bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stunning methods before slaughter induce oxidation changes of large yellow croaker during cold storage: the role of mitochondria and underlying mechanisms
Authors: Dong Yixuan , Zhang Hongzhi , Mei Jun , Xie Jing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDImproper stunning methods before slaughter could cause fish to deteriorate more quickly during cold storage. However, it is unclear how stunning methods affect the mitochondrial structure and the role of mitochondria in oxidation in muscle‐based food.RESULTSThis study explored the potential mechanism of oxidation induced by different stunning methods (hit on the head, T1; gill cut, T2; immersion in ice/water slurry, T3; CO2 asphyxiated, T4; 40% CO2 + 30% N2 + 30% O2, T5) in large yellow croaker during cold storage. The results showed that T4 samples had the minimum stress response and the mitochondrial membrane potential and permeability were less damaged. Besides, the mitochondrial functional structure and peroxisome of T4 samples were less damaged compared with other samples, which was reflected in higher total superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities. In terms of oxidation indices, the T4 samples showed higher pH values and iron myoglobin contents and lower total volatile basic nitrogen and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances after 168 h cold storage, indicating that the T4 samples significantly maintained oxidative stability of large yellow croaker.CONCLUSIONThe CO2 asphyxiation had the least oxidative damage to large yellow croaker during cold storage, possibly because it had the least effect on mitochondrial structure, reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzyme activity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Terahertz Metasurfaces for Thermally Controlled Optical Encryption
Authors: Zhu Shuangqi , Dong Bowen , Guo Guanxuan , Lu Xueguang , Xu Quan , Han Jiaguang , Huang Wanxia , Ma Hua , Wang Yongtian , Zhang Xueqian , Huang Lingling 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTerahertz (THz) metasurfaces have emerged as powerful tools to modulate the wavefronts of THz radiation fully. Smart designs and fabrication are essential for enhancing the flexibility and encryption security of THz metasurfaces. In addition to digital coding metasurfaces and microelectromechanical systems, one method to realize dynamic THz metasurfaces is to utilize an active material. In this paper, a dynamic THz metasurface, which is combined with the phase‐change material VO2 and can be thermally controlled to achieve optical encryption, is proposed. Based on the electromagnetically induced transparency effect and by arranging the antennas in advance according to a specific hologram, a secret image can be encoded into the metasurface. At room temperature, the transmitted light field is an irregular light spot with no useful information. If the temperature increases above the phase‐change temperature, the encrypted hologram can be reconstructed. Moreover, owing to the distinct characteristics of VO2, the phase‐change temperature required during decryption is not very high, and the entire process is reversible. It is expected that, in combination with updated processing technology, such metasurfaces can be practically applied to the next generation of optical encryption or optical anticounterfeiting in the future.
Fabrication of Insoluble Elastin by Enzyme‐Free Cross‐Linking
Authors: Hedtke Tobias , Mende Mathias , Steenbock Heiko , Brinckmann Jürgen , Menzel Matthias , Hoehenwarter Wolfgang , Pietzsch Markus , Groth Thomas , Schmelzer Christian E. H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractElastin is an essential extracellular matrix protein that enables tissues and organs such as arteries, lungs, and skin, which undergo continuous deformation, to stretch and recoil. Here, an approach to fabricating artificial elastin with close‐to‐native molecular and mechanical characteristics is described. Recombinantly produced tropoelastin are polymerized through coacervation and allysine‐mediated cross‐linking induced by pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). A technique that allows the recovery and repeated use of PQQ for protein cross‐linking by covalent attachment to magnetic Sepharose beads is developed. The produced material closely resembles natural elastin in its molecular, biochemical, and mechanical properties, enabled by the occurrence of the cross‐linking amino acids desmosine, isodesmosine, and merodesmosine. It possesses elevated resistance against tryptic proteolysis, and its Young's modulus ranging between 1 and 2 MPa is similar to that of natural elastin. The approach described herein enables the engineering of mechanically resilient, elastin‐like materials for biomedical applications.
