bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holocene climates of the Iberian Peninsula: pollen-based reconstructions of changes in the west–east gradient of temperature and moisture
Authors: Liu Mengmeng , Shen Yicheng , González-Sampériz Penelope , Gil-Romera Graciela , ter Braak Cajo J. F. , Prentice Iain Colin , Harrison Sandy P. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. The Iberian Peninsula is characterized by a steep west–east moisture gradient at present, reflecting the dominance of maritime influences along the Atlantic coast and more Mediterranean-type climate further east. Holocene pollen records from the Peninsula suggest that this gradient was less steep during the mid-Holocene, possibly reflecting the impact of orbital changes on circulation and thus regional patterns in climate. Here, we use 7214 pollen samples from 117 sites covering part or all of the last 12 000 years to reconstruct changes in seasonal temperature and in moisture across the Iberian Peninsula quantitatively. We show that there is an increasing trend in winter temperature at a regional scale, consistent with known changes in winter insolation. However, summer temperatures do not show the decreasing trend through the Holocene that would be expected if they were a direct response to insolation forcing. We show that summer temperature is strongly correlated with plant-available moisture (α), as measured by the ratio of actual evapotranspiration to equilibrium evapotranspiration, which declines through the Holocene. The reconstructions also confirm that the west–east gradient in moisture was considerably less steep during the mid-Holocene than today, indicating that atmospheric circulation changes (possibly driven by orbital changes) have been important determinants of the Holocene climate of the region.
INTEGRASI KEARIFAN LOCAL KE DALAM BAHAN AJAR FISIKA DI SEKOLAH
Authors: Wirawan Zose , Martawijaya M.Agus , Yani Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh lembar kerja fisika peserta didik berbasis kearifan lokal yang valid, praktis dan efektif. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan (research and development) sedangkan rancangan pengembangannya menggunakan Born and Gall. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas XI IPA di SMA Negeri 7 Bone. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan melalui lembar observasi dan tes hasil belajar kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Perangkat pembelajaran yang dikembangkan pada penelitian ini berupa lembar kerja peserta didik yang di validasi ahli dan uji coba terbatas. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai realibilitas 1. nilai kepraktisannya meliputi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran yakni 1, pengelolaan pembelajaran yakni 3,9 dan respon peserta didik yang baik. Data keefektifannya pada penelitian ini adalah nilai tes hasil belajar peserta didik berada diatas 70. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa di peroleh lembar kerja fisika berbasis kearifan lokal untuk peserta didik kelas XI IPA SMA Negeri 7 Bone yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Disarankan lebih lanjut agar dilaksanakan penelitian dengan pengembangan materi yang berbeda dan modifikasi peraktikum yang berbeda pula sebagai alternatif pembelajaran bagi guru dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik
CLASSROOM CLIMATE IN THE CONTEXT OF TEACHING PRACTICES IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS
Authors: Abdul Maing Rosmawati , Mahmud Syahruddin 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
This study explores the teaching practices in junior high schools in Maros Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia that promote the development of a positive classroom climate. Interviews were used to gather the data. Twenty-four class-teachers from 12 junior high schools participated in individual semi structured interviews. The data collected from teacher interviews were analysed using NVivo version 10.
The qualitative analysis revealed that two main teaching practices influenced classroom climate namely student-teacher relationships and behavior management. Five further domains indicative of teaching practices that contributed to a positive classroom climate were positive school-home relationships, teachers’ teaching pedagogies, and positive teachers’ assumptions about student intelligence and capabilities, peer friendships, and behavioral self-control. Eight domains that hindered a positive classroom climate were also presented namely negative school-home relationships, negative, teachers’ assumptions about student intelligence, student mental health, consequences and punishment, negative student interactions with peers, disruptive acts, less attendance and motivation, and students’ difficulties.

