bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Disparitas Pidana dalam Pertimbangan Putusan Hakim Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan Berencana
Authors: Santi Livia Musfika 
Published: May 2023

<p><strong>Abstrak:</strong> Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dasar pertimbangan hukum hakim dalam putusan nomor 39/Pid.B/2019/PN.Byl dan putusan nomor 181/Pid.B/2020/PN.Skh yang menimbulkan disparitas pidana terhadap pelaku pembunuhan berencana. pembunuhan, serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya disparitas pidana tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang perskriptif dan terapan. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kasus. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah bahan hukum primer dan sekunder dengan menggunakan studi literatur. Teknik analisis bahan hukum dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode silogisme dalam menganalisis pola pikir deduktif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam kedua putusan tersebut terdapat disparitas pidana dalam pertimbangan putusan hakim terhadap kedua pelaku yang sama-sama melakukan tindak pidana pembunuhan berencana. Faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya disparitas pidana adalah faktor-faktor yang memberatkan dan meringankan, latar belakang perbuatan terdakwa, akibat perbuatan terdakwa, tujuan pemidanaan, dan sikap terdakwa di persidangan. </p><p>Kata kunci: Disparitas kriminal; Pembunuhan berencana; Pertimbangan putusan hakim</p><p><strong>Abstract:</strong> This research is aimed o determine the basic of the judge’s legal considerations in the verdict number 39/Pid.B/2019/PN.Byl and verdict number 181/Pid.B/2020/PN.Skh that cause criminal disparities against perpetrators of premeditated murder, as well as the factors that influence the occurrence of these criminal disparities. This research is a perscriptive and applied normative legal research. The approach of this research is using case approach. Sources of legal materials used are the primary and secondary legal materials using literature studies. The legal materials analysis technique in this research uses syllogism method in analyzing the deductive mindset. The result of this research shows that in these two decisions there is a criminal disparity in the consideration of the judge’s decision against the two perpetrators who both committed the crime of premeditated murder. The factors that cause the criminal disparity are aggravating and allevating factors, the background of the defendant’s actions, the consequences of the defendant’s actions, the purpose of punishment, and the defendant’s attitude at court.</p><p>Keywords: criminal disparity; premeditated murder; considerations of judges’s decision </p>
Perbedaan Pendapatan Pedagang Sebelum dan Sesudah Adanya Tol Cipali Di Sepanjang Jalur Pantura Desa Eretan Kabupaten Indramayu
Authors: Hasyim Asyari Wahid 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pendapatan pedagang di sepanjang Jalan Pantura Desa Eretan Kulon Indramayu setelah beroprasinya Jalan Tol Cipali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan membandingkan tingkat pendapatan sebelum dan sesudah adanya pembangunan jalan Tol Cipali. Populasi dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 50 responden dan merupakan penelitian populasi. Teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan Uji T berpasangan.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan terjadinya perbedaan tingkat pendapatan yang di dapatkan oleh pedagang dan berdampak pada mata pencaharian. Perubahan tingkat pendapatan dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terjadi penurunan pendapatan pedagang di sepanjang Jalur Pantura Eretan dengan rata-rata berkurang Rp.5.544.000 perbulan, hal ini di alami oleh seluruh responden dalam penelitian ini yang terdiri dari pedagang toko kelontong, jasa otomotif, hingga rumah makan. Perubahan pendapatan dari responden ini di iringi dengan perbedaan pola keruangan yang berada di sepanjang Jalur Pantura Indramayu Khsusnya Desa Eretan Wetan, yang dahulunya menjadi pola industri rumah makan yang menjajikan sekarang harus tutup karena kekurangan pelanggan, perubahan keruangan ini yang menjadi dampak timbal balik antara pembangunan Jalan Tol Cipali.
