bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of pulsed dye laser treatment in psoriasis: A nerve‐wrecking process?
Authors: Doppegieter Meagan , van der Beek Nick , Bakker Erik N. T. P. , Neumann Martino H. A. , van Bavel Ed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPulsed dye laser (PDL) therapy can be effective in treating psoriasis, with a long duration of remission. Although PDL therapy, albeit on a modest scale, is being used for decades now, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the long‐term remission of psoriasis remain poorly understood. The selective and rapid absorption of energy by the blood causes heating of the vascular wall and surrounding structures, like perivascular nerves. Several studies indicate the importance of nerves in psoriatic inflammation. Interestingly, denervation leads to a spontaneous remission of the psoriatic lesion. Among all dermal nerves, the perivascular nerves are the most likely to be affected during PDL treatment, possibly impairing the neuro‐inflammatory processes that promote T‐cell activation, expression of adhesion molecules, leukocyte infiltration and cytokine production. Repeated PDL therapy could cause a prolonged loss of innervation through nerve damage, or result in a ‘reset’ of neurogenic inflammation after temporary denervation. The current hypothesis provides strong arguments that PDL treatment affects nerve fibres in the skin and thereby abrogates the persistent and exaggerated inflammatory process underlying psoriasis, causing a long‐term remission of psoriasis.
Cracking during freeze‐drying in dense freeze cast ceramics: Role of drying rate
Authors: Pinches Samuel , Franks George V. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCracks can form during the freeze‐drying of freeze cast ceramic suspensions while attempting to produce dense ceramics. The suspensions contain alumina particles dispersed in cyclohexane. The rate of drying is controlled by the pressure and temperature during drying (slow drying at atmospheric pressure and −15°C and fast drying under vacuum while the temperature slowly increases from −80°C to room temperature). X‐Ray micro‐computed tomography was used to characterize internal crack formation. Cracks were found to occur during freeze‐drying rather than during freezing. Both slow and fast drying produced cracks, although two different morphologies were observed. Mechanistic models are proposed for the formation of both types of cracks. The rate of freezing was found to influence the formation of cracks. Slow freezing tended to reduce the formation of drying cracks because the slower freezing produced a more heterogeneous distribution of particles and porous regions, which tends to allow stress to be relieved by opening up existing pores rather than forming cracks in the more homogeneous fast frozen bodies.
Phase 1 of collaborative action around the implementation of virtual hearing aid care: Development of a clinical practice guideline
Authors: Glista Danielle , O'Hagan Robin , DiFabio Danielle , Moodie Sheila , Muñoz Karen , Curca Ioan Aurelian , Meston Christine , Richert Frances , Pfingstgraef Dave , Nageswaran Luxshmi , Brown Christine , Joseph Keiran , Bagatto Marlene 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRationaleThere is a growing demand for comprehensive, evidence‐based, and accessible clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to address virtual service delivery. This demand was particularly evident within the field of hearing healthcare during the COVID‐19 pandemic, when providers were faced with an immediate need to offer services at a distance. Considering the recent advancement in information and communication technologies, the slow uptake of virtual care, and the lack of knowledge tools to support clinical integration in hearing healthcare, a Knowledge‐to‐Action Framework was used to address the virtual care delivery research‐to‐practice gap.Aims and ObjectivesThis paper outlines the development of a CPG specific to provider‐directed virtual hearing aid care. Clinical integration of the guideline took place during the COVID‐19 pandemic and in alignment with an umbrella project aimed at implementing and evaluating virtual hearing aid care incorporating many different stakeholders.MethodEvidence from two systematic literature reviews guided the CPG development. Collaborative actions around knowledge creation resulted in the development of a draft CPG (v1.9) and the mobilisation of the guideline into participating clinical sites.Results and ConclusionLiterature review findings are discussed along with the co‐creation process that included 13 team members, from various research and clinical backgrounds, who participated in the writing, revising, and finalising of the draft version of the guideline.
