bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between vitamin D serum levels, supplementation, and suicide attempts and intentional self-harm
Authors: Lavigne Jill E. , Gibbons Jason B. 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to determine the associations between Vitamin D supplementation, 25(OH) blood serum levels, suicide attempts, and intentional self-harm in a population of veterans in the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of US Veterans supplemented with Vitamin D. Veterans with any Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) or Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) fill between 2010 and 2018 were matched 1:1 to untreated control veterans having similar demographics and medical histories. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the time from the first Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) or Vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) prescription fill to the first suicide attempt or intentional self-harm. Analyses were repeated in stratified samples to measure associations by race (Black or White), gender (male or female), blood levels (0–19 ng/ml, 20–39 ng/ml, and 40+ ng/ml), and average daily dosage.

Results
Vitamin D3 and D2 supplementation were associated with a 45% and 48% lower risk of suicide attempt and self-harm ((D2 Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.512, [95% CI, 0.457, 0.574]; D3 HR = 0.552, [95% CI, 0.511, 0.597])). Supplemented black veterans and veterans with 0–19 ng/ml vitamin D serum levels were at ~64% lower risk relative to controls (Black Veteran HR: 0.362 [95% CI: 0.298,0.440]; 0–19 ng/ml HR: 0.359 [95% CI: 0.215,0.598]). Supplementation with higher vitamin D dosages was associated with greater risk reductions than lower dosages (Log Average Dosage HR: 0.837 [95% CI: 0.779,0.900]).

Conclusions
Vitamin D supplementation was associated with a reduced risk of suicide attempt and self-harm in Veterans, especially in veterans with low blood serum levels and Black veterans.
Accurate stratification between VEXAS syndrome and differential diagnoses by deep learning analysis of peripheral blood smears
Authors: Chabrun Floris , Lacombe Valentin , Dieu Xavier , Geneviève Franck , Urbanski Geoffrey 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
VEXAS syndrome is a newly described autoinflammatory disease associated with UBA1 somatic mutations and vacuolization of myeloid precursors. This disease possesses an increasingly broad spectrum, leading to an increase in the number of suspected cases. Its diagnosis via bone-marrow aspiration and UBA1-gene sequencing is time-consuming and expensive. This study aimed at analyzing peripheral leukocytes using deep learning approaches to predict VEXAS syndrome in comparison to differential diagnoses.

Methods
We compared leukocyte images from blood smears of three groups: participants with VEXAS syndrome (identified UBA1 mutation) (VEXAS); participants with features strongly suggestive of VEXAS syndrome but without UBA1 mutation (UBA1-WT); participants with a myelodysplastic syndrome and without clinical suspicion of VEXAS syndrome (MDS). To compare images of circulating leukocytes, we applied a two-step procedure. First, we used self-supervised contrastive learning to train convolutional neural networks to translate leukocyte images into lower-dimensional encodings. Then, we employed support vector machine to predict patients’ condition based on those leukocyte encodings.

Results
The VEXAS, UBA1-WT, and MDS groups included 3, 3, and 6 patients respectively. Analysis of 33,757 images of neutrophils and monocytes enabled us to distinguish VEXAS patients from both UBA1-WT and MDS patients, with mean ROC-AUCs ranging from 0.87 to 0.95.

Conclusions
Image analysis of blood smears via deep learning accurately distinguished neutrophils and monocytes drawn from patients with VEXAS syndrome from those of patients with similar clinical and/or biological features but without UBA1 mutation. Our findings offer a promising pathway to better screening for this disease.
The European Register of Specialists in Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine: code of conduct, version 3 – 2023
Authors: Queraltó Josep , Brady Jennifer , Carobene Anna , Homšak Evgenija , Wieringa Gijsbert 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Whilst version 2 focussed on the professional conduct expected of a Specialist in Laboratory Medicine, version 3 builds on the responsibilities for ethical conduct from point of planning to point of care. Particular responsibilities that are outlined include:

–
The need for evidence when planning a new service, providing assurance that a new test does not do harm

–
Maintaining respect for patient confidentiality, their religious/ethnic beliefs, the need for informed consent to test, agreement on retrospective use of samples as part of governance envelopes in the pre-analytical phase

