bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Watching with Argus eyes: Characterization of emotional and physiological responding in adults exposed to childhood maltreatment and/or recent adversity
Authors: Koppold Alina , Kastrinogiannis Alexandros , Kuhn Manuel , Lonsdorf Tina B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExposure to adverse experiences is a well‐established major risk factor for affective psychopathology. The vulnerability of deleterious sequelae is assumed in maladaptive processes of the defensive system, particularly in emotional processing. More specifically, childhood maltreatment has been suggested to be associated with the recruitment of specific and distinct defensive response profiles. To date, it remains unclear whether these are specific or generalizable to recent adversity in adulthood. This pre‐registered study aimed to investigate the impact of exposure to childhood and recent adversity on emotional processing in 685 healthy adults with the “Affective Startle Modulation” Paradigm (ASM). First, we replicated higher trait anxiety and depression levels in individuals exposed to both types of adversity. Second, we observed increased general skin conductance reactivity in individuals exposed to recent adversity. Third, individualsexposed to childhood maltreatmentshowed reduced, while individualsexposed to recent adversityshowed increased discrimination between pictures of negative and neutral valence, compared with non‐exposed individuals in SCR. No association between exposure to adversity and fear potentiated startle was observed. Furthermore, explorative analyses revealed moderate dimensional and categorical agreement between two childhood maltreatment questionnaires and provide insight into potential adversity‐type specific effects. Our results support experience‐dependent plasticity in sympathetic nervous system reactivity and suggest distinct response profiles in affective modulation in individuals exposed to early versus recent adversity. We emphasize the need to further explore distinct adversity profiles to further our understanding on specific psychophysiological profiles and their potential implication for prevention and intervention.
Measuring Contraceptive Autonomy at Two Sites in Burkina Faso: A First Attempt to Measure a Novel Family Planning Indicator
Authors: Senderowicz Leigh , Bullington Brooke W. , Sawadogo Nathalie , Tumlinson Katherine , Langer Ana , Soura Abdramane , Zabré Pascal , Sié Ali 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere is growing consensus in the family planning community around the need for novel measures of autonomy. Existing literature highlights the tension between efforts to pursue contraceptive targets and maximize uptake on the one hand, and efforts to promote quality, person‐centeredness, and contraceptive autonomy on the other hand. Here, we pilot a novel measure of contraceptive autonomy, measuring it at two Health and Demographic Surveillance System sites in Burkina Faso. We conducted a population‐based survey with 3,929 women of reproductive age, testing an array of new survey items within the three subdomains of informed choice, full choice, and free choice. In addition to providing tentative estimates of the prevalence of contraceptive autonomy and its subdomains in our sample of Burkinabè women, we critically examine which parts of the proposed methodology worked well, what challenges/limitations we encountered, and what next steps might be for refining, improving, and validating the indicator. We demonstrate that contraceptive autonomy can be measured at the population level but a number of complex measurement challenges remain. Rather than a final validated tool, we consider this a step on a long road toward a more person‐centered measurement agenda for the global family planning community.
Right‐wing populism against diploma democracy. The evolution of parliamentary elites in Austria, Italy, and Switzerland
Authors: Mazzoleni Oscar , Pilotti Andrea , Anselmi Manuel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAre the sociological profiles of radical right‐wing populist parties' (RRPPs) representatives really unlike those of their counterparts in mainstream parties? Once RRPPs occupy positions of legislative power for an extended period, do their MPs' profiles increasingly converge with those of more mainstream parties? This paper examines three right‐wing parties in Austria, Italy, and Switzerland (FPÖ, LEGA, and SVP), and shows how RRPPs' MPs persistently contrast the “diploma democracy”, that is the increasingly dominant high‐educated trend in political representation. Inspired by the current scholarship's diachronic and comparative perspectives of political elites and MPs, the analysis focuses trends since the 1980s.
Effects of dimension reduction of hyperspectral images in skin gross pathology
Authors: Aloupogianni Eleni , Ishikawa Masahiro , Ichimura Takaya , Hamada Mei , Murakami Takuo , Sasaki Atsushi , Nakamura Koichiro , Kobayashi Naoki , Obi Takashi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundHyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an emerging modality for the gross pathology of the skin. Spectral signatures of HSI could discriminate malignant from benign tissue. Because of inherent redundancies in HSI and in order to facilitate the use of deep‐learning models, dimension reduction is a common preprocessing step. The effects of dimension reduction choice, training scope, and number of retained dimensions have not been evaluated on skin HSI for segmentation tasks.Materials and methodsAn in‐house dataset of HSI signatures from pigmented skin lesions was prepared and labeled with histology. Eleven different dimension reduction methods were used as preprocessing for tumor margin detection with support vector machines. Cluster‐wise principal component analysis (ClusterPCA), a new variant of PCA, was proposed. The scope of application for dimension reduction was also investigated.ResultsThe components produced by ClusterPCA show good agreement with the expected optical properties of skin chromophores. Random forest importance performed best during classification. However, all methods suffered from low sensitivity and generalization.ConclusionInvestigation of more complex reduction and segmentation schemes with emphasis on the nature of HSI and optical properties of the skin is necessary. Insights on dimension reduction for skin tissue could facilitate the development of HSI‐based systems for cancer margin detection at gross level.
Emotional response to U.K. political party leader facial displays of affiliation, reward, and ambiguity during Brexit
Authors: Stewart Patrick A. , Lee Nick , Bucy Erik P. , Senior Carl 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveOn December 12, 2019, the United Kingdom's ruling Conservative Party called an election that put the country's 2016 “Brexit” referendum on leaving the European Union to the test. The divisive campaign and a polarized electorate culminated in large losses by opposition Labour and Liberal Democratic parties. Amid a polarized electorate, lingering questions arise as to whether the election results reflect more upon partisan ties or the respective party leaders' ability to emotionally connect with followers through their nonverbal behavior.MethodsUsing a unique pre‐registered design, this study considers the emotional response to leaders of the three major U.K. political parties in the week prior to the December 2019 election by drawing upon a national sample of 546 partisan participants. We examine self‐reported happiness, affinity, anger, and distress in response to reward and affiliative smiles as well as ambiguous facial displays in short videos shown without sound featuring Conservative Party leader Boris Johnson and his opponents Jeremy Corbyn (Labour Party) and Jo Swinson (Liberal Democratic Party).ResultsThe findings of this pre‐registered study suggests partisan identity plays a powerful role in empathetic and counter‐empathetic responses to leader facial displays generally. Further analysis reveals a more nuanced response to the competing leaders’ facial displays with followers of all three parties responding to the different smiles in distinct manners.
Casting inference to the best explanation's lot with active inference
Authors: Beni Majid D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper draws on the resources of computational neuroscience (an account of active inference under the free energy principle) to address Bas van Fraassen's bad lot objection to the inference to the best explanation (IBE). The general assumption of this paper is that IBE is a finessed form of active inferences that self‐organising systems perform to maximise the chance of their survival. Under this assumption, the paper aims to establish the following points: first, the capacity to learn to perform explanatory inferences comes with evolutionary privileges; second, adaptive actions guide beliefs and beliefs are action‐oriented; and third, IBE is not inconsistent with (approximate) Bayesianism but plays a heuristic role to it.
Direito Humano à Água Potável e Pobreza dos Povos Indígenas no Brasil
Authors: Cardoso Squeff Tatiana , Douglas da Silva Costa Christian , Assenço Creuz Derek 
Published: February 2023

