bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intermittent fasting and immunomodulatory effects: A systematic review
Authors: He Zhangyuting , Xu Haifeng , Li Changcan , Yang Huayu , Mao Yilei 
Published: February 2023

Introductionstrategy of periodic food restriction and fixed eating windows, could beneficially modify individuals by losing body weight, regulating glucose or lipid metabolism, reducing blood pressure, and modulating the immune system. Specific effects of IF and its mechanisms have not yet been assessed collectively. Thus, this systematic review aims to summarize and compare clinical trials that explored the immunomodulatory effects of IF.MethodsAfter screening, 28 studies were included in this systematic review.ResultsIn addition to weight loss, IF could benefit health subjects by strengthening their circadian rhythms, migrating immune cells, lower inflammatory factors, and enriching microbials. In addition of the anti-inflammatory effect by regulating macrophages, protection against oxidative stress with hormone secretion and oxidative-related gene expression plays a key beneficial role for the influence of IF on obese subjects.DiscussionPhysiological stress by surgery and pathophysiological disorders by endocrine diseases may be partly eased with IF. Moreover, IF might be used to treat anxiety and cognitive disorders with its cellular, metabolic and circadian mechanisms. Finally, the specific effects of IF and the mechanisms pertaining to immune system in these conditions require additional studies.
Diagnostic performance of different anthropometric indices among Iranian adolescents for intima media thickness in early adulthood: A prospective study and literature review
Authors: Asghari Golaleh , Nikparast Ali , Mahdavi Maryam , Dehghan Pooneh , Valizadeh Majid , Hosseinpanah Farhad , Azizi Fereidoun , Hadaegh Farzad 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThere is debate regarding which anthropometric indices is the most appropriate predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in adolescents with high carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in early adulthood, as the surrogate marker of CVD in a cohort study.MethodsA total of 875 Iranian adolescents (female = 421) aged 10–17 years old were entered the study. The cIMT was measured in early adulthood (20–38 years old) after 18.2 (median) years of follow-up and defined as &gt; 90th percentile for sex and age groups. The gender specific association between a 1-SD increase in each anthropometric measures with high cIMT was examined using multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, smoking, family history of CVD, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, and fasting blood sugar. In the multivariable analysis, the interaction between sex and age groups with anthropometric measures were significant (all p-values &lt; 0.05).ResultsAmong males, all anthropometric measures including BMI, WC, WHR, and WHtR were associated with high cIMT; the corresponding odds ratios were 1.43 (1.05–1.94), 1.63 (1.22–2.19), 1.33 (1.03–1.71), and 1.41 (1.07–1.87), respectively. However, after considering the related adulthood anthropometric measurements, the association remained significant for WC 1.48 (1.04–2.10) and WHR [1.28 (0.99–1.66), P = 0.06]. Moreover, among early adolescent boys aged 10–14 years, all of the anthropometric measures were significantly associated with high cIMT in the multivariate analysis that included the related adulthood anthropometric measures. The area under the curve (AUC) for the anthropometric measurements among males ranged from 0.576 for WHtR up to 0.632 for WC, without any superiority between them. Among females, only in linear regression analysis, a significant association were found between the higher value of WC and WHtR with cIMT measurement in adulthood; however, the risk reached to null after considering adult anthropometric measures.ConclusionGeneral and central obesity measures were significantly associated with high cIMT only among Iranian male adolescents, the relationship that were more prominent among pre-pubertal males.
