bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Value of gingival crevicular fluid TREM‐1, PGLYRP1, and IL‐1β levels during menopause
Authors: Yakar Nil , Emingil Gülnur , Türedi Asena , Şahin Çağdaş , Köse Timur , Bostanci Nagihan , Silbereisen Angelika 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association of GCF TREM‐1, PGLYRP1, and IL‐1β levels with periodontal health in pre‐ and postmenopausal women.BackgroundTriggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM‐1), activated through its ligand peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), stimulates proinflammatory cytokine production, such as interleukin (IL)‐1β, during periodontal inflammation. Postmenopausal changes may modulate these immune‐inflammatory functions. No clinical study has yet investigated the effect of menopause on TREM‐1, PGLYRP1, and IL‐1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 148 women (age range = 35–65 years), divided into postmenopausal women (PMW) (n = 76, mean age = 54 ± 5 years) and regularly menstruating premenopausal women (RMPW) (n = 72, mean age = 40 ± 4 years). Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. TREM‐1, PGLYRP1, and IL‐1β levels were quantified with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. Pearson's Chi‐squared test and Mann–Whitney‐U test were used to compare categorical and numerical variables, respectively. Spearman's Rho correlation analysis was used to test the linear relationship between variables. Analyte level data were categorized based on the periodontal diagnosis and menopause status (2 × 2 nonparametric factorial ANOVA).ResultsNo significant differences in TREM‐1, PGLYRP1, and IL‐1β levels between PMW and RMPW were observed (p > .05). Mean values of periodontal indexes including probing depth did not differ significantly between PMW and RMPW groups (p = .474). TREM‐1 levels were significantly higher in both PMW and RMPW with periodontitis, compared to gingivitis or health (p = .0021).ConclusionMenopause‐related changes have no observable effect on GCF levels of TREM‐1, PGLYRP1, and IL‐1β. Higher GCF TREM‐1 levels in women with periodontitis regardless of their menopausal status indicate that TREM‐1 may be an indicator for periodontitis both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Linked selection and recombination rate generate both shared and lineage‐specific genomic islands of divergence in two independent Quercus species pairs
Authors: Shi Yong , Zhou Biao‐Feng , Liang Yi‐Ye , Wang Baosheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA fundamental question in speciation genomics is how evolutionary processes shape the genomic landscape of differentiation between species. Regions of elevated differentiation, referred to as genomic islands, could be shared among closely related species (shared islands) or specific to a lineage (lineage‐specific islands). Shared islands are typically assumed to result from background selection. However, simulations and empirical studies have suggested that positive selection contributes to both shared and lineage‐specific islands. Here, we utilized comparative population genomics to examine the contributions of different evolutionary processes to patterns of genetic differentiation when gene flow and incomplete lineage sorting are minimal. We used whole‐genome resequencing data for 135 individuals from four oak species, including two independent species pairs, Quercus variabilis Blume and Quercus acutissima Carruth. in the subgenus Cerris, and Quercus dentata Thunb. and Quercus griffithii Hook.f. & Thomson ex Miq. in the subgenus Quercus. We found that both shared and subgenus‐specific islands were caused by positive selection, including selective sweeps in current populations and in their most recent common ancestors. Moreover, the recombination rate was a better predictor of genomic differentiation than gene density. Overall, our results reveal that recombination and positive selection impacted genomic differentiation considerably and provide a more precise grasp of how genomic islands formed in Quercus.
