bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between lifestyle and well‐being in early and late pregnancy in women with overweight or obesity: Secondary analyses of the PEARS RCT
Authors: Philippe Kaat , Douglass Alexander P. , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. , Phillips Catherine M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesThe associations between individual lifestyle behaviours and well‐being are still poorly understood, particularly in the antenatal period when women are exposed to physiological changes and increased psychological distress. A healthy lifestyle score (HLS) comprising protective lifestyle behaviours may be useful for studying links between overall lifestyle and psychosocial outcomes. This study aimed to examine bidirectional associations between a HLS and its components and psychological well‐being in pregnant women with overweight/obesity.DesignSecondary analyses of data from the PEARS trial.MethodsHealthy lifestyle scores (scored 0–5) based on maternal diet (AHEI‐P), physical activity (MET‐minutes), alcohol consumption, smoking, and sleep habits were created for 330 and 287 mothers with overweight/obesity in early (14–16 weeks gestation) and late pregnancy (28 weeks gestation), respectively. Psychological well‐being was measured with the WHO‐5 well‐being index. Cross‐lagged path models (crude/adjusted) tested the directionality of relationships between lifestyle (composite score/individual components) and well‐being cross‐sectionally and over time in pregnancy.ResultsThe mean early pregnancy BMI was 29.2 kg/m2. The mean well‐being score was 56.3% in early and 60.7% in late pregnancy. Significant autoregressive effects were observed for the HLS, all individual components, and well‐being from early to late pregnancy. Well‐being was positively correlated with the HLS, physical activity, and sleep variables within time points (in early and/or late pregnancy). Sleep and no smoking in early pregnancy predicted higher well‐being in late pregnancy.ConclusionsOverall healthy lifestyle, physical activity, and especially sleep duration and quality are associated with psychological well‐being in pregnancy, and should be promoted antenatally.
Imino and Thioureidic Derivatives as New Tools for Alzheimer's Disease: Preliminary Studies
Authors: Caruso Anna , Tommonaro Giuseppina , Vassallo Antonio , Paris Debora , Monné Magnus , Catalano Alessia , Sinicropi Maria Stefania , Saturnino Carmela 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative chronic disease with a severe social and economic impact in the societies, which still lacks an efficient therapy. Several pathophysiological events (β‐amyloid [Aβ] deposits, τ‐protein aggregation, loss of cholinergic activity, and oxidative stress) occurs in the progression of the disease. Therefore, the search for efficient multi‐targeted agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease becomes indispensable. In this paper we evaluated the AChE inhibition by Ellman's method and antioxidant activity by DPPH assay of nine synthetic compounds: two hydroxy‐benzene derivatives (1 and 2), three bis‐thioureidic derivatives (3–5), two imidazole derivatives (6 and 7), and two phenylacetamide derivatives (8 and 9). The compound 2, (3s,5s,7s)‐adamantan‐1‐yl 4‐(((E)‐2,5‐dihydroxybenzylidene)amino)benzoate, exhibited the best antioxidant activity (30.00 ± 1.05 μM eq Trolox) and compound 4 showed the highest AChE inhibition value (IC50 [μM] 8.40 ± 0.32). In the search for a compound showing combined activities (antioxidant and AChE inhibition), the compound 4, octane‐1,8‐diyl‐bis‐S‐amidinothiourea dihydrobromide, (19.02 ± 1.52 μM eq Trolox; IC50 [μM] 8.40 ± 0.32) was chosen to carry out a molecular docking study. The results showed that compound 4 has the ability to bind the active site of acetylcholinesterase with considerable affinity (estimated binding energies of −8.5 kcal/mol). All data indicate that compound 4 has the potential to be further investigated as a possible candidate in the Alzheimer's disease treatment.
Aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs regulates inflammasome activation via oxidative stress: A novel mechanism for neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Praveen Irene Mary , Calivarathan Latchoumycandane 
Published: January 2025

AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to hallmark motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, tremors, and rigidity. Emerging evidence suggests that the dysregulation or aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of PD by activating the inflammasome, either directly or via oxidative stress. Aberrant lncRNA expression has been linked to alterations in genes related to oxidative stress, causing an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant defenses. This imbalance contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal damage. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex comprising a sensor protein (eg, NLRP3), an adaptor protein (ASC), and an effector protein (caspase‐1). Its activation involves priming via NF‐κB signaling and is triggered by ROS, mitochondrial dysfunction, death‐associated molecular patterns, or extracellular ATP. Once activated, the inflammasome promotes the cleavage and maturation of the proinflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐18, amplifying neuroinflammation and leading to neurodegeneration in PD. Crosstalk between dysregulated lncRNAs, ROS production, and inflammasome activation creates a vicious cycle of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, exacerbating PD progression. This review explores the molecular mechanisms linking lncRNA dysregulation to inflammasome activation in PD, either directly or through oxidative stress. It also highlights key lncRNAs involved in these processes. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways, such as antioxidants, lncRNA modulators, and inflammasome inhibitors, offer promising avenues to mitigate neuroinflammation and slow neurodegeneration in PD.
Sex‐based analysis of status epilepticus management and outcome: A cohort study
Authors: Tziakouri Andria , Novy Jan , Rossetti Andrea O. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractStatus epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency with significant morbidity and mortality. The role of sex as a factor influencing the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of SE has been scarcely addressed. This study investigates this variable regarding the clinical management and outcome among adult patients with SE. We retrospectively analyzed the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) Status Epilepticus Registry (SERCH) over a 10‐year period, including 961 SE episodes in 831 patients (56.82% male; 43.18% female), excluding post‐axonic cases. There were no statistically significant differences in age, potentially fatal etiology, or pre‐treatment consciousness impairment between sexes. Male patients were slightly younger (mean age 61 vs 64 years, p =.03), had a higher prevalence of prior seizures (54.76% vs 47.9%, p = .04), and were more likely to present with generalized convulsive SE (51.5% vs 41%), whereas female patients exhibited a higher frequency of focal unaware SE (31.7% vs 22.1%, global p = .02). Treatment strategies were similar across sexes, with benzodiazepines as first‐line therapy in over 80% of cases, levetiracetam being the most frequently prescribed second‐line treatment, followed by valproate and lacosamide. Development of refractory SE was comparable between sexes (54% in both, p = .92); outcomes at discharge were also similar. SE refractoriness and return to baseline conditions remained similar after multivariable adjustment for potential confounders. Overall, our results suggest comparable SE management, treatment responsiveness and outcomes between men and women.
Social networks and help‐seeking among Korean immigrant intimate partner violence survivors
Authors: Kim Jeongsuk , Kim Chunrye 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated help‐seeking behaviors among Korean immigrant women facing intimate partner violence (IPV) and examined how their social networks influence the help‐seeking process.BackgroundAlthough existing research highlights the role of social networks in supporting IPV survivors, limited studies explore how these networks specifically impact Korean immigrant women's help‐seeking experiences.MethodWe conducted in‐depth interviews with 16 Korean immigrant women who self‐identified as IPV survivors. Interviews occurred either in person at our New York office or via online or phone interviews. Thematic analysis was employed for data analysis.ResultsTwo primary themes emerged regarding Korean immigrants' help‐seeking behavior in IPV situations: (a) passive help‐seeking within interpersonal networks and (b) active help‐seeking through ethnic‐based online networks. Korean women tended to avoid disclosing IPV and seeking help from family or local church members. Instead, they often preferred to seek anonymous support through ethnic‐based online platforms.ConclusionsExisting interpersonal networks were rarely used as a route for seeking help, primarily due to cultural norms and stigma. However, online Korean communities emerged as a meaningful resource, facilitating connections with others facing similar challenges and providing anonymous support.ImplicationsTo facilitate IPV disclosure and better support abused Korean immigrants, we should promote and enhance online platforms that offer confidential emotional support, information, and resources.
