bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wide‐spectrum reconstruction of a velocity model based on the wave equation reflection inversion method and its application
Authors: Xu Xiugang , Zhang Haonan , Xu Wencai , Liu Bin , Tong Siyou , Wang Yifan , Xie Shuxue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMost seismic data used for conventional exploration lack far‐offset signals and effective low‐frequency components. This makes it difficult for conventional full waveform inversion methods to recover the low‐wavenumber components of mid‐ and deep‐layer models. To resolve the bottleneck of ray‐theoretical reflection traveltime tomography, wave equations, such as reflection inversion methods, are receiving increasing attention. We reconstructed a wide‐spectrum velocity model based on the multiscale wave‐equation reflection inversion method for model decomposition. First, using the dynamic image warping method to obtain reflection traveltime residuals, the wave‐equation reflection traveltime inversion was used to recover the low‐wavenumber components of the background model, which also solved the cycle‐skipping problem. Second, the medium‐wavenumber component of the model is then supplemented by the reflection waveform inversion, while the reflectivity model is obtained relying on the least‐squares reverse time migration method. Based on this method, the background and perturbation models are updated alternately and iteratively. At the same time, the stratum structural tensor information was extracted using the perturbed model image to construct a preconditioned operator for the stratum structural constraint, suppress unreasonably high‐wavenumber components in the generalized gradient and improve the geological consistency of the inversion results. Testing of the model using the Sigsbee2b model and seismic field data from the East China Sea showed that, compared with the conventional reflection traveltime tomography method based on prestack depth migration, the wave‐equation reflection inversion strategy with well‐matched information from traveltimes to waveforms significantly improved the accuracy of the middle and deep velocity modelling and enhanced the imaging quality of the whole body.
Ginsenoside Rh4 inhibits the malignant progression of multiple myeloma and induces ferroptosis by regulating SIRT2
Authors: Ying Qiuhua , Lou Jinjie , Zheng Daibo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) has a high mortality rate, and the exploration of therapeutic drugs for MM with low side effects is a hot topic at the moment. Ginsenoside Rh4 has been shown to inhibit tumour growth in many cancers. However, the role of ginsenoside Rh4 in MM and its reaction mechanism have not been reported so far. After the treatment with different concentrations of ginsenoside Rh4, the proliferation of NCI‐H929 cells was detected by Cell Counting Kit‐8 and 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine staining. The cell apoptosis and cycle arrest were detected by flow cytometry and western blot. The thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS) production was assessed with TBARS assay, whereas Fe2+ fluorescence assay was used for the measurement of Fe2+ level. The production of reactive oxygen species was evaluated with dichloro‐dihydro‐fluorescein diacetate staining, and western blot was applied for the estimation of ferroptosis‐related proteins. The potential targets of ginsenoside Rh4 were predicted by molecular docking technology and verified by western blot. The transfection efficacy of overexpression‐SIRT2 was examined with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot. To figure out the detailed reaction mechanism between ginsenoside Rh4 and SIRT2 in MM, rescue experiments were conducted. We found that ginsenoside Rh4 inhibited cell proliferation, induced cell apoptosis, promoted cycle arrest and facilitated ferroptosis in MM. Moreover, ginsenoside Rh4 inhibited SIRT2 expression in MM cells. The overexpression of SIRT2 reversed the effects of ginsenoside Rh4 on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cycle arrest and ferroptosis in MM. Overall, ginsenoside Rh4 inhibited the malignant progression of MM and induced ferroptosis by regulating SIRT2.
