bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge management initiatives for achieving sustainable development goal 4.7: higher education institutions’ stakeholder perspectives
Authors: Adhikari Dev Raj , Shrestha Prakash 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore knowledge management (KM) initiatives for achieving sustainable development goal (SDG) 4.7 and to investigate enablers and barriers to insert KM to prepare higher education institutions (HEIs) ready to contribute to SDGs’ performance. At the end, this paper provides a practical perspective of KM initiatives for higher education for sustainable development (HESD).Design/methodology/approachThis is an exploratory study. It applies a descriptive-interpretative-qualitative approach. The analysis is based on the opinions collected from 170 HEIs’ stakeholders. Discussions among participants have been organized through zoom meetings, telephone interviews and focus group discussions in three phases. In the first phase, a total of 113 informants took part in the discussion on various dates. In the second phase, 10 interviews were conducted with university officials using three open-ended questions; and in the third phase, three focus group discussions were organized to interact about the effectiveness of the Masters in Business Administration in Global Leadership and Management programme and curriculum with teachers, students and the programme initiators.FindingsFrom the analysis of stakeholders’ views, it appears that Nepalese HEIs have yet to move forward with integrating KM activities into their aims, structure and functions to address the government’s policy guidelines applicable to maximizing SDG’ performance. A KM cultural framework that values intellectual capital is urgently needed to fill the knowledge-doing gap for the benefit of society. HEIs appear to require multidisciplinary teaching, learning and research methods to play a civic role in society. They have to improve their rules and regulation, develop a boundary-spanning structure from a conventional structure and apply KM initiatives to support achieving SDGs’ performance. Understanding and inculcating these initiatives in the academic programmes could provide a value-adding higher education in the country.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is entirely based on the perspectives of stakeholders in higher education. So, understanding their points of view and perspectives may have resulted in vague explanations. Furthermore, because the setting of Nepal’s HEIs differs from that of developed countries, the results should only be interpreted in Nepalese contexts.Practical implicationsThis paper acknowledges the gaps and complexities in Nepalese HEIs from the standpoints of HEIs’ leaders, teachers and students for the application of KM initiatives to reform HEIs, with HESD in consideration, and enhance SDGs’ performance.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, the paper is the first of its kind in the context of Nepal, exploring KM initiatives for SDGs. It provides a new perspective on KM and comprehends KM initiatives in the case of Nepalese HEIs transformation into HESD for achieving SDG 4.7.
MPC-based time synchronization method for V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle) communication
Authors: Chen Yong , Zhan Zhixian , Zhang Wei 
Published: March 2023

PurposeAs the strategy of 5G new infrastructure is deployed and advanced, 5G-R becomes the primary technical system for future mobile communication of China’s railway. V2V communication is also an important application scenario of 5G communication systems on high-speed railways, so time synchronization between vehicles is critical for train control systems to be real-time and safe. How to improve the time synchronization performance in V2V communication is crucial to ensure the operational safety and efficiency of high-speed railways.Design/methodology/approachThis paper proposed a time synchronization method based on model predictive control (MPC) for V2V communication. Firstly, a synchronous clock for V2V communication was modeled based on the fifth generation mobile communication-railway (5G-R) system. Secondly, an observation equation was introduced according to the phase and frequency offsets between synchronous clocks of two adjacent vehicles to construct an MPC-based space model of clock states of the adjacent vehicles. Finally, the optimal clock offset was solved through multistep prediction, rolling optimization and other control methods, and time synchronization in different V2V communication scenarios based on the 5G-R system was realized through negative feedback correction.FindingsThe results of simulation tests conducted with and without a repeater, respectively, show that the proposed method can realize time synchronization of V2V communication in both scenarios. Compared with other methods, the proposed method has faster convergence speed and higher synchronization precision regardless of whether there is a repeater or not.Originality/valueThis paper proposed an MPC-based time synchronization method for V2V communication under 5G-R. Through the construction of MPC controllers for clocks of adjacent vehicles, time synchronization was realized for V2V communication under 5G-R by using control means such as multistep prediction, rolling optimization, and feedback correction. In view of the problems of low synchronization precision and slow convergence speed caused by packet loss with existing synchronization methods, the observer equation was introduced to estimate the clock state of the adjacent vehicles in case of packet loss, which reduces the impact of clock error caused by packet loss in the synchronization process and improves the synchronization precision of V2V communication. The research results provide some theoretical references for V2V synchronous wireless communication under 5G-R technology.
