bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peer Support Self-Management Intervention for Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes in Rural Primary Care Settings: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Zhong Xuefeng , Li Shaohua , Luo Meng , Ma Xinyu , Fisher Edwin B 
Published: July 2023

Background
The increasing prevalence of diabetes is placing important demands on the Chinese health care system. Providing self-management programs to the fast-growing number of people with diabetes presents an urgent need in rural primary care settings in China. Peer support has demonstrated effectiveness in improving self-management for individuals with diabetes in urban communities in China. A priority then becomes developing and evaluating a peer support program in primary care settings in rural communities of China and determining whether it is feasible and acceptable.

Objective
The aims of this study are (1) to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a peer support approach to type 2 diabetes self-management in rural primary care settings; (2) to identify enabler and facilitator factors likely to influence the peer support implementation; (3) to provide primary data and evidence for developing a version of the program suitable for a randomized controlled trial in rural primary care settings.

Methods
Three townships will be sampled from 3 different counties of Anhui province as the study setting. Participants will be recruited based on these counties’ local primary care health record system. The peer supporters will be recruited from among the participants. The peer support program will be led by peer supporters who have completed 12 hours of training. It will be guided by primary care providers. The program will include biweekly meetings over 3 months with varied peer support contacts between meetings to encourage the implementation of diabetes self-management. Mixed methods will be used for evaluation. Qualitative methods will be used to collect information from health care system professionals, individuals with diabetes, and peer supporters. Quantitative methods will be used to collect baseline data and data at the end of the 3-month intervention regarding psychosocial factors and self-management practices.

Results
The results will include (1) quantitative baseline data that will characterize type 2 diabetes self-management practices of individuals with diabetes; (2) qualitative data that will identify enablers of and barriers to self-management practices for individuals with type 2 diabetes in rural communities; (3) both qualitative and quantitative evaluation data, after the 3-month intervention, to demonstrate the feasibility and acceptability of the peer support approach for individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions
Our findings will inform the design of a tailored intervention program to improve self-management among individuals with type 2 diabetes in rural primary care settings. If we find that the peer support approach is feasible and acceptable, we will develop a larger randomized controlled trial to evaluate effectiveness in multiple rural settings in the province.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/47822
THE EFFECTIVITY OF THE APPLICATION TECHNICAL PROBING PROMPTING ON STORY PROBLEMS IS REVIEWED FROM MATHEMATICAL CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS TO HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT
Authors: Suhendar Dede 
Published: July 2023

This article present the results of research in the form of effectiveness using probing prompting techniques and experimental research methods with desain pre experimental : one-shot case study design byÂ purposive sampling conducted on class X students in the 2018/2019 academic year on mathematical questions in the form of story problems. While the objectives of this study include exposing the effectiveness of mathematical creative thinking abilities of students using probing promting techniques, obtaining a number of descriptions of students problems in the process of creative thinking in mathematical questions form of story matter. Based on data analysis the results of the study showed that the percentage of students who have good mathematical creative thinking skills is less than 60%, so the probing prompting technique is not effective in terms of mathematical creative thinking abilities students.
The Role of Metaphorical Thinking on Studentâ€™s Mathematical Reasoning Ability and Self Confidence
Authors: Susanti Pitria , Sumarmo Utari , Kustiana Asep 
Published: July 2023

This research is a pretest-posttest experimental control group design having a goal to investigate the role of metaphorical thinking approach (MTA) toward studentsâ€™ mathematical reasoning ability (MRA) and self-confidence (MSC). The research involves 64 eighth grade students of a Junior High School in Garut Indonesia, an MRAÂ test, and an MSC scale. The findings of this research were:Â students getting treatment with MTA reached MRA at a moderate grade level, and students taught byÂ problem based learning (PBL) learning obtained MRA at a low grade level. However, there were no different grades on studentsâ€™ MSC in both teaching approaches, and those grades were at a moderate level. Students in both teaching approaches encountered difficulties in solving MRA tasks such as on analogical reasoning about determine the value of the function, solving two linear variable equations, and writing down mathematical models involved in a calculation. Besides that, there was an association between MRA and MSC, students posed positive opinions toward implementation of MTA, and they performed active learning during MTA lessons.
Enchancing Studentsâ€™ Mathematical Problem Solving Ability and Self-Regulated Learning by Using Realistic Mathematics Education
Authors: Rintari Rintari , Sumarmo Utari , Kustiana Asep 
Published: July 2023

