bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Different Finishing-Polishing Procedures and Thermocycle Aging on the Surface Roughness of Nano-Ceramic Hybrid CAD/CAM Material
Authors: Ozer NE , Oguz EI 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different finishing-polishing (FP) procedures on reducing surface roughness of nanoceramic hybrid CAD/CAM material before and after thermocycle (TMC) aging.

Materials and Methods:
Nano-ceramic hybrid CAD/CAM specimens were subjected to 8 different (2-glaze and 6-mechanical) FP procedures as follows (n=20): 1. Optiglaze (OG) 2. Diamond glaze (DG), 3. Vita Enamic Polishing Set (VE), 4. VE+Gradia Diapolisher paste (VE-G) 5. VE+Super-Snap SuperBuff (VE-S) 6. Sof-Lex Disc kit (SL) 7. SL+Gradia Diapolisher paste (SLG) 8. SL+Super-Snap SuperBuff (SL-S). Surface roughness of each specimen was measured by using a contact profilometer. All specimens were artificially aged with TMC (5000 cycles, 5◦C/55◦C) and surface roughness measurements were repeated. One extra specimen from each group before and after TMC was examined with SEM. Surface roughness data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA, dependent t-test and Tukey test.

Results:
Significantly higher mean Ra values were found for groups OG and DG compared to other groups (P<0.05). Differences between glaze groups and differences between mechanical FP groups were not significant (P>0.05). Groups SL-S and DG demonstrated comparable results before and after TMC (P>0.05). SEM analysis revealed that surfaces of VE-S and SL-S groups were smooth and free of scratches.

Conclusions:
Mechanical FP procedures were more effective in reducing surface roughness of nanoceramic hybrid CAD/CAM material than glaze applications. Sof-Lex kit followed by Super-Snap SuperBuff disc application can be recommended as the mechanical FP procedure of choice considering that this method provided smooth surfaces that were maintained after TMC.
Determination of Quality of Life and Related Factors in Overweight Women Living in Rural Areas
Authors: Hisar KM , Yamaç SU , Hisar F 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Obesity is more common among women living in rural areas of Türkiye and being overweight affects the quality of life of women.

Aim:
Through this study, we aimed to determine the quality of life and related factors of overweight women living in rural areas.

Materials and Methods:
This is a descriptive correlational study. The data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Scale of Quality-of-Life Overweight Women (SMQLOW) between April and June 2020. The study sample comprised women with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 and above.

Results:
The study included 201 women, 41.8% of the participants were in the 36–51 age group and 50.2% had a BMI between 30 and 49.2 (obese). It was determined that the quality of life of women was at a moderate level. The difference between the total SMQLOW score with respect to age, educational status, economic status, occupation of the spouse, general health status, and BMI were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05). We examined the correlation of some variables with the total scale score of overweight women. A significant positive and weak correlation was found between weight and the SMQLOW total score (r = 0.390, P = 0.001). There was a positively weak and highly significant, correlation between waist circumference and SMQLOW total score (r = 0.277, P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Preventing obesity may improve the quality of life among rural women in the study Population.
Diagnostic Performance using Obesity and Lipid-Related Indices and Atherogenic Index of Plasma to Predict Metabolic Syndrome in the Adult Sudanese Population
Authors: Mosad AS , Elfadil GA , Elhassan SH , Elbashir ZA , Husain NEOSA , Karar T , Elfaki EM 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:
Simple and accurate clinical indicators to detect metabolic abnormalities might be helpful for early management and lowering the risk of future consequences like cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background:
The visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) have been proposed as reliable, straightforward clinical markers and indications of metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aimed to see how well these obesity and lipid-related indicators will predict MetS in adult Sudanese patients.

Subjects and Methods:
This community hospital-based case-control study included 420 middle-aged people (154 men and 266 women). Anthropometric measurements, weight (kilogram), height (meters), and waist circumference (WC) were evaluated, and the body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Fasting blood samples were collected for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipid profile assessment. VAI, LAP, and AIP were calculated.

