bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychedelics, entropic brain theory, and the taxonomy of conscious states: a summary of debates and perspectives
Authors: Rankaduwa Sidath , Owen Adrian M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Given their recent success in counseling and psychiatry, the dialogue around psychedelics has mainly focused on their applications for mental health. Insights from psychedelic research, however, are not limited to treating mental health, but also have much to offer our current understanding of consciousness. The investigation of psychedelic states has offered new perspectives on how different aspects of conscious experience are mediated by brain activity; as such, much more has been learned about consciousness in terms of its phenomenology and potential mechanisms. One theory that describes how psychedelics influence brain activity is the “entropic brain theory” (EBT), which attempts to understand conscious states—normal and psychedelic—in terms of “brain entropy.” Given its wide explanatory reach, this theory has several implications for current debates in consciousness research, namely the issue of whether consciousness exists in levels vs. dimensions; whether the psychedelic state is itself a “higher” level of consciousness; and if so, whether psychedelics could be used to treat disorders of consciousness. To understand how psychedelics could possibly treat a minimally conscious or vegetative patient, one must first understand EBT and how this theory intersects with these ongoing debates. Thus, this article offers a formal summary of EBT, distilling its core principles and their implications for a theoretical model of consciousness. In response to their proposed use in treating disorders of consciousness, we emphasize the importance of “set” and “setting” in ascertaining the therapeutic value of psychedelics for vegetative and/or minimally conscious patients.
Lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) studies on decuplet baryons as meson–baryon bound states in the HAL QCD method
Authors: Murakami Kotaro , Akahoshi Yutaro , Aoki Sinya , Doi Takumi , Sasaki(HAL QCDCollaboration) Kenji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study decuplet baryons from meson–baryon interactions in lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD), in particular, Δ and Ω baryons from P-wave I = 3/2 Nπ and I = 0 $\Xi \bar{K}$ interactions, respectively. Interaction potentials are calculated in the HAL QCD method using 3-quark-type source operators at mπ ≈ 410 MeV and mK ≈ 635 MeV, where Δ as well as Ω baryons are stable. We use the conventional stochastic estimate of all-to-all propagators combined with the all-mode averaging to reduce statistical fluctuations. We have found that the $\Xi \bar{K}$ system has a weaker attraction than the Nπ system while the binding energy from the threshold is larger for Ω than Δ. This suggests that an inequality $m_{N}+m_{\pi }-m_{\Delta }\lt m_{\Xi }+m_{\bar{K}}-m_{\Omega }$ comes mainly from a smaller spatial size of a $\Xi \bar{K}$ bound state due to a larger reduced mass, rather than its interaction. Root-mean-square distances of bound states in both systems are small, indicating that Δ and Ω are tightly bound states and thus can be regarded qualitatively as composite states of three quarks. Results of binding energies agree with those obtained from temporal two-point functions within large systematic errors, which arise dominantly from the lattice artifact at short distances.
A roadmap of craniofacial growth modification for children with sleep-disordered breathing: a multidisciplinary proposal
Authors: Yoon Audrey , Gozal David , Kushida Clete , Pelayo Rafael , Liu Stanley , Faldu Jasmine , Hong Christine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Craniofacial modification by orthodontic techniques is increasingly incorporated into the multidisciplinary management of sleep-disordered breathing in children and adolescents. With increasing application of orthodontics to this clinical population it is important for healthcare providers, families, and patients to understand the wide range of available treatments. Orthodontists can guide craniofacial growth depending on age; therefore, it is important to work with other providers for a team-based approach to sleep-disordered breathing. From infancy to adulthood the dentition and craniofacial complex change with growth patterns that can be intercepted and targeted at critical time points. This article proposes a clinical guideline for application of multidisciplinary care with emphasis on dentofacial interventions that target variable growth patterns. We also highlight how these guidelines serve as a roadmap for the key questions that will influence future research directions. Ultimately the appropriate application of these orthodontic techniques will not only provide an important therapeutic option for children and adolescents with symptomatic sleep-disordered breathing but may help also mitigate or prevent its onset.
