bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near‐Sensor Reservoir Computing for Gait Recognition via a Multi‐Gate Electrolyte‐Gated Transistor
Authors: Liu Xuerong , Sun Cui , Guo Zhecheng , Xia Xiangling , Jiang Qian , Ye Xiaoyu , Shang Jie , Zhang Yuejun , Zhu Xiaojian , Li Run‐Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe recent emergence of various smart wearable electronics has furnished the rapid development of human–computer interaction, medical health monitoring technologies, etc. Unfortunately, processing redundant motion and physiological data acquired by multiple wearable sensors using conventional off‐site digital computers typically result in serious latency and energy consumption problems. In this work, a multi‐gate electrolyte‐gated transistor (EGT)‐based reservoir device for efficient multi‐channel near‐sensor computing is reported. The EGT, exhibiting rich short‐term dynamics under voltage modulation, can implement nonlinear parallel integration of the time‐series signals thus extracting the temporal features such as the synchronization state and collective frequency in the inputs. The flexible EGT integrated with pressure sensors can perform on‐site gait information analysis, enabling the identification of motion behaviors and Parkinson's disease. This near‐sensor reservoir computing system offers a new route for rapid analysis of the motion and physiological signals with significantly improved efficiency and will lead to robust smart flexible wearable electronics.
COVID‐19 through the lens of seasonal agriculture in South Asia
Authors: Kharel Arjun , Mobarak Ahmed Mushfiq , Shenoy Ashish , Vernot Corey 
Published: March 2023

Abstract75% of the world's poor reside in rural areas where the local economy is tied to agriculture. We interpret new panel data on COVID‐19 from Nepal and Bangladesh in relation to agricultural seasonality. Conditions in April–June 2020 were comparable to a typical lean season even though the pandemic arrived at harvest time. Income losses stem from both depressed local employment as well as lower migration and remittances. We also document indirect adverse health impacts on nutrition and mental health. Findings are specific to the nature of economic activity at harvest, and effective pandemic policy must evolve with the agricultural season.
Impact and effectiveness of a mandatory competency‐based simulation program for pediatric emergency medicine faculty
Authors: Pirie Jonathan , Fayyaz Jabeen , Prinicipi Tania , Kempinska Anna , Gharib Mireille , Simone Laura , Glanfield Carrie , Walsh Catharine M 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionPediatric emergency medicine physicians struggle to maintain their critical procedural and resuscitation skills. Continuing professional development programs incorporating simulation and competency‐based standards may help ensure skill maintenance. Using a logic model framework, we sought to evaluate the effectiveness of a mandatory annual competency‐based medical education (CBME) simulation program.MethodsThe CBME program, evaluated from 2016 to 2018, targeted procedural, point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) and resuscitation skills. Delivery of educational content included a flipped‐classroom website, deliberate practice, mastery‐based learning, and stop‐pause debriefing. Participants' competence was assessed using a 5‐point global rating scale (GRS; 3 = competent, 5 = mastery). Statistical process control charts were used to measure the effect of the CBME program on team performance during in situ simulations (ISS), measured using the Team Emergency Assessment Measure (TEAM) scale. Faculty completed an online program evaluation survey.ResultsForty physicians and 48 registered nurses completed at least one course over 3 years (physician mean ± SD 2.2 ± 0.92). Physicians achieved competence on 430 of 442 stations (97.3%). Mean ± SD GRS scores for procedural, POCUS, and resuscitation stations were 4.34 ± 0.43, 3.96 ± 0.35, and 4.17 ± 0.27, respectively. ISS TEAM scores for “followed standards and guidelines” improved significantly. No signals of special cause variation emerged for the other 11 TEAM items, indicating skills maintenance. Physicians rated CBME training as highly valuable (mean question scores 4.15–4.85/5). Time commitment and scheduling were identified as barriers to participation.ConclusionsOur mandatory simulation‐based CBME program had high completion rates and very low station failures. The program was highly rated and faculty improved or maintained their ISS performance across TEAM scale domains.
