bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced application of the MADGE approach aid offshore
Authors: Clarke R. W. G. 
Published: March 2023

The MADGE aircraft approach aid is being supplied to Mobil for fitment to the Beryl ‘A’ Platform in the North Sea where multiple approach paths, offset in both azimuth and elevation are to be provided. Application has been made to the UK Civil Aviation Authority for approach limits of 150 ft (200 ft for Beryl ‘A’) Minimum Descent Altitude and 300 metres RVR equivalent.MADGE was originally designed to meet a NATO requirement for a tactical approach aid which could be carried by two men, and set up in 15 minutes and give guidance to all aircraft types. This is a totally different application from the one at Beryl ‘A’ and yet it uses the standard MADGE production airborne equipment and standard MADGE production ground station units supplemented by ancillary ground equipment to provide offset tracks and monitoring facilities.
The development of multiple redundant flight control systems for high integrity applications
Authors: Corney J. M. 
Published: March 2023

Multiple redundant flight control systems have been the subject of continuous development since the 1950s. Early examples include the automatic landing systems of the BAC 1–11 and the VC10; these were followed by the full flight envelope control systems fitted to the Concorde and Tornado. These examples all use analogue computing techniques, with redundancy levels appropriate to the individual fail-passive or fail-operational requirements of each system.However, recent advances in digital technology have enabled highly sophisticated flight control systems to be implemented which would be wholly impractical using analogue computing methods. Furthermore, digital computing is amenable to self-monitoring techniques which can be used not only to improve system maintainability, but also to augment the cross comparison or majority voting algorithms which have been developed on analogue systems.
Analyst Coverage and Corporate Environmental Policies
Authors: Jing Chenxing , Keasey Kevin , Lim Ivan , Xu Bin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExploiting two quasi-natural experiments, we find that firms increase emissions of toxic pollution following decreases in analyst coverage. The effects are stronger for firms with low initial analyst coverage, poor corporate governance, and firms subject to less stringent monitoring by environmental regulators. Decreases in environmental-related questions raised in conference calls, an increased cost of monitoring to institutional shareholders, reductions in pollution abatement investment, and the weakening of internal governance related to environmental performance are channels through which reduced analyst coverage contributes to increases in firm pollution. Our study highlights the monitoring role analysts play in shaping corporate environmental policies.
Creating colonisable land: Cartography, ‘blank spaces’, and imaginaries of empire in nineteenth-century Germany
Authors: Çapan Zeynep Gülşah , dos Reis Filipe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe social sciences and humanities in general and International Relations (IR) specifically are organised around what has been called ‘analytic bifurcation’. Analytic bifurcations artificially structure and divide analytic spaces into, for example, Europe/non-Europe, inside/outside, state/empire, and metropole/colony. Recently, these bifurcations have been problematised within IR and adjacent fields. Our article contributes to and extends these discussions by foregrounding two interrelated aspects that have not received sufficient attention: first, connections between colonies rather than between metropole and colony and, second, the construction and reproduction of the bifurcation of Europe/non-Europe. We explore how technologies of power, in our case mapping and the use of ‘blank spaces’, were used to create imaginaries of colonisable land. To do so, we trace two episodes from nineteenth-century German colonial discourse. The first episode analyses imaginaries of exploration in the Humboldtian tradition and how these imaginaries depict spaces outside of Europe, namely in Africa, as blank spaces. The second episode reconstructs the cartographic work of Paul Langhans, who focused on mapping ‘Germandom’ (Deutschtum) in Central and Eastern Europe. Juxtaposing these two episodes shows the interconnectedness between these spaces (Africa and the European East) and how techniques such as blank spaces were applied to create colonisable land.
Raccoon rabies control and elimination in the northeastern USA and southern Québec, Canada
Authors: Davis Amy J. , Gagnier Marianne , Massé Ariane , Nelson Kathleen M. , Kirby Jordona D. , Wallace Ryan , Ma Xiaoyue , Fehlner-Gardiner Christine , Chipman Richard B. , Gilbert Amy T. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Rabies virus (RABV) is a deadly zoonosis that circulates in wild carnivore populations in North America. Intensive management within the USA and Canada has been conducted to control the spread of the raccoon (Procyon lotor) variant of RABV and work towards elimination. We examined RABV occurrence across the northeastern USA and southeastern Québec, Canada during 2008–2018 using a multi-method, dynamic occupancy model. Using a 10 km × 10 km grid overlaid on the landscape, we examined the probability that a grid cell was occupied with RABV and relationships with management activities (oral rabies vaccination (ORV) and trap-vaccinate-release efforts), habitat, neighbour effects and temporal trends. We compared raccoon RABV detection probabilities between different surveillance samples (e.g. animals that are strange acting, road-kill, public health samples). The management of RABV through ORV was found to be the greatest driver in reducing the occurrence of rabies on the landscape. Additionally, RABV occupancy declined further with increasing duration of ORV baiting programmes. Grid cells north of ORV management were at or near elimination (

