bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Role of Base Species on Reversed Cu Catalyst in Ring Opening of Furan Compounds to 1, 2‐Pentanediol
Authors: Li Huixiang , Nie Xuezhong , Du Hong , Zhao Yang , Mu Junju , Zhang Z. Conrad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe hydrogenation of biomass‐derived furan compounds provides a sustainable pathway for the production of various valuable chemicals; product selectivity among multiple reaction pathways of furan compound hydrogenation is crucially dependent on catalytic sites; however controlling reaction pathways remains challenging due to the lack of identification and understanding of active sites. In this work we reveal the role of base sites in furfural selective hydrogenation through deliberately designed and synthesized reversed catalysts, basic metal oxides and hydroxide on Cu. It is demonstrated that base species greatly enhanced the selectivity of 1, 2‐pentanediol (1, 2‐PeD) from furfural, presenting a nearly fourfold increase of 1, 2‐PeD: methyl furan ratio over the Cu based reverse catalysts. A combination of infrared spectroscopy and DFT calculations demonstrates the strong interaction between the C−O−C bond in furan ring and the catalyst surface in preferentially parallel adsorption mode in the presence of base species on Cu, thus facilitating the activation of C−O−C bond to produce 1, 2‐PeD. This work provides a strategy of designing reversed catalyst to study the effect of promoters and reveals the role of base sites in the hydrogenation of biomass‐derived furan compounds to diols.
The cost‐effectiveness of NT‐proBNP for assessment of suspected acute heart failure in the emergency department
Authors: Walkley Ryan , Allen A. Joy , Cowie Martin R. , Maconachie Ross , Anderson Lisa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsWhen relying on clinical assessment alone, an estimated 22% of acute heart failure (AHF) patients are missed, so clinical guidelines recommend the use of N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) for AHF diagnosis. Since publication of these guidelines, there has been poor uptake of NT‐proBNP testing in part due to concerns over excessive false positive referrals resulting from the low specificity of a single ‘rule‐out’ threshold of <300 pg/mL. Low specificity can be mitigated by the addition of age‐specific ‘rule‐in’ NT‐proBNP thresholds.Methods and resultsA theoretical hybrid decision tree/semi‐Markov model was developed, combining global trial and audit data to evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of NT‐proBNP testing using age‐specific rule‐in/rule‐out (RI/RO) thresholds, compared with NT‐proBNP RO only and with clinical decision alone (CDA). Cost‐effectiveness was measured as the incremental cost per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) gained and incremental net health benefit. In the base case, using UK‐specific inputs, NT‐proBNP RI/RO was associated with both greater QALYs and lower costs than CDA. At a willingness‐to‐pay threshold of £20 000/QALY, NT‐proBNP RO was also cost‐effective compared with CDA [incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) of £8322/QALY], but not cost‐effective vs. RI/RO (ICER of £64 518/QALY). Overall, NT‐proBNP RI/RO was the most cost‐effective strategy. Sensitivity and scenario analyses were undertaken; the conclusions were not impacted by plausible variations in parameters, and similar conclusions were obtained for the Netherlands and Spain.ConclusionsAn NT‐proBNP strategy that combines an RO threshold with age‐specific RI thresholds provides a cost‐effective alternative to the currently recommended NT‐proBNP RO only strategy, achieving greater diagnostic specificity with minimal reduction in sensitivity and thus reducing unnecessary echocardiograms and hospital admissions.
The potential application of the triboelectric nanogenerator in the new type futuristic power grid intelligent sensing
Authors: Chen Geng , Wang Jie , Xu Guoqiang , Fu Jingjing , Gani Abubakar Balarabe , Dai Jinhong , Guan Dong , Tu Youping , Li Chuanyang , Zi Yunlong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo meet the requirements of power grid operation control, constructing an extensive sensor network in the power grid is a future development trend. However, due to the high cost, the difficulty of continuous power supply for a long time, the large amount of energy consumption, and the environmental problems caused by abandoned batteries, the traditional power supply mode based on batteries for sensors is inconsistent with China's goal of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. It cannot meet the needs of the future grid. Therefore, it is significant to solve the energy supply problem of numerous sensors to promote the construction of new power grid and improve the utilization rate of renewable energy. As an emerging energy harvesting device, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are suitable for developing self‐powered sensors and powering low‐power sensors due to their mall size, high efficiency, low cost, and environmental friendliness. At the same time, due to the abundant, stable, and widely distributed magnetic field around the equipment in the grid, it can provide continuous excitation for the TENG. Therefore, applying magnetic field energy‐harvesting TENG in the future power grid has a broad development prospect. This paper analyzes the development trend and the crucial problems facing the power grid in the future. We review the research and application of TENG based on the magnetic field in recent years and explain the mechanism of TENG in detail. Finally, the application prospect of TENG in the future power grid has been prospected. This paper can provide a reference for applying magnetic field energy harvesting triboelectric nanogenerators in future power grids.image
Litigation—Renewables: Renewables Ruse: Preparing for the Quiet Campaign Against Renewable Energy
Authors: Wedeking Jim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPublicly, national environmental groups such as the Sierra Club and Natural Resources Defense Council love renewable energy. They loudly portray wind and solar power projects as the noble protagonists combating the toxic villainy of coal‐fired power plants while creating innumerable “green jobs” along the way.
