bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A successfully treated gastric mucormycosis in an immunocompetent patient: Case report and literature review
Authors: Albtoosh Asma Salameh , Shaf'ei Moayad , Al Hayek Sa'ed , Ramdan Lara Ibrahim , Abu Shahin Nisreen , Alzyoud Mohammad , Farah Randa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection that usually affects patients with diabetes mellitus or immunosuppression. The fungus invades the nearby blood vessels leading to thrombosis and necrosis of the organs involved. Although Mucorales can invade any organ in the body, the gastrointestinal system is an uncommon site for infection. Mucormycosis is a fatal infection, and prompt intervention is required to ensure survival. In this report, we present a case of a 46‐year‐old man with history of valve replacement surgery on warfarin, who admitted with abdominal pain and life‐threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed an active gastric ulcer bleeding, and the diagnosis of mucormycosis infection was confirmed with direct microscopy and histopathological evaluation from a tissue biopsy. Typically, antifungal therapy alone is inadequate to control mucormycosis infection and surgical intervention is often required. Our patient was successfully treated using antifungal therapy alone. This report presents a rare case of gastrointestinal mucormycosis in setting of valve replacement and was successfully treated with antifungal therapy.
F‐quad helix for simultaneous maxillary expansion and tooth alignment in patients with unilateral cleft lip and/or palate
Authors: Fahim Fady Hussein , Othman Ahmed , von See Constantin 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageIllustrating F‐quad helix with extension arms that simultaneously expand maxillary arch and rotate its central incisor adjacent to the alveolar cleft while aligning palatally ectopic canines. Incisor rotation occurred before alveolar grafting, while canine traction was performed after alveolar grafting. The construction of this appliance is shown in detail.
Oriented External Electric‐Field Effects on the Activation of Aryl CO Bond in Anisole using Rh(PEP) (E=Al, B, Ga) Catalysts
Authors: Kuriakose Nishamol , Shaik Sason 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present work reports a DFT‐based mechanistic investigation of aryl C−O bond activation in anisole catalysed by a Rh−Al pincer‐type complex at room temperature. The study is extended to analogues Rh−E complexes based on Group 13 elements (E=B/Ga). Our results show a preference for the heterolytic cleavage pathway over oxidative addition in the C−O bond activation. The calculated barriers range from 16 to 36 kcal/mol, following the order: E=Al<E=Ga<E=B. A strong correlation between the activation barriers and the local electric field (LEF) at the Rh metal centre for the studied Rh−E complexes was observed. Additionally, the ability of Oriented External Electric Field (OEEF) to lower the reaction barrier by applying the OEEF along the direction of electron reorganization, that is, “the reaction axis”, was examined. Our results demonstrate the significant effect of applied OEEF on the aryl C−O bond activation in Rh−E systems. Furthermore, the effect of OEEF on the C−O bond activation using modified Rh−E (E=B, Al, or Ga) complexes, in which electronic structure modifications enable a more efficient barrier control by the OEEF, was showcased. Notably, applying a moderate field strength reduces the high reaction barrier for the Rh−B system by approximately 13 kcal/mol.
Natural Sesquiterpenoids, Diterpenoids, Sesterterpenoids, and Triterpenoids with Intriguing Structures from 2017 to 2022
Authors: Zhang Xiaotian , Zheng Meijia , Fu Aimin , Li Qin , Chen Chunmei , Zhu Hucheng , Zhang Yonghui 
Published: June 2023

Comprehensive SummaryThis review covers the isolation, structural determination, plausible biosynthetic pathways, and biological activities of 166 natural terpenoids including 57 sesquiterpenoids, 65 diterpenoids, 15 sesterterpenoids, and 29 triterpenoids from January 2017 to December 2022.