This article reported the findings of an experiment research having a goal to enchance studentsâ€™ mathematical probelm solving ability (MPSA) and self regulated learning (SRL) by using realistic mathematics education (RME). Subjects of thisÂ research were 60 seventh grade students of a Yunior High School in Garut, and the instruments this research were an essay MCTA test,Â and a SRL scale. The research found that the grades of MPSA of students getting treatment with RME were higher than the grades of students taught by scienctific approach, however those grades were at low grades qualification. In addition, there were no different grades on studentâ€™s SRL.Â Beside that, stdudents in both classess still encountered difficulties on solving MPSA tasks, and there was no association between studentâ€™s MCTA and studentâ€™s SRL.Keyword: mathematical problem solving ability, mathematical self regulated learning, realistic mathematics education,
Mathematical Reasoning Ability and Resilience (Experiment With Senior High Students Using Inductive and Deductive Approach and Based On Studentâ€™s Cognitive Stage)
Authors: Maesaroh Siti , Sumarmo Utari , Hidayat Wahyu 
Published: July 2023

The background of this study is that the unsatisfactory studentâ€™s gradeÂ on mathematical reasoning ability (MRA) tasks.Â Even though MRA is an ability that needs to be possessed by high school students. To overcome this problem, we carried out an experiment for improvingÂ students' MRA and mathematical resiliency (MR) through Inductive -deductive approach (IDA) and based on studentâ€™s cognitive stage (CS). The research involved 68 eleventh grade students with 16.5 years old from a high school in Bandung Indonesia. The instruments of this study were the MRA, TOLT and MR scale. The study found that as many as 29.4% student were at concreteÂ stage, 51.5 % at transition stage, andÂ 19.1% at formal stage.Â Overall and based on studentâ€™s cognitive stage, the study found that the grades of MRA and MR of students who obtained IDA were better than the grades of students who taught byÂ discovery learning approach (DLA). Based on students' cognitive stages, there was no difference grades of MRA and MR in the two teaching approaches. Beside that, study found that there were no interaction between teaching approaches and cognitive stage on studentâ€™s MRAand MR andÂ the IDA tookÂ higherÂ role than the cognitive stage on obtaining studentâ€™s MRA,Â and MR.Â It was also found that students taught by DLA experienced more difficulty in completing MRA tasks. Beside that,Â there was moderateÂ association betweenÂ MRA, and MR, but there were no association between MRA and CS and between MR and CS.Â In addition, students performed active learningÂ during the IDA lessons such as to discuss acitvely, to solve problems enthutiastically, and to present their work in front of the class voluntary
Factors Affecting Mathematics Problem Solving Ability in Online Learning
Authors: Hidayat Azhar Majid , Jupri Al , Juandi Dadang 
Published: July 2023

At the beginning of 2020, a pandemic occurred in all countries, one of which was Indonesia and it had an impact on the learning carried out in Indonesia. Learning that is usually done face-to-face has turned into online learning.Â This study aims to determine the factors that affect online learning of class XI students on their mathematical problem-solving abilities. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. The population in the study was simultaneously used as a sampling (Total Sampling) with a total of 52 students. Data were collected through tests and questionnaires. Based on the results of research on the mathematical problem solving ability of students at one of the senior high schools (SMA) in the city of Bandung in online learning 50% has a medium category, so that online learning is going well, the problem only occurs in indicators checking and testing calculations or solutions. Internal factors and external factors have a strong influence during online learning.
Studentâ€™s Mathematical Understanding Ability on Solving Mathematical Problems in Terms of Adversity Quotient
Authors: Astuti Fhuzi Kartin , Aripin Usman 
Published: July 2023

