bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Black phosphorus quantum dots camouflaged with platelet-osteosarcoma hybrid membrane and doxorubicin for combined therapy of osteosarcoma
Authors: Xu Yanlong , Du Longhai , Han Binxu , Wang Yu , Fei Jichang , Xia Kuo , Zhai Yonghua , Yu Zuochong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent primary malignant bone tumor. However, single-agent chemotherapy exhibits limited efficacy against OS and often encounters tumor resistance. Therefore, we designed and constructed an integrated treatment strategy of photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with chemotherapy and used a surface-encapsulated platelet-osteosarcoma hybrid membrane (OPM) that enhances circulation time and enables OS-specific targeting.

Results
The OPM functions as a shell structure, encapsulating multiple drug-loaded nanocores (BPQDs-DOX) and controlling the release rate of doxorubicin (DOX). Moreover, near-infrared light irradiation accelerates the release of DOX, thereby extending circulation time and enabling photostimulation-responsive release. The OPM encapsulation system improves the stability of BPQDs, enhances their photothermal conversion efficiency, and augments PTT efficacy. In vitro and ex vivo experiments demonstrate that BPQDs-DOX@OPM effectively delivers drugs to tumor sites with prolonged circulation time and specific targeting, resulting in superior anti-tumor activity compared to single-agent chemotherapy. Furthermore, these experiments confirm the favorable biosafety profile of BPQDs-DOX@OPM.

Conclusions
Compared to single-agent chemotherapy, the combined therapy using BPQDs-DOX@OPM offers prolonged circulation time, targeted drug delivery, enhanced anti-tumor activity, and high biosafety, thereby introducing a novel approach for the clinical treatment of OS.
Coagulation biomarkers and coronavirus disease 2019 phenotyping: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Corneo Emily , Garbelotto Rafael , Prestes Gabriele , Girardi Carolina Saibro , Santos Lucas , Moreira Jose Claudio Fonseca , Gelain Daniel Pens , Westphal Glauco A. , Kupek Emil , Walz Roger , Ritter Cristiane , Dal-Pizzol Felipe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronarivus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) leads to severe conditions and thrombus formation, evaluation of the coagulation markers is important in determining the prognosis and phenotyping of patients with COVID-19.

Methods
In a prospective study that included 213 COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) the levels of antithrombin, C-reactive protein (CRP); factors XI, XII, XIII; prothrombin and D-dimer were measured. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess the pairwise correlations between the biomarkers. Hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analysis was performed using the levels of biomarkers to identify patients´ phenotypes. Multivariate binary regression was used to determine the association of the patient´s outcome with clinical variables and biomarker levels.

Results
The levels of factors XI and XIII were significantly higher in patients with less severe COVID-19, while factor XIII and antithrombin levels were significantly associated with mortality. These coagulation biomarkers were associated with the in-hospital survival of COVID-19 patients over and above the core clinical factors on admission. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed a cluster between factor XIII and antithrombin, and this hierarchical cluster was extended to CRP in the next step. Furthermore, a non-hierarchical K-means cluster analysis was performed, and two phenotypes were identified based on the CRP and antithrombin levels independently of clinical variables and were associated with mortality.

