bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imaging Preflare Broadband Pulsations in the Decimetric-metric Wavelengths
Authors: Lv Maoshui , Tan Baolin , Zheng Ruisheng , Wu Zhao , Wang Bing , Kong Xiangliang , Chen Yao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Preflare activities contain critical information about the precursors and causes of solar eruptions. Here we investigate the characteristics and origin of a group of broadband pulsations (BBPs) in the decimetric-metric wavelengths that took place during the preflare stage of the M7.1 flare on 2011 September 24. The event was recorded by multiple solar instruments, including the Nançay Radioheliograh, that measure the properties of the radio source. The BBPs started ∼24 minutes before the flare onset, extending from <360 to above 800 MHz without a discernible spectral drift. The BBPs consisted of two stages. During the first stage, the main source remained stationary, and during the second stage, it moved outward along with a steepening extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) wave driven by the eruption of a high-temperature structure. In both stages, we observe frequent EUV brightenings and jets originating from the flare region. During the second stage, the BBPs became more frequent and stronger in general, and the polarization level gradually increased from <20% to >60% in the right-handed sense. These observations indicate that the steepening EUV wave is important to the BBPs during the second stage, while the preflare reconnections causing the jets and EUV brightenings are important in both stages. This is the first time that such a strong association of an EUV wave with BBPs is reported. We suggest a scenario in which reconnection occurs together with a shock that sweeps across the loops as the cause of the BBPs.
CEERS Spectroscopic Confirmation of NIRCam-selected z ≳ 8 Galaxy Candidates with JWST/NIRSpec: Initial Characterization of Their Properties
Authors: Fujimoto Seiji , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Dickinson Mark , Finkelstein Steven L. , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Larson Rebecca L. , Burgarella Denis , Bagley Micaela B. , Behroozi Peter , Chworowsky Katherine , Hirschmann Michaela , Trump Jonathan R. , Wilkins Stephen M. , Yung L. Y. Aaron , Koekemoer Anton M. , Papovich Casey , Pirzkal Nor , Ferguson Henry C. , Fontana Adriano , Grogin Norman A. , Grazian Andrea , Kewley Lisa J. , Kocevski Dale D. , Lotz Jennifer M. , Pentericci Laura , Ravindranath Swara , Somerville Rachel S. , Wilkins Stephen M. , Amorín Ricardo O. , Backhaus Bren E. , Calabrò Antonello , Casey Caitlin M. , Cooper M. C. , Fernández Vital , Franco Maximilien , Giavalisco Mauro , Hathi Nimish P. , Harish Santosh , Hutchison Taylor A. , Iyer Kartheik G. , Jung Intae , Lucas Ray A. , Zavala Jorge A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present JWST NIRSpec spectroscopy for 11 galaxy candidates with photometric redshifts of z ≃ 9 − 13 and M
UV ∈ [ −21, −18] newly identified in NIRCam images in the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science Survey. We confirm emission line redshifts for 7 galaxies at z = 7.762–8.998 using spectra at ∼1–5 μm either with the NIRSpec prism or its three medium-resolution (R ∼ 1000) gratings. For z ≃ 9 photometric candidates, we achieve a high confirmation rate of ≃90%, which validates the classical dropout selection from NIRCam photometry. No robust emission lines are identified in three galaxy candidates at z > 10, where the strong [O iii] and Hβ lines would be redshifted beyond the wavelength range observed by NIRSpec, and the Lyα continuum break is not detected with the sensitivity of the current data. Compared with Hubble Space Telescope-selected bright galaxies (M
UV ≃ −22) that are similarly spectroscopically confirmed at z ≃ 8 − 9, these NIRCam-selected galaxies are characterized by lower star formation rates (SFRs; SFR ≃ 4 M
⊙ yr−1) and lower stellar masses (≃108
M
⊙), but with higher specific SFR (≃40 Gyr−1), higher [O iii]+Hβ equivalent widths (≃1100 Å), and elevated production efficiency of ionizing photons (