Results:
Significantly higher means of BMI, WC, WHtR, HbA1c, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, LAP, VAI, AIP, and significantly decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were seen among MetS when compared with non-MetS group. LAP had a significant proportion with BMI, WC, WHtR, TG, TG/HDL-C, VAI, and AIP, and it is inversely related to HDL-C in the MetS group. On ROC analysis, LAP had the largest operating characteristic curves (AUC) for both gender 0.970 (0.948–0.993) for men and 0.964 (0.945–0.982) for women, followed by WC, and VAI, while BMI showed the lowest AUCs for men and women. In multiple regression analyses, AIP values increased significantly with LDL-C, DBP, HbA1c, LAP, and VAI.

Conclusion:
The LAP was considerably higher in middle-aged people with MetS in both gender and was considered the best diagnostic performance.
Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Biaya Pendidikan Selama Masa Pandemi Covid – 19 Pada SMA Di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal
Authors: Lubis Sulhan Hamid H , Daryanto Eka , Sinaga Osbert 
Published: June 2023

The existence of the covid 19 pandemic forced the government to issue an online learning policy. This will certainly have a significant impact on the utilization and allocation of education costs that have been budgeted and outlined in the School Work Plan both on RKAS sourced from BOS funds and Education Development Contribution funds sourced from parents of students. This study aims to see firsthand the utilization of education funds during the Covid 19 period whether it has been effective and efficient. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data obtained from 24 principals bendaraha at high school in Mandailing Natal district in 2021 by spreading the questionnaire through Google format and interviews. It found that schools were not fully prepared to utilize funds effectively and efficiently. It is also inseparable from the uncertainty until when online learning ends because of the changing information (depending on the status of each region based on the level of emergency) about limited face-to-face learning schedules and new life adaptations. But allocating the cost of education in each school meets the 8 National Standards of Education even though the allocation of each SNP is uneven because of differentneeds. The transfer of financing from RKAS that has been prepared at the beginning of the year due to changes in the learning system and changes in BOS juknis. The transfer of extracurricular activities, the doubling of exam questions is eliminated and diverted to maintenance and replacement activities, the purchase of medical devices and materials such as thermoguns, handsanitizers, masks and disinfectants. Financing during the Covid-19 pandemic in general experienced significant changes in allocating rather than in the amount of funds spent. In normal times there are scouting, extracurricular sports and student council activities diverted into maintenance and reimbursement funds. The cost of subscriptions and services such as electricity has decreased but new costs such as data plans for teachers and education personnel have fallen. The cost of developing educators and education personnel has also increased due to the development of competencies followed by teachers online.
Pengaruh Hipnoterapi dalam Penatalaksanaan Scaling pada Anak Autis
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Supriyana Supriyana , Wiyatini Tri , Djamil Masrifan , Eko Ningtyas Endah Aryati 
Published: June 2023

Menurut WHO di indonesia terdapat 7-10% anak berkebutuhan khusus. Anak berkebutuhan khusus memiliki tingkat kesehatan dan kebersihan gigi dan mulut yang lebih rendah dibandingkan anak mormal. Berdasarkan survei di Velezuelan dan sebuah penelitian di Malaysia anak autis memiliki calculus dengan kriteria buruk. Autisme ialah salah satu gangguan kompleks perkembangan anak. Anak autis memiliki masalah dengan perilakunya salah satunya adalah hiperaktif atau hiperaktivitas. Hipnoterapi ialah metode pengobatan dan penyembuhan yang biasa dikenal dengan hipnosis. Hipnosis merupakan salah satu terapi yang diharapkan dapat menurunkan tingkat hiperaktivitas dan kerjasama pada anak autis.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh Hipnoterapi Dalam Penatalaksanaan Scaling Pada Anak Autis terhadap peningkatan sikap kooperatif anak dan penurunan calculus index pada anak autis. Penelitian ini merupakan quasy experiment pre and post-test design (Non equivalent Control Group)..Responden berjumlah 20 anak yang dibagi dalam 2 kelompok. Data hasil uji model dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik paired t test, dan independent t test. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian adanya pengaruh hipnoterapi terhadap peningkatan sikap kooperatif anak autis yaitu dengan (P= 0,000), dan penurunan calculus index dengan (P= 0,000). Serta ditunjukan nilai delta sikap kooperatif anak (10,100) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol dan calculus index (1,166) yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Adanya pengaruh Hipnoterapi dalam penatalaksanaan scaling pada anak autis ditandai dengan peningkatan sikap kooperatif anak dan penurunan calculus index pada anak autis.
SALLUSTIUS, FRAGMENTA HISTORIARUM, VI. MITHRIDATES’İN III. PHRAATES’E MEKTUBU
Authors: TELATAR Ümit Fafo , SELEN DUMLUPINAR Evren 
Published: June 2023

