bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the generalized Snell–Descartes laws, shock waves, water wakes, and Cherenkov radiation
Authors: Genevet Patrice , Wright Nate , Johnson Jayden , Jana Aloke , Marinov Emil , Abou-Hamdan Loubnan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The modification of light’s trajectory after refracting through a boundary separating two media is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature. The laws governing such refraction/reflection, known today as the Snell–Descartes laws of reflection and refraction, were established over four centuries ago and have since become foundational to the field of classical optics. Presently, with the advent of nano-photonic technology, a generalized version of these laws has been developed and implemented, vastly broadening the breadth of light manipulation methods. Despite their popularity, however, a simple and accessible derivation of the Snell–Descartes laws is still lacking, and their generalization is still largely missing from the physics curricula. Here, we use simple analogies between light’s refraction and reflection and other a priori unrelated radiating wave systems, namely, shock waves, water wakes, and Cherenkov radiation to derive both the classical and generalized Snell–Descartes laws, relying solely on simple and intuitive arguments. The basis of the derivation considers the excitation of a surface perturbation, induced by light incident at an angle on a boundary, that propagates at a velocity exceeding the phase velocity of light in the medium. The perturbation thereafter acts as a radiative source that reflects and refracts light away from the interface, at angles satisfying the classical Huygens interference condition. These derivations are meant to be accessible to a broad range of readers, including students of all levels, middle/high school teachers, and beyond.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ СОЗДАНИЯ ЛЕСНЫХ КУЛЬТУР СОСНЫ ОБЫКНОВЕННОЙ НА ДРАЖНЫХ ОТВАЛАХ
Authors: ПЕТРОВ А.И. , ЗАЛЕСОВ С.В. , КОТОВА В.С. 
Published: January 2025

Для добычи драгоценных металлов на Урале из лесного фонда изъяты значительные площади земель. После завершения разработки россыпных месторождений указанные земли требуют проведения рекультивационных работ. Низкое содержание в почвогрунтах, сформировавшихся в процессе добычи драгоценных металлов (золото, платина, серебро), элементов минерального питания и азота исключает сельскохозяйственное направление рекультивации без внесения значительных доз органических и минеральных удобрений. В то же время эффективно лесохозяйственное направление рекультивации созданием лесных культур сосны обыкновенной ( Pinus sylvestris L.). Установлено, что посев этих культур обусловливает их перевод в покрытые лесной растительностью земли при густоте подроста от 3.9 до 6.4 тыс. шт./га. Доля списанных (погибших) культур при этом составляет 10.9 % от созданных данным способом. При механизированной посадке 2-3-летних сеянцев сосны обыкновенной доля списанных культур составляет 4.3 %, а при ручной списания не зафиксировано. По причине мозаичности почвогрунтов перевод созданных лесных культур в покрытые лесной растительностью земли варьируется от 4 до 11 лет. Сохранность лесных культур можно увеличить использованием семян I класса качества местного происхождения, поскольку погибшие лесные культуры были созданы преимущественно семенами II класса качества.
Significant areas of land has been withdrawn from the forest fund for the extraction of precious metals in the Urals. After the completion of the development of alluvial deposits, these lands require reclamation work. Low content in soils formed during the extraction of precious metals (gold, platinum, silver) of mineral nutrition elements and nitrogen excluder the agricultural direction of reclamation without the introduction of significant dozes of organic and mineral fertilizers. At the same time, the forestry direction of reclamation is effective by creating Scots pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) forest crops. It has been established that the creation of forest crops by sowing causes their transfer to lands covered with forest vegetation’s with a density of 3.9 to 6.4 thousand pieces per ha of pine undergrowth. The proportion of decommissioned dead forest crops is 10.9 % of those created by this method. When creating forest crops by mechanized planting of 2-3 year old seedlings of Scots pine, the share of decommissioned forest crops is 4.3 % and in manually planting of the same age seedlings decommission of forest crops was not recorded. Due to the mosaic nature of soils, the transfer of established forest crops covered with forest vegetation of the ground varies from 4 to 11 years. An increase in the preservation of forest crops can ensured by the use first class quality seeds of local origin, since the dead forest crops were created mainly by seeds of the second quality class.
Effectiveness of an intervention on the family’s need for information in intensive care units
Authors: Guáqueta-Parada Sandra Rocio , Triana-Restrepo Martha Cecilia , Motta-Robayo Claudia Lorena , Henao-Castaño Ángela María , Ávila Myriam Lucía 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To establish the effectiveness of a nursing intervention aimed at improving the satisfaction of the information needs of patients’ family in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU).
Materials and method: A prospective experimental study with a randomized intervention was conducted. The sample was recruited from an ICU in Bogotá, Colombia. The study population consisted of relatives of patients admitted to the ICU. The intervention’s outcomewas evaluated using the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory and the Critical Care Family Satisfaction Survey. The sample size was 66families. Randomization was performed using random numbers in permuted blocks, resulting in 33 families in the control group and 33 in the intervention group.
Results: A significant difference was found in communication and support. In the proximity dimension, there was statistical significance in talking to the same nurse daily (p = 0.009). In the dimensions of safety and comfort, there was no statistical significance. The overall satisfaction was favorable, with the intervention group showing amuch greater magnitude of change (p < 0.001***) compared to the control group (p < 0.01**).
Conclusion: Developing a structured intervention using information strategies such as face-to-face meetings, information leaflets, and a notebook to record concerns allows satisfying the need forinformation of patients’ families while maintaining the quality of care, family well-being, and coping capacity.
(Re)construção do habitus do ser adolescente no uso do cigarro eletrônico
Authors: Da Silva Jaine Souto , Da Costa Lara Évilly Leandro , de Holanda David Adley Macêdo , Pereira Francisca Brigyda Alves , Soares Kaio César Barros , Fernandes Marcelo Costa , Temoteo Rayrla Cristina de Abreu 
Published: January 2025

