bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change in prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components over twenty-four months post-HAART among human immunodeficiency virus positive patients in North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Aminu B. , Anaja P.O. , Rasheed Y. , Abdulrahman M.B. , Fakku A.A. 
Published: January 2025

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) serves as an important epidemiologic tool for identifying people at risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes. Antiretroviral drugs have reduced mortality and increased longevity among patients living with HIV disease. We aimed to determine the prevalence and change in MetS among HIV-positive patients pre- and post-HAART over 2 years.
This was a prospective study conducted at the Institute of Human Virology of Nigeria (IHVN) Centers of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) and Specialist Hospital Sokoto (SHS) in Sokoto metropolis for two years. Eighty-six (86) HIV seropositive HAART-naïve patients were recruited at entry before commencing them on HAART and eighty-six (86) healthy controls for comparison at the baseline. The data were checked, entered into an Excel spreadsheet, and exported into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population with MetS, and an independent t-test was used to determine the characteristics of MetS components among the study population. A one-way ANOVA was used to determine the mean difference of components of MetS among patients with and without MetS. Chi-square methods were used to assess the association of MetS with gender. P values <0.05 were taken as statistically significant.
Out of one hundred and seventy-two (172) subjects recruited, eighty-six cases and controls were diagnosed with MetS, 15 (17.4%) and 16 (18.6%) of cases at baseline and controls, respectively. The prevalence of MetS at six months through twenty-four months was 34 (40.5%), 31 (36.9%), 28 (33.3%), and 33 (39.3%), respectively.
The prevalence of MetS has significantly increased after commencing HAART from six months through twenty-four months. MetS is associated with TG, HDL-C, FBG, blood pressure, and anthropometric parameters.
Pengaruh Kompres Dingin Terhadap Skala Nyeri Pasien Post Kateterisasi Jantung di Ruang ICCU Rumah Sakit Panti Papih Yogyakarta
Authors: Paullina Tutut , Maria Theresia Siwi Ikaristi , Wulandari Riski 
Published: January 2025

Penyakit jantung koroner merupakan salah satu penyakit yang paling banyak menyebabkan kematian karena terjadi penyempitan pembuluh darah koroner yang sering disebut dengan aterosklerotik. Penanganan utama penyakit jantung ini adalah katerisasi jantung. Salah satu dampak yang dapat ditimbukan adalah nyeri pada daerah pemasangan radial compression device dikarenakan adanya luka puntcure site dan adanya tekanan balon radial compression device yang digunakan untuk kompresi pada arteri setelah tindakan katerisasi jantung, Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan desain quasi eksperimen yang dilakukan pada pasien yang terpasang radial compression device di ruang ICCU Rumah Sakit Panti Rapih. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kompres dingin terhadap nyeri pada pasien yang terpasang radial compression device. Teknik sampling yang digunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 21 kelompok intervensi 21 kelompok kontrol. Intervensi yang dilakukan yaitu kompres dingin selama 20 menit pada area puntcure site. Skala nyeri diukur dengan menggunakan NRS sebelum dan setelah tindakan pada kelompok intervansi. Hasil analisis data dengan uji Mann Withney menunjukan hasil significan dengan p value 0,000 yang artinya ada pengaruh kompres dingin terhadap skala nyeri pada pasien yang terpasang radial compression device. Pengaruh yang signifikan ini dapat menjadi dasar bahwa kompres dingin sebagai tindakan mandiri perawat untuk menyurangi nyeri pada pasien yang terpasang radial compression device.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT STRENGTH TRAINING ON ANAEROBIC POWER, SPEED AND FUNCTIONAL MOVEMENT SCREEN TEST SCORES IN YOUNG FOOTBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Günebakan Taner , Dağlıoğlu Önder 
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different strength training on anaerobic power, speed and functional movement screen test scores in young football players. A total of 22 male football players between the ages of 18-22 who were doing regular football training participated in the study voluntarily. Participants were divided into two different groups as experimental (n:11 age: 20.15±1.77) and control group (n:11 age: 21.47±1.96) by random method. Different strength training sessions were applied to the experimental group 3 days a week for 6 weeks. Both groups continued their regular season football training. Core training and plyometric training programs were applied to the experimental group as strength training methods. Anaerobic power, speed and functional movement screen test scores were measured before and after training. A vertical jump test was applied to measure the anaerobic power of the subjects. A 30-meter test was applied for speed. Functional Movement Screen test kit was used to measure functional movement screen test scores. The SPSS 22.0 package program was used to obtain statistical results. Shapiro-Wilk test was applied for the normality test. A Paired Samples T-test was used to compare intragroups. Independent Samples T Test was applied for statistical evaluation between groups. The significance level was determined as p&lt;0.05. A positive improvement was found in the anaerobic power, speed and functional movement screen test scores of the experimental group after different strength training programs. As a result, it can be said that a 6-week different strength training program applied to young football players has a positive effect on anaerobic power, speed and functional movement screen test scores.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0779/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
Implementing the Reverse Acute to Chronic Workload Ratio Model to Improve Movement Capacity and Roster Availability: An Example Using Data from the NFL
Authors: Short Trevor , Yamada Paulette M 
Published: January 2025

