bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sabin polio virus protein 1 (VP1) evolution in patients with acute flaccid paralysis from 2010 to 2016 in Uganda
Authors: Nanteza Mary Bridget , Bakamutumaho Barnabas , Tushabe Phionah , Namuwulya Prossy , Birungi Molly , Dhatemwa Rajab , Eliku James Peter , Tibanagwa Mayi , Kakooza Proscovia , Bukenya Henry , Bwogi Josephine , Byabamazima Charles Rutebarika 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAcute flaccid paralysis (AFP) is a rare side effect of the oral polio vaccine but can be associated with outbreaks and permanent disability in patients harboring circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPVs). With the advancement of polio abolition in a glimpse, cVDPVs are causing outbreaks and slowing the polio eradication process. The polio virus protein 1 (VP1) contains the binding site that is key for virus transmission. Understanding the evolution of VP1 among AFP patients could yield more insight into the early events of cVDPVs. Polioviruses were identified from stool specimens of AFP patients using cell culture; and confirmed by the real time RT PCR intra-typic differentiation and vaccine-derived poliovirus assays. Seventy-nine (79) Sabin-like poliovirus 1 (SL1) and 86 Sabin-like poliovirus 3 (SL3) were sequenced. The VP1 amino acid substitutions T106A in Sabin poliovirus 1 and A54V in Sabin poliovirus 3 were common among the AFP patients as has been found in previous studies. Other substitutions that were associated with AFP were: T290A and A54T in SL1 and SL3 respectively. Nucleotide mutations that were common among the AFP patients included T402C, C670A, and T816C in SL1, and G22A, C375Y, A472R, and A694T in SL3 polioviruses. Characterizing mutations that are associated with AFP could contribute to efforts pursued to mitigate the risk of vaccine-derived polioviruses and promote development of safer vaccines.
Impact of delay extubation on the reintubation rate in patients after cervical spine surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jing Xin , Zhu Zhengfang , Fan Hairong , Wang Junjie , Fu Qing , Kong Rongrong , Long Yanling , Wang Sheng , Wang Qixing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of cervical airway obstruction after cervical spine surgery (CSS) ranges from 1.2 to 14%, and some require reintubation. If not addressed promptly, the consequences can be fatal. This study investigated delayed extubation's effect on patients' reintubation rate after cervical spine surgery.

Methods
We performed a retrospective case–control analysis of cervical spine surgery from our ICU from January 2021 to October 2022. Demographic and preoperative characteristics, intraoperative data, and postoperative clinical outcomes were collected for all 94 patients. Univariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression were used to analyze postoperative unsuccessful extubation risk factors following cervical spine surgery.

Results
The patients in the early extubation (n = 73) and delayed extubation (n = 21) groups had similar demographic characteristics. No significant differences were found in the reintubation rate (0 vs. 6.8%, p = 0.584). However, the delayed extubation group had significantly more patients with 4 and more cervical fusion segments (42.9 vs. 15.1%, p = 0.013),more patients with an operative time greater than 4 h (33.3 vs. 6.8%, p = 0.004)and all patients involved C2-4 (78 vs. 100%, p = 0.019).Also, patients in the delayed extubation group had a longer duration of ICU stay (152.9 ± 197.1 h vs. 27.2 ± 45.4 h, p < 0.001) and longer duration of hospital stay (15.2 ± 6.9 days vs. 11.6 ± 4.1 days, p = 0.003). Univariate and multivariate analysis identified the presences of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) (OR 0.02, 95% CI 0–0.39, p = 0.009) and respiratory diseases (OR: 23.2, 95% CI 2.35–229.51, p = 0.007) as unfavorable prognostic factor for reintubation.

