bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effects of Qinglongyi-Buguzhi herb pair against H 2 O 2 ‑induced oxidative injury in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells via PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Lele , Chen Shuguang , Sun Peng , Liu Xinyue , Zhan Zhaoshuang , Wang Jiafeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The herbal pair of Qinglongyi (Q, the exocarp of Juglans regia L.)-Buguzhi (B, the fruit of Psoralea corylifolia L.) (QB) is commonly used for treating vitiligo in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, the relevant mechanism of QB in the treatment of vitiligo is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the protective role and mechanism of QB on B16F10 mouse melanoma cells after H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury. Firstly, 17 experimental groups were designed as follows: normal control group, H2O2 group, Q, B, and QB (mass ratio 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 ) low, middle and high concentration groups. MTT was used to detect cell survival rate and flow cytometry was used to determine the content of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and melanin levels were evaluated using corresponding commercial kits. Based on all the results, the drug group with the best effect was selected for follow-up mechanism study. Then, six experimental groups were designed as follows: normal control group, H2O2 group, LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) group, QB་LY294002 group, positive control VE group. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis and ROS content. The nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was analyzed using immunofluorescence. RT‑qPCR was used to determine the changes in the expression of Akt, Nrf2 and HO-1 genes. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Akt, phospho-Akt (p-Akt), total nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins. From our findings, Q, B and QB (1:1, 1:2, 2:1) groups all increased cell survival rate, decreased ROS level and cell apoptosis, upregulated SOD and CAT activity, and increased melanin content of B16F10 cells with H2O2 injury. It was worth noting that the QB (1:2) 0.08 mg/mL group had the most prominent effect among all drug groups, so we chosed this group to study the mechanism of action. From the results, when compared with H2O2, LY294002, QB་LY294002 groups, QB pretreatment of cells in QB group significantly decreased ROS level and apoptosis rate of B16F10 cells with H2O2 injury. Moreover, QB up-regulated Akt, Nrf2, HO-1 mRNA expression level and increased p-Akt, HO-1, nuclear Nrf2 proteins expression level, and promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Notably, LY294002 could largely block the effect of QB. This study demonstrated that QB reversed H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury of melanocytes may be related to the activation of PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
LDL and IL-6 induce TGF-β1 release and mast cell migration toward intimal macrophages
Authors: Yu Heng , Josi Radhika R. , Khanna Ankur , Khismatullin Damir B. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective and design:
This study tests the hypothesis that mast cells migration to the artery’s intimal layer occurs due to release of TGF-β1 from macrophages exposed to LDL and IL-6.
Material or subjects:
Human monocytic cells (THP-1), human mast cells (LUVA), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).
Treatment:
THP-1 cells were differentiated into M0, M1, and M2 macrophages, which were then treated with LDL, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), IL-6, or a combination of LDL and IL-6. LUVA cells and HUVEC were exposed to conditioned media from untreated and treated macrophages. LUVA cells were also exposed to TGF-β1.
Methods
The concentration of TNF-α and TGF-β1 released from macrophages was measured by ELISA. The migration of LUVA cells in a microfluidic channel was assessed for 12 h. THP-1 cell adhesion to HUVEC was investigated under static conditions.
Results
Inflammatory (M1) macrophages exposed to LDL + IL-6 or oxLDL released TGF-β1 at the level close to anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages. These M2-like cells kept their inflammatory properties, based on adhesion data. The LUVA cells migrated to TGF-β1 or the conditioned medium from M2-like macrophages.
Conclusions
LDL in combination with IL-6 repolarized macrophages from M1 to M2-like cells, which attracted mast cells via TGF-β1.
