bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Connotations of Animal Metaphors in the Jordanian Context
Authors: Hamdan Hady J. , Al-Madanat Hanan , Hamdan Wael 
Published: April 2023

Purpose. This paper examines the connotations of the most common ten animal metaphors in the Jordanian context as perceived by Jordanian Arabic speakers. Methods. The data were collected in three stages. First, the principal researcher shared a post on his Facebook account in which he asked his Jordanian-Arabic speaking virtual friends to report in a comment the most common animal metaphors they use. The researchers compiled 115 comments/responses with 1106 animal metaphor tokens. Second, the received tokens were used to identify the most common animal metaphors. Third, in order to identify the set of connotations of each animal metaphor, the researchers distributed a questionnaire to 137 (43 males and 94 females) students at The University of Jordan in which the respondents were asked to report when each of them tends to use each animal metaphor and for what connotations. Based on the received responses, a preliminary list of connotations was prepared. Finally, the proposed connotations were subjected to a validation process by two Jordanian-Arabic speaking linguists from the Department of English at the University of Jordan. Most of their judgments were compatible with those of the researchers and when there was an overlap, amendments were made to amalgamate the connotations together. Results. The findings show that the ten most common animal metaphors in the Jordanian context are (1) X IS A MONKEY, (2) X IS A DONKEY, (3) X IS A COW, (4) X IS A SNAKE, (5) X IS A DOG, (6) X IS A PIG, (7) X IS A BEAR, (8) X IS A DUCK, (9) X IS AN OWL, and (10) X IS A DEER. They have a total of 39 connotations. X IS A MONKEY is used to convey five connotations, the most common of which is hyperactivity. As for X IS A DONKEY, it has four connotations with stupidity being its most common connotation. X IS A COW has six connotations and it is mainly associated with obesity, especially when referring to females. X IS A SNAKE connotes being toxic and deceitful. With regard to X IS A DOG, it is associated mostly with ill-mannerisms. X IS A PIG has three connotations and it is mostly linked with being deceitful. As for X IS A BEAR, it has four connotations with its most frequent connotation being fat. X IS A DUCK has three connotations and it is associated mostly with being pretty with a beautiful body. X IS AN OWL has three connotations and it is linked mostly with being pessimistic. Finally, X IS A DEER has three connotations with being characterized by beauty as its most common connotation. Conclusions. The study concludes that animal metaphors are culturally loaded and that the environment we live in shapes the way we view animals and the way we use them metaphorically.
The influence of factors on the architectural and environmental organization of underground scientific and research complexes
Authors: Salo Valeriia 
Published: April 2023

The history of development and development of the underground space is known since the time of the first settlements in cave-like structures on the territory of modern Turkey, Tunisia, and the Crimean Peninsula. In the course of the evolutionary development of science and technology, the fields of astrophysics, nuclear physics, and elementary particle physics reached their peak in the 20th century. Since the vast majority of scientific and experimental research carried out in the field of physics requires special laboratory conditions that are as free as possible from the influence of cosmic radiation and radioactive isotopes, the construction of underground research complexes has also achieved active development. During the research, the fundamental works of a number of scientists were analyzed. Conceptual approaches to the development of underground space are considered in the scientific works of Han Admiral and Antonia Cornaro, in the doctoral dissertation of Kenneth B. Lebs. Peculiarities of the urban planning organization of the underground space are studied in the works of: G. I. Hayko, E. Reynolds, L. von der Tann, R. Sterling, Sh. Narang Suri, A. Wright. The problems of global experience in the design of underground buildings and structures were embodied in the works of P. Stones, T. Yung Heng, G.I. Hayko, and N.D. Panktrova. Interdisciplinary issues in the use of underground space are discussed in the works of H. Braun, N.A. Bakhtadze, V. Biletskyi, P. Kh. Gilberta. The spatial and planning organization of underground and surface laboratories is considered in the works of A. Bettini, Aldo Ianni, E. Kochia, K. G. Ryzhkova The article presents groups of factors that have an impact on the structural organization of the environment of underground research complexes. The analysis of the influence of the main factors on the urban planning, spatial and functional structure of underground research complexes was carried out. It was established that the formation of the underground environment is influenced by the following groups of factors: engineering-geological, technological, natural-climatic, urban planning, constructive, economic, legislative, ecological, architectural and planning. A general description of each group of factors is given. It is proposed to consider the above factors from the point of view of a complex approach as closely interconnected structures that influence each other and the formation of the final structure of the underground research complex.
