bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The UFM1 conjugation system in mammalian development
Authors: Yang Shuchun , Moy Nathan , Yang Rui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPosttranslational modifications by ubiquitin and ubiquitin‐like proteins are important in regulating cellular protein functions. UFM1 (ubiquitin‐fold modifier 1), first identified almost two decades ago, is a member of the ubiquitin‐like protein family. UFM1 is covalently conjugated to the target proteins in an enzymatic cascade consisting of E1 (activating), E2 (conjugating), and E3 (ligating) enzymes. At the molecular level, modification by UFM1 (UFMylation) is an important mediator of the protein function. Dysregulation of the UFM1 system, e.g., the knockout of UFMylation components, disturbs proteome homeostasis and triggers endoplasmic reticulum stress. Such changes are linked to developmental disorders, tumorigenesis, tissue injury, inflammation, and several hereditary neurological syndromes. This review will focus on the role of the UFMylation in animal development and associated congenital disorders. We will cover the hematopoietic system, liver, central nervous system, intestine, heart, kidney, immune, and skeletal system to provide insight into disease pathogenesis and shed light on possible novel therapeutic methods.
Feasibility and acceptability of a hospital‐at‐home program for adolescents with eating disorders: Making progress in community/family‐based treatments
Authors: Morón‐Nozaleda Maria Goretti , Yáñez Silvia , Camarneiro Ricardo Antonio , Gutiérrez‐Priego Silvia , Muñoz‐Domenjó Andrea , García‐López Cristina , Adrados García Sandra , Jiménez García Raquel , Trujillo Eva Maria , Faya Mar , Graell Montserrat 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the feasibility and acceptability of a novel hospital‐at‐home (HaH) program for adolescent patients with a severe eating disorder (ED).MethodRetrospective description of the program during its first year of activity. The feasibility construct is based on accessibility, recruitment, rate of retention, avoidance of hospital stays, and management of crisis situations. Caregivers completed a satisfaction questionnaire on discharge, including an item on perceived safety. All patients referred to the program were included.ResultsFifty‐nine female patients with a mean age of 14.69 years (SD = 1.67) were admitted. The mean stay was 39.14 days (SD = 14.47). On admission, 32.2% of patients presented nonsuicidal self‐harm behavior and 47.5% had comorbid mental disorders. All patients were screened in the first 48 h after referral, and the program retention rate was 91.52%. As for use of health services, 2016.03 hospital stays were avoided, and only 16.12% of the 31 calls received for urgent care required emergency department visits. Families gave the program an overall satisfaction score of 4.95/5, and all described it as “very safe.”DiscussionThe HaH program described is a feasible and acceptable care model in adolescents with severe EDs and comorbidities. Effectiveness studies should be performed.Public SignificanceEating disorders are a major concern for public health. The adolescent HaH program presented marks an advance in intensive community treatments for patients with severe EDs and comorbidities.
Toward a more comprehensive understanding and support of parents with a child experiencing an eating disorder
Authors: Wilksch Simon M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe majority of eating disorder (ED) carer research has been conducted with parents of adult patients, using qualitative methodologies, focusing on carer burden and distress during treatment. This article aimed to use results from a large, national, quantitative survey of parents of child or adolescent patients as a springboard for encouraging a more comprehensive investigation of parent experiences.MethodsThe online survey assessed treatment experiences and parent distress (DASS‐21) but also less commonly investigated topics including symptom detection, experiences with primary care providers, and impacts on parent physical and psychological health, romantic relationship, finances, and employment.ResultsKey findings included parents (N = 439; 91.6% female): were the first person to notice the ED symptoms in 81.8% of cases; had only a 14.7% chance of a helpful experience with both the first general practitioner and first therapist they saw; needed to see M = 3.55 therapists before finding one that could help; reported worse than normal psychological health (96.0%), physical health (70.5%), and romantic relationship (92.7%); required M = 70.06 days leave from work to care for their child (per household); and 91.8% accessed treatment in the private sector with median out‐of‐pocket expenses of AUD 10,0001–AUD 20,000.DiscussionRecommendations to address research and practice gaps include: increased focus on supporting initial symptom detection; improving primary care and treatment experiences; and, increasing the number of ED treatment providers. Urgently needed are solutions to the overwhelming demand for services and clearly, more support for parents. Such strategies are vital for reducing the overall burden of EDs.Public SignificanceMost eating disorder (ED) caregiver research has focused on experiences of supporting adult patients during treatment. This article used a large national survey to explore parent experiences of their child or adolescent's ED in less commonly investigated areas, such as detection, primary care, impact on parent physical and psychological health, romantic relationship, employment and finances. Findings suggested mixed experiences with health care providers and a very significant toll of the illness on the domains measured. Recommendations were provided for how these important areas can be addressed.
