bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Plasma Aflatoxin With Persistent Detection of Oncogenic Human Papillomaviruses in Cervical Samples From Kenyan Women Enrolled in a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Tong Yan , Tonui Philip , Orang’o Omenge , Zhang Jianjun , Maina Titus , Muthoka Kapten , Groopman John , Smith Joshua , Madeen Erin , Ermel Aaron , Loehrer Patrick , Brown Darron 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cervical cancer is common among Kenyan women and is caused by oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HR-HPV). Identification of factors that increase HR-HPV persistence is critically important. Kenyan women exposed to aflatoxin have an increased risk of cervical HR-HPV detection. This analysis was performed to examine associations between aflatoxin and HR-HPV persistence.
Methods
Kenyan women were enrolled in a prospective study. The analytical cohort for this analysis included 67 HIV-uninfected women (mean age 34 years) who completed at least two of three annual study visits and had an available blood sample. Plasma aflatoxin was detected using ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Annual cervical swabs were tested for HPV (Roche Linear Array). Ordinal logistic regression models were fitted to examine associations of aflatoxin and HPV persistence.
Results
Aflatoxin was detected in 59.7% of women and was associated with higher risk of persistent detection of any HPV type (OR = 3.03, 95%CI = 1.08–8.55, P = 0.036), HR-HPV types (OR = 3.63, 95%CI = 1.30-10.13, P = 0.014), and HR-HPV types not included in the 9-valent HPV vaccine (OR = 4.46, 95%CI = 1.13–17.58, P = 0.032).
Conclusions
Aflatoxin detection was associated with increased risk of HR-HPV persistence in Kenyan women. Further studies are needed to determine if aflatoxin synergistically interacts with HR-HPV to increase cervical cancer risk.
A New Partnership with Indigenous Peoples? An Analysis of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Sixth Assessment Report
Authors: Carmona Rosario , Reed Graeme , Thorsell Stefan , MacDonald Joanna Petrasek , Dorough Dalee Sambo , Rai Tunga Bhadra , Sanago Gideon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Indigenous Peoples have been emphatic: the climate crisis will not be solved by the same paradigm that caused it. Their advocacy, coupled with a growing acknowledgement of Indigenous knowledge systems' contributions to climate action and transformative change, has drawn international attention, including from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Nevertheless, many barriers to effective, rights-based recognition remain, reinforcing Indigenous Peoples' marginalisation in climate science and politics. Based on a collaboration between Indigenous and non-Indigenous scholars, this article assesses how the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) recognises and promotes the role of Indigenous Peoples and their knowledge systems in climate governance. Through a content analysis of the Working Groups I, II and III Reports, we found a growing number of references to Indigenous Peoples and their knowledge systems. Despite this growth, we also found that the IPCC continues to reproduce a reductionist approach to Indigenous Peoples' knowledge and rights which risks promoting harmful stereotypes that increase inequity. Reversing this weakness requires a greater reflexivity and concrete actions to overcome the unequal structures that limit Indigenous Peoples' participation at all levels. Among these actions we propose: i) ensuring consistent references to Indigenous Peoples across all reports; ii) avoiding the characterization of Indigenous Peoples as vulnerable and focusing on embedding a strengths-based approach; iii) ensuring Indigenous knowledge systems are fully understood and applied ethically and equitably; and iii) including Indigenous Peoples, as authors and contributors, and their solutions in all proposed working topics. Combined, these actions will assist the IPCC in approving their partnership with Indigenous Peoples, including in preparation for the seventh assessment cycle.
