bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retracted: Anterior Circulation Thrombectomy in Patients With Low National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale Score: Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Patel Karan , Taneja Kamil , Shu Liqi , Zhang Linda , Yu Yunting , Abdalkader Mohamad , Obusan Matthew B. , Yaghi Shadi , Nguyen Thanh N. , Asdaghi Negar , Oak Solomon , Tonetti Daniel A. , Siegler James E. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Prior studies have shown benefit for endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients with large‐vessel occlusion and severe deficits, as captured by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale. However the benefit of EVT in patients with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score <6 is unclear.

Methods
We queried the National Inpatient Sample (2018–2020) for patients with a large‐vessel occlusion of the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score <6, and compared outcomes between patients treated with EVT versus best medical management, using propensity score matching. The primary outcome was routine discharge (home or self‐care). Secondary outcomes were in‐hospital mortality, intracerebral hemorrhage, and length of stay. Primary and secondary outcomes were evaluated using multivariable regression adjusted for baseline characteristics, stroke severity, and treatment with thrombolysis.

Results

Of the 212 515 patients with an internal carotid artery/middle cerebral artery stroke, 49 115 met the inclusion criteria for our study. A total of 8035 patients were treated with EVT, and 41 080 were treated with best medical management. Patients treated with EVT had increased odds of routine discharge (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.78 [95% CI, 1.57–2.01];
P
<0.001), shorter length of hospital stays (adjusted β, −0.41 [95% CI, −0.63 to −0.19];
P
<0.001), and similar rates of death (adjusted OR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.39–1.24];
P
= 0.22), compared with patients treated with best medical management. These relationships persisted in the propensity‐matched cohort.

Conclusions
Patients treated with EVT compared with best medical management had greater odds of routine discharge, reduced length of stay, and no differences in intracerebral hemorrhage or early mortality. Our findings suggest potential real‐world benefit for EVT in patients with low National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores.
Evaluation of Experimental High-Resolution Model Forecasts of Tropical Cyclone Precipitation Using Object-Based Metrics
Authors: Stackhouse Shakira D. , Zick Stephanie E. , Matyas Corene J. , Wood Kimberly M. , Hazelton Andrew T. , Alaka Ghassan J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Tropical cyclone (TC) precipitation poses serious hazards including freshwater flooding. High-resolution hurricane models predict the location and intensity of TC rainfall, which can influence local evacuation and preparedness policies. This study evaluates 0–72-h precipitation forecasts from two experimental models, the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) model and the basin-scale Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting (HWRF-B) Model, for 2020 North Atlantic landfalling TCs. We use an object-based method that quantifies the shape and size of the forecast and observed precipitation. Precipitation objects are then compared for light, moderate, and heavy precipitation using spatial metrics (e.g., area, perimeter, elongation). Results show that both models forecast precipitation that is too connected, too close to the TC center, and too enclosed around the TC center. Collectively, these spatial biases suggest that the model forecasts are too intense even though there is a negative intensity bias for both models, indicating there may be an inconsistency between the precipitation configuration and the maximum sustained winds in the model forecasts. The HAFS model struggles with forecasting stratiform versus convective precipitation and with the representation of lighter (stratiform) precipitation during the first 6 h after initialization. No such spinup issues are seen in the HWRF-B forecasts, which instead exhibit systematic biases at all lead times and systematic issues across all rain-rate thresholds. Future work will investigate spinup issues in the HAFS model forecast and how the microphysics parameterization affects the representation of precipitation in both models.
The Role of MRI in Assessing Residual Breast Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Rezkallah Emad , Mekhaeil Kamel , Tin Su Min Min , Hanna Ragai Sobhy 
Published: August 2023

Introduction Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in the world. The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in the management of breast cancer is increasing. The decision about the management after NAC depends mainly on the tumor response to NAC. Objectives The role of the current study is to evaluate the role of the MRI scan in assessing the residual disease after NAC, which would help in decision making regarding the best treatment plan for the patient. Patients and Methods We did this retrospective review for all patients who were diagnosed with breast cancer in our center and had NAC over four years. All patients in our study had a post-NAC magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan to assess the residual tumor size. A 2×2 table was used to calculate the diagnostic accuracy, and SPSS software version 25 was used to get the correlation coefficients between the post-NAC MRI measurements and pathological size. Results 28 female patients were included in our study. The average age was 45.25 ± 10 years. We utilized the tumor size on histology as the standard for comparison. We calculated MRI sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV rates of 90.9%, 100%, 100%, and 94.4%, respectively. The correlation coefficient was strong (r = 0.859, P = 0.01). Conclusion Magnetic resonance imaging is a good test to assess the residual tumor disease after NAC in breast cancer patients. However, cases of under- and overestimation are still seen, which require more caution when making a decision regarding the management of such cases.
Threat Dynamics and Police Use of Force
Authors: Krajewski Andrew T. , Worrall John L. , Scales Robert M. 
Published: August 2023

