bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strong conformable structure via tension activated kirigami
Authors: Corrigan Tom , Fleming Patrick , Eldredge Charlie , Langer-Anderson Delony 
Published: May 2023

AbstractKirigami, the art of cutting and folding sheets, provides a way to deploy three-dimensional shapes from flat material. Known for centuries by artists and the subject of recent research, practical application of kirigami is limited by the complexity of the folding step. Recently, a kirigami pattern based on staggered slits has been used for expanded metal gratings and packaging material, having the practical advantage of deploying with simple tension rather than complex folding. Here, we introduce a tension activated kirigami pattern that drives flat material into rows of vertical, accordion-like, folded walls. This array of walls has a stiffness and strength comparable to a full honeycomb core, yet it self-deploys under tension. The structure is also conformable, allowing it to wrap around objects. These attributes enable a step forward for low-cost structural panels and a sustainable alternative to plastic cushion wrap.
Genetic or therapeutic neutralization of ALK1 reduces LDL transcytosis and atherosclerosis in mice
Authors: Lee Sungwoon , Schleer Hubertus , Park Hyojin , Jang Erika , Boyer Michael , Tao Bo , Gamez-Mendez Ana , Singh Abhishek , Folta-Stogniew Ewa , Zhang Xinbo , Qin Lingfeng , Xiao Xue , Xu Lin , Zhang Junhui , Hu Xiaoyue , Pashos Evanthia , Tellides George , Shaul Philip W. , Lee Warren L. , Fernandez-Hernando Carlos , Eichmann Anne , Sessa William C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLow-density lipoprotein (LDL) accumulation in the arterial wall contributes to atherosclerosis initiation and progression1. Activin A receptor-like type 1 (ACVRL1, called activin-like kinase receptor (ALK1)) is a recently identified receptor that mediates LDL entry and transcytosis in endothelial cells (ECs)2,3. However, the role of this pathway in vivo is not yet known. In the present study, we show that genetic deletion of ALK1 in arterial ECs of mice substantially limits LDL accumulation, macrophage infiltration and atherosclerosis without affecting cholesterol or triglyceride levels. Moreover, a selective monoclonal antibody binding ALK1 efficiently blocked LDL transcytosis, but not bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP9) signaling, dramatically reducing plaque formation in LDL receptor knockout mice fed a high-fat diet. Thus, our results demonstrate that blocking LDL transcytosis into the endothelium may be a promising therapeutic strategy that targets the initiating event of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Improving the robustness of analog deep neural networks through a Bayes-optimized noise injection approach
Authors: Ye Nanyang , Cao Linfeng , Yang Liujia , Zhang Ziqing , Fang Zhicheng , Gu Qinying , Yang Guang-Zhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnalog deep neural networks (DNNs) provide a promising solution, especially for deployment on resource-limited platforms, for example in mobile settings. However, the practicability of analog DNNs has been limited by their instability due to multi-factor reasons from manufacturing, thermal noise, etc. Here, we present a theoretically guaranteed noise injection approach to improve the robustness of analog DNNs without any hardware modifications or sacrifice of accuracy, which proves that within a certain range of parameter perturbations, the prediction results would not change. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithmic framework can outperform state-of-the-art methods on tasks including image classification, object detection, and large-scale point cloud object detection in autonomous driving by a factor of 10 to 100. Together, our results may serve as a way to ensure the robustness of analog deep neural network systems, especially for safety-critical applications.
