bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preserving health, protecting economies: Mitigating the impact of forest fires on healthcare expenditure and environmental sustainability
Authors: Soontha Laxita , Bhat Mohammad Younus 
Published: September 2023

AbstractForest fires release harmful pollutants, endangering public health and incurring substantial healthcare costs. This study empirically investigates the environment‐health‐economy relationship, utilizing a robust MM‐QR approach. Findings divulge that economic growth, urbanization, and tourism drive healthcare expenditure, while environmental factors like forest fires, resource depletion, species extinction, and environmental policy stringency also increase health spending. Conversely, renewable energy consumption lowers healthcare costs, while coal extraction raises them. Empirical estimates reveal that increase in forest fires raises health spending by , socioeconomic indicators by , and environmental factors by . Conversely, a rise in renewable energy usage cuts healthcare expenses by . This study underscores the urgency of addressing environmental degradation, especially forest fires, to mitigate their impacts on human well‐being.
Does age affect the relation between risk and time preferences? Evidence from a representative sample
Authors: Wang Zexuan , Rafaï Ismaël , Willinger Marc 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe examine the links between age, risk tolerance, and impatience in a large French representative sample. We combine elicited preferences data based on an incentivized web experiment and stated preferences data based on self‐reported surveys. Our findings highlight distinct patterns: when considering stated preferences, both risk tolerance and impatience exhibit a decline with age. Higher risk tolerance is associated with higher impatience, and this relationship strengthens with age in the financial domain. In contrast, our analysis of elicited measures uncovers a different dynamic. Specifically, risk tolerance tends to increase with age, while age exhibits no significant influence on impatience. Furthermore, individuals endowed with higher risk tolerance tend to demonstrate lower levels of impatience, irrespective of their age.
Plasma Aβ42/40 and cognitive variability are associated with cognitive function in Black Americans: Findings from the AA‐FAIM cohort
Authors: Fischer Barbara , Van Hulle Carol Ann , Langhough Rebecca , Norton Derek , Zuelsdorff Megan , Gooding Diane Carol , Wyman Mary F. , Johnson Adrienne , Lambrou Nickolas , James Taryn , Bouges Shenikqua , Carter Fabu Phillis , Salazar Hector , Kirmess Kristopher , Holubasch Mary , Meyer Matthew , Venkatesh Venky , West Tim , Verghese Philip , Yarasheski Kevin , Carlsson Cynthia M. , Johnson Sterling C. , Asthana Sanjay , Gleason Carey E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionIt is critical to develop more inclusive Alzheimer's disease (AD) research protocols to ensure that historically excluded groups are included in preclinical research and have access to timely diagnosis and treatment. If validated in racialized groups, plasma AD biomarkers and measures of subtle cognitive dysfunction could provide avenues to expand diversity in preclinical AD research. We sought to evaluate the utility of two easily obtained, low‐burden disease markers, plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40, and intra‐individual cognitive variability (IICV), to predict concurrent and longitudinal cognitive performance in a sample of Black adults.MethodsTwo hundred fifty‐seven Black participants enrolled in the African Americans Fighting Alzheimer's in Midlife (AA‐FAIM) study underwent at least one cognitive assessment visit; a subset of n = 235 had plasma samples. Baseline IICV was calculated as the standard deviation across participants’ z scores on five cognitive measures: Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test Delayed Recall, Trail Making Test Parts A and B (Trails A and B), and Boston Naming Test. Using mixed effects regression models, we compared concurrent and longitudinal models to baseline plasma Aβ42/40 or IICV by age interactions. PrecivityAD assays quantified baseline plasma Aβ42/40.ResultsIICV was associated with concurrent/baseline performance on several outcomes but did not modify associations between age and cognitive decline. In contrast, plasma Aβ42/40 was unrelated to baseline cognitive performance, but a pattern emerged in interactions with age in longitudinal models of Trails A and B and Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test total learning trials. Although not significant after correcting for multiple comparisons, low Aβ42/40 was associated with faster cognitive declines over time.DiscussionOur results are promising as they extend existing findings to an Black American sample using low‐cost, low‐burden methods that can be implemented outside of a research center, thus supporting efforts for inclusive AD biomarker research.
