bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of safety and effectiveness of medical adhesive and metal spring coil in preoperative localization of peripheral pulmonary nodules
Authors: Wang Yifei , Yue Zhenhua , Shi Xiaoqian , Xia Guozhan , Qin Linlin , Sun Qi , Huang Yiling , Chen Rong , Zhao Xuewei , Wang Mingdong 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAccurate preoperative positioning is the key to the success of thoracoscopic surgery for small pulmonary nodules. There are many methods for locating pulmonary nodules in clinical practice, but there are currently few research reports on the value of medical adhesive localization.ObjectiveTo compare the clinical value of two positioning methods, medical adhesive and metal spring coil, in the preoperative application of VATS through retrospective analysis.MethodsA total of 288 patients who underwent thoracoscopic surgery in our hospital from January 2021 to June 2024 due to the discovery of solitary pulmonary nodules during chest CT examination were included in this study. Preoperative patients were randomly divided into two groups, with 205 patients undergoing preoperative medical adhesive positioning (Group A) and 83 patients undergoing metal spring coil positioning (Group B). After the positioning was completed, record the positioning time of each group of patients and the immediate pain score 15 min after the positioning was completed, the complications located in each group of patients, and whether there was positioning failure or not.ResultsThe localization success rate of the medicine adhesive positioning group [99.5% (204/205)] was higher than that of the metal spring coil positioning group [91.6% (76/83)] (P = 0.001). The positioning time of the medical adhesive positioning group was 12.00 (10.00, 14.00) min, which was shorter than the 13.00 (11.00, 16.00) min of the micro coil group (P = 0.001). The immediate pain score (2.32 ± 0.79) of the medical adhesive positioning group 15 min after positioning was significantly lower than that of the metal spring coil positioning group (3.97 ± 0.54) (P &lt; 0.001). The incidence of complications such as pneumothorax [15.7% (13/83) vs 5.4% (11/205), P = 0.004], pulmonary hemorrhage/hemoptysis [20.5% (17/83) vs 4.9 (10/205), P &lt; 0.001] was significantly higher in the metal coil positioning group than in the medical adhesive positioning group.ConclusionPreoperative medical adhesive positioning for pulmonary nodules is safe, reliable, and effective. Compared with metal spring coil positioning, it has shorter positioning time, milder pain after positioning, lower incidence of positioning related complications, and more flexible arrangement of surgical timing after positioning. It has high clinical application value.
Metabolomics insights into doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil combination therapy in triple-negative breast cancer: a xenograft mouse model study
Authors: Hassanein Mai M. , Hagyousif Yousra A. , Zenati Ruba A. , Al-Hroub Hamza M. , Khan Farman Matloob , Abuhelwa Ahmad Y. , Alzoubi Karem H. , Soares Nelson C. , El-Huneidi Waseem , Abu-Gharbieh Eman , Omar Hany , Zaher Dana M. , Bustanji Yasser , Semreen Mohammad H. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundBreast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies and a leading cause of death among women worldwide. Among its subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) poses significant clinical challenges due to its aggressive behavior and limited treatment options. This study aimed to investigate the effects of doxorubicin (DOX) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as monotherapies and in combination using an established MDA-MB-231 xenograft model in female BALB/C nude mice employing advanced metabolomics analysis to identify molecular alterations induced by these treatments.MethodsWe conducted comprehensive plasma and tumor tissue sample profiling using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS).ResultsEach treatment group exhibited unique metabolic profiles in plasma and tumor analysis. Univariate and enrichment analyses identified alterations in metabolic pathways. The combination treatment of DOX + 5-FU induced the most extensive metabolic alterations disrupting key pathways including purine, pyrimidine, beta-alanine, and sphingolipid metabolism. It significantly reduced critical metabolites such as guanine, xanthine, inosine, L-fucose, and sphinganine, demonstrating enhanced cytotoxic effects compared to individual treatments. The DOX treatment uniquely increased ornithine levels, while 5-FU altered sphingolipid metabolism, promoting apoptosis.SignificanceThis in vivo study highlights TNBC’s metabolic alterations to chemotherapeutics, identifying potential biomarkers like L-fucose and beta-alanine, and provides insights for improving treatment strategies.
