bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disseminated Ureaplasma polyarthritis in a renal transplant recipient
Authors: Schwartz Samantha , Aldrich Aileen , Kessler Elizabeth , Abulaban Khalid , Steinke Julia M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe risk of infection following kidney transplant increases substantially in the setting of hypogammaglobulinemia and T‐cell‐depleting therapy. Ureaplasma has been described to cause invasive disease in immunocompromised hosts with humoral immunodeficiency. We describe a kidney transplant recipient with history of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) vasculitis remotely treated with rituximab who developed Ureaplasma polyarthritis following transplant. The purpose of this report is to highlight the unique risks that kidney transplant patients face particularly if hypogammaglobulinemic.Case ReportPatient is a 16‐year‐old female with history of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) treated with maintenance dose of rituximab 13 months prior to transplant. Patient underwent deceased donor kidney transplant with thymoglobulin induction. IgG was 332 mg/dL and CD20 was zero at the time of transplant. One month posttransplant, the patient developed polyarticular arthritis without fever, pyuria, or evidence of GPA reactivation. MRI had diffuse tenosynovitis, myositis, fasciitis, cellulitis, and effusions of three involved joints. Bacterial, fungal, and AFB cultures remained negative, but 16 s ribosomal PCR testing from joint aspirates detected Ureaplasma parvum. The patient was treated with levofloxacin for 12 weeks with the resolution of symptoms.ConclusionsUreaplasma infection is an under‐recognized pathogen in kidney transplant patients. A high index of clinical suspicion should be employed to identify Ureaplasma infection, especially in those with secondary hypogammaglobulinemia, as this is often missed due to its lack of growth on standard media and the need for molecular testing. In patients with prior B‐cell depletion, routine monitoring for B‐cell recovery to identify risk factors for opportunistic infections is indicated.
Coordination of intertracheid pit traits and climate effects among cycads
Authors: Pang Yu‐Kun , Qin Lan‐Li , Zhang Tian‐Hao , Lei Jin‐Yan , Zhang Ya , Roddy Adam B. , Jiang Guo‐Feng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInterconduit pit membranes, which are permeable regions in the primary cell wall that connect to adjacent conduits, play a crucial role in water relations and the movement of nutrients between xylem conduits. However, how pit membrane characteristics might influence water‐carbon coupling remains poorly investigated in cycads. We examined pit characteristics, the anatomical and photosynthetic traits of 13 cycads from a common garden, to determine if pit traits and their coordination are related to water relations and carbon economy. We found that the pit traits of cycads were highly variable and that cycads exhibited a similar tradeoff between pit density and pit area as other plant lineages. Unlike other plant lineages (1) pit membranes, pit apertures, and pit shapes of cycads were not coordinated as in angiosperms; (2) cycads exhibited larger pit membrane areas but lower pit densities relative to ferns and angiosperms, but smaller and similar pit membrane densities to non‐cycad gymnosperms; (3) cycad pit membrane areas and densities were partially coordinated with anatomical traits, with hydraulic supply of the rachis positively coordinated with photosynthesis, whereas pit aperture areas and fractions were negatively coordinated with photosynthetic traits; (4) cycad pit traits reflected adaptation to wetter habitats for Cycadaceae and drier habitats for Zamiaceae. The large variation in pit traits, the unique pit membrane size and density, and the partial coordination of pit traits with anatomical and physiological traits of the rachis and pinna among cycads may have facilitated their dominance in a variety of ecosystems from the Mesozoic to modern times.
Periodontal diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Present and future
Authors: Bobetsis Yiorgos A. , Ide Mark , Gürsoy Mervi , Madianos Phoebus N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFor more than two decades the possible association between periodontal diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes has been extensively evaluated. Numerous observational, intervention, and mechanistic studies have offered valuable information on this topic. However, several methodologic limitations still remain a significant drawback for this set of investigations, and therefore safe conclusions are not always easy to draw. Unfortunately, despite the strong recommendations from the scientific community, recent studies have not sufficiently addressed these limitations and, therefore, have not significantly altered our perception regarding the association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review briefly describes the established knowledge and gives emphasis to the current literature. In addition, owing to the main theme of this Periodontology 2000 volume, special reference will be made regarding the results from European studies on periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Finally, new strategies and research guidelines are proposed in order to move on to the next level of evidence that will help connect the theoretical knowledge with meaningful clinical interventions that will benefit our pregnant patients and their offspring.
