bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ga2O3 Schottky Avalanche Solar‐Blind Photodiode with High Responsivity and Photo‐to‐Dark Current Ratio
Authors: Yan Shiqi , Jiao Teng , Ding Zijian , Zhou Xinyu , Ji Xingqi , Dong Xin , Zhang Jiawei , Xin Qian , Song Aimin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSolar‐blind photodetectors have attracted extensive attention due to their advantages such as ultra‐low background noise and all‐weather. In this study, the planar Ti/Ga2O3/Au Schottky avalanche photodetector (APD) is fabricated based on β‐Ga2O3 epitaxial film on the sapphire substrate grown by metal–organic chemical vapor deposition. The Schottky APD exhibits a high responsivity of 9780.23 A W−1, an ultrahigh photo‐to‐dark current ratio of 1.88 × 107, an external quantum efficiency of 4.77 × 106%, a specific detectivity of 9.48 × 1014 Jones, with an ultrahigh gain of 1 × 106 under 254 nm light illumination at 60 V reverse bias, indicating high application potential for solar‐blind imaging. The superior photoresponse performances ascribe to the effective carrier avalanche multiplication, which contributes to the high photocurrent, and the high quality Schottky junction depletion, which leads to the low dark current.
Rational Design Strategy for Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Electron Back Flow and Ionic Defects: The Case of Polytetrafluoroethylene
Authors: Fatti Giulio , Ciniero Alessandra , Ko Hyunseok , Lee Han Uk , Na Yujin , Jeong Chang Kyu , Lee Sang‐Geul , Kwak Dongyub , Park Kwi‐Il , Cho Sung Beom , Dini Daniele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe lack of theoretical understanding of triboelectrification has hindered the development of energy harvesting technologies like triboelectric nanogenerators. Focusing on polytetrafluoroethylene, a material with a strong triboelectric output, a model predictive of its triboelectric behavior, driving the development of improved nanogenerators are formulated. With a combined computational‐experimental approach it is shown that defluorination enhances polytetrafluoroethylene nanoscale triboelectric charging. Then a model, explaining the macroscale triboelectric output as determined by the competition of two mechanisms is developed. Defluorination enhances charging while also reducing the interface gap, favoring the backflow of electrons, and possibly reducing charging. However, numerical analysis shows that backflow is negligible, aligning with the prediction of increased triboelectric output. By building triboelectric nanogenerators with defluorinated polytetrafluoroethylene samples, achieved by X‐ray irradiation, a one‐order‐of‐magnitude output increase is demonstrated. The predictive models, supported by experiments, lead to an improved strategy for designing effective energy harvesting devices and new applicative breakthroughs.
Randomized controlled trial of olanexidine gluconate and povidone iodine for surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Iida Hiroya , Maehira Hiromitsu , Kaida Sachiko , Takebayashi Katsushi , Miyake Toru , Tani Masaji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimAntiseptics used at surgical sites are vital to preventing surgical site infections (SSI). In this study, a comparative investigation of the novel antiseptics olanexidine gluconate (OG) and povidone‐iodine (PI) was conducted to determine whether OG is more effective than PI against SSI after gastrointestinal surgery.MethodsThis prospective, randomized, single‐blind, interventional, single‐center study was conducted between August 2018 and February 2021. Patients scheduled for large‐scale gastrointestinal surgeries were randomized into two groups and administered OG (OG group) or PI (PI group) as preoperative antiseptics. The primary endpoint was the SSI occurrence rate within 30 days after surgery.ResultsIn total, 525 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 256 and 254 were in the OG and PI groups, respectively. The total SSI occurrence rate in the OG group (10.8%; n = 26) and the PI group (13.0%; n = 33) was not significantly different (p = 0.335). The occurrence rate of superficial incisional SSI and organ/space SSI did not significantly differ between the groups; however, that of deep incisional SSI showed a significant difference, with 0.4% (n = 1) in the OG group and 4.3% (n = 11) in the PI group (p = 0.003).ConclusionOG, as a preoperative skin antiseptic, did not reduce the occurrence rate of total SSI. However, deep incisional SSI may be reduced using OG.