Polymer‐Lipid Matrices based on Carboxymethyl Cellulose/Solagum and Liposomes for Controlled Release of Folic Acid
Authors: Batinić Petar M. , Đorđević Verica B. , Obradović Nataša S. , Krstić Aleksandar D. , Stevanović Sanja I. , Balanč Bojana D. , Marković Smilja B. , Pjanović Rada V. , Mijin Dušan Ž. , Bugarski Branko M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLiposome‐encapsulated folic acid is incorporated into the films made from sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (2 mas%) and a mixture of CMC and solagum (9:1 w/w) using the film‐forming cast solution method. Histidine is used to increase solubility for folic acid in liposomes (1–5 mg mL−1), and propylene glycol is used as a film plasticizer (2.6 mas%). The obtained films (50–60 µm tick) containing 3.12–20.19 mg of folic acid per gram of film are envisaged to be used as patches for transdermal delivery of folic acid. Therefore, some physical, mechanical, release and structural attributes of the films are scrutinized. Folic acid gives yellow color to the films and contributes to stronger chemical bonds which result in improved strength of the film. Liposomes prolong the release of folic acid from films to 24 h without adverse effects on mechanical properties of the films, but degrade homogeneity of the films, which can be ascribed to its agglomeration within the film matrix as revealed by atomic force microscopy. According to the release at pH 5.5, the film formulation based on a blend of CMC and solagum containing 3 mg mL−1 liposome‐encapsulated folic acid is recommended.Practical Application: Folic acid is effective in reducing oxidative stress levels in the skin and neutralizing the harmful free radicals and is also essential for various metabolic reactions in the body. However, the limited solubility of folic acid linked with its poor absorption in an organism, low storage stability, short half‐life upon oral consumption, specific food preferences of some people, extensive liver metabolism, and pregnancy‐induced vomiting point to a large potential in transdermal usage of folic acid. This has motivated us to design new multicomponent polymer‐lipid systems as an alternative solution to overcome some of these drawbacks. The results obtained for these multicomponent films pointed to their potential for prolonged release of folic acid to 24 h, which can also be useful for scientists interested in encapsulating similar poorly soluble compounds in CMC patches. The finding can be also valuable information for pharmaceutical manufacturers and scientists worldwide.
