bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ‘judicial’ control of discretionary measures in banking and financial fields: the role of EU Courts (and Boards of Appeal)
Authors: Condinanzi Massimo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

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The paper aims at reflecting on the judicial control of the discretionary measures in banking and financial fields exercised by the EU Courts, as well as the ‘quasi-judicial’ control, in the same fields, exercised by the Boards of Appeal. Therefore, the present article firstly discusses the EU Courts’ general approach over discretionary acts, assessing the peculiarities of the cases related to decisions taken by banking authorities. Secondly, the papers assessesthe ‘new’ means of quasi-judicial accountability, i.e. SRB Appeal Panel and the ESAs JBoA, their jurisprudence vis-à-vis discretionary choices of EU banking authorities and whether and how their role could be enhanced for improving a greater accountability. Finally, the article discusses
the possible evolution of EU Courts in reviewing banking law, particularly after the 2015-2019 Reforms of CJEU Statute (and those currently ongoing).
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Symposium Discussion Report: The Private Limited Without Capital and Loyalty Shares in Belgium
Authors: Schiepers Ellen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

58The 16th annual ECFR Symposium was opened by Koen Geens and Christoph Teichmann. The former addressed the evolution of company law in the EU and Belgium, focusing on the new Belgian Code on Companies and Associations which entered into force in 2019. The latter explained that the presentations in the morning would focus on topics of Belgian law that are also of interest to the European academic community, while the afternoon topics would be of an EU nature. The first morning session consisted of two presentations. The first one, given by Henri Culot, focused on the Belgian private limited company without capital. The second presentation was by Jeroen Delvoie and addressed loyalty shares.
A Liberal Theory of Commodification
Authors: Mildenberger Carl David 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Judging on the basis of standard accounts of commodification, one might reasonably suggest that liberalism intrinsically lacks an adequate theory of commodification. Liberalism, with its commitment to individual choice and to neutrality as regards competing evaluation practices, seems conceptually incapable of identifying or abolishing many significant forms of commodification. This essay aims to refute this claim. It employs a strategy of appealing to the harm principle as grounds for a liberal anti-commodification theory. I claim that we are harmed when we are denied ways to meaningfully engage in certain evaluative practices, ways that depend on evaluations shared with others with whom we stand in meaningful social relationships. Markets can crowd out these shared evaluations, and to this extent cause us psychological harm; this in turn supplies grounds for restrictions on certain markets within a liberal state.
Growth Hormone Action in Somatostatin Neurons Regulates Anxiety and Fear Memory
Authors: dos Santos Willian O. , Juliano Vitor A. L. , Chaves Fernanda M. , Vieira Henrique R. , Frazao Renata , List Edward O. , Kopchick John J. , Munhoz Carolina D. , Donato Jose 
Published: August 2023

Dysfunctions in growth hormone (GH) secretion increase the prevalence of anxiety and other neuropsychiatric diseases. GH receptor (GHR) signaling in the amygdala has been associated with fear memory, a key feature of posttraumatic stress disorder. However, it is currently unknown which neuronal population is targeted by GH action to influence the development of neuropsychiatric diseases. Here, we showed that approximately 60% of somatostatin (SST)-expressing neurons in the extended amygdala are directly responsive to GH. GHR ablation in SST-expressing cells (SSTΔGHRmice) caused no alterations in energy or glucose metabolism. Notably, SSTΔGHRmale mice exhibited increased anxiety-like behavior in the light-dark box and elevated plus maze tests, whereas SSTΔGHRfemales showed no changes in anxiety. Using auditory Pavlovian fear conditioning, both male and female SSTΔGHRmice exhibited a significant reduction in fear memory. Conversely, GHR ablation in SST neurons did not affect memory in the novel object recognition test. Gene expression was analyzed in a micro punch comprising the central nucleus of the amygdala (CEA) and basolateral (BLA) complex. GHR ablation in SST neurons caused sex-dependent changes in the expression of factors involved in synaptic plasticity and function. In conclusion, GHR expression in SST neurons is necessary to regulate anxiety in males, but not female mice. GHR ablation in SST neurons also decreases fear memory and affects gene expression in the amygdala, although marked sex differences were observed. Our findings identified for the first time a neurochemically-defined neuronal population responsible for mediating the effects of GH on behavioral aspects associated with neuropsychiatric diseases.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTHormone action in the brain regulates different neurological aspects, affecting the predisposition to neuropsychiatric disorders, like depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Growth hormone (GH) receptor is widely expressed in the brain, but the exact function of neuronal GH action is not fully understood. Here, we showed that mice lacking the GH receptor in a group of neurons that express the neuropeptide somatostatin exhibit increased anxiety. However, this effect is only observed in male mice. In contrast, the absence of the GH receptor in somatostatin-expressing neurons decreases fear memory, a key feature of posttraumatic stress disorder, in males and females. Thus, our study identified a specific group of neurons in which GH acts to affect the predisposition to neuropsychiatric diseases.
Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer in Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V during Turning for Different Machining Conditions
Authors: Dhanashree S. Ware, Mahesh P. Kumbhare Ashish R. Pawar, Dattatray P. Kamble, 
Published: August 2023

Heat has critical influences on machining. To certain extent, it can increase tool wear and then reduce tool life, get rise to thermal deformation. But due to the complexity of machining mechanics, it's hard to predict the intensity and distribution of the heat sources in an individual machining operation. This study deals with heat generation during machining process and the experimental investigation of temperature. Elevated temperatures generated in machining operations significantly influence the process efficiency and the surface quality of the machine part. The overall heat transfer between the chip, the tool, and the environment during the metal machining process has an impact on temperatures, wear mechanisms and hence on tool-life and on the accuracy of the machined component. This study deals with experimental study of different cooling methods for different machining conditions. In this presented work cooling has been determined by calculating the heat transfer coefficient. Experiments on work piece cooling conducted on a CNC provided reference temperature data for a model of a cylindrical work piece, which was solved for temperature using a mathematical Equation’s. Heat transfer coefficients were obtained for various convective boundary conditions existing on a work piece when cooling in VTJA air and in MQL coolant. The calculated Cooling characteristics using these heat transfer coefficients has showed good agreement with the experiment.
Assistência Social e Desenvolvimento Social: regressão de direitos socioassistenciais?
Authors: Sposati Aldaiza , Araújo Edgilson Tavares , Boullosa Rosana Freitas 
Published: August 2023

The Social Development as a broader field than Social Assistance policy, in this case reduced to the condition of guardianship action, has been an issue that is persistently present in the neoliberal orientation. The issue was present in debates during the transition process of the new Government Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (2023-2025), which sought to build a model of concertation aimed at democratic restoration. Governments from 2016-2022 removed the status of the State as guarantor of social rights. They illusorily presented the logic of offering emancipation and citizenship through insertion into work, in a context of high unemployment and an increase in social disprotections. Social protection policies were rejected, deprived of resources, social participation, and inter-federal coordination. It is the duty of the Social State and the Fiscal State to rescue and strengthen the Unified Social Assistance System and guarantee constitutional rights. This text aims to stress the understanding of the elements that distinguish the direction of social development from social assistance policy, understanding that they are neither synonyms nor antonyms. Historical and analytical arguments are brought about such understanding, situating current and future challenges for SUAS.
