bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acupuncture ameliorates Mobile Phone Addiction with sleep disorders and restores salivary metabolites rhythm
Authors: Yang Hong , Yang Kun , Zhang Lu , Yang Ni , Mei Ying-Xiu , Zheng Ya-Li , He Yan , Gong Yan-Ju , Ding Wei-Jun 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesMobile Phone Addiction (MPA) is a novel behavioral addiction resulting in circadian rhythm disorders that severely affect mental and physical health. The purpose of this study is to detect rhythmic salivary metabolites in MPA with sleep disorder (MPASD) subjects and investigate the effects of acupuncture.MethodsSix MPASD patients and six healthy controls among the volunteers were enrolled by MPA Tendency Scale (MPATS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), then the salivary samples of MPASD and healthy controls were collected every 4-h for three consecutive days. Acupuncture was administered for 7 days to MPASD subjects, then saliva samples were collected again. Salivary metabolomes were analyzed with the method of LC-MS.ResultAccording to our investigation, 70 (57.85%) MPA patients and 56 (46.28%) MPASD patients were identified among 121 volunteers. The symptoms of the 6 MPASD subjects were significantly alleviated after acupuncture intervention. The number of rhythmic saliva metabolites dropped sharply in MPASD subjects and restored after acupuncture. Representative rhythmic saliva metabolites including melatonin, 2′-deoxyuridine, thymidine, thymidine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate lost rhythm and restored after acupuncture, which may attribute to promising MPASD treatment and diagnosis biomarkers. The rhythmic saliva metabolites of healthy controls were mainly enriched in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, whereas polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis was mainly enriched in MPASD patients.ConclusionThis study revealed circadian rhythm characteristics of salivary metabolites in MPASD and that acupuncture could ameliorate MPASD by restoring part of the dysrhythmia salivary metabolites.
The outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and the current trend of surgical treatment in young women with breast cancer: A multicenter real-world study (CSBrS-012)
Authors: Li Yijun , Chen Heyan , He Jianjun , Fan Zhimin , Zhang Huimin 
Published: February 2023

Background and objectivesThe relationship between age and the outcome of breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains controversial, and little is known about the choice of surgical treatment for young patients. In this multicenter real-world study, we sought to analyze the outcome of NAC as well as the current status and trend of surgical decision-making after NAC in young breast cancer patients.MethodsThe medical records of patients from 20 hospitals in different regions of China were collected retrospectively. The study population included females diagnosed with cT1-4N0-3M0 breast cancer who received NAC from January 2010 to December 2020.ResultsA total of 9,643 eligible patients were included, 1,945 (20.2%) of whom were ≤40 years old. Young patients tend to have a higher tumor stage and a higher proportion of Luminal B and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumors compared with the &gt;40-year-old group. The breast pathological complete response (pCR) rate in the young group was 20.3%, and Luminal B tumor was more likely to obtain pCR in young patients. The implementation rate of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and breast reconstruction surgery was higher in young patients and tended to increase over time. In different regions of China, there were great differences in the choice of surgical treatment after NAC among young patients.ConclusionBreast cancer in young women has unique clinical characteristics, but age does not affect the overall pCR rate. In China, the BCS rate after NAC is increasing over time but is still at a low level.
