bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bridging Computational Stratigraphy and Reservoir Simulation for Geologically Realistic High-Resolution Reservoir Modeling
Authors: Li Boxiao , Li Lewis , Wen Xian-Huan , Sun Tao 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Computational stratigraphy (CompStrat) is a state-of-the-art Earth-modeling method that captures the key heterogeneities in subsurface reservoirs through modeling of the detailed flow and sediment transportation processes in various depositional environments. The method is fully based on physics and generates high-resolution 3D Earth models that are much more geologically realistic than those generated by traditional Earth-modeling methods. It can accurately predict and preserve those spatially continuous but vertically thin and volumetrically insignificant layers, such as shale layers, thus enabling a much more accurate representation of natural reservoir connectivity.
In the past few years, CompStrat has been studied mainly within the Earth science community and has not been broadly applied yet in reservoir simulation research and practices. Our objective is to bridge this gap and allow this frontier technology to offer geologically realistic Earth models for reservoir simulation to better understand how various geological features contribute and control subsurface flow patterns and performance, subsequently leading to better integration among Earth modeling, flow simulation, and more reliable reservoir performance predictions.
CompStrat models often have large numbers of cells (hundreds of millions or more). A large proportion of them are related to thin shale layers. These thin cells can often cause convergence difficulties in reservoir simulations. We developed a grid coarsening method to dramatically reduce the cell number and the simulation time with minimal alteration of the overall model connectivity characteristics. The method reduces the cell number by 85% (to 93%) and the simulation time by 94% (to 99%) with limited loss of accuracy for representative examples. Without this method, the simulation may take impractically long time to run for large models with complex multiphase flow dynamics.
The successful removal of the computational bottleneck enables the application of this frontier Earth-modeling method in high-fidelity reservoir simulation. It also facilitates a detailed understanding of the connection between geology and flow to offer valuable insight for reservoir modeling, production forecast uncertainty analysis, and history matching. We developed a method to label, evaluate, and rank geological features based on their influence on flow performance, with shale layers being the specific focus. The labeling is performed semiautomatically, and the evaluation and ranking are done efficiently with a reduced-physics solver. The result is statistically consistent across multiple realizations.
The fluvial-deltaic CompStrat sector model on which our grid coarsening and shale analysis methods were tested is shared in the Supplementary Materials.
Fixed Choke Constant Outflow Circulation Method for Riser Gas Handling: Full-Scale Tests in Water- and Synthetic-Based Mud with Gauges and Distributed Fiber-Optic Sensors
Authors: Kunju Mahendra , Adeyemi Temitayo , Sharma Jyotsna , Almeida Mauricio 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Conventional methods of managing gas-in-riser events are not optimal when the drilling riser is isolated from the formation by a closed subsea blowout preventer (BOP) on rigs equipped with mud gas separator (MGS), managed pressure drilling (MPD), or riser gas-handling equipment. The industry is concerned about exceeding the pressure limit of the riser and the flow capacity of the MGS and hence has not been able to reach a consensus on a circulation method for riser gas. This work is an analysis of the first-ever demonstration of the fixed-choke constant-outflow (FCCO) circulation method in synthetic-based mud (SBM) carried out in June 2022. The first-ever demonstration of the FCCO circulation method in water was performed in March 2021. The results from the water tests were discussed in IADC Gas-in-Riser/Riser Gas-Handling Subcommittee meetings, and the new fixed-choke method was named FCCO in November of 2021. The reason for using the acronym FCCO for the new method is that it allows the use of a fixed-choke opening percentage throughout the circulation period by managing the outflow and backpressure by varying only the pump rate. This work includes the comparison of the actual test results from the March 2021 FCCO tests in water with results estimated using a new model. This is followed by a discussion of the results from the June 2022 FCCO test in SBM.
Nitrogen gas was injected into the bottom of an annulus 5,200-ft deep, vertical test well (9 5/8×2 7/8 in. casing/tubing) initially filled with water and instrumented with four downhole pressue and temperature gauges, and distributed fiber-optic sensors [distributed temperature sensing (DTS) and distributed acoustic sensing (DAS)] for water tests, and later filled with SBM. We started direct circulation to produce flow out of the annulus through a choke kept at a fixed open position (%) required for a preplanned applied surface backpressure (ASBP). We reduced pump rate if/as necessary to maintain this ASBP to ensure outflow rate within MGS flow capacity. We performed tests at different fixed-choke positions, different average ASBPs, and initial pump rates. We tested constant bottomhole pressure (CBHP) circulation and fixed pump rate methods also for comparison with the FCCO circulation method.
