bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrophysiological findings during re-do procedures after single-shot pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation with pulsed field ablation
Authors: Magni Federico Tancredi , Scherr Daniel , Manninger Martin , Sohns Christian , Sommer Philip , Hovakimyan Tatevik , Blaauw Yuri , Mulder Bart A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel ablation technology recently adopted in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Currently, little is known about the durability of PFA ablation lesions.

Methods
We investigated patients who underwent redo-ablation due to recurrent AF/atrial-flutter or tachycardia (AFL/AT) following PVI with PFA. We report electrophysiological findings and ablation strategy during redo-ablation.

Results
Of 447 patients undergoing index PVI with PFA, 14 patients (age: 61.9±10.8 years; 7 (50.0%) males; left atrial volume index (n=10): 39.4±14.6 mL/m2) were referred for redo-ablation. Initial indication was paroxysmal-AF in 7 patients, persistent-AF in 6 and long-standing-persistent-AF in one patient. Mean time-to-recurrence was 4.9±1.9 months. Three patients received additional posterior-wall-isolation during index PFA. Twelve (85.7%) patients suffered AF recurrence and 5/12 had concomitant AFL. In the remaining 2 patients, one had a (box-dependent) AFL, and one had an atypical AT. No patients had all PVs reconnected. Reconnection in zero, one, two or three PVs was found in 35.7%, 21.4%, 14.3%, and 28.6% of patients, respectively. All 7 patients with zero or one reconnection with AF recurrence received additional/repeat posterior-wall-isolation during re-ablation, while in the others, PVs were re-isolated. Patients with only AFL/AT had no reconnection of PVs, and the substrate was successfully ablated.

Conclusions
Durable PVI (all PV’s isolated) was observed in over one-third of patients at re-do. The predominant recurrent arrhythmia following PVI-only was AF. Concomitant (35.7%) or isolated (14.3%) AFL/AT recurrence was observed in 50% of patients.
Evaluation of the susceptibility of Alphitobius diaperinus meal to infestations by major stored-product beetle species
Authors: Rigopoulou Marianna , Rumbos Christos , Athanassiou Christos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The projections for the production of insects as food and feed show an enormous increase for insect production in the near future, which will subsequently lead to the increase of the stored quantities of insect meals and related products. However, information on the susceptibility of insect meals to infestations by stored-product insects is rather limited. To this end, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of major storage insect species to grow and reproduce on insect meals that are based on larvae of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus. The progeny production of thirteen stored-product insects on A. diaperinus meal, as well as their instantaneous rate of increase, as a measure of population growth, was recorded for each species. Based on the results, six out of the thirteen examined insect species (A. diaperinus, Tenebrio molitor, Trogoderma granarium, Lasioderma serricorne, Tribolium confusum, and Tribolium castaneum) were able to infest pure A. diaperinus meal, as they grew well and developed progeny on the insect meal substrate. Tribolium confusum, T. castaneum, and especially T. granarium gave the highest progeny production numbers in the A. diaperinus meal with the latter giving an instantaneous rate of increase of 0.067. Expecting the upcoming increase in the production of insect-based products globally, further research in this field is needed for improved production and storage facilities, detection and estimation methods, and technologies to minimize insect infestations without causing negative effects to farmed insects.
A p-Si/CoPc Hybrid Photodiode System for Looking at Frequency and Temperature Dependence on Dielectric Relaxation and AC Electrical Conductivity
Authors: Mostafa A. , Ashour A. , Balboul Basma A. A. , Assem E. E. , Mostafa Mostafa Y. A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this work, a heterojunction of Al/p-Si/CoPc/Au was fabricated using the thermal evaporation technique by depositing CoPc on the p-Si. Complex impedance spectroscopy was employed to investigate the impedance characteristics and the full band profile measurements of the fabricated heterojunction. Arrhenius fitting of double relaxation operations was utilized to determine the activation energy of the tested device. The studied device gains a negative temperature resistance coefficient as interpreted from the electrical conductivity and Cole–Cole fitting. The lifetimes of the excess minority carriers, the coefficients of carrier diffusion, and the charge carrier mobilities at the interfaces were measured and estimated.
