bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health and illness beliefs regarding pain and pain management of New Zealand resident Sāmoan community leaders: A qualitative interpretive study based on Pasifika paradigms
Authors: Upsdell Angela , Fia'ali'i Jessee , Lewis Gwyn N. , Terry Gareth 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedEthnic disparities in chronic pain exist in Aotearoa New Zealand, including a greater impact of pain, less access to chronic pain services and less benefit from treatment for Pasifika people. This study investigated Sāmoan health perceptions and beliefs in relation to pain and how it is managed.MethodsAn interpretive descriptive study was undertaken involving interviews with nine Sāmoan key informants from Aotearoa New Zealand. Interviews explored their beliefs in relation to interpretations of pain and experiences of and preferences for pain management. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsFour main themes were constructed from the data. Pain is interpreted holistically described the attribution of pain to many causes, without limitation to physiological explanations. Stoicism is a character virtue described the predominant belief that pain should be endured without display or complaint. Strength in connectivity described the inherent pain coping strategies that are present within Sāmoan communities. To improve healthcare is to nurture vā described the disconnect Sāmoan people feel from healthcare services and the need to foster relationships to improve health delivery.ConclusionsSāmoan people have beliefs and perceptions about pain and its management that extend beyond traditional Western interpretations. While pain is often endured using traditional strengths within the ‘āīga (family) and community, the Sāmoan community faces challenges in receiving healthcare from mainstream pain services.So What?Clinicians need to foster stronger relationships with Sāmoan individuals and their ‘āīga and appreciate the wider psychosocial context of pain, including spirituality.
Analyze the clinical effect of YAG laser combined with sodium hypochlorite in root canal treatment of pulpitis
Authors: Lin Qiaolin , Li Zhixin , Liu Mingming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare and analyze the clinical therapeutic effects of sodium hypochlorite combined with Nd: YAG laser and sodium hypochlorite alone for root canal disinfection in patients with pulpitis.MethodsPatients with pulpitis were divided into control group and observation group according to random number table method. Both groups received root canal treatment, while the control group received root canal irrigation with 1% sodium hypochlorite. The observation group was irrigated with 1% sodium hypochlorite combined with Nd: YAG laser. Periodontal index, inflammatory index, life quality score and bacterial infection clearance rate of the two groups were compared before and 3 months after treatment.ResultsThe total effective rate of the observation group was 95.35%, which was higher than that of the control group 79.07% (p < .05). After 3 months of treatment, the periodontal index and inflammation level of both groups decreased, and the observation group was lower than that in the control group (p < .05). The life quality score and infection clearance rate of observation group were significantly higher than control group (p < .05).ConclusionCompared with root canal irrigation with 1% sodium hypochlorite alone, sodium hypochlorite combined with Nd: YAG laser for root canal disinfection can significantly improve the therapeutic effect, relieve inflammatory reaction, and decrease bacterial infection.
Interaction among inflammasome, PANoptosise, and innate immune cells in infection of influenza virus: Updated review
Authors: Wei Li , Wang Xufang , Zhou Huifei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundInfluenza virus (IV) is a leading cause of respiratory tract infections, eliciting responses from key innate immune cells such as Macrophages (MQs), Neutrophils, and Dendritic Cells (DCs). These cells employ diverse mechanisms to combat IV, with Inflammasomes playing a pivotal role in viral infection control. Cellular death mechanisms, including Pyroptosis, Apoptosis, and Necroptosis (collectively called PANoptosis), significantly contribute to the innate immune response.MethodsIn this updated review, we delve into the intricate relationship between PANoptosis and Inflammasomes within innate immune cells (MQs, Neutrophils, and DCs) during IV infections. We explore the strategies employed by IV to evade these immune defenses and the consequences of unchecked PANoptosis and inflammasome activation, including the potential development of severe complications such as cytokine storms and tissue damage.ResultsOur analysis underscores the interplay between PANoptosis and Inflammasomes as a critical aspect of the innate immune response against IV. We provide insights into IV's various mechanisms to subvert these immune pathways and highlight the importance of understanding these interactions to develop effective antiviral medications.ConclusionA comprehensive understanding of the dynamic interactions between PANoptosis, Inflammasomes, and IV is essential for advancing our knowledge of innate immune responses to viral infections. This knowledge will be invaluable in developing targeted antiviral therapies to combat IV and mitigate potential complications, including cytokine storms and tissue damage.
