bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudodominance in Friedreich Ataxia—Impact of High Prevalence of Carriers and Intrafamilial Clinical Variation
Authors: Malaquias Maria João , Oliveira Jorge , Santos Manuela , Brandão Ana Filipa , Sardoeira Ana , Sequeiros Jorge , Barros José , Damásio Joana 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundFriedreich ataxia (FA) is the most common form of autosomal recessive (AR) ataxia. It is a rare disease, but carriers are frequent (1/100). Pseudodominance in FA has seldomly been reported; it may pose additional challenges for diagnosis.CasesA family with two consecutive generations affected by FA is described. The proband and two younger siblings had typical FA, characterized by infantile‐onset ataxia, hyporeflexia, Babinski sign, cardiomyopathy, and loss of ambulation in the second decade of life. Another female sibling had delayed‐onset (>25 years old), with mild cerebellar and sensitive ataxia since her mid‐30s. Their father presented very late‐onset FA (>40 years old), with sensitive axonal neuropathy. All five patients had biallelic (GAA)n expansion in FXN. The first three had larger expansions (>800 repeats), while the latter two had one shorter expanded allele (~90 repeats).Literature ReviewPseudodominant inheritance has been described in 13 neurological disorders. Seven are movement disorders, of which three were associated with high frequency of carriers (FA, Wilson's disease and PRKN‐related parkinsonism).ConclusionsClinicians should be aware of the possibility of pseudodominance when facing an apparent autosomal dominant pedigree, particularly in disorders with high frequency of carriers and variable expression. Otherwise, genetic diagnoses may be delayed.
Evaluating the length, diameter, and stenosis of deep circumflex iliac artery and neighboring arteries based on digital subtraction angiography
Authors: Schulte Raimund , Loberg Christina , Ghassemi Alireza 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe vascularized iliac bone crest flap offers excellent usable bone in terms of volume and quality. Its nourishing vessel, the deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA), although relatively short, is reliable vessel. Digital subtraction angiography presents still the gold standard for diagnostic purpose. However, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) angiography is used for preoperative planning with low morbidity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the gainable information using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as compared to other imaging modalities.Materials and MethodsWe evaluated information gainable from standard DSA of 130 consecutive patients (average age was 69.5 years [range 18–90 years]) concerning topography, dimension, and condition of the vessel wall. We looked for differences considering gender and side.ResultsDCIA could not be followed in the periphery constantly in all cases due to the small, illustrated field. Arteriosclerotic changes showed to be very low in DCIA as compared to the neighboring vessels. Diabetes mellitus and smoking had a significant impact on vessel condition. DCIA branched off into its main two branches early after 40 mm (11%), after 40–60 mm (30%), or late after 60 mm (59%). DCIA showed to be least affected by different risk factors that reported to affect the vessel condition.ConclusionsWe present additional detailed topographic anatomy of DCIA and its variation that can be used intraoperative guide to harvest the flap and teaching purpose. Standard DSA delivers valuable preoperative data regarding stenosis in addition to the topographic anatomy of the flap pedicle. However, imaging of the distal parts of the DCIA, nourishing the skin paddle is limited by the detector field used. For a full imaging of both DCIAs from the origin to the perforators, the intraarterial injection of contrast medium, as applied in DSA, could be combined with different imaging modalities like CT‐angiography.
Discovery of natural‐derived Mpro inhibitors as therapeutic candidates for COVID‐19: Structure‐based pharmacophore screening combined with QSAR analysis
Authors: Khanfar Mohammad A. , Salaas Nada , Abumostafa Reem 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe main protease (Mpro) is an essential enzyme for the life cycle of SARS‐CoV‐2 and a validated target for treatment of COVID‐19 infection. Structure‐based pharmacophore modeling combined with QSAR calculations were employed to identify new chemical scaffolds of Mpro inhibitors from natural products repository. Hundreds of pharmacophore models were manually built from their corresponding X‐ray crystallographic structures. A pharmacophore model that was validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and selected using the statistically optimum QSAR equation was implemented as a 3D‐search tool to mine AnalytiCon Discovery database of natural products. Captured hits that showed the highest predicted inhibitory activities were bioassayed. Three active Mpro inhibitors (pseurotin A, lactupicrin, and alpinetin) were successfully identified with IC50 values in low micromolar range.
