bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Magma Mixing in the Petrogenesis of Eocene Ultrapotassic Lavas, Western Yunnan, SW China
Authors: Yang Zongpeng , Hou Tong , Wang Dachuan , Marxer Felix , Wang Meng , Chebotarev Dmitry , Zhang Zhaochong , Zhang Hongluo , Botcharnikov Roman , Holtz François 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMagma mixing is a widespread magmagenic process. However, its significance in the formation of ultrapotassic magmas has been largely overlooked so far as they are commonly thought to originate directly from the mantle and ascend rapidly through the crust. The Hezhong ultrapotassic lavas in Western Yunnan (SW China) are (basaltic) trachy-andesitic in composition. These rocks display porphyritic textures with olivine, clinopyroxene (Cpx), spinel, and phlogopite occurring as both phenocryst and glomerocryst. Disequilibrium textures and complex zonation of crystals are commonly observed. Specifically, based on the textural and compositional characteristics, olivines can be classified into three different populations: two populations are characterized by highly to moderately magnesian olivines with normal chemical core-rim zonation (Fo~94–86 to Fo~89–79 and Fo~91–89 to Fo~86–84, respectively). The third population lacks obvious crystal zonation, but individual crystals exhibit some compositional variety at lower Fo contents (Fo83–76). Similarly, four populations of Cpx and two populations of spinel phenocrysts are recognized in terms of texture and composition. Notably, Cpx with reverse zoning contains a ‘green-core’ surrounded by a colourless mantle and rim. Hence, based on the variations of mineral assemblage, types of inclusions, and chemical compositions, all phenocryst/glomerocryst minerals can be divided into three groups. Mineral Group I (MG I) consists of high Fo cores of olivine, cores of the zoned spinel, and phlogopite. MG II only includes the green cores of reversed zoned Cpx (green-core Cpx), and MG III is composed of micro phenocrysts without obvious zoning and rims of large phenocrysts. Comparing these mineral groups with relevant minerals occurring in typical temporally and spatially associated igneous rocks, we suggest that the MG I and II could have been derived from magmas with compositions resembling an olivine lamproite and a trachyte, respectively. The overall bulk-rock geochemical and isotopic features of Hezhong lavas also agree with a mixing process between these two endmembers. Hence, we infer that mixing between these two magmas played a key role in the petrogenesis of the ultrapotassic Hezhong lavas and that the MG III crystallized from the mixed magmas. Our study highlights the complex formation of ultrapotassic magmas inferring that caution must be taken when using bulk chemical magma compositions are to deduce source signatures.
A Conceptual Model for Spine Surgery Recovery
Authors: Brintz Carrie E. , Coronado Rogelio A. , Schlundt David G. , Haug Jenkins Christine , Bird Mackenzie L. , Bley Jordan A. , Pennings Jacquelyn S. , Wegener Stephen T. , Archer Kristin R. 
Published: December 2022

Study Design.
Qualitative interview study.

Objective.
The aim was to develop a conceptual model for Spine Surgery Recovery in order to better understand why patients undergo lumbar spine surgery and what factors influence patient satisfaction.

Summary of Background Data.
Quantitative studies have assessed patients’ expectations for lumbar spine surgery outcomes, with greater expectation fulfillment leading to higher satisfaction. However, there is limited literature using qualitative methods to understand the patient perspective from the decision to undergo lumbar spine surgery through long-term recovery.

Materials and Methods.
Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 20 participants (nine females, mean age ±SD=61.2±11.1 yr) and three focus groups with 12 participants (nine females, mean age ±SD=62.0±10.9 yr). Sessions were audio recorded and transcribed. Two independent researchers coded the transcripts using a hierarchical coding system. Major themes were identified and a conceptual model was developed.