Electrospun advanced nanomaterials for in situ transmission electron microscopy: Progress and perspectives
Authors: Zhao Jingyue , Li Zulin , Lv Shiwen , Wang Manxi , Li Chuanping , Li Xuan , Chen Hongyang , Li Manxian , Chen Xiaochuan , Wang Feifeng , Fan Weiwei , Wu Junxiong , Wang Ziqiang , Li Xiaoyan , Chen Yuming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectrospun nanofibers (NFs) have shown excellent properties including high porosity, abundant active sites, controllable diameter, uniform and designable structure, high mechanical strength, and superior resistance to external destruction, which are ideal nanoreactors for in situ characterizations. Among various techniques, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has enabled operando observation at the atomic level due to its high temporal and spatial resolution combined with excellent sensitivity, which is of great importance for rational materials design and performance improvement. In this review, the basic knowledge of in situ TEM techniques and the advantages of electrospun nanoreactors for in situ TEM characterization are first introduced. The recent development in electrospun nanoreactors for studying the physical properties, structural evolution, phase transition, and formation mechanisms of materials using in situ TEM is then summarized. The electrochemical behaviors of carbon nanofibers (CNFs), metal/metal oxide NFs, and solid‐electrolyte interphase for different rechargeable batteries are highlighted. Finally, challenges faced by electrospun nanoreactors for in situ TEM characterization are discussed and potential solutions are proposed to advance this field.image
Sequence variants in the BTD underlying biotinidase deficiency in families of Pakistani origin
Authors: Moatter Tariq , Ahmed Sibtain , Majid Hafsa , Jafri Lena , Bilal Muhammad , Najumuddin  , Faisal  , Khan Aysha Habib 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundBiotinidase deficiency (BTD) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease, which develops neurological symptoms because of the impaired biotin recycling. Pathogenic mutations on BTD gene cause BTD deficiency. The clinical features and mutation analysis of Pakistani children with BTD deficiency have rarely been described. Herein, for the first time, we report the clinical features, BTD gene mutations and biochemical analysis of seven symptomatic children with BTD deficiency from Pakistan.MethodsSeven suspected BTD‐deficient patients who presented abnormal organic acid profiles and clinical features were subjected to Sanger sequencing to identify pathogenic mutations in the BTD gene. The results were analyzed by Mutation Surveyor Software.ResultsAll seven patients exhibited common biotinidase deficiency symptoms including hypotonia, developmental delay and seizures. Biochemical analysis shows marked excretion of 3‐hydroxy isovalerate in all cases, followed by 3‐hydroxy propionate and methyl citrate. Sanger sequencing revealed one frame‐shift mutation, c.98_104delinsTCC (p.Cys33Phefs), and two missense mutations, c.1612C>A (p.Arg538Ser) and c.1330G>C (p.Asp444His). All mutations were in the homozygous state and classified as pathogenic in published studies and mutation databases.ConclusionsThis study has validated the BTD variants as the underlying cause of biotinidase deficiency in which molecular testing of BTD is supported by urinary organic acid analysis and clinical diagnosis. Secondly, the strength of the local availability of this test in Pakistan will paved the way for the neonatal screening of biotinidase deficiency.
