bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rearrangement of cell types in the rat carotid body neurogenic niche induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia
Authors: Caballero‐Eraso Candela , Colinas Olaia , Sobrino Verónica , González‐Montelongo Rafaela , Cabeza José María , Gao Lin , Pardal Ricardo , López‐Barneo José , Ortega‐Sáenz Patricia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe carotid body (CB) is a prototypical acute oxygen (O2)‐sensing organ that mediates reflex hyperventilation and increased cardiac output in response to hypoxaemia. CB overactivation, secondary to the repeated stimulation produced by the recurrent episodes of intermittent hypoxia, is believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of sympathetic hyperactivity present in sleep apnoea patients. Although CB functional plasticity induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has been demonstrated, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Here, we show that CIH induces a small increase in CB volume and rearrangement of cell types in the CB, characterized by a mobilization of immature quiescent neuroblasts, which enter a process of differentiation into mature, O2‐sensing and neuron‐like, chemoreceptor glomus cells. Prospective isolation of individual cell classes has allowed us to show that maturation of CB neuroblasts is paralleled by an upregulation in the expression of specific glomus cell genes involved in acute O2‐sensing. CIH enhances mitochondrial responsiveness to hypoxia in maturing neuroblasts as well as in glomus cells. These data provide novel perspectives on the pathogenesis of CB‐mediated sympathetic overflow that may lead to the development of new pharmacological strategies of potential applicability in sleep apnoea patients.
imageKey points
Obstructive sleep apnoea is a frequent condition in the human population that predisposes to severe cardiovascular and metabolic alterations.
Activation of the carotid body, the main arterial oxygen‐sensing chemoreceptor, by repeated episodes of hypoxaemia induces exacerbation of the carotid body‐mediated chemoreflex and contributes to sympathetic overflow characteristic of sleep apnoea patients.
In rats, chronic intermittent hypoxaemia induces fast neurogenesis in the carotid body with rapid activation of neuroblasts, which enter a process of proliferation and maturation into O2‐sensing chemoreceptor glomus cells.
Maturing carotid body neuroblasts and glomus cells exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia upregulate genes involved in acute O2 sensing and enhance mitochondrial responsiveness to hypoxia.
These findings provide novel perspectives on the pathogenesis of carotid body‐mediated sympathetic hyperactivation. Pharmacological modulation of carotid body fast neurogenesis could help to ameliorate the deleterious effects of chronic intermittent hypoxaemia in sleep apnoea patients.
Hybrid Cost-Tolerance Allocation and Production Strategy Selection for Complex Mechanisms: Simulation and Surrogate Built-In Optimization Models
Authors: Khezri Amirhossein , Homri Lazhar , Etienne Alain , Dantan Jean-Yves 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In manufacturing companies, assembly is an essential process to obtain the final product. The life cycle of an assembly product depends on various production strategies, e.g., resource allocation, rework decision, selection strategy, etc. In this regard, achieving a reliable assembly product commence with engineering a comprehensive design plan which can mitigate various uncertainties a company can face. The counteraction of uncertainties can be altered by introducing a set of tolerances into the design of the components. Tolerances define a practical margin on components design without downgrading the required performance of products. Thus, producers are confronted with high-quality requirements, cost pressure, and a rising number of demands. On these bases, this paper aims at modeling a statistical framework for a set of production strategies, including resource allocation (as a decision to assign practical resources to components) and reworking decision (as a decision to improve components’ conformity rate). Moreover, a generic simulation and surrogate approach are established to evaluate the performance of the assembled product. Within this approach, simulation and surrogate models can be used to investigate a variety of deviations over components’ geometries within the process deviation domain and deploy reworking decision. Ultimately, a modular costing system is developed, and a genetic algorithm is adapted to locate optimal solutions. In addition, the applicability of the statistical model is studied on an assembly product.
Dynamical systems analysis in $$f(T,\phi )$$ gravity
Authors: Duchaniya L. K. , Kadam S. A. , Said Jackson Levi , Mishra B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTeleparallel based cosmological models provide a description of gravity in which torsion is the mediator of gravitation. Several extensions have been made within the so-called teleparallel equivalent of general relativity which is equivalent to general relativity at the level of the equations of motion where attempts are made to study the extensions of this form of gravity and to describe more general functions of the torsion scalar T. One of these extensions is $$f(T,\phi )$$

f
(
T
,
ϕ
)

