bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal trajectories of adult sibling relationship quality and psychological well‐being: The effect of childhood maltreatment
Authors: Kong Jooyoung , Homan Kristin J. , Goldberg Jaime 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study examined (a) the effect of childhood maltreatment on the trajectory of emotional closeness with siblings and (b) whether and how a history of childhood maltreatment affects the longitudinal association between emotional closeness with siblings and older adults' psychological well‐being.BackgroundPrior studies have suggested that childhood maltreatment may have lasting adverse effects on later‐life relationships with family members of origin, which may include adult siblings.MethodsWe used three‐wave data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. Latent growth curve modeling was conducted to examine the associations between perceived sibling closeness and the psychological well‐being of 4,736 older adults.ResultsOur findings showed that the trajectory of perceived sibling closeness differed between older adults who experienced childhood maltreatment and those who did not. Perceived sibling closeness was lower at baseline for those who experienced maltreatment and did not change over time, whereas perceived sibling closeness increased over time for those who did not experience maltreatment. Further, older adults who reported greater sibling closeness over time showed less of a decline in psychological well‐being, of which patterns did not differ between the maltreated and nonmaltreated groups.ConclusionChildhood maltreatment was found to have long‐term negative effects on the emotional quality of sibling relationships in late adulthood.ImplicationsMore research is needed to explore potential mechanisms that explain these lifelong associations, which will inform the development of timely interventions that can help reduce the long‐lasting influence of adverse childhood experiences on the dynamics and relationships in later‐life families.
Frailty but not low muscle quality nor sarcopenia is independently associated with mortality among previously hospitalized older adults: A prospective study
Authors: da Costa Pereira Jarson Pedro , Diniz Alcides da Silva , de Lemos Maria Conceição Chaves , Pinho Ramiro Cláudia Porto Sabino , Cabral Poliana Coelho 
Published: September 2023

AimThere are few studies comparing the effects of geriatric syndromes and abnormalities in nutritional status and body composition on outcomes among older individuals who have been previously hospitalized. Our study aimed to evaluate the frequency and diagnosis of geriatric syndromes, low muscle quality, and nutritional status in hospitalized older individuals, and to examine their impact on both short‐ and long‐term outcomes.MethodsThis was a prospective study involving older adults (≥60 years). We assessed nutritional status, muscle quality, sarcopenia, and frailty. The outcomes were functional dependence, length of hospital stay, transfer to the Intensive Care Unit, number of readmissions, and mortality. Multivariate analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors.ResultsEven after adjustment for age and sex, increased risk of death was associated with possible undernourishment, sarcopenia, low muscle quality, and frailty (P < 0.05), but not the length of hospital stay (P > 0.05). Our multivariate analysis showed that frailty was independently associated with mortality and functional dependence. Low muscle quality was independently associated with functional dependence.ConclusionsGeriatric syndromes, abnormalities in body composition, and the overall nutritional status of older patients are important risk factors for adverse outcomes, including functional dependence and mortality. These findings emphasize the need for interventions to improve muscle quality, prevent and treat malnutrition and sarcopenia, and address frailty in hospitalized patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 736–743.
Prevalence and perceptions of pain in people with haemophilia: A UK study
Authors: Khair Kate , McLaughlin Paul , Roussel Nathalie , Boyton Matthew , Holland Mike 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionJoint bleeds in haemophilia cause destruction of articular structures, impaired function and pain. Up to 70% of people with haemophilia (PWH) report chronic pain. Little is known about the pain experiences in PWH in the UK.AimTo identify prevalence and perceptions of pain among PWH living in the UK.MethodsA cross‐sectional, non‐interventional survey study conducted among PWH (all severities). The survey incorporated elements from validated tools (EQ‐5D; EQ‐VAS) and was distributed via participating treatment centres.ResultsFive hundred and ninety‐nine PWH responded, 91% aged > 18. 81% used factor prophylactically or on demand. More pain was reported by those treated on demand versus prophylaxis particularly in those who reported daily pain. 65% reported ‘problem joints’ based on individual impact rather than medically defined ‘target joints’, 2/3 reported multiple joint issues. The ankle was most commonly affected. 59% reported frequent pain, with 56% aware of pain constantly or most of the time and were more likely to report less favourable EQ‐5D or EQ‐VAS scores (p < .001). Pain frequency/awareness was consistent across all severities. Most discussed pain with care teams, 31% only when asked; 25% did not discuss it. Pain discussions resulted in physiotherapy referral (63%) analgesia prescription (48%), and a minority specialist pain referral (9%). Most felt well supported with regard to their pain, but 70% reported learning to live with it.ConclusionPain affects PWH of all ages and severities even in a well‐resourced country significantly impacting quality of life. Clinicians must be more aware of chronic pain in PWH. Biopsychosocial approaches to pain assessment and management are recommended.