The long‐term impact and value of curative therapy for HIV: a modelling analysis
Authors: Guzauskas Gregory F. , Hallett Timothy B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionCurative therapies (CTx) to achieve durable remission of HIV disease without the need for antiretroviral therapy (ART) are currently being explored. Our objective was to model the long‐term health and cost outcomes of HIV in various countries, the impact of future CTx on those outcomes and the country‐specific value‐based prices (VBPs) of CTx.MethodsWe developed a decision‐analytic model to estimate the future health economic impacts of a hypothetical CTx for HIV in countries with pre‐existing access to ART (CTx+ART), compared to ART alone. We modelled populations in seven low‐and‐middle‐income countries and five high‐income countries, accounting for localized ART and other HIV‐related costs, and calibrating variables for HIV epidemiology and ART uptake to reproduce historical HIV outcomes before projecting future outcomes to year 2100. Health was quantified using disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs). Base case, pessimistic and optimistic scenarios were modelled for CTx+ART and ART alone. Based on long‐term outcomes and each country's estimated health opportunity cost, we calculated the country‐specific VBP of CTx.ResultsThe introduction of a hypothetical CTx lowered HIV prevalence and prevented future infections over time, which increased life‐years, reduced the number of individuals on ART, reduced AIDS‐related deaths, and ultimately led to fewer DALYs versus ART‐alone. Our base case estimates for the VBP of CTx ranged from $5400 (Kenya) up to $812,300 (United States). Within each country, the VBP was driven to be greater primarily by lower ART coverage, lower HIV incidence and prevalence, and higher CTx cure probability. The VBP estimates were found to be greater in countries where HIV prevalence was higher, ART coverage was lower and the health opportunity cost was greater.ConclusionsOur results quantify the VBP for future curative CTx that may apply in different countries and under different circumstances. With greater CTx cure probability, durability and scale up, CTx commands a higher VBP, while improvements in ART coverage may mitigate its value. Our framework can be utilized for estimating this cost given a wide range of scenarios related to the attributes of a given CTx as well as various parameters of the HIV epidemic within a given country.
A conserved N protein nano‐vaccine of COVID‐19 exerts potent and cross‐reactive humoral and cellular immune responses in mice
Authors: Li Bing , Zhang Jing , Huang Yang , Li Xinrui , Feng Jing , Li Yan , Zhang Rongxin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) mutates continually, the current vaccines are unable to provide sufficient protection. It is important to develop a broad‐spectrum vaccine with conserved antigens to prevent variant infection. Here we fused the SARS‐CoV‐2 N protein with Helicobacter pylori nonheme ferritin to construct a SARS‐CoV‐2 N‐Ferritin nanoparticle vaccine. Compared with the monomer N protein, the N‐Ferritin nanoparticles induced more lymph node dendritic cells in mice to trigger adoptive immunity. Following this, the N‐Ferritin elicited more robust and long‐lasting antibody responses, which had better cross‐reactivity with the SARS‐CoV N protein. It is also worth noting that higher levels of N‐specific IgG and IgA were distributed in the lungs of N‐Ferritin‐immunized mice. Furthermore, the N‐Ferritin nanoparticles also resulted higher proportion of interferon‐γ+ CD8+ T cells, CD8+ Tcm cells, and T cells with cross‐reactivity in SARS‐CoV‐2, SARS‐CoV, and Middle East respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus. The conserved N‐based nanoparticles could provide a promising vaccine developing strategy against SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and other coronaviruses.
The role of destination personality fit in destination branding: Antecedents and outcomes
Authors: Hultman Magnus , Strandberg Carola , Oghazi Pejvak , Mostaghel Rana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDrawing from fit research in strategic management, this study develops and investigates a model predicting destination attitude and (re)visit intention. The study introduces the concept of destination personality fit on the basis of how well consumer perceptions of a tourist destination's brand personality fits that of what the destination brand manager wishes to convey. A model incorporating destination advertising awareness as an antecedent of destination personality and consumer‐manager destination personality fit is tested on international consumers with the destination personality of Switzerland as the study setting. Structural equation modeling results reveal that destination advertising awareness does indeed relate positively to both stronger perceived destination personality and destination personality fit in consumers’ minds. Interestingly, the subsequent destination personality–destination attitude relationship is moderated by consumer–manager destination personality fit in such a way that the link grows stronger in cases where fit is high. The results have important implications for destination brand managers in that they reinforce the importance of strong and distinct destination personalities. The findings also show the importance of actively communicating the destination brand to consumers since the positive outcomes of a strong destination personality increase in magnitude when successfully communicated, and the vision of the destination brand manager has been adopted by the consumer.
