bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a quality assessment tool to assess online nutrition information
Authors: Ellis Cassandra H , Moore J Bernadette , Ho Peter , Evans Charlotte EL 
Published: July 2023

Setting The internet is an important source of health information but is unregulated. Little research has focused on the assessment of digital information related to nutrition. Aim To develop and validate a novel online quality assessment tool (OQAT) for quality assessment of online nutrition information. Method The OQAT was developed and validated in six distinct stages. After reviewing the literature, a framework and criteria were developed and formalised. Next, the quality assessment criteria were piloted on a subset of data and criteria refined. The established criteria were then validated against a previously validated assessment tool, and reliability was tested. Finally, the validated OQAT was used to assess the quality of articles from a 24-h collection period, 19 April 2021. Results The final OQAT consisted of 10 key questions. Twenty-six news articles were assessed independently by two raters. Comparison of scores found moderate internal consistency ( α = 0.382). Cohen's Kappa coefficient demonstrated high interrater agreement ( k = 0.653, p < 0.001). The OQAT was tested on 291 relevant Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), which were determined to be either poor 3% ( n = 9), satisfactory 49% ( n = 144), or high-quality 48% ( n = 139) articles. There was a statistically significant difference in OQAT scores between blogs, news articles, and press releases, χ2(2) = 23.22, p < 0.001, with a mean rank OQAT score of 138.2 for blogs, 216.6 for news articles, and 188.7 for press releases. Conclusion This novel tool provides a reliable and objective method for assessing the quality of nutrition content online. It could potentially be used by researchers to assess the quality of online information in different settings and by organisations to inform readers of the quality of information being accessed.
Immunochemotherapy or chemotherapy alone in primary central nervous system lymphoma: a National Cancer Database analysis
Authors: Ollila Thomas A. , Taher Rashida , Moku Prashanth , Olszewski Adam J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Debate remains over the role of rituximab, a large molecule with reduced central nervous system (CNS) penetration, in therapy for primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL). Since 2013, the National Cancer Database has distinguished between chemotherapy and immunotherapy for frontline treatment. In this setting, rituximab would be the only standard frontline immunotherapy. We examined factors associated with the receipt of immunotherapy using a multivariate regression model for relative risk, with a random intercept to account for the hospital-specific treatment selection process. Patients were matched using a 1:1 propensity score to limit possible confounders, and overall survival (OS) was compared in the matched cohort. We identified 4691 patients with PCNSL diagnosed between 2013 and 2018. The use of immunotherapy has increased from 45% in 2013 to 76% in 2018. Immunotherapy use was associated with sociodemographic variables and local (hospital level) preference rather than clinical factors. The main factors associated with reduced use of immunotherapy included male sex, Black race or Hispanic ethnicity (compared with White non-Hispanic), HIV+ status, treatment in a lower-volume hospital, and earlier year of diagnosis. We matched 2830 patients for the survival analysis. Receipt of immunotherapy was associated with a significantly better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67-0.83). There was heterogeneity according to age, because the advantage of immunotherapy was more pronounced for patients aged ≤75 years (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.63-0.80) than for those older than 75 years (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.70-1.08). Overall, our findings support the current trend toward rituximab use, although a nuanced approach should be adopted when treating older patients.
The role of CD180 in hematological malignancies and inflammatory disorders
Authors: Edwards Kurtis , Lydyard Peter M. , Kulikova Nino , Tsertsvadze Tamar , Volpi Emanuela V. , Chiorazzi Nicholas , Porakishvili Nino 
Published: July 2023

AbstractToll-like receptors play a significant role in the innate immune system and are also involved in the pathophysiology of many different diseases. Over the past 35 years, there have been a growing number of publications exploring the role of the orphan toll-like receptor, CD180. We therefore set out to provide a narrative review of the current evidence surrounding CD180 in both health and disease. We first explore the evidence surrounding the role of CD180 in physiology including its expression, function and signaling in antigen presenting cells (APCs) (dendritic cells, monocytes, and B cells). We particularly focus on the role of CD180 as a modulator of other TLRs including TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9. We then discuss the role of CD180 in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, as well as in hematological malignancies of B cell origin, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Based on this evidence we produce a current model for CD180 in disease and explore the potential role for CD180 as both a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. Throughout, we highlight specific areas of research which should be addressed to further the understanding of CD180 biology and the translational potential of research into CD180 in various diseases.
Sex difference in the association between pyrethroids exposure and sleep problems among adolescents: NHANES 2007–2014
Authors: Zhou Long , Li Guangzhen , Chen Xia , Zuo Lei , Liu Mingliang , Jing Chunxia , Chen Li , Chen Haiyan , Peng Sihui , Hao Guang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Pyrethroids have been widely used in the United States and worldwide. Few studies examined the effect of pyrethroids exposure on sleep problems among adolescents.

