bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter-subject correlations of EEG reflect subjective arousal and acoustic features of music
Authors: Ueno Fuyu , Shimada Sotaro 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundResearch on music-induced emotion and brain activity is constantly expanding. Although studies using inter-subject correlation (ISC), a collectively shared brain activity analysis method, have been conducted, whether ISC during music listening represents the music preferences of a large population remains uncertain; additionally, it remains unclear which factors influence ISC during music listening. Therefore, here, we aimed to investigate whether the ISCs of electroencephalography (EEG) during music listening represent a preference for music reflecting engagement or interest of a large population in music.MethodsFirst, we selected 21 pieces of music from the Billboard Japan Hot 100 chart of 2017, which served as an indicator of preference reflecting the engagement and interest of a large population. To ensure even representation, we chose one piece for every fifth song on the chart, spanning from highly popular music to less popular ones. Next, we recorded EEG signals while the subjects listened to the selected music, and they were asked to evaluate four aspects (preference, enjoyment, frequency of listening, and arousal) for each song. Subsequently, we conducted ISC analysis by utilizing the first three principal components of EEG, which were highly correlated across subjects and extracted through correlated component analysis (CorrCA). We then explored whether music with high preferences that reflected the engagement and interest of large population had high ISC values. Additionally, we employed cluster analysis on all 21 pieces of music, utilizing the first three principal components of EEG, to investigate the impact of emotions and musical characteristics on EEG ISC during music listening.ResultsA significant distinction was noted between the mean ISC values of the 10 higher-ranked pieces of music compared to the 10 lower-ranked pieces of music [t(542) = −1.97, p = 0.0025]. This finding suggests that ISC values may correspond preferences reflecting engagement or interest of a large population. Furthermore, we found that significant variations were observed in the first three principal component values among the three clusters identified through cluster analysis, along with significant differences in arousal levels. Moreover, the characteristics of the music (tonality and tempo) differed among the three clusters. This indicates that the principal components, which exhibit high correlation among subjects and were employed in calculating ISC values, represent both subjects’ arousal levels and specific characteristics of the music.ConclusionSubjects’ arousal values during music listening and music characteristics (tonality and tempo) affect ISC values, which represent the interest of a large population in music.
Insulin resistance surrogate markers and risk of hyperuricemia among patients with and without coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ghorbani Zeinab , Mirmohammadali Seyedeh Nooshan , Shoaibinobarian Nargeskhatoon , Rosenkranz Sara K. , Arami Samira , Hekmatdoost Azita , Mahdavi-Roshan Marjan 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAlthough emerging evidence emphasizes the associations between both insulin resistance and hyperuricemia with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk, no definite relationship has yet been established. In this respect, time-efficient and affordable methods to estimate insulin resistance (IR) status, and to predict risk of hyperuricemia, are needed. Thus, the goal of this investigation was to examine the associations between IR, as assessed by novel surrogate markers [triglyceride-glucose (TyG) and TyG–body mass index (TyG-BMI)], and risk of hyperuricemia in patients with and without diagnosed CAD.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from the medical records of 1,170 patients who were referred to the cardiology outpatient clinic. Medical records, anthropometrics, and serum analytes were determined at the initial visit. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid ≥ 5.6 mg/dL. IR was estimated through surrogate markers (TyG and TyG-BMI). Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between these indices and odds of hyperuricemia among patients with and without CAD.ResultsOverall, 814 angiographically-confirmed CAD cases (mean age (SD) = 52 (8)yrs) were compared with 356 patients without CAD (mean age (SD) = 48 (8)yr). There were positive associations between TyG and TyG-BMI indices and odds of hyperuricemia in CAD patients after controlling for confounders (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.60; 95%CI: 1.02–2.51; p-value = 0.036; and aOR = 1.83; 95%CI: 1.24–2.70; p-value = 0.002, third tertiles for TYG and TYG-BMI, respectively).ConclusionThe present findings suggest that higher levels of the IR surrogate markers, TyG and TyG-BMI, are associated with higher odds of hyperuricemia in patients with CAD. However, given the cross-sectional design of this study, the sensitivity and specificity of these novel markers could not be determined for confirming the diagnosis of IR and hyperuricemia, further studies are needed to determine such outcomes and to confirm the current findings.