Analisis Potensi Wisata Sungai Cipamingkis Desa Sukanegara Kecamatan Jonggol
Authors: Jhofiroh Yahya Laelani , Muzani  
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan secara detail dan mendalam bagaimana potensi wisata sungai Cipamingkis di Desa Sukanegara Kecamatan Jonggol. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian kualitatif yang digunakan adalah studi kasus. Penelitian studi kasus adalah suatu model yang menekankan pada pengembangan suatu sistem yang terbatas pada satu atau beberapa kasus rinci yang melibatkan berbagai sumber informasi dengan melakukan penggalian data secara mendalam.
Hasil penelitian ini mengidentifikasi bahwa Kawasan Sungai Cipamingkis memberikan peluang yang tinggi untuk dikembangkan sebagai objek wisata. Kawasan Wisata Sungai Cipamingkis belum berkembang pesat. Saat ini termasuk dalam destinasi wisata alternatif milik Desa Sukanegara, Kecamatan Jonggol. Kawasan Wisata Sungai Cipamingkis memiliki potensi yang dapat menunjang pembangunan seperti adanya lingkungan alam yang baik dengan nilai-nilai yang dapat digali lebih dalam dari potensi kawasan. Pengembangan potensi kawasan wisata Sungai Cipamingkis perlu dikembangkan yaitu menciptakan daya tarik wisata berbasis karakteristik alam, menciptakan akses pengalaman petualangan yang nyaman dan menarik, memperkuat karakteristik vegetasi.
SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN MUSLIM COUNTRIES: IBN KHALDUN’S DEVELOPMENT MODEL-BASED APPROACH
Authors: Pratiwi Ira Eka 
Published: May 2023

This study constructs a measure of socioeconomic development in Muslim countries based on Ibn Khaldun’s model of development. It proposes a composite index of development based on three dimensions, namely human empowerment, government and institution, and economic growth, and terms it as Ibn Khaldun-based socioeconomic development index (I-SDI). A total of 13 indicators are selected to represent each dimension and are employed for construction of the index using an equal weighted method and additive aggregation approach. In generally, we note that many Muslim countries are underperformed., as indicated by the low value of I-SDI. We further find that Muslim countries that perform well in government and institution dimensions tend to experience better socioeconomic development. We believe that the proposed I-SDI is non-redundant and robust and hence can be utilized as an alternative way of measuring the development in Muslim countries. In other words, the Ibn Khaldun’s model of development is exceptionally meaningful in explaining the socio-economic performance of Muslim countries.
FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF A FIRM: DEBT-BASED OR EQUITY-BASED FINANCING TO PURSUE?
Authors: Sha'ari Umul Ain'syah , Hamzah Siti Raihana Bt , Kamil Karmila Hanim 
Published: May 2023

This study examines the potential of utilizing equity-based financing by companies in achieving financial sustainability as compared to debt-based financing. To this end, a conceptual framework of equity-based financing over debt-based financing is developed to provide an understanding of the concept of equity-based financing. Subsequently, this study analyses the credit risk exposure between equity and debt for selected sectors in Malaysia. More specifically, a Monte Carlo method is employed to examine the feasibility of the equity-based financing model in fostering the financial sustainability of companies through simulation of equity-based and debt-based financing models from the global financial crisis (GFC) period to the Covid-19 phase. This study finds that equity-based financing can reduce credit risk exposure when returns are tied to the company’s performance. The findings also show that equity-based financing can achieve financial sustainability regardless of any economic events. To conclude, equity-based financing can thus be a viable capital financing option for companies because it can contribute to long-term financial sustainability.
