bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do surgeons postpone offer of discretionary surgery when patients are experiencing difficult life events?
Authors: Duru Nneoma O. , Crijns Tom J. , Ring David , Ramtin Sina ,   and the Science of Variation Group
Published: June 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThere is substantial surgeon‐to‐surgeon variation in offering discretionary surgery. Part of this variation may relate to awareness of, and sensitivity to, mental and social health priorities. This survey‐based experiment randomized features of patient scenarios to measure the relative association of a patient's difficult life event (DLE) in the last year on surgeon decision to (1) delay consideration of discretionary surgery and (2) suggest prioritizing mental and social health with appropriate referral.MethodsWe invited hand and upper extremity surgeon members of the Science of Variation Group to review six scenarios of patients considering discretionary surgery for de Quervain tendinopathy, lateral epicondylitis, trapeziometacarpal arthritis, wrist osteoarthritis, non‐displaced scaphoid wrist fracture and displaced partial articular radial head fracture and 106 participated. The following aspects of the scenarios were randomized: gender, age, symptoms and limitations, socioeconomic status, feelings of worry and despair regarding symptoms, and experience of a DLE in the last 12 months. Multi‐level logistic regression was used to seek patient and surgeon factors associated with offer of operative treatment now (vs. postponing) and formal referral for counselling.ResultsAccounting for potential confounders, surgeons were less likely to offer discretionary surgery to patients who experienced a DLE in the last year, women and non‐trauma diagnosis. Surgeon referral for mental and social health support was associated with disproportionate symptom intensity and magnitude of incapability, notable symptoms of worry or despair and a DLE in the last year.ConclusionThe observation that a recent DLE is associated with surgeon delay in offer of discretionary surgery reflects that surgeons may prioritize mental and social health in this context.
Low‐cost inorganic phase change material improves the storage conditions of on‐farm storage chamber
Authors: Kale Sakharam , Indore Navnath , Nath Prerna , Kannaujia Pankaj , Dukare Ajinath 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEfficacy of low‐cost inorganic phase change material (PCM) in improving storage conditions of on‐farm storage chamber was investigated. Before fabrication, thermal analysis of chamber was conducted using ANSYS (2021 R2). Results indicated that PCM proved its potentiality to maintain inside temperature. After thermal analysis, prototype of chamber was fabricated with outer and inner dimensions as 450 mm× 360 mm × 360 mm and 330 mm × 250 mm × 250 mm, respectively. PCM requirement, determined through one‐dimensional heat transfer analysis, was found as 2.41 kg. Subsequently, low‐cost, inorganic PCM was prepared from inorganic salt of Na2SO4∙NaCl∙10H2O in proportion of 37:16:47 and packed in pouches. On‐farm experiments were conducted to evaluate efficacy of experimental PCM under three cases, no‐PCM, with‐PCM no‐load, and with‐PCM full‐load. In third case, 14 kg vegetables were kept inside chamber as well as same quantity was kept outside the chamber. Results evidenced that PCM improved storage conditions, in terms of lower temperature (21.5–30.5°C) and increased RH (71.9%–88.6%), of chamber. Vegetables kept outside showed drastic weight loss (up to 80%), while that within chamber had meager losses (up to 10%). Thus, study concluded that low‐cost inorganic PCM is effective in improving storage conditions of on‐farm storage chamber and reduce weight loss of stored produce.Practical applicationsOn‐farm storage/transit‐storage/precooling of perishable commodities, such as fruits and vegetables is very important in order to reduce the postharvest losses of these commodities. Storage conditions comprising of low temperature and high humidity are capable of reducing the losses to large extent. However, attaining these conditions in on‐farm storage structures is cost intensive and cannot be afforded by large number of fruit‐vegetable growers of the developing countries. In this context, findings of present study would be useful in designing and developing the low‐cost PCM based on‐farm cold storage rooms/structures that would serve the purpose of reducing the postharvest losses.
