bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics Study and Simultaneous Quantification of Eight
Schisandra Lignans in Normal Rats by LC-MS/MS after Oral
Administration of Schisandra Lignan Extract
Authors: Yu Yan , Yu Yongduo , Wu Zhenqi , Zhang Shiyu 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Schisandra chinensis has been widely used. It has many pharmacological activities. Lignans, including schizandrol A, schizandrin A, schisandrin B, schisanhenol, gomisin E, gomisin H, gomisin J, gomisin N, etc., are the major active ingredients of Schisandra chinensis.

Objective:
In the present study, the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of Schisandra lignans in normal rats.

Methods:
Nifedipine was used as an internal standard, and chromatographic separation was achieved on Agela Venusil C18 Plus (4.6*100mm, 3μm). Aqueous solution containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid was used as the mobile phase A, and methanol solution containing 0.1% (v/v) formic acid was used as the mobile phase B for gradient elution. The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with positive electrospray ionization was used to detect the analytes.

Results:
The calibration curves provided reliable responses at concentrations of 0.5-200 ng/ml for schizandrin A, schisandrin B, schisanhenol, gomisin E, gomisin H, gomisin N, concentrations of 10-200 ng/ml for schizandrol A, and concentrations of 5-200 ng/ml for gomisin J. The inter- and intra-day coefficients of variations (CVs) for the precision ranged from 6.70% (3.44%) to 11.66% (10.38%). The inter- and intra-day accuracies of eight lignans ranged from 95.70% (93.89%) to 104.59% (106.13%). No significant variation of any of the lignans occurred in the stability tests.

Conclusion:
The established method can be successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of the Schisandra lignan extract in normal rats.
Evaluation of the Composite Skin Patch Loaded with Bioactive Functional
Factors Derived from Multicellular Spheres of EMSCs for Regeneration of
Full-thickness Skin Defects in Rats
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Shi Wentao , Wang Xun , Zou Yin , Xiang Wen , Lu Naiyan 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Transplantation of stem cells/scaffold is an efficient approach for treating tissue
injury including full-thickness skin defects. However, the application of stem cells is limited by preservation
issues, ethical restriction, low viability, and immune rejection in vivo. The mesenchymal stem cell
conditioned medium is abundant in bioactive functional factors, making it a viable alternative to living
cells in regeneration medicine.

Methods:
Nasal mucosa-derived ecto-mesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) of rats were identified and
grown in suspension sphere-forming 3D culture. The EMSCs-conditioned medium (EMSCs-CM) was
collected, lyophilized, and analyzed for its bioactive components. Next, fibrinogen and chitosan were
further mixed and cross-linked with the lyophilized powder to obtain functional skin patches. Their capacity
to gradually release bioactive substances and biocompatibility with epidermal cells were assessed
in vitro. Finally, a full-thickness skin defect model was established to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of
the skin patch.

Results:
The EMSCs-CM contains abundant bioactive proteins including VEGF, KGF, EGF, bFGF,
SHH, IL-10, and fibronectin. The bioactive functional composite skin patch containing EMSCs-CM lyophilized
powder showed the network-like microstructure could continuously release the bioactive proteins,
and possessed ideal biocompatibility with rat epidermal cells in vitro. Transplantation of the composite
skin patch could expedite the healing of the full-thickness skin defect by promoting endogenous
epidermal stem cell proliferation and skin appendage regeneration in rats.