Accuracy of Four Intra-oral Scanners in Subgingival Vertical Preparation: An In Vitro 3-Dimensional Comparative Analysis
Authors: Casucci Alessio , Verniani Giulia , Habib Ralph , Ricci Niccolò Maria , Carboncini Clelia , Ferrari Marco 
Published: August 2023

One of the most critical aspects in introral impression is the detection of the finish line, in particular in case of subgingival preparations. The aim of these in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy among four different IntraOral Scanners (IOSs) in scanning a subgingival vertical margins preparation (VP). A reference maxillary typodont (MT) was fabricated with a VP for full crown on #16 and #21. The MT was scanned with a laboratory scanner (Aadva lab scanner, GC, Tokyo, Japan) to obtain a digital MT (dMT) in .stl format file. A group of 40 digital casts (dIOC) were obtained by scanning the MT 10 times with four different IOSs (Trios 3, 3Shape A/S), ( I700, Medit), (Vivascan, Ivoclar), (Experimental IOS, GC). All the obtained dIOCs were imported into an inspection software program (Geomagic Control X; 3D SYSTEMS) to be superimposed to the dMT, to calculate trueness. Therefore, in order to calculate precision all the scans of the same scanner group were superimposed onto the cast that obtained the best result of trueness. Results were collected as root mean square value (RMS) on #16 and #21 abutment surfaces and on a marginal area positioned 1 mm above and below the gingival margin. A nonparametric analysis Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to compare the RMS values obtained in the different iOS groups for trueness and precision. Statistically significance was set at 0.05. The trueness on #16 abutment, did not statistically differ in between the IOS, while on #21 abutment, Vivascan (56.0 ±12.1) and Experimental IOS, GC (59.2±2.7) performed statistically better than the others. Regarding precision Experimental IOS, GC and Trios 3 were significantly better than I700 and Vivascan both in the #16 (10.7±2,1; 15.8 ± 2,7) and in the #21 area (16.9±13.8 ; 18.0±2.7). At marginal level for both #16 and #21 all the IOS reported reduced accuracy compared to clinical acceptance.
A detailed procedure to maximize IgM-induced Leishmania major mating in vitro
Authors: Serafim Tiago D. , Valenzuela Jesus G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The steps presented here were developed to maximize the production of Leishmania hybrids in vitro. Our protocol was developed by mimicking as closely as possible the environment inside the gut of the sand fly where we successfully and consistently produced hybrids in vivo. It is important to note that producing hybrids in vitro is less optimal than producing them in vivo. Following this step-by-step protocol faithfully and carefully will significantly improve the success of producing hybrids in vitro.
δ-granular reduction in formal fuzzy contexts: Boolean reasoning, graph represent and their algorithms
Authors: Gong Zengtai , Zhang Jing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The fuzzy concept lattice is one of the effective tools for data mining, and granular reduction is one of its significant research contents. However, little research has been done on granular reduction at different granularities in formal fuzzy contexts (FFCs). Furthermore, the complexity of the composition of the fuzzy concept lattice limits the interest in its research. Therefore, how to simplify the concept lattice structure and how to construct granular reduction methods with granularity have become urgent issues that need to be investigated. To this end, firstly, the concept of an object granule with granularity is defined. Secondly, two reduction algorithms, one based on Boolean reasoning and the other on a graph-theoretic heuristic, are formulated while keeping the structure of this object granule unchanged. Further, to simplify the structure of the fuzzy concept lattice, a partial order relation with parameters is proposed. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed reduction approaches are verified by data experiments.
Multi-Objective Optimal Power Flow Problem Using Nelder–Mead based Prairie Dog Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Dora Bimal Kumar , Bhat Sunil , Halder Sudip , Srivast Ishan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The Prairie Dog Optimization Algorithm (PDOA) is a novel metaheuristic algorithm that takes its inspiration from foraging behavior, burrow building activities and communication alarm of Prairie Dog. PDOA has gained extensive popularity among the research community and is now utilized to tackle a variety of optimization challenges. However, the algorithm does not have a healthy equilibrium condition between its exploration and exploitation process. To overcome this problem a novel hybrid algorithm namely Nelder–Mead based Prairie Dog Optimization Algorithm (NMPDOA) is proposed with the help of Nelder–Mead algorithm (NMA). In this paper, NMPDOA is used for solving the multi-objective Optimal Power Flow (MO-OPF) problems. In order to prove the applicability of the suggested technique, it has been applied to 20 different benchmark functions. The suggested technique is tested in the IEEE 30 and IEEE118 bus standard test system and applied in Indian 62 bus system. To determine the effectiveness of the algorithm, the results of PDOA and NMPDOA are compared with other previously published results discussed in the literature. In addition, PDOA and NMPDOA are also applied in two MO-OPF problems. The statistical analysis and t-Test analysis confirm the effectiveness and consistency of NMPDOA for solving real world highly nonlinear and mixed integer optimization problems.