Natural Gas & Electricity Pricing: Natural Gas Could Bring Overseas Jobs Back to United States
Authors: Bodell Tanya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAfter decades of bemoaning trends related to offshoring and losing jobs overseas, murmurings about manufacturing job creation in the United States are turning into a buzz. The conference circuit features programs on reshoring America and a Wall Street Journal blogger called US manufacturing a “bright spot amid global weakness.” Although pundits may point to a broader economic recovery as the cause, the availability of shale oil and gas deserve credit. The shale revolution is creating new jobs in America and bringing manufacturing back from overseas.
Impact of knowledge management on job satisfaction and organizational performance among healthcare employees: A structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Fadaie Nasrin , Lakbala Parvin , Ghanbarnejad Amin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsOrganizational knowledge management (KM) involves creating, preserving, and sharing employees' knowledge. This approach can enhance efficiency, improve performance, and boost job satisfaction (JS) throughout all aspects of the organization. This research aimed to investigate the effect of three variables of KM, JS, and organizational performance (OP) on the employees of the Health and Treatment Network in Haji Abad City.MethodsA study was conducted with 211 employees, such as physicians, nurses, and technicians. These employees worked in various sections, such as hospitals, health centers, rural centers, and emergency centers within the Health and Treatment Network of Haji Abad City. Newman and Kenard's KM, Hersey and Goldsmith's OP, and Smith, Kendall & Hulin's Job Satisfaction Questionnaires were used. The statistical software LISREL 8.8 was used to conduct structural equation modeling (SEM).ResultsThe results indicate that the structural equation models had a good fit. Significant positive relationships exist between KM processes (creation, retention, and application) and JS. No significant relationship was found between knowledge transfer and JS. The coefficient obtained from SEM between knowledge retention and OP was 0.74, indicating a strong and direct correlation between the two variables. The standardized coefficients for the relationship between knowledge creation and retention and JS were 0.45 and 0.33, respectively. This indicates a positive and direct effect of knowledge creation and retention on JS. All KM processes positively predict OP.ConclusionThe research model had a good fit, and the KM processes had a positive effect on performance and JS. However, no significant relationship was found between knowledge transfer and JS among employees in the Health and Treatment Network. More research is needed to identify mediating variables and factors influencing this phenomenon in healthcare centers.
Elucidating the significance of molecular interaction between sulphur doped zinc oxide nanoparticles and serum albumin using multispectroscopic approach
Authors: Mahanthappa Mallappa , Savanur Mohammed Azharuddin , Ramu Jagadish , Tatagar Asma 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIngenious nanomaterials with improved biocompatibility and multifunctional properties are gaining vital significance in biomedical applications, including advanced drug delivery and nanotheranostics. In a biological system, these nanoparticles interact with serum proteins forming a dynamic corona that affects their biological or toxicological properties producing undesirable effects. Thus, the current study focuses on the synthesis of sulphur‐doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO/S NPs) and characterizing their mechanism of interaction with serum proteins using multispectroscopic approach. ZnO/S NPs were synthesized by employing a co‐precipitation approach and characterized using various analytical techniques. The results of interaction studies demonstrated that ZnO/S NPs interact with serum albumins via the static quenching process. Analysis of thermodynamic parameters (ΔG, ΔH and ΔS) revealed that the binding process is spontaneous, exothermic and van der Waals force or hydrogen bonding plays a major role. The interaction of ZnO/S NPs with tyrosine residue in bovine serum albumin was established by synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. In addition, the results of UV–visible, circular dichroism, Fourier transform infrared, Forster's resonance energy transfer theory and dynamic light scattering spectroscopic studies revealed that the ZnO/S NPs interact with albumin by inducing the conformational changes in secondary structure and reducing the α‐helix content.