Çalışmada M.Ö. 86-34 yıllarında yaşamış Romalı tarihçi Gaius Sallustius Crispus’un altı mektuptan oluşan Historiarum Fragmenta adlı eserinin içinde yer alan Pontus kralı VI. Mithridates’in Partların kralı III. Phraates’e hitaben yazdığı Epistula Mithridatis adlı mektup, Latinceden Türkçeye çevrilmiş, hem tarihsel hem de filolojik açıdan değerlendirilmiştir.
Giriş bölümünde, mektubu anlamada yardımcı olabilecek tarihsel bilgiler verilmiş, ardından Pontus kralı VI. Mithridates’in o dönemdeki gücünü anlayabilmek ve mektubu daha iyi yorumlayabilmek amacıyla dönemin karmaşık siyasi ortamında yetişmiş kralın eğitimine kısaca değinilmiş ve kralın Roma hakkındaki düşünceleri klasik dönem yazarlarından alıntılarla verilmiştir. Mektupta değinilen tarihsel olaylar dipnotlarda açıklanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, incelen mektuptan Roma’nın ve Anadolu’nun M.Ö. 70-69 yıllarındaki dış siyasi olayları hakkında bilgi edinilirken, o dönem Pontus kralı olan VI. Mithridates’in almış olduğu eğitimin ve gençliğindeki olayların onun yaşamını nasıl etkilemiş olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
Propiedades fisicoquímicas, contenido de fenoles y melanoidinas en una vinaza de sotol de nombre de dios, Durango, México
Authors: Ruelas Ana Elena Aviña , Calleros Pedro Antonio Domínguez , Díaz Luis Alberto Ordaz , Ruíz José Ángel Prieto , Parra Artemio Carrillo , Salas Ana María Bailón 
Published: June 2023

Debido a la riqueza de contenido orgánico e inorgánico, los residuos agroindustriales están actualmente considerándose como objeto de estudio para la generación de productos industriales en lugar de tratarlos como residuos; en el caso de la vinaza, que es un subproducto generado durante la obtención de la bebida sotol, se ha generado un interés especial debido a que la producción está aumentando año con año, generando ingresos económicos. Con un pH ácido, una alta carga orgánica y una producción de 12 litros de vinaza por litro de sotol, la disposición de este residuo en agua y suelos puede comprometer ambientalmente los recursos. La evaluación de las propiedades fisicoquímicas y orgánicas de este líquido, permitirá tomar decisiones sobre su tratamiento. El análisis se hizo siguiendo las Normas Mexicanas que apliquen a cada característica: pH, Conductividad Eléctrica, Sólidos Disueltos Totales (SDT), Demanda Bioquímica de Oxígeno (DBO), Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO), turbidez, color verdadero, determinación de metales; fenoles totales y melanoidinas. Se encontró que el pH, DQO, SDT exceden los límites máximos permisibles de las NOM 001 SEMARNAT 2021 Y NOM 064 ECOL 1994. La relación DQO/DBO > 4 sugiere tratamiento fisicoquímico para su remediación; además, la alta presencia de fenoles aumenta la DQO. La cantidad de melanoidinas (> 20 mg/L), hacen difícil que se lleve a cabo una digestión anaerobia. Los metales pesados como Pb, Fe, Zn y Na, son 100% más altos con relación las vinazas tequileras. La presencia de metales pesados es de interés ya que son acumulativas en el suelo. Los datos obtenidos sugieren que las vinazas de sotol son contaminantes, incumplen con la normativa, por lo que no deben ser depositadas en cuerpos de agua y suelos sin ser tratadas.
MOPREDAScentury: a long-term monthly precipitation grid for the Spanish mainland
Authors: Beguería Santiago , Peña-Angulo Dhais , Trullenque-Blanco Víctor , González-Hidalgo Carlos 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This article describes the development of a monthly
precipitation dataset for the Spanish mainland, covering the period between
December 1915 and December 2020. The dataset combines ground observational
data from the National Climate Data Bank (NCDB) of the Spanish
meteorological service (AEMET) and new data rescued from meteorological
yearbooks published prior to 1951 that were never incorporated into the
NCDB. The yearbooks' data represented a significant improvement of the
dataset, as it almost doubled the number of weather stations available
during the first decades of the 20th century, the period when the
data were more scarce. The final dataset contains records from 11 312 stations, although the number of stations with data in a given month varies
largely between 674 in 1939 and a maximum of 5234 in 1975. Spatial
interpolation was used on the resulting dataset to create monthly
precipitation grids. The process involved a two-stage process: estimation of
the probability of zero precipitation (dry month) and estimation of
precipitation magnitude. Interpolation was carried out using universal
kriging, using anomalies (ratios with respect to the 1961–2000 monthly
climatology) as dependent variables and several geographic variates as
independent variables. Cross-validation results showed that the resulting
grids are spatially and temporally unbiased, although the mean error and the
variance deflation effect are highest during the first decades of the
20th century, when the observational data were more scarce. The
dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.20350/digitalCSIC/15136 under an open license and can
be cited as Beguería et al. (2023).
THE PROPOSAL OF FORMER PRESIDENT LENIN MORENO GÁRCES FOR THE GRANTING OF GENERAL REGULATIONS OF THE ORGANIC LAW OF HUMANITARIAN SUPPORT, IN ECUADOR AND THE CURRENT ONES OF PRESIDENT GUILLERMO LASSO 2020 - 2023.
Authors: ROBERTO ISAAC COSTALES MONTENEGRO et al.  
Published: June 2023

