bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knockdown of miR‐19a suppresses gastrointestinal dysmotility diarrhea after TBI by regulating VIP expression
Authors: An Ying , Hu Sheng , Zhang Yu , Song Zhengji , Li Ruochang , Li Yan , Li Yongli , Ren Wenjun , Wan Ping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is the main cause of death and can lead to a variety of physiological complications, including gastrointestinal dysfunction. The present study aimed to confirm the miR‐19a‐mediated suppression of diarrhea after TBI through the regulation of VIP expression.MethodsA rat model of TBI induced by controlled cortical injury was used to observe gastrointestinal morphology by opening the abdomen after TBI. After 72 h of injury, the fecal water content of the rats was measured. The end ileal segments were removed, and HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in the intestine. The levels of serum miR‐19a and VIP mRNA were detected by qRT‐PCR. ELISA was performed to detect VIP levels in serum. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the level of VIP in ileal tissues, and immunofluorescence was used to detect c‐kit expression in ileal tissue. CCK‐8 assay was used to detect the cell viability of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), and TUNEL assay was used to detect apoptosis of ICCs.ResultsmiR‐19a and VIP were highly expressed in the serum of TBI rats, and the knockdown of miR‐19a alleviated TBI‐induced diarrhea. In addition, the overexpression of miR‐19a or VIP inhibited the proliferation of ICCs, promoted apoptosis, and suppressed intracellular Ca2+levels, whereas miR‐19a suppression had the opposite effects. A nonselective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L‐NA), PKG inhibitors (KT‐5823 and RP‐8CPT‐cGMPS), and a guanylate cyclase inhibitor (ODQ) restored the inhibitory effects of VIP on ICC proliferation, anti‐apoptosis effects, and Ca2+concentrations.ConclusionKnockdown of miR‐19a inhibits activation of the VIP–NO–cGMP–PKG pathway through suppression of VIP expression, which in turn inhibits diarrhea after TBI.
DBD plasma‐assisted coating of metal alkoxides on sulfur powder for Li–S batteries
Authors: Shafique Ahmed , Vanhulsel Annick , Rangasamy Vijay S. , Baert Kitty , Hauffman Tom , Adriaensens Peter , Safari Mohammadhosein , Van Bael Marlies K. , Hardy An , Sallard Sébastien 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSulfur particles coated by activation of metal alkoxide precursors, aluminum–sulfur (Alu–S) and vanadium–sulfur (Van–S), were produced by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma technology under low temperature and ambient pressure conditions. We report a safe, solvent‐free, low‐cost, and low‐energy consumption coating process that is compatible for sustainable technology up‐scaling. NMR, XPS, SEM, and XRD characterization methods were used to determine the chemical characteristics and the superior behavior of Li–S cells using metal oxide‐based coated sulfur materials. The chemical composition of the coatings is a mixture of the different elements present in the metal alkoxide precursor. The presence of alumina Al2O3 within the coating was confirmed. Multi‐C rate and long‐term galvanostatic cycling at rate C/10 showed that the rate capability losses and capacity fade could be highly mitigated for the Li–S cells containing the coated sulfur materials in comparison to the references uncoated (raw) sulfur. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) confirm the lower charge‐transfer resistance and potential hysteresis in the electrodes containing the coated sulfur particles. Our results show that the electrochemical performance of the Li–S cells based on the different coating materials can be ranked as Alu‐S > Van‐S > Raw sulfur.
The “rebirth” of traditional musical instrument: An interactive installation based on augmented reality and somatosensory technology to empower the exhibition of chimes
Authors: Guo Wenchen , Huang Yiyuan , Chen Zhirui , Zhang Zixun , Sun Guoyu , Zeng Qingxiang , Li Xiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTangible cultural heritage is rich in historical, artistic and scientific value, but due to its own characteristics and the constraints of museum displays, the key issue facing us today is how to utilize and activate cultural heritage to enhance the experience and learning interest of the audience. Focusing on the Chinese cultural treasure, the chimes, this article innovatively proposes an interaction system based on digital augmented projection and somatosensory technology to empower the aesthetic expression and knowledge dissemination of chimes. On this basis, a series of evaluations were carried out and the results showed that the system effectively provides a satisfying, personalized and fun way for users to interact with chimes and learn the traditional culture, successfully bringing this ancient instrument back to life. Moreover, this article shares in detail the research, design and development process, which provides inspiration and examples for other museums to present their tangible cultural heritage through mixed reality and interactive technology.