Respiratory protein interactions in Dehalobacter sp. strain 8M revealed through genomic and native proteomic analyses
Authors: Soder‐Walz Jesica M. , Wasmund Kenneth , Deobald Darja , Vicent Teresa , Adrian Lorenz , Marco‐Urrea Ernest 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDehalobacter (Firmicutes) encompass obligate organohalide‐respiring bacteria used for bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with halogenated organics. Various aspects of their biochemistry remain unknown, including the identities and interactions of respiratory proteins. Here, we sequenced the genome of Dehalobacter sp. strain 8M and analysed its protein expression. Strain 8M encodes 22 reductive dehalogenase homologous (RdhA) proteins. RdhA D8M_v2_40029 (TmrA) was among the two most abundant proteins during growth with trichloromethane and 1,1,2‐trichloroethane. To examine interactions of respiratory proteins, we used blue native gel electrophoresis together with dehalogenation activity tests and mass spectrometry. The highest activities were found in gel slices with the highest abundance of TmrA. Protein distributions across gel lanes provided biochemical evidence that the large and small subunits of the membrane‐bound [NiFe] uptake hydrogenase (HupL and HupS) interacted strongly and that HupL/S interacted weakly with RdhA. Moreover, the interaction of RdhB and membrane‐bound b‐type cytochrome HupC was detected. RdhC proteins, often encoded in rdh operons but without described function, migrated in a protein complex not associated with HupL/S or RdhA. This study provides the first biochemical evidence of respiratory protein interactions in Dehalobacter, discusses implications for the respiratory architecture and advances the molecular comprehension of this unique respiratory chain.
Elected or Selected? The Continuing Constitutional Conundrum of House of Lords Reform
Authors: Dorey Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe 1911 Parliament Act decreed that Lords reform was ‘an urgent question which brooks no delay’, yet the subsequent 112 years have witnessed only sporadic and inchoate reforms. The issue has invariably suffered both from interparty disagreement between the Conservatives and Labour and, more importantly, intraparty disagreements owing to the divergent views and irreconcilable disagreements among Labour MPs over ‘what is to be done?’, and recognition that any reform which enhanced the legitimacy of the second chamber would threaten the pre‐eminence of the House of Commons and a Labour government therein.A similar fate is likely to befall the Labour Party's latest proposal for replacing the current House of Lords with an elected second chamber. Meanwhile, the Conservative peer, Lord Norton, is seeking to place the House of Lords Appointments Commission (HOLAC) on a statutory basis and impose stricter criteria on prime ministerial nominations for peerages. Yet, this would still leave any Prime Minister with considerable powers of patronage in appointing members of the second chamber. This article therefore suggests that a Prime Minister should only be permitted to nominate 20 per cent of the membership, with the rest appointed via HOLAC itself, thereby depoliticising the process as far as practicably possible, and imbuing it with greater public trust.
Understanding Veterans' intimate partner violence use and patterns of healthcare utilization
Authors: Relyea Mark R. , Presseau Candice , Runels Tessa , Humbert Michelle M. , Martino Steve , Brandt Cynthia A. , Haskell Sally G. , Portnoy Galina A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo understand the association between Veterans' healthcare utilization and intimate partner violence (IPV) use (i.e., perpetration) in order to (1) identify conditions comorbid with IPV use and (2) inform clinical settings to target for IPV use screening, intervention, and provider training.Data Sources and Study SettingWe examined survey data from a national sample of 834 Operation Enduring Freedom, Operation Iraqi Freedom, and Operation New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) Veterans.Study DesignWe assessed associations between past‐year IPV use and medical treatment, health issues, and use of Veterans Health Administration (VA) and non‐VA services using chi‐square tests and logistic regression.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsData were derived from the Department of Defense OEF/OIF/OND Roster. Surveys were sent to all women Veterans and a random sample of men from participating study sites.Principal FindingsHalf (49%) of the Veterans who reported utilizing VA healthcare in the past year indicated using IPV. Q values using a 5% false discovery rate indicated that Veterans who used IPV were more likely than Veterans who did not use IPV to have received treatment for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD; 39% vs. 27%), chronic sleep problems (36% vs. 26%), anxiety or depression (44% vs. 36%), severe chronic pain (31% vs. 22%), and stomach or digestive disorders (24% vs. 16%). Veterans who used IPV were also more likely than Veterans who did not use IPV to have received medical treatment in the past year (86% vs. 80%), seen psychiatrists outside VA (39% vs. 20%), and have outpatient healthcare outside VA (49% vs. 41%). IPV use was not related to whether Veterans received care from VA or non‐VA providers.ConclusionsVeterans' IPV use was related to greater utilization of services for mental health, chronic pain, and digestive issues. Future research should examine whether these are risk factors or consequences of IPV use.
