bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing a century of genetic diversity and contemporary antigenic diversity of N1 neuraminidase in influenza A virus from North American swine
Authors: Hufnagel David E , Young Katharine M , Arendsee Zebulun W , Gay L Claire , Caceres C Joaquin , Rajão Daniela S , Perez Daniel R , Vincent Baker Amy L , Anderson Tavis K 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInfluenza A viruses (IAVs) of the H1N1 classical swine lineage became endemic in North American swine following the 1918 pandemic. Additional human-to-swine transmission events after 1918, and a spillover of H1 viruses from wild birds in Europe, potentiated a rapid increase in genomic diversity via reassortment between introductions and the endemic classical swine lineage. To determine mechanisms affecting reassortment and evolution, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis of N1 and paired HA swine IAV genes in North America between 1930 and 2020. We described fourteen N1 clades within the N1 Eurasian avian lineage (including the N1 pandemic clade), the N1 classical swine lineage, and the N1 human seasonal lineage. Seven N1 genetic clades had evidence for contemporary circulation. To assess antigenic drift associated with N1 genetic diversity, we generated a panel of representative swine N1 antisera and quantified the antigenic distance between wild-type viruses using enzyme-linked lectin assays and antigenic cartography. Within the N1 genes, the antigenic similarity was variable and reflected shared evolutionary history. Sustained circulation and evolution of N1 genes in swine had resulted in a significant antigenic distance between the N1 pandemic clade and the classical swine lineage. Between 2010 and 2020, N1 clades and N1–HA pairings fluctuated in detection frequency across North America, with hotspots of diversity generally appearing and disappearing within 2 years. We also identified frequent N1–HA reassortment events (n = 36), which were rarely sustained (n = 6) and sometimes also concomitant with the emergence of new N1 genetic clades (n = 3). These data form a baseline from which we can identify N1 clades that expand in range or genetic diversity that may impact viral phenotypes or vaccine immunity and subsequently the health of North American swine.
Trade Shocks, Population Growth, and Migration
Authors: Fernández Guerrico Sofía 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the effect of trade-induced changes in Mexican labor demand on population growth and migration responses at the local level. It exploits cross-municipality variation in exposure to a change in trade policy between the United States and China that eliminated potential tariff increases on Chinese imports, negatively affecting Mexican manufacturing exports to the United States. Municipalities more exposed to the policy change, via their industry structure, experienced greater employment loss. In the five years following the change in trade policy, more exposed municipalities experience increased population growth, driven by declines in out-migration. Conversely, 6 to 10 years after the change in trade policy, exposure to increased trade competition is associated with decreased population growth, driven by declines in in-migration and return migration rates, and increased out-migration. The sluggish regional adjustment is consistent with high moving costs and transitions across sectors in the short term.
A Close Look into the Composition and Functions of Fungal Extracellular Vesicles Produced by Phytopathogens
Authors: Maximo Marina F. , Fill Taícia P. , Rodrigues Marcio L. 
Published: February 2023

Fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) were first described in human pathogens. In a few years, the field of fungal EVs evolved to include several studies with plant pathogens, in which extracellularly released vesicles play fundamental biological roles. In recent years, solid progress has been made in the determination of the composition of EVs produced by phytopathogens. In addition, EV biomarkers are now known in fungal plant pathogens, and the production of EVs during plant infection has been demonstrated. In this manuscript, we review the recent progress in the field of fungal EVs, with a focus on plant pathogens. [Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 “No Rights Reserved” license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2023.
Knowledge Gaps, Research Needs, and Opportunities in Plant Disease Diagnostic Assay Development and Validation
Authors: Geiser David M. , Martin Frank N. , Espindola Andres S. , Brown Judith K. , Bell Terrence H. , Yang Yinong , Kang Seogchan 
Published: February 2023

