bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Evidence on the Origin of Solar Wind Microstreams/Switchbacks
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Karpen Judith T. , Uritsky Vadim M. , Deforest Craig E. , Raouafi Nour E. , DeVore C. Richard , Antiochos Spiro K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Microstreams are fluctuations in the solar wind speed and density associated with polarity-reversing folds in the magnetic field (also denoted switchbacks). Despite their long heritage, the origin of these microstreams/switchbacks remains poorly understood. For the first time, we investigated periodicities in microstreams during Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Encounter 10 to understand their origin. Our analysis was focused on the inbound corotation interval on 2021 November 19–21, while the spacecraft dove toward a small area within a coronal hole (CH). Solar Dynamics Observatory remote-sensing observations provide rich context for understanding the PSP in situ data. Extreme ultraviolet images from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly reveal numerous recurrent jets occurring within the region that was magnetically connected to PSP during intervals that contained microstreams. The periods derived from the fluctuating radial velocities in the microstreams (approximately 3, 5, 10, and 20 minutes) are consistent with the periods measured in the emission intensity of the jetlets at the base of the CH plumes, as well as in larger coronal jets and in the plume fine structures. Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager magnetograms reveal the presence of myriad embedded bipoles, which are known sources of reconnection-driven jets on all scales. Simultaneous enhancements in the PSP proton flux and ionic (3He, 4He, Fe, O) composition during the microstreams further support the connection with jetlets and jets. In keeping with prior observational and numerical studies of impulsive coronal activity, we conclude that quasiperiodic jets generated by interchange/breakout reconnection at CH bright points and plume bases are the most likely sources of the microstreams/switchbacks observed in the solar wind.
A Candidate Dual QSO at Cosmic Noon
Authors: Glikman Eilat , Langgin Rachel , Johnstone Makoto A. , Yoon Ilsang , Comerford Julia M. , Simmons Brooke D. , Stacey Hannah , Lacy Mark , O’Meara John M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We report the discovery of a candidate dual QSO at z = 1.889, a redshift that is in the era known as “cosmic noon” where most of the universe’s black hole and stellar mass growth occurred. The source was identified in Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/IR images of a dust-reddened QSO that showed two closely separated point sources at a projected distance of 0.″26, or 2.2 kpc. This red QSO was targeted for imaging to explore whether red QSOs are hosted by merging galaxies. We subsequently obtained a spatially resolved Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph spectrum of the system, covering the visible spectral range, and verifying the presence of two distinct QSO components. We also obtained high-resolution radio continuum observations with the Very Long Baseline Array at 1.4 GHz (21 cm L band) and found two sources coincident with the optical positions. The sources have similar black hole masses, bolometric luminosities, and radio-loudness parameters. However, their colors and reddenings differ significantly. The redder QSO has a higher Eddington ratio, consistent with previous findings. We consider the possibility of gravitational lensing and find that it would require extreme and unlikely conditions. If confirmed as a bona fide dual QSO, this system would link dust reddening to galaxy and supermassive black hole mergers, opening up a new population in which to search for samples of dual active galactic nuclei.
The Origin of Universality in the Inner Edges of Planetary Systems
Authors: Batygin Konstantin , Adams Fred C. , Becker Juliette 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The characteristic orbital period of the innermost objects within the galactic census of planetary and satellite systems appears to be nearly universal, with P on the order of a few days. This paper presents a theoretical framework that provides a simple explanation for this phenomenon. By considering the interplay between disk accretion, magnetic field generation by convective dynamos, and Kelvin–Helmholtz contraction, we derive an expression for the magnetospheric truncation radius in astrophysical disks and find that the corresponding orbital frequency is independent of the mass of the host body. Our analysis demonstrates that this characteristic frequency corresponds to a period of P ∼ 3 days although intrinsic variations in system parameters are expected to introduce a factor of a ∼2–3 spread in this result. Standard theory of orbital migration further suggests that planets should stabilize at an orbital period that exceeds disk truncation by a small margin. Cumulatively, our findings predict that the periods of close-in bodies should span P ∼ 2–12 days—a range that is consistent with observations.
«Madrastra más que madre legítima»: la intervención de la Armada en la formación de los pilotos de la Carrera de Indias en el Siglo de las Luces
Authors: Pintos Amengual Gabriel 
Published: July 2023

