bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Globular Clusters in NGC 4839 Falling into Coma: Evidence for the Second Infall?
Authors: Oh Seong-A , Lee Myung Gyoon , Jang In Sung 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
NGC 4839 is the brightest galaxy (cD) of the NGC 4839 group at R ≈ 1 Mpc in the southwest of the Coma cluster, which is known to be falling into Coma. However, it has been controversial whether it is in the first phase of infall or in the second phase of infall after passing the Coma center. We present a wide field study of globular clusters (GCs) in NGC 4839 and its environment based on Hyper Suprime-Cam gr images in the Subaru archive. We compare the GC system of NGC 4839 with that of NGC 4816, which is the brightest member (S0) of the nearby group and lies at a similar distance in the west from the Coma center. Interestingly the spatial distribution of the GCs in NGC 4839 is significantly more compact than that of the GCs in NGC 4816. In addition, the radial number density profile of the GCs in NGC 4839 shows an abrupt drop at R
N4839 ≈ 80 kpc, while that of the GCs in NGC 4816 shows a continuous slow decline even in the outer region at 80 < R
N4816 < 500 kpc. The effective radius of the NGC 4839 GC system is about 3 times smaller than that of the NGC 4816 GC system. This striking difference can be explained if NGC 4839 lost a significant fraction of the GCs in its outskirt when it passed through Coma. This supports strongly the second-infall scenario where the NGC 4839 passed the Coma center about 1.6 Gyr ago, and began the second infall after reaching the apocenter in the southwest recently.
Reaction between Hydrogen and Ferrous/Ferric Oxides at High Pressures and High Temperatures—Implications for Sub-Neptunes and Super-Earths
Authors: Horn H. W. , Prakapenka V. , Chariton S. , Speziale S. , Shim S.-H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sub-Neptune exoplanets may have thick hydrogen envelopes and therefore develop a high-pressure interface between hydrogen and the underlying silicates/metals. Some sub-Neptunes may convert to super-Earths via massive gas loss. If hydrogen chemically reacts with oxides and metals at high pressures and temperatures (P−T), it could impact the structure and composition of the cores and atmospheres of sub-Neptunes and super-Earths. While H2 gas is a strong reducing agent at low pressures, the behavior of hydrogen is unknown at the P−T expected for sub-Neptunes’ interiors, where hydrogen is a dense supercritical fluid. Here we report experimental results of reactions between ferrous/ferric oxides and hydrogen at 20–40 GPa and 1000–4000 K utilizing the pulsed laser-heated diamond-anvil cell combined with synchrotron X-ray diffraction. Under these conditions, hydrogen spontaneously strips iron off the oxides, forming Fe-H alloys and releasing oxygen to the hydrogen medium. In a planetary context where this reaction may occur, the Fe-H alloy may sink to the metallic part of the core, while released oxygen may stabilize as water in the silicate layer, providing a mechanism to ingas hydrogen to the deep interiors of sub-Neptunes. Water produced from the redox reaction can also partition to the atmosphere of sub-Neptunes, which has important implications for understanding the composition of their atmospheres. In addition, super-Earths converted from sub-Neptunes may contain a large amount of hydrogen and water in their interiors (at least a few wt% H2O). This is distinct from smaller rocky planets, which were formed relatively dry (likely a few hundredths wt% H2O).
X Réseau de santé + Y MAIA = 1 Dispositif d’Appui à la Coordination. Une addition contre-nature ?
Authors: Borel Laëtitia , Cenard Laurent 
Published: February 2023

