bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intersystem crossing and intramolecular triplet excitation energy transfer in spiro[9,10-dihydro-9-oxoanthracene-10,2′-5′,6′-benzindan] investigated by DFT/MRCI methods
Authors: Metz Simon , Böhmer Tobias , Raunitschke Ben , Marian Christel M. 
Published: December 2022

Recent experimental studies of a spiro-linked anthracenone (A)–naphthalene (N) compound (AN) in butyronitrile (BuCN) solution (Dobkowski et al., J. Phys. Chem. A 2019, 123, 6978) proposed an excited-state energy dissipation pathway [1ππ* (N) + 1ππ*(A)]↝1 nπ* (A)↝3 nπ* (A)↝3ππ*(N). However, a detailed theoretical study employing combined density functional theory and multireference configuration interaction methods, performed in the present work, suggests that the photoexcitation decay follows a different pathway. In BuCN solution, the intersystem crossing (ISC) follows the well-established El-Sayed rule and involves the 3ππ*(A) state which is found to be the lowest excited triplet state localized on the anthracenone moiety. Because the Dexter triplet excitation energy transfer (TEET) to the first excited triplet state of the naphthalene subunit is forbidden in C2 v symmetry, it is mandatory to go beyond the Condon approximation in modeling this process. Nonadiabatic coupling matrix elements were computed to obtain a TEET rate different from zero. Our calculations yield time constants of 5 ps for the 1 nπ* (A)↝3ππ* (A) ISC and of 3 ps for the subsequent 3ππ* (A)↝3ππ* (N) TEET in BuCN whereas the energy dissipation involving the 3 nπ*(A) state as an intermediate occurs on a much longer time scale.
Simplified models of vector SU(4) leptoquarks at the TeV
Authors: Barbieri Riccardo , Cornella Claudia , Isidori Gino 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAssuming confirmation of the anomalies in semi-leptonic B-decays, their explanation in terms of the exchange of a massive vector leptoquark field, $$U_{\mu }^a$$

U

μ

a

, of charge 2/3, appears to require the inclusion of $$U_{\mu }^a$$

U

μ

a

in the vector multiplet of the adjoint of Pati–Salam SU(4), $${\mathcal {G}}_{\mu }^A$$

G

μ

A

, as well as the introduction of vector-like fermions, $$F_j$$

F
j

, in the fundamental of SU(4). We consider simplified models characterised by the nature of the SU(4) symmetry (global or local), by the number of vector-like fermions, and by the couplings of the Higgs boson to SM fermions (direct or induced by mixing with the vector-like fermions). In all cases, we implement a minimal breaking of a $$U(2)^n_f$$

U

(
2
)

f
n

flavour symmetry, with a single motivated exception. We then perform a global fit including the main observables sensitive to exchanges of the $${\mathcal {G}}_{\mu }^A$$

G

μ

A

at tree level and in loops dominated by logs insensitive to the UV completion.
Review Article on the Relationship between Spondyloarthritis and Osteoporosis
Authors: Kwok Wing Sum , Chung Ho Yin 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: To investigate the relationship between spondyloarthritis (SpA) and osteoporosis including any association or prediction, and hence suggesting a plan of screening and management for osteoporosis in SpA. Methods: 168 and 538 research articles with keywords “osteoporosis” and “spondyloarthritis” or “ankylosing spondylitis” conducted between 1990 and 2021 were collected in Medline and PubMed, respectively. Focused review was conducted in 34 articles. Results: Osteoporosis is a common comorbidity in both ankylosing spondylitis and spondyloarthropathy as suggested by multiple studies across different countries, with a reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and altered bone microarchitecture in vertebrae and cortical bone of proximal femur, leading to an increased risk of vertebral fractures and sarcopenia. Associated factors include male sex, advanced age, long disease duration, high serum erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), decreased femoral and lateral lumbar BMD, and high radiological indices. It is likely to be related to chronic systemic inflammation and immobility. Serum uric acid level, certain genes and antibodies may also contribute to the pathology. The likelihood of osteoporosis in SpA can be evaluated by trabecular bone score, which are negatively correlated with serum levels of ESR and C-reactive protein (CRP). Alendronate with adequate dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D is the recommended management. Conclusion: The prevalence of osteoporosis is higher in patients with SpA due to the chronic presence of pro-inflammatory cytokines, functional impairment, and steroid therapy. With the help of inflammatory markers, imaging and radiological indices, the risk of osteoporosis, and vertebral fractures can be predicted. The management plan should be modified to include prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
Assessing six decades of rabies in the Philippines
Authors: Morilla Ralf Benjo Goder , Cabanlit Kathleen Laum , Luga Angel Mae Frias , Demayo Chin-Chin Jimenea , Sidic Jamerah Baniaga , Demayo Cesar Guinanao 
Published: December 2022