gravity; T and $$\phi $$
ϕ
respectively denote the torsion scalar and scalar field. In this work, the dynamical system analysis has been performed for this class of theories to obtain the cosmological behaviour of a number of models. Two models are presented here with some functional form of the torsion scalar and the critical points are obtained. For each critical point, the stability behaviour and the corresponding cosmology are shown. Through the graphical representation, the equation of state parameter and the density parameters for matter-dominated, radiation-dominated and dark energy phase are also presented for both the models.
Heavy quark potential and LQCD based quark condensate at finite magnetic field
Authors: Nilima Indrani , Bandyopadhyay Aritra , Ghosh Ritesh , Ghosh Sabyasachi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the present work, we have studied heavy quarkonia potential in hot and magnetized quark gluon plasma. Inverse magnetic catalysis (IMC) effect is incorporated within the system through the magnetic field modified Debye mass by modifying the effective quark masses. We have obtained the real and imaginary part of the heavy quark potential in this new scenario. After the evaluation of the binding energy and the decay width we comment about the dissociation temperatures of the heavy quarkonia in presence of magnetic field.
Trireme: Exploration of Hierarchical Multi-level Parallelism for Hardware Acceleration
Authors: Zacharopoulos Georgios , Ejjeh Adel , Jing Ying , Yang En-Yu , Jia Tianyu , Brumar Iulian , Intan Jeremy , Huzaifa Muhammad , Adve Sarita , Adve Vikram , Wei Gu-Yeon , Brooks David 
Published: January 2023

The design of heterogeneous systems that include domain specific accelerators is a challenging and time-consuming process. While taking into account area constraints, designers must decide which parts of an application to accelerate in hardware and which to leave in software. Moreover, applications in domains such as Extended Reality (XR) offer opportunities for various forms of parallel execution, including loop level, task level, and pipeline parallelism. To assist the design process and expose every possible level of parallelism, we present
Trireme
, a fully automated tool-chain that explores multiple levels of parallelism and produces domain-specific accelerator designs and configurations that maximize performance, given an area budget. FPGA SoCs were used as target platforms, and Catapult HLS [
7
] was used to synthesize RTL using a commercial 12 nm FinFET technology. Experiments on demanding benchmarks from the XR domain revealed a speedup of up to 20×, as well as a speedup of up to 37× for smaller applications, compared to software-only implementations.
Corticosteroids and Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Goodman Rachel S. , Johnson Douglas B. , Balko Justin M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Despite revolutionizing cancer management, immunotherapies dysregulate the immune system, leading to immune-mediated adverse events. These common and potentially dangerous toxicities are often treated with corticosteroids, which are among the most prescribed drugs in oncology for a wide range of cancer and noncancer indications. While steroids exert several mechanisms to reduce immune activity, immunotherapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), are designed to enhance the immune system's inherent antitumor activity. Because ICI requires an intact and robust immune response, the immunosuppressive properties of steroids have led to a widespread concern that they may interfere with antitumor responses. However, the existing data of the effect of systemic steroids on immunotherapy efficacy remain somewhat conflicted and unclear. To inform clinical decision-making and improve outcomes, we review the impact of steroids on antitumor immunity, recent advances in the knowledge of their impact on ICI efficacy in unique populations and settings, associated precautions, and steroid-sparing treatment approaches.
Five-Year Clinical Outcome of the Biodegradable Polymer Ultrathin Strut Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Compared to the Biodegradable Polymer Biolimus-Eluting Stent in Patients Treated With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: From the SORT OUT VII Trial
Authors: Hansen Kirstine Nørregaard , Jensen Lisette Okkels , Maeng Michael , Christensen Martin Kirk , Noori Manijeh , Kahlert Johnny , Jakobsen Lars , Junker Anders , Freeman Phillip , Ellert-Gregersen Julia , Raungaard Bent , Terkelsen Christian Juhl , Veien Karsten Tange , Christiansen Evald Høj 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents were developed to improve safety and efficacy outcomes for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. However, few long-term follow-up efficacy studies are available. The study sought to investigate 5-year results from the SORT OUT VII trial (Scandinavian Organization for Randomized Trials With Clinical Outcome) comparing the biodegradable polymer ultrathin-strut sirolimus-eluting Orsiro stent (O-SES) versus the biodegradable polymer biolimus-eluting Nobori stent (N-BES).

Methods:
This registry-based, randomized, multicenter, single-blinded, noninferiority trial compared O-SES and N-BES in an all-comer population. The composite primary end point, target lesion failure, consisted of cardiac death, myocardial infarction related to the target lesion, or target lesion revascularization within 1 year. Follow-up was extended to 5 years.

