bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POSITIVE EMOTIONAL CONNECTION AND CAREGIVER WELL-BEING IN BEHAVIORAL-VARIANT FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA
Authors: Chen Kuan-Hua , Yee Claire , Brown Casey , Sapozhnikova Anna , Pressman Peter , Merrilees Jennifer , Fredrickson Barbara , Levenson Robert 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is characterized by impairment in socioemotional functioning. Spouses caring for individuals with bvFTD often experience profound health/well-being declines, compared to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) caregivers and non-caregiving older adults. We hypothesized that disrupted positive emotional connections between spousal caregivers and individuals with bvFTD contribute to caregivers’ lower emotional well-being. 23 bvFTD-caregiver, 23 AD-caregiver, and 17 control dyads had a 10-minute conflict conversation in the laboratory. Positive emotional connections were measured as the covariation of partners’ positive emotional behaviors during the conversation. Caregiver emotional well-being was assessed via questionnaire (SF-36). We found that bvFTD caregivers had lower emotional well-being than AD caregivers and controls (who did not differ from each other, t=.80, p=.43), c=-.70, p&lt;.01. Importantly, this effect was fully mediated by bvFTD caregivers' lower positive emotional connections, c’=-.38, n.s. We speculate that lower positive emotional connections can cause social isolation and contribute to bvFTD caregivers’ health/well-being declines.
FLIPPING STIGMA ON ITS EAR: A TOOLKIT FROM PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH
Authors: Sakamoto Mariko , Mann Jim , O'Connor Deborah , Phinney Alison 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
People living with dementia face persistent stigma, discrimination and social exclusion, with significant emotional, physical and social consequences. Addressing this requires changing attitudes and fostering actions for communities to include people with dementia as citizens with agency and self-determination. This presentation highlights the work of an Action Group (AG) of people living with dementia. As part of a four-year Participatory Action Research study aimed at addressing the stigma, discrimination and social exclusion that is so common to the dementia experience, members of the AG in partnership with the research team developed the Flipping Stigma on its Ear Toolkit. Focus will be on the action-oriented nature of this research project, an overview of the toolkit, and exploration of the communal space that was created by AG members in the process of working together, learning from one another, and making a collective contribution towards addressing stigma, discrimination and social exclusion.
THE ELDER MISTREATMENT EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT TOOLKIT: ADDRESSING ELDER MISTREATMENT DURING COVID-19 AND BEYOND
Authors: Stoeckle Rebecca , Haggerty Kristin Lees , Fulmer Terry 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Elder Mistreatment (EM) is a prevalent problem that too often goes undetected. Hospital emergency departments (ED) offer a unique opportunity to screen for elder mistreatment and connect patients at risk with needed services but most do not have training and protocols in place to help staff screen for and respond to EM. In 2020, the National Collaboratory to Address Elder Mistreatment partnered with five hospitals to test the feasibility of implementing a streamlined set of tools and training known as the Elder Mistreatment Emergency Department Toolkit, and conducted two qualitative studies to better understand related barriers and facilitators to addressing EM. The presentations in this symposium share results from case studies at two feasibility test sites: Heywood Hospital, a small community hospital in central Massachusetts, and Lyndon B. Johnson Hospital, the busiest Level III Trauma Center in Texas, each presented by the respective site’s local clinical champion. Following presentations by the clinical champions, National Collaboratory expert core faculty will report results from two related qualitative studies. The first explores barriers and facilitators to communication between EDs and Adult Protective Services (APS) and the second explores older adult survivors’ own perspectives on the screening and response tools used in the feasibility study. The results of these studies highlight the need for streamlined and easy-to-use tools for identifying and responding to EM in busy EDs, the need for a personalized and trauma-informed approach to screening, and the importance of a personalized approach to connecting the ED and APS.
