bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strongly Lensed Supermassive Black Hole Binaries as Nanohertz Gravitational-wave Sources
Authors: Khusid Nicole M. , Mingarelli Chiara M. F. , Natarajan Priyamvada , Casey-Clyde J. Andrew , Barnacka Anna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Supermassive black hole binary systems (SMBHBs) should be the most powerful sources of gravitational waves (GWs) in the universe. Once pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) detect the stochastic GW background from their cosmic merger history, searching for individually resolvable binaries will take on new importance. Since these individual SMBHBs are expected to be rare, here we explore how strong gravitational lensing can act as a tool for increasing their detection prospects by magnifying fainter sources and bringing them into view. Unlike for electromagnetic waves, when the geometric optics limit is nearly always valid, for GWs the wave-diffraction-interference effects can become important when the wavelength of the GWs is larger than the Schwarzchild radius of the lens, i.e.,

M

lens

∼

10

8

f

mHz

−
1

M

⊙

. For the GW frequency range explored in this work, the geometric optics limit holds. We investigate GW signals from SMBHBs that might be detectable with current and future PTAs under the assumption that quasars serve as bright beacons that signal a recent merger. Using the black hole mass function derived from quasars and a physically motivated magnification distribution, we expect to detect a few strongly lensed binary systems out to z ≈ 2. Additionally, for a range of fixed magnifications 2 ≤ μ ≤ 100, strong lensing adds up to ∼30 more detectable binaries for PTAs. Finally, we investigate the possibility of observing both time-delayed electromagnetic signals and GW signals from these strongly lensed binary systems—that will provide us with unprecedented multi-messenger insights into their orbital evolution.
The HERBAL Model: A Hierarchical Errors-in-variables Bayesian Lognormal Hurdle Model for Galactic Globular Cluster Populations
Authors: Berek Samantha C. , Eadie Gwendolyn M. , Speagle 沈 Joshua S. 佳士 , Harris William E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Galaxy stellar mass is known to be monotonically related to the size of the galaxy’s globular cluster (GC) population for Milky Way sized and larger galaxies. However, the relation becomes ambiguous for dwarf galaxies, where there is some evidence for a downturn in GC population size at low galaxy masses. Smaller dwarfs are increasingly likely to have no GCs, and these zeros cannot be easily incorporated into linear models. We introduce the Hierarchical Errors-in-variables ERrors-in-variables BAyesian Lognormal hurdle (HERBAL) model to represent the relationship between dwarf galaxies and their GC populations, and apply it to the sample of Local Group galaxies, where the luminosity range coverage is maximal. This bimodal model accurately represents the two populations of dwarf galaxies: those that have GCs and those that do not. Our model thoroughly accounts for all uncertainties, including measurement uncertainty, uncertainty in luminosity to stellar mass conversions, and intrinsic scatter. The hierarchical nature of our Bayesian model also allows us to estimate galaxy masses and individual mass-to-light ratios from luminosity data within the model. We find that 50% of galaxies are expected to host GC populations at a stellar mass of

log

10

(

M

*

)
=
6.996

, and that the expected mass of GC populations remains linear down to the smallest galaxies. Our hierarchical model recovers an accurate estimate of the Milky Way stellar mass. Under our assumed error model, we find a nonzero intrinsic scatter of

