bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suicide with oral midazolam: Postmortem toxicological investigations using Ostro® Plate and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Boudin Coralie , Eysseric-Guérin Hélène , Paysant François , Revet Melissa , Stanke-Labesque Françoise , Scolan Virginie , Willeman Théo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A middle-aged woman was found dead with multiple empty blisters of midazolam (MDZ) (DORMICUM®), equivalent to 450 mg, near her body. The autopsy revealed that the cause of death was secondary to an asphyxia syndrome. Standard toxicological procedures identified MDZ only in blood, urine and gastric content. A quantitative analytical method for MDZ and 1-hydroxymidazolam (1-OH-MDZ) was validated using protein precipitation, a phospholipid removal Ostro® plates and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. MDZ and 1-OH-MDZ were quantified in peripheral blood at 910 and 534 ng/mL, respectively, and superior to 2000 ng/mL in urine. Reported to the body weight, the dose, which was lethal, was estimated to be 6.7 mg/kg. The usual dose used in the intensive care unit is 0.03–0.3 mg/kg. MDZ intoxication outside of hospital is rare given the restricted availably of this drug in France. Nevertheless, MDZ under oral form remains available in several countries. Toxic MDZ blood concentrations are described after intravenous administration for anesthesia and are not suited for oral intoxication. Based on the autopsy findings, police investigation and toxicology results, the cause of death was determined to be a self-inflicted oral MDZ acute intoxication, which is the first to be documented to the best of our knowledge. This fatal intoxication provides analytical data that could support subsequent toxicological result interpretation in similar forensic cases.
Working Towards Holistic Scar Assessment and Improved Shared Decision Making in Global Burn Care
Authors: van de Warenburg Milly S , Munk Elleke F L , Davies Anna , McBride Craig A , Edgar Dale W , Vehmeijer-Heeman Mariëlle L A W , Young Amber E 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cutaneous burn scars impact various aspects of life. Scar treatment is mainly evaluated on scar characteristics. Consensus is needed on which other outcomes to capture, ensuring they are relevant to patients, clinicians, and researchers. The aim of this study was to identify, discuss and analyze outcomes related to cutaneous burn scarring, incorporating the voice of patients and views of healthcare professionals. For this, a Delphi process consisting of two survey rounds and a consensus meeting was initiated. Burn scar-related outcomes were identified from an existing comprehensive list of 100 outcomes by an international panel of patients, healthcare professionals and researchers. Fifty-nine outcomes were identified from the Delphi process as related to scarring (≥60% votes). Outcomes less impactful in relation to scar outcomes included psychosocial issues, sense of normality, understanding of treatment, costs and systemic issues. To represent a holistic assessment of outcomes related to cutaneous burn scarring, this Delphi process established a battery of outcomes currently included in scar quality assessment tools, and an expanded set of less frequently considered outcomes. Future work in this area must include the patient voice from developing countries. This is essential to identify globally applicable outcomes related to scarring.
A Regional Analysis of Potentially Preventable Injuries Sustained From Burning Garbage and Yard Waste
Authors: Hill David M , Rath Abigail J , Boam Tina , Fletchall Sandra , Sabbatini Sarah , Geib Teresa , Krebs Mamie , Funk David , Greer Catherine , Mincey Megan , Wayne Mary , Dadireddy Kalyan , Liu Xiangxia , Velamuri Sai R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Due to high prevalence in the south, understanding the injury pattern, healthcare burden, and cost of burn injuries associated with burning yard and trash debris are important for effective prevention. This 5-year retrospective, single-center study included patients sustaining an open flame burn injury due to burning brush or trash. Based on primary residence of the 136 patients, 56% had access to free municipal waste disposal, 25% could have had access with additional payment, and 18% did not have access. The median (Q1 and Q3) age and total body surface area (TBSA) burned was 50 (32, 66.5) years and 5% (2.5, 12), respectively, with 36% having some portion of full-thickness injury. One-third had some form of substance use. There were 151 total operations with a median of 1 (0, 1.5) per patient. There were 1,620 hospital days utilized (~6.6% of available bed-days per study period). Twenty-five percent were discharged with a paired functional status worse than pre-injury. Patients with some degree of pre-injury function limitations had a 3-fold higher length of stay (10 vs 3 days; P = .023). Patients with lower pre-injury functionality had almost four times higher mortality (23.7% vs 6.3%; P = .085). There were 9 (6.7%) deaths with an average (±SD) of 74.3 ± 13.1 years of age, median of 33% (31, 43) TBSA, and median full-thickness TBSA of 32% (21, 44). Total hospital charges exceeded $32.6 million with a median of $32,952.26 ($8,790.48, $103,113.95) per patient. Focusing future outreach efforts on education and resource availability may prevent future waste-burning injuries.