<p>Despite initiatives to address the disease, rabies remains a public health threat in the Philippines. To determine the trend of rabies infections in the country and provide possible interventions to reduce or eliminate deaths of the affected, we evaluated rabies morbidity and mortality statistics over sixty years. Over the last six decades, rabies mortality rates in the Philippines have steadily decreased. The Philippines' rabies sex-specific mortality rate trend from 1960 to 2019 showed that males account for higher rabies mortality than females. People aged 70 and up have the highest mortality rate, while children under the age of 1 have the lowest. The region with the highest mortality rate in the Philippines is region II (Cagayan Valley), with 39.5. The region with the highest morbidity rate is XI (Davao region), with 148.7. The correlation value was 0.197, indicating a weak correlation between regional morbidity and mortality rates in the Philippines over the years. Hence, those who have contracted rabies are less likely to die over time. Comprehensive control measures by both the national and local government units should be strengthened to eliminate rabies in the Philippines within the next few years.</p>
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Seizure Prophylaxis Among Adults After Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Moura Lidia M.V.R. , Donahue Maria A. , Yan Zhiyu , Smith Louisa H. , Hsu John , Newhouse Joseph P. , Schwamm Lee H. , Haneuse Sebastien , Hernandez-Diaz Sonia , Blacker Deborah 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Older adults occasionally receive seizure prophylaxis in an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) setting, despite safety concerns. There are no trial data available about the net impact of early seizure prophylaxis on post-AIS survival.

Methods:
Using a stroke registry (American Heart Association’s Get With The Guidelines) individually linked to electronic health records, we examined the effect of initiating seizure prophylaxis (ie, epilepsy-specific antiseizure drugs) within 7 days of an AIS admission versus not initiating in patients ≥65 years admitted for a new, nonsevere AIS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Severity score ≤20) between 2014 and 2021 with no recorded use of epilepsy-specific antiseizure drugs in the previous 3 months. We addressed confounding by using inverse-probability weights. We performed standardization accounting for pertinent clinical and health care factors (eg, National Institutes of Health Stroke Severity scale, prescription counts, seizure-like events).

Results:
The study sample included 151 patients who received antiseizure drugs and 3020 who did not. The crude 30-day mortality risks were 219 deaths per 1000 patients among epilepsy-specific antiseizure drugs initiators and 120 deaths per 1000 among noninitiators. After standardization, the estimated mortality was 251 (95% CI, 190–307) deaths per 1000 among initiators and 120 (95% CI, 86–144) deaths per 1000 among noninitiators, corresponding to a risk difference of 131 (95% CI, 65–200) excess deaths per 1000 patients. In the prespecified subgroup analyses, the risk difference was 52 (95% CI, 11–72) among patients with minor AIS and 138 (95% CI, 52–222) among moderate-to-severe AIS patients. Similarly, the risk differences were 86 (95% CI, 18–118) and 157 (95% CI, 57–219) among patients aged 65 to 74 years and ≥75 years, respectively.

