bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of a Remote Monitoring Blood Pressure Device in Pregnancy
Authors: Oben Ayamo , Moore Matthew , Wallace Eric , Muntner Paul , Oparil Suzanne , Tita Alan , Sinkey Rachel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
The Ideal Life Blood Pressure Manager measures blood pressure (BP) and automatically transmits results to the patient’s medical record independent of internet access, but has not been validated. Our objective was to conduct a validation study of the Ideal Life BP Manager in pregnant women using a validation protocol.

Methods
Pregnant participants were enrolled into three subgroups per the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization protocol: normotensive (systolic blood pressure (SBP) &lt; 140 and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) &lt; 90), hypertensive without proteinuria (SBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90), and preeclampsia (SBP ≥ 140 or DBP ≥ 90 with proteinuria). Two trained research staff used a mercury sphygmomanometer to validate the device, alternating sphygmomanometer, and device readings for a total of 9 measurements.

Results
Among 51 participants, the mean SBP and DBP differences and standard deviations between the device and the mean staff measurements for all participants were 1.7 ± 7.1 and 1.5 ± 7.0 mm Hg, respectively. The standard deviations of the individual participant’s paired device and mean staff SBP and DBP measurements were 6.0 and 6.4 mm Hg, respectively. The device was more likely to overestimate rather than underestimate BP (SBP: mean difference = 1.67, 95% CI [−12.15 to 15.49]; DBP: mean difference = 1.51, 95% CI [−12.26 to 15.28]). Most paired readings had a difference of less than 10 mm Hg across averaged paired readings.

Conclusion
The Ideal Life BP Manager met internationally recognized validity criteria in this sample of pregnant women.
Ivabradine-Induced Bradycardia is Accompanied by Reduced Stress-Related Anxiety
Authors: Woodman Ryan , Student Jeffrey , Miller Coleman , Lockette Warren 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Hypertensive individuals with higher heart rates and anxiety have greater cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Despite the correlation between hypertension, heart rate, and anxiety, scant attention has been paid to the effect of hypertension drug therapy on behavioral outcomes in cardiovascular disease. Ivabradine, an inhibitor of hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated funny channels (HCNs), has been used clinically to reduce heart rates and has been shown to improve quality of life in patients with angina and heart failure. We postulated that in addition to lowering heart rate, ivabradine could reduce anxiety in mice exposed to a significant stress paradigm.

METHODS
Mice underwent a stress induction protocol, subsequently they received either vehicle or ivabradine (10 mg/kg) via osmotic minipumps. Blood pressure and heart rates were measured with tail cuff photoplethysmography. Anxiety was assessed quantitatively through the open field test (OFT) and the elevated plus maze (EPM). Cognition was assessed with an object recognition test (ORT). Pain tolerance was measured by the hot plate test or subcutaneous injection of formalin. HCN gene expression was measured with RT-PCR.

RESULTS
Ivabradine reduced resting heart rate in the stressed mice by 22%. Stressed mice treated with ivabradine displayed significantly greater exploratory behavior in the OFT, EPM, and ORT. The expression of central HCN channels was significantly reduced following stress.

CONCLUSION
It is suggested from our findings that ivabradine can reduce anxiety following significant psychological stress. Reductions in heart rate may directly improve quality of life by reducing anxiety in patients with hypertension and high heart rates.
Diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of patients with oesophagogastric cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: national study
Authors: Baxter Mark A , Khan Khurram S , Gall Lewis S , Samuelson Catherine , McCollum Catherine , Chuntamongkol Rongkagorn , Narramneni Lakshmi R , Al-Zuabi Manaf , Bryce Gavin , Shareef Hala E J , Forshaw Matthew , Petty Russell D 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
The national response to COVID-19 has had a significant impact on cancer services. This study investigated the effect of national lockdown on diagnosis, management, and outcomes of patients with oesophagogastric cancers in Scotland.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included consecutive new patients presenting to regional oesophagogastric cancer multidisciplinary teams in National Health Service Scotland between October 2019 and September 2020. The study interval was divided into before and after lockdown, based on the first UK national lockdown. Electronic health records were reviewed and results compared.