Exploring the mechanism of Suanzaoren decoction in treatment of insomnia based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Wang Shuxiao , Zhao Yan , Hu Xingang 
Published: August 2023

Objective: To explore the functional mechanisms of Suanzaoren decoction (SZRD) for treating insomnia using network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods: The active ingredients and corresponding targets of SZRD were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database, and then, the names of the target proteins were standardized using the UniProt database. The insomnia-related targets were obtained from the GeneCards, DisGeNET, and DrugBank databases. Next, a Venn diagram comprising the drug and disease targets was created, and the intersecting targets were used to draw the active ingredient-target network diagram using Cytoscape software. Next, the STRING database was used to build a protein-protein interaction network, followed by cluster analysis using the MCODE plug-in. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, Integrated Discovery (i.e., DAVID), and the Metascape database were used for Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. AutoDock Vina and Pymol software were used for molecular docking.Results: SZRD contained 138 active ingredients, corresponding to 239 targets. We also identified 2,062 insomnia-related targets, among which, 95 drug and disease targets intersected. The GO analysis identified 490, 62, and 114 genes related to biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions, respectively. Lipid and atherosclerosis, chemical carcinogen-receptor activation, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction were the most common pathways in the KEGG analysis. Molecular docking demonstrated that the primary active components of SZRD for insomnia had good binding capabilities with the core proteins in PPI network.Conclusion: Insomnia treatment with SZRD involves multiple targets and signaling pathways, which may improve insomnia by reducing inflammation, regulating neurotransmitters.
Emodiversity evaluation of remote workers through health monitoring based on intra-day emotion sampling
Authors: Minusa Shunsuke , Yoshimura Chihiro , Mizuno Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIn recent years, the widespread shift from on-site to remote work has led to a decline in employees’ mental health. Consequently, this transition to remote work poses several challenges for both employees and employers. To address these challenges, there is an urgent need for techniques to detect declining mental health in employees’ daily lives. Emotion-based health assessment, which examines emotional diversity (emodiversity) experienced in daily life, is a possible solution. However, the feasibility of emodiversity remains unclear, especially from the perspectives of its applicability to remote workers and countries other than Europe and the United States. This study investigated the association between subjective mental health decline and emotional factors, such as emodiversity, as well as physical conditions, in remote workers in Japan.MethodTo explore this association, we conducted a consecutive 14-day prospective observational experiment on 18 Japanese remote workers. This experiment comprised pre-and post-questionnaire surveys, physiological sensing, daytime emotion self-reports, and subjective health reports at end-of-day. In daytime emotion self-reports, we introduced smartphone-based experience sampling (also known as ecological momentary assessment), which is suitable for collecting context-dependent self-reports precisely in a recall bias-less manner. For 17 eligible participants (mean ± SD, 39.1 ± 9.1 years), we evaluated whether and how the psycho-physical characteristics, including emodiversity, changed on subjective mental health-declined experimental days after analyzing descriptive statistics.ResultsApproximately half of the experimental days (46.3 ± 18.9%) were conducted under remote work conditions. Our analysis showed that physical and emotional indices significantly decreased on mental health-declined days. Especially on high anxiety and depressive days, we found that emodiversity indicators significantly decreased (global emodiversity on anxiety conditions, 0.409 ± 0.173 vs. 0.366 ± 0.143, p = 0.041), and positive emotional experiences were significantly suppressed (61.5 ± 7.7 vs. 55.5 ± 6.4, p &lt; 0.001).DiscussionOur results indicated that the concept of emodiversity can be applicable even to Japanese remote workers, whose cultural background differs from that of individuals in Europe and the United States. Emodiversity showed significant associations with emotion dysregulation-related mental health deterioration, suggesting the potential of emodiversity as useful indicators in managing such mental health deterioration among remote workers.
