bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A data-consistent model of the last glaciation in the Alps achieved with physics-driven AI
Authors: Leger Tancrède P. M. , Jouvet Guillaume , Kamleitner Sarah , Mey Jürgen , Herman Frédéric , Finley Brandon D. , Ivy-Ochs Susan , Vieli Andreas , Henz Andreas , Nussbaumer Samuel U. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
25 thousand years ago, the European Alps were covered by the kilometre-thick Alpine Ice Field. Numerical modelling of this glaciation has been challenged by model-data disagreements, including overestimations of ice thickness. We tackle this issue by applying the Instructed Glacier Model, a three-dimensional model enhanced with physics-informed machine learning. This approach allows us to produce 100 Alps-wide and 17 thousand-year-long simulations at 300 m resolution. Previously unfeasible due to computational costs, our experiment both increases model-data agreement in ice extent and reduces the offset in ice thickness by between 200% and 450% relative to previous studies. Our results have implications for better estimating former ice velocities, ice temperature, basal conditions, erosion processes, and paleoclimate in the Alps. This study demonstrates that physics-informed machine learning can help overcome the bottleneck of high-resolution glacier modelling and better test parameterisations, both of which are required to accurately describe complex topographies and ice dynamics.
Isolation of a planar π-aromatic Bi5− ring in a cobalt-based inverse-sandwich-type complex
Authors: Rienmüller Julia , Peerless Benjamin , Paul Sagar , Bruder Florian , Wernsdorfer Wolfgang , Weigend Florian , Dehnen Stefanie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Monocyclic π-aromatic compounds are ubiquitous throughout almost all fields of natural sciences—as synthons in industrial processes, as ligands of metal complexes for catalysis or sensing and as bioactive molecules. Planar organocycles stand out through their specific way of overcoming electron deficiency by a non-localizable set of (4n + 2)π electrons. By contrast, all-metal aromatic monocycles are still rare, as metal atoms prefer to form clusters with multiply bonded atoms instead. This limits the knowledge and potential of corresponding compounds in chemical syntheses or for innovative materials. Here we report the successful generation of Bi5
−, the heaviest analogue of (C5H5)−. Its use as a ligand in [{IMesCo}2(µ,η5:η5-Bi5)] (1) was realized by reacting (TlBi3)2− with [(IMes)2CoCl] (where IMes is bis(1,3-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl))imidazol-2-ylidene) in ortho-difluorobenzene. Compound 1 is mixed-valence Co0/CoI as verified by µ-SQUID measurements and density functional theory, and embeds the planar Bi5
− cycle in an inverse-sandwich-type manner. Capturing Bi5
− represents a landmark in the chemistry of all-metal aromatic molecules and defines a new era for aromatic compounds.
The impact of parameter variation in the quantification of forensic genetic evidence
Authors: Costa Camila , Figueiredo Carolina , Costa Sandra , Ferreira Paulo Miguel , Amorim António , Prieto Lourdes , Pinto Nádia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Technological advancements have allowed the detection of increasingly complex forensic genetics samples, as minimum amounts of DNA can now be detected in crime scenes or other settings of interest. The weight of the evidence depends on several parameters regarding the population and sample-related analytical factors, the latter in a greater number when the DNA amount is considered. This led to the development of probabilistic genotyping software (PGS), able to deal with the associated complexities. This study aims to evaluate the impact on the evidence’s weighing, when different analytical threshold values are used, and when different models and/or estimates for analytical artifacts, such as stutters or drop-in parameters, are considered. To reach this goal, three PGS, based on different statistical models, were used to analyze real casework pairs of samples composed of a mixture with either two or three estimated contributors, and a single-source sample associated. The obtained results show that the estimation of these parameters must not be overlooked, as they may considerably impact the outcome. This underlines the importance of proper parametrization in the analysis of forensic genetics identification problems when using complex samples, and the understanding by practitioners of how probabilistic genotyping informatics tools work to use them accurately.
Proteomic analysis reveals the roles of silicon in mitigating glyphosate-induced toxicity in Brassica napus L.
