bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fairness as a criterion for distinguishing between "legal" and "non-legal" laws
Authors: Stepanov Denis , P'yacheva Polina 
Published: July 2023

In modern society, in the context of a clear dominance of positivist-normativist tendencies, the understanding of law and the legal norm itself, as an important direct unit of the entire system, can have a different assessment, taking into account the consideration of the situation from different positions, as well as from the side of the "legal" or "non-legal" law .
Today, the ideas and principles of justice, as one of the criteria for evaluating the law, are the most relevant in the context of the democratization of society, and the interest in its legal interpretation as normative legal acts is still not weakening.
On the issue of the destructive impact of corruption on the institutions of modern society
Authors: Kovshov Nikolay , Vorozheykina Viktoriya 
Published: July 2023

This article is devoted to the study of the problem of corruption in modern society and the destructive impact that it has on all institutions of modern society. The article also explores the hidden nature of corrupt interactions, as well as the most visible cases of the fight against corruption and law enforcement activities in various countries of the world. The article touches upon the topic of the negative impact of corruption in the world on the effectiveness of the implementation of sustainable development goals.
The article will analyze the relationship of corruption with key institutions such as justice, the legislature, the police and the economy. Particular attention will be paid to the destructive effects of corruption, including the weakening of the population's faith in the system, injustice, infringement of rights and economic instability. It is expected that the results described in the article will help to better understand the scale and impact of corruption on the institutions of modern society, as well as offer recommendations and solutions to effectively combat this problem.
Perlindungan Hukum Nasabah Unit Link dalam Risiko Penurunan Nilai Investasi
Authors: Rahman Arif , Kurniasari Tri Widya 
Published: July 2023

Studi ini untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum bagi nasabah Asuransi yang mengambil produk Unit Link terhadap risiko penurunan nilai investasi. Produk asuransi sekarang tidak hanya sebagai produk proteksi tetapi juga telah berkembang dengan kombinasi produk investasi. Produk ini dikenal sebagai Unit Link. Unit link adalah produk asuransi yang tujuan utamanya adalah proteksi, namun memiliki instrumen investasi yang juga bertujuan mendapatkan untung. Namun sama denganproduk investasi lain, Unit Link juga tidak bebas risiko. Antara lain risiko penurunan nilai investasi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, sebagai prosedur penelitian yang menghasilkan data deskriptif tentang permasalahan bagaimana skema produk Unit Link dalam menginvestasikan dana nasabah serta perlindungan hukum nasabah unit link dalam risiko penurunan nilai investasi. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan penelitian hukum normatif (legal research) untuk menemukan apakah hak nasabah asuransi dalam memilih produk asuransi di Indonesia telah diakomodir oleh Undang-Undang Perasuransian. Perlindungan hukum bagi nasabah terhadap risiko penurunan nilai investasi telah diakomodir oleh negara melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2014 tentang Perasuransian. Pasal 22 ayat (4) mewajibkan menyediakan informasi mengenai posisi keuangan, kinerja keuangan dan risiko yang dihadapinya kepada pihak yang berkepentingan dengan cara yang sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan sebagai langkah preventif dan Pasal 71 ayat (1) dan (2) mengatur sanksi administrasi dan Pasal 74 ayat (2) mengatur sanksi pidana sebagai langkah represif. Artinya, secara instrumen hukum. negara telah hadir melindungi warga negaranya sebagai nasabah Unit Link. Hanya pelaksanaan penegakkannya yang masih perlu mendapat perhatian intens mengingat masih kurangnya pengetahuan aparat penegak hukum dalam hal asuransi,
Sócrates en el aula
Authors: Abud Jaso Juan José 
Published: July 2023

