bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoding supplier codes of conduct with content and text as data approaches
Authors: Vandenbroucke Sarah , Kantorowicz Jaroslaw , Erkens Yvonne 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes supplier codes of conduct of multinational firms, with two main research objectives: (1) providing a description of supplier codes' content provisions, specifically focusing on the labor standards provisions included in these self‐regulatory policies, and (2) comparing code content across regions and sectors. To this end, the study uses hand‐coding and novel text‐as‐data techniques for content analysis of a large sample of 880 codes of conduct. Results show that a standardized list of labor rights is included in up to 90% of the aforementioned codes, regardless of the location or sector of the drafting company. Codes are drafted with a clear influence from internationally recognized standards, even though a minority of codes directly refer to international texts. However, the similarity of codes is limited as they differ in length and extent to which they elaborate certain topics. This latter aspect is correlated with the firms' location and the sector they operate in. The research demonstrates that European companies refer to the legal framework and international standards extensively, while American companies more often develop their corporate ethical values or focus on governance and their relationship with suppliers. It also empirically shows that companies evolving in reputation‐sensitive sectors are developing more specific codes including more detailed labor provisions.
Development of a novel 6LoWPAN‐based multipurpose sensor monitoring and notification system
Authors: Babayigit Bilal , Sattuf Hamza 
Published: August 2023

SummaryIn the area of wireless communication technologies, 6LoWPAN leverages the extensive capabilities of IPv6, even within the constraints imposed by resource‐limited devices, particularly within wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The integration of 6LoWPAN into modern solutions for implementing the IPv6‐based Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming increasingly important. In this paper, a sensor monitoring and notification system specifically designed for deployment over 6LoWPAN has been proposed. Multipurpose capability, scalability, and ease of deployability are the main features of the proposed system. Its architecture reflects the highest degree of flexibility and allows for a variety of use cases encountered in practical scenarios. In addition, a web interface has been developed as part of the comprehensive system architecture. This interface enables efficient management of the entire system and facilitates connection for new users and seamless integration of additional sensors. By encapsulating complex functions in a user‐friendly interface, the system promotes accessibility, convenience, and an enhanced user experience. The proposed system overcomes the limitations of current approaches, thereby creating new opportunities. The flexibility of the proposed system allows it to be applied to various use cases.
Cu−NHC Complex for Chan‐Evans‐Lam Cross‐Coupling Reactions of N‐Heterocyclic Compounds and Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Adhikari Bhupendra , Teimouri Mohsen , Akin James W. , Raju Selvam , Stokes Sean L. , Emerson Joseph P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn efficient copper(II) N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complex with an NCN coordination mode was optimized to catalyze the Chan–Evans‐Lam (CEL) cross‐coupling reaction of imidazole and other N‐heterocyclic nucleophiles with arylboronic acid. This air‐stable copper catalyst shows robust catalytic performance and tolerates a diverse array of functional groups on both the N‐nucleophile and arylboronic acid coupling partners in C−N bond forming reactions with up to 95 % yield. Formation of the Cu−NHC complex in situ generated similar catalytic performance for CEL coupling. Alternative metal ions (Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Ru2+, and Pd2+) were also screened in the presence of the NHC precursor as CEL catalysts.
How can needle ice transport large stones? Twenty‐one years of field observations
Authors: Matsuoka Norikazu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDownslope movements of 12 stones (10–27 cm in diameter) were determined from time‐series images for 21 years on a Japanese alpine debris slope (inclination 12°). The process of stone movements was analysed on the basis of frost heave and soil temperature records, with particular attention to the stone size transported by needle ice and the effect of climate change on stone movements. Soil heaving mainly due to needle‐ice growth occurred 24–85 times yr−1 with an annual maximum and cumulative amounts of 1.8–5.5 cm and 17–58 cm yr−1, respectively. Stones moved downslope at rates of 5–20 cm yr−1 (mean 11.7 cm), the velocity correlating with the stone size, although small stones with a height of less than about 3 cm do not reduce needle‐ice activity very much. On an assumption of a linear relationship between the two variables, needle ice can transport stones with a diameter of as large as 30 cm. Both annual mean air/soil temperatures and needle‐ice activity slightly increased through the monitoring period. Climatic warming may have raised the frequency of needle ice by shortening the snow‐covered period.
