bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of developmental relationships on the well‐being of youth in high‐stress families
Authors: Scales Peter C. , Roehlkepartain Eugene C. , Houltberg Benjamin J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn this research, we investigate the effects of parent‐youth developmental relationships on 15 psychological and social‐emotional outcomes for 633 matched pairs of adolescents and parents (50% low‐income), including 176 who met the criteria for being high‐stress families.BackgroundFamily stress and childhood adversity have a significant negative impact on youth development, but positive family relationships can ameliorate those effects. Previous research has primarily focused on the affective and discipline domains, with a reliance on retrospective recall of childhood adversity and family stress.MethodThis paper engaged adolescents and parents in paper‐and‐pen and online surveys. Analyses are completed using logistic regression.ResultsYouth from high‐stress families who had strong developmental relationships with parents were 7 to 33 times more likely to report positive developmental outcomes in comparison to youth from high‐stress families with weaker developmental relationships with parents. By including a wide range of 15 psychological and social–emotional positive youth development outcomes, our current study illuminates a breadth of positive development that is promoted when families are able to construct strong developmental relationships, despite experiencing significant life stresses.ConclusionParent–child developmental relationships can ameliorate potential negative effects of childhood adversity and family stress on positive youth development.ImplicationsProgram and resource supports for strengthening parent–child developmental relationships are a necessary and critical part of the needed comprehensive response to adverse childhood experiences and family stress.
Quality of life in Werner syndrome and associated subjective foot/ankle symptoms: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Kitagawa Yuka , Amemiya Ayumi , Ogata Hideyuki , Koshizaka Masaya , Shoji Mayumi , Maezawa Yoshiro , Akita Shinsuke , Mitsukawa Nobuyuki , Yokote Koutaro 
Published: January 2023

AimThe aims of this study were to assess the general quality of life and foot/ankle health‐related quality of life among subjects with Werner syndrome (WS) and to determine subjective foot/ankle symptoms associated with quality of life.MethodsUsing a questionnaire survey, patients were asked to provide information on age, sex and presence of subjective symptoms and complete both the 36‐Item Short Form Health Survey (SF‐36) questionnaire and the Self‐Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE‐Q). Statistical analyses were performed using Student's t‐test, the Mann–Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test and Spearman's rank correlation.ResultsData from 12 patients with an average age of 54 ± 8.6 years were analyzed. The mean SF‐36 score for the domain of physical functioning was 21.2; for role–physical function, 32.6; for bodily pain, 38.5; for general health, 34.4; for vitality, 44.8; for social function, 38.5; for role–emotional function and for mental health, 46.7. The mean mental component summary was as high as the national standard, but it was low in men. The mean SAFE‐Q scores were also low. Patients with ulcers had significantly more pain and low general health perception. As compared with the national standard, the role/social component score was not low, and there was a correlation in most domains of the SAFE‐Q.ConclusionIn WS, the general health‐related quality of life was low overall in the physical domain and low only in men for the mental domain, whereas it was low in the social domain when foot/ankle health‐related quality of life was low. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 188–193.
Analysis of drug‐induced liver‐related adverse event trend reporting between 1997 and 2019
Authors: Kamimura Hiroteru , Setsu Toru , Kimura Naruhiro , Miyazawa Makoto , Kaneko Shota , Kamimura Kenya , Tsuchiya Atsunori , Uesawa Yoshihiro , Terai Shuji 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to analyze the current trends of drug‐induced liver‐related adverse events in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) databases.MethodsThe characteristics of implicated drugs were investigated by analyzing big data on drug‐induced liver‐related adverse events over the past 20 years in FAERS, comparing drug rankings between the JADER and FAERS databases, and calculating rankings of drugs inducing liver‐related adverse events using the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities Terminology.ResultsIn the 452 272 cases registered in FAERS from 1997 to 2019, warfarin, paracetamol, and adalimumab were the drugs most related to drug‐induced liver injury (DILI). In the 38 919 cases registered in JADER from 2004 to 2019, sorafenib, nivolumab, and herbal extracts were the drugs most related to DILI. No associations were found between the top 30 drugs in either of the two databases. Notably, the number of drug‐induced liver‐related adverse event reports and total adverse events has sharply increased in recent years.ConclusionsAlthough liver‐related adverse events are largely caused by host immunity and other constitutional factors, differences in primary diseases, countries, and historical backgrounds lead to differences in the number of reports. Securing an appropriate database and a mechanism to collect real‐time information on the frequency of adverse drug reactions is warranted.
