bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of cytoreductive nephrectomy prior to combination therapy of ipilimumab plus nivolumab in metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Hara Takuto , Furukawa Junya , Shiraishi Yusuke , Okamura Yasuyoshi , Bando Yukari , Terakawa Tomoaki , Harada Kenichi , Nakano Yuzo , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesThe efficacy of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been suggested in the real‐world setting. We retrospectively examined the efficacy of CN prior to nivolumab plus ipilimumab systemic therapy for synchronous mRCC.MethodsSynchronous mRCC patients who received nivolumab plus ipilimumab at Kobe University Hospital or five affiliated hospitals between October 2018 and December 2021 were included in this study. We compared the outcomes of objective response rate (ORR), progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events (AEs) between patients with CN prior to systemic therapy and without CN. In addition, patients were 1:1 matched by propensity scores accounting for factors associated with treatment assignment.ResultsTwenty‐one patients received CN prior to nivolumab plus ipilimumab (Prior CN) and 33 received nivolumab plus ipilimumab alone (Without CN). PFS of the Prior CN group was 10.8 months (95%CI 5.5–NR) and 3.4 months (95%CI 2.0–5.9) for the Without CN group (p = 0.0158). OS of Prior CN was 38.4 months (95%CI NR–NR) and 12.6 months (95%CI 4.2–30.8) for Without CN (p = 0.0024). Univariate and multivariate analyses identified prior CN as a significant prognostic indicator for PFS and OS. Moreover, propensity score matching analysis showed significant improvements in PFS and OS in Prior CN.ConclusionsPatients who underwent CN prior to nivolumab plus ipilimumab systemic therapy for synchronous mRCC had a better prognosis than patients treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab alone. These results suggest the efficacy of prior CN for synchronous mRCC with ICI combination therapy.
Lights, fluorescence, action—Influencing wound treatment plans including debridement of bacteria and biofilms
Authors: Jacob Ashley , Jones Laura M. , Abdo Raymond J. , Cruz‐Schiavone Sebastian F. , Skerker Robert , Caputo Wayne J. , Krehbiel Nathan , Moyer‐Harris Audrey K. , McAtee Alyssa , Baker Isabel , Gray Micaela D. , Rennie Monique Y. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh bacterial loads within chronic wounds increase the risk of infection and complication. Detection and localization of bacterial loads through point‐of‐care fluorescence (FL) imaging can objectively inform and support bacterial treatment decisions. This single time‐point, retrospective analysis describes the treatment decisions made on 1000 chronic wounds (DFUs, VLUs, PIs, surgical wounds, burns, and others) at 211 wound‐care facilities across 36 US states. Clinical assessment findings and treatment plans derived from them, as well as subsequent FL‐imaging (MolecuLight®) findings and any associated treatment plan changes, were recorded for analysis. FL signals indicating elevated bacterial loads were observed in 701 wounds (70.8%), while only 293 (29.6%) showed signs/symptoms of infection. After FL‐imaging, treatment plans changed in 528 wounds as follows: more extensive debridement (18.7%), more extensive hygiene (17.2%), FL‐targeted debridement (17.2%), new topical therapies (10.1%), new systemic antibiotic prescriptions (9.0%), FL‐guided sampling for microbiological analysis (6.2%), and changes in dressing selection (3.2%). These real‐world findings of asymptomatic bacterial load/biofilm incidence, and of the frequent treatment plan changes post‐imaging, are in accordance with clinical trial findings using this technology. These data, from a range of wound types, facilities, and clinician skill sets, suggest that point‐of‐care FL‐imaging information improves bacterial infection management.
