bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction of coronary thrombus-derived exosomes from patients with acute myocardial infarction and its effect on the function of adventitial cells
Authors: He Youfu , Wang Bo , Qian Yu , Liu Debin , Wu Qiang 
Published: January 2025

Background
Type I acute myocardial infarction (T1MI) has a very high morbidity and mortality rate. The role of thrombus-derived exosomes (TEs) in T1MI is unclear.

Methods
The objective of this study was to identify the optimal thrombolytic drug and concentration for extracting TEs. To this end, a series of time and concentration combinations were tested. Subsequently, the effect of TEs on thrombus-adjacent cells was investigated. Finally, we conducted lncRNA microarray analysis on the extracted TEs (GSE213115).

Results
TEs has been demonstrated to promote necrosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis of human cardiomyocytes, while inhibiting the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, TEs can stimulate the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells, and induce a transformation from a contractile to a secretory phenotype. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that five lncRNAs, AC068418.2, AC010186.3, AL031430.1, AC121333.1, and AL136526.1, exhibited significant differential expression in TE and regulated cell autophagy and ferroptosis by directly binding to TP53, TP63, and RELA, respectively.

Conclusions
We demonstrate that TEs as a potential target and research direction for the treatment of heart failure after T1MI. TEs may regulate ferroptosis and autophagy in thrombus-adjacent cells through the enrichment of certain lncRNAs.
Single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing analysis reveals CENPA as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in cancers
Authors: Liu Hengrui , Karsidag Miray , Chhatwal Kunwer , Wang Panpan , Tang Tao 
Published: January 2025

Background
Cancer remains one of the most significant public health challenges worldwide. A widely recognized hallmark of cancer is the ability to sustain proliferative signaling, which is closely tied to various cell cycle processes. Centromere Protein A (CENPA), a variant of the standard histone H3, is crucial for selective chromosome segregation during the cell cycle. Despite its importance, a comprehensive pan-cancer bioinformatic analysis of CENPA has not yet been conducted.

Methods
Data on genomes, transcriptomes, and clinical information were retrieved from publicly accessible databases. We analyzed CENPA’s genetic alterations, mRNA expression, functional enrichment, association with stemness, mutations, expression across cell populations and cellular locations, link to the cell cycle, impact on survival, and its relationship with the immune microenvironment. Additionally, a prognostic model for glioma patients was developed to demonstrate CENPA’s potential as a biomarker. Furthermore, drugs targeting CENPA in cancer cells were identified and predicted using drug sensitivity correlations and protein-ligand docking.

Results
CENPA exhibited low levels of gene mutation across various cancers. It was found to be overexpressed in nearly all cancer types analyzed in TCGA, relative to normal controls, and was predominantly located in the nucleus of malignant cells. CENPA showed a strong association with the cancer cell cycle, particularly as a biomarker for the G2 phase. It also emerged as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker across multiple cancer types. In glioma, CENPA demonstrated reliable prognostic potential when used alongside other prognostic factors. Additionally, CENPA was linked to the immune microenvironment. Drugs such as CD-437, 3-Cl-AHPC, Trametinib, BI-2536, and GSK461364 were predicted to target CENPA in cancer cells.

Conclusion
CENPA serves as a crucial biomarker for the cell cycle in cancers, offering both diagnostic and prognostic value.
Protective effects of Euphorbia heterophylla against testicular degeneration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats in relation to phytochemical profile
Authors: Nagy Ahmed M. , Fahmy Heba A. , Abdel-Hameed Mohamed F. , Taher Rehab F. , Ali Alaa M. , Amin Mohamed M. , Afifi Sherif M. , Esatbeyoglu Tuba , Farag Mohamed A. , Elshamy Abdelsamed I. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a major risk to human health due to an array of implications, one of which is a detrimental effect on the testicular and reproductive functions. Euphorbia heterophylla is widely recognized for its medicinal properties worldwide.