Sequence-based identification and detection technologies have revolutionized plant disease diagnostics in the last few decades, opening the door to highly selective and specific diagnostic assays. However, diagnostic assay development and validation remain hindered by many factors that would be ameliorated by research prioritization and coordination. Massive amounts of sequence data, in the forms of evolutionarily informative markers and now whole genomes, are available yet not easily accessible or properly organized to guide efficient assay development and deployment. For many key pathogen groups, particularly those that are not easily culturable, data are scant. Identification of pathogen-specific sequences in microbial genomes, the ultimate diagnostic markers, requires massive data processing and is slowed by a lack of quality data curation pipelines that efficiently translate data into problem solving. New technologies have the potential to enable detection at extremely low titers, but many of these have not yet found their way into diagnostic labs, much less the field. Here, we review the current status of diagnostics readiness in select groups of pathogens and pathosystems and define research priorities to fill knowledge and resource gaps to support scientists engaged in diagnostics. These priorities include improved coordination of data generation and curation and validation of new technologies, such as LAMP, MiFi, RPA, and CRISPR-Cas, to accelerate the implementation of more specific and sensitive assays. Finally, novel approaches, such as detection of volatile profiles and microbiome analyses, have the potential to complement pathogen diagnostics focusing on specific pathogens. [Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 “No Rights Reserved” license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2023.
Immunogenicity of peptide‐based vaccine composed of epitopes from Echinococcus granulosus rEg.P29
Authors: Lv Yongxue , Chang Liangliang , Yang Jihui , Wen Jia , Zhao Yinqi , Zhu Mingxing , Wu Changyou , Zhao Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEchinococcus granulosus is one of the main causes of economic loss in the livestock industry because of its food‐borne transmission. Cutting off the transmission route is a valid prevention method, and vaccines are the most effective means of controlling and eliminating infectious diseases. However, no human‐related vaccine has been yet marketed. As a genetic engineering vaccine, recombinant protein P29 of E. granulosus (rEg.P29) could provide protection against deadly challenges. In this study, we generated peptide vaccines (rEg.P29T, rEg.P29B, and rEg.P29T+B) based on rEg.P29 and an immunized model was established by subcutaneous immunization. Further evaluation showed that peptide vaccine immunization in mice induced T helper type 1 (Th1)‐mediated cellular immune responses, leading to high levels of rEg.P29 or rEg.P29B‐specific antibodies. In addition, rEg.P29T+B immunization can induce a higher antibody and cytokine production level than single‐epitope vaccines, and immune memory is also longer. Collectively, these results suggest that rEg.P29T+B has the potential to be developed as an efficient subunit vaccine for use in areas where E. granulosus is endemic.
High cut-off membranes in patients requiring renal replacement therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Zhifeng , Kuang Huang , Wang Fang , Liu Lu , Zhang Ling , Fu Ping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Whether high cut-off (HCO) membranes are more effective than high-flux (HF) membranes in patients requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) remains controversial. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the efficacy of HCO membranes regarding the clearance of inflammation-related mediators, β2-microglobulin and urea; albumin loss; and all-cause mortality in patients requiring RRT.

Methods:
We searched all relevant studies on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, with no language or publication year restrictions. Two reviewers independently selected studies and extracted data using a prespecified extraction instrument. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Summary estimates of standardized mean differences (SMDs) or weighted mean differences (WMDs) and risk ratios (RRs) were obtained by fixed-effects or random-effects models. Sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were performed to determine the source of heterogeneity.

Results:
Nineteen RCTs involving 710 participants were included in this systematic review. Compared with HF membranes, HCO membranes were more effective in reducing the plasma level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (SMD −0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.48 to −0.01, P
= 0.04, I
2 = 63.8%); however, no difference was observed in the clearance of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (SMD 0.03, 95% CI −0.27 to 0.33, P = 0.84, I
2 = 4.3%), IL-10 (SMD 0.22, 95% CI −0.12 to 0.55, P = 0.21, I
2 = 0.0%), or urea (WMD −0.27, 95% CI −2.77 to 2.23, P = 0.83, I
2 = 19.6%). In addition, a more significant reduction ratio of β2-microglobulin (WMD 14.8, 95% CI 3.78 to 25.82, P = 0.01, I
2 = 88.3%) and a more obvious loss of albumin (WMD −0.25, 95% CI −0.35 to −0.16, P < 0.01, I
2 = 40.8%) could be observed with the treatment of HCO membranes. For all-cause mortality, there was no difference between the two groups (RR 1.10, 95% CI 0.87 to 1.40, P = 0.43, I
2 = 0.0%).

