bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Status of US Patients With One or More Health Conditions
Authors: Zhang Xin , Vermeulen Karin M. , Krabbe Paul F.M. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Most existing research studying health status impacted by morbidity has focused on a specific health condition, and most instruments used for measuring health status are neither patient-centered nor preference-based. This study aims to report on the health status of patients impacted by one or more health conditions, measured by a patient-centered and preference-based electronic patient-reported outcome measure.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with one or more health conditions in the United States. A novel generic, patient-centered, and preference-based electronic patient-reported outcome measure: Château Santé-Base, was used to measure health status. Individual health state was expressed as a single metric number (value). We compared these health-state values between sociodemographic subgroups, between separate conditions, between groups with or without comorbidity, and between different combinations of multimorbidity.

Results:
The total sample comprised 3913 patients. Multimorbidity was present in 62% of the patients. The most prevalent health conditions were pain (50%), fatigue/sleep problems (40%), mental health problems (28%), respiratory diseases (22%), and diabetes (18%). The highest (best) and lowest health-state values were observed in patients with diabetes and mental health problems. Among combinations of multimorbidity, the lowest values were observed when mental health problems were involved, the second lowest values were observed when fatigue/sleep problems and respiratory diseases coexisted.

Conclusions:
This study compared health status across various single, and multiple (multimorbidity and comorbidity) health conditions directly, based on single metric health-state values. The insights are valuable in clinical practice and policy-making.
Genotypic variations of the CYP2D6 gene in patients with breast cancer treated with tamoxifen: case series
Authors: Sua Luz Fernanda , Castillo Andrés Orlando , Rodriguez Lisa Ximena , Fernández-Trujillo Liliana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Tamoxifen plays a key role in hormone therapy for patients with breast cancer. However, studies have reported inconsistent responses to the drug because of different factors. Among these, allelic variants of cytochrome P450 genes are important. This study aims to determine the polymorphic variants of CYP2D6 gene in patients with breast cancer who underwent tamoxifen hormone therapy, classifying them according to their phenotypes as poor, intermediate, extensive, or ultrarapid metabolizers and describing clinical outcomes, such as time to relapse and overall survival (OS). This was a case series study conducted in 47 patients diagnosed with breast cancer, between 2015 and 2018. Whole-blood samples were collected, and DNA was extracted. CYP2D6 gene alterations were assessed. The mean age was 61 ± 11 years. Ductal carcinoma occurred in 85%, of which 42% was grade 2. The predominant stages of breast cancer were IIB in 26% and stage I in 32%. Extensive phenotype metabolizers were identified in 92%, poor in 6%, and intermediate in 2% of participants. Relapse was reported in 30% of participants, with metastatic relapse in 86%, which was more frequently identified in poor metabolizers. The OS at 5 and 10 years was 91%, regardless of phenotype. OS was 90% at 5 and 10 years for extensive metabolizers. Although the sample size was very small to make significant comparisons, it was observed that both poor and extensive metabolizing patients experienced some form of relapse. The OS of patients with the extensive metabolizer phenotype in this study is similar to that reported worldwide.
Design and testing of a simple quick connect for a prosthetic liner tether
Authors: Coburn Kendrick C. , Weissinger Mathew J. , Krout Adam J. , Hafner Brian J. , Garbini Joseph L. , Allyn Katheryn J. , Sanders Joan E. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
A limitation of tether lanyards is that fastening and unfastening the tether from the liner, which needs to be performed to clean or replace the liner, is difficult for some users.

Objective:
The purpose of this research was to create a quick connect that allows users to easily attach and detach the tether from the liner.

Study Design:
Mechanical testing and pilot study.

Methods:
A slide-and-lock mechanism was used. To operate the quick connect, the prosthesis user turns open the lock, slides it onto a short pin extending from the liner, and releases the mechanism, causing it to spring back to the locked position.

