bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A global model of hourly space heating and cooling demand at multiple spatial scales
Authors: Staffell Iain , Pfenninger Stefan , Johnson Nathan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAccurate modelling of the weather’s temporal and spatial impacts on building energy demand is critical to decarbonizing energy systems. Here we introduce a customizable model for hourly heating and cooling demand applicable globally at all spatial scales. We validate against demand from ~5,000 buildings and 43 regions across four continents. The model requires limited data inputs and shows better agreement with measured demand than existing models. We use it first to demonstrate that a 1 °C reduction in thermostat settings across all buildings could reduce Europe’s gas consumption by 240 TWh yr−1, approximately one-sixth of historical imports from Russia. Second, we show that service demand for cooling is increasing by up to 5% per year in some regions due to climate change, and 5 billion people experience >100 additional cooling degree days per year when compared with a generation ago. The model and underlying data are freely accessible to promote further research.
CryoEM reveals that ribosomes in microsporidian spores are locked in a dimeric hibernating state
Authors: McLaren Mathew , Conners Rebecca , Isupov Michail N. , Gil-Díez Patricia , Gambelli Lavinia , Gold Vicki A. M. , Walter Andreas , Connell Sean R. , Williams Bryony , Daum Bertram 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTranslational control is an essential process for the cell to adapt to varying physiological or environmental conditions. To survive adverse conditions such as low nutrient levels, translation can be shut down almost entirely by inhibiting ribosomal function. Here we investigated eukaryotic hibernating ribosomes from the microsporidian parasite Spraguea lophii in situ by a combination of electron cryo-tomography and single-particle electron cryo-microscopy. We show that microsporidian spores contain hibernating ribosomes that are locked in a dimeric (100S) state, which is formed by a unique dimerization mechanism involving the beak region. The ribosomes within the dimer are fully assembled, suggesting that they are ready to be activated once the host cell is invaded. This study provides structural evidence for dimerization acting as a mechanism for ribosomal hibernation in microsporidia, and therefore demonstrates that eukaryotes utilize this mechanism in translational control.
Wireless electrical–molecular quantum signalling for cancer cell apoptosis
Authors: Jain Akhil , Gosling Jonathan , Liu Shaochuang , Wang Haowei , Stone Eloise M. , Chakraborty Sajib , Jayaraman Padma-Sheela , Smith Stuart , Amabilino David B. , Fromhold Mark , Long Yi-Tao , Pérez-García Lluïsa , Turyanska Lyudmila , Rahman Ruman , Rawson Frankie J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractQuantum biological tunnelling for electron transfer is involved in controlling essential functions for life such as cellular respiration and homoeostasis. Understanding and controlling the quantum effects in biology has the potential to modulate biological functions. Here we merge wireless nano-electrochemical tools with cancer cells for control over electron transfer to trigger cancer cell death. Gold bipolar nanoelectrodes functionalized with redox-active cytochrome c and a redox mediator zinc porphyrin are developed as electric-field-stimulating bio-actuators, termed bio-nanoantennae. We show that a remote electrical input regulates electron transport between these redox molecules, which results in quantum biological tunnelling for electron transfer to trigger apoptosis in patient-derived cancer cells in a selective manner. Transcriptomics data show that the electric-field-induced bio-nanoantenna targets the cancer cells in a unique manner, representing electrically induced control of molecular signalling. The work shows the potential of quantum-based medical diagnostics and treatments.
A scATAC-seq atlas of chromatin accessibility in axolotl brain regions
Authors: Feng Weimin , Liu Shuai , Deng Qiuting , Fu Sulei , Yang Yunzhi , Dai Xi , Wang Shuai , Wang Yijin , Liu Yang , Lin Xiumei , Pan Xiangyu , Hao Shijie , Yuan Yue , Gu Ying , Zhang Xiuqing , Li Hanbo , Liu Longqi , Liu Chuanyu , Fei Ji-Feng , Wei Xiaoyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAxolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) is an excellent model for investigating regeneration, the interaction between regenerative and developmental processes, comparative genomics, and evolution. The brain, which serves as the material basis of consciousness, learning, memory, and behavior, is the most complex and advanced organ in axolotl. The modulation of transcription factors is a crucial aspect in determining the function of diverse regions within the brain. There is, however, no comprehensive understanding of the gene regulatory network of axolotl brain regions. Here, we utilized single-cell ATAC sequencing to generate the chromatin accessibility landscapes of 81,199 cells from the olfactory bulb, telencephalon, diencephalon and mesencephalon, hypothalamus and pituitary, and the rhombencephalon. Based on these data, we identified key transcription factors specific to distinct cell types and compared cell type functions across brain regions. Our results provide a foundation for comprehensive analysis of gene regulatory programs, which are valuable for future studies of axolotl brain development, regeneration, and evolution, as well as on the mechanisms underlying cell-type diversity in vertebrate brains.