Conclusions:
Compared with HF membranes, HCO membranes might have additional benefits on the clearance of IL-6 and β2-microglobulin but not on TNF-α, IL-10, and urea. Albumin loss is more serious with the treatment of HCO membranes. There was no difference in all-cause mortality between HCO and HF membranes. Further larger high-quality RCTs are needed to strengthen the effects of HCO membranes.
Current status and future perspectives of bispecific antibodies in the treatment of lung cancer
Authors: Wang Wanying , Qiu Tianyu , Li Fei , Ren Shengxiang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies have been successfully incorporated into the current therapeutical landscape of lung cancer in the last decades. Recently, with technological advances, bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) have also shown robust efficacy in the treatment of malignant cancers, including lung cancer. These antibodies target two independent epitopes or antigens and have been extensively explored in translational and clinical studies in lung cancer. Here, we outline the mechanisms of action of bsAbs, related clinical data, ongoing clinical trials, and potent novel compounds of various types of bsAbs in clinical studies, especially in lung cancer. We also propose future directions for the clinical development of bsAbs, which might bring a new era of treatment for patients with lung cancer.
Efficacy and Safety of Gonioscopy-Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy for Primary Congenital Glaucoma
Authors: Aktas Zeynep , Ozmen Mehmet C. , Ozdemir Zeydanli Ece , Oral Merve , Eskalen Oğuzcan 
Published: February 2023

Précis:
Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (GATT) provided effective intraocular pressure (IOP) control in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). Also, approximately two third of patients did not need antiglaucoma medication at an average follow-up of 1 year after surgery.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of GATT surgery in eyes with PCG.

Materials and Methods:
This study is a retrospective review of patients who underwent GATT surgery for PCG. Outcome measures were changes in IOP and number of medications at all time points (1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, and 36 mo after surgery), and success rates. Success was defined as IOP<21 mm Hg with at least a 30% reduction from the baseline, complete if without medications, or qualified if with or without medications. Cumulative success probabilities were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier survival analyses.

Results:
Twenty-two eyes of 14 patients diagnosed with PCG were enrolled in this study. The mean IOP reduction was 13.1 mm Hg (57.7%) with a mean decrease of 2 glaucoma medications at the final follow-up. All mean IOP readings during postoperative follow-up were significantly lower than baseline (P<0.05 for all). Cumulative probability of qualified success was 95.5% and the cumulative probability of complete success was 66.7%.

Conclusion:
GATT was safe and successfully lowered IOP in patients with PCG with the advantage of avoiding conjunctival and scleral incisions.
Outcomes of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty After Prior Incisional Surgery for Open Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Wu Connie M. , Zheng Cindy X. , Kuley Brandon , Wong Jae-Chiang , Lin Michael M. , Moster Stephen J. , Moster Marlene R. , Schmidt Courtland , Pro Michael J. , Lee Daniel 
Published: February 2023

Précis:
This retrospective case series of patients with open angle glaucoma and prior trabeculectomy or tube shunt surgery found that selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) resulted in significant intraocular pressure (IOP) reductions in the intermediate follow-up period in select cases.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to assess the IOP-lowering effect and tolerability of SLT after prior trabeculectomy or tube shunt surgery.

Materials and Methods:
Open angle glaucoma patients at Wills Eye Hospital who previously underwent incisional glaucoma surgery and subsequently received SLT between 2013 and 2018 were included, along with an age-matched control group. Baseline characteristics, procedural data, and post-SLT data were recorded at 1, 3, 6, 12 months, and most recent visit. The primary success of SLT treatment was defined as IOP reduction of 20% or greater without the use of additional glaucoma medications compared to pre-SLT IOP. Secondary success was defined as IOP reduction ≥20% with the use of additional glaucoma medications compared to pre-SLT IOP.