Advances in Metal Oxide‐based Nanocatalysts for Biodiesel Production: A Review
Authors: Joshi Naveen Chandra , Gururani Prateek , Bhatnagar Pooja , Kumar Vinod , Vlaskin Mikhail S 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe demand for renewable fuels has risen as a result of increasing human population, urbanization, industrialization, and transport systems. Biodiesel production using metal oxide‐based heterogeneous catalysts is an efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly approach. Because of their recovery, reusability, and consistency, heterogeneous catalysts may be preferable to homogeneous catalysts. Since the last few decades, the metal oxides of alkali earth and transition metals and their composite materials have been used as nanocatalysts in the production of biodiesel fuel. Utilization of inorganic metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) and their composite materials in producing biodiesel has gained increased attention because of their advanced physical and chemical characteristics. In this review, the applicability of metal oxides and their nanocomposite‐based catalysts in biodiesel production, transesterification reactions with nanocatalytic systems, and the important parameters that affect these reactions are discussed.
Micrometre‐Sized Porous Polymer Beads as Heterogeneous Molecular Catalysts
Authors: Stammler Michael B. , Bauer Anton , Alkhurisi Mohammed H. , Gigl Ferdinand , Wisser Florian M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPorous polymers have great potential as versatile, chemically stable catalyst supports. Yet, shaping of the resulting powders remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate the use of suspension polymerisation to design micrometre‐sized porous polymers beads containing metal binding sites. The good accessibility of the binding sites ensures high catalytic activity, which is demonstrated for two model reactions: photochemical CO2 reduction and transfer hydrogenation of aromatic ketones. Importantly, the shaping of the host material does not affect the catalytic activity of the active site.
Switched inductor‐capacitor‐based quasi‐Z source converter for renewable energy source integration
Authors: Gopinathan Sija , Rao Vemparala Seshagiri , Sundaramurthy Kumaravel 
Published: May 2023

SummaryIn applications involving renewable energy sources such as solar PV and fuel cells, the high‐gain DC–DC converter must have the following desirable characteristics: high voltage gain, continuous input current with low ripple content, common ground structure, reduced voltage stress on the components, and high efficiency. In addition, the requirement of a lower duty ratio to produce a higher voltage gain aids in reducing the converter's inductor core saturation issue. In this research, a converter employing switched capacitor–inductor cells and a quasi‐Z source network with the aforementioned features is proposed. The steady‐state analysis in both CCM and DCM is presented. The performance of the converter including the parasitic effect of converter components is analyzed. This paper also includes a comprehensive comparative analysis highlighting the benefits of the proposed converter. A small signal model and the output‐to‐control transfer function are derived. The analytical performance of the proposed converter is validated using a hardware prototype of 500 W, 50 kHz. A compensator is designed to improve the dynamic closed‐loop performance and validated experimentally. The experimental findings for boosting 48 V input to 650 V output are provided. The results prove that the proposed converter has the advantages of high gain with a lower duty ratio, low voltage stress on components, continuous input current with low ripple content, and a common ground structure.
Machine learning‐based regression models for predicting signal quality of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) optical communication network
Authors: Masih Asbah , Kaur Gurjit 
Published: May 2023

SummaryOver the years, optical communication systems have been a significant source of fast and secure communication. However, factors like noise and mitigation error can degrade the bit error rate (BER) and quality factor (Q factor) of optical communication systems. Predicting the optimal threshold, Q factor, and BER is usually a difficult task. Therefore, in this paper, machine learning‐based linear regression, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, and Ridge regression have been used for a dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM)‐based optical communication network to predict the signal quality. These techniques have been used to predict the desired BER, Q factor, threshold, and eye height of the system. To demonstrate this research concept, a DWDM‐based optical communication network of 50 km length is designed and simulated using Optisystem‐14.0. After data preparation, regression models have been developed and validated through diagnostic plots. Results show that mean square error (MSE) has a significant decline with an increase in the number of epochs for all four models. LASSO and Ridge regression have effectively resolved the issue of overfitting, which occurred in the linear regression case. Furthermore, the mean MSE plot proved the significant reduction of mean MSE in the case of LASSO regression. Results show that min BER for LASSO regression came out to be −173,627.14, providing a robust and cost‐efficient process.
