bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experiences of parents witnessing their child's resuscitation in hospital
Authors: Brunt Jessica , Alnababtah Kal 
Published: February 2023

Background: The purpose of this literature review is to explore parents' experiences of witnessing their child being resuscitated in hospital settings. Methods: An integrative literature review using the databases CINAHL, PubMed and PsycInfo to retrieve articles published between 2011 and 2021 on parent-witnessed resuscitation. Results: This review found strong evidence of the benefit of parents being present during their child's resuscitation, with three common themes emerging: need to be present, communication and seeing to believe. Parents and the healthcare team benefit from being present, and parents feel they have more positive experiences when they are allowed to choose their level of presence. Conclusion: The benefits of parental witnessed resuscitation are shown throughout the review, however, this may not always be adopted in practice. Hospital policies or resuscitation training do not cover parent-witnessed resuscitation, therefore implementation of mandatory hospital policy regarding this issue should be introduced to practice to create continuity of high-quality care.
Cytokines and regulatory T cells in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: Liao Hsien-Tzung , Tsai Chang-Youh 
Published: February 2023

AimsTo investigate the correlations among cytokines and regulatory T cells (T-regs) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients, and their changes after anti-tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) treatment.MethodsWe included 72 AS patients with detailed medical records, disease activity score (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index), functional index (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index), and laboratory data (interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-10, TNF-α, interferon (IFN)-γ, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, ESR, and CRP). Their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were marked with anti-CD4, anti-CD25, and anti-FoxP3 antibodies, and triple positive T cells were gated by flow cytometry as T-regs. Their correlations were calculated and the changes after anti-TNF-α therapy were compared.ResultsThe frequency of T-regs in PBMCs was positively correlated to ESR and CRP in AS (r = 0.35 and 0.43; p = 0.032 and 0.027, respectively), and there was also a significant correlation between serum level of TNF-α and CRP (p = 0.041). The frequency of T-regs in PBMCs positively correlated to serum levels of TNF-α, IL-10, and TGF-β, while IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ showed opposite results. After anti-TNF-α treatment, there were significantly lower serum levels of TNF-α, IL-10, TGF-β, and frequency of T-regs in PBMCs among these AS patients (p = 0.026, 0.032, 0.029, and 0.037, respectively).ConclusionIn AS patients, proinflammatory cytokine may give positive feedback to induce more T-reg production and anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion to suppress this inflammatory status, and they can be reversed by anti-TNF-α therapy. However, the detailed interactions among T-regs and complex cytokine networks in autoinflammatory diseases still need more studies and further functional assay.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(2):133–137.
Dynamic indoor free-space optical communication enabled by beam steering and beam shaping
Authors: Liverman Spencer , Trotter Cade W. , Bouchard Luc , Bialek Hayden , Nguyen Thinh , Natarajan Arun , Wang Alan X. 
Published: February 2023

Indoor free-space optical communication (FSO) provides orders of magnitude larger
usable bandwidth compared to radio-frequency links but suffers from an
intrinsic trade-off between areal coverage and received power. In this
paper, we report a dynamic indoor FSO system enabled by a
line-of-sight optical link featuring advanced beam control
capabilities. The optical link herein utilizes a passive target
acquisition scheme by combining a beam steering and beam shaping
transmitter with a receiver adorned with a ring-shaped retroreflector.
When controlled by an efficient beam scanning algorithm, the
transmitter is capable of locating the receiver with millimeter-scale
accuracy over a distance of 3 m with a full viewing angle of ±11.25∘ in the vertical direction and ±18.75∘ in the horizontal direction within 1.162±0.005s, regardless of the receiver’s
positions. We also demonstrate 1 Gbit/s data rate with bit
error rates below 4×10−7 using an 850 nm laser diode
with only 2 mW of output power.
Impact of an optimized surveillance protocol based on the European Association of Urology substratification on surveillance costs in patients with primary high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Fujita Naoki , Hatakeyama Shingo , Okita Kazutaka , Momota Masaki , Tobisawa Yuki , Yoneyama Tohru , Yamamoto Hayato , Ito Hiroyuki , Yoneyama Takahiro , Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Yoshikawa Kazuaki , Ohyama Chikara 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
The optimal frequency and duration of surveillance in patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remain unclear. The aim of the present study is to develop an optimal surveillance protocol based on the European Association of Urology (EAU) substratification in order to improve surveillance costs after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) in patients with primary high-risk NMIBC.

