bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of heat-treatment temperature (HTT) on the carbon matrix development of both polyarylacetylene-and phenolic-derived carbon–Carbon (C/C) composites
Authors: Zaldivar RJ , Martinez AM , Elhessen R , Kim HI , Severino J , Arredondo V , Adams P , Ferrelli GL 
Published: July 2023

Phenolic resins have been successfully used in the manufacture of C/C Composite hardware. However, they require costly, multiple impregnation–carbonization cycles due to their low char yield. Polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin is a promising alternative carbon precursor that possesses numerous advantages due to its higher char yield and low mass loss. In addition, both thermoset-derived carbons are non-graphitizable and rely on stress graphitization for matrix development, which ultimately dictates composite mechanical performance. The stress graphitization behavior of both composite systems was investigated and related to their mechanical behavior. PAA and phenolic-derived/T50 C/C composites were processed to a series of heat-treatment temperatures (HTTs), (1100°, 1800°, 2800°C) and compared. Increases in localized graphitization as verified by image analysis, AFM, and Raman were observed with increasing HT for both systems, though notably to a much higher degree for the phenolic system. We believe this to be a result of the larger degree of matrix pyrolysis shrinkage experienced at the fiber-matrix interface promoting molecular alignment. The mechanical properties of both composites were strongly affected by the HTT, primarily due to a weakening of the fiber-matrix interface. However, the phenolic-derived composite exhibited a 40% greater increase in fiber strength utilization over the PAA-derived composites after 2800°C, which is attributed to this highly oriented microstructure which contributes favorably to intra-matrix failure and crack deflection. Although there are benefits in utilizing high char yield carbon precursors that reduce manufacturing timelines, one must also account for possible differences in microstructure development when designing these composites for next generation systems.
Health economics-informed planning of psychiatric care: A primer and curriculum framework for psychiatrists
Authors: Looi Jeffrey CL , Robson Stephen J , Bastiampillai Tarun , Allison Stephen , Kisely Steve 
Published: July 2023

Objective Contemporary medical education lacks a strong focus on health economics which guides major decisions in private and public health services. We briefly outline the rationale, guiding principles, main analytic methods, and a suggested framework for health economics education in psychiatry. Conclusions Health economics aims to improve the efficiency of healthcare. Some analytic methods can be harnessed by psychiatrists to better plan clinical care. Health economic methods will also assist psychiatrists in translating their expertise and clinical priorities more effectively to policy-makers, governments, and private insurers motivated by economic reasoning.
Trends and frontiers of research on telemedicine from 1971 to 2022: A scientometric and visualisation analysis
Authors: Liu Peng , Wang Fuzhi , Xu Wenjun , Li Ying , Li Bin 
Published: July 2023

