bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A kinetic study of ethanol coupling with acetaldehyde to 1,3‐butadiene over Zr‐β zeolite: insight into deactivation
Authors: Zhang Minhua , Zhang Yan , Tan Yuxin , Yang Guochao , Jiang Haoxi , Wang Lingtao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDWith the improvements in bioethanol production, the process of converting ethanol to 1,3‐butadiene (ETB) has received substantial scholarly attention, whose industrialization has been constrained by the stability of the catalysts.RESULTSIn this work, the deactivation behavior of Zr‐β zeolite in the process of ethanol/acetaldehyde conversion to 1,3‐butadiene was investigated. In addition, the deactivation kinetics of ETB was studied using an isothermal differential microreactor. A kinetic model was developed and parametrized with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood mechanism, and the intrinsic kinetic equation was derived. The deactivation kinetic model of the ETB reaction was established from the active site content of the catalyst as a function of time on stream. The validity of the kinetic model was tested, and the results were found to be accurate.CONCLUSIONSCatalyst deactivation was mainly caused by coke species, which are mainly long‐chain unsaturated oxygenated organic compounds and aromatic compounds, covering Lewis acid sites in the microporous channels of the catalyst; nevertheless the zeotype topology and morphology were not destroyed. The kinetic data suggested that the reaction was of first order and the activation energy of the deactivation process was 75.59 kJ mol−1. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Effect of vitamin D supplementation on cerebral blood flow in male patients with adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Zhao Moss Y. , Dahlen Alex , Ramirez Norma Jimenez , Moseley Michael , Van Haren Keith , Zaharchuk Greg 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne‐third of boys with X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) develop inflammatory demyelinating lesions, typically at the splenium. These lesions share similarities with multiple sclerosis, including cerebral hypoperfusion and links to vitamin D insufficiency. We hypothesized that increasing vitamin D levels would increase cerebral blood flow (CBF) in ALD boys. We conducted an exploratory analysis of vitamin D supplementation and CBF using all available data from participants enrolled in a recent single‐arm interventional study of vitamin D supplementation in boys with ALD. We measured whole brain and splenium CBF using arterial spin labeling (ASL) from three study time points (baseline, 6 months, and 12 months). We used linear generalized estimating equations to evaluate CBF changes between time points and to test for an association between CBF and vitamin D. ASL data were available for 16 participants, aged 2–22 years. Mean vitamin D levels increased by 72.7% (p < .001) after 6 months and 88.6% (p < .01) after 12 months. Relative to baseline measures, mean CBF of the whole brain (6 months: +2.5%, p = .57; 12 months: +6.1%, p = .18) and splenium (6 months: +1.2%, p = .80; 12 months: +7.4%, p = .058) were not significantly changed. Vitamin D levels were positively correlated with CBF in the splenium (slope = .59, p < .001). In this exploratory analysis, we observed a correlation between vitamin D levels and splenial CBF in ALD boys. We confirm the feasibility of measuring CBF in this brain region and population, but further work is needed to establish a causal role for vitamin D in modulating CBF.
Relative efficacy of three different tendon repairs in complete flexor digitorum profundus laceration in Zone I: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Zhu Xiaozhong , Wei Haifeng , Zhu Hongyi , Zhong Wanrun , Bao Bingbo , Li Xingwei , Gao Tao , Zheng Xianyou , Mei Jiong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHand flexor tendon injuries are common and biomechanically challenging to achieve good functional outcomes. Several approaches using the Pennington‐modified Kessler repair technique have been attempted, but high‐level evidence is still lacking. Here, we evaluated the relative efficacy of three versions of the Pennington‐modified Kessler technique in repairing complete flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) laceration in Zone 1. We conducted a 2‐year, single‐center, double‐blind, randomized clinical trial involving 85 patients with 105 digits enrolled between June 1, 2017 and January 1, 2019. Eligible participants were 20–60 years of age and underwent tendon repair in the acute phase for complete FDP laceration distal to the insertion of the superficial flexor tendon. The digits were randomized 1:1:1 to three treatment groups: (1) Pennington‐modified Kessler repair; (2) Pennington‐modified Kessler repair followed by circumferential tendon suture; or (3) Pennington‐modified Kessler repair followed by circumferential epitenon suture. The primary endpoint was total active range of motion (TAROM) at 2 years after the initial surgery. The secondary endpoint was the reoperation rate. Compared with group 1, both techniques for peripheral suture were associated with a decrease in TAROM at 2 years after surgery. The total reoperation rates of the three groups were 11.4%, 18.2%, and 17.6%, and we found no significant differences among the three groups possibly due to the limited sample size. Unexpectedly, among participants with complete FDP laceration in Zone I, both circumferential‐tendon and circumferential‐epitenon sutures caused worsening of TAROM after 2 years. No conclusions can be drawn regarding reoperation rates among the groups. Level of evidence: Therapeutic level I.
