bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some Problems of Reproduction.—II
Authors: Hartog Marcus 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Recent researches on the utilisation of reserves in plants had shown that in every case examined a ferment or enzyme was present which, under suitable circumstances, could effect in vitro the same process, usually of hydrolysis, which the living organism performs. Thus, if the green cell, under the influence of light, accumulates starch as a reserve during the day, and this starch is removed as a soluble sugar during the night, a diastatic ferment can be isolated from these green cells, and will operate the same conversion. So, too, from germinating seeds we can extract a peptonising ferment which, like trypsin, will hydrolise proteids into peptones and beyond, yielding leucin, tyrosiu, and other amides, such as asparagin. From this consideration on the one hand, and from the observations of Krukenberg, Le Dantec, Miss Greenwood, and A. Dixon and myself on the digestive processes and ferments of Protista of animal habit, it appeared probable that in cases where a cell utilises the reserves stored up in its own interior, enzymes would also prove to be present.
Particle-Particle Collective Excitations of Sn isotopes
Authors: Taqi Ali H. , Saber Fahema  A. 
Published: August 2023

In this paper, energy-level schemes and reduced electric transition strengths of neutron-rich Tin isotopes 102, 110, 116, 120, 122Sn (Z=50) are studied using collective models, that is, particle-particle Tamm-Dancoff Approximation and particle-particle Random Phase Approximation. According to these models, the excited states of closed-core A+2 systems with multipolarity J and isospin T can be described as a linear combination of particle-particle pairs. In our investigation, the low-lying states of the investigated isotopes 102, 110, 116, 120, 122Sn are described by acting two-particle operators on a correlated core 100Sn, 108Sn, 114Sn, 118Sn, and 120Sn, respectively. The Hamiltonian is diagonalized within the model space include {1g7/2, 2d5/2, 2d3/2, 3s1/2 and 1h11/2} orbits, using the matrix elements of neutron-neutron interaction and modified surface delta interaction. The calculated values are checked by using the resultant eigenvalues and eigenvectors to calculate the excitation energies and reduced electric transition strengths. Our calculated results are compared to the available experimental data, and these comparisons led to reasonable agreements. Effective charges are also used to account for the core polarization effect.
Audio Encryption Framework Using the Laplace Transformation
Authors: Pirdawood Mardan A. , Kareem Shadman R. , Zahir Dashne Ch. 
Published: August 2023

Digital information, especially multimedia and its applications, has grown exponentially in recent years. It is important to strengthen sophisticated encryption algorithms due to the security needs of these innovative systems. The security of real-time audio applications is ensured in the present study through a framework for encryption. The design framework protects the confidentiality and integrity of voice communications by encrypting audio applications. A modern method of securing communication and protecting data is cryptography. Using cryptography is one of the most important techniques for protecting data and ensuring the security of messaging. The main purpose of this paper is to present a novel encryption scheme that can be used in real-time audio applications. We encrypt the sound using a combination of an infinite series of hyperbolic functions and the Laplace transform, and then decrypt it using the inverse Laplace transform. The modular arithmetic rules are used to generate the key for the coefficients acquired from the transformation. There is no loss of data or noise in the decryption sound. We also put several sound examples to the test
Exploring the Contributions of Artisans to the Cultural and Historical Identities of Wolaita People
Authors: Sana Santime Sagaye , Balcha Paulos , Haile Tensay , Tesfaye Eshetu , Moja Demisse , Haile Tesfaye , Shirko Abesha 
Published: August 2023

The objective this study is to explore the contributions of artisans, especially potters, smiths, and tanners, for historical and cultural identities of Wolaita people. The researchers used qualitative approach for data collection and analysis inline with study objectives. Observation, key informants interview, focus group discussions (FGD), and case study methods were used to collect field data and secondary data were collected from published and unpublished sources. The findings imply that artisans are producing the early hunting and gathering tools, agricultural and war implements, the earl local currency termed as Marccuwaa, cultural costumes, music, and musical implements and providing ceremonial services to the entire people of Wolaita. This confirms that artisans (potters, smiths, and tanners) play the pivotal roles for preservation and promotion of cultural and historical identities of Wolaita people. However, though the entire people are widely using artisan products as the part of their cultural and historical identities artisans were subjected to the existing marginalization and taking the lesser societal recognition. Because of this, artisans were socially disrespected, economically disadvantaged, and historically disfavored in the context of Wolaita. Therefore, the issue needs strategic approach to create societal awareness about the contribution of artisans to Wolaita people in general otherwise it is difficult to improve the life conditions of artisan groups. Not only this but also it will put the sustenance of cultural and historical identities of Wolaita people under question.
Effect of bonding conditions on mechanical performance of DP600 steels at different ambient temperatures
Authors: Çavuşoğlu Oktay , Bolova Işıl , Aydın Hakan , Kara Ali , Güzeldağ Berna , Dinkçi Haluk 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Adhesive bonding is used to join materials that are difficult to join with other joining methods. In this study, the effects of adhesive bonding curing conditions and different ambient conditions on the tensile shear loading process were investigated for dual-phase 600 steel materials that are widely preferred in the automotive industry. Steel sheets used in the automotive industry are exposed to environmental conditions at different temperatures. For this purpose, uniaxial tensile tests at different ambient temperatures were carried out to determine the mechanical properties of the adhesive bonded materials. The curing conditions affect adhesive mechanical properties. The lap shear strength decreased as the ambient temperature increased.
IRBESARTAN REDUCES LIVER DAMAGE INDUCED BY LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE VIA INHIBITION OF TOTAL OXIDANT STATUS, INTERLEUKIN-1B AND CASPASE-3 LEVELS
Authors: NURLU TEMEL Esra , AĞIRCA TAŞAN Şerife , İLHAN İlter 
Published: August 2023