A novel method for sorting and reassociating commingled human remains using deviation analysis
Authors: Litavec Helen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study provides an innovative and novel method for sorting commingled human remains at the sacroiliac joint using deviation analyses. Virtual models were created at the University of Tennessee‐Knoxville Donated Skeletal Collection from 69 os coxae and 66 sacra using an EinScan‐Pro 2× + Handheld Surface Scanner. The shape of the auricular surfaces was analyzed in Geomagic Wrap 2017, and the congruency of the two auricular surfaces was measured using a deviation analysis. ROC curves were performed on a reference sample composed of 200 commingled and non‐commingled joint pairs to identify threshold values that could help sort the commingled remains. A validation sample of 225 pairs was subsequently analyzed to demonstrate the efficacy of this new method on a sample of unknown individuals. Statistical analyses demonstrated that the deviation analysis values from sacroiliac joints of commingled pairs were significantly larger than those from non‐commingled individuals (p < 0.0001). Based on the selected threshold values, 98%–100% of pairs were correctly sorted and reassociated. This novel and objective technique improves upon previously subjective strategies for sorting commingled remains and, in the future, will be applied to additional joint surfaces.
Management practices and productivity: Does employee representation play a moderating role?
Authors: Jirjahn Uwe , Laible Marie‐Christine , Mohrenweiser Jens 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBloom and Van Reenen (2007) have suggested an index of best management practices capturing three broad areas: monitoring, targets and incentives. However, it is an open question whether the functioning of these practices depends on contextual factors. From a theoretical viewpoint, the management practices involve both productive and dysfunctional effects. We hypothesize that the relative strength of these effects depends on the industrial relations climate. Works councils help management practices live up to their potential by building long‐term employer‐employee cooperation. Our empirical analysis uses panel data from the German Management and Organizational Practices survey to examine this hypothesis. Applying a reformulated version of the Mundlak estimator, we disentangle short‐term and sustaining productivity effects of the management practices. Our results show that the incidence of a works council specifically strengthens the sustaining productivity effect of the practices.
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by oesophagectomy may be the optimal treatment option for lower thoracic oesophageal cancer with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis: An inverse probability of treatment‐weighted analysis of SEER database
Authors: Chang Xiao , Liu Jiayue , Zhao Yuting , Shi Anhui , Yu Huiming , Yu Rong , Wang Weihu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionWhether supraclavicular lymph node (SCLN) metastasis in patients with oesophageal cancer belongs to regional disease is controversial, leading to heterogeneity in clinical treatment decisions. This study aimed to determine the optimal treatment for lower thoracic oesophageal cancer (LTOC) with SCLN metastasis.MethodsPatients with LTOC registered in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database during 2010–2015 were identified. Selected patients were grouped according to disease spread as those with locoregional disease, with SCLN metastasis or with distant metastasis, as well as according to treatment modality (neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery (nCRT+S group), upfront surgery ± adjuvant therapy (upfront S group) and definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT group)). The Cox regression analysis and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to identify the optimal treatment modality for different groups.ResultsOf 11,767 LTOC patients identified from the database, the 5‐year overall survival (OS) rates for patients with the locoregional disease (n = 7,541), SCLN metastasis (n = 120) and distant metastasis (n = 4,106) were 28.3%, 10.0% and 3.0%, respectively (P < 0.001). Among patients with SCLN metastasis, median OS in the nCRT+S, upfront S and dCRT groups were 25, 14 and 8 months, respectively (P < 0.001). After IPTW, the nCRT+S group was still associated with better median OS compared with other groups. The multivariate analysis identified treatment modality as an independent prognostic factor for OS.ConclusionsNeoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by oesophagectomy may be the optimal treatment modality for LTOC with SCLN metastasis. The findings of this study need to be validated in large prospective studies.