Authors: Mittra Probir Kumar , Rahman Md Atikur , Roy Swapan Kumar , Kwon Soo-Jeong , Mojumdar Abhik , Yun Sung Ho , Cho Kun , Cho Seong-Woo , Zhou Meiliang , Katsube-Tanaka Tomoyuki , Woo Sun-Hee 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Glyphosate (Gly) is a widely used herbicide for weed control in agriculture, but it can also adversely affect crops by impairing growth, reducing yield, and disrupting nutrient uptake, while inducing toxicity. Therefore, adopting integrated eco-friendly approaches and understanding the mechanisms of glyphosate tolerance in plants is crucial, as these areas remain underexplored. This study provides proteome insights into Si-mediated improvement of Gly-toxicity tolerance in Brassica napus. The proteome analysis identified a total of 4,407 proteins, of which 594 were differentially abundant, including 208 up-regulated and 386 down-regulated proteins. These proteins are associated with diverse biological processes in B. napus, including energy metabolism, antioxidant activity, signal transduction, photosynthesis, sulfur assimilation, cell wall functions, herbicide tolerance, and plant development. Protein-protein interactome analyses confirmed the involvement of six key proteins, including L-ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, glutaredoxin-C2, peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 2, and peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase A3 which involved in antioxidant activity, sulfur assimilation, and herbicide tolerance, contributing to the resilience of B. napus against Gly toxicity. The proteomics insights into Si-mediated Gly-toxicity mitigation is an eco-friendly approach, and alteration of key molecular processes opens a new perspective of multi-omics-assisted B. napus breeding for enhancing herbicide resistant oilseed crop production.
Individual pitch control for load reduction of offshore wind turbine based on particle swarm optimization and fuzzy logic
Authors: Zhang Chuanzhi , Chen Yijing , Zhao Dawei , Li Chunhua , Guo Xiaojiang , Bu Jing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs wind turbine grow in size, the uneven distribution of wind speeds within the rotor‐wept area results in unbalanced loads, which have become a significant factor affecting wind turbine performance. Load feedback‐based individual pitch control (IPC) for wind turbine addresses this issue. However, traditional proportional‐integral (PI) controllers may not have optimal proportional and integral coefficients in engineering applications, and fixed‐coefficient PI controllers are not ideal for complex operating conditions. Therefore, this paper proposes an offline optimization‐online self‐correction control method based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and fuzzy logic. The PSO algorithm is employed offline to minimize unbalanced rotor loads by optimizing the PI coefficients, which are then subjected to online self‐correction based on fuzzy logic. Joint simulations using OpenFAST and MATLAB demonstrate that the proposed offline optimization‐online self‐correction control method enhances the load reduction effectiveness of IPC in wind turbine.
Traumatologie – erfolgreiche Behandlung durch die Kombination von
Homöopathie und Osteopathie
Authors: Scheer Anke 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungBei der homöopathischen Fallerarbeitung eines körperlichen Traumas können uns
Kenntnisse über die Gewebefunktion, wie sie in der Osteopathie verstanden
werden, helfen, die richtige Behandlungsebene und die dazu passende Arznei zu
finden. Anhand eines subakuten HWS-Traumas werden die grundlegenden Aspekte
erarbeitet. Der Fall eines chronischen Rückenschmerzpatienten zeigt die
Mechanismen und Fallstricke einer Dysfunktionskette auf. Bei dem letzten
Patienten mündet die Krankheitsdynamik des auslösenden Blitzunfalls nach
Jahrzehnten in einer Krebserkrankung.
Therapieresistente Epilepsie bei einem Säugling mit
Gehirnmalformation
Authors: Hock Nikolaus 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungBeschrieben wird die Krankengeschichte eines Jungen (7 Jahre, homöopathische
Behandlung über 6 Jahre) mit therapieresistenter fokaler Epilepsie (bis zu 50
Anfälle/Tag) bei linksfrontaler zerebraler Malformation. Vorübergehende,
hochdosierte allopathische antiepileptische Therapie, dann Indikation zur
Hemisphärektomie, was allerdings Sprachstörungen, eine Hemiparese und eine
Hemianopsie zur Folge gehabt hätte. Unter homöopathischer Therapie rasche
Anfallsfreiheit, keine Operationsindikation mehr, gute, situationsentsprechende
Entwicklung des Kindes, seit 4 Jahren keine Antiepileptika mehr erforderlich.
Das letzte EEG altersentsprechend normal.
Agnès Varda’s the ethics and the strategies of omission
