bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Innovative Activity of the Service Sector of the EU Member States
Authors: Decyk Kamil 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExpenditures on innovative activities, including R&D, play a key role in introducing innovations and consequently in the level of innovativeness. The aim of the research was to assess the level of innovative activity in the service sector in the Member States of the European Union (EU), in terms of incurred expenditure and achieved effects. To achieve the given aim various methods were used, including: monographic method, analysis and criticism of the literature, index and statistical analyses. The implementation of the assumed goal was carried out on the basis of two groups of indicators — effects and expenditure incurred on innovative activities. The research procedure was carried out in three stages: detailed assessment of the indicators, identification of similarities within the studied countries and determination of correlations occurring in them, and assessment of the synthetic Perkal’s indicator regarding outlays and effects. The results of the research provided information on the level of the use of inputs in relation to the effects in the service sector of individual EU countries. Countries ranked high in the innovativeness ranking (Denmark, France) are characterized by higher outlays and the effects achieved as a result of them, as well as show favorable or neutral relations between them. A high level of effects in relation to the expenditure was also observed in Malta, Spain, and Croatia. The results of the research constitute valuable information on the effectiveness of the use of expenditure on innovative activities, especially significant from the point of view of service entities from countries with a low level of innovative activity. These enterprises should draw on good practices and experience and even try to cooperate in the creation of innovations with companies from countries with a high level of innovative activity. Consequently, such practices will contribute to a more dynamic and sustainable development of innovativeness in the service sector of all EU.
Family Violence Within LGBTQ Communities in Australia: Intersectional Experiences and Associations with Mental Health Outcomes
Authors: Amos Natalie , Hill Adam , Donovan Catherine , Carman Marina , Parsons Matthew , McNair Ruth , Lyons Anthony , Bourne Adam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
While prior research has documented intimate partner violence (IPV) and family of origin violence (FOV) experienced by LGBTQ communities at rates at least comparable to heterosexual and/or cisgender populations, little knowledge exists of how this experience occurs within intersections of these communities and who is most at risk.

Methods
This study utilised data from a from a large nationwide Australian survey of the health and wellbeing of 6835 LGBTQ adults aged 18 + years. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify individual factors associated with reporting ever having experienced FOV or IPV.

Results
In total, 2675 (43.18%) participants reported ever experiencing FOV and 3716 (60.7%) reported ever experiencing IPV. Non-binary people, cisgender women, and trans men were most likely to have experienced FOV. Non-binary people and cisgender women were most likely to experience IPV. Participants aged 55 + years (compared to 18–24 years) were less likely to have experienced FOV, while the likelihood of experiencing IPV increased with age. Education was associated with both FOV and IPV (highest among the non-university tertiary educated). Having a moderate or severe disability and ever experiencing homelessness were associated with a greater likelihood of experiencing FOV and IPV. Recent experiences of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and high/very high psychological distress were associated with experiences of FOV and IPV.

