bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can Civic Friendship Ground Public Reason?
Authors: Billingham Paul , Taylor Anthony 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Public reason views hold that the exercise of political power must be acceptable to all reasonable citizens. A growing number of philosophers argue that this reasonable acceptability principle (RAP) can be justified by appealing to the value of civic friendship. They claim that a valuable form of political community can only be achieved among the citizens of pluralistic societies if they refrain from appealing to controversial ideals and values when justifying the exercise of political power to one another. This paper argues against such accounts. In order to justify RAP, one must explain and defend a conception of reasonableness. Civic friendship is unfit to perform this task, rendering it unable to ground public reason alone. Meanwhile, pluralist views that combine civic friendship with other considerations in order to specify RAP either fail or make civic friendship a spare wheel in the argument for public reason.
Patient Perceptions of Integrating Meditation-based Interventions in Office-based Opioid Treatment with Buprenorphine: A Mixed-methods Survey
Authors: Tofighi Babak , Marini Christina , Lee Joshua D. , Garland Eric L. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Recent findings support the provision of meditation-based interventions (MBIs) in primary care. However, the acceptability of MBI among patients prescribed medications for opioid use disorder (eg, buprenorphine) in primary care remains unclear. This study assessed experiences and preferences for adopting MBI among patients prescribed buprenorphine in office-based opioid treatment (OBOT).

Methods
This 23-item, semistructured cross-sectional survey was administered by study staff to patients enrolled in OBOT (N = 72) and consisted of demographic and clinical characteristics, perceptions, experiences with MBI, and preferred strategies to access MBI to support their treatment on buprenorphine.

Results
Most participants reported practicing at least 1 category of MBI (90.3%) on at least a daily (39.6%) or weekly (41.7%) basis including (1) spiritual meditation (eg, centering prayer; 67.7%); (2) nonmantra meditation (eg, comfortable posture; 61.3%); (3) mindfulness meditation (eg, mindfulness-based stress reduction; 54.8%); and (4) mantra meditation (eg, transcendental meditation; 29.0%). Interest in MBI was motivated by improving one's general health and well-being (73.4%), treatment outcomes with medications for OUD (eg, buprenorphine; 60.9%), and relationships with others (60.9%). Perceived clinical benefits of MBI included reduced anxiety or depression symptoms (70.3%), pain (62.5%), illicit substance or alcohol use (60.9%), cravings for illicit substances (57.8%), and opioid-related withdrawal symptoms (51.6%).

Conclusions
Findings from this study indicate high acceptability for adopting MBI among patients prescribed buprenorphine in OBOT. Further research is needed to assess the efficacy of MBI to improve clinical outcomes among patients initiating buprenorphine in OBOT.
An analysis of state-reported hospital transfer data of urology patients
Authors: Teplitsky Seth L. , Bylund Jason , Bettis Amber , Pearson Kendall , Waters Teresa , Harris Andrew M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
We examined the trends over time of urology patient transfers in rural and urban settings, at the state level, to better characterize transfer trends in the United States.

Materials and methods
Data were collected from the State Inpatient Database and Emergency Department Database produced by the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. We reviewed the data of all the patients who had been transferred 1 or more times between 2014 and 2016. The data reviewed were from all nonfederal, short-term general hospitals in the states of Arkansas, Florida, Iowa, Nebraska, and New York. The transfers were categorized into emergency department (ED)–to–ED transfers, inpatient-to-inpatient transfers, and ED-to-inpatient transfers at the different facilities.

Results
Overall, 3.33% (17,519/526,126) of all patient transfers were specific to urology. The mean age of the transferred patients specific to urology was 64.7 years, with 55% of these patients being females. Most of the transferred patients resided in nonmetropolitan or small-metropolitan areas (79.2%). Many transfers occurred at night (43.4%) and during weekends (27.3%). In 2014, the more rural states of Arkansas, Iowa, and Nebraska had higher transfer rates (>35 transfers per 100,000 inhabitants) compared with the more urban states of Florida and New York (both <10 transfers per 100,000). Medicare was significantly more likely to be the payer in the rural states (66%–82%) than in the more populated states (52%–58%).

Conclusions
We found significant differences in hospital transfer patterns between rural and highly populated states. Understanding these key differences may help in the optimization of hospital transfers, potentially lowering costs, improving patient outcomes, and enhancing patient experience of care.
The Satisfaction With Care of Patients With Schizophrenia in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Patient-Centered Care Domains
Authors: CHEN Tsung-Tai , CHUEH Ke-Hsin , CHEN Kao-Chen , CHOU Chi-Ling , YANG Jing-Jung 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Pharmacological interventions combined with nonpharmacological treatments such as patient-centered care (PCC)-related activities are widely used to enhance outcomes in patients with schizophrenia. However, few studies have examined and identified the PCC factors essential to achieving better outcomes in patients with schizophrenia.

