bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Insights into Hybrid Low-Salinity Polymer Flooding through a Coupled Geochemical-Based Modeling Approach
Authors: Hassan Anas M. , Al-Shalabi Emad W. , Alameri Waleed , Kamal Muhammad Shahzad , Patil Shirish , Hussain Syed Muhammad Shakil 
Published: April 2023

Summary
Low-salinity polymer (LSP) flooding is a synergic emergent enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique. Previous laboratory experiments showed noticeable improvements in displacement efficiency, polymer rheology, injectivity, and viscoelasticity. Nevertheless, when it comes to modeling LSP flooding, it is still challenging to develop a mechanistic predictive model that captures polymer-brine-rock (PBR) interactions. Therefore, this study uses a coupled MATLAB reservoir simulation toolbox (MRST)-IPhreeqc simulator to investigate the effect of water chemistry on PBR interactions during LSP flooding through varying overall salinity and the concentrations of divalent and monovalent ions. For describing the related geochemistry, the presence of polymer in the aqueous phase was considered by introducing novel solution species (Poly) to the Phreeqc database. The developed model’s parameters were validated and history matched with experimental data reported in the literature. Moreover, different injection schemes were analyzed, including low-salinity (LS) water, LSP injection (1 × LSP), and 5-times spiked LSP injection (5 × LSP) with their related effects on polymer viscosity.
Results showed that polymer viscosity during LSP flooding is affected directly by Ca2+ and Mg2+ and indirectly by SO42− owing to PBR interactions on a dolomite rock-forming mineral. Monovalent ions (viz. Na+ and K+) have minor effects on polymer viscosity. Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions discharged from dolomite dissolution create polymer complexes (acrylic acid, C3H4O2) to reduce polymer viscosity significantly. The increased SO42− concentration in the injected LSP solution affects the interactions between the polymer and positively charged aqueous species, leading to minimized polymer viscosity loss. For LSP flood derisking measures, the cation’s effect was related to the charge ratio (CR). Thus, it is key to obtain an optimal CR where viscosity loss is minimal. This paper is among the few to detail the mechanistic geochemical modeling of the LSP flooding technique. The validated MRST-IPhreeqc simulator evaluates the previously overlooked effects of water chemistry on polymer viscosity during the LSP process. Using this coupled simulator, several other geochemical reactions and parameters can be assessed, including rock and injected-water compositions, injection schemes, and other polymer characteristics.
Nine golden codes: Improving the accuracy of Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) dispatch - a retrospective, multi-organisational study in the East of England
Authors: Edmunds Christopher , Lachowycz Kate , McLachlan Sarah , Downes Andrew , Smith Andrew , Major Rob , Barnard Edward 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) are a limited and expensive resource, and should be intelligently tasked. HEMS dispatch was identified as a key research priority in 2011and 2022, with a call to identify a ‘general set of criteria with the highest discriminating potential’. However, there have been no published data analyses in the subsequent decade that specifically address this priority, and this priority has been reaffirmed in 2022. The objective of this study was to define the dispatch criteria available at the time of the initial emergency call with the greatest HEMS utility using a large, regional, multi-organizational dataset in the UK.
Methods
This retrospective observational study utilized dispatch data from a regional emergency medical service (EMS) and three HEMS organisations in the East of England, 2016-2019. In a logistic regression model, Advanced Medical Priority Dispatch System (AMPDS) codes with ≥50 HEMS dispatches in the study period were compared with the remainder to identify codes with high-levels of HEMS patient contact and HEMS-level intervention/drug/diagnostic (HLIDD). The primary outcome was to identify AMPDS codes with a >10% HEMS dispatch rate of all EMS taskings that would result in 10-20 high-utility HEMS dispatches per 24-hour period in the East of England. Data were analysed in R, and are reported as number (percentage); significance was p<0.05.
Results
There were n=25,491 HEMS dispatches (6.4k per year), of which n=23,030 (90.3%) had an associated AMPDS code. n=13,778 (59.8%) of HEMS dispatches resulted in patient contact, and n=8437 (36.6%) had an HLIDD.
43 AMPDS codes had significantly greater rates of patient contact and/or HLIDD compared to the reference group. In an exploratory analysis, a cut-off of ≥70% patient contact rate and/or ≥70% HLIDD (with a >10% HEMS dispatch of all EMS taskings) resulted in 17 taskings per 24-hour period. This definition derived nine AMPDS codes with high HEMS utility.
Conclusion
We have identified nine ‘golden’ AMPDS codes, available at the time of initial emergency call, that are associated with high-levels of whole-system and HEMS utility in the East of England. We propose that UK EMS should consider immediate HEMS dispatch to these codes.