Defatted hempseed meal altered the metabolic profile of fermented yogurt and enhanced the ability to alleviate constipation in rats
Authors: Xu Jiaxin , Xu Xinyue , Hua Dong , Yuan Zhiheng , Bai Miao , Song Hong , Yang Lina , Li Jifeng , Zhu Danshi , Liu He 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDHempseeds (Cannabis sativa L.) are rich in easily digestible proteins, fats, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and insoluble fiber and are of high nutritional value. Probiotics have been found to relieve constipation, which solves a health problem that constantly troubles a lot of people. Therefore, the changes in the metabolites of fermented yogurt with or without 10% defatted hempseed meal (10% SHY or 0% SHY respectively) were studied and their laxative effects were examined through animal experiments.RESULTSAmino acids and peptides, terpene glycosides, carbohydrates, lineolic acids, and fatty acids were found to be the major contributors to the discrimination of the metabolic profile between 0% SHY and 10% SHY. The differentially accumulated metabolites may lead to the discrepancy in the yogurt's functionality. Animal experiments showed that the 10% SHY treatment prevented constipation by increasing feces number, fecal water content, and small intestinal transit rate and reducing inflammatory injury in loperamide‐induced constipated rats. Further analysis of the gut microbiota revealed that 10% SHY gavage increased the relative abundances of the Lactobacillus, Allobaculum, Turicibacter, Oscillibacter, Ruminococcus, and Phascolarctobacterium genera in the constipated rats, whereas Akkermansia, Clostridium_XIVa, Bacteroides, Staphylococcus, and Clostridium_IV were decreased. The combination of defatted hempseed meal and probiotics was found to be effective in relieving constipation, probably due to the enriched amino acids and peptides, such as Thr‐Leu and lysinoalanine through correlation analysis.CONCLUSIONOur findings indicated that defatted hempseed meal in yogurt altered the metabolic profile and effectively alleviated constipation in rats, which is a promising therapeutic candidate for constipation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The effect of knowledge conversion on innovation and performance: A multi‐layered moderated‐mediation model
Authors: Travis Miranda Lakshmi , Aruldoss Alex , Kowalski Kellyann Berube , Parayitam Satyanarayana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis research aims to investigate how knowledge sharing and innovation are linked to affect performance. A multi‐layered moderated‐mediation model is developed to explore the effect of interactions between four types of innovations (product, process, marketing, and organizational) on the relationship between knowledge conversion and performance. After checking the measurement properties of the survey instrument using the LISREL package of structural equation modeling (SEM), data collected from 312 employees from the southern part of India were analyzed using Hayes's PROCESS macros. The results indicate that (i) knowledge conversion is positively associated with (a) performance and (b) organizational innovation; (ii) organizational innovation is positively associated with performance; and (iii) organizational structure mediates the relationship between knowledge conversion and performance. The findings also indicate that process innovation (second moderator) positively moderates the relationship between knowledge conversion and product innovation (first moderator) in influencing organizational innovation. The study also found that marketing innovation moderates the relationship between organizational innovation and performance. Thus, the study underscores the importance of knowledge conversion and all four types of innovation in enhancing performance. The managerial implications are discussed.
