bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscle-specific miRNAs in plasma and skeletal muscle of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy are modulated by disease and training
Authors: Laiferová Nikoleta Alchus , Vernerová Lucia , Nemec Michal , Barkova Daria , Rerková Katarína , Malenovská Karin Marček , Vokurková Martina , Oreská Sabína , Klein Martin , Špiritović Maja , Tomčík Michal , Ukropec Jozef , Vencovský Jiří , Ukropcová Barbara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Objective of this work was to examine myomiR levels in plasma, skeletal muscle, and skeletal muscle cells of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM), their interrelations with the disease-related clinical phenotypes and with the effects of the disease-modifying 6-month training-intervention.

Methods
Samples of vastus lateralis muscle (n = 12/13) and plasma (n = 20/21) were obtained from IIM patients and healthy controls, respectively. Muscle and plasma were obtained before and after a 6-month training-intervention in 7 patients. MyomiRs miR-1,-206,-133a,-133b were quantified by qPCR. Effects of pro-inflammatory (TNF), metabolic (glucose, insulin) systemic factors and the immunosuppressive therapy (dexamethasone) on the myomiRs were examined in muscle cells in vitro.

Results
MiR-133b was lower in skeletal muscle of IIM patients compared with healthy controls (p= 0.03). Levels of miR-133a, miR-1, and miR-206 were not regulated. Moreover, plasma levels of miR-133b and miR-1 were reduced in IIM compared with healthy controls (p&lt; 0.05). Exercise induced reciprocal regulation of specific myomiRs in muscle and plasma of IIM patients, it lowered miR-133b in muscle while increasing miR-133b and miR-206 in plasma. Treatment of myotubes with TNF, insulin, and glucose and dexamethasone induced distinct myomiRs down-regulation.

Conclusion
Lower myomiR levels in skeletal muscle of IIM patients might indicate reduced muscle regenerative potential in IIM, which could be linked to inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and immunosuppressive therapy. Training-induced changes of muscle and plasma myomiRs indicate an increase in myomiRs release, which could contribute to the adaptive response underlying the positive systemic effects of exercise in IIM.
Pemigatinib suppresses liver fibrosis and subsequent osteodystrophy in mice
Authors: Mihara Taiki , Tsuru Yoshiharu , Kurosawa Tamaki , Nonoshita Yuma , Yamakawa Yuki , Hori Masatoshi 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Liver fibrosis could lead to serious secondary diseases, including osteodystrophy. The interaction between liver and bone has not been fully elucidated, thus existing therapies for osteodystrophy secondary to liver fibrosis are often ineffective. FGF23 was initially found as an endocrine regulator of phosphate homeostasis, but recently, its involvement in fibrosis has been suggested. In this study, we hypothesized that the FGF23 level increases with liver injury, which in turn induces liver fibrosis and osteodystrophy.

Methods:
Liver fibrosis model mice were generated via carbon tetrachloride administration and bile duct ligation. Fibrosis was assessed using Masson trichrome staining and hydroxyproline assay. The bone structure was evaluated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and microcomputed tomography. Human HSC lines LX-2 and primary rat HSCs were used for in vitro analyses.

Results:
Carbon tetrachloride–induced and bile duct ligation–induced liver injury increased the serum FGF23 level compared with that in control mice. RNA sequencing analysis of FGF23-treated LX-2 showed that FGF23 promotes the production of matrisome, which helps in forming the extracellular matrix. The FGF receptor antagonist pemigatinib alleviated carbon tetrachloride–induced and bile duct ligation–induced liver fibrosis and the deleterious alterations in bone density and microstructure in mice.

