bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzymatic hydrolysis of palm cellulose to yield nanocrystals with potential roles in lipid and cholesterol digestion and absorption
Authors: Chong Wai-Ting , Siow Lee Fong , Chan Eng-Seng , Tey Beng Ti , Lee Yee-Ying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Limited research has been conducted to understand the influence of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) on lipid and cholesterol digestion and absorption. This study aimed to explore and understand the ability of CNCs to modulate these processes. CNCs were obtained from palm-pressed fiber (PPF) via a green enzymatic hydrolysis method, a more environmentally friendly alternative to the traditional, acid hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed using the endo-β-D-glucanase derived from Aspergillus sp. The effect of the enzyme concentration (250–1000 U/g) and reaction times (12–72 h) on CNC particle size, morphology, yield and suspension stability were studied. Enzymatic hydrolysis at a concentration 500 U/g and 72 h of incubation successfully produced needle-shaped, shortened, and non-entangled CNCs with an average diameter of 22.76 ± 5.52 nm, length of 342.55 ± 148.69 nm, an aspect ratio of ~ 15, and a crystallinity of 61.45%. Interestingly, the water (22.28 ± 0.85 g/g) and oil (15.08 ± 0.62 g/g) holding capacities of CNCs were four times higher than raw PPF (5.31 ± 0.53 g/g; 3.52 ± 0.32 g/g). The results showed increasing CNCs concentrations decreased lipase activity mobilization, increased cholesterol adsorption capability and retarded bile acid diffusion. 1% of CNCs alone inhibited 54.93% of lipase activity. 1 g of CNCs adsorbed 54.19 ± 10.70 mg of cholesterol and demonstrated a greater bile acid retardation effect than microcrystal cellulose (CNCs: 39.3 ± 10.10%: MCC: 27.05 ± 6.72%). The entrapment of lipase and bile acid by CNCs could affect lipid and cholesterol digestion, potentially benefiting digestion health applications. Furthermore, the presence of CNCs could potentially alleviate hypercholesteremia by adsorbing cholesterol and reducing bile acid diffusion. The results revealed the effectiveness of CNCs extraction from PPF through enzymatic hydrolysis and suggest that CNCs may have health benefits as a functional ingredient for developing of fat- and cholesterol-rich foods with health-promoting properties.
Water repellency of cotton knitted fabrics treated with alkyl ketene dimers
Authors: Onodera Satoru , Tanaka Chiaki , Isogai Akira 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Water repellency is one of the expected functions for originally hydrophilic cotton fabrics (CFs) in various applications. Aqueous dispersions of alkylketene dimers have been used as efficient sizing chemicals in practical papermaking. In the present study, we soaked CFs in weakly cationic AKD dispersions of various AKD concentrations, squeezed them, and cured/dried the AKD dispersion-containing wet CFs at 120 °C for 10 min. Scanning electron microscopy revealed flake-like AKD structures in the AKD-treated and air-dried CFs, which mostly disappeared when the AKD-related compounds (such as the original AKD, hydrolyzed AKD, and cellulose-reacted AKD molecules present in the CFs) melted and spread during curing. The contents of the AKD-related compounds in the CFs were determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. When a dispersion with an AKD concentration of 6.7 g/L and a pH of 4.5 was used, the cured and dried CF contained ~ 0.49% AKD-related compounds. The resulting CF sample had prolonged water-absorption times (a measure of water repellency) of > 1800s, even after 30 cycles of laundry treatment. The content of AKD-related compounds was decreased markedly from 0.49 to 0.06% and 0.01% by laundry treatment once and 30 times, respectively. Quite small amounts of AKD-related compounds remained in the CF after laundry treatment, and contributed to its high water repellency. Therefore, the AKD treatment developed in the present study offers a practical and efficient means of conferring high water repellency on CFs.