Education is one of the learning processes to improve a person's skills and behavior. Mathematical understanding is the ability to understand concepts, the ability to distinguish concepts, and the ability to calculate complex situations or problems. Adversity quotient is the response of a person or individual when faced with problems or difficulties in his life. The main problem in one of the schools in Sumedang is the students' thinking about mathematics lessons, where this lesson is less preferred than other lessons. The method used by this study is descriptive quantitative. This research was carried out in the even semester of 2021/2022, in one of the regional schools in Sumedang, class VII totaling 15 students. The data generated from this research is in the form of an instrument, which consists of indicators of studentsâ€™ mathematical understanding and there are 3 questions on indicators of mathematical understanding. The methods of data collection in this study are as follows: 1) test descriptions of questions or instruments to determine studentsâ€™ understanding abilities, 2) direct interviews with students. Research results from student answers according to studentsâ€™ understanding abilities in terms of AQ, as follows:Â 1) The results of student responses in terms of Adversity Quotient as many as 3 Climber type students (high) the average percentage of studentsâ€™ understanding ability is 80%, 2) The results of students responses in terms od Adversity Quotient as many as 9 Climber students (enough) the average percentage of studentsâ€™ understanding ability is 5,77%, 3) The results of students responses in terms of the Adversity Quotient as many as 3 students Cumper type (medium)the average percentage of studentsâ€™ understanding ability is 15,1%.
The Effect of The Inquiry Method on Improving the Understanding of News Text in Junior High School
Authors: Nurilahi Muhammad Dani Setia , Mustika Ika 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of the research method in improving the understanding of news texts among students. The research method was carried out using an experimental method comparing the learning of class VIIIA students with the survey method as experimental learning with students in class VIIIB who studied using the lecture method as the control class. The survey was conducted in 2021/2022 at SMP Bina Negara1 Arjasari. Sampling was carried out using a targeted sampling technique. The sample of this study consisted of 60 students with the same curriculum background who did not have a particular cluster or had the same average score. The term evaluation test in the form of an essay test serves as a research tool. Methods of data analysis using tests. Based on the calculation results obtained tcount = 9.39 and ttable = 2.001 with a significance level of 5%. This means that the value of tcount > ttable. These results indicate that H0 is rejected and H1is accepted. Acceptance of H1 means that the hypothesis that the provision of research methods affects students' understanding of the message text has been proven.Â Â ABSTRAKÂ Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menunjukkan secara empiris efektivitas metode penelitian dalam meningkatkan pemahaman teks berita di kalangan mahasiswa. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen membandingkan pembelajaran siswa kelas VIIIA dengan metode survey sebagai pembelajaran eksperimen dengan siswa di kelas VIIIB yang pembelajarannya dengan metode ceramah sebagai kelas kontrol. Survei dilakukan pada tahun 2021/202 di SMP Bina Negara1 Arjasari Kabupaten Bandung. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik sampling bertarget. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 60 siswa dengan latar belakang kurikulum yang sama yang tidak memiliki klaster tertentuatau memiliki nilai rata-rata yang sama. Istilah tes evaluasi dalam bentuk tes esai berfungsi sebagai alat penelitian. Metode analisis data menggunakan tes. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan diperoleh thitung = 9,39 dan ttabel = 2,001 dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Artinya nilai thitung > ttabel. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Penerimaan H1 berarti hipotesis bahwa pemberian metode penelitian berpengaruh terhadap pemahaman siswa terhadap teks pesan telah terbukti.
Crypto Assets: Examining Possible Tax Classifications
Authors: Davenport Stephan A. , Usrey Spencer C. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Crypto assets are a diverse group of digital assets with different origins and uses that have become a widely accepted part of the global financial system. As the use of crypto assets has grown, IRS guidance related to their tax classification has not changed. Although the complexity of crypto assets increases the difficulty of regulation and taxation, the SEC and CFTC have asserted their authority and obtained rulings that challenge the current IRS guidance. In this paper, we examine the complexities of, and regulatory environment for, crypto assets to provide guidance on their tax classification. Then, we discuss possible tax classifications for crypto assets and the implications of those classifications. Our analysis of the complexity of crypto assets and their regulatory environment suggests that one tax classification for crypto assets is not sufficient. Allowing for different tax classifications provides more equitable tax treatment for users of crypto assets.
Depressive Symptoms Longitudinally Mediate the Effect of Hyperglycemia on Memory Decline in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kraal A. Zarina , Ellingrod Vicki L. , Zahodne Laura B. 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE
We sought to examine the mediating role of changes in depressive symptoms in the association between chronic hyperglycemia and longitudinal cognition in a sample of older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a longitudinal mediation analysis using structural equation modeling of observational data collected over 6 years from 2,155 participants with T2D (aged ≥51 years) in the U.S.-wide Health and Retirement Study. T2D was defined using self-reported diagnosis, and HbA1c was assessed at study baseline. Self-reported depressive symptoms were assessed at two time points 4 years apart. Episodic memory was measured using a list-learning test administered at three time points over 6 years. We adjusted for sociodemographics, chronic health comorbidities, medication adherence, study enrollment year, and prior years’ depressive symptoms and memory scores.

