bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uniform distribution of saddle connection lengths in all $$\textsf{SL}(2,\pmb {\mathbb {R}})$$ orbits
Authors: Robertson Donald , Dozier Benjamin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFor every flat surface, almost every flat surface in its $$\textsf{SL}(2,\mathbb {R})$$

SL
(
2
,
R
)

orbit has the following property: the sequence of its saddle connection lengths in non-decreasing order is uniformly distributed in the unit interval.
Process mining to discover patterns in patient outcomes in a Psychological Therapies Service
Authors: Potts C. , Bond R. R. , Jordan J-A. , Mulvenna M. D. , Dyer K. , Moorhead A. , Elliott A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the mental health sector, Psychological Therapies face numerous challenges including ambiguities over the client and service factors that are linked to unfavourable outcomes. Better understanding of these factors can contribute to effective and efficient use of resources within the Service. In this study, process mining was applied to data from the Northern Health and Social Care Trust Psychological Therapies Service (NHSCT PTS). The aim was to explore how psychological distress severity pre-therapy and attendance factors relate to outcomes and how clinicians can use that information to improve the service. Data included therapy episodes (N = 2,933) from the NHSCT PTS for adults with a range of mental health difficulties. Data were analysed using Define-Measure-Analyse model with process mining. Results found that around 11% of clients had pre-therapy psychological distress scores below the clinical cut-off and thus these individuals were unlikely to significantly improve. Clients with fewer cancelled or missed appointments were more likely to significantly improve post-therapy. Pre-therapy psychological distress scores could be a useful factor to consider at assessment for estimating therapy duration, as those with higher scores typically require more sessions. This study concludes that process mining is useful in health services such as NHSCT PTS to provide information to inform caseload planning, service management and resource allocation, with the potential to improve client’s health outcomes.
Microwave coplanar band-stop filters based on electric-LC resonators: systematic numerical approach and experimental validation
Authors: Aldrigo Martino , Zappelli Leonardo , Cismaru Alina , Dragoman Mircea , Iordanescu Sergiu , Mladenovic Damir , Parvulescu Catalin , Joseph C. H. , Mencarelli Davide , Pierantoni Luca , Russo Paola 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a comparative method to analyze a complex microwave structure consisting of a silicon-based coplanar waveguide line and four electric-LC resonators, thus forming a wideband microwave band-stop filter that can be easily integrated at the wafer level together with other devices and sub-systems for large-scale production of high-frequency electronics. A rigorous and careful approach is needed when choosing the proper simulation settings and, as a good rule of thumb, both time and frequency domains should provide the same results. Furthermore, the experimental validation requires supplementary components (like connectors), often ignored when designing an electromagnetic structure highly impacting on the overall performance. In this work, we go in depth into all these issues and show how the right choices in terms of computational parameters can lead to a good agreement with the measurements of the proposed CMOS-compatible band-stop filter in the band 2–18 GHz, with a relative bandwidth of almost 30$$\%$$
%
around the band-stop frequency of 13.2 GHz and a rejection level of − 40 dB.
Topological Manin pairs and $$(n,s)$$-type series
Authors: Abedin Raschid , Maximov Stepan , Stolin Alexander 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLie subalgebras of $$ L = {\mathfrak {g}}(\!(x)\!) \times {\mathfrak {g}}[x]/x^n{\mathfrak {g}}[x] $$

L
=
g

(

(
x
)

)

×
g

[
x
]

/

x
n

g

[
x
]

, complementary to the diagonal embedding $$\Delta $$
Δ
of $$ {\mathfrak {g}}[\![x]\!] $$

g
[

[
x
]

]

and Lagrangian with respect to some particular form, are in bijection with formal classical r-matrices and topological Lie bialgebra structures on the Lie algebra of formal power series $$ {\mathfrak {g}}[\![x]\!] $$

g
[

[
x
]

]

