bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory cytokines in maternal serum between women with threatened miscarriage and normal pregnancy
Authors: Hakeem Lawal Adewale , Bello Yusuf Olatunji , Obajimi Gbolahan O. , Onifade Abdul Fatai Adekunle , Ahmed Bolaji , Arowojolu Ayodele O. , Morhason‐Bello Imran Oludare 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the levels of proinflammatory cytokines in women with threatened miscarriage and normal pregnancy.MethodsThis study was a longitudinal study. Consenting women with normal pregnancy and those admitted on account of threatened miscarriage at an estimated gestational age of 6–10 weeks were included in the study. The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) and the anti‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐4 and IL‐13 were measured at the diagnosis of threatened miscarriage (baseline) and in the 13th week of pregnancy. The χ2 test of association was used to examine the relationship between the pregnancy type and demographic characteristics; clinical history and gynecologic history. Student t test was used to compare the selected cytokine between women with threatened miscarriage and normal pregnancy.ResultsThere was a significantly higher IL‐2 (P = 0.033), IFN‐γ (P < 0.001), and IL‐13 (P < 0.001) in women with threatened miscarriage than in women with normal pregnancy at the baseline. At the follow up, the results revealed a significantly higher IFN‐γ level (P < 0.001) and IL‐4 (P = 0.019) in women with threatened miscarriage than in women with normal pregnancies.ConclusionProinflammatory cytokine profiles were associated with a higher risk of threatened miscarriage.
Frameworks, guidelines, and tools to develop a learning health system for Indigenous health: An environmental scan for Canada
Authors: Rice Emma , Mashford‐Pringle Angela , Qiang Jinfan , Henderson Lynn , MacLean Tammy , Rhoden Justin , Simms Abigail , Stutz Sterling 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionFirst Nations, Inuit, and Métis (FNIM) peoples experience systemic health disparities within Ontario's healthcare system. Learning health systems (LHS) is a rapidly growing interdisciplinary area with the potential to address these inequitable health outcomes through a comprehensive health system that draws on science, informatics, incentives, and culture for ongoing innovation and improvement. However, global literature is in its infancy with grounding theories and principles still emerging. In addition, there is inadequate information on LHS within Ontario's health care context.MethodsWe conducted an environmental scan between January and April 2021 and again in June 2022 to identify existing frameworks, guidelines, and tools for designing, developing, implementing, and evaluating an LHS.ResultsWe found 37 relevant sources. This paper maps the literature and identifies gaps in knowledge based on five key pillars: (a) data and evidence‐driven, (b) patient‐centeredness, (c) system‐supported, (d) cultural competencies enabled, and (e) the learning health system.ConclusionWe provide recommendations for implementation accordingly. The literature on LHS provides a starting point to address the health disparities of FNIM peoples within the healthcare system but Indigenous community partnerships in LHS development and operation will be key to success.
Pentafluorophenyl vinyl ketone: Synthesis, radical polymerization, copolymerization, and polymer degradation under ultra‐violet irradiation
Authors: Kaletina Polina M. , Vinogradov Andrey S. , Shaparenko Nikita O. , Parkhomenko Dmitriy A. , Shundrina Inna K. , Mezhenkova Tatyana V. , Bagryanskaya Elena G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, we report the synthesis of a new fluorinated vinyl monomer, that is, pentafluorophenyl vinyl ketone [1‐(pentafluorophenyl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one], its radical polymerization and copolymerization with styrene, methyl vinyl ketone, or phenyl vinyl ketone. The obtained homo‐ and co‐polymers were subjected to thermal analysis, contact angle measurement, and an assay of resistance to UV irradiation. The results showed that the poly(pentafluorophenyl vinyl ketone) has a slightly greater contact angle and a lower temperature of the maximum decomposition rate when compared to the nonfluorinated analog: poly(phenyl vinyl ketone).
