bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A convection‐permitting dynamically downscaled dataset over the Midwestern United States
Authors: Lauer Abraham , Devaney Jesse , Kieu Chanh , Kravitz Ben , O'Brien Travis A. , Robeson Scott M. , Staten Paul W. , Vu The Anh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClimate change is expected to have far‐reaching effects at both the global and regional scale, but local effects are difficult to determine from coarse‐resolution climate studies. Dynamical downscaling can provide insight into future climate projections on local scales. Here, we present a new dynamically downscaled dataset for Indiana and the surrounding regions. Output from the Community Earth System Model (CESM) version 1 is downscaled using the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). Simulations are run with a 24‐hr reinitialization strategy and a 12‐hr spin‐up window. WRF output is bias corrected to the National Centers for Environmental Protection/National Center for Atmospheric Research 40‐year Reanalysis project (NCEP) using a modified quantile mapping method. Bias‐corrected 2‐m air temperature and accumulated precipitation are the initial focus, with additional variables planned for future releases. Regional climate change signals agree well with larger global studies, and local fine‐scaled features are visible in the resulting dataset, such as urban heat islands, frontal passages, and orographic temperature gradients. This high‐resolution climate dataset could be used for down‐stream applications focused on impacts across the domain, such as urban planning, energy usage, water resources, agriculture and public health.
Saliva biopsy: Detecting the difference of EBV DNA methylation in the diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Xiao‐Hui , Deng Chang‐Mi , Zhou Ting , Li Xi‐Zhao , Tang Cao‐Li , Jiang Cheng‐Tao , Liao Ying , Wang Tong‐Min , He Yong‐Qiao , Jia Wei‐Hua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSaliva sampling is a non‐invasive method, and could be performed by donors themselves. However, there are few studies reporting biomarkers in saliva in the diagnosis of NPC. A total of 987 salivary samples were used in this study. First, EBV DNA methylation was profiled by capture sequencing in the discovery cohort (n = 36). Second, a q‐PCR based method was developed and five representative EBV DNA CpG sites (11 029 bp, 45 849 bp, 57 945 bp, 66 226 bp and 128 102 bp) were selected and quantified to obtain the methylated density in the validation cohort1 (n = 801). Third, a validation cohort2 (n = 108) was used to further verify the differences of EBV methylation in saliva. A significant increase of EBV methylation was found in NPC patients compared with controls. The methylated score of EBV genome obtained by capture sequencing could distinguish NPC from controls (sensitivity 90%, specificity 100%). Further, the methylated density of EBV DNA CpG sites revealed by q‐PCR showed a good diagnostic performance. The sensitivity and specificity of detecting a single CpG site (11 029 bp) could reach 75.4% and 99.7% in the validation cohort1, and 78.2% and 100% in the validation cohort2. Besides, the methylated density of the CpG site was found to decrease below the COV in NPC patients after therapy, and increase above the COV after recurrence. Our study provides an appealing alternative for the non‐invasive detection of NPC without clinical setting. It paves the way for conducting a home‐based large‐scale screening in the future.
Investigating green energy–environment nexus in post‐COP26 era: Can technological innovation, financial development and government expenditure deliver Africa's targets?
Authors: Wang Yixuan , Ibrahim Ridwan Lanre , Oke David Mautin , Al‐Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlobal warming remains one of the most topical issues in environmental debates because of its unimaginable ecological complications and threats to human existence. The determination to curtail the unwavering ravaging impacts of global warming motivates the 26th edition of the Conference of the Parties (COP26). Hence, this study examines explicitly how prominent factors discussed at COP26, such as technological innovation and green energy, will enhance the deliverance of the targets for Africa. While capturing environmental sustainability with CO2 emissions and ecological footprint, the empirical model endogenizes structural change, government expenditures and financial development from 1990 to 2018. The verification of stated hypotheses relies on the cross‐sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS‐ARDL) model, augmented mean group (AMG), common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG) and method of moment quantile regression (MMQR) model. Our empirical results reveal that technological innovation, green energy and service‐led growth promote environmental sustainability by mitigating the surge in CO2 emissions and ecological footprint. Besides, government expenditures, financial development, agriculture and manufacturing hinder environmental sustainability. Policies that promote sustainable ecosystem in Africa are suggested based on empirical findings.