β‐Diversity Scaling Patterns Across Different Bioregionalisations for a Megadiverse Neotropical Fish Family
Authors: Guedes Gustavo Henrique Soares , Santangelo Jayme Magalhães , Pires Aliny Patrícia Flauzino , Araújo Francisco Gerson 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimBioregionalisation frameworks represent unique assemblages of species resulting from geographic isolation and environmental heterogeneity. Understanding how different bioregionalisations capture community compositional variation is crucial, as underlying patterns and processes are scale‐dependent. This study aimed to (1) explore the underlying ecological processes through the decomposition of beta diversity (turnover and nestedness); (2) identify which bioregionalisation framework offers the optimal spatial granularity for distinguishing between communities; and (3) evaluate the effective number of compositionally distinct areas.LocationNeotropical domain.TaxonRivulidae—annual species.MethodsPresence–absence data of fish species were analysed using pairwise β‐diversity and hierarchical clustering methods (UPGMA) and compared with 14 comprehensive bioregionalisation frameworks, including terrestrial ecoregions (TEOW), freshwater ecoregions (FEOW), neotropical provinces and watersheds (HydroBasins).ResultsThe study revealed that (1) turnover is the dominant component of β‐diversity, surpassing nestedness across all bioregionalisation frameworks; (2) turnover increases non‐linearly as regionalisation area decreases, with a threshold identified beyond which further area reduction does not significantly increase turnover; and (3) the optimal spatial granularity for bioregionalisation is achieved at smaller watershed scales (146–414 km2), where turnover is maximised and the optimal number of bioregions (> 180) is identified.Main ConclusionsTurnover patterns are linked to factors such as high endemism, low dispersal capacity and the significant isolation of temporary wetlands. The scale dependence of β‐diversity is influenced not only by the area of bioregionalisations but also by the underlying design of these units, such as those based on hydrogeomorphological features (HydroBasins) or taxon distribution patterns (FEOW and TEOW). Finer spatial scales are more effective for assessing biodiversity patterns for endemic taxa and in habitats with low connectivity. These findings can enhance the understanding of how bioregionalisation frameworks reflect species compositional variation, with important implications for interpreting ecological patterns and developing scale‐dependent conservation strategies.
The Effect of Hope Level and Self‐Concept on Peer Victimization Among Adolescents in Rural Areas of Turkey: A Path Analysis
Authors: Genç Fatma Zehra , Yıldız Suzan , Bilgili Naile 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTProblemEarly adolescence (10–14 years) is a critical period in which peer victimization (PV) is common. In protecting, maintaining, and improving the health of adolescents, it is important to detect PV and evaluate its relationship with the level of hope and self‐concept. This study aimed to determine the PV situation of adolescents living in rural areas and establish the effect of the level of hope and self‐concept on this situation.MethodThis research was conducted with 830 adolescents studying at 7 secondary schools in rural Turkey. The predictive model study was conducted between May and June 2023. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Peer Victimization Scale, the Children's Hope Scale, and Piers‐Harris Children's Self‐Concept Scale. Path analysis were used to evaluate the data.FindingsIt was determined that the level of PV was low, the level of hope was high, and the self‐concept was moderate in adolescents living in rural areas. It was found that hope had a negative effect (β = −0.339; p < 0.001) and self‐concept had a positive effect (β = 0.284; p < 0.001) on PV.ConclusionsOf the PV cases, 19.6% were explained with hope and self‐concept in adolescents. It was concluded that hope and self‐concept had a protective role in PV. This study results can be used by researchers to guide PV studies targeting adolescents living in rural areas and structure intervention studies aimed at preventing victimization. Being aware of protective factors, such as strengthening the individual's internal mechanisms such as self‐concept and hope, may be important for interventions against PV.
