bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of productive performance and fattening efficiency of commercial pigs in China for two consecutive years
Authors: Guan Ran , Wu Junqiang , Wang Yunzhou , Cai Qian , Li Xiaowen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study: (1) propose an evaluation indicator of the fattening efficiency of commercial pigs (Yorkshire × Landrace × Duroc)—fattening efficiency index (FEI). (2) Analyze the correlation to find the main productive factors affecting the FEI. (3) Compare and analyze the yearly/monthly/different piglets’ sources of productive performance in 2020 and 2021. The data included 2592 commercial pig batches in 2020 and 3266 in 2021, with a total of 6,134,234 commercial pigs. Descriptive statistics and difference analysis were carried out on 16 productive factors of a whole year and single/multiple sources for two consecutive years. The same period difference between the monthly data and the annual average were also analyzed. The top six productive factors correlated with FEI were average daily gain (ADG) (0.8080), feed conversion rate (FCR) (− 0.7203), survival rate (SR) (0.6968), number of deaths (− 0.4103), feeding days (− 0.3748) and body weight (BW) of marketing pigs (0.3369). The overall productive performance in 2021 was lower than that in 2020, which was reflected in more piglet sources and a lower BW of piglets, more deaths, a lower SR, longer feeding days, a lower ADG, a higher FCR and a lower FEI. The productive performance of a single source was better than that of multiple ones. The contrastive results of monthly data in 2020 and 2021 showed significant differences in most factors except for the number of marketing pigs, the number of piglets and feed consumption. The monthly trend of 15 factors for two consecutive years revealed similar trends only in the month of piglets purchasing, number of piglets sources, number of deaths and ADG. Compared with the annual average, the ADG significantly increased in May. The FEI of multiple sources was markedly lower than that of a single source. FEI may be suitable for evaluating the fattening efficiency of commercial pigs. The annual and monthly productive performance and fattening efficiency in 2021 were significantly lower than those in 2020. Single source was represented better productive performance and fattening efficiency than multiple ones.
Ontologizing health systems data at scale: making translational discovery a reality
Authors: Callahan Tiffany J. , Stefanski Adrianne L. , Wyrwa Jordan M. , Zeng Chenjie , Ostropolets Anna , Banda Juan M. , Baumgartner William A. , Boyce Richard D. , Casiraghi Elena , Coleman Ben D. , Collins Janine H. , Deakyne Davies Sara J. , Feinstein James A. , Lin Asiyah Y. , Martin Blake , Matentzoglu Nicolas A. , Meeker Daniella , Reese Justin , Sinclair Jessica , Taneja Sanya B. , Trinkley Katy E. , Vasilevsky Nicole A. , Williams Andrew E. , Zhang Xingmin A. , Denny Joshua C. , Ryan Patrick B. , Hripcsak George , Bennett Tellen D. , Haendel Melissa A. , Robinson Peter N. , Hunter Lawrence E. , Kahn Michael G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCommon data models solve many challenges of standardizing electronic health record (EHR) data but are unable to semantically integrate all of the resources needed for deep phenotyping. Open Biological and Biomedical Ontology (OBO) Foundry ontologies provide computable representations of biological knowledge and enable the integration of heterogeneous data. However, mapping EHR data to OBO ontologies requires significant manual curation and domain expertise. We introduce OMOP2OBO, an algorithm for mapping Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) vocabularies to OBO ontologies. Using OMOP2OBO, we produced mappings for 92,367 conditions, 8611 drug ingredients, and 10,673 measurement results, which covered 68–99% of concepts used in clinical practice when examined across 24 hospitals. When used to phenotype rare disease patients, the mappings helped systematically identify undiagnosed patients who might benefit from genetic testing. By aligning OMOP vocabularies to OBO ontologies our algorithm presents new opportunities to advance EHR-based deep phenotyping.