Can the reinforcement sensitivity theory help us understand creative mindsets?
Authors: Karakelle Sema , Saraç Seda 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The creative mindset conceptualization implies that individuals have beliefs about whether creativity is a malleable or a fixed attribute. Studies on creative mindsets have shown that individuals can possess both growth and fixed mindsets rather than just one. People tend to exhibit distinct profiles, with high levels in one mindset and low levels in the other, as well as profiles with high or low levels in both dimensions. This study aimed to investigate whether variability, adaptability, and coexistence in creative mindsets could be explained within the framework of Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. A total of 559 (405 self-identified females and 154 self-identified males) university students aged 18 to 48 (M=21.69, SD=3.32) participated in the study. The findings revealed that behavior activation system sensitivity and the growth mindset might be related. However, no connection between the fixed mindset and the behavioral activation or behavior inhibition system sensitivity could be found. Furthermore, those who simultaneously hold high fixed and growth mindsets exhibited the highest behavior activation sensitivity. It can be concluded that the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory can provide a perspective describing how a growth mindset develops.
Association of Subjective Sleep Pattern with Self-reported Diabetes in China
Authors: Yan Lijing , Sun Huanhuan , Chen Yuling , Yu Xiaohui , Zhang Jingru , Li Peijie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
There is limited research investigating the relationship between self-reported diabetes mellitus and subjective sleep patterns. Our study aims to explore this association by analyzing trends in a cohort study conducted in China using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey longitudinal research (CHNS). We used multilevel logistic regression models to analyze the relationship. Our findings indicate that the prevalence of self- reported diabetes in China increased from 1.10% in 2004 to 3.36% in 2015, with an increase in the prevalence of short-term sleep from 7.03–10.24%. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes increased with increasing BMI levels (Normal and below: 0.67–2.16%, Overweight: 1.58–4.35%, Obesity: 2.68–6.57%, p < 0.01). The short-term sleep subgroup had the highest prevalence (2.14–5.64%). Additionally, we found significant associations between age, education level, ethnicity, coffee, smoking, drinking and the self-reported diabetes. Interestingly, the risk ratios for self-reported diabetes differed between sleep durations. With 6-8hours as the reference group, the risk ratios for self-reported diabetes in the short-term, and long-term sleep subgroups were 1.80 (95% CI: 1.23–2.63), and 1.41 (95%CI: 1.01–1.96), respectively. Raising awareness about the impact of irregular sleep duration on diabetes risk is essential, and these initiatives may serve as effective policies for diabetes control.
Numerical Simulation of Debris Flow Disaster in Yunnan Mountainous Areas Guided by Discrete Element Tracing Method
Authors: He Feng , Li Li , Liu Hongjiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study is to accurately predict and evaluate the occurrence, development, and impact of debris flow disasters, and to further improve the accuracy of debris flow disaster prediction by comparing the simulation results of high-performance algorithms with the measured data and other numerical simulation methods. Discrete Element Tracking Method (DETM) is adopted as a numerical simulation method. Debris flow is regarded as a non-Newtonian fluid composed of many discrete particles, and the motion state and deformation characteristics of debris flow are calculated by tracking the position, velocity, and force of each particle. This study takes a typical debris flow channel in Yunnan Province as an example. Firstly, a three-dimensional (3D) terrain model is established, including the length, width, slope, and curvature of the channel. Secondly, according to the physical characteristics of debris flow, the initial conditions of debris flow are set. Finally, the movement process of debris flow is simulated by DETM, and the position, speed, and force of each particle in the process of debris flow movement are tracked. The numerical simulation results are compared with those of the Finite Element Difference Method (FEDM), and the simulation results are checked with the data in the national debris flow database. It is found that the coincidence degree of debris flow deposition range guided by DETM and debris flow database is 0.89 (FEDM is 0.76). The root mean square error (RMSE) of debris flow deposition thickness and debris flow database is 0.04 (FEDM is 0.23). The relative error of debris flow deposition volume and debris flow database is 0.06 (FEDM is 0.15). The relative error of debris flow movement time and debris flow database is 0.03 (FEDM is 0.19). These results show that DETM can well predict the actual situation of debris flow disasters in mountainous areas of Yunnan. This study not only provides a new tool and basis for the prediction and prevention of debris flow disasters, but also provides a new idea and method for the application of DETM in simulating other non-Newtonian fluids.
