bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a linearization model for three‐phase PWM rectifiers for electrochemical machining
Authors: Nakata Atsushi , Goto Akihiro , Mototani Suguru , Torii Akihiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractElectrochemical machining (ECM) is a processing method for metals that uses a DC power supply and flowing electrolyte. In some cases, discharge occurs during ECM when the gap between the electrode and workpiece, whose distance is rather small, is filled with hydrogen generated via electrolysis. We attempt to utilize a DC inductor placed between the DC supply and the ECM load in order to limit di/dt of the short or discharge current, which damages both the electrode and workpiece. When the output current surges, that is, when discharge occurs, the output voltage is suppressed by the DC inductance. In this paper, we propose a method for designing a PWM rectifier to reduce the discharge current, establish a linear approximation model for use in the PWM rectifier, describe a control method of the PWM rectifier, and demonstrate the efficacy of the model via simulations and experiments.
Performance of a multisensor implantable defibrillator algorithm for heart failure monitoring related to co‐morbidities
Authors: Santobuono Vincenzo Ezio , Favale Stefano , D'Onofrio Antonio , Manzo Michele , Calò Leonardo , Bertini Matteo , Savarese Gianluca , Santini Luca , Dello Russo Antonio , Lavalle Carlo , Viscusi Miguel , Amellone Claudia , Calvanese Raimondo , Arena Giuseppe , Pangallo Antonio , Rapacciuolo Antonio , Porcelli Daniele , Campari Monica , Valsecchi Sergio , Guaricci Andrea Igoren 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsThe HeartLogic algorithm combines multiple implantable defibrillator (ICD) sensor data and has proved to be a sensitive and timely predictor of impending heart failure (HF) decompensation in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT‐D) patients. We evaluated the performance of this algorithm in non‐CRT ICD patients and in the presence of co‐morbidities.Methods and resultsThe HeartLogic feature was activated in 568 ICD patients (410 with CRT‐D) from 26 centres. The median follow‐up was 26 months [25th–75th percentile: 16–37]. During follow‐up, 97 hospitalizations were reported (53 cardiovascular) and 55 patients died. We recorded 1200 HeartLogic alerts in 370 patients. Overall, the time IN the alert state was 13% of the total observation period. The rate of cardiovascular hospitalizations or death was 0.48/patient‐year (95% CI: 0.37–0.60) with the HeartLogic IN the alert state and 0.04/patient‐year (95% CI: 0.03–0.05) OUT of the alert state, with an incidence rate ratio of 13.35 (95% CI: 8.83–20.51, P < 0.001). Among patient characteristics, atrial fibrillation (AF) on implantation (HR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.27–2.07, P < 0.001) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (HR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.21–1.93, P < 0.001) independently predicted alerts. HeartLogic alerts were not associated with CRT‐D versus ICD implantation (HR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.82–1.30, P = 0.775). Comparisons of the clinical event rates in the IN alert state with those in the OUT of alert state yielded incidence rate ratios ranging from 9.72 to 14.54 (all P < 0.001) in all groups of patients stratified by: CRT‐D/ICD, AF/non‐AF, and CKD/non‐CKD. After multivariate correction, the occurrence of alerts was associated with cardiovascular hospitalization or death (HR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.05–3.51, P = 0.036).ConclusionsThe burden of HeartLogic alerts was similar between CRT‐D and ICD patients, while patients with AF and CKD seemed more exposed to alerts. Nonetheless, the ability of the HeartLogic algorithm to identify periods of significantly increased risk of clinical events was confirmed, regardless of the type of device and the presence of AF or CKD.