A dynamic multi-objective optimization method based on classification strategies
Authors: Wu Fei , Wang Wanliang , Chen Jiacheng , Wang Zheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe dynamic multi-objective optimization problem is a common problem in real life, which is characterized by conflicting objectives, the Pareto frontier (PF) and Pareto solution set (PS) will follow the changing environment. There are various dynamic multi-objective algorithms have been suggested to solve such problems, but most of the methods suffer from the inability to balance the diversity of populations with convergence. Prediction based method is a common approach to solve dynamic multi-objective optimization problems, but such methods only search for probabilistic models of optimal values of decision variables and do not consider whether the decision variables are related to diversity and convergence. Consequently, we present a prediction method based on the classification of decision variables for dynamic multi-objective optimization (DVC), where the decision variables are first pre-classified in the static phase, and then new variables are adjusted and predicted to adapt to the environmental changes. Compared with other advanced prediction strategies, dynamic multi-objective prediction methods based on classification of decision variables are more capable of balancing population diversity and convergence. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm DVC can effectively handle DMOPs.
Effect of calcium carbonate nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles and advanced platelet-rich fibrin for enhancing bone healing in a rabbit model
Authors: Abd-Elkawi Mohamed , Sharshar Ahmed , Misk Tarek , Elgohary Islam , Gadallah Shaaban 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of calcium carbonate nanoparticles (CCNPs) to induce new bone formation in a critical size segmental bone defect in rabbit’s radius when used alone, combined with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a paste, or as a composite containing CCNPs, AgNPs, and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF). Thirty-six adult apparently healthy male New Zealand White rabbits aging from 5 to 6 months and weighting 3.5 ± 0.5 kg were used. The animals were divided into four groups; control group, CCNPs group, CCNPs/AgNPs paste group, and CCNPs/AgNPs/A-PRF composite group. The animals were investigated at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-implantation in which the healing was evaluated using computed tomographic (CT) and histopathological evaluation. The results revealed that CCNPs/AgNPs paste and CCNPs/AgNPs/A-PRF composite has a superior effect regarding the amount and the quality of the newly formed bone compared to the control and the CCNPs alone. In conclusion, addition of AgNPs and/or A-PRF to CCNPs has reduced its resorption rate and improved its osteogenic and osteoinductive properties.
Observed decreasing trend in the upper-tropospheric cloud top temperature
Authors: Liu Huan , Koren Ilan , Altaratz Orit 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObtaining the response of cloud top temperature (CTT) to global warming correctly is crucial for understanding the current and future energy budget of the climate system. For a given cloud fraction, colder CTT implies more longwave radiation being capped within the Earth-atmosphere system, consequently heating it. Current climate models predict an almost fixed CTT for upper-tropospheric clouds as the climate is expected to warm up during the 21st century, as explained by the fixed anvil temperature hypothesis. However, our analysis, based on the last 19 years of satellite observations (12.2002–11.2021), reveals a significant decreasing trend in upper-tropospheric CTT with almost no change in the corresponding cloud fraction. This cooling rate is several times larger than the observed surface warming rate. This finding suggests a missing heating component by upper-tropospheric clouds in current climate predictions.
A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Speech-Language Pathologists' Executive Function Services
Authors: Senter Reed , Chow Jason C. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine school-based speech-language pathologists' (SLPs') implementation of services to address students' executive function (EF) needs, with particular emphasis on the prevalence and characteristics of EF interventions and the factors and barriers that influence service provision for students with EF needs.

