bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleukin 6 exacerbates the progression of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia by influencing the activity and function of B cells
Authors: Zhao Manjun , Chen Lei , Yang Jin , Zhang Ziying , Wang Huaquan , Shao Zonghong , Liu Xiaoqing , Xing Limin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo explore the effect of IL-6 on the activity and secretory function of B cells and analyze its effect on clinical indicators and efficacy in wAIHA patients. This study included 25 hemolytic wAIHA patients, 13 remission patients, and 10 HCs. Plasma levels of various cytokines were detected using CBA. PBMCs were extracted from 12 hemolytic wAIHA patients and divided into three wells, stimulation with IL-6 and IL-6 + tocilizumab, the blank control wells were also set. After 48 h of in vitro cell culture, percentage of CD5+CD80+, CD5–CD80+,CD5+CD86+,CD5–CD86+,CD5+IL-10+,CD5–IL-10+B cells were determined by flow-cytometry. Plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in hemolytic episode group were significantly higher than that in HCs group (p = 0.0243; p = 0.0214). RBC and Hb levels were negatively correlated with IL-6 levels in wAIHA patients, while LDH levels were positively correlated.Therapeutic effects of glucocorticoid and duration of efficacy were also significantly correlated with IL-6 levels in wAIHA patients. After 48 h in vitro cell culture, percentages of CD80+/CD5+CD19+and CD80+/CD5–CD19+ cells in the IL-6 stimulation group were higher than those in blank control group (p = 0.0019; p = 0.0004), while CD86+/CD5+ CD19+ and CD86+/CD5–CD19+ cells were not statistically different before and after IL-6 stimulation. Percentage of IL-10+/CD5+ CD19+ cells in IL-6 stimulation group was lower than that in blank control (p = 0.0017) and IL-6 + toc (p = 0.0117) group. Percentage of IL-10+/CD5– CD19+cells in the IL-6 stimulation group was lower than that in the blank control group (p = 0.0223). Plasma levels of IL-6 were significantly elevated in hemolytic wAIHA patients and correlated with clinical indicators and efficacy. IL-6 promotes the activation of B cells. Although the results were not statistically significant, IL-6R antagonist tocilizumab may hopefully become a targeted therapy for wAIHA patients.
Polysilyne chains bridged with beryllium lead to flat 2D Dirac materials
Authors: Takahashi Masae 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolysilyne with repeating disilyne units, a silicon analogue of polyacetylene, has a high potential for application to various novel silicon-based electronic devices because of the unique properties of Si=Si units with a smaller HOMO–LUMO energy gap than that of C=C units. However, one-dimensional (1D) polysilyne has not been synthesized yet. Here we propose a planar and air-stable two-dimensional (2D) silicon-based material with one-atom thickness consisting of beryllium-bridged 1D all-trans polysilyne, based on the first-principles calculations. The flat structure of 1D polysilyne, which is essential for the air stability of silicon π-electron conjugated systems, is realized by embedding polysilyne in a planar sheet. It was found that the 2D crystal optimized at the rhombus unit cell with the D2h group symmetry is a silicon-based Dirac semimetal with linear dispersion at the Fermi energy and hosts anisotropic Dirac fermions.
Metabolites for monitoring symptoms and predicting remission in patients with depression who received electroconvulsive therapy: a pilot study
Authors: Uchida Takahito , Sugiura Yuki , Sugiyama Eiji , Maeda Rae , Tanaka Kenji F. , Suematsu Makoto , Mimura Masaru , Uchida Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe lack of biomarkers to monitor and predict the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has hindered its optimal use. To establish metabolomic markers for monitoring and predicting the treatment efficacy of ECT, we comprehensively evaluated metabolite levels in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) by performing targeted and non-targeted metabolomic analyses using plasma samples before and after the first, third, and final ECT sessions, and 3–7 days after the final session. We compared the plasma metabolomes of age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Thirteen hospitalized patients with MDD and their corresponding HCs were included in this study. We observed that patients with MDD exhibited lower levels of amino acids, including gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and metabolites involved in tryptophan metabolism and the kynurenine pathway, and higher levels of cortisol at baseline. Furthermore, we investigated the relationship between metabolite levels and depression severity across seven measurement timepoints along with one correlation analysis and found that amino acids, including GABA and tryptophan catabolites, were significantly correlated with the severity of depression. Despite the exploratory nature of this study due to the limited sample size necessitating further validation, our findings suggest that the blood metabolic profile has potential as a biomarker for ECT.