Experimental designs for testing the interactive effects of temperature and light in ecology: The problem of periodicity
Authors: Buonaiuto Daniel M. , Donahue Megan J. , Wolkovich E. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTemperature and light cues interact to control many biological processes. Experiments give researchers the ability to manipulate these environmental cues independently and can be designed to robustly quantify their individual and interactive effects on any particular biological activity. Such experiments have produced important insights into the environmental controls on numerous biological processes in both plant and animal taxa across terrestrial and aquatic environments. Testing the interactive effects of multiple environmental cues, however, requires experimental treatments to be fully independent; any unmeasured experimental covariation among treatments can result in incorrect conclusions.Using a database of controlled environment experiments on the spring phenology of woody plants as a case study, we highlight how a common experimental set‐up, designed to parse the interactive effects of temperature and photoperiod on time to budburst, introduces a latent experimental covariation of these treatments by coupling photo‐ and thermoperiodicity. Using data simulations, algebraic corrections and a comparative analysis of published experiments, we demonstrate how this unmeasured experimental covariation biases statistical inference regarding the relative contribution of light and temperature cues to phenological variation.We identify this experimental covariation in more than 40% of published phenology studies that manipulate photoperiod. Our analyses demonstrate that the coupling of thermo‐ and photoperiodicity results in the overestimation of the effect of photoperiod, the underestimation of forcing effects, and misleading conclusions about their interactions on phenology. This may, in part, explain why the significance of photoperiod cues for spring phenology is currently debated in the literature.Accurate forecasting of how varying environmental conditions will impact the dynamics of biological events requires accurately quantifying cue responses. To this end, we present several options for statistical corrections and alternative experimental designs that can provide more robust estimates of the relative effects of temperature and photoperiod on phenology and many other biological processes controlled by temperature and light.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
Topologically associating domains in the POLLED region are the same for Angus‐ and Brahman‐specific Hi‐C reads from F1 hybrid fetal tissue
Authors: Aldersey J. E. , Liu N. , Tearle R. , Low W. Y. , Breen J. , Williams J. L. , Bottema C. D. K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHorns, a form of headgear carried by Bovidae, have ethical and economic implications for ruminant production species such as cattle and goats. Hornless (polled) individuals are preferred. In cattle, four genetic variants (Celtic, Friesian, Mongolian and Guarani) are associated with the polled phenotype, which are clustered in a 300‐kb region on chromosome 1. As the variants are intergenic, the functional effect is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if the POLLED variants affect chromatin structure or disrupt enhancers using publicly available data. Topologically associating domains (TADs) were analyzed using Angus‐ and Brahman‐specific Hi‐C reads from lung tissue of an Angus (Celtic allele) cross Brahman (horned) fetus. Predicted bovine enhancers and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing peaks for histone modifications associated with enhancers (H3K27ac and H3K4me1) were mapped to the POLLED region. TADs analyzed from Angus‐ and Brahman‐specific Hi‐C reads were the same, therefore, the Celtic variant does not appear to affect this level of chromatin structure. The Celtic variant is located in a different TAD from the Friesian, Mongolian, and Guarani variants. Predicted enhancers and histone modifications overlapped with the Guarani and Friesian variants but not the Celtic or Mongolian variants. This study provides insight into the mechanisms of the POLLED variants for disrupting horn development. These results should be validated using data produced from the horn bud region of horned and polled bovine fetuses.
Prediction of methane emissions from fattening cattle using the methane‐to‐carbon dioxide ratio
Authors: Oikawa Kohei , Suzuki Tomoyuki , Kamiya Yuko , Higuchi Mikito , Yamada Tomoya , Kamiya Mitsuru , Terada Fuminori 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to develop a prediction equation for methane (CH4) emissions from fattening cattle based on the CH4/carbon dioxide (CO2) ratio and validate the predictive ability of the developed equation. The prediction equation was developed using the CH4/CO2 ratio combined with oxygen consumption and respiratory quotient estimations that were theoretically calculated from the relation between gas emissions and energy metabolism. To validate the prediction equation, gas measurements in the headboxes were conducted using eight Japanese Black steers. The predictive ability of the developed equation was compared with that of two previously reported equations. As a result, the developed and reported equations had significant (P < 0.01) linear relationships between the observed and predicted CH4 emissions. Notably, only the developed equation had a significant (P < 0.01) linear relationship between the observed and predicted CH4 emissions when expressed per unit of dry matter intake. The results suggest that the developed prediction equation has a higher predictive ability than previously reported equations, particularly in evaluating the efficiency of CH4 emissions. Although further validation is required, the equation developed in this study can be a valuable tool for on‐farm estimations of individual CH4 emissions from fattening cattle.
