = 0.09). Effect a: PA is not significantly associated with ID (β = 0.07, se = 0.05, p = 0.15). Effect b and c: ID (β = 0.41, se = 0.09, p < 0.001) and PA (β = 0.11, se = 0.05, p = 0.03) are significantly associated with the severity of BPD.Image:ConclusionsAccordingly, ID does not appear to affect the association of PA and BPD severity whereas fewer PA and severe ID can nonetheless have a positive association with the symptoms of BPD in independent ways.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Online Social Support and Trait Anxiety and Phubbing in Nurses
Authors: Şafak A. , Oflaz F. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPhubbing with smartphones becoming an integral part of life and sociotelism behavior has emerged as an important academic concern (Chotpitayasunondh et al.,CHB,2016; 63, 9-18). Expectation of social support in social networks: It can be defined as “When the individual is emotionally intense, he/she shares about this situation and emotions and expects to be paid attention to, sincere and friendly approach from the people on social networking sites, and hopes that an environment of support and trust will be created with social networks by seeing that he/she is not alone with more emotional support.” (Uzakgiden et. al., JASR 2019;2 20-24)In the nursing profession, in addition to using the internet for professional requirements, being a member of online social networking sites and spending time on these platforms are increasing.It is important to know the status of phubbing, which damages face-to-face communication understand its effect on patient-nurse communication and nurses communication within the team. Due to the intensity of work life in the nursing profession and the length of hours spent at work, the effort to meet the need for social support virtually may increase phubbing behavior.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the relationship among phubbing, online social support and trait anxiety, and the related factors in nurses.MethodsThe population of the research consists of nurses who actively use their social media accounts. Nurses were accessed by snowball method on online Whatsapp groups, Instagram and Facebook platforms through a digital survey between May and November 2021. Data collected by using an individual descriptive characteristics form, generic scale of phubbing, online social support scale, trait anxiety inventory. Mann-Whitney
U, Kruskal-Wallis H tests, t-test and pearson correlation coefficient was used for data analysis.ResultsThe phubbing scores of the nurses ranged from 15 to 98; the trait anxiety levels of the nurses were at a moderate level. It was observed that marital status, presence of WhatsApp groups with teammates, and being warned about the frequency of phone use from teammates was related to phubbingg (p<0.001). There was a positive moderate correlation between the phubbing score and the online social support score; a weak positive correlation was found between the general phubbing score and the trait anxiety score.ConclusionsIt was determined that social support from social media significantly affected the phubbing behavior of nurses and that trait anxiety mediated this relationship. In future studies, researchers can conduct extensive research on the effect of sociotelism on nurse-patient communication and care. This study was also important in terms of making significant contributions to the literature, where there are only a limited number of studies on phubbing.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The effect of maternal prenatal cannabis exposure on offspring preterm birth: a cumulative meta-analysis
Authors: Adema B. D. , Dachew B. , Pereira G. , Alati R. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMixed results have been reported on the association between prenatal cannabis exposure and preterm birth.ObjectivesThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the magnitude and consistency of associations reported between prenatal cannabis exposure and preterm birth.MethodsThis review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We performed a comprehensive search of the literature on the following electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Psych-INFO, and Web of Science. The revised version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to appraise the methodological quality of the studies included in this review. Inverse variance weighted random effects cumulative meta-analysis was undertaken to pool adjusted odds ratios (AOR) after sequential inclusion of each newly published study over time. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (CI) limits required for a new study to move the cumulative odds ratio to the null were also computed.ResultsA total of 27 observational studies published between 1986 and 2022 were included in the final cumulative meta-analysis. The sample size of the studies ranged from 304 to 4.83 million births. Prenatal cannabis exposure was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth [pooled Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.24-1.48]. The stability threshold was 0.74 (95%CI limit 0.81) by the end of 2022.ConclusionsOffspring exposed to maternal prenatal cannabis use was associated with higher risk of preterm birth and it is strongly unlikely that any new epidemiological studies will change this conclusion. It is also plausible that avoiding cannabis intake during the prenatal period can reduce the risk of preterm birth.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Post-electroconvulsive therapy cognitive alterations
Authors: Douk K. , Belabess I. , Belbachir S. 
