bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small genome size and variation in ploidy levels support the naturalization of vascular plants but constrain their invasive spread
Authors: Pyšek Petr , Lučanová Magdalena , Dawson Wayne , Essl Franz , Kreft Holger , Leitch Ilia J. , Lenzner Bernd , Meyerson Laura A. , Pergl Jan , van Kleunen Mark , Weigelt Patrick , Winter Marten , Guo Wen‐Yong 
Published: July 2023

SummaryKaryological characteristics are among the traits underpinning the invasion success of vascular plants.Using 11 049 species, we tested the effects of genome size and ploidy levels on plant naturalization (species forming self‐sustaining populations where they are not native) and invasion (naturalized species spreading rapidly and having environmental impact).The probability that a species naturalized anywhere in the world decreased with increasing monoploid genome size (DNA content of a single chromosome set). Naturalized or invasive species with intermediate monoploid genomes were reported from many regions, but those with either small or large genomes occurred in fewer regions. By contrast, large holoploid genome sizes (DNA content of the unreplicated gametic nucleus) constrained naturalization but favoured invasion.We suggest that a small genome is an advantage during naturalization, being linked to traits favouring adaptation to local conditions, but for invasive spread, traits associated with a large holoploid genome, where the impact of polyploidy may act, facilitate long‐distance dispersal and competition with other species.
Light‐driven redox biocatalysis on gram‐scale in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 via an in vivo cascade
Authors: Tüllinghoff Adrian , Djaya‐Mbissam Harcel , Toepel Jörg , Bühler Bruno 
Published: July 2023

