bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of benthic fluxes on nutrient dynamics of bottom water during stratification in a brackish lake
Authors: Kwak Dong-Heui , Jeong Yong-Hoon , Choi Yong-Ho 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We performed in-situ investigations using a benthic lander to examine changes in the sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and benthic nutrient fluxes during development of stratification in the downstream area of an artificially constructed brackish lake, Saemangeum Lake. During each measurement period, the water temperature and salinity in the water column showed a vertically stable stratified structure. The potential energy anomaly (PEA) was 88.1–125.7 J/m3, and the intensity of the stratification gradually strengthened during the entire measurement period. The DO concentration in the bottom water gradually decreased corresponding to the intensified stratification of water with the increase in temperature; thereby, establishing hypoxic conditions. As the stratification intensified, the SOD decreased with the decrease in DO concentration in the bottom water, and the benthic fluxes of NH4-N and PO4-P exhibited the opposite effect. When the effect of offshore water (through the sluice gate of the dike) was insignificant, the SOD contributed 33% of the net DO loss below the pycnocline. During this period, the benthic NH4-N and PO4-P fluxes were estimated to contribute 55% and 87% to the net fluxes of NH4-N and PO4-P, respectively, in the water column below the pycnocline. Additionally, the benthic NH4-N and PO4-P fluxes resulted in excess phosphorus in the bottom water. When the inflow of seawater through the sluice gate is sufficient, the flow in the upstream direction of the bottom layer will move the phosphorus-rich bottom water in the downstream, which is important for algae growth in the middle-upstream.
Effect of Cannabidiol in LPS-induced toxicity in astrocytes: Possible role for cannabinoid type-1 receptors
Authors: IBORK Hind , IDRISSI Sara EL , Zulu Simo SIYANDA , MILLER Robert , HAJJI Lhoussain , MORGAN Annabelle MANALO , TAGHZOUTI Khalid , ABBOUSSI Oualid 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cerebral metabolic abnormalities are common in neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies have shown that mitochondrial damage alters ATP production and increases Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) release which may contribute to neurodegeneration. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive component derived from marijuana (Cannabis sativa L.), on astrocytic bioenergetic balance; in a primary cell culture model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neurotoxicity. Astrocytic metabolic profiling using an extracellular flux analyzer demonstrated that CBD decreases mitochondrial proton leak, increased spare respiratory capacity and coupling efficiency in LPS-stimulated astrocytes. Simultaneously CBD increased astrocytic glycolytic capacity and glycolysis reserve in a cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) dependent manner. CBD-restored metabolic changes were correlated with a significant decrease in the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration, and a reduction of ROS production in LPS-stimulated astrocytes. These results suggest that CBD may inhibit LPS-induced metabolic impairments and inflammation by enhancing astrocytic metabolic glycolysis versus oxidative phosphorylation through its action on CB1 receptors. The present findings suggest CBD as a potential anti-inflammatory treatment in metabolic pathologies and highlight a possible role for the cannabinoidergic system in the modulation of mitochondrial oxidative stress.
Hydro-morphometric characterization and management of a large subtropical coastal wetland (Norte Fluminense, Brazil)
Authors: Guimarães Édson Avelar , Debiase Paula , Kjerfve Björn , Molisani Mauricio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Large coastal wetlands usually consist of diverse geomorphological and hydrological units across continental, coastal, and marine zones. Management focuses on controlling the hydraulic systems. This study proposes hydro-morphometric characterization and management strategies for large complex coastal wetlands based on the coastal plain of the northern region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Our classification high-lights the complexity of these systems, which have been described as inland, marine-coastal and/or man-made wetlands. The delimitation was characterized by the flat to low relief, which comprises 52% of the area studied. The maintenance of the hydro-morphometric features of a wetland system and the operation of the seaward floodgates are fundamental strategies for the management of the system. In addition, a national park plays a key role in implementing management strategies and protecting not only macrohabitat, but also the water connectivity along the margins of the wetland. The occasional opening of the sandbar, connecting coastal lagoons to the coastal ocean, can disrupt water connectivity, and demands the implementation of effective management protocols.
