bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Degree of Gene Profile Expression for Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Gene Level in the Pediatric Tympanosclerotic Ear
Authors: Mandour Yasser Mohammed Hassan , Shendy Mohammed Fahmy , El-Zobeir Ahmed Hamdy , Mohammed Shuzan Ali , Gomaa Mostafa 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Tympanosclerosis, which can sometimes follow middle-ear inflammation, is the calcification of middle-ear connective tissue, especially the tympanic membrane. Numerous disorders, including chronic otitis media (OM) with effusion, are characterized by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) propensity to induce and maintain inflammatory reactions.

Aim:
This study aims to measure the expression of the TNF gene in the plasma of those who have tympanosclerosis as a result of ventilation tube insertion.

Patients and Methods:
In this study, 160 patients were included. The patients were split into two groups, Group A, which consisted of 120 patients and was subjected to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and Group B, which consisted of 40 volunteers. The patients underwent a full clinical examination, a history taker, and a laboratory investigation of TNF gene expression (quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction).

Results:
According to TNF gene expression, there was a statistical difference between the groups; the mean TNF in the cases group (3.87) was statistically higher than the control group (1), P = 0.001. TNF levels statistically differed according to the quantity of tubes inserted (P = 0.005) and the length of the secretory OM (P = 0.042). TNF levels were not statistically different according to medication use or acute OM bouts.

Conclusion:
In comparison to the control group, the level of TNF gene profile expression in a few middle-ear structures with tympanosclerosis was statistically significant.
Comparing Therapeutic Maneuvers in Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Ravi K. , Sivaranjani M. , Komathi R. , Sharanya M. 
Published: May 2023

Context:
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo accounting for around 24% of all peripheral vestibular abnormalities and the posterior semicircular canal being the most affected. The most common cause of BPPV is idiopathic, others being inner ear disorders, trauma, infection, and increasing age.

Objective:
This study evaluated the efficacy of Epley’s maneuver alone and Epley’s maneuver with Brandt–Daroff exercises in the management of posterior semicircular canal BPPV, thereby comparing the recurrence rate after treatment in both groups.

Materials and Methods:
The study was a randomized prospective clinical trial with parallel and superiority trial design where 94 consecutive patients with posterior semicircular canal BPPV and fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled into two Groups A = 47 and B = 47. All subjects underwent detailed history, examination, and assessment with UCLA dizziness questionnaire and videonystagmography. Group A patients received Epley’s maneuver while group B received Epley’s maneuver with Brandt–Daroff exercises as the treatment, with follow-up done on the 1st and 2nd weeks and after 1 month.

Results:
The age group of the majority of the patients in the study ranged between 51 and 60 years. The percentage of females in the study was 54.3% and males 45.7%. Results showed significant improvement in vertigo and nystagmus in both groups, with Group B having lesser recurrence during the follow-up visits.

Conclusion:
Both Epley’s maneuver and Brandt–Daroff exercises are ideal means of treatment, but a combined approach of the two maneuvers yields better outcome in terms of symptomatic resolution and less recurrence.
The modified thoracoabdominal nerve block for post-operative analgesia in paediatric laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Ozen Volkan , Acik Mehmet Eren , Ozen Nurten 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The limited data on post-operative analgesia management after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the paediatric population make it difficult for clinicians to manage pain in this group. Administration of a modified thoracoabdominal nerve block through a perichondrial approach (M-TAPA) has recently been identified as a technique providing effective analgesia on the anterior and lateral thoracoabdominal wall. Unlike thoracoabdominal nerve block through the perichondrial approach block, the local anaesthetic (LA) with M-TAPA block provides effective post-operative analgesia in abdominal surgery by affecting T5-T12 dermatomes, just like when applied to the lower part of the perichondrium. As far as we know, all patients in previous case reports were adults, and we did not come across any study on the effectiveness of M-TAPA in paediatric patients. We present our case who did not need any additional analgesic during the post-operative 24 h after an M-TAPA block was administered before paediatric laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
ERCP management of acute cholangitis caused by rupture of Echinococcus hepaticus into the biliary tract
Authors: Jiang Tiemin , Wang Zongding , Aji Tuerganaili , Ran Bo , Guo Qiang , Zhang Ruiqing , Tuergan Talaiti , Zhong Kai , Shao Yingmei , Hao Wen 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE) rupture into the biliary tract, one of the most common and refractory complications, is treated by laparotomy to remove hydatid lesions. The aim of this article was to investigate the role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the treatment of this particular disease.

