bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Yabalakly-1 Settlement: New Materials on the Chiyalik Culture of the Southern Urals
Authors: Ruslanov E. V. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose. The Chiyalik archaeological culture was isolated at the end of 1970. Cultural monuments are located on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan, in the eastern part of the Republic of Tatarstan, the southeastern part of Udmurtia, in the south of the Perm Region, the north of the Chelyabinsk region, the southern part of the Sverdlovsk region and the western part of the Kurgan region.Results. The article presents the results of the work carried out on the Dema River in 2021 by the integrated Golden Horde archaeological expedition. As a result of the conducted surveys, the archaeological settlement of Yabalakly-1 was revealed. It has been established that the monument is single-layer, its cultural layers contain a large number of horse, cow, sheep and dog bones, fragments of cast-iron cauldrons, as well as fragments of pottery and glazed Kashin ceramics.Conclusion. The absence of pig bones is important, since it indicates the practice of Islam. Hunting and fishing played a secondary role in providing the archaeological settlements inhabitants with meat. The obtained archaeological material (fragments of large earthenware pot, glazed Kashin ceramics, stirrup, and parts of cast-iron cauldrons) allows us to date the monument within the 14th century. Similar villages are located within the Southern Urals in the valleys of the Dema, Chermasan, Karmasan rivers, etc.
The Cuckoo Image in the Buryats Traditional Concepts and Rituals
Authors: Badmaev А. А. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose. The study is devoted to identifying the image of the cuckoo in the Buryats mythological ideas and traditional rituals.Results. In the first part of the work, a general description of the cuckoo image is given based on the vocabulary and small genres of the buryat folklore. It was found that the Buryats particularly noted the voice and physical dexterity of this bird from its other biological features. It was also associated with such a negative trait of a person as idle talk.The second part of the study examines the Buryats mythological ideas about the cuckoo. It was found out that the cuckoo appears in the Buryat epic as a sacred bird, a conductor of the celestials will. It has a feminine origin: women are believed to turn into this bird after death as a punishment for easy virtue and committing suicide. The cuckoo image is also associated with the motif of werewolf, ideas about the evergreen needles acquisition by larch trees and the milk wine invention. In the Buryat epic, this bird often acts as a bearer of knowledge about the past and a wealth giver. The dual nature of the magical effect of the cuckoo’s voice was revealed: on the one hand, it can be beneficial for man and nature, on the other hand, it can destroy a person. The negative features of the cuckoo image are associated with the symbolism of death, which is reflected in folk signs, in particular in the superstition about the cuckoo ability to predict a person’s life expectancy.The third part of the article highlights the cuckoo image in the Buryats shamanic ritual. It has been established that it was localized in the shamanic rite of the Aghin Buryats, probably being a relic of totemism.Conclusion. The study shows that the cuckoo image in the mythological ideas of the Buryats is very ambiguous. This bird was revered as a sacred feathered. It personified the feminine principle. The cuckoo was characterized by solar and celestial symbolism, in addition it acted as a fertility symbol, which was manifested in the correlation of the image with nature rhythms and renewal. This bird was associated with sacred trees (the shamanic Mother Tree and the World Tree). At the same time, the image of the cuckoo also had negative characteristics, primarily because it was closely associated with ideas about death.The study shows that some traditional ideas of the Buryats about this bird find parallels with the mythological concepts of other peoples of Eurasia, which is explained by their universality or typological identity and, probably, intercultural contacts that took place in the past.
Results of Field Archaeological Research at the Razdelniy II Site (Central Kamchatka) in 2022