La tesis de este ensayo puede enunciarse de una manera simple y clara: la naturaleza de la enseñanza de la filosofía es el diálogo y su función es la crítica. Esta manera de enseñar ha estado vigente desde que Sócrates la inaugurara. En lo que sigue voy a fundamentar esta tesis. Se trata, en efecto, de ser fieles a la pedagogía socrática que es una enseñanza de escucha y transformación.
La enseñanza de la filosofía asume un peculiar lugar respecto al discurso y sus interlocutores que se define por la ignorancia consciente y deliberada que tradicionalmente se le ha denominado docta. Esto implica que él filósofo o la filósofa, en el momento de transmisión de su disciplina, toma una distancia crítica frente a su tradición al mismo tiempo que busca despertar la reflexión en el alumno o alumna. Más que saberes que memorizar, el profesor o profesora de filosofía buscan transmitir una manera de relacionarse con el saber que es una pasión, una philía. Enseñar filosofía es lograr que los alumnos se afilien a ella. La enseñanza de la filosofía es despertar el amor a la filosofía, para hacerle honor a la famosa etimología de la palabra. Por esto, enseñar filosofía no tiene que ver con la trasmisión de saberes o técnicas, sino de un colocarse de otra manera frente al saber: en posición crítica, sin dar nada por sabido.
SELF DISCLOSURE ANAK BROKEN HOME PADA MEDIA SOSIAL TIKTOK (STUDI DESKRIPTIF FOLLOWERS TIKTOK DI HALAMAN KOMENTAR PADA KONTEN @AKUISANN)
Authors: Anggraini Cyntia Dewi , Derivanti Azizah Des , Andini Miftia 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to find out how the self- disclosure process is carried out by TikTok followers on the comments page on @akuisann content. This study uses qualitative methods, descriptive studies, interpretive paradigms, triangulation of sources and in-depth interviews with 5 informants who were selected based on the characteristics or criteria determined by the researcher (Purposeful Sampling). The results of the study reveal that self-disclosure carried out by informants through the comments page on @akuisann content based on the Johari Window Theory belongs to two areas, namely open areas and hidden areas. @akuisann's content for commenting is that there is a dyadic effect where informants do self-disclosure because they see many people doing the same thing. In addition, the results of the description of the informants have a desire to motivate each other. The benefits that result is a feeling of relief because he has conveyed what he experienced to others who have a similar fate. Meanwhile, the communication privacy management process is carried out with culture contextual, motivational, and risky backgrounds.
The Use of English Short Animation Movies to Improve Students’ Listening Skill: A Study at The First Grade of SMPN 1 Lingsar Academic Year 2022/2023
Authors: Yunita Putri , Arafiq Arafiq , Azis Atri Dewi , Sahuddin Sahuddin 
Published: July 2023

