bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Synthetic Approach to Protulactone A and Structural Analogues
Authors: Francuz Jovana , Djokić Sanja , Popsavin Mirjana , Rodić Marko V. , Kojić Vesna , Krüger Biljana , Popsavin Velimir 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA new synthetic approach to protulactone A and several of its structural analogues, starting from d-galactose, has been developed. In a preliminary bioassay, all the compounds showed potent cytotoxicities. A structure–activity relationship analysis identified structural segments that are important for antiproliferative activity.
Fulminant Herpes Pneumonia Postaortic Surgery with Known Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Asemota Nicole , Ike Ikenna David , Oo Aung Ye , Lopez-Marco Ana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHerpes simplex virus (HSV) pneumonitis is rare after cardiac surgery. A 36-year-old gentleman with ankylosing spondylitis underwent emergency surgery for a complex aortic aneurysmal disease. Preoperative treatment of aortitis with antitumor necrosis factor and steroid medication and surgical stress including cardiopulmonary bypass potentially created an immunosuppressive state and reactivation of undiagnosed HSV. Rapid HSV pneumonia ensued, culminating in fulminant organ failure and mortality. HSV pneumonia should be considered postoperatively in patients with severe respiratory distress, especially if immunocompromised.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage for Prevention of Spinal Cord Ischemia in Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Surgery—Pros and Cons
Authors: Ellauzi Hesham , Arora Harendra , Elefteriades John A. , Zaffar Mohammad A. , Ellauzi Rama , Popescu Wanda M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) carries a risk of spinal cord ischemia (SCI) which exerts a devastating impact on patient's quality of life and life expectancy. Although routine prophylactic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage is not unequivocally supported by current data, several studies have demonstrated favorable outcomes. Patients at high risk for SCI following TEVAR likely will benefit from prophylactic CSF drains. However, the intervention is not risk free, and thorough risk/benefit analysis should be individualized to each patient.
Femur Osteomyelitis and Associated Fracture as an Initial Presentation of Aortoenteric Fistula
Authors: Barmparessos Emmanouil , Chatzigakis Petros , Katsikas Vasileios , Zevlas Andreas , Samaras Dimitrios 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAortoenteric fistula is a rare condition. Atypical presentations may cause significant management delays. We present the case of a 64-year-old male who experienced a pathological femoral fracture as an initial presentation of an underlying aortoenteric fistula. The aortoenteric fistula, possibly related to a poor graft tunneling technique, induced femur osteomyelitis and the associated pathological fracture.
Replacement of a Calcified Aortic Valve in a Porcine Aortic Root with the Perceval Sutureless Bioprosthesis
Authors: Falcetta Giosuè , Del Re Federico , Pratali Stefano , Bortolotti Uberto 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report a 79-year-old patient who had aortic valve replacement (AVR) using a porcine aortic root. Due to degeneration of the porcine aortic valve, he required reoperation during which a heavily calcified porcine root and aortic annulus prevented insertion of any traditional bioprosthesis. AVR was achieved using a sutureless bioprosthesis, combined with mitral valve replacement. The present case confirms the feasibility and advantages of using sutureless valve implantation in complex and high-risk redo procedures.
Inferior Vena Cava Anomalies and Pathologies
Authors: Raviraj Poojary Shweta , Chandana Venkataswamy , Pradeep Hagalahalli Nagarajegowda , Nanjaraj Chakenahalli Puttaraj 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWide array of anatomical variations and pathologies affect the inferior vena cava (IVC). Multidetector computed tomography remains the most important modality to diagnose and evaluate the extent of involvement. The congenital variations such as duplication, anomalous course of renal veins, azygos continuation of IVC, etc., remain clinically indolent and are detected incidentally in abdominal imaging. This article describes the various congenital variants which include abnormalities in drainage, failure of development, and regression of the IVC. This article also highlights the important pathological conditions such as Budd–Chiari syndrome, primary and secondary neoplasms of the IVC, bland thrombosis, and retrograde opacification of the IVC.
The Human Botfly “Bubbling Sign”: Ultrasound Features of Cutaneous Furuncular Myiasis
Authors: Papineni Vijay , Dieu Sharon , Rennie Winston Joseph 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dermatobia hominis, the human botfly, is native to South and Central America with cases of infestation seen in travelers to these areas. Myiasis is the cutaneous manifestation of larvae between two periods of molting (instar) and presents as a firm furuncular mass with a central pore that can be easily clinically overlooked. Ultrasound is useful in the diagnostic workup and has specific features and techniques to demonstrate live larva. We present a patient who acquired cutaneous furuncular myiasis caused by D. hominis , the human botfly, during her jungle trek in the Amazon forests in South America. Over 5 weeks, she developed a firm furuncular lesion with a central pore. Ultrasound revealed a hypoechoic mass with a hyperechoic oblong-shaped core that showed a fluid circulation, confirming the presence of a viable larva. Surgery was performed and a second-instar D. hominis larva was confirmed. We discuss the key ultrasound findings and management of cutaneous furuncular myiasis with the aim of raising awareness of this condition, adding to the growing body of literature likely associated with the re-opening of global travel routes.
PAX5 and TDT-Negative B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Unusual Genetic Mutations: A Case Report
Authors: Aladily Tariq N. , Qiqieh Jamil F. , Alshorman Alaa , Alhyari Salem , Khader Majd 
Published: December 2022