Range‐wide evolutionary relationships and historical demography of brown bears (Ursus arctos) revealed by whole‐genome sequencing of isolated central Asian populations
Authors: Tumendemberel Odbayar , Hendricks Sarah A. , Hohenlohe Paul A. , Sullivan Jack , Zedrosser Andreas , Sæbø Mona , Proctor Michael F. , Koprowski John L. , Waits Lisette P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhylogeographic studies uncover hidden pathways of divergence and inform conservation. Brown bears (Ursus arctos) have one of the broadest distributions of all land mammals, ranging from Eurasia to North America, and are an important model for evolutionary studies. Although several whole genomes were available for individuals from North America, Europe and Asia, limited whole‐genome data were available from Central Asia, including the highly imperilled brown bears in the Gobi Desert. To fill this knowledge gap, we sequenced whole genomes from nine Asian brown bears from the Gobi Desert of Mongolia, Northern Mongolia and the Himalayas of Pakistan. We combined these data with published brown bear sequences from Europe, Asia and North America, as well as other bear species. Our goals were to determine the evolutionary relationships among brown bear populations worldwide, their genetic diversity and their historical demography. Our analyses revealed five major lineages of brown bears based on a filtered set of 684,081 single nucleotide polymorphisms. We found distinct evolutionary lineages of brown bears in the Gobi, Himalayas, northern Mongolia, Europe and North America. The lowest level of genetic diversity and the highest level of inbreeding were found in Pakistan, the Gobi Desert and Central Italy. Furthermore, the effective population size (Ne) for all brown bears decreased over the last 70,000 years. Our results confirm the genetic distinctiveness and ancient lineage of brown bear subspecies in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia and the Himalayas of Pakistan and highlight their importance for conservation.
Hydrogen: Fueling EU‐Morocco Energy Cooperation?
Authors: Plank Friedrich , Daum Britta , Muntschick Johannes , Knodt Michèle , Hasse Christian , Ott Ingrid , Niemann Arne 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe war in Ukraine and the looming threat of climate change are driving the strategic need to diversify sources of energy, including renewables. Therefore, the European Union aims to develop energy relations with non‐EU member states, and Morocco has become a key priority. Both Brussels and Rabat are pursuing ambitious green policies and cooperation initiatives, including on hydrogen. Drawing on theories of international institutions and political economy, this article analyzes hydrogen‐related relationship patterns and explains demand and supply factors as drivers of institutionalized energy cooperation. We examine the EU's hydrogen approach and development, its relations with Morocco, and the political interests of both sides. Our analysis shows that the complex interdependencies in the evolving EU‐Morocco hydrogen relations indicate that demand can be met by supply. However, challenges remain, including the need to deepen the partnership and prepare the market for commercial hydrogen production.
Acoustic recordings, biological observations, and genetic identification of a rare(?) beaked whale in the North Pacific: Mesoplodon carlhubbsi
Authors: Ballance Lisa T. , Pitman Robert L. , Barlow Jay , Pusser Todd , DeAngelis Annamaria I. , Hayslip Craig , Irvine Ladd , Steel Debbie , Baker C. Scott , Gillies Daniel , Baumann‐Pickering Simone , Trickey Jennifer S. , Gisborne Brian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough Hubbs' beaked whale (Mesoplodon carlhubbsi) was previously known from over 60 strandings on both sides of the North Pacific, it had been identified alive in the wild only once, off Oregon in 1994. In September 2021, we conducted a search effort for beaked whales off the coast of Oregon using a towed hydrophone array and a visual search team. Approximately 350 km off the Columbia River mouth, we detected the vocalizations of an unidentified mesoplodont whale; we stopped our vessel and waited in the area until two unidentified juvenile Mesoplodon surfaced and stayed near our vessel for almost 2 hr. During that time, we took numerous photographs and videos, made behavioral observations, and recorded their vocalizations. The DNA sequence from a biopsy sample identified them as M. carlhubbsi. In this paper, we discuss our biological observations, including color patterning and acquired markings, behavioral observations, and describe for the first time the acoustic characteristics of this species. We confirm that M. carlhubbsi is the source of a previously unidentified acoustic signal known as BW37V, and we update what is known about the at‐sea distribution of this species based on previous recordings and observational records.
