bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bionanocomposites for active and smart food packaging: A review on its application, safety, and health aspects
Authors: Kishore Anand , Mithul Aravind S. , Singh Anupama 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the concept of plastic replacement and its optimal solution has commenced in the food‐packaging sector. In that line, integrating nanotechnology with food packaging to improve material properties, aligned with the concept of active and intelligent packaging, has attracted consumer and industry attention. This review outlines the basics of bionanocomposites (BNCs), processing techniques, and their corresponding functions in innovative packaging techniques. The barrier, thermal, mechanical, and functional properties of film and their application in different food products have been summarized. In addition, the migration properties, safety, and health aspects of the latest findings of various BNC films have been discussed. It has been observed that the addition of fillers in BNC matrix improves the overall physical and functional properties of the film. In addition, BNC is used as a smart indicator to signify the product quality during transportation and storage. However, this review connotes the need for more research on migration and health aspects of the human body and implied the requirement to select BNC for specific food matrices.Practical ApplicationThe effective action of nanotechnology in the field of food packaging was attempted to improve the material properties, aligned with the concept of active and intelligent packaging. The inclusion of nano‐sized particles into the organic matrices widely influenced its barrier, thermal, mechanical, and functional properties of the film. BNCs are also used as a smart indicator to indicate product quality throughout the storage and transportation. This article summarizes the basics of BNC, their processing techniques and functions in innovative packaging techniques, and their application in different food products. In addition, the migration properties, safety, and health aspects of the latest findings of various BNC films have been discussed in detail. This study will help researchers and industry experts to select the BNC for specific food matrices to improve the quality and safety of food product and human health.
Expression of the melatonergic system during meiotic maturation of cynomolgus monkey cumulus–oocyte complexes
Authors: Lee Sanghoon , Kang Hyo‐Gu , Jeong Pil‐Soo , Song Bong‐Seok , Choi Won Seok , Jin Yeung Bae , Huh Jae‐Won , Kim Sun‐Uk , Sim Bo‐Woong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMelatonin is a multifunctional hormone synthesized in the pineal gland and peripheral reproductive tissues that regulates many biological processes. There is increasing evidence for a role of melatonin in oocyte maturation and embryonic development in various mammals. However, no study has reported evidence for the existence of melatonergic system, such as melatonin synthesis enzymes, melatonin membrane receptors, or melatonin binding sites in non‐human primate cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs).MethodsReverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunocytochemistry were performed to detect transcripts and proteins of the rate‐limiting enzyme in melatonin synthesis (arylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferase, AANAT), melatonin membrane receptors (MT1 and MT2), and a melatonin binding site (NRH: quinone oxidoreductase 2, NQO2) in cynomolgus monkey COCs.ResultsRT‐PCR analyses revealed the presence of AANAT, MT1, MT2, and NQO2 transcripts in granulosa cells, germinal vesicle (GV)‐ and metaphase II (MII)‐stage cumulus cells, and oocytes. Immunocytochemistry revealed the presence of AANAT, MT1, MT2, and NQO2 proteins in GV‐ and MII‐stage COCs.ConclusionsOur results provide the first evidence for the existence of the rate‐limiting enzyme required for melatonin synthesis, melatonin membrane receptors, and a melatonin binding site in non‐human primate COCs.