Conclusion
Coagulation biomarkers were associated with in-hospital survival of COVID-19 patients. Lower levels of factors XI, XII and XIII and prothrombin were associated with disease severity, while higher levels of both CRP and antithrombin clustered with worse prognosis. These results suggest the role of coagulation abnormalities in the development of COVID-19 and open the perspective of identifying subgroups of patients who would benefit more from interventions focused on regulating coagulation.
RNA binding protein: coordinated expression between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in tumors
Authors: Ma Jiaoyan , Sun Liankun , Gao Weinan , Li Yang , Dong Delu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMitochondria are the only organelles regulated by two genomes. The coordinated translation of nuclear DNA (nDNA) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which together co-encode the subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex, is critical for determining the metabolic plasticity of tumor cells. RNA-binding protein (RBP) is a post-transcriptional regulatory factor that plays a pivotal role in determining the fate of mRNA. RBP rapidly and effectively reshapes the mitochondrial proteome in response to intracellular and extracellular stressors, mediating the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial translation balance to adjust mitochondrial respiratory capacity and provide energy for tumor cells to adapt to different environmental pressures and growth needs. This review highlights the ability of RBPs to use liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) as a platform for translation regulation, integrating nuclear–mitochondrial positive and retrograde signals to coordinate cross-department translation, reshape mitochondrial energy metabolism, and promote the development and survival of tumor cells.
Cross protection to SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters with naturally-acquired immunity
Authors: Beitari Saina , Duque Diana , Bavananthasivam Jegarubee , Hewitt Melissa , Sandhu Jagdeep K. , Hadžisejdić Ita , Tran Anh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSince SARS-CoV-2 was first reported in late 2019, multiple variations of the original virus have emerged. Each variant harbors accumulations of mutations, particularly within the spike glycoprotein, that are associated with increased viral transmissibility and escape immunity. The different mutations in the spike protein of different variants shape the subsequent antibody and T cell responses, such that exposure to different spike proteins can result in reduced or enhanced responses to heterologous variants further down the line. Globally, people have been exposed and re-exposed to multiple variations of the Ancestral strain, including the five variants of concerns. Studies have shown that the protective immune response of an individual is influenced by which strain or combination of strains they are exposed to. The initial exposure to a specific strain may also shape their subsequent immune patterns and response to later infections with a heterologous virus. Most immunological observations were carried out early during the pandemic when the Ancestral strain was circulating. However, SARS-CoV-2 variants exhibit varying patterns of disease severity, waning immunity, immune evasion and sensitivity to therapeutics. Here we investigated the cross-protection in hamsters previously infected with a variant of concern (VOC) and subsequently re-infected with a heterologous variant. We also determined if cross-protection and immunity were dependent on the specific virus to which the hamster was first exposed. We further profiled the host cytokine response induced by each SARS-CoV-2 variants as well as subsequent to re-infection. A comparative analysis of the three VOCs revealed that Alpha variant was the most pathogenic VOC to emerge. We showed that naturally acquired immunity protected hamsters from subsequent re-infection with heterologous SARS-CoV-2 variant, regardless which variant the animal was first exposed to. Our study supports observations that heterologous infection of different SARS-CoV-2 variants do not exacerbate disease in subsequent re-infections. The continual emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants mandates a better understanding of cross-protection and immune imprinting in infected individuals. Such information is essential to guide vaccine strategy and public policy to emerging SARS-CoV-2 VOCs and future novel pandemic coronaviruses.
Breastmilk cadmium levels and estimated infant exposure: a multicenter study of associated factors in a resource-limited country
Authors: Shawahna Ramzi , Saleh Rana , Owiwi Lina , Abdi Aya , Bani-Odeh Diana , Maqboul Iyad , Hijaz Hatim , Jaber Mohammad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the undisputed benefits of breastfeeding, infants might become exposed to xenobiotics that could be excreted into breast milk following maternal exposure. This study was conducted to assess breastmilk cadmium levels among lactating women in Palestine, a resource-limited country. Estimated daily intake (EDI) of cadmium via breastmilk was also calculated and predictors of high breastmilk cadmium levels and high infant exposure via breastmilk were identified.MethodsThis multicenter study was conducted using a descriptive-analytical design. The lactating women were recruited from different maternity and public health clinics in all regions of Palestine. Demographic variables and exposure to sources of cadmium were collected in an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Foremilk samples (about 5 mL) were collected in polyethylene tubes using the hand-expression technique. The breast milk samples were collected in the period between December 2020 and March 2021. A pre-validated method using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to quantify breastmilk cadmium levels. EDI values were calculated from the quantified breastmilk cadmium levels.ResultsBreastmilk samples were obtained from 256 lactating women. The mean breastmilk cadmium level was 0.34 (SD: 0.33) μg / L and the mean EDI of cadmium via breastmilk was 0.059 (SD: 0.058) µg / kg per body weight / day. Breastmilk cadmium levels were quantified in 92.6% of the breastmilk samples. Of the breastmilk samples, 13 (5.1%) had cadmium levels above those reported as “normal” by the World Health Organization (WHO). Multiple linear regression showed that higher breastmilk cadmium levels and higher EDI were predicted by being a smoker, living in a refugee camp, living close to an industrial area, living close to disposal of wastes, living close to paint shops, living in a house with peeling / chipping paint, frequent use of cosmetics, frequent use of hair dyes, and not using vitamins.ConclusionThe breastmilk cadmium levels and infant exposure were predicted by maternal exposure to sources of cadmium. The findings reported in this study are valuable to antenatal and postnatal healthcare service providers. More studies are needed to plan and implement measures to reduce breastmilk cadmium levels and infants’ exposure to cadmium via breastmilk.
The absence of data on driving under the influence of alcohol in road traffic studies: a scoping review of non-randomized studies with vote counting based on the direction of effects of alcohol policies
Authors: Martínez Pablo , Joseph Junon , Nazif-Munoz José Ignacio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Data on driving under the influence of alcohol (DUIA) are not always available, accurate, or reliable, making it difficult to study the effects of alcohol policies on road traffic outcomes. The objectives of our study were twofold: 1) to describe how road traffic outcomes of alcohol policies are assessed when DUIA data are missing, and 2) to explore the effects of alcohol policies when DUIA data are missing.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review of non-randomized studies that assessed the road traffic outcomes of alcohol policies when DUIA data are missing. Until November 2021, we searched studies published between 2000 and 2021, in English or French, via MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL, and SocINDEX. We assessed the risk of bias in the included studies with the Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After (Pre-Post) Studies With No Control Group. The selection process, data extraction, and the risk of bias assessment were conducted independently and in duplicate. We used vote counting based on the direction of the effects of alcohol policies as a synthesis method. The protocol for this review was published in PROSPERO under record number CRD42021266744.

