bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between sleep quality and occupational well-being in employees: The mediating role of occupational self-efficacy
Authors: Peng Jiaxi , Zhang Jiaxi , Wang Bingbing , He Yanchen , Lin Qiuying , Fang Peng , Wu Shengjun 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the impact of sleep quality on occupational well-being in employees by primarily focusing on the mediating role of occupational self-efficacy.MethodsA total of 487 junior staff completed a set of questionnaires comprised Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale, Occupational Self-efficacy Scale, and occupational well-being measurements.ResultsThe results revealed that both sleep quality and occupational self-efficacy were significantly correlated with occupational well-being. The structural equation modeling analysis and the bootstrap test indicated that occupational self-efficacy partially mediated the effect of poor sleep quality on occupational well-being.DiscussionThese findings expand upon existing research on the relationship between sleep quality and well-being among occupational workers, shed light on the correlation of poor sleep quality with occupational well-being, and are valuable in promoting the occupational well-being of employees.
How does short video use generate political identity? Intermediate mechanisms with evidence from China’s small-town youth
Authors: Qin Jing , Du Quanqingqing , Deng Yuanbing , Zhang Bowen , Sun Xiaohui 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionChina’s Small-town Youth is an important social class connecting urban and rural development. Its ideological status is closely related to social stability and development so that the study of political identity of small town youth in China has become an important topic.MethodsBased on survey and in-depth interviews, this paper investigates the intermediate mechanism of short videos use on political identity of China’s Small-town Youth.Results and discussionThe study found that the use of short videos by China’s Small-town Youth has a significant positive impact on political identity, and media trust and political trust play a complete mediating role between the use of short videos and political identity. Cultural identity as the main content of China’s political ideology propaganda, cannot affect political trust. This research provides theoretical basis and practical enlightenment for the systematic understanding of the spiritual world and political beliefs of China’s Small-town Youth, and for exploring how to enhance their political identity through short videos use.
Childhood adversity and educational attainment: Evidence from Zambia on the role of personality
Authors: Rockers Peter C. , Zuilkowski Stephanie Simmons , Fink Günther 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionWe examine whether personality traits mediate the association between childhood adversity and educational attainment using longitudinal data from a cohort in Zambia.MethodsWe fit a structural equation model using data on three forms of childhood adversity—household poverty, stunting as a measure of chronic malnutrition, and death of a parent—and data on the “Big Five” personality traits and educational attainment assessed at 15 years of age.ResultsWe find that childhood poverty and death of a parent are associated with lower openness to experience. Furthermore, openness to experience mediates 93% of the negative association between death of a parent and school enrollment and 19% of the negative association between childhood poverty and enrollment.DiscussionOur findings reinforce a diverse and growing body of evidence linking childhood adversity to educational attainment while also placing it in a new light. Future work should continue to examine the biological and psychosocial pathways that determine openness to experience and other personality traits, as well as their role in shaping important life outcomes.
Evaluating the impact of loneliness and social isolation on health literacy and health-related factors in young adults
Authors: Vasan Shradha , Eikelis Nina , Lim Michelle H. , Lambert Elisabeth 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesIn current study, we aim to extend previous research by investigating the unique impact of loneliness on health literacy and health-related factors of young adults, after controlling for social isolation, depressive symptomology, and social anxiety, as well as evaluate how social isolation and loneliness differ in their impact on health literacy, and health-related factors among young adults, after accounting for abovementioned concomitant variables.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional study design, 521 young adults completed an online survey in 2020, where they self-reported their loneliness, social isolation, health-related factors, and health literacy data.ResultsIncreased loneliness was associated with decrease in several health literacy domains (e.g., poorer social support for health, lower appraisal of health information, among others) and increase in some health-related factors (e.g., higher perceived stress, higher negative affect), among young adults, even after controlling for social anxiety, depressive symptomology, and social isolation. Contrastingly, increase in social isolation was associated with changes in some health-related factors - more somatic health complaints, higher alcohol use, poorer cognitive and physical functioning, and lower scores for only one health literacy domain (i.e., social support for health) among young adults, after adjusting for the influence of social anxiety, depressive symptomology, and loneliness.ConclusionEven after accounting for the influence of several co-occurring social and mental health symptoms, higher loneliness was associated poorer health literacy and health-related factors in young adults. We also found loneliness and social isolation may differ in the mechanisms through which they impact health literacy and health-related factors in young adults.
Impact of comorbidity on patients with COVID-19 in India: A nationwide analysis
Authors: Singh Priya , Bhaskar Yogendra , Verma Pulkit , Rana Shweta , Goel Prabudh , Kumar Sujeet , Gouda Krushna Chandra , Singh Harpreet 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe emergence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as a global pandemic has resulted in the loss of many lives and a significant decline in global economic losses. Thus, for a large country like India, there is a need to comprehend the dynamics of COVID-19 in a clustered way.ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 according to age, gender, and preexisting comorbidity. Patients with COVID-19 were categorized according to comorbidity, and the data over a 2-year period (1 January 2020 to 31 January 2022) were considered to analyze the impact of comorbidity on severe COVID-19 outcomes.MethodsFor different age/gender groups, the distribution of COVID-19 positive, hospitalized, and mortality cases was estimated. The impact of comorbidity was assessed by computing incidence rate (IR), odds ratio (OR), and proportion analysis.ResultsThe results indicated that COVID-19 caused an exponential growth in mortality. In patients over the age of 50, the mortality rate was found to be very high, ~80%. Moreover, based on the estimation of OR, it can be inferred that age and various preexisting comorbidities were found to be predictors of severe COVID-19 outcomes. The strongest risk factors for COVID-19 mortality were preexisting comorbidities like diabetes (OR: 2.39; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.31–2.47; p &lt; 0.0001), hypertension (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 2.23–2.39; p &lt; 0.0001), and heart disease (OR: 2.19; 95% CI: 2.08–2.30; p &lt; 0.0001). The proportion of fatal cases among patients positive for COVID-19 increased with the number of comorbidities.ConclusionThis study concluded that elderly patients with preexisting comorbidities were at an increased risk of COVID-19 mortality. Patients in the elderly age group with underlying medical conditions are recommended for preventive medical care or medical resources and vaccination against COVID-19.
Residential mobility predicts COVID-19 and seasonal flu vaccination behaviors in the United States
Authors: Zhang Ning , Jiang Tao , Zhang Ying , Zhao Gang 
Published: January 2023