$\hat{\psi }_{{\rm north}}$

= 0.00, s.e. = 0.15), managed areas had low RABV occupancy (

$\hat{\psi }_{{\rm managed}}$

= 0.20, s.e. = 0.29) and enzootic areas had the highest level of RABV occupancy (

$\hat{\psi }_{{\rm south}}$

= 0.83, s.e. = 0.06). These results provide evidence that past management actions have been being successful at the goals of reducing and controlling the raccoon variant of RABV. At a finer scale we also found that vaccine bait type and bait density impacted RABV occupancy. Detection probabilities varied; samples from strange acting animals and public health had the highest detection rates. Our results support the movement of the ORV zone south within the USA due to high elimination probabilities along the US border with Québec. Additional enhanced rabies surveillance is still needed to ensure elimination is maintained.
Engaging community pharmacists in tuberculosis-directly observed treatment: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Wong Yen Jun , Thum Chern Choong , Ng Khuen Yen , Lee Shaun Wen Huey 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of implementing community pharmacy-based tuberculosis-directly observed treatment (TB-DOT) in Malaysia.

Background:
Tuberculosis (TB) eradication is one of the top priorities in the public health agenda in Malaysia. While public-private mix (PPM) initiatives have been launched, community pharmacists remain undervalued assets in TB management.

Methods:
A two-phase mixed-methods study targeting community pharmacists was conducted in Malaysia between March and October 2021. The first phase was an online self-administered survey developed according to the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). The second phase was a semi-structured interview to allow deeper understanding on the quantitative results. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive analysis while qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis with a semi-inductive approach. The data were triangulated to enhance comprehensiveness and credibility of the findings.