RESULTS
At baseline, participants’ mean age was 69.4 (SD = 9.1), mean HbA1c was 7.2% (SD = 1.4%), 55.0% were women, 19.3% were non-Latinx Black, and 14.0% were Latinx. Higher baseline levels of HbA1c were associated with increases in depressive symptoms over 4 years, which, in turn, were associated with poorer memory 2 years later. Depressive symptoms accounted for 19% of the longitudinal effect of HbA1c on memory over the 6-year period. Sensitivity analyses ruled out alternative directions of associations.

CONCLUSIONS
Incident elevations in depressive symptoms mediated the longitudinal association between hyperglycemia and 6-year episodic memory scores. For older adults with T2D, interventions to prevent HbA1c-related incident depressive symptoms may be beneficial in reducing the neurotoxic effects of chronic hyperglycemia on cognition.
Faktor Sosioekonomi dan Tingkat Aktivitas Fisik Remaja pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19: Studi pada Siswa SMK
Authors: Salmi  , Markuri Thesa Dwi 
Published: July 2023

Penerapan pembatasan fisik selama pandemi COVID-19 dalam dunia pendidikan berdampak pada pengurangan jam belajar di sekolah bahkan pengalihan kegiatan sepenuhnya dari rumah. Hal ini dapat mendorong penurunan tingkat aktivitas fisik remaja usia sekolah menengah atas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk faktor sosioekonomi dan tingkat aktivitas fisik remaja pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian merupakan studi deskriptif yang melibatkan 76 orang remaja berusia 16-19 yang merupakan siswa SMK dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Faktor aktivitas fisik berupa keterlibatan dalam pekerjaan orang tua dan cara berangkat ke sekolah diamati pada penelitian ini. Aktivitas fisik responden selama 7 hari diukur dengan Global Physical activity Questionnare (GPAQ) untuk melihat gambaran aktivitas fisik responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki orang tua dengan pekerjaan petani dan menjadi lebih sering terlibat dalam membantu pekerjaan orang tua pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Hasil pengukuran aktivitas fisik menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki aktivitas fisik pada level sedang. Adanya peningkatan intensitas membantu pekerjaan orang tua diduga mengkompensasi penurunan aktivitas fisik akibat kebijakan belajar dari rumah yang diterapkan pemerintah dalam menanggulangi pandemi COVID-19. Aktivitas fisik sangat penting dalam managemen indeks massa tubuh untuk mencegah berbagai penyakit terutama penyakit kardiometabolik.
Development video media using study strategies groups for facial skin care learning not problems beauty cosmetology SMK Negeri 3 Pematang Siantar
Authors: Fauzani Asrah Rezki , Ampera Dina 
Published: July 2023