ADULT MALTREATMENT OUTCOMES OF A TARGETED CASE MANAGEMENT INTERVENTION FOR SELF-NEGLECT
Authors: Reynolds Courtney , Ejaz Farida , Rose Miriam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A longitudinal study to prevent self-neglect among at-risk, older (age 60+) or disabled (age 18+) healthcare patients was conducted collaboratively by a gerontological research institute, a health care system, and Texas Adult Protective Services (APS). Selected patients (n = 285) from 19 primary care clinics received targeted case management services for four months by a trained social worker. Their median age was 70, 72% were Hispanic/Latino, 79% had a high school education or less, and 73% had monthly income less than $1,361. A screening tool was used to identify adult maltreatment during baseline and posttest interviews. Consistent with national prevalence rates, 86% of participants at baseline, and 90% at posttest, reported they had not recently experienced abuse. In this sample, we found a significant decrease in mean scores on the screening tool from baseline (M = 0.24, SD = 0.63) to posttest (M = 0.14, SD = 0.48); t(241), p &lt; 0.05. Six of the seven participants reported by project social workers to APS had at least one allegation of self-neglect. APS administrative data were also examined and included another 10 study participants reported to APS during the study. In total, 21 reports were made, with 26 allegations of maltreatment, of which 35% were validated, all for self-neglect; 70% of self-neglect allegations reported by project social workers were validated. Results suggest that targeted case management services could reduce the incidence of self-neglect. Similar targeted interventions may help to identify, report, and address other forms of adult maltreatment.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN MEDIA CONSUMPTION AND AGEIST ATTITUDES: A CROSS-NATIONAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Zhao Erfei , Crimmins Eileen , Zelinski Elizabeth , Choi Eunyoung 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The mass media has been thought to be associated with public opinion, often creating and sustaining stereotypes. However, little is known about the role of media exposure in people’s ageist attitudes, particularly at a cross-national level. This study examines whether the daily use of different media types is associated with personal attitudes towards older people. We analyzed data from 59,103 adults across 54 countries, using the World Value Survey wave 6 (2010-2014). Personal ageist attitudes were assessed by whether participants agree that older people are a burden on society. We used logistic regression, controlling for individual- and country-level factors. Our findings suggest that people’s exposure to media is significantly associated with their attitudes towards older adults, but differently by the platform and respondents’ age. Those who used newspaper (OR:1.66, CI:1.38-1.98), magazines (OR:1.67, CI:1.27-2.20), and radio (OR:1.42, CI:1.23-1.65) were more likely to have negative attitudes toward older people, whereas those who used TV (OR:0.62, CI:0.53-0.72) and internet (OR:0.76, CI:0.65-0.89) were less likely to. Further, the effects of newspaper and radio consumption on people’s attitudes were moderated by respondents’ age. Younger adults’ ageist attitudes had a stronger negative relationship with these media types compared to those that are older. For the older age group, in contrast, more consumption of newspapers and radio are associated with less ageist attitudes. Future studies may focus on the content of each platform and assess their effect on people’s ageist attitudes by age groups in order to understand how to foster a more age-friendly media environment.
DO BELIEFS THAT OLDER ADULTS ARE INFLEXIBLE SERVE AS A BARRIER TO RACIAL EQUITY?
Authors: Chaney Kimberly , Chasteen Alison 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Past research has demonstrated that older adults are stereotyped as less malleable than younger adults, such that older adults are perceived to be less capable of changing their beliefs and learning new things. Moreover, beliefs that people are less malleable are associated with lower confrontations of prejudice, as perpetrators are seen as less capable of changing their (prejudiced) behavior. The aim of the present research was to integrate these lines of research to demonstrate that endorsement of ageist beliefs that older adults are less malleable will lead to lower confrontation of anti-Black prejudice espoused by older adults. Across four experimental studies (N = 1,310), people were less likely to confront anti-Black prejudice espoused by an 82 year-old compared to a 62, 42, or 20 year-old, due, in part, to beliefs that older adults are less malleable. Further exploration demonstrated that malleability beliefs about older adults were held across young, middle-aged, and older adult samples, though older participants were the least likely to confront prejudice, regardless of perpetrator age. Alternative mechanisms are explored, including respect, perceived social influence, and perceived awareness of egalitarian norms. These findings demonstrate how stereotypes about older adults can impede racial equality and highlight that interventions geared towards reducing ageism could, in turn, lead to greater racial equality.
