bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perspectives From Urban WIC-Eligible Caregivers to Improve Produce Access
Authors: Joshi Priyanka , Van Remortel Brittany J. , Cullen Danielle L. 
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES
The Farmer’s Market Nutrition Program (FMNP) provides fresh, locally grown fruits and vegetables (FV) to eligible participants in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). However, redemption of FMNP benefits remains low. This qualitative study explores facilitators and barriers to produce access and FMNP redemption for caregivers of WIC-eligible children in Philadelphia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS
We conducted semistructured phone interviews with caregivers between August and December 2020 to understand experiences with produce access and programming preferences to increase benefit redemption and produce consumption. We used content analysis with constant comparison with code interviews inductively and identified emerging themes through an iterative process.

RESULTS
Participants (n = 30) wanted their children to eat more produce but described barriers to produce access, including limited availability, higher cost, and limited time. The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and WIC benefits improved the ability to purchase produce, but difficulties with electronic benefit transfer and pandemic-related office closures limited use of WIC benefits. Similarly, lack of convenient market locations and hours prohibited use of FMNP benefits. Caregivers described that an ideal food program would be delivery based, low cost, offer a variety of FV, and provide recipes and educational activities.

CONCLUSIONS
WIC-eligible caregivers want their children to eat more produce; however, they face multiple barriers in redeeming their benefits to access fresh produce. Delivery-based, low-cost produce programs may lead to increased produce access as well as benefit use. Future study is needed on feasibility and acceptability of produce delivery options among WIC-eligible families.
Therapeutic Communication on Self Healing Therapy in Patients with Priority PTM
Authors: Andriani Astri Dwi 
Published: January 2023

This study aims to analyze the communication strategy of the agricultural insurance program in the South Kalimantan region to create superior and independent farmers. This communication strategy can contribute to existing development programs in the South Kalimantan region. This research used qualitative methods with SWOT and TOWS analysis techniques. Data collection techniques were open interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), and field observations (research locations and district level). The results of the study showed that agricultural insurance in the South Kalimantan region had obstacles that occurred in the field. Many farmers did not understand and were not interested in participating in this rice farming insurance. First, the analysis of the agricultural insurance communication strategy in the SWOT analysis in the South Kalimantan region was to increase the quality capacity of government human resources in the field by providing socialization technical training and involving opinion leaders, groups, and village governments in disseminating information. Second, the communication strategy in the TOWS analysis was to optimize the existing social capital in the community, form information centres at the village level, add variety and diversity in the methods of conveying information by extension workers and Jasindo officers and provide a variety of media sources of information, especially social media, and internet. The agricultural insurance communication strategy is essential to policymakers in implementing development programs.
Health benefits of co-supplementing mealworm protein hydrolysate and cranberry fruit extract
Authors: Park Jae Hong , Lee Sang In , Kwon Woo Sung , Cho Sungbo , Kim In Ho 
Published: January 2023

The demand for valuable protein sources is increasing. The mealworm has been highlighted as a good source of protein. Nevertheless, beneficial effects of mealworm such as the antioxidative and/or anti-inflammatory effects are rarely studied. It is well-known that cranberry fruit has a strong antioxidant effect. The biologically active compounds in mealworm and cranberry could boost the antioxidative and/or anti-inflammatory effects. The current study investigated the interactive effects of mealworm protein hydrolysate (MWPH) and cranberry fruit extract (CFE) in mammals. We evaluated growth performance, relative organ weight, immune responses, antioxidant enzyme activities, blood properties, and fecal microflora. A 2 × 2 factorial experimental design was used. The co-supplementation of MWPH and CFE improved serum glutathione peroxidase. MWPH affected a lower serum IL-1β and fecal Clostridium density. The co-supplementation appeared more effective in terms of good health and potentially the prevention of disease.
Risk factors for myocardial infarction during carotid endarterectomy in high-risk patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Vachev A. N. , Tereshina O. V. , Dmitriev O. V. , Belkin Yu. S. , Lebedev P. A. 
Published: January 2023