Yoga and massage are associated with small experimental placebo effects in chronic orofacial pain
Authors: Yin Margaret , Muhammed Salim A. , Wang Yang , Colloca Luana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundComplementary and Integrative Health Approaches (CIHA), including but not limited to, natural products and Mind and Body Practices (MBPs), are promising non‐pharmacological adjuvants to the arsenal of pain management therapeutics. We aim to establish possible relationships between use of CIHA and the capacity of descending pain modulatory system in the form of occurrence and magnitude of placebo effects in a laboratory setting.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study investigated the relationship between self‐reported use of CIHA, pain disability, and experimentally induced placebo hypoalgesia in chronic pain participants suffering from Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD). In the 361 enrolled TMD participants, placebo hypoalgesia was measured using a well‐established paradigm with verbal suggestions and conditioning cues paired with distinct heat painful stimulations. Pain disability was measured with the Graded Chronic Pain Scale, and use of CIHA were recorded with a checklist as part of the medical history.ResultsUse of physically oriented MBPs (e.g., yoga and massage) was associated with reduced placebo effects (F1,2110.44 = 23.15, p < 0.001, Cohen's d = 0.171). Further, linear regressions indicated that greater number of physically oriented MBPs predicted smaller placebo effects (β = −0.17, p = 0.002), and less likelihood of being a placebo responder (OR = 0.70, p = 0.004). Use of psychologically oriented MBPs and natural product were not associated with placebo effects magnitude and responsiveness.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that use of physically oriented CIHA was associated with experimental placebo effects possibly through an optimized capability to recognize distinct somatosensorial stimulations. Future research is needed to understand the mechanisms underlying placebo‐induced pain modulation in CIHA users.SignificanceChronic pain participants who use physically oriented mind–body practices, such as yoga and massage, demonstrated attenuated experimentally induced placebo hypoalgesia in comparison with those who do not use them. This finding disentangled the relationship between use of complementary and integrative approaches and placebo effects, providing the potential therapeutic perspective of endogenous pain modulation in chronic pain management.
Efficacy of open‐label counterconditioning for reducing nocebo effects on pressure pain
Authors: Meijer Simone , Karacaoglu Merve , van Middendorp Henriët , Veldhuijzen Dieuwke S. , Jensen Karin B. , Peerdeman Kaya J. , Evers Andrea W. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundNocebo effects can adversely affect the experience of physical symptoms, such as pain and itch. Nocebo effects on itch and pain have shown to be induced by conditioning with thermal heat stimuli and reduced by counterconditioning. However, open‐label counterconditioning, in which participants are informed about the placebo content of the treatment, has not been investigated, while this can be highly relevant for clinical practice. Furthermore, (open‐label) conditioning and counterconditioning has not been investigated for pain modalities relevant to musculoskeletal disorders, such as pressure pain.MethodsIn a randomized controlled trial, we investigated in 110 healthy female participants whether nocebo effects on pressure pain combined with open‐label verbal suggestions can be (1) induced via conditioning and (2) reduced via counterconditioning. Participants were allocated to either a nocebo‐ or sham‐conditioning group. Next, the nocebo group was allocated to either counterconditioning, extinction or continued nocebo conditioning; sham conditioning was followed by placebo conditioning.ResultsNocebo effects were significantly larger after nocebo conditioning than sham conditioning (d = 1.27). Subsequently, a larger reduction of the nocebo effect was found after counterconditioning than after extinction (d = 1.02) and continued nocebo conditioning (d = 1.66), with effects similar to placebo conditioning (following sham conditioning).ConclusionsThese results show that (counter)conditioning combined with open‐label suggestions can modulate nocebo effects on pressure pain, which provides promise in designing learning‐based treatments to reduce nocebo effects in patients with chronic pain disorders, particularly for musculoskeletal disorders.SignificanceFew studies have investigated the efficacy counterconditioning to reduce nocebo effects. Whereas typically deceptive procedures are used, these are not ethically appropriate for use in clinical practice. The current study demonstrates that open‐label counterconditioning in a pain modality relevant for many chronic pain conditions may be a promising new strategy for reducing nocebo effects in a non‐deceptive and ethical manner, which provides promise in designing learning‐based treatments to reduce nocebo effects in patients with chronic pain disorders.