A low complexity loop‐delay estimation algorithm based on sliding window for power amplifier characterization
Authors: Yao Tingting , Peng Jun , Lv Yingchun , Yang Yahui , You Fei , He Songbai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt is well known that accurate estimation of the loop delay between the input and output feedback signals is the key to behavioral modeling and digital predistortion of power amplifier. Nevertheless, most of the traditional loop‐delay compensation algorithms have the disadvantage of high computational complexity. For the purpose of solving this problem, a loop‐delay estimation algorithm based on sliding window has been proposed in this paper, where the first derivative characteristic of the signal is employed to evaluate the correlation between the input and output feedback signals. The simulation and experiment are carried out with different bandwidth signals in this paper. The results show that the proposed algorithm and the traditional cross‐correlation‐based method could align the input and output feedback signals successfully. But in terms of resource consumption, the proposed algorithm could reduce the multiplier nearly by 100% and the adder by approximately 93.2%.
Advanced practice occupational therapy led triage and treatment clinic for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome in an Irish public hospital
Authors: O’Donnell Michelle , Eadie Patricia , Dorairaj Jemima , Stapleton Tadhg 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionA pilot CTS Triage and Treat clinic led by an Advanced Practice Occupational Therapist was established to address the CTS wait list at a large urban hospital. The aims of this pilot were to develop a clinical triage and screening protocol to inform the stratification of patients for suitable treatment options and to reduce waiting time.MethodsA cross sectional study with follow up was conducted, patients on the wait list at time of commencement of the pilot and subsequent referrals over a 1‐year period were recruited. Triage consisted of tests of sensibility, self‐rating measures, provocative tests and detailed patient to inform the subsequent treatment stratification, conservative, injection, surgery, or further investigation. Nonparametric analyses were used to test relationships between the test scores and to complete subgroup comparisons.ResultsEighty‐nine patients were triaged over the pilot period, 62 (70%) had a positive Phalen's at triage. Following triage 48 (54%) patients were stratified for conservative management, injection (n = 23, 26%) and surgery/differential diagnosis (n = 18, 20%). Statistically significant differences in BCTQ (SSS and FSS) and Q‐DASH scores were noted across the three outcome groups, with lower scores among those commenced on conservative management. BCTQ (SSS) scores were aligned with the Semmes Weinstein Monofilaments sensibility thresholds. Wait times showed a marked decrease from 10 to 2 months over the period of the pilot.DiscussionFindings highlight the positive impact of occupational therapy led triage and treat approach in the reduction of wait time for assessment and treatment for patients with CTS.
Sex differences in response to lifestyle intervention among children and adolescents: Systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mast Alexis , Peña Armando , Bolch Charlotte A. , Shaibi Gabriel , Vander Wyst Kiley B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about sex differences in response to lifestyle interventions among pediatric populations. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate sex differences in adiposity following lifestyle interventions among children and adolescents with overweight or obesity aged 6 to 18 years old.MethodsSearches were conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE (from inception to March 2021), and references from included articles were examined. Eligibility criteria included children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years with overweight or obesity, randomization to a lifestyle intervention versus a control group, and assessment of at least one adiposity measure. Corresponding authors were contacted to obtain summary statistics by sex (n = 14/49).ResultsOf 89 full‐text articles reviewed, 49 (55%) were included, of which 33 (67%) reported statistically significant intervention effects on adiposity. Only two studies (4%) evaluated sex differences in response to lifestyle intervention, reporting conflicting results. The results of the meta‐regression models demonstrated no significant differences in the treatment effect between male and female youth for weight (beta = −0.05, SE = 0.18, z = −0.28, p = 0.8), BMI (beta = 0.03, SE = 0.14, z = 0.19, p = 0.85), BMI z score (beta = −0.04, SE = 0.18, z = −0.23, p = 0.82), percentage body fat (beta = −0.11, SE = 0.16, z = −0.67, p = 0.51), and waist circumference (beta = −0.30, SE = 0.25, z = −1.18, p = 0.24).ConclusionsThe meta‐analysis revealed that youth with overweight or obesity do not demonstrate a differential response to lifestyle intervention in relation to adiposity‐related outcomes.
