bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent accelerated epigenetic ageing in a longitudinal cohort of vertically infected HIV-positive adolescents
Authors: Heany Sarah J. , Levine Andrew J. , Lesosky Maia , Phillips Nicole , Fouche Jean-Paul , Myer Landon , Zar Heather J. , Stein Dan J. , Horvath Steve , Hoare Jacqueline 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We have previously shown accelerated ageing in adolescents perinatally infected with HIV (PHIV +), based on discrepancies between epigenetic and chronological age. The current study examines follow-up longitudinal patterns of epigenetic ageing and the association of epigenetic ageing with cognition as well as whole brain structure changes in PHIV + and healthy controls enrolled in the Cape Town Adolescent Antiretroviral Cohort Study (CTAAC). The Illumina EPIC array was used to generate blood DNA methylation data from 60 PHIV + adolescents and 36 age-matched controls aged 9–12 years old at baseline and again at a 36-month follow-up. Epigenetic clock software estimated two measures of epigenetic age acceleration: extrinsic epigenetic accelerated ageing (EEAA) and age acceleration difference (AAD) at both time points. At follow-up, each participant completed neuropsychological testing, structural magnetic resonance imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging. At follow-up, PHIV infection remains associated with increased EEAA and AAD. Accelerated epigenetic ageing remained positively associated with viral load and negatively associated with CD4 ratio. EEAA was positively associated with whole brain grey matter volume and alterations in whole brain white matter integrity. AAD and EEAA were not associated with cognitive function within the PHIV + group. Measures of epigenetic ageing, as detected in DNA methylation patterns, remain increased in PHIV + adolescents across a 36-month period. Associations between epigenetic ageing measures, viral biomarkers, and alterations in brain micro- and macrostructure also persist at 36-month follow-up. Further study should determine if epigenetic age acceleration is associated with cognitive functional changes due to brain alterations in later life.
MemeTector: enforcing deep focus for meme detection
Authors: Koutlis Christos , Schinas Manos , Papadopoulos Symeon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractImage memes and specifically their widely known variation image macros are a special new media type that combines text with images and are used in social media to playfully or subtly express humor, irony, sarcasm and even hate. It is important to accurately retrieve image memes from social media to better capture the cultural and social aspects of online phenomena and detect potential issues (hate-speech, disinformation). Essentially, the background image of an image macro is a regular image easily recognized as such by humans but cumbersome for the machine to do so due to feature map similarity with the complete image macro. Hence, accumulating suitable feature maps in such cases can lead to deep understanding of the notion of image memes. To this end, we propose a methodology, called visual part utilization, that utilizes the visual part of image memes as instances of the regular image class and the initial image memes as instances of the image meme class to force the model to concentrate on the critical parts that characterize an image meme. Additionally, we employ a trainable attention mechanism on top of a standard ViT architecture to enhance the model’s ability to focus on these critical parts and make the predictions interpretable. Several training and test scenarios involving web-scraped regular images of controlled text presence are considered for evaluating the model in terms of robustness and accuracy. The findings indicate that light visual part utilization combined with sufficient text presence during training provides the best and most robust model, surpassing state of the art. Source code and dataset are available at https://github.com/mever-team/memetector.
Lifelong Learning in the Educational Setting: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Thwe Win Phyu , Kálmán Anikó 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis systematic literature review aimed to provide updated information on lifelong learning in educational research by examining theoretical documents and empirical papers from 2000 to 2022. This review sought to identify concepts, theories, and research trends and methods linked to lifelong learning in educational research in different countries. Our review findings showed that theoretical papers, such as reports, policies, and concepts of lifelong learning, are generally much more extensive than empirical studies. Word cloud analysis revealed that the most prominent concepts were lifelong learning skills, lifelong learning competencies, and the three types of lifelong learning (formal, nonformal, and informal). Following the inductive analysis, this study investigated three common research trends: conceptual framework or policies of lifelong learning, lifelong learning abilities, and influencing factors of lifelong learning and/or lifelong learning abilities. Regarding methodology, this study identified only three studies that used mixed methods, which is insufficient in the field. In addition, heterogeneity was also observed between research instruments in lifelong learning. Different data analysis techniques can be applied in this field, including content analysis, descriptive analysis, and inferential analysis. Finally, the participants involved in the examined studies were students, primary and secondary school teachers, undergraduates, postgraduates, student teachers, European Union Lifelong Learning experts, young adults, teacher educators, administrators, and academic staff.