Results:
Mechanical tests demonstrated that the system well-tolerated tensile loads of 25,000 cycles at 100 N and single cycles at 350 N. Five transtibial users trialed the system and took between 2 and 30 s to fasten and unfasten the quick connect. They found the quick connect intuitive to use, secure, relatively quiet, and stable. However, they preferred their traditional pin lock over the quick connect system, mainly because the quick connect required a multistep procedure (twist-align-slide) that they considered more complex than operating the locking pin to which they were accustomed.

Conclusions:
In its current form, the quick connect is likely to be used by limited community ambulators who struggle with the pin lock donning procedure. It also has potential use with powered tethers that use a motor to adjust tether length.
A content comparison of 4 commonly used adult upper limb amputee outcome measurements with application of the refinements of International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health linking rules
Authors: Gül Hatice , Demirdel Senem , Yıldırım Şahan Tezel , Anaforoğlu Külünkoğlu Bahar , Baş Sevilay Seda , Çerezci Duygu Senay , Çınar Murat Ali , Keklicek Hilal , Bayramlar Kezban 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
The application of the refinements of linking rules to the outcome measurement methods provides an opportunity to obtain information concerning what the available instruments actually measure and how the instrument measures certain outcomes. The purpose of the study was to analyze the content of 4 commonly used upper limb amputee scales using the refined International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) linking rules.

Methods:
The Upper Extremity Functional Status module of the Orthotics and Prosthetics User Survey (OPUS-UEFS), Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scales, Southampton Hand Assessment Procedure (SHAP), and Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand were analyzed by 2 health professionals for a content comparison based on ICF categories. The Kappa statistic was used to calculate the degree of agreement between 2 professionals.

Results:
The scale questions were linked with 43 different ICF codes in this study. Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale addresses all ICF domains. All items of SHAP and most items of OPUS-UEFS were linked to the activity-participation domain. Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand items were linked with activity-participation and body function domains. The perspectives of OPUS-UEFS and SHAP are descriptive. The perspectives of Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand were descriptive and appraisal. The perspectives of Trinity Amputation and Prosthesis Experience Scale subscales were descriptive, appraisal, and needs or dependency. Estimated kappa values ranged from 0.44 to 0.91 for ICF codes.