Triage for resource-limited emergency care: why it matters
Authors: Mitchell Rob 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Triage aims to identify and prioritize patients with time-sensitive health care needs. This process is particularly important when demand for emergency care exceeds the available resources.
A small number of triage instruments have been purpose designed for low- and middle-income countries. Most recently, the World Health Organization, in collaboration with the International Committee of the Red Cross and Médecins Sans Frontières, has released the Interagency Integrated Triage Tool (IITT). Despite endorsement by leading global health agencies, little has been published regarding the IITT’s validity and reliability.
Although triage is widely regarded as a critical tool for organizing emergency care services, many instruments have demonstrated suboptimal sensitivity for the detection of time-critical illness. There is a pressing need therefore to assess the performance of the IITT relative to other systems. Recent efforts to implement and evaluate the tool in the Western Pacific region will provide valuable insights into its validity, reliability and acceptability.
Clinical Practice Patterns and Evidence-Based Medicine in Primary Augmentation Mammoplasty: A 16-Year Review of Continuous Certification Tracer Data from the American Board of Plastic Surgery
Authors: Stein Michael J. , Applebaum Sarah A. , Harrast John J. , Lipa Joan E. , Matarasso Alan , Gosain Arun K. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
As part of the Continuous Certification process, The American Board of Plastic Surgery, Inc. collects case data for specific tracer procedures in aesthetic surgery for purpose of assessing practice improvement by the Diplomates. This case-based data provides valuable information on national trends in clinical practice. The present study analyzes practice patterns in aesthetic primary breast augmentation.

Methods:
Breast augmentation tracer data was reviewed from 2005 to 2021 and grouped into an “early cohort” (EC) from 2005-2014 and a “recent cohort” (RC) from 2015-2021. Fisher’s exact tests and two-sample t-tests compared patient demographics, surgical techniques, and complication rates.

Results:
Patients in the RC were slightly older (34 vs. 35 years, p<0.001), more likely to have ptosis > 22 cm (20% vs. 23%, p<0.0001), less likely to smoke (12% vs 8%, p<0.0001) and less likely to undergo a preoperative mammogram (29% vs 24%, p<0.0001). From a technical standpoint, inframammary incisions have become more common (68% vs. 80%,p<0.0001), whereas peri-areolar incision use has decreased (24% vs. 14%, p<0.0001). Submuscular plane placement has increased (22% vs. 56%, p<0.0001) while subglandular decreased (19% vs. 7%, p<0.0001). Silicone implants are most popular (58% vs. 82%, p<0.0001). Textured implant use increased from 2011 (2%) to 2016 (16%), followed by a sharp decline to 0% by 2021. Trends follow FDA approvals and warnings.

Conclusions:
The present study highlights evolving trends in aesthetic breast augmentation over the last 16 years. Today, the most common technique remains a smooth, silicone prosthesis placed in the subpectoral plane through an inframammary incision.
Local Delivery of Adipose Stem Cell Promotes Allograft Survival in A Rat Hind Limb Model of Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation
Authors: Zhang Wensheng , Lee Phoebe L , Li Jingjing , Komatsu Chiaki , Wang Yong , Sun Hengyun , DeSanto Marisa , Washington Kia , Gorantla Vijay , Kokai Lauren , Solari Mario G 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) are a promising cell-based immunotherapy due to their minimally invasive harvest, high yield, and immunomodulatory capacity. In this study, we investigated the effects of local vs. systemic ASC delivery on VCA survival and alloimmune regulation.

Methods:
Lewis rats received hindlimb transplants from Brown Norway rats and were administered donor-derived ASCs (passage 3-4, 1x10 6 cells/rat) locally in the allograft, or contralateral limb, or systemically at postoperative day (POD) 1. Recipients were treated intraperitoneal with rabbit anti-rat lymphocyte serum on POD -4 and 1, and daily tacrolimus for 21 days. Limb allografts were monitored for clinical signs of rejection. Donor cell chimerism, immune cell differentiation, and cytokine expression in recipient lymphoid organs were measured by flow cytometric analysis. The immunomodulation function of ASCs was tested by mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay and ASC stimulation studies.