How to realize the sustainable distribution of desert riparian forest?
Authors: Zhao Xinfeng , Xu Hailiang , Zhang Peng , Yang Yongqiang , Xu Qiao , Wang Chuhan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to restore the dominant natural species of the desert riparian forests, that is, Populus euphratica oliv, and clarify the regeneration mechanism. The frequency of P. euphratica euphratica occurrence was investigated, and soil samples were collected every 1 km along the 368‐km river to analyse the distribution and influence mechanism of P. euphratica euphratica. The main results show (1) the distribution of soil salt in the lower reaches of the Tarim River showed the phenomenon of high salt content at the head and the tail, whereas the occurrence frequency of P. euphratica was the opposite. (2) Soil salinity had a significant effect on the distribution of P. euphratica (p < 0.001) but had little effect on the distribution of vegetation coverage and species. Soil salinity limits the distribution of P. euphratica seeds by limiting their germination. When the concentration of NaCl solution reached 0.3 mol/L, the germination rate of P. euphratica seeds began to decrease significantly, and when the concentration reached 0.6 mol/L, the germination rate decreased, with almost no germination. P. euphratica had the lowest saline‐alkali resistance among the main tree species in desert riparian forests. (3) In order to promote the regeneration of forest land, the moderate flooding disturbance should be adopted. Flooding regimes were a pre‐condition of P. euphratica regeneration, which provided conditions for seed germination and seeding growth.
Coronary microvascular dysfunction in Takotsubo syndrome and associations with left ventricular function
Authors: Ekenbäck Christina , Nickander Jannike , Jokhaji Fadi , Tornvall Per , Engblom Henrik , Spaak Jonas , Persson Jonas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsCoronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) has been proposed as an important pathophysiological mechanism in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Our aims were (i) to evaluate and compare levels of CMD in patients with TTS and patients with ischaemia and no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) and (ii) to investigate associations between CMD and clinical parameters, left ventricular function, and coronary atherosclerosis in TTS.Methods and resultsWe conducted a prospective study of 27 female TTS patients and an equally sized, age‐ and gender‐matched, cohort of INOCA patients. Coronary microvascular function was quantified invasively using the index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), coronary flow reserve (CFR), and resistive reserve ratio (RRR). CMD was defined as IMR ≥ 25 and/or CFR ≤ 2. In the TTS patients, left ventricular function was assessed with echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, and coronary atherosclerosis was visualized with intravascular ultrasound with near‐infrared spectroscopy (IVUS‐NIRS). The incidence of CMD was higher in the TTS patients than in the INOCA cohort (78% vs. 44%, P = 0.01), with higher IMR (30 vs. 14, P = 0.002), lower CFR (1.8 vs. 2.8, P = 0.009), and lower RRR (2.1 vs. 3.5, P = 0.003). In apical compared with midventricular TTS, IMR was numerically higher (50 vs. 28, P = 0.20), whereas CFR and RRR were lower (1.5 vs. 2.5, P = 0.003 and 1.6 vs. 2.7, P = 0.01, respectively). Global longitudinal strain and global circumferential strain, assessed with CMR imaging, were more impaired in apical than in midventricular TTS (−11 vs. −14, P < 0.001 and −12 vs. −15, P = 0.049, respectively). In the TTS patients, CFR and RRR correlated with echocardiography‐derived (R2 = 0.15, P = 0.002 and R2 = 0.18, P = 0.007, respectively) and CMR‐derived (R2 = 0.09, P = 0.025 and R2 = 0.10, P = 0.038, respectively) ejection fraction. CFR and RRR correlated inversely with CMR‐derived end‐diastolic volume index, end‐systolic volume index, and left ventricular mass index. IMR, CFR, and RRR were not associated with measures of coronary atherosclerosis derived by IVUS‐NIRS.ConclusionsCoronary microvascular dysfunction is common in patients with TTS and more frequent than in patients with INOCA. CMD in TTS is more severe in the apical compared with the midventricular phenotype of the syndrome, is associated with left ventricular function, but is unrelated to coronary atherosclerosis. Our results support the notion of CMD as a key mediator in TTS.