log
(

ξ

ion

/

Hz

erg

−
1

)
≃
25.8

) induced by young stellar populations (<10 Myr) accounting for ≃20% of the galaxy mass, highlighting the key contribution of faint galaxies to cosmic reionization. Taking advantage of the homogeneous selection and sensitivity, we also investigate metallicity and ISM conditions with empirical calibrations using the [O iii]5008/Hβ ratio. We find that galaxies at z ≃ 8 − 9 have higher SFRs and lower metallicities than galaxies at similar stellar masses at z ≃ 2 − 6, which is generally consistent with the current galaxy formation and evolution models.
The Universe is at Most 88% Neutral at z = 10.6
Authors: Bruton Sean , Lin Yu-Heng , Scarlata Claudia , Hayes Matthew J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Recent observations of GN-z11 with JWST have revealed a Lyα emission line with an equivalent width (EW) of 18 ± 2 Å. At z = 10.6, this galaxy is expected to lie in the heart of reionization. We use a series of inhomogeneous reionization simulations to derive the distribution of the Lyα EW after traveling through the neutral intergalactic medium with varying average neutral gas fraction, x
H I. We use these distributions to place an upper limit of x
H I < 0.88 at z = 10.6 at 95% confidence level. We compare our upper limit to different reionization history models, which include the recently identified enhancement at the bright end of the luminosity function at z > 8. We find that models in which faint galaxies have a higher escape fraction compared to bright galaxies are favored by the new data.
Beyond Gaussian Noise: A Generalized Approach to Likelihood Analysis with Non-Gaussian Noise
Authors: Legin Ronan , Adam Alexandre , Hezaveh Yashar , Perreault-Levasseur Laurence 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Likelihood analysis is typically limited to normally distributed noise due to the difficulty of determining the probability density function of complex, high-dimensional, non-Gaussian, and anisotropic noise. This is a major limitation for precision measurements in many domains of science, including astrophysics, for example, for the analysis of the cosmic microwave background, gravitational waves, gravitational lensing, and exoplanets. This work presents Score-based LIkelihood Characterization, a framework that resolves this issue by building a data-driven noise model using a set of noise realizations from observations. We show that the approach produces unbiased and precise likelihoods even in the presence of highly non-Gaussian correlated and spatially varying noise. We use diffusion generative models to estimate the gradient of the probability density of noise with respect to data elements. In combination with the Jacobian of the physical model of the signal, we use Langevin sampling to produce independent samples from the unbiased likelihood. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the method using real data from the Hubble Space Telescope and James Webb Space Telescope.
Clarifying the Optical Thin-lens Equations of Gravitational Self-lensing
Authors: Christodoulou Dimitris M. , Laycock Silas G. T. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We exploit an analogy between gravitational lenses and optical lenses to determine the Gaussian form of the optical thin-lens equation of gravitational self-lensing (this is not the deflection-angle equation which is also called the “ray-tracing equation”). As in magnifying glasses, this Gaussian form determines the location of the virtual image in front of the lens and behind the source. Some confusion exists in the literature because a similar-looking equation of totally different substance is often written down, creating the false impression that this may be the equivalent optical lens equation. Although dimensionally correct and quite useful, this imitating form is misleading, as it masks a compound rate that should instead have always been visible. We clarify all related concepts, so that the readers will save themselves the unpleasant experience of reinterpreting/reclassifying the various self-lensing equations, including the new optical forms derived herein.
Consensus et allants de soi dans les formes d’opérationnalisation de l’éducation à l’esprit d’entreprendre
Authors: Miribel Julien de , Sido Xavier 
Published: June 2023

Cet article questionne des formes d’opérationnalisation de l’éducation à l’esprit d’entreprendre (EEE). Ce faisant, il discute trois dimensions implicites sur lesquelles reposent les principes pédagogiques privilégiés dans les démarches d’EEE : l’activité, le concret et le projet. Le texte examine trois dispositifs déployés dans l’enseignement secondaire et supérieur. Dans un contexte marqué par la volonté des pouvoirs publics de développer l’entrepreneuriat, la recherche présentée vise en extension à contribuer à l’analyse des tensions dans les relations entre éducation-formation et travail.
La pratique réflexive de Camille comme stratégie de développement dans une démarche innovante : l’accompagnement pédagogique professionnel (AcPéP). Étude de cas de l’activité professionnelle d’une enseignante primaire
Authors: Mettraux Richard 
Published: June 2023