Associations between dietary patterns and dementia‐related neuroimaging markers
Authors: Samuelsson Jessica , Marseglia Anna , Lindberg Olof , Westman Eric , Pereira Joana B. , Shams Sara , Kern Silke , Ahlner Felicia , Rothenberg Elisabet , Skoog Ingmar , Zettergren Anna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe exploration of associations between dietary patterns and dementia‐related neuroimaging markers can provide insights on food combinations that may impact brain integrity.METHODSData were derived from the Swedish Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study (n = 610). Three dietary patterns were obtained using principal component analysis. Magnetic resonance imaging markers included cortical thickness, an Alzheimer's disease (AD) signature score, small vessel disease, and white matter microstructural integrity. Adjusted linear/ordinal regression analyses were performed.RESULTSA high‐protein and alcohol dietary pattern was negatively associated with cortical thickness in the whole brain (Beta: −0.011; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.018 to −0.003), and with an Alzheimer's disease cortical thickness signature score (Beta: −0.013; 95% CI: −0.024 to −0.001). A positive association was found between a Mediterranean‐like dietary pattern and white matter microstructural integrity (Beta: 0.078; 95% CI: 0.002–0.154). No associations were found with a Western‐like dietary pattern.DISCUSSIONDietary patterns may impact brain integrity through neurodegenerative and vascular pathways.Highlights
Certain dietary patterns were associated with dementia‐related neuroimaging markers.
A Mediterranean dietary pattern was positively associated with white matter microstructure.
A high‐protein and alcohol pattern was negatively associated with cortical thickness.
Driving Polymer Brushes from Synthesis to Functioning
Authors: Wang Rui , Wei Qiangbing , Sheng Wenbo , Yu Bo , Zhou Feng , Li Bin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe great success of controlled radical polymerizations has encouraged researchers to develop more facile and robust approaches for surface‐initiated polymerizations (SIPs) to fabricate polymer brushes, even for non‐experts. In recent years, external‐stimuli‐mediated radical polymerization methods have come to the fore as SIPs because of their less rigorous synthetic procedures and high controllability, which expand the opportunities for synthesizing macromolecules with desired chemical compositions and structures, as well as tailor‐made polymers and bioconjugates that show broad applicability and physiological compatibility. This review discusses the latest developments in surface‐initiated polymerization methods, in particular, external‐stimuli mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), photo‐induced polymerizations, and reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, as well as other methods and their combination for the application in surface grafting. The implementation of these methods is of great interest due to their unique possibilities to temporally control a polymerization process, fast and straightforward polymerization, and environmentally benign features, which lead to established and emerging applications in biolubrication, antifouling, and biosensing.
Precise Epitope Organization with Self‐adjuvant Framework Nucleic Acid for Efficient COVID‐19 Peptide Vaccine Construction
Authors: Shen Fengyun , Xiong Zijian , Wu Yumin , Peng Rui , Wang Yue , Sun Lele , Fan Chunhai , Liu Zhuang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPeptide vaccines have advantages in easy fabrication and high safety, but their effectiveness is hampered by the poor immunogenicity of the epitopes themselves. Herein, we constructed a series of framework nucleic acids (FNAs) with regulated rigidity and size to precisely organize epitopes in order to reveal the influence of epitope spacing and carrier rigidity on the efficiency of peptide vaccines. We found that assembling epitopes on rigid tetrahedral FNAs (tFNAs) with the appropriate size could efficiently enhance their immunogenicity. Further, by integrating epitopes from SARS‐CoV‐2 on preferred tFNAs, we constructed a COVID‐19 peptide vaccine which could induce high titers of IgG against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein and increase the ratio of memory B and T cells in mice. Considering the good biocompatibility of tFNAs, our research provides a new idea for developing efficient peptide vaccines against viruses and possibly other diseases.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Breakthrough Separation of 2‐Butene Isomers with High Dynamic Selectivity and Capacity
Authors: Jiang Shuyi , Sun Hao , Gong Ke , Huang Xin , Zhu Yuhao , Feng Xiao , Xie Jing , Liu Jingyao , Wang Bo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeveloping porous sorbents represents a potential energy‐efficient way for industrial gas separation. However, a bottleneck for reducing the energy penalty is the trade‐off between dynamic adsorption capacity and selectivity. Herein, we showed this problem can be overcome by modulating the kinetic and thermodynamic separation behaviours in metal–organic frameworks for sieving 2‐butene geometric isomers, which are desired for upgrading the raffinates to higher value‐added end products. We found that the iron‐triazolate framework can realize the selective shape screening of 2‐butene isomers assisted by electrostatic interactions at the pore apertures. Further introducing uncoordinated N binding sites by ligand substitution lowered the gas diffusion barrier and greatly boosted the dynamic separation performance. In breakthrough tests under ambient conditions, trans‐2‐C4H8 can be efficiently separated from cis‐2‐C4H8 with a record capacity of 2.10 mmol g−1 with high dynamic selectivity of 2.39.