SummaryThe photosynthetic light reaction in cyanobacteria constitutes a highly attractive tool for productive biocatalysis, as it can provide redox reactions with high‐energy reduction equivalents using sunlight and water as sources of energy and electrons, respectively. Here, we describe the first artificial light‐driven redox cascade in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 to convert cyclohexanone to the polymer building block 6‐hydroxyhexanoic acid (6‐HA). Co‐expression of a Baeyer‐Villiger monooxygenase (BVMO) and a lactonase, both from Acidovorax sp. CHX100, enabled this two‐step conversion with an activity of up to 63.1 ± 1.0 U/gCDW without accumulating inhibitory ε‐caprolactone. Thereby, one of the key limitations of biocatalytic reactions, that is, reactant inhibition or toxicity, was overcome. In 2 L stirred‐tank‐photobioreactors, the process could be stabilized for 48 h, forming 23.50 ± 0.84 mm (3.11 ± 0.12 g/L) 6‐HA. The high specificity enabling a product yield (YP/S) of 0.96 ± 0.01 mol/mol and the remarkable biocatalyst‐related yield of 3.71 ± 0.21 g6‐HA/gCDW illustrate the potential of producing this non‐toxic product in a synthetic cascade. The fine‐tuning of the energy burden on the catalyst was found to be crucial, which indicates a limitation by the metabolic capacity of the cells possibly being compromised by biocatalysis‐related reductant withdrawal. Intriguingly, energy balancing revealed that the biotransformation could tap surplus electrons derived from the photosynthetic light reaction and thereby relieve photosynthetic sink limitation. This study shows the feasibility of light‐driven biocatalytic cascade operation in cyanobacteria and highlights respective metabolic limitations and engineering targets to unleash the full potential of photosynthesis.
Is winter coming? Impact of the changing climate on plant responses to cold temperature
Authors: Larran Alvaro Santiago , Pajoro Alice , Qüesta Julia I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractClimate change is causing alterations in annual temperature regimes worldwide. Important aspects of this include the reduction of winter chilling temperatures as well as the occurrence of unpredicted frosts, both significantly affecting plant growth and yields. Recent studies advanced the knowledge of the mechanisms underlying cold responses and tolerance in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. However, how these cold‐responsive pathways will readjust to ongoing seasonal temperature variation caused by global warming remains an open question. In this review, we highlight the plant developmental programmes that depend on cold temperature. We focus on the molecular mechanisms that plants have evolved to adjust their development and stress responses upon exposure to cold. Covering both genetic and epigenetic aspects, we present the latest insights into how alternative splicing, noncoding RNAs and the formation of biomolecular condensates play key roles in the regulation of cold responses. We conclude by commenting on attractive targets to accelerate the breeding of increased cold tolerance, bringing up biotechnological tools that might assist in overcoming current limitations. Our aim is to guide the reflection on the current agricultural challenges imposed by a changing climate and to provide useful information for improving plant resilience to unpredictable cold regimes.
Ageing Happily in Ghana: How Does Social Inclusion Contribute?
Authors: Gyasi Razak M. , Hajek André , Asante Felix , Accam Burnett Tetteh , Osei‐Tutu Solomon , Rahmati Masoud , Hervie Vyda Mamley , Abass Kabila , Phillips David R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPromoting happiness has become increasingly important in old age for a wide range of reasons. In this study, we aim to examine the association between social inclusion (SI) and happiness among older adults in Ghana and identify the mediating factors.MethodsThe study included 1201 community‐dwelling adults aged ≥50 (mean age = 66.4 ± SD 11.9 years; 63.3% female) from the 2016–2018 Ageing, Health, Psychological Well‐being, and Health‐seeking Behaviour Study. We assessed happiness with a self‐rated and cross‐culturally validated item on a five‐point scale. SI was operationalised using the modified Berkman–Syme Social Network Index. The hypothesised associations were evaluated by hierarchical regressions and bootstrapping techniques from Hayes' PROCESS macro programme.ResultsThe prevalence of happiness was 24.3% (all of the time), 43.6% (most of the time), 28.3% (little of the time), and 3.7% (none of the time). After controlling for potential confounders, higher SI was associated with increased levels of happiness (odds ratio (OR) = 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.16–2.51). Aside from family/friends contacts, all other SI domains positively influenced happiness (OR = 1.45–1.81). The link between SI and happiness was mediated by depressive symptoms (65.2%), generalised anxiety (30.1%), and sleep problems (9.5%).ConclusionsOur data suggest that psychological factors may largely explain the positive SI‐happiness link. Efforts should target these factors to promote happiness in old age. Longitudinal analysis may confirm our findings.
Public spending, credit market conditions and economic activity in South Africa
Authors: Nuru Naser Yenus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of public spending shocks across South Africa's credit market conditions from 1965Q2 to 2022Q1 employing a Threshold Vector Autoregression model. Credit conditions are approximated by credit growth. The empirical findings exhibit that the financial environment matters. More specifically, the output multipliers of 1 or 2 standard deviations of positive or negative shocks to public spending are less than unity but bigger when the credit market is in a tight condition. When we look at the public spending components, the output multipliers are more than unity for the public investment shocks in the tight credit condition but not for public consumption shocks. In terms of the output components, both private consumption and private investment multipliers are found to be small, though larger in the tight credit condition. Finally, while public spending shock causes an increase in private credit volume in tight credit conditions, it leads to a decline in private credit volume in easy credit conditions. These results are examined in terms of their policy recommendations.
Turkish adaptation of the mindful parenting inventories for parents and children
