bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retinopatia da Prematuridade: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Abreu Isabella Schroeder , Soares Leticia Gramazio , De Camargo Luiz Gustavo Gusson , Tomé Sabrina dos Santos , Stasiu Rayra Gabriela , Weber Anna Laura , Leão Larissa Maiely , Losso Roberta 
Published: February 2023

Introdução: a retinopatia da prematuridade é uma doença vasoproliferativa da retina, de etiologia multifatorial, relacionada principalmente à prematuridade, oxigenioterapia prolongada e ao baixo peso ao nascer. Atualmente, crianças com mais baixo peso têm sobrevivido devido à modernização dos equipamentos e melhor qualificação dos profissionais que atuam nas UTIs neonatais. Com isso, tem-se um aumento da incidência da retinopatia. Objetivo: conhecer a produção científica sobre a retinopatia da prematuridade, descrevendo a enfermidade, seus fatores de risco e como a identificação precoce auxilia no diagnóstico e no tratamento. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa a partir das bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) com os descritores Retinopatia, Recém-nascido e Enfermagem. A seleção foi limitada a artigos publicados nos últimos dez anos. Resultados: Foram selecionados 10 artigos em periódicos, que compuseram duas categorias: diagnóstico e prevenção da retinopatia da prematuridade. Os estudos revelam a importância do diagnóstico precoce da doença para evitar sequelas definitivas que podem comprometer a qualidade de vida destes recém-nascidos e da importância da sua prevenção no ambiente das unidades de terapia intensiva. Conclusão: os profissionais de saúde, especialmente os enfermeiros, têm importante papel na prevenção, bem como no diagnóstico e tratamento da retinopatia da prematuridade. Através de sua atuação o enfermeiro poderá minimizar agravos à saúde do recém-nascido, auxiliando na identificação precoce de alterações visuais e encaminhando esses recém-nascidos para investigação diagnóstica especializada.
Percepción del papel de la enfermería en el cuidado y atención del adulto mayor
Authors: Poveda Nina Andrea Revelo , Gamboa Mery Susana Rodríguez 
Published: February 2023

Este artículo permitió conocer la percepción de los adultos mayores residentes del hogar de ancianos Sagrado Corazón de Jesús en torno al cuidado y atención que brinda el profesional de enfermería en su rol diario de cuidador. Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa de tipo descriptivo enfocado en la fenomenología hermenéutica con corte transversal, cuyo principal objetivo fue realizar un análisis reflexivo del rol que cumple el profesional de enfermería en un centro gerontológico en un determinado tiempo. Como resultados principales obtuvimos la categorización de 7 ítems a los que se sometió al adulto mayor para generar el análisis en donde se contó con la participación de 7 mujeres y 3 hombres por lo que se logró determinar criterios claros y precisos de lo que se está estudiando, sin duda al analizar la experiencia que pasa el adulto mayor al ser internado en una institución de estas características se pude afirmar que es una experiencia traumática por lo que debemos asegurarnos que el mismo sea introducido de una manera lo más viable posible ya que se demostró en el presente estudio que una mala adherencia a este sistema precipitara la calidad de vida del interno y por ende este no tendrá una percepción positiva en cuanto al cuidador. Finalmente se concluyó que la percepción que tiene el adulto mayor residente del Hogar Sagrado Corazón de Jesús sobre el profesional de enfermería en el desarrollo de su rol es bastante positivo ya que se enmarca en su apoyo total, su seguridad, su nutrición, su estilo de vida que para la mayoría de participantes es satisfactorio.
Intervenciones de enfermería en el cuidado de adolescentes que presentan alteraciones emocionales
Authors: Ases Erika Alexandra Manobanda , Guallichico Martha 
Published: February 2023