Objective
In septic conditions, hyperinflammatory response
and hepatotoxicity are caused by oxidative stress,
inflammation, and apoptosis. Irbesartan (IB), an
adrenergic receptor blocker, has anti-inflammatory and
antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate
the protective effect of IB on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-
induced acute hepatotoxicity.
Material and Method
A total of eight rats were used in three groups; a control
group; LPS group [5 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (IP)];
and LPS + IB group [5 mg/kg LPS (IP) + 50 mg/kg IB
(orally)]. After sacrification, tissues from the liver and
blood were obtained for immunohistochemical and
biochemical evaluations, such as interleukin-1 beta
(IL-1β), caspase-3 (Cas-3) alanine aminotransferase
(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), oxidative
stress index (OSI), total oxidant status (TOS), and
total antioxidant status (TAS).
Results
Compared with the control group, increased AST
and ALT levels in the blood, biochemically increased
TOS and OSI and decreased TAS levels in the
tissue, immunohistochemically increased IL-1β, Cas-
3, detected. Also, in liver tissue, histopathologically
hyperemia, hemorrhage, vacuolization, and
significant neutrophilia infiltration were found in the
LPS group. IB administration significantly reversed
all these parameters. TAS levels were increased
by IB administration, whereas TOS and OSI levels
were decreased (p = 0.001). IB also decreased
AST and ALT values (p = 0.001). In the IB group,
Cas-3 and IL-1β levels were significantly decreased
by IB administration (p = 0.001). In addition, the
IB ameliorated histopathological findings showed
enhanced hyperaemia, haemorrhages, vacuolisation
and significant neutrophilic leukocyte infiltration
(p = 0.001). IB treatment attenuated LPS-induced
hepatotoxicity by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and
antiapoptotic properties.
Conclusion
Attenuating liver injury and restoring liver function lowers
morbidity and mortality rates in patients with sepsis.
IB protects liver tissue from hepatotoxicity caused by
LPS thanks to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and
anti-apoptotic properties. Further investigation of the
liver’s role in sepsis may lead to the development of
new therapeutic targets and strategies. IB may be
an alternative therapeutic agent for the prevention of
acute hepatotoxicity during sepsis.
Study on clinical presentation of malaria and response to antimalarial treatment in children less than twelve years
Authors: Goswami Priyanka , Pathak Gargi H. , Chauhan Anuya V. 
Published: August 2023

Background: In the tropical country of India, malaria in pediatric age group is one of the most important cause of mortality and morbidity. The study aimed to identify the clinicoepidemiologic features and response to antimalarial treatment in the children.
Methods: Prospective analytical study conducted for the same over the period of two years in tertiary care hospital (September 2019 to September 2021). All children under twelve years hospitalised with fever and were diagnosed to have malaria by Peripheral smear or RDT were included in the study after ethical clearance and parental consent. Total sample size was 90.
Results: Incidence of the malarial disease among total admitted patients in our study period was found to be 3.5%. The highest percentage of patients with malaria belonged to age group of 13m to 5 years (40%) and least being the age group 10-12years (7.7%). In study fever was found to be the major chief complaint followed by chills and rigor. Bleeding diathesis was least common It was found out from our study that overall most common clinical finding in the study patients was anemia or pallor with an overall of 35 patients (38.8%). Almost 73.3% (66) patients had anemia out of which 14.4% (13 patients) overall where found to have severe anemia and 27.7% (25) had moderate anemia and 31.1% (28 patients) had mild anemia. 27.7% (25) cases satisfied one or more WHO criteria for severe malaria.
Conclusions: The emergence of severe malaria caused by P. vivax could have significant implications in planning the malaria-control programmes for the community. The widespread use of ACT for severe malaria as per the guidelines of the WHO could result in the emergence of resistant parasite strains. It may be rational to continue the use of chloroquine for malaria due to P. vivax in chloroquine-sensitive areas. In places where both P. vivax and P. falciparum co-exist, measures need to be equally targeted to P. vivax to decrease morbidity and mortality due to severe malaria.
Inflammed appendix as a cause of incarcerated inguinal hernia in a neonate
Authors: Kadian Y. S. , Asati Shiva , Ali M. M. 
Published: August 2023