Conclusions
Our analysis of patients with cervical spondylosis who received CSS indicated that delayed extubation was associated with the presence of respiratory diseases and CSM, longer operative time, more cervical fusion segments, and longer duration of ICU and hospital stays.
The use of digital outcome measures in clinical trials in rare neurological diseases: a systematic literature review
Authors: Poleur Margaux , Markati Theodora , Servais Laurent 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping drugs for rare diseases is challenging, and the precision and objectivity of outcome measures is critical to this process. In recent years, a number of technologies have increasingly been used for remote monitoring of patient health. We report a systematic literature review that aims to summarize the current state of progress with regard to the use of digital outcome measures for real-life motor function assessment of patients with rare neurological diseases. Our search of published literature identified 3826 records, of which 139 were included across 27 different diseases. This review shows that use of digital outcome measures for motor function outside a clinical setting is feasible and employed in a broad range of diseases, although we found few outcome measures that have been robustly validated and adopted as endpoints in clinical trials. Future research should focus on validation of devices, variables, and algorithms to allow for regulatory qualification and widespread adoption.
Evaluation of commercially available point-of-care ultrasound for automated optic nerve sheath measurement
Authors: Moore Brad T. , Osika Tom , Satterly Steven , Shah Shreyansh , Thirion Tim , Hampton Spencer , Aylward Stephen , Montgomery Sean 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Measurement of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) via ultrasonography has been proposed as a non-invasive metric of intracranial pressure that may be employed during in-field patient triage. However, first responders are not typically trained to conduct sonographic exams and/or do not have access to an expensive ultrasound device. Therefore, for successful deployment of ONSD measurement in-field, we believe that first responders must have access to low-cost, portable ultrasound and be assisted by artificial intelligence (AI) systems that can automatically interpret the optic nerve sheath ultrasound scan.
We examine the suitability of five commercially available, low-cost, portable ultrasound devices that can be combined with future artificial intelligence algorithms to reduce the training required for and cost of in-field optic nerve sheath diameter measurement. This paper is focused on the quality of the images generated by these low-cost probes. We report results of a clinician preference survey and compare with a lab analysis of three quantitative image quality metrics across devices. We also examine the suitability of the devices in a hypothetical far-forward deployment using operators unskilled in ultrasound, with the assumption of a future onboard AI video interpreter.

Results
We find statistically significant differences in clinician ranking of the devices in the following categories: “Image Quality”, “Ease of Acquisition”, “Software”, and “Overall ONSD”. We show differences in signal-to-noise ratio, generalized contrast-to-noise ratio, point-spread function across the devices. These differences in image quality result in a statistically significant difference in manual ONSD measurement. Finally, we show that sufficiently wide transducers can capture the optic nerve sheath during blind (no visible B-mode) scans performed by operators unskilled in sonography.

Conclusions
Ultrasound of the optic nerve sheath has the potential to be a convenient, non-invasive, point-of-injury or triage measure for elevated intracranial pressure in cases of traumatic brain injury. When transducer width is sufficient, briefly trained operators may obtain video sequences of the optic nerve sheath without guidance. This data suggest that unskilled operators are able to achieve the images needed for AI interpretation. However, we also show that image quality differences between ultrasound probes may influence manual ONSD measurements.
PAX1 hypomethylation as a prognostic biomarker for radioresistance of cervical cancer
Authors: Li Xuanxuan , Liu Huan , Zhou Xue , Zhou Yangying , Zhang Yu , Liou Yu-Ligh , Zeng Manting , Zhu Hong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
PAX1 gene methylation plays an important role in the development of cervical cancer. However, its prognostic value after radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer is unknown, so this study aimed to investigate the value of PAX1 gene methylation for predicting the sensitivity of radiotherapy for cervical cancer.

Methods
We selected 125 patients with primary cervical cancer who underwent concurrent chemo-radiotherapy as the study population, quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (QMSP) was used for detecting PAX1 methylation status of cervical exfoliated cells. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk factors associated with the short-term efficacy and to establish a prediction model of radiotherapy sensitivity based on PAX1 gene methylation. Cell viability after radiation of Hela and SiHa cells transfected with PAX1 or control vector was evaluated by CCK8. Furthermore, RNA-Seq analyses identified different expressed genes (DEGs) in PAX1 overexpressed SiHa cells. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis was carried out to determine the biological function of DEGs.

