bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syncopal storm in an elderly patient: unraveling the mechanism—a case report
Authors: Vijay Soorampally , Patodia Ansul , Lokhandwala Yash 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple episodes of syncope in rapid succession are extremely rare, and syncope in the elderly has multiple potential mechanisms. Even though the electrophysiology study has little role in patients with syncope who have structurally normal hearts, the history of syncope preceded by palpitations was a red-flag symptom that made us go ahead with the electrophysiology study (EP) that revealed the ultimate diagnosis of typical atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT), which was documented to be associated with critical hypotension.

Case presentation
A 78-year-old man with a history of hypertension experienced a ‘Syncopal Storm,’ with four episodes within 15 min. There was no history to suggest common etiologies like postural hypotension or vasovagal syncope. The examination, ECG, and echocardiogram were normal. In view of the nasty sequence and a history of syncope preceded by palpitations, we conducted an electrophysiology study. Surprisingly, typical AVNRT at 190 bpm was easily and repeatedly induced with atrial extrastimuli. During the AVNRT, the systolic BP fell from 160 to 40 mm Hg with the development of presyncope. No ventricular tachycardia was inducible despite vigorous ventricular stimulation protocol. Radiofrequency ablation was performed successfully. The patient was symptom-free after 6 months of follow-up.

Conclusion
We report a unique case of a syncopal storm due to AVNRT in the setting of a structurally normal heart. The syncopal storm is a rare but ominous presentation of AVNRT. The cause of syncope was a combination of a high heart rate, loss of atrioventricular synchrony, and an impaired autonomic vasomotor response, causing severe hypotension.
Creating Digital Sci-Fi Narratives through Multimodal Composing to Promote Adolescent Students’ STEM Education
Authors: Ran Hua , Shen Ji , Smith Blaine E , Wang Changzhao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMuch research has examined the incorporation of academic and scientific writing in science learning. However, less research has applied a narrative approach that represents events in a time sequence. Furthermore, modern technology has greatly extended students’ modes of science expression beyond the printed texts. Yet, connecting students’ rich experience in digital storytelling with their academic learning in science is still an area of needed research. This study focused on analyzing the products students generated as a way to examine how they integrated science in their multimodal sci-fi narratives. These narratives were created in a program designed to engage adolescents in integrated STEM and digital literacy learning. More specifically, this study developed a two-dimensional framework (science and integration) to evaluate the 35 products produced by 136 participants in 5 iterations of the program. Content and thematic analyses revealed that a wide variety of sophisticated mechanisms was applied for science integration, including: (1) building connections among diverse science topics; (2) leveraging innovative narrative techniques; (3) responding critically to socio-scientific problems; and (4) designing and redesigning multimodal elements.
Relation between electrical compound action potential measures and speech perception in cochlear implanted children: audiological and phonological outcomes
Authors: Basiony Nada Ahmed , El-Mahallawi Trandil Hassan , Ahmed Shaima Mohamed Elsayed , El-Gharib Amani Mohammed , Essawy Wessam Mostafa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To study ECAP measures (threshold and amplitude growth function 'AGF') in children CI users and find the relation between these ECAP measures and speech outcomes using audiological and phonological assessment.

Subjects and method
Twenty-one children were unilaterally implanted with Medel CI, and all subjects were submitted to phonological assessment, basic audiological assessment, speech recognition tests (WRS and BKB-SIN) and Medel maestro software measures (IFT, AutoART and AGF measures "thresholds and slopes" across apical, middle and basal electrodes).

Results
This study demonstrated no statistically significant difference between AGF thresholds at apical, middle and basal electrodes and a statistically significant difference between AGF slopes at apical and both middle and basal electrodes. There was no statistically significant correlation between the ECAP threshold and speech perception tests. In contrast, a positive statistically significant correlation was found between the AGF slope of the apical electrode and word recognition score, and a negative statistically significant correlation between AGF slopes at apical, middle and basal electrodes and SNR loss of BKB-SIN. High sensitivity and specificity of AGF slope at apical electrode were found to differentiate between good and poor performers as regards SNR loss of BKB-SIN and language test.

