bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship of history of psychiatric and substance use disorders on risk of dementia among racial and ethnic groups in the United States
Authors: Aranda María P. , Liang Jiaming , Wang Xinhui , Schneider Lon S. , Chui Helena C. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionDementia is characterized by significant declines in cognitive, physical, social, and behavioral functioning, and includes multiple subtypes that differ in etiology. There is limited evidence of the influence of psychiatric and substance use history on the risk of dementia subtypes among older underrepresented racial/ethnic minorities in the United States. Our study explored the role of psychiatric and substance use history on the risk of etiology-specific dementias: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD), in the context of a racially and ethnically diverse sample based on national data.MethodsWe conducted secondary data analyses based on the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (N = 17,592) which is comprised a large, racially, and ethnically diverse cohort of adult research participants in the network of US Alzheimer Disease Research Centers (ADRCs). From 2005 to 2019, participants were assessed for history of five psychiatric and substance use disorders (depression, traumatic brain injury, other psychiatric disorders, alcohol use, and other substance use). Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the influence of psychiatric and substance use history on the risk of AD and VaD subtypes, and the interactions between psychiatric and substance use history and race/ethnicity with adjustment for demographic and health-related factors.ResultsIn addition to other substance use, having any one type of psychiatric and substance use history increased the risk of developing AD by 22–51% and VaD by 22–53%. The risk of other psychiatric disorders on AD and VaD risk varied by race/ethnicity. For non-Hispanic White people, history of other psychiatric disorders increased AD risk by 27%, and VaD risk by 116%. For African Americans, AD risk increased by 28% and VaD risk increased by 108% when other psychiatric disorder history was present.ConclusionThe findings indicate that having psychiatric and substance use history increases the risk of developing AD and VaD in later life. Preventing the onset and recurrence of such disorders may prevent or delay the onset of AD and VaD dementia subtypes. Prevention efforts should pay particular attention to non-Hispanic White and African American older adults who have history of other psychiatric disorders.Future research should address diagnostic shortcomings in the measurement of such disorders in ADRCs, especially with regard to diverse racial and ethnic groups.
Comprehensive analysis of the ionospheric response to the largest geomagnetic storms from solar cycle 24 over Europe
Authors: Berényi K. A. , Heilig B. , Urbář J. , Kouba D. , Kis Á. , Barta V. 
Published: April 2023

A multi-instrumental analysis of the meridional ionospheric response is presented over Europe during the two largest ICME-driven geomagnetic storms of solar cycle #24 maximum. Data from 5 European digisonde stations, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System, Total Electron Content (GNSS TEC), the ratio of the TEC difference (rTEC), as well as Swarm and Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere, Energetics and Dynamics (TIMED) satellite observations have been used for the investigation of selected intervals (11–17 November, 2012, and 16–25 March, 2015). The storm evolution is monitored by digisonde foF2 critical frequency (related to the maximum electron density of F2-layer) and GNSS TEC data. Moreover, Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) measurements from the TIMED satellite are used to investigate the changes in the thermospheric O/N2 ratio. Our main focus was on the main phase of the geomagnetic storms, when during the nighttime hours extremely depleted plasma was detected. The extreme depletion is observed in foF2, TEC and rTEC, which is found to be directly connected to the equatorward motion of the midlatitude ionospheric trough (MIT) on the nightside. We demonstrate a method (beside the existing ones) which allows the monitoring of the storm-time evolution of the disturbances (e.g., MIT, SAPS, SED) in the thermosphere-ionosphere-plasmasphere system by the combined analysis of the worldwide digisonde system data (with the drift measurements and the ionospheric layer parameters with 5–15 min cadence), with rTEC and GNSS TEC data, and with the satellite data like Swarm, TIMED/GUVI.
The relationship between pitching parameters and release points of different pitch types in major league baseball players
Authors: Hashimoto Yasuhiro , Nagami Tomoyuki , Yoshitake Shinji , Nakata Hiroki 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to deepen our understanding of pitches and to obtain basic knowledge about pitches by comparing 4-seam and other pitches in Major League Baseball (MLB).MethodsWe analyzed big data for 1,820 professional baseball pitchers of MLB on release speed, spin rate, release point 3D coordinates (X, Y, and Z axes), amount of change for 4-seam, and seven changing ball types (sinker, slider, changeup, cutter, curve, split finger, and knuckle curve), using PITCHf/x and TrackMan. We also evaluated three relationships: (1) between the release points and the ball types of pitch; (2) between the amount of change in the ball and the release speed; and (3) between the release speed and the spin rate.ResultsThe release speed was significantly slower in seven changing ball types than in the 4-seam (p &lt; 0.01, respectively). The spin rate and the amount of change (ΔX and ΔZ) were significantly different between 4-seam and seven changing ball types (p &lt; 0.01, respectively). Release point 3D coordinates (X, Y, and Z axes) were significantly different between 4-seam and slider, cutter, and curve (p &lt; 0.01, respectively). Based on these findings, the eight pitch types were mainly divided into three groups: 4-seam, curve, and off-speed pitch types.ConclusionSeven changing ball types included specific characteristics for each parameter. The correspondence among the release speed, ΔX, and ΔZ at the 3D coordinates is an arch with 4-seam as the apex. Our results suggest an effective strategy for changing the release point and displacement of a ball's trajectory to improve the performance of baseball pitchers.
The characteristics of head and neck squamous cell cancer in young adults: A retrospective single-center study
Authors: Révész Mónika , Oberna Ferenc , Slezák András , Ferenczi Örs , Kenessey István , Takácsi-Nagy Zoltán 
Published: April 2023

