bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERISTICS OF TRITICUM AESTIUM RESISTANCE GENES TO DISEASE CAUSES AND ANALYSIS OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS
Authors: Chupryna Yu. , Bliznjuk O. , Masalitina N. , Belinska A. 
Published: January 2023

The dominance of resistance of host plants and the recessive virulence of parasites are the result of their co-evolution with the host, which is the main partner. However, mutant resistance genes are usually recessive. Distant hybridization is needed to replenish the resistance gene pool. The larger the area planted with a resistant variety, the more sensitive it becomes. Resistance genes are reduced during reproduction. The genes currently used for resistance to leaf rust, stem rust, yellow rust and powdery mildew are all from wheatgrass, rye, heliops etc. The search for ecologically safe and effective means of preserving crops of valuable productive crops led to the formation of alternative protective methods. Among them is the use of biological preparations, the basis of which is the principle of antagonism between different types of microorganisms or the manifestation of their antibiotic activity, in particular, the release of substances toxic to competing organisms into the external environment. The biological method of plant protection is based on a systemic approach, the integrated implementation of two main directions: the preservation and promotion of the activity of natural populations of useful species (entomophages, microorganisms), the self-protection of cultivated plants in agrobiocenoses and the renewal of agrobiocenoses with useful species that are lacking in them or those that are absent.
The fundamental difference between the biological method of plant protection and any other is the use of the first direction, which is carried out using biological preparations, methods of seasonal colonization, introduction and acclimatization of zoophages and microorganisms. The reproduction and efficiency of the activity of beneficial species are facilitated by agrobiotechnical measures and some methods of soil cultivation with the help of which it is possible to create favourable conditions for the life of zoophages. An important agrotechnical measure is the cultivation of varieties of cultural plants resistant to harmful organisms, which contributes to the formation of weakly viable populations of pests.
The collection samples of spring wheat of different ecological and geographical origin were analyzed by pest resistance genes and ecologically stable populations were identified according to their complex and individual resistance to changing environmental climatic conditions. Biological preparations for combating pathogens are characterized.
ANALYTICAL HYPOTHESIS TO SUBSTANTIATE THE FUNDAMENTAL POSSIBILITY OF REGENERATION OF NITROCELLULOSE POWDERS AFTER LONG-TERM STORAGE WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
Authors: Anipko O. , Baulin D. 
Published: January 2023

The experience of storing ammunition shows that during long-term storage, pyroxylin powders used in ammunition are capable of arbitrarily undergoing various physical and chemical transformations, which negatively affects the ballistic characteristics of ammunition. The lack of ammunition production in Ukraine has led to the fact that ammunition is currently in operation, the storage time of which reaches 30–35 years or more.
This article analyzes publications devoted to scientific research related to the problems of ballistic stability of gunpowders.
A number of factors affecting the physicochemical stability of powder charges during their long-term operation are given.
Summarizing data on the change in the main ballistic characteristics of ammunition at different periods of their storage are given.
The analysis of chemical processes occurring in nitrocellulose gunpowder during long periods of operation is carried out, and the possibility of carrying out the regeneration of NCP by treatment with hydrogen peroxide is substantiated.
It is assumed that one of the ways to improve the ballistic and energy characteristics of long-term ammunition can be the regeneration of nitrocellulose powder charges. It is shown that at present there are no methods for the regeneration of powder charges with long service life. However, there are encouraging data on the treatment of powders with hydrogen peroxide, on the basis of which a technology for the complete or partial restoration of the ballistic and energy characteristics of a powder charge can be developed.
It is shown that during the regeneration of nitrocellulose powder charges with hydrogen peroxide, the calorific value of the starting material increases. It is important to note that not all of the increase in mass after NCP treatment with hydrogen peroxide can be used to compensate for the lost calorific value, however, in this case, the treatment of NCP with hydrogen peroxide should be considered an effective method for regenerating nitrocellulose powders.
Spatial transcriptomics for profiling the tropism of viral vectors in tissues
Authors: Jang Min , Coughlin Gerard , Jackson Cameron , Chen Xinhong , Chuapoco Miguel , Vendemiatti Julia , Wang Alexander , Gradinaru Viviana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A barrier to advancing engineered adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs) for precision access to cell subtypes is a lack of high-throughput, high-resolution assays to characterize in vivo transduction profiles. We developed an ultrasensitive, sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization (USeqFISH) method for spatial transcriptomic profiling of endogenous and viral RNA with a short barcode in intact tissue volumes by integrating hydrogel-based tissue clearing, enhanced signal amplification, and multiplexing using sequential labeling. Using USeqFISH, we investigate the transduction and cell-subtype tropisms across mouse brain regions of six systemic AAVs, including AAV-PHP.AX, a new variant that transduces robustly and efficiently across neurons and astrocytes. We reveal distinct cell-subtype biases of each AAV variant, including a bias of AAV-PHP.N toward excitatory neurons. USeqFISH also enables profiling of pooled regulatory cargos, as we show for a 13-variant pool of microRNA target sites in AAV genomes. Lastly, we demonstrate potential applications of USeqFISH for in situ AAV profiling and multimodal single-cell analysis in non-human primates.
Preterm Birth and Early Life Environmental Factors: Neuropsychological Profiles at Adolescence and Young Adulthood
Authors: de Gamarra Lexuri Fernández , Zubiaurre-Elorza Leire , Gómez-Gastiasoro Ainara , Molins-Sauri Marta , Loureiro Begoña , Peña Javier , García-Guerrero María Acebo , Ibarretxe-Bilbao Naroa , Bruna Olga , Junqué Carme , Macaya Alfons , Poca Maria A. , Ojeda Natalia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