Comments on: Nonparametric estimation in mixture cure models with covariates
Authors: Cao Ricardo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses the invited paper by López-Cheda, Peng and Jácome on nonparametric mixture cure models with covariates. An alternative estimation procedure is proposed in this context. The situation when the two covariate vectors (the one in the incidence and in the latency parts) share some, but not all, their covariates is also considered. Some technical aspects in the assumptions, results and proofs of the invited paper are also discussed. Comments on the simulations and the real-data application are included. Finally, possible interesting topics for further research in this field are briefly discussed.
Stability and Conditioning of Immersed Finite Element Methods: Analysis and Remedies
Authors: de Prenter Frits , Verhoosel Clemens V. , van Brummelen E. Harald , Larson Mats G. , Badia Santiago 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis review paper discusses the developments in immersed or unfitted finite element methods over the past decade. The main focus is the analysis and the treatment of the adverse effects of small cut elements. We distinguish between adverse effects regarding the stability and adverse effects regarding the conditioning of the system, and we present an overview of the developed remedies. In particular, we provide a detailed explanation of Schwarz preconditioning, element aggregation, and the ghost penalty formulation. Furthermore, we outline the methodologies developed for quadrature and weak enforcement of Dirichlet conditions, and we discuss open questions and future research directions.
Comprehensive analysis of ferroptosis-related genes for clinical and biological significance in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wu Qixian , Tan Zhenlin , Xiong Yu , Gu Chengxin , Zhou Jingdon , Yang Hui , Zhou Jiyuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to build a prognostic model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with ferroptosis-associated genes and explore their molecular function.

Methods
Gene expression data and clinical information were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC). A ferroptosis-associated gene set was obtained from the FerrDb database to identify differentially expressed genes. Then, we performed pathway enrichment analysis and immune infiltration analysis. A combined model based on ferroptosis-associated genes for predicting the overall survival of HCC was built by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, colony formation, CCK-8, and EdU incorporation assays were performed to clarify the function of CAPG in the regulation of cell proliferation in human HCC. Ferroptosis was evaluated by glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and total iron detection.

Results
Forty-nine ferroptosis-related genes were significantly correlated with HCC, 19 of which had prognostic significance. CAPG, SLC7A11 and SQSTM1 were used to construct a novel risk model. The areas under the curves (AUCs) were 0.746 and 0.720 (1 year) in the training and validation groups, respectively. The survival analysis indicated that patients with high risk scores exhibited worse survival in the training and validation groups. The risk score was also identified as an independent prognostic factor of overall survival (OS), which established and validated the predictive abilities of the nomogram. The risk score was also significantly correlated with the expression of immune checkpoint genes. In vitro data showed that CAPG knockdown dramatically suppressed HCC cell proliferation, and the underlying molecular mechanisms might be that the silencing of CAPG reduced the expression of SLC7A11 and promoted ferroptosis.

Conclusion
The established risk model can be used to predict the prognosis of HCC. At the mechanistic level, CAPG may drive HCC progression by regulating SLC7A11, and ferroptosis activation in HCC patients with high CAPG expression may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy.
Numerical modelling of particle entrainment in the wheel–rail interface
Authors: Maramizonouz Sadaf , Nadimi Sadegh , Skipper William A. , Lewis Stephen R. , Lewis Roger 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe process of applying sand particles to increase the traction between wheel and rail is reported to be less than 20% efficient. To better understand entrainment efficiency, the process is simulated using the Discrete Element Method. The simulation results are validated against full-scale experimental observations in terms of entrainment efficiency and particle velocity for ten case studies with different positioning of the sand nozzle. The numerical simulations confirm the experimental observations wherein the highest efficiency can be achieved when the sander is aimed at the wheel/rail nip. When aiming the sander at the wheel, the values of entrainment efficiency from simulations and experiments show some discrepancy which can be related to the numerical assumptions. Calculating coefficients of traction between the rail and wheel from the simulation data for the four cases of an un-sanded contact, and with the sander aimed at the rail, the nip, and the wheel (all with the same angle) show an increase in the coefficient of traction for all sanded cases compared to the un-sanded case.
