bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical features of recurrent MOG antibody-associated cortical encephalitis in adults
Authors: Qi Feiteng , Xie Guomin , Zhang Yong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
To clarify the clinical features of recurrent myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated cortical encephalitis (MOGCE) in adults.

Methods
We present an adult case of recurrent MOGCE and summarize the clinical symptoms, imaging findings, treatment and prognosis of this phenotype as per a systematic review of the literature.

Results
We identified 9 adult patients with recurrent MOGCE. The mean age was 32 years, and 5/9 were male. Median time to recurrence was 6 months (range 2–36 months). The most common presentations of the first attack were headache (9/9), fever (8/9) and seizure (5/9). In most patients (6/9), presentations of recurrent attacks were different than those of the first attack. Relapses may affect more areas than the first attack, such as spine, brainstem, grey matter, and basal ganglia. All patients were seropositive for MOG antibodies during the first or second attack, with antibody titers ranging from 1:10 to 1:100. CSF white blood cell count and total protein were elevated in 6/9 patients. On MRI, 4/9 showed bilateral FLAIR hyperintense lesions, while 5/9 had unilateral lesions. Most patients demonstrated a positive response to treatment, and maintenance immunotherapy was added upon relapse.

Conclusion
The clinical presentation of recurrent MOGCE is atypical, and most patients had different symptoms upon recurrence compared to the first episode. Factors contributing to the likelihood of disease recurrence remain unclear. Most recurrent MOGCE patients respond well to immunotherapy, and require long-term immunotherapy after recurrence.
Diagnostic methods and protocols for rapid determination of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections: a comparative analysis
Authors: Boattini Matteo , Guarrasi Luisa , Comini Sara , Ricciardelli Guido , Casale Roberto , Cavallo Rossana , Costa Cristina , Bianco Gabriele 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate diagnostic performance of four diagnostic methods for rapid determination of methicillin resistance in S. aureus positive blood cultures (BCs).

Methods
Clinical and spiked BCs were subjected to the evaluation of the following methods and protocols: a. Eazyplex® MRSA Plus loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay directly from BC fluid; b. MALDI-TOF MS subtyping on BC pellet extracted with Rapid Sepsityper® protocol and on 4-h short-term subculture; c. Clearview™ Culture Colony PBP2a SA immunochromatography assay on BC pellet and on 4-h short-term subculture; d. EUCAST RAST cefoxitin screen test performed directly from BC and including reading times at 4-h, 6-h and 16–20-h.

Results
Eazyplex® MRSA plus exhibited the best performance, showing 100% sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value, followed by PBP2a SA Culture Colony Clearview assay and EUCAST RAST cefoxitin screen. MALDI-TOF MS subtyping showed the lowest diagnostic accuracy (59.8 and 65.7% directly from BC and from 4-h subculture, respectively). In detail, sensitivity and specificity ranged from 24.3% to 20.4% and from 88.9% to 98.3% for protocols performed from BC pellet and 4-h subculture, respectively.

Conclusions
The Eazyplex® MRSA Plus and the immunochromatographic Clearview™ PBP2a SA Culture Colony methods can provide reliable results within 1 h from the start of positive BC processing. MALDI TOF MS subtyping showed unacceptable specificity by performing analysis from BC pellets, while its sensitivity depends on the prevalence of PSM-positive MRSA strains. The EUCAST RAST, based on disc diffusion, showed excellent performance with a time-to-result of at least 4 h.
Long-COVID and postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome: a preliminary comparison of neuropsychological performance
Authors: Ruiz de Lazcano Aitana , Pérez-Núñez Paula , Pallarès-Sastre Mercè , García-Sanchoyerto Maddalen , García Irune , Amayra Imanol 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The aim of the study is to analyze and compare the cognitive profile between 59 patients with long-COVID [LC; 30 of them with and 29 without a positive coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) confirmatory test] and 31 patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and a matched group of 39 healthy control participants.

Methods
Participants were examined on a battery of neuropsychological tests, including verbal memory, visuospatial abilities, attention, processing speed, verbal fluency, working memory, and visual memory. Anxious–depressive symptomatology was also analyzed and then controlled for possible influence on cognitive performance.

Results
Patients with LC and POTS showed significantly lower performance compared with healthy peers. Differences on anxious and depressive symptoms were also found between the clinical and control groups, resulting in LC without a positive confirmatory test group exhibiting the highest rates of anxious symptoms. After controlling the effects of anxious–depressive symptomatology, the differences were eliminated for some of the cognitive variables, but additional differences were found between patients with LC and POTS after post hoc analysis.