Methods and findings
The objective of this study was to profile E. heterophylla ethanol extract (EH-EtOH) and elucidate its protective role in oxidative stress, relieving inflammatory action of hyperglycemia-induced testicular degeneration and restoring the normal histological structure with physiological properties of testicular tissue in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DM. High-resolution ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS) analysis was employed to analyze the compounds present in EH-EtOH. The protective effect of EH-EtOH against testicular degeneration in the rat model of DM was evaluated by measuring improvements in blood glucose levels, body weight, testicular inflammation, oxidative damage, testicular microcirculation impairment, and apoptosis of testicular cells induced by STZ. The chemical profiling of EH-EtOH revealed the presence of 52 compounds, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, phloroglucinols, and triterpenes. Notably, this study identified isovitexin-C-hexoside, isorhamnetin-O-hexoside, diosmetin, and halfordin for the first time in Euphorbia species. Treatment with EH-EtOH effectively mitigated the damage caused by STZ, as evidenced by restored testosterone (T4) levels and antioxidant capacity, reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, improved testicular microcirculation, and inhibition of apoptosis in the testes.

Conclusions
These results emphasize the potential therapeutic effect of E. heterophylla on DM related to male infertility and reproductive dysfunctions via its antioxidant/angiogenetic /anti-apoptotic effect.
‘By parity of Reason’: Universalizability, Impartiality and Reciprocity in Cumberland’s Theory of Natural Law
Authors: Eggers Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
According to Richard Cumberland, men’s natural law obligation to promote the common good does not derive from self-interest, but there is really no conflict between private and public happiness because the former is contained in the latter. The aim of this paper is to disentangle the various arguments supposed to support this claim and to focus specifically on the ‘parity of reason’ argument which draws upon the principle of treating like cases alike. I will show that Cumberland tends to confuse the principle with a more substantive Golden Rule-like principle requiring that we treat others like ourselves and that he appeals to ideas of both impartiality and reciprocity in doing so. Moreover, I will argue that Cumberland’s failure to fully grasp the distinction between these three concepts derives from the way in which the overall structure of his argument integrates the perspective of human rational agents with the perspective of God.
Modeling and analysis of ensemble average solvation energy and solute–solvent interfacial fluctuations
Authors: Shao Yuanzhen , Chen Zhan , Zhao Shan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Variational implicit solvation models (VISMs) have gained extensive popularity in the molecular-level solvation analysis of biological systems due to their cost-effectiveness and satisfactory accuracy. Central in the construction of VISM is an interface separating the solute and the solvent. However, traditional sharp-interface VISMs fall short in adequately representing the inherent randomness of the solute–solvent interface, a consequence of thermodynamic fluctuations within the solute–solvent system. Given that experimentally observable quantities are ensemble averaged, the computation of the ensemble average solvation energy (EASE)–the averaged solvation energy across all thermodynamic microscopic states–emerges as a key metric for reflecting thermodynamic fluctuations during solvation processes. This study introduces a novel approach to calculating the EASE. We devise two diffuse-interface VISMs: one within the classic Poisson–Boltzmann (PB) framework and another within the framework of size-modified PB theory, accounting for the finite-size effects. The construction of these models relies on a new diffuse interface definition

u

(

x

)

u\left(x)

