bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ureteroureteral Fistula as a Rare Complication of Ileal Conduit Urinary Diversion: a Case Report
Authors: van Hees Jacqueline E , Buddingh K Tim , van Andel Josje , Roshani Hossain 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLong-term studies on ileal conduit have shown a complication rate of up to 66%. Fistulas are a rare late complication of ileal conduit. To our knowledge, no data about ureteroureteral fistulas has been published yet. We present the case of a 73-year-old man with non-muscle invasive high-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder who failed to BCG due to intolerance and developed a cripple bladder. He underwent a cystoprostatectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy, and an ileal conduit urinary diversion. Four months after the surgery, a raised creatinine level was discovered. Sonography revealed bilateral hydro-ureteronephrosis. Shortly after, the stomal urinary production became minimal, and a nephrostomy was introduced to the right kidney. As a result, the right- as well as the left-sided hydronephrosis diminished, as assessed by ultrasound. Through a loopogram and anterograde pyelography, a stenosis at the ureteroileal anastomosis as well as a connection between the two ureters was proven. As an endoscopic intervention to resolve the obstruction failed, a re-laparotomy to make a neo-anastomosis from the ureters to the ileal conduit was performed. We suspect that total obliteration of the oral end of the ileal conduit caused fistula formation of the ureters. We would like to address this rare phenomenon as a complication of ileal conduit to be mentioned in the differential diagnosis if the outcome of urine is in question. It is not a simple stenosis of the distal portion of the ureters and demands an adapted surgical reconstructing technique as well.
Maximisation of Bending and Membrane Frequencies of Vibration of Variable Stiffness Composite Laminated Plates by a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Moreira Simões Tatiana , Ribeiro Pedro , Conceição António Carlos 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In comparison to traditional, constant stiffness laminates, variable stiffness composite laminates (VSCL) with curvilinear fibres represent an extra analysis effort. It is the purpose of this work to present and test a relatively simple optimisation procedure, in order to find the maximum fundamental frequency of vibration in bending and in in-plane vibrations. It is also intended to explain why certain fibre paths lead to higher frequencies.

Methods
The optimisation is performed using a genetic algorithm (GA), which is described in detail. The bending and the in-plane plate models are based on the p-version Finite Element Method. Each model requires a small number of degrees of freedom, an important feature because applying the GA involves the solution of a large number of eigenvalue problems. In order to support the physical interpretation of the optimal designs, mode shapes and stress fields corresponding to some optimal solutions are illustrated.

Results
Single- and multi-layer plates with different boundary conditions and fibre path types are studied. Fibre paths that lead to maximum fundamental frequencies are found and justified. The consequences that maximising the first frequency has on the higher-order modes of vibration are studied.

Conclusion
The proposed optimisation and modelling methods are effective. Curvilinear fibres with the characteristics considered led to the maximum first natural frequency of vibration in a few cases, but not all. Particularly in in-plane vibrations, curvilinear fibres can provide major gains in comparison to straight fibres. The increase in the vibration frequency is accompanied by, overall, larger stresses.
Biogas conversion to liquid fuels via chemical looping single reactor system with CO2 utilization
Authors: Joshi Rushikesh K. , Mohapatra Pinak , Kudva Ishani Karki , Shinde Shekhar G. , Isom Lindsay , Kovach Louann , Pawlikowski John , Cheng Zhuo , Fan Liang-Shih 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe chemical looping single reactor (CLSR) system utilizing calcium ferrite as oxygen carriers represents an innovative approach to biogas reforming, which has the potential to enhance the efficiency and sustainability of biogas production. In this process, an oxy-combustion burner supplies the necessary endothermic heat while CO2 is simultaneously utilized, resulting in an autothermal process that generates high-purity syngas. Nearly 20% higher CO2 utilization can be achieved compared to the tri-reforming, owing to the higher driving force for CO2 oxidation in the counter-current moving bed and steam knock-out before inletting the flue gas into the reactor bottom. Additionally, the CLSR system is robust to variations in biogas to oxygen carrier ratios and CO2 concentration of the inlet feedstock, maintaining the outlet syngas purity within 1% variation. The effects of temperature, pressure, heat integration, and additional H2O/CO2 flow rate on the system performance are discussed, and the optimized scenarios are used for liquid fuel generation. The proposed process achieves about 13% reduction in syngas requirement compared to the conventional tri-reforming for the same amount of liquid fuel production. The feasibility of the CLSR system is further experimentally verified under various conditions. The results reveal the occurrence of CO2 counter-oxidation reactions on the surface of calcium ferrite oxygen carriers and demonstrate that higher temperatures are beneficial for the CH4 reforming reaction.
On the monogenity of pure quartic relative extensions of $${{\mathbb {Q}}}(i)$$
Authors: Gaál István , Remete László 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe consider pure quartic relative extensions of the number field $${{\mathbb {Q}}}(i)$$