Conclusions:
There was a higher risk of 30-day mortality associated with initiating versus not initiating seizure prophylaxis within 7 days post-AIS. This study does not support the role of seizure prophylaxis in reducing 30-day poststroke mortality.
A Framework for Modifying Orchestral Qualities in Computer-Aided Orchestration
Authors: Ghisi Daniele , Cella Carmine-Emanuele 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article introduces the Orchidea Orchestral Qualities framework (OOQ), an extension of the Orchidea environment for computer-aided orchestration. Traditional target-based orchestration generally reconstructs a target sound “as faithfully as possible” with a collection of samples. But more often than not, composers do not have specific targets in mind while performing orchestration tasks. A large class of orchestration practices deal with the transformation of musical material to enhance or reduce certain of its qualities (such as making a score more “brilliant,” “blurry,” “dense,” and so on). The OOQ framework implements this idea by making use of an analogy with digital signal processing. Scores and sounds are no longer used as targets, but rather as “sources” to be processed, not unlike what happens within a channel strip of a modern digital audio workstation. This article presents the rationale behind the OOQ framework, describes the behavior of its modules, and traces a path for future research on the subject.
How to Represent Part-Whole Hierarchies in a Neural Network
Authors: Hinton Geoffrey 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article does not describe a working system. Instead, it presents a single idea about representation that allows advances made by several different groups to be combined into an imaginary system called GLOM.1 The advances include transformers, neural fields, contrastive representation learning, distillation, and capsules. GLOM answers the question: How can a neural network with a fixed architecture parse an image into a part-whole hierarchy that has a different structure for each image? The idea is simply to use islands of identical vectors to represent the nodes in the parse tree. If GLOM can be made to work, it should significantly improve the interpretability of the representations produced by transformer-like systems when applied to vision or language.
Nothobomolochus oomenatsutobi sp. nov. (Copepoda, Cyclopoida, Bomolochidae) parasitic on the limpid-wing flyingfish Cheilopogon unicolor (Valenciennes, 1847) (Beloniformes, Exocoetidae) in Japan
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nothobomolochus oomenatsutobi sp. nov. is described based on specimens of both sexes recovered from the bucco-branchial cavity of the limpid-wing flyingfish Cheilopogon unicolor (Valenciennes, 1847) in Japan. This species was dealt with previously as N. cypseluri (Yamaguti, 1953) by Izawa (2020).
Oxygen uptake by wrack- and driftwood-acclimated populations of Platorchestia platensis (Amphipoda, Talitridae) during feeding and fasting
Authors: Wildish D. J. , Poole N. J. , De Jourdan B. , Durante J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Oxygen uptake rates were measured in fasted and fed Platorchestia platensis (Krøyer, 1845) to estimate the energy required for ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation and growth. A modified population specific dynamic action model (SDApop) was compared between two populations fed either wrack or driftwood. Results reject the null hypothesis: that both populations have equal energy requirements during digestion, as might be the case if native enzymes alone were involved. The alternate hypothesis that driftwood-fed P. platensis have a significantly lower SDA than wrack-fed ones was supported. Our oxygen uptake measurement experiments could not distinguish between two possible causes of the lower energetic costs associated with driftwood-fed P. platensis: driftwood as a poor-quality food and/or a microbial subsidy effect. Preliminary microbiological studies of P. platensis do support the subsidy effect, because cellulose-degrading bacteria and filamentous fungi were present in whole body tissues from the animal. Wrack and driftwood culture treatments of P. platensis supported a different cellulose-degrading microbiome between the two treatments.
Comparison in biochemical composition and nutritional value of the invasive Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, from Lake IJsselmeer, The Netherlands, and its natural habitat, the Yangtze River, China
Authors: Chang Guoliang , Wang Zhiyan , Jiang Xiaodong , Zhang Min , Seinen Ferdinand , Wu Xugan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, as an invasive species, has formed a large wild population and become a new fishery resource in Lake IJsselmeer (IL) of The Netherlands. This study was conducted to quantify edible tissue indices, proximate composition, fatty acid and amino acid contents of crabs collected from IL, and make a comparison with wild crabs from the species’ native habitat, the Yangtze River (YZ). It showed that: (1) YZ had a significantly higher meat yield and total edible yield; (2) YZ showed higher lipid and protein contents at a lower gonadosomatic index; (3) IL had a higher level of C20:4n6, C20:5n3 and C22:6n3 in the hepatopancreas, and higher EPA and DHA in the ovaries; (4) although YZ has a clear advantage, both IL and YZ muscle were high in contents of essential as well as delicious amino acids. In conclusion, adult E. sinensis living in IL, The Netherlands, also have a rich nutritional value with a high edible yield.