Contraception‐related knowledge, attitude, belief contexts among US women experiencing homelessness: A scoping review
Authors: Galvin Annalynn M. , Garg Ashvita , Akpan Idara N. , Spence Emily E. , Thompson Erika L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractContraception provision may help reduce undesired pregnancies, but women experiencing homelessness may have low health literacy, specific attitudes, and certain beliefs that influence contraception uptake. This scoping review identifies what is known about pregnancy prevention and contraception knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs among US women experiencing homelessness. This review examined English articles that measured the context of knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs related to contraceptive use for avoiding pregnancy among US women experiencing homelessness. Using PRISMA‐ScR guidelines, articles published before May 2022 were located via PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Embase. The initial search identified 1204 articles, and 10 met the inclusion criteria. There were five quantitative, four qualitative, and one mixed‐methods study, published between 2000 and 2022, with samples of 15–764 women ranging from ages 15–51. Contraception knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs related to pregnancy prevention suggested several knowledge gaps (e.g., contraception efficacy), contraception preferences and past experiences, interpersonal relationship influences, and vulnerability to clinic and shelter‐specific barriers. These findings may ultimately inform contraception interventions in partnership with the community of US women who experience homelessness and the health care and social service organizations who serve them.
Drought affects both photosystems in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Hu Chen , Elias Eduard , Nawrocki Wojciech J. , Croce Roberta 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Drought is a major abiotic stress that impairs plant growth and development. Despite this, a comprehensive understanding of drought effects on the photosynthetic apparatus is lacking. In this work, we studied the consequences of 14‐d drought treatment on Arabidopsis thaliana.
We used biochemical and spectroscopic methods to examine photosynthetic membrane composition and functionality.
Drought led to the disassembly of PSII supercomplexes and the degradation of PSII core. The light‐harvesting complexes (LHCII) instead remain in the membrane but cannot act as an antenna for active PSII, thus representing a potential source of photodamage. This effect can also be observed during nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) induction when even short pulses of saturating light can lead to photoinhibition. At a later stage, under severe drought stress, the PSI antenna size is also reduced and the PSI‐LHCI supercomplexes disassemble. Surprisingly, although we did not observe changes in the PSI core protein content, the functionality of PSI is severely affected, suggesting the accumulation of nonfunctional PSI complexes.
We conclude that drought affects both photosystems, although at a different stage, and that the operative quantum efficiency of PSII (ΦPSII) is very sensitive to drought and can thus be used as a parameter for early detection of drought stress.
The evil companion of OSCC: Candida albicans
Authors: Yang Zhixin , Zhang Shiyu , Ji Ning , Li Jing , Chen Qianming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveMicrobial dysbiosis and microbiome‐induced inflammation may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Candida albicans (C. albicans) is the most prevalent opportunistic pathogenic fungus in the oral cavity, and Candida infection is considered as one of its high‐risk factors. Although oral microbiota–host interactions are closely associated with the development of OSCC, the interrelationship between fungi and OSCC is poorly understood compared to that between bacteria and viruses.ResultsWe accumulated knowledge of the evidence, pathogenic factors, and possible multiple mechanisms by which C. albicans promotes malignant transformation of OSCC, focusing on the induction of epithelial damage, production of carcinogens, and regulation of the tumor microenvironment. In addition, we highlight the latest treatment strategies for Candida infection.ConclusionThis review provides a new perspective on the interrelationship between C. albicans and OSCC and contributes to the establishment of a systematic and reliable clinical treatment system for OSCC patients with C. albicans infection.
Utilizing Filipino key informants to guide community outreach for cancer prevention in Hawai‘i
Authors: Willingham Mark L. , Sy Angela , Taafaki Munirih , Bodnar Reyna , Diaz Tressa P. , Somera Lilnabeth P. , Porte Christina Lucy , Ceria‐Ulep Clementina D. , Pingul Annilet , Bissell Jeny , Cassel Kevin D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjective/designThe University of Hawai‘i Cancer Center works with academic and community partners to examine health disparities and inequities that persist among Pacific Island Populations through the Pacific Island Partnership for Cancer Health Equity (PIPCHE). The Partnership's Community Outreach Core (COC) assists and promotes cancer research and helps to ensure the integration of historically excluded community perspectives by utilizing community‐engaged and culturally‐grounded approaches to reduce cancer burdens. However, cancer health disparities among Filipinos demonstrate a need for cancer‐control initiatives within this community.Sample/measurementsCOC staff conducted five semi‐structured key informant interviews with Filipino nurse and healthcare leaders in Hawai‘i to establishpartnerships with the community, as well as provide community‐driven guidance for future cancer prevention and control efforts.ResultsThe informants provided recommendations for COC community engagement, relationship building, and future areas of directed cancer focus. The interviews also initiated relationship‐building and community collaborations for directed cancer education and resources within Filipino communities.ConclusionThe themes uncovered from the interviews provided guidance on how to begin addressing cancer concerns, and led to the informants’ subsequent membership in our Outreach Advisory Council to engage in future collaboration with the Filipino community and a framework for future community‐engaged cancer prevention efforts.