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a tensão entre concorrentes marcadores sociais da diferença, especificamente raça-etnia e pobreza, a partir da adoção da interseccionalidade como lente crítico-analítica para os direitos humanos, sobretudo quando reveladora de violação à efetividade da dignidade humana decorrente de uma perspectiva unidimensional. De caráter qualitativo e a partir de uma análise bibliográfica e documental, a investigação toma como ponto central o relatório "Direitos humanos à água potável e ao saneamento de povos indígenas: situação e lições de culturas ancestrais", elaborado por Pedro Arrojo Agudo e apresentado perante a Assembleia Geral da ONU, para analisar o contexto de garantia de acesso à água potável aos povos indígenas por parte do Estado brasileiro enquanto política pública voltada à erradicação da pobreza no país.Conclui-se, ao final, que tal direito, uma vez que já reconhecido internacionalmente, também deve ser introduzido no ordenamento jurídico doméstico para criar obrigações positivas para o Poder Executivo atuar em seu cumprimento. No entanto, também se considera que, em virtude do posicionamento da atual gestão, o direito à água dificilmente seria positivado devido à posição (negativa) do governo em relação aos direitos dos povos indígenas e à própria proteção do meio ambiente.
Barriers and facilitators for implementing a nurse residency program for new graduate nurses: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Pickens Jessica B. , Palokas Michelle 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to identify and map any barriers or obstacles to implementing a nurse residency program for new graduate nurses, and any facilitators that could ease the process of implementing a nurse residency program.

