bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-model fusion-based framework for daily flood forecasting in multiple-step-ahead and near future under climate change scenarios
Authors: Khajehali Marzieh , Safavi Hamid R. , Nikoo Mohammad Reza , Fooladi Mahmood 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study proposes a novel fusion framework for flood forecasting based on machine learning, statistical, and geostatistical models for daily multiple-step-ahead and near future under climate change scenarios. To do this, remote sensing precipitation data of ERA5, CHIRPS, and PERSIANN-CDR were utilized to fill the gap data of meteorological stations. Four Individual Machine Learning (IML) models, including Random Forest, Multiple-Layer Perceptron, Support Vector Machine, and Extreme Learning Machine were developed for twelve days ahead of streamflow modeling. Then, three fusion models, including Random Forest, Bayesian Model Averaging, and Bayesian Maximum Entropy were applied to combine the outputs of IML models. The proposed framework also was implemented to downscale the precipitation variable of three general climate models (GCMs) under SSP5-8.5 and SSP1-2.6 scenarios. The results indicated that individual models illustrated weak performance, especially in far steps flood forecasting, so it is necessary to utilize a fusion technique to improve the results. In the fusion step, the RF model indicated high efficiency compared to other fusion models. This technique also demonstrated an effective proficiency in downscaling precipitation data of GCMs on a daily scale. Finally, flood forecasting model was developed based on the fusion framework in the near future (2020–2040) by using the precipitation data of two scenarios. We conclude that flood events based on both SSP5-8.5 and SSP1-2.6 will increase in the future in our case study. Also, the frequency evaluation shows that floods under SSP1-2.6 will occur about 10 percent more than SSP5-8.5 in the Kan river basin from 2020 to 2040.
mcGANs: Topology Optimization Using Multi-stage CGAN
Authors: Cui Fuhao , Han Jiachen , Jiang Tao , Rang Xiaodi , Ma Chaoqing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The traditional methods of solving topology optimization depends on finite element method (FEM). However, the iterative calculation of FEM increases the time cost of topology optimization significantly. In this paper, a novel strategy based on deep learning is proposed to speed up the topology optimization process. Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (CGAN) is used as the basic network in which the constraints of optimization are taken into consideration as the conditions of generation. Additionally, the stress and strain are generated from initial physical information by networks, and used as the inputs of optimization network. The cascaded network can realize structural topology optimization without iterative calculations in the whole process. Experiments show that the topology optimization results generated by the proposed network are as satisfactory as those generated by iterative methods. Meanwhile, the processing time is greatly reduced.
Reliability and Validity of Theory of Planned Behaviour Constructs for Assessing Sexual Intention Among Adolescent Boys.
Authors: SAINI NAZRIE , SAIMON ROSALIA , Safii Razitasham 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The newly devised sexual intention questionnaire for adolescent boys (SIQ-AB) is an improvised tool from the Youth Sexual Intention Questionnaire (YSI-Q) and Theory of Planned Behaviour, aiming to assess the influence of knowledge, permissive attitude, social norms, and self-efficacy toward the sexual intention.
Methods
This study determines the reliability and validity of the SIQ-AB. It was conducted on a total sample of 378 (exploratory factor analysis, n = 126 and confirmatory factor analysis, n = 126) among adolescent boys from Lundu, Serian, and Kota Samarahan, Sarawak. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) assesses four constructs of sexual intention that include attitude, self-efficacy, and social norms with a 4-point Likert scale with a total of 19 items. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assesses only three constructs of attitude, self-efficacy, and social norms with a 4-point Likert scale with a total of 14 items adopted from YSI-Q.
Results
The EFA supported the three-factor structures, with 19 items that explained 65.79 percent of the total variance. EFA supported the four-factor structure, but two items were removed due to incorrect placement or low factor loading (< 0.50). Internal reliability using Cronbach’s alpha ranged from 0.764 and 0.918. The CFA further confirmed the construct, convergent and composite validity of the SIQ-AB with χ2 = 81.086, df = 50, p < 0.001, χ 2/df = 1.621, CFI = 0.94 and TLI = 0.92 and RMSEA = 0.071.