Association of mode of delivery with short‐term and neurodevelopmental outcomes in periviable singleton infants: A nationwide database study
Authors: Huang Yi‐Ya , Chang Jui‐Hsing , Chen Chia‐Huei , Peng Chun‐Chin , Hsu Chyong‐Hsin , Ko Mary Hsin‐Ju , Chen Chen‐Yu , Chang Hung‐Yang ,   the Taiwan Premature Infant Follow‐Up Network
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the association of mode of delivery (MOD) with short‐term and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years of corrected age (CA) in periviable singleton infants.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study of the Taiwan Premature Infant Follow‐up Network database between 2010 and 2016 compared non‐anomalous singleton deliveries (cesarean delivery [CD] vs vaginal delivery [VD]) between 22 0/7 and 25 6/7 gestational weeks. Major morbidities, mortality, and neurodevelopmental outcomes were evaluated at 2‐year CA.ResultsThe CD and VD groups included 354 and 472 infants, respectively. The intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) rate was lower in the CD group (54% vs 66%, P = 0.001), but severe IVH differed non‐significantly between groups (20% vs 26%, P = 0.057). In the small‐for‐gestational age subgroup, CD was associated with lower IVH (56% vs 84%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04–0.69) and better survival without neurodevelopmental impairment (29% vs 8%, aOR, 6.64, 95% CI 1.02–43.29) after controlling for potential confounders.ConclusionThe optimal MOD for periviable singleton birth and its impact are unclear. CD in periviable singleton births is associated with a decreased IVH risk, without improvement in severe IVH, mortality, or neurodevelopment at 2‐year CA. The small‐for‐gestational age subgroup may benefit from CD for better survival without neurodevelopmental impairment.
Irrigation and drainage in the Republic of Tajikistan
Authors: Gaforzoda Bahrom , Yuldashev Rauf 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Republic of Tajikistan is an agrarian country in Central Asia with a population of more than 10 million. Ninety‐three per cent of the territory is taken up by mountains. The country is rich in water resources (glaciers, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, mineral springs, etc.) The rivers of Tajikistan form 55.4% of the average annual surface runoff of the Aral Sea basin. The total area of land potentially suitable for irrigation in the country is estimated at 1.57 Mha, of which 763,000 ha were developed by 2021, of which 289,000 ha are irrigated with the help of 390  pumping stations with 1500 pumps and 213,000 ha are irrigated with the help of 228 cascade pumping stations with 922 aggregates. The irrigation and drainage networks are mainly located in the basins of the Syr Darya, Zarafshan, Kafernigan, Vakhsh and Pyanj rivers. In general, 26,700 km of irrigation networks, main canals and 11,400 km of collector‐drainage networks, 7099 hydraulic structures, 505 vertical wells, 169 siphons, 110 aqueducts, 5455 water distribution points and 3858 gauging posts function to serve irrigated lands in the country.
Daily association between parent−adolescent relationship and life satisfaction: The moderating role of emotion dysregulation
Authors: Chiang Shou‐Chun , Chen Wan‐Chen , Wu Pei‐Yu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn adolescence, life satisfaction is an early indicator of later psychological well‐being. However, researchers know little about how daily family relationships shape adolescent life satisfaction. The current study examined the day‐to‐day associations between parent–adolescent relationships and life satisfaction, and whether adolescent emotion dysregulation moderated these associations.MethodsA total of 191 adolescents (Mage = 12.93, SDage = 0.75, 53% female) recruited from junior high schools in Taiwan participated in a 10‐day daily diary protocol. We conducted multilevel analyses to examine within‐family and between‐family processes.ResultsAt the within‐family level, adolescents reported higher life satisfaction on days when parent–adolescent closeness was higher, but lower life satisfaction on days when parent–adolescent conflict was higher. At the between‐family level, higher parent–adolescent closeness was associated with greater life satisfaction on average, while parent–adolescent conflict was not related to adolescent life satisfaction. Cross‐level interactions indicated that within‐family changes in parent–adolescent closeness and conflict were only associated with life satisfaction for adolescents with higher levels of emotion dysregulation, indicating emotion dysregulation may intensify the role of daily parent–adolescent relationships in shaping adolescent life satisfaction.ConclusionsThis study expands current literature and provides novel evidence that changes in day‐to‐day parent–adolescent relationships have important implications for adolescent life satisfaction, especially for youth higher in emotion dysregulation. The findings underscore the importance of evaluating family and individual characteristics to better support adolescent well‐being.