American football athletes require the development of workload capacity for repeated high-intensity efforts, and successful athletes are adept at accelerating, decelerating, and changing directions. The prescription of appropriate training volume stimulus can be difficult to determine, as there are very few guidelines for prescribing sport-specific acceleration, deceleration, and maximum velocity efforts. Preparatory training stimulus has to closely match in-game demands, but at the same time, practitioners need to avoid excessive workloads and undertraining to mitigate workload progression-related injuries and maximize roster availability. The acute-to-chronic workload ratio (ACWR) approach is based upon the fitness: fatigue ratio, which allows practitioners to monitor workloads. New technology allows for in-game positional tracking and these advancements are accessible to the public. By measuring in-game movement, coaches can quantify key metrics like the number of accelerations and average distance covered. These metrics provide a snapshot of in-game demands and performance requirements. Using a reverse engineering approach, coaches can utilize ACWRs to calculate predefined targets to ensure athletes are adequately prepared for gameplay. Here we use the ACWR concept and previously reported in-game data derived from the National Football League to show how to reverse engineer the targeted number of efforts and distances to assist in preparatory pre-season training program design. This approach, which we term the Reverse ACWR Method, can be used to set guidelines for training volumes and workload progressions and provides a systematic, quantitative approach that complements periodization. As such, the Reverse ACWR Method allows practitioners to calculate target sport-specific workloads and training progressions derived from scientific-grounded methodology, which may enhance performance, readiness, and roster availability. Although this paper presents an example of how to use positional in-game data to prescribe American football training workloads, this model can be applied to any sport and team that has access to positional in-game movement data.
USE OF RGB DRONE SENSORS TO ESTIMATE VEGETATION BIOMASS IN A SEMIARID REGION
Authors: FONSECA Cássia Kellen Lopes , SALES Aldo Torres , FERNANDES Josimar Gurgel , SAMPAIO Everardo Valadares de Sá Barreto , SILVA Antônio Samuel Alves da , MENEZES Rômulo Simões Cezar 
Published: January 2025

RESUMO - As estimativas dos estoques de biomassa vegetal em pastagens utilizando técnicas de sensoriamento remoto, apesar de serem amplamente utilizadas ultimamente, ainda são incertas devido ao padrão tridimensional e desigual de crescimento da vegetação. Foi definida uma metodologia para estimar os estoques de biomassa no semiárido de Pernambuco, Brasil, utilizando uma câmera RGB de alta definição acoplada a um drone. Os sobrevoos foram realizados em áreas de floresta tropical seca densa e aberta e pastagens, nas estações seca e chuvosa. A biomassa medida em campo foi relacionada a nove índices de vegetação do espectro visível por meio de regressão linear múltipla. Os coeficientes de determinação variaram entre 0,73 e 0,82. Os modelos mostraram-se uma forma viável de estimar a biomassa, considerando a amplitude espacial e temporal do estudo, as características da vegetação e os tipos de cobertura do solo avaliados. Sensores RGB são promissores para estimar biomassa em regiões semiáridas, especialmente integrados a índices de vegetação.
Palavras-chave: Geotecnologias. Espectro visível. Índices de vegetação. Pasto. Floresta seca.