AbstractB-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is commonly encountered in clinical practice. Patients present with increased percentage of lymphoblasts in bone marrow and/or peripheral blood. Immunophenotypic study by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry is essential to establish the diagnosis. Paired box-5 (PAX5) is a B cell lineage protein and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TDT) is an immature marker, both of which are routinely tested in the pathologic workup of acute leukemia. In this report, we describe a case of B-ALL in a 37-year-old woman in which both PAX5 and TDT were negative. Next-generation sequencing test detected mutations in DNA methyltransferase 3 α and Fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 genes, which are frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia rather than B-ALL. The constellation of these rare findings in a single case signifies the importance of examining a wide panel of markers when the diagnosis of ALL is suspected.
Surgical Indications and Outcomes of Postmeningitis Subdural Collection in Infants: Single Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Alnaami Ibrahim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background Postmeningitis subdural collection (PMSC) is a complication in infants with bacterial meningitis. Clinical and radiologic findings enable treating teams to gain more insights into diagnosing and managing PMSC. This study aims to establish the indications for surgical management of PMSC in infants based on a single pediatric tertiary care center experience.
Methods We reviewed the hospital records of infants diagnosed with PMSC between January 2015 and December 2021. They were diagnosed based on clinical suspicion that was confirmed through imaging using computed tomography (CT) scanning or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). All patients received antibiotic treatment, and surgical interventions using subdural drain placement or craniotomy were performed. The patients were followed up for outcomes and prognosis for 1 to 5 years.
Results A total of 17 infants were included in the study. Infants younger than 4 months represented most cases of PMSC (64.7%). Initially, bacterial growth was seen in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 15 (88.2%) patients. The causative agents included Streptococcus pneumoniae (58.8%), Salmonella spp. (11.7%), Streptococcus agalactiae (5.9%), Escherichia coli (5.9%), and Micrococcus luteus (5.9%). Growth in subdural fluid revealed the presence of E. coli (5.9%) and Staphylococcus hominis (5.9%). All the patients received treatments including combinations of antibiotics regimens. Major indications predisposing patients with PMSC to surgery included persistent fever, seizures, and bulging fontanel in the presence of PMSC on CT or MRI. All the patients underwent surgical operations, including subdural drain placement (76.5%) and craniotomy (23.5%).
Conclusions Persistent fever, seizures, and bulging fontanel, in the presence of PMSC, were found to be the indications for surgical intervention in PMSC. Drainage of PMSC and continuation of antibiotics is a safe and effective modality for treatment in PMSC, with a reasonable outcome and acceptable rate of morbidity and mortality. Craniotomy should be reserved for those with thick pus collection, as burr hole surgery can be used to achieve the goal in the majority of patients.
Controversies in Prostate Artery Embolization: Future Best Practice
Authors: Goyal Piyush , Salem Riad , Mouli Samdeep K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia is correlated with age. Men seeking treatment options with a low side effect profile often turn to prostate artery embolization (PAE). PAE continues to be refined with advanced tools and optimized techniques. Nonetheless, there exist controversies in terms of best practices for the management of lower urinary track symptoms (LUTS) with PAE. These controversies are essential for medical progress. Herein we suggest best practices moving forward based on currently available data. Given extensive safety data, we recommend PAE be considered alongside medical management and as a precursor to surgery. Given demonstrated efficacy across gland sizes, PAE can be performed in a single session, ideally in a hybrid angio-CT suite, without preoperative cross-sectional imaging. PAE should be initially performed with 300- to 500-μm size particles, and instead consider exploring other particles and sizes for repeat PAE. Finally, PAE can also be considered as first-line option for recurrent disease given the efficacy and excellent safety profile. This article is not meant to purport a dogma, but rather to serve as a guide to the experienced practitioner in challenging his or her own biases when performing PAE.