Selection of phage‐displayed antibodies with high affinity and specificity by electrophoresis in microfluidic devices
Authors: Sanluis‐Verdes Anahí , Peñaherrera Ana , Torán José L. , Rosero Gustavo , Noriega María A. , Lerner Betiana , Pérez Maximiliano , Casasnovas José M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA method development aimed for high‐throughput and automated antibody screening holds great potential for areas ranging from fundamental molecular interactions to the discovery of novel disease markers, therapeutic targets, and monoclonal antibody engineering. Surface display techniques enable efficient manipulation of large molecular libraries in small volumes. Specifically, phage display appeared as a powerful technology for selecting peptides and proteins with enhanced, target‐specific binding affinities. Here, we present a phage‐selection microfluidic device wherein electrophoresis was performed under two orthogonal electric fields through an agarose gel functionalized with the respective antigen. This microdevice was capable of screening and sorting in a single round high‐affinity phage‐displayed antibodies against virus glycoproteins, including human immunodeficiency virus‐1 glycoprotein 120 or the Ebola virus glycoprotein (EBOV‐GP). Phages were differentially and laterally swept depending on their antigen affinity; the high‐affinity phages were recovered at channels proximal to the application site, whereas low‐affinity phages migrated distal after electrophoresis. These experiments proved that the microfluidic device specifically designed for phage‐selection is rapid, sensitive, and effective. Therefore, this is an efficient and cost‐effective method that allowed highly controlled assay conditions for isolating and sorting high‐affinity ligands displayed in phages.
Emotional experience elicited by direct electrical stimulation: Case series and literature review
Authors: Hao Guiliang , Zhou Xiaoxia , Yan Hao , Wang Xueyuan , Qiao Liang , Ni Duanyu , Shu Wei , Yu Tao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe cortical representation of emotions is complex, and cortical mapping of emotional experience is incomplete. We aimed to contribute to cortical mapping of emotional experience.MethodsClinical data from 400 patients with medically refractory epilepsy who underwent stereo‐electroencephalography implantation for localization of the epileptogenic zone at the Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery between October 2015 and June 2021 were collected retrospectively. Furthermore, we reviewed studies that described cortical mapping of emotional experience through electrical cortical stimulation (ECS). Affective responses similar to ictal aura and electrode contacts located in the SOZ were excluded to investigate emotional experiences in normal brain regions.ResultsEmotional experiences were evoked by stimulation at 10 electrode contacts in the seven patients, including five contacts that evoked mirth and excitement, one contact that evoked calmness, three contacts that evoked fear, and one contact that evoked sadness. In addition, 21 studies that evaluated emotional experiences in response to cortical electrical stimulation were reviewed. Emotions were distributed in the amygdala, hippocampus, temporal lobe, frontal lobe, insula, frontal operculum, parietal operculum, and cingulate cortex.SignificanceWe provided additional evidence that brain regions including the amygdala, hippocampus, temporal lobe, frontal lobe, insula, frontal operculum, parietal operculum, and cingulate cortex were associated with emotional experience.
Identification methods of material‐based damping for cracked reinforced concrete beam models
Authors: Chambreuil Clotilde , Giry Cédric , Ragueneau Frédéric , Léger Pierre 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeismic performance evaluation in structural design requires the use of sophisticated numerical models. In particular, to accurately represent the non‐linear behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) structures when subjected to dynamic loadings, the energy dissipation mechanisms must be accurately represented. However, the classical viscous damping models, which are still widely used, are not based on physical considerations at the material level and the choice of damping parameters is often arbitrary. This paper, thus, proposes a time‐domain damping identification method based on equivalent single‐degree‐of‐freedom (SDOF) systems. The methodology is developed using either an updated linear model or a non‐linear energy‐dissipating constitutive model. Energy dissipative phenomena are cracking, friction and unilateral effects upon crack closure. Both models allow the identification of different damping transient variations: (i) With the updated linear model, intrinsic damping ratios and frequencies are identified to define a simple generic damping model, and (ii) with the non‐linear constitutive model, the identified viscous damping ratios represent the dissipative phenomena not described by the material model. The aim is to propose simple models that can be used by anyone to complement their own models. Applying the method to experimental data allows evaluating effective damping ratio transient variations as functions of variables representative of non‐linear behaviour. It is shown that it is possible to accurately model the energy dissipation that is missing in the non‐linear dynamic constitutive models through effective viscous damping models based on dissipative phenomena internal variables.