We aimed to characterize clinical and prognostical factors of primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in 85 young patients (≤39 years, median age: 37 years; between 2000–2018) in comparison with 140 institutional general HNSCC patients (median age: 61.5 years). The patient’s medical records were collected from the institutional database. The prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption (65.8% and 48.1%) in the young group exceeded the regional population average but was below the institutional (86.4% and 55%) general HNSCC patient population. Primary tumor sites in the group of young patients were as follows: oral cavity (56.4%), oropharynx (17.6%), hypopharynx (11.7%), and larynx (14.1%). Cumulative five-year overall survival was 44.2% in the young group, but significantly better with early T (T1-2 vs. T3-4: 52.6% vs. 26.7%; p = 0.0058) and N0 status (N0 vs. N+: 65.2% vs. 32.3%; p = 0.0013). Young age, abstinence, earlier stage and laryngeal tumor site might predict a better prognosis. The age distribution and the high prevalence of traditional risk factors among the young patients as well as the predominance of oral cavity tumor localization suggest that the early onset of tumor development could be originated from the premature failure of the intrinsic protective mechanisms.
Theoretical Investigation of Electron–Ion Recombination Process of Mg-like Gold
Authors: Xie Luyou , He Wenliang , Niu Shengbo , Rui Jinglin , Ma Yulong , Dong Chenzhong 
Published: April 2023

The L-shell dielectronic and trielectronic recombinations of highly charged Mg-like gold ions (Au67+) in the ground state 2s22p63s2 1S0 have been studied systematically. The recombination cross-sections and rate coefficients are carefully calculated for ∆n = 1 (2s/2p → 3l) transitions using a flexible atomic code based on the relativistic configuration interaction method and considering the Breit and QED corrections. Detailed resonance energies and resonance strengths are presented for the stronger resonances of the LMn (n = 3–12) series. It is found that the contributions of the trielectronic recombination to the total cross-section is about 13.75%, which cannot be neglected. For convenience of application, the plasma rate coefficients are also calculated and fitted to a semiempirical formula, and in the calculations, the contributions from the higher excited resonance groups n ≥ 13 are evaluated by an extrapolation method, which is about 2.93% of the total rate coefficient.
Genome-Wide Identification of the Light-Harvesting Chlorophyll a/b Binding Protein Gene Family in Pyrus bretschneideri and Their Transcriptomic Features under Drought Stress
Authors: Wu Ruigang , Ran Kun , Zhao Shuliang , Cheng Fuhou 
Published: April 2023

Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b binding (Lhc) proteins play a key role in the efficiency of the photosynthetic system of plants and participate in the regulation of plant growth, development, and the response to abiotic stress. In this study, 28 PbrLhc genes of the family were identified in the pear Pyrus bretschneideri genome database, which were distributed on 25 of the 27 chromosomes. Phylogenetic relationship analysis demonstrated that PbrLhc proteins could be divided into five subfamilies. Using MEME Suite, PlantRegMap, and Softberry, the conserved motifs, transcription binding sites, and predicated location of all PbrLhc proteins, respectively, were determined. A collinearity relationship using MCScanX software showed that there was a collinearity relationship between different PbrLhc genes. Using the hierarchical clustering method to develop a heat map of gene expression, five genes were found to be down-regulated under irrigation treatment and up-regulated under drought treatment; seven genes were up-regulated under irrigation treatment and down-regulated under drought treatment. Finally, the results of these analyses will provide theoretical basis for future study on the function and differential expression of PbrLhc genes in response to drought stress.
Mechanism of thermal runaway in solar cells
Authors: Nakamura Tetsuya , Imaizumi Mitsuru , Murai Kazuya , Kawamura Ryuta , Nanno Ikuo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To clarify the mechanism of thermal runaway in solar cells, our study included experiments and simulations that focused on changes in the size of the shunt spot where thermal runaway occurs. Our analysis suggests that the rapid temperature increase of the shunt spot leading to failure is caused by the positive feedback of increased backflow current, increased heat generation, and reduced shunt spot size (i.e. increased combined thermal resistance between the shunt spot and normal cell area). The thermal runaway tolerance can be improved by designing solar cells with negative feedback that prevents positive feedback from progressing.
Thermoelectric performance of Fe2V0.9W0.1Al thin films deposited on n-type Si substrates
Authors: Machda Fahmi , Singh Saurabh , Kuga Kentaro , Ang Artoni K. R. , Matsunami Masaharu , Takeuchi Tsunehiro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Fe2V0.9W0.1Al thin films are prepared on n-type Si substrates by means of rf magnetron sputtering with varied substrate temperatures from 743–1043 K, then subsequently annealed for one hour in a vacuum at 1043 K. The thin films deposited at 1043 K are chemically degraded, exhibiting a low Seebeck coefficient, –65 μV K–1, at 330 K. On the other hand, the films deposited at 943 K possess –100 μV K–1 in a Seebeck coefficient at around 330–350 K, which is very similar to the Seebeck coefficient of the bulk W-substituted Fe2VAl that possesses a well-ordered L21 structure. The maximum power factor of 1.6 mWm–1 K–2 was obtained for the sample deposited at 943 K. Accordingly, with the thermal conductivity of 3.5 Wm−1 K−1, the figure of merit reached up to ZT = 0.16, which is comparable with Fe2V0.9W0.1Al of bulks and two times larger than that of the thin films of Si-substituted Fe2VAl.
Strain-induced magnetic anisotropy in Heusler alloys studied from first principles
Authors: Yatmeidhy Amran Mahfudh , Gohda Yoshihiro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We report the microscopic origin of strain-mediated changes in the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of the Co2FeSi, Co2MnSi, and Fe3Si Heusler alloys from the viewpoint of first-principles electron theory. Both Co2FeSi and Co2MnSi have similar anisotropy changes upon induced strain within the (001) plane, where the quadrupole moment due to Co minority-spin states dominates the anisotropy modulation, and, thus, giant magnetoelectric couplings in multiferroic heterointerfaces containing these compounds. In contrast, the strain-induced anisotropy modulation in Fe3Si has mixed contributing factors not limited to the anisotropy term of the orbital magnetic moment and the quadrupole term.
Acoustic emission enhancement and self-centering effect via an extreme anisotropic metamaterial
Authors: Lei Yunzhong , Wu Jiu Hui , Wang Libo , Huang Yao , Yang Shaokun , Niu Jiamin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
An extreme anisotropic metamaterial consisting of one central cavity, eight zigzag and straight channels is proposed, aiming to achieve acoustic emission enhancement and self-centering effect. By placing a monopole source in the center of the metamaterial, acoustic emission enhancement can be achieved through the resonance in the zigzag channels and the monopole resonances. Theory and simulation confirm the self-centering effect of the proposed metamaterial, that is, when monopole sources are placed away from the center of the metamaterial, the external sound field can still be regarded as a uniform sound field generated by a monopole source placed in the center.
Battery-less optically-powered miniaturized glucose sensor with 12 mm diameter for continuous glucose measurement system
Authors: Shimizu Takayuki , Miura Ryo , Fukamachi Masato , Yokoshiki Yasufumi , Tokuda Takashi , Shibahara Takuya , Kawaura Daigo , Kudo Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Diabetes is a typical lifestyle-related disease and blood glucose measurement plays an important role in daily health management and appropriate treatment for patients. Continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) is becoming common for general patients. In this paper, an optically-powered battery-less glucose sensor device with a 12 mm diameter is presented. The sensor is expected to be used for next-generation CGMS. The sensor is equipped with series-connected ultra-small photovoltaic cells as the power source. Circuit design and characterization, fabrication, and evaluation of a wireless sensor device are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed sensor architecture.
Electrode Effects in mmWave Frequency Multilayer Bulk Acoustic Wave Resonators
Authors: Peng Wenhao 
Published: April 2023

<p>Electrodes are placed in acoustic resonators to set electrical boundary conditions, and they inevitably are acoustically part of the structure for a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonator that affect both its electromechanical coupling coefficient and its quality factor. In this work, a modal analysis is performed to obtain a closed-form expression for electromechanical coupling coefficient from material constants. The impact on electromechanical coupling coefficient effects due to the characterstic acoustic impedance of electrodes is observed in half wavelength per layer structures. Thermoelastic damping (TED) has been identified as the dominant acoustic loss mechanism in conductors. In this work, acoustic quality factors due to TED for common metals in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) processing are calculated to facilitate the observation of the quality factor effects of electrodes. It is observed that there are different strengths among characteristic acoustic impedance, acoustic quality factor, and electrical conductivity in different electrode metals.</p>
Discursos del futuro tras la pandemia
Authors: Fernández Poncela Ana María , Fernández Poncela Ana María 
Published: April 2023