Safety and efficacy of vedolizumab in pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis: multicenter study in Japan
Authors: Yokoyama Koji , Yamamoto Yoko , Nambu Ryusuke , Hagiwara Shin‐Ichiro , Abukawa Daiki , Mizuochi Tatsuki , Kudo Takahiro , Sado Tomomitsu , Iwata Naomi , Ishige Takashi , Iwama Itaru , Kumagai Hideki , Arai Katsuhiro , Shimizu Toshiaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundVedolizumab (VDZ) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to α4β7 integrin expressed in T‐lymphocytes and is gut selective. Few studies have evaluated the safety and efficacy of VDZ in pediatric ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, especially from Asia.MethodsA longitudinal multicenter retrospective study was conducted at 10 Japanese tertiary medical institutions. Patients aged ≤18 years old who received VDZ for UC between January 2019 and July 2021 were enrolled. Information on the clinical characteristics, prior/concomitant treatment, and safety during the observation period was collected.ResultsThe data obtained from 48 patients (males, n = 30; females, n = 18) were analyzed. The median age at VDZ induction was 14 (range 4–18) years old. VDZ was indicated in 73% of patients as switching from previous biologics due to primary failure, loss of response, and adverse events (AEs) and was the first biologic in 27%. Remission was achieved or maintained at weeks 14, 30, and 54 in 79.2%, 75.0%, and 65.8% of patients, respectively. There were no significant differences between the number of previous biologics exposures and VDZ effectiveness. The hematocrit, serum albumin concentrations, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) at baseline differed significantly by VDZ effectiveness. Nine AEs, including infusion reaction, were noted in seven (14.3%) patients. There were no severe AEs related to VDZ administration.ConclusionsVDZ was safe and effective in children with UC. The hematocrit, albumin, and ESR at VDZ initiation might be predictors for VDZ effectiveness. VDZ may be an important option for pediatric patients and can be used as an alternative to immunomodulators.
Influence of preoperative frailty on quality of life after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Fehlmann Christophe A. , Bezzina Kathryn , Mazzola Rosetta , Visintini Sarah M. , Guo Ming Hao , Rubens Fraser D. , Wells George A. , McGuinty Caroline , Huang Allen , Khoury Lara , Boczar Kevin Emery 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundFrailty has emerged as an important prognostic marker of increased mortality after cardiac surgery, but its association with quality of life (QoL) and patient‐centered outcomes is not fully understood. We sought to evaluate the association between frailty and such outcomes in older patients undergoing cardiac surgery.MethodsThis systematic review included studies evaluating the effect of preoperative frailty on QoL outcomes after cardiac surgery amongst patients 65 years and older. The primary outcome was patient's perceived change in QoL following cardiac surgery. Secondary outcomes included residing in a long‐term care facility for 1 year, readmission in the year following the intervention, and discharge destination. Screening, inclusion, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Meta‐analyses based on the random‐effects model were conducted. The evidential quality of findings was assessed with the GRADE profiler.ResultsAfter the identification of 3105 studies, 10 observational studies were included (1580 patients) in the analysis. Two studies reported on the change in QoL following cardiac surgery, which was higher for patients with frailty than for patients without. Preoperative frailty was associated with both hospital readmission (pooled odds ratio [OR] 1.48 [0.80–2.74], low GRADE level) as well as non‐home discharge (pooled OR 3.02 [1.57–5.82], moderate GRADE level).ConclusionWhile evidence in this field is limited by heterogeneity of frailty assessment and non‐randomized data, we demonstrated that baseline frailty may possibly be associated with improved QoL, but with increased readmission as well as discharge to a non‐home destination following cardiac surgery. These patient‐centered outcomes are important factors when considering interventional options for older patients.Study RegistrationOSF registries (https://osf.io/vm2p8).