Quantitative exploration of the innovative trend method for evapotranspiration and its sensitivity to climatic parameters: The case study in Southeast Vietnam
Authors: Ha Phan Thi , Phuong Dang Nguyen Dong , Anh Hoang Ha , Tu Le Hoang , Vuong Nguyen Dinh , Loi Nguyen Kim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Understanding the characteristics and correlations between evapotranspiration and climate variables plays a crucial role in determining the probable impact of critical factors on crop water requirements, water resource management, and future planning. This work aims to evaluate the temporal trends of evapotranspiration and its sensitivity to climate variables from 1980 to 2019 in Southeast, Vietnam. The improved Innovative Şen Trend Analysis method was used to identify trends, and the Sobol technique, based on variance-based analysis, allowed for a rapid calculation of sensitivity indices. By estimating the changes in evapotranspiration, the study confirmed different quantitative trends, including a significant increase of 72–135 mm in annual and 12–84 mm in seasonal evapotranspiration. Results also conducted a sensitivity analysis of the historical meteorological quantiles obtained for three climate stations to analyze the sensitivity indices. The sensitivity analysis showed that evapotranspiration is more sensitive to solar radiation, relative humidity, and minimum temperature. The study presents pragmatic approaches for considering the possible interactions between evapotranspiration and climate variables, which may serve as a baseline for sustainable water management in areas with similar climate conditions and adaptation to climate change.
Dyads of GGC and GCC form hotspot colonies that coincide with the evolution of human and other great apes.
Authors: Arabfard M , Tajeddin N , Alizadeh S , Salesi M , Bayat H , Khorshid Hamid Reza Khorram , Khamse Safoura , Delbari Ahmad , ohadi Mina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: GGC and GCC short tandem repeats (STRs) are of various evolutionary, biological, and pathological implications. However, the fundamental two-repeats (dyads) of these STRs are widely overlooked.
Results: On a genome-wide scale, we mapped (GGC)2 and (GCC)2 dyads in human, and discovered monumental colonies (distance between each repeat <500 bp) of extraordinary density, and in some instances periodicity. The largest (GCC)2 and (GGC)2 colonies were intergenic, homogeneous, and human-specific, consisting of 219 (GCC)2 on chromosome 2 (probability<1.545E-219) and 70 (GGC)2 on chromosome 9 (probability=1.809E-148). We also found directional incremented trend in density and complexity of numerous colonies in human versus other species, such as a colony of 99 (GCC)2 on chromosome 20, that specifically expanded in great apes, and directionally incremented to maximum complexity in human (probability 1.545E-220). Numerous other colonies of evolutionary relevance in human were detected in other largely overlooked regions of the genome, such as chromosome Y and pseudogenes. Several of the genes containing or nearest to those colonies were divergently expressed in human.
Conclusion: In conclusion, (GCC)2 and (GGC)2 form unprecedented genomic colonies that coincide with the evolution of human and other great apes. The extent of the genomic rearrangements leading to those colonies support overlooked recombination hotspots shared across great apes. The identified colonies deserve to be studied in mechanistic, evolutionary, and functional platforms.
Motives for Using Social Networking Sites: A Uses &amp; Gratifications Perspective Amongst People with Eating Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Dingemans Alexandra , Veldhuis Jolanda 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Studies investigating motives for social networking sites (SNS) use amongst people with eating disorder (ED) symptoms are scarce. The uses and gratifications theory states that people actively select media content to gratify their individual needs and this may help to explain why individuals with eating disorder symptoms choose to expose themselves to specific media content and how they choose to respond. Some evidence exists that readiness to change may be a factor related to SNS use patterns in this population. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential relationship between readiness to change ED cognitions/behaviors and SNS use motives in individuals with current or past ED symptoms, employing a uses and gratifications theory perspective. Participants were recruited from ED recovery websites; 103 individuals (16-55 years old) provided complete data. As hypothesized, ED symptom severity was inversely associated with readiness to change and time spend on (specific) SNS was not associated with ED symptom severity. The results of hierarchical regression analyses further suggested that if individuals felt less capable of overcoming their dysfunctional cognitions/behaviors about their body/eating (i.e., were less ready to change), they were more likely to be motivated to use SNSs for the purpose of impressing others and reputation management. The clinical implication is that high amounts of SNS use may not necessarily be harmful for people with EDs or recovering from EDs, whereas using SNSs for the purposes of impression management could potentially be related to being less ready to recover.
