bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Efficiency of a Soft Dosage Form for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis: Influence on the Level of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines
Authors: Nogaeva U. V. , Kovanskov V. E. , Ivkin D. Yu. , Flisyuk E. V. , Yakimov K. D. , Yeletskaya E. I. , Semivelichenko E. D. , Antonov V. G. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Osteoarthritis is now considered to be a slowly progressive inflammatory disease that completely affects the joint. An important role in the development of this pathology is played by inflammation of the synovial membrane and ligaments (synovitis), supplemented by constant mechanical stress. Normally, a balance of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory mediators is observed in cartilage, however, under the influence of risk factors, this balance shifts towards the latter.Aim. Evaluation of the effect of a previously developed soft dosage form containing meloxicam, a purine derivative and an immunomodulator M on the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines: IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in osteoarthritis.Materials and methods. The experiment included 25 animals, which were divided into 5 groups by simple randomization: 1 – test (gel 0.5 %), 2 –test (gel 1 %), 3 – reference (Amelotex®, gel 1 %), 4 – control (gel base); 5 – intact. Preclinical modeling of the pathology was carried out by combined injection of 0.1 ml of a mixture of complete Freund's adjuvant with a 10 % suspension of talc in isotonic sodium chloride solution in a ratio of 1 : 10 into the cavity of the hock (tarsal) joint of Brown Norvay Catholic Rats male rats. Enzyme immunoassay of animal blood serum on the 28th day of the experiment was performed using standard ELISA plate kits (Cloud-Clone Corp., USA). Statistical data processing was performed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software (GraphPad Software Inc., USA), differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.Results and discussion. The developed compositions contributed to a decrease in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-6 and TNF-α) compared with the main and reference gel preparation. At the same time, differences were found between the effect observed from the use of the test agents (gel 0.5 %, gel 1 %) and the reference drug in terms of the effect on the level of IL-1α and TNF-α, which indicates a greater effectiveness of the selected combination of active substances, because, unlike the single-component gel Amelotex®, the compositions developed by us additionally included a purine derivative and an immunomodulator M. The data obtained are important from the point of view of understanding the mechanism of action of a soft dosage form.Conclusion. Based on the results of previous and present studies, it is assumed that the combined composition of the soft dosage form with a half (0.5 %) concentration of meloxicam is of greatest interest for clinical practice, since its use at a high level of effectiveness additionally reduces the likelihood of adverse reactions from the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, which is important in the case of long-term therapy of osteoarthritis.
Association between thyroid dysfunction, metabolic disturbances, and clinical symptoms in first-episode, untreated Chinese patients with major depressive disorder: Undirected and Bayesian network analyses
Authors: Peng Pu , Wang Qianjin , Lang Xiao E , Liu Tieqiao , Zhang Xiang-Yang 
Published: February 2023

AimsThyroid dysfunction and metabolic disturbances are common in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients. We aimed to assess the relationship between thyroid dysfunction, metabolic disturbances, and clinical symptoms in Chinese first-episode, drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD patients using undirected and Bayesian network methods.Methods1718 FEDN MDD patients were recruited. Serum levels of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), anti-thyroglobulin (TgAb), thyroid peroxidases antibody (TPOAb), total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and glucose were assessed. Blood pressure and body mass index were measured. Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, and positive subscale of Positive And Negative Syndrome Scales were used to detect clinical symptoms. An undirected network with EBICglasso default and a directed acyclic graph (DAG) using the Bayesian network approach was conducted.ResultsThe prevalence rates of clinical symptoms, thyroid dysfunction, and metabolic dysfunction were as follows: anxiety (n=894, 52%), psychotic symptoms (171, 10%), subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH, n=1041, 61%), abnormal TgAb (n=297, 17%), abnormal TPOAb (n=438, 25%), hyperthyroidism (n=5, 0.3%), hypothyroidism (n=3, 0.2%), hyperglycemia (n=241, 14%), hypertriglyceridemia (n=668, 39%), low HDL-C (n=429, 25%), hypercholesterolemia (421, 25%), abnormal TC (357, 21%), abnormal LDL-C (185, 11%). overweight or obesity (n=1026, 60%), and hypertension (n=92, 5.4%). Both networks demonstrated serum TSH and TC levels and the severity of depression played an important role in the pathophysiology of MDD.ConclusionsMDD patients may have thyroid and metabolic dysfunction in the early stage. Targeting hypercholesterolemia, depressive symptoms, and SCH in MDD patients may hold promise in reducing clinical symptoms, metabolic disturbances, and thyroid dysfunction.
