bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Blood Glucose Levels of COVID-19 Patients before and after Recovery Regardless of Their Diabetic Status
Authors: Salve Apoorva , Gajghate Apeksha , Ansari Salman , Malik Rajvir , Uike Suvidha , Khetal Namrata 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Blood glucose level is an important risk factor for the prognosis of infection and critically ill patients. Stress-induced hyperglycemia is well-known as an adaptive response and expected during times of infection. However, this is believed to be a transient response that resolves upon the improvement of the infection.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the blood glucose levels in a cohort of COVID-19 patients to determine their hyperglycemic status before and after the recovery regardless of their diabetic status.

Methodology:
This is a multicenter, retrospective, observational study. A detailed case history including investigations and laboratory findings was taken from the recovered COVID-19 patients. Data of their random blood sugar levels before and after COVID-19 recovery were collected and compared to check for their hyperglycemic status after the recovery. Data were then tabulated in the spreadsheet and statistical analysis was done.

Results:
In our study, we compared the hyperglycemic status after the recovery. About 22.1% had hyperglycemia post-COVID. During COVID, the prevalence of hyperglycemia in patients was 23% with or without a previous history of diabetes. Altogether, there was a significant increase in Blood Glucose levels post-COVID (2-month follow-up) period. A significant P (P = 0.0001) was found in the statistical analysis.

Conclusion:
Clinicians must recognize that some patients may require monitoring the glycemic status and intensification of the antihyperglycemics for several weeks to months after infection devoid of their diabetic status.
A Cadaveric Study on the Variability in the Branching Pattern of the Arch of Aorta
Authors: Sar Mamata , Baa Jeneeta , Singh Sabita , Mishra Srikanta Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Aims and Objectives:
To observe the variability in the branching pattern of the arch of aorta (AA) in the cadaver, to find out the most common branching pattern, to determine the percentage of variations of the AA and describe their clinical importance.

Materials and Method:
The study was conducted in 47 formalin-fixed cadavers of both sexes of 30–80 age groups. All the observations regarding morphology, as well as variations in the branching pattern of the AA were studied.

Result:
The most common pattern was three-branches arising from the AA which was found in 36 cadavers (76.5%); variations in branching pattern were found in 11 cadavers (23.4%); four cadavers had four branches (8.5%) namely, brachiocephalic trunk (BCT), left common carotid (LCC), left vertebral artery (LVA), and left subclavian artery (LSA); and one (2.1%) cadaver showed three branches with variation, namely, Common trunk (CT1) (that gave origin to BCT and LCC) proximally, LVA in the middle and LSA distally; and six (12.7%) cadavers had two branches, of which five cadavers with proximally CT1 and distally LSA and one cadaver with two common trunks (CT1 and CT2), where CT1 was proximal whereas CT2 giving origin to LVA and LSA was distal.

Conclusion:
The wide spectrum of variations in the anatomical arrangements of the aortic arch branches in our study was at par with other populations of the world. Although anomalous origins of the branches of AA are merely anatomic variants, accurate information about them is vital for vascular surgery in the thorax, head-and-neck region.
A Study Exploring Factors Affecting Participation and Response in Online Surveys Among Health-Care Workers
Authors: Khan Imran Ahmed , Bashar M. D. , Haider Jamal 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Nonresponse by the potential study participants is a big challenge in survey design and conduction as it reduces the effective sample size and can introduce bias affecting the validity and generalizability of the survey findings.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to explore enablers and barriers for participation and completion of web-based online surveys among the health-care workers of a tertiary care institute.

Materials and Methods:
A specially designed, pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants through personal interviews.

Results:
A total of 318 health-care workers constituted the final sample for the study (response rate: 95.2%), of which 52.8% were males and the rest 47.2% were females with majority (64.8%) <30 years of age. Only 6.6% of the participants were willing to respond to an online survey immediately, whereas majority (63.8%) would wait for some suitable time for responding. The common reasons given by the participants for responding to online survey were serving the society by doing so (43.4%), investigator values their opinion (39.6%), survey not being on any controversial issue (25.2%), and survey being anonymous (14.5%), and the common reasons for not responding to an online survey mentioned by the participants were forgetting about it due to busy schedule (58.8%), thinking it to be useless (27.6%), and lack of reminders (16.2%) and did not like participating in online surveys (10.2%).