Presentation of Space in E.A. Poe's Horror Stories
Authors: Timralieva Ju. G. , Tatarincev N. S. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the consideration of the category of space in E.A. Poe's prose. On the example of horror stories, the role of artistic space in the author's linguistic picture of the world is determined and its key structural and semantic characteristics are revealed. The relevance of the research is connected with the growing interest in the ways and means of conceptualizing reality in a literary text, to the problems of the artistic genre and to the specifics of the author's idiostyle.Methodology and sources. The main research methods are semantic analysis, which consists in determining the key binary spatial oppositions, and functional-stylistic analysis, focused on identifying ways and means of representing artistic space in the works of E.A. Poe. The empirical basis of the study was stories written in the genre of horror literature: “The Masque of the Red Death”, “The Pit and the Pendulum”, “William Wilson”, “The Fall of the House of Usher”, “Berenice”, “The Cask of Amontillado”, “The Oval Portrait”.Results and discussion. During the analysis, it was found that in E.A. Poe's stories, the representation of space is based on the inseparable relationship of its objective description by the author with his subjective perception of the hero/narrator and is characterized by an abundance of emotionally evaluative and perceptual vocabulary that verbalizes a large range of anxiety states. To the significant techniques of spatial modeling in the stories of E.A. Poe should be attributed to the polarization of space, realized in texts through semantic binary oppositions “open-closed”, “inside-outside”, “top-bottom”, as well as its deformation and hyperbolization.Conclusion. Space appears in E.A. Poe's stories as the most important parameter of conceptualization of reality. The surrounding world in the author's horror literature is inseparable from the images of Gothic literature, which is expressed not only in the use of the chronotope “castle”, in a number of texts transformed into the chronotope “bad house”, but also in the implementation of its motivic complex.
Representation of Disabled People in the Federal Media (by the Materials of the Content Analysis)
Authors: Rocheva Ya. S. , Shavonin A. L. , Shadrin A. A. , Sheverdina S. V. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction. The representation of people with disabilities affects the formation of the image in the public mind. The media play a significant role in shaping the representation of people with disabilities, and this affects the assessment, perception, value judgments about people with disabilities, which for a long time were built incorrectly, stereotyped, and did not contribute to integration, and contradicted the ongoing social policy of the state. Based on the study, the authors noted the neutral nature of the presentation of materials in print media, the use of the term “disabled”, which corresponds to the human rights model of disability, and their representation through materials related to the social policy of the state and charity.Methodology and sources. The research formed on the basis of understanding sociology, structural functionalism, phenomenology and modern communication theories. The article uses the ideas of M. Weber, T. Parsons, N. Luhmann, G. Lasswell, D.P. Gavra, M. Heidegger and E. Yarskaya-Smirnova. The main research method is the qualitative content analysis of federal media articles.Results and discussion. The study made it possible to identify the dominant ideas about people with disabilities and formulate recommendations for changing the nature of the representation of disability and the image of a person with a disability. The image of a disabled person is built on the basis of a medical model of disability and stereotypes based on perception through pity, sacrifice and helplessness. The predominance of such materials in the information field could form a negative image of people with disabilities as helpless people and being a “burden” in the minds of society members. It is required to increase the number of materials in the media that tell about the achievements of people with disabilities, as well as the formation of a monitoring system that will allow monitoring the observance of the rights of people with disabilities in the media.Conclusion. Based on a comparative analysis of the author's research and materials of other authors, it was made a conclusion about the stagnation of the representation of people with disabilities in the federal media, which is a social problem. More frequent use of the image of a disabled person as an independent actor and popularization of the trend for inclusion are required to solve it. Further options for studying the representation of people with disabilities in the media are presented.
Socio-Professional Group of IT Specialists: Conceptualization of the Theoretical and Methodological Foundations of the Study
Authors: Deryugin P. P. , Bannova O. S. , Maranchak A. G. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction. For sociology, it is important to understand the content and forms of integration of IT specialists as one of the types of social associations. Such an analysis is important to carry out since the interpretation and content characteristics of this community subsequently guide all other elements of the strategy of theoretical and empirical research. In particular, it is relevant to identify: in what capacity of a “professional community” or “professional group” IT specialists act as a real social phenomenon.Methodology and sources. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of IT specialists involved identifying the nature and forms of their social integration: as socioprofessional groups, or as socio-professional communities. Based on the analysis of the fundamental provisions of foreign and Russian sociologists F. Tennis, J. Shchepansky, R. Merton, K. Manheim, T.M. Mills, P.A. Sorokin, V.A. Yadov, and many others, the differences in the understanding of “community” and “group” are revealed as a reflection of the special essential characteristics of these forms of integration.Results and discussion. The results of the analysis of statistical data show that the concept of a social group is used much more often than the concept of community in characterizing integration processes; this is a more relevant category for modern research. The results confirm the significant connection between the concept of “group” and the concepts of “values”, “common goal”, and “professional”. Exploring the numerous features of IT specialists, such as self-education, the desire to organize training based on introspection, significant differences from other specialists in the system of professions “human-sign system”, such as erudition and logical thinking, mastering mathematics, English language, the Internet as necessary starting conditions for entering the profession, the authors use the definition of a professional or social group.Conclusion. IT professionals should be considered a special socio-professional group with all the signs of such social integration. IT professionals operate in today's multidimensional social space. As a social group, IT specialists are united by the presence of a common feature – activities in a special environment – in the information and digital space, common social values.