Automatic quality assurance of radiotherapy treatment plans using Bayesian networks: A multi-institutional study
Authors: Kalendralis Petros , Luk Samuel M. H. , Canters Richard , Eyssen Denis , Vaniqui Ana , Wolfs Cecile , Murrer Lars , Elmpt Wouter van , Kalet Alan M. , Dekker Andre , Soest Johan van , Fijten Rianne , Zegers Catharina M. L. , Bermejo Inigo 
Published: February 2023

PurposeArtificial intelligence applications in radiation oncology have been the focus of study in the last decade. The introduction of automated and intelligent solutions for routine clinical tasks, such as treatment planning and quality assurance, has the potential to increase safety and efficiency of radiotherapy. In this work, we present a multi-institutional study across three different institutions internationally on a Bayesian network (BN)-based initial plan review assistive tool that alerts radiotherapy professionals for potential erroneous or suboptimal treatment plans.MethodsClinical data were collected from the oncology information systems in three institutes in Europe (Maastro clinic - 8753 patients treated between 2012 and 2020) and the United States of America (University of Vermont Medical Center [UVMMC] - 2733 patients, University of Washington [UW] - 6180 patients, treated between 2018 and 2021). We trained the BN model to detect potential errors in radiotherapy treatment plans using different combinations of institutional data and performed single-site and cross-site validation with simulated plans with embedded errors. The simulated errors consisted of three different categories: i) patient setup, ii) treatment planning and iii) prescription. We also compared the strategy of using only diagnostic parameters or all variables as evidence for the BN. We evaluated the model performance utilizing the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThe best network performance was observed when the BN model is trained and validated using the dataset in the same center. In particular, the testing and validation using UVMMC data has achieved an AUC of 0.92 with all parameters used as evidence. In cross-validation studies, we observed that the BN model performed better when it was trained and validated in institutes with similar technology and treatment protocols (for instance, when testing on UVMMC data, the model trained on UW data achieved an AUC of 0.84, compared with an AUC of 0.64 for the model trained on Maastro data). Also, combining training data from larger clinics (UW and Maastro clinic) and using it on smaller clinics (UVMMC) leads to satisfactory performance with an AUC of 0.85. Lastly, we found that in general the BN model performed better when all variables are considered as evidence.ConclusionWe have developed and validated a Bayesian network model to assist initial treatment plan review using multi-institutional data with different technology and clinical practices. The model has shown good performance even when trained on data from clinics with divergent profiles, suggesting that the model is able to adapt to different data distributions.
Decomposing Disability Inequality in Unmet Healthcare Needs and Preventable Hospitalizations: An Analysis of the Korea Health Panel
Authors: Kim Sujin , Jeon Boyoung 
Published: February 2023

Objectives: This study examines the inequality between people with and without disabilities regarding unmet healthcare needs and preventable hospitalization.Methods: We used the Korea Health Panel of 2016–2018; the final analytical observations were 43,512, including 6.95% of persons with disabilities. We examined the differences in contributors to the two dependent variables and decomposed the observed differences into explained and unexplained components using the Oaxaca-Blinder approach.Results: Unmet healthcare needs and preventable hospitalizations were 5.6% p (15.36% vs. 9.76%) and 0.68% p (1.82% vs. 0.61%), respectively, higher in people with disabilities than in those without, of which 48% and 35% were due to characteristics that the individual variables cannot explain. Decomposition of the distributional effect showed that sex, age, and chronic disease significantly increased disparities for unmet healthcare needs and preventable hospitalization. Socioeconomic factors such as income level and Medical aid significantly increased the disabled–non-disabled disparities for unmet healthcare needs.Conclusion: Socioeconomic conditions increased the disparities, but around 35%–48% of the disparities in unmet healthcare needs and preventable hospitalization were due to unexplained factors, such as environmental barriers.