The Importance of Looking at the REST of the Swallow in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Gregor Jessica W. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
The swallowing continuum is highly complex and interrelated and has both upstream and downstream implications for volitional swallowing behaviors, anatomic and physiologic impairments, and interventions. Pathologic reflux can cause a plethora of upstream anatomic and physiologic changes in the swallow with associated consequences. Although pathologic reflux can occur in isolation, there is a high incidence of both pathologic reflux and esophageal pathology in patients with head and neck cancer. Along with their known oropharyngeal dysfunction that can evolve over time posttreatment and cause downstream effects in the swallowing continuum, pathologic reflux and esophageal pathology can cause upstream effects, further complicating the interplay and contributing to the overall swallowing impairment.

Conclusions:
The entire swallowing continuum should be evaluated with videofluoroscopy at yearly intervals in patients with head and neck cancer so that the multidisciplinary dysphagia team understands the interplay, which informs best interventions. The Robust Esophageal Screening Test (REST) is a standardized, validated esophageal screening protocol that can be implemented during the videofluoroscopic swallowing study to better identify potential esophageal pathology, which can be of complex etiology in this population. Results of a recent quality improvement project implementing REST protocol with patients with head and neck cancer found significant esophageal pathology and enhanced team collaborations and decision making for optimal patient care (Gregor & Watts, 2022).
The nature of the solar wind electron temperature and electron heat flux
Authors: Hubert Daniel , Salem Chadi S. , Pulupa Marc 
Published: August 2023

Aims. We analyze the properties of a phenomenological model of the solar wind electron energy equation in a spherical expansion, with a radial power law for the electron heat flux, a radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and a constant or smooth increase of the solar wind speed.
Methods. We define a critical electron heat flux that is a fraction of the electron thermal energy convected at the solar wind speed, and which plays a crucial role in the electron energy equation solution. When the electron heat flux is equal to the critical heat flux, the electron temperature is driven solely by the dissipation of the heat flux and the electron temperature is a simple radial power law. This defines an heat dissipation dominated (HDD) expansion of the electrons. When the electron heat flux is not equal to the critical electron heat flux, both adiabatic cooling and dissipation of the heat flux drive the electron temperature evolution. These two processes are quantitatively evaluated all along the expansion, in a composite expression of the electron temperature.
Results. We establish generic radial electron temperature laws for different values of the electron heat flux index α. We discuss the derivation of the electron temperature as ∝r−2/7 in the solar wind. We show that a model of the electron energy equation where the Spitzer and Härm (SH) heat conduction law is a closure, with a constant or smooth increase of the solar wind speed and a radial IMF, is an HDD expansion. We also show that the electron temperature follows a radial power law as ∝r−0.4. We obtain constraints on the nature of the electron temperature and the electron heat flux power law index for the SH law to be verified in a large range of radial distance from the Sun. An application of the generic temperature law to kinetic numerical simulations of the solar wind accurately predicts the electron temperature characteristics and evolution.
Diagnostik und Therapie bei der Hüftgelenksluxation des
Schafes
Authors: Altenbrunner-Martinek Birgit , Schieder Katrin , Vidoni Britta , Wittek Thomas , Krametter-Frötscher Reinhild 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungEin 2,5 Jahre altes weibliches Walliser Schwarznasenschaf wurde mit dem
Vorbericht einer plötzlich nach dem Scheren aufgetretenen Lahmheit an
die Universitätsklinik für Wiederkäuer der
Veterinärmedizinischen Universität Wien überwiesen. Das
Schaf zeigte eine mittelgradige gemischte Lahmheit der rechten
Hinterextremität, der Hüftgelenksbereich war bei Palpation
schmerzhaft, die Beckengliedmaße wurde gestreckt vorgeführt.