Authors: Fedorchenko A. Yu. , Belousova N. E. , Seletsky M. V. , Vorobey I. E. , Nekrash A. A. , Ptashinsky A. V. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose. This article presents results of the preliminary analysis of archaeological material obtained during the Kamchatka Paleolithic expedition of IAET SB RAS at the Razdelniy II site in Central Kamchatka.Results. It has been established that the earliest habitation episode of the Razdelniy II site is associated with the complex of the cultural horizon 2 dated 12,900–12,600 cal BP. Horizon’s industry is based on the micro-wedge knapping technology, the toolkit included small bifacial leaf-shaped points, transversal burins, high-shaped side-scrapers, and abrasives. The later stage of the site settlement is associated with the Early Holocene assemblage found at the cultural horizon 1, based on the utilization of prismatic cores for the production of blades, bladelets and microblades. The results of field studies indicate the existence of several vast archaeological sites in the interfluve of the Anavgay River and the Razdelniy Creek. On the Kamchatka Peninsula, the studied assemblages demonstrate full compliance with the materials of the Ushki sites, cultural layers IV and VI.Conclusion. The study made it possible to clarify the cultural and chronological sequence of the settlement of the Razdelniy II site in the late Pleistocene and Early Holocene.
The Problem of the Origin, Localization and Chronology of the Tarya Late Neolithic Culture of Kamchatka
Authors: Lebedintsev A. I. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose. This article presents one of the most brilliant ancient culture of Kamchatka – Tarya culture of the late Neolithic period. The author discusses the culture’s localization and chronology, lists the most important sites, gives a description of dwellings, characterizes the economy of Tarya people, and presents the culture material complex.Results. Early complexes attributed to the Tarya culture and determined by the 3rd millennium BC are represented by three archeological sites. They are characterized by a combination of small and large stone tools, various leaf-shaped points, sharp-edged adzes and axes, the absence of bone artifacts, and above-ground dwellings. This period is poorly represented in articles and possibly heterogeneous. The most represented period of the Tarya culture, for which the largest number of dates has been established, dates back to the 2nd and even more so to the 1st millennium BC. The main occupation of the Tarya people was fishing, hunting for land animals and catching sea animals in the rookeries.Conclusion. The most ancient sites of this culture are located on the southeast coast. As a result of the contacts of the Tarya coastal population with the inhabitants of the Kamchatka River valley, a continental cultural community of hunters and fishermen arose, which combined the blade technique and tools polishing, as well as, although to a lesser extent, the tradition of using labrets. Dating the Tarya culture should probably be dated to 2nd – 1st millennium BC. The Old Itel’men culture, in which local variants are distinguished, develops on the basis of the Tarya culture from the 1st millennium AD. Northern Kamchatka was probably the place of active cultural contacts between the ancient popu[1]lation of Kamchatka, Priokhot’e and Chukotka, where the local communities having a certain originality were formed.
Northern Wei Tombs in the Vicinity of Guyuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
Authors: Kudinova M. A. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of this article is to characterize the tombs of the Northern Wei period discovered in the vicinity of Guyuan City, analyze the specifics of the funeral rite of these complexes and define the factors that influenced its formation.Results. The possibility of studying the funeral rite of the Northern Wei period in Guyuan is limited by the small number of known complexes, the fragmentary nature of the materials that have reached our days due to tombs looting, and the lack of scientific publications on some complexes. The tombs known to date are not numerous (only seven tombs have been discovered so far), but varied in design features and the composition of the grave goods, which is explained by the chronological distance and differences in the ethnic and cultural identity and the social status of the tomb occupants. The earliest tombs near Shiwacun Village in Xinji Township show similarities to the tombs of the period of the Sixteen Barbarian States. The burials of ordinary Xianbei who moved to the Guyuan region after its conquest by the Northern Wei testify to the preservation of their own traditions and the insignificant influence of Chinese (Han) culture on their funerary practices.Conclusion. The funeral rite of the Northern Wei tombs in Guyuan, on the one hand, inherits the burials of the Sixteen Barbarian States era, on the other hand, serves as the basis for the funeral rite evolution of the subsequent periods of the Western Wei and Northern Zhou.
Numerical Schemes for Fractional Energy Balance Model of Climate Change with Diffusion Effects
Authors: Arif Muhammad Shoaib , Abodayeh Kamaleldin , Nawaz Yasir 
Published: May 2023