AimVaccination is one of the most effective strategies to contain the transmission of infectious diseases; however, people's intentions and behavior for vaccination vary across different regions and countries around the world. It is not clear how socioecological factors such as residential mobility influence people's vaccination behaviors for infectious diseases.MethodsWe analyzed public data on residential mobility and vaccination rates for COVID-19 and seasonal flu in the United States and explored how residential mobility in the previous year influenced vaccination rates for COVID-19 and seasonal flu (2011–2018) across 50 states of the US. The data were accessed and analyzed in 2021.ResultsStudy 1 demonstrated that collective-level residential mobility predicted COVID-19 vaccination rates across the United States (B = −168.162, 95% CI [−307.097, −29.227], adjusted R2 = 0.091, p = 0.019). Study 2 corroborated this finding by documenting that collective-level residential mobility predicted vaccination rates for seasonal flu from 2011 to 2018 across the United States (B = −0.789, 95% CI = [−1.018, −0.56], adjusted R2 = 0.222, p &lt; 0.001). The link between residential mobility and vaccination behavior was robust after controlling relevant variables, including collectivism, cultural tightness–looseness, and sociodemographic variables.ConclusionsOur research demonstrated that residential mobility is an important socioecological factor that influences people's vaccination behaviors for COVID-19 and seasonal flu. The results enrich our understanding of the socioecological factors that influence vaccination behaviors and have implications for developing tailored interventions to promote vaccination during pandemics of infectious diseases.
Cost-benefit analysis for health project evaluation (example of a Russian outpatient clinics' project in the Novosibirsk region)
Authors: Novikova Tatyana , Kaneva Maria , Zafarjonova Mokhidilkhon 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe development of social infrastructure projects in medicine corresponds to transforming public priorities toward social development in general and health care in particular. Therefore, there is a need to develop comprehensive quantitative methods for evaluating such projects.MethodsThis paper uses a combination of two approaches: first, cost-benefit analysis taking into account the relationship between financial and economic efficiency; second, the study of the efficiency of participation in a public-private partnership concerning project efficiency. The model's financial bloc is focused on analyzing the return on investment in fixed and working capital, considering the terminal value. The economic bloc includes social and tax effects (along with environmental, price, indirect, and other specific public effects). We apply fixed effects regression models to calculate multipliers used to estimate the social effects. Multipliers are based on: public health expenditure, human development index, and life expectancy. The proposed methodology has been adapted for evaluating the Seven Polyclinics' project as a flagship project for developing social infrastructure in the Novosibirsk Region.Results and discussionThe evaluation results revealed a deficient level of financial efficiency of the project characterized by negative net present value and low internal rate of return. Simultaneously, the efficiency of participation in the project for private investors using the public-private partnership mechanism is characterized by high rates of return on private investment. In the transition to the economic analysis, the results fundamentally change, taking into account social and tax effects and detecting an exceptionally high level of all economic indicators of the project. As the project's primary beneficiaries, the economic analysis identified polyclinic patients who received the opportunity to acquire new medical services. At the same time, within the financial analysis framework, the mechanisms for implementing the project were determined, ensuring the consistency of interests. The distribution of effects among the project participants was compared for various funding methods, including the public-private partnerships mechanism. It is shown that the project implementation leads to significant social effects and provides a noticeable improvement in population health. The proposed methodology can be used for decision making on the implementation of similar projects.
Outbreak of diarrheal diseases causes mortality in different geographical locations of Bangladesh during the 2021 COVID-19 era
Authors: Khan Ashraful Islam , Islam Md. Taufiqul , Amin Mohammad Ashraful , Khan Zahid Hasan , Qadri Firdausi 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesDiarrhea is a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries, including Bangladesh. Of the different spectrums of diarrheal diseases, cholera occurs every year, causing outbreaks and epidemics following a biannual seasonal pattern. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, hospitalization for diarrheal diseases decreased in 2020 compared to the previous years. However, in 2021, massive outbreaks occurred in different geographical locations of the country. We described that an outbreak of diarrheal diseases causes mortality in different geographical locations in Bangladesh.MethodIn this study, we present a report of diarrhea outbreaks that were reported in 2018–2021 in different parts of Bangladesh, and data have been captured from different sources such as print and electronic media as well as from a nationwide surveillance system.ResultsAmong these locations, districts of Barisal Division, Kishorganj, Noakhali, Gopalganj, Bandarban, and Chattogram were the major hotspots of the outbreaks where high morbidity due to acute watery diarrhea and even mortality, which is usually low in Bangladesh, were recorded.ConclusionEarly detection and prevention and strengthening of the surveillance system are needed to combat the diarrheal upsurge, take immediate control, and adopt preventive strategies.
Tributyrin and anise mixture supplementation improves growth performance, nutrient digestibility, jejunal villus height, and fecal microbiota in weaned pigs
Authors: Dang De Xin , Lee Haeun , Lee Seung Jae , Song Jun Ho , Mun Seyoung , Lee Kang Yeon , Han Kyudong , Kim In Ho 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of tributyrin and anise mixture (TA) on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, fecal noxious gas emission, fecal score, jejunal villus height, hematology parameters, and fecal microbiota of weaned pigs.MethodsA total of 150 21-day-old crossbred weaned pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were used in a randomized complete block design experiment. All pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups based on the initial body weight (6.19 ± 0.29 kg). Each group had 10 replicate pens with 5 pigs (three barrows and two gilts) per pen. The experimental period was 42 days and consisted of 3 phases (phase 1, days 1–7; phase 2, days 8–21; phase 3, days 22–42). Dietary treatments were based on a corn-soybean meal-basal diet and supplemented with 0.000, 0.075, or 0.150% TA.Results and discussionWe found that dietary supplementation of graded levels of TA linearly improved body weight, body weight gain, average daily feed intake, and feed efficiency (P &lt; 0.05). TA supplementation also had positive effects on apparent dry matter, crude protein, and energy digestibility (P &lt; 0.05) and jejunal villus height (P &lt; 0.05). The emission of ammonia from feces decreased linearly with the dose of TA increased (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, TA supplementation was capable to regulate the fecal microbiota diversity, manifesting in a linearly increased Chao1 index and observed species and a linearly decreased Pielou's index (P &lt; 0.05). The abundance of Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Clostridium butyricum were increased, while the abundance of Prevotella copri was decreased, by treatment (P &lt; 0.05). Therefore, we speculated that TA supplementation would improve growth performance and reduce fecal ammonia emission through improving nutrient digestibility, which was attributed to the increase of jejunal villus height and the regulation of fecal microbiota.
Metodologías para la evaluación de proyectos sociales en las zonas rurales
Authors: Santander-Zuñiga Brigith Andrea , Valencia-Botero Diego Fernando , Hernandez Hector Andres 
Published: January 2023

