bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The polarization of microglia and infiltrated macrophages in the injured mice spinal cords: a dynamic analysis
Authors: Li Jing-Lu , Fu Gui-Qiang , Wang Yang-Yang , Bian Ming-Ming , Xu Yao-Mei , Zhang Lin , Chen Yu-Qing , Zhang Nan , Ding Shu-Qin , Wang Rui , Fang Rui , Tang Jie , Hu Jian-Guo , Lü He-Zuo 
Published: February 2023

Background
Following spinal cord injury (SCI), a large number of peripheral monocytes infiltrate into the lesion area and differentiate into macrophages (Mø). These monocyte-derived Mø are very difficult to distinguish from the local activated microglia (MG). Therefore, the term Mø/MG are often used to define the infiltrated Mø and/or activated MG. It has been recognized that pro-inflammatory M1-type Mø/MG play “bad” roles in the SCI pathology. Our recent research showed that local M1 cells are mainly CD45−/lowCD68+CD11b+ in the subacute stage of SCI. Thus, we speculated that the M1 cells in injured spinal cords mainly derived from MG rather than infiltrating Mø. So far, their dynamics following SCI are not yet entirely clear.

Methods
Female C57BL/6 mice were used to establish SCI model, using an Infinite Horizon impactor with a 1.3 mm diameter rod and a 50 Kdynes force. Sham-operated (sham) mice only underwent laminectomy without contusion. Flow cytometry and immunohistofluorescence were combined to analyze the dynamic changes of polarized Mø and MG in the acute (1 day), subacute (3, 7 and 14 days) and chronic (21 and 28 days) phases of SCI.

Results
The total Mø/MG gradually increased and peaked at 7 days post-injury (dpi), and maintained at high levels 14, 21 and 28 dpi. Most of the Mø/MG were activated, and the Mø increased significantly at 1 and 3 dpi. However, with the pathological process, activated MG increased nearly to 90% at 7, 14, 21 and 28 dpi. Both M1 and M2 Mø were increased significantly at 1 and 3 dpi. However, they decreased to very low levels from 7 to 28 dpi. On the contrary, the M2-type MG decreased significantly following SCI and maintained at a low level during the pathological process.
Numerical Study of the Thermal Behavior of a Hollow Block with Phase Change Materials (PCM) in the Sahelian Zone
Authors: Zoma Vincent , Kaboré Boureima , Ouedraogo Germain Wende Pouiré , Compaoré Jean Marie , Kam Sié 
Published: February 2023

In this work, we present a numerical study of the thermal behavior of a hollow block with or without phase change material (PCM) in the Sahelian zone.
The PCMs used in this study are RT27 paraffin and hydrated salt with a melting temperature of 27°C and 29.9°C respectively and a latent heat of fusion of 179kJ/kg and 184kJ/kg. The equations obtained were adimensionalized then discretized by the finite element method and solved on the COMSOL software. We were first interested in the study of the thermal phase shift, the damping and the evolution of the temperature at the level of the internal wall. In a second phase, we conducted a comparative study between hollow block containing PCM and other construction materials (adobe, BTC and BLT) used in Burkina Faso.
The numerical results obtained show that the temperature of the internal wall of a hollow block containing RT27 is lower than that of a hollow block without PCM, hollow block containing hydrated salt, BTC, BLT and adobe with respectively a temperature difference of 8.354°C; 3.39°C; 5.79°C; 3.97°C and 3.92°C and the difference in terms of phase shift is 1h18min, 6min, 24min, 42min and 6min for the hollow block containing RT27, the hollow block containing hydrated salt, BTC, BLT and adobe.
Therefore, the integration of PCM in building materials increases their thermal inertia.
Psychological Research Progress in Patient with Lung Cancer: An Overview
Authors: Zhang Tianle , Wang Jingna , Feng Xiujuan , Liang Rui , Jiao Wenyan 
Published: February 2023

(1) Through the research, the psychological problems of cancer patients provide effective nursing measures to provide theoretical basis; (2) By improving the psychological problems of cancer patients, and then improve the family care enthusiasm, so as to improve the quality of life of patients.