0.59

−
0.21

+
0.3

(95% credible interval) that should be accounted for in future models.
TESS Photometric Variability of Young Brown Dwarfs in the Taurus Star-forming Region
Authors: Kumbhakar Rajib , Mondal Soumen , Ghosh Samrat , Ram Diya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of TESS high-quality light curves from sectors 43 and 44 of a few samples of young (∼2–3 Myr) brown dwarfs in the Taurus molecular cloud. They are well characterized and bona fide members of Taurus. We aim to search for the fast rotations of brown dwarfs and to picturize their dynamic atmosphere and surface features. Out of 11 young BDs, we found that 72% are periodic, in the period range of 1–7 days; among them, three BDs have periods <1.5 day and the period of one object is estimated for the first time. The sinusoidal periodic variations are related to a large spot or group of small spots corotating with the objects. Interestingly, we have detected four flare events in three young BDs, with one object, MHO 4, showing two flares in two different sectors. From the flared light curves, we have estimated the total bolometric flared energy in a range of 1035–1036 erg, which is close to the superflare energy range (≥1034 erg). To produce such kinds of superflare events, we have calculated the required magnetic field strength, which comes out at the order of a few kilogauss. Such superflares have a strong effect on the habitability of planets around M dwarfs.
A Wideband Polarization Observation of Hydra A with the Jansky Very Large Array
Authors: Baidoo Lerato , Perley Richard A. , Eilek Jean , Smirnov Oleg , Vacca Valentina , Enßlin Torsten 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present the results of a wideband high-resolution polarization study of Hydra A, one of the most luminous FR I radio galaxies known and among the most well studied. The radio emission from this source displays extremely large Faraday rotation measures (RMs), ranging from −12,300 rad m−2 to 5000 rad m−2, the majority of which are believed to originate from magnetized thermal gas external to the radio tails. The radio emission from both tails strongly depolarizes with decreasing frequency. Depolarization, as a function of wavelength, is commonly nonmonotonic, often showing oscillatory behavior, with strongly nonlinear rotation of the polarization position angle with λ
2. A simple model, based on the RM screen derived from the high-frequency, high-resolution data, predicts the lower frequency depolarization remarkably well. The success of this model indicates the majority of the depolarization can be attributed to fluctuations in the magnetic field on scales <1500 pc, suggesting the presence of turbulent magnetic field/electron density structures on subkiloparsec scales within a Faraday rotating medium.
Searching for the Role of Mergers in Fast and Early SMBH Growth: Morphological Decomposition of Quasars and Their Hosts at z ∼ 4.8
Authors: Thomas Marcus O. , Shemmer Ohad , Trakhtenbrot Benny , Lira Paulina , Netzer Hagai , Simmons Brooke D. , Ilan Neta 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present rest-frame ultraviolet images of six luminous quasars at z ∼ 4.8 obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). These quasars exhibit a wide range of star formation rates (SFRs) and lie in a wide range of environments. We carefully model and subtract the point-like quasar emission and investigate the morphology of the underlying host galaxies at kpc scales. The residual images allowed identification of potential companion sources, which enabled us to explore the role of galaxy merger scenarios in the coevolution of the quasars and their hosts. We also search for the mechanism driving extreme SFRs in three of the six quasars. We find that the rate of detection of potential companions to the host galaxies does not follow trends between high- and low-SFR sources; i.e., the HST imaging suggests that both high- and low-SFR sources are found in both dense and sparse galactic environments. The suggested role of major mergers driving extreme SFRs cannot be supported by the multiwavelength data in hand. Three of four companion sources, previously revealed by submillimeter observations, are not detected in the HST images of three of our quasars. An adapted high-resolution imaging strategy focused on high-SFR sources and extended to a larger quasar sample is required in order to determine the role of mergers in the processes of star formation and supermassive black hole growth at high redshift.
UV Signatures of Magnetar Formation and Their Crucial Role for GW Detection