THE ROLE OF PPARδ-DRIVEN β-OXIDATION IN BONE HEALTH DURING AGING
Authors: Prideaux Matt , O'Connell Tom , Kitase Yukiko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders are a significant complication of aging, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. However, current understanding of the mechanisms by which aging affects skeletal health is limited. Osteocytes are the most numerous and long-lived bone cells and play key roles in maintaining bone mass by responding to anabolic signals such as mechanical loading. Energy metabolism is dysregulated in many cells with aging, however regulation of energy metabolism in osteocytes and how this is affected during aging and by mechanical loading remains undefined. To investigate this, we first used IDG-SW3 osteocyte cells to determine the effects of mechanical loading on osteocytes in vitro by applying fluid flow shear stress (FFSS). FFSS increased Pparδ and Cpt1 expression, key promoters of fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO). Pharmacological antagonism of PPARδ or CPT1 resulted in dysregulated expression of key bone remodeling genes and impaired ATP release in response to FFSS. In vivo, mechanical loading significantly increased FAO in tibia cortical bone. However, FAO was impaired in the bones from aged mice. To further elucidate the role of osteocyte FAO, we deleted PPARδ specifically in osteocytes (PPARδ cKO), which resulted in decreased FAO and bone volume in female PPARδ cKO mice. Lastly, treatment of aging mice with the PPARδ activator GW0742 resulted in significantly increased bone mineral content, density and trabecular bone volume. These findings suggest important functions of osteocyte energy metabolism during aging and with mechanical loading on bone and identify PPARδ-driven FAO as a novel therapeutic target for improving skeletal health with aging.
NUTRITION, INFLAMMATION, AND PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH IN AGING ADULTS WITH CHRONIC WOUNDS
Authors: Hwang Yeji , Hathaway Zachary , Stoll Isabella , Hufnal Shelby , Lewin Peter , DiMaria-Ghalili Rose Ann 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nutritional status can impact the healing of chronic leg wounds (CLW). This secondary data analysis examined characteristics associated with nutritional status among aging adults (N=62, M= 57.5, SD 12.1 years of age) living with a CLW who were enrolled in a randomized control trial to test a novel ultrasound intervention on wound healing. Nutritional status (Mini-Nutrition Assessment, [MNA]), physical and mental health (36-Item Short-Form Health Status Survey), and inflammation (high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein [CRP]) were measured at baseline. Majority of the participants were male (54.8%), non-Hispanic Black (67.7%) and either malnourished or at risk of malnutrition (64.5%). Compared to individuals with normal nutrition, individuals with malnutrition or risk for malnutrition had on average poorer physical health (38.7 vs 33.4, p &lt;0.01), mental health (52.4 vs 45.8, p=0.03) and greater inflammation (CRP=13.4 vs 24.0, p=0.05). Tailored interventions targeting nutritional status, inflammation, physical and mental health are needed in aging adults with CLW.
