bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anchoring hydroxyl intermediate on NiCo(OOH)x nanosheets to enable highly efficient electrooxidation of benzyl alcohols
Authors: Zhang Man , Xu Zhenhao , Liu Biying , Duan Yan , Zheng Zhikeng , Li Leijing , Zhou Quan , Matveeva Valentina G. , Hu Zhuofeng , Yu Jimmy , Yan Kai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSelective oxidation of alcohols to the carboxylic acid plays an important role in the production of valuable chemicals. Herein, NiCo hydroxide (NiCo(OOH)x) nanosheets with a thickness of ~4 nm were controllably fabricated in a facile way efficient for the electrooxidation of benzyl alcohol (BAL) to benzoic acid (BAD). Mechanistic studies confirmed the hydroxyl active intermediate (OH*) generated on the surface of NiCo(OOH)x nanosheets through operando electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis during the electrooxidation process. Importantly, we discovered that the OH* was crucial to boost the selective oxidation of BAL by attacking the hydroxyl end group to achieve carboxylic acid. The early onset potential of 1.16 VRHE in the presence of BAL was below 1.23 VRHE for oxygen evolution reaction. The rotating ring‐disk electrode further revealed that the electrocatalytic BAL oxidation reaction occurred earlier in the oxygen evolution reaction. In 150 mM BAL, NiCo(OOH)x nanosheets generated a high BAD selectivity of >99% and full conversion of BAL in 3 h. The experimental and theoretical calculation revealed that the dominant pathway of BAL oxidation was the interaction between nucleophilic BAL with OH* to form BAL‐OH* directly by dehydrogenates, thereby producing BAD with high efficiency. This research sheds mechanism insights on the electrocatalytic alcohols oxidation reaction.
Work‐related asthma consequences on socioeconomic, asthma control, quality of life, and psychological status compared with non‐work‐related asthma: A cross‐sectional study in an upper‐middle‐income country
Authors: Roio Lavinia Clara Del , Stelmach Rafael , Mizutani Rafael F. , Terra‐Filho Mario , Santos Ubiratan d. P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWork‐related asthma (WRA) is the most prevalent occupational respiratory disease, and it has negative effects on socioeconomic standing, asthma control, quality of life, and mental health status. Most of the studies on WRA consequences are from high‐income countries; there is a lack of information on these effects in Latin America and in middle‐income countries.MethodsThis study compared socioeconomic, asthma control, quality of life, and psychological outcomes among individuals diagnosed with WRA and non‐work‐related asthma (NWRA) in a middle‐income country. Patients with asthma, related and not related to work, were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to assess their occupational history and socioeconomic conditions, and with questionnaires to assess asthma control (Asthma Control Test and Asthma Control Questionnaire‐6), quality of life (Juniper's Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire), and presence of anxiety and depression symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Each patient's medical record was reviewed for exams and use of medication, and comparisons were made between individuals with WRA and NWRA.ResultsThe study included 132 patients with WRA and 130 with NWRA. Individuals with WRA had worse socioeconomic outcomes, worse asthma control, more quality‐of‐life impairment, and a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression than individuals with NWRA. Among individuals with WRA, those who had been removed from occupational exposure had a worse socioeconomic impact.ConclusionsConsequences on socioeconomic, asthma control, quality of life, and psychological status are worse for WRA individuals when compared with NWRA.
Hippocampal connectivity and memory decline in cognitively intact APOE ε4 carriers
Authors: Baxter Leslie C. , Limback‐Stokin Martin , Patten K. Jakob , Arreola Alejandra Cabello , Locke Dona E. C. , Hu Leland , Zhou Yuxiang , Caselli Richard J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) graph theory may help detect subtle functional connectivity changes affecting memory prior to impairment.METHODSCognitively normal apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers/noncarriers underwent longitudinal cognitive assessment and one‐time MRI. The relationship of left/right hippocampal connectivity and memory trajectory were compared between carriers/noncarriers.RESULTSSteepness of verbal memory decline correlated with decreased connectivity in the left hippocampus, only among APOE ε4 carriers. Right hippocampal metrics were not correlated with memory and there were no significant correlations in the noncarriers. Verbal memory decline correlated with left hippocampal volume loss for both carriers and noncarriers, with no other significant volumetric findings.DISCUSSIONFindings support early hippocampal dysfunction in intact carriers, the AD disconnection hypothesis, and left hippocampal dysfunction earlier than the right. Combining lateralized graph theoretical metrics with a sensitive measure of memory trajectory allowed for detection of early‐stage changes in APOE ε4 carriers before symptoms of mild cognitive impairment are present.Highlights
Graph theory connectivity detects preclinical hippocampal changes in APOE ε4 carriers.
