bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field-aligned scale length of depleted structures associated with post-sunset equatorial plasma bubbles
Authors: Xiong Chao , Lühr Hermann 
Published: January 2023

In this study we make use of the Swarm counter-rotation constellation for estimating the typical scale length of the post-sunset equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) along fluxtubes. The close approaches between Swarm spacecraft near the equator occurred in September and October 2021, covering the magnetic local time from 19:00 to 23:00, which is favorable for the occurrence of EPBs. It is the first time to show the quasi-simultaneously samplings by Swarm A/C and B of the same fluxtube but at different altitude. The observations frequently reveal plasma density depletions only at one spacecraft altitude, confirming that EPBs extend only over finite parts of the fluxtube. Based on a statistical analysis of double and single EPB detections on the same fluxtube, our results imply the typical field-aligned scale length of the depletion structures associated with EPBs of the order of 550 km. Our detections are from the lower part of the depleted fluxtubes, and they coincide well with the latitudes of the equatorial ionization anomaly. In the upper part of the fluxtube near the magnetic equator, our estimation technique does not work well because of too large field-aligned spacecraft separation of the Swarm satellites.
Konkremente des Tränenapparates
Authors: Stein Marlene , Bethmann Daniel , Viestenz Arne , Wickenhauser Claudia , Struck Hans-Gert , Heichel Jens 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungKonkremente des Tränenapparates, sog. Dakryolithen, können an unterschiedlichen Lokalisationen auftreten und führen zu verschiedenen klinischen Zeichen. Gemeinsam ist das Auftreten
chronischer Entzündungen, die akut exazerbieren können. Anhand einer Literaturrecherche sowie deskriptiver Vorstellung und Korrelation der Klinik mit histopathologischen Befunden sollen die
wichtigsten Informationen zur Epidemiologie, Ätiopathogenese, Zusammensetzung, Histologie und Therapie gegeben werden. Weiterhin werden die bekannten Einflussfaktoren zur Lithogenese im
Tränensack zusammengefasst. Konkremente der Tränendrüse zeigen eine Schwellung im Bereich des lateralen Kanthus. Die häufig nur mit leichten Schmerzen einhergehende Veränderung führt oft
auch zu einer umschriebenen konjunktivalen Hyperämie. Histologisch ist das Gewebe der Tränendrüse von einer akut-erosiven bis chronischen Entzündungsreaktion gekennzeichnet. Die Konkremente
bestehen aus amorphem Material. Das entzündliche Infiltrat ist von neutrophilen Granulozyten dominiert. Tränenröhrchensteine sind in hohem Maße mit dem klinischen Bild einer chronischen
Kanalikulitis assoziiert. Klinisch liegen zumeist eine Epiphora und ein purulenter Sekretausfluss im Bereich des betroffenen Tränenröhrchens vor. Die Konkremente der Tränenröhrchen weisen
typischerweise Actinomyces-Drusen auf. Das umgebende Gewebe reagiert mit einer plasmazellulären sowie granulozytären Infiltration. Dakryolithen (Konkremente des Tränensackes) manifestieren
sich im Rahmen einer Dakryozystitis, wobei hier sowohl akute als auch chronische Entzündungen vorkommen. Sie werden in bis zu 18% der Dakryozystorhinostomien gefunden und stellen eine große
diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Wiederkehrende episodenhafte Epiphora mit mukopurulenter Sekretion und akuter Dakryozystitis sind typisch. Zumeist besteht eine Spülbarkeit der ableitenden
Tränenwege. Histologisch imponiert ein lymphozytäres Infiltrat mit submuköser Fibrose. Unmittelbar angrenzend zu den Konkrementen finden sich Zeichen einer akuten Entzündungsreaktion. Das
therapeutische Mittel der Wahl ist die Extraktion der Konkremente und die Beseitigung der Tränenabflussstörung, da hierin ein wichtiger Faktor zur Entstehung gesehen wird.
Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty: Minimizing Complications and Correction of Lower Eyelid Malposition
Authors: Sobti Manvi , Joshi Naresh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLid retraction is a feared complication of lower blepharoplasty. Anatomical variations like negative orbital vector, horizontal lid laxity, and preexisting lid retraction are more prone to lid malpositions. Meticulous and precise execution of a series of surgical steps is key to preventing complications. This includes minimizing surgical trauma, meticulous hemostasis, preserving innervation to the medial lid and pretarsal orbicularis, safe method of fat excision, septal tightening while maintaining lid traction, and conservative and titrated skin excision. Canthal fixation addresses lid laxity and maintains the lid stretched vertically while postoperative healing and fibrosis are taking place. Post-blepharoplasty lid retraction may occur due to failure to address lid laxity and the occurrence of middle lamellar fibrosis. Excessive skin excision may also result in anterior lamellar deficiency. The “sag and drag” concept is useful to evaluate the post-blepharoplasty retracted lid. The treatment of the retracted lid includes lid massage, replacing the anterior lamella, or releasing the middle lamellar fibrosis or a combination of techniques. In conclusion, understanding the mechanisms of lid retraction, careful preoperative assessment, and surgical precision will help surgeons to prevent and manage this complication.
Exploring the impact of functional, symbolic, and experiential image on approach behaviors among state-park tourists from India, Korea, and the USA
