bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Scleral Cap Technique for Porous and Nonporous Orbital Implants
Authors: Jordan David R. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:
To describe the results and potential benefit of a banked homologous donor scleral cap over the anterior surface of polyglactin 910 mesh-wrapped porous and nonporous orbital implants during enucleation and secondary orbital implant surgery.

Methods:
This is a single center, retrospective, clinical case series of 83 patients who received a polyglactin 910 mesh (Vicryl knitted mesh, undyed, Ethicon, Sommerville, New Jersey, USA) wrapped bioceramic or polymethylmethacrylate orbital implant (sphere or mounded) following enucleation and secondary orbital implant surgery by one surgeon over a 10-year period. A homologous donor scleral cap (approximately 1.5 × 1.5 cm diameter) was also placed over the anterior mesh-wrapped implant surface as an additional barrier. A minimum of 1-year follow up was required to be included in the study. The author analyzed patient demographics, type of surgery, implant type, implant size, follow-up duration, and presence or absence of implant exposure. The data from patients with greater than 1-year follow up are detailed in this report.

Results:
The author identified 100 patients in his case files that had a scleral cap put in place over their implant. Seventeen patients were either lost to follow up or did not have at least a 1-year follow up, leaving 83 patients (44 enucleations, 39 secondary implants) that were followed for 12 to 120 months (average 60.5 months). There were no cases of implant exposure identified in either group of patients during this time period.

Conclusions:
Implant exposure can occur anytime post implant placement with a porous or nonporous orbital implant. This review suggests that a homologous donor scleral cap (approximately 1.5 × 1.5 cm diameter) over the polyglactin 910 mesh-wrapped implant surface may help prevent implant exposure. Patients with porous and nonporous orbital implants should be followed on a long-term basis as exposure can occur at anytime postsurgery, even several years later.
A novel extraperitoneal approach exploration for the treatment of urachal mass: a retrospective observational single-center study
Authors: Sui Yuanming , Zhang Zongliang , Zhao Kai , Zhang Yulian , Wang Zhenlin , Zhu Guanqun , Yang Han , Li Xueyu , Wang Qinglei , Yin Xinbao , Wang Ke 
Published: January 2023

Background:
To explore the extraperitoneal laparoscopic urachal mass excision technique and its safety and efficacy in treating urachal mass.

Methods:
Baseline characteristics were collected from patients who underwent surgery to diagnose a urachal cyst or abscess in our hospital between January 2020 and August 2021. The full-length of the urachus and part of the top bladder wall were completely removed through the extraperitoneal approach. Patient outcomes were collected to evaluate surgical safety and efficacy, including operation time, intraoperative blood loss, drainage tube removal time, length of stay (LOS), and postoperative complications.

Results:
All 20 surgeries were successfully performed laparoscopically, and no case was converted to open surgery. The mean body mass index of the patients was 24.6 ± 2.2. The mean patient age was 49.3 ± 8.7 years. The mean size of the cysts was 3.0 ± 0.4 cm. The mean operation time was 56.3 ± 12.0 min. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 28.0 ± 6.4 mL. The mean drainage tube removal time was 3.0 ± 0.5 days. The mean LOS was 5.2 ± 0.4 days. The mean follow-up was 13.4 ± 2.1 months. No postoperative complications were observed during the follow-up period. The short-term follow-up and small patient cohort limited our outcome evaluation.

Conclusion:
Our results indicated that the extraperitoneal laparoscopic approach was a safe and effective method to treat urachal mass. Given the limitations of the study, further multiple and larger sample-sized trials are required to confirm our findings.
Pulsatility index–adjusted doppler flow measurement of pedal arteries in peripheral artery disease patients
Authors: Li Ming-Feng , Liang Huei-Lung , Chiang Chia-Ling , Wu Tung-Ho 
Published: January 2023

Background:
To examine the feasibility of using pulsatility index–adjusted (PI) flow equations to accurately characterize blood volume flow changes using Doppler technique in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) before and after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).