Correlation between partial thromboplastin time and thromboelastography in adult critically ill patients requiring bivalirudin for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Buckley Mitchell S. , Benanti Grace E. , Meckel Jordan , Tekle Luwam A. , Gilbert Brian , Puebla Neira Daniel , McNierney Dakota A. , Korkames Grace , Yerondopoulos Melanie , Park Andrew , O'Hea Jennifer A. , MacLaren Robert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectiveThromboelastography (TEG) offers a more dynamic assessment of hemostasis over activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). However, the clinical utility of TEG in monitoring bivalirudin during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between aPTT and TEG in adult ECMO patients anticoagulated with bivalirudin.DesignMulticenter, retrospective, cohort study conducted over a 2‐year period.SettingTwo academic university medical centers (Banner University Medical Center) in Phoenix and Tucson, AZ.PatientsAdult patients requiring ECMO and bivalirudin therapy with ≥1 corresponding standard TEG and aPTT plasma samples drawn ≤4 h of each other were included. The primary endpoint was to determine the correlation coefficient between the standard TEG reaction (R) time and bivalirudin aPTT serum concentrations.Measurements and Main ResultsA total of 104 patients consisting of 848 concurrent laboratory assessments of R time and aPTT were included. A moderate correlation between TEG R time and aPTT was demonstrated in the study population (r = 0.41; p < 0.001). Overall, 502 (59.2%) concurrent assessments of TEG R time and aPTT values showed agreement on whether they were sub‐, supra‐, or therapeutic according to the institution's classification for bivalirudin. The 42.2% (n = 271/642) discordant TEG R times among “therapeutic” aPTT were almost equally distributed between subtherapeutic and supratherapeutic categories.ConclusionsModerate correlation was found between TEG R time and aPTT associated with bivalirudin during ECMO in critically ill adults. Further research is warranted to address the optimal test to guide clinical decision‐making for anticoagulation dosing in ECMO patients.
Study on Mechanical Improvement of CL‐20 Energetic Co‐Crystals Based PBX by Surface Modification
Authors: Zeng Chengcheng , Yang Zongwei , Liu Jiahui , Ding Ling , Hao Shilong , Gong Feiyan , Yang Zhijian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLow melting point compound MTNP was usually adopt to form co‐crystal explosive with CL‐20 to reduce sensitivity, and the co‐crystal may have the potential of green engineering application. Improving mechanical properties of co‐crystals explosive is one of the effective ways to broaden its practical application. In this work, CL‐20/MTNP energetic co‐crystal was selected to be coated by polydopamine (PDA) and neutral bonding agent (NBA), with enhanced mechanical properties and developed interfacial strength between crystal and binder. The TG‐DSC curve showed that thermal decomposition of co‐crystal explosives divided into two steps, and the melting point delayed to 210 °C compared with that of MTNP. After surface modification, the storage modulus of PBX was increased by more than 20 % at the temperature range of (25–120) °C, and creep strain was also effectively reduced. The Brazilian and compressive strength of PDA coating samples increased by 69.89 % and 210.53 % respectively, as well as improved elongation, leading to increased fracture toughness. Here, the highlighted modification on the surface of CL‐20/MTNP co‐crystal can be used as a reference insight to improve the mechanical properties of new explosives.