Near‐bed stratification controls bottom hypoxia in ice‐covered alpine lakes
Authors: Perga Marie‐Elodie , Minaudo Camille , Doda Tomy , Arthaud Florent , Beria Harsh , Chmiel Hannah E. , Escoffier Nicolas , Lambert Thibault , Napolleoni Raphaelle , Obrador Biel , Perolo Pascal , Rüegg Janine , Ulloa Hugo , Bouffard Damien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn ice‐covered lakes, near‐bottom oxygen concentration decreases for most of the wintertime, sometimes down to the point that bottom waters become hypoxic. Studies insofar have reached divergent conclusions on whether climate change limits or reinforces the extent and duration of hypoxia under ice, raising the need for a comprehensive understanding of the drivers of the dissolved oxygen (DO) dynamics under lake ice. Using high‐temporal resolution time series of DO concentration and temperature across 14 mountain lakes, we showed that the duration of bottom hypoxia under ice varies from 0 to 236 d within lakes and among years. The variability of hypoxia duration was primarily explained by changes in the decay rate of DO above the lake bottom rather than by differences in DO concentration at the ice onset or in the ice‐cover duration. We observed that the DO decay rate was primarily linked to physical controls (i.e., deep‐water warming) rather than biogeochemical drivers (i.e., proxies for lake or catchment productivity). Using a simple numerical model, we provided a proof‐of‐concept that the near‐bed stratification can be the mechanism tying the DO decay rate to the sediment heat release under the ice. We ultimately showed that the DO decay rate and hypoxia duration are driven by the summer light climate, with faster oxygen decline found under the ice of clearer cryostratified alpine lakes. We derived a framework theorizing how the hypoxia duration might change under the ice of alpine lakes in a warmer climate.
Large Cation Engineering in Organic Antimony Halides for Low‐Loss Active Waveguide
Authors: Deng Yongjing , Liang Xin , Li Feiyang , Wang Mengzhu , Zhou Zijian , Zhao Jianwei , Wang Feng , Liu Shujuan , Zhao Qiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractActive waveguides have attracted growing attention as a basic component of miniaturized and integrated photonic devices. However, most optical waveguide materials suffer from severe self‐absorption, which greatly increases the optical loss. Therefore, developing highly efficient red‐emitting materials with large Stokes shift and negligible self‐absorption is of great interest. Herein, this work proposes a strategy to achieve both large Stokes shifts and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in organic metal halide via large cation engineering. Two zero‐dimensional antimony(III) chlorides, (TMA)2SbCl5 and (TMAA)2SbCl5, are designed and synthesized by screening the ligands with different cationic volumes. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the large cation can promote the self‐trapped excitons emission and improve stability. Benefiting from the large Stokes shift (291 nm) and high PLQY (98.3%), the as‐prepared (TMAA)2SbCl5 microplate exhibits efficient active waveguide with low loss coefficient of 6.07 × 10−3 dB µm−1. This work not only develops a novel active waveguide material, but also provides insights into the role of organic cation, which will provide new inspiration for the exploitation of excellent luminescent metal halides and photonic devices.
Metabolic reprogramming in cancer: Mechanisms and therapeutics
Authors: Nong Shiqi , Han Xiaoyue , Xiang Yu , Qian Yuran , Wei Yuhao , Zhang Tingyue , Tian Keyue , Shen Kai , Yang Jing , Ma Xuelei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCancer cells characterized by uncontrolled growth and proliferation require altered metabolic processes to maintain this characteristic. Metabolic reprogramming is a process mediated by various factors, including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, changes in growth factors, and tumor–host cell interactions, which help to meet the needs of cancer cell anabolism and promote tumor development. Metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells is dynamically variable, depending on the tumor type and microenvironment, and reprogramming involves multiple metabolic pathways. These metabolic pathways have complex mechanisms and involve the coordination of various signaling molecules, proteins, and enzymes, which increases the resistance of tumor cells to traditional antitumor therapies. With the development of cancer therapies, metabolic reprogramming has been recognized as a new therapeutic target for metabolic changes in tumor cells. Therefore, understanding how multiple metabolic pathways in cancer cells change can provide a reference for the development of new therapies for tumor treatment. Here, we systemically reviewed the metabolic changes and their alteration factors, together with the current tumor regulation treatments and other possible treatments that are still under investigation. Continuous efforts are needed to further explore the mechanism of cancer metabolism reprogramming and corresponding metabolic treatments.