Objetivo: refletir sobre a utilização do cigarro eletrônico entre os adolescentes e sobre a naturalização do seu uso de acordo com o conceito nuclear de habitus de Pierre Bourdieu.
Síntese de conteúdo: estudo teórico-reflexivo, estruturado a partir de artigos científicos que evidenciam a teoria bourdieusiana, a partir da qual é possível refletir sobre a incorporação de hábitos entre os adolescentes, sobretudo o tabagismo, e sobre a naturalização desses comportamentos em sociedade.
Conclusão: a análise do uso do cigarro eletrônico em adolescentes por meio da lente de Bourdieu revela, a partir do habitus, que as disposições internalizadas pelos indivíduos são moldadas por suas experiências sociais, influenciadas por interações e contextos, ao invés de mera escolha individual. Essa compreensão pode ser crucial para o desenvolvimento de intervenções que abordem o uso docigarro eletrônico em adolescentes, considerando a complexidade das relações sociais envolvidas.
Demystifying aggression in response to smoking bans in psychiatry
Authors: Oliveira Renata Marques de , Santos Jair Lício Ferreira , A Furegato Antonia Regina Ferreira 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To investigate the aggressive behaviors of patients in a psychiatric hospital adhering to the anti-smoking law and to identify their associated factors.
Materials and method: This cross-sectional epidemiological study analyzed the medical records of 573 discharged patients from a Brazilian psychiatric hospital. The response variables included verbal aggression, physical aggression, physical restraint, and mechanical restraint. Multiple Poisson regression models were applied for analysis.
Results: Approximately 48% of the patients were smokers. Aggression was found to be 121% higher among younger patients (aged 19-35), 73% higher among those with longer hospital stays, 55% higher among individuals hospitalized involuntarily, and 89% higher among those prescribed five or more psychotropic drugs, independent of other variables. Additionally, individuals hospitalized after the implementation of the smoking ban exhibited 55% fewer aggressive behaviors compared to those hospitalized prior to the ban.
Conclusions: The study revealed that the associations between smoking and aggression, as well as the duration of hospitalization relative to the smoking ban, were influenced by personal and clinical variables. Cultural beliefs about the perceived benefits of smoking may be perpetuated among individuals with mental disorders, while older nursing professionals might influence younger colleagues’perspectives on permitting smoking in mental health settings as a means of mitigating aggression. Breaking this cycle of misinformation requires generating new knowledge and insights, which represents a significant contribution of this study.
Influences antiques sur le ‘rêve-programme’ dans la littérature narrative des XIIe–XIIIe siècles
Authors: Németh Linda 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe aim of our study is to explain and define the ‘dream-program’ in its relation to the premonitory dream, based on the definitions introduced by Herman Braet. Although the ‘dream-program’ has drawn on a variety of traditions, our study focuses on the effects of dream material borrowed from Antiquity. In our paper we attempt to explain meaningful dreams through ancient classification systems and their literary manifestations in the French medieval literature. As the ‘dream-program’ is more common in twelfth-century narrative literature, our textual examples dating mainly from this period allow us to define sub-categories according to dream scenarios, thus broadening our reflections on the concept. Our ambition is to (re)explore this type of dream, which essentially claims a literary status and a cultural dimension.
A Conceptual Framework for National Dialogues: Applied Theories and Concepts
Authors: Mandikwaza Edknowledge 
Published: January 2025

