bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active carbon-based waste packaging materials for uranium sorption from aqueous solution
Authors: Elzoghby Amir , Fahmy Hager , Taha Mohamed , Ibrahim Saber 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWaste (packaging plastic and industrial water) accumulation is one of the great global challenges over the world. Combining waste recycling science and water treatment knowledge are fascinating as applied sciences add value to the safe disposal of waste plastic packaging materials and wastewater. Active carbons (ACs) are prepared from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) at two pyrolysis temperatures (i.e. 450 and 500 °C) and compressed in well-defined designed molds to form cylinder shapes as applied in industry. Particle size (817 and 1074 nm), zeta potential (− 7.17 and − 25.6 mV), surface area (544 and 632 m2/g), and topography of prepared ACs were investigated and discussed. Zeta potential exhibited nice dispersion in accordance to charge value and surficial SEM images prove space hole filling with adsorbed materials after treatment. The prepared activated carbon sorbents have been applied for the removal of radioactive elements from wastewater. The displayed data declare that both sorbents have the same sorption performance, whereas the uranium sorption process using both sorbents is obeyed to pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model. Nevertheless, it is worth noting that the prepared AC at a pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C exhibits higher sorption capacity (38.9 mg g−1) than that prepared at lower temperature, i.e., 450 °C (36.2 mg g−1) which indicates that the increase in pyrolysis temperature improves the sorption characteristics of the yield-activated carbon.
Effective bioremediation of clarithromycin and diclofenac in wastewater by microbes and Arundo donax L
Authors: Ercoli Laura , Rossetto Rudy , Di Giorgi Sabrina , Raffaelli Andrea , Nuti Marco , Pellegrino Elisa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBioremediation
of pharmaceuticals has gained large research efforts, but there is still a need to improve the performance of bioremediation systems by selecting effective organisms. In this study, we characterized the capability to remove clarithromycin (CLA) and diclofenac (DCF) by the bacterium Streptomyces rochei, and the fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Trametes versicolor. The macrolide antibiotic CLA and the non-steroid anti-inflammatory DCF were selected because these are two of the most frequently detected drugs in water bodies. Growth and content of the PhCs and a DCF metabolite (MET) by the energy crop Arundo donax L. were also evaluated under hydroponic conditions. The removal rate (RR) by S. rochei increased from 24 to 40% at 10 and 100 µg CLA L−1, respectively, averaged over incubation times. At 144 h, the RR by P. chrysosporium was 84%, while by T. versicolor was 70 and 45% at 10 and 100 CLA µg L−1. The RR by S. rochei did not exceed 30% at 1 mg DCF L−1 and reached 60% at 10 mg DCF L−1, whereas approached 95% and 63% by P. chrysosporium and T. versicolor, respectively, at both doses. Root biomass and length of A. donax were strongly affected at 100 µg CLA L−1. CLA concentration in roots and shoots increased with the increase of the dose and translocation factor (TF) was about 1. DCF severely affected both shoot fresh weight and root length at the highest dose and concentration in roots and shoots increased with the increase of the dose. DCF concentrations were 16–19 times higher in roots than in shoots, and TF was about 0.1. MET was detected only in roots and its proportion over the parent compound decreased with the increase of the DCF dose. This study highlights the potential contribution of A. donax and the tested microbial inoculants for improving the effectiveness of bioremediation systems for CLA and DCF removal.
Modelling hydrogen production from biomass pyrolysis for energy systems using machine learning techniques
Authors: García-Nieto Paulino José , García-Gonzalo Esperanza , Paredes-Sánchez Beatriz María , Paredes-Sánchez José Pablo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the context of Industry 4.0, hydrogen gas is becoming more significant to energy feedstocks in the world. The current work researches a novel artificial smart model for characterising hydrogen gas production (HGP) from biomass composition and the pyrolysis process based on an intriguing approach that uses support vector machines (SVMs) in conjunction with the artificial bee colony (ABC) optimiser. The main results are the significance of each physico-chemical parameter on the hydrogen gas production through innovative modelling and the foretelling of the HGP. Additionally, when this novel technique was employed on the observed dataset, a coefficient of determination and correlation coefficient equal to 0.9464 and 0.9751 were reached for the HGP estimate, respectively. The correspondence between observed data and the ABC/SVM-relied approximation showed the suitable effectiveness of this procedure.
Modeling Alumina Feeding With the µ(I)-Rheology
Authors: Gylver Sindre Engzelius , Einarsrud Kristian Etienne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEfficient feeding and dissolution of alumina are necessary in order to maintain a stable Hall–Héroult process. One dose of alumina contains several thousand grains, and simulating the motion of individual particles is in practice impossible. The current work proposes to model the alumina dose through a continuous formulation, using the µ(I)-rheology. The rheology is implemented as a viscosity model in OpenFOAM and initial verification cases showed an average deviation below 0.1 pct, and a benchmark case had an average deviation of 7.4 pct. A parametric study, where grains were simulated to collapse on a flat surface identified the two rheology parameters $$\mu _2$$

