bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coupling of NAD(P)H:FMN‐oxidoreductase and luciferase from luminous bacteria in a viscous medium: Finding the weakest link in the chain
Authors: Sutormin Oleg S. , Nemtseva Elena V. , Gulnov Dmitry V. , Sukovatyi Lev A. , Tyrtyshnaya Yekaterina S. , Lisitsa Albert E. , Kratasyuk Valentina A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study aims at revealing the mechanisms of the viscous medium effects on the kinetic features of NAD(P)H:FMN‐oxidoreductase from luminous bacteria (Red), which are exhibited in a single enzyme assay and in coupling with bacterial luciferase (BLuc). Different concentrations of glycerol and sucrose were used to vary the medium viscosity. The activity of Red, alone and in the presence of BLuc, was analyzed, as well as BLuc activity in the presence of Red, whereas in the absence of BLuc, the Red activity was suppressed in viscous medium, and in the presence of BLuc, the increase in Red activity was observed at low glycerol concentrations (5–20 wt%). The interaction of glycerol and sucrose with Red substrates FMN and NADH was studied using absorption spectroscopy and molecular dynamics. Glycerol was found to form hydrogen bonds with the phosphate groups of the substrates, unlike sucrose. A mechanism for the activation of Red in the presence of BLuc in glycerol solutions through the acceleration of FMN reoxidation was proposed. Thus, it was concluded that, under the conditions used, the weakest link of the coupled enzyme system BLuc‐Red in viscous medium is the FMN concentration, which depends on Red activity and the medium viscosity.
Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of combined oral and topical photoprotection with a standardized extract of Polypodium leucotomos (Fernblock®) in a Moroccan population with xeroderma pigmentosum
Authors: El Mansouri M. , Essaddouki S. , Mouradi M. , Oukerroum A. , El Fatoiki F. Z. , Truchuelo M. T. , Vitale M. A. , González S. , Chiheb S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare autosomal‐recessive genodermatosis resulting from a DNA‐repair defect syndrome. The purpose was to evaluate the prevention on new malignant lesions in patients taking a supplement with Fernblock® (Polypodium leucotomos extract [PLE]) and secondarily correlation with the photoprotective behavior.MethodsA prospective, single‐center and open cohort study was conducted over a 12‐month period. The study was performed in Morocco. Optimal photoprotection behavior was recommended. Patients were instructed to take one capsule containing 480 mg of Fernblock® and 5 mcg vitamin D and to apply sunscreen with a SPF50+ and Fernblock® every 2 h during sun exposure. The demographic, clinical, and dermatoscopic patient data were collected at baseline (T0) and following visits at 3 months (T3), 6 months (T6), and 12 months (T12) when it was assessed: Investigator Global Assessment (IGA), Patient/Guardian Global Assessment (PGA), Patient/Guardian Satisfaction Questionnaire, and Photographic and Adverse Events Registration. Pertinent statistical study was performed.ResultsEighteen patients completed the study. Eleven patients (61%) finished the study without new lesions. Seven patients developed new lesions by the end of the study. Among them, only 30% showed an ideal photoprotective behavior. The lack of an optimal photoprotective behavior increased the probability of developing lesions by 2.5 times with 95% confidence interval.ConclusionsIn our study, more than 60% of patients taking a supplement with Fernblock® did not develop new lesions, and furthermore, we detected that patients following almost ideal photoprotection were 2.5 times less likely to develop NMSC lesions.
Nematode–citrus plant interactions: host preference, damage rate and molecular characterization of Citrus root nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans
Authors: Bozbuga R. , Yildiz S. , Yuksel E. , Özer G. , Dababat A. A. , İmren M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Citrus plants are host to several plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs), which are microscopic organisms. Among PPNs, the citrus root nematode, T. semipenetrans (Cobb 1913) (Tylenchida: Tylenchulidae), causes significant damage to citrus plantations worldwide. Understanding citrus nematode populations, precise identification, host preference among citrus species, and damage threshold are crucial to control T. semipenetrans. The minutiae of citrus plant–nematode interactions, nematode density and molecular nematode identification are not well understood. In this study, nematode species and density in citrus orchards, host specialization, molecular and morphological characteristics of nematodes were assessed.