There is a lack of knowledge about whether preterm birth might lead to a greater susceptibility to early life environmental factors. The aim of this study was to establish the neuropsychological profiles in high- and low-risk preterm samples during adolescence and young adulthood and to assess the potential role of early life environmental factors in cognitive outcomes.

Materials and methods

Participants (N = 177; Mage=20.11 years) of both sexes were evaluated: 30 high-risk preterm, 83 low-risk preterm, and 64 full-term adolescents and young adults.

Results

Significant differences were found in several cognitive domains among groups. Further, familial socioeconomic status (SES) moderated the relation between the degree of maturity/immaturity at birth and cognition (F(5,171) = 11.94, p < 0.001, R2 = 0.26).

Discussion

The findings showed different neuropsychological profiles during adolescence and young adulthood, with the high-risk preterm sample reporting lower values. Additionally, high familial SES background in this study seems to have a protective effect on cognition.
Structure and Organizing of Home-Based Care for Older Adults in Different Countries: Scoping Review
Authors: Mobasseri Khorshid , Matlabi Hossein , Allahverdipour Hamid , Pashazadeh Fariba , Kousha Ahmad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Demographic changes, growing long-term living costs, personal preferences, and policies encouraging aging in place have increased the importance of home-based long term care (LTC). It seems that sharing the experiences of leading countries will help to provide effective system. As a result, this review aims to explain the structure of home-based LTC for older adults in different countries.
Methods
A scoping review was performed for literature on home-based care for older adults published in English, using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of sciences, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases and other sources of information to identify grey literature. We classified the acquired data in the domains of Governing; LTC, eligibility and financing; Benefits; marketization and free choice system; Workforce training, and Quality assurance of care. This scoping review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews.
Results
Overall, 44 documents out of 4072 studies were included in the final analysis, which contained related to data from 23 countries. Each study covers some domains of home care (HC), and some other studies are linked to comparing these domains in some Asian and European countries. Among Asian countries, Japan and South Korea were pioneers in HC. Limited studies were found on workforce training and HC structure changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Other components of HC were frequently discussed in all countries. The regulation makes authorities organize high-quality care. Central government and ministries set the legal framework, and municipalities are autonomous in determining kind of strategies, and the principles of providing HC services and financing. Older adults are usually eligible to receive services based on their level of need or assets. Cash and in-kind benefits are given to older adults, depending on their choice. Financing is also done using insurance, taxes, or privately. Some countries have made training caregivers and quality assessment of services mandatory, but some countries do not have specific guidelines.
Conclusion
The results of this study can guide policymakers in designing an organized home care system to increase the quality of services and satisfaction level of the beneficiaries while simultaneously reducing the health system's costs.
Tungsten Oxide Nanostructures Peculiarity and Photocatalytic Activity for the Efficient Elimination of the Organic Pollutant
Authors: Jamwal Deepika , Mutreja Vishal , . Rahul , Mehta Surinder Kumar , Katoch Akash , Kim Sang Sub 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
For the first time, the effect of gemini based twin-tail and conventional surfactant on tungsten oxide nanostructures and their efficacy for the elimination of the organic pollutant is studied. The tungsten oxide nanostructures were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal route in the presence of C14TAB and gemini based twin-tail surfactant. The impact of using these special shape and size directing agents for the synthesis of nanostructures was observed in the form of different shapes and sizes. The tungsten oxide web of chains type nanostructure was obtained using C14TAB in comparison to the cube shaped nanoparticles through twin-tail surfactant. On contrary, the twin-tail surfactant provides sustainable and controlled growth of cube shape nanoparticles of size ~ 15 nm nearly half of the size ~ 35 nm obtained using conventional surfactant C14TAB, respectively. For the detailed structural features, the Williamson-Hall analysis method was implemented to find out the crystalline size and lattice strain of the prepared nanostructures. Owing to the strong quantum confinement effect, the WO3 cube shaped nanoparticles with an optical band gap of 2.69 eV of the prepared nanoparticles showed excellent photocatalytic efficacy toward organic pollutant (Fast green FCF) compared to the web of chain nanostructures with an optical band gap of 2.66 eV. The mechanism has been discussed in detail in the respective section. The ability of the prepared systems to decompose the organic pollutant (Fast green FCF) in water was tested under visible light irradiations. The percentage degradation was found to be 94% and 86% for WO3 cube shaped nanoparticles and WO3 web of chains, respectively. The simplicity of the fabrication method and the high photocatalytic performance of the systems can be promising in environmental applications to treat water pollution.