Use of a commercial indoor positioning system for monitoring resting time and moving distance in group‐housed dairy calves
Authors: Ueda Koichiro , Ishii Takakyuki , Nakai Yukako , Odaka Kunio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo assess the usefulness of a commercially available indoor positioning system for monitoring the resting time and moving distance in group‐housed dairy calves as indicators of their health status, five dairy calves were housed in a free barn, and their coordinate was recorded. The mean displacement (cm/s) within a minute showed a double‐mixture distribution. Actual observations revealed that the minutes in the first distribution with shorter displacement were mostly the time that the calves spent lying. To predict the daily lying time and moving distance, a mixed distribution was divided at a threshold value. The mean sensitivity (the proportion of total minutes predicted correctly as lying, in total minutes observed lying) was more than 92%. The daily fluctuation in lying time correlated well with the actual lying time (r = 0.758, p < 0.01). The range of fluctuations was 740–1308 min/day and 724–1269 m/day for daily lying time and moving distance, respectively. The rectal temperature was correlated with daily lying time (r = 0.441, p < 0.001) and distance moved (r = 0.483, p < 0.001). The indoor positioning system can be a useful tool for early illness detection in calves before the onset of symptoms in group‐housing systems.
Improving English language skills through learning Mathematic contents: From the expertise reversal effect perspective
Authors: Jiang Dayu , Chen Ouhao , Han Yiyi , Kalyuga Slava 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious research in the field of content and language integrated learning (CLIL) has not yet comprehensively investigated the interaction between learners' expertise and the instructional effectiveness.AimsTaking cognitive load theory as the theoretical framework, a study was conducted to investigate the expertise reversal effect on learning English and mathematics simultaneously: whether an integrated approach (i.e. learning both English and mathematics simultaneously) could facilitate the acquisition of mathematic skills and English linguistic skills as a foreign language more effectively and efficiently than a separated learning approach (i.e. learning Mathematics and English separately).MaterialsThe materials for the integrated learning approach were in English‐only, and the materials for the separated learning approach were in English‐and‐Chinese. Both sets of materials were given as reading content for teaching mathematic skills and English as a foreign language.MethodsThe study adopted a 2 (language expertise: low vs. high) × 2 (instruction: integrated vs. separated) between‐subject factorial design with instructional approaches and learners' expertise in English as independent variables, the learning performance in Mathematics and English with the cognitive load ratings as the dependent variables. Sixty‐five Year‐10 students with lower expertise in English and 56 Year‐2 college students with higher expertise in English in China were recruited and allocated to two instructional conditions respectively.ResultsAn expertise reversal effect was confirmed: the English and mathematics integrated learning approach was more effective for higher expertise learners while the English and mathematics separated learning condition was more beneficial for lower expertise learners.
Effect of renal insufficiency on the short‐ and long‐term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer: Propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Kim Tae‐Se , Min Byung‐Hoon , Baek Sun‐Young , Kim Kyunga , Min Yang Won , Lee Hyuk , Rhee Poong‐Lyul , Kim Jae J. , Lee Jun Haeng 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesIt is unclear whether renal insufficiency (RI) itself is a risk factor for adverse outcomes after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of gastric ESD in patients with and without RI using propensity score‐matching analysis.MethodsIn all, 4775 patients with 4775 early gastric cancer lesions undergoing ESD were analyzed. 1:1 propensity score‐matching was performed between patients with and without RI using 12 variables. After matching, logistic regression and survival analyses were performed for short‐ and long‐term outcomes of ESD, respectively.ResultsThe matching yielded 188 pairs of patients with and without RI. In both univariable and multivariable analyses, the presence of RI was not significantly associated with postprocedural bleeding (unadjusted odds ratio 1.81, 95% confidence interval 0.74–4.42; adjusted odds ratio 1.86, 95% confidence interval 0.74–4.65, respectively). When RI patients were subclassified into patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m2 and eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2, no significant differences in bleeding rates were found compared to their matched controls in both groups. Perforation, en bloc resection, en bloc and R0 resection, and curative resection rates of RI patients were 2.1%, 98.4%, 91.0%, and 78.2%, respectively, which were comparable to those of non‐RI patients. During a median follow‐up of 119 months, there was no difference in gastric cancer‐specific survival between patients with and without RI (P = 0.143).ConclusionThe outcomes of ESD were comparable in patients with and without RI. Decreased renal function itself may not be a reason to keep patients with RI from receiving gastric ESD.