Conclusions
The result proved that the SIQ-AB instrument has high reliability and valid tool to be used to measure the sexual intention of adolescent boys.
Predictors of Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor (PDE5I) Treatment Failure in Patients Diagnosed with Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: AlBarakati Muath , El-Tholoth Hossam , Alzahrani Abdulaziz , AlGhamdi Omar , Alquliti Abdulrahman , Alnuami Musa , Althobity Abdulmajeed , Almardawi Abdulmalik , Bedaiwi Khaled 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To determine the predictors of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) treatment failure in patients suffering from erectile dysfunction in order to optimize their treatment and improve compliance, and thus patient outcomes.
Data for this retrospective study was obtained by reviewing the hospital records of patients with erectile dysfunction in whom PDE5I treatment failed as well as those in whom it was successful. After obtaining demographic information (age, marriage duration, BMI, smoking status, and comorbidities) related to all such cases laboratory test results (HbA1c, Total Testosterone, Free Testosterone, SHBG, Estradiol, FSH, LH, Prolactin, Vitamin D, Cholesterol, LDL, HDL, Triglyceride, PSA, TSH, T4, and CBC values) at the first visit were recorded for inclusion in analyses. Subsequent analyses focused on comparing the group of patients in whom PDE5I failed (n = 288)—denoted as treatment group—with the age-matched control group (n = 225) in whom PDE5I was successful.
Analyses of all gathered data revealed statistically significant differences in HbA1c (p < .0001), free testosterone (p < .0001), and SHBG (p < .002) values between the treatment and the control group.
Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor (PDE5I) failure is more likely to occur in diabetic patients with high levels of HbA1c, low free testosterone and high SHBG. Thus, management of these conditions could improve treatment outcomes in this patent cohort.
Ethnobotanical survey of some wild edible plants among the Mursi, Bodi and Bacha communities in lower Omo valley of south Omo zone, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Gobezie Sintayehu , Mersha Wondmneh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The Mursi, Bodi and Bacha communities are the three agro-pastoral ethnic groups in the lower Omo valley of Ethiopia. Mursi, Bodi and Bacha descriptions are ethnonyms given by outsiders, that the Mursi call themselves Mun, Bodi designates the two groups who call themselves Mela and Chirim, and that Bacha call themselves Kwegu. The livelihood of the two groups depend on the integration of activities like, flood-retreat cultivation, cattle herding and rain-fed cultivation. Whereas Bacha communities are mainly dependent on foraging for wild animals and plants, fishing, and beekeeping activities in the Omo riverine forest. As the three groups live in similar environment, they share quite similar interests to multidimensional management concerns within a mutual interaction with their ecosystems. WEPs are parts in focus of their importance as they play a significant role in their daily life meal throughout the year. However, these people faced catastrophic decline and damage to their environment in the last 30 years which critically need ethnobotanical assessment and correlated measures to alleviate the problem that our objective gave emphasis. The result of this study indicated 49 taxonomically identified wild edible plants species; forty-seven (47) species were common to the three groups while two were unique to Bacha. The WEPs in these communities belong to 43 genera and 27 families. Majority of plants mentioned in the community have been with multipurpose usage; in which 16 WEP species claimed as nutraceutical. This ongoing study in documenting the WEPs of indigenous communities in the lower Omo valley, exhibited as this environment is rich in related biodiversity and knowledge towards it. Continuous inventory and documenting of WEPs, safety assessment and promotion for conservation as well as isolating and preserving of buffer areas comprised of bushy grassland, forests and river banks accessible to the inhabitants are highly recommended.
Whoever wants better healthcare simply pays more: citizens' perception about voluntary private health insurance in Colombia
Authors: Patiño-Lugo Daniel Felipe , Vélez Claudia Marcela , Díaz-Hernández Diana Patricia , Salazar-Blanco Olga Francisca , González-Arango Juan Esteban , Velásquez-Correa Juan Carlos , Rodríguez-Corredor Leydi Camila , Vélez-Marín Viviana María , Velasquez-Salazar Pamela 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To explore and explain the perceptions that Colombians have about voluntary private health insurance plans (VPHI) in the health system to identify the tensions that exist between the public and private systems.