Results
PAX1 methylation level was associated with HPV16/18-positive rate. PAX1 hypomethylation was found to be a risk factor for tumor residual after chemo-radiotherapy. A nomogram containing the risk factors for PAX1 methylation status, lymph node metastasis, pathological type and tumor size was further constructed to predict the probability of tumor residual after chemo-radiotherapy (AUC = 0.823, 95% CI 0.736–0.910). High PAX1 protein level was more likely to cause radioresistance in both Hela and SiHa cells. Transcriptomic sequencing of PAX1 overexpressed and control cells identified 615 differentially expressed genes, and GO enrichment analysis suggested that PAX1 may be involved in the regulation of signaling receptor activity and response to viruses.

Conclusion
PAX1 hypomethylation status could be used as a promising biomarker to predict radioresistance in cervical cancer. This further provides a new idea for the individualized treatment strategy of simultaneous radiotherapy for cervical cancer.
Insights into the prokaryotic communities of the abyssal-hadal benthic-boundary layer of the Kuril Kamchatka Trench
Authors: Gorrasi Susanna , Franzetti Andrea , Brandt Angelika , Minzlaff Ulrike , Pasqualetti Marcella , Fenice Massimiliano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The Kuril–Kamchatka Trench (maximum depth 9604 m), located in the NW Pacific Ocean, is among the top seven deepest hadal trenches. The work aimed to investigate the unexplored abyssal-hadal prokaryotic communities of this fascinating, but underrated environment.

Results
As for the bacterial communities, we found that Proteobacteria (56.1–74.5%), Bacteroidetes (6.5–19.1%), and Actinobacteria (0.9–16.1%) were the most represented bacterial phyla over all samples. Thaumarchaeota (52.9–91.1%) was the most abundant phylum in the archaeal communities. The archaeal diversity was highly represented by the ammonia-oxidizing Nitrosopumilus, and the potential hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria Acinetobacter, Zhongshania, and Colwellia were the main bacterial genera. The α-diversity analysis evidenced that both prokaryotic communities were characterized by low evenness, as indicated by the high Gini index values (> 0.9). The β-diversity analysis (Redundancy Analysis) indicated that, as expected, the depth significantly affected the structure of the prokaryotic communities. The co-occurrence network revealed seven prokaryotic groups that covaried across the abyssal-hadal zone of the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench. Among them, the main group included the most abundant archaeal and bacterial OTUs (Nitrosopumilus OTU A2 and OTU A1; Acinetobacter OTU B1), which were ubiquitous across the trench.

Conclusions
This manuscript represents the first attempt to characterize the prokaryotic communities of the KKT abyssal-hadal zone. Our results reveal that the most abundant prokaryotes harbored by the abyssal-hadal zone of Kuril–Kamchatka Trench were chemolithotrophic archaea and heterotrophic bacteria, which did not show a distinctive pattern distribution according to depth. In particular, Acinetobacter, Zhongshania, and Colwellia (potential hydrocarbon degraders) were the main bacterial genera, and Nitrosopumilus (ammonia oxidizer) was the dominant representative of the archaeal diversity.
Engaging people who use drugs in clinical research: integrating facilitated telemedicine for HCV into substance use treatment
Authors: Talal Andrew H. , George Saliyah J. , Talal Lillian A. , Dharia Arpan , Ventuneac Ana , Baciewicz Gloria , Perumalswami Ponni V. , Dickerson Suzanne S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
People who use drugs (PWUD) have difficulty participating in clinical research. We evaluated approaches to engage PWUD in clinical research, using facilitated telemedicine for hepatitis C virus (HCV) care as an example.

Methods
We analyzed stakeholder interview transcripts and study-related data (i.e., progress reports, meeting minutes) from interrelated studies to understand engagement experiences at the patient, site, and organizational levels. Stakeholders include patient-participants, opioid treatment program (OTP) staff and administrators, and research team members involved in HCV management through facilitated telemedicine integrated into OTPs.