Nutritional quality of indigenous legume browse in southern Ethiopia: farmers’ preference and correlation of local valuation of feed value with scientific indicators
Authors: Abraham Getachew , Kechero Yisehak , Andualem Dereje 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDeveloping a technology for fodder trees and shrubs tailored to farmers’ preferences is best done with their input, perceptions, and interests in mind.ObjectiveThe research aimed to determine farmer preferences for indigenous legumes, fodder trees, and shrubs (ILFTS) and to examine the relationship between feed valuation and scientific parameters.MethodsA focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted with 10 farmers in each agroecological zone to determine the benchmarks for the preference ratings. The respondent farmers used the preference score sheet to rate all ILFTS on an individual basis. Twenty farmers with extensive experience in ILFTS took part in the preference score rating of each plant species in each agroecosystems. Dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), metabolizable energy (ME) and condensed tannin (CT) content of the samples were determined. The standard two-stage in vitro Tilley and Terry method was used to measure the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) of samples. Digestible organic matter in dry matter (DOMD) and ME values were estimated using standard models. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the variation among the species in agroecosystems. Tukey HSD tests were used for mean separation.Results and discussionsFarmers evaluated the ILFTS using a variety of parameters, according to the study (feed value, growth rate, biomass output, compatibility, and multifunctionality). The farmers’ ILFTS preference score on the evaluation criteria differed considerably (p&lt;0.05) with species in agroecosystems. The CP, ash, and ME values of ILFTS in the study were moderate to high although exhibited a wide variation among the species in agroecosystems. The CP content was above the minimum requirement (8%) to support the normal function of rumen microorganisms. Moreover, CP content exhibited a positive significant correlation with IVDMD, IVOMD, and DOMD, unlike CT and ADL which exhibited a negative significant correlation. Conversely, the DM, OM, CP, IVDMD, IVOMD, DOMD, and ME were shown a positive significant correlation with farmers’ feed value preference score, unlike the ADL and CT which exhibited a negative significant correlation.ConclusionsFarmers’ indigenous knowledge of feed value is therefore relevant for judging the nutritive value of the ILFTS and could complement the scientific indicators.
Overview of Probiotic Strains of Weizmannia coagulans, Previously Known as Bacillus coagulans, as Food Supplements and Their Use in Human Health
Authors: Fijan Sabina , Fijan Tamara , Connil Nathalie 
Published: August 2023

Weizmannia coagulans, previously known as Bacillus coagulans and before that as Lactobacillus sporogenes, is a spore-forming, lactic acid-producing, Gram-positive, bacillus-shaped bacterial species with several known probiotic strains, including GBI-30, 6086 Unique IS-2, MTCC 5856, LBSC (DSM 17654), TBC169, SNZ 1969, BC30, and T11. This review focusses on the health benefit of these strains. A total of 53 clinical trials were found to use various strains of Weizmannia coagulans. However, 19 of these clinical trials did not provide strain information. Clinical evidence has shown that supplementation with strains of Weizmannia coagulans resulted in statistically significant health effects in the probiotic groups compared to the placebo. Several health benefits of the Weizmannia coagulans strains were found including relieving symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, constipation, diarrhoea, and other gastrointestinal symptoms, function recovery treatment of non-fatty liver disease, after surgery or in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, quality of life and glucose- and lipid-related biomarkers related to overweight or obese participants or diabetic patients, absorption of protein or muscle integrity and improvement of peri- and post-menopausal symptoms. The main mechanism of action is the modulation of the intestinal microbiota and host immunity. However, in terms of several clinical studies involving small patient populations, others did not provide strain information. Larger, well-designed clinical studies are warranted to support the health benefits of Weizmannia coagulans strains.
