bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poverty decompositions with counterfactual income and inequality dynamics
Authors: Hartmann Vanessa , Wacker Konstantin M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTraditional poverty accounting decomposes changes in a country's poverty headcount ratio into changes in income and inequality. We argue that this approach is unsatisfactory from the perspective of policy analysis because it compares a country in two points of time without taking the country's initial situation, and hence its potential for poverty reduction, into account. We thus suggest comparing traditional poverty decompositions with a counterfactual situation. This counterfactual indicates what a country starting from its initial situation could be expected to achieve in terms of income, inequality, and, hence, poverty developments. We construct those counterfactuals by modeling income and inequality trends characterized by convergence and a “Kuznets” relationship between inequality and development. Parameters in those relationships are estimated using PovcalNet survey data from 144 countries and we construct our counterfactual poverty predictions for 71 developing countries. While there is overall a tight relationship between actual developments and counterfactuals, we identify several cases, where both deviate from each other and discuss the policy implications. We also check for commonalities in differently performing countries and find that those who fell particularly short of expectations often underwent political transition and state fragility.
A non‐canonical function of Arabidopsis ERECTA proteins and a role of the SWI3B subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex in gibberellin signaling
Authors: Sarnowska Elzbieta , Kubala Szymon , Cwiek Pawel , Sacharowski Sebastian , Oksinska Paulina , Steciuk Jaroslaw , Zaborowska Magdalena , Szurmak Jakub M. , Dubianski Roman , Maassen Anna , Stachowiak Malgorzata , Huettel Bruno , Ciesla Monika , Nowicka Klaudia , Rolicka Anna T. , Alseekh Saleh , Bucior Ernest , Franzen Rainer , Skoneczna Anna , Domagalska Malgorzata A. , Amar Samija , Hajirezaei Mohammad‐Reza , Siedlecki Janusz A. , Fernie Alisdair R. , Davis Seth J. , Sarnowski Tomasz J. 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYThe Arabidopsis ERECTA family (ERf) of leucine‐rich repeat receptor‐like kinases (LRR‐RLKs) comprising ERECTA (ER), ERECTA‐LIKE 1 (ERL1), and ERECTA‐LIKE 2 (ERL2) controls epidermal patterning, inflorescence architecture, and stomata development and patterning. These proteins are reported to be plasma membrane associated. Here we show that the er/erl1/erl2 mutant exhibits impaired gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis and perception alongside broad transcriptional changes. The ERf kinase domains were found to localize to the nucleus where they interact with the SWI3B subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex (CRCs). The er/erl1/erl2 mutant exhibits reduced SWI3B protein level and affected nucleosomal chromatin structure. Similar to swi3c and brm plants with inactivated subunits of SWI/SNF CRCs, it also does not accumulate DELLA RGA and GAI proteins. The ER kinase phosphorylates SWI3B in vitro, and the inactivation of all ERf proteins leads to the decreased phosphorylation of SWI3B protein in vivo. The identified correlation between DELLA overaccumulation and SWI3B proteasomal degradation, and the physical interaction of SWI3B with DELLA proteins indicate an important role of SWI3B‐containing SWI/SNF CRCs in gibberellin signaling. Co‐localization of ER and SWI3B on GID1 (GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF 1) DELLA target gene promoter regions and abolished SWI3B binding to GID1 promoters in er/erl1/erl2 plants supports the conclusion that ERf‐SWI/SNF CRC interaction is important for transcriptional control of GA receptors. Thus, the involvement of ERf proteins in the transcriptional control of gene expression, and observed similar features for human HER2 (epidermal growth family receptor member), indicate an exciting target for further studies of evolutionarily conserved non‐canonical functions of eukaryotic membrane receptors.
Blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled study of the efficacy of bupivacaine liposomal suspension using static bodyweight distribution and subjective pain scoring in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy surgery
Authors: Aldrich Lauren A. , Upchurch David A. , Roush James K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the analgesic effect of surgical wound infiltration with liposomal bupivacaine (LB) to saline placebo in dogs after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO).Study designBlinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled clinical prospective study.AnimalsFifteen client‐owned dogs receiving LB and 17 dogs receiving an equivalent volume of saline placebo, all with confirmed unilateral cranial cruciate ligament insufficiency.MethodsPreoperatively and up to 48 h after surgery, Glasgow Composite Measure Short Form (CMPS‐SF) pain scores were assigned and using a weight distribution platform, static bodyweight distribution (%BWdist) to the operated limb was measured. Postoperatively, dogs also received carprofen 2.2 mg/kg subcutaneously every 12 h. Rescue analgesia was provided. Treatment success was defined as not requiring rescue analgesia over the 48‐h postoperative period.ResultsThere was no difference between treatment success, postoperative opioid consumption, CMPS‐SF pain scores, or %BWdist in dogs that received surgical wound infiltration with LB compared with those receiving saline placebo, following TPLO. There was no linear correlation between CMPS‐SF pain scores and %BWdist.ConclusionFor the population of dogs that underwent TPLO and received postoperative carprofen at our institution, LB did not provide an analgesic effect discernable by success/failure analysis, CMPS‐SF pain scores, or %BWdist measurement using a weight distribution platform, compared with saline placebo.Clinical significanceLB may not provide detectable analgesia during the first 48 h for dogs recovering from TPLO and receiving only postoperative carprofen.
Control Oriented Modeling, Experimentation, and Stability Analysis of an Autorotating Samara
Authors: McConnell Jonathan , Das Tuhin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a control-oriented model for describing the steady-state and dynamic behavior of a single-winged samara seed-pod in autorotative descent. A negligible lateral center of mass motion and constant, prescribed roll-angle to develop a simplified and compact model. Spanwise aerodynamic dependence is exchanged for an independent blade element representation with two tuned parameters to account for the effects of leading-edge vortex phenomena. The resulting model is a fourth-order nonlinear dynamical system. The accuracy of this model is established by validating it against our own experimental data as well as against those reported in the literature by other researchers. The validation exercise reveals that zero roll-angle is a viable assumption that significantly reduces model complexity while retaining accuracy. A necessary condition is derived for the existence of steady autorotation of the samara under free descent. Furthermore, a stability analysis is conducted suggesting that the eigenvalues of the fourth-order system, linearized about the autorotational equilibrium, can be well-represented by those of two decoupled two-dimensional systems. The analysis reveals the critical parameters that determine stability of sustained autorotation. Such stability analysis provides a platform for similar analytical exploration of future model improvements. The validity of this compact model suggests the plausibility of designing and controlling simple autorotative mechanisms based on these dynamics.
Heat and Mass Transfer, Quality, Performance Analysis, and Modeling of Thin Layer Drying Kinetics of Banana Slices
Authors: Kushwah Anand , Kumar Anil , Gaur Manoj Kumar , Pal Amit 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, experimental works were carried out in three different drying methods named heat exchanger-evacuated tube-assisted drying system (HE-ETADS), greenhouse solar dryer (GHSD), and open sun drying (OSD) to compare thin-layer drying kinetics, concept of mass transfer, and quality assessment of banana slices. Initial moisture content (MC) of banana slices was obtained as 78 ± 2.0% (wb), which decreased to 23.2 ± 2.0% (wb), 25.6 ± 2.0% (wb), and 28.8 ± 2.0% (wb) in all three drying systems, respectively, in 9 h of drying time. Average drying rate was evaluated as 7.89, 7.65, and 7.25 g water/g solid h in HE-ETADS, GHSD, and OSD, respectively. Weibull model (WM) defines thin-layer drying kinetics of banana slices in all three drying processes. Maximum hardness and shrinkage factor of dried banana slices were obtained as 373.6 g and 75%, respectively, in HE-ETADS. Effective moisture diffusivity, activation energy, and mass transfer coefficient were computed as 1.11–2.48 × 10−07 m2 s−1, 30.25 kJ/mole, and 3.21–1.0 × 10−04 m/s, in HE-ETADS. Similarly, in GHSD and OSD, these factors were observed as 1.21–2.34 × 10−07 m2 s−1, 41.25 kJ/mole, 3.15–1.0 × 10−04 m/s and 1.3–2.21 × 10−07 m2 s−1, 56.89 kJ/mole, 3.01–1.0 × 10−04 m/s. Maximum total color changes were noted in OSD. Hence, HE-ETADS can potentially dry high moisture content crops effectively within a minimum drying period.