Nach der klinischen Untersuchung wurde die Verdachtsdiagnose einer
rechtsseitigen Hüftgelenkluxation gestellt, die im Anschluss
radiologisch bestätigt wurde. Es lag eine Luxatio ossis femoris dextra
nach kaudoventral und medial vor. Unter Vollnarkose erfolgte eine offene,
manuelle Reposition. Als prosthetischer Bandersatz für das Femurkopfband
wurde ein Toggle Pin eingesetzt, die weitere Stabilisierung erfolgte mittels
einer iliofemoralen Schlingenfixation in der Faszie der Glutealmuskulatur. Die
Bewegungsmöglichkeiten des Schafes während der postoperativen
Heilungsphase wurden stark eingeschränkt und 8 Wochen Boxenruhe
eingehalten. Die Heilung verlief komplikationslos. Bei telefonischer Nachfrage 6
Monate nach dem chirurgischen Eingriff war das Schaf lahmheitsfrei, lief mit der
Herde mit und zeigte ein ungestörtes Allgemeinverhalten.Die offene, chirurgische Reposition des Hüftgelenkes nach erfolgter
Luxation ist auch beim Schaf sehr gut durchführbar, die Wahl der
Operationstechniken wird vom Ausmaß der traumatischen Schädigung
und der Luxationsrichtung bestimmt. Limitierend für den Operationserfolg
und den Einsatz in der Nutztierpraxis sind neben dem raschen Eingreifen nach
erfolgtem Trauma vorwiegend die Bereitschaft des Tierbesitzers, die mit dem
Eingriff in Vollnarkose verbundenen Kosten zu tragen und die lange postoperative
Nachbetreuung mit kontrollierter Bewegungseinschränkung
durchzuführen.
Visible-Light-Promoted Synthesis of Vinyloxaziridines from Conjugated Carbonyls
Authors: Moura-Letts Gustavo , Austin Brooke E. , Palner Ryan P. , Tobias Elissa M. , Madiu Rufai , Doran Erin L. , Doran Jenna M. , Howard Amari M. , Stroud James L. , Rossi Morgan E. , Moskovitz Dylan A. , Rivera Dominic A. , Mullen Michael D. , Zinsky Amy H. , Rosario Rose A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe report the first visible-light-promoted synthesis of vinyloxaziridines from simple conjugated nitrones. We have found that vinyl nitrones formed by the condensation reaction between conjugated carbonyls and hydroxylamines undergo visible-light-promoted energy-transfer isomerization to the respective vinyloxaziridines in very high yields and selectivities. The reaction scope expands to a large array of substitution patterns, and evidence indicates that the proposed energy-transfer pathway is the predominant mechanism for this transformation.
Correction of Angular Limb Deformities in Two Dogs Using a Conformation-Based Surgical Approach and Planning Software
Authors: Wyatt Tyler J. , Lynch Albert C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to describe a novel conformation-based approach to surgical planning and execution, as well as novel orthopaedic planning and rehearsal software. This report presents two cases of angular limb deformity correction, utilizing a novel conformation-based technique. A combination of computed tomography and radiographs was used to characterize the deformities for each case. Case 1 presented with a biapical deformity of the left antebrachium. Case 2 presented with deformities affecting the left femur and tibia. Rendering of a three-dimensional (3D) bone model, surgical planning, and production of multistep surgical jigs were executed using a traditional mesh-modeling workflow for case 1, whereas case 2 utilized the described novel software. No intraoperative complications were encountered while using the surgical kits. The multistep surgical jigs facilitated major procedural steps with precision, including application of definitive fixation. The novel software reduced the surgical planning time and the operator's requirement for 3D modeling skill. All osteotomies were stabilized in compression with acceptable alignment and good patient outcomes. This novel conformation-based approach and planning software, developed by the corresponding author, may provide an alternative method of correcting canine angular limb deformities. Further research on this technique and software is indicated before commercial availability.