Materials and methods
We retrospectively evaluated 428 patients with primary high-risk NMIBC who underwent TURBT from November 1993 to April 2019. Patients were substratified into the highest-risk and high-risk without highest-risk groups based on the EAU guidelines. An optimized surveillance protocol that enhances cost-effectiveness was then developed using real incidences of recurrence after TURBT. A recurrence detection rate ([number of patients with recurrence / number of patients with surveillance] × 100) of ≥ 1% during a certain period indicated that routine surveillance was necessary in this period. The 10-year total surveillance cost was compared between the EAU guidelines-based protocol and the optimized surveillance protocol developed herein.

Results
Among the 428 patients with primary high-risk NMIBC, 97 (23%) were substratified into the highest-risk group. Patients in the highest-risk group had a significantly shorter recurrence-free survival than those in the high-risk without highest-risk group. The optimized surveillance protocol promoted a 40% reduction ($394,990) in the 10-year total surveillance cost compared to the EAU guidelines-based surveillance protocol.

Conclusion
The optimized surveillance protocol based on the EAU substratification could potentially reduce over investigation during follow-up and improve surveillance costs after TURBT in patients with primary high-risk NMIBC.
Tinea capitis among schoolchildren in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta analysis
Authors: Birhanu Molla Yigzaw , Temesgen Habtamu , ketema Daniel Bekele , Desta Melaku , Getaneh Temesgen , Bekele Getamesay Molla , Zeleke Balew , Jemberie Selamawit Shita 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundTinea capitis accounts for25 to 30% of all fungal infections, but it is often ignored because it is not life threatening in nature. It is more common among schoolchildren particularly in developing countries. Due to the presence of significant variability among the previous studies, this study was conducted to provide a pooled prevalence and associated factors of tinea capitis in Ethiopian schoolchildren.MethodWe conducted a systematic search in five major databases for articles similar to our topic. This review included school-based cross-sectional studies that were reported in English and conducted from 2006 through 2022. The data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and further analysis was done using StataTMVersion 17.0 statistical software. Forest plots were used to assess the presence of heterogeneity with 95% confidence intervals. A random effects meta- analysis model was used to pool primary estimates. To declare the presence or absence of association, 95% confidence interval with odds ratio was used.ResultsFourteen studies with a total of 9465 schoolchildren were included. The pooled prevalence was 29.03% (95%CI: 15.37–42.71). There was observed heterogeneity, which could be explained by publication bias (P = 0.04). Family history of tinea capitis (OR: 9.18, 95%CI: 3.5–24.02), under the age of 10 years (OR: 1.65, 95%CI: 1.17–2.33) were factors increasing the development of tinea capitis among schoolchildren and schoolchildren who had hair wash at least once a week (OR: 0.31, 95%CI: 0.24–0.42) was significantly associated with reduced risk for tinea capitis.ConclusionOne of the most prevalent childhood health condition in Ethiopia is tinea capitis, which affects over one in every four schoolchildren. Schoolchildren who had family history of tinea capitis and under the age of 10 years were the identified risk factors but they had hair wash at least once a week was the protective factor of tinea capitis among schoolchildren. Clinical and public engagement activities are needed to overcome the burden of the disease.
A novel assay for improved detection of sputum periostin in patients with asthma
Authors: Ono Junya , Takai Masayuki , Kamei Ayami , Ohta Shoichiro , Nair Parameswaran , Izuhara Kenji , Dahlén Sven-Erik , James Anna ,   on behalf of the BIOAIR consortium
Published: February 2023

Background
Serum periostin associates with type-2 inflammation in asthmatic airways, but also reflects whole body periostin levels originating from multiple sources. Less is known about sputum periostin as a biomarker in asthma as detection levels are low using currently available periostin assays. We aimed to investigate detection of sputum periostin using ELISA assays targeting different periostin epitopes and relate levels to clinical characteristics.

Methods
Two ELISA systems were developed using antibodies detecting whole periostin or cleavage products, the molecular weight and amino acid sequences of which were confirmed. The ELISA assays were applied to sputum from 80 patients with mild-to-moderate and severe asthma enrolled in the European, multi-center study BIOAIR. Results were related to clinical characteristics.