Predicting 3D soft tissue dynamics from 2D imaging using physics informed neural networks
Authors: Movahhedi Mohammadreza , Liu Xin-Yang , Geng Biao , Elemans Coen , Xue Qian , Wang Jian-Xun , Zheng Xudong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTissue dynamics play critical roles in many physiological functions and provide important metrics for clinical diagnosis. Capturing real-time high-resolution 3D images of tissue dynamics, however, remains a challenge. This study presents a hybrid physics-informed neural network algorithm that infers 3D flow-induced tissue dynamics and other physical quantities from sparse 2D images. The algorithm combines a recurrent neural network model of soft tissue with a differentiable fluid solver, leveraging prior knowledge in solid mechanics to project the governing equation on a discrete eigen space. The algorithm uses a Long-short-term memory-based recurrent encoder-decoder connected with a fully connected neural network to capture the temporal dependence of flow-structure-interaction. The effectiveness and merit of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on synthetic data from a canine vocal fold model and experimental data from excised pigeon syringes. The results showed that the algorithm accurately reconstructs 3D vocal dynamics, aerodynamics, and acoustics from sparse 2D vibration profiles.
The drivers of plant community composition have shifted from external to internal processes over the past 20,000 years
Authors: Doncaster C. Patrick , Edwards Mary E. , Clarke Charlotte L. , Alsos Inger Greve 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInternal and external factors regulating the past composition of plant communities are difficult to identify in palaeo-vegetation records. Here, we develop an index of relative entropy of community assembly, which applies to changes in the composition of a community over time, measuring disorder in its assembly relative to disassembly. Historical periods of relatively ordered assembly (negative index values) are characteristic of a community undergoing endogenous self-organisation, in contrast to relatively disordered assembly (positive values) characterising periods of exogenous abiotic forcing. We quantified the relative entropy index for a 22,000-year time-series of tundra vegetation obtained in the Polar Urals, based on sedimentary DNA. We find it most positive during the Late Pleistocene characterized by persistent taxa, and most negative during the post-glacial Holocene characterized by more ephemeral floras. Changes in relative entropy coincide with changes in regional temperature as reconstructed from stable oxygen composition of an Arctic ice-core. Our results suggest that temperature strongly influenced community assembly in the Polar Urals until about 9000 years before present, after which endogenous community self-organization prevailed through to the present. We conclude that time-series of community composition can reveal changes in the balance between internal and external influences on taxonomic turnover and resulting diversity.
Autumn canopy senescence has slowed down with global warming since the 1980s in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Zhang Yichen , Hong Songbai , Liu Qiang , Huntingford Chris , Peñuelas Josep , Rossi Sergio , Myneni Ranga B. , Piao Shilong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClimate change strongly impact vegetation phenology, with considerable potential to alter land-atmosphere carbon dioxide exchange and terrestrial carbon cycle. In contrast to well-studied spring leaf-out, the timing and magnitude of autumn senescence remains poorly understood. Here, we use monthly decreases in Normalized Difference Vegetation Index satellite retrievals and their trends to surrogate the speed of autumn senescence during 1982–2018 in the Northern Hemisphere (>30°N). We find that climate warming accelerated senescence in July, but this influence usually reversed in later summer and early autumn. Interestingly, summer greening causes canopy senescence to appear later compared to an advancing trend after eliminating the greening effect. This finding suggests that summer canopy greening may counteract the intrinsic changes in autumnal leaf senescence. Our analysis of autumn vegetation behavior provides reliable guidance for developing and parameterizing land surface models that contain an interactive dynamic vegetation module for placement in coupled Earth System Models.
Neural network based prediction of the efficacy of ball milling to separate cable waste materials
Authors: Lu Jiaqi , Han Mengqi , Kumagai Shogo , Li Guanghui , Yoshioka Toshiaki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMaterial recycling technologies are essential for achieving a circular economy while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, most of them remain in laboratory development. Machine learning (ML) can promote industrial application while maximising yield and environmental performance. Herein, an asynchronous-parallel recurrent neural network was developed to predict the dynamic behaviour when separating copper and poly(vinyl chloride) components from the cable waste. The model was trained with six datasets (treatment conditions) at 3600 epochs. High accuracy was confirmed based on a mean-square error of 0.0015–0.0145 between the prediction and experimental results. The quantitative relationship between the input features and the separation yield was identified using sensitivity analysis. The charged weight of cables and impact energy were determined as the critical factors affecting the separation efficiency. The ML framework can be widely applied to recycling technologies to reveal the process mechanism and establish a quantitative relationship between process variables and treatment outputs.