circPPP2R4 promotes colorectal cancer progression and reduces ROS production through the miR‐646/FOXK1 axis
Authors: Hong Yuntian , Chen Baoxiang , Wang Chun , Gui Rui , Zhai Xiang , Qian Qun , Ren Xianghai , Xie Xiaoyu , Jiang Congqing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCircular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. This study aimed to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of circPPP2R4 in CRC. Based on bioinformatic analyses and validation by qRT‐PCR, we identified a novel circRNA, circPPP2R4, which was upregulated in CRC tissues. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis implied a high diagnostic value of circPPP2R4 for CRC. Additionally, high circPPP2R4 levels were positively correlated with advanced clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. Functionally, circPPP2R4 overexpression facilitated CRC cells proliferation, migration and invasion, whereas circPPP2R4 knockdown attenuated the malignant behaviors. In mouse models, circPPP2R4 overexpression remarkably promoted tumor growth and lung metastasis. Mechanistically, a series of experiments containing RIP, RNA pull‐down, and dual‐luciferase reporter assays revealed the circPPP2R4/miR‐646/FOXK1 axis in CRC. Further experiments were conducted to verify that circPPP2R4 reduced reactive oxygen species generation to exert its oncogenic function by sponging miR‐646 to upregulate FOXK1 expression. For the first time, we identified the regulatory role of circPPP2R4 in CRC pathogenesis, providing a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic strategy for CRC.
Comparison of prevention and treatment of portal vein thrombosis between proximal splenic vein ligation followed by postoperative transcatheter anticoagulant therapy and systemic anticoagulant therapy in patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension
Authors: Bu Yang , Liu Kejun , Tian Mingguo , Li Baoding , Wang Liyun , Jia Dong , Yang Yong , Liu Junhao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsSplenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization is one of the important methods to treat hypersplenism, gastrointestinal bleeding, and other complications caused by liver cirrhosis; however, it is accompanied by a high risk of portal vein thrombosis (PVT). This study aimed to explore the preventive and therapeutic effects of proximal splenic vein ligation (PSVL) with postoperative transcatheter anticoagulant therapy (TCAT) on PVT.MethodsThis study retrospectively selected 143 patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, who received splenectomy combined with pericardial devascularization from June 30, 2018 to June 30, 2021. According to computed tomography photography, within 1 week before the operation, the patients were divided into a prevention group (without preoperative PVT, n = 112) and a treatment group (preoperative PVT, n = 31). Then, each group was subdivided based on the treatment and prevention measures into PSVL + TCAT (n = 70) and systemic anticoagulant therapy (SAT) subgroups (n = 73). The preventive and therapeutic effects of PSVL followed by TCAT on PVT were analyzed.ResultsThe operation time in the PSVL + TCAT subgroups was longer than that in the SAT subgroups (185 ± 76 min vs. 161 ± 55 min; p < 0.01). There was no difference between the two subgroups in terms of operative bleeding (345 ± 82 mL vs. 336 ± 65 mL; p > 0.50). There was no operative death, and all patients recovered uneventfully. In the prevention group, procedure‐related complications occurred in two patients in the PSVL + TCAT subgroup (3.7% [2/54]), including one patient with slight pancreatitis and one patient with chylous leakage, owing to mobilization of the pancreas. The PVT incidence in the prevention group was significantly different between the two subgroups at postoperative 7th day, 3rd month, and 6th month (PSVL + TCAT: 0%, 11.1%, and 5.6% vs. SAT: 39.7%, 31.0%, and 20.7%, respectively; all p < 0.05). In the treatment group, the thrombus regression rate at postoperative 7th day and disappearance rates at the 3rd month and the 6th month of the PSVL + TCAT subgroup were significantly higher than those in the SAT subgroup after anticoagulant and thrombolysis therapy (PSVL + TCAT: 75.0%, 68.8%, and 87.5% vs. SAT: 20.0%, 26.7%, and 40.0%; all p < 0.05).ConclusionsPSVL + TCAT reduces the risk of PVT after splenectomy and is safe and effective in treating PVT during surgery for portal hypertension.