Multi-omics reveals azacitidine partially restores the hematopoiesis-supportive functions in mesenchymal stromal cells from patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Xu Ruohao , Geng Suxia , Zeng Lingji , Deng Chengxin , Huang Xin , Li Minming , Wu Ping , Lai Peilong , Weng Jianyu , Du Xin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) including azacitidine (AZA) represent the only FDA-approved first-line treatments for patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). However, the mechanism by which HMAs produce therapeutic responses (e.g., hematological improvement) remains unclear. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) play a crucial role in regulating the self-renewal, survival and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Recently, the identified sensitivity of patient-derived MSCs to HMAs underlines a critical yet unexplored role of MSCs in regulating post-HMA efficacies. By utilizing high-throughput approaches including targeted exon sequencing, DNA methylation profiling, and RNA sequencing, our present study aims to delineate the modifications and consequences of AZA on CMML-MSCs. Demonstrated by integrated multi-omics analysis, our results reveal that cytogenetically independent CMML-MSCs exhibit strikingly high amenability to AZA. Through selectively de-methylating/methylating CpGs of 1395 sensitive genes, AZA re-activates HSPC-supportive signatures and enhances the protective effect of CMML-MSCs on healthy HSPCs. Along with the reconstitution of the dysregulated methylome/transcriptome, AZA partially restored the impaired functions of CMML-MSCs to support healthy hematopoiesis in long-term co-culture conditions. Our findings suggested a niche-dependent mechanism of post-HMA recovery of normal hematopoiesis. Identifying AZA-sensitive genes and functions may be of particular value in developing niche-targeting strategies in treating myeloid malignancies.
Cerium and samarium blocked antioxidant enzymes in wheat plants
Authors: Haghighi Amirhossein Kazemzadeh , Rezayian Maryam , Niknam Vahid , Ganjali Mohammad Reza , Mirmasoumi Masoud 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This work was conducted to study positive and negative impacts on two cultivars (Arta and Baharan) in wheat plant. Symbols of stress such as proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes, which may be complicated in the suppression responses of plants, were also studied. Wheat plants were exposed to 0, 2500, 5000, 7500, 10000 and 15000 µМ of cerium (Ce) and samarium (Sm) for 21 days. The growth enhanced in plants treated with lesser Ce and Sm concentration (2500 µМ) and declinded in plants treated with upper concentrations as compared to untreated plants. Thus, Ce and Sm had hormesis effect on growth in wheat plants. According to plant’s growth parameter patterns, Arta cultivar had more sensitive to Sm than to Ce, whereas Baharan cultivar had sensitive to Ce than to Sm. Our results indicated impact of Ce and Sm on proline accumulation depended on the dosage of Ce and Sm. It was observed that Ce and Sm accumulated in wheat plants at higher exposure doses. Increment of MDA content by Ce and Sm treatments showed that these metals caused oxidative stress in wheat plants. Ce and Sm blocked enzymatic antioxidant system (superoxide dismutases, peroxidase and polyphenol peroxidase) in wheat. In wheat plants treated with lower Ce and Sm concentrations higher amounts of non-enzymatic antioxidant metabolites were detected. Thus, we showed the potential negative impact of unsuitable utilization of REEs in plants and suggested growth and interruption in physiological and biochemical mechanisms as a possible factor to recognize the underlying toxicological processes.
Checklist of digenean fauna infecting fishes of Kerala region, India
Authors: Prasadan P. K. , Veettil Nisha Puthiya , Janardhanan Jithila Puthiyakandy , Chacko Sherin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A checklist of digenetic trematodes of fishes (both freshwater, brackish and marine) from Kerala is prepared on the basis of scientific articles published during the period from 1970 to 2022. To date, 94 species (72 adults and 22 metacercariae) belonging to 26 families and 62 genera were documented. The largest Family reported here is Hemiuridae under which ten genera and 23 species have been documented. For each parasite species, information is provided on the host(s), developmental stage(s), site(s) of infection, geographical locality (-ies) and the published source(s). Available illustrations have also been presented. ‘Keys to the Trematoda’ Volumes 1 to 3 are followed for presenting taxonomic status. The checklist forms the first complete listing of digenetic trematodes infecting marine, brackish and freshwater fishes of Kerala region, India. The current effort fills the demand for a checklist on diverse trematode fauna parasitizing fishes of Kerala which will be helpful to future researchers working on fish parasites.
Biomarker-based risk model to predict persistent multiple organ dysfunctions after congenital heart surgery – A prospective observational cohort study.