Impact of Maternal Diabetes Mellitus on Neonatal Outcomes among Infants <32 Weeks of Gestation in China: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Yuan Jing , Gu Xinyue , Yang Jie , Lin Xinzhu , Hu Jingfei , Jiang Siyuan , Du Lizhong , Zhou Wenhao , Cao Yun , Lee Shoo K. , Shan Ruobing , Zhang Lan ,   the Chinese Neonatal Network
Published: August 2023

Objective Our study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal diabetes mellitus (MDM) and mortality and major morbidities for very preterm infants, as well as the effects of insulin-treated MDM, in the Chinese population.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study included all preterm infants born at 240/7 to 316/7 weeks of gestation and admitted to 57 tertiary neonatal intensive care units participating in the Chinese Neonatal Network in 2019. All infants were followed up until discharging from the hospitals.
Results A total of 9,244 very preterm infants were enrolled, with 1,584 (17.1%) born to mothers with MDM. The rates of mortality or any major morbidity in the MDM and non-MDM groups were 45.9% (727/1,584) and 48.1% (3,682/7,660), respectively. After adjustment, the risk of mortality or any morbidity was not significantly increased in the MDM group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–1.22) compared with the non-MDM group. Among MDM mothers with treatment data, 18.0% (256/1,420) were treated with insulin. Insulin-treated MDM was not independently associated with the risk of mortality or any morbidity (aOR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.76–1.34) among very preterm infants, but it was associated with an elevated risk of severe retinopathy of prematurity (aOR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.13–5.04).
Conclusion While the MDM diagnostic rate for mothers of very preterm infants was high in China, MDM was not associated with mortality or major morbidities for very preterm infants.
Key Points
Perception of Supervisory Styles
Authors: Schaaf Stephanie , Liljequist Laura , Wilson Randal , Hart Sharon B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSupervision is a dynamic and challenging leadership process that remains an essential element within the field of speech-language pathology. This study examines a facet of the supervisory relationship and investigates whether supervision styles are similarly perceived by the supervisor and supervisee and if a mismatch in perceptions relates to satisfaction between supervisor–supervisee dyads. Data were collected through completion of a demographic questionnaire as well as the Supervisory Style Inventory, which categorizes supervisory style as being attractive, interpersonally sensitive, task-oriented, or mixed. Findings demonstrate notable variance in the self-reported supervisor style and the style supervisees perceived as being demonstrated with over half (66%) of supervisor–supervisee dyads reporting a perceived mismatch in style. There was not a significant difference in the level of supervisee satisfaction for supervisor dyads reporting a match in style compared with mismatch. Satisfaction was correlated with all three reported style characteristics; however, interpersonal and task-oriented supervisory style characteristics were more strongly correlated with supervisee satisfaction. Having a mixed style was the only style that was significantly correlated with supervisees reporting having their needs met. Discussions include practical implications, limitations of the study, as well as recommendations for future research.
A Neuroenteric Cyst of the Cavernous Sinus: A Case Report
Authors: Elshamy Walid , Ozaydin Burak , Sayyahmelli Sima , Salamat M. Shahriar , Baskaya Mustafa K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Neuroenteric cysts (NECs) are benign lesions mostly found as intradural extramedullary lesions in the cervicothoracic spinal cord. NECs in the cavernous sinus are very rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is only the second reported case and the first in an adult.
Presentation We present a left cavernous sinus NEC in a 75-year-old female with gradually worsening headache and facial pain unresponsive to medical treatment. Imaging revealed a cystic mass lesion in the left cavernous sinus encasing the distal petrosal and cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery. Initial differential diagnoses included more common pathologies located near the cavernous sinus, including cystic schwannoma, craniopharyngioma, and dermoid and epidermoid tumors. The patient underwent a left pterional craniotomy with an extradural transcavernous approach for surgical exploration and possible resection of this mass lesion. Histopathology revealed an NEC lined with benign respiratory-type epithelium. Postoperative imaging revealed gross total tumor resection. The patient remained neurologically intact with complete resolution of facial pain.
Conclusion We present a rare pathology that can easily be misinterpreted as other types of lesions. NECs should be kept in mind for differential diagnosis of cavernous sinus cystic lesions. The surgical aim should be maximal safe excision.
