bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The efficacy and safety of ginger supplementation in patients with multiple sclerosis: A rationale and study protocol for a double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Foshati Sahar , Poursadeghfard Maryam , Heidari Zahra , Amani Reza 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by axonal damage, demyelination, inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune cell infiltration. This disease is the first cause of nontraumatic disability in young adults leading to a decline in patients' quality of life. Patients with MS may also suffer from gastrointestinal symptoms due to the disease or prescription drugs. Unfortunately, no treatment for MS has been discovered yet, and prescribed drugs can only help control its clinical course. Interestingly, recent animal studies have shown positive effects of ginger administration in the MS model. Therefore, we aim to determine the effect of ginger supplementation on neurofilament light chain, matrix metalloproteinase‐9, interleukin‐17, nitric oxide, complete and differential blood counts, disability status, quality of life, gastrointestinal symptoms, and body mass index (BMI) in MS patients.MethodsThis study is a double‐blind randomized controlled trial. Fifty‐two patients with relapsing‐remitting MS will be assigned to intervention and control groups using stratified permuted block randomization. The intervention and control groups will take 1500 mg/day ginger and placebo (as corn) supplements for 12 weeks, respectively. All outcomes will be assessed before and after the trial. Serum concentrations of neurofilament light chain, matrix metalloproteinase‐9, and interleukin‐17 will be measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Nitric oxide serum levels will be detected using colorimetry. Complete and differential blood counts will be assessed by an automated hematology analyzer. Disability status, quality of life, and gastrointestinal symptoms will be evaluated by the Expanded Disability Status Scale, MS Impact Scale, and Visual Analog Scale, respectively. BMI will be calculated by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. Potential side effects of ginger supplementation will also be closely monitored during the study.Trial RegistrationThis protocol was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.irct.ir) under the registration number IRCT20180818040827N3.
Problematic internet use and depressive symptoms among the school‐going adolescents in Bangladesh during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study findings
Authors: Islam Md. Rabiul , Tushar Md. Ismail , Tultul Papia Sen , Akter Rabeya , Sohan Md. , Anjum Ramisa , Roy Arpita , Hossain Md. Jamal , Rahman Md. Ashrafur , Nahar Zabun , Shahriar Mohammad , Bhuiyan Mohiuddin Ahmed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsProblematic internet use (PIU) by children and adolescents is a concern for many parents. Several factors, including students’ education level, the method of instruction, the dependence on the internet, and their intended use of the internet, could all be contributing factors to PIU and depression. Disturbed mental health may be attributed to the cancellation of physical education classes because of the COVID‐19 outbreak. This study aimed to assess the association of COVID‐19 pandemic with PIU and depressive symptoms in adolescent students.MethodsWe performed this cross‐sectional study among 491 school‐going adolescents of 10 to 16 years. Self‐administered questionnaires were applied to collect sociodemographic information and the internet usage pattern of the participants. We measured the prevalence of PIU and depressive symptoms using the PIU questionnaire (PIUQ‐SF‐6) and patient health questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9).ResultsThe estimations of the risk group for PIU and depressive symptoms among school‐going adolescents were 80.04% and 77.80%, respectively. The latent profiling of PIU scores for obsession, neglect, and control sub‐groups were 5.82, 6.12, and 6.35, respectively. Moreover, we observed mild, moderate, and severe depressive symptoms in 48.68%, 27.70%, and 1.43% of cases. Age, education level, medium of education, financial impression, internet connection, the device used, the purpose for internet use, and the living status of respondents were significantly associated with the PIU. Reported mental health issues was associated with education level, medium of education, financial impression, and internet connection.ConclusionThe present study revealed an association of PIU and depressive symptoms with sociodemographic factors and internet usage patterns. Therefore, these results might have practical implications in clinical psychology, psychiatry, and psychotherapy. The healthcare professional can develop a context‐specific comprehensive clinical intervention plan for children and adolescents.