Self‐Assembled L–DNA Linkers for Rapid Construction of Multi‐Specific Antibody‐Drug Conjugates Library
Authors: Zhou Liujuan , Yang Fan , Bai Zhaoshuai , Zhou Xiaohui , Zhang Zhihai , Li Zhihang , Gong Junyuan , Yu Junqi , Pan Liqiang , Cao Chan , Chou James J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne of the key challenges of improving clinical outcomes of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) is overcoming cancer resistance to the antibody and/or drug components of ADCs, and hence the need for ADC platforms with high combinatory flexibility. Here, we introduce the use of self‐assembled left‐handed DNA (L–DNA) oligonucleotides to link combinatory single‐domain antibodies and toxin payloads for tunable and adaptive delivery of ADCs. We demonstrate that the method allows convenient construction of a library of ADCs with multi‐specific targeting, multi‐specific payloads, and exact drug‐antibody ratio. The newly constructed ADCs with L–DNA scaffold showed favorable properties of in vitro cell cytotoxicity and in vivo suppression and eradication of solid tumors. Collectively, our data suggest that the L–DNA based modular ADC (MADC) platform is a viable option for generating therapeutic ADCs and for potentially expanding ADC therapeutic window via multi‐specificity.
Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Naphthospironone A
Authors: Liu Jia‐Xuan , Zhang Shi‐Peng , Sun Feng‐Sen , Li Hui , Gong Ya‐Ling , Lu Shi‐Chao , Xu Shu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNaphthospironone A, a polyhydroxy cagelike bioactive natural product, was synthesised for the first time in this study. The spiro[bicyclo[3.2.1]octane‐pyran] core was constructed by an acid‐promoted epoxide‐opening lactonisation and a base‐induced intramolecular aldol‐type cyclisation.
Spin–Phonon Interactions and Anharmonic Lattice Dynamics in Fe3GeTe2
Authors: Cai Qingan , Zhang Yuemei , Luong Diana , Tulk Christopher A. , Fokwa Boniface P.T. , Li Chen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRaman scattering is performed on Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) at temperatures from 8 to 300 K and under pressures from the ambient pressure to 9.43 GPa. Temperature‐dependent and pressure‐dependent Raman spectra are reported. The results reveal respective anomalous softening and moderate stiffening of the two Raman active modes as a result of the increase of pressure. The anomalous softening suggests anharmonic phonon dynamics and strong spin–phonon coupling. Pressure‐dependent density functional theory and phonon calculations are conducted and used to study the magnetic properties of FGT and assign the observed Raman modes, and . The calculations proved the strong spin–phonon coupling for the mode. In addition, a synergistic interplay of pressure‐induced reduction of spin exchange interactions and spin–orbit coupling effect accounts for the softening of the mode as pressure increases.
