bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jinlong capsule decreases adverse reactions after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ⁎
Authors: Huang Wukui , Liu Dengyao , You Lina , Yang Shufa , Liu Mo , Gu Peng , Wang Pingju , Pahaerding Baikere , Fan Xiwen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to analyze whether Jinlong capsule could decrease adverse reactions after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methods
Eighty-two patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were randomly divided into the control group and experimental group. On the first day after TACE, the experimental group started receiving four Jinlong capsules orally three times daily, whereas the control group did not receive the treatment. Results The incidences of erythropenia and thrombocytopenia in the experimental group was lower than those in the control group (P = 0.040 and 0.033, respectively). The differences in serum levels of aminotransferase, albumin, potassium, and sodium between the two groups were significant (P = 0.034, 0.034, 0.013, and 0.044, respectively). The mean durations of stomachache and abdominal distension in the experimental group was significantly shorter than those in the control group (P = 0.004 and 0.021, respectively). However, there were no significant differences in the incidences of nausea, fever, and vomiting between the two groups (P = 0.490, 0.495, and 0.585, respectively).

Conclusion
The reduction in the incidence rate and duration of partial adverse reactions after TACE was observed in hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with Jinlong capsule compared to untreated patients, suggesting possible beneficial effects exerted by Jinlong capsule on the reduction of TACE-induced liver damage, thereby improving liver function and, consequently, the quality of life.
Hemangiopericytoma in the vertebral canal of thoracic segments: report of a rare case
Authors: Zhou Jie , Zhou Yong , Ma Hulin , Li Zhiyun , He Jiaojing , Zhu Die , Qu Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we explore the diagnosis and treatment of hemangiopericytoma (HPC). A rare case of HPC in the vertebral canal of thoracic segments is reported, and the clinical features as well as treatment approaches of similar cases in the literature are discussed. In the present case, we operatively resected the tumor and performed postoperative radiation therapy, with good treatment results.
microRNAs regulation and its role as biomarkers in diseases ⁎
Authors: Zhou Huandi , Ge Xiaohui , Xue Xiaoying 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs), approximately 21 to 23 nucleotides (nt) in length, belong to a set of small non-coding RNA molecules that were not thought to be functional until the recent decades. miRNAs play important roles in many diseases such as various kinds of cancers and immune disorders. Many studies have focused on the relationship between miRNAs and diseases. miRNAs are significant mediators in human growth and development and in the genesis and development of diseases. Almost 30% of the activity of protein-coding genes is forecasted to be regulated by miRNAs in mammals, and some miRNAs are regarded as potential therapeutic targets for various diseases. In this review, we outline some functions of miRNAs, especially those related to diseases.
Clinicopathological features of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in patients with lung cancer ⁎
Authors: Yang Xuli , Wang Li , Sai Wenli , Cai Yin , Gu Juanjuan , Chen Xin , Yao Dengfu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of hypoxiainducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in patients with lung cancer.MethodsCancerous and noncancerous tissues were collected post-operation from 115 patients with lung cancers by the self-control method. Total RNA was extracted from the lung tissues. The status of tissue HIF-1α expression and intercellular distribution was observed by immunochemistry using a tissue microarray. The expression levels of circulating HIF-1α and VEGF were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsThe expression of serum HIF-1α [(138.3 ± 28.8) μg/L] in the group of patients with lung cancer was significantly higher (P< 0.01) than that in the group of patients with pneumonia [(58.8 ± 14.5) μg/L] and the control group of patients [(24.1 ± 3.3) μg/L]. There was a strong positive correlation of serum HIF-1α levels (r= 0.937,P< 0.01) with serum VEGF levels. The specific concentration of total RNA [(1.52 ± 1.14) μg/mg wet lung tissues] in the cancerous tissues was significantly higher (t= 8.494,P< 0.001) than that in the noncancerous tissues [(0.58 ± 0.33) μg/mg]. The clinicopathological features of HIF-1α expression in lung cancer tissues revealed a significant relationship between positive HIF-1α expression and patient sex (χ2= 4.494,P= 0.034), tumor size (χ2= 4.679,P= 0.031), differentiation degree (χ2= 8.846,P= 0.012), and presence of lymphatic node metastasis (χ2= 6.604,P= 0.037).ConclusionAbnormal HIF-1α expression in lung cancer is closely related with nucleic acid metabolism and angiogenesis, and it may be helpful in the diagnosis and identification of lung cancer.
