bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of invisible lip movements on phonetic perception
Authors: Teramoto W. , Ernst M. O. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe investigated whether ‘invisible’ visual information, i.e., visual information that is not consciously perceived, could affect auditory speech perception. Repeated exposure to McGurk stimuli (auditory /ba/ with visual [ga]) temporarily changes the perception of the auditory /ba/ into a ‘da’ or ‘ga’. This altered auditory percept persists even after the presentation of the McGurk stimuli when the auditory stimulus is presented alone (McGurk aftereffect). We used this and presented the auditory /ba/ either with or without (No Face) a masked face articulating a visual [ba] (Congruent Invisible) or a visual [ga] (Incongruent Invisible). Thus, we measured the extent to which the invisible faces could undo or prolong the McGurk aftereffects. In a further control condition, the incongruent faces remained unmasked and thus visible, resulting in four conditions in total. Visibility was defined by the participants’ subjective dichotomous reports (‘visible’ or ‘invisible’). The results showed that the Congruent Invisible condition reduced the McGurk aftereffects compared with the other conditions, while the Incongruent Invisible condition showed no difference with the No Face condition. These results suggest that ‘invisible’ visual information that is not consciously perceived can affect phonetic perception, but only when visual information is congruent with auditory information.
Exploring the role of human-following robots in supporting the mobility and wellbeing of older people
Authors: Li Shuo , Milligan Kirsty , Blythe Phil , Zhang Yanghanzi , Edwards Simon , Palmarini Nic , Corner Lynne , Ji Yanjie , Zhang Fan , Namdeo Anil 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the ever-pressing challenges of societal ageing, robotic technologies for older people are increasingly portrayed as a solution for better independent living for longer. However, the application of human-following robots for elderly citizens has not yet been considered, and any prospective benefits offered by the technology for active ageing have previously been overlooked. This qualitative research aimed to explore older people’s needs and requirements towards the human-following robot through the reflexive thematic analysis of semi-structured interview data from 17 independent older adults, supported by a video-based demonstration of the robot. The results indicate that older people believed that human-following robot has the potential to provide social benefits to an independent older adult by encouraging walking trips and prompting social interaction with others in the community. Practical limitations and cost of the robot are barriers to adoption at present. The findings indicate that there is potential for human-following robots to support active ageing, through increasing opportunities for the social participation of an older adult, but further development of the robot is needed for this potential to be realised.
Human immune and gut microbial parameters associated with inter-individual variations in COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-induced immunity
Authors: Hirota Masato , Tamai Miho , Yukawa Sachie , Taira Naoyuki , Matthews Melissa M. , Toma Takeshi , Seto Yu , Yoshida Makiko , Toguchi Sakura , Miyagi Mio , Mori Tomoari , Tomori Hiroaki , Tamai Osamu , Kina Mitsuo , Sakihara Eishin , Yamashiro Chiaki , Miyagi Masatake , Tamaki Kentaro , Wolf Matthias , Collins Mary K. , Kitano Hiroaki , Ishikawa Hiroki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 mRNA vaccines induce protective adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in most individuals, but there is wide variation in levels of vaccine-induced antibody and T-cell responses. However, the mechanisms underlying this inter-individual variation remain unclear. Here, using a systems biology approach based on multi-omics analyses of human blood and stool samples, we identified several factors that are associated with COVID-19 vaccine-induced adaptive immune responses. BNT162b2-induced T cell response is positively associated with late monocyte responses and inversely associated with baseline mRNA expression of activation protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factors. Interestingly, the gut microbial fucose/rhamnose degradation pathway is positively correlated with mRNA expression of AP-1, as well as a gene encoding an enzyme producing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which promotes AP-1 expression, and inversely correlated with BNT162b2-induced T-cell responses. These results suggest that baseline AP-1 expression, which is affected by commensal microbial activity, is a negative correlate of BNT162b2-induced T-cell responses.