Results
Some 958 patients with biopsy-proven oesophagogastric cancer in 3 cancer networks were included: 506 (52.8 per cent) before and 452 (47.2 per cent) after lockdown. Median age was 72 (range 25–95) years and 630 patients (65.7 per cent) were men. There were 693 oesophageal (72.3 per cent) and 265 gastric (27.7 per cent) cancers. Median time to gastroscopy was 15 (range 0–337) days before versus 19 (0–261) days after lockdown (P &lt; 0.001). Patients were more likely to present as an emergency after lockdown (8.5 per cent before versus 12.4 per cent after lockdown; P = 0.005), had poorer Eastern Cooperative Oncology group performance status, were more symptomatic, and presented with a higher stage of disease (stage IV: 49.8 per cent before versus 58.8 per cent after lockdown; P = 0.04). There was a shift to treatment with non-curative intent (64.6 per cent before versus 77.4 per cent after lockdown; P &lt; 0.001). Median overall survival was 9.9 (95 per cent c.i. 8.7 to 11.4) months before and 6.9 (5.9 to 8.3) months after lockdown (HR 1.26, 95 per cent c.i. 1.09 to 1.46; P = 0.002).

Conclusion
This national study has highlighted the adverse impact of COVID-19 on oesophagogastric cancer outcomes in Scotland. Patients presented with more advanced disease and a shift towards treatment with non-curative intent was observed, with a subsequent negative impact on overall survival.
‘Take Power—Vote Liberal’: Jeremy Thorpe, the 1974 Liberal Revival, and the Politics of 1970s Britain
Authors: Sloman Peter 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Liberal Party’s 1972–4 revival under Jeremy Thorpe placed it at the heart of political debate in 1970s Britain—a period marked by inflation, strikes, and recurrent talk of political ‘crisis’. This article explores the evolution of Liberal policy, strategy, and support between 1970 and 1979, and argues that Thorpe and his colleagues were agents as well as beneficiaries of electoral dealignment. As long-standing critics of class politics, Liberals were well placed to exploit voters’ frustrations with Edward Heath and Harold Wilson and to articulate demands for a more collaborative and participatory style of government. Thorpe’s populist critique of the two-party system was backed up by a distinctive plan for economic and political renewal, in which social, industrial, and constitutional reforms would give governments the legitimacy to make incomes policies work. These ideas resonated strongly in the two 1974 general elections, but the Liberals’ new-found support was relatively shallow, and Thorpe’s appeal was waning even before the Norman Scott affair forced his 1976 resignation. The 1970s Liberal revival nevertheless laid important political foundations which the SDP/Liberal Alliance would build on after 1981, as it sought to articulate a centrist alternative to Thatcherism.
Does donor–recipient age mismatch have an influence on outcome after lung transplantation? A single-centre experience
Authors: Franz Maximilian , Aburahma Khalil , Avsar Murat , Boethig Dietmar , Greer Mark , Alhadidi Hani , Sommer Wiebke , Tudorache Igor , Warnecke Gregor , Haverich Axel , Ius Fabio , Salman Jawad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVESLack of organ donors demands transplantation of older lung allografts for recipients between 0 and 50 years. So far, it has not yet been investigated whether donor–recipient age mismatch affects long-term outcome.METHODSRecords of patients aged between 0 and 50 years were retrospectively reviewed. Donor–recipient age mismatch was calculated subtracting recipient age from donor age. Multivariable Cox regression analyses was performed to assess donor–recipient age mismatch regarding the end points’ overall patient mortality, mortality conditioned to hospital discharge, biopsy-confirmed rejection and chronic lung allograft dysfunction. Furthermore, we performed competing risk analysis to analyse if age mismatch affects biopsy-confirmed rejection and CLAD while death being a competing risk.RESULTSBetween January 2010 and September 2021, out of 1363 patients who underwent lung transplantation at our institution, 409 patients fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included. Age mismatch ranged between 0 and 56 years. Multivariable analysis revealed that donor–recipient age mismatch does not affect overall patient mortality (P = 0.19), biopsy-confirmed rejection (P = 0.68) and chronic lung allograft dysfunction (P = 0.42). There was no difference seen in CLAD (P = 0.166) and biopsy-confirmed rejection (P = 0.944) with the competing risk death (P = 0.765 and P = 0.851; respectively).CONCLUSIONSAge mismatch between recipients and donors of lung allografts does not affect long-term outcomes after lung transplantation.