Results:
Five-year follow-up was completed for 2521 patients (99.8%). Five-year target lesion failure did not differ between O-SES (12.4%) and N-BES (13.1%; rate ratio [RR], 0.94 [95% CI, 0.75–1.18]). Cardiac death (RR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.67–1.34]), target myocardial infarction (RR, 1.14 [95% CI, 0.76–1.71]), target lesion revascularization (RR, 0.90 [95% CI, 0.67–1.21]), and definite stent thrombosis rates (RR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.41–1.33]) did not differ significantly between the 2 stents. Within the first year, definite ST was significantly lower for O-SES (0.4%) compared to N-BES (1.2%; RR, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.12–0.92]), but no difference was from 1 through 5 years: O-SES 1.2% and N-BES 0.9% (RR, 1.28 [95% CI, 0.58–2.82]).

Conclusions:
Five years after treatment with biodegradable polymer stents, target lesion failure did not differ among O-SES and N-BES. Definite stent thrombosis was less often seen within the first year in the O-SES but the difference was not maintained after 5 years.

Registration:

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01879358.
Reduced Workflow Times for Reperfusion Therapy After Acute Ischemic Stroke Using a Visual Task Management Application
Authors: Matsumoto Shoji , Nakahara Ichiro , Yasuda Ayuko , Ishii Akira , Kubo Michiya , Yamada Kentaro , Okawa Masakazu , Nishi Hidehisa , Miura Toshiyasu , Koike Daisuke , Okita Shinpei , Aoki Michiru , Tanaka Koji , Suyama Yoshio , Morioka Jun , Hasebe Akiko , Tanabe Jun , Suyama Kenichiro , Watanabe Sadayoshi , Kuwahara Kiyonori , Ishihara Takuma , Koyama Hiroshi , Kira Jun‐ichi 
Published: January 2023

Background
Reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke efficacy is highly time dependent; therefore, stroke centers are required to further reduce the delays from hospital arrival to treatment efficiently. We developed a visual task management application, Task Calculation Stroke (Task Calc. Stroke: TCS), to facilitate hospital acute ischemic stroke treatment by supporting parallel staff task completion. We evaluated TCS for the reduction of reperfusion therapy delays and improvement of clinical outcomes.

Methods
In this multicenter cohort study, patients were directly admitted to 4 comprehensive stroke centers in Japan and given intravenous tissue plasminogen activator and/or mechanical thrombectomy from June 2018 to December 2020. The research team visited each facility and instructed the staff on TCS use for acute ischemic stroke (training stage), after which the staff used TCS independently (TCS stage). We then compared door‐to‐needle time for intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, door‐to‐puncture time for mechanical thrombectomy, and clinical outcomes at discharge according to the modified Rankin Scale among patients treated before training (original stage), during the training stage, or the TCS stage.

Results

During the study period, 316 patients with acute ischemic stroke received reperfusion therapy; of these, 246 received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator and 162 mechanical thrombectomy (including 92 receiving both the treatments). The mean door‐to‐needle time was significantly reduced from 58.0 minutes in the original stage to 54.6 minutes in the training stage (
P
=0.049) and 47.8 minutes in the TCS stage (
P
<0.001). The door‐to‐puncture time did not change during the training stage; however, in the TCS stage, it significantly reduced from 93.8 minutes in the original stage to 88.5 minutes (
P
=0.004). The distribution of modified Rankin Scale scores at discharge significantly shifted favorably at the TCS stage (
P
=0.003).

Conclusion
In this study, TCS application could reduce workflow time for reperfusion therapy and might have led to improved clinical outcomes.
Act of Fiction: Simultaneously Experienced Multiple Perspectives of (Un)reality When Engaging with Narrative-Based Art
Authors: Amir Einat , Sofaer Joshua , Sams Mikko 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The authors propose a new conception of the mechanism that occurs during a narrative-based art experience—the “Act of Fiction.” They claim that there is no “suspension of disbelief” but rather something more similar to our decision-making systems, enabling us to simultaneously be present in the real and the unreal (fictional). The article’s first part contains a narrative account in which an Act of Fiction takes place; it exemplifies what it also describes. The second part provides an analysis of this phenomenon through a review of current literature and our position on it. The third part proposes an outline for a primary examination of what might be happening in the brain in the experience of an Act of Fiction. The authors conclude by suggesting directions for future research.
Ex Gratia Payments and Reparations: A Missed Opportunity?
Authors: van de Put Steven 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
States have been increasingly engaging in a practice of ex gratia payments during armed conflict as a way to win ‘hearts and minds’ or mitigate local animosity from combat operations that cause civilian loss or damage. These represent voluntary payments for damages which are not the result of a violation of the laws of war. This practice provides a contrast to reparations, which are the result of a legal obligation to remedy breaches of law. This article critically assesses how these two concepts interact with each other. Analysing the current practice, this work argues that ex gratia payments can represent another barrier for victims seeking redress. Crucial here is that these payments are seen as both an explicit and implicit waiver of any future claims. This ignores the potential for synergy between the two concepts on both moral and operational grounds. To better facilitate this potential synergy, this article takes inspiration from some of the human rights jurisprudence surrounding reparations programs and considers ex gratia payments in light of their standards instead of accepting them as a blanket waiver. This would align these payments better with both the operational and moral imperatives underlying these payments.
Effect of Carvedilol Versus Metoprolol on Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Intervention Therapy
Authors: Uğuz Erkan , Kurtul Alparslan , Şen Fatih 
Published: January 2023