Conclusion:
In summary, the bioactive functional composite skin patch containing EMSCs-CM lyophilized
powder can effectively accelerate skin repair, which has promising application prospects in the
treatment of skin defects.
Audit Partner Engagement in Charities and Client Financial Reporting Quality
Authors: De Franco Gus , Ji Yuan , Zhang Yinqi 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY
This study uses large-sample archival data to examine the relation between audit partners’ charity engagement and their full-time job performance. Volunteering in a critical position at a charity may reflect innate personality traits that lead to better partner performance. However, charity engagement can decrease audit partners’ available working time and may, therefore, negatively impact their performance and clients’ financial reporting quality. Using accounting misstatements as our primary measure of financial reporting quality, we find a positive relation between volunteering and job performance: financial reporting quality is higher for the clients of audit partners who volunteer at a charity. The relation is more pronounced when the partner volunteers to serve as the charity’s board chair or donates to the charity. Although we study just one type of professional, our results speak to the broader question of the benefits and costs of volunteering.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: M40; M42.
Institutions and Corporate Tax Evasion: A Review of the Literature and a Methodological Approach
Authors: Kanagaretnam Kiridaran , Lee Jimmy , Lim Chee Yeow , Lobo Gerald J. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We first review the recent research published in the Journal of International Accounting Research (JIAR) on the influence of international institutions on accounting practices. We follow this with a discussion of the literature by studying the influence of institutions on tax avoidance and tax evasion. We then propose a new methodological approach that draws on the theory of institutional hierarchy proposed by Williamson (2000) and examine the relative importance of three broad types of institutions (informal, formal, and media) in curtailing perceived tax evasion activities. We contribute to the international accounting literature by summarizing the recent research that addresses tax avoidance and tax evasion and by providing preliminary evidence on how employing an institutional hierarchy approach can address the interdependencies between commonly used institutional factors.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: H26; G28; O16.
Crowdsourced Forecasts and the Market Reaction to Earnings Announcement News
Authors: Schafhäutle Sandra G. , Veenman David 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
This study examines whether crowdsourced forecasts of earnings and revenues help investors unravel bias in earnings announcement news, which is commonly derived from analyst forecasts. Our results suggest that investors, on average, understand and price the predictive signals reflected in crowdsourced forecasts about the bias in analyst-based earnings and revenue surprises. Using the staggered addition of firms to the Estimize platform, we find that crowdsourced coverage is associated with reductions in the mispricing of forecast bias and declines in earnings announcement premia. We further find some evidence that managers use income-increasing accruals to meet the crowdsourced forecast benchmark and that they respond to crowdsourced coverage through increased downward earnings and revenue guidance. Overall, we conclude that user-generated content on crowdsourced financial information platforms helps investors discount biases in traditional equity research and thereby better process the news in earnings announcements.
JEL Classifications: G14; G20; M41.
Common Ownership, Executive Compensation, and Product Market Competition
Authors: Bloomfield Matthew J. , Friedman Henry L. , Kim Hwa Young 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTThe negative effects of common ownership on competition have received significant attention, but many proposed mechanisms for institutional investor influence seem implausible. We develop and test an analytical model of optimal compensation in an oligopoly with common ownership, focusing on revenue-based pay as a plausible channel through which institutional investors might influence competition. Our model implies a negative effect of common ownership on firms’ use of revenue-based pay. Using both associative analyses and an event study difference-in-differences design based on plausibly exogenous institutional mergers, we find no evidence of a negative relation between common ownership and the use of revenue-based pay, except in an economically small subsample of extremely concentrated owners. Results involving relative performance incentives are similar. Collectively, our results provide no support for the notion that cross-owning blockholders in general influence compensation contracts in order to soften executives’ incentives to compete aggressively.Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.JEL Classifications: D43; G30; L13; M12; M40; M52.
Lost for Words – Bilateral Vocal Cord Paresis following Renal Dialysis of a Thyroidectomy Patient
Authors: Gluch Laurence , Poels Deepali 
Published: September 2023

A patient underwent a total thyroidectomy for a small papillary thyroid cancer. Her vocal cord function was assessed as being normal post-operatively. A week later she underwent her first veno-venous renal dialysis for deteriorating renal function during the post-operative period. Within 48 hours she had developed bilateral vocal cord paresis, presumed to be on the basis of bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve oedema precipitated by massive fluid shifts in the fresh surgical bed. Her voice recovered over the subsequent days as her fluid balance normalized.
HIDRAULIČKA ANALIZA ODVOĐENJA UPOTREBLJENIH VODA NASELJA KUKUJEVCI
Authors: Prodanović Marko , Jeftenić Goran 
Published: September 2023

