bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Against anticipation, or, camp reading as reparative to the trans feminine past: A microhistory in Nazi‐Era Vienna
Authors: Nunn Zavier 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhether trans people – especially trans women – were persecuted by the Nazi regime remains a contested yet under‐researched topic. But the wider political backdrop (including the culture wars and Holocaust memorialisation practices) steers this historical question with a monolithic value: victimisation. This hyper‐focus on victimisation is underpinned by a ‘paranoia’ that pre‐empts tragic historical narratives. Trans histories that do not neatly map onto tragic narration are therefore deemed unthinkable and remain absent from the nascent literature. In a move against paranoid anticipation, this article puts forward an argument for a ‘Camp reading’ practice that embraces ‘insincere’ and ironic material to recalibrate which trans stories are deigned to be given a history. The microhistory of Bella P. in Nazi‐era Vienna acts as a case study in divesting from the politics of victimhood, that challenges the historian's anticipatory impulses, offering the trans feminine past under National Socialism a ‘reparative’ entry into the historical canon on its own terms.
Incidence, prevalence and risk factors of device‐related pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit: A meta‐analysis of 10,084 patients from 11 countries
Authors: Jia Yi‐Jie , Hu Fei‐Hong , Zhang Wan‐Qing , Tang Wen , Ge Meng‐Wei , Shen Wang‐Qin , Chen Hong‐Lin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDevice‐related pressure injuries (DRPIs) prevail in the intensive care unit (ICU) and have much to do with medical devices and patients’ conditions. This meta‐analysis aims to systematically assess the incidence, prevalence and risk factors related to DRPIs among adults in ICU. Web of Science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PubMed and CINAHL were searched from inception to March 2023. Observational studies were included, and the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to assess literature quality. The primary outcomes were the incidence, prevalence and risk factors regarding DRPIs among adults in ICU. The 19 studies conformed to the criteria for inclusion in the review. The estimated pooled incidence of DRPIs was 14.7% (95% CI: 9.7%–19.6%) in 10 studies (4866 participants). The estimated pooled prevalence of DRPIs was 19.0% (95% CI: 13.6%–24.3%) in 9 studies (5218 participants). The most significant risk factor for DRPIs was using mechanical ventilation. The pooled analysis of the four studies showed that DRPIs were more likely to occur in patients who required mechanical ventilation compared with patients who did not use mechanical ventilation (OR: 9.67, 95% CI: 5.03–18.61, p < 0.001) and using vasopressors, age, length of ICU stays, APACHE II score, Braden score, fever, sex, oedema, diabetes and number of medical devices, SOFA score was also related to pressure injuries risk. The incidence and prevalence of DRPIs in adult ICU were high, and the most significant risk factor for DRPIs was using mechanical ventilation. It is imminent to identify patients of increased risk with DRPIs early.
Application of the CHIMERE-WRF Model Complex to Study the Radiative Effects of Siberian Smoke Aerosol in the Eastern Arctic
Authors: Konovalov I. B. , Golovushkin N. A. , Zhuravleva T. B. , Nasrtdinov I. M. , Uzhegov V. N. , Beekmann M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe describe a computational technology for studying the effects of the aerosol-radiation interaction and calculating regional estimates of the direct (DRE) and semidirect radiative effects (SDRE) of biomass burning (BB) aerosol based on simulations with the CHIMERE chemistry transport model coupled with the WRF meteorological model. The technology was applied to numerical studying the radiative effects of Siberian biomass burning aerosol in the eastern Arctic in the period of July 16–31, 2016. The model simulations show that Siberian smokes, on the whole, had a significant cooling effect on the atmosphere in the eastern Arctic in that period due to the DRE, the value of which at top of the atmosphere was, on average, −6.0 W m−2, being minimal over the snow-ice cover of the ocean (−1.2 W m−2). At the same time, the contribution of the Siberian BB aerosol DRE to the radiative balance of the Arctic atmosphere is found to be offset to a certain extent by the SDRE, which is positive (2.0 W m−2), on average. The SDRE is formed as a result of the multihour aerosol effect on meteorological processes and plays the most important role over the snow-ice Arctic covers, where it exceeds the DRE in absolute value. It has been shown that the SDRE of Siberian BBA in our numerical experiments is mainly due to scattering (rather than absorption) of radiation by aerosol particles.
Recombinant SLURP-1 Inhibits Growth and Migration of U251 MG Glioma by Cell Cycle Arrest and Modulation of MAPK and AKT Signaling Pathways
Authors: Shulepko M. A. , Bychkov M. L. , Kirpichnikov M. P. , Lyukmanova E. N. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A recombinant analog of the human SLURP-1 protein, rSLURP-1, effectively inhibits the growth of carcinomas by interaction with the α7-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Recently, rSLURP-1 inhibition of glioma growth in vitro was shown by the authors; however, the action of rSLURP-1 was not studied. Here, we showed that rSLURP-1 selectively inhibits the growth of U251 MG glioma cells, but not of normal astrocytes, and controls glioma cell migration. In addition, rSLURP-1 induces cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase in U251 MG glioma cells, but does not result in apoptosis. Incubation of U251 MG cells with rSLURP-1 causes inhibition of phosphorylation of ERK, p38 MAPK, and AKT kinases, whose activation contributes to the progression of gliomas. At the same time, rSLURP-1 does not affect the activity of JNK kinase. Thus, rSLURP-1 is an endogenous protein promising for the development of drugs based on it for the treatment of not only carcinomas but also gliomas.
WHO O2CoV2: oxygen requirements and respiratory support in patients with COVID-19 in low-and-middle income countries—protocol for a multicountry, prospective, observational cohort study