Standardized tools for assessing balance and mobility in stroke clinical practice guidelines worldwide: A scoping review
Authors: dos Santos Renato B. , Fiedler Annabelle , Badwal Anchal , Legasto-Mulvale Jean Michelle , Sibley Kathryn M. , Olaleye Olubukola A. , Diermayr Gudrun , Salbach Nancy M. 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundUse of standardized tools to assess balance and mobility limitations is a recommended practice in stroke rehabilitation. The extent to which clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for stroke rehabilitation recommend specific tools and provide resources to support their implementation is unknown.PurposeTo identify and describe standardized, performance-based tools for assessing balance and/or mobility and describe postural control components challenged, the approach used to select tools, and resources provided for clinical implementation, in CPGs for stroke.MethodsA scoping review was conducted. We included CPGs with recommendations on the delivery of stroke rehabilitation to address balance and mobility limitations. We searched seven electronic databases and grey literature. Pairs of reviewers reviewed abstracts and full texts in duplicate. We abstracted data about CPGs, standardized assessment tools, the approach for tool selection, and resources. Experts identified postural control components challenged by each tool.ResultsOf the 19 CPGs included in the review, 7 (37%) and 12 (63%) were from middle- and high-income countries, respectively. Ten CPGs (53%) recommended or suggested 27 unique tools. Across 10 CPGs, the most commonly cited tools were the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) (90%), 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) (80%), Timed Up and Go Test (80%) and 10-Meter Walk Test (70%). The tool most frequently cited in middle- and high-income countries was the BBS (3/3 CPGs), and 6MWT (7/7 CPGs), respectively. Across 27 tools, the three components of postural control most frequently challenged were underlying motor systems (100%), anticipatory postural control (96%), and dynamic stability (85%). Five CPGs provided information in varying detail on how tools were selected; only 1 CPG provided a level of recommendation. Seven CPGs provided resources to support clinical implementation; one CPG from a middle-income country included a resource available in a CPG from a high-income country.ConclusionCPGs for stroke rehabilitation do not consistently provide recommendations for standardized tools to assess balance and mobility or resources to facilitate clinical application. Reporting of processes for tool selection and recommendation is inadequate. Review findings can be used to inform global efforts to develop and translate recommendations and resources for using standardized tools to assess balance and mobility post-stroke.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://osf.io/, identifier: 10.17605/OSF.IO/6RBDV.
A user-generated content analysis of tourists at wildlife tourism attractions
Authors: Kredens Claire , Vogt Christine A. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionCaptive wildlife tourism is an increasingly complex subsector of ecotourism due to the varying degrees of care given to the animals, interpretation or education provided, and tourist expectations of potential interaction with the animals. Two recent tourism trends are the growing wildlife tourism sphere of ecotourism and the increased use of social media in both marketing and for tourists to share their experiences. In scientific literature, the connection between social media and tourism was largely under-studied, and tourist behavior on Instagram after visiting wildlife tourism attractions (WTAs) has not been studied. Some researchers call for more tourism research using social media data created by tourists, called user-generated content (UGC), to understand tourist behaviors.MethodsThis netnographic study examines tourists who visited a WTAs by analyzing their post-visit photos and captions on Instagram through the lens of involvement theory to evaluate the strength of their connection to wildlife and conservation. Previous research indicated wildlife tourism can have extraordinary benefits to conservation and communities, but some WTAs, some of which are photo-prop tourism attractions where animals are handed over to tourists for close-contact selfies, produce negative impacts on individual animals and entire species due to illegal sourcing, improper care, human interaction, and habituation.ResultsFindings from this study suggest WTAs with good or excellent conservation and welfare practices were found to lead to more highly involved tourists, ultimately benefitting community investment, animal welfare, and conservation efforts via the flow of tourist dollars and spread of information on social media, the tourist changing their behavior, or all the aforementioned. Conversely, WTAs with negative conservation and welfare practices were found not to foster the same level of tourist involvement as their counterparts, often leading to more anthropocentric Instagram posts that do not spread conservation messaging or imply appropriate tourist-animal interactions.DiscussionThe implications from this research suggest that WTA management practices should move toward a model focusing on conservation-themed interpretation, education, and positive animal welfare for the improvement of conservation efforts within wildlife and eco-tourism. Such models should keep up with evolving sustainability, responsible, and regenerative practices adopted by the tourism and outdoor recreation industry.
Comparison of discover cervical disc arthroplasty and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for the treatment of cervical degenerative disc diseases: A meta-analysis of prospective, randomized controlled trials
Authors: Wang Ziqi , Luo Gan , Yu Hongwei , Zhao Hui , Li Tianhao , Yang Houzhi , Sun Tianwei 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety between Discover cervical disc arthroplasty (DCDA) and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) in Cervical degenerative disc diseases.MethodsTwo researchers independently conducted a search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails (CENTRAL) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) following the Cochrane methodology guidelines. A fixed-effects or random-effects model was applied based on different heterogeneity. Review Manager (Version 5.4.1) software was used to perform data analysis.ResultsA total of 8 RCT studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results indicate that the DCDA group had a higher incidence of reoperation (P = 0.03) and a lower incidence of ASD (P = 0.04) than the CDA group. There was no significant difference between two groups regarding NDI score (P = 0.36), VAS ARM score (P = 0.73), VAS NECK score (P = 0.63), EQ-5D score (P = 0.61) and dysphagia incidence (0.18).ConclusionDCDA and ACDF have similar results in terms of NDI scores, VAS scores, EQ-5D scores, and dysphagia. In addition, DCDA can reduce the risk of ASD but increases the risk of reoperation.