Ecological restoration of tidal flat and its effects on soil characteristic and bacterial community
Authors: Gu Chen , Shi Jiyan , Yu Yanming , Rui Jianliang , Huang Weibin , Lu Zhinai , Chen Yao , Chen Xiaojun , Dong Shudi , Hu Zhijun , Lyu Jianbiao , Ye Chenghua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVegetation restoration is a vital ecological remediation technology for greening saline‐alkaline soils. However, little attention is paid to the seasonal changes of soil remediation under different vegetation coverage. This study investigated a recently restored coastal tidal flat located on the island of Zhoushan, by examining shifts in physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial communities over 1 year. Soils under Suaeda australis (SUA), Phragmites australis (PHR), Tamarix chinensis (TAM), and two hybrid treatments (SUA+PHR and SUA+TAM) were collected seasonally. Results showed that the seasonal climate variations and vegetation types played important roles in soil physicochemical properties and soil enzyme activities during vegetation restoration. Vegetation could stimulate the activities of soil microbial enzymes, of which PHR‐covered soils exhibited higher catalase activities, higher alkaline phosphomonoesterase activities were observed in summer except for PHR. The combined communities had the highest urease activities in spring and summer, and the highest levels of polyphenol oxidase activity were found in summer or autumn. Furthermore, the bacterial alpha diversity revealed that SUA‐ and SUA+PHR‐covered soils were not markedly affected as the season progressed, whereas PHR and SUA+TAM were characterized by an increase–decrease trend, as well as TAM exhibited highest in autumn. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi were the dominant phyla in each vegetation types. This study deepens our understanding of the effects of halophyte cultivation on coastal ecosystem phytoremediation.
Insights into the mechanism of plastics’ fragmentation under abrasive mechanical forces: An implication for agricultural soil health
Authors: Bhattacharjee Linkon , Jazaei Farhad , Salehi Maryam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe application of agricultural plastic products such as mulch, greenhouse covers, and silage films is increasing due to their economic benefits in providing an early and better‐quality harvest. However, mechanical abrasion of these plastic materials by soil particles could result in generation of microplastic (MP) pollutants that could harm soil organisms and impact food safety. This study aims to better understand the physicochemical mechanisms resulting in the fragmentation of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE). Herein, we used pellets and films to study the impacts of abrasive wear forces on their surface morphology variations and fragmentation behavior. An innovative laboratory approach was developed to abrade the plastic surface under controlled normal loadings and abrasion durations. The investigation of the plastics’ surface morphology variations due to the abrasion process revealed microcutting as the dominant process at low normal force (4 N). However, a combination of microploughing and microcutting occurred for new LDPE films by increasing the normal force to 8 N. Despite the significant surface morphology variations of the new LDPE film due to the abrasion process; the water contact angle did not alter. Furthermore, the fragmentation behavior of photodegraded LDPE pellets and films was compared to the new plastics. The extent of MPs (3 µm < dp < 162 µm) generation due to fragmentation was studied using fluorescence microscopy imaging. The localized stress and strains at the contact sites of plastic and sand particles resulted in abrasion of the plastic surface. According to the results, the normal loadings and duration of abrasion played a significant role in the degree of fragmentation of plastics. Increasing the normal loading applied during the abrasion process from 2 to 8 N linearly increased the number of generated plastic fragments by more than five times for pellets and more than three times for film. Photodegradation significantly enhanced the extent of MPs fragmentation. Moreover, the limitations of this study and the implications for agricultural soil health were discussed.