The AD disconnection hypothesis was supported in unimpaired APOE ε4 carriers.
Hippocampal dysfunction starts asymmetrically on the left.
Bisphenol A disruption promotes mammary tumor microenvironment via phenotypic cell polarization and inflammatory response
Authors: Ruiz Thalles F. R. , Colleta Simone J. , dos Santos Diego D. , Castro Nayara F. C. , Cabral Ágata S. , Calmon Marilia F. , Rahal Paula , Gil Cristiane D. , Girol Ana Paula , Vilamaior Patricia S. L. , Leonel Ellen C. R. , Taboga Sebastião R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInflammation in the established tumor microenvironment (TME) is often associated with a poor prognosis of breast cancer. Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine‐disrupting chemical that acts as inflammatory promoter and tumoral facilitator in mammary tissue. Previous studies demonstrated the onset of mammary carcinogenesis at aging when BPA exposure occurred in windows of development/susceptibility. We aim to investigate the inflammatory repercussions of BPA in TME in mammary gland (MG) during neoplastic development in aging. Female Mongolian gerbils were exposed to low (50 µg/kg) or high BPA (5000 µg/kg) doses during pregnancy and lactation. They were euthanized at 18 months of age (aging) and the MG were collected for inflammatory markers and histopathological analysis. Contrarily to control MG, BPA induced carcinogenic development mediated by COX‐2 and p‐STAT3 expression. BPA was also able to promote macrophage and mast cell (MC) polarization in tumoral phenotype, evidenced by pathways for recruitment and activation of these inflammatory cells and tissue invasiveness triggered by tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (TGF‐β1). Increase of tumor‐associated macrophages, M1 (CD68 + iNOS+) and M2 (CD163+) expressing pro‐tumoral mediators and metalloproteases was observed; this aspect greatly contributed to stromal remodeling and invasion of neoplastic cells. In addition, the MC population drastically increased in BPA‐exposed MG. Tryptase‐positive MCs increased in disrupted MG and expressed TGF‐β1, contributing to EMT process during carcinogenesis mediated by BPA. BPA exposure interfered in inflammatory response by releasing and enhancing the expression of mediators that contribute to tumor growth and recruitment of inflammatory cells that promote a malignant profile.
Can patients be selected for transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair based on the baseline transmitral gradient?
Authors: Ueyama Hiroki , Block Peter C. 
Published: March 2023

Key Points
Baseline transmitral gradient can predict reduction in left atrial pressure and residual transmitral gradient after transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER).
Understanding the possible multiple causes of elevated transmitral gradient before and after TEER may be important for selecting patients.
Further research is necessary to elucidate the complex interaction of mitral regurgitation, the mitral annulus, left atrial, and ventricular function and their response to TEER.
Keep it simple
Authors: Musumeci Giuseppe , Annibali Gianmarco 
Published: March 2023

Key Points
Studies of coronary bifurcation lesions have shown no advantage of systematic two‐stent strategies over one‐stent strategies.
The provisional stenting provides a dynamic approach to the treatment of the majority of bifurcation lesion.
Use of noncompliant balloons for kissing balloon inflation was associated with reduced side vessel stenting and lower overall periprocedural myocardial infarction.