Authors: Piotrowska Agnieszka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article and the video essay are about Agnès Varda’s love, forgiveness and standing one’s ground through at times a strategy of omission and absence. The article also aims to suggest that her filmmaking was conceptually rooted in Lacanian psychoanalysis whilst retaining its commitment to social justice and feminism at all times. In my own work, I have suggested that in order to subvert the patriarchy, it is at times necessary to be ‘nasty’ (Piotrowska Piotrowska, The nasty woman and the neo-femme fatale in contemporary cinema, Routledge, London, 2019; Piotrowska, Agnieszka. 2014, 2023. Psychoanalysis and Ethics in Documentary Film, London and New York: Routledge). This is not the case with the work and life of Agnès Varda, whose output I argue is characterised by boldness, rigour and care. This article is linked to the video essay which inspired the article and the thinking behind it. The video essay, the original version of which was presented at the plenary session of the Visible Evidence conference in 2019 at the University of Southern California, UD, has the style of a music video and focuses on love and loss.
Mapping spatial distributions within pseudoscalar mesons
Authors: Raya Khépani , Bashir Adnan , Rodríguez-Quintero José 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Several aspects of the internal structure of pseudoscalar mesons, accessible through generalized parton distributions in their zero-skewness limit, are examined. These include electromagnetic and gravitational form factors related to charge and mass densities; and distributions in the impact parameter space. To this end, we employ an algebraically viable framework that is based upon the valence-quark generalized parton distribution expressed explicitly in terms of the associated distribution function and a profile function that governs the off-forward dynamics. The predominantly analytical nature of this scheme yields several algebraic results and relations while also facilitating the exploration of insightful limiting cases. With a suitable input distribution function, guided either by experiment or theory, and with an appropriate choice of the profile function, it is possible to provide testable predictions for spatial distributions of valence quarks inside pseudoscalar mesons. When comparison is possible, these predictions align well with existing experimental data as well as the findings of reliable theoretical approaches and lattice QCD.
Novel sustainable, smart, and multifunctional 4D-printed nanocomposites with reprocessing and shape memory capabilities
Authors: Cortés A , González-Jiménez A , Gutiérrez J , Jiménez-Suárez A , Prolongo S G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The present paper explores the development of novel reprocessable nanocomposites with enhanced shape memory (SM) capability by Digital Light Processing 3D printing technology. A Covalent Adaptable Network was developed through a solvent-free strategy, based on polyurethane containing Diels Alder bonds, reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The CNT addition allows for obtaining electrically conductive nanocomposites (up to 1.2 ± 0.7·10−1 S m−1). This enables Joule heating capability (average temperature over 100 °C by applying 100 V to the 0.3 wt.%CNT reinforced specimens), which was used as a heating method to trigger the SM cycle. First, the CNT content and thermal treatment were optimized to enhance the SM capabilities in a conventional oven (shape fixity ratio around 100%). Then, the SM capabilities triggered by Joule heating were characterized. Here, the optimized nanocomposites showed excellent shape fixity and recovery ratios (both above 95%). This heating method was proven to be low energy-consuming (approximately 1 W compared to around 750 W for a conventional oven), while also allowing for a fast, remote, and selective activation, which was demonstrated with a hand-like proof-of-concept by selectively recovering the permanent shape of each finger individually. On the other hand, the dynamic covalent bonds enable reprocessability. Here, the 3D-printed specimens were turned into powder and reprocessed using a powder processing tool to manufacture samples with a different geometry which were still electrically conductive, given the DA adduct formations. Results prove the multifunctional and smart capabilities of the developed nanocomposites, which make them suitable for applications such as soft robotics or actuators with an extended useful life, thus promoting sustainability.
An ultraviolet Raman spectral library of 21 organic compounds and 41 minerals for planetary exploration on Mars
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Wang Ziyuan , Shi Erbin , Ling Zongcheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Searching for life on Mars can help us understand the origins and evolution of life, and it has always been a primary scientific goal of Mars exploration missions by different countries. Raman spectroscopy has numerous advantages in detecting different materials, such as gathering chemical composition and crystal structure, specifically, ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy which is especially suitable for identifying organic compounds has been deployed on Mars. In this study, an independent UV Raman spectroscopy system is built to explore the potential of ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy in planetary exploration and astrobiology. Based on this system, a ground-based Raman reference library was established, including 41 minerals and 21 organic compounds related to Martian biosignatures. The results indicate that the self-built UV Raman system can identify significant characteristic peaks in different materials that would provide valuable and good references for identifying organics on Mars.