L’étude de cas présentée dans le cadre de cet article vise une finalité double. D’une part, elle cherche à comprendre la progression d’une jeune enseignante du canton de Fribourg (Suisse) – Camille – en difficulté dans l’exercice de son métier. D’autre part, elle vise à mettre en lumière la démarche d’accompagnement innovante (AcPéP) qui a permis d’accompagner l’enseignante dans son processus de changement. Dans une perspective d’analyse critique, appréhendant le travail comme une production de soi qui participe en retour à la construction de soi, l’intention de notre article réside dans l’éclairage de ce co-cheminement comme un processus d’élucidation entre l’accompagnateur et la personne accompagnée.
Using Machine Learning to Assess Cardiovascular Risk in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients without Established Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Ghosal Samit , Sinha Binayak 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Cardiovascular (CV) risk assessment is the cornerstone for choosing the most appropriate antihyperglycemic agent. One of the major obstacles in the use of such scores is that the process is time-consuming, which is a deterrent in a busy clinic. The aim of the present analysis was to explore a means of reducing the number of inputs to make the scoring faster and more acceptable to physicians.

Materials and Methods:
We used the MARK survey dataset to assess the utility of the QRISK 3 CV risk score in the Indian population (n = 1538); participants were recruited from five zones (east, west, north, south, and central). Machine learning (ML) techniques were used to analyze the existing MARK data. The XGBoost algorithm was used to create the model needed to identify the clinical parameters of interest. Dimension reduction techniques were employed to identify the clinical parameters of importance based on the accrued gain values. As the final step, a confusion matrix was created to assess the model's accuracy and precision.

Results:
We identified 10 parameters of clinical interest that could predict the 10-year CV risk and were comparable with the QRISK 3 score (with 22 parameters). The parameters identified by ML were age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, blood pressure, treatment with antihypertensive agents, angina, total cholesterol, the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio, and chronic kidney disease. This dimension reduction was possible with a model accuracy of 94.4%.

Conclusion:
There were 10 routinely assessed parameters identified with ML techniques that can assist physicians in determining the CV risk of type 2 diabetes patients within a short period of time.
Strategi Komunikasi Petugas BPJS Dalam Memberikan Informasi Layanan Kesehatan di Puskesmas Kec. Tebing Syahbandar
Authors: Fani Annisa Zulfani , Azhar Anang Anas 
Published: June 2023

Annisa Zulfani1,
1,2Program Ilmu Komunikasi, Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara
annisa0102193147@uinsu.ac.id1,

ABSTRACT.
The community currently does not understand the procedures or requirements for obtaining access to BPJS health services at the puskesmas which is caused by several things, both from the factors of the community's lace mindset and the lack of innovation in socializing these health services. As a result, the BPJS service process that has been designed becomes hampered and not optimal. This study aims to: 1) Know how the Communication Strategy carried out by BPJS Officers in Providing Health Services at Puskemas Tebing Syahbandar, 2) Know what are the obstacles to the Communication strategy carried out by BPJS Officers in Providing Health Services at Puskemas Tebing Syahbandar. The results of this study show that in delivering health service information to the public, BPJS officers have implemented communication strategies including: 1) Determining the Purpose and Object of Receiving Information; 2) Perform persuasive techniques in providing health service information; 3) Build Educational Communication. The obstacles experienced by BPJS officers include: 1) Obstacles in the process of delivering information that occurs because patients are more dominant elderly 2) Social obstacles caused by the existence of people who are difficult to socialize.
Keywords: Communication Strategy, Health Services, BPJS Officers
Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinin Tıbbi Hataya Eğilimlerinin Kendini Sabotaj ile İlişkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: BOZKURT Gülçin , TEPEHAN ERASLAN Selma 
Published: June 2023