RACIAL AND ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN THE LIFE COURSE INFLUENCES OF SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS ON ADULT SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION
Authors: Kelly Amber , Morton Patricia , Eid Fatima , Ferraro Kenneth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Two fundamental causes of health disparities in the U.S. are race and socioeconomic status (SES). Although these disparities emerge early in the life course, there is limited research on how race/ethnicity intersects with SES over the life course to influence later-life systemic inflammation—a key pathogenic process of health for older adults. Moreover, life course studies on systemic inflammation often focus on Black/White differences. Analyzing a sample of Black, White, and Hispanic Americans, this study examined the intersecting influences of childhood SES, race/ethnicity, and adult education on three time points of later-life inflammation levels (measured using C-reactive protein [CRP]). Longitudinal mixed-effects models were estimated using a sample of U.S. men (n=4,137) and women (n=6,187) over age 50 from the Health and Retirement Study during a decade of observation (2006-2016). Black men who experienced low childhood SES had higher levels of CRP than White men with low childhood SES; education did not moderate these associations. Education had a stronger protective effect against systemic inflammation for Hispanic men who experienced childhood socioeconomic disadvantage compared to their White counterparts. For women, the protective effect of education on systemic inflammation was stronger for White women compared to Black and Hispanic women. There were no significant childhood SES interactions for women. Findings indicate that the effects of SES on later-life systemic inflammation are contingent upon race/ethnicity, suggesting that intersectionality operates over the life course to produce health disparities in later-life. However, adult education acts as a leveler of life course inequality for Hispanic men.
A PROFILE OF POST-ACUTE CAREGIVING
Authors: Ankuda Claire , Kelley Amy , Rajagopalan Subashini 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Post-acute care is increasingly shifting from institutional settings into the home, but the impact on family caregivers is unknown. Using NHATS, we identified a cohort of 2,124 older adults enrolled in fee-for-service Medicare with a survey interview conducted within 90 days of discharge from discharge. We first examined the hospitalization characteristics associated with both receipt of family and friend assistance in the 90 days post-discharge and average hours of assistance per week. We then used linked NSOC data to a subgroup of 365 individuals to compare the caregiver reports for caregivers of older adults in the post-acute period vs. not. We found that both the receipt of post-acute family/friend assistance and hours of assistance varied by hospitalization length of stay and discharge services. We also found that post-acute caregivers differed from non-post-acute caregivers in their caregiving tasks and difficulties related to providing care.
UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE FOR OLDER ADULT ENGAGEMENT ACROSS GEOGRAPHIC CONTEXTS
Authors: Latham-Mintus Kenzie , Montgomery Lucas , Wilson Jeffrey 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Using semi-structured interviews of older adults, living alone or with a partner in the community, this research explores themes related to aging in place, social infrastructure, and community engagement across geographic contexts in Indiana. In particular, we are interested in understanding how older adults experience and use the existing social infrastructure in their communities and how these experiences vary across the rural-suburban-urban continuum. Additionally, we examine how social interactions supported by social infrastructure influence the maintenance of social relationships including weak social ties. Because COVID-19 has significantly changed patterns of community engagement among older adults, respondents were asked to discuss their behavior pre- and post-COVID-19. Applying a thematic analysis approach to the data, we explore the interconnections among social infrastructure, community engagement, social relationships, and geographic settings with an emphasis on older adults’ experiences and perceptions.
RESEARCH AT THE INTERSECTION OF TECHNOLOGY AND AGING
Authors: McDaniel Jodi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
New and emerging technologies offer opportunities for the delivery of wide-ranging, adaptable interventions to improve quality of life of older adults. Novel technologies can also improve the quality of measurement methods used in aging research. In this symposium five presentations will describe advanced technologies to promote health and function in older adults. The first will discuss the Urban Aging Residents Coalition (UARC), an organization founded in partnership with an African American older adult community leader to address engaging urban older adults with technology. A primary goal of UARC is to prevent social isolation and promote mental wellness through education and computer literacy. The second presentation will describe a project testing socially assistive robots (SARs) to complement personnel resources in older adults with cognitive impairment in long term care facilities. Study participants were successfully engaged in a participatory design involving repeated sessions with SARs that resulted in prototype refinement. The third presentation will describe current applications of patient communication technologies in acute-critical care settings with a focus on the user experience among older adult patients. The fourth will report on the implementation of an ongoing, in-home Smarthealth technology intervention for two older adult family caregivers of persons with dementia. Study findings showed the intervention improved self-awareness of emotional care and reactions to care recipients. The final presentation will explain an advanced wound measurement system using artificial intelligence to track healing progress in clinical research. The presentations will highlight technologies to support healthy aging and discuss implication for practice, policy, and research.