Q
(
i
)

of type $$K={{\mathbb {Q}}}(\root 4 \of {a+bi})$$

K
=
Q
(

a
+
b
i

4

)

, where $$a,b\in {{\mathbb {Z}}}$$

a
,
b
∈
Z

and $$b\ne 0$$

b
≠
0

, such that $$a+bi\in {{\mathbb {Z}}}[i]$$

a
+
b
i
∈
Z
[
i
]

is square-free. We describe integral bases of these fields. The index form equation is reduced to a relative cubic Thue equation over $${{\mathbb {Q}}}(i)$$

Q
(
i
)

and some corresponding quadratic form equations. We consider monogenity of K and relative monogenity of K over $${{\mathbb {Q}}}(i)$$

Q
(
i
)

. We shall show how our former method based on the factors of the index form can be used in the relative case to exclude relative monogenity in some cases.
String Kernel-Based Techniques for Native Language Identification
Authors: Gurram Vamshi Kumar , Sanil J. , Anoop V. S. , Asharaf S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, Native Language Identification (NLI) has shown significant interest in computational linguistics. NLI uses an author’s speech or writing in a second language to figure out their native language. This may find applications in forensic linguistics, language teaching, second language acquisition, authorship attribution, identification of spam emails or phishing websites, etc. Conventional pairwise string comparison techniques are computationally expensive and time-consuming. This paper presents fast NLI techniques based on string kernels such as spectrum, presence bits, and intersection string kernels incorporating different learners such as a Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting-XGBoost (XGB). Feature sets for the proposed techniques are generated using different combinations of features such as n-word grams and noun phrases. Experimental analyses are carried out using 8235 English as a second language articles from 10 different linguistic backgrounds from a typical NLP benchmark dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed NLI technique incorporating a spectrum string kernel with an RF classifier outperformed existing character n-gram string kernels incorporating SVM, RF, and XGB classifiers. Also, comparable results were observed among different combinations of string kernels. Interestingly, the random forest classifier outperformed SVM and XGB classifiers with different feature sets. All the proposed NLI techniques demonstrated promising results with significant improvement in training time, with the best result attaining more than a 95 percent decrease in training time. The reduced training time of proposed techniques makes it well suited to scale NLI applications for production.
Governing Europe's Recovery and Resilience Facility: Between Discipline and Discretion
Authors: Bokhorst David , Corti Francesco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe EU's Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) represents a bold integrationist step in European economic governance. Besides the size of the fiscal envelope, the novelty also lies in the new governance. Member states prepare integrated investment and reform plans and need to fulfil milestones and targets to access funding. This article assesses the balance of power in negotiating the plans and the effect on domestic policymaking. Based on five case studies, we show that the RRF has enhanced the steering capacity of the European Commission on reforms and investments, while member states remain ultimately in charge of the plans. Second, we argue that, while the RRF enhances the efficiency of the policymaking process and allows the fast-forwarding of reforms, it has also led to a contractualization of the relationship with the EU and a centralization of decision-making processes within member states. This latter aspect may hamper ownership and legitimacy in policy implementation.
Antibiotic use in Canadian neonatal intensive care units: a national survey for developing antimicrobial stewardship targets
Authors: Richter Lindsay L. , Ho Matthew Sai-pong , Dunn Michael S. , Lee Kyong-Soon , Robinson Joan L. , Roberts Ashley , Thampi Nisha , Gupta-Bhatnagar Shikha , Shah Prakesh S. , Ting Joseph Y. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA survey was conducted among Canadian tertiary neonatal intensive care units. Of the 27 sites who responded, 9 did not have any form of antimicrobial stewardship, and 11 used vancomycin for empirical coverage in late-onset-sepsis evaluations. We detected significant variations in the diagnostic criteria for urinary tract infection and ventilator-associated pneumonia.
THE STRENGTH OF AN AXIOM OF FINITE CHOICE FOR BRANCHES IN TREES