Evaluation of an antibacterial peptide‐loaded amniotic membrane/silk fibroin electrospun nanofiber in wound healing
Authors: Moosazadeh Moghaddam Mehrdad , Farhadie Behrouz , Mirnejad Reza , Kooshki Hamid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are among the compounds that have significant potential to deal with infectious skin wounds. Using wound dressings or skin scaffolds containing AMPs can be an effective way to overcome infections caused by antibiotic‐resistant strains. In this study, we developed an amniotic membrane‐based skin scaffold using silk fibroin to improve mechanical properties and CM11 peptide as an antimicrobial peptide. The peptide was coated on the scaffold using the soaking method. The fabricated scaffold was characterised by SEM and FTIR, and their mechanical strength, biodegradation, peptide release, and cell cytotoxicity analyses were performed. Then, their antimicrobial activity was measured against antibiotic‐resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The in vivo biocompatibility of this scaffold was evaluated by subcutaneously implanting it under the skin of the mouse and counting lymphocytes and macrophages in the implanted area. Finally, the regenerative ability of the scaffold was analyzed in the mouse full‐thickness wound model by measuring the wound diameter, H&E staining, and examining the expression rate of genes involved in the wound healing process. The developed scaffolds exerted an inhibiting effect on the bacteria growth, indicating their proper antimicrobial property. In vivo biocompatibility results showed no significant count of macrophages and lymphocytes between the test and control groups. The wound closure rate was significantly higher in the wound covered with fibroin electrospun‐amniotic membrane loaded with 32 μg/mL CM11, where the relative expression rates of collagen I, collagen III, TGF‐β1 and TGF‐β3 were higher compared with the other groups.
CMAS corrosion behavior of a LaPO4 ceramic prepared by spark plasma sintering
Authors: Dong Hongying , Liu Lu , Wang Shaokun , Qi Yingwei , Qi Haolei , Geng Qing , Shuang Yingchai , Ma Wen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAt high temperatures in gas turbines, traditional yttria stabilized zirconia materials fail prematurely owing to CMAS (calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate) corrosion. Thus, new materials need to be developed urgently. In this study, LaPO4 powder was synthesized by chemical coprecipitation and heat treatment using lanthanum nitrate (La(NO3)3∙6H2O) and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4) as starting materials, and LaPO4 bulk was prepared by spark plasma sintering. The surface of the LaPO4 bulk was coated with CMAS (CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2) powder, and the CMAS interaction with the LaPO4 bulk at different temperatures was investigated. The phase and microstructure of the LaPO4 powder and bulk, as well as the CMAS corrosion products, were characterized using X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. The superior CMAS resistance of the LaPO4 bulk was attributed to the low wettability of LaPO4 by the CMAS melt and the development of dense layers of new corrosion products, which effectively protected the LaPO4 bulk from CMAS infiltration.
Engeletin alleviates cerebral ischemia reperfusion‐induced neuroinflammation via the HMGB1/TLR4/NF‐κB network
Authors: Xu Yangyang , Zhang Jie , Gao Fei , Cheng Wenna , Zhang Ye , Wei Chuanmei , Zhang Shuping , Gao Xinfu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh‐mobility group box1 (HMGB1) induces inflammatory injury, and emerging reports suggest that it is critical for brain ischemia reperfusion. Engeletin, a natural Smilax glabra rhizomilax derivative, is reported to possess anti‐inflammatory activity. Herein, we examined the mechanism of engeletin‐mediated neuroprotection in rats having transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) against cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Male SD rats were induced using a 1.5 h tMCAO, following by reperfusion for 22.5 h. Engeletin (15, 30 or 60 mg/kg) was intravenously administered immediately following 0.5 h of ischemia. Based on our results, engeletin, in a dose‐dependent fashion, reduced neurological deficits, infarct size, histopathological alterations, brain edema and inflammatory factors, namely, circulating IL‐1β, TNF‐α, IL‐6 and IFN‐γ. Furthermore, engeletin treatment markedly reduced neuronal apoptosis, which, in turn, elevated Bcl‐2 protein levels, while suppressing Bax and Cleaved Caspase‐3 protein levels. Meanwhile, engeletin significantly reduces overall expressions of HMGB1, TLR4, and NF‐κB and attenuated nuclear transfer of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) p65 in ischemic cortical tissue. In conclusion, engeletin strongly prevents focal cerebral ischemia via suppression of the HMGB1/TLR4/NF‐κB inflammatory network.