Spineless and overlooked: DNA metabarcoding of autonomous reef monitoring structures reveals intra‐ and interspecific genetic diversity in Mediterranean invertebrates
Authors: Thomasdotter Anna , Shum Peter , Mugnai Francesco , Vingiani Marina , Dubut Vincent , Marschal Florent , Abbiati Marco , Chenuil Anne , Costantini Federica 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe ability to gather genetic information using DNA metabarcoding of bulk samples obtained directly from the environment is crucial to determine biodiversity baselines and understand population dynamics in the marine realm. While DNA metabarcoding is effective in evaluating biodiversity at community level, genetic patterns within species are often concealed in metabarcoding studies and overlooked for marine invertebrates. In the present study, we implement recently developed bioinformatics tools to investigate intraspecific genetic variability for invertebrate taxa in the Mediterranean Sea. Using metabarcoding samples from Autonomous Reef Monitoring Structures (ARMS) deployed in three locations, we present haplotypes and diversity estimates for 145 unique species. While overall genetic diversity was low, we identified several species with high diversity records and potential cryptic lineages. Further, we emphasize the spatial scale of genetic variability, which was observed from locations to individual sampling units (ARMS). We carried out a population genetic analysis of several important yet understudied species, which highlights the current knowledge gap concerning intraspecific genetic patterns for the target taxa in the Mediterranean basin. Our approach considerably enhances biodiversity monitoring of charismatic and understudied Mediterranean species, which can be incorporated into ARMS surveys.
Overlapping drug‐induced vasculitis, ANCA‐associated vasculitis, and lupus nephritis caused by low‐dose hydralazine
Authors: Bhatnagar M. , Agaronov A. , Sarkisyan E. , Sotoudeh Deilamy I. , Pepito D. , Akhondi H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe present a case of drug‐induced vasculitis secondary to low‐dose hydralazine with overlapping features of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis and drug‐induced lupus nephritis.Case presentationA 52‐year‐old Hispanic woman with a medical history of resistant hypertension treated with hydralazine 10 mg twice daily for 1 year presented with generalized weakness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and gross hematuria. There was fever, tachycardia, leukocytosis, lactic acidosis, hyperkalemia, renal failure, and anemia. Chest computed tomography and bronchoscopy revealed a left lower lobe infiltrate and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage. Serologic testing was positive for anti‐double‐stranded DNA, anti‐Smith, lupus anticoagulant, anti‐histone, anti‐cardiolipin IgM antibodies, and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (myeloperoxidase and proteinase 3). A kidney biopsy revealed crescentic glomerulonephritis with an overlapping finding of membranous nephropathy. Broad‐spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, and plasmapheresis were initiated. The patient survived but required continuous hemodialysis.ConclusionsAlthough a few cases of simultaneous antibody‐associated vasculitis and drug‐induced lupus nephritis secondary to hydralazine use have been reported, this case is singular. Similar findings were previously reported with doses of 50–100 mg two to three times daily over 1–5 years. In our patient, a dose of only 10 mg twice daily for a year caused a severe disease presentation. This brings to light the combination of different vasculitides that can coexist and the potentially life‐threatening adverse effects of low‐dose hydralazine that should be kept in mind.
Psychological support and patient‐centered care for patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Nurses' opinions and practice in Japan
Authors: Fusama Mie , Motonaga Takuro , Kuroe Yuriko , Nakahara Hideko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate nurses' opinions and practices regarding psychological support and patient‐centered care (PCC) for patients with rheumatoid arthritis.MethodRegistered nurses engaged in rheumatic care in Japan were asked to complete the questionnaire regarding nurses' perceived necessity, understanding, and implementation of psychological support, and six patient supports related to PCC, using a seven‐point Likert scale. Correlation on practice between psychological support and PCC was evaluated.ResultsA total of 53 nurses participated. Nurses indicated high necessity of providing psychological support, whereas implementation was statistically significantly lower than necessity and motivation. Nurses' answers showed significantly lower implementation compared with understanding regarding basic concepts of psychological support: listening, empathy, acceptance, open questions, and closed questions. Most nurses (54.7%) sometimes provided psychological support, followed by often (34.0%), always (5.7%), and not at all (5.6%). Perceived necessity of PCC was rated high. However, its implementation was significantly lower than necessity for all evaluated cares, such as patients' need‐based support and support to patients' families, related to PCC. Positive correlations were observed between the implementation of psychological support and PCC. Nurses stressed the importance of psychological support for patient education and shared decision‐making.ConclusionThis preliminary study indicated that most nurses considered psychological support and PCC necessary, but their implementation was relatively low. As psychological support is also crucial to shared decision‐making, in addition to PCC, barriers to its implementation should be addressed to improve patients' outcomes and quality of life.