Clinical characteristics of hospitalised children with acute post‐streptococcal glomerulonephritis in the Top End of Australia
Authors: Chong Hae‐Young C , Hung Te‐Yu , Hohls Anja , Francis Joshua R , Chaturvedi Swasti 
Published: March 2023

AimsDespite the declining incidence of acute post‐streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) in Australia, there is still a significant burden of disease amongst Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in the Northern Territory. Childhood APSGN has been highlighted as a predictor of chronic kidney disease in this population. We aimed to describe clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised children with APSGN in the Northern Territory.MethodsSingle‐centre, retrospective cohort study of children (<18 years) with APSGN admitted to a tertiary hospital in the Top End of the Northern Territory between January 2012 and December 2017. Cases were confirmed using the Centre for Disease Control case definition guidelines. Data were extracted from the case notes and electronic medical records.ResultsThere were 96 cases of APSGN with median age of 7.1 years (interquartile range (IQR) 6.7–11.4). Majority were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (90.6%) and from rural and remote areas (82.3%). Preceding skin infections were identified in 65.5% and sore throat in 27.1%. Severe complications included hypertensive emergencies (37.4%), acute kidney injury (43.8%) and nephrotic‐range proteinuria (57.7%). All children improved from their acute illness with supportive medical therapy; however, only 55 out of 96 (57.3%) children were followed up within 12 months of their acute illness.ConclusionsAPSGN disproportionately affects Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and highlights the need for continued and improved public health response. There is room for significant improvement in the medium‐ and long‐term follow‐up of affected children.
Prevalence of portal vein and splanchnic venous thrombosis in dogs with chronic hepatitis
Authors: Dröes F. C. , Suchodolski J. S. , Steiner J. M. , Lidbury J. A. 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesAlterations in haemostasis have been described in dogs and humans with chronic hepatitis. Portal vein thrombosis is a recognised complication of chronic hepatitis in humans; however, its prevalence in dogs with chronic hepatitis has not been reported. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of, and describe clinical and laboratory data of dogs with chronic hepatitis and portal vein thrombosis and splanchnic venous thrombosis.Materials and MethodsRetrospective cross‐sectional study. Medical records of dogs admitted to a veterinary teaching hospital between 2009 and 2019 were reviewed. Dogs were included if chronic hepatitis was histopathologically confirmed, and if diagnostic imaging or necropsy indicated the presence of thrombosis. Clinical and laboratory data (i.e. haematology, biochemistry, coagulation panels) were recorded. Descriptive statistics were used to characterise dogs with and without thrombosis.ResultsRecords from 136 dogs with chronic hepatitis were identified. Three of these dogs, 2.2% (95% confidence interval: 0.8 to 6.3%) all females, were diagnosed with portal vein thrombosis. Five dogs in total, (3.7%; 95% confidence interval: 1.6 to 8.3%), including three with portal vein thrombosis, all females, were diagnosed with splanchnic venous thrombosis. Dogs with portal vein and splanchnic venous thrombosis often had hyperbilirubinaemia, increased serum gamma‐glutamyl transferase activity, and decreased plasma antithrombin 3 activity. They also had relatively high alternative Child‐Pugh scores for dogs (median 6 out of 13).Clinical SignificancePortal vein and splanchnic venous thrombosis are potentially serious complications that were identified in a relatively low proportion of dogs with chronic hepatitis.
Accuracy and reliability of tele‐ultrasonography in detecting gastrointestinal obstruction in dogs and cats
Authors: Silvestre Sombrio M. , Mai W. , Buch D. , Costa Grotti G. , Gabriela Luciani M. , Rodrigues Froes T. 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the accuracy and interobserver agreement of tele‐ultrasonography for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal obstruction in small animals by radiologists with different levels of experience.Materials and MethodsA retrospective cross‐sectional study including dogs and cats admitted with gastrointestinal signs, between 2017 and 2019, that had abdominal ultrasonographic (US) examination performed and images saved for review. Patients were classified into two categories based on final diagnosis: animals with or without complete or partial gastrointestinal obstruction. Observers with four experience levels interpreted the archived ultrasound examinations, simulating a tele‐ultrasonography consultation. Analyses of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were obtained for each observer for detection of gastrointestinal obstruction. Agreement between observers for the gastrointestinal obstruction diagnosis was assessed using Fleiss's Kappa statistics.ResultsNinety patients with gastrointestinal signs were included. Of these, 23 of 90 had partial or complete gastrointestinal obstruction. Interpretation of the images by observers via tele‐ultrasonography showed intervals of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, respectively, of 78.9% to 87.8%, 73.9% to 100%, 77.6% to 89.6%, 55.9% to 70.8% and 90.9% to 100% for diagnosis of gastrointestinal obstruction. Agreement for the gastrointestinal obstruction diagnosis across all reviewers was moderate (Kappa 0.6).Clinical SignificanceTele‐ultrasonography had good accuracy for detection of gastrointestinal obstruction, however had a rather low positive predictive value and only moderate interobserver agreement. Therefore, this technique should be used with caution in this clinical context, given the potential surgical decision at hand.