El traslado de la Casa de Contratación de Sevilla a Cádiz en 1717 afectó a la formación de los pilotos de la Carrera de Indias al pasar a depender de la Armada. Para determinar cómo influyó y en qué sentido se reflejó esta dependencia, desarrollamos y analizamos las implicaciones curriculares de los planes formativos ideados por la Administración Civil y Militar. Resultando que la Armada se propuso crear un piloto eminentemente práctico, a través de las Ordenanzas de la Armada, 1748, alejado de los fundamentos de la ciencia, que por extensión alcanzó a los pilotos particulares. Este proyecto educativo, se fue manteniendo en el tiempo, llegando a su culminación con el establecimiento del plan Winthuysen de 1790 que siguió el ideario formativo de las Ordenanzas de la Armada, 1748, al que añadió, como una aplicación práctica, los nuevos métodos de posicionamiento astronómico.
Simulação em saúde no manejo da hemorragia pós-parto: relato de experiência no ensino em enfermagem
Authors: Dias de Sousa Moreira Alves Mayrene , De Arruda e Silva Dalprá Luanna , Cristina Teixeira Beltrame Renata , Alves dos Santos Emílio Carlos , De Paula Corrêa Áurea Christina , Munhoz Gaiva Maria Aparecida 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: descrever a experiência do uso da simulação em saúde no ensino de graduação em Enfermagem na situação de Hemorragia Pós-Parto. Método: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, sobre a aplicação da simulação em saúde no ensino em Enfermagem com base na estratégia - Zero Morte Materna por Hemorragia Pós-Parto (0MMxH) da OPAS/OMS. A simulação foi realizada no primeiro semestre de 2020, com 15 discentes da Disciplina Sexualidade e Reprodução Humana, ministrada no sexto período do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem de uma Universidade Federal do Centro-Oeste brasileiro. Resultados: o uso da simulação em saúde nesta experiência possibilitou a participação dos alunos de graduação em enfermagem em um cenário de hemorragia pós-parto, promovendo o desenvolvimento profissional por meio de vivência na prática clínica. Conclusão: a inserção de simulação em saúde no ensino promove o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades importantes para a prática assistencial da enfermagem no contexto do cuidado às mulheres com quadros de hemorragia pós-parto.
Rede de apoio às famílias de crianças com transtorno do espectro autista
Authors: Loos Carla Aparecida , De Azevedo Mazza Verônica , Tonin Luana , Weissheimer Kaufmann Gisele , Marine Pimentel Verga Samea , Trevisan Nóbrega Martins Ruthes Victoria Beatriz , Dezoti Ana Paula 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: identificar a rede social de apoio das famílias de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, abordagem qualitativa, com a participação de 22 familiares de crianças com TEA. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, entre os meses de agosto de 2018 e março de 2020. Os depoimentos foram transcritos e submetidos à análise de conteúdo, com apoio do software WebQDA®. Resultados: emergiram as seguintes categorias e subcategorias: apoio familiar (elementos da rede familiar, rede restrita e funções da rede) e apoio comunitário (serviços utilizados, ajuda material e de serviços, recursos comunitários, guia cognitivo e de conselhos). Considerações Finais: a rede de apoio familiarevidencia-se restrita e fragilizada devido ao suporte limitado da família extensa ou de outros membros da comunidade. Além disso, foram identificadas lacunas no acesso aos serviços de saúde e recursos de assistência social assegurados por Lei às pessoas com TEA, revelando a importância do papel da equipe multiprofissional em articular a rede de atenção, com vistas ao fortalecimento das famílias, transformando-se em agentes de proteção aos direitos e ampliação da rede da criança com TEA e sua família.
Efetividade de um algoritmo para identificar precocemente a deterioração clínica em unidades de internação adulto
Authors: Pedroso Alves Jhessica , Fernandez Lourenço Haddad Maria do Carmo , Da Silva Melo Malaquias Tatiana , Rossaneis Mariana Angela , Trindade Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida , Negrão Guassú Nogueira Danielly 
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar a efetividade de um algoritmo para identificar precocemente a deterioração clínica em unidades de internação adulto. Método: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo, realizado em um hospital filantrópico localizado no norte paranaense. Procedeu-se à análise de tendência de indicadores referentes à produtividade, produção e qualidade. Adotou-se um erro alfa de 5%. Resultados: Os indicadores de produção mostraram tendência decrescente na taxa de ocupação, tanto dos leitos destinados a tratamentos eletivos, quanto daqueles reservados para urgência, e tendência crescente no número absoluto de internações e número de pacientes dia. Nos indicadores de produtividade, observou-se tendência estacionária no índice de renovação de leitos. Em relação à qualidade, verificou-se a predominância da tendência crescente em todas as taxas (infecção, sepse e mortalidade). Conclusão: Os resultados demonstraram que o algoritmo foi efetivo, visto que houve melhora nos indicadores de produção, que mostraram tendência decrescente na taxa de ocupação, tanto nos leitos eletivos, quanto nos de urgência; e dos indicadores de produtividade, onde observou-se tendência estacionária no índice de renovação de leitos.
The Endogenous Retinoic Acid Receptor Pathway Is Exploited by Mycobacterium tuberculosis during Infection, Both In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Tenório de Menezes Yonne Karoline , Eto Carolina , de Oliveira Joseana , Larson Erica C , Mendes Daniel A G B , Dias Greicy Brisa Malaquias , Delgobo Murilo , Gubernat Abigail K , Gleim Janelle L , Munari Eduarda Laís , Starick Marick , Ferreira Fabienne , Mansur Daniel Santos , Costa Diego L , Scanga Charles A , Báfica André 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) is a fundamental vitamin A metabolite involved in regulating immune responses through the nuclear RA receptor (RAR) and retinoid X receptor. While performing experiments using THP-1 cells as a model for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, we observed that serum-supplemented cultures displayed high levels of baseline RAR activation in the presence of live, but not heat-killed, bacteria, suggesting that M. tuberculosis robustly induces the endogenous RAR pathway. Using in vitro and in vivo models, we have further explored the role of endogenous RAR activity in M. tuberculosis infection through pharmacological inhibition of RARs. We found that M. tuberculosis induces classical RA response element genes such as CD38 and DHRS3 in both THP-1 cells and human primary CD14+ monocytes via a RAR-dependent pathway. M. tuberculosis–stimulated RAR activation was observed with conditioned media and required nonproteinaceous factor(s) present in FBS. Importantly, RAR blockade by (4-[(E)-2-[5,5-dimethyl-8-(2-phenylethynyl)-6H-naphthalen-2-yl]ethenyl]benzoic acid), a specific pan-RAR inverse agonist, in a low-dose murine model of tuberculosis significantly reduced SIGLEC-F+CD64+CD11c+high alveolar macrophages in the lungs, which correlated with 2× reduction in tissue mycobacterial burden. These results suggest that the endogenous RAR activation axis contributes to M. tuberculosis infection both in vitro and in vivo and reveal an opportunity for further investigation of new antituberculosis therapies.
Polymorphisms in Maternal Selected Folate Metabolism-Related Genes in Neural Tube Defect-Affected Pregnancy
Authors: Dewelle Winner K. , Melka Daniel S. , Aklilu Abenezer T. , Gebremariam Mahlet Y. , Alemayehu Markos A. , Alemayehu Dawit H. , Woldemichael Tamrayehu S. , Gebre Solomon G. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are abnormalities of the brain and spinal cord, which occur as a result of failure in neural tube closure during embryogenesis. Causes of NTDs are complex and multiple, with hereditary, lifestyle, and environmental factors appearing to play a role. In spite of their impact on public health, the role genetics play on NTDs in Ethiopia is lacking. In this study, the role of polymorphisms in MTHFR 677C > T (rs1801133), MTHFR 1298A > C (rs1801131), MTRR 66A > G (rs1801394), RFC1 80A > G (rs1051266), and TCN2 776C > G (rs1801198) on the risk of having NTD-affected pregnancy was investigated.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred women with NTD-affected pregnancy and 100 women with normal pregnancy were included in the study. DNA was extracted from saliva and genotyping for five polymorphisms in four genes was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The departure of the genotype's distribution from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) was evaluated using the x2 goodness-of-fit test. Frequencies of genotypes and alleles in case and control mothers were determined and differences between relative frequencies were evaluated by the x2 or the Fisher's exact test.

