bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the endoscopic revision of dacryocystorhinostomy failure cases: a cohort study
Authors: El Bouhmadi Khadija , Loudghiri Myriam , Oukessou Youssef , Rouadi Sami , Abada Redallah , Roubal Mohamed , Mahtar Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
The dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) procedure is linked to a high success rate; however, cases of tearing recurrence are not rare and should be managed efficiently. Thus, evaluating cases of DCR failure allows highlighting the factors significantly impacting the results in order to realize better controlled primary surgeries.

Material and method:
Twenty-eight patients were operated in our Otolaryngology Department for endoscopic revision of DCR failure between January 2019 and June 2022. Their clinical presentation, postoperative evolution, and findings of the primary and revision surgeries were assessed until the actual follow-up.

Results:
The first surgery was based on an external approach in 17 patients and the bicanalicular silicone tube intubation was kept for a mean of 4.25 months. The recurrence delay varied from 0.5 to 9 months. Revision surgery revealed synechia in 10 patients, a completely closed DCR ostium in 22 patients (78.57%) by mucosal scarring and granulation, and lacrimal sac fibrosis in 16 patients (57.14%). A significant correlation was found between maintenance of the silicone intubation tube greater than or equal to 3 months and lacrimal sac fibrosis (P=0.016<0.05).

Conclusion:
Thus, better controlled primary surgeries with optimal exposure, wild marsupialisation of the lacrimal sac and no longer systematic bicanalicular intubation which should be dedicated to difficult anatomies and canalicular affections should guarantee better functional results.
Postoperative delirium in 47 379 individuals undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ochani Sidhant , Adnan Alishba , Siddiqui Amna , Kalwar Asifa , Kukreja Sandhaya , Ahmad Mushtaq , Ashraf Muhammad Hasan , Asghar Mustafa Ali 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
The study aims to discuss the assessment methods used for the incidence of in-hospital postoperative delirium (IHPOD) in transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) patients and explore possible strategies for preventing and reducing postoperative complications in the geriatric population.

Methodology:
An electronic search of PubMed, Embase, BioMedCentral, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted up to August 2021, to identify studies on the IHPOD following TAVR in patients above 70 years. The primary objective of the study was to determine the incidence of delirium following TAVR and procedures like transfemoral (TF) and non-TF approaches. The secondary objectives were to determine the incidence of stroke and incidence according to the confusion assessment method (CAM) diagnostic tool. The authors only included studies published in English and excluded patients with comorbidities and studies with inaccessible full-text.

Results:
Among the selected 42 studies with 47 379 patients, the incidence of IHPOD following TAVR was 10.5% (95% CI: 9.2–11.9%, I
2=95.82%, P<0.001). Incidence based on CAM was 15.6% (95% CI: 10.5–20.7%, I
2=95.36%, P<0.001). The incidence of IHPOD after TF-TAVR was 9.3% (95% CI: 7.6–11.0%, I
2=94.52%, P<0.001), and after non-TF TAVI was 25.3% (95% CI: 15.4–35.1%, I
2=92.45%, P<0.001). The incidence of stroke was 3.7% (95% CI: 2.9–4.5%, I
2=89.76%, P<0.001). Meta-regression analyses between mean age (P=0.146), logistic EuroSCORE (P=0.099), or percentage of participants treated using the TF approach (P=0.276) were nonsignificant while stroke (P=0.010) was significant. When considering these variables, the residual heterogeneity remained high indicating that other variables influence the heterogeneity.

Conclusion:
IHPOD following TAVR was observed in 10.5% of individuals and in 15.6% using CAM. Its incidence was found to be three times higher after non-TF TAVR (25.3%) compared to TF TAVR (9.3%). Stroke showed an incidence of 3.7% after TAVR and was found to be significantly associated with the risk of developing delirium following TAVR. Further studies are needed to evaluate possible causes and risk factors responsible for delirium and to assess the role of anesthesia and cerebral embolic protection in preventing delirium after TAVR.
Delayed awakening and its associated factor following general anesthesia service, 2022: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bayable Samuel D. , Amberbir Wubet D. , Fetene Melaku B. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The time to emerge from anesthesia is affected by patient factors, anesthetic factors, the duration of surgery, and preoperative and intraoperative pain management.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and contributing factors of delayed awakening following general anesthesia.