High‐resolution in vivo imaging of human nailbed microvasculature by using photoacoustic microscopy
Authors: Li Dongfang , Zhao Manli , Tao Chao , Qian Xiaoqin , Liu Xiaojun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMicrocirculation imaging has significantly clinical value in early diagnosis and curative effect judgment of various diseases. The most superficial layer of the nailbed is rich in capillaries, which is suitable as a window on the microcirculation. However, few techniques can noninvasively observe the blood supply distribution of the nailbed, especially for high‐resolution imaging of capillaries. In this study, we adapted an optical‐resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR‐PAM) to image the nailbed microvasculature. The imaging sensitivity was significantly improved by hydration pretreatment of the nail. In vitro phantom experiments demonstrate that the sensitivity was improved about 3.5 times after hydration. In vivo imaging experiments of the nailbed microvasculature were conducted to further examine the enhanced sensitivity and practicability of OR‐PAM. Moreover, the quantitative analysis of capillary loops showed that OR‐PAM can extract the detection indicators including vascular morphology, diameter, and length, which provides a basis for clinical microcirculation detection using OR‐PAM.
A simple and consistent quantum‐chemical fragmentation scheme for proteins that includes two‐body contributions
Authors: Vornweg Johannes R. , Wolter Mario , Jacob Christoph R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Molecular Fractionation with Conjugate Caps (MFCC) method is a popular fragmentation method for the quantum‐chemical treatment of proteins. However, it does not account for interactions between the amino acid fragments, such as intramolecular hydrogen bonding. Here, we present a combination of the MFCC fragmentation scheme with a second‐order many‐body expansion (MBE) that consistently accounts for all fragment–fragment, fragment–cap, and cap–cap interactions, while retaining the overall simplicity of the MFCC scheme with its chemically meaningful fragments. We show that with the resulting MFCC‐MBE(2) scheme, the errors in the total energies of selected polypeptides and proteins can be reduced by up to one order of magnitude and relative energies of different protein conformers can be predicted accurately.
Prevalence of drug use before and during imprisonment in seven European countries (2014–2018)
Authors: Montanari Linda , Royuela Luis , Mazzilli Sara , Vandam Liesbeth , Alvarez Elena , Llorens Noelia , Carapinha Ludmila , Grohmannova Katerina , Isajeva Laura , Ignataviciute Lina , Kvaternik Ines , Sierosławski Janusz , Malczewski Artur , Plettinckx Els , Sendino Rosario , Torres Analia , Yasemi Ioanna , Tavoschi Lara , Mravcik Viktor 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSubstance use is a global phenomenon that is particularly affecting the prison population. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of drug use among people in prison before and during incarceration in seven European countries and to compare it with the prevalence in the general population. Individual data collection was carried out between 2014 and 2018 with a model European Questionnaire on Drug Use among people in prison. A total of 12,918 people living in prison filled in the survey. People in prison report higher level of drug use when compared with the general population and the use of drug inside prison exist, although at lower levels when compared with predetention. Prisons can represent a point of access to engage individuals who use drugs in interventions that address drug use and risk factors related to both drug use and imprisonment.
