bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and optical properties of Mg1−xMnxP2O6(x = 0–1.0) magnesium metaphosphate
Authors: Wei Donglei , Yang Xifeng , Liu Yushen , Seo Hyo Jin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStructural and optical properties of Mg1−xMnxP2O6(x = 0–1.0) magnesium metaphosphate were investigated in detail. The complete solid solution of MgP2O6–MnP2O6is confirmed as monoclinic space groupC2/c. The dynamic luminescence was studied by changing the Mn2+content (0–100 mol%) and temperature (10–300 K). There is a good chemical homogeneity in Mg1−xMnxP2O6(x = 0–1.0), which can be supported by the linearly varying cell size and the gradually changing vibration spectrum. However, the optical properties of the solid solution do not show a continuous change trend, that is, an obvious inflection point appeared whenx = 0.5. Mg1−xMnxP2O6(x = 0.1–0.5) shows a dominant O2− → Mn2+charge transfer (CT) absorption in the near UV region and feeble d–d transitions of Mn2+in visible wavelength region. However, Mg1−xMnxP2O6(x = 0.6–1.0) presents a strong d–d absorption transition and nearly disappeared CT band. The changing trend of optical absorption is also maintained in the excitation and emission of the solid solutions. In Mg1−xMnxP2O6(x = 0.1–0.5), (Mn, Mg)O6octahedron has slight distortion, and the effective luminescence only occurs when CT band excitation is used. In contrast, in Mg1−xMnxP2O6(x = 0.6–1.0), (Mn, Mg)O6octahedron is highly distorted, and only excitation at d–d transition produces effective luminescence. This research highlights the critical role of MnO6octahedral distortions in the luminescence properties of Mn2+activators. The research provides a reference for developing optical materials.
Nano‐biotechnology in tumour and cancerous disease: A perspective review
Authors: Soni Ambikesh , Bhandari Manohar Prasad , Tripathi Gagan Kant , Bundela Priyavand , Khiriya Pradeep Kumar , Khare Purnima Swarup , Kashyap Manoj Kumar , Dey Abhijit , Vellingiri Balachandar , Sundaramurthy Suresh , Suresh Arisutha , Pérez de la Lastra José M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn recent years, drug manufacturers and researchers have begun to consider the nanobiotechnology approach to improve the drug delivery system for tumour and cancer diseases. In this article, we review current strategies to improve tumour and cancer drug delivery, which mainly focuses on sustaining biocompatibility, biodistribution, and active targeting. The conventional therapy using cornerstone drugs such as fludarabine, cisplatin etoposide, and paclitaxel has its own challenges especially not being able to discriminate between tumour versus normal cells which eventually led to toxicity and side effects in the patients. In contrast to the conventional approach, nanoparticle‐based drug delivery provides target‐specific delivery and controlled release of the drug, which provides a better therapeutic window for treatment options by focusing on the eradication of diseased cells via active targeting and sparing normal cells via passive targeting. Additionally, treatment of tumours associated with the brain is hampered by the impermeability of the blood–brain barriers to the drugs, which eventually led to poor survival in the patients. Nanoparticle‐based therapy offers superior delivery of drugs to the target by breaching the blood–brain barriers. Herein, we provide an overview of the properties of nanoparticles that are crucial for nanotechnology applications. We address the potential future applications of nanobiotechnology targeting specific or desired areas. In particular, the use of nanomaterials, biostructures, and drug delivery methods for the targeted treatment of tumours and cancer are explored.
Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on acute dermatology referrals in a secondary and tertiary care Central London hospital. A retrospective comparison review of pre‐COVID‐19 era and COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Panagou Evangelia , Panou Evdoxia , Crawley Jennifer , Veraitch Ophelia , Edmonds Emma V. , Bunker Chris B. , Martyn‐Simmons Claire L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough Dermatology is largely considered an outpatient specialty, there is an increasing need for Dermatology input in the acute and inpatient setting. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, Dermatology services had to be reorganized to facilitate staff redeployment and minimize the risk of exposure to COVID‐19 for patients and staff. This led to an unprecedented increase in teleconsultations aided by clinical images.ObjectivesThe main aim of our retrospective study was to analyse the acute Dermatology referrals received in the pre‐COVID‐19 era and during COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed acute Dermatology referrals using the acute referral log.ResultsWe retrospectively analysed 500 and 110 acute Dermatology referrals received in the pre‐COVID‐19 period and during COVID‐19 pandemic, respectively. In the pre‐COVID‐19 era, consultations were most commonly requested by Oncology/Haemato‐Oncology, Emergency Departments and General Practice, while during the COVID‐19 pandemic General Practice was the most common source of referrals. A wide variety of dermatological conditions were encountered with the most common been eczematous dermatoses.ConclusionsAlthough Dermatology is largely an outpatient‐based specialty, this study shows the demand for urgent Dermatology input the care of sick patients with severe skin diseases and in the management of skin problems in patients admitted or receiving treatment for other diseases. Re‐organization of Dermatology services during the COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in a marked increase in teleconsultations (28% versus 84.5%) and highlighted the importance of complete skin‐directed physical examination by the referring clinician as well as procurement of good quality clinical images.