Recreation of an antigen-driven germinal center in vitro by providing B cells with phagocytic antigen
Authors: Martínez-Riaño Ana , Delgado Pilar , Tercero Rut , Barrero Sara , Mendoza Pilar , Oeste Clara L. , Abia David , Rodríguez-Bovolenta Elena , Turner Martin , Alarcón Balbino 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSuccessful vaccines rely on activating a functional humoral immune response through the generation of class-switched high affinity immunoglobulins (Igs). The germinal center (GC) reaction is crucial for this process, in which B cells are selected in their search for antigen and T cell help. A major hurdle to understand the mechanisms of B cell:T cell cooperation has been the lack of an antigen-specific in vitro GC system. Here we report the generation of antigen-specific, high-affinity, class-switched Igs in simple 2-cell type cultures of naive B and T cells. B cell antigen uptake by phagocytosis is key to generate these Igs. We have used the method to interrogate if T cells confer directional help to cognate B cells that present antigen and to bystander B cells. We find that bystander B cells do not generate class-switched antibodies due to a defective formation of T-B conjugates and an early conversion into memory B cells.
Remote focused encoding and decoding of electric fields through acoustoelectric heterodyning
Authors: Rintoul Jean L. , Neufeld Esra , Butler Chris , Cleveland Robin O. , Grossman Nir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHeterodyning of signals through physical multiplication is the building block of numerous modern technologies. Yet, it has been mostly limited to the interaction between electromagnetic fields. Here, we report that heterodyning occurs also between acoustic and electric fields in liquid electrolytes. We predict acoustoelectric heterodyning via computational field modelling, which accounts for the vector nature of the electrolytic acoustoelectric interaction. We then experimentally validate the spatiotemporal characteristics of the field emerging from the acoustoelectric heterodyning effect. The electric field distribution generated by the applied fields can be controlled by the propagating acoustic field and the orientation of the applied electric field, enabling the focusing of the resulting electric field at remote locations. Finally, we demonstrate detection of multi-frequency ionic currents at a distant focal location via signal demodulation using pressure waves in electrolytic liquids. As such, acoustoelectric heterodyning could open possibilities in non-invasive biomedical and bioelectronics applications.
Inferring early genetic progression in cancers with unobtainable premalignant disease
Authors: Leshchiner Ignaty , Mroz Edmund A. , Cha Justin , Rosebrock Daniel , Spiro Oliver , Bonilla-Velez Juliana , Faquin William C. , Lefranc-Torres Armida , Lin Derrick T. , Michaud William A. , Getz Gad , Rocco James W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAnalysis of premalignant tissue has identified the typical order of somatic events leading to invasive tumors in several cancer types. For other cancers, premalignant tissue is unobtainable, leaving genetic progression unknown. Here, we demonstrate how to infer progression from exome sequencing of primary tumors. Our computational method, PhylogicNDT, recapitulated the previous experimentally determined genetic progression of human papillomavirus-negative (HPV–) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). We then evaluated HPV+HNSCC, which lacks premalignant tissue, and uncovered its previously unknown progression, identifying early drivers. We converted relative timing estimates of driver mutations and HPV integration to years before diagnosis based on a clock-like mutational signature. We associated the timing of transitions to aneuploidy with increased intratumor genetic heterogeneity and shorter overall survival. Our approach can establish previously unknown early genetic progression of cancers with unobtainable premalignant tissue, supporting development of experimental models and methods for early detection, interception and prognostication.
