bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thin films of silicon nitride deposited at room temperature by non-reactive magnetron sputtering: radiofrequency power and deposition time influence on the formation of α-Si3N4 and its optical properties
Authors: Barrera-Mendivelso Edwin Sebastian , Rodríguez-Gómez Arturo 
Published: August 2023

Silicon nitride’s excellent electronic and optical properties have positioned it as an indispensable element in silicon-based photonic platforms and photonic quantum computing. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Plasma Enhanced CVD (PECVD) techniques predominate in high-performance silicon nitride thin film manufacture. Unfortunately, Chemical Vapor Deposition and Plasma Enhanced CVD are expensive techniques that use hazardous gases and very high substrate temperatures. In this work, we used the sputtering technique to grow α-Si3N4 thin films at room temperature. We identified that by applying radiofrequency powers between 30 and 50 W combined with deposition times below 120 min, we could achieve the growth of silicon nitride (SiNX) films with uniformly distributed crystalline particles, limited formation of clusters, and minimal alterations in atomic ordering. The Volmer-Weber model governs the film’s growth, which favors its continuity and surface roughness. The optical bandgaps of our SiNX films ranged from 2.3 to 3.9 eV, and their RMS roughness never exceeded 4 nm. We observed a quasi-linear deposition rate concerning radiofrequency power and deposition time, whereby we were able to grow SiNX films controllably and reproducibly with thicknesses ranging from 45 to 500 nm.
Contactless photoplethysmography for assessment of small fiber neuropathy
Authors: Marcinkevics Zbignevs , Rubins Uldis , Aglinska Alise , Logina Inara , Glazunovs Dmitrijs , Grabovskis Andris 
Published: August 2023

Chronic pain is a prevalent condition affecting approximately one-fifth of the global population, with significant impacts on quality of life and work productivity. Small fiber neuropathies are a common cause of chronic pain, and current diagnostic methods rely on subjective self-assessment or invasive skin biopsies, highlighting the need for objective noninvasive assessment methods. The study aims to develop a modular prototype of a contactless photoplethysmography system with three spectral bands (420, 540, and 800 nm) and evaluate its potential for assessing peripheral neuropathy patients via a skin topical heating test and spectral analyses of cutaneous flowmotions. The foot topical skin heating test was conducted on thirty volunteers, including fifteen healthy subjects and fifteen neuropathic patients. Four cutaneous nerve fiber characterizing parameters were evaluated at different wavelengths, including vasomotor response trend, flare area, flare intensity index, and the spectral power of cutaneous flowmotions. The results show that neuropathic patients had significantly lower vasomotor response (50%), flare area (63%), flare intensity index (19%), and neurogenic component (54%) of cutaneous flowmotions compared to the control group, independent of photoplethysmography spectral band. An absolute value of perfusion was 20%–30% higher in the 420 nm band. Imaging photoplethysmography shows potential as a cost-effective alternative for objective and non-invasive assessment of neuropathic patients, but further research is needed to enhance photoplethysmography signal quality and establish diagnostic criteria.
“The facilitator is not a bystander”: exploring the perspectives of interdisciplinary experts on trauma research
Authors: Hira Sarita , Sheppard-Perkins Madeleine , Darroch Francine E. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThis study investigates the concepts, knowledge, and guiding principles that inform the practice of professionals researching trauma or working directly with individuals who have lived and living experiences of trauma. These aspects are explored with the aim of identifying current practices and potential gaps which may contribute to more trauma-informed biomarker-based research approaches.MethodThe perspectives of experts were explored through semi-structured interviews with seven participants; these individuals represented trauma research, clinical practice, and trauma-informed physical activity domains.ResultsA thematic analysis of the collected data revealed three focal areas highlighted by participants from all disciplines: “If I want to know trauma in the body of a person I need to know the person’s language” which related to experiences of discussing trauma with clients; “What all people need is a safe place” relayed the importance of safety for participants working with the trauma expert; and “the facilitator is not a bystander” framing trauma-related work as a collaborative process between participants and their care providers.ConclusionEvidence of formal implementation of trauma-informed practices within research settings is lacking. This gap is identified within background literature, while the importance of implementing these practices is emphasized by the participants of this study. This presents an opportunity to apply the insights of the interviewed experts toward advancing trauma research methodologies. Adapting biomarker-based research methodologies to fit a trauma- and violence-informed model may have benefits for the quality of participant experiences, research data, and knowledge of effective interventions.