Background With the continuous development of the Internet and information technology, telemedicine has gradually become a popular medical model, which has always attracted much attention. Especially in recent years, research has shown a rapid increase in the use of telemedicine due to the impact of COVID-19. We have conducted a scientific metrological analysis of telemedicine to identify its hot spots and frontiers and promote cooperation and development. Methods We retrieved 19,171 articles related to telemedicine published from 1971 to 2022 in the Web of Science (WOS) database. Then, we conducted co-author network analysis (author, institution, country), co-citation analysis (author, journal, literature) and burst analysis (thematic trends and frontier topics). Results The number of publications has been on the rise since 1993 and began to rise rapidly in 1997. Influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of articles doubled in 2020 compared to the prior year. The United States produced the greatest number of articles (43.4%). Although studies in Greece are fewer and more recent, the country is demonstrating tremendous development potential in this field and is an active contributor to telemedicine research. The main research topics identified include the application, system and services of telemedicine; the application of telemedicine in providing medical services to rural and remote areas where medical resources are scarce; the quality control of medical images in telemedicine; the application of telemedicine in chronic disease care; and the comparison of in-person medical care and telemedicine. Emerging topics include the application and impact of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion The main telemedicine research fields over the past 52 years are identified, the meanings of analyses results are discussed, and emerging trends are highlighted.
Comparing the Safety and Feasibility of Endovascular Therapy via Transradial and Transfemoral Approaches in Patients with Aortoiliac Occlusive Disease: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis of the Nationwide Registry
Authors: Horie Kazunori , Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Iida Osamu , Kohsaka Shun , Nakama Tatsuya , Shinke Toshiro , Tada Norio , Amano Tetsuya , Kozuma Ken 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Our objective was to evaluate the feasibility of performing endovascular therapy (EVT) for aortoiliac artery disease using transradial approach (TRA) as compared to transfemoral approach (TFA). Methods: We analyzed 9671 cases with symptomatic lower extremity artery disease due to aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD) treated using EVT from a Japanese Nationwide EVT Registry between January and December 2021. We compared the baseline characteristics, procedural information, and 30-day outcomes of patients who received EVT only via TRA (n=863 [16.9%]) and those only via TFA (n=4255 [83.1%]) by using propensity score (PS) matching, after excluding those who required regular dialysis, those who underwent hybrid surgeries, and those who received EVT through 2 or more approach sites. Results: After matching, the final study population consisted of 862 matched patients with similar baseline characteristics in each group. Technical success rate was comparable between the 2 groups (99.3% vs. 99.3%, p>0.99). No significant differences were observed with respect to the composite of all-cause death within 48 hours after EVT and post-procedural complications within 30 days, including severe bleeding that required transfusion, revascularization procedures, urgent surgeries, cerebral infarction, and major limb amputation (0.2% vs. 0.7%, p=0.29). Transradial approach was associated with shorter operation time (85 vs. 90 minutes, p=0.016), but longer fluoroscopy time (26 vs. 20 minutes, p<0.001) and higher contrast agent volume (80 vs. 75 mL, p<0.001). Conclusion: After PS matching, TRA showed the comparable rates of successful EVT and 30-day complications in patients with AIOD compared to TFA. Transradial approach was found to be safe and be a viable alternative of TFA for the treatment of AIOD. Clinical Impact The efficacy of transradial approach (TRA) is established in percutaneous coronary intervention; however, its safety and feasibility are unclear in endovascular therapy (EVT). We analyzed 9,671 cases with symptomatic aortoiliac occlusive disease treated using EVT from a Nationwide Registry to compare the 30-day outcomes of those who received EVT only via TRA (n = 863 [16.9%]and those only via TFA (n=4,255 [83.1%]) by using propensity score matching. Technical success rate (99.3% vs. 99.3%, p > 0.99) and 30-day complications (0.2% vs. 0.7%, p = 0.29) were comparable between the two groups. EVT via TRA could be performed safely.
Short-term recovery after implant versus resection arthroplasty in trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Herren Daniel B. , Marks Miriam , Neumeister Sara , Schindele Stephan 
Published: July 2023

We compared the short-term recovery of patients treated with trapeziometacarpal joint (TMJ) implant arthroplasty versus resection-suspension-interposition (RSI) arthroplasty. Implant patients ( n = 147) had a better 3-month postoperative brief Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ) score (mean 82) compared to RSI patients ( n = 127), who had a mean score of 69. Key pinch strength at 3 months was also higher in the implant group compared to the RSI group (6.8 kg vs. 3.1 kg). At 1 year, both groups had similar brief MHQ scores, but key pinch remained higher in the implant group (7.0 kg vs. 3.9 kg [RSI]). After implant arthroplasty, employed patients returned to work after a mean of 44 days, which was significantly faster than the 84 days for RSI patients. Patients after TMJ implant arthroplasty recover significantly faster in the first 3 postoperative months compared to RSI patients. However, 1-year postoperative outcomes are similar for both cohorts, with key pinch strength remaining higher for patients with TMJ implant arthroplasty. Level of evidence: II
Post-partum maternal bradycardia: A case series and literature review
Authors: Tran Karen C , Fayowski Cassandra D , Chaworth-Musters Tessa , Purkiss Susan E , Chau Anthony , Bennett Matthew T , Chan Wee Shian 
Published: July 2023