Results:
There were 45 eyes in the study group and 45 eyes in the control group. In the study group, IOP decreased from a baseline of 19.5±4.7 mm Hg on 2.2±1.2 medications to 16.7±5.2 mm Hg (P=0.002) on 2.2±1.1 glaucoma medications (P=0.57). In the control group, IOP decreased from 19.5±4.2 mm Hg on 2.4±1.0 medications to 16.4±5.2 mm Hg (P=0.003) on 2.1±1.3 medications (P=0.36). There was no difference in IOP reduction or change in number of glaucoma medications after SLT at any postoperative visit between the 2 groups (P≥0.12 for all). Primary success rates at 12 months were 24.4% for the control group and 26.7% for the prior incisional glaucoma surgery group with no significant difference between the groups (P=0.92). There were no persistent complications after SLT treatment in either group.

Conclusion:
SLT may effectively lower IOP in patients with open angle glaucoma who have had previous incisional glaucoma surgery and should be considered in select cases.
A Novel Visual Field Screening Program for Glaucoma With a Head-Mounted Perimeter
Authors: Arai Kota , Nishijima Euido , Ogawa Shumpei , Hosaka Daisuke , Itoh Yoshinori , Noro Takahiko , Okude Sachiyo , Okada Satomi , Yoshikawa Keiji , Nakano Tadashi 
Published: February 2023

Précis:
A novel visual field screening program with a head-mounted perimeter ‘imo’ could detect glaucoma at all stages in a short time with high accuracy.

Purpose:
The present study aimed to examine the accuracy and availability of a novel glaucoma visual field screening program using a head-mounted visual perimeter ‘imo.’

Participants and Methods:
Eyes of 76 non-glaucoma participants and 92 glaucoma patients were examined. All patients underwent visual field tests using the Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer (30-2 or 24-2 Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm standard program) and imo (the visual field screening program). We evaluated five visual field screening program indicators: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and testing time. We also evaluated the ability of this visual field screening program to differentiate between glaucoma patients and normal controls using the receiver operating characteristic curves and areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results:
The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the visual field screening program were 76%–100%, 91%–100%, 86%–89%, and 79%–100%, respectively. The visual field screening program test time was 46±13 seconds for normal controls and 61±18, 82±21, and 105±16 econds, respectively for mild, moderate, and advanced-stage patients. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.77, 0.97, and 1.0 in the mild, moderate, and advanced stages, respectively.

Conclusions:
Visual field screening using a head-mounted perimeter ‘imo’ detected glaucoma at all stages in a short time with high accuracy.
Glaucoma and Telemedicine
Authors: Brandão-de-Resende Camilo , Alcântara Liliane de Abreu Rosa de , Vasconcelos-Santos Daniel Vítor , Diniz-Filho Alberto 
Published: February 2023

Précis:
Teleglaucoma is the future, but there is a need for clearer regulation by government agencies and medical entities, as well as for studies to further demonstrate the cost-effectiveness and safety of teleglaucoma strategies at a global scale.

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic drastically impacted global health, forcing institutions to provide alternative models of safe and reliable health care. In this context, telemedicine has been successfully used to overcome distance barriers and improve access to medical services. Teleglaucoma is the application of telemedicine to screen and monitor glaucoma, a chronic and progressive optic neuropathy. Teleglaucoma screening aims to detect the disease at an earlier stage, especially in high-risk populations and underserved areas, also identifying patients who require more urgent treatment. Teleglaucoma monitoring seeks to provide remote management through virtual clinics, where classic in-person visits are replaced by synchronous data collection (clinical measurements) performed by non-ophthalmologists and asynchronous review (decision-making) by ophthalmologists. This may be employed for low-risk patients with early disease, improving health care logistics, reducing the number of face-to-face consultations, and saving time and costs. New technologies may also allow home monitoring of patients in teleglaucoma programs, with the addition of artificial intelligence methods, which are expected to increase the accuracy of remote glaucoma screening/monitoring and support clinical decision-making. However, for the incorporation of teleglaucoma into clinical practice, a complex system for collection, transfer, flow, and interpretation of data is still necessary, in addition to clearer regulatory markers by government agencies and medical entities.
V-shaped Folded Nasolabial Flap in the Repair of the Anterior Buccal Mucosal Defect
Authors: Lu Ruohuang , Huang Jiang , Guo Xincheng 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
To investigate the efficacy of V-shaped folded nasolabial flap in the repair of small-sized and medium-sized defects of the anterior buccal mucosa.