Bringing the EU Back In: Rethinking the United Kingdom's Post‐Brexit Bilateralism
Authors: Davies Cleo , Kassim Hussein 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlthough the bilateral deals it has struck with European neighbours are a key element of the United Kingdom's post‐Brexit diplomacy, it would be a mistake to view these understandings as evidence that the United Kingdom has escaped the EU's influence or orbit. Since the United Kingdom's co‐signatories are bound by their legal and political commitments as EU member states, the deals they can conclude with non‐members are limited. Inspired by the work of John Erik Fossum and his collaborators on post‐Brexit Norway–UK relations, this article argues that the United Kingdom's interaction with EU member states forms one side of a triangular relationship constrained by both the obligations on the United Kingdom's European partners qua member states and EU–UK agreements. Drawing on a systematic analysis of UK bilaterals signed with EU countries since 2021, it shows how their form, scope and content are thereby limited by these constraints, with important implications for the United Kingdom's strategy of bilateralism post‐Brexit.
Spillovers in Crowdfunding
Authors: Belleflamme Paul , Lambert Thomas , Schwienbacher Armin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe use novel entrepreneur‐backer data to study the extent to which spillovers arise between projects displayed on crowdfunding platforms. We find that backers decide to back a particular project based on past contributions not only to that project—as documented by prior work—but also to other contemporaneous projects—a novel result. Our difference‐in‐differences estimates indicate that such “cross‐project spillovers” account for 4% in the increase of contributions that projects generate on a daily basis. We show that recurrent backers are an important transmission channel of cross‐project spillovers: By initiating social learning about project existence and quality, recurrent backers encourage future funding by other backers. Our results demonstrate that even though contemporaneous projects compete for funding, they jointly benefit from their common presence on the platform. These findings have significant implications for digital platform management and competition dynamics.
Comparative Analysis Between Strip and Gels Indicated for at Home Bleaching: Analysis of Color Alteration, Roughness and Microhardness of Dental Enamel
Authors: Aidar K. M. S. , Cintra L. T. A. , Ferreira M. C. B. , Fagundes T. C. , Esteves L. M. B. , Goto J. , Catelan A. , Briso A. L. F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeTo compare the color alteration, surface roughness and microhardness and cross‐sectional microhardness of bovine enamel treated with at‐home whitening strips and gels.Materials and MethodsSixty‐six pigmented specimens (n = 11) were allocated to six groups: C—cotton wool moistened with distilled water for 1 h; SDS—sodium dithionite strip, for 1 h; HPS—6.5% hydrogen peroxide strip, for 1 h; CPS—20% carbamide peroxide strip, for 1 h; HPG—7.5% hydrogen peroxide gel, for 1 h; CPG—10% carbamide peroxide gel, for 4 h. The treatments lasted 10 days, calculating the ∆E, ∆E00, and ∆WID at baseline, 5 and 10 days, and 14 days after completion. Additional 66 polished discs (n = 11) were used to analyze the surface roughness and microhardness of enamel before and after bleaching, cross‐sectional microhardness and integrated mineral loss (ΔZ; %Vol × μm). Data were subjected to statistical analysis by two‐way Anova RM and Tukey post‐test (α = 0.05).ResultsIn ∆E and ∆WID analysis, greater values were obtained in CPG (p < 0.001), followed by HPG and HPS (p = 0.271). SDS and CPS (p < 0.001) exceeded only C (p < 0.001). In ∆E00, at completion of treatments, the results were similar; however, HPG = HPS = CPS (p = 0.237). There was an increase in roughness and decrease in surface microhardness in all bleaching groups (p < 0.005). Concerning the cross‐sectional microhardness, the treatments were equal to C at 150 μm, the last depth analyzed. For ΔZ, the values of SDS, CPS, HPG, and CPG groups showed similar mineral loss (p > 0.001), and the lowest value was exhibited in the Control group, followed by HPS group (p < 0.001).ConclusionAlthough the strips were aesthetically effective, the CPG and HPG groups presented highest values in the ∆E00 and ∆WID analysis. However, all treatments influenced the enamel surface, increasing roughness and decreasing surface and transverse microhardness.Clinical RelevanceThe whitening gels promoted greater chromatic changes, but all treatments affected the enamel surface, increasing roughness and decreasing surface and transverse microhardness.