Authors: Acet Pinar , Oliver Bonamy R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMindful parenting is a burgeoning global research interest. This study adapted the existing 18‐item parallel mindful parenting inventories for parents and children (MPIP/MPIC) into Turkish, examining their psychometric properties and validation in 154 mothers living in Türkiye (Mage = 42.74 years, SDage = 5.06 years) and their typically developing children (n = 154, Mage = 13.19 years, SDage = 1.64 years). Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were performed to validate the existing factor structure of the MPIP/MPIC for the Turkish version. Multiple‐group CFA was used to test the measurement invariance between mothers and children. Pearson correlations and regression analyses were used to assess the validity of the MPIP/MPIC against established measures of mindfulness and positive parenting (testing convergent validity) and child behaviours (testing concurrent and predictive validity). CFA supported that the Turkish MPIP/MPIC structure was similar to that in the UK, consisting of four dimensions: Self‐Regulation in Parenting, Acceptance and Compassion towards Child, Being in the Moment with Child, and Awareness of Child, each with satisfactory internal consistency. Partial measurement invariance was found between parents and children, with mothers reporting somewhat higher scores for the Being in the Moment with Child and Awareness of Child than children. Overall, the convergent and concurrent validity of the Turkish MPIP/MPIC was supported. In addition, MPIP predicted mother‐reported child behaviours, and MPIC predicted child‐reported child behaviours over and above mothers’ dispositional mindfulness and positive parenting (predictive validity). The Turkish parallel MPIP/MPIC show promise for use with mothers in Türkiye and children to assess mindful parenting.
Classification of the acquisition conditions driving the accuracy of strain measurements during in situ DIC with scanning electron microscope
Authors: Goulmy Jean‐Patrick , Guittonneau Fabrice , Jégou Sébastien , Barrallier Laurent 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPerforming in situ scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests is an interesting way to visualise strain heterogeneities under mechanical loading. An essential step before performing the tests is to define the acquisition conditions. The aim of this paper is to propose a classification of the acquisition conditions that are most important for the accuracy of strain measurements using digital image correlation (DIC) in in situ SEM tests. More than 200 image pairs were acquired using a field emission gun SEM. The influence of different acquisition conditions was investigated: acceleration voltage, probe current, working distance, magnification, number of integrated images, image resolution, integration and number of integrated images, scan speed, contrast, brightness and exposure time of the sample in a given area. The methodology implemented in this work is an interesting tool for detecting scan line shift, drift distortion, spatial distortion and rastering artefacts. It allows the optimization of SEM acquisition conditions for strain measurements. Finally, optimal acquisition conditions for in situ testing are proposed and used to perform a tensile test on pure copper. The main factors highlighted include the size of the subset used in the DIC, the beam stabilisation time before image acquisition and the size of the images, which play a significant role in the results. It is recommended to apply the methodology to each device to optimise the acquisition conditions.
Impacts of Flow Swirl on Stability and Flow/Flame Interactions of Premixed Oxy-Methane Swirl Flames
Authors: Nemitallah Medhat A. , Hossain Shorab , Abdelhafez Ahmed , Habib Mohamed A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Effects of flow swirl on stability and flow/flame interactions of premixed oxy-methane flames (CH4/O2/CO2) are investigated experimentally and numerically in a premixed model gas turbine combustor. Two swirlers of 55-deg and 45-deg swirl angles were considered to perform this study over a range of combustor operating equivalence ratio (Φ = 0.1–1.0) and oxygen fraction (OF = 21%–70%) at a constant inlet flow velocity of 5.2 m/s. Combustor stability maps (representing flashback and blowout bounds) were identified experimentally in the Φ-OF space for the two swirlers, and the results were plotted over the calculated contours of adiabatic flame temperature (AFT). Specific flames were photographed using a camera to investigate the impact of flow swirl on flame macrostructure. Also, the shapes of the selected flames were calculated numerically using the contours of OH radicals, and the results showed good agreement with the photographed flame shapes. Contours of temperature and flow streamlines were plotted based on numerical calculations to figure out the influence of flow swirl on flame/flow interactions. The results showed that CH4/O2/CO2 swirl flames blow out at fixed AFT of ∼1600 K with no effect of swirl on flame stability near the blowout. Flow/flame interactions significantly affect flame stability near the flashback limit. Flame speed (FS) and AFT correlate with one another as log(FS) ∝ 1/AFT. The 45-deg swirler resulted in a wider stable combustion zone than that of the 55-deg swirler.
Flow Investigation and Optimization Design of a Radial Outflow Liquid Turbine Expander for Liquid CO2 Energy Storage System
Authors: Sun Shan , Sun Jinju , Song Peng , Wang Shengyuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The radial outflow liquid turbine expander (LTEROF) draws increasing attention for enhancing the efficiency of the liquid CO2 energy storage (LCES) system. However, the detrimental cavitation deteriorates the flow behavior, which demands an in-depth study of the flow physics and then effective attenuation. This study aims to effectively mitigate thermosensitive fluid cavitation and reduce energy dissipation. First, a preliminary expander design methodology taking into account the large specific volume variation of working fluid is implemented. Next, the entropy production analysis method (EPAM) is proposed to characterize energy dissipation and cavitation. Furthermore, the improved cavitation and turbulence models are validated through simulating Hord's liquid hydrogen hydrofoil. To suppress the cavitation and energy dissipation, the optimization design method based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm together with the Kriging-based adaptive surrogate model is developed. Among them, the nonuniform relational B-splines and free form deformation (NURBS-FFD) method is applied to flexibly deform the profiles of nozzle and rotor, and a novel objective function incorporating vapor volume fraction and local entropy production rate (LEPR) is constructed to capture the cavitation and energy dissipation. During optimization, the optimizer is driven by the objective function to search globally toward the cavitation-resistance and low-dissipation geometry. With the optimization, the LEPR region shrinks and the cavitation is obviously weakened, the performance significantly improves both under design condition and under off-design conditions.
Effects of Dancing Associated With Resistance Training on Functional Parameters and Quality of Life of Aging Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Domingues Lucas Betti , Payano Carlos Eduado , da Silva Peres Maykon , Sant’Anna Vitor Hugo , Cadore Eduardo Lusa , da Costa Rodrigues-Krause Josianne , Ferrari Rodrigo 
Published: July 2023