Published: August 2023

Introductionectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a medical treatment most often used for patients with severe major depression or bipolar disorder who have not responded to other treatments, as well as for resistant schizophrenia, and consists of brief electrical stimulation of the brain while the patient is under anesthesia. It is usually administered by a team of trained health care professionals, including a psychiatrist, an anesthesiologist and a nurse or physician assistant.The mode of action is not well known, but it is assumed that ECT is associated with a significant reduction in brain connections in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which is associated with a significant decrease in depressive symptoms. This would support the hypothesis that hyper-connectivity in this area of the brain is closely linked to depression.Despite its great effectiveness, this technique remains limited by numerous contraindications and exposes the patient to a multitude of short-, medium- and long-term side effects, notably cognitive disorders.ObjectivesTo shed light on the cognitive disorders affecting mnesic processes, learning and thinking after electroconvulsive therapy.MethodsWe have performed a systematic literature review using the following keywords on the GoogleScholar database: cognitive impairment post electroconvulsive therapy, cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy, electroconvulsive side effects, ECT.ResultsMost of the studies on cognitive disorders after ECT have focused on mnesic abilities, in particular the deterioration of anterograde memory which is at its maximum just after the session and which recovers progressively and spontaneously. The deterioration of retrograde memory, on the other hand, depends on the administered dose, the type and the location of the electrodes, and has a greater tendency to affect recent memories than old ones.Other studies have focused on the speed of the process of information, which is also affected, with a significant decrease, especially in depressed people, a decrease that can be progressively resolved with time. Concerning attentiveness, some studies have noted a minimal decrease, especially in the lateral visual fields, and a perseveration in verbal expression. These studies also noted a deterioration of executive functions with a decrease in performance on the STROOP and MTM tests and also in verbal fluency.ConclusionsThe occurrence and preservation of cognitive deficits after ECT is a much debated subject with many controversial studies, and despite the numerous studies on this subject, we are still far from conclusive and exploitable results, especially with the intricacy of the diversity of parameters, materials and techniques of ECT, and also because of other factors such as individual peculiarities, neurological co-morbidities, and polymedication to psychotropic drugs.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The cognitive impairments of electroconvulsive therapy
Authors: Mellaci M. E. G. , Mellaci E. G. , Vieira M. E. B. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most controversial treatments in medicine, mainly because of its still unknown mechanism of action and uncertainty about cognitive side effects. ECT is used mainly when antidepressant medications do not result in an adequate response in severe depression, and may also be indicated for other disorders. During the acute phase after electroconvulsive therapy there are better cognitive outcomes with unilateral ECT compared to bilateral ECT.ObjectivesThis literature review aims to analyze the validity of electroconvulsive therapy despite the cognitive impairment and effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy.MethodsThe method used was a literary review based on articles published in Scielo and Pubmed. Eighteen electronic articles in English were used in a 10-year time frame, using the term electroconvulsive therapy as descriptors in the title, as well as cognitive impairment in all fields.ResultsWe observed that older individuals benefit the most from ECT, with faster response rates and higher remission rates in rapid responders, on the other hand they have a higher risk of cognitive side effects induced by electroconvulsive therapy. Anterograde and retrograde amnesia usually resolve within months. Recovery from retrograde amnesia may be incomplete, resulting in permanent amnesia for events that occurred close to the time of ECT. Right-sided or bilateral electroconvulsive therapy was more effective in treating depression than left-sided. Patients who used right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy had less impairment of verbal memory and post-ictal recovery and faster reorientation compared to left unilateral and bilateral, whereas left unilateral ECT showed a smaller decline in visual memory and non-verbal tests. Bilateral ECT is more effective and faster acting, but is associated with more cognitive impairments compared to unilateral ECT.ConclusionsWe can conclude that ECT is an effective, safe and tolerable treatment, which results in faster and higher remission rates compared to treatment alone with pharmacotherapy. Cognitive effects are largely transient, usually ending within three months. The decision to use unilateral right, left, or bilateral ECT should be made individually for the patient and should be based on a careful assessment of the relative priorities of efficacy versus minimizing cognitive impairment.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Psychodynamic psychotherapy for schizophrenia spectrum disoders: a case presentation and systematic review
