bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of home healthcare for adults with chronic respiratory diseases and post-COVID-19 syndrome on hospital bed turnover rate: a protocol of systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Leite Sarah , Monteiro Karolinne Souza , Santino Thayla Amorim , Chaves Gabriela , Barbosa Joubert Vitor de Souto , Santos Tácito Z M , Amaral Cleia , Ahmed Sara , Gama Zenewton André da Silva , Mendonça Karla Morganna Pereira Pinto de 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionChronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) have a high prevalence, morbidity and mortality worldwide. After the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of patients readmitted after hospital discharge increased. For some populations, early hospital discharge and home healthcare may reduce health costs in patients treated at home when compared with those hospitalised. This study aims to systematically review the effectiveness of home healthcare for patients with CRDs and post-COVID-19 syndrome.Methods and analysisWe will search on MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Embase and PsycINFO. We will include randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCT studies reported in full text and abstracts. No language restriction will be applied. We will include studies related to adults with a diagnosis of CRDs or post-COVID-19 syndrome that compared in-patient hospital care with any home healthcare. We will exclude studies with participants with neurological, mental diseases, cancer or pregnant women. Two review authors will screen abstracts and select the eligible studies. To investigate the risk of bias, we will use the Cochrane ‘Risk of Bias’ tool for RCT, and the Risk of Bias In Non-randomised Studies-of Interventions for non-RCT. We will use the five Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) considerations to assess the quality of the evidence. Patients and the public will be involved in the preparation, execution and implementation phases of the review.Ethics and disseminationNo ethical approval is required because only published data will be analysed. The publication of the results in peer-reviewed journals and at relevant conferences will guide the direction of future research in the field and healthcare practice. The results will also be disseminated in plain language on social media to disseminate the knowledge to society and the public interested in the topic.
Statins for extension of disability-free survival and primary prevention of cardiovascular events among older people: protocol for a randomised controlled trial in primary care (STAREE trial)
Authors: Zoungas Sophia , Curtis Andrea , Spark Simone , Wolfe Rory , McNeil John J , Beilin Lawrence , Chong Trevor T-J , Cloud Geoffrey , Hopper Ingrid , Kost Alissia , Nelson Mark , Nicholls Stephen J , Reid Christopher M , Ryan Joanne , Tonkin Andrew , Ward Stephanie A , Wierzbicki Anthony 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe world is undergoing a demographic transition to an older population. Preventive healthcare has reduced the burden of chronic illness at younger ages but there is limited evidence that these advances can improve health at older ages. Statins are one class of drug with the potential to prevent or delay the onset of several causes of incapacity in older age, particularly major cardiovascular disease (CVD). This paper presents the protocol for the STAtins in Reducing Events in the Elderly (STAREE) trial, a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial examining the effects of statins in community dwelling older people without CVD, diabetes or dementia.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial among people aged 70 years and over, recruited through Australian general practice and with no history of clinical CVD, diabetes or dementia. Participants will be randomly assigned to oral atorvastatin (40 mg daily) or matching placebo (1:1 ratio). The co-primary endpoints are disability-free survival defined as survival-free of dementia and persistent physical disability, and major cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death or non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke). Secondary endpoints are all-cause death, dementia and other cognitive decline, persistent physical disability, fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal and non-fatal stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, fatal and non-fatal cancer, all-cause hospitalisation, need for permanent residential care and quality of life. Comparisons between assigned treatment arms will be on an intention-to-treat basis with each of the co-primary endpoints analysed separately in time-to-first-event analyses using Cox proportional hazards regression models.Ethics and disseminationSTAREE will address uncertainties about the preventive effects of statins on a range of clinical outcomes important to older people. Institutional ethics approval has been obtained. All research outputs will be disseminated to general practitioner co-investigators and participants, published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT02099123.