Results
Twenty-four eligible studies were included. Regarding objective 1, most studies used uncontrolled interrupted time series designs to assess road traffic fatalities resulting from night-time crashes. The reasons for missing DUIA data were generally not reported. Regarding objective 2, we found evidence for an association between alcohol policies and decreased road traffic fatalities. Subgroup analyses found no evidence for an association between methodological modifiers and positive effect directions for road traffic fatalities.

Conclusion
Caution is needed when interpreting road traffic outcomes associated with alcohol policies when DUIA data are missing. Greater efforts should be made to improve the reporting of outcomes assessments. Future studies must address several methodological issues (e.g., more granular data, well-defined intervention and implementation, and controlled designs). Our results should be compared to those from others reviews where DUIA data were available to confirm or recalibrate the associations found in studies where DUIA data were missing.
Limb occlusion pressure versus standard tourniquet inflation pressure in minor hand surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kanchanathepsak Thepparat , Pukrittayakamee Natsuda Chua , Woratanarat Patarawan , Tawonsawatruk Tulyapruek , Angsanuntsukh Chanika 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
In minor hand surgery, tourniquet is typically inflated to 250 mmHg. The pressure may be too high and cause unnecessary adverse effects. Limb occlusion pressure plus safety margin or recommended tourniquet pressure (RTP), has been reported as optimal pressure to provide bloodless field in limb surgeries. This study aimed to compare the RTP with the standard tourniquet pressure of 250 mmHg in minor hand surgery.

Methods
A double-blinded randomized control trial was conducted from July to December 2019 and June 2020 to May 2021. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups: RTP and 250 mmHg with 3:1 ratio allocation. The outcomes were measurement of cuff pressure reduction, time to develop of tourniquet pain and discomfort, pain score, discomfort score, motionless and bloodless of operative field determined by the surgeon’s satisfaction.

