bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are men treated differently in clinical placements during nursing studies? A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Salamonson Yenna , Maneze Della , Smith Brandon W. , Duff Jed , Theobald Karen A. , Montayre Jed , McTier Lauren , Donnelly Frank 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAim and ObjectiveTo explore the perceptions of nursing students regarding the treatment of men in nursing during their clinical placement.BackgroundNegative placement experiences of men who are nursing students is a risk factor for student attrition. Hence, exploring gender disparity in treatment during placement from both men and women studying nursing will contribute to improving student experience and reducing attrition.DesignSurvey capturing both quantitative and qualitative data.MethodsNursing students were surveyed between July and September 2021 across 16 Schools of Nursing in Australia. In addition to the Clinical Learning Environment Inventory (CLEI‐19), an open‐ended question explored if men received different treatment during clinical placement.ResultsThose who expressed difference in treatment of men were less satisfied with their clinical learning experience (p < .001). Of the 486 (39.6%) who responded to the open‐ended question, 152 (31%) indicated a difference in the treatment of men, reporting that men received: (a) better (39%); (b) different, not exclusively better or worse (19%); and (c) worse (42%) treatment from either the clinical facilitator or ward staff. While both men and women perceived gender differences in the treatment of men during placement, men were more likely to report worse treatment.ConclusionDespite the advances achieved in recruiting men in nursing, negative experiences during clinical placement are characterised by stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination, adversely impact retention.Relevance to clinical practiceNurse educators need to recognise specific support students require during placement regardless of gender. Our findings reinforce the adverse impacts of inequitable treatment on both men and women nursing students on learning, clinical performance, morale and ultimately on retention in the nursing workforce. Addressing gender stereotyping and discrimination in the undergraduate nursing program is an important step in promoting diversity and inclusivity in the nursing workforce.
Turkish Version of the Sleep Self‐Report Scale: Factorial Structure and Psychometric Properties for 8‐12‐Year Old Children
Authors: Ateş Esin , Konal Korkmaz Ebru , Temel Ayla Baylk 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAppropriate diagnosis of sleep problems is crucial, given the importance of sleep in childhood development. The Sleep Self‐Report Scale (SSRS) is used to assess children's sleep problems in the United States and Spain, and this study aimed to expand the usability of this instrument by evaluating its validity and reliability in Turkish children.MethodsBetween March 2019 and December 2019, this methodological, descriptive, correlational study was conducted on 1138 children. The sociodemographic information form and the SSRS were used to collect data. Factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, and item‐total score analysis were used for data analysis.ResultsThe scale consists of 23 items and 3 sub‐dimensions. Three sub‐dimensions were observed to explain 58.79% of the total variance. All goodness of fit indices were >0.90 and the root mean square error was <0.08 in the confirmatory factor analysis. For the entire scale, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient is .94.ConclusionsThe SSRS was found to be a valid and reliable instrument to identify sleep problems. The factorial structure supported by exploratory and confirmatory analysis examines the most relevant areas of sleep in children.
Histopathological patterns and differential behavioural of Rhizoctonia solani causing sheath blight in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Thesiya Mayur R. , Lore Jagjeet S. , Bhatia Dharminder , Kalia Anu , Hunjan Mandeep S. , Kaur Rupinder 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSheath blight of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn [teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris (Frank) Donk] is a significant threat to rice cultivation, accounting for up to 50% yield losses. The present investigation demonstrates the early pathogenesis events and R. solani pre‐ and post‐penetration activities on moderately resistant (MR) and highly susceptible (HS) lines under field conditions. A pure culture of R. solani isolate (R1965) was inoculated inside the sheath at the maximum tillering stage for different time intervals (24, 48, 72 and 96 hpi). R. solani exhibited more profuse, dense, closely contact around surface grooves, lobate appressoria‐like structures and greater microsclerotia development on the HS line compared to the MR one. Using fluorescent, optical, and scanning electron microscopy, it was noticed for the first time that R. solani could intercept sheath papillae and employ them for attachment or penetration in two ways: (a) direct penetration by lobate or runner hyphae, appressorium and infection cushion and (b) indirect stomatal penetration. Assays using in vivo plant inoculation showed that disease lesion length was higher in the HS line than the MR line. Intraxylary hyphal colonization could be seen using microtomy to understand the cellular spatial dynamics of xylem colonization by R. solani. The penetration mechanism along with penetration hyphae of the R. solani inside HS rice lines describe in this paper for the first time using optical ultrastructure. These results supported for better understanding of host–pathogen interaction, penetration mechanism and colonization of R. solani in rice.