Copy‐paste with self‐adaptation: A self‐adaptive adjustment method based on copy‐paste augmentation
Authors: Yu Xiaoyu , Li Fuchao , Bai Pengfei , Liu Yan , Chen Yinglu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractData augmentation diversifies the information in the dataset. For class imbalance, the copy‐paste augmentation generates new class information to alleviate the impact of this problem. However, these methods rely excessively on human intuition. Over‐fitting or under‐fitting can occur while adding the class information, which is inappropriate. The authors propose a self‐adaptive data augmentation: the copy‐paste with self‐adaptation (CPA) algorithm, which improves the phenomenon of over‐fitting and under‐fitting. For the CPA, the evaluation results of a model are taken as an important adjustment basis. The evaluation results are combined with the information of class imbalance to generate a set of class weights. Different number of class information will be replenished according to class weights. Finally, the generated images will be inserted into the training dataset and the model will start formal training. The experimental results show that CPA can alleviate class imbalance. For TT100 K dataset, YOLOv3 is trained with the optimised dataset and its AP is increased by 2% for VOC2007 dataset, the mAP of RetinaNet on optimised dataset is 78.46, which is 1.2% higher than original dataset. For COCO2017 dataset, SSD300 is trained with the optimised dataset and its AP is increased by 1.3%.
Experimental validation of a phaseless, non‐redundant planar spiral scanning for antenna characterisation
Authors: Bevilacqua Florindo , Capozzoli Amedeo , Curcio Claudio , D’Agostino Francesco , Ferrara Flaminio , Gennarelli Claudio , Guerriero Rocco , Liseno Angelo , Migliozzi Massimo , Vardaxoglou Yiannis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn effective, probe‐compensated, phaseless Near‐Field‐Far‐Field (NF–FF) transformation technique with planar spiral scanning is presented. The phase retrieval problem is solved by a quadratic inverse process, whose data are the voltage squared amplitudes of the NF samples acquired on two scanning surfaces. The available information on the antenna under test and on the scanning geometry are used to provide efficient representations for both the unknowns and the data, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the technique. Furthermore, disconnected apertures are dealt with by adopting two different sets of prolate spheroidal wave functions to represent the aperture fields. Experimental results are reported to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approach. A drastic reduction (about 90%) of the required NF samples, as compared to standard λ/4 measurements (λ being the wavelength), is observed. Aggregating the measurements on the two scanning surfaces, the technique uses less samples even when compared to the case of complex, λ/2 measurements performed on a single surface. Our approach exhibits an accuracy comparable to that achieved when adopting complex measurements with non‐redundant sampling or classical, λ/2 plane‐rectangular NF–FF transformations.
Representative modelling of very long HVDC cables
Authors: Schipper Josh , Sim Saijie , Dang Quy , Mukhedkar Radnya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA representative frequency dependent model (FDM) of an HVDC cable is important in ensuring HVDC systems are designed harmoniously. A model of the proposed and very long, 4200 km, AAPowerLink cables is implemented in PSCAD/EMTDC. The suitability of approximations required for efficient simulation are evaluated according to the anticipated cable specifications. In practice, a submarine cable of this length has between 40 to 80 field joints (FJ), which can be onerous to individually express and computationally expensive to model. Frequency domain analysis shows a minimum of 8 FJs is sufficient to represent the behaviour of the core voltage. The sensitivity of the FDM to cable parameters and operating conditions is assessed. The FDM is applied to establishing single ended fault location techniques. For a 4200 km cable these techniques can determine fault location to within 200 km (≈5%). Additional methods are explored to refine fault location estimates.