Expression pattern analysis ofanti‐Mullerianhormone in testis development of pearlscale angelfish (Centropyge vrolikii)
Authors: Xu Yan , Zhong Zhao‐wei , Feng Yan , Zhang Ze‐yu , Ao Lu‐lu , Liu Hongwei , Wang Yi‐lei , Jiang Yong‐hua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn vertebrates, anti‐Mullerian hormone (Amh) secreted by Sertoli cells (SC) performs a pivotal function in male sex differentiation. Compared with that of higher vertebrates, the expression pattern ofAmhis more diversified in fish. In this study, the full‐length complementary DNA (cDNA) ofAmhinCentropyge vrolikii(Cv‐Amh) was cloned and analysed, which was 2,470 bp, including a 238 bp 5'UTR, a 1,602 bp ORF and a 633 bp 3'UTR; the similarity ofAmhbetweenCv‐Amh and other fish is relatively high. The quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) results of healthy tissues and gonads at sex reversal stages inC. vrolikiishowed that the expression level ofAmhin the testis was significantly higher than that in other tissues (P < 0.05).Amhwas weakly expressed in the vitellogenic stage ovary and perinucleolus stage ovary, but its expression significantly increased in the gonads at the hermaphroditic stage, and finally reached the highest in the pure testis after sexual reversal. The results ofin situhybridization indicated that the positive signal ofAmhwas strongly concentrated in SCs of testis. AfterAmhknockdown in the gonads, the effect on sex‐related genes was tested using qRT‐PCR. Among these, the expression ofDmrt1,Cyp11a,Hsd11b2,Sox8andSox9significantly decreased, whereas that ofCyp19a,Sox4,Foxl2andSox3increased. These results suggested thatAmhcould be the pivotal gene in reproductive regulation inC. vrolikii, and the data will contribute to sex‐related research ofC. vrolikiiin the future.
The voltage‐gated sodium channel NaV1.7 underlies endometriosis‐associated chronic pelvic pain
Authors: Castro Joel , Maddern Jessica , Chow Chun Yuen , Tran Poanna , Vetter Irina , King Glenn F. , Brierley Stuart M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChronic pelvic pain (CPP) is the primary symptom of endometriosis patients, but adequate treatments are lacking. Modulation of ion channels expressed by sensory nerves innervating the viscera has shown promise for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and overactive bladder. However, similar approaches for endometriosis‐associated CPP remain underdeveloped. Here, we examined the role of the voltage‐gated sodium (NaV) channel NaV1.7 in (i) the sensitivity of vagina‐innervating sensory afferents and investigated whether (ii) NaV1.7 inhibition reduces nociceptive signals from the vagina and (iii) ameliorates endometriosis‐associated CPP. The mechanical responsiveness of vagina‐innervating sensory afferents was assessed with ex vivo single‐unit recording preparations. Pain evoked by vaginal distension (VD) was quantified by the visceromotor response (VMR) in vivo. In control mice, pharmacological activation of NaV1.7 with OD1 sensitised vagina‐innervating pelvic afferents to mechanical stimuli. Using a syngeneic mouse model of endometriosis, we established that endometriosis sensitised vagina‐innervating pelvic afferents to mechanical stimuli. The highly selective NaV1.7 inhibitor Tsp1a revealed that this afferent hypersensitivity occurred in a NaV1.7‐dependent manner. Moreover, in vivo intra‐vaginal treatment with Tsp1a reduced the exaggerated VMRs to VD which is characteristic of mice with endometriosis. Conversely, Tsp1a did not alter ex vivo afferent mechanosensitivity nor in vivo VMRs to VD in Sham control mice. Collectively, these findings suggest that NaV1.7 plays a crucial role in endometriosis‐induced vaginal hyperalgesia. Importantly, NaV1.7 inhibition selectively alleviated endometriosis‐associated CPP without the loss of normal sensation, suggesting that selective targeting of NaV1.7 could improve the quality of life of women with endometriosis.image
New onset MDA‐5 positive dermatomyositis and massive perivillous fibrin deposition in third trimester of pregnancy: A case report
Authors: Krones Charlotte , Vu Mi , Popp Benjamin , Scardamaglia Laura 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe report a case of a 42‐year‐old woman (Gravida 1, Para 1) who presented in her third trimester of pregnancy with a photo distributed eruption and arthralgias and was subsequently diagnosed with dermatomyositis. She had an emergency Caesarean section at 34 weeks plus 6 days gestation due to decreased fetal movements and non‐reassuring fetal heart rate. Her placenta was sent for histopathology and showed features of massive perivillous fibrin deposition. To our knowledge, this is the first case of MDA‐5 positive dermatomyositis in pregnancy with a live delivery.