Objective Police officers’ use of force (UoF) has traditionally been understood vis-à-vis subject resistance, but researchers have recently argued for a greater emphasis on subject threat. We examine the role of static and dynamic threat measures, consisting of indicators for ability, opportunity, and intent, in police UoF while accounting for subject resistance. Data and Methods We use data from a large multiagency sample of coded police force narratives and a series of multilevel models that nest temporally ordered force sequences (dyadic exchanges between officers and subjects) within their respective UoF incidents. Results Our results suggest that (1) police force incidents are dynamic with levels of force and resistance often fluctuating throughout the incident, (2) each element of subject threat significantly predicts force, net of resistance and other variables, and (3) the elements of threat interact with one another to explain force, but not completely as expected. Conclusions Our results suggest that subject threat, in addition to resistance, provides important insights for understanding when officers either use or escalate force. We conclude with suggestions for those interested in further exploring the intersection of threat, resistance, and police UoF.
Self-management of Diabetes for Empty Nest Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Fang , Guo Shaofan , Gong Wenhuan , Xie Xuejuan , Liu Na , Zhang Qingjing , Zhao Wenjing , Cao Mengjie , Cao Yuzhong 
Published: August 2023

Background: Despite much evidence showing the effectiveness of structured self-management education for diabetes, poor glycemic control remains a challenge among empty nest older adults. Objective: We explored the effect of a health education intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on the self-management of empty nest older adults with type 2 diabetes in Lanzhou, China. Methods: We conducted a 2-armed, randomized controlled trial using a multistage sampling method. A total of 100 patients were randomly assigned to receive either community nurse–led diabetes education based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model or general community diabetes education. Self-management scores and blood glucose were compared at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after the intervention. Results: Analyses were conducted on the 98 patients completing follow-up. In the experimental group, diabetes self-management knowledge ( t = 7.578, P < .001), self-management attitude ( t = 9.155, P < .001), self-management behavior ( t = 7.809, P < .001), and overall self-management scores ( t = 7.626, P < .001) improved, with hemoglobin A1c ( t = −2.825, P = .006), fasting plasma glucose ( t = −3.100, P = .003), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose ( t = −3.812, P < .001), and diastolic blood pressure ( t = −2.104, P = .038) decreasing compared with the control group at 6 months postintervention. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that education based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model was more effective than general health education in improving diabetes self-management and glycemic control among empty nest older adults.
An evaluation of the shape-memory behavior and mechanical properties of polylactic acid/Ni80Cr20 continuous wire composite produced by extrusion-based additive manufacturing and in-melt simultaneous impregnation method
Authors: Akhoundi Behnam 
Published: August 2023

This study evaluates the mechanical and shape-memory properties of PLA/Ni80Cr20 continuous wire composite materials. The samples were produced using an extrusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) process with in-melt simultaneous impregnation of metal wire, followed by 3D printing. The reinforced samples were fabricated using metal wires of 0.1 and 0.15 mm in diameter and 5 and 10% volume percentages. The maximum mechanical (tensile and flexural) properties were obtained in the reinforced samples with a 10% volume percentage of metal wire of 0.1 mm in diameter. The samples exhibited a maximum ultimate tensile strength of 116 MPa, a maximum tensile modulus of 11.7 GPa, a maximum flexural strength of 221 MPa, and a maximum flexural modulus of 17.8 GPa. This research used a novel method to investigate the shape-memory properties of PLA. By applying a potential difference to the samples, the heat generated by the metal wire was absorbed by the matrix polymer, which increased the temperature of the material. This increase in temperature resulted in a change in the samples' shape. The effect of voltage on the wire was investigated, and a voltage of 40 V was applied to the U-shaped samples with special fixtures to measure the shape recovery and shape stabilization percentage. Based on the final results, it can be deduced that 3D-printed composite materials, along with appropriate wire type, wire diameter, voltage, and uniform temperature distribution, can be used as shape-memory materials for a wide range of applications with desired temperature conditions, especially in cases where direct heat cannot be applied to the sample.
Childhood Interpersonal Trauma and Depression of Middle-Aged and Older Adults in China: The Mediation Effect of Social Integration
Authors: Zhou Jia-Jia , Zhou Shuai 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: This study investigates the associations between five types of childhood interpersonal trauma (CIT) and depression in mid-later life, as well as the mediation roles of social integration in the associations. Methods: Two waves of data from a nationally representative survey in China were used, with participants aged 45 years and older ( N = 14,180). Measures of CIT included physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect, bullying victimization, and exposure to interparental violence. Binary logistic regression and Karlson–Holm–Breen mediation analysis were used as statistical methods. Results: People who were bullied, physically abused, and witnessed interparental violence during childhood were more likely to develop depression in mid-later years. The associations between CIT and depression were mediated by satisfaction with marriage, satisfaction with children, and perceived social support. Discussion: Although CIT elevates the risk of depression in later life, effective interventions that strengthen integration across family and social domains could benefit mental health.
Digital citizenship of children and youth with autism: Developing guidelines and strategies for caregivers and clinicians to support healthy use of screens
Authors: Mayer Yael , Cohen-Eilig Mor , Chan Janice , Kuzyk Natasha , Glodjo Armansa , Jarus Tal 
Published: August 2023

