bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HAK-HAK TAHANAN DALAM MASA COVID-19 DI RUMAH TAHANAN NEGARA KELAS II B KOTABUMI
Authors: Idran Muhammad , Hadidi Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

Indonesia is a country based on law (rechtsstaat). This has a legal consequence that in the Indonesian state, the implementation of state power in a broad sense must and must always be based on law, because that law gives legitimacy as well as provides boundaries that are the authority of the state (government). A suspect who is detained and whose rights are violated can use legal instruments in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations in order to obtain legal certainty and a sense of justice for himself, especially in the protection and implementation of the rights of a detained suspect. The spread of the Covid-19 virus (Corona Virus Disease 2019) which occurred from the beginning of 2020 until now has had a major impact on the Correctional Persons, hereinafter referred to as WBP, in the Class II B State Detention Center in Kotabumi. So the question arises, How are the rights of prisoners in the Class II B State Detention Center in Kotabumi implemented? What efforts can be made by detainees if the implementation of prisoners' rights at the Class II B Kotabumi State Detention Center is not in accordance with the laws and regulations?
The approach method used by the author in this study is a mixed approach, namely normative and empirical. The normative approach is the approach that the author obtained through books and laws and regulations, both those regulated in the Act, the Criminal Code, the Criminal Procedure Code and other regulations related to the writing of this thesis. The empirical approach is the approach that the author obtained through the interview process and collecting information through the State Detention Center Class II B Kotabumi.
Based on the results of this study, the authors conclude that the rights of WBP prisoners and temporary detainees have been well fulfilled, such as in the case of the program to reduce prison terms during the Covid-19 pandemic, which has been fulfilled in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. However, it would be better if the correctional officers paid more attention to the rights of prisoners related to the prevention of the Covid-19 virus in accordance with government recommendations and applicable government regulations. Considering that there are quite a number of WBP in the Class II B State Detention Center in Kotabumi, so there is a need for additional guidance by supervisory officers for prisoners properly and effectively. The lack of guidance in the detention center occurs because of obstacles, one of which is seen from external factors, namely in the form of a lack of coaching funds, coaching staff, and facilities and infrastructure. So, it would be nice if the existing obstacles can be met so that the coaching can run well.
IMPLEMENTASI PERMA NOMOR 02 TAHUN 2012 TENTANG PENYESUAIAN BATASAN TINDAK PIDANA RINGAN DAN JUMLAH DENDA DALAM KUHP TERHADAP PELAKU PENCURIAN RINGAN
Authors: Kamilatun  , Fadhilah Nisa 
Published: May 2023

Tipiring menurut ketentuan KUHP merupakan perbuatan pidana yang dikatagorikan sebagai perbuatan yang tidak berbahaya yaitu perbuatan pidana yang ancaman hukumannya paling lama 3 (tiga) bulan atau denda sebesar Rp. 7.500 (tujuh ribu lima ratus rupiah). Kasus tipiring ini umumnya diselesaikan dengan mengunakan pendekatan restoratif justice di tingkat Kepolisian. Namun pendekatan restorative justice terkadang dinilai kurang memenuhi rasa keadilan, baik korban, keluarga korban dan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu Mahkamah Agung Indonesia mengeluarkan peraturan yang bekenaaan dengan masalah tersebut yaitu Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 02 Tahun 2012 tentang Penyesuaian Batasan Tindak Pidana Ringan dan Jumlah Denda Dalam KUHP. Untuk membatasi permasalahan dalam penelitian ini diperlukan tujuan pendekatan masalah, tujuannya agar penelitian ini semakin terarah dan memudahkan penulis dalam membahasnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode secara normatif, dan metode secara empiris. Keseluruhan yang telah diperoleh dianalisis kembali secara diskriptif kualitatif, diklasifikasikan dan dipisahkan sesuai dengan pokok permasalahannya sehingga dapat ditarik seuatu kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan implementasi hukuman terhadap pelaku tipiring dalam perkara No. 2/Pid.C/2020/PN Kbu bahwa dalam perkara tindak pidana ringan ini pelaksanaan putusannya dilakukan pada hari itu juga hal ini berlaku untuk semua tindak pidana ringan contohnya perkara lalu lintas hal ini untuk menghindari jangan sampai banyaknya kasus yang menumpuk di pengadilan dan putusan perkara ini cukup dicatat dibuku register lalu ditandatangi panitera dan hakim yang memimpin sidang tersebut.