Right Whale Sexual Strategies and Behavior
Authors: Brown Moira Wilding , Sironi Mariano 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNorth Atlantic and southern right whale social interactions and sexual behavior have been studied for decades. Understanding whale mating systems can inform about many aspects of their biology and even their anatomy. Right whales have a polygynandrous mating strategy where females and males mate with multiple partners within a breeding season. It is hypothesized that this promotes sperm competition among males and likely explains the large testis-to-body-size ratio in Eubalaenids. Surface active groups (SAGs) characterize mating behavior in North Atlantic and southern right whales, where two or more animals are at the surface with frequent physical contact. Observations of copulation in SAGs have led to the hypothesis that conception is the primary function, with females practicing a mating strategy where the chance of conception with the largest and likely healthiest male would be maximized. Right whales produce their entire acoustic repertoire of known calls while in SAGs and sounds are thought to serve a social communication function. In the North Atlantic, surface active behavior is seen in all habitat areas and in all months of the year in which right whales are sighted. SAGs tend to increase in size and vigor as the mating season approaches, resulting in spectacular and highly energetic courtship activity with group sizes numbering 30 animals and more; however, the whereabouts of any breeding ground is unknown. On southern right whale calving grounds, mother-calf pairs use relatively shallow waters along the coastline, and SAGs tend to occur farther from shore: calving and mating occur in winter in largely the same habitat areas. Analyses of seasonal timing and group composition of individually identified animals within SAGs suggest that they may serve multiple other roles, since conceptive and non-conceptive groups have been revealed. SAGs often include pregnant females, juveniles, and occasionally calves. Some groups consist of exclusively same sex individuals. It has been hypothesized that, in addition to conception, SAGs may also provide opportunities for right whales to socialize, play, learn, practice mating, and identify potential future mates.
Sexual Behaviors of Odontocetes in Managed Care
Authors: Manitzas Hill Heather M. , Dudzinski Kalthleen M. , Lilley Malin K. , Ham Jackson R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA number of odontocete species have been cared for by humans for multiple decades, including but not limited to pilot whales, killer whales, Commerson’s dolphins, bottlenose dolphins (Indo-Pacific and common), and beluga whales (or white whales). Because many of these were breeding, numerous reproductive behaviors have been observed, documented, and investigated in detail. Similarly, sociosexual behaviors exchanged between nonreproductive partners have been examined. This chapter summarizes what has been learned regarding the role of hormones in sexual behavior, seasonality of sexual behavior, reproductive courtship behavior and displays, copulation, non-conceptive sexual behavior, development, social bonds, same-sex interactions, and interspecies interactions. We provide insight to the behavioral systems involved with both reproduction and social bonding for odontocetes. This chapter concludes with areas of future research that have been informed and should continue to be informed by knowledge of odontocete sexual behavior gained from managed care facilities.
TrkB inhibition of DJ-1 degradation promotes the growth and maintenance of cancer stem cell characteristics in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kim Min Soo , Lee Won Sung , Jin Wook 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlthough TrkB may be associated with the pathogenesis of various cancer by upregulation, how upregulation of TrkB led to tumor progression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the signaling mechanisms by which TrkB induces motility, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance, and acquisition of self-renewal traits has remained unclear. Here, we demonstrated that TrkB was significantly upregulated in highly metastatic HCC cells and HCC patients. Also, the increased TrkB levels were significantly correlated with tumor stages and poor survival of HCC patients. Furthermore, the upregulated TrkB expression enhances the metastatic ability of HCC cells through reduced anoikis sensitivity, induced migration, and colony formation. Most strikingly, TrkB markedly enhances the activation of STAT3 by preventing DJ-1 degradation through the formation of the TrkB/DJ-1 complex. This signaling mechanism is responsible for triggering cellular traits of highly aggressive HCC. The activation of the EMT program of HCC via increasing DJ-1 stability by TrkB induces the gain of cancer stem cell states and chemoresistance via the upregulation of stem cells cell markers and ABC transporters. Also, TrkB-mediated inhibition of DJ-1 degradation promotes tumor formation and metastasizes to other organs in vivo. Our observations illustrate that TrkB is a prognostic and therapeutic targeting in promoting aggressiveness and metastasis of HCC.