Authors: GOH JUN LE 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn their logical analysis of theorems about disjoint rays in graphs, Barnes, Shore, and the author (hereafter BGS) introduced a weak choice scheme in second-order arithmetic, called the
$\Sigma ^1_1$
axiom of finite choice (hereafter finite choice). This is a special case of the
$\Sigma ^1_1$
axiom of choice (
$\Sigma ^1_1\text {-}\mathsf {AC}_0$
) introduced by Kreisel. BGS showed that
$\Sigma ^1_1\text {-}\mathsf {AC}_0$
suffices for proving many of the aforementioned theorems in graph theory. While it is not known if these implications reverse, BGS also showed that those theorems imply finite choice (in some cases, with additional induction assumptions). This motivated us to study the proof-theoretic strength of finite choice. Using a variant of Steel forcing with tagged trees, we show that finite choice is not provable from the
$\Delta ^1_1$
-comprehension scheme (even over
$\omega $
-models). We also show that finite choice is a consequence of the arithmetic Bolzano–Weierstrass theorem (introduced by Friedman and studied by Conidis), assuming
$\Sigma ^1_1$
-induction. Our results were used by BGS to show that several theorems in graph theory cannot be proved using
$\Delta ^1_1$
-comprehension. Our results also strengthen results of Conidis.
Monitoring herbage mass and pasture growth rate of large grazing areas: a comparison of the correspondence, cost and reliability of indirect methods
Authors: Ortega G. , Chilibroste P. , Garrido J. M. , Waller A. , Fariña S. R. , Lattanzi F. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTimely grazing decision-making requires routine information on the herbage mass (HM) and pasture growth rate (GR). The aim of this study was to compare the correspondence, cost and reliability of two indirect methods –the comparative yield method (COMPYLD) and the pasture-meter (CDAX)– to estimate HM and weekly GR of a 42 ha grazing area. Weekly assessments from April 2017 to October 2018 were made with both methods to estimate HM and GR of 13 individual paddocks. In addition, estimated GR were compared to aerial net primary productivity (ANPP) estimated using remote sensing (SAT). Estimated HM was 22% lower for COMPYLD than CDAX (HMCOMPYLD = 33 + 0.78*HMCDAX, R2 = 0.61, CV = 17%, RMSE = 291 kgDM/ha). The correspondence between methods of estimated weekly GR of individual paddocks was weak (GRCDAX = 0.18*GRCOMPYLD + 19.1, R2 = 0.05, CV = 73%, RMSE = 21.8 kgDM/ha/d). However, when integrated in three-week moving-averages, over the complete grazing area, COMPYLD and CDAX yielded similar GR up to 35 kg DM/ha/d. Accumulating GR of the grazing area over one year resulted similar to annual SAT-estimated ANPP. These results imply that, on one hand, decisions based on nominal HM, such as target HM and grazing strip size, would need to be adjusted depending on the method, but on the other hand, decisions based in temporal trends or GR, such as size and timing of set-aside areas for reserves, would be unaffected by method. Compared with COMPYLD, CDAX would be advantageous whenever high labour costs offset higher amortization, maintenance and fuel costs, provided there is an alternative in place to monitor during downtime periods.
Visualizing design project team and individual progress using NLP: a comparison between latent semantic analysis and Word2Vector algorithms
Authors: Chiu Matt , Lim Siska , Silva Arlindo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Design has always been seen as an inherently human activity and hard to automate. It requires a lot of traits that are seldom attributable to machines or algorithms. Consequently, the act of designing is also hard to assess. In particular in an educational context, the assessment of progress of design tasks performed by individuals or teams is difficult, and often only the outcome of the task is assessed or graded. There is a need to better understand, and potentially quantify, design progress. Natural Language Processing (NLP) is one way of doing so. With the advancement in NLP research, some of its models are adopted into the field of design to quantify a design class performance. To quantify and visualize design progress, the NLP models are often deployed to analyze written documentation collected from the class participants at fixed time intervals through the span of a course. This paper will explore several ways of using NLP in assessing design progress, analyze its advantages and shortcomings, and present a case study to demonstrate its application. The paper concludes with some guidelines and recommendations for future development.