Effect of virtual running with exercise on functionality in pre-frail and frail elderly people: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mollà-Casanova Sara , Muñoz-Gómez Elena , Sempere-Rubio Núria , Inglés Marta , Aguilar-Rodríguez Marta , Page Álvaro , López-Pascual Juan , Serra-Añó Pilar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Virtual mirror therapies could increase the results of exercise, since the mirror neuron system produces an activation of motor execution cortical areas by observing actions performed by others. In this way, pre-frail and frail people could use this system to reach an exercise capacity threshold and obtain health benefits.

Aim
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of a virtual running (VR) treatment combined with specific physical gait exercise (PE) compared to placebo VR treatment combined with PE on functionality, pain, and muscular tone in pre-frail and frail older persons.

Methods
A single blinded, two-arm, randomised controlled trial design was employed. Thirty-eight participants were divided into two intervention arms: Experimental Intervention (EI) group, in which VR and gait-specific physical exercises were administered and Control Intervention (CI) group, in which a placebo virtual gait and the same exercise programme was administered. Functionality, pain, and tone were assessed.

Results
EI group improved in aerobic capacity, functional lower-limb strength, reaction time, and pain, while CI group remained the same. Regarding static balance and muscle tone, no differences were found for either group. Further analysis is needed to asses VR effectiveness for improving gait, stand-up and sit-down performance and velocity.

Conclusions
Virtual running therapy appears to enhance capacities related with voluntary movements (i.e., aerobic capacity, functional lower-limb strength, and reaction time) and reduce pain.
Self-Generated Buried Submicrocavities for High-Performance Near-Infrared Perovskite Light-Emitting Diode
Authors: Li Jiong , Duan Chenghao , Zhang Qianpeng , Chen Chang , Wen Qiaoyun , Qin Minchao , Chan Christopher C. S. , Zou Shibing , Wei Jianwu , Xiao Zuo , Zuo Chuantian , Lu Xinhui , Wong Kam Sing , Fan Zhiyong , Yan Keyou 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEmbedding submicrocavities is an effective approach to improve the light out-coupling efficiency (LOCE) for planar perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs). In this work, we employ phenethylammonium iodide (PEAI) to trigger the Ostwald ripening for the downward recrystallization of perovskite, resulting in spontaneous formation of buried submicrocavities as light output coupler. The simulation suggests the buried submicrocavities can improve the LOCE from 26.8 to 36.2% for near-infrared light. Therefore, PeLED yields peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) increasing from 17.3% at current density of 114 mA cm−2 to 25.5% at current density of 109 mA cm−2 and a radiance increasing from 109 to 487 W sr−1 m−2 with low rolling-off. The turn-on voltage decreased from 1.25 to 1.15 V at 0.1 W sr−1 m−2. Besides, downward recrystallization process slightly reduces the trap density from 8.90 × 1015 to 7.27 × 1015 cm−3. This work provides a self-assembly method to integrate buried output coupler for boosting the performance of PeLEDs.
