bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agreement between azithromycin and erythromycin to determine inducible clindamycin-resistant phenotypes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates
Authors: Goyal Nisha , Singh Narendra Pal 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
To evaluate agreement in the detection of inducible clindamycin resistance by test method using azithromycin disk with reference method using erythromycin disk and to determine prevalence of inducible clindamycin-resistant phenotypes among Staphylococcus aureus isolates.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 133 non duplicate isolates of S. aureus from clinical samples were included in this prospective study. Agreement between erythromycin (reference method) and azithromycin (test method) disks for detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in S. aureus isolates was assessed.

Statistical Analysis:
Chi-square test was used for analyzing categorical variables (p < 0.05 was considered significant).

Results:
The prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance (iMLSB) was 15.8%. A 100% agreement was recorded between reference and test methods for detecting inducible clindamycin-resistant phenotypes. For the determination of constitutive resistant phenotypes (cMLSB) among S. aureus isolates, the test method demonstrated an agreement of 94.1%.

Conclusions:
The present study demonstrated an agreement in the identification of inducible clindamycin-resistant phenotypes among S. aureus isolates by both erythromycin and azithromycin disks.
2H NMR studies on the dynamics of supercooled water in a metal–organic framework
Authors: Schiller Verena , Knippen Katharina , Loidl Alois , Lunkenheimer Peter , Volkmer Dirk , Vogel Michael 
Published: July 2023

We use 2H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to study water (D2O) reorientation and diffusion in the metal–organic framework MFU-4l, which features a regular three-dimensional network of nearly spherical pores with diameters of 1.2 and 1.9 nm. We observe that the rotational correlation times follow Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann and Arrhenius (Ea = 0.48 eV) relations above ∼225 K and below ∼170 K, respectively, whereas the temperature dependence continuously evolves from one to the other behavior in the broad crossover zone in between. In the common temperature range, the present NMR results are fully consistent with previous broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) data on water (H2O) in a very similar framework. Several of our observations, e.g., rotational–translational coupling, indicate that a bulk-like structural (α) relaxation is observed above the crossover region. When cooling through the crossover zone, a quasi-isotropic reorientation mechanism is retained, while 2H spin-lattice relaxation evolves from exponential to nonexponential, implying that the water dynamics probed at low temperatures does no longer fully restore ergodicity on the time scale of this experiment. We discuss that the latter effect may result from bulk-like and/or confinement-imposed spatially heterogeneous water properties. Comparison with previous NMR and BDS results for water in other confinements reveals that, for confinement sizes around 2 nm, water reorientation depends more on the pore diameter than on the pore chemistry, while water diffusion is strongly affected by the connectivity and topology of the pores.
Monolithic integrated GaN-based 120 GHz frequency doubler on sapphire
Authors: Liang Zhiwen , Liu Honghui , Meng Jin , Li Yuhang , Wang Fengge , Xu Yanyan , Yang Xien , Liang Yisheng , Li Xin , Lin Lizhang , Wu Zhisheng , Liu Yang , Zhang Dehai , Zhang Baijun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work, a novel monolithic integrated frequency doubler in D-band was designed and fabricated on sapphire substrate. A 120 GHz solid-state source gallium nitride (GaN) planar Schottky barrier diode (SBD) chain integrating with microstrip circuitry was achieved and analyzed. The continuous mode output power of the prototype device reaches 35.6 mW at 120 GHz with an efficiency of 8.9%. The characteristics of GaN SBDs and monolithic integrated heat dissipation are discussed and analyzed. Our results announce the success of exploring a novel avenue toward frequency multipliers in GaN materials solid-state sources, which greatly simplifies the assembly, and improves assembly accuracy and the scale of integration possible for terahertz applications.
Spin filtration in generalized Sierpinski triangles in presence of Rashba spin–orbit interaction
Authors: Majhi Joydeep , Maiti Santanu K 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work, we theoretically investigate the phenomenon of spin polarization in generalized Sierpinski gasket (SPG) triangles (