Maternal exposure to zolpidem and risk of specific birth defects
Authors: Howley Meredith M. , Werler Martha M. , Fisher Sarah C. , Tracy Melissa , Van Zutphen Alissa R. , Papadopoulos Eleni A. , Hansen Craig , Ailes Elizabeth C. , Reefhuis Jennita , Wood Mollie E. , Browne Marilyn L. ,   for the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: June 2023

SummaryZolpidem is a non‐benzodiazepine agent indicated for treatment of insomnia. While zolpidem crosses the placenta, little is known about its safety in pregnancy. We assessed associations between self‐reported zolpidem use 1 month before pregnancy through to the end of the third month (“early pregnancy”) and specific birth defects using data from two multi‐site case–control studies: National Birth Defects Prevention Study and Slone Epidemiology Center Birth Defects Study. Analysis included 39,711 birth defect cases and 23,035 controls without a birth defect. For defects with ≥ 5 exposed cases, we used logistic regression with Firth's penalised likelihood to estimate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, considering age at delivery, race/ethnicity, education, body mass index, parity, early‐pregnancy antipsychotic, anxiolytic, antidepressant use, early‐pregnancy opioid use, early‐pregnancy smoking, and study as potential covariates. For defects with three–four exposed cases, we estimated crude odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Additionally, we explored differences in odds ratios using propensity score‐adjustment and conducted a probabilistic bias analysis of exposure misclassification. Overall, 84 (0.2%) cases and 46 (0.2%) controls reported early‐pregnancy zolpidem use. Seven defects had sufficient sample size to calculate adjusted odds ratios, which ranged from 0.76 for cleft lip to 2.18 for gastroschisis. Four defects had odds ratios > 1.8. All confidence intervals included the null. Zolpidem use was rare. We could not calculate adjusted odds ratios for most defects and estimates are imprecise. Results do not support a large increase in risk, but smaller increases in risk for certain defects cannot be ruled out.
Clinical presentation, causative drugs and outcome of patients with autoimmune features in two prospective DILI registries
Authors: García‐Cortés Miren , Ortega‐Alonso Aida , Matilla‐Cabello Gonzalo , Medina‐Cáliz Inmaculada , Castiella Agustín , Conde Isabel , Bonilla‐Toyos Elvira , Pinazo‐Bandera José , Hernández Nelia , Tagle Martin , Nunes Vinicius , Parana Raymundo , Bessone Fernando , Kaplowitz Neil , Lucena M. Isabel , Alvarez‐Alvarez Ismael , Robles‐Díaz Mercedes , Andrade Raúl J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground & aimsIdiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) with autoimmune features is a liver condition with laboratory and histological characteristics similar to those of idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), which despite being increasingly reported, remains largely undefined. We aimed to describe in‐depth the features of this entity in a large series of patients from two prospective DILI registries.MethodsDILI cases with autoimmune features collected in the Spanish DILI Registry and the Latin American DILI Network were compared with DILI patients without autoimmune features and with an independent cohort of patients with AIH.ResultsOut of 1,426 patients with DILI, 33 cases with autoimmune features were identified. Female sex was more frequent in AIH patients than in the other groups (p = .001). DILI cases with autoimmune features had significantly longer time to onset (p < .001) and resolution time (p = .004) than those without autoimmune features. Interestingly, DILI patients with autoimmune features who relapsed exhibited significantly higher total bilirubin and transaminases at onset and absence of peripheral eosinophilia than those who did not relapse. The likelihood of relapse increased over time, from 17% at 6 months to 50% 4 years after biochemical normalization. Statins, nitrofurantoin and minocycline were the drugs most frequently associated with this phenotype.ConclusionsDILI with autoimmune features shows different clinical features than DILI patients lacking characteristics of autoimmunity. Higher transaminases and total bilirubin values with no eosinophilia at presentation increase the likelihood of relapse in DILI with autoimmune features. As the tendency to relapse increases over time, these patients will require long‐term follow‐up.
EUS‐guided coil and glue injection versus endoscopic glue injection for gastric varices: International multicentre propensity‐matched analysis
Authors: Samanta Jayanta , Nabi Zaheer , Facciorusso Antonio , Dhar Jahnvi , Akbar Wahid , Das Aritra , Birda Chhagan Lal , Mangiavillano Benedetto , Auriemma Francesco , Crino Stefano Francesco , Kochhar Rakesh , Lakhtakia Sundeep , Reddy Duvvur Nageshwar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundGastric varices (GVs) are conventionally managed with endoscopic cyanoacrylate (E‐CYA) glue injection. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided therapy using combination of coils and CYA glue (EUS‐CG) is a relatively recent modality. There is limited data comparing the two techniques.MethodologyThis international multicentre study included patients with GV undergoing endotherapy from two Indian and two Italian tertiary care centres. Patients undergoing EUS‐CG were compared with propensity‐matched E‐CYA cases from a cohort of 218 patients. Procedural details such as amount of glue, number of coils used, number of sessions required for obliteration, bleeding after index procedure rates and need for re‐intervention were noted.ResultsOf 276 patients, 58 (male 42, 72.4%; mean age—44.3 ± 12.1 years) underwent EUS‐CG and were compared with 118 propensity‐matched cases of E‐CYA. In the EUS‐CG arm, complete obliteration at 4 weeks was noted in 54 (93.1%) cases. Compared to the E‐CYA cohort, EUS‐CG arm showed significantly lower number of session (1.0 vs. 1.5; p < 0.0001) requirement, lower subsequent‐bleeding episodes (13.8% vs. 39.1%; p < 0.0001) and lower re‐intervention (12.1% vs. 50.4%; p < 0.001) rates. On multivariable regression analysis, size of the varix (aOR‐1.17; CI 1.08–1.26) and technique of therapy (aOR‐14.71; CI 4.32–50.0) were significant predictors of re‐bleeding. A maximum GV size >17.5 mm had a 69% predictive accuracy for need for re‐intervention.ConclusionEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided therapy of GV using coil and CYA glue is a safe technique with better efficacy and lower re‐bleeding rates on follow‐up compared to the conventional endoscopic CYA therapy.
Maintenance and expansion of genetic and trait variation following domestication in a clonal crop
Authors: White Oliver W. , Biswas Manosh Kumar , Abebe Wendawek M. , Dussert Yann , Kebede Firew , Nichols Richard A. , Buggs Richard J. A. , Demissew Sebsebe , Woldeyes Feleke , Papadopulos Alexander S. T. , Schwarzacher Trude , Heslop‐Harrison Pat J. S. , Wilkin Paul , Borrell James S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClonal propagation enables favourable crop genotypes to be rapidly selected and multiplied. However, the absence of sexual propagation can lead to low genetic diversity and accumulation of deleterious mutations, which may eventually render crops less resilient to pathogens or environmental change. To better understand this trade‐off, we characterize the domestication and contemporary genetic diversity of Enset (Ensete ventricosum), an indigenous African relative of bananas (Musa) and a principal starch staple for 20 million Ethiopians. Wild enset reproduction occurs strictly by sexual outcrossing, but for cultivation, it is propagated clonally and associated with diversification and specialization into hundreds of named landraces. We applied tGBS sequencing to generate genome‐wide genotypes for 192 accessions from across enset's cultivated distribution, and surveyed 1340 farmers on enset agronomic traits. Overall, reduced heterozygosity in the domesticated lineage was consistent with a domestication bottleneck that retained 37% of wild diversity. However, an excess of putatively deleterious missense mutations at low frequency present as heterozygotes suggested an accumulation of mutational load in clonal domesticated lineages. Our evidence indicates that the major domesticated lineages initially arose through historic sexual recombination associated with a domestication bottleneck, followed by the amplification of favourable genotypes through an extended period of clonal propagation. Among domesticated lineages, we found a significant phylogenetic signal for multiple farmer‐identified food, nutrition and disease resistance traits and little evidence of contemporary recombination. The development of future‐climate adapted genotypes may require crop breeding, but outcrossing risks exposing deleterious alleles as homozygotes. This trade‐off may partly explain the ubiquity and persistence of clonal propagation over recent centuries of comparative climate stability.