Patients and Methods:
This was is a retrospective analysis of 40 patients with HCE ruptured into the biliary tract in our hospital from September 2014 to October 2019. They were divided into two groups, ERCP group (group A, n = 14) and conventional surgery group (group B, n = 26). Group A was treated with ERCP first to control infection and improve the general condition before undergoing laparotomy at an optional stage while group B was treated with laparotomy directly. First, the infection parameters and liver, kidney and coagulation functions of group A patients before and after ERCP were compared to evaluate treatment effectiveness. Second, the intraoperative and post-operative parameters during the laparotomy of group A were compared with group B to evaluate the impact of ERCP treatment on laparotomy.

Results and Conclusions:
White blood cell, NE%, platelet, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, Total bilirubin (TBIL), alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase (ALT), ALT and Cr in group A significantly improved by ERCP (P < 0.05); during laparotomy, the bleeding amount and hospital stay in group A were better (P < 0.05); moreover, concerning the post-operative complications, the incidence of acute renal failure and coagulation dysfunction in group A was significantly less (P < 0.05). ERCP, which not only quickly and effectively controls infection and improves the patient’s systemic condition but also provides good support for subsequent radical surgery, enjoys good prospects for clinical application.
Effect of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on platelet count and mean platelet volume
Authors: Sen Ozan , Oray Seref , Çalikoglu Ismail , Sekmen Ümit , Türkçapar Ahmet Gökhan 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
Several studies have reported an increase in platelet (PLT) count with chronic inflammation in the presence of obesity. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an important marker for PLT activity. Our study aims to demonstrate if laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has any effect on PLT, MPV and white blood cells (WBCs).

Methods:
A total of 202 patients undergoing LSG for morbid obesity between January 2019 and March 2020 who completed at least 1 year of follow-up were included in the study. Patients’ characteristics and laboratory parameters were recorded preoperatively and were compared in the 6th and 12th months.

Results:
Two hundred and two patients (50% – female) with a mean age of 37.5 ± 12.2 years and mean pre-operative body mass index (BMI) of 43 (34.1–62.5) kg/m2 underwent LSG. BMI regressed to 28.2 ± 4.5 kg/m2 at 1 year after LSG (P < 0.001). The mean PLT count, MPV and WBC during the pre-operative period were 293.2 ± 70.3 103 cells/μL, 10.22 ± 0.9 fL and 7.8 ± 1.9 103 cells/μL, respectively. A significant decrease was seen in mean PLT count, with 257.3 ± 54.2 103 cell/μL (P < 0.001) at 1 year post-LSG. The mean MPV was increased at 6 months 10.5 ± 1.2 fL (P < 0.001) and remained unchanged at 1 year 10.3 ± 1.3 fL (P = 0.9). The mean WBC levels were significantly decreased with 6.5 ± 1.7 103 cells/μL (P < 0.001) at 1 year. At the end of the follow-up, weight loss showed no correlation with PLT and MPV (P = 0.42, P = 0.32).

Conclusion:
Our study has shown a significant decrease in circulating PLT and WBC levels while MPV remained unchanged after LSG.
Short-term outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery protocol in minimally invasive oesophagectomy: A prospective study
Authors: Sreesanth Kelu Sreedharan , Soni Subhash Chandra , Varshney Vaibhav Kumar , Puranik Ashok Kumar , Bhatia Pradeep Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Although fast-track treatment pathways are well established in colorectal surgeries, their role in oesophageal resections has not been well studied. This study aims to prospectively evaluate the short-term outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in patients undergoing minimally invasive oesophagectomy (MIE) for oesophageal malignancy.

