bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT add value to positive parathyroid scintigraphy in the presurgical assessment of primary hyperparathyroidism?
Authors: Imperiale Alessio , Bani Jacob , Bottoni Gianluca , Latgé Adrien , Heimburger Céline , Catrambone Ugo , Vix Michel , Treglia Giorgio , Piccardo Arnoldo 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionTo investigate the value of presurgical18F-FCH PET/CT in detecting additional hyperfunctioning parathyroids despite a positive99mTc-sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT).MethodsThis is a retrospective study involving patients with pHPT, positive parathyroid scintigraphy performed before18F-FCH PET/CT, and parathyroid surgery achieved after PET/CT. Imaging procedures were performed according to the EANM practice guidelines. Images were qualitatively interpreted as positive or negative. The number of pathological findings, their topography, and ectopic location were recorded. Histopathology, Miami criterion, and biological follow-up were considered to ensure effective parathyroidectomy confirming the complete excision of all hyperfunctioning glands. The impact of18F-FCH PET/CT on therapeutic strategy was recorded.Results64/632 scanned pHPT patients (10%) were included in the analysis. According to a per lesion-based analysis, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy were 82, 95, 87, and 93%, respectively. The same values for18F-FCH PET/CT were 93, 99, 99, and 97%, respectively.18F-FCH PET/CT showed a significantly higher global accuracy than99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy: 98% (CI: 95–99) vs. 91% (CI: 87–94%). Youden Index was 0.79 and 0.92 for99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy and18F-FCH PET/CT, respectively. Scintigraphy and PET/CT were discordant in 13/64 (20%) patients (49 glands).18F-FCH PET/CT identified nine pathologic parathyroids not detected by99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy in 8 patients (12.5%). Moreover,18F-FCH PET/CT allowed the reconsideration of false-positive scintigraphic diagnosis (scinti+/PET-) for 8 parathyroids in 7 patients (11%). The18F-FCH PET/CT influenced the surgical strategy in 7 cases (11% of the study population).ConclusionIn a preoperative setting,18F-FCH PET/CT seems more accurate and useful than99mTc-sestamibi scan in pHPT patients with positive scintigraphic results. Positive parathyroid scintigraphy could be not satisfactory before neck surgery particularly in patients with multiglandular disease, suggesting a need to evolve the practice and define new preoperative imaging algorithms including18F-FCH PET/CT at the fore-front in pHPT patients.
Identification of VIPR2 rare and common variants in the Chinese Han population with schizophrenia
Authors: Yin Jiajun , Zhou Juan , Fang Fang , Yu Shui , Wang Jun , Yuan Jianmin , Zhou Zhenhe 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a severe and chronic psychiatric disorder with hereditary risk up to 80% as previous studies indicated. Several researches have demonstrated a significant association between schizophrenia and microduplications that overlap the vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2 gene (VIPR2).MethodsTo further investigate potential causal VIPR2 gene variants, all exons and un-translated portions of the VIPR2 gene were sequenced using amplicon targeted resequencing in 1804 Chinese Han patients with schizophrenia and 996 healthy counterparts in the present study.ResultsNineteen rare non-synonymous mutations and 1 frameshift deletion was identified for schizophrenia, among which 5 variants have never been reported so far. Frequencies of rare non-synonymous mutations were significantly different between the two groups. Specifically, the non-synonymous mutation rs78564798 (Pallele = 0.006) as well as two rare variations in the VIPR2 gene’s introns (rs372544903, Pallele = 0.026 and a novel mutation, chr7:159034078, GRCh38, Pallele = 0.048) were significantly associated with schizophrenia.DiscussionOur findings add new evidence that the functional and probable causative variants of VIPR2 gene may play an important role in susceptibility to schizophrenia. Further studies on validations of VIPR2’s function in the etiology of schizophrenia are warranted.