Refractive error correction among urban and rural school children using two self-adjustable spectacles
Authors: Ocansey Stephen , Amuda Rufaida , Abraham Carl Halladay , Abu Emmanuel Kwasi 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveSelf-refracting spectacles (SRSs) have different optical and mechanical designs, which may affect the refractive outcome, depending on the experience of the end user. This study compared the performance of two SRS among children in Ghana.Methods and analysisA cross-sectional study of two Alvarez variable-focus SRS designs was conducted. A total of 167 children (mean age 13.6±1.6 years) identified as having refractive error were recruited from 2465 students who underwent screening. Subjects completed self-refraction using FocusSpecs, and Adlens, autorefraction and cycloplegic subjective refraction (CSR) (gold standard). Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare visual outcomes and accuracy of refraction and graphically illustrated using Bland-Altman plots.ResultsEighty (47.9%) urban and 87 (52.1%) rural children were analysed and only about one-quarter 40 (24.0%) wore spectacles. The proportion who achieved visual acuity of ≥6/7.5 with FocusSpec, Adlens, autorefraction and CSR among urban schools were 92.6%, 92.4%, 60% and 92.6%, while those in rural schools were 81.6%, 86.2%, 54.0% and 95.4%, respectively. The mean±SD spherical equivalent errors for urban and rural schools using FocusSpec, Adlens and CSR were −1.05±0.61 D, –0.97±0.58 D and −0.78±0.53 D; and −0.47±0.51 D, –0.55±0.43 D and −0.27±0.11 D, respectively. The mean differences between the two self-refraction spectacles for urban and rural schools were not statistically different (p>0.00) but differed significantly when both were compared with the gold standard (CSR) (p<0.05).ConclusionBackground and refraction experience of school children did not significantly affect self-refraction.
Surgical subspecialization is associated with higher rate of rib fracture stabilization: a retrospective database analysis
Authors: Badrinathan Avanti , Sarode Anuja L , Alvarado Christine E , Sinopoli Jillian , Rice Jonathan D , Linden Philip A , Moorman Matthew L , Towe Christopher W 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundSurgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) is performed on only a small subset of patients who meet guideline-recommended indications for surgery. Although previous studies show that provider specialization was associated with SSRF procedural competency, little is known about the impact of provider specialization on SSRF performance frequency. We hypothesize that provider specialization would impact performance of SSRF.MethodsThe Premier Hospital Database was used to identify adult patients with rib fractures from 2015 and 2019. The outcome of interest was performance of SSRF, defined using International Classification of Diseases—10th Revision Procedure Coding System coding. Patients were categorized as receiving their procedures from a thoracic, general surgeon, or orthopedic surgeon. Patients with missing or other provider types were excluded. Multivariate modeling was performed to evaluate the effect of surgical specialization on outcomes of SSRF. Given a priori assumptions that trauma centers may have different practice patterns, a subgroup analysis was performed excluding patients with ‘trauma center’ admissions.ResultsAmong 39 733 patients admitted with rib fractures, 2865 (7.2%) received SSRF. Trauma center admission represented a minority (1034, 36%) of SSRF procedures relative to other admission types (1831, 64%, p=0.15). In a multivariable analysis, thoracic (OR 6.94, 95% CI 5.94–8.11) and orthopedic provider (OR 2.60, 95% CI 2.16–3.14) types were significantly more likely to perform SSRF. In further analyses of trauma center admissions versus non-trauma center admissions, this pattern of SSRF performance was found at non-trauma centers.ConclusionThe majority of SSRF procedures in the USA are being performed by general surgeons and at non-trauma centers. ‘Subspecialty’ providers in orthopedics and thoracic surgery are performing fewer total SSRF interventions, but are more likely to perform SSRF, especially at non-trauma centers. Provider specialization as a barrier to SSRF may be related to competence in the SSRF procedures and requires further study.TypeTherapeutic/care management.Level of evidenceIV
Quantum walks in spaces with applied potentials
Authors: Varsamis Georgios D. , Karafyllidis Ioannis G. , Sirakoulis Georgios Ch. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDiscrete quantum walks are a universal model of quantum computation equivalent to the quantum circuit model and can be mapped onto quantum circuits and executed using quantum computers. Quantum walks can model and simulate many physical systems and several quantum algorithms are based on them. Discrete quantum walks have been extensively studied, but quantum walks that evolve in spaces in which potentials are applied received little or no attention. Here, we formulate the discrete quantum walk model in one and two-dimensional spaces in which potentials are applied. In this formulation the quantum walker carries a “charge” affected by the potentials and the walk evolution is driven by both constant and time-varying potentials. We reproduce the tunneling through a barrier phenomenon and study the quantum walk evolution in one and two-dimensional spaces with various potential distributions. We demonstrate that our formulation can serve as a basis for applied quantum computing by studying maze running and the motion of vehicles in urban spaces. In these spaces curbs and buildings are modeled as impenetrable potential barriers and traffic lights as time-varying potential barriers. Quantum walks in spaces with applied potentials may open the way for the development of novel quantum algorithms in which inputs are introduced as potential profiles.