Assessing the response of rare and common plant species to human induced rangeland degradation at a landscape scale in western Iran
Authors: Faramarzi Marzban , Isselstein Johannes 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKnowledge of plant species distribution and abundance at different landscape scales and management‐induced degradation is essential for the conservation, planning, and enhancement of the biodiversity of rangelands. In this study, additive partitioning of species diversity based on contribution diversity was used to analyze the interaction of landscape scale and grazing intensity factor to better understand the distribution of rare and common species. A total of 64 units (quadrats) were sampled by using a nested hierarchical sampling design at three scales of two regions (semi‐arid vs. Mediterranean), four sites, and four quadrats in both exclosure and grazing areas. The regional‐scale species richness (γs(q)) was calculated by the sum of the quadrat (αs(q)) and site (βs(q)) scale contributions to the region. The calculated rank of αs(q) indicated that an abundance of rare species for exclosures (α < 0.05) and the Mediterranean area (α < 0.01) was significantly greater than for grazing and the arid area, respectively. The highly palatable plants significantly correlated (α < 0.01) with the contribution diversity components (alpha/beta) in the exclosure areas but not in grazed areas. Furthermore, of the measured explanatory variables, the electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil was significantly negatively related to γs(q) which shows a sensitivity of rare species to the variable environmental conditions that are related to human influences interacting with soil and climatic conditions. The vegetation attributes of biomass and vegetation cover were significantly (α < 0.01) higher for managed exclosure sites than the grazed areas. The findings of this investigation demonstrate an increasing trend for rare species in managed and better environmental conditions. In conclusion, the protection and restoration of plant species diversity in semi‐arid and Mediterranean grasslands in western Iran are possible through the application of sustainable management practices by decision‐makers and managers.
Preparation of Multifunctional Regio‐ and Stereo‐Regular hb‐Polyamines via C(sp3)─H Activation‐Based Polyamination of Internal Alkynes
Authors: Li Mingzhao , Wang Jia , Qin Anjun , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHyperbranched polymers have been widely applied in various fields because of their good solubility, high reactive end groups, and low viscosity, etc. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop new strategies to build multifunctional hyperbranched polymers with novel architectures. In this work, a C(sp3)─H activation‐based polymerization of internal alkynes and bifunctional secondary amines is successfully established, and multifunctional hyperbranched polyamines (hb‐PAs) with 100% E‐isomers and high molecular weights (Mw up to 76 500) are prepared in good yields (up to 82%). The hb‐PAs containing tetraphenylethylene moiety show unique aggregation‐enhanced emission properties and can be used for explosive detection with a low limit of detection (9.14 × 10−8 m). Notably, the hb‐PAs display high refractive indices (up to 1.7607) that can be further modulated to 1.7825 by the coordination of its peripheral ethynyl group with metallic cobalt. Moreover, the hyperbranched structure endows the hb‐PAs with much better properties than their linear counterparts, such as higher photoluminescence quantum yields and refractive indices. In addition, the hb‐PAs can be modified by a C(sp3)─H activation reaction of internal alkynes and alcohols. This work not only prepares a series of functional nitrogen‐containing hyperbranched polymers but also promotes the application of C(sp3)─H activation in polymer chemistry.
When cardinals determine the power set: inner models and Härtig quantifier logic
Authors: Väänänen Jouko , Welch Philip D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe show that the predicate “x is the power set of y” is ‐definable, if V = L[E] is an extender model constructed from a coherent sequences of extenders, provided that there is no inner model with a Woodin cardinal. Here is a predicate true of just the infinite cardinals. From this we conclude: the validities of second order logic are reducible to , the set of validities of the Härtig quantifier logic. Further we show that if no L[E] model has a cardinal strong up to one of its ℵ‐fixed points, and , the Löwenheim number of this logic, is less than the least weakly inaccessible δ, then (i) is a limit of measurable cardinals of K, and (ii) the Weak Covering Lemma holds at δ.
Melatonin: Avenues in cancer therapy and its nanotechnological advancements
Authors: Putta Chandra Lekha , Eswar Kalyani , Rengan Aravind Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCancer is one of the most prevailing causes of mortality worldwide. Standard therapies for cancer patients include surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, chemoresistance and toxicity are clinical implications of advanced disease. New treatments are obliged to overcome these challenges. According to clinical investigations, melatonin (MLT) has the potential to prevent and cure cancer. It is nontoxic and has a plethora of anticancer properties including apoptosis, antiangiogenic, antiproliferative, and metastasis‐inhibitory mechanisms. It enhances the therapeutic sensitivity of malignancies when coupled with conventional medications. The investigations that demonstrate how MLT possesses antitumor characteristics are reviewed in this manuscript. We provided an overview of recent research on the etiology, factors associated, therapeutic property of MLT on various cancer types. We discussed the clinical implications of MLT alone or in conjunction with chemotherapeutic drugs or radiation therapy. Furthermore, we have addressed the mechanisms of its anticancer activities against several types of cancers along with research findings of various investigations done by researchers and advancements in the field of nanotechnology for efficient delivery of MLT. The recent clinical investigations of MLT in various cancer types are reported in this review.