Common risk factors for dental caries and impaired glucose regulation in Guangxi, China
Authors: Chen Shaoyong , Liu Qiulin , Yu Xueting , Zeng Xiaojuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of caries and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and try to investigate their common risk factors among adult residents in Guangxi province.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted on a sample of 2993 adults from five different areas of Guangxi province. The sociodemographic data, history of personal habits such as diet and physical activities, physical measurements, oral examination results and biochemical laboratory test data were collected to establish a database and prepare a sound research model. Chi‐square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyse the risk factors for dental caries and IGR.ResultsThe prevalence rate for caries was 85.9%, and the mean DMFT score was 7.35. In multiple logistic regression, after adjustment, education level, occupation, daily consumption of vegetables, weekly consumption of carbonated beverages and weekly exercise were associated with caries (odds ratio [OR]: 2.10, OR: 1.80, OR: 1.40, OR: 2.45, OR: 2.38). The prevalence of IGR was 33.5%, and after adjustment, results showed that occupation, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, high‐density lipoprotein‐C levels and low‐density lipoprotein‐C levels were significantly associated with IGR (OR: 0.80, OR: 1.70, OR: 1.56, OR: 1.88, OR: 1.60, OR: 1.43, OR: 1.48). The strength of association between caries/IGR and risk factors was a weak association or moderate association.ConclusionsWe have not found common risk factors between dental caries and IGR. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore these common risk factors to prevent caries and IGR.
Problematic social media use and overweight/obesity: explanatory pathway analysis of 124 667 in‐school adolescents in 39 high‐income countries
Authors: Oduro Michael Safo , Katey Daniel , Morgan Anthony Kwame , Peprah Prince 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundThe relationship between adolescent problematic social media use (PSMU) and overweight/obesity and the potential explanatory pathways for this association are unclear. This study (1) examined the relationship between PSMU and overweight/obesity and (2) evaluated potential explanatory pathways for this association.MethodsThe data used in this study came from the 2018 Health Behaviour in School‐aged Children (HBSC) survey. A sample of 124 667 in‐school adolescents from 39 high‐income countries was analysed. Sequential logistic regressions were used to estimate the association between PSMU and overweight/obesity. Pathway analysis using a non‐parametric bootstrapping technique tested the hypothesized mediating roles.ResultsThe multivariable logistic regressions indicated that higher problematic social media users were 1.11 times more likely to be overweight/obese compared with those who reported low PSMU (AOR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.05–1.18). Our bootstrapping mediation analyses showed that PSMU indirectly influenced overweight/obesity through breakfast skipping, life satisfaction, family communication, self‐rated health, and physical activity, accounting for 19.8% (β = 0.0068, Boots 95% CI = 0.0056–0.0074), 15.1% (β = 0.0050, Boots 95% CI = 0.0046–0.0056), 9.2% (β = 0.0031, Boots 95% CI = 0.0024–0.0038), 7.8% (β = 0.0024, Boots 95% CI = 0.001–0.004), and 5.2% (β = 0.0017, Boots 95% CI = 0.0014–0.0023), respectively, of the total effect.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that used nationally representative data from multiple countries in high‐income countries to examine the association between PSMU and overweight/obesity and potential explanatory pathways among school‐going adolescents. This finding has important implications for public health interventions to reduce overweight/obesity rates among young people.