Authors: Benscoter Alexis L. , Alten Jeffrey A. , Atreya Mihir R. , Cooper David S. , Byrnes Jonathan W. , Nelson David P. , Ollberding Nicholas J. , Wong Hector R. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is an important cause of post-operative morbidity and mortality for children undergoing cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Dysregulated inflammation is widely regarded as a key contributor to bypass-related MODS pathobiology, with considerable overlap of pathways associated with septic shock. The pediatric sepsis biomarker risk model (PERSEVERE) is comprised of seven protein biomarkers of inflammation, and reliably predicts baseline risk of mortality and organ dysfunction among critically ill children with septic shock. We aimed to determine if PERSEVERE biomarkers and clinical data could be combined to derive a new model to assess the risk of persistent CPB-related MODS in the early post-operative period.
Methods: This study included 306 patients <18 years old admitted to a pediatric cardiac ICU after surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for congenital heart disease. Persistent MODS, defined as dysfunction of two or more organ systems on postoperative day 5, was the primary outcome. PERSEVERE biomarkers were collected 4 and 12 hours after CPB. Classification and Regression Tree methodology was used to derive a model to assess the risk of persistent MODS.
Results: The optimal model containing interleukin-8 (IL-8), chemokine ligand 3 (CCL3), and age as predictor variables, had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.86 (0.81-0.91) for differentiating those with or without persistent MODS, and a negative predictive value of 99% (95-100). Ten-fold cross-validation of the model yielded a corrected AUROC of 0.75.
Conclusions: We present a novel risk prediction model to assess the risk for development of multiple organ dysfunction after pediatric cardiac surgery requiring CPB. Pending prospective validation, our model may facilitate identification of a high-risk cohort to direct interventions and studies aimed at improving outcomes via mitigation of post-operative organ dysfunction.
Clinical Trial Registration Number: This study does not meet criteria for a clinical trial per the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform as no intervention was performed.
Implementation of a novel emergency department pain coach educator program: First year experience and evaluation
Authors: LeLaurin Jennifer H , Montague Magda , Salloum Ramzi G , Shiekh Sophia S , Hendry Phyllis 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: The ongoing opioid epidemic and rising number of patients with chronic pain have highlighted the need for alternative and integrative pain management approaches. A number of evidence-based nonpharmacologic pain management strategies are available; however, these approaches remain underutilized due to barriers such as time limitations, cost, and lack of clinician training. The aim of this work was to implement a nonpharmacologic pain coach educator program that addresses these barriers. We report an evaluation of the first year of program implementation in the emergency department of a large safety-net hospital.
Methods:We implemented a multimodal pain coach educator program that included education on pain neuroscience and over-the-counter analgesic options, demonstration of integrative techniques, and nonpharmacologic toolkits for home use. Implementation strategies included electronic health record tools, training and promotion, clinical champions, and clinician recognition. We used the RE-AIM framework to guide evaluation of the first year of program implementation using data from the electronic health record, quantitative and qualitative program records, and patient-reported outcomes.
Results:In the first year of program implementation 550 pain coach educator sessions were conducted. Upon immediate session completion, 61% of patients felt the program was helpful, 39% were unsure at the time, and none reported session was not helpful. Clinician feedback was overwhelmingly positive. Program cost per patient was $344.35. Adaptations to first year intervention and implementation strategies included modifications of session delivery timing for accommodation of clinical workflows, additions to program content to align with patient characteristics, and changes to patient identification strategies in response to the coronavirus 19 pandemic.
Conclusions:The PAMI pain coach educator program provides a model for nonpharmacologic pain management programs which can be scaled up and adapted for other settings. This work demonstrates the importance of intervention and implementation strategy adaptations to enhance program reach and effectiveness.