Removing the cardiac field artifact from the EEG using neural network regression
Authors: Arnau Stefan , Sharifian Fariba , Wascher Edmund , Larra Mauro F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhen EEG recordings are used to reveal interactions between central‐nervous and cardiovascular processes, the cardiac field artifact (CFA) poses a major challenge. Because the electric field generated by cardiac activity is also captured by scalp electrodes, the CFA arises as a heavy contaminant whenever EEG data are analyzed time‐locked to cardio‐electric events. A typical example is measuring stimulus‐evoked potentials elicited at different phases of the cardiac cycle. Here, we present a nonlinear regression method deploying neural networks that allows to remove the CFA from the EEG signal in such scenarios. We train neural network models to predict R‐peak centered EEG episodes based on the ECG and additional CFA‐related information. In a second step, these trained models are used to predict and consequently remove the CFA in EEG episodes containing visual stimulation occurring time‐locked to the ECG. We show that removing these predictions from the signal effectively removes the CFA without affecting the intertrial phase coherence of stimulus‐evoked activity. In addition, we provide the results of an extensive grid search suggesting a set of appropriate model hyperparameters. The proposed method offers a replicable way of removing the CFA on the single‐trial level, without affecting stimulus‐related variance occurring time‐locked to cardiac events. Disentangling the cardiac field artifact (CFA) from the EEG signal is a major challenge when investigating the neurocognitive impact of cardioafferent traffic by means of the EEG. When stimuli are presented time‐locked to the cardiac cycle, both sources of variance are systematically confounded. Here, we propose a regression‐based approach deploying neural network models to remove the CFA from the EEG. This approach effectively removes the CFA on a single‐trial level and is purely data‐driven, providing replicable results.
The dynamics of touch‐responsive gene expression in cereals
Authors: Darwish Essam , Ghosh Ritesh , Bentzer Johan , Tsardakas Renhuldt Nikos , Proux‐Wera Estelle , Kamal Nadia , Spannagl Manuel , Hause Bettina , Sirijovski Nick , Van Aken Olivier 
Published: May 2023

SUMMARYWind, rain, herbivores, obstacles, neighbouring plants, etc. provide important mechanical cues to steer plant growth and survival. Mechanostimulation to stimulate yield and stress resistance of crops is of significant research interest, yet a molecular understanding of transcriptional responses to touch is largely absent in cereals. To address this, we performed whole‐genome transcriptomics following mechanostimulation of wheat, barley, and the recent genome‐sequenced oat. The largest transcriptome changes occurred ±25 min after touching, with most of the genes being upregulated. While most genes returned to basal expression level by 1–2 h in oat, many genes retained high expression even 4 h post‐treatment in barley and wheat. Functional categories such as transcription factors, kinases, phytohormones, and Ca2+ regulation were affected. In addition, cell wall‐related genes involved in (hemi)cellulose, lignin, suberin, and callose biosynthesis were touch‐responsive, providing molecular insight into mechanically induced changes in cell wall composition. Furthermore, several cereal‐specific transcriptomic footprints were identified that were not observed in Arabidopsis. In oat and barley, we found evidence for systemic spreading of touch‐induced signalling. Finally, we provide evidence that both the jasmonic acid‐dependent and the jasmonic acid‐independent pathways underlie touch‐signalling in cereals, providing a detailed framework and marker genes for further study of (a)biotic stress responses in cereals.
Non‐planarity of SL(2,Z)$\operatorname{SL}(2,\mathbb {Z})$‐orbits of origamis in H(2)$\mathcal {H}(2)$
Authors: Jeffreys Luke , Matheus Carlos 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe consider the ‐orbits of primitive ‐squared origamis in the stratum . In particular, we consider the 4‐valent graphs obtained from the action of with respect to a generating set of size two. We prove that, apart from the orbit for and one of the orbits for , all of the obtained graphs are non‐planar. Specifically, in each of the graphs we exhibit a minor, where is the complete bipartite graph on two sets of three vertices.
New results for MaxCut in H$H$‐free graphs
Authors: Glock Stefan , Janzer Oliver , Sudakov Benny 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe MaxCut problem asks for the size of a largest cut in a graph . It is well known that for any ‐edge graph , and the difference is called the surplus of . The study of the surplus of ‐free graphs was initiated by Erdős and Lovász in the 70s, who, in particular, asked what happens for triangle‐free graphs. This was famously resolved by Alon, who showed that in the triangle‐free case the surplus is , and found constructions matching this bound. We prove several new results in this area.

Confirming a conjecture of Alon, Krivelevich and Sudakov, we show that for every fixed odd , any ‐free graph with edges has surplus . This is tight, as is shown by a construction of pseudo‐random ‐free graphs due to Alon and Kahale. It improves previous results of several researchers, and complements a result of Alon, Krivelevich and Sudakov which is the same bound when is even.
Generalising the result of Alon, we allow the graph to have triangles, and show that if the number of triangles is a bit less than in a random graph with the same density, then the graph has large surplus. For regular graphs, our bounds on the surplus are sharp.