–
Ensuring respect for patient autonomy in the response to untoward results generated in the analytical phase

–
Supporting the safety of patients in the post-analytical phase through knowledge-based interpretation and presentation of results

–
The duty of candour to disclose and respond to error across the total testing process

–
Leading initiatives to harmonise and standardise pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical phases to ensure more consistent clinical decision making with utilisation of demand management to ensure more equitable access to scarce resources

–
Working with emerging healthcare providers beyond the laboratory to ensure consistent application of high standards of clinical care

In identifying opportunities for wider contributions to resolving ethical challenges across healthcare the need is also highlighted for more external quality assurance schemes and ethics-based quality indicators that span the total testing process.
Conjugacy classes of maximal cyclic subgroups
Authors: Bianchi Mariagrazia , Camina Rachel D. , Lewis Mark L. , Pacifici Emanuele 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the number of conjugacy classes of maximal cyclic subgroups of a finite group 𝐺, denoted

η
⁢

(
G
)

\eta(G)

.
First we consider the properties of this invariant in relation to direct and semi-direct products, and we characterize the normal subgroups 𝑁 with

η
⁢

(

G
/
N

)

=

η
⁢

(
G
)

\eta(G/N)=\eta(G)

.
In addition, by applying the classification of finite groups whose nontrivial elements have prime order, we determine the structure of

G
/

⟨

G
−

⟩

G/\langle G^{-}\rangle

, where

G
−

G^{-}

is the set of elements of 𝐺 generating non-maximal cyclic subgroups of 𝐺.
More precisely, we show that

G
/

⟨

G
−

⟩

G/\langle G^{-}\rangle

is either trivial, elementary abelian, a Frobenius group or isomorphic to

A
5

A_{5}

.
Barriers to research opportunities among osteopathic medical students
Authors: Ho Angela , Auerbach Alyssa , Faulkner Jantzen J. , Guru Satvinder K. , Lee Amber , Manna David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Context
Despite the increase of importance placed on research, both by residency program directors and the medical field at large, osteopathic medical students (OMS) have significantly fewer research experiences than United States (U.S.) allopathic medical students and non-U.S. international medical graduates. However, few studies have addressed this long-standing discrepancy, and none directly have focused on osteopathic medical students to assess their unique needs. The literature would benefit from identifying the barriers osteopathic medical students encounter when participating in research and understanding the currently available resources.

Objectives
To assess the barriers that OMS face when seeking research opportunities, identify resources currently available to osteopathic medical students at their respective schools, and investigate factors that contribute to an osteopathic medical student’s desire to pursue research opportunities. Additionally, to investigate osteopathic medical students’ confidence in research methodology.

Methods
A survey was created by the investigators and administered to participants over a three-month period via a GoogleForm. Research participants were surveyed for demographic information, as well as their involvement in research projects in the past, mentor availability, institutional resources, motivation to participate in research, individual barriers to participation, and confidence in their ability to do independent research. Responses were de-identified and analyzed using Microsoft Excel functions to count data and calculate percentages, as well as Pearson’s chi square analysis.

Results
After relevant exclusion, 668 responses were included. Of the students surveyed, 85.9% (574) indicated they currently and/or in the past were involved in research. More than half of the respondents that are not currently involved in research are interested in pursuing it (86.9%; 344). The primary barriers students reported facing include lack of time (57.8%; 386), feeling overwhelmed and unsure how to start (53.4%; 357), and lack of access to research (53%; 354). 34.7% (232) of students stated they either did not have resources from their school or were unsure whether these resources were available. The two most cited motivations to pursue research included boosting their residency application and/or interest in the area of study. Male gender and current research were associated with reported confidence in research ( [4, n=662]=10.6, p<0.05).

