bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the disease severity with infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Delta and Omicron variants: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Qiu Ying , Li Zhenghao , Lin Fan , Yang Yilin , Yang Lanxuan , Li Ting 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe increased transmissibility of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Delta and Omicron variants due to their complex mutations has been confirmed by many studies, but the disease severity caused by these two variants and vaccine efficacy have not been clearly concluded. This meta‐analysis evaluated and compared disease severity and vaccine efficacy for infection with these two variants. Databases were searched on July 29, 2022, for original studies. Data extracted included participants, hospitalization rate, intensive care unit (ICU) admission rate, mortality rate, and vaccination status. Total 15 studies (570,713 subjects) were included. The risk of hospitalization, ICU admission and death in patients with Delta were increased compared with patients with Omicron, especially hospitalization (Log risk ratio [RR]: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65–1.53). The Delta was associated with a higher risk of death in the unvaccinated population (Log RR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.04–0.93). No significant differences in the risk of severe illness between BA.1 and BA.2 were observed. All three risks were reduced in fully vaccinated populations infected with Delta and Omicron. The existing evidence shows that the inherent virulence and disease severity of Omicron are reduced compared with Delta, and fully vaccination is effective in preventing severe infection of both variants.
Tell me what you want, what you really really want: Estimands in observational pharmacoepidemiologic comparative effectiveness and safety studies
Authors: Luijken Kim , van Eekelen Rik , Gardarsdottir Helga , Groenwold Rolf H. H. , van Geloven Nan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeIdeally, the objectives of a pharmacoepidemiologic comparative effectiveness or safety study should dictate its design and data analysis. This paper discusses how defining an estimand is instrumental to this process.MethodsWe applied the ICH‐E9 (Statistical Principles for Clinical Trials) R1 addendum on estimands – which originally focused on randomized trials – to three examples of observational pharmacoepidemiologic comparative effectiveness and safety studies. Five key elements specify the estimand: the population, contrasted treatments, endpoint, intercurrent events, and population‐level summary measure.ResultsDifferent estimands were defined for case studies representing three types of pharmacological treatments: (1) single‐dose treatments using a case study about the effect of influenza vaccination versus no vaccination on mortality risk in an adult population of ≥60 years of age; (2) sustained‐treatments using a case study about the effect of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor versus glucagon‐like peptide‐1 agonist on hypoglycemia risk in treatment of uncontrolled diabetes; and (3) as needed treatments using a case study on the effect of nitroglycerin spray as‐needed versus no nitroglycerin on syncope risk in treatment of stabile angina pectoris.ConclusionsThe case studies illustrated that a seemingly clear research question can still be open to multiple interpretations. Defining an estimand ensures that the study targets a treatment effect that aligns with the treatment decision the study aims to inform. Estimand definitions further help to inform choices regarding study design and data‐analysis and clarify how to interpret study findings.
The role of transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) in patients with underactive bladder: 12 months follow‐up in different grades of detrusor contractility
Authors: Lebani Bruno Rodrigues , Barcelos André da Silva , Gouveia Denise Sbrissia e Silva , Girotti Marcia Eli , Remaille Eduardo Pinto , Skaff Milton , Almeida Fernando Gonçalves 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroduction and ObjectiveMale detrusor underactivity (DUA) definition remains controversial and no effective treatment is consolidated. Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is one of the cornerstones surgical treatments recommended in bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). However, the role of prostatic surgery in male DUA is not clear. The primary endpoint was the clinical and voiding improvement based on IPSS and the maximum flow rate in uroflowmetry (Qmax) within 12 months.Materials and MethodsWe analyzed an ongoing prospective database that embraces benign prostata hyperplasia (BPH) male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms who have undergone to TURP. All patients were evaluated pre and postoperatively based on IPSS questionnaires, prostate volume measured by ultrasound, postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), Prostate Specific Antigen measurement and urodynamic study (UDS) before the procedure. After