Identification of a novel splicing‐altering LAMP2 variant in a Chinese family with Danon disease
Authors: Fu Di , Wang Shuai , Luo Yonghong , Wu Sha , Peng Daoquan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to identify a novel splicing‐altering LAMP2 variant associated with Danon disease.Methods and resultsTo identify the potential genetic mutation in a Chinese pedigree, whole‐exome sequencing was conducted in the proband, and Sanger sequencing was performed on the proband's parents. To verify the impact of the splice‐site variant, a minigene splicing assay was applied. The AlphaFold2 analysis was used to analyse the mutant protein structure. A splice‐site variant (NM_013995.2:c.864+5G>A) located at intron 6 of the LAMP2 gene was identified as a potential pathogenic variant. The minigene splicing revealed that this variant causes exon 6 to be skipped, resulting in a truncated protein. The AlphaFold2 analysis showed that the mutation caused a protein twist direction change, leading to conformational abnormality.ConclusionsA novel splice‐site variant (NM_013995.2:c.864+5G>A) located at intron 6 of the LAMP2 gene was identified. This discovery may enlarge the LAMP2 variant spectrum, promote accurate genetic counselling, and contribute to the diagnosis of Danon disease.
Sleep and respiratory abnormalities in adults with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies using polysomnography and video‐EEG monitoring
Authors: Sivathamboo Shobi , Myers Kenneth A. , Pattichis Andreas , White Elise J. , Ku Ka Nyuk , O'Brien Terence J. , Perucca Piero , Kwan Patrick 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated sleep and respiratory abnormalities, and their relationship with seizures, in adults with developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). We studied consecutive adults with DEEs undergoing inpatient video‐EEG monitoring and concurrent polysomnography between December 2011 and July 2022. Thirteen patients with DEEs were included (median age: 31 years, range: 20–50; 69.2% female): Lennox–Gastaut syndrome (n = 6), Lennox–Gastaut syndrome‐like phenotype (n = 2), Landau–Kleffner syndrome (n = 1), epilepsy with myoclonic‐atonic seizures (n = 1), and unclassified DEEs (n = 3). Sleep architecture was often fragmented by epileptiform discharges and seizures resulting in arousals (median arousal index: 29.0 per h, range: 5.1–65.3). Moderate‐to‐severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was observed in seven patients (53.8%). Three patients (23.1%) had tonic seizures that frequently occurred with central apnea; one met criteria for mild central sleep apnea. Of the patients with tonic seizures, two had other identifiable seizure manifestations, but in one patient, central apnea was commonly the only discernable seizure manifestation. Polysomnography during video‐EEG is an effective diagnostic tool in detecting sleep and seizure‐related respiratory abnormalities. Clinically significant OSA may increase the risk of comorbid cardiovascular disease and premature mortality. Treatment of epilepsy may improve sleep quality, and conversely, improved sleep, may decrease seizure burden.
Predicting the Kinetics of Resupply of Organic Pollutants from Sediments Using Diffusive Gradients in Thin Film Samplers and their Bioavailability to Aquatic Invertebrates
Authors: Ji Xiaowen , Arenas Catherine Estefany Davila , Perez Ana Sharelys Cardenas , Giesy John P. , Brinkmann Markus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The present study used diffusive gradients in thin film (DGT) samplers deployed in situ at a wastewater-impacted site (Clarkboro Ferry) for 20 days to develop a predictive model between time-weighted mean concentrations of seven selected antipsychotic compounds in water and those in resident benthic invertebrates, specifically crayfish (Faxonius virilis). The model was further combined with a model of desorption of antipsychotic compounds to predict kinetics at the sediment–water interface. Antipsychotic compounds were mostly detected in adult crayfish and internal concentrations were similar among targeted compounds, except for lesser concentrations of duloxetine. The model, based on the mass balance of organic chemicals, to predict uptake by organisms exhibited good agreement with measured values (R2 = 0.53−0.88), except for venlafaxine (R2 = 0.35). At the sediment–water interface, positive fluxes were observed for antipsychotic compounds and the results from DGT-induced fluxes in sediments (DIFS) coupled with equilibrium hydroxyl-β-cyclodextrin extraction further indicated partial resupply of antipsychotic compounds from sediments to the aqueous phase, despite the labile pool being relatively limited. The results of the present study affirm that DGT techniques can be used as a predictive tool for contamination in benthic invertebrates and can simulate the ability of contaminant resupply from sediments. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1696–1708. © 2023 SETAC.