Conclusions
Findings from this study provide a synopsis of the barriers to research opportunities among osteopathic medical students. Notably, ⅓ of OMSs reported an absence or unawareness of available research resources at their osteopathic medical schools.
Iqbal, Nietzsche, and Nihilism: Reconstruction of Sufi Cosmology and Revaluation of Sufi Values inAsrar-i-Khudî
Authors: Yılmaz Feyzullah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile the problem of nihilism is derived from a particular historical and intellectual context in Western philosophy, i.e., the pantheism controversy in modern German philosophy and the ideas of Nietzsche, non-Western thinkers also engaged with it and developed responses to it. In this article, I am interested in analyzing Muhammad Iqbal’s (1877–1938), a leading Muslim thinker (a Sufi) from India, engagement with the problem of nihilism and his response to it from a Sufi perspective. Arguing that the existing literature on Iqbal fails to understand the deeper impact of Nietzsche’s ideas on Iqbal’s philosophy and the dramatic role “the problem of nihilism” played in causing changes in Iqbal’s philosophy, or on Iqbal’s intellectual development, in this article, I analyze how Iqbal’s encounter with the ideas of Nietzsche during his study period in Europe between 1905 and 1908 has introduced him to the problem of nihilism in its Nietzschean form, how this led Iqbal to a nihilistic mood/crisis from 1909 to 1913, and then how he later developed a response to nihilism by reconstructing the Sufi cosmology and by revaluating the Sufi values of the pantheistic/Persian type of Sufism – the outcome of which is found in his philosophical poemAsrar-i-Khudî(1915).
Is There a Dualistic Protection System for Migrant Domestic Workers? The "Easy" and "Speedy" Ratification of the ILO Convention on Decent Work for Domestic Workers in Italy
Authors: Miyazaki Rie 
Published: February 2023

Domestic workers provide a variety of services and contribute significantly to the global economy. However, domestic work has long been undervalued in the labour market. In January 2013, Italy became the first country in Europe, and the first among the countries receiving migrant domestic workers, to ratify International Labour Organization Convention No. 189, the Domestic Workers Convention. In contrast to the unprecedented dedication to domestic workers’ labour rights specified in C189, the majority of domestic workers presently in Italy are migrant women and undeclared workers. This article draws on interviews to show how Italy’s ratification of C189 was accomplished through well-organised tripartism and top-down ratification processes, while perpetuating the undervaluation of the work status of migrant domestic workers.
KEYWORDS: Domestic workers; ILO Convention No. 189; Italy; migrant workers; labour protection
Predictive Equations to Estimate Relative Load Based on Movement Velocity in Males and Females: Accuracy of Estimation for the Smith Machine Concentric Back Squat
Authors: Mendonca Goncalo Vilhena , Fitas Afonso , Santos Paulo , Gomes Miguel , Pezarat-Correia Pedro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Mendonca, GV, Fitas, A, Santos, P, Gomes, M, and Pezarat-Correia, P. Predictive equations to estimate relative load based on movement velocity in males and females: accuracy of estimation for the Smith machine concentric back squat. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): 1559–1565, 2023—We sought to determine the validity of using the Smith machine bar velocity to estimate relative load during the concentric back squat performed by adult male and female subjects. Thirty-two subjects (16 men: 23.3 ± 3.8 and 16 women: 26.1 ± 2.7 years) were included. The load-velocity relationship was extracted for all subjects individually. Mean concentric velocity (MCV), combined with sex, was used to develop equations predictive of relative load (% one repetition maximum [1RM]). Prediction accuracy was determined with the mean absolute percent error and Bland-Altman plots. Relative strength was similar between the sexes. However, male subjects exhibited faster concentric MCV at 1RM (p < 0.05). Mean concentric velocity and the sex-by-MCV interaction were both significant predictors of %1RM (p < 0.0001), explaining 89% of its variance. The absolute error was similar between the sexes (men: 9.4 ± 10.0; women: 8.4 ± 10.5, p > 0.05). The mean difference between actual and predicted %1RM in Bland-Altman analysis was nearly zero in both sexes and showed no heteroscedasticity. The limits of agreement in both men and women were of approximately ±15%. Taken together, it can be concluded that sex should be taken into consideration when aiming at accurate prescription of relative load based on movement velocity. Moreover, predicting relative load from MCV and sex provides an error of approximately 10% in assessments of relative load in groups of persons. Finally, when used for individual estimations, these equations may implicate a considerable deviation from the actual relative load, and this may limit their applicability to training conditions in which extreme accuracy is required (i.e., more advanced lifters and athletes).
The Efficacy of a Multimodal Recovery Strategy Implemented After a High-Intensity Rugby League Training Session
Authors: Aben Hendrickus G. J. , Hills Samuel P. , Higgins Darren , Cooke Carlton B. , Davis Danielle , Jones Ben , Russell Mark 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aben, HGJ, Hills, SP, Higgins, D, Cooke, CB, Davis, D, Jones, B, and Russell, M. The efficacy of a multimodal recovery strategy implemented after a high-intensity rugby league training session. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): 1634–1642, 2023—The efficacy of a multimodal recovery strategy implemented within 4 hours of rugby league (RL) training was investigated using repeated-measures, randomized, crossover methods in 10 professional academy RL players (age: 17 ± 1 years). Following standardized training (5,383 m covered, 350-m high-speed running, 28 repeated high-intensity efforts, 24 collisions), players completed a multimodal recovery (REC) strategy (i.e., ∼640 kcal meal + ∼1,285 kcal snacks or drinks, cold-water immersion, sleep hygiene recommendations) or control (i.e., ∼640 kcal meal: CONT) practices. Isometric mid-thigh pulls (IMTP), countermovement jumps (CMJ), and wellness questionnaires were completed before (−3 hours) and after (+24, +48 hours) training. The recovery strategy influenced IMTP peak force (p = 0.026), but between-trial differences were undetectable. No other between-trial effects (all p > 0.05) were seen for IMTP, CMJ, or wellness variables. Training-induced reductions in CMJ peak power (−4 ± 6% vs baseline: 4,878 ± 642 W) at +24 hours (p = 0.016) dissipated by +48 hours. Fatigue and lower-body soreness reduced by 16 ± 19% (p = 0.01) and 32 ± 44% (p = 0.024) at +48 hours versus +24 hours, respectively. Relative to CONT (i.e., posttraining nutrition), the effects of a single bout of recovery practices appeared limited when implemented after RL-specific training. Therefore, when training included limited collisions, balanced postexercise meals appeared equally effective relative to a multimodal recovery strategy. Transient changes in performance and wellness variables after training may have implications for practitioners. Consecutive training sessions, including a high frequency and intensity of eccentric muscle actions, should be carefully planned, especially near match-play.
Neurons in Primate Area MSTd Signal Eye Movement Direction Inferred from Dynamic Perspective Cues in Optic Flow
Authors: DiRisio Grace F. , Ra Yongsoo , Qiu Yinghui , Anzai Akiyuki , DeAngelis Gregory C. 
Published: February 2023

