bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The dyadic self‐care experience of stroke survivors and their caregivers: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Wang Wenna , Pucciarelli Gianluca , Mei Yongxia , Zhang Zhenxiang , Vellone Ercole 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPromoting self‐care is the core response strategy of the global health system to the burden of stroke. Although self‐care in stroke represents a dyadic phenomenon, the dyadic self‐care experience of stroke survivors and their caregivers is often overlooked in clinical practice.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the dyadic self‐care experience of stroke survivors and their caregivers.DesignA descriptive qualitative design was used to conduct the study.ResultsThe Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research was used for study reporting. A total of 21 stroke survivor–caregiver dyads were recruited for this study between May 2022 and September 2022. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. In this study, four themes were identified: (1) poor relationship quality of the dyads, (2) dyadic incongruence in managing stroke, (3) a slow and tiring dyadic self‐care process and (4) happy cooperation in coping with dyadic self‐care.Discussion and ConclusionHealthcare professionals should give greater consideration to the contradictions and disparities that may arise between stroke survivors and caregivers during the self‐care process. It is crucial for them to provide personalized and tailored support and interventions that can assist these individuals in achieving a more optimal balance in their dyadic self‐care.Patient/Public ContributionPatients were involved in the formulation of interview questions for this study. No members of the public were involved in this study.
Dual function of the transcription factor Ftz‐f1 on oviposition in the cockroach Blattella germanica
Authors: Alborzi Zeynab , Piulachs Maria‐Dolors 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe transcription factor Ftz‐f1 has multiple functions in insect development in a spatial‐temporal line. One of these roles is in the insect ovaries, specifically in the regulation of steroidogenic enzymes production. We studied the function of F in Blattella germanica oogenesis, as it shows two moments of high expression in ovaries: before the imaginal moult, and just before ovulation in the adult. Injecting dsftz‐f1 into adult females, either just after the imaginal moult or just prior to choriogenesis, prevented oviposition, with differences between the two approaches. In 3‐day‐old adult females treated with dsftz‐f1 just after the emergence, the expression of ftz‐f1 was not modified, but the steroidogenic genes increased their expression. ftz‐f1 transcript levels in the ovaries of 5‐day‐old dsftz‐f1‐treated females were significantly depleted, and the expression levels of the same steroidogenic genes began to decrease. These results suggest that Ftz‐f1 regulates the expression of steroidogenic genes in B. germanica, with phm possibly being a key target. Ftz‐f1 has a different temporal function in the cytoskeleton of follicular cells of the basal ovarian follicles. Early in the gonadotrophic cycle, Ftz‐f1 promotes the expression of genes related to the cytoskeleton and muscle proteins, while at the end of the cycle it maintains the expression levels of these genes, thus ensuring correct ovulation.
A stable isotope analysis of the dietary patterns of the aquatic apex predator, the African tigerfish (Hydrocynus vittatus)
Authors: Gerber Ruan , de Necker Lizaan , van Vuren Johan H. J. , Ikenaka Yoshinori , Nakayama Shouta M. M. , Ishizuka Mayumi , Wepener Victor , Smit Nico J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStable isotope analyses, specifically δ13C and δ15N, are useful tools increasingly used to understand ecosystem function, food web structures, and consumer diets. Although the iconic tigerfish Hydrocynus vittatus is regarded as an apex predator in southern African freshwater systems, little information is available regarding their feeding behavior and how this may change with growth or differ between ecosystems, with most information stemming from stomach content analyses (SCA). The aim of the present study was to address this lack of information through a baseline study of the diet of large and small tigerfish in various lentic and lotic ecosystems in South Africa using stable isotope methods. Fish and various food web components and food sources were collected from two river and two lake ecosystems in South Africa. The δ13C and δ15N values for all samples were determined and multivariate analyses and Bayesian analytical techniques applied to determine the feeding ecology of H. vittatus and how this may differ with size and habitat type. Analyses revealed a substantial difference in the type and abundance of food sources contributing to the diet of H. vittatus between ecosystems, most prominently between the lotic systems, where less dietary specialization was observed, and lentic systems where more specialization was observed. Furthermore, there was a distinct difference in diet between small and large tigerfish, especially in the lotic system, indicating an ontogenetic diet shift as tigerfish grow and further supporting previous SCA studies. This is the first study of its kind on the African continent for H. vittatus and the findings illustrate the value of stable isotope analysis in providing in‐depth information into the feeding ecology of consumers and how this may differ between size classes and habitat types.