Ex vivo drug response heterogeneity reveals personalized therapeutic strategies for patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Kropivsek Klara , Kachel Paul , Goetze Sandra , Wegmann Rebekka , Festl Yasmin , Severin Yannik , Hale Benjamin D. , Mena Julien , van Drogen Audrey , Dietliker Nadja , Tchinda Joëlle , Wollscheid Bernd , Manz Markus G. , Snijder Berend 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy defined by complex genetics and extensive patient heterogeneity. Despite a growing arsenal of approved therapies, MM remains incurable and in need of guidelines to identify effective personalized treatments. Here, we survey the ex vivo drug and immunotherapy sensitivities across 101 bone marrow samples from 70 patients with MM using multiplexed immunofluorescence, automated microscopy and deep-learning-based single-cell phenotyping. Combined with sample-matched genetics, proteotyping and cytokine profiling, we map the molecular regulatory network of drug sensitivity, implicating the DNA repair pathway and EYA3 expression in proteasome inhibitor sensitivity and major histocompatibility complex class II expression in the response to elotuzumab. Globally, ex vivo drug sensitivity associated with bone marrow microenvironmental signatures reflecting treatment stage, clonality and inflammation. Furthermore, ex vivo drug sensitivity significantly stratified clinical treatment responses, including to immunotherapy. Taken together, our study provides molecular and actionable insights into diverse treatment strategies for patients with MM.
CD103+ regulatory T cells underlie resistance to radio-immunotherapy and impair CD8+ T cell activation in glioblastoma
Authors: van Hooren Luuk , Handgraaf Shanna M. , Kloosterman Daan J. , Karimi Elham , van Mil Lotte W.H.G. , Gassama Awa A. , Solsona Beatriz Gomez , de Groot Marnix H. P. , Brandsma Dieta , Quail Daniela F. , Walsh Logan A. , Borst Gerben R. , Akkari Leila 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlioblastomas are aggressive primary brain tumors with an inherent resistance to T cell-centric immunotherapy due to their low mutational burden and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Here we report that fractionated radiotherapy of preclinical glioblastoma models induce a tenfold increase in T cell content. Orthogonally, spatial imaging mass cytometry shows T cell enrichment in human recurrent tumors compared with matched primary glioblastoma. In glioblastoma-bearing mice, α-PD-1 treatment applied at the peak of T cell infiltration post-radiotherapy results in a modest survival benefit compared with concurrent α-PD-1 administration. Following α-PD-1 therapy, CD103+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) with upregulated lipid metabolism accumulate in the tumor microenvironment, and restrain immune checkpoint blockade response by repressing CD8+ T cell activation. Treg targeting elicits tertiary lymphoid structure formation, enhances CD4+ and CD8+ T cell frequency and function and unleashes radio-immunotherapeutic efficacy. These results support the rational design of therapeutic regimens limiting the induction of immunosuppressive feedback pathways in the context of T cell immunotherapy in glioblastoma.
Calculation of no‐load induced electromotive force of pole changing line‐start permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Tian Mengmeng , Karimi Hamid Reza , Li Yueyang , Wang Xiuhe , Zhao Wenliang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPole changing line‐start permanent magnet synchronous motor (LSPMSM) can significantly improve the starting capability of LSPMSM by decreasing the braking torque and pulsating torque during starting process. The fundamental reason for the elimination of braking torque is that there is no generating effect during minor‐pole starting process. That is to say, induced electromotive force (EMF) does not exist when the magnetic field generated by multi‐pole rotor PMs cut the minor‐pole stator winding. Therefore, the induced EMF of pole changing LSPMSM is analysed theoretically and calculated analytically. Considering that the magnetic flux per pole of the coils under the adjacent pole are different, the induced EMFs of a conductor, a full‐pitch coil, a coil group in minor‐pole stator winding are, respectively, calculated, and then the general analytical expression of the induced EMF of a phase winding with different rotor/stator pole ratio is derived. Then, the motors with different rotor/stator pole ratios are simulated based on finite element method to obtain the corresponding EMFs. Meanwhile, a 6/8 pole changing LSPMSM is taken as prototype. The consistency of the simulation, experiment, and the analytical calculation results effectively verify the validity of the derived general analytical expression and theoretical analysis.