Cautionary case for radial forearm free flap use in trisomy 21
Authors: Peifer Sophia , Carey Ryan , Nisenbaum Eric , Leibowitz Jason , Nicolli Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is considered a workhorse for head and neck cancer reconstructive surgery due to its generally consistent anatomy, pliability, long pedicle, and accessible harvest location.MethodsA 63‐year‐old male with trisomy 21 and recurrent midface basal cell carcinoma presented for surgical management. The patient underwent tumor resection including left infrastructure maxillectomy with ipsilateral rhinectomy. Preoperative Allen's test was normal; however, the planned osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap reconstruction was aborted intraoperatively due to aberrant vascular anatomy in the form of a diminutive radial artery branch. Reconstruction was instead performed with an anterolateral thigh free flap.ResultsThe patient recovered well in the hospital and was subsequently discharged to his care facility.ConclusionsRadial artery anomalies may be present among trisomy 21 patients making reconstruction with a RFFF not feasible, and thus preoperative Doppler ultrasound to assess arterial anatomy is essential in this population.
Effect of radiation absorption and chemical reaction on MHD‐free convective flow through a porous medium past an infinite vertical porous plate in the presence of constant heat flux
Authors: Ahmed Nazibuddin , Deb Dowerah Richa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn incompressible, electrically conducting, and viscous fluid flowing steadily and freely across a uniformly porous media that is partially constrained by an infinitely long vertical porous plate is studied in the present article. Additionally, chemical reaction and radiation absorption effects are seen. Here, a magnetic field of uniform strength is applied transversely to the plate, a normal suction velocity is imposed on the fluid, and the heat flux is considered to be constant. The non‐dimensional momentum and energy equations are solved using the method of perturbation. The problem has been analytically resolved, and several parameters, including the Hartmann number, porosity parameter, thermal Grashof number, mass Grashof number, and transport properties like the Sherwood number, skin friction, and plate temperature, are graphically represented. The current study reveals a spike in the radiation absorption effect causes skin friction to drop, but on the other hand, a contrary effect is observed for plate temperature. One of the notable findings of this investigation is that the Sherwood number increases as chemical reaction parameter influence increases.
In situ detection of human glioma based on tissue optical properties using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
Authors: Li Kerui , Wu Qijia , Feng Shiyu , Zhao Hongyou , Jin Wei , Qiu Haixia , Gu Ying , Chen Defu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSafely maximizing brain cancer removal without injuring adjacent healthy tissue is crucial for optimal treatment outcomes. However, it is challenging to distinguish cancer from noncancer intraoperatively. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) as a label‐free and real‐time detection technology for discrimination between brain cancer and noncancer tissues. Fifty‐five fresh cancer and noncancer specimens from 19 brain surgeries were measured with DRS, and the results were compared with co‐registered clinical standard histopathology. Tissue optical properties were quantitatively obtained from the diffuse reflectance spectra and compared among different types of brain tissues. A machine learning‐based classifier was trained to differentiate cancerous versus noncancerous tissues. Our method could achieve a sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 95% for discriminating high‐grade glioma from normal white matter. Our results showed that DRS has the potential to be used for label‐free, real‐time in vivo cancer detection during brain surgery.