Purpose
This study was designed to identify the Picker-Institute-identified PCC domains associated with satisfaction and to determine which of these domains are most important in the context of schizophrenia care.

Methods
Data were collected using patient surveys in outpatient settings and record reviews at two hospitals in northern Taiwan between November and December 2016. PCC data were collected in five domains: (a) support of patient autonomy; (b) goal setting; (c) collaboration and integration of healthcare services; (d) information, education, and communication; and (e) emotional support. The outcome measure was patient satisfaction. The study controlled for demographic factors, including age, gender, education, occupation, marriage, and urbanization level in the respondent's area of residence. Clinical characteristics included the Clinical Global Impressions severity and improvement index scores, previous admission, previous emergency department visit, and readmission within 1 year. Methods were adopted to prevent common method variance bias. Multivariable linear regression with stepwise selection and the generalized estimating equation were used to analyze the data.

Results
After controlling for confounding factors, the generalized estimating equation model found only three PCC factors significantly associated with patient satisfaction, which differed slightly from the results of the multivariable linear regression. These three factors are as follows, in order of importance: information, education, and communication (parameter = 0.65 [0.37, 0.92], p < .001); emotional support (parameter = 0.52 [0.22, 0.81], p < .001); and goal setting (parameter = 0.31 [0.10, 0.51], p = .004).

Conclusions
The three critical PCC-related factors were evaluated in terms of enhancing patient satisfaction in patients with schizophrenia. Practicable strategies related to these three factors should also be developed for implementation in clinical settings.
Application and development of noninvasive biomarkers for colorectal cancer screening: a systematic review
Authors: Song Dan , Wang Fei , Ju Yongzhi , He Qianru , Sun Tingting , Deng Wanglong , Ding Ran , Zhang Chao , Xu Qing , Qi Chuang , Bao Jun 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death (9.4% of the 9.9 million cancer deaths). However, CRC develops slowly, and early detection and intervention can effectively improve the survival rate and quality of life. Although colonoscopy can detect and diagnose CRC, it is unsuitable for CRC screening in average-risk populations. Some commercial kits based on DNA mutation or methylation are approved for screening, but the low sensitivity for advanced adenoma or early-stage CRC would limit the applications.

Main results:
Recently, researchers have focused on developing noninvasive or minimally invasive, easily accessible biomarkers with higher sensitivity and accuracy for CRC screening. Numerous reports describe advances in biomarkers, including DNA mutations and methylation, mRNA and miRNA, gut microbes, and metabolites, as well as low-throughput multiomics panels. In small cohorts, the specificity and sensitivity improved when fecal immunochemical testing combined with other biomarkers; further verification in large cohorts is expected. In addition, the continuous improvement of laboratory technology has also improved the sensitivity of detection technology, such as PCR, and the application of CRISPR/Cas technology. Besides, artificial intelligence has extensively promoted the mining of biomarkers. Machine learning was performed to construct a diagnosis model for CRC screening based on the cfDNA fragment features from whole-genome sequencing data. In another study, multiomics markers, including cfDNA, epigenetic, and protein signals, were also discovered by machine learning. Finally, advancements in sensor technology promote the applicability of volatile organic compounds in CRC early detection.

Conclusion:
Here, the authors review advances in early detection and screening of CRC based on different biomarker types. Most studies reported optimistic findings based on preliminary research, and prospective clinical studies are ongoing. These promising biomarkers are expected to more accurately identify early-stage patients with CRC and be applied in the future.
The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the targeted therapy and immunological therapy era: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Bo , Li Jinze , Huang Yin , Tang Bo , Jiang Jinjiang , Chen Zeyu , Li Jin , Wang Puze , Cao Dehong , Liu Liangren , Wei Qiang 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) remains controversial. In addition, several unanswered questions regarding the use of CN remain: Can CN provide survival benefits for patients with mRCC? Where do we place CN in the treatment sequence paradigm among patients with mRCC? How do we best stratify patients with mRCC for CN therapy?

Materials and Methods:
A search strategy was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Studies were included only in the English language. The risk of bias assessment was made by using ROBINS-I (Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions) and RoB 2 (Risk of Bias 2) tools. The expected outcomes were analyzed by meta-analyses with the fixed-effects model or random effects model, including overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The measure of effect was the hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% CI, and sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the reliability of the final results.