Tumor-induced osteomalacia originating from bones: a report of two cases and literature review
Authors: Cai Zhuo , Meng Qiang , Guan Hanfeng , Yang Qing , Yang Caihong , Xiao Jun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is caused by a small mesenchymal tumor and characterized by hypophosphatemia, phosphaturia, low levels of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D, and elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23). The typical symptoms include bone pain, pseudofracture, osteoporosis, and muscle weakness. These symptoms are due to the overproduction of FGF-23 as a phosphaturic agent. Diagnosis of this disease is challenging because of the small lesion size and chronic symptoms. The cases described in this report were two patients with bone pain, severe muscle weakness, and difficulty performing activities, who were found to have TIO. The tumors were found through various imaging modalities, including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET). The tumors responsible for the symptoms were localized on their femurs and resection resulted in normalization of their blood chemistries and complaints.
The diagnostic value of tumor abnormal protein and high sensitivity C reactive protein in screening for endometrial cancer with endometrial thickness less than 8 mm ⁎
Authors: Li Yi , Yue Ruiqin , Qin Dongrui , Wang Yanqing , Zhou Xinling , Jing Xinyong , Wu Chuanzhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to combine tumor abnormal protein (TAP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level detection to diagnose endometrial cancer in patients with endometrial thickness less than 8 mm, and to provide a reference for clinical screening and diagnosis.MethodsClinical data from 19 cases of endometrial cancer, diagnosed on the basis of pathological findings, were collected from September 2014 to December 2015. The inclusion criteria were as follows: the patients were first diagnosed with endometrial thickness less than 8 mm and were all in menopause. Perimenopausal patients (n= 26) with uterine fibroids seen during the same period were selected as a control group. Serum TAP and hs-CRP levels of the patients in the two groups were simultaneously determined on admission.ResultsWe found that both TAP and hs-CRP levels in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group [(182.95 ± 72.14) μm2vs. (133.19 ± 55.18) μm2,P= 0.019; (7.52 ± 19.03) mg/L vs. (1.66 ± 2.31) mg/L,P= 0.136]. The sensitivity of TAP for the diagnosis of endometrial cancer was 73.68%, the specificity was 69.23%, and the Youden index was 0.4291. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of hs-CRP was 15.79% and 100%, respectively, and the Youden index was 0.1579. After plotting the receiver operating characteristics curves, the optimal cut-off value for TAP in diagnosing endometrial cancer was found to be 160.662 μm2and that for hs-CRP was 1.07 mg/L.ConclusionFor patients suspected of having endometrial cancer with endometrial thickness less than 8 mm, combined detection of TAP and hs-CRP levels can be used as a screening tool and can provide new ideas regarding clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer: Evaluation of outcomes and treatment
Authors: Sun Weijing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a biologically heterogeneous disease with diverse clinical outcomes and responses to treatment. In the past two to three decades, a major effort has focused on classifying colorectal cancer subtypes based on causation, etiology, gene expression profiles, different pathways, and translational data from clinical trials. The goal is to uncover prognostic and predictive factors for outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer and to guide therapeutic approaches and management for the improvement of overall survival. Significant advances have been achieved in this area. However, tremendous work is still needed to accomplish the goal of better understanding intratumoral heterogeneity and the influence of the colonic environment, among other facets of colorectal cancer.
Clinical observation of rh-endostatin combined with chemotherapy as first line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer ⁎
Authors: Wang Wenwu , Huang Shanshan , Huang Xiaoyan , Zhang Yan , Qi Xiaoyan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To analyze the efficacy and safety of Rh-endostatin combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.

