bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainability in Radiology: Position Paper and Call to Action From ACR, AOSR, ASR, CAR, CIR, ESR, ESRNM, ISR, IS3R, RANZCR, and RSNA
Authors: Rockall Andrea G. , Allen Bibb , Brown Maura J. , El‐Diasty Tarek , Fletcher Jan , Gerson Rachel F. , Goergen Stacy , Marrero González Amanda P. , Grist Thomas M. , Hanneman Kate , Hess Christopher P. , Ho Evelyn Lai Ming , Salama Dina H. , Schoen Julia , Sheard Sarah 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe urgency for climate action is recognised by international government and healthcare organisations, including the United Nations (UN) and World Health Organisation (WHO). Climate change, biodiversity loss, and pollution negatively impact all life on earth. All populations are impacted but not equally; the most vulnerable are at highest risk, an inequity further exacerbated by differences in access to healthcare globally. The delivery of healthcare exacerbates the planetary health crisis through greenhouse gas emissions, largely due to combustion of fossil fuels for medical equipment production and operation, creation of medical and non‐medical waste, and contamination of water supplies. As representatives of radiology societies from across the globe who work closely with industry, and both governmental and non‐governmental leaders in multiple capacities, we advocate together for urgent, impactful, and measurable changes to the way we deliver care by further engaging our members, policymakers, industry partners, and our patients. Simultaneous challenges including global health disparities, resource allocation, and access to care must inform these efforts. Climate literacy should be increasingly added to radiology training programmes. More research is required to understand and measure the environmental impact of radiological services and inform mitigation, adaptation and monitoring efforts. Deeper collaboration with industry partners is necessary to support innovations in the supply chain, energy utilisation, and circular economy. Many solutions have been proposed and are already available, but we must understand and address barriers to implementation of current and future sustainable innovations. Finally, there is a compelling need to partner with patients, to ensure that trust in the excellence of clinical care is maintained during the transition to sustainable radiology. By fostering a culture of global cooperation and rapid sharing of solutions among the broader imaging community, we can transform radiological practice to mitigate its environmental impact, adapt and develop resilience to current and future climate and environmental threats, and simultaneously improve access to care.
Analgesia and anesthesia for closed reduction of dislocated total hip arthroplasty: Protocol for a scoping review
Authors: Knudsen Rasmus Linnebjerg , Bjulf Rikke Helene Frølund , Bahuet Aurelien‐Xuan Rosendal , Steensbæk Mathias Therkel , Jellestad Anne‐Sofie Linde , Lange Kai Henrik Wiborg , Lundstrøm Lars Hyldborg , Nørskov Anders Kehlet 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundTotal hip arthroplasty is a common surgical procedure, but dislocation remains a significant complication often requiring closed reduction. Current anesthetic practices for closed reduction of total hip arthroplasty vary widely, and evidence on the efficacy, safety, and cost‐effectiveness of different anesthetic and analgetic regimens is limited.MethodsThis scoping review follows the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines and PRISMA‐ScR framework. A systematic search will be conducted in major databases to identify studies on anesthetic approaches for closed reduction of dislocated total hip arthroplasty. Eligible studies will include adult patients and focus on outcomes such as success rate, complications, patient satisfaction, and procedural efficiency. Data will be extracted and synthesized narratively and descriptively.ResultsThe review will map the existing evidence on anesthetic and analgetic regimens, including their success rates, associated complications, and cost‐effectiveness. It will also highlight gaps in the literature and variations in practice across different settings.ConclusionBy summarizing current evidence and identifying research gaps, this scoping review aims to inform clinical practice and guide future studies, ultimately improving the safety, effectiveness, and efficiency of anesthetic strategies for closed reduction of dislocated total hip arthroplasties.