Molecular and morphological methods, host–nematode interactions, host (citrus species) preference, damage economic threshold (ET), and economic injury level (EIL) were determined using laboratory methods and field sampling. Citrus plantations in different provinces in the Mediterranean region of Turkey were investigated.
Nematode species were identified molecularly and morphologically. ITS sequences revealed that samples were infected by citrus root nematode T. semipenetrans. The lowest nematode density was in C. reticulata in Mersin (53 2nd stage juveniles (J2s) 100 g−1 soil), while the highest density was from Hatay in C. sinensis (12173 J2s 100 g−1 soil). Highest citrus nematode population density was on roots of C. reticulata, followed by C. sinensis, C. limon, and C. paradisi.
The citrus nematode is more common than was thought and population fluctuations change according to specific citrus species. Environmental conditions, host and ecological factors, such as temperature, soil pH, and soil nutrients, might influence nematode populations in citrus orchards. Investigating nematode density in diverse soil ecologies and the responses of different resistant/tolerant citrus species and cultivars to nematode populations is essential in future studies.
Evaluating the determinants of support for police militarization among officers
Authors: Welch Ryan M. , Mewhirter Jack , Wright James E. , Oh Jeongmin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe evaluate the determinants of officer support for their agency participating in the 1033 Program: a program that facilitates the flow of military hardware to local law enforcement agencies. In doing so, we provide insight into why officers demand such equipment, which, in turn, may partially explain patterns of program participation and equipment usage. We utilize a series of random forest models to examine survey data collected from officers in a large police department, finding that being White and exhibiting animus toward minority communities are highly predictive of officer support across models. Our findings validate long‐held public concerns regarding the distributional patterns and consequences of 1033 transfers: concerns that have led to a number of proposed policy changes at the state and federal levels meant to restrict program usage (e.g., EO‐13688, HR‐1694, MO HB‐330). Policy makers should consider how out‐group animus may drive distributional patterns and usage when considering policy reform.
Turning off the base: Social democracy's neoliberal turn, income inequality, and turnout
Authors: Polacko Matthew 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGreater party system polarization has recently been shown to influence voter turnout under conditions of higher income inequality. This article builds on these findings by introducing into the framework the policy positions of social democratic parties. It does so through multilevel regression on a sample of 30 advanced democracies in 111 elections, from 1996 to 2019. In doing so, it contributes to the identification of party policy offerings as a mechanism moderating inequality and turnout. It finds that income inequality significantly reduces voter turnout, which is substantially magnified when social democratic parties adopt rightward welfare state positions. It also finds that social democratic parties can largely mitigate the negative effects of inequality on turnout for low‐income individuals by offering leftist welfare state positions. The findings carry important implications for understanding the electoral consequences of both party positioning and rising inequality in advanced democracies.Related ArticlesSimon, Christopher A., and Raymond Tatalovich. 2022. “The Turnout Myth and Referendum Voting in the United States.” Politics & Policy 50(3): 472–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12483.Stockemer, Daniel, and Stephanie Parent. 2013. “The Inequality Turnout Nexus: New Evidence from Presidential Elections.” Politics & Policy 42(2): 221–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12067.Wilford, Allan M. 2020. “Understanding the Competing Effects of Economic Hardship and Income Inequality on Voter Turnout.” Politics & Policy 48(2): 314–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/polp.12344.
Perceiving as biased but nevertheless persuaded? Effects of fact–checking news delivered by partisan media
Authors: Chae Je Hoon , Lee Sang Yup , Song Hyunjin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe effectiveness of and its boundary conditions regarding fact–checking news exposure have significant normative and practical implications. While many of the prior studies have focused on the attitudinal consequences of fact–checking news delivered by neutral third parties such as fact–check organizations, relatively less is known as to the effect of fact–checking news delivered by partisan media. Based on the frameworks of motivated reasoning and the hostile‐media effect, we investigate the possibility of decoupling between attitudinal persuasion and perceptual backfire by fact–checking news by partisan media—that is, exposure to fact–checking news increases bias perception of such news yet nevertheless attitudinally persuades audiences. Based on a series of original experiments conducted in South Korea and in the United States, we find consistent support for our prediction, in that exposure to fact–checking news produces the corrective effects, yet at the same time perceived bias of the fact–checking news systematically varies as a function of the ideological slant of partisan media.