Results:
The statistically significant difference was absent in the genotype and allele frequencies for all the analyzed polymorphisms between cases and controls (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
MTHFR 677C > T, MTHFR 1298A > C, MTRR 66A > G, RFC1 80A > G, and TCN2 776C > G polymorphisms lack association with the risk of having a pregnancy affected by NTD. The role of other genes or environmental factors in NTD etiology needs to be investigated.
Remdesivir Prescription in Pregnant Women Infected with COVID-19: A Report of Compassionate Use
Authors: Zafarbakhsh Azam , Vaezi Atefeh , Haghjooy Javanmard Shaghayegh , Sabet Fahimeh , Dehghan Maryam 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that the physiological changes in pregnancy can make pregnant patients more susceptible to more severe forms of this infection. Hence, the treatment of COVID-19 in pregnant women can be challenging. This study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Remdesivir in pregnant women with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted on 150 pregnant women with moderate to severe COVID-19 infection. Remdesivir was prescribed and continued for 5 or 10 days according to the patient's condition. Maternal and pregnancy outcomes and also recovery rates were evaluated. Moreover, additional variables were examined: age, gestational age, symptoms, O2 saturation and laboratory tests at admission, the interval between symptom initiation and admission to hospital and Remdesivir prescription, hospitalization days, and ICU admission.