Systematic ophthalmologic evaluation in cardio‐facio‐cutaneous syndrome: A genotype–endophenotype correlation
Authors: Crincoli Emanuele , Leoni Chiara , Viscogliosi Germana , Onesimo Roberta , Mattei Roberta , Tartaglia Marco , Catania Fiammetta , Rizzo Stanislao , Zampino Giuseppe , Salerni Annabella 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCardio‐facio‐cutaneous syndrome (CFCS) is a rare genetic disorder belonging to the RASopathies, a group of developmental syndromes caused by upregulated RAS/MAPK signaling. Pathogenic variants affecting four genes, KRAS, BRAF, MAP2K1 and MAP2K2, encoding core signal transducers of the pathway, underlie the condition. Major clinical features include a distinctive facies, ectodermal and cardiac anomalies, reduced postnatal growth, intellectual disability, and musculoskeletal abnormalities. Similar to other RASopathies, reports of visual impairment, high refractive error, optic nerve pallor, and other ocular abnormalities have been anecdotally reported in the literature. The aim of our study is to report the prevalence of ophthalmologic abnormalities in a large monocentric cohort of individuals affected by CFCS and explore the occurrence of genotype–endophenotype correlations in this series of patients. We observed that BRAF mutations are associated to a higher prevalence of anisometropia >3D (11.8% vs. 0%) and high astigmatism (29.4% vs. 0%; both p < 0.001) while patients with mutations in other genes had a significantly higher prevalence of myopia >6 D (60% vs. 5.9%; p = 0.012). Pale optic disc was associated with higher prevalence of inferior oblique muscle (IO) overaction (33.3% vs. 0%) and lower prevalence of ptosis (0% vs. 11.8%; both p < 0.001). Combined exotropia, IO overaction and nystagmus were frequent in patients with pale optic nerve. Our findings might suggest the need for earlier ophthalmologic referral for CFCS patients due to high risk of amblyopia, especially those expressing BRAF mutations.
Organocatalytic Diastereoselective Dearomative [4+2] Cyclodimerization of In‐situ Generated ortho‐Quinone Methides
Authors: Sahoo Sushree Ranjan , Singh Vinod K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe disclose a catalytic, diastereoselective dearomative [4+2] cyclodimerization of in‐situ generated naphthol‐derived ortho‐quinone methides for the synthesis of spiro‐naphthalenones (having an all‐carbon quaternary stereocenter). This methodology offers a wide range of spiro‐naphthalenone compounds in high yield with excellent diastereoselectivity and regiospecificity. Moreover, in the process, a diastereomeric interconversion of the cyclo‐adduct in the presence of NaBH4 was also observed.
Crosstalk between Hepatic Glutathione Efflux and Tumor Targeting Efficiency of Indocyanine Green‐Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Huang Yingyu , Xiao Wei , Ahrari Samira , Yu Mengxiao , Zheng Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe elevated glutathione (GSH) level in solid tumors has been used as a major hallmark for GSH‐responsive nanoparticles to enhance targeting efficiency and specificity. Meanwhile, GSH is mainly synthesized inside the hepatocytes of the liver in the body and constantly released into the blood through hepatic GSH efflux to regulate redox potential of the entire body. However, it remains largely unknown how this hepatic GSH efflux affects the tumor targeting of GSH‐responsive nanoparticles. Herein, we report that depletion of hepatic GSH enhanced the tumor targeting of GSH‐responsive indocyanine green‐conjugated Au25 nanoclusters coated with 18 GSH ligand (ICG‐Au25SG18). The dissociation of ICG from Au25SG18 by the hepatic GSH through thiol‐exchange reaction and the subsequent hepatobiliary clearance of the detached ICG were slowed down by GSH depletion, which in turn prolonged the blood circulation of intact ICG‐Au25SG18 and enhanced its tumor targeting. Our work highlights glutathione‐mediated crosstalk between the liver and tumor, in addition to well‐known Kupffer cell‐mediated uptake, in the tumor targeting of engineered nanoparticles, which could be modulated to enhance targeting efficiency and specificity of cancer nanomedicines while reducing their nonspecific accumulation.