A review on the application of chicken immunoglobulin Y in aquaculture
Authors: Zhang Linpeng , Lin Li , Qin Zhendong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe widespread use of antimicrobial drugs in aquaculture has led to antibiotic residues in aquatic animals. Food safety problems caused by the misuse of antibiotics and antibiotic residues have caused widespread global concern. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop an alternative to antibiotics for use in aquaculture. Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) has attracted significant attention over recent years because it is readily available, simple to prepare, effective in inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms, free from environmental contamination and free from other toxic side effects. In this paper, we review the research progress relating to the basic structure, physicochemical properties and mechanism of action of IgY. We also highlight the applications of IgY in the control of aquatic animal disease, immunological diagnosis and the preservation of aquaculture products, thus providing a reference for future research and the wider application of IgY in aquaculture.
Digitalization and outward foreign direct investment of Chinese listed firms
Authors: Fan Linlin , Ou Jinghua , Yang Gongyan , Yao Shujie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDigital transformation has given firms new development capability. This paper portrays the overall digital transformation intensity of China's listed firms in 2007–20, and empirically examines the impact of digital transformation on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) and its transmission mechanisms for the first time. It is found that digital transformation significantly enhances OFDI with two transmission mechanisms: (1) reduced transaction costs and (2) improved production and operation efficiency [Correction added on 25 Aug 2023, after first online publication: The number of transmission mechanisms have been corrected from ‘three’ to ‘two’ in this version.] The impact is more pronounced in the host countries whose economies are more digitalized, in private enterprises, and in the service industries than in their respective counterparts.
Miura transformation for the “good” Boussinesq equation
Authors: Charlier C. , Lenells J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is well known that each solution of the modified Korteveg–de Vries (mKdV) equation gives rise, via the Miura transformation, to a solution of the Korteveg–de Vries (KdV) equation. In this work, we show that a similar Miura‐type transformation exists also for the “good” Boussinesq equation. This transformation maps solutions of a second‐order equation to solutions of the fourth‐order Boussinesq equation. Just like in the case of mKdV and KdV, the correspondence exists also at the level of the underlying Riemann–Hilbert problems and this is in fact how we construct the new transformation.
Tobacco usage in India: A meta‐analysis of evidence drawn from regional studies between 2010 and 2022
Authors: Pahari Shubhajit , Barman Diplina , Talukdar Rounik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo generate a national and zonal pooled estimate of current tobacco usage (CTU) in any form, as well as stratified gender and tobacco type (smokeless and smoke) specific estimates among the Indian population, utilising evidence from 2010 to 2022.MethodPubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, CINAHL and Google Scholar databases were searched for articles on tobacco use among Indian adults published between January 2010 and October 2022. The NIH Quality Assessment Tool was used to assess study quality, and a random‐effects inverse‐variance method was used to attain a pooled estimate of usage. Heterogeneity was estimated through I2 statistics and prediction intervals, and further subgroup analysis and meta‐regression were conducted. A leave‐one‐out analysis was done to establish the sensitivity of the pooled estimate.ResultsCTU prevalence of any form among the adult Indian population was 35.2% [confidence interval (CI) 25.27–45.92, I2 = 99.7, p < 0.001] between 2010 and 2022 with a wide Prediction interval between 3.19 to 78.74. The regionally drawn estimate for the years 2016–2022 was 44.3% (CI 30.57–58.64, I2 = 99.8, p < 0.01). Highest prevalence was found in the East zone (55.4%) followed by the northeast with 51.8% tobacco consumption. Although residual heterogeneity persisted after subgroup analysis, the variability in estimates showed statistical significance when considering disaggregated estimates across administrative zones and gender‐wise consumption. The estimated CTU among males was 54.1%, whereas in females it was 15%. Leave‐one‐out analysis indicated the findings are reliable and are not dependent on any one study.ConclusionThis review highlights differences in tobacco usage estimates from national‐level surveys and regional studies. More regionally representative surveys of tobacco usage to tailormade prevention efforts alongside increased regional efforts improved community‐level advocacy and more coordinated and stringent tobacco prevention policy implementation at national and state levels are warranted.