Surgical management of large tracheoesophageal fistula in infants after button battery ingestion
Authors: Avsar Murat , Goecke Tobias , Keil Oliver , Koeditz Harald , Schwerk Nicolaus , Kuebler Joachim F , Horke Alexander , Warnecke Gregor , Haverich Axel , Ure Benno , Zardo Patrick 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVESIn recent years, an increase in severe and even fatal outcomes related to oesophageal or airway button battery (BB) ingestion by infants and small children has been reported. Extensive tissue necrosis caused by lodged BB can lead to major complications, including tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). In these instances, best treatment remains controversial. While small defects may warrant a conservative approach, surgery often remains inevitable in highly complex cases with large TEF. We present a series of small children that underwent successful surgical management by a multidisciplinary team in our institution.METHODSThis is a retrospective analysis of n = 4 patients &lt;18 months undergoing TEF repair from 2018 to 2021.RESULTSSurgical repair under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support was feasible in n = 4 patients by reconstructing the trachea with decellularized aortic homografts that were buttressed with pedicled latissimus dorsi muscle flaps. While direct oesophageal repair was feasible in 1 patient, 3 required esophagogastrostomy and secondary repair. The procedure was completed successfully in all 4 children with no mortality and acceptable morbidity.CONCLUSIONSTracheo-oesophageal repair after BB ingestion remains challenging and is associated with major morbidity. Bioprosthetic materials in conjunction with the interposition of vascularized tissue flaps between trachea and oesophagus appear to be a valid approach to manage severe cases.
The Association of Global and Disease-Related Stress With Susceptibility to and Use of E-Cigarettes and Marijuana Among Adolescents With Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Fox Kristen R , Ferketich Amy K , Groner Judith A , Rausch Joseph R , Garg Vidu , Grant Victoria R , Neville Steven P , Cua Clifford L , Jackson Jamie L 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
Adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) are exposed to disease-related stressors and have elevated risk for cardiovascular and cognitive complications that are exacerbated by e-cigarettes and marijuana. The aims of this cross-sectional study are to: (1) identify the association between perceived global and disease-related stress and susceptibility to e-cigarettes and marijuana, (2) determine if the association between stress and susceptibility differs by gender, and (3) explore the association between stress and ever use of e-cigarettes and marijuana among adolescents with CHD;

Methods
Adolescents with CHD (N = 98; aged 12–18 years) completed self-report measures of susceptibility to/ever use of e-cigarettes and marijuana and global and disease-related stress;

Results
Susceptibility to e-cigarettes and marijuana was reported by 31.3% and 40.2% of adolescents, respectively. Ever use of e-cigarettes and marijuana was reported by 15.3% and 14.3% of adolescents, respectively. Global stress was associated with susceptibility to and ever use of e-cigarettes and marijuana. Disease-related stress was associated with susceptibility to marijuana. Females reported more global and disease-related stress than males, but the association of stress with susceptibility to e-cigarettes and marijuana did not differ by gender.