Giriş: Zor koşullarda çalışma hemşirelerin uygulamaları sırasında hata yapma olasılığını arttırmaktadır. Kişiler performansları düştüğünde başarısız veya yeteneksizmiş gibi algılanmak istemezler. Bu durumda da kendini sabotaj stratejileri kullanarak başarısızlığını haklı göstermeye çalışabilirler.
Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin tıbbi hataya eğilimlerinin kendini sabotaj ile ilişkisini incelemektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki araştırmanın örneklemini, Türkiye’nin iki ilinde bulunan beş kamu hastanesinde görev yapan 289 hemşire oluşturdu. Veriler “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Hemşirelikte Tıbbi Hataya Eğilim Ölçeği” ve “Kendini Sabotaj Ölçeği” aracılığı ile toplandı. Çalışma Nisan-Temmuz 2018 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü.
Bulgular: Çalışma grubundaki erkek, bekar ve yoğun bakımda 40 saat çalışan hemşirelerin tıbbi hataya eğilim puanlarının istatiksel olarak daha yüksek olduğu saptandı (p=0,01). Hemşirelerin tıbbi hataya eğilim ölçeği toplam puanları ile kendini sabotaj arasında negatif yönde çok zayıf bir ilişki olduğu bulundu (r=-0,22; p=0,001). Hemşirelerin; yaş (r=0,15; p=0,001, meslekte ve yoğun bakımda çalışma süresi (r=0,19; p=0,001) ile tıbbi hataya eğilim arasında pozitif yönde, meslekte çalışma süresi ile kendini sabotaj arasında ise negatif yönde çok zayıf düzeyde (r=-0,12; p=0,05) anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlendi.
Sonuç: Erkek, bekar ve yoğun bakımda 40 saat çalışan hemşirelerin tıbbi hataya eğilimleri daha azdır. Hemşirelerin tıbbi hata yapma eğilimi arttıkça, kendini sabotaj eğilimi artmaktadır. Yaş, meslekte ve yoğun bakımda çalışma süresi artıkça tıbbi hata yapma eğilim düşmektedir.
A Taxonomy of Radiofrequency Jamming and Spoofing Strategies and Criminal Motives
Authors: Westbrook Tegg 
Published: June 2023

This article provides a taxonomy of radiofrequency (RF) jamming and spoofing tactics and strategies associated with specific criminal objectives. This is based on the fact that the motivations and strategies of cyber-attackers – predominantly financial – is well-known, but the motivations behind specific electromagnetic interferences is lacking in the current literature. Previous research has also overlooked the motivations of other actors using jamming and spoofing devices.
The objective is to identify the most desirable spoofing and jamming strategies, likely targets, and likely motivations. The article finds that (a) previous literature on the subject overlooks a number of non-state actor motives, and therefore this research aims to fill this gap in knowledge; (b) out of 8 actors identified, denial of service attacks (7 out of 8), as well as so-called decoy spoofing (6), trojan spoofing (5), and jamming-enabled crime (5) are the most desirable strategies utilized; (c) out of 11 strategies identified, grey and black hat hackers (11 out of 11), terrorists (11) and activists (8), are likely to take advantage of most identified.
Positive orientation and health behaviors in older patients with atherosclerosis
Authors: Suppan Krzysztof K. , Basińska Małgorzata , Błachnio Aleksandra 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundHuman health is determined by a number of physical, social and psychological factors, including the often considered health behaviors. They are an indispensable part of the health recovery process and are also the basis of prevention in the development of such disorders as atherosclerosis. Health behaviors are reinforced by an individual’s resources such as posi-tive orientation, which is composed of optimism, high self-esteem and satisfaction with life. The main objective of the study was to determine whether there is a relationship between positive orientation and health behavior, in a group of peo-ple with atherosclerosis.Participants and procedureSixty-one patients, both male and female, in late adulthood were surveyed (M = 69.41, SD = 5.44). A researcher-designed questionnaire, the Health Behavior Inventory (IZZ) and the Positive Orientation Scale (P-Scale) were used in the measure-ment. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the 2013 Declaration of Helsinki.ResultsThe results showed that patients with a more positive attitude toward life are more likely to use health-promoting behav-iors.ConclusionsThere is a positive relationship between positive orientation and health behaviors. Positive orientation can be enhanced through appropriate psychoeducation and psychological support to prevent ill health and improve treatment of patients with atherosclerosis.
"FREQUENCY AND MANAGEMENT OF ANENCEPHLY AT SHEIKH ZAYED HOSPITAL, RAHIM YAR KHAN"
Authors: TAHIRA MALIK  , SADIA LAHOOR  , SUMERA SIDDIQUE  
Published: June 2023