Virtual reality tool to support fluid power curriculum
Authors: Assaf Hassan , Vacca Andrea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRemote learning has recently become a crucial need in engineering education. In applied disciplines such as fluid power (FP), hands‐on lab experiences constitute an essential component for educating future engineers at both the graduate and undergraduate levels. Physical hydraulic trainers have been developed over the years to expose students to applications of modern FP technology. However, there is a notable absence of virtual tools that can provide students with a realistic feeling of assembling, troubleshooting, and operating an actual hydraulic circuit. This paper describes the effort made to develop an original virtual trainer that fulfills these needs. This virtual trainer is designed to replicate existing physical trainers that were recently designed and implemented for FP education but on a virtual platform. The virtual trainer is implemented in Unity3D software, using CAD drawings of the components from the actual trainer, and provides the user with an interactive environment that reproduces all the aspects of a real lab experience. The tool allows the students to learn by mistake, as in typical activities with a physical trainer and includes realistic operating noise. The core part of the virtual trainer is the object‐oriented simulation model that is behind every hydraulic component. First successfully used in the Fall of 2020, and subsequently utilized in both Spring and Fall 2021 courses, the simulator represents an alternative for hands‐on experiences, and could be a valid option for distance learning students in the future. Details of the implementation approach and some significant cases are covered in the following work.
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting survival in patients with malignant myofibroblastic tumor
Authors: Wang Xiaolu , Liu Baorui , Li Rutian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalignant myofibroblastic tumors are a rare group of soft tissue sarcomas, for which a prognosis prediction model is lacking. Based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and cases from Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the current study constructed and validated a nomogram to assess overall survival of patients with malignant myofibroblastic tumors.MethodsData of patients with myofibroblastic tumors diagnosed between 2000 and 2018 were extracted from the SEER database. Similarly, data of patients with myofibroblastic tumor in Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between May 2016 and March 2022 were collected. Then, we conducted univariate and multivariate Cox analyses to identify independent prognostic parameters to develop the nomogram. The model was evaluated by concordance index (C‐index), calibration curve, the area under the curve (AUC), decision curve analysis (DCA), Kaplan–Meier analysis, and subgroup analyses.ResultsSeven variables were selected to construct the nomogram. The results of the C‐index (0.783), calibration curve, the AUCs, and subgroup analyses demonstrated the accurate predictive capacity and excellent discriminative ability of the nomogram. The DCA of the model indicated its better clinical net benefit than that of the traditional system.ConclusionEvaluation of the predictive performance of the nomogram revealed the superior sensitivity and specificity of the model and the higher prediction accuracy of the outcomes compared with those of the traditional system. The established nomogram may assist patients in consultation and help physicians in clinical decision‐making.
Differences in clinical characteristics and prognosis between breast neuroendocrine carcinoma and breast invasive ductal carcinoma: A multicentre population‐based study from China
Authors: Wang Ding‐yuan , Li Shuo‐feng , Gao Song‐lin , Yuan Peng , Zhang Bai‐lin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimWe constructed a multicentre cohort in China to analyse the differences in clinical characteristics, treatment strategies and prognoses between breast neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast.MethodsAll patients with early‐stage breast cancer who attended three hospitals in Beijing from 2000 to 2018 were included in the study. We used propensity score matching to make a 1:3 match between NEC and IDC.ResultsAfter propensity score matching, 153 patients with IDC and 51 patients with NEC were analysed. Multivariate Cox regression showed that compared to patients with IDC, patients with NEC had a worse disease‐free survival (HR = 2.94, 95% CI: 1.69–5.12, p < 0.001).ConclusionNEC patients have a worse disease‐free survival than IDC patients.