Methods:
From March 2019 to December 2021, 9 cases of male patients with anterior buccal mucosal lesions were enrolled in this study. After the lesions were completely excised, the mucosa and part of the buccal mucosal defect were left. A transverse V-shaped folded nasolabial flap was created with the pedicle located at the corner of the mouth and the long axis along the nasolabial fold. The lower part was lifted from the end to the pedicle. Next, from the level of the superficial musculo-aponeurotic system, the upper and lower parts were lifted from the end to the pedicle, and the V-shaped flap was folded and turned over through the buccal tunnel to repair the mucosal defect. The extraoral donor site was directly pulled and sutured.

Results:
The nasolabial flap survived in 9 patients, and the wounds inside and outside the mouth healed at stage I. The postoperative follow-up time was 4 to 32 months, and the patients had no recurrence, with symmetrical buccal shape, and no traction and deformation in the affected buccal organs. In addition, the linear scar had no obvious hyperplasia and was hidden in the affected nasolabial folds, without symptoms of buccal nerve injury, and the shape of the corner of the mouth was normal. The width and opening degree of oral fissure were not significantly reduced compared with those before operation. Meanwhile, the intraoral flap was thin and flat, and healed well with the surrounding mucosa, without obvious flap contracture, buccal bite, or incomplete closure.

Conclusion:
Overall, V-shaped folded nasolabial flap has the advantages of flexible design, simple preparation, reliable blood supply, and protection of the donor site, which may be one of the effective methods for repairing small-sized and medium-sized defects in the anterior buccal mucosa.
Morphologic Changes of the Temporomandibular Joint in Pruzansky-Kaban Type IIa Hemifacial Microsomia Postmandibular Distraction Osteogenesis
Authors: Shu kai-yi , Liu Wei , Zhao Jiu-li , Zhang Zhi-yong , Li Xi-yuan , Shan Ba-ga , Ma Lun-Kun , Liang Ying-xiang 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
Mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) is a powerful tool for the correction of hemifacial microsomia (HFM). The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the focus of attention in the diagnosis and treatment of HFM. This observational retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate morphologic changes in TMJ post-MDO in type IIa HFM.

Methods:
We recruited 48 patients with unilateral type IIa HFM who had completed MDO and mandibular distractor extraction (MDE). Data relating to the length, distance, angle, and volume of the TMJ were measured on 3-dimension models created by the analysis of computed tomography data. Normality analysis was performed by using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Data were compared with the paired t test and Wilcoxon signed-ranks test.

Results:
The spaces between the affected condyle and the affected glenoid fossa before MDO were all significantly larger than before MDE (P<0.05). The breadth of the affected glenoid fossa before MDO was significantly longer than before MDE (P<0.001). The height of the affected condyle before MDO was significantly longer than before MDE (P<0.001). The volume of the affected condyle before MDO was significantly larger than before MDE (P<0.001). The ratio between the volume of the affected condyle and unaffected condyle before MDO was 0.20±0.13. The ratio between the volume of the affected condyle before MDE and MDO was 0.65±0.32. The resorption rate of the affected condyle post-MDO was 0.35±0.32.

Conclusion:
Herein, we characterized anatomic changes of the TMJ in type- IIa HFM post-MDO. Condylar resorption and the compression of space between the condyle and the glenoid fossa on the affected side were 2 typical manifestations. Our findings enhanced the understanding of the application of MDO on HFM.