Aim. To determine the value of various risk factors for predicting the myocardial infarction (MI) during carotid endarterectomy in high-risk patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Material and methods. The single-center cohort prospective study included 204 high-risk patients with CAD who required carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Before surgery, all patients underwent treatment of CAD, and all patients were clinically stabilized. The first step was CEA. Clinical and diagnostic factors associated with the risk of perioperative MI were studied. There were following end points of the study: stroke, MI, death due to MI. The diagnosis of MI was established when there was a combination of an increase in cTn-I troponin above the 99th percentile upper reference limit with electrocardiographic manifestations of myocardial ischemia, or with chest pain or equivalent symptoms consistent with myocardial ischemia.Results. There were no strokes. There were no deaths due to MI. Perioperative MI developed in 8 (3,9%) patients. There were following most significant predictors of perioperative MI: severe impairment of local left ventricular (LV) contractility (hazard ratio (HR), 13,57; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1,427-124,782, p<0,05) and a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction <50% (HR, 10,909; 95% CI, 1,052-271,229, p<0,05). However, following factors were insignificant for predicting perioperative MI (p>0,05): SYNTAX score, prior cerebrovascular accident, myocardial infarction, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Conclusion. In high-risk patients with CAD, severe impairment of local LV contractility and global LV systolic dysfunction are the most significant risk factors for perioperative MI during CEA.
Patent activity in the field of decarbonization technologies
Authors: Sadriev A. R. , Kuzmin M. S. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: the aim of the research is to explore the global trends in the development of the inventive space in the field of decarbonization and to identify the degree of their compliance with the patterns of patent activity in the Russian economy.Methods: patent data for the period 2010–2022, aggregated by the search engines of Rospatent, the World Intellectual Property Organization, Google Patents, Espacenet and Questel Orbit, were used to conduct the research. The analysis of global inventive activity in the field of decarbonization was provided for Class Y02, subclass Y04S and group B09 of the Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC). The analysis of patenting pattern in the Russian economy was performed in accordance with the codes of the IPC Green Inventory. The relative technological advantages of Russia in the development of technologies to achieve carbon neutrality are analyzed on the basis of data from the RTA (Revealed Technology Advantage) index.Results: it was established that the high dynamics of global inventive activity in the field of decarbonization has not yet led to a multiple gap between patents and patent families, which indicates that a large volume of technological developments in the field of carbon neutrality are at relatively early stages of market maturity. It was determined that the leading positions of developers of relevant technological solutions are shifting from Japanese to Chinese and South Korean companies that are actively developing such advanced technological directions as energy storage and its production using alternative sources. Russian copyright holders demonstrate a relatively higher specialization in developments for nuclear power and railway transport systems, unlike foreign representatives. The decarbonization areas represented by domestic developments in the field of alternative energy production are characterized by significantly lower values of RTA index.Conclusions and Relevance: the space of inventive activity in the field of decarbonisation technologies forms the ability to identify and analyse a network of both explicit and non-obvious interrelations of these technologies with developments from other technological fields. This approach determines the possibility of purposeful design interdisciplinary cooperation chains between developers of indirectly correlated technological developments and manufacturers of the end products.
THE LEGAL STATUS AND LEGAL PROTECTION TOWARDS CLIMATE REFUGEES UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW: A STUDY OF IOANE TEITIOTA CASE
Authors: Fauziyah Najla Nur 
Published: January 2023

This study aims to examine the legal status of climate refugees in international law according to the Ioane Teitiota case and how international law in general protects climate refugees. This study is a normative legal research. The types of approach used are statute, case, and conceptual approaches. The legal materials of this study comprise of primary, secondary, and tertiery legal materials. In collecting data this study used the library research data collection technique. The analysis technique used is the inductive reasoning method. The results of this study reveal that the 1951 Refugee Convention is unable to accommodate climate refugees. However, UN Human Rights Committee in its reccomendation acknowledges the effects of climate change as one of the determining factor for the affected persons to seek asylum in other countries which triggers the enforcement of non-refoulement principle. The protection under international law towards climate refugees derive from state obligation to comply with the non-refoulement principle, ad hoc aids from other states influenced by Nansen Initiative’s Protection Agenda, and the tangible protections provided by UNHCR and its cooperation with local authorities.
Development and Field Test of Novel Expandable Surface Conductor in Deepwater Oil and Gas Wells
Authors: Zhang Minghe , Yang Jin , Wang Yuanming , Zhou Yisu , Yang Yuxiang , Fu Chao 
Published: January 2023