Locally advanced rectal cancer patients with mismatch repair protein deficiency can obtain better pathological response after regional chemoembolization
Authors: Gao Yuchen , Xiao Hualiang , Meng Wenjun , Liao Juan , Chen Qi , Zhao Guowei , Li Chunxue , Bai Lian 
Published: April 2023

Background and objectivePreoperative transcatheter rectal arterial chemoembolization (TRACE) can enhance the pathological response rate in some patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). However, how to accurately identify patients who can benefit from this neoadjuvant modality therapy remains to be further studied. Deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) protein plays a crucial role in maintaining genome stability. A proportion of patients with rectal cancer are caused by the loss of mismatch repair (MMR) protein. Given the role of MMR in guiding the efficacy in patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC), this study is designed to evaluate the effect of dMMR status on the response to neoadjuvant therapy through a retrospective analysis.MethodsWe launched a retrospective study. First, we selected patients with LARC from the database, and these patients had received preoperative TRACE combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Then, the tumor tissue biopsied by colonoscopy before intervention was taken for immunohistochemistry. According to the expression of MLH-1, MSH-2, MSH-6 and PMS-2, these patients were divided into dMMR protein group and proficient MMR (pMMR) protein group. All patients underwent pathological examination at the end of neoadjuvant therapy, either surgically excised tissue or colonoscopically biopsied tissue. The end point was the pathologic complete response (pCR) after TRACE combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.ResultsFrom January 2013 to January 2021, a total of 82 patients with LARC received preoperative TRACE combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and the treatment was well tolerated. Among 82 patients, there were 42 patients in the pMMR group and 40 patients in the dMMR group. 69 patients returned to the hospital for radical resection. In 8 patients, the colonoscopy showed good tumor regression grade after 4 weeks of interventional therapy and refused surgery. The remaining five patients were neither surgically treated nor reexamined by colonoscopy. 77 patients were eventually enrolled in the study. Individually, the pCR rates of these two groups (10%, 4/40 vs. 43%, 16/37) showed significant difference (P &lt; 0.05). Biomarker analysis indicated that patients with dMMR protein had a better propensity for pCR.ConclusionIn patients with LARC, preoperative TRACE combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy showed good pCR rates, especially in patients with dMMR. Patients with MMR protein defects have a better propensity for pCR.
“Elastic stretch cavity building” system in endoscopic thyroidectomy via the axillary approach: a case series
Authors: Chen Gaoxiang , Ji Xiaochun , Zhang Hai , Luo Yong , Wu Weizhu , Teng Weifeng , Zhang Jianan , Zhou Shaocheng 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundPatients undergoing conventional endoscopic thyroidectomy via the axillary approach, which is commonly used clinically, suffered from a range of postoperative complications. This study aimed to prevent postoperative complications and evaluate patients’ satisfaction with cosmetic outcomes in endoscopic thyroidectomy via the axillary with the use of “Elastic Stretch Cavity Building” System.MethodsIn this retrospective case series study, the clinical data of patients who were admitted to the Thyroid Surgery Department of Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital between December 2020 and December 2021 for endoscopic thyroidectomy via the axillary approach under the “Elastic Stretch Cavity Building” System.ResultsA total of 67 patients were included, all surgeries were successfully completed. The operation time was 75.61 ± 13.67 minutes; the postoperative drainage volume was 109.97 ± 37.54 ml; the average postoperative hospital stay was 4 (2-6) days. There was no skin ecchymosis, effusion or infection, hypocalcemia, convulsions, upper extremity dyskinesia, and temporary hoarseness after the surgery. The patients were satisfied with the cosmetic effects, and the cosmetic score was 4 (3-4).ConclusionThe “Elastic Stretch Cavity Building” System in endoscopic thyroid surgery via the axillary approach might reduce the risks of complications and achieve satisfactory results with the cosmetic outcomes.