El propósito de este artículo es investigar las diferentes metodologías para la evaluación de proyectos sociales a nivel internacional y local, con base en ello proponer nuevas o combinadas prácticas para la evaluación de proyectos sociales en zonas rurales. Con esta investigación se pudo observar que la importancia dada a la Evaluación de proyectos sociales ha sido muy poca, y mayormente en poblaciones vulnerables. En general no se tiene una cultura de rendición de cuentas que ayude a tomar decisiones fundamentadas en experiencias y, además, la revisión de los artículos estudiados evidencia que a veces los proyectos no generan los efectos esperados o incluso pueden llegar a tener impactos negativos sobre la población y el medio en el que intervienen.
Este artículo está compuesto de la introducción donde se plantea el propósito de la investigación, la metodología que se usó, la discusión en la cual se revisaron las diferentes metodologías aplicadas en la evaluación de proyectos, los resultados donde se plantea una forma para evaluar los proyectos sociales en zonas rurales, y por último, la conclusión en donde de forma general se da una reflexión de lo que se encontró en el artículo y las recomendaciones para futuras investigaciones.
Clinicopathologic Spectrum of Renal Lesions Following Anti-TNF-α Inhibitor Therapy: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Usui Joichi , Salvatore Steven P. , Yamagata Kunihiro , Seshan Surya V. 
Published: January 2023