Over the past few years, screen-based usage among children and youth has increased significantly, particularly among those with autism. Yet current screen time guidelines do not address the specific needs of autistic children and youth. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop specific and clear guidelines and strategies that caregivers and expert clinicians agree upon to support the digital citizenship of children with autism. Using the Delphi method, 30 experts, including 20 clinicians and 10 caregivers, were invited to complete a series of three surveys. The experts had to rate their agreement levels on a series of statements that included possible guidelines and strategies. The final statements to be included in the guidelines were accepted by more than 75% of the panel. The final guidelines included six sections: (1) general principles, (2) considerations for timing and content of leisure screen time use, (3) strategies for caregivers and clinicians to monitor and regulate screen time use, (4) behaviors to monitor for screen time overuse, (5) additional guidelines for clinicians, and (6) resources. The agreed-upon guidelines developed in this study could be the stepping stones for clinical interventions targeting screen time overuse of children with autism, addressing the screen time challenges that many families are experiencing. Lay Abstract Children and youth with autism use screens in their daily lives and in their rehabilitation programs. Although parents and clinicians experience specific challenges when supporting positive screen time use of children and youth with autism, no detailed information for this group exists. Therefore, this study aimed to develop clear guidelines that are agreed by expert clinicians and parents of children and youth with autism. Using a method called Delphi, 30 experts—20 clinicians and 10 caregivers, who have experience working with or caring for children and youth with autism were invited to complete a series of three surveys. In each round, the experts had to rate their agreement with statements regarding screen time management. The agreement level was set to 75%. The final themes to be included in the guidelines were accepted by more than 75% of the panel. The final guidelines included six main sections: (1) general principles, (2) considerations for timing and content of leisure screen time use, (3) strategies for caregivers and clinicians to monitor and regulate screen time use, (4) behaviors to monitor for screen time overuse, (5) additional guidelines for clinicians, and (6) resources. The new guidelines developed in this study can provide potential guidance on how to further the development of digital citizenship for children and youth with autism and provide strategies to families to help manage screen time use.
Thematic Analysis of Guided Imagery Scripts in a Multi-Health Behavior Change Intervention
Authors: Giacobbi Peter , Loughman Lily , Brink Candace , Shawley-Brzoska Samantha , Misra Ranjita 
Published: August 2023

Guided imagery is a mind-body technique that involves the controlled visualization of goals, behaviors, and desired outcomes. This secondary analysis aimed to identify themes in guided imagery scripts for the self-regulation of diet and stress management by overweight and obese women who were trying to lose weight. The guided imagery scripts were developed with the participants using prompts to elicit evocative emotional and sensory terms and phrases. Directed content analysis from 40 participants (21 to 51 years of age) was performed by 2 independent coders to develop a coding scheme, reach consensus, and identify major themes. Results showed 4 second-order themes for both stress reduction and food cravings. Major qualitative themes for stress reduction were imagined “special” places, body sensations and sensory descriptors, cognitive processes, and emotions. The four food cravings themes were foods and food types, body sensations/sensory descriptors, cognitive processes, and emotions. These results provide a framework for health care practitioners to develop simple to use guided imagery scripts to help women regulate stress and dietary behavior. Recommendations are made about how guided imagery techniques can be delivered in-person or digitally by nutritionists, psychologists, or health educators.
Single-stage endovascular treatment in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage with multiple intracranial aneurysms: Systematic review of the literature and multicentric retrospective experience
Authors: Molinaro Stefano , Mistretta Francesco , Piano Mariangela , Fantoni Matteo , Comelli Simone , Gallesio Ivan , Boghi Andrea , Sanfilippo Giuseppina , Venturi Fabrizio , Remida Paolo , Russo Riccardo , Bergui Mauro 
Published: August 2023