Distribution of residual tumors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant PD-1 blockade combined with chemotherapy
Authors: Jiang Dongxian , Song Qi , Tang Han , Shi Peng , Zhang Xiaolei , Liu Yufeng , Wang Haixing , Deng Minying , Huang Jie , Su Jieakesu , Xu Chen , Tan Lijie , Hou Yingyong 
Published: February 2023

AimsThe distribution of residual esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in the esophageal wall and resected lymph nodes was evaluated after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (nICT).Methods and resultsClinical data were collected from 137 ESCC patients who underwent anti-programmed death 1 therapy and esophagectomy. Ninety (65.7%) achieved an major pathological response (MPR) in the esophageal wall, and 27 (19.7%) achieved an MPR in the lymph nodes. Pathologically complete response (pCR, ypT0N0) was observed in 26 patients (19%). Residual tumors located in the mucosa and/or submucosa were found in 94.6% of nonpCR patients. In the minor responders, 97.8% had residual tumor &gt;10% in the mucosa or submucosa. A preferential regression direction toward the lumen was found in 76.4% of prepT2 nonpCR patients, or 60.7% of prepT3-4a nonpCR patients. The correlation between pCR in the esophageal wall and in lymph nodes was not significant (P=0.143). Among 19 patients with pCR in resected recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) lymph nodes, 31.6% had residual tumor cells in other resected lymph nodes. A significant correlation was found between ypT/ypN downstaging and tumor regression grade (P&lt;0.05).ConclusionsAfter nICT for ESCC, residual tumors were frequently found in the mucosa or submucosa, with relatively high responsiveness of the invasive front and a significant correlation with downstaging, which may help clinicians make appropriate decisions about postoperative treatment and surveillance. The differences in pCR status in primary tumors, resected lymph nodes, and RLN lymph nodes indicated the importance of assessing regression changes in all resected lymph nodes during clinical practice.
Comprehensive genomics analysis of aging related gene signature to predict the prognosis and drug resistance of colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Feng Jubin , Fu Fengyihuan , Nie Yuqiang 
Published: February 2023

Background: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a heterogeneous tumor and senescence is crucial in the occurrence of cancer. This study aimed to identify senescence-based subtypes and construct a prognostic signature to predict the prognosis and guide immunotherapy or chemotherapy decisions for COAD patients.Methods: Based on the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of 13 samples from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we assessed cellular senescence characteristics. Transcriptome data, copy number variations (CNVs) and single nucleotide variations (SNVs) data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. GSE39582 and GSE17537 were used for validation. Senescence subtypes were identified using unsupervised consensus clustering analysis, and a prognostic signature was developed using univariate Cox analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Response of risk groups to chemotherapy was predicted using the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. We further analyzed the relationship between risk gene expression and methylation level. The prediction performance was assessed by nomogram.Results: Senescence-related pathways were highly enriched in malignant cells and bulk RNA-seq verified cellular senescence. Three senescence subtypes were identified, in which patients in clust3 had poorest prognosis and higher T stage, accompanied with higher tumor mutation burden (TMB) and mutations, activated inflammatory response, more immune cell infiltration, and higher immune escape tendency. A senescence-based signature using 11 genes (MFNG, GPRC5B, TNNT1, CCL22, NOXA1, PABPC1L, PCOLCE2, MID2, CPA3, HSPA1A, and CALB1) was established, and accurately predicted a lower prognosis in high risk patients. Its robustness was validated by external cohort. Low risk patients were more sensitive to small molecule drugs including Erlotinib, Sunitinib, MG-132, CGP-082996, AZ628, Sorafenib, VX-680, and Z-LLNle-CHO. Risk score was an independent prognostic factor and nomogram confirmed its reliability. Four risk genes (CALB1, CPA3, NOXA1, and TNNT1) had significant positive correlation with their methylation level, while six genes (CCL22, GPRC5B, HSPA1A, MFNG, PABPC1L, and PCOLCE2) were negatively correlated with their methylation level.Conclusion: This study provides novel understanding of heterogeneity in COAD from the perspective of senescence, and develops signatures for prognosis prediction in COAD.