Deprescribing in Australian residential aged care facilities: A scoping review
Authors: Liang Jenny Xinyu , Thai Louise , Healy Madeleine , Idris Adam Mohd , Chin Jian Wey , Grossman Christopher 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesOlder adults residing in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) are particularly vulnerable to negative health outcomes from polypharmacy and suboptimal prescribing in the context of frailty and multimorbidity. Deprescribing, the intentional withdrawal of inappropriate medications, has been proposed as a promising approach to reduce polypharmacy‐related harms. Examining current deprescribing interventions in RACFs would help identify gaps in research knowledge. The aim of this scoping review was to synthesise the current literature, describe the current knowledge gaps and future research priorities that the authors identified.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO and AgeLine were searched according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines for scoping reviews from inception until February 2024 to identify relevant studies published in the English language.ResultsOf the 2244 articles screened, 13 studies (total of 133,150 RACF residents across Australia) were identified examining deprescribing interventions. Six studies were controlled trials and seven studies were observational studies. There were six pharmacist‐led interventions, five multidisciplinary team‐led interventions and two physician‐led interventions. Main themes discussed included as follows: multidisciplinary care, education for health‐care professionals, refining outcome measures, overcoming system issues and research logistics. The most commonly targeted medications in the included studies were psychotropics.ConclusionsDeprescribing is an important intervention for RACF residents but more research into translating evidence into clinically meaningful outcomes is needed. Successful studies typically involved multidisciplinary interventions, had an educational component, followed‐up longitudinally with residents and carers and involved stakeholders, such as nurses. The economic impacts of deprescribing in this cohort are poorly understood.
Improving Cardiovascular Outcomes in the Psoriasis Cohort. Psoriasis and Cardiovascular Disease—Clinician Knowledge, Practice and Perceptions
Authors: Smith Annika , Lai Belinda , Zaman Sarah , Wong Peter , Foo Fiona , Bell Katy J. L. , Fernandez‐Penas Pablo , Chow Clara K. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPsoriasis is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This risk is independent and incremental to traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, but clinician and patient perspectives on this risk are unclear. This study aims to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and practice of clinicians and patients with respect to psoriasis and CVD.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study consisted of a self‐administered questionnaire capturing demographic characteristics, knowledge of the association between psoriasis and CVD, and perspectives on CV screening and management. This was distributed to members of relevant Australasian Speciality Medical Colleges, speciality societies, and psoriasis patients in public and private clinic settings. Survey data were assessed using descriptive statistics. Logistic regression was used to investigate the relationship between categorical variables and the outcome variable, for example, to determine factors predictive of clinician knowledge and perceptions. For all analyses, a p‐value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 298 clinicians (dermatologists (86), rheumatologists (56), cardiologists (53), general practitioners (103)) and 102 patients with psoriasis were surveyed. Regarding clinician knowledge of the association between psoriasis and CVD, dermatologists and rheumatologists indicated knowledge of this association (98.8%) (85/96) and 91.1% (51/56) respectively, while only 54.7% (29/53) of cardiologists and 29.1% (30/103) of GPs indicated knowledge of this association. Only 23.5% (24/102) of patients surveyed indicated knowledge of this association. Clinicians with a higher proportion of their caseload including psoriasis patients were significantly more likely to be aware of the association between psoriasis and CVD (OR 3.05 [1.64, 5.68]; p < 0.001). Most clinicians nominated GPs as best placed to facilitate CV risk factor screening and management (dermatologists 80.2% (69/86); rheumatologists 83.9% (47/56); cardiologists 75.5% (40/53); GPs 88.3% (91/103)). Patients preferred specialist input and multidisciplinary care for CVD risk management; 34.3% (35/102) nominated a cardiologist as the preferred clinician, and 23.5% (24/102) indicated preference for a multidisciplinary team.LimitationsThe possibility of sampling and response bias, inherent in the study design, is acknowledged; however, responses are likely representative of clinician and patient sentiments on this issue and in keeping with similar study findings.ConclusionClinician and patient knowledge of the relationship between psoriasis and CVD needs to be improved. The establishment of a national consensus approach to address this gap in clinical care is needed.
Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in the Australian Farming Community. A Preliminary Qualitative Investigation of Healthcare Provider's Perceptions of Risks/Barriers to Care
Authors: Gunning James , Peachey Kerri‐Lynn , Lower Tony , Mesa‐Castrillon Carlos 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundFarmers are at higher risk of developing dementia due to occupational exposures throughout their lives. People living in regional and remote areas also have increased barriers to care compared with urban populations, while farmers face additional barriers.AimsTo explore the barriers to care and risks faced by farmers with dementia, from the perspectives of healthcare workers. This preliminary study also aims to explore the differences in barriers faced by farmers and non‐farming rural populations.MethodsSeven participants from a range of health professions were interviewed in a semi‐structured style to explore their experiences. The data were coded and analysed using a constructivist grounded theory approach to search for recurring themes.ResultsSix key themes emerged from the data: (1) barriers arising from typical farmer personality traits; (2) geographic isolation; (3) late diagnoses of dementia; (4) barriers to the provision of care on the farm; (5) on‐farm risks; and (6) transition to residential aged care home.ConclusionsFarmers living with dementia on‐farm may face significant barriers to care and risks to themselves and others compared to non‐farm rural and urban populations. These additional barriers predominantly stem from increased geographic isolation and personality traits common to farming populations. However, there is potential for change to improve care provision through earlier diagnosis, more efficient service funding to enhance treatment availability and the use of residential aged care homes more suited to farmers.
Hybrid Laparoscopic and Open Repair of a Transdiaphragmatic Intercostal Hernia: A Case Report
Authors: Hanis Amirah Lofti , Siow Sze Li , Nurazim Sidi , Kamaruzaman Izzat Asyraf 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTransdiaphragmatic intercostal hernia is a rare condition that presents unique management challenges. We describe a 68‐year‐old morbidly obese male (BMI 40) with multiple comorbidities who underwent successful hybrid laparoscopic and open repair of a right transdiaphragmatic intercostal hernia. The hernia developed following blunt trauma 5 years earlier, which caused fractures of the right 4th–7th ribs. The patient presented with a swelling in the right flank region. CT imaging revealed a 5.9‐cm diaphragmatic defect and a 10.6 × 11.9 cm intercostal defect containing small and large bowels, and omentum. Preoperative optimization included a very low‐calorie diet and stabilization of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Surgery involved lateral decubitus positioning, customized laparoscopic port placement, an additional incision for defect closure, and laparoscopic onlay mesh placement. Recovery was uneventful, with discharge on postoperative Day 5 and no recurrence at 6 months. This case underscores the importance of meticulous preparation and hybrid techniques in managing complex hernias.
Engineered pulmonary artery tissues for measuring contractility, drug testing and disease modelling
Authors: Fellows Adam L. , Quigley Kate , Leung Venus , Ainscough Alexander J. , Wilkins Martin R. , Barnett Harry , Miller David , Mayr Manuel , Wojciak‐Stothard Beata 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackground and PurposeVasoreactivity of pulmonary arteries regulates blood flow through the lungs. Excessive constriction of these vessels contributes to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a progressive and incurable condition, resulting in right heart failure. The search for new and improved drug treatments is hampered by laboratory models that do not reproduce the vasoactive behaviour of healthy and diseased human arteries.Experimental ApproachWe have developed an innovative technique for producing miniature, three‐dimensional arterial structures that allow proxy evaluation of human pulmonary artery contractility. These “engineered pulmonary artery tissues” or “EPATs” are fabricated by suspending human pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in fibrin hydrogels between pairs of silicone posts, located on custom‐made racks, in 24‐well culture plates.Key ResultsEPATs exhibit rapid, robust and reproducible contraction responses to vasoconstrictors (KCl, ET‐1, U46619) as well as relaxation responses to clinically approved PAH vasodilatory drugs that target several signalling pathways, such as bosentan, epoprostenol, selexipag and imatinib. EPATs composed of pulmonary artery VSMCs from PAH patients exhibit enhanced contraction to vasoconstrictors and relaxation in response to vasodilators. We also demonstrate the incorporation of endothelial cells into EPATs for the measurement of endothelium‐dependent dilatory responses.Conclusion and ImplicationsWe demonstrate the capacity and suitability of EPATs for studying the contractile behaviour of human arterial cells and preclinical drug testing. This novel biomimetic platform has the potential to dramatically improve our understanding and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Outpatient Management of Clinical Comorbidities in Children With Cerebral Palsy in Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries
Authors: Dias Bruno Leonardo Scofano , Duarte Lenamaris Mendes Rocha , Fava Daniela , de Lima Fernanda Marinho 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability of childhood. Its prevalence in low‐and middle‐income countries (LMICs) is over 3/1000 live births, about double the 1.6/1000 in high income countries (HICs). Multimorbidity is highly prevalent in CP. In LMICs, there are higher rates of prevalence, severity, comorbidities and mortality in children with CP. The evidence base for the recommendations in CP emanates overwhelmingly from studies conducted in HICs. Research conducted in LMICs settings, involving local clinicians, considering local context and investigating local solutions are urgently needed.MethodsThis scoping review aimed to identify and synthesise current evidence on management of clinical comorbidities in children with CP in LMICs. The Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines were followed for the data extraction and analysis phases. The following questions guided the scoping review: What are the main clinical comorbidities in children with CP? What are the gold standards for diagnosis and treatment of these comorbidities? What options do we have to diagnose and treat these comorbidities in LMICs when gold standards are not available?ResultsA total of 22 188 citations were identified by our search strategy, with 21 380 remaining after the removal of 808 duplicates. After screening titles and abstracts, 1918 citations progressed to full text review. A total of 194 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. The guiding questions of the review were answered for the following morbidities: respiratory impairments, dysphagia and aspiration, gastroesophageal reflux disease, drooling, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, malnutrition, constipation, epilepsy, sleep disorders, spasticity, dystonia, pain, hip disorders, scoliosis and osteoporosis.ConclusionThis article highlights the need for interventions adapted to the realities of LMICs. Empowering paediatricians and healthcare professionals in LMICs is crucial for early diagnosis and proactive interventions. Specific guidelines for LMICs can better guide professionals in managing these complex conditions.
Global Epidemiology and Socioeconomic Correlates of Salivary Gland Cancer From 2020 to 2040
Authors: Mousavi Seyed Ehsan , Ghasemi Hoomaan , Najafi Morvarid , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo report the epidemiology and socioeconomic correlates of salivary gland cancers (SGCs) at global, regional and national levels by age, sex and country.MethodsData on the incidence and mortality of SGC for the year 2020 were extracted from the Global Cancer Observatory. The relationships between incidence and mortality rates with the human development index (HDI) and the ratio of current healthcare expenditure to gross domestic product were investigated using bivariate correlation tests. Also, projections for new cancer cases or mortalities in a specific nation or region between 2025 and 2040 were estimated by multiplying age‐specific incidence or mortality rates, with the anticipated population for the years 2025–2040.ResultsIn 2020, the global crude incidence and mortality rates of SGC were 0.69 and 0.29, respectively. Among the World Health Organization regions, the Americas and Africa had the highest SGC age‐standardised incidence rate (ASIR) and age‐standardised mortality rate (ASMR), respectively. By HDI classification, the very high HDI group had the highest SGC ASIR at 0.69, whereas the low HDI group had the highest SGC ASMR at 0.49. Among different age groups, those aged 70+ had the highest SGC incidence and mortality crude rates. Globally, males had higher SGC incidence and mortality crude rates than females. A strong negative correlation was found between HDI and SGC ASMR and the mortality‐to‐incidence ratio (p < 0.001). By 2040, the global incidence and mortality numbers of SGC are projected to increase by 50% and 60%, respectively.ConclusionsThese findings provide crucial insight into the global distribution and disparities in SGC care quality. Furthermore, this report has the potential to aid in the planning of SGC control initiatives.
