bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy systems modeling for maximizing renewable energy share in fossil fuel dominated Mediterranean climate
Authors: Noorollahi Younes , Rezaei Mohammadmahdi , Mirzaei Mohammadreza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIncreasing energy production and consumption and the need to save and increase its efficiency will lead us to manage the energy system on both supply and demand sides with higher accuracy. This study presents a new model scheme for Mediterranean climate areas' energy systems due to the importance of energy modeling to meet energy systems' needs. This model aims to provide an interactive energy system for two short and medium‐term time horizons (2025 and 2030, respectively) by targeting three main objectives: total primary energy supply, greenhouse gas emissions, and system cost. North Khorasan province in northeastern Iran has been selected for the case study as an example of mountainous and Mediterranean climates. EnergyPLAN has been used as a modeling tool. Accordingly, after examining the study area's current state, its future needs are forecasted using the support vector machine algorithm. The study area's optimal energy system is modeled within the desired time horizons by applying and comparing four different scenarios, including business as usual (BAU), power plant optimization, and demand response with wind or solar power plants. The results show that the part of the energy demand provided by wind scenario's situation is favorable and can meet the study area's future demands. This scenario will reduce CO2 emissions in 2025 and 2030 by 93.87 and 227.78 kilotonnes per year, respectively, compared to the BAU scenario. It is also estimated that this scenario's implementation will save the total annual cost of 8.27 and 156.06 million euros compared to the BAU scenario in 2025 and 2030.
The effects of oral sodium bicarbonate supplementation on anthropometric measures in patients with chronic kidney disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Navab Fatemeh , Rouhani Mohammad Hossein , Moeinzadeh Firouzeh , Clark Cain C. T. , Ziaei Rahele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetabolic acidosis (MA) may play a key role in the pathogenesis of protein‐energy wasting (PEW) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). To present a comprehensive synthesis of the effect of oral sodium bicarbonate (SB) supplementation on anthropometric measures in patients with CKD, a systematic review was undertaken in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Google Scholar, of relevant articles published prior to September 2022. The summary statistics of effect size, nonstandardized weighted mean difference (WMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to compare the effects of SB supplementation on anthropometric parameters vs. control group. To detect probable sources of heterogeneity, a series of predefined subgroup analyses were conducted. In total, 17 studies with 21 treatment arms, including 2203 participants (1149 cases, 1054 controls), met our inclusion criteria and were included in the meta‐analysis. SB supplementation had no significant effect on body weight (BW), midarm muscle circumference (MAMC), or lean body mass (LBM) in patients with CKD. There was a significant increase in body mass index (BMI) (MD: 0.59 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.93, p = 0.001) after SB supplementation in the overall analysis. In subgroup analysis, LBM was increased in studies that were ≥ 24‐week duration (MD: 1.81 kg, 95% CI: 0.81 to 2.81) and in participants with BMI lower than 27 kg/m2 (MD: 1.81 mg/L, 95% CI: 0.81 to 2.81). SB supplementation may yield increases in BMI in predialysis CKD patients. However, our findings did not support the beneficial effects of SB supplementation on other anthropometric outcomes. There is an evident need for long‐term high‐quality interventions to confirm these findings.