Celebrating 100 years of Immunology & Cell Biology – a special focus on the field of tumor immunology in Australia
Authors: Kumari Snehlata , Zemek Rachael M , Palendira Umaimainthan , Ebert Lisa M 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this Commentary article, as part of the 100‐year celebrations of the journal, we reflect on the contribution of articles published in ICB in the field of tumor immunology. A highlight is a series of interviews conducted with three Australian‐based ICB authors who have contributed key papers over the years: Rajiv Khanna, Delia Nelson and Ian Frazer.
Observations of interventricular septal behavior during left bundle branch pacing
Authors: Ponnusamy Shunmuga Sundaram , Ganesan Vidhya , Anand Vijesh , Vadivelu Ramalingam , Kumar Mahesh , Mariappan Selvaganesh , Murugan Senthil , Vijayaraman Pugazhendhi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionLeft bundle branch pacing (LBBP) involves the deployment of the lead deep inside the septum. Penetration of the septum by the lead depends on the texture of the septum, rapidity of rotations, operator experience, and implantation tools.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to assess the behavior of the lumenless lead during rapid rotations and the physiological property of the interventricular septum(IVS) during LBBP.MethodsPatients undergoing LBBP between January 2021 and December 2022 were retrospectively included in the study.ResultsAmong 255 attempted patients, 20 (7.9%) had procedural failure(no LBB capture—four, inability to penetrate septum—seven, and dislodgements after sheath removal—nine). Septal penetration achieved in 248/255 patients (97.2%). Lead movement inside the IVS was assessed by lead traverse time. Based on the behavior of the IVS (n = 255), three different responses were noted. Type‐I response(normal/firm septum) in 93.7% (n = 239) characterized by constant and progressive movement of lead. Neither perforation nor further change in premature‐ventricular‐complex morphology beyond M‐beat were observed despite additional few unintentional rotations indicating the protective mechanism of LV‐endocardium. Type‐II response(soft/cheesy septum) in 3.5% (n = 9) characterized by hyper‐movement of lead without resistance due to altered texture of septum and poor LV subendocardial barrier resulting in perforation. No patients in this group had LV dysfunction or associated coronary artery disease. In type‐III response, seen in 2.8% (n = 7), lead could not be penetrated due to scar in IVS.ConclusionThree different patterns of responses were observed during LBBP. The most distinct type‐ll response was associated with soft/cheesy septum with hyper‐movement of the lead predisposing for future dislodgments in patients without structural heart disease.
Microglia contribute to cognitive decline in hypercholesterolemic LDLr−/− mice
Authors: Rodrigues Matheus Scarpatto , do Nascimento Natalia Baltazar , Farias Hemelin Resende , Schons Taina , Machado Alessandra Gonçalves , Behenck Eduarda , Mesquita Ariadni , Krolow Bast Rachel , Budni Josiani , Engblom David , de Bem Andreza Fabro , de Oliveira Jade 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, which leads to an excessive increase in plasma LDL cholesterol levels. Previous studies have shown that FH is associated with gliosis, blood–brain barrier dysfunction, and memory impairment, but the mechanisms associated with these events are still not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of microgliosis in the neurochemical and behavioral changes associated with FH using LDL receptor knockout (LDLr−/−) mice. We noticed that microgliosis was more severe in the hippocampus of middle‐aged LDLr−/− mice, which was accompanied by microglial morphological changes and alterations in the immunocontent of synaptic protein markers. At three months of age, the LDLr−/− mice already showed increased microgliosis and decreased immunocontent of claudin‐5 in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Subsequently, 6‐month‐old male C57BL/6 wild‐type and LDLr−/− mice were treated once daily for 30 days with minocycline (a pharmacological inhibitor of microglial cell reactivity) or vehicle (saline). Adult LDLr−/− mice displayed significant hippocampal memory impairment, which was ameliorated by minocycline treatment. Non‐treated LDLr−/− mice showed increased microglial density in all hippocampal regions analyzed, a process that was not altered by minocycline treatment. Region‐specific microglial morphological analysis revealed different effects of genotype or minocycline treatment on microglial morphology, depending on the hippocampal subregion analyzed. Moreover, 6‐month‐old LDLr−/− mice exhibited a slight but not significant increase in IBA‐1 immunoreactivity in the PFC, which was reduced by minocycline treatment without altering microglial morphology. Minocycline treatment also reduced the presence of microglia within the perivascular area in both the PFC and hippocampus of LDLr−/− mice. However, no significant effects of either genotype or minocycline treatment were observed regarding the phagocytic activity of microglia in the PFC and hippocampus. Our results demonstrate that hippocampal microgliosis, microglial morphological changes, and the presence of these glial cells in the perivascular area, but not increased microglial phagocytic activity, are associated with cognitive deficits in a mouse model of FH.image