Varicocele Embolization: Interventional Radiologist's Perspective
Authors: Torkian Pooya , Rosenberg Michael , Talaie Reza , Golzarian Jafar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe goal of this article is to review the patient selection criteria, technical pearls, and outcomes of percutaneous varicocele embolization. This article will provide a brief overview of the history of the procedure, angiographic approach, and materials used in contemporary embolization. The success rates and complications of the varicocele embolization will also be discussed.
Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics of Infants with Punctate White Matter Lesions and/or Cystic Lesions
Authors: Imai Ken , Hara Hiroko , Sawada Tatsuo , Wada Masaki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate the differences in the clinical characteristics of preterm infants with punctate white matter lesions (PWMLs) and those with cystic periventricular leukomalacia (cPVL) using term-equivalent age magnetic resonance imaging.
Methods We conducted a retrospective case–control study to explore the clinical characteristics of infants (< 35 weeks gestation, born between 2007 and 2017 in a single Level III perinatal center) with PWML, cPVL or with PWML plus cPVL and compared them with those of gestational-age-matched controls.
Results Among 602 infants, 29, 5, and 4 were assigned to the PWML group, cPVL group, and PWML plus cPVL group (PWML-cPVL group), respectively. Compared to the control group (n = 87), the PWML group had higher birth weights (p = 0.04), rates of histological chorioamnionitis (p = 0.04), vaginal delivery (p = 0.008), and early heart contraction failure (within 72 hours after birth) (p = 0.003). The cPVL group had lower umbilical blood gas base excess (p = 0.01), higher rate of late-onset circulatory collapse (p = 0.008), and higher hydrocortisone requirements (p = 0.03) than the control group (n = 15). The PWML-cPVL group had a higher rate of intraventricular hemorrhage (p = 0.03) than the control group (n = 12). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, vaginal delivery (odds ratio [OR] = 3.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37–9.40; p = 0.009), higher birth weight (per 1 g) (OR = 1.001; 95% CI = 1.0001–1.002; p = 0.03), and early heart contraction failure (OR = 5.4; 95% CI = 1.84–16.8; p = 0.002), were independent risk factors for PWML.
Conclusion Clinical characteristics of infants with PWML compared with gestational-age-matched controls differed from those with cPVL or PWML plus cPVL, as PWML were not related to severe disruption of hemodynamics.
Impact of Tourette Syndrome on Education
Authors: Lund Josefine , Borch-Johnsen Liv , Groth Camilla , Skov Liselotte , Debes Nanette Mol 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that Tourette syndrome (TS) has an impact on academic achievements. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the severity of tics and comorbidities and educational outcomes.
Methods From 2005 to 2007, 395 participants were included in a large cohort (314 with TS and 81 controls) and the mean age was 12.60 ± 2.64 years. The cohort was re-examined after 4 to 8 years (median 5.6) where n = 276 participants (223 with TS and 53 controls) were included with a mean age of 18.52 ± 2.73 years. At both time points, severity of tics and the presence and severity of psychiatric comorbidity were assessed. Educational achievements were assessed through structured interviews.
Results Children with TS had a lower passing rate at lower secondary and high school compared to healthy controls. More severe vocal tics were associated with fewer passing lower secondary school at a prospective level. At a cross-sectional level, more severe motor tics were associated with fewer passing high school. Tic severity only influenced children with TS without comorbidity. The severity of comorbidity was found to be associated with the educational level at a longitudinal view, but not cross-sectional.
Conclusion Overall, children with TS had a lower passing rate at lower secondary school and high school compared to healthy controls. We found that this difference was more likely driven by the severity of comorbidities than tic severity. It is important to be aware of academic achievement in children with TS in order to give them the right support and thereby optimize educational opportunities.
Obstetrical Outcome following Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes in the Third Trimester (>29 Weeks) versus Second Trimester (24–28 Weeks): A Retrospective Comparative Study
Authors: Abu Shqara Raneen , Nakhleh Francis Yara , Or Shany , Lowenstein Lior , Frank Wolf Maya 
Published: December 2022