Results:
The mean age was 32.37 years. Cough and dyspnea were the most prevalent symptoms (74% and 68.7%, respectively). At the time of admission, 79 (52.7%) women needed low-flow oxygen support, 67 (44.7%) needed high-flow oxygen support, and 4 (2.7%) were intubated. Fifty-four (36%) patients required ICU care. In patients who died (12 women), Remdesivir was prescribed later than those discharged (P value, 0.04). Patients with favorable pregnancy outcomes received Remdesivir earlier than those with unfavorable pregnancy outcomes (P value: 0.008). The recovery rate was 70% (89.9% in the low-flow oxygen, 50.7% in the NIPPV/high flow oxygen, and 0% in the intubated women).

Conclusion:
The results suggest that the early prescription of Remdesivir in pregnant women with moderate COVID-19 can improve the outcomes.
Comparison of High Uterosacral and Sacrospinous Ligament Suspension Surgeries for the Treatment of Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Women
Authors: Hajhashemi Maryam , Zafarbakhsh Aazam , Movahedi Minoo , Rafieezadeh Aryan , Sattari Rizi Behnaz 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Pelvic floor disorders include urinary incontinence, fecal incontinence, and pelvic floor prolapse, which are common complaints in women. Patients that suffer from uterine prolapse could benefit from surgical procedures that stabilize pelvic ligaments. Here, we aimed to compare the high uterosacral and sacrospinous ligament suspension surgeries.

Materials and Methods:
This clinical trial was performed in 2019–2021 on 64 women with uterine prolapse. Demographic data of the patients, including age, body mass index (BMI), past medical diseases, history of delivery, type of delivery, and duration of hospitalization, were collected. We assessed their urinary symptoms, prolapse degree, and sexual symptoms using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and Pelvic Floor Disability Index (PFDI-20) questionnaires before surgical interventions. Patients were divided into two groups undergoing high uterosacral and sacrospinous ligament suspension. They were followed up 6 and 12 months after surgeries.

Results:
Patients treated with sacrospinous ligament suspension had higher frequencies of surgical complications (P = 0.039), and the most common complication was low back pain (15.6%). The uterine prolapse andC point degree improved significantly in all cases after 6 and 12 months (P < 0.001). The Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantifications System (POP-Q) scores improved significantly in both groups 6 and 12 months after surgery (P < 0.001), and patients who underwent sacrospinous ligament suspension had significantly lower pain intensity compared to the other group (P = 0.003). FSFI scores improved significantly in patients treated in both groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Both high uterosacral and sacrospinous ligament suspension techniques significantly improved pain, uterine prolapse, and C point degree.
Association between the Treatment of Rosacea and Eradication of Helicobacter Pylori Infection
Authors: Aghaei Maryam , Aghaei Shahrzad , Behshadnia Fatemeh , Ghomashlooyan Mohsen , Khaghani Armin , Baradaran Elahe H. , Naeini Farahnaz F. , Iraji Fariba , Shahmoradi Zabihollah , Hosseini Sayed M. , Hejazi Seyed H. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Rosacea is a multifactorial skin inflammatory disorder with an unknown cure. Genetics and environmental factors such as microorganisms are involved in the rosacea etiology, for example, Helicobacter pylori have been suggested in rosacea progression. The present study investigated the relationship between H. pylori eradication and rosacea patient's improvement.