Conclusions:
Most concepts in the scales were frequently linked to the activity-participation domain. We think that the results of this study will be a useful guide to clinicians and researchers in selecting relevant and appropriate outcome measurements for upper limb amputee rehabilitation.
Lung Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Ohno Yoshiharu , Ozawa Yoshiyuki , Nagata Hiroyuki , Ueda Takahiro , Yoshikawa Takeshi , Takenaka Daisuke , Koyama Hisanobu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Since lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) became clinically available, limited clinical utility has been suggested for applying MRI to lung diseases. Moreover, clinical applications of MRI for patients with lung diseases or thoracic oncology may vary from country to country due to clinical indications, type of health insurance, or number of MR units available. Because of this situation, members of the Fleischner Society and of the Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine have published new reports to provide appropriate clinical indications for lung MRI. This review article presents a brief history of lung MRI in terms of its technical aspects and major clinical indications, such as (1) what is currently available, (2) what is promising but requires further validation or evaluation, and (3) which developments warrant research-based evaluations in preclinical or patient studies. We hope this article will provide Investigative Radiology readers with further knowledge of the current status of lung MRI and will assist them with the application of appropriate protocols in routine clinical practice.
Endocannabinoid and psychological responses to acute resistance exercise in trained and untrained adults
Authors: Sirotiak Zoe , Gallagher Brandon T. , Smith-Hernandez Courtney A. , Showman Lucas J. , Hillard Cecilia J. , Brellenthin Angelique G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the effects of acute resistance exercise on circulating endocannabinoid (eCB) and mood responses in trained and untrained healthy adults. Methods: Thirty-two healthy adults (22.1 ± 2.9 years) were recruited from trained (reporting resistance exercise at least twice per week for ≥ previous three months) and untrained (performing no resistance exercise for ≥ previous three months) groups. Participants completed three sets of resistance exercise (16 repetitions at 50% 1-repetition max, 12 repetitions at 70% 1-repetition max, 8 repetitions at 80% 1-repetition max). Mood states, affect, and circulating eCB concentrations were evaluated before and after resistance exercise.ResultsThere were significant decreases in AEA, PEA, and OEA levels following acute resistance exercise (p <0.05), with no significant group differences or group by time interactions. 2-AG did not change significantly. Positive affect increased significantly following resistance exercise (p =0.009), while negative affect decreased (p <0.001). Depression, anger, confusion, and total mood disturbance decreased significantly (p <0.05), while vigor increased significantly following resistance exercise (p =0.005). There were no significant group differences or group by time interactions for any psychological outcomes.ConclusionThese results indicate that acute resistance exercise may reduce eCB and related lipid concentrations, which is opposite to the increase in lipids typically observed with acute aerobic exercise. Furthermore, psychological improvements occur after resistance exercise regardless of decreases in eCBs, supporting the notion that psychological changes with exercise likely occur through a wide variety of biological and environmental mechanisms.
SMARTdb: An Integrated Database for Exploring Single-cell Multi-omics Data of Reproductive Medicine
Authors: Liu Zekai , Yuan Zhen , Guo Yunlei , Wang Ruilin , Guan Yusheng , Wang Zhanglian , Chen Yunan , Wang Tianlu , Jiang Meining , Bian Shuhui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSingle-cell multi-omics sequencing has greatly accelerated reproductive research in recent years, and the data are continually growing. However, utilizing these data resources is challenging for wet-lab researchers. A comprehensive platform for exploring single-cell multi-omics data related to reproduction is urgently needed. Here we introduce SMARTdb (single-cell multi-omics atlas of reproduction), which is an integrative and user-friendly platform for exploring molecular dynamics of reproductive development, aging, and disease, covering multi-omics, multi-species, and multi-stage data. We have curated and analyzed single-cell transcriptome and epigenome data of over 2.0 million cells from 6 species across whole lifespan. A series of powerful functionalities are provided, such as “Query gene expression”, “DIY expression plot”, “DNA methylation plot”, and “Epigenome browser”. With SMARTdb, we found that the male germ-cell-specific expression pattern ofRPL39LandRPL10Lis conserved between human and other model animals. Moreover, DNA hypomethylation and open chromatin may regulate the specific expression pattern ofRPL39Lcollectively in both male and female germ cells. In summary, SMARTdb is a powerful platform for convenient data mining and gaining novel insights into reproductive development, aging, and disease. SMARTdb is publicly available athttps://smart-db.cn.
Unlocking the Genetic Landscape: Enhanced Insights into Sweet Sorghum Genomes through Comprehensive superTranscriptomic Analysis