This study aims to propose numerical schemes for fractional time discretization of partial differential equations (PDEs). The scheme is comprised of two stages. Using von Neumann stability analysis, we ensure the robustness of the scheme. The energy balance model for climate change is modified by adding source terms. The local stability analysis of the model is presented. Also, the fractional model in the form of PDEs with the effect of diffusion is given and solved by applying the proposed scheme. The proposed scheme is compared with the existing scheme, which shows a faster convergence of the presented scheme than the existing one. The effects of feedback, deep ocean heat uptake, and heat source parameters on global mean surface and deep ocean temperatures are displayed in graphs. The current study is cemented by the fact-based popular approximations of the surveys and modeling techniques, which have been the focus of several researchers for thousands of years.Mathematics Subject Classification:65P99, 86Axx, 35Fxx. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-03-011 Full Text: PDF
Human Resource Management across Generations within the Context of World of Work 4.0
Authors: Skýpalová Renta , Stojanová Hana , Troger Hermann , Caha Zdeněk 
Published: May 2023

The aim of the paper is to evaluate the expectations of cohorts of workers from Generations X, Y, and Z with regards to their perceptions of what a "good workplace" is. Two research questions were formulated accordingly. Respondents representing workers from Generations X, Y, and Z, from Italy and Austria, were asked to consider and rate (on a 1-5 scale) eighteen criteria on work environment and managerial approach. Multi-sample testing was applied during processing with the ANOVA and Shapiro-Wilk and the Kruskal-Wallis test was subsequently used for multi-sample testing. The findings show that the most popular criterion for all three generational cohorts is "good work atmosphere", followed by "all employees are valued, treated, and rewarded fairly". Interestingly, generational differences were observed for "customer orientation", which was more important for Generation X, and "autonomous organization of work (time)", which was more important for Generations Y and Z. The most surprising result was the significance of corporate image, with less than 4% identifying this as an important issue across all three generations. These findings can help human resource managers create appropriate working environments and motivational tools that meet the real expectations of employees. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-03-013 Full Text: PDF
Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on the Effectiveness of Companies' Business Activities
Authors: Vasiljeva Marina V. , Semin Alexander N. , Ponkratov Vadim V. , Kuznetsov Nikolay V. , Kostyrin Evgeniy V. , Semenova Nadezhda N. , Ivleva Marina I. , Zekiy Angelina O. , Ruban-Lazareva Natalia V. , Elyakov Alexander L. , Muda Iskandar 
Published: May 2023

Background: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a great influence on the sustainability of company development, so it can be considered a business model for business effectiveness. Objective: The objective of the research is to determine the mutual influence of real-estate companies’ activities and CSR effectiveness in different countries. This study examines indicators for assessing companies’ financial stability, CSR, and working capital management's influence on the activity effectiveness of real-estate companies. Methods/Analysis: Questionnaires, the principal component method, the Sobel test, and linear regression analysis are used to evaluate the relationship between CSR and the business performance of autocratic management-style companies. The authors’ algorithm for assessing a company’s financial stability, CSR, and capital management, which affect the efficiency of companies, is proposed. Findings: Empirical analysis has shown that management has no mediating effect on CSR and enterprise performance relationships for companies with high financial stability and working capital, though it has a stimulating effect for low financial stability companies. CSR and business performance have positive relationships in companies, but despite financial stability growing, the autocratic leadership style reduces interest in CSR development. This paper conceptualizes the impacts of CSR on the effectiveness of companies. Novelty: The novelty of this study is to create theoretical and practical provisions aimed at laws and regulations. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-03-08 Full Text: PDF
Characteristics of ASTM A36 steel mechanical properties in pack carburizing with carburizing agent coconut shell charcoal and goat bone powder mixed
Authors: Sujita S. , Okariawan I.D.K. , Hakim L. 
Published: May 2023