Patients and Methods:
We studied a prospective cohort of 46 consecutive patients from January 2019 to June 2022 who underwent MIE for oesophageal malignancy. The ERAS protocol mainly consists of pre-operative counselling, pre-operative carbohydrate loading, multimodal analgesia, early mobilisation, enteral nutrition and initiation oral feed. Principal outcome measures were the length of post-operative hospital stay, complication rate, mortality rate and 30-day readmission rate.

Results:
The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of patients was 49.5 (42, 62) years, and 52.2% were female. The median (IQR) post-operative day of intercoastal drain removal and initiation of oral feed was 4 (3, 4) and 4 (4, 6) days, respectively. The median (IQR) length of hospital stay was 6 (6.0, 7.25) days, with a 30-day readmission rate of 6.5%. The overall complication rate was 45.6%, with a major complication (Clavien–Dindo ≥3) rate of 10.9%. Compliance with the ERAS protocol was 86.9%, and the incidence of major complications was associated with failure to follow the protocol (P = 0.000).

Conclusions:
ERAS protocol in minimally invasive oesophagectomy is feasible and safe. This may result in early recovery with shortened length of hospital stay without an increase in complication and readmission rates.
Chyloperitoneum signifying late bowel obstruction following gastric clipping with proximal jejunal bypass: A case report
Authors: Hsu Chih Hung , Yang Jin Ruei , Chiu Fang Ling , Hsieh Jan Sing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chyloperitoneum (CP) is a rare complication after bariatric surgery. We present a 37-year-old female with CP caused by a bowel volvulus following a gastric clipping with proximal jejunal bypass for morbid obesity. An abdominal CT image of a mesenteric swirl sign and abnormal triglyceride level of ascites fluid can confirm the diagnosis. In this patient, laparoscopy demonstrated dilated lymphatic ducts caused by a bowel volvulus resulting in the exudation of chylous fluid into the peritoneal cavity. After the reduction of bowel volvulus, she made an uneventful recovery with complete resolution of the chylous ascites. The presence of CP could indicate a situation of small bowel obstruction in patients with a history of bariatric surgery.
Clinical Venous Thromboembolism in Spinal Trauma with and Without Spinal Cord Injury: A 3-Year Experience of Midlands Centre for Spinal Injuries, Oswestry, UK
Authors: Alageli Nabil A. , Osman Aheed 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aims:
This study aimed to determine the incidence of deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) among patients admitted acutely to a regional spinal injury center, following spinal trauma; to compare its occurrence between those with spinal cord injury (SCI) and those without; and to assess the effect of various factors such as age, gender, neurological impairment, and duration of prophylaxis on the incidence observed.

Patients and Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 374 consecutive patients who sustained traumatic spinal injury and were admitted acutely to the Midlands Centre for Spinal Injuries, Oswestry (UK), over a 3-year period. A total of 159 patients had spinal trauma with SCI and 215 were neurologically intact. The majority of these patients were treated nonsurgically and received the same thromboprophylactic regimen started within a median of 2 days postinjury. The incidence of clinical VTE (DVT and PE) was determined and some risk factors were assessed. Ethical approval was obtained through the Audit Office Committee of the Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry.