National dialogues are recognised as vital tools for resolving political conflicts, fostering state- and nation-building, enhancing social cohesion, and facilitating peaceful socio-economic and political transformation. Despite a growing body of literature examining national dialogues and their outcomes, there remains a gap in understanding their theoretical underpinnings and conceptualisations. This article addresses this gap by conducting a discursive analysis offering an alternative theoretical framework for national dialogues, drawing on three theories: social contract, consociationalism, and conflict transformation. Using secondary data from scholarly journals, reports, political agreements, and documented policies and strategies, this article assesses the theories’ applicability in developing a conceptual framework for national dialogues. An analysis of each theory demonstrates that, while they approach peacebuilding from different angles, they share unique and common themes such as participatory governance, addressing root causes, and building trust and cooperation, which are essential in designing and implementing successful national dialogues. Leveraging the unique elements of each theory, the observed insights provide a more comprehensive approach to planning and implementing national dialogues, even in diverse socio-economic and political contexts. This is pertinent to scholars in the field of peace studies, governments, political entities, civil society organisations, and international stakeholders engaged in national dialogue processes.
PUBERTAD PRECOZ: RECOMENDACIONES DE LA SOCIEDAD LATINOAMERICANA DE ENDOCRINOLOGÍA PEDIÁTRICA PARA LA PRÁCTICA CLÍNICA
Authors: Calzada León Raúl , Freire Analía , Mericq Verónica , Bonilla Suarez Cecilia , Angulo Barranca M. Julissa , Arcari Andrea , Alves Alvares Matheus , Aramburú Miranda Nataly , Bazan María Cristina , Bergadá Ignacio , Bindels Ruth , Bonilla Medina Paola Sophia , Calderón Vargas María Elena , Chahin Ferreyra Silvia Cristina , Del Águila Villar Carlos , Del Águila Villar Carlos , Espinoza Oscar , Finozzi Rosa , Kopacek Cristiane , Lozano Gaudi , Medina Pilar , Morín Analía , Paredes Carlos Augusto , Pinto Ibarcena Paola , Rivero Escalante Héctor Raúl , Rey Rodolfo , Rodríguez Azrak Sol , Ruiz Reyes María de la Luz , Scarone Susana , Suco Sofia , Vázquez Alvarado José Ángel , Villegas Natalia , Gryngarten Mirta 
Published: January 2025

El desarrollo sexual precoz es la aparición de signos puberales antes de los 8 años en niñas o 9 años en niños y se clasifica en variantes incompletas o completas. El objetivo de esta revisión es ayudar al médico pediatra para una orientación en su reconocimiento.
La Pubertad Precoz Central dependiente de gonadotrofinas es causada por la reactivación prematura del eje hipotálamo-hipófisis-gonadal. Su reconocimiento temprano permite evitar las consecuencias del cuadro con la instalación oportuna de tratamiento. Para su detección se recomienda a los pediatras incluir en los controles de salud la evaluación del desarrollo puberal según los estadios de Tanner y evaluar el crecimiento en la gráfica talla/edad según referencias nacionales o estándares. Ante la sospecha clínica la evaluación podrá incluir edad ósea y ecografía ginecológica en las niñas. El Endocrinólogo Pediatra completará la evaluación según los estudios hormonales que considere necesario para el diagnóstico diferencial. Luego del diagnóstico según el cuadro se recomendará seguimiento o terapéutica específica.