Suppressing epithelial‐mesenchymal‐transition blue light therapy for reducing macrophage‐mediated cancerous pulmonary fibrosis: An in‐vitro study
Authors: Zhang Wenjun , Dong Jianfei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLung cancer is the leading killer among all types of cancer globally. As a key factor, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a crucial role in pathological fibrosis and lung cancer metastasis. This study endeavors to investigate the effect of blue light at specific wavelengths of 405 nm and 415 nm (54 J/cm2) on EMT induced by TGF‐β1 in A549 cells. The results revealed that the blue light irradiation reduced the morphological characteristics of EMT in the A549 cells, and cell‐to‐cell connections were weakened significantly. Molecular analysis showed upregulation of epithelial marker E‐cadherin and downregulation of EMT marker vimentin. Additionally, exposure to blue light irradiation at 405 nm and 415 nm significantly decelerated the ability of invasion and migration. Moreover, cell viability was also investigated. Based on these findings, blue light can serve as a useful therapeutic option for inhibiting EMT in cases of lung cancer and fibrotic lung disease.
Antibacterial Broad‐Spectrum Dendritic/Gellan Gum Hybrid Hydrogels with Rapid Shape‐Forming and Self‐Healing for Wound Healing Application
Authors: Biscari Giuseppina , Fan Yanmiao , Namata Faridah , Fiorica Calogero , Malkoch Michael , Palumbo Fabio Salvatore , Pitarresi Giovanna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTreating wound infections is a difficult task ever since pathogenic bacteria started to develop resistance to common antibiotics. The present study develops hybrid hydrogels based on the formation of a polyelectrolyte complex between the anionic charges of dopamine‐functionalized Gellan Gum (GG‐DA) and the cationic moieties of the TMP‐G2‐alanine dendrimer. The hydrogels thus obtained can be doubly crosslinked with CaCl2, obtaining solid hydrogels. Or, by oxidizing dopamine to GG‐DA, possibly causing further interactions such as Schiff Base and Michael addition to take place, hydrogels called injectables can be obtained. The latter have shear‐thinning and self‐healing properties (efficiency up to 100%). Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT), and mouse monocyte cells (RAW 264.7), after incubation with hydrogels, in most cases show cell viability up to 100%. Hydrogels exhibit adhesive behavior on various substrates, including porcine skin. At the same time, the dendrimer serves to crosslink the hydrogels and endows them with excellent broad‐spectrum microbial eradication activity within four hours, evaluated using Staphylococcus aureus 2569 and Escherichia coli 178. Using the same GG‐DA/TMP‐G2‐alanine ratios hybrid hydrogels with tunable properties and potential for wound dressing applications can be produced.
Dietitian's approach to managing enteral nutrition intolerance when a formula change is indicated: A clinical practice survey
Authors: Steel Cindy , Wile Heather 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundEnteral nutrition intolerance (ENI) is often defined as one or more gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms related to enteral nutrition (EN) and may have significant impact on patient outcomes. There are multiple strategies to help manage ENI, such as changing the EN formula. The objective of this practice survey was to understand prevalence of ENI, management of ENI symptoms, and EN formula features considered when changing formulas to manage ENI.MethodsCanadian clinical dietitians working across care settings (n = 4827) were invited to complete a 28‐question online survey if involved in the management of adult and/or pediatric patients receiving EN.ResultsFive hundred seventeen surveys were analyzed. Significantly more dietitians in adult vs pediatric settings (83.4% and 59.1%, respectively; P = 0.0012), reported ENI in <40% of patients. Assessing medications, elevating the head of the bed, and changing EN infusion rate, volume, or feeding regimen were the highest‐ranked strategies to manage ENI symptoms. Most (>90%) respondents change the EN formula <50% of the time to manage ENI. Dietitians consider caloric density and protein form as the most important EN features to manage upper‐GI symptoms vs fiber source, osmolality, and form of protein to manage lower‐GI symptoms. EN with real‐food ingredients was ranked higher in importance for managing upper‐ and lower‐GI symptoms by dietitians in pediatric vs adult settings.ConclusionTo manage ENI symptoms, dietitians consider multiple strategies before deciding to change the EN formula. When a formula change is indicated, dietitians consider different EN features for the management of upper‐ and lower‐GI symptoms.