Hyperspectral Confocal Imaging for High-Throughput Readout and Analysis of Bio-Integrated Laser Particles
Authors: Titze Vera M , Caixeiro Soraya , Dinh Vinh San , König Matthias , Rübsam Matthias , Pathak Nachiket , Niessen Carien M , Schubert Marcel , Gather Malte C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Integrating laser particles into live cells, tissue cultures, and small animals is an emerging and rapidly evolving technique that offers non-invasive interrogation and labelling with unprecedented information density. The bright and distinct spectra of laser particles make this approach particularly attractive for high-throughput applications requiring single-cell specificity, such as multiplexed cell tracking and intracellular biosensing. To be of practical relevance, the implementation of these applications requires high-resolution, high-speed spectral readout and advanced analysis routines, which leads to unique technical challenges. Here, we present a modular protocol consisting of two separate procedures. The first part of our protocol instructs users on how to efficiently integrate different types of laser particles into living cells. The second part presents a workflow for obtaining intracellular lasing spectra with high spectral resolution and up to 125 kHz readout rate and starts from the construction of a custom hyperspectral confocal microscope. We provide guidance on running hyperspectral imaging routines for various experimental design choices and recommend specific workflows for processing the resulting large data sets along with an open-source Python library of functions covering the entire analysis pipeline. The results one can obtain using this protocol are illustrated with three representative experiments: Rapid, large-volume mapping of absolute refractive index using polystyrene microbead laser particles, intracellular sensing to monitor cardiac contractility with polystyrene microbead laser particles, and long-term cell tracking using semiconductor nanodisk laser particles. Our sample preparation and imaging procedures can be completed within two days. Setting up the hyperspectral confocal microscope for laser particle characterization will take users with little prior experience in optical and software engineering <2 weeks to complete.
Gender as a determinant of health in under-five children in Ethiopia; a secondary data analysis from EDHS 2016
Authors: Ketema Elbet , Hassen Saria 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Under-five mortality is one of the key sustainable
development goal targets. Despite the great strides made globally,
Under-five mortality remains high in many developing countries like
Ethiopia. Child health status is determined by a myriad of factors
at the individual, family and community level, furthermore, a
child’s gender has been shown to affect the probability of infant
and child mortality.

Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using
Ethiopian demographic health survey 2016 to assess association
between gender and under-five child health. A representative sample
of 18,008 households was selected. After data cleaning and entry,
analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS) version 23. Uni-variable and multivariable logistic
regression model were employed to determine the association between
under-five child health and gender. In the final multivariable
logistic regression model, the association of gender with childhood
mortality was declared statistically significant at P value<
0.05.

Result: A total of 2,075 under five children from EDHS 2016 were included in the analysis. Majority (92%) were rural dwellers. More male children were found to be underweight (53% Vs 47%) and wasted (56.2% Vs 43.8%) compared to female children. A higher proportions of females were vaccinated (52.2%) compared to 47.8% in males. Health seeking behavior for fever (54.4%) and diarrheal diseases (51.6%) were also found to be higher for females. However, in a multivariable logistic regression model, there was no statistically significant association found between gender and under-five child children health measures.
Conclusion: Although it was not statistically significant association, females were found to have a better health and nutritional outcomes compared to boys in our study.
Reducing continuous synchrony is an inherent property of tree growth in forests
Authors: Zhang Qi-Bin , Jia Hengfeng , Zheng Jiacheng , Fang Ouya , Yang Jing , Langzhen Jia-Yang , Hebda Richard J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Forests play an important role in providing ecosystem services and regulating carbon balance. Modelers rely on the implicit assumption that, under the common climate drivers, trees have similar growth patterns over large spatial scale. Using ring-width sequences of 1046 juniper trees from Tibetan Plateau and 538 pine trees in the eastern China, we show that, although tree growth is influenced by climatic factors, individual trees often do not respond in a synchronous manner. After highly synchronous growth events, the number of trees exhibiting common growth change declined progressively and, notably, the patterns of decline exhibited the form of exponential function with parameter of base b ranging from 0.57-0.83 for juniper forests in Tibetan Plateau and from 0.56-0.72 for pine forests in eastern China. Our findings suggest that individual trees in forests tend to grow independently with respect to climate rather than synchronously, and that a relatively uniform pattern of growth de-synchronization is an inherent property of forest tree growth. We propose that this property is essential for trees collectively to have resilience and maintain forest stability, analogous to maintaining a diverse investment portfolio as a strategy to cope with unexpected risks. This new perspective on widespread non-synchronous radial tree growth sheds insight into fundamental ecological processes in forest resilience and can improve assessment and management of forest health risks under future climate change.