Residual‐Chemical‐Shift‐Anisotropy‐Based Enantiodifferentiation in Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline Phases Based on Helically Chiral Polyacetylenes
Authors: Fuentes‐Monteverde Juan Carlos , Noll Markus , Das Akhi , Immel Stefan , Reggelin Michael , Griesinger Christian , Nath Nilamoni 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAnisotropic NMR spectroscopy, revealing residual dipolar couplings (RDCs) and residual chemical shift anisotropies (RCSAs) has emerged as a powerful tool to determine the configurations of synthetic and complex natural compounds. The deduction of the absolute in addition to the relative configuration is one of the primary goals in the field. Therefore, the investigation of the enantiodiscriminating capabilities of chiral alignment media becomes essential. While RDCs and RCSAs are now used for the determination of the relative configuration routinely, RCSAs have not been measured in chiral alignment media such as chiral liquid crystals. Herein, we present this application by measuring RCSAs for chiral analytes such as indanol and isopinocampheol in the lyotropic liquid crystalline phase of an L‐valine derived helically chiral polyacetylenes. We have also demonstrated that a single 1D 13C−{1H} NMR spectrum suffices to get the RCSAs circumventing the necessity to acquire two spectra at two alignment conditions.
Development of nystatin‐based antifungal, biodegradable polymer composite materials for food packaging via melt processing approach
Authors: Duarah Rituparna , Aleksic Ivana , Milivojevic Dusan , Rameshkumar Saranya , Nikodinovic‐Runic Jasmina , Padamati Ramesh Babu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNovel bio‐based, biodegradable packaging material was developed with multi‐functional properties of good mechanical strength, potent biocompatibility, and antifungal attributes, predominantly against fungi vital in food spoilage. Biodegradable polymer composites were prepared with a natural antifungal agent, nystatin (Nyst), by melt processing technique for the first time. Initially, Polycaprolactone (PCL) was melt‐mixed with various percentages of nystatin to produce nystatin‐encapsulated PCL composites (PCL/Nyst). The as‐prepared PCL/Nyst composites were melt‐mixed with polylactic acid (PLA) to produce nystatin PLA/PCL blend composites. Subsequently, the prepared composites were compression molded in the form of films (1 mm) for further characterization. The composite's structural properties were evaluated by SEM, FTIR, mechanical and thermal studies. In addition, the composites were tested in vitro against a panel of pathogenic fungi and for antibiofilm attributes, specifically against three Candida species (C. albicans ATCC10231, C. parapsilosis ATCC22019, and C. glabrata ATCC2001), and foodborne Penicillium sp. All the composites containing 2 to 20 wt% nystatin displayed good activity and sustained nystatin release for up to 4 days. Thus, the overall study demonstrates the potential application of natural antifungal agents in biodegradable polymers to produce novel composite films for antimicrobial packaging without inducing any toxicity, judged from the toxicity assay using nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
Nanofibrous membranes with hydrophobic and thermoregulatory functions fabricated by coaxial electrospinning
Authors: Qin Zhuofan , Wang Haoyue , Wang Lina , Yao Juming , Zhu Guocheng , Guo Baochun , Militky Jiri , Kremenakova Dana , Zhang Ming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the face of changing outdoor environments, it is necessary for us to develop advanced textiles with thermal regulation and hydrophobic properties. In order to create a fabric with both temperature control and waterproof properties, the study adjusted the ratio of polystyrene (PS) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to produce nanofiber membranes with excellent morphology and dirt resistant properties. Furthermore, the hydrophobicity of the nanofibers was further improved by adding SiO2 to the spinning solution. Based on this, a core solution of octadecane (Oct) was used to give it thermal regulation functionality through coaxial electrospinning technique. The resulting composite nanofiber membrane exhibited excellent hydrophobicity and thermal regulation performance. The measurement results obtained from Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) indicate that the maximum Oct encapsulation rate of the PS/PVDF/SiO2@Oct nanofiber membrane is 58.36%. The latent heat of the composite nanofiber membrane is 148.84 J/g, and the water contact angle (WCA) is 135°. The multifunctional composite nanofiber has great potential for applications in outdoor protective clothing and outdoor electronic device protection.
