bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indirect H2O2 synthesis without H2
Authors: Berlinguette Curtis , Fink Arthur , Delima Roxanna , Rousseau Alexandra , Hunt Camden , LeSage Natalie , Huang Aoxue , Stolar Monika 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Industrial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is synthesized using carbon-intensive H2 gas production and purification, anthraquinone hydrogenation, and anthrahydroquinone oxidation. Electrochemical hydrogenation (ECH) of anthraquinones offers a carbon-neutral alternative for generating H2O2 using renewable electricity and water instead of H2 gas. However, ECH has not yet had an impact on the industry because H2O2 formation rates are too low for commercialization. We report here that a membrane reactor enabled us to hydrogenate anthraquinone (0.25 molar) with a current efficiency of > 80% at current densities of 75 milliamperes per square centimeter. We also demonstrate continuous H2O2 synthesis from the hydrogenated anthraquinones over the course of 48 hours. This study represents the fastest rates of electrochemical anthraquinone hydrogenation ever reported (1.32 ± 0.14 millimoles per hour normalized per centimeter squared of geometric surface of electrode), and provides a pathway toward carbon-neutral H2O2 synthesis.
Microwave absorption of film explained accurately by wave cancellation theory
Authors: Liu Ying , Yin Xiangbin , Drew M. G. B. , Liu Yue 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
It has been proved theoretically that in the field of microwave absorption, film and material are confused, and that the impedance matching theory (IM) which is usually applied to metal-backed film is inadequate. Before the scientific community accepts any new theories, it is necessary to validate them from different perspectives with a variety of experimental data such as those obtained from films of different materials. By analysis of experimental data, it is elaborated here from new perspectives that the problems with IM cannot be solved even if different criteria such as the value of |Zin - Z0| or the phase difference between Zin and Z0 are used and therefore it needs to be replaced by wave cancellation theory. The analysis in this work applies to published data and supports the following conclusions. The value of reflection loss RL is determined by energy conservation, specific to film since it is related to the amplitude of the resultant of the two beams reflected from the two interfaces in the film, and the angular effect from the phase difference between the two beams is vital for understanding microwave absorption from film.
Population genomics of the critically endangered Brazilian merganser
Authors: Santos Fabricio R. , Campos Davidson Pinheiro , Santos-Junior José Eustáquio , Faux Pierre 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The Brazilian merganser (Mergus octosetaceus) is one of the most endangered bird species in South America that comprises less than 250 mature individuals in the wild environments. This is a species extremely sensitive to environmental disturbances and restricted to few “pristine” freshwater habitats in Brazil, and it has been classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 1994. Understanding its current genetic diversity to promote in situ and ex situ management strategies was considered urgent for conservation of the remaining populations. To understand the evolutionary dynamics of remaining Brazilian merganser populations we have used "Genotyping by Sequencing" approach to characterize 923 SNPs in 31 individuals from all known areas of occurrence. The remaining populations of the Brazilian merganser present a low genetic diversity and high inbreeding levels likely due to recent population decline associated to habitat loss. Furthermore, it revealed a moderate level of genetic differentiation between all populations located in four separated areas of the highly threatened Cerrado biome. The results indicate that urgent actions for conservation of the species should be accompanied by a careful genetic monitoring to allow appropriate in situ and ex situ management to increase the long-term species survival in its natural environment.
