bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’enseignement-apprentissage en/des langues européennes dans les systèmes éducatifs africains : place, fonctions, défis et perspectives
Authors: Abaka Kouassi Gérard 
Published: August 2023

Cette recherche part du constat selon lequel un bon nombre d’élèves éprouvent des difficultés en mathématiques depuis les premières classes du primaire et la volonté d’en comprendre les causes, notamment au moyen d’une enquête de terrain en Côte d’Ivoire. Son champ d’action est celui de la didactique des disciplines. Adoptant une approche à la fois quantitative et qualitative de type ethnographique, nous tentons de répondre, au moyen d’entretiens semi-directifs, de questionnaires et d’observations de classe, à des questions comme : Quel est le rôle du français dans l’apprentissage des mathématiques ? Comment remédier aux difficultés des élèves dans l’apprentissage de cette discipline scolaire ? Les résultats de cette étude montrent la difficulté supplémentaire que représente le français dans l’enseignement-apprentissage des mathématiques et invitent à l’intégration des langues locales ivoiriennes (y compris les différentes variétés locales du français) dans le processus d’acquisition de cette discipline scientifique.
Scapula-Focused Exercises With or Without Biofeedback and Corticospinal Excitability in Recreational Overhead Athletes With Shoulder Impingement
Authors: Luo Shi-Lun , Shih Yi-Fen , Lin Jiu-Jenq , Lin Yin-Liang 
Published: August 2023

Context
Individuals with shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS) exhibit changes in corticospinal excitability, scapular kinematics, and scapular muscle-activation patterns. To restore the scapular kinematics and muscle-activation patterns in individuals with SIS, treatment protocols usually include scapula-focused exercises, such as scapular-orientation and strength training.

Objective
To investigate whether scapular-orientation and strength training can reverse the altered corticospinal excitability of recreational overhead athletes with SIS.

Design
Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting
University laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Forty-one recreational overhead athletes with SIS: 20 in the scapular-orientation group (age = 26.45 ± 4.13 years, height = 171.85 ± 7.88 cm, mass = 66.70 ± 10.68 kg) and 21 in the strengthening group (age = 26.43 ± 5.55 years, height = 171.62 ± 5.87 cm, mass = 68.67 ± 10.18 kg).

Intervention(s)
Both groups performed a 30-minute training protocol consisting of 3 exercises to strengthen the lower trapezius (LT) and serratus anterior muscles without overactivating the upper trapezius muscles. Participants in the scapular-orientation group were instructed to consciously activate their scapular muscles with electromyographic biofeedback and cues, whereas the strengthening group did not receive biofeedback or cues for scapular motion.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Corticospinal excitability was assessed using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Scapular kinematics and muscle activation during arm elevation were also measured.

Results
After training, both groups demonstrated an increase in motor-evoked potentials in the LT (P = .004) and increases in scapular upward rotation (P = .03), LT activation (P &lt; .001), and serratus anterior activation (P &lt; .001) during arm elevation. Moreover, the scapular-orientation group showed higher LT activation levels during arm elevation after training than the strengthening group (P = .03).

Conclusions
With or without biofeedback and cues, scapula-focused exercises improved scapular control and increased corticospinal excitability. Adding biofeedback and cues for scapular control during exercise helped facilitate greater LT activation, so feedback and cues are recommended during scapula-focused training.
Hamstring Strain Injury Prevention: Current Beliefs and Practices of Practitioners Working in Major League Baseball
Authors: Lazarczuk Stephanie L. , Headrick Jonathon , Hickey Jack T. , Timmins Ryan G. , Leva Furey A. , Bourne Matthew N. 
Published: August 2023

Context
Hamstring strain injury (HSI) is the most frequently sustained injury in Major League Baseball (MLB). However, the beliefs and practices of practitioners working in MLB regarding HSI risk factors and prevention strategies in baseball athletes have not been documented.

Objective
To document the current beliefs and practices of practitioners working in MLB regarding HSI prevention.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Major League Baseball via an online survey.