U ovom radu su definisani osnovni elementi kanalizacije otpadnih voda za naselje Kukujevci. Urađeni su potrebni hidraulički proračuni za povučene trase kanalizacione mreže i usvojene potrebne dimenzije onsnovnih objekata mreže. Prilikom proračuna uzeta je u obzir i buduća planirana količina otpadne vode koja će doticati iz naselja Erdevik i Bingula.
Soluciones poéticas entre la oralidad y la escritura en el romance Blancaflor y Filomena
Authors: Álvarez Ávalos Lilia 
Published: September 2023

El romance de Blancaflor y Filomena implica la conjunción de diversos fenómenos relacionados con la lengua, la escritura y la voz. Por una parte, está el hecho de su difusión por medio de letras clásicas y cultas, cuya principal referencia remite a Las metamorfosis de Ovidio (1985). Incluso así, este romance se ha difundido y recreado también en la tradición oral, lo que ocasionó que viviera en variantes y que adoptara más de un estilo del género romancístico, en el que convivió tanto con la transmisión oral como con la influencia de la escritura. Este romance cuenta con la mención de la escritura dentro de su narración y ese es justo el elemento a analizar en este estudio. Dicha mención es tan poco común dentro del género como numerosa en el desarrollo que adquiere en sus distintas versiones. Considero que esta peculiaridad ha provocado las más diversas maneras de recrear el manejo de la escritura en un romance que se caracteriza por ser transmitido principalmente de forma oral. De esta manera, el objetivo de este trabajo será analizar las soluciones poéticas que la transmisión de este romance gestó ante la aparición de la escritura, a partir del motivo que he llamado “creación y envío de mensaje”.
Poetics Solutions Between Orality and Writing in the Romance Blancaflor y Filomena
Abstract
The romance of Blancaflor y Filomena implies the conjunction of various phenomena related to language, writing and voice. On the one hand, there is the fact of its diffusion through classical and cultured literature, whose main reference refers to Ovid’s Metamorphoses. Even so, this romance has also been spread and recreated in the oral tradition, which caused it to live in variants and to adopt more than one style of the romance genre, in which it coexisted both with oral transmission and with the influence of writing. This romance has the mention of writing within its narration and that is just the element to analyze in this study. Said mention is as rare within the genre as it is numerous in the development it acquires in its different versions. I believe that this peculiarity has led to the most diverse ways of recreating the handling of writing in a romance that is characterized by being transmitted mainly orally. In this way, the objective of this work will be to analyze the poetic solutions that the transmission of this romance generated before the appearance of writing, from the reason that I have called “creation and sending of messages”.
Recibido: 9 de mayo de 2023
Dictaminado: 29 de junio de 2023
Aceptado: 10 de julio de 2023
Water Quality Parameters Evaluation of Sipna Stream, Duhok area, Kurdistan Region-Iraq
Authors: Solaiman Muslih A. , Al-Jaleel Hikmat S. , Hassan Imaddadin 
Published: September 2023

Due to the security situation surrounding the Sipna area, there has been a rapid migration of the population to the Sipna area over the past fifteen years, which has increased agricultural activities as well as some small and medium factories. This has necessitated the evaluation of the water quality and its appropriateness for various uses in the Sipna area. The Sipna stream, which is part of the Greater Zab River, is located in the Sheladize area, 60 km to the northeast of Duhok City in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Between the low-flow season (12-October/2021) and the high-flow season (18-April/2022), forty surface water samples were taken by polyethylene bottle from both seasons. The study aims to assess the quality of surface water and the extent of the impact of human activities on the Sipna stream and the possibility of using it as a database for comparison in the future. The findings indicate that Ca-bicarbonate and TDS values range from 219-606 ppm with an average of 321 ppm for the dry season and 188-685 ppm with an average of 251 ppm for the wet season, it is the dominant water type in the study area. According to to mean values, the main ion concentrations for cations were Ca2+> Mg2+> Na+> K+, and HCO3-> SO42-> Cl-> NO3- anions. The most prevalent hydrochemical natural processes are rock weathering and its mainly responsible for the water quality in the study area. Water indices and comparisons to the WHO standard revealed that the Sipna stream's quality is suitable for use as drinking water and a wide range of other purposes.
Assessment of inflammatory status and oxidative stress in readymade garment manufacturing workers of Garden Reach-Metiabruz area of Kolkata
Authors: Mandal Labonya , Gangopadhyay Somnath , Chattopadhyay Alok 
Published: September 2023