Survey of critical care pharmacists on sedation and analgesia practices in adult and pediatric patients receiving continuous neuromuscular blocking agents
Authors: Kenneally Allison M. , Behal Michael L. , Beckman Elizabeth J. , Mefford Breanne M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is a lack of recommendations regarding sedation/analgesia practices for patients receiving continuous or frequent boluses of neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs), which may cause variation among different clinical practice sites.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to determine critical care pharmacist's perceptions and practices regarding sedation/analgesia for patients receiving NMBAs and to compare sedation/analgesia regimens among adult and pediatric populations.MethodsA 10‐question survey was provided to critical care pharmacists regarding practice site, comfort using NMBAs, and monitoring practices. Respondents could select all sedation/analgesia regimens they commonly see, would recommend, and would consider inappropriate. Responses from adult and pediatric pharmacists were compared.ResultsOf the 2435 pharmacists who received the survey, 192 (7.9%) completed the survey. Most respondents practiced in the United States (97.9%), cared for adult patients (60.7%), and worked in a medical intensive care unit (ICU) (81.3%). Most respondents reported monitoring sedation depth (82.6%) with vitals (49%) and bispectral index (30.3%) being the most common methods. The most commonly observed regimens were continuous infusion (CI) benzodiazepine and CI opioid (n = 114, 66.7%), followed by propofol and CI opioid (n = 104, 60.8%). These were also the most commonly recommended regimens (n = 102, 59.6%; n = 108, 63.2%), respectively. Most respondents would not recommend monotherapy regimens. Dexmedatomidine was utilized and recommended significantly more by pediatric pharmacists while propofol was utilzied and recommended more by adult pharmaicsts. Regimens deemed inappropriate were similar between adult and pediatric pharmacists except for dexmedetomidine‐containing regimens which significantly more adult pharmacists deemed inappropriate.ConclusionDespite a lack of guideline recommendations, use of combination therapy with sedation/analgesia was frequently reported; however, the choice of sedation agent was variable. Given concern with the inability to achieve deep sedation with dexmedetomidine and a high response rate recommending/utilizing dexmedetomidine, further research is needed to guide recommendations for providing appropriate sedation/analgesia to patients receiving NMBAs.
Peer learning can modify the reciprocal relationship between peer support and victimization in middle school
Authors: Low Sabina , Van Ryzin Mark J. , Roseth Cary J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis research investigated how peer victimization and support are reciprocally related and how Cooperative Learning (CL) can reverse the progressive cascade that, unchecked, can culminate in youth mental health problems.MethodsThe sample (N = 1890; 53% male) was derived from a randomized trial of CL in 15 middle schools in the United States. Students were recruited in the 7th grade. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to fit our cross‐lag difference score model across four waves of data.ResultsThe results indicated a reciprocal relationship between peer support and victimization across time, suggesting the potential for negative experiences with peers to become amplified over time in a “vicious cycle,” negatively impacting mental health. Students in intervention schools reported significantly higher levels of peer support and lower levels of victimization, suggesting that CL can intervene in this cycle, with salutary effects on mental health; CL also demonstrated direct effects on mental health.ConclusionsThe present study indicates that low peer support can be both a precursor to and an outcome of victimization, serving to maintain a vicious cycle that compounds negative effects on student mental health. Further, results demonstrate how CL can reverse this cycle. We conclude that CL can be of particular importance to the prevention field as a universal mental health program that does not require the associated stigma of identifying youth at elevated risk for referral to treatment programs.
Safety evaluation of Veillonella atypica FB0054 with genotoxicity and subchronic toxicological studies
Authors: Preece Kayla E. , Glávits Róbert , Murbach Timothy S. , Endres John R. , Hirka Gábor , Vértesi Adél , Béres Erzsébet , Szakonyiné Ilona Pasics 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVeillonella atypica is a nonmotile, nonsporulating anaerobic bacteria commonly found in various human biofilms. V. atypica FB0054 was isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of marathon runners, who have increased amounts of this species after athletic events. Interestingly, the consumption of this strain by rodents has been shown to increase their treadmill endurance, leading to the hypothesis that consumption of this species may improve athletic performance in humans as well. Further evaluation, in humans, of the usefulness of this strain should be preceded by safety studies. Therefore, the genotoxic and subchronic toxicological potential was evaluated as a contribution to this effort. Genotoxicity investigation was performed using the in vivo comet assay and in vivo mammalian micronucleus assay due to the anaerobic characteristic of the strain. A 90‐day, repeated‐dose oral toxicity study was performed in rats up to 2200 mg/kg bw/d to investigate general toxicity and identify any target organs. Mitsuoka buffer, a solution shown to preserve the viability of anaerobic bacteria, was used as the vehicle. All three studies revealed no toxicological effects from exposure to FB0054 was isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of marathon runners, who have increased amounts of this species after athletic events. Interestingly, the consumption of this strain by rodents has been shown to increase their treadmill endurance, leading to the hypothesis that consumption of this species may improve athletic performance in humans as well. Further evaluation, in humans, of the usefulness of this strain should be preceded by safety studies. Therefore, the genotoxic and subchronic toxicological potential was evaluated as a contribution to this effort. Genotoxicity investigation was performed using the in vivo comet assay and in vivo mammalian micronucleus assay due to the anaerobic characteristic of the strain. A 90‐day, repeated‐dose oral toxicity study was performed in rats up to 2200 mg/kg bw/d to investigate general toxicity and identify any target organs. Mitsuoka buffer, a solution shown to preserve the viability of anaerobic bacteria, was used as the vehicle. All three studies revealed no toxicological effects from exposure to FB0054 at the highest doses tested.