surgery, all patients were evaluated at 1‐, 3‐, 6‐ and 12‐months. Patients were categorized in 3 groups: Group 1—Detrusor Underactive (Bladder Contractility Index (BCI) [BCI] < 100 and BOO index [BOOI] < 40); Group 2—Detrusor Underactive and BOO (BCI < 100 and BOOI ≥ 40); Group 3—BOO (BCI ≥ 100 and BOOI ≥ 0).ResultsIt was included 158 patients underwent monopolar or bipolar TURP since November 2015 to March 2021. According to UDS, patients were categorized in: group 1 (n = 39 patients); group 2 (n = 41 patients); group 3 (n = 77 patients). Preoperative IPSS was similar between groups (group 1—24.9 ± 6.33; group 2—24.8 ± 7.33; group 3—24.5 ± 6.23). Qmax was statistically lower in the group 2 (group 1—5.43 ± 3.69; group 2—3.91 ± 2.08; group 3—6.3 ± 3.18) as well as greater PVR. The 3 groups presented similar outcomes regard to IPSS score during the follow‐up. There was a significant increase in Qmax in the 3 groups. However, group 1 presented the lowest Qmax improvement.ConclusionThere were different objective outcomes depending on the degree of DUA at 12 months follow‐up. Patients with DUA had similar IPSS improvement. However, DUA patients had worst Qmax improvement than men with normal bladder contraction.
Cognitive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia with L‐Carnosine adjuvant therapy – A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Tharoor Hema , Maran Sindhu , Chandan Antra K. , Pari Manikandan , Rao Shruti , Durairaj Jothilakshmi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe antioxidant L‐Carnosine is reported to improve negative and cognitive symptoms in Schizophrenia. A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled study was planned to study the effectiveness of adjuvant L‐Carnosine therapy in patients with Schizophrenia. 100 eligible patients with predominant negative symptoms as measured by scale for assessment of negative symptoms (SANS total score ≥ 60) and Schizophrenia diagnosis (International Classification of Disorder‐Tenth Edition, ICD‐10) were recruited. They were randomly allocated to receive a fixed dose of either 400 mg L‐Carnosine or identical placebo for 3 months and increased to 800 mg from 13th week till completion of study. Primary outcome measures assessed changes in SANS scores with L‐Carnosine at 24 weeks compared to baseline, 4 and 12 weeks. Secondary outcome measures were done to assess the improvement in cognitive symptoms (executive function, attention, and memory) at 24 weeks using subtests of NIMHANS (National Institute for Mental Health and Neurosciences) cognitive battery. Side effects were assessed using adverse events reporting form. The attention scores (p = .023) showed significant differences in patients receiving 800 mg of L‐Carnosine at the end of the study. There were no significant differences in negative symptoms in the two arms at study completion. L‐Carnosine dosing of 800 mg may be a promising agent to enhance executive functions in Schizophrenia.
Confirmation of the Y215H mutation in the β2‐octopamine receptor in Varroa destructor is associated with contemporary cases of amitraz resistance in the United States
Authors: Rinkevich Frank D. , Moreno‐Martí Sara , Hernández‐Rodríguez Carmen Sara , González‐Cabrera Joel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe parasitic mite, Varroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman), is a leading cause of honey bee colony losses around the world. Application of miticides such as amitraz are often the primary method of Varroa control in commercial beekeeping operations in the United States. It is likely that excessive and exclusive amitraz application has led to the development of amitraz resistance in Varroa. A mutation of tyrosine at amino acid position 215 to histidine (Y215H) in the β2‐octopamine receptor was identified in putatively amitraz‐resistant Varroa in the United States. This research investigated the presence of the Y215H mutation in quantitatively confirmed amitraz‐resistant Varroa from the United States.RESULTSThere was a strong association of susceptible and resistant phenotypes with the corresponding susceptible and resistant genotypes respectively, and vice versa. The resistance bioassay may understate resistance levels because of the influence of environmental conditions on the outcome of the test, whereby Varroa with an amitraz‐resistant genotype may appear with a susceptible phenotype.CONCLUSIONConfirmation of the Y215H mutation in the β2‐octopamine receptor of amitraz‐resistant Varroa encourages the development and validation of low‐cost, high‐throughput genotyping protocols to assess amitraz resistance. Resistance monitoring via genotyping will allow for large‐scale passive monitoring to accurately determine the prevalence of amitraz resistance rather than directed sampling of apiaries with known resistance issues. Genotyping of Varroa for amitraz resistance early in the beekeeping season may predict late‐season resistance at the colony level and provide beekeepers with enough time to develop an effective Varroa management strategy. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