Debt enforcement, financial leverage, and product failures: Evidence from China and the United States
Authors: Yang Yaopan , Li Songsong , Wu Hengqin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBuilding on capital structure and product market interactions, and the role of debt enforcement in leveraged firms' investments, we examine whether cross‐country debt enforcement can produce different associations between financial leverage and product failures. Results show that different debt enforcement systems can generate opposite leverage effects. In countries with weak/nearly ineffective debt enforcement, financial leverage shows an incentive investment effect due to low default costs, and thus highly leveraged firms tend to invest more and are less likely to have product failures. Conversely, in countries with strict/effective debt enforcement, distressed companies tend to have an underinvestment effect and more product failures.
Economic optimization of coastal flood defence systems including storm surge barrier closure reliability
Authors: Mooyaart Leslie F. , Bakker Alexander M. R. , van den Bogaard Johan A. , Rijcken Ties , Jonkman Sebastiaan N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStorm surge barriers are large movable hydraulic structures which close during a storm surge to prevent coastal floods. In the regions they protect, a failure to close the barrier is often the most likely cause for a catastrophic flood. Nevertheless, flood risk assessments usually only focus on raising flood defences behind the barrier. Despite its importance, there is no general method to assess the costs and benefits of improving the closure reliability. This paper presents a model that optimises investments considering both closure reliability improvements and raising flood defences behind the barrier, using the region protected by the Maeslant barrier as a case. We substantiate that constructing the Maeslant barrier was an optimal economic decision. Moreover, we demonstrate large investments such as a redundant barrier already being economically sound with a few decimetres of sea level rise. Based on our experience with this case study, we expect the model is useful in finding strategies to adapt to rising sea levels and other developments that cause coastal flood risk to rise worldwide.
The role of microglia in 67NR mammary tumor‐induced suppression of brain responses to immune challenges in female mice
Authors: Otto‐Dobos L. D. , Santos J. C. , Strehle L. D. , Grant C. V. , Simon L. A. , Oliver B. , Godbout J. P. , Sheridan J. F. , Barrientos R. M. , Glasper E. R. , Pyter L. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is poorly understood how solid peripheral tumors affect brain neuroimmune responses despite the various brain‐mediated side effects and higher rates of infection reported in cancer patients. We hypothesized that chronic low‐grade peripheral tumor‐induced inflammation conditions microglia to drive suppression of neuroinflammatory responses to a subsequent peripheral immune challenge. Here, Balb/c murine mammary tumors attenuated the microglial inflammatory gene expression responses to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and live Escherichia coli (E. coli) challenges and the fatigue response to an E. coli infection. In contrast, the inflammatory gene expression in response to LPS or a toll‐like receptor 2 agonist of Percoll‐enriched primary microglia cultures was comparable between tumor‐bearing and ‐free mice, as were the neuroinflammatory and sickness behavioral responses to an intracerebroventricular interleukin (IL)‐1β injection. These data led to the hypothesis that Balb/c mammary tumors blunt the neuroinflammatory responses to an immune challenge via a mechanism involving tumor suppression of the peripheral humoral response. Balb/c mammary tumors modestly attenuated select circulating cytokine responses to LPS and E. coli challenges. Further, a second mammary tumor/mouse strain model (E0771 tumors in C57Bl/6 mice) displayed mildly elevated inflammatory responses to an immune challenge. Taken together, these data indicate that tumor‐induced suppression of neuroinflammation and sickness behaviors may be driven by a blunted microglial phenotype, partly because of an attenuated peripheral signal to the brain, which may contribute to infection responses and behavioral side effects reported in cancer patients. Finally, these neuroimmune effects likely vary based on tumor type and/or host immune phenotype.image
