bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Altered prefrontal beta oscillatory activity during removal of information from working memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Boo Young Jun , Kim Do-Won , Park Jin Young , Kim Bong Soo , Chang Jin Woo , Kang Jee In , Kim Se Joo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is related to working memory impairment. Since patients with OCD have difficulty controlling their obsessive thoughts, removal of irrelevant information might be important in the pathophysiology of OCD. However, little is known about brain activity during the removal of information from working memory in patients with OCD. Our goal was to explore potential deficits in inhibitory function related to working memory processes in patients with OCD.

Methods
Sixteen OCD patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. We compared in prefrontal alpha and beta band activity derived from magnetoencephalography (MEG) between patients with OCD and HCs during multiple phases of information processing associated with working memory, especially in post-trial period of the visuospatial working memory task (the delayed matching-to‐sample task), which is presumed to be related to the information removal process of working memory.

Results
Prefrontal post-trial beta power change (presumed to occur at high levels during the post-trial period) exhibited significant reductions in patients with OCD compared to HCs. In addition, the post-trial beta power change was negatively correlated with Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory–Revised total scores in patients with OCD.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that impairment in the removal of information from working memory might be a key mechanism underlying the inability of OCD patients to rid themselves of their obsessions.
Go.Data as a digital tool for case investigation and contact tracing in the context of COVID-19: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Hollis Sara , Stolow Jeni , Rosenthal Melissa , Morreale Silvia Edith , Moses Lina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
A manual approach to case investigation and contact tracing can introduce delays in response and challenges for field teams. Go.Data, an outbreak response tool developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in collaboration with the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network, streamlines data collection and analysis during outbreaks. This study aimed to characterize Go.Data use during COVID-19, elicit shared benefits and challenges, and highlight key opportunities for enhancement.

Methods
This study utilized mixed methods through qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey with Go.Data implementors on their experiences during COVID-19. Survey data was analyzed for basic univariate statistics. Interview data were coded using deductive and inductive reasoning and thematic analysis of categories. Overarching themes were triangulated with survey data to clarify key findings.

Results
From April to June 2022, the research team conducted 33 interviews and collected 41 survey responses. Participants were distributed across all six WHO regions and 28 countries. While most implementations represented government actors at national or subnational levels, additional inputs were collected from United Nations agencies and universities. Results highlighted WHO endorsement, accessibility, adaptability, and flexible support modalities as main enabling factors. Formalization and standardization of data systems and people processes to prepare for future outbreaks were a welcomed byproduct of implementation, as 76% used paper-based reporting prior and benefited from increased coordination around a shared platform. Several challenges surfaced, including shortage of the appropriate personnel and skill-mix within teams to ensure smooth implementation. Among opportunities for enhancements were improved product documentation and features to improve usability with large data volumes.

Conclusions
This study was the first to provide a comprehensive picture of Go.Data implementations during COVID-19 and what joint lessons could be learned. It ultimately demonstrated that Go.Data was a useful complement to responses across diverse contexts, and helped set a reproducible foundation for future outbreaks. Concerted preparedness efforts across the domains of workforce composition, data architecture and political sensitization should be prioritized as key ingredients for future Go.Data implementations. While major developments in Go.Data functionality have addressed some key gaps highlighted during the pandemic, continued dialogue between WHO and implementors, including cross-country experience sharing, is needed ensure the tool is reactive to evolving user needs.
Cumulative social disadvantage and health-related quality of life: national health interview survey 2013–2017
Authors: Hagan Kobina , Javed Zulqarnain , Cainzos-Achirica Miguel , Hyder Adnan A. , Mossialos Elias , Yahya Tamer , Acquah Isaac , Valero-Elizondo Javier , Pan Alan , Nwana Nwabunie , Taha Mohamad , Nasir Khurram 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence for the association between social determinants of health (SDoH) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is largely based on single SDoH measures, with limited evaluation of cumulative social disadvantage. We examined the association between cumulative social disadvantage and the Health and Activity Limitation Index (HALex).

Methods
Using adult data from the National Health Interview Survey (2013–2017), we created a cumulative disadvantage index by aggregating 47 deprivations across 6 SDoH domains. Respondents were ranked using cumulative SDoH index quartiles (SDoH-Q1 to Q4), with higher quartile groups being more disadvantaged. We used two-part models for continuous HALex scores and logistic regression for poor HALex (< 20th percentile score) to examine HALex differences associated with cumulative disadvantage. Lower HALex scores implied poorer HRQoL performance.

