bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harassment of game makers: Prevalence and impact
Authors: Kowert Rachel , Crevoshay Eve 
Published: January 2023

Background: Online harassment is a relatively commonplace occurrence in the video gaming industry and player communities. A lack of diversity has unquestionably contributed to the high levels of such incidences. Methods: In this paper, we take an exploratory approach, via a cross-sectional observational study, to evaluate the harassment of game industry professionals on social media. In this new sphere of growing concern, there is evidence of significant harm for game makers and their radius of impact. We will discuss the prevalence rates, nature of harassment, and the ways in which a lack of diversity has contributed to this phenomenon. Results: In total, 282 video game industry professionals completed the survey in its entirety. More than half of all participants reported experiencing harassment on social media (59.6%) and nearly all reported witnessing harassment happening to other members of the videogames industry via social media (92.2%). This harassment can have a significant impact on well-being, including increased anxiety (62.1%), feelings of isolation (37.6%) and increased depression (36.2%). Almost one quarter (23.8%) reported symptoms related to post-traumatic stress disorder. One out of 10 participants reported suicidal thoughts because of online harassment. A significant number of respondents (37.3%) reported that had to take steps to reduce their physical safety due to online harassment. Over half of all respondents saying they were targets of hate because of some aspect of their identity. Conclusions: The results indicate high rates of online harassment, both direct and indirect, among members of the gaming industry at all levels. Responses also pointed to substantial mental health and behavioral impacts of both experiencing and witnessing online harassment. Without large-scale action, this problem will continue to reinforce the lack of diversity inside game studios, pushing out marginalized employees due to a hostile work environment.
Identifying the core components and items to measure health workers' cultural competence in the Ethiopian context
Authors: Moges Belay , Semela Tesfaye 
Published: January 2023

Background: Cultural competence (CC) is a crucial attribute in attaining quality healthcare service outcomes, mitigating malfunctioning practices, and improving patient satisfaction. Studies suggested comprehensive CC assessment requires appraising existing CC tools to measure health workers’ CC in the Ethiopian context. Selecting existing CC tools, identifying sub-constructs, pinpointing demographic characteristics, and evaluating items are the study objectives. Methods: 20 cultural competence tools of 20 to 83 items, 1-5 sub-constructs, and 4–10 Likert-Type rating options were identified, to be rated by eight experts in three groups. Consensus based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) and test construction literature are used to develop raters rating codes to compute Inter-Raters Reliability (IRR). The first group of three experts was rated to decide the inclusion of CC tools, factors, and demographic information. The second group of three experts selected six CC tools and 65 items. Two experts in the third group further evaluated the selected items. Results: Reliability for the inclusion of CC tools, factors, and demographic variables were found to be 75%–87%, 50%–93%, and 50%–86% respectively. 13 items that violate test construction principles like absoluteness, endorsement, proneness to multiple interpretation, ambiguity and double barring were excluded. Cultural skill, cultural knowledge, and cultural awareness are the three most common sub-constructs. Cultural sensitivity, cultural desire, and cultural encounters are the least incorporated factors. Gender, age, language, department, patients encounter, education, and cultural diversity training are demographic variables to assess health workers’ CC. Conclusions: Items of CC instruments cover cognitive, affective, and skill domains as prominent dimensions of CC tools. The reviewed tools consist of items that violate test construction principles. To conduct CC assessment in the Ethiopian context, apart from refining and validating selected items, generating additional items is recommended.
Behaviour change techniques taxonomy v1: Feedback to inform the development of an ontology
Authors: Corker Elizabeth , Marques Marta , Johnston Marie , West Robert , Hastings Janna , Michie Susan 
Published: January 2023