. In this work we consider arbitrary subspaces of L complementary to $$\Delta $$
Δ
and associate them with so-called series of type (n, s) . We prove that Lagrangian subspaces are in bijection with skew-symmetric (n, s) -type series and topological quasi-Lie bialgebra structures on $$ {\mathfrak {g}}[\![x]\!] $$

g
[

[
x
]

]

. Using the classificaiton of Manin pairs we classify up to twisting and coordinate transformations all quasi-Lie bialgebra structures. Series of type (n, s) , solving the generalized classical Yang-Baxter equation, correspond to subalgebras of L. We discuss their possible utility in the theory of integrable systems.
Small diameters and generators for arithmetic lattices in $$\textrm{SL}_2(\mathbb {R})$$ and certain Ramanujan graphs
Authors: Steiner Raphael S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe show that arithmetic lattices in $$\textrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb {R})$$

SL
2

(
R
)

, stemming from the proper units of an Eichler order in an indefinite quaternion algebra over $$\mathbb {Q}$$
Q
, admit a ‘small’ covering set. In particular, we give bounds on the diameter if the quotient space is co-compact. Consequently, we show that these lattices admit small generators. Our techniques also apply to definite quaternion algebras where we show Ramanujan-strength bounds on the diameter of certain Ramanujan graphs without the use of the Ramanujan bound.
Resurrecting the Hume’s Dictum argument against metaethical non-naturalism
Authors: Gordon Noah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractI argue for the viability of one neglected way of developing supervenience-based objections to metaethical non-naturalism. This way goes through a principle known as ‘Hume’s Dictum’, according to which there are no necessary connections between distinct existences. I challenge several objections to the Hume’s Dictum-based argument. In the course of doing so, I formulate and motivate modest and precise versions of Hume’s Dictum, illustrate how arguments employing these principles might proceed, and argue that the Hume’s Dictum argument enjoys some advantages relative to other supervenience-based objections to non-naturalism.
Amsterdam urban water system as entry point of river plastic pollution
Authors: Tasseron Paolo , Begemann Finn , Joosse Nonna , van der Ploeg Martine , van Driel Joppe , van Emmerik Tim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccumulation of plastic litter in aquatic environments negatively impacts ecosystems and human livelihood. Urban areas are assumed to be the main source of plastic pollution in these environments because of high anthropogenic activity. Yet, the drivers of plastic emissions, abundance, and retention within these systems and subsequent transport to river systems are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that urban water systems function as major contributors to river plastic pollution, and explore the potential driving factors contributing to the transport dynamics. Monthly visual counting of floating litter at six outlets of the Amsterdam water system results in an estimated 2.7 million items entering the closely connected IJ river annually, ranking it among the most polluting systems measured in the Netherlands and Europe. Subsequent analyses of environmental drivers (including rainfall, sunlight, wind speed, and tidal regimes) and litter flux showed very weak and insignificant correlations (r = $$-$$
-
0.19–0.16), implying additional investigation of potential drivers is required. High-frequency observations at various locations within the urban water system and advanced monitoring using novel technologies could be explored to harmonize and automate monitoring. Once litter type and abundance are well-defined with a clear origin, communication of the results with local communities and stakeholders could help co-develop solutions and stimulate behavioral change geared to reduce plastic pollution in urban environments.
Add-on radioiodine during long-term BRAF/MEK inhibition in patients with RAI-refractory thyroid cancers: a reasonable option?
Authors: Montes de Jesus Filipe Miguel , Espeli Vittoria , Paone Gaetano , Giovanella Luca 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDual modulation of the MAPK pathway with BRAF (e.g., dabrafenib) and MEK (e.g., trametinib) inhibitors has the potential to re-establish radioiodine (RAI) sensitivity in BRAF-mutated RAI-refractory (RAI-R)-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) cells. Here we showed that (1) double BRAF/MEK inhibition may still reach a significant redifferentiation in patients with a long-history RAI-R DTC and multiple previous treatments; (2) the addition of high RAI activities may obtain a significant structural response in such patients; and (3) a divergence between increasing thyroglobulin and structural response may be a reliable biomarker or redifferentiation. Accordingly, the add-on prescription of high activities of 131I should be considered in RAI-R patients under multikinase inhibitors with stable or responding structural disease and divergent increase of Tg levels.
Adoption and impacts of improved post-harvest technologies on food security and welfare of maize-farming households in Tanzania: a comparative assessment
Authors: Mutungi Christopher , Manda Julius , Feleke Shiferaw , Abass Adebayo , Bekunda Mateete , Hoschle-Zeledon Irmgard , Fischer Gundula 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