The cost burden of metastatic prostate cancer in the US populations covered by employer‐sponsored health insurance
Authors: Horný Michal , Yabroff K. Robin , Filson Christopher P. , Zheng Zhiyuan , Ekwueme Donatus U. , Richards Thomas B. , Howard David H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecent advancements in the clinical management of metastatic prostate cancer include several costly therapies and diagnostic tests. The objective of this study was to provide updated information on the cost to payers attributable to metastatic prostate cancer among men aged 18 to 64 years with employer‐sponsored health plans and men aged 18 years or older covered by employer‐sponsored Medicare supplement insurance.MethodsBy using Merative MarketScan commercial and Medicare supplemental data for 2009–2019, the authors calculated differences in spending between men with metastatic prostate cancer and their matched, prostate cancer‐free controls, adjusting for age, enrollment length, comorbidities, and inflation to 2019 US dollars.ResultsThe authors compared 9011 patients who had metastatic prostate cancer and were covered by commercial insurance plans with a group of 44,934 matched controls and also compared 17,899 patients who had metastatic prostate cancer and were covered by employer‐sponsored Medicare supplement plans with a group of 87,884 matched controls. The mean age of patients with metastatic prostate cancer was 58.5 years in the commercial samples and 77.8 years in the Medicare supplement samples. Annual spending attributable to metastatic prostate cancer was $55,949 per person‐year (95% confidence interval [CI], $54,074–$57,825 per person‐year) in the commercial population and $43,682 per person‐year (95% CI, $42,022–$45,342 per person‐year) in the population covered by Medicare supplement plans, both in 2019 US dollars.ConclusionsThe cost burden attributable to metastatic prostate cancer exceeds $55,000 per person‐year among men with employer‐sponsored health insurance and $43,000 among those covered by employer‐sponsored Medicare supplement plans. These estimates can improve the precision of value assessments of clinical and policy approaches to the prevention, screening, and treatment of prostate cancer in the United States.
SpecMap: An efficient spectral partitioning based static application mapping algorithm for 2D mesh NoCs
Authors: Raj R. S. Reshma , Joseph Athul , H. Akhil Sarwar T. , Kalady Saidalavi , B. Jayaraj P. 
Published: June 2023

SummaryNetwork‐on‐chip (NoC) is adopted as a flexible and effective communication backbone by multiprocessor systems with core counts ranging from a few to hundreds. The performance of NoC based systems greatly rely on the communication between cores when two dependent tasks of an application are mapped to these cores. Hence, application mapping becomes a critical issue in NoC‐based systems as it affects the overall performance of the system. Application mapping aims to reduce the communication among the cores by carefully mapping the highly communicating tasks. Most of the existing static mapping approaches consider only single‐task platforms. In this article, we propose an efficient multi‐task static mapping algorithm called , for regular 2D NoC systems. consists of three stages namely, (i) graph partitioning, (ii) topology clustering, and (iii) mapping. In the graph partitioning stage, accurately identifies and groups the highly communicating tasks based on spectral graph partitioning. Then, the clustering and mapping stages allocate the most communicating tasks in the same or adjacent multi‐tasking cores. It also eliminates the interference between multiple applications by mapping them into different clusters of the NoC network. Simulations of have been conducted on different synthetic and real‐life applications using Gem5 simulator. The simulation results show considerable improvements for SpecMap in terms of communication cost, average network latency, energy consumption, throughput, and execution time as compared to the state‐of‐the‐art algorithms.
Optimizing Li‐ion Solvation in Gel Polymer Electrolytes to Stabilize Li‐Metal Anode
Authors: Huang Kangsheng , Bi Sheng , Xu Hai , Wu Langyuan , Fang Chang , Zhang Xiaogang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) have potential as substitutes for liquid electrolytes in lithium‐metal batteries (LMBs). Their semi‐solid state also makes GPEs suitable for various applications, including wearables and flexible electronics. Here, we report the initiation of ring‐opening polymerization of 1,3‐dioxolane (DOL) by Lewis acid and the introduction of diluent 1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoroethyl 2,2,3,3‐tetrafluoropropyl ether (TTE) to regulate electrolyte structure for a more stable interface. This diluent‐blended GPE exhibits enhanced electrochemical stability and ion transport properties compared to a blank version without it. FTIR and NMR proved the effectiveness of monomer polymerization and further determined the molecular weight distribution of polymerization by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Experimental and simulation results show that the addition of TTE enhances ion association and tends to distribute on the anode surface to construct a robust and low‐impedance SEI. Thus, the polymer battery achieves 5 C charge‐discharge at room temperature and 200 cycles at low temperature −20 °C. The study presents an effective approach for regulating solvation structures in GPEs, promoting advancements in the future design of GPE‐based LMBs.