Towards a co‐crediting system for carbon and biodiversity
Authors: Tedersoo Leho , Sepping Jaan , Morgunov Alexey S. , Kiik Martin , Esop Kristiina , Rosenvald Raul , Hardwick Kate , Breman Elinor , Purdon Rachel , Groom Ben , Venmans Frank , Kiers E. Toby , Antonelli Alexandre 
Published: July 2023

Societal Impact StatementHumankind is facing both climate and biodiversity crises. This article proposes the foundations of a scheme that offers tradable credits for combined aboveground and soil carbon and biodiversity. Multidiversity—as estimated based on high‐throughput molecular identification of soil meiofauna, fungi, bacteria, protists, plants and other organisms shedding DNA into soil, complemented by acoustic and video analyses of aboveground macrobiota—offers a cost‐effective method that captures much of the terrestrial biodiversity. Such a voluntary crediting system would increase the quality of carbon projects and contribute funding for delivering the Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.SummaryCarbon crediting and land offsets for biodiversity protection have been developed to tackle the challenges of increasing greenhouse gas emissions and the loss of global biodiversity. Unfortunately, these two mechanisms are not optimal when considered separately. Focusing solely on carbon capture—the primary goal of most carbon‐focused crediting and offsetting commitments—often results in the establishment of non‐native, fast‐growing monocultures that negatively affect biodiversity and soil‐related ecosystem services. Soil contributes a vast proportion of global biodiversity and contains traces of aboveground organisms. Here, we outline a carbon and biodiversity co‐crediting scheme based on the multi‐kingdom molecular and carbon analyses of soil samples, along with remote sensing estimation of aboveground carbon as well as video and acoustic analyses‐based monitoring of aboveground macroorganisms. Combined, such a co‐crediting scheme could help halt biodiversity loss by incentivising industry and governments to account for biodiversity in carbon sequestration projects more rigorously, explicitly and equitably than they currently do. In most cases, this would help prioritise protection before restoration and help promote more socially and environmentally sustainable land stewardship towards a ‘nature positive’ future.
Finite‐time dissipative control of fuzzy distributed parameter CPSs with quantization under cyber attacks
Authors: Li Teng‐Fei , Ding Liming , Chang Xiao‐Heng , Park Ju H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe finite‐time dissipative control for a class of nonlinear distributed parameter Cyber‐Physical Systems (CPSs) is studied in this article. By replacing the nonlinear term with the Takagi‐Sugeno (T‐S) fuzzy model, the nonlinear distributed parameter CPSs are represented by a fuzzy parabolic partial differential equation (PDE). To reduce the transmission burden of communication channels, the state information is considered to be dynamically quantized before transmission. Then, a fuzzy state feedback controller under cyber attacks is designed. Sufficient design criteria for the fuzzy controller and the adjusting parameters of dynamic quantizer are developed to obtain the finite‐time dissipative performance of the fuzzy closed‐loop system by the free‐matrix inequality approach. Finally, a simulation study in a cascaded of two cylindrical lithium batteries is explored to validate the efficiency of the control strategy.
Single Nanovesicles Tracking Reveals Their Heterogeneous Extracellular Adsorptions
Authors: Sun Hua , Qi Huibo , Hu Wanting , Guan Liandi , Xue Jianfeng , Ai Yongjian , Wang Yu , Ding Mingyu , Liang Qionglin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe vigorous nanomedicine offers significant possibilities for effective therapeutics of various diseases, and nanovesicles (NVs) represented by artificial liposomes and natural exosomes and cytomembranes especially show great potential. However, their complex interactions with cells, particularly the heterogeneous extracellular adsorptions, are difficult to analyze spatiotemporally due to the transient dynamics. In this study, by single NVs tracking, the extracellular NVs adsorptions are directly observed and their heterogeneous characteristics are revealed. Briefly, plenty of NVs adsorbed on HCT116 cells are tracked and classified, and it is discovered that they exhibit various diffusion properties from different extracellular regions: stable adsorptions on the rear surface and restricted adsorptions on the front protrusion. After the hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid in the extracellular matrix by hyaluronidase, the restricted adsorptions are further weakened and manifested as dissociative adsorptions, which demonstrated reduced total NVs adsorptions from a single‐cell and single‐particle perspective. Compared with traditional static analysis, the spatiotemporal tracking and heterogeneous results not only reveal the extracellular NVs‐cell interactions but also inspire a wide variety of nanomedicine and their nano‐investigations.
