bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detect Acute Porphyrias in Emergency Departments (DePorED) – a pilot study
Authors: Diehl-Wiesenecker Eva , Blaschke Sabine , Wohmann Nils , Kubisch Ilja , Stauch Thomas , Mainert Mona , Helm Franziska , von Wegerer Sabine , Pittrow David , Frank Jorge , Stölzel Ulrich , Somasundaram Rajan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcute porphyrias (APs) are a group of rare metabolic diseases related to a disturbed heme biosynthesis. Symptoms may first occur as life threatening attacks, comprising abdominal pain and/or variable neuro-psychiatric symptoms, thus leading to presentation in emergency departments (ED) first. Due to the low prevalence, diagnosis of AP is often missed, even after readmission to the ED. Therefore, strategies are needed to consider APs in ED patients with unexplained abdominal pain, especially since early and adequate treatment will avoid an unfavorable clinical course. Aim of this prospective study was to investigate the prevalence of APs in ED patients and thus, addressing feasibility of screening for rare diseases, such as APs in the real life setting.MethodsFrom September 2019 to March 2021, patients presenting to the ED of three German tertiary care hospitals with moderate to severe prolonged abdominal pain (Visual Analog Scale, VAS > 4 out of 10 points) not otherwise explained were screened and prospectively enrolled. In addition to standard of care (SOC) diagnostics a blood and urine sample for plasma fluorescence scan and biochemical porphyrin analysis were sent to a certified German porphyria laboratory.ResultsOverall, of 653 screened patients, 68 patients (36 females; mean age 36 years) were included for biochemical porphyrin analysis. No patient with AP was detected. The most frequent discharge diagnoses included “abdominal and digestive symptoms” (n = 22, 32%), “gastrooesophageal diseases” (n = 18, 27%), “infectious bowel disease” (n = 6, 9%) and “biliopancreatic diseases” (n = 6, 9%). Although not primarily addressed, we observed an increase in knowledge of the ED staffs at all study sites regarding our screening algorithm and thus, awareness for APs.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, we performed the first prospective screening project for APs in the ED. Although we detected no patient with AP in this study, we demonstrated the feasibility of a multicenter screening process for APs by building up a well-working infrastructure comprising laboratory testing as well as data management. This enables the set-up of a larger scale revised follow-up study with a central focus on structured education, thus, possibly acting as blueprint for other rare diseases.
B4GALT1 promotes immune escape by regulating the expression of PD-L1 at multiple levels in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Cui Yanan , Li Jun , Zhang Pengpeng , Yin Dandan , Wang Ziyu , Dai Jiali , Wang Wei , Zhang Erbao , Guo Renhua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Invasive adenocarcinoma (IAC), which is typically preceded by minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA), is the dominant pathological subtype of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Identifying the molecular events underlying the progression from MIA to IAC may provide a crucial perspective and boost the exploration of novel strategies for early-stage LUAD diagnosis and treatment.

Methods
Transcriptome sequencing of four pairs of MIA and IAC tumours obtained from four multiple primary lung cancer patients was performed to screen out beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase1 (B4GALT1). Function and mechanism experiments in vitro and in vivo were performed to explore the regulatory mechanism of B4GALT1-mediated immune evasion by regulating programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

Results
B4GALT1, a key gene involved in N-glycan biosynthesis, was highly expressed in IAC samples. Further experiments revealed that B4GALT1 regulated LUAD cell proliferation and invasion both in vitro and in vivo and was related to the impaired antitumour capacity of CD8 + T cells. Mechanistically, B4GALT1 directly mediates the N-linked glycosylation of PD-L1 protein, thus preventing PD-L1 degradation at the posttranscriptional level. In addition, B4GALT1 stabilized the TAZ protein via glycosylation, which activated CD274 at the transcriptional level. These factors lead to lung cancer immune escape. Importantly, inhibition of B4GALT1 increased CD8 + T-cell abundance and activity and enhanced the antitumour immunity of anti-PD-1 therapy in vivo.

