bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
State-of-the-art Application of Artificial Intelligence to Transporter-centered
Functional and Pharmaceutical Research
Authors: Yin Jiayi , You Nanxin , Li Fengcheng , Lu Mingkun , Zeng Su , Zhu Feng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Protein transporters not only have essential functions in regulating the transport of endogenous substrates
and remote communication between organs and organisms, but they also play a vital role in drug absorption, distribution,
and excretion and are recognized as major determinants of drug safety and efficacy. Understanding transporter
function is important for drug development and clarifying disease mechanisms. However, the experimental-based
functional research on transporters has been challenged and hinged by the expensive cost of time and resources. With
the increasing volume of relevant omics datasets and the rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques,
next-generation AI is becoming increasingly prevalent in the functional and pharmaceutical research of transporters.
Thus, a comprehensive discussion on the state-of-the-art application of AI in three cutting-edge directions was provided
in this review, which included (a) transporter classification and function annotation, (b) structure discovery of
membrane transporters, and (c) drug-transporter interaction prediction. This study provides a panoramic view of AI
algorithms and tools applied to the field of transporters. It is expected to guide a better understanding and utilization
of AI techniques for in-depth studies of transporter-centered functional and pharmaceutical research.
Longitudinal Assessment of Virological Failure and Antiretroviral Drug
Resistance among Treatment-naive Subjects Living with HIV
Authors: Mendes Marcon Chaiana Esmeraldino , Schlindwein Aline Daiane , Schuelter-Trevisol Fabiana 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the etiological agent of
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is a serious public health issue. Therapeutic
measures have been successful in increasing the survival and improving the quality of life.
However, some treatment-naive subjects living with HIV present resistance-associated mutations as
a result of late diagnosis and/or mutant strain infections. The objective of this study was to identify
the virus genotype and assess the antiretroviral resistance profile based on the results of HIV
genotyping in treatment-naive subjects living with HIV, after six months of taking antiretroviral
therapy.

Methods:
This was a prospective cohort study on treatment-naive adults living with HIV attending a
specialized outpatient clinic in southern Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The participants were interviewed
and had blood samples drawn. The genotypic antiretroviral drug resistance profile was examined
in patients with detectable viral loads.

Results:
65 treatment-naive subjects living with HIV were recruited for this study. After six months
of taking antiretroviral therapy, resistance-associated mutations were observed in 3 (4.6%) subjects
living with HIV.

Conclusion:
Subtype C was identified as the circulating subtype in southern Santa Catarina State,
and L10V, K103N, A98G, and Y179D were the most common mutations found in treatment-naive
subjects.
A Comparative Study of Using Poly (D, L, Lactide-co-Glycolic Acid) and Chitosan Nanoparticle as Vaccine Delivery System for a Recombinant Fusion Protein of Newcastle Disease Virus
Authors: Vijayarani Kanagaraj , Arul Sundaram , Kumanan Kathaperumal 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
The more effective method of preventing many infectious diseases is vaccination.
Numerous infectious diseases that affect both humans and animals have significantly decreased as a
result of routine immunization.

Aim:
The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of in-house built chitosan and Polylactide coglycolic
acid (PLGA) nanoparticles coupled with Pichia pastoris expressed immunogenic fusion (F) protein
of Newcastle disease (ND).

Objectives:
Synthesis of biodegradable nanoparticles such as PLGA and chitosan offers a promising opportunity
as a vaccine delivery system.

Methods:
Chitosan nanoparticles and PLGA nanoparticles were synthesized by ionic gelation, and double
emulsion solvent evaporation, respectively, and the size was 38.6± 0.84 nm and 320 ±1.5nm, respectively.
They demonstrated good epitope integrity of recombinant fusion protein and in vitro release kinetics
studies have proved consistent release profile of protein

Results:
In vivo pathogenicity assay of separately injected nanoparticles has proved no abnormal signs
and mortality in chickens. Specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks were vaccinated with chitosan and PLGA
nanoparticles and a recombinant fusion protein of the ND virus. It was demonstrated that PLGA nanoparticles
coupled with a fusion protein of Newcastle disease virus conferred a marginally better immune
response than chitosan nanoparticles. Comparative study-based results showed that PLGA-based nanoparticles
proved a better vaccine delivery vehicle and generated an effective immune response without needing
further adjuvants.