Authors: Nikhil Shinde , Mohideen Habeeb Shaikh , Raja NS 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSweet sorghum has gained global significance as a versatile crop for food, fodder, and biofuel. Department of Agriculture, USA declared sorghum a sweet alternative for corn and sugarcane for biofuel production. Its cultivated varieties, along with their wild counterparts, contribute to the core genetic pool. We harnessed 223 publicly available RNA-seq datasets from sweet sorghum to construct the superTranscriptome and analyze gene structure. This approach yielded 45,864 Representative Transcript Assemblies (RTA) that showcased intriguing Presence-Absence Variation (PAV) across 15 existing sorghum genomes, even incorporating one wild progenitor. We identified 301 superTranscripts exclusive to sweet sorghum, encompassing elements such as hexokinases, cytochromes, select lncRNAs, and histones. Moreover, this study enriched sweet sorghum annotations with 2,802 newly identified protein-coding genes, including 559 encoding diverse transcription factors (TFs). This study unveiled 10,059 superTranscripts associated with various non-coding RNAs. The Rio variety displayed elevated expression of light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) and reduced expression of Metallothioneins during internode growth, suggesting the influence of photosynthesis and metal ion transport on sugar accumulation. Intriguingly, specific lncRNAs exhibited significant expression shifts in Rio during internode development, possibly implying their role in sugar accumulation. We validated the superTranscriptome against the Sweet Sorghum Reference Genome (SSRG) using Differential Exon Usage (DEU) and Differential Gene Expression (DGE), which yielded superior estimations. This study underscores the superTranscriptome’s utility in unraveling fundamental sorghum mechanisms, enhancing genome annotations, and offering a potential alternative to the reference genome.Significance StatementThe comprehensive superTranscriptome of seven sweet sorghum genotypes revealed 45,864 genes, including 28.27% novel ones, predominantly comprising non-coding RNAs. Distributing core, dispensable, and cloud genes across 15 sorghum genomes differentiated common genes from cultivar-specific ones. superTranscriptome enhanced the annotation of 14 sorghum genomes with new genes/exons and effectively utilized RNA-seq data to annotate reference genomes. It identified presence/absence variations and non-coding genes and could be a potential alternative to the reference genome.
Adult Mouse Leptomeninges Exhibit Regional and Age-related Cellular Heterogeneity Implicating Mental Disorders
Authors: Allen Christina A. , Goderie Susan K. , Liu Mo , Kiehl Thomas R. , Farjood Farhad , Wang Yue , Boles Nathan C. , Temple Sally 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe leptomeninges envelop the central nervous system (CNS) and contribute to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production and homeostasis. We analyzed the meninges overlying the anterior or posterior forebrain in the adult mouse by single nuclear RNA-sequencing (snucRNA-seq). This revealed regional differences in fibroblast and endothelial cell composition and gene expression. Surprisingly, these non-neuronal cells co-expressed genes implicated in neural functions. The regional differences changed with aging, from 3 to 18 months. Cytokine analysis revealed specific soluble factor production from anterior vs posterior meninges that also altered with age. Secreted factors from the leptomeninges from different regions and ages differentially impacted the survival of anterior or posterior cortical neuronal subsets, neuron morphology, and glia proliferation. These findings suggest that meningeal dysfunction in different brain regions could contribute to specific neural pathologies. The disease-associations of meningeal cell genes differentially expressed with region and age were significantly enriched for mental and substance abuse disorders.
The first report on the use of a zona pellucida binding assay to compare the effects of European bison (Bison bonasus) epididymal spermatozoa cryopreservation in two different extenders
Authors: Eberhardt Maria , Colombo Martina , Prochowska Sylwia , Luvoni Gaia C. , Olech Wanda , Niżański Wojciech 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe wisent (or European bison) Bison bonasus is a species that has gone through a bottleneck, resulting in a narrow gene pool of the current population. Presently, the protection program for this species, in addition to protecting the habitat, is aimed at preserving gene pool. One of its elements is creating a bank of gametes with the intention of using them in constantly developed Assisted Reproductive Techniques in this species. In order to use the potential of the gametes stored in the bank as effectively as possible, it is extremely important to assess their post-freezing quality. Wisent epididymal spermatozoa stored in the bank are evaluated using basic semen analysis methods, the CASA system and flow cytometry. So far, functional tests of spermatozoa have not been introduced to the evaluation protocol of spermatozoa obtained post mortem from European bison. This article, for the first time describes the use of the zona pellucida binding test to assess the quality of cryopreserved wisent epididymal spermatozoa. Due to the close relationship between the species, the Zona binding Assay protocol developed for cattle was used. To exclude the influence of the composition of the extender used for cryopreservation, the spermatozoa were cryopreserved in the Extender based on Tris buffer, egg yolk and glycerol and in the commercial extender Andromed®. Regardless of the diluent used, 100% of the oocytes had sperm attached. The average number of spermatozoa attached to the oocyte was 66.26 for the Tris-based diluent group and 27.37 for the Andromed®- frozen group. The advantage of the Tris based extender resulted from ZBA seems to coincide with the results of the basic and advanced semen evaluation. The conducted experiment showed that the ZBA protocol developed for cattle is suitable for the evaluation of wisent epididymal spermatozoa.
Altered hepatic metabolism mediates sepsis preventive effects of reduced glucose supply in infected preterm newborns
Authors: Bæk Ole , Muk Tik , Wu Ziyuan , Ye Yongxin , Khakimov Bekzod , Casano Alessandra Maria , Gangadharan Bagirath , Bilic Ivan , Brunse Anders , Sangild Per Torp , Nguyen Duc Ninh 
Published: September 2023