Authors: Singh Nripendra , Yu Jongsik , Ariza-Montes Antonio , Han Heesup 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study provides insights into the influence of state park image, visitor emotions, and place identity on visitors’ revisit intentions by considering the moderating impact of national culture. A quantitative process with the data collected in India, Korea, and the US was used. Hierarchical regression analysis evidences the moderating role of national culture, which is hardly explored in the state park context. Results confirm that most hypotheses are fully or partially accepted, which suggests that brand image and national culture influence visitor intention. This study helps practitioners better understand the relevance of national culture in developing appropriate visitor attraction/retention strategies.
Multimodal manifestation of ta’ârof in Persian
Authors: Farahandouz Farbod , Moallemi Shima 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present research investigates the multimodal aspect of ta’ârof, a politeness ritual essential in many interpersonal interactions in Persian. We studied the opening sequences of interactions in an Iranian talk show to illustrate how gestures are used to express self-lowering and other-raising strategies between the host of the show and his guests. To analyze our corpus, we used NEUROGES® coding system to annotate gestures. Three categories of gestures (on body, on person, and egocentric deictic) were investigated and the results showed that they all have a pragmatic performative function and contribute to the meaning construction of ta’ârof in greeting sequences. In addition, age and gender have been identified as influential factors in the use of gesture to express politeness in Persian.
Within-speaker accommodation behavior in apology-centered interactions
Authors: Ibrahim Omnia , Hübscher Iris 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present study explores the extent to which vocal accommodation in conflicting situations can be explained by socio-pragmatic factors such as interpersonal relationships (i.e., politeness) and pragmatic events occurring in apology-centered interactions. A total of 28 dyadic conversations where 14 target speakers (8 males and 6 females) interacted in apology-centered role-plays with a status superior and a friend interlocutor were annotated phonetically, orthographically, pragmatically and analyzed separately. Accommodation was measured with the difference-in-distance paradigm comparing the first and last 30% of the conversations. The main results indicate that the conversations with a status superior are characterized by more divergent behavior than the conversations with a friend. These findings suggest that interpersonal power dynamics between interlocutors could serve as a predictor for accommodation behavior.
Perceptual changes between adults and children for multimodal im/politeness in Japanese
Authors: Shochi Takaaki , Rilliard Albert , Erickson Donna 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Japanese im/politeness attitudes are conveyed by audiovisual prosody in tandem with lexical markers. This chapter reports on two experiments about the acquisition by Japanese elementary school children of prosodic codes and social categories. The first experiment studied the perceived degree of politeness and its social use, and the second, the perceived similarity between the expressivities conveyed in pairs of expressions. An analysis of the audiovisual performances showed the types of changes in pitch and range in line with symbolic frequency and effort codes. The perceptual results showed that children learn to use and recognize im/polite expressions in a socially adequate fashion between 6 to 10 years old, thus showing an underlying growing cultural coherence gained with age.
Multimodal markers of irony in televised discourse
Authors: Lehmann Claudia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses multimodal features of two ironic constructions (Tell me about it and syntactically independent as if clauses) in television discourse. The results of the quantitative analysis show that a slower tempo, gaze aversion, raised eyebrows, smiles and head movements are features of ironic Tell me about it, while a lowered mean pitch, a pause after the clause and head tilts are more frequent with syntactically independent as if clauses. Furthermore, a subtype of independent as if clauses is distinguished, which is marked by a faster tempo, a pause before the clause, but no pauses within, and raised eyebrows. These results suggest that verbal irony is marked differently depending on the function the ironic construction fulfils.
“He offered an apologetic smile”
Authors: Jucker Andreas H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This contribution focuses on the multimodal aspects of apologies. In terms of politeness and face management, apologies are ambivalent. They are redressive and indicate a concern for the hearer, but they also include a certain amount of self-blame and thus threaten the speaker’s own positive face. Narrative descriptions of apologetic gestures were retrieved from the
Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) through the collocation profiles of apology expressions. Such gestures may occur in isolation without a spoken apology, or they may occur together with a more or less explicit apology. In many cases, the apologetic gesture helps to discursively negotiate the severity of an event that may have been perceived as an offence and the speaker’s responsibility for it.
Classification of cervicogenic dizziness
Authors: Sung Yun-Hee 
Published: January 2023