Edge General Position Sets in Fibonacci and Lucas Cubes
Authors: Klavžar Sandi , Tan Elif 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA set of edges$$X\subseteq E(G)$$X⊆E(G)of a graphGis an edge general position set if no three edges fromXlie on a common shortest path inG. The cardinality of a largest edge general position set ofGis the edge general position number ofG. In this paper, edge general position sets are investigated in partial cubes. In particular, it is proved that the union of two largest$$\Theta $$Θ-classes of a Fibonacci cube or a Lucas cube is a maximal edge general position set.
Die Seele Trajans
Authors: Roling Bernd 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungZu den scheinbaren Curiosa, mit denen sich schon die mittelalterliche, vor allem aber die frühneuzeitliche Theologie auseinandersetzen mußte, gehörte die Legende, Gregor der Große habe die Seele Trajans durch seine Fürbitten aus der Hölle befreien können. Die gut bezeugte und reich ventilierte hagiographische Tradition war mit erheblichem Skandalisierungspotential verbunden, torpedierte sie doch die strenge Teilung von Fegefeuer und Hölle, die für die Eschatologie spätestens mit dem 12. Jahrhundert unerlässlich war. Doppelt komplex gestaltete sich die Gemengelage nach der Reformation, denn denkbar leicht ließ sich in der interkonfessionellen Kontroverse von Seiten der Protestanten die scheinbare Befreiung Trajans als Musterbeispiel einer irregeleiteten Werkgerechtigkeit instrumentalisieren. Die Konfliktlinien, die hier zwischen Erzähl- und Exempelliteratur auf der einen Seite und der streng definitorisch argumentierenden Theologie auf der anderen verliefen, werden in diesem Beitrag an einigen Beispielen rekonstruiert, mit dem Ziel, eine Fallstudie für den (schwierigen) Dialog zwischen Literatur und Theologie vorzulegen, die vor allem auch ihre unterschiedlichen Textgattungen in ihrem Selbstverständnis in den Blick nehmen soll. Zugleich wird exemplarisch nachvollzogen, wie sich eine mittelalterliche Debatte in der Konfrontation der Konfessionen in der Frühen Neuzeit neu konfigurieren konnte.
Contingency, Sociality, and Moral Progress
Authors: LEFFLER OLOF 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTA debate has recently appeared regarding whether non-naturalism is better than other metaethical views at explaining moral progress. I shall take the occasion of this debate to present a novel debunking dilemma for moral non-naturalists, extending Sharon Street's Darwinian one. I will argue that moral progress indicates that our moral attitudes tend to reflect contingent sociocultural and psychological factors. For non-naturalists, there is then either a relation between these factors and the moral facts, non-naturalistically construed, or there is not. If there is no relation, the contingent factors are unlikely to lead to moral knowledge. If there is a relation, they must be likely to lead to non-naturalist-style moral knowledge, but no theoretically virtuous explanation of moral progress is likely to accommodate non-naturalist commitments. It follows that non-naturalist moral realism cannot explain our moral knowledge. I call this a contingentist challenge to non-naturalism.
Regulation by Design and the Governance of Technological Futures
Authors: Almada Marco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRegulation by design is an increasingly common approach in the governance of digital technologies. Under this approach, the developers of digital systems must adopt technical measures that implement the specific requirements mandated by law in their software. Some jurisdictions, notably the European Union (EU), have turned to regulation by design as a mechanism to automatically enforce legal requirements, but this article argues that such an approach can have important implications for long-term governance. Drawing from examples of regulation by design in EU law, it shows that by-design provisions delegate rule-making power to software designers, whose interpretations of the law become entrenched in digital systems. This delegation process suffers from legitimacy deficits, which are compounded whenever digital systems continue to enforce the designer-made rules as they operate for years and, sometimes, decades. Yet, these legitimacy deficits are not unavoidable, as regulation by design can be used to force designers to adopt technical and organisational practices that mitigate the risks of rule entrenchment to future generations. By mapping the long-term risks of regulation by design and potential solutions to them, this article provides a first step towards approaches to regulation by design that do not sacrifice the future for present interests.