Conclusion
B4GALT1 is a critical molecule in the development of early-stage LUAD and may be a novel target for LUAD intervention and immunotherapy.
Influence of alcohol consumption and alcohol metabolism variants on breast cancer risk among Black women: results from the AMBER consortium
Authors: Young Kristin L. , Olshan Andrew F. , Lunetta Kathryn , Graff Mariaelisa , Williams Lindsay A. , Yao Song , Zirpoli Gary R. , Troester Melissa , Palmer Julie R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundModerate to heavy alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. The etiologic role of genetic variation in genes involved in ethanol metabolism has not been established, with little information available among women of African ancestry.MethodsOur analysis from the African American Breast Cancer Epidemiology and Risk (AMBER) Consortium included 2889 U.S. Black women who were current drinkers at the time of breast cancer diagnosis (N cases = 715) and had available genetic data for four ethanol metabolism genomic regions (ADH, ALDH, CYP2E1, andALDH2). We used generalized estimating equations to calculate genetic effects, gene* alcohol consumption (≥ 7drinks/week vs. < 7/week) interactions, and joint main plus interaction effects of up to 23,247 variants in ethanol metabolism genomic regions on odds of breast cancer.ResultsAmong current drinkers, 21% of cases and 14% of controls reported consuming ≥ 7 drinks per week. We identified statistically significant genetic effects for rs79865122-C inCYP2E1with odds of ER- breast cancer and odds of triple negative breast cancer, as well as a significant joint effect with odds of ER- breast cancer (≥ 7drinks per week OR = 3.92, < 7 drinks per week OR = 0.24,pjoint = 3.74 × 10−6). In addition, there was a statistically significant interaction of rs3858704-A inALDH2with consumption of ≥ 7 drinks/week on odds of triple negative breast cancer (≥ 7drinks per week OR = 4.41, < 7 drinks per week OR = 0.57,pint = 8.97 × 10–5).ConclusionsThere is a paucity of information on the impact of genetic variation in alcohol metabolism genes on odds of breast cancer among Black women. Our analysis of variants in four genomic regions harboring ethanol metabolism genes in a large consortium of U.S. Black women identified significant associations between rs79865122-C inCYP2E1and odds of ER- and triple negative breast cancer. Replication of these findings is warranted.
Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) for the reduction of the self-stigma of mental disorders: the COMpassion for Psychiatric disorders, Autism and Self-Stigma (COMPASS) study protocol for a randomized controlled study
Authors: Riebel M. , Rohmer O. , Charles E. , Lefebvre F. , Weibel S. , Weiner L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
People with mental disorders face frequent stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors from others. Importantly, they can internalize such negative attitudes and thus self-stigmatize. Self-stigma is involved in diminished coping skills leading to social avoidance and difficulties in adhering to care. Reducing self-stigma and its emotional corollary, shame, is thus crucial to attenuate the negative outcomes associated with mental illness. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) is a third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy that targets shame reduction and hostile self-to-self relationship and allows for symptom improvement while increasing self-compassion. Although shame is a prominent part of the concept of self-stigma, the efficacy of CFT has never been evaluated in individuals with high levels of self-stigma. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of a group-based CFT program on self-stigma, compared to a psychoeducation program for self-stigma (Ending Self-Stigma) and to treatment as usual (TAU). We hypothesize that diminished shame and emotional dysregulation and increased self-compassion will mediate the relationship between self-stigma improvements post-therapy in the experimental group.

Methods
This seven-center trial will involve 336 participants diagnosed with a severe mental illness and/or autism spectrum disorder and reporting high levels of self-stigma. Participants will be randomized into one of three treatment arms: 12 week-treatment of compassion-focused therapy (experimental arm), 12 week-treatment of Psychoeducation (active control arm), and TAU (treatment as usual—passive control arm). The primary outcome is the decrease of self-stigma scores on a self-report scale, i.e., ISMI, at 12 weeks. Secondary endpoints include sustainability of self-stigma scores (ISMI) and self-reported scores regarding target psychological dimensions, e.g., shame and emotional regulation, social functioning, and psychiatric symptoms. Assessments are scheduled at pretreatment, post-treatment (at 12 weeks), and at 6-month follow-up. Acceptability will be evaluated via (i) the Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire at T0, (ii) the Consumer Satisfaction Questionnaire for Psychotherapeutic Services posttreatment and at 6-month follow-up, (iii) attendance, and (iv) dropout rates.