Lateralization difference in functional activity during Stroop tasks: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy and EEG simultaneous study
Authors: Chen Zemeng , Ji Xiang , Li Ting , Gao Chenyang , Li Guorui , Liu Shuyu , Zhang Yingyuan 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionConflict monitoring and processing is an important part of the human cognitive system, it plays a key role in many studies of cognitive disorders.MethodsBased on a Chinese word-color match Stroop task, which included incongruent and neutral stimuli, the Electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals were recorded simultaneously. The Pearson correlation coefficient matrix was calculated to analyze brain connectivity based on EEG signals. Granger Causality (GC) method was employed to analyze the effective connectivity of bilateral frontal lobes. Wavelet Transform Coherence (WTC) was used to analyze the functional connectivity of the bilateral hemisphere and ipsilateral hemisphere.ResultsResults indicated that brain connectivity analysis on EEG signals did not show any significant lateralization, while fNIRS analysis results showed the frontal lobes especially the left frontal lobe play the leading role in dealing with conflict tasks. The human brain shows leftward lateralization while processing the more complicated incongruent stimuli. This is demonstrated by the higher functional connectivity in the left frontal lobe and the information flow from the left frontal lobe to the right frontal lobe.DiscussionOur findings in brain connectivity during cognitive conflict processing demonstrated that the dual modality method combining EEG and fNIRS is a valuable tool to excavate more information through cognitive and physiological studies.
Research on digital tool in cognitive assessment: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Chen Leian , Zhen Weizhe , Peng Dantao 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThe number of research into new cognitive assessment tools has increased rapidly in recent years, sparking great interest among professionals. However, there is still little literature revealing the current status and future trends of digital technology use in cognitive assessment. The aim of this study was to summarize the development of digital cognitive assessment tools through the bibliometric method.MethodsWe carried out a comprehensive search in the Web of Science Core Collection to identify relevant papers published in English between January 1, 2003, and April 3, 2023. We used the subjects such as “digital,” “computer,” and “cognitive,” and finally 13,244 related publications were collected. Then we conducted the bibliometric analysis by Bibliometrix” R-package, VOSviewer and CiteSpace software, revealing the prominent countries, authors, institutions, and journals.Results11,045 articles and 2,199 reviews were included in our analyzes. The number of annual publications in this field was rising rapidly. The results showed that the most productive countries, authors and institutions were primarily located in economically developed regions, especially the North American, European, and Australian countries. Research cooperation tended to occur in these areas as well. The application of digital technology in cognitive assessment appealed to growing attention during the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic.ConclusionDigital technology uses have had a great impact on cognitive assessment and health care. There have been substantial papers published in these areas in recent years. The findings of the study indicate the great potential of digital technology in cognitive assessment.
Machine vs. human, who makes a better judgment on innovation? Take GPT-4 for example
Authors: Du Mark 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionHuman decision-making is a complex process that is often influenced by various external and internal factors. One such factor is noise, random, and irrelevant influences that can skew outcomes.MethodsThis essay uses the CAT test and computer simulations to measure creativity.ResultsEvidence indicates that humans are intrinsically prone to noise, leading to inconsistent and, at times, inaccurate decisions. In contrast, simple rules demonstrate a higher level of accuracy and consistency, while artificial intelligence demonstrates an even higher capability to process vast data and employ logical algorithms.DiscussionThe potential of AI, particularly its intuitive capabilities, might be surpassing human intuition in specific decision-making scenarios. This raises crucial questions about the future roles of humans and machines in decision-making spheres, especially in domains where precision is paramount.