Artículo de investigación científica que cumple con el objetivo de determinar las actividades de enfermería en el cuidado del adolescente con problemas emocionales su metodología cumple con la caracterización de una investigación cuantitativa que recolecta datos estadísticos de criterios encuetados a la población a través de la plataforma google forms. Descriptiva ya que se describen los criterios y conceptos extraídos de la investigación, realizada en los meses de septiembre y octubre con corte transversal que conto la una población de 76 adolescentes elegidos a través de criterios de inclusión y exclusión no probabilísticos. Como resultado obtuvimos datos de la aplicación, 4 fueron las categorías que arrojaron los resultados siendo estas los aspectos sociodemográficos, la fisiología, piscología y el aspecto social en el que se desarrolla el adolescente, siempre respetando las consideraciones éticas enmarcadas dentro de la declaración de Helsinki. Su resultado fue la exposición de las intervenciones que realiza el profesional de enfermería, ya que a través de estos cuidados se puede reducir la incidencia de nuevas patologías mentales así como la disminución de tasas de ansiedad, depresión y suicidio en esta población.
Vícios em curtidas: uma tendência em medicina
Authors: Stauffer Aline , Barros Ana Luiza , Angelim Arlete , Mitleg Breno , Altoé Daniela , Costa Eva , Lacerda Elaine , Vasconcellos Gabriel , Junior José Odenir Canali , Zafra Juan Manuel , Corrêa Mayara , Junior Nelson Kale 
Published: February 2023

O trabalho tem como enfoque enfrentar uma tendência crescente entre os usuários das redes sociais no campo da medicina, em busca de curtidas e likes, muitos ultrapassam os limites éticos e legais, já que recorrem a postagens em contextos profissionais e acadêmicos, em detrimento do dever de sigilo e da confidencialidade, tais preceitos são negligenciados pelos usuários, pois o alvo é a publicação do conteúdo em tempo real. Além disso, procura-se enfrentar um cenário vivenciado pelos acadêmicos de medicina, que utilizam seus smartphones para capturar imagens de pacientes ou até mesmo de cadáver com o objetivo de lançar nas redes sociais. Diante disso, pretende-se, dar luz ao problema, a partir da análise de estudos que apontam que tais práticas podem desencadear um processo de dependência química, na medida em que há liberação de dopamina, um neurotransmissor responsável pela sensação de prazer. Verifica-se, que há uma compreensão desses estudantes da violação de regras éticas e jurídicas, mas são ignoradas pela recompensa gerada em razão das curtidas. Nesse contexto, será apresentado um caso hipotético, a fim de ilustrar o objeto de estudo do presente artigo. Por fim, a pesquisa pretende apresentar a problemática com intuito de conscientizar os estudantes de medicina, em caráter educativo e preventivo, para os riscos envolvidos na adoção desse comportamento, que podem ocasionar sérios prejuízos à saúde mental e à própria formação profissional do aluno.
A Theoretical Approach to the Poetry Songs of Kurinji Mullai and Palai's
Authors: S Avvai 
Published: February 2023

There has been a tradition of poetic composition in Tamil literature. In Tholkaapiyam, archeology is a theoretical formulation of poetry. A deep foundation for such theoretical formulation was developed long before the Sangam literature. Palanthamil literature pre to Sangam literature, is written by Tamil authors. The tradition of poetry found till today is the only proof for Palanthamil literature. Such an extensive Palanthamil literature was theorized by later generations. The theory has been followed by the upcoming writers by making slight changes. Sangam literature is the proof for this. This theory which explains the Tamil literature is known as the Thinai Theory.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR LARI CEPAT JARAK PENDEK MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN MEDIA ALAT BANTU PADA SISWA  SMP NEGERI 281 JAKARTA
Authors: Anggara Fawzan , Sari Zihan Novita 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media alat bantu dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar lari cepat jarak pendek. Manfaat penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran secara umum para guru tentang penggunaan penerapan metode yang sesuai dalam kegiatan proses belajar mengajar, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas hasil belajar. Jenis Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan dan dilaksanakan dua siklus, setiap siklus dimulai dengan perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kelas VII J SMP Neegeri 281 Jakarta yang berjumlah 36 orang. Data dikumpulkan dari hasil observasi dan hasil tes belajar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa, terbukti pada siklus satu yang tuntas belajar mencapai 15 siswa atau 38,24% dengan nilai rata-rata 75,3. Pada siklus dua yang tuntas mencapai 33 siswa atau 92,18% dengan nilai rata-rata 84,40. Selain itu, dengan penerapan media alat bantu dapat meningkatkan keaktifan siswa pada pembelajaran lari cepat jarak pendek. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan media alat bantu yang sederhana efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran lari cepat jarak pendek pada siswa kelas VII J SMP Negeri 281 Jakarta. Kepada rekan-rekan seprofesi untuk dapat menerapkan hasil penelitian ini secara berkesinambungan dan kepada guru Pendidikan Jasmani dan Kesehatan agar dapat menerapkan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan media alat bantu ini sebagai alternatif dalam proses pembelajaran sebagai upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa di sekolah.
PEMBELAJARAN DALAM MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Saputra Rendy Rinaldy 
Published: February 2023