Method:
We applied an explanatory sequential mixed-methods research design, beginning with a quantitative survey followed by a series of qualitative interviews. We analyzed the survey results using descriptive data and binary logistic regressions and used the emergent trends to inform our interview protocol, so that we could explore those trends in greater detail and context. We synthesized our quantitative and qualitative data to evaluate the characteristics of EF interventions and the factors influencing services.

Results:
Most SLPs reported that they addressed their students' EF needs through some sort of direct or indirect intervention. Direct interventions varied by targeted domain, service delivery setting, and teaching techniques, though most SLPs favored strategy instruction and highly contextualized services. Indirect services included accommodations and consultation. SLPs commonly reported the lack of collaborative support, time, and knowledge as barriers, and most reported that professional development would be helpful to improve their services.

Conclusions:
Speech-language pathology graduate programs and providers of professional development should be mindful of their role in preparing SLPs to address EF needs, while SLPs may use these results to inform their own practice. Further guidance and research are necessary to elucidate the SLPs' role in mitigating the negative impact of EF challenges on students' education.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24101241
High step‐up multi input–multi output DC–DC converter with high controllability for battery charger/EV applications
Authors: Maalandish Mohammad , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Sabahi Mehran , Rostami Naghi , Khooban Mohammad‐Hassan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, a new multi input–multi output (MIMO) high step‐up DC–DC converter is proposed for battery charger applications. Continuous input current and capability of using several renewable energy sources with different voltage‐current characteristics are the main advantages of it. High voltage gain and low power losses on semiconductors are the other advantages of the proposed topology. In addition, the duty cycle of each input source is independent of other sources. The proposed converter has soft‐switching on some power diodes which leads to increasing the overall efficiency of the proposed topology. A laboratory prototype of the proposed topology in 12V–12 V/430 W is built and tested. The experimental results are verifying the proper performance of the proposed topology and confirm the theoretical analysis.
Towards quantum‐secure software defined networks
Authors: Nosouhi Mohammad Reza , Sood Keshav , Chamola Vinay , Jeong Jongkil Jay , Gaddam Anuroop 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe evolution of quantum computers is considered a serious threat to public‐key cryptosystems (e.g. RSA, ECDSA, ECDH, etc.). This is indeed a big concern for security of the Internet and other data communication and storage systems. The reason is that public‐key schemes are the basis in the generation of shared symmetric keys that are used to perform data encryption/decryption in communication and data transfer protocols. One possible approach to address this issue is to use Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) (instead of public‐key schemes) for the ultra‐secure generation of symmetric keys. QKD is a physical layer technology that allows two parties (equipped with optical communication interfaces) to generate secure random keys over a quantum channel that is immune to eavesdropping threats. The keys are then used by symmetric encryption schemes (e.g. AES) to encrypt data over classical channels. This allows us to have data encryption/decryption without needing a public‐key scheme. However, due to its inherent characteristics, the implementation of QKD has mostly been considered in particular contexts only (e.g. backhaul