Objectives The presence of multiple intracranial aneurysms in patients with acute subarachnoid haemorrhage is a condition with no evidence of optimal treatment strategy, especially in case of uncertain haemorrhage patterns on cumputed tomography. The aim of this study was to analyse the safety and efficacy profile of single-stage endovascular treatment of multiple intracranial aneurysms with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage in the literature and in a retrospective case series. Materials and methods A systematic review of the present literature was conducted to identify studies related to single-stage endovascular treatment for ≥2 aneurysms; in addition, a retrospective multicentric review was performed. Data on clinical presentation, aneurysm size and location, occlusion rates, intracranial complications and clinical outcome were recorded. Results Thirteen articles were identified (all little case series) reporting 189 patients harbouring 389 aneurysms. And 85.6% presented with a Hunt-Hess scale 1–3, and 14.4% 4–5. Intracranial complications rate was 11.5%. Baseline and follow-up (20.5 months) occlusion rates were adequate (Raymond-Roy occlusion scale I-II) in 93% and 96.2%, respectively. 81% of patients had favourable clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≤2; Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) 5–4) and 19% poor (mRS 3–6; GOS 3–1). The retrospective database identified 53 patients with 115 aneurysms. Clinical presentation was Hunt-Hess (HH) 1–3/WNFS 1–2 75% and HH 4–5/WNFS 3–5 25%. Intracranial complication rate was 24.5%. Occlusion rate RROC I-II was 78.7% at baseline and 15 months and 90.2% at follow up. Clinical outcome at 3 months was mRS ≤2 68.6% and mRS 3–6 31.4%. Conclusions Single-staged endovascular treatment can be feasible, although a higher risk of intraprocedural complications, with clinical presentation being the major factor to influence the outcome.
Barriers, supports and constraints on women coaching in tennis
Authors: Pill Shane , Petersen Jasmine , Agnew Deb , Prichard Ivanka , Ridley Kate 
Published: August 2023

Background In Australia, there are fewer women in tennis coaching roles. Identifying the barriers (and supports) for women in sport coaching roles is necessary to inform the development of strategies that will address this underrepresentation of women in such roles. Aim This study aimed to examine the experiences of women in tennis coaching roles in Australia. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 women coaches (Mage = 45.5 ± 11.6 years) purposefully sampled from Tennis Australia ‘coach members’. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted. The investigation was underpinned by the ecological systems theory. Findings Five themes were drawn from the analysis of the interview transcripts: (a) stereotypically male profession, (b) career instability and longevity, (c) family/work-life tension, (d) organisational support and (e) career advancement opportunities. Conclusion This study provides important insight into strategies that may assist in addressing the gender disparity that exists in the sport coaching profession. Specifically, increased provision of support (e.g. organisational support), guidance in relation to pursuing a coaching career, developmental opportunities and financial support will be important to attracting and retaining women in coaching roles.
Comparison of high-flow nasal cannula and conventional nasal cannula during sedation for endoscopic submucosal dissection: a retrospective study
Authors: Lee Seungwon , Choi Ji Won , Chung In Sun , Kim Duk Kyung , Sim Woo Seog , Kim Tae Jun 
Published: August 2023

Background: The high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a relatively recent method that provides high-flow, heated, humidified gas delivery. Objectives: We compared HFNC (group HF) and conventional nasal cannula (NC) (group CO) during deep sedation with propofol and remifentanil for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Design: Single-center, retrospective observational cohort study. Methods: In this study, a total of 159 cases were analyzed (group CO, 71 and group HF, 88). We collected the data from electronic medical records from September 2020 to June 2021. The lowest oxygen saturation (SpO2), incidence of hypoxia (SpO2 < 90%), rescue interventions, and adverse events between the two groups were investigated. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in lowest SpO2 and incidence of hypoxia [group CO versus group HF; 90.3 ± 9.7% versus 95.7 ± 9.0%, 25 (35.2%) versus 10 (11.4%); p < 0.001, p < 0.001; respectively]. Among the rescue interventions, the number of jaw thrust, patient stimulation, O2 flow increase, and nasal airway insertion were significantly higher in the CO group than in the HF group. However, postprocedural chest X-ray showed higher rates of abnormal findings (atelectasis, aspiration, and pneumoperitoneum) in group HF than in group CO [group CO: 8 (11.3%) versus group HF: 26 (29.5%), p = 0.005]. In multivariable analysis, besides group CO, difficult type of lesion was the risk factor for hypoxia. Conclusions: Compared to the conventional NC, HFNC provided adequate oxygenation and a stable procedure without significant adverse events during sedation for ESD. However, caution is needed to avoid complications associated with deep sedation and difficult type of lesions.