Conclusion:
The present study is a scientific platform for developing the PLGA-based vaccine delivery
vehicle to improve immune responses against many infectious diseases.
Toxin-antitoxin Genes Expression in Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium
tuberculosis Isolates under Drug Exposure
Authors: Khosravi Azar Dokht , Savari Mohammad , Khoshnood Saeed , Shahi Fatemeh , Farshadzadeh Zahra 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Toxin–antitoxin systems (TAs) are highly conserved in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(Mtb). The TAs role in maintaining and disseminating drug resistance in bacterial populations
has been indicated. So, we aimed to analyze the expression level of MazEF-related genes in drugsusceptible
and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mtb isolates under isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF)
stress.

Methods:
We obtained 23 Mtb isolates, including 18 MDR and 5 susceptible isolates, from the Ahvaz
Regional TB Laboratory collection. The expression levels of mazF3, mazF6, and mazF9 toxin genes,
and mazE3, mazE6, and mazE9 antitoxin genes in MDR and susceptible isolates were evaluated by
quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) after exposure to RIF and INH.

Results:
The mazF3, F6, and F9 toxin genes were overexpressed in at least two MDR isolates in the
presence of RIF and INH, in contrast to mazE antitoxin genes. More MDR isolates were induced to
overexpress mazF genes by RIF than INH (72.2% vs. 50%). Compared to the H37Rv strain and susceptible
isolates, the expression levels of mazF3,6 by RIF and mazF3,6,9 by INH were significantly
upregulated in MDR isolates (p<0.05), but no remarkable difference was detected in the expression
level of mazF9 genes by INH between these groups. In susceptible isolates, the expression levels of
mazE3,6 by RIF and mazE3,6,9 by INH were induced and enhanced significantly compared to MDR
isolates, but there was no difference between MDR and H37Rv strain.

Conclusion:
Based on the results, we propose that mazF expression under RIF/INH stress may be
associated with drug resistance in Mtb in addition to mutations, and the mazE antitoxins may be related
to enhanced susceptibility of Mtb to INH and RIF. Further experiments are needed to investigate the
exact mechanism underlying the TA system's role in drug resistance.
Formulation and Evaluation of Quercetin-loaded Banana Starch Nanoparticles
Authors: Kumar Dharmendra , Sharma Pramod Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Aims:
Formulation and evaluation of quercetin-loaded nanoparticles

Background:
Nowadays, polymeric nanoparticles are one of the most chosen drug delivery systems for the treatment of life-threatening diseases such as cancer. Drug loading, drug entrapment, and drug release have been the challenges in nanoformulations till now. Various researchers are working to improve these limitations.

Objective:
Formulation of quercetin-loaded starch nanoparticles .Evaluation of drug loading, entrapment, size release, and activity of prepared starch nanoparticles

Methods:
In the present study, starch was isolated from a novel source, i.e., unripe banana fruit. Banana starch contains amylose and amylopectin in a certain ratio. Quercetin-loaded banana starch nanoparticles were prepared using the nano-precipitation method. Drug loading and drug entrapment were determined by different methods.

Results:
The enhanced water absorption capacity of prepared nanoparticles proved the breaking of intra-molecular bonding of amylopectin. In-vitro drug release of quercetin was found to be sustained for up to 12 hours from prepared nanoparticles. SEM was used to determine the particle size and morphology of prepared particles, which were found to be 67.67-133.27 and spherical, respectively. The antioxidant activity of prepared nanoparticles was evaluated by the DPPH scavenging model. The MTT assay for cytotoxicity studies was done using H661 lung cancer cell lines.