Conclusions
The AGF slope reflects neural survival better than the ECAP threshold. AGF slope at apical electrodes correlated with better CI performance in both phoniatric and audiological measures of speech perception and can be used as an objective tool to predict CI outcome.
NAD+ Metabolism Generates a Metabolic Vulnerability in Endocrine-Resistant Metastatic Breast Tumors in Females
Authors: Mogol Ayca Nazli , Zuo Qianying , Yoo Jin Young , Kaminsky Alanna Zoe , Imir Ozan Berk , Landesman Yosef , Walker Christopher J , Erdogan Zeynep Madak 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Approximately 70% of human breast cancers express estrogen receptor-α (ERα), providing a potential target for endocrine therapy. However, 30% to 40% of patients with ER+ breast cancer still experience recurrence and metastasis, with a 5-year relative overall survival rate of 24%. In this study, we identified nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), an important enzyme in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) metabolism, to be increased in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) cells treated with fulvestrant (Fulv). We tested whether the blockade of NAD+ production via inhibition of NAMPT synergizes with standard-of-care therapies for ER+ MBC in vitro and in vivo. A synergistic effect was not observed when KPT-9274 was combined with palbociclib or tamoxifen or when Fulv was combined with other metabolic inhibitors. We show that NAMPT inhibitor KPT-9274 and Fulv works synergistically to reduce metastatic tumor burden. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that NAMPT inhibitor in combination with Fulv reversed the expression of gene sets associated with more aggressive tumor phenotype, and metabolomics analysis showed that NAMPT inhibition reduced the abundance of metabolites associated with several key tumor metabolic pathways. Targeting metabolic adaptations in endocrine-resistant MBC is a novel strategy, and alternative approaches aimed at improving the therapeutic response of metastatic ER+ tumors are needed. Our findings uncover the role of ERα–NAMPT crosstalk in MBC and the utility of NAMPT inhibition and antiestrogen combination therapy in reducing tumor burden and metastasis, potentially leading to new avenues of MBC treatment.
Postprandial Increases in Liver-Gut Hormone LEAP2 Correlate with Attenuated Eating Behavior in Adults Without Obesity
Authors: Bhargava Raghav , Luur Sandra , Rodriguez Flores Marcela , Emini Mimoza , Prechtl Christina G , Goldstone Anthony P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
The novel liver-gut hormone liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 (LEAP2) is a centrally acting inverse agonist, and competitive antagonist of orexigenic acyl ghrelin (AG), at the GH secretagogue receptor, reducing food intake in rodents. In humans, the effects of LEAP2 on eating behavior and mechanisms behind the postprandial increase in LEAP2 are unclear, though this is reciprocal to the postprandial decrease in plasma AG.

Methods
Plasma LEAP2 was measured in a secondary analysis of a previous study. Twenty-two adults without obesity attended after an overnight fast, consuming a 730-kcal meal without or with subcutaneous AG administration. Postprandial changes in plasma LEAP2 were correlated with postprandial changes in appetite, high-energy (HE) or low-energy (LE) food cue reactivity using functional magnetic resonance imaging, ad libitum food intake, and plasma/serum AG, glucose, insulin, and triglycerides.

Results
Postprandial plasma LEAP2 increased by 24.5% to 52.2% at 70 to 150 minutes, but was unchanged by exogenous AG administration. Postprandial increases in LEAP2 correlated positively with postprandial decreases in appetite, and cue reactivity to HE/LE and HE food in anteroposterior cingulate cortex, paracingulate cortex, frontal pole, and middle frontal gyrus, with similar trend for food intake. Postprandial increases in LEAP2 correlated negatively with body mass index, but did not correlate positively with increases in glucose, insulin, or triglycerides, nor decreases in AG.