Materials and Methods:

H. pylori infection was investigated in 60 rosacea patients and 65 sex- and age-matched healthy control through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and HpSag tests. After infection confirmation, randomly half of the rosacea patients were treated for H. pylori eradication (test), and others received standard treatment (control). HpSag and ELISA tests were repeated after infection eradication and disease flow was surveyed for 60 days. The groups were compared using the ANOVA (Analysis Of Variance) test at the significant level of P < 0.05.

Results:
At the baseline, the mean of immunoglobulin G (IgG) (59.27 ± 41.4 RU/mL) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) (11.55 ± 6.1 RU/mL) in rosacea patients was higher than the level of IgG (41.38 ± 54.33 RU/mL) and IgM (8.11 ± 8.91 RU/mL) in healthy control (P < 0.04) and (P < 0.01), respectively. Also, the values for H. pylori infection were positive in all patients and 10 healthy controls. The mean titer of IgM and IgG in the test and control patients groups were different at baseline and after treatment. Furthermore, in the test patients group, the mean of IgG was reduced in active rosacea after treatment, and 63.9% of active patients showed rosacea remission after H. pylori eradication.

Conclusion:
Data suggest the exacerbating role of H. pylori in rosacea, and its eradication along with other therapeutic methods causes rosacea improvement.
The Topical Formulation of Whey Protein for the Prevention of Pressure Ulcers in Critically Ill Patients: A Novel Intervention in a Randomized-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Samimi Soroush , Abbasi Saeed , Taheri Azadeh , Farsaei Shadi 
Published: July 2023

Background:
High prevalence of pressure ulcers (PUs) and their complications are important dilemmas in the intensive care unit (ICU). Therefore this study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of topical whey protein formulation in preventing PUs in patients admitted to the ICU.

Materials and Methods:
In this randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial under registration number [IRCTdeted for blinded article], 80 eligible ICU patients were randomly allocated to receive topical ointment of whey protein or placebo on the sacrum with a diameter of 15 cm twice daily for seven days, in addition to the routine care. The mean risk score for developing PUs was calculated at baseline using the Braden tool, and the PUSH score was used to assess PUs on days 4, 7, and 14. Patients' related demographic and clinical variables were also collected using a medical record for more evaluation.

Results:
Our results showed that demographic characteristics and the Braden scores' baseline mean were not significantly different between groups (P > 0.05). The repeated measures ANOVA test revealed that the mean scores of PUs at various times were markedly lower in the whey protein than in the placebo group (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
This intervention can be routinely added as effective, safe, inexpensive, and accessible care to reduce the incidence of PUs for patients at risk of developing this injury.
Assessment of Hip Range of Motion Limitations in Cases with Low Back Pain Based on the Classified Movement System Impairment
Authors: Khayam Nekoie Farzaneh , Kouhzad Mohammadi Hosein , Afshari-Safavi Alireza , Mahdidust Jalali Hossein , Taheri Navid 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The hip joint's limitation causes lumbopelvic compensatory motions, accumulating tissue stress on the lumbar spines. It is essential and valuable to evaluate hip rotation range of motion (ROM) in different low back pain (LBP) classifications to understand them and plan the best exercise program. This study aimed to compare hip rotation ROM between subjects with and without LBP classified in movement system impairment (MSI).

Materials and Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, 100 subjects with LBP were classified into different MSI subgroups (mean age of 41.66 ± 7.82 years), and 100 healthy subjects (mean age of 38.96 ± 8.84 years) participated. Passive and active hip medial and lateral rotations ROM in prone and supine positions for dominant and non-dominant lower limbs were measured.

Results:
Generally, in the LBP group, minimal lateral rotation as compared to controls in movement tests measuring hip rotation ROM actively and passively, in prone and sitting positions, and for dominant and non-dominant limbs (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences among the LBP subgroups (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
Due to LBP, regardless of the MSI categories, remarkably restricted hip lateral rotation ROM.