First isolation of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato genotype 7 in the archipelago of Cape Verde
Authors: Gonçalves Baptista Lara , Laurimäe Teivi , Muchaamba Gillian , Cathomas Laura , Barros Olende Ana Lina , Mata dos Santos Iolanda , Lobo de Pina Ângela , Deplazes Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere are no scientific data available on the occurrence of the Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) cluster in definitive hosts (domestic dogs), intermediate hosts (domestic livestock) nor humans in Cape Verde. In this pilot study, environmental dog fecal samples (n = 369) were collected around food markets, official slaughterhouses, as well as home and small business slaughter spots in 8 of the 9 inhabited islands from the Cape Verde archipelago, between June 2021 and March 2022. Additionally, during the same period, 40 cysts and tissue lesions were opportunistically collected from 5 islands, from locally slaughtered cattle (n = 7), goats (n = 2), sheep (n = 1) and pigs (n = 26). Genetic characterization by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay targeting the 12S rRNA gene confirmed the presence of E. granulosus s.l. in fecal and tissue material. In total, 17 cyst samples from Santiago (n = 9), Sal (n = 7) and São Vicente (n = 1) and 8 G6/G7-positive dog fecal samples from Santiago (n = 4) and Sal (n = 4) were identified as E. granulosus s.l. G7 by sequence analysis (nad2, nad5 and nad1 genes). This study discloses the transmission of E. granulosus s.l. G7, in pig, cattle and dog in Cape Verde.
Hydrologic Controls on Individual Ostracode Stable Isotopes in a Desert Lake: A Modern Baseline for Lake Turkana
Authors: Thirumalai K. , Cohen A. S. , Taylor D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope measurements in lacustrine ostracodes are widely used as paleolimnological indicators of past climate change. Previous work has used individual ostracode valves to resolve seasonal and subdecadal paleohydrological signals, yet replicated assessments of co‐occurring specimens from modern samples are rare. Here we focus on ostracodes from sediments collected in 1979 from Lake Turkana, an alkaline desert lake in tropical eastern Africa. Sourced from the Ethiopian highlands, the Omo River is the dominant inflow into this lake. We present individual ostracode valve analyses (IOVA) of δ13C and δ18O measurements (n = 329) of the extant benthic ostracode Sclerocypris clavularis from 17 sites spanning the entire lake (navg = ∼19 specimens/site). We demonstrate that the pooled statistics of individual valve measurements at each site are shaped by lake hydrology, superimposed over inter‐individual isotopic variations. Within‐site variance in IOVA‐δ13C is larger (∼60%) than that of IOVA‐δ18O. Yet, site‐based averages exhibit a systematic pattern, with higher δ values toward the southern part of the lake, away from Omo River inflow. We suggest that the latitudinal δ13C gradient may arise from low riverine δ13C and low organic matter δ13C as a productivity response to nutrient‐rich Omo River inflow toward the north. The δ18O pattern may be explained by the diminishing influence of Omo River inflows and more evaporation driving higher IOVA‐δ18O values toward the windier, southern basin. We conclude that pooled IOVA statistics in Omo‐Turkana sediments can aid interpretations of past regional paleohydrology and its variability in this basin.
Constraints on MTZ Water Content From Joint Inversion of Diurnal Variations and Magnetospheric Signals
Authors: Zhang H. , Egbert G. D. , Huang Q. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractElectrical conductivity of mantle minerals is highly sensitive to water content, so estimates of this physical parameter based on long‐period electromagnetic induction data can help to constrain mantle hydration. Reliable constraints require conductivity model with sufficient resolution at relevant depths, as well as a comprehensive uncertainty analysis. In this global induction study, we combine data from the primarily ionospheric diurnal variation and longer‐period magnetospheric ring current bands. Joint inversion of these two data sources allows significantly improved vertical resolution of radial conductivity variations, especially in the mantle transition zone (MTZ). We then evaluate how uncertainties in the resulting conductivity model, in thermal models, and in laboratory results affect water content estimates, focusing on the MTZ. Our analysis suggests that the conductivity model is best explained by a dry MTZ with pyrolitic composition. Considering the uncertainties, an upper bound on average water content in the MTZ is 0.3 wt.% of water.