Adjunctive techniques in endovascular repair of postcarotid endarterectomy pseudoaneurysm: Case report and literature review
Authors: Esposito Andrea , Menna Danilo , Giordano Antonio Nicola , Cappiello Antonino Pierluigi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPseudoaneurysm (PA) following carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a rare and dangerous complication. In recent years endovascular approach has been preferred to open surgery as it is less invasive and reduces complications in an already operated neck, especially cranial nerve injuries. We report a case of large post‐CEA PA causing dysphagia, successfully treated by deployment of two balloon‐expandable covered stents and coil embolization of the external carotid artery. A literature review dealing with all cases of post‐CEA PAs since 2000 treated by endovascular means is also reported. The research was conducted on Pubmed database using keywords “carotid pseudoaneurysm after carotid endarterectomy,” “false aneurysm after carotid endarterectomy,” “postcarotid endarterectomy pseudoaneurysm,” and “carotid pseudoaneurysm.”
Transcatheter atrial septal defect closure late after completion of biventricular circulation in patients with pulmonary atresia intact ventricular septum or critical pulmonary stenosis
Authors: Yamda Hiromu , Muneuchi Jun , Sugitani Yuichiro , Ezaki Hiroki , Koga Hirotaka , Tanaka Atsushi , Watanabe Mamie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore anatomical and hemodynamic features of atrial septal defect, which was treated by transcatheter device closure late after completion of biventricular circulation in patients with pulmonary atresia and intact ventricular septum (PAIVS) or critical pulmonary stenosis (CPS).MethodsWe studied echocardiographic and cardiac catheterization data, including defect size, retroaortic rim length, single or multiple defects, the presence of malalignment atrial septum, tricuspid and pulmonary valve diameters, and cardiac chamber sizes, in patients with PAIVS/CPS who underwent transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect (TCASD), and compared to control subjects.ResultsA total of 173 patients with atrial septal defect, including 8 patients with PAIVS/CPS, underwent TCASD. Age and weight at TCASD were 17.3 ± 18.3 years and 36.6 ± 13.9 kg, respectively. There was no significant difference in defect size (13.7 ± 4.0 vs. 15.6 ± 5.2 mm, p = 0.317) and the retro‐aortic rim length (3.7 ± 4.3 vs. 3.6 ± 0.3.1 mm, p = 0.948) between the groups; however, multiple defects (50% vs. 5%, p < 0.001) and malalignment atrial septum (62% vs. 14%. p < 0.001) were significantly frequent in patients with PAIVS/CPS compared to control subjects. The ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow in patients with PAIVS/CPS was significantly lower than that in the control patients (1.2 ± 0.4 vs. 2.0 ± 0.7, p < 0.001); however, four out of eight patients with atrial septal defect associated with PAIVS/CPS had right‐to‐left shunt through a defect, who were evaluated by the balloon occlusion test before TCASD. The indexed right atrial and ventricular areas, the right ventricular systolic pressure, and mean pulmonary arterial pressure did not differ between the groups. After TCASD, the right ventricular end‐diastolic area remained unchanged in patients with PAIVS/CPS, whereas it significantly decreased in control subjects.ConclusionsAtrial septal defect associated with PAIVS/CPS had more complex anatomy, which would be a risk for device closure. Hemodynamics should be individually evaluated to determine the indication for TCASD because PAIVS/CPS encompassed anatomical heterogeneity of the entire right heart.
Coil embolization of asymptomatic left gastric artery aneurysm: Case report and literature review
Authors: Jia Heyue , Xi Yifu , Yuan Pengfei , Guo Wei , Xiong Jiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatients with visceral artery aneurysms are rare, and the reported incidence of left gastric aneurysm (LGA) is only 4%. At present, although there is little knowledge about such disease, it is generally believed that appropriate treatment should be planned to prevent some dangerous aneurysms from rupturing. We introduced a case of 83‐year‐old patient with LGA who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair. The 6‐month follow‐up computed tomography angiography showed complete thrombosis in the aneurysm lumen. In addition, to insight the management strategy on LGAs deeply, a literature review concerning this entity published in recent 35 years was performed.