Overtreatment and associated risk factors among multimorbid older patients with diabetes
Authors: Baretella Oliver , Alwan Heba , Feller Martin , Aubert Carole E. , Del Giovane Cinzia , Papazoglou Dimitrios , Christiaens Antoine , Meinders Arend‐Jan , Byrne Stephen , Kearney Patricia M. , O'Mahony Denis , Knol Wilma , Boland Benoît , Gencer Baris , Aujesky Drahomir , Rodondi Nicolas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn multimorbid older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the intensity of glucose‐lowering medication (GLM) should be focused on attaining a suitable level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) while avoiding side effects. We aimed at identifying patients with overtreatment of T2DM as well as associated risk factors.MethodsIn a secondary analysis of a multicenter study of multimorbid older patients, we evaluated HbA1clevels among patients with T2DM. Patients were aged ≥70 years, with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diagnoses) and polypharmacy (≥5 chronic medications), enrolled in four university medical centers across Europe (Belgium, Ireland, Netherlands, and Switzerland). We defined overtreatment as HbA1c < 7.5% with ≥1 GLM other than metformin, as suggested byChoosing Wiselyand used prevalence ratios (PRs) to evaluate risk factors of overtreatment in age‐ and sex‐adjusted analyses.ResultsAmong the 564 patients with T2DM (median age 78 years, 39% women), mean ± standard deviation HbA1cwas 7.2 ± 1.2%. Metformin (prevalence 51%) was the most frequently prescribed GLM and 199 (35%) patients were overtreated. The presence of severe renal impairment (PR 1.36, 1.21–1.53) and outpatient physician (other than general practitioner [GP], i.e. specialist) or emergency department visits (PR 1.22, 1.03–1.46 for 1–2 visits, and PR 1.35, 1.19–1.54 for ≥3 visits versus no visits) were associated with overtreatment. These factors remained associated with overtreatment in multivariable analyses.ConclusionsIn this multicountry study of multimorbid older patients with T2DM, more than one third were overtreated, highlighting the high prevalence of this problem. Careful balancing of benefits and risks in the choice of GLM may improve patient care, especially in the context of comorbidities such as severe renal impairment, and frequent non‐GP healthcare contacts.
Factors associated with diet quality among Brazilian individuals with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Brito Luciana , Sahade Viviane , Weber Bernardete , Bersch‐Ferreira Ângela Cristine , Marcadenti Aline , Torreglosa Camila , Kovacs Cristiane , Moreira Annie Seixas Bello , Torres Rosileide de Souza , Marinho Helyde , Matos Cristina , Abib Renata , Souza Gabriela Correa , Shirmann Gabriela da Silva , Nagano Francisca Eugenia Zaina , Ramos Maria Estela Monserrat , Poloni Soraia , El Kik Raquel Milani , Feres Nauale Hassan , Dutra Eliane Said , Ferreira Carvalho Ana Paula Perillo , David Marta Marques , Galvão Isa , Sousa Antonio Carlos Sobral , Dantas Clenise de Farias , Gonçalves Amanda , Pinheiro Josilene Maria Ferreira , Vasconcelos Sandra Mary Lima , Penafort Andreza , de Oliveira Carlos Daniele Maria , Luna Adriana , Neto José Albuquerque de Figueiredo , Dias Luciana , Moriguchi Emilio Hideyuki , Bruscato Neide , Izar Maria Cristina , Lopes Sonia , Backes Luciano Marcelo , Bressan Josefina , Raimondi Simone , Kumbier Magali , Daltro Carla 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn individual's dietary pattern contributes in different ways to the prevention and control of recurrent cardiovascular events. However, the quality of the diet is influenced by several factors. The present study aimed to evaluate the quality of the diet of individuals with cardiovascular diseases and determine whether there is an association between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional study carried out with individuals with atherosclerosis (coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease or peripheral arterial disease) recruited from 35 reference centres for the treatment of cardiovascular disease in Brazil. Diet quality was assessed according to the Modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index (mAHEI) and stratified into tertiles. For comparing two groups, the Mann–Whitney or Pearson's chi‐squared tests were used. However, for comparing three or more groups, analysis of variance or Kruskal–Wallis was used. For the confounding analysis, a multinomial regression model was used. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsIn total, 2360 individuals were evaluated: 58.5% male and 64.2% elderly. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) of the mAHEI was 24.0 (20.0–30.0), ranging from 0.4 to 56.0 points. When comparing the odds ratios (ORs) for the low (first tertile) and medium (second tertile) diet quality groups with the high‐quality group (third tertile), it was observed that there was an association between diet quality with a family income of 1.885 (95% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.302–2.729) and 1.566 (95% CI = 1.097–2.235), as well as physical activity of 1.391 (95% CI = 1.107–1.749) and 1.346 (95% CI = 1.086–1.667), respectively. In addition, associations were observed between diet quality and region of residence.ConclusionsA low‐quality diet was associated with family income, sedentarism and geographical area. These data are extremely relevant to assist in coping with cardiovascular disease because they enable an assessment of the distribution of these factors in different regions of the country.