Graphical abstract
Legal Standards of Proof: When and Why Merely Statistical Evidence Can Satisfy Them
Authors: Silva Paul 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The relation of normic support offers a novel solution to the proof paradox: a paradox in evidence law arising from legal cases involving merely statistical evidence (Smith in Mind 127: 1193–1218, 2018). Central to the normic support solution has been the thesis that merely statistical evidence cannot confer normic support. However, it has been observed that there are exceptions to this: there exist cases where merely statistical evidence can give rise to normic support (Blome-Tillmann in Mind 129: 563–578, 2020). If correct, this fact seems to undermine the normic support solution to the proof paradox. This paper explores a resolution: normic support can resolve the proof paradox even though merely statistical evidence sometimes gives rise to normic support. The key to understanding this resolution lies with a source of evidential support that arises out of bodies of evidence that involve character evidence (cf. Colyvan, et al. in JPP 9(2): 168–181 2001). It turns out that character evidence can provide normic support when it is grounded in our knowledge of a certain kind of disposition individuals can have: goal-directed dispositions. The upshot is the recovery of the normic support solution to the puzzle of whether statistical evidence can meet legal standards of proof.
Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisations Leading the Way in Child Health Research
Authors: Pickard Anita , Stubbs Thomas , Carter Emily , Rice Lauren , Thomas Sue , Davies Jadnah , Oscar June , Martiniuk Alexandra , Elliott Elizabeth J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Historically, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander research in Australia has adhered to Western research paradigms and contributed to the adverse impacts of colonisation. However, recent developments driven by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and scholars, and development of ethical guidelines for research, have promoted a more inclusive and collaborative research landscape. In this study, published papers and internal documents arising from a long-term partnership between Marninwarntikura Women’s Resource Centre (MWRC) and the University of Sydney (USYD) from 2009 to 2023 were analysed using the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Quality Appraisal Tool and consultations with project partners. Every project had Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander governance, leadership, and inclusive consultation; was driven by community-identified priorities, built local capacity, and benefitted the community. There was an increase in the use of Indigenous research paradigms and data/intellectual property (IP) agreements over time, reflecting responsiveness to community leadership. This partnership exemplifies community-driven, co-designed, Aboriginal-led health research and serves as a model for effective collaboration with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.
Outpacing sol-gel-prepared magnesium fluoride for rare earth element separation by mixed mechanisms over many second-group fluorides
Authors: Hagag M. S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and testing of new inorganic compounds as perspective adsorbents or ion exchangers are of significant importance. Magnesium fluoride is a well-known inorganic compound that is affordable and widely used in various scientific and industrial applications. A series of adsorption experiments have been conducted, including investigations of pH range, magnesium fluoride dose weights, initial concentration of the Rare earth elements (REEs) and adsorption time. An outstanding finding regarding magnesium fluoride as an adsorbent is that REEs were separated at pH 1 through ion exchange and at pH 4 through adsorption mechanisms, showing nearly identical uptake of 191 mg/g. Under optimal adsorption conditions, the REEs were adsorbed on magnesium fluoride with an uptake of 302.4 mg. The morphological traits of magnesium fluoride were characterized using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Kinetically, the adsorption of REEs on magnesium fluoride aligns with the pseudo-second-order model and exhibits a theoretical loading capacity of 310 mg/g. What’s more, isothermally, the adsorption of REEs corresponds to the Langmuir model and predicts a theoretical uptake of 305 mg/g. Interference studies indicate that magnesium fluoride is a promising adsorbent and exhibits notable selectivity. The study suggested that magnesium fluoride has shown a higher saturation capacity compared to other Group IIA fluorides. From a sustainability perspective, magnesium fluoride has been sourced from the Mediterranean Sea. This approach achieved a REEs separation capacity of 308.7 mg/g after implementing all the optimum sol-gel magnesium fluoride adsorption conditions.

Graphical Abstract
“Doing fractions” and “understanding fairness”: Examining the cultural scripts of a mathematics lesson through the eyes of Japanese and Malaysian educators
Authors: Sarkar Arani Mohammad Reza , Lander Bruce , Shibata Yoshiaki , Iksan Zanaton , Tan Shirley 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article analyzes Malaysian and Japanese educators’ reactions to a mathematics lesson observed by a subset of researchers. The main aims are to reveal the cultural scripts about mathematical learning that are held by, but often invisible to, members of a culture; and to address educators’ conceptions of teaching mathematics across cultures. This study’s emphasis is placed largely on understanding the logic behind the teaching scripts and the underlying epistemology of teacher pedagogical decisions. A qualitative analytical approach identifies the idea that focus on a single problem during a whole lesson enables opportunities for deeper learning (Japanese participants) or may be boring for students (Malaysian educators), and explores the value of, or problems associated with, extrinsic rewards. This research stands to make an important contribution, both through its novel method, and in its specific ideas about desirable qualities of mathematics lessons and how these might differ from the viewpoint of individual cultures.
The senolytic cocktail, dasatinib and quercetin, impacts the chromatin structure of both young and senescent vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: Gadecka Agnieszka , Nowak Natalia , Bulanda Edyta , Janiszewska Dorota , Dudkowska Magdalena , Sikora Ewa , Bielak-Zmijewska Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
One promising strategy to alleviate aging symptoms is the treatment with senolytics that is compounds which selectively eliminate senescent cells. Some therapies aim to reduce symptoms of cellular senescence without senescent cell eradication (senomorphic activity). However, senotherapies raise many questions concerning the selectivity, safety and efficiency of senolitic drugs. A vital question is how the senolytic compounds affect young proliferating cells. In our study, we checked the impact of quercetin and dasatinib (D + Q), one of the promising drug mixtures of drugs, on chromatin structure in young and senescent cells. We analyzed the effect of a single and triple drug treatment on vascular smooth muscle cells. We have shown that D + Q impacts the chromatin in both young and senescent cells. In senescent cells, D + Q caused some symptoms of chromatin “rejuvenation” but in young cells some changes characteristic of senescent cells were observed. The alterations in young cells appeared only transiently and chromatin returned to the initial state after 24 h of recovery. The complexity of chromatin staining and nucleus morphology evaluation indicated that a triple treatment makes senescent cells more similar to the young ones than a single treatment. However, the analysis of senescence markers suggested that a single treatment with D + Q caused slightly less pronounced senescence characteristics and was more efficient in alleviating the features of senescence than a triple treatment. It is still an open question whether the alterations caused by D + Q are beneficial or harmful in the long term; however, so far, it can be concluded that the effects depend on cell type and the physiological context.
Evidenzbasiert oder selbstkreiert?
Authors: Haller Janine Arabella , Knauf Rhea-Katharina 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Schulen haben viele Möglichkeiten Bullying präventiv zu begegnen, wobei aufgrund der Prävalenz und schwerwiegenden Folgen in den letzten Jahren einige Präventionsprogramme entwickelt wurden. Da es zur Implementierung dieser an Schulen nur wenige Bestandsaufnahmen gibt und die Wirksamkeit von Implementierungsfaktoren abhängt, soll die aktuelle Situation an Schulen im Rems-Murr-Kreis erfasst werden. Hierbei werden die Voraussetzungen und Schwierigkeiten aufgezeigt und Implementierungsbarrieren offengelegt.