Function and evolution of the aquaporin IsAQP1 in the Lyme disease vector Ixodes scapularis
Authors: Tsujimoto Hitoshi , Metz Hillery C. , Smith Alexis A. , Sakamoto Joyce M. , Pal Utpal , Rasgon Jason L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTicks are important vectors of pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and protozoans to humans, wildlife, and domestic animals. Due to their life cycles, ticks face significant challenges related to water homeostasis. When blood‐feeding, they must excrete water and ions, but when off‐host (for stretches lasting several months), they must conserve water to avoid desiccation. Aquaporins (AQPs), a family of membrane‐bound water channels, are key players in osmoregulation in many animals but remain poorly characterized in ticks. Here, we bioinformatically identified AQP‐like genes from the deer tick Ixodes scapularis and used phylogenetic approaches to map the evolution of the aquaporin gene family in arthropods. Most arachnid AQP‐like sequences (including those of I. scapularis) formed a monophyletic group clustered within aquaglycerolporins (GLPs) from bacteria to vertebrates. This gene family is absent from insects, revealing divergent evolutionary paths for AQPs in different hematophagous arthropods. Next, we sequenced the full‐length cDNA of I. scapularis aquaporin 1 (IsAQP1) and expressed it heterologously in Xenopus oocytes to functionally characterize its permeability to water and solutes. Additionally, we examined IsAQP1 expression across different life stages and adult female organs. We found IsAQP1 is an efficient water channel with high expression in salivary glands prior to feeding, suggesting it plays a role in osmoregulation before or during blood feeding. Its functional properties are unique: unlike most GLPs, IsAQP1 has low glycerol permeability, and unlike most AQPs, it is insensitive to mercury. Together, our results suggest IsAQP1 plays an important role in tick water balance physiology and that it may hold promise as a target of novel vector control efforts.
Dynamics of control on digital platforms
Authors: Ens Nicola , Hukal Philipp , Blegind Jensen Tina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDigital platforms are supraorganizational entities that use digital technology to facilitate interactions between diverse actors, leading to novel forms of organisation and accompanying forms of control. The current Information Systems (IS) literature, however, struggles to describe control on digital platforms in a way that does justice to the dynamic character of the phenomenon. Taking this as an opportunity, we follow the enactment of control over time and across parties in a hybrid ethnographic study of the social commerce platform Poshmark. Specifically, we conceptualise the dynamics of control as changes in the means of control—formal or informal—and the sources of control—operator or participants—over time. Tracking these conceptual dimensions, we identify the distinct ways control has changed on Poshmark. Synthesising these findings into four dynamics of control, we show that control on digital platforms is rarely static due to aggregate effects arising from the operator and from participant interactions with each other through the digital features deployed on the platform. Based on these insights, our study contributes to the IS literature on control by broadening the conception of control on digital platforms. The theoretical and practical insights generated in this paper thereby lay the foundation for the systematic study of the dynamics of control that are unique to platform environments.
Glass transition, topology, and elastic models of Se‐based glasses
Authors: Chbeir Ralph , Welton Aaron , Burger Matthew , Chakravarty Soumendu , Dash Shreeram , Bhosle Siddhesh , Gunasekera Kapila , Almutairi Badriah S. , Goodman Bernard , Micoulaut Matthieu , Boolchand Punit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFeatures intrinsic to disorder and network aspects are ubiquitous in structural glasses. Among this important class of materials, chalcogenide glasses are special—they are built of short‐range covalent forces, making them simpler than silicate glasses that possess mixed ionic and covalent forces. Selenium‐based glasses also display complex elastic phase transitions that have been described from various models, including mean‐field approaches to molecular simulations. These point to the presence of two sharply defined elastic phase transitions, a rigidity and stress transition that are non‐mean‐field in character, and separate the three distinct topological phases of flexible, isostatically rigid, and stressed‐rigid. This article reviews the physics of these glassy networks. The elastic phases and glass transition temperature are explained on a molecular level in terms of topological constraint theory (TCT), connectivity, and the open degrees of freedom. The broader aspects of TCT in relation to phase change materials, high‐k dielectrics, and cements are also commented upon.
Metaverse‐Based Learning Through Children's School Space Design
Authors: Dreamson Neal , Park Gayoung 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMetaverse is understood with technological terms such as augmented reality, lifelogging, mirrored worlds, and virtual worlds, and using a metaverse platform is considered an emerging form of learning. Yet, its pedagogical features, such as self‐learning, collaborative learning, and learning‐by‐doing, are identical to those of online learning. In this study, we argue that metaverse‐based learning refers to a new reality learners create by assuming that the existence of reality is different in the metaverse. We extracted six educational values in epistemological and ontological senses, reviewing the four realities of the metaverse, including virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality, and extended reality, which is a way to avoid technological determinists'; approach to education. Based on the values – bottom‐up, collaboration, authorship, ownership, interconnectivity, and community, primary school children's (year 5 & 6) groups (n = 20) redesigned 20 assigned school spaces such as classroom teacher office, science room, and music room on their chosen metaverse platforms. Throughout the thematic analysis of design artifacts, activity scenarios, and reflection &amp; presentation, we discovered four themes: collaborative learning with co‐ownership and co‐authorship; being interconnected with all living and non‐living things; co‐participants with different roles; and transdisciplinary research‐driven learning, which is used to articulate a framework for metaverse‐based learning, which is different from online learning.