, which represents the probability of a point

x

x

found in the solute phase among all microstates. Drawing upon principles of statistical mechanics and geometric measure theory, we rigorously demonstrate that the proposed models effectively capture EASE during the solvation process. Moreover, preliminary analyses indicate that the size-modified EASE functional surpasses its counterpart based on the classic PB theory across various analytic aspects. Our work is the first step toward calculating EASE through the utilization of diffuse-interface VISM.
Literarische Öffentlichkeit ohne Lesen. Zur Neubetrachtung von Rifbjergs lytterroman (1972)
Authors: Wagner Philipp 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
In 1972, Danmarks Radio invited its audience to write a novel together with Klaus Rifbjerg in the six-part radio program Rifbjergs telefonroman. The radio show proved to be extremely popular, but the documentation in book form that was subsequently published under the title Rifbjergs lytterroman was a commercial failure. The following article first classifies this literary event in terms of literary history and literary theory. In a second step, it analyzes the event in light of the current version of Jürgen Habermas’ public theory, because Rifbjerg and Habermas hold similar views on the social relevance of literature. The analysis leads to the thesis that the literary event Rifbjergs telefon-/lytterroman realizes a literary public in the Habermasian sense without the audience reading. The article provides also an outlook on what perspective the event opens up for literary studies on Habermas’ assumption of a current digital structural transformation of the public sphere.
Ellen Key och klimatfrågan: drömmen om en ny natur
Authors: Henning Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Swedish feminist and aesthetic thinker Ellen Key (1849–1926) continually returned to questions of freedom and determinism, a tension actualized with special poignancy in her discussions on climate. While Key adheres to a time-honored tradition of climatological determinism, she also theorizes the need to transcend the given conditions of life through art. Importantly, she sees the spiritual evolution of mankind as dependent on the aesthetic improvement – and manipulation – of our surrounding environments. In the context of modernity and urbanization, art is also considered a necessary supplement to nature. As I suggest, Key’s reflections on climate and environmental aesthetics provide the conceptual impetus for her more famous work on the beautification of everyday life. By exploring these connections, Key’s aesthetic theories gain new meaning and relevance.
Say that It Is so! Exclamation Marks and Affect in Eva-Stina Byggmästar’s Poetry
Authors: Wikström Jenny J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines the exclamation mark as stylistic device in the works of the Finnish-Swedish poet Eva-Stina Byggmästar in relation to aesthetic norms. The poet’s use of the exclamation mark is charted in collections 2001–2022 and the affective connotations of the sign are studied through queer and affect theory. The study shows that the exclamation mark is a fundamental component of Byggmästar’s poetics, characterized by a provocative insistence on happiness and joy. The exclamation mark can be understood as a gimmick or a coercive reading instruction, but it also mobilizes vulnerability, and invokes a world to come.
Akkusativ med presens partisipp i norsk
Authors: Lima Geir 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article takes as its starting point the Latin construction Accusativus cum Participio (AcP) and aims to show that a similar construction also exists and is used in modern Norwegian, but that it is limited to certain verb types. With examples from Norwegian fiction, the construction verb of perception + present participle will be analyzed and compared with other constructions (AcI and subordinate clauses) with the intention of assessing how this construction is used. It will be shown that verb of perception + present participle and AcI are similar constructions, but that there are differences between them, and these differences are primarily related to aspect. The article argues that verb of perception + present participle in Norwegian is a literary construction that arose in Old Norwegian under the influence of Latin and reappeared in modern Norwegian under the influence of English.
Bygda som postruralt landskap i Marit Eikemos Hardanger (2019)
Authors: Brumo John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study in literary geography explores the concept of the rural in Marit Eikemo’s short stories Hardanger (2019). In Norwegian culture, the ideas about the rural and the urban have for a long time played a principal role in constituting both different ways of life and people‘s identity. Who you are is to a large degree determined by where you live. The rural way of living has been, and still is, regarded as the hegemonic norm for „quality of life“ in Norwegian society, but today, new migration patterns and lifestyles have changed the rural countryside. There has been a significant influx of urban populations into rural locations. Key attributes of urban living transform its identity, and rural areas have changed from landscapes of production to landscapes of consumption. Eikemo’s Hardanger is comprised of ten short stories from this new „post-rural“ Norway, where identity, lifestyle, and place are more disconnected. Eikemo’s satirical short stories invite the reader to reflect on the changes in rural Norway.
Endpoint carbon content and temperature prediction model in BOF steelmaking based on posterior probability and intra-cluster feature weight online dynamic feature selection