Correlation and efficacy of TACE combined with lenvatinib plus PD‐1 inhibitor in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombus based on immunological features
Authors: Zou Xinhua , Xu Qingyu , You Ran , Yin Guowen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the appearance of portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is significantly associated with unfavorable prognosis, there is insufficient evidence to confirm the efficacy and safety of the triple combination of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), lenvatinib, and programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) inhibitor for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and PVTT. Furthermore, it remains unclear which patient type can obtain the best survival benefit from this combination therapy.MethodsThe data of 160 patients with HCC and PVTT treated with TACE combined with lenvatinib plus PD‐1 inhibitor (TACE+LEN + PD‐1 group) or TACE combined with lenvatinib (TACE+LEN group) were retrospectively collected and analyzed. To estimate the efficacy and safety of combination therapy for patients with advanced HCC, tumor response, progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), biochemical indices, and adverse events (AEs) were assessed in this study. More importantly, tumor immune‐related cytokines were used to identify biomarkers predicting the therapeutic response of combination therapy.ResultsTACE+LEN + PD‐1 was superior to TACE+LEN in OS (23.5 vs. 18.3 months, p = 0.0002) and PFS (7.5 vs. 4.3 months, p < 0.0001). Moreover, TACE+LEN + PD‐1 achieved more preferable benefits with respect to disease control rate (80.00% vs. 56.67%) and objective response rate (38.57% vs. 24.45%) compared with TACE+LEN in patients with HCC and PVTT (p = 0.025). Multivariate analysis showed that Child–Pugh grade, PVTT classification, treatment option, and interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐17, interferon (IFN)‐α, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were independent factors related to OS, whereas PVTT classification, treatment option, and IL‐6 and IFN‐α levels were independent factors related to PFS. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis illustrated that the inflammatory cytokines VEGF, IL‐6, IL‐17, and IFN‐α might be novel biomarkers for predicting the survival prognosis of patients with advanced HCC and PVTT treated with TACE+LEN + PD‐1. The safety in the combination group was acceptable.ConclusionsCompared with TACE+LEN, the triple combination treatment of TACE+LEN + PD‐1 has more promising clinical outcomes and acceptable safety in patients with HCC and PVTT. Child–Pugh grade, PVTT classification, and IL‐6, IL‐17, IFN‐α, and VEGF levels are independent prognostic factors for survival time.
GRIK5 stimulates colon cancer growth and metastasis through cAMP/PKA/CADM3 signaling
Authors: Xie Zhengyong , Ke Yongli , Li Zehang , Chen Junyong , Lei Deqiao , Chen Guijin , Wang Changzheng , Chen Yuhong , Ding Hongliang , Cheng Liyang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGlutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 5 (GRIK5) is a member of glutamate receptors participating, and the kainate receptor family has been proved to regulate cell proliferation and transformation. Our study aimed at exploring the role of GRIK5 in colon tumor progression. Three hundred and ninety eight colon cancer patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA) data set and 26 clinical colon cancer patients were included for GRIK5 expression and prognosis analysis. GRIK5 overexpressed HCT116 and CT26 cell lines were established for cell proliferation and Transwell assay. Western blot analysis and immunostaining assay was conducted to evaluate the activation of activation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/protein kinase A (PKA)/cell adhesion molecular 3 (CADM3) signaling in cell lines and tumor tissues. Subcutaneous CT26‐bearing mice model was established to examine GRIK5‐induced tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Our study identified GRIK5 to be upregulated in patients with colon cancer, and higher GRIK5 levels correlated with the poor overall survival in patients. In vitro, GRIK5 overexpression markedly enhanced the proliferative properties and aggressive behaviors of colon cancer cells. Mechanistically, GRIK5 induced the activation of cAMP/PKA signaling, proceeded with augmented CADM3 expression, eventually resulting in sustained tumor growth. GRIK5 was a crucial scaffold in enabling colon cancer growth and metastasis, which offered a promising target for therapeutic manipulation of colon cancer.
Colorless to black switching with high contrast ratio via the electrochemical process of a hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite
Authors: Xu Ming , Gu Jianmin , Fang Zixun , Li Yu , Wang Xing , Zhao Xiaoyu , Jiao Tifeng , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractColorless‐to‐black switching has attracted widespread attention for smart windows and multifunctional displays because they are more useful to control solar energy. However, it still remains a challenge owing to the tremendous difficulties in the design of completely reverse absorptions in transmissive and colored states. Herein, we report on an electrochemical device that can switch between colorless and black by using the electrochemical process of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite MAPbBr3, which shows a high integrated contrast ratio of up to 73% from 400 to 800 nm. The perovskite solution can be used as the active layer to assemble the device, showing superior transmittance over the entire visible region in neutral states. By applying an appropriate voltage, the device undergoes reversible switching between colorless and black, which is attributed to the formation of lead and Br2 in the redox reaction induced by the electron transfer process in MAPbBr3. In addition, the contrast ratio can be modulated over the entire visible region by changing the concentration and the applied voltage. These results contribute toward gaining an insightful understanding of the electrochemical process of perovskites and greatly promoting the development of switchable devices.