Sustainable diets among youth: Validity and reliability of a questionnaire assessing knowledge, attitudes, practices, and willingness to change
Authors: Hashim Mona , Ismail Leila Cheikh , Abbas Nada , Ali Juman , Saeed Fatema , Mohamed Ayah , Mashal Amal , Naja Farah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn light of the global commitment to promoting sustainable dietary choices and the pivotal role of young adults in the adoption of these choices, it is paramount to understand their perspectives of healthy and sustainable diets. The present study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of a questionnaire examining the knowledge, attitudes, practices, and willingness to change regarding sustainable diets among young adults in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).MethodsMale and female students attending University of Sharjah, UAE (n = 436), completed an online questionnaire consisting of four sections: knowledge, attitudes, practices, and willingness to change with regard to sustainable diets. Of the participants, 106 completed the questionnaire a second time, 1 month later. Factor analysis (FA) (both exploratory and confirmatory), Cronbach‐α, interitem correlations, and intra class correlation (ICC) coefficients were used in the data analysis.ResultsExploratory FA revealed four factors corresponding to the components of the questionnaire. Results of the confirmatory FA indicated a good fit: the χ2 df ratio was < 5 (2.3), root mean squared error of approximation was < 0.08 (0.048) and the comparative fit index was above 0.9 (0.901). Cronbach α and interitem correlations were: knowledge: 0.57 and 0.21; attitude: 0.70 and 0.28; practices: 0.76 and 0.39; willingness to change: 0.69 and 0.27. The ICC coefficients, assessing the reliability of the questionnaire, ranged between 0.48 and 0.92 for the various items.ConclusionsThe developed questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool that could be used to identify the gaps and opportunities for the development of evidence‐based interventions aiming to enhance the uptake of sustainable diets among young adults.
BACE1 SUMOylation deregulates phosphorylation and ubiquitination in Alzheimer's disease pathology
Authors: Zhao Yanna , Zhou Hongyan , Zhao Yan , Liang Zhen , Gong Xiaokang , Yu Jing , Huang Tiantian , Yang Chaoqin , Wu Mengjuan , Xiao Yifan , Yang Youhua , Liu Wei , Wang Xiaochuan , Shu Xiji , Bao Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACE1 is essential for the generation of amyloid‐β (Aβ) that likely initiates the toxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). BACE1 activity is mainly regulated by post‐translational modifications, but the relationship between these modifications is not fully characterized. Here, we studied the effects of BACE1 SUMOylation on its phosphorylation and ubiquitination. We demonstrate that SUMOylation of BACE1 inhibits its phosphorylation at S498 and its ubiquitination in vitro. Conversely, BACE1 phosphorylation at S498 suppresses its SUMOylation, which results in promoting BACE1 degradation in vitro. Furthermore, an increase in BACE1 SUMOylation is associated with the progression of AD pathology, while its phosphorylation and ubiquitination are decreased in an AD mouse model. Our findings suggest that BACE1 SUMOylation reciprocally influences its phosphorylation and competes against its ubiquitination, which might provide a new insight into the regulations of BACE1 activity and Aβ accumulation.image
Managing leukemia patients via liquid biopsy and super rolling circle amplification (superRCA)
Authors: Eriksson Anna , Chen Lei , Amini Rose‐Marie , Cavelier Lucia , Landegren Ulf 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe rapidly increasing availability of sequence information for tumor patients, combined with expanding treatment options, motivates efforts to monitor the course of disease for individual patients by analyzing patient‐specific mutations in liquid biopsies, as highly specific markers of the malignancy. We discuss the suitability of established molecular methods to monitor patients with malignancies, in particular leukemias, comparing these to the recently developed super rolling circle amplification technique for highly sensitive, parallel measurements of mutant sequences using readily available instruments. The very high sensitivity for tumor‐specific mutations—in combination with low cost and ready access at clinics—promises to allow routine monitoring of increasing numbers of tumor patients, in order to initiate improved treatments at the earliest timepoint possible, when necessary. A method with high‐enough accuracy to enable monitoring in peripheral blood rather than bone marrow samples would present a great practical advantage, not least from the patient perspective. We describe scenarios in which sufficiently sensitive, inexpensive methods for mutational analysis can provide valuable guidance for the clinician in choosing among therapeutic options and adjusting ongoing treatment and help to promptly identify recurrences of disease in treated patients.