Evaluation of the relationship between GOHAI, MNA and the dental hygiene of using denture wearers for older patients
Authors: Erdinç Gülbahar , Yiğit Elif 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of removable dentures increase due to tooth loss that occurs with ageing. The relationship between age, use of removable dentures and nutrition is important.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of the GOHAI, the MNA, and the dental hygiene of older patients using dental prostheses.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of people over 65 who used removable prostheses in at least one jaw (partial or complete denture) for a minimum of 6 months (n = 120). The data were collected using questionnaires of a qualified examiner and oral clinical tests with interviewers in person. The subjects' nutritional status was assessed by a Turkish version of the mini nutritional assessment (MNA). GOHAI questionnaire was used to evaluate those aspects considered to have an impact on the quality of life of the older population, such as functional limitation, aesthetic dissatisfaction, chewing discomfort, avoidance of particular food, out‐of‐social contacts and self‐medication administered for dental pain.ResultsThere was no statistically significant correlation between the GOHAI score and sociodemographic and intraoral data (p > .050). A negative correlation was found between age and MNA. A statistically significant difference was found between the MNA score's median values according to the participant's education level, type of prosthesis, and marital status (p < .050). Good was determined as the highest GOHAI category with 54%.ConclusionThere is a negative correlation between age and MNA. The risk of malnutrition increases with age. Since the oral condition also affects the patient's systemic condition, the team caring for geriatric patients must bring these people to the maximum level of life in a multidisciplinary manner.
Self‐reported sleep bruxism and mortality in 1990–2020 in a nationwide twin cohort
Authors: Ahlberg Jari , Lobbezoo Frank , Manfredini Daniele , Piirtola Maarit , Hublin Christer , Kaprio Jaakko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association of sleep bruxism with mortality has not been studied.ObjectivesAltogether 12 040 subjects from the nationwide Finnish twin cohort were included in the analyses. We examined whether self‐reported sleep bruxism is associated with increased risk of mortality, and if so, whether the effect is independent of known common risk factors. The time span of the follow‐up was 30 years.MethodsCox proportional hazards regression models (Hazard Ratios and their 95% Confidence Intervals) adjusted by age, sex and covariates were used to assess the effect of baseline bruxism status in 1990 on future mortality in 1990–2020.ResultsThe risk of mortality among all participants (n = 12 040), independent of missing covariates and adjusted by age and sex, was 40% higher in weekly bruxers than in never bruxers (HR 1.40, 95% CI 1.16–1.68, p < .001). However, when adjusted by all studied covariates, (n = 11 427) the risk was no longer observed (HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.86–1.25, p = .717). Despite the overall lack of between bruxism and mortality after adjustment for covariates, we examined the cause‐specific risks for major cause‐of‐death groups. There were no substantial associations of weekly bruxism with major disease outcomes by the fully adjusted hazard ratios for them.ConclusionBruxism does not kill—in line with its definition of being rather a behaviour (with all its phenotypes) than a disease.
