bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a sample cell for Radio Frequency µSR studies of metal nanoparticle systems with surface-adsorbed reactants in mesoporous hosts
Authors: Cottrell S P , Fleming D G 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We have recently begun an investigation of paramagnetic (free-radical) final states formed on metal nanoparticles by muonium (Mu) reactivity with surface-adsorbed molecules. The nanoparticles are incorporated into mesoporous silica, facilitating specific reaction steps in the silica host that involve H-atom transfer reactions important to studies in heterogeneous catalysis. Radio frequency (RF) methods are an essential tool for characterising final state species in these systems, and a non-metallic sample cell is essential for the RF field to penetrate the sample. Unfortunately, several significant problems were encountered during initial experiments using a cell made from PEEK polymer, the most serious being a temporal instability in the signals likely due to reactant molecules adsorbing on the PEEK. This paper discusses the problems encountered using the PEEK cell, and then considers the development of a ceramic cell designed to give better reproducibility in the measurements. The success of this new cell is demonstrated both through off-line tests and by muon measurements, including a series of TF 2G Mu spin precession measurements verifying the temporal stability of the experimental setup. Finally, an RF cavity was fashioned, and RF measurements made for muons stopped in bare silica, with signals from both diamagnetic and paramagnetic muon states clearly seen.
Search of ultracold muonium generation material: muon spin rotation and relaxation study in SiC
Authors: Pant A. D. , Ishida K. , Koda A. , Matoba S. , Nishimura S. , Kawamura N. , Shimomura K. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ultracold muonium (UCMu) is an important muonium (Mu) source for the generation of ultraslow muon beam for nanotechnological applications and understanding hydrogen dynamics in materials. In order to search for a new solid material for the generation of UCMu in vacuum, we have studied polycrystalline SiC using conventional muon spin rotation and relaxation method at low temperatures (5 K – 300 K). The high relaxation rates of Mu formed deep inside from the surface (full-stop case) and near the rear surface (half-stop case) were observed at low transverse field (TF 1.2 G). The relaxation rates of Mu at different temperatures in full-stop and half-stop cases were found to be the same within error-bars indicating the less possibility of emission of the UCMu from the surface of the SiC. We plan further study in KCl, porous silica, and chevron shaped electron rich microporuos materials.
MuSpinSim: spin dynamics calculations for muon science
Authors: Sturniolo Simone , Liborio Leandro , Chadwick Eli , Thomas Jyothish , Mudaraddi Anish 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
MuSpinSim is a Python software to simulate muon (µSR) experiments. In particular, it simulates the spin dynamics of a system of a muon plus other spins such as electrons and atomic nuclei. MuSpinSim can simulate various common experimental setups used in µSR, such as zero, transverse and longitudinal field experiments; and it can simulate µSR experiments that are resolved in time, field, or temperature. Furthermore, MuSpinSim can account for the effects of hyperfine, dipolar, quadrupolar and Zeeman couplings, as well as simulate quantum systems exchanging energy with the environment with the Lindblad master equation. Finally, MuSpinSim can be used to fit experimental µSR data with simulations that use all of the capabilities described above. In this work, we present the Python package MuSpinSim with all the utilities it provides to facilitate simulations of µSR experiments, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of the method with some chosen example systems.
Target Design of MELODY
Authors: Liu Lei , Vassilopoulos Nikolaos , Bao Yu , Zhang Gang , Chen Cong , Tan Zhixin , He Ning 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Muon station for sciEnce, technoLOgy and inDustrY (MELODY) is foreseen to be the first muon source in China and to be located at the China Spallation Neutron Source in Dongguan. The stand-alone target station has been studied for the surface muons and the pions production. In this report, we aim to describe the design of the target station, including the mechanical design, the radiation shielding and optimization of the target in order to provide the highest rates of surface muons and pions to the capture solenoids under certain emittance selections.