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of a dance intervention associated with resistance training or health education program on functional paramaters and quality of life of aging women. Thirty-six women were allocated to dance plus resistance training group (D + RT) or dance plus health education group (D + HE). Both interventions lasted 8 weeks and were performed twice a week. Dance sessions lasted 60 min. Resistance training was composed by two to three sets of 10–15 repetitions in five exercises. Improvements were found in 30-s chair stand (D + RT: 6 ± 1 repetitions; D + HE: 7 ± 1 repetitions), 30-s arm curl (D + RT: 7 ± 1 repetitions; D + HE: 7 ± 1 repetitions), 6-min walk (D + RT: 43 ± 12 m; D + HE: 55 ± 12 m), timed up and go (D + RT: −1.1 ± 0.3 s; D + HE: −1.4 ± 0.2 s), and psychological domain of quality of life (D + RT: 6 ± 2%; D + HE: 5 ± 3%), with no difference between groups. Both groups improve functional parameters and quality of life of aging women.
Dispersion and Energy Characteristics of Bending Waves in a Plate Lying on a Two-Parameter Elastic Foundation
Authors: Erofeev V. I. , Lisenkova E. E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe propagation of bending waves in a plate resting on a two-parameter elastic foundation is considered. In contrast to the classical Kirchhoff model, the mathematical model used here takes into account not only the kinetic and potential energies of bending vibrations, but also the kinetic energy due to the inertia of rotation of the plate elements during bending. The dispersion equation, phase velocity, energy transfer velocity, and energy characteristics of waves propagating in the plate are analyzed depending on the ratio of the coefficients determining the shear and compression stiffness of the elastic foundation. Conditions are found under which waves with phase and group velocities having opposite directions (frequently called “backward” waves), can exist in the plate. It is demonstrated that such waves significantly change the behavior of the energy flux. In addition, relations are found that relate the kinematic and average energy characteristics of the waves.
Dual Role of CXCL8 in Maintaining the Mesenchymal State of Glioblastoma Stem Cells and M2-Like Tumor-Associated Macrophages
Authors: Yuan Wei , Zhang Qian , Gu Danling , Lu Chenfei , Dixit Deobrat , Gimple Ryan C. , Gao Yisu , Gao Jiancheng , Li Daqi , Shan Danyang , Hu Lang , Li Lu , Li Yangqing , Ci Shusheng , You Hao , Yan Linping , Chen Kexin , Zhao Ningwei , Xu Chuanhai , Lan Jianyun , Liu Dong , Zhang Junxia , Shi Zhumei , Wu Qiulian , Yang Kailin , Zhao Linjie , Qiu Zhixin , Lv Deguan , Gao Wei , Yang Hui , Lin Fan , Wang Qianghu , Man Jianghong , Li Chaojun , Tao Weiwei , Agnihotri Sameer , Qian Xu , Mack Stephen C. , Zhang Nu , You Yongping , Rich Jeremy N. , Sun Guan , Wang Xiuxing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
The dynamic interplay between glioblastoma stem cells (GSC) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) sculpts the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and promotes malignant progression of glioblastoma (GBM). However, the mechanisms underlying this interaction are still incompletely understood. Here, we investigate the role of CXCL8 in the maintenance of the mesenchymal state of GSC populations and reprogramming the TIME to an immunosuppressive state.