Trends in the representation of women in the American Society of Pediatric Nephrology program at the Pediatric Academic Society annual meetings 2012–2021
Authors: Barani-Najafabadi Bahar , Selewski David T. , Soranno Danielle E. , Weidemann Darcy K. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionWomen are under-represented in virtually all fields of academic medicine. Even in pediatrics, a field that historically attracts a workforce with a majority of women physicians, substantial gender disparities persist in leadership positions. However, previous studies of gender representation in various academic settings are limited to small studies or aggregate pediatric subspecialties, thereby omitting important granularity within each subspecialty. No prior studies have investigated potential gender disparities in pediatric nephrology. The aim of this study is to determine the representation of women physicians in leadership and speaking roles in the annual American Society of Pediatric Nephrology (ASPN) meeting.MethodsData were analyzed from the 2012–2022 ASPN annual scientific meetings at the Pediatric Academic Society (PAS). Data were abstracted regarding gender and roles: speaker, chair/moderator, and lifetime achievement awardee. We performed a time series analysis using linear regression, with the year as the independent variable and the proportion of women as the dependent variable.ResultsOverall, there were statistically significant increases in the proportion of women speakers per year and percentage of women chairs or moderators. There were no specific trends noted for lifetime achievement awards and no statistically significant changes in the number of lifetime achievement awards.DiscussionWe found proportionate representations of gender representation with regards to speakers and chairs or moderators, although our data was limited by comparison to the American Board of Pediatrics (ABP) workforce cumulative “ever certified” data. The ABP data include a disproportionate representation of faculty who are men from earlier certification periods who may no longer be actively practicing pediatric nephrology.
Involvement in bullying and sleep disorders in Chinese early adolescents
Authors: Ding Han , Cao Leilei , Xu Baoyu , Li Yuan , Xie Jinyu , Wang Jun , Su Puyu , Wang Gengfu 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundSchool bullying may cause sleep disorders in early adolescents. Here, we determined the relationship between school bullying (considering all the features of bullying involvement) and sleep disorders, which are the common problems in Chinese early adolescents.Materials and methodsWe conducted a questionnaire survey among 5,724 middle school students from Xuancheng, Hefei, and Huaibei cities in Anhui province, China. The self-report questionnaires included the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We used latent class analysis to identify the potential subgroups of bullying behavior. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between school bullying and sleep disorders.ResultsActive participants in bullying interactions, including the bullies and victims, reported higher levels of sleep disorders compared with the non-active participants [Bully: physical (aOR = 2.62), verbal (aOR = 1.73), relational (aOR = 1.80), and cyber (aOR = 2.08); Victim: physical (aOR = 2.42), verbal (aOR = 2.59), relational (aOR = 2.61), and cyber (aOR = 2.81)]. A dose–response relationship was observed between the number of school bullying types and sleep disorders. In the context of bullying roles, bully-victims had the highest risk of reporting sleep disorders (aOR = 3.07, 95% CI: 2.55–3.69). We identified four potential categories of school bullying behaviors: low involvement in bullying, verbal and relational victims, medium bully-victims, and high bully-victims, and the highest frequency of sleep disorders was observed in the high bully-victims group (aOR = 4.12, 95% CI: 2.94–5.76).ConclusionOur findings indicate a positive correlation between bullying roles and sleep disorders in early adolescents. Therefore, targeted intervention for sleep disorders should include an evaluation of bullying experiences.