Perception about malaria and understanding of malaria prevention information in selected rural communities of Nigeria
Authors: Oyeleye Solomon Abiodun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Studies have shown that social and cultural factors affect how people perceive diseases. Thus, the area of perception about malaria has been the focus of several scholarly interventions. However there has been limited investigation of the perception of people and their understanding of malaria prevention information in Nigeria. This study, anchored on the Health Belief Model, investigated the perception of selected rural dwellers in Oyo and Osun states, Nigeria, about malaria and their understanding of available malaria prevention information provided by Roll Back Malaria (RBM) in the two states. The study used Survey, Focus Group Discussion and analysis of secondary data. There were 2120 survey respondents selected through multi-stage sampling across 10 local government areas of Oyo and Osun states and 96 participants in 16 focus groups involving men, women and expectant mothers. The result of this study indicates that although respondents had a good understanding of the symptoms of malaria, a significant percentage still had a wrong perception about its cause, respondents had low level of exposure to the malaria prevention information and therefore a low recall of the messages on malaria prevention. Pearson Chi-Square test indicated significant relations between perception of the rural dwellers and their utilization of malaria prevention information (p.value = 37.947, DF = 16, Asymp.Sig. (2-sided) = .002 while a test of correlation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of information about malaria prevention indicated positive and statistically significant relationship between the perception about malaria and knowledge of people of respondents on information on malaria prevention (r = 0.212 p < 0.01). The study recommends state governments should direct their broadcast stations to air malaria prevention jingles regularly as a part of social service among other efforts at devoting more resources to communication activities on the disease.
Two- and Three-Directional Synthesis by 3-7MCRs of Novel (Imidazolidine/Thiazolidine)-2,4-Diones: Characterization, Antibacterial, Anticonvulsant and Molecular Docking Investigation
Authors: Nyaki Hadiseh Yazdani , Mahmoodi Nosrat O. , Nahzomi Hossein Taherpour , Kokhdan Esmaeel Panahi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA variety of new compounds containing two or three biologically active nuclei of imidazolidine-2,4-dione and thiazolidine-2,4-dione (TZD) via optimization two and three directional 3 and 4MCRs Knoevenagel condensation (method A) and two and three directional 5 and 7 MCRs Bucherer-Bergs (method B). The structure of these derivatives was confirmed by FT-IR,1HNMR,13CNMR, and Elemental analysis. To evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of these derivatives, all the compounds were subjected to molecular docking studies for Anticonvulsant Drug Binding (ADB) to the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Inner Pore (VGCIP). The in silico molecular docking study results showed that molecules5c,9,7, and10among the synthesized compounds have the lowest docking score which shows the highest combined desire for the channel and have a good affinity toward the active pocket, thus, they may be considered good anticonvulsant agents. Also, to evaluate the antibacterial properties of these derivatives, they underwent molecular docking studies with four bacterial proteins. Gram-positive bacteria such asB. anthracis(PDB ID: 3TYE) andS. aureus(PDB ID: 3ACX) and gram-negative bacteriaE. coli(PDB ID: 1AB4) andP. aeruginosa(PDB ID: 5U39). The most significant overall score has been obtained forS. aureus(PDB ID: 3ACX) bacteria. A combination of10displays strong antibacterial activity against two gram-positive bacterial and compounds4aand7with gram-negative proteins bacterial. The highest binding affinity is related to compound7for gram-negativeP. aeruginosa(PDB ID: 5U39) bacterial proteins. The antibacterial properties of these derivatives were as well experimentally investigated.
High Throughput Low-Level Testosterone detection in Human Serum using a stand-alone LC-MS/MS Assay with Protein Precipitation
Authors: Fariha Ramisa , Hill Collin , Jabrah Mohannad , Spooner Adam , Tripathi Anubhav 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The use of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry has been pivotal to recent clinical advancements in the detection and monitoring of the progression of different metabolic disorders. Such systems have been used to routinely monitor serum testosterone levels in patients, to both mitigate side effects of different medications, as well as diagnose androgen-associated disorders. To that end, the present study develops and validates an LC-MS/MS-based assay for the detection of total serum testosterone from only (100uL) of sample volume. To further increase the highthroughput capability of the developed diagnostic kit for routine clinical use on patient samples, the proposed method was additionally streamlined via semi-automatation on a JANUS® G3 Workstation liquid handler. The proposed diagnostic kit showcased high detection precision (CV<5%) as well as sample accuracy (93-108%), within a clinically relevant range of testosterone serum concentrations (5-1500ng/dl). Moreover, the assay showcased a lower limit of detection of 0.25ng/mL, which is significantly comparable to commercially established diagnostic tools. The developed method also exhibited high linearity over the specified testosterone serum range, with an obtained linearity of of R2>0.99 using both manual as well as automated sample preparation. Overall, the work shown presents an optimized, automatable LC-MS/MS-based testosterone diagnostic assay for the routine evaluation of patient testosterone levels in serum for clinical and research use.