Design of the First μSR Spectrometer at China Spallation Neutron Source
Authors: Li Qiang , Pan Ziwen , Bao Yu , Yang Tianyi , Cheng Hui , Li Yang , Hu Haitao , Liang Hao , Ye Bangjiao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Phase II upgrade project of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) includes the construction of a surface muon beam line and a muon spin rotation/relaxation/resonance (μSR) spectrometer, which will be the first μSR spectrometer built in China. Here, we report the conceptual design of the spectrometer, including the detector arrangement, magnets, sample environment (SE) and sample chamber. Based on the design parameters of the muon beam (1 Hz, 105 μ+/pulse), the spectrometer possesses over 2500 detector units to maximize the counting rate. Three different types of magnets can generate a zero field (ZF), a longitudinal field (LF) within 5000 G, and a transverse field within 400 G. The SE consists of a cryostat and a closed-cycle refrigerator (CCR) to provide temperatures lower than 2 K in the current stage. It has potentials to be updated to 300 mK. The sample chamber is designed with a fly past structure to reduce the background for experiments with small-sized samples.
An experimental procedure to determine quantitative muon Knight shifts
Authors: Hotz Fabian , Arh Tina , Guguchia Zurab , Das Debarchan , Wang Chennan , Gomilsek Matjaž , Zorko Andrej , Luetkens Hubertus 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Muon Knight-shift measurement are experimentally rather challenging as in most setups one does not have a direct way of measuring the external magnetic field applied to the sample. Here we show, a way to overcome this problem and suggest a suitable sample mounting and correcting scheme. This enables us to quantitatively determine the correct Knight-shift values even in extreme sample environments where a separate measurement of the externally applied magnetic field by means of NMR or additional µSR is not feasible or practical.
8Li Spin Relaxation as a Probe of the Modification of Molecular Dynamics by Inelastic Deformation of Glassy Polystyrene
Authors: Fujimoto D , Brazil O , Oliver WC , Jadidi MF , Sinnott A , McKenzie I , Chatzichristos A , Dehn MH , Karner VL , Kiefl RF , Levy CDP , Li R , McFadden RML , Morris GD , Pearson MR , Stachura M , Ticknor JO , MacFarlane WA , Cross GLW 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The molecular dynamics of inelastic strain in glasses remains poorly understood, in contrast to the plasticity of crystalline materials that is well-characterized by measurements of dislocation activity. We report initial results on a 300 nm thick atactic polystyrene film undergoing plastic strain in its glassy state. This physical modification was applied by nanoimprint stamping with a 1 mm ultra-smooth spherical die to induce a stress exceeding mechanical yield (0.8% residual strain). Using 8Li implanted-ion βNMR, we monitor the spin-lattice relaxation to infer depth-resolved rates of molecular dynamics. We find a significant change in the bulk molecular dynamics of the imprinted film (away from the surface) compared to an identically prepared control film. The relaxation is ∼ 20% slower in the film left densified by imprinting. We expect this relaxation to be coupled to the motion of the phenyl side rings; wherein slower dynamics due to densification is reasonable, as tighter packing should increase the energy barrier to molecular motion. In addition, we see an increase in the apparent thickness of a nanometric mobile surface layer, but this may be an artefact of surface roughening caused by imprinting.
Mixed-valence hydrides at [FeFe]-hydrogenase active site mimics
Authors: Wright Joseph A , Madlool Atheer M , Cottrell Stephen P 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The number of methods to study transient paramagnetic hydrides at organometallic centres is extremely limited. The reactivity of {2Fe2S} centres with protons to produce both diamagnetic and paramagnetic systems is of central interest in developing novel catalysts for hydrogen production, inspired by the [FeFe]-hydrogenase enzymes. Here, we show how a combination of spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques is allowing access to detail of the reactivity of key species on these pathways. Electron paramagnetic resonance and infra-red spectroelectrochemical approaches have been used to observe the reduction of pre-generated diamagnetic hydrides. In contrast, avoided level crossing muon spin resonance (ALC-µSR) has been used to form the open-shell species directly and to examine the formation of short-lived intermediates in the reaction process. The combination of these techniques suggests the involvement of terminal hydrides or CO-protonation states on the pathway to the isolable bridging hydride products.