Plasma‐Induced Formation of Pt Nanoparticles with Optimized Surface Oxidation States for Methanol Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction Reactions to Achieve High‐Performance DMFCs
Authors: Hu Tingting , Chen Weiheng , Liu Yubing , Gong Longxiang , Jiang Zhongqing , Bhalothia Dinesh , Maiyalagan Thandavarayan , Jiang Zhong‐Jie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPlasma treatment and reduction are used to synthesize Pt nanoparticles (NPs) on nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes (p‐Pt/p‐NCNT) with a low Pt content. In particular, the plasma treatment is used to treat the NCNT to give it with more surface defects, facilitating a better growth of the Pt NPs, while the plasma reduction produces the Pt NPs with a reduced fraction of the surface atoms at the high oxidation states, increasing the catalytic activities of the p‐Pt@p‐NCNT. Even at the low Pt content (7.8 wt.%), the p‐Pt@p‐NCNT shows superior catalytic activities and good stabilities for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the defects generated in the plasma treatment can help the growth of the Pt NPs on the NCNTs, leading to the stronger electronic coupling between Pt and NCNT and the increased stability of the catalyst. The plasma reduction can give the Pt NPs with optimized surface oxidation states, decreasing the energy barriers of the rate‐determining steps for MOR and ORR. When used as the anode and cathode catalysts for the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), the p‐Pt@p‐NCNT exhibits a higher maximum power density of 81.9 mW cm−2 at 80 °C and shows good durability.
Non-equilibrium large deviations and parabolic-hyperbolic PDE with irregular drift
Authors: Fehrman Benjamin , Gess Benjamin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLarge deviations of conservative interacting particle systems, such as the zero range process, about their hydrodynamic limit and their respective rate functions lead to the analysis of the skeleton equation; a degenerate parabolic-hyperbolic PDE with irregular drift. We develop a robust well-posedness theory for such PDEs in energy-critical spaces based on concepts of renormalized solutions and the equation’s kinetic form. We establish these properties by proving that renormalized solutions are equivalent to classical weak solutions, extending concepts of (DiPerna and Lions in Invent. Math. 98(3):511–547, 1989; Ambrosio in Invent. Math. 158(2):227–260, 2004) to the nonlinear setting.The relevance of the results toward large deviations in interacting particle systems is demonstrated by applications to the identification of l.s.c. envelopes of restricted rate functions, to zero noise large deviations for conservative SPDE, and to the $\Gamma $
Γ
-convergence of rate functions. The first of these solves a long-standing open problem in the large deviations for zero range processes. The second makes rigorous an informal link between the non-equilibrium statistical mechanics approaches of macroscopic fluctuation theory and fluctuating hydrodynamics.
System for automated monitoring of local soil removal during cleaning in closed food processing lines with a quartz crystal sensor
Authors: Gottschall S. , Murcek R. , Städtler S. , Mauermann M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUsing quartz crystal microbalances (QCM) to monitor cleaning processes creates new opportunities towards efficient and need-based cleaning processes. A first study with starch as food model soiling showed the suitability of a QCM-based sensor concept to detect swellable substances and monitor the cleaning process [1]. The results of a follow-up study will be presented in this manuscript. Cleaning tests were conducted at 40 and 55 °C while monitoring a range of characteristics (peak height, attenuation, integral, tangent incline, turning point) in the sensor signal course. An optical sensor, monitoring the cleaning process was used as a reference. Based on this, the most promising parameters (peak height, attenuation, tangent incline) were selected to develop an evaluation algorithm counteracting the sensor cross-sensitivity towards process parameters such as temperature and influences of the cleaning fluid. The algorithm can determine whether the sensor surface is clean or soiled. Cleaning tests with tomato paste and milk proved the sensor’s ability to detect industrial food products with an average deviation of 68,0 s (tomato paste) and 43,8 s (milk) from the reference sensor.