Discussion
This study will evaluate the potential efficacy and acceptability of a group-based CFT program on the decrease of self-stigma and thereby contribute to the continuing development of evidence-based therapeutic interventions for the internalized stigma of mental and neurodevelopmental disorders.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05698589. Registered on January 26, 2023
Synthesis of N,O-bidentate organic difluoroboron complexes and their photophysical studies
Authors: Guang Jin , Fan Weibin , Liu Zhiqi , Huang Deguang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe disclose a novel boron trifluoride induced C–H activation and difluoroboronation at room temperature, thus providing a straightforward gateway to a series of N,O-bidentate organic BF2 complexes. The scope of the method is demonstrated with 24 examples. All the synthesized compounds exhibit fluorescence and some of them have large Stokes shifts.
Graphical Abstract
Characterization of aberrant glycosylation associated with osteoarthritis based on integrated glycomics methods
Authors: Yu Hanjie , Li Mingxiu , Shu Jian , Dang Liuyi , Wu Xin , Wang Yuzi , Wang Xuan , Chang Xin , Bao Xiaojuan , Zhu Bojing , Ren Xiameng , Chen Wentian , Li Yi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, affecting millions of aging people. Investigation of abnormal glycosylation is essential for the understanding of pathological mechanisms of OA.

Methods
The total protein was isolated from OA (n = 13) and control (n = 11) cartilages. Subsequently, glycosylation alterations of glycoproteins in OA cartilage were investigated by lectin microarrays and intact glycopeptides analysis. Finally, the expression of glycosyltransferases involved in the synthesis of altered glycosylation was assessed by qPCR and GEO database.

Results
Our findings revealed that several glycopatterns, such as α-1,3/6 fucosylation and high-mannose type of N-glycans were altered in OA cartilages. Notably, over 27% of identified glycopeptides (109 glycopeptides derived from 47 glycoproteins mainly located in the extracellular region) disappeared or decreased in OA cartilages, which is related to the cartilage matrix degradation. Interestingly, the microheterogeneity of N-glycans on fibronectin and aggrecan core protein was observed in OA cartilage. Our results combined with GEO data indicated that the pro-inflammatory cytokines altered the expression of glycosyltransferases (ALG3, ALG5, MGAT4C, and MGAT5) which may contribute to the alterations in glycosylation.

Conclusion
Our study revealed the abnormal glycopatterns and heterogeneities of site-specific glycosylation associated with OA. To our knowledge, it is the first time that the heterogeneity of site-specific N-glycans was reported in OA cartilage. The results of gene expression analysis suggested that the expression of glycosyltransferases was impacted by pro-inflammatory cytokines, which may facilitate the degradation of protein and accelerate the process of OA. Our findings provide valuable information for the understanding of molecular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of OA.
Association between serum lipid profile during the first and second trimester of pregnancy as well as their dynamic changes and gestational diabetes mellitus in twin pregnancies: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Zheng Wei , Yuan Xianxian , Wang Jia , Yang Ruihua , Ma Yuru , Han Weiling , Huang Junhua , Ma Kaiwen , Zhang Puyang , Xu Lili , Zhang Lirui , Yan Xin , Chen Tengda , Zhang Yujie , Li Guanghui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Abnormal lipid metabolism is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in singleton pregnancies. Data were lacking on twin pregnancies with GDM. We explored the association between serum lipid profiles in the first and second trimesters as well as their dynamic changes and GDM in twin pregnancies.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of 2739 twin pregnancies that underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and were selected from the Beijing Birth Cohort Study from June 2013 to May 2021. Cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were measured at mean 9 and 25 weeks of gestation. We described maternal lipid levels in different tertiles that were associated with the risk of GDM stratified for age, pre-BMI, and fertilization type. GDM patients were divided into two groups according to OGTT: elevated fasting plasma glucose only (FPG group) and the rest of the GDM (non-FPG group). We estimated the relative risk of GDM with multivariable logistic regression models.