This research aims to find out the effectiveness of using English Short Animation Movies to improve students listening skills at SMPN 1 Lingsar academic year 2022/2023. This research was used quantitative method with an experimental design.The design of the research is quasi experimental research with nont-equivalent control grup design two group Experimental group and Control group,The population and sample of this research are all first grade students at SMPN 1 Lingsar The sample was selected based on cluster random sampling technique.And analyzed the data using Microsoft excel and SPSS program.After analyzing the data,the researcher a comparison between the t-test result of the experimental group and control group,in the experimental group the t-test value is 5.562, in the table above it shows that t-test value in the experimental group (5.562) is higher that the t-value table (1.67) for alpha 0.05 and (2.66) for alpha 0.01 which means that the result of the experimental t-test are significant. Meanwhile, the results of the t-test from the control group 2.057 in the table above shows that t-test value in the control group ( 2.057) is lower than the t-table value (1.67) alpha 0.05 and (2.66) for alpha 0.01 which means that the results of the t-test control group are not significant. The conclusion from this research is that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. So it can be concluded that there is a significant effect in the use of English short animation movie to improve students listening skills at the first grade of SMPN 1 Lingsar.
Studi Deskriptif Penerapan Screen Timeterhadap Aspek Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Nurhamida  , Masnipal Marhun  , Dinar Nur Inten  
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Screen time is a term used to describe the amount of time individuals spend interacting with televisions, computers, laptops, smartphones, and video games. Giving screen time to early childhood is a necessity in entering the industrial era 4.0 which can change perspectives and lifestyles. The aim of this research is to analyze the planning, implementation, and assessment of screen time on children's development in early childhood education institutions. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. The research subjects were teachers and parents of students. Data analysis follows the procedures of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, conclusion, and data verification. The results of the study show that the application of screen time in early childhood education institutions is related to all child development tasks. Effective application of screen time can support learning and enhance children's learning and playing experiences, strengthening communication links between children, parents, and others. The research has implications for improving teacher skills in implementing screen time in early childhood education institutions.
Abstrak. Screen time merupakan istilah digunakan untuk menjelaskan jumlah waktu yang dihabiskan individu untuk berinteraksi dengan televisi, komputer, laptop, smartphone, hingga video games. Pemberian screen time pada anak usia dini menjadi kebutuhan memasuki era industri 4.0 yang dapat merubah cara pandang dan pola hidup. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis perencanaan, penerapan, dan penilaian pemberian screen time terhadap perkembangan anak di lembaga PAUD. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian adalah guru dan orang tua siswa. Analisis data mengikuti prosedur pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, kesimpulan, dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penerapan screen time di lembaga PAUD berkaitan dengan seluruh tugas perkembangan anak. Penerapan screen time yang efektif dapat mendukung pembelajaran dan meningkatkan pengalaman belajar dan bermain anak, memperkuat hubungan komunikasi antara anak, orang tua, dan orang lain. Penelitian berimplikasi bagi peningkatan keterampilan guru dalam menerapkan screen time di lembaga PAUD.
Analisis Streaming Film Gratis melalui Telegram berdasarkan Fikih Muamalah dan UU Hak Cipta
Authors: Sarah Aljiel , Ibrahin Mohamad Andri , Intan Nurrachmi  
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Assets in the perspective of muamalah fiqh in terms of their nature have two types, namely those that are material and non-material. Non-material assets include the copyright of a film that has commercial value, so it must be treated as material property. The number of activities to watch movies (streaming) for free on the Telegram application has caused a polemic in the community about its legitimacy. Based on these problems, the purpose of this study is to find out how the practice of streaming free movies via Telegram is from the perspective of fiqh muamalah and to find out how the practice of streaming free movies via Telegram according to Law no. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, using primary and secondary data. The data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis. The results of the study indicate that the practice of streaming movies for free through the Telegram application according to the perspective of Fiqh Muamalah is unlawful or illegal. Then the practice of streaming movies for free through the Telegram application according to the perspective of Law No. 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright, the act is categorized as copying which is a form of copyright infringement in accordance with article 9 paragraph 3 and violates exclusive rights, especially economic rights.