Introduction:
One way to prevent new nurse graduate turnover and reduce the organizational cost of training new nurses is to proactively address their burnout and stress. Organizations can reduce high levels of new nurse graduate turnover and ensure these graduates are competent in nursing practice by implementing a nurse residency program. Nurse residency programs have been found to be beneficial to retaining and preparing new graduate nurses; however, many facilities are not utilizing these programs.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider published and unpublished studies from 2002 until the present that report on the barriers and facilitators for hospitals implementing nurse residency programs for newly licensed nurse graduates with less than 12 months of nursing experience. Studies that report on hospitals in any culture or geographic location will be included.

Methods:
The key databases to be searched include MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Academic Search Premier (EBSCO), and Web of Science. Sources of unpublished studies and gray literature to be searched include ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, and MedNar. Two independent reviewers will retrieve and review full-text studies and extract data. The results will be presented in diagrammatic or tabular format with a narrative summary.

Review registration number:
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/3gmpu
Application of occupational justice concepts to children who are born preterm or admitted to neonatal intensive care and their parents: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Carruthers Kathryn , Robinson Jonathan , Armstrong Alan , Hannis Dorothy 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
This review aims to identify and map the usage, application, and context of occupational justice concepts and related terms by occupational therapists and occupational scientists in relation to parents and children when children are born preterm or admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit.

Introduction:
Occupational justice concepts and related terms can inform occupational therapy practice at the individual level or as a wider social approach. However, the extent to which these concepts have been applied to parents and children, when children are born preterm or admitted to neonatal intensive care, is unknown.

Inclusion criteria
Studies must include one or more occupational justice concepts or associated terms in relation to the named population groups. Sources must be related to occupational therapy or occupational science.

Methods:
The review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and will be reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and the PRISMA-S extension for reporting literature searches in systematic reviews. Several electronic databases and sources of gray literature will be searched, limited by publication year (2000 till the present day). The review will only include human studies and studies with a title or abstract in English. Book chapters will be excluded. Reference lists of retrieved studies will be searched against pre-determined criteria. Evidence sources will be independently screened by a minimum of 2 authors, and evidence will be mapped on a pre-determined template.

Review registration number:
osf.io/eqd9f
Vascular access in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Morrissey Emma , Hernon Orlaith , Egan Rachel , Carr Peter J. 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to examine the extent of vascular access research undertaken in the critically ill COVID-19 population.

Introduction:
Two fundamental supportive invasive interventions in the critical care environment are mechanical ventilation and intravenous therapy. Ventilation research has dominated the literature since the pandemic began, with little research on vascular access devices, despite these interventions existing almost codependently. The systematic proning of this cohort of patients increases the risk of dressing infiltration and infection. Vascular access devices, and the coagulopathic manifestations of COVID-19, place these patients at a heightened risk of complications. Vascular access device insertion, care, and maintenance in the critically ill COVID-19 population must be understood to investigate whether this population is at an increased risk of vascular access device complications and vessel health compromise.

Inclusion Criteria:
All study designs will be eligible for inclusion in the review. The intensive care unit will be the main focus of this scoping review. Results will be limited to adults with disease progression severe enough to require admission to critical care.

Methods:
A search of Embase, MEDLINE (Ovid), Web of Science, and PubMed will be conducted. Clinical trial data will also be sought. As recommended by JBI, a 3-step search process will be followed. Data will be extracted using a data extraction instrument based on a template from JBI. The review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and results will be presented in a PRISMA flow diagram. Publication dates will be filtered from 2019 to the present; only English-language results will be included.