Acute heart failure and valvular heart disease: A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association, the Association for Acute CardioVascular Care and the European Association of Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Chioncel Ovidiu , Adamo Marianna , Nikolaou Maria , Parissis John , Mebazaa Alexandre , Yilmaz Mehmet Birhan , Hassager Christian , Moura Brenda , Bauersachs Johann , Harjola Veli‐Pekka , Antohi Elena‐Laura , Ben‐Gal Tuvia , Collins Sean P. , Iliescu Vlad Anton , Abdelhamid Magdy , Čelutkienė Jelena , Adamopoulos Stamatis , Lund Lars H. , Cicoira Mariantonietta , Masip Josep , Skouri Hadi , Gustafsson Finn , Rakisheva Amina , Ahrens Ingo , Mortara Andrea , Janowska Ewa A. , Almaghraby Abdallah , Damman Kevin , Miro Oscar , Huber Kurt , Ristic Arsen , Hill Loreena , Mullens Wilfried , Chieffo Alaide , Bartunek Jozef , Paolisso Pasquale , Bayes‐Genis Antoni , Anker Stefan D. , Price Susanna , Filippatos Gerasimos , Ruschitzka Frank , Seferovic Petar , Vidal‐Perez Rafael , Vahanian Alec , Metra Marco , McDonagh Theresa A. , Barbato Emanuele , Coats Andrew J.S. , Rosano Giuseppe M.C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcute heart failure (AHF) represents a broad spectrum of disease states, resulting from the interaction between an acute precipitant and a patient's underlying cardiac substrate and comorbidities. Valvular heart disease (VHD) is frequently associated with AHF. AHF may result from several precipitants that add an acute haemodynamic stress superimposed on a chronic valvular lesion or may occur as a consequence of a new significant valvular lesion. Regardless of the mechanism, clinical presentation may vary from acute decompensated heart failure to cardiogenic shock. Assessing the severity of VHD as well as the correlation between VHD severity and symptoms may be difficult in patients with AHF because of the rapid variation in loading conditions, concomitant destabilization of the associated comorbidities and the presence of combined valvular lesions. Evidence‐based interventions targeting VHD in settings of AHF have yet to be identified, as patients with severe VHD are often excluded from randomized trials in AHF, so results from these trials do not generalize to those with VHD. Furthermore, there are not rigorously conducted randomized controlled trials in the setting of VHD and AHF, most of the data coming from observational studies. Thus, distinct to chronic settings, current guidelines are very elusive when patients with severe VHD present with AHF, and a clear‐cut strategy could not be yet defined. Given the paucity of evidence in this subset of AHF patients, the aim of this scientific statement is to describe the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and overall treatment approach for patients with VHD who present with AHF.