Method:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2022. After getting ethical approval with the permission number S/C/R 37/01/2022, willing patients participate with written informed consent. Chart reviews in the preoperative and postoperative recovery rooms were used to collect data. Frequency and percentage with cross-tabulation were used to provide the descriptive statistics. To determine the predictive variables that were associated with the outcome variable, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted. The statistical significance was evaluated using P-values of 0.05 for multivariable regression.

Results:
In the current study, a normal emergency occurred in 91.7% of surgical patients receiving general anesthesia, while delayed awakening, emergence with hypoactive, and emergence with delirium occurred in 2.6, 3.9, and 1.8% of cases, respectively. Patients older than 64 years [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 1.33, 95% CI: 0.83–7.191], being diploma anesthesia providers (AOR: 2.38, 95% CI: 2.05–7.15), opioids (AOR: 2.3, 95% CI: 2.20–5.76), surgery lasting longer than 2 h (AOR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.83–6.14), estimated blood loss of more than 1500 ml (AOR: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.62–11.30), crystalloid administration of more than 3000 ml (AOR: 3.12, 95% CI: 2.19–7.32), intraoperative hypotension (AOR: 3.37, 95% CI: 2.93–9.41) and extreme body weight, were significantly linked to delayed awakening after general anesthesia.

Conclusion:
Although delayed emergence is an uncommon condition with a number of contributing causes, it is preventable, and once it has occurred, it presents a challenge for anesthetists.
Polymicrogyria: An Unusual Case of Secondary Mania
Authors: Chacón-González Jacobo , Restrepo-Martínez Miguel , Moreno-Avellán Álvaro , Ramírez-Bermúdez Jesús 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Secondary mania refers to a manic episode that arises during a medical illness other than bipolar disorder or in response to a drug or medication. As the psychopathological features of secondary mania resemble those of mania due to bipolar disorder, misdiagnosis is frequent.

Purpose and Basic Procedures:
We present the case of a 20-year-old woman who developed a manic episode with psychotic symptoms, in whom polymicrogyria, a malformation of the cortical development with abnormal electroencephalographic activity, was documented. After initiating antiepileptic management, the affective symptoms completely subsided.

Main Findings:
To date, no specific recommendations are available concerning when to perform advanced studies in patients with a manic episode; however, as our case shows, these are much needed.

Principal Conclusion:
Because the treatment of secondary conditions largely depends on finding the underlying cause, patients with a new-onset mania should undergo a thorough assessment for secondary causes.
Surgical Knee Denervation for the Treatment of Pain Caused by Primary Osteoarthritis
Authors: Hustedt Joshua W. , Reichenbach Rachel , Merrell Dallin , Watzig Ben , Robainia Joey , Silvestri Brianna 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Denervation techniques have increased in popularity for treatment of primary knee osteoarthritis. However, few clinical trials have been conducted on surgical knee denervation. This study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a surgical denervation technique for the treatment of primary knee osteoarthritis.

Methods:
Patients were included in the trial if they had failed conservative management for osteoarthritis with corticosteroid injections and were not candidates for total knee arthroplasty. Patients were treated with a surgical knee denervation. Preoperative and postoperative scores were assessed to examine the improvement in pain, function, and quality of life.

Results:
Twenty-four knee denervation procedures were performed in 21 patients. The average follow-up time was 21 months, with a minimum follow-up of 12 months. Patients experienced an improvement in pain with a decrease in visual analogue scale pain scores from 8.7 to 2.9, an improvement in function with a decrease in Western Ontario McMaster Arthritis Score scores from 69 to 32, and an improvement in quality of life with an increase in European quality of life index from 0.183 to 0.646. A clinically significant improvement in pain occurred in 92% of patients, whereas 75% of patients had an improvement in function and 83% had an improvement in quality of life.