networks, point‐to‐point connections, optical networks, etc.). This indeed limits the utility of QKD technology to only some particular applications while it has the potential to be used in a wide range of used cases. Motivated by this (increasing the usability of QKD technology), in this study, the authors propose a model that enables SDN‐based networks to utilise QKD technology and provide QKD security service (i.e., random key generation service) to network applications and security protocols in a practical and efficient way. In the proposed approach, secret keys are generated based on the distribution of quantum entanglement between QKD nodes deployed in the network. The significant characteristic of our proposed model is that it does not rely on quantum repeaters to operate. This also improves the efficiency of the employed QKD mechanisms in terms of the key generation rate.
A variable structure multi‐model maneuvering target tracking algorithm based on Monte Carlo learning
Authors: Shen‐tu Han , Zhang Haoye , Zhu Yiming , Wu Xinliang , Teng Long 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA well‐liked maneuvering target tracking algorithm is a variable structure multi‐model (VSMM). One of the crucial elements determining the tracking effect is the successful model set adaptation (MSA). The ability to further enhance tracking accuracy for the conventional VSMM method is constrained by the absence of a mechanism to thoroughly utilise observation and tracking data to optimise MSA. We incorporate the Reinforcement learning (RL) approach into the MSA procedure to address this issue and provide a VSMM algorithm based on Monte Carlo (MC) learning. To formulate the challenge of optimising the number of effective models as a RL problem, we first used the prediction error, the number of effective model sets, and tracking accuracy to build the models of the appropriate state space, decision space, and reward. The number of efficient models was optimised using MC learning, and the entire VSMM algorithm was then created. The proposed approach was compared to the simulated experiment's five maneuvering target tracking algorithms. The outcomes demonstrate that the suggested algorithm has a lower computation scale and accurate tracking accuracy.
Electric shock feature extraction method based on adaptive variational mode decomposition and singular value decomposition
Authors: Zhu Hongzhang , Wu Chuanping , Zhou Yang , Xie Yao , Zhou Tiannian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a feature extraction method combining adaptive variational mode decomposition (AVMD) and singular value decomposition (SVD) for electric shock fault‐type identification. The AVMD algorithm is utilized to adaptively decompose the electric shock signal into intrinsic mode components, each containing distinct frequency information. Subsequently, the correlation coefficient is employed to extract the intrinsic mode component with amplitudes greater than or equal to 0.1 ( ≥ 0.1). Feature extraction is then performed using SVD on the ≥ 0.1 intrinsic mode component, based on its maximum singular value and singular entropy. This approach effectively overcomes the limitation of the traditional VMD that necessitates manual K value setting. Moreover, it achieves dimensionality reduction and feature extraction of the intrinsic mode components through SVD, resulting in enhanced computational efficiency and fault identification accuracy. Extensive simulations demonstrate the remarkable recognition rates of electric shock fault types in animals and plants using the proposed AVMD‐SVD method, achieving a recognition rate as high as 99.25%. Comparative performance analysis further verifies the superiority of AVMD‐SVD over similar empirical mode decomposition‐SVD feature extraction techniques.
Structure of the equivalent Newtonian systems in MONDN-body simulations
Authors: Re Federico , Di Cintio Pierfrancesco 
Published: September 2023