Degradation and Mechanical Behavior of Fish Gelatin/Polycaprolactone AC Electrospun Nanofibrous Meshes
Authors: Lacy Hannah A. , Nealy Sarah L. , Stanishevsky Andrei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the increasing interest in biopolymer nanofibers for diverse applications, the characterization of these materials in the physiological environment has become of equal interest and importance. This study performs first‐time simulated body fluid (SBF) degradation and tensile mechanical analyses of blended fish gelatin (FGEL) and polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous meshes prepared by a high‐throughput free‐surface alternating field electrospinning. The thermally crosslinked FGEL/PCL nanofibrous materials with 84–96% porosity and up to 60 wt% PCL fraction demonstrate mass retention up to 88.4% after 14 days in SBF. The trends in the PCL crystallinity and FGEL secondary structure modification during the SBF degradation are analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Tensile tests of such porous, 0.1–2.2 mm thick FGEL/PCL nanofibrous meshes in SBF reveal the ultimate tensile strength, Young's modulus, and elongation at break within the ranges of 60–105 kPa, 0.3–1.6 MPa, and 20–70%, respectively, depending on the FGEL/PCL mass ratio. The results demonstrate that FGEL/PCL nanofibrous materials prepared from poorly miscible FGEL and PCL can be suitable for selected biomedical applications such as scaffolds for skin, cranial cruciate ligament, articular cartilage, or vascular tissue repair.
Design of a multilayer ultra‐wideband absorber based on hybrid absorption structure
Authors: Lu Yinbo , Jia Yuxin , Zhai Huiqing , Wang Tianpeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA multilayer, ultra‐wideband absorber is proposed in this paper, which consists of a hybrid circuit analog absorber and a metal resonant absorber. The circuit analog absorber is located at the upper part of the absorber to absorb low‐frequency electromagnetic waves, and the metal resonant absorber is located at the bottom of the absorber to absorb high‐frequency electromagnetic waves and provide a reflecting plate for the absorber. Through simulation, the absorption rate of the designed absorber can be greater than 90% in the range of 2.33–18.43 GHz, and an equivalent circuit is established for verification. In addition, the absorber has good angular stability and polarization insensitivity. The prototype of the absorber was manufactured and measured, and the test results are basically consistent with the analysis results.
Microwave‐induced thermoacoustic microscopy based on short‐pulse microwave and high‐frequency point‐focused ultrasonic transducer
Authors: Fang Qiuchao , Chi Zihui , Liu Yue , Wang Yang , Du Shuang , Wu Dan , Jiang Huabei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs an emerging hybrid imaging modality, microwave‐induced thermoacoustic imaging (MITAI) provides high contrast and deep tissue penetration, and has been extensively applied in cancer diagnosis, arthritis detection, and brain research. However, the previous studies had a limited spatial resolution of about 0.45–1.5 mm.PurposeHere, we describe a microwave‐induced thermoacoustic microscopy (MITAM) system to help overcome the resolution limitation of current MITAI to image more subtle tissue features. On this basis, this paper applies MITAM to the thin skin and to demonstrate the potential of MITAM in detecting scleroderma.MethodsTo achieve high resolution, short pulse width microwave (pulse width: 70 ns) and high‐frequency ultrasonic point‐focused transducer (center frequency: 25 MHz) were used to build the MITAM system. Two parallel copper wires with a diameter of 90 μm in the X/Y plane and Y/Z plane were imaged to estimate X/Y/Z resolution. Nine Balb/c mice were randomly divided into three groups and injected with different concentrations of bleomycin to induce scleroderma models. Their ex vivo skins were then imaged by our MITAM system. Visual observations were performed on the 3‐dimensional skins MITAM images. And the mean value, Standard deviation, quartile distance, and signal‐to‐noise ratio were calculated to verify the results of the qualitative observations. Hematoxylin‐Eosin (HE) and Masson staining were used to validate the findings of the MITAM.ResultsThe thickness of each imaged skin was measured to be about 450 μm. As an organ composed of multiple layers of tissues, the skin needs to be imaged at high resolution for the detection of related diseases. The results obtained showed that the improved resolution (68 μm in the Z‐axis and 135 μm in the X‐axis/Y‐axis) of MITAM over conventional MITAI allowed us to differentiate scleroderma skins from normal skins and to identify the severity of scleroderma skins, consistent with the pathological findings of these skins.ConclusionsThe preliminary results obtained indicate that the MITAM can relieve the resolution limitation of traditional MITAI and has the potential to detection scleroderma. However, the transmission‐type MITAM mentioned in this paper is difficult to image in vivo due to the narrow area between the antenna and the transducer. In the future, a reflective scanning MITAM will be constructed to detect scleroderma in vivo.
