bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and suicidal ideations among Palestinians: The mediating role of spirituality, social support and mindfulness
Authors: Mahamid Fayez , Bdier Dana , Jabr Samah , Hinnawi Zaynab 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The current study aimed to test whether social support, spirituality and mindfulness mediated the association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and suicidal ideation among Palestinians. The study sample consisted of 520 Palestinian adults selected using online tools. The findings of the study revealed that posttraumatic stress symptoms positively correlated with suicidal ideations (r = .32, p < .01), and negatively correlated with social support (r = −.34, p < .01), spirituality (r = −.16, p < .05) and mindfulness (r = −.72, p < .01), whereas suicidal ideations negatively correlated with social support (r = −.46, p < .01), spirituality(r = −.27, p < .01) and mindfulness (r = −.72, p < .01). Results of the path analysis showed that social support, spirituality and mindfulness mediated the association between posttraumatic stress symptoms and suicidal ideations. Developing intervention programs to enhance social support, mindfulness and spirituality to mitigate the effect of ongoing traumatic experiences among Palestinians is crucial to reducing suicidal ideations. Further studies are also recommended to investigate the role of potentially protective factors that may reduce suicidal ideations and appropriate techniques to deal effectively with traumatic and stressful events.
Heavy-traffic limits for parallel single-server queues with randomly split Hawkes arrival processes
Authors: Li Bo , Pang Guodong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe consider parallel single-server queues in heavy traffic with randomly split Hawkes arrival processes. The service times are assumed to be independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) in each queue and are independent in different queues. In the critically loaded regime at each queue, it is shown that the diffusion-scaled queueing and workload processes converge to a multidimensional reflected Brownian motion in the non-negative orthant with orthonormal reflections. For the model with abandonment, we also show that the corresponding limit is a multidimensional reflected Ornstein–Uhlenbeck diffusion in the non-negative orthant.
STABILITY RESULTS ASSUMING TAMENESS, MONSTER MODEL, AND CONTINUITY OF NONSPLITTING
Authors: LEUNG SAMSON 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAssuming the existence of a monster model, tameness, and continuity of nonsplitting in an abstract elementary class (AEC), we extend known superstability results: let
$\mu>\operatorname {LS}(\mathbf {K})$
be a regular stability cardinal and let
$\chi $
be the local character of
$\mu $
-nonsplitting. The following holds: 1.When
$\mu $
-nonforking is restricted to
$(\mu ,\geq \chi )$
-limit models ordered by universal extensions, it enjoys invariance, monotonicity, uniqueness, existence, extension, and continuity. It also has local character
$\chi $
. This generalizes Vasey’s result [37, Corollary 13.16] which assumed
$\mu $
-superstability to obtain same properties but with local character
$\aleph _0$
.2.There is
$\lambda \in [\mu ,h(\mu ))$
such that if
$\mathbf {K}$
is stable in every cardinal between
$\mu $
and
$\lambda $
, then
$\mathbf {K}$
has
$\mu $
-symmetry while
$\mu $
-nonforking in (1) has symmetry. In this case:(a)
$\mathbf {K}$
has the uniqueness of
$(\mu ,\geq \chi )$
-limit models: if
$M_1,M_2$
are both
$(\mu ,\geq \chi )$
-limit over some
$M_0\in K_{\mu }$
, then
$M_1\cong _{M_0}M_2$
;(b)any increasing chain of
$\mu ^+$
-saturated models of length
$\geq \chi $
has a
$\mu ^+$
-saturated union. These generalize [31] and remove the symmetry assumption in [10, 38] .Under
$(<\mu )$
-tameness, the conclusions of (1), (2)(a)(b) are equivalent to
$\mathbf {K}$
having the
$\chi $
-local character of
$\mu $
-nonsplitting.Grossberg and Vasey [18, 38] gave eventual superstability criteria for tame AECs with a monster model. We remove the high cardinal threshold and reduce the cardinal jump between equivalent superstability criteria. We also add two new superstability criteria to the list: a weaker version of solvability and the boundedness of the U-rank.