Enhanced intestinal epithelial co-culture model with orbital mechanical stimulation: a proof-of-concept application in food nanotoxicology
Authors: Santoni Mattia , Piccinini Giovanni , Liguori Giovanni , Randi Maria Roberta , Baroncini Massimo , Milani Liliana , Danesi Francesca 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionCurrent in vitro intestinal models lack the mechanical forces present in the physiological environment, limiting their reliability for nanotoxicology studies. Here, we developed an enhanced Caco-2/HT29-MTX-E12 co-culture model incorporating orbital mechanical stimulation to better replicate intestinal conditions and investigate nanoparticle interactions.MethodsWe established co-cultures under static and dynamic conditions, evaluating their development through multiple approaches including barrier integrity measurements, gene expression analysis, and confocal microscopy. We introduced novel quantitative analysis of dome formation as a differentiation marker and demonstrated the model application by investigating cellular responses to titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles in a digested food matrix.ResultsDynamic conditions accelerated epithelial differentiation, achieving functional barrier properties by day 14 rather than day 21, with enhanced mucin production and more organized three-dimensional structure. Mechanical stimulation selectively promoted goblet cell differentiation without affecting general epithelial markers. The optimized model successfully detected concentration-dependent oxidative stress responses to TiO₂ exposure, revealing cellular dysfunction preceding membrane damage.DiscussionThis improved co-culture system provides a better physiological platform for nanotoxicology studies. By incorporating mechanical forces, each cell type exhibits more representative behavior, creating a more realistic experimental setup. The model bridges the gap between simple monocultures and complex 3D systems, offering a practical approach for investigating nanoparticle-epithelium interactions in a food-relevant context.
A deep learning model for carotid plaques detection based on CTA images: a two stepwise early-stage clinical validation study
Authors: Guo Zhongping , Liu Ying , Xu Jingxu , Huang Chencui , Zhang Fandong , Miao Chongchang , Zhang Yonggang , Li Mengshuang , Shan Hangsheng , Gu Yan 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo develop a deep learning (DL) model for carotid plaque detection based on CTA images and evaluate the clinical application feasibility and value of the model.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data from patients with carotid atherosclerotic plaques who underwent continuous CTA examinations of the head and neck at a tertiary hospital from October 2020 to October 2022. The model combined ResUNet with the Pyramid Scene Parsing Network (PSPNet) to enhance plaque segmentation. Patient plaques were divided into training, validation, and testing sets in a ratio of 7:1.5:1.5. We analyzed recall (lesion-level sensitivity), sensitivity (patient-level), and precision to evaluate the model’s diagnostic performance for carotid plaques. The two stepwise early-stage clinical validation study (Comparison study and Model-human study) was used to simulate real clinical plaque diagnostic scenarios.ResultsIn total, 647 patients were included in the dataset, including 475 for training, 86 for validation, and 86 for testing. The DL model based on CTA images showed good precision in plaque diagnosis (validation set: precision = 80.49%, sensitivity = 90.70%, recall = 84.62%; test set: precision = 78.37%, sensitivity = 91.86%, recall = 84.58%). In addition, subgroup analysis of the plaque was carried out in the test set. The model had high accuracy in identifying plaques at different locations (Recall: 83.72, 76.32, 89.25, and 83.02%) and with different morphologies (Recall: 86.03, 79.17%). This model also analyzed the results of different types of plaques and showed good to moderate plaque diagnostic accuracy for different plaque types (Recall: 70.00, 86.87, 84.29%). Especially, in the clinical application scenario analysis, the model’s diagnostic results for plaques were found to be higher than those of 4 out of 6 radiologists (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, in Model-human Real Clinical Scenarios study, we found that the model improved the radiologists’ sensitivity in diagnosing plaques. Additionally, the model’s diagnostic time for plaques (6 s) was found to be significantly shorter than that all of radiologists (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThis AI model demonstrated strong clinical potential for carotid plaque detection with improved clinician diagnostic performance, shortening time, and practical implementation in real-world clinical cases.