Investigation of Performance Properties of Wool Fabrics Treated with Bromelain from Pineapple Peel Wastes
Authors: Açıkgöz Sena , Keleş Banu Özgen , Okutucu Burcu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The pilling and shrinkage of wool fabrics are major problems in the textile industry. Chemical treatments are used to improve the performance properties of wool fabrics. These chemical processes severely pollute the ecosystem. This study is aimed to use bromelain isolated from pineapple peel waste instead of toxic chemicals used during pretreatments to prevent shrinkage and minimize pilling in the woolen textile industry. Bromelain was isolated from pineapple peels using different techniques and isolated bromelain to be used in the treatment of fabrics was encapsulated. Encapsulation was preferred to increase enzyme stability and reusability and to reduce cost. Area shrinkage, pilling, tensile strength, elongation, and weight loss tests were performed on the treated fabrics. According to the findings of this study, the isolated and encapsulated bromelain from pineapple peel wastes improved the washability of the wool fabric and eliminated the pilling problem. This developed method is sustainable, low cost, high added value, innovative, and environmentally friendly.
Nurses Knowledge and Associated Factors towards Hemodialysis Care at Governmental Dialysis Units in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Fanta Amanuel , Legesse Temesgen , Legesse Tamrat 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hemodialysis is a process of purifying the blood of a person whose kidney is not working normally. Little is known about the nurses’ knowledge and associated factors while caring for patients undergoing hemodialysis. The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and associated factors of hemodialysis among nurses. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional survey design was conducted among dialysis care provider nurses. A total of 62 nurses giving hemodialysis care were included. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 software in logistic regression model. Descriptive statistics were expressed as percentage and frequency. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to measure factors associated with the outcome variable considering P < 0.05 to declare statistical significance. Result: Among the 62 nurses enrolled, about 70% were knowledgeable regarding hemodialysis. Nurses experience in working dialysis [AOR: 10.18 95% CI: 2.18, 47.40)], training of nurses (AOR = 5 95% CI: 1.12–22.20) were significantly associated with the knowledge of nurses regarding hemodialysis care. Conclusion: In this study we found that nurses experience working in hemodialysis and years of work experience were factors affecting their knowledge towards hemodialysis service. Thus, interventions should focus on improving experience and training of nurses regarding hemodialysis care to improve the compressive knowledge of nurses.
Fuzzy PID Control of Electric Vehicle Charging and Discharging System
Authors: Li Jianwei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The speed regulation and stability control performance, mileage and battery life of new energy vehicles have an important impact on the development of electric vehicles. In order to analyze the impact of different discharge control strategies on the speed regulation, battery output voltage and capacity of electric vehicles, the battery discharge model is built by using MATLAB software. By simulating the starting, speed regulation and load changes of electric vehicles, it corresponds to three situations: constant speed starting, sudden change of speed during operation and sudden load, The traditional proportional integral differential controller (PID) and fuzzy PID control strategies are used to simulate and analyze the battery discharge. The results show that the control effect and accuracy of fuzzy PID controller on motor speed, speed regulation response speed and voltage output are better than those of traditional PID controller, which verifies the rationality and stability of the proposed fuzzy PID vector control.
Identification of six genes associated with COVID-19-related Circadian rhythm dysfunction by integrated bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Xu Yanfeng , Zhang Mingyu , Wang Guanyun , Yang Jigang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) might cause long-term burden of insomnia, while the common pathogenic mechanisms are not elucidated.Methods The gene expression profiles of COVID-19 patients and healthy controls were retrieved from the GEO database, while gene set related with circadian rhythm were obtained from Genecards database. The weight gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithms were conducted to identify the most correlated gene module with COVID-19. Functional enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network (PPI) were performed on shared genes between key module and circadian rhythm gene set. Hub genes were identified and gene regulatory networks, immune cell Infiltration evaluation and Drug–Gene interaction were constructed.Results 76 shared genes were screened and mainly enriched in cell cycle, cell division and cell proliferation, and 6 hub genes were found out including CCNA2, CCNB1, CDK1, CHEK1, MKI67 and TOP2A, with positive correlation to plasma cells. In the TF-gene regulatory network, NFYA, NFIC, MEF2A and FOXC1 showed high connectivity with hub genes.Conclusions This study established the co-expression network and identified six hub genes, which might provide new insights into pathogenic mechanisms and novel clinical management strategies.