Results
In this study, we found that 599 (21.9%, 599/2739) twin pregnancies developed GDM. They had increased CHO, TG, LDL, and LDL/HDL, decreased HDL levels in the first trimester, and increased TG as well as decreased HDL in the second trimester in univariate analyses, each P < 0.05. In multivariate analysis, when TG > 1.67 mmol/l (upper tertile) in elderly individuals, nonoverweight and ART groups increased the risk of GDM by 2.7-fold, 2.3-fold and 2.2-fold, respectively, compared with TG < 0.96 mmol/l (lower tertile). This effect remained in the abovementioned groups in the second trimester. Moreover, high TGs increased the risk of GDM in the FPG group (OR = 2.076, 95% CI 1.130–3.815) and non-FPG group (OR = 2.526, 95% CI 1.739–3.67) in the first trimester when TG > 1.67 mmol/l, and the rising risk in the non-FPG group as the TG tertile increased remained in the second trimester. HDL predominantly showed a negative association with elevated FPG in the second trimester (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Twin pregnancies with GDM have higher lipid levels. Increased TGs in the first and second trimesters are strongly associated with GDM, especially in elderly individuals, nonoverweight and ART groups. Lipid profiles varied among different GDM subtypes.
Recent five-year progress in the impact of gut microbiota on vaccination and possible mechanisms
Authors: Huang Biqing , Wang Jianwei , Li Lanjuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVaccine is the most effective way to prevent the spread of communicable diseases, but the immune response induced by it varies greatly between individuals and populations in different regions of the world. Current studies have identified the composition and function of the gut microbiota as key factors in modulating the immune response to vaccination. This article mainly reviews the differences in gut microbiota among different groups of vaccinated people and animals, explores the possible mechanism of vaccine immunity affected by gut microbiota, and reviews the strategies for targeting gut microbiota to improve vaccine efficacy.
A comparative study of religious beliefs, spiritual intelligence and spiritual well-being in two therapies based on education (anonymous drug user) and methadone in drug user in Iran
Authors: Rajabi Raheleh , Eslami Aliabadi Hassan , Javad Mahdizadeh Mohammad , Azzizadeh Forouzi Mansooreh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
Prevention of high-risk behaviors has always been considered; According to the researches, a person’s religious attitudes and beliefs and intelligence quotient are associated with the prevention of high-risk behaviors such as drug addiction, and religiosity and spirituality also reduce drug addiction; Therefore, this study was conducted to compare religious beliefs, intelligence and spiritual health in two methods of education-based treatment and methadone in people with addiction.

Results
A comparative study was performed among 184 people on all drug users admitted to these wards that treated with methadone and participants of meetings of anonymous drug users. Four questionnaires were used to collect information. Mean, and standard deviation were used to describe the demographic characteristics of participants. Chi-square and fisher tests were used to compare demographic information in the two groups. The present study was performed following acquisition of the code of ethics (IR.BUMS.REC.1395.156) from Research Ethics Committee of Birjand University of Medical Sciences.
Lymphatic mapping for image-guided radiotherapy in patients with locally advanced uterine cervical cancer: a feasibility study
Authors: Adam Judit A. , Poel Edwin , van Eck-Smit Berthe L. F. , Mom Constantijne H. , Stalpers Lukas J. A. , Stoker Jaap , Bipat Shandra 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Lymph node metastasis is an important prognostic factor in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). No imaging method can successfully detect all (micro)metastases. This may result in (lymph node) recurrence after chemoradiation. We hypothesized that lymphatic mapping could identify nodes at risk and if radiation treatment volumes are adapted based on the lymphatic map, (micro)metastases not shown on imaging could be treated. We investigated the feasibility of lymphatic mapping to image lymph nodes at risk for (micro)metastases in LACC and assessed the radiotherapy dose on the nodes at risk.