Anencephaly is the commonest neural tube defect. The world incidence is 1-5/1000.
Objective: To ascertain the frequency and management protocol of Anencephaly at Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Rahim Yar khan.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was carried out over a period of one year from January, 2013 to December, 2013 at Sheikh layed Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. All the patients having fetuses with anencephaly admitted in labour room / obstetric ward of Sheikh layed Hospital were selected as subjects. Those women who delivered normal babies were taken as control subjects. A proper history was taken from each subject and all the relevant information were recorded on a proforma. Results analyzed on SPSSversion 16.
Results: Twenty one patients were enrolled during the study period. The mean age was 30.5 years range (18-40). Twelve patients (57.14%) were multigravida. Nineteen patients (90.47%) were unbooked. The mean gestational age was 28+2weeks. Induction was palnned in 85.71%. Most of the cases 71.43% were delivered through normal vaginal delivery after induction. Additional malformation such as meningocele, cleft lip, spina bifida, cleft palate hepatosplenomegaly, talipes aquina valgus occur in 42.86% cases.
Conclusion: Anencephaly is the most common congenital anomaly reported in Sheikh laved Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Complication can be prevented by implementing screening program for early diagnosis, treatment and managements. Prevalence can be decreased by folic acid supplementation periconceptionally.
Spatial regression of multi-fidelity meteorological observations using a proxy-based measurement error model
Authors: de Baar Jouke H. S. , Garcia-Marti Irene , van der Schrier Gerard 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. High-resolution weather maps are fundamental components of early warning systems, since they enable the (near) real-time tracking of extreme weather events. In this context, crowd-sourced weather networks producing low-fidelity observations are often the only type of data available at local (e.g. neighborhood) scales. In this work, we demonstrate that we can provide such maps by combining high-fidelity official weather data with low-fidelity crowd-sourced weather data and high-resolution covariate information. Because the crowd-sourced data contains significant bias and noise, we develop an approach to include a bias budget and noise budget in the multi-fidelity Bayesian spatial data analysis. The weights of the different components of these bias and noise budgets are tuned to the data set. We apply this approach to 24 hours of weather data in the Netherlands, for a day that had a “code orange” (i.e. “be prepared for extreme weather with high risk of impact”) weather warning for heavy precipitation. From our analysis, we see a significant – qualitative and quantitative – synergy effect when introducing low-fidelity data and high-resolution covariate information.
The biogeophysical effects of idealized land cover and land management changes in Earth system models
Authors: De Hertog Steven J. , Havermann Felix , Vanderkelen Inne , Guo Suqi , Luo Fei , Manola Iris , Coumou Dim , Davin Edouard L. , Duveiller Gregory , Lejeune Quentin , Pongratz Julia , Schleussner Carl-Friedrich , Seneviratne Sonia I. , Thiery Wim 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Land cover and land management change (LCLMC) has been highlighted for its critical role in mitigation scenarios, both in terms of global mitigation and local adaptation. Yet, the climate effect of individual LCLMC options, their dependence on the background climate and the local vs. non-local responses are still poorly understood across different Earth system models (ESMs). Here we simulate the climatic effects of LCLMC using three state-of-the-art ESMs, including the Community Earth System Model (CESM), the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) and the European Consortium Earth System Model (EC-EARTH). We assess the LCLMC effects using the following four idealized experiments: (i) a fully afforested world, (ii) a world fully covered by cropland, (ii) a fully afforested world with extensive wood harvesting and (iv) a full-cropland world with extensive irrigation. In these idealized sensitivity experiments, performed under present-day climate conditions, the effects of the different LCLMC strategies represent an upper bound for the potential of global mitigation and local adaptation. To disentangle the local and non-local effects from the LCLMC, a checkerboard-like LCLMC perturbation, i.e. alternating grid boxes with and without LCLMC, is applied. The local effects of deforestation on surface temperature are largely consistent across the ESMs and the observations, with a cooling in boreal latitudes and a warming in the tropics. However, the energy balance components driving the change in surface temperature show less consistency across the ESMs and the observations. Additionally, some biases exist in specific ESMs, such as a strong albedo response in CESM mid-latitudes and a soil-thawing-driven warming in boreal latitudes in EC-EARTH. The non-local effects on surface temperature are broadly consistent across ESMs for afforestation, though larger model uncertainty exists for cropland expansion. Irrigation clearly induces a cooling effect; however, the ESMs disagree whether these are mainly local or non-local effects. Wood harvesting is found to have no discernible biogeophysical effects on climate. Overall, our results underline the potential of ensemble simulations to inform decision making regarding future climate consequences of land-based mitigation and adaptation strategies.