Methods:
PTA was performed on 17 PAD patients (23 target vessels treated, 16 anterior tibial arteries, and 7 posterior tibial arteries). Arterial diameter, peak systolic velocity, PI, time-averaged mean velocity, and measured volume flow (MVF) of dorsalis pedis artery (DPA) and common plantar artery (CPA) were measured with duplex Doppler ultrasound before and after PTA. PI-adjusted volume flows (PIVF) were calculated as part of the MVF/PIVF relative percentage metric.

Results:
Significant changes (p < 0.001) of the MVF (mean: 33.0 mL/min, range: –20.9-102.2 mL/min) and MVF/PIVF relative percentages (mean: 51.8, range: 5.1-127.2%) in the DPA existed between before and after PTA, whereas no significant changes could be found in the CPA (mean:10.9 mL/min, p = 0.148 and mean: 21.3%, p = 0.146, respectively). Of the 7 treated posterior tibial arteries, the increments of the MVF/PIVF (mean: 60.4%, p = 0.033) was significant but not in the MVF (mean: 26.5 mL/min, p = 0.125). The ankle-brachial index also showed non-significant changes (p = 0.081). All PI-adjusted results matched clinical observations after blood flow restoration.

Conclusion:
No conclusions can be drawn from the comparison of actual measured volume flow between before and after PTA. However, using the MVF/PIVF relative percentage allows for a more objective framework upon which to base clinical observations and provides clarity in situations where direct measurement provides a counter-intuitive or contradictory picture.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor regulates receptor of advanced glycation end products in high glucose-treated rat mesangial cells
Authors: Chang Jui-Ting , Liang Yao-Jen , Leu Jyh-Gang 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Hyperglycemia-induced advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor for AGEs (RAGEs) play major roles in diabetic nephropathy progression. In previous study, both glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors delta (PPARδ) agonists were shown to have anti-inflammatory effect on AGE-treated rat mesangial cells (RMCs). The interaction among PPARδ agonists, GLP-1, and AGE-RAGE axis is, however, still unclear.

Methods:
In this study, the individual and synergic effect of PPARδ agonist (L-165 041) and siRNA of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) on the expression of GLP-1, GLP-1R, RAGE, and cell viability in AGE-treated RMCs were investigated.

Results:
L-165 041 enhanced GLP-1R mRNA and protein expression only in the presence of AGE. The expression of RAGE mRNA and protein was enhanced by AGE, attenuated by L-165 041, and siRNA of GLP-1R reversed L-165 041-induced inhibition. Cell viability was also inhibited by AGE. L-165 041 attenuated AGE-induced inhibition and siRNA GLP-1R diminished L-165 041 effect.

Conclusion:
PPARδ agonists increase GLP-1R expression on RMC in the presence of AGE. PPARδ agonists also attenuate AGE-induced upregulated RAGE expression and downregulated cell viability. The effect of PPARδ agonists needs the cooperation of GLP-1R activation.
A retrospective study on the use of low-molecular-weight heparin for prevention of pregnancy-related recurrent venous thromboembolism and obstetrical complications
Authors: Abbattista Maria , Capecchi Marco , Gianniello Francesca , Artoni Andrea , Bucciarelli Paolo , Ciavarella Alessandro , Peyvandi Flora , Martinelli Ida 
Published: January 2023

Background
The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is increased during pregnancy and it is further increased together with pregnancy complications in women with personal history of VTE and thrombophilia abnormalities. It is unclear how the use of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) may prevent such complications.

Objective
To evaluate the potential benefits and risks of the use of LMWH for prevention of pregnancy-related VTE and obstetrical complications in the first pregnancy after a previous VTE.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study includes fertile women referred to the Thrombosis Center from January 2000 to September 2018 for a thrombophilia work-up, after having had at least one previous VTE and one pregnancy thereafter. Data on pregnancy-related recurrent VTE, pregnancy outcomes and the use of LMWH were collected.