Warming exacerbates the impacts of ultraviolet radiation in temperate diatoms but alleviates the effect on polar species
Authors: Cao Lixin , Bi Dongquan , Fan Wei , Xu Juntian , Beardall John , Gao Kunshan , Wu Yaping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnder global change scenarios, the sea surface temperature is increasing steadily along with other changes to oceanic environments. Consequently, marine diatoms are influenced by multiple ocean global change drivers. We hypothesized that temperature rise mediates the responses of polar and temperate diatoms to UV radiation (UVR) to different extents, and exposed the temperate centric diatoms, Thalassiosira weissflogii and Skeletonema costatum, and a polar pennate diatom Entomoneis sp., to warming (+5°C) for 10 days, then performed short‐term incubations under different radiation treatments with or without UVR. The effective quantum yields of the three diatoms were stable during exposure to PAR, but decreased when exposed to PAR + UVR, leading to significant UV‐induced inhibition, which was 3% and 9%, respectively, for T. weissflogii and S. costatum under ambient temperature but increased to 12% and 17%, respectively, in the cells acclimated to the warming treatment. In contrast, UVR induced much higher inhibition, by about 45%, in the polar diatom Entomoneis sp. at ambient temperature, and the warming treatment alleviated the UV‐induced inhibition, which dropped to 36%. The growth rates were significantly inhibited by UVR in S. costatum under the warming treatment and in Entomoneis sp. under ambient temperature, while there was no significant effect for T. weissflogii. Our results indicate that the polar diatom was more sensitive to UVR though warming could alleviate its impact, whereas the temperate diatoms were less sensitive to UVR but warming exacerbated its impacts, implying that diatoms living in different regions may exhibit differential responses to global changes.
Constant small‐cell changes and variable LEF1 expression in DUSP22‐rearranged primary cutaneous anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma: Analysis of the repeated biopsies of three patients
Authors: Osakada Akio , Fujimoto Masakazu , Ueshima Chiyuki , Kaku Yo , Nishikori Momoko , Inoue Norihito , Takeuchi Kengo , Haga Hironori 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDUSP22‐rearranged primary cutaneous anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma (pcALCL) has a biphasic histological pattern defined by large dermal atypical lymphocytes and epidermotropic small lymphocytes resembling pagetoid reticulosis, but the positivity rate of the biphasic pattern in DUSP22‐rearranged pcALCL is unknown. Immunohistochemically, LEF1 expression in >75% of tumor cells is associated with DUSP22‐rearrangement (DUSP22‐R) in systemic ALCL. However, whether this association applies to pcALCL remains unclear. To analyze these pathological clues for screening DUSP22‐R, we reviewed 11 skin biopsies from three patients with DUSP22‐rearranged pcALCL. All specimens showed a biphasic pattern, of which three showed nonpagetoid infiltration of the epidermis. In all lesions, small‐cell changes of tumor cells were observed not only within the epidermis but also under the epidermis. LEF1 positivity rates varied by lesion (range: 30%–90%, mean: 59.6%) with only three patients expressing LEF1 in more than 75% of tumor cells. In conclusion, the biphasic pattern was a constant finding in DUSP22‐rearranged pcALCL, but it was not always pagetoid reticulosis‐like. The recognition of small‐cell change outside the epidermis may be helpful in diagnosing DUSP22‐rearranged pcALCL. However, LEF1 expression was variable and its diagnostic usefulness may be limited.
Simultaneous or staged lateral ridge augmentation: A clinical guideline on the decision‐making process
Authors: Yu Shan‐Huey , Saleh Muhammad H. A. , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLateral ridge augmentation is a standard surgical procedure that can be performed prior to (staged) or simultaneously with implant placement. The decision between a simultaneous or staged approach involves considering multiple variables. This paper proposed a decision‐making process that serves as a guideline for choosing the best treatment choice based on the available evidence and the author's clinical experience.