Keywords: classroom climate, teaching practices, teacher and student relationships
EFL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS EMPLOYED A CRITERIA OF HEDGES DURING THEIR SPEAKING CLASS WITHIN THE ACADEMIC SETTING
Authors: Udin Imran Trista , Zulkhaeriyah Zulkhaeriyah , Hasim Fiviyanti 
Published: April 2023

Communication becomes an essential aspect in language classroom because it bridges the meaning of a person’s ideas. Therefore, as foreign language learners, the students have to have a good understanding at how to interact effectively with other students. Regarding to this, the researcher considered it is crucial to investigate English Foreign Language (EFL) university students’ ways in communication during their speaking class which includes hedges. The objectives of the research was to find out the types of hedges employed by EFL university students during their speaking class within the academic setting. This study was conducted at Politeknik LP3I Makassar and it was focused on the students in the first semesters in subject Basic Speaking with the total participants were 23 students of one class. The method used was descriptive qualitative method. There were 3 recordings based on the students’ interactions in the classroom. The theory from Riekkinen and Svarova (2009) was used to analyze the data gain. After transcribing and analyzing the data, the results showed that the students in EFL speaking class utilized some types of hedges. The hedges used involves personal evaluation, expression of limitation, expression of hesitation, and the combine hedges. Besides, the students employ hedges for some reasons.
HUMANISASI DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA HUMANIZATION IN LEARNING PHYSICS
Authors: Wirawan Zose , Januarty Restu , Yani Ahmad , Martawijaya M. Agus 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian pra-eksperimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pencapaian hasil belajar peserta didik kelas X SMA Barrang Lompo dengan menerapkan pendekatan pembelajaran sains humanistik yang sesuai dengan hobi peserta didik dan yang tidak sesuai dengan hobi peserta didik. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan pembelajaran sains humanistik dan variabel tidak bebasnya adalah hasil belajar fisika dalam ranah kognitif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah dua orang peserta didik yang masing-masing memiliki hobi yang berbeda. Instrumen kognitif dengan memberikan penilaian terhadap hasil pengukuran yang dilakukan sebagai tes akhir. Analisis deskriptif memberikan kesimpulan pencapaian hasil belajar peserta didik subjek penelitian yang hobinya ada pada gitar mencapai ketuntasan individu dengan nilai minimal 65 sedangkan peserta didik yang hobinya tidak ada pada gitar belum mencapai ketuntasan individu dengan nilai minimal 65.
CODE SWITCHING OF THE INDONESIAN-ENGLISH FOUND IN SELECTED PROFESSIONS’ UTTERANCES IN TALK SHOWS
Authors: Moelier Dahlia D. , Lebang Elysa Grata 
Published: April 2023

Switching languages from one language to a different one has using by those who understand two or more languages. It then becomes a trend either in bilingual or multilingual society specifically in Indonesia. The aim of this study are to discover and analyze the types of code switching used by the selected professions in talk shows and reasons of those selected professions using code switching in their utterances. The data sources used in this study are selected talk show videos on YouTube. The data were obtained by downloading, transcribing, highlighting the utterances, and underlying the English phrases, clauses, or words. The writer used qualitative descriptive method and used Charlotte Hoffmann’s theory in analyzing the data. The results of this study showed that there were 3 types of types of code switching used by the selected professions, they are intrasentential, intersentential, and emblematic switching. There were also 5 reasons found why those selected professions using code switching in their utterances. They were talking about particular topic, quoting somebody else’s statements, being emphatic about something, interjection, and repetition used for clarification. The reasons of express group identity and clarifying the speech content for the interlocutor are not found
Morphological , Anatomical and Chemical Studies of Salvia Rosmarinus Spenn. Growing in Al- Marj (Libya)
Authors: Mahmoud Wafa Ahmed 
Published: April 2023

Salvia rosmarinus Spenn (synonym: Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is economically and medically important and grows naturally in Al-Marj (Libya). Macro, micro morphological and chemical characteristics were studied. Leaf venation, leaf anatomy and chemical compounds of essential oils were carried out according to traditional methods. The objective of the present study is to provide detailed description of the characteristics of this species. Morphological charactersistics of leaves, calyx, corolla, stamens are useful for sectional and specific delimitations in Salvia. The leaf architecture characters of primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary veins are good diagnostic markers for the identification and classification of species. Anatomical characters such as glandular and non- glandular trichomes , mesophyll structure, presence of hypodermis and structure of vascular bundles have been found to have taxonomic value. Cineol (32.38%) is main component of essential oil, followed by Camphor, β-pinene, borneol, Caryophyllene, α-terpineol and α-pinene. Chemical data in essential oils carried taxonomic value of Salvia species.
Fluoride Concentration in Both Tap Water and Drinking Bottled Water (Commercial) in Baninah Area -Benghazi, Northeastern Libya
Authors: Imneisi Idris Basher 
Published: April 2023