Background: To build cumulative evidence about what works in behaviour change interventions, efforts have been made to develop classification systems for specifying the content of interventions. The Behaviour Change Techniques (BCT) Taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1) is one of the most widely used classifications of behaviour change techniques across a variety of behaviours. The BCTTv1 was intentionally named version 1 to allow for further revisions to the taxonomy. This study aimed to gather data to improve the BCTTv1 and provide recommendations for developing it into a more elaborated knowledge structure, an ontology. Methods: Feedback from users of BCTTv1 about limitations and proposed improvements was collected through the BCT website, user survey, researchers and experts involved in the Human Behaviour-Change Project, and a consultation. In addition, relevant published research reports and other classification systems of BCTs were analysed. These data were synthesised to produce recommendations to inform the development of an ontology of BCTs. Results: A total of 282 comments from six sources were reviewed and synthesised into four categories of suggestions: additional BCTs, amendments to labels and definitions of specific BCTs, amendments to the groupings, and general improvements. Feedback suggested some lack of clarity regarding understanding and identifying techniques from labels, definitions, and examples; distinctions and relations between BCTs; and knowing what they would look like in practice. Three recommendations to improve the BCTTv1 resulted from this analysis: to review the label and definition of each BCT, the 16 groupings of BCTs, and the examples illustrating BCTs. Conclusions : This review of feedback about BCTTv1 identified the need to improve the precision and knowledge structure of the current taxonomy. A BCT ontology would enable the specification of relationships between BCTs, more precise definitions, and allow better interoperability with other ontologies. This ontology will be developed as part of the Human Behaviour-Change Project.
High-performance layer-structured Si/Ga2O3/CH3NH3PbI3 heterojunction photodetector based on a Ga2O3 buffer interlayer
Authors: Wang Guibao , Pang Tiqiang , Sun Kai , Luan Suzhen , Zhang Yuming , Yuan Lei , Jia Renxu 
Published: January 2023

Organic–inorganic metal halide perovskite-based photodetectors (PDs) have attracted great attention because they exhibit extraordinary optoelectronic performances due to advantages such as a low trap-state density and large absorption coefficient. As a buffer layer,

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interlayer, and

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thin film. The effect of different

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layer thicknesses on the characteristics of a PD was studied, which shows that the responsivity first increases and then decreases with an increase in the

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film thickness; the optimized

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Jones, and 39 and 1.7 ms, respectively. This device has a better performance because

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and perovskite have a matched energy level. We believe our work could provide a new way to fabricate high-performance optoelectronic devices.
Clinical Outcomes, Patient-Reported Outcomes, and Economic Burden for Thai People Living with Chronic Urticaria (CORE-CU) in routine practice: A study protocol for a monocentric prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Chuamanochan Mati , Nochaiwong Surapon 
Published: January 2023

Background
Few prospective longitudinal studies have been conducted in Thailand to account for the long-term response to chronic urticaria (CU) treatment, clinical outcomes, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) among people living with CU based on routine practice. As such, a prospective longitudinal study will be conducted to better understand the long-term responses to treatment options and the burden of disease in Thai CU patients.

Methods and design
This study is a routine clinical practice registry-based, monocentric, prospective, observational longitudinal study in the northern region of Thailand. Adult patients in an outpatient clinic diagnosed with CU, including both chronic spontaneous urticaria and chronic inducible urticaria will be recruited for this study. The cohort will be collected and registered using the joint routine clinical practice data based on multiple datasets including claims outpatient and inpatient data, routine laboratory results, medication utilization, health care costs, clinical characteristics, long-term urticaria care and monitoring, and PRO measures. The point prevalence of adverse health outcomes will be estimated and reported corresponding to 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). The overall trend analysis will be analyzed to explore the effect of over time across the cohort time frame.

Conclusion
This prospective longitudinal study will report the clinical outcomes, PROs, and economic burden among Thai people living with CU based on routine clinical practice. Findings will provide comprehensive evidence and could facilitate best practices for CU care management for health care professionals, researchers, policymakers, and public society.

Trial registration
Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR, thaiclinicaltrials.org) registration TCTR20210706005. Registered on July 6, 2021.
Co-culture models of endothelial cells, macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle cells for the study of the natural history of atherosclerosis
Authors: Liu Martin , Samant Saurabhi , Vasa Charu Hasini , Pedrigi Ryan M. , Oguz Usama M. , Ryu Sangjin , Wei Timothy , Anderson Daniel R. , Agrawal Devendra K. , Chatzizisis Yiannis S. 
Published: January 2023

Background
This work aims to present a fast, affordable, and reproducible three-cell co-culture system that could represent the different cellular mechanisms of atherosclerosis, extending from atherogenesis to pathological intimal thickening.

Methods and results
We built four culture models: (i) Culture model #1 (representing normal arterial intima), where human coronary artery endothelial cells were added on top of Matrigel-coated collagen type I matrix, (ii) Culture model #2 (representing atherogenesis), which demonstrated the subendothelial accumulation and oxidative modification of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), (iii) Culture model #3 (representing intimal xanthomas), which demonstrated the monocyte adhesion to the endothelial cell monolayer, transmigration into the subendothelial space, and transformation to lipid-laden macrophages, (iv) Culture model #4 (representing pathological intimal thickening), which incorporated multiple layers of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells within the matrix. Coupling this model with different shear stress conditions revealed the effect of low shear stress on the oxidative modification of LDL and the upregulation of pro-inflammatory molecules and matrix-degrading enzymes. Using electron microscopy, immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, protein and mRNA quantification assays, we showed that the behaviors exhibited by the endothelial cells, macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells in these models were very similar to those exhibited by these cell types in nascent and intermediate atherosclerotic plaques in humans. The preparation time of the cultures was 24 hours.