ActiveGuard: An active intellectual property protection technique for deep neural networks by leveraging adversarial examples as users' fingerprints
Authors: Xue Mingfu , Sun Shichang , He Can , Gu Dujuan , Zhang Yushu , Wang Jian , Liu Weiqiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe intellectual properties (IP) protection of deep neural networks (DNN) models has raised many concerns in recent years. To date, most of the existing works use DNN watermarking to protect the IP of DNN models. However, the DNN watermarking methods can only passively verify the copyright of the model after the DNN model has been pirated, which cannot prevent piracy in the first place. In this paper, an active DNN IP protection technique against DNN piracy, called ActiveGuard, is proposed. ActiveGuard can provide active authorisation control, users' identities management, and ownership verification for DNN models. Specifically, for the first time, ActiveGuard exploits well‐crafted rare and specific adversarial examples with specific classes and confidences as users' fingerprints to distinguish authorised users from unauthorised ones. Authorised users can input their fingerprints to the DNN model for identity authentication and then obtain normal usage, while unauthorised users will obtain a very poor model performance. In addition, ActiveGuard enables the model owner to embed a watermark into the weights of the DNN model for ownership verification. Compared to the few existing active DNN IP protection works, ActiveGuard can support both users' identities identification and active authorisation control. Besides, ActiveGuard introduces lower overhead than these existing active protection works. Experimental results show that, for authorised users, the test accuracy of LeNet‐5 and Wide Residual Network (WRN) models are 99.15% and 91.46%, respectively, while for unauthorised users, the test accuracy of LeNet‐5 and WRN models are only 8.92% and 10%, respectively. Besides, each authorised user can pass the fingerprint authentication with a high success rate (up to 100%). For ownership verification, the embedded watermark can be successfully extracted, while the normal performance of DNN models will not be affected. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that ActiveGuard is robust against model fine‐tuning attack, pruning attack, and three types of fingerprint forgery attacks.
Resource optimization for energy‐efficient NOMA‐based multi‐UAV‐enabled relaying networks
Authors: Hu Hang , An Qi , Huang Yangchao , Gu Ranran , Zhao Senhao , Liu Shihao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOwing to the advantages of low cost, flexibility, and the transmission characteristics of air–ground (AG) channels, using the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) as mobile relay to assist wireless communication has received significant interest recently. A green non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)‐based multi‐UAV‐enabled relaying system with different rate requirements is proposed here. To improve energy efficiency (EE) of the UAV relays, an optimization problem for user grouping, UAV trajectory design and resource allocation under the constraints of information causality constraint, UAVs' maximum service capacity, maximum transmit power constraint, and different communication rate requirements of the mobile users (MUs) is formulated. According to the grouping results, the UAVs' trajectory and power allocation by Dinkelbach method, successive convex approximation, and condensation algorithm are alternately optimized. To solve this highly coupled non‐linear mixed integer programming problem, a graph‐based grouping algorithm is proposed to reduce the relative distance between the UAV relay and the MU. Simulation results show that the proposed optimization algorithm can effectively improve the EE performance of this NOMA‐based multi‐UAV‐enabled relaying system.
Direct torque control and space vector modulation‐based direct torque control of brushless doubly‐fed reluctance machines
Authors: Shi Long , Jin Shi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper establishes the torque equation of brushless doubly‐fed reluctance machines (BDFRMs) expressed by power winding or control winding (CW) flux vectors and the defined flux vectors generated by magnetic field modulation. On this basis, the direct torque control theory of BDFRM is established. The derivative expression of torque and CW flux are derived for accurately analysing the effect of CW voltage vectors and machine operation points on torque and CW flux. In addition, the space vector modulation‐based direct torque control strategy of BDFRM is proposed, which can keep the switching frequency constant. The two methods are compared and analysed through experimental results.
Mental accounting theory‐based bounded‐rationality trading strategy of prosumers in transactive energy market
Authors: Jing Xinyi , Song Meng , Gao Ciwei , Yao Yunting , Cai Yunfeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the transactive energy market (TEM), prosumers are assumed to be rational. However, prosumers’ trading behaviours are affected by many factors (e.g. social relations, personal preferences, and habits). Their trading demands vary in benefits, comfort levels, and environmental consciousness, which show bounded rationality. Accordingly, this paper introduces the mental accounting theory to develop a trading decision‐making method by characterizing prosumers’ actual trading behaviours. It quantified prosumers’ motivations and psychological changes by the risk attitude and subjective value models in the process of multi‐account management. The updating rules of trading decisions and multi‐round bidding market mechanism are also designed to improve the social welfare and market efficiency. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method can make prosumers trade in TEM under their actual intentions and bounded‐rationality. And the market mechanism can help to increase social welfare and market efficiency.