Comparison of the triglyceride glucose index and modified triglyceride glucose indices in assessing periodontitis in Korean adults
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Jeong , Lee Ji‐Won , Kim Sue , Kwon Yu‐Jin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeriodontal diseases are closely connected with insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome. The Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG) assesses IR, and recently, a few indices combining TyG and body composition have emerged with higher IR predictive performance than TyG alone. We aimed to examine which TyG‐related parameters are most helpful in predicting the risk of periodontal disease.MethodsFrom 2013 to 2015, data were collected through the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Periodontitis was defined using the Community Periodontal Index. TyG‐body mass index (BMI), TyG‐waist circumference (WC), and TyG‐waist‐to‐height ratio (WHtR) were calculated by multiplying TyG index score by BMI, WC, and WHtR, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to estimate areas under the curve (AUC).ResultsCompared to each reference quartile (Q)1, Q4 of the TyG index, TyG‐BMI, TyG‐WC, and TyG‐WHtR were significantly associated with a higher risk of periodontitis after adjusting for confounders (OR, 95% CI; 1.23, 1.01–1.49 for TyG; 1.63, 1.22–2.17 for TyG‐BMI; 1.37, 1.04–1.81 for TyG‐WC; and 1.53, 1.16–2.02 for TyG‐WHtR). The AUC and 95% CIs of TyG, TyG‐BMI, TyG‐WC, and TyG‐WHtR in predicting periodontitis were 0.609 (0.600–0.617), 0.605 (0.596–0.617), 0.629 (0.621–0.637), and 0.636 (0.628–0.644), respectively (all p < .001).ConclusionsTyG, TyG‐BMI, TyG‐WC, and TyG‐WHtR appear to be significantly associated with the prevalence of periodontitis. Among the TyG and modified TyG indices, TyG‐WHtR exhibited the highest predictive performance for periodontitis.
Effect of sirolimus on insulin dynamics in horses
Authors: de Tonnerre Demia J. , Medina Torres Carlos E. , Stefanovski Darko , Robinson Mary A. , Kemp Kate L. , Bertin François‐René , van Eps Andrew W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSirolimus, a mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitor, suppresses insulin production in other species and has therapeutic potential for hyperinsulinemia in horses.Hypothesis/ObjectiveDetermine the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of sirolimus and evaluate its effect on insulin dynamics in healthy and insulin dysregulation (ID) horses.AnimalsEight Standardbred geldings.MethodsA PK study was performed followed by a placebo‐controlled, randomized, crossover study. Blood sirolimus concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography‐mass‐spectrometry. PK indices were estimated by fitting a 2‐compartment model using nonlinear least squares regression. An oral glucose test (OGT) was conducted before and 4, 24, 72, and 144 hours after administration of sirolimus or placebo. Effects of time, treatment and animal on blood glucose and insulin concentrations were analyzed using mixed‐effects linear regression. Sirolimus was then administered to 4 horses with dexamethasone‐induced ID and an OGT was performed at baseline, after ID induction and after 7 days of treatment.ResultsMedian (range) maximum sirolimus concentration was 277.0 (247.5‐316.06) ng/mL at 5 (5‐10) min and half‐life was 3552 (3248‐4767) min. Mean (range) oral bioavailability was 9.5 (6.8‐12.4)%. Sirolimus had a significant effect on insulin concentration 24 hours after a single dose: median (interquartile range) insulin at 60 min (5.0 [3.7‐7.0] μIU/mL) was 37 (−5 to 54)% less than placebo (8.7 [5.8‐13.7] μIU/mL, P = .03); and at 120 min (10.2 [8.4‐12.2] μIU/mL) was 28 (−15 to 53)% less than placebo (14.9 [8.4‐24.8] μIU/mL, P = .02). There was minimal effect on glucose concentration. Insulin responses decreased toward baseline in ID horses after 7 days of treatment.Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceSirolimus decreased the insulinemic response to glucose and warrants further investigation.
Digital lamellar inflammatory signaling in an experimental model of equine preferential weight bearing
Authors: Burns Teresa A. , Watts Mauria R. , Belknap James K. , van Eps Andrew W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSupporting limb laminitis (SLL) is a complication of severe orthopedic disease in horses and is often life‐limiting, yet the pathophysiology remains obscure.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo investigate the role of digital lamellar inflammatory signaling in the pathophysiology of SLL using a model of unilateral weight bearing, hypothesizing that there would be evidence of lamellar inflammation in limbs subjected to the model.AnimalsThirteen healthy adult Standardbred horses were used for this study (11 geldings, 2 mares; mean age 6.5 ± 2.5 years; mean body weight 458.3 ± 32.8 kg).MethodsRandomized controlled experimental study. A steel shoe with a custom insert was applied to a randomly selected front foot of 7 horses; 6 horses were unshod and served as controls. After 92 hours, all horses were humanely euthanized, and digital lamellar samples were collected. Lamellar protein and mRNA were isolated and used to perform western blot and PCR.ResultsLamellar concentrations of IL‐6 mRNA were higher in SL tissue than IL HIND tissue (median [25%‐75%] normalized copy number 191 [111‐3060] and 48 [25‐74], respectively; P=.003), and lamellar concentrations of COX‐2 mRNA were higher in SL tissue than CON tissue (normalized copy number 400 [168‐634] and 125 [74‐178], respectively; P=.007). Lamellar concentrations of IL‐1B, IL‐10, and COX‐1 mRNA were not significantly different between groups. The concentrations of phosphorylated (activated) STAT1 and STAT3 proteins were higher in SL (0.5 [0.35‐0.87] and 1.35 [1.1‐1.7], respectively) compared to CON (0.24 [0.09‐0.37] and 0.31 [0.16‐037]) and UL HIND (0.27 [0.19‐0.37] and 0.38 [0.24‐0.5]); P=0.01 and P<0.001.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceLamellar inflammatory signaling was higher in tissue from horses subjected to prolonged unilateral weight‐bearing, suggesting that these pathways could be relevant to the pathophysiology of SLL.