Associations of the digit ratio with adolescent behavior problems are inconsistent with an intrauterine androgenic origin
Authors: Seeley Allison L. , Mora-Plazas Mercedes , Oliveros Henry , Marín Constanza , Villamor Eduardo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA low second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) is a purported biomarker of increased intrauterine androgenic exposure, presumably linked to postnatal behavior. We aimed to examine the associations between 2D:4D and adolescence behavior problems expected from high (externalizing and attention problems) or low (internalizing problems) prenatal androgen exposure. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1042 Colombian schoolchildren aged 11–18 y. We examined whether caliper-assessed 2D:4D was associated with behavior problems per the Youth Self-Report questionnaire. Mean problem standardized score point differences were estimated between hand- and sex-specific quintiles of 2D:4D with use of multivariable linear regression. Lower right-hand 2D:4D was associated with decreased externalizing and internalizing behavior problem scores. Corresponding lowest-to-median quintile adjusted mean differences (95% CI) were −4.6 (−7.5, −1.7) and −3.5 (−6.4, −0.6) points in boys; and −3.4 (−5.9, −0.9) and −3.5 (−6.2, −0.8) points in girls. Lower right-hand 2D:4D was also related to less attention and thought problems in boys, and to less social problems among girls. Associations were nonlinear, apparent only below 2D:4D medians, and stronger with the right than the left hand. In conclusion, right-hand 2D:4D is related to behavior problems in adolescence in directions that are not fully consistent with an androgenic exposure origin.
The Maryland (USA) Critical Care Coordination Center (C4): From Pandemic to Permanence
Authors: Kelly Melissa A. , Pinet-Peralta Luis M. , Roque Tara M. , Scalea Thomas M. , Delbridge Theodore R. , Galvagno Samuel M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroduction:The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic created overwhelming demand for critical care services within Maryland’s (USA) hospital systems. As intensive care units (ICUs) became full, critically ill patients were boarded in hospital emergency departments (EDs), a practice associated with increased mortality and costs. Allocation of critical care resources during the pandemic requires thoughtful and proactive management strategies. While various methodologies exist for addressing the issue of ED overcrowding, few systems have implemented a state-wide response using a public safety-based platform. The objective of this report is to describe the implementation of a state-wide Emergency Medical Services (EMS)-based coordination center designed to ensure timely and equitable access to critical care.Methods:The state of Maryland designed and implemented a novel, state-wide Critical Care Coordination Center (C4) staffed with intensivist physicians and paramedics purposed to ensure appropriate critical care resource management and patient transfer assistance. A narrative description of the C4 is provided. A retrospective cohort study design was used to present requests to the C4 as a case series report to describe the results of implementation.Results:Providing a centralized asset with regional situational awareness of hospital capability and bed status played an integral role for directing the triage process of critically ill patients to appropriate facilities during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 2,790 requests were received by the C4. The pairing of a paramedic with an intensivist physician resulted in the successful transfer of 67.4% of requests, while 27.8% were managed in place with medical direction. Overall, COVID-19 patients comprised 29.5% of the cohort. Data suggested increased C4 usage was predictive of state-wide ICU surges. The C4 usage volume resulted in the expansion to pediatric services to serve a broader age range. The C4 concept, which leverages the complimentary skills of EMS clinicians and intensivist physicians, is presented as a proposed public safety-based model for other regions to consider world-wide.Conclusion:The C4 has played an integral role in the State of Maryland’s pledge to its citizens to deliver the right care to the right patient at the right time and can be considered as a model for adoption by other regions world-wide.
The Cult of the Relevant: International Relations Scholars and Policy Engagement Beyond the Ivory Tower
Authors: Hendrix Cullen S. , Macdonald Julia , Powers Ryan , Peterson Susan , Tierney Michael J. 
Published: June 2023