Results
Among 208 women, no thrombosis or major bleeding was recorded in 138 pregnancies conducted with LMWH, whereas 10 VTE (14%) were recorded in 70 pregnancies conducted without. Nine women (90%) with recurrent VTE had had a previous hormone-related event. The incidence of miscarriage was lower in pregnancies with LMWH than in those without (11% vs. 26%, relative risk 0.4, 95% confidence interval: 0.2–0.8), whereas late obstetrical complications and terminations were similar in the two groups. The prevalence of terminations was doubled in women with thrombophilia (12%) than in those without (6%).

Conclusions
LMWH prophylaxis during pregnancy appears to be effective and safe for the prevention of recurrent VTE and may reduce the incidence of miscarriage.
Pharmacological Therapy of Pruritus in Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: Medina-Morales Esli , Barba Bernal Romelia , Gerger Heike , Goyes Daniela , Trivedi Hirsh D. , Ferrigno Bryan , Patwardhan Vilas , Bonder Alan 
Published: January 2023

Goals:
We aim to summarize the current management of pruritus in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) by evaluating the efficacy and safety of pharmacological therapies.

Background:
Pruritus is a common symptom of PBC, and evidence regarding the most effective antipruritic agents available is lacking. New pharmacotherapy for PBC has shown promising antipruritic effects.

Study:
We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis including all available double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of pharmacotherapy for the symptomatic management of pruritus in PBC. Pruritus was assessed as either a change from baseline or a postintervention score.

Results:
We included 33 studies and 20 medications. Using the visual analog scale, cholestyramine did not significantly improve pruritus compared with placebo [standardized mean differences (SMD): −0.94, 95% CI: −2.05 to 0.17], whereas rifampin and nalfurafine hydrochloride both significantly improved pruritus (SMD: −3.29, 95% CI: −5.78 to −0.80; n=23 and SMD: −0.58, 95% CI: −1.04 to −0.12). In addition, Bezafibrate and linerixibat significantly improved pruritus (SMD: −1.05, 95% CI: −1.41 to −0.68; n=110 and SMD: −0.31, 95% CI: −0.62 to −0.04, respectively). This effect was also present within the subgroup analysis by pruritus scale, where both bezafibrate and linerixibat significantly improved pruritus compared with placebo (SMD: −1.09, 95% CI: −1.54 to −0.65; P<0.001; visual analog scale; as postintervention score and SMD: −0.31, 95% CI: −0.62 to −0.01; P=0.04; numeric rating scale; as a change from baseline score, respectively).

Conclusions:
Bezafibrate and Linerixibat are potential second-line antipruritic medications for PBC, particularly those with moderate to severe pruritus.
The Coexistence of TRPV6 Variants With Other Pancreatitis-Associated Genes Affects Pediatric-Onset Pancreatitis
Authors: Hirai Saeko , Suzuki Mitsuyoshi , Sakurai Yumiko , Nakano Satoshi , Minowa Kei , Eguchi Hidetake , Okazaki Yasushi , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:
Recently, a genetic risk for chronic pancreatitis (CP) was found to be conferred by pathogenic variants in the transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 6 (TRPV6). Interestingly, 20%–57% of patients with functionally defective TRPV6 variants have other susceptibility genes such as cationic trypsinogen, serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1, chymotrypsin C, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, and carboxypeptidase A1. In this study, we focused on pediatric patients with acute recurrent pancreatitis or CP with at least 1 variant in these 5 genes and investigated the presence of coexisting TRPV6 mutations.

Methods:
Ninety Japanese pediatric patients (median age at first onset, 8.0 years) who had at least 1 variant of these 5 genes were enrolled in this study. DNA samples were extracted for analysis from peripheral blood leukocytes. Coding regions of TRPV6 were screened by Sanger sequencing.