Conclusions
This new knowledge regarding the factors that identify LGBTQ people at greater risk of family or intimate partner violence can ensure the tailoring of family violence practice and policy to those most in need.
Comparative study on salinity removal methods: an evaluation-based stable isotopes signatures in ground and sea water
Authors: Falih Ali Hasan , Al Maliki Ali , Al-lami Ahmed Kadhim , Jasm Ali , Mohammed Amer , Mahmood Ansam , Abd Alameer Zainab Salah , Al-Ansari Nadhir , Yaseen Zaher Mundher 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis research aims to attain the optimal method of removing the high salinity concentrations without its effect on the balance or accuracy of stable isotopes measurement of deuterium and oxygen-18 (δ18O, δ2H). Four treatment methods (i.e., distillation, vacuum distillation, electro dialysis and ion exchange) were applied for nine samples, which were obtained from different water sources (sea, groundwater, river).l Worth to notice that the samples have Electrical Conductivity (EC) ranged (1000–60,000 µs/cm). Liquid–Water Isotope Analyzer used to measure the isotope concentration of δ18O, δ2H. The research findings of the four applied methods revealed their effectiveness with various percentages (normal distillation: 92.37%; vacuum distillation: 88.31%; electro dialysis: 94.85%; ion exchange: 99.62%). In addition, the investigation was conducted a clear correspondence measurement of (δ18O, δ2H) isotopes before and after treatment. The four methods results indicated that samples with EC ranged (1000–5000 µs/cm) have no effect on stable isotope readings. Whereas, samples with EC higher than 10,000, have substantial influence on the stable isotope readings. Finally, vacuum distillation method attained the best results among the treatment methods for EC ranged (10,000–60,000 µs/cm) without affecting the isotopic content of (δ18O, δ2H). There is a clear correspondence of the stable isotopic measurements before and after treatment, for all the selected samples.
Exact simulation of the groundwater flow in anisotropic confined aquifer near time-varying streams by comprehensive new analytical solutions
Authors: Saeedpanah Iraj , Karimipour Ahmadreza 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper presents some new analytical solutions to an accurate prediction of the behavior of the groundwater flow in aquifers in response to changes in surface water. The new analytical solutions are obtained using integral transforms. An anisotropic rectangular confined aquifer bounded with four time-varying streams is undertaken. The effects of anisotropy on groundwater head and flow rate near time-varying streams are investigated. Depending on the change rates of the streams level, an anisotropic aquifer may render either lower or higher hydraulic head than an isotropic aquifer. In addition, an anisotropic aquifer has provided less water exchange at the interfaces than an isotropic one. The sensitivity of the hydraulic head to change rate of the streams level in both isotropic and anisotropic aquifers is evaluated. It is shown that the aquifer response is more sensitive to change rate of the streams parallel to y-direction and less sensitive to change rate of the streams parallel to x-direction in an anisotropic aquifer and vice versa in an isotropic aquifer. The results of the present new analytical solutions are compared with numerical model of MODFLOW. The results obtained from the presented solutions showed good agreement with the results of MODFLOW. The results show that the presented new analytical solutions are accurate, robust and efficient. Therefore, the results indicate that the presented new analytical solutions are very effective in the simulation of the groundwater flow in river–aquifer systems. Furthermore, one of the advantages of the new analytical solutions is to investigate the sensitivity analysis of aquifer parameters, which has been carried out in this paper. Also, some other new analytical solutions for steady-state conditions and sudden fall in streams level are provided as well. Feasibility of the proposed new analytical solutions is presented via calculating and simulating the hydraulics of groundwater flow in river–aquifer systems by means of integral transforms.