A Guide to the American Community Survey (ACS) for the Rural Researcher: Unpacking the Conceptual and Technical Aspects of Using Secondary Data for Rural Research☆
Authors: LeBeau Kristie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSparsely populated rural areas are susceptible to high levels of error in their data, making it difficult to examine patterns and trends across geographies. This article aims to advance research methods for rural researchers by offering guidelines for navigating high levels of error associated with the American Community Survey (ACS). The ACS presents a useful source of U.S. community level data for rural researchers to utilize in school–community research but not without its difficulties. The small population sizes of rural communities often translate to large margins of error in the data, presenting a degree of uncertainty in the actual measure. To illustrate challenges and best practice, the author conducts a case study of the relationship between the presence of schools and economic vitality of rural communities in Indiana using ACS data. The author demonstrates how to examine the error in the data, introduces options to reduce uncertainty, and ultimately, explains how to move forward with the data, working with the margin of error and acknowledging its presence in the analysis and results. This article offers suggestions and techniques to assist rural researchers in navigating ACS obstacles so that they might produce transparent results with as little uncertainty as possible.
Monitoring structural scale composite specimens in a post‐buckling regime: The integrated finite element stereo digital image correlation approach with geometrically non‐linear regularization
Authors: Dufour J.‐E. , Colantonio G. , Bouvet C. , Périé J.‐N. , Passieux J.‐C. , Serra J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEven though the simulations used to describe the failure of laminates are becoming more and more predictive, complex testing under multiaxial loadings is still required to validate the design of structural parts in a wide range of industrial domains. It is thus essential to assess the actual boundary conditions to allow for an objective comparison between testing and calculations, in particular since the structural tests are complex and often leads to buckling. Therefore, accurate estimation of force and moment fluxes applied to the specimen is critical. In this context, stereo digital image correlation (SDIC) has proven to be an important measurement tool and provides very well‐resolved surface displacement fields, but the exploitation of such measurements to calculate fluxes remains problematic when testing composites. The first objective of this study is both to reduce the uncertainty associated with fluxes determination on a complex test and to simplify the extraction process with respect to existing procedures. The second objective is to make this methodology robust to geometrically non‐linear deformations. In this paper, we propose a new methodology that extracts minimal boundary conditions in the form of 3D mechanically admissible displacements fields. The approach developed uses a finite element SDIC (FE‐SDIC) method regularized by means of mechanical behaviour admissibility equations. Results show that the new methodology outputs much more accurate fluxes than classical data generated from multiple differentiations of the displacement fields. Excellent noise robustness is obtained and quantified. Numerical predictions have been satisfactorily compared with experimental data from one structural‐scale composite specimen under complex testing.