Background Unlike tachyarrhythmias, which are common in pregnancy, there is a paucity of data regarding maternal bradycardias. Our objective was to describe the characteristics, associated conditions, and prognosis of women who develop bradycardia post-partum. Method We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients referred to the Obstetrical Medicine service at British Columbia Women's Hospital from January 2012 to May 2020 for post-partum maternal bradycardia. Results Twenty-four patients with post-partum bradycardia were included (age 34.2  ±  4.8 years; heart rate 40.4  ±  8.1 beats per minute; blood pressure 131/72 mm Hg). Sinus bradycardia (79.2%) was the most common rhythm. Dyspnea (29.4%) and chest pain (23.5%) were common symptoms. Mean time to resolution of bradycardia was 3.6  ±  3.8 days. Associated conditions potentially explaining the bradycardia were preeclampsia (54.1%), underlying (16.7%), medications (8.3%), and neuraxial anesthesia (8.3%). Conclusions Maternal bradycardia is an uncommon condition complicating the post-partum period, that is generally self-limiting, with the majority only require clinical observation.
The Effect of Corticosteroids on Sinus Microbiota in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients with Nasal Polyposis
Authors: Alammar Yousif , Rousseau Simon , Desrosiers Martin , Tewfik Marc A. 
Published: July 2023