Black hole tunneling in loop quantum gravity
Authors: Tan Hongwei , Guo Rong-Zhen , Zhang Jing-Yi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the Hawking radiation of the quantum Oppenheimer Snyde black hole with the tunneling scheme by Parikh and Wilczek. We calculate the emission rate&#xD;of massless scalar particles. Compared to the traditional results within the framework of General&#xD;Relativity, our findings include quantum correction terms arising from loop quantum gravity effects.&#xD;Following the approach in [1, 2], we establish the entropy of the black hole. This entropy includes&#xD;a logarithmic correction, which arises from quantum gravity effects. Our result is consistent with&#xD;the well-known result in the context of quantum gravity.
Multi-functional code for hydrogen isotopes transport analyses: verification & validation against fusion-relevant applications
Authors: Hattab F. , Narcisi V. , Ciurluini C. , Trotta A. , Santucci A. , Giannetti F. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The management of hydrogen isotopes within a fusion reactor remains a key design issue, with many constraints concerning tritium. The fusion power plant should be self-sufficient with respect to its fuel, while the contamination of components and the releases outside the primary system should be limited. There is a need for versatile numerical tools to assess tritium inventories and losses, which will support the design of components relevant to tritium management and inform mitigation strategies. This work presents the development, verification and validation of the System-level Application for Engineering Tritium Transport Analysis (SAETTA). SAETTA is a modular, system-level code designed with flexibility in mind. It is capable of simulating thin membranes as well as large systems with several components and connections. The program is built using Python, with a one-dimensional approach to simulate the transport of hydrogen isotopes in fluid and solid systems. Various factors influencing the transport of hydrogen isotopes are addressed, such as chemical reactions, mass transfer in the fluid, surface effects, permeation, trapping, leakage and decay. SAETTA methodology and implementation strategy are thoroughly outlined. In addition, a comprehensive verification and validation campaign has been specifically designed and performed to demonstrate the code capabilities in a wide range of fusion-related applications.
Phase-space characterization of negative ion beams for fusion
Authors: Poggi Carlo , Pimazzoni Antonio , Sartori Emanuele , Serianni Gianluigi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Multi-grid, multi-aperture accelerators are used in ion sources of neutral beam injectors (NBIs) for fusion. Accelerators are typically optimized by numerical tools, usually taking the e-fold divergence as a valuable global indicator of the single beamlet optics. Nonetheless the velocity distribution of accelerated beamlets often deviates from ideal Gaussian profiles. Therefore an accurate characterization of the beamlets optics is essential, particularly for negative ion sources within the context of developing ITER NBIs, which pose challenging requirements on single beamlet optics. For this purpose, an Allison-type emittance scanner was installed in SPIDER, the prototype radio-frequency ion source of ITER heating neutral beams, and utilized to characterize the vertical phase-space of isolated beamlets. In this paper we present the characterization of the beamlets around perveance-match conditions using the Allison type emittance scanner, showing that the minimum divergence obtained is larger than the design value. The discrepancy is investigated using numerical simulations, which highlight the presence of a non-negligible temperature of the extracted negative ions, and of non Gaussian tails, which cannot be reproduced by a uniform thermal distribution of negative ions.
Conformal invariance of antisymmetric tensor field theories in any even dimension
Authors: Thierry-Mieg Jean , Jarvis Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Using a theorem of Jackiw and Pi expressing the delicate balance of the spin and the orbital momentum, we systematically classify the flat-space massless Lagrangian quantum field theories that are invariant under the global conformal group