Flow cytometry improves the diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration cytology in a spleen with neuroendocrine tumor: A case report
Authors: Hussain Mahreen , Rawas Faisal , Ali Yasir , Edhayan Gautam , Lyapichev Kirill A. , Nawgiri Ranjana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFine needle aspirations are infrequently performed on the spleen due to concerns for hemorrhagic complications. As a result, splenic lesions can be challenging to diagnose given the limited amount of available specimen. Metastasis to the spleen is rare and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors to the spleen are scarce in literature. The diagnosis of splenic lesions from fine needle aspirate entails processing which prolongs the turnaround time, particularly if the cytomorphology is non‐typical and a limited sample can further complicate this process. We describe a case in which flow cytometry performed on fine needle aspiration of a splenic lesion suggested a diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasm involving the spleen. Further workup confirmed this diagnosis. Flow cytometry can recognize neuroendocrine tumors involving the spleen in a timely manner so that appropriate immunohistochemistry tests on limited specimens can be performed to aid in their accurate diagnosis.
Transmission of beneficial yeasts accompanies offspring production in Drosophila—An initial evolutionary stage of insect maternal care through manipulation of microbial load?
Authors: Cho Hanna , Rohlfs Marko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractParent‐to‐offspring transmission of beneficial microorganisms is intimately interwoven with the evolution of social behaviors. Ancestral stages of complex sociality–microbe vectoring interrelationships may be characterized by high costs of intensive parental care and hence only a weak link between the transmission of microbial symbionts and offspring production. We investigate the relationship between yeast symbiont transmission and egg‐laying, as well as some general factors thought to drive the “farming” of microscopic fungi by the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, an insect with no obvious parental care but which is highly dependent on dietary microbes during offspring development. The process of transmitting microbes involves flies ingesting microbes from their previous environment, storing and vectoring them, and finally depositing them to a new environment. This study revealed that fecal materials of adult flies play a significant role in this process, as they contain viable yeast cells that support larval development. During single patch visits, egg‐laying female flies transmitted more yeast cells than non‐egg‐laying females, suggesting that dietary symbiont transmission is not random, but linked to offspring production. The crop, an extension of the foregut, was identified as an organ capable of storing viable yeast cells during travel between egg‐laying sites. However, the amount of yeast in the crop reduced rapidly during periods of starvation. Although females starved for 24 h deposited a smaller amount of yeast than those starved for 6 h, the yeast inoculum produced still promoted the development of larval offspring. The results of these experiments suggest that female Drosophila fruit flies have the ability to store and regulate the transfer of microorganisms beneficial to their offspring via the shedding of fecal material. We argue that our observation may represent an initial evolutionary stage of maternal care through the manipulation of microbial load, from which more specialized feedbacks of sociality and microbe management may evolve.
Estimating density of forest bats and their long‐term trends in a climate refuge
Authors: Law Bradley , Brassil Traecey , Proud Roland , Potts Joanne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor many species, estimating density is challenging, but it is important for conservation planning and understanding the functional role of species. Bats play key ecological roles, yet little is known about their free‐ranging density. We used a long‐term banding study of four species caught in an extensively forested climate refuge and spatial capture–recapture models (SCR) to estimate density and its change over time. Between 1999 and 2020, there were 3671 captures of four bat species, which were all edge‐space foragers. Recaptures represented 16% (n = 587) of all captures, of which 89 were between‐trap‐cluster movements. Closed spatial mark–recapture models estimated plausible densities that varied with elevation. Preferred elevations differed between species, with density averaging 0.63 ha−1forVespadelus darlingtoni(high elevation), 0.43 ha−1forV. pumilus(low elevation), 0.19 ha−1forChalinolobus morio(high elevation), and 0.08 ha−1forV. regulus(high elevation). Overall, densities were higher than most previous published estimates for bats. Forest disturbance history (past timber harvesting) had no detectable effect on density. Density also varied substantially across years, and although annual maximum temperature and rainfall were not supported in models, some time periods showed an apparent relationship between density and annual rainfall (+ve) and/or annual maximum temperature (−ve). The most notable change was an increase in the density ofV. pumilusafter 2013, which tracked an increase in annual temperature at the site, reflecting a warming climate. Bat densities in forests outside of climate refugia are likely to be more sensitive to climate change, but more studies are needed in different habitats and continents and outside climate refugia to place the densities we estimated into a broader context.