Patients or Other Participants
Athletic trainers, physical therapists, and strength and conditioning coaches working in MLB during the 2021 season.

Data Collection and Analysis
An online survey was conducted, with participants completing the survey once. Questions pertained to risk factor identification, the use and perceived effectiveness of prevention strategies, and barriers to implementation. Descriptive statistics were calculated for each question.

Results
A total of 91 responses were received featuring respondents from 28 of 30 MLB organizations. The perceived most important intrinsic risk factors were tolerance to high-speed running for first-time HSI and previous HSI for recurrent injury. The perceived most important extrinsic risk factor for both first-time and recurrent HSI was internal communication between staff. The perceived most effective prevention strategies were managing overall workload, regular exposure to high-speed running, and periodization. The most used prevention strategies were core or lumbopelvic strengthening, traditional resistance-training exercises, and managing overall workload. Approximately half (53%) of respondents reported barriers to effective implementation of HSI prevention strategies, including player and coach buy-in, compliance, workload management, and scheduling.

Conclusions
This was the first survey to investigate MLB practitioner beliefs and practices regarding HSI prevention. Responses from practitioners regarding their beliefs about risk factors and appropriate prevention strategies varied, and discrepancies existed between the perceived most effective strategies and those most frequently used.
Understanding Food Insecurity Among Collegiate Athletes: A Qualitative Study at a Public University in New England
Authors: Anziano Jennifer , Zigmont Victoria A. 
Published: August 2023

Context
Authors of previous research at a public university in New England, where the current study takes place, showed that approximately one-third of undergraduate students have experienced some aspect of food insecurity. More recent investigators at this university revealed that students who were members of a sport team were 4 times more likely to be food insecure than their peers who were not on a sport team. The estimated prevalence of student-athlete food insecurity from other previous research studies ranged from 14% to 32%.

Objective
To understand the contributing factors to food insecurity among collegiate athletes.

Design
Qualitative study.

Setting
A public university in New England.

Patients or Other Participants
Data are presented for 10 collegiate athletes who experienced some level of food insecurity according to the United States Department of Agriculture Six-Item Short Form.

Data Collection and Analysis
Data were collected using a brief demographic questionnaire and semistructured interviews.

Results
Contributing factors were a lack of time, special dietary needs, limited campus dining options, and limited access to transportation or kitchens. Coping strategies were managing time and resources, buying cheaper foods, and skipping meals. Food insecurity negatively affected students’ athletic performance. The athletes struggled to balance their athletic and academic schedules and obtain a diet that allowed them to meet their performance goals.

Conclusions
Additional and innovative programming is needed to support food-insecure student-athletes.
Potentiality of Malignant Transformation of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kamala K. A. , Sankethguddad S. 
Published: August 2023

Objectives:
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder (PMD) which has one of the highest rates of malignant transformation (MT) rate. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of MT of OSMF and to analyze the possible contributory factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, habits, various signs and symptoms, and presence of other oral PMDs in a group of OSMF patients attending the Oral Medicine Department.

Materials and Methods:
Out of 25,200 patients who visited the Outpatient Department of School of Dental Sciences, KIMSDU, Karad, from January 2017 to December 2020, 1342 (5.3%) were diagnosed with OSMF and comprised the study sample, in which 1300 (96.87%) were male and 42 (3.12) were female. All the patients were subjected to incisional biopsy, and clinical diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically.

Results:
The prevalence of OSMF was 5.3% with male predominance, and majority of OSMF patients were in the age group of 21–30 years. Betel chewer’s mucosa and leukoplakia was the most associated lesion. Out of total 1300 male and 42 female OSMF patients, 897 (69%) and 17 (40.47%) showed epithelial dysplasia, and 61 (4.69%) male and 1 (2.38%) female patients showed signs of MT, respectively.