Results:
A total of 30 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. The HR for OS was 0.55 (95% CI, 0.50–0.61), and PFS was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.66–0.80), favoring CN compared with no CN. The upfront CN plus targeted therapy (TT) group had superior OS (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.51–0.64) compared with the TT alone group. Furthermore, upfront CN plus systemic therapy (ST) was associated with numerically inferior OS compared with ST plus deferred CN in patients with mRCC (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.98–1.74). Finally, the leave-one-out test of sensitivity analysis indicated that the results of this meta-analysis were stable and reliable in the overall HR estimates for these survival outcomes.

Conclusions:
First, CN was associated with better survival than no CN in patients with mRCC. Second, the combination of upfront CN and TT may lead to superior survival outcomes compared to TT alone in patients with mRCC. Survival outcomes were similar between the upfront CN+ST group and the ST+deferred CN group in patients with mRCC. Exact patient selection based on baseline prognostic factors is needed to promise maximal survival for patients with mRCC.
Role of local ablative treatment in oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Rim Chai Hong , Cho Won Kyung , Park Sunmin , Yoon Won Sup , Yang Dae Sik 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
This meta-analysis analyzed the oncologic role of local ablative treatment (LAT) in oligometastatic nonsmall cell lung cancer.

Method:
Pubmed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched until October, 2022. Studies comparing LAT with standard care (control) were included. Sensitivity analyses were performed including randomized controlled studies (RCTs). Subgroup analyses were performed according to specific categories and metastatic burden. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Considering the median OS and PFS from landmark studies, 2-year OS and 1-year PFS rates were used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs).

Results:
A total of 20 studies (four RCTs) encompassing 1750 patients were included. Surgery and radiotherapy (60 and 90% of studies) were mainly used as LATs. Pooled ORs of OS and PFS were 3.492 (95% CI:2.612–4.699, P<0.001) and 3.743 (95% CI: 2.586–5.419, P<0.001), favoring LAT, respectively. Sensitivity analyses, including RCTs showed ORs of 4.111 (P<0.001) and 4.959 (P=0.001) regarding OS and PFS, favoring LCT, respectively. Pooled 1-year and 2-year OS rates were 83.8 and 58.4% in LAT arms, whereas 64.4 and 31% in control arms; pooled 1-year and 2-year PFS rates were 64.6 and 32.8% in LAT arms, and 36.1 and 10% in control arms. In subgroup analyses, the pooled ORs were 3.981 (P<0.001), 3.355 (P<0.001), and 1.726 (P=0.373) in synchronous, oligopersistence, and oligoprogression/recurrence subgroups, respectively. Regarding PFS comparison, pooled ORs were 5.631 (P<0.001), 3.484 (P<0.001), and 1.777 (P=0.07), respectively. According to metastatic burden categories, pooled ORs favored LAT arms in both analyses including low-metastatic and high-metastatic burden subgroups.

Conclusion:
The present study supports the role of LAT in treating nonsmall cell lung cancer oligometastasis. The oligoprogression/recurrence disease could have less LAT benefit than synchronous or oligopersistent disease.
Proposed dietary recommendations for iron overload: a guide for physician practice
Authors: Saleh Hasan , Seaman Leigh Ann K. , Palmer William C. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of Review
Iron overload disorders such as hemochromatosis involve unregulated absorption of dietary iron, leading to excessive iron accumulation in multiple organs. Phlebotomy is the standard of care for removal of excess iron, but dietary modification is not standardized in practice. The purpose of this article is to help standardize hemochromatosis diet counseling based on commonly asked patient questions.

Recent Findings
The clinical benefit regarding dietary modification in iron overload patients is limited due to lack of large clinical trials, but preliminary results are promising. Recent studies suggest diet modification could reduce iron burden in hemochromatosis patients resulting in less annual phlebotomy as supported through small patient studies, concepts of physiology, and animal studies.

Summary
This article is a guide for physicians to counsel hemochromatosis patients based on commonly asked questions such as foods to avoid, foods to consume, use of alcohol, and use of supplements. The goal of this guide is to help standardize hemochromatosis diet counseling to reduce phlebotomy amount in patients. Standardization of diet counseling could help facilitate future patient studies to analyze the clinical significance.
Bile acids as metabolic regulators: an update
Authors: Li Tiangang , Chiang John Y.L. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of review
This review aims to provide a concise update on recent advances in understanding of the bile acid metabolism and signaling in health and diseases.

Recent findings
CYP2C70 has been identified as the murine cytochrome p450 enzyme that mediates the synthesis of muricholic acids to account for the major different bile acid composition between human and mice. Several studies have linked nutrient sensing bile acid signaling to the regulation of hepatic autophagy-lysosome activity, an integral pathway of the cellular adaptive response to starvation. Distinct bile acid-mediated signaling mechanisms have been shown to contribute to the complex metabolic changes post bariatric surgery, suggesting that pharmacological manipulation of the enterohepatic bile acid signaling could be a potential nonsurgical alternative to weight loss surgery.