Conclusion
We present three-cell co-culture models of human atherosclerosis. These models have the potential to allow cost- and time-effective investigations of the mechanobiology of atherosclerosis and new anti-atherosclerotic drug therapies.
Research priorities for nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Lelijveld Natasha , Wrottesley Stephanie V. , Aburmishan Dina , Hemler Elena C. , Fentahun Netsanet , Ali Zakari , Menezes Rachael , Roche Marion , Sharma Deepika , Wazny Kerri , Ross David A. , Sethi Vani , Mates Emily 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
A lack of data, intervention studies, policies, and targets for nutrition in school-age children (SAC) and adolescents (5-19 years) is hampering progress towards tackling malnutrition. To stimulate and guide further research, this study generated a list of research priorities.

Methods
Using the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative (CHNRI) method, a list of 48 research questions was compiled and questions were scored against defined criteria using a stakeholder survey. Questions covered all forms of malnutrition, including micronutrient deficiencies, thinness, stunting, overweight/obesity, and suboptimal dietary quality. The context was defined as research focused on SAC and adolescents, 5 to 19 years old, in low-and middle-income countries, that could achieve measurable results in reducing the prevalence of malnutrition in the next 10 years.

Results
Between 85 and 101 stakeholders responded per question. Respondents covered a broad geographical distribution across 38 countries, with the largest proportion focusing on work in East and Southern Africa. Of the research questions ranked in the top ten, half focused on delivery strategies for reaching adolescents and half on improving existing interventions. There were few differences in the ranked order of questions between age groups but those related to in-school children and adolescents had higher expert agreement than those for out-of-school adolescents. The top ranked research question focused on tailoring antenatal and postnatal care for pregnant adolescent girls.

Conclusion
Nutrition programmes should incorporate implementation research to inform delivery of effective interventions to this age group, starting in schools. Academic research on the development and tailoring of existing nutrition interventions is also needed; specifically, on how to package multisectoral programmes and how to better reach vulnerable and underserved sub- groups, including those out of school.
A meta-epidemiological study on the reported treatment effect of pregabalin in neuropathic pain trials over time
Authors: Cheng Emma T. L. , Cheik-Hussein Mohammad , Lin Noelle , Lewin Adriane M. , McAuley James H. , Harris Ian A. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Pregabalin is a drug used to treat neuropathic pain, and its use has increased substantially since 2007. Early trials found a strong treatment effect on pain for post-herpetic neuralgia and diabetic neuropathy. However more recent studies have failed to replicate these results.

Methods
This meta-epidemiological study aimed to assess change in the reported effectiveness of pregabalin in neuropathic pain trials over time, and if a change is present, determine any associated factors.

Data sources
We performed electronic searches for published trials in Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases; and unpublished trials on ClinicalTrials.gov, the EU Clinical Trials Register, and the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry with no restrictions.

Study selection
We included randomized, placebo-controlled trials of pregabalin for treatment of neuropathic pain in adults.

Data extraction and synthesis
Two authors independently extracted study data: sample size and mean baseline, end-point and change in pain scores with measures of variance, trial end year, publication year, clinical indication, funding source, country of study, treatment duration, treatment dose, mean age and percentage male.

Primary outcome measure
We defined treatment effect as the mean difference in pain scores between pregabalin and placebo groups at trial end-point and assessed for change over time using a random-effects meta-regression, adjusted for sample size, indication, treatment duration (weeks) and treatment dose.

Results
We included 38 randomized published trials (9038 participants) and found that between 2003 and 2020, the reported treatment effect of pregabalin decreased by 0.4 points (95% CI: 0.3 to 0.6; p<0.001) on an 11-point pain scale per 5-year interval, from 1.3 points (95% CI: 1.0 to 1.5) in trials conducted in 2001–2005, to 0.3 (95% CI: -0.1 to 0.7) in trials conducted in 2016–2020. The reported treatment effect was lower than the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of 1.7 points across all time periods, doses and most indications and was not found to be associated with study characteristics.