MarLe: Markerless estimation of head pose for navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Matsuda Renan H. , Souza Victor H. , Kirsten Petrus N. , Ilmoniemi Risto J. , Baffa Oswaldo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) is a valuable tool for non-invasive brain stimulation. Currently, nTMS requires fixing of markers on the patient’s head. Head marker displacements lead to changes in coil placement and brain stimulation inaccuracy. A markerless neuronavigation method is needed to increase the reliability of nTMS and simplify the nTMS protocol. In this study, we introduce and release MarLe, a Python markerless head tracker neuronavigation software for TMS. This novel software uses computer-vision techniques combined with low-cost cameras to estimate the head pose for neuronavigation. A coregistration algorithm, based on a closed-form solution, was designed to track the patient’s head and the TMS coil referenced to the individual’s brain image. We show that MarLe can estimate head pose based on real-time video processing. An intuitive pipeline was developed to connect the MarLe and nTMS neuronavigation software. MarLe achieved acceptable accuracy and stability in a mockup nTMS experiment. MarLe allows real-time tracking of the patient’s head without any markers. The combination of face detection and a coregistration algorithm can overcome nTMS head marker displacement concerns. MarLe can improve reliability, simplify, and reduce the protocol time of brain intervention techniques such as nTMS.
Towards liveable cities: A review of ethnicity, public urban nature space and wellbeing
Authors: Wolf Isabelle D. , Waitt Gordon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this review, we synthesise the results of studies that examine how the relationships between public urban nature spaces and wellbeing vary by ethnicity in cities of the Global North. We searched for articles that reported on the relationships between public urban nature spaces, ethnicity and wellbeing. We found 65 articles that met our inclusion criteria. From our review, we found positive and negative relationships between public urban nature spaces, ethnicity and wellbeing in four interrelated domains: integration/relationship building, therapy, safety and capabilities/competency building. The findings of this review inform park management by offering twelve wellbeing pathways to design urban nature spaces that are more inclusive to all residents.
Expression in skin biopsies supports genetic evidence linking CAMKK2, P2X7R and P2X4R with HIV-associated sensory neuropathy
Authors: Gaff Jessica , Octaviana Fitri , Jackaman Connie , Kamerman Peter , Papadimitriou John , Lee Silvia , Mountford Jenjira , Price Patricia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHIV-associated sensory neuropathy (HIV-SN) affects 14–38% of HIV+ individuals stable on therapy with no neurotoxic drugs. Polymorphisms in CAMKK2, P2X7R and P2X4R associated with altered risk of HIV-SN in Indonesian and South African patients. The role of CaMKK2 in neuronal repair makes this an attractive candidate, but a direct role for any protein is predicated on expression in affected tissues. Here, we describe expression of CaMKK2, P2X7R and P2X4R proteins in skin biopsies from the lower legs of HIV+ Indonesians with and without HIV-SN, and healthy controls (HC). HIV-SN was diagnosed using the Brief Peripheral Neuropathy Screen. Biopsies were stained to detect protein gene product 9.5 on nerve fibres and CaMKK2, P2X7R or P2X4R, and were examined using 3-colour sequential scanning confocal microscopy. Intraepidermal nerve fibre densities (IENFD) were lower in HIV+ donors than HC and correlated directly with nadir CD4 T-cell counts (r = 0.69, p = 0.004). However, IENFD counts were similar in HIV-SN+ and HIV-SN− donors (p = 0.19) and so did not define neuropathy. CaMKK2+ cells were located close to dermal and epidermal nerve fibres and were rare in HC and HIV-SN− donors, consistent with a role for the protein in nerve damage and/or repair. P2X7R was expressed by cells in blood vessels of HIV-SN− donors, but rarely in HC or HIV-SN+ donors. P2X4R expression by cells in the epidermal basal layer appeared greatest in HIV-SN+ donors. Overall, the differential expression of CaMKK2, P2X7R and P2X4R supports the genetic evidence of a role for these proteins in HIV-SN.
Validation of the SACOV-19 score for identifying patients at risk of complicated or more severe COVID-19: a prospective study
Authors: Mahajan Ujjwal Mukund , Erber Johanna , Shamsrizi Parichehr , Voit Florian , Vielhauer Jakob , Johlke Anna-Lena , Benesch Christopher , Khaled Najib Ben , Reinecke Felix , Rudi Wolf-Stephan , Klein Matthias , Jakob Carolin , Oswald Marcus , König Rainer , Schulz Christian , Mayerle Julia , Stubbe Hans Christian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Identification of patients at risk of complicated or more severe COVID-19 is of pivotal importance, since these patients might require monitoring, antiviral treatment, and hospitalization. In this study, we prospectively evaluated the SACOV-19 score for its ability to predict complicated or more severe COVID-19.