Side effects after hyaluronic acid facial injection in adults during COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: López Petra Vega , García Paloma Tejero , López‐Pitalúa Juan Antonio , Pinto Hernán 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDifferent causes may be responsible for delayed inflammatory reactions after hyaluronic acid injections, among them several mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2.AimsThe study's objective was to assess the percentage of adverse reactions after hyaluronic acid injections in a cohort of adult patients with a test for SARS‐CoV‐2 or vaccinated during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Patients/MethodsAn observational, retrospective, comparative, multi‐center, non‐interventional in a real‐life setting study was carried out with patients treated with facial injections of hyaluronic acid from May to September 2021, with a test to discard SARS‐COV 2 or that had been vaccinated.ResultsSixty‐three patients were included. Seven (11.1%) were vaccinated patients without a test for SaRS‐CoV‐2 and 56 (88.9%) with antigenic or PCR screening tests (18 [32.1%] negative and 39 [69.6%] positives for COVID‐19). The mean age was 51.3 (SD 12.71; range 23–70), and 57 (90.5%) were female. Twenty‐three patients (36.5%) had a history of adverse events with hyaluronic acid injections. During the study, 15 adverse events were reported; 11 patients (73.3%) had a history (p = 0.0018); two patients (13.3%) had been vaccinated; 13 (86.7%) had performed a SARS‐CoV2 test (six [46.2%] negatives, and seven [53.8%] with a positive result; p = 0.5969). All adverse study events were resolved, and none had sequelae.ConclusionAdverse events after hyaluronic acid facial injections were higher among patients with a history but not among those diagnosed with COVID‐19. The new scenario related to COVID‐19 infections or vaccinations would require readapting criteria for applying hyaluronic acid injections.
Critical care nurses' role in the decision‐making process of withdrawal of life‐sustaining treatment: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Heradstveit Siri Hammersland , Larsen Marie Hamilton , Solberg Marianne Trygg , Steindal Simen A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo synthesise the qualitative evidence regarding the role of critical care nurses in the decision‐making process of withdrawing life‐sustaining treatment in critically ill adults.DesignQualitative systematic review.Review MethodsThis qualitative systematic review employed the guidelines of Bettany‐Saltikov and McSherry. The review was reported according to the ENTREQ checklist. Pairs of authors independently assessed eligibility, appraised methodological quality and extracted data. Data were synthesised using thematic synthesis.Data SourcesCINAHL, MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for studies published between January 2001 and November 2021.ResultsTwenty‐three studies were included. Three analytical themes were synthesised: performing ethical decision‐making to safeguard patients' needs rights, and wishes; tailoring a supporting role to guide the family's decision‐making process; and taking on the role of the middleman by performing coordination.ConclusionThe role of the critical care nurses in the decision‐making process in withdrawal of life‐sustaining treatment requires experience and the development of the clinical perspective of critical care nurses.Implications for the profession and/or patient careEnhanced knowledge of the decision‐making process of withdrawing life‐sustaining treatment can prepare critical care nurses to be more equipped to master this role and enhance their ability to handle the emotional and moral stress associated with this part of the critical care unit.ImpactThe literature reveals the complex and challenging role of critical care nurses during the decision‐making process of withdrawing life‐sustaining treatment. Critical care nurses perform ethical decision‐making to safeguard patients' concerns, guide the family's decision‐making process and take on the role of the middleman. The findings have implications for critical nurses working in critical care units in hospitals and for educators and students in training in critical care nursing.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution was included.