Laboratory efficacy of essential oils against Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum and Pectobacterium atrosepticum causing soft rot of potato tubers
Authors: Jílková Barbora , Víchová Jana , Holková Ludmila , Pluháčková Helena , Michutová Markéta , Kmoch Martin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The efficacy of essential oils (EOs) from Carum carvi, Cinnamomum cassia, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cuminum cyminum, Eugenia caryophyllus, Foeniculum vulgare, Melaleuca alternifolia, Mentha × piperita, Origanum vulgare, Rosmarinus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris was tested against Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) and Pectobacterium atrosepticum (Pa), which cause soft rot of potato tubers. Under in vitro conditions, the highest efficacy was found for cinnamons EOs against both bacteria. The higher sensitivity of both bacteria was manifested in clove (Pcc and Pa), mint (Pcc), oregano (Pa) and thyme (Pa) EOs. Rosemary EO was the least effective. The results from the in vivo test were not consistent with those of the in vitro tests. The most significant antibacterial effect was achieved with mint EO. The bacterial strains Pcc and Pa were more sensitive to treatment with essential oils of caraway (Pcc and Pa), cinnamon (Pcc), oregano (Pa) and thyme (Pcc and Pa). In particular, based on results of in vivo test, mint EO and possibly caraway, oregano and thyme EOs can be recommend for pickling potato tubers against pectinolytic bacteria of the genus Pectobacterium.
Durable tumor regression and restoration of neurologic function after treatment with anti-PD-1 in patients with functionally unresectable cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with perineural spread into the cavernous sinus
Authors: Carey Andrew R. , Warrier Govind , Hoang Jenny K. , Schollenberger Megan D. , Lipson Evan J. , Mahoney Nichols R. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To describe tumor response and cranial nerve function outcomes after administration of anti-PD-1 to patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) with perineural spread to cranial nerves (CN) extending into the cavernous sinus.
Methods
Electronic patient records from a single institution were queried for patients with CSCC of the head and neck causing diplopia (ICD-10 H53.2) who were treated with anti-PD-1. Data extracted included demographics, duration of anti-PD-1 therapy, immune-mediated adverse reactions, tumor response per adapted RECIST v1.1, and changes in CN function and symptoms (e.g., pain). All patients were prescribed cemiplimab 350 mg IV q3 weeks.
Results
Four patients met inclusion criteria. They had varying degrees of pain and sensory deficits in branches of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). One, 2, 3 and 1 patients had baseline involvement of CN III, IV, VI and VII, respectively. MRI confirmed perineural cavernous sinus involvement in all patients. Duration of anti-PD-1 therapy ranged 15–60 weeks. All patients experienced an objective anti-tumor response to anti-PD-1; partial response n = 2, complete response n = 2. At a median follow-up of 22 months, responses were ongoing in all patients. All patients demonstrated improvement in ocular motility deficits and pain with resolution of symptoms in 3 and 1 patients, respectively.
Conclusion
Administration of anti-PD-1 to patients with CSCC with perineural spread into the cavernous sinus can generate durable anti-tumor regressions and restore CN function, while sparing the morbidity associated with surgical resection and/or radiotherapy. Our findings add to emerging literature supporting this treatment approach for this patient population.