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is a multifactorial disease with no known single cause, but it is thought that bacteria play a role in the disease process. Objective This pilot study aims to assess the longitudinal effect of corticosteroid therapy on sinus microbiota in chronic rhinosinusitis patients with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP). Methods A longitudinal prospective case-control study was done on patients with CRSwNP and healthy controls. Patients with CRSwNP were randomly allocated to a corticosteroids and antibiotics treatment group (CRSwNP-SA) or a corticosteroid-only treatment group (CRSwNP-S). Data were collected at three-time points (before treatment, 1, and 3 months after treatment). Specimens were cultured and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) was used as a bacterial detection method. Results Data from 29 patients with CRSwNP (16 CRSwNP-SA and 13 CRSwNP-S) was compared to 15 healthy subjects. Patients reported significant symptom improvement initially (1 month), but not in the long-term (3 months). This result was found in both treatment groups, whether or not antibiotics were used. After 3 months from treatment, the prevalence of Corynebacterium genera tended to increase in the CRSwNP-SA, while Staphylococcus and Gram-negative genera (Pseudomonas) tended to increase in the CRSwNP-S. Smoking, aspirin sensitivity, and previous endoscopic sinus surgery were found to be co-factors significantly associated with the response to systemic corticosteroid therapy. Conclusion In this pilot study, both treatment options were effective to improve symptoms in the short-term but not in the long-term, and were not linked to any clear sinus microbiota response. As a result, this study supports the avoidance of systemic antibiotics without evidence of active infection.
Dairy products intake and the risk of postpartum depression among mothers: A pilot study
Authors: Almasaudi Arwa S , Alashmali Shoug , Baattaiah Baian A , Zedan Haya S , Alkhalaf Majid , Omran Salma , Alghamdi Aseel , Khodary Aseel 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Postpartum depression is a prevalent consequence of childbirth experienced by many women. There has been evidence linking dairy intake during pregnancy with a reduction in postpartum depression symptoms. However, there is still a lack of understanding regarding the effects of postpartum dairy consumption on postpartum depression. Objectives: To examine whether dairy products intake and calcium in dairy is associated with postpartum depression. Methods: A pilot study was conducted ( n = 49 postpartum women). A food frequency questionnaire was used to evaluate the participants’ consumption of calcium and dairy products during pregnancy, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to screen for postpartum depression symptoms. Results: Of 49 participants, 26 (53%) were at risk for postpartum depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ⩾ 12). Consuming >1 serving of Laban per day is significantly associated with reduced risk of postpartum depression (odds ratio = 0.01, 95% confidence interval [0, 0.3]). Total dairy intake >1 serving per day is significantly associated with reduced risk of postpartum depression (odds ratio = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [0.03, 0.83]). No significant association was found between the postpartum intake of milk, cheese, yogurt, or calcium and postpartum depression. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that higher total dairy intake was associated with a lower likelihood of postpartum depression. Further assessment with a larger sample size of participants could provide additional insight into the potential of dietary dairy to mitigate postpartum depression.
The Rabies Free Burkina Faso initiative: an example of how one health-oriented civil society organizations can contribute towards the achievement of the rabies zero by 30 goal
Authors: Savadogo Madi , Dahourou Laibané Dieudonné , Ilboudo Abdoul Kader , Ilboudo Sidwatta Guy , Zangré Hamidou , Tarnagda Grissoum , Souli Zacharia , Combari Alima Hadjia Banyala , Diarra Ramata , Bidima Mémouna , Traoré Marina Gracienne Bintou , Mandé Charles Dieudonné , Sondo Kongnimissom Apoline , de Balogh Katinka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile technologies, tools and expertise have proven that countries can be made safe from dog-mediated human rabies, the disease remains a major public health threat in Burkina Faso. The paper reports the experience and success stories of Rabies Free Burkina Faso, an initiative established in 2020 as an example of civil society organization that promotes One Health for integrated rabies control in Africa. As recommended in the Global strategic plan, rabies elimination requires a systematic One Health approach, enhancing pre-exposure and postexposure prophylaxis, dog population management, dog vaccination, awareness raising, diagnosis, surveillance, funding as well as policies and regulations. Rabies Free Burkina Faso was established on 28 September 2020 as not-for-profit organization and aims to strengthen the use of a One Health approach as a non-governmental, multidisciplinary initiative dedicated to promoting rabies elimination. Categories of interventions developed by Rabies Free Burkina Faso cover awareness raising, training and One Health capacity building, dog rabies vaccination, seeking vaccines and providing support, including financial resource to communities to ensure that bite victims are appropriately provided with post-exposure prophylaxis, research, community engagement and joint outbreak investigation in collaboration with competent authorities. Reported success stories confirm the relevance of roles that can be played by Rabies Free Burkina Faso supporting animal health and human health authorities in the fields of rabies control and One Health development in the country.
Determination of the ED90 of Dexmedetomidine Infusion to Prevent Emergence Agitation in Children Undergoing Dental Rehabilitation With Sevoflurane Anesthesia: A Biased-Coin Up-and-Down Sequential Allocation Trial
Authors: Zhou Dan , Yang Xu-Dong , Wu Hai-Yin , Xiong Guo-Li , Wang Li-Kuan 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Emergence agitation (EA) is an adverse complication during early recovery from sevoflurane anesthesia. Continuous intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine (DEX) is commonly used for EA prevention. However, a wide dose range is used for preventing EA, and the optimal dose remains unknown. This study was aimed at determining the optimal dose (the 90% effective dose [ED90]) of DEX for continuous intraoperative infusion for EA prevention in children.

METHODS:
We enrolled children aged 3 to 7 years who underwent dental treatment under sevoflurane anesthesia. DEX was continuously infused from the time of the establishment of the intravenous access until 5 minutes before the end of surgery. The initial DEX dose was 0.5 µg/kg/h, and subsequent dose adjustments were determined based on the response of the previous patient by using an up-down sequential allocation with a biased-coin design. The primary outcome was the ED90 for continuous DEX infusion based on the success or failure of the EA-preventing dose.