Solid Precipitation and Visibility Measurements at the Centre for Atmospheric Research Experiments in Southern Ontario and Bratt’s Lake in Southern Saskatchewan
Authors: Boudala Faisal S. , Milbrandt Jason A. 
Published: August 2023

Accurate measurement of solid precipitation (S) has a critical importance for proper understanding of the Earth’s hydrological cycle, validation of emerging technologies and weather prediction models, and developing parameterizations of severe weather elements such as visibility (Vis). However, measuring S is still a challenging problem, due mainly to wind effects. The wind effects are normally mitigated by using a Double-Fence Automated Reference (DFAR) system to reduce the wind speed (Ug). To contribute towards addressing some of these problems, we have analyzed datasets collected at two sites, Center for Atmospheric Research Experiments (CARE) and Bratt’s Lake, located in southern Ontario and southern Saskatchewan, Canada, respectively, using several instruments. The instruments at CARE include two Geonor gauges, one placed inside a DFAR (SDFAR) and the other inside a double Alter shield (DASG), a Pluvio2 gauge inside a single Alter shield (SASP), a HotPlate, a PARSIVEL2 disdrometer that measures S and fall velocity (V), and an FD12P senor that measures S and type and Vis. The instruments deployed in Bratt’s Lake includes a similar DFAR system and DAS Pluvio2 gauge. The results show that for the Ug observed in this study (Ug < 6 ms−1), both DASG and SASP have similar collection efficiency (CE) of near 70%. The transfer functions (TF) for DASG and SASP as a function of Ug and also Ug, and V were derived. The TF developed for the DASG that includes both Ug and V showed better agreement with observation than just Ug alone. The TF developed for DASG at CARE site was tested using the data collected in Bratt’s Lake and correlated well (R = 0.86), but slightly overestimated the S accumulation by about 12%. The S measured at CARE site using all the other instruments were correlated well with SDFAR (R = 0.9), but the PARSIVEL2 and FD12P overestimated and underestimated the snow amount, respectively, as compared the SDFAR. However, the HotPlate captured similar amount of S as the SDFAR. According to this study, the SDFAR showed good correlation with Vis.
Patients from general practice with non-specific cancer symptoms: a retrospective study of symptoms and imaging
Authors: de Chiffre Jonas Michele Dorph , Ormstrup Tina Elisabeth , Kusk Martin Weber , Hess Søren 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundPatients with non-specific symptoms or signs of cancer (NSSC) present a challenge as they are a heterogeneous population who are not candidates for fast-track work-up in an organ-specific cancer pre-planned pathway (CPP). Denmark has a cancer pre-planned pathway for this population (NSSC-CPP), but several issues remain unclarified, for example, distribution and significance of symptoms and findings, and choice of imaging.AimTo investigate symptoms, cancer diagnoses, and diagnostic yield of computed tomography (CT) and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG-PET/CT) in patients on NSSC-CPP to improve the overall diagnostic process.Design & settingA retrospective medical chart review in a 1-year consecutive cohort (2020).MethodA total of 802 referrals were reviewed for diagnostic imaging in patients with NSSP from general practices, specialist practices, or the local hospital diagnostic centre responsible for NSSC-CPP.ResultsThe study included 248 patients; 21% had cancer, most frequently gastrointestinal cancer (27%). The most frequent symptom was weight loss (56%). CT had a sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 87%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 65%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 96%. For18F-FDG-PET/CT, the numbers were sensitivity 82%, specificity 62%, PPV 33%, and NPV 94%. Patients frequently underwent subsequent examinations following initial imaging.ConclusionThe findings were in accordance with the literature. Patients with NSSC had a cancer prevalence of 21%, most frequently gastrointestinal. The most frequent symptom was weight loss and, even as the only symptom, it is a potential marker for cancer. CT and18F-FDG-PET/CT were sensitive with high NPV, whereas PPV was superior in CT. Better stratification by symptoms or findings is an obvious focus point for future studies to further optimise the NSSC-CPP work-up strategy.