The effect of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on comutations based on next‐generation sequencing in adult acute myeloid leukemia patients with the FLT3‐ITD mutation
Authors: Tang Feifei , Zhao Xiaosu , Ruan Guorui , Jiang Qian , Jiang Hao , Xu Lanping , Wang Yu , Zhang Xiaohui , Liu Kaiyan , Huang Xiaojun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccording to the 2022 European LeukemiaNet, all acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases with FLT3‐ITD mutations are now categorized as intermediate risk irrespective of the FLT3‐ITD allelic ratio or concurrent presence of NPM1 mutation. However, whether other next‐generation sequencing (NGS) comutation genes can add layers to FLT3‐ITD and whether the poor outcomes of FLT3‐ITD comutations can be overcome by haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo‐HSCT) are unclear. This study aimed to investigate which comutations based on NGS at diagnosis affect the clinical prognosis of de novo AML patients with FLT3‐ITD mutations and the effect of haplo‐HSCT on comutations. We analyzed 95 de novo AML patients with FLT3‐ITD mutations from January 2018 to August 2021 based on the NGS 99‐gene platform. Forty‐one other types of molecular mutations were detected. The most common cooccurring mutations were NPM1 (n = 43, 45.3%) and DNMT3A (n = 21, 22.1%). NPM1 mutation did not affect the clinical outcomes. Acute myeloid leukemia patients with FLT3‐ITD and DNMT3A comutations had significantly worse 3‐year Disease‐free survival (DFS) (49.5% vs. 69.3%, P = 0.01) and Overall survival (OS) rates (61.1% vs. 69.8%, P = 0.54) than those without DNMT3A mutations, and survival was significantly more favorable after haplo‐HSCT than that after chemotherapy (3‐year DFS, 85.7% vs. 30.8%, P = 0.006; 3‐year OS, 85.7% vs. 43.1%, p = 0.08). In multivariate analysis, DNMT3A mutation was a risk factor for DFS, while haplo‐HSCT was a protective factor. In conclusion, DNMT3A mutation might be a poor prognostic factor in adult AML patients with FLT3‐ITD mutations, and haplo‐HSCT could overcome the poor prognosis of DNMT3A comutation.
MHD steady natural convection in a vertical porous channel in the presence of point/line heat source/sink: An exact solution
Authors: Jha Basant K. , Altine Muhammad M. , Hussaini Ayyub M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the steady free convection of an electrically conducting viscous and incompressible fluid in a vertically oriented porous channel with a line/point heat source/sink (point/line heat generation/absorption) at different channel positions in the coexistence of magnetic and suction/injection parameters. The constant heat source/sink parameters, which mathematically define the line heat source/sink, are modeled using the Heaviside step function. The Laplace transform procedure was applied to find the precise expression for the dimensionless governing equations that make up the flow model. Investigations were conducted on flow patterns with line graphs to visually depict the function of the magnetic, suction/injection, and heat generation parameters. The tabular simulations of results demonstrate that increasing the suction/injection parameter can result in a decrease in the mass flow rate by 8.9%. Similarly, increasing the magnetic parameter causes the mass flow rate to drop by almost 27%. Furthermore, with an improvement in the magnetic and suction/injection parameters, frictional force and mass flux values declined. An upsurge in the magnetic fieldand suction/injection parameters causes a rise in skin friction and mass flux near the left surface and a decline at around the right surface as the point heat source extends over a region.
Optical method supported by machine learning for urinary tract infection detection and urosepsis risk assessment
Authors: Wityk Paweł , Sokołowski Patryk , Szczerska Małgorzata , Cierpiak Kacper , Krawczyk Beata , Markuszewski Michał J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe study presents an optical method supported by machine learning for discriminating urinary tract infections from an infection capable of causing urosepsis. The method comprises spectra of spectroscopy measurement of artificial urine samples with bacteria from solid cultures of clinical E. coli strains. To provide a reliable classification of results assistance of 27 algorithms was tested. We proved that is possible to obtain up to 97% accuracy of the measurement method with the use of use of machine learning. The method was validated on urine samples from 241 patients. The advantages of the proposed solution are the simplicity of the sensor, mobility, versatility, and low cost of the test.