In the study the specimens were ASTM A36 low carbon steel pack carburizing at 950℃, soaking time variations of 1, 2 and 3 hours. The carburizing agent is a mixture of coconut shell charcoal and goat bone powder (Capra aegagrus hircus). The size of the powder is 100 mesh, with variations in weight percentage between goat bone powder and coconut shell charcoal: 10%:90%, 20% : 80%, and 30% : 70%. Furthermore, the impact test, hardness, microstructure test and composition test were carried out, to determine the mechanical properties of the specimens. The results of the study show, soaking time and the composition of the carburizing agent affect the mechanical properties of the specimen The lowest impact toughness of 0,0576 joules/mm2 was obtained by the specimen at a soaking time of 1 hour, the composition of the carburizing agent (% wt goat bone powder: coconut shell charcoal) 20% : 80%. The highest surface hardness value was 854.734 Kg/mm2 at 3 hours soaking time with 10%:90% carburizing media composition. The results of microstructure observations showed that in specimens treated with pack carburizing ferrite structure, pearlite turned into martensite.
The Design and Implementation of Blended Learning Teaching Grammar for English Education Students
Authors: Safwan Renita Maeta , Sujana I Made , Farmasari Santi , Waluyo Untung 
Published: May 2023

Teaching grammar was considered very important to the ability to use language. Learning more about grammar will help students produce better sentences while speaking and writing. For this reason, this article introduces different ways of teaching grammar. This research aimed to analyze the design and implementation of Blended Learning in Basic English Grammar classes. This research used mixed methods. The subject in this research was the students from the 1st semester English department of the University of Mataram and the lecturer who taught Basic English Grammar using Blended Learning. The data were collected through observation, questionnaire, interview, and documentation. The results of this study showed that the design of Blended Learning using ICARE as a model of learning in Basic English Grammar for 1st-semester students is great. The students give positive and negative responses toward the use of blended learning. Furthermore, the student’s achievement in Basic English Grammar showed a positive impact. Where the student’s average score on the mid-test was (67.36%). While on the final test was (75.49%). To sum up, implementing blended learning is successful and positively impacts student’s achievement in Basic English Grammar.
Kedudukan Hukum Perempuan Dalam Perolehan Hak Milik Atas Tanah
Authors: Arba Muhammad , Suryani Any , Sahnan Sahnan , Wahyuningsih Wiwiek , Andriyani Shinta 
Published: May 2023

Manusia dalam kehidupannya selalu mengantungkan diri dengan tanah, baik dilihat dari aspek ekonomis maupun dari aspek religius. Oleh karenanya setiap manusia dan badan hukum ingin memiliki dan menguasai tanah. Hukum Adat Sasak asli menyatakan bahwa anak perempuan tidak berhak mewarisi harta benda si pewaris yang berupa tanah dan rumah karena anak perempuan adalah anak yang akan dibawah keluar oleh suaminya. UUPA menentukan tiap-tiap warganegara Indonesia, baik laki-laki maupun wanita mempunyai kesempatan yang sama untuk memperoleh sesuatu hak atas tanah serta untuk mendapat manfaat dan hasilnya, baik bagi diri sendiri maupun keluarganya. Hukum Islam sudah menentukan dalam Al-Qur’an Surat Annisa 11 bahwa bagian ahli waris laki-laki adalah dua kali bagian ahli waris perempuan.
Hukum Adat Sasak menganut sistim kekerabatan Patrilineal sehingga anak laki-laki saja yang berhak mewarisi tanah. Akan tetapi perkembangan sekarang sudah menerapkan sistim kekerabatan Parental, yaitu anak laki-laki dan perempuan mempunyai hak yang sama untuk memperoleh hak waris atas tanah.
Menelisik Komprehensifitas Kebijakan Hukum Reforma Agraria Di Indonesia
Authors: Wahyuddin Wahyuddin , Hasan Abd. , Rahmatullah Johan 
Published: May 2023