Objective
Cervicogenic dizziness is currently excluded from diagnosis because of the insufficient understanding of the causes underlying this condition. To solve this problem, it is necessary to understand the cause of cervicogenic dizziness.

Methods
Literature research in PubMed and google scholar.

Results
The total number of included studies was 59.

Conclusion
Cervicogenic dizziness is a topic of debate. Among patients with dizziness, some patients frequently complain of lightheadedness, headache, and pain along with dizziness rather than true vertigo. Many clinicians mention that representative symptoms of cervicogenic dizziness are difficult to identify because these symptoms may be caused by other diseases. This study explained the causes of cervicogenic dizziness by dividing them into three categories (neuro-vascular problem, spine disease and soft tissue problems caused by with or without trauma) and six factors (sympathetic dysfunction, vertebrobasilar insufficiency, cervical degenerative disease, rheumatoid arthritis, accidents with trauma, and abnormal posture without trauma).
Comparative investigation of semipolar (11–22) GaN grown on patterned (113) Si with different V/III ratios via MOCVD
Authors: Mao Bangyao , Xing Shu’an , Zhao Guijuan , Wang Lianshan , Zhang Ning , Du Hailong , Liu Guipeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report on the growth of high-quality semi-polar (11–22) GaN with a smooth surface on a patterned Si (113) substrate by delicately tuning the V/III ratio in a three-step approach. The 2 μm wide stripe SiO2 is first prepared by photolithography on the Si (113), and trenches were etched in Si (113) using KOH to expose Si (1–11) sidewalls. Subsequently, an AlN layer is grown on the (1–11) surface to prevent Ga-melting back etching, finally a high-temperature GaN layer and a low-temperature GaN layer are deposited. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the sample with V/III ratio for each step is 700/1500/1500 has the most smooth surface, and atomic force microscopy also showed that the root means square of the sample was only 5.2 nm (2 μm × 2 μm). The orientation of the GaN are examined by high resolution x-ray diffraction. In addition, x-ray rocking curve not only proved that GaN has anisotropy, but also demonstrated the existence of strain in the samples. The room temperature Raman and photoluminescence spectra confirmed the strain in the samples and showed a very low density of basal plane stacking faults.
Soliton solutions of coupled resonant Davey-Stewartson system and modulation instability analysis
Authors: Onder Ismail , Secer Aydin , Bayram Mustafa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, coupled resonant Davey-Stewartson (CRDS) system is studied. The resonant concept is quite important in fluid dynamics, magneto-acoustic waves and plasma physics. CRDS system models the two-wave propagation with periodic wave patterns and short-long wave propagation. Our primary aim is obtaining soliton solutions of this important CRDS system via generalized F-expansion method (GFEM) and auxiliary equation method (AEM). As a result of the application of the aforementioned methods to the model, soliton solutions both known in the literature and a rare type have been obtained. We obtained dark, bright, periodic-singular, two-dark and two-bright soliton solutions. Also, two-dark and two-bright soliton solutions are quite rare soliton types according to the literature research. The 3D and contour graphics of the obtained soliton solutions were drawn. On the other hand, we did modulation instability (MI) analysis on obtained solutions and according to the MI analysis, obtained results are clearly stable. As far as we know, the relevant methods were applied for the first time to this model. Again, modulation instability analysis was performed on the model for the first time. Therefore, the study includes innovative reviews and conclusions.
Detailed studies on structural, morphological, optical, magnetic and mossbauer properties of Cu-substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Ergin İ , İçin K , Güngüneş H , Özçelik B 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this research, the effect on the morphology, structure, optic, magnetic and Mossbauer features of Cu2+ doping in Co1−xCuxFe2O4 (x = 0.0–1.0) nanoparticles fabricated using the sol-gel auto-combustion reaction method were investigated. The mainly pure phase structure of Co-spinel was observed in x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. The sizes of crystal were observed in between 28.77–36.25 nm. The fundamental vibrational bands of the nanoparticles have been found at 426 and 602 cm−1 wavelengths via the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum. The most of Co2+ ions are located at the A site and that substitution by Cu+2 ions at the octahedral site for x = 0.0, 0.25, and 0.50. for x = 0.75 content, the Mössbauer results show that some Cu2+ ions are present in both A and B sites. Magnetization measurements at room temperature show that Cu2+ substitution into Co-ferrite significantly changes the magnetic quantities such as coercivity field (Hc), remnant (Mr) and saturation magnetization (Ms). Magnetic hysteresis curves obtained at room temperature show well-known S-shaped features for all nanoparticles with Ms values of 51.5–64.4 emu g−1, Mr values of 31–36 emu g−1 and H