μ
2

and $$I_{\text{0}}$$

I
0

to be of particular importance, accounting for more than 70 pct of the variation seen. Finally, three-phase cases simulating the feeding of a dose in cryolite were conducted, and the µ(I)-rheology was able to let the parts of the dose disperse into the melt and detach, which is in accordance with what has been seen in experiments. The current work was also able to couple the model with an earlier developed solidification model, hence, creating a framework for developing a full model for alumina feeding.
Orientability through the algebraic multiplicity
Authors: López-Gómez Julián , Sampedro Juan Carlos 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper establishes some hidden connections between the theory of generalized algebraic multiplicities, $$\chi $$
χ
, and the notion of orientability of vector bundles. The novel approach adopted in it facilitates the definition of several invariants closely related to the first Stiefel–Whitney characteristic class through some path integration techniques.
Cribriform Morular Thyroid Carcinoma – Ultimobranchial Pouch-Related? Deep Molecular Insights of a Unique Case
Authors: Dettmer Matthias S. , Hürlimann Sandra , Scheuble Lukas , Vassella Erik , Perren Aurel , Wicke Corinna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A 44-year-old female patient with a familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) was diagnosed with a cribriform morular thyroid carcinoma (CMTC). We observed within the very necrotic tumor a small but distinct poorly differentiated carcinomatous component. As expected, next generation sequencing of both components revealed a homozygous APC mutation and in addition, a TERT promoter mutation. A TP53 mutation was found exclusively in the CMTC part, while the poorly differentiated component showed a clonal evolution, harboring an activating PIK3CA mutation and copy number gains of BRCA2, FGF23, FGFR1, and PIK3CB—alterations which are typically seen in squamous cell carcinoma. The mutational burden in both components was low, and there was no evidence for microsatellite instability. No mutations involving the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, typically seen in papillary thyroid carcinomas, were detected. Immunohistochemically, all tumor parts were negative for thyroglobulin, providing further evidence that this entity does not belong to the follicular epithelial cell-derived thyroid carcinoma group. CD5 was negative in the poorly differentiated component, making a relation to intrathyroidal thymic carcinoma rather unlikely. However, since this marker was seen in the morules, a loss in the poorly differentiated component and a relation to the ultimobranchial body cannot be excluded either. After total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation, the patient was disease-free with no residual tumor burden on 2-year follow-up.
Examining the impact of urban compactness on work and social life disruption during COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Nugraha Usep , Resosudarmo Budy P. , Nasrudin Rus’an 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has hit urban areas particularly hard, yet there is a lack of research on the hypothesis that living in more compact cities can provide better support for work and social conditions during the pandemic. This study addresses this gap by examining whether city compactness can mitigate the negative impact of the pandemic on the work and social life of urban residents in Jakarta, Indonesia. The study uses a household phone survey combined with publicly available urban form data. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, supplemented with a matching technique to address potential selection bias, is employed. The results suggest that living in more compact locations can reduce the disruption to work and social life associated with COVID-19 in urban communities. This positive effect is particularly experienced by males, non-migrants, and individuals from wealthy families.
The Economic Performance of Reunited Families in Switzerland, 2013–2018
Authors: Galeano Juan , Gerber Roxane 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFamily migration has gained prominence as one of the main reasons for international mobility in both Switzerland and the rest of western European countries. However, research aimed at evaluating the economic performance of reunited families has been constrained by the unavailability of individual income and/or household composition data. The joint use of population registers and information about individuals’ social security contributions has allowed us to overcome this limitation. Using transition matrices and logistic models, we assess the economic performance of reunited families at the household level and evaluate differences based on the region of birth of the person initiating the process, as well as the financial situation of these families 5 years after the reunion. The results show a process of economic convergence between the three groups under analysis despite the initial differences in the income level of families, and that most reunited families achieve satisfactory living conditions. They also highlight the hybrid nature of Swiss-headed reunited families, which initially resemble those headed by a non-EU/EFTA person, in terms of the contributions their members make to the household income, but after 5 years they contribute similarly to EU/EFTA headed reunited families.
Vice Explanations for Conspiracism, Fundamentalism, and Extremism