Methods: The literature with psychological problems of lung cancer patients as key words was collected through CNKI.
Results: According to the results of literature analysis, demographic factors such as age, education level, residence, family income, cancer stage, coping style and other factors have a certain degree of influence on the psychological problems of patients with lung cancer chemotherapy.
Conclusion: Different coping styles lead to different degrees of psychological problems in patients. Positive coping styles mainly reduce the psychological pressure of patients, but also have a positive impact on the treatment and recovery of patients' diseases.
Bicarbonate transport as regulator of antitumour immunity in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kay Emily J. , Zanivan Sara 
Published: February 2023

Bicarbonate transport is a pre‐existing mechanism of pH regulation in pancreatic ductal cells. In a recent study, Cappellesso et al. demonstrated that pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma metabolic rewiring creates an acidic environment, enhanced by bicarbonate import into cancer cells via SLC4A4. This acidity favours protumourigenic immunosuppression. Targeting SLC4A4 neutralises environmental pH and restores antitumour immunity, sensitising tumours to immune checkpoint blockade.
Untethered Soft Microrobots with Adaptive Logic Gates
Authors: Wang Zichao , Zhang Xuan , Wang Yang , Fang Ziyi , Jiang He , Yang Qinglin , Zhu Xuefeng , Liu Mingze , Fan Xiaodong , Kong Jie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntegrating adaptative logic computation directly into soft microrobots is imperative for the next generation of intelligent soft microrobots as well as for the smart materials to move beyond stimulus‐response relationships and toward the intelligent behaviors seen in biological systems. Acquiring adaptivity is coveted for soft microrobots that can adapt to implement different works and respond to different environments either passively or actively through human intervention like biological systems. Here, a novel and simple strategy for constructing untethered soft microrobots based on stimuli‐responsive hydrogels that can switch logic gates according to the surrounding stimuli of environment is introduced. Different basic logic gates and combinational logic gates are integrated into a microrobot via a straightforward method. Importantly, two kinds of soft microrobots with adaptive logic gates are designed and fabricated, which can smartly switch logic operation between AND gate and OR gate under different surrounding environmental stimuli. Furthermore, a same magnetic microrobot with adaptive logic gate is used to capture and release the specified objects through the change of the surrounding environmental stimuli based on AND or OR logic gate. This work contributes an innovative strategy to integrate computation into small‐scale untethered soft robots with adaptive logic gates.
The LIGO‐Virgo O3 Run and the Multi‐Messenger Investigations of Compact Binary Mergers
Authors: Poggiani Rosa ,   for the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe third observing run (O3) of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo started in April 2019 and ended in March 2020 due to the pandemic. From the O3 run three catalogs of compact binary mergers, GWTC‐2, GWTC‐2.1, and GWTC‐3, that include also some exceptional events, are produced by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration. The paper will review the science results about compact binary mergers during the O3 run and the follow‐up of gravitational wave candidate events involving the whole electromagnetic spectrum and neutrinos. No confirmed counterpart is found during the O3 run for any candidate. The impact of detected events on astrophysics and cosmology will also be discussed. The paper will also briefly summarize additional multi‐messenger investigations involving candidates not initially associated to gravitational events.