Closing the knowledge gap on the composition of the asbestos bodies
Authors: Bardelli F. , Giacobbe C. , Ballirano P. , Borelli V. , Benedetto F. Di , Montegrossi G. , Bellis D. , Pacella A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Asbestos bodies (AB) form in the lungs as a result of a biomineralization process initiated by the alveolar macrophages in the attempt to remove asbestos. During this process, organic and inorganic material deposit on the foreign fibers forming an Fe-rich coating. The AB can begin to form in weeks or months, and thus quickly become the actual interface between asbestos and the lung tissue. Therefore, revealing their composition, and, in particular, the chemical form of Fe in the AB is essential to assess their possible role in the pathogenesis of asbestos-related diseases. In this work we report the result of the first X-ray diffraction measurements performed on single AB embedded in the lung tissue samples of former workers of an asbestos plant. The combination with X-ray absorption spectroscopy data allowed to reveal that Fe is present in the AB as an admixture of two Fe-oxy(hydroxides): ferrihydrite and goethite. The presence of goethite, which can be explained in terms of the transformation of ferrihydrite (a metastable phase) due to the acidic conditions induced by the alveolar macrophages, has toxicological implications that are discussed in the paper.
Preoperative albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio is an independent prognostic factor for patients with stage I non small cell lung cancer undergoing surgical resection
Authors: Xu Chunhua , Li Li , Wang Yuchao , Yuan Qi , Wang Wei , Zhang Qian , Chi Chuanzhen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that albumin-to-fibrinogen ratio (AFR) is a novel prognostic biomarker in various diseases. In this study, we investigated the correlation between AFR and clinical outcomes in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Methods
A total of 212 stage I NSCLC patients who underwent surgical resection were enrolled in this study. Risk factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) was evaluated by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression analyses. The association between OS, RFS and AFR was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method using log-rank test.
Results
The AFR was significantly associated with tumor stage. Preoperative AFR was an effective predictor for OS in NSCLC patients with a cut-off value of 10.36 and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.785 (P < 0.001). The univariate and multivariate Cox analyses indicated that AFR was an independent prognostic factor for both OS and RFS (P < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed that patients with high AFR levels showed significantly higher RFS (P = 0.016) and OS (P = 0.041) than those with low AFR levels.
Conclusions
This study indicated that elevated preoperative AFR might be an independent prognostic factor for stage I NSCLC patients.
The Economics of Phosphorus: Does its Price Reflect its Attributes? An economic and geopolitical analysis of the market for phosphate rock
Authors: Bonini Caterina , Wesenbeeck Cornelia F.A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Modern agriculture relies on phosphorus usage through inorganic fertilizers, which are made with phosphorus extracted form of phosphate rock (PR). Fertilizer demand is increasing because of dietary changes and increased population, and is expected to increase at higher rate in the upcoming years. Although the demand is increasing, prices do not seem to reflect the immanent scarcity as phosphate rock mines are being depleted fast. Furthermore, a complex geopolitical economy emerges from a situation of a potential future monopoly of Morocco in the market. This paper firstly, tests whether information regarding phosphate rock scarcity and geopolitical complexity is reflected in its prices by testing whether the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) holds. The analysis demonstrates a market failure, and concludes that this can be attributed to (1) lack of inclusion of all available information in agents’ price expectation formation, (2) uncertainty about the size of reserves, per se and due to technological changes, and (3) the long horizon for full depletion. In addition, we argue that futures prices are inadequate to capture the geopolitical aspect of the market, related to the dominant position of Morocco.
Effect of general and surface anesthesia on micro-plasma radiofrequency of hypertrophic scar: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Meng Fanting , Wu Qian , Fu Qiang , Zhou Guiwen , Tian Xiaoming , Ding Hongfan , Zheng Can , Xu Xiao , Chen Minliang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Although micro-plasma radiofrequency (MPR) treatment has a significant effect on scars, patients require anesthesia to relieve the significant discomfort it produces. Whether anesthesia impacts efficacy is unclear.
Objective
To evaluate the effect of different anesthesia on MPR for hypertrophic scars.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study involving 101 people was conducted to investigate the effectiveness and safety of general and topical anesthetics for the treatment of MPR scars. The primary measures of outcome were the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) scores before the first treatment and six months after the last treatment, as well as the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores on the day and the day after the final treatment.
Results
The differences in scar pigmentation, vascularity, and overall VSS scores were higher in the general anesthesia group than in the surface anesthesia group. Patients in the general anesthesia group had a lower pain level than those in the surface anesthesia group. After adjusting for confounding factors and propensity score matching, the outcome of VSS and VAS scores was stable. There was no statistical difference in the adverse effects and satisfaction between the two groups.