Authors: Wang Haodong , Liu Hui , Chen FuGang , Li Heng , Xue XiaoJun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A posterior probability and intra-cluster feature weight online dynamic feature selection algorithm is proposed to address the issues of high dimensionality and high volatility of data in the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) steelmaking production process. First, a genetic algorithm with fixed feature space dimensions is introduced, which narrows the solution space by predefining the number of selected features, thereby enhancing the stability of feature selection. Second, the posterior probability of samples and intra-cluster feature weights are used to weigh and calculate the feature importance of the current sample, obtaining the optimal features that align with the current operating conditions. Finally, the dynamically selected features are used in a regression model to predict the carbon content and temperature of the BOF steelmaking process data. Simulations of actual BOF steelmaking process data showed that the prediction accuracy was 86% within a carbon content error range of 0.02, and 88% within a temperature error range of 10°C.
Investigation of the figure of merit to 256QAM FSO link for the next-generation terrestrial network
Authors: Vyas Ajay Kumar , Kumar Santosh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Free space optical communication (FSO) has become an emerging broadband network. Even with the potential advantages of FSO technology, atmospheric turbulence, cloud-induced fading, and other environmental conditions such as fog, aerosol, temperature changes, storms, heavy rain, aiming inaccuracy, and scintillation reduce the performance of the faithful transmission. This article presented the 256QAM-FSO link, investigated the effect of different weather conditions on the received signals, and summarized bit error rate, error vector magnitude, symbol error rate (SER), power spectral density, and signal-to-noise ratio, and constellation diagram with and without atmosphere turbulence scenarios. The power spectral density of the output signal is a maximum of 11.61 dBm in no turbulence and a minimum of −72.80 dBm for heavy rain conditions to noise ratio degraded in the worst case of heavy rain 0.01 dB and achieved 18.57 dB in the best case of no turbulence, whereas SNR is obtained 9.37 dB in case of fog. Error vector magnitude suffers more from the haze condition, and SER varies from 0.70 to 0.85. The maximum bit error rate obtained for heavy rain is 5,432. With the advanced modulation scheme, the 256QAM-FSO link will provide wide bandwidth, which is helpful for outdoor and indoor services, terrestrial transmission, mile solutions, and so on.
Capitalism and the Very Long Term
Authors: Venkatesh Nikhil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Capitalism is defined as the economic structure in which decisions over production are largely made by or on behalf of individuals in virtue of their private property ownership, subject to the incentives and constraints of market competition. In this paper, I will argue that considerations of long-term welfare, such as those developed by Greaves and MacAskill (2021), support anticapitalism in a weak sense (reducing the extent to which the economy is capitalistic) and perhaps support anticapitalism in a stronger sense (establishing an alternative economic structure in which capitalism is not predominant). I hope to encourage longtermists to give anticapitalism serious consideration, and to encourage anticapitalists to pursue criticisms of capitalism’s efficiency as well as its injustices.
High-harmonic generation from subwavelength silicon films
Authors: Hallman Kent , Stengel Sven , Jaffray Wallace , Belli Federico , Ferrera Marcello , Vincenti Maria Antonietta , de Ceglia Domenico , Kivshar Yuri , Akozbek Neset , Mukhopadhyay Shroddha , Trull Jose , Cojocaru Crina , Scalora Michael 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed significant developments in the study of nonlinear properties of various materials at the nanoscale. Often, experimental results on harmonic generation are reported without the benefit of suitable theoretical models that allow assessment of conversion efficiencies compared to the material’s intrinsic properties. Here, we report experimental observations of even and odd harmonics up to the 7th, generated from a suspended subwavelength silicon film resonant in the UV range at 210 nm, the current limit of our detection system, using peak power densities of order 3 TW/cm2. We also highlight the time-varying properties of the dielectric function of silicon, which exhibits large changes under intense illumination. We explain the experimental data with a time domain, hydrodynamic-Maxwell approach broadly applicable to most optical materials. Our approach accounts simultaneously for surface and magnetic nonlinearities that generate even optical harmonics, as well as linear and nonlinear material dispersions beyond the third order to account for odd optical harmonics, plasma formation, and a phase locking mechanism that makes the generation of high harmonics possible deep into the UV range, where semiconductors like silicon start operating in a metallic regime.
New economic geographies of war: risks and disruptions in Eurasian transport routes and supply chains through the military conflict in Ukraine
Authors: Sielker Franziska , Dannenberg Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The pandemic and the last years’ geopolitical disruptions have laid bare the vulnerability of Europe’s supply chains, as well as the challenges posed by insecure oil and gas supplies. In this contribution, we aim to add to this debate by raising awareness of the vulnerability of trade and supply chain infrastructure between Europe and Asia. We give an overview of the risks for supply chain securities due to the risk of military and armed conflicts and geopolitical challenges more broadly, illustrated by a map of central logistic corridors and hubs. We further discuss the contemporary implications for each corridor due to the war in Ukraine. By making use of the example of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), we argue that trade along these corridors is highly interdependent and that the continued conflict in Ukraine poses a danger for independent, diversified and resilient trade across Eurasia. The paper calls for future research in economic geography, military geographies and related international business literature to (jointly) reemphasize the economic geographies of war, by for instance analysing shifts in global value chains and global production networks as a result of violent conflicts.
Rehabilitation success in ACL reconstruction and medial meniscus repair: A case of delayed recovery and optimized outcomes
Authors: Thiyagarajan Alagappan , Jeyakumar S. , Jeeva K. , Patni Oves 
Published: January 2025