High burden of clinically significant adverse events associated with contemporary therapy for pediatric T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma
Authors: Summers Ryan J. , Monroig Vanessa M. , DeGroote Nicholas P. , West Zachary E. , Katafias Elizabeth , Miller Tamara P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite improvements in survival for children with T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma (T‐ALL/LLy), morbidity remains high. However, data are lacking regarding comprehensive descriptions of clinically relevant adverse events (AEs) experienced during early intensive chemotherapy.ProcedureThis single‐institution retrospective study evaluated children aged 1–21 years with T‐ALL/T‐LLy diagnosed from 2010 to 2020. Physician chart abstraction identified and graded 20 clinically relevant AEs. AE rates were analyzed by T‐ALL or LLy, minimal residual disease status, induction steroid, and use of antimicrobial prophylaxis. Statistical comparisons used the Kruskal–Wallis test (continuous variables) and Chi‐square or Fisher's exact test (categorical variables).ResultsThe cohort included 120 patients (T‐ALL: 88; T‐LLy: 32). Most patients experienced AEs during induction (85 out of 120; 70.8%) and consolidation (89 out of 111; 80.2%). Nonsepsis infection was common in induction (26 out of 120; 21.7%) and consolidation (35 out of 111; 31.5%). Patients treated with dexamethasone during induction had significantly higher rates of nonsepsis infection and/or sepsis during consolidation than those who received prednisone (p < .01).ConclusionsClinically significant AEs are extremely common during induction and consolidation therapy for patients with T‐ALL/LLy. Infectious AEs are particularly prevalent. These results can inform conversations with patients and families and aid in the development of toxicity‐related aims in the next generation of, prospective clinical trials in T‐ALL/LLy.
Resurgence of a de Sitter Glauber‐Sudarshan State: Nodal Diagrams and Borel Resummation
Authors: Brahma Suddhasattwa , Dasgupta Keshav , Faruk Mir‐Mehedi , Kulinich Bohdan , Meruliya Viraj , Pym Brent , Tatar Radu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt is shown in this article that an explicit construction of a four‐dimensional de Sitter space may be performed using a diagrammatic approach via nodal diagrams emanating from the path integral representation of the Glauber‐Sudarshan state. Sum of these diagrams typically leads to an asymptotic series of Gevrey kind which can then be Borel resummed, thus reproducing the non‐perturbative structure of the system. The analysis shows that four‐dimensional de Sitter space is not only possible in string theory overcoming the no‐go and the swampland criteria—albeit as a Glauber‐Sudarshan state—but it may also be non‐perturbatively stable within a controlled temporal domain. Somewhat consistently, the Borel resummation of the Gevrey series provides strong hint towards the positivity of the cosmological constant.
Electron Quantum Optics with Beam Splitters and Waveguides in Dirac Matter
Authors: Forrester Derek Michael , Kusmartsev Fedor Vasilievich 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn electron is a quantum particle and behaves as both a particle and a probability wave. On account of this it can be controlled in a similar way to a photon and electronic devices can be designed in analogy to those based on light when there is minimal excitation of the underlying Fermi sea. Here, splitting of the electron wavefunction is explored for systems supporting Dirac type physics, with a focus on graphene but being equally applicable to electronic states in topological insulators, liquid helium, and other systems described relativistically. Electron beam‐splitters and superfocusers are analysed along with propagation through nanoribbons, demonstrating that the waveform, system geometry, and energies all need to balance to maximise the probability density and hence lifetime of the flying electron. These findings form the basis for novel quantum electron optics.
Overcoming shielding in mass detection via isolation of sulfur heterocycles using green silver nanoparticles
Authors: Moustafa Nagy E. , Mahmoud Kout El‐Kloub Fars , Alderhami Suilman A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSilver nanoparticles (nano‐Ag0) fixed on supports or in colloidal solution exhibit surface plasmon resonance, but there have been few attempts at surface plasmon resonance‐based liquid chromatographic separation. Here, for the first time, a capped Ag(I) green tea colloidal solution was used as a precursor to anchor nano‐Ag0 on silica. Nano‐Ag0 supported on silica was confirmed by spectroscopy and microscopy, and nano‐Ag0 particles (average diameter 20 nm) were scattered on the silica surface. This ecologically friendly approach for doping nanoparticles on solid supports was as efficient as chemical methods and could be used to separate polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles from a heavy aromatic fraction. Using a nano‐Ag‐silica ligand exchanger, parts‐per‐million concentrations of sulfur heterocycles were probed by surface plasmon resonance nano‐Ag0 on a solid substrate. Using this approach, mass detection shielding can be eliminated to isolate polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles from aromatic fractions. This study presents an innovative approach to producing dispersed silver nanoparticles on a solid substrate.