Conclusion:
In this research work, banana as a new source of starch was used to prepare quercetin nanoparticles by nano-precipitation method. The various factors of starch that affect the properties of nanoparticles such as water/oil absorption capacity, drug entrapment/loading, and drug release profile were studied. This study also revealed the effect of starch on particle morphology and size. The yield of prepared nanoparticles was lower than expected but particle size and shape were satisfactory. Prepared nanoparticles were evaluated for their antioxidant and cytotoxic potential. Finally, researchers felt the ratio of amylase and amylopectin were considerable factors in the selection of any starch for the formulation of any drug delivery system. This ratio affects the precipitation of nanoparticles, their properties such as oil/water absorption, drug entrapment, and loading as well as the drug release profile of the formulation.
Analisis Kemampuan Kognitif Mahasiswa terhadap Soal Matematika Model TIMSS
Authors: Safitra Muhammad David , Jayanti Regita Dwi , Shafa Shalshabilla , Putri Ratu Ilma Indra , Simarmata Ruth Helen , Nueraeni Zuli 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian memiliki tujuan untuk melihat analisis kemampuan kognitif yang dimiliki mahasiswa melalui soal pengembangan model TIMSS matematika yang sudah valid serta reliabel. Metode yang dipakai pada peneliti adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Deskriptif kualitatif yaitu untuk mengetahui penilaian mahasiswa mengenai dimensi, konstruk, dan bahasa pada soal, kemudian deskriptif kuantitatif dikarenakan pada proses pengumpulan data, penafsiran data yang telah dikumpulkan serta tampilan hasil yang disajikan menggunakan angka diperoleh tiga soal berkarakteristik TIMSS yang akan diuji coba lapangan kepada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Sriwijaya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, yang pertama kemampuan kognitif mahasiswa pada indikator 1 dapat dikategorikan sangat rendah. Kedua, kemampuan kognitif mahasiswa pada indikator 2 dapat dikategorikan cukup dan yang terakhir kemampuan kognitif mahasiswa pada indikator 3 dapat dikategorikan sangat tinggi. Dapat disimpulkan, bahwa Mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Sriwijaya secara keseluruhan rata-rata memiliki kemampuan kognitif yang cukup baik.Research have the aim to see the analysis of cognitive abilities possessed by students through the problem of developing a mathematical TIMSS model that is valid and reliable. The method used in researchers is descriptive method with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative descriptive is to find out student assessments regarding dimensions, constructs, and language in the questions, then quantitative descriptive due to the data collection process, interpretation of the data that has been collected and the display of results presented using numbers.there are three questions with TIMSS characteristics that will be field tested to students. Sriwijaya University Mathematics Education. Based on the results of the study, first the cognitive abilities of students on indicator 1 can be categorized as very low. Second, the cognitive abilities of students in indicator 2 can be categorized as sufficient and finally the cognitive abilities of students in indicator 3 can be categorized as very high. It can be concluded, that the students of Sriwijaya University Mathematics Education as a whole have fairly good cognitive abilities.
E-Modul Analitical Mechanics Problem Based Learning: Alternatif untuk Mengukur Kemampuan Berpikir Analisis Siswa
Authors: Prastowo Riyan , Adiningsih Endang Tri , Kaffah Rashinatun , Setiaji Bayu 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan E-modul Analitical Mechanics Problem Based Learning yang layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran fisika. Metode penelitian menggunakan bagian RD. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket uji kelayakan modul dan angket uji validasi. Validatornya adalah enam dosen fisika dari Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Soal-soal dalam modul ini telah memenuhi indikator kemampuan berpikir analitis berdasarkan taksonomi Bloom. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa modul Analitical Mechanics Problem Based Learning secara umum layak untuk digunakan pada pembelajaran Fisika. Modul ini memiliki skor kelayakan umum 4,3 sehingga termasuk dalam kategori layak. Hasil uji validitas soal diperoleh skor CVR 1 sebagai skor sempurna pada semua sub indikator. Jadi, himpunan soal dalam modul ini valid. Soal-soal dalam modul termasuk dalam kategori sangat berguna. Sehingga, baik modul maupun soal dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir analisis siswa pada materi Mekanika Analitik.
Pemodelan Faktor Lama Penyelesaian Skripsi Mahasiswa Menggunakan Analisis Regresi Dummy
Authors: Supriadi Nanang , Fajriyah Anna , Intan Suri Fraulein 
Published: May 2023