Results.
A total of 1355 coded quotes were analyzed. The decision to have lumbar spine surgery was influenced by chronic pain impact on daily function, pain coping, and patient expectations. Results demonstrated that fulfilled expectations and setting realistic expectations are key factors for patient satisfaction after surgery, while less known constructs of accepting limitations, adjusting expectations, and optimism were found by many patients to be essential for a successful recovery. Emotional factors of fear, anxiety, and depression were important aspects of presurgical and postsurgical experiences.

Conclusion.
Our Spine Surgery Recovery conceptual model provides guidance for future research and clinical practice to optimize treatment and improve overall patient satisfaction. Recommendations based on this model include the assessment of patient expectations and mental well-being throughout postoperative recovery as well as preoperatively to help set realistic expectations and improve satisfaction. Educational, acceptance-based or positive psychological interventions may be potentially beneficial for addressing key factors identified in this model.
Insulin sensitivity, β cell function, and adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes
Authors: Shen Yun , Zheng Yanwei , Su Yingying , Jiang Susu , Ma Xiaojing , Hu Jiangshan , Li Changbin , Huang Yajuan , Teng Yincheng , Bao Yuqian , Tao Minfang , Zhou Jian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background:
The potential impact of β cell function and insulin sensitivity on adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains uncertain. We aimed to investigate the association between β cell dysfunction, insulin resistance, and the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Methods:
This observational study included 482 women diagnosed with GDM during pregnancy. Quantitative metrics on β cell function and insulin sensitivity during pregnancy were calculated using traditional equations. The association of β cell dysfunction and insulin resistance with the risk of the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes was investigated using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models.

Results:
Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of adverse pregnancy outcomes across quartiles of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were 1.00, 0.95, 1.34, and 2.25, respectively (P for trend = 0.011). When HOMA-IR was considered as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted OR of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 1.34 (95% confidence interval 1.16–1.56) for each 1-unit increase in HOMA-IR. Multivariable-adjusted ORs of adverse pregnancy outcomes across quartiles of homeostatic model assessment for β cell function (HOMA-β) were 1.00, 0.51, 0.60, and 0.53, respectively (P for trend = 0.068). When HOMA-β was considered as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted OR of adverse pregnancy outcomes was 0.57 (95% CI 0.24–0.90) for each 1-unit increase in HOMA-β. However, other quantitative metrics were not associated with the composite adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusions:
We demonstrated a significant association of β cell function and insulin sensitivity with the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We have provided additional evidence on the early identification of adverse pregnancy outcomes besides the glycemic values.
2022 Chinese national clinical practice guideline on Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment
Authors: Zhou Liya , Lu Hong , Song Zhiqiang , Lyu Bin , Chen Ye , Wang Jiyao , Xia Jun , Zhao Zhan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background:

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is an infectious disease with a prevalence rate of up to 50% worldwide. It can cause indigestion, gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. H. pylori eradication treatment can effectively control disease progression and reduce the risk of the above conditions. However, the escalating trend of antibiotic resistance presents a global challenge for H. pylori eradication. We aim to provide guidance on pharmacological treatment of H. pylori infection.

Methods:
This clinical practice guideline is developed following the World Health Organization's recommended process, adopting Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation in assessing evidence quality, and utilizing Evidence to Decision framework to formulate clinical recommendations, minimizing bias and increasing transparency of the clinical practice guideline development process. We used the RIGHT statement and AGREE II as reporting and conduct guides to ensure the guideline's completeness and transparency.

Results:
Though decreasing in developed countries, the prevalence of H. pylori remains high in developing countries, causing a major public health burden. This clinical practice guideline contains 12 recommendations concerning pharmacological treatment for H. pylori eradication. Among them, it is worth highlighting that bismuth preparations are inexpensive, safe, and effective, consequently making bismuth quadruple therapy a preferred choice for initial and rescue treatment. In empirical treatment, high-dose dual therapy is equally effective compared with bismuth quadruple therapy.