Objectives:
The textile industry including readymade garment manufacturing contributes substantially to the foreign exchange earned by India. More than 45 million people are employed in this industry. Our previous study revealed a compromised lung function (obstructive and mixed) in readymade garment manufacturing workers in the Garden Reach-Metiabruz region of Kolkata. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of the work environment on the immune health at the local and systemic levels of the workers of this region. Oxidative stress encountered by the workers was also assessed.

Materials and Methods:
Male workers of age group 18–35 years (n = 80) from readymade garment manufacturing units of Garden Reach-Metiabruz region of Kolkata, India were selected for the study. The control group was selected from the same region unexposed to the factory environment. Blood samples were collected from both groups for estimation of cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), cortisol and anti-oxidants of the subjects. Sputum samples from dust-exposed workers were studied for alveolar macrophages.

Results:
Accumulation of alveolar macrophages in the sputum was noted in the workers which indicated a local inflammation. A systemic inflammatory state was revealed by elevated proinflammatory cytokines and CRP. Reduction in antioxidants noted is an indicator of oxidative stress in the workers.

Conclusion:
A chronic proinflammatory condition exists in these workers and may be the underlying cause of the compromised respiratory status noted in the workers of this region. The inflammatory condition may lead to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders, autoimmune disorders, etc., later in life. This might also influence the outcome of various respiratory infections like the current COVID-19.
METHOD OF SIGNAL PROCESSING IN ADAPTIVE ANTENNA ARRAY
Authors: Дементьев А.Н. , Новиков А.Н. , Арсеньев К.В. , Куркин А.Н. , Жуков А.О. , Карцан И.Н. 
Published: September 2023

Адаптивное формирование луча является универсальным подходом для усиления интересующего сигнала при подавлении мешающих сигналов и шумов на выходе массива датчиков. Фундаментальные основы таких систем не новы, они базируются на теории фильтров Вайнера. Ранее их применение на практике было ограничено. Стремительное развитие в последние десятилетия электронных компонентов и вычислительной техники изменило ситуацию, предоставив возможность сложной обработки сигналов в реальном времени с минимальными затратами. Технология адаптивного формирования луча успешно используется в широком спектре приложений как в оборонной, так и в гражданской сфере. Массив состоит из набора датчиков, выходы которых объединяются для получения желаемого эффекта. Перестраивая амплитуду и фазу волновых фронтов на каждом датчике, можно электронным способом направить луч в нужную сторону и установить нули в других направлениях. Известно, что приемная антенная решетка может направлять свой главный луч в любую сторону путем изменения комплексного веса каждого элемента. Однако при одном наборе весов сложно одновременно направить луч и нуль в две заданные стороны.
Adaptive beamforming is a versatile approach for amplifying the signal of interest while suppressing interfering signals and noise at the output of a sensor array. The fundamentals of such systems are not new; they are based on the theory of Weiner filters. Previously, their application in practice was limited. The rapid development of electronic components and computing technology in recent decades has changed the situation, providing the possibility of complex real-time signal processing with minimal cost. Adaptive beamforming technology has been successfully used in a wide range of applications in both defense and civilian applications. The array consists of a set of sensors whose outputs are combined to produce the desired effect. By tuning the amplitude and phase of the wavefronts at each sensor, it is possible to electronically steer the beam in the desired direction and set nulls in other directions. It is known that a receive antenna array can steer its main beam in any direction by changing the complex weight of each element. However, with a single set of weights, it is difficult to simultaneously steer the beam and null in two given directions.
Pengembangan bakat untuk atlet di usia muda: Pembahasan dalam pendekatan spesialisasi awal versus multilateral
Authors: Sumarno Sumarno , Imawati Veni 
Published: September 2023