Predictive equations for dietary energy are improved when independently developed for dry and wet food which could benefit both the pet and the environment
Authors: Jewell Dennis E. , Jackson Matthew I. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionMeasuring energy availability through metabolizable energy feeding studies is the “gold standard” for establishing metabolizable energy concentration. However, predictive equations are often used to estimate metabolizable energy in dog and cat pet foods. The goal of this work was to evaluate the prediction of energy density and compare those predictions to each other and the energy needs of the individual pets.MethodsFeeding studies used 397 adult dogs and 527 adult cats on 1,028 canine and 847 feline foods. Individual pet results for the estimate of metabolizable energy density were used as outcome variables. Prediction equations were generated from the new data and compared to previously published equations.Results and discussionOn average the dogs consumed 747 kilocalories (kcals) per day (SD = 198.7) while cats consumed 234 kcals per day (SD = 53.6). The difference between the average prediction of energy density and the measured metabolizable energy varied from the modified Atwater prediction 4.5%, 3.4% (NRC equations), 1.2% (Hall equations) to the new equations calculated from these data at 0.5%. The average absolute values of the differences between measured and predicted estimates in pet foods (dry and canned, dog and cat) are: 6.7% (modified Atwater), 5.1% (NRC equations), 3.5% (Hall equations) and 3.2% (new equations). All of these estimates resulted in significantly less variation in the estimate of the food expected to be consumed than the observed variation associated with actual pet consumption to maintain body weight. When expressed as a ratio of energy consumed to metabolic body weight (weight in kilograms3/4) the within species variation in energy consumed to maintain weight was still high as compared to the energy density estimates variance from measured metabolizable energy. The amount of food offered as the central point in a feeding guide, based on the prediction equations, would on average result in an average variance between 8.2% error in the worst case estimate (feline dry using modified Atwater estimates) and approximately 2.7% (the new equation for dry dog food). All predictions had relatively small differences in calculating food consumed when compared to the differences associated with the variation in normal energy demand.
Benchmark study for evaluating the quality of reference genomes and gene annotations in 114 species
Authors: Park Sinwoo , Lee Jinbaek , Kim Jaeryeong , Kim Dohyeon , Lee Jin Hyup , Pack Seung Pil , Seo Minseok 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionFor reference genomes and gene annotations are key materials that can determine the limits of the molecular biology research of a species; however, systematic research on their quality assessment remains insufficient.MethodsWe collected reference assemblies, gene annotations, and 3,420 RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data from 114 species and selected effective indicators to simultaneously evaluate the reference genome quality of various species, including statistics that can be obtained empirically during the mapping process of short reads. Furthermore, we newly presented and applied transcript diversity and quantification success rates that can relatively evaluate the quality of gene annotations of various species. Finally, we proposed a next-generation sequencing (NGS) applicability index by integrating a total of 10 effective indicators that can evaluate the genome and gene annotation of a specific species.Results and discussionBased on these effective evaluation indicators, we successfully evaluated and demonstrated the relative accessibility of NGS applications in all species, which will directly contribute to determining the technological boundaries in each species. Simultaneously, we expect that it will be a key indicator to examine the direction of future development through relative quality evaluation of genomes and gene annotations in each species, including countless organisms whose genomes and gene annotations will be constructed in the future.