A trilateral approach to design a model course on information literacy and research ethics for tertiary‐level curricula: A pathway to university ranking success
Authors: Yesmin Shamima , Atikuzzaman Md. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present study aims to design a model course on Information Literacy (IL) and Research Ethics (RE) for university curricula and examine the role of this course in university ranking. The study followed a mixed approach to collect required data for designing the course. First, research students' responses regarding IL and RE were collected using a structured questionnaire. Then, responses regarding students' ethical practices were collected from the heads of departments of a university. The Director of the Institutional Quality Assurance Cell (IQAC) of the university was also consulted for his opinions regarding the design of a model course on IL and RE for university curriculum. A total of 142 research students responded to the survey. Results showed that most of the students are unfamiliar with different ethical terms except plagiarism (71.8%). Similarly, departments' heads think that their students are mostly unfamiliar with the terms like intellectual property, paraphrasing and fair use; and inefficient in evaluating information source, ethically using that information and disseminating it through proper channels. Only 23% of students maintained ethics while conducting research works, which sometimes led them into violation of academic integrity. Considering these issues and consulting with IQAC, a course has been designed which might be incorporated in the university curriculum. This is the first initiative in Bangladesh where a model course has been designed and it has been shown how this course can play a vital role in ensuring quality education and influencing university ranking.
Wireless‐SpaceWire bridge for intrasatellite transmissions
Authors: Buta Rares , Puschita Emanuel , Kirei Botond Sandor , Codau Cristian , Palade Tudor , Dolea Paul , Pastrav Andra 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe scope of this paper is to present the proof‐of‐concept and functional verification of a Wireless‐SpaceWire bridge (High‐Throughput Wireless‐SpaceWire Bridge for Intra‐Satellite Transmissions [HiSAT] bridge) designed to replace the wired SpaceWire (SpW) connections for intraspacecraft communications. To provide proper data handling and conversion, the proposed solution implements two main components: (1) the SpW Converter, which provides the SpW interface, and (2) the Wireless Converter, which provides the multiantenna radio frequency (RF) front‐end. High‐end research infrastructure is used in the solution implementation. STAR‐Dundee SpW products emulate real spacecraft instrumentation and implement the SpW links and interfaces. Xilinx FPGA ZCU102 boards are used for the implementation of the hardware/software communication stack of the SpW Converter. A comprehensive National Instruments USRP Software Defined Radio platform is used to implement the Wireless Converter. End‐to‐end laboratory tests are run to evaluate the performance of the proposed solution in terms of average end‐to‐end delay, average data rate, and packet success rate and to assess the technology readiness. The results demonstrate that the HiSAT bridge is TRL4 and that the technological approach (i.e., using FPGAs and OFDM transmissions) can successfully replace an on‐board intraspacecraft SpW link.
Struvite recovery efficiency using flocculation in batch and continuous settling systems for ammonia removal of mining wastewater
Authors: Pometti Lisa , Provost Philippe‐Olivier , Rancourt David , Poncet Sébastien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn approach to remove ammonia from mining wastewater is to precipitate ammonia into struvite, and flocculation was proved to enhance settling of struvite flocs. But the current literature fails to consider flocculent properties of struvite flocs, and previous studies focused only on small volumes. This study evaluates the effect of ammonia concentration and height on removal efficiency of struvite flocs in a batch system and compares removal efficiency of struvite flocs between a batch and a pilot‐scale continuous settling process to evaluate the potential of using flocculation to recover struvite crystals as a stand‐alone method. Removal efficiency of struvite using flocculation is evaluated depending on depth in a batch system for two different ammonia concentrations (45 and 90 ppm) and in a continuous system for different flowrates. It is shown that a higher concentration promotes flocculation and enhances settling velocities of struvite flocs. The difference between the batch and the continuous processes for the same removal efficiency was significantly higher from what has been reported in the literature: in the continuous process, 89% of struvite flocs have been recovered with a surface overflow rate (SOR) of 1.8 m.h−1, whereas, for the same height, the same efficiency corresponds to SOR = 9 m.h−1 in the batch process. The fragile nature of struvite flocs is potentially responsible for such a difference.Practitioner Points