Authors: Peels Rik 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the literature on conspiracism, fundamentalism, and extremism, we find so-called vice explanations for the extreme behavior and extreme beliefs that they involve. These are explanations in terms of people’s character traits, like arrogance, vengefulness, closed-mindedness, and dogmatism. However, such vice explanations face the so-called situationist challenge, which argues based on various experiments that either there are no vices or that they are not robust. Behavior and belief, so is the idea, are much better explained by appeal to numerous situational factors, like one’s mood or how orderly one’s environment is. This paper explores the situationist challenge to vice explanations for conspiracism, fundamentalism, and extremism in more detail by assessing the empirical evidence, analyzing the argumentation based on it, and drawing conclusions for where this leaves vice explanations. The main conclusion is that vice explanations for such extreme behavior and extreme beliefs need to be fine-tuned on various points, but that there is no reason to think that they have been discredited by empirical evidence. Moreover, the situationist challenge shows that sensitivity is needed for distinguishing when vice explanations for conspiracism, fundamentalism, and extremism are appropriate, when appeal to situational factors is more fitting, and when the two can be combined.
Experimental evaluation of the water-based enhanced oil recovery methods in ultra-tight reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Xiangchun , Luo Zixuan , Liu Junlong , Wang Jinghua , Shafieezadeh M. Mehdi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWater-based enhanced oil recovery methods have been developed to improve the oil production rate from ultra-tight reservoirs. By coupling the effect of surfactant as wettability alteration and water alternating gas injection method, we aimed to determine the most efficient enhanced oil recovery technique. We performed seven injectivity scenarios to measure the oil recovery factor by introducing the alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (LABSA) as a surfactant agent during the active carbonated water alternating gas (ACWAG) injection. To consider the effect of slug size during water alternating gas injection, we used two different slug sizes (0.3, and 0.6). After the water breakthrough, a little oil volume was produced, and the maximum oil recovery factor at 1.5 Pore Volume (PV) was 26%. This issue corresponded to the water channeling after the breakthrough point. For smaller slug sizes (0.3), the maximum oil recovery factor (78%) was reached in smaller pore volumes. One of the exciting results wass the considerable influence of slug ratio during the water alternating gas (WAG) injection, in which it provided more oil recovery factor (83%) when the gas volume is higher than the water volume. Finally, by introducing the coupling effect of active carbonated water (made by LABSA surfactant) and WAG injection, the maximum oil recovery factor was 85%, corresponding to the better efficiency of active carbonated water in interfacial tension reduction. The results of this comprehensive investigation can be extended in ultra-tight sandstone reservoirs and can be applied as a further guideline in numerical simulations.
Graphical abstract
Organisational structure configurations, their application and contribution to business performance in Greek shipping companies
Authors: Lazakis Iraklis , Van Der Meer Robert 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The maritime industry is the cornerstone of the transportation of goods worldwide, offering safe, secure and environmentally friendly operations. Greek-owned and managed shipping companies and their successful performance can also be attributed to their unique organisational structure. The present paper explores the operational and theoretical organisational features in relation to Greek shipping companies and establishes to which extent these contribute to their business performance. Primary and secondary sources of information are considered while also employing semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Two shipping companies each with a diverse fleet of vessels are examined through the development of 8 organisational structures and 12 company structural elements. It is found that Greek shipping companies’ structure is described by a hybrid organisational framework, combining the family-oriented strong leadership, internal company bonds, solid management, rapid adaptation to change and the attraction of loyal investors. Company A should further streamline the specialist organisational elements within operations (bunkering and chartering), technical and corporate functions (commercial, finance, training, IT, HR, insurance and legal) department while company B should upgrade the finance (accounts and invoice controls teams), HSQE (health, safety, environment, quality), operations (chartering element) and technical (purchasing, new building and performance teams) departments.
Effects of Nutrition and Exercise Interventions on Persons with Sarcopenic Obesity: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Reiter Lea , Bauer Silvia , Traxler Mariella , Schoufour Josje D. , Weijs Peter J. M. , Cruz-Jentoft Alfonso , Topinková Eva , Eglseer Doris 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is an increasing phenomenon and has been linked to several negative health consequences. The aim of this umbrella review is the assessment of effectiveness and certainty of evidence of nutrition and exercise interventions in persons with SO.