Authors: Menon Sandhya S. , Guetta Dafne , Dall’Osso Simone 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The emission from shock breakouts (SBOs) represents the earliest electromagnetic (EM) signal emitted by cataclysmic events involving the formation or the merger of neutron stars (NSs). As such, SBOs carry unique information on the structure of their progenitors and on the explosion energy. The characteristic SBO emission is expected in the UV range, and its detection is one of the key targets of the ULTRASAT satellite. Among SBO sources, we focus on a specific class involving the formation of fast-spinning magnetars in the core-collapse of massive stars. Fast-spinning magnetars are expected to produce a specific signature in the early UV supernova light curve, powered by the extra spin energy quickly released by the NS. Moreover, they are considered as optimal candidates for the emission of long-transient gravitational wave (GW) signals, the detection of which requires early EM triggers to boost the sensitivity of dedicated GW search pipelines. We calculate early supernova UV light curves in the presence of a magnetar central engine, as a function of the explosion energy, ejecta mass, and magnetar parameters. We then estimate the ULTRASAT detection horizon (z < 0.15) as a function of the same physical parameters, and the overall expected detection rate, finding that magnetar-powered SBOs may represent up to 1/5 of the total events detected by ULTRASAT. Moreover, at the expected sensitivity of the LIGO/Virgo/Kagra O5 science run, one such event occurring within 5 Mpc will provide an ideal trigger for a GW long-transient search. Future GW detectors like the Einstein Telescope will push the horizon for joint EM-GW detections to 35–40 Mpc.
Walkaway Star Candidates in IC 348 and Their Possible Birthplaces
Authors: Zhou Xingyu , Herczeg Gregory J. , Fang Min , Wang Xiaolong , Ren Bin B. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Observations and theories reveal that star-forming regions eject their members during the early evolution of the cluster. We present an initial search for stars ejected from the young cluster IC 348 based on an analysis of Gaia EDR3 astrometry of previously identified members. We identify six candidate walkaway stars with projected velocities of 5–8 km s−1. The candidate with properties most consistent with a walkaway star, V701 Per, was likely ejected from a small group to the west of IC 348. Three candidates are currently located or have proper motions that trace back to the center of IC 348, though their classification as walkaway stars may also be affected by large astrometric errors. Two other candidate walkaway stars were likely born in other subgroups around IC 348 within the Perseus star-forming region. Since our search criteria are restricted to previously identified members of IC 348, we did not identify any stars that were ejected at high velocities and traveled far from the cluster. Our study suggests that ejections have potentially occurred in both the central region of IC 348 and other subgroups in Perseus. Extending the search range will lead to more candidate ejections and constrain the dynamic properties and evolution of IC 348 by comparing with simulations.
Unusually Powerful Flare Phenomenon of the Water Maser in W51 and the Possibility of Detecting Gravitational Radiation from It
Authors: Volvach A. E. , Volvach L. N. , Larionov M. G. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Because of detailed monitoring of the 22.2 GHz water maser, carried out from 2021 October to 2023 May, a very powerful flare phenomenon was detected in the galactic object W51 near the radial velocity of 60 km s−1 with the amplitude of 140 kJy. A phenomenon of this magnitude was unprecedented in the entire history of observations of the source. Eleven short flares were recorded. The exponential increase and decrease in the flare flux density while reducing in their spectral line widths indicated that water masers were in an unsaturated state during the flares. All flares were located at the top of the less powerful Flare 0 with the amplitude of 13.5 kJy and the spectral line half-width of 3.0 km s−1. Such a wide line of the water maser, as well as the amplitude, of the flare phenomenon are so far unique discoveries. The water maser of Flare 0 may have been saturated and created a significant input flux density for other flares of this phenomenon. The extremely high density of maser spots in a cluster led to their partial overlap on the observer’s line of sight. This also confirmed the hypothesis about the need for a significant length of the path along which the generation of maser radiation occurs. New parameters of water masers and the most important physical conclusions have been obtained. The possibility of detecting gravitational waves from massive binary stars at the stage of evolution close to merging is considered for the case of W51 Main.
Chance Coincidences between Black Hole Low-mass X-Ray Binaries and Supernova Remnants
Authors: Heinke Craig O. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