Authors: Kjær J. N. , Rosenbaum B. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPsychodynamic psychotherapy emphasizes the unique history, subjectivity, and psychological complexity of each individual. The core principles in the psychodynamic treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) includes a stable (yet flexible) frame; attention to countertransference; and clarification of experiences, emotions, and relationships including giving psychotic symptoms context in internal and external object relationships.ObjectivesThis study has two aims. First, to present the progress of a patient with chronic schizophrenia treated with psychodynamic psychotherapy. Second, to provide a systematic review of comparative trials that have included psychodynamic psychotherapy as treatment for SSD.MethodsThe case presentation includes information from the therapist’s notes, video footage, and the electronic health record. The systematic review will be conducted in November and December, 2022, and in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. The databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycInfo will be searched for literature.ResultsL, a 25-year-old woman, was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia five years prior to starting psychodynamic psychotherapy at an outpatient unit for SSD. L grew up with a close relationship with her mother, father, and sister. She was bullied in school and clearly remembered being told by her classmates that she was “just L”. When therapy began L had been living with her boyfriend for six months. Voice hallucinations were one of the most interfering symptoms. The most present voice, M, was both her best friend and worst enemy. During psychotic breakdowns M could take control of L’s body. L was incapable of making her own decisions. Small and big decisions were consulted with a family member or the hallucinatory voices. L attended 33 psychotherapy sessions from October, 2020 to November, 2021. In the first six months, sessions were weekly and afterwards biweekly due to L feeling significantly better and she wanted to have more time to study. L benefitted from the structure and clarifying questions from the therapist. Most notably, she broke up with her boyfriend. She started dating and found a new boyfriend. At this point the voice hallucinations and psychotic breakdowns were reduced considerably. In the termination phase the themes were feeling insecure, relationships, and how having been bullied affected her as an adult.Results from the systematic review are not available at the time of submission.ConclusionsIn the present case, psychodynamic psychotherapy was an effective treatment of psychotic symptoms as well as childhood trauma and interpersonal conflicts for an individual with paranoid schizophrenia. It speaks for a broad application of psychodynamic psychotherapy in the treatment of SSD as the therapy both assesses and treats psychotic and non-psychotic symptoms.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Risk Management Project on medication reconciliation within an acute psychiatric unit in Ireland.
Authors: Curtin A.-M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMedication Reconciliation is the formal process for creating the most comprehensive and accurate list of a patient’s current medications and comparing the list to those in the patient notes and medication record. Medication Reconciliation is a time-consuming process and numerous errors can occur during the admission, inpatient stay, transfer and discharge of a patient. Errors in this process can lead to serious clinical outcomes for the patient.ObjectivesThe main aim for undertaking this project is to reduce the risk of medication errors during the admission process, inpatient stay, transfer, and discharge. The ultimate goal of this project is to obtain 100% compliance regarding complete medication reconciliation.MethodsTwo audits were completed in an Irish Acute Psychiatric Unit in May 2021 and February 2022. Ten inpatient clinical notes and corresponding medication records were reviewed. The three stages of Medication Reconciliation were audited. Stage 1 involved collecting the data. This included reviewing all medication information sources on admission and then documenting the Best Possible Medication History. Stage 2 involved confirming the accuracy of the medication history by verifying with one or more sources (e.g. General Practioner, Community Mental Health Team, Pharmacy). Stage 3 involved comparing the Best Possible Medication History with the Precribed Medication List in the patient’s Kardex. A Medication Safety workshop was provided for all psychiatric trainees and consultants within the service and the guidelines regarding the importance of medication reconciliation were discussed.ResultsResultsMay 2021Feb 2022Medication list in Initial Assessment document90%90%Medication Reconciliation completed in Kardex60%70%Source of Medication reconciliation documented100%100%ConclusionsThe audit results demonstrate that there has been an improvement in medication reconciliation during the nine-month period. To obtain 100% compliance, the service needs to continue to highlight the importance of medication reconciliation practise amongst all medical staff through clinical practice, teaching sessions and regular audits.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared