bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A robust platform for integrative spatial multi‐omics analysis to map immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in lung tissues
Authors: Tan Xiao , Grice Laura F. , Tran Minh , Mulay Onkar , Monkman James , Blick Tony , Vo Tuan , Almeida Ana Clara , da Silva Motta Jarbas , de Moura Karen Fernandes , Machado‐Souza Cleber , Souza‐Fonseca‐Guimaraes Paulo , Baena Cristina Pellegrino , de Noronha Lucia , Guimaraes Fernanda Simoes Fortes , Luu Hung N. , Drennon Tingsheng , Williams Stephen , Stern Jacob , Uytingco Cedric , Pan Liuliu , Nam Andy , Cooper Caroline , Short Kirsty , Belz Gabrielle T. , Souza‐Fonseca‐Guimaraes Fernando , Kulasinghe Arutha , Nguyen Quan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) virus has caused a devastating global pandemic of respiratory illness. To understand viral pathogenesis, methods are available for studying dissociated cells in blood, nasal samples, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and similar, but a robust platform for deep tissue characterization of molecular and cellular responses to virus infection in the lungs is still lacking. We developed an innovative spatial multi‐omics platform to investigate COVID‐19‐infected lung tissues. Five tissue‐profiling technologies were combined by a novel computational mapping methodology to comprehensively characterize and compare the transcriptome and targeted proteome of virus infected and uninfected tissues. By integrating spatial transcriptomics data (Visium, GeoMx and RNAScope) and proteomics data (CODEX and PhenoImager HT) at different cellular resolutions across lung tissues, we found strong evidence for macrophage infiltration and defined the broader microenvironment surrounding these cells. By comparing infected and uninfected samples, we found an increase in cytokine signalling and interferon responses at different sites in the lung and showed spatial heterogeneity in the expression level of these pathways. These data demonstrate that integrative spatial multi‐omics platforms can be broadly applied to gain a deeper understanding of viral effects on cellular environments at the site of infection and to increase our understanding of the impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 on the lungs.
Antibody‐mediated phagocytosis in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Van Wagoner Carly M. , Rivera‐Escalera Fátima , Jaimes‐Delgadillo Nydia C. , Chu Charles C. , Zent Clive S. , Elliott Michael R. 
Published: August 2023

SUMMARYUnconjugated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionized the treatment of many types of cancer. Some of these mAbs promote the clearance of malignant cells via direct cytotoxic effects. More recently, antibody‐dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP) has been appreciated as a major mechanism of action for a number of widely used mAbs, including anti‐CD20 (rituximab, obinutuzumab), anti‐HER2 (trastuzumab), and anti‐CD38 (daratumumab). However, as a monotherapy, these ADCP‐inducing mAbs produce insufficient levels of cytotoxicity in vivo and are not curative. As a result, these mAbs are most effectively used in combination therapies. The efficacy of these mAbs is further hampered by the apparent development of drug resistance by many patients. Here we will explore the role of ADCP in cancer immunotherapy and discuss the key factors that could limit the efficacy of ADCP‐inducing mAbs in vivo. Finally, we will discuss current insights and approaches being applied to overcome these limitations.
Experiencing restraint: A dialogic narrative inquiry from a service user perspective
Authors: Cusack Pauline , McAndrew Sue , Duckworth Jean , Cusack Frank , McKeown Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent decades concerns about violence and programs for the minimization of physical restraint, amongst other restrictive practices, have proliferated within mental health policy and practice. Whilst nurses are often called upon when violence occurs within mental health care settings, they often find themselves having the conflicting roles of caring and controlling. Within such situations it is service users, who are experts by experience, who perhaps can offer more meaningful insight into being restrained and thus provide a more appropriate approach in dealing with mental distress. This paper presents the findings of a narrative study of individuals' experiences of physical restraint within the mental health care system. In total 11 mental health service users, who had experienced physical restraint, were interviewed. Frank's (2010, Letting stories breathe: a socio‐narratology) guiding questions were used to undertake a dialogical narrative analysis of each story. For the purpose of this paper, four of the 11 stories are presented as these are representative of Frank's ‘quest narrative’. However, whilst studies from the service user perspective regarding restraint are scarce, findings are discussed in relation to the grand narrative of restraint. The dialogical relationship between individual stories and the dominant grand narrative implies that the former has the capacity to shape and review the latter within mental health care. Adding to the growing body of evidence of restraint from service users' perspectives could enable nurses to provide more appropriate and meaningful mental health care in times of mental distress. [238].