Heterogeneity in children's reading comprehension difficulties: A latent class approach
Authors: James Emma , Thompson Paul A. , Bowes Lucy , Nation Kate 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPoor comprehenders are traditionally identified as having below‐average reading comprehension, average‐range word reading, and a discrepancy between the two. While oral language tends to be low in poor comprehenders, reading is a complex trait and heterogeneity may go undetected by group‐level comparisons.MethodsWe took a preregistered data‐driven approach to identify poor comprehenders and examine whether multiple distinct cognitive profiles underlie their difficulties. Latent mixture modelling identified reading profiles in 6846 children from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, based on reading and listening comprehension assessments at 8–9 years. A second mixture model examined variation in the cognitive profiles of weak comprehenders, using measures of reading, language, working memory, nonverbal ability, and inattention.ResultsA poor comprehender profile was not identified by the preregistered model. However, by additionally controlling for overall ability, a 6‐class model emerged that incorporated a profile with relatively weak comprehension (N = 947, 13.83%). Most of these children had weak reading comprehension in the context of good passage reading, accompanied by weaknesses in vocabulary and nonverbal ability. A small subgroup showed more severe comprehension difficulties in the context of additional cognitive impairments.ConclusionsIsolated impairments in specific components of reading are rare, yet a data‐driven approach can be used to identify children with relatively weak comprehension. Vocabulary and nonverbal ability were most consistently weak within this group, with broader cognitive difficulties also apparent for a subset of children. These findings suggest that poor comprehension is best characterised along a continuum, and considered in light of multiple risks that influence severity.
Extracellular vesicles enhance pulmonary transduction of stably associated adeno‐associated virus following intratracheal administration
Authors: Kwak Gijung , Gololobova Olesia , Sharma Neeraj , Caine Colin , Mazur Marina , Mulka Kathleen , West Natalie E. , Solomon George M. , Cutting Garry R. , Witwer Kenneth W. , Rowe Steven M. , Paulaitis Michael , Aslanidi George , Suk Jung Soo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdeno‐associated virus (AAV) vector has shown multiple clinical breakthroughs, but its clinical implementation in inhaled gene therapy remains elusive due to difficulty in transducing lung airway cells. We demonstrate here AAV serotype 6 (AAV6) associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs) and secreted from vector‐producing HEK‐293 cells during vector preparation (EVAAV6) as a safe and highly efficacious gene delivery platform for inhaled gene therapy applications. Specifically, we discovered that EVAAV6 provided markedly enhanced reporter transgene expression in mucus‐covered air‐liquid interface (ALI) cultures of primary human bronchial and nasal epithelial cells as well as in mouse lung airways compared to standard preparations of AAV6 alone. Of note, AAV6 has been previously shown to outperform other clinically tested AAV serotypes, including those approved by the FDA for treating non‐lung diseases, in transducing ALI cultures of primary human airway cells. We provide compelling experimental evidence that the superior performance of EVAAV6 is attributed to the ability of EV to facilitate mucus penetration and cellular entry/transduction of AAV6. The tight and stable linkage between AAV6 and EVs appears essential to exploit the benefits of EVs given that a physical mixture of individually prepared EVs and AAV6 failed to mediate EV‐AAV6 interactions or to enhance gene transfer efficacy.
Sensitivity comparison of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with Cold EI and standard EI
Authors: Amirav Aviv , Yakovchuk Alex 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) with Cold EI is based on interfacing GC and MS with supersonic molecular beams (SMBs) along with electron ionization of vibrationally cold sample compounds in SMB in a fly‐through ion source (hence the name Cold EI). Cold EI improves all the central performance aspects of GC–MS, and in this paper, we focus on its improvement of signal‐to‐noise ratio (S/N) and limits of detection (LODs). We found that the harder the compound for analysis with standard EI, the greater the Cold EI gain in S/N and LOD. The lower LOD and higher S/N of Cold EI emerge from a few reasons: (a) similar ionization yield as standard EI, (b) enhanced abundance of molecular ions, (c) elimination of vacuum background noise, (d) elimination of ion source‐related peak tailing and degradation, (e) ability to lower the elution temperatures via the use of high column flow rates, and (f) greater range of thermally labile and low‐volatility compounds that can be analyzed. We demonstrate the superior S/N and lower LOD of Cold EI versus standard EI in a range of compounds, from the simple‐to‐analyze octafluoronaphthalene all the way to reserpine and an organo‐metallic compound that cannot be analyzed by standard EI. These compounds include methyl stearate, cholesterol, n‐C32H66, large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioctyl phthalates, diundecyl phthalate, pentachlorophenol, benzidine, lambda‐cyhalothrin, and methidathion. The significantly lower Cold EI LODs that can be over 1000 times better than in standard EI further result in far superior response linearity and greater measurement dynamic range.