Déployés depuis juillet 2019, les Dispositifs d’Appui à la Coordination (DAC) doivent permettre de fluidifier les parcours de santé complexes et organiser les prises en charge. Issus de dispositifs existants, notamment des Réseaux de santé et MAIA (Méthode d’Action pour l’Intégration des services d’aide et de soins dans le champ de l’Autonomie), les prémices de la constitution de cette nouvelle identité entre les parties prenantes d’un même territoire ne se conduisent pas sans difficultés, questionnant les valeurs des différentes composantes. Cette recherche interroge les processus susceptibles de favoriser le changement visant la mise en place d’une structure de coordination basée sur le regroupement d’acteurs appartenant à deux cultures organisationnelles distinctes. Reposant sur l’association de la Théorie d’action (Argyris et Schön) et la modélisation de la culture organisationnelle (Schein), il ressort de fortes disparités culturelles mettant en lumière des paradigmes antagonistes : tandis que l’un repose sur un enracinement de terrain, très opérationnel ; le second s’inscrit dans une logique verticale descendante, fortement théorisée et standardisée. La création des DAC suppose une transformation profonde nécessitant la remise en cause des cultures d’origine afin de co-construire une nouvelle culture partagée et un sens commun. Malgré une addition « contre-nature », des variables peuvent être activées pour lever les freins à la formation des DAC. C’est ce que nous tenterons d’identifier à travers le recours à une démarche qualitative. Nous nous attacherons plus spécifiquement à l’analyse de la genèse de plusieurs DAC en Île-de-France, prenant appui sur la réalisation d’études de cas et d’entretiens semi-directifs auprès des acteurs de ces dispositifs et de leurs autorités de tutelle. L’objectif sera de mettre au jour les fondements culturels respectifs des MAIA et Réseaux de santé et d’en mesurer les enjeux pour mieux appréhender les leviers susceptibles de faciliter la coopération entre des acteurs, a priori , opposés culturellement.
Trifocal Intraocular Lens Selection: Predicting Visual Function From Optical Quality Measurements
Authors: Yan Weijia , Łabuz Grzegorz , Khoramnia Ramin , Auffarth Gerd U. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
To apply in vitro quality metrics to assess and compare three trifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs).

Methods:
The optical performance of the AT LISA tri 839MP (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG), AcrySof IQ PanOptix (Alcon Laboratories, Inc), and TECNIS Synergy (Johnson & Johnson Vision) was compared. The modulation transfer function (MTF) metrics were obtained using an optical bench set-up. A polychromatic light source and a model cornea inducing chromatic and spherical aberrations were used to mimic in vivo characteristics. The area under the MTF was calculated at each defocus position, which served as a parameter in a nonlinear formula applied to predict postoperative visual acuity (VA).

Results:
All of the studied IOLs had a predicted VA of 0.2 logMAR or better throughout the range of 0.00 to −3.00 diopters (D). Simulated VA differences between the IOLs were negligible (< 0.01 logMAR) at the far point. Although the three models were comparable at −1.00 D, at −2.00 D the AT LISA tri 839MP's VA was 0.06 and 0.08 logMAR worse than with the TECNIS Synergy and AcrySof IQ PanOptix, respectively. At near focus, the AcrySof IQ PanOptix's estimated VA was 0.06 logMAR (40 cm); for the AT LISA tri 839MP and TECNIS Synergy, it was 0.06 and 0.03 logMAR, respectively, at 36 cm.

Conclusions:
Although simulated distance VA was comparable between the studied models, differences can be found in the intermediate focus' position and quality and the expected reading distance. Therefore, simulations of defocus curves from optical quality metrics provide insight into IOL characteristics and highlight differences between the IOLs, which may guide the selection of a trifocal lens based on patients' needs.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2023;39(2):111–118.]
Assessment of parents’ or guardians’ satisfaction of in-patient health care provided to their children in a single unit at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Nirubaa U. 
Published: February 2023