Education in Indonesia is constantly evolving. This condition presents a challenge for learning, particularly in the realm of educationwhich functions to provide certain knowledge, insights, skills and expertise. To introduce an innovative teaching paradigm, it is necessary to develop teaching methods and media. In order to achieve innovative teaching goals, educators must have instructional media as a supporting tool or method for conveying material, so as to motivate students and enhance their learning. One of the media that can support the learning process by using visual media as an interactive learning medium is learning videos. The purpose of this learning is to develop and test the feasibility of a valid instructional media video on the No Problem Facial Skin Care competency. The objects of this research inlcude material experts, media experts and students of SMK Negeri 3 Pematang Siantar. The research method is developed by utilizing the R&D (Research & Development). Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The research results for the material expert validity test yielded a score of 92.53 percent, while media experts scored 89 percent, and it was determined that the use of interactive video learning media improved student learning outcomes. According to experts, learning video media is ideally suited for use as learning media competencies in No Problem Facial Skin Care.
ESPECTROSCOPIA DE INFRARROJO CON TRANSFORMADA DE FOURIER (FT-IR) PARA ANÁLISIS DE MUESTRAS DE HARINA DE TRIGO, FÉCULA DE MAÍZ Y ALMIDÓN DE YUCA
Authors: Daza Orsini Sandra Milena , Parra Aparicio Gina Patricia 
Published: July 2023

Espectroscopia infrarroja con transformada de Fourier (FT-IR), es una de las técnicas más empleadas para caracterizar los ingredientes alimentarios y detectar posibles adulterantes. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue la caracterización de los grupos funcionales por (FT-IR) de cuatro muestras de harina: fécula de maíz, almidón de yuca, harina de trigo con y sin edulcorante. Se obtuvieron espectros por duplicado, el análisis consistió en colocar una cantidad adecuada de cada una de las muestras sobre el cristal de diamante, después todos los espectros de absorción obtenidos en este estudio, se registraron en la región espectral de 600 a 4000 cm-1, con una resolución de 4 cm-1 y haciendo un promedio de 8 exploraciones. Los resultados obtenidos se analizaron en OriginPro versión de prueba para normalizar los datos y obtener los espectros, se determinó que las muestras de harina no estaban adulteradas, que están compuestas por hidratos de carbono porque los espectros mostraron vibraciones moleculares en la región de los 4000 a los 500 cm-1, sin embargo, en la longitud de onda de 3281 cm-1, se encuentra en común con todos los espectros. El pico intenso en la longitud de onda de 1000 cm-1 corresponde a una vibración de estiramiento del enlace C-O consecuencia de la gran cantidad de almidón, amilosa y amilopectina que contienen las harinas, al dilucidar la gráfica espectral hubo semejanza en la composición química de la harina de trigo, la fécula de maíz y el almidón de yuca.
EVALUACIÓN DE CARACTERÍSTICAS COLORIMÉTRICAS Y FISICOQUÍMICAS EN LICORES DE CACAO VARIEDADES SANTANDER
Authors: Vera Romero José Manuel , Castellanos Suarez Laura Johana 
Published: July 2023

*Autor a quien debe dirigirse la correspondencia Vera José E-mail: jmanuelvera@misena.edu.co

El cacao es un producto con grandes ventajas, que surge de la demanda interna y de aumentar la exportación de productos de chocolate, sin embargo; la evaluación sensorial del color del licor de cacao sigue siendo subjetivo afectando la comercialización e industrialización, por lo que las investigaciones se centran en encontrar materiales que sean de calidad de grano aceptable en los mercados nacionales e internacionales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las características colorimétricas y fisicoquímicas de los clones CCN51, FEAR5 y FEC2, las muestras fueron cultivadas y cosechadas en la sede aguas calientes del SENA en el municipio del Playón Santander, Colombia, y 18 mazorcas de cada clon transportadas al laboratorio de análisis microbiológico del Centro de Atención al Sector Agropecuario C.A.S.A del SENA en el municipio de Piedecuesta, donde se desinfectaron y se adecuaron, para realizar la extracción manual de la pulpa y dar inicio al proceso de fermentación y secado.