Review registration number:
Not applicable
Tectonomagmatic evolution of southwestern Laurentia: Insights from zircon U-Pb geochronology and hafnium isotopic composition of the Red Bluff Granite Suite, west Texas, USA
Authors: Mahar Munazzam Ali , Goodell Philip C. , Ricketts Jason W. , Kappus Eric J. , Crowley James L. , Alvarez Anthony M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe provide laser ablation–multicollector–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) and high-precision chemical abrasion–isotope dilution–thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-ID-TIMS) U-Pb ages and Hf isotopic compositions of zircons from the Red Bluff Granite Suite and mafic dikes in the Franklin Mountains of El Paso, Texas, USA. Granitoids exposed in the Franklin Mountains were previously divided into five magmatic stages based on cross-cutting relationships. Major and trace element compositions showed that these granitoids are ferroan, alkaline, and A2 type. Homogeneity in the whole-rock geochemistry suggests that the granite stages are genetically related and share similar petrogenetic histories. Weighted mean zircon 206Pb/238U dates from the older magmatic stage 1 alkali-feldspar quartz syenite and stage 2 alkali-feldspar granite are 1112.36 ± 0.35 and 1112.46 ± 0.37 Ma, respectively. The weighted mean εHf(t) values varying from +5.3 to +7.2 are similar to those of other regional ca. 1.1 Ga magmatic rocks throughout southwestern Laurentia. Geochemical characteristics, petrological modeling, and enriched Hf isotopic composition suggest fractional crystallization of a basaltic magma that was produced by melting of an enriched mantle reservoir. However, zircon inheritance ages of ca. 1.3 Ga and 1.26–1.15 Ga are consistent with a minor contribution from felsic crustal basement. Our data and regional geology are consistent with a post-collisional slab break-off that facilitated asthenospheric upwelling and partial melting of the enriched mantle, possibly subcontinental lithospheric mantle, extending from Llano Uplift, Texas, in the southeast to California to the northwest. Magma thus generated upon differentiation produced ferroan and A-type granitoids.
Aspetar clinical practice guideline on rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Kotsifaki Roula , Korakakis Vasileios , King Enda , Barbosa Olivia , Maree Dustin , Pantouveris Michail , Bjerregaard Andreas , Luomajoki Julius , Wilhelmsen Jan , Whiteley Rodney 
Published: February 2023

This guideline was developed to inform clinical practice on rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and was performed in accordance with the Appraisal of Guidelines for REsearch & Evaluation II (AGREE II) instrument and used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. A Guideline Development Group systematically searched and reviewed evidence using randomised clinical trials and systematic reviews to evaluate the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions and guide clinicians and patients on the content of the optimal rehabilitation protocol after ACLR.The guideline targets patients during rehabilitation after ACLR and investigates the effectiveness of the available interventions to the physiotherapist, alone or in combination (eg, exercise, modalities, objective progression criteria). Exercise interventions should be considered the mainstay of ACLR rehabilitation. However, there is little evidence on the dose–response relationship between volume and/or intensity of exercise and outcomes. Physical therapy modalities can be helpful as an adjunct in the early phase of rehabilitation when pain, swelling and limitations in range of motion are present. Adding modalities in the early phase may allow earlier pain-free commencement of exercise rehabilitation. Return to running and return to training/activity are key milestones for rehabilitation after ACLR. However, there is no evidence on which progression or discharge criteria should be used.While there is a very low level of certainty for most components of rehabilitation, most of the recommendations provided in this guideline were agreed to by expert clinicians. This guideline also highlights several new elements of ACLR management not reported previously.
Trauma and syncope: looking beyond the injury
Authors: Kavi Kieran S , Gall Nicholas P 
Published: February 2023

Background42% of the population experience syncope by the age of 70, accounting for up to 6% of hospital admissions that frequently present as falls. The etiologies of some falls are benign, and others, such as cardiac syncope, are associated with a greater mortality and must be identified.MethodsThis review article aims to bridge the literature gap by providing a comprehensive practice review and critical summary of the current syncope guidance relating to the trauma patient.ResultsThe National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, the American College of Cardiology, and European Society of Cardiology published syncope risk stratification guidance. The inclusion of certain high-risk features represented in all three guidelines suggests their significance to identify cardiac syncope including heart failure, abnormal vital signs, syncope during exercise with little to no prodrome, family history of sudden cardiac death, and ECG abnormalities. Of 11 syncope risk stratification scoring systems based on these guidelines, only 2 are externally validated in the emergency department, neither of which are validated for major trauma use. Adherence to thorough history-taking, examination, orthostatic blood pressure recording, and an ECG can diagnose the cause of syncope in up to 50% of patients. ECG findings are 95% to 98% sensitive in the detection of serious adverse outcomes after cardiac syncope and should form part of a standardized syncope trauma assessment. Routine blood testing in trauma is often performed despite evidence that it is neither useful nor cost effective, where the screening of cardiac enzymes and D-dimer rarely influences management.DiscussionIn the absence of a gold-standard clinical test to identify the cause of a syncopal episode, standardized syncope guidelines as described in this review could be incorporated into trauma protocols to analyze high-risk etiologies, improve diagnostic accuracy, reduce unnecessary investigations, and develop an effective and safer management strategy.