bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Honeybee visitation to shared flowers increases Vairimorpha ceranae prevalence in bumblebees
Authors: Zbrozek Maryellen , Fearon Michelle L. , Weise Chloe , Tibbetts Elizabeth A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVairimorpha (=Nosema) ceranae is a widespread pollinator parasite that commonly infects honeybees and wild pollinators, including bumblebees. Honeybees are highly competent V. ceranae hosts and previous work in experimental flight cages suggests V. ceranae can be transmitted during visitation to shared flowers. However, the relationship between floral visitation in the natural environment and the prevalence of V. ceranae among multiple bee species has not been explored. Here, we analyzed the number and duration of pollinator visits to particular components of squash flowers—including the petals, stamen, and nectary—at six farms in southeastern Michigan, USA. We also determined the prevalence of V. ceranae in honeybees and bumblebees at each site. Our results showed that more honeybee flower contacts and longer duration of contacts with pollen and nectar were linked with greater V. ceranae prevalence in bumblebees. Honeybee visitation patterns appear to have a disproportionately large impact on V. ceranae prevalence in bumblebees even though honeybees are not the most frequent flower visitors. Floral visitation by squash bees or other pollinators was not linked with V. ceranae prevalence in bumblebees. Further, V. ceranae prevalence in honeybees was unaffected by floral visitation behaviors by any pollinator species. These results suggest that honeybee visitation behaviors on shared floral resources may be an important contributor to increased V. ceranae spillover to bumblebees in the field. Understanding how V. ceranae prevalence is influenced by pollinator behavior in the shared floral landscape is critical for reducing parasite spillover into declining wild bee populations.
Synthesis and Biological Profiling of Benzofuro‐Fused 7‐Deazapurine Nucleosides
Authors: Yang Chao , Tichý Michal , Poštová Slavětínská Lenka , Vaiedelich Enzo , Gurská Soňa , Džubák Petr , Hajdúch Marián , Hocek Michal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA series of benzofuro‐fused 7‐deazapurine (6H‐furo[2,3‐e]pyrimido[4,5‐b]indole) 2’‐deoxyribo‐ and ribonucleosides was designed and synthesized. The synthesis of key compound 10‐chloro‐6H‐furo[2,3‐e]pyrimido[4,5‐b]indole was based on the Negishi cross‐coupling of iodobenzofurane with zincated 4,6‐dichloropyrimidine followed by azidation and photochemical cyclization. Glycosylation of the heterocycle with either Hoffer's chlorodeoxyribose or protected ribose followed by cross‐coupling or substitution reactions at position 10 gave the desired two sets of final nucleosides that showed moderate to weak cytostatic activity and interesting fluorescence properties.
Exploitation of bis(tert‐butylaminomethyl)pyridine as a chemical modifier in a carbon paste electrode for sensitive and selective potentiometric determination of Al3+ ion in pharmaceutical and water samples
Authors: Ali Aya E. , Mohamed Asmaa M. , Zayed M. A. , Omar M. M. , Mohamed Gehad G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe fabrication of a novel bis(tert‐butylaminomethyl)pyridine pincer ligand‐based ionophore in a carbon paste electrode (CPE) matrix for Al3+ ions was investigated. With a Nernstian slope of 20.05±0.27 mV decade−1 and a low detection limit of 1.0×10−7 mol L−1, the electrode demonstrated an excellent response for the Al3+ ion over a broad concentration range from 1.0×10−7 to 1.0×10−1 mol L−1. The formula for the graphite paste that produced the greatest results was 69.44 % graphite, 27.78 % tricresyl phosphate (TCP) binder, and 2.78 % ionophore. This pincer ligand‐based electrode worked well with aqueous Al3+ solutions that had pH values between 2.5 and 5.5. It may be used for at least 4 months without any detectable potentials digression and has a reasonably quick response time (5 s). The suggested graphitic paste electrode demonstrated strong Al3+ ion selectivity over a broad range of other cations. The isothermal coefficient of the electrode, which was determined to be 0.2884×10−3 V °C−1, was calculated by looking at the impact of test solution temperature on electrode potentials. The suggested electrode was also applied to non‐aqueous media with an aqueous‐non‐aqueous volume ratio of up to 75 : 25. The data acquired using this CPE as an indicator electrode for the potentiometric measurement of Al3+ ions in several actual samples was equivalent to that attained using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).