Constant domain polymorphisms influence monoclonal antibody stability and dynamics
Authors: Warrender Annmaree K. , Pan Jolyn , Pudney Chris R. , Arcus Vickery L. , Kelton William 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe constant regions of clinical monoclonal antibodies are derived from a select number of allotypes found in IgG subclasses. Despite a long‐term acknowledgment that this diversity may impact both antibody function and developability, there is a lack of data on the stability of variants carrying these mutations. Here, we generated a panel of IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 antibodies with 32 unique constant region alleles and performed a systematic comparison of stability using red edge excitation shift (REES). This technique exploits the fluorescent properties of tryptophan residues to measure antibody structural dynamics which predict flexibility and the propensity to unfold. Our REES measurements revealed broad stability differences between subclasses with IgG3 possessing the poorest overall stability. Further interrogation of differences between variants within each subclass enabled the high‐resolution profiling of individual allotype stabilities. Crucially, these observed differences were not found to be linked to N297‐linked glycan heterogeneity. Our work demonstrates diverse stabilities (and dynamics) for a range of naturally occurring constant domain alleles and the utility of REES as a method for rapid and sensitive antibody stability profiling, requiring only laboratory spectrophotometry equipment.
N,N‐dimethyltryptamine affects electroencephalography response in a concentration‐dependent manner—A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis
Authors: Eckernäs Emma , Timmermann Christopher , Carhart‐Harris Robin , Röshammar Daniel , Ashton Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractN,N‐dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is a psychedelic substance and is being used as a research tool in investigations of the neurobiology behind the human consciousness using different brain imaging techniques. The effects of psychedelics have commonly been studied using electroencephalography (EEG) and have been shown to produce suppression of alpha power and increase in signal diversity. However, the relationship between DMT exposure and its EEG effects has never been quantified. In this work, a population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis was performed investigating the relationship between DMT plasma concentrations and its EEG effects. Data were obtained from a clinical study where DMT was administered by intravenous bolus dose to 13 healthy subjects. The effects on alpha power, beta power, and Lempel‐Ziv complexity were evaluated. DMT was shown to fully suppress alpha power. Beta power was only partially suppressed, whereas an increase in Lempel‐Ziv complexity was observed. The relationship between plasma concentrations and effects were described using effect compartment models with sigmoidal maximum inhibitory response or maximum stimulatory response models. Values of the concentration needed to reach half of the maximum response (EC50,e) were estimated at 71, 137, and 54 nM for alpha, beta, and Lempel‐Ziv complexity, respectively. A large amount of between‐subject variability was associated with both beta power and Lempel‐Ziv complexity with coefficients of variability of 75% and 77% for the corresponding EC50,e values, respectively. Alpha power appeared to be the most robust response, with a between‐subject variability in EC50,e of 29%. Having a deeper understanding of these processes might prove beneficial in choosing appropriate doses and response biomarkers in the future clinical development of DMT.
Aqueous extract ofCeratonia siliquaL. leaves elicits antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, andAChEinhibiting effects in amyloid‐β42‐induced cognitive deficit mice: Role ofα7‐nAChRin modulating Jak2/PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin cascade
Authors: El Sayed Nesrine S. , Abidar Sara , Nhiri Mohamed , Hritcu Lucian , Ibrahim Weam W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder attributed to several etiological factors including cholinergic dysregulation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, β‐amyloidogenesis, and tauopathy. This demands the search for multitarget drugs, especially of natural sources owing to their pleiotropic activities and low adverse effects. The present study was conducted to investigate the cognitive‐improving potential ofCeratonia siliquaL. (Cs) extract compared with donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, on AD‐like pathological alterations induced by single intracerebroventricular amyloid‐β42 (Aβ42) injection in mice. Aβ42‐injected mice were treated with Cs (100 mg/kg/day, po) with or without methyllycaconitine (MLA; 1 mg/kg/day, ip), an α7‐nAChR antagonist. Aβ42‐injected animals demonstrated an elevation of hippocampal Aβ42, p‐Tau, and acetylcholinesterase. They also showed a decline in phosphorylated levels of Jak2, PI3K, Akt, and GSK‐3β, leading to induction of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Noteworthy, Cs improved the histopathological and behavioral variables in addition to mitigating AD hallmarks. It also exerted neuroprotection by reducing NF‐κBp65 and TNF‐α, while elevating Nrf2 and HO‐1, along with stabilizing β‐catenin under the impact of Jak2/PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β signaling. These beneficial effects of Cs were abrogated by MLA co‐administration signifying the α7‐nAChR involvement in Cs‐mediated effects. Therefore, Cs can ameliorate Aβ42‐induced neurodegeneration by modulating Jak2/PI3K/Akt/GSK‐3β/β‐catenin axis in an α7‐nAChR‐dependent manner.