Results:
Local-ASC treated recipients achieved significant prolonged allograft survival (85.7% survived >130 days, n=6) compared to systemic- and contralateral-ASC groups. Secondary donor skin allografts transplanted to the local-ASC long-term surviving recipients accepted permanently without additional immunosuppression. The increases in donor cell chimerism and regulatory T-cells were evident in blood and draining lymph nodes of the local-ASC group. Moreover, MLR showed that ASCs inhibited donor-specific T cell proliferation independently of direct ASC-T-cell contact. ASCs upregulated anti-inflammatory molecules in response to cytokines stimulation in vitro.

Conclusions:
Local delivery of ASCs promoted long-term survival and modulated alloimmune responses in a full MHC-mismatched VCA model and was more effective than systemic administration.
Identification and genetic characterization of MERS-related coronavirus isolated from Nathusius’ pipistrelle (Pipistrellus nathusii) near Zvenigorod (Moscow region, Russia)
Authors: Speranskaya A.S. , Artyushin I.V. , Samoilov A.E. , Korneenko E.V. , Khabudaev K. , Ilina E.N. , Yusefovich A.P. , Safonova M.V. , Dolgova A.S. , Gladkikh A.S. , Dedkov V.G. , Peter Daszak 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe majority of emerging infectious diseases are caused by pathogens with zoonotic origin, and most of these emerged from wildlife reservoirs. Bats are diverse, and widely distributed globally, and are the known or hypothesized reservoir of a series of emerging zoonotic viruses. Analyses of bat viromes have been used to identify novel viruses with potential to cause human infection. We characterized the fecal virome of 26 samples collected from six bat species captured during 2015 in Moscow Region. Of these 13/26 (50%) samples were found to be coronavirus positive. We sequenced and assembled the complete genome of a novel MERS-related Betacoronavirus fromPipistrellus nathusii, named MOW-BatCoV strain 15-22. OfP. nathusii3/6 samples were found to carriers of MOW-BatCoVs. The genome organization of MOW-BatCoV/15-22 was identical to other known MERS-related coronaviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of whole genomes suggests that MOW-BatCoV/15-22 falls into a distinct subclade closely related to human and camel MERS-CoV, and MERS-related CoVs from the bat speciesHypsugo saviiandPipistrellus kuhlii(from Italy) andNeoromicia capensis(from South Africa). Unexpectedly, phylogenetic analysis of the novel MOW-BatCoV 15-22 spike genes showed the closest similarity to a bat CoV Neoromicia/5038 and CoVs fromErinaceus europaeus(the European hedgehog), thus MOW-BatCoV could arise as result of recombination between ancestral viruses of bats and hedgehogs. Computer molecular docking analysis of MOW-BatCoV 15-22 Spike glycoprotein binding to DPP4 receptors of different mammal species predicted highest binding interaction with DPP4 of the batM. brandtii(docking score -320.15) and the European hedgehog,E. europaeus(docking score -294.51). Hedgehogs are widely kept as pets, and are commonly found in areas of human habitation. Our finding of a novel bat-CoV likely able to infect hedgehogs suggests the potential for hedgehogs to act as intermediate hosts for bat-CoVs between bats and humans.
A Novel Bacterial Speciation Process Observed in a Symbiotic Marine
Population
Authors: Wang Xiaojun , Uematsu Keigo , O’Rourke Aubrie , Akita Tetsuya , Kimura Kei , Tomaru Yuji , Voolstra Christian R , Luo Haiwei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Bacteria undergo asexual reproduction, but genetic exchange is common.
Current models posit that speciation of sexual bacteria is a gradual and long
process, and genetic exchanges decrease but never cease between nascent species.