Underwater Propulsion Using Forced Excitation of a Flexible Beam
Authors: Aspelund Sanders , Abdullatif Mahmoud , Mukherjee Ranjan , Hellum Aren 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aquatic animals commonly oscillate their fins, tails, or other structures to propel and control themselves in water. These elements are not perfectly rigid, so the interplay between their stiffness and the fluid loading dictates their dynamics. We examine the propulsive qualities of a tail-like flexible beam actuated by a dynamic moment over a range of frequencies and flow speeds. This is accomplished using the equations of fluid-immersed beams in combination with a set of tractable expressions for thrust and efficiency. We solve these expressions over the velocity–frequency plane and show that the flexible propulsor has regions of both positive and negative thrust. We also show the behavior of a sample underwater vehicle with fixed drag characteristics as an illustration of a realizable system.
Unidirectional imaging using deep learning–designed materials
Authors: Li Jingxi , Gan Tianyi , Zhao Yifan , Bai Bijie , Shen Che-Yung , Sun Songyu , Jarrahi Mona , Ozcan Aydogan 
Published: April 2023

A unidirectional imager would only permit image formation along one direction, from an input field-of-view (FOV) A to an output FOV B, and in the reverse path, B → A, the image formation would be blocked. We report the first demonstration of unidirectional imagers, presenting polarization-insensitive and broadband unidirectional imaging based on successive diffractive layers that are linear and isotropic. After their deep learning–based training, the resulting diffractive layers are fabricated to form a unidirectional imager. Although trained using monochromatic illumination, the diffractive unidirectional imager maintains its functionality over a large spectral band and works under broadband illumination. We experimentally validated this unidirectional imager using terahertz radiation, well matching our numerical results. We also created a wavelength-selective unidirectional imager, where two unidirectional imaging operations, in reverse directions, are multiplexed through different illumination wavelengths. Diffractive unidirectional imaging using structured materials will have numerous applications in, e.g., security, defense, telecommunications, and privacy protection.
Shallow and deep subsurface sediment remobilization and intrusion in the Middle Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous Agardhfjellet Formation (Svalbard)
Authors: Ogata Kei , Weert Annelotte , Betlem Peter , Birchall Thomas , Senger Kim 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sedimentary injectites are increasingly documented in many hydrocarbon plays at various scales, either interpreted as potential risks (e.g., topseal bypass, a drilling hazard) or benefits (e.g., reservoir interconnection, increased hydrocarbon volumes) for production operations. As such, they have potential critical implications for the assessment of suitability for CO2 injection and sequestration. Detailed characterization of such units, especially in terms of diagenesis and (paleo) fluid flow, is directly achievable at outcrop scale, overcoming dimensional and time constraints otherwise unresolvable at seismic scale.
Two sedimentary injection complexes have been recognized in the succession of the Middle Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Agardhfjellet Formation exposed at Deltaneset, central Spitsbergen, Norway, at different stratigraphic levels. The upper complex comprises two main clastic dikes characterized by different orientation and consolidation, tapering out vertically (upward and downward) within a stratigraphic thickness and lateral extent of more than 50 m and 200 m, respectively. The lower complex is coarser grained, made up by a network of interconnected dikes and sills, shooting off from isolated lenticular and morphologically articulated bodies, interpreted as sedimentary intrusions linked to seafloor extrusion (sand volcano). Petrographic and micromorphological analyses were used to identify the underlying lithologies of the Late Triassic to Middle Jurassic Wilhelmøya Subgroup as the possible source of this remobilized material for both the upper and lower complexes. This subsurface remobilization and consequent intrusion were first achieved in the lower complex during the Late Jurassic at shallow burial conditions, and then at higher confinement pressure for the upper complex, probably during the Late Cretaceous. These results highlight how field data can be used to constrain longlived spatiotemporal relationships of sedimentary intrusions, allowing a finely tuned upscaling of seismic data and interpretations.