Effect of variable temperature levels on drying characteristics and quality indices of rice in continuous drying and multi‐stage intermittent drying
Authors: Wang Hongchao , Che Gang , Wan Lin , Chen Zhengfa , Sun Wensheng , Tang Hao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of variable temperature levels on the drying characteristics and quality indices of rice in continuous drying and multi‐stage intermittent drying (MID). The quality indices of rice were assessed in terms of stress crack index, head rice yield (HRY), color, sensory characteristics, and taste value. Moreover, the microstructure of the cross‐section of rice was analyzed at different variable temperature levels. In addition, the quality indices evaluation of rice was carried out by principal component analysis. The results showed that drying temperature at the same temperature level was positively correlated with stress cracking index and total color difference, negatively correlated with drying time, HRY, whiteness index, and taste value. The MID with Δ5 (45–50°C) temperature level had the highest comprehensive score of 1.431. The results provide a reference for optimizing the drying process for rice.Practical applicationsDrying is a key control step in relation to the yield and quality of rice. A reasonable and effective variable temperature drying process can improve drying efficiency and solve the problem of the limitations of a single temperature heating method. The quality indices evaluation of rice can provide a reference for the optimization of drying parameters for different variable temperature drying processes. Moreover, the variable temperature drying method in this study can improve the adaptability of the process and provide research ideas and technical references for the industrial production and automatic control of variable temperature in rice.
Wealth, Portfolios, and Nonemployment Duration
Authors: FONTAINE FRANÇOIS , JENSEN JANNE NYBORG , VEJLIN RUNE 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe use administrative data on individual balance sheets in Denmark to document how an individual's financial position affects job search behavior. We look at the effect of wealth at the entry into unemployment on the exit rate from unemployment as well as the effect on the subsequent match quality. The detailed data allow us not only to distinguish between liquid and illiquid parts, but also to decompose each of them into assets and liabilities. The decomposition of wealth into these four components is key to understanding how wealth affects job finding rates. In particular, we show that liquid assets reduce the probability of becoming reemployed, but we do not see an effect of liquid liabilities or the illiquid wealth components, while interest payments speed up reemployment. The results on subsequent match quality in form of job duration and wages are mixed.
Provider cultural competence and humility in healthcare interactions with transgender and nonbinary young adults
Authors: Reeves Karli , Job Sarah , Blackwell Christopher , Sanchez Kyle , Carter Shannon , Taliaferro Lindsay 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeTransgender and nonbinary (TGNB) patients experience many barriers when seeking quality healthcare services, including ineffective communication and negative relationships with their providers as well as a lack of provider competence (including knowledge, training, and experience) and humility (engagement in the process of self‐reflection and self‐critique) in treating TGNB individuals. The purpose of this qualitative study was to identify factors associated with cultural competence and humility that facilitate and impede effective relationships between TGNB young adults and their healthcare providers.MethodsData came from individual interviews with 60 young adults aged 18 to 24 from Florida who self‐identified as transgender or nonbinary. We analyzed the data using inductive thematic approaches, and a feminist perspective, to identify themes associated with patient‐provider relationships.ConclusionsWe identified 4 themes related to patient‐provider relationships: (1) Participants indicated effective patient‐provider communication and relationships are facilitated by providers requesting and utilizing TGNB patients' correct names and personal pronouns. (2) Participant narratives conveyed their preferences that providers “follow their lead” in terms of how they described their own anatomy, reinforcing the utility of cultural humility as an approach for interactions with TGNB patients (3) Participants discussed the detrimental effects of TGNB patients having to educate their own providers about their identities and needs, suggesting clinicians' competence regarding gender diversity is paramount to fostering and maintaining patient comfort. (4) Finally, participants' responses indicated concerns regarding the confidentiality and privacy of the information they provided to their providers, suggesting a lack of trust detrimental to the process of building rapport between patients and their providers.Clinical RelevanceOur findings indicate balancing the use of cultural humility and cultural competence during clinical encounters with TGNB young adults can enhance patients' experiences seeking healthcare. Nursing education is often devoid of focus on caring for transgender and nonbinary persons. Additional provider training and education on approaching clinical encounters with TGNB patients with cultural humility and competence should improve patient‐provider communication and relationships, leading to a higher quality of patient care.