Polyphyllin I induces ferroptosis in castration‐resistant prostate cancer cells through the ERK/DNMT1/ACSL4 axis
Authors: Zou Peiliang , Chen Zheng , He Qixiong , Zhuo Yumin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCastration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) inevitably arises after androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Therefore, there is an urgent need to search for novel treatment strategies for CRPC. Polyphyllin I (PPI), one of the steroidal saponins in paris polyphylla, has been shown to have an anticancer effect. This study investigated the role and mechanism of PPI in CRPC cell ferroptosis.MethodsProtein levels of GPX4, p‐extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), ERK, DNMT1, and ACSL4 were measured by Western blot. DNMT1 and ACSL4 mRNA expression was analyzed by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Prostate cancer cells (DU145, PC3) were treated with PPI. Cell viability was assessed utilizing Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay. The role of PPI in regulating ferroptosis was determined by analyzing lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), malonyl dialdehyde (MDA), iron (Fe2+), and glutathione (GSH) content. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay verified the effect of DNMT1 on the ACSL4 promoter. The methylation level of ACSL4 promoter was assessed utilizing MSP. A nude mice xenograft was adopted to detect the effect of PPI in vivo.ResultsPPI inhibited CRPC cell proliferation, reduced levels of GSH and GPX4, and increased levels of MDA, Fe2+, and ROS, while ERK inhibitor reversed the effect of PPI on ferroptosis. PPI repressed the methylation level of ACSL4 promoter by inhibiting DNMT1. DNMT1 knockdown promoted CRPC cell ferroptosis by regulating ACSL4. PPI induced ferroptosis and suppressed CRPC growth in nude mice.ConclusionPPI can be used as a ferroptosis inducer to induce ferroptosis in CRPC cells via the ERK/DNMT1/ACSL4 axis, suggesting that PPI may be a new strategy for CRPC treatment.
The diagnostic accuracy of 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET/CT in primary staging of patients with high‐risk nonmetastatic prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy: A single‐center cohort analysis
Authors: Rajwa Pawel , Heidenreich Julian , Drzezga Alexander , Schmidt Matthias , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Heidenreich Axel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground68Ga‐prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is a recommended imaging modality for patients with recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). Its routine implementation before radical prostatectomy (RP) may allow avoiding undertreatment. We aimed to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET/CT for pelvic lymph node metastases in a large cohort of patients treated with RP and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) for high‐risk PCa.MethodsThis is a retrospective analysis of an institutional database of patients who underwent 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET/CT before RP and ePLND for high‐risk PCa. The diagnostic estimates of 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET/CT with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for lymph node involvement were calculated.ResultsWe included 165 high‐risk PCa patients. The median PSA value was 24.5 ng/mL (range: 6.7–185) and all the patients had biopsy Grade Group 4–5. In total, 46 (28%) of patients had clinical lymph node involvement at 68Ga‐PSMA‐PET/CT. A mean number of resected lymph nodes per patient was 22 (range: 15–45) and 149 (4.2%) of all resected nodes were positive for lymph node metastasis at final pathology. The diagnostic estimates for the detection of pN+ disease at RP were as follows: sensitivity 63% (95% CI: 51–75), specificity 97% (95% CI: 91–99), positive predictive value 94% (95% CI: 82–99), and negative predictive value 79% (95% CI: 70–86). The total accuracy of PSMA‐PET was 83% (95% CI: 76–88).ConclusionOur analyses support high specificity and positive predictive value of pretreatment 68Ga‐PSMA PET/CT for the detection of pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients treated with RP for high‐risk PCa. While a positive finding should be considered as robust indicator for clinical decision‐making, a negative result cannot reliably rule out the presence of lymph node involvement in high‐risk PCa; there is a need for advanced risk stratification in those patients.