Conclusions:
The serum FGF23 level increased with liver injury, and FGF23 promoted liver fibrosis. Moreover, pemigatinib alleviated liver fibrosis and hepatic osteodystrophy. These findings suggest that FGF23 mediates the communication between the liver and bone and that FGF23 may be a new therapeutic target for liver fibrosis and subsequent osteodystrophy.
A Practical and Simplified Method for Structure-Function Analysis in Patients with Glaucoma and Retinal Disease
Authors: Oh Jin Kyun , Lu Lam , DeMoraes C. Gustavo , Liebmann Jeffrey M. , Chang Stanley 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To describe an accessible method of structure-function correlation using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and virtual reality perimetry (VRP) for patients with retinal disease and glaucoma and to compare results with those of conventional Humphrey visual fields (HVF).

Methods:
Patients with a diagnosis of glaucoma involving the central visual field or macula-involving retinal disease were recruited. Patients underwent ophthalmic examination followed by OCT imaging, HVF, and VRP testing. Both HVF and VRP results were compared to OCT scans to identify areas of visual field abnormality and their corresponding structural deficits. The correlation between HVF and VRP findings was evaluated.

Results:
36 eyes of 21 patients were included as part of this study. VRP was able to reliably identify visual field deficits that correlated with structural abnormalities on OCT in patients with both glaucoma involving the central visual field and complex macula-involving retinal pathology. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.83 (p<0.001) for mean deviation and 0.85 (p<0.001) for pattern standard deviation between VRP and HVF.

Conclusion:
The combination of VRP and OCT allows for practical and accurate structure-function correlation of complex retinal disease and glaucoma. This approach is particularly valuable in identifying the contributions of confounding glaucoma and retinal disease in patients with multiple disorders.
Focal Scleral Nodules: Retrospective Case Series and Novel Insight
Authors: Shiwani Haaris A. , Memon Danyal , Hayat Usman , Lamin Ali , Finch Kieran , Soorma Talha , El-Nemr Donia , Bilal Loreena , Chaturvedi Ritu , De La Mata Guillermo 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to add to the limited literature of Focal Scleral Nodule (FSN).

Methods:
This study was a single-centre, retrospective, observational case series performed at Manchester Royal Eye Hospital (United Kingdom). Nineteen eyes from nineteen patients over a thirteen year period (January 2011 to January 2024) were included. The principal observations were taken from patient demographic data, fundal and autofluorescence imaging, and OCT-EDI imaging.

Results:
Most patients with FSN were female, with median age of 47 years and median visual acuity of 20/20 Snellen. FSN were yellow, yellow-white, orange or orange halo in appearance. Median horizontal length of a FSN was 2.02mm (range 0.34mm-4.79mm) and median thickness was 417μm (range 272μm-803μm). The choroid above the FSN was thinned in 9 and absent in 10 cases. Most FSN appeared hyper-autofluorescent on autofluorescence imaging. Extramacular FSN appeared directly inferiorly to the optic disc in 7, infero-temporally in 5, supero-nasally in 2, and supero-temporally in 5 cases. Seven patients demonstrated FSN within the macula, and 2 of these had subretinal fluid. Further investigation revealed one of these patients with subretinal fluid had polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) at the same area as the FSN.

Conclusion:
This study analysed FSN lesions of a medium-sized group over a large timeframe. It provides more data in the literature for an uncommon ophthalmic lesion. Furthermore, the study described the first known case in the literature of FSN with PCV in the same area. This finding highlights a potential new complication of the condition.
Endothelialectomy With Trypan Blue Staining to Enhance Descemetorhexis Visualization
Authors: Cheung Albert Y. , de la Presa Martin , Silverberg Marc L. , Quiroz-Casian Natalia , Holland Edward J. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To describe a technique involving combined endothelialectomy and trypan blue staining to allow for improved visualization and Descemet membrane (DM) removal during endothelial keratoplasty.

Methods:
Endothelialectomy with 2 disposable endothelial irrigating cannulas (Vortex and Sterimedix) and an irrigation-aspiration handpiece are described. Several passes over the desired area are made to ensure adequate endothelialectomy treatment. Trypan blue is instilled into the anterior chamber, and after irrigation, the trypan stains the exposed DM, which enhances visualization. Subsequently, one's standard technique for descemetorhexis can then be performed.