Beating Cardiac Cell Cultures From Different Developmental Stages of Rainbow Trout as a Novel Approach for Replication of Cardiac Fish Viruses
Authors: Krebs Torben , Bauer Julia , Graff Sarah , Teich Lukas , Sterneberg Markus , Gebert Marina , Seibel Henrike , Seeger Bettina , Hellmann John , Wessel Øystein , Rimstad Espen , Surachetpong Win , Steinhagen Dieter , Jung‐Schroers Verena , Adamek Mikolaj 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPiscine orthoreovirus‐1 and 3 (PRV‐1, PRV‐3) cause highly prevalent infection in cultured salmonids and can induce heart and skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) resulting in economic losses in aquaculture. However, to date, PRV‐1 and PRV‐3 have withstood replication in continuous cell lines. In this study, we used beating heart cell cultures obtained from different developmental stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (RTC‐L and RTC‐A) and tested their ability to sustain replication of PRV‐1 and PRV‐3. Furthermore, we compared the replication pattern of the different viruses with those in the newly developed heart fibroblast cell line (RTH‐F) and the traditional established rainbow trout gonad cell line (RTG‐2). Neither RTCs nor RTH‐F cell lines supported replication of PRV‐1 and PRV‐3. Comparative experiments showed varying susceptibility of the novel cultures to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), chum salmon reovirus (CSV), infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV), salmonid alphavirus 3 (SAV‐3) and tilapia lake virus (TiLV), indicating their usability for work with multiple fish viruses. While confirming the difficulty of replicating PRV‐1 and PRV‐3, the results demonstrate the potential of novel heart‐derived cell cultures as in vitro tools for studying fish viruses.
Brain Transcriptome Changes Associated With an Acute Increase of Protein O‐GlcNAcylation and Implications for Neurodegenerative Disease
Authors: Bell Margaret B. , Kane Mariame S. , Ouyang Xiaosen , Young Martin E. , Jegga Anil G. , Chatham John C. , Darley‐Usmar Victor , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEnhancing protein O‐GlcNAcylation by pharmacological inhibition of the enzyme O‐GlcNAcase (OGA) has been considered as a strategy to decrease tau and amyloid‐beta phosphorylation, aggregation, and pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is still more to be learned about the impact of enhancing global protein O‐GlcNAcylation, which is important for understanding the potential of using OGA inhibition to treat neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the acute effect of pharmacologically increasing O‐GlcNAc levels, using the OGA inhibitor Thiamet G (TG), in normal mouse brains. We hypothesized that the transcriptome signature in response to a 3 h TG treatment (50 mg/kg) provides a comprehensive view of the effect of OGA inhibition. We then performed mRNA sequencing of the brain using NovaSeq PE 150 (n = 5 each group). We identified 1234 significant differentially expressed genes with TG versus saline treatment. Functional enrichment analysis of the upregulated genes identified several upregulated pathways, including genes normally down in AD. Among the downregulated pathways were the cell adhesion pathway as well as genes normally up in AD and aging. When comparing acute to chronic TG treatment, protein autophosphorylation and kinase activity pathways were upregulated, whereas cell adhesion and astrocyte markers were downregulated in both datasets. AMPK subunit Prkab2 was one gene in the kinase activity pathway, and the increase after acute and chronic treatment was confirmed using qPCR. Interestingly, mitochondrial genes and genes normally down in AD were up in acute treatment and down in chronic treatment. Data from this analysis will enable the evaluation of the mechanisms underlying the impact of OGA inhibition in the treatment of AD. In particular, OGA inhibitors appear to have downstream effects related to bioenergetics which may limit their therapeutic benefits.
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