Multi‐scale feature fusion pyramid attention network for single image dehazing
Authors: Liu Jianlei , Liu Peng , Zhang Yuanke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTexture and color distortion are common in existing learning‐based dehazing algorithms, and it is argued that one of the major reasons is that the shallow features of fog images are underutilized, and the deep features of fog images are insufficient for single image dehazing. In order to provide more texture and color information for image restoration, more shallow features need to be added in the process of image decoding. Therefore, a multi‐scale feature fusion pyramid attention network (PAN) for single image dehazing is proposed. In PAN, combined with the attention mechanism, a shallow and deep feature fusion (SDF) strategy is designed. SDF considers multi‐scale as well as channel‐level fusion to provide feature information under different receptive fields while also highlighting important channels, such as texture and color information. DC is designed as a latent space mapping module to learn a mapping relationship between the latent space representation of the hazy image at low resolution and the corresponding latent space representation of the haze‐free image. Additionally, network deconvolution (ND) and deformed convolution network (DCN) are introduced into PAN. The ND module can remove pixel‐wise and channel‐wise correlation of features, reduce data redundancy to obtain sparse representation of features, and speed up network convergence. The DCN module can use its adaptive receptive field to focus on the area of interest for calculation and play a role in texture feature enhancement. Finally, the perceptual loss is chosen as the regularization item of the loss function, which makes style features of the restored image closer to the real fog‐free image. Extensive experiments reveal that the proposed PAN outperforms other existing dehazing methods on real‐world and synthetic datasets.
Exploring the effects of measures of performance and calibration strategies on calibrating traffic microsimulation model: A quantitative analysis approach
Authors: Li Haoran , Yuan Zhenzhou , Chen Siyuan , Zhu Chuang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the subject of traffic microsimulation model (TMM) calibration, measure of performance (MoP) plays an essential role. However, due to the diversity of MoP types, choosing a MoP or MoP combination (usually used for multi‐criteria calibration strategy) that can represent the characteristics of field traffic operation has become the key to the calibration problem. This paper proposed a quantitative analysis approach (suitable, in general, for any TMM) with three aspects. Through this approach, more detailed and representative MoPs can be studied. At the same time, the effect of different calibration strategies with various MoP combinations on TMM calibration can also be compared comprehensively. The methodology is tested on a specific case study (a signalized link with a cyclic interrupted flow) by VISSIM, where various MoPs and calibration strategies (single‐criteria, the a priori‐based multi‐criteria, and the a posteriori‐based multi‐criteria calibration strategy) are implemented for comprehensive inspection and comparison. The results show that the TMM performance is clearly dependent on the MoPs and calibration strategies. Moreover, the a posteriori‐based multi‐criteria calibration strategy is more stable than the other two strategies for better performance TMM. The findings of this study provide new insights into the effects of MoPs and calibration strategies on TMM calibration.
Increasing bandwidth of orthogonally polarised omnidirectional antenna composed of halo and sleeve antennas
Authors: Mizutani Tomokazu , Michishita Naobumi , Sato Hiroshi , Koyanagi Yoshio , Morishita Hisashi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, we developed and investigated a small‐diameter, low‐profile, wideband orthogonal‐polarisation multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna. A polarisation MIMO antenna is a combination of a modified sleeve antenna for vertical polarisation and a halo antenna with four parasitic elements for horizontal polarisation. Four parasitic elements vertically were loaded above and below the halo antenna, and a sleeve antenna with an upper sleeve structure was inserted inside the halo antenna to achieve a low profile, wideband antenna with a small diameter. Simulation and measurement results showed that the proposed antenna achieved a relative bandwidth of 10.1% (|S11| and |S22| ≤ −10 dB). For the lower frequency wavelength (λmin) in the required bandwidth, the diameter and height of the proposed antenna are 0.14λmin and 0.57λmin respectively. Additionally, it is capable of orthogonal‐polarisation isolation of approximately 20 dB within the operating frequency bandwidth.