Results:
Endothelialectomy with trypan blue staining was performed in 9 eyes and was able to successfully enhance visualization of DM in all cases. The technique easily allowed for visualization of the descemetorhexis edge despite the poor view. Although all 3 instruments for endothelialectomy allowed for successful descemetorhexis, the Vortex endothelial cannula provided more complete and consistent endothelialectomy with fewer passes. The descemetorhexis tissue from 1 case using the Sterimedix cannula was sent for histological review and demonstrated a paucity of endothelial cells, intact DM, and blunted guttae.

Conclusions:
Targeted endothelialectomy and trypan blue staining can be a useful technique to enhance visualization during endothelial keratoplasty. This can allow for a more complete descemetorhexis in areas with marginal visibility.
Safety and clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy with immunotherapy for organ preservation in ultra-low rectal cancer: preliminary results of the CHOICE-I trial: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou Leqi , Yu Guanyu , Shen Yuxin , Wen Rongbo , Ding Haibo , Zhou Jidian , Zhu Xiaoming , Hong Yonggang , Gong Haifeng , Liu Lianjie , Wang Hao , Zhang Huojun , Bai Chenguang , Hao Liqiang , Zhang Wei 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
To explore the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) combined with a PD-1 antibody in improving complete clinical response (cCR) and organ preservation in patients with ultra-low rectal cancer.

Methods:
This was a prospective phase II, single-arm, open-label trial. Patients with confirmed pMMR status T1-3aN0-1M0 retcal adenocarcinoma were included. Long-course chemoradiotherapy was delivered to a dose of 50 Gy. A PD-1 antibody was added 2 weeks after the first radiotherapy session, and two courses were administered. After chemoradiotherapy, CapeOX plus PD-1 antibody was administered to patients for two cycles. After evaluation, patients with cCR were managed with a watch-and-wait (W&W) approach. Local excision or a W&W approach was performed for patients with near complete clinical response (ncCR) as per multidisciplinary team decision. Radical surgery was recommended for poorly regressed or progressed tumors.

Results:
Twenty-five patients were enrolled, but two patients withdrew from the study. A total of 23 patients completed the entire neoadjuvant therapy. Ten and five patients achieved cCR and ncCR, respectively, and the rest had a partial clinical response. Patients with cCR were managed with W&W. Four patients with ncCR underwent local excision and were managed using W&W. Eight patients with partial clinical response underwent anus-preserving surgery. At the last follow-up, the rectum and anus preservation rates were 63.4% (14/22) and 95.5% (21/22), respectively.

Conclusion:
nCRT combined with immunotherapy tended to achieve better cCR and rectum preservation rates with good tolerance in patients.
Efficacy of dapagliflozin to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis
Authors: Duan Hua , Chen Fangyuan 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Dapagliflozin shows some potential in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease complicated with type 2 diabetes, and this meta-analysis aims to explore the efficacy of dapagliflozin vs placebo to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease complicated with type 2 diabetes.

Methods:
PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO and Cochrane library databases have been searched through July 2024, and we included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of dapagliflozin for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease complicated with type 2 diabetes.

Results:
Five RCTs and 353 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with control intervention in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes, dapagliflozin treatment was able to significantly decrease ALT (standard mean difference [SMD] = −1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.37 to −0.84; P < .00001), AST (MD = −1.32; 95% CI = −1.76 to −0.88; P < .00001) and HbA1c (SMD = −0.60; 95% CI = −1.02 to −0.17; P = .006), but demonstrated no influence on fasting glucose (SMD = −0.55; 95% CI = −1.10 to 0; P = .05), LDL-C (SMD = −0.19; 95% CI = −0.56 to 0.17; P = .30) or triglyceride (SMD = −0.30; 95% CI = −1.47 to 0.88; P = .62).

Conclusions:
Dapagliflozin may benefit to treat patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes.
Efficacy of electroacupuncture in the treatment of insomnia in cancer patients: A meta-analysis
Authors: Li Ke , Luo Ying 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The purpose of this meta-analysis of current studies was to assess the efficacy of electroacupuncture for cancer-related insomnia.