Results:
Among the neurologically intact group, one patient developed clinical PE (0.5%). Out of 159 patients with SCI, 23 developed clinically evident VTE (14.5%), 15 had DVT (11.9%), 4 had PE (5%), and 4 had both DVT and PE. There was no fatality. Complete SCI lesions were associated with higher incidence of VTE compared to incomplete lesions, 17.6% and 11%, respectively (P < 0.001). There were two peaks of thromboembolic episodes: the first during the first 2 weeks after injury (30% of cases) and the second was after the 8th week postinjury (38% of cases). A higher incidence of VTE was recorded in males than females (14.3% and 7.9%, respectively). Aso, the incidence of VTE is slightly higher in the age group between 40 and 60 years, but these differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusions:
SCI is associated with high risk of venous thromboembolism, and the risk increases with the severity of cord insult. While spinal column injury is shown to be associated with much lower risk. The risk is reduced with strict adherence to thromboprophylactic regimen which we suggest to continue for at least 12 weeks for SCI patients.
Evaluating Quality of Anticoagulation Management among Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patients: An Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Alhmoud Eman N. , Elewa Hazem , Elbardissy Ahmed Hossameldin , Ahmed Rana M. , Abdul Gelil Mohammed Salem , Abdel Samad Osama Badry 
Published: May 2023

Context:
Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) remain the mainstay of therapy for most nonpregnant patients with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) considering the increased risk of thrombotic events demonstrated in prospective direct oral anticoagulants trials. Little is known, however, about the quality of anticoagulation control among VKA-treated APS patients.

Aims:
This study aimed to evaluate the quality of anticoagulation control in a cohort of warfarin-treated APS patients in comparison with a control group of non-APS patients. Potential predictors of anticoagulation control were also explored.

Subjects and Methods:
The quality of anticoagulation control (monitoring and clinical outcomes) was retrospectively evaluated in a group of APS patients and compared to a control of non-APS patients.

Results:
Compared to non-APS, patients with APS had a significantly lower time in therapeutic range (TTR) (64.6 ± 27.8 vs. 77.3 ± 17.8, 95% confidence interval 5.6–19.8, P ≤ 0.001). A significantly higher proportion of patients in the APS group experienced poor anticoagulation control (TTR <70%) than non-APS patients (52.2% vs. 31.9%, Odds ratio 2.3 [1.4–4.1], P ≤ 0.001). APS patients were more likely to experience extreme supratherapeutic International Normalized Ratio (>4.5) than their counterparts (10.9% vs. 6.1%, P < 0.001). No difference in clinical events was reported. Gender was the only significant predictor of TTR among APS patients, as females experienced significantly lower TTR (Beta coefficient − 13.5, P = 0.05).

Conclusions:
Compared to general warfarin-treated patients with venous thromboembolism, APS patients were less likely to maintain therapeutic targets. Future studies that incorporate genetic, clinical, and social factors are recommended to fully understand the predictors of anticoagulation quality in this high-risk population.
Risk Factors for Brachial Plexus Injury and Permanent Sequelae Due to Shoulder Dystocia
Authors: Elmas B , Ercan N , Ersak DT , Ozdemir EU , Çelik IH , Tapisiz OL , Akay A , Yucel E , Armangil M , Tekin OM 
Published: May 2023

Aim:
The primary aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for the occurrence of brachial plexus injury in cases of shoulder dystocia. Secondly, it was aimed to determine the factors affecting the occurrence of permanent sequelae in cases with brachial plexus injury.

Subjects and Methods:
ICD-10 codes were scanned from the records of patients who gave birth between 2012 and 2018, and the records of patients with brachial plexus injury and shoulder dystocia were reached. Shoulder dystocia cases with brachial plexus damage were accepted as the study group, and shoulder dystocia cases without brachial plexus damage were considered the control group. Shoulder dystocia patients with brachial plexus injury and without injury were compared for 2-year orthopedics clinic follow-up reports, surgical intervention, permanent sequelae status as well as birth data, maternal characteristics, and maneuvers applied to the management of shoulder dystocia.

Results:
Five hundred sixty births with shoulder dystocia were detected. Brachial plexus injury was observed in 88 of them, and permanent sequelae were detected in 12 of these patients. Maneuvers other than McRobert's (advanced maneuvers) were used more and clavicle fracture was seen more in the group with plexus injury (P < 0.05, P < 0.05, respectively). Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the risk factors of brachial plexus injury. Brachial plexus injury was observed 4.746 times more in infants who were delivered with advanced maneuvers and 3.58 times more in infants with clavicle fractures at birth.