This case report highlights the rehabilitation process of a 23-year-old male who underwent anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with medial meniscus repair. Early rehabilitation is critical to prevent complications, but this patient experienced a significant delay, resulting in functional deficits such as a 10-degree fixed flexion deformity (FFD) and quadriceps lag at post-operative day 14. A structured rehabilitation protocol was initiated at day 14 post-operation. Progress was tracked using the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Single Leg Balance Scale (SLBS). The rehabilitation focused on improving knee extension, muscle strength, balance, and proprioception. Significant improvements were observed by week 12. The patient’s KOOS scores improved across all domains, with pain improving from 45 to 80 and sports function from 10 to 60. The SLBS showed increased balance on the affected leg, improving from 5 to 25 seconds. The delayed rehabilitation approach still yielded positive outcomes, underscoring the importance of a structured physiotherapy program. This case demonstrates that even with delayed rehabilitation, significant functional recovery can be achieved through a structured physiotherapy protocol. The results reinforce the necessity of early rehabilitation to avoid delays in recovery and improve long-term functional outcomes.
Fenomena Perluasan Makna dalam Interaksi Penutur Bahasa Indonesia di Media Sosial X (Januari—Juli 2024): Analisis Semantik
Authors: Laksono Wahyu 
Published: January 2025

This study aims to see language change in the form of meaning expansion between Indonesian speakers on social media X in the period January to July 2024. This qualitative research uses the method of listening and recording to collect data from the interaction of Indonesian speakers. The results of this study show that there are 11 data found to have experienced changes in the meaning of language in the expansion of meaning. The most frequently found causal factors are social and cultural change factors, then previous meaning associations and differences in areas of use. The three causal factors for the expansion of meaning with each data are as follows: 1) association factors totaling 3 data, namely in the words "goreng", "sampah", and "binatang"; 2) factors of differences in areas of use totaling 3 data, namely in the words or lexemes "najis", "receh/recehan", and "matang"; 3) social and cultural changes totaling 5 data, namely in the words "sepuh", "aman", "garing", "jompo", and "drama".The most common causative factors found are social and cultural change factors, then previous meaning associations and differences in fields of use.