ABSTRACT - Remote sensing techniques are currently widely used in environmental analysis due to the ability to collect accurate data in a cheaper and easier way than conventional techniques. However, estimates of vegetation biomass stocks in rangelands using remote sensing techniques are still uncertain due to the tridimensional and uneven growth pattern of the vegetation. A methodology was defined to estimate biomass stocks in different land cover types in the semi-arid region of Pernambuco state, Brazil, using a high definition RGB camera coupled to a drone. Flyovers 30 m above ground level were performed in three field experiments, in areas of dense and open tropical dry forest and pastures, during the dry and rainy seasons. Biomass measured in field was related to nine visible spectrum vegetation indices as independent variables, using multiple linear regression. The determination coefficients ranged between 0.73 and 0.82. The models proved to be a feasible way to estimate the biomass, considering the spatial and temporal amplitude of the study, the vegetation characteristics and the types of soil cover evaluated, which could be improved with the addition of more sampling points. We conclude that RGB sensors are promising to estimate biomass in semiarid regions, especially integrated with vegetation indices.
Keywords: Geotechnologies. Visible spectrum. Vegetation índices. Pasture. Dry forest.
Tainted Tap
Authors: Davis Katrinell M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
After a cascade of failures left residents of Flint, Michigan, without a reliable and affordable supply of safe drinking water, citizens spent years demanding action from their city and state officials. Complaints from the city’s predominantly African American residents were ignored until independent researchers confirmed dangerously elevated blood lead levels among Flint children and in the city’s tap water. Despite a 2017 federal court ruling in favor of Flint residents who had demanded mitigation, those efforts have been incomplete at best. Assessing the challenges that community groups faced in their attempts to advocate for improved living conditions, Tainted Tap offers a rich analysis of conditions and constraints that created the Flint water crisis. Katrinell Davis contextualizes the crisis in Flint’s long and troubled history of delivering essential services, the consequences of regional water-management politics, and other forms of systemic neglect that impacted the working-class community’s health and well-being. Using ethnographic and empirical evidence from a range of sources, Davis also sheds light on the forms of community action that have brought needed changes to this underserved community.
The Ecology of Dreams Deferred
Authors: Davis Katrinell M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter details the degree to which decades of failed attempts and abandonment impacted Flint residents’ access to basic services and the environmental conditions that developed in abandoned city spaces. It pinpoints the causes of Flint’s current environmental risks, such as failings in public safety, brownfield sites, and issues with water quality. In this chapter, efforts made by locals to address these circumstances are also discussed.
We Had an Instinctive Love for the Negro Race
Authors: Greene Christina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter explores the judicial record and political leanings of Judge Robert Martin, who oversaw Joan Little’s felony-theft trial and the famed Wilmington 10 case, to explain Little’s exceedingly harsh, racially charged sentence in her felony theft trial. It interrogates Little’s “criminality” and challenges depictions of her as simply a common street criminal by offering a more nuanced analysis than the triumphalist narrative of her victory in the rape-murder trial. Little’s legal entanglements as a teenager - which were typical for Black youth in the criminal punishment system - are assessed within the rise of law-and-order politics of the 1960s and 1970s promoted by both state and national Democrats and Republicans; President Lyndon Johnson’s 1965 and 1968 crime bills; President Richard Nixon’s wars on crime and drugs; the creation of the federal Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) that distributed over $10 billion to local law enforcement before it was disbanded in 1981; and the legacy of Southern racially charged penal practices. The chapter argues that Little’s criminality can be better understood within this broader analysis of the systemic impediments of power, control and exclusion that shaped individual choices and behavior.
Relinquished Manhood
Authors: Johnson Janiece 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Relinquishing manhood was another Mormon sin exemplified by the Mountain Meadows Massacre. Slippery standards of manhood made it nearly unachievable for most minorities. Mormons were either not manly enough or hypermanly—always dishonorable. Stories of the massacre often rotated around gender ideals often employing hyperbole in in sensational tales of gendered violence and polygamy. The rule of Law gave Latter-day Saints an opportunity for gendered redemption—they could be men and rejoin American civilization.
The Cutting-Off Way of War
Authors: Lee Wayne E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter defines and provides examples for the basic operational technique of expeditionary Indian warfare. This includes the march to enemy country, the tactical methods of attack (and the limits thereon), and the necessity for rapid retreat. Indian war parties on offensive expeditions, whether to exact revenge, gain prestige, acquire prisoners, assert sovereignty, or perhaps administer a political lesson, sought to “cut off” enemy villages or individuals through surprise and ambush—an event which could be highly lethal, especially per capita. Repeated success could render an area uninhabitable, functionally cutting it off from its cluster of related villages. Cutting off is a description of warfare at the operational level—not the tactical. It is about selecting targets, moving forces toward the enemy sometimes over great distances (often along separate paths), and then bringing to bear superior numbers—hopefully by surprise—against the enemy. Whether what followed was an ambush, a battle, an assault on the walls, or a siege was a matter of tactics. This system was originally arrived at as Native Americans warred against each other. It was then adapted for use against Europeans, but it formed the dominant paradigm for Native thinking about offensive warfare throughout this period.
Resistance from the Right
Authors: Shepherd Lauren Lassabe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pivoting from studies that emphasize the dominance of progressivism on American college campuses during the late sixties and early seventies, Lauren Lassabe Shepherd positions conservative critiques of, and agendas in, American colleges and universities as an essential dimension of a broader conversation of conservative backlash against liberal education. This book explores the story of how stakeholders in American higher education organized and reacted to challenges to their power from the New Left and Black Power student resistance movements of the late 1960s. By examining the range of conservative student organizations and coalition building, Shepherd shows how wealthy donors and conservative intellectuals trained future GOP leaders such as Karl Rove, Bill Barr, Jeff Sessions, Pat Buchanan, and others in conservative politics, providing them with tactics to consciously drive American politics and culture further to the authoritarian right and to "reclaim" American higher education.
No Amnesty
Authors: Shepherd Lauren Lassabe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter details conservative mobilization against antiwar and civil rights demonstrators at Columbia University in the spring of 1968 and the anti-leftist majority coalition model that emerged in its aftermath. Under the model, the leading conservative group, Young Americans for Freedom (YAF), abandoned its mission of anticommunism to reorganize around the singular idea of stopping the New Left. Majority coalitions attracted athletes, football players, and other counter protestors to resist campus antiwar and civil rights demonstrators. This model was revolutionary for the campus Right and became a fundamental part of conservative mobilization thereafter.
Mickey Mouse William Buckleys
Authors: Shepherd Lauren Lassabe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter recounts the censure and expulsion of libertarians from Young Americans for Freedom (YAF) for their finding common ground with the New Left, including with groups like Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), on issues of conscription, civil rights, police brutality, and marijuana. Libertarian and anarcho-capitalist students, under the direction of Murray Rothbard and Karl Hess, defected from YAF and went on to found the Libertarian Party shortly after. The chapter further discusses conservative fundraising and the recruitment of football players and other college athletes into campus conservative clubs as a replacement for libertarian exiles and defectors.
The Worst Type of People
Authors: Shepherd Lauren Lassabe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter analyzes conservative student support for the invasion of Cambodia and conservative defenses of the massacre of Kent State University and Jackson State University students by the national guard and municipal police, as well as their support for the mass arrests at Mississippi Valley State College (now University) by campus police in 1970. It also examines college lawsuits that were designed to force campuses to remain open during college protests, demonstrating the movement’s willingness to use the courts to bend administrators to their political will. It features several New Right leaders during their tenure as college students battling against the peace movement’s anti-war protests, including Newt Gingrich, Tom Charles Houstin, Pat Buchanan, David Keene, Randal Teague, James Lacy, and others.
A Political History of Policing in Pre-1930s New York City
Authors: Brooks Emily M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This chapter briefly traces a political history of policing in New York City from the early nineteenth century to La Guardia’s election. It explores the ways that policing practices and priorities reflected goals and power struggles in urban politics. It moves through before and after the creation of the New York City Police Department in 1845. It examines the role policing played under Tammany Hall and police violence and brutality toward Black New Yorkers. Finally, it considers policing under “night mayor” Jimmy Walker and the role that the Seabury investigations played in discrediting Tammany Hall and the NYPD before La Guardia’s election.
Pengaruh Ulasan Produk, Tagline “Gratis Ongkir”, Dan Waktu Terhadap Pembelian Impulsif Pada Generasi Z Dalam Berbelanja Fashion Online Di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Wijaya Yenie , Marbun Saortua 
Published: January 2025