Conclusions:
The treatment of recalcitrant knee pain in nonarthroplasty candidates is a difficult issue. This trial suggests that a surgical denervation technique provides improvement in pain, function, and quality of life. Surgical denervation may be a beneficial treatment for patients with recalcitrant pain from primary knee osteoarthritis.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
A role for JAK2 in mediating cell surface GHR-PRLR interaction
Authors: Chen Chen , Jiang Jing , Rao Tejeshwar C. , Liu Ying , Marquez Lago Tatiana T. , Frank Stuart J. , Leier André 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGrowth hormone (GH) receptor (GHR) and (full-length) prolactin (PRL) receptor (PRLR) are transmembrane class I cytokine receptors that co-exist in various normal and cancerous cells. Both receptors respond to their associated ligands predominantly by activating the Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways, and both are also known to initiate receptor-specific JAK2-independent signaling. Together with their cognate ligands, these receptors have been associated with pro-tumorigenic effects in various cancers, including breast cancer (BC). Human GH is known to bind GHR and PRLR, while PRL can only bind PRLR. A growing body of work suggests that GHR and PRLR can form heteromers in BC cells, modulating GH signal transduction. However, the dynamics of PRLR and GHR on the plasma membrane and how these could affect their respective signaling still need to be understood.To this end, we set out to unravel the spatiotemporal dynamics of GHR and PRLR on the surface of human T47D breast cancer cells and γ2A-JAK2 cells. We applied direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) and quantified the colocalization and availability of both receptors on the plasma membrane at the nanometer scale at different time points following treatment with GH and PRL. In cells co-expressing GHR and PRLR, we surprisingly observed that not only GH but also PRL treatment induces a significant loss of surface GHR. In cells lacking PRLR or expressing a mutant PRLR deficient in JAK2 binding, we observed that GH induces downregulation of cell surface membrane-bound GHR, but PRL no longer induces loss of surface GHR. Colocalizations of GHR and PRLR were confirmed by proximity ligation (PL) assay.Our results suggest that PRLR-GHR interaction, direct or indirect, is indispensable for PRL- but not GH- induced loss of surface GHR and for both GH-induced and PRL-induced increase of surface PRLR, with potential consequences for downstream signaling. Furthermore, our results suggest that JAK2 binding via the receptor intracellular domain’s Box1 element is crucial for the observed regulation of one class I cytokine receptor’s cell surface availability via ligand-induced activation of another class I cytokine receptor. Our findings shed new light on the reciprocal and collective role that PRLR and GHR play in regulating cell signaling.
Tauopathy severely disrupts homeostatic set-points in emergent neural dynamics but not in the activity of individual neurons
Authors: McGregor James N. , Farris Clayton A. , Ensley Sahara , Schneider Aidan , Wang Chao , Liu Yuqi , Tu Jianhong , Elmore Halla , Ronayne Keenan D. , Wessel Ralf , Dyer Eva L. , Bhaskaran-Nair Kiran , Holtzman David M. , Hengen Keith B. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTThe homeostatic regulation of neuronal activity is essential for robust computation; key set-points, such as firing rate, are actively stabilized to compensate for perturbations. From this perspective, the disruption of brain function central to neurodegenerative disease should reflect impairments of computationally essential set-points. Despite connecting neurodegeneration to functional outcomes, the impact of disease on set-points in neuronal activity is unknown. Here we present a comprehensive, theory-driven investigation of the effects of tau-mediated neurodegeneration on homeostatic set-points in neuronal activity. In a mouse model of tauopathy, we examine 27,000 hours of hippocampal recordings during free behavior throughout disease progression. Contrary to our initial hypothesis that tauopathy would impact set-points in spike rate and variance, we found that cell-level set-points are resilient to even the latest stages of disease. Instead, we find that tauopathy disrupts neuronal activity at the network-level, which we quantify using both pairwise measures of neuron interactions as well as measurement of the network’s nearness tocriticality, an ideal computational regime that is known to be a homeostatic set-point. We find that shifts in network criticality 1) track with symptoms, 2) predict underlying anatomical and molecular pathology, 3) occur in a sleep/wake dependent manner, and 4) can be used to reliably classify an animal’s genotype. Our data suggest that the critical set-point is intact, but that homeostatic machinery is progressively incapable of stabilizing hippocampal networks, particularly during waking. This work illustrates how neurodegenerative processes can impact the computational capacity of neurobiological systems, and suggest an important connection between molecular pathology, circuit function, and animal behavior.