Beragam kondisi akademis mahasiswa mengakibatkan perbedaan waktu yang diperlukan untuk menyelesaikan skripsi. Ada mahasiswa yang dapat menyelesaikan skripsi tepat enam bulan sesuai dengan target akademik universitas, tetapi ada juga yang kurang atau lebih dari enam bulan. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi lama penyelesaian skripsi mahasiswa anatar lain adalah topik penelitian, jenis penelitian, jenis data, IPK, bidang keahlian dosen pembimbing, jenis kelamin mahasiswa dan jenis kelamin dosen pembimbing. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah mengkaji model terbaik untuk memprediksi atau menggambarkan lama penyelesaian skripsi mahasiswa berdasarkan faktor-faktor tersebut di atas. Beberapa faktor tersebut mempunyai bentuk data kualitatif (kategorik), salah satu metode untuk mengkuantitatifkan atribut yang bersifat kualitatif dengan cara membentuk variabel yang sifatnya artifisial (dummy) ke dalam model persamaan regresi dengan mengambil nilai 1 dan 0. Variabel dummy sering juga disebut variabel boneka, binary, kategorik atau dikotom. Sehingga analisis yang digunakan untuk menjelaskan hubungan suatu variabel tak bebas Y dengan menggunakan satu atau lebih variabel bebas X dalam tulisan ini adalah analisis regresi dummy. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diperoleh persamaan model terbaik dalam memprediksi lama penyelesaian skripsi yaitu dimana X1adalah variable besar IPK mahasiswa.
Kemampuan Berpikir Analitis Siswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematis
Authors: Mahyastuti Intan , Dwiyana Dwiyana , Hidayanto Erry 
Published: May 2023

Salah satu kemampuan berpikir yang penting untuk dikuasai oleh siswa adalah kemampuan berpikir analitis, karena dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi siswa sehingga mereka dapat mengembangkan kemampuan mereka sendiri. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan berpikir analitis siswa SMP dalam memecahkan masalah matematis melalui pemberian tes pemecahan masalah. Tiga siswa SMP kelas VII diambil secara acak untuk mewakili siswa berkemampuan analitis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga siswa tersebut masih belum dapat memecahkan masalah dengan sempurna. Sehingga tiap-tiap subjek yang dipilih adalah siswa yang dapat mendiskripsikan masing-masing indikator kemampuan berpikir analitis: differentiating, organizing, dan atributing. S1 tidak menunjukkan perbedaan dalam menjawab masalah walaupun telah memecahkan masalah matematika, S2 tidak hati-hati dalam mencari FPB, dan S3 dapat mengorganisir masalah tetapi hanya berpikir sampai jumlah dua angka dibagi menjadi kelas yang sama. Kemampuan berpikir analitis siswa masih kurang.
Internet-Based Behavioral Activation for Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alber Carolin Sophie , Krämer Lena Violetta , Rosar Sophia Marie , Mueller-Weinitschke Claudia 
Published: May 2023

Background
Behavioral activation is an effective treatment for reducing depression. As depressive disorders affect many people worldwide, internet-based behavioral activation (iBA) could provide enhanced treatment access.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate whether iBA is effective in reducing depressive symptoms and to assess the impact on secondary outcomes.

Methods
We systematically searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX, and CENTRAL up to December 2021 for eligible randomized controlled trials. In addition, a reference search was conducted. Title and abstract screening, as well as a full-text screening, was conducted by 2 independent reviewers. Randomized controlled trials that investigated the effectiveness of iBA for depression as a treatment or main component were included. Randomized controlled trials had to report depressive symptoms, with a quantitative outcome measure and assess an adult population with depressive symptoms above cutoff. Two independent reviewers performed the data extraction and risk of bias assessment. Data were pooled in random-effects meta-analyses. The primary outcome was self-reported depressive symptoms posttreatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines.

Results
A total of 12 randomized controlled trials, with 3274 participants (88% female, 43.61 years) were included. iBA was more effective in reducing depressive symptom severity posttreatment than inactive control groups (standardized mean difference −0.49; 95% CI −0.63 to −0.34; P<.001). The overall level of heterogeneity was moderate to substantial (I2=53%). No significant effect of iBA on depressive symptoms could be found at 6-month follow-up. Participants assigned to iBA also experienced a significant reduction of anxiety and a significant increase in quality of life and activation compared to the inactive control groups. The results remained robust in multiple sensitivity analyses. The risk of bias assessment revealed at least some concerns for all studies, and there was evidence of slight publication bias.