This study aims to identify the influence of product reviews, the tagline "Free Shipping", and time on impulsive purchases among Generation Z when shopping for online fashion in Denpasar City. This research method uses a quantitative approach with a sample of 130 respondents taken through a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed via Google Form and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of the study indicate that product reviews, the tagline "Free Shipping", and time each have a positive and significant influence on impulsive purchases. Simultaneously, these three variables also have a positive and significant influence on impulsive purchases. These findings indicate that a marketing strategy that includes good product reviews, "Free Shipping" offers, and proper management of promotional time can increase impulsive purchases among Generation Z. With the results of the three variables that influence Generation Z in shopping for online fashion impulsively, it is hoped that online fashion sellers can increase good values in product reviews, increase the provision of the tagline "Free Shipping", increase limited discount times in selling products so that Generation Z is more interested and influenced by impulsive purchases in shopping for online fashion.
STRATEGI MENINGKATKAN DAN MENGEMBANGKAN KINERJA KARYAWAN DI OSSOTEL LEGIAN
Authors: Galoja I Made Opan Galoja , Kartimin I Wayan , Putra Putu Guntur Pramana 
Published: January 2025

Ossotel Legian is a four-star hotel. Employees are a valuable asset owned by Ossotel Legian. The problems encountered are the lack of manpower when the room occupancy rate is above 60%, and the slow taking of work in completing the work that causes performance to decline. This problem will be discussed using the SWOT analysis technique. This research is qualitative research supported by the types and sources of data, namely qualitative and quantitative data as well as primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is the SWOT analysis technique, namely analyzing internal factors (Strengths & Weaknesses) and external (Opportunities & Threats) with the help ofthe Internal-External Matrix and SWOT Matrix. The results of this study show that the strategies that can be applied at Ossotel Legian are SO Strategy: Strategy to Increase Employee Creativity, WO Strategy: Strategy to Increase Employee Motivation, ST Strategy: Strategy to Increase Cooperation among Employees, and WT Strategy: Employee Development and Training Strategy and Improvement Strategy Employee welfare.