Enhanced Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential of Artemisia carvifolia Buch Transformed with rol A Gene
Authors: Khan Amna Naheed , Dilshad Erum 
Published: February 2023

Secondary metabolites have been shown to possess a range of biological functions. Flavonoids, due to their ability to scavenge ROS, are famous antioxidants. The plants of Artemisia species are rich sources of flavonoids; however, the amount of these metabolites is less. In the current study, the flavonoid content was detected and then enhanced by genetically modifying the Artemisia carvifolia Buch with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 carrying rol A gene. The transformation of rol A gene was confirmed with PCR and the gene copy number was confirmed by Southern blot analysis. The HPLC analysis revealed the presence of catechin (3.19 ug/mg DW) and geutisic acid (2.22 ug/mg DW) in transformed plants, unlike wild-type plants. In transformed plants, all detected flavonoids (vanillic acid, rutin, catechine, gallic acid, syringic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, geutisic acid, ferulic acid, and cinnamic acid) were increased up to several folds. Real-time qPCR revealed the higher expression levels of the genes for flavonoid biosynthesis enzymes phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and chalcone synthase (CHS) in plants transformed with rol A genes, as the expression levels were increased up to 9–20-fold and 2–6-fold, respectively. The rol A transgenic lines T3 and T5 carrying two copies of rol A gene, particularly showed higher expression of both PAL and CHS gene, with the highest expression in T3 line. The transgenic lines demonstrated an average increase of 1.4-fold in the total phenolic content and 1–2-fold in the total flavonoid content as compared to wild-type plants. Total antioxidant capacity and total reducing power were increased up to an average of 1–2-fold and 1.5–2-fold respectively, along with increased free radical scavenging ability. Furthermore, the rol A gene transgenics were found to have much greater cytotoxic capacity than the A. carvifolia wild-type plant against the MCF7, HeLA, and HePG2 cancer cell lines. Current findings show that the rol A gene effectively increases the flavonoid content of A. carvifolia Buch, boosting the plant’s capacity as an antioxidant and an anticancer. This is the first-ever report, demonstrating the genetic transformation of Artemisia carvifolia Buch with rol A gene.
Λ and Λ¯ Freeze-Out Distributions and Global Polarizations in Au+Au Collisions
Authors: Tsegelnik Nikita , Kolomeitsev Evgeni , Voronyuk Vadym 
Published: February 2023

The gold–gold collisions at sNN=7.7 and 11.5 GeV are simulated within the PHSD transport model. In each collision event, the spectator nucleons are separated and the fluidization procedure for the participants is performed. The local velocities are determined in the Landau frame and the kinematic and thermal vorticity fields are evaluated. We analyze the thermodynamic properties of the cells where Λs and Λ¯s were born or had their last interaction. Such cells contribute to the formation of the observed global polarization of hyperons induced by the thermal vorticity of the medium. The Λ¯ polarization signal is found to be mainly determined by hot, dense, and highly vortical cells at the earlier stage of the collision, whereas the Λ polarization signal is accumulated over the longer time and includes cells with lower vorticity. The calculated global polarizations for both Λs and Λ¯s agree well with the experimental finding by the STAR collaboration at energy sNN=11.5 GeV. For collisions at sNN=7.7 GeV, we can reproduce the STAR data for Λ hyperons, but significantly underpredict the observed global polarization of Λ¯. Furthermore, we consider the centrality dependence of the hyperon polarization in collisions at 7.7 GeV. It increases with an increase of centrality, reaches a maximum at 65–75% and then starts decreasing rapidly for peripheral collisions.