The softening of Chinese digital propaganda: Evidence from the People’s Daily Weibo account during the pandemic
Authors: Zhang Chang , Zhang Dechun , Shao Hsuan Lei 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSocial media infuses modern relationships with vitality and brings a series of information dissemination with subjective consciousness. Studies have indicated that official Chinese media channels are transforming their communication style from didactic hard persuasion to softened emotional management in the digital era. However, previous studies have rarely provided valid empirical evidence for the communicational transformation. The study fills the gap by providing a longitudinal time-series analysis to reveal the pattern of communication of Chinese digital Chinese official media from 2019 to 2022.MethodThe study crawler collected 43,259 posts from the People’s Daily’s Weibo account from 2019 to 2021. The study analyzed the textual data with using trained artificial intelligence models.ResultsThis study explored the practices of the People’s Daily’s Weibo account from 2019 to 2021, COVID-19 is hardly normalized as it is still used as the justification for extraordinary measures in China. This study confirmed that People’s Daily’s Weibo account posts are undergoing softenization transformation, with the use of soft news, positive energy promotion, and the embedding of sentiment. Although the outburst of COVID-19 temporarily increased the media’s use of hard news, it only occur at the initial stage of the pandemic. Emotional posts occupy a nonnegligible amount of the People’s Daily Weibo content. However, the majority of posts are emotionally neutral and contribute to shaping the authoritative image of the party press.DiscussionOverall, the People’s Daily has softened their communication style on digital platforms and used emotional mobilization, distraction, and timely information provision to balance the political logic of building an authoritative media agency and the media logic of constructing audience relevance.
Life review on psychospiritual outcomes among older adults with life-threatening illnesses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Mandong , Wang Ying , Du Yan , Chi Iris 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundAt the intersection of old age and illness, older adults with life-threatening illnesses (LTI) are a group who often show resilience and seek validation of life, acceptance, and integration of past and now, even under the fear of loss, suffering, and dying evoked by life adversities. Life review has been widely conducted to help older adults enhance well-being and cope with burdens. Spirituality is an important part of an older adult’ overall well-being, especially for those with LTI. However, few review studies examined the effectiveness of life review interventions on psychospiritual outcomes among this population. The aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness of life review on psychospiritual well-being among older adults with LTI.MethodsA systematic review with meta-analysis following the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration was conducted. Database searches included PubMed, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, the Campbell Library, EBSCO, CNKI, and the Airiti Library up to March 2020. Gray literature and reference lists from relevant articles were also searched and reviewed.ResultsIn total, 34 studies were included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis for outcomes of depression (n= 24), quality-of-life (QOL) (n= 10), anxiety (n= 5), life satisfaction (n= 3), mood (n= 3), apathy (n= 2), and general well-being (n= 2). Other psychospiritual outcome measures included spirituality, self-esteem, meaning in life, hope, and some multi-dimensional instruments. The studies greatly varied in program design, content, format, length, and more. Although with high heterogeneity, meta-analysis results demonstrated standardized mean differences in favor of life review in decreasing depression, anxiety, negative mood, and increasing positive mood and QOL compared with the control group.ConclusionThis review calls for including more psycho-spiritual well-being measures among interventions for older adults with LTI, as well as studies with rigorous designs in future research.
Implementation of occupational safety and health measures at German schools during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic—cross-sectional results from 31,089 teachers
Authors: Koestner Clemens , Eggert Viktoria , Dicks Theresa , Beutel Till , Kalo Kristin , Zähme Carolina , Letzel Stephan , Dietz Pavel 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic exacerbated existing health-related challenges in schools and created new ones. Under pandemic conditions, health risks increased, and with them the requirements for occupational safety and health (OSH) measures. The aim of the study was (a) to examine the status quo of OSH measures in German schools, (b) to analyze whether the implementation of OSH measures was associated with preferable outcomes and (c) to identify predictors for the implementation of OSH measures.MethodsA nationwide cross-sectional online survey was conducted among teachers at all school types in Germany in March 2021. Data on the implementation of OSH measures (risk assessments, infection protection instructions and instructions on occupational safety), associated health-related parameters (e.g., somatic symptoms, PHQ-15) and predictor variables (e.g., gender, age or federal states) were assessed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis.ResultsLess than 10% of surveyed teachers (N = 31,089) reported that their schools met legal requirements for occupational safety and health measures. Beneficial associations became apparent where more measures were implemented, e.g., significantly better somatic and mental health. Predictors for the implementation of OSH measures were found, especially on a systemic level (e.g., federal states schools were located in).ConclusionsOur study can serve as a basis for future studies. It provides a status quo regarding the implementation of, associations with and predictors for OSH measures in German schools. Our results are best understood as evidence-based arguments to encourage political decision makers to improve the implementation of OSH measures in German schools and thereby foster teachers' health.