Unfolding slow muon depth profiles with universal range distributions
Authors: Ribeiro Eduardo F M , Vilão Rui C , Alberto Helena V , Gil João M , Weidinger Alois 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The analysis of depth-dependent data of thin film semiconductor heterostructures is discussed in this work. The data is obtained by varying muon implantation energy, E, using the Low-Energy Muon (LEM) facility at PSI, Switzerland. Since the measurement method has a finite resolution, unfolding of the measured profile with the resolution function is required. The unfolding can be performed in the real space (that is in depth variable x), using range distribution function, P(x, E), obtained by Monte Carlo simulations. As will be shown, it is much simpler to perform the unfolding in the implantation energy space and to transform the results afterwards into real space. This simplifies the analysis considerably, since the universal range distributions can be used, independent of the specific sample.
8Li βNMR studies of Epitaxial Thin Films of the 3D topological Dirac semimetal Sr3SnO
Authors: MacFarlane W A , Oudah M , McFadden R M L , Huang D , Chatzichristos A C , Fujimoto D , Karner V L , Kiefl R F , Levy C D P , Li R , McKenzie I , Morris G D , Pearson M R , Stachura M , Ticknor J O , Thoeng E , Nakamura H , Takagi H 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The inverse perovskite Sr3SnO is a 3D cubic Dirac semimetal with a very small energy gap[1]. Its unusual electronic structure confers a variety of novel properties, such as chiral topological surface states, and very strong itinerant electron orbital magnetism. Remarkably, when doped it also becomes superconducting[2]. In the lowest carrier density samples, the Fermi level lies close to the Dirac points, and orbital magnetism is maximal. Here we report the results of ion-implanted 8Li+
βNMR in Au-capped epitaxial thin films of Sr3SnO as a function of carrier content. In addition, we stop the 8Li in the Au overlayer to seek proximal evidence of the chiral surface state.
In high magnetic field (6.55 T), we find remarkably little contrast in spin-lattice relaxation (SLR) between low carrier density Sr3SnO and the Au overlayer. In the inverse perovskite layer, 1/T
1 ∼ 0.14 s-1, slightly faster than Au at 300 K, while in the overlayer, there is a small but systematic enhancement in 1/T
1 compared to a control film of Au. The resonance in the Sr3SnO layer is broad with a long tail towards negative shift without resolved quadrupolar splitting.
Superconductivity nearby quantum critical region in hole-doped organic strange metal κ-(ET)4Hg3-δBr8, δ=11%
Authors: Sari D P , Kaito M , Someya Y , Widyaiswari U , Watanabe I , Taniguchi H , Ishii Y 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The hole-doped organic superconductor κ-(ET)4Hg3-δBr8, (κ-HgBr), where δ=11% and ET=bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene, has been the key to bridge the knowledge gap between half-filled organics and doped cuprate systems. Nonetheless, the isotropic triangular lattice of ET dimers of κ-HgBr is responsible for the magnetic susceptibility and its superconductivity. We have measured zero-field (ZF) muon spin relaxation-rotation (µ+SR) in κ-HgBr showing the ZF-µ+SR relaxation rate from temperature around 10 K down to 0.3 K is temperature-independent. This is consistent with a superconducting state that preserved time-reversal symmetry. There was almost no change in the maximally 100 Oe of transverse-field-µ+SR time spectra, at 0.3 K and above superconducting temperature, T
c~4.6(3) K. This suggests that the in-plane London penetration depth, λbc, is longer than a μm order, while we estimate the lower limit of the lower critical field, H
c1, to be 30 Oe, although, however, the measurement using another geometric setup is necessary to determine the absolute value of λbc. These could be an indication of a strong-coupling superconductor. A possible mechanism of preserved time-reversal Cooper pairing formation from strong-coupling non-FL metal with geometrical frustration is discussed.