Validation of the Perceived Phubbing Scale to the Argentine Context
Authors: Etchezahar Edgardo , Durao Marian , Albalá Genol Miguel Ángel , Muller Mariela 
Published: February 2023

In recent years, the increased use of mobile devices has changed social dynamics. One such change is the rise of phubbing, described as the behavior of ignoring someone in order to pay attention to one’s cell phone. The purpose of this research was to validate the Perceived Phubbing Scale (PPS) and examine its relationship with other psychological variables. An Argentine sample was composed of 1608 participants aged between 18 and 65 (M = 45.59; SD 14.03), with 51.6% identifying as female. They were provided with a phubbing scale, along with scales to measure emotional disconnection, fear of missing out (FoMO) and social exclusion, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results indicated that the PPS showed an adequate fit to the data, based on a structure of one factor (X2 (20) = 259.353, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.958; IFI = 0.958; RMSEA = 0.089) and the internal consistency (α = 0.93), resulting in a nine-item scale. Participants with high or medium levels of phubbing showed a tendency to suffer FoMO or feel socially excluded or socially isolated. We did not find differences in the levels of phubbing related to the participant’s age, gender, or socioeconomic level. It is possible to conclude that PPS can be used as a reliable measure to evaluate perceived phubbing in Argentina. Implications of the variables studied are discussed as possible predictors of phubbing and are to be considered in its approach.
Effects of Different Nanoparticles on Microbes
Authors: Niu Bin , Zhang Gengxin 
Published: February 2023

Nanoparticles widely exist in nature and may be formed through inorganic or organic pathways, exhibiting unique physical and chemical properties different from those of bulk materials. However, little is known about the potential consequences of nanomaterials on microbes in natural environments. Herein, we investigated the interactions between microbes and nanoparticles by performing experiments on the inhibition effects of gold, ludox and laponite nanoparticles on Escherichia coli in liquid Luria–Bertani (LB) medium at different nanoparticle concentrations. These nanoparticles were shown to be effective bactericides. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images revealed the distinct aggregation of cells and nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed considerable cell membrane disruption due to nanoparticle accumulation on the cell surfaces, resulting in cell death. We hypothesized that this nanoparticle accumulation on the cell surfaces not only disrupted the cell membranes but also physically blocked the microbes from accessing nutrients. An iron-reducing bacterium, Shewanella putrefaciens, was tested for its ability to reduce the Fe (III) in solid ferrihydrite (HFO) or aqueous ferric citrate in the presence of laponite nanoparticles. It was found that the laponite nanoparticles inhibited the reduction of the Fe (III) in solid ferrihydrite. Moreover, direct contact between the cells and solid Fe (III) coated with the laponite nanoparticles was physically blocked, as confirmed by SEM images and particle size measurements. However, the laponite particles had an insignificant effect on the extent of aqueous Fe (III) bioreduction but slightly enhanced the rate of bioreduction of the Fe (III) in aqueous ferric citrate. The slightly increased rate of bioreduction by laponite nanoparticles may be due to the removal of inhibitory Fe (II) from the cell surface by its sorption onto the laponite nanoparticle surface. This result indicates that the scavenging of toxic heavy metals, such as Fe (II), by nanoparticles may be beneficial for microbes in the environment. On the other hand, microbial cells are also capable of detoxifying nanoparticles by coagulating nanoparticles with extracellular polymeric substances or by changing nanoparticle morphologies. Hence, the interactions between microbes and nanoparticles in natural environments should receive more attention.
About B-splines. Twenty answers to one question: What is the cubic B-spline for the knots -2,-1,0,1,2?
Authors: Quak Ewald 
Published: February 2023

In this composition an attempt is made to answer one simple question only: What is the cubic B-spline for the knots -2,-1,0,1,2? The note will take you on a most interesting trip through various fields of Mathematics and finally convince you on how little we know.