Carvedilol can inhibit inflammation, vasoconstriction, and oxidative stress, which play important roles in the development and progression of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). To the best of our knowledge, no studies have investigated the potential effect of carvedilol on the prevalence of CIN after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The present study aimed to determine whether carvedilol use is associated with the development of CIN. A total of 319 patients (mean age, 59.2 ± 12.4 years; 77.7% male) with ACS who underwent urgent PCI at our institution between May 2019 and May 2022 were included prospectively. Overall, 100 and 219 patients were assigned to the carvedilol and metoprolol groups, respectively. The prevalence of CIN was significantly lower in the carvedilol group (6.0%) than in the metoprolol group (18.3%; P = .003). Multivariate analysis revealed that carvedilol use (odds ratio [OR] .250, 95% confidence interval [CI] .092-.677, P = .006), amount of contrast agent (OR 1.004, 95% CI 1.000-1.008, P = .031), and admission estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR .978, 95% CI 0.960-.995, P = .014) were independently associated with the development of CIN. The use of carvedilol may be a promising option for the prevention of CIN in patients with ACS undergoing urgent PCI.
Organizational reputation in executive politics: Citizen-oriented units in the German federal bureaucracy
Authors: Fleischer Julia , Pruin Andree 
Published: January 2023

In recent years, governments have increased their efforts to strengthen the citizen-orientation in policy design. They have established temporary arenas as well as permanent units inside the machinery of government to integrate citizens into policy formulation, leading to a “laboratorization” of central government organizations. We argue that the evolution and role of these units herald new dynamics in the importance of organizational reputation for executive politics. These actors deviate from the classic palette of organizational units inside the machinery of government and thus require their own reputation vis-à-vis various audiences within and outside their parent organization. Based on a comparative case study of two of these units inside the German federal bureaucracy, we show how ambiguous expectations of their audiences challenge their organizational reputation. Both units resolve these tensions by balancing their weaker professional and procedural reputation with a stronger performative and moral reputation. We conclude that government units aiming to improve citizen orientation in policy design may benefit from engaging with citizens as their external audience to compensate for a weaker reputation in the eyes of their audiences inside the government organization. Points for practitioners Many governments have introduced novel means to strengthen citizen-centered policy design, which has led to an emergence of novel units inside central government that differ from traditional bureaucratic structures and procedures. This study analyzes how these new units may build their organizational reputation vis-à-vis internal and external actors in government policymaking. We show that such units assert themselves primarily based on their performative and moral reputation.
Identifying Predictors of Extubation on the day of Passing an SBT in Critically ill Adults
Authors: Patel Sneha , Stollings Joanna L. , Casey Jonathan D. , Wang Li , Rice Todd W. , Semler Matthew W. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction Many patients who pass a spontaneous awakening trial (SAT) and spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) do not undergo extubation that day. We aimed to identify predictors of extubation on the day of passing an SBT and to develop prediction models for extubation among mechanically ventilated patients. Methods In a cohort of mechanically ventilated patients who had passed an SBT in a single, academic medical intensive care unit (ICU) from 2018 to 2019, we developed a logistic regression model for identifying predictors of extubation. Results Of 745 patients in our study, 77% were extubated the day they passed a SBT. Independent predictors of extubation included higher Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) (−2 compared to −4: odds ratio (OR) 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.56 to 2.14), receipt of sedation on the day prior (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.63 to 2.74), absence of diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.59 to 1), absence of neurological illness (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.96), indication for intubation of altered mental status, seizure, or agitation (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.65), and absence of hemodynamic instability or cardiac arrest (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.47 to 0.95). Conclusion and Relevance Patients on mechanical ventilation were more likely to be extubated on the day they passed an SBT if they had higher RASS scores, received sedation the day prior, or did not have diagnosis of sepsis, neurological illness, or hemodynamic instability. Future research should attempt to identify and address modifiable risk factors for failure to extubate after passing an SBT.