Lipase inhibitory activity of constituents of Physalis glutinosa and Physalis latiphysa
Authors: Maldonado Emma , Mineros Areli , Torres Oscar D. , Ovalle-Magallanes Berenice , Madariaga-Mazón Abraham , Pérez-Castorena Ana L. , Martínez Mahinda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe new labdane-type diterpenoid, physaglutinic acid (1), was isolated from the hexane extract of Physalis glutinosa. This compound is the first succinyl labdane isolated from a Physalis species. The known constituents of this plant were identified as the labdanes 12-O-acetylphysacoztomatin (3), physacoztomatin (4) and 12-epi-nicandrodiol (6). The flavonol retusin (8) was also isolated from this species. The investigation of the acetone extract of Physalis latiphysa resulted in the isolation of the known (+)- (Z)-labda-8(17),13-diene-15,16-diol (9), labdenediol (11), the epimeric mixture of physanicantriol (12) and 14 epi-physanicantriol (13), together with the sucrose esters, nicandroses B (15) and D (16). Also, a large amount of the flavonol glycoside rutin (17) was obtained from the methanol extract. The activity of eight of the isolated compounds and three of their derivatives as lipase inhibitors was determined. The mode of binding of active compounds 4, 10 and 16 was explored using molecular docking on the binding pocket of pancreatic lipase (PDB ID 1LPB).
Neurootologische Manifestationen bei Morbus Fabry – eine retrospektive Analyse
Authors: Storck Katharina , Stenzl Anna , Regenbogen Claudia , Hofauer Benedikt , Knopf Andreas 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundMorbus Fabry (FD) gehört zu den X‑chromosomal lysosomalen Speicherkrankheiten, die alle Organe betreffen können. Ihnen ist eine spezifische lysosomalen Funktionsstörung gemeinsam, wodurch es – anstatt zum Abbau von Metaboliten – zur Substratanreicherung in Lysosomen kommt. Aufgrund des Mangels/Fehlens von α‑Galaktosidase werden Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) in Lysosomen der Organe abgelagert. Neben Akroparästhesien, Angiokeratomen, autonomen Dysfunktionen, Vortex-Keratopathien, ischämischen zerebralen oder kardialen Komplikationen und einer chronischen Niereninsuffizienz kommen auch vestibulocochleäre Funktionsstörungen mit einem plötzlichen oder fortschreitenden asymmetrischem Hörverlust, Tinnitus und Schwindel vor.Patienten und MethodenIn dieser retrospektiven Studie erfolgte die Auswertung von 33 Patienten (m = 16 und w = 17) mit FD. Alle Patienten wurden uns im Rahmen einer Routineuntersuchung vom spezialisierten Zentrum für lysosomale Speicherkrankheiten der Nephrologie im Haus vorgestellt. Diese Vorstellung erfolgt als Screening-Untersuchung unabhängig von neurootologischen Symptomen.ErgebnisseDas Durchschnittsalter bei Diagnose betrug 34,76 (±11,55) Jahre. Die erstmalige Vorstellung in unserer HNO-Abteilung erfolgte mit 40,45 (±11,71) Jahren. Wir konnten eine signifikante Korrelation zwischen neurologischen Symptomen und einer Hörminderung (p = 0,001) sowie zwischen Herzmanifestationen und einer Hörminderung (p = 0,024) nachweisen.SchlussfolgerungSchwerhörigkeit ist ein mögliches Symptom bei Morbus Fabry und nicht nur auf den klassischen männlichen Phänotyp beschränkt. Bei nachgewiesenen Korrelationen mit neurologischen und kardiologischen Manifestationen der Krankheit sollte eine routinemäßige HNO-Screening-Untersuchung erfolgen, um neurootologische Defizite zu erkennen und behandeln zu können. Ebenso sollte vor allem bei jüngeren Patienten mit einem plötzlichen ein- oder beidseitigen Hörverlust und einer familiären Häufung FD als Differenzialdiagnose in Betracht gezogen und getestet werden.