Supplementary Table 1 from Comparative Study on the Efficacy and Exposure of Molecular Target Agents in Non–small Cell Lung Cancer PDX Models with Driver Genetic Alterations
Authors: Jo Hitomi , Yagishita Shigehiro , Hayashi Yoshiharu , Ryu Shoraku , Suzuki Mikiko , Kohsaka Shinji , Ueno Toshihide , Matsumoto Yuji , Horinouchi Hidehito , Ohe Yuichiro , Watanabe Shun-ichi , Motoi Noriko , Yatabe Yasushi , Mano Hiroyuki , Takahashi Kazuhisa , Hamada Akinobu 
Published: April 2023

Supplementary Table 1<p>(A)	MRM transitions of each compound(B)	LC condition(C)	MS/MS Parameters were optimized for each compound(D)	MALDI-MS analytical conditions of the testing drugs</p>
Data from Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of the Target Efficacy of SB939, an Oral HDAC Inhibitor with Selectivity for Tumor Tissue
Authors: Novotny-Diermayr Veronica , Sausgruber Nina , Loh Yung Kiang , Pasha Mohammed Khalid , Jayaraman Ramesh , Hentze Hannes , Yong Wei-Peng , Goh Boon-Cher , Toh Han-Chong , Ethirajulu Kantharaj , Zhu Joy , Wood Jeanette Marjorie 
Published: April 2023

<div>Abstract<p>SB939 is an oral histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor currently in phase II clinical trials potently inhibiting class I, II, and IV HDACs with favorable pharmacokinetic properties, resulting in tumor tissue accumulation. To show target efficacy, a Western blot assay measuring histone H3 acetylation (acH3) relative to a loading control was developed, validated on cancer cell lines, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and in animal tumor models. Exposure of cells to 60 nmol/L (22 ng/mL) SB939 for 24 hours was sufficient to detect an acH3 signal in 25 μg of protein lysate. AcH3 levels of liver, spleen, PBMCs, bone marrow and tumor were measured in BALB/c mice, HCT-116 xenografted BALB/c nude mice, or in SCID mice orthotopically engrafted with AML (HL-60) after oral treatment with SB939. AcH3 could only be detected after treatment. In all tissues, the highest signal detected was at the 3-hour time point on day 1. On day 15, the signal decreased in normal tissues but increased in cancerous tissues and became detectable in the bone marrow of leukemic mice. In all tissues, acH3 correlated with SB939 dose levels (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.76–0.94). When applied to PBMCs from 30 patients with advanced solid malignancies in a phase I clinical trial, a dose-dependent (10–80 mg) increase in relative acH3 was observed 3-hour postdose on day 1, correlating with C<sub>max</sub> and AUC of SB939 concentrations in plasma (<i>r</i> = 0.97, <i>P</i> = 0.014). Our data show that the favorable pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of SB939 are translated from preclinical models to patients. <i>Mol Cancer Ther; 10(7); 1207–17. ©2011 AACR</i>.</p></div>
Childhood Cancer Treatment and Clonal Hematopoiesis
Authors: Collord Grace , Behjati Sam 
Published: April 2023

Summary:Hagiwara and colleagues investigated the effects of childhood cancer treatment on the clonal composition of blood. Their findings provide strong evidence that treatment promotes clonal outgrowths (clonal hematopoiesis) in childhood cancer survivors.See related article by Hagiwara et al., p. 844 (4).