Summary
Jetting of surface conductor installation has become a popular method in the offshore oil and gas industry. However, wellhead sinking, tilting, and other instability problems still exist due to the insufficient bearing capacity of the conductor, resulting in substantial economic losses. Based on the traditional installation process, a novel expandable surface conductor technology is put forward, which can effectively increase the surface area of the conductor, change the bearing capacity mechanism between the conductor and the surrounding soil, strengthen the bearing capacity of the conductor, and reduce the risk of wellhead instability, which is an economical, safe, and efficient method. First, the delayed expansion material in water was evaluated and selected, and the volume change of expansion material with time under different temperatures and pressures was measured by laboratory experiment. The calculation model has been established for the ultimate bearing capacity of the expandable surface conductor considering the volume expansion effect, and experiments of field application have also been performed in the 1500-m water depth area. The application practice shows that the theoretical predictions are consistent with the actual situation. Using the novel expandable surface conductor, the surface area of the surface conductor can be increased by more than 15% and the bearing capacity can be increased by more than 20%. The expandable surface conductor can meet the requirements of field construction, reduce the setting depth and number of surface conductors, and can significantly increase the bearing capacity of subsea wellheads, thus providing technical support for increasing the efficiency of deepwater drilling while reducing costs.
Relationship of cognition and Alzheimer’s disease with gastrointestinal tract disorders: a large-scale genetic overlap and Mendelian randomisation analysis
Authors: Adewuyi Emmanuel O , O’Brien Eleanor K. , Porter Tenielle , Laws Simon M 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Emerging observational evidence suggests links between cognitive impairment and a range of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders; however, mechanisms underlying their relationships remain unclear. Leveraging several large-scale genome-wide association studies summary statistics, we comprehensively assessed genetic overlap and potential causality of cognitive traits and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) with GIT disorders.
Method
We assessed the global and local genetic correlation of ten cognitive traits (sample size [n] = 68,065–766,345) and AD (n = 455,258) with six GIT disorders (n = 332,601–456,327), using the linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and the Local Analysis of [co]Variant Association (LAVA) methods, respectively. We utilised the bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis method to investigate the potential causality between cognitive traits and GIT disorders. Also, we performed gene-based analyses and assessed the gene-level genetic overlap between cognitive traits and GIT disorders.
Results
LDSC reveals a strong and highly significant inverse global genetic correlation between all cognitive traits and GIT disorders—peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastritis-duodenitis, diverticulosis, irritable bowel syndrome, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but not inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). LAVA detects 35 significant (P < 4.37 × 10− 5) bivariate local genetic correlations, across 14 loci, between cognitive traits, AD and GIT disorders (including IBD). MR analysis suggests a risk-decreasing causality of educational attainment, intelligence, cognitive performance and other cognitive traits on PUD, and GERD but not IBD. Also, we found a putative causal association of GERD with cognitive function decline. These findings were supported by other MR models and sensitivity analyses. Genes with nominal association (Pgene < 0.05) were significantly enriched (Pbinomial−test = 1.18 × 10− 3 – 2.20 × 10− 16), across GIT disorders (IBD inclusive), AD, and cognitive traits—evidence of gene-level genetic overlap.
Conclusion
Our study reveals highly significant negative global and local genetic correlations of all cognitive traits with all GIT disorders, except IBD. Findings highlights causally protective roles of cognitive traits on PUD, and GERD, and a putative causal association of GERD with cognitive function decline. Identified local genetic correlations enhance novel insights, especially, into IBD’s relationship with cognitive traits and AD, characterising important targets for further investigations.
Comparison of systemic morphine, nalbuphine, and epidural analgesia on acute and chronic postoperative pain in laparoscopic colorectal surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jiang Yan , Liang Xiao-Long , Sun Shu-Fang , Liu Hong-Liang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Postoperative pain and complications are still common after colorectal surgery, and pain can put patients in a stressful condition and precipitate complications. Thus, sufficient postoperative analgesia is essential for patient recovery. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of various postoperative analgesic strategies in laparoscopic colorectal surgery，and to elucidate whether systemic nalbuphine is a good choice for laparoscopic colorectal surgery.
Patients and methods: One hundred patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery were recruited, and 69 patients were eventually included and randomly divided into three groups: patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with ropivacaine (Group R, n=23), patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with morphine (Group M, n=23) or nalbuphine (Group N, n=23). Pain at rest (PAR), movement-evoked pain (MEP), stress hormone and complications during the 72 hours after surgery, and chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) at 3 months and 6 months were recorded.