What factors contribute to uneven suburbanisation? Predicting the number of migrants from Warsaw to its suburbs with machine learning
Authors: Bogusz Honorata , Winnicki Szymon , Wójcik Piotr 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the spatially uneven migration from Warsaw to its suburban municipalities. We report a novel approach to modelling suburbanisation: several linear and nonlinear predictive models are applied, and Explainable Artificial Intelligence methods are used to interpret the shape of relationships between the dependent variable and the most important regressors. The support vector regression algorithm is found to yield the most accurate predictions of the number of migrants to the suburbs of Warsaw. In addition, we find that migrants choose wealthier and more urbanised municipalities that offer better institutional amenities and a shorter driving time to Warsaw’s city centre.
Factors Contributing to Delays to Accessing Appendectomy in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries: A Scoping Review
Authors: Louw Johnelize , McCaul M. , English R. , Nyasulu P. S. , Davies J. , Fourie C. , Jassat J. , Chu K. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAppendicitis is one of the most common emergency surgical conditions worldwide. Delays in accessing appendectomy can lead to complications. Evidence on these delays in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) is lacking. The aim of this review was to identify and synthesise the available evidence on delays to accessing appendectomy in LMICs.MethodsThis scoping review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews framework. The delays and their interconnectivity in LMICs were synthesised and interpreted using the Three Delays framework. We reviewed Africa Wide EBSCOhost, PubMed–Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, African Journals Online (AJOL), and Bioline databases.ResultsOur search identified 21 893 studies, of which 78 were included in the final analysis. All of the studies were quantitative. Fifty per cent of the studies included all three types of delays. Delays in seeking care were influenced by a lack of awareness of appendicitis symptoms, and the use of self and alternative medication, which could be linked to delays in receiving care, and the barrier refusal of medical treatment due to fear. Financial concerns were a barrier observed throughout the care pathway.ConclusionThis review highlighted the need for additional studies on delays to accessing appendectomy in additional LMICs. Our review demonstrates that in LMICs, persons seeking appendectomy present late to health‐care facilities due to several patient‐related factors. After reaching a health‐care facility, accessing appendectomy can further be delayed owing to a lack of adequate hospital resources.
The prognostic value of systemic vascular resistance in heart failure patients with permanent atrial fibrillation: a retrospective study
Authors: Jing Zongpeng , Zhang Jingjing , Ding Jijun , Xue Zongqian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHeart failure (HF) and permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) interact mutually, exacerbating hemodynamic effects and causing adverse outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Monitoring hemodynamic indicators in patients with these comorbidities is crucial for effective clinical management. Transthoracic impedance cardiography (ICG) has been widely employed in assessing hemodynamic status in clinical settings. Given the limited research on the prognostic significance of ICG parameters in HF with permanent AF, we undertook this study. A total of 66 HF patients with permanent AF were included in this retrospective study, and the primary outcome was rehospitalization due to worsening HF within 180-day post-discharge. Cox regression analysis was performed to explore the connection between ICG-evaluated parameters and the outcome risk. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis determined the optimal cutoff values of risk factors, subsequently applied in plotting Kaplan Meier (KM) survival curves. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that systemic vascular resistance (SVR) both on admission and at discharge independently predicted rehospitalization for worsening HF. ROC analysis established optimal SVR cutoff values: 320.89 (kPa s/L) on admission and 169.94 (kPa s/L) at discharge (sensitivity 70%, specificity 94.4%, area under the curve (AUC) 0.831, respectively, sensitivity 90%, specificity 55.6%, AUC 0.742). KM survival curves analysis showed that patients with SVR > 320.89 (kPa s/L) on admission had an 8.14-fold (P < 0.001) increased risk of the end-point event compared with those with SVR ≤ 320.89 (kPa s/L). Similarly, patients with SVR > 169.94 (kPa s/L) at discharge faced a risk elevated by 6.57 times (P = 0.002) relative to those with SVR ≤ 169.94 (kPa s/L). In HF patients with permanent AF, SVR measured by ICG emerges as an independent risk factor and clinical predictor for HF deterioration-related readmission within 180 days after discharge. Higher SVR levels, both upon admission and at discharge, correlate with an incremental rehospitalization risk.