The results from the FCCO tests demonstrated better control of outflow compared with the other methods. There is no need to use high ASBP. The use of a high ASBP suppressed the value of peak pressure. Installation of more than one gauge inside the riser enhances safety by allowing real-time influx detection capability, estimation of gas position, gas velocity, and gas void fraction. The FCCO method can be preplanned and easily substituted as the preferred circulation method for staying within the handling capacity of the existing MGS on the rig during gas-in-riser situations.
Experimental Evaluation of Kinetic Behavior of Asphaltene Particles: Effect of Temperature, Shear Stress, and Inhibitors
Authors: Hosseini-Moghadam Seyed Mohammad-Amin , Bahrami Masoud , Torkaman Mohammad , Mohammadi Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Asphaltene deposits under a variety of temperatures and shear stresses in reservoirs, wells, and crude oil transmission pipelines, and it is currently one of the most serious problems in the oil industry. The size of asphaltene particles strongly affects the deposition rate. The particle size is mainly determined by aggregation rate that depends on shear rate and temperature. Therefore, different shear rates of 127 s–1 and 254 s−1 were applied within Couette flow at 25°C, 45°C, and 65°C, and the particle size was analyzed by using an optical microscope. Crude oil viscosity and asphaltene solubility were determined using a capillary tube viscometer and IP143 procedure, respectively. In this work, the effects of four additives, namely, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), nonyl phenol (NP), salicylic acid (SA), and benzoic acid (BA), were studied on the aggregation of asphaltene particles in a light crude oil. The additives were chosen based on their functional groups. Moreover, asphaltene functional groups were determined using a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyzer to better understand the behavior of inhibitors in preventing the aggregation of asphaltene particles at different conditions. DBSA, BA, and SA were inhibitors, and NP behaved as a promoter. According to the results, the presence of acidic groups, SO3H in DBSA and COOH in SA and BA, increases the interaction of inhibitor with asphaltene and so reduces the aggregation of asphaltene particles. The stronger acidic group of DBSA improved its performance compared to other inhibitors. Both increasing temperature and increasing shear stress resulted in higher collisions of asphaltene particles and thus lowered the efficiency of inhibitors at a constant concentration.
Characterizing the Sensitivity of Dielectric Response in Reservoirs with Varying Lithology and Fluid Saturation
Authors: Morte Matthew Kyle , Hascakir Berna 
Published: August 2023

Summary
This research delivers a comprehensive analysis of complex permittivity’s sensitivity—a key parameter in characterizing electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption and penetration dynamics within oil reservoirs—to various reservoir properties including temperature, pressure, mineralogy (limestone, quartz, and clays), and water saturation. Contemporary estimation techniques, primarily grounded in simplistic mixing rule models, often fail to capture the intricacy inherent to heavy oil reservoirs. Thus, this study, buttressed by extensive experimental data, introduces a distinctive, intrinsically multivariable regression model that better delineates the relationships between dielectric properties and reservoir conditions.
Our investigation uncovers water saturation as a pivotal factor in the sensitivity of the regression model, largely due to water’s inherently polar nature. We note that the complex permittivity of the sample diminishes with increasing quartz content and decreasing limestone content—despite limestone possessing a higher individual dielectric constant. Moreover, the presence of clays, primarily found within the pore space delineated by the quartz and limestone sand’s grain boundaries, accentuates the expansive sensitivity of the dielectric constant to water volume, overshadowing the polarizability induced by the double-layer effect of water-sensitive clays.
The study additionally uncovers temperature-dependent behavior, characterized by an increase in both components of complex permittivity with rising temperatures, particularly for composite materials comprising diverse rock minerals and hydrocarbons. We also explore pressure as a variable and find no discernible impact on complex permittivity due to pressure fluctuations, although samples with high quartz content exhibit dynamic polarization under pressure.
Our multivariable regression model, responsive to all identified parameters, offers a more accurate and realistic interpretation of complex permittivity within the reservoir. The model’s validation on assorted unconsolidated and consolidated core samples underpins its reliability, paving the way for its implementation in any model estimating absorption and penetration dynamics within the reservoir.
In summation, the results of this study hold significant implications for reservoir simulation. The regressed models can be directly integrated to bridge the gap between numerical simulation and experimentally obtained relationships. These findings offer insights into the behavior of complex permittivity and its sensitivity to various reservoir properties. The regression model developed herein provides a more nuanced approach to estimating complex permittivity in oil reservoirs, enhancing our comprehension of EM wave absorption dynamics, and contributing to the advancement of more efficient and sustainable oil extraction methodologies.
A Study of the Potential Effects of Deepening the Corpus Christi Ship Channel on Hurricane Storm Surge
Authors: Valseth Eirik , Dawson Clint , Buskey Edward 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We present a case study of the potential impact on hurricane storm surge due to deepening the Corpus Christi Ship Channel through Aransas Pass in the region of Corpus Christi and Port Aransas, Texas. Our investigation is based on numerical mathematical models of the circulation of coastal water due to Hurricane Harvey and a synthetic hurricane derived from Harvey. The circulation models are based on the numerical solution of the shallow water equations using finite element and finite difference techniques. The shallow water equations are solved within the framework of the widely used ADvanced CIRCulation (ADCIRC) numerical model. From the models, we ascertain maximum storm surge as well as elevation time series at critical locations in the study region. To assess the effects of a deeper channel, we compare the model outputs for current and proposed future channels. The model results indicate that the changes to maximum storm surge magnitude are small and in large portions of the study area the models indicate a reduction in surge magnitude. However, there are some local areas where the models results show an increase of up to 30 centimeters in a synthetic extreme storm scenario.
Galvanic vestibular stimulation and human-human interface in the spinal cord injury patient
Authors: Boffino Catarina Costa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Spinal cord injury is one of the most debilitating conditions in health in some cases and can occur in active young adults. Galvanic vestibular stimulation is a new approach that can help postural control in these patients. The brain-machine interface supports the recovery of these patients as also as invasive and non-invasive neuromodulation. Here we show a case report of a chronic spinal cord injury patient (tetraparesis) submitted to a protocol combining galvanic vestibular stimulation and human-human interface, a device composed of an electroneuromyography (positioned in abdominal muscle), an Arduino programmed with artificial intelligence and linked to control an electro stimulator (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation - tens) (set in paravertebral musculature) that emitted sensory and motor stimulation, to facilitate information infra and supra lesioned. The patient improved in clinical measures, including neurological level and functional scores of autonomy and postural control scores.
Protocol Update and Baseline Characteristics for the TRIal to slow the Progression of Diabetes (TRIPOD) Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bairavi Joann , Gardner Daphne Su-Lyn , Yeoh Ester , Tham Kwang Wei , Gandhi Mihir , Tan Ngiap Chuan , Lee Phong Ching , Lim Robyn Su May , Adamjee Thofique , Cheung Yin Bun , Bee Yong Mong , Finkelstein Eric Andrew 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and other adverse health conditions, is on the rise in Singapore. TRIPOD is a randomised controlled trial aimed to determine whether complementing usual care with an evidence-based Diabetes management package (DMP) -comprising access to an evidence-based app, health coaching, pedometer, glucometer and weighing scale, with or without a financial rewards scheme (M-POWER rewards), can improve mean HbA1c levels at Months 6 and 12.
Methods: The protocol was published in Trials, accessible via https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13063-019-3749-x1. This manuscript updates the protocol with changes to the study design due to challenges with recruitment and presents baseline characteristics. Key updates include changing the arm allocation ratio from 1:1:1 (Arm 1-Usual Care: Arm 2-DMP: Arm 3-DMP+M-POWER rewards) to 10:1:10, the sample size from 339 to 269, the intervention period from two to one year, and the primary hypothesis to focus solely on differences between Usual care and DMP+M-POWER rewards. Recruitment for the study began on 19 October 2019 and ended on 4 June 2022.
Results: The average age of participants was 54.7 (SD 10.0) years old and 64.8% were male. Majority of participants (74.5%) were Chinese, 6.8% Malay and 17.0% Indian. 66.6% had a monthly income of SGD$4,000 or more. The mean baseline HbA1c was 8.13% (SD 0.97) and mean Body Mass Index was 27kg.0/m2 (SD 5.6).
Discussion: The final participant will finish follow-up data collection by 30 June 2023. At this time all pre-planned analyses will be conducted and final results reported.
Trial registration: Registered on clinical trials.gov (NCT03800680) on 11 January 2019, accessible via https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03800680
Psychometric Properties of the Arabic versions of the 3-item General Self-Efficacy Short Scale–3 (GSE-3), and the Internal–External Locus of Control Short Scale–4 (IE-4)
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Hallit Rabih , Malaeb Diana , Dabbous Mariam , Sakr Fouad , Khatib Sami El , Sawma Toni , Obeid Sahar , Hallit Souheil 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Because general self-efficacy (GSE) and locus of control (LoC) interfere with many areas of life and affect numerous health aspects, high-quality measurements of these constructs as context variables for different research areas are a necessary requirement to advance our knowledge in this field and improve people's physical and mental health. We aimed to contribute to this field by validating the Arabic versions of two ultra-short measures, the 3-item General Self-Efficacy Short Scale–3 (GSE-3) and the Internal–External Locus of Control Short Scale–4 (IE-4).