Photosynthetic nitrogen utilization of Robinia pseudoacacia, an invasive species, grown in contrasting light conditions: A leaf scale approach
Authors: Kitaoka Satoshi , Qu Laiye , Kanetoshi Masaharu , Watanabe Yoko , Fujita Saki , Koike Takayoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRobinia pseudoacacia (black locust), an alien species in Japan, has been commonly planted to rehabilitate degraded land and as a resource for the production of honey. Although very few R. pseudoacacia adult trees are found in established mature forests, the management of R. pseudoacacia is a vital and urgent matter because of astounding growth potential, which negatively affects biodiversity and native vegetation. For this reason, we evaluated the seasonal shade‐acclimation capacity of black locusts from the viewpoint of photosynthetic nitrogen use (PNU) and their partitioning. We assessed in situ photosynthetic N use traits of R. pseudoacacia leaves at open sites (relative photosynthetic photon flux density: (rPPFD) > 90%) and shaded sites (rPPFD < 22%) on the forest floor in larch (Larix kaempferi Carr.) plantations. Leaf unfolding started in late May and leaves turned yellow by mid‐October just before leaf shedding. Shoot length at open sites was three times longer than at shaded sites. R. psudoacacia at open sites has more the leaflet number of each pinnate compound leaf than shaded sites from mid‐August to October, and the size of leaflets at shaded sites was about 20% smaller than it was at the open sites. Leaf mass per area showed (mean ± standard deviation) 40.00 ± 2.14 g m−2 at the open sites and 22 ± 1.56 g m−2 at the shaded sites from June to October. The light‐saturated photosynthetic rate peaked at 22 μmol m−2 s−1 at the open sites in July. At the shaded sites, it gradually increased to 7–10 μmol m−2 s−1 around August, and then decreased at both sites toward zero in mid‐October. The total N content during the growth period was 1.60 ± 0.17 g m−2 at open sites and 1.16 ± 0.15 g m−2 at shaded sites. Unlike other tree species, N partitioning to photosynthetic organs was not affected by light conditions. These findings suggested R. psudoacacia cannot acclimate to shady conditions.
Telephone follow‐up after early medical abortion using Australia's first low sensitivity urine pregnancy test
Authors: Melville Catriona , Goldstone Philip , Moosa Nisreen 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundFollow‐up after early medical abortion (EMA) in Australia often entails tracking serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels or performing ultrasonography in‐clinic. In other countries, methods of follow‐up such as using a low‐sensitivity urine pregnancy test (LSUPT), telephone evaluation and a questionnaire have been demonstrated to be safe and acceptable.AimsTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of telephone follow‐up after EMA using an LSUPT and questionnaire.Materials and MethodsA prospective observational cohort study of patients undergoing telephone follow‐up after EMA using an LSUPT and questionnaire was conducted from March 26 to July 31, 2020. Outcomes of patients who returned to clinic because of a positive LSUPT were evaluated and adverse event rates were calculated. Routinely collected adverse event information was used to compare complication rates during the evaluation period with that prior to introduction of the LSUPT.ResultsDuring the study period, 2223 patients underwent the new protocol. One hundred and ninety‐seven patients had a positive LSUPT at their telephone follow‐up. One hundred and thirty‐two had an incomplete abortion, 11 had a continuing pregnancy, 53 had a complete abortion and one left the clinic before full assessment.ConclusionsIntroduction of telephone follow‐up with an at‐home LSUPT reduced the number of patients requiring unnecessary clinic appointments, with over 90% of patients completing their follow‐up at home. Complication rates during the study period were found to be at least comparable with previously identified organisational adverse events.