OnGuard3e: A predictive, ecophysiology‐ready tool for gas exchange and photosynthesis research
Authors: Nguyen Thanh‐Hao , Silva‐Alvim Fernanda A. L. , Hills Adrian , Blatt Michael R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGas exchange across the stomatal pores of leaves is a focal point in studies of plant‐environmental relations. Stomata regulate atmospheric exchange with the inner air spaces of the leaf. They open to allow CO2 entry for photosynthesis and close to minimize water loss. Models that focus on the phenomenology of stomatal conductance generally omit the mechanics of the guard cells that regulate the pore aperture. The OnGuard platform fills this gap and offers a truly mechanistic approach with which to analyse stomatal gas exchange, whole‐plant carbon assimilation and water‐use efficiency. Previously, OnGuard required specialist knowledge of membrane transport, signalling and metabolism. Here we introduce OnGuard3e, a software package accessible to ecophysiologists and membrane biologists alike. We provide a brief guide to its use and illustrate how the package can be applied to explore and analyse stomatal conductance, assimilation and water use efficiencies, addressing a range of experimental questions with truly predictive outputs.
The Rule of Law, Comprehensive Doctrines, Overlapping Consensus, and the Future of Europe
Authors: Avbelj Matej 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFor more than a decade now a profound rule‐of‐law crisis has gripped the European Union, and while the fight for the rule of law has topped not only the academic but also the judicial and political agenda, the results have been disappointingly meagre. This article argues that the main reason for that should be sought in a political strategic move of justifying the assaults on the rule of law by resorting to an “illiberal democracy.” This premeditated political narrative shift has unleashed onto the political sphere and onto public discourse at large comprehensive doctrines which had hitherto been left dormant thanks to an overlapping consensus on the rule of law as a central building block of the political conception of justice à la Rawls. Once this overlapping consensus was broken, the rule of law itself lost its neutral character as a referee on the right among the many conceptions of the good, itself becoming part of the highly politicized power play for dominance among irreconcilable—liberal and illiberal—comprehensive doctrines. The overlapping consensus in the EU is thus broken, but there are no conceptual reasons inherent to the rule of law itself for which it could not be rebuilt in the future.
Benchmark dose modeling for epidemiological dose–response assessment using prospective cohort studies
Authors: De Pretis Francesco , Zhou Yun , Xun Pengcheng , Shao Kan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBenchmark dose (BMD) methodology has been employed as a default dose–response modeling approach to determine the toxicity value of chemicals to support regulatory chemical risk assessment. Especially, a relatively standardized BMD analysis framework has been established for modeling toxicological data regarding the formats of input data, dose–response models, definitions of benchmark response, and model uncertainty consideration. However, the BMD approach has not been well developed for epidemiological data mainly because of the diverse designs of epidemiological studies and various formats of data reported in the literature. Although most of the epidemiological BMD analyses were developed to solve a particular question, the methods proposed in two recent studies are able to handle cohort and case–control studies using summary data with consideration of adjustments for confounders. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigate and compare the “effective count”‐based BMD modeling approach and adjusted relative risk (RR)‐based BMD analysis approach to identify an appropriate BMD modeling framework that can be generalized for analyzing published data of prospective cohort studies for BMD analysis. The two methods were applied to the same set of studies that investigated the association between bladder and lung cancer and inorganic arsenic exposure for BMD estimation. The results suggest that estimated BMDs and BMDLs are relatively consistent; however, with the consideration of established common practice in BMD analysis, modeling adjusted RR values as continuous data for BMD estimation is a more generalizable approach harmonized with the BMD approach using toxicological data.
“Spilling the tea” on generation Z social media use and body image
Authors: Kiefner‐Burmeister Allison , Domoff Sarah , Waltz Hayley , Jacobs Alli , Ramirez Clarissa , Heilman Claire C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOver ninety percent of American teens and the majority of children have smartphones. As access to social media increases so does the growing concern for the psychological well‐being of today's youth. The current cross‐sectional study examined the media use, appearance pressure, and body image of 150 Midwestern American Generation Z (born in 1997–2012) youth. This study assessed media use by child‐report, parent‐report, and by gathering data directly from the child's smartphone. Results demonstrated that media use was higher in teens than children, but did not suggest strong gender differences. The data also showed the inconsistencies present in media use reporting, with parents overestimating the amount of time their children spend on phones. Media use was found to be unrelated to body image. Media pressure and social media integration into participants’ social routines were intercorrelated and higher in the older age groups than the younger ones. Media pressure and media use was found to be less gendered than expected, but greatly shifted with age. Time spent on social media may be less influential on body image than the content of the media being consumed.