Solute segregation affected by transport properties during a bubble entrapment in upward solidification
Authors: Wei P S , Liao K C , Tseng T W , Chiou D , Wang S B , Tsai C E 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The effects of transport properties on segregation of a dissolvable gas, for example, carbon dioxide in water in the presence of an entrapping bubble during upward unidirectional solidification is numerically investigated. Microporosity and inter-related solute segregation are two common defects detrimental to mechanical properties of components, especially to fatigue performance, strength, and ductility. In this work, transport processes between the bubble, liquid, and solid affected by mass, momentum, energy, and concentration equations are solved by finite element schemes provided from the commercial COMSOL code. The results find that solute concentration in solid and liquid surrounding the pore increases with decreasing Henry's law constant and gravitational acceleration, and increasing surface tension surrounding pressure and solid thermal conductivity. Solute gas concentration on the top free surface is insensitive to that in the pore rather than that in liquid and solid away from the pore. Apex cap becomes non-spherical affecting solidification rate and shape of the solidification front as ambient pressure at the top free surface and gravitational acceleration increase. Contact angle versus location of the solidification front predicted from this work and Abel's equation agrees well. Solute segregation encountered by pore formation is controllable.
A rare case: synchronous ipsilateral breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma and invasive ductal carcinoma
Authors: Safari Aroosha , Hamza Saud , Paton David 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A 78-year-old female with a history of cosmetic breast implants presented with unilateral breast enlargement and was subsequently diagnosed with stage IA breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) as well as stage IB ipsilateral synchronous invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Her assessment included bilateral breast ultrasounds,mammograms and MRIs with right-sided fine needle aspiration of peri-implant fluid, core biopsy of right breast mass and a whole-body positron emission tomography scan. She was surgically treated with bilateral capsulectomy, implant removal and mastectomy. No adjuvant treatment was required for the BIA-ALCL. The IDC required adjuvant chemotherapy, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy. This rare case highlights the paramount importance of thorough evaluation of suspected BIA-ALCL patients for synchronous breast pathologies. We conclude with a concise summary of the salient points on evaluation and management of BIA-ALCL for surgeons.
Association between sexual frequency and all-cause mortality in young and middle-aged patients with hypertension: a cohort study of patient data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2014
Authors: Luo Chuanjin , Xu Shuzhi , Bao Shiqin , Zhang Bo , Zhong Xiaofen , Huang Zhihua , Li Ping , Liang Jiahua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Sexual activity appears to have protective effects on overall and cardiovascular health.

Aim
We hypothesized that decreased sexual frequency would be an early predictor of all-cause mortality in young and middle-aged patients (20 to 59 years old) with hypertension.

Methods
A total of 4565 patients with hypertension (55.6% men; mean [SD] age 40.60 [10.81] years) who had completed a sexual behavior questionnaire were enrolled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2005 to 2014. Cox proportional hazards models and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to evaluate the relationship between sexual frequency and all-cause mortality.

Outcomes
The outcome measure for this study is the relationship between sexual frequency and all-cause mortality in young and middle-aged patients with hypertension.