Results
A total of 112 patients were included, 84 were in RTP and 28 were in 250 mmHg group. Mean of tourniquet pressure was significantly lower in the RTP group (228.3 ± 17.2 mmHg) (P < 0.001). Even though, time to develop pain was not significantly different, the RTP group reported significantly less pain and discomfort, according to the pain score (P = 0.02) and discomfort score (P = 0.017). The RTP group provided better motionless field, while both groups equally created a bloodless field.

Conclusion
The RTP significantly reduced tourniquet related pain and discomfort during minor hand surgeries. It provided better motionless operative field and adequate bloodless field. Therefore, the RTP should be considered as optimal tourniquet pressure for minor hand surgeries.

Trial registration

TCTR20210519001 (retrospectively registered).

Level of evidence
I.
LuQi Formula relieves ventricular remodeling through improvement of HIF-1α-mediated intestinal barrier integrity
Authors: Yan Jirong , Xi Zhichao , Guo Jiaying , Xu Lin , Sun Xueyang , Sha Wanjing , Liu Milin , Zhao Shenyu , Dai Enrui , Xu Yu , Xu Hongxi , Qu Huiyan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Ventricular remodeling is the adaptive process in which the heart undergoes changes due to stress, leading to heart failure (HF). The progressive decline in cardiac function is considered to contribute to intestinal barrier impairment. LuQi Formula (LQF) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation widely used in the treatment of ventricular remodeling and HF. However, the role of LQF in the impairment of intestinal barrier function induced by ventricular remodeling remains unclear.

Materials and methods
Ventricular remodeling was induced in rats by permanently ligating the left anterior descending branch coronary artery, and cardiac function indexes were assessed using echocardiography. Heart and colon tissue morphology were observed by hematoxylin–eosin, Masson’s trichrome and Alcian Blue Periodic acid Schiff staining. Myocardial cell apoptosis was detected using TUNEL and immunohistochemistry. Circulatory levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), intestinal permeability markers endotoxin, D-lactate and zonulin, as well as inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in colon tissue were detected by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Cardiac function indexes and intestinal permeability markers of patients with HF were analyzed before and after 2–4 months of LQF treatment.

Results
LQF protected cardiac function and alleviated myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis in rats with ventricular remodeling. LQF protected the intestinal barrier integrity in ventricular remodeling rats, including maintaining colonic tissue morphology, preserving the number of goblet cells and normal expression of TJ proteins. Furthermore, LQF upregulated the expression of HIF-1α protein in colon tissue. Intervention with a HIF-1α inhibitor weakened the protective effect of LQF on intestinal barrier integrity. Moreover, a reduction of HIF-1α aggravated ventricular remodeling, which could be alleviated by LQF. Correspondingly, the circulating levels of intestinal permeability markers and BNP in HF patients were significantly decreased, and cardiac function markedly improved following LQF treatment.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that LQF effectively protected cardiac function by preserving intestinal barrier integrity caused by ventricular remodeling, at least partially through upregulating HIF-1α expression.
Loss of SPRY2 contributes to cancer-associated fibroblasts activation and promotes breast cancer development
Authors: Dai Huijuan , Xu Wenting , Wang Lulu , Li Xiao , Sheng Xiaonan , Zhu Lei , Li Ye , Dong Xinrui , Zhou Weihang , Han Chenyu , Mao Yan , Yao Linli 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe communication between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment plays a critical role in cancer development. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the major components of the tumor microenvironment and take part in breast cancer formation and progression. Here, by comparing the gene expression patterns in CAFs and normal fibroblasts, we found SPRY2 expression was significantly decreased in CAFs and decreased SPRY2 expression was correlated with worse prognosis in breast cancer patients. SPRY2 knockdown in fibroblasts promoted tumor growth and distant metastasis of breast cancer in mice. Loss of stromal SPRY2 expression promoted CAF activation dependent on glycolytic metabolism. Mechanically, SPRY2 suppressed Y10 phosphorylation of LDHA and LDHA activity by interfering with the interaction between LDHA and SRC. Functionally, SPRY2 knockdown in fibroblasts enhanced the stemness of tumor cell dependent on glycolysis in fibroblasts. Collectively, this work identified SPRY2 as a negative regulator of CAF activation, and SPRY2 in CAFs may potentially be therapeutically targeted in breast cancer treatment.
Hypomethylation of ABCG1 in peripheral blood as a potential marker for the detection of coronary heart disease
Authors: Jin Jialie , Zhao Xiaojing , Zhu Chao , Li Mengxia , Wang Jinxin , Fan Yao , Liu Chunlan , Shen Chong , Yang Rongxi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Novel molecular biomarkers for the risk assessment and early detection of coronary heart disease (CHD) are urgently needed for disease prevention. Altered methylation of ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1) has been implicated in CHD but was mostly studied in Caucasians. Exploring the potential relationship between ABCG1 methylation in blood and CHD among the Chinese population would yield valuable insights.