Deep learning model of hiss waves in the plasmasphere and plumes and their effects on radiation belt electrons
Authors: Huang Sheng , Li Wen , Ma Qianli , Shen Xiao-Chen , Capannolo Luisa , Hanzelka Miroslav , Chu Xiangning , Ma Donglai , Bortnik Jacob , Wing Simon 
Published: August 2023

Hiss waves play an important role in removing energetic electrons from Earth’s radiation belts by precipitating them into the upper atmosphere. Compared to plasmaspheric hiss that has been studied extensively, the evolution and effects of plume hiss are less understood due to the challenge of obtaining their global observations at high cadence. In this study, we use a neural network approach to model the global evolution of both the total electron density and the hiss wave amplitudes in the plasmasphere and plume. After describing the model development, we apply the model to a storm event that occurred on 14 May 2019 and find that the hiss wave amplitude first increased at dawn and then shifted towards dusk, where it was further excited within a narrow region of high density, namely, a plasmaspheric plume. During the recovery phase of the storm, the plume rotated and wrapped around Earth, while the hiss wave amplitude decayed quickly over the nightside. Moreover, we simulated the overall energetic electron evolution during this storm event, and the simulated flux decay rate agrees well with the observations. By separating the modeled plasmaspheric and plume hiss waves, we quantified the effect of plume hiss on energetic electron dynamics. Our simulation demonstrates that, under relatively quiet geomagnetic conditions, the region with plume hiss can vary from L = 4 to 6 and can account for up to an 80% decrease in electron fluxes at hundreds of keV at L &gt; 4 over 3 days. This study highlights the importance of including the dynamic hiss distribution in future simulations of radiation belt electron dynamics.
Evaluation of a novel chlorine dioxide-based packaging technology to reduce human enteric virus contamination on refrigerated tomatoes and blueberries
Authors: Goulter Rebecca M. , Frye Jason W. , Kerr William L. , Richard Angela , Johnston Michael , Jaykus Lee-Ann 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionChlorine dioxide (ClO2) is a promising antimicrobial with various food applications, one of those being inclusion in packaging. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a novel ClO2-based antimicrobial packaging system (InvisiShield™) for its efficacy against human norovirus (hNoV) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) in refrigerated fresh produce.MethodsGrape tomatoes or blueberries were placed in polypropylene trays and selectively inoculated with 6.0 log10 hNoV Genome Equivalent Copies (GEC; 20% stool suspension) or 6.2 log10 HAV GEC (cell culture lysate). Trays were heat sealed with a three-phase polymer film consisting of a base, channeling agent, and the ClO2 active (treatment); or control (no active) film and stored at 7°C for 24, 48 h, and 7 days. At each timepoint, the product was collected and processed for virus concentration using the sequential steps of elution and polyethylene glycol precipitation. Viruses in extracts were quantified using RNase-RT-qPCR.Results and discussionLog10 reductions (LR) in hNoV GEC for tomatoes were 2.2 ± 1.3, 2.9 ± 0.7, and 3.6 ± 0.3, after 24, 48 h and 7 days, respectively. For blueberries, hNoV LR were 1.4 ± 0.7, 1.7 ± 0.5, and 2.7 ± 0.2 GEC, respectively. Hepatitis A virus GEC LR were 0.4 ± 0.2, 1.0 ± 0.1, and 2.1 ± 0.7 for tomatoes, and 0.1 ± 0.2, 1.2 ± 0.4, and 3.2 ± 0.2 for blueberries, after 24, 48 h and 7 days, respectively. Position of the fruit in the tray did not affect inactivation (p &gt; 0.05). Sensory analysis on the treated tomato products revealed no statistically significant difference in appearance, flavor and texture attributes compared to the control. This novel ClO2-based antimicrobial packaging system effectively reduced concentrations of hNoV and HAV, as evaluated using reduction in GEC as proxy for infectivity, on grape tomatoes and blueberries after one day, with efficacy improving over 7 days of refrigerated storage. This technology shows promise as an antiviral treatment as applied to refrigerated fresh produce items.