Through-the-scope suture closure of nonampullary duodenal endoscopic mucosal resection defects: a retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Almario Jose Antonio , Zhang Linda Y. , Cohen Jonathan , Haber Gregory B. , Ramberan Hemchand , Storm Andrew C. , Gordon Stuart , Adler Jeffrey M. , Pohl Heiko , Schlachterman Alexander , Kumar Anand , Singh Shailendra , Qumseya Bashar , Draganov Peter V. , Kumta Nikhil A. , Canakis Andrew , Kim Raymond , Aihara Hiroyuki , Shrigiriwar Apurva , Ngamruengphong Saowanee , Khashab Mouen A. ,   Working group
Published: May 2023

Background Delayed bleeding is among the most common adverse events associated with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of nonampullary duodenal polyps. We evaluated the rate of delayed bleeding and complete defect closure using a novel through-the-scope (TTS) suturing system for the closure of duodenal EMR defects.
Methods We reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent EMR for nonampullary duodenal polyps of ≥ 10 mm and prophylactic defect closure with TTS suturing between March 2021 and May 2022 at centers in the USA. We evaluated the rates of delayed bleeding and complete defect closure.
Results 36 nonconsecutive patients (61 % women; mean [SD] age, 65 [12] years) underwent EMR of ≥ 10-mm duodenal polyps followed by attempted defect closure with TTS suturing. The mean (SD) lesion size was 29 (19) mm, defect size was 37 (25) mm; eight polyps (22 %) involved > 50 % of the lumen circumference. Complete closure was achieved in all cases (78 % with TTS suturing alone), using a median of one TTS suturing kit. There were no cases of delayed bleeding and no adverse events attributed to application of the TTS suturing device.
Conclusion Prophylactic closure of nonampullary duodenal EMR defects using TTS suturing resulted in a high rate of complete closure and no delayed bleeding events.
DOTATATE PET Imaging in Olfactory Neuroblastoma and Association with SSTR Expression
Authors: Palmieri Daniel E. , Tadokoro Kent S. , Valappil Benita , Pakala Theja , Muthukrishnan Ashok , Seethala Raja R. , Snyderman Carl H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), or esthesioneuroblastoma, is a rare neuroectodermal tumor of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Most of these tumors express somatostatin receptors (SSTRs), providing a potential target for radionuclide imaging with Ga-68 DOTATATE. However, this imaging modality has not been extensively studied in ONB.
Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of 96 endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery cases for ONB performed at our institution between 2000 and 2021. Histo (H) scores were assigned to each tumor and normalized DOTATATE standardized uptake values (nSUVs) were measured as well.
Results Nine patients (5 males and 4 females) with ONB were ultimately included in the study. The average age of the patients was 50 years. All ONBs had a positive SSTR2 expression (H-score > 105; mean: 180). All ONBs showed DOTATATE avidity (mean nSUV for ONB: 6.7). However, there was no correlation between H-score and nSUV, with an r
2 of 0.24 (p = 0.18).
Conclusion Our study shows that SSTR2 expression is found in all ONBs with associated DOTATATE avidity, which may serve as a valuable imaging modality to monitor for recurrent and metastatic disease in ONB.