Conclusions
Findings from the present study contribute toward the reinforcement of the evidence on cognitive alterations associated with LC and POTS. Anxious–depressive symptomatology has to be considered in both clinical groups since it could be affecting cognitive performance.
Stories of Disaster as Sites of Mitigation: Knowledge Production and Affective Engagement in the Narrativization of Nuclear Incidents in Different Media
Authors: Butler Martin , Farzin Sina , Fuchs Michael , Hornidge Anna-Katharina , Schimank Uwe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article explores how nuclear disaster narratives have both been informed by and articulated collective images of risk and uncertainty since the 1980s. Drawing on ideas from classical and affective narratology that are framed by a perspective informed by the sociology of knowledge, we examine three variations of narrating nuclear disasters in different media: (1) sociologist Charles Perrow’s detailed analysis of the Three Mile Island accident in his popular science book Normal Accidents (1984), (2) Svetlana Alexievich’s Chernobyl Prayer (1997), a literary/journalistic account of the Chernobyl disaster that chronicles individuals’ experiences through eyewitness accounts, and (3) the television series Chernobyl (2019), which, in a docufictional style, combines what is staged as an objective reconstruction of the unfolding of the disaster with subjective memories of those affected while reflecting on the incident’s larger political, scientific, and environmental contexts. We suggest that these three stories of nuclear incidents not only produce specific knowledges about the disaster in question but also address the fragility of knowledge systems and social structures as well as assessments of agency. As such, these narratives function as sites of mitigation that offer their readers/viewers certainty in times of crisis.
Environmental shocks and migration among a climate-vulnerable population in Bangladesh
Authors: Freihardt Jan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Various studies predict large migration flows due to climatic and other environmental changes, yet the ex post empirical evidence for such migration is inconclusive. To examine the causal link between environmental changes and migration for a population residing along the Jamuna River in Bangladesh, an area heavily affected by floods and riverbank erosion, I relate the respondents’ self-reported affectedness by environmental changes, their migration aspirations, and their capability to move to their migration likelihood. The analysis relies on a unique quasi-experimental research design based on original survey panel data of 1604 household heads. I find that erosion significantly and substantively increases the likelihood to migrate, leading to more than a doubling of the migration likelihood compared to the unaffected control group. Flooding has a significant effect only if it causes severe and irreversible impacts. Moreover, erosion affectedness increases the likelihood of moving permanently, with the whole household, and to a rural location. Individual, temporary moves to urban locations, by contrast, are primarily driven by low socio-economic status. Those who move with the whole household migrate mostly less than five kilometers. These findings call for a more nuanced understanding of the complex environment-migration nexus.
Resistance through Revision: Reclamation and Ideological Roles for Incels
Authors: Berškytė Justina , Popa-Wyatt Mihaela 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper provides a theory of how language is used in projects of resistance, whether this be towards actual or merely perceived oppression. The theory is based on the idea of social roles, which have previously been used to explain the offence caused by slur terms (Popa-Wyatt and Wyatt 2018). We examine two types of resistance projects. The first is a reclamation project. This consists in re-purposing existing slur words and associating them with new roles. The second project is neologism. This creates new words and uses them to create new roles. To explain both projects of resistance, we use the idea of role revision. In reclamation projects, when members of the target group use a slur term among themselves, this creates conditions to revise the subordinate role assigned by the slur into a positive role with the potential for re-empowerment. The neologism projects employ a similar mechanism of role revision with different effects. An example of neologistic resistance against perceived oppression is that occurring within incel communities (involuntary celibates). Incel communities have a sense of social stigmatization and incel individuals perceive themselves as being in subordinate roles relative to women and other men. In response, they construct an ideology which aims to provide moral comfort and a promise of future reward. Critical to this ideology are new (ideological) roles, associated with new words, which promise to improve the social status of incels. We argue that this type of neologism project has similarities to insular reclamation in that both projects aim to transform subordinated roles into positive ones.
Agency of Individual Actors in Civil Society Organizations’ Advocacy: A Case Study of the Genesis of the Danish Aliens Act of 1983
Authors: Syberg Mikkel Witt 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Research on civil society organizations’ advocacy has predominantly centered on examining societal and organizational structures as determining which organizations that engage in advocacy endeavors and whether they achieve influence. This structural determinism has instigated a growing body of research within the field emphasizing the agency of actors. Thus far, this new body of literature has tended to examine advocacy at the organizational level, thereby neglecting the impact of individual actors. This neglection is inconsistent with a related branch of organization studies, specifically the neo-institutional field, which long has recognized the relevance of studying individual actors’ role in change processes. This paper argues that it is similarly relevant to study the agency of individual actors in civil society organizations’ political advocacy. Through an archival case study utilizing analytical frameworks stemming from the neo-institutional concept of institutional entrepreneurship, the study examines how an individual actor influenced the law preparing process preceding the Danish Aliens Act of 1983. By outlining the significant impact of an individual actor in a legislative process, the paper underscores the need to integrate individual agency into civil society advocacy research to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of civil society organizations’ advocacy.
Fresh and Aged Chromite Ore Processing Residues (COPR): Weathering-Induced Alteration of Chemical Properties, Cr(VI) Mobility and Mineralogy At Open Dumpsites in Kanpur, India
Authors: Lapp Florian , Brück Felix , Göske Jürgen , Dohrmann Reiner , Mansfeldt Tim , Weigand Harald 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chromite ore processing residue (COPR) is a hazardous waste retaining relic Cr(VI). Large amounts are generated during the high-lime production of leather tanning salts in the region of Kanpur, India. Here, COPR is often deposited on open and uncontrolled landfills, leading to severe groundwater contamination. This study aimed at elucidating how ageing under these ambient conditions alters COPR properties and Cr(VI) mobility. For this, aged COPR obtained from surface and subsurface horizons of a visibly weathered open dumpsite was systematically compared to fresh high-lime COPR collected at two tanning salt factories. Elemental composition of the samples was characterized using X-ray fluorescence analysis while Cr(VI) mobility was assessed photometrically in alkaline and aqueous batch extracts. Mineralogical composition of the COPR was studied using X-ray powder diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetry–mass spectrometry. The fresh COPR were highly alkaline and contained characteristic Cr(VI) host phases like calcium aluminum chromate hydroxide (CAC) and katoite. These were absent in the aged samples due to their lower pH of ~ 9. The pH drop was likely caused by uptake of atmospheric CO2, which was corroborated by elevated carbon and calcite levels. This carbonation coincided with vertical translocation of Cr(VI) to the subsurface of the landfill, where leachate concentrations in excess of 1.6 g · L−1 and chromatite (CaCrO4) precipitations were found. The results highlight the importance of carbonation as a key ageing process which will likely exacerbate Cr(VI) groundwater contamination at open COPR dumpsites.