En los últimos tiempos se ha pasado de un discurso social sobre el futuro con aires de mejora, complacencia y progreso, e incluso en algún momento utópico, a un discurso impregnado de mensajes distópicos e incluso catastróficos y apocalípticos, por un lado, y de otro una euforia en torno a la tecnología como futuro prometedor y poco menos que inevitable. El objetivo es, en primer lugar, revisar de manera muy general las narrativas orientadas al futuro en los últimos tiempos desde distintos ámbitos –pensadores y cultura–. Para en segundo lugar, profundizar y analizar las expresiones de la gente sobre su mirada al futuro, durante la pandemia, el papel de la ciencia y su sentir emocional, a través de entrevistas a la población.
Se concluye que sí hay un contexto social de discursos pesimistas y distópicos, entre pensadores y en la cultura, y no obstante que la población considera que la pandemia y sus problemas se prolongarán, confía volver a la normalidad, cree en la mejora por la ciencia y expresa esperanzas en el futuro de la humanidad. En conclusión, el discurso de la gente común parece menos catastrófico y más esperanzado que el de intelectuales o los medios, todo ello en consonancia con el discurso entusiasta de la innovación tecnológica.
Probing the Cold Neutral Medium through H I Emission Morphology with the Scattering Transform
Authors: Lei Minjie , Clark S. E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Neutral hydrogen (H I) emission exhibits complex morphology that encodes rich information about the physics of the interstellar medium. We apply the scattering transform (ST) to characterize the H I emission structure via a set of compact and interpretable coefficients, and find a connection between the H I emission morphology and H I cold neutral medium (CNM) phase content. Where H I absorption measurements are unavailable, the H I phase structure is typically estimated from the emission via spectral line decomposition. Here, we present a new probe of the CNM content using measures that are solely derived from H I emission spatial information. We apply the ST to GALFA-H I data at high Galactic latitudes (

b

>
30
°

), and compare the resulting coefficients to CNM fraction measurements derived from archival H I emission and absorption spectra. We quantify the correlation between the ST coefficients and the measured CNM fraction (f
CNM), finding that the H I emission morphology encodes substantial f
CNM-correlating information and that ST-based metrics for small-scale linearity are particularly predictive of f
CNM. This is further corroborated by the enhancement of the I
857/N
HI ratio with larger ST measures of small-scale linearity. These results are consistent with the picture of regions with higher CNM content being more populated by small-scale filamentary H I structures. Our work illustrates a physical connection between the H I morphology and phase content, and suggests that future phase decomposition methods can be improved by making use of both H I spectral and spatial information.
Fundamental Evaluations of the Sealability of Premium Joints in CCS Wells
Authors: Inose Keita , Abe Tomoka , Yamaguchi Suguru , Ugai Shin , Wada Akira , Ando Yoshinori 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the sealability of premium threaded joints (PJs) in carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) wells using finite element analysis (FEA) and small-scale fundamental gas tightness tests. During the operation of CCS wells, the inner surface of the tubing can reach extremely low temperatures. This cooling may decrease the metal-to-metal seal contact energy and/or change the viscoelastic properties of the applied lubricants, affecting the sealability of the PJs. Firstly, the extreme temperature differential, simulating the worst-case transient state in a tubing, was evaluated using FEA, in which the PIN inner surface was simulated at -80 °C and BOX outer surface was maintained at 25 °C. Secondly, the impact of different lubricating systems on sealability was evaluated via small-scale fundamental gas tightness tests under extremely low-temperature conditions. Additionally, dynamic viscoelasticity measurements for lubricants under extremely low-temperature conditions were conducted. The FEA results indicated that the impact of the temperature change on the minimum seal contact energy while applying a combined loading cycle was limited, even though the temperature of the metal seal surface was cooled to approximately -40 °C under an extreme temperature differential. Small-scale tests demonstrated that the sealability of an environmentally friendly thread compound (the so-called yellow dope) and solid lubricating film were equivalent to or higher at -40 °C than those observed at 25 °C. By contrast, an API dope, which is the standardized thread compound for PJs specified by the American Petroleum Institute (API), has a low sealability at -40 °C. By measuring the dynamic viscoelasticity of these lubricants, we demonstrated that an API dope can exhibit a glass transition point at approximately -50 °C, while the yellow dope transition occurred at approximately -75 °C. This difference in viscoelasticity properties at extremely low temperatures corresponds to the changing sealability characteristics. Specifically, an excessive increase in viscosity (API dope) would deteriorate the sealability, while a minor increase in viscosity (yellow dope) would improve the sealability. Dynamic viscoelasticity measurements also demonstrated that the properties of these dopes once cooled to -80 °C returned to their original states after heating to 25 °C. This indicates that PJs are also expected to retain their original sealability performances after being subjected to extreme temperature hysteresis.