Results
Sputum was found to contain smaller periostin fragments, possibly due to proteolytic cleavage at a C-terminal site. Comparing ELISA methodology using antibodies against cleaved versus whole periostin revealed detectable levels in 90% versus 44% of sputum samples respectively. Sputum periostin showed associations with blood and sputum eosinophils. Furthermore, sputum, but not serum, periostin correlated with reduced lung function and sputum IL-13 and was reduced by oral corticosteroid treatment.

Conclusions
We present an ELISA method for improved analysis of sputum periostin by detecting cleavage products of the periostin protein. Using this assay, sputum periostin was detectable and associated with more disease-relevant parameters in asthma than serum periostin. Sputum periostin is worth considering as a phenotype-specific biomarker in asthma as its proximity to the airways may eliminate some of the confounding factors known to affect serum periostin.
A qualitative study of behavioral and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccine confidence and uptake among unvaccinated Americans in the US April-May 2021
Authors: Abad Neetu , Messinger Seth D. , Huang Qian , Hendrich Megan A. , Johanson Nataly , Fisun Helen , Lewis Zachary , Wilhelm Elisabeth , Baack Brittney , Bonner Kimberly E. , Kobau Rosemarie , Brewer Noel T. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Around one-third of Americans reported they were unwilling to get a COVID-19 vaccine in April 2021. This focus group study aimed to provide insights on the factors contributing to unvaccinated adults’ hesitancy or refusal to get vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccines.

Method
Ipsos recruited 59 unvaccinated US adults who were vaccine hesitant (i.e., conflicted about or opposed to receiving a COVID-19 vaccination) using the Ipsos KnowledgePanel. Trained facilitators led a total of 10 focus groups via video-conference in March and April 2021. Two coders manually coded the data from each group using a coding frame based on the focus group discussion guide. The coding team collaborated in analyzing the data for key themes.

Results
Data analysis of transcripts from the focus groups illuminated four main themes associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: lack of trust in experts and institutions; concern about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines; resistance towards prescriptive guidance and restrictions; and, despite personal reluctance or unwillingness to get vaccinated, acceptance of others getting vaccinated.

Discussion
Vaccine confidence communication strategies should address individual concerns, describe the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination, and highlight evolving science using factural and neutral presentations of information to foster trust.
Gastroscopy after positive screening for faecal immunochemical tests and colonoscopy: A systematic review
Authors: Choe Lina , Lau Jerrald , Yip Larry Teck-Seng , Kim Guowei , Tan Ker-Kan 
Published: February 2023

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening using the faecal immunochemical test (FIT) kits based on the detection of occult blood in stool is widely advocated in numerous screening programs worldwide. However, CRC is not commonly diagnosed in positive cases. We undertook this review to determine if there is evidence to suggest the use of opportunistic oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD) in patients without CRC.

Methods
A systematic review encompassing three electronic databases was performed. All peer-reviewed studies of FIT-positive patients who underwent either OGD and colonoscopy concurrently or OGD post-colonoscopy were included. Only studies from 2008 to 2022 using FIT kits were included to ensure studies not previously included in an earlier review were being analysed. A forward citation search of the included articles was also conducted to ensure no relevant articles were missed.

Results
A total of 2409 records were extracted. Only four studies fulfilled the selection criteria and were included. Although the rates of abnormal OGD results were relatively high in the four studies, only 3 of 605 (0.50%) patients had gastric cancer in the entire review sample. No other malignancies were identified in all four studies. Other notable pathologies such as gastric polyps and gastritis were also reported.

Conclusions
There is little overall evidence to recommend UGI screening for all FIT-positive patients following a colonoscopy. However, there may be a role for clinicians to consider opportunistic OGD in this group of patients. Future research should examine patient populations from other sociocultural contexts including cost-effective analysis when considering changes in health guidelines on UGI screening.
Relationship between ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography and ophthalmoscopy for detecting posterior inflammation in posterior uveitis and panuveitis
Authors: Misawa Norihiko , Tagami Mizuki , Sakai Atsushi , Haruna Yusuke , Honda Shigeru 
Published: February 2023

Purpose
To confirm the utility of ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography (W-OCT) for diagnosing uveitis.