Experimental Design:
We performed an integrative multi-omics analyses of RNA sequencing, GBM mRNA expression datasets, immune signatures, and epigenetic profiling to define the specific genes expressed in the mesenchymal GSC subsets. We then used patient-derived GSCs and a xenograft murine model to investigate the mechanisms of tumor-intrinsic and extrinsic factor to maintain the mesenchymal state of GSCs and induce TAM polarization.

Results:
We identified that CXCL8 was preferentially expressed and secreted by mesenchymal GSCs and activated PI3K/AKT and NF-κB signaling to maintain GSC proliferation, survival, and self-renewal through a cell-intrinsic mechanism. CXCL8 induced signaling through a CXCR2–JAK2/STAT3 axis in TAMs, which supported an M2-like TAM phenotype through a paracrine, cell-extrinsic pathway. Genetic- and small molecule–based inhibition of these dual complementary signaling cascades in GSCs and TAMs suppressed GBM tumor growth and prolonged survival of orthotopic xenograft-bearing mice.

Conclusions:
CXCL8 plays critical roles in maintaining the mesenchymal state of GSCs and M2-like TAM polarization in GBM, highlighting an interplay between cell-autonomous and cell-extrinsic mechanisms. Targeting CXCL8 and its downstream effectors may effectively improve GBM treatment.
Transcriptomic Signatures of MSI-High Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Predict Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Authors: Gallois Claire , Landi Matteo , Taieb Julien , Sroussi Marine , Saberzadeh-Ardestani Bahar , Cazelles Antoine , Lonardi Sara , Bergamo Francesca , Intini Rossana , Maddalena Giulia , Pietrantonio Filippo , Corti Francesca , Ambrosini Margherita , Martinetti Antonia , Germani Marco Maria , Boccaccio Chiara , Vetere Guglielmo , Mouillet-Richard Sophie , de Reynies Aurélien , Sinicrope Frank A. , Cremolini Chiara , Laurent-Puig Pierre 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Microsatellite instability (MSI) is currently the only predictive biomarker of efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRC). However, 10% to 40% of patients with MSI mCRC will experience a primary resistance to ICI.

Experimental Design:
In two cohorts of patients with MSI mCRC treated with ICI (exploratory, N = 103; validation, N = 35), 3′ RNA sequencing was performed from primary tumors. Previously described single-cell transcriptomic signatures of tumor microenvironment (TME) were analyzed.

Results:
In the exploratory cohort, the unsupervised clustering allowed the identification of three clusters of tumors with distinct transcriptional profiles: cluster A (“stromalHIGH-proliferationLOW”), cluster B (“stromalHIGH-proliferationMED”), and cluster C (“stromalLOW-proliferationHIGH”), with an enrichment of patients progressing at first disease assessment under ICI in cluster A (30% vs. 12% in cluster B and 8.1% in cluster C; P = 0.074). Progression-free survival (PFS) was also significantly shorter in patients belonging to cluster A, compared with clusters B or C (P &lt; 0.001) with 2-year PFS rates of 33.5%, 80.5%, and 78.3%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, PFS was still significantly longer in patients belonging to cluster B [HR, 0.19; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.08–0.45; P &lt; 0.001] and cluster C (HR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.10–0.59; P = 0.02), compared with patients belonging to cluster A. The association of this clustering with PFS under ICI was confirmed in the validation cohort. PFS related to non–ICI-based regimens was not significantly different according to cluster.

Conclusions:
This unsupervised transcriptomic classification identified three groups of MSI mCRCs with different compositions of TME cells and proliferative capacities of TME/tumor cells. The “stromalHIGH-proliferationLOW” cluster is associated with a poorer prognosis with ICI treatment.