Smooth eye movements are common during natural viewing; we frequently rotate our eyes to track moving objects or to maintain fixation on an object during self-movement. Reliable information about smooth eye movements is crucial to various neural computations, such as estimating heading from optic flow or judging depth from motion parallax. While it is well established that extraretinal signals (e.g., efference copies of motor commands) carry critical information about eye velocity, the rotational optic flow field produced by eye rotations also carries valuable information. Although previous work has shown that dynamic perspective cues in optic flow can be used in computations that require estimates of eye velocity, it has remained unclear where and how the brain processes these visual cues and how they are integrated with extraretinal signals regarding eye rotation. We examined how neurons in the dorsal region of the medial superior temporal area (MSTd) of two male rhesus monkeys represent the direction of smooth pursuit eye movements based on both visual cues (dynamic perspective) and extraretinal signals. We find that most MSTd neurons have matched preferences for the direction of eye rotation based on visual and extraretinal signals. Moreover, neural responses to combinations of these signals are well predicted by a weighted linear summation model. These findings demonstrate a neural substrate for representing the velocity of smooth eye movements based on rotational optic flow and establish area MSTd as a key node for integrating visual and extraretinal signals into a more generalized representation of smooth eye movements.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe frequently rotate our eyes to smoothly track objects of interest during self-motion. Information about eye velocity is crucial for a variety of computations performed by the brain, including depth perception and heading perception. Traditionally, information about eye rotation has been thought to arise mainly from extraretinal signals, such as efference copies of motor commands. Previous work shows that eye velocity can also be inferred from rotational optic flow that accompanies smooth eye movements, but the neural origins of these visual signals about eye rotation have remained unknown. We demonstrate that macaque neurons signal the direction of smooth eye rotation based on visual signals, and that they integrate both visual and extraretinal signals regarding eye rotation in a congruent fashion.
The Internet Costs’ Role in Indonesia's Creative Industry Competitiveness
Authors: Prihantono Gigih 
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of the Internet as a soft infrastructure medium in the framework of international trade facilitation. as part of international trade facilitation which is expected to be able to reduce barriers in Indonesia's trade with 18 trading partners in the export of creative industry goods by HS codes: 49, 91, 92, 95 and 97. The analysis method used is a quantitative approach with panel data regression using a gravity model based on time series data with cross sections of 18 trading partners from 2008 to 2017. The results of the analysis show that the internet subscription price variable has a significant effect on increasing international trade. Other variables such as GDP, population, and distance have a significant positive or negative effect on international trade, while FTA does not have any effect on exports of creative industry goods.
High Parental Concern in Children With Medical Complexity: An Early Indicator of Illness
Authors: Nkoy Flory , Stone Bryan , Sheng Xiaoming , Murphy Nancy 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVESHigh concern about child’s health is a common reason parents of children with medical complexity (CMC) seek care in emergency departments and hospitals. Factors driving parental concern are unknown. This study explores associations of parent’s sociodemographic and child’s clinical factors with high parental concern.PATIENT AND METHODSSecondary analysis of a pilot study of CMC and parents who used daily for 3 months MyChildCMC, a home monitoring app. Parents recorded their child’s vital signs (temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, oximetry), symptoms (pain, seizures, fluid intake/feeding, mental status), and oxygen use, and received immediate feedback. Parents rated their child’s health concern on a 4-point Likert scale. Concern scores were dichotomized (3–4 = high, 1–2 = low) and modeled in a mixed-effects logistic regression to explore important associations.RESULTSWe analyzed 1223 measurements from 24 CMC/parents, with 113 (9.24%) instances of high concern. Child factors associated with high parental concern were increased pain (odds ratio [OR], 5.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.53–10.29; P &lt; .01), increased oxygen requirement (OR, 28.91; 95% CI, 10.07–82.96; P &lt; .01), reduced nutrition/fluid intake (OR, 71.58; 95% CI, 13.01–393.80; P &lt; .01), and worsened mental status (OR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.10–4.17, P = .02). No other associations existed.CONCLUSIONSChanges in CMC’s clinical parameters were associated with high concern, which may be an early indicator of acute illness in CMC when it is the primary complaint. Monitoring and responding to high parental concerns may support CMC care at home.
Pediatric Ethics Consultation Services, Scope, and Staffing
Authors: Weaver Meaghann S. , Sharma Shiven , Walter Jennifer K. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
National standards and guidelines call for a mechanism to address ethical concerns and conflicts in children’s hospitals. The roles, responsibilities, and reach of pediatric ethics consultation services (PECS) remain unmeasured. The purpose of this study is to quantify staffing, structure, function, scope, training, and funding of PECS.

METHODS
Cross-sectional online survey was shared with an ethics informant at 181 children’s hospitals in the United States from March to June 2022. Data were summarized descriptively and with semantic content analyses.

RESULTS
One hundred seventeen surveys were received from individual children’s hospitals in 45 states and Washington DC (response rate 65%), with 104 qualifying for survey completion. Almost one-quarter of settings received 50 or more pediatric ethics consults in the past 12 months. On average, 7.4 people at each institution have responsibility for completing ethics consults. Estimated full-time equivalent salary support for ethics is on average 0.5 (range 0–3, median 0.25). One-third (33%) of facilities do not offer any salary support for ethics and three-quarters do not have an institutional budget for the ethics program. Clinical staff primarily initiate consults. End-of-life, benefits versus burdens of treatments, and staff moral distress were the most frequently consulted themes. Almost one-quarter (21%) of children’s hospitals do not receive any consults from patients or families.

CONLUSIONS
The findings from this study reveal wide variation in PECS practices and raise concern about the lack of financial support provided for PECS despite substantial workloads.