Method
We retrospectively studied patients who had been diagnosed with uveitis and had undergone W-OCT. All patients had visited at Osaka Metropolitan University between January 2019 and January 2022. On W-OCT, vitreous opacity (“W-OCT VO”) and the presence of vitreous cells (“W-OCT Cells”) were identified by three specialists. We compared findings from ophthalmoscopy (“Ophthalmoscopic findings”) and fluorescein angiography (“FAG findings”) with those from W-OCT.

Results
This study investigated 132 eyes from 68 patients (34 males, 34 females; mean age, 53.97±22.71 years). Vitreous cells in posterior uveitis and panuveitis differed significantly between “W-OCT Cells” and “Ophthalmoscopic findings” for all cases (P = 0.00014). Vitreous opacities in posterior uveitis and panuveitis did not differ significantly between “W-OCT VO” and “Ophthalmoscopic findings” (P = 0.144) for all cases. Compared to “Ophthalmoscopic findings”, “W-OCT Cells” offered 51.1% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity for all cases (p<0.01). Compared to “Ophthalmoscopic findings”, “W-OCT VO” offered 78.6% sensitivity and 30% specificity for all cases (p = 0.19). In addition, “W-OCT Cells” did not differ significantly from “FAG findings” for all cases (P = 0.424).

Conclusion
W-OCT was shown to offer significantly greater sensitivity than ophthalmoscopy for detecting vitreous cells. The results of this study may add an option for the evaluation of uveitis.
ソマティック実践とダンスの小史：ソマティック・エデュケーションの歴史的展開とダンスとの関係1
Authors:   マーサ・エディ, Eddy Martha ,   翻訳：村越直子,   橋本有子,   翻訳編集者：ディエゴ・ピサロ, Murakoshi Naoko , Hashimoto Yuko 
Published: February 2023

本稿は、ソマティック・ムーヴメント実践の歴史的発展について、特にダンス、ダンサー、そしてダンス教育機関に関わる事柄を概説する。
はじめに、20世紀の転換期に「古典的な」ソマティック技法（アレクサンダーからトレガーまで）が登場する以前の歴史的な事件、文化的な潮流、個人的な出来事を記す。その上で、「ソマティック・ムーヴメント・エデュケーション・アンド・セラピー」を定義し、ソマティック実践者ら3世代にわたって成長してきたソマティック・ムーヴメント・プログラムについて説明する。
［本研究で得られた］インタビュー・データから明らかになったのは、第2世代の多くがダンサーであったこと、そしてダンス専門家たちの「ボディマインド思考」が「ダンス・ソマティクス」と同様に、ソマティック・ムーヴメントのトレーニングとソマティック・エデュケーションの発展を形成し続けていることである。
最後に、ダンスとソマティック・ムーヴメントの両方が西洋文化のなかで疎外されているという問題を提起する。そして両者の共通の特徴と推進力を組み合わせることを提言することによって、ダンスとソマティック・ムーヴメントの［学術的な］位置づけを変えることを試みる。本稿のもう一つの所見は、世界的な図式のなかの「ソマティック・ダンス」の勢力と立ち位置を評価したことである。
Una breve historia de las prácticas somáticas y la danza: desarrollo histórico del campo de la educación somática y su relación con la danza1
Authors: Eddy Martha , Barragan Traducción: Rosana 
Published: February 2023

