bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gynäkologische Tumoren
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Mertelsmann Roland , Duyster Justus 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel 16 beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung der am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg verwendeten Tumortherapie- und ggf. Studien-Protokolle der Entität Gynäkologische Tumoren. Dieses ist in die Unterkapitel Mammakarzinom, Ovarialkarzinom, Zervixkarzinom und andere gynäkologische Karzinome gegliedert. Der Kapitelinhalt orientiert sich an aktuellen Leitlinien und Therapieempfehlungen und spiegelt detailliert die Therapieabläufe inkl. Supportivtherapie der Freiburger Praxis wider.Beim Erwerb von Einzelkapiteln muss folgendes beachtet werden:

Protokolle, die bei mehreren Entitäten angewandt werden können, sind aus technischen Gründen nur in jeweils einem Kapitel enthalten. Deshalb muss unter Umständen das Gesamtwerk konsultiert werden.

Erläuterungen zum praktischen Gebrauch der Protokollsammlung inkl. Dosismodifikationstabellen befinden sich im Kapitel 1 (Einleitung).
Urogenitaltumoren
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Mertelsmann Roland , Duyster Justus 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel 17 beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung der am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg verwendeten Tumortherapie- und ggf. Studien-Protokolle der Entität Urogenitaltumoren. Dieses ist in die Unterkapitel Hoden-/Keimzellkarzinom, Prostatakarzinom, Nierenzellkarzinom, Nebennierenrindenkarzinom, Phäochromozytom, Urothelkarzinom und Nephroblastom gegliedert. Der Kapitelinhalt orientiert sich an aktuellen Leitlinien und Therapieempfehlungen und spiegelt detailliert die Therapieabläufe inkl. Supportivtherapie der Freiburger Praxis wider.Beim Erwerb von Einzelkapiteln muss folgendes beachtet werden:

Protokolle, die bei mehreren Entitäten angewandt werden können, sind aus technischen Gründen nur in jeweils einem Kapitel enthalten. Deshalb muss unter Umständen das Gesamtwerk konsultiert werden.

Erläuterungen zum praktischen Gebrauch der Protokollsammlung inkl. Dosismodifikationstabellen befinden sich im Kapitel 1 (Einleitung).
RTx: Urogenitale Tumoren
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Mertelsmann Roland , Duyster Justus 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel 25 beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung der am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg verwendeten Tumortherapie- und ggf. Studien-Protokolle der Entität Radio-Chemotherapie (RTx): Urogenitale Tumoren. Der Kapitelinhalt orientiert sich an aktuellen Leitlinien und Therapieempfehlungen und spiegelt detailliert die Therapieabläufe inkl. Supportivtherapie der Freiburger Praxis wider.Beim Erwerb von Einzelkapiteln muss folgendes beachtet werden:

Protokolle, die bei mehreren Entitäten angewandt werden können, sind aus technischen Gründen nur in jeweils einem Kapitel enthalten. Deshalb muss unter Umständen das Gesamtwerk konsultiert werden.

Erläuterungen zum praktischen Gebrauch der Protokollsammlung inkl. Dosismodifikationstabellen befinden sich im Kapitel 1 (Einleitung).
Intrathekale Anwendung
Authors: Engelhardt Monika , Mertelsmann Roland , Duyster Justus 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel 28 beinhaltet eine Zusammenstellung der am Universitätsklinikum Freiburg verwendeten Tumortherapie-Protokolle zur intrathekalen Anwendung. Dieses ist in die Unterkapitel Intrathekale Prophylaxe und Intrathekale Therapie gegliedert. Der Kapitelinhalt orientiert sich an aktuellen Leitlinien und Therapieempfehlungen und spiegelt detailliert die Therapieabläufe der Freiburger Praxis wider.Beim Erwerb von Einzelkapiteln muss folgendes beachtet werden:

Protokolle, die bei mehreren Entitäten angewandt werden können, sind aus technischen Gründen nur in jeweils einem Kapitel enthalten. Deshalb muss unter Umständen das Gesamtwerk konsultiert werden.