Assessment of upper GI motor activity and GI symptoms in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: an observational study
Authors: Ribichini Emanuela , Pallotta Nadia , Badiali Danilo , Carlucci Maria , Ceccanti Marco , Cambieri Chiara , Libonati Laura , Corazziari Enrico Stefano , Ruoppolo Giovanni , Inghilleri Maurizio 
Published: January 2025

Background/aimsOro-pharyngeal dysfunction has been reported in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). We aimed to assess ALS patients upper gastrointestinal (GI) motor activity and GI symptoms according to bulbar and spinal onset and severity of ALS.MethodsALS bulbar (B) and spinal (S) patients with ALS Functional Rating Scale (ALSFRS-r) ≥35, bulbar sub-score ≥10, and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) &gt;50%, underwent to: Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES); esophageal manometry; gastric emptying; Rome symptom questionnaire. Medical Research Council Scale for Muscle Strength (MRC) was performed for the upper and lower limbs. Mann-Whitney's U, Fisher's ranks test, Pearson's test was used.ResultsThirteen ALS patients were included (6 F; mean age 61.2 ± 13.7 years, range: 37-87), 5 with B and 8 with S onset (ALSFRS-R score 39.5 ± 4.9, MRC score 128.6 ± 23.3, disease duration 22.8 ± 17.9 months). FEES detected a high dysphagia score in 5 patients with no difference between S and B phenotype. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure was normal in all patients. Esophageal dysmotility was observed in three S and two B onset patients. Upper esophageal sphincter (UES) pressure was higher in all ALS patients. UES spasms and delayed gastric emptying were detected in two B and one S and in two B and four S patients, respectively. There was no correlation between esophagogastric motor abnormalities and clinical characteristics of ALS, nor GI symptoms.ConclusionsThe presence of UES spasm and the delayed gastric emptying in a subgroup of ALS patients may suggest the role of ANS dysfunction in ALS.
Ketogenic diet treatment for super-refractory status epilepticus in the intensive care unit: feasibility, safety and effectiveness
Authors: Ren Yishu , Zhang Mengyao , Fu Xinxiao , Zhang Yan , Liu Fang , Wu Chenglin , Shi Haiyan , Tian Fei , Liu Gang , Lin Yicong , Su Yingying , Chen Weibi 
Published: January 2025

Background and aimsTo investigate the feasibility, safety and effectiveness of the ketogenic diet (KD) for super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) in the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsWe conducted a prospective investigation on patients with SRSE treated with the KD. The primary outcome measures were ketosis development as a biomarker of feasibility and resolution of SRSE as effectiveness. KD-related side effects were also investigated.ResultsTwelve patients (9 females and 3 males) with SRSE, with a median age of 34 years [range 16–69, interquartile range (IQR) 18–52], were treated with a KD. The median duration of SRSE prior to KD treatment was 21 days (range 4–46). SRSE resolved in 75% (9/12) of patients at a median of 3 days (range 1–18) after KD initiation. Among the nine KD responders, all were successfully weaned off anesthetic agents at a median of 16 days (range 4–32) after KD initiation, and all were also successfully weaned off ventilator. Side effects varied, and included gastrointestinal intolerances, malnutrition and metabolic abnormalities, electrolyte disturbance, and acute weight loss, although most of them could be corrected. No patient died due to KD, and neurofunctions continued to improve under KD therapy.ConclusionThe KD may be feasible and effective for the treatment of SRSE in the ICU. Moreover, it is relatively safe. However, there are numerous adverse events that can be corrected under close monitoring.
