bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and determinants of self-medication consumption of antibiotics in children in Iran: A population-based cross-sectional study, 2018–19
Authors: Nazari Javad , Chezani-Sharahi Nahid , Eshrati Babak , Yadegari Ali , Naghshbandi Mobin , Movahedi Hamidreza , Moradzadeh Rahmatollah 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
The prevalence of self-medication of antibiotics has been revealed in various studies. The main aim of this work is to investigate the frequency of self-medication in children under 6 years and the factors affecting it.

Methods
This is a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in the Arak metropolitan in the center of Iran from January 2019 to January 2020. We used stratified random sampling to determine recruitment criteria. As 1754 households were invited to the study that 1483 were approved to participate. Children’s data were obtained by the interview with their mothers. In order to define self-medication consumption of antibiotics, it was adapted between annually maternal self-reported consumption of antibiotics among their children and history of received antibiotics registered in insurance services during the same time period. Logistic regression models were exploited to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results
Mean age of mothers was 31.8 years (SD = 5.4), 52.1% of the children were boys. Annually self-medication of antibiotic consumption was estimated 61.6% (n = 914). Based on the logistic regression analysis, in the adjusted analysis, girls were associated with self-medication consumption of antibiotics lower than boys’ children (p = 0.016). Older mothers were lower self-medication consumption of antibiotics than youngers (p = 0.001). Moreover, the permanent job of fathers was associated with lower self-medication consumption of antibiotics than temporarily and unemployment (p = .001). The odds of self-medication consumption of antibiotics were increasing with the increase in age of children (OR: 1.21, CI95%: 1.12, 1.31 and p = 0.001). The increase in parity has been a significant association with the self-medication consumption of antibiotics (OR: 1.64, CI95%: 1.38, 1.95and p = 0.001).

Conclusion
Results of this study show that some factors such as children’s age, gender, mother’s age, father’s occupational status, and parity are the determinants that significantly impact the self-medication prevalence.
Clinical value of AKR1B10 in hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Zixiang , Pei Yinxuan , Li Weiwei , Zhang Jingxiao , Liu Jinlong 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundTo evaluate the clinical value of Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) in the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsA search of the PubMed, China Biology Medicine, Cochrane, and Embase databases was performed to conduct meta-analyses to evaluate the accuracy of AKR1B10 in diagnosing HCC and to assess the impact on prognosis of patients after curative resection of HCC.ResultsA total of 12 different cohorts from 11 studies including 2747 HCC patients and 2053 controls showed that the pooled specificity and the pooled sensitivity of AKR1B10 for the diagnosis of HCC were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.69–0.85) and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.77–0.90), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of serum AKR1B10 for the diagnosis of HCC were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.70–0.86) and 0.87 (95% CI: 0.77–0.93), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AKR1B10 in malignant tumor tissue for the diagnosis of HCC were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.61–0.89) and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.69–0.90), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AKR1B10 to distinguish HCC from benign liver disease were 0.71 (95% CI: 0.62–0.78) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.77–0.89), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of AKR1B10 combined with alpha fetoprotein (AFP) in the diagnosis of HCC were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.79–0.88) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.73–0.95), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of AKR1B10 in malignant tumor tissue for the diagnosis of early-stage HCC were 0.85 (95% CI: 0.62–0.95) and 0.88 (95% CI: 0.81–0.93), respectively. A meta-analysis of five studies including 798 patients demonstrated that high AKR1B10 expression in liver malignant tumor was associated with better overall survival in patients with HCC after hepatectomy (HR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.41–0.72, p < 0.001).ConclusionsAKR1B10 exhibits a great clinical value in the diagnosis of HCC, especially for early-stage HCC, with excellent diagnostic accuracy. Furthermore, AKR1B10 expression can predict the prognosis of HCC patients after hepatic resection.
Determinants of late-onset neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Arba-Minch general hospital, southern Ethiopia
Authors: Aydiko Alemseged , Gultie Teklemariam , Fetene Abebe Gossa , Ginbeto Temesgen , Gendisha Ukke Gebresilasea 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Neonatal sepsis can be either early (<7 Days) or late-onset ≥7days) neonatal sepsis depending on the day of the occurrence. Despite the decrement in early onset neonatal sepsis, there is still an increment in late-onset neonatal sepsis. Ethiopian demography and health survey report showed an increment in neonatal mortality in 2019/20.