Long‐term evaluation of the upper airway following mandibular setback surgery in the patients with mandibular prognathism
Authors: Lee Kyungmin Clara 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the upper airway following mandibular setback surgery.MethodsThe patients underwent mandibular setback surgery and cone‐beam computed tomography scan data obtained at four time points: before surgery, immediately after surgery, short‐ and long‐term follow‐up. Upper airway geometries were segmented and extracted at each time point. Time‐averaged airflow through the upper airway was evaluated at each time point. The measurements of airway volume and minimum cross‐sectional areas were obtained at four time points.ResultsThe airway volume and cross‐sectional areas of airway significantly decreased immediately after surgery (p = 0.013 for airway volume and 0.016 for cross‐sectional area). At short‐term follow‐up, the decreased airway volume and cross‐sectional areas still showed statistically significant difference to original dimension (p = 0.017 for airway volume and 0.006 for cross‐sectional area). At long‐term follow‐up, although there were no statistical significances (p = 0.859 for airway volume and 0.721 for cross‐sectional area), the airway volume and cross‐sectional areas had increased slightly compared to those at short‐term follow‐up.ConclusionsAlthough the airflow and dimensional parameters of the upper airway worsened following mandibular setback surgery, there was a tendency to gradually recover during long‐term follow‐up.
Mandibular condylar hyperplasia and its correlation with vascular endothelial growth factor
Authors: Almeida Luis Eduardo , Cicciù Marco , Doetzer Andrea , Beck Matthew L. , Cervino Gabriele , Minervini Giuseppe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCondylar hyperplasia (CH) is a rare condition characterised by excessive unilateral growth of the mandibular condyle after cessation of growth on the contralateral side causing facial asymmetry, being more prevalent in the second and third decades.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the utility of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF‐A) as a diagnostic and prognostic factor in condylar hyperplasia, and to determine its potential viability as a therapeutic target.MethodsThis is a case–control study, where 17 mandibular condyles specimens were collected from 17 patients treated for active mandibular condyle hyperplasia and three unaffected human mandibular condyles from cadavers will serve as the control group. The samples were immunostained with VEGF‐A antibody and evaluated on both quantity and intensity of staining.ResultsVEGF‐A was qualitatively found to be greatly upregulated in patients with condylar hyperplasia.ConclusionVEGF‐A was qualitatively found to be upregulated in patients affected by CH, validating VEGF‐A as a potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic target.
Oculosystemic pneumocystosis in 2 sibling Chihuahuas
Authors: Johnson Lynelle R. , Hulsebosch Sean E. , Viall Austin K. , Danesi Patrizia , Woolard Kevin D. , Cook Sarah E. , Maggs David J. , Leonard Brian C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSibling female and male Chihuahuas were evaluated for a 9‐month history of tachypnea that failed to respond to fenbendazole, doxycycline, amoxicillin‐clavulanate, and prednisone. Physical examination identified tachypnea, hyperpnea, and harsh bronchovesicular lung sounds. Fundic examination disclosed diffuse chorioretinitis, manifested as multifocal chorioretinal granulomas in the female dog and occasional chorioretinal scars in the male dog. Thoracic radiographs indicated moderate to severe interstitial to broncho‐interstitial infiltrates in both dogs. Serum and urine antigen and antibody testing in the female dog failed to identify infectious agents, but cytologic assessment of hepatic lymph node, liver, and splenic aspirates identified Pneumocystis trophozoites. Infection was confirmed in both dogs by 28S rRNA PCR sequencing from multiple tissue samples. The female dog responded well to trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole, but the male dog was euthanized because of liver failure, presumably related to antimicrobial treatment.