Methods
In this prospective multicenter study, we included 124 adult patients with acute COVID-19 in three German hospitals, who were diagnosed in an early, uncomplicated stage of COVID-19 within 72 h of inclusion. We determined the SACOV-19 score at baseline and performed a follow-up at 30 days.

Results
The SACOV-19 score’s AUC was 0.816. At a cutoff of > 3, it predicted deterioration to complicated or more severe COVID-19 with a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 55%. It performed significantly better in predicting complicated COVID-19 than the random tree-based SACOV-19 predictive model, the CURB-65, 4C mortality, or qCSI scores.

Conclusion
The SACOV-19 score is a feasible tool to aid decision making in acute COVID-19.
Spectroscopic Determination of Acetylcholine (ACh): A Representative Review
Authors: Świt Paweł , Pollap Aleksandra , Orzeł Joanna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcetylcholine (ACh) is one of the most crucial neurotransmitters of the cholinergic system found in vertebrates and invertebrates and is responsible for many processes in living organisms. Disturbances in ACh transmission are closely related to dementia in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. ACh in biological samples is most often determined using chromatographic techniques, radioenzymatic assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), or potentiometric methods. An alternative way to detect and determine acetylcholine is applying spectroscopic techniques, due to low limits of detection and quantification, which is not possible with the methods mentioned above. In this review article, we described a detailed overview of different spectroscopic methods used to determine ACh with a collection of validation parameters as a perspective tool for routine analysis, especially in basic research on animal models on central nervous system. In addition, there is a discussion of examples of other biological materials from clinical and preclinical studies to give the whole spectrum of spectroscopic methods application. Descriptions of the developed chemical sensors, as well as the use of flow technology, were also presented. It is worth emphasizing the inclusion in the article of multi-component analysis referring to other neurotransmitters, as well as the description of the tested biological samples and extraction procedures. The motivation to use spectroscopic techniques to conduct this type of analysis and future perspectives in this field are briefly discussed.
Graphical Abstract
Innovation in Times of Crisis: How Civil Protection Organizations in Europe Coped and Adapted During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Roth Florian , Kaluza Benjamin , Pfeffer Katharina , Rümelin Esther , Kirchner Joel , Overmeyer Maike , Neisser Florian , Jackwerth-Rice Thomas , Kilicaslan Aleyna , Sautter Johannes 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis explorative study provides insights into how civil protection organizations can learn, be innovative, and develop their capabilities toward achieving greater organizational resilience. After the enormous impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, civil protection organizations had to actively shape crisis-related learning processes, particularly concerning workflows and organizational structures, collaboration with stakeholders, preparedness, risk analysis, digitalization, and the political framework. Empirical findings collected in Europe during and between the main pandemic peaks of 2020 and 2021 were analyzed for implications for policymakers and civil protection organizations. Key findings illustrate how important it is for civil protection organizations to respond quickly and adapt flexibly in times of crisis. In interviews with civil protection experts, respondents highlight the benefits of a partner network and the need for digital capabilities and data infrastructure. Other relevant factors in dealing with a crisis were found to be self-evaluation and the ability to recover from a previous wave while preparing for and responding to the next.
Zwerge auf den Schultern von Riesen
Authors: Knapp Fritz Peter 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie hier vertretenen Hauptthesen lauten: Die mittelalterliche Literatur ruht auf den Stützen der Weltanschauung und Literaturtheorie von Antike und Christentum, auch wo sie nicht mehr lateinisch, sondern volkssprachlich ist. Sie ist traditionsgebunden, nicht zuletzt in der Festlegung auf übergeordnete Gattungen, insbesondere auf fabula und historia im Bereich der Erzählung. Der moderne ›Fiktionalitätsvertrag‹ von Autor und Leser existiert noch nicht. Die lateinische Tradition erreicht die germanischen Literaturen entweder direkt oder über die romanischen. Diesen Weg muss auch die Forschung gehen, statt die alten Texte mit Methoden zu erschließen, die an neuzeitlichen historischen Befunden erstmals erprobt wurden.
Incidence and pathogenicity of Phytophthora species in beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) stands in Slovakia
Authors: Tkaczyk Miłosz , Sikora Katarzyna , Galko Juraj , Kunca Andrej 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is the main forest-forming species in Slovakia and its share accounts for over 31% of the total forest area in this country. Recently, there are more and more reports of the deterioration of the health of this species in Europe, incl. as a result of the action of pathogens of the genus Phytophthora. The aim of this study is to confirm the presence of pathogens of the genus Phytophthora in beech forests in Slovakia. Ten plots in central and western Slovakia were selected for the study. The presence of: P. x cambivora, P. cactorum, P. plurivora, Globisporangium macrosporum, and G. heterothallicum was confirmed in the samples taken. A pathogenicity test was performed to confirm Koch’s postulates. After three months, the plants were gently taken out, and then: the pathogen was reisolated from the roots to confirm its presence in the tissues, the root systems were scanned and the image was analyzed with WinRhizo software, and finally the roots were dried to obtaining dry biomass. Additionally, during the course of the experiment, the degree of infection of the plants was assessed weekly in order to calculate the area under the disease-progress curve. The conducted research showed the greatest threat from P. x cambivora. In this variant, the symptoms of plant dieback were observed the fastest, as well as the pathogen, compared to the control variant, significantly damaged the root systems.
Agility performance in healthy older adults is associated with handgrip strength and force development: results from a 1-year randomized controlled trial
Authors: Labott Berit K. , Donath Lars 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Handgrip strength is considered as important indicator for general fitness in older adults. However, it does not notably reflect adaptations from whole-body training but may reflect adaptions of multicomponent exercise training. These approaches seem to be more functional and related to relevant daily tasks. Effects of multicomponent agility training on handgrip strength are analysed.