Factors associated with the initiation of laxative use in the same patients with schizophrenia over a 20‐year period: Retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kawamata Yasushi , Sugawara Norio , Sasaki Taro , Yokoyama Saaya , Okayasu Hiroaki , Shinozaki Masataka , Takeuchi Yoshitaka , Sato Aoi , Ishikawa Takaaki , Komahashi‐Sasaki Hazuki , Miyazaki Kensuke , Fukasawa Takashi , Furukori Hanako , Yasui‐Furukori Norio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundConstipation is a common adverse effect of antipsychotics, but little investigation has been conducted. We aimed to address the factors associated with the initiation of laxative use in the same patients with schizophrenia over a 20‐year period.MethodsWe enrolled patients with schizophrenia attending each hospital (n = 14) from April 1, 2021, and retrospectively examined all prescriptions as of April 1, 2016, 2011, 2006, and 2001, every 5 years starting in 2021, for this population. 716 participants with complete data were included in the analysis. The Cochran Q test followed by Bonferroni correction and the Cochran–Armitage trend test were used to determine the differences and trends of the frequency of each laxative. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the factors on the initiation of laxative use over a 20‐year period.ResultsOf the patients, 25.1% were treated with laxatives in 2001, and 34.1% were treated in 2021. The numbers of patients treated with any laxatives significantly differed over the 20‐year period, with a significant increasing trend. In all laxatives, the numbers of patients treated with magnesium oxide, lubiprostone and elobixibat differed with a significant increasing trend. Female sex, age, the total DZP equivalent dose, and the doses of levomepromazine maleate, olanzapine, quetiapine, zotepine, lithium, and carbamazepine in 2021 were significant factors associated with the initiation of laxative use over the 20‐year period.ConclusionsCareful monitoring is needed for patients treated with levomepromazine maleate, olanzapine, quetiapine and zotepine. Optimizing prescriptions according to treatment guidelines could reduce antipsychotic‐induced constipation.
Solar‐driven co‐evolution of H2 and H2O2 from pure water splitting over emerging photocatalysts: Detailed mechanism and future outlook
Authors: Zhu Qiaohong , Wu Jiaqi , Du Mengmeng , Zhang Ning , Qiu Bocheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHydrogen (H2) energy is projected as a rising star to support the future society, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is widely utilized as a raw material in medical and chemical fields. Photocatalytic water splitting might enable an entire and sustainable environment for natural H2 evolution and concurrent H2O2 production, thus receiving increasing attention and realizing continuous achievements in recent years. However, such a reaction still suffers from the lacking of well‐designed photocatalytic systems with abundant active sites, and the efficiency is still far away from the standard of industrial‐scale application. Benefiting from constant experimental and theoretical investigations, this choke point has been considered by constructing diverse photocatalysts with modulated electronic, chemical, and physical properties. In this sense, this review critically outlines the state‐of‐the‐art progress on water splitting for H2 and H2O2 production over discovered photocatalytic systems, including titanium dioxide, carbon nitride, metal sulfides, etc. The general principles, including the thermodynamics and kinetics analysis, emerging issues, and corresponding strategies, are discussed. Significantly, some lessons drawn from the previous literature concerning simultaneous H2 and H2O2 production are proposed, and the main challenges in the future developments are summarized and clearly considered. This review aims to give a deep understanding of the photocatalytic water splitting for H2 and H2O2 co‐evolution and show some solutions to the future challenges in this field.
Extended concrete capacity design method for anchors close to non‐rectangular edges
Authors: Mellios Nikolaos , Spyridis Panagiotis , Bergmeister Konrad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFastenings in concrete are widely applicable in construction. A significant benefit of fastening technology lies in the fact that it can adapt to various geometries and construction sequences. As a result, the need to design and realize a fastening in structural elements with unconventional geometric configurations can be encountered. Existing design standards rely on the concrete capacity design (CCD) method for concrete‐related failures, which typically covers detailing situations with rectangular configurations of the fastenings and the concrete members. However, the lack of guidelines for a wider range of applications may lead to over‐conservative dimensioning or design constraints. This study investigates the influence of beveled concrete edges on the load‐bearing behavior of anchors. As part of the research, a series of experiments and numerical simulations were conducted. The results derived from the investigations are used to develop an analytical concept that extends the area of applicability of the CCD method and can be used for reliable dimensioning of fastenings close to non‐rectangular concrete edges and geometrical boundaries.