RESULTS:
Forty-five patients were enrolled in the study. The DEX dose ranged from 0.50 to 0.90 µg/kg/h. The estimated ED90 (95% confidence interval [CI]) for preventing EA was 0.74 µg/kg/h (0.67–1.05 µg/kg/h). The duration of surgery (mean ± standard deviation [SD]) was 113 ± 30 minutes. The times (mean ± SD) for extubation, time to emergence, and recovery time were 5 ± 2 minutes, 27 ± 9 minutes, and 39 ± 7 minutes, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
The ED90 for continuous intraoperative DEX infusion for EA prevention in pediatric patients receiving dental treatment under sevoflurane anesthesia was 0.74 µg/kg/h (95% CI, 0.67–1.05 µg/kg/h).
The experience of being a caregiver of patients with digestive cancer, from patients and caregivers’ perception: A mixed study
Authors: Grivel Charlotte , Nizet Pierre , Martin Manon , Pécout Solange , Lepeintre Aurélie , Touchefeu Yann , Prot-Labarthe Sonia , Evin Adrien , Huon Jean-François 
Published: July 2023

Backgrounds
Caregivers are essential in the care of a patient with digestive cancer. Considering their experience and needs is crucial.

Objectives
To explore the experience of caregivers of patients with digestive cancer and to compare the perspectives of patients and caregivers.

Methods
A mixed-methods study with a cross-sectional prospective and a comprehensive qualitative dimension was performed in a medical oncology unit in a French tertiary hospital. Dyads made of patients with digestive cancer and their caregiver were recruited. The Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) and the Supportive Care Needs Survey for Partners and Caregivers (SCNS-PC) questionnaires were distributed to caregivers. The CRA was used to measure the caregiver burden and the SCNS-PC was used to identify the unmet supportive care needs of caregivers. Semi-structured interviews with the dyads were conducted. Qualitative interviews addressed various dimensions of the caregiver’s experience from each dyad’s member perspective.

Results
Thirty-two caregivers completed the questionnaires. Responses showed high self-esteem, schedule burden, and a need for care and information services. Ten dyads participated in the interviews. Three themes emerged from the caregiver’s interviews: illness is an upheaval; loneliness and helplessness are experienced; caring is a natural role with positive outcomes. Four themes emerged from patient’s interviews: the caregiver naturally assumes the role and gets closer; he is the patient’s anchor; his life is disrupted; anxiety and guilt accompany the desire to protect him. In comparing patient and caregiver data, the main theme of disagreement was their relationship.

Conclusions
Caregiver care does not appear to be optimal, particularly in terms of their need for information. Patients have a fairly good representation of their experience, but the caregivers’ opinion need to be considered.
Evaluation of Transgender Healthcare in Medical School Curriculum: A Dual-Campus Study
Authors: Valente Eleza , Zueger Morgan , Moffett Elizabeth , Nunna Nitya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
It is currently estimated that 1.2 million adults identify as transgender in the United States. Current research reveals, compared to the general population, Transgender patients face significant discrimination in healthcare. Transgender individuals have reported higher negative experiences, some of which have led to avoiding healthcare settings. Healthcare education in medical schools is necessary to assess the lack of knowledge and competency among physicians treating transgender patients. The objective of this study was to identify if a 2-hour didactic session increased medical students' knowledge and comfort regarding the treatment of transgender patients.
Methods
A 2-hour didactic lecture regarding gender-affirming healthcare for transgender patients was held for first- and second-year medical students at Rocky Vista College of Osteopathic Medicine. The lecture was presented on Zoom by a board-certified family physician who specializes in Transgender Healthcare. Students had the option of completing pre-didactic and post-didactic surveys to measure their beliefs, comfort, and knowledge in treating transgender patients. Responses to survey questions were scored on a five-point Likert Scale. Relationships of questionnaire responses to demographics were assessed with independent t-tests or ANOVA. Categorical variables were compared using contingency tables and chi-square tests.
Results
Students’ confidence in caring for, comfort with, and knowledge about transgender patients increased significantly between pre- and post-session surveys.
Conclusions
A 2-hour didactic session significantly increased self-reported confidence, comfort, and knowledge regarding gender-affirming care. This study revealed that even small interventions such as a 2-hour lecture can impact medical students' overall competency when treating transgender patients. Educational interventions in medical school curriculum focusing on Transgender Health reduce gaps in education and ensure safe and adequate care that diminishes disparities for this at-risk group.