Production and therapeutic use of astaxanthin in the nanotechnology era
Authors: Abdelazim Karim , Ghit Amr , Assal Dina , Dorra Neamat , Noby Nehad , Khattab Sherine N. , El Feky Shaymaa Essam , Hussein Ahmed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Astaxanthin (AXT) is a red fat-soluble pigment found naturally in aquatic animals, plants, and various microorganisms and can be manufactured artificially using chemical catalysis. AXT is a xanthophyll carotenoid with a high potential for scavenging free radicals. Several studies have investigated AXT efficacy against diseases such as neurodegenerative, ocular, skin, and cardiovascular hypertension, diabetes, gastrointestinal and liver diseases, and immuno-protective functions. However, its poor solubility, low stability to light and oxygen, and limited bioavailability are major obstacles hindering its wide applications as a therapeutic agent or nutritional supplement. Incorporating AXT with nanocarriers holds great promise in enhancing its physiochemical properties. Nanocarriers are delivery systems with several benefits, including surface modification, bioactivity, and targeted medication delivery and release. Many approaches have been applied to enhance AXT’s medicinal effect, including solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) and polymeric nanospheres. AXT nano-formulations have demonstrated a high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect, significantly affecting cancer in different organs. This review summarizes the most recent data on AXT production, characterization, biological activity, and therapeutic usage, focusing on its uses in the nanotechnology era.

Graphical abstract
Statistical Considerations on the Use of RWD/RWE for Oncology Drug Approvals: Overview and Lessons Learned
Authors: Ro Sunhee K. , Zhang Weidong , Jiang Qi , Li Xiaoyun Nicole , Liu Rong , Lu Chengxing Cindy , Marchenko Olga , Sun Linda , Zhao Jing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite increasing utilization of real-world data (RWD)/real-world evidence (RWE) in regulatory submissions, their application to oncology drug approvals has seen limited success. Real-world data is most commonly summarized as a benchmark control for a single arm study or used to augment the concurrent control in a randomized clinical trial (RCT). While there has been substantial research on usage of RWD/RWE, our goal is to provide a comprehensive overview of their use in oncology drug approval submissions to inform future RWD/RWE study design. We will review examples of applications and summarize the strengths and weaknesses of each example identified by regulatory agencies. A few noteworthy case studies will be reviewed in detail. Operational aspects of RWD/RWE study design/analysis will be also discussed.
Intelligent Recommendation System Based on the Infusion Algorithms with Deep Learning, Attention Network and Clustering
Authors: Li Wenjun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe creation and use of big data have driven the intelligent development of e-commerce. The information generated in e-commerce provides a good means to analyze the behavior of users. How to use this information to give customer recommendations, improve the accuracy of recommendations and protect information security is a topic worth studying. For improving the accuracy of recommendations, analysis of users and tagging of resources are key. The current popular session recommendation algorithms face many problems, such as user interest drift which is difficult to be handled by these algorithms, thus affecting the recommendation accuracy. Based on these problems, this paper proposes a recommendation model based on deep learning, applies it to the clustering analysis of user tagging system, and designs a personalized recommendation algorithm for the tagging system. The model proposed in this paper can effectively analyze not only the interests exhibited by users in the current session, but also their potential long-term interests. By comparing the different performances of different datasets, the experimental results of this paper show that the proposed algorithmic model in this paper helps to dig the interests of different users, thus improving the quality of the recommendation system.