Δ
N
N
N

,

Δ
F
N
N

,

Δ
F
F
N

,

Δ
F
F
F

) in the presence of Rashba spin–orbit interaction (RSOI) within a tight-binding framework. The geometrical construction is addressed for all four types of generalized SPG triangles using an iterative function system that begins with a fixed triangle of any arbitrary side length. The geometry of various types of fractal networks has a major impact on the degeneracy of the energy spectrum. It is shown that only the two-terminal setup in the presence of RSOI is incapable of breaking the spin degeneracy, which necessitates the use of a three-terminal setup to break the time-reversal symmetry. The effect of flip map induced anisotropic hopping integrals on three-terminal spin-resolved transmission probabilities is studied. In several cases, we find almost

100
%

spin polarization in our considered lattices. We also analyze how spin polarization varies with RSOI strength and fractal generations. Our results indicate that fractal lattices might be suitable functional elements for designing future spin-based electronic devices.
Exchange couplings and edge states in two-dimensional topological insulators
Authors: Lee Teresa , Jeon Gun Sang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We consider two-dimensional honeycomb-lattice topological insulators of electrons which are exposed to exchange couplings at the edges, paying particular attention to the energy dispersions of edge states. The energy band structure of edge states is found to depend strongly on the direction of exchange couplings. Energy band splitting occurs for the exchange couplings perpendicular to the plane of topological insulators. In contrast, the parallel exchange couplings turn out to generate a finite energy gap in the edge-state bands for zigzag edges while armchair nanoribbons does not show such energy gaps. We also discuss the dependence of energy band structures of edge states on the magnetic structure of exchange couplings as well as the disorder effects on the edge-state density of states.
Spin–orbit coupling and magnetism in
Sr2CrO4
Authors: Mohapatra Shubhajyoti , Kumar Singh Dheeraj , Singh Avinash 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With one electron in the degenerate

y
z
,
x
z

orbital sector, the

S

r
2

C
r

O
4

compound exhibits active orbital degree of freedom, resulting in strongly enhanced orbital and spin-orbital correlations due to Coulomb interaction induced renormalization of the otherwise weak bare spin–orbit coupling (SOC) in this 3d transition metal compound. Finite temperature orbital fluctuations strongly reduce spin-orbital correlations, effective SOC strength, and magnon excitation energy. Orbital and magnetic transition temperatures estimated from the calculated orbiton and (renormalized) magnon energies are in good agreement with the experimental values obtained from susceptibility and resistivity anomalies in recent high-pressure studies.
Nonlocal dynamics of secondary electrons in capacitively coupled radio frequency discharges
Authors: Noesges K , Klich M , Derzsi A , Horváth B , Schulze J , Brinkmann R P , Mussenbrock T , Wilczek S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In capacitively coupled radio frequency discharges, the interaction of the plasma and the surface boundaries is linked to a variety of highly relevant phenomena for technological processes. One possible plasma-surface interaction is the generation of secondary electrons (SEs), which significantly influence the discharge when accelerated in the sheath electric field. However, SEs, in particular electron-induced SEs (δ-electrons), are frequently neglected in theory and simulations. Due to the relatively high threshold energy for the effective generation of δ-electrons at surfaces, their dynamics are closely connected and entangled with the dynamics of the ion-induced SEs (γ-electrons). Thus, a fundamental understanding of the electron dynamics has to be achieved on a nanosecond timescale, and the effects of the different electron groups have to be segregated. This work utilizes

1
d
3
v

particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collisions simulations of a symmetric discharge in the low-pressure regime (p = 1 Pa) with the inclusion of realistic electron-surface interactions for silicon dioxide. A diagnostic framework is introduced that segregates the electrons into three groups (‘bulk-electrons’, ‘γ-electrons’, and ‘δ-electrons’) in order to analyze and discuss their dynamics. A variation of the electrode gap size