Expression analysis of candidate genes as indicators for commencing drought stress in starch potatoes
Authors: Wellpott Katharina , Straube Jannis , Winkelmann Traud , Bündig Christin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDrought stress is a major problem for potato production and will be of grave importance due to climate change and the resulting temperature peaks along with drought periods in the vegetative growth phase of potato. Plants, as sessile organisms, adapt to their environment morphologically as well as biochemically. To cope better with abiotic stresses like drought, plants developed strategies like reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification and fast reacting stomatal closure, as well as signalling cascades leading to a quick response to stress. This study aimed at analysing eight genes of interest, derived from a former proteomic study, and determining their suitability for detection of commencing drought stress in early growth stages of potato. For this aim, six starch potato genotypes, which differed in stress response in previous studies, were examined for plant growth and physiological parameters in two experiments in an open greenhouse after seven and 14 days of stress. Besides lower shoot biomass after drought stress, which was already visible after seven days and became stronger after 14 days, weaker root growth was also detected after 14 days. The observed differences between the experiments can presumably be explained by temperature peaks and high radiation prior to and during the first experiment, which took place earlier in the year. The expression of the eight genes was studied in young leaves of four genotypes after 7 days of water withdrawal. Gene expression patterns were dependent on the studied genes. Three genes, cell wall/vacuolar inhibitor of fructosidase (INH1), peroxidase 51‐like (POD) and subtilase family protein (SBT1.7) showed consistent changes in gene expression after seven days of stress between all genotypes. The INH1 gene was found to be upregulated in all genotypes in two independent experiments after drought stress. This correlates with the results at the protein level, where INH1 was also found to be higher abundant in two genotypes of potato (Wellpott et al., DGG‐Proceedings 10, 2021). Therefore, this gene might be an appropriate candidate for the detection of commencing drought stress in potato.
Party people: Differentiating the associations of partisan identification and partisan narcissism with political skill, integrity, and party dedication
Authors: Gronfeldt Bjarki , Cislak Aleksandra , Wyatt Madeleine , Cichocka Aleksandra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigated outcomes associated with different types of partisan identity in a sample of political candidates for parliament and local offices (N = 214). We distinguished partisan narcissism, a belief in the greatness of one's political party that is not appreciated by others, from partisan identification, feeling part of the party and evaluating it positively. We examined their links with self‐reported measures of politicians' functioning in their work: political skill, integrity, and party dedication. Partisan narcissism was associated with lower integrity in one's political role, meaning those high in partisan narcissism reported more inclination to engage in secrecy, deception, and political blood‐sport (behavior also known as politicking). Partisan narcissism did not predict party dedication: it was not associated with intentions to leave the party and volunteering in party activities, and in fact, it was linked to past membership in other political parties. Meanwhile, we found that partisan identification was associated with higher levels of political skill, while also predicting party dedication in that it predicted lower intentions to leave the party and volunteering in party activities but was unrelated to membership in other parties in the past. Cumulatively, these results suggest that partisan identification is associated with competence and dedication in politicians' work. Conversely, partisan narcissism seems to contribute to being cunning in the political arena and relates to more devious work habits that many find stereotypical of politicians.