Taxing the 1 per cent: Public Opinion vs Public Policy
Authors: Mathisen Ruben 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecent studies suggest that public policy in established democracies mainly caters to the interests of the rich and ignores the average citizen when their preferences diverge. I argue that high-income taxation has become a clear illustration of this pattern, and I test the proposition on a least likely case: Norway. I asked Norwegians to design their preferred tax rate structure and matched their answers with registry data on what people at different incomes actually pay in tax. I find that within the top 1 per cent, tax rates are far below (by as much as 23 percentage points) where citizens want them to be. A follow-up survey showed that this divergence is entirely driven by capital incomes being taxed too low. My results suggest that even in a reasonably egalitarian society like Norway, the rich get away with paying considerably less in tax than what people deem fair.
Morph-specific fitness throughout the life cycle of the grain aphid, nonhost-alternating, holocyclic Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Authors: Wu Yu-Ting , Hu Xiang-Shun , Wu Meng-Chu , Yao Wen-Ying , Xu Xiang-Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAphids exhibit seasonally alternating asexual and sexual reproductive modes. Different morphs are produced throughout the life cycle. To evaluate morph-specific fitness during reproductive switching, holocyclic Sitobion avenae were induced continuously under short light conditions, and development and reproduction were compared in each morph. Seven morphs, including apterous and alate virginoparae, apterous and alate sexuparae, oviparae, males, and fundatrices, were produced during the life cycle. The greatest proportions of sexuparae, oviparae, males, and virginoparae were in the G1, G2, G3, and G4 generations, respectively. Regardless of asexual or sexual morphs, alate morphs exhibited a marked delay in age at maturity compared with that of apterous morphs. Among the alate morphs, males had the longest age at maturity, followed by sexuparae and virginoparae. Among the apterous morphs, sexuparae were older at maturity than the fundatrices, virginoparae, and oviparae. The nymphs of each morph had equal survival potentials. For the same wing morphs, apterous sexuparae and oviparae exhibited substantial delays in the pre-reproductive period and considerable reductions in fecundity, compared with those of apterous virginoparae and fundatrices, whereas alate sexuparae and alate virginoparae had similar fecundity. The seven morphs exhibited Deevey I survivorship throughout the life cycle. These results suggest that sexual production, particularly in males, has short-term development and reproduction costs. The coexistence of sexual and asexual morphs in sexuparae offspring may be regarded as an adaptive strategy for limiting the risk of low fitness in winter.
Arazyme secreted by Serratia proteamaculans: current understanding in animal husbandry
Authors: Dang De Xin , Meng Wei Shuang , Li Shi Han , Wang Tieliang , Li Desheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractArazyme, an alkaline metalloprotease, is produced by Serratia proteamaculans, a symbiotic bacterium isolated from the intestinal ecosystem of Nephila clavata. Arazyme is known to play a crucial role in facilitating the digestion process in N. clavata. Recently, there has been increasing interest in exploring invertebrate-associated gut symbionts as a valuable source of novel and biologically active enzymes. Animal husbandry has shown significant interest in this spider-derived bioactive enzyme. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current understanding and knowledge of arazyme in the context of animal husbandry, offering valuable references for potential applications of this enzyme.
A Tripod ‘Worth Seeing’ in the Olympieion at Athens (Paus. 1.18.8)
Authors: Martens Brian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study proposes a new reconstruction of the tripod that Pausanias (1.18.8) recorded in the Olympieion at Athens. According to his brief description, the bronze tripod was supported by Persians made from Phrygian marble. A sculptor's sketch found during the excavations of the Athenian Agora is identified as a representation of that monument. The sketch, carved from poros limestone, depicts a standing male figure dressed in eastern attire supporting the foot of a tripod. The figural type finds its closest parallels among the colossal statues from the Forum of Trajan in Rome, suggesting a new date and context for the monument in the Olympieion. The scenario favoured here is that the tripod was dedicated following Trajan's victories in Parthia, perhaps completed or commissioned by Hadrian. Cassius Dio (68.17.2) records that Trajan departed for his Parthian campaigns from Athens, where memories of Persian defeat were actively curated.