Dampak Pandemi Covid-19 Terhadap Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Lokal Di Kawasan Pariwisata Desa Cihanjuang Rahayu (Studi Kasus: Daya Tarik Wisata Ciwangun Indah Camp)
Authors: Kamelia Nirma Qurniani , Christianto Jery , Larasita Irma Dela 
Published: February 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic that has occurred throughout the world, including in Indonesia, has had a very significant negative impact on the development of the global and the national tourism sector, this is a consequence of the implementation of travel restrictions in many countries, including in Indonesia, such as large-scale social restrictions policies that the aim is to suppress the spread of COVID-19 during this pandemic. One of the focuses of tourism development developed by the government is tourism villages, but the number of visits to this tourism village is also affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. This research was conducted in Cihanjuang Rahayu Tourism Village, Parongpong District, West Bandung Regency, West Java Province where this village has the potential for developing agro-tourism, culinary tourism, cultural arts and nature tourism. The purpose of this study was to find out how the impact of the covid-19 pandemic on the number of visits and its implications for the economic conditions of the local community. The research method used is a qualitative approach, with primary data collection techniques, namely through field observations and interviews, as well as strengthening secondary data in the form of secondary data analysis. The results of this study are expected to have a positive influence on the management of tourism village in Cihanjuang Rahayu, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic so that tourism activities can continue to be sustainable and provide benefits to the community, especially in efforts to improve the local community's economy.
Keywords: The Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic, Tourism Villages, Economy, Local Communities
Intensi Perilaku Berwisata Alam Masyarakat DKI Jakarta Pasca Vaksinasi Covid-19
Authors: Hakim Imam Nur , Fauziah Eddyono  , Syahfirin Abdullah  
Published: February 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak destruktif yang mengubah sektor pariwisata Indonesia. Salah satu perubahan yang terjadi tampak melalui pergeseran preferensi dan perilaku wisatawan yang beralih ke destinasi wisata alam, terutama pasca vaksinasi Covid-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang mampu memicu munculnya intensi perilaku berwisata alam pasca vaksinasi Covid-19, khususnya pada masyarakat DKI Jakarta sebagai wilayah dengan tingkat infeksi, kesembuhan dan penerima vaksin Covid-19 tertinggi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini secara empiris mengaplikasikan teori perilaku terencana (TPB) terhadap156 responden. Berdasarkan pengolahan data dan uji analisis melalui pendekatan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) ditemukan empat hubungan signifikan serta satu hubungan yang tidak signifikan. Sikap dan norma subjektif secara signifikan memengaruhi intensi perilaku berwisata alam pasca vaksinasi Covid-19. Bahkan norma subjektif secara empiris juga mampu memengaruhi munculnya sikap dan persepsi atas kontrol perilaku berwisata alam tersebut. Namun persepsi atas kontrol perilaku berwisata alam tidak mampu memicu munculnya intensi perilaku berwisata alam masyarakat DKI Jakarta meskipun sudah vaksinasi Covid-19.
A importância da abordagem da temática “gravidez na adolescência” com alunos do ensino fundamental
Authors: De Aguiar Cristiane Tavares , Cabral Simone Mendes , França Maria Celina Sarmento Maracajá , Neves Josehyres Kleber Ferreira 
Published: February 2023

Sabe-se que a escola desempenha um papel importante no esclarecimento de informações acerca da sexualidade; sistema reprodutor humanos feminino e masculino; gravidez na adolescência e métodos contraceptivos e outras abordagens, devendo auxiliar os adolescente nas suas escolhas e proporcionar um conhecimento seguro. Diante dessa problemática o presente trabalho “A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ABORDAGEM DA TEMÁTICA “GRAVIDEZ NA ADOLESCÊNCIA” COM ALUNOS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL”, teve como principal objetivo sensibilizar o alunado sobre a gravidez precoce e indesejada na adolescência e suas consequências. O presente estudo caracteriza-se como um relato de experiência, seguindo os pressupostos de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, analisando a realidade segundo a perspectiva dos sujeitos participantes da pesquisa, sem medir ou utilizar elementos estatísticos para análise dos dados. A pesquisa ocorreu numa Escola Pública Municipal de Ensino Fundamental localizada na cidade de Toritama- PE. O projeto foi desenvolvido num período compreendido em seis encontros correspondente a seis aulas, sendo quatro com aulas teóricas e duas com aulas práticas. Os temas geradores trabalhados foram: sexualidade; sistema reprodutor feminino e masculino; gravidez na adolescência e métodos contraceptivos dando ênfase as consequências do sexo inseguro e de uma gravidez precoce e indesejada. No último encontro da execução do projeto foi realizada uma roda de conversa e registrado os relatos dos alunos com relação a atividade prática desenvolvida por eles. Por meio da pesquisa foi possível observar que a maioria dos alunos gostaram da estratégia adotada , pois, a aula ficou mais interessante e dinâmica , contribuindo para o processo de aprendizagem dos mesmos.