Efficacy of an Aloe Vera, Chamomile, and Thyme Cosmetic Cream for the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Mild Dermatitis Induced by Radiation Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients: a Controlled Clinical Trial Study (Alantel Trials)
Authors: Jimenez-Garcia Celia , De Torres Luis Angel Pérula , Villegas-Becerril Enrique , Muñoz-Gavilan Juan Jose , Espinosa-Calvo Maria , Montes-Redondo Gertrudis , Romero-Rodriguez Esperanza 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Dermatitis is a skin condition caused by multiple causes, including radiotherapy treatment. Pharmacological treatments can become chronic and are not exempt from side effects. The latest recommendations of the American Academy of Dermatology establish the use of natural, nourishing, and moisturizing cosmetic products as prevention and the first therapeutic step for dermatitis. Alantel® is a cream developed to reduce redness and irritation and promote the local immune system, combat immunosenescence, as well as promote the healing of epidermal lesions. The objective was to evaluate the effect of a cream (Alantel) based on natural products at high concentrations for the preventive and curative treatment (early stages) of radiation-induced dermatitis in patients with breast cancer.
Methods: Our protocol is a experimental, prospective, double-blind, multicenter, controlled clinical trial with two parallel arms. The experimental group will be treated with Alantel while the control group will receive a placebo. Radiotherapy oncology professionals will recruit a total of 88 patients (44 per comparison group) with breast cancer who will receive radiotherapy oncology treatment for 15 days, and they will be randomly assigned to the experimental or control group. Selected patients will be followed for four visits by Primary Care physicians for up to one week after completion of radiotherapy. The main study variable will be the incidence rate of mild post-radiation dermatitis. An intention-to-treat analysis will be performed, applying a comparison test for independent means and proportions. A bivariate and multivariate analysis will also be developed to check the treatment effect, adjusting for predictive sociodemographic and clinical variables.
Discussion: The purpose of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of a cream already marketed (Alantel) based on natural products at high concentrations for the preventive and curative treatment (early stages) of radiation-induced dermatitis in patients with breast cancer. The COVID19 pandemic has influenced by delaying the start of the study. One of the main limitations of this study will be the time required to recruit the patients from the planned sample, given that the selection criteria are restrictive and, although the study is multicenter, recruitment is carried out through a single service on radiotheraphy oncology.
Trial registration: The clinical trial has been registered in Clinicaltrials.gov (ref. NCT04116151). Registered on October 4, 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT04116151
Personalized exposure and ESM feedback versus exposure as usual for OCD: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hoogerwerf Elena , Greeven Anja , Goekoop Rutger , Spinhoven Philip 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background This study aims to compare personalized exposure with response prevention (ERP) using experience sampling methodology-based feedback to ERP as usual in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Personalized exposure will be provided screen-to-screen in an ecologically valid (real time and real place) context by means of a smartphone application. This app will also be used to collect both objective and subjective data by means of experience sampling methodology (ESM). This ESM-data will be used to identify triggers and protective factors for symptom severity, provide personalized feedback and optimize the effect of ERP. The primary goal of this RCT is to compare the effectiveness of personalized ERP to ERP as usual in the traditional context of a therapist’s room in patients with OCD in OCD symptom severity. Since both self-efficacy and experiential avoidance are known to influence symptom-severity in OCS, a secondary goal is to examine if a possible treatment effect is mediated by self-efficacy or experiential avoidance.
Methods This study involves a randomized controlled trial with 20 weekly sessions by 2 groups (ERP as usual versus personalized ERP), repeated measurements at baseline (T0), 5 weeks of treatment (T1), 10 weeks of treatment (T2), 15 weeks of treatment (T3), posttest at 20 weeks (T4), 6 weeks follow-up (T5), 3 months follow-up (T6), 6 months follow-up (T7) and a year follow-up (T8). A hundred and sixty patients with an OCD diagnosis according to DSM-5 criteria will participate. Half of the group will receive exposure with response prevention as usual, the other half will receive personalized exposure with response prevention with a smartphone application and personalized feedback sessions based on experience sampling data.
Discussion This randomized controlled trial is the first to assess the influence of delivering ERP through video calling and the use of an ESM intervention on the symptom severity of OCD. Since the global pandemic COVID-19, the use of video calling to deliver psychological treatments has become more common, increasing the relevance of this study.