Disruption of RCAN1.4 Expression Mediated by YY1/HDAC2 Modulates Chronic Renal Allograft Interstitial Fibrosis
Authors: Tan Ruoyun , Zhang Jianjian , Zhang Yao , Feng Dengyuan , Zhou Hai , Gui Zeping , Zheng Ming , Hang Zhou , Gu Min 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD) is a major factor that hinders kidney transplant survival in the long run. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been confirmed to significantly contribute to interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (IF/TA), which is the main histopathological feature of CAD. Aberrant expression of regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1), recognized as an endogenous inhibitor of the calcineurin phosphatase, has been shown to be extensively involved in various kidney diseases. However, it remains unclear how RCAN1.4 regulates IF/TA formation in CAD patients. Herein, an in vivo mouse renal transplantation model and an in vitro model of human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) treated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were employed. Our results proved that RCAN1.4 expression was decreased in vivo and in vitro, in addition to the up-regulation of Yin Yang 1 (YY1), a transcription factor that has been reported to convey multiple functions in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Knocking in of RCAN1.4 efficiently attenuated chronic renal allograft interstitial fibrosis in vivo and inhibited TNF-α-induced EMT in vitro through regulating anti-oxidative stress and the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) signaling pathway. In addition, suppression of YY1 mediated by shRNA or siRNA alleviated TNF-α-induced EMT through abolishing reactive species partly in a RCAN1.4-dependent manner. Notably, we confirmed that YY1 negatively regulated RCAN1.4 transcription by directly interacting with the RCAN1.4 promoter. In addition, histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) interacted with YY1 to form a multi-molecular complex, which was involved in TNF-α-induced RCAN1.4 transcriptional repression. Therefore, RCAN1.4 is suggested to be modulated by the YY1/HDAC2 transcription repressor complex in an epigenetic manner, which is a mediated nephroprotective effect partly through modulating O2⋅- generation and the calcineurin/NFATc1 signaling pathway. Thus, the YY1-RCAN1.4 axis constitutes an innovative target for IF/TA treatment in CAD patients.
Sulforaphane alleviates psoriasis by enhancing antioxidant defense through KEAP1-NRF2 Pathway activation and attenuating inflammatory signaling
Authors: Wang Hongwei , MA Chujun , Peng ZiQi , Lian Panpan , Wazir Junaid , LU Renwei , GU Chaode , Wei Lulu , Li Li , Pu Wenyuan , Wang Wentong , ZONG Yangyongyi , Lu Yan , Su Zhonglan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Sulforaphane (SFN) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of SFN on a mouse model of psoriasis induced by imiquimod (IMQ) and its underlying molecular mechanism. Mice treated with SFN showed significant improvement in psoriatic symptoms, including reduced erythema, scales, and cutaneous thickness. Histopathological analysis and immunohistochemical staining revealed decreased expression of K16, K17, and Ki67 in SFN-treated mice, indicating reduced abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes and cutaneous inflammation. SFN treatment also reduced the activation of STAT3 and NF-κB pathways and downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL2. In vitro experiments using HaCaT cells demonstrated that SFN inhibited IL-22 and TNF-α-induced activation of inflammatory pathways and keratinocyte proliferation. Network pharmacology analysis suggested that the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway might be involved in the protective effects of SFN on psoriasis. We observed reduced NRF2 expression in human psoriatic lesions, and subsequent experiments showed that SFN activated KEAP1-NRF2 pathway in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, Nrf2-deficient mice exhibited aggravated psoriasis-like symptoms and reduced response to SFN treatment. Our findings indicate that SFN ameliorates psoriasis symptoms and inflammation through the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway, suggesting a potential therapeutic role for SFN in the treatment of psoriasis.
Time-resolved Observation of Surface-Bound Carbon Dioxide Radical Anions on Metallic Nanocatalyst
Authors: Mostafavi Mehran , Jiang Zhiwen , Clavaguéra carine , Hu Changjiang , Ma Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Time-resolved identification of surface-bound intermediates on metallic nanocatalysts is imperative to develop an accurate understanding of the elementary steps of CO2 reduction, but remains challenging in particular for carbon dioxide radical anions, CO2•‒. Herein, we use pulse radiolysis to observe the holistic stabilization process of CO2•‒ radicals on well-defined nanoscale metallic sites. The method allows to identify surface-bound intermediates with characteristic transient absorption and the distinct kinetics for three typical metallic nanocatalysts (Cu, Au, and Ni). The interfacial interactions were further investigated by varying the important factors, such as catalyst size and cation in the electrolyte. The spectral data, combined with molecular simulations, highlighted the selectivity of the critical initial step in the CO2 catalytic reduction mechanism, even before CO2•‒ radical dissociation.