Sensitivity analysis of volatile organic compounds to PM2.5 concentrations in a representative industrial city of Korea
Authors: Lee Byeong-Kyu , Choi Sung-Deuk , Shin Byeorie , Kim Seong-Joon , Lee Sang-Jin , Kim Dai-Gon , Lee Greem , Kang Hyun-Jung , Kim Hyo-Seon , Park Dae-Young 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the sensitivity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to ambient concentrations of fine particles (PM2.5) in the representative industrial city of Ulsan, Korea. For the calculation of sensitivity coefficients between VOCs and PM2.5 (SVOCs-PM2.5), PM2.5 data were obtained from an air quality monitoring station, and their corresponding 6-h average concentrations of VOCs (alkanes, alkenes, aromatics, and total VOCs) were measured at the Yeongnam intensive air monitoring station. The air monitoring period was divided into the warm-hot season (May–October 2020) and the cold season (November 2020–January 2021). The sensitivity coefficients in the low pollution period of PM2.5 (5 < PM2.5 ≤ 15 μg/m3) were higher and much higher than those in the medium pollution period (15 < PM2.5 ≤ 35 μg/m3) and high pollution period (35 < PM2.5 ≤ 50 μg/m3), respectively. This result indicates that the change ratios of PM2.5 concentrations to the background (PM2.5 ≤ 5 μg/m3) per unit concentration change of VOCs (particularly alkenes) in the high PM2.5 pollution period were much higher than those in the low pollution period. This also indicates that PM2.5 concentrations above 35 μg/m3 were more easily affected by the unit concentration change of VOCs (particularly alkenes) than those below 15 μg/m3. The average sensitivity coefficients during the cold season increased in a range of 23–125% as compared to those during the warm-hot season, except the alkenes-PM2.5 sensitivity with a decrease of 7%. It means that the impact of VOCs (except alkenes) on PM2.5 concentrations was relatively low in the cold season. However, in the cold season, the alkenes might contribute more to PM2.5 formation, particularly over the high pollution period, having PM2.5 > 35 μg/m3, than other VOC groups. The result of this study can be a basis for establishing PM2.5 management plans in industrial cities with large VOC emissions.
Split Phenomenon of Fasciculation between Antagonistic Muscles in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Ultrasound Study
Authors: Hu Nan , Li Yi , Liu Jingwen , Cui Liying , Liu Mingsheng 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT:Objective:Paresis of muscle groups in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) tends to present split phenomena. We explored the split phenomenon of fasciculation in multiple antagonistic muscle groups in ALS patients.Methods:One hundred and forty ALS patients and 66 non-ALS patients were included from a single ALS center. Muscle ultrasonography (MUS) was performed to detect fasciculation in elbow flexor-extensor, wrist flexor-extensor, knee flexor-extensor, and ankle flexor-extensor. Split phenomena of fasciculation between different antagonistic muscle groups were summarized, and the possible influence factors were analyzed through stratified analysis.Results:The frequency of split phenomenon of fasciculation intensity was significantly higher than those of muscle strength (26.1% vs. 7.1% for elbow flexor-extensor, 38.3% vs. 5.7% for wrist flexor-extensor, 37.9% vs. 3.0% for knee extensor-flexor, and 33.6% vs. 14.4% for ankle flexor-extensor) (P < 0.01). For muscles with 0–1 level of muscle strength (the Medical Research Council, MRC, score), significance difference in mean fasciculation intensity was observed only in ankle flexor-extensor. For muscles with 2–5 level of muscle strength, significant dissociation of fasciculation grade was common, especially among patients with slow rapid progression rate and both upper and lower motor neuron (UMN and LMN) involvement. As for non-ALS patients, no significant difference was observed in fasciculation intensity between antagonistic muscles.Conclusion:Split phenomenon of fasciculation between antagonistic muscles was common and relatively specific in ALS patients. Muscle strength, progression rate, and UMN involvement were influence factors of the split phenomenon of fasciculation intensity.