Trial registration: ICTRP Trial NL8254 registered on 2019-12-24 url: https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NL8254
Does energy-environmental efficiency benefit from advanced policy zones? Evidence from national new zones of China
Authors: wu tielong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As global climate change aggravates, reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution is essential to sustainable economic development. This paper measures the energy-environmental efficiency of 284 prefecture-level cities in China using a non-radial directional distance function (NDDF) and data envelopment analysis (DEA), and evaluates the impact of the establishment of national new zones on energy-environmental efficiency using the multi-period difference-in-difference model (DID). We find that establishing national new zones improves the energy-environmental efficiency of the prefecture-level cities in which they are located by 13%-25% by enhancing the cities' green technical efficiency and scale efficiency. In addition, national new zones have both negative and positive spatial spillover effects, inhibiting the energy-environmental efficiency of cities within 50 km, and promoting the energy-environmental efficiency of cities around 300 km by a smaller value. In terms of heterogeneity, on the one hand, the impact of establishing national new zones on energy-environmental efficiency increases with larger quantile of the latter; on the other hand, National new zones with the one-city layout have significant stimulating impacts on energy-environmental efficiency, but those with the two-city layout have no significant impact, which means there is no significant green synergistic development impact among cities.
Expression pattern of potential heat stress genes under warm and cold episodes in scleractinian coral ‘Dipsastraea matthaii’ in the hottest sea, ‘the Persian Gulf’
Authors: Shokri Mohammad Reza , Tohidfar Masoud , Moghaddam Sanaz 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Shallow water reefs are widely threatened by anthropogenic ocean warming which sometimes exceeds their thermal tolerance limit. However, certain hard coral species are thermally resilient and can quickly adapt to anomalous thermal stress events by altering the expression of their heat stress-related genes. A comparative analysis of microarray data was undertaken to identify candidate genes involved in temperature stress. Finally, to validate the results of the analysis, four genes, including [i.e., Cell Division Cycle 16 (CDC16), Ubiquitin C (UBC), Heat Shock Protein 90 Beta Family Member 1 (HSP90B1), Histone acetyltransferase p300 (EP300)] as genes responding to temperature stress in the scleractinian coral “Dipsastera matthaii” collected from the Persian Gulf were selected for real-time PCR during warm and cold periods. Expression changes of them highly confirmed the results of the meta-analysis. So that a significant increase in expression was observed for UBC, HSP90B1, and EP300 in response to heat stress. The EP300 enhancement was triggered by transcription activation through binding to transcription factors. An important feature of this response was the expression of molecular chaperones such as HSP90B1 as a result of activation of the Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1). In addition, HSF1 activates UBC, which removes critically digested proteins along the path of the ubiquitin proteolysis system. The outcome of this study could help introduce candidate genes that may be beneficial as biomarkers for selection.
Synthesis of pure and high-quality biodiesel from waste frying oil using CaO prepared from waste coralline sand
Authors: Singh Reena , Pradhan Gitanjali , Pradhan Subhalaxmi , Madhu Devarapaga 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Biodiesel is projected to replace the conventional diesel which is naturally occurring from a non-renewable resource called petroleum. Biodiesel generally prepared from bioresources and improves rural economy. The present research focuses on synthesis of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using catalyst generated from waste material. Waste coralline sand degraded from parent coral reef rock was used to make high purity and low cost CaO, and used in the production of biodiesel as an effective heterogeneous solid base catalyst. The calcination temperature was held at 800 °C for 3.5 hours, yielding a high purity CaO catalyst. Well-known tools namely XRD, FT-IR, and TGA were employed to characterize the catalyst that was obtained. Elemental analysis and surface morphology were observed with SEM-EDX, respectively. To produce biodiesel, each batch went through a succession of transesterification reactions. Each experiment examined how the co-solvent changed the yield of biodiesel. Biodiesel of high grade and purity was produced and analysed using 1H NMR and FI-IR spectra. There are some variables which adversely affected biodiesel yield, like reaction time, temperature, molar ratio, and concentration of the catalyst. The density, kinematic viscosity, cloud point, and other properties of synthesised biodiesel were investigated using ASTM guidelines. It was established that the developed CaO catalyst was reused up to 5 times without substantially degrading its catalytic activity.
Acoustic and Optoacoustic Stimulations in Auditory Brainstem Response test in Salicylate Induced Tinnitus
Authors: Montazeri Katayoon , Farhadi Mohammad , Akbarnejad Zeinab , Asadpour Abdoreza , Majdabadi Abbas , Fekrazad Reza , Mahmoudian Saeid 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As a common debilitating disorder worldwide, tinnitus requires objective assessment. In the auditory brainstem response (ABR) test, auditory potentials can be evoked by acoustic or optoacoustic (induced by laser light) stimulations. In order to use the ABR test in the objective assessment of tinnitus, in this study, acoustic ABR (aABR) and optoacoustic ABR (oABR) were compared in the control and tinnitus groups to determine the changes caused by Sodium salicylate (SS)-induced tinnitus in rat. In both aABR and oABR, wave II was the most prominent waveform, and the amplitude of wave II evoked by oABR was significantly higher than that of aABR. Brainstem transmission time (BTT), which represents the time required for a neural stimulation to progress from the auditory nerve ending to the inferior colliculus, was significantly shorter in oABR. In the tinnitus group, there was a significant increase in the threshold of both ABRs and a significant decrease in the amplitude of wave II only in the oABR. Based on our findings, the ABR test has the potential to be used in the assessment of SS-induced tinnitus, but oABR has the advantages of producing more prominent waveforms and significantly reducing the amplitude of wave II in tinnitus.