PROSES REKONSTRUKSI DALAM UPAYA MENGUNGKAP TINDAK PIDANA
Authors: Fadhilah Nisa 
Published: May 2023

Pelaksanaan rekonstruksi merupakan langkah awal atau sebagai pemeriksaan pendahuluan bagi pihak kepolisian, dan inisiatif pelaksanaan rekonstruksi ini dilaksanakan oleh penyidik kepolisian untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang tindak pidana yang terjadi. Rekonstruksi diperlukan apabila masih terdapat beberapa permasalahan yang belum jelas pada saat melakukan penyelidikan, oleh karena itu untuk perlu dilakukan reka ulang kembali bagaimana sesungguhnya peristiwa pidana yang terjadi. Jadi rekonstruksi adalah salah satu metode atau tekhnik pemeriksaan yang dilakukan penyidik dalam proses penyidikan tindak pidana. Pendekatan masalah dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif dan empiris, pendekatan normatif dengan mengkaji tentang buku-buku, ketentuan perundang-undangan dan yang berhubunganya dengan masalah yang akan dibahas sedangkan pendekatan masalah secara empiris dilakukan melalui proses wawancara dengan nara sumber pada saat melakukan penelitian. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa proses rekonstruksi dalam upaya mengungkap tindak pidana pada Polres Lampung Utara digunakan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang kejadian tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh tersangka dan untuk mencocokkan keterangan tersangka dan saksi sehingga tindak pidana tersebut menjadi lebih jelas. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya yaitu hambatan teknis diantaranya tersangka, saksi, dan masyarakat sedangkan hambatan yuridis diantaranya yaitu saksi yang langsung mengetahui peristiwa pidana tersebut tidak hadir dalam pelaksanaan rekonstruksi. Masyarakat umum yang ingin melihat untuk mengetahui adegan rekonstruksi tersebut sangat ramai dan adanya rekayasa saksi yaitu bukan saksi yang sebenarnya.
Assess the Attitude of Post Rn 2nd Year and 4th Year Bsn Students Towards Research Study in Two Private Nursing Colleges of Lahore
Authors: Mansha Sanam , Zafar Misbah , Farooq Zambeel 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The main objective of this study was to assess the attitudes of student nurses towards research study. The study will help the students to have positive look towards research which will help them to develop a positive attitude towards research in order to maintain evidence-based practice in Nursing.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was selected and 153 students have been selected by non-probability convenient sampling technique out of the 250 students. Sample size was calculated by using the Sloven’s Formula. The questionnaire was consisted of 27 items and developed on five-point Likert scale. The key questionnaire is given below Strongly Disagree, Disagree, Uncertain, Agree, and Strongly Agree. The data was analyzed on SPSS software version 20.0 and by using frequency distribution table showing the responses of the respondents and analyzed in percentage. The collected data was also presented in pie charts and bar charts.
Results: The results were calculated after collecting data. The overall cumulative mean score was 69.29% resulting in an overall individual mean of 3.4% indicating a degree of positive attitudes toward research. In conclusion it was found that BScN and Post RN nursing students have good awareness about the Knowledge of nursing research and have positive attitude toward research.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommended as: I. Improve the professional behavior of nursing students through the conduct of training programs and make them aware of nursing research. II. Nursing students must be encouraged to begin their career by understanding the importance of nursing research in patient care. III. The organization and authorities must do some strategies to indulge nurses in implementing evidence-based nursing practices. IV. Education should be provided to the students of schools and college about the research and its utilization.
Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana
Authors: Bharti Urmila , Verma Manisha 
Published: May 2023

The setting up of Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana and MUDRA attempted to fill or reduce the financial crisis in the micro enterprises to stimulate economic development. MUDRA has been aimed at administering a common platform to both banks and tiny enterprises customers and plays a significant role by bringing them together to this platform. It has been set up as a refinancing institution. Its main goal is to provide mudra loans up to Rs 10,00,000 to the micro enterprises through last mile financiers, so that they can start or expand their businesses. Its primary goal is to refinance various last-mile financial institutions that support the growth of small businesses in the non-corporate sector by lending money to them. These last mile financial institutions include NBFCs, Regional Rural Banks, Commercial Banks, Small Finance Banks, and MFIs. These institutions provide funds to the small business sector which is involved in manufacturing, trading, and Agri-allied activities. The borrower can approach to any of financial institution to get the benefit of mudra loans and to serve the purpose of their existence.