Reconstructing the erosional and tectonic record of Laramide contraction to Rio Grande rift extension, southern Indio Mountains, western Texas, USA
Authors: Conley Aaron , Ramirez Samantha E. , Ricketts Jason W. , Langford Richard P. , Pavlis Terry L. , Heizler Matthew T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRocks exposed in the southern Indio Mountains provide an important geologic record of the transition from Laramide contraction to Rio Grande rift extension. These rocks include (1) a package of folded and faulted Mesozoic rocks deformed during Laramide compression, (2) Eocene volcanic and sedimentary rocks that are tilted (but not folded) and fill a paleovalley, and (3) Miocene conglomerate deposited within a Rio Grande rift halfgraben. We present a combination of geologic mapping, sedimentological and structural analysis, and geothermochronology to document the timing and nature of this transition in western Texas as an important comparison with the more thoroughly studied tectonic and erosional history of New Mexico and Colorado. Detailed geologic mapping and cross-section reconstruction reveal a highly irregular angular unconformity overlying Mesozoic rocks and that post-Laramide topography funneled local Eocene deposition through an EW-trending paleovalley. New and existing 40Ar/39Ar geochronology constrains the timing of paleovalley deposition to 38.1–36.6 Ma. The presence of megabreccia units, coupled with paleoflow analysis, argue that major Laramide topographic relief in western Texas persisted into the Middle Eocene and that detritus was shed toward the Tornillo basin to the east. These data, when viewed within the context of regional tectonic patterns, suggest that Laramide deformation in western Texas had ceased by 38.1 Ma, although they do not preclude translation along an underlying buried thrust. Eocene paleovalley cutting and filling are reminiscent of widespread Eocene erosion and fluvial deposition that occurred in Colorado and northern New Mexico and suggest that this event may have been more widespread than previously thought, extending into Chihuahua and western Texas.Subsequent Rio Grande rift extension occurred primarily along several NW-striking normal faults that dissected the older structures and the paleovalley and led to deposition of conglomerate within a half-graben. Apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronology applied to normal fault footwall rocks indicates exhumational cooling was occurring by 27 Ma, and detrital sanidine 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of basin fill indicates a maximum depositional age of 11.9 Ma. Clast count data from the conglomerate show a prominent unroofing trend, wherein clasts include locally derived Mesozoic units and Eocene volcanic rocks.
Altered cytokeratin 5 expression in breast lobular myoepithelial cells
Authors: Li Anqi , Ruan Miao , Fei Xiaochun , Xu Haimin , Deng Shijie , Bi Rui , Yang Wentao , Dong Lei 
Published: April 2023

AimsCytokeratin 5 (CK5) is a surrogate maker of progenitor cells and early glandular and myoepithelial cells (MECs) in the breast, and CK5 expression in breast MECs varies from ducts to lobules, and from normal to diseased tissue. However, the mechanisms underlying immunophenotypic alterations of CK5 expression in MECs remain unclear.MethodsCK5 expression in MECs of 20 normal breast samples, 58 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; including 21 DCIS with extensive lobular involvement), 11 atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), 18 non-invasive lobular neoplasia consisting of 11 atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) and 7 lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), 20 cystic lobules and 10 usual ductal hyperplasia (UDH) involving lobules were observed to evaluate the effects of contact with benign hyperplastic or cancerous luminal cells and pressure of dilated glands on CK5 expression.ResultsCK5 expression in normal ductal MECs was exclusively positive, whereas most normal lobular MECs were negative. In DCIS, cancerous ducts were primarily surrounded by CK5-positive MECs (91.0%), as were lobular acini involved by DCIS (89.2%), while the remaining normal acini maintained CK5-negative. CK5-positive MECs were found in 57.5% of acini in ALH and were more prevalent in LCIS (70.7%). CK5 expression was occasionally positive in both cystic lobules (16.7%) and lobules involved by UDH (14.3%), while an increase of CK5-positive MECs was found in ADH (38.2%).ConclusionsThese results suggest that CK5 expression in lobular MECs may be altered by contact with cancerous luminal cells rather than benign hyperplastic luminal cells or pressure from dilated glands.