Method
A one-time-point online survey was conducted among Arabic-speaking community adults from the general population of Lebanon (N = 601; mean age 29.91 ± 12.61; 62.7% females). The forward–backward translation procedure was adopted to develop the Arabic versions of the GES-3 and the IE-4.
Results
The results of the Exploratory Factor Analyses showed that the GSE-3’ s items converged over a one-factor solution in the total sample, in men and women respectively. Furthermore, the IE-4’s items converged over a two-factor solution in those three groups, respectively. Internal consistency of the two Arabic scales showed acceptable results in our sample, with Cronbach alpha coefficients of .93 for the GSE-3, of .75 for the internal and .49 for the External LoC factors of the IE-4. Convergent validity evidence was confirmed based on the correlations of the GSE-3 and the IE-4 between each other. Furthermore, we found that Internal LoC and GSE correlated negatively with psychological distress variables (i.e., depression, anxiety and stress), in contrast with external LoC that showed positive correlations with these variables.
Conclusion
Findings suggest that the Arabic GSE-3 and IE-4 are reliable, valid, and suitable to be applied in the large Arabic-speaking adult populations. Clinicians and researchers working in Arabic-speaking settings and nations with limited resources are now offered the possibility of using psychometrically sound measures of GSE, internal and external LoC in a convenient, time-efficient and economical way.
Empowering Students to Learn: The Effect of encouraging assessment
Authors: Ying Gang , Hai Meihong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of formative assessment, specifically neutral assessment and encouraging assessment, on students' learning performance in the short- and long-term. Through the use of quasi-natural experiments, Propensity Score Matching, and Instrumental Variable methods, the study finds a consistent and significantly positive effect of neutral assessment and encouraging assessment on students' learning. It also reveals an interesting effect: encouraging assessment helps to inspire students to cope with difficult tasks in the long term, while neutral assessment only improves the performance of short-term, loose, and relatively easy tasks. This suggests that encouraging teaching intervention helps to shape students' long-term aptitude for handling difficult tasks, while neutral assessment only boosts short-term, loose, and relatively easy work performance. The findings of this study suggest that formative assessment, and particularly encouraging assessment, can be an effective tool for improving student learning in the short- and long-term.
Impacts for Health and Care Workers of Covid-19 and Other Public Health Emergencies of International Concern: Living Systematic Review, Meta-analysis &amp; Policy Recommendations
Authors: Fronteira Ines , Mathews Verona , Santos Rainalla Lima Bandeira dos , Matsumoto Karen , Amde Woldekidan , Pereira Alessandra , de Oliveira Ana Paula Cavalcante , Craveiro Isabel , Chança Raphael , Boniol Mathieu , Ferrinho Paulo , Poz Mário Roberto Dal 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background Health and care workers (HCW) faced the double burden of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: as members of a society affected by a public health emergency and as HWC who experienced fear of becoming infected and of infecting others, stigma, violence, increased workloads, changes in scope of practice, among others. To understand the short and long-term impacts in terms of the COVID-19 pandemic and other public health emergencies of international concern (PHEICs) on HCW and relevant interventions to address them, we designed and conducted a living systematic review (LSR).Methods We reviewed literature retrieved from MEDLINE - PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, LILACS, the World Health Organization COVID-19 database, the ClinicalTrials.org and the ILO database, published from January 2000 until December 2021. We included quantitative observational studies, experimental studies, quasi-experimental, mixed methods or qualitative studies; addressing workplace hazards, mental health, unplanned absenteeism, attrition and intention to leave the occupation, performance, violence and quality of life. The review targeted HCW, health systems, health services users and the public; and interventions and exposures, implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic or other PHEICs. To assess the risk of bias of included studies we used the Johanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. Data were qualitatively synthetized using metaggregation and meta-analysis was performed to estimate pooled prevalence of some of the outcomes.Key Findings The 1,013 studies included in the review were mainly quantitative research, cross-sectional, with medium risk of bias/ quality, addressing at least one of the following: mental health issue, violence, physical health and well-being, and quality of life. Additionally, interventions to address short- and long-term impact of PHEICs on HCW also included in the review were mainly behavioral and individual oriented, aimed at improving mental health through the development of individual interventions. A lack of interventions addressing organizational or systemic bottlenecks was noted.Conclusions PHEICs impacted the mental and physical health of HCW with the greatest toll on mental health. The impact PHEICs are intricate and complex. The review revealed the consequences for health and care service delivery, with increased unplanned absenteeism, service disruption and occupation turnover that subvert the capacity to answer to the PHEICs, specifically challenging the resilience of health systems.