Palabras clave: Desarrollo sexual precoz, Telarquía precoz, pubarquía precoz, Pubertad precoz central, pubertad precoz periférica.
Representasi Guru dalam Pemberitaan Kasus Kekerasan Seksual di Media Kompas dan Tempo: Analisis Wacana Kritis
Authors: Arlin  , Mahmudah  , Usman  
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the representation of teachers in the coverage of sexual violence cases in Kompas and Tempo media. The approach used is Critical Discourse Analysis Social Actor Approach from Theo van Leeuwen. Data and data sources are words, phrases, sentences, and paragraphs in sexual violence news related to teachers and other social actors in Kompas and Tempo media. Data collection techniques are identification, classification, and analysis. The results of this study indicate that there is a form of exclusion found in the news in Kompas media in the form of passivation that eliminates certain social actors so as to direct readers to focus on the teacher's social actors. The form of inclusion found in Kompas media is in the form of differentiation, association, categorization, identification, and association which aims to show partiality to victims, and clarify the identity of the perpetrator, and represent sexual violence as a system problem, not a single problem. The forms of inclusion found in Tempo media are abstraction, determination and categorization which show partiality to victims as well as a form of media criticism of teachers and the government in order to create a safe educational environment.
The Dead
Authors: Pavlakis George 
Published: January 2025

George N. Pavlakis, MD, PhD, has published (in Greek) a collection of poems as well as memoirs from the years of students’ resistance against the Greek military dictatorship (1967-1974). The poem “The Dead” is part of the published collection (Fairy Tales of the Past) and suggests Odyssey’s Nekyia, by Homer, where Odysseus goes to the underworld to meet Prophet Teiresias. Following instructions, Odysseus sacrifices an animal and is surrounded by many blood-thirsty ghosts, including his mother’s.
English translation by the author.
For the Greek Version, see George Pavlakis, “Fairy Tales of the Past” (Γιώργος Παυλάκης, “Περασμενα Παραμυθια”), Kastaniotis Publications S.A., Athens 2023. www.kastaniotis.com
Utilization of Banana as a Raw Material for Cracker Manufacturing
Authors: Madu Konstantinus , Mush Wahyu , Rahmawati Atina 
Published: January 2025

Banana fronds have a porous, hollow and fibrous character so their density value is large. Apart from that, banana stems contain more than 50% cellulose. People generally don't pay much attention to banana stems, especially after the tree bears fruit. Therefore, this research attempts to make crackers using Kepok banana leaves as raw material. Hopefully that this research will produce crackers made from banana stems. This research aims to determine the effect of adding banana gedebog, wheat flour on crackers' physical, chemical, and organoleptic quality and the business feasibility analysis of making crackers with the best treatment results. This research aims to determine the effect of adding banana gedebog, and wheat flour on crackers' physical, chemical, and organoleptic quality and the business feasibility analysis of making crackers with the best treatment results. The design used in this research was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 5 treatment combinations whose formulations were: F1 = 70% gedebog banana + 20% wheat flour; F2 = 60% banana banana + 30% wheat flour; F3 = 50% banana gebog + 40% wheat flour; F4 = 40% banana gebog + 50% wheat flour, and; F5 = 30% banana gebog + 60% wheat flour, then each treatment was repeated 3 (three) times to obtain 15 samples. The results showed that the best treatment was found in F2 (60% gedebog flour; 30% wheat flour and 10% tapioca flour with chemical content in the form of: 4.25% moisture content; 15.59% crude fiber; 1.12% organoleptic test; taste preference 3.67 (very like); aroma 3.57 (like), and; color 3.55 (like). Based on the feasibility analysis, manufacturing banana stem crackers based on the best treatment is feasible.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP DAN PERILAKU DOKTER DAN PERAWAT TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN MASA PANDEMIK COVID-19 DI RSI BANJARNEGARA
Authors: Nitiprodjo Abdul Hakim , Kusumawinakhyu Titik , Septianawati Paramita , Ujianto Agus 
Published: January 2025