During the last decade, post-harvest losses (PHL) reduction has been topping the agenda of governments as a pathway for addressing food security, poverty, and nutrition challenges in Africa. Using survey data from 579 households, we investigated the factors that affect farmers’ decisions to adopt post-harvest technologies: mechanized shelling, drying tarpaulins, and airtight storage validated for reducing PHL in Tanzania’s maize-based systems, and the impacts on households’ food security and welfare. Mechanized shelling addressed a labor issue, while tarpaulins and airtight storage addressed product quality and quantity concerns. The results revealed large farm sizes and location in higher production potential zones (proxies for higher production scale) and neighbors' use of the technologies as universal drivers for adoption. Access to credit and off-farm income were unique determinants for airtight storage, while group membership increased the probability of adopting drying tarpaulin and airtight storage. The technologies have positive impacts on food security and welfare: drying tarpaulins and airtight storage significantly increased food availability (18–27%), food access (24–26%), and household incomes (112–155%), whereas mechanized shelling improved food and total expenditures by 49% and 68%, respectively. The share of total household expenditure on food decreased by 42%, 11%, and 51% among tarpaulin, mechanized shelling, and airtight storage adopter households, signaling significant improvements in food security and reductions in vulnerability. The results point to the need for policy support to enhance the adoption of these technologies, knowledge sharing among farmers, and financial resources access to support investments in the technologies.
Exploring exploration—how to look for deep-sea minerals
Authors: Trellevik Lars-Kristian Lunde 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the spring of 2023, the subsea industry in Norway is gearing up for an opening of the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS) for deep-sea mineral exploration and extraction. Existing research indicates that the profitability of deep-sea mining with today's technology heavily depends on high ore grades. This study explores the potential for emerging techno-operational concepts for exploration to affect the profitability of seafloor massive sulfide (SMS) industry on the NCS. By way of computer simulation, the study analyzes technologies currently or soon poised to enter the subsea market concerning their advantage or disadvantage for the SMS industry on the NCS. The study indicates a significant advantage in developing geophysical sampling technology for assessing mineral resources and some advantage in developing unmanned surface vessels for regional surveys. It further indicates that developing fleet-operated autonomous underwater vehicle concepts for high-resolution surveys is not only moot but possibly counterproductive. The study thereby contributes techno-operational insight for a budding industry currently looking for technology to improve commercial prospects.
Farmer responses to an input subsidy and co-learning program: intensification, extensification, specialization, and diversification?
Authors: Marinus Wytze , van de Ven Gerrie WJ , Descheemaeker Katrien , Vanlauwe Bernard , Giller Ken E 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Sustainable intensification aims to increase production and improve livelihoods of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. Many farmers, however, are caught in a vicious cycle of low productivity and lack of incentives to invest in agricultural inputs. Moving towards sustainable intensification therefore requires support such as input subsidies and learning about new options through, for instance, co-learning approaches. Yet such support is not straightforward as agricultural developments often diverge from the envisaged pathways: extensification may occur instead of intensification and specialization instead of diversification. Understanding of farmers’ responses to incentives such as input subsidies and new knowledge is lacking. Our overarching aim was to improve this understanding, in order to better support future pathways for agricultural development in smallholder farming. Over five seasons, we compared the responses of farmers in western Kenya taking part in a novel co-learning program we developed, which included provision of an input voucher, with the responses of farmers who only received a voucher. We also assessed the differences before and during the program. We used diverse indicators that were related to the different agricultural development pathways. Farmer responses were mainly a result of the input voucher. Farmers increased maize yields (intensification) and maize area (specialization) for maize self-sufficiency. Increased farm and maize areas in combination with relatively low N application rates also pointed to extensification coupled with the risk of soil N mining. Diversification by increasing the soybean and groundnut area share was facilitated by the integrated co-learning approach, which thereby supported relatively complex farm management changes. Our results highlight the difficulty of enabling yield and production increases, while also meeting environmental and economic goals. The diversity of farmer responses and constraints beyond the farm level underlined the importance of wider socio-economic developments in addition to support of sustainable intensification at farm level.
Hydrodynamics of a swimming batoid fish at Reynolds numbers up to 148 000
Authors: Zhang Dong , Huang Wei-Xi 
Published: May 2023