c
values of 429.5–1447.8 Oe.
Kinetically driven thermal roughening of semiconductor surfaces: experiment on GaAs and Monte Carlo simulation
Authors: Kazantsev D M , Akhundov I O , Kozhuhov A S , Khoroshilov V S , Shwartz N L , Alperovich V L , Latyshev A V 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present the results of GaAs annealing experiments in the conditions near equilibrium, which clarify the reasons of the transition from surface smoothing to roughening at temperatures above 650 °C. The roughening is due to kinetic instabilities arising under deviation of annealing conditions towards growth or sublimation. These instabilities reveal themselves in appearing islands (for sublimation) and pits (for growth) of multilayer heights and depths, respectively. The islands and pits appear due to the motion of atomic steps through surface spots, at which sublimation and growth are suppressed. Pinning of the steps at these spots also lead to step bunching at surfaces with sufficiently small terrace widths. This explanation is consistent with Monte Carlo simulations of atomic processes on the GaAs surface. The similarity and distinctions in surface roughening under sublimation and growth, along with the role of Schwöbel barrier, are discussed. Annealing experiments in the cavities, which are formed by GaAs substrates with well-controlled atomic step densities enabled us to clarify the roughening mechanisms and to improve the efficiency of GaAs thermal smoothing technique by increasing smoothing temperature up to 775 °C.
Characterization of structural, dynamic, optoelectronic, thermodynamic, mechanical and thermoelectric properties of AMgF3 (A = K or Ag) fluoro-perovskites compounds
Authors: Sâad Essaoud Saber , Al Azar Said M , Mousa Ahmad A , Masharfe Riad S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Born effective charges Z(i),β α