Results
The study sample included 156,182 respondents, representing 232.8 million adults in the United States (mean age 46 years; 51.7% women). The mean HALex score was 0.85 and 17.7% had poor HALex. Higher SDoH quartile groups had poorer HALex performance (lower scores and increased prevalence of poor HALex). A unit increase in SDoH index was associated with − 0.010 (95% CI [-0.011, -0.010]) difference in HALex score and 20% higher odds of poor HALex (odds ratio, OR = 1.20; 95% CI [1.19, 1.21]). Relative to SDoH-Q1, SDoH-Q4 was associated with HALex score difference of -0.086 (95% CI [-0.089, -0.083]) and OR = 5.32 (95% CI [4.97, 5.70]) for poor HALex. Despite a higher burden of cumulative social disadvantage, Hispanics had a weaker SDoH-HALex association than their non-Hispanic White counterparts.

Conclusions
Cumulative social disadvantage was associated with poorer HALex performance in an incremental fashion. Innovations to incorporate SDoH-screening tools into clinical decision systems must continue in order to accurately identify socially vulnerable groups in need of both clinical risk mitigation and social support. To maximize health returns, policies can be tailored through community partnerships to address systemic barriers that exist within distinct sociodemographic groups, as well as demographic differences in health perception and healthcare experience.
Disease burden among refugees in camps on mainland Greece, 2016–2017: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Scales Sarah Elizabeth , Park Jee Won , Nixon Rebecca , Guha-Sapir Debarati , Horney Jennifer A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite the importance of baseline health data for evidence-informed decision-making, these data are rarely available for displaced populations. At the height of the European refugee crisis, most of those seeking asylum in Europe were from regions with high prevalences of communicable and non-communicable diseases. To create an epidemiologic profile for refugees in camps on mainland Greece, this study assessed the prevalence of 11 communicable and non-communicable diseases among refugees utilizing Médecins du Monde (MdM) in-camp clinics.

Methods
The proportional morbidity of selected diseases among individuals utilizing MdM services were determined from data collected at refugee camp clinics on mainland Greece from April 2016 - July 2017. Overall and age-specific proportional morbidities were reported. Differences in disease burden among refugees from the largest sending countries - Afghanistan and Syria - were compared using proportional morbidity ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Patterns in results were compared with disease burden estimates in sending countries and with findings from comparable settings.

Results
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) were the most prevalent outcome. Among RTIs, upper RTIs were most common, with a proportional morbidity of nearly 40%; throughout the study period, over 46% of children under 18 years had at least one upper RTI consultation. Musculoskeletal conditions (3.64%), were the most prevalent non-communicable outcome, followed by hypertension (2.21%) and asthma (1.28%). Afghans were 31.68% more likely than Syrians to have a consultation for at least one condition (PR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.25, 1.39). The proportional morbidity of RTIs was comparable to sending countries, but there was a comparatively lower burden of other conditions among refugees than literature estimates from sending countries.

Conclusion
Refugees utilizing MdM clinics in camps had higher burdens of communicable diseases - predominantly RTIs - relative to non-communicable diseases. Non-communicable disease burdens were comparatively lower than reported prevalences from in-country populations. These findings can be attributed to a range of considerations including differences in demographic profiles between sending countries and refugee populations and missed opportunities for utilizing clinical care. Further investment is needed to capture the health profiles of displaced populations to support evidence-informed decision-making processes in humanitarian emergency responses.
“Better start”: promoting breastfeeding through demarketing
Authors: Salem Mohammed , Ertz Myriam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This paper explores how demarketing strategies impact women’s breastfeeding attitudes, intentions, and behaviors under the moderation of time pressure and breastfeeding knowledge.

Methods
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey among 369 respondents is used to test the proposed hypotheses. The study's population includes all breastfeeding women in Palestine. Snowball and convenience sampling were used to choose study participants through personal connections and social media. Every respondent was encouraged to share the survey with their social media contacts.

Results
The data results confirm the positive effects of promotion, place, price, and product demarketing, respectively, on women’s attitudes, intentions, and behavior toward breastfeeding. These effects were reinforced by reduction in time pressure and breastfeeding knowledge. Furthermore, demarketing effects are stronger for younger, more educated, unemployed, and lower-income women.