Graphical Abstract
Power-free points in quadratic number fields: Stabiliser, dynamics and entropy
Authors: Baake Michael , Bustos Álvaro , Nickel Andreas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The sets of k-free integers in general quadratic number fields are studied, with special emphasis on (extended) symmetries and their impact on the topological dynamical systems induced by such integers. We establish correspondences between number-theoretic and dynamical quantities, and use symmetries and entropy to distinguish the systems.
Association of non-highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol to highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and subsequent hypertension and heart diseases: findings from the CHARLS cohort
Authors: Zhang Feng , Li Zhuqing , Wang Meng , Wang Yanxin , Lu Chengzhi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
NHHR, the ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, is a novel lipid marker associated with the risk of heart diseases and various health conditions. However, there is limited evidence regarding the relationship between NHHR and the onset of hypertension and heart diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between NHHR and the new-onset hypertension and heart diseases among the Chinese middle-aged and older general population.

Methods
This prospective cohort study utilized data from a nationally representative sample of Chinese residents aged 45 and older, sourced from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The primary outcomes of the study were new-onset hypertension and heart diseases. To investigate the relationship between the NHHR and the risk of new-onset hypertension and heart diseases, multivariate logistic regression models and the restricted cubic spline (RCS) method were employed. Additionally, the mediating effects of hypertension on the association between NHHR and heart diseases were assessed using the bootstrap method.

Results
A total of 5349 participants were included in the final analysis and three groups of NHHR were identified, including low-stable, medium-stable, and high-stable NHHR. By 2020, 1,631 participants (30.5%) had been newly diagnosed with hypertension, while 1233 (23.1%) developed heart diseases. Compared to those with a low-stable NHHR, individuals in the other two groups showed a significantly increased risk of developing hypertension and heart diseases. The findings remained consistent across various sensitivity analyses. According to the RCS analysis, a partial U-shaped relationship existed between the NHHR and the risk of developing hypertension and heart diseases (P for nonlinear < 0.001). Furthermore, hypertension was found to partially mediate the association between NHHR and heart diseases.

Conclusion
The NHHR was closely associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension and heart diseases. In addition, the NHHR partially mediated the development of heart diseases by promoting hypertension progression. In the prevention and treatment of heart diseases, managing both lipid levels and blood pressure is crucial.
Luttinger liquid under non-Hermitian quantum sensing
Authors: Liang Jingcheng , Hu Jiangping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The interplay between dissipation and interactions could give rise to exotic phenomena. In this work, we apply the non-Hermitian (NH) linear response theory to investigate the density response of a spinless Luttinger liquid under local NH perturbations. We show that NH backward scattering results in interference between correlation functions arising from dissipation and Langevin noise terms, leading to fluctuations in the induced density rate of change as the Luttinger parameter K varies. For odd integer values of K, this rate vanishes, indicating immunity to dissipation. We demonstrate that the steady-state induced density is predominantly determined by Langevin noise, underscoring the necessity of including Langevin noise terms in NH Hamiltonians. For attractive interactions, the response to NH perturbations grows exponentially and exhibits a