Conclusions
Susceptibility to e-cigarettes and marijuana is common among adolescents with CHD and is associated with stress. Future work to examine the longitudinal associations between susceptibility, stress, and use of e-cigarettes and marijuana is warranted. Global stress may be an important consideration in the development of strategies to prevent these risky health behaviors among adolescents with CHD.
Hierarchical dynamic modelling for individualized Bayesian forecasting
Authors: Yanchenko Anna K , Deng Di Daniel , Li Jinglan , Cron Andrew J , West Mike 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a case study and methodological developments in large-scale hierarchical dynamic modelling for personalized prediction in commerce. The context is supermarket sales, where improved forecasting of household-specific purchasing behaviour informs decisions about personalized pricing and promotions. This setting involves many thousands of heterogeneous customers and items. Models developed are fully Bayesian, interpretable and multi-scale, with hierarchical forms overlaid on the inherent structure of the retail setting. Customer behavior is modelled at several levels of aggregation, and information flows from aggregate to individual levels. Methodological innovations include extensions of Bayesian dynamic mixture models, their integration into multi-scale systems, and forecast evaluation with context-specific metrics. The use of simultaneous predictors from multiple hierarchical levels improves forecasts at the customer-item level of main interest.
The Religious Adequacy of a Euteleological Theism
Authors: Bishop John , Perszyk Ken 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter replies to the objection that no coherent sense can be made of key religious practices such as worship and prayer under a non-personalist understanding of theism such as the euteleological one. In particular, a response is given to Brian Leftow’s argument that a non-personal God is not a conceptually appropriate object of worship. This response includes critical discussion of some aspects of an account of worship given by Nicholas Wolterstorff. A positive euteleological account of worship is offered, and defended as religiously viable. Right relationship is at the heart of authentic worship, but, on a euteleological account, this is not to be understood as relationship to or with some other supremely great individual being. Rather, it is right relationship to ‘eutelic’ reality as directed upon realizing the supreme good. Worship, in a broad sense, is a matter of practical commitment to a whole ethos and way of life rooted in a cognitive and affective orientation to reality which places God at the centre (an orientation consistent with reflective understanding that God-as-a-being is a cognitive analogical construction, apt for enabling right human responses to ultimate divine reality). Prayer fits into this picture too, when understood as the work of aligning human wills with the divine will, which a Christian euteleological theism may understand as the exercise of the power of agapē-love. Worship of God, and of God alone, and prayer to God, thus remain well-founded practices under a euteleological understanding of theism.
The Darling of the Greeks Turns into a Tyrant
Authors: Nicholson Emma 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 2 questions the historicity of Polybius’ claim that Philip underwent a turn for the worse from 215 bc, changing from the ‘darling of the Greeks’ into a treacherous tyrant. It offers close readings of two key, connected episodes in Polybius’ construction of Philip’s character arc, the sack of Thermum in 218 bc and the attempt on Messene in 215 bc, and investigates how the interpretation of these episodes has been heavily impacted by Polybius’ political and didactic motives. It highlights how rhetorical and literary tropes (e.g. the laws of war, and a polarized case study of good and bad advisers) have been used to exaggerate historical events and contrive a narrative that presents Philip as an increasingly negative character and defends Aratus of Sicyon from criticisms of ineffectiveness in deterring the king’s aggression towards Messene and the rest of the Greek world.
Philip V and His Greek Allies
Authors: Nicholson Emma 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 3 proceeds from the arguments in Chapter 2 and problematizes Polybius’ construction of Philip as an increasingly treacherous tyrant in his dealings with his Greek allies in his early and middling years. It aims to revise our understanding of this relationship by demonstrating that, despite the historian’s claims of treachery and deceit, Philip was a dedicated and energetic ally who supported and aided his Greek allies consistently until his defeat by Rome. It begins by noting the need for a clear distinction between Greek allies, neutrals, and enemies in assessing Philip’s activity, and surveys Polybius’ and Livy’s narratives between the years 221 and 196 bc documenting the king’s interactions with the Greek states. It finishes by discussing the varying loyalty of Philip’s Greek allies in the build-up to the battle of Cynoscephalae and highlighting how many allies in fact remained attached to Macedon until the king’s defeat, throwing into question Polybius’ claims about treachery, tyranny and violence.
Defending the Constitution, But Which One? The Indonesian Military, Constitutional Change, and Political Contestation, 1945–2020