Evaluation of Pelvic Sacral Angle as an indicator for spinopelvic balance: A radiographic review of 56 individuals in standing and supine positions
Authors: Qi Hao , zhang Di , xue rui , tian xiangnan , hou zhiyong , chen wei , meng xianzhong , zu feiyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Over the past decade, the sagittal balance of the spine has garnered significant attention from surgeons. The compensatory mechanism of the pelvis plays a crucial role in maintaining the sagittal balance of the whole body. Several methods have been reported for reconstructing spinal sagittal balance based on pelvic parameters. However, controversy persists over restoring appropriate lumbar lordosis in spinal surgery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of PSA and APPA in assessing pelvic position and their correlation with spinopelvic parameters.
Methods
All patients underwent EOS and CT scans in both standing and supine positions to evaluate alterations in spinal sagittal balance parameters between the two postures. Measurements were taken for lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, sacral slope, pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, pelvic sacral angle, and anterior pelvis plane angle. Changes and correlations in sagittal balance parameters in the spinal-pelvic region between the two postures were compared and analyzed.
Results
Statistically significant differences were found between the two groups for pelvic tilt (PT) (p < 0.05). The supine position showed a significantly higher mean value for pelvic sacral angle (PSA) (p = 0.005) compared to the standing position. Similarly, the supine position exhibited a significantly lower mean value for anterior pelvis plane angle (APPA) (p = 0.001) compared to the standing position. Strong correlations were observed between PSA and other spinopelvic parameters, particularly PT, pelvic inclination (PI), sacral slope (SS), thoracic kyphosis (TK), lumbar lordosis (LL), and APPA in both the supine and standing groups. Additionally, a strong correlation was found between APPA and pelvic parameters, especially PI.
Conclusion
The PSA and spinopelvic parameters showed a significant correlation. Our findings suggest that the PSA and APPA can be valuable parameters for assessing spinopelvic balance, particularly in cases involving pelvic rotation. Additionally, the spinal and pelvic parameters obtained in the supine position may offer greater reliability.
Effect Mechanism of Nutrients on Pathogenic Bacteria at The Sediment-Water Interface in Eutrophic Water
Authors: Wen Sun , Yang Zhang , Biao Peng , Jing Wang , Yuansong Wei , Jibao Liu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Based on the target, the research analyses the structure of the microorganism group in sediment-water interface(SWI) and two typical pathogenic bacteria (E. coli, Eateroconcus ) of gene expesion level,the relation between nutrients using the ways of modern biology.The distribution of nutrient content at the SWI mainly shows that the content in the sediment is significantly greater than that in the overlying water body. According to the calculation of the release flux according to Fick's first law, it is found that the PO43--P in the upper reaches of the reservoir is deposited from the overlying water. In addition to sedimentation, the release rate of NH4+-N was significantly greater than that of PO43—P. The community structure was mainly dominated by three genera of Methyloparacoccus, Methylomonas and Arenimonas. Both E.coli and Enterococcus showed that the surface sediment was larger than the overlying water body. Pearson correlation analysis showed that E.coli had a significant positive correlation with TN (P < 0.05) and TP (P < 0.05) at the SWI, while Enterococcus had a significant positive correlation with TN (P < 0.01) and TP (P < 0.01) have a very significant positive correlation.