Pathogenic variants in chromatin‐related genes: Linking immune dysregulation to neuroregression and acute neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Dale Russell C. , Mohammad Shekeeb , Han Velda X. , Nishida Hiroya , Goel Himanshu , Tangye Stuart G. , Hollway Georgina , Tantsis Esther , Gill Deepak , Patel Shrujna ,   Chromatin Immune‐Brain Group
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe report eight children with de novo pathogenic DNA variants in chromatin‐related genes: MORC2, CHD7, KANSL1, KMT2D, ZMYND11, HIST1HIE, EP300, and KMT2B. All children experienced infection or vaccine‐provoked neuroregression or abrupt‐onset neuropsychiatric syndromes. Most had delayed development (n = 6) before the first regression, and four had immune deficiency or autoimmunity (n = 4). At a mean age of 4 years 2 months (range 1–8 years), symptoms included infection‐provoked autistic/language regression (n = 6), cognitive decline (n = 3), gait deterioration (n = 3), or abrupt‐onset anxiety, obsessive‐compulsive disorder, and/or tics (n = 5). Three children had ongoing infection‐provoked deteriorations. Six children benefited from intravenous immunoglobulin (n = 3) or antibiotics (n = 4). Ribonucleic acid expression of the eight chromatin genes was similar in neuronal, glial, and peripheral leukocytes, unlike non‐chromatin neurodevelopmental genes, which have predominantly neuronal expression. These cases demonstrate the role of chromatin dysregulation in autistic regression and abrupt‐onset neuropsychiatric syndromes, potentially related to brain and immune gene dysregulation.
The First Evidence of Long‐Term Survival of the Deep‐Sea Blackmouth Catshark (Galeus melastomus) Following Release From Bottom Longline Fisheries
Authors: Gajić Andrej A. , Martin Andrea G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study documented the first evidence of healing and long‐term survival of blackmouth catsharks (Galeus melastomus) following traumatic mandibular fractures and associated soft tissue avulsions that resulted from previous captures on deep‐sea longlines. All sharks were actively feeding, despite acute and healed lesions, which suggests that such severe trauma did not impair feeding. Additionally, one female with a healed lesion and three developed eggcases indicated that reproduction was unaffected. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no other alterations in the chondrocranium, splanchnocranium, or broader skeletomuscular system and major viscera. Although the small sample size does not fully represent postrelease survival for the species after capture in longline fisheries, the resilience observed was significant for conservation and fisheries management, which underscores the need for further research.
Preparation of carbon foam from silicon‐containing polyarylacetylene/quartz powder with excellent oxidation resistance
Authors: Shen Xuetao , Jin Chaoen , Wang Fan , Zhu Yaping , Deng Shifeng , Qi Huimin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, silicon‐containing polyarylacetylene (PSA) was used as a carbon source, and quartz powder (QP) was used as a filler to prepare PSA/QP composite carbon foams through chemical foaming and high‐temperature carbonization. The effects of the carbonization temperature and QP doping on the microstructure, apparent density, and oxidation resistance of the carbon foams were investigated. In addition, PSA carbon foams without QP doping were prepared for comparison. The results indicated that as the carbonization temperature increased, the pore sizes of both the PSA and PSA/QP composite carbon foams decreased, while their apparent densities and oxidation resistance increased. QP doping reduced the degree of pore shrinkage during carbonization, mitigated the increase in apparent density, and promoted SiC formation, enhancing the oxidation resistance of the carbon foams. At the carbonization temperature of 1400°C, the PSA/Q9‐1400 composite carbon foam exhibited an apparent density of 0.273 g/cm3 and a Td5 of 731°C, which can be used for a long time in an oxidation atmosphere at 300°C. PSA/QP carbon foams had low density and excellent oxidation resistance, which makes them suitable for high‐temperature thermal protection materials in aerospace fields.