Here, we show that in a panmictic bacterial lineage found in symbiosis with
invertebrate hosts across multi-marine ecosystems, a series of speciation events
occurred unusually fast with between-species genetic exchange approximating a
complete halt. The speciation process is too rapid to sort out ancestral
polymorphisms, giving rise to between-species phylogenetic incongruence at a
genome-wide scale. This novel bacterial speciation process leads to incomplete
lineage sorting, which to date has only been observed in eukaryotes but is
100-1000 times faster. Our finding allows for a more unified understanding of
the speciation process across prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Vitamin D supplementation on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality:a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Fu Dou , Yang Wei , Li Yuanfa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of oral vitamin D supplementation on colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.MethodsAll randomized controlled trials regarding effect of oral vitamin D on colorectal cancer from PubMed, Web of science, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched. Meta analysis and trial sequential analysis of included studies were carried out.ResultsSeven RCTs enrolling 72810 participants were included. Compared with placebo, oral vitamin D supplementation was not associated with the incidence of colorectal cancer(RR=1.1,95%CI:0.93-1.31;p=0.28).Subgroup analysis showed no difference in female participants for incidence of colorectal cancer(RR=1.04,95% CI:0.84-1.28;p=0.73). The pooled RR, included 41643 participants, showed no difference in mortality of colorectal cancer(RR= 0.82, 95% CI:0.56 to 1.21; p = 0.32). Trial sequential analysis showed the z-line did not cross the conventional test boundary, TSA monitoring boundary and futility boundaries.ConclusionOral vitamin D supplementation offers no benefit on the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. However, the RCTs with longer follow-up are needed to ascertain the efficacy of Vitamin D, especially among adults with lower serum 25(OH)D levels in future.
RAS-induced transformation of mammary epithelial cells relies on ZEB1-dependent cellular reprogramming via a paracrine process
Authors: Blander Hadrien De , Tonon Laurie , Fauvet Frédérique , Pommier Roxane M. , Lamblot Christelle , Benhassoun Rahma , Angileri Francesca , Gibert Benjamin , Ouzounova Maria , Morel Anne-Pierre , Puisieux Alain 
Published: April 2023

SummaryWhile uncommon in breast cancers, oncogenic activation of the RAS/MAPK signalling pathway is frequent in claudin-low (CL) tumours, a subtype of breast malignancies enriched in features of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), suggesting an interplay between RAS activation and EMT. Using inducible models of human mammary epithelial cells, we show that RAS-mediated transformation relies on cellular reprogramming governed by the EMT-inducing transcription factor ZEB1. The path to ZEB1 induction involves a paracrine process: cells entering a senescent state following RAS activation release proinflammatory cytokines, notably IL-6 and IL-1α which promote ZEB1 expression and activity in neighbouring cells, thereby fostering their malignant transformation. Collectively, our findings unveil a previously unprecedented role for senescence in bridging RAS activation and EMT over the course of malignant transformation of human mammary epithelial cells.
Genomics-Driven Discovery of Myxopyromides, a Class of Polyketidic Amides Associated with Predation ofMyxococcussp. SDU36
Authors: Niu Luo , Hu Wei-Feng , Zhang Wen-Juan , Lin Zhao-Min , Wang Jing-Jing , Zhu Le-Le , Hu Jia-Qi , Wang Chao-Yi , Li Rui-Juan , Li Yue-Zhong , Wu Changsheng 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTMyxobacteria are renowned for their genuine prowess to deliver multifarious bioactive natural products. Genome mining ofMyxococcussp. SDU36 identified a hybrid PKS-NRPS BGC (mpd) that presumably specified previously uncharacterized molecules. The expression ofmpdwas activated by exchanging the innate promoter of core PKS-NRPS genes with our recently characterized strong constitutive promoter BBa_J23104. Comparative metabolic profiling allowed facile isolation of the elicited compounds1–5designated myxopyromides A–E, a group of structurally related polyketidic amides. Especially, myxopyromides D was appended with an uncommon pyrrolinone warhead at the carboxylic terminus, whereas myxopyromide C was instead decorated with a rare structural unit of aminobutanone. Although myxopyromides basically follow a textbook modular PKS-NRPS biosynthetic trajectory, an anteriorly unappreciated flexible chain release strategy is adopted to enrich the chemical repertoire ofmpdBGC. Interestingly, myxopyromides were associated with the predation ofMyxococcussp. SDU36.Abstract Figure
Pro-inflammatory macrophages impair skeletal muscle regeneration in ischemic-damaged limbs by inducing precocious differentiation of satellite cells
Authors: Southerland Kevin W. , Xu Yueyuan , Peters Derek T. , Wei Xiaolin , Lin Xin , Xiang Yu , Fei Kaileen , Olivere Lindsey A. , Morowitz Jeremy M. , Otto James , Dai Qunsheng , Kontos Christopher D. , Diao Yarui 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTChronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), representing the end-stage of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), is associated with a one-year limb amputation rate of ∼15-20% and significant mortality. A key characteristic of CLTI is the failure of the innate regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, single-cell transcriptome analysis of ischemic and non-ischemic muscle from the same CLTI patients demonstrated that ischemic-damaged tissue is enriched with pro-inflammatory macrophages. Comparable results were also observed in a murine CLTI model. Importantly, integrated analyses of both human and murine data revealed premature differentiation of muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) in damaged tissue and indications of defects in intercellular signaling communication between MuSCs and their inflammatory niche. Collectively, our research provides the first single-cell transcriptome atlases of skeletal muscle from CLTI patients and murine models, emphasizing the crucial role of macrophages and inflammation in regulating muscle regeneration in CLTI through interactions with MuSCs.