Conclusions
The reported treatment effect or analgesic efficacy of pregabalin from clinical trials has diminished over time. Clinical recommendations may need to be re-evaluated to account for recent evidence and to consider whether pregabalin therapy is indicated.
Tratamento de sementes de milho com bioestimulante
Authors: Gonzaga Benedito Alves , Andrade Christiano Lima Lobo de , Cabral Filho Fernando Rodrigues 
Published: January 2023

Os bioestimulantes, em função de sua composição, quando aplicados na planta podem promover uma série de alterações estruturais e permitir que a planta atinja seu maior potencial produtivo. O milho quando é estimulado seu sistema radicular promove a maior absorção de nutrientes inclusive nitrogênio que é um elemento chave na produtividade dele. O experimento foi desenvolvido no Instituto Federal Goiano Campus Rio Verde – GO, Brasil, na safrinha 22/22. Os tratamentos foram compostos levando em consideração a aplicação de bioestimulante em tratamento de semente e plantado em campo. Foram realizadas avaliações como: altura das plantas, número de folhas, peso seco parte aérea, peso verde da parte aérea, cumprimento radicular, peso radicular seco, peso radicular verde e clorofila. Mediante aos resultados encontrados foi possível concluir que os tratamentos empregados não influenciaram significativamente nas variáveis avaliadas, portanto são necessários mais estudos para corroborar ou refutar os resultados encontrados neste estudo.
Esclavizadas y “cosificadas”.
Authors: MENDEZ-MAIN Silvia María , Abejez Luis J. 
Published: January 2023

Entre los siglos XV y XIX, millones de mujeres africanas fueron esclavizadas y trasladadas a América en contra de su voluntad. La historiografía sobre la esclavitud y la trata de este periodo es amplia, pero sus historias apenas se conocen al quedar soterradas en el marco de fenómenos históricos considerados fundamentalmente masculinos. En las últimas décadas, la influencia del feminismo en la investigación histórica y el creciente interés por la microhistoria han promovido este tipo de estudios.
Este artículo pretende aproximarse a las mujeres negras esclavizadas, “cosificadas” y “mercantilizadas” en Xalapa (México) en los siglos XVI y XVII por medio del estudio de un grupo de estas mujeres denominadas “angolas” mencionadas en documentos notariales coetáneos, y con el ejemplo de una de ellas. Los resultados son una ventana a sus vivencias personales y colectivas, y muestran su integración por la fuerza en la sociedad novohispana.
Visibility, solidarity, and empowerment via the internet: A case study of young Portuguese activists
Authors: Campos Ricardo , da Silva Daniela Ferreira 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The last few years have seen the development of a new line of research around the relationship between digital platforms and activism. The influence of the internet and social media on the civic and political engagement of young people in particular has become clear. Digital platforms perform in this regard a set of functions crucial to activism in terms of communication, mobilization, and logistics. These are indispensable tools, especially to young people belonging to informal structures. Digital platforms have also been shown to facilitate emotional and solidarity networks thus fostering a sense of community and a strengthening of collective identities. In this article we aim at examining this aspect based on in-depth interviews with young activists conducted in Portugal during a three-year project (2020–2022). We have concluded that, especially in certain activism contexts involving social groups of neglected or non-normative identities, digital platforms function as a crucial empowerment tool. These are linked to the emotional support for and recognition of the identities of these young people, incentivizing the creation of fields of political and social intervention.
A multisite transition to nursing program: an innovative approach to facilitate incoming nursing students’ academic success
Authors: Schultz Celeste M. , Woods Rachel A. , Krassa Teresa J. , Carter Alisha C. , Leipold Catherine 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesEvaluate effectiveness of a multisite program promoting the successful transition of baccalaureate and graduate entry (with a prior degree) students into pre-licensure curricula. Faculty concern around nursing students’ successful completion of nursing programs and passage of the nursing licensure exam stems from challenges students encounter in core courses, study habits, and civility.MethodsOne hundred eighty-five students participated in a quasi-experimental pre-post-test mixed-methods study. Students completed content modules and open-ended surveys.ResultsMost students found the program helpful. Statistically significant improvements were shown in medication calculation, reading comprehension, and medical terminology. No statistically significant improvement was shown in anatomy and physiology.ConclusionsOur Transition to Nursing program shows promise and adds to proactive strategies in preparing students for a successful transition into nursing programs. Our innovative approach may serve as a model to nursing schools and colleges around the world to promote student success.