Differentiation of epilepsy and psychogenic nonepileptic events based on body fluid characteristics
Authors: Xia Yilin , Lai Wanlin , Li Shihai , Wen Zhining , Chen Lei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveDifferential diagnosis between epileptic seizures and psychogenic nonepileptic events (PNEEs) is a worldwide problem for neurologists. The present study aims to identify important characteristics from body fluid tests and develop diagnostic models based on them.MethodsThis is a register‐based observational study in patients with a diagnosis of epilepsy or PNEEs at West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Data from body fluid tests between 2009 and 2019 were used as a training set. We constructed models with a random forest approach in eight training subsets divided by sex and categories of tests, including electrolyte, blood cell, metabolism, and urine tests. Then, we collected data prospectively from patients between 2020 and 2022 to validate our models and calculated the relative importance of characteristics in robust models. Selected characteristics were finally analyzed with multiple logistic regression to establish nomograms.ResultsA total of 388 patients, including 218 with epilepsy and 170 with PNEEs, were studied. The AUROCs of random forest models of electrolyte and urine tests in the validation phase achieved 80.0% and 79.0%, respectively. Carbon dioxide combining power, anion gap, potassium, calcium, and chlorine in electrolyte tests and specific gravity, pH, and conductivity in urine tests were selected for the logistic regression analysis. C (ROC) of the electrolyte and urine diagnostic nomograms achieved 0.79 and 0.85, respectively.SignificanceThe application of routine indicators of serum and urine may help in the more accurate identification of epileptic and PNEEs.
The impacts of okra consumption on the nutritional status of pregnant women, west Ethiopia
Authors: Kushi Efrem Negash , Belachew Tefera , Tamiru Dessalegn 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFood‐insecurity and poor‐quality diets remain a challenge for pregnant women. Consumption of okra has a great impact on improving the nutritional status of pregnant women. Okra plays a critical role in the prevention of malnutrition among pregnant women living in resource‐limited settings. The evidence is scarce on the impacts of okra on mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurement of pregnant women. A community‐based cross‐sectional study was employed among randomly selected 224 pregnant women from June 1 to July 30, 2020. An interviewer‐administered questionnaire was used. The MUAC was measured by using an adult MUAC measuring tape. Data were entered into Epi‐data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis by linear regression. The statistical significance of variables was declared at a p‐value of .05, and unstandardized beta (β) coefficients along with a 95% confidence interval were computed. The proportion of pregnant women with low MUAC (≤22 cm) was 42.4%. In the multivariable linear regression model, hemoglobin concentration (β = 0.346, [95% CI: 0.153, 0.539], p = .001), food insecurity (β = −0.887, (95% CI: −1.441, −0.334), p = .002), daily consumption of okra (β = 1.269, [95% CI: 0.583, 1.956], p ≤ .001), and women working in NGO (β = 0.443, [95% CI: 0.256, 0.630], p ≤ .001) were significant variables. The prevalence of malnutrition among pregnant women (MUAC ≤ 22 cm) was 42.4%. Therefore, behavioral change communication interventions to promote okra consumption on regular basis were recommended.