Objectives
This study investigated the associations between pyrethroids exposure and sleep problems in male and female adolescents.

Methods
The data were used from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2014. In this study, 3-Phenoxybenzoic Acid (3-PBA) was used as a validated biomarker for pyrethroids exposure. The association between urinary 3-PBA and sleep problems was analyzed using logistic regression models.

Results
A total of 805 adolescents aged 16–20 years old were included in this study. The proportion of sleep problems was higher in females than in males (10.18% vs.7.35%, P = 0.154). A significant interaction was found between sex and 3-PBA (P interaction = 0.021) in the risk of sleep problems. A positive association of 3-PBA exposure with sleep problems was observed in male adolescents after adjusting for all the other covariates (OR = 4.04, 95% CI 1.31, 12.42). No statistically significant association was observed in female adolescents.

Conclusions
A positive association was observed between pyrethroids exposure and sleep problems in male adolescents, but not in female adolescents. More studies are required to confirm our findings.
Impact of kinship matrices on genetic gain and inbreeding with optimum contribution selection in a genomic dairy cattle breeding program
Authors: Gautason Egill , Sahana Goutam , Guldbrandtsen Bernt , Berg Peer 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Genomic selection has increased genetic gain in dairy cattle, but in some cases it has resulted in higher inbreeding rates. Therefore, there is need for research on efficient management of inbreeding in genomically-selected dairy cattle populations, especially for local breeds with a small population size. Optimum contribution selection (OCS) minimizes the increase in average kinship while it maximizes genetic gain. However, there is no consensus on how to construct the kinship matrix used for OCS and whether it should be based on pedigree or genomic information. VanRaden’s method 1 (VR1) is a genomic relationship matrix in which centered genotype scores are scaled with the sum of 2p(1-p) where p is the reference allele frequency at each locus, and VanRaden’s method 2 (VR2) scales each locus with 2p(1-p), thereby giving greater weight to loci with a low minor allele frequency. We compared the effects of nine kinship matrices on genetic gain, kinship, inbreeding, genetic diversity, and minor allele frequency when applying OCS in a simulated small dairy cattle population. We used VR1 and VR2, each using base animals, all genotyped animals, and the current generation of animals to compute reference allele frequencies. We also set the reference allele frequencies to 0.5 for VR1 and the pedigree-based relationship matrix. We constrained OCS to select a fixed number of sires per generation for all scenarios. Efficiency of the different matrices were compared by calculating the rate of genetic gain for a given rate of increase in average kinship.

Results
We found that: (i) genomic relationships were more efficient than pedigree-based relationships at managing inbreeding, (ii) reference allele frequencies computed from base animals were more efficient compared to reference allele frequencies computed from recent animals, and (iii) VR1 was slightly more efficient than VR2, but the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions
Using genomic relationships for OCS realizes more genetic gain for a given amount of kinship and inbreeding than using pedigree relationships when the number of sires is fixed. For a small genomic dairy cattle breeding program, we recommend that the implementation of OCS uses VR1 with reference allele frequencies estimated either from base animals or old genotyped animals.
A high fidelity approach to assembling the complex Borrelia genome
Authors: Hepner Sabrina , Kuleshov Konstantin , Tooming-Kunderud Ave , Alig Nikolas , Gofton Alexander , Casjens Sherwood , Rollins Robert E. , Dangel Alexandra , Mourkas Evangelos , Sheppard Samuel K. , Wieser Andreas , Hübner Johannes , Sing Andreas , Fingerle Volker , Margos Gabriele 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Bacteria of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) complex can cause Lyme borreliosis. Different B. burgdorferi s.l. genospecies vary in their host and vector associations and human pathogenicity but the genetic basis for these adaptations is unresolved and requires completed and reliable genomes for comparative analyses. The de novo assembly of a complete Borrelia genome is challenging due to the high levels of complexity, represented by a high number of circular and linear plasmids that are dynamic, showing mosaic structure and sequence homology. Previous work demonstrated that even advanced approaches, such as a combination of short-read and long-read data, might lead to incomplete plasmid reconstruction. Here, using recently developed high-fidelity (HiFi) PacBio sequencing, we explored strategies to obtain gap-free, complete and high quality Borrelia genome assemblies. Optimizing genome assembly, quality control and refinement steps, we critically appraised existing techniques to create a workflow that lead to improved genome reconstruction.