Anti-TNF (adalimumab) injection for the treatment of adults with frozen shoulder during the pain predominant stage protocol for a multi-centre, randomised, double blind, parallel group, feasibility trial
Authors: Hopewell Sally , Kenealy Nicola , Knight Ruth , Rangan Amar , Dutton Susan , Srikesavan Cynthia , Feldmann Marc , Lamb Sarah , Nanchahal Jagdeep 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The Anti-Freaze-F trial will assess the feasibility of conducting a large randomised controlled trial to assess whether intra-articular injection of anti-TNF (adalimumab) can reduce pain and improve function in people with pain predominant early stage frozen shoulder. Methods and analysis: We are conducting a multi-centre, randomised feasibility study, with an embedded qualitative sub-study. We will recruit adults ≥18 years with a new episode of shoulder pain attributable to early stage frozen shoulder, recruited from at least five UK NHS musculoskeletal and related physiotherapy services. Participants (n=84) will be randomised (centralised computer generated 1:1 allocation) to receive either: 1) intra-articular injection of anti-TNF (adalimumab 160mg) or 2) placebo injection (saline [0.9% sodium chloride]), both under ultrasound guidance. A second injection of the allocated treatment (adalimumab 80mg) or equivalent volume of placebo will be administered 2-3 weeks later. All participants will receive a physiotherapy advice leaflet providing education and advice about frozen shoulder and pain management. The primary feasibility objectives are: 1) the ability to screen and identify potential participants with pain predominant early stage frozen shoulder; 2) willingness of eligible participants to consent and be randomised to intervention; 3) practicalities of delivering the intervention, including time to first injection and number of participants receiving second injection; 4) standard deviation of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) score and attrition rate at 3 months from baseline in order to estimate the sample size for a definitive trial. We will also assess follow up rates and viability of patient-reported outcome measures and range of shoulder motion for a definitive trial. Research Ethics Committee approval (REC 21/NE/0214). Trial registration number: ISRCTN 27075727; EudraCT number: 2021-003509-23; ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05299242.
Nanofibrous insulin/vildagliptin core-shell PLGA scaffold promotes diabetic wound healing
Authors: Lee Chen-Hung , Chen Dong-Yi , Hsieh Ming-Jer , Hung Kuo-Chun , Huang Shu-Chun , Cho Chia-Jung , Liu Shih-Jung 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Slow wound repair in diabetes is a serious adverse event that often results in loss of a limb or disability. An advanced and encouraging vehicle is wanted to enhance clinically applicable diabetic wound care. Nanofibrous insulin/vildagliptin core-shell biodegradable poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds to prolong the effective drug delivery of vildagliptin and insulin for the repair of diabetic wounds were prepared.Methods: To fabricate core-shell nanofibrous membranes, vildagliptin mixture with PLGA, and insulin solution were pumped via separate pumps into two differently sized capillary tubes that were coaxially electrospun.Results and Discussion: Nanofibrous core-shell scaffolds slowly released effective vildagliptin and insulin over 2 weeks in vitro migration assay and in vivo wound-healing models. Water contact angle (68.3 ± 8.5° vs. 121.4 ± 2.0°, p = 0.006) and peaked water absorbent capacity (376% ± 9% vs. 283% ± 24%, p = 0.003) of the insulin/vildagliptin core-shell nanofibrous membranes remarkably exceeded those of a control group. The insulin/vildagliptin-loaded core-shell nanofibers improved endothelial progenitor cells migration in vitro (762 ± 77 cells/mm2 vs. 424.4 ± 23 cells/mm2, p &lt; 0.001), reduced the α-smooth muscle actin content in vivo (0.72 ± 0.23 vs. 2.07 ± 0.37, p &lt; 0.001), and increased diabetic would recovery (1.9 ± 0.3 mm2 vs. 8.0 ± 1.4 mm2, p = 0.002). Core-shell insulin/vildagliptin-loaded nanofibers extend the drug delivery of insulin and vildagliptin and accelerate the repair of wounds associated with diabetes.