The results of a field experiment on the influence of corn seed soaking on the herbage grown for silage
Authors: Kipriyanov Fedor , Savinykh Petr 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: The assuring of simultaneous and quick seedlings is one of the tasks by the cultivation of agricultural crops. Seed priming is a simple way of the influence on the germinating capacity and productivity of young crops. Methods: During the research process the influence of seed soaking in water and potassium humate on the productivity of corn herbage was evaluated. The seeding was carried out with a single-row seed-metering device by randomization of working plots. The received results were evaluated by a statistic method of data processing. Result: By the statistic data processing it was determined that with a probability of 95% soaking in the solution of potassium humate during 30 hours gave the 16.5 % increase of the average mass of all stalks (caules), and the soaking in water during 36 hours with a probability of 95% led to the 20.5% increase of the average mass of all stalks. The received results allowed drawing a conclusion that priming gives a positive effect for corn growing in unfavorable climate conditions.
The structure of oil deposits of the Bashkirian stage within low-amplitude uplifts of the eastern side of the Melekess depression
Authors: Korolev E A , Eskin A A , Korolev A E , Barieva E R , Nuriev I S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Bashkirian deposits of low-amplitude uplifts of the eastern side of the Melekess depression are currently considered as potentially oil-bearing objects. Despite the high level of regional OWC, which covers 2/3 of the the Bashkirian age section, industrial oil inflows were obtained on several structures. An analysis of the structure of oil-productive uplifts showed that up to two oil-bearing reservoir layers with a thickness of 2.0 to 8.0 m can be localized in them. Oil-bearing formations are confined to the roof of the sections of the Bashkirian stage. The upper layer abuts against dense clayed limestones of the Vereian horizon of the Moscovian stage, the lower layer is supported by the bottom waters of the modern OWC. Between them there is a dense bridge of dense carbonate rocks. The reservoir rocks are leached foraminiferal and algal-lumpy limestones, packstones and grainstones, formed at the stage of transgressive development of the epicontinental marine sedimentation basin of the Bashkirian age. Pseudobrecciated and microgranular mudstone formed at the stage of regression of the Bashkirian epicontinental paleobasin are dense cap rock. Reservoir rocks are characterized by porosity at the level of 10-15%, permeability - from 0.062 to 0.195 µm2 rocks.
Flowering phenology and prospects for using representatives of the genus Hydrangea l. in the landscaping of cities in the Middle Urals
Authors: Kuzmina N M , Fedorov A V , Nikolaev N V 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The objects of the study are 13 varieties and species of the genus Hydrangea L, which were planted in the collection of the Department of Plant Introduction and Acclimatization, UdmFRC, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhevsk, in 2017. Representatives of the genus Hydrangea are ornamental flowering shrubs. Due to insufficient knowledge of bioecological features, species and varieties of representatives of the genus Hydrangea in the Middle Cis-Urals are still rarely used. The aim of the research is to study the bioecological features of new for the region species and varieties of representatives of the genus Hydrangea for the prospects of introduction in the conditions of the Middle Urals. The paper presents the results of phenological observations in the period 2019-2021. according to the main phase for flowering shrubs - the beginning and end of flowering. During the years of research, anomalous periods for the development of plants were revealed during the growing season in the conditions of the Middle Urals and their influence on the flowering of the plants under study. Moisture deficiency during the growing season has a negative effect on the development of plants and on the quality of flowering. An important property for flowering shrubs is the duration of flowering. The longest total flowering over three years of observations is more than 300 days for H. paniculata “Weems Red”, H.petiolaris “Petiolaris”, H.arborescens “Anabel”. According to the results of studies (2019-2021), as promising (I, II group) for green building in the cities of the Middle Urals, 8 representatives of the genus Hydrangea were identified, who scored more than 75 points according to the integral assessment of the prospects for introduction and have good decorative effect: H paniculata “Lime Light”, “Pinky Winky”, “Diamond Runge”, “Weems Red”, “Vanilla Fries”; H. serrata “Bluebird”; H. arborescens; H.petiolaris “Petiolaris”.