Uncanny Brains versus a Lived-Body: Reflections on the “Hard Problem” of Consciousness
Authors: Ataria Yochai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The natural sciences seek to explain all natural phenomena, including human beings. This lofty objective encompasses the scientific project in all its glory, within which brain science constitutes an integral part. Essentially, however, neuroscientists not only seek to achieve a greater understanding of how the human brain works but rather, and perhaps mainly, aspire to understand human consciousness, that is, the subjective experience. According to this approach, consciousness is merely brain activity, and thus any progress in the study of the brain represents an advance in the study of consciousness. Yet, despite the many and impressive neuroscientific achievements, when it comes to understanding human consciousness, this discipline cannot deliver the goods. This ongoing failure, so it will be suggested, arouses uncanny anxiety, largely because consciousness is the only phenomenon in which we have complete confidence. The present article suggests that in order to advance our understanding of the subjective experience, we must focus on how the body is thrown into the world in the here-and-now.
The Strategic and Paradoxical Usage of Phenomenology in Foucault’s Archaeology
Authors: Lau Kwok-Ying 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It is well-known that the mature Foucault, while recognizing the influence of phenomenology on him during his youth, declared his anti-phenomenological position since his archeological breakthrough. This paper tries to argue and show that though phenomenology is an object of criticism of Foucault’s archaeology, it nonetheless plays a paradoxical and strategic role in the construction of the archaeological project. Though Foucault undertakes in The Birth of the Clinic a critical deconstruction of phenomenology as positivism, against the open anti-positivist declaration of phenomenology itself, in the Archeology of Knowledge Foucault acknowledges that the opening of the space of archeology requires the practice of the “épochè of the épochè”, and in this sense archeology is a positivism too. That means also that archeology is possible only by the practice of the phenomenological operation of épochè in order to exit from phenomenology. This paradoxical and strategic usage of phenomenology in Foucault’s archeology is extended to his theory of discourse. For Foucault came to realize the limit of discursive practice: not only words signify but things signify too. If archeology wants to extend its domain of competence, it has to recur to description according to the way things show up themselves. This is nothing other than the basic methodological recommendation of phenomenology. Thus Foucault’s open declaration of his anti-phenomenological position is merely apparent, hiding his discrete paradoxical and strategic usage of the rich methodological resources of phenomenology.
A Long, Long Journey
Authors: Driscoll Jenny 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article considers the practical implications and effectiveness of a rights-based approach to delivering child protection programming in communities in which notions of children’s rights and child protection concerns may sit awkwardly with pre-existing cultural traditions. It reports on the findings of a qualitative study of child protection practitioners in two poor rural districts of Uganda and uses these to reflect on the key differences between international children’s rights norms as expressed in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and traditional African values as reflected in the African Charter for the Rights and Welfare of Children. It explores the perceived challenges posed by a children’s rights-based approach to parental authority and community practices in the context of the Ugandan legislation and the culture of the study communities and considers the key factors that appear to be influential in enabling changes in attitudes and behaviours towards children.
Children on their Participation, Nature, Competence, Rights, and Difference from Adults in the 2018 Parkland School Shooting Protests