Conclusions
These correlational findings are consistent with a role for postprandial increases in plasma LEAP2 in suppressing human eating behavior in adults without obesity. Postprandial increases in plasma LEAP2 are unrelated to changes in plasma AG and the mediator(s) remain uncertain.
Introduction
Authors: Ober Douglas , Geary David 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis special section of Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East ties together a series of modern histories and contemporary ethnographies of Buddhist spaces spread across the Indian subcontinent. Underlining each of the four essays is a concern for the modern fashioning and reimagining of India as a Buddhist “homeland.” In the past century and a half, Buddhist homeland discourses in South Asia have fostered heightened contact between national leaders, Buddhist royalty, entrepreneurs, artists, monastics, and pilgrim-travelers in ways that build upon historical and ritual precedents while simultaneously crafting new paradigms within a transnational, postcolonial arena. Taking inspiration from this translocative orientation, the contributors explore precolonial histories of Buddhist movement alongside more recent networks of Buddhist restoration in the subcontinent, with particular focus on the role of social memory and material culture in shaping the modern episteme. The essays gathered here further these inquiries by exploring how these connections have changed in the context of modern India and how the textures of these encounters cut across national, ethnic, religious, linguistic, and doctrinal lines.
Temple Architecture and Modern Hindu Appropriations of Buddhism
Authors: Ober Douglas , Maitland Padma Dorje 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDuring the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Buddhism became deeply embedded in an array of social and political debates taking place across India. The unique history of Buddhism in India and of its spread across Asia offered a model of ideological and cultural emancipation that was used not only to challenge colonial rule but also to further numerous anti-caste movements against existing Brahmanical institutions and practices. While the history of anti-caste and Dalit engagements with Buddhism has largely been studied through a discussion of the Indian constitutionalist B. R. Ambedkar's conversion to Buddhism along with some half million of his followers in 1956, this article addresses the ways in which Buddhism came to be simultaneously seen as a “Hindu sect” and central to Hindu nationalist projects. It does so through a detailed analysis of the planning and construction of several “Hindu-Buddhist” temples constructed in the 1930s by the Birla family that sought to construct a vision of India as a Hindu nation. A close examination of these sites reveals the wider dynamics underlining the transformation of modern Buddhism in India and, by extension, modern Hinduism.
Cultural Decolonization
Authors: Agbaria Ahmad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The swift rise of a new guard of cultural thinkers from the margins of the Arab world during the 1970s amounts to one of the most striking yet forgotten episodes in postcolonial Arab thought. Coming primarily from Morocco, these intellectuals and activists rejected a long-seated assumption prevalent among the ranks of Arab nationalists according to which one must disown their past traditions in order to become modern. The advent of cultural thinkers posed a grave challenge to this cherished evaluation, calling into question the agenda of political decolonization that Arab nationalists had propounded. How did the new intellectual guard of cultural thinkers come to assume such intellectual power? And what change did they make in the intellectual field and Arab conversation in general? Exploring these questions, this article establishes a definitive distinction between categories of postcolonial actors that were originally clumped together. It demonstrates that the voices shaping the new world of the Arab peoples are increasingly skeptical of political decolonization of the Arab nationalists and more in sync with Moroccan cultural thinkers who take pride in their cultural repertoire and traditions.
Claiming Democratic Bodies, Ethics, and Equality
Authors: Al-Eriani Kamilia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article demonstrates how protests as modes of political action are not only about claiming public spaces and democratic rights. Essentially, they articulate a mode of claiming corporeal democratic bodies cultivated and inhabited by revolutionaries in their attempts to unsettle the established political order. To elucidate this argument, this article reflects on the Life March, a 267-kilometer march from Ta'izz to San'a on foot over five days, staged by Yemeni protesters in 2011. It pays attention to the ways in which the bodily actions of the marchers incited a social imagination of the democratic communitarian order. The marchers' injured feet mobilized desires to reciprocate through collective ethical practices of waiting, greeting, giving, and protecting enacted by communities en route to San'a. The article suggests that through these enactments, communities sought to ethically elevate themselves as political equals to the marchers, allowing a novel form of democratic ethos to emerge. The article contends that an equality among differences rather than sameness was fashioned as the political of a different order came into being.
Uprooted Memories
Authors: Saleh Zainab 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article examines two documentaries on Iraqi Jews, Forget Baghdad and Remember Baghdad, that focus on the expulsion of Iraqi Jews from Iraq and their lives in Israel and Britain. The exile of Jews from Iraq heralded the end of a vibrant social and political space that Iraqi Jews shared with fellow Iraqis. This article argues that by focusing on questions of forgetting and remembering, the two documentaries foreground memory and nostalgia as sites to explore issues related to home, dislocation, and subjectivity at physical and symbolic levels. Moreover, the acts of remembrance in the films emerge as a dynamic terrain upon which political, generational, and class differences were inscribed and invoked. Iraqi Jews found themselves trapped within a binary framework of Arab nationalistic and Zionist discourses whereby Arabness and Jewishness emerged as an antithesis and denoted otherness, and their position within nation-states became unintelligible. The films, however, reconstruct, in different ways, the possibilities where Arabness, Jewishness, and Iraqiness could overlap, live side by side, and challenge national narratives. Reading the films alongside each other challenges any monolithic or essentialist narratives about an Iraqi Jewish experience by shedding light on the diversity of political projects among Iraqi Jews.
The peripheral nervous system
Authors: Murtazina Aliia , Adameyko Igor 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) represents a highly heterogeneous entity with a broad range of functions, ranging from providing communication between the brain and the body to controlling development, stem cell niches and regenerative processes. According to the structure and function, the PNS can be subdivided into sensory, motor (i.e. the nerve fibers of motor neurons), autonomic and enteric domains. Different types of neurons correspond to these domains and recent progress in single-cell transcriptomics has enabled the discovery of new neuronal subtypes and improved the previous cell-type classifications. The developmental mechanisms generating the domains of the PNS reveal a range of embryonic strategies, including a variety of cell sources, such as migratory neural crest cells, placodal neurogenic cells and even recruited nerve-associated Schwann cell precursors. In this article, we discuss the diversity of roles played by the PNS in our body, as well as the origin, wiring and heterogeneity of every domain. We place a special focus on the most recent discoveries and concepts in PNS research, and provide an outlook of future perspectives and controversies in the field.
Notch directs telencephalic development and controls neocortical neuron fate determination by regulating microRNA levels
Authors: Han Jisoo S. , Fishman-Williams Elizabeth , Decker Steven C. , Hino Keiko , Reyes Raenier V. , Brown Nadean L. , Simó Sergi , Torre Anna La 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The central nervous system contains a myriad of different cell types produced from multipotent neural progenitors. Neural progenitors acquire distinct cell identities depending on their spatial position, but they are also influenced by temporal cues to give rise to different cell populations over time. For instance, the progenitors of the cerebral neocortex generate different populations of excitatory projection neurons following a well-known sequence. The Notch signaling pathway plays crucial roles during this process, but the molecular mechanisms by which Notch impacts progenitor fate decisions have not been fully resolved. Here, we show that Notch signaling is essential for neocortical and hippocampal morphogenesis, and for the development of the corpus callosum and choroid plexus. Our data also indicate that, in the neocortex, Notch controls projection neuron fate determination through the regulation of two microRNA clusters that include let-7, miR-99a/100 and miR-125b. Our findings collectively suggest that balanced Notch signaling is crucial for telencephalic development and that the interplay between Notch and miRNAs is essential for the control of neocortical progenitor behaviors and neuron cell fate decisions.
No food for thought: an intermediate level of food deprivation enhances memory in Lymnaea stagnalis
Authors: Kagan Diana , Rivi Veronica , Benatti Cristina , Tascedda Fabio , Blom Joan M. C. , Lukowiak Ken 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Nutritional status plays an important role in cognitive functioning, but there is disagreement on the role that food deprivation plays in learning and memory. In this study, we investigated the behavioral and transcriptional effects induced by different lengths of food deprivation: 1 day, which is a short time period of food deprivation, and 3 days, which is an ‘intermediate’ level of food deprivation. Snails were subjected to different feeding regimens and then trained for operant conditioning of aerial respiration, where they received a single 0.5 h training session followed by a long-term memory (LTM) test 24 h later. Immediately after the memory test, snails were killed and the expression levels of key genes for neuroplasticity, energy balance and stress response were measured in the central ring ganglia. We found that 1 day of food deprivation was not sufficient to enhance snails' LTM formation and subsequently did not result in any significant transcriptional effects. However, 3 days of food deprivation resulted in enhanced LTM formation and caused the upregulation of neuroplasticity and stress-related genes and the downregulation of serotonin-related genes. These data provide further insight into how nutritional status and related molecular mechanisms impact cognitive function.
Metabolomic Signatures of Sedentary Behavior and Cardiometabolic Traits in US Hispanics/Latinos: Results from HCHS/SOL
Authors: Moon Jee-Young , Chai Jin Choul , Yu Bing , Song Rebecca J. , Chen Guo-chong , Graff Mariaelisa , Daviglus Martha L. , Chan Queenie , Thyagarajan Bharat , Castaneda Sheila F , Grove Megan L. , Cai Jianwen , Xue Xiaonan , Mossavar-Rahmani Yasmin , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Boerwinkle Eric , Kaplan Robert , Qi Qibin 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The aim of this study was to understand the serum metabolomic signatures of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior, and further associate their metabolomic signatures with incident cardiometabolic diseases.