Utilization of non-pneumatic anti-shock garment for the management of obstetric hemorrhage among healthcare providers in north Shewa zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Taye Birhan Tsegaw , Silesh Zerihun Mulualem , Moltot Kitaw Tebabere , Amogne Fetene Kasahun , Kindie Behulu Geremew , Lemma Demisse Tesfanesh , Chekole Moges Sisay , Fitie Girma Wogie , Worku Solomon Adanew , Kibiret Desta Mekete , Ferede Addisu Andualem , Bejtual Kalkidan , Desalegn Temesgen , Tiguh Agumas Eskezia , Mihret Muhabaw Shumye , Kebede Azmeraw Ambachew 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundGlobal maternal deaths have either increased or stagnated tragically. Obstetric hemorrhage (OH) remains the major cause of maternal deaths. Non-Pneumatic Anti-Shock Garment (NASG) has several positive results in the management of obstetric hemorrhage in resource-limited settings where getting definitive treatments are difficult and limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the proportion and factors associated with the utilization of NASG for the management of obstetric hemorrhage among healthcare providers in the North Shewa zone, Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at health facilities of the north Shewa zone, Ethiopia from June 10th-30th/2021. A simple random sampling (SRS) technique was employed among 360 healthcare providers. Data were collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. EpiData version 4.6 and SPSS 25 were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Binary logistic regression analyses were undertaken to identify associated factors with the outcome variable. The level of significance was decided at a value of p of &lt;0.05.ResultsThe utilization of NASG for the management of obstetric hemorrhage among healthcare providers was 39% (95%CI: 34–45). Healthcare providers who received training on NASG (AOR = 3.3; 95%CI: 1.46−7.48), availability of NASG in the health facility (AOR = 9.17; 95%CI: 5.10–16.46), diploma (AOR = 2.63; 95%CI: 1.39–3.68), bachelor degree (AOR = 7.89; 95%CI: 3.1–16.29) and those healthcare providers who have a positive attitude toward utilization of NASG (AOR = 1.63; 95%CI: 1.14–2.82) were variables positively associated with the utilization of NASG.ConclusionIn this study, almost two-fifths of healthcare providers used NASG for the management of obstetrics hemorrhage. Arranging educational opportunities and continuous professional development training for healthcare providers, providing in-service and refresher training, and making it available at health facilities may help healthcare providers to effectively use the device, thereby reducing maternal morbidity and mortality.
Design, methodology, and baseline of eastern China student health and wellbeing cohort study
Authors: Zhang Xiyan , Zhao Genming , Ma Jun , Tao Fangbiao , Pan Chen-Wei , Zhang Fengyun , Wang Yan , Yang Wenyi , Xiang Yao , Wang Xin , Tian Yunfan , Yang Jie , Du Wei , Zhou Yonglin ,   ES-SCI Work Group
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo describe the study design, methodology, and cohort profile of the Eastern China Student Health and Wellbeing Cohort Study. The cohort baseline includes (1) targeted disease (myopia, obesity, elevated blood pressure, and mental health) and (2) exposures (individual behaviors, environment, metabolomics, and gene and epigenetics).ParticipantsAnnual physical examination, questionnaire-based survey, and bio-sampling have been carried out in the study population. In the first stage (2019–2021), a total of 6,506 students in primary schools are enrolled in the cohort study.Findings to dateOf all the cohort participants, the ratio of male to female is 1.16 among a total of 6,506 student participants, of which 2,728 (41.9%) students are from developed regions and 3,778 (58.1%) students are from developing regions. The initial age of observation is 6–10 years, and they will be observed until they graduate from high school (&gt;18 years of age). (1) Targeted diseases: The growth rates of myopia, obesity, and high blood pressure vary by regions, and for developed regions, the prevalence of myopia, obesity, and elevated blood pressure is 29.2%, 17.4%, and 12.6% in the first year, respectively. For developing regions, the prevalence of myopia, obesity, and elevated blood pressure is 22.3%, 20.7%, and 17.1% in the first year, respectively. The average score of CES-D is 12.9 ± 9.8 in developing regions/11.6 ± 9.0 in developed regions. (2) Exposures: ① Thefirst aspect of individual behaviors: the questionnaire topics include diet, physical exercise, bullying, and family. ②The second aspect of environment and metabolomics:the average desk illumination is 430.78 (355.84–611.56) LX, and the average blackboard illumination is 365.33 (286.83–516.84) LX. Metabolomics like bisphenol A in the urine is 0.734 ng/ml. ③ Thethird aspect of gene and epigenetics:SNPs (rs524952, rs524952, rs2969180, rs2908972, rs10880855, rs1939008, rs9928731, rs72621438, rs9939609, rs8050136 and so on) are detected.Future plansEastern China Student Health and Wellbeing Cohort Study is aiming to focus on the development of student-targeted diseases. For children with student common diseases, this study will focus on targeted disease-related indicators. For children without targeted disease, this study aims to explore the longitudinal relationship between exposure factors and outcomes, excluding baseline confounding factors. Exposure factors include three aspects: (1) individual behaviors, (2) environment and metabolomics, and (3) gene and epigenetics. The cohort study will continue until 2035.