Brücken über den Nord‐Ostsee‐Kanal – Zeugnisse der Baukunst im Spannungsfeld von Erhalt oder Ersatzneubau
Authors: Geißler Karsten , Schröder Rüdiger 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIm Beitrag werden mehrere Hochbrücken über den Nord‐Ostsee‐Kanal vorgestellt, für die die grundsätzliche Entscheidung zu Ertüchtigung oder Ersatzneubau differenziert getroffen wurde. Damit wird das Spannungsfeld betont, in welchem sich die Baulastträger hinsichtlich der Sicherstellung von Funktionalität der Verkehrsträger, Zustandsbewertung und rechnerischer Bewertung heute oft befinden. Konkret werden mit den beiden Eisenbahnhochbrücken Rendsburg und Hochdonn zwei Bauwerke dargestellt, die ihre normative Nutzungsdauer mit ca. 110 Jahren bereits überschritten haben und trotzdem nach ihrer Ertüchtigung noch lange wirtschaftlich weiterbetrieben werden können. Weiterhin werden die Rader Autobahnhochbrücke und die kombinierte Straßen‐ und Eisenbahnhochbrücke Levensau erläutert, die die beiden Grenzbereiche zur Festlegung eines Ersatzneubaus markieren. Die Autobahnbrücke ist den Straßenverkehrslasten der A7 nach nur 50 Jahren Nutzungszeit schlichtweg nicht mehr gewachsen, hingegen hat die Levensauer Hochbrücke mit eher moderatem Straßen‐ und Eisenbahnverkehr ihre planmäßige Nutzungsdauer schon lange erreicht, muss aber wegen der notwendigen Verbreiterung des Nord‐Ostsee‐Kanals neu gebaut werden.
Evaluation of capsules containing Valeriana fauriei root extract for sleep improvement: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over comparative trial
Authors: Ota Misato , Oiwa Yuki , Maki Yasuhito , Utaka Ichiro , Arima Sachie , Matsuo Yoichi , Makino Toshiaki , Nojiri Shunsuke 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimThis clinical trial aimed to clarify the sleep‐ameliorating effects of capsules containing Valeriana fauriei root (VF) extract and their adverse effects.MethodsThe trial was a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over comparative clinical trial involving participants with an Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) of 6 or higher, selected by prescreening questionnaires. After randomization, the participants took VF (2 g as VF/day) or placebo capsules for two weeks and were asked to complete the Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) sleep questionnaire daily to assess their sleep status and any changes in their physical condition. On the last day of each term, the participants reported their sleep improvement experience.ResultsNo significant differences were found between the VF and placebo groups on the OSA sleep questionnaire. Significantly, more participants in the VF‐treated group experienced improvements in sleep onset and quality than those in the placebo group. The sleep onset improved particularly in those with early awakening, whereas the sleep quality particularly improved in those with midnight awakening. Although a few participants experienced physical, gastrointestinal and psychological changes when taking VF capsules, there was no significant difference from the placebo group, and no serious adverse events occurred.ConclusionWe clinically determined that VF, a folk medicine, improves sleep onset and sleep quality in people with suspected insomnia without serious adverse events at the dosage of 2 g VF/day.
Long‐term outcome in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease evaluated using the canine orthopaedic index
Authors: Engdahl Karolina , Bergström Annika , Höglund Odd , Moldal Elena R. , Emanuelson Ulf , Boge Gudrun S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD) is common in dogs, but studies on the long‐term treatment outcome are scarce.MethodsThe long‐term outcome in a cohort of 71 dogs with CCLD treated with tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO, n = 18), tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA, n = 23) or lateral fabellotibial suture (LFS, n = 30) was evaluated using the canine orthopaedic index.ResultsThe risk of stiffness and lameness was increased in dogs treated with TPLO (stiffness: incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.33, p = 0.015; lameness: IRR 1.34, p = 0.020) or TTA (stiffness: IRR 1.26, p = 0.035; lameness: IRR 1.31, p = 0.026) when compared to LFS at a median follow‐up time of 4.6 years.LimitationsNo follow‐up veterinary examination was performed. Data were collected from only two university animal hospitals, and thus, a referral bias towards more complicated cases is possible, which may limit the generalisability of the results.ConclusionClinicians can use the results to inform dog owners about the expected long‐term outcome in dogs with CCLD.