Results
Three themes emerged. Initially, the research team sought understanding of the unique culture and community of each OTP (Theme 1). The team built trusting relationships through education, communication, and feedback (Theme 2). Finally, the research team enhanced collaborative care and incorporated the patients’ voice to improve health outcomes (Theme 3). Patient-participants and OTP staff endorsed the integrated HCV care approach. Engagement practices are summarized as the CREATE framework (C = culture, R = respect, E = educate, A = advantage, T = trust, E = endorse).

Conclusions
PWUD engagement in clinical research is maximized by building trusting relationships with open communication channels. Understanding the community, demonstrating respect, and augmenting knowledge are foundational for engaging PWUD in clinical research. These practices are transferable to engagement of PWUD in clinical research broadly.
The relationship between physical activity and interpersonal distress in college students: the chain mediating role of self-control and mobile phone addiction
Authors: Liu Chong , Sun Zongchen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective of the study
Interpersonal relationships, as an important variable affecting the physical and mental health and future development of individuals, were used to construct a structural equation model between physical activity and interpersonal relationships in order to help college students better adapt to society and achieve a high level of mental health.

Methods
SPSS 27.0 software was used to statistically analyze the data, and Amos 28.0 software was used to construct the model between variables. The results showed that physical activity directly predicted the interpersonal relationship status of college students (β =  − 0.108, 95% CI [− 0.210, − 0.005]), and the chain mediating effect of physical activity → self-control → mobile phone addiction tendency → interpersonal relationship distress was significant (β =  − 0.012, 95% CI [− 0.033, − 0.003]). The results of this study suggest that physical activity may be viewed as an effective intervention strategy to mitigate the interpersonal challenges that college students may face in the future.
Investigating the different domains of environmental knowledge acquired from virtual navigation and their relationship to cognitive factors and wayfinding inclinations
Authors: Muffato Veronica , Miola Laura , Pellegrini Marilina , Pazzaglia Francesca , Meneghetti Chiara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhen learning an environment from virtual navigation people gain knowledge about landmarks, their locations, and the paths that connect them. The present study newly aimed to investigate all these domains of knowledge and how cognitive factors such as visuospatial abilities and wayfinding inclinations might support virtual passive navigation. A total of 270 participants (145 women) were tested online. They: (i) completed visuospatial tasks and answered questionnaires on their wayfinding inclinations; and (ii) learnt a virtual path. The environmental knowledge they gained was assessed on their free recall of landmarks, their egocentric and allocentric pointing accuracy (location knowledge), and their performance in route direction and landmark location tasks (path knowledge). Visuospatial abilities and wayfinding inclinations emerged as two separate factors, and environmental knowledge as a single factor. The SEM model showed that both visuospatial abilities and wayfinding inclinations support the environmental knowledge factor, with similar pattern of relationships in men and women. Overall, factors related to the individual are relevant to the environmental knowledge gained from an online virtual passive navigation.
Exploring the energy informatics and energy citizenship domains: a systematic literature review
Authors: Kumar Ajesh , Naqvi Bilal , Wolff Annika 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo effectively address the challenges posed by the increasing share of the energy sector in global greenhouse effects, the domains of energy informatics and energy citizenship play a critical role. Energy informatics aims at using information systems and channels to reduce energy consumption. However, there is a realization that the challenges posed by global greenhouse effects cannot be catered to alone by the energy information systems. Therefore, there is a need for engaging human inhabitants to actively engage toward more sustainable means (i.e., energy citizenship) thus reducing the energy sector’s share in the global greenhouse effect. This paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) after analysis of (n = 115) articles on the topic to identify (i) the themes considered in energy informatics and energy citizenship domains, and (ii) the interconnection between energy informatics and energy citizenship domains, (iii) energy information needs among stakeholders which establish a clear interconnect with energy citizenship. These identified themes and their interconnections are critical for energy researchers, policymakers, and energy businesses to identify relevant research topics, identify energy consumers’ needs, and create just energy transition policies. The paper additionally summarizes the gaps in the state of the art by mentioning the open research questions that arise due to the identified interconnection between energy informatics and energy citizenship.