Results: There was no significant difference in PAR among the 3 groups, whereas patients in Group N had a higher intensity of MEP than those in Group R during the 72 hours after surgery (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in CPSP at 6 months among the 3 groups (P>0.05), but the incidence of CPSP at 3 months was higher in Group N (P=0.01, vs Group R), and CPSP at 3 months was closely correlated with MEP (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels among the 3 groups (P>0.05). The incidences of pruritus and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were found to be significantly higher in Group M than in the other two groups (P<0.05). The time to the first flatus after surgery was shorter in Group R than in Group M or Group N (P<0.05).
Conclusion: PCEA is the first choice for postoperative analgesia in laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Regarding the similar analgesic effect between morphine and nalbuphine, and the higher side effects from morphine, PCIA with nalbuphine might be a better choice in patients who have contraindications for PCEA or with a history of or a high risk for PONV or pruritus.
Trial registration: This study was registered at http://www.chictr.org.cn/usercenter.aspx (registration No: ChiCTR-INR-17011092) on 08/04/2017.
Circulating Mid-regional Proadrenomedullin is a predictor of mortality in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Na , Liu Lushan , He Wei , Shang Na , Li Junyu , Qin Zhou , Du Xiaoxia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Although there is increasing understanding of the changes in the laboratory parameters of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the correlation between circulating Mid-regional Proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of MR-proADM in patients with COVID-19.
Methods
The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, SinoMed and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched from 1 January 2020 to 20 March 2022 for relevant literature. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) was used to assess quality bias, STATA was employed to pool the effect size by a random effects model, and potential publication bias and sensitivity analyses were performed.
Results
14 studies comprising 1822 patients with COVID-19 met the inclusion criteria, there were 1145 males and 677 females, and the mean age was 64.8 years. The concentration of MR- proADM was compared between the survivors and nonsurvivors in 9 studies and the difference was significant (P < 0.01), I2 = 46%. The combined sensitivity was 0.88 [0.81–0.93], and the combined specificity was 0.77 [0.65–0.86]. We drew the SROC curve and calculated the AUC = 0.90 [0.87–0.93]. An increase of 1 nmol/L of MR-proADM was independently associated with a more than threefold increase in mortality (odds ratio 3.03, 95% confidence interval 2.26–4.06, I2 = 0.0%, P = 0.633). The predictive value of MR-proADM for death was better than many other biomarkers.
Conclusion
MR- proADM had a very good predictive value for the poor prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Increased levels of MR-proADM were independently associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients and may allow a better risk stratification.
ENSO-driven abrupt phase shift in North Atlantic Oscillation in early January
Authors: Kug Jong-Seong , Geng Xin , Zhao Jiuwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) teleconnections exhibit a strong dependency on seasonally and intraseasonally varying mean states, which leads to impactful short-term variations in regional climate. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO)-ENSO relation is a typical example, in that its phase relationship reverses systematically between the early and late winter. Here based on observations and an ensemble of atmosphere-only climate model simulations, we first reveal that this NAO phase reversal occurs synchronously in early January, which indicates strong abruptness. We demonstrate that this abrupt NAO phase reversal is caused by the change in ENSO-induced Rossby wave-propagating direction from northeastward to southeastward over the northeastern North American region, which is largely governed by a climatological alteration of the local jet meridional shear. We also provide evidence that the North Atlantic intrinsic eddy–low-frequency flow feedback further facilitates and amplifies the NAO responses. This abrupt NAO phase reversal signal is strong enough during the ENSO winter to be useful for intraseasonal climate forecasting in the Euro-Atlantic region.
Refining the role of nitrogen mineralization in mycorrhizal nutrient syndromes
Authors: Seyfried Georgia , Midgley Meghan G. , Phillips Richard P. , Yang Wendy H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Forest stands dominated by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associated trees often have more closed nitrogen (N) cycling than stands dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associated trees, with slower N mineralization in ECM stands thought to suppress inorganic N cycling and N loss. However, most estimates of N mineralization come from measurements of net processes, which can lead to an incomplete view of ecosystem N retention and loss. Here, we measured gross N production and assimilation rates, net N flux rates, and potential N flux rates to test the following hypotheses: (1) net N mineralization rates mask patterns in gross N cycling; (2) ammonium supply does not limit nitrification in ECM soils; (3) N cycling processes downstream of nitrification are limited by nitrate availability. We observed greater gross N mineralization and microbial ammonium assimilation in ECM stands compared to AM stands, suggesting that increased microbial N demand drove lower net N mineralization rates in ECM stands. We found no effect of N addition on nitrification in ECM stands, suggesting that ammonium supply does not limit nitrification. Finally, potential denitrification rates and denitrification-derived nitrous oxide fluxes were lower in ECM stands compared to AM stands with no effect of N addition, suggesting that denitrification is controlled by the endogenous supply of nitrate from nitrification, not exogenous nitrate inputs. Overall, we conclude that acidic soil conditions in ECM stands suppress nitrification to create closed N cycling such that increasing AM dominance may lead to greater ecosystem N losses only when those shifts increase soil pH.