Methods
This analysis included 2711 US Hispanics/Latinos from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) aged 18-74 years (2008-11). An untargeted, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to profile the serum metabolome. The associations of metabolites with accelerometer-measured MVPA and sedentary time were examined using survey linear regressions adjusting for covariates. The weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) identified modules of correlated metabolites in relation to sedentary time, and the modules were associated with incident diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension over the 6-year follow up.

Results
Of 624 metabolites, five and 102 were associated with MVPA and sedentary behavior at FDR < 0.05, respectively, after adjusting for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. The WGCNA analysis identified 8 modules from 102 metabolites associated with sedentary time. Four modules (branched-chain amino acids [BCAA], erythritol, polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA], creatine) were positively, and the other four (acyl choline, plasmalogen GPC, plasmalogen GPE, urea cycle) were negatively correlated with sedentary time. Among these modules, a higher BCAA score and a lower plasmalogen GPC score were associated with increased risks of diabetes and dyslipidemia. A higher erythritol score was associated with increased risk of diabetes, and a lower acyl choline score was linked to increased risk of hypertension.

Conclusions
In this study of US Hispanics/Latinos, we identified multiple serum metabolomic signatures of sedentary behavior and their associations with risk of incident diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. These findings suggest a potential role of circulating metabolites in the links between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic diseases.