We prove that an ‐vertex graph with few copies of and average degree has surplus , which is tight when is close to provided that a conjectured dense pseudo‐random ‐free graph exists. This result is used to improve the best known lower bound (as a function of ) on the surplus of ‐free graphs.
Our proofs combine techniques from semi‐definite programming, probabilistic reasoning, as well as combinatorial and spectral arguments.
Associations Between Adolescent Sport and Exercise Participation and Device-Assessed Physical Activity in Adulthood: Evidence From the 1970 British Cohort Study
Authors: Scicluna Nicholas , Hamer Mark , Blodgett Joanna M. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Adolescence is a critical period filled with life changes. Early implementation of effective health promotion strategies could help alleviate the morbidity and mortality associated with inactivity. This study investigated whether adolescent participation in exercise and sport is associated with device-assessed physical activity (PA) levels in midlife. Methods: A total of 2984 participants (41.2% male) from the 1970 British Cohort Study were included. Participants were surveyed at age 16 years on 5 indicators of exercise and sport participation. Total daily PA and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) at age 46 years were measured using a thigh-worn accelerometer, worn for 7 days. Associations between each adolescent exercise or sport indicator and adulthood total daily PA and MVPA were examined using linear regressions, adjusting for sex, wear time, body mass index, smoking, disability, malaise, alcohol consumption, social class, education, and self-rated health. Results: In fully adjusted models, adolescents who reported exercising “much more” than others (8.6 min/d; 95% confidence interval, −0.1 to 17.1), who played sports at the park/playground more than once a week (8.5 [3.0–14.0] min/d), and who exercised on the most recent Saturday (3.8 [0.7–6.9] min/d) had higher adult total PA levels than those who reported the lowest activity levels. There was no evidence of an association between greater sport and exercise participation at age 16 y and MVPA at age 46 y. There was no association between sports at school and either measure of adult PA. Conclusion: Active adolescents, particularly those who engaged in out-of-school exercise, had higher total daily PA levels, but not MVPA levels, in midlife. This highlights the potential of early PA interventions to improve PA levels in adulthood.
Physiological Role of pH-Dependent Structural Transition in Oxygen-Evolving Complex of PSII
Authors: Semin B. K. , Davletshina L. N. , Loktyushkin A. V. , Lovyagina E. R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) of the photosynthetic apparatus in oxygenic organisms contains a catalytic center that performs one of the most important reactions in bioenergetics: light-dependent water oxidation to molecular oxygen. The catalytic center is a Mn4CaO5 cluster consisting of four cations of manganese and one calcium cation linked by oxygen bridges. The authors reported earlier that a structural transition occurs at pH 5.7 in the cluster resulting in changes in manganese cation(s) redox potential and elevation of the Mn‑clus-ter resistance to reducing agents. The discovered effect was examined in a series of investigations that are reviewed in this work. It was found that, at pH 5.7, Fe(II) cations replace not two manganese cations as it happens at pH 6.5 but only one cation; as a result, a chimeric Mn3Fe1 cluster is produced. In the presence of exogenous calcium ions, membrane preparations of PSII with such a chimeric cluster are capable of evolving oxygen in the light (at a rate of approximately 25% of the rate in native PSII). It was found that photoinhibition that greatly depends on the processes of oxidation or reduction at pH 5.7 slows down as compared with pH 6.5. PSII preparations were also more resistant to thermal inactivation at pH 5.7 than at pH 6.5. However, in PSII preparations lacking manganese cations in the oxygen-evolving complex, the rates of photoinhibition at pH 6.5 and 5.7 did not differ. In thylakoid membranes, protonophores that abolish the proton gradient and increase pH in the lumen (where the manganese cluster is located) from 5.7 to 7.0 considerably elevated the rate of PSII photoinhibition. It is assumed that the structural transition in the Mn-cluster at pH 5.7 is involved in the mechanisms of PSII defense against photoinhibition.
Measuring experience of and satisfaction with newborn care: a scoping review of tools and measures
Authors: Minckas Nicole , Kharel Rashmi , Ryan-Coker Marcella , Lincetto Ornella , Tunçalp Özge , Sacks Emma , Muzigaba Moise , Portela Anayda 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundStandardised measures on experience of care are essential to understanding the care women and newborns receive and to designing appropriate interventions and responses. This review builds on ongoing work in the realm of maternity care and complements it by reviewing existing tools and measures to assess experience of and satisfaction with the care of the newborn.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review of published literature to identify measures and tools of experience (physiological or indirect) and satisfaction with newborn care. We systematically searched five bibliographic databases from 1 January 2010 through 1 December 2022 and contacted professional networks. Using a predefined evidence template, we extracted data on the studies and the tools’ characteristics. We mapped the tools and measures against the WHO quality of care frameworks to identify the most frequent measured domains of care and to highlight existing gaps.ResultWe identified 18 292 records of which 72 were eligible. An innovative finding of this review is the inclusion of newborn perspectives through behavioural responses, physiological signals, pain profiles as well as other non-verbal cues as markers of newborn experience. Domains related to parental participation and decision-making, ensuring continuity of care and receiving coordinated care, were the most measured across the included tools.ConclusionComprehensive and validated instruments measuring all aspects of care are needed. Developing a robust theoretical ground will be fundamental to the design and utilisation of standardised tools and measures.Protocol registration detailsThis review was registered and published on protocol.io (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bvk7n4zn).