Summary
Basic and clinical studies have continued to discover novel roles of the enterohepatic bile acid signaling in regulation of key metabolic pathways. Such knowledge forms the molecular basis needed for developing safe and effective bile acid-based therapeutics for treating metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
Prebirth effects of climate change on children's respiratory health
Authors: Yadav Aravind , Pacheco Susan E. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of review
To date, there is no evidence that humanity will implement appropriate mitigation measures to avoid the catastrophic impact of climate change on the planet and human health. Vulnerable populations such as pregnant women and children will be the most affected. This review highlights epidemiologic data on climate change-related prenatal environmental exposures affecting the fetus and children's respiratory health.

Recent findings
Research on outcomes of prenatal exposure to climate change-related environmental changes and pediatric pulmonary health is limited. In addition to adverse pregnancy outcomes known to affect lung development, changes in lung function, increased prevalence of wheezing, atopy, and respiratory infections have been associated with prenatal exposure to increased temperatures, air pollution, and maternal stress. The mechanisms behind these changes are ill-defined, although oxidative stress, impaired placental functioning, and epigenetic modifications have been observed. However, the long-term impact of these changes remains unknown.

Summary
The detrimental impact of the climate crisis on pediatric respiratory health begins before birth, highlighting the inherent vulnerability of pregnant women and children. Research and advocacy, along with mitigation and adaptation measures, must be implemented to protect pregnant women and children, the most affected but the least responsible for the climate crisis.
Addressing caregiver mental health in the neonatal ICU
Authors: Sadler Erin M. , Okito Ololade , Soghier Lamia 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of review
The neonatal ICU (NICU) setting is a unique opportunity to not only detect major changes in caregiver mental health through universal perinatal mood and anxiety disorder (PMAD) screening but also intervene with specialized support. We review evidence for addressing caregiver mental health in the NICU, explore current guidelines and models for integrated behavioural health programmes, and describe challenges specific to NICUs, particularly in standalone paediatric hospitals.

Recent findings
Parents of infants admitted to the NICU are at an increased risk for developing PMADs at rates well above the general postpartum community. Select NICUs within the United States and internationally have recognized the importance of having an embedded psychologist to address caregiver PMADs. However, organizational structures within paediatric healthcare systems are not equipped to manage the logistical, ethical, legal and practical needs of comprehensive caregiver mental health programmes.

Summary
To properly address caregiver mental health in NICU settings, clinical and administrative teams must work together to ensure seamless service provision. Systems that facilitate the development of unique parent medical records at the onset of paediatric care are likely to significantly reduce potential liability risks and solve several challenges related to caregiver-focused mental health support in the NICU.

Video abstract

http://links.lww.com/MOP/A70
Anticoagulation and hemostasis on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Carmona Carlos , Nellis Marianne E. , Karam Oliver 
Published: March 2023

Purpose of review
The purpose of this review is to describe the hemostatic changes induced by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), the need to balance the risks of bleeding and clotting with anticoagulation and hemostatic transfusions, and the inherent risks to these interventions.

Recent findings
Both bleeding and clotting are frequent complications of ECMO. To prevent clotting events, virtually, all children are anticoagulated. However, the optimal anticoagulation strategy is unknown. A recent systematic review of observational studies showed that anti-Xa-guided strategies were associated with a two-fold decrease in bleeding and no increase in clotting complications. These results need to be tested in randomized controlled trials. To avoid bleeding events, platelet transfusions are frequently prescribed to children on ECMO. However, platelet transfusions have recently been shown to be independently associated with increased bleeding and clotting. Therefore, the optimal platelet transfusion strategy must be evaluated appropriately.

Summary
Most patients on ECMO will develop either a hemorrhagic or thrombotic complication. Balancing these risks involves careful titration of anticoagulation to prevent clotting and hemostatic transfusions to prevent bleeding. As the current level of evidence is low, prospective randomized trials are needed.
Periprosthetic fracture management of the proximal femur
Authors: Padilla-Rojas Luis G. , Garín-Zertuche Dario E. , López-Almejo Leonardo , Garabano Germán , Pesciallo César Ángel , Leal Jaime A. , Pinzón Andrés , Giordano Vincenzo , Esteves-Pires Robinson 
Published: March 2023

Summary:
The most common periprosthetic fractures occur around the hip. The most widely used classification is the Vancouver classification, and management requires careful planning and skill in both arthroplasty and fracture surgery. This article presents an overview of the diagnosis, classification, and management of periprosthetic fractures of the proximal femur. This work represents a summary review from Latin American Society Members of the International Orthopaedic Trauma Association.