Evaluation of surgical outcomes in elderly patients with rib fractures: a single-centre propensity score matching study
Authors: Zhang Dong , Jiao Chenbo , Xi Siqi , Wang Langran , Li Run , Zhang Qiang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Rib fractures are the most common injuries in chest trauma. Compared with younger patients, elderly patients with rib fracture have a higher incidence of complications and mortality. We performed a retrospective analysis of 703 elderly patients with rib fractures treated in the Thoracic Surgery Department of Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between 2013 and 2020. We investigated the effect of surgical stabilization of rib fracture (SSRF) on the outcome of rib fracture using a 1:1 propensity score matching method. The study included 121 surgical patients who received SSRF and 121 control patients who received conservative treatment. The length of hospital stay in the surgery group was significantly longer than that in the conservative group (P = 0.000), while the length of ICU stay (P = 0.222), length of mechanical ventilation (P = 0.231), and the mortality rate (P = 0.175) were not significantly different between the two groups. After 9 months of follow-up, the fracture healing rate in the surgery group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P = 0.020). The fracture healing time (P = 0.000), improvement in pain score (P = 0.000) and duration of pain medication use (P = 0.000) were also significantly better in the surgery group than in the control group. Compared with conservative treatment, surgical treatment can prolong hospital stay to some extent. However, it has the advantages of more rapid healing and lessened pain. For rib fractures in elderly individuals, surgical treatment does not significantly increase mortality when applied under strict surgical indications and is recommended.
Real-world treatment patterns in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in the Netherlands based on medication dispensing data
Authors: Hoefsloot W , Dacheva E , Laan R van der , Krol M , Ingen J van , Obradovic M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Real-world data on antibiotic management of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) is limited for many countries. This study aimed to evaluate real-world treatment practices of NTM-LD in the Netherlands using medication dispensing data.
Methods: A retrospective longitudinal real-world study was conducted using IQVIA’s Dutch pharmaceutical dispensing database. The data are collected monthly and include approximately 70% of all outpatient prescriptions in the Netherlands. Patients initiated on specific NTM-LD treatment regimens between October 2015 and September 2020 were included. The main areas of investigation were initial treatment regimens, persistence on treatment, treatment switching, treatment compliance in terms of medication possession rate (MPR) and restarts of treatment.
Results: The database included 465 unique patients initiated on triple- or dual-drug regimens for the treatment of NTM-LD. Treatment switches were common and occurred approximately 1.6 per quarter throughout the treatment period. The average MPR of patients initiated on triple-drug therapy was 90%. The median time on therapy for these patients was 119 days; after six months and one year, 47% and 20% of the patients, respectively, were still on antibiotic therapy. Of 187 patients initiated on triple-drug therapy, 33 (18%) patients restarted antibiotic therapy after the initial treatment had been stopped.
Conclusion: When on therapy, patients were compliant with the NTM-LD treatment; however, many patients stopped their therapy prematurely, treatment switches often occurred, and part of patients had to restart their therapy after a longer treatment gap. NTM-LD management should be improved through greater guideline adherence and appropriate involvement of expert centers.
Valvulogenesis of A “Living”, Innervated Pulmonary Root Induced By An Acellular Scaffold
Authors: Yacoub Magdi , Tseng Yuan-Tsan , Kluin Jolanda , Vis Annemijn , Stock Ulrich , Smail Hassiba , Sarathchandra Padmini , Aikawa Elena , El-Nashar Hussam , Chester Adrian , Shehata Nairouz , Nagy Mohamed , El-sawy Amr , Burriesci Gaetano , Salmonsmith Jacob , Romeih Soha , Latif Najma 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Heart valve disease is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide with no effective medical therapy and no ideal valve substitute emulating the extremely sophisticated functions of a living heart valve. These functions influence survival and quality of life. This has stimulated extensive attempts at tissue engineering “living” heart valves. These attempts utilised combinations of allogeneic or autologous cells and biological or synthetic scaffolds with practical, regulatory and ethical issues. In situ regeneration depends on scaffolds that attract, house and instruct cells and promote connective tissue formation. However, there is still no agreement about what constitutes the optimal replacement valve. We, here, describe a surgical, tissue-engineered, anatomically precise, off-the-shelf, acellular, synthetic scaffold inducing a unique rapid process of morphogenesis involving relevant cell types, extracellular matrix, regulatory elements including nerves and humoral components. This process relies on specific material characteristics, design and “morphodynamism”.