Understanding the heterogeneity of alloreactive natural killer cell function in kidney transplantation
Authors: Ruan Dan Fu , Fribourg Miguel , Yuki Yuko , Park Yeon-Hwa , Martin Maureen , Kelly Geoffrey , Lee Brian , de Real Ronaldo Miguel , Lee Rachel , Geanon Daniel , Kim-Schulze Seunghee , McCarthy Melissa , Chun Nicholas , Cravedi Paolo , Carrington Mary , Heeger Peter S. , Horowitz Amir 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTHuman Natural Killer (NK) cells are heterogeneous lymphocytes regulated by variegated arrays of germline-encoded activating and inhibitory receptors. They acquire the ability to detect polymorphic self-antigen via NKG2A/HLA-E or KIR/HLA-I ligand interactions through an education process. Correlations among HLA/KIR genes, kidney transplantation pathology and outcomes suggest that NK cells participate in allograft injury, but mechanisms linking NK HLA/KIR education to antibody-independent pathological functions remain unclear. We used CyTOF to characterize pre- and post-transplant peripheral blood NK cell phenotypes/functions before and after stimulation with allogeneic donor cells. Unsupervised clustering identified unique NK cell subpopulations present in varying proportions across patients, each of which responded heterogeneously to donor cells based on donor ligand expression patterns. Analyses of pre-transplant blood showed that educated, NKG2A/KIR-expressing NK cells responded greater than non-educated subsets to donor stimulators, and this heightened alloreactivity persisted > 6 months post-transplant despite immunosuppression. In distinct test and validation sets of patients participating in two clinical trials, pre-transplant donor-induced release of NK cell Ksp37, a cytotoxicity mediator, correlated with 2-year and 5-year eGFR. The findings explain previously reported associations between NK cell genotypes and transplant outcomes and suggest that pre-transplant NK cell analysis could function as a risk-assessment biomarker for transplant outcomes.
Low-flux electron diffraction study on the intercellular lipid organization in the human lip stratum corneum
Authors: Kamimoto-Kuroki Junko , Nakazawa Hiromitsu , Ohnari Hiroki , Yamanoi Mutsumi , Naru Eiji , Kato Satoru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVEChapped lips, characterized by drying and cracking, remain a prevalent concern. Identifying the root causes of lip chapping is crucial for developing effective treatments. We examined the lateral packing structure of intercellular lipids (ICL) in the lip stratum corneum (SC) by low-flux electron diffraction (LFED) to obtain new insights into the causes of high transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and low water retention, which may increase the vulnerability of the lip to chapping.METHODSTwenty-one healthy subjects participated in this study. After water content and TEWL measurements, a layer of corneocytes was collected from each lip vermilion surface by the grid-stripping technique. The lateral packing structure of ICL on the collected corneocytes was analyzed by LFED.RESULTSSimilar to skin SC-ICLs, we found coexistence of orthorhombic and hexagonal phases in lip SC-ICLs. We also found that electron diffraction (ED) images with no sharp peaks and a relatively small broad peak at around 2.2 nm−1appeared frequently, unlike skin SC-ICLs. This suggests that a large fraction of corneocytes in the lip SC is surrounded by thin ICL layers in the fluid phase. Such structural features of lip SC-ICLs can explain its inferior barrier function. Furthermore, we calculated the frequency of appearance of ED images with no sharp peaks,Af, and quantitatively analyzed its correlation with water content and TEWL. The analysis showed a negative correlation betweenAfand water content whenAf> 50%.CONCLUSIONThis is the first report on the detailed analysis of lipid organization in lip SC-ICLs. We showed that the LFED method in combination with quasi-noninvasive sample collection by the grid-stripping technique is useful for statistical study of the fine structures in lip SC. We also found that the proportion of ICLs in a fluid phase was much higher in lip SC than in skin SC, which may be related to lower water content and vulnerability of lip to chapping. Our findings provide a promising approach for obtaining clues to the structural factors regulating the water content and TEWL in lip SC, leading to more effective lip care products.