Results
During the 68-month median follow-up period, 109 (2.39%) patients died from any cause. After full adjustment for potential confounders, sexual frequency was an independent predictive factor for all-cause mortality in young and middle-aged patients with hypertension. A marital status difference was identified in the subgroup analysis: among patients with a sexual frequency of &lt;12 times/year, only married patients had higher risks of all-cause mortality than the 12-51 times/year group (HR, 0.476, 95% CI, 0.235-0.963, P &lt; .05) and &gt; 51 (HR, 0.452, 95% CI, 0.213-0.961, P &lt; .05) times/year groups. The association of sexual frequency and all-cause mortality was nonlinear.

Clinical Implications
Increased frequency of sexual activity may have protective effects on overall health and quality of life in patients with hypertension.

Strengths and Limitations
To our knowledge this is the first observational investigation performed to evaluate the correlation between sexual frequency and all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension. A limitation of the study is that the participants in our analysis were between the ages of 20 and 59 years, and this patient sample may not reflect possible outcomes for patients of other age groups.

Conclusion
The association between lower frequency of sexual intercourse and greater all-cause mortality was significant in young and middle-aged patients with hypertension in the United States.
Postbiotics as candidates in biofilm inhibition in food industries
Authors: Khani Nader , Abedi Soleimani Roya , Chadorshabi Sara , Moutab Bahareh Pouragha , Milani Payam Gonbari , Rad Aziz Homayouni 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Food-borne pathogen-related biofilms in food processing environments pose significant risks to human health. To ensure human and environmental safety, natural substances with anti-microbial properties and generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status are the future disinfectants of the food industry. The use of postbiotics in food products is gaining attention due to their many benefits. Postbiotics are soluble substances produced by probiotics or released after their lysis, such as bacteriocins, biosurfactants (BSs), and exopolysaccharides (EPS). Postbiotics have drawn attention because of their clear chemical structure, safety dose parameters, long shelf life, and the content of various signaling molecules, which may have anti-biofilm and antibacterial activities. The main mechanisms of postbiotics to combat biofilm contain suppression of twitching motility, disturbing quorum sensing (QS), and reduction of virulence factors. However, there are obstacles to using these compounds in the food matrix because some factors (temperature and pH) can limit the anti-biofilm impact of postbiotics. Therefore, by using encapsulation or application of these compounds in packaging films, the effect of interfering factors can be eliminated. This review summarizes the concept and safety of postbiotics, focusing on their antibiofilm effect, as well as discussing the encapsulation of postbiotics and their application in packaging films.
Cytoplasmic DNA sensing boosts CD4+ T cell metabolism for inflammatory induction
Authors: Ye Jialin , Fu Jiemeng , Hou Hui , Wang Yan , Deng Wei , Hao Shumeng , Pei Yifei , Xu Jing , Zheng Mingyue , Xiao Yichuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
DNA accumulation is associated with the development of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. However, the pathological role and underlying mechanism of cytoplasmic DNA accumulation in CD4+ T cells have not been well established. Here, we show that Trex1 deficiency-induced endogenous DNA accumulation in CD4+ T cells greatly promoted their induction of autoimmune inflammation in a lupus-like mouse model. Mechanistically, the accumulated DNA in CD4+ T cells was sensed by the KU complex, then triggered the activation of DNA-PKcs and ZAK and further facilitated the activation of AKT, which exacerbated glycolysis, thereby promoting the inflammatory responses. Accordingly, blocking the DNA sensing pathway in CD4+ T cells by genetic knockout of Zak or using our newly developed ZAK inhibitor iZAK2 attenuated all pathogenic characteristics in a lupus-like inflammation mouse model induced with Trex1-deficient CD4+ T cells. Overall, our study demonstrated a causal link between DNA-sensing and metabolic reprogramming in CD4+ T cells for inflammatory induction and suggested inhibition of the DNA sensing pathway may be a potential therapy for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Lexical diversity as a lens into the classification of Slavic languages: A quantitative typology perspective
Authors: Zhou Chenliang , Liu Haitao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study proposes a linguistic classification method based on quantitative typology, which leverages a large-scale multilingual parallel corpus to obtain valid language classification result by excluding the influence of covariates such as text genre and semantic content in cross-language comparison. To achieve this, we model the type–token relationships of each Slavic parallel text and calculate the lexical diversity to approximate the morphological complexity of the language. We perform automatic clustering of languages based on these lexical diversity metrics. Our findings show that (1) the lexical diversity metrics can well reflect that the language is located somewhere on the continuum of ‘analytism-synthetism’; (2) the automatic clustering based on these metrics effectively reflects the genealogical classification of Slavic languages; and (3) the geographical distribution of lexical diversity in the region where Slavic languages are spoken shows a monotonic increasing trend from southwest to northeast, which is consistent with the pattern found by previous authors on a global scale. The methodological approach taken in this study is data-driven, with the benefit of being independent of theoretical assumptions and easy for computer processing. This approach can offer a better insight into corpus-based typology and may shed light on the understanding of language as a human-driven complex adaptive system.