Methods
Patients with LACC were included between July 2020 and July 2022. Inclusion criteria were: ≥ 18 years old, intended curative chemoradiotherapy, investigation under anesthesia. Exclusion criteria were: pregnancy and extreme obesity. All patients underwent abdominal MRI, [18F]FDG-PET/CT and lymphatic mapping after administration of 6–8 depots of 99mTc]Tc-nanocolloid followed by planar and SPECT/CT images 2–4 and 24 h post-injection.

Results
Seventeen patients participated. In total, 40 nodes at risk were visualized on the lymphatic map in 13/17 patients with a median of two [range 0–7, IQR 0.5–3] nodes per patient, with unilateral drainage in 4/13 and bilateral drainage in 9/13 patients. No complications occurred. The lymphatic map showed more nodes compared to suspicious nodes on MRI or [18F]FDG-PET/CT in 8/14 patients. Sixteen patients were treated with radiotherapy with 34 visualized nodes on the lymphatic map. Of these nodes, 20/34 (58.8%) received suboptimal radiotherapy: 7/34 nodes did not receive radiotherapy at all, and 13/34 received external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), but no simultaneous integrated boost (SIB).

Conclusion
Lymphatic mapping is feasible in LACC. Almost 60% of nodes at risk received suboptimal treatment during chemoradiation. As treatment failure could be caused by (micro)metastasis in some of these nodes, including nodes at risk in the radiotherapy treatment volume could improve radiotherapy treatment outcome in LACC.
Trail registration The study was first registered at the International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (ICTRP) under number of NL9323 on 4 March 2021. Considering the source platform was not operational anymore, the study was retrospectively registered again on February 27, 2023 at CilicalTrials.gov under number of NCT05746156.
Dietary supplementation with xylooligosaccharides and exogenous enzyme improves milk production, energy utilization efficiency and reduces enteric methane emissions of Jersey cows
Authors: Dong Lifeng , Zhao Lei , Li Bowei , Gao Yanhua , Yan Tianhai , Lund Peter , Liu Zhuofan , Diao Qiyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Sustainable strategies for enteric methane (CH4) mitigation of dairy cows have been extensively explored to improve production performance and alleviate environmental pressure. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and exogenous enzyme (EXE) supplementation on milk production, nutrient digestibility, enteric CH4 emissions, energy utilization efficiency of lactating Jersey dairy cows. Forty-eight lactating cows were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments: (1) control diet (CON), (2) CON with 25 g/d XOS (XOS), (3) CON with 15 g/d EXE (EXE), and (4) CON with 25 g/d XOS and 15 g/d EXE (XOS + EXE). The 60-d experimental period consisted of a 14-d adaptation period and a 46-d sampling period. The enteric CO2 and CH4 emissions and O2 consumption were measured using two GreenFeed units, which were further used to determine the energy utilization efficiency of cows.

Results
Compared with CON, cows fed XOS, EXE or XOS + EXE significantly (P < 0.05) increased milk yield, true protein and fat concentration, and energy-corrected milk yield (ECM)/DM intake, which could be reflected by the significant improvement (P < 0.05) of dietary NDF and ADF digestibility. The results showed that dietary supplementation of XOS, EXE or XOS + EXE significantly (P < 0.05) reduced CH4 emission, CH4/milk yield, and CH4/ECM. Furthermore, cows fed XOS demonstrated highest (P < 0.05) metabolizable energy intake, milk energy output but lowest (P < 0.05) of CH4 energy output and CH4 energy output as a proportion of gross energy intake compared with the remaining treatments.

Conclusions
Dietary supplementary of XOS, EXE or combination of XOS and EXE contributed to the improvement of lactation performance, nutrient digestibility, and energy utilization efficiency, as well as reduction of enteric CH4 emissions of lactating Jersey cows. This promising mitigation method may need further research to validate its long-term effect and mode of action for dairy cows.