Nested invariant tori foliating a vector field and its curl: Toward MHD equilibria and steady Euler flows in toroidal domains without continuous Euclidean isometries
Authors: Sato Naoki , Yamada Michio 
Published: August 2023

This paper studies the problem of finding a three-dimensional solenoidal vector field such that both the vector field and its curl are tangential to a given family of toroidal surfaces. We show that this question can be translated into the problem of determining a periodic solution with periodic derivatives of a two-dimensional linear elliptic second-order partial differential equation on each toroidal surface and prove the existence of smooth solutions. Examples of smooth solutions foliated by toroidal surfaces that are not invariant under continuous Euclidean isometries are also constructed explicitly, and they are identified as equilibria of anisotropic magnetohydrodynamics. The problem examined here represents a weaker version of a fundamental mathematical problem that arises in the context of magnetohydrodynamics and fluid mechanics concerning the existence of regular equilibrium magnetic fields and steady Euler flows in bounded domains without continuous Euclidean isometries. The existence of such configurations represents a key theoretical issue for the design of the confining magnetic field in nuclear fusion reactors known as stellarators.
Recovery of multiple parameters in subdiffusion from one lateral boundary measurement
Authors: Cen Siyu , Jin Bangti , Liu Yikan , Zhou Zhi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This work is concerned with numerically recovering multiple parameters simultaneously in the subdiffusion model from one single lateral measurement on a part of the boundary, while in an incompletely known medium. We prove that the boundary measurement corresponding to a fairly general boundary excitation uniquely determines the order of the fractional derivative and the polygonal support of the diffusion coefficient, without knowing either the initial condition or the source. The uniqueness analysis further inspires the development of a robust numerical algorithm for recovering the fractional order and diffusion coefficient. The proposed algorithm combines small-time asymptotic expansion, analytic continuation of the solution and the level set method. We present extensive numerical experiments to illustrate the feasibility of the simultaneous recovery. In addition, we discuss the uniqueness of recovering general diffusion and potential coefficients from one single partial boundary measurement, when the boundary excitation is more specialized.
Multifunctional starch-based double-network hydrogels as electronic skin
Authors: Zheng Anbo , Qin Yuxiang , Xia Qing , Chen Yanxu , Zhang Xueshuo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The realization of flexible pressure sensors that could mimic the perception functions of human skin (touch, temperature, and humidity) is important for development of electronic skin. However, the design and preparation of highly sensitive sensors for multifunctional sensing of pressure, temperature and humidity remains a challenge. Here, we first designed and prepared a flexible starch/polyacrylamide (PAM) double-network hydrogel, with additional introduction of Na+ and Cl− to further enhance the electrical properties. Subsequently, a multifunctional pressure sensor was fabricated by sandwiching a microstructured starch-based hydrogel into two flexible AgNWs electrodes. In the test run, the prepared sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 48.35 kPa−1, a fast response time of 11 ms, and remarkable mechanical stability (>3000 cycles). Given the satisfactory performance for pressure sensing, we demonstrated the ability of the sensor to monitor various human dynamics. Moreover, the starch-based hydrogel was further developed as a flexible temperature and humidity sensor for its water absorption and swelling properties. In particular, the asynchrony of pressure, temperature and humidity strains (straining to stability at 11 ms, 2 s and 10 s, respectively) resulted in the automatic separation of different electrical signals. The intuitive interpretation of the data without involving complex parameter separation calculations allowed the starch-based hydrogels to be developed as an integrated, multifunctional sensor of pressure, temperature and humidity with high sensitivity and flexibility. The above properties suggest that the prepared bio-based hydrogels may provide a new solution for the prospect of green and multifunctional electronic skin development.
Implementation of logical operations using antiferromagnetic helical molecule
Authors: Das Gupta Debjani , Maiti Santanu K 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
For the first time, we explore all possible two-input logical operations (OR, AND, NOT, NOR, NAND, XOR, and XNOR) using a single-stranded antiferromagnetic (AFM) helix system. The AFM helix produces a large amount of spin current in the presence of a transverse electric field. The spin current, considered as the output, can be tuned by the strength and direction of the electric field that are taken as the inputs of the logic gates. All the results are spin-based, which reduces the loss due to heating energy, and since the operations are reprogrammable, one can have all the gates in a single system simply by rearranging the setup. Based on the growth of experimental realization of AFM helical systems we believe that our results can be verified and may lead to a new direction in the branch of AFM spintronics.