An enhancer trap system to track developmental dynamics in Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Marron Alan O. , Sauret‐Güeto Susanna , Rebmann Marius , Silvestri Linda , Tomaselli Marta , Haseloff Jim 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYA combination of streamlined genetics, experimental tractability and relative morphological simplicity compared to vascular plants makes the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha an ideal model system for studying many aspects of plant biology. Here we describe a transformation vector combining a constitutive fluorescent membrane marker with a nuclear marker that is regulated by nearby enhancer elements and use this to produce a library of enhancer trap lines for Marchantia. Screening gemmae from these lines allowed the identification and characterization of novel marker lines, including markers for rhizoids and oil cells. The library allowed the identification of a margin tissue running around the thallus edge, highlighted during thallus development. The expression of this marker is correlated with auxin levels. We generated multiple markers for the meristematic apical notch region, which have different spatial expression patterns, reappear at different times during meristem regeneration following apical notch excision and have varying responses to auxin supplementation or inhibition. This reveals that there are proximodistal substructures within the apical notch that could not be observed otherwise. We employed our markers to study Marchantia sporeling development, observing meristem emergence as defining the protonema‐to‐prothallus stage transition, and subsequent production of margin tissue during the prothallus stage. Exogenous auxin treatment stalls meristem emergence at the protonema stage but does not inhibit cell division, resulting in callus‐like sporelings with many rhizoids, whereas pharmacologically inhibiting auxin synthesis and transport does not prevent meristem emergence. This enhancer trap system presents a useful resource for the community and will contribute to future Marchantia research.
Social infrastructures and older adults' webs of care: COVID‐19 as spatial breach
Authors: Ho Elaine Lynn‐Ee , Gao Siyao , Lim Samantha S. F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper argues that the spatial restrictions and social distancing measures which older adults experienced during COVID‐19 can be interpreted as a spatial breach in their webs of care, impacting their ability to connect socially with others through formal and informal social infrastructures. Drawing on a qualitative study of 50 older adults in Singapore (which is part of a wider mixed‐methods project consisting of 1199 participants), the paper shows how spatial breaches manifest as tension points in the older adults' webs of care. The paper highlights the paradoxical and ageist impacts of vulnerability tropes that emphasise the alleged universal vulnerability of older adults to the coronavirus. It provides further insights on why some tension points in the older adults' webs of care become resolved through adjustments while others remain unresolved. This analysis furthers our understanding of how older adults cope with the social disconnection that may happen during spatial breaches, especially when it is due to the choices of others to withdraw socially. Conceptually, the paper demonstrates how care assemblages and social infrastructures work in tandem to modulate the older adults' webs of care dynamically. The paper situates social infrastructures as key resource components in the webs of care of older adults, functioning as formal or informal platforms through which they access material, financial or emotional resources. Importantly, the paper shows how particular social infrastructures may become prominent or recede in one's webs of care as the person's care assemblages dynamically adjust to personal circumstances and relationships. In doing so, the paper bridges hitherto distinct literatures on how social infrastructures and assemblages are used to understand social life.