Erläuterungen zum praktischen Gebrauch der Protokollsammlung inkl. Dosismodifikationstabellen befinden sich im Kapitel 1 (Einleitung).
Fairness criteria for allocating indivisible chores: connections and efficiencies
Authors: Sun Ankang , Chen Bo , Doan Xuan Vinh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study several fairness notions in allocating indivisible chores (i.e., items with disutilities) to agents who have additive and submodular cost functions. The fairness criteria we are concerned with are envy-free up to any item, envy-free up to one item, maximin share (MMS), and pairwise maximin share (PMMS), which are proposed as relaxations of envy-freeness in the setting of additive cost functions. For allocations under each fairness criterion, we establish their approximation guarantee for other fairness criteria. Under the additive setting, our results show strong connections between these fairness criteria and, at the same time, reveal intrinsic differences between goods allocation and chores allocation. However, such strong relationships cannot be inherited by the submodular setting, under which PMMS and MMS are no longer relaxations of envy-freeness and, even worse, few non-trivial guarantees exist. We also investigate efficiency loss under these fairness constraints and establish their prices of fairness.
Perceptions and sociocultural factors underlying adoption of conservation agriculture in the Mediterranean
Authors: Topp Emmeline , El Azhari Mohamed , Cicek Harun , Cheikh M’Hamed Hatem , Dhraief Mohamed Zied , El Gharras Oussama , Puig Roca Jordi , Quintas-Soriano Cristina , Rueda Iáñez Laura , Sakouili Abderrahmane , Oueslati Zlaoui Meriem , Plieninger Tobias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Mediterranean region is facing major challenges for soil conservation and sustainable agriculture. Conservation agriculture (CA), including reduced soil disturbance, can help conserve soils and improve soil fertility, but its adoption in the Mediterranean region is limited. Examining farmers’ perceptions of soil and underlying sociocultural factors can help shed light on adoption of soil management practices. In this paper, we conducted a survey with 590 farmers across Morocco, Spain and Tunisia to explore concepts that are cognitively associated with soil and perceptions of tillage. We also evaluated differences in perceptions of innovation, community, adaptive capacity, and responsibility for soil. We found that farmers’ cognitive associations with soil show awareness of soil as a living resource, go beyond agriculture and livelihoods to reveal cultural ties, and link to multiple levels of human needs. Beliefs about the benefits of tillage for water availability and yield persist among the surveyed farmers. We found that openness towards innovation, perceived adaptive capacity and responsibility for soil were associated with minimum tillage, whereas community integration was not. Education, age and farm lifestyle were also associated with differences in these perceptions. CA promotion in the Mediterranean should emphasize the multiple values of soil, should demonstrate how sufficient yields may be achieved alongside resilience to drought, and be tailored to differing levels of environmental awareness and economic needs across north and south.
Reproductive plasticity in response to the changing cluster size during the breeding period: a case study in a spider mite
Authors: Weerawansha Nuwan , Wang Qiao , He Xiong Zhao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnimals living in clusters should adjust their reproductive strategies to adapt to the social environment. Theories predict that the benefits of cluster living would outweigh the costs of competition. Yet, it is largely unknown how animals optimize their reproductive fitness in response to the changing social environment during their breeding period. We used Tetranychus ludeni Zacher, a haplodiploid spider mite, to investigate how the ovipositing females modified their life-history traits in response to the change of cluster size (i.e., aggregation and dispersal) with a consistent population density (1 ♀/cm2). We demonstrate that (1) after females were shifted from a large cluster (16 ♀♀) to small ones (1 ♀, 5 and 10 ♀♀), they laid fewer and larger eggs with a higher female-biased sex ratio; (2) after females were shifted from small clusters to a large one, they laid