Drinking bottled water has become both popular and increasingly controversial. as a result of the use of these techniques, some of the necessary elements in water are exposed to remove it such as fluoride. For this reason, the present study aimed to determine the fluoride content in both Tap Water and some types of Bottled water (Commercial) in the Baninah area -Benghazi. Six different types of bottled water from the local market, and three sampling point of tap water (water network supply) were collected for analysis of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), and fluoride for all samples. The results revealed a decrease in total dissolved salts in some types of bottled water compared to the Libyan standard specifications for the quality of drinking water. While the Fluoride content in bottled water and tap water showed fluoride concentrations lower than 1.5 mg/l according to the WHO standards and Libyan standards for drinking water. This requires a medical study to know the other sources that compensate for the lack of fluoride in the water (tap water network supply - bottled water).
roep op Curaçao om genoegdoening, herstel en compensatie
Authors: Allen Rose Mary 
Published: April 2023

Heer Pater, komen alle mensen niet voort uit een vader Adam en Eva? Heb ik er kwaad aan gedaan dat ik twaalf van mijn broeders verlost heb van hun boeien die hun onrechtmatig waren aangedaan? Heer Pater, de Franse vrijheid is voor ons een kwelling geworden. Als iemand van ons gestraft werd, werd hem telkens gezegd: wil jij ook je vrijheid? Eens werd ik vastgebonden, ik riep zonder ophouden: genade voor een arme slaaf. Toen ik ten slotte losgemaakt werd, golfde het bloed uit mijn mond. Ik wierp mij op mijn knieën en riep tot God: is het dan Uw wil dat wij zo mishandeld worden? Ach Pater, men draagt meer zorg voor een beest; als een beest een been breekt, wordt het genezen.’ (Paula 1974).
Deel van het betoog van Tula, leider van de grootste slavenopstand van Curaçao, in 1795, met de franciscaner pater Jacobus Schinck, openbaar gemaakt door de filosoof en socioloog A.F. Paula in 1974.
Kerk en slavernij in het Nederlandse koloniale rijk
Authors: Allen Rose Mary , Merz Annette , Harinck George , Stoutjesdijk Martijn 
Published: April 2023

“Mijn vader was dood en ik was slaaf geworden. […] Vreeselijk is het gevangen genomen te worden, slaaf te zijn. […] Ik moest mede naar de tuinen om te arbeiden, mijn meester helpen bij de vischvangst. Dat alles was te dragen, maar telkens het woord slaaf te hooren, dat was voor mij, een vrijgeborene, de grootste ellende. God heeft deze dingen ten goede gekeerd. Ik ben nu niet meer boos op de menschen van Koredo; weet gij wat ik het liefst wilde? Onder hen, de vrijen en de slaven, vertellen hoe lief God de menschen heeft.”
(Van der Roest, 1920)
A Technical Study on the Effect of Hydrothermal and Dry Heat Shrinkage of Different Shoe-Upper Leathers Used in Pakistan
Authors: Solangi Barkat Ali , Zehra Beena , Nawaz Hafiz Rub , Nadeem Uzma , Pervez Mohammad Kashif , Zeeshan Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

The shrinkage of leather becomes a problem when leather is used in the form of leather shoes or other products and is heated at a high temperature. This technical study addressed shrinkage occurring in most leather shoes used in Pakistan during the shoe manufacturing process. The chemical testing results revealed fat content (4.0-4.5%), chromic oxide (2.3-2.5%), ash content (1.3-1.6%), and pH (3.5-3.7) under significant limits. The effects of hydrothermal and dry heat shrinkage were investigated in selected shoe-upper leathers. The leather samples showed (18-41%) shrinkage in all 03 samples. The results revealed that an extensive change in various physical tests, such as tensile strength, % elongation, tear strength, had been found with heat induction. The temperature and time of heat contact significantly affect the destruction of bonding in shoe upper leather after being converted into shoes.
Transactional Leadership: Employee Performance and Organizational Performance (Literature Review)
Authors: Desti Febrian Wenny , Muliyati  , Lily  , Rajab Muhammad , Thamrin AR Muhammad 
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this scientific article is to search for literature in support of the variables in this scientific article and given results for consideration in future research as research gaps or with different research objects. The research method used is qualitative with literature reviews to get results. The results were obtained Most of the scientific articles of the review literature had a significant effect on the transactional leadership variable with employee performance , as well as the employee performance variable with organizational performance.
On The Use of Analysis of Variance Under Unequal Group variances
Authors: Abidoye A.O  , Egburonu O. D  
Published: April 2023