Efficient dense attention fusion network with channel correlation loss for road damage detection
Authors: Liu Zihan , Jing Kaifeng , Yang Kai , Zhang ZhiJun , Li Xijie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRoad damage detection (RDD) is critical to society's safety and the efficient allocation of resources. Most road damage detection methods which directly adopt various object detection models face some significant challenges due to the characteristics of the RDD task. First, the damaged objects in the road images are highly diverse in scales and difficult to differentiate, making it more challenging than other tasks. Second, existing methods neglect the relationship between the feature distribution and model structure, which makes it difficult for optimization. To address these challenges, this study proposes an efficient dense attention fusion network with channel correlation loss for road damage detection. First, the K‐Means++ algorithm is applied for data preprocessing to optimize the initial cluster centers and improve the model detection accuracy. Second, a dense attention fusion module is proposed to learn spatial‐spectral attention to enhance multi‐scale fusion features and improve the ability of the model to detect damage areas at different scales. Third, the channel correlation loss is adopted in the class prediction process to maintain the separability of intra and inter‐class. The experimental results on the collected RDDA dataset and RDD2022 dataset show that the proposed method achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance.
A Deep Learning‐to‐learning Based Control system for renewable microgrids
Authors: Mohammadi Hossein , Jokar Shiva , Mohammadi Mojtaba , Kavousi Fard Abdollah , Dabbaghjamanesh Morteza , Karimi Mazaher 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn terms of microgrids (MGs) operation, optimal control and management are vital issues that must be addressed carefully. This paper proposes a practical framework for the optimal energy management and control of renewable MGs considering energy storage (ES) devices, wind turbines, and microturbines. Due to the non‐linearity and complexity of operation problems in MGs, it is vital to use an accurate and robust optimization technique to control the power flow of units efficiently. To this end, in the proposed framework, teacher learning‐based optimization (TLBO) is utilized to solve the power flow dispatch in the system efficiently. Moreover, a novel hybrid deep learning model based on principal component analysis (PCA), convolutional neural networks (CNN), and bidirectional long short‐term memory (BLSTM) is proposed to address the short‐term wind power forecasting problem. The feasibility and performance of the proposed framework and the effect of wind power forecasting on operation efficiency are examined using the IEEE 33‐bus test system. Also, the Australian Woolnorth wind site data is utilized as a real‐world dataset to evaluate the performance of the forecasting model. The results show that the proposed framework can be used to schedule MGs in the best way possible.
A study of football goal trajectories of trained players through a kinetic model
Authors: Zi Ming , Gao Dan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTraining on shooting technique can effectively improve the score in football games. This paper constructed a kinetic model of the football during its flight based on the Newton's second law after analyzing the force during flying and proposed to solve the model with numerical simulation before drawing the simulation trajectories of a flying football. The results showed that the kinetic model effectively simulated the flight trajectory of the football. The further the distance of the shot was, the lower the average hit rate of the football was, and the more the football flight trajectory deviated from the reference trajectory; however, after the training assisted by the kinetic model, not only the average hit rate was improved, but also the average deviation of the flight trajectory was reduced.
Incidence of Intestinal Constipation During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Medical Students from a Private Institution in São Paulo, SP
Authors: Neto Isaac José Felippe Corrêa , Silva Alisson de Lucena , Tajiri Renato Cardoso de Melo , Theis Cláudia , Schelle Gabriela , Pinto Rodrigo Ambar , Nishiyama Victor Keniti Gomes , Robles Laercio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction Chronic intestinal constipation (CIC) presents an incidence of 2.6 to 30.7% in the overall population and due to the social reality imposed by the coronavirus pandemic, some behavior changes in the Brazilian population occurred that might or not be associated with alterations of CIC prevalence.
Objective To assess CIC incidence in medical students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil in a private higher educational institution in the city of São Paulo, state of São Paulo.
Methods Clinic data were collected through Google Forms software from the same students seeking to analyze the variables before (year of 2019) and during the coronavirus pandemic. The data were: age, sex, body mass index, constipation referred in a subjective way and confirmed through the ROME III criteria, feces consistency and anxiety and/or depression during the pandemic.