Use of cytokine-induced killer cell therapy in patients with colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Celine Man Ying , Tomita Yoko , Dhakal Bimala , Li Runhao , Li Jun , Drew Paul , Price Timothy , Smith Eric , Maddern Guy J , Fenix Kevin Aaron 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe number of clinical studies evaluating the benefit of cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK) therapy, an adoptive immunotherapy, for colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing. In many of these trials, CIK therapy was coadministered with conventional cancer therapy. The aim of this review is to systematically assess the available literature, in which the majority were only in Chinese, on CIK therapy for the management of CRC using meta-analysis and to identify parameters associated with successful CIK therapy implementation.MethodsProspective and retrospective clinical studies which compared CIK therapy to non-CIK therapy in patients with CRC were searched for electronically on MEDLINE, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data databases. The clinical endpoints of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), OS and PFS rates, overall response rate (ORR), and toxicity were meta-analyzed using HR and relative ratio (RR), and subgroup analyses were performed using chi-square (χ2) test and I-squared (I2) statistics for study design, disease stage, cotherapy type, and timing of administration.ResultsIn total, 70 studies involving 6743 patients were analyzed. CIK therapy was favored over non-CIK therapy for OS (HR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.65), PFS (HR=0.55, 95% CI: 0.47 to 0.63), and ORR (RR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.57 to 0.74) without increasing toxicity (HR=0.59, 95% CI: 0.16 to 2.25). Subgroup analyses on OS and PFS by study design (randomized vs non-randomized study design), disease stage (Stage I–III vs Stage IV), cotreatment with dendritic cells (DCs) (CIK vs DC-CIK therapy), or timing of therapy administration (concurrent vs sequential with coadministered anticancer therapy) also showed that the clinical benefit of CIK therapy was robust in any subgroup analysis. Furthermore, cotreatment with DCs did not improve clinical outcomes over CIK therapy alone.ConclusionCompared with standard therapy, patients who received additional CIK cell therapy had favorable outcomes without increased toxicity, warranting further investigation into CIK therapy for the treatment of CRC.
Theoretical study of Sutterby nanofluid considering heat sink/source and activation energy
Authors: Irfan M. , Arshad Z. , Khan W. A. , Nadeem Aamir 
Published: April 2023

Recently, the polymer methodologies, in addition to polymer melt, are actually the rheological occurrences containing the normal stresses, non-Newtonian viscous influence and fluctuating with respect to the time elastic properties. The Sutterby liquid that defines the governing model for extremely polymeric aqueous solutions is amongst the utmost essential non-Newtonian liquids. The scientists have established a massive obligation to re-establish exhausting Sutterby nanofluids for heat transfer with respect to the numerous uses of nanofluids. Here, in this paper, the thought of Sutterby nanofluid considering the aspects of activation energy has been elaborated. Additionally, the heat sink/source and magnetic properties have been studied. The suitable conversions have been utilized to attain the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and solved via bvp4c algorithm. The study indicated that velocity field decays for magnetic factor; however, temperature field enhancing for Brownian and thermophoresis is a factor. Furthermore, activation energy and Lewis factors, respectively, have a reversed impact on the concentration field.
Genetic Modulation of BET1L Confers Colorectal Cancer Susceptibility by Reducing miRNA Binding and m6A Modification
Authors: Li Shuwei , Du Mulong , Xu Kaili , Ben Shuai , Zhu Tianru , Guo Mengfan , Xin Junyi , Zhu Lingjun , Gu Dongying , Zhang Zhengdong , Wang Meilin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Genetic variants in regions encoding 3′ untranslated regions (UTR) of mRNA potentially alter miRNA binding affinity and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) levels to affect gene expression. A better understanding of the association of these variants with colorectal cancer susceptibility could facilitate development of cancer prevention and treatment approaches. Here, we analyzed miRNA expression profiles and integrated genetic analyses from 8,533 individuals to evaluate the effects of altered miRNA-binding sites on colorectal cancer risk. The single-nucleotide polymorphism rs11245997 in the BET1L 3′UTR was significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk. The rs11245997 A allele facilitated BET1L expression by disrupting miR-140–3p binding. It also reduced BET1L m6A modification, which upregulated BET1L expression levels through a mechanism mediated by the m6A methyltransferases (METTL14 and WTAP) and the m6A demethylase ALKBH5. Moreover, higher expression of BET1L was associated with advanced tumor stages and poor patient prognosis. Increased BET1L expression promoted growth of colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, which could be partially rescued with miR-140–3p overexpression. RNA sequencing and pathway analyses indicated that BET1L is associated with the steroid biosynthesis pathway through regulation of HSD17B7, CYP27B1, and COMT. These findings provide insights into the involvement of genetic variants of BET1L in the development and progression of colorectal cancer.

Significance:
The integration of miRNA expression profiles and genetic variants identified rs11245997 as a colorectal cancer risk-related variant that reduces miR-140–3p binding and m6A modification, leading to BET1L upregulation to promote colorectal tumorigenesis.