Reforma Agraria diperlukan untuk menata kembali penguasaan, pemilikan, penggunaan dan pemanfaatan tanah, serta penanganan sengketa dan konflik agraria sebagai instrumen untuk mewujudkan keadilan dan kesejahteraan rakyat. Namun, substansi Perpres Reforma Agraria lebih menekankan pada aspek penataan aset dan akses pertanahan dengan melakukan reditribusi tanah, legalisasi tanah, dan perhutanan sosial (social forestry) tanpa mengafirmasi kebijakan pembatasan penguasaan lahan, penetapan ukuran luas, kriteria daerah redistribusi dan penanganan sengketa dan konflik agraria sebagai bagian penting sumber ketimpangan kepemilikan tanah.
Expression of the <i>soxRS</i> regulon in bacterial cells exposed to various stress factors
Authors: Akhova A. V. , Tkachenko A. G. 
Published: May 2023

Background. Some stress responses contribute to the formation of bacterial antibiotic resistance, including the soxRS oxidative defense regulon. Elevation of reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress was detected in bacterial cells exposed to various environmental stresses. It can be supposed that a stress-mediated increase in the level of reactive oxygen species will activate the expression of the soxRS regulon genes, which may provide pre-adaptation to antibiotics.The aim. To study changes in the expression of soxRS regulon genes in Escherichia coli cells exposed to NaCl, acetic acid, and heating.Materials and methods. Gene expression was measured in cells bearing reporter gene fusions (soxS::lacZ, nfo::lacZ). An overnight broth culture was diluted in fresh LB broth to OD600 = 0.1 and cultivated at 37 °C without stirring until OD600 = 0.3, then the stressors were applied.Results. Exposure to NaCl and acetic acid activated the expression of soxRS regulon genes, while heating caused a decrease in gene expression. An increase in the expression level was observed in cells subjected to stresses of low intensity (which did not cause a decrease in the number of colony-forming units (CFU) by the 4th hour of exposure compared to the beginning of the stress exposure) and medium intensity (which caused a 10-fold decrease in the number of CFU), whereas high-intensity stresses (which caused a decrease in the number of CFU by more than 10 times), regardless of their nature, were accompanied by a decrease in the expression of the soxRS regulon genes.Conclusion. Under the conditions studied, only the osmotic stress caused by the addition of NaCl was accompanied by a significant activation of the soxRS regulon genes. Sublethal exposure to NaCl, causing an increase in the expression of soxRS regulon genes by 2–2.5 times, may provide pre-adaptation of bacteria to the factors that this regulon is aimed at counteracting, including antibacterial drugs.
Circadian rhythm of carbohydrate metabolism in health and disease
Authors: Sorokin M. Yu. , Pinkhasov B. B. , Selyatitskaya V. G. 
Published: May 2023

The article presents a review of the main circadian mechanisms regulating carbohydrate metabolism and their role in maintenance of energy homeostasis; the molecular genetic structure of the circadian system is also discussed. The role of adipose tissue and other organs and systems in the maintenance of circadian rhythm of carbohydrate metabolism, both in health and in obesity and diabetes, is highlighted. Particular attention is paid to diurnal rhythms of endocrine factors responsible for metabolic patterns of hormones such as cortisol, growth hormone and melatonin. Gender differences in the circadian regulation of energy and carbohydrate metabolism are also discussed, as well as their changes in different age periods. Article provides detailed review of the mechanisms of glucose utilization, reactivity of the pancreatic islets and peripheral insulin sensitivity shifts at different time periods of the day in people with normal body weight, android and gynoid types of obesity, both in women and men. Protective factors of energy metabolism circadian regulation structure preventing the development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease in individuals with so-called “metabolically healthy” obesity type are discussed. Article provides a review of various pathways of circadian rhythm disturbances, mechanisms of their development, as well as exogenous and endogenous factors leading to carbohydrate metabolic circadian rhythm misalignment, such as shift work, untiming of natural and artificial lighting, jet lags, sleep disorders. Represented data contribute to a new look at the pathogenesis of obesity and carbohydrate metabolism disorders in various types of obesity in men and women, that provides basis for searching for new effective methods of prevention and treatment of these conditions, elaboration of evidence-based diets and physical activity recommendations, as well as approaches to their medical treatment.