Conclusions
This systematic review and meta-analysis implies that iBA is effective in reducing depressive symptoms. It represents a promising treatment option, providing treatment access where no treatment is available yet.

Trial Registration
International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021236822; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=236822
Peran Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Widiartini Ni Putu , Aprinica Ni Putu Isha 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini mengenai peran manajemen SDM dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan. Tujuannya untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran manajemen SDM dalam meningkatkan kinerja karyawan di masa pandemi. teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi dan wawancara. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat diperoleh bahwa peran manajemen sumber daya manusia dalam meningkakan kinerja karyawan yaitu dengan cara mengecek kuantitas hasil kerja, kualitas kerja, menanyakan hal tentang keinisiatifan saat interview, ketelitian karyawan, kepemimpinan, kejujuran serta kreativitas karyawan. selain itu maanjemen sumber daya manusia selalu memberikan training kepada setiap karyawan setiap bulan untuk meningkatkan skill dan ilmu karyawan.

This research is about the role of HR management in improving employee performance. The goal is to find out how the role of HR management in improving employee performance during the pandemic. Data collection techniques used are observation and interviews. The type of data used in this research is qualitative. From the results of research and discussion, it can be seen that the role of human resource management in improving employee performance is by checking the quantity of work, quality of work, asking questions about initiative during interviews, employee accuracy, leadership, honesty and employee creativity. In addition, human resource management always provides training to each employee every month to improve employee skills and knowledge.
Spectral Characterization of Avocado Persea Americana Mill. Cv. Hass Using Spectrometry and Imagery from the Visible to Near-Infrared Range
Authors: Torres-Madronero Maria C. , Rondón Tatiana , Franco Ricardo , Casamitjana Maria , Trochez González Johana 
Published: May 2023

Remote sensing technologies, such as spectral imaging, have great potential for crop monitoring. Spectral systems measure the energy reflected and emitted by a surface, typically between the visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. This paper presents a spectral characterization of avocado (Persea americana Mill. cv. Hass) using spectrophotometry and spectral imaging. The study uses data from four avocado farms, which were collected in situ using spectrometers and GreenSeeker sensors and remotely using satellites such as Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2. The spectral signatures captured by the in situ and remote sensors were compared and subsequently related to vegetation indices. Spectrometry revealed differences between young and mature leaves, particularly in the 480 nm to 650 nm region of the spectrum, which showed color changes in young avocado leaves. The analysis of satellite data highlighted significant differences between Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 spectral signatures. These differences are likely due to several factors, including collection date, preprocessing, and spatial resolution of the data. Finally, the vegetation indices derived from in situ and satellite measurements displayed different scales. For in situ data, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values were around 0.9 for the spectrometers and 0.7 for the GreenSeeker sensors. However, the NDVI values derived from satellite data were around 0.4 for Sentinel 2 and 0.3 for Landsat 8.
Absolute instability of moisture-coupled waves on the equatorial beta-plane
Authors: MacDonald Cameron G 
Published: May 2023

The instabilities produced by a linear model of the tropical atmosphere
coupled to a prognostic equation for water vapour are investigated. For
parameter regimes relevant to the Indo-Pacific warm pool, the long-time
asymptotic behaviour of the unstable waves is found to be absolutely
unstable, so that the amplitude of disturbances will grow in time at
every point in the domain. Other limits of the system do not produce
this same behaviour at these length and time scales. It is shown that
the resultant long-time behaviour of the instability is characterized by
roughly equal roles for temperature and moisture fluctuations in setting
the thermodynamic tendency of the waves. Under the assumption of a
zonally varying flow, it is shown analytically that localized regions of
instability may be formed, again using parameter choices relevant to the
warm pool. The dynamics and thermodynamics of these local instabilities
show some correspondence with the observed development of the
Madden-Julian Oscillation as it propagates through the warm pool.