Conclusions:
The 12 recommendations in this clinical practice guideline are formed with consideration for stakeholders’ values and preferences, resource use, feasibility, and acceptability. Recommendations are generalizable to resource limited settings with similar antibiotic resistance pattern as China, and lower middle-income countries facing comparable sociological and technical challenges.

Registration:
GIN website, https://guidelines.ebmportal.com/node/69996.
Corneal Biomechanics in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Min-Xin , Zhou Miao , Li Dan-Lin , Dong Xing-Xuan , Liang Gang , Pan Chen-Wei 
Published: December 2022

Précis:
Normal tension glaucoma patients had softer corneas than normal controls, whereas high-tension glaucoma and ocular hypertension patients had stiffer corneas.

Purpose:
To comprehensively identify the corneal biomechanical differences of patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT) using the Ocular Response Analyzer or the Corvis ST.

Methods:
The electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were comprehensively searched for studies comparing corneal biomechanical differences between POAG and OHT patients with normal controls by Ocular Response Analyzer or Corvis ST. The weighted mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed according to the subtypes of POAG, including high-tension glaucoma (HTG) and normal tension glaucoma (NTG).

Results:
Thirty-one case-control studies were ultimately included, with 2462 POAG patients, 345 OHT patients, and 3281 normal controls. The corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), and highest concavity time (HC-t) were all lower in POAG patients than in normal controls. The CH, time at the second applanation (A2t), HC-t, highest concavity radius (HC-R), and deformation amplitude at the highest concavity (HC-DA) were lower in OHT patients, while the CRF, time at the first applanation (A1t), and stiffness parameter at the first applanation (SP-A1) were greater in OHT patients than in normal controls. The subgroup analyses showed that the CH, A2t, length at the second applanation (A2L), and HC-DA were lower in HTG, and the CH, CRF, A1t, and HC-t were lower in NTG patients than in normal controls.

Conclusion:
The corneas of NTG patients are more deformable than normal controls, whereas the corneas of HTG and OHT patients are stiffer.
Bacterial Contamination of the Wristwatches Among Clinical and Preclinical Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Kumar Naveen , Aithal Ashwini , Azim Nurzadatil Ijmal Binti Zainal , Ravintheran Pavitra a/p , Sofian Abu Emmil Qawarizmi Bin Abu , Lawrence Ling Ley Jit , Narasimhaswamy Nagalakshmi 
Published: December 2022

Background
Wristwatches and white coats have been found to harbor a great number of bacteria. Hence, it has raised our concern about the contribution of wristwatches to iatrogenic infections in patients. The aim of this study was to determine the type of microbial contamination present on the wristwatches of clinical and preclinical medical students.

Methods
Sterile cotton swabs dipped in saline were used to collect samples from the wristwatches of 50 undergraduate medical students (25 clinical and 25 preclinical) of MMMC (Manipal Campus). The sample was cultured on blood agar and MacConkey's agar plates. Bacterial colonies were identified by Gram stain and biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.

Results
All the samples collected from wristwatches of preclinical students had coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CONS), and 12% of samples had growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Likewise, clinical students’ wristwatch also had CONS and S. aureus (24%). However, few clinical students’ wristwatch samples yielded the growth of Escherichia coli (12%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4%), and Acinetobacter species (4%). Staphylococcus aureus isolates were methicillin resistant. Escherichia coli strains were observed to be extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains. All gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to carbapenem.