Objective
The objective of this study was to assess the determinants of late-onset neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Arba-Minch general hospital, southern Ethiopia.

Methods
An institution based study was conducted from March 1, 2021, to June 30, 2021 in Arba-Minch general hospital. Cases were neonates diagnosed with late-onset neonatal sepsis with their index mother chart and controls were neonates admitted with other diagnoses at the same period. Cases and controls were selected consecutively. Data extraction tool and interview which was developed by reviewing different kinds of literature was used to collect data. Data were entered by using Epi data version 3.1software and transformed to Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 software for analysis. The binary logistic regression model was used to assess determinants and variables with a p-value <0.2 were transformed to multivariable logistic regression then, a p-value < 0.05 with 95% confidence interval were used to declare significant association with the outcome variable.

Result
A total of 180 subjects (60 cases and 120 controls) were included in this study. The mean age of neonates was 12.1 days with standard deviations of 4.3. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that; history of either sexually transmitted disease /urinary tract infection [AOR = 9.4; 95%CI(3.1–28.5)], being preterm (gestational age of <37 weeks) [AOR = 4.9; 95%CI (1.7–13.7)], use of endotracheal intubation/mechanical intubation [AOR = 8.3; 95%CI (1.8–26.4)]and either mixed types of infant feeding option or formula feeding before admission [AOR = 12.7; 95%CI(3.7–42.8)]were significantly associated with late-onset neonatal sepsis.

Conclusion and recommendations
This study revealed that antenatal, intrapartum and postpartum factors have shown an association with late-onset neonatal sepsis. It is recommended to strengthen counseling and advice to mothers with specific risk factors of late-onset neonatal sepsis.
Okwui Enwezor: The Art of Curating, Jane Chin Davidson and Alpesh Kantilal Patel (eds)
Authors: Konieczny Joseph 
Published: December 2022

Review of: Okwui Enwezor: The Art of Curating, Jane Chin Davidson and Alpesh Kantilal Patel (eds)

Nka: Journal of Contemporary African Art, 48, May 2021, 152 pp.,
ISSN: 1478-0211-60, $27.00 USD
A journey following childbirth trauma
Authors: Pitchford Claire 
Published: December 2022

Back in 2015 I gave birth to my first child and had a complicated birth and postnatal experience. I suffered birth trauma and I was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) when my baby was eight months old. Whilst I mostly dealt with the mental and physical difficulties of PTSD with therapy, what I was not prepared for nor do I think I’ll fully get over, was the effect the investigation report into my birth had on my mental well-being. Writing became part of my therapy. In fact, my therapist prescribed it as ‘homework’ at the time. I had not written creatively prior to this and I didn’t understand how writing would benefit my well-being positively. What I learned along the course of my therapy was the power the written word has in healing a hurt and damaged soul. I maintained a blog and could see my healing progress as time moved on.
Therapy for me has since finished but I still try to write when I can. I do this often around my child’s birthday as I struggle most with memories from the time of birth. I write when I feel emotionally overwhelmed and I feel a release in this process. Whilst I do not think my pieces are award winning, each holds a period of time when my emotions ran high and to me, they have become precious notes capturing the rawness unique to my experiences and where others may also find some comfort in that they’re not alone.
I will share some of these pieces with you. Dedicated to anyone who has suffered birth trauma or from the effects of poor communication and lack of acknowledgement around psychological harm, this is for you.
Long-term forecasting for growth of electricity load based on customer sectors
Authors: Sujito Sujito , Hadi Ridho Riski , Gumilar Langlang , Syah Abdullah Iskandar , Falah Moh. Zainul , Duy Tran Huy 
Published: December 2022

The availability of electrical energy is an important issue. Along with the growth of the human population, electrical energy also increases. This study addresses problems in the operation of the electric power system. One of the problems that occur is the power imbalance due to scale growth between demand and generation. Alternative countermeasures that can be done are to prepare for the possibility that will occur in the future or what we are familiar with forecasting. Forecasting using the multiple linear regression method with this research variable assumes the household sector, business, industry, and public sectors, and is considered by the influence of population, gross regional domestic product, and District Minimum Wage. In forecasting, it is necessary to evaluate the accuracy using mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). MAPE evaluation results show a value of 0.142 % in the household sector, 0.085 % in the business sector, 1.983 % in the industrial sector, and 0.131 % in the total customer sector.
Perspektywa poznawcza w badaniach ruchów społecznych: przypadek ruchów na rzecz sprawiedliwości klimatycznej
Authors: Pluciński Przemysław 
Published: December 2022