A randomized cross‐over study of cryopreserved platelets in prophylactic transfusions of thrombocytopenic patients
Authors: Ang Ai Leen , Gan Linda Seo Hwee , Tuy Tertius Tansloan , Ang Chieh Hwee , Tan Chuen Wen , Tan Hwee Huang , Shu Pei Huey , Zhang Qingxiang , Cao Yang , Moorakonda Rajesh Babu , Pokharkar Yogesh , Lu Jia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe short shelf‐life of liquid‐stored platelets (LP) at 20–24°C poses shortage and wastage challenges. Cryopreserved platelets have significantly extended shelf‐life, and were safe and efficacious for therapeutic transfusions of bleeding patients in the Afghanistan conflict and phase 2 randomized studies. Although hematology patients account for half of platelets demand, there is no randomized study on prophylactic cryopreserved platelet transfusions in them.MethodsWe performed a phase 1b/2a randomized cross‐over study comparing the safety and efficacy of cryopreserved buffy coat‐derived pooled platelets (CP) to LP in the prophylactic transfusions of thrombocytopenic hematology patients.ResultsA total of 18 adults were randomly assigned 1:1 to CP and LP for their first thrombocytopenic period (TP) of up to 28‐days. A total of 14 crossed over to the other platelet‐arm for the second TP. Overall, 17 subjects received 51 CP and 15 received 52 LP. CP‐arm had more treatment emergent adverse event (29.4% vs. 13.3% of subjects, 9.8% vs. 3.8% of transfusions) than LP‐arm but all were mild. No thromboembolism was observed. Both arms had similar bleeding rates (23.5% vs. 26.7% of subjects) which were all mild. Subjects in CP‐arm had lower average corrected count increments than LP‐arm (mean [SD] 5.6 [4.20] vs. 22.6 [9.68] ×109/L at 1–4 h, p < .001; 5.3 [4.84] vs. 18.2 [9.52] ×109/L at 18–30 h, p < .001). All TEG parameters at 1–4 h and maximum amplitude (MA) at 18–30 h improved from baseline post‐CP transfusion (p < .05) though improvements in K‐time and MA were lower than LP (p < .05).DiscussionDuring shortages, CP may supplement LP in prophylactic transfusions of thrombocytopenic patients.
How do we build a comprehensive Vein‐to‐Vein (V2V) database for conduct of observational studies in transfusion medicine? Demonstrated with the Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study‐IV‐Pediatric V2V database protocol
Authors: Birch Rebecca Jeffries , Umbel Keith , Karafin Matthew S. , Goel Ruchika , Mathew Sunitha , Pace Wilson ,   for the NHLBI Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study‐IV‐Pediatric (REDS‐IV‐P)
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Recipient Epidemiology and Donor Evaluation Study‐IV‐Pediatric (REDS‐IV‐P) is the fourth iteration of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's REDS program and includes a focus on pediatric populations. The REDS‐IV‐P Vein‐to‐Vein (V2V) database encompasses linked information from blood donors, blood components, and patients to facilitate studies in transfusion medicine.Study Design and MethodsThe V2V database is an Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model database. The study period is April 1, 2019 through December 31, 2023. Data from all donors and donations at participating blood centers, all blood components derived from the donations, and all inpatient visits and selected outpatient visits at participating hospitals are included. The database captures all information within patient data domains not restricting data to a preselected subset of medical records.ResultsThe V2V database contains data from 7 blood centers and 22 hospitals. We project the database will have over 2 billion pieces of information from 1.3 million patients with 20.6 million healthcare encounters. The database will include data on approximately 1 million transfused units and 2.3 million donors with approximately 6.8 million donation visits.ConclusionThe REDS‐IV‐P V2V database is a comprehensive database with data from millions of blood donors, blood components, and patients. A diverse set of data from the encounters are included in the database such that emerging questions can likely be addressed. The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model is an efficient, flexible, and increasingly used common data model. The final de‐identified database will be publicly available.
Matrix factorizations, Reality and Knörrer periodicity
Authors: Spellmann Jan‐Luca , Young Matthew B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMotivated by periodicity theorems for Real ‐theory and Grothendieck–Witt theory and, separately, work of Hori and Walcher on the physics of Landau–Ginzburg orientifolds, we introduce and study categories of Real matrix factorizations. Our main results are generalizations of Knörrer periodicity to categories of Real matrix factorizations. These generalizations are structurally similar to (1,1)‐periodicity for ‐theory and 4‐periodicity for Grothendieck–Witt theory. We use techniques from Real categorical representation theory, which allow us to incorporate into our main results equivariance for a finite group and discrete torsion twists.