Changes in the diagnosis of depression among nursing professionals during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A longitudinal study
Authors: Kantorski Luciane Prado , dos Santos Treichel Carlos Alberto , LA‐Rotta Ehideé Isabel Gómez , Munhoz Tiago Neuenfeld , de Oliveira Michele Mandagará , Alves Poliana Farias 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo identify changes in mental health status among nursing professionals in a Brazilian municipality during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignAn observational and longitudinal study.MethodsUsing the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, the presence of depressive symptoms was evaluated among 690 nursing professionals in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, at two moments: June/July 2020 and June/July 2021.Results13.0% incidence of depressive symptoms was identified; as well as 12.2% remission; 24.1% persistence and 50.7% absence. Among the factors associated with the worst prognoses we can mention female gender, greater workload, feeling of overload, illness of family members or friends due to COVID‐19 and use of psychotropic drugsConclusionsThere was significant mobility in the diagnosis of depression among the professionals studied during the period analysed, with incidence of new cases of significant depression and greater than the number of remissions. In addition to sociodemographic aspects, traumatic experiences and exposure to continuous overload were associated with persistence and incidence of new cases.Implications for the profession and/or patient careWith the advent of the COVID‐19 pandemic, several studies have shown an increase in depressive symptoms among nursing professionals; however, understanding the long‐term effects of this scenario is still a challenge.ImpactWhat problem did the study address? This study investigates changes in the mental health status of nursing professionals working at different care levels, taking the prevalence of screening for depression as a proxy, during a period of a year during the COVID‐19 pandemic.What were the main findings? Between both data collection moments, 2020 e 2021, there was a significant percentage of professionals with persistent depression, in addition to a significant proportion of incident cases that slightly exceeded the number of remissions and the factors associated with the worst prognoses were sociodemographic aspects such as gender and emotional stressors like illness of family members or close friends due to COVID‐19, in addition to those related to the organisation and support provided by the services, such as workload and feeling of overload.Where and on whom will the research have an impact? This study will impact the nursing professionals and in role of the health services in order to establishing actions that contribute to minimising the deleterious effects of the pandemic on the mental health of their Nursing teams.Reporting methodThe Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines were adopted in this study.Patient or public contributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
The effect of oscillometric blood pressure measurement on pain response in preterm infants
Authors: Kavurt Sumru , Arslan Zehra , Unal Sezin , Bas Ahmet Yagmur , Demirel Nihal 
Published: September 2023

AimPreterm neonates are exposed to many painful procedures in neonatal intensive care units. This study aims to evaluate the effect of oscillometric blood pressure (BP) measurement on pain response in preterm infants.MethodsThis prospective study was performed over 4 months in a level III neonatal intensive care unit. Premature neonates whose gestational age was <34 weeks and postmenstrual age <36 weeks were included if they had no systemic diseases. BP measurement was performed on the right arm. The Premature Infant Pain Profile‐Revised (PIPP‐R) scores were evaluated three times before, during, and 10 min after BP measurement.ResultsDuring the 5‐month period, 100 preterm neonates (53 male infants) were included in the study. Median birth weight and gestational age of the infants were 1148 (IQR: 1015–1300) g and 28 (IQR: 27–30) weeks, respectively. PIPP‐R scores were found to be ≥7 in 34% of neonates. PIPP‐R scores increased during BP measurement and decreased after.ConclusionOur results demonstrated that oscillometric BP measurement which is generally accepted as a non‐invasive tool for monitoring can produce mild pain in premature neonates of postmenstrual age <36 weeks.