Cloning, Expression and Purification of Eimeria maxima gametocyte antigen-EmGam56 for control of Poultry Coccidiosis
Authors: Ramalingam Vijayashanthi , Muthusamy Raman , Borah Kasturi , Palavesam Azhahianambi , Gopal Dhinakarraj 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Poultry coccidiosis is an important devitalizing enteric protozoan disease caused by a group of obligatory intracellular apicomplexan parasites of the Genus Eimeria contributing to major economic loss in commercial poultry worldwide. As the current method of chemotherapeutic control using Ionophores in feed had led to development of drug resistant isolates, the need for development of prophylactic vaccines is the most viable alternate and eco-friendly control strategy as on date. Of the several candidate vaccines, the EmGam 56 is one of the most promising candidates which protect the birds against E.maxima, E.tenella and E.acervulina, the three most pathogenic coccidian species infecting commercial chicken.EmGam56 is a major wall forming component of macrogametocyte of E.maxima and a candidate with high immunogenicity and low virulence. Based on the above, the present study was planned and carried out for the generation of E.coli expressed recombinant gametocyte antigen-EmGam56 using pET 28(a+) as cloning vector and BL21 DE3 (pLysS) as expression vector in a Bio-fermentor (New Brunswick™ Scientific BioFlo 310). The recombinant protein was purified by conventional (Ammonium sulfate) and by automatic purification system (AKTA prime) in Ni-NTA column for a planned immunization trial with experimental chickens.
A novel terahertz metamaterial absorber based on split-relief design for the application of refractive index sensing
Authors: Abdulkarim Yadgar I. , Muhammadsharif Fahmi F. , Appasani Bhargav , Bakır Mehmet , Karaaslan Muharrem , Rezaei Pejman , Khatami Seyed Amin , Daraei Omid Mohsen , Zamzam Pouria , Dong Jian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Metamaterial (MM)-based designs have tremendous applications in terahertz (THz) frequency regimes. THz metamaterial absorbers are a subclass of metamaterial-based designs that can absorb the incident THz electromagnetic radiations in the THz band. In this paper, four different designs of THz metamaterial absorbers are proposed which are based on split-relief (SR) design. The designs consist of a sun-shaped, SR sun-shaped, star-shaped and SR star-shaped resonators coated on top of a dielectric substrate. The resonance frequencies of the designs were found to be 0.70, 1.04, 0.41 THz and 0.60 THz, respectively. Results showed that the resonance frequency was independent on the incident and polarization angles, making a unique metamaterial absorber. The proposed absorbers were used to sense the thickness of the analyte and its refractive index. The thickness of the analyte can be sensed with a sensitivity of 73 GHz/um for the Sun design, 238 GHz/um for the SRSun design, 45.2 GHz/um for the Star design, and 133.4 GHz/um for the SRStar design. Similarly, the refractive index of the analyte can be sensed with a sensitivity of 1.581 THz/RIU for the Sun design, 4.053 THz/RIU for the SRSun design, 1.077 THz/RIU for the Star design, and 2.067 THz/RIU for the SRStar design when the analyte thickness was fixed at 3 μm. Further, the resonance mechanism has been explained with the help of electric and magnetic field distributions. Due to their high sensitivity, these designs can have profound applications in biomedical sensing.
An optofluidic antenna for enhancing the sensitivity of single-emitter measurements
Authors: Morales-Inostroza Luis , Folz Julian , Kühnemuth Ralf , Felekyan Suren , Wieser Franz-Ferdinand , Seidel Claus A.M. , Götzinger Stephan , Sandoghdar Vahid 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Many single-molecule investigations are performed in fluidic environments, e.g., to avoid unwanted consequences of contact with surfaces. Diffusion of molecules in this arrangement limits the observation time and the number of collected photons, thus, compromising studies of processes with fast or slow dynamics. Here, we introduce a planar optofluidic antenna (OFA), which enhances the fluorescence signal from molecules by about 5 times per passage, leads to about 7-fold more frequent returns to the observation volume, and significantly lengthens the diffusion time within one passage. We use single-molecule multi-parameter fluorescence detection (sm-MFD), fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) measurements to characterize our OFAs. The antenna advantages are showcased by examining both the slow (ms) and fast (50μs) dynamics of DNA four-way (Holliday) junctions with real-time resolution. The FRET trajectories provide evidence for the absence of an intermediate conformational state and introduce an upper bound for its lifetime. The ease of implementation and compatibility with various microscopy modalities make OFAs broadly applicable to a diverse range of studies.