Methods
Healthy older adults (N = 79, 69.3 ± 4.4 years, 64% female) were randomly assigned to an intervention (IG) or control group (CG). IG took part in a twice weekly 60 min multicomponent agility training for 12 months. Adherence rate of the participants was 75
± 10 %.

Results
Neither maximum handgrip strength (Fmax) differed between groups (IG: 318 ± 97 N, CG: 302 ± 92 N) nor did it change after the intervention (IG: 315 ± 90 N, CG: 301 ± 97 N). Mixed ANOVA for Fmax (F(1,49) = 0.018, p = 0.893) revealed no significant group × time interaction with an effect size of $$\eta^2 \leq 0.001$$

η
2

≤
0.001

. Similar results were observed for rate of force development (RFD) (F(1,49) = 0.038, p = 0.847) with an effect size $$\eta^2 = 0.001$$

η
2

=
0.001

. RFD did not differ between groups in pre (IG: 876 ± 585 N/s, CG: 712 ± 303 N/s) and post (IG: 890 ± 424 N/s, CG: 702 ± 368 N/s) measurements. Correlation for ACE and Fmax (r(64) = − 0.367, p = 0.005) and for RFD (r(64) = − 0.487, p < 0.001) was found to be negative.

Conclusion
A 1-year multicomponent agility training does not affect handgrip strength in healthy older adults. However, handgrip strength (Fmax and RFD) is associated with agility, thus both handgrip strength indicators and agility might serve as local and functional vitality surrogates.
Dynamic Response Analysis of High-Speed Maglev-Guideway System
Authors: Dai Jian , Lim Joshua Guan Yi , Ang Kok Keng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeMaglev train travel is an efficient, modern and unconventional mode of transportation of passengers that has many advantages over the conventional railway transportation. In practice, maglev trains are primarily used for city transportation and connection with the airports. They often travel on elevated guideway bridges. This paper is concerned with developing a computationally efficient and accurate numerical method for the dynamic response of a maglev train traversing an “infinitely” long multi-span guideway bridge.MethodsThis study is based on numerical analysis in the time domain. Each guideway span is modelled as a simply supported beam with rotational springs connecting to the adjacent spans. The maglev vehicle is modelled by employing the multi-body system. The vehicle and the guideway are coupled via the electromagnetic force. In the numerical analysis, a computational scheme in conjunction with the MEM is proposed for the global time-domain simulations.ResultsThe accuracy of the proposed computational model is validated by comparison with available data for a maglev test line in the literature. Thereafter, parametric studies are conducted to examine the effects of train speed, stiffness of the suspension system and the coupling connection between adjacent guideway beams, and guideway irregularity on the dynamic response of the train. Results show that a stiffer guideway coupling connection helps to reduce the vertical acceleration of the car body and the vertical displacement of the guideway for the parameters considered in the study.ConclusionsThe computational model presented in this study in conjunction with the moving element method has the advantage of computationally efficient analysis and accurate prediction of the dynamic responses of a maglev train traversing an “infinitely” long multi-span guideway bridge over the conventional finite-element method, especially when the train is travelling at high speeds. The method can be extended to further consider more complex and practical cases.