Ontological security, myth, and existentialism
Authors: Kirke Xander , Steele Brent J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper contributes to this special issue by examining the existentialist themes re-emerging in Ontological Security Studies (OSS) and does so by proposing an under-explored and overlapping terrain regarding the function of myths and ontological security. What Blumenberg calls the ‘absolutism of reality’ becomes something to avoid through the process of telling, retelling, and adapting myths to suit our existential needs. The paper distinguishes our existentialist intervention into OSS from recent ones within that research community and then draws examples of the work on and of myth from the recent Covid-19 pandemic. Speaking to the need for OSS to develop an ethical-political perspective to not only explain but also change the world, the account we develop here also provides a pathway for an alternative politics based in counter-myth. It discloses, therefore, a promising and, in the face of rising authoritarianism and anti-democratic forces, necessary moral ethos regarding prescriptive ideas about what to do and how to confront and and counter the mounting challenges of global politics in the 2020s and beyond.
Autistic children’s visual sensitivity to face movement
Authors: Wang Qiandong , Li Xue , Gong Xiaoyun , Yin Tingni , Liu Qinyi , Yi Li , Liu Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is a pressing need for studies of large sample sizes and variable age ranges to delineate the mechanism underlying reduced visual attention to biological motion in autism. Here we focused on the basic movement of the eyes or mouth in guiding attention. The stimuli face blinked continuously or moved the mouth silently. In a large sample (145 autistic and 132 non-autistic participants) ranging from 3 to 17 years old, we assessed whether autistic participants showed reduced visual attention to basic movement of the eyes or mouth using a free-viewing eye-tracking task. We found that, like non-autistic participants, autistic participants increased their eye-looking time when viewing the blinking face and increased mouth-looking time when viewing the mouth-moving face. Furthermore, these effects were stable across ages, suggesting the presence of a developmentally stable attentional capture by basic face movements in both groups. We also found that autistic participants looked less at basic face movement than non-autistic participants. Our results suggest that autistic children and adolescents could modulate their visual attention to the basic face movements, but their modulation effect is weaker than non-autistic participants. These results further our understanding of the mechanism underlying visual attention-to-face movement in autistic people.
A novel web-based 24-h dietary recall tool in line with the Nova food processing classification: description and evaluation
Authors: Neri Daniela , Gabe Kamila Tiemann , Costa Caroline Dos Santos , Martinez Steele Euridice , Rauber Fernanda , Marchioni Dirce Maria , da Costa Louzada Maria Laura , Levy Renata Bertazzi , Monteiro Carlos Augusto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjective:This paper describes the first web-based self-completed 24-h recall designed to categorise food intake according to Nova groups – Nova24h – and its agreement with a reference tool in estimating the dietary relative contribution of the four Nova food groups (% of total energy intake).Design:Comparisons of estimates of dietary relative contributions of Nova groups obtained by Nova24h and one standard interviewer-led 24-h recall.Setting:Nationwide adult cohort study in Brazil.Participants:The subjects were 186 participants of the NutriNet Brasil Cohort Study (n 186).Results:No statistically significant differences were observed between the Nova24h and the reference tool mean contributions of unprocessed or minimally processed foods (52·3 % v. 52·6 %), processed culinary ingredients (11·6 % v. 11·9 %), processed foods (17·1 % v. 14·7 %) and ultra-processed foods (19·0 % v. 20·9 %). Intraclass correlation coefficients between individual estimates obtained for each Nova group showed moderate to good agreement (0·54–0·78). Substantial or almost perfect agreement between the tools was seen regarding the ability to rank participants according to quintiles of contribution of each Nova group (PABAK 0·69–0·81).Conclusions:Nova24h is a suitable tool for estimating the dietary relative energy contribution of Nova food groups in the NutriNet Brasil cohort. New studies are necessary to verify its adequacy in other populations.