Methods
All 60 metastatic colorectal cancer patients were divided into the test group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 30). The control group was treated with chemotherapy regime FOLFOX4 (Oxaliplatin + Fluorouracil + Calcium Levofolinate), the test group was treated by Endostar combined with FOLFOX4 scheme.

Results
The response rates were 53.3% in test group and 36.7% in control group respectively (P < 0.05), the disease control rate were 83.3% and 73.3% (P < 0.05). The median progression-free survival in test group and control group were 7.3 months versus 5.3 months (P < 0.05) and median overall survival were 11.6 months versus 9.3 months (P < 0.05). Among 27 cases of liver metastases were sub group analysis, difference on the test group and the control group response rate (RR) and disease control rate (DCR) had statistical significance (P < 0.05), but difference on progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). The major toxicities were myelosuppression, gastrointestinal symptoms, neurotoxicity, most in grade I-II. After chemotherapy, quality of life (QOL) of patients were more improved than before treatment. After treatment the carcino embryonie antigen (CEA) and caner antigent 199 (CA199) levels decreased obviously, furthermore, the test group decreased more obviously than the control group.

Conclusion
Rh-endostatin combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer is safer and effective, and also improves PFS.
Advantages and limitations in the establishment and utilization of patient-derived xenografts in gastric cancer
Authors: Chen Zuhua , Shen Lin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Owing to the high genetic heterogeneity of tumors, small number of therapeutic strategies available, and frequent presentation of drug resistance, the prognosis for patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) are unsatisfactory. The utility of traditional cancer cell lines in translational research is limited by their poor correspondence to the genomic alterations and expression profiles that occur in actual patient tumors. In the last decade, increasing attention has been given to patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDTXs), which can faithfully recapitulate the histopathology, molecular characteristics, and therapeutic responses of the patient’s tumor. However, the widespread development and utilization of PDTXs is restricted by factors such as the timeframe of establishment, lymphoma transformation during passaging, the immunodeficient microenvironment, and pharmacokinetic differences between mice and humans. In this review, we summarize the establishment and characterization of PDTX models for gastric cancer (GC). We then weigh the advantages and limitations of PDTXs when used to evaluate novel compounds, identify effective biomarkers, demonstrate resistance mechanisms, and predict clinical outcomes.
Roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis signaling pathways in gynecologic tumor cells: A systematic review
Authors: Liu Kangsheng , Fang Weimin , Sun Erhu , Chen Yajun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Efficient functioning of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is very important for most cellular activities, such as protein folding and modification. The ER closely interacts with other organelles, including the Golgi body, endosome, membrane, and mitochondria, providing lipids and proteins for the repair of these organelles. ER stress can be induced by various abnormal materials in the cell. ER stress is a compensatory intracellular environment disorder that occurs during areaction. ER can sense the stress and respond to it through translational attenuation, upregulation of the genes for ER chaperones and related proteins, and degradation of unfolded proteins by a quality-control system, but excessive ER activation can cause cell death. The Pubmed and Web of Science databases were searched for full-text articles, and the terms “endoplasmic reticulum stress / unfolded protein response / gynecologic tumor cell apoptosis” were used as key words. Thirty-five studies of ER stress and unfolded protein response published from 2000 to 2016 were analyzed. Stress triggers apoptosis through a variety of signaling pathways. Increasing evidence has shown that the ER plays an important role in tumor cell diseases. The present review discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying unfolded protein response and its ability to promote survival and proliferation in gynecologic tumor cells.