In this study, we imposed Analysis of variances test (ANOVA) which use when we have more than two treatments or different levels of a single factors that we wish to compare then we assume homogeneity of variances across the groups being compared although most of the earlier works that have addressed the problem of testing equality of mean variance overestimates the appropriate variance and the test statistic becomes conservative. This is the well-known Behrens – Fisher problem. Then we are interested in comparing several treatments means in this work, we made use the analysis of variance under unequal variances when the groups variances differ. It will be very inappropriate to use the pooled sample variance as a single value for the variances, instead the sample harmonic mean of variances is proposed as an alternative to the pooled sample variance when there is heterogeneity of variances. The distribution theoretically and confirmed using simulation studies and this proposed harmonic mean of variance was , examined in this work and found useful for unequal variances. Data set from Kwara State Ministry of Health on the incidence of diabetes diseases for male patients was used to illustrate the relevance of our proposed test statistic.
Pemanfaatan AI Pada Layanan Pemerintah Terintegrasi
Authors: Cahyono Tri Birowo  
Published: April 2023

Pemerintah menerbitkan Peraturan Presiden nomor 95 tahun 2018 tentang Sistem Pemerintahan Berbasis Elektronik (SPBE) dalam rangka memperkuat Perpres No.80 tahun 2011 tentang Grand Design Reformasi Birokrasi Indonesia 2010–2025. Perpres ini menjadi salah satu upaya pemerintah dalam mewujudkan tata kelola pemerintahan yang bersih, efektif, transparan, dan akuntabel serta pelayanan publik yang berkualitas dan tepercaya, melalui dukungan pemanfaatan TIK dalam sistem pemerintahan secara terpadu. Visi SPBE adalah “terwujudnya sistem pemerintahan berbasis elektronik yang terpadu dan menyeluruh untuk mencapai birokrasi dan pelayanan publik yang berkinerja tinggi.” Visi ini juga sekaligus mendukung salah satu pilar Visi Indonesia Tahun 2045, yakni Pemantapan Ketahanan Nasional dan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan. Untuk memperbaiki sistem pemerintahan yang lama menjadi sistem pemerintahan yang bersih dan efisien, pemerintah melakukan proses transformasi digital dengan dukungan teknologi-teknologi Industri 4.0, seperti IoT, big data, kecerdasan artifisial, dan komputasi awan. Berdasarkan arsitektur SPBE yang dirancang pada 2021, transformasi digital dilakukan secara tematik pada layanan-layanan publik dan layanan-layanan administrasi pemerintah. Dua tema layanan digital pemerintahan yang diprioritaskan agar didukung oleh teknologi kecerdasan artifisial adalah bantuan pemerintah terintegrasi (BPT) dan perizinan pemerintahan terintegrasi (PPT). Dengan dukungan sistem data indonesia (SDI), kecerdasan artifisial dapat dikembangkan dan diterapkan pada aplikasi-aplikasi layanan pemerintahan. SPBE dan data yang berkualitas akan mengantarkan bangsa kita ke Society 5.0.
O USO DOS RECURSOS TECNOLÓGICOS NAS PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS NO PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO DURANTE A PANDEMIA NAS ESCOLAS ESTADUAIS NOS MUNICÍPIOS DE PONTE E LACERDA E FIGUEIRÓPOLIS D’OESTE – MT
Authors: Perez Leinat Andréa 
Published: April 2023

O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da pandemia no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Durante esse período, todas as escolas tiveram que passar de ensino presencial para ensino à distância. A pesquisa reflete sobre a utilização de tecnologia nas práticas pedagógicas nas políticas nacionais e internacionais. Teve como objetivo analisar as concepções e tensões dos educadores e gestores em relação ao uso dos recursos tecnológicos no processo de alfabetização, durante o período da pandemia nas escolas estaduais nos municípios de Ponte e Lacerda e Figueirópolis D’Oeste – MT. Esta investigação iniciou-se com uma pesquisa de natureza bibliográfica, desenvolvida com base em material elaborado, optou-se, então, por um estudo exploratório e descritivo, visando reconhecer a realidade em questão, seus aspectos e desafios. Para a coleta de dados, foram realizadas entrevistas com gestores e educadores alfabetizadores das escolas pesquisadas e análise documental do Projeto de Política Instrucional-PPP, para verificar objetivos, ações e intervenções durante o período da pandemia. Esta tese mostrou que a pandemia afetou o processo de alfabetização e cabe à secretaria de educação e à comunidade escolar superar esta lacuna. Seja, por meio, de aulas de reforço ou por intervenções pedagógicas individuais, dependendo de cada caso.
Antibiotic Resistance pattern/ Multiple drug Resistance Index of Water-borne Bacteria isolated from Underground well Water of some Wards in Gusau Metropolis Zamfara State
Authors: Danmaliki Nusaiba , Haroun A , Vantsawa P , Alhaji A 
Published: April 2023