Results:
Regardless of functional defects or non-defects in TRPV6 variants, 14 of the 90 patients (15.6%) were trans-heterozygous for TRPV6 variants [p.A18S (n = 3), p.C197R (n = 3), p.I223T (n = 3), p.D324N (n = 4), p.M418V (n = 3), p.V540F (n = 1), p.A606T (n = 1), and p.M721T (n = 3)] and the 5 susceptibility genes noted above. Of these variants, p.D324N, p.V540F, and p.A606T are associated with pancreatitis. Three patients had the ancestral haplotype [p.C197R + p.M418V + p.M721T].

Conclusions:
Overall, 4 of 90 patients (4.4%) had the coexistence of clearly pathogenic TRPV6 variants with pancreatitis-associated variants. The cumulative accumulation of these genetic factors may contribute to the development of pancreatitis at a young age.
Perceptions of Caring Recruitment Among Older Adults
Authors: Gamboa Charlene J. , Julion Wrenetha A. , Fogg Louis , Bounds Dawn T. , Sumo Jen'nea , Barnes Lisa L. 
Published: January 2023

Background
African Americans (AAs) are underrepresented in health-related research studies. Few studies have investigated how behaviors of study recruiters affect recruitment of older AAs versus non-Latinx Whites (NLWs).

Objectives
The aim of this study was to explore whether caring behaviors influence AA and NLW older adults' decision to participate in hypothetical, high-commitment, health-related research studies and differences in participants' enrollment decisions by race.

Methods
Using a descriptive, cross-sectional study design, guided by Kristen Swanson's middle-range theory of caring, a research-savvy sample of 60 AA and 60 NLW adults (age > 65 years) were randomly assigned one of two written vignettes. The concept of caring behaviors was manipulated and illustrated in a hypothetical recruitment scenario. A participant feedback survey was used to assess (a) participants' perceptions of caring and uncaring behaviors exhibited by the fictitious research recruiter, (b) differences in their willingness to participate based on vignette type, and (c) participants' judgment of the research recruiter as being caring or uncaring. A chi-square test assessed the association among categorical variables (caring behavior and participants' race).

Results
Participants who received the vignette with the high caring recruiter were more than twice as likely to agree to participate in the study than those who received the vignette with the low caring recruiter. AA and NLW participants did not differ in their likelihood to agree to participate. Participants who received the caring vignette and judged the recruiter as caring were 5 times as likely to agree to participate in the high-commitment study than those who received the uncaring vignette (p < .001). Associations did not vary by race.