Cost Benefit Analysis of Alternative Coffee Drying Methods at Limmu Kossa and Gomma I of Horizon Coffee Plantation PLC
Authors: Eshetu Elfinesh Firdissa , Huluka Admassu Tesso 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Around 40% of coffee quality is determined in the field, with the remaining 60% determined by post-harvest processing procedures. This demonstrates the significance of coffee processing in improving quality and value. As a result, this article examines the economic viability of Horizon Coffee Plantation Farm's three coffee drying methods: solar tunnel dryer, artificial dryer, and sun dryer. Several economic viability assessments and cost-benefit analyses are used. Furthermore, for each strategy, switching values and sensitivity analysis were done. According to the findings, the gross margin rate for the solar tunnel is Birr 35 per kg of green, followed by Birr 34.75 for the artificial drier machine and Birr 34.2 for the sun dryer method. Similarly, the artificial dryer method was found to be the most viable, with the highest NPV of Birr 89,292,673, followed by Birr 10,016,909 for the solar tunnel method and Birr 175,295 for the sun dryer method, implying that the firm's methods are all economically viable. The BCR and IRR criteria also confirm the same conclusion. The viability of all drying methods remains nearly constant regardless of the potential in costs of production and sales prices. Because investments in all drying methods are non-mutually exclusive, it is advised that the corporation continue to invest in all three drying methods as long as their NPV is greater than zero. However, this finding should be interpreted with caution because the present rise in fuel prices may make the use of artificial dryer methods more expensive and unviable.
Anti-proliferative effect of leaf phytochemicals of soursop (Annona muricata L.) against human osteosarcoma in vitro
Authors: Shanmugam Haripriya , Narmadha R. , Ravikumar Caroline , Ariyaperumal Kiruthika , Selvakumar R. , Mannu Jayakanthan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Soursop (Annona muricata) is being used in treating various types of cancers and there is no report on effect of soursop leaf phytochemicals against osteosarcoma. Current study identified 28 metabolites from ethyl acetate leaf (EAL) extract through GC-MS chemoprofiling and subjected to in silico analysis against the potential protein target, Platelet Derived Growth Factor Receptor α (PDGFRA) of osteosarcoma, including Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion and Toxicity (ADMET) analysis to identify possible hit compounds. This resulted in three hit leaf bioactives namely, 2’- hydroxy-5’-methyl chalcone, linoleic acid and annonacin showing good binding affinity with a docking score of -7.4, -7.0 and – 6.9 kcal/mol respectively. With ADMET analysis, 2’- hydroxy-5’-methyl chalcone and linoleic acid obeyed Lipkinsi’s rule of five, whereas annonacin showed slight violation. Among the three docked complexes, annonacin exhibited good stability during molecular dynamic simulation performed with PDGFRA. Hence, concentration of the key marker compound, annonacin in EAL concentrate is found to be 5.032± 0.13 mg/g of leaf sample. Further, EAL concentrate exhibited cytotoxicity (IC50 value) on MG-63 osteosarcoma cells in vitro for concentrations ranging from 10 to 25 µg/mL and nuclear imaging of osteoblast cells treated with EAL concentrate at 25 µg/mL concentration exhibited typical symptoms of apoptosis. In vitro cytotoxicity along with nuclear imaging confirmed EAL concentrate from soursop to be a potential drug candidate in developing new anti-cancer agent against osteosarcoma.