bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Colostomy fistula caused by segmental absence of intestinal musculature: a case report
Authors: Shibata Jumpei , Inagaki Kota 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Segmental Absence of Intestinal Musculature (SAIM) is a rare condition associated with intestinal obstruction and perforation. Colostomy fistula as a presentation of SAIM and their association with anastomotic failure have not been previously reported. This case report aimed to raise awareness of this unique manifestation and its potential implications.

Case presentation
A 58-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and lumbar hernia presented with diarrhea. Lower gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a tumor in the rectum, for which he was diagnosed with a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a laparoscopic Hartmann operation. After the operation, an entero-entero-fistula was identified at the sigmoid colostomy site. Subsequently, laparoscopic reconstruction of the colostomy was performed, and the patient had a favorable postoperative course without complications. Histopathological examination confirmed the localized absence of the muscularis propria in the resected colon, with fibrosis and nearby ganglion cells.

Conclusions
This case highlights the rarity of a colostomy fistula as a manifestation of SAIM and emphasizes the need to consider SAIM in the differential diagnosis for such cases. The presence of SAIM-affected lesions poses a risk of anastomotic failure, underscoring the importance of assessing the risk of complications during future surgeries. Surgeons should be aware of the etiology and potential implications of SAIM to ensure appropriate management and minimize postoperative morbidity. Further studies are warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and optimize surgical strategies for patients with SAIM and its associated complications. Increased awareness among clinicians is crucial for timely diagnoses and tailored interventions to improve patient outcomes.
NK cells encapsulated in micro/macropore-forming hydrogels via 3D bioprinting for tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Kim Dahong , Jo Seona , Lee Dongjin , Kim Seok-Min , Seok Ji Min , Yeo Seon Ju , Lee Jun Hee , Lee Jae Jong , Lee Kangwon , Kim Tae-Don , Park Su A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Patients face a serious threat if a solid tumor leaves behind partial residuals or cannot be completely removed after surgical resection. Immunotherapy has attracted attention as a method to prevent this condition. However, the conventional immunotherapy method targeting solid tumors, that is, intravenous injection, has limitations in homing in on the tumor and in vivo expansion and has not shown effective clinical results.

Method
To overcome these limitations, NK cells (Natural killer cells) were encapsulated in micro/macropore-forming hydrogels using 3D bioprinting to target solid tumors. Sodium alginate and gelatin were used to prepare micro-macroporous hydrogels. The gelatin contained in the alginate hydrogel was removed because of the thermal sensitivity of the gelatin, which can generate interconnected micropores where the gelatin was released. Therefore, macropores can be formed through bioprinting and micropores can be formed using thermally sensitive gelatin to make macroporous hydrogels.

Results
It was confirmed that intentionally formed micropores could help NK cells to aggregate easily, which enhances cell viability, lysis activity, and cytokine release. Macropores can be formed using 3D bioprinting, which enables NK cells to receive the essential elements. We also characterized the functionality of NK 92 and zEGFR-CAR-NK cells in the pore-forming hydrogel. The antitumor effects on leukemia and solid tumors were investigated using an in vitro model.

Conclusion
We demonstrated that the hydrogel encapsulating NK cells created an appropriate micro–macro environment for clinical applications of NK cell therapy for both leukemia and solid tumors via 3D bioprinting. 3D bioprinting makes macro-scale clinical applications possible, and the automatic process shows potential for development as an off-the-shelf immunotherapy product. This immunotherapy system could provide a clinical option for preventing tumor relapse and metastasis after tumor resection.

Graphical Abstract
Micro/macropore-forming hydrogel with NK cells fabricated by 3D bioprinting and implanted into the tumor site.
Retinal OCT findings in acute central retinal artery occlusion of varying severity at different disease stages – a retrospective, observational study
Authors: Mangla Rubble , Venkatesh Ramesh , Sangoram Rohini , Acharya Isha , Parmar Yash , Prabhu Vishma , Yadav Naresh Kumar , Chhablani Jay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To study the optical coherence tomography (OCT) changes in eyes with acute central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) of different severity and at different disease stages.

Methods
The study included acute CRAO cases of < 7 days duration, imaged on OCT at various time points. Based on the OCT findings at presentation, cases were classified into three severity groups: mild, moderate, and severe. OCT scans were evaluated and classified into four-time intervals based on symptom duration.