Conclusion:
In patients with shoulder dystocia, the risk of brachial plexus injury increased in deliveries in which advanced maneuvers were used and clavicle fracture occurred.
Bureaucracy and Civil Servants of the Tobolsk and Tomsk Provincial Administrations of the late 19th – early 20th Centuries in the Spatial Dimension
Authors: Andriianova Dina V. , Kostomarov Vladimir M. 
Published: May 2023

The effectiveness of the administrative apparatus in the frontier territories of the Russian Empire was among the most pressing issues. The functioning of any department largely depends on the staffing of its personnel. This article examines a broad group of civil servants at the regional level of two neighboring provinces: Tobolsk and Tomsk. By applying GIS technologies and constructing a multidimensional graph, the article provides the main characteristics of the civil servants, as well as migration trends during their service within the Russian Empire in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
The analysis of historiography has revealed a tendency to examine civil servants of the highest rank. However, by including other full-time civil servants of lower positions into the sample, the representation appears somewhat different. Therefore, the obtained data requires new methods of examination, visualization, and verification. The database was compiled based on various published and unpublished materials, as well as collections from central and local archives.
It was established that the portrait of the civil servant in the specified provinces differs due to the divergent ways of forming the personnel list. The geographical characteristics of the mobility of civil servants in the Tobolsk and Tomsk provinces also differ from each other. These newly found traits significantly affect the characteristics of the official apparatus.
“The Most Remote Household of Science”: the West Siberian Experience of Educational Colonization
Authors: Agapov Mikhail G. 
Published: May 2023

Public education was as important as military structure, entrepreneurship, and missionary work in developing frontier territories, all of which were used as tools of colonization by modern empires. Imperial experience includes both external and internal colonization. This article presents a social and historical reconstruction of the educational colonization of Western Siberia, considered the longest and most extensive example of internal educational colonization in the Russian Empire. Colonial/peripheral universities were essential to this process, serving as advocates of colonization and agents of decolonization in different historical circumstances. The article analyzes the origins of higher education in Siberia, drawing on discussions about the nature of the soon-to-be Siberian university. Some discussants envisioned an authentic people's, “rustic” university, while others pictured a particularly classical institution of higher education. The author concludes that two models of organizing the peripheral university took shape at the turn of the 20th century in the Russian Empire. The first model involved the creation of a green-field university by sending teachers from metropolitan universities to work in the periphery, which is how Tomsk Imperial University was established. The second model, on the contrary, considered normal schools in place as a base for establishing universities. Later, in the Soviet Union, the second model was primarily used to establish institutions of higher education in the regions.
Celebration of the 10th Anniversary of Soviet Power Restoration in Siberia in 1929 (the Example of the Omsk District)
Authors: Tishkina Ksenia A. , Petin Dmitriy I. 
Published: May 2023

The state policy in the Soviet Union regarding the formation of historical memory and commemorative practices is currently one of the most popular research areas for Russian scholars in the development of cultural and anthropological knowledge. In this context, the present study is of significant interest. Its purpose is to provide an analytical survey of the preparation and implementation of official jubilee events in 1929, which were organized on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of Soviet power restoration in Siberia, based on unpublished materials from Soviet power bodies' paperwork and regional periodicals, using the Omsk district as an example. This study is presented for the first time in scientific circles. The theoretical basis of the research was the anthropological approach, the principle of systematicity, and the problem-chronological method. This methodological framework made it possible to analyze these regional celebrations as a reflection of state policy and the new common culture that was actively forming in the early Soviet society. In conclusion, the study emphasizes that the 1920s were a time for creating a pantheon of Heroes of the Revolution, establishing places of historical memory, and accumulating experience in organizing new public holidays closely related to the strengthening of communist ideology. This study is aimed at a broad audience of specialists interested in Soviet culture, society, the history of official holidays and commemorations in the USSR, and Soviet everyday life.