Findings:
The survey was completed by 388 community pharmacists, and 23 pharmacists participated in the interview. Most community pharmacists indicated their willingness to serve as TB-DOT supervisors (70.1%). Qualitative results supported the findings. Community pharmacy-based TB-DOT service was perceived as an avenue to improve TB management and outcomes and to enhance the professional role of pharmacists in TB service at primary care settings. This was also perceived as a feasible intervention with the potential to strengthen the National TB Control programme. This initiative needs be reinforced with adequate support from the public healthcare sector for a strong partnership in ensuring success.
Mapping of QTLs for flood tolerance in rice using recombinant inbred lines of Indra and a new plant genetic resource AC 39416 A
Authors: Girija Rani M. , Satyanarayana P. V. , Chamundeswari N. , Ramana Rao P. V. , Prabhakar M. , Ravikumar B. N. V. S. R. , Nagakumari P. , Kalpana K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRice crop is affected by different types of floods at different stages of the crop cycle. Constant efforts of researchers resulted in the development of rice varieties for anaerobic germination, flash floods and stagnant flooding by both conventional and molecular breeding approaches. Detection of QTLs for different types of floods in new genetic source (AC39416A) is needed to combat adverse effects of climate change. Present investigation was carried out to identify QTLs for flood tolerance using recombinant inbred lines derived from Indra and AC39416A. QTL mapping resulted in identification of QTLs, qAG3.1 on chromosome 3 for anaerobic germination and qSF10.1 on chromosome 10 for plant survival % under stagnant flooding. These QTLs explain 59.08 and 13.21% of phenotypic variance respectively. Two candidate genes were identified in qAG3.1 region, LOC_Os03g42130 gibberellin 20 oxidase2 and LOC_Os03g44170 glutathione S-transferase. The underlying mechanism might be the inhibition of gibberellic acid synthesis and thereby protecting seedlings from oxidative stress under anoxia condition. Genomic region of qSF10.1 revealed LOC_Os10g35020 glycosyltransferase and LOC_Os10g35050 aquaporin protein loci, which might be responsible for adaptive mechanism for plant survival % under stagnant flooding. This indicates that the new genetic resource AC39416A has an ability to adopt to different types of flood tolerance in response to environmental stress. Unveiling physiological and molecular mechanisms for flood tolerance in AC39416A using advanced omics studies would help in precise genomic selections for sustained production in flood-prone areas.
A New Method to Estimate Slab Dip Direction Using Receiver Functions and Its Application in Revealing Slab Geometry and a Diffuse Plate Boundary Beneath Sumatra
Authors: Feng Mingye , Chen Ling , Wei Shengji , Wang Xin , Wang Xu , Wu Zimu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhile dip direction is a fundamental parameter of slab geometry, it is rarely estimated quantitatively. Here, we develop a new method, Dip Direction Searching (DDS), of receiver functions (RFs) that reduces the uncertainty of slab dip direction estimation from tens to several degrees. DDS can also resolve the thickness and depth of a dipping structure. We then apply DDS to the RFs in the Sumatran subduction zone. Travel time differences of the converted phases from the upper and lower (oceanic Moho) boundaries of the dipping low‐velocity layer (LVL) along the plate interface show a thickness of 10–14 km. The results also show increased dip direction of the slab Moho from 47 ± 5.3° in southern Sumatra to 70 ± 10.7° in northern Sumatra, indicating a complicated slab geometry and internal deformation along strike. Similar dip directions are obtained for the upper and lower LVL boundaries beneath Nias and Enggano forearc islands in the north and south, whereas we find a larger discrepancy of ∼14–23° beneath Siberut and Pagai in between. The thicker LVL with a non‐negligible difference in the dip directions of its upper and lower bounds in the center of Sumatra is interpreted as a partially serpentinized mantle layer above the oceanic crust, forming a distinct channel atop the subducting slab. Our results provide basic observational constraints on the structure and geometry of the oceanic slab and associated subduction processes. Both synthetics and data analyses also indicate DDS can be applied in other subduction zones and for other dipping interfaces.
Cloud‐Radiation Feedback Facilitates Secondary Eyewall Formation of Tropical Cyclones
Authors: Wang Yi‐Fan , Yang Bolei , Tan Zhe‐Min 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent studies show that the formation of outer rainbands (ORBs) is essence to secondary eyewall formation (SEF) of tropical cyclones (TCs). This study reveals that cloud‐radiation feedback (CRF) facilitates SEF of TCs by promoting the formation of ORBs and their stratiform sectors. In detail, CRF engenders an upper‐level anomalous radiative warming in the outer‐core region, which induces a secondary circulation that accelerates the release of microphysical heating above the freezing level. The enhanced upper‐level latent heating further promotes the outer‐core convection and the top‐down development of the ORBs. Moreover, CRF promotes a broader stratiform precipitation area and stronger stratiform heating profiles of the ORBs, which forces convective updrafts at the radially inward edge of the stratiform precipitation area and eventually leads to SEF. On the contrary, when the anomalous radiative warming is removed, the organization of ORBs and the development of stratiform precipitation are suppressed due to the absence of the radiation‐induced upper‐level secondary circulation, thus inhibiting SEF.