Results
There were 39 eyes from 38 patients with acute CRAO who underwent 96 OCT scans. At presentation, the study had 11, 16, and 12 cases of mild, moderate, and severe CRAO, respectively. Middle retinal layer opacification was more common in mild CRAO cases, which caused inner retinal layer thinning over time. Moderate CRAO cases had total inner retinal layer opacification, which resulted in retinal thinning over time. Prominent middle limiting membrane (p-MLM) sign was seen in mild and moderate CRAO eyes while were not visualised in severe CRAO. This sign gradually faded out over time. Other OCT findings in higher grades of CRAO included inner retinal fluid, neurosensory detachment, internal limiting membrane detachment, hyperreflective foci, and posterior vitreous opacities. Regardless of the CRAO grade, the final end-point seen was inner retinal layer thinning over time.

Conclusion
OCT in CRAO is a useful for determining the severity of retinal ischemia, disease stage, tissue damage mechanism, and final visual outcome. More prospective studies analysing a larger number of cases at fixed time points will be required in the future.

Trial Registration
Trial Registration Number: Not applicable.
Effect of tranexamic acid administration on intraoperative blood loss during peritonectomy: a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Shirasu Daiki , Tsuchiya Masahiko , Oomae Noriaki , Shirasaka Wataru , Iino Tatsuhiko , Hirano Daisuke , Satani Makoto 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of tranexamic acid in elective major invasive abdominal surgeries has not yet been established. We investigated the effect of tranexamic acid administration on intraoperative blood loss during peritoneal resection of pseudomucinoma and cancerous peritoneal dissemination.

Methods
Patients aged ≥ 20 years old who underwent peritoneal resection for pseudomucinoma or cancerous peritoneal dissemination at the Kishiwada Tokushukai Hospital were included in this single-center retrospective observational study. The tranexamic acid group received 1000 mg of tranexamic acid at the start of the operation, while the control group received the same intraoperative management as the tranexamic acid group, except for the tranexamic acid administration. The primary endpoint was intraoperative blood loss, and a multivariate analysis of the contributing factors was performed.

Results
The median volume of intraoperative blood loss was 1372 [interquartile range, 842 − 1877] mL and 907 [516 − 1537] mL in the control and tranexamic acid groups, respectively (p < 0.01). The total volume of blood transfusion during the operation was 2040 [1480 − 2380] mL and 1560 [1000 − 2120] mL in the control and tranexamic acid groups, respectively (p = 0.02). Postoperative blood test results revealed D-dimer values of 7.5 [4.1 − 10.7] µg/mL and 1.8 [1.0 − 3.3] µg/mL in the control and tranexamic acid groups, respectively (p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that tranexamic acid administration was significantly associated with decreased intraoperative blood loss (p = 0.02).

Conclusion
Tranexamic acid administration may be useful in reducing intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion volume during highly-invasive surgeries such as peritoneal resection of pseudomucinoma and cancerous peritoneal dissemination.
Enhancer-driven transcription of MCM8 by E2F4 promotes ATR pathway activation and glioma stem cell characteristics
Authors: Sun Yu-meng , Zhang Yi-meng , Shi Hai-liang , Yang Song , Zhao Yin-long , Liu Hong-jiang , Li Chen , Liu Hong-lei , Yang Ji-peng , Song Jian , Sun Guo-zhu , Yang Jian-kai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are responsible for glioma recurrence and drug resistance, yet the mechanisms underlying their maintenance remains unclear. This study aimed to identify enhancer-controlled genes involved in GSCs maintenance and elucidate the mechanisms underlying their regulation.

Methods
We analyzed RNA-seq data and H3K27ac ChIP-seq data from GSE119776 to identify differentially expressed genes and enhancers, respectively. Gene Ontology analysis was performed for functional enrichment. Transcription factors were predicted using the Toolkit for Cistrome Data Browser. Prognostic analysis and gene expression correlation was conducted using the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) data. Two GSC cell lines, GSC-A172 and GSC-U138MG, were isolated from A172 and U138MG cell lines. qRT-PCR was used to detect gene transcription levels. ChIP-qPCR was used to detect H3K27ac of enhancers, and binding of E2F4 to target gene enhancers. Western blot was used to analyze protein levels of p-ATR and γH2AX. Sphere formation, limiting dilution and cell growth assays were used to analyze GSCs growth and self-renewal.