Aims.We investigate the core-cusp problem of the Λ cold dark matter (ΛCDM) scenario in the context of the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) paradigm while exploiting the concept of an equivalent Newtonian system (ENS).Methods.By means of particle-meshN-body simulations in MOND, we explored the processes of galaxy formation via cold dissipationless collapse and the merging of smaller substructures. From the end states of our simulations, we recovered the associated ENS and studied the properties of their dark matter halos. We compared the simulation results with simple analytical estimates with a family ofγ-models.Results.We find that the dark matter density of ENSs of most spherical cold collapses have a markedly cored structure, particularly for the lowest values of the initial virial ratios. End states of some simulations with initially clumpy conditions have more complex profiles, and some of their ENSs exhibit a moderate cusp, with the logarithmic density slope always shallower than one.Conclusions.In contrast to what one would expect from theoretical and numerical arguments in ΛCDM, these results seem to point towards the fact that the absence of a central DM cusp in most observed galaxies would be totally consistent in a MONDian description.
Blood Volume Sequestration in Cardiotomy Reservoirs: An In-Vitro Evaluation
Authors: Reeder Gary D. , Pfefferkorn Robert O. , Newton Samuel E. 
Published: September 2023

An in-vitro evaluation of the dynamic volume loss of several clinically available cardiotomy reservoirs was conducted. The reservoirs were grouped according to microfiltration rating (20 to 40 u) and the dynamic sequestration of each was examined over a blood flow range of 0 to 8 L/min. A statistically significant decrease in both static and dynamic volume loss was found to be associated with increasing microfiltration pore size. Furthermore, significant differences in volume sequestration were demonstrated between devices within each group over the blood flow range of 0 to 3200 ml/min. The Dideco D-744 reservoir was found to produce the least volume sequestration over this flow range. The Dideco D-742 and Bard H-710F exhibited somewhat greater volume losses over the same flow range. The Bard H-700F and American Bentley BCR- 3500 and Q-220F exhibited the greatest static and dynamic volume losses of the reservoirs tested. Total recoverable blood volume was evaluated and the Dideco D-744, D-742 and Bard H-710 were found to be superior, in this respect, to the other devices examined in this series.
The data presented demonstrates that, of the devices tested, the D-744, D-742 and H-710F are superior to the others in high cardiotomy flow applications where sequestration may be of significant concern.
Hyperthermic Antiblastic Perfusion in Extracorporeal Circulation: Surgical Technique and Results in the Treatment of Extemities’ Tumor
Authors: Vaglini M. , Santinami M. , Nava M. , Belli F. , Prada A. , Ammatuna M. , Cascinelli N. 
Published: September 2023

Regional perfusion in extracorporeal circulation is finding more and more applications in the treatment of extremities’ tumors. In order to avoid any influence from surgical variables rises the necessity of a standardization of the technique.
In this paper we propose a new surgical technique with subsequent results based on the experience at the National Cancer Institute of Milan on 89 consecutive patients treated by regional hyperthermic antiblastic perfusion without significant complications.
Bentley Gas-STAT: Our Clinical Experience
Authors: Harloff Michael , Palen Steve 
Published: September 2023

An on-line, real-time blood gas monitoring system will provide the perfusionist with an accurate trend of the ever-changing pH fluctuation and gas exchange.
With very little adaptation to our perfusion circuit using the Bentley, Gas-STAT Device, we are now able to monitor the arterial and venous pH, pCO2, pO2, as well as the blood temperature.
Its ease of calibration and initial battery life of 14 hours allows continuous monitoring over a prolonged bypass time. This added parameter enables the perfusionist to respond to the immediate needs of the patient.
As a result we are able to anticipate potentially hazardous events that can occur unexpectedly at any time. Equipment fatigue, such as membrane failure, can be diagnosed with absolute certainty, and therefore, a perfusion catastrophe can be averted.
Liver Transplantation: The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Experience
Authors: Calder Wayne A. 
Published: September 2023

PURPOSE: To provide the perfusion community with a literature review of liver transplantation and the four year liver transplant experience at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
METHODS:

define the various diagnoses associated with liver transplantation
describe past and present immunosuppressant therapy
describe the development and use of a heparinless veno-venous extracorporeal circulation system
describe the development and use of past and present rapid-infusion systems
correlate liver disease diagnosis with blood usage and survival

CONCLUSION: Liver transplantation is fast becoming a service operation:

operative mortality has decreased from 10% to less than 1%
operative blood loss and blood usage has been significantly reduced
gastrointestinal engorgement has essentially been eliminated
A Quality Assurance Program for Perfusion
Authors: Winn B.A. , Hurdle M.B. , Riley J.B. , Riley K.P. 
Published: September 2023

The Quality Assurance Program for Perfusion (QAPP) is designed to minimize injury to a cardiac patient through risk management.
The QAPP is a flexible manual that includes guidelines for managing human resources and contains several universal forms for use in documenting pre-pump patient status, equipment maintenance, durable and disposable equipment and justification for their use, product failure CPB procedural audits, and staff development. The QAPP contains tables outlining the risks, hazards and accidents associated with ECC equipment; protocols for routine ECC preparation; special and emergency CPB procedures; and an extensive bibliography.
The periodic audit of the QAPP contents will allow common team knowledge of protocols and physicians' orders to meet hospital accrediting body requirements and to reduce risks and hazards associated with ECC.