Conclusion
General anesthesia, as opposed to surface anesthesia, may not only ensure safety but also increase the effectiveness of MPR and lessen postoperative pain in the treatment of hypertrophic scars.
CAFs targeted ultrasound-responsive nanodroplets loaded V9302 and GLULsiRNA to inhibit melanoma growth via glutamine metabolic reprogramming and tumor microenvironment remodeling
Authors: Ai Chen , Sun Xiao , Xiao Shan , Guo Lu , Shang Mengmeng , Shi Dandan , Meng Dong , Zhao Yading , Wang Xiaoxuan , Li Jie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Despite rapid advances in metabolic therapies over the past decade, their efficacy in melanoma has been modest, largely due to the interaction between cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and cancer cells to promote cancer growth. Altering the tumor microenvironment(TME)is challenging and elusive. CAFs is critical for glutamine deprivation survival in melanoma. In this research, we assembled a CAFs-targeted, controlled-release nanodroplets for the combined delivery of the amino acid transporter ASCT2 (SLC1A5) inhibitor V9302 and GLULsiRNA (siGLUL). The application of ultrasound-targeted microbubble disruption (UTMD) allows for rapid release of V9302 and siGLUL, jointly breaking the glutamine metabolism interaction between CAFs and cancer cells on one hand, on the other hand, blocking activated CAFs and reducing the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) to facilitate drug penetration. In addition, ultrasound stimulation made siGLUL more accessible to tumor cells and CAFs, downregulating GLUL expression in both cell types. FH-V9302-siGLUL-NDs also serve as contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging agents for tumor-specific imaging. Our study developed and reported ultrasound-enhanced FH-NDs as nanocarriers for V9302 and siGLUL, demonstrating that FH-V9302-siGLUL-NDs have potential bright future applications for integrated diagnostic therapy.
Assessment of Pre-Operative Vitamin D Serum Levels in Thyroid Cancer Patients
Authors: Alsalem Abdulaziz A , Alnasser Abdulaziz A , Althanayan Thamer A , Alarifi Abdulaziz K , Alessa Mohammed A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and thyroid cancer (TC) incidence and the effect of pre-operative vitamin D supplementation.
Methods
This retrospective case-control study was conducted on patients who underwent thyroidectomy at King Abdulaziz Medical City from January 2016 to January 2022. Their pre-operative vitamin D serum levels and histopathology of resected thyroid nodule (TN) were evaluated. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was computed to determine the relationship between serum 25(OH) D level and TC.
Results
A total of 633 patients were included in the study, with 325 malignant TN cases and 308 benign TN cases as control. TC group had significantly higher serum 25(OH) D levels than the controls (51.12 nmol/L vs. 46.17 nmol/L, p-value = 0.037). However, there was no significant difference between the groups on serum 25(OH) D level, once categorised into deficient, inadequate, normal, or high. Patients on Vitamin D supplements had a lower incidence of TC (45.5%) than those not on Vitamin D supplements (57.5%), with a significant (p-value = 0.003). In multivariable regression models, patients who took Vitamin D supplements had a 37% lower risk of having TC than those who did not (OR = 0.634; 95% CI = 0.460–0.873).
Conclusion
There was no significant correlation between Vitamin D deficiency and TC. However, patients on Vitamin D supplements had a lower risk of developing TC than those who had not. Further prospective studies are necessary to clarify the function of this factor.
Android Malware Detection System Based on Ensemble Learning
Authors: AbuAlghanam Orieb , Alazzam Hadeel , Qatawneh Mohammad , Aladwan Omar , Alsharaiah Mohammad A. , Almaiah Mohammed Amin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The rapid advancement of smartphones, as well as their widespread use, has resulted in a significant increase in new security concerns. Malware’s covert techniques make signature-based anti-virus/anti-malware solutions difficult to detect. The features used in such solutions are extracted from static or dynamic analysis. In this paper, an Android malware detection system has been proposed. It consists of two main subsystems that work in parallel, one has been trained for benign labeled apps while the second one has been trained on malware labeled apps. Each subsystem is based on an ensemble approach that consists of OC-SVM, LOF, and modified isolation forest (M-iForest) classifiers. Each subsystem used three one-class classifiers to take the decision in each subsystem independently. Moreover, each subsystem used both features that are extracted from static and dynamic malware analysis. The evaluation has been conducted based on two An-droid malware benchmark datasets which are DREBIN and CICAndMal2017. The proposed system achieved the highest accuracy compared to other related techniques; The accuracy for the DREBIN dataset was 98.7%, and 95.67% F-Score, while the accuracy for CICAndMal2017 was 98.99% and F-Score of 96.82%.