Oxidative stress following spinal cord injury: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic targets
Authors: Yu Mengsi , Wang Zhiying , Wang Dongmin , Aierxi Milikemu , Ma Zhanjun , Wang Yonggang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) is a medical condition that results from severe trauma to the central nervous system; it imposes great psychological and economic burdens on affected patients and their families. The dynamic balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants is essential for maintaining normal cellular physiological functions. As important intracellular signaling molecules, ROS regulate numerous physiological activities, including vascular reactivity and neuronal function. However, excessive ROS can cause damage to cellular macromolecules, including DNA, lipids, and proteins; this damage eventually leads to cell death. This review discusses the mechanisms of oxidative stress in SCI and describes some signaling pathways that regulate oxidative injury after injury, with the aim of providing guidance for the development of novel SCI treatment strategies.
Clarifying the association between adverse childhood experiences and postdeployment posttraumatic stress disorder symptom severity: A meta‐analysis and large‐sample investigation
Authors: Crede Marcus , Tynan Michael , Harms Peter D. , Lester Paul B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe report on two studies designed to shed light on the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity in military personnel. In particular, we examined the evidence for both additive and multiplicative associations between ACEs and combat exposure in predicting PTSD symptom severity. Study 1 was a meta‐analysis of 50 samples (N > 50,000), and we found evidence for a moderate linear association between ACEs and PTSD symptom severity, ρ = .24. We also found that ACEs explained substantial variance in PTSD symptom severity after controlling for combat exposure, ΔR2 = .048. In Study 2, which is preregistered, we relied on a large sample of combat‐deployed U.S. soldiers (N > 6,000) to examine evidence of a multiplicative association between ACEs and combat exposure in predicting PTSD symptom severity. In line with theoretical arguments that individuals who have experienced childhood trauma are more vulnerable to subsequent trauma exposure, we found a weak but meaningful interaction effect, ΔR2 = .00, p < .001, between ACEs and deployment‐related traumatic events in the prediction of PTSD symptom severity. Implications for clinical applications and future research are discussed.
Social support as a predictor of outcomes of cognitive behavioral therapy with a trauma focus delivered face‐to‐face and via guided internet‐based self‐help
Authors: Lewis Catrin , Bailey Leah , Ariti Cono , Kitchiner Neil J. , Roberts Neil P. , Simon Natalie , Bisson Jonathan I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is mounting evidence that cognitive behavioral therapy with a trauma focus (CBT‐TF) delivered via guided internet‐based self‐help is noninferior to CBT‐TF delivered face‐to‐face for individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of mild‐to‐moderate severity. The availability of multiple evidence‐based treatment options creates a need to determine predictors of outcome to enable clinicians to make informed treatment recommendations. We examined perceived social support as a predictor of treatment adherence and response among 196 adults with PTSD enrolled in a multicenter pragmatic randomized controlled noninferiority trial. Perceived social support was measured using the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support and PTSD was assessed using the Clinician‐Administered PTSD Scale for DSM‐5. Linear regression was used to explore the associations between different dimensions of perceived social support (i.e., from friends, family, and significant others) and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) at baseline. Linear and logistic regression were used to determine whether these dimensions of support predicted treatment adherence or response for either treatment modality. Lower baseline perceived social support from family was associated with higher levels of PTSS, B = −0.24, 95% CI [−0.39, −0.08], p = .003, but the same did not apply to social support from friends or significant others. We did not find evidence that any dimension of social support predicted treatment adherence or response for either treatment. This work does not indicate that social support is a factor that can help predict the suitability of psychological therapy for PTSD delivered via guided internet‐based self‐help versus face‐to‐face.