A modified and effective stem inoculation technique for artificial screening against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in mustard
Authors: Trivedi Shubha , Jambhulkar Prashant P. , Kumar Shailendra , Niranjan Pushpendra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSclerotinia stem rot (SR) disease emerged as a potential threat in most mustard‐growing regions globally. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a necrotrophic pathogen, causes considerable damage to the crop under congenial environments. The sclerotia even under adverse conditions can survive up to 5 years in the soil. The use of resistant sources is the only mean to combat the pathogen. The development of an effective inoculation technique can facilitate the identification of new sources of resistance rapidly. Investigations on resistant sources using Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium for artificial stem inoculation are ongoing under the All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on rapeseed‐mustard for many years but no resistant sources could been identified. In the present study, two non‐injury stem inoculation techniques using sorghum grains and PDA medium as a basal medium were tested on 11 brassica entries for up to three consecutive years. Results revealed that sorghum grain‐based inoculum was found efficient for disease development and lesion formation in brassica entries compared with PDA‐based inoculum. Among the entries, a maximum disease incidence of 42.3% was recorded in entry DRMR 5206 followed by DRMRSJ‐20, DRMRSJ‐22 and DRMR 2017‐8 with 42.1%, 41.8% and 41.3% SR incidence, respectively. In PDA disc inoculation maximum SR incidence of 30.8% was observed in DRMRSJ‐26 followed by DRMR 5206, DRMRSJ‐25 and DRMRSJ‐2017‐18 with 27.5%–24.9%, respectively. Lesion length was more in entries inoculated with fungal mycelium multiplied on sorghum grains compared with the PDA disc inoculation method. The statistical analysis and results of p‐value (<.00001) showed a significant difference between tested methodologies. Thus, the sorghum grain‐based inoculation technique is an appropriate, economic and effective non‐injury inoculation technique for artificial screening against S. sclerotiorum in the mustard crop. This technique can be used to screen a large number of brassica entries more efficiently with less labour and time.
Serum nerve growth factor in horses with osteoarthritis‐associated lameness
Authors: Kendall Anna , Lützelschwab Claudia , Lundblad Johan , Skiöldebrand Eva 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundNerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophin that is increased in osteoarthritic joints of horses. In humans, NGF has been associated with pain, and both synovial and serum NGF concentrations are increased in osteoarthritic patients. Studies in humans also have shown that serum NGF concentration can increase with stress. Serum NGF concentration should be evaluated in horses with osteoarthritis‐associated lameness.ObjectivesQuantify and compare serum NGF concentration in horses with osteoarthritis‐associated lameness and sound horses. Additionally, the impact of short‐term stress on serum NGF concentration was investigated.AnimalsLame horses with radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis (n = 20), lame horses without radiographic changes in the affected joint (n = 20) and sound horses (n = 20). In addition, horses with acute fractures (n = 9) were sampled. To determine the effect of stress, serum from horses subjected to a stressful event (transportation, n = 5; stress confirmed by increased serum cortisol concentration) was analyzed.MethodsCross‐sectional clinical study (lame, sound, and fracture cohorts) and experimental longitudinal study (stress cohort). Serum NGF concentration was determined using a quantitative sandwich ELISA.ResultsSerum NGF concentration was increased in lame horses with radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis (P < .0001; median, 238 pg/mL; interquartile range [IQR], 63‐945 pg/mL) and in lame horses without radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis in the painful joint (P < .05; median, 31 pg/mL; IQR, 31‐95 pg/mL) compared with sound horses (median, 31 pg/mL; IQR, 31‐46 pg/mL). Serum NGF concentration did not increase with short‐term stress and was low in horses with fracture‐associated pain.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSerum NGF concentration was high in the cohort with advanced osteoarthritis and should be investigated as a marker for osteoarthritis‐associated pain.
Overlaps and trade‐offs in the diversity and inducibility of volatile chemical profiles among diverse sympatric neotropical canopy trees
Authors: Frost Christopher J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA central goal in ecology is to understand the mechanisms by which biological diversity is maintained. The diversity of plant chemical defences and the strategies by which they are deployed in nature may influence biological diversity. Trees in neotropical forests are subject to relatively high herbivore pressure. Such consistent pressure is thought to select for constitutive, non‐flexible defence‐related phytochemistry with limited capacity for inducible phytochemical responses. However, this has not been explored for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that have a relatively low ratio of production costs to ecological benefits. To test this, I sampled VOCs emitted from canopy leaves of 10 phylogenetically diverse tree species (3 Magnoliids and 7 Rosids) in the Peruvian Amazon before and after induction with the phytohormone methyl jasmonate (MeJA). There was no phylogenetic signal in induction or magnitude of MeJA‐induced VOC emissions from intact leaves: all trees induced VOC profiles dominated by β‐ocimene, linalool, and α‐farnesene of varying ratios. Moreover, overall inducibility of VOCs from intact leaves was unrelated to phytochemical diversity or richness. In contrast, experimentally wounded leaves showed considerable phylogeny‐based and MeJA‐independent variation the richness and diversity of constitutive wound‐emitted VOCs. Moreover, VOC inducibility from wounded leaves correlated negatively with phytochemical richness and diversity, potentially indicating a tradeoff in constitutive and inducible defence strategies for non‐volatile specialised metabolites but not for inducible VOCs. Importantly, there was no correlation between any chemical profile and either natural herbivory or leaf toughness. The coexistence of multiple phytochemical strategies in a hyper‐diverse forest has broad implications for competitive and multitrophic interactions, and the evolutionary forces that maintain the exceptional plant biodiversity in neotropical forests.