Mudra scheme helps millions of small borrowers who were facing the acute financial shortage due to numerous reasons and were striving hard to get the financial assistance for starting or expanding their business activities. In this study, an effort has been made to use statistical methods like mean, coefficient of variation, and trend analysis to examine the category-wise performance of various mudra loans during a six-year period, from 2016–17 to 2021–22. The analysis is based on secondary information that was obtained from the MUDRA official website. The interpretation of the figures for the study period indicates that among the three main categories of Mudra Loans, Shishu Loan Scheme has captured the largest share in terms of number of accounts as well as in terms of amount sanctioned followed by Kishore and Tarun Loans. Since its origin, over a period of seven years of operations i.e., from 2015-16 to 2021-22, PMMY has benefitted in aggregate approximately 34.92 crore loan account holders of micro enterprise segment by administering an aggregate amount of 18.90 crore.
Tecnologías estratégicas para países en desarrollo. Diseño y producción de embarcaciones en Argentina: el buque-escuela ARA Libertad (1953-1963)
Authors: Cáceres Yamila , Picabea Facundo 
Published: May 2023

Hacia 1950, en Argentina tuvo lugar un proceso de cambio tecnológico liderado por el Estado, cuyo objetivo era promover la diversificación de la estructura tecno-productiva en favor del desarrollo industrial. En ese escenario, Astilleros y Fábricas Navales del Estado (AFNE), una empresa pública protagonizó una experiencia exitosa de producción de grandes buques militares y mercantes en un país periférico.
La experiencia de AFNE implicó procesos de aprendizajes que favorecieron la generación de conocimientos y capacidades tecno-productivas endógenas a nivel de la empresa, del sector y del ámbito político. El análisis del artefacto, ARA Libertad, posibilitó observar a nivel micro las negociaciones de sentido y estrategias de acción de los grupos sociales intervinientes, vinculados al nivel macro del modelo de acumulación.
Analysis of motor competence and physical fitness in dancers: a pilot study
Authors: Alves Daniela , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Gonçalves Carla , Lagoa Maria João , Filipa Silva Ana 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe aim of this study was to characterize and compare the motor competence and physical fitness in dancers of different styles considering age, body mass index, and physical activity level (min/week).MethodsOverall, 17 female dancers aged 13–31 years (18.00 ± 4.80) participated in this study. The sample was divided into 2 groups: (1) dancers who practised up to 3 styles (<i>n</i> = 10); (2) dancers who practised 4 or more styles (<i>n</i> = 7). The Fit School and Motor Competence Assessment test batteries were applied to analyse physical fitness and motor competence, respectively. All variables were tested for normal distribution by using the Shapiro-Wilk test. For continuous variables, the <i>t</i>-test was used and for nominal variables, the chi-square test was employed. For those that did not follow normal distribution, the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>-test was applied.ResultsFor either motor competence or physical fitness, the number of dance styles did not exert any influence. Furthermore, no significant differences were found for between-group comparisons.ConclusionsThe total group fell within the average reference values in all the physical fitness tests, with the exception of the 20-m multistage maximum shuttle run test. With regard to the number of dance styles practised, no differences between groups were observed for either motor competence or physical fitness.
Approach of the Health care providers towards COVID-19; Three months of Pandemic, Where do we stand now.
Authors: Mushtaq Hina , Maria Khan  , Imran Khan  , Hameed Mehreen , Muhammad Amir  , Fazal-e-Raziq  
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT:
Background:
COVID19 has been a disastrous pandemic infecting millions across the globe. Health care providers are the one who at an increased risk of contracting this infection due to their immense exposure.
Our study aims to access the knowledge and mental status of HCPs after being through three months of this pandemic as they have witnessed the morbidities, mortalities and sufferings during this period.