A wideband and low‐profile omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna
Authors: Xu Chen‐Chen , Duan Zhu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article presents a wideband and low‐profile omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna. It consists of a circular slotted top patch connected with a circular ground plane by four shorting vias and eight extended curved branches. These curved branches are introduced around both the patch and the ground plane with proper angle separation, achieving a 90‐degree phase difference between the vertical and horizontal radiating parts. In this way, the wideband circularly polarized characteristic is realized. The final optimized structure is very compact, with a dimension of only 322 × π × 6 mm3(0.372 × π × 0.07 = 0.03 λ03). Besides, the measured results agree well with the simulated ones, with a simulated/measured impedance bandwidth of 28.4/32.2% and an axial ratio bandwidth of 46.7/42.3% being obtained. And the maximum realized gain is 1.1 dBic, with a gain variation of less than 1.0 dB.
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) of flammable organic chemicals in radioactive high‐level supernatant waste at the Savannah River Site (SRS)
Authors: Fondeur Fernando , White Thomas L. , Coleman Charles J. , Diprete David P. , Nash Charles A. , Looney Brian B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Savannah River Site stores approximately 36 million gallons of radioactive and hazardous waste that contains approximately 245 million curies. The waste is sent through various chemical processes to reduce its volume and to separate various components. The facility plans to replace formic acid (a chemical used to reduce soluble mercury) with glycolic acid. Recycle solution with glycolate may flow back to the tank farm, where the glycolate can generate hydrogen gas by thermal and radiolytic mechanisms. The current analytical method for detecting glycolate (ion chromatography) in supernatant requires a large dilution to reduce interference from the nitrate anions. Hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance is an analytical method that requires less sample dilution. It takes advantage of the CH2 group in glycolate. Liquid samples were spiked with four different levels of glycolate to build a calibration line, as it is recommended in the standard addition method. The detection and quantitation limits determined were 1 and 5 ppm, respectively, for 32 scans, which is well below the process limit of 10 ppm. In one test, 800 scans of a supernatant spiked with 1 ppm glycolate resulted in a ‐CH2 peak with a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 36.
Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Mercaptoindoles via HI‐Promoted Sulfenylation of Indoles with Sodium Sulfinates
Authors: Sun Shengnan , Ye Hexia , Liu Haibo , Guo Yongbiao , Gao Zhenhua , Pan Li , Li Junchen , Bi Xiaojing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new direct sulfenylation method of indoles by sodium sulfinates and hydroiodic acid was developed giving variety of 3‐sulfenylindoles in high yields under mild conditions without using any catalysts or other additives. In situ‐generated RS‐I species are supposed to be mainly responsible for the key electrophilic alkyl‐ or aryl‐thiolation process.