SIRT6 mediated histone H3K9ac deacetylation involves myocardial remodelling through regulating myocardial energy metabolism in TAC mice
Authors: Wu Shuqi , Zhang Jiaojiao , Peng Chang , Ma Yixiang , Tian Xiaochun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPathological myocardial remodelling is the initial factor of chronic heart failure (CHF) and is induced by multiple factors. We previously demonstrated that histone acetylation is involved in CHF in transverse aortic constriction (TAC) mice, a model for pressure overload‐induced heart failure. In this study, we investigated whether the histone deacetylase Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), which mediates deacetylation of histone 3 acetylated at lysine 9 (H3K9ac), is involved pathological myocardial remodelling by regulating myocardial energy metabolism and explored the underlying mechanisms. We generated a TAC mouse model by partial thoracic aortic banding. TAC mice were injected with the SIRT6 agonist MDL‐800 at a dose of 65 mg/kg for 8 weeks. At 4, 8 and 12 weeks after TAC, the level of H3K9ac increased gradually, while the expression of SIRT6 and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) decreased gradually. MDL‐800 reversed the effects of SIRT6 on H3K9ac in TAC mice and promoted the expression of VEGFA in the hearts of TAC mice. MDL‐800 also attenuated mitochondria damage and improved mitochondrial respiratory function through upregulating SIRT6 in the hearts of TAC mice. These results revealed a novel mechanism in which SIRT6‐mediated H3K9ac level is involved pathological myocardial remodelling in TAC mice through regulating myocardial energy metabolism. These findings may assist in the development of novel methods for preventing and treating pathological myocardial remodelling.
Epigenetic histone modification by butyrate downregulates KIT and attenuates mast cell function
Authors: Gudneppanavar Ravindra , Sabu Kattuman Emma Elizabeth , Teegala Lakshminarayan Reddy , Southard Erik , Tummala Ramakumar , Joe Bina , Thodeti Charles K. , Paruchuri Sailaja 
Published: August 2023

AbstractShort‐chain fatty acid butyrate is produced from the bacterial fermentation of indigestible fiber in the intestinal lumen, and it has been shown to attenuate lung inflammation in murine asthma models. Mast cells (MCs) are initiators of inflammatory response to allergens, and they play an important role in asthma. MC survival and proliferation is regulated by its growth factor stem cell factor (SCF), which acts through the receptor, KIT. It has previously been shown that butyrate attenuates the activation of MCs by allergen stimulation. However, how butyrate mechanistically influences SCF signalling to impact MC function remains unknown. Here, we report that butyrate treatment triggered the modification of MC histones via butyrylation and acetylation, and inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. Further, butyrate treatment caused downregulation of SCF receptor KIT and associated phosphorylation, leading to significant attenuation of SCF‐mediated MC proliferation, and pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion. Mechanistically, butyrate inhibited MC function by suppressing KIT and downstream p38 and Erk phosphorylation, and it mediated these effects via modification of histones, acting as an HDAC inhibitor and not via its traditional GPR41 (FFAR3) or GPR43 (FFAR2) butyrate receptors. In agreement, the pharmacological inhibition of Class I HDAC (HDAC1/3) mirrored butyrate's effects, suggesting that butyrate impacts MC function by HDAC1/3 inhibition. Taken together, butyrate epigenetically modifies histones and downregulates the SCF/KIT/p38/Erk signalling axis, leading to the attenuation of MC function, validating its ability to suppress MC‐mediated inflammation. Therefore, butyrate supplementations could offer a potential treatment strategy for allergy and asthma via epigenetic alterations in MCs.