Flow around a tethered model of a swimming batoid fish is studied by using the wall-modelled large-eddy simulation in conjunction with the immersed boundary method. A Reynolds number (

$Re$

) up to 148 000 is chosen, and it is comparable to that of a medium-sized aquatic animal in cruising swimming state. At such a high

$Re$

, we provide, to the best of our knowledge, the first evidence of hairpin vortical (HV) structures near the body surface using three-dimensional high-fidelity flow field data. It is observed that such small-scale vortical structures are mainly formed through two mechanisms: the leading-edge vortex (LEV)–secondary filament–HV and LEV–HV transformations in different regions. The HVs create strong fluctuations in the pressure distribution and frequency spectrum. Simulations are also conducted at

$Re=1480$

and 14 800 to reveal the effect of Reynolds number. Variations of the flow separation behaviour and local pressure with

$Re$

are presented. Our results indicate that low-

$Re$

simulations are meaningful when the focus is on the force variation tendency, whereas high-

$Re$

simulations are needed when concerning flow fluctuations and turbulence mechanisms.
The figure of the guide: arctic nature guiding as productive behaviour on Svalbard
Authors: la Cour Eva 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Drawing from ethnographic participation in a ski excursion among a group of Arctic Nature Guide students on the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard, this paper explores guiding as a model of practice embedded in relations – material encounters, discursive frictions and collaborative efforts. The article pays attention to practical negotiations and navigations of these relations while making use of historical scholarship on the role of the guide as a basis for theoretical reflections on the role’s mediation activities. More precisely, the paper advocates a “creation-model of mediation” that challenges modernist representational discourse (and conceptualisations of nature) through a recognition of guiding as productive behaviour. Displaying agency in meaning-making and embodying Svalbard’s transient cosmopolitan population, the guide emerges as a figure on ground far from fixed and settled, and as a tool with which to appraise Svalbard as more geo-aesthetical condition than bounded place.
Trying to name what doesn't change: Neural nonresponse to Cognitive Therapy for depression
Authors: Strege Marlene V. , Richey John A. , Siegle Greg J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTheoretical models of neural mechanisms underlying Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) for major depressive disorder (MDD) propose that psychotherapy changes neural functioning of prefrontal cortical structures associated with cognitive-control processes (DeRubeis, Siegle, & Hollon, 2008); however, MDD is persistent and characterized by long-lasting vulnerabilities to recurrence after intervention, suggesting that underlying neural mechanisms of MDD remain despite treatment. It follows that identification of treatment-resistant aberrant neural processes in MDD may inform clinical and research efforts targeting sustained remission. Thus, we sought to identify brain regions showing aberrant neural functioning in MDD that either (1) fail to exhibit substantive change (nonresponse) or (2) exhibit functional changes (response) following CBT.MethodsTo identify treatment-resistant neural processes (as well as neural processes exhibiting change after treatment), we collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of MDD patients (n = 58) before and after CBT as well as never-depressed controls (n = 35) before and after a similar amount of time. We evaluated fMRI data using conjunction analyses, which utilized several contrast-based criteria to characterize brain regions showing both differences between patients and controls at baseline and nonresponse or response to CBT.ResultsFindings revealed nonresponse in a cerebellar region and response in prefrontal and parietal regions.ConclusionsResults are consistent with prior theoretical models of CBT's direct effect on cortical regulatory processes but expand on them with identification of additional regions (and associated neural systems) of response and nonresponse to CBT.
Who were the Lelegians? Interrogating affiliations, boundaries and difference in ancient Caria