Effectiveness and tolerability of liraglutide for the management of weight regain following sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Jamal Mohammad , Qasem Wafa , Hamshari Fatima , Dsouza Carol , Alqallaf Nagi , Otiku Paul , Nnaji Chukwudi A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is currently very little research evidence on the benefits and safety of liraglutide in the management of weight regain or inadequate weight loss following metabolic and bariatric surgery. This study aimed to determine the clinical effectiveness and tolerability of liraglutide as an adjunct therapy for managing weight regain and inadequate weight loss following sleeve gastrectomy (SG).MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of medical records conducted at a private clinic in Kuwait.ResultsData of 57 post‐SG patients were included in the analysis. The mean (±SD) pre‐treatment weight was 96.12 (29.26) kg. Following a median liraglutide treatment duration of approximately 3 months, the mean post‐treatment weight was 90.19 (26.82) kg. This represents a statistically significant mean weight loss of 5.94 (6.31) kg (p < 0.001), corresponding to a loss of 6.20% of pre‐treatment weight. Patients aged 31–40 years achieved a greater post‐treatment weight loss of 7.63 (7.41) kg, a loss of 7.80%, relative to age groups after treatment (p = 0.047). Patients who tolerated ≥2.4 mg of liraglutide recorded a higher mean weight loss of 8.42 (7.63) kg, a loss of 8.10% (p = 0.010).ConclusionThe use of liraglutide may be an effective adjunct treatment for weight optimization following SG. Maximizing the tolerable dose may yield greater weight reduction.
Subjective time perception in musical imagery: An fMRI study on musicians
Authors: Izadifar Morteza , Formuli Arusu , Isham Eve A. , Paolini Marco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe cognitive preparation of an operation without overt motor execution is referred to as imagery (of any kind). Over the last two decades of progress in brain timing studies, the timing of imagery has received little focus. This study compared the time perception of ten professional violinists' actual and imagery performances to see if such an analysis could offer a different model of timing in musicians' imagery skills. When comparing the timing profiles of the musicians between the two situations (actual and imagery), we found a significant correlation in overestimation of time in the imagery. In our fMRI analysis, we found high activation in the left cerebellum. This finding seems consistent with dedicated models of timing such as the cerebellar timing hypothesis, which assigns a “specialized clock” for tasks. In addition, the present findings might provide empirical data concerning imagery, creativity, and time. Maintaining imagery over time is one of the foundations of creativity, and understanding the underlying temporal neuronal mechanism might help us to apprehend the machinery of creativity per se.
Identification of polymer behavior from nonequibiaxial elongation test with temperature and strain rate conditions close to blow molding process
Authors: Luo Yun‐Mei , Chevalier Luc , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Attar Hanane 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn anisotropic visco‐hyperelastic (VHE) model for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used to simulate the stretch blow molding process. The biaxiality needs to be taken into account for an accurate identification of the model parameters related to the induced anisotropy. Thanks to the use of a biaxial elongation apparatus developed at MSME, nonequibiaxial tension tests on PET have been managed on optimized specimen in order to provide data complementary to the equibiaxial (EB) tension test. This last enables the correct identification of the temperature and strain rate influence, because both viscous and elastic parts of the model need to test the material in nonequibiaxial (NEB) conditions. The procedure already used for EB tension test is extended to constant width and an intermediate case, NEB cases. The VHE model developed to simulate the PET behavior in the stretch blow molding conditions is identified from these three different biaxial tests: differences and dispersions are discussed. The origin of this dispersion is found out and solved by a modification of the model. This leads to a reduction of the number of parameters in the proposed VHE model.