Impact and centrality of scientific disciplines
Authors: Aguilar-Velázquez Daniel , Herrera Rodolfo Romero , Boyer Denis , Ramos-Fernández Gabriel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Scimago Journal Rank (SJR) is a metric that captures the centrality of a journal across an all-discipline article network, while the impact factor (IF) is the average incoming citations of a journal. We analyzed SJRs and IFs of the journals belonging to the SJR first quartile from 2013 to 2020 in 7 disciplines: mathematics, biology, physics, medicine, social sciences, chemistry, and engineering. We show that biology is the most central discipline, followed by physics and chemistry. These three disciplines also present the highest IFs. Mathematics journals display a low IF (the second-lowest among disciplines), but possesses an intermediate centrality. While the average IF has increased over the last years, the SJR average has decreased. Gini coefficients show that SJR is a slightly more egalitarian metric than IF. We discuss some possible origins of these findings.
Non-Pyrogenicity and Biocompatibility of Parylene-Coated Magnetic Bead Implants
Authors: Taylor Cameron R. , Nott Joshua K. , Ratnasena Nilmini H. , Cohen Joel M. , Herr Hugh M. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTWe verify the non-pyrogenicity of magnetic bead implants and submit them to a full chemical characterization and toxicological risk assessment. Further, we validate the cleaning efficacy, steam sterilization, and dry time of a magnetic bead insertion device. We believe these results to be valuable to further scientific progress in the use of magnetic bead implants for human-machine interfacing.
Mechanistic modeling of amyloid oligomer and protofibril formation
Authors: Yuzu Keisuke , Imamura Hiroshi , Nozaki Takuro , Fujii Yuki , Mohamed Badawy Shaymaa Mohamed , Morishima Ken , Okuda Aya , Inoue Rintaro , Sugiyama Masaaki , Chatani Eri 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEarly phase of amyloid formation, where prefibrillar aggregates such as oligomers and protofibrils are often observed, is crucial for elucidating pathogenesis. However, since oligomers and protofibrils form transiently and heterogeneously, the detailed mechanisms of their formation remain unclear. Here, we have investigated the early aggregation process of bovine and human insulin by static and dynamic light scattering in combination with thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The time dependence of light scattering has revealed that oligomers and protofibrils form in bovine insulin, in contrast to no significant aggregation in human insulin. By focusing on bovine insulin for kinetic analysis, it has been revealed that the protofibril formation process was divided into two steps with reference to fractal dimension. When modeled the experimental data of static and dynamic light scattering based on the Smoluchowski aggregation kinetics with fractal aggregation and end-to-end association, we found the initial formation of spherical oligomers and their subsequent uniaxial docking. Furthermore, the analysis of temperature and salt concentration dependence revealed that the end-to-end association is the rate-limiting step, where structure organization occurred with dehydration. The established model for protofibril formation where oligomers are incorporated as a precursor provides insight into the molecular mechanism how protein molecules assemble during the early stage of amyloid formation.SignificanceAmyloid oligomers and protofibrils have attracted attention as critical causes of neurodegenerative diseases; however, detailed formation processes of these aggregates have been poorly understood. In this study, we established a mechanistic model of oligomer and protofibril formation of bovine insulin based on Smoluchowski aggregation kinetics in terms of static and dynamic light scattering. It has been demonstrated that early aggregation proceeds by initial fractal-like aggregation to form oligomers, and subsequent their end-to-end docking to form protofibrils. The latter step is a rate-limiting step, where structural organization occurs with dehydration. The established model is expected to broadly applicable to a variety of proteins, and thus will provides valuable insights for accelerating therapeutic development and anti-neurodegenerative drug design.