Latar belakang dilakukannya penelitian adalah untuk mendalami permasalahan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran selama pandemi Covid-19 dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui 1) bagaimana implementasi pembelajaran pada masa pandemi Covid-19, dan 2) apa saja hambatan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melakukan kajian terhadap penelitian terdahulu. Data yang dianalisis dalam penelitian diperoleh melalui halaman Google Scholar dengan kata kunci “Covid-19 dan pendidikan”. Penelusuran pada halaman google scholar merujuk pada 6 jurnal yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian dapat disimpulkan beberapa hal diantaranya: 1) pembelajaran daring merupakan upaya terbaik yang dapat dilakukan dalam rangka memutus mata rantai penyebaran virus Covid-19 khususnya dibidang pendidikan, 2) Pembelajaran daring dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan beragam aplikasi berbasis internet seperti WhatsApp Group, Zoom Cloud Meeting, Google Classroom, Google Form, Quipper, e-mail dan lain sebagainya, 3) kendala yang dihadapi dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran daring diantaranya masih minimnya sarana dan prasarana penunjang, layanan internet yang tidak stabil, membutuhkan kuota yang cukup besar, belum meratanya sumberdaya manusaia yang menguasai tekhnologi dengan baik, komunikasi dalam proses pembelajaran tidak berjalan dengan baik, terbatasnya metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan dalam kegiatan belajar, serta minimnya pengawasan terhadap perkembangan peserta didik.
Physical properties of sulfur double donors in 4H-SiC introduced by ion implantation
Authors: Matsuoka Taiga , Kaneko Mitsuaki , Kimoto Tsunenobu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The activation ratio and the ionization energy (ΔE) of sulfur (S) atoms implanted in n-type 4H-SiC were investigated. It was revealed that implanted sulfur atoms show almost no diffusion during activation annealing at 1750 °C and the electrical activation ratio determined by capacitance–voltage measurement is nearly 100%. The net donor concentration showed good agreement with twice the S atom density, which means that a S atom works as a double donor. ΔE was estimated to be in the range of 340–520 meV for four donor levels by Hall effect measurement and admittance spectroscopy.
Dexmedetomidine compared to ketofol for sedation in pediatric patients undergoing dental procedures: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial
Authors: Hussien Rania Maher , Emam Dalia Fahmy , Shoukry Aktham Adel 
Published: February 2023

Background & objective: Hospital phobia and anxiety are still prevalent issues in the pediatric patients. Various sedative regimes have been in dental practice, but the evidence for safe and effective sedative drugs in this population is scarce. We compared the safety and efficacy of intravenous combination of ketamine plus propofol (ketofol) with dexmedetomidine (Dex) as a sedative premedication in anxious children undergoing dental pulp therapy.
Methodology: This double-blind, randomized clinical study recruited 40 anxious children who were to undergo dental pulp therapy. The study participants were allocated into two groups (20 subjects each). Subjects in Group I received ketofol solution (ketamine/propofol mixture, each mL contains 2 mg of ketamine plus 4 mg of propofol). A loading dose of 0.3125 mL/kg was administered intravenously (IV) over 10 min, followed by maintenance infusion at a rate of 0.05-0.125 mL/kg/h. Subjects in Group II received the Dex solution (4 µg/mL). A loading dose of 2 µg/kg was administered IV over 10 min, followed by a maintenance infusion of 0.1-1 µg/kg/h. Non-invasive blood pressure, SpO2, heart rate (HR), and respiratory rate (RR) were assessed at baseline, at 2 min, and then at 5 min intervals till 60 min. Ramsay sedation score was assessed before, during, and after the procedure and Aldrete's recovery rating score was assessed at the end of the procedure.
Results: Compared to the Dex group, the ketofol group showed a statistically significant shorter sedation onset (P = 0.017) but longer discharge time as well as higher rescue dose and a number of interruptions (P < 0.001). There was more stable respiration in Dex group, but with significantly more bradycardia. The mean arterial blood pressure showed some episodes of significant elevations with ketofol compared to Dex, while a biphasic response was observed in the Dex group.
Conclusion: The use of Dex induced successful sedation of children who underwent tooth pulp therapy in terms of minimizing the number of interruptions during the procedure, the frequency of rescue drugs administration as well as the total procedure and discharge times. Dexmedetomidine showed no adverse respiratory effects but was associated with bradycardia and biphasic mean blood pressure alterations that require careful titration.
Abbreviations: HR: heart rate; IV: Intravenous; RSS: NMDA: N-Methyl D-Aspartate PACU: Post Anesthesia Care Unit; Ramsay sedation score
Citation: Hussien RM, Emam DF, Shoukry AA. Dexmedetomidine compared to ketofol for sedation in pediatric patients undergoing dental procedures: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(5):595-601; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i5.2016
Development and validation of ‘Cognitive Assessment Scale for Stroke Survivors’
Authors: Qamar Shahyan , Iqbal Muhammad Nasar , Rafiq Muhammad , Cheema Ismat Ullah , Masood Komal 
Published: February 2023