The Great War and the Warfare–Welfare Nexus in British and French West African Colonies
Authors: Schmitt Carina , Shriwise Amanda 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the Global North, mass warfare created a huge demand for social protection, pushing governments to provide income for invalids, war victims, and the survivors of fallen soldiers. Most European colonial powers, including France and Great Britain, recruited soldiers and other security forces not only from their metropoles but also from their colonies during both World Wars. However, the question of how mass warfare influenced social reforms in former colonies has not been systematically addressed, particularly with respect to how these influences varied across colonial powers. To begin to address this gap, this paper explores the warfare–welfare nexus in the context of British and French colonies of West Africa around World War I (WWI). The paper finds that, while Britain and France had similar overarching imperial and military objectives in West Africa of securing their colonies, enforcing order within them, and promoting commerce to increase profit, they went about achieving them very differently, with direct and indirect implications for social reforms after WWI. While only a first step, research on the distinct nature of the warfare–welfare nexus in colonial contexts is critical in order to historicize and close research gaps by widening and deepening our understanding of social policy trajectories in countries of the Global South.
The Role of Organizational Institutionalization in Electoral Sustainability. A Comparative Analysis of the Spanish Far Right: Fuerza Nueva and VOX
Authors: Ortiz Barquero Pablo , González-Fernández Manuel Tomás , Ruiz Jiménez Antonia María 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on the most relevant far right parties since the restoration of democracy in Spain, namely, Fuerza Nueva and VOX. These two parties show divergent electoral trajectories. While the former had some ephemeral prominence during the democratic process of transition, the latter emerged in 2018 and, for the time being, seems to have become established in several political arenas. Through an in-depth qualitative examination, this research explores the role of the organizational institutionalization process in the divergent electoral sustainability of both parties. The results show that it is possible to identify a temporal link, as well as certain mechanisms, between the way in which the parties develop organizationally and their electoral sustainability. In other words, a solid organizational institutionalization process has a positive effect on electoral sustainability. Overall, these findings suggest the need to further strengthen the so-called “internalist perspective” in the agenda of the far right, which entails a more systematic view of the characteristics of the parties themselves to explain their performance.
Characterization, Sources, and Chemical Processes of Submicron Aerosols at a Mountain Site in Central China
Authors: Ou H. J. , Cai M. F. , Liang B. L. , Sun Q. B. , Zhou S. Z. , Xu Y. S. , Ren L. H. , Zhao J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA field campaign (29 May to 14 June 2018) was conducted at a mountain site in central China. The chemical composition of non‐refractory submicron particulate matter (NR‐PM1) and the particle number size distribution (PNSD) were measured, respectively. The mean NR‐PM1 mass concentration was 20.94 ± 10.14 μg m−3, among which organics (47%) was the most abundant component, followed by sulfate (37%), ammonium (11%), nitrate (4%), and chloride (1%). Notably, sulfate accounted for more than 70% of the secondary inorganic aerosols. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis of the composition data resulted in three organic aerosol (OA) factors: hydrocarbon‐like OA (HOA), oxygenated OA I (OOA‐I), and oxygenated OA II (OOA‐II). The secondary organic aerosol (SOA) composed of the latter two factors (SOA: OOA‐I + OOA‐II) was dominant in OA (80.7%). The PMF analysis of the PNSD data yielded three factors: new particle formation related mode, growth mode, and accumulation mode, among which the last factor dominated both number and volume ratios. The sulfate formation was characterized by the sulfur oxidation ratio (SOR), heterogeneous sulfate production rate (Phet), and gaseous sulfuric acid concentration, representing secondary sulfate transformation, heterogeneous reactions, and gas phase reactions, respectively. The results showed that Phet was well correlated with both sulfate concentrations and SOR, especially during the polluted periods. Our study demonstrates that photochemically‐driven heterogeneous reactions contribute dominantly to the sulfate formation and SOA is formed predominantly by photochemical oxidation of volatile organic compounds under high temperatures and ultraviolet (UV) intensities, and NOX concentrations on Mt. Wudang during the campaign period.