Patient satisfaction surveys help to measure the staff performance, and it guides to improve the patient retention rate by providing high quality services to the patients. This study was carried out to assess the parents’ or guardians’ satisfaction of in-patient health care provided to their children and to identify the factors associated with satisfaction.
This prospective cross-sectional study was carried out in the Professorial Paediatric Unit, Teaching Hospital Jaffna. A Sample of 165 parents were interviewed by using a questionnaire. The level of satisfaction was marked by 5-point Likert scale. Data was analysed using SPSSvs 20. Chi square was used to check the association.
Out of the total 165 study participants 93.5% were mothers, 44.8% were in the age group of 31-40 years, and 56.2% studied between grade 6 to grade 11. The mean age of the children was 4.23 years (±3.75) and mean duration of hospital stay was 3.64 days (±2.4).
The mean global satisfaction score was 4.93(±0.24), The mean score for the communication with nursing officers and medical officers were 4.85 and 4.87 respectively. For satisfaction of the environment the mean score for cleanliness around the bed and cleanliness of the bathroom were 4.72 and 4.47 respectively. The satisfaction negatively correlated with the educational level of the parents X2 (4, N=165) 16.408, p=0.003, and duration of the hospital stay X2 (3, N=165)1=2.237 p=0.007.
Persons with HIV Develop Spike-Specific Lymph Node Germinal Center Responses following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination
Authors: Quinn Michael , Parra-Rodriguez Luis , Alsoussi Wafaa B , Ayres Chapelle , Klebert Michael K , Liu Chang , Suessen Teresa , Scheaffer Suzanne M , Middleton William D , Teefey Sharlene A , Powderly William G , Diamond Michael S , Presti Rachel M , Ellebedy Ali H , Turner Jackson S , O’Halloran Jane A , Mudd Philip A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 disproportionately affects persons with HIV (PWH) in worldwide locations with limited access to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. PWH exhibit impaired immune responses to some, but not all, vaccines. Lymph node (LN) biopsies from PWH demonstrate abnormal LN structure, including dysregulated germinal center (GC) architecture. It is not clear whether LN dysregulation prevents PWH from mounting Ag-specific GC responses in the draining LN following vaccination. To address this issue, we longitudinally collected blood and draining LN fine needle aspiration samples before and after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination from a prospective, observational cohort of 11 PWH on antiretroviral therapy: 2 who received a two-dose mRNA vaccine series and 9 who received a single dose of the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine. Following vaccination, we observed spike-specific Abs, spike-specific B and T cells in the blood, and spike-specific GC B cell and T follicular helper cell responses in the LN of both mRNA vaccine recipients. We detected spike-specific Abs in the blood of all Ad26.COV2.S recipients, and one of six sampled Ad26.COV2.S recipients developed a detectable spike-specific GC B and T follicular helper cell response in the draining LN. Our data show that PWH can mount Ag-specific GC immune responses in the draining LN following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Due to the small and diverse nature of this cohort and the limited number of available controls, we are unable to elucidate all potential factors contributing to the infrequent vaccine-induced GC response observed in the Ad26.COV2.S recipients. Our preliminary findings suggest this is a necessary area of future research.
Reduce the Patient'S Waiting Time and Improve the Patient'S Flow Using Lean Six Sigma in Physiotherapy Department
Authors: Udhayakumar Albert Anand 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Lean Six Sigma (LSS) is the latest generation of improvement approaches. The amount of waiting time directly impacts in patient experiences in physical therapy outpatient care. Patient waiting time data supports, patients referred to the physical therapy department for an appointment waited a minimum of 3 weeks. The physical therapy staff found this frustrating as patient's conditions often became more chronic during the wait and they often needed to take prolonged periods of sick leave. Physical therapists felt that to provide a better quality service they should reduce the waiting time of the patients.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to reduce the patient waiting time and improve the patient flow with optimized patient experience to using LSS methodology in an Outpatient Physical therapy Department (OPD).

Subjects and Methods:
LSS define–measure–analyze–improve–control methodology was adopted with using different quality tools.

Results:
A number of nonvalue added activities were identified within the process, and actions were initiated to systematically eliminate different forms of waste using the principles of lean thinking. The Non value added activities of Rework, Rejections, delayed approval Process leads to revenue loss were identified and eliminated from the process. Cause-and-effect analysis was carried out to identify the potential causes for unacceptable waiting times, and data were collected to validate these causes by the GEMBA investigation. As a result of this project, the average waiting time was reduced from 13.5 days (2 weeks) to 4 days to execute the first physical therapy session from the insurance approval. The Action plans were implemented on different levels of the process and specifically allocated to team members of Physicians, Physiotherapists, Patient's Administrators & Insurance Coordinator.