Comparative transcriptomic rhythms in the mouse and human prefrontal cortex
Authors: Burns Jennifer N. , Jenkins Aaron K. , Xue Xiangning , Petersen Kaitlyn A. , Ketchesin Kyle D. , Perez Megan S. , Vadnie Chelsea A. , Scott Madeline R. , Seney Marianne L. , Tseng George C. , McClung Colleen A. 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAlterations in multiple subregions of the human prefrontal cortex (PFC) have been heavily implicated in psychiatric diseases. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that circadian rhythms in gene expression are present across the brain, including in the PFC, and that these rhythms are altered in disease. However, investigation into the potential circadian mechanisms underlying these diseases in animal models must contend with the fact that the human PFC is highly evolved and specialized relative to that of rodents.MethodsHere, we use RNA sequencing to lay the groundwork for translational studies of molecular rhythms through a sex-specific, cross species comparison of transcriptomic rhythms between the mouse medial PFC (mPFC) and two subregions of the human PFC, the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC).ResultsWe find that while circadian rhythm signaling is conserved across species and subregions, there is a phase shift in the expression of core clock genes between the mouse mPFC and human PFC subregions that differs by sex. Furthermore, we find that the identity of rhythmic transcripts is largely unique between the mouse mPFC and human PFC subregions, with the most overlap (20%, 236 transcripts) between the mouse mPFC and the human ACC in females. Nevertheless, we find that basic biological processes are enriched for rhythmic transcripts across species, with key differences between regions and sexes.DiscussionTogether, this work highlights both the evolutionary conservation of transcriptomic rhythms and the advancement of the human PFC, underscoring the importance of considering cross-species differences when using animal models.
The association between controlling nutritional status and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Yafang , Nie Chuang , Li Na , Liang Jieying , Su Ning , Yang Chunhua 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundPostoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) significantly impact surgical outcomes, and Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, a simple and easily available nutritional score, has been demonstrated to be significantly associated with postoperative patient outcomes and complications, including PPCs. However, there are few studies that specifically focus on patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 2,553 patients who underwent radical surgery for CRC at the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University. Patients were divided into three groups: normal nutrition group (CONUT≤1), mild malnutrition group (2 ≤ CONUT≤4), and moderate-to-severe malnutrition group (CONUT≥5). Risk factors for PPCs and all-cause mortality were evaluated by multivariate regression. In addition, we assessed surgical outcomes including ICU admission, hospital stay, 1-year mortality and tumor-related mortality.ResultsThe incidence of PPCs was 9.0% (n = 230). Multiple regression showed that the higher the CONUT score, the higher the risk of PPCs (mild malnutrition group vs. normal nutrition group, OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.18–2.20, p = 0.003; moderate-to-severe malnutrition group vs. normal nutrition group, OR: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.51–3.84, p &lt; 0.001). All-cause mortality was significantly higher in moderate-to-severe malnutrition group than that in normal nutrition group, HR: 1.88, (95% CI: 1.34–2.62, p &lt; 0.001). Older age, male sex, chronic heart disease, open surgery, blood transfusion during surgery, distant metastasis of tumor and colon tumor were all risk factors for PPCs. Furthermore, the malnutrition groups had poor surgical outcomes including postoperative pneumonia (mild vs. normal nutrition, OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.07–2.52, p = 0.024; moderate-to-severe vs. normal nutrition, OR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.36–4.62, p = 0.00), ICU admission (mild vs. normal nutrition, OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.31–3.56, p = 0.002; moderate-to-severe vs. normal nutrition, OR: 3.86, 95% CI: 2.07–7.20, p &lt; 0.001), hospital stay ≥14 days (mild vs. normal nutrition, OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.08–1.56, p = 0.006) and 1-year mortality (mild vs. normal nutrition, HR: 1.65, 95% CI: 1.11–2.46, p = 0.014; moderate-to-severe vs. normal nutrition, HR: 2.27, 95% CI: 1.28–4.02, p = 0.005).ConclusionThe preoperative CONUT score is a potential indicator for predicting PPCs and surgical outcomes in CRC patients.