Albertania and Egbenema gen. nov. from Nigeria and the United States, expanding biodiversity in the Oculatellaceae (cyanobacteria)
Authors: Akagha Mildred U. , Pietrasiak Nicole , Bustos David F. , Vondrášková Alžběta , Lamb Sandra C. , Johansen Jeffrey R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKnowledge of the tropical terrestrial cyanobacterial flora from the African continent is still limited. Of 31 strains isolated from soil and subaerial samples collected in Lagos State, Nigeria, three were found to be in the Oculatellaceae, including two species in a new genus. Subsequently, isolates from microbial mats in White Sands National Park in New Mexico, United States, and from a rock near the ocean in Puerto Rico, United States, were found to belong to the new genus as well. Cyanobacterial isolates were characterized microscopically, sequenced for the 16S rRNA gene and associated ITS region, and phylogenetically analyzed. Egbenema gen. nov., with three new species, as well as two new species of Albertania were differentiated from all other Oculatellaceae. Both genera belong to a supported clade within the Oculatellaceae that includes Trichotorquatus and Komarkovaea. The two new species of Albertania, A. egbensis and A. latericola, were from the same sample, but were evolutionarily separate based on 16S rRNA gene phylogenies, percent identity below the 98.7% threshold, and ITS rRNA percent dissimilarity >7.0%. Egbenema aeruginosum gen. et sp. nov. was phylogenetically separated from Trichotorquatus and Albertania but was in a clade with other strains belonging to Egbenema. The two Egbenema strains from the United States are here named Egbenema epilithicum sp. nov. and Egbenema gypsiphilum sp. nov. Our results support the hypothesis that further species discoveries of novel cyanobacteria will likely be made in soils and subaerial habitats, as these habitats continue to be studied, both in tropical and temperate biomes.
Preliminary evidence of psychological improvements and increased maternal–fetal attachment associated with a mindfulness sleep programme: secondary analysis of uncontrolled data in 11 pregnant women with insomnia disorder
Authors: Kalmbach David A. , Reffi Anthony N. , Ong Jason C. , Cheng Philip , Walch Olivia , Pitts D'Angela S. , Seymour Grace M. , Hirata Mika , Roth Andrea , Roth Thomas , Drake Christopher L. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryTreating insomnia during pregnancy improves sleep and depressed mood. However, given well‐established links between poor sleep and a broad spectrum of adverse maternal outcomes, the benefits of insomnia care may reach beyond sleep and depression. The present study evaluated the preliminary efficacy of ‘Perinatal Understanding of Mindful Awareness for Sleep’ (PUMAS)—a mindfulness sleep programme tailored to pregnancy that combines behavioural sleep strategies and meditation—for enhancing everyday mindfulness and maternal–fetal attachment, as well as for alleviating anxiety, repetitive thinking, and sleep‐related daytime impairment. We conducted a secondary analysis of a single‐arm proof‐of‐concept trial of 11 pregnant women with fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnosed insomnia disorder who completed PUMAS (six sessions), which was delivered in an individual format via telemedicine video. Pre‐ and post‐treatment outcomes included the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale‐Revised (CAMS‐R), Maternal–Fetal Attachment Scale (MFAS), Generalised Anxiety Disorder seven‐item survey (GAD‐7), Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (PTQ), Daytime Insomnia Symptoms Response Scale (DISRS), and the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Sleep‐Related Impairment Scale (PROMIS‐SRI). Symptom changes were evaluated with paired‐samples t tests. Results showed PUMAS patients reported large increases in CAMS‐R (Cohen's dz = 1.81) and medium‐large increases in MFAS scores (Cohen's dz = 0.73). Moreover, PUMAS patients reported large reductions in scores on the GAD‐7 (Cohen's dz = 1.09), PTQ (Cohen's dz = 1.26), DISRS (Cohen's dz = 1.38), and PROMIS‐SRI (Cohen's dz = 1.53). Preliminary evidence suggests that a mindfulness‐based perinatal sleep programme may benefit several domains of maternal wellbeing beyond sleep and depression. PUMAS substantially enhanced patient ratings of everyday mindfulness and maternal–fetal attachment, while reporting alleviations in anxiety, perseverative thinking, insomnia‐focused rumination, and sleep‐related daytime impairment.