Authors: Relan Pryanka , Murthy Srinivas , Marshall John C , Annane Djillali , Chevret Sylvie , Arabi Yaseen M , Waweru-Siika Wangari , Dominguez Rodriguez Sara , Convocar Pauline , Diaz Janet ,   World Health Organization Respiratory Support Research Group
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSARS-CoV-2 has been identified as the cause of the disease officially named COVID-19, primarily a respiratory illness. COVID-19 was characterised as a pandemic on 11 March 2020. It has been estimated that approximately 20% of people with COVID-19 require oxygen therapy. Oxygen has been listed on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines List and Essential Medicines List for Children for almost two decades. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted, more than ever, the acute need for scale-up of oxygen therapy. Detailed data on the use of oxygen therapy in low-and-middle income countries at the patient and facility level are needed to target interventions better globally.Methods and analysisWe aim to describe the requirements and use of oxygen at the facility and patient level of approximately 4500 patients with COVID-19 in 30 countries. Our objectives are specifically to characterise type and duration of different modalities of oxygen therapy delivered to patients; describe demographics and outcomes of hospitalised patients with COVID-19; and describe facility-level oxygen production and support. Primary analyses will be descriptive in nature. Respiratory support transitions will be described in Sankey plots, and Kaplan-Meier models will be used to estimate probability of each transition. A multistate model will be used to study the course of hospital stay of the study population, evaluating transitions of escalating respiratory support transitions to the absorbing states.Ethics and disseminationWHO Ad Hoc COVID-19 Research Ethics Review Committee (ERC) has approved this global protocol. When this protocol is adopted at specific country sites, national ERCs may make require adjustments in accordance with their respective national research ethics guidelines. Dissemination of this protocol and global findings will be open access through peer-reviewed scientific journals, study website, press and online media.Trial registration numberNCT04918875.
Interventions to improve perinatal outcomes among migrant women in high-income countries: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Stevenson Kerrie , Ogunlana K , Edwards Samuel , Henderson William G , Rayment-Jones Hannah , McGranahan Majel , Marti-Castaner Maria , Fellmeth Gracia , Luchenski Serena , Stevenson Fiona A , Knight Marian , Aldridge Robert W 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionWomen who are migrants and who are pregnant or postpartum are at high risk of poorer perinatal outcomes compared with host country populations due to experiencing numerous additional stressors including social exclusion and language barriers. High-income countries (HICs) host many migrants, including forced migrants who may face additional challenges in the peripartum period. Although HICs’ maternity care systems are often well developed, they are not routinely tailored to the needs of migrant women. The primary objective will be to determine what interventions exist to improve perinatal outcomes for migrant women in HICs. The secondary objective will be to explore the effectiveness of these interventions by exploring the impact on perinatal outcomes. The main outcomes of interest will be rates of preterm birth, birth weight, and number of antenatal or postnatal appointments attended.Methods and analysisThis protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Protocols guidelines. EMBASE, EMCARE, MEDLINE and PsycINFO, CENTRAL, Scopus, CINAHL Plus, and Web of Science, as well as grey literature sources will be searched from inception up to December 2022. We will include randomised controlled trials, quasi-experimental and interventional studies of interventions, which aim to improve perinatal outcomes in any HIC. There will be no language restrictions. We will exclude studies presenting only qualitative outcomes and those including mixed populations of migrant and non-migrant women. Screening and data extraction will be completed by two independent reviewers and risk of bias will be assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. If a collection of suitably comparable outcomes is retrieved, we will perform meta-analysis applying a random effects model. Presentation of results will comply with guidelines in the Cochrane Handbook of Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the PRISMA statement.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required. Results will be submitted for peer-reviewed publication and presented at national and international conferences. The findings will inform the work of the Lancet Migration European Hub.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022380678.
Learning to lead through the climate crisis
Authors: Yassaie Rammina 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe climate crisis is the biggest health crisis and social injustice of our time. The author critically reflects on the challenges of coming to terms with the realities of the climate crisis and what these mean for clinicians, educators and leaders in healthcare.MethodsUsing a framework of the personal, professional and the political, the author navigates what learning to lead through the climate crisis really means.ConclusionThe author invites readers to explore their own circles of influence in this crucial arena, whilst emphasising the need for both action and hope in this space.
Transcatheter Ductal Stents Versus Surgical Systemic‐Pulmonary Artery Shunts in Neonates With Congenital Heart Disease With Ductal‐Dependent Pulmonary Blood Flow: Trends and Associated Outcomes From the Pediatric Health Information System Database
Authors: Valencia Eleonore , Staffa Steven J. , Kuntz Michael T. , Zaleski Katherine L. , Kaza Aditya K. , Maschietto Nicola , Nasr Viviane G. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Surgical systemic‐to‐pulmonary artery shunts have been the standard approach to establish stable pulmonary blood flow in neonates with congenital heart disease with ductal‐dependent pulmonary blood flow. More recently, transcatheter ductal stents have been performed as an alternative, less invasive intervention. We aimed to characterize trends in the utilization of surgical shunts versus ductal stents and compare associated outcomes.