Objective This study aimed to compare obstetrical outcomes between women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the third trimester after testing negative for GDM in two-step screening in the second trimester and women diagnosed in the second trimester.
Study Design This retrospective study compared obstetrical outcomes between 375 women diagnosed with GDM in the second trimester and 125 diagnosed in the third trimester.
Results Among women diagnosed with GDM in the third versus second trimester, the incidences were higher of morbid obesity (body mass index ≥35 kg/m2), macrosomia, and cesarean section (CS) due to suspected macrosomia: 23.2 versus 9.8%, p < 0.001; 44.0 versus 10.1%, p < 0.001; and 24.8 versus 6.3%, p < 0.001, respectively. For those diagnosed in the third versus second trimester, the incidences were lower of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and intrauterine growth restriction, and a lower proportion of women needed pharmacological therapy for glucose control: 2.4 versus 9.0%, p = 0.016; 0.8 versus 8.2%, p < 0.001; and 12.0 versus 29.7%, p < 0.001, respectively. Multivariate analysis supported a correlation between third-trimester-diagnosed GDM and macrosomia, and between second-trimester-diagnosed GDM and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Conclusion Among women diagnosed with GDM in the third compared with the second trimester, the incidence of morbid obesity was higher; accordingly, the risks were higher for large for gestational age infants and delivery by CS, and lower for hypertensive disorders. Guidelines regarding repeat oral glucose tolerance testing in the third trimester should be considered following prospective studies.
Key Points
Real-time FMR lorentzian visualization through a novel synchronous VNA-FMR measurement apparatus
Authors: Montanheiro L. , Ricobom B. , Dartora C. A. , Bonfim M. 
Published: December 2022