Conclusion:
There was a significant reduction in waiting time and improving the patient flow was achieved in the outpatient services of the physical therapy department using the LSS approach.
The Association between Anthropometric Failure and Toilet Types: A Cross-Sectional Study from India
Authors: Jain Anoop , O. Pitchik Helen , Harrison Caleb , Kim Rockli , Subramanian S.V. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT.
Sustainable Development Goal 6.2 aims to end open defecation by 2030 by ensuring universal access to private household toilets. However, private toilets might not be feasible for poor households. As a result, policy makers and academics have suggested well-managed shared sanitation facilities as an alternative solution. Less is known about the associations between shared sanitation use and health. Using data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey from 2019 to 2021, we estimated the association between usual defecation location and child anthropometry outcomes among children under 2 years in India. The primary exposure was usual defecation location at the household level. We compared both shared improved toilet use and open defecation to private, improved toilet use. We used linear regression to estimate the associations between the exposures and linear outcomes: height-for-age Z-score, weight-for-height Z-score, and weight-for-age Z-score. We used Poisson regression with a log link to estimate the prevalence ratios of stunting, wasting, and underweight. After controlling for environmental, maternal, socioeconomic, and child confounders, we found no differences in six child anthropometry outcomes when comparing shared toilet use or open defecation to private toilet use. This finding was consistent across both urban and rural households. Our findings confirm the null associations between private toilet use and child growth found in previous studies, and that this association does not vary if the toilet is being shared. Future research should examine these differences between private and shared toilets in the context of other health outcomes.
Investigating the Efficacy of Various Handwashing Methods against Enveloped and Non-Enveloped Viruses
Authors: E. Anderson Claire , Tong Jingyan , Zambrana Winnie , B. Boehm Alexandria , K. Wolfe Marlene 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT.
Respiratory and diarrheal diseases are leading causes of death worldwide. Handwashing may reduce disease; however, recommended methods (soap and water for 20 seconds) are not always possible, particularly in low-resource settings. The aim of this study is to evaluate handwashing when recommended methods are not feasible, including washing with water only, washing with soapy water, washing for a short duration, using alcohol-based hand sanitizer (ABHS), and cleaning hands with towels. To evaluate laboratory efficacy, we seeded MS2 (a non-enveloped virus) and Phi6 (an enveloped virus) onto the hands of volunteers who then washed their hands. Viruses remaining were recovered and quantified using culture-based and molecular methods to determine the log reduction value (LRV) after washing. Results indicated that washing with water only and with soapy water were similar to washing with soap and water for 20 seconds for both viruses (median LRV for MS2 = 2.8; Phi6 = 3.2). Most towel alternative conditions had LRVs significantly smaller than LRVs from washing with soap and water for either virus. LRVs of ABHS and soap and water for 5 seconds were similar to soap and water for 20 seconds for Phi6 but less for MS2 (median MS2 LRV differences = 2.5 and 0.51 for ABHS and soap and water for 5 seconds, respectively). Additionally, LRVs determined using molecular methods were in agreement with those obtained using culture-based methods. These results suggest some handwashing alternatives were as effective as recommended methods whereas others were not, and inform recommendations and future research on handwashing alternatives in low-resource settings.
normes régissant le transfert et l'exercice du pouvoir régional au Maroc
Authors: Mezgheri Mohamed 
Published: February 2023

La clarification des compétences régionales est une opération juridique qui ne peut, évidemment, se limiter dans l’énumération d’un ensemble de matières ou de principes qui dirigent leur répartition. Il est fondamental d’optimiser les conditions de leur exercice, car une gestion décentralisée est toujours tributaire d’un arsenal juridique qui favorise l’émergence de la décision locale. Les modalités et les moyens employés dans la prise de cette décision en disent beaucoup sur l’étendue de la libre administration du pouvoir régional.
Si on considère que la règle de prééminence établie par la Constitution marocaine est une sorte de clarification de l’échelle des compétences accordée à la région, le cadre normatif qui explique les dispositions constitutionnelles devrait offrir à cette collectivité une mainmise sur l’ensemble de ses affaires. Cette priorité n’a, justement, de valeur que si la théorie régissant l’exercice des compétences du pouvoir régional soit en adéquation avec la notion de prééminence.
voto radical entre los jóvenes españoles
Authors: Barragán Manjón Mélany , Rivas Otero José Manuel 
Published: February 2023