Results
We found that upregulated genes in GSCs were associated with ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated-and-Rad3-related kinase (ATR) pathway activation, and that seven enhancer-controlled genes related to ATR pathway activation (LIN9, MCM8, CEP72, POLA1, DBF4, NDE1, and CDKN2C) were identified. Expression of these genes corresponded to poor prognosis in glioma patients. E2F4 was identified as a transcription factor that regulates enhancer-controlled genes related to the ATR pathway activation, with MCM8 having the highest hazard ratio among genes positively correlated with E2F4 expression. E2F4 bound to MCM8 enhancers to promote its transcription. Overexpression of MCM8 partially restored the inhibition of GSCs self-renewal, cell growth, and the ATR pathway activation caused by E2F4 knockdown.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that E2F4-mediated enhancer activation of MCM8 promotes the ATR pathway activation and GSCs characteristics. These findings offer promising targets for the development of new therapies for gliomas.
Determinants of health-related quality of life among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Mizukami Aya , Trinh Minh Trang , Hoang Thi Phuong , Shibanuma Akira , Ong Ken Ing Cherng , Jimba Masamine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease which impacts patients’ lives. Many studies in high-income countries have focused on their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, evidence of awareness of SLE and HRQoL in low- and middle-income countries is lacking. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants of HRQoL of SLE patients in Vietnam, a lower-middle income country.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology in 2019. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect data. It consisted of Short Form-36 to assess HRQoL which comprised physical and mental component summaries, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Mental Adjustment to SLE. Multiple linear regression was used to identify the determinants of HRQoL.

Results
One hundred thirty four patients with SLE participated in this study. The majority of the patients were women (n = 126, 94.0%). The mean age of all participants was 37.9 years old (standard deviation [SD] 12.5). Of 134 participants, 104 (77.6%) were married. Older patients were more likely to have a lower score of mental component summary (B=-0.45, 95% CI -0.73, -0.17). Patients with more children were more likely to have a lower score of physical component summary (B=-5.14, 95% CI -9.27, -1.00). Patients who felt more helplessness or hopelessness were more likely to have lower scores of physical and mental component summaries (B=-1.85, 95% CI -2.80, -0.90; B=-1.69, 95% CI -2.57, -0.81). Also, patients who felt more anxious were more likely to have a lower score of mental component summary (B=-1.04, 95% CI -1.77, -0.32). Patients who were more satisfied with their lives were more likely to have higher scores of physical and mental component summaries (B = 1.07, 95% CI 0.50, 1.64; B = 1.08, 95% CI 0.55, 1.61).

Conclusion
Factors associated with lower HRQoL in Vietnam were feelings of helplessness or hopelessness, and burdens of parenting roles. However, social support can contribute to a higher HRQoL, such as information support, self-support groups, and daycare services provided at the community level.
NIV failure in respiratory failure: an analysis
Authors: Abraham Sujith Varghese , Azeez Ameer Karavathukudy , Padmanabhan Arjun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has become an increasingly accepted mode of treatment for acute respiratory failure. Concept of NIV has revolutionized the treatment of acute respiratory failure in terms of the spectrum of diseases that can be successfully managed, the locations of its application, and achievable goals. The study was aimed at analyzing various aspects of NIV failure.

Material and methods
In this prospective observational study, all patients who underwent NIV therapy for acute respiratory failure from September 2019 to June 2020 were recruited. The clinical, radiological, laboratory and other relevant data from patients satisfying inclusion criteria were collected and analyzed using appropriate statistical tools.

Results
Out of the 96 NIV applications, 19 (19.8%) failed NIV application in the form of intubation in 12 and in-hospital mortality in 8 (8.3% of the total group). A total of 73.7% (14/19) had an early failure, and 26.3% (5/19) had late failure. The median length of hospital stay was significantly higher in NIV failure group compared to NIV success group (p < 0.001). NIV outcomes like failure rate, in-hospital mortality, and length of hospital stay did not have any difference between type 1 and type 2 ARF (p > 0.05). NIV failure and in-hospital mortality were found to be higher in patients with pneumonia and ILD group, respectively (p < 0.05). A baseline respiratory rate of more than 37 per minute, pH < 7.28, and pCO2 > 77 mm Hg measured 1–2 h after NIV initiation, hyponatremia, and prior NIV failure history were identified as the independent predictors of NIV failure. Using NIV as a treatment modality in respiratory failure secondary to pneumonia has more chances of failure (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Though NIV is the preferred initial tool in the management of respiratory failure, it should be judiciously used when risk factors for failure are present. Early escalation or upfront use of invasive mechanical ventilation should be considered in such scenario to prevent undue mortality and morbidity in respiratory failure patients.

Main points
• Key point behind successful expansion of NIV is its capacity to achieve the same clinical outcomes as invasive ventilation with the avoidance of the complications associated with it.
• Delay in identifying the patients who are likely to fail NIV can cause undue delay in intubation; this can lead to clinical deterioration and increased morbidity and mortality.
• Predictors of NIV failure deciphered from this study are prior history of invasive mechanical ventilation following NIV failure, higher baseline respiratory rate, hyponatremia, low pH, and hypercapnia despite 1–2 h of NIV.
Pesticide susceptibility monitoring of fall armyworms (Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)): a simple methodology for information-sharing among Southeast Asian countries
Authors: Thirawut Supangkana , Sutjaritthammajariyangkun Woravit , Rukkasikorn Artit , Punyawattoe Pruetthichat , Noonart Uraporn , Kobori Youichi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is a destructive moth pest. It is highly migratory and was first detected in Southeast Asia in 2018, rapidly becoming a major pest of corn production in this region. Monitoring the susceptibility of S. frugiperda populations is important for efficient insecticide resistance management. Because of the high mobility of this pest, information-sharing of susceptibility levels among neighboring countries is required for insecticide resistance management. To this end, we developed simple standard methods for pesticide susceptibility monitoring of S. frugiperda to contribute to information-sharing among Southeast Asian countries.