Moving fluoroscopy-based analysis of THA kinematics during unrestricted activities of daily living
Authors: D’Isidoro Fabio , Brockmann Clara , Friesenbichler Bernd , Zumbrunn Thomas , Leunig Michael , Ferguson Stephen J. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Knowledge of the accurate in-vivo kinematics of total hip arthroplasty (THA) during activities of daily living can potentially improve the in-vitro or computational wear and impingement prediction of hip implants. Fluoroscopy- based techniques provide more accurate kinematics compared to skin marker-based motion capture, which is affected by the soft tissue artefact. To date, stationary fluoroscopic machines allowed the measurement of only restricted movements, or only a portion of the whole motion cycle.Methods: In this study, a moving fluoroscopic robot was used to measure the hip joint motion of 15 THA subjects during whole cycles of unrestricted activities of daily living, i.e., overground gait, stair descent, chair rise and putting on socks.Results: The retrieved hip joint motions differed from the standard patterns applied for wear testing, demonstrating that current pre-clinical wear testing procedures do not reflect the experienced in-vivo daily motions of THA.Discussion: The measured patient-specific kinematics may be used as input to in vitro and computational simulations, in order to investigate how individual motion patterns affect the predicted wear or impingement.
Improving carbon monoxide tolerance of Cupriavidus necator H16 through adaptive laboratory evolution
Authors: Wickham-Smith Charles , Malys Naglis , Winzer Klaus 
Published: April 2023

Background: The toxic gas carbon monoxide (CO) is abundantly present in synthesis gas (syngas) and certain industrial waste gases that can serve as feedstocks for the biological production of industrially significant chemicals and fuels. For efficient bacterial growth to occur, and to increase productivity and titres, a high resistance to the gas is required. The aerobic bacterium Cupriavidus necator H16 can grow on CO2 + H2, although it cannot utilise CO as a source of carbon and energy. This study aimed to increase its CO resistance through adaptive laboratory evolution.Results: To increase the tolerance of C. necator to CO, the organism was continually subcultured in the presence of CO both heterotrophically and autotrophically. Ten individual cultures were evolved heterotrophically with fructose in this manner and eventually displayed a clear growth advantage over the wild type strain. Next-generation sequencing revealed several mutations, including a single point mutation upstream of a cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase operon (cydA2B2), which was present in all evolved isolates. When a subset of these mutations was engineered into the parental H16 strain, only the cydA2B2 upstream mutation enabled faster growth in the presence of CO. Expression analysis, mutation, overexpression and complementation suggested that cydA2B2 transcription is upregulated in the evolved isolates, resulting in increased CO tolerance under heterotrophic but not autotrophic conditions. However, through subculturing on a syngas-like mixture with increasing CO concentrations, C. necator could also be evolved to tolerate high CO concentrations under autotrophic conditions. A mutation in the gene for the soluble [NiFe]-hydrogenase subunit hoxH was identified in the evolved isolates. When the resulting amino acid change was engineered into the parental strain, autotrophic CO resistance was conferred. A strain constitutively expressing cydA2B2 and the mutated hoxH gene exhibited high CO tolerance under both heterotrophic and autotrophic conditions.Conclusion:C. necator was evolved to tolerate high concentrations of CO, a phenomenon which was dependent on the terminal respiratory cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase when grown heterotrophically and the soluble [NiFe]-hydrogenase when grown autotrophically. A strain exhibiting high tolerance under both conditions was created and presents a promising chassis for syngas-based bioproduction processes.
On-line identification of the chemical constituents of Polygoni Multiflori Radix by UHPLC-Q-ToF MS/MS
Authors: Wang Xueting , Yang Jianbo , Cheng Xianlong , Wang Ying , Gao Huiyu , Song Yunfei , Wei Feng , Ma Shuangcheng 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) is a type of Chinese herbal medicine with rich chemical composition and pharmacological activity used widely in medicine and food. However, in recent years, there have been increasing numbers of negative reports about its hepatotoxicity. Identification of its chemical constituents for quality control and safe use is very important.Methods: Three solvents of different polarities (water, 70% ethanol, and 95% ethanol solution) were used to extract the compounds from PMR. Extracts were analyzed and characterized by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-ToF MS/MS) in the negative-ion mode.Results: 152 compounds were detected and identified: 50 anthraquinones, 33 stilbene derivatives, 21 flavonoids, seven naphthalene compounds, and 41 other compounds. Eight other compounds were reported for the first time in the PMR-related literature, and eight other compounds were potentially new compounds.Discussion: This study lays a solid foundation for the screening of toxicity and quality-control indicators of PMR.