Conclusion
The study is a primer on promoting breastfeeding instead of formula by means of demarketing strategies.
Uptake of HIV testing and its correlates among sexually experienced college students in Southwestern, China: a Web-Based online cross-sectional study
Authors: He Jinfeng , Cen Ping , Qin Jiao , Qin Weiao , Xu Xiudong , Yang Yuanhong , Wu Jinglan , Li Mu , Zhang Rongjing , Luo Tong , Lin Zhifeng , Huang Xinju , Ning Chuanyi , Liang Hao , Ye Li , Xu Bin , Liang Bingyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is becoming more common among college students in China. However, latest data on the prevalence and correlates of HIV testing among sexually experienced college students is rarely.

Methods
An online survey was conducted among college students aged 18 years or older using multistage stratified cluster sampling from 16 colleges. Data on socio-demographic, HIV testing, HIV-related awareness, attitudes, sexual education and behaviors were collected. Propensity score matching (PSM) and logistic regression model were used to identify factors associated with HIV testing.

Result
A total of 108,987 students participated the survey, of which 13,201 sexually experienced college students were included in this study. 1,939 (14.69%) college students with sexual experience reported uptake of HIV testing in the preceding year. The uptake of HIV testing increased for college students with a rising HIV knowledge score and sexual health knowledge. Being awareness of HIV-related knowledge (aOR = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.01–1.30), accepting one-night stands (aOR = 1.16, 95%CI:1.03–1.32), obtaining satisfactory sexual interpretation from parent(s) (aOR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.07–1.43), ever had unintended pregnancy (aOR = 1.78, 95%CI: 1.32–2.38), ever had received HIV-related preventive service(s) (aOR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.10–1.70), ever had participated HIV-related preventive services (aOR = 3.76, 95%CI: 2.99–4.75) and ever had anal sex (aOR = 2.66, 95%CI: 2.11–3.34) were positively associated with uptake of HIV testing. However, accepting premarital sex (aOR = 0.76, 95%CI: 0.66–0.88), accepting cohabitation (aOR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.61–0.92), occasionally discussing sex with parent(s) (aOR = 0.68, 95%CI: 0.50–0.91), and being with moderate satisfaction of school sex courses (aOR = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.58–0.95) were negatively associated with uptake of HIV testing.

Conclusion
The prevalence of HIV testing was relatively low. Participation in HIV-related services and high-risk sexual behaviors were important enablers for testing. Improving sex education for students, increasing HIV preventive services on campus, and improving family sex education are necessary to increase HIV testing among college sexually experienced students.
Association of spirometric restriction with mortality in the silicotics: a cohort study
Authors: Yang Shuyuan , Chan Chi Kuen , Wang Maggie Haitian , Leung Chi Chiu , Tai Lai Bun , Tse Lap Ah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Restrictive spirometry pattern (RSP), defined as reduced forced vital capacity (FVC) in absence of airflow obstruction (AFO), is associated with increased risk of mortality in general population. However, evidence in the patients with silicosis is limited. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between RSP and the risk of death in a silicotic cohort.

Method
This retrospective cohort study used data from the Pneumoconiosis Clinic, Hong Kong Department of Health that containing 4315 patients aged 18–80 years and diagnosed with silicosis during 1981–2019, with a follow-up till 31 December 2019. Spirometry was carried out at the diagnostic examination of silicosis. Lung function categories were classified as normal spirometry (FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.7, FVC ≥ 80% predicted), RSP only (FEV1/FVC ≥ 0.7, FVC < 80% predicted), AFO only (FEV1/FVC < 0.7, FVC ≥ 80% predicted), and RSP&AFO mixed (FEV1/FVC < 0.7, FVC < 80% predicted). The hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were computed using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for age, body mass index, history of tuberculosis, smoking status, pack-years, and radiographic characteristics of silicotic nodules.

Results
Among the 4315 patients enrolled in the study, the prevalence of RSP was 24.1% (n = 1038), including 11.0% (n = 473) with RSP only and 13.1% (n = 565) with mixed RSP and AFO. During the follow-up period, a total of 2399 (55.6%) deaths were observed. Compared with the silicotics with normal spirometry, those with RSP only had significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.44–1.85) and respiratory-related mortality (HR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.31–1.85). Notably, a higher risk of mortality was observed in silicotics with mixed ventilatory defects of both RSP and AFO (all-cause mortality: HR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.95–2.52; respiratory-related mortality: HR = 2.59, 95% CI 2.18–3.07) than in those with RSP only.