Authors: Salva Roberto S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Using a “child participation research as duty fulfilment and investigation” approach, we looked into US children’s participation reasons in the 2018 Parkland shooting protests. As duty bearers, we highlight children’s protest participation reasons ground up and in vivo. Then, we explore these reasons for children’s views on the four key issues hounding children’s rights. Using 326 randomly selected US middle and high school newsletters, we found ten significant themes substantively different from but logically linked with organisers’ publicised objectives. The reasons indicate children’s internalisation, a source of autonomy development, of the issues surrounding the shooting and protests. They reveal children’s views on the four key issues that emphasise the need to consider more the convergent and in-between of the mutually exclusive categories in childhood/child rights studies. Future studies should consider treating the being/becoming, nurturance/self-determination rights, and similar, convergent, and in-between categories in dynamic logical disjunctive relations. Our approach and similar child participation research approaches could also be further developed and used.
Riverbank Marketplaces in Ptolemaic Egypt
Authors: Skalec Aneta 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article examines Ptolemaic papyrological sources (Demotic and Greek) indicating the existence of marketplaces located next to the river during this period, which have so far been completely overlooked in the discussion on Egyptian markets. It focuses particularly on the location of marketplaces and their relation to settlements and the markets’ setting – whether they were surrounded by farmland or by buildings, and of what type. This analysis points to the highest parts of the riverbanks as the most likely location of marketplaces. Additionally, the article contains terminological remarks regarding the terms for the marketplace and the Nile in both Demotic and Greek.
International Humanitarian Law and the Conduct of Cyber Hostilities: Quo Vadis?
Authors: Schmitt Michael N. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
War and international humanitarian law (IHL) exist and evolve in a synergistic relationship. On the one hand, treaty and customary law norms can proactively shape warfare. But on the other, changes in the nature of warfare often determine IHL’s path forward, for if IHL is to remain effective, it must remain responsive to the context in which it is to be applied. This article offers tentative reflections on how future conflict may affect the evolution of IHL’s conduct of hostilities rules as applied to ‘cyber capabilities’. It concludes that current and future cyber capabilities and vulnerabilities are driving the positions of States and the wider international community regarding cyber operations during armed conflict. In particular, it predicts movement in the direction of interpreting IHL rules restrictively, that is, in a manner that provides enhanced protection for the civilian population, sometimes at the expense of military advantage.
Marker-trait association analysis for grain shape traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Sinha Sweta , Kumar Yogendra , Kumar Saurav , Kumar Mankesh , Rashmi Kumari , Nahakpam Sareeta , Tomar Satyendra , Singh Suresh Prasad 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Marker-trait association study was undertaken to identify genomic regions linked to SSR markers with grain shape traits in rice. The association analysis identified 20 and 8 marker-trait association by GLM and MLM approaches, respectively at P values ≤ 0.005. GLM approach identified association for three traits on chromosome 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 11 and 12 explaining 16.07% to 38.66% phenotypic variance whereas MLM approach detected association for four traits on chromosome 1, 4, 7, 8 and 11 explaining 15.51% to 27.24%. In GLM approach, the marker loci RM430_200 located on chromosome 5 showed highly significant association with test weight explained maximum phenotypic variance of 38.66%. While in MLM, marker RM320_250 located on chromosome 7 showed highly significant association with grain breadth accounted for 27.24% of phenotypic variance. The significant marker-trait association was lower in MLM compared to those in GLM. MLM method was proven to be useful in controlling false associations. The marker-trait association identified from the present study would be validated and utilized in marker assisted breeding programs of grain shape traits in rice.
Mimicry and Misrecognition: Re-dressing the Colonial Relation in Annu Palakunnathu Matthew’s Photographic Transformations
Authors: Brown Rebecca M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Annu Palakunnathu Matthew’s work “re-dresses” the legacies of nineteenth-century modes of imaging “Indians,” that is, both Native Americans and South Asian Americans. She honours the self-fashioning buried in nineteenth-century photographs of “native types” by restaging photographs with her own body, re-dressed in a construction of what an “Indian from India” is expected to be, all the while subtly pushing back at those expectations. For Matthew, photographs emerge as active participants in re-dressing and redressing the colonial and diasporic relation by demonstrating the ways in which Brown bodies continue to be forced into particular kinds of self-presentation; enacting the exhausting demand to assert oneself as Indian, American, human, legitimate, and belonging, and presenting these struggles as intimately linked to nineteenth-century legacies of representations of colonized, Brown bodies.