S
O
(
D
,
2
)

. We recover in a uniform way the facts that scalars and spinors are invariant in any dimension, and that gauge

p

-tensors are invariant only in

2
p
+
2

dimensions. This case includes the Maxwell theory in 4 dimensions and the Kalb–Ramond 2-forms theory in 6 dimensions. We then construct two new classes of Lagrangians extending the Avdeev–Chizhov self-dual tensor model to higher dimensions, one class using a symmetric metric and the other a skew metric in internal space. Finally, we prove in the same uniform way that both classes are conformal invariant in any even dimension. In 4 dimensions, these self-dual tensors naturally couple to the chiral Fermions of the standard model.
Finite (quantum) effect algebras
Authors: Gudder Stan , Heinosaari Teiko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigate finite effect algebras and their classification. We show that an effect algebra with n elements has at least n − 2 and at most

(
n
−
1
)
(
n
−
2
)

/

2

nontrivial defined sums. We characterize finite effect algebras with these minimal and maximal number of defined sums. The latter effect algebras are scale effect algebras (i.e. subalgebras of [0,1]), and only those. We prove that there is exactly one scale effect algebra with n elements for every integer

n
⩾
2

. We show that a finite effect algebra is quantum effect algebra (i.e. a subeffect algebra of the standard quantum effect algebra) if and only if it has a finite set of order-determining states. Among effect algebras with 2–6 elements, we identify all quantum effect algebras.
Review of 3D topography stitching and registration algorithms: procedure, error evaluation and mathematical modelling
Authors: Guibert Robin , Robache Frederic , Lemesle Julie , Hanafi Saïd , Brown Christopher A , Bigerelle Maxence 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Surfaces are the privileged places of interaction between physical phenomena and objects. Roughness studies, especially when performing multiscale analysis, are tools of choice to understand physical phenomena and their scales of application. However, profilometers, especially optical systems, must compromise between field of measurement and resolutions. Stitching is an assembling technique aiming to solve this compromise by combining elementary maps, such as images or topographies. Stitching generates high resolution over a large field of measurement maps, which increases the measurable scale range and facilitates the correct identification of physical phenomena at their scales of application. This article proposes a review of 3D topography stitching algorithms. After explanations on the use cases of 3D topography stitching, the stitching procedure from elementary maps acquisition to the obtention of the stitched map is described step-by-step. Secondly, errors in measurement and stitching are presented with the sources of errors and the error evaluation methods. Lastly, the mathematical modelling of 3D topography is detailed to better understand the optimization process used in the in-plane and out-of-plane registration steps of the stitching algorithms. Comparison of algorithms involved in stitching are proposed so that researchers might find the most suitable algorithm to their needs. Overall, this work aims at introducing researchers and metrologists to important multidisciplinary notions for the use and design of 3D topography stitching algorithms and offers a tutorial-based approach.
Enhanced strain transfer and optoelectronic performance in MoS2 devices via Formvar encapsulation
Authors: Vladimirov Simeon N , Çakıroğlu Onur , Munuera Carmen , Castellanos-Gomez Andres , Vasconcelos Thiago L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We systematically investigate the influence of polyvinyl formal (PVFM), commonly known as Formvar, in comparison to polycarbonate (PC) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), as encapsulation materials on the strain performance of MoS2 monolayer and bilayer flakes on flexible polypropylene (PP) substrates. Notably, optical differential reflectance measurements reveal that PVFM and PMMA encapsulation significantly enhances the mechanical and thermal strain gauge factors by approximately 2-fold (up to ∼−50 meV/%) and 6-fold (up to ∼−1.5 meV/°C), respectively, while PC shows a slightly lower enhancement. Moreover, all three polymers increase the maximum achievable strain from approximately 1.4% to 2.3%. Furthermore, devices fabricated on PP substrates exhibit improved optoelectronic performance when encapsulated with PVFM, including increased and faster photocurrent response and extended device lifetime.