A paradox for tiny probabilities and enormous values
Authors: Beckstead Nick , Thomas Teruji 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe begin by showing that every theory of the value of uncertain prospects must have one of three unpalatable properties. Reckless theories recommend giving up a sure thing, no matter how good, for an arbitrarily tiny chance of enormous gain; timid theories permit passing up an arbitrarily large potential gain to prevent a tiny increase in risk; non‐transitive theories deny the principle that, if is better than and is better than , then must be better than . Having set up this trilemma, we study its horns. Non‐transitivity has been much discussed; we focus on drawing out the costs and benefits of recklessness and timidity when it comes to axiology, decision theory, and normative uncertainty.
The experiences of nurses during the COVID‐19 crisis in India and the role of the state: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Mahapatro Meerambika , Prasad Moksh M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe study documents the lived experience of nurses coping with the double burden of external demands and internal stressors while providing care during the COVID‐19 pandemic in India.MethodsThis qualitative study interviewed 18 female nurses who worked in the COVID wards of a major hospital in India. The one‐on‐one telephonic interviews were conducted with respondents based on three broad open‐ended questions. Thematic analysis was conducted.ResultsThree themes were identified: (i) external demands such as availability, utilization, and management of resources; (ii) internal psychological stressors, such as emotional exhaustion, moral anguish, and social isolation; and (iii) promotive factors such as the roles of the state and society, and of patients and attendantsConclusionsFindings suggest that despite limited resources and facilities, nurses ploughed through the pandemic with their resilience and the state's and society's promotive factors. To improve health care delivery in this crisis, the role of the state and healthcare system has become important to prevent the workforce from crumbling. The sustained attention of the state and society is required to reinstate motivation among nurses by raising the collective value of their contribution and capability.
Immune defences of the mammary gland in dairy ruminants
Authors: Germon Pierre , Martins Rodrigo Prado 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe mammary gland (MG) of ruminants is essential for assuring the immune protection and nutrition of the suckling youngs. The domestication of these species aimed at increasing milk production for human consumption enhanced udder susceptibility to infections and in this context, a better understanding of the MG immune defences has become a cornerstone for the success of dairy farming. In this review, we explore constitutive and inducible immune mechanisms of the mammary gland and briefly discuss the knowledge gaps that remain to be elucidated for the implementation of strategies focused on boosting mammary immune responses.
Cholangiopancreatography in cats: a post‐mortem comparison of MRI with fluoroscopy, corrosion casting and histopathology
Authors: Rahmani Vahideh , Peltonen Juha , Amarilla Shyrley Paola , Spillmann Thomas , Ruohoniemi Mirja 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn human medicine, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a valuable diagnostic tool for hepatobiliary and pancreatic diseases. In veterinary medicine, however, data evaluating the diagnostic value of MRCP are limited. The primary objectives of this prospective, observational, analytical investigation were to assess whether MRCP reliably visualizes the biliary tract and pancreatic ducts in cats without and with related disorders, and whether MRCP images and measurements of the ducts agree with those of fluoroscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (FRCP), corrosion casting and histopathology. A secondary objective was to provide MRCP reference diameters for bile ducts, GB, and pancreatic ducts. Donated bodies of 12 euthanized adult cats underwent MRCP, FRCP, and autopsy with corrosion casting of the biliary tract and pancreatic ducts using vinyl polysiloxane. Diameters of the biliary ducts, gallbladder (GB), and pancreatic ducts were measured using MRCP, FRCP, corrosion casts and histopathologic slides. There was an agreement between MRCP and FRCP in measuring diameters of the GB body, GB neck, cystic duct, and common bile duct (CBD) at papilla. Strong positive correlations existed between MRCP and corrosion casting for measuring GB body and neck, cystic duct, and CBD at the extrahepatic ducts’ junction. In contrast to the reference methods, post‐mortem MRCP did not visualize right and left extrahepatic ducts, and pancreatic ducts in most cats. Based on this study, MRCP with 1.5 Tesla can be regarded as a contributory method to improve the assessment of feline biliary tract and pancreatic ducts when their diameter is >1 mm.