Results
Despite the latest available technologies, stand-alone sequencing and assembly methods are insufficient for the generation of complete and high quality Borrelia genome assemblies. We developed a workflow pipeline for the de novo genome assembly for Borrelia using several types of sequence data and incorporating multiple assemblers to recover the complete genome including both circular and linear plasmid sequences.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that, with HiFi data and an ensemble reconstruction pipeline with refinement steps, chromosomal and plasmid sequences can be fully resolved, even for complex genomes such as Borrelia. The presented pipeline may be of interest for the assembly of further complex microbial genomes.
Phenotypical characterization, and antibiotics susceptibility patterns of skin bacteria found in podoconiosis patients in the North West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Nkwetta Derick Lekealem , Fuen Bangsi Rose , Yenban Njodzeka Flora , Mbiatong Nancielle , Nchanji Gordon Takop , Bonekeh John , Ndzeshang Bertrand Lontum , Gandjui Narcisse Victor Tchamatchoua , Fombad Fanny Fri. , Klarmann-Schulz Ute , Esum Mathias Eyong , Njouendou Abdel Jelil , Cho Jerome Fru , Hoerauf Achim , Ritter Manuel , Wanji Samuel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Podoconiosis, a non-infectious disease originating from long-term exposure of bare feet to irritant red clay soil is a lifelong, disabling disease with no specific diagnostic tool, classified into 5 stages based on the severity of leg swelling (lymphoedema). Secondary bacterial infections have been suggested to cause acute dermatolymphangioadenitis (ADLA) attacks and drive disease progression. Although the North West Region of Cameroon has a proven history of podoconiosis endemicity, the bacterial composition of lymphoedema due to this condition has not been studied. Thus, this study investigated the leg bacterial diversity of patients who suffered from the lymphoedema and their susceptibility pattern to selected antibiotics.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out in which podoconiosis affected and non-lymphoedema individuals living in the same community were purposively selected. Samples were collected by swabbing the skin between the toes and around the anklebone, then cultured and sub-cultured on nutrient agar to obtain pure isolates. The cultured isolates were then morphologically and biochemically classified using microscopy and analytic profile index test kits, respectively. The disk diffusion technique was used to determine antibiotic susceptibility.

Results
Thirty-three participants were recruited, and 249 bacterial isolates were characterized into 29 genera, 60 species; with 30 (50%) being gram positive rods, 19 (31.7%) gram positive cocci, and 11 (18.3%) gram negative rods. Thirteen gram positive rods, fifteen gram positive cocci, and eight gram negative rods of bacterial species were found only in podoconiosis individuals among which Cellulomonas spp / Microbacterium spp. (2.8%), Staphylococcus lentus (3.3%), and Burkholderia cepacia (4.0%) dominated. 90% (90%) of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to doxycycline, whereas ampicillin had a high level of intermediate resistance, and penicillin G had the greatest resistant profile.

Conclusion
Our findings show that 94 (37.8%) out of 249 described bacterial isolates were exclusively found in the legs of podoconiosis individuals, and their susceptibility pattern to antibiotics was similar to that of others.
A novel mutation in the TTN gene resulted in left ventricular noncompaction: a case report and literature review
Authors: Tian Shipeng , Liang Hao , Li Xiaolei , Cao Boce , Feng Lu , Wang Lili 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) is a specific type of cardiomyopathy characterized by coarse trabeculae and interspersed trabecular crypts within the ventricles. Clinical presentation varies widely and may be nonsignificant or may present with progressive heart failure, malignant arrhythmias, and multiorgan embolism. The mode of inheritance is highly heterogeneous but is most commonly autosomal dominant. The TTN gene encodes titin, which is not only an elastic component of muscle contraction but also mediates multiple signalling pathways in striated muscle cells. In recent years, mutations in the TTN gene have been found to be associated with LVNC, but the exact pathogenesis is still not fully clarified.

Case presentation
In this article, we report a case of an adult LVNC patient with a TTN gene variant, c.87857G > A (p. Trp29286*), that has not been reported previously. This 43-year-old adult male was hospitalized repeatedly for heart failure. Echocardiography showed reduced myocardial contractility, dilated left ventricle with many prominent trabeculae, and a loose texture of the left ventricular layer of myocardium with crypt-like changes. During the out-of-hospital follow-up, the patient had no significant signs or symptoms of discomfort.

Conclusion
This case report enriches the mutational spectrum of the TTN gene in LVNC and provides a basis for genetic counselling and treatment of this patient. Clinicians should improve their understanding of LVNC, focusing on exploring its pathogenesis and genetic characteristics to provide new directions for future diagnosis and treatment.
Clinical risk factors and outcomes of young patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction: a retrospective study
Authors: Liang Ming-Ting , Pang Ying , Gao Li-Li , Han Li-Jin , Yao Heng-Chen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to analysis the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute STEMI in patients aged ≤ 45 years.

Methods
Seven hundred and one patients with STEMI from Liaocheng People’s Hospital from January 2018 to March 2021 were included in this study. Clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes (average follow-up: 11.5 months) were compared between patients aged ≤ 45 years and those aged > 45 years.