Interpersonal influences on decision-making capacity: a content analysis of court judgments
Authors: Ariyo Kevin , Kane Nuala B , Owen Gareth S , Ruck Keene Alex 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
For many purposes in England and Wales, the Court of Protection determines whether a person has or lacks capacity to make a decision, by applying the test within the Mental Capacity Act 2005. This test is regularly described as a cognitive test with cognitive processes discussed as internal characteristics. However, it is unclear how the courts have framed interpersonal influence as negatively impacting upon a person’s decision-making processes in a capacity assessment context. We reviewed published court judgments in England and Wales in which interpersonal problems were discussed as relevant to capacity. Through content analysis, we developed a typology that highlights five ways the courts considered influence to be problematic to capacity across these cases. Interpersonal influence problems were constructed as (i) P’s inability to preserve their free will or independence, (ii) restricting P’s perspective, (iii) valuing or dependence on a relationship, (iv) acting on a general suggestibility to influence, or (v) P denying facts about the relationship. These supposed mechanisms of interpersonal influence problems are poorly understood and clearly merit further consideration. Our typology and case discussion are a start towards more detailed practice guidelines, and raise questions as to whether mental capacity and influence should remain legally distinct.
Dark Energy Survey Year 3 results: magnification modelling and impact on cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing
Authors: Elvin-Poole J , MacCrann N , Everett S , Prat J , Rykoff E S , De Vicente J , Yanny B , Herner K , Ferté A , Valentino E Di , Choi A , Burke D L , Sevilla-Noarbe I , Alarcon A , Alves O , Amon A , Andrade-Oliveira F , Baxter E , Bechtol K , Becker M R , Bernstein G M , Blazek J , Camacho H , Campos A , Rosell A Carnero , Kind M Carrasco , Cawthon R , Chang C , Chen R , Cordero J , Crocce M , Davis C , DeRose J , Diehl H T , Dodelson S , Doux C , Drlica-Wagner A , Eckert K , Eifler T F , Elsner F , Fang X , Fosalba P , Friedrich O , Gatti M , Giannini G , Gruen D , Gruendl R A , Harrison I , Hartley W G , Huang H , Huff E M , Huterer D , Krause E , Kuropatkin N , Leget P-F , Lemos P , Liddle A R , McCullough J , Muir J , Myles J , Navarro-Alsina A , Pandey S , Park Y , Porredon A , Raveri M , Rodriguez-Monroy M , Rollins R P , Roodman A , Rosenfeld R , Ross A J , Sánchez C , Sanchez J , Secco L F , Sheldon E , Shin T , Troxel M A , Tutusaus I , Varga T N , Weaverdyck N , Wechsler R H , Yin B , Zhang Y , Zuntz J , Aguena M , Avila S , Bacon D , Bertin E , Bocquet S , Brooks D , García-Bellido J , Honscheid K , Jarvis M , Li T S , Mena-Fernández J , To C , Wilkinson R D ,   DES Collaboration
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
We study the effect of magnification in the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 analysis of galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing, using two different lens samples: a sample of luminous red galaxies, redMaGiC, and a sample with a redshift-dependent magnitude limit, MagLim. We account for the effect of magnification on both the flux and size selection of galaxies, accounting for systematic effects using the Balrog image simulations. We estimate the impact of magnification on the galaxy clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing cosmology analysis, finding it to be a significant systematic for the MagLim sample. We show cosmological constraints from the galaxy clustering autocorrelation and galaxy–galaxy lensing signal with different magnifications priors, finding broad consistency in cosmological parameters in ΛCDM and wCDM. However, when magnification bias amplitude is allowed to be free, we find the two-point correlation functions prefer a different amplitude to the fiducial input derived from the image simulations. We validate the magnification analysis by comparing the cross-clustering between lens bins with the prediction from the baseline analysis, which uses only the autocorrelation of the lens bins, indicating that systematics other than magnification may be the cause of the discrepancy. We show that adding the cross-clustering between lens redshift bins to the fit significantly improves the constraints on lens magnification parameters and allows uninformative priors to be used on magnification coefficients, without any loss of constraining power or prior volume concerns.