Key Points

This renal biopsy study documents clinical renal dysfunction and pathologic lesions encountered in patients after anti-TNFα therapy and compares them with similar patients without treatment.This study highlights the spectrum of autoimmune, serologic, and other kidney adverse effects of anti-TNFα therapy.Unrelated active or chronic renal lesions including amyloidosis secondary to the underlying systemic inflammatory states may be observed.

Background
Anti-TNFα inhibitors, as biological agents, are used in autoimmune inflammatory states, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PA), and Crohn disease. They can induce autoimmune serologic responses and clinical disorders, including systemic vasculitis and lupus-like diseases, affecting the kidney.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of clinicopathologic features of kidney disease after anti-TNFα therapy (treatment group) from our renal biopsy files from 2000 to 2018 is conducted and compared with 106 patients without therapy (control group).

Results
Forty-eight patients using anti-TNFα agents had renal biopsies: RA in 30, PA six, Crohn disease six, RA and PA one, RA and Crohn disease one, and others four. Twenty received etanercept, 15 adalimumab, eight infliximab, and five two forms of agents manifesting new-onset nephritic syndrome or CKD, 17 with AKI and 16 nephrotic syndrome, with recent ANCA and/or lupus serology. The renal lesions were crescentic GN in eight, pauci-immune–type in five, and ANCA+ in five. Lupus or lupus-like nephritis was seen in six: International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society 2018 class II—2, class V—2, class III+V—1, and class IV+V—1, and concurrent fibrillary GN, scleroderma/thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), and amyloidosis in three. Renal lesions unrelated to anti-TNFα therapy or underlying autoimmune disease were noted in 23 patients (e.g., diabetic nephropathy, interstitial nephritis, acute tubular injury, infection-related GN); immunoglobulin A nephropathy, renal sarcoidosis, and amyloid A amyloidosis were noted in five patients. TMA was recognized in five patients, one associated with scleroderma and one anti-phospholipid antibodies, and two had nephrotic syndrome secondary to podocytopathy. The control group was similar with higher number of immune-mediated GN, interstitial nephritis, and amyloidosis.

Conclusion:
The renal lesions during anti-TNFα therapy have an autoimmune basis such as ANCA and lupus or lupus-like disease, correlated with new-onset serology, while others were similar to those observed in the control group. Renal biopsy findings integrated with clinical features and therapy can identify the underlying pathophysiologic process for appropriate management.
Distribuição espacial de <em>Attalea geraensis</em> Barb. Rodr. (Arecaceae) em duas áreas no norte de Minas Gerais
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Henrique de , Ferreira Gardênia , Fernandes Ricardo Rodrigues , Alves Aldenice Barbosa , Veloso Romulo Barbosa , Arrudas Sonia Ribeiro , Veloso Maria das Dores Magalhães 
Published: January 2023

O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar o levantamento da distribuição espacial de indivíduos em diferentes classes de desenvolvimento da palmeira Attalea geraensis, em duas populações localizadas no Norte de Minas Gerais. As áreas de estudo foram Grão Mogol e Montes Claros. Em cada área, foi demarcada uma parcela de 100 x 100m, subdividida em 100 parcelas de 10 x 10m. Avaliou-se a altura e o diâmetro da altura do solo (DAS) de todos os indivíduos. A partir destes resultados os indivíduos foram divididos em: Plântulas, Planta Jovem I; Planta Jovem II; Imaturos; e Adultos. Para a análise do padrão espacial foi utilizada a Função K-univariada de Ripley. Em Grão Mogol foram encontrados 226 indivíduos, sendo 32 plântulas, 58 jovens (I), 33 jovens (II), 44 imaturos e 59 adultos. A população apresentou um padrão agregado, e a distribuição das plântulas revelou-se aleatória, e independente em relação à presença de adultos. Já em Montes Claros foram amostrados 176 indivíduos, sendo 80 adultos, 51 jovens (I), 24 jovens (II), 21 imaturos, nenhuma plântula, e a população foi considerada agregada. Os valores do número de individuos de Attalea geraensis encontrados em Grão Mogol foram superiores ao amostrados em Montes Claros. É importante salientar que essa diferença na distribuição da espécie pode ser explicada devido aos impactos antrópicos que a área de Montes Claros vem sofrendo. Logo, os dados amostrados podem fornecer subsídios para elaboração de estratégias de recuperação preservação da espécie nestas duas regiões.