The Online Studio: Cultures, Perceptions and Questions for the Future
Authors: Murray Ainslie , Fox Jonathan , Sleight Joshua , Oldfield Philip 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe investigated the impact of the transition to online architectural design studios in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia. The study focussed specifically on student and tutor perceptions of online design studio before the sudden transition to online delivery, and how those perceptions shifted through the initial months of online delivery. We consider the pedagogical context in which the shift to online teaching took place and the evident successes and failures in the early iterations of online studio. We discuss similar and contrasting perceptions in student and tutor groups and observe the changes in these perceptions prior to and after teaching and learning in online studios. The paper concludes with a series of questions directed to the architectural design studio teaching community regarding the apparent inevitability of a future in which both FTF and online‐only studios are surpassed with hybrid design studios.
A Faustian bargain? Rethinking the role of debt in law students' career choices
Authors: Boutcher Steven A. , Houle Jason N. , Raup‐Kounovksy Anna , Seron Carroll 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDespite the absence of strong empirical evidence to support the relationship, legal scholars have long argued that a model of financing legal education through student debt makes it difficult, if not impossible, for most students to take seriously a career path in government and public interest (GPI) law, where salaries are generally lower than private, corporate practice. Drawing from a multiwave, panel survey of law students, we take advantage of a unique tuition remission intervention that occurred at the founding of University of California Irvine (UCI) Law, resulting in a natural, quasi‐experiment. Using ordinary least squares regression and an instrumental variables approach, we ask whether law student debt influences the likelihood that students will (1) launch their careers in the GPI and (2) aspire to the GPI sector 5 years after graduation. We find little to no evidence that student debt is a barrier to a graduate's decision to take a position in the GPI sector at career launch or that debt is a factor in a graduate's career aspirations at UCI law school during the study period. These counterintuitive findings provoke new questions about our understanding of debt in the context of legal education and the types of interventions that might facilitate greater entry into the public sector.
Vitamin D levels in the assessment of Crohn's disease activity and their relation to nutritional status and inflammation
Authors: Zheng Y. , Li Z.‐B. , Wu Z.‐Y. , Zhang K.‐J. , Liao Y.‐J. , Wang X. , Cen Z.‐X. , Dai S.‐X. , Ma W.‐J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCrohn's disease (CD) is frequently associated with malnutrition, inflammation and a deficiency of vitamin D (VD) with the relationships between these symptoms being poorly defined. VD is a modulator of the immune system and is associated with the onset of CD and disease activity. The level of serum VD may have potential in the assessment of CD activity. This study aimed to evaluate the relationships between VD, nutritional status and inflammation, and to identify more accurate VD thresholds.MethodsThe study included 76 outpatients with CD diagnosed between October 2018 and October 2020 and 76 healthy volunteers. Levels of serum 25(OH)D and nutritional indicators, as well as biochemical and disease activity assessments, were conducted.ResultsPatients with CD and healthy participants were found to differ significantly in their 25(OH)D levels as well in levels of nutritional and inflammatory indicators. The optimal VD cut‐off value was found to be 46.81 nmol/L for CD development and 35.32 nmol/L for disease activity. Levels of 25(OH)D were correlated with both nutritional status and inflammation.ConclusionsThe VD level is likely to be a useful additional tool in the evaluation of CD patients and predicting the disease activity and clinical response. The VD level may relate both to the nutritional status and levels of inflammation in CD patients, and disease progression.