Effect of high flow nasal oxygen on inspiratory effort of patients with acute hypoxic respiratory failure and do not intubate order
Authors: Tonelli Roberto , Fantini Riccardo , Bruzzi Giulia , Tabbì Luca , Cortegiani Andrea , Crimi Claudia , Pisani Lara , Moretti Antonio , Guidotti Federico , Rizzato Simone , Puggioni Daniele , Tacconi Matteo , Bellesia Gianluca , Ragnoli Beatrice , Castaniere Ivana , Marchioni Alessandro , Clini Enrico 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background High flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is recommended as a first line respiratory support during acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) and represents a proportionate treatment option for patients with do not intubate (DNI) orders. The aim of the study is to assess the effect of HFNO on inspiratory effort as assessed by esophageal manometry in a population of DNI patients suffering from AHRF.Methods Patients with AHRF and DNI orders admitted to Respiratory intermediate Care Unit between January 1st, 2018 and May 31st, 2023 to receive HFNO and subjected to esophageal manometry were enrolled. Esophageal pressure swing (ΔPes), clinical variables before and after 2 hours of HFNO and clinical outcome (including HFNO failure) were collected and compared as appropriate. The change in physiological and clinical parameters according to the intensity of baseline breathing effort was assessed and the correlation between baseline ΔPes values and the relative change in breathing effort and clinical variables after 2 hours of HFNO was explored.Results Eighty-two consecutive patients were enrolled according to sample size calculation. Two hours after HFNO start, patients presented significant improvement in ΔPes (12 VS 16 cmH2O, p < 0.0001), respiratory rate (RR) (22 VS 28 bpm, p < 0.0001), PaO2/FiO2 (133 VS 126 mmHg, p < 0.0001), Heart rate, Acidosis, Consciousness, Oxygenation and respiratory rate (HACOR) score, (4 VS 6, p < 0.0001), Respiratory rate Oxygenation (ROX) index (8.5 VS 6.1, p < 0.0001) and BORG (1 VS 4, p < 000.1). Patients with baseline ΔPes below 20 cmH2O where those who improved all the explored variables, while patients with baseline ΔPes above 30 cmH2O did not report significant changes in physiological or clinical features. A significant correlation was found between baseline ΔPes values and after 2 hours of HFNO (R2 = 0.9, p < 0.0001). ΔPes change 2 hours after HFNO significantly correlated with change in BORG (p < 0.0001), ROX index (p < 0.0001), HACOR score (p < 0.001) and RR (p < 0.001).Conclusions In DNI patients with AHRF, HFNO was effective in reducing breathing effort and improving respiratory and clinical variables only for those patients with not excessive inspiratory effort.
Sexual behaviors and the association between sexual knowledge, attitude and behaviors among Chinese university students: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Ou Xiaxian , Zhang Yaoyun , Liu Shunkai , Jiang Yuling , Baibuti Hasitier , Chen Ziyan , Liu Jufen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds
Chinese youth have become more sexually active over the years with rapid modernization and improving gender equity. This study aimed to investigate sexual behaviors among Chinese university students and to identify factors influencing sexual behaviors.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to August 2021 among 1006 students aged 15 to 25 years from universities in 30 provinces in mainland China. Binary logistic regression was used to explore the factors for ever having sexual behaviors. The mediation model and the moderated mediation model were constructed to display the association between sexual knowledge, attitude and behavior.
Results
A total of 1006 respondents were included. A total of 332 (33.0%) students reported ever having sexual behaviors, with a higher incidence in males (35.5%) than in females (27.0%). Family monthly income above 20,000 RMB (OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.42–5.01), ever having searched for sexual knowledge (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.16–2.51), searching for pornographic information at medium frequency (OR = 2.66, 95% CI: 1.62–4.42) and high frequency (OR = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.43–4.85), higher AIDS knowledge (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04–1.28) and more open sexual attitude (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.16–1.57) promoted the incidence of sexual behavior. The moderated mediation analysis revealed that sexual attitude partially mediated the association between sexual knowledge and behaviors (p < 0.01), and the effect of sexual attitude on sexual behaviors was moderated by monthly family income (p < 0.01).
Conclusions
One-third of university students had sexual behaviors in this study. Sexual attitudes were found to mediate the relationship between sexual knowledge and behavior, with family monthly income identified as a crucial moderating factor. It is essential to strengthen sex education to provide students with access to accurate sexual knowledge and promote healthy sexual values.