Methods
Peripheral blood samples were obtained from a case–control study (287 CHD patients vs. 277 controls) and a prospective nested case–control study (171 CHD patients and 197 matched controls). DNA extraction and bisulfite-specific PCR amplification techniques were employed for sample processing. Quantitative assessment of methylation levels was conducted using mass spectrometry. Statistical analyses involved the utilization of logistic regression and nonparametric tests.

Results
We found hypomethylation of ABCG1 in whole blood was associated with the risk of CHD in both studies, which was enhanced in heart failure (HF) patients, female and younger subjects. When combined with baseline characteristics, altered ABCG1 methylation showed improved predictive effect for differentiating CHD cases, ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) cases, younger than 60 years CHD cases, and female CHD cases from healthy controls (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.68, 0.71, 0.74, and 0.73, respectively).

Conclusions
We demonstrated a robust link between ABCG1 hypomethylation in whole blood and CHD risk in the Chinese population and provided novel evidence indicating that aberrant ABCG1 methylation in peripheral blood can serve as an early detection biomarker for CHD patients.
Science and philosophy of Korea traditional foods (K-food)
Authors: Kwon Dae Young , Soon-Hee Kim , Chung Kyung Rhan , Daily James W. , Park Sunmin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe foods, diets, lifestyles, and cultures that can be encountered throughout the world are different depending on the environment of each region and each ethnic group. Ethnic food has been developed according to the constraints of the given environment in terms of philosophical, agricultural, and geohistorical conditions. In other words, ethnic food is a product of efforts to cope with and overcome food safety, desirability, and the need for food storage for periods of famine. It would be a tradition and emergence created by accumulated wisdom that actively utilizes the given geographical and natural environment. Since the Ice Age, the development of all ethnic foods on the Earth has been unique in terms of their characteristics, due to the natural agro-ecological background of the region, through the movement and settlement of primitive mankind and wars of the Bronze Age. Therefore, it is impossible to understand the development of a particular ethnic food without understanding its historical background and geographical and agro-ecological characteristics. The same applies to Korean foods, which should be studied from this perspective. Nevertheless, until now, the history of food on the Korean Peninsula has been mainly studied by history scholars who can read Chinese characters rather than by natural scientists, resulting in errors and distortions in our understanding of the identity, history, and originality of Korean food. In this paper, we aim to correct these errors and distortions and to present scientifically validated research and the developmental background of Korean food in terms of its anthropological, historical, geographical, and cultural values, which is essential for K-food (Korean Traditional foods) to be known as a distinctly different world food rather than as a regional variant of Northeast Asian foods. Furthermore, we also aim to provide scientific truths by researching the health functionalities and cultural values of Korean food so that it can develop as a global food worldwide.