Mineralogical alteration of a type A CAI from Allende CV3 chondrite: Formation of secondary dmisteinbergite and its phase transition to anorthite
Authors: Enokido Yuma , Nakamura Tomoki , Matsumoto Megumi , Miyake Akira , Shibuya Takazo , Park Changkun , Zolensky Mike 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDmisteinbergite, a hexagonal form of CaAl2Si2O8, was found in a compact type A Ca‐Al‐rich inclusion (CAI) in the Allende CV3 chondrite. Scanning and transmission electron microscopic observations show that dmisteinbergite was always in contact with grossular and grossular was in contact with melilite. In addition, there is a crystallographic relationship between dmisteinbergite and anorthite. Based on the textural and crystallographic evidence, the following mineralogical alteration processes are proposed to have occurred in the CAI. (1) Melilite was replaced by grossular. High densities of vesicles in the grossular indicate that hydrogrossular might have been the primary alteration phase and dehydrated by later metamorphism. (2) Dmisteinbergite formed from (hydro)grossular through a reaction with Si‐rich fluid. (3) Nano‐sized minerals are formed within dmisteinbergite. (4) Dmisteinbergite was transformed to anorthite. (5) Both anorthite and dmisteinbergite were altered to nepheline. (6) Hydrogrossular was dehydrated to grossular. (Hydro)grossular, dmisteinbergite, anorthite, and nepheline in the CAI seem to have formed in the course of metasomatism that occurred in the Allende parent body. Except for the hydrogrossular dehydration, these reactions could have occurred at moderate temperature (200–250°C) in high pH fluids (pH 13–14) according to past experimental studies. Episodic changes in fluid composition seem to have occurred before reactions (2), (4), and (5), because these reactions were not completed before the next reaction started. Higher temperature is required for reactions (5) and (6) to occur. Our observation of the CAI suggests that it experienced multiple episodes of metasomatism as temperatures were rising in the Allende parent asteroid.
The Mba1 homologue of Trypanosoma brucei is involved in the biogenesis of oxidative phosphorylation complexes
Authors: Wenger Christoph , Harsman Anke , Niemann Moritz , Oeljeklaus Silke , von Känel Corinne , Calderaro Salvatore , Warscheid Bettina , Schneider André 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConsistent with other eukaryotes, the Trypanosoma brucei mitochondrial genome encodes mainly hydrophobic core subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system. These proteins must be co‐translationally inserted into the inner mitochondrial membrane and are synthesized by the highly unique trypanosomal mitoribosomes, which have a much higher protein to RNA ratio than any other ribosome. Here, we show that the trypanosomal orthologue of the mitoribosome receptor Mba1 (TbMba1) is essential for normal growth of procyclic trypanosomes but redundant in the bloodstream form, which lacks an oxidative phosphorylation system. Proteomic analyses of TbMba1‐depleted mitochondria from procyclic cells revealed reduced levels of many components of the oxidative phosphorylation system, most of which belong to the cytochrome c oxidase (Cox) complex, three subunits of which are mitochondrially encoded. However, the integrity of the mitoribosome and its interaction with the inner membrane were not affected. Pull‐down experiments showed that TbMba1 forms a dynamic interaction network that includes the trypanosomal Mdm38/Letm1 orthologue and a trypanosome‐specific factor that stabilizes the CoxI and CoxII mRNAs. In summary, our study suggests that the function of Mba1 in the biogenesis of membrane subunits of OXPHOS complexes is conserved among yeast, mammals and trypanosomes, which belong to two eukaryotic supergroups.