Serological survey of Leishmania infantum in apparently healthy dogs in different areas of Spain
Authors: Baxarias Marta , Mateu Cristina , Miró Guadalupe , Solano‐Gallego Laia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCanine leishmaniosis caused by Leishmania infantum is an endemic disease in Spain. The dog is considered the main reservoir, and the detection of specific serum antibodies against L. infantum antigen is the most used technique for diagnosing this infection. The LEISCAN LEISHMANIA ELISA test is a commercialized enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for the detection and measurement of canine anti‐Leishmania serum antibodies.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess seroprevalence results of apparently healthy dogs in different areas of Spain using LEISCAN.MethodsCollection of sera from 5451 apparently healthy dogs was performed between 2020 and 2021 in different areas of Spain. Dogs were of adult age (≥12 months), were not previously diagnosed with clinical leishmaniosis or vaccinated against Leishmania and did not present clinical signs compatible with L. infantum infection. LEISCAN was performed following the manufacturer's protocol.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence was 5.5%. The highest seroprevalences were found in the Southeast of Spain: Comunidad Valenciana (14%) and Región de Murcia (14%), whereas the lowest seroprevalences were found in Northern Spain: Galicia (1%), Navarra (2%) and Castilla y León (2%) (p‐value <0.001).ConclusionsIn conclusion, the seroprevalence for L. infantum in apparently healthy dogs in Spain varied from almost no infection to being over 10%.
Modal analysis of an operational offshore wind turbine using enhanced Kalman filter‐based subspace identification
Authors: van Vondelen Aemilius A. W. , Iliopoulos Alexandros , Navalkar Sachin T. , van der Hoek Daan C. , van Wingerden Jan‐Willem 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOperational modal analysis (OMA) is an essential tool for understanding the structural dynamics of offshore wind turbines (OWTs). However, the classical OMA algorithms require the excitation of the structure to be stationary white noise, which is often not the case for operational OWTs due to the presence of periodic excitation caused by rotor rotation. To address this issue, several solutions have been proposed in the literature, including the Kalman filter‐based stochastic subspace identification (KF‐SSI) method which eliminates harmonics through estimation and orthogonal projection. In this paper, an enhanced version of the KF‐SSI method is presented that involves a concatenation step, allowing multiple datasets with similar environmental conditions to be used in the identification process, resulting in higher precision. This enhanced framework is applied to an operational OWT and compared to other OMA methods, such as the modified least‐squares complex exponential and PolyMAX. Using field data from a multi‐megawatt operational OWT, it is shown that the enhanced framework is able to accurately distinguish the first three bending modes with more stable estimates and lower variance compared to the original KF‐SSI algorithm and follows a similar trend compared to other approaches.
Offene Totalität. Internetprotokolle in der spätkapitalistischen Gesellschaft
Authors: Tuschling Anna 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag bezieht technische Protokolle in den Protokollbegriff ein. Wichtiges Beispiel hierfür sind die Internetprotokolle, die den Nachrichtenverkehr zwischen vernetzten Computern regeln. Die Internetprotokolle sorgen als eine Art »Transportmechanismus« für Aufbau und Aufrechterhaltung der Computerverbindungen im Netz. In Gestalt der Internetprotokolle findet der Protokollbegriff also nicht lediglich eine Fortsetzung. Vielmehr wird der Begriff des Protokolls noch ausgeweitet. Technische Protokolle haben nicht mehr nur die Aufgabe, durch Vorschriften einen möglichst geordneten Austausch zu gewährleisten, wie es bei diplomatischen oder höfischen Protokollen der Fall ist. Ohne technische Protokolle wäre der Zusammenschluss von Rechnern nicht nur in schlechter oder ungeordneter Weise, sondern gar nicht möglich gewesen.