Metachronous lesions after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection: first assessment of the FAMISH prediction score
Authors: Rei Andreia , Ortigão Raquel , Pais Mariana , Afonso Luís P. , Pimentel-Nunes Pedro , Dinis-Ribeiro Mário , Libânio Diogo 
Published: May 2023

Background Surveillance after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is recommended for all patients owing to the persistent risk of metachronous gastric lesions (MGLs). We developed and validated a prediction score to estimate MGL risk after ESD for early neoplastic gastric lesions, to define an individualized and cost-saving approach.
Methods Clinical predictors and a risk score were derived from meta-analysis data. A retrospective, single-center, cohort study including patients with ≥ 3 years of standardized surveillance after ESD was conducted for score validation. Predictive accuracy of the score by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was assessed and cumulative probabilities of MGL were estimated.
Results The risk score (0–9 points) included six clinical predictors (scored 0–3): positive family history of gastric cancer, older age, male sex, corpus intestinal metaplasia, synchronous gastric lesions, and persistent Helicobacter pylori infection (FAMISH). The study population included 263 patients. The MGL rate was 16 %. The score diagnostic accuracy for predicting MGL at 3 years’ follow-up, measured by the AUC, was 0.704 (95 %CI 0.603–0.806). At 3 years and a cutoff < 2, the score achieved maximal sensitivity and negative predictive value; 15 % of patients could be assigned to a low-risk group, in which the progression to MGL was significantly lower than for the high-risk group (P = 0.04).
Conclusion The FAMISH score might be a useful tool to accurately identify patients with low-to-intermediate risk for MGL at 3 years of follow-up who could have surveillance intervals extended to reduce the burden of care.
Prenatal Substance Exposure: Associations with Neurodevelopment in Middle Childhood
Authors: Conradt Elisabeth , McGrath Monica , Knapp Emily , Li Xiuhong , Musci Rashelle J. , Mansolf Maxwell , Deoni Sean , Sathyanarayana Sheela , Ondersma Steven J. , Lester Barry M. ,   on behalf of program collaborators for Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes
Published: May 2023

Objective Single-substance exposure effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes, such as problem behavior and intelligence quotient (IQ), have been studied in children for decades. However, the long-term consequences of polysubstance exposure are poorly understood.
Study Design Longitudinal neurodevelopmental data were gathered from cohorts across the United States through the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Program. Data on prenatal exposure to opioids, nicotine, marijuana, and alcohol were collected from children ages 6 to 11 years (N = 256). Problem behavior was assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (school-age version), and verbal IQ (VIQ) and performance IQ (PIQ) were assessed using the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition. We first identified latent profiles in the overall sample, then evaluated differences in profile membership for children with and without prenatal substance exposure.
Results Latent profile analysis identified two mutually exclusive categories: average VIQ and PIQ, with typical problem behavior, and below-average VIQ with average PIQ and clinically significant problem behavior. Children with prenatal nicotine and polysubstance exposures were more likely to be classified in the below-average VIQ, elevated problem behavior profile compared with children without prenatal nicotine exposure.
Conclusion The presence of clinically significant behavior problems in children with average PIQ, but below-average VIQ, could represent a unique endophenotype related to prenatal nicotine exposure in the context of other prenatal substance exposures.
Key Points
Surgical Treatment of Developmental Dysplastic Lumbosacral Spondylolisthesis: Additional Help from an Intervertebral Distraction, Correction, and Reduction Device
Authors: Lübbers Thomas , Sandvoss Gerd , Baalmann Rainer , Wigt Peter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background In mid- to high-grade adult dysplastic spondylolisthesis, surgeons are faced with three underlying components: angular, translational, and collapse of the disk. In extremely narrow intervertebral spaces, it is difficult to distract and lift the vertebral bodies by the pedicle screw system alone. In this prospective case control study, we analyzed the efficacy of the latest prototypes (distraction, correction, and reduction [DCR] instrument) with intervertebral application in terms of distraction, correction of segmental kyphosis, and slip reduction.