Methods
A case study with semistructured interviews of patients, healthcare workers, healthcare administrators, decision-makers, and citizens.
Results
Based on interviews with 46 participants, we developed a paradigmatic matrix that explains how, in a context mediated by both the commodification of health and social stratification, failures in the public health system related to lack of timely care, extensive administrative procedures, and the search for privileged care led to positioning VPHI as a solution to these failures. The interviewees identified three consequences of using VPHI: first, the worsening of problems of timely access to care in the public system; second, higher costs for citizens translated into double payment for technologies and services to which they are entitled; third, the widening of inequity gaps in access to health services between people with similar needs but different payment capacities.
Conclusions
These findings can help decision makers to dimension the direct and indirect effects generated by the growth of VPHI and complement analyses of how private insurance, instead of solving the problem of timely access to care, may contribute to increasing it and worsening equity gaps in health in the country.
Using Millimeter-Wave Radar to Evaluate the Performance of Dummy Models for Advanced Driving Assistance Systems Test
Authors: Lv Donghui , Yuan Lin , Bai Xue 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of intelligent and connected vehicles, the experimental road test for Advanced Driving Assistance System (ADAS) is dramatically increasing around the world. Considering its high cost and hazardous situations, simulation test based on dummy model is becoming a promising way for ADAS road test practice to reduce the experiment expanses. This study proposed a methodology for the evaluation of the performance of human and dummies with distinct designed materials based on the data extracted from the Doppler effect of millimeter-wave radar. Echo data of 8 different angles from 0 to 360 degrees, with the interval of 45 degrees, at the same distance between the test object and the signal source are collected. Meanwhile, the echo energy is collected for correlation modeling and analysis among groups. By evaluating the performance of human and dummies via statistical analysis, a close correlation was found which results verified the substitutability of the dummy for ADAS experiment test. The correlation coefficient between human and dummies ranges from 0.75 to 0.93. The support vector machine (SVM) model was developed and fitted to predict the echo energy in diverse environments. The Mean Average Error is 5.42 to 11.42 in the training and testing datasets while Root Mean Square Error is 0.43 to 0.90. The methods developed in the study can simulate the real ADAS road test environment and support future experimental research.
The influence of the precuneus on the hippocampus determines the subjective quality of memory during the retrieval of naturalistic episodes
Authors: Foudil Samy-Adrien , Macaluso Emiliano 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Memory retrieval entails dynamic interactions between the medial temporal lobe and areas in the parietal and frontal cortices. Here, we targeted changes of connectivity associated with the subjective quality of remembering objects together with information about their rich spatio-temporal encoding context. During a 45 min encoding session, the participants actively explored a virtual town and were presented with pictures of objects that where later tested during retrieval. The following day, under fMRI, participants were presented with images of objects and had to report whether: they recognized the object and could remember the place/time of encoding, the object was familiar only, or the object was new. The hippocampus, the precuneus and the ventro-medial prefrontal cortex activated when the participants successfully recognized objects they had seen in the virtual town, and reported that they could remember the place/time of that event. Analyses of effective connectivity showed that the influence exerted by the precuneus on the hippocampus mediates this effect of episodic recollection, and indicated also a contribution of the connectivity between the hippocampus and the medial prefrontal cortex. We conclude that the causal influences between the nodes of the medial memory system underlie the subjective experience of remembering contextually-rich episodes.