Over the past fifteen years, a narrative has developed that IR scholars have become a “cult of the irrelevant,” with declining influence on and engagement with policy debates. Despite these assertions, the evidence for limited policy engagement has been anecdotal. We investigate the extent of policy engagement—the ways in which IR scholars participate in policy-making processes and/or attempt to shape those processes—by surveying IR scholars directly about their engagement activities. We find policy engagement is pervasive among IR scholars. We draw on theories of credit-claiming to motivate expectations about how and when scholars are likely to engage with practitioners. Consistent with our expectations, much of this engagement comes in forms that involve small time commitments and provide opportunities for credit-claiming, such as media appearances and short-form, bylined op-eds and blog posts. However, sizable minorities report engaging in consulting activities not for attribution/publication and writing policy briefs, and a majority of respondents indicate they engaged in these activities several times a year or more. We find only small differences in engagement across gender and rank. Our results demonstrate that, for IR scholars, some form of policy engagement is the norm.
Occurrence and diversity of poisonous plants in urban community gardens
Authors: Sebald Veronica , Schmack Julia , Egerer Monika 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Urban community gardens promote human health, offer recreational space and support urban biodiversity. Urban gardens are situated in diverse landscape contexts and have diverse social contexts with gardeners of various horticultural experiences and backgrounds, both of which results in the wide plant species variety of urban garden habitats. These plants represent a range of traits, one of which may be the production of substances that are poisonous to humans. These plants may also be of ecosystem functioning and biodiversity conservation value, creating an ecosystem service trade-off of human health promotion. In this paper, we report on the occurrence of poisonous plant species in 30 urban community gardens in two German cities (Berlin, Munich) and discuss potential concerns around poisonous and highly poisonous plants in urban gardens. We conclude that, depending on the garden participants as well as the goals of the garden organization, poisonous plants should be carefully monitored and managed to dually mitigate health risks while supporting biodiversity conservation. We propose possible strategies to manage potential threats posed by these plants while simultaneously allowing them to reside alongside people in urban gardens.
Pre-colonial centralization and tax compliance norms in contemporary Uganda
Authors: Ali Merima , Fjeldstad Odd-Helge 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe paper examines the legacy of pre-colonial centralization on tax compliance norms of citizens in contemporary Uganda. Using a regression discontinuity analysis on neighboring ethnic homelands with different levels of pre-colonial centralization, we find that pre-colonial centralization is correlated with stronger norm for tax compliance. The result is explained by the legacy of location-specific capacity of centralized states in upholding authority and a strong social cohesion exhibited through higher interpersonal trust but not through trust in public institutions.
Scaling of Repeating Earthquakes at the Transition From Aseismic to Seismic Slip
Authors: Lengliné O. , Ampuero J. P. , Schmittbuhl J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSome observations of repeating earthquakes show an unusual, non‐self‐similar scaling between seismic moment and corner frequency, a source property related to rupture size. These observations have been mostly reported in regions at the transition from stable to unstable slip, in geothermal reservoirs and subduction zones. What controls the non self‐similarity of these ruptures and how this is linked to the frictional stability of the interface are still open questions. Here we develop seismic cycle simulations of a single unstable slipping patch to investigate the mechanisms underlying this behavior. We show that temporal changes of normal stress on a fault can produce ruptures that exhibit the observed anomalous scaling. Our results highlight the role of fault zone fluid pressure in modulating the effective normal stress and contributing to the sliding stability of the fault.