Background & Objectives: Stroke is a leading cause of death and it causes significant long-term disabilities. It affects cognition and physical impairment in the patients. Cognitive impairments caused by stroke include loss of memory, disorientation, impaired attention, reasoning, and social perception. It may also lead to interaction deficit and inability to problem-solving, etc. The precise knowledge about the degree of cognitive impairment is essential to address the issue with appropriate measures. We aimed to develop a cognitive measurement scale for stroke patients.
Methodology: The phenomenon was explored through in-depth interviews of 12 stroke survivors in different hospitals in Lahore, Pakistan. Seventeen items were generated. After factor analysis, 15 items were included in the scale and a pilot study was conducted on 15 participants. A sample of 106 patients was selected to administer the scale Cognitive Assessment Scale for Stroke Survivors (CASS) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale for concurrent validity.
Results: The Principal Component Factor Analysis through Varimax rotation yielded three factors, e.g., ‘Social Cognition’, ‘Focus and Attention’, and ‘Orientation’. The results have shown significant values with good psychometric properties. The Cronbach’s Alpha value of the developed scale is 0.88 which indicates it as a highly reliable scale.
Conclusion: This research reported that stroke survivors experience cognitive impairment after the stroke incidents. The developed scale to measure cognitive impairment after a stroke incident was proved to be valid and reliable, and can be used in medical practice.
Abbreviations: CASS – Cognitive Assessment Scale for Stroke Survivors; MMSE – Mini-Mental State Examination.
Citation: Qamar S, Iqbal MN, Rafiq M, Ismat Ullah Cheema IU, Masood K. Development and validation of ‘Cognitive Assessment Scale for Stroke Survivors’. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(4):663-668.
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i4.2025
A comparative study between the use of dexmedetomidine vs. dexamethasone as adjuvants to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries
Authors: Mohammed Abdelhady Ibrahim Salah , Ahmed Ghallab Mahmoud Abdelaziz , Mahmoud Zaki Mohamed Sidky , Sedky Abdelrahman Karim Ahmed , Hefni Soliman Amira Fathy 
Published: February 2023

Background & objective: Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block using local anesthetics is associated with relatively shorter duration of action, and thus additional analgesic drugs are required in the postoperative period. We compared the efficacy and duration of postoperative analgesia achieved with using dexmedetomidine or dexamethasone as adjuvants to bupivacaine in TAP block for lower abdominal surgeries.
Methodology: We enrolled 45 adult patients aged from 20-60 y, and randomly divided them into three equal groups. Group A received ultrasound guided TAP block with 0.25% bupivacaine 20 ml plus 4 mg dexamethasone on each side. Group B received 0.25% bupivacaine 20 ml plus dexmedetomidine 0.5 µg/kg on each side, and Group C (control group) patients received only 0.25% bupivacaine 20 ml on each side. Postoperative pain was assessed with VAS on arrival in post-anesthesia care unit (PACU), at 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 18 h, and at 24 h postoperatively. Duration of analgesia was the time from drug injection to the time of first rescue of analgesia was recorded.
Results: Mean duration to first dose of rescue analgesia among patients of dexmedetomidine group (Group B) was significantly prolonged as compared to dexamethasone group and bupivacaine only group. Regarding postoperative pain scores there were no statistically significant difference between the three groups; except at 6 h between the A and B groups and the control group. Both dexamethasone group and dexmedetomidine group showed better pain control than bupivacaine only at 6 h interval.
Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine added to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries prolongs the time to initial postoperative pain presented by time to first rescue analgesic demand than dexamethasone added to bupivacaine; the shortest time to first rescue analgesic was observed in bupivacaine alone group.
Abbreviations: TAP: Transversus abdominis plane block; LA: Local anesthetic; PACU: Post anesthesia care unit; VAS: Visual Analogue Scale; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiologists; SD: Standard deviation; IQR: Inter quartile range.
Citation: Sobhy YS, Gadalla RR, Nofal WH, Saleh MAE, Abdou KM. A comparative study between the use of dexmedetomidine .vs dexamethasone as adjuvants to bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain relief in patients undergoing lower abdominal surgeries. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(5):681–688; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i5.2031
Confronting the devastating ‘Twindemic’: Drug overdose deaths and the COVID-19
Authors: Purvez Akhtar 
Published: February 2023