Thromboelastographic results and hypercoagulability in dogs with surgically treated hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma: A Veterinary Society of Surgical Oncology prospective study
Authors: Fontes Gabrielle S. , Wavreille Vincent A. , Lapsley Janis M. , Cooper Edward S. , Guillaumin Julien , Selmic Laura E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe most common haemostatic abnormality in dogs with cancer is hypercoagulability. A transient hypercoagulability has been documented in people with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that resolves within weeks following hepatic tumour resection.ObjectiveThe objective was to compare the haemostatic status of dogs with liver tumours and healthy control dogs, by comparing coagulation and thromboelastography (TEG) measurements at three time points.MethodsLiver tumour and healthy control dogs receiving surgery for liver lobectomy and ovariohysterectomy, respectively, were prospectively enrolled. All dogs had blood collected at three time points: pre‐operative, 24 h post‐operative and ~2 weeks post‐operative. Haematological and haemostatic values were compared across time points in each group using repeated measures ANOVA tests.ResultsTen and eight dogs were enrolled for the liver and control groups, respectively. Platelet count was significantly higher in the liver group than the control group at all time points, but within the normal range (pre‐operative: 438.7 vs. 300.9 × 109/L, p = .0078; 24 h post‐operative: 416.2 vs. 283.9 × 109/L, p = .0123; 10–14 days post‐operative: 524.6 vs. 317.3 × 109/L, p = .0072). The measure of the overall coagulant state (G‐value) was significantly increased for the liver group compared to the control group at all time points (pre‐operative: 15.6 vs. 8.6 d/sc, p = .0003; 24 h post‐operative: 18.3 vs. 11.2 d/sc, p = .039; 10–14 days post‐operative: 15.1 vs. 9.6 d/sc, p = .015).ConclusionThe liver group was hypercoagulable based on elevated G‐values at all time points compared to the control group. This hypercoagulability was attributed to the effect of hepatic tumours alone, and not secondary to surgery and anaesthesia.
Hydrodynamics of a Multisized Particle Mixture in Shallow Fluidized Bed With Immersed Tubes
Authors: Zheng Nan , Liu Huang , Huang Long , Fang Jiabin , Wei Jinjia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Inert solid particles have made the integration of more efficient power cycles with super high operating temperatures into the concentrated solar power (CSP) station feasible. Fluidized bed heat exchangers with feature of high heat transfer coefficient have great application potential in the particle-based CSP. However, the parasitic loads of the additional fluidizing gas loop and the finely sieved monosized particles may deteriorate the economic efficiency of the integrated system. In order to cope with this problem, a conceptual design of a shallow fluidized bed (SFB) heat exchanger is proposed for the new generation CSP technology. Fluidization characteristics of bauxite particles with a nonuniform particle size distribution in SFB with immersed tubes are investigated with a combination of experimental measurements and computational fluid dynamics simulations. Results show that the static bed height and opening area ratio of the distributor has insignificant influence on the range of semifluidized region and the minimum fluidization velocity Umf. The standard deviation of bed pressure drop σ in the grid region can be used as an alternative criterion for identifying the fluidization state. A range of superficial velocity that distinguishes two different solid circulation patterns exists, with its boundary values being four times and eight times the Umf, respectively. The immersed tubes can inhibit the asymmetric particle circulation patterns from developing in the SFB, but cause a substantial increase in the σ within the grid region.
Concurrent Engineering and the Virtual Factory: Developing Products With Supply Chains
Authors: Shina Sammy G. , Saigal Anil 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Several recent developments have led to significant changes in the way new products are developed. The emphasis on core competency has resulted in having many companies discard their manufacturing capability, and hence becoming dependent on outside manufacturing suppliers. At the same time, the cost of acquiring expensive modern manufacturing equipment has become prohibitive, and the pace of new manufacturing technology has quickened, making companies reluctant to invest in their manufacturing plants lest they become obsolete in a short time. In addition, the advent of global competition for quality and cost has increased the need for new product design teams to incorporate early manufacturing feedback into the design of the products. The confluence of these issues have led to a set of unique problems and trends in modern industry. Manufacturing has become a worldwide commodity through the growth of contract manufacturing companies, which supply product companies with manufacturing expertise and capability. The companies’ relationships with product design teams is much more formal and subject to a contractual bidding process, without the benefits of detailed designs that can be bid on.
This paper addresses the conflicting issues raised above by identifying the changes required to the traditional methods of new product development and proposing a set of tools and metrics to address issues of manufacturing supplier selection, communications, cost, quality and capability in the new product development cycle. Methodologies and tools discussed in this paper include the modification of the product development process to include the contractors’ role in the timely execution of the project plans, the necessary identification of cost and quality for each manufacturing technology as well as volume level, and the clear understanding of the tradeoffs involved in the design and manufacturing process selection. In addition, the paper explores the issues of reduced manufacturing expertise within the parent company. As manufacturing becomes a world wide commodity, a good understanding of these issues is very important to the future survival of the manufacturing contracting enterprise. Contract manufacturers need to balance their investments in maintaining the technological edge in the manufacturing process, successfully bidding on their customers new products and clearly identifying their capabilities and levels of capacity, costs and quality without the risk of exposing their future strategy.