Outflow densities and ionization mechanisms in the NLRs of the prototypical Seyfert galaxies NGC 1068 and NGC 4151
Authors: Holden Luke R , Tadhunter Clive N 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Despite being thought to play an important role in galaxy evolution, the true impact of outflows driven by active galactic nuclei (AGNs) on their host galaxies is unclear. In part, this may be because electron densities of outflowing gas are often underestimated: recent studies that use alternative diagnostics have measured much higher densities than those from commonly used techniques and consequently find modest outflow masses and kinetic powers. Furthermore, outflow ionization mechanisms – which are often used to probe acceleration mechanisms – are also uncertain. To address these issues, we have analysed archival HST/STIS spectra of the inner regions (r &lt; 160 pc) of the nearby prototypical Seyfert galaxies NGC 1068 and NGC 4151, which show evidence of warm-ionized outflows driven by the central AGN. We derive high electron densities (103.6 &lt; ne &lt; 104.8 cm−3) using the transauroral [O ii] and [S ii] emission line ratios for the first time with spatially resolved observations. Moreover, we find evidence that the gas along the radio axis in NGC 1068 has a significant AGN-photoionized matter-bounded component, and there is evidence for shock-ionization and/or radiation-bounded AGN-photoionization along the radio axis in NGC 4151. We also note that the outflow extents are similar to those of the radio structures, consistent with acceleration by jet-induced shocks. Taken together, our investigation demonstrates the diversity of physical and ionization conditions in the narrow-line regions of Seyfert galaxies, and hence reinforces the need for robust diagnostics of outflowing gas densities and ionization mechanisms.
Successful treatment of refractory enteritis and arthritis with combination of tumour necrosis factor and interleukin-6 inhibition in patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Ishigaki Sho , Kondo Yasushi , Ota Yuichiro , Chu Po-Sung , Hanaoka Hironari , Takeuchi Tsutomu , Kaneko Yuko 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
An 18 year-old man with autoimmune hepatitis-primary sclerosing cholangitis-overlap syndrome and ulcerative colitis was admitted due to relapsed enteritis and polyarthritis after cessation of infliximab. Colonoscopy and articular ultrasonography revealed large ulcers in the colon with crypt abscess in the specimens and active enthesitis and synovitis, respectively. His intestinitis was improved with golimumab but arthritis was persistent. Golimumab was switched to secukinumab, which was effective for arthritis. However, colitis was flared resulting in total colorectal resection. One month after colectomy, polyarthritis was relapsed. Tocilizumab ameliorated arthritis but enteritis emerged again, and switching tocilizumab to adalimumab improved enteritis but arthritis exacerbated. Finally, we restarted tocilizumab for arthritis with continued adalimumab for enteritis. The dual cytokine blocking strategy, tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 inhibition, subsided both of his refractory enteritis and arthritis and maintained remission for more than 3 years without any serious adverse event. Our case suggests that enteritis and arthritis in inflammatory bowel disease may be different in pathophysiology and raises the possible usefulness of simultaneous inhibition of two inflammatory cytokines in such cases.