A database of detrital zircon U–Pb ages and Lu–Hf isotope of sediments in the South China Sea
Authors: Huang Yu , Hu Lisha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSource‐to‐sink analysis examines the effects of source areas and basin (sink) dynamics on the generation, transport, composition, distribution and deposition of sediment in modern and ancient sedimentary systems. Detrital zircon, as one of the most stable detrital minerals, its U–Pb geochronology and geochemistry is pivotal for sedimentary provenance analysis and reconstructing palaeogeography. The South China Sea (SCS), as the largest marginal sea in the Southeast Asia, is closely related to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of Chinese rivers. In this study, we mainly collect published detrital zircon of Cenozoic sediments in the SCS (include Hainan and Taiwan Islands). These detrital zircon were concentrated on Cenozoic multiple episodic rift basins in the northern part of the SCS. A total of 21,760 detrital zircon U–Pb data from 293 samples and 995 detrital zircon Lu‐Hf isotope data from 22 samples were collected in this dataset, with the main study epochs being the Palaeogene and Neogene. Best ages of these grains are range from 4,691 to 10 Ma and more than half of them within age less than 500 Ma. The 176Hf/177Hf ratios of the SCS samples ranging from 0.280509 to 0.28306 and the εHf(t) values from −63.8 to 24.6. The main age group of the SCS Cenozoic sediments were at 130–95 Ma, 175–130 Ma and 265–230 Ma. The detrital zircon U–Pb age and Lu–Hf isotope data contained in this dataset is an important geological record of the sedimentary and tectonic evolution of the SCS and the evolution of rivers such as the ancient Pearl River and the ancient Red River, which can provide a basis and important clues or exploring the source of sediments in the SCS, the dynamical processes of basin evolution, the evolution of the coastal drainage system and the tectonic uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.
Establishing novel diagnostic criteria for the glucose tolerance test for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes and gestational hyperglycemia
Authors: Sfameni Salvatore F. , Wein Peter , Sfameni Amelia M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo establish diagnostic criteria for the 75‐g 2‐h glucose tolerance test (GTT) to diagnose gestational diabetes and define the clinical entity of gestational hyperglycemia.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed of the results from 500 patients who had a 75‐g 1‐h glucose challenge test (GCT) in early pregnancy as part of a two‐step approach to screening and testing for gestational diabetes. The selected cohort was considered to have normal islet β‐cell function, and upper glycemic levels of normal glucose tolerance in the third trimester were statistically calculated, taking the cutoff threshold values to be the diagnostic criteria for the 75‐g 2‐h GTT. Gestational hyperglycemia was diagnosed from the false‐positive GCT result when ≥8.0 mmol/L (144 mg/dL).ResultsThe diagnostic criteria for the 75‐g 2‐h GTT were calculated as follows: fasting plasma glucose ≥5.4 mmol/L (97 mg/dL); 1‐h plasma glucose ≥10.5 mmol/L (189 mg/dL); and 2‐h plasma glucose ≥8.4 mmol/L (151 mg/dL). The new criteria confirmed a prevalence of gestational diabetes of 11.1% and gestational hyperglycemia of 13.6% in the study population.ConclusionNovel diagnostic criteria for the 75‐g 2‐h GTT were established by statistical analysis. This resulted in a more acceptable prevalence of gestational diabetes in our community and the false‐positive GCT allowed the detection of gestational hyperglycemia.
Physicochemical, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of VEGF loaded PCL‐mPEG and PDGF loaded PCL‐Chitosan dual layered vascular grafts
Authors: Sultana Tamanna , Fahad Md. Abdullah Al , Park Myeongki , Kwon Soon Ha , Lee Byong‐Taek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present study has attempted to evaluate the endothelialization and smooth muscle regeneration efficiency of a novel dual‐layer small‐diameter vascular graft. Two types of layers (PCL‐mPEG‐VEGF and PCL‐Chitosan‐PDGF) were fabricated to find out the best layer giving endothelialization support for the lumen and unique contractile function for outer layer of blood vessels. Platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) and chitosan were immobilized onto PCL surface by aminolysis‐based surface modification technique. Besides, Poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether (mPEG) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were directly blended with PCL. Morphological analysis of membranes ensured consistency of average fibers diameter with native extracellular matrix. A favorable interaction of PCL‐mPEG‐VEGF with cow pulmonary endothelial cells (CPAEs) and PCL‐Chitosan‐PDGF with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (RBMSCs) was obtained during in vitro study. Controlled growth factor release patterns were found from both layers. Further, PCL‐mPEG‐VEGF exhibited endothelial markers expression properties from RBMSCs. Up‐regulation of SMCs markers expression was significantly ensured by the PCL‐Chitosan‐PDGF membrane. Thus, PCL‐mPEG‐VEGF and PCL‐Chitosan‐PDGF were preferred as inner and outer layers respectively of a finally prepared tubular hybrid tissue engineered small diameter vascular graft. Finally, the dual‐layer vascular graft was implanted onto a rat abdominal aorta model for 2 months. The extracted samples exhibited the presence of endothelial marker (ICAM 1) in the inner layer and smooth muscle cell marker (αSMA) in the outer layer as well as substantial amount of collagen deposition was observed in the both layers.
Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of microalgal biomass using portable attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and machine learning analytics
Authors: Sweiss Mais , Assi Sulaf , Barhoumi Lina , Al‐Jumeily Dhiya , Watson Megan , Wilson Megan , Arnot Tom , Scott Rod 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDUsing microalgae for wastewater treatment offers an environmentally friendly method to produce microalgal biomass that can be used for many applications. However, the biochemical characteristics of microalgal biomass vary from species to species, from strain to strain, and between different growth stages within the same species/strain. This study utilized portable attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy to determine the composition of freeze‐dried microalgal biomass corresponding to eight different locally isolated microalgae and a reference strain that were grown in wastewater and then harvested at the log and stationary phases, respectively.RESULTSThe results showed that the portable ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy offered a rapid, non‐destructive, and accurate technique for monitoring changes in the biochemical composition of algal biomass at stationary and log phases, as well as quantifying their main constituents. For qualitative analysis of species, two machine learning analytics (MLAs; correlation in wavenumber space and principal component analysis) were able to differentiate between microalgae isolates in both their stationary and log phases. For quantification, univariate or multivariate regression offered accuracy in quantifying key microalgal constituents related to proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. In this sense, multivariate methods showed more accuracy for quantifying carbohydrates, yet proteins and lipids were more accurately quantified with univariate regression. Based on quantification, the highest relative content of carbohydrates in the log phase was for Jordan‐23 (Jo‐23; Desmodesmus sp.), whereas the highest content in the stationary phase was that for Jordan‐29 (Jo‐29; Desmodesmus sp). Regarding the relative lipid content in the log phase, Jo‐23 had the highest lipid content, while the highest content in the stationary phase was for Jo‐29.CONCLUSIONATR‐FTIR spectroscopy offered a rapid and sustainable method for monitoring the microalgal biomass produced during wastewater treatment processes. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Effect of a demineralization model on the microhardness, surface roughness and topography of giomers: An in vitro study
Authors: Hernández‐Mendieta Luz Alejandra , Scougall‐Vilchis Rogelio José , Rodríguez‐Vilchis Laura Emma , Teutle‐Coyotecatl Bernardo , Velázquez‐Enríquez Ulises , Contreras‐Bulnes Rosalía 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to compare the effect of a demineralization model on the microhardness, surface roughness, and topography of giomers.Seventy‐two discs of six different dental materials in three different presentations (pit and fissure sealant (PFS), flowable and restorative materials) were divided into six groups (n = 12 p/g). Three experimental groups (giomers) consisted of BeautiSealant, Beautifil Flow Plus, and Beautifil II, and three control groups (resin‐based materials) were formed using ClinproTM, FiltekTM Z350 XT Flow, and Filtek™ Bulk Fill materials. Vickers microhardness, surface roughness, and topographic analysis with atomic force microscopy were measured at the beginning (0) after four (1) and 7 days (2) of immersion in a demineralizing model. Statistical analysis was performed using One‐way and Repeated Measures ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient (p ≤ .05). The microhardness values showed significant variations, except for the G_RM group. All the groups presented significant increases in roughness through the experiment stages, except for RB_PFS in the Ra parameter. The topographic analysis showed variations in the micromorphology, especially in the experimental group at the end of the demineralization model. Finally, there was no correlation between microhardness and surface roughness. The demineralization model decreased the microhardness, with the lowest reductions in the giomers groups. The effect of the demineralizing model on the surface roughness and topography showed an increase in specific patterns for the experimental and control groups. Therefore, their clinical use is recommended.Research Highlights
The demineralization model decreased the microhardness property of the evaluated materials, with better performance for the giomer groups.