Methode
In Hinblick auf Implementierungsfaktoren und -barrieren wurde ein vollstandardisierter Online-Fragebogen entwickelt, der in zwei Pretests optimiert wurde. Es wurden alle Sekundarschulen eines Landkreises per E‑Mail und telefonisch kontaktiert. Für die Auswertung konnten die Daten von 45 Schulen berücksichtigt werden.

Ergebnisse
In den vergangenen beiden Jahren wurden an 66,7 % der befragten Schulen Präventionsprogramme gegen Bullying umgesetzt, die größtenteils selbstkonzipiert waren. Insgesamt wurden die Voraussetzungen der Umsetzung, wie die Unterstützung durch die Schulleitung, als positiv beschrieben, während sich jedoch ein Bedarf an personellen und zeitlichen Ressourcen abzeichnete. Sowohl bei den selbstkonzipierten als auch bei den evidenzbasierten Programmen wurde nur selten eine Evaluation durchgeführt. Schulen, die bisher keine Programme umsetzten, meldeten in 64,3 % Bedarf hierzu an, wobei sich diese für die zukünftige Umsetzung Unterstützung durch geschultes Personal wünschen.

Schlussfolgerung
Es besteht eine deutliche Implementierungslücke für evidenzbasierte Programme. Dass Schulen einen deutlichen Bedarf für Prävention angaben, aber vermehrt selbstkonzipierte Programme eingesetzt wurden, verdeutlicht die Notwendigkeit, den Praxistransfer zu verbessern, um wissenschaftlich fundierte Programme an Schulen zu etablieren.
Volatile organic compounds of royal jellies obtained from honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies fed with different industrial sugars at different locations
Authors: Seker Ibrahim , Karlidag Semiramis , Akyol Abuzer , Yil Gulsah , Koseman Abdurrahman , Uyumlu Ayse Burcin , Erdogan Selim , Yilmaztekin Murat 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The aim of this study was to reveal differences in the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of royal jellies (RJs) produced by honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies fed with 3 different industrial sugars at 2 different locations. VOCs in the RJ samples were extracted via headspace-solid phase micro-extraction and analysed by gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry. In total, 46 compounds, including 3 esters, 14 alcohols, 5 acids, 1 aldehyde, 14 ketones, 3 lactones, 2 terpenes and 4 other compounds, were identified in the RJ samples obtained from honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies reared in Doğanşehir. A total of 45 compounds, including 3 esters, 14 alcohols, 5 acids, 1 aldehyde, 14 ketones, 4 lactones, 2 terpenes and 2 other compounds, were detected in the RJ samples obtained from honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies reared in the Uluköy location. It has been determined that different locations and different feeding conditions significantly affect the composition and amounts of volatile organic compounds in royal jelly.
Compartmental modeling for blood flow quantification from dynamic $$^{15}$$O-water PET images of humans: a systematic review
Authors: Rainio Oona , Klén Riku 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) can be used to non-invasively estimate the blood flow of different organs via compartmental modeling. Out of different PET tracers, water labeled with the radioactive

$$^{15}$$

15

O isotope of oxygen (half-life of 2.04 min) is freely diffusable, and therefore, very well-suited for blood flow quantification. While the earlier

$$^{15}$$

15

O-water PET research has primarily focused on cerebral or myocardial blood flow quantification, the recent emergence of total-body PET scanners has enabled greater application possibilities for both PET imaging in general and also