Abstrak. Harta dalam persepktif fikih muamalah dari sisi sifatnya memiliki dua jenis yaitu yang bersifat material dan bersifat non material. Harta non material diantaranya adalah hak cipta dari sebuah karya film yang memiliki nilai komersial, sehingga harus diberlakukan sebagaimana harta yang bersifat material. Banyaknya kegiatan menonton film (streaming) secara gratis pada aplikasi Telegram menimbulkan polemik di masyarakat tentang keabsahannya. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana praktik streaming film gratis melalui Telegram menurut perspektif fikih muamalah dan mengetahui bagaimana praktik streaming film gratis melalui Telegram menurut Undang-Undang No. 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang Hak Cipta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, dengan menggunakan data primer dan sekunder dengan Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik streaming film secara gratis melalui ‎aplikasi Telegram menurut perspektif Fikih Muamalah hukumnya adalah haram atau tidak sah. Kemudian praktik streaming film secara gratis melalui ‎aplikasi Telegram menurut perspektif UU No 28 Tahun 2014 Tentang ‎Hak Cipta perbuatan tersebut dikategorikan sebagai penggandaan yang merupakan bentuk pelanggaran hak cipta yang sesuai dengan pasal 9 ayat 3 dan melanggar hak eksklusif khususnya hak ekonomi.
Analisis Pemotongan Imbalan Nazhir Pengelolaan dan Pengembangan Harta Benda di Wakaf Salman ITB
Authors: Dewi Alpiah Trisna , Senjiati Ifa Hanifia , Nuzula Zia Firdaus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract. The review of the Indonesian Waqf Board (PBWI) Regulations and the Statement of Islamic Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) form the basis for analyzing the practice of cutting a 10% fee at the start of a contract. This study uses a qualitative method with the research object of Wakaf Salman Bandung which applies deductions to nazhir fees. The results of the research are (1) PBWI allows Nazhir to receive operational or administrative costs, allows him to receive compensation from the management and development of waqf up to a maximum of 10% of the net proceeds from the management and development of waqf assets. (2) PSAK explains that nazir has the right to receive a maximum compensation of 10% of the net proceeds. (3) the implementation of the 10% deduction at the beginning of the waqf contract in the Salman Waqf is recognized as an administration fee and does not yet have the results of waqf management. (4) PBWI and PSAK analysis in Wakaf Salman ITB is permissible if it is for operational funds and there is no recognition of the results of management and development of waqf assets.
Abstrak. Tinjauan Peraturan Badan Wakaf Indonesia (PBWI) dan Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Syariah (PSAK) menjadi landasan dalam menganalisis praktik pemotongan biaya 10% di awal akad. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan objek penelitian Wakaf Salman Bandung yang menerapkan pemotongan imbalan nazhir. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) PBWI memperbolehkan nazhir menerima biaya operasional atau administrasi, memperbolehkan menerima imbalan hasil pengelolaan dan pengembangan wakaf maksimal 10% dari hasil neto pengelolaan dan pengembangan harta wakaf. (2) PSAK menjelaskan bahwa nazhir berhak untuk mendapatkan imbalan maksimal 10% dari hasil neto. (3) implementasi pemotongan 10% di awal akad berwakaf pada Wakaf Salman diakui sebagai biaya administrasi dan belum memiliki hasil pengelolaan wakaf. (4) analisis PBWI dan PSAK di Wakaf Salman ITB adalah diperbolehkan jika untuk dana operasional serta belum ada pengakuan hasil pengelolaan dan pengembangan aset wakaf.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA BULOTALANGI TIMUR DALAM PEMBUATAN TEH DAUN KELOR (Moringa Oleifera) DALAM UPAYA PEMANFAATAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM YANG MELIMPAH
Authors: Jumadil Jumadil 
Published: July 2023

Desa Bulotalangi memiliki tanaman kelor yang melimpah, namun pemanfaatannya oleh masyarakat masih sangat kurang, hal ini disebabkan oleh kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat Desa Bulotalangi akan manfaat dan cara pengolahan daun kelor. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengolah daun kelor menjadi teh kelor. Dengan menggunakan metode PRA melalui pendampingan dan pelatihan, diperoleh hasil masyarakat Desa Bulotalangi menjadi lebih paham akan manfaat dari tanaman kelor dan memiliki keterampilan untuk mengolah daun kelor menjadi produk yang dapat dijual.
FRAMEWORK PENILAIAN INDEKS AVAILABILITY DAN KUALITAS DAYA PADA TITIK SAMBUNG PELANGGAN INDUSTRI I4 DI GARDU INDUK PLN
Authors: Istiqomah Istiqomah , Harsono Brian Bramantyo Satriaji Dwi Adiputr , Ridwan Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

Berdasarkan buku statistik Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN) 2021, diketahui pelanggan industri I3 dan I4 memberikan income 92% dari pendapatan industri, walaupun total pelanggan industri I3 dan I4 hanya 9,4% dari total keseluruhan industri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan framework penilaian indeks availability dan kualitas daya pada titik sambung pelanggan industri di Gardu Induk milik PLN. Hal tersebut diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan untuk peningkatan keandalan dan kualitas tenaga listrik. Metodelogi yang digunakan adalah studi literatur, diskusi dengan narasumber terkait untuk penentuan parameter, pengambilan data serta uji coba dan analisis hasil uji coba framework. Berdasarkan hasil uji coba framework penilaian pada 15 pelanggan I4 di kawasan industri Bekasi, Karawang, dan Purwakarta dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat dua pelanggan masuk pada kuadran 1 (pelanggan memiliki availability dan kualitas daya yang baik), tiga pelanggan masuk pada kuadran 2 (pelanggan memiliki availability yang baik, namun kualitas dayanya masih perlu ditingkatkan), delapan pelanggan masuk pada kuadran 3 (pelanggan memiliki availability masih perlu ditingkatkan, namun kualitas dayanya yang baik), dan dua pelanggan masuk pada kuadran 4 (pelanggan memiliki availability dan kualitas daya yang perlu ditingkatkan). Dua pelanggan yang masuk pada kuadran 4 perlu adanya evaluasi lebih lanjut oleh PT PLN (Persero).
Comparison Study between Iraqi Conditions of Contract and FIDIC Conditions- The Red Book
Authors: Hilal Mustafa Abdullah , AL-Najar Zaid Jamel Musa 
Published: July 2023