Temperature‐mediated diffusion of nanoparticles in semidilute polymer solutions
Authors: Qu Heng‐Chao , Yang Yi , Cui Zhi‐Chao , Wang Dong , Xue Chun‐Dong , Qin Kai‐Rong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe temperature is often a critical factor affecting the diffusion of nanoparticles in complex physiological media, but its specific effects are still to be fully understood. Here, we constructed a temperature‐regulated model of semidilute polymer solution and experimentally investigated the temperature‐mediated diffusion of nanoparticles using the particle tracking method. By examining the ensemble‐averaged mean square displacements (MSDs), we found that the MSD grows gradually as the temperature increases while the transition time from sublinear to linear stage in MSD decreases. Meanwhile, the temperature‐dependent measured diffusivity of the nanoparticles shows an exponential growth. We revealed that these temperature‐mediated changes are determined by the composite effect of the macroscale property of polymer solution and the microscale dynamics of polymer chain as well as nanoparticles. Furthermore, the measured non‐Gaussian displacement probability distributions were found to exhibit non‐Gaussian fat tails, and the tailed distribution is enhanced as the temperature increases. The non‐Gaussianity was calculated and found to vary in the same trend with the tailed distribution, suggesting the occurrence of hopping events. This temperature‐mediated non‐Gaussian feature validates the recent theory of thermally induced activated hopping. Our results highlight the temperature‐mediated changes in diffusive transport of nanoparticles in polymer solutions and may provide the possible strategy to improve drug delivery in physiological media.
Credit scoring prediction leveraging interpretable ensemble learning
Authors: Liu Yang , Huang Fei , Ma Lili , Zeng Qingguo , Shi Jiale 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCredit scoring models based on machine learning often need to work on accuracy and interpretability in practical applications. Original KCDWU has a more prominent adaptive property but ignores intra‐class and inter‐class distances in the clustering process, resulting in the possibility of inaccurate identification of class features and cluster structure of data, which compromises the clustering effect. Therefore, we improve the automatic K‐means clustering based on the Calinski–Harabasz index, thus achieving a clustering output for improved results. We also scrutinize representative five single classification models and six ensemble learning models for credit scoring prediction. We empirically test the superior performance of ensemble learning models and identify the best model CatBoost by comparing them based on multiple evaluation indicators. Empirical results reveal that the SHAP method conforms well to CatBoost and delivers a global and local interpretation of the predictions. This work provides financial institutions with a promising candidate for interpretable credit scoring models.
Identification of Favorable Silica Surface Sites for Single‐Molecule Magnets
Authors: Bernhardt Moritz , Lätsch Lukas , Le Guennic Boris , Copéret Christophe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIndustrial data storage application based on single‐molecule magnets (SMMs) necessitates not only strong magnetic remanence at high temperatures but also requires the implementation of SMMs into a solid material to increase their durability and addressability. While the understanding of the relationship between the local structure of the metal and the resulting magnetic behavior is well understood in molecular systems, it remains challenging to establish a similar understanding for magnetic materials, especially for isolated lanthanide sites on surfaces. For instance, dispersed Dy(III) ions on silica prepared via surface organometallic chemistry exhibit slow magnetic relaxation at low temperatures, but the origin of these properties remains unclear. In this work, we modelled ten neutral complexes with coordination numbers (CN) between three and six ([Dy(OSiF3)3(O(SiF3)2)CN‐3]) representing possible surface sites for dispersed Dy(III) ions and investigated their SMM potential via ab initio CASSCF/RASSI‐SO calculations. Detailed analysis of the data shows the strong influence of the spatial position of the anionic ligands while the neutral ligands only play a minor role for the magnetic properties. In particular, a T‐shape like orientation of the anionic ligands is predicted to exhibit good SMM properties making it a promising targeted coordination environment for molecular and surface‐based SMMs.