A rare case of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Kathmandu presenting with features of bacterial skin infection: A case report
Authors: Regmi Anil , Adhikari Biplov , Karki Pragya , Baral Suwash , Adhikari Irusha Rani 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLeishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by different species of genus Leishmania and transmitted by sandflies. Lesions of CL are most commonly present in the exposed areas, and the most familiar morphological type is papulo‐nodular. The diagnosis of CL should be considered while dealing with common skin lesions, as well as encountering uncommon pathologies. We present a case of a 26‐year‐old man living in Kathmandu originally from Humla whose clinical course was complicated by unsuccessful treatment with suspicion of bacterial skin infection. The patient first presented with an erythematous papule with some scale and crust with central ulceration over the left side of his upper lip and mild fever. With the suspicion of bacterial infection, he was initially treated with antibiotics, which showed no improvement prompting the referral to a tertiary center with further diagnostic workup. Punch biopsy confirmed the presence of amastigote form of leishmaniasis Donovan bodies. Also, the rk39 antibody test was positive. Clinicians need to pay more effort to the diagnosis of CL and include it in the differential diagnoses of patients presenting with typical lesions even if the region is not known to be endemic for CL or in the patient with no known history of insect bite.
Geographic isolation and environmental heterogeneity contribute to genetic differentiation in Cephalotaxus oliveri
Authors: Liu Hanjing , Wang Zhen , Zhang Yuli , Li Minghui , Wang Ting , Su Yingjuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEvaluating the contributions of geographic distance and environmental heterogeneity to the genetic divergence can inform the demographic history and responses to environmental change of natural populations. The isolation‐by‐distance (IBD) reveals that genetic differentiation among populations increases with geographic distance, while the isolation‐by‐environment (IBE) assumes a linear relationship between genetic variation and environmental differences among populations. Here, we sampled and genotyped 330 individuals from 18 natural populations of Cephalotaxus oliveri throughout the species' distribution. Twenty‐eight EST‐SSR markers were applied to analyze population genetics, for the investigation of the driving factors that shaped spatial structure. In addition, we identified the outlier loci under positive selection and tested their association with environmental factors. The results showed a moderate genetic diversity in C. oliveri and high genetic differentiation among populations. Population structure analyses indicated that 18 populations were clustered into two major groups. We observed that the genetic diversity of central populations decreased and the genetic differentiation increased towards the marginal populations. Additionally, the signatures of IBD and IBE were detected in C. oliveri, and IBE provided a better contribution to genetic differentiation. Six outlier loci under positive selection were demonstrated to be closely correlated with environmental variables, among which bio8 was associated with the greatest number of loci. Genetic evidence suggests the consistency of the central‐marginal hypothesis (CMH) for C. oliveri. Furthermore, our results suggest that temperature‐related variables played an important role in shaping genetic differentiation.
Tree functional composition, functional diversity, and aboveground biomass show dissimilar trajectories in a tropical secondary forest restored through assisted natural regeneration
Authors: Ssekuubwa Enock , van Goor Wouter , Snoep Martijn , Riemer Kars , Wanyama Fredrick , Waiswa Daniel , Yikii Fred , Tweheyo Mnason 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe growing trend of agricultural abandonment requires an understanding of the development of secondary forests on old fields in the context of restoration. However, few studies examine the regeneration trajectories of functional composition and functional diversity in afrotropical secondary forests. We tested how functional composition, diversity, and aboveground biomass (AGB) change with age and determined restoration success for a secondary forest restored through assisted natural regeneration in Uganda. We assessed the influence of distance to forests on regeneration. We sampled trees in 63 plots (2000 m2 each) in the secondary forest (16–22‐year old) and five plots in an old‐growth forest in 2011, 2014 and 2017. We computed functional composition (community‐weighted means—CWM) and diversity using categorical (habitat type, dispersal mode, fruit size, and successional group) and continuous traits (wood density and maximum height) of the species and calculated AGB. The secondary forest showed dissimilar trajectories of functional composition, diversity, and AGB. After 16–22 years, the secondary forest had not yet reached equivalent values of most attributes of functional composition, diversity and AGB in the old‐growth forest. The distance to forests had a negative effect on CWM of forest‐dependent species, nonpioneer light demanders, and functional divergence and a positive effect on CWM of pioneer species. We show that assisted natural regeneration can enhance the functional composition, functional diversity, and AGB of degraded forests and that continued monitoring is needed to attain full recovery. In planning passive restoration, sites closer to existing forests should be prioritized in order to achieve faster recovery.