Methods and Results

Using data from the Pediatric Health Information System, we retrospectively analyzed neonates with congenital heart disease with ductal‐dependent pulmonary blood flow who underwent surgical shunt or ductal stent placement between January 2016 and December 2021. Patients were identified by
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
(
ICD‐10
) diagnosis and procedure codes. The primary outcome was length of hospital stay. Secondary outcomes were reintervention risk and adjusted hospital costs. Of 936 patients included, 65.2% underwent a surgical shunt over the 6‐year period. The proportion who underwent ductal stenting increased from 19% to 53.4% from 2016 to 2021. The median adjusted difference in postintervention length of hospital stay was 11 days greater for the surgical shunt cohort (95% CI, 7.2–14.8;
P
<0.001). The adjusted reintervention risks within 3 (odds ratio [OR], 3.37 [95% CI, 1.91–5.95],
P
<0.001) and 6 months (OR, 2.43 [95% CI, 1.62–3.64],
P
<0.001) were significantly greater in the ductal stent group. Median adjusted index hospital costs were $198 300 ($11 6400–$340 000) versus $120 400 ($81 800–$192 400) for the surgical shunt and ductal stent cohorts, respectively (
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
Ductal stenting has become an increasingly utilized palliative approach to secure pulmonary blood flow in neonates with congenital heart disease with ductal‐dependent pulmonary blood flow in the United States. Ductal stenting is associated with decreased length of hospital stay and reduced overall cost for the index hospitalization but with a greater reintervention risk than surgical shunting.
Moral Politics of Sidewalk Vending: The Struggle between the City Authorities and Sidewalk Vendors of the City of Manila
Authors: Agnes Reynold D. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article used Kusaka’s moral politics framework in examining the struggle between the city authorities and the sidewalk vendors of the City of Manila. It explained the development of sidewalk vending from the perspectives of the authorities and the sidewalk vendors from the time of Mayor Gemeliano Lopez Jr. (1986–1992) to the time of Mayor Joseph Ejercito Estrada (2013–2019). It showed the moralization of the perceived problem of sidewalk vending in the city and the approach of the authorities in eradicating sidewalk vendors. This qualitative study is a product of interviews with city officials, employees, and the different types of sidewalk vendors. It revealed that authorities perceived the vendors as undisciplined and undesirable illegals, while the vendors see the authorities as corrupt and dishonest extortionists. This moral opposition remains a contributing factor to the unresolved problem of sidewalk vending in Manila. The approach of the authorities to the problem evaded the social injustices experienced by the vendors whose welfare is a mandated responsibility of local officials based on the Local Government Code of 1991. The article suggests the creation of a mechanism of engagement between the authorities and the vendors that will serve as an opportunity for sidewalk vendors’ participation in policymaking.
Headache disorders and relevant sex and socioeconomic patterns in adolescents and young adults across 204 countries and territories: an updated global analysis
Authors: Ge Rongguang , Chang Jie , Cao Yongjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary headache disorders are a group of highly prevalent and disabling neurological diseases that mainly consist of migraine and tension-type headache (TTH). A previous study showed that the burden of headaches peaked at a working age that ranged from 15 to 49, particularly among females, affecting their productivity and severely damaging their social interactions.

Methods
The latest dataset was retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. Three indicators, including prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs), were adopted for evaluation. The overall and specific headache burdens were fully compared and analysed at global, regional, and national levels. The ratio of female YLD rates to male YLD rates due to headaches was calculated to estimate the sex pattern. Finally, we utilized the two-tailed Spearman test to explore the potential association between socioeconomic background and headaches among young people.