Prevalence of symptoms, comorbidities, and reinfections in individuals infected with Wild-Type SARS-CoV-2, Delta, or Omicron variants: a comparative study in western Mexico
Authors: Peña Rodríguez Marcela , Hernández Bello Jorge , Vega Magaña Natali , Viera Segura Oliver , García Chagollán Mariel , Ceja Gálvez Hazael Ramiro , Mora Mora Jesús Carlos , Rentería Flores Francisco Israel , García González Octavio Patricio , Muñoz Valle José Francisco 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionThe variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been classified into variants of interest (VOIs) or concern (VOCs) to prioritize global monitoring and research on variants with potential risks to public health. The SARS-CoV-2 high-rate mutation can directly impact the clinical disease progression, epidemiological behavior, immune evasion, vaccine efficacy, and transmission rates. Therefore, epidemiological surveillance is crucial for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. In the present study, we aimed to describe the prevalence of wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2 and Delta and Omicron variants in Jalisco State, Mexico, from 2021 to 2022, and evaluate the possible association of these variants with clinical manifestations of COVID-19.MethodsFour thousand and ninety-eight patients diagnosed with COVID-19 by real-time PCR (COVIFLU, Genes2Life, Mexico) from nasopharyngeal samples from January 2021 to January 2022 were included. Variant identification was performed by the RT-qPCR Master Mut Kit (Genes2Life, Mexico). A study population follow-up was performed to identify patients who had experienced reinfection after being vaccinated.Results and DiscussionSamples were grouped into variants according to the identified mutations: 46.3% were Omicron, 27.9% were Delta, and 25.8% were WT. The proportions of dry cough, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, conjunctivitis, fast breathing, diarrhea, anosmia, and dysgeusia were significantly different among the abovementioned groups (p &lt; 0.001). Anosmia and dysgeusia were mainly found in WT-infected patients, while rhinorrhea and sore throat were more prevalent in patients infected with the Omicron variant. For the reinfection follow-up, 836 patients answered, from which 85 cases of reinfection were identified (9.6%); Omicron was the VOC that caused all reported reinfection cases. In this study, we demonstrate that the Omicron variant caused the biggest outbreak in Jalisco during the pandemic from late December 2021 to mid-February 2022 but with a less severe form than the one demonstrated by Delta and WT. The co-analysis of mutations and clinical outcomes is a public health strategy with the potential to infer mutations or variants that could increase disease severity and even be an indicator of long-term sequelae of COVID-19.
Development of lung segmentation method in x-ray images of children based on TransResUNet
Authors: Chen Lingdong , Yu Zhuo , Huang Jian , Shu Liqi , Kuosmanen Pekka , Shen Chen , Ma Xiaohui , Li Jing , Sun Chensheng , Li Zheming , Shu Ting , Yu Gang 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundChest x-ray (CXR) is widely applied for the detection and diagnosis of children's lung diseases. Lung field segmentation in digital CXR images is a key section of many computer-aided diagnosis systems.ObjectiveIn this study, we propose a method based on deep learning to improve the lung segmentation quality and accuracy of children's multi-center CXR images.MethodsThe novelty of the proposed method is the combination of merits of TransUNet and ResUNet. The former can provide a self-attention module improving the feature learning ability of the model, while the latter can avoid the problem of network degradation.ResultsApplied on the test set containing multi-center data, our model achieved a Dice score of 0.9822.ConclusionsThis novel lung segmentation method proposed in this work based on TransResUNet is better than other existing medical image segmentation networks.