It is shown in this work that a synchronous measurement setup is able to conveniently and accurately retrieve ferromagnetic resonance's (FMR) main physical properties from a permalloy sample. The apparatus used comprises a vector network analyzer (VNA), coupled with external DC coils, driven by a controllable power supply. A permalloy thin film sample was subjected to a microwave signal through a grounded coplanar waveguide. A square wave signal generated by an Arduino microcontroller drives the coils to a triangular, 65.4 ms period magnetic field. This field’s half-cycle is synchronized to match a zero-span sampling time at the VNA. The system has the advantage of fast results, as the typical FMR lorentzian curve is completed in a few seconds and shown immediately on the VNA’s scattering parameter S21 trace graph. The system showed an improved signal-to-noise ratio of 51.7 at 10 GHz over 24.3 for the 100 nm thick permalloy- sample used in this work. A magnetic field resonance point, collected at 10 GHz, showed a five-fold improvement in the standard-error.
Design and fabrication of diffraction grating with optimized efficiency for transient grating spectroscopy
Authors: Huang Shubin , Peng Zeyu , Rui Shi , Zhang Renfu , Wen Rui-Tao , Cheng Xing , Guo Liang 
Published: December 2022

Transient grating spectroscopy (TGS) based on diffraction gratings is a powerful optical method for studying the transport of energy carriers such as phonons and electrons. The diffraction grating in a TGS system is a key component to form a large-area interference pattern, i.e., transient grating, and to study the mean free path distribution of energy carriers. In this work, a design method for polarization-insensitive diffraction gratings with periods in the range 2–50 µm for TGS by a combination of rigorous coupled wave analysis and genetic algorithm was discussed. The method was tested for pump/probe wavelength of 515/532 or 1030/808 nm. Each ±1st diffraction order carries 35%–40% of the incident energy and the diffraction efficiencies of the other orders are lower than 10%. The optimized diffraction gratings were fabricated by a combination of photolithography and inductively coupled plasma etching, with the processing parameters introduced in detail, and their optical characteristics were evaluated. Finally, as a demonstration, the diffraction gratings for 1030/808 nm were applied to TGS to study the thermal transport properties of Ge. This work provides a useful guide for future applications and the development of TGS.
Exact instantons via worldline deformations
Authors: Akal A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The imaginary part of the one loop effective action in external backgrounds can be efficiently computed using worldline instantons which are closed periodic paths in spacetime. Exact solutions for nonstatic backgrounds are only known in certain cases. In this paper, we propose a novel technique allowing the construction of further exactly solvable models. In order to do so, we introduce a deformation function which maps the worldline instantons for a given model to the closed periodic stationary paths of a new model. Executing this procedure iteratively results in a chain of infinitely many solvable models. Similar ideas were applied to topological and nontopological defects in quantum field theory. We explicitly discuss the tunneling exponential in the Schwinger pair creation rate and illustrate the validity of the proposed technique for well-known cases.
Comparison of the different distribution functions in Gd-doped ceria system by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Vives Serge , Ramel David , Meunier Cathy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cerium dioxide-based materials are among the most studied for applications in the energy and environmental fields and are also of interest in biology and medicine. The fluorite structure of CeO2 is locally distorted by the concomitant presence of doping cations, such as Gd3+ and oxygen vacancies. The cation-anion bond length distribution then becomes increasingly asymmetric with the doping ratio and temperature. In these cases, the MD simulation results indicate that the commonly used maximum of the pair correlation function g(r) first peak can no longer be adopted to estimate the mean bond length. To determine the true cation-anion bond length, the analysis of the radial distribution function R(r) first peak is necessary. Furthermore, the asymmetry of this peak must be accounted for when extracting the mean value of the distribution. The gap between the g(r) maximum and the R(r) mean position derived from the fit using a skewed Gaussian function clearly increases with the doping ratio and temperature, leading to different conclusions concerning bond length evolution. The present study also suggests that care must be taken when the bond length is deduced from the pair distribution functions G
pdf(r) as is the case in total scattering experiments (x-ray and neutrons). Finally, relations between the cumulants of the effective distribution of distances as determined in extended x-ray absorption fine structure experiments and the cumulants describing the real distance distribution are proposed considering that both these distributions are modelled by a skewed Gaussian function.
Well-posedness for chemotaxis–fluid models in arbitrary dimensions*
Authors: Yomgne Diebou Gael 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We study the Cauchy problem for the chemotaxis Navier–Stokes equations and the Keller–Segel–Navier–Stokes system. Local-in-time and global-in-time solutions satisfying fundamental properties such as mass conservation and nonnegativity preservation are constructed for low regularity data in 2 and higher dimensions under suitable conditions. Our initial data classes involve a new scale of function space, that is

L

2
,
N
−
2

−
1

(

R

N

)

which collects divergence of vector-fields with components in the square Campanato space

L

2
,
N
−
2

(

R

N

)

, N > 2 (and can be identified with the homogeneous Besov space

B

˙

22

−
1

(

R

N

)

when N = 2) and are shown to be optimal in a certain sense. Moreover, uniqueness criterion for global solutions is obtained under certain limiting conditions.