$\pi /2$

π
/
2

phase shift, indicating stronger sensitivity to NH perturbations compared to Hermitian ones. Additionally, we show that NH forward scattering leads to a decay of the induced density. We refer to these peculiar behaviors of density fluctuations under NH perturbations as anomalous Friedel oscillations. Our findings offer new prospects for sensing and understanding dissipation and interactions.
A novel multivariate time series dataset of outdoor sport activities
Authors: Jarno Matarmaa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study introduces a novel multivariate time series dataset of 228 outdoor sport activities recorded by individual non-competitive athlete in uncontrolled environments. The dataset includes three features: Heart Rate, Speed, and Altitude, and covers five sport categories: walking, running, skiing, roller-skiing, and biking. The data was collected using two types of Garmin sport watches. The original dataset was carefully pre-processed using typical data cleansing methods such as gaps filling, and value format transformations. Furthermore, activity filtering was implemented for missing sensor value data and using domain knowledge of sport categories. Full length sequences, varying from 10 min to several hours, were split into equal length segments, approximately 1 min. To address the small number of instances data was augmented using several consecutive segments from the same activity. However, only a small part of the whole original data was used as a computational cost–information gain tradeoff. Three-dimensional dataset is divided into three parts, each dimension to its own comma separated value (CSV) file. The dataset aims to provide a unique resource for researchers and practitioners in the field of sports science, human performance analysis, and activity recognition. It aims to complement the very limited or non-existent publicly available sport activity datasets.
Tail variance for generalised hyper-elliptical models
Authors: Ignatieva Katja , Landsman Zinoviy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel theoretical framework that offers a closed-form expression for the tail variance (TV) for the novel family of generalised hyper-elliptical (GHE) distributions. The GHE family combines an elliptical distribution with the generalised inverse Gaussian (GIG) distribution, resulting in a highly adaptable and powerful model. Expanding upon the findings of Ignatieva and Landsman ((2021) Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, 101, 437–465.) regarding the tail conditional expectation (TCE), this study demonstrates the significance of the TV as an additional risk measure that provides valuable insights into the tail risk and effectively captures the variability within the loss distribution’s tail. To validate the theoretical results, we perform an empirical analysis on two specific cases: the Laplace – GIG and the Student-t – GIG mixtures. By incorporating the TV derived for the GHE family, we are able to quantify correlated risks in a multivariate portfolio more efficiently. This contribution is particularly relevant to the insurance and financial industries, as it offers a reliable method for accurately assessing the risks associated with extreme losses. Overall, this paper presents an innovative and rigorous approach that enhances our understanding of risk assessment within the financial and insurance sectors. The derived expressions for the TV in addition to TCE within the GHE family of distributions provide valuable insights and practical tools for effectively managing risk.
On the scaling of digital twins by aggregation
Authors: Pias Marcelo , Bull Lawrence , Brennan Daniel S. , Girolami Mark , Crowcroft Jon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We discuss the emerging technology of digital twins (DTs) and the expected demands as they scale to represent increasingly complex, interconnected systems. Several examples are presented to illustrate core use cases, highlighting a progression to represent both natural and engineered systems. The forthcoming challenges are discussed around a hierarchy of scales, which recognises systems of increasing aggregation. Broad implications are discussed, encompassing sensing, modelling, and deployment, alongside ethical and privacy concerns. Importantly, we endorse a modular and peer-to-peer view for aggregate (interconnected) DTs. This mindset emphasises that DT complexity emerges from the framework of connections (Wagg et al. [2024, The philosophical foundations of digital twinning, Preprint]) as well as the (interpretable) units that constitute the whole.
Presentational and phenomenal forces of perception
Authors: Grad Paweł 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Contra both phenomenalists and anti-phenomenalists, I defend the following thesis in this paper: the epistemic power of perceptual experience is grounded in its presentational property that is (i) uniquely possessed by the experience in the good case and (ii) essentially a phenomenal property. In §2, I set the ground for my argument by elaborating on the phenomenalist account of presentational phenomenology. In §3, I argue (against phenomenalism) for the first part of the phenomenal presentation thesis: (i) perceptual experience’s epistemic power is grounded in instances of a presentational property possessed by perceptual experience in the good, but not in the bad case. In §4, I argue (against anti-phenomenalists) for the second part of the phenomenal presentation thesis: (ii) presentational property is essentially a phenomenal property. In §5, I address some potential objections to the phenomenal presentation thesis. §6 concludes.