PROTEOSTASIS: NOVEL INSIGHTS AND TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Cortes Constanza 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Skeletal muscle has recently arisen as a novel regulators of Central Nervous System (CNS) function and aging, secreting bioactive molecules known as myokines with proteostasis and metabolism-modifying functions in targeted tissues, including the CNS. Myokine secretion is heavily modified by exercise, suggesting that myokine signaling in the periphery may underlie the well document geroprotective benefits of exercise on the brain. The following studies address muscle proteostasis, a pathway highly activated during exercise, as a potential new regulator of the neurocognitive benefits of exercise. We have recently generated a novel transgenic mouse with enhanced muscle proteostasis via moderate overexpression of Transcription Factor E-B (TFEB), a powerful master regulator of cellular clearance and proteostasis. We have discovered that the resulting enhanced skeletal muscle proteostasis function can significantly ameliorate proteotoxicity and reduce neuroinflammation in the aging CNS. We derived cTFEB;HSA-Cre transgenic mice in the P301S MAPT background and we detected a significant reduction in hyperphosphorylated tau[AT8 phospho-tau antibody] in whole hippocampal lysates and in the dentate gyrus of cTFEB;HSACre;P301S mice compared to their single transgenic P301S littermate controls. Nanostring nCounter®AD panel analysis reveals displayed reductions in microglia activation modules in P301S MAPT/cTFEB:HSACre hippocampi, suggesting reduced neuroinflammation. We also determined that these CNS benefit sin P301S MAPT/cTFEB:HSACre mice were accompanied by activation of exercise-associated neurotrophic signaling and reduced markers of advancing tau-associated pathologies in the hippocampus. These provocative results suggest that enhanced skeletal muscle proteostasis modifies the accumulation of pathogenic tau isoforms and reduces neuroinflammation in the CNS of P301S MAPT mice via activation of exercise-associated signaling in the CNS.
PHOSPHORYLATION OF ULK1 AT S555 IS REQUIRED FOR METABOLIC ADAPTATIONS TO CALORIC RESTRICTION
Authors: Drake Joshua , Nichenko Anna , Wiloughby Orion , Brisendine Matt , Hays Garrett , DiGirolamo Grace , Weingrad Zach , McMillan Ryan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Unc-51 Like Autophagy Activating Kinase 1 (Ulk1) is responsible for initiating selective degradation of damaged/dysfunctional mitochondria (mitophagy) once phosphorylated at S555 in response to energetic stress. Mitophagy is integral for mitochondrial health and Ulk1 has been implicated to be important for metabolic adaptation to exercise. Caloric restriction (CR), which extends lifespan and healthspan, has profound metabolic benefits, including improved mitochondrial health. However, the contribution of Ulk1 in adaptation to CR is unknown. To decipher a functional role of Ulk1(S555) in adaptations to CR we used CRISPR-Cas9 generated, loss-of-function Ulk1(S555A) mice, in which Ulk1 cannot be phosphorylated at S555. 6-month-old, male and female homozygous Ulk1(S555A) mice and C57BL6/J (wild type, WT) mice were placed on a 40% CR diet for 8 weeks. Body mass in both male and female Ulk1(S555A) and WT mice was reduced with CR (p &lt; 0.001), however female Ulk1(S555A) were heavier than their WT counterparts (p=0.02). Via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), male and female Ulk1(S555A) mice did not lose fat mass during CR. In addition, periovarian (female) and epididymal (male) fat mass was greater in Ulk1(S555A) compared to WT mice post-CR (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, fasting blood glucose increased in male and female Ulk1(S555A) post-CR (p &lt; 0.0001), suggesting altered substrate metabolism. In support of this notion, glucose oxidation in both quadriceps muscle and liver of male mice increased in WT following CR but not in Ulk1(S555A) mice (interaction effect p&lt; 0.002). In sum, these data suggest that phosphorylation of Ulk1 at S555 is required for metabolic adaptations to CR.