Nitrogen addition-driven soil carbon stability depends on the fractions of particulate and mineral-associated organic carbon
Authors: Xu Yulin , Zhao Yuqing , Cha Xinyu , Yang Wanlin , Zheng Mengtao , Liu Shuang , Wang Yuxiao , Cai Andong , Han Xinhui , Yang Gaihe , Ren Chengjie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Nitrogen (N) deposition greatly affects soil carbon (C) fractions, triggering changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) persistence and functionality. However, the responses of soil C fractions to N deposition remain unclear on a global scale. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of 69 publications and explored the response of C fractions (particulate organic carbon, POC; mineral-associated organic carbon, MOC) to N addition. We found that N addition significantly increases the POC and MOC pool, yet the large rise in the fraction of POC (fPOC) and the decline in the fraction of MOC (fMOC) were observed, suggesting that N addition enhances soil C pool but decreases soil C stability globally. Moreover, the response ratios of POC and MOC were positively correlated with the duration of N addition. For soil C sequestration, POC was the most important predictor under short-term N addition, while the MOC jointly contribute to the C accumulation after long-term N addition. Overall, our study provides solid evidence that N addition would reduce the soil C stability mainly depending on the POC change and proposes a novel approach to predict the soil C-climate feedback for Earth System Models.
Production of metabolites from mutant strains of Rhodotorula minuta upon varied temperature
Authors: A Gowthami G , S Gunashree B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present investigation focussed on the production of metabolites such as phytase, carotenoid pigment, lipids, and exopolysaccharide content by a hyper producing putative mutant strain of Rhodotorula minuta. Several putative mutants namely MR5, MR7, MR9, MR13, CMR1, and CMR2 were isolated after a series of UV and chemical (Ethyl methane sulfonate, EMS) mutagenesis of an orange yeast strain, Rhodotorula minuta. The effect of different temperatures on the production of metabolites by these mutants was tested. The result showed an highest phytase from CMR1 (26.735 U/ml) and MR7 (21.620 U/ml) at 30 and 35°C respectively. With respect to exopolysaccharide production, highest yield of 1000 and 1300 mg/l was obtained at 40°C with MR9 and CMR2, respectively, while lipid production from MR5 (34 g/kg) and CMR1 (11 g/kg) was at 25°C. Total carotenoid content in MR13 was 445 µg/kg at 35°C and in CMR1 it was found to be 454 µg/kg dry cell weight at 25°C. All the putative mutant strains of Rhodotorula minuta produced highest amount of one or the other tested metabolites. The CMR1 strain produced highest amount of both carotenoid and phytase, CMR2 strain produced good amount of exopolysaccharide while MR5 strain showed maximum accumulation of lipid content in the cells.
BAALC-экспрессирующие лейкозные гемопоэтические стволовые клетки и их место в изучении CBF-позитивных острых миелоидных лейкозов у взрослых и детей
Authors: Канунников М. М. , Мамаев Николай Николаевич , Гиндина Т. Л. , Шакирова А. И. , Садыков А. М. , Разумова С. В. , Бондаренко С. Н. , Зубаровская Л. С. 
Published: September 2023

Background. Due to changing views on pathogenesis, risk factors and therapy strategies in prognostically favorable CBF-positive acute myeloid leukemias[1] (AML), the expression monitoring of RUNX1/RUNX1T1 or CBFB/MYH11 fusion genes, as an additional evaluation of treatment outcomes, appears to be insufficient. This indicates the need to improve the monitoring of the CBF+ AML course by means of parallel measurements of BAALC expression levels which roughly correlate with the mass of BAALC-expressing leukemia hematopoietic stem cells (BAALC-e LHSC).
Aim. To improve the quality of assessing treatment outcomes with due account for expression levels of RUNX1/RUNX1T1 or CBFB/MYH11 fusion genes and the mass of BAALC-e LHSC and on this basis to pave the way for personalized CBF+ AML treatment.
Materials & Methods. This study enrolled 39 adult patients aged 20–81 years (median 32 years) and 8 children aged 2–18 years (median 12 years). Among them there were 20 females and 27 males. AML with inv(16)(p13;q22)/t(16;16) was identified in 19 patients, t(8;21)(q22;q22) was detected in 28 patients. BAALC, WT1, RUNX1/RUNX1T1, CBFB/MYH11 expression levels were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and related to the expression of the ABL1 expert gene.