Glacier structure influence on Himalayan ice‐front morphology
Authors: Peacey Matthew W. , Reynolds John M. , Holt Tom O. , Glasser Neil F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate the role of glacier structures in controlling ice‐front morphology and dynamics of four Himalayan lake‐terminating glaciers over a 20‐year period. At Imja, Trakarding, Lumdin and Dang Pu glaciers, lake area was mapped between 2000 and 2020 using Landsat 5/7/8 and Sentinel‐2 imagery. Discrete glacier flow units were identified, with glacier structures (e.g., open crevasses, transverse structures, longitudinal structures) digitised using the finest resolution panchromatic bands in each year (30, 15, or 10 m). Mapping revealed a distinct pattern of transverse structures towards the terminus of each glacier that influence ice‐front position and morphology and are then exploited via iceberg calving events. Our structural analysis also illustrates the role of subsurface conduits in calving events. During subsurface conduit collapse, glacier recession is enhanced, leading to calving along adjacent transverse structures. Furthermore, our analysis shows that ice‐front morphology influences the pattern of glacier recession. Ice fronts with distinct ice aprons undergo slower periods of recession than ice fronts with ice cliffs. We conclude that glacier structures are important in determining ice‐front morphologies at lake‐terminating Himalayan glaciers, and therefore, structural analysis is vital when assessing future ice‐front positions and behaviour, as well as rates of glacier recession.
Remote sensing of laboratory rivers
Authors: Leenman Anya S. , Eaton Brett C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRemote sensing enables us to measure fluvial systems without disrupting their dynamics. Small‐scale physical models of rivers allow us to observe their geomorphic evolution, but we need remote sensing methods to monitor these laboratory landscapes without altering their flow or topography, just as with field‐scale rivers. In this paper, we review how experimental geomorphologists have adapted remote sensing for the laboratory. We consider how remote methods to monitor model topography, flow depth, velocity and planform have been employed, enabling uninterrupted experimental evolution. We also explore the transfer of techniques between field‐scale and experimental remote sensing; the controlled conditions in the lab aided the development of some methods, while others benefited from airborne deployment. We consider recent developments offered by laboratory remote sensing, including through‐water laser scanning and adaptations of structure‐from‐motion photogrammetry; we also consider new challenges associated with these developments, such as computational power. Finally, we discuss new research problems that laboratory remote sensing is opening up to geomorphology. We hope this review will be useful for experimentalists seeking to collect data remotely, continuously and/or cost‐effectively.
Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of two Costa Rican cultivars of ber (Ziziphus mauritiana): An underexploited crop in the American tropic
Authors: Cubero‐Román Eric , Carvajal‐Miranda Yendry , Rodríguez Gerardo , Álvarez‐Valverde Victor , Jiménez‐Bonilla Pablo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBer is an antioxidant‐rich fruit from Asia and has recently been cultured in Central America. The antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity of Z. mauritiana cultured of bers from Guanacaste, Costa Rica, were evaluated. Two farm locations and two cultivars were evaluated. Total polyphenolic compounds (TPC), proanthocyanidin compounds (PAC), and ascorbic acid were spectrophotometrically quantified. Antioxidant activity has been analyzed using the DPPH method. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the Kirby‐Bauer disk diffusion method. Ber samples contained 11–44 mg GAE/g TPC. Green fruits and leaves had the highest concentrations. The ascorbic acid concentration in ber fruits was determined between 251 and 466 mg/100 g. Ber vitamin C content is higher than most common fruits. Proanthocyanidin compounds were determined between 1.8 and 9.9 mg 4‐MCG/g, and the highest concentration was observed in the leaves. Our samples showed the antioxidant activity of 90–387 μmol TE/g, which was moderate activity. The nutritional quality of ber fruits was related to maturity conditions. The ber fruits, a crop from Asia previously adapted to live in Costa Rica, are rich in vitamin C and TPC, and the concentration of those metabolites was even higher than the concentration reported in bers grown in other countries. The TPC and PACs had an interestingly wide antimicrobial spectrum. Cultivars and farm locations have a significant effect on metabolite production.