Reconstruction in Iraq requires coherent legitimate frameworks that are able to detail obligations, rights and responsibilities of the parties participating in reconstruction projects, regardless their type or delivery system.Conditions of Contract can be considered an important component of these frameworks. This paper investigates flexibility and appropriateness of the application of Iraqi conditions of contract in reconstruction projects. These conditions were compared to FIDIC Conditions. The objective wasn't comparing individual clauses, but rather exploring the principles and philosophy laying behind each conditions, and to what extent each conditions care about realizing equity between main contract parties. Validity of application on various project delivery systems was also investigated. The structure of Iraqi and FIDIC conditions were compared to determine how the efficiency of use will be effected by the layout, presentation, organization, and detailing of the contents of each conditions. Moreover, some clauses related to the project parties were compared in order to further illustrate the disparity in efficiency of each conditions. The paper concludes that Iraqi conditions of contract in its current state was, and will continue, hindering the reconstruction efforts in Iraq, as well as being a cause of money waste and bad quality of project outputs.
SECURED SMART CARD SIMULATION
Authors: Jwad Zahraa Ali , Abdulaah Sarkout N. , Ridha Oday A.L.A 
Published: July 2023

Different methods of encryption that are widely used in smart card have been presented. Because of the usefulness and widespread application of Food Ration Card throughout our country, three models of designing and simulations are developed. A comparison between the different models is done. The first model is the Food Ration Card without using any security method. The second model is the Food Ration Card with using an AES algorithm as a security method. The third model is the Food Ration Card with using RSA method. All models are implemented and simulated using BasicCard Development kit Environment. For the first model, a Compact BasicCard version ZC1.1 is used. While for the second and third models, a Professional BasicCard version ZC4.5 is used. From obtained results, we noticed that AES-method is faster than RSA and takes less memory size, but RSA is more securethan AES, since it uses two different keys instead of one as in AES.
Assessment of Modified - Asphalt Cement Properties
Authors: Sarsam Saad Issa , Lafta Ibtihal Mouiad 
Published: July 2023

The Asphalt cement is produced as a by-product from the oil industry; the asphalt must practice further processing to control the percentage of its different ingredients so that it will be suitable for paving process. The objective of this work is to prepare different types of modified Asphalt cement using locally available additives, and subjecting the prepared modified Asphalt cement to testing procedures usually adopted for Asphalt cement, and compare the test results with the specification requirements for the modified Asphalt cement to fulfill the paving process requirements. An attempt was made to prepare the modified Asphalt cement for pavement construction in the laboratory by digesting each of the two penetration grade Asphalt cement (40-50 and 60-70) with sulfur, fly ash, silica fumes. Three different percentages of each of the above mentioned additives have been tried using continuous stirring and heating at 150 ºC for 30 minutes.
The prepared modified Asphalt specimens were subjected to physical properties determination; the penetration, softening point, ductility before and after laboratory aging. It was concluded that all percentage of additives has reduced the penetration value of asphalt cement, an exception to that could be noticed when using asphalt cement (40-50) and when adding sulfur. Softening point was increased with the addition of all percentage of additives except that with 7% sulfur by wt. of asphalt cement (40-50) it decreased by 8%.
After aging in general, the penetration decreased by about 37% for control specimens and the softening point increased by about 8% for control specimens.
For asphalt cement 40-50 after aging, Sulfur has the least impact on ductility since it reduces it by 20%. Silica fumes have moderate effect on ductility when it reduces it by 35%, while fly ash shows the highest impact of 36%.
For asphalt cement 60-70 after aging, sulfur was able to almost retain its ductility, while fly ash shows moderate reduction in ductility within a range of 20-36% and silica fumes shows high impact on ductility in the range of 30-50%.