Machine learning for the prediction of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease during 3‐year follow up in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Ding Jinru , Luo Yingying , Shi Huwei , Chen Ruiyao , Luo Shuqing , Yang Xu , Xiao Zhongzhou , Liang Bilin , Yan Qiujuan , Xu Jie , Ji Linong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAims/IntroductionClinical guidelines for the management of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus endorse the systematic assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk for early interventions. In this study, we aimed to develop machine learning models to predict 3‐year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.Materials and MethodsClinical records of 4,722 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus admitted to 94 hospitals were used. The features included demographic information, disease histories, laboratory tests and physical examinations. Logistic regression, support vector machine, gradient boosting decision tree, random forest and adaptive boosting were applied for model construction. The performance of these models was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Additionally, we applied SHapley Additive exPlanation values to explain the prediction model.ResultsAll five models achieved good performance in both internal and external test sets (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve >0.8). Random forest showed the highest discrimination ability, with sensitivity and specificity being 0.838 and 0.814, respectively. The SHapley Additive exPlanation analyses showed that previous history of diabetic peripheral vascular disease, older populations and longer diabetes duration were the three most influential predictors.ConclusionsThe prediction models offer opportunities to personalize treatment and maximize the benefits of these medical interventions.
Impact of different Trichogramma chilonis populations from sugarcane fields on parasitism of Corcyra cephalonica
Authors: Qin Zhenqiang , Li Dewei , Luo Yawei , Cuthbertson Andrew G. S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTrichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is the most important parasitoid of sugarcane borers in China. T. chilonis are produced from either rearing on Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Hymenoptera: Galleriidae) eggs in the laboratory or at factory level and released into the field to control sugarcane borers in China. Limited reports on the efficacy of different populations of T. chilonis in the sugarcane field against C. cephalonica are available. This study reports the parasitism efficacy and functional response of different T. chilonis populations against C. cephalonica under laboratory conditions. The number of eggs parasitized by the laboratory population of T. chilonis (total 57.05 eggs) on C. cephalonica was the highest among the different populations investigated; parasitism by the Baise population was the lowest (total 21.30 eggs). The parasitoid emergence rate of T. chilonis Baise population on C. cephalonica (102.16%) was the highest among the different populations, whereas that from the C. cephalonica laboratory population was the lowest (84.73%). The sex ratio (female/male) of T. chilonis laboratory population (3.51) was significantly higher than the other three sugarcane field populations. The functional responses of T. chilonis on C. cephalonica were determined as Holling type II. The search rate of T. chilonis laboratory population (1.0392) parasitizing on the eggs of C. cephalonica was higher than other Trichogramma populations, whereas the handling time (0.00809) was shorter than that of the other populations. The results from this study indicate that the origin of the population of T. chilonis can affect its parasitic ability upon C. cephalonica; therefore, further evaluation for control efficacy of different populations of T. chilonis against sugarcane borers, especially in the field, is warranted.
Development of a species‐level field diagnostic kit for Nipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), an invasive and regulatory pest in the United States
Authors: Ahmed Muhammad Z. , Dorado Christina , von Ellenrieder Natalia , Quinn Nicole F. , Roda Amy , Schoeller Erich N. , McKenzie Cindy L. , Osborne Lance S. , Diepenbrock Lauren M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNipaecoccus viridis (Newstead) is an exotic pest currently limited to Florida and Texas in the continental USA. In a previous study, we tested 57 mealybug species in Florida and showed only N. viridis turned green in a potassium hydroxide solution (10% KOH), providing a rapid species confirmation test for all life stages. The unanswered question was whether the potassium in 10% KOH or its pH turned the mealybug's haemolymph green. We tested alternative solutions with different pHs in the laboratory and field conditions. We discovered that pH, not potassium, was turning the haemolymph green. A 5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution with a pH of 14 turned N. viridis haemolymph green in less than a minute. We discussed replacing 10% KOH with 5% NaOH in the field test and slide‐mounting to avoid potential hazards associated with KOH. In addition, we incorporated this solution into a field diagnostic kit and developed and tested the kit for commercial production systems in citrus and ornamental plant industries. This kit will aid in controlling N. viridis in the field and contribute to efforts to halt its further spread in Florida and the United States.