The prognostic value of IKZF1plus in B‐cell progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results from the EORTC 58951 trial
Authors: Kicinski Michal , Arfeuille Chloé , Grardel Nathalie , Bakkus Marleen , Caye‐Eude Aurélie , Plat Geneviève , Ferster Alina , Uyttebroeck Anne , De Moerloose Barbara , Rohrlich Pierre , Suciu Stefan , Bertrand Yves , Cavé Hélène 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIKZF1 gene deletion is an indicator of poor prognosis in childhood B‐cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP‐ALL). The AEIOP/BFM group proposed that the prognostic strength of IKZF1 deletion could be remarkably improved by taking into account additional genetic deletions and reported that among patients with an IKZF1 deletion those with deletions in CDKN2A/2B, PAX5, or PAR1 in the absence of ERG deletion, grouped as IKZF1plus, had the worst outcome.ProcedureBetween 1998 and 2008, 1636 patients under 18 years of age with previously untreated BCP‐ALL were registered in the EORTC 58951 trial. Those with multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification data were included in this analysis. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox model was used to investigate the additional prognostic value of IKZF1plus.ResultsAmong 1200 patients included in the analysis, 1039 (87%) had no IKZF1 deletion (IKZF1WT), 87 (7%) had an IKZF1 deletion but not IKZF1plus (IKZF1del) and 74 (6%) had IKZF1plus. In the unadjusted analysis, both patients with IKZF1del (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34–3.31) and IKZF1plus (HR = 3.07, 95% CI: 2.01–4.67) had a shorter event‐free survival compared with IKZF1WT. However, although the IKZF1plus status was associated with patients’ characteristics indicating poor prognosis, the difference between IKZF1plus and IKZF1del was not statistically significant (HR = 1.46, 95% CI: 0.83–2.57, p = .19). The results of the adjusted analysis were similar to the unadjusted analysis.ConclusionsIn patients with BCP‐ALL from the EORTC 58951 trial, the improvement of the prognostic importance of IKZF1 by considering IKZF1plus was not statistically significant.
Influence of injection molding parameters, melt flow rate, and reinforcing material on the weld‐line characteristics of polypropylene
Authors: Purgleitner Bianca , Viljoen David , Kühnert Ines , Burgstaller Christoph 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, the relation of injection molding parameters to the mechanical properties of various polypropylene grades is investigated to find the optimal processing parameters to minimize weld‐line effects like reduced mechanical and/or optical performance. Injection molded test specimens of five polypropylene grades with different melt flow rates were characterized for their mechanical behavior and compared with equal‐shaped specimens with a colliding weld line in the middle of the specimen. For the production of these weld‐line specimens, a special mold was used and injection molding parameters were systematically varied, tensile (ISO 527‐2) and impact (ISO 179‐1/1eU) properties were measured, and statistical analyses were performed to gain insight on the correlation between melt flow rate and weld‐line behavior. It showed that mechanical properties of specimens with weld lines can be influenced by the processing parameters, but the effect is limited. Positive correlations were found between tool temperature and tensile modulus and strength. Polypropylene grades with low melt flow indexes seem to be more susceptible to weld‐line‐induced property reductions. In a second test series similar to the pure PP investigations, glass‐fiber‐ and talc‐filled PP were used to gain insight into the weld‐line behavior of PP composites. In addition to mechanical characterization, optical and scanning electron micrographs were taken of the weld‐line areas. It was found that the reinforcing particles align along the melt flow front in the weld‐line area. As a result, the mechanical performance of weld‐line specimens is poor. Injection molding parameters were found to have only a small effect.
Using environmental factors to predict Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. (Acari: Ixodidae) mortality
Authors: Tian Yuexun , Lord Cynthia C. , Taylor Caitlin E. , Kaufman Phillip E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundRhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. (Latreille, 1806) can establish indoor populations, which increases the risk of pathogen transmission to humans and companion dogs. Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. ticks spend most of their life cycle off the host, which subjects developmental timescale to abiotic factors. Previous studies showed that both temperature and relative humidity (RH) influenced Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. survival time across all life stages. However, quantified relationships between environmental factors and Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. mortality is not currently available. Here, three Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. strains were evaluated for mortality under 20 combinations of five temperatures and four RHs. The data obtained were analyzed to quantify the relationship between environmental factors and Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. survival.ResultsMortality probabilities did not show a consistent pattern between the three tick strains. Temperature, RH, and their interaction influenced Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. mortality probabilities across all life stages, with mortality probability generally increasing with temperature but decreasing with RH. With 50% and lower RH, larvae cannot survive for more than 1 week. However, mortality probabilities in all strains and stages were more sensitive to temperature than to RH.ConclusionThis study identified the predictive relationship between environmental factors and Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. survival, which enables estimations of tick survival time under varied residential situations, allows parameterization of population models, and provides guidance for pest control professionals to develop efficient management strategies. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.