fewer and smaller eggs, also with a higher female-biased sex ratio, and (3) increasing egg size significantly increased offspring sex ratio (% daughters), but did not increase immature survival. The results suggest that (1) females fertilize more larger eggs laid in a small population but lower the fertilization threshold and fertilize smaller eggs in a larger population, and (2) the reproductive adjustments in terms of egg number and size may contribute more to minimize the mate competition among sons but not to increase the number of inhabitants in the next generation. The current study provides evidence that spider mites can manipulate their reproductive output and adjust offspring sex ratio in response to dynamic social environments.
Improving neural network’s robustness on tabular data with D-layers
Authors: Xia Haiyang , Zaidi Nayyar , Zhang Yishuo , Li Gang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractArtificial neural networks ($${{{\texttt {ANN}}}}$$
ANN
) are widely used machine learning models. Their widespread use has attracted a lot of interest in their robustness. Many studies show that ’s performance can be highly vulnerable to input manipulation such as adversarial attacks and covariate drift. Therefore, various techniques that focus on improving $${{{\texttt {ANN}}}}$$
ANN
’s robustness have been proposed in the last few years. However, most of these works have mostly focused on image data. In this paper, we investigate the role of discretization in improving $${{{\texttt {ANN}}}}$$
ANN
’s robustness on tabular datasets. Two custom $${{{\texttt {ANN}}}}$$
ANN
layers– and (collectively called ) are proposed. The two layers integrate discretization during the training phase to improve $${{{\texttt {ANN}}}}$$
ANN
’s ability to defend against adversarial attacks. Additionally, integrates dynamic discretization during testing phase as well, to provide a unified strategy to handle adversarial attacks and covariate drift. The experimental results on 24 publicly available datasets show that our proposed add much-needed robustness to $${{{\texttt {ANN}}}}$$
ANN
for tabular datasets.
Strengthened, and weakened, by belief
Authors: Trinh Tue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses a set of observations, many of which are novel, concerning differences between the adjectival modals certain and possible and their adverbial counterparts certainly and possibly. It argues that the observations can be derived from a standard interpretation of certain/certainly as universal and possible/possibly as existential quantifiers over possible worlds, in conjunction with the hypothesis that the adjectives quantify over knowledge and the adverbs quantify over belief. The claims on which the argument relies include the following: (i) knowledge implies belief, (ii) agents have epistemic access to their belief, (iii) relevance is closed under speakers’ belief, and (iv) commitment is pragmatically inconsistent with explicit denial of belief.
Determination of the bending strength of glass via four point bending: correction of factor ke in EN1288-3
Authors: Peters Timon , Hof Peter , Schuster Miriam , Schneider Jens , Seel Matthias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEN1288-3 (Glass in building—Determination of the bending strength of glass—Part 3: test with specimen supported at two points (four point bending), 2000) describes the four point bending test for the determination of glass strength. The failure stress is calculated from the vertical force of the testing machine. To determine the difference between the stress calculated from linear 1st order theory and actual glass stress, a factor ke is given. This factor is derived from a 1994 publication (Blank in Glass Sci Technol 67:9–15, 1994) that uses a very simplified finite element model. The present paper will show that for tests with high deformation, which becomes more relevant for smaller glass thickness and chemically strengthened glass, these results differ vastly from the actual behaviour of the glass in the four point bending test as it is performed in most industry and lab settings. With the corrected curves for ke, increases in the characteristic edge strength of more than 50% compared to the current version of EN1288-3 can be derived from the four point bending test in some cases.
A Mathematics Educator Walks into a Physics Class: Identifying Math Skills in Students’ Physics Problem-Solving Practices