Conclusions
Although wristwatches of both clinical and preclinical students had normal flora such as CONS and S. aureus, few clinical students carried drug resistant E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter species, which are dangerous pathogens in the health care settings. Therefore, wristwatches seem to be a potential source of cross-infection in a clinical setting. The results indicate that there is a need for better compliance of hand hygiene maintenance.
Pulmonary Cryptococcosis Complicating Severe Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019
Authors: Osborn Rebecca , Angarone Michael , Kling Kendall , Hawkins Claudia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Many case reports have detailed fungal infections associated with coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19); however, few reports have described cryptococcal infection in individuals with COVID-19. The use of immunomodulatory medications as part of COVID-19 treatment including corticosteroids and tocilizumab increases the risk of invasive fungal infections. Herein we review the existing reports of cryptococcal infection in the setting of COVID-19 and present a case of a previously immunocompetent patient who was diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis after being treated with prolonged corticosteroids for severe COVID-19 and organizing pneumonia.
A Second Reported Case of Catabacter hongkongensis Bactermia in the United States
Authors: Crowley Marci G. , Nakanishi Yukihiro , Pasikhova Yanina , Greene John N. , Armaghani Avan J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Catabacter hongkongensis is a rare bacterium that was first described in 2007. Since that time, there have been less than 20 case reports worldwide. This bacterium inhabits the gastrointestinal tract, and therefore, most cases present with gastrointestinal pathology, including bowel obstruction, acute cholecystitis, and colonic perforation. The treatment is typically surgical intervention and antibiotics. Here, we present a case of C. hongkongensis in a patient undergoing treatment for breast cancer who presented with acute appendicitis.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (Post–COVID Vaccination/Infection)
Authors: Manian Sreenidhi Vanyaa , Alagesan Murali , Nair Krishna S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) was initially described in children (MIS-C) with recent COVID-19 infection as a Kawasaki-like illness associated with fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, shock, left ventricle systolic dysfunction, and elevated inflammatory markers.
1
Similar cases of MIS have been described in young to middle-aged adults also presenting with fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, and shock with vasoplegia, left ventricle systolic dysfunction, and elevated inflammatory markers.
2
Many of these patients had history of recent COVID-19 infection or vaccination and had positive SARS-CoV-2 antibody tests. We report 3 cases of MIS-(C/A) after either infection or vaccination with different presentations and outcomes with similar line of management.
A Novel Approach to PDMP Reporting: Adapting Opioid Quality Measures to PDMP Data
Authors: Gabriel Meghan , Montavon Joel , Digmann Rachel , Ferris Lindsey M. , Spiro Shelly 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The SUPPORT Act provided resources for developing prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) capable of reporting on four specific opioid quality measures. Therefore, the objective of this pilot study was to map, test, and adapt these claims-based opioid quality measures specified for health plan performance to PDMP data for state-level performance.

Materials and Methods:
Maryland PDMP and claims from Maryland Medicaid beneficiaries continuously enrolled from April 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020.

Results:
The measure rates as specified using claims data are closely aligned with the measure rates when mapped and adapted to PDMP data. The Concurrent Use of Opioids and Benzodiazepines measure rates were 14.49% and 15.31%, the OHD rates were 12.44% and 13.54%, the OHDMP rates were 0.01% and 0.40%, and the Use of Opioids from Multiple Providers in Persons Without Cancer rates were 0.12% and 3.03% for the claims-based and adapted measures, respectively.

Discussion:
This is a novel application that may be replicated in other states to support quality improvement and can have a measurable effect on stemming the drug abuse epidemic.

Conclusions:
This will facilitate data sharing of the opioid quality measure reporting within the Maryland PDMP and stakeholders responsible for caring for Maryland Medicaid beneficiaries. Owing to the encouragement by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, other states' PDMPs may require the adaptation of these measures. This will open the door for innovative state-level policy and practice interventions. The quantification of outcomes related to these measures will inform our learning healthcare system and help support the Quintuple Aim.
Incidence of Remote Near-Point of Convergence in University Athletes After Sport-Related Concussion
Authors: Hutchison Michael G. , Di Battista Alex P. , Pyndiura Kyla , Blanc Shirley , Quaid Patrick T. , Richards Doug 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
Near-point of convergence (NPC) testing is an attractive screening tool in the sport setting because it is rapid, requires few resources, and is easy to administer. Remote NPC has been reported after sport-related concussion (SRC), although the incidence among a university-aged population is not well defined. The purpose of the study was to examine the incidence of remote NPC after SRC in a cohort of Canadian interuniversity athletes.