Consumption of ultra-processed products is associated with vitamin D deficiency in Brazilian adults and elderly
Authors: Nascimento Larisse Monteles , Lavôr Layanne Cristina de Carvalho , Sousa Paulo Víctor de Lima , Luzia Liania Alves , Viola Poliana Cristina de Almeida Fonseca , Paiva Adriana de Azevedo , Rondó Patricia Helen de Carvalho , Frota Karoline de Macedo Gonçalves 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough studies show that the intake of ultra-processed products (UPP) has a negative impact on health, diet quality and dietary vitamin D, its influence on serum concentrations of this vitamin remains unknown; therefore, it is essential to verify the association between the UPP consumption and vitamin D deficiency. This is a cross-sectional, household, population-based study, carried out with 229 individuals aged 20 years or older, residents of the city of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Socio-demographic, lifestyle, food consumption and anthropometric data were collected. Food consumption was obtained using a 24-h food recall, and foods were grouped according to the NOVA classification. Plasma concentrations of calcidiol–25 (OH) D3 were determined by HPLC. Crude and adjusted binary logistic regression was applied to estimate the association between UPP consumption and vitamin D deficiency. Most individuals aged 20–39 years were vitamin D deficient (52·1 %). UPP contributed 19·9 % to the energetic intake of the participant’s diet. This contribution was higher for individuals with vitamin D deficiency (22·5 %, P = 0·04). In addition, a high intake of UPP was associated with twice the risk of vitamin D deficiency in comparison with low consumption of UPP (OR: 2·05; CI 1·06, 4·50; P: 0·04). Our results suggest that the consumption of UPP may have a negative impact on serum concentrations of vitamin D; more studies are needed.
Arctic science diplomacy in new geopolitical conditions: From “soft” power to “hard” dialogue?
Authors: Zaika Yulia , Lagutina Maria 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Recent years have shown that international science dialogue exists at the edge of turbulence and is disturbed by different geopolitical events. The notion of science diplomacy has taken the critical discourse to different levels of actors. Such a discourse exposes the epistemological ambivalence and methodological imbalance of both science and diplomacy in this phenomenon. Current geopolitical conditions have revealed new edges of science diplomacy instruments that spread from “soft” to “hard” practices. Different levels of dialogue and cooperation have shown different examples of resilience and adaptability (or the opposite) to the external turbulence. The phenomenon of regionalisation in science diplomacy is facing criticism from the science community while the current geopolitical situation has dramatically influenced the Arctic science dialogue, as well as governance practices. This commentary discusses particular examples of existing Arctic science diplomacy practices in current geopolitical conditions which are reflected in the Arctic theoretical and practical discourse.
Controlled trial of a workplace sales ban on sugar-sweetened beverages
Authors: Schmidt Jamey M , Epel Elissa S , Jacobs Laurie M , Mason Ashley E , Parrett Bethany , Pickett Amanda M , Mousli Leyla M , Schmidt Laura A 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjective:To examine the effectiveness of a workplace sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) sales ban on reducing SSB consumption in employees, including those with cardiometabolic disease risk factors.Design:A controlled trial of ethnically diverse, full-time employees who consumed SSB heavily (sales ban n 315; control n 342). Outcomes included standardised measures of change in SSB consumption in the workplace (primary) and at home between baseline and 6 months post-sales ban.Setting:Sutter Health, a large non-profit healthcare delivery system in Northern California.Participants:Full-time employees at Sutter Health screened for heavy SSB consumption.Results:Participants were 66·1 % non-White. On average, participants consumed 34·7 ounces (about 1 litre) of SSB per d, and the majority had an elevated baseline BMI (mean = 29·5). In adjusted regression analyses, those exposed to a workplace SSB sales ban for 6 months consumed 2·7 (95 % CI –4·9, –0·5) fewer ounces of SSB per d while at work, and 4·3 (95 % CI –8·4, –0·2) fewer total ounces per d, compared to controls. Sales ban participants with an elevated BMI or waist circumference had greater post-intervention reductions in workplace SSB consumption.Conclusions:Workplace sales bans can reduce SSB consumption in ethnically diverse employee populations, including those at higher risk for cardiometabolic disease.