Perovskite photodetector-based single pixel color camera for artificial vision
Authors: Chen Chaohao , Li Ziyuan , Fu Lan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNarrowband red, green, blue self-filtering perovskite photodetectors and a broadband white photodetector are incorporated into a single pixel imaging camera to mimic the long-, medium-, and short-wavelength cone cells and rod cells in human visual system, leading to the demonstration of high-resolution color images in diffuse mode.
Node of Ranvier remodeling in chronic psychosocial stress and anxiety
Authors: Koskinen Maija-Kreetta , Laine Mikaela , Abdollahzadeh Ali , Gigliotta Adrien , Mazzini Giulia , Journée Sarah , Alenius Varpu , Trontti Kalevi , Tohka Jussi , Hyytiä Petri , Sierra Alejandra , Hovatta Iiris 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDifferential expression of myelin-related genes and changes in myelin thickness have been demonstrated in mice after chronic psychosocial stress, a risk factor for anxiety disorders. To determine whether and how stress affects structural remodeling of nodes of Ranvier, another form of myelin plasticity, we developed a 3D reconstruction analysis of node morphology in C57BL/6NCrl and DBA/2NCrl mice. We identified strain-dependent effects of chronic social defeat stress on node morphology in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) gray matter, including shortening of paranodes in C57BL/6NCrl stress-resilient and shortening of node gaps in DBA/2NCrl stress-susceptible mice compared to controls. Neuronal activity has been associated with changes in myelin thickness. To investigate whether neuronal activation is a mechanism influencing also node of Ranvier morphology, we used DREADDs to repeatedly activate the ventral hippocampus-to-mPFC pathway. We found reduced anxiety-like behavior and shortened paranodes specifically in stimulated, but not in the nearby non-stimulated axons. Altogether, our data demonstrate (1) nodal remodeling of the mPFC gray matter axons after chronic stress and (2) axon-specific regulation of paranodes in response to repeated neuronal activity in an anxiety-associated pathway. Nodal remodeling may thus contribute to aberrant circuit function associated with anxiety disorders.
Clinical evidence for immune-based strategies in early-line multiple myeloma: current challenges in decision-making for subsequent therapy
Authors: Raje Noopur , Mateos María-Victoria , Iida Shinsuke , Reece Donna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlmost all patients with multiple myeloma (MM) will eventually develop disease that has relapsed with or become refractory to available treatments and will require additional therapy. However, data are still lacking on how best to sequence regimens in the relapsed/refractory (RR) setting after the failure of early-line lenalidomide, bortezomib, and/or daratumumab, the most commonly used agents in clinical practice today. With the treatment landscape rapidly changing in response to emerging clinical trial data and approvals of several new drugs and additional combinations, it is critically important to focus on patients with RRMM. Variability in patient baseline characteristics, such as the number of prior lines of treatment, refractoriness to prior treatments, prior stem cell transplant, and timing and dosing of prior lenalidomide, makes it difficult to select the best options for patients with RRMM for whom first-line treatments have failed. The aim of this review is to provide both an overview of current therapies and future directions within the RRMM treatment landscape, and a framework for clinicians to choose the most promising next treatment option.
USP10 deubiquitinates RUNX1 and promotes proneural-to-mesenchymal transition in glioblastoma
Authors: Qiu Wenjin , Xiao Zumu , Yang Yushi , Jiang Lishi , Song Shibin , Qi Xiaolan , Chen Yimin , Yang Hua , Liu Jian , Chu Liangzhao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe mesenchymal (MES) subtype of glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive, malignant and proliferative cancer that is resistant to chemotherapy. Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) was shown to support MES GBM, however, its underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we identified USP10 as a deubiquitinating enzyme that regulates RUNX1 stabilization and is mainly expressed in MES GBM. Overexpression of USP10 upregulated RUNX1 and induced proneural-to-mesenchymal transition (PMT), thus maintaining MES properties in GBM. Conversely, USP10 knockdown inhibited RUNX1 and resulted in the loss of MES properties. USP10 was shown to interact with RUNX1, with RUNX1 being stabilized upon deubiquitylation. Moreover, we found that USP10 inhibitor Spautin-1 induced RUNX1 degradation and inhibited MES properties in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, USP10 was strongly correlated with RUNX1 expression in samples of different subtypes of human GBM and had prognostic value for GBM patients. We identified USP10 as a key deubiquitinase for RUNX1 protein stabilization. USP10 maintains MES properties of GBM, and promotes PMT of GBM cells. Our study indicates that the USP10/RUNX1 axis may be a potential target for novel GBM treatments.