Inflamed appendix as a cause of incarcerated inguinal hernia is a rare presentation in any age group. Appendix as a content in an inguinal hernial sac was named after the French surgeon Claudius Amyand (c.1681-1740), who performed the first successful appendectomy, on an 11-year-old boy who presented with an inflamed, perforated appendix in his inguinal hernia sac. Treatment of this condition is herniotomy with its repair with or without appendectomy depending on its involvement (inflammation status). We are reporting the case, in which, the inflamed appendix was presented as incarcerated inguinal hernia. The management of Amyand’s hernia depends on the variability of involvement of the appendix however, in children and neonates, it is better to perform appendectomy during the hernia repair.
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor: True neoplasm vs hamartoma
Authors: Rawat Garima , Aiyer Hema Malini , Bhushan Bharat 
Published: August 2023

Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is an uncommon benign epithelial odontogenic tumor frequently involving the maxillary anterior region. It presents as an encapsulated slow growing lesion displacing the roots of associated teeth. The histopathological findings are characteristic and aid in diagnosis of this entity. We present a case of a 28 year old female who developed an expansile swelling in the anterior maxillary region which was reported as an Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor (AOT) post-surgical excision. This article discusses the hamartomatous vs true neoplastic nature of AOT along with histopathological findings.
Estudo da microdureza e das propriedades mecânicas de alumina sinterizada
Authors: Wolff Diva Maria Bessa , Borges Filipe Martel de Magalhães , Acchar Wilson , Maciel Theóphilo Moura 
Published: August 2023

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a microestrutura e a microdureza de uma alumina sinterizada a 1650<sup>o </sup>durante 2 horas.
Neurotoksyczność syntetycznych katynonów
Authors: Gabryel Bożena 
Published: August 2023

Syntetyczne katynony są grupą najczęściej identyfikowanych substancji psychoaktywnych o silnym efekcie stymulującym i wysokim potencjale uzależniającym. Obecnie uważa się, że zażywanie tych związków zwiększa ryzyko wystąpienia sporadycznych postaci chorób neurozwyrodnieniowych. W artykule przedstawiono aktualne poglądy dotyczące mechanizmów neurotoksycznego działania syntetycznych katynonów obejmujące: zaburzenia bariery krew-mózg, dysfunkcje mitochondriów, stres oksydacyjny, neurozapalenie i hipertermię. Dalsze poznanie komórkowych i molekularnych procesów leżących u podstaw neurotoksyczności i związanych z nią objawów klinicznych jest konieczne w opracowaniu strategii terapeutycznych do zapobiegania i leczenia schorzeń neuropsychiatrycznych wynikających z przyjmowania syntetycznych katynonów.
The sequence variation of mitochondrial tRNA tyrosine and cysteine among Iranian women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage: A case-control study
Authors: Mojodi Elham , Mehrjardi Alimohammad Mosadegh , Naeimzadeh Yasaman , Ghasemi Nasrin , Falahati Ali , Moshtaghioun Seyed Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