The effect of the demineralizing model on surface roughness showed an increase with specific patterns for the experimental and control groups.
Although the materials presented changes in their microhardness, roughness, and topography, their clinical use is recommended.
Anatomy of an agricultural antagonist: Feeding complex structure and function of three xylem sap‐feeding insects illuminated with synchrotron‐based 3D imaging
Authors: Clark Elizabeth G. , Cornara Daniele , Brodersen Craig R. , McElrone Andrew J. , Parkinson Dilworth Y. , Almeida Rodrigo P. P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany insects feed on xylem or phloem sap of vascular plants. Although physical damage to the plant is minimal, the process of insect feeding can transmit lethal viruses and bacterial pathogens. Disparities between insect‐mediated pathogen transmission efficiency have been identified among xylem sap‐feeding insects; however, the mechanistic drivers of these trends are unclear. Identifying and understanding the structural factors and associated integrated functional components that may ultimately determine these disparities are critical for managing plant diseases. Here, we applied synchrotron‐based X‐ray microcomputed tomography to digitally reconstruct the morphology of three xylem sap‐feeding insect vectors of plant pathogens: Graphocephala atropunctata (blue‐green sharpshooter; Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) and Homalodisca vitripennis (glassy‐winged sharpshooter; Hemiptera, Cicadellidae), and the spittlebug Philaenus spumarius (meadow spittlebug; Hemiptera, Aphrophoridae). The application of this technique revealed previously undescribed anatomical features of these organisms, such as key components of the salivary complex. The visualization of the 3D structure of the precibarial valve led to new insights into the mechanism of how this structure functions. Morphological disparities with functional implications between taxa were highlighted as well, including the morphology and volume of the cibarial dilator musculature responsible for extracting xylem sap, which has implications for force application capabilities. These morphological insights will be used to target analyses illuminating functional differences in feeding behavior.
Technical Challenges for Laryngeal Electromyography
Authors: Lin R. Jun , Munin Michael C. , Belsky Michael , Smith Brandon , Grose Elysia , Nisenbaum Rosane , Rosen Clark A. , Smith Libby J. 
Published: September 2023

Background/ObjectiveLaryngeal electromyography (LEMG) is a useful diagnostic test in the evaluation of vocal fold paralysis (VFP). This study investigates factors that can make LEMG challenging to perform.MethodsPatients with subacute unilateral VFP presented for LEMG were prospectively enrolled. Demographic data including BMI, previous neck surgery, and anatomic factors were collected. Patient‐reported pain related to the procedure was recorded on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Electromyographer and otolaryngologist recorded a consensus rating of the perceived difficulty in performing the test and confidence in using the results for clinical decision‐making.ResultsA total of 111 patients (56.8% female) were enrolled between August 2015 and August 2018. The mean age was 55 ± 14 years, and the average body mass index (BMI) was 28.5 ± 6.4. The mean patient‐reported VAS score for pain was 35 ± 24. Notably, 31.2% of the tests were considered “very easy,” 32.1% were considered “mildly challenging” and 23.9% and 12.8% were considered “moderately challenging” and “extremely challenging,” respectively, by the clinicians. Common factors affecting LEMG difficulty included poorly palpable surface anatomy (50.5%) and patient intolerance (15.6%). Clinicians felt confident in 76.1% of the test findings. Bivariate analyses showed that prior neck surgery is associated with elevated VAS (p = 0.02), but clinician‐perceived difficulty of performing the test is not associated with elevated VAS scores (p = 0.55).ConclusionsMajority of LEMG tests are well tolerated by patients. Physicians reported more confidence using LEMG for clinical decision‐making when the test was easier to perform. Difficult surface anatomy and patient intolerance affects clinician confidence in integrating the test results with clinical care.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:831–834, 2024
The state of scientific PDF accessibility in repositories: A survey in Switzerland
Authors: Darvishy Alireza , Sethe Rolf , Engler Ines , Pierrès Oriane , Manning Juliet 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis survey analyzes the quality of the portable document format (PDF) documents in online repositories in Switzerland, examining their accessibility for people with visual impairments. Two minimal accessibility features were analysed: the PDFs had to have tags and a hierarchical heading structure. The survey also includes interviews with the managers or heads of multiple Swiss universities' repositories to assess the general opinion and knowledge of PDF accessibility. An analysis of interviewee responses indicates an overall lack of awareness of PDF accessibility, and shows that online repositories currently have no concrete plans to address the issue. This paper concludes by presenting a set of recommendations for online repositories to improve the accessibility of their PDF documents.