SER: An R package to characterize environmental regimes
Authors: Wu Naicheng , Guo Kun , Zou Yi , He Fengzhi , Riis Tenna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEnvironmental regimes (or environmental legacy or historical legacy) are the dynamics of environmental characteristics over a given (either long or short) time period, such as frequency of mean or extreme events and rate of change, which might be absent by using only contemporary variables. We present SER, an R package for estimating environmental regimes for different environmental variables. Using the data included in the package, several examples are shown. SER is suitable for any type of environmental or biotic variables, including nutrient concentration, light, and dissolved oxygen. In addition, by changing the argument “days_bf,” it is possible to compute environmental regimes over any time period, such as days, months, or years. Our case study showed that the inclusion of environmental regimes increased the explained variation of temporal β‐diversity and its components. Environmental regimes are expected to advance the “environment–community” relationships in ecological studies. They can further be implemented in other subjects such as social science, socioeconomics, and epidemiology.
A re‐examination of the circumscription of Saxifraga mengtzeana (Saxifragaceae)
Authors: Zhang Xin‐Jian , Gornall Richard J. , Zhang Zhuo‐Xin , Chen Jun‐Tong , Sun Hang , Deng Tao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the Flora of China account of Saxifraga mengtzeana Engl. & Irmsch., eight synonyms were attributed to it and one variant, recognized as Saxifraga epiphylla Gornall & Ohba, was split from it. This study reevaluates the taxonomic status of some of the synonyms and of the segregated species in light of new evidence presented here. Morphological and molecular evidence demonstrate that collections from northwestern Yunnan and Sichuan are genetically differentiated from those in southeastern Yunnan and neighboring Guangxi. Observations in the field and in cultivation show that the peltate petiole attachment diagnostic of S. mengtzeana var. peltifolia Engl. & Irmsch. is developmentally labile. Similar observations combined with molecular data show that viviparous phenotypes, formerly treated as S. epiphylla, although largely under genetic control, occur sporadically throughout the ranges of both northern and southern taxa. Collections from northwestern Yunnan and Sichuan are best recognized as Saxifraga geifolia Balf.f., whereas those from southeastern Yunnan and neighboring Guangxi are S. mengtzeana. Peltate‐leaved variants of the latter are given no status and are relegated to complete synonymy. Viviparous phenotypes of S. mengtzeana and S. geifolia are recognized at the rank of forma.
Encapsulation and retention profile of thymol in the preformed “empty” V‐type starch inclusion complex
Authors: Zhou Jingyi , Kong Lingyan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStarch, especially its amylose component can form inclusion complex (IC) with various small molecules, such as flavor and aroma compounds. Complexation of flavor compounds using starch matrices is driven by the hydrophobic interaction and the successful complexation may increase the retention of flavor compounds. In the present study, thymol (2‐isopropyl‐5‐methylphenol) at two different concentrations was introduced into three types of V‐type crystalline starches that have different inner helical cavity size, namely V6h, V7, and V8, and the formed ICs were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading efficiency (LE), and retention profile were determined by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). The results indicated that when preparing ICs using V6h high amylose maize starch (HAMS) at a starch/thymol mass ratio of 2:1, the helical cavity of V6h helices was expanded and resulted in the formation of V7 crystals. Such circumstance could be owing to the cyclic structure of thymol and caused the minor phase transition at T2 of around 110°C observed in DSC. While in other conditions, the complexation with thymol did not alter the structure of starch. The EE and LE results suggested that V6h‐type HAMS exhibits higher capability to encapsulate thymol compared to V7 and V8 HAMS. All ICs demonstrated potent flavor retention ability and retained more than 70% of thymol after 8 h treatment. This study suggested that preformed “empty” V‐type starch could act as a potential matrix to encapsulate thymol, and this encapsulation technology should enable targeted applications of thymol for food processing and formulation applications.