Composable security of CV-MDI-QKD with secret key rate and data processing
Authors: Papanastasiou Panagiotis , Mountogiannakis Alexander G. , Pirandola Stefano 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe provide a rigorous security proof of continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution which incorporates finite-size effects and composable terms. In order to use realistic and optimized parameters and be able to derive results close to experimental expectations, we run protocol simulations supported by a Python library, including all the protocol operations, from simulating the quantum communication till the extraction of the final key.
Juxtaposing Sub-Sahara Africa’s energy poverty and renewable energy potential
Authors: Mukhtar Mustapha , Adun Humphrey , Cai Dongsheng , Obiora Sandra , Taiwo Michael , Ni Ting , Ozsahin Dilber Uzun , Bamisile Olusola 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently, the International Energy Agency (IEA) released a comprehensive roadmap for the global energy sector to achieve net-zero emission by 2050. Considering the sizeable share of (Sub-Sahara) Africa in the global population, the attainment of global energy sector net-zero emission is practically impossible without a commitment from African countries. Therefore, it is important to study and analyze feasible/sustainable ways to solve the energy/electricity poverty in Africa. In this paper, the energy poverty in Africa and the high renewable energy (RE) potential are reviewed. Beyond this, the generation of electricity from the abundant RE potential in this region is analyzed in hourly timestep. This study is novel as it proposes a Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) central grid as one of the fastest/feasible solutions to the energy poverty problem in this region. The integration of a sizeable share of electric vehicles with the proposed central grid is also analyzed. This study aims to determine the RE electricity generation capacities, economic costs, and supply strategies required to balance the projected future electricity demand in SSA. The analysis presented in this study is done considering 2030 and 2040 as the targeted years of implementation. EnergyPLAN simulation program is used to simulate/analyze the generation of electricity for the central grid. The review of the energy poverty in SSA showed that the electricity access of all the countries in this region is less than 100%. The analysis of the proposed central RE grid system is a viable and sustainable option, however, it requires strategic financial planning for its implementation. The cheapest investment cost from all the case scenarios in this study is $298 billion. Considering the use of a single RE technology, wind power systems implementation by 2030 and 2040 are the most feasible options as they have the least economic costs. Overall, the integration of the existing/fossil-fueled power systems with RE technologies for the proposed central grid will be the cheapest/easiest pathway as it requires the least economic costs. While this does not require the integration of storage systems, it will help the SSA countries reduce their electricity sector carbon emission by 56.6% and 61.8% by 2030 and 2040 respectively.
Investigation of intake air temperature effect on co-combustion characteristics of NH3/gasoline in naturally aspirated high compression ratio engine with sub-chamber
Authors: Yilmaz Emir , Ichiyanagi Mitsuhisa , Zheng Qinyue , Guo Bin , Aratake Narumi , Kodaka Masashi , Shiraishi Hikaru , Okada Takanobu , Suzuki Takashi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently, ammonia (NH3), which has a higher energy density than hydrogen, has gained attention for zero-carbon emission goals in the transportation sector. However, in a conventional internal combustion engine (ICE), NH3 combustion mechanism is still under investigation. In this paper, to further expand the knowledge on the adoption of NH3 in ICEs, authors conducted NH3/gasoline co-combustion experiments in a modified, 17.7:1 compression ratio, naturally aspirated spark-assisted CI engine with sub-chamber. The sub-chamber was chosen in order to enhance the combustion speed of NH3. In addition, the sub-chamber was equipped with glow and spark plugs to overcome the high auto-ignition temperature of NH3. Engine performance and NOX emissions were studied under three different intake air temperatures. During the experiments, NH3 content was increased gradually where the engine was run under lean conditions. Although higher NH3 content was achieved compared to our previous work, increasing the intake air temperature resulted in decreased charging efficiency. In addition, corrosion was found on the piston ring after 120 h of operation, negatively affecting the engine performance. Furthermore, NH3/gasoline co-combustion duration was shortened drastically with the influence of the sub-chamber, where the longest combustion duration under the present conditions was found to be 17°CA.