I argue that black hole low-mass X-ray binaries (BH LMXBs) are very unlikely to be physically associated with supernova remnants (SNRs). The timescales of BH LMXBs are so much longer than those of SNRs, that there is only a 0.2% chance of any BH LMXB being identified within its natal SNR. However, the probability of a BH LMXB being projected within an SNR is significant; I estimate that two BH LMXBs should be projected within SNRs from our perspective. I look more closely at the suggestion by Balakrishnan and collaborators of an association between the BH X-ray binary Swift J1728.9-3613 and the SNR G351.9-0.9, and show that this is most likely a chance coincidence.
Comparison of Crystalloid Preloading and Coloading for Prevention of Spinal-induced Hypotension in Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial at a Tertiary Facility in Ghana
Authors: Quarshie Amanda , Anno Audrey , Djagbletey Robert , Sarpong Pokua , Sottie Daniel , Phillips Brenda J. , Lassey Phyllis Demi , Aryee George , Essuman Raymond , Owusu Darkwa Ebenezer 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND: Spinal anesthesia is the recommended technique for cesarean section. It is easy to perform and provides a reliable, safe, effective, and fast sensory and motor block of high quality. Hypotension, which can be deleterious to both mother and baby, is however a common side effect. Preloading has not been shown to consistently prevent spinal-induced hypotension.
AIM: The aim of this study was to compare coloading with preloading using crystalloids for preventing spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension in parturients undergoing scheduled cesarean delivery.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-blinded, randomized, and controlled study was conducted on 88 patients at term scheduled for elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia at the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital. Parturients were randomly assigned to receive a preload of 12.5 mL/kg of Ringer’s Lactate (Group P) before the spinal anesthetic or a coload of 12.5 mL/kg of Ringers Lactate (Group C) at the time of the spinal procedure. Blood pressure, heart rate, incidence and timing of nausea and vomiting, and amount and frequency of vasopressor used were recorded for the first 10 minutes post-spinal anesthesia. Neonatal Apgar scores were determined at 1 and 5 minutes after birth.
RESULTS: The two groups were comparable with respect to age, weight, height, gestational age, ASA classification, baseline hemodynamic measurements, time to onset of hypotension, and time to delivery of baby post-spinal anesthesia. Post-spinal anesthesia changes in the heart rate, systolic blood pressure and mean arterial blood pressure were also comparable between the two groups. None of the patients in both groups experienced nausea or vomiting without hypotension. Although the cumulative dose of ephedrine to treat hypotension in the preload group was higher compared to the coload group, the difference was not statistically significant (16.3 vs. 12.4; p-value = 0.110).
CONCLUSION: Preloading and coloading with 12.5 mL/kg of Ringer’s Lactate are comparable but neither is effective alone for preventing spinal-induced hypotension in the obstetric population. A vasopressor regimen is required to improve efficacy of the fluid load for preventing spinal-induced hypotension.
Novel type of egg-clustering in threadsnakes (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae)
Authors: Chuliver Mariana , Scanferla Agustín 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSnakes lay their eggs in clutches of different size, which are usually attached to each other forming a cluster. Egg-clustering is a widespread phenomenon across alethinophidian snakes, mostly recorded in Pythonoidea and caenophidian clades. Here we report a new type of egg-clustering for threadsnakes (Leptotyphlopidae) that departs from the alethinophidian type. We found that females ofEpictia australisandLeptotyphlops sylvicoluslay their eggs connected to each other through a filament, and we dubbed it ‘string-egg clustering’. The histomorphology of the filament linking the eggs inE. australisshowed an outer calcareous layer underlain by a thick layer of collagen fibers, demonstrating that it is an integral part of the eggshell formed during its deposition process in the oviduct. String egg-clustering seems to be present only among species belonging to both subfamilies of threadsnakes, Epictinae and Leptotyphlopinae. Egg-clustering in alethinophidians has been demonstrated to have several advantages for embryo development and post-hatching survival, including fixing the position of the embryo within the egg, protection against predators, and embryo-to-embryo communication. The presence of a filament connecting the eggs in leptotyphlopid species might be relevant for maintaining the position of the embryo in the egg, to avoid the dispersion of the egg in the nesting site, and potentially for the transmission of physical cues. Thus, we hypothesize that the string-egg clustering constitutes an advantageous reproductive trait among threadsnakes.
Du déclin du père à la paire articulée : le pari de la conversation
Authors: Lacadée Philippe 
Published: September 2023