Authors: Mietzner Marcus 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Indonesia’s military has habitually emphasized its loyalty to the Constitution. But as this chapter demonstrates, the generals’ support for the Constitution has been selective. At the beginning of the Republic, the military regularly ignored the principle of civilian supremacy enshrined in the initial 1945 Constitution. When that Constitution was set aside in important parts in October 1945, and when two new Constitutions were issued in quick succession in 1950, the military grew even more reluctant to endorse key constitutional guidelines. The military leadership subsequently supported Sukarno’s autocratic takeover in 1959, which restored the original 1945 Constitution—a document that the generals preferred to the Constitutions of 1950. From thereon, the military highlighted its support for the 1945 Constitution as it served as the basis for Sukarno’s and—after 1965—Suharto’s authoritarian regime. After Suharto’s fall in 1998, the military elite campaigned against wide-ranging amendments to the 1945 Constitution, at one point proposing to annul all amendments already made. The chapter shows that the military has adopted an ambiguous attitude towards the amended Constitution ever since, formally pledging support for it but frequently voicing opposition to some of its most crucial contents. Thus, the military’s expression of loyalty to the Constitution must be understood as support for a historical document that was only in force briefly in 1945 and then from 1959 to 1998—its allegiance to other active Constitutions, in place between 1945 and 1959 and after 1998, is much more circumspect.
Making Social Rights Real? The 1945 Constitution and Social Rights Litigation in Indonesia
Authors: Rosser Andrew 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Between 1999 and 2002, the Supreme Deliberative Council (MPR) amended the 1945 Constitution to, among other things, incorporate new provisions providing for better protection of social rights. This chapter assesses the impact of these changes, focusing on legal mobilization related to the rights to education and health. It makes four main claims. The first is that such legal mobilization has typically been collective in orientation, focusing on policy-related matters rather than individual claims. The second is that it has had a positive effect vis-à-vis the fulfilment of social rights in Indonesia because it has precipitated policy changes that helped to enforce or realize these rights. The third is that this outcome has been supported by—and conditional upon—a number of factors including the presence of judicial and health institutions that have limited the scope for citizens to engage in individually focused litigation and—instead—enabled them to engage in collectively oriented litigation; and the presence of non-governmental organizations that have had a strong commitment to social rights, the financial and technical resources to mobilize the law, and the ability to forge alliances with and mobilize popular forces. Fourth, and finally, it suggests that some of these conditions may no longer hold, raising doubts about the likely effectiveness of social rights litigation as a strategy for citizens to promote fulfilment of social rights in the foreseeable future.
Indigeneity in the Indonesian Constitution
Authors: Arizona Yance 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Many post-colonial countries encountered a problem incorporating traditional political institutions and customary land rights into the new constitution. Constitution-makers faced a dilemma between preserving legal pluralism inherited by the colonial government or developing a new national law for a modern state. This chapter discusses that dilemma by focusing on the recognition of traditional political institutions and customary land rights in the constitution-making process in Indonesia. By analysing minutes of the meetings of the constitution-making process and the political context of the implementation of the constitution, this chapter finds that constitution-makers and lawmakers instituted conditional recognition clauses to recognize indigeneity to the extent it is consistent with national interests. The conditionalities for recognition of indigeneity are changing over time, based on the economic and political interests of the government. Constitution-makers and lawmakers were concerned with the conditional recognition clause as a means to manage and control indigenous identity in accordance with the pursuit of modern national law.
Cotton Mather and the First Resurrection
Authors: Trigg Christopher 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 2 discusses the resurrection theology of Cotton Mather (1663–1728), one of the most influential New England Puritan thinkers. Scholars have taken at face value Puritan claims that national identities would not carry over into the world to come. However, Mather was closely concerned with the position of New England in the millennial earth. He believed that the dead elect would be resurrected at the beginning of the millennium to serve as the governors of the kingdom of Christ. Although Congregationalists in America and Nonconformists in England seemed peripheral to the present political order, they were members of a party destined to rule over the planet. To support his claims about the continuity of personal and collective identity after death, Mather developed the idea of the Nishmath-Chajim, a semispiritual substance that enabled the soul to survive the death of the body and would facilitate the process of resurrection.