BORIS/CTCFL‐mediated chromatin accessibility alterations promote a pro‐invasive transcriptional signature in melanoma cells
Authors: Moscona Roy , Janssen Sanne Marlijn , Elchebly Mounib , Papadakis Andreas Ioannis , Rubin Eitan , Spatz Alan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMelanoma is the deadliest form of skin cancer, due to its tendency to metastasize early. Brother of regulator of imprinted sites (BORIS), also known as CCCTC binding factor‐like (CTCFL), is a transcription regulator that becomes ectopically expressed in melanoma. We recently showed that BORIS contributes to melanoma phenotype switching by altering the gene expression program of melanoma cells from an intermediate melanocytic state toward a more mesenchymal‐like state. However, the mechanism underlying this transcriptional switch remains unclear. Here, ATAC‐seq was used to study BORIS‐mediated chromatin accessibility alterations in melanoma cells harboring an intermediate melanocytic state. The gene set that gained promoter accessibility, following ectopic BORIS expression, showed enrichment for biological processes associated with melanoma invasion, while promoters of genes associated with proliferation showed reduced accessibility. Integration of ATAC‐seq and RNA‐seq data demonstrated that increased chromatin accessibility was associated with transcriptional upregulation of genes involved in tumor progression processes, and the aberrant activation of oncogenic transcription factors, while reduced chromatin accessibility and downregulated genes were associated with repressed activity of tumor suppressors and proliferation factors. Together, these findings indicate that BORIS mediates transcriptional reprogramming in melanoma cells by altering chromatin accessibility and gene expression, shifting the cellular transcription landscape of melanoma cells toward a mesenchymal‐like genetic signature.
Parity affects the relationship between the insemination–ovulation interval and the conception rate in lactating dairy cows
Authors: Koyama Keisuke , Kubo Tomoaki , Koyama Takeshi , Takahashi Yoshiyuki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parity and the optimal insemination–ovulation interval (IOI) in lactating dairy cows, as well as the relationship between the optimal timing of artificial insemination (AI) based on the onset of oestrus and parity. A total of 183 postpartum lactating Holstein cows participated in the study and underwent 522 AI procedures using unsorted frozen semen between 2011 and 2018. Transrectal ultrasound was used to detect ovulation times in 326 AI procedures, and a pedometer was used to detect oestrus onset times in 470 AI procedures. An analysis was also performed on data from 265 AI procedures in which all the times of oestrus onset, oestrus end and ovulation were detected. The results showed that ovulation occurring 6–12 h after AI was associated with the numerical highest conception rate in multiparous cows. Moreover, the conception rate was higher when ovulation occurred between 6 and 12 h after AI than when it occurred between 0 and 6 h or 18 and 24 h after AI. In contrast, the effect of IOI on the conception rate in primiparous cows was insignificant. There was no effect of AI timing based on the oestrus onset on the conception rate in either primiparous or multiparous cows. Furthermore, the interval from oestrus onset to ovulation was similar in primiparous and multiparous cows. The difference in optimal IOI between primiparous and multiparous cows may be due to the larger uterus size in multiparous cows. These findings suggest that the optimal timing for AI in multiparous cows is more restricted than in primiparous cows. Therefore, it is essential to carefully determine the timing of AI when it is performed in multiparous cows.