Spatiotemporal ecosystem services: Response to structural changes (A case study in Lahijan, Iran)
Authors: Sadat Mahdis , Salehi Esmail , Amiri Mohammad Javad , Ehsani Amir Houshang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Structure and function are the inherent characteristics of each ecosystem providing various services such as clean air, extreme weather mitigation, and mental and physical well-being. The objective of this study is to develop a unified model combining Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services, ecological network (EN), and correlation analysis to investigate changes in ecosystem structure, function, and process. In this context, carbon sequestration, soil reduction, and flood risk mitigation were quantified from 2000 to 2020 and predicted for 2040 using the cellular automata and Markov chain (CA-Markov) model. Finally, correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship over time between the land use (LU) classes and the components of the forest EN that provide and exchange desired ecosystem services (ESs). Thus, the changes in LU in the region in recent years led to significant reduction of ESs in the region as well as changes in the interaction between services. These changes, on the one hand, reduced the area of cores and increased isolated forest patches and, on the other hand, led to the horizontal expansion of cities and agricultural lands. If this trend continues, the decline in services provided by the ecosystem will persist into the future. Consequently, it can be said that structural changes in the ecosystem can lead to changes in the ESs. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:1099–1111. © 2023 SETAC
Key Points
We present an integrated model to investigate structural, functional, and process changes caused by land use and land cover changes in the regions where natural and pristine ecosystems have close and complex interactions with built-up ecosystems. We evaluated the structural changes related to land use change and its role in ecosystem functioning through changes in ecosystem services by selecting ecosystem services that reflect land use, land cover, vegetation, and ecological network change and soil conditions. We propose that the role of land use in changing ecosystem services represents another difference between this study and similar studies. We forecast the quantity of ecosystem services for future years as a basis for planning.
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of the Drug–Drug Interaction Between CYP3A4 Substrate Glasdegib and Moderate CYP3A4 Inducers in Lieu of a Clinical Study
Authors: Callegari Ernesto , Tse Susanna , Doran Angela C. , Goosen Theunis C. , Shaik Naveed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGlasdegib (DAURISMO) is a hedgehog pathway inhibitor approved for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) has been identified as a major metabolism and clearance pathway for glasdegib. The role of CYP3A4 in the clearance of glasdegib has been confirmed with clinical drug–drug interaction (DDI) studies following the coadministration of glasdegib with the strong CYP3A4 inhibitor ketoconazole and the strong inducer rifampin. To evaluate potential drug interactions with CYP3A4 modulators, the coadministration of glasdegib with a moderate CYP3A4 inducer, efavirenz, was evaluated using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling using the Simcyp simulator. The glasdegib compound file was developed using measured physicochemical properties, data from human intravenous and oral pharmacokinetics, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion studies, and in vitro reaction phenotyping results. The modeling assumptions, model parameters, and assignments of fractional CYP3A4 metabolism were verified using results from clinical pharmacokinetics (PK) and DDI studies with ketoconazole and rifampin. The verified glasdegib and efavirenz compound files, the latter of which was available in the Simcyp simulator, were used to estimate the potential impact of efavirenz on the PK of glasdegib. PBPK modeling predicted a glasdegib area under the concentration–time curve ratio of 0.45 and maximum plasma concentration ratio of 0.75 following coadministration with efavirenz. The PBPK results, in lieu of a formal clinical study, informed the drug label, with the recommendation to double the clinical dose of glasdegib when administered in conjunction with a moderate CYP3A4 inducer, followed by a resumption of the original dose 7 days post‐discontinuation.