Artificial intelligence enhanced sensors - enabling technologies to next-generation healthcare and biomedical platform
Authors: Wang Chan , He Tianyiyi , Zhou Hong , Zhang Zixuan , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe fourth industrial revolution has led to the development and application of health monitoring sensors that are characterized by digitalization and intelligence. These sensors have extensive applications in medical care, personal health management, elderly care, sports, and other fields, providing people with more convenient and real-time health services. However, these sensors face limitations such as noise and drift, difficulty in extracting useful information from large amounts of data, and lack of feedback or control signals. The development of artificial intelligence has provided powerful tools and algorithms for data processing and analysis, enabling intelligent health monitoring, and achieving high-precision predictions and decisions. By integrating the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and health monitoring sensors, it becomes possible to realize a closed-loop system with the functions of real-time monitoring, data collection, online analysis, diagnosis, and treatment recommendations. This review focuses on the development of healthcare artificial sensors enhanced by intelligent technologies from the aspects of materials, device structure, system integration, and application scenarios. Specifically, this review first introduces the great advances in wearable sensors for monitoring respiration rate, heart rate, pulse, sweat, and tears; implantable sensors for cardiovascular care, nerve signal acquisition, and neurotransmitter monitoring; soft wearable electronics for precise therapy. Then, the recent advances in volatile organic compound detection are highlighted. Next, the current developments of human-machine interfaces, AI-enhanced multimode sensors, and AI-enhanced self-sustainable systems are reviewed. Last, a perspective on future directions for further research development is also provided. In summary, the fusion of artificial intelligence and artificial sensors will provide more intelligent, convenient, and secure services for next-generation healthcare and biomedical applications.
Effects of four drying methods on the quality, antioxidant activity and anthocyanin components of blueberry pomace
Authors: Zhang Lixia , Zhang Chenyan , Wei Zhaohui , Huang Wuyang , Yan Zheng , Luo Zisheng , Beta Trust , Xu Xueming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe effects of drying on the quality, antioxidant activity and anthocyanin components of blueberry pomace were investigated using hot air drying (HAD), freeze-drying (FD), microwave vacuum drying (MVD) and microwave freeze vacuum drying (MFD). The quality, antioxidant activity, and individual anthocyanin compositions of blueberry pomace were evaluated and compared with the non-dried control. MVD produced the highest levels of total phenols, total anthocyanins, total sugars and color values in blueberry pomace while HAD gave the lowest. The ABTS +and DPPH radical scavenging abilities of blueberry pomace were significantly high when MVD was used. Moreover, FD, MVD, and MFD resulted in the retention of significantly more anthocyanin species than HAD as determined by HPLC coupled to the mass spectrometer. Overall, MVD proved to be the best technique for preservation of antioxidant capacity and natural color. Therefore, MVD of blueberry pomace can improve efficiency and productivity of the blueberry fruit processing industry while reducing the environmental burden.
Graphical Abstract
Analysis of multi-particulate flow through the horizontal eccentric annulus considering the borehole cleaning
Authors: Deshmukh Vivek , Dewangan Satish Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMulti-particulate flow CFD modelling is carried out while taking eccentricity into account considering drilling horizontal oil wells. The present work focuses on the effect of different cuttings sizes and their concentration on borehole cleaning. The carrier phase is a CMC-Bentonite solution which is a non-Newtonian fluid and the secondary phase is sand cuttings with different sizes. The RNG-k-ε turbulence mixture model is implemented along with the Eulerian-Eulerian multiphase model. The present CFD work has been validated with different experimental work and analytical results. The cutting size distribution in terms of volume fraction has been plotted along the various planes. Contours for volume fraction for different cutting size and inlet cuttings concentrations are also obtained. The increase in turbulence kinetic energy through increase inlet axial slurry velocity and drillpipe rotation (from v = 1 m/s, N = 50 rpm to v = 3.5 m/s, N = 100 rpm) is very effective in reducing cuttings accumulation for slurry A. The migration of cuttings from stationary zone to suspension zone is high for larger cuttings as compared to smaller cuttings from plane P2. The equivalent two-phase simulation for considered five-phase flow of slurry A has the similar cuttings distribution.