Results
Of the patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention, 108 (15.4%) were aged ≤ 45 years. Compared to the older group, the younger patient group included more males, current smokers, and those with alcohol use disorder (AUD) or a family history of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). The culprit vessel in young patients was the left anterior descending (LAD) artery (60% vs. 45.9%, P = 0.031), which may have been due to smoking (odds ratio, 3.5; 95% confidence interval: 1.12–10.98, P = 0.042). Additionally, young patients presented with higher low-density lipoprotein and lower high-density lipoprotein levels than older patients; uric acid levels were also significantly higher in younger patients than that in the older group. Diabetes showed a trend toward major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in both groups; age and sex were both independent predictors of MACE in older patients.

Conclusion
More patients who were smokers, had AUD, or a family history of IHD were present in the young patient group. Hyperuricaemia (but not dyslipidaemia) was a prevalent risk factor in patients aged ≤ 45 years. Diabetes should be controlled to reduce cardiovascular events in young patients.
Association between natural hazards and postnatal care among the neonates in India: a step towards full coverage using geospatial approach
Authors: Barman Papai , Sarif Nawaj , Saha Amiya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Postnatal care is crucial to prevent the child mortality. Despite the improvement in the PNC coverage for the neonates, it is still far away from the universal health coverage. Along with, some specific regions mostly are natural hazard prone areas of India show very under coverage of PNC for the neonates. Considering the substantial spatial variation of PNC coverage and natural hazard prevalence, present study aimed to examine spatial variation of PNC coverage and its association with natural hazard at the district level.

Methods
The cross-sectional exploratory study utilized National Family Health Survey, 2019-21, which included 1,76,843 children using multistage stratified sampling method to examine postnatal care within 42 days for neonates born within five years prior to the survey. Additionally, the study utilized Vulnerability Atlas of India,2019 maps to categorize regions into hazardous (flood, earthquake, and landslide) and non-hazardous areas. Spatial univariate and bivariate analyses, logistic and geographically weighted regressions were conducted using ArcGIS Pro, GeoDa, and Stata 16.0 software to identify associations between PNC coverage, hazard exposure, and spatial variation.

Results
The univariate spatial analysis showed some specific regions such as north, east, and north-east region of India had a high concentration of natural hazard and low access of PNC coverage. Bivariate analysis also showed that PNC coverage was low in flood (75.9%), earthquake (68.3%), and landslide (80.6%) effected areas. Compared to the national PNC coverage (81.1%), all these natural hazards effected areas showed low coverage. Further, logic regression showed that these hazard prone areas were less (OR:0.85 for flood, 0.77 for earthquake, and 0.77 for landslide) likely to get PNC coverage than their counterparts. LISA cluster maps significantly showed low PNC and high disaster concentration in these disaster-prone areas. Geographic weighted regression results also showed similar result.

Conclusions
The present study elucidates notable heterogeneity in the coverage of postnatal care (PNC) services, with lower concentrations observed in disaster-prone areas. In order to enhance the accessibility and quality of PNC services in these areas, targeted interventions such as the deployment of mobile health services and fortification of health systems are recommended.
Many pediatric patients with gastroparesis do not receive dietary education
Authors: Eseonu Debra , Dongarwar Deepa , Salihu Hamisu , Chumpitazi Bruno P. , Shulman Robert J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastroparesis is delayed gastric emptying in the absence of obstruction; dietary modifications are first-line treatment. However, we do not know the factors related to provision of dietary recommendations.

Methods
We sought to determine how often pediatric patients with gastroparesis receive dietary education (from a gastroenterology provider vs dietitian), the recommendations given, and factors related to these outcomes. We performed a retrospective chart review of children 2- to 18-years-old managed by pediatric gastroenterology providers at our institution. Patient demographics and clinical data, dietary advice given (if any), and dietitian consultation (if any), practice location, and prokinetic use were captured. An adjusted binomial regression model identified factors associated with dietary education provision, dietitian consultation, and diet(s) recommended.

Results
Of 161 patients who met criteria, 98 (60.8%) received dietary education and 42 (26.1%) met with a dietitian. The most common recommendation by gastroenterology providers and dietitians was diet composition adjustment (26.5% and 47.6%, respectively). Patients with nausea/vomiting were less likely to receive dietary education or be recommended to adjust diet composition. Patients with weight loss/failure to thrive were more likely to receive dietitian support. Patients seen in the community vs medical center outpatient setting were more likely to be recommended a low-fat diet.

Conclusions
Only a little over half of children with gastroparesis receive dietary education and use of a dietitian’s expertise is much less frequent. Symptoms and clinical setting appear related to what, where, and by whom guidance is provided.