Conclusion:
The present study highlights the importance of certain risk factors for OSMF that are associated with an increased chance of MT. There is an urgent need of awareness programs through public–private partnership.
Evaluation of Effect of E-Learning on the Curriculum during the COVID-19 Era at a Private Dental College of Wardha District, Maharashtra: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Thosar Nilima , Wayakar Rutuja Bhalchandra , Srivastava Rashi , Mehta Jayati 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The purpose of the study is to illustrate the preferential levels of e-learning and to highlight the effect of e-learning in comparison to the traditional method of learning among students to ultimately improve academic performance.

Aims:
The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the expectations and effects of e-learning on the dental education among students and staff members at a private dental college of Wardha district, Maharashtra.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 499 students to assess the perception of undergraduate students, interns, and faculty members of a private dental college of Wardha district, Maharashtra, on the impact of e-learning on the understanding of lectures during the COVID-19 period. For data collection, an online questionnaire using Google Forms was prepared. For further understanding of the data, 21 questions were divided into three sections. The first section collects data regarding demographic details such as age, sex, and professional status. The second section had questions regarding the choice of e-learning tools and feasibility, whereas the third section had questions to understand the impact of e-learning on mental and physical health as well as effect on curriculum.

Statistical Analysis Used:
For statistical analysis, SPSS version 24 was used. Analysis of statistics by Chi-square test was done using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:
All faculty members, interns, PGs, and UGs agreed that their screen time increased during COVID-19 as online classes were the primary source of learning. During this era, out of all, 67.89% of faculties, 62.96% of interns, 54.95% of UGs, and 60.67% of PGs encountered vision-related problems such as headache, burning sensation, and dryness of eyes. Faculty members experienced back and neck pain. Almost all participants agreed that they felt isolated using e-lectures. Further, when they were asked about their preferred mode for learning, live/offline mode was preferred over e-learning by 100% of faculty members, 93.63% of interns, 86.08% of UGs, and 88.89% of PGs. Furthermore, all participants showed their strong disagreement for using e-learning as their primary source of learning.

Conclusions:
During COVID-19, e-learning helped us to provide education across the country; however, its use as primary learning media should be judiciously carried out as it may affect the mental and physical health of the patient in long term.
Role of GATA-3 Expression in Urothelial Carcinoma and ITS Correlation with p53 by Immunohistochemistry
Authors: Chandra Kalpana , Mishra Anuja , Singh Sanjeet Kumar , Kumar Nidhish , Upadhyay Rohit , Kumar Umesh , Atique Amad , Singh Tanwi 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
Urothelial carcinomas are known for divergent differentiation, which often poses diagnostic challenges. The use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers helps in differentiating these entities and provides insight into tumor pathogenesis. This study is done with the objective of evaluating significant clinicopathological and histomorphological features of urothelial carcinoma and correlating with GATA-3 and P53 staining.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 59 cases of urothelial tumors were included in this prospective study. Tissue samples were processed, and H and E-stained slides were evaluated and reported as per the WHO/International Society of Urologic Pathology Classification of bladder tumor 2016. IHC for GATA-3 and p53 was performed using respective monoclonal primary antibodies for GATA-3 and p53.

Statistical Analysis:
The correlation between GATA-3 and other classical clinicopathological parameters was studied by Chi-square test. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
In the present study, out of 59 cases, there was a male preponderance with an M: F ratio of 7.4:1 and an age range of 25–85 years. High-grade urothelial carcinoma was the most common histologic subtype. GATA-3 expression was seen in 93.2% of cases. There was a statistically significant correlation of GATA-3 expression with hematuria and dysuria. GATA-3 expression was compared with significant histopathological parameters and a significant correlation of the above parameters with GATA-3 expression was observed. High P53 expression was seen in the majority of high-grade tumors, with only a single case of low-grade UC showing strong P 53 reactivity.

Conclusion:
GATA-3 is a sensitive IHC marker to diagnose urothelial carcinoma. GATA-3 expression intensity and proportion show significant association with histopathological parameters and may play an important role in stratifying high-risk patients.
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio as Inflammatory Marker in Preeclampsia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Thombare Dipanjali , Bhalerao Anuja , Joshi Sulabha , Rao Shradhha , Chavan Ankit , Najan Ashwini 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Preeclampsia (PE) is characterized as pregnancy-related hypertensive disease with unclear pathophysiology but causes tremendous fetomaternal death. Some predisposing factors considered to be responsible are statistical characteristics, hereditary and factors in the environment should purpose local abnormalities in activation of cytogenic elements along with integrins, matrix metalloproteinases, cytokines, and foremost histocompatibility complex molecules mainly responsible for reduced blood supply to placenta and fetus, trophoblastic cellular apoptosis and abnormal placentation.