Німецькі форми назви слюсаря у польській та східнослов’янських мовах
Authors: Пиц [Pyts] Тарас [Taras] 
Published: April 2023

The Names for a Locksmith in German, Polish and East Slavic Languages This article analyses the names for a locksmith in German, Polish, Ukrainian and Belarusian. The paper outlines previous explorations in this respect and identifies their shortcomings. The author presents the distribution of the forms under study in different groups of German dialects between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries and traces their origins. He also discusses their orthographic, phonetic and morphological assimilation in the Slavic languages. The analysis of historical and linguistic sources has made it possible to identify selected phonetic and morphological processes which occurred in German and are visible in Polish, Ukrainian and Belarusian.Nazwy ślusarza w języku niemieckim, polskim i językach wschodniosłowiańskichNiniejszy artykuł jest poświęcony analizie nazwy ślusarz w językach: niemieckim, polskim, ukraińskim i białoruskim. Opracowanie przedstawia dotychczasowe badania w tym zakresie i wskazuje ich niedociągnięcia. Autor opisuje dystrybucję badanych form w różnych grupach dialektów języka niemieckiego od XIII do XVI wieku oraz ustala ich pochodzenie. Następnie omawia ich ortograficzną, fonetyczną i morfologiczną asymilację w językach słowiańskich. Analiza źródeł historycznojęzykowych pozwoliła zidentyfikować wybrane procesy fonetyczne i morfologiczne, które zaszły w języku niemieckim i są widoczne w językach: polskim, ukraińskim i białoruskim.
A Novel Exon 2 Deletion Mutation in the GRXCR1 Gene Associated With Non-Syndromic Hearing Loss: A Case Report and Review of Literatures
Authors: Rastad Hadith , Samimisedeh Parham , Savad Shahram , Seifi Alan Mahnaz 
Published: April 2023

Background: About 80% of congenital hearing loss cases have genetic causes, often autosomal recessive and non-syndromic. Autosomal Recessive Non-syndromic hearing loss is characterized by extreme genetic heterogeneity. Objectives: To report a case of congenital hearing loss with novel homozygous deletion in GRXCR1 gene. Methods: Case reports and review of literatures. Results: In this study, the proband was a 32-year-old woman seeking pre-marriage genetic counseling with non-syndromic congenital hearing loss. An owing negative test for GJB2 mutations, she underwent exome sequencing, unveiling a novel homozygous exon 2 deletion of the GRXCR1 gene. This mutation was confirmed in her affected mother and sibling by PCR and Quantitative Real-Time PCR. Conclusion: We identified a novel GRXCR1 gene mutation related to congenital hearing loss in a family. Our study highlights the efficiency of exome sequencing in discovering gene mutations in cases of diseases with genetic heterogeneity.
Assessment of Factors Associated With Long-Term Hospitalization in Patients With a Deep Neck Infection
Authors: Ho Chia-Ying , Chan Kai-Chieh , Wang Yu-Chien , Chin Shy-Chyi , Chen Shih-Lung 
Published: April 2023

Background Deep neck infection (DNI) is a severe infectious disorder of deep neck spaces that can cause serious complications. Long-term hospitalization is when a patient spends more time in the hospital than originally expected for a disease. There are few studies assessing the risk factors associated with long-term hospitalization for a DNI. This study investigated the factors causing DNI patients to experience long-term hospitalization. Methods Long-term hospitalization is defined as a length of hospital stay exceeding 28 days (> 4 weeks) in this research. A total of 362 subjects with a DNI between October 2017 and November 2022 were recruited. Among these patients, 20 required long-term hospitalization. The relevant clinical variables were assessed. Results In a univariate analysis, C-reactive protein (odds ratio [OR] = 1.003, 95% CI: 1.000−1.007, P = .044), involvement of ≥3 deep neck spaces (OR = 2.836, 95% CI: 1.140−7.050, P = .024), and mediastinitis (OR = 8.102, 95% CI: 3.041−21.58, P < .001) were significant risk factors for long-term hospitalization in DNI patients. In a multivariate analysis, mediastinitis (OR = 6.018, 95% CI: 2.058–17.59, P = .001) was a significant independent risk factor for long-term hospitalization for a DNI. There were no significant differences in pathogens between the patients with and without long-term hospitalization (all P > .05). However, the rates of no growth of specific pathogens were significantly different between patients with and without long-term hospitalization, and those with long-term hospitalization had greater rates of growth of specific pathogens ( P = .032). The rate of tracheostomy in patients with long-term hospitalization was higher than for those without ( P < .001). Nevertheless, the rates of surgical incision and drainage between patients with and without long-term hospitalization did not achieve statistical significance ( P = .069). Conclusions Deep neck infection (DNI) is a critical, life-threatening disease that could lead to long-term hospitalization. The higher CRP and involvement of ≥3 deep neck spaces were significant risk factors in univariate analysis, while concurrent mediastinitis was an independent risk factor associated with long-term hospitalization. We suggest intensive care and prompt airway protection for DNI patients with concurrent mediastinitis.