Analysis of the response characteristics of a roadway wall under the impact of gas explosion
Authors: Zhenzhen Jia , Qing Ye 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMine gas explosion causes serious failure (damage) to the roadway, but the research on the response characteristics of the impact load of gas explosion to the roadway wall are still very limited. In view of the shortcomings of the existing research, the LS‐DYNA software is used to establish the physical and mathematical models of gas explosion in a roadway, and the validation results show that the model is effective and reliable. Based on the model, changes of pressure, velocity, displacement of roadway walls and equivalent stress under the impact of gas explosions are measured. The response characteristics of the end and wall of roadway under the thermal impact of gas explosion are analyzed. The results show that the pressure on the closed end wall, the center and edge of the roadway is relatively large, and the wall failure is also relatively more serious. With the propagation of gas explosion, the overpressure on the closed end wall gradually attenuates, and the maximum overpressure region also retracts to the center. At the closed end, the explosion pressure is first loaded on the inner wall and gradually transferred to the outer wall. During the transfer, the pressure decays step by step, and the velocity of the measuring point at the closed end decays continuously. With the propagation of gas explosion, the displacement of each measuring point in theZdirection increases continuously. In the axial direction, the displacement near the center of the roadway is large, and then the displacement decreases in the form of regular rings. The impact load produced by the gas explosion is first loaded onto the closed end wall, resulting in wall deformation and equivalent stress. The study results can provide some theoretical basis and data support for the roadway wall design, and reduction of the wall failure.
Numerical investigation on the transient gas–liquid flow in the rapid switching process of pump turbine
Authors: Zhang Fangfang , Zhu Di , Xiao Ruofu , Liu Weichao , Tao Ran 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe frequent switching of pump mode and turbine mode of the pump turbine leads to frequent transient phenomena. To ensure the safe and stable operation of the unit, a detailed study on the exhaust and pressurization process when the unit switches from turbine mode to the pump mode has been carried out. Based on the Shear Stress Transfer model (SST) k–ω turbulent model, the numerical simulations are processed both in a steady and unsteady state. The visualization results of gas–liquid two phases distribution in the dynamic process of exhaust and pressurization are given, and the characteristic references of each stage are also carried out. The transient characteristics of the torque, axial, and radial force of the runner and guide vane are analyzed by combining the short‐time Fourier transform. The results show that the main frequencies in this transient process are the blade passing frequency and its harmonic frequency. This process also presents a high amplitude band at all frequency values, which may be caused by the entrainment and centrifugal action of the runner on the free liquid surface.
Physicochemical properties, nutritional value, and antioxidant potential of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) pulp and seeds from Cameroon eastern forests
Authors: Kamdem Bemmo Ulrich Landry , Bindzi Jean Marcel , Tayou Kamseu Pamela Regine , Houketchang Ndomou Serge Cyrille , Tene Tambo Stephano , Ngoufack Zambou François 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work aimed to study the physicochemical, nutritional, and antioxidant characteristics of the pulp and seeds of the jackfruit collected in the East Cameroon region to reduce the malnutrition problems encountered in the said region. To achieve this work, we first administered a survey. We observed that 50 people from Bertoua knew the fruit among the 200 people surveyed. After that, the physicochemical characteristics and nutritional value of Artocarpus heterophyllus pulp and seeds from Bertoua were evaluated. Finally, the antioxidant compounds (total phenolic and flavonoid contents) and the antioxidant activities were evaluated through the DPPH free radical scavenging capacity, the ability to reduce ferric ions, and the hydroxyl radical scavenging ability using the aqueous, ethanolic, and hydro‐ethanolic extracts of these samples (pulp and seeds). Results (means ± standard deviation) were obtained in triplicate and analyzed statistically by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 0.05 probability level. The results revealed that the jackfruit pulp has a water content (89.85% ± 0.49) significantly higher than that of seeds (60.075% ± 0.12). The pH of jackfruit pulp (5 ± 0) is significantly lower than that of seeds (6 ± 0). Jackfruit pulp had a carbohydrate content (54.39% ± 0.47) significantly higher than that of seeds (49.01% ± 0.43). The protein content of jackfruit pulp (18.35% ± 0.04) is lower than that of the seeds (21.66% ± 0.31). For mineral content, the maximum contents of K (848 mg/100 g ± 10.34) and Na (69.53 mg/100 g ± 0) were identified in the jackfruit pulp while those of Ca (132 mg/100 g ± 9.42), Mg (43.73 mg/100 g ± 9.12), and P (101.51 mg/100 g ± 4.02) were found in the seeds. However, all extracts possessed both antioxidant compounds (phenols and flavonoids) and antioxidant activities. In conclusion, the jackfruit appears to be a fruit that can improve the nutritional status of the populations of eastern Cameroon.