Discussion
This experimental study of equally recruited older adults from an existing longitudinal study revealed that caring behaviors in recruitment strategies are associated with an increased likelihood of participation in high-commitment research with older adults. The research-savvy AA participants were just as likely to participate in the hypothetical high-commitment research as their NLW peers when the fictional research recruiter was perceived as having caring behaviors. When targeting specific populations, it is essential to employ nuanced recruitment approaches where the study recruiters are attuned to caring behaviors.
Machine Learning Algorithms to Fight the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Pattnaik Monalisha , Pattnaik Aryan , Pattnaik Alipsa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe ongoing novel COVID-19 global pandemic is one of the health emergencies in 21stcentury after hundred years of Spanish flu that affected almost all the countries in the world. The objective of this study is to generate STM and LTM real-time out of sample forecasts of the future COVID-19 confirmed and death cases respectively for the top five mostly affected countries in the world namely USA, India, Brazil, Russia and UK. As of January 17, 2021, it has caused a pandemic outbreak with more than 94.5 million confirmed cases and more than 2 million reported deaths worldwide. Due to extreme robust behaviour in the univariate time series data, forecasting of both COVID-19 confirmed and death cases has become the exigent task for the government officials, healthcare workers, economists, corporate leaders, government, decision makers, public-policy makers, and scientific experts to allocate health resources. To solve this problem different hybrid approaches are applied which eliminate both linear and non-linear errors of the time series datasets and the predictions of for these countries will be practical to act as forewarning for all.
Quantitative and Qualitative evaluation of the recent Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare publications using Deep-Learning
Authors: Awasthi Raghav , Mishra Shreya , Cywinski Jacek B , Maheshwari Kamal , Khanna Ashish K , Papay Francis A. , Mathur Piyush 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn ever-increasing number of artificial intelligence (AI) models targeting healthcare applications are developed and published every day, but their use in real-world decision-making is limited. Beyond a quantitative assessment, it is important to have a qualitative evaluation of the maturity of these publications with additional details related to trends in the type of data used type of models developed across the healthcare spectrum.MethodsWe assessed the maturity of selected peer-reviewed AI publications pertinent to healthcare for the years 2019–2021. For the report, the data collection was performed by PubMed search using the Boolean operators “machine learning” OR “artificial intelligence” AND “2021”, OR “2020”, OR ‘‘2019” with the English language and human subject research as of December 31, each year. All three years selected were manually classified into 26 distinct medical specialties. We used the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT) neural networks model to identify the maturity level of research publications based on their abstracts. We further classified a mature publication based on the healthcare specialty and geographical location of the article’s senior author. Finally, we manually annotated specific details from mature publications, such as model type, data type, and disease type.ResultsOf the 7062 publications relevant toAI in healthcarefrom 2019–2021, 385 were classified as mature. In 2019, 6.01 percent of publications were mature. 7.7 percent were mature in 2020, and 1.81 percent of publications were mature in 2021. Radiology publications had the most mature model publications across all specialties over the last three years, followed by pathology in 2019, ophthalmology in 2020, and gastroenterology in 2021. Geographical pattern analysis revealed a non-uniform distribution pattern. In 2019 and 2020, the United States ranked first with a frequency of 22 and 50, followed by China with 20 and 47. In 2021, China ranked first with 17 mature articles, followed by the United States with 11 mature articles. Imaging-based data was the primary source, and deep learning was the most frequently used modeling technique in mature publications.InterpretationDespite the growing number of publications of AI models in healthcare, only a few publications have been found to be mature with a potentially positive impact on healthcare. Globally, there is an opportunity to leverage diverse datasets and models across the health spectrum, to develop more mature models and related publications, which can fully realize the potential of AI to transform healthcare.
Efficacy and Mechanisms of Cannabis Oil for Alleviating Side Effects of Breast Cancer Chemotherapy (CBC2): Protocol for Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Thu May Soe , Pongpirul Krit , Vongsaisuwon Mawin , Vinayanuwattikun Chanida , Banchuen Kamonwan , Ondee Thunnicha , Payungporn Sunchai , Phutrakool Phanupong , Nootim Preecha , Chariyavilaskul Pajaree , Cherdchom Sarocha , Wanaratna Kulthanit , Hirankarn Nattiya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn a pilot study using both cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as single agents in advanced cancer patients undergoing palliative care in Thailand, the doses were generally well tolerated, and the outcome measure of total symptom distress scores showed overall symptom benefit. The current study aims to determine the intensity of the symptoms experienced by breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, to explore the microbiome profile, cytokines, and bacterial metabolites before and after the treatment with cannabis oil or no cannabis oil, and to study the pharmacokinetics parameters and pharmacogenetics profile of the doses.MethodsA randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial will be conducted on the metastatic breast cancer cases receiving chemotherapy at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH), Bangkok, Thailand. Block randomization will be used to allocate the patients into three groups: Ganja Oil (THC 2 mg/ml; THC 0.08 mg/drop, and CBD 0.02 mg/drop), Metta Osot (THC 81 mg/ml; THC 3 mg/drop), and placebo oil. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), microbiome profile, cytokines, and bacterial metabolites will be assessed before and after the interventions.Thai Clinical Trial RegistrationTCTR20220809001