Propensity score-matched comparison of total arterial off- and on-pump coronary artery bypass with complete revascularization
Authors: Shintomi Shizuya , Saito Satoshi , Hamasaki Azumi , Ichihara Yuki , Morita Kozo , Ikeda Masahiro , Domoto Satoru , Furuta Akihisa , Niinami Hiroshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLittle is known regarding the long-term (> 10 years) outcomes and risk factors of total arterial coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). This study evaluated the long-term outcomes and risk factors for all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) following total arterial on-pump CABG (ONCAB) or off-pump CABG (OPCAB) with complete revascularization. This retrospective cohort analysis enrolled patients with stable angina who underwent total arterial CABG with complete revascularization in our institute between July 2000 and June 2019. The endpoints were all-cause mortality and MACCE incidence, including a comparison between OPCAB and ONCAB. Long-term (10-year) outcomes were analyzed using propensity score-matched pairs, and risk factors were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analyses. Overall, 401 patients who underwent primary total arterial CABG were classified into the OPCAB (n = 269) and ONCAB (n = 132) groups. Using propensity score matching (PSM), 88 patients who underwent OPCAB were matched with 88 patients who underwent ONCAB. The mean follow-up period was 7.9 ± 6.3 years. No significant difference in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval, 0.53–2.04; p = 0.9138) and MACCE incidence (hazard ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.68–1.65; p = 0.7901) was observed between the two groups. Renal failure requiring dialysis was a significant risk factor for mortality (p < 0.0001) and MACCEs (p = 0.0003). Long-term outcomes of total arterial OPCAB and ONCAB with complete revascularization showed similar findings using PSM. Renal failure requiring dialysis was a significant risk factor for mortality and morbidity.Journal standard instruction requires an unstructured abstract; hence the headings provided in abstract were deleted. Kindly check and confirm.Thank you for your kindness.Clinical registration number 5598, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Hospital.
Study of the Impact of Hard Rock Pillar Behavior on the Raise Caving Mining System
Authors: Gams Patrick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRaise caving is a novel mining method with an active stress control approach, which is suitable for deep mining environments. The application of raise caving is investigated for LKAB’s Kiruna mine. This mining method consists of two different phases. In the de-stressing phase, inclined de-stressing slots are created with a minimum amount of infrastructure and long-raise bore holes. The de-stressing slots provide stress shadows for subsequent large scale mining activities. These slots are separated by massive pillars, with width to height ratios of up to 10 and a length of several hundreds of meters, which are required to control stresses and seismicity and prevent hangingwall caving. Due to the stress redistribution in the mine, pillars and abutment areas become highly stressed. In the so-called “production phase”, which follows the de-stressing phase, large scale mineral extraction is conducted. As pillars are highly stressed after the de-stressing phase, it is important to de-stress them in the production phase to be able to extract them in a safe manner. Overall, pillars play a decisive role for the success of the raise caving mining method. Hence, studies on pillars and their impact on the raise caving mining method are of great importance. The first part of the contribution outlines the importance of pillars in the raise caving mining method on a conceptual basis. Numerical simulations for different mine layouts and different pillar behavior are then conducted to study the impact of pillar behavior on the system. The stress redistribution in the mining system and the infrastructure stability, with the help of the RCF-value, are analyzed. For this purpose, simulations with a linear elastic material behavior are a well-suited method. Consequently, the de-stressing of the pillar due to crushing cannot be analyzed with a linear elastic model. To do so, a method for de-stressing the pillar has to be implemented into the simulation. The behavior for pillars with a different width to height ratio is implemented with the help of pre-calculated stress-strain curves from available knowledge on pillar strength and behavior. Since mining is a progressive process, the sequence of mining plays an important role for the stress development in pillars and abutment areas and is also included in the simulations. Different ways for pillar de-stressing are outlined and discussed. Furthermore, the influence of stoping in the production phase is discussed in this contribution.