Au moment de l’adolescence, le sujet vit une crise de l’identité, une crise de la langue articulée à l’Autre. De nos jours, du fait du déclin de la fonction paternelle et de l’autorité, nombre de sujets refusent d’en passer par le savoir de l’Autre, que ce soit celui de la famille ou celui transmis à l’école qui devient alors un lieu impossible. Ainsi, la question de l’adolescence s’affirme-t-elle clinique et politique. Qu’est-ce que le monde pratiqué, vécu et examiné à partir de la différence et de l’erreur et non à partir de l’identité, voire de l’idéal ? Quel est le destin de l’amour et du désir à l’heure de la déchéance du père et de la fragmentation des corps et des histoires ? Si la langue s’appuyant sur la transmission du père ne fait plus autorité, nous proposons de rencontrer dans les conversations que nous mettons en place avec des adolescents l’autorité de la langue en prenant le risque de la parole en s’appuyant sur la paire des mots qui, en s’articulant l’un à l’autre, apporte une signification sur ce que chacun vit.
La cothérapie en cas de thérapie de couple
Authors: De Neuter Patrick 
Published: September 2023

Se référant à son expérience personnelle et aux publications de quelques collègues, l’auteur envisage successivement les avantages de la cothérapie en cas de thérapie de couple : intervision sur le vif, élargissement de l’écoute, partage des tâches, maniement plus aisé des débordements transférentiels, dédoublement des styles d’intervention, abord plus aisé des clivages et de la différence des sexes, évocation plus rapide des transferts parentaux et possibilité de formation de stagiaires. Il envisage aussi les risques de conflit ou d’énamoration entre les thérapeutes et l’exigence de quelques qualités des cothérapeutes, entre autres : ouverture bienveillante à l’autre, aptitude au partage des pouvoirs, fonctions et savoirs, faible tendance à la rivalité, et tolérance à la (re)mise en question.
De l’expérience à l’expertise : passer de l’expérience de vie à la construction d’une expertise
Authors: Portron Arnaud , Portal Brigitte 
Published: September 2023

Pourquoi parler d’expertise concernant les personnes accompagnées ? Est-ce le terme le plus approprié concernant des personnes qui bénéficient d’un suivi, voire d’une mesure contrainte ? La notion d’expertise renvoie aux connaissances acquises par un spécialiste dans un domaine donné. Cependant, l’étymologie du mot « expert » insiste sur l’expérience. Selon cette acception, les intervenants détiennent une expertise professionnelle et les personnes qu’ils accompagnent possèdent également une expertise. Celle-ci est issue de leurs expériences de vie et de la connaissance de leur réalité. L’expertise va au-delà du témoignage, elle nécessite de prendre du recul et favorise des prises de conscience. Cette expertise est convoquée dans nos conversations avec Arnaud, elle nous invite à une réflexion sur le travail social.
Roman pour la jeune fille, roman de la jeune fille : le roman catholique face à ses paradoxes
Authors: Plet Charles 
Published: September 2023

La jeune fille acquiert une place centrale dans le sous-champ littéraire catholique de l’ère 1900 : en un temps républicain où l’on craint la disparition de la famille chrétienne, critiques et éditeurs soutiennent la production de « romans catholiques » susceptibles de plaire aux futures épouses-mères, premières éducatrices de l’enfant. Cet article examine l’histoire et la poétique de la principale forme romanesque catholique orthodoxe proposée aux jeunes personnes en âge de se marier : le roman d’amour catholique, de 1880 à 1945. Promoteur d’un idéal réactionnel de la jeune fille, ce sous-genre mu par l’exemplarité est à l’origine de trois « paradoxes exemplaires » : son esthétique du conte de fées n’exacerbe-t-elle pas la rêverie des lectrices au lieu de la domestiquer ? La lecture suivie de productions amoureuses n’entraîne-t-elle pas la jeunesse vers des lectures a/antireligieuses ? Faire de la jeune fille pure le personnage régnant normé et normatif de la culture catholique, n’est-ce pas se détacher du champ du pouvoir (masculin) ?
La Jeune-France au miroir : stratégies de légitimation d’une jeunesse romantique
Authors: Beliaeva Solomon Maria 
Published: September 2023

Cet article se propose de revenir sur les portraits que les dénommés Jeunes-France donnent d’eux-mêmes autour de 1830 afin d’y étudier la coexistence de deux imaginaires contradictoires : celui d’une jeunesse romantique et d’un jeune siècle, prématurément vieilli par l’avènement des logiques marchandes. Au-delà de l’élaboration, déjà abondamment commentée, d’une conscience générationnelle, l’adhésion au motif de la jeunesse dans la production d’écrivains tels que Borel, Gautier, Nerval ou O’Neddy constitue un moyen inédit de remettre en question leur marginalisation dans les systèmes de légitimation en vigueur afin de mieux en exposer les failles. Les représentations qu’ils renvoient à leurs contemporains contribuent ainsi à façonner, par-delà l’identité collective, un nouveau discours sur la jeunesse.