Background: Recurrent miscarriage is one of the most prevalent reproductive diseases. This phenomenon has several reasons, including maternal, hormonal, immunological, and parental genetic factors. Idiopathic recurrent miscarriage (IRM), with no distinctive etiology, involves about half of the recurrent miscarriage cases. Some mutations in mitochondrial DNA can lead to miscarriage. Mitochondrial tRNA (mt-tRNA) mutations cause nearly half of the mitochondrial disorders.
Objective: To identify mt- tRNACys & Tyr gene mutations in Iranian women with IRM.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 100 Iranian women with IRM and 100 women as control without any history of miscarriage were investigated by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism technique followed by gene sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis were done using human mitochondrial genome database, molecular evolutionary genetics analysis, mammalian mitochondrial-tRNA, etc.
Results: Results showed 4 mt-tRNA mutations including 1 cysteine mt-tRNA mutation (5824C>T) and 3 tyrosine mt-tRNA mutations (5868T>A, 5849C>T, and 5836T>C) in our cases.
Conclusion: Amongst the 4 mutations found, one was novel that is still not reported. Our bioinformatics analysis revealed that these mutations can be pathogenic. They occurred in tRNA-conserved regions and their secondary structure was changed, which can result in mitochondrial dysfunction. Mutations of these genes may help in the assessment of IRM. Further study of all 22 mt-tRNAs possible mutations is recommended to describe their etiologic role in IRM.
Key words: Recurrent early pregnancy loss, mtDNA, SNPs, Heteroplasmy.
Psychometric Properties of Persian Version of the Ottawa Self-Injury Inventory in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Akbari Valiollah , Vahedian Mostafa , Rahmatinejad Parvin 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) has high prevalence among the patients with psychiatric disorders. Self-Injury plays an important role in the treatment, prognosis and risk of suicide, which highlights the need for an appropriate tool to assess the nature and psychological functions of NSSI. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Ottawa Self-Injury inventory (OSI) in hospitalized patients.
Methods: The present study was a psychometric study based on analytical method. The research has been performed on 310 patients with non-suicidal self-injury who have been referred to Nekoei-Hedayati Hospital in Qom City. Sample group completed Persian version of the Ottawa Self-Injury inventory. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR).
Results: The results showed that content validity index in this study was more than 0.75 and content validity ratio for validity of questions was more than 0.79. The impact score of all items (Except for the tenth question) was higher than 1.5 that confirmed the face validity of inventory. The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated 0.71. Another result of this study was that 52% of patients reported at least one addictive characteristic.
Conclusion: The finding showed that Persian version of Ottawa Self-Injury inventory has appropriate validity (face /content) and reliability in the inpatient population
Effect of Exercises in Water and Thera-Band on the Electrical Activity of Lower Limb Muscles in People with Pronated Foot During Walking: A Clinical Trial Study
Authors: Piri Ebrahim , Barghamadi Mohsen , Farzizadeh Reza 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The ankle joint is one of the most vulnerable joints in the body due to weight bearing. Pronated foot is one of the most common complications of the lower limbs. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of exercise protocol in water and theraband on the electrical activity of lower limb muscles in people with pronate foot during walking.
Methods: The present research was a clinical trial study that was conducted in a semi-experimental and laboratory. The participants of the present study included 45 students of University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran, who had pronated foot. They were selected purposefully and divided into three equal groups. The age range of the subjects was 18-25 years. To measure the electrical activity muscles of lower limbs, it was recorded using an electromyography device. Electromyography data were analyzed using biometric datalite program. In addition, analysis of variance with repeated measurements and bonferroni post hoc test was used, and the significance level was P≤0.05.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between time*group activity of the gastrocnemius (P=0.001) and semitendinosus (P=0.046) in the three groups of training in water, theraband and control during the heel contact phase. Therefore, using the appropriate post hoc test (LSD), it was shown that the activity of the gastrocnemius muscle in the post-test compared to the pre-test in the group of training in water (P<0.001; d=6.08) and theraband (P<0.001; d=3.66) had a significant increase of 24.03 and 16.46%, respectively. The activity of the semitendinosus muscle in the post-test compared to the pre-test in the water training group (P=0.041; d=4.98) and theraband (P=0.048; d=4.76) had a significant increase of 21.06 and 19.01%, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the present study, it seems that doing exercises in water and thera-band can play an effective role in improving the range of electrical activity of the muscles on lower limbs of people with pronated foot during walking. In addition, according to the effect size, it was found that training in water had a better effect on the activity of the gastrocnemius and semi tendinosus compared to thera-band.
Case series of Anaerococcus prevotii infection in road traffic accidents in New Delhi, India
Authors: Kirti Madhavi , Sharma Bhawna , Kumar Kundan 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Anaerobic bacteria are part of the normal human skin flora. However, anaerobic infections could have different clinical courses with outcomes ranging from local abscesses to life-threatening conditions. Any long-term wound infection or a wound discharging pus with a foul smell is an indication of anaerobic infections. We present here a series of three cases of infection in patients injured in road traffic accidents (RTA) in which Anaerococcus prevotii was identified as the pathogen.
Samples isolated from tissues of patients from three different RTAs were received in anaerobic conditions in Robertson Cooked Meat medium (RCM) within 2-4 h of collection. RCM was incubated for 24 h and then inoculated on three blood agars (BA) plates cultured anaerobically in a Gas Pack Jar, in a CO2 incubator, or aerobically. No growth was noted on the aerobically incubated plate. After 48 h, anaerobic plates were examined for growth and a Gram stain was performed. The identity of isolated colonies was confirmed by VITEK-2, and sensitivity testing was done by the pour plate method using Epsilon meter strips. All three tissue samples isolated from (1) the right leg, (2) the right inguinal region, and (3) the left thigh of patients revealed Anaerococcus prevotii, and two isolates showed resistance to the antibiotic metronidazole.
Any injury with long-term infection, especially in patients suffered from RTAs, needs to be scrutinized for anaerobic infections since they are common in RTA related injuries. No random medication should be administered without prior culture sensitivity testing, because it might contribute to metronidazole or other antibiotics resistance.