The effect of job stress on secondary school physical education teachers' work engagement: The mediating role of self‐efficacy
Authors: Li Siyuan , Wang Ying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study is to investigate how work stress affects work engagement and how self‐efficacy mediates among secondary school physical education teachers. The link between work stress, engagement, and self‐efficacy of secondary school physical education teachers was examined using questionnaires and linear regression analysis with a sample of 400 secondary school physical education instructors from 32 primary and secondary schools in China. The findings indicated that the relationship between work stress and engagement of secondary school physical education teachers was increasing and then decreasing. When work stress exceeds a certain range, work engagement will decrease with the increase, but conversely, appropriate work stress could effectively promote work engagement and reduced the impact of stress on job engagement.
A Case of Trichodysplasia Spinulosa Related to Ruxolitinib Treated Successfully with Oral Acitretin
Authors: Rosa-Nieves Priscilla M. , Borucki Robert , Georgesen Corey , Sutton Adam , Arthur Megan , Whitley Melodi Javid 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a rare disease that affects immunocompromised patients, characterized by hair-like growths caused by TS-associated polyomavirus infection. Little is known about specific immunosuppressive drugs that can precipitate the condition. We report a case of TS presenting after initiating the oral Janus-associated kinase inhibitor (JAKi) ruxolitinib. A 67-year-old female with a history of allogeneic bone marrow transplant requiring immunosuppression with tacrolimus, prednisone and, more recently, ruxolitinib 5 mg twice daily due to Graft versus Host Disease presented to the clinic with a facial rash. The clinical and histopathological findings in the setting of immunosuppression were consistent with TS. Initial treatments were ineffective, but oral acitretin showed significant improvement after 3 months. Due to the close temporal relationship between the initiation of ruxolitinib and the development of TS, this case suggests that JAKis may contribute to TS development by suppressing the JAK-signal transducer and activator of the transcription pathway's antiviral functions.
Comparative evaluation of different substrates compiled in column‐type vertical‐flow constructed wetlands to remove heavy metals
Authors: Ghaju Shrestha Rajani , Nishihata Kazuki , Inoue Daisuke , Ike Michihiko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHeavy metals (HMs), like chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), and nickel (Ni), are toxic pollutants frequently detected in industrial wastewater. In this study, column‐type vertical‐flow constructed wetlands (CWs) filled with different substrates were examined for their ability to remove Cr, Mn, and Ni, focusing on their applicability to high HM concentrations (tens of mg/L) and short hydraulic retention times (2 days). Five candidate substrates—gravel, limestone, reddish soil, wood pellets, and activated carbon—were screened for their ability to remove 6 mg/L of the three HMs, revealing that reddish soil and activated carbon removed all three HMs efficiently. Further experiments to remove 60 mg/L of HMs were conducted using CWs filled with reddish soil or activated carbon with or without planting Phragmites australis. The results indicated that (1) substrate adsorption contributed exclusively to HM removal and the effects of planting may be negligible, and (2) activated carbon (removal efficiency of 74–99%, 98–99%, and 99% for Cr, Mn, and Ni, respectively) is likely a more promising substrate than reddish soil (removal efficiency of 90–99%, 48–99%, and 61–99% for Cr, Mn, and Ni, respectively) in light of its ability to achieve efficient HM removal under high loading conditions.
Size‐dependent Levinson beam theory for thermal vibration of a nanobeam with deformable boundary conditions
Authors: Civalek Ömer , Deliktaş Babür , Uzun Büşra , Yaylı Mustafa Özgür 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, an eigen‐value problem for deformable boundary conditions in nonlocal elasticity is described using Levinson beam theory. Firstly, the nanobeam has been modeled by placing two springs that can be deformed in the downward direction. These springs control the amount of downward displacement at the ends. In the analytical solution, the displacement points are defined by two coefficients and the interior part of the nanobeam deflection is expressed by Fourier sine series. Stokes’ transformation is preferred to enforce the boundary conditions to the desired point. After the mathematical operations, a matrix of coefficients including the general elastic spring constants has been found. The eigenvalues of this coefficient matrix give the frequencies of the Levinson nanobeam. The effect of some parameters on the free vibration frequencies is shown in a series of graphs and tables.