List of abbreviations:
IRE1α: inositol-requiring enzyme 1α; UPR: unfolded protein response; XBP-1: X binding protein; PERK: protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase; GRP78: glucose-regulated protein 78; Tun: tunicamycin; CHOP: CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein; ERSE: endoplasmic reticulum stress element; ASK1: apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1; eIF-2alpha: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2; IP3: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphat; ERO1: endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin 1; TMEM214: transmembrane protein 214; GADD34: cofactor of eIF2.phosphatase; H1299: human hung carcinoma H1299 cells; SH-SY5Y: human neuroblastoma cells; JNK: c-Jun N-terminal kinase; VEGFA: vascular endothelial growth factor-A; SERCA: sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase; NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; ATF4: activating transcription factor 4; Pim-1: proviral integration moloney virus; PUMA: p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis
The use of aprepitant and palonosetron in preventing chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting inlung cancer patients
Authors: Qu Shuxian , Zheng Zhendong , Liu Zhaozhe , Qiu Jianing , Xie Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the clinical efficacy and toxicity of a combination aprepitant and palonosetron hydrochloride therapy in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting associated with a cisplatinum-based regimen in patients with lung cancer.

Methods
Sixty-eight patients with lung cancer were randomly assigned to receive either aprepitant plus palonosetron hydrochloride (group A, n = 38) or tropisetron (group B, n = 30). Acute (0-24 h) and delayed (2-5 d) emetic episodes, nausea, vomiting, constipation, and dizziness were compared between the two groups in the five days following cisplatinum-based chemotherapy.

Results
Group A had a higher complete control rate for both acute and delayed emetic episodes than Group B (36.8% vs. 13.3% and 31.6% vs. 13.3%, respectively; P < 0.05 for both). There was no significant difference in the constipation rate between the two groups.

Conclusion
Aprepitant combined with palonosetron hydrochloride is active and well tolerated in both acute and delayed emetic episodes in patients with lung cancer treated by a cisplatinum-based regimen.
Scabrous patrinia root inhibits circulating tumor cells in differentiated thyroid carcinoma - a clinical observation ⁎
Authors: Liu Qinjiang , Tian Youxin , Ni Yaqiong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo observe the clinical inhibition of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) by the extract of scabrous patrinia root (Huikangling).MethodsEighty-seven DTC patients tested positive for CTCs were randomly divided into two groups; all patients were treated with oral levothyroxine sodium in accordance with the DTC endocrine inhibition treatment criteria. Patients (n= 45) in the treatment group were provided the standard endocrine therapy along with oral Huikangling (0.4 g/tablet, 0.4 g × 3 / time, 3 times / day, 12 weeks). Patients (n= 42) in the control group were only provided the standard therapy. After 4 and 12 weeks, CTCs in the blood were detected by flow cytometry.ResultsAfter 4 weeks of oral Huikangling treatment, CTCs were detected in 18 (40%) and 29 (69%) patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively; the difference was statistically significant (χ2= 8.49,P< 0.05). After 12 weeks, CTCs were detected in 7 (15.6%) and 17 (44.7%) patients in the treatment and control groups, respectively; the difference was statistically significant (χ2= 5.68,P< 0.05). Follow-up evaluation revealed two patients with lung metastasis and one patient with bone metastasis in the control group; one patient showed lateral neck lymph node metastasis without local recurrence in the treatment group.ConclusionHuikangling treatment reduces the number of CTC-positive DTC cases; however, further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Safety and efficacy of multi-kinase inhibitor plus endostar treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and pleural effusion
Authors: Luan Wei , Li Wenxin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of multi-kinase inhibitor plus endostar treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and pleural effusion.

Methods
A total of 10 patients with mRCC (8 clear-cell RCCs, 1 papillary RCC, 1 chromophobe RCC) with pleural effusion from January 2014 to October 2015 were recruited. Four patients received sorafenib (400 mg, twice daily), while six received sunitinib (50 mg, once daily; 2 weeks on and 1 week off). All patients received multi-kinase inhibitor plus pleural cavity perfusion of endostar (15 mg on days 1-4 for 1 or 2 weeks).