Using Near-Misses From Feature Recognition to Generate Redesign Suggestions for Increased Manufacturability
Authors: Hayes Caroline C. , Gaines Daniel M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a method for generating design alternatives aimed at making a mechanical part more manufacturable. The method is intended to be used in the context of a human-computer collaboration in which the computer suggests design alternatives and the designer decides which alternatives effectively meet his or her overall design goals. The mechanism presented in this work for producing design alternatives uses “near-misses” generated during the feature extraction process. Most approaches to suggestion generation produce design alternatives through use of library of alternatives. However, this is not a very general or flexible approach. The approach proposed in this paper offers a more general method that can replace the library method. Advantages include a more general mechanism for generating design alternatives, and generation of a broader variety of more contextually appropriate alternatives.
Estimating Coulomb and Viscous Friction From Free-Vibration Decrements
Authors: Liang J. W. , Feeny B. F. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study introduces an algorithm for the simultaneous estimation of Coulomb and viscous damping effects from free-vibration decrements in a damped linear single degree-of-freedom (DOF) mass-spring system. Numerical and experimental estimations are included. The algorithm complements existing ideas for the estimation of either viscous or Coulomb as the sole damping source in a system. Analysis shows that both damping effects can indeed be separated. Numerical study of a combined-damping system demonstrates a perfect match between the simulation parameters and the estimated values. Experimental study includes two types of real systems. Experimental results illustrate the reliability of this method. An analysis provides conservative bounds on different estimations errors.
Heat Transfer Coefficients in Bubbly and Slug Flows Under Microgravity Conditions
Authors: Rezkallah Kamiel S. , Rite Raymond W. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Experimental local heat transfer data were collected onboard NASA’s KC-135 reduced gravity aircraft for two-phase, air-water flow in vertical, upward, co-current flow through a 9.53 mm circular tube. It was found that in the bubbly and slug flow regimes (surface tension dominated regimes), reduced gravity has a tendency to lower the heat transfer coefficient by up to 50% at the lowest gas qualities. As the gas quality is increased (transition to annular flow), the difference between the 1-g and μ-g heat transfer coefficients is much less significant. Empirical correlations were developed in terms of the pertinent dimensionless groups; namely the superficial liquid Reynolds number, the Froude number, the Graetz number and the Morton number. The correlations predicted the experimental data within 10–25%, depending on the flow regime and the superficial gas Weber number.
Numerical Simulations of Phase Change in Microgravity
Authors: Juric Damir , Tryggvason Grétar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Direct numerical simulations of liquid-solid and liquid-vapor phase change are conducted under microgravity conditions. The time-dependent governing equations are solved using a two-dimensional finite-difference/front-tracking method. Large interface deformations, topology change, latent heat, surface tension and unequal material properties between the phases are included in the simulations. Results are presented for two specific problems: directional solidification of a dilute binary alloy and the rapid evaporation of a superheated liquid (vapor explosion). For the directional solidification problem, solution of the fully coupled solute and energy equations reveals the evolution of morphologically complex structures such as tip splitting, coarsening and droplet detachment from deep intercellular grooves. A variety of important solute segregation patterns such as necking, coring and banding are also observed. The boiling problem couples the phase change with fluid flow. This requires the solution of the Navier-Stokes and energy equations with interphase mass transfer. The energetic growth of instabilities on planar and circular interfaces during the unstable explosive evaporation of a superheated liquid in microgravity is demonstrated.
Simulation of Temperature Profiles at the Superfluid to Normal-Fluid Interface in Helium-4 for Prediction of Temperature Measurement Accuracy
Authors: Hensinger David M. , Duncan Robert V. , Gianoulakis Stephen E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this work was to model the conditions in a test cell containing normal-fluid and superfluid helium-4 and to predict the accuracy of temperature measurements made on this system in the presence of non-ideal wall materials and probe geometries. A thermal model of helium-4 in the vicinity of its normal-fluid to superfluid transition temperature was used to calculate the temperature profiles within a helium-4 filled experimental test cell. Calculated temperature profiles were used to predict the temperature measurement accuracy which could be expected from a test cell and temperature probe design. The superfluid phase of helium-4 was represented as a highly-conductive, diffusive material to approximate a superconductor of heat. The thermal model included the influences of temperature, heat flux, and hydrostatic pressure on the properties of helium-4. The model was solved for quasi-static temperature profiles using a finite element method and employing a transformed and expanded temperature scale to allow resolution of nK/cm temperature gradients in the presence of a 2 K absolute temperature.