Summary: The last 25 years have seen a dramatic increase in drug overdose related deaths in both the industrialized and developing countries. Hundreds of thousands of people die every year. This human tragedy has recently been complicated by the COVID-19 epidemic, sidelining the minimal effort that was being implemented. As a global community, the governments, medical institutions, NGOs and the general public need to focus on this devastating human tragedy before more lives are lost senselessly, and unnecessarily.Increased public awareness about new approaches to manage the already afflicted ones including targeted, minimally invasive procedures is required. In addition, the focus needs to be on aggressive research and development of innovative and safer medications and newer modalities for those suffering from chronic pain.This paper offers a perspective, context and a vision for future.
Key words: Opioid epidemic; Drug overdose; Drug-related deaths; Chronic pain; COVID-19; Safer pain medications
Citation: Purvez A. Confronting the devastating ‘twindemic’; drug overdose deaths and the COVID-19. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(6):734−735;
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i6.2064Received: October 26, 2022; Revised: October 29, 2022; Accepted: October 29, 2022
Effect of caudal epidural adhesiolysis plus steroid injections on pain and daily activities among chronic lumbar disc herniation patients; an observational study
Authors: Budisulistyo Trianggoro 
Published: February 2023

Background & Objective: The management of lumbar disc herniation (LDH) remains a big challenge as it may involve the surrounding tissues, and attract neovascularization facilitated macrophage aggregates. Epidural triamcinolone might have a half-life action ranging from 10 to 31 days, whereas 80 mg methylprednisolone might improve the pain up to 1 week. The higher doses of steroids will lead to adrenal cortex suppression and osteopenia. We evaluated the effect of treatment with 1500 international unit (IU) hyaluronidase followed by 20 mg triamcinolone at 2 weeks, and 3 and 6 months follow-up.
Methodology: We enrolled seven males (38.9%) and 11 females (61.1%) with mean age 44 ± 23 y in the study. Eight (44.44%) subjects were younger than 51 y old, whereas the 10 (55.56%) subjects were ≥ 51 y old. Twelve (66.7%) subjects had had a bulged disc, and 6 (33.3%) subjects had disc protrusion. We injected 1500 international unit (IU) hyaluronidase followed by 20 mg triamcinolone at the site of disc lesion. Pain scores were measured with NRS scale and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores at 2 weeks, and 3- and 6-months follow-up.
Results: The NRS score improved at 2 weeks, 40% to 71.43%, at 3 months 60% to 100%, and 6 months 80% to 100%. And the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score was improved at 2 weeks from 23.5% to 68.18%), at 3 months from 39.13% to 100%, and at 6 months 82.35% to 100%. A significant association was observed between age older than 50 y old and ODI scores at 2 weeks followed up.
Conclusions: The intra-epidural 1500 IU hyaluronidase before triamcinolone brings better results even though using a lower dose of triamcinolone. This approach showed the lower-cost better pain scores as compared to the routine use of heavy doses of triamcinolone for managing bulged and protruding LDH.
Drug extravasation: can ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration help?
Authors: Karim Habib Md Reazaul , Vankdavath Lavanya , Arora Prateek 
Published: February 2023

Summary: The authors have drawn the attention towards perhaps a common complication during intravascular techniques, and a novel use of ultrasound to aspirate the extravasated fluids / drugs to minimize the damaging effects.
Abbreviations: GA: general anesthesia; MAC-age: Age-adjusted minimum alveolar concentration
Key words: Patient Safety; Perioperative; Point-of-Care Ultrasound; Anesthetics
Citation: Vankdavath L, Karim HMR, Arora P. Drug extravasation: can ultrasound-guided puncture and aspiration help? Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(6):831−832; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i6.2073