Methods:
A comprehensive search was conducted encompassing randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of electroacupuncture in treating cancer-related insomnia across CNKI, VIP, Wang Fang, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, and Web of Science, with a search deadline of December 26, 2023. The Cochrane manual’s risk-of-bias evaluation was used for quality assessment, while Stata 15.0 was used for the data analysis.

Results:
Eight randomized controlled studies involving 537 individuals were finally included. Meta-analysis results suggested that electroacupuncture improved total sleep time [SMD = 0.68, 95% CI (0.31, 1.06)], sleep efficiency [SMD = 1.26, 95% CI (0.02, 2.50)], and reduced Pittsburgh sleep quality index [SMD = –0.44, 95% CI (–0.63, −0.25)], insomnia severity index [SMD = –1.23, 95% CI (–1.88, −0.58)], and sleep onset latency [SMD = –0.76, 95% CI (–1.36, −0.15)] in cancer patients.

Conclusion:
Based on the current study, we found that electroacupuncture may have a better effect on insomnia in cancer patients.
CD274/PD-L1 copy number gained malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor: A case report and literature review
Authors: Na Kiyong , Kim Hong Jun 
Published: January 2025

Rationale:
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are aggressive soft tissue sarcomas with a poor prognosis, particularly in metastatic cases. Traditional treatments have shown limited effectiveness, highlighting the need for innovative therapeutic approaches. This case report aims to emphasize the critical role of genomic profiling in identifying therapeutic targets, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitors, to improve treatment strategies for MPNST.

Patient concerns:
An 82-year-old male presented with a long-standing history of MPNST, multiple recurrences, and a recent rapid enlargement of a mass in the right axillary region. The patient also reported a 10% weight loss over the last 6 months.

Diagnoses:
Comprehensive genomic profiling of the tumor revealed significant alterations, including CD274/PD-L1 amplification, CDKN2A loss, and TP53 mutation. These genetic findings were aligned with previous cases that responded favorably to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Interventions:
Despite the potential for targeted immunotherapy, the patient’s economic constraints prevented the initiation of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. The patient underwent multiple surgical interventions, including an above-elbow amputation.

Outcomes:
The patient experienced severe wound bleeding and a significant decline in general condition, requiring intensive care unit support. Given the poor prognosis and high surgical risks, the patient’s caregivers opted for hospice care.

Lessons:
Genomic profiling identifies genetic alterations that could guide immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, offering the promise of personalized treatment for MPNST patients. By highlighting the potential of genomic profiling, this case demonstrates the importance of integrating personalized immunotherapy into future treatment paradigms for MPNST.
Small cell lung cancer progressing into fatal ascending motor and sensory polyneuropathy despite dramatic response to chemotherapy: A case report
Authors: Naqvi Syed Mohammad , Hashim Hashim Talib , Naqvi Syed Yaseen , Alhatemi Ahmed Qasim Mohammed , Sulaiman Fatimah Abdullah , Abdulmahdi Sally Muayad , Al-Obaidi Ahmed Dheyaa , Basalilah Ashraf Fhed Mohammed , Al-Obaidi Ammar 
Published: January 2025

Rationale:
Paraneoplastic syndromes occur in 10% to 20% of all malignancies, with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes in less than 1% of all malignancies. In small cell lung cancer (SCLC), paraneoplastic manifestations are more common, affecting up to 5% of cases. Common manifestations include syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, Cushing’s syndrome due to adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion, paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Paraneoplastic acute motor and sensory polyneuropathy is an exceptionally rare but severe complication, necessitating timely diagnosis and management.

Patient concerns:
A 55-year-old male with an 80 pack-year history of smoking presents to the hospital with a 3-week history of fevers, productive cough, dyspnoea, and wheeze. He had no significant comorbidities.

Diagnoses:
Extensive radiological investigations revealed a large mass at the right hilum compressing on the right lower bronchus with metastatic adrenal deposits. Biochemical investigations confirmed syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion, and histology identified SCLC.