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo comprobar qué variables explican el voto de los jóvenes a partidos radicales en España y cómo estas se comportan en los distintos extremos ideológicos. Esto es, ¿qué diferencia el voto a Vox y a Unidas Podemos? En concreto, se analiza el caso del voto a Unidas Podemos y Vox desde 2019, año en el que este último partido entró en el Congreso. Para llevar a cabo esta investigación, el análisis identificará las razones que llevan a votar a los jóvenes a las diferentes opciones radicales, así como las diferencias entre estos y los adultos que también votan a estos partidos. Este trabajo se enmarca en la literatura de comportamiento electoral y basa sus aportaciones empíricas en los datos de la Encuesta Social Europea.
Passivity Breakdown and Crack Propagation Mechanisms of Lean Duplex (UNS S32001) Stainless Steel Reinforcement in High Alkaline Solution Under Stress Corrosion Cracking
Authors: Martin U. , Birbilis N. , Macdonald D.D. , Bastidas D.M. 
Published: February 2023

The passivity breakdown and subsequent stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of Type 2001 lean duplex stainless steel (UNS S32001) reinforcement were investigated in a highly alkaline environment containing chlorides at a low temperature. Electrochemical analysis and mechanical testing were utilized to characterize the passive film development. Fractographic analysis was performed, correlating microstructure and corrosion performance, to reveal preferential crack paths. A chloride threshold below 4 wt% Cl− for a high alkaline environment was elucidated, with pitting susceptibility factor values close to unity, having a threshold critical areal cation vacancy concentration for passivity breakdown close to the 1013 cm−2. Pit initiation leading to passivity breakdown and crack nucleation in 4 wt% Cl− was triggered for stresses above σy, developing a low-frequency peak (0.1 Hz to 0.01 Hz) of the cracking process. Current peak deconvolution demonstrated passivity breakdown was triggered by the intensification in the rate of Type II transient and exposure time, while an increase in transient amplitude was related to the crack propagation. The α phase served as a nucleation site for pits, whose propagation was arrested at the γ phase. Predominant intergranular-SCC morphology through the α/γ interface was developed following anodic dissolution given the more active nature of the α phase (most active path); minor transgranular-SCC propagated through γ phase when high-stress concentration was reached, corresponding to slip-step dissolution.
Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) for Older Adults After a Hip Fracture: A Pilot Study
Authors: Appleton Esther , Maeir Talia , Kaufman Yakir , Karni Sharon , Gilboa Yafit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Importance: In-home therapy provides the opportunity for rehabilitation intervention to be completed in the context of the patient’s natural environment. However, most studies have focused on the effects of physical exercise, leaving a gap in understanding the effectiveness of a more task-oriented intervention that addresses individual preferences.
Objective: To assess the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of the Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational PerformanceTM (CO-OP) approach, delivered at home with older adults after a hip fracture to improve functional outcomes.
Design: Single-arm quasi-experimental design.
Setting: Patients’ home.
Participants: Nine participants (age ≥60 yr) being discharged home from an inpatient rehabilitation ward in a geriatric hospital in a central city in Israel.
Intervention: Up to 10 1-hr weekly face-to-face sessions in using the CO-OP approach.
Outcomes and Measures: The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure was used to measure performance and satisfaction with the patients’ level of participation in daily functioning.
Results: A 30% recruitment rate, an 81% retention rate, were observed, with 88% of the participants expressing high to very high overall satisfaction with the intervention. Friedman test results indicated statistically significant improvements in occupational performance and satisfaction on trained and untrained goals (p &lt; .01).
Conclusions and Relevance: The findings suggest that a home-based CO-OP intervention is feasible and potentially beneficial for older adults who are returning home after a hip fracture.
What This Article Adds: This study shows that a task-oriented intervention can be effective in helping older adults return home successfully after a hip fracture.
THE NEXUS BETWEEN TRADE OPENNESS AND CO2 EMISSIONS IN SELECTED BIMP-EAGA COUNTRIES
Authors: Ubaidillah Nur Zaimah , Decker Lorritta , Ab. Rahim Rossazana , Ismail Farhana 
Published: February 2023

This study is to examine the relationship between trade openness and CO2 emission in selected BIMP-EAGA countries for the period 1970-2008 using annual time series data.Â Augmented Dickey Fuller test, Johansen and Juselius test and Vector Error Correction Model have been employed to conduct the analysis.Â According to the empirical analysis, the long-run relationship is found between trade openness and environmental quality in Malaysia.Â The findings also indicate that there is a short-run uni-directional relationship in the Philippines. As a result, to lessen the environmental harm, countries become more open in trade in order to gain better transfer of new clean technology, knowledge and skills to improve their industrialization processes and achieve long-term environmental sustainability.Â