Analysis of statements in documents of gift for academic body donation programs in the United States, and recommendations for future practice
Authors: Johnson Laura E. , McArthur Angela , Schmitt Brandi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn US anatomical gift law, the record on which a person consents to body donation after death is referred to as a document of gift (DG). Due to the lack of legal requirements around minimum information standards, enacted recommendations in the United States, and the unknown variation across extant DGs, a review of publicly‐available DGs from US academic body donation programs were performed to benchmark existing statements and recommend specific foundational content for all US DGs. From 117 body donor programs identified, 93 DGs were downloaded (median length three pages, range 1–20). Statements within the DG were qualitatively categorized into 60 codes within eight themes (Communication, Eligibility, Terms of Use, Logistics, Legal References, Financials, Final Disposition, and Signatures), using existing recommendations of academics, ethicists, and professional associations to guide analysis. Of 60 codes, 12 had high disclosure rates (67%–100% of DGs included; e.g., donor personal information), 22 had moderate rates (34%–66%; e.g., discretion to decline a body), and 26 had low disclosure rates (1%–33%; e.g., testing bodies for disease). Some codes with the lowest disclosure frequency were those previously recommended as necessary. Findings highlighted substantial variation in DG statements, with a higher number of baseline disclosure statements than previously recommended. These results present an opportunity to better understand disclosures that have importance for programs and donors alike. Recommendations suggest minimum standards of informed consent practices for body donation programs in the United States. These include clarity around consent processes, consistency of language, and minimum operational standards for informed consent.
Lanthanide Single‐molecule Magnets: Synthetic Strategy, Structures, Properties and Recent Advances
Authors: Wang Jin , Sun Cheng‐Yuan , Zheng Qi , Wang Dan‐Qi , Chen Yu‐Ting , Ju Jian‐Feng , Sun Tong‐Ming , Cui Ying , Ding Yan , Tang Yan‐Feng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle‐molecule magnets (SMMs) show wide potential applications in the field of ultrahigh‐density storage materials, quantum computing, spintronics, and so on. Lanthanide (Ln) SMMs, as an important category of SMMs, open up a promising prospect due to their large magnetic moments and huge magnetic anisotropy. However, the construction of high performance for Ln SMMs remains an enormous challenge. Although remarkable advances are focused on the topic of Ln SMMs, the research on Ln SMMs with different nuclear numbers is still deficient. Therefore, this review summarizes the design strategies for the construction of Ln SMMs, as well as the metal skeleton types. Furthermore, we collect reported Ln SMMs with mononuclearity, dinuclearity, and multinuclearity (three or more Ln spin centers) and the SMM properties including energy barrier (Ueff) and pre‐exponential factor (τ0) are described. Finally, Ln SMMs with low‐nuclearity SMMs, especially for single‐ion magnets (SIMs), are highlighted to understand the correlations between structures and magnetic behavior of the detail SMM properties are described. We expect the review can shed light on the future developments of high‐performance Ln SMMs.
The evolving diagnosis and treatment paradigms of multiple myeloma in China: 15 years' experience of 1256 patients in a national medical center
Authors: Yang Yang , Li Jing , Wang Wenjing , Wang Yawen , Maihemaiti Aziguli , Ren Liang , Lan Tianwei , Zhou Chi , Li Panpan , Wang Pu , Aihemaiti Xianmuseye , Chen Feifei , Xu Tianhong , Xu Jiadai , Liu Peng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSignificant advances in multiple myeloma (MM) over the past 15 years led to exciting changes in the management of MM patients in China, which in turn brought about the early diagnoses, precise risk stratifications, and improved prognoses.MethodsWe summarized the dynamic changes in the management of newly diagnosed (ND) MM in a national medical center, crossing the old and novel drug era. Demographics, clinical characteristics, first‐line treatment, response rate, and survival were retrospectively collected among NDMMs diagnosed in Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University from January 2007 to October 2021.ResultsOf the 1256 individuals, median age was 64 (range 31–89) with 45.1% patients >65 years. About 63.5% were male, 43.1% were at ISS stage III and 9.9% had light‐chain amyloidosis. Patients with abnormal ratio of free light chain (80.4%), extramedullary disease (EMD, 22.0%), and high‐risk