Łagodzenie i adaptacja do zmian klimatu to dwa krytyczne wyzwania cywilizacyjne, wobec których staje wiele podmiotów społecznych. Celem artykułu jest analiza fenomenu polskich ruchów społecznych na rzecz sprawiedliwości klimatycznej za pomocą „podejścia poznawczego”, wprowadzonego i rozwijanego przez Rona Eyermana i Andrew Jamisona. Artykuł podejmuje dwa główne problemy. Po pierwsze, zawiera rekonstrukcję konceptualno-metodologicznych ram dla badań nad aktywizmem na rzecz sprawiedliwości klimatycznej. Po drugie, prezentuje wstępne rozpoznanie uniwersów poznawczych i praktyk polskich ruchów na rzecz sprawiedliwości klimatycznej, opierając się na desk research oraz badaniach opartych na 30 wywiadach pogłębionych przeprowa dzonych w trzech polskich miastach (Poznań, Wrocław, Warszawa). Artykuł wskazuje również na luki badawcze, identyfikując przede wszystkim potrzebę większego zaangażowania nauk społecznych w działania na rzecz łagodzenia zmian klimatu, w tym otwarcia środowiska akademickiego na perspektywy oddolne.
A probability distribution of dependencies in interlanguage
Authors: Hao Yuxin , Wang Xuelin , Bin Shuai , Liu Haitao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe diversity of syntactic units in second language has attracted much scholarly attention. Most existing studies on syntactic diversity have focused on only a small number of syntactic structures, and it is difficult to find studies that consider the full range of syntactic dependencies present in the dataset. Based on a syntactic annotated interlanguage corpus that we constructed, this paper is a quantitative study of dependencies in English-speaking Chinese learners’ interlanguage across proficiency levels. We fit the frequency distributions of dependency type, word class (both as dependent and governor), verb as a governor, and noun as a dependent with a modified right-truncated Zipf-Alekseev distribution and Zipf’s law. Our findings show that: (1) from the mathematical model, interlanguage followed distributional regularities like natural languages in terms of the syntactic structure distribution; (2) most of the determination coefficients’R2were high, indicating that the investigated distributions in interlanguage fit the distributional law finding in natural languages. This also demonstrated that both interlanguages and natural languages consistently conform to the law of linguistic diversity and uniformity; (3) the dependency relation distribution parametersaandbmanifest the developmental trend of L2 learners’ proficiency levels, demonstrating that the parameters had universal applicability in reflecting interlanguage proficiency.
Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and adverse reproductive outcomes in women: current status and future perspectives
Authors: Rafiee Ata , Hoseini Mohammad , Akbari Sadaf , Mahabee-Gittens E. Melinda 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous, toxic environmental chemicals that can cause adverse reproductive health effects. The objectives of this mini-review are to highlight the adverse reproductive outcomes due to PAH exposure with the main focus on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and premature ovarian failure (POF) and to provide perspectives on future research needs.

Content
We reviewed studies that have reported the adverse reproductive outcomes associated with PAHs exposures in women through a comprehensive search of bibliographic databases and gray literature sources. In addition, potentially modifiable sources of exposure to PAHs and associated reproductive outcomes were also investigated.

Summary
A total of 232 papers were retrieved through a comprehensive search of bibliographic databases, out of which three studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Results showed that exposure to PAHs is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes defined as PCOS, POF, and reproductive hormone imbalance. Sources of PAH exposure associated with adverse reproductive outcomes include active and passive tobacco smoking, specific cooking methods, and pesticides.