Abstrak: Bakat di usia muda dapat dilihat sebagai salah satu titik berangkat dalam membahas pencapaian prestasi olahraga. Gagasan tentang bakat terus memainkan peran penting dalam sebagian besar model pengembangan atlet. Dalam ulasan singkat ini, kami menyoroti perhatian pada gagasan tentang bakat dan bagaimana hal itu dikonseptualisasikan dalam sistem olahraga pada usia dini. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan tentang dua jalur pengembangan bakat usia muda, yaitu spesialisasi awal dan multilateral. Beberapa pelatih, orang tua, dan anak-anak percaya bahwa cara terbaik untuk mengembangkan atlet elit adalah dengan berpartisipasi hanya dalam satu olahraga sejak usia dini dan memainkannya sepanjang tahun. Di pihak lain, menilai memilih jalur multilateral berguna untuk dasar menuju tahap spesialisasi olahraga dan memberikan dasar fundamental motorik dan fisik yang menyeluruh bagi anak. Pembahasan kami mengarah pada akar pengembangan bakat olahraga; spesialisasi awal versus multilateral pada bakat usia dini; dan solusi dalam pelatihan dan pengembangan atlet usia muda.

Abstract: Talent at an early age can be seen as a starting point in discussing sports achievement offers. The notion of talent continues to play an important role in most models of athlete development. In this brief review, we examine the notion of talent and how it is conceptualized in sport systems at an early age. This article aims to talk about two pathways of youth talent development, namely early specialization and multilateral. Some coaches, parents, and children believe that the best way to develop elite athletes is to participate in only one sport from an early age and play it year-round. On the other hand, assessing choosing a multilateral pathway for the foundation towards the stage of sports specialization and providing a comprehensive foundation of motor and physical fundamentals for children. Our discussion goes to the roots of developing sports talent; early versus multilateral specialization in early talent; and solutions in the training and development of young athletes.
Meningkatkan rasa percaya diri melalui konseling kelompok bagi siswa kelas IX H di SMP Negeri 1 Karangan Kabupaten Trenggalek pada Semester II tahun pelajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Sukesi Sukesi 
Published: September 2023

Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian berfokus pada bagaimana guru membangun kepercayaan diri pembelajar siswa. Menanggapi permintaan yang berkembang ini, artikel ini memberikan penjelasan empiris, menggunakan penelitian Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Intervensi role-play yang dituliskan dilakukan selama delapan pertemuan mengikuti protokol penelitian Tindakan kelas dengan direncanakan terlaksana dua siklus. Masing-masing siklus terdiri dari dua pertemuan yang diikuti 31 siswa. Instrumen yang digunakan meliputi: (1) Angket, (2) observasi, (3) wawancara, (4) Catatan lapangan, dan (5) dokumentasi. Analisis data meliputi (1) Reduksi data, (2) Penyajian data, dan (3) Penarikan kesimpulan atau verifikasi, (4) Tahap tindak lanjut Pendekatan penelitian tindakan ini memainkan peran penting dalam mengembangkan kepercayaan diri siswa kelas IX H di SMP Negeri 1 Karangan Kabupaten Trenggalek Pada Semester II tahun pelajaran 2022/2023. (1) Diharapkan siswa yang mempunyai masalah berkonsultasi dengan guru pembimbing, dengan bantuan guru pembimbing siswa bisa mendapatkan gambaran untuk bisa mangambil keputusan untuk memecahkan masalahnya. (2) Guru Pembimbing hendaknya lebih kreatif menggunakan metode dalam pemberian bantuan penanganan pada siswa bermasalah, agar siswa lebih tertarik dan merasa nyaman dan (3) Lembaga sekolah hendaknya memfasilitasi kegiatan konseling kelompok maupun kegiatan Bimbingan Konseling.