cytogenetic abnormalities (HRCA, 26.8%) were detected by novel detection techniques. The best confirmed ORR was 86.5%, including 39.4% with CR. Short‐ and long‐term PFS and OS rates persistently increased each year along with increasing novel drug applications. Median PFS and OS were 30.9 and 64.7 months. Advanced ISS stage, HRCA, light‐chain amyloidosis and EMD independently predicted an inferior PFS. First‐line ASCT indicated a superior PFS. Advanced ISS stage, elevated serum LDH, HRCA, light‐chain amyloidosis, and receiving PI/IMiD‐based regimen versus PI+IMiD‐based regimen independently indicated a poorer OS.ConclusionsIn brief, we illustrated a dynamic landscape of MM patients in a national medical center. Chinese MM patients evidently benefited from newly introduced techniques and drugs in this field.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Amyl Ester Tethered Dihydroartemisinin‐Isatin Hybrids as Potent Anti‐Breast Cancer Agents
Authors: Xu Zhi , Zhang Xiaoyan , Liu Jie , Zhao Shijia , Liu Junna , Zhou Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA series of novel amyl ester tethered dihydroartemisinin‐isatin hybrids 4a–d and 5a–h were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as anti‐breast cancer agents. The synthesized hybrids were preliminarily screened against estrogen receptor‐positive (MCF‐7 and MCF‐7/ADR) and triple‐negative (MDA‐MB‐231 and) breast cancer cell lines. Three hybrids 4a,d and 5e not only were more potent than artemisinin and adriamycin against drug‐resistant MCF‐7/ADR and MDA‐MB‐231/ADR breast cancer cell lines, but also displayed non‐cytotoxicity towards normal MCF‐10 A breast cells, and the SI values were >4.15, indicating their excellent selectivity and safety profiles. Thus, hybrids 4a,d and 5e could act as potential anti‐breast cancer candidates and were worthy of further preclinical evaluations. Moreover, the structure–activity relationships which may facilitate further rational design of more effective candidates were also enriched.
An Anomeric Base‐Tolerant Ester of 8‐Alkynyl‐1‐naphthoate for Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Glycosylation Reaction
Authors: Zhang Xiaojuan , Xu Peng , Zhou Zhengbing , Zhang Yazhou , Yu Biao , Zhu Yugen 
Published: February 2023

Comprehensive SummaryGiven the extreme complexity and diversity of carbohydrates, efficient approaches to the homogeneous oligosaccharide remain limited. Chemical synthesis represents one of the most reliable methods to access homogeneous samples, which mainly relies on the key glycosylation reaction. Consistent with enormous efforts to develop leaving groups for establishing robust glycosylation protocols, we herein disclose a structurally novel leaving group of 8‐phenylethynyl‐1‐naphthoate that is able to enable efficient glycosylation reactions under the extremely mild condition of gold(I)‐catalysis. Notably, the anomeric naphthoate possesses the unprecedent character of base‐stability in sharp contrast to the conventional ester groups at anomeric position of carbohydrates, which endows high compatibility with a variety of chemical transformations. Furthermore, the present glycosylation protocol with 8‐phenylethynyl‐ 1‐naphthoate as leaving group is able to realize minimally protected glycosylation processes. Mechanistic studies reveal a unique structure of 8‐phenylethynyl‐1‐naphthoate that accounts for the reason for these characteristics.
Towards a synthesized critique of forest‐based ‘carbon‐fix’ strategies
Authors: Vian Jessica Enara , Garvey Brian , Tuohy Paul Gerard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article synthesizes critiques of ‘carbon‐fix’ strategies in the forestry sector to clarify key concerns about reductionist treatments of forests and carbon and to facilitate further debate. It begins by asserting that since climate change mitigation has been placed at the centre of forest governance, forests have been deemed to serve as ‘carbon‐fixing’ devices in ways that can be discerned across three distinct but inter‐related categories: (i) carbon storage devices, (ii) carbon removal devices and (iii) net‐zero bioenergy devices. A transdisciplinary literature review is used to shed light on key concerns relating to the instrumentalisation of forests within each of these categories. By doing so, this article contributes to a deeper understanding of why relegating forests to a ‘carbon‐fix’ function is insufficient to tackle climate change and, rather, poses threats to forest ecosystems and forest‐dependent communities. This review ultimately calls into question the use of forests to delay crucial systemic changes, without diminishing the importance of forest conservation, restoration, governance, as well as technological innovation, in mitigating the ongoing harmful effects of climate change.