Spatial Thinking in Practice: A Snapshot of teacher's Spatial Activity Use in the Early Years' Classroom
Authors: Gilligan‐Lee Katie A. , Bradbury Alice , Bradley Charlotte , Farran Emily K. , Van Herwegen Jo , Wyse Dominic , Outhwaite Laura A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpatial thinking predicts Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics achievement, yet is often absent from educational policy. We provide benchmarks of teachers' usage and perceptions of spatial activities in practice in the reception classroom (first year of primary school). In this questionnaire study of educational professionals working in the reception classroom in England (N = 104), we found that spatial and numeracy activities were perceived as significantly less important, and were reportedly completed significantly less often, than literacy or life skills. Despite the lower perceived importance of spatial skills in curriculum guidance in England, rates of reported spatial activity use were encouragingly high and were broadly comparable to those of numeracy. Teachers had moderate anxiety levels for both spatial and mathematics domains. The findings highlight a need to elevate teachers' understanding of the importance of developing children's early spatial and numeracy skills, which may begin with efforts to reduce spatial and mathematics anxiety.
Live‐streaming webcam technology in the neonatal unit: A systematic review and thematic analysis
Authors: Pajak Patrizia , Chant Kathy , Gallagher Katie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdmission of a baby for neonatal care represents a deeply traumatic time for parents. Webcam technology facilitating live‐streaming of the baby when the parents are unable to be physically present has been introduced to support bonding and parental engagement in care.AimThis systematic review explores the impact and experiences of webcam technology upon parents of babies in the neonatal unit and neonatal health care professionals.Study DesignA systematic search of Embase, Medline and Scopus was conducted using the keywords ‘video technology’, ‘newborn’ and ‘neonatal intensive care.’ Studies written in English and exploring live‐stream technology were included. Thematic analysis per group (parents and health care professionals) was undertaken to identify similarities between themes across published studies.ResultsTen studies were included. Six studies explored the impact of webcam technology on parents only, two on both parents and health care professionals and two on health care professionals only. Thematic analysis per group identified three themes for parents, including parental well‐being, parent‐infant bonding and quality of care. Two themes were identified for neonatal health care professionals, including quality of care and feasibility of webcam technology.ConclusionsWebcam technology has many documented benefits for parental well‐being. However, new technology requires adequate staff training, support and plans for ongoing maintenance. Further research is required to explore the long‐term impacts on breast‐milk production and infant neurological development.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe use of webcam technology in neonatal units can potentially improve the mental health and well‐being of the parents and promote bonding between the infant, their parents and wider family members. Specialist roles to support advancing technology in the neonatal unit may allow parents and professionals to integrate webcams into practice and enhance care.
Ogilvie's syndrome after paddle spinal cord stimulator implantation: An experience report
Authors: Zemmar Ajmal , Sinofsky Alexander , Sheng Zhiyuan , Pera Sam , Harbrecht Brian , Neimat Joseph 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an emerging technology to treat chronic pain from complex regional pain syndrome (CPRS) neuropathy and post‐laminectomy syndrome. A rarely reported postoperative complication of SCS paddle implantation is abdominal pain that can result from thoracic radiculopathy. Ogilvie's syndrome (OS) is a disorder characterized by acute dilatation of the colon in the absence of an anatomic lesion that obstructs the flow of intestinal contents, which has seldom been observed after spine surgery. Here, we describe the case of a 70‐year‐old male who developed OS after SCS paddle implantation resulting in cecal perforation and multi‐system organ failure with lethal outcome. We discuss the pathophysiology, present a method measuring the spinal canal to cord ratio (CCR) to prevent the risk of thoracic radiculopathy and OS after paddle SCS implantation, and propose suggestions for management and treatment of this condition.