Method: A cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted including 309 Health Care Professional. They filled the self administered questionnaire which accessed the knowledge and mental health status. Categorical socio-demographic variables were measured by frequencies and percentages of occurrence while Numerical variables were measured as mean and standard deviations. Mean Knowledge and Mental health scores were calculated. Inferential statistics including Chi-square tests and T test which were applied to find the difference in responses by demographic characteristics. Correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between different variables.
Results: Over all mean score for Knowledge was 10.18±1.7and Mean Mental health score were 12.4±3.89. Doctors had a higher mean Knowledge score (10.7±1.63) as compared to nurses (9.7±1.72 ) and paramedics(9.8±1.83). Among the Doctors, 84.9% had Good knowledge scores as compared to 60% and 61% of the nurses and paramedics respectively. Doctors had a lower mean Mental health score (11.51± 4.14) as compared to nurses (13.58±3.250) and paramedics (12.58±3.814) respectively. Females had a higher Mean Mental Health score as compared to males. (12.97±3.750 vs 11.81±3.967) Pearson Correlation analysis showed weak negative correlation between Knowledge and Mental health scores (r=-0.032, P value=0.57).
Conclusion:
Although it has been more than three months since COVID19 emerged to become a pandemic, there still remains a need to educate our health care professionals especially nurses and paramedics. Measures should be taken to alleviate the stress and depression of HCPs.

Key Words: Health care professional, Knowledge scores, Mental health scores
Pneumothorax: A rare complication of COVID-19 pneumonia. A case report
Authors: Abdul Rasheed Qureshi  , Zaheer Akhtar  , Muhammad Irfan  , Muhammad Sajid  
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 Pneumonia outbreak, started in China in December 2019 and spread world-wide. Patient usually presents with flu like or lower respiratory symptoms. At times, patients display rapid respiratory decline which is attributed to the progression of covid-19 pneumonia. Pulmonary embolism and extensive pneumonia are common complications. Pneumothorax may be a rare complication which has commonly been reported in ventilated patients and could be a life threatening emergency. Early diagnosis and prompt management are detrimental for favorable outcome. We describe a 72 years old, male patient, admitted in covid-19 ward for COVID-19 pneumonia. Fever, dry cough and worsening shortness of breath were main complaints. Chest x-ray revealed signs of low density consolidation in both mid and lower zones and pneumothorax on the left side. CRP, LDH, D. Dimer and serum Ferritin levels were raised. Covid-19 treatment started, chest drain inserted and patient was discharged after 15 days with full lung expansion.
SARS-COV-2 specific antibody prevalence among doctors of Emergency in Mayo Hospital, Lahore
Authors: Maqbool Tehmina , Jehangir Hafiz Muhammad Sajid , Mussab Ahmad  , Samia Jamil  , Saad Ullah Saleem  , Tariq Siddique  
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Objective: To know the frequency of doctors with IgG antibodies positive for SARS-COV-2 working in Mayo hospital emergency during the COVID-19 pandemic
Design: Observational Cross-Sectional study
Sample size: 151
Methodology: Those doctors who gave consent for study were included. Demographical Variables, designation, area of work, history of symptoms of COVID-19, use and availability of PPE were asked on a performa. Blood samples were drawn for analysis by a local laboratory to assess levels of IgG antibody titer. Collected data was analyzed using SPSS 20.
Results:The mean Age of 151 included participants was 27.94 ± 4.25. Of these , 96 (63.6%) were male and 55 (36.4%) were female. Mean IgG level was 2.09 ± 5.23. Seropostivity for COVID -19 IgG antibody among doctors working at Emergency of Mayo hospital was observed in 39.7 % (60).. 91 (60.3%) were screened negative. 63 (41.7%) doctors showed symptoms of COVID-19 of them 47 were screened positive and 16 were non reactive in antibody titer. Among 88 (58.3%) asymptomatic participants 13 (14.7%) were seropositive where as 75 (83.3%) neither showed symptoms nor showed reactive antibody titer.
Conclusion: There was a high seroprevalance of antibodies against SARS-CoV -2 in doctors working at Mayo hospital, Lahore. Most of the symptomatic patients were seropositive.