Data-driven structural analysis of Small Cell Lung Cancer transcription factor network suggests potential subtype regulators and transition pathways
Authors: Ozen Mustafa , Lopez Carlos F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSmall Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive disease and challenging to treat due to its mixture of transcriptional subtypes and subtype transitions. Transcription factor (TF) networks have been the focus of studies to identify SCLC subtype regulators via systems approaches. Yet, their structures, which can provide clues on subtype drivers and transitions, are barely investigated. Here, we analyze the structure of an SCLC TF network by using graph theory concepts and identify its structurally important components responsible for complex signal processing, called hubs. We show that the hubs of the network are regulators of different SCLC subtypes by analyzing first the unbiased network structure and then integrating RNA-seq data as weights assigned to each interaction. Data-driven analysis emphasizes MYC as a hub, consistent with recent reports. Furthermore, we hypothesize that the pathways connecting functionally distinct hubs may control subtype transitions and test this hypothesis via network simulations on a candidate pathway and observe subtype transition. Overall, structural analyses of complex networks can identify their functionally important components and pathways driving the network dynamics. Such analyses can be an initial step for generating hypotheses and can guide the discovery of target pathways whose perturbation may change the network dynamics phenotypically.
A Mathematical Model of Glomerular Fibrosis in Diabetic Kidney Disease to Predict Therapeutic Efficacy
Authors: Thomas Haryana Y. , Ford Versypt Ashlee N. 
Published: April 2023

1ABSTRACTBackgroundGlomerular fibrosis is a tissue damage that occurs within the kidneys of chronic and diabetic kidney disease patients. Effective treatments are lacking, and the mechanism of glomerular damage reversal is poorly understood.MethodA mathematical model suitable for hypothesis-driven systems pharmacology of glomerular fibrosis in diabetes was developed from a previous model of interstitial fibrosis. The adapted model consists of a system of ordinary differential equations that models the complex disease etiology and progression of glomerular fibrosis in diabetes.ResultsWithin the scope of the mechanism incorporated, advanced glycation end products (AGE)—matrix proteins that are modified due to high blood glucose—were identified as major contributors to the delay in the recovery from glomerular fibrosis after glucose control. The model predicted that inhibition of AGE production is not an effective approach for accelerating the recovery from glomerular fibrosis. Further, the model predicted that treatments breaking down accumulated AGE is the most productive at reversing glomerular fibrosis. The use of the model led to the identification that glucose control and aminoguanidine are ineffective treatments for reversing advanced glomerular fibrosis because they do not remove accumulated AGE. Additionally, using the model, a potential explanation was generated for the lack of efficacy of alagebrium in treating advanced glomerular fibrosis, which is due to the inability of alagebrium to reduce TGF-β.ImpactUsing the mathematical model, a mechanistic understanding of disease etiology and complexity of glomerular fibrosis in diabetes was illuminated, and then hypothesis-driven explanations for the lack of efficacy of different pharmacological agents for treating glomerular fibrosis were provided. This understanding can enable the development of more efficacious therapeutics for treating kidney damage in diabetes.