Outlook
Future studies are warranted to examine the mechanisms by which PAHs result in adverse reproductive endpoints in women. Further, environmental exposures that are potentially modifiable such as exposure to tobacco smoke, may contribute to PAH exposure, and these exposures should be targeted in future policies and interventions.
ЗДОРОВЬЕСБЕРЕГАЮЩИЕ ПРАКТИКИ МОЛОДЕЖИ РОСТОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ (НА МАТЕРИАЛАХ ЭМПИРИЧЕСКОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ)
Authors: Зарбалиев Вадим Загиддинович 
Published: December 2022

Целью исследования является анализ действий молодежи Ростовской области в отношении своего здоровья.
Теоретико-методологическая база исследования. Методологический конструкт исследования здоровьесберегающих практик выстроен с опорой на структуралистский конструктивизм П. Бурдье. Исследование проводилось методом анкетного опроса, респондентами выступили представители молодежи Ростовской области от 18 до 35 лет.
Результаты. В статье представлены результаты авторского социологического исследования, проведенного методом анкетного опроса, направленного на анализ действий молодежи Ростовской области в отношении своего здоровья. В рамках социологического исследования осуществлено выделение разделов, включающих следующие вопросы: субъективная оценка здоровья, физическая активность, здоровое питание, медицинский туризм, поведение во время болезни. Последний блок вопросов был посвящен здоровьеразрушающим практикам, где затрагивались проблемы курения и потребления алкоголя.
Более половины респондентов оценивают свое здоровье как хорошее. Опрошенные с различной частотой занимаются физической культурой и спортом. Среди причин, по которым не удается заниматься спортом, респонденты называли: отсутствие свободного времени, отсутствие мотивации, состояние здоровья, отсутствие финансовой возможности посещать спортивные залы и др. В большинстве случаев при возникновении заболевания опрошенные занимаются самолечением. Некоторые респонденты обращались к таким методам лечения, как гомеопатия, остеопатия, акупунктура и др. Лица, которые ни при каких условиях не стали бы обращаться к гомеопатии, ждут научного подтверждения и опасаются непредсказуемых побочных эффектов.
Перспективы исследования. В перспективе при проведении масштабного исследования возможно выявить распространенность здоровьесберегающих и здоровьеразрушающих практик молодежи Ростовской области.
МЕТАМОРФОЗЫ ВОСПИТАНИЯ В ИНФОРМАЦИОННОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ФИЛОСОФСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ
Authors: Матяш Тамара Петровна 
Published: December 2022