Results
Globally, for overall headache disorders, a total of 2,049,979,883 prevalent cases (95% uncertainty interval (UI): 1,864,148,110 to 2,239,388,034), 601,229,802 incident cases (95% UI: 530,329,914 to 681,007,934), and 38,355,993 YLDs (95% UI: 7,259,286 to 83,634,503) were observed for those aged 10 to 54 in 2019. Sex differences were widely found for all headache types among adolescents and young adults, especially migraine. However, the most interesting finding was that the associations we tested between the socioeconomic environment and young headache patients were positive, regardless of region or specific country or territory.

Conclusions
Overall, the global burden of headaches in adolescents and young adults largely increased from 1990 to 2019. Although slight declines were observed in sex differences, they remained significant and challenging. The positive correlations between headache and socioeconomic background among young people were relatively inconsistent with previous investigations, and several related hypotheses were proposed for explanation. Interdisciplinary actions involving education, policy- and law-making, and basic medical practice are desperately needed to further fight against the headache burden, promote gender equality in headache care, and eliminate the stigmatization of headache patients in student and working groups.
Prevalence, clinical characteristics and echocardiographic parameters of arrhythmias among patients with rheumatic heart disease attending Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Makatu Clara Damascene , Mutagaywa Reuben Kato , Peter Ponsian , Barongo Aileen , Kifai Engerasiya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Arrhythmia is a known complication of rheumatic heart disease (RHD). It is critical to recognize arrhythmias early on so that prompt preventative actions and vigilant monitoring may be considered while treating these patients.

Aim
This study aimed at determining the prevalence, clinical characteristics and echocardiographic parameters of arrhythmias among RHD patients attending Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute (JKCI).

Methodology
Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 390 patients with an echocardiographic diagnosis of RHD aged 18years and above attending JKCI. Demographic and clinical information was documented. Echocardiography, a resting electrocardiography and 24 h ambulatory Holter monitoring electrocardiography were done. Chi square test was used to determine association between variables and those with a p value ≤ 0.2 were entered in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the independent factors associated with arrhythmias. P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The receiver operating curve was used to determine the critical point for left atrial size beyond which arrhythmias develop.

Results
A total of 390 patients were included in the analysis. The median age was 39 years interquartile range (IQR 30–52). Females were 257/390 (65.9%). Asymptomatic patients were 208/390 (53.3%). Most patients belonged to New York heart Association (NYHA) functional class I&II 247/390 (62.1%). The most common valve lesion was mitral stenosis 228/390 (58.5%). Arrhythmias were found in 276/390 (70.77%) patients, of which 193/390 (49.5%) patients were from resting electrocardiography (ECG) and 88/197 (44.7%) patients from holter ECG. Independent factors for arrhythmias were, NYHA functional class III&IV (a0R 4.67, 95% CI 1.82-12.00 p = < 0.01) and severe left atrial diameter enlargement (aOR 7.28, 95% CI 3.17–16.70 p = < 0.01). The critical point beyond which arrhythmias develop was found to be left atrium diameter > 48 mm.

Conclusion
We found a high prevalence of arrhythmias among patients with RHD. The independent predictors of arrhythmias were left atrium dilatation and NYHA functional class III-IV. We recommend close monitoring for arrhythmias among RHD patients in sinus rhythm with higher NYHA functional class and dilated left atrium.
Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and hypertension among adults in North Sudan: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Hassan Ahmed A. , Abdelbagi Omer , Osman Osman E. , Adam Ishag 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Globally, hypertension represents a major public health problem. The association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and hypertension remains unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the association between serum 25(OH)D levels and hypertension among adults in Sudan.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in North Sudan. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a questionnaire and face-to-face interviews. Serum 25(OH)D was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Multivariate logistic regression and multiple linear regression analyses were performed.

Results
Of the total of 391 participants, 202 (51.7%) were females. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of participants’ ages was 45(32–55) years. Of the total, 219(56.0%) had hypertension. The median (IQR) of serum25(OH)D was 13.3(9.9–19.7) ng/mL, and 295 (75.4%) participants had vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL). In multivariable logistic regression, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for age = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI)1.03‒1.061, the AOR for being female = 2.02, 95% CI, 1.12‒3.66, and body mass index was AOR = 1.09, 95% CI, 1.05‒1.14, all of which were significantly associated with hypertension. However, serum 25(OH)D levels were not associated with hypertension (AOR = 1.01, 95% CI 0.99‒1.05, P = 0.317). In multiple linear regression, while systolic blood pressure was negatively associated with 25(OH)D (coefficient = − 0.28, P = 0.017), there was no significant association between serum 25(OH)D level and diastolic blood pressure (coefficient = − 0.10, P = 0.272) or mean blood pressure (coefficient =–0.03, P = 0.686).

Conclusion
The current study revealed a negative association between vitamin D and systolic blood pressure. The mechanism of such an association needs further study.