A Novel Autonomous Landing Method for Flying–Walking Power Line Inspection Robots Based on Prior Structure Data
Authors: Zeng Yujie , Qin Xinyan , Li Bo , Lei Jin , Zhang Jie , Wang Yanqi , Feng Tianming 
Published: August 2023

Hybrid inspection robots have been attracting increasing interest in recent years, and are suitable for inspecting long-distance overhead power transmission lines (OPTLs), combining the advantages of flying robots (e.g., UAVs) and climbing robots (e.g., multiple-arm robots). Due to the complex work conditions (e.g., power line slopes, complex backgrounds, wind interference), landing on OPTL is one of the most difficult challenges faced by hybrid inspection robots. To address this problem, this study proposes a novel autonomous landing method for a developed flying–walking power line inspection robot (FPLIR) based on prior structure data. The proposed method includes three main steps: (1) A color image of the target power line is segmented using a real-time semantic segmentation network, fusing the depth image to estimate the position of the power line. (2) The safe landing area (SLA) is determined using prior structure data, applying the trajectory planning method with geometric constraints to generate the dynamic landing trajectory. (3) The landing trajectory is tracked using real-time model predictive control (MPC), controlling FPLIR to land on the OPTL. The feasibility of the proposed method was verified in the ROS Gazebo environment. The RMSE values of the position along three axes were 0.1205,0.0976 and 0.0953, respectively, while the RMSE values of the velocity along these axes were 0.0426, 0.0345 and 0.0781. Additionally, experiments in a real environment using FPLIR were performed to verify the validity of the proposed method. The experimental results showed that the errors of position and velocity for the FPLIR landing on the lines were 6.18×10−2 m and 2.16×10−2 m/s. The simulation results as well as the experimental findings both satisfy the practical requirements. The proposed method provides a foundation for the intelligent inspection of OPTL in the future.
E-health intervention for preventing recurrent ankle sprains: a randomised controlled trial in general practice
Authors: Mailuhu Adinda KE , Verhagen Evert ALM , van Ochten John , Bindels Patrick JE , Bierma-Zeinstra Sita MA , van Middelkoop Marienke 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAnkle sprains are frequent injuries in general practice. However, no effective treatment is available yet.AimTo examine the effectiveness of an unsupervised e-health-supported neuromuscular training programme in combination with usual care compared with usual care alone in patients with acute lateral ankle sprains in general practice.Design and settingRandomised controlled trial with 1-year follow-up among patients (14–65 years) who visited the GP with an acute lateral ankle sprain within 3 weeks of injury.MethodThe intervention group received, in addition to usual care, an unsupervised e-health-supported neuromuscular training programme and the control group received usual care alone. The primary outcome was self-reported re-sprains during 52 weeks of follow-up. Secondary outcomes were ankle function, pain in rest and during activity, subjective recovery, and return to the same type and level of sport.ResultsIn total, 165 participants (mean age 38.3 years and 69 [41.8%] male) were included. No statistically significant difference in the occurrence of a re-sprain were found between the intervention 20.7% (17/82) and control group 24.1% (20/83) (hazard ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval = 0.59 to 2.21). Also, no statistically significant differences in secondary outcomes were found between groups. The adherence rate to the programme was low (6.1%, 5/82).ConclusionThe rate of re-sprains was relatively high and an unsupervised e-health-supported neuromuscular training programme does not yield meaningful effects and does not encourage adherence in preventing re-sprains in patients in general practice. More research is necessary to indicate the best treatment modality and way of delivery for these patients.
Inteligencia emocional en la educación a distancia
Authors: Antezana Huillca Sonia Elizabeth , Chero Pacheco Delia Rocío 
Published: August 2023

La pandemia por la COVID-19 generó un cambio abrupto en la educación dado que se pasó de la forma presencial a la modalidad virtual o a distancia; fue una situación desafiante tanto para los estudiantes como para los maestros. El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los aportes sobre Inteligencia emocional en la educación a distancia. La metodología consistió en una revisión sistemática de la literatura académica, además de que se consultó a los gestores de información Scopus, WOS y Scielo. Primero se realizó la búsqueda con los descriptores inteligencia emocional; educación a distancia y pandemia; utilizando los operadores boléanos. Se concluyó que, la inteligencia emocional contribuyó a apaciguar el agotamiento de llevar clases remotas, así como fortaleció las aptitudes resilientes en situaciones que se requerían de ellas.