Efficacy and safety ofGinkgo bilobadropping pills in the treatment of coronary heart disease with stable angina pectoris and depression: study protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, double-blind and multicentre clinical trial
Authors: Wu Tingchun , Li Sijing , Li Ziru , Long Wenjie , Liu Qingqing , Tang Huimin , Huang Xi , Tang Yaqin , Dong Xiaoming , Ning Yile , Tian Shui , Xu Tao , Xian Shao-Xiang , Liao Huili , Hong Yu , Yang Zhongqi 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundCoronary heart disease(CHD) with stable angina pectoris is a common cardiovascular disease. It has been reported that 10%–81.4% of these patients suffer from psychological conditions,such as depression, which has been associated with more frequent angina, lower treatment satisfaction and lower perceived quality of life.Ginkgo bilobaextract (GBE), the raw material ofGinkgo bilobadropping pills (GBDPs), is widely used to treat various conditions, including cardiovascular disease, ischaemic cerebrovascular disease, and depression. This clinical trial aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of GBDPs in improving the frequency of angina pectoris and the life quality of patients with stable angina pectoris and depression symptoms.MethodsThis randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group and multicentre clinical trial will be conducted in four medical centres in China. We aim to recruit approximately 72 participants aged 18–75 years with depression and coronary heart disease with stable angina pectoris. Based on conventional drug treatment, participants will be randomly assignedto the treatment group (GBDPs group; n=36) or the control group (placebo group; n=36) at a 1:1 allocation ratio. After randomisation,follow-up will be done at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks (±3 days). Additionally, 30 healthy individuals will be enrolled to investigate the underlying pharmacological mechanisms of the effects of GBE. The primary outcomes will be the Seattle Angina Questionnaire score and the frequency of angina pectoris-related symptoms each week. The secondary outcomes will include the 36-item Short Form Health Survey quality-of-life scale, Hamilton Depression Scale and composite endpoint incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has been approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China (approval number: ZYYECK [2020]030). Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The results of this trial will be publicly shared through academic conferences and peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT04529148and ChiCTR2200066908.
Moral uncertainty and distress about voluntary assisted dying prior to legalisation and the implications for post-legalisation practice: a qualitative study of palliative and hospice care providers in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Kirchhoffer David G , Lui Chi-Wai , Ho Anita 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesThere is little research on moral uncertainties and distress of palliative and hospice care providers (PHCPs) working in jurisdictions anticipating legalising voluntary assisted dying (VAD). This study examines the perception and anticipated concerns of PHCPs in providing VAD in the State of Queensland, Australia prior to legalisation of the practice in 2021. The findings help inform strategies to facilitate training and support the health and well-being of healthcare workers involved in VAD.DesignThe study used a qualitative approach to examine and analyse the perception and anticipated concerns of PHCPs regarding challenges of providing assisted dying in Queensland. Fourteen PHCPs were recruited using a purposive sampling strategy to obtain a broad representation of perspectives including work roles, geographical locations and workplace characteristics. Data were collected via one in-depth interview per participant. The transcripts were coded for patterns and themes using an inductive analysis approach following the tradition of Grounded Theory.SettingThe study was conducted in hospital, hospice, community and residential aged care settings in Queensland, Australia. These included public and private facilities, secular and faith-based facilities, and regional/rural and urban facilities.ParticipantsInterviews were conducted with fourteen PHCPs: 10 nurses and 4 physicians; 11 female and 3 male. The median number of years of palliative care practice was 17, ranging from 2 to 36 years. For inclusion, participants had to be practising palliative and hospice care providers.ResultsPHCPs are divided on whether VAD should be considered part of palliative care. Expectations of moral distress and uncertainty about practising VAD were identified in five areas: handling requests, assessing patient capacity, arranging patient transfers and logistical issues, managing unsuccessful attempts, and dealing with team conflicts and stigma.ConclusionsThe possibility of having to practise VAD causes moral distress and uncertainty for some PHCPs. Procedural clarity can address some uncertainties; moral and psychological distress, however, remains a source of tension that needs support to ensure ongoing care of both patients and PHCPs. The introduction of VAD post-legalisation may present an occasion for further moral education and development of PHCPs.