$$^{15}$$

15

O-water PET based blood flow quantification in particular. However, to validate new methods, it is necessary to compare them to earlier research. To help in this process, we systematically review 53 articles quantifying blood flow via compartmental modeling. We introduce the articles organized within subcategories of cerebral, myocardial, renal, pulmonary, pancreatic, hepatic, muscle, and tumor blood flow and summarize their results so that they can easily be evaluated in terms of population characteristics of the patients such as age or sex ratio and their potential diagnoses. We compare how both the compartment model used and the potential corrections for arterial blood volume, non-perfusable tissue, spill-over from the heart cavities, and time delay caused while the tracer travels between different areas of interest are generally implemented in the articles. We also analyze the differences in the data pre-processing techniques. According to our results, the estimates of cerebral and tumor blood flow vary considerably more between the articles than those of myocardial blood flow. This might be caused by differences in the model approaches or the study populations. We also note that the choice of the unit for these estimates is quite inconsistent as certain researchers seem to prefer mL/min/g over mL/min/mL even if no weight or density parameter is present in the modeling. We encourage more research on sex- and age-based differences in blood flow estimates and organ-specific blood flow quantification studies for kidneys, lungs, liver, and other important organs besides brain and heart.
Czech Version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA): Psychometric Evaluation and Network Model
Authors: Klocek Adam , Řiháček Tomáš , Cígler Hynek 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Interoceptive awareness is crucial in mental health research, yet the psychometric characteristics of the most commonly used tool to measure it, the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), have been underexplored, as the results of previous studies have been inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric characteristics of the Czech version of the tool (MAIACZ).

Method
Participants were sampled from seven clinical sites in the Czech Republic and the final sample consisted of 431 Czech clinical patients (75% women, M

age
= 39.20 ± 11.04 years), suffering from various psychiatric diagnoses. Patients were measured weekly across 8 weeks. A combination of factor analysis and network models was employed.

Results
Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the commonly used eight-factor structure of the MAIA, consistent with the original English version, though subscales Not distracting, Not worrying, and Noticing showed poor internal consistency. Invariance across gender, age, and measurement waves was confirmed using multigroup CFA. Convergence validity was established through correlations between MAIACZ subscales and measures of anxiety, depression, alexithymia, and symptom acceptance. A bootstrapped dynamic network model, conducted over 8 weekly measurement waves, showed the dynamic associations between MAIA subscales and its relation to wellbeing.

Conclusions
Contrary to the theoretical model, the temporal graph revealed that the main source nodes were related to the subjective mindset towards interoception, such as the tendency not to worry or distract from bodily signals, rather than the neutral perception of interoceptive stimuli. Well-being was also a prerequisite rather than a consequence of interoceptive awareness-related mechanisms. The Trusting subscale, which has received significant support for its predictive effects in previous literature, was found to be related to wellbeing primarily at the between-person level.
The future of cardiac repair: a review on cell-free nanotherapies for regenerative myocardial infarction
Authors: Kamal Nermeen H. , Heikal Lamia A. , Abdallah Ossama Y. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases as myocardial infarction (MI) represent a major cause for morbidity and mortality worldwide. Even though, patients who survive MI are susceptible to high risk of heart failure. This is mainly attributed to the major loss of cardiomyocytes and limited regenerative potential of myocardium. Despite the availability of various cardiovascular drugs, they fail to address the main cause of MI. The optimum therapeutic goal should therefore focus on enhancing cardiac regeneration through cellular and cell-free therapeutic approaches. This review focused on different mechanisms of cardiac regeneration that can be achieved via non-cellular therapeutic modalities. Passive and active targeting of the infarcted myocardium using various nanoparticles that can be loaded with growth factors, drugs or affordable natural products can reduce negative ventricular remodeling, infarct size and the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes. In addition, injectable biomaterials-based nanocomposite can be used as a scaffold to support infarcted heart and recruit cells. Innovative affordable and less invasive cell-free approaches can be implemented to enhance cardiac regeneration post MI.

Graphical abstract
A reduced labor, non-invasive method for characterizing small mammal communities
Authors: Cleary Katherine A. , Bonaiuto Vincenzo , Amulike Bridget , Pearson Jessica , Johnson Glenn 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We developed the BucketCam as a reduced-labor, non-invasive alternative to conventional approaches for characterizing small mammal communities. We conducted a field test at 14 sites in northern NY to compare the BucketCam to three other widely used small mammal trapping methods: Sherman traps, pitfall traps, and track plates. Our findings show that BucketCams have the highest detection frequency of any of the trap types, similar or higher estimates of species richness as the other trap types, and show relative abundance patterns comparable to those produced by the two live traps. However, in studies prioritizing detection of Soricidae and Talpidae, BucketCams should be paired with pitfall traps.