Authors: Bowers Janet , Anderson Matthew , Beckhard Kathryn 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the main goals of lower division “service” mathematics courses is to provide STEM-intending students with opportunities to engage in activities and contexts that can support their efforts to apply the mathematical ideas they are learning to successive major courses. The Mathematics Association of America has supported many mathematicians’ efforts to ask partner discipline faculty what topics and habits of mind they feel should be covered in mathematics classes to prepare them for their subsequent classes. We add to this work with a twist: Instead of asking physics faculty what they want students to know, we analyzed videos that students in an introductory physics class created so that we could ask ourselves what mathematical practices were most and least prevalent in the students’ physics problem-solving efforts. A qualitative analysis of the results, which we present here, indicated that most students were proficient in math practices involving problem setup and that the majority were able to apply mathematical concepts such as trigonometry and the solving of algebraic equations. However, only 44% of the student groups concluded their explanations by discussing answer reasonability and only 18% conducted a unit analysis to determine if their answers were applicable to the context of the problems assigned, even though both of these elements are important components of the overall sensemaking process. This report presents examples that illustrate these results and concludes with implications for teaching both entry-level mathematics and physics courses by modeling productive problem-solving and sensemaking practices.
The relationship between weight-related indicators and depressive symptoms during adolescence and adulthood: results from two twin studies
Authors: Thompson Ellen J. , Krebs Georgina , Zavos Helena M.S. , Steves Claire J. , Eley Thalia C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association between weight and depressive symptoms is well established, but the direction of effects remains unclear. Most studies rely on body mass index (BMI) as the sole weight indicator, with few examining the aetiology of the association between weight indicators and depressive symptoms.MethodsWe analysed data from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) and UK Adult Twin Registry (TwinsUK) (7658 and 2775 twin pairs, respectively). A phenotypic cross-lagged panel model assessed the directionality between BMI and depressive symptoms at ages 12, 16, and 21 years in TEDS. Bivariate correlations tested the phenotypic association between a range of weight indicators and depressive symptoms in TwinsUK. In both samples, structural equation modelling of twin data investigated genetic and environmental influences between weight indicators and depression. Sensitivity analyses included two-wave phenotypic cross-lagged panel models and the exclusion of those with a BMI <18.5.ResultsWithin TEDS, the relationship between BMI and depression was bidirectional between ages 12 and 16 with a stronger influence of earlier BMI on later depression. The associations were unidirectional thereafter with depression at 16 influencing BMI at 21. Small genetic correlations were found between BMI and depression at ages 16 and 21, but not at 12. Within TwinsUK, depression was weakly correlated with weight indicators; therefore, it was not possible to generate precise estimates of genetic or environmental correlations.ConclusionsThe directionality of the relationship between BMI and depression appears to be developmentally sensitive. Further research with larger genetically informative samples is needed to estimate the aetiological influence on these associations.
Cost-effectiveness of adding ezetimibe and/or PCSK9 inhibitors to high-dose statins for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults
Authors: Xiang Yuliang , Gan Lei , Du Heyue , Hao Qiukui , Aertgeerts Bert , Li Sheyu , Hu Ming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The latest international guideline recommended the add-on therapy of ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors in selected people for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, it remains unclear whether these regimens fit the Chinese healthcare system economically.