Complex cardiac implantable electronic device infections in Alberta, Canada: An epidemiologic cohort study of validated administrative data
Authors: King Teagan L. , Chew Derek S. , Leal Jenine , Cannon Kristine , Exner Derek V. , Smith Stephanie , Larios Oscar , Bush Kathryn , Yuen Brian , Zhang Zuying , Rennert-May Elissa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjective:To establish the epidemiology of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections in Alberta, Canada, using validated administrative data.Design:Retrospective, population-based cohort study.Setting:Alberta Health Services is a province-wide health system that services all of Alberta, Canada.Participants:Adult patients who underwent first-time CIED implantation or generator replacement in Alberta, Canada, between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2019.Methods:CIED implant patients were identified from the Paceart database. Patients who developed an infection within 1 year of the index procedure were identified through validated administrative data (International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision in Canada). Demographic characteristics of patients were summarized. Logistic regression models were used to analyze device type, comorbidities, and demographics associated with infection rates and mortality.Results:Among 27,830 CIED implants, there were 205 infections (0.74%). Having 2 or more comorbidities was associated with higher infection risk. Generator replacement procedures (odds ratio [OR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.34–0.84; P = .008), age increase of every 10 years (OR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.66–0.82; P ≤ .001), and index procedure after 2014 were associated with decreased risk. Comparing the infected to uninfected groups, the hospitalization rates were 2.63 compared to 0.69, and the mortality rates were 10.73% compared to 3.49%, respectively (P < .001).Conclusions:There is a slightly lower overall rate of CIED infections Alberta, Canada compared to previously described epidemiology. Implants after 2014, and generator replacements showed a decreased burden of infection. Patients with younger age, and 2 or more comorbidities are at greatest risk of CIED infection. The burden of hospitalization and mortality is substantially higher in infected patients.
Shell and associated operculum inTeiichispira(Macluritidae: Gastropoda) from the Early/Middle Ordovician of the Argentine Precordillera
Authors: Bertero Verónica , Ferrari Mariel , Carrera Marcelo G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTwo species ofTeiichispiraYochelson and Jones reported from the Early/Middle Ordovician marine deposits of the San Juan Formation in the Argentine Precordillera are described. The new speciesTeiichispira teresaen. sp. is a component of the Early/Middle Ordovician marine gastropod assemblage in the studied region;Teiichispira argentina(Kayser), previously known from the San Juan Formation, is described with a complete teleoconch and associated operculum. The opercula of bothTeiichispiraspecies are complete and preserved in life position associated with the shell ofT.argentina. The unguiculate morphology of the operculum is here interpreted as a mechanism for increasing the shell weight and ensuring anchoring to the substrate in a more or less fixed mode of life forTeiichispira, and as protection. The new occurrence ofTeiichispiraprovides new taxonomic data on early Paleozoic marine gastropods in Argentina and testifies to a wide paleobiogeographical distribution for the genus, restricted to tropical and subtropical regions during the Early/Middle Ordovician.UUID:http://zoobank.org/8ee48319-b17a-4d15-a7d4-99cc9bb1dc42
Exponential control of the trajectories of iterated function systems with application to semi-strong GARCH models
Authors: Kandji Baye Matar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe establish new results on the strictly stationary solution to an iterated function system. When the driving sequence is stationary and ergodic, though not independent, the strictly stationary solution may admit no moment but we show an exponential control of the trajectories. We exploit these results to prove, under mild conditions, the consistency of the quasi-maximum likelihood estimator of GARCH(p,q) models with non-independent innovations.
Masked orthographic neighbor priming effects in Chinese two-character words
Authors: Yang Huilan , Spinelli Giacomo , Li Lingling , Lupker Stephen J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn masked priming lexical decision tasks in alphabetic or syllabic script languages, latencies are longer when a word target is primed by a higher frequency neighbor (e.g., blue–BLUR) than when primed by an unrelated word of equivalent frequency (e.g., care–BLUR) – an “inhibitory neighbor priming effect.” In contrast, Zhou et al. (1999) demonstrated facilitatory orthographic neighbor priming for two-character Chinese words (e.g., 华丽–华贵). However, Zhou et al. did not control for relative prime-target frequency, which has been shown to be important in experiments when examining languages with other scripts. In the present Experiment 1 word neighbor primes (e.g., 容易-容貌) produced an inhibitory neighbor priming effect when the prime was higher frequency than the target, paralleling effects in other script languages. In further experiments, paralleling those in other script languages, two-character targets primed by nonword neighbors (容待-容貌) or single constituent characters matching the target in either position (容-容貌) showed significant facilitation. These results suggest that lexical activation/competition processes for two-character Chinese words are reasonably similar to those for words in alphabetic/syllabic script languages.