Interactive Stratospheric Aerosol Microphysics‐Chemistry Simulations of the 1991 Pinatubo Volcanic Aerosols With Newly Coupled Sectional Aerosol and Stratosphere‐Troposphere Chemistry Modules in the NASA GEOS Chemistry‐Climate Model (CCM)
Authors: Case Parker , Colarco Peter R. , Toon Brian , Aquila Valentina , Keller Christoph A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe have coupled the GEOS‐Chem tropospheric‐stratospheric chemistry mechanism and the Community Aerosol and Radiation Model for Atmospheres (CARMA), a sectional aerosol microphysics module, within the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Chemistry‐Climate Model (GEOS CCM) in order to simulate the interactions between stratospheric chemistry and aerosol microphysics. We use observations of the 1991 Mount Pinatubo volcanic cloud to evaluate this new version of the GEOS CCM. The GEOS‐Chem chemistry module is used to simulate the oxidation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) more realistically than assuming hydroxyl radical (OH) fields are constant, as OH concentrations in the plume decrease dramatically in the weeks following the eruption. CARMA simulates sulfate aerosols with dynamic microphysical and optical properties. The CARMA‐calculated aerosol surface area is coupled to the chemistry module from GEOS‐Chem for the calculation of heterogeneous chemistry. We use a set of observational and theoretical constraints for Pinatubo to evaluate the performance of this new version of the GEOS CCM. These simulations are specifically compared with satellite and in‐situ observations and provide insights into the connections between the gas‐phase chemistry and the aerosol microphysics of the early plume and how they impact the climatic and chemical changes following a large volcanic eruption. A second, smaller eruption is also included in these simulations, the 15 August 1991, eruption of Cerro Hudson in Chile, which we find essential in explaining the aerosol optical depth in the Southern Hemisphere in 1991.
Asymmetric Ionospheric Fluctuations Over the Circum‐Pacific Regions Following the January 2022 Tonga Volcanic Eruption
Authors: Li Wang , Zhu Haoze , Feng Jiandi , Wu Xuequn , Tang Jun , Zhang Zhen , Chen Junyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Hunga Tonga‐Hunga Ha'apai volcanic eruption on 15 January 2022 had a significant impact on the ionosphere‐thermosphere system, resulting in large‐scale ionospheric irregularities with longitudinal and latitudinal asymmetries. Multiple instruments recorded these irregularities, indicating the propagation of a westward wave at an average velocity of 354 ± 8 m/s, which led to plasma irregularities of 0.2 TECu/min. Conversely, an eastward‐propagating wave was detected on the Pacific's east coast, traveling at a speed of 348 ± 6 m/s, with a corresponding decrease in plasma fluctuations to 0.1 TECu/min. In Asia, noticeable plasma irregularities appeared within a few hours after the eruption, and the maximum speed exceeded 1,100 m/s, which cannot be explained by the acoustic wave model. There was also a significant latitudinal asymmetry of ionospheric disturbances in the Asian‐Oceania sector, with the plasma density around Oceania depleted by 2–3 orders of magnitude within the altitudes of ∼150–575 km, while the ion density over Asia was enhanced by 1–2 orders of magnitude, and was uplifted ∼50 km. The plasma temperature was proportional to ion density, indicating the ion temperature reduced ∼500 K and increased 100–200 K around Oceania and Asia, respectively. The equatorial electric field, vertical E × B drifts and thermospheric O/N2 density ratio also fluctuated significantly following the eruption, indicating the redistribution of charged particles due to the magnetic field mapping effect, which was the main contributor to the asymmetries observed.