Influence of ceramic thickness and dental substrate on the survival rate and failure load of non‐retentive occlusal veneers after fatigue
Authors: Gierthmuehlen Petra C. , Spitznagel Frank A. , Koschate Maximilian , Bonfante Estevam A. , Prott Lea S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effect of ceramic thickness and dental substrate (enamel vs. dentin/enamel) on the survival rate and failure load of non‐retentive occlusal veneers.Materials and MethodsHuman maxillary molars (n = 60) were divided into five test‐groups (n = 12). The groups (named DE‐1.5, DE‐1.0, DE‐0.5, E‐1.0, E‐0.5) differed in their dental substrate (E = enamel, DE = dentin/enamel) and restoration thickness (standard: 1.5 mm, thin: 1.0 mm, ultrathin: 0.5 mm). All teeth were prepared for non‐retentive monolithic lithium‐disilicate occlusal veneers (IPS e.max Press, Ivoclar). Restorations were adhesively cemented (Syntac Classic/Variolink II, Ivoclar) and exposed to thermomechanical fatigue (1.2 million cycles, 1.6 Hz, 49 N/ 5–55°C). Single load to failure was performed using a universal testing‐machine. A linear‐regression model was applied, pairwise comparisons used the Student–Newman–Keuls method (p < 0.05).ResultsThree dentin‐based occlusal veneers (one DE‐1.0, two DE‐0.5) revealed cracks after fatigue exposure, which corresponds to an overall‐survival rate of 95%. Load to failure resulted in the following ranking: 2142 N(DE‐0.5) > 2105 N(E‐1.0) > 2075 N(E‐0.5) > 1440 N(DE‐1.5) > 1430 N(DE‐1.0). Thin (E‐1.0) and ultrathin enamel‐based occlusal veneers (E‐0.5) revealed high failure loads and surpassed the standard thickness dentin‐based veneers (DE‐1.5) significantly (p = 0.044, p = 0.022).ConclusionAll tested monolithic lithium disilicate occlusal veneers obtained failure loads above physiological chewing forces. Thin and ultrathin enamel‐based occlusal veneers outperformed the standard thick dentin‐based occlusal veneers.Clinical SignificanceMinimally invasive enamel‐based occlusal veneer restorations with non‐retentive preparation design may serve as a conservative treatment option.
R&D, Market Power, and the Cyclicality of Employment
Authors: AYSUN ULUC , GULDI MELANIE , HONIG ADAM , YOM ZEYNEP 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper provides a first look into the joint effects of research and development (R&D) and market power on the cyclicality of employment. It presents a theoretical model with R&D and monopolistically competitive firms which shows that firms smooth their R&D activities when they face large R&D adjustment costs. This smoothing behavior comes at the expense of higher labor volatility, and it is stronger for firms with high R&D intensity and low market power. Firm‐level data support these predictions. Dynamic panel estimations reveal that employment at competitive firms engaging in a high level of R&D is more procyclical.
Treating rosacea with botulism toxin: Protocol for a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: He Guanjin , Yang Qifeng , Wu Jin , Huang Yuanen , Zheng Huilan , Cheng Hongbin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundRosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease usually associated with persistent erythema and periodic flushing. This disease is difficult to treat, and the outcomes are often unsatisfactory and prone to recurrence. In recent years, botulinum toxin has been used as a new treatment for rosacea; however, its efficacy and safety remain under discussion. Although a systematic review of the effectiveness and safety of botulinum toxin has been previously conducted by other researchers, our systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluate the efficacy of botulinum toxin from a more comprehensive and detailed perspective to provide evidence for clinicians.MethodsAny study using botulinum toxin for the treatment of rosacea was considered for the analysis.ResultsA total of 22 studies were included, 9 of which were randomized controlled trials involving 720 subjects. After treatment, all studies showed varying degrees of improvement in patient signs and symptoms along with reduced Clinician's Erythema Assessment (CEA) scores. The improvement was maintained for several months, and the adverse effects were mild and self‐limiting.ConclusionBotulinum toxin may be an effective treatment for patients with rosacea; however, further clinical evidence is needed to confirm its long‐term efficacy and side effects. The study was preregistered with Prospero (CRD42022358911).