L

g
a
p

is then presented as a control tool to alter the dynamics of the discharge significantly. It is demonstrated that this control results in two different regimes of low and high plasma density, respectively. The fundamental electron dynamics of both regimes are explained, which requires a complete analysis starting at global parameters (e.g. densities) down to single electron trajectories.
Carbon nanotube field effect transistors: an overview of device structure, modeling, fabrication and applications
Authors: Zahoor Furqan , Hanif Mehwish , Isyaku Bature Usman , Bodapati Srinivasu , Chattopadhyay Anupam , Azmadi Hussin Fawnizu , Abbas Haider , Merchant Farhad , Bashir Faisal 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe research interest in the field of carbon nanotube field effect transistors (CNTFETs) in the post Moore era has witnessed a rapid growth primarily due to the fact that the conventional silicon based complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices are approaching its fundamental scaling limits. This has led to significant interest among the researchers to examine novel device technologies utilizing different materials to sustain the scaling limits of the modern day integrated circuits. Among various material alternatives, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been extensively investigated owing to their desirable properties such as minimal short channel effects, high mobility, and high normalized drive currents. CNTs form the most important component of CNTFETs, which are being viewed as the most feasible alternatives for the replacement of silicon transistors. In this manuscript, detailed description of the recent advances of state of the art in the field of CNTFETs with emphasis on the most broadly impactful applications for which they are being employed is presented. The future prospects of CNTFETs while considering aggressively scaled transistor technologies are also briefly discussed.
An inverse problem of reconstructing the refractive index interrain parabolic equations
∗
Authors: Deng Zui-Cha , Yang Liu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This work deals with an inverse problem of identifying the refractive index in terrain parabolic equations, which has important applications in radio systems and other applied scientific fields. Unlike other inverse coefficient problems arising in the real field, the underlying mathematical model is discussed in the complex field which may lead to many mathematical tools not available, and the corresponding theoretical analysis rather difficult. Based on the optimal control framework, the recognition problem is transformed into an optimization problem, and the existence and necessary condition of the minimizer for the cost functional are deduced. The local uniqueness and stability of the minimizer are derived from the necessary condition. Finally, a gradient descent iterative scheme is designed to solve the numerical solution of the inverse problem. The validity of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by some typical numerical examples.
Novel Duffing chaotic oscillator and its application to privacy data protection
Authors: Lu Zhiheng , Jean De Dieu Nkapkop , Jiang Donghua , Tsafack Nestor , Xiong Jianping , Njitacke Zeric Tabekoueng , Kengne Jacques 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Traditional Compressive Sensing (CS) achieves both compression and encryption of digital data. However, most existing compressive sensing methods present some shortcomings, including weak resistance to chosen-plaintext attacks and heavy key management burden. To overcome these shortcomings, this work presents a new combination of CS with optical transformation for digital image compression and encryption. The proposed compression-encryption scheme utilizes the interesting properties of CS and permutation-diffusion techniques to reduce the image size and encrypt the image data. A Novel Duffing Oscillator (NDO) is proposed, its dynamics is deeply analyzed, and its sequences are exploited to build a hardware-friendly measurement matrix for the CS process. This also contributes to reducing the total size of secret key sent to the receiving end. In addition, the final image compression-encryption output is obtained by applying one of the most significant optical encryption methods, namely Double Random Phase Encoding (DRPE). This contributes to further strengthen the security of the proposed scheme. Eventually, the experimental results imply that our scheme is effective in improving the resistance against various attacks, while guaranteeing good imperceptibility and reconstruction performance. It can then be employed in the information security communication field.
The Λ-type P-wave bottom baryon states via the QCD sum rules*
Authors: Xin Qi , Wang Zhi-Gang , Lü Fei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Our study focuses on the Λ-type P-wave bottom baryon states with spin-parity

,

. We introduce an explicit P-wave between the two light quarks in the interpolating currents (these light quarks are antisymmetric in the flavor space, thus giving rise to the designation of Λ-type baryon) to investigate the

and

states within the framework of the full QCD sum rules. The predicted masses show that