Profiling of SARS‐CoV‐2 neutralizing antibody‐associated antigenic peptides signature using proteome microarray
Authors: Wu Mingkun , Liu Jiangfeng , Wang Xinming , Zhang Xiaomei , Liang Te , Chen Lan , Huang Tingxuan , Li Yanan , Zheng Chang , Yang Yehong , Wang Jianwei , Yu Xiaobo , Guo Li , Yang Juntao , Ren Lili 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe profile of antibodies against antigenic epitopes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) during neutralizing antibody (NAb) decay has not been clarified. Using a SARS‐CoV‐2 proteome microarray that contained viral antigenic peptides, we analyzed the characteristics of the humoral response in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) in a longitudinal study. A total of 89 patients were recruited, and 226 plasma samples were serially collected in 2020. In the antigenic peptide microarray, the level of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against peptides within the S2 subunit (S‐82) and a conserved gene region in variants of interest, open reading frame protein 10 (ORF10‐3), were closely associated with the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 NAbs. In an independent evaluation cohort of 232 plasma samples collected from 116 COVID‐19 cases in 2020, S82‐IgG titers were higher in NAbs‐positive samples (p = 0.002) than in NAbs‐negative samples using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. We further collected 66 plasma samples from another cohort infected by Omicron BA.1 virus in 2022. Compared with the samples with lower S82‐IgG titers, NAb titers were significantly higher in the samples with higher S82‐IgG titers (p = 0.04). Our findings provide insights into the understanding of the decay‐associated signatures of SARS‐CoV‐2 NAbs.
Measuring treatment adverse event burden in myasthenia gravis: Single‐center prospective evaluation utilizing the Adverse Event Unit (AEU)
Authors: Hehir Michael K. , Conaway Mark , St. Sauveur Avery B. , Feb Kendall , Kolb Noah A. , Waheed Waqar , McNeish Brendan L. , Tweedy Nicole , Burns Ted M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsWe developed a patient‐ and physician‐weighted consensus unit called the adverse event unit (AEU) that quantifies and compares adverse event (AE) burden among any group of medications in neurological patients. In this study we evaluated preliminary validity and feasibility of measuring AE burden with the AEU in myasthenia gravis (MG).MethodsThis is a single‐center, prospective, 1‐year, observational study of adult MG patients presenting for routine care between April 1, 2021 and March 31, 2022. The MG Activities of Daily Living (MG‐ADL), the 15‐item MG Quality of Life revised (MG‐QOL15r), MG‐Composite, and AEU scores were obtained at all visits. A priori primary feasibility metric was AEU completion rate equal to (within 3.8%, one‐sided 95% confidence interval [CI]) or better than MG‐ADL completion rate. Time to administer AEU and MG‐ADL/MG‐QOL15r, correlation between AEU total score and MG‐QOL15r, and median AEU scores for each MG medication were evaluated.ResultsFifty‐four patients completed 67 study visits; side effects were reported at 75% of the visits. The study met the primary feasibility endpoint; AEU and MG‐ADL were recorded at all visits. Times to administer the AEU (median 5 minutes) and MG‐ADL/MG‐QOL15r were similar. We observed a weak correlation of 0.29 (95% CI 0.03 to 0.51, P = .032) between AEU and MG‐QOL15r scores. Non–statistically significant differences in median AEU scores were observed among MG medications.DiscussionOur data demonstrate preliminary feasibility and validity of using the AEU to measure AE burden in MG. Future studies will compare AE burden among MG treatments and evaluate clinically meaningful AEU scores in MG.