Postgraduate education to expand access to dental care: A roadmap to community dental program development
Authors: Page Cristen P. , Koday Mark , Zamierowski Alyssa M. , Weidner Amanda , Hawes Emily M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEvidence indicates an increasing shortage of dentists in communities across the United States with potentially significant implications for oral health, as well as overall health and well‐being. One strategy to increase access to dental care in rural and underserved communities is community‐based postgraduate dental training. However, developing new dental programs requires navigating complex accreditation, financial and community governance, among other, barriers. The Roadmap for Teaching Health Center Dental Program Development presents a framework that guides institutions through the successive steps of developing new postgraduate training programs from identification of need to ultimate maintenance and sustainability. The tool assists programs in anticipating and understanding requirements, reducing time, expense, and uncertainty. While the framework was developed for community‐based programs, the steps are applicable to postgraduate programs sponsored by academic institutions as well.
Soil carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes in permanent upslope pasture and downslope riparian buffers with varying vegetation
Authors: Dlamini Jerry Celumusa , Tesfamariam Eyob Habte , Dunn Robert , Evans J. , Hawkins Jane , Blackwell Martin , Collins Adrian , Cardenas Laura 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundRiparian buffers are primarily implemented for their water quality functions in agroecosystems. Their location in the agricultural landscape allows them to intercept and process pollutants from immediately adjacent agricultural land. Vegetated riparian buffers recycle soil organic matter, which elevates soil carbon (C), which upon processing, processes and releases carbon dioxide (CO2). The elevated soil C and seasonally anoxic environments associated with riparian buffers promote denitrification and fermentation, further increasing soil CO2 production.AimAgainst this context, a replicated plot‐scale experiment was established at North Wyke, UK, to measure the extent of soil CO2 emissions in permanent pasture served by grass, willow, and woodland riparian buffers, as well as a no‐buffer control.MethodsSoil CO2 was measured using the static chamber technique in conjunction with soil and environmental variables between June 2018 and February 2019.ResultsCumulative soil CO2 fluxes were in the descending order: woodland riparian buffer; 11,927.8 ± 1987.9 kg CO2 ha–1 > no‐buffer control; 11,101.3 ± 3700.4 kg CO2 ha–1 > grass riparian buffer; 10,826.4 ± 2551.8 kg CO2 ha–1 > upslope pasture; 10,554.6 ± 879.5 kg CO2 ha–1 > willow riparian buffer; 9294.9 ± 1549.2 5 kg CO2 ha–1. There was, however, no evidence of significant differences among all treatments of the current study.ConclusionsDespite the lack of significant differences, the results from our short‐term study show that the woodland riparian buffer had relatively larger soil CO2 emissions than the remainder of the other riparian buffers and the upslope pasture it serves. Our short‐term findings may be useful in developing soil CO2 mitigation strategies through careful selection of riparian buffer vegetation and may be useful in calibrating mechanistic models for simulating such emissions from similar agro systems.
Effects of da Vinci robot versus thoracoscopic surgery on body trauma and lymphocyte subsets in lung cancer patients: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Hong Ziqiang , Cui Baiqiang , Sheng Yannan , Lu Yingjie , Bai Xiangdou , Wu Xusheng , Cheng Tao , Jin Dacheng , Gou Yunjiu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the impact of da Vinci robot versus thoracoscopic surgery on body trauma and lymphocyte subsets in lung cancer patients.MethodsRetrospective analysis of 352 patients with lung cancer treated by minimally invasive surgery completed by the same operator in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital from October 2019 to October 2022. According to the surgical procedure, the patients were divided into a robotic‐assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) group (n = 159) and a video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery group (VATS) (n = 193), respectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed in both groups, and perioperative indicators were recorded. Levels of inflammatory markers (C‐reactive protein, CRP; interleukin‐6, IL‐6) and lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+) were measured 1 day before surgery and 1, 3, and 5 days after surgery, respectively. To compare the effects of the two surgical procedures on the trauma and lymphocyte subsets of the patient's organism.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐eight patients in each group after PSM. Compared with the VATS group, the RATS group had shorter operative time (p < 0.001), less intraoperative bleeding (p < 0.001), less postoperative chest drainage (p = 0.029), shorter postoperative chest drainage time (p = 0.008), and shorter postoperative hospital stay (p = 0.005). The levels of CRP and IL‐6 increased in both groups after surgery compared with those before surgery, and the increase was less in the RATS group than that in the VATS group. Postoperative T‐lymphocyte levels were lower in both groups compared with preoperative levels, and T‐lymphocyte levels were significantly lower in the VATS group compared with the RATS group.ConclusionCompared with VATS for treating lung cancer, RATS has advantages in short‐term efficacy, and smaller surgical trauma to patients, which can reduce the body's inflammatory response. It also has less impact on T lymphocyte subpopulations, which can better protect patients’ immune function.