SummaryPreterm infants are susceptible to neonatal sepsis, a syndrome of pro-inflammatory activity, organ damage and altered metabolism following infection. Given the unique metabolic challenges and poor glucose regulatory capacity of preterm infants, their glucose intake during infection may have a high impact on the degree metabolism dysregulation and organ damage. Using a preterm pig model of neonatal sepsis, we previously showed that a drastic restriction in glucose supply during infection protects against sepsis via suppression of glycolysis-induced inflammation, but results in severe hypoglycemia. Now we explored clinically relevant options of reducing glucose intake to decrease sepsis risk, without causing hypoglycemia and further explore the involvement of the liver in these protective effects. We found that a reduced glucose regime during infection increased survival via reduced pro-inflammatory response, while maintaining normoglycemia. Mechanistically, this intervention enhanced hepatic oxidative phosphorylation and possibly gluconeogenesis, and dampened both circulating and hepatic inflammation. However, switching from a high to a reduced glucose supply after debut of clinical symptoms did not prevent sepsis, suggesting metabolic conditions at the start of infection are key in driving the outcome. Finally, an early therapy with purified human inter-alpha inhibitor protein, a liver derived anti-inflammatory protein, partially reversed the effects of low parenteral glucose provision, likely by inhibiting neutrophil functions that mediate pathogen clearance.Our findings suggest a clinically relevant regime of reduced glucose supply for infected preterm infants could prevent or delay the development of sepsis in vulnerable neonates.
Temperature, phenology, and plant defenses predict fitness near colder range limit
Authors: Anstett Daniel N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe space for time substitution posits that warmer locations can provide a source of genetic variation that could be adaptive for future climate change conditions. While this approximation might be useful for planning assisted gene flow, it relies on the importance of abiotic adaptations over biotic ones. Here I address this gap by assessing influence of anti-herbivore defenses, phenology, and morphology on the seed production of 146 populations ofOenothera biennisclose to the plant’s cold range limit. Genotypes from 2.1° South of the common garden produce more seeds than most northern lineages. Adaptations across space are a suitable substitute for climate change, but there is still substantial fitness variability. These differences were best explained by bolt date, flowering time, and greater defenses against herbivores. Given the impacts of climate change, plant defenses might already be of similar adaptive importance to phenology close to northern rage limits.
Coding of self and environment by Pacinian neurons in freely moving animals
Authors: Turecek Josef , Ginty David D. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryPacinian corpuscle neurons are specialized low-threshold mechanoreceptors (LTMRs) that are tuned to detect high-frequency vibration (∼40-2000 Hz), however it is unclear how Pacinians and other LTMRs encode mechanical forces encountered during naturalistic behavior. Here, we developed methods to record LTMRs in awake, freely moving mice. We find that Pacinians, but not other LTMRs, encode subtle vibrations of surfaces encountered by the animal, including low-amplitude vibrations initiated over two meters away. Strikingly, Pacinians are also highly active during a wide variety of natural behaviors, including walking, grooming, digging, and climbing. Pacinians in the hindlimb are sensitive enough to be activated by forelimb- or upper-body-dominant behaviors. Finally, we find that Pacinian LTMRs have diverse tuning and sensitivity. Our findings suggest a Pacinian population code for the representation of vibro-tactile features generated by self-initiated movements and low-amplitude environmental vibrations emanating from distant locations.