La relation d’insatisfaction
Authors: Dieterlen Pierre 
Published: August 2023

The relation of unsatisfaction.
Economists are often concerned with growth, inf requenlly with stagnation — now unfashionable : — never with regression. The gap is serious, for regression is the reverse of growth. How can the transition from growth to regression be explained ? Growth requires net investment, regression is due to net disinvestment. Regression may be absolute, or relative, when an economy grows less fast than its rivals. Relative regression eventually becomes absolute. In every economy there is a conflict between the conservative type of entrepreneur, who seeks to maintain a given economic structure, and the innovator, who qeeks to transform it by creating new needs in order to sell his new product. In a mature society, the former, exhibiting a prefe-rence for established structures, may easily stifle the taller and thus choke the flow of innovations which stimulate the economy’s growth. But needs in the stagnating economy continue to develop either under the impetus of earlier growth or because of the demonstration effect of foreign economies. Since the stagnating economy cannot satisfy these growing needs, foreign, more dynamic economies will do so. This leads to disinvestment and absolute regression in the stagnating economy, and the sequel is either social upheaval or loss of independence. A model illustrates the argument.
Le système fiscal et certains aspects de la croissance économique
Authors: Shoup Carl S. 
Published: August 2023

The fiscal system and certain aspects of economic growth.
The object of the article is to determine the effect of various fiscal systems on the supply of labour, risk and investment, the volume of government expenditure and of the public debt being given.
Income tax exerts two influences on the supply of labour : a «warning effect» making for a reduction of effort , a «payment effet» encouraging increased effort in order to compensate the loss of income due to the payment of tax. If the rates applied to the lower ranges of income are increased, and those applied to the higher ranges reduced, the payment effect is increased relative to the warning effect and the supply of labour is increased.
Income tax reduces risk defined as the degree of dispersion between the profit and loss of a speculation, but less than proportionally to the rate of tax. Consequently, it encourages speculation with little risk. But if the taxpayer has other sources of income and can deduct his losses, the risk will be reduced in the same proportion as the rate of tax and more risky investments will be encouraged.
Rapid amortization, allowed on the basis of income tax, encourages new investment but only if the rates of tax are high and the volume of marginal investment projects considerable. These conditions are not fulfilled during a depression. During a period of expansion the stimulus exists but is only justified if the production of consumer goods is excessive.
But changes in tax structure will only have effect on growth if taxes are sufficiently high to create a reaction on the part of the taxpayer.
Fiscalité et croissance économique : commentaires sur des problèmes choisis
Authors: Harris C. Lowell 
Published: August 2023

Taxation and economic growth : remarks on selected problems.
The influence of fiscal policy on economic growth, defined as an increase in real per capita income, is difficult to determine for it varies according to the economic and social conditions within which the tax system operates.
Still it can he shown that a high level of taxation affects both the extent of growth (by encouraging ploughing-back of profits) and its form (by encouraging certain types of activity). In particular, tax rates make it possible to shift in a desired direction the limit between market and non-market activities.
Progressive income tax is unfavourable to risk because of the absence of symmetry in the treatment of gains and losses. Progressive rates reduce risk stimuli as well as risk-taking capacity because of the amputation of previous profits.
In the United States, these effects are attenuated by offsetting losses over several years and in respect of several types of activity and by various exemptions (capital gains, for example).
As family concerns remain highly important in a market economy, inheritance taxes also affect growth. The payment of death duties implies a previous withdrawal of liquid funds, which reduces the firm's investment capacity, and can endanger its existence.
Taxes influence capital accumulation by their action on savings. Consequently, a greater degree of equality in income distribution seems to be irreconciliable with economic growth. But as it does give rise to «investment in men» it can contribute to growth even more than investment in things.
Finally, fiscal policy acts on capital maintenance, unfavourably during inflation, or favourably if certain net investment costs can be deducted as amortization.