Conclusion
RSP is significantly associated with increased risk of all-cause and respiratory-related mortality in the silicotics, and patients with mixed restrictive and obstructive ventilatory defect have higher risk of mortality than those with single RSP or AFO. These findings emphasize the importance of recognizing RSP in the occupational settings, especially for the silicotic patients with mixed ventilatory defect.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Identification and assessment of differentially expressed necroptosis long non-coding RNAs associated with periodontitis in human
Authors: He Jiangfeng , Zheng Zhanglong , Li Sijin , Liao Chongshan , Li Yongming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Periodontitis is the most common oral disease and is closely related to immune infiltration in the periodontal microenvironment and its poor prognosis is related to the complex immune response. The progression of periodontitis is closely related to necroptosis, but there is still no systematic study of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) associated with necroptosis for diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis.

Material and methods
Transcriptome data and clinical data of periodontitis and healthy populations were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and necroptosis-related genes were obtained from previously published literature. FactoMineR package in R was used to perform principal component analysis (PCA) for obtaining the necroptosis-related lncRNAs. The core necroptosis-related lncRNAs were screened by the Linear Models for Microarray Data (limma) package in R, PCA principal component analysis and lasso algorithm. These lncRNAs were then used to construct a classifier for periodontitis with logistic regression. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the model. The CIBERSORT method and ssGSEA algorithm were used to estimate the immune infiltration and immune pathway activation of periodontitis. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to further verify the correlation between core genes and periodontitis immune microenvironment. The expression level of core genes in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) was detected by RT-qPCR.

Results
A total of 10 core necroptosis-related lncRNAs (10-lncRNAs) were identified, including EPB41L4A-AS1, FAM30A, LINC01004, MALAT1, MIAT, OSER1-DT, PCOLCE-AS1, RNF144A-AS1, CARMN, and LINC00582. The classifier for periodontitis was successfully constructed. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) was 0.952, which suggested that the model had good predictive performance. The correlation analysis of 10-lncRNAs and periodontitis immune microenvironment showed that 10-lncRNAs had an impact on the immune infiltration of periodontitis. Notably, the RT-qPCR results showed that the expression level of the 10-lncRNAs obtained was consistent with the chip analysis results.

Conclusions
The 10-lncRNAs identified from the GEO dataset had a significant impact on the immune infiltration of periodontitis and the classifier based on 10-lncRNAs had good detection efficiency for periodontitis, which provided a new target for diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis.
Expert-approved best practice recommendations on the use of sedative drugs and intentional sedation in specialist palliative care (SedPall)
Authors: Ostgathe Christoph , Bausewein Claudia , Schildmann Eva , Bazata Jeremias , Handtke Violet , Heckel Maria , Klein Carsten , Kremling Alexander , Kurkowski Sandra , Meesters Sophie , Seifert Andreas , Torres Cavazos Jorge Luis , Ziegler Kerstin , Jäger Christian , Schildmann Jan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of sedative drugs and intentional sedation in end-of-life care is associated with clinical, ethical and legal challenges. In view of these and of the issue’s great importance to patients undergoing intolerable suffering, we conducted a project titled SedPall (“From anxiolysis to deep continuous sedation – Development of recommendations for sedation in palliative care“) with the purpose of developing best practice recommendations on the use of sedative drugs and intentional sedation in specialist palliative care and obtaining feedback and approval from experts in this area.DesignOur stepwise approach entailed drafting the recommendations, obtaining expert feedback, conducting a single-round Delphi study, and convening a consensus conference. As an interdisciplinary group, we created a set of best practice recommendations based on previously published guidance and empirical and normative analysis, and drawing on feedback from experts, including patient representatives and of public involvement participants. We set the required agreement rate for approval at the single-round Delphi and the consensus conference at ≥80%.ResultsTen experts commented on the recommendations’ first draft. The Delphi panel comprised 50 experts and patient and public involvement participants, while 46 participants attended the consensus conference. In total, the participants in these stages of the process approved 66 recommendations, covering the topics “indications”, “intent/purpose [of sedation]”, “decision-making”, “information and consent”, “medication and type of sedation”, “monitoring”, “management of fluids and nutrition”, “continuing other measures”, “support for relatives”, and “team support”. The recommendations include suggestions on terminology and comments on legal issues.ConclusionFurther research will be required for evaluating the feasibility of the recommendations’ implementation and their effectiveness. The recommendations and the suggested terminology may serve as a resource for healthcare professionals in Germany on the use of sedative drugs and intentional sedation in specialist palliative care and may contribute to discussion on the topic at an international level.Trial RegistrationDRKS00015047 (German Clinical Trials Register)