Hybrid extracorporeal membrane oxynegation in pediatric intensive care patients: A single center experience: More is better?
Authors: Kahveci Fevzi , Coşkun Mert Kaan , Uçmak Hacer , Özen Hasan , Gurbanov Anar , Balaban Burak , Dikmen Nur , Karagözlü Selen , Sarıcaoğlu Mehmet Cahit , Botan Edin , Gün Emrah , Havan Merve , Ramoğlu Mehmet Gökhan , Uçar Tayfun , Eyileten Zeynep , Tutar Ercan , Akar Ahmet Rüçhan , Kendirli Tanıl 
Published: April 2023

Background The initial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) configuration is inefficient for patient oxygenation and flow, but by adding a Y-connector, a third or fourth cannula can be used to support the system, which is called hybrid ECMO. Methods This was a single-center retrospective study consisting of patients receiving hybrid and standard ECMO in our PICU between January 2014 and January 2022. Results The median age of the 12 patients who received hybrid ECMO and were followed up with hybrid ECMO was 140 (range, 82-213) months. The total median ECMO duration of the patients who received hybrid ECMO was 23 (8-72) days, and the median follow-up time on hybrid ECMO was 18 (range, 3-46) days. The mean duration of follow-up in the PICU was 34 (range, 14-184) days. PICU length of stay was found to be statistically significant and was found to be longer in the hybrid ECMO group ( p = 0.01). Eight (67%) patients died during follow-up with ECMO. Twenty-eight-day mortality was found to be statistically significant and was found to be higher in the standard ECMO group ( p = 0.03). The hybrid ECMO mortality rate was 66% (decannulation from ECMO). The hybrid ECMO hospital mortality rate was 75%. The standard ECMO mortality rate was 52% (decannulation from ECMO). The standard ECMO hospital mortality rate was 65%. Conclusions Even though hybrid ECMO use is rare, with increasing experience and new methods, more successful experience will be gained. Switching to hybrid ECMO from standard ECMO at the right time with the right technique can increase treatment success and survival.
Assessment of the relationship between vitamin D with semen analysis parameters and reproductive hormones levels before and after kidney transplantation: An Iranian randomized and double-blinded study
Authors: Dialameh Hossein , Nikoobakht Mohammadreza , Menbari Oskouie Iman , Rahimdoost Nazanin , Nazarpour Mohammad Javad , Mousavi Seyed Hamid , Lotfi Mohammad , Esmaeilpanah Shima , Inanloo Hasan 
Published: April 2023

Background: Vitamin D’s role is noticeable on homeostasis of calcium and phosphorous and bone mineralization. Some studies prove that vitamin D has a role in reproductive pathways in male and females and its direct relationship with serum androgen levels in males. The common problem of infertility can be seen in 10%−15% of couples. 25%−50% of all infertilities is due to a male factor, and fertility disturbances are common in male CKD patients. Objectives: This study aimed to figure out the effect of serum vitamin D levels on semen analysis parameters and reproductive hormones before and after renal transplantation in ESRD patients. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was carried out on 70 ESRD males (21–48 years old) who were candidates for renal transplantation at Sina hospital between 2021 and 2022. Participants were divided into two groups randomly. First group was supplemented by vitamin D (50,000 units weakly until 3 months), and no intervention was done in the second group. Vitamin D levels, LH, FSH, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), calcium, total and free testosterone, PTH, sexual function, and semen analysis parameters were evaluated in a determined interval before and after (three and 6 months) kidney transplantation Results: Vitamin D levels were noticeably higher in case group in comparison to the control group ( p-value < 0.01) but the difference in all other variables including calcium levels, LH, FSH, total and free testosterone, IIEF-5 score, PTH, GFR, and creatinine was insignificant ( p-value > 0.05). The comparison of semen parameters of the case with control group including sperm count, morphology, volume, and motility didn’t reveal a noticeable difference between the two groups ( p-value > 0.05). Conclusion: Prescription of vitamin D as a supplementation doesn’t improve sperm quality (sperm count, motility, morphology, and volume) and reproductive hormones (LH, FSH, free and total testosterone) after kidney transplantation in male CKD patients.