Актуальность темы. Цели, методы, средства ориентированного на разумность процесса традиционного воспитания обнаружили слабую коррелятивность ценностям, доминирующим в информационном обществе, что не нашло широкого обсуждения в современной философской мысли.
Цель исследования состоит в рассмотрении доминирующих в информационном обществе ценностей, в обосновании неизбежности вызова с их стороны традиционному воспитательному процессу, в проектировании тактик воспитания, коррелятивных информационному обществу и его ценностям.
Методологическую базу исследования составили методы социально-философского анализа, в частности системный подход и метод социально-исторических параллелей, а также общефилософские методы интерпретации, обобщения, абстрагирования, анализа, синтеза, дедукции, индукции, сравнения.
Результаты исследования: обосновано, что цели, методы и средства процесса воспитания коррелятивны существующему в обществе отношению к ценностям разумности и спонтанности; показано, что в информационном обществе произошел окончательный выход спонтанности из-под гнета рациональности, и объяснено, почему это привело к обессмысливанию ориентированного на ценность разумности традиционного воспитания и его главных компонентов — послушания и запрета; проинтерпретированы мысли Ф. Ницше, Ортега-и-Гассета, свящ. П. Флоренского, согласно которым спонтанность (титаническое, по определению свящ. П. Флоренского) — это природа человека, источник мощи и энергии всякой его деятельности, как стихийно-разрушительной, так и разумно-созидательной; обосновано, что воспитательный процесс в ситуации доминирования спонтанного (титанического) требует разработки особой тактики перенаправления титанического к разумно-созидательной деятельности, сопряженной с деланием добра; проанализированы предложенные свящ. П. Флоренским религиозные тактики такого перенаправления; показано, что в истории советского общества успешно была реализована программа воспитания, использующая нерелигиозную тактику направления спонтанности к созидательной деятельности.
Перспективы исследования состоят в дальнейшем изучении возможных средств и методов процесса воспитания, учитывающего спонтанную составляющую человеческой сущности.
Greater occipital nerve block in patients with primary headache and early term results
Authors: KIR Hasan Hüseyin 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: Peripheral nerve blocks have long been used in headache treatment and greater occipital nerve (GON) blocks are the most frequently preferred peripheral nerve blocks in patients with headaches in the past years. In this study, the efficacy of GON blocks in patients with primary headache disorders was evaluated.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study was undertaken in April 2021 and April 2022. One hundred twenty-one patients with primary headache disorders were included. Changes in the duration and frequency of headache attacks, pain severity, and type of oral medication before and after the injection treatment during the first and third months of follow-up were evaluated.
Results: The number of headache attacks decreased from 13 to 5 and the visual analogue scale(VAS) score decreased from 9 to 5 at the end of the third month in the migraine group. Similarly, the number of headache attacks decreased from 17 to 7 and the VAS score decreased from 8 to 4 in tension-type headache (TTH) group. Improvements in all parameters were found to be statistically significant in both groups.
Conclusion: GON block is a low-cost, rapid and minimally invasive treatment, and our data support that this method can be an effective treatment option in patients with migraine and TTH who are resistant to oral medication by reducing the number, frequency and severity of headache attacks. In conclusion, GON blockade should be considered by clinicians as a primary treatment option in patients with migraine and TTH resistant to oral medication.
Toraks cerrahisinde postoperatif analjezide intratekal morfin: Tek merkez deneyimi
Authors: TÜRKTAN Mediha , GÜLEÇ Ersel 
Published: January 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada kliniğimizde toraks cerrahisi uygulanan hastalarda postoperatif analjezi amaçlı intratekal morfin kullanımı ile ilgili deneyimlerimizi sunmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada Ocak 2020-Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında toraks cerrahisi geçiren ve postoperatif analjezi amaçlı intratekal morfin uygulanan toplam 18 erişkin hastanın dosyası ve anestezi formları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Grup 1;10 mcg/kg intratekal morfin, Grup 2; 7 mcg/kg intratekal morfin uygulanan grup olarak ikiye ayrıldı. Hastaların demografik verileri, uygulanan morfin dozları, anestezi ve cerrahi süreleri, intraoperatif anestezik ajan tüketimleri, postoperatif hemodinamik verileri, ağrı düzeyleri, ek analjezik ihtiyaçları ve yan etkiler incelendi.
Bulgular: Hastaların 12’sine (% 66,7) ideal vücut ağırlığına göre 10 mcg/kg, 6’sına (%33,3) 7 mcg/kg intratekal morfin uygulandığı tespit edildi. İntraoperatif anestezik ajan tüketimi Grup 1’de Grup 2’ye kıyasla daha düşük bulundu, ancak aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildi. Postoperatif 12, 24 ve 48. saatlerde dinlenme sırasında bakılan ağrı düzeyleri Grup 1’de istatistiksel olarak daha düşük. Postoperatif 12, 18, 24 ve 48. saatlerde efor sırasında bakılan ağrı düzeyleri de Grup 1’de istatistiksel olarak daha düşük bulundu.
Sonuç: Toraks cerrahisi hastalarında uygulanan intratekal morfin güvenli bir postoperatif analjezi seçeneğidir. Bu amaçla 10 mcg/kg dozunda uygulanan intratekal morfinin 7 mcg/kg’e göre daha etkin analjezi sağladığı kanaatindeyiz.
Types and characteristics of gingival enlargements
Authors: Bamani Mervat Said , Al Malki Nadiyah Hassan , Alghamdi Zohair Masood , Alghamdi Somaya Abdulkarim , Alotaibi Amr Omair , Kamel Amr Mohammed , Alnasser Faten Abdullah , Alhazmi Maryam Sabeh , Faloudah Ahlam Mohammed Saeed , Alsharif Ruba Mohammed , Al Hazmi Amira Mohsen 
Published: December 2022

One of the common symptoms of gingival disorders is gingival hypertrophy. However, the practitioner finds it difficult to diagnose these entities because of their diverse manifestations. According to their etiology and pathogenesis, site, volume, severity, etc., they can be grouped. A differential diagnosis can be made using the available information and clinical experience. The practitioner then provides a definitive diagnosis or a diagnosis of elimination following a thorough examination. The care of these lesions and the control of their recurrence entirely rely on an accurate diagnosis, so it is crucial. Further, a proper diagnosis of these enlargements may save the patient's life or at the very least initiate therapy early and enhance their quality of life in situations when gingival enlargement (GE) may be the first indicator of possibly deadly systemic disorders. When making a differential diagnosis of local (isolated, discrete, regional) or widespread GE, one can maintain a broad perspective by being conscious of the presence of typical and uncommon GE forms.