Aim:
In the current scoping review (ScR), the detection of PE using neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) as an inflammatory marker which is easily available at primary health system.

Methodology:
The subject’s relevant researches were found using an ScR format from database searches in PubMed and Google Scholar. Out of 179 articles 10 fulfilled inclusion criteria which were systematically reviewed and underwent meta-analysis to highlight the knowledge gaps and further additional case–control study done in tertiary care center.

Conclusion:
Maternal NLR and PLR resulting from whole blood cell count is an easily available and routinely performed test, obtained as cost-benefit biomarkers for the early prediction of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.
Exploring the corrosion inhibition of magnesium by coatings formulated with nano CeO and ZrO particles
Authors: K. Neela Murali V. , S. Starvin M. , Bensam Raj J. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. In this study, zirconium oxide (ZrO)-cerium oxide (CeO) based composite coatings were fabricated using doctor blade method to protect pure magnesium from corrosion. The effects of ZrO and CeO on corrosion resistance of magnesium coatings were investigated using Tafel polarization method. Uniform deposition of composite coating without micro-voids was observed from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The results exhibit that the addition of CeO show a higher corrosion resistance in comparison with the specimen coated without CeO in the electrolyte and bare Mg, and also it reduces the corrosion rate of Mg up to 3.67 x 10-5 mpy. Surface morphology of the so developed composite coating result a minimum corrosion on the surface. The usage of ZrO/CeO as coating material is a promising anticorrosive measure for Mg and its alloys due to its elevated corrosion resistance and durability.

KEY WORDS: Magnesium, Cerium oxide synthesis, composite coating, Tafel polarization, Surface morphology
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1299-1306.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.20
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Stroke Cases in Murtala Muhammed Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria: A retrospective study
Authors: Adam Sadiya Ibrahim , Tela Idris Abdu , Sunusi Abdulrashid , Asuku Abdullahi Yusuf 
Published: August 2023

Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease that disturbs or damages the blood supply to the brain. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of stroke cases in Murtala Muhammed Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Five years of records of three hundred (300) stroke patients comprised of biodata and clinical data were collected. The data were expressed as mean±SD, while simple percentage and Chi-square (χ2) tests were used to determine the incidence and association between the variables respectively using Minitab 17.0 software. The results showed an incidence of 182 (61%) males and 118 (39%) females, 265 (78%) and 65 (22%) for the above and below 40 years age groups respectively. The Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo ethnic groups have an incidence of 258 (86%), 24 (8%), and 18 (6%) respectively. The yearly incidence was 40 (13%), 50 (17%), 20 (7%), 56 (17%), and 134 (45%) for 2017 through 2021, respectively. The incidence of hemorrhagic, ischaemic, and transient ischaemic attack strokes were, 222 (74%), 63 (21%), and 15 (5%), while that of left, right, and both sides impairments were 144 (48%), 138 (46%), and 18 (6%), respectively. The common risk factors were hypertension (50%) and hypotension (20%), diabetes mellitus 54 (18%), and others 12 (4%) and 3 (1%) respectively. No association between sex and stroke types (P = 0.553). Conclusively, although intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke, right-side impairment, and hypertension were the most common stroke types, disabilities, and risk factors, respectively there was no association obtained between sex and the incidence of stroke type.
Water Contact, Infection and Re-Infection Rate of Urogenital Schistosomiasis in Shelleng Local Government Area, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Na’acha Frank Emina , Naphtali Samuel Rebecca , Chessed Godly , Nidiya Nubia Caleb 
Published: August 2023