Resumen
Este artículo describe el desarrollo histórico de las prácticas de movimiento somático, especialmente en relación con la danza, los bailarines y las organizaciones que trabajan en el campo de la educación de la danza. El artículo comienza con eventos históricos, tendencias culturales y sucesos individuales que llevaron al surgimiento de los métodos somáticos ‘clásicos’ a principios del siglo XX (desde Alexander hasta Trager). Luego define ‘la educación y la terapia del movimiento somático’ y el crecimiento de tres generaciones de programas de movimiento somático. La información obtenida a través de entrevistas revelan cómo una segunda generación incluyó una gran cantidad de bailarines y menciona cómo la idea ‘cuerpo-mente’ de los profesionales de la danza continúa moldeando la formación y el desarrollo de la educación somática, así como la ‘danza somática’. Finalmente, el artículo plantea preguntas sobre la marginalización de la danza y de la educación somática, y sugiere combinar fuerzas gracias a las características comunes de las dos prácticas para así examinar su lugar en la cultura occidental. Adicionalmente, se ofrece una evaluación de cómo está ubicada la ‘danza somática’ a nivel global.
Is Asking Questions Free of Charge? Questioning the Value of Independent Central Banks through the Lens of a European Credit Council
Authors: Thiemann Matthias 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This discussion of Eric Monnet's idea of a European Credit Council evaluates the likely consequences of such a new institution. Based on a critical examination of the notion of economic expertise, it warns that such a council might legitimate an untenable status quo, while bringing little positive benefits. Such a council could however exercise a subversive role if its counterexpertise were to expose the limits to central bank independence in the context of the climate crisis, thus undermining the current set-up. Yet to play such a role would require a degree of confrontation which is unlikely to emerge from the council's envisioned setup.
An outlier detection method with CNN for BeiDou MEO moderate-energy electron data
Authors: Chao Tian , Ruifei Cui , Riwei Zhang , Peikang Xu , Libo Chen , Jie Shang , Lin Quan , Yujun Wan , Sihui Hu , Fulu Yue , Xing Su 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
BeiDou Medium Earth Orbit moderate-energy electron detection data play an important role in space environment effect analysis including satellite anomaly diagnosis, satellite risk estimation, etc. However, the data contain outliers which cause obstacle for the subsequent usage significantly. To solve this problem, we propose an outlier detection method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) which can learn a rule from labeled historical data and detect outliers from the detection data. With this method, we can identify outliers and do some follow-up operations to improve the data quality. In comparison with general methods, this CNN method provides a more reliable and rapid way to build dataset for the follow-up work.
Soy isoflavone reduces LPS-induced acute lung injury via increasing aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 5 in rats
Authors: Wang Xiaobo , Zhang Yili , Zhou Xiuyun , Xia Xiumei , Teng Weijun , Sheng Lin , Ding Jing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) followed with severe inflammation and oxidative stress. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant are the properties of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and aquaporin 5 (AQP5). The goal of this study was to see if soy isoflavone can diminish lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI and the underling mechanism. LPS-induced ALI was given to Sprague–Dawley rats 14 days following oophorectomy. One hour before the LPS challenge, estradiol (1 mg/kg) was administered subcutaneously as positive control and soy isoflavone was intragastric administration for 14 days prior to LPS challenge with different doses. Six hours after LPS challenge, the pulmonary edema, pathophysiology, inflammation, and the oxidative stress in lung tissues of rats were discovered. We found that soy isoflavone can reduce pulmonary edema and the lung pathology in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 were decreased in rats treated with soy isoflavone. Meanwhile, soy isoflavone reduced pulmonary oxidative stress by decreasing malondialdehyde levels, while increasing superoxide dismutase levels in lung tissues in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanically, we found that the mRNA and protein level of AQP1 and AOP5 were increased in lung tissues of rats treated with soy isoflavone compared the LPS-treated rats. Thus, soy isoflavone alleviates LPS-induced ALI through inducing AQP1 and AQP5.
Interkultur durch Kultur: Das leitfadengestützte Tandem-Projekt
Authors: Han Ding , Triebiger Marleen , Wang Zhenghao 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Autoren gehen davon aus, dass eine Anleitung zum Tandemlernen mit kulturbezogenen Aufgaben, die die Lerner dazu motiviert, im Team jenseits des Klassenzimmers gemeinsam Aufgaben und Projekte zu bewältigen, der Sprachlernsituation im Tandem dienlich ist. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung an der University of International Business and Economics in Beijing mit 20 deutschen und 20 chinesischen Teilnehmern dargelegt, die in Beijing mit Hilfe eines Leitfadens im Tandem Deutsch bzw. Chinesisch gelernt haben. Der Leitfaden gibt jeweils in der Muttersprache der Teilnehmenden anleitende Hinweise zur Fremdsprachenvermittlung, zum Fremdsprachenlernen und speziell zum Lernen im Tandem. Der Kern des Leitfadens sind acht Lektionen mit kulturbezogenen Aufgaben, die ausgewogen chinesische wie auch deutsche Themen beinhalten. Die Auswertung der Untersuchung anhand von 26 Umfragen und 14 Interviews mit den Projekt-Teilnehmern zeigt, dass Lernerfahrung in Sprachpartnerschaften durch Anleitungen zum Lernen im Tandem und durch kulturbezogene Aufgaben in deutsch-chinesischen Tandems verbessert werden können. In dem Beitrag werden auch die Unzulänglichkeiten dieser Studie und potentielle Richtungen für die künftige Forschung diskutiert.