Masa pandemik Covid-19 dan adaptasi kebiasaan baru menuntut tenaga medis melakukan pelayanan yang mengutamakan keselamatan pasien dan diri sendiri, namun tetap melakukan tindakan yang menjaga keamanan untuk mengurangi penyebaran virus Covid-19. Pengetahuan akan aturan layanan di masa pandemik serta sikap dan perilaku dokter dan perawat untuk melakukan inovasi pelayanan tetap harus berdasarkan mutu layanan dan standar operasional prosedur. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisa hubungan antara pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku dokter dan perawat terhadap kualitas pelayanan di masa pandemik Covid-19. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah tenaga kesehatan yang meliputi dokter dan perawat yang bekerja di RSI Banjarnegara. Data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Spearman. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dari uji analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku dokter dan perawat terhadap kualitas pelayanan di masa pandemik Covid-19.
Kata kunci: kualitas pelayanan, masa pandemik Covid-19, pengetahuan, perilaku, sikap
KARAKTERISTIK KONDISI KESEHATAN PADA PASIEN KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG: TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIS
Authors: Gizela Beta Ahlam , Puspitasari Kintan 
Published: January 2025

Background: Human trafficking is a crime that degrades human dignity, involving hundreds or even thousands of victims per year both on a global and local scale. In the human trafficking, various types of violence often occur. It is important to identify that the patient is a victim of human trafficking when a doctor encounter a patient due to sexual violence. Doctor must pay more attention to collect evidence through anamnesis, physical examination, and advance examination. Thus, the next strategy to help victims of human trafficking can be carried out.

Aim: To identify the characteristics of physical, mental, and sexual health conditions in patients victims of TPPO as well as medical measures taken.

Method: This is a systematic literature review of the literature obtained from four databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Sage Journal, and Semantic Scholar. A literature search using the SPIDER method is initial screening and screening before downloading. Selected literatures then put for further selection with criteria of inclusion and exclusion to obtain eligible literature. The next step is ecstraction by conducting a critical review using a checklist according to the design of literature research.

Result: Five literatures are eligibile with 2 literature conduct medical examinations, 4 literature discussing physical health issues, 3 literature discussing reproductive health issues, and 4 literature discussing mental health issues. Some of the literatures show the most common physical health problems are tired, memory impairment, and headaches or dizziness. Sexual health problems are sexually transmitted infections, urination pain in women and the risk of pregnancy. Mental health problems are PTSD, anxiety, and depression, desire and even suicide attempts, substance or alcohol use.

Conclusion: Victims of human trafficking (men, women, and children) experience physical, sexual, and mental health problems.
Peningkatan Pengetahuan Lansia dalam Mengenali dan Mencegah Penyakit Jantung Koroner Melalui Penyuluhan di Desa Purwosari
Authors: Wisesa Sindhu , Sari Octavia Permata , Afifah Afifah , Setiawati Setiawati , Silva Ghea De 
Published: January 2025

Penyakit jantung koroner (PJK) masih menjadi penyebab utama kematian dan beban kesehatan di Indonesia. Faktor risiko PJK akan meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya usia, sehingga lansia merupakan populasi yang rentan terhadap PJK. Peningkatan pengetahuan dalam mengenali dan mencegah PJK diperlukan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan produktivitas pada lansia. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai PJK dengan memberikan edukasi pada lansia dalam cakupan Posyandu lansia di Desa Purwosari, Kecamatan Baturraden, Kabupaten Banyumas. Pretest dan Posttest dilakukan untuk menilai peningkatan pengetahuan pada peserta. Kegiatan dilakukan di Balai Desa Purwosari oleh dosen Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Jenderal Soedirman dengan melibatkan kader Posyandu Lansia. Sebanyak 47 lansia mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan. Hasil evaluasi menggunakan uji t berpasangan menunjukkan peningkatan rerata nilai posttest peserta secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan nilai pretest (p = 0,008). Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan PkM berupa penyuluhan kesehatan meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta dalam mengenali dan mencegah PJK pada lansia.