Bayesian optimization of hydrogen plasma treatment in silicon quantum dot multilayer and application to solar cells
Authors: Kumagai Fuga , Gotoh Kazuhiro , Miyamoto Satoru , Kato Shinya , Kutsukake Kentaro , Usami Noritaka , Kurokawa Yasuyoshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Silicon quantum dot multilayer (Si-QDML) is a promising material for a light-absorber of all silicon tandem solar cells due to tunable bandgap energy in a wide range depending on the silicon quantum dot (Si-QD) size, which is possible to overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit. Since solar cell performance is degenerated by carrier recombination through dangling bonds (DBs) in Si-QDML, hydrogen termination of DBs is crucial. Hydrogen plasma treatment (HPT) is one of the methods to introduce hydrogen into Si-QDML. However, HPT has a large number of process parameters. In this study, we employed Bayesian optimization (BO) for the efficient survey of HPT process parameters. Photosensitivity (PS) was adopted as the indicator to be maximized in BO. PS (σp/σd) was calculated as the ratio of photo conductivity (σp) and dark conductivity (σd) of Si-QDML, which allowed the evaluation of important electrical characteristics in solar cells easily without fabricating process-intensive devices. 40-period layers for Si-QDML were prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition method and post-annealing onto quartz substrates. Ten samples were prepared by HPT under random conditions as initial data for BO. By repeating calculations and experiments, the PS was successfully improved from 22.7 to 347.2 with a small number of experiments. In addition, Si-QD solar cells were fabricated with optimized HPT process parameters; open-circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF) values of 689 mV and 0.67, respectively, were achieved. These values are the highest for this type of device, which were achieved through an unprecedented attempt to combine HPT and BO. These results prove that BO is effective in accelerating the optimization of practical process parameters in a multidimensional parameter space, even for novel indicators such as PS.
Nonlocal response of the planar metal layer
Authors: Burda Milan , Richter Ivan , Kwiecien Pavel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Nonlocal interactions of plasmonic nanostructures are currently being intensively investigated. It is generally accepted that nonlocal interactions are most pronounced on structures with nanometer unit sizes and affect the shape of spectral functions of characterizing quantities in the resonance region. Numerical analysis of nonlocal phenomena is very complicated and it is advantageous to use it for the analysis of geometrically more complex structures. For some simple structures it is possible to find analytical solutions which can then be used, among other purposes, to build semi-analytical approaches for the analysis of some more complex structures. This article is focused on the efficient description of nonlocal manifestations of a planar metal layer using a hydrodynamic model. This model is further extended to the more general case of two adjacent nonlocal layers (bilayers). The results for both single layer and bilayer case are presented and discussed in detail. Also, one of the here presented important technical results are the transfer matrices for the nonzero normal component of the current densities at the interfaces of the metal layer.
An AI-based algorithm for the automatic evaluation of image quality in canine thoracic radiographs
Authors: Banzato Tommaso , Wodzinski Marek , Burti Silvia , Vettore Eleonora , Muller Henning , Zotti Alessandro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and test an artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithm for detecting common technical errors in canine thoracic radiography. The algorithm was trained using a database of thoracic radiographs from three veterinary clinics in Italy, which were evaluated for image quality by three experienced veterinary diagnostic imagers. The algorithm was designed to classify the images as correct or having one or more of the following errors: rotation, underexposure, overexposure, incorrect limb positioning, incorrect neck positioning, blurriness, cut-off, or the presence of foreign objects, or medical devices. The algorithm was able to correctly identify errors in thoracic radiographs with an overall accuracy of 81.5% in latero-lateral and 75.7% in sagittal images. The most accurately identified errors were limb mispositioning and underexposure both in latero-lateral and sagittal images. The accuracy of the developed model in the classification of technically correct radiographs was fair in latero-lateral and good in sagittal images. The authors conclude that their AI-based algorithm is a promising tool for improving the accuracy of radiographic interpretation by identifying technical errors in canine thoracic radiographs.