Prevalence of Autoimmune Thyroiditis among Children with Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Mogahed Engy Adel , Soliman Hend M. , Morgan Dalia Saber , Elaal Hoda Mohammed Abd , Khattab Rasha Abd El Razek Mahmoud , Eid Ragaey A , Hodeib Mahmoud 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an organ specific autoimmune disease, which can manifest at any age of life. there is a high prevalence of extrahepatic autoimmune diseases in patients with AIH. Autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATDs) are the most frequent extrahepatic autoimmune disorders among patients with AIH. Aim of work is to detect the frequency of ATDs among Egyptian children with AIH.Methods This research is a cross-sectional study conducted on 58 children with AIH aged ≤ 18 years. All patients were tested for free triiodothyronine (FT3), free tetraiodothyronine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) and antithyroglobulin (anti-TG). Thyroid ultrasound (US) and thyroid scan were performed for patients with abnormal thyroid profile, borderline values, positive anti-TPO or anti-TG.Results The mean ± standard deviation (SD) for the age of the patients was 11.3 ± 4.5 years. Out of 58 patients of AIH, 28 patients (48.3%) had associated other autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune thyroiditis was the most common associated autoimmune disease being present in 10 patients (17.2%). The thyroid status of AIT patients showed that 6 patients (60%) were euthyroid, 3 patients (30%) had subclinical hypothyroidism and only one patient (10%) was hyperthyroid.Conclusion Autoimmune hepatitis in Egyptian children is commonly associated with other autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common to be associated with AIH in pediatric patients. As it is not usually clinically manifesting, regular screening for AIT in children with AIH is mandatory.
The Effect of Tai Chi Exercise on Physiological and Functional Fitness of Community-Based Older Adults Living with Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bibi Rashida , Khan Roheeda Amanullah , Zeb Akhter , Yan Zhang , Anwar Nasir , Mian Nasar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Tai chi is a well-known therapeutic slow-motion rhythmic exercise based on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been widely practiced for health promotion in older adults. According to our knowledge, there is a scarcity of evidence, and Tai Chi practice is controversial to support that all styles of Tai Chi movements are safe or effective for those having physiological and musculoskeletal functional declines. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the randomized control trial studies to examine the effect of different types of Tai Chi (TC) exercises on physical and functional fitness in elders with physical and functional declines living in the community. We followed the PRISMA guide throughout the study. Of the 18 papers reviewed, we analyzed the risk of bias, quality, and methodology following PICO guidelines. We retrieved 18 scientific papers from the different webs of science and databases by selecting Bullion words and MESH items according to our objective. We scrutinized 866 research papers through our inclusion and exclusion criteria; only 18 papers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria went through an extensive review. Tai Chi with its 24 styles is safe, improves joint mobility function, posture control, hemodynamic balance, and stabilizes body balance in the elderly with musculoskeletal conditions. It can be practiced by elders with chronic conditions living in the community, but style adjustment is required. Future studies are required to conduct more randomized control studies to evaluate the effect of Tai Chi exercises on biochemical level for those elders with other chronic health conditions.
Correlation between vibration and power consumption of angular contact ball bearings under structural size combinations based on nonlinear dynamic model
Authors: Deng Song , Zhao Chuang , Yang Can , Qian Dongsheng , Jiang Shaofeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To explore the correlation between vibration and power consumption of angular contact ball bearings, the evaluation of power consumption was merged into the original nonlinear dynamic model of ball bearings and this model was validated by the experimental method. On this basis, a comprehensive analysis of vibration and power consumption of ball bearings was conducted, then, the variations in the power consumption and vibration at different numbers of balls and groove curvature radii were studied, again, their optimal combinations were determined to attain the acceptable power consumption, dynamic stability and vibration in the bearing system. The corresponding results illustrate that reducing the maximum number of balls by one or two can obtain the good dynamic performance of friction consumption, dynamic stability and vibration of ball bearings, besides, the combination of inner and outer groove curvature radii should both strengthen contact loads and effectively guide the motion of the ball to get the favorable comprehensive performances.