Interventions:
Despite initiating a combination chemotherapy with carboplatin and etoposide, the patient developed progressive motor paralysis and sensory loss over 4 days, leading to a diagnosis of paraneoplastic acute motor and sensory polyneuropathy.

Outcomes:
He deteriorated rapidly and died 14 days after symptom onset due to respiratory failure, underscoring the aggressive nature of paraneoplastic syndromes.

Lessons:
Paraneoplastic syndromes, particularly in SCLC, pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and prompt multidisciplinary intervention, which may improve outcomes despite the low incidence of these severe complications. Treating cancer with appropriate systemic chemotherapy or suppression of the immune response alleviates neurological symptoms and improves prognosis.
The effect of Chinese 5-element music with midnight-noon ebb-flow theory on depression, anxiety, quality of life satisfaction among older adults: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Jiayin , Beh Wen Fen , Wang I Ta , Wu Yechen 
Published: January 2025

Background:
The prevalence rates of depression and anxiety are constantly increasing, and the aging population is growing in China. Music-based intervention is a nonpharmacological treatment that is used to treat depression and anxiety and that has very few side effects. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of Chinese 5-element music-based intervention (CFEMBI) based on the midnight-noon ebb-flow theory on depression and anxiety among older adults.

Methods:
A total of 86 patients were divided into the control and experimental groups. The control group underwent a traditional CFEMBI, and the experimental group underwent a CFEMBI based on the midnight-noon ebb-flow theory. Outcomes were assessed at the 4th week, 8th week, and 12th week during the intervention.

Results:
After the 12th week, there was a significant difference in scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) between the control and experimental groups (Z = −6.375, P value < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant difference in the cure rate of depression between the 2 groups at week 12 (P < .001). After the 8th week, there was a significant difference in Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) scores between the 2 groups (t = 7.422, P value < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in scores on the Quality of Life, Enjoyment, and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF) between the 2 groups (Z = 4.991, P value < 0.001; Z = 3.023, P value < 0.01; Z = 3.023, P value < 0.01).

Conclusions:
CFEMBI based on the midnight-noon ebb-flow theory is effective at alleviating depression and anxiety in older adults and improving life satisfaction.
The Factors Influencing Early Ambulation in Patients With Gastrointestinal Neoplasms
Authors: Wu Zhiying , Liu Dun , Huang Yanfang , Ye Yafang , Ma Qiumei , Huang Jiahua , Wu Liping 
Published: January 2025

Background
Early ambulation helps improve postoperative recovery in gastrointestinal neoplasm patients. However, compliance with early ambulation remains low.

Objective
This study aimed to explore the influencing factors and experiences of early ambulation in gastrointestinal neoplasm patients and to provide suggestions for subsequent intervention programs.

Methods
A convergent mixed-method design was used, which was based on the Health Belief Model. Gastrointestinal neoplasm patients were invited to participate in the quantitative and qualitative investigations. The demographic data, early activity awareness, self-efficacy, disease treatment data, and social psychological data of 405 gastrointestinal neoplasm patients were collected and analyzed in a nested case-control study. A semistructured interview on early ambulation was conducted for 16 patients. Finally, the results of the 2 studies were integrated.

Results
Quantitative analysis revealed that age, education level, exercise habits, nutritional status, pulmonary disease status, activity awareness, and social support were the influencing factors (P < .05). Five themes were extracted from the qualitative research results: insufficient recognition of perceived threat, perceived barriers and benefits, cues to action (internal/external factors), self-efficacy (success/failure), and needs.

Conclusions
Patients’ perceptions of early ambulation and social support influenced early ambulation. Perceptions of benefits/barriers, age, education level, and humanized nursing may affect early postoperative movement. Self-efficacy and behavioral cues, such as pulmonary disease status, nutritional status, and pain status, still need further exploration.

Implication for Practice
Reinforcing perceived severity, perceived benefits, and social support; removing possible barriers; and providing individualized health education according to the age and educational level of patients are recommended.