Future time perspective: Factor structure, age pattern, and implications for psychological well‐being and life satisfaction
Authors: Zhang Jia Wei , Howell Ryan T. , Allemand Mathias , Snell Andrew N. , Januchowski Joseph A. , John Oliver P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveEmerging research challenges the one‐factor model of the future time perspective (FTP) scale by demonstrating two‐ and three‐factor models of the FTP scale.MethodThree samples (i.e., Switzerland and the United States; N = 2022) explored the factor structure, age pattern differences, tested the link between FTP factors, psychological well‐being, and life satisfaction, as well as age as a moderator.ResultsWe distinguished FTP into opportunities, extension, and constraint factors that corroborated previous research. We did not find a replicable curvilinear age pattern difference on any of the FTP factors. The association between extension and life satisfaction was stronger among younger than older adults. Alternatively, the association between constraint and life satisfaction was stronger among younger than older adults in Samples A and C, and the pattern was reversed in Sample B. Lastly, the association between constraint and environmental mastery was stronger among older adults than younger adults in Sample B and the pattern was reversed in Sample C.ConclusionThis variation in the perception of the future is different for people at different periods in life and has an important consequence for living life well, especially a focus on extension and lack of constraint.
Different carbon sources and probiotics in biofloc based common carp (Cyprinus carpio) culture: Effects on water quality, growth performance, fish welfare and liver histopathology
Authors: Ajamhasani Elham , Akrami Reza , Najdegerami Ebrahim H. , Chitsaz Hosein , Shamloofar Mahshid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe current study investigated the combined effects of carbon sources and commercial probiotics on common carp welfare in a biofloc‐based system. Three hundred fingerlings (initial weight 43.2 ± 3.1 g) were distributed in 12 tanks including control, PR + BFT (rice bran + probiotics), PM + BFT (molasses + probiotics), and PC + BFT (corn starch + probiotics). After 12 weeks, the results showed that NNH3, NNO2, pH, and dissolved oxygen decreased in the PC + BFT and PR + BFT treatments when compared with the others. Unlike the control treatment, the fish reared in the biofloc treatments had significantly higher growth performances (p < 0.05). The highest protein and lipid content in microbial flocs, protease, and lipase activity followed by protein and lipid muscle content was observed in PR + BFT when compared with PM + BFT and control (p < 0.05). The sero‐immunological and antioxidant indices improved in the PC + BFT and PR + BFT treatments, and a significant difference was found than the control (p < 0.05). The higher ductal dilatation was seen in PM + BFT treatment which is worth more investigation. Overall, the results revealed that adding probiotics to complex carbon resources improves the water quality and common carp fingerlings welfare in the biofloc system.
Effect of fish meal replacement byAzollameal on growth performance, hemato‐biochemical and serum parameters in the diet of scale carp,Cyprinus carpiovar.communis
Authors: Ahmed Imtiaz , Khan Younis Mohd , Lateef Anzar , Jan Kousar , Majeed Aamir , Shah Manzoor A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA 12‐week growth experiment was conducted to evaluate the suitability ofAzolla cristataas a fish meal (FM) substitute in diets forCyprinus carpiovar. communisfingerlings. Six iso‐nitrogenous and isocaloric (16.17 kJ/g GE) diets were formulated to contain 42% crude protein and each treatment had three replicates. The mean initial weight of the fish was 3.4 ± 0.2 g. Graded levels ofA.cristata0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% in the diets were fed to the fish in triplicate groups, respectively. No significant (p > 0.05) differences in growth performance of fish‐fed diets containing 10% and control (0%) inclusion levels were seen. However, further increase inAzollameal (AM) supplementation resulted in gradual decline in growth performance of fish in terms of live weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio. All hematological parameters had a linear declining trend as the proportion of AM in diet was increased. Protein content of fish was found significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in fish‐fed higher inclusion of AM. Serum biochemical parameters were also noted to reduce with increasing inclusion of AM, except for glucose, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). On the basis of results obtained in the present study, it is recommended that 10%Azollameal can be included in the practical diets forC. carpiovar.communisfingerlings as partial replacement for fishmeal without affecting their growth, feed efficiency, and fish quality for the intensive culture of this fish species.