Stillbirth and early neonatal mortality rates may be underestimated using recall information: A comparison of demographic surveillance methodologies
Authors: Jensen Andreas Møller , Thysen Sanne Marie , Furtado Oides , Correia Claudino , Helleringer Stéphane , von Bornemann Hjelmborg Jacob , Fisker Ane Bærent 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveChild mortality and stillbirth rates (SBR) remain high in low‐income countries but may be underestimated due to incomplete reporting of child deaths in retrospective pregnancy/birth histories. The aim of this study is to compare stillbirth and mortality estimates derived using two different methods: the method assuming full information and the prospective method.MethodsBandim Health Project's Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (HDSS) follows women of reproductive age and children under five through routine home visits every 1, 2 or 6 months. Between 2012 and 2020, we estimated and compared early neonatal (ENMR, <7 days), neonatal (NMR, <28 days), and infant mortality (IMR, <1 year) per 1000 live births and SBR per 1000 births. Risk time for children born to registered women was calculated from birth (the method assuming full information) versus date of first observation in the HDSS (the prospective method), either at birth (for pregnancy registration) or registration. Rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier estimator and compared in generalised linear models allowing for within‐child correlation obtaining relative risks (RR).ResultsWe registered and followed 29,413 infants (1380 deaths; 1459 stillbirths) prospectively. An additional 164 infant deaths and 129 stillbirths were registered retrospectively and included in the method assuming full information. The ENMR was 24.5 (95%CI: 22.6–26.4) for the method assuming full information and 25.8 (23.7–27.8) for the prospective method, RR = 0.96 (0.93–0.99). Differences were smaller for the NMRs and IMRs. For SBRs, the estimates were 53.5 (50.9–56.0) and 58.6 (55.7–61.5); RR = 0.91 (0.90–0.93). The difference between methods became more pronounced when the analysis was limited to areas visited every 6 months: RR for ENMR: 0.91 (0.86–0.96) and RR for SBR: 0.85 (0.83–0.87).ConclusionsAssuming full information underestimates SBR and ENMR. Accounting for omissions of stillbirths and early neonatal deaths may lead to more accurate estimates and improved ability to monitor mortality.
Arabidopsis EIN2 represses ABA responses during germination and early seedling growth by inactivating HLS1 protein independently of the canonical ethylene pathway
Authors: Guo Renkang , Wen Xing , Zhang Wei , Huang Li , Peng Yang , Jin Lian , Han Huihui , Zhang Linlin , Li Wenyang , Guo Hongwei 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYThe signaling pathways for the phytohormones ethylene and abscisic acid (ABA) have antagonistic effects on seed germination and early seedling establishment. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 2 (EIN2) localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); although its biochemical function is unknown, it connects the ethylene signal with the key transcription factors EIN3 and EIN3‐LIKE 1 (EIL1), leading to the transcriptional activation of ethylene‐responsive genes. In this study, we uncovered an EIN3/EIL1‐independent role for EIN2 in regulating the ABA response. Epistasis analysis demonstrated that this distinct role of EIN2 in the ABA response depends on HOOKLESS 1 (HLS1), the putative histone acetyltransferase acting as a positive regulator of ABA responses. Protein interaction assays supported a direct physical interaction between EIN2 and HLS1 in vitro and in vivo. Loss of EIN2 function resulted in an alteration of HLS1‐mediated histone acetylation at the ABA‐INSENSITIVE 3 (ABI3) and ABI5 loci, which promotes gene expression and the ABA response during seed germination and early seedling growth, indicating that the EIN2–HLS1 module contributes to ABA responses. Our study thus revealed that EIN2 modulates ABA responses by repressing HLS1 function, independently of the canonical ethylene pathway. These findings shed light on the intricate regulatory mechanisms underling the antagonistic interactions between ethylene and ABA signaling, with significant implications for our understanding of plant growth and development.
Trade sanctions and international market integration: Evidence from the sanctions on Iranian methanol exports
Authors: Massol Olivier , Hache Emmanuel , Banal‐Estañol Albert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of trade sanctions, imposed against large exporting nations, on the degree of spatial integration achieved between non‐sanctioned importing markets. The analysis is conducted under a parity bounds framework based on Negassa and Myers (American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 89, 2007, 338). We apply this model to investigate the effects of the 2012–2016 sanctions against Iran's petrochemical exports on the main importing markets in Asia and we use it to measure the degrees of spatial integration attained outside and during the sanction period. Our findings document a complete reconfiguration of the spatial extent of the methanol markets. Outside of the sanction period, a high degree of market integration was achieved among the main Asian markets. In contrast, we observe the emergence of two little integrated market areas, China and India on one side and South Korea and South‐East Asia on the other, when sanctions are imposed.