UM ESTUDO DO LIVRO CÁLCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL DE RICHARD COURANT: REFLEXÕES PARA O ENSINO DE CONTEÚDOS DE ANÁLISE REAL
Authors: Mazzutti Lübeck Kelly Roberta , Guapo Pasquini Regina Célia 
Published: February 2023

Apresentamos, neste artigo, um estudo comparativo entre livros comumente adotados na disciplina de análise real, em alguns cursos de formação de professores de matemática, especificamente, com o compêndio Cálculo Diferencial e Integral I, editado no início do século XX, do matemático Richard Courant, com o objetivo de discutir possíveis variações na apresentação dos temas trabalhados nesta disciplina e realizar um estudo sistemático da forma como os conceitos se apresentam. Para isso, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, buscamos na história da análise real os conteúdos que melhor à caracterizam para serem abordados em nosso estudo comparativo. Na sequência, detalhamos aspectos importantes do livro de Courant para, por fim, traçarmos um paralelo entre as obras. Através desta investigação, foi possível apontarmos aspectos desta disciplina que podem ser trabalhados de modo distinto, explorando outras formas interpretativas, com releituras de alguns tópicos, de modo a expandir o olhar para assuntos que se mostraram essenciais para o desenvolvimento, e concepção atual, da própria matemática, conduzindo a implicações pedagógicas em relação ao ensino destes tópicos.
Development and Analysis of a Reconnaissance-Technique Knowledge Graph
Authors: Heverin Thomas , Deitz Elsa , Cohen Eve , Wilkes Jordana 
Published: February 2023

Penetration testing involves the use of many tools and techniques. The first stage of penetration testing involves conducting reconnaissance on a target organization. In the reconnaissance phase, adversaries use tools to find network data, people data, company/organization data, and attack data to generate a risk assessment about a target to determine where initial weaknesses may be. Although a small number of tools can be used to conduct many of reconnaissance tasks, including Shodan, Nmap, Recon-ng, Maltego, Metasploit, Google and more, each tool holds an abundance of specific techniques that can be used. Furthermore, each technique uses unique syntax. For example, Nmap holds over 600 scripts that make up its Nmap Scripting Engine. Depending on the type of device targeted, Nmap scripts can scan for ports, operating systems, IP addresses, hostnames and more. As another example, Maltego operates over 150 transforms or modules that collect data on organizations, files and people.
Understanding which reconnaissance tool, techniques within those tools, and the syntax for each technique represents a highly complex task. MITRE ATT&CK, a widely accepted framework, models tactics and techniques within the tactics to help users make sense of adversarial behaviours. The tactic of reconnaissance is modelled in ATT&CK as well as its techniques. However, the explicit links between reconnaissance techniques are not modelled. Our research focused on the development of an ontology called Recontology to model the domain of reconnaissance. Recontology was then used to form Reconnaissance-Technique Graph (RT-Graph) to model 102 reconnaissance techniques and the directional links between the techniques. We used exploratory data analysis (EDA) methods including a graph spatial-layout algorithm and several graph-statistical algorithms to examine RT-Graph. We also used EDA to find critical techniques within the graph. Patterns across the results are discussed as well as implications for real-world uses of RT-Graph.