Combining bidirectional long short‐term memory and self‐attention mechanism for code search
Authors: Cao Ben , Liu Jianxun 
Published: February 2023

SummaryWith the wide application of deep learning in code search, especially the proposed code search model based on attention mechanism, the accuracy of code search has been greatly improved. However, the attention mechanism only captures the attention weight relationship between two words in the code fragment, without considering the contextual semantic relationship that exists between words in the code fragment, which can help improve the accuracy of code search. To address this problem, this paper proposes a model that combining bidirectional long short‐term memory and self‐attention mechanisms for code search (CBLSAM‐CS). The model first captures the contextual semantic relationship of each word in the code fragment by long‐short term memory network, and then uses the self‐attention mechanism to extract deep‐level features of the sequence. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, the paper has been conducted an experimental comparison with three other baseline models, CODEnn, CARLCS‐CNN, and SAN‐CS, on the basis of a public dataset containing 18 million code fragments. The experimental results show that the proposed model in this paper achieves 92.24% and 93.55% in mean reciprocal rank value and normalized discounted cumulative gain metrics, respectively, which are better than the baseline model. Therefore, it shows that the CBLSAM‐CS model proposed in this paper can effectively improve the accuracy and efficiency of code search.
Constructing An All‐Natural Bulk Structural Material from Surface‐Charged Bamboo Cellulose Fibers with Enhanced Mechanical and Thermal Properties
Authors: Qin Shizheng , Liu Kun , Wang Yuan , Ren Dayong , Zhang Shaoning , Zhai Yangzhou , Ma Huihuang , Zhou Xiaodong , Huang Fuqiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBamboo is widely distributed, rapidly regenerable, and incorporates long cellulose fibers, which make it one of the most lightweight and strong natural materials. Processing bamboo into a high‐performance structural material for plastic replacement is highly promising but challenging. In this study, an all‐natural, high‐performance structural material is derived from natural bamboo with superior mechanical and thermal properties that benefit from the introduction of surface charge and further layer‐by‐layer assembly of bamboo cellulose fibers. The obtained modified bamboo fiber plate (MBFP) transcends the constraints of the natural size and anisotropy of bamboo, showing high flexural strength (ca. 179 MPa) and flexural modulus (ca. 12 GPa). Moreover, the product has an extremely low coefficient of thermal expansion (ca. 11.3×10−6 K−1), high thermal stability, and superior fire resistance. The excellent mechanical and thermal properties combined with the efficient and rational manufacturing process make MBFP a powerful plastic alternative for furniture, construction, and automotive industries.
Lymph node metastasis after endoscopic submucosal dissection of a superficial esophageal adenocarcinoma arising from the ectopic gastric mucosa of the cervical esophagus: A case report
Authors: Ito Mamoru , Dobashi Akira , Komori Moe , Sugimura Shun , Aizawa Daisuke , Takahashi Keita , Tanishima Yuichiro , Sumiyama Kazuki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEsophageal adenocarcinoma derived from the ectopic gastric mucosa of the cervical esophagus is very rare. Little is known about the efficacy of endoscopic treatment of these superficial lesions. Herein, we report the first case of lymph node metastasis after endoscopic submucosal dissection of a lesion with invasion into the muscularis mucosa. A 46‐year‐old man underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy during a health checkup. Endoscopy revealed a 10‐mm‐sized nodular and a 5‐mm‐sized depressed lesion within the ectopic gastric mucosa of the cervical esophagus. The biopsy specimen confirmed the presence of adenocarcinoma. The entire ectopic gastric mucosa was resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection, and pathological examination showed invasion of the muscularis mucosa. A follow‐up computed tomography scan revealed lymph node metastasis 12 months post‐treatment. The patient underwent surgical mediastinal lymphadenectomy. The patient has been regularly followed up with a computed tomography scan and endoscopy for 2 years post‐surgery with no evidence of recurrence. Close follow‐up or additional treatment after endoscopic submucosal dissection should be considered and discussed with the patient if invasion into the muscularis mucosa is observed on pathological examination.