*, dielectric tensors ε

α,β
and the dynamic stability for AgMgF3 and KMgF3 compounds were treated based on the harmonic and quasi-harmonic theory implemented in phonopy code. The band gap for both compounds, and the effective masses of electrons and holes are calculated at different pressures using the TB-mBJ (GGA) approximation within the framework of the density functional theory. Furthermore, absorption coefficient, refractive index, extinction coefficient, reflectivity, and optical conductivity, for both compounds, were calculated. On the other hand, we studied the nature of atomic bonds by the topological distribution of the charge density as well as computing the effective charge of each atom based on the Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) as implemented in Bader code, therefore the ionic type for bonds was explored. The mechanical stability was verified the elastic behavior at the equilibrium ground-state for both compounds. Thermal properties such as heat capacity at constant volume, entropy, Debye temperature, and thermal expansion coefficient are treated depending on the quasi-harmonic model. They are examined under both pressure and temperature influences. The thermoelectric properties of the compound AgMgF3 showed a high figure of merit (ZT) reached 0.75 at a temperature of 300 K in the case if it was grafted with a concentration of 1021 cm−3 of n-type.
General high-order lump solutions and their dynamics in the Levi equations
Authors: Zhang Qing , Tang Yaning , Zhang Yetong , Wang Yan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
General high-order lump solutions are derived for the Levi equations based on the Hirota bilinear method and Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) hierarchy reduction technique. These lump solutions are given in terms of Gram determinants whose matrix elements are connected to Schur polynomials. Thus, our solutions have explicit algebraic expressions. Their dynamic behaviors are analyzed by using density maps. It is shown that when the absolute value of one group of these internal parameters in the lump solutions is very large, lump solutions exhibit obvious geometric structures. Interestingly, we have shown that their initial and middle state solutions possess various exciting geometric patterns, including hexagon, decagon, tetradecagon, etc and other quasi-structures in addition to the standard triangle, pentagon type patterns. Because the internal parameters are not complex conjugates of each other, the dynamic behaviors of solutions are richer. These results make several contributions to the current literature and have a number of important implications for further analysis of fluid dynamics in non-homogeneous media.
Electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of halide double perovskites Rb2AgInX6 (X = Cl, Br, I)
Authors: Hnuna Lai , Pachuau Z 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the last decades, lead-based perovskites have been substantially investigated due to their superior efficiency in photovoltaics. However, owing to the harmful effect of lead, the search for other environmentally friendly materials is vital. Recently, halide double perovskites have gained attention due to their environmental friendliness and potential applications in solar cells and thermoelectric devices. The energy gap, optical and thermoelectric parameters of Rb2AgIn(Cl/Br/I)6 halide double perovskites compounds were investigated using Wien2k and BoltzTraP2 code based on DFT. The energy gap was 2.62 eV, 1.74, and 0.56 eV for Rb2AgIn(Cl/Br/I)6 at the Γ-points, which were direct bandgaps. More states were localized near the upper valence band, closer to the fermi energy, than near the lower conduction band, suggesting that Rb2AgIn(Cl/Br/I)6 was p-type. The fundamental edge of absorption arises at 2.48 eV, 1.67 eV, and 0.45 eV for Rb2AgIn(Cl/Br/I)6. The optical bandgaps calculated using the Tauc plot were 2.59 eV, 1.7 eV, and 0.49 eV for Rb2AgIn(Cl/Br/I)6. The first absorption band illustrates that these halide double perovskite compounds show high

α

ω

in the visible spectrum, with maximum absorption in the UV region. The Seebeck coefficient was positive, indicating the presence of p-type carriers. The calculated hole concentrations at room temperature were 3.08 × 1020 cm−3, 1.72 × 1020 cm−3, and 8.37 × 1019 cm−3 for Rb2AgInCl6, Rb2AgInBr6 and Rb2AgInI6 respectively. Large Seebeck coefficients with high thermoelectric efficiencies (greater than unity at room temperature) were observed for these halide double perovskites compounds.
Effective field theory of magnetogenesis identify necessary and sufficient conditions
Authors: Kushwaha Ashu , Naskar Abhishek , Nandi Debottam , Shankaranarayanan S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
At astrophysical and cosmological scales, there is a detectable amount of magnetic field. There are several probable origins for this observed magnetic
field, including the possibility of its origin in the early Universe. There are several models for primordial magnetogenesis, and if the inflationary background is taken into account, broken conformal invariance is required to generate a sufficient amount of magnetic field. The breaking of conformal invariance is introduced either by new couplings
between electromagnetic field and inflaton field or including higher derivative terms to the theory.
As a step to unify these different approaches in the literature, we propose an Effective Field Theory (EFT) approach based on expansion about the Hubble parameter (H) and its derivatives, where EFT parameters describe the magnetogenesis scenario in the early Universe, and different choices of parameters correspond to different models.
We explicitly show that the generation of primordial magnetic fields requires two necessary conditions — conformal invariance breaking and causal propagation. While broken conformal invariance is a common requirement for primordial magnetogenesis, for the first time, we show that causal propagation is also a necessary condition. We confirm this by considering a specific model of primordial magnetogenesis.