Copula‐based importance sampling method for efficient slope reliability analysis
Authors: Zhou Xinlong , Xiao Henglin , Jiang Dongzhu , Yang Jinhui , Tian Mi , Yue Xiao‐Guang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEfficient slope reliability analysis that accounts for the interdependencies of random variables is challenging. In this study, an efficient reliability method is proposed based on importance sampling (IS) and copulas. First, the IS method based on the design point is introduced to construct the marginal IS density. Copulas are subsequently adopted to capture the interdependencies and establish both the initial joint distributions and the joint IS densities of random variable pairs. The IS algorithm is modified to consider the dependencies through not only the estimation of the probability distribution but also random sampling. Finally, a framework of the copula‐based IS method is constructed. The applicability, accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of the proposed method were validated by a classical slope case. The results showed that with the proposed method, slope reliability could be efficiently assessed with a relatively high accuracy. The dependencies of the variables significantly affected the IS and final slope reliability, whereas the IS density had a significantly lower effect. The proposed method combines the advantages of IS and copulas well. Interdependencies of the variables can be properly characterized during sampling. Moreover, the proposed method was shown to be robust regardless of the system failure probability level. It can be further applied to improve the random finite element method in the future.
Developing a conceptual model for understanding nutritional problems and their negative impacts on quality of life among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: A qualitative study
Authors: Wang Yun , Yuan Xiangping , Gu Xianju , Meng Changxiu , Zheng Yanling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThe purpose of this study was to obtain an in‐depth understanding of nutritional problems and concerns among patients with type 2 diabetes and explored the negative impacts of those nutrition issues on health outcomes.DesignA qualitative research method was used.MethodsTwenty‐one adult patients with type 2 diabetes participated in a semi structured interview. Recordings were transcribed verbatim, and content analysis was used to identify themes.ResultsFour themes emerged from the analysis to represent nutritional problems and negative impacts: nutrition literacy, sociocultural aspects of nutrition, nutrition behaviours, and negative health outcomes.Public ContributionsThe study promoted further understanding of nutrition issues and negative impacts among Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. Personal, social, cultural and religious factors should all be taken into consideration when promoting nutrition care.
The effects of nurse‐led family pulmonary rehabilitation intervention on quality of life and exercise capacity in rural patients with COPD
Authors: Zhang Meifang , Mao Xiaoli , Li Fangli , Xianyu Yunyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTo assess the effects of nurse‐led family pulmonary rehabilitation intervention on quality of life and exercise capacity in rural patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).DesignA non‐randomized clinical trial.MethodsThis study enrolled COPD patients at two hospitals from January 2019 to January 2020. The primary outcome was the quality of life. The secondary outcome was exercise capacity.ResultsSeventy‐four rural COPD patients were enrolled, 38 in the comprehensive nursing group and 36 in the routine nursing group. After the intervention, the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) scores in the comprehensive nursing group were significantly lower than in the routine nursing group, especially in symptoms, activities and total scores. The SGRQ scores of the comprehensive nursing group were significantly lower than baseline, while the SGRQ scores of the routine nursing group were significantly higher than baseline. After the intervention, there was a significant difference in six‐minute walking distance(6MWD) between the two groups.