Trends and future predictions of chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus type 2 attributable to dietary risks: insights based on GBD 2021 data
Authors: Xu Ming , Wei Hongxia , Lv Dongqing , Wei Yanhong , Liu Ziang , Zhang Yi , Liu Yunfeng 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study shows a continuous increase in the burden of chronic kidney disease due to diabetes mellitus type 2 (CKD-T2DM) from 1990 to 2021. This study examines the influence of dietary risk factors across various populations and socioeconomic groups.MethodsUtilizing the 2021 GBD data, we analyzed age-standardized CKD-T2DM metrics—including mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALY), and age-standardized rates (ASR)—stratified by age, gender, and region. The study employs estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) to monitor temporal trends and project future trends from 2022 to 2035 using bayesian age-period-cohort (BAPC) analysis.ResultsThe results indicate that, in 2021, 20.55% of CKD-T2DM mortality and 23.21% of CKD-T2DM DALY were attributed to poor diets, especially those low in fruits and high in red and high processed meat. Throughout this period, both mortality and DALY rates associated with dietary risks increased significantly, with the most rapid increase in diet high in sugar-sweetened beverages, highlighting the considerable impact of dietary factors on the global CKD-T2DM landscape. Geographic disparities in T2DM trends are evident, with the most significant increases in age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) observed in regions such as high-income North America and Central Latin America. Socio-demographic index (SDI) is negatively correlated with the CKD-T2DM burden attributable to dietary risk factors.ConclusionPublic health interventions that target dietary changes can significantly reduce the global burden of CKD-T2DM.
Case report: Endolymphatic sac tumor with blurred vision
Authors: Yuan Ke , Luo Weijian , Chen Jia , Peng Quanzhou , Tong Xiaoguang , Hu Jiliang 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionEndolymphatic sac tumor (ELST) is a rare neoplasm that exhibits aggressive growth primarily in the endolymphatic capsule and can potentially affect nearby neurovascular structures. The diagnosis of ELST poses challenges due to its low prevalence, gradual progression, and nonspecific symptomatology. It is currently believed that prompt surgical intervention is recommended for endolymphatic sac tumors upon diagnosis. In cases where the lesion is complex or in close proximity to vital blood vessels and nerves, making complete resection challenging, adjuvant therapy may be employed postoperatively. This approach aims to enhance treatment outcomes.Case presentationA case of a 53-year-old male was admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery of Shenzhen People’s Hospital with the main cause of dizziness and blurred vision, and was found to have an occupation in the pontocerebellar angle for about 20 days. Preoperative cranial CT suggested that the temporal bone mastoid was widely damaged with worm-like bone, and some of them showed honeycomb changes. MRI suggested that shadow was seen in the posterior part of the left internal auditory canal, temporal bone mastoid and jugular foramen, with a size of about 28x21x27mm.The T1-weighted image showed low and equal signals, and the T2-weighted image showed equal and slightly low signals in the center with multicompartmental cystic high signals in the margin. The center of the mass strengthened significantly after enhancement. The patient had no other clinical manifestations and no family history. The clinical diagnosis was left-sided pontocerebellar angle occupation - nature to be determined. The occupation was resected microscopically using the distal lateral combined anterior approach to the sigmoid sinus. Due to the extremely rich blood supply of the tumor, the tumor was embedded in the petrous humerus, which was soft and tough, and the surrounding structures were not clearly displayed, making surgical resection extremely difficult. postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed that this lesion was an endolymphatic cystic tumor. After surgery, most of the tumor was successfully resected while preserving neurological function well, and the residual tumor was treated with adjuvant gamma knife with good results.ConclusionELST is a rare, low-grade, locally aggressive tumor that is difficult to diagnose early. During the surgery, it was observed that the tumor had a significant blood supply, which made its removal challenging. Preoperative embolization of the tumor’s blood supply artery would facilitate surgical resection and help avoid massive intraoperative bleeding. Complete surgical resection is the treatment of choice, and any remaining tumor remnants can be managed with adjuvant radiotherapy post-surgery, necessitating long-term follow-up to monitor any developments.