Results
The response rate of pleural effusion was 70%. Adverse reactions were limited and mild.

Conclusion
The regimen of multi-kinase inhibitor plus pleural cavity perfusion of endostar was both effective and safe for the treatment of patients with mRCC with pleural effusion, and may control local symptoms.
Updates in the management of brain (leptomeningeal) metastasis of lung cancer
Authors: Sun Ziyi , Chen Yuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Brain (leptomeningeal) metastasis is one of the most common and severe complications of lung cancer. This article interprets expert consensus on the treatment advice for brain (leptomeningeal) metastasis of lung cancer, expounding on its epidemiology, diagnostic standards, efficacy assessment, treatment advice, and other aspects.
Local definitive intensity-modulated radiation therapy recommended for patients initially diagnosed with nasopharyngeal carcinoma with distant metastasis after an effective systemic chemotherapy*
Authors: Zhou Lei , Liu Dongbo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to propose a hypothesis that local definitive intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) should be recommended for initially diagnosed metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and demonstrate its feasibility.MethodsRecently published papers on local definitive radiotherapy for initially diagnosed metastatic NPC were reviewed to propose a hypothesis.ResultsSeveral studies revealed the survival benefits of adding local definitive radiotherapy to the systemic chemotherapy in patients initially diagnosed with metastatic NPC.ConclusionWe suggested that local definitive IMRT should be recommended in patients initially diagnosed with NPC with distant metastasis after an effective systemic chemotherapy, which may possibly prolong their survival time and potentially treat the disease.
A case of prostate embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in an adult patient
Authors: Wei Qi , Sun Zhiyong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Prostate embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is characterized by a high degree of malignancy, both local rapid growth with formation of large pelvic masses, often leading to renal failure due to urethral obstruction, and systemic spread, commonly to the lungs, liver, and bone. ERMS of the prostate is a commonly occurring tumor in infants and children. It is rarely seen in adults. Here, we report on a case of the prostate ERMS in a 27-year-old man.
Application of malignant pleural effusion cell blocks in the diagnosis and personalized treatment of advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma*
Authors: Luan Wei , Cha Nier , He Yinzai , Jia Baoqing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of immunocytochemistry and related gene detection using cell block for the diagnosis and individualized treatment of advanced lung cancer.

Methods
Sixty-five malignant pleural effusion specimens were collected to make cell blocks, which were used for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunocytochemical studies, and gene sequencing of the tumors to guide the individualized diagnoses and treatment of the given tumors.

Results
The tumor cells in the cell block sections were abundant in number with high quality cellular structures, and the histological morphological characteristics were partially maintained. Immunocytochemical staining was helpful in identifying the cell origin and tumor classification, and amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) was used to determine the mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Of the 65 samples, 50 had a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma, 7 were pulmonary squamous cells, 6 were small cell carcinoma of the lung, and 2 were mesothelioma. The morphological features of the tumors were as follows: acinar formation, papillary and single cells for adenocarcinoma; intercellular bridges for squamous cell carcinoma; and morphology of the small cells is similar to that of the smear. Correlating with the results of immunocytochemical staining and clinical data analysis, 40 cases were confirmed as pulmonary adenocarcinoma, with an additional 4 cases of breast cancer, 3 cases of ovarian adenocarcinoma, and 3 cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Of the 47 non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients, EGFR mutations were detected in 26 cases (55.3%) by ARMS, with four mutation types: exon 19 deletion (13 cases, 50.0%), exon 2l point mutations L858R (11 cases, 42.3%) and L861Q (1 case, 3.8%), and exon 18 point mutation G719X (1 case, 3.8%).

Conclusion
Malignant pleural effusion cell blocks combined with immunocytochemical markers and molecular pathology are helpful for the diagnosis of advanced tumors, the identification of tumor properties and histological tumor origin, and the selection of individualized treatment for advanced lung cancer.