Spatial and Temporal Redox Heterogeneity Controlled by a Fe(II), Anoxic Upwelling System in the Early Mesoproterozoic Ocean
Authors: Ye Mingze , Zhang Shuichang , Ye Yuntao , Wu Minghao , Wang Xiaomei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe availability of oxygen and nutrients during the Mesoproterozoic (1.6–1.0 Ga) is thought to influence the rate of eukaryote evolution. The cause of the transition from low productivity in the upper Wumishan Formation to organic‐rich sediments in the Hongshuizhuang Formation remains unknown. We report FeHR/FeT, Fepy/FeHR, MoEF, UEF, VEF, and [Ce/Ce*]SN in one core of the Yanliao Basin to study the redox evolution and compare it with other sections in different depths of the Yanliao Basin to get clues of the spatial and temporal redox heterogeneity. Mo‐U covariation, low Co × Mn and CoEF × MnEF, and distribution patterns of trace metals indicate the upwelling events. An upwelling system could fuel nutrients to promote productivity levels in surface water and contribute to anoxic deep waters. The uniformly positive δ15N values are interpreted as sufficient NO3− reduction via denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in a ferruginous upwelling condition.
Phase‐Field Simulation of Texture Evolution in Magmatic Rocks
Authors: Kundin J. , Steinbach I. , Chakraborty S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe tool of phase‐field modeling for the prediction of chemical as well as microstructural evolution during crystallization from a melt in a mineralogical system has been developed in this work. We provide a compact theoretical background and introduce new aspects such as the treatment of anisotropic surface energies that are essential for modeling mineralogical systems. These are then applied to two simple model systems—the binary olivine‐melt and plagioclase‐melt systems ‐ to illustrate the application of the developed tools. In one case crystallization is modeled at a constant temperature and undercooling while in the other the process of crystallization is tracked for a constant cooling rate. These two examples serve to illustrate the capabilities of the modeling tool. The results are analyzed in terms of crystal size distributions (CSD) and with a view toward applications in diffusion chronometry; future possibilities are discussed. The modeling results demonstrate that growth at constant rates may be expected only for limited extents of crystallization, that breaks in slopes of CSD‐plots should be common, and that the lifetime of a given crystal of a phase is different from the lifetime of this phase in a magmatic system. The last aspect imposes an inherent limit to timescales that may be accessed by diffusion chronometry. Most significantly, this tool provides a bridge between CSD analysis and diffusion chronometry—two common tools that are used to study timescales of magmatic processes.
Multiple virus sorting based on aptamer-modified microspheres in a TSAW device
Authors: Liu Xianglian , Chen Xuan , Dong Yangchao , Zhang Chuanyu , Qu Xiaoli , Lei Yingfeng , Jiang Zhuangde , Wei Xueyong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to the overlapping epidemiology and clinical manifestations of flaviviruses, differential diagnosis of these viral diseases is complicated, and the results are unreliable. There is perpetual demand for a simplified, sensitive, rapid and inexpensive assay with less cross-reactivity. The ability to sort distinct virus particles from a mixture of biological samples is crucial for improving the sensitivity of diagnoses. Therefore, we developed a sorting system for the subsequent differential diagnosis of dengue and tick-borne encephalitis in the early stage. We employed aptamer-modified polystyrene (PS) microspheres with different diameters to specifically capture dengue virus (DENV) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and utilized a traveling surface acoustic wave (TSAW) device to accomplish microsphere sorting according to particle size. The captured viruses were then characterized by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT‒PCR). The characterization results indicated that the acoustic sorting process was effective and damage-free for subsequent analysis. Furthermore, the strategy can be utilized for sample pretreatment in the differential diagnosis of viral diseases.