Methods
The developed methods included mass rearing of larvae using an artificial diet and bioassay by diet overlay. The lethal concentrations for 50% and 95% mortality (LC50 and LC95) and resistance coefficient values were calculated. We tested the susceptibilities of samples of S. frugiperda collected from the six major corn planting areas in Thailand to emamectin benzoate, spinetoram, chlorantraniliprole, indoxacarb, chlorfenapyr, and lufenuron using the developed methods.

Results
The mortality of artificial diet-fed larvae was higher than those fed corn leaves, especially in the early instars. However, more than half of the specimens reared on the artificial diet became pupae. In the case of three of the six pesticides, emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb, and chlorfenapyr, the LC50 values of the samples collected in 2021 and 2022 were significantly higher than those collected in 2019, indicating increasing resistance to those three pesticides. According to the resistance coefficient values, only samples from one area exhibited low resistance to lufenuron.

Conclusions
We developed a simple standardized methodology for Southeast Asian countries to compare insecticide susceptibility. The calculated LC50 and resistance coefficient values can be used as a baseline for monitoring the development of pesticide resistance in the region. The LC50 values of several pesticides have increased significantly over the years. However, the resistance coefficient values indicated that S. frugiperda developed low resistance to only one pesticide (lufenuron). This study offers helpful information for insecticide selection and improved resistance management of fall armyworms in Thailand.
Cancer patients in the emergency department or intensive care unit: a 20-year bibliometric analysis of research progress and prospects
Authors: Shen Jinge , Xing Qian , Xu Qi , Qian Jie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
An increasing number of cancer patients may require emergency and intensive care at diagnosis and throughout their disease course. This study aimed to explore the progress, prospects, collaboration and network of research in the field of emergency and intensive care for cancer patients using bibliometric analysis.

Methods
A search of the Web of Science (WOS) database was conducted to identify relevant articles in English published between 2000 and 2022. Bibliometric analysis platform and R-studio software were used for data analysis, which included cluster analysis, word cloud matrix, trend topics, and thematic maps based on author keywords and keywords plus.

Results
A total of 630 articles were included, with an average annual growth rate of 17.1%. The most active country in terms of productivity and collaboration was the United States. Trend topics evolved over time, with COVID-19 and epidemiology among the most recent hot topics. General topics such as palliative care, intensive care, emergency department, chemotherapy, management, and outcomes were identified, as well as specialized topics relating to the most common cancer types, and cancer- or treatment-related complications such as brain metastasis, hyperviscosity syndrome, spinal cord compression, pericardial tamponade, hemorrhage, respiratory failure, septic shock, venous thromboembolism, and malnutrition.

Conclusion
There has been a increasing and evolving interest in emergency and intensive care for cancer patients over time.
Health Services Needs Assessment for Retinoblastoma in Ethiopia
Authors: Sherief Sadik Taju , Wu Fran , O'Banion Jacquelyn , Teshome Tiliksew , Dimaras Helen 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to document the available resources and needs for the detection, diagnosis, and treatment of retinoblastoma (RB) in Ethiopia. METHODS A health services needs assessment focused on RB care in Ethiopia was conducted. Information was obtained through a web-based survey and field visits. Facilities offering RB service delivery were categorized into three tiers, on the basis of the ability to detect (tier 1) and manage simple (tier 2) or complex (tier 3) patients with RB. Descriptive statistics were performed to quantify human and material resources available at each facility. RESULTS The web survey received 29 responses from ophthalmologists at 19 health care facilities. Of the 19 units surveyed, seven (36.8%) had an ophthalmologist dedicated to RB treatment, classifying them as either a tier 2 or 3 facility. All tier 3 facilities had an affiliated health facility offering access to off-site pediatric oncology and pathology services. Of the focal therapies offered at tier 3 facilities, none included local chemotherapy or brachytherapy. Enucleation was offered at all tier 2 facilities, but availability of orbital implants and ocular prostheses was variable. None of the health facilities offered genetics services. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the human and material resources needed for RB care in Ethiopia are constrained. Tier 3 RB facilities are rare and concentrated in urban areas, which could make it difficult for many patients to access. With focused capacity-building efforts, it is possible to increase the efficiency of RB therapy.