Androgens show sex-dependent differences in myelination in immune and non-immune murine models of CNS demyelination
Authors: Zahaf Amina , Kassoussi Abdelmoumen , Hutteau-Hamel Tom , Mellouk Amine , Marie Corentine , Zoupi Lida , Tsouki Foteini , Mattern Claudia , Bobé Pierre , Schumacher Michael , Williams Anna , Parras Carlos , Traiffort Elisabeth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNeuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and remyelinating properties of androgens are well-characterized in demyelinated male mice and men suffering from multiple sclerosis. However, androgen effects mediated by the androgen receptor (AR), have been only poorly studied in females who make low androgen levels. Here, we show a predominant microglial AR expression in demyelinated lesions from female mice and women with multiple sclerosis, but virtually undetectable AR expression in lesions from male animals and men with multiple sclerosis. In female mice, androgens and estrogens act in a synergistic way while androgens drive microglia response towards regeneration. Transcriptomic comparisons of demyelinated mouse spinal cords indicate that, regardless of the sex, androgens up-regulate genes related to neuronal function integrity and myelin production. Depending on the sex, androgens down-regulate genes related to the immune system in females and lipid catabolism in males. Thus, androgens are required for proper myelin regeneration in females and therapeutic approaches of demyelinating diseases need to consider male-female differences.
Bitter taste cells in the ventricular walls of the murine brain regulate glucose homeostasis
Authors: Yu Qiang , Gamayun Igor , Wartenberg Philipp , Zhang Qian , Qiao Sen , Kusumakshi Soumya , Candlish Sarah , Götz Viktoria , Wen Shuping , Das Debajyoti , Wyatt Amanda , Wahl Vanessa , Ectors Fabien , Kattler Kathrin , Yildiz Daniela , Prevot Vincent , Schwaninger Markus , Ternier Gaetan , Giacobini Paolo , Ciofi Philippe , Müller Timo D. , Boehm Ulrich 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe median eminence (ME) is a circumventricular organ at the base of the brain that controls body homeostasis. Tanycytes are its specialized glial cells that constitute the ventricular walls and regulate different physiological states, however individual signaling pathways in these cells are incompletely understood. Here, we identify a functional tanycyte subpopulation that expresses key taste transduction genes including bitter taste receptors, the G protein gustducin and the gustatory ion channel TRPM5 (M5). M5 tanycytes have access to blood-borne cues via processes extended towards diaphragmed endothelial fenestrations in the ME and mediate bidirectional communication between the cerebrospinal fluid and blood. This subpopulation responds to metabolic signals including leptin and other hormonal cues and is transcriptionally reprogrammed upon fasting. Acute M5 tanycyte activation induces insulin secretion and acute diphtheria toxin-mediated M5 tanycyte depletion results in impaired glucose tolerance in diet-induced obese mice. We provide a cellular and molecular framework that defines how bitter taste cells in the ME integrate chemosensation with metabolism.
Spontaneously evolved progenitor niches escape Yap oncogene addiction in advanced pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Murakami Shigekazu , White Shannon M. , McIntosh Alec T. , Nguyen Chan D. K. , Yi Chunling 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLineage plasticity has been proposed as a major source of intratumoral heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. Here, by employing an inducible genetic engineered mouse model, we illustrate that lineage plasticity enables advanced Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumors to develop spontaneous relapse following elimination of the central oncogenic driver - Yap. Transcriptomic and immunohistochemistry analysis of a large panel of PDAC tumors reveals that within high-grade tumors, small niches of PDAC cells gradually evolve to re-activate pluripotent transcription factors (PTFs), which lessen their dependency on Yap. Comprehensive Cut&Tag analysis demonstrate that although acquisition of PTF expression is coupled with the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), PTFs form a core transcriptional regulatory circuitry (CRC) with Jun to overcome Yap dependency, which is distinct from the classic TGFb-induced EMT-TF network. A chemical-genetic screen and follow-up functional studies establish Brd4 as an epigenetic gatekeeper for the PTF-Jun CRC, and strong synergy between BET and Yap inhibitors in blocking PDAC growth.