Terrestrial Environmental Sensitivity Index Mapping (TESIM) of the Coastal Areas of the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria
Authors: Wekpe Vremudia Onyeayana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
It can be argued that despite years of research, the true impacts of oil spill pollution on the environment and human sources of livelihoods are yet to be completely understood. Tools such as environmental sensitivity index (ESI) mapping can provide useful information that can significantly mitigate or help eliminate the known impacts of crude oil pollution, by proactively identifying environmentally sensitive areas. This study adapted the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information systems (GIS) based multiple criteria analysis (MCA) approach in the objective determination of sensitive sections of the NDR coastal areas, by combining several competing and or related evaluation criteria. The AHP was used to determine and assign relative weights to the data layers through a pairwise comparison evaluation matrix of mutually exclusive evaluation criteria using the Delphi technique, while the MCA was used to aggregate the evaluation criteria into a single map. The results of the MCA analysis show that over 57% of the study area is sensitive to oil spill pollution in one form or the other. 68% of the identified sensitive areas are classified as extremely environmentally sensitive with 11,752.14km2, while 7.1% are classified as less sensitive. This relative classification of environmental sensitivity in the study area is termed the Niger Delta Relative Environmental Sensitivity Index (NDRESI). The implication of these results is that more has to be done if the very sensitive environment of the NDR is to be conserved by tougher environmental legislations, environmental monitoring and environmental education.
Paraxial propagation of Hermite cosine-hyperbolic-Gaussian beams in a chiral medium
Authors: Yaalou M. , Hricha Z. , Belafhal A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The propagation properties of Hermite-cosine-hyperbolic-Gaussian beam (HChGB) in a chiral medium are investigated. Analytical formula for a HChGB beam propagating through a chiral medium is derived theoretically based on the Huygens-Fresnel Integral, and the propagation properties are illustrated numerically and discussed. Results show that the evolution properties of the HChGB in a chiral medium are closely related to the beam order, the chirality factor and the decentered parameter b.
Google Earth Engine for analysis of land cover change and streamflow trends in the Ribeirão da Caveira River Basin, Brazil from 1988-2019
Authors: Macêdo Theilon Henrique Jesus , Tagliaferre Cristiano , Silva Bismarc Lopes , Lemos Odair Lacerda , Castro Ingrid Thalia Prado 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Cloud computing platforms for processing satellite imagery will boost our understanding of relationships between land use/cover, precipitation, and streamflow, thereby providing crucial information for water management policies. In this article, Google Earth Engine (GEE) was used to process and assess the impact of land use and land cover change (LULC), forest biomass, and precipitation on streamflow of the Ribeirão da Caveira River Basin (RCRB), a basin located in the Brazilian semi-arid region, from 1988–2019. Land use land cover maps comprised six classes: forest, natural non-forest formation, agriculture, pasture, water bodies, and bare soil. In addition, the following spectral indices were calculated: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), modified soil-adjusted vegetation index (MSAVI), and bare soil index (BSI). NDVI was used to estimate forest biomass. The data were fitted to multiple linear regression models using streamflow trends as a target variable and principal component analysis was used to further interpret the data. The analyses revealed agriculture and forest classes had the largest extension within RCRB. Changes in forest biomass had no apparent effect on streamflow. Furthermore, the results showed both precipitation and bare soil areas were the most important factors affecting streamflow, and best-fit models showed moderate predictive power.
Viral rebound occurrence immediately after drug discontinuation involving neither drug resistance nor latent reservoir
Authors: Hayashi Rena , Hara Akane , Iwasa Yoh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSome viruses exhibit "rebound" when the administration of antiviral drugs is discontinued. Viral rebound caused by resistance mutations or latent reservoirs has been studied mathematically. In this study, we investigated the viral rebound due to other causes. Since immunity is weaker during antiviral treatment than without the treatment, drug discontinuation may increase the viral load. We analyzed the dynamics of the number of virus-infected cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and memory cells and identified the conditions under which the viral load increased upon drug discontinuation. If drug is administered for a long time, a viral rebound occurs when the ratio of viral growth rate in the absence to that in the presence of the antiviral drug exceeds the "rebound threshold." We analyzed how the rebound threshold depended on patient's conditions and type of treatment. Mathematical and numerical analyses revealed that rebound after discontinuation was more likely to occur when the drug was effective in reducing viral proliferation, drug discontinuation was delayed, and the processes activating immune responses directly were stronger than those that occurred indirectly via immune memory formation. We discussed additional reasons for drugs to cause viral rebound more likely.