Enablers and barriers of COVID‐19 vaccination efforts in Nepal
Authors: Chhetri Sunit , Manandar Srista , Chhetri Sunny , Acharya Astha , Regmi Swapnil , Gurudhami Dil Bahadur , Dorji Thinley 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNepal, a landlocked country with a population of 29.1 million faced great socioeconomic, financial, and social hardships during the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Nepal had increasing cases of COVID‐19 despite multiple lockdowns and travel restrictions. Nepal reported 1,000,775 cases and 12,019 deaths till early November 2022. Timely government decisions, strategic political diplomacy, flexible vaccine policy, and multiple loan deals helped Nepal secure the COVID‐19 vaccine from India in a commendable time frame. With the existing structure of the primary health care settings and experience of having implemented childhood vaccination campaigns, Nepal rolled out the COVID‐19 vaccines across the nation on 27 January 2021. However, the delta wave was a devastating blow to South Asia with a high number of hospitalizations and deaths and a complete disruption of the COVID‐19 vaccine supply from India. The government ran a relentless effort in COVID‐19 vaccination and provided full vaccination to 33% of the total population by the end of 2021 and 81.1% by May 2022. The booster doses were administered beginning in 2022, but the campaign efforts have been lethargic with a coverage of only 29.2% and a lack of keen support from the public. The emergence of new variants of the virus continues to pose a challenge in controlling the disease and reopening the country to pre‐pandemic levels of socioeconomic activities.
Agricultural and municipal organic waste amendments to increase soil organic carbon: How much, how often, and to what end?
Authors: Parton William J. , Kelly Robin H. , Hartman Melannie D. , Revallier Agathe , de Faria Ana Barbara Bisinella , Naves‐Maschietto Gabriela , Orvain Marie , Houot Sabine , Albuquerque Maria , Kech Sebastian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA new version of the Century ecosystem model, modified to better represent chemically and physically recalcitrant organic amendments by allowing the addition of organic waste products (OWP) as a mixture of plant material and surface slow soil organic matter (SOM) controlled by the Indicator of Residual Organic Carbon (IROC), and field observations from a 16‐year wheat corn rotation experiment near Paris, France, were used to assess the long‐term impacts of applying agricultural and municipal organic waste products (OWP) on soil carbon (C) sequestration, grain C and nutrient content, and soil nutrient status. Sixteen years of observed grain C, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) and soil C and nutrient data were used to calibrate and validate the performance of IROC‐Century. A suite of future management scenarios, simulated using this calibrated model, explored multiple frequencies of applications of OWP and fertilizer to evaluate their long‐term impacts on grain C and nutrient content, soil C sequestration, and NO3− leaching. The model effectively simulated the impact of biennial additions of four OWP types on soil C, N, P, and K during the 16‐year experiment. Measured and simulated OWP +fertilizer resulted in higher soil C (highest for well‐decomposed [55%] vs. less‐decomposed [37%] OWP) and N content, while total soil accumulation of N, P, and K was determined by the content of the OWP, regardless of IROC, and OWP greatly reduced the need to add chemical fertilizer while increasing crop production and N, P, and K uptake by the crop. Simulation scenarios using IROC‐Century for future management suggest that the optimal cropping management system to maintain high corn and wheat production and reduce NO3− leaching is to apply OWP biennially for 12 years along with fertilizer and then reduce OWP to every fourth year while continuing to add fertilizer to the wheat crop only. However, reducing the number of OWP additions in these scenarios did decrease the rate of soil carbon sequestration.