Behavioral Response of a Specialist Predator, Stethorus gilvifrons (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera), to Cope with Web Structures of Four Different Spider Mite Pest Species
Authors: Mirza Jawwad Hassan , Kamran Muhammad , Alatawi Fahad Jaber 
Published: February 2023

The present study aimed to evaluate the web coping and attack behavior of a specialist mite predator, Stethorus gilvifrons, against the webbing structures of different spider mite pest species: Oligonychus afrasiaticus, Tetranychus urticae, Eutetranychus orientalis and O. punicae. The females of each pest species, in three different treatments, were allowed to construct web structures in the experimental arenas. The predator exhibited three different attack behaviors which were associated with the webbing life types of pest species. Against the O. afrasiaticus web, the predator used its palps and mandibles. Against the T. urticae web, the predator also made use of its first pair of legs to widen the entry hole it made by cutting. Against the O. punicae web, the predator protruded its hypognathous mouthparts to feed on mite individuals by merely entering into the web. Behavioral responses were also found to be associated with webbing life types of pests. Against O. afrasiaticus and O. punicae, the predator spent much time in web penetration and searching behaviors, respectively. The density-dependent complexity of web structure may cause hindrance to the predator, and it is suggested that adults should be released when a pest colony is growing with low webbing complexity for efficient pest management.
Establishment of a Real-Time PCR Assay for the Detection of Devriesea agamarum in Lizards
Authors: Brockmann Maria , Leineweber Christoph , Hellebuyck Tom , Martel An , Pasmans Frank , Gentil Michaela , Müller Elisabeth , Marschang Rachel E. 
Published: February 2023

(1) Background: Devriesea (D.) agamarum is a potential cause of dermatitis and cheilitis in lizards. The aim of this study was to establish a real-time PCR assay for the detection of D. agamarum. (2) Methods: Primers and probe were selected targeting the 16S rRNA gene, using sequences of 16S rRNA genes of D. agamarum as well as of other bacterial species derived from GenBank. The PCR assay was tested with 14 positive controls of different D. agamarum cultures as well as with 34 negative controls of various non-D. agamarum bacterial cultures. Additionally, samples of 38 lizards, mostly Uromastyx spp. and Pogona spp., submitted to a commercial veterinary laboratory were tested for the presence of D. agamarum using the established protocol. (3) Results: Concentrations of as low as 2 × 104 colonies per mL were detectable using dilutions of bacterial cell culture (corresponding to approximately 200 CFU per PCR). The assay resulted in an intraassay percent of coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.31% and an interassay CV of 1.80%. (4) Conclusions: The presented assay is able to detect D. agamarum in clinical samples, decreasing laboratory turn-around time in comparison to conventional culture-based detection methods.