Authors: Mokrišová Jana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWho were the Lelegians? Ancient Greek and Latin texts refer to the Lelegians as an indigenous people, locating them in southwestern Anatolia in a region known in historical times as Caria. Yet attempts to find evidence for the Lelegians ‘on the ground’ have met with questionable success. This paper has two aims. First, it provides an up-to-date picture of the archaeology of ancient Caria and shows that there is little indication of distinctly ‘Lelegian’ forms of material culture during the first millennium BCE. Second, it juxtaposes archaeological evidence with the development of the Lelegian ethnonym and suggests that the idea of a distinct Lelegian identity was retrospectively constructed by the Carians to fulfil the role of an imaginary ‘barbarian other’. This happened in the late Classical and early Hellenistic periods, a time of intensified Carian ethnogenesis, and was a process that responded to and made creative use of earlier Greek knowledge traditions. Finally, this paper argues that a later horizon of Lelegian imagining occurred in modern scholarship of the 19th and 20th centuries. Who, then, were the Lelegians? This article proposes that they were an imaginary people, invented and reinvented over the centuries.
Social Organizations in Rural China: From Autonomy to Governance
Authors: Kan Karita , Ku Hok Bun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article examines the government purchase of social services in China as a window by which to investigate the evolving relations between the party-state and social organizations. Going beyond the conventional focus on state–non-governmental organization (NGO) dynamics in urban areas, we explore the expanded role of social organizations in rural service provision under state-led campaigns of rural modernization. Engaging with institutional theory and the consultative authoritarianism thesis, we argue that NGOs initially operated in an emerging organizational field where they exercised considerable autonomy in setting agendas and designing services. As the party-state's incentives to utilize and co-opt the social work profession grow, however, we observe a trend towards incorporation, wherein social workers now play a bigger role alongside the strengthening of state control over the sector. Through tracing the inception and eventual termination of a decade-long social service project in Guangdong, this article shows how state incorporation might undermine the future role of NGOs in rural development.
Cardiac injury in children with COVID-19
Authors: Herber Joshua M. , Bhumbra Samina S. , Johansen Michael W. , Slaven James E. , Serrano Ryan M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:There is little known about the spectrum of cardiac injury in acute COVID-19 infection in children.Methods:A single-centre, retrospective chart analysis was performed. The protocol was deemed IRB exempt. All patients under the age of 21 years admitted from 20 March, 2020 to 22 June, 2021 for acute symptomatic COVID-19 infection or clinical suspicion of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 were included. Past medical history, lab findings, echocardiogram and electrocardiogram/telemetry findings, and clinical outcomes were reviewed.Results:Sixty-six patients with MIS-C and 178 with acute COVID-19 were reviewed. Patients with MIS-C had more cardiac testing than those with acute COVID-19. Inflammatory markers were more likely elevated, and function was more likely abnormal on echocardiogram in those with MIS-C with testing performed. Among patients with MIS-C, 17% had evidence of coronary dilation versus 0% in the acute COVID-19 group. One (0.6%) patient with acute COVID-19 had clinically significant electrocardiogram or telemetry findings, and this was in the setting of prior arrhythmias and CHD. Four (6%) patients with MIS-C had clinically significant findings on electrocardiogram or telemetry. Among patients with acute COVID-19, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support was required in 0.6% of patients with acute COVID-19, and there was a 2.8% mortality. There were no deaths in the setting of MIS-C.Conclusions:Patients with acute COVID-19 and clinical suspicion of cardiac injury had a lower incidence of abnormal laboratory findings, ventricular dysfunction, or significant arrhythmia than those with MIS-C.