Methods
Based on the Chinese context, this simulation study evaluated four therapeutic strategies including the high-dose statin-only group, ezetimibe plus statin group, PCSK9 inhibitors plus statin group, and PCSK9 inhibitors plus ezetimibe plus statin group. The team developed a Markov model to estimate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). With each 1-yr cycle, the simulation subjects could have nonfatal cardiovascular events (stroke and/or myocardial infarction) or death (vascular or nonvascular death event) with a follow-up duration of 20 yr. Cardiovascular risk reduction was gathered from a network meta-analysis, and cost and utility data were gathered from hospital databases and published research.

Results
For Chinese adults receiving high-dose statins for secondary prevention of CVDs, the ICER was US$68,910 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) for adding PCSK9 inhibitors, US$20,242 per QALY for adding ezetimibe, US$51,552 per QALY for adding both drugs. Given a threshold of US$37,655 (three times of Chinese GDP), the probability of cost-effectiveness is 2.9 percent for adding PCSK9 inhibitors, 53.1 percent for adding ezetimibe, and 16.8 percent for adding both drugs. To meet the cost-effectiveness, an acquisition price reduction of PCSK9 inhibitors of 33.6 percent is necessary.

Conclusion
In Chinese adults receiving high-dose statins for the secondary prevention of CVDs, adding ezetimibe is cost-effective compared to adding PCSK9 inhibitors and adding both drugs.
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Blood Pressure and Serum Lipids Across Age-Groups
Authors: Miao Ke , Wang Yutong , Cao Weihua , Lv Jun , Yu Canqing , Huang Tao , Sun Dianjianyi , Liao Chunxiao , Pang Yuanjie , Hu Runhua , Pang Zengchang , Yu Min , Wang Hua , Wu Xianping , Liu Yu , Gao Wenjing , Li Liming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAging plays a crucial role in the mechanisms of the impacts of genetic and environmental factors on blood pressure and serum lipids. However, to our knowledge, how the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the correlation between blood pressure and serum lipids changes with age remains to be determined. In this study, data from the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) were used. Resting blood pressure, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and fasting serum lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TGs) were measured in 2378 participants (1189 twin pairs). Univariate and bivariate structural equation models examined the genetic and environmental influences on blood pressure and serum lipids among three age groups. All phenotypes showed moderate to high heritability (0.37–0.59) and moderate unique environmental variance (0.30–0.44). The heritability of all phenotypes showed a decreasing trend with age. Among all phenotypes, SBP and DBP showed a significant monotonic decreasing trend. For phenotype-phenotype pairs, the phenotypic correlation (Rph) of each pair ranged from −0.04 to 0.23, and the additive genetic correlation (Ra) ranged from 0.00 to 0.36. For TC&SBP, TC&DBP, TG&SBP and TGs&DBP, both the Rph and Ra declined with age, and the Ra difference between the young group and the older adult group is statistically significant (p < .05). The unique environmental correlation (Re) of each pair did not follow any pattern with age and remained relatively stable with age. In summary, we observed that the heritability of blood pressure was affected by age. Moreover, blood pressure and serum lipids shared common genetic backgrounds, and age had an impact on the phenotypic correlation and genetic correlations.
Continental Thermal Blanketing Explains the Compositional Dichotomy of the Diffuse Basaltic Province Across Central‐Eastern Asia
Authors: Dai Hong‐Kun , Zheng Jian‐Ping , Xiong Qing , Griffin William L. , O’Reilly Suzanne Y. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA diffuse magmatic province covering central‐eastern Asia continent displays a compositional transition at 120–100 Ma and probably reflects melting initiation in isotopically enriched lithospheric mantle, followed by melting of the asthenosphere. However, the cause for the transition across such a vast landmass remains poorly constrained. Here, analyses of newly found Chaoge basalts (∼95 Ma, central Asia) and compiled data from across the basaltic province are combined to reveal the factors controlling the basalt dichotomy. The Chaoge basalts are considered to originate from a hot pyroxenite‐bearing asthenosphere with potential temperatures of ∼1,450°C, overlapping the source thermochemical conditions for most post‐transition basaltic rocks. The asthenosphere in 120–100 Ma is suggested to be hotter and to have controlled the compositional transition in the studied basaltic province. We suggest that asthenospheric warming resulted from prolonged continental thermal blanketing and can account for other diffuse igneous provinces with similar compositional variations and tectonic histories.
Purinergic neurotransmission receptor P2X4 silencing alleviates intracerebral hemorrhage-induced neuroinflammation by blocking the NLRP1/Caspase-1 pathway
Authors: Wu Yuanshui , Huang Xiaoli , Yang Le , Liu Yuanjie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study is performed to explore the role of P2X4 in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and the association between P2X4 and the NLRP1/Caspase-1 pathway. The mouse ICH model was established via collagenase injection into the right basal ganglia. P2X4 expression in brain tissues was knocked down via intracerebroventricular injection with adeno-associated virus (AAV) harboring shRNA against shP2X4. The gene expression of P2X4 and protein levels related to NLRP1 inflammasome were detected using qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Muramyl dipeptide (an activator of NLRP1) was used to activate NLRP1 in brain tissues. ICH induced high expression of P2X4 in mouse brain tissues. The knockdown of P2X4 alleviated short- and long-term neurological deficits of ICH mice, as well as inhibited the tissue expression and serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β. Additionally, the expressions of NLRP1, ASC, and pro-Caspase-1 were down-regulated upon P2X4 silencing. Moreover, neurological impairment and the expression and secretion of cytokines after P2X4 silencing were aggravated by the additional administration of MDP. P2X4 knockdown represses neuroinflammation in brain tissues after ICH. Mechanistically, P2X4 inhibition exerts a neuroprotective effect in ICH by blocking the NLRP1/Caspase-1 pathway.