Antibacterial and Phytochemical Screening of Artemisia Species
Authors: Bordean Maria-Evelina , Ungur Rodica Ana , Toc Dan Alexandru , Borda Ileana Monica , Marțiș Georgiana Smaranda , Pop Carmen Rodica , Filip Miuța , Vlassa Mihaela , Nasui Bogdana Adriana , Pop Anamaria , Cinteză Delia , Popa Florina Ligia , Marian Sabina , Szanto Lidia Gizella , Muste Sevastița 
Published: February 2023

Taking into account the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, actual research focused on plant extracts is vital. The aim of our study was to investigate leaf and stem ethanolic extracts of Artemisia absinthium L. and Artemisia annua L. in order to explore their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Total phenolic content (TPC) was evaluated spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS. The antibacterial activity of wormwood extracts was assessed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) in Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enteritidis cultures, and by zone of inhibition in Klebsiella carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and Escherichia coli extended-spectrum β-lactamases cultures (ESBL). The Artemisia annua L. leaf extract (AnL) exhibited the highest TPC (518.09 mg/mL) and the highest expression of sinapic acid (285.69 ± 0.002 µg/mL). Nevertheless, the highest antioxidant capacity (1360.51 ± 0.04 µM Trolox/g DW by ABTS and 735.77 ± 0.02 µM Trolox/g DW by DPPH) was found in Artemisia absinthium L. leaf from the second year of vegetation (AbL2). AnL extract exhibited the lowest MIC and MBC for all tested bacteria and the maximal zone of inhibition for Klebsiella CRE and Escherichia coli ESBL. Our study revealed that AbL2 exhibited the best antioxidant potential, while AnL extract had the strongest antibacterial effect.
Freshwater Landscape Reconstruction from the Bronze Age Site of Borsodivánka (North-Eastern Hungary)
Authors: Blanco-Lapaz Angel , Fischl Klára P. , Röpke Astrid , Zerl Tanja , Nolde Nadine , Schmid Michael , Kienlin Tobias L. 
Published: February 2023

This multiproxy work presents the archeozoological analysis of fish and microvertebrate remains from the Middle Bronze Age tell site of Borsodivánka (Borsod Plain, North-eastern Hungary). The fish faunal assemblage provides valuable data on the choice of exploited consumption patterns, taphonomy, and aquatic paleoenvironmental conditions at the site during the Bronze Age. Only freshwater taxa are present in the assemblage, for example, northern pike (Esox lucius); cyprinids: roach (Rutilus rutilus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), common chub (Squalius cephalus) and common nase (Chondrostoma nasus); and percids: European perch (Perca fluviatilis) and pikeperch (Sander lucioperca). Herpetofaunal and micromammal remains are also part of this study, improving our knowledge of the site’s freshwater ecosystem. The grass snake (Natrix cf. natrix) and the European pond terrapin (Emys orbicularis), typical of aquatic ecosystems, are associated with the Aesculapian ratsnake (Zamenis longissimus), more typical of forest, shrubland, and grassland. The presence of amphibians such as toads (Bufo/Bufotes sp.) and frogs (Rana sp.) complete the herpetofaunal list. The microvertebrates also support a mature fluvial system, as represented by taxa like the European water vole (Arvicola amphibius). Other micromammals are present, such as the wood mouse (Apodemus sylvaticus), the group of the common/field vole (Microtus arvalis/agrestis), the European mole (Talpa europaea), and the house mouse (Mus musculus). All of them are common in forests, shrubland, and grassland. However, the commensal house mouse is more commonly associated with anthropogenic areas. In conclusion, Borsodivánka is characterized by a diverse landscape mosaic, displayed by the co-existence of a well-developed forest and a freshwater inland ecosystem with agricultural land in the wider area. Finally, the Tisza River and its flood plain represented the main water source close to the site, distinguished by the dominance of fish species from deep and slow-flowing waters.
Analysis of Millennial Tourists’ Interests in Garut Regency
Authors: Daniati Hanna , M. Agus Syadad  , Ridwan Iskandar  , Roselinawati  , Ignatius Purwanggono  
Published: February 2023

Millennials are highly potential for being targeted as tourists in Garut Regency. This quantitative study, therefore, was aimed at analyzing the interests of millennial tourists in Garut Regency. The results found that the millennial tourists’ interest in Garut Regency with the highest value is the socioeconomically introverted. This shows that even though considered as young tourists and having high productivity, the millenn ial tourists, in conducting tourism activities, are still influenced by the desire to refresh, have fun, socialize, and take advantage of their spare time.