Methods Twelve adult patients (5 male and 7 female patients) were enrolled in this study. The average age was 42 years (range: 17–67 years) and in all cases the maneuver was documented during the surgery. The amount of slip reduction, the lumbosacral angle according to the Spinal Deformity Study Group dysplastic angle (dys-SDGG), and the disk height were measured preoperatively, intraoperatively, 3 months after surgery, and during the latest follow-up (range: 3–44 months). The relative height of the lumbosacral disk was determined in relation to the disk height in L3/L4.
Results Slippage ranged from 17 to 67%. Overall, the average slippage was 45% preoperatively and 4.8% after the reduction maneuver. The average ratio of the disk height was 0.3 preoperatively, 1.0 intraoperatively, and 0.9 at the latest follow-up. Two patients showed significant kyphotic changes, and these patients had an 18- and 21-degree lordotic improvement. From those who had a lumbosacral kyphosis >20 degrees, only one patient did not show any lordotic improvement. All other patients had a significant lordotic improvement. In total, the lumbosacral angle changed from 15 to 23 degrees.
Conclusion The application of an intervertebral distractor with a mobile thigh has a good clinical and radiologic outcome for mid- to high-grade adult dysplastic spondylolisthesis in terms of distraction, kyphosis correction, and reduction of underlying slippage. The described hardware failures and the complications were not related to the DCR device.
Crowdsourcing Electronic Health Record Improvements at Scale across an Integrated Health Care Delivery System
Authors: Rajamani Geetanjali , Diethelm Molly , Gunderson Melissa A. , Talluri Venkata S. M. , Motz Patricia , Steinhaus Jennifer M. , LaFlamme Anne E. , Jarabek Bryan , Christiaansen Tori , Blade Jeffrey T. , Badlani Sameer , Melton Genevieve B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background and Objective Despite widespread adoption of electronic health records (EHRs), these systems have significant room for improved efficiency and efficacy. While the idea of crowdsourcing EHR improvement ideas has been reported, little is known about how this might work across an integrated health care delivery system in practice.
Methods Our program solicited EHR improvement submissions during two timeframes across 10 hospitals and 60 clinics in an upper-Midwest integrated health care delivery system. Submissions were primarily collected via an EHR help feature.
Results A total of 262 and 294 submissions were received in 2019 and 2022, with a majority initiated from physicians (73.5 and 46.9%, 2019 and 2022) specializing in family medicine (52.0 and 59.3%). In 2022, the program reached a larger variety of personnel than 2019, with 53.0% of submissions from advanced practice providers, nurses, administrative staff, and other roles (p < 0.0001). Many ideas (36.4 and 50.0% in 2019 and 2022) reflected a lack of user understanding of EHR features and were addressed through training/education. Significant (27.1 and 25.9%) or simple (24.0 and 14.7%) EHR optimizations were required to address most remaining suggestions, with a number part of planned EHR improvement projects already (16.3 and 17.6%).
Conclusion Our experience using a crowdsourcing approach for EHR improvement ideas provided clinicians and staff the opportunity to address frustrations with the EHR and offered concrete feedback and solutions. While previous studies have suggested EHR technology improvements as paramount, we observed large numbers of users having a misunderstanding of EHR features, highlighting the need for improved EHR user competency and training.
Alterations in Preterm Brain Development: Relation to Developmental Assessment and Prediction
Authors: Aylward Glen P. 
Published: May 2023

Infants born extremely preterm are at risk for compromised cognitive and motor outcome. There are various possibilities as to why this occurs. The “two-hit” hypothesis consists of interrelated developmental disruptions and insults. Both specifically affect the transient subplate neuronal layer (SNL) and the early development of brain circuitry. The SNL, analogous to a switchboard, is critical in connecting cortical and lower brain centers and is highly susceptible to disruptions and insults, producing dysfunctional neural networks. Damage to the SNL provides the putative link between atypical early brain development and later cognitive and academic function that require complex neural circuitry. This, in turn, has major ramifications for developmental assessment and prediction.
Key Points