Verbal rewards and public managers’ autonomous motivation
Authors: Siverbo Sven 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to examine how verbal rewards (praise) from superior public managers influence subordinate public managers’ work motivation coming from experiencing work tasks as important, exciting, interesting, and fun, so‐called autonomous motivation. We use self‐determination theory (SDT) to theorize that depending on how they are provided, verbal rewards can enhance or undermine autonomous motivation. This is because different verbal reward practices have different effects on subordinate public managers’ basic psychological needs, which in turn influences their autonomous motivation. Based on a cross‐sectional survey completed by 331 public managers in four Swedish local government organizations, we find that verbal rewards that are performance‐contingent and provided frequently undermine public managers’ autonomous motivation. Verbal rewards enhance autonomous motivation when they are based on skills and results. Our study contributes to the public management literature discussing the applicability of rewards in public sector organizations where autonomous motivation is crucial for performance. It contributes to practice by suggesting that superior managers who provide skills/result‐based verbal rewards are more likely to enhance than undermine the autonomous motivation of subordinates. In support of SDT, the overall conclusion is that the impact of verbal rewards on public managers’ autonomous motivation is contingent on how verbal rewards are provided by superiors. However, our results should be interpreted with some caution due to the circumstance that cross‐sectional survey research can only ensure associations between constructs and not causality.
Viral co‐infection with human respiratory syncytial virus in suspected acute and severe respiratory tract infections during COVID‐19 pandemic in Yaoundé, Cameroon, 2020–2021
Authors: Moumbeket Yifomnjou Moïse Henri , Monamele Gwladys Chavely , Njankouo‐Ripa Mohamadou , Fatawou Modiyinji Abdou , Ngoupo Paul Alain , Boyomo Onana , Njouom Richard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRIs) are one one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among people of all ages worldwide, particularly in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). The purpose of this study was to determine epidemiological characteristics of respiratory viruses in acute respiratory infection (ARI) patients during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Yaoundé, Cameroon.MethodsPatients were monitored for respiratory symptoms as part of the surveillance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and other respiratory viral infections. Patients of all ages with respiratory symptoms less than 5 days were considered. Sociodemographic and clinical data as well as nasopharyngeal samples was collected from patients. Nasopharyngeal samples were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) using real‐time reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction methods. Virus distribution and demographic data were analyzed with R version 2.15.1.ResultsFrom July 2020 to October 2021, 1120 patients were included. The overall viral detection rate was 32.5%, including 9.5% for RSV, 12.6% for influenza virus and 12.8% for SARS‐CoV‐2. Co‐infections were detected in 6.9% of positive cases. While RSV and influenza virus showed seasonal trends, SARS‐CoV‐2 was detected throughout the study period.ConclusionWe found that during COVID‐19 pandemic, respiratory viruses play an important role in etiology of influenza‐like illness in Cameroon, and this observation was true for patients of all ages.
The lactation skill gaps of multidisciplinary paediatric healthcare professionals in the United Kingdom
Authors: Hookway Lyndsey , Brown Amy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreastfeeding is an important public health priority and may be particularly beneficial for medically complex infants and children. However, childhood illness and disability are associated with increased challenges and lower breastfeeding rates. The Baby Friendly Initiative has been shown to increase initiation of breastfeeding and improve health professional skills although as yet the standards have not been adopted in paediatrics. Previous studies have found breastfeeding knowledge gaps among paediatric nurses, and a recent systematic review highlighted insufficient lactation support, discouragement by healthcare professionals and lack of resources. The aim of this survey of UK paediatric professionals was to establish their self‐defined confidence and skills supporting breastfeeding.MethodsAn online survey was developed to explore associations between level of training and staff confidence and perceived skill, to establish whether there is evidence that more training and/or higher breastfeeding training credentials improve skill. In total, 409 professionals, including paediatric doctors at all grades, paediatric nurses and allied health professionals, were included in the analysis.ResultsThis study identified specific skill gaps among professionals. Many healthcare professionals felt that different skills and specific training are required to support medically complex children. Several professionals noted that existing breastfeeding training focuses on establishing breastfeeding in healthy newborns rather than sick children in paediatrics. Participants were asked about 13 clinical competencies, and an aggregate skill score was calculated. Multiple univariate analysis of variance found that more extensive training and higher credentials are correlated with higher skill scores (p ≤ 0.001), whereas type of professional was not.ConclusionsDespite this being a relatively motivated sample of healthcare professionals, the findings of this study suggest that breastfeeding skills are patchy and inconsistent, and particularly lacking when it comes to more complex clinical scenarios. This is significant, because it may mean that children who have more significant illness or medical complexity are disproportionately affected by gaps in knowledge and skill. Medically complex children encounter many barriers to optimal feeding − including absence of designated paediatric lactation staff, resources and support − and may have challenges such as low tone, higher calorie need and transitioning to the breast after ventilation or enteral feeding. Current skill gaps indicate that existing training would be insufficient, and bespoke paediatric breastfeeding training based on identified clinical challenges is thus justified.