Schistosomiasis is on the increase despite intervention by the Government, Non-Governmental Organization (NGOs) and World Health Organization (WHO) due to the method of intervention used. The research on water contact, infection and re-infection rate of urogenital schistosomiasis was carried out in Kiri dam and Shelleng water bodies. Urine samples were collected from the month of MarchApril 2019 and examined in the laboratory using urine microscopy for schistosoma parasite and from October-November 2019 for re-infection with schistosoma parasite. Results generated ten (10) days after praziquentel administration indicate that the overall prevalence rate for schistosomiasis infection was 13.3% of the 442 study participants examined. Male had the highest rate (18.0%) while female had 8.6% rate of infection. Children that refused to take praziquentel had the highest 25.0%. Participants who adopted Washing/Bathing /Swimming/Drinking (WBSD) had the highest (17.3%). The prevalence rate was low due to the administration of praziquentel. The overall prevalence rate for schistosomiasis re-infection was 52.0% of the 442 study participants examined. Male had the highest rate of 52.9% while female had 51.1%, the intensity of infection shows that male had high intensity of 12.7%. Children whose parents are fishermen had the highest infection of 72.7%, the least infection rate was recorded among children whose parents are in to business (44.9%). Those that involved in picking of snails had the highest rate of 62.6%. Participants who adopted Washing/Bathing/Swimming/Drinking (WBSD) had the highest of 65.7%. The results obtained show that there was equal exposure to the source of infection irrespective of age gender, parents’ occupation and education. It is recommended that integrated method of treatment of the water bodies and populace should be carried out simultaneously.
Therapeutic Potentials of Neem Against Malaria Parasite: A Review
Authors: Osazee Faithfulness O. , Jonathan Eribe M. 
Published: August 2023

Malaria presents a significant public health threat, affecting both developed and developing nations. The rise of drug resistance in regions with high malaria prevalence has posed challenges in effectively managing the disease. Azadirachta Indica, commonly known as the neem plant, has long been recognized as a medicinal plant in Asia and Africa, with historical usage in treating malaria parasites. The neem plant contains various bioactive compounds, making it a popular ingredient in traditional remedies. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of neem leaf and seed extracts in combating malaria parasites. The information used in this review was obtained from previously published studies sourced from various journals. The findings suggest that neem (Azadirachta indica) seeds or leaves show promise as a potential treatment for inhibiting the malaria parasite. However, further research is required to ascertain the antimalarial potency of the neem plant before confidently recommending it as a treatment for malaria parasites.
Phytoremediation Potential of <i>Ficus Benjamina</i> for the removal of Naphthalene, Acenaphthene and Phenanthrene in Contaminated Soil
Authors: Adamu Y.A. , Musa Y. , Nasir S. 
Published: August 2023

This study was undertaken to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of Ficus Benjamina plant for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): Acenaphthene (ACN), naphthalene (NAP) and phenanthrene (PHE) from contaminated soil. The plant was transplanted into pot containing 4 kg soil spiked with the PAHs: ACN, NAP and PHE at concentrations of 1600, 2000 and 2400 mg respectively. A separate pot with untreated soil was used as a control. Irrigation was done with 600 mL of water after every three days in the evening hours for eight weeks. Samples of the plant and soil were collected at the end of the phytoremediation process; the plant was washed with tap water and carefully separated into roots and shoots, dried along with the soil, ground and sieved. The sieved soil, roots, shoots of the experimental plant as well as that of the control were analyzed for the levels of PAHs: ACN, NAP and PHE following Soxhlet extraction with 200 mL of dichloromethane-acetone (1:1 v/v) at 60 oC for 6 hours using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The bioconcentration factor (BCF) in mg/kg and the Translocation Factor (TF) in mg/kg of Ficus Benjamina for ACN, NAP and PHE were (1.76 and 0.47), (0.54 and 2.7) and (0.93 and 0.68) respectively. The results generated in this study have demonstrated that the different concentrations of the PAHs (NAP, ACN and PHE) in root, only NAP was transferred to the aerial parts of the plant and this suggests the suitability of Ficus Benjamina for the phytoremediation of NAP.