Undergraduate Tutorial for Simulating Flocking with the Vicsek Model
Authors: Tabatabai A. Pasha , Thomson MacQuarrie , Keller Reece 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
There are many instances of collective behaviors in the natural world. For example, eukaryotic cells coordinate their motion to heal wounds; bacteria swarm during colony expansion; defects in alignment in growing bacterial populations lead to biofilm growth; and birds move within dynamic flocks. Although the details of how these groups behave vary across animals and species, they share the same qualitative feature: they exhibit collective behaviors that are not simple extensions of details associated with the motion of an individual. To learn more about these biological systems, we propose studying these systems through the lens of the foundational Vicsek model. Here, we present the process of building this computational model from scratch in a tutorial format that focuses on building the appropriate skills of an undergraduate student. In doing so, an undergraduate student should be able to work alongside this article, the corresponding tutorial, and the original manuscript of the Vicsek model to build their own model. We conclude by summarizing some of the current work involving computational modeling of flocking with Vicsek-type models.
Effect of nanostructuring on thermoelectric performance of SiGe thin films
Authors: Koike Sota , Yanagisawa Ryoto , Kurosawa Masashi , Jha Rajveer , Tsujii Naohito , Mori Takao , Nomura Masahiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We experimentally investigated the effect of nanostructuring on the thermoelectric performance of SiGe thin films. Nanoscale porous structures were fabricated using lithography in a top-down approach to reduce the thermal conductivity of the thin films and the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) was evaluated. The thermal conductivity of nanostructured SiGe thin films is up to 24% lower than that of thin film without nanostructure while the electrical conductivity is up to about 19% lower, resulting in a 4% increase in ZT value to 0.041 at RT. Since the mean free path (MFP) of phonons in SiGe is short compared to the characteristic length of the nanostructures, the effect of nanostructuring on thermoelectric performance is limited. Nanostructuring is known as a promising method to increase ZT values. However, it is only effective when the thermal phonon MFPs are comparable to the characteristic length of the nanostructure.
Diagnóstico dos Repositórios de Dados no Brasil
Authors: Couto Corrêa da Silva Fabiano , Santos Witt Amanda , Weber Umpierre Larissa , George Wendt Lucas , Krieger Bohnert Michele , Silva Wessfll Wagner 
Published: August 2023

Os dados digitais se tornaram essenciais para alavancar a pesquisa científica. Em parte, servem a um papel puramente funcional e efêmero, mas sua importância se torna permanente e o seu valor como substrato da comunicação científica pode aumentar ou diminuir, dependendo das demandas e usos a que são destinados. Nesse contexto, a preservação dos dados passou a ser uma demanda tanto para pesquisadores quanto para universidades e centros de pesquisa. Em resposta, no Brasil têm surgido diferentes repositórios, servindo para armazenar os dados em variadas áreas do conhecimento. A presente pesquisa tem o objetivo de localizar repositórios que reúnem dados primários de pesquisa científica no Brasil. Para realizá-lo, foram empreendidas buscas nos diretórios Re3Data, OpenDoar, ROAR e revisão dos repositórios das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior cadastradas no Ministério da Educação. Isto possibilitou a localização de 20 repositórios que abrangem dados e a análise das suas principais características em relação às áreas de cobertura temática e aos padrões de preservação. Os dados obtidos demonstram que, embora a maioria dos repositórios disponibilizem alinhamento com padrões internacionais, alguns não apresentam infraestruturas adequadas para os conjuntos de dados disponibilizados. Considera-se que pode haver falha na gestão de determinados repositórios, mas a maioria oferece adequação às necessidades para disponibilização e busca dos dados científicos em todos os indicadores.