This research analyzes the proposal of former President Lenin Moreno Garcés for the granting of the proposal of the General Regulation of the Organic Law of Humanitarian Support to combat the health crisis derived from COVID 19, in Ecuador in 2020. The Humanitarian Support Law includes labor measures such as the option of signing agreements between employers and workers, a new type of fixed-term contract for an emerging special purpose, reduction of working hours, early vacation, and teleworking. In addition, the interpretation of fortuitous event or force majeure as grounds for dismissal is established.
Within the solidarity measures for social welfare and productive reactivation, it was provided that the pensiones some alternatives such as the reduction and analysis of educational pensions, in the case of temporary eviction in the matter of tenancy: In order for the lessee of a commercial premises to benefit from the temporary suspension referred to in article 4 of the Law, you must pay your landlord at least twenty percent (20%) of the value of any royalties outstanding or due; and submit to the lessor the VAT returns for both the month of February 2020, the n or increase in costs in basic services was considered, Prohibition of cancellation or suspension of coverage of contracts, Rescheduling of life insurance quotas, Productive credits for economic reactivation and protection of employment in the private sector, Annual motor vehicle tax, Labor stability, Exceptional pre-bankruptcy agreements, Financial institutions: In the case of financial institutions, the debtor will maintain its credit rating for the duration of the mediation process and this will maintain the rating granted the month prior to the entry of its request to initiate the pre-bankruptcy agreement to a Mediation Center. In the case of obligations or debts restructured or novated through pre-bankruptcy agreements with the National Customs Service. Ecuadorian Social Security Institute, public financial institutions, Decentralized Autonomous Governments (GADS), public companies, among others, will become enforceable when the pre-bankruptcy payment agreement has been formalized, forself-financed post-graduate doctors and scholarship holders who are providing their services in the health system in the months since the declaration of the emergency until the issuance of this Regulation, and who are in their training period, sign a contract for occasional services, on the scale of public servant 7 (SP7), With these measures help people who lost their jobs or family members who lost their lives with the pandemic in the health crisis due to COVID 19
Portföy ve Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım Girişlerinin Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerindeki Karşılaştırmalı Etkisi: E-7 Ülkeleri Örneği
Authors: UĞUR Burak , ÇELİK Onur 
Published: June 2023