Scientific rationale for reducing the negative impact on the environment of grain processing industries through the rational use of secondary raw materials
Authors: Shelepina N V , Gorina L N 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
At various stages of grain processing, grain waste, husks, crushed grain, chaff, flour, etc. are formed, which account for up to 19% of all food losses and waste in the world. They are a source of possible pollution of both industrial premises and the environment. Most grain processing wastes are secondary raw materials with high nutritional and biological value. Currently, processing industry enterprises are introducing elements of low-waste and waste-free technologies that allow the complete extraction of valuable components of grain processing waste, thereby significantly reducing the damage caused to the environment as a result of their emissions. The most promising and environmentally friendly technologies for the Russian Federation are technologies for deep processing of grain, and, in particular, pea grain.
Agrotechnics of sorghum in grass-field crop rotation for the conditions of the West Kazakhstan region
Authors: Bulekov T A , Limanskaya V B , Bulekova A A , Davletova A M , Kasimova G V 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Sorghum can be sown after any crop in a field rotation, but in fields that are free of weeds. Sorghum is easy to grow in a wide variety of soil and climate conditions. Most often, it is cultivated in arid conditions, which is its clear advantage over other crops. These studies were conducted from 2019-2021. at the station in LLP “Ural Agricultural Experimental Station”, deployed in time and space, grass-field crop rotation, where the predecessors for sorghum were a mixture of perennial grasses of the fifth year of life. Before sowing sorghum, a background agrochemical characterization of the soil was carried out at 20 and 40 cm. In the studies, appropriate agrotechnics for sorghum cultivation were applied. The use of crops of perennial grasses consisting of cereal-legume phytocenoses (wheat grass, sainfoin, alfalfa) in grass-field crop rotations is promising from the point of view of further application of chemical means of protection against weeds, but also increasing soil fertility due to the organic matter of crop rotation crops.
Development of technology for creating software in the electric power industry of Turkmenistan
Authors: Atayev M , Churiyev M , Atayev G , Agayev A , Abdiyev J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This scientific paper presents the results of using software to measure electric energy consumption in terms of brightness and time. Using this software, one can remotely measure the brightness and, based on the results, calculate the electric energy consumed by the electric power in the lighting system. This software enables quickly and reliably to calculate the consumed electric energy from the lighting installations, as well as the correspondence of their brightness to the rated power. A distinctive feature of this software is that it is the first of its kind developed in Turkmenistan and its interface is in the Turkmen language.
An experimental study of the woody vegetation reflectivity temporal dynamics
Authors: Ivanov S E , Fedotov Y V , Belov M L , Gorodnichev V A , Shkarupilo A A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An experimental study of reflectivity temporal dynamics of the deciduous and coniferous woody specimens was performed. The reflectivity measurements results of leaves and needles samples in the spectral range from 0.4 to 0.9 μm for several days after cutting the samples were presented. It is shown that storing samples in a refrigerator with a controlled temperature makes it possible to ensure the stability of the sample’s reflectivity for a significant period of time. The size of this time period depends significantly on the tree species. For coniferous trees, the reflectivity spectrum remains almost unchanged for several days. For deciduous trees, in most cases, the reflectivity spectrum remains almost constant over a period of several hours to one day.
On the need to optimize the main parameters of the pumping station of the water supply system
Authors: Kiseleva A V , Korchevskaya Yu V , Shelest S N , Trotsenko I A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The article considers the need to optimize the parameters of pumps on the example of the pumping station of the first rise in the rural settlement of Troitskoye, Omsk region. A desk and field survey was carried out, options for optimizing the parameters of the pumping station were proposed: complete replacement of pumping equipment and pipelines, replacement of pumping equipment. The comparative analysis carried out showed that the second option is the most economical option for optimizing the main parameters, but the first option is the most efficient in terms of operating conditions.