Results A total of 126 medical students from a private higher education institution from São Paulo, SP were included. The average age was 22.9 years old, 70.6% were female and the average BMI was 23.3 kg/m2. Regarding the ROME III criteria, 32.5% presented > 2 in 2019 and 42.1% during the pandemic. Concerning the feces consistency, 31.75 and 35.71% presented dry Bristol 1 feces or in both periods, respectively.
Conclusion It was observed an increase in the prevalence of chronic intestinal constipation in medical students from a private higher education institution from São Paulo, state of São Paulo, during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as dryness in the feces.
Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract (LIFT) for the Treatment of Anal Fistula: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Hidalgo-Grau L.A. , Ruiz-Edo N. , Estrada-Ferrer O. , García-Torralbo E.M. , del Bas-Rubia M. , Clos-Ferrero P. , Bombuy-Giménez E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background The ligation of intersphincteric fistula fract (LIFT) technique avoids postoperative anal continence disturbances and preserves quality of life.
Methods A total of 70 patients with anal fistula (AF) were treated in the Day Surgery Unit. The LIFT technique was the primary treatment in 63 patients. The other had previously undergone placement of a loose seton (two-step approach). The mean follow-up was 66.8 months. Statistical analysis was performed using contingency tables, the chi-square test, and the Student T-test.
Results The use of LIFT was successful in 40 patients (57.1%). However, 6 patients (8.6%) presented persistence of postoperative intersphincteric fistula, being successfully treated by fistulotomy. There were no differences in this technique's success rate between high and low AF (p = 0.45). The success rate of one-step LIFT, however, was significantly higher (p = 0.03). No disturbances of continence were observed.
Conclusions The LIFT technique has a role in the treatment of AF, is suitable for ambulatory surgery, and has a low complications rate. A two-step approach is not always needed.
Short-Term Outcomes of Laparoscopic-Assisted Colectomy versus Open Colectomy in Patients with Colonic Carcinoma: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Baz Yasser , Orban Yasser A. , Ezzat Mohammed M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction The second most common cause of cancer-related mortality is colorectal cancer, and laparoscopic-assisted colectomy (LAC) has gained popularity among surgeons as an alternative to the conventional approach, which is open colecrtomy (OC). The differences between LAC and OC in terms of short-term outcomes have not been well documented, and the aim of the present work is to compare the short-term outcomes of both procedures.
Materials and Methods The present prospective study comprised 164 participants submitted to LAC (n = 82) and OC (n = 82) at the Helwan and Zagazig University hospitals between January 2018 and January 2022. We collected and analyzed demographic data, surgical data, and the short-term outcomes.
Results The LAC group had a significantly lower estimated amount of blood loss, shorter hospital stay, lower rates of incisional surgical site infection, and fewer cases of burst abdomen postoperatively, but with a considerably longer operative time (30.3 minutes) than the OC group.
Conclusions Our findings show that LAC is favorable option to OC, with superior outcomes.
Prolonged Fasting as a Cause of Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Case Report
Authors: Roberge Guillaume , Samson Carine , Le Gal Grégoire , Calabrino Anthony 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Intermittent fasting is becoming more popular as health benefits are described in recent literature. Various forms of fasting exist, one of them involving a zero-calorie diet and drinking only water. However, the safety of water-only fasting is still not well established. We report a case of a man who developed a lower limb deep vein thrombosis at the end of a 2-week water-only fasting and characterized by an initial period of 5 days of no food and no water intake. We reviewed literature regarding potential links between fasting and venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Clinical Approach We believe that fasting can induce important dehydration, leading to hypercoagulability and then contribute to the development of a venous thrombosis. The patient was treated with apixaban for 3 months as is recommended in patients with a provoked event caused by a transient risk factor. No thrombotic recurrence was observed during the 6-month follow-up.
Conclusion The public needs to be aware of the potential life-threatening complications associated with important dehydration in the setting of medically unsupervised fasting, and these might include VTE. Whether a VTE with dehydration as the only identified risk factor should be approached as a low recurrence risk situation or not still needs to be clarified.