Resistance of bacteria to many antibiotics is now a challenge that has become a source of mortality in many countries. Pathogens that are previously susceptible are now becoming resistant and are spreading among water bodies. This study will determine the Antibiotic Resistance pattern and Multiple drug Resistance Index of Water-borne bacteria isolated from Underground well Water of some Wards in Gusau metropolis. Eighteen water samples were collected from 6 locations (three from each) in Gusau. These samples were plated, cultured and emerging strain of bacteria were isolated and characterized using standard biochemical method. 24 bacterial isolates were found and characterized into eight genera. The bacteria with the highest frequency was Pseudomonas spp. (29.2%) followed by Shigella spp.and Alicaligenes with (16.7%) then (12.5%) Citrobacter freudii, Salmonella spp and Proteus mirabilis with (8.3%) followed finally by Serratia and Yersinia (4.2%). Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined using disk-diffusion method. Twelve antibiotics belonging to the class B-lactams were tested. The isolates show 96 % resistance to Cefotaxime, 92% Ampiclox, 87.5% Cefuroxime, 75% Amoxicillin and Imipenem, 50% Nalidixic acid, 33.3% Gentamycin, 8.3% Oflaxacin and 4.2 % Cefexime. It was observed that the isolates were 100% susceptible to Lovofloxacin, 96% Cefexime, 92% Ofloxacin, 75% Ceftriaxone sulbactarm, 66.7% Gentamycin, 58% Nitrofurantoin, 50% Nalidixic acid, 25% Amoxicillin, 12.5% Cefuroxime, 8.3% Ampiclox, and 4.2% Cefotaxime. A MAR index > 0.2 was observed for the isolates, indicating frequent antibiotic use in the area.
Cryptanalysis Attacks on Multi Prime Power Modulus Through Analyzing Prime Difference
Authors: Dogondaji A , Sani B. , Ibrahim A. , Abubakar S. 
Published: April 2023

The Security of Rivest, Shamir and Adleman Cryptosystem known as RSA and its variants rely on the difficulty of integer factorization problem. This paper presents a short decryption exponent attack on RSA variant based on the key equation where prime difference was carefully analyzed and came up with an approximation of as which enabled us to obtain an improved bound that led to the polynomial time factorization of the variant .
Kultberget på Stora Holm
Authors: Lönn Marianne 
Published: April 2023

Tuve 46 was a complex monument, a hillock which people have taken the trouble to cover with stones. Among the stones were graves, mounds of burnt stones, a special mound of stones at the highest point, a cult building and on one side of the hillock were post-holes, hearths, cooking-pits and the like. On the hillock were also several concentrations of flint flakes and a few broken or unfinished flint tools. The site has mainly been used during two periods of time, one is the late Neolithic, the other is the Bronze Ageand Early Iron Age.
The concentrations of flint flakes are interpreted as residuals of tool manufacturing. It seems most of them were manufactured elsewhere, though. Only one or two were made at the place where the flints were found. The stone-covered hillock with its different constructions is interpreted as a cult site with a possible ‘Harg’ at the top.
Vardagsmat och åkallan
Authors: Lönn Marianne 
Published: April 2023

Knowing that cooking-pits are a very disparate material and not at all easy to understand, I have analysed seven sites with this kind of features according to their context. My point being, since their common use is as simple as making a fire in a pit with stones, we must sort out in what context this fire is made in order to understand why it was made.
These seven sites are connected to animal husbandry, hunting or cult; but coking-pits can also be found in other contexts such as settlement sites and grave sites. In connection with animal husbandry the pits may have been used as a way to keep insects away or to create warmth. At hunting sites meat can be dried by means of a fire in a pit; and at cult-sites the fire, the stones and the water nearby the sites may possibly play a part in various cultic ceremonies.