Conclusion:
For achieving a good response and participation rates in online surveys, a multimodal approach is required consisting of traditional prenotification followed by several waves of reminders and, if possible, personalized message and telephonic follow-up. The online surveys should be short, appealing, less frequent, nonrepetitive, completely anonymous, and asking for minimal personal information to achieve good participation rate.
Work-Related Musculoskeletal Pain and the Associated Factors in Mobile Phone Technicians
Authors: Nimje Akshay M. , Kothare Harshadeep G. , Chaudhari Shyam V. , Sarath C. , Vijay P. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
In this digital era, the role of mobile phone technicians is very important. Musculoskeletal discomfort is one of the most frequent occupational health concerns in both developed and developing nations, and it comes at a substantial cost to employers in terms of reduced productivity and higher health care expenses.

Material and Methods:
The aim was to study the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal discomfort among mobile phone technicians in Nagpur, India. An observational cross sectional study was conducted on 1000 repair technicians satisfying the inclusion criteria. Perception of barriers and facilitators was estimated as a percentage along with a 95% confidence interval.

Results:
The prevalence was high (78%). Work related musculoskeletal pain in the age range between 25 and 33 years (51%) was more common. The present study found that the severity of pain according to the Numerical Pain Rating Scale for the majority of the study participants(55%) was moderate. The result indicates that the most discomfort of the body regions is in the neck (36%), followed by the lower back (30%).

Conclusion:
Work related musculoskeletal disorders represent a significant burden for mobile phone repair technicians. They may suffer musculoskeletal problems as a result of their prolonged work hours and heavy exertion. This study found a link between the emergence of musculoskeletal discomforts in mobile phone technicians and the factors that cause them.
Effectivity of Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis Scoring System for Diagnosing Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Suhas D. , Tote Darshana 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Acute appendicitis is a very common cause of acute abdomen, particularly associated with the young and middle age groups. Its diagnosis and management are primarily based on the clinical signs and symptoms. Many scoring systems have been made collaborating the signs and symptoms but do not cater to all population. The Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis (RIPASA) scoring system is a relatively newer clinical scoring system, which has been used worldwide with good efficacy in the quick diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Methods:
Research was done on 50 patients whose signs and symptoms were clinically suggestive of acute appendicitis. The patients were evaluated using RIPASA scores primarily on admission and were operated on the basis of the surgeon's decision. The scores were compared with the histopathological analysis, and efficacy was analyzed.

Results:
The sensitivity of the RIPASA score was 94.11%, specificity was 93.75%, positive predictive value was 96.96%, the negative predictive value of RIPASA score was 88.23%, and the diagnostic accuracy of RIPASA score was 94%.

Conclusion:
RIPASA scoring system is a simple and effective scoring system, which can be used in a bedside manner for an accurate diagnosis of appendicitis.
A Novel Research Protocol for Single-Blinded Randomized Trial for Evaluating the Impact of Gamification on Functional Independence and Health-Related Quality of Life Post Distal Radius Fracture
Authors: Naqvi Waqar , Qureshi Mohd. , Phansopkar Pratik 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Distal radius fracture (DRF) is the frequently occurring fracture in the upper extremity among all age groups. Physiotherapy is vividly used to optimize recovery and regain functional independence following a distal radial fracture. To date, however, work on virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation in patients with DRF is limited. This research aims to evaluate the impact of gamification on functional independence and health-related quality of life in post-DRF.

Methodology:
In a single-blinded randomized controlled trial, the participants (n = 40) with DRF will be recruited. The participants will be enrolled into either an experimental or control group with 1:1 allocation ratio. Participants in the intervention group will undergo both VR training using oculus and conventional therapy for 6 weeks, and the participants in the conventional group will undergo only conventional therapy. Functional independence and HWQoL will be assessed using (patient-rated wrist evaluation) scale, Michigan hand outcomes questionnaire and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) Outcome Questionnaire throughout the treatment duration and after 6 weeks of rehabilitation. Result: There is significant impact of gamification on functional independence and health-related quality of life post distal radius fracture.

Conclusion:
This research seeks to examine the rapid and long-term results of VR-based rehabilitation in post DRF patients. The findings of this study will help prospective patients with DRF, which may include a newly designed method of rehabilitation.
To Evaluate the Knowledge and Awareness of Consent Among Interns and Postgraduates of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha
Authors: Deshmukh Indranil , Kashikar Yash , Kotwani Dheeraj , Quazi Syed Salimuddin Ziyauddin , Kakde Smita , Hirwani Vaibhav 
Published: March 2023

Background:
To evaluate the knowledge and awareness of consent among interns and post-graduates of Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha.

Objectives:
To study about awareness of consent. To study the knowledge of obtaining consent in special circumstances like Medical management of Minors and drunken persons, etc.

Materials and Methods and Study Design:
Cross sectional Observational study. Collective sampling method. Sample size: 200 students (Interns and residents) studying in JNMC & AVBRH were included by purposive sampling method. A semi-structured questionnaire was prepared to obtain all the information. Study duration: 6 months.