Method
We searched for meta-analyses of RCTs in PubMed, EMBASE and CENTRAL that had been conducted in the last five years, focusing on studies on the treatment and prevention of SO. The primary endpoints were parameters for SO, such as body fat in %, skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI), gait speed, leg strength and grip strength. The methodological quality was evaluated using AMSTAR and the certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE.

Results
Four systematic reviews with between 30 to 225 participants were included in the umbrella review. These examined four exercise interventions, two nutrition interventions and four interventions that combined nutrition and exercise. Resistance training was the most frequently studied intervention and was found to improve gait speed by 0.14 m/s to 0.17 m/s and lower leg strength by 9.97 kg. Resistance, aerobic, mixed exercise and hypocaloric diet combined with protein supplementation is not significantly effective on selected outcomes for persons with SO compared to no intervention. The low number of primary studies included in the reviews resulted in moderate to very low certainty of evidence.

Conclusion
Despite the lack in certainty of evidence, resistance training may be a suitable intervention for persons with SO, in particular for improving muscle function. Nevertheless, further research is necessary to strengthen the evidence.
Modeling evaporation with a meshfree collocation approach
Authors: Lee JungHoon , Bäder Dirk , Rehfeldt Sebastian , Eisenträger Almut , Kuhnert Jörg , Michel Isabel , Suchde Pratik , Klein Harald 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a new model for the below-boiling point evaporation process with a meshfree collocation method is developed. In order to capture the phase change process, two different approaches are proposed: multi-phase and single-phase. First, a multi-phase approach is considered, where a novel mass transfer model assumes that the diffusion driven by the vapor concentration gradient in the air phase near the interface is the primary driving force for the mass transfer between phases as both the liquid water and air/vapor phases are simulated. Then, a water-only single-phase approach is also proposed, in which only the liquid water phase is simulated. For this, appropriate free surface boundary conditions are developed based on the convective mass transfer theory to model evaporation and incorporate airflow effects without explicitly simulating the air phase. In order to validate the proposed models, a series of experiments with varying air temperature, relative humidity, and airflow rate is conducted. The numerical results show a good agreement with the evaporation rate measured in the experiments. The multi-phase simulations agree better with the experiments, while the single-phase simulations also produce good results with a much lower computational effort.
Bi-preference linkage-driven artificial bee colony algorithm with multi-operator fusion
Authors: Yu Haibo , Kang Yaxin , Kang Li , Zeng Jianchao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) struggles in handling complex optimization problems with high dimensions in light of its search operators’ strong exploration and weak exploitation properties. To tackle this situation, in this study, we propose a bi-preference linkage-driven ABC algorithm with multi-operator fusion, named BPLABC. BPLABC couples a preference-free stochastic search operator with a global best-guided search operator in the employed bee phase to maintain the population diversity while enhancing the population quality. During the onlooker bee phase, a tailored bi-type elite-guided exploitation mechanism is employed to regulate the exploitation intensity of the promising elite nectar sources selected via a new roulette selection probability calculation paradigm. To discourage the onlooker bees from slipping into local traps, after the scout bee phase, an auxiliary adversarial search operator is assembled to tug certain promising elite solutions away from the present pseudo-global best solution. To illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of BPLABC, two sets of test suits consisting of 23 benchmark problems, 30 complex CEC2014 functions, and two real-world problems are picked for testing. Experimental results showed that BPLABC can achieve superior or equivalent performance to several representative ABC variants on the majority of the tested problems.
Enacting Culturally Relevant Pedagogy when “Mathematics Has No Color”: Epistemological Contradictions
Authors: Shultz Mollee , Close Eleanor , Nissen Jayson , Van Dusen Ben 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCulturally relevant pedagogy (CRP) seeks to improve equity in instruction and leverage students’ experiences by promoting academic success, cultural competence, and sociopolitical consciousness. We examine instructors’ perceptions of student identity to understand the ways undergraduate mathematics instructors are enacting or experiencing barriers to enacting CRP. Interviews with ten mathematics faculty at Hispanic-serving institutions identified two potential barriers to enacting CRP: first, instructors’ hesitance to communicate about student identity, especially with respect to race and gender; and second, instructors holding epistemologies that mathematics is culture-free. Despite these barriers, almost all interviewees implemented the academic success tenet of CRP. These barriers may prevent instruction around cultural competence and sociopolitical consciousness, which are the two tenets that most capitalize on students’ informal knowledge, identities, and cultural experiences. Changing discourse by taking more risks in conversation and inviting a more diverse range of people to the undergraduate mathematics community are potential ways to address these barriers.