Ecomorphological patterns in trigeminal canal branching among sauropsids reveal sensory shift in suchians
Authors: Lessner Emily J. , Dollman Kathleen N. , Clark James M. , Xu Xing , Holliday Casey M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe vertebrate trigeminal nerve is the primary mediator of somatosensory information from nerve endings across the face, extending nerve branches through bony canals in the face and mandibles, terminating in sensory receptors. Reptiles evolved several extreme forms of cranial somatosensation in which enhanced trigeminal tissues are present in species engaging in unique mechanosensory behaviors. However, morphology varies by clade and ecology among reptiles. Few lineages approach the extreme degree of tactile somatosensation possessed by crocodylians, the only remaining members of a clade that underwent an ecological transition from the terrestrial to semiaquatic habitat, also evolving a specialized trigeminal system. It remains to be understood how trigeminal osteological correlates inform how adaptations for enhanced cranial sensation evolved in crocodylians. Here we identify an increase in sensory abilities in Early Jurassic crocodylomorphs, preceding the transitions to a semiaquatic habitat. Through quantification of trigeminal neurovascular canal branching patterns in an extant phylogenetic bracket we quantify and identify morphologies associated with sensory behaviors in representative fossil taxa, we find stepwise progression of increasing neurovascular canal density, complexity, and distribution from the primitive archosaurian to the derived crocodilian condition. Model‐based inferences of sensory ecologies tested on quantified morphologies of extant taxa with known sensory behaviors indicate a parallel increase in sensory abilities among pseudosuchians. These findings establish patterns of reptile trigeminal ecomorphology, revealing evolutionary patterns of somatosensory ecology.
Perceived quality of life and associated factors in long COVID syndrome among older Brazilians: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Salci Maria Aparecida , Carreira Lígia , Baccon Wanessa Cristina , Marques Francielle Renata Danielli Martins , Höring Carla Franciele , Oliveira Magda Lúcia Félix de , Milan Natália Simeão , de Souza Flávia Cristina Sierra , Gallo Adriana Martins , Covre Eduardo Rocha , Dixe Maria Anjos , Querido Ana , Vissoci João Ricardo Nickenig , Facchini Luiz Augusto , Laranjeira Carlos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAims and objectivesThis paper aims to: (a) determine the personal, sociodemographic, clinical, behavioural, and social characteristics of older Brazilians with clinical evidence of long COVID; (b) evaluate perceived quality of life and determine its association with personal, sociodemographic, behavioural, clinical and social variables; and (c) assess significant predictors of high perceived QoL.BackgroundGiven the inherent vulnerabilities of the ageing process, the older people are an at‐risk group for both contagion of SARS‐CoV‐2 and the perpetuation of residual symptoms after infection, the so‐called long COVID or post‐COVID syndrome.DesignA cross‐sectional survey design using the STROBE checklist.MethodsBrazilian older people with long COVID syndrome (n = 403) completed a phone survey measuring personal, sociodemographic, behavioural, clinical, and social characteristics, and perceived Quality of Life (QoL). Data were collected from June 2021–March 2022. A multiple linear regression model was performed to identify salient variables associated with high perceived QoL.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 67.7 ± 6.6 years old. The results of the multivariate regression model showed that race, home ownership, daily screen time, musculoskeletal and anxiety symptoms, and work situation were the significant predictors of QoL among COVID‐19 survivors.ConclusionsKnowledge about the persistence of physical, emotional, and social symptoms of COVID‐19 can help nurses and other healthcare providers to improve the management of survivors, bringing benefits to the whole society.Relevance to clinical practiceGiven the novelty of long‐COVID and its heterogeneous trajectory, interventions focusing on the repercussions and requirements unique to more vulnerable older persons should be developed and these aspects should be included in public health recommendations and policymakers' concerns.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution was required to design, to outcome measures or undertake this research. Patients/members of the public contributed only to the data collection.
Chlorophyll f production in two new subaerial cyanobacteria of the family Oculatellaceae
Authors: Shen Li‐Qin , Zhang Zhong‐Chun , Huang Li , Zhang Lu‐Dan , Yu Gongliang , Chen Min , Li Renhui , Qiu Bao‐Sheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChlorophyll (Chl) f was recently identified in a few cyanobacteria as the fifth chlorophyll of oxygenic organisms. In this study, two Leptolyngbya‐like strains of CCNU0012 and CCNU0013 were isolated from a dry ditch in Chongqing city and a brick wall in Mount Emei Scenic Area in China, respectively. These two strains were described as new species: Elainella chongqingensis sp. nov. (Oculatellaceae, Synechococcales) and Pegethrix sichuanica sp. nov. (Oculatellaceae, Synechococcales) by the polyphasic approach based on morphological features, phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene and secondary structure comparison of 16S‐23S internal transcribed spacer domains. Both strains produced Chl a under white light (WL) but additionally induced Chl f synthesis under far‐red light (FRL). Unexpectedly, the content of Chl f in P. sichuanica was nearly half that in most Chl f‐producing cyanobacteria. Red‐shifted phycobiliproteins were also induced in both strains under FRL conditions. Subsequently, additional absorption peak beyond 700 nm in the FRL spectral region appeared in these two strains. This is the first report of Chl f production induced by FRL in the family Oculatellaceae. This study not only extended the diversity of Chl f‐producing cyanobacteria but also provided precious samples to elucidate the essential binding sites of Chl f within cyanobacterial photosystems.