Inclusion criteria:
Interns and Post-graduate students.

Exclusion criteria:
Not willing to participate.
A Study on the Morphology of Pulmonary Vein Ostia and Left Atrium in the Cadaveric Heart
Authors: Sar Mamata , Singh Sabita , Bara Dibya Prabha , Baa Jeneeta , Mishra Srikanta Kumar , Soy Arpita , Behera Sarita 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Classically, pulmonary veins (PV) open to the left atrium (LA) through four ostia on its posterior wall. Variations from this pattern in the form of a common venous ostium or additional ostia are not uncommon. The myocardium of the LA extends into the PVs as myocardial sleeves (MS) which are often the site of focal electrical activity that initiates atrial fibrillation. The aim is to study the morphology of pulmonary venous ostia and posterior wall of LA and to find their correlation.

Materials and Methods:
Forty formalin preserved specimens of the heart were included in this study. The number and position of PV ostia were noted and categorized into six types. The dimensions of ostia and posterior wall of LA were measured. Data were statistically analyzed. The pulmonary venous wall was examined microscopically for the presence of myocardial tissue.

Results:
Classical pattern was the commonest (62.5%) followed by additional middle PV (MPV) on the right (12.5%) and common ostium on the left (10%). The mean diameter was maximum for the common right PV ostium (14.7 mm ± 0.5) and minimum for the right MPV ostium (8 mm ± 1.4). The mean sagittal and coronal dimensions of LA were 56.4 mm ± 11.4 and 47.9 mm ± 8.7, respectively. R Square value of 43% and Pearson's correlation of 0.58 showed a strong association between ostial and atrial area. MS was found microscopically in the venous wall.

Conclusion:
The morphometry of PV ostia and LA can provide useful information for cardiothoracic surgery.
Impact of Music on the Vitals in Patients Undergoing Cataract Extraction Surgery
Authors: Walavalkar Ruta , Gadegone Aditi , Daigavane Sachin 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Music is an inexpensive, easily available anxietolytic known to mankind since ages. Cataract extraction surgery is one of the widely performed surgeries under local anesthesia. India is a developing country where limited resources are spent over health infrastructure which has to cater to a large population. In our study, we have tried to utilize the anxietolytic effect of music in combating the anxiety and stress patients suffer from during surgery to essentially better the postoperative prognosis of the patients in the most inexpensive way possible.

Materials and Methods:
The sample size was decided taking into consideration various prevalence studies. The patients were consequently recruited for the study considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into two groups – both undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under local anesthesia by the same surgeon in the same operating room where one group was made to listen to "Classical Sitar Music," whereas the other group was not made to listen to music. Blood pressure and heart rates were measured before and after surgery and compared in all patients.

Results:
Blood pressure and heart rates were statistically significantly normalized (lowered) postoperatively as compared to their preoperative values in the group which were made to listen to music.

Conclusion:
Music can be used widely used in decreasing anxiety levels in patients undergoing cataract extraction surgery, thereby improving the postoperative prognosis in patients in a cost-effective way.
A Study to Assess the Knowledge of Nurses Regarding the Management of Pregnant Women During COVID-19
Authors: Dumbre Dipali Umesh , Patil Deepa 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is making these terrifying and unsure occasions. We as whole have a story to tell-whom we know, how we are being affected and how our lives are evolving. Certain patient populaces are confronting remarkable encounters and difficulties. The proof on prebirth, intrapartum, and baby blues hazards and transmission is restricted, the circumstances are quickly evolving. We do realize that in pregnancy, immunologic, and physiologic changes do happen, which could make pregnant ladies more defenseless to viral respiratory diseases, including COVID-2019

.
The World Health Organization has acknowledges that the hard work and selfless service provided by India's health workers, including nurses and midwives, have no doubt contributed to the country's impressive recovery rate of 31.5%. In a series of profiles, nurses described their challenges in keeping their charges and themselves safe on a COVID-19 repatriation flight in hospital and ICUs, providing antenatal care, elderly care, and psychosocial support in the context of COVID-19.

Objective:
The aim of this was to assess the knowledge of nurses regarding the management of pregnant women during COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:
A Nonexperimental Descriptive Research Approach is used. Sixty samples were selected using Nonprobability Purposive Sampling Technique. Data were collected using knowledge-based questionnaire on the management of pregnant women during COVID-19 outbreak through online Google form.