Design:
Cross-sequential.

Setting:
University.

Participants:
One hundred thirty-two university athletes [SRC, n = 68; musculoskeletal (MSK) injury, n = 64] were tested before the beginning of their competitive season and again after their injury.

Independent Variables:
Healthy athletes measured preseason were compared with athletes after SRC or MSK injury using both longitudinal and cross-sectional designs.

Main Outcome Measures:
Remote NPC (pass/fail), measured at 6 cm or greater, repeated 3 times.

Results:
After SRC, 22% of athletes failed their test postinjury (95% CI, 14%-33%). Comparatively, in the MSK group, 3% of athletes failed their test postinjury (95% CI, 1%-7%). A direct comparison of both injury groups yielded a mean 19% higher prevalence of failed NPC tests after SRC versus MSK injury (95% CI, 10%-30%). There seems to be no relationship between reported symptom burden and NPC performance after SRC.

Conclusion:
Remote NPC occurs in approximately 1 of 5 athletes after SRC and is rarely observed after MSK injury.
Concurrent syphilis, gonorrhea, and monkeypox: A case report
Authors: Rosa Dina Nohemi , Ramos Temblique Eileen Kay 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Documented cases of monkeypox virus outside of Africa are rare, but as of August 22, 2022, the CDC was tracking 18,101 cases in the United States. Monkeypox rash can easily mimic other sexually transmitted infections, which may occur concurrently. This case report describes a 36-year old Caucasian man who has sex with men. The patient came in for a routine history and physical examination and disclosed a perianal rash. The patient had a medical history significant for undertreated HIV, ankylosing spondylitis, and homelessness. On examination, he had multiple perianal deep-seated ulcers that were swabbed for monkeypox and herpes simplex virus 1 and 2. Samples were also collected for syphilis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea. The swabs were positive for monkeypox and pharyngeal gonorrhea. At subsequent blood draw, he was found to have elevated titers for syphilis and a positive QuantiFERON-TB gold test. In summary, this case is a clear example of an individual with concurrent monkeypox virus and other sexually and nonsexually transmitted infections, highlighting the importance of careful identification of risk factors and testing for monkeypox virus even when the clinical presentation may depict a common sexually transmitted infection, such as the herpes simplex virus.
A Surgeon’s Armamentarium for Ocular Management in Facial Paralysis: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Shokri Tom , Patel Shivam , Weller Christopher , Lighthall Jessyka G. 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
To review the current management paradigm of the eye in patients with facial paralysis.

Methods:
A PubMed and Cochrane search was done with no date restrictions for English-language literature on facial synkinesis. The search terms used were “ocular,” “facial,” “synkinesis,” “palsy,” “neurotization,” and various combinations of the terms. A total of 65 articles were included.

Results:
Facial paralysis may result in devastating ocular sequelae. Therefore, assessment of the eye in facial paralysis is a critical component of patient management. Although the management should be individualized to the patient, the primary objective should include an ophthalmologic evaluation to implement measures to protect the ocular surface and preserve visual acuity. The degree of facial paralysis, lacrimal secretion, corneal sensation, and position of the eyelids should be assessed thoroughly. Patients with the anticipated recovery of facial nerve function may respond to more conservative temporizing measures to protect the ocular surface. Conversely, patients with expected prolonged paralysis should be appropriately identified as they will benefit from surgical reconstruction and rehabilitation of the periorbital complex. The majority of reconstructive measures within a facial surgeon’s armamentarium augment coverage of the eye but are unable to restore blink. Eyelid reanimation restores the esthetic proportionality of the eye with blinking and reestablishes protective functions necessary for ocular preservation and function.

Conclusions:
Ocular preservation is the primary priority in the initial management of the patient with facial paralysis. An accurate assessment is a critical component in identifying the type of paralysis and developing an individualized treatment plan.