Settling velocities of struvite flocs are highly dependant on concentration and depth.
Removal efficiency are considerably higher with a batch settling process for the same surface overflow rate.
Flocculation enable 89% of struvite fines to be recovered in a continuous settling process with a SOR of 1.8 m.hs−1.
Reframing leadership for a more just society
Authors: Mitchell Tania D. , Museus Samuel D. , Puente Mayra , Ting Marie P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article provides an overview of important social and political contexts that underscore the need for an increased focus on the role of social justice in leadership education and development discourse. The article also discusses key misconceptions that inhibit critical conversations about leadership education and a leadership framework that designed to center social justice in leadership development efforts.
Analytics
Authors: Steinbach Ingo , Salama Hesham 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe chapter reviews the basic analytic solutions of phase-field models at the mesoscopic scale. First the phase-field equation is derived by the Clausius-Duhem relation applied to a simple phase-field functional. The concept of variational derivative, related to the gradient contribution in the phase-field functional, is introduced. The traveling wave solution, or solitonian wave solution, for the phase-field equation in 1-dimension is derived for two relevant potential functions. Finally, the relations between model parameters and physically defined material parameters are derived.
Capillarity
Authors: Steinbach Ingo , Salama Hesham 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe chapter reviews the basics of the effect of capillarity, i.e. the influence of interface energy on microstructure evolution in materials. This will be done from a phenomenological aspect on the one hand and related to the representation of capillarity in a phase-field model on the other hand. The expression for curvature related to the gradient of the phase field is derived as well as the expression for Herring torque at an interface with anisotropic interface energy
Concentration
Authors: Steinbach Ingo , Salama Hesham 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this chapter the coupling to solute concentration in an alloy is reviewed. During transformation the concentration between the phases must be redistributed, causing solute diffusion. First different approached to handle this problem are discussed comparatively. Special emphasis is given to the problem of scale in a mesoscopic phase field model. In detail the currently most advanced model, the so-called finite interface dissipation model is explained in detail. The chapter concludes with the discussion of the effect of multi-component diffusion and its handling in a phase-field model. As an example, solidification under additive manufacturing condition is presented with special emphasis of the microsegregation after solidification in a multi-component alloy.
Revealing the origin of neutrino masses through the Type II Seesaw mechanism at high-energy muon colliders
Authors: Li Tong , Yao Chang-Yuan , Yuan Man 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The future muon collider can play as an ideal machine to search for new physics at high energies. In this work, we study the search potential of the heavy Higgs triplet in the Type II Seesaw mechanism at muon colliders with high collision energy and high luminosity. The latest neutrino oscillation data are taken into account for realizing the leptonic decay modes of the charged Higgs bosons (H±±, H±) in the Type II Seesaw. We show the impact of neutrino mass and mixing parameters on the purely leptonic decays. The pair production of doubly charged Higgs H++H−− is through direct μ+μ− annihilation and vector boson fusion (VBF) processes at muon collider. The associated production H±±H∓ can only be induced by VBF processes. We simulate both the purely leptonic and bosonic signal channels of charged Higgs bosons in Type II Seesaw, together with the Standard Model backgrounds. We show the required luminosity for the discovery of the charged Higgses and the reachable limits on the leptonic decay branching fractions.
Operators Induced by Radial Measures Acting on the Dirichlet Space
Authors: Galanopoulos Petros , Girela Daniel , Mas Alejandro , Merchán Noel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLet $${\mathbb {D}}$$
D
be the unit disc in the complex plane. Given a positive finite Borel measure $$\mu $$
μ
on the radius [0, 1), we let $$\mu _n$$