Genome-Wide Identification of Halogenated acid dehalogenase Genes in Medicago
Authors: Lin ya , Cai Yu , Zhou Shuangshuang , Wang Jiayu , Feng Qin , Zhang Qingwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Halogenated acid dehalogenases (HADs) hydrolyze a variety of organic phosphate substrates. They have been shown to play important roles in various physiological processes (e.g. phosphorus metabolism and stress tolerance) by few studies. In this study, 24 and 29 HAD proteins were identified in Medicago truncatula and M. sativa, respectively. Conserved motif analysis showed that most HAD proteins contain acyltransferases and phosphatase domains, and all HAD proteins have a common conserved motif (DXD). Gene duplication analysis showed that tandem duplication is the main driver of HAD gene evolution with intense purification pressure. Moreover, cis-acting element analysis for promoter region implied that HAD gene expression in Medicago is closely related to phytohormones, light, and various stresses. Available transcription data revealed that specific HAD genes were highly expressed in leaf, flower and mature seed. HAD genes responding to phosphorus deficiency, low temperature, high temperature, dehydration and salt stress were found. Meanwhile, members of HADs that may be involved in nodule organogenesis and symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were identified. These results provide a basis for further functional studies of the HAD gene family and potential applications for genetic improvement in the context of stress and plant-microbe interactions.
The association between genetic variation and preprandial and postprandial digestive responses to a meat meal in healthy young men: A pilot study
Authors: Brown Julie. E. , Burden Hannah , Pham Toan , Braakhuis Andrea. J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: An elevated postprandial glycaemic and related physiological response is associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk. Several factors, including genetics, may influence interpersonal differences in preprandial baseline markers and postprandial meal responses. This study examined the association between genetic variation and physiological outcomes during the preprandial and postprandial digestive responses in thirty healthy young men.
Methods: In this experimental study, thirty healthy men aged 20–34 consumed a standardised breakfast meal. Blood samples were collected before the meal and hourly for 4 hours after the meal to assess lipids and fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated fat, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein and triglycerides), nutrients (vitamin D, iron and zinc), glucose and insulin. Participants’ weight and height were collected to determine their body mass index (BMI). An online visual analogue 100-point scale was used to assess appetite changes upon arrival, immediately following meal consumption, 30 minutes after and hourly for 4 hours. Buccal swabs were collected and assessed for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Data were analysed using multiple regression analysis.
Results: The insulin-receptor substrate 1 gene (IRS1) polymorphism rs2943641 significantly predicted elevated fasting insulin levels (R2 = 0.639, F (3,26) = 15.34, β = 6.376, P = < 0.0001). The mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 gene (UCP1) polymorphism rs1800592 and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 gene (PPARγ2) polymorphism rs1801282 significantly predicted participants’ BMI (R2 = 0.261, F (2,27) = 4.759, β = -2.764, P = 0.007 and R2 = 0.200, F (2,27) = 3.371, β = 3.291, P = 0.024 respectively). The remaining SNPs did not appear to associate with our cohort’s related physiological or nutrient outcome.
Conclusions: According to the finding of this exploratory study, three SNPs significantly predicted participants’ fasting insulin levels and BMI.
Challenges in Data Driven Decision Making in the Early Stages of a Startup
Authors: Eranki Gayathri , Pillai Rohitkumar , George Liju 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Entrepreneurship is usually considered as a chaotic process paved with uncertainties. Without a method to the madness, entrepreneurship can become detrimental to the well-being of the entrepreneur. Early stage of a start-up refers to all important activities that help identify a potential business from an idea. This discovery process is characterised by stress and uncertainty which makes data driven decision making particularly challenging. Unlike mature phases (post launch and product-market fit phase) where data is available in plenty, early phase decision making depends on either limited data or generating one’s own data. Uncertainty gives rise to biases in the decision making. The two most negatively impacting biases are confirmation bias and self-serving bias. In a combination, they affect the way an entrepreneur in the early phase interprets both data and the consequences of his/her decision. Through a qualitative interview-based study involving 30 entrepreneurs in the early phase and 10 entrepreneurs in the mature stage, this study focuses on recognising the presence of these biases and proposes a habit-based process for grooming early-stage entrepreneurs. The scientific principles underlying the proposed framework have been detailed out and pragmatic solutions for improving early phase decision making have been derived.