Green synthesis of new quinolinoquinazoline derivatives via one‐pot multicomponent reactions using ZnO/TiO2@MWCNTs as a new nanocatalyst
Authors: Hasani Leila , Ezzatzadeh Elham , Hossaini Zinatossadat 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA ZnO/TiO2@MWCNTs nanocomposite as an effective catalyst was employed for generating quinolinoquinazoline derivatives in high yields. These new compounds were synthesized by using multicomponent reaction of quinoline, isothiocyanate, 6‐amino‐2‐(prop‐1‐en‐2‐yl)‐1H‐indole‐5‐carbaldehyde, primary amines, and dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in aqueous media. It should be mentioned that the high performance of nanocatalyst was synthesized by using water extract of Aloe vera, which was utilized in these reactions for many times to confirm the reusability of nanocatalyst. The antioxidant property of new synthesized quinolinoquinazoline was evaluated by two procedures. Also, the antimicrobial activity of newly generated quinolinoquinazoline was evaluated by disk distribution process utilizing two kinds of Gram‐negative bacteria and Gram‐positive bacteria, proving bacterial growth was stopped by using of these compounds. Applied to the preparation of quinolinoquinazoline derivatives, this method has short reaction times, high product yields, and the ability to separate catalyst and product using simple procedures.
Outcomes and predictors of survival for tracheal cancer
Authors: Desai Nidhi , Zambetti Benjamin R. , Wong Denise L. , Schachter Aubrey E. , Judge Nathan P. , Valaulikar Ganpat S. , Ng Thomas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionPrimary tracheal cancer is uncommon, with poor survival. While surgical resection is the mainstay of therapy, the role of chemotherapy and radiation is poorly defined. We aimed to study the impact of treatment modalities on survival.MethodsPatients with primary tracheal cancer were identified from the National Cancer Database over 12 years, 2004–2015. Patient characteristics, tumor characteristics, treatment modalities, and survival were recorded. Factors associated with survival were assessed using Cox Regression.ResultsOf the 1726 patients identified, 59% were male, 83% White race, 62% had a comorbidity index of zero, median age 64 years, median tumor size 2.7 cm, and median survival was 28.5 months (89 months for patients undergoing surgical resection). Cox Regression for all patients found adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) (p < 0.001), radiation (p < 0.001), and surgical resection (p < 0.001) to be associated with improved survival, while increasing age (p < 0.001) decreased survival. For patients receiving resection, ACC (p < 0.001) was associated with improved survival, while increasing age (p < 0.001) and positive margins (p = 0.002) were associated with worse survival. For R0 resections, ACC (p < 0.001) was associated with improved survival, while increasing age (p < 0.001) decreased survival, with chemotherapy and radiation having no impact. For R1/2 resections, ACC (p < 0.001) and radiation (p < 0.001) were associated with improved survival, while increasing age (p < 0.001) decreased survival, with chemotherapy having no impact on survival.ConclusionsPrimary tracheal cancer is highly lethal, with surgical resection leading to the best chance of survival. For patients undergoing resection, radiation provided survival benefits for R1/2 but not R0, while chemotherapy did not impact survival regardless of margin status.
Evaluation of Non‐Compressive Transvaginal Cervical Elastography as a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker in Pregnancy
Authors: Janssen Matthew K. , Koelper Nathan , Weatherby Michele , Werth Christina , Schwartz Nadav 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesNon‐compressive strain elastography has been proposed as a novel quantitative imaging biomarker for assessing the structure and function of the cervix. The current study aims to assess the repeatability, and intra‐ and inter‐observer reliability of transvaginal non‐compressive cervical strain elastography in a clinical setting.MethodsWe conducted a dual‐phase single‐center prospective feasibility study of singleton gestations >16‐weeks gestation that required a clinically‐indicated transvaginal ultrasound. Each study participant, n = 43 in phase 1 and n = 13 in phase 2, had elastography performed by two trained observers that each performed multiple image acquisitions. We performed a multivariable regression to adjust for changes in clinical characteristics between study phases and calculated the repeatability coefficients, limits of agreement, and intraclass correlations for each quantitative elastography parameter. We compared quantitative elastography parameters to cervical length measurements, acquired from the same images.ResultsThe repeatability coefficients and percent limits of agreement were wide for all of the quantitative elastography parameters, demonstrating poor repeatability. Intraclass correlation coefficients were poor–moderate for both intra‐observer (0.31–0.77) and inter‐observer reliability (0.35–0.77) in both study phases, while cervical length showed excellent reliability with intraclass correlations consistently >0.90.ConclusionsNon‐compressive transvaginal strain cervical elastography did not demonstrate adequate repeatability or reliability. Our results highlight the importance of rigorously assessing novel quantitative imaging biomarkers before clinical application.