Popularity and parity: towards more inclusive and balanced aquaculture
Authors: Cai Junning , Leung PingSun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aquaculture is an emerging, fast-growing, and diverse food production system that could enhance food security and nutrition and add resilience to the global food system. Yet imbalanced aquaculture growth has resulted in a highly uneven distribution of aquaculture production among countries, which is essentially a lack of diversity in the source of aquaculture production. While the issue has been recognized as an undesirable feature of aquaculture development, there has yet to be a comprehensive assessment, not even a formal measure of such imbalance. This paper develops an indicator system to assess production distribution among countries and regions. The assessment framework uses the “effective number of countries” (ENC) as a diversity measure and extends it into two key indicators (i.e. popularity and parity) to measure the inclusiveness of a production system and the balance of production distribution. The assessment reveals that global aquaculture development 1970–2020 has raised its overall popularity to a high plateau (~ 85 percent) thanks to finfish farming, yet aquaculture popularity still has much room to grow for nearly all 43 species groups examined here. While the inclusive yet imbalanced aquaculture growth has reduced global aquaculture parity to below 3 percent, aquaculture has experienced a balanced growth in most of all 85 country groups examined, and the global parity has been on an upward trend since the new millennium 2000–2020. However, in most of the 85 country groups, the parity of aquaculture is still much lower than those of capture fisheries and terrestrial meat production, indicating that low aquaculture parity cannot be fully attributed to discrepancies in countries’ characteristics, such as geographic location and climate, resource endowments, demographics, socioeconomic conditions, and development status. The highly uneven distribution of aquaculture production could undermine its widely expected role in enhancing food security and nutrition, and weaken the resilience of the global food system against various risks. The unevenness, however, indicates a large untapped potential for further aquaculture growth. Aquaculture popularity and parity could be mainstreamed as performance indicators in policymaking and sector management to facilitate more inclusive aquaculture development, enhance the resilience of the global food system, and unlock aquaculture growth potential. The indicator system can be applied in sector assessment and monitoring of any sector or at different levels (e.g. subnational). While only key findings are highlighted in the main text, the comprehensive results of the assessment is documented in the supplementary materials to facilitate further study.
Premature birth; a risk factor for atrial septal defect secundum morbidity? - a national case-control study
Authors: Tanghöj Gustaf , Naumburg Estelle 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Atrial septal defect secundum is a common type of congenital heart defect and even more common among children born premature. Premature birth is linked to a biventricular systolic and diastolic myocardial dysfunction which in turn may increase morbidity in congenital heart shunt defects, such as ASD II. The aim of this study was to assess premature birth as a potential associated risk factors for cardiac morbidity in children with ASD II. In this retrospective national registry-based case-control study all children born in Sweden between 2010–2015 with an isolated ASD II diagnosis were included. Association between premature birth and cardiac morbidity in children with isolated ASD II was assessed by different outcomes-models using conditional logistic regression and adjustments were made for confounding factors. Down syndrome was the only independent risk factors for associated with cardiac morbidity in children with ASD II. Preterm birth in children was not associated with an increased risk of ASD II cardiac morbidity.
Decarbonization Potential of Electrifying 50% of U.S. Light-Duty Vehicle Sales by 2030
Authors: Woody Maxwell , Keoleian Gregory , Vaishnav Parth 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The U.S. federal government has established goals of electrifying 50% of new light-duty vehicle sales by 2030 and reducing economy-wide greenhouse gas emissions 50-52% by 2030, from 2005 levels. Here we evaluate the vehicle electrification goal in the context of the economy-wide emissions goal. A vehicle fleet model and a life cycle emissions model were used to project vehicle sales, stock, and emissions. To account for state-level variability in electric vehicle adoption and electric grid emissions factors, we apply the models to each state. By 2030, GHGs are reduced by approximately 25% (from 2005) for the light-duty vehicle fleet, primarily due to fleet turnover of conventional vehicles. By 2035, emissions reductions approach 45% if both vehicle electrification and grid decarbonization goals (100% by 2035) are met. To meet climate goals, the transition to electric vehicles must be accompanied by an accelerated decarbonization of the electric grid and other actions.