Księstwo Bari i sumy neapolitańskie
Authors: Ryszard Skowron Ryszard Skowron 
Published: February 2023

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie podstaw prawnych i przebiegu sporu prawnego między królami Polski a władcami Hiszpanii dotyczącego praw do neapolitańskiego dziedzictwa królowej Bony, na które składały się księstwa Bari i Rossano, majątek ruchomy oraz pożyczka udzielona przez Bonę królowi Hiszpanii w wysokości 430 tys. dukatów zabezpieczona na komorze celnej w Foggii (tzw. sumy neapolitańskie). Skomplikowany i trwający półtora wieku spór dynastyczny dokumentuje kilka tysięcy różnego typu źródeł rozsianych po archiwach całej Europy od Krakowa po Simancas i od Neapolu po Sztokholm. Część z nich, zwłaszcza z lat 1548–1572, została opublikowana w polskich i włoskich wydawnictwach źródłowych. Całość działań królów polskich w sprawie odzyskania spadku Bony nie doczekała się nowoczesnego opracowania, a jedynym pełnym opracowaniem jest popularnonaukowa książka Klemensa Kanteckiego wydana w 1881 r. Temat ten pojawiał się na marginesie w wielu pracach dotyczących Bony i Zygmunta Augusta, dziejów dyplomacji za ostatniego Jagiellona oraz w pracach dotyczących relacji polsko-hiszpańskich w XVI i XVII w. Punktem wyjścia analizy jest ustalenie sytuacji prawnej, w jakiej znajdowały się neapolitańskie posiadłości królowej w momencie podejmowania przez nią decyzji o wyjeździe z Polski. Na tym tle wskazano najważniejsze elementy gry dyplomatycznej, jaką Bona prowadziła z cesarzem Karolem V i królem Filipem II, oraz uwarunkowania jej powrotu do Bari. Śmierć królowej w listopadzie 1557 r. i jej testament, w którym księstwa Bari i Rossano zapisywała Filipowi II, a Zygmunt August dziedziczył jedynie dobra ruchome i sumy neapolitańskie, otworzyły nowy etap w dziejach sporu polsko-hiszpańskiego. Na potrzeby rokowań mających na celu odzyskanie całego spadku po matce Zygmunt August zbudował wyjątkowo rozległą i dobrze funkcjonującą sieć dyplomatyczną. Niepowodzenia w odzyskaniu Bari i Rossano spowodowały, że król zdecydował się na mediację cesarza w toczonym sporze z królem Hiszpanii. Arbitraż stwarzał dla Zygmunta Augusta nową sytuację prawną i modyfikował sposób i zakres działania. Wydaje się, że król nie do końca uświadamiał sobie, w jak skomplikowany labirynt prawno-administracyjny wprowadza sprawę spadku po matce i wkracza w świat odmiennych obyczajów i mentalności. Ostatecznie królowi udało się odzyskać jedynie część majątku ruchomego i zachować prawo do sum neapolitańskich, które wraz ze śmiercią Anny Jagiellonki przeszły na własność Rzeczypospolitej. W konsekwencji kolejni królowie elekcyjni aż do czasu wojny o sukcesję hiszpańską zabiegali w Madrycie i Neapolu o regularną wypłatę odsetek z sum neapolitańskich.
Beamspace-domain learning of minimum variance beamformer with fully convolutional network
Authors: Hiki Ryuichi , Mozumi Michiya , Omura Masaaki , Nagaoka Ryo , Hasegawa Hideyuki 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In medical ultrasound systems, receiving beamforming is necessary to produce an ultrasonic image. Although minimum variance (MV) beamforming was developed to achieve higher image quality than commonly used delay-and-sum (DAS) beamforming, it is computationally expensive. Therefore, in this study, we investigated how to convert the beamforming profile of DAS to that of MV using deep learning. The results showed that a fully convolutional network could produce an image with comparable quality to that in MV beamforming in a shorter time than the conventional MV beamformer.
Doping study of two-well resonant-phonon terahertz quantum cascade lasers part I: doping profile dependence
Authors: Miyoshi Teppei , Wang Kai Xi (Cathy) , Lin Tsung-Tse 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The influence of impurity doping on GaAs-based two-well resonant-phonon terahertz quantum cascade lasers is investigated theoretically, and efficient doping schemes are discussed. By using the rate equation model, the impacts of dopant amount, position, and distribution on the performance of a high-performance device is simulated focusing on a single module. The calculated optical gain is found to have a peak over the range of sheet doping density from 1.0 × 1010 to 1.0 × 1012 cm−2 in all eight doping conditions examined in this work. Among these patterns, the devices with the undoped condition and homogeneous-doping in phonon-wells mark high optical gain, and the latter is also resistant against the detuning of subband alignment due to band-bending under the high doping conditions. Furthermore, based on the simulation results, a modulation doping scheme whose active cores include both doped and undoped modules is suggested and discussed.