The leguminous Hedysarum shrubs effectively drive the diversity and structural composition of soil bacterial community through rhizocompartments in the process of desertification reversal
Authors: Zhou Ziyuan , Wang Genzhu , Yu Minghan , Gao Guanglei , Ding Guodong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to assess the impact of vegetation restoration measures on the soil microbial community in degraded land via assessing the structural changes and diversity of soil bacterial communities and their response to environmental variables in the rhizocompartments (i.e., intershrub bulk soil, rhizosphere soil, and roots) of two legumes (Hedysarum scoparium and Hedysarum mongolicum) in Mu Us Desert, China. The bacterial diversity and soil physicochemical characteristics were studied using high‐throughput 16S rRNA genome sequencing and traditional soil physicochemical indices, respectively. The rhizocompartment types and plant species jointly affected the alpha and beta diversities of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and non‐rhizosphere soil; however, rhizocompartments played a dominant role (P < 0.05). Compared with the network of root endophytes, the bacterial network in the rhizosphere soil exhibited increased total nodes, total links, harmonic geodesic distance, and modularity indices, and the structure was more complex. The root endophytic community was primarily impacted by soil nutrients (particularly nitrogen and soil organic carbon), whereas bacterial communities of bacteria in the nonrhizosphere and rhizosphere soil were significantly impacted by ammonium nitrogen and soil pH because of the response of the core bacterial taxa to soil physicochemical properties. These findings revealed that plant restoration techniques drive desertification reversal via altering the composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities. This study provided new insights regarding the ecological restoration of degraded lands in deserts.
Performance contests and merit pay with empathic employees
Authors: Fabel Oliver , Mauser Sandra , Zhang Yingchao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the behavioral responses of employees who are endowed with empathic abilities to different institutional designs of incentive pay. Empathic abilities motivate altruistic behavior by sensing the other's feelings toward oneself. In performance contests, empathic individuals withhold effort, most (less) strongly when facing a non‐empathic (empathic) contestant. Effort levels of both non‐empathic and empathic individuals increase with a higher probability that the contestant is of their own type. By developing a theoretical model, our analysis contributes to understanding observed individual behavior in experiments and corresponding econometric evidence. With direct merit pay, effort choices only depend on the signaling quality of the performance measure. Individuals with stronger empathic abilities may shy away from performance contests to, instead, receive merit pay. If gender governs empathic abilities, setting incentives by performance contests cannot simultaneously ensure equal pay and equal opportunities.
A single layered high‐gain digital metasurface reflectarray antenna for millimeter wave applications
Authors: Bashir Gazali , Singh Amit K. , Dubey Ankit 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA high‐gain digital metasurface reflectarray antenna for 5G FR‐2 band is presented in this letter. The digital metasurface reflector is composed of single‐layered phase quantized meta‐bit unit cell elements. The metabit consists of a split square integrated with a circular ring. Two discretized phase states are obtained by varying the dimensions of the split square and the circular ring, which mimic the metabit‐0 and metabit‐1, respectively. A digital metasurface reflectarray having dimensions of 5.3  5.3 operating in the frequency range of 37–39 GHz is designed, fabricated, and characterized. A linearly polarized antipodal vivaldi antenna spatially feeds the digital metasurface reflectarray. A maximum measured gain of 19.1 dBi is obtained at 38 GHz, with an aperture efficiency of 23%.