Suicidal thoughts and behaviors in youth seeking mental health treatment in Texas: Youth Depression and Suicide Network research registry
Authors: Kennard Beth D. , Hughes Jennifer L. , Minhajuddin Abu , Slater Holli , Blader Joseph C. , Mayes Taryn L. , Kirk Claire , Wakefield Sarah M. , Trivedi Madhukar H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionSuicidality in youth is a serious public health problem. The Texas Youth Depression and Suicide Research Network (TX‐YDSRN) was initiated in 2020 to create a research registry for youth with depression and/or suicidality in Texas. This report presents baseline clinical/demographic characteristics of the first 1000 participants, focusing on suicidal thoughts and behaviors.MethodsThe registry includes 8–20‐year‐old youth receiving treatment for depression, or who screen positive for depression and/or suicidal ideation/behavior. Baseline data include diagnosis, depression/anxiety severity, suicidal ideation/behavior, trauma history, and measures of resilience.ResultsWe present baseline data on the first 1000 participants. Most (79.6%) of the sample had a primary depressive disorder. The sample had moderate to severe depression (Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents, PHQ‐A; 12.9 ± 6.4) and anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD‐7; 11.3 ± 5.9). Nearly half reported ≥1 lifetime suicide attempts and 90% reported lifetime or current suicidal ideation. Participants with past/current suicidality (attempts and/or ideation) had greater illness severity (depression, anxiety, and suicidal thoughts/behaviors), lower resilience, and higher rates of trauma exposure than those without suicidality.ConclusionsBaseline data indicate moderate levels of depression, anxiety, and suicidality and their correlates in this cohort. Future reports will determine trajectories of outcomes and predictors, moderators, and social determinants related to these outcomes.
S/kinship: The relational ontology of tattoos in contemporary Australian discourse and practice
Authors: Ostojic Susannah , Taylor John 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn examining affective motivations and meanings associated with kin‐based tattooing, this article proposes a practice of ‘s/kinship’: the tangible inscription of relational personhood on the body. While research on the practice of Western tattooing has long been drawn into discourses of deviance and individual identity, little attention has been paid to the tattooing of social relations. Drawing on surveys and interview data, this article highlights the significance of kinship and other forms of relationality in tattooing, bringing attention to how these are manifested through the skin as expressions of social proximity, permanence, and porosity. In doing so an analytic approach to s/kinship is developed to foreground the practice of tattooing as an expression of relational personhood, one that highlights the permeability of personhood as a salient ontological feature in the social life of tattoos and the tattooed.
Circadian regulation of metabolism across photosynthetic organisms
Authors: de Barros Dantas Luíza Lane , Eldridge Bethany M. , Dorling Jack , Dekeya Richard , Lynch Deirdre A. , Dodd Antony N. 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYCircadian regulation produces a biological measure of time within cells. The daily cycle in the availability of light for photosynthesis causes dramatic changes in biochemical processes in photosynthetic organisms, with the circadian clock having crucial roles in adaptation to these fluctuating conditions. Correct alignment between the circadian clock and environmental day–night cycles maximizes plant productivity through its regulation of metabolism. Therefore, the processes that integrate circadian regulation with metabolism are key to understanding how the circadian clock contributes to plant productivity. This forms an important part of exploiting knowledge of circadian regulation to enhance sustainable crop production. Here, we examine the roles of circadian regulation in metabolic processes in source and sink organ structures of Arabidopsis. We also evaluate possible roles for circadian regulation in root exudation processes that deposit carbon into the soil, and the nature of the rhythmic interactions between plants and their associated microbial communities. Finally, we examine shared and differing aspects of the circadian regulation of metabolism between Arabidopsis and other model photosynthetic organisms, and between circadian control of metabolism in photosynthetic and non‐photosynthetic organisms. This synthesis identifies a variety of future research topics, including a focus on metabolic processes that underlie biotic interactions within ecosystems.