Results:
The tool included two sections; the first section had demographic data and the second section included an assessment of the knowledge of nurses regarding the management of pregnant women during COVID-19 outbreak. The data were analyzed further which revealed that the study findings show that the majority (55%) of the staff nurses are having age between 22 and 30 years. It also shows that 55% were female and 45% were male nurses. The majority of nurses (60%) were done BSc nursing. Majority of them having experience between 0 and 5 years (25%). The assessment is made for the knowledge of nurses regarding the management of pregnant women during COVID-19 of the rating were selected from YES or NO. The assessment result shows that majority of the nurses are having knowledge regarding the management of pregnant women during COVID-19.

Conclusion:
The findings indicate that the questionnaire was effective in assessing the knowledge of nurses regarding the management of pregnant women during COVID-19.
Comparative Evaluation of Antibacterial and Antifungal Efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Angelus®, Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Plus™, and Intermediate Restorative Material – A Microbiological In vitro Study
Authors: Joshi Sourabh Ramesh , Palekar Aparna Umesh , Pendyala Gowri Swaminatham , Mopagar Viddyasagar , Deorukhkar Sachin , Singh Mukund 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
The study objective was to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal properties of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Angelus® (MTA-A), MTA Plus™ (MTA-P), and intermediate restorative material (IRM).

Materials and Methods:
Pellets of MTA-P, MTA-A, and IRM were prepared to test the influence of these cements on the growth of four oral microbial strains, Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans, using agar diffusion method. The agar was removed, and the manipulated material was placed in the wells thus formed. The pellets were lodged in the seeded wells and incubated at 37°C for 24–72 h, after which the growth inhibition was measured. The data were analyzed using Student's t-test to compare the differences among the three cements at different concentrations.

Results:
The test results indicated that the antimicrobial activity of MTA-P, on both the microorganisms tested, was very strong, showing a mean inhibition zone of 3.1 mm, which extends over time toward all the strains. The diameters of the inhibition zones for E. faecalis were statistically significantly larger than that for Candida (P < 0.05) for MTA-P, IRM, and MTA-A.

Conclusion:
The materials showed antimicrobial activity against the tested strains. IRM showed no antimicrobial activity on Candida. The largest inhibition zone was observed for E. fecalis group. MTA-P created larger inhibition zones than MTA-A and IRM.
Comparison of Hemodynamic Effects of Intravenous Etomidate Versus Thiopentone During Induction and Intubation Using Entropy-Guided Hypnosis Levels in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Cases
Authors: Taware Manisha , Sonkusale Manishkumar , Kuthe Sachin 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Most of the induction agents cause hypotension. Accurate assessment of the depth of anesthesia using various monitors contributes to tailor drug administration, thus maintaining anesthetic depth and improving hemodynamic stability.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to compare the hemodynamic responses during induction and intubation between etomidate and thiopentone and to compare their doses, using entropy-guided hypnosis levels, in patients of coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG).

Methodology:
After ethics committee clearance, 60 patients for CABG were randomly allocated into the etomidate or thiopentone group, based on induction agents. Anesthesia was induced using intravenous etomidate or thiopentone titrated to state entropy (SE) level of 40–60. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressures, response entropy, and SE were recorded before, during, and after induction of anesthesia. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics using Chi-square test, Students paired and unpaired t-test.

Results:
Stable hemodynamics was maintained with both etomidate and thiopentone. There was 33.3% and 34% less dose requirement in the etomidate and thiopentone groups, respectively. Minimal drug side effects and lesser complications were observed with equipotent doses, using entropy to guide equivalent hypnosis levels.

Conclusion:
The use of etomidate and thiopentone titrated to entropy leads to reduced etomidate and thiopentone dosage translating into increased hemodynamic stability during induction with adequate anesthetic depth.
Comparison of Laparoscopic Findings with Tuberculosis Polymerase Chain Reaction in the Diagnosis of Genital Tuberculosis Among Subfertile Women
Authors: Shrivastava Deepti , Jain Jaya 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is an important cause of infertility. The Fallopian tubes are involved in almost 90% of the cases.

Materials and Methods:
All 50 participants were women with complaints of infertility to whom FGTB was suspected as a cause of infertility or women with infertility of unknown etiology. After selecting the patient according to inclusion criteria, women were posted for diagnostic laparoscopy and endometrial aspirate/biopsy was sent for TB polymerase chain reaction (TB PCR).

Results:
In our study, infertile women who had clinical and hysterosalpingography findings suggestive of genital TB underwent endometrial biopsy for TB PCR and hysterolaparoscopy for further evaluation. Among them, 7 (14%) endometrial TB PCR-positive cases were found in the study. Clinical and hysterolaparoscopy findings in these cases were carefully reviewed, although laparoscopic findings were suggestive of TB in 9 (18%) women.

Conclusion:
Direct visualization of the female genital tract by laparoscopy is most confirmatory and should be considered for starting the antitubercular treatment on the basis of laparoscopic findings.