μ
n

denote the n-th moment of $$\mu $$
μ
and we deal with the action on spaces of analytic functions in $${\mathbb {D}}$$
D
of the operator of Hibert-type $${\mathcal {H}}_\mu $$

H
μ

and the operator of Cesàro-type $${\mathcal {C}}_\mu $$

C
μ

which are defined as follows: If f is holomorphic in $${\mathbb {D}}$$
D
, $$f(z)=\sum _{n=0}^\infty a_nz^n$$

f

(
z
)

=

∑

n
=
0

∞

a
n

z
n

($$z\in {\mathbb {D}})$$

z
∈
D
)

, then $${\mathcal {H}}_\mu (f)$$

H
μ

(
f
)

is formally defined by $${\mathcal {H}}_\mu (f)(z) = \sum _{n=0}^\infty \left( \sum _{k=0}^\infty \mu _{n+k}a_k\right) z^n$$

H
μ

(
f
)

(
z
)

=

∑

n
=
0

∞

∑

k
=
0

∞

μ

n
+
k

a
k

z
n

($$z\in {\mathbb {D}}$$

z
∈
D

) and $${\mathcal {C}}_\mu (f)$$

C
μ

(
f
)

is defined by $$\mathcal C_\mu (f)(z) = \sum _{n=0}^\infty \mu _n\left( \sum _{k=0}^na_k\right) z^n$$

C
μ

(
f
)

(
z
)

=

∑

n
=
0

∞

μ
n

∑

k
=
0

n

a
k

z
n

($$z\in {\mathbb {D}}$$

z
∈
D

). These are natural generalizations of the classical Hilbert and Cesàro operators. A good amount of work has been devoted recently to study the action of these operators on distinct spaces of analytic functions in $${\mathbb {D}}$$
D
. In this paper we study the action of the operators $${\mathcal {H}}_\mu $$

H
μ

and $${\mathcal {C}}_\mu $$

C
μ

on the Dirichlet space $${\mathcal {D}}$$
D
and, more generally, on the analytic Besov spaces $$B^p$$

B
p

($$1\le p<\infty $$

1
≤
p
<
∞

).
Deformierende endonasale Raumforderung während der Schwangerschaft
Authors: Maas A. P. , Eckrich J. , Send T. , Bernhardt M. , Strieth S. , Ernst B. P. 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungBeschrieben wird der Fall einer 33-jährigen Patientin, die in der 39. Schwangerschaftswoche mit rezidivierender Epistaxis in unserer HNO-Ambulanz vorstellig wurde. Es zeigte sich endonasal links eine livide, die Nase subtotal verlegende Raumforderung, die zur Verformung der äußeren Nase führte. Eine externe Biopsie erbrachte keinen Hinweis auf Malignität. In der postpartal durchgeführten Computertomographie der Nasennebenhöhlen zeigte sich eine das knorpelige Nasenseptum destruierende Raumforderung. Es erfolgte eine endoskopische Resektion des Befundes unter Erhalt des klinisch nicht arrodierten Nasenseptumknorpels. Die histopathologische Aufarbeitung erbrachte den Nachweis eines kapillären Hämangioms, das angesichts des Auftretens in der Schwangerschaft als Granuloma gravidarum eingeordnet wurde.
Fully efficient, two-stage analysis of multi-environment trials with directional dominance and multi-trait genomic selection
Authors: Endelman Jeffrey B. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Key message
R/StageWise enables fully efficient, two-stage analysis of multi-environment, multi-trait datasets for genomic selection, including support for dominance heterosis and polyploidy.

Abstract
Plant breeders interested in genomic selection often face challenges to fully utilizing multi-trait, multi-environment datasets. R package StageWise was developed to go beyond the capabilities of most specialized software for genomic prediction, without requiring the programming skills needed for more general-purpose software for mixed models. As the name suggests, one of the core features is a fully efficient, two-stage analysis for multiple environments, in which the full variance–covariance matrix of the Stage 1 genotype means is used in Stage 2. Another feature is directional dominance, including for polyploids, to account for inbreeding depression in outbred crops. StageWise enables selection with multi-trait indices, including restricted indices with one or more traits constrained to have zero response. For a potato dataset with 943 genotypes evaluated over 6 years, including the Stage 1 errors in Stage 2 reduced the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) by 29, 67, and 104 for maturity, yield, and fry color, respectively. The proportion of variation explained by heterosis was largest for yield but still only 0.03, likely because of limited variation for the genomic inbreeding coefficient. Due to the large additive genetic correlation (0.57) between yield and maturity, naïve selection on an index combining yield and fry color led to an undesirable response for later maturity. The restricted index coefficients to maximize genetic merit without delaying maturity were identified. The software and three vignettes are available at https://github.com/jendelman/StageWise.