Progress in S–X Bond Formation by Halogen-Mediated Electrochemical Reactions
Authors: Gui Qing-wen , Du Juan , Du Ya-long 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSulfur-containing compounds are very common and important heteroatom skeletons and are widely found in natural products, pharmaceuticals and bioactive compounds. Moreover, the development of synthetic routes to organosulfur compounds has attracted considerable attention due to their wide range of applications in organic chemistry, the pharmaceutical industry and in materials science. As one of most powerful, green and eco-friendly research areas, organic electrosynthesis, in contrast to conventional organic synthesis, can avoid the use of harmful stoichiometric external oxidants or reductants. Importantly, halide salts are widely used as supporting electrolytes and redox catalysts in indirect electrosynthesis to avoid the limitations imposed by high overpotentials in direct electrosynthesis. In recent years, significant progress has been made on the halogen-mediated electrosynthesis of organosulfur compounds. In this review, the scope, limitations and mechanisms of halogen-mediated electrochemical transformations of sulfur-containing compounds are presented and discussed.1	Introduction2	S–C Bond Formation2.1	Organic Thiocyanates2.2	Sulfonyl Compounds2.3	Other Sulfides3	Formation of Other S–X (X = N, O, S, P) Bonds4	Conclusion and Outlook
Oral Health Promotion among Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review
Authors: AlJameel AlBandary Hassan , Gulzar Shabnam , Gupta Megha , Alshehri Alhassan Ali. , Almalki Sultan A. , Asiri Faris Y. , Chaudhry Sharmeen J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeople with disabilities experience inferior health and poor access to good quality health services as compared with the general population. Optimum oral health is associated with improvement in the quality of life in such patients. As oral diseases are largely preventable, good oral health education can have a positive impact on individuals with disabilities. So, the aim of the study was to review the effectiveness of oral health promotion among individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs). Seven electronic databases were searched using keywords like intellectual disability/mental retardation/learning disability AND dental health education/health promotion. All records that were identified electronically from this search were subjected to a preliminary review to identify eligible papers. Identified studies were grouped into oral health promotion directed at individuals with IDs, and those aimed at caregivers of people with IDs. Interpretation of the outcomes included the effects on oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (either observed or self-reported). Eventually, 16 studies were included in the review including five studies that were randomized controlled trials, while the remaining 11 studies were pre-post single group oral health promotion studies. Critical appraisal of each study was conducted with the 21-item criteria by Kay and Locker (1997) to provide a numerical quantification and ranking of the evidence. Positive changes in the behaviors and attitudes were observed, while other studies reported a considerable improvement in the knowledge of caregivers for oral healthcare of individuals with IDs. However, such activities need to be done over a long period of time with constant monitoring.
Neonatal Outcomes of Water Delivery versus Land Delivery: A Retrospective Propensity Score Weighted Study
Authors: Uccella Stefano , Manzoni Paolo , Militello Maria A. , Bosco Mariachiara , Porcari Irene , Lanzo Gabriele , Maraucci Francesca , Violino Chiara , Lo Cicero Tiziana , Biancotto Giulia , Carlo Zorzato Pier , Franchi Massimo P. , Garzon Simone 
Published: May 2023

Objective Recent evidence has shown that water delivery is safe for the mother, but high-quality evidence is not available for the newborn. Therefore, obstetric guidelines do not support it. This retrospective study aimed to contribute to the available evidence on maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with water delivery.
Study Design Retrospective cohort study from prospectively collected birth registry data from 2015 to 2019. A total of 144 consecutive water deliveries and 265 land deliveries eligible for waterbirth were identified. The inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was applied to address for confounders.
Results We identified 144 women who delivered in water (water group) and 265 women who delivered on land (land group). One (0.7%) neonatal death was observed in the water delivery group. After IPTW adjustment, water delivery was significantly associated with a higher risk of maternal fever in puerperium (odds ratio [OR]: 4.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86–17.02; p = 0.004), of neonatal cord avulsion (OR: 20.73; 95% CI: 2.63–2,674; p = 0.001), and of positive neonatal C-reactive protein (CRP > 5 mg/L; OR: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.05–7.24; p = 0.039); delivering in water was associated with lower maternal blood loss (mean difference: 110.40 mL; 95% CI: 191.01–29.78; p = 0.007), a lower risk of major (≥1,000 mL) postpartum hemorrhage (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.92–0.99; p = 0.016), lower risk of manual placenta delivery (OR: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.03–0.67; p = 0.008) and curettage (OR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.08–0.60; p = 0.002), lower use of episiotomy (OR: 0.02; 95% CI: 0–0.12; p < 0.001), and lower risk of neonatal ward admission (OR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.25–0.48; p < 0.001).
Conclusion The present study showed that differences are present between water and land delivery, and among them is the risk of cord avulsion, a severe and potentially fatal
event. In women choosing to deliver in water, a trained staffmust be present and immediate recognition of cord avulsion is key for a prompt management to avoid possible serious
complications.
Key Points