Synthesis of a bio‐based in‐suit reinforcing flame retardant containing DOPO group and its application in EP
Authors: Zhang Xida , Wang Kai , Chen Zhongwei , Yu Yuan , Chen Tingting , Yang Boran , Rong Feng , Zhang Qingwu , Zhao Ziqi , Jiang Juncheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt was an enormous challenge to endow flame retardant for epoxy resin (EP) with high efficiency, high compatibility, low addition and environmental protection. Herein, a bio‐based flame retardant (PHAO) was synthesized using protocatechualdehyde, p‐aminobenzonitrile, and 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phospha‐phenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) as precursors via a facile approach. PHAO was applied to EP to prepare EP/PHAO composites. Furthermore, PHAO demonstrated outstanding compatibility with the EP matrix, the interface free energy (IFE) value among PHAO and EP was 0.9 mJ/m2. For EP/3PHAO, the tensile strength enhanced from 55.4 MPa of pure EP to 67.4 MPa. EP/5PHAO, obtained by adding 5 wt% PHAO into EP, had a phosphorus content of only 0.34%, reaching the V‐0 level in UL‐94 test, and the limiting oxygen index was 32.5%. In comparison to pure EP, the peak heat release rate, total heat release and total smoke production of EP/5PHAO declined by 25.5%, 15.4%, and 15.3%, respectively. The flame retardancy of EP/5PHAO in gaseous and condensed phases was confirmed by investigating the residual carbon and pyrolysis behavior of EP/5PHAO. The synthesis of PHAO offered a solution for designing bio‐based flame retardant and advancing the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of EP.
The INSAR Community Collaborator Request: Using community–academic partnerships to enhance outcomes of participatory autism research
Authors: Poulsen Rebecca , Dwyer Patrick , Gassner Dena , Heyworth Melanie , Williams Zachary J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractParticipatory approaches, in which researchers work together with members of the autism community (e.g., autistic people, family members, caregivers, or other stakeholders) to design, conduct, and disseminate research, have become increasingly prominent within the field of autism research over the past decade. Despite growing academic and community interest in conducting participatory studies, stakeholder collaboration remains infrequent in autism research, at least partially due to systemic barriers. To help reduce barriers to engaging in participatory autism research, the International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) Autistic Researchers Committee has launched the INSAR Community Collaborator Request (ICCR; https://www.autism-insar.org/page/iccr), a platform on the INSAR website that allows autism researchers conducting participatory research to seek out stakeholder collaborators from the autism community (including both autistic people and their family members/caregivers, as relevant to a given research project). Interested stakeholders also have the opportunity to subscribe to ICCR posts, allowing them to be alerted of new opportunities for collaboration and potentially increasing their involvement in autism research. Overall, the ICCR provides a venue to connect autism researchers with potential community collaborators, reducing barriers to participatory autism research and increasing the frequency of successful community–academic partnerships within the field. We are hopeful that in the long term, such changes will lead to greater alignment between research outputs and the goals of the greater autism community, and consequently an increase in the overall quality and relevance of autism research.
Clinical and functional outcomes for risk‐appropriate treatments for prostate cancer
Authors: Tiruye Tenaw , O'Callaghan Michael , Ettridge Kerry , Moretti Kim , Jay Alex , Higgs Braden , Santoro Kerry , Kichenadasse Ganessan , Beckmann Kerri 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo describe real‐world clinical and functional outcomes in an Australian cohort of men with localised prostate cancer according to treatment type and risk category.Subjects and methodsMen diagnosed from 2008 to 2018 who were enrolled in South Australian Prostate Cancer Clinical Outcomes Collaborative registry—a multi‐institutional prospective clinical registry—were studied. The main outcome measures were overall survival, cancer‐specific survival, decline in functional outcomes, biochemical recurrence and transition to active treatment following active surveillance. Multivariable adjusted models were applied to estimate outcomes.ResultsOf the 8513 eligible men, majority of men (46%) underwent radical prostatectomy (RP) followed by external beam radiation therapy with or without androgen deprivation therapy (EBRT +/− ADT) in 22% of the cohort. Five‐year overall survival was above 91%, and 5‐year prostate cancer‐specific survival was above 97% in the low‐ and intermediate‐risk categories across all treatments. Five‐year prostate cancer‐specific survival in the active surveillance group was 100%. About 37% of men with high‐risk disease treated with RP and 17% of men treated with EBRT +/− ADT experienced biochemical recurrence within 5 years of treatment. Of men on active surveillance, 15% of those with low risk and 20% with intermediate risk converted to active treatment within 2 years. The decline in urinary continence and sexual function 12 months after treatment was greatest among men who underwent RP while the decline in bowel function was greatest for men who received EBRT +/− ADT.ConclusionThis contemporary real‐world evidence on risk‐appropriate treatment outcomes helps inform treatment decision‐making for clinicians and patients.