Key Words: SARS CoV-2, IgG antibodies, Seroprevalance
COVID-19: OUTBREAK, TRANSMISSION, DIAGNOSIS, POTENTIAL TREATMENT AND SITUATION IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Ghazala Rubi  , Sardar Muhammad Al Fareed Zafar  , Hina Majid  , Salman Shahid  , Khalid Waheed  , Zainab Javaid  , Musbih ul Qayyum Zia  
Published: May 2023

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that originated in Wuhan, China in December 2019 has become a pandemic. In comparison to its ancestors the SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, the novel corona virus SARS-CoV-2 has a faster spread. The transmission of disease is through inhalation of infected droplets. Fever, sore throat, dry cough, body pain and malaise are the common symptoms. Shortness of breath leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome is observed in worse situation. Diagnosis is made through detection of the virus in respiratory secretions. Treatment is symptomatic. COVID-19 has badly affected over 209 countries including Pakistan. According to WHO there are 8,006,427 cases and 436,899 deaths reported due to COVID-19, as of 16th June 2020. Prevention includes isolating the suspected cases while the strict infection control measures must be at employed at the hospitals. Being a neighbor to China and Iran, Pakistan was most vulnerable to COVID-19. In Pakistan first case of COVID-19 was reported on 25 February 2020. 78% COVID-19 positive cases were the pilgrims returning from Iran. To control the spread of the disease, the Government of Pakistan announced the suspension of international and domestic flights. All the educational institutions were closed and a partial lockdown was imposed across the country. Hand hygiene, wearing of face masks and the social distancing was stressed upon. Uptil now, no vaccine against COVID-19 is reported. However, clinical trials are being conducted all over the world. The article throws some light on the origin, pathogenicity, symptoms, diagnostics along with possible therapeutic strategies of the virus and situation of COVID-19 in Pakistan.
Effect of droughts and climate change on future soil weathering rates in Sweden
Authors: Kronnäs Veronika , Lucander Klas , Zanchi Giuliana , Stadlinger Nadja , Belyazid Salim , Akselsson Cecilia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract. In a future warmer climate, extremely dry, warm summers
might become more common. Soil weathering is affected by temperature and
precipitation, and climate change and droughts can therefore affect
soil chemistry and plant nutrition. In this study, climate change and
drought effects on soil weathering rates and release of Ca, Mg, K and Na
were studied on seven forest sites across different climates in Sweden,
using the dynamical model ForSAFE. Two climate scenarios were run, one
medium severity climate change scenario from IPCC (A1B) and one scenario
where a future drought period of 5 years was added, while everything else
was equal to the first scenario. The model results show a large geographical
variation of weathering rates for the sites, without any geographical
gradient, despite the strong dependence of temperature on weathering and
the strong gradient in temperature in Sweden. This is because soil texture
and mineralogy have strong effects on weathering. The weathering rates have
a pronounced seasonal dynamic. Weathering rates are low during winters and
generally high, but variable, during summers, depending on soil moisture and
temperature. According to the model runs, the future yearly average
weathering rates will increase by 5 %–17 % per degree of warming. The
relative increase is largest in the two southeastern sites, with low total
weathering rates. At sites in southern Sweden, future weathering increase
occurs throughout the year according to the modelling. In the north, the
increase in weathering during winters is almost negligible, despite larger
temperature increases than in other regions or seasons (5.9 ∘C
increase in winter in Högbränna; the yearly average temperature
increase for all sites is 3.7 ∘C), as the winter temperatures
still will mostly be below zero. The drought scenario has the strongest
effect in southern Sweden, where weathering during the later parts of the
drought summers decreases to typical winter weathering rates. Soil texture
and amount of gravel also influence how fast the weathering decreases during
drought and how fast the soil rewets and reaches normal weathering rates
after the drought. The coarsest of the modelled soils dries out and rewets
quicker than the less coarse of the modelled soils. In the north, the soils
do not dry out as much as in the south, despite the low precipitation, due to
lower evapotranspiration, and in the northernmost site, weathering is not
much affected. Yearly weathering during the drought years relative to the
same years in the A1B scenario are between 78 % and 96 % for the
sites. The study shows that it is crucial to take seasonal climate
variations and soil texture into account when assessing the effects of a
changed climate on weathering rates and plant nutrient availability.