Risk factors for postoperative ileus in hysterectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Hou Zhuoer , Liu Ting , Li Xiaoyan , Sun Qiuhua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Postoperative ileus (POI) is a common complication after hysterectomy, with an incidence of 2%. However, according to statistics, there are more than 400,000 hysterectomy patients every year. Therefore, there may be thousands of people who may develop POI after hysterectomy. Estimates of medical costs spent on POI range from $750 million to $1 billion annually. Thus, the occurrence of POI undoubtedly increases the family and medical burden. Moreover, the pathogenesis of POI is not clear, and there is a lack of effective preventive measures at present. Therefore, understanding related risk factors is of guiding value for understanding POI and accelerating surgical rehabilitation of patients after hysterectomy. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of POI in hysterectomy patients.
Methods: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA Statement. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Medline and the Cochrane Library databases were searched. The search period is from inception until December 2018. Key words used were: hysterectomy, postoperative ileus, postoperative intestinal obstruction, risk factors, factors. Two researchers screened literatures and extracted data, and used Newcastle-Ottawa scale to evaluate their quality. Then, Stata17 software was used for statistical analysis.
Result: A total of 5 literatures were included, and the results of meta-analysis showed that undergone adhesiolysis (OR=1.86, 95%CI: 1.37-2.53), duration of surgery (OR=1.78, 95%CI: 1.32-2.40), perioperative transfusion (OR=4.50, 95%CI: 3.29-6.16) and Concomitant bowel surgery (OR=3.11, 95%CI: 1.47-6.57) were the risk factors for POI development in hysterectomy patients. The included studies showed low heterogeneity.
Conclusions: The results of this study were mainly surgical factors, including several aspects, which may all increase the risk of POI in hysterectomy patients. After the conclusion of risk factors, more accurate screening and identification of high-risk groups can be conducted and timely preventive measures can be taken to reduce the incidence of POI.
Trial registration: The study protocol for this meta-analysis was registered (CRD42023407167) with the PROSPERO database (www. crd.york.ac.uk/prospero)
Modeling agricultural drought based on the earth observation-derived standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index and vegetation health index in the northeastern highlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Chere Zerihun , Debalke Dereje Biru 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Drought is one of the most overwhelming natural disasters that has a widespread impact on ecosystems, economies, and societies around the world. It has been a major concern for farmers in the South Wollo Zone, so better monitoring and assessment of agricultural drought with the help of earth observation data is critical. The main objective of this research is to characterize the spatiotemporal variation, frequency, and trends of agricultural drought from 2001 to 2021 using the earth observation-derived vegetation health index (VHI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). The VHI and SPEI were developed using the following variables: potential evapotranspiration (MOD16A2GF), climatic hazards group infrared precipitation with stations (CHIRPS), surface temperature of the land and emissivity (MOD11A2), and normalized difference vegetation index (MOD13Q1 NDVI). As a result, SPEI and VHI were used to characterize the spatiotemporal agricultural drought variation in the South Wollo zone. Additionally, the Mann-Kendall (MK) trends analysis and Pearson correlation were used to identify the trends in the agricultural drought and the relationship between VHI and SPEI, respectively. SPEI and VHI were validated using crop yield data. According to the findings, there were agricultural droughts of varying severity in 2002, 2004, 2009, 2010, 2014, and 2015. Furthermore, the study found a significant increase in drought frequency over the years 2001–2021. The results demonstrated that there was a decreasing SPEI (87.5%) and VHI (57.4%) slope during July. The comparison between the SPEI and VHI was positive and significant on the seasonal scale (r = 0.56, p = 0.01). The regression analysis results showed that detrended crop yields agreed well with VHI (R2/r = 0.49/0.70, P < 0.01) and SPEI (R2/r = 0.34/0.58, P < 0.05). Hence, the findings of the present study illustrated the effectiveness and utility of the SPEI and VHI for agricultural drought evaluation, monitoring, and early warnings in the South Wollo administrative zone.