Real‐world prevalence, time of diagnosis, and co‐occurrence patterns of birth defects in live‐born infants, 2014–2020: A health administrative database study in Japan
Authors: Ishikawa Tomofumi , Kawame Hiroshi , Mano Nariyasu , Obara Taku 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundA study evaluating the real‐world prevalence of birth defects (BDs), including co‐occurrence patterns, will provide the information required to estimate Japan's true BD prevalence and monitor it. Information such as when infants are diagnosed with BDs is crucial for defining the study population and data collection period in future administrative database studies.MethodsThis study utilized the DeSC database, a large claims database comprising multiple health insurance schemes. The prevalence of major BDs, including structural congenital malformations (CMs) and chromosomal abnormalities, was determined in infants born between 2014 and 2020 and continuously insured for ≥1 year. The time of the first BD diagnosis and multiple BD patterns were also evaluated.ResultsAmong 43,147 infants, 3050 (7.07%) were diagnosed with major BDs, and 3002 (6.96%) with major CMs. The circulatory system (2.95%) was the most frequent organ system affected by CMs, followed by CMs and deformations of the musculoskeletal system (1.94%). The cumulative diagnostic rates of BDs and CMs at month 6 were 85.9% and 85.6%, respectively. The EUROCAT BD subgroups diagnosed in more than 1.0% of the infants were atrial septal defects (1.47%) and patent ductus arteriosus (1.07%). Among the 2997 infants with EUROCAT BDs, 241 (8.04%) were classified as having multiple BDs.ConclusionsA large claims database is a valuable resource for evaluating and monitoring the prevalence of BDs, including multiple patterns. At least 1 year since birth should be considered in future administrative database studies evaluating BDs as outcomes.
The metastasis patterns and their prognostic features in patients with de novo metastatic breast cancer of different ages
Authors: Sun Shujuan , Man Xiaochu , Zhou Dongdong , Zheng Fangchao , Zhao Jiuda , Chen Xuesong , Liu Tong , Huang Jie , Tan Qiaorui , Li Na , Li Huihui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThe prognostic outcomes of metastasis patterns in patients with de novo metastatic breast cancer (dnMBC) of different ages are unknown. Our study used a large‐scale data to investigate the metastasis patterns and prognostic features in dnMBC of different ages.MethodsTotal 24,698 women with dnMBC in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (2010–2018) were divided into three groups by age. Chi‐squared test was used to compare metastasis patterns and logistic regression was performed to investigate the risk of age and specific organ metastases. Kaplan–Meier survival curves were used to compare the overall survival.ResultsIn three groups, young group had the largest proportion of liver metastases (35.2% vs. 28.2% vs. 21.1%, p < 0.001), and elderly group had the largest proportion of lung metastases (22.6% vs. 30.0% vs. 35.0%, p < 0.001) and the lowest proportion of bone metastases (65.7% vs. 67.6% vs. 64.4%, p < 0.001). In young group, patients with liver metastases had better prognosis than patients with lung metastases (MST: 34 months vs. 29 months, p = 0.041), but in middle‐aged and elderly groups, the prognosis of lung metastases was better than that of liver metastases (MST in middle‐aged group: 24 months vs. 20 months, p = 0.002; MST in elderly group: 12 months vs. 6 months, p < 0.001).ConclusionDnMBC patients at different age have distinct metastasis patterns and prognostic features. The findings lend support to consideration of tailored management and surveillance strategies for different age patients.
An enigmatic presentation of Escherichia coli endocarditis: Emphasizing the role of brain magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Benjanuwattra Juthipong , Bell Amanda L. , Yang Mingxiao V. , Mora Barbara L. , Jenkins Leigh Ann , Sethi Pooja 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageInfective endocarditis should be considered in any febrile individual with acute onset neurological symptoms. If suspicion is high, a negative brain computed tomography does not virtually exclude embolism, and magnetic resonance imaging is warranted.AbstractA diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) is often delayed, particularly in those infected with unusual organisms. Hereby, we report a case of a female patient presented with dysarthria, confusion, and altered mental status after being treated for Escherichia coli bacteremia. Computed tomography of the brain was unrevealing; however, scattered embolic phenomena were visualized on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The case underscores the importance of clinical awareness, particularly in the setting of unusual microorganisms, and the role of brain MRI in the diagnosis of IE.