HTLV‐1 persistent infection and ATLL oncogenesis
Authors: Zuo Xiaorui , Zhou Ruoning , Yang Sikai , Ma Guangyong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHuman T‐cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) is an oncogenic retrovirus; whereas HTLV‐1 mainly persists in the infected host cell as a provirus, it also causes a malignancy called adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) in about 5% of infection. HTLV‐1 replication is in most cases silent in vivo and viral de novo infection rarely occurs; HTLV‐1 rather relies on clonal proliferation of infected T cells for viral propagation as it multiplies the number of the provirus copies. It is mechanistically elusive how leukemic clones emerge during the course of HTLV‐1 infection in vivo and eventually cause the onset of ATLL. This review summarizes our current understanding of HTLV‐1 persistence and oncogenesis, with the incorporation of recent cutting‐edge discoveries obtained by high‐throughput sequencing.
METTL3 is aberrantly expressed in endometriosis and suppresses proliferation, invasion, and migration of endometrial stromal cells
Authors: Zhang Qian‐Chen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEndometriosis (EM) is one of the leading gynecological disorders, and associated with excessive functioning of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). The current study was conducted to determine the expression and role of methyltransferase‐like 3 (METTL3) in the proliferation, invasion, and migration of ESCs in EM. The documented expression levels of METTL3, microRNA (miR)‐21‐5p, and WNT inhibitory factor 1 (WIF1) in eutopic (Eut) and ectopic (Ect) endometrial tissues and ESCs were determined by a combination of real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assay. After transfection with pcDNA3.1‐METTL3, miR‐21‐5p mimic, and WIF1 small interfering RNA, cell counting kit‐8, colony formation, and Transwell assays were performed in the Ect ESCs (Ect‐ESCs). Subsequently, the binding of miR‐21‐5p to METTL3 was analyzed, along with quantification of the N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) level, the enrichments of METTL3 and m6A on WIF1, and the mRNA stability of WIF1. In our findings, METTL3 was downregulated in the EM tissues and cells. METTL3 overexpression intrinsically reduced the proliferation, invasion, and migration of Ect‐ESCs. miR‐21‐5p inhibited the METTL3 expression while METTL3 enhanced the mRNA stability and expression of WIF1 via m6A modification. Additionally, a negative correlation of METTL3 was identified with miR‐21‐5p along with a positive correlation with the WIF1 mRNA in EM tissues. The miR‐21‐5p overexpression or WIF1 downregulation enhanced the proliferation, invasion, and migration of Ect‐ESCs. Collectively, miR‐21‐5p inhibited the METTL3‐mediated m6A modification and mRNA stability of WIF1, thereby facilitating the proliferation, invasion, and migration of Ect‐ESCs.
Synthesis of PMMA Nanoparticles Loaded with Geopropolis Extract from the Brazilian Stingless Bee Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier, 1836 by Miniemulsion Polymerization
Authors: da Silva Thiago S. , Nogueira André L. , Lafratta Fernando H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present work aims to encapsulate the concentrated geopropolis extract from the Brazilian stingless bee Melipona quadrifasciata quadrifasciata Lepeletier, 1836 in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles produced by miniemulsion polymerization. The concentrated geopropolis extract is obtained by hydroalcoholic maceration and characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis) to quantify flavonoids and polyphenols in terms of quercetin (Q) and galic acid (GA), respectively. The PMMA‐Propolis nanoparticles is characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), UV–Vis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR1H). UV–Vis results of the geopropolis extract revealed an average flavonoid content of 22.51 mg Q g–1 and an average polyphenol content of 10.15 mg GA g–1. TEM images showed that the produced PMMA nanoparticles are spherical, and their average diameter reduced from 72.62 to 44.60 nm by increasing the propolis concentration from 0% to 40%. Additionally, the kinetic data reveal a reduction of the polymerization reaction rate as well as the average molecular weight when raising the propolis extract concentration in the reaction media. These results suggest that propolis extract may be used as a biocompatible and biodegradable co‐stabilizer and chain transfer agent in miniemulsion polymerization reactions of vinyl monomers.
Production of “Green” Thermoplastic Polyurethanes from Decamethylene Sebacate‐co‐Isosorbide Copolymers
Authors: de Andrade Ângela G. L. L. , Pezzin Sérgio H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLong‐chain aliphatic copolyesters based on sebacic acid (SA) and isosorbide (IS), of renewable origin, are synthesized by a “green” and sustainable route, without the use of solvents, for the synthesis of polyurethanes (PUs). The polyesters are characterized by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetry (TG). ¹H NMR and FTIR analyses confirm the production of copolyesters with the incorporation of IS, while SEC indicates that the addition of IS to copolyesters decreases the molecular weights. The results suggest the formation of random copolymers in the presence of IS, which makes the polymer chains more rigid. The formation of PUs by the reaction of copolyesters with 1,8‐diisocyanatooctane is confirmed by FTIR. Thermal behavior is compatible with thermoplastic processing and use in different biomedical applications.