Da Vinci SP Robotic Surgery for Cervical Cancer FIGO 2018 Stage IA-IB: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mohamad Noor Azura Noor , Kim Jung Chul , Kim Sang Wun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Da Vinci SP robotic platform is utilized in benign gynecology, with no study of its use for cervical cancer surgery till date. The study aimed to present clinical experience and surgical outcome of da Vinci SP robotic surgery for cervical cancer stage IA-IB. This cross-sectional study involved patients undergoing da Vinci SP robotic type B radical hysterectomy (RH), type C1 RH, and radical trachelectomy (RT) from January 2019 until December 2021. Median age and body mass index were 38 years old (28–49) and 21.6 kg/m2 (17.6–33.6) respectively. 61.5% were stage IA1, 23.1% IB1 and 15.4% IB2. 6 underwent type B RH, 1 type C RH, and 6 RT. Median docking time, console time and total operation time were 4 minutes (2–9), 151 minutes (75–258) and 278 minutes (159–360) respectively. Median estimated blood loss was 50 mL (10–100). Median pain score was 3, 0, 0, and 0 at 0-, 6-, 12-, and 24-hour post-surgery. Median postoperative hospital stay was 2 days (2–4). In conclusion, da Vinci SP robotic surgery for cervical cancer stage IA-IB could be performed with good peri-operative surgical outcomes. Large scaled long-term follow-up studies are required to assess oncological outcomes of patients undergoing these procedures.
Utilization of Preconception Care and Its Determinants Among Pregnant Women Attending ANC in Private MCH Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Descriptive Study
Authors: Girma Addisu , Bedada Abera , Kumbi Solomon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background Regardless of its benefit in promoting maternal health and the health of her developing fetus, and little is known about preconception care practice in Ethiopia. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to determine the utilization of preconception health care services and its determinants among women following ANC in Private MCH Hospitals in Addis Ababa.Methods A Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 1 to April 30,2022 among 385 women attending ANC in Private MCH Hospitals. Data were collected by a pretested self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. To identify the determinants associated with the utilization of preconception care bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% CI were estimated to assess the strength of associations and statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05.Results The utilization of PCC among the pregnant mothers according to our study was 40%. Professional/technical/managerial occupation (AOR = 4.3, 95%CI = 1.13, 16.33), good knowledge on PCC (AOR = 3.5, 95%CI = 1.92, 6.53),having unintended pregnancy (AOR = 0.1, 95%CI = 0.03, 042), history of family planning use before conception (AOR = 3.9, 95%CI = 1.20, 12.60), having pre-existing medical disease(s) (AOR = 8.4, 95%CI = 2.83, 24.74) and having obstetric problem(s) in previous pregnancies (AOR = 3.2, 95%CI = 1.55, 6.50) were significantly associated with preconception care utilization.Conclusions This study found out that the utilization of preconception care in the private MCH Hospitals is still low i.e., only 40%. Occupation, level of knowledge, having intended pregnancy, history of family planning use before conception, having obstetric problem(s) in previous pregnancy and having pre-existing medical condition(s) were independently associated with preconception care utilization. Lack of awareness about the availability of the services and having unintended pregnancy were the main reasons for not utilizing the PCC services.
Development of secretory and cell wall anchor recombinant Lactococcus lactis vaccine expressing the porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88ac or K99-987P protein
Authors: Zhang Xiyue , Zhang Mingyang , Zhao Ge , Qu Zhina , Xu Jiawei , Wang Haoran , Zhao Jianmei , Huang Xiumei , Wang Lin , Liu Na , Cheng Huimin , Wang Junwei , Zou Ming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.