Küreselleşmeyle beraber gelişmekte olan ekonomiler dış kaynağın doğrudan yabancı yatırım ve portföy yatırımları şeklinde gelmesi için teşvik edici politikalar uygulamışlardır. Doğrudan yabancı yatırım girişleri, sermaye stoku, istihdam, teknoloji ve bilgi transferi gibi etkilerle ekonomik büyümeyi arttırabilmektedir. Portföy şeklinde yabancı yatırımlar ise, yatırımlar için finansman olanağı sağlaması ve finansal gelişmeyi etkileyerek ekonomik büyümeyi arttırabilmektedir. Ampirik literatürde, çalışmaların önemli bir kısmında portföy ve DYY girişlerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerinde pozitif bir etkisi olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Ancak literatürde portföy ve DYY girişlerindeki artışların ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisinin olmadığı ya da negatif etkisi olduğu şeklinde sonuçlar da mevcuttur. 2008 küresel krizinin ardından başlayan doğrudan yabancı yatırım, portföy ve ekonomik büyümedeki istikrarsızlıklar, günümüzde devam etmektedir. Bu durumdan hareketle doğrudan yabancı yatırım ve portföy girişlerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki uzun dönemli etkisinin tespit edilmesi oldukça önemli bir hale gelmiştir.
Bu çalışmada, E-7 ülkeleri açısından 1997-2019 yılları arasında doğrudan yabancı yatırım ve portföy girişlerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkisi dinamik panel veri yöntemiyle tahmin edilmiştir. Analizler sonucu elde edilen bulgular, E-7 ülke grubunda portföy girişlerinin ekonomik büyümeyi etkilemediğini, doğrudan yatırım girişlerinin ise ekonomik büyüme üzerinde pozitif etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Elde edilen bulgular, E-7 ülke grubunun ekonomik büyümesini yükseltebilmesi için doğrudan yabancı yatırımın portföy yatırımlarına kıyasla önemli bir rolü olduğunu göstermektedir.
Pay Senedi Yatırımlarından Elde Edilen Gelirlerin Arındırılmasına Yönelik Fıkhî Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÖZMEN Mehmet Yuşa 
Published: June 2023

Çeşitli anonim şirketlere yatırım yaparak paylarına sahip olan kişiler hukuki açıdan yatırım yaptıkları şirketlerin ortağı konumuna gelmektedir. Bu durum pay sahiplerini ilgilendiren şirketin toplantılarına katılma, şirketin gelirleri üzerinde hak elde etme, zararlardan etkilenme gibi birtakım yasal hak ve yükümlülükleri gündeme getirdiği gibi ilgili kişilerin dini mükellefiyetleri açısından da bazı problemleri gün yüzüne çıkarmaktadır.
Bu konuda gündeme gelen en önemli problemlerden biri yatırım yapılan anonim şirketin elde ettiği kazancın fıkhî açıdan mahzurlu özellikler barındırıyor olması durumunda bu kazancın yatırımcılar açısından ne şekilde değerlendirileceği hususudur. Özellikle piyasa şartları, rekabet dezavantajları, yasal zorunluluklar gibi durumların şirketlerin fıkhen mahzurlu sayılan birtakım gelirlere sahip olmasını kaçınılmaz kıldığı durumlarda yatırımcılar açısından bu sorun daha da önem kazanmaktadır.
Bir şirkete yatırım yapan kişiler ilgili şirketin ortağı mesabesinde olduklarından şirketin geliri de doğal olarak hisseleri oranınca bu yatırımcıların geliri olmaktadır. İslam hukukunda ilke olarak bir Müslümanın malvarlığında fıkhen mahzurlu sayılan hiçbir gelirin bulunmaması genel kural olmakla birlikte bu gibi başkalarının süreç yönetiminden kaynaklı yahut belli şartların dayatması sebebiyle elde edilen gelir hakkında nasıl bir yöntem izleneceği hem klasik dini literatüre hem de modern çalışmalara konu olmuştur.
Fıkıh doktrininde kişinin helal malları arasına herhangi bir şekilde haram malın karışmış olması durumunda bunu zilyetliğinden çıkarması gerektiği kabul edilir ve bu işlem bir şeyi elden çıkararak ondan kurtulmak anlamına gelen “tahallus/التخلص” tabiriyle ifade edilir. Modern çalışmalarda da pay senetlerinden elde edilen gelirler hakkında bu yaklaşım sürdürülerek bu işlem için genelde “arındırma” (Ar. التطهير, İng. Purification) ifadesi tercih edilmektedir.
Bu makalede yatırım yapılan şirkete ait mahzurlu gelirlerin bulunması durumunda yatırımcının bunu arındırmak için nasıl bir yöntem takip etmesi gerektiği konusunda modern dönemdeki tartışmalar incelenmiş, klasik fıkıh doktrini açısından bu görüşlerin tutarlılığı tartışılmıştır.