Results. In 23 patients, inv(16) and t(8;21) appeared to be isolated. Additional multidirectional chromosomal changes were observed in 24 patients with inv(16) and in 18 patients with t(8;21). All enrolled patients showed increased BAALC expression. In the course of therapy, it was decreasing to the threshold value in 16/18 (89 %) patients. The evaluation of the mean BAALC expression levels in the pooled groups of children and adults with isolated findings of either inv(16) or t(8;21) showed the decrease of the BAALC-e LHSC mass only in children (p = 0.049). The comparison of the mean WT1 expression levels in the pooled groups of children and adults with isolated and additional chromosomal abnormalities revealed their significant decrease in patients with complicated variants (p = 0.023).
Conclusion. The case reports provided in this paper show that the molecular monitoring with serial measurements of fusion genes and BAALC gene expression levels in CBF+ AML patients can lay the basis for further improvement of personalized treatment strategies for these patients. In all likelihood, parallel measurements of the above gene expression levels will allow to establish the framework for decision-making concerning treatment extent and timely HSC transplantation.
Automated Measurement of Air Bubbles Dispersion in Ice Cream Using Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Korolev Igor 
Published: September 2023

Ice cream is a popular cold dessert. Its air phase consists of tiny bubbles with an average diameter of 15–60 µm. New ice cream formulations depend on the way the composition and production factors affect the air phase. As a result, ice cream producers need new time-saving and reliable methods to determine dispersion. The research objective was to create a computer program for marking the position of centers and diameter of air bubbles on microscopic images of a bounding circle type.
The review part included 20 years of Russian and English publications on microscopic research methods in ice cream production indexed in Web of Science and Russian Research Citation Index. Microscopic images of ice cream air phase were obtained using an Olympus CX41RF microscope with a magnification of ×100. The automatic markup program employed the Python programming language, the Keras machine learning library, and the TensorFlow framework. The models were trained using the NVIDIA GTX video accelerator.
The review showed that the dispersion of ice cream air phase depends on its composition and the freezing parameters whereas bubble formation is usually described in line with the existing foaming theories. A training data set was obtained by manual labeling of microscopic images. The optimal number channels in the convolutional layers of a neural network with LeNet-type architecture was determined, which made it possible to classify images as spheres or non-spheres with an accuracy of ≥ 0.995. The sliding window method helped to determine the limits of the neural network triggering for the sliding window method were determined, which reached 7.5% of the diameter with lateral displacement and 12.5% with scaling. The developed algorithm automatically marked bubbles on microscopic images. The error in determining the average diameter was below 1.8%.
The new method for automated calculation of the number and diameter of air bubbles in ice cream proved to be user-friendly. It can be found in public domain, and researchers are free to adapt it to solve various computer vision issues.
Sonochemical Effects on Wheat Starch
Authors: Bredikhin Sergey , Martekha Alexander , Toroptsev Vasily , Kaverina Yuliya , Korotkiy Igor 
Published: September 2023

The food industry uses sonochemical treatment as part of emulsification, homogenization, and dispersion, as well as to modify viscosity and structure. Starch is one of the most common food ingredients, both as a raw material or a property-modifying additive. The research objective was to study the effect of sonochemical action on the structural and mechanical properties of wheat starch suspensions.
The study involved suspension samples with 10% wheat starch. The suspension samples were treated with ultrasound using an ultrasonic device Volna-M model UZTA-1/22-OM or in an ultrasonic bath (22 kHz; 100, 150, 300, and 400 W). The treatment time was 15 and 30 min. The rheological, physical, and textural properties were recorded according to conventional methods before and after the treatment.
The ultrasonic treatment caused mechanical damage to the starch, making it more accessible to moisture when heated. As a result, the structural, mechanical, and rheological properties of starch suspensions changed. All the studied suspensions had a non-Newtonian character. The ultrasonic treatment increased their consistency coefficient from 28.12 to 152.75 µPa·s. The gelatinization temperature of all experimental starch suspensions dropped from 63.4 to 61.0°C. The short high-power ultrasound treatment reduced the strength of gels to 1.25 N compared to that of native starch gel (4.28 N).
In this research, the ultrasound treatment of wheat starch suspensions modified the structural, mechanical, and rheological profile of starch and proved able to replace some conventional starch modification procedures, i.e., chemical, physical, or enzymatic. The new approach can provide modified starches of a preset quality while reducing energy costs and processing time.