Evaluation of Crosslinked Sulfonated Polymers Derived from Different Resins for Removal of Ammonium Ions
Authors: Torquato Marcos Guidi , Corrêa Torquato Ezaine Cristina , Moraes Ana Carolina Lopes , Buás Campeão Fernanda de Andrade , José França Rodrigo , Marques Mônica Regina da Costa , Costa Luciana da Cunha 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAmmoniacal nitrogen is an environmental pollutant present in various effluents, such as landfill leachate. It is possible to use ion‐exchange resins in systems for tertiary treatment of effluents containing NH4+ ions and as support for NH3 recovery after treatment of these effluents by employing air stripping. This article presents an exploratory study of sorption of NH4+ ions by sulfonic resins prepared from styrene‐divinylbenzene (Sty‐DVB) copolymers with varied morphological structures: hypercrosslinked resin, a macroporous copolymer prepared by conventional aqueous suspension polymerization, and a polyHIPE copolymer. These three resins are sulfonated by employing concentrated sulfuric acid. The sulfonic resin derived from hypercrosslinked resin has the highest cation exchange capacity (5.06 meq g−1) and is selected for batch studies and column tests. The best result (removal rate of 87%) is achieved with 20 g of resin, time of 20 min, and concentration of 100 ppm. Kinetic behavior and sorption processes are best described by the pseudo‐second‐order, Weber–Morris intraparticle diffusion, and Langmuir models. The saturation point occurs when 900 mL of the NH4+ solution at 2500 ppm (15 mL min−1) is percolated through the column. The working capacity of this resin is 14.06 g cm−3. The resin can be reused during five cycles with removal efficiency between 71% and 82%.
Two stages of salvaging an extensively necrotic foot with chronic limb‐threatening ischemia by arterialization of great saphenous vein and free latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap transfer for wound coverage with the arterialized vein as the recipient vessel: A case report
Authors: Kagaya Yu , Ohura Norihiko , Miyamoto Akira , Ozaki Mine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPatients with chronic limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI) without other options for adequate arterial revascularization could undergo deep (or distal) venous arterialization for limb salvage. Additionally, patients with extensive foot wound with CLTI sometimes require free flap transfer for limb salvage. We herein report a case of successful reconstructive limb‐salvage surgery for an extensively necrotic foot with CLTI, using a two‐stage operation involving venous arterialization using foot‐perforating veins and subsequent free flap transfer (with preservation of the arterialized vein). The patient was a 59‐year‐old man with CLTI. The patient's right foot had dry necrotic tissue after Lisfranc joint amputation. Only one straight‐line to the posterior tibial artery was achieved after endovascular therapies (four times). At the first stage of surgery, an arterial–venous shunt bypass from the superficial femoral artery to the distal great saphenous vein (GSV) (near the foot‐perforating vein) was created. Arterial blood supply reached the necrotic area via the foot venous circulation system. At the second stage of surgery, free latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap (8 × 27 cm) transfer with preservation of the arterialized vein was performed. The pedicle artery was anastomosed to the bypass graft (end‐to‐side). The pedicle vein was anastomosed to the proximal stump of the GSV (end‐to‐end). The flap and residual foot survived completely, at a one‐year follow‐up postoperatively. An indocyanine green bypass‐through angiography revealed the angiosome through the venous arterialization bypass graft, which included the flap; entire forefoot; and partial regions of the midfoot and heel. This two‐stage operation might be considered a useful option for limb‐salvage and complete wound‐healing in patients with severe non‐healing wound with CLTI. The two methods could compensate and overcome the problems of either method: incomplete wound‐healing after venous arterialization, and the absence of a recipient artery for free flap transfer.
Imaging of pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: A COG Diagnostic Imaging Committee/SPR Oncology Committee White Paper
Authors: Chan Sherwin S. , Coblentz Ailish , Bhatia Aashim , Kaste Sue C. , Mhlanga Joyce , Parisi Marguerite T. , Thacker Paul , Voss Stephan D. , Weidman Elizabeth K. , Siegel Marilyn J 
Published: December 2022

AbstractImaging in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients is not targeted at evaluating the transplant per se. Rather, imaging is largely confined to evaluating peri‐procedural and post‐procedural complications. Alternatively, imaging may be performed to establish a baseline study for comparison should the patient develop certain post‐procedural complications. This article looks to describe the various imaging modalities available with recommendations for which imaging study should be performed in specific complications. We also provide select imaging protocols for different indications and modalities for the purpose of establishing a set minimal standard for imaging in these complex patients.