Abscisic acid‐mediated sugar responses are essential for vegetative desiccation tolerance in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha
Authors: Khatun Nobiza , Shinozawa Akihisa , Takahashi Kosaku , Matsuura Hideyuki , Jahan Akida , Islam Mousona , Karim Masudul , Sk Rahul , Yoshikawa Mikako , Ishizaki Kimitsune , Sakata Yoichi , Takezawa Daisuke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLow‐molecular‐weight sugars serve as protectants for cellular membranes and macromolecules under the condition of dehydration caused by environmental stress such as desiccation and freezing. These sugars also affect plant growth and development by provoking internal signaling pathways. We previously showed that both sugars and the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA) enhance desiccation tolerance of gemma, a dormant propagule of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha. To determine the role of ABA in sugar responses in liverworts, we generated genome‐editing lines of M. polymorpha ABA DEFICIENT 1 (MpABA1) encoding zeaxanthin epoxidase, which catalyzes the initial reaction toward ABA biosynthesis. The generated Mpaba1 lines that accumulated only a trace amount of endogenous ABA showed reduced desiccation tolerance and reduced sugar responses. RNA‐seq analysis of sucrose‐treated gemmalings of M. polymorpha revealed that expression of a large part of sucrose‐induced genes was reduced in Mpaba1 compared to the wild‐type. Furthermore, Mpaba1 accumulated smaller amounts of low‐molecular‐weight sugars in tissues upon sucrose treatment than the wild‐type, with reduced expression of genes for sucrose synthesis, sugar transporters, and starch‐catabolizing enzymes. These results indicate that endogenous ABA plays a role in the regulation of the positive feedback loop for sugar‐induced sugar accumulation in liverworts, enabling the tissue to have desiccation tolerance.
Multivariate geometric anisotropic Cox processes
Authors: Martin James S. , Murrell David J. , Olhede Sofia C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces a new modeling and inference framework for multivariate and anisotropic point processes. Building on recent innovations in multivariate spatial statistics, we propose a new family of multivariate anisotropic random fields, and from them a family of anisotropic point processes. We give conditions that make the proposed models valid. We also propose a Palm likelihood‐based inference method for this type of point process, circumventing issues of likelihood tractability. Finally we illustrate the utility of the proposed modeling framework by analyzing spatial ecological observations of plants and trees in the Barro Colorado Island data.
Finite sample inference for empirical Bayesian methods
Authors: Nguyen Hien Duy , Gupta Mayetri 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn recent years, empirical Bayesian (EB) inference has become an attractive approach for estimation in parametric models arising in a variety of real‐life problems, especially in complex and high‐dimensional scientific applications. However, compared to the relative abundance of available general methods for computing point estimators in the EB framework, the construction of confidence sets and hypothesis tests with good theoretical properties remains difficult and problem specific. Motivated by the Universal Inference framework, we propose a general and universal method, based on holdout likelihood ratios, and utilizing the hierarchical structure of the specified Bayesian model for constructing confidence sets and hypothesis tests that are finite sample valid. We illustrate our method through a range of numerical studies and real data applications, which demonstrate that the approach is able to generate useful and meaningful inferential statements in the relevant contexts.
White flight from immigration?: Attitudes to diversity and white residential choice
Authors: Kaufmann Eric 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWork on whites’ mobility behavior finds that they tend to move to less diverse neighborhoods than minorities. Work on white mobility preferences finds that whites who dislike diversity prefer less diverse neighborhoods. Do liberal whites practice what they preach, and do conservative whites really avoid diversity?ObjectiveCombine data on white ethnocentrism and migration behavior to analyze liberal and conservative white mobility in the United Kingdom and the United States.MethodOrdered logit and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) models of destination choice predicted by attitudes toward Brexit, Trump, and immigration.ResultsWhites select significantly less diverse neighborhoods than nonwhites, but there is little or no racial difference in the destinations that white liberals and conservatives, British Brexiteers and Remainers, and American Trump supporters and opponents move to.ConclusionEthnicity matters for segregation, but conscious white ethnocentrism is much less important. Future work could explore unconscious ethnocentrism, differing ethnic information about neighborhoods or ethnically divergent amenities as potential explanations.
Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum infections in the immediate post‐lung transplant period: A case series and literature review
Authors: Divithotewala Chandima , Sweeney Emma L. , Burke Andrew , Graves Bianca , Stewart Adam , Whiley David , Heney Claire , Hopkins Peter M. , Chambers Daniel C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma species infections in the post‐transplant setting are believed to be donor‐derived and can be associated with poor outcomes. Difficulty in culturing and identifying these organisms is a significant barrier to diagnosis and early intervention. Tetracyclines, macrolides and fluoroquinolones are the mainstay treatments to cure these infections; however, there are increasing reports of antibiotic resistance. In this case series, we report our single‐centre experience with M. hominis and U. urealyticum infection after lung transplantation (9 recipients, all men, mean age 56 years). Delayed diagnosis was common. Young donor age (mean age 23 yrs) and high‐risk donor social history (67%) were repeatedly noted in these cases, and all infections were associated with significant morbidity (anastomosis and sternal wound infection, empyema, mediastinitis, pericarditis). Two patients died; with one directly related to Ureaplasma urealyticum infection. In conclusion post lung transplant M. hominis, and U. urealyticum infections are challenging and carry high morbidity. More prospective studies are required to assess the true prevalence, full spectrum of complications and utility of molecular diagnostics to aid early diagnosis and identify antibiotic susceptibility of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma infections in the post‐lung transplant setting.
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MORE PANICLES 3, a natural allele of OsTB1/FC1, impacts rice yield in paddy fields at elevated CO2 levels
Authors: Takai Toshiyuki , Taniguchi Yojiro , Takahashi Megumu , Nagasaki Hideki , Yamamoto Eiji , Hirose Sakiko , Hara Naho , Akashi Hiroko , Ito Jun , Arai‐Sanoh Yumiko , Hori Kiyosumi , Fukuoka Shuichi , Sakai Hidemitsu , Tokida Takeshi , Usui Yasuhiro , Nakamura Hirofumi , Kawamura Kensuke , Asai Hidetoshi , Ishizaki Takuma , Maruyama Kyonoshin , Mochida Keiichi , Kobayashi Nobuya , Kondo Motohiko , Tsuji Hiroyuki , Tsujimoto Yasuhiro , Hasegawa Toshihiro , Uga Yusaku 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYImproving crop yield potential through an enhanced response to rising atmospheric CO2 levels is an effective strategy for sustainable crop production in the face of climate change. Large‐sized panicles (containing many spikelets per panicle) have been a recent ideal plant architecture (IPA) for high‐yield rice breeding. However, few breeding programs have proposed an IPA under the projected climate change. Here, we demonstrate through the cloning of the rice (Oryza sativa) quantitative trait locus for MORE PANICLES 3 (MP3) that the improvement in panicle number increases grain yield at elevated atmospheric CO2 levels. MP3 is a natural allele of OsTB1/FC1, previously reported as a negative regulator of tiller bud outgrowth. The temperate japonica allele advanced the developmental process in axillary buds, moderately promoted tillering, and increased the panicle number without negative effects on the panicle size or culm thickness in a high‐yielding indica cultivar with large‐sized panicles. The MP3 allele, containing three exonic polymorphisms, was observed in most accessions in the temperate japonica subgroups but was rarely observed in the indica subgroup. No selective sweep at MP3 in either the temperate japonica or indica subgroups suggested that MP3 has not been involved and utilized in artificial selection during domestication or breeding. A free‐air CO2 enrichment experiment revealed a clear increase of grain yield associated with the temperate japonica allele at elevated atmospheric CO2 levels. Our findings show that the moderately increased panicle number combined with large‐sized panicles using MP3 could be a novel IPA and contribute to an increase in rice production under climate change with rising atmospheric CO2 levels.