and

could be the P-wave bottom-strange baryon states with spin-parity

and

, respectively; meanwhile,

and

could be the P-wave bottom baryon states with spin-parity

and

, respectively. Moreover,

and

may have two remarkable under-structures or Fock components at least.
Effect of Additive Manufacturing Thickness on Microstructure and Properties of DG09 Welding Wire Wear-resistant Layer
Authors: Du Zunzhong , Wang Yiming , Chen Jialu , Zhang Qingyu , Li Chao , Jiang Yang , Pu Ye , Wang Xiaonan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In order to study the influence of additive manufacturing thickness of coal mining machine-guide slide shoe on the microstructure and properties of wear-resistant layers, four kinds of wear-resistant layers with different thicknesses were mainly manufactured in this paper. The influence of the cladding thickness on wear resistance was further clarified by analyzing the metallographic structure, hardness, and wear resistance of the material. The experimental results show that the thickness of the wear-resistant layer has little effect on its microstructure and wear resistance. Hardness has a great influence on wear resistance. The higher the thickness of the wear-resistant layer is, the wider the wear width of the sample is. The main wear mechanism of produced cladding is abrasive wear accompanied by oxidation wear with a certain degree of spalling wear. The experimental results have a key role in the overall use performance of the coal mining machine.
Study on Attenuation Mechanism of High Energy Density Lithium Rich Battery Materials
Authors: Ren Huanhuan , Jia Guorui , Chen Chuan , Wang Jianbin , Zou Daijiang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The development of lithium rich layered oxide cathode materials with high energy density is one of the keys to improve the range of new energy vehicles. However, there are two bottlenecks in the development of this material: the voltage attenuation caused by structural transformation and the drastic decomposition of electrolyte at high voltage. In this paper, spherical Li1.2Mn0.54Co0.13Ni0.13O2 cathode material (LLO) was prepared, and the cycle performance of LLO cathode in LiBOB electrolyte with different content was compared. In addition, the effect of LiBOB electrolyte additives on lithium rich layered oxide materials was investigated. The decomposition path of LiBOB and the composition of stable CEI film were inferred by using computational chemistry and a variety of surface / interface detection methods.
Time Series Analysis on Flame Length of Micron Coal Dust Explosion with Ignition Delay Time
Authors: Dong Xiaoting , Liu Tianqi , Wang Xiaoyi , Xu Xiaoliang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To discuss Pm
variation law with t in large scale coal dust explosion equipment, shock wave pipe is used and a 60 m linear explosion test system is built. P
m of dust explosion is measured by flame collection system. ARIMA (p,q,d) time series analysis model of t and P
m is built, differential methods are used to eliminate upward trend of the maximum flame length data. By calculating the autocorrelation, the partial correlation coefficient, and the value of AIC and SBC, autoregression and moving average orders are got. Model parameters are estimated by least squares method. 20 groups of flame length prediction show that: ARIMA model have high precision, prediction value of optimum ignition delay time is consistent with measured value, which realizes reasonable analysis on fluctuation characteristics of P
m. This model can reasonably predict the up and down fluctuations of the local flame length data, reflecting the superiority of the model, which is not achievable by general prediction models. The results of this study can greatly reduce the number of coal dust explosion tests, save material costs and provide a new idea for studying the relationship between ignition delay time and coal dust explosion flame length.
Numerical Modeling of Microstructure and Properties of Wear-resistant Layer Fabricated by Overlaying with different Wire Compositions
Authors: Yuan Yuedong , Zhang Qingyu , Du Zunzhong , Wang Xiaonan , Zang Sen , Shen Xinjun , Zhang Guoqun , Chen Yu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In order to investigate the influence of the composition in DG09 steel on the microstructure and properties of the wear-resistant layer manufactured by overlaying welding on the guide slippers of coal-cutters, the finite element method (FEM) simulations were used. After importing the physical parameters of the filler metal with different Cr and Ni contents calculated by JMatPro into the FEM software, the evolution of the temperature was simulated. The simulated results showed that the first layer melted when the second layer was welding. The microstructure and properties of the wear-resistant layer were simulated. The results revealed that reducing the Cr and Ni content increases the tensile strength and hardness of the wear-resistant layer. In addition, the microstructure of the wear-resistant layer fabricated by designed fillers was the martensite phase. The simulation results not only demonstrate that reducing the Cr and Ni content in DG09 steel can improve the mechanical properties, but also provide a theoretical basis for the design of low-cost filler metal.
Effects of High Temperature Tempering on Microstructure and Hardness Distribution on 18Cr2Ni4WA Alloy Steel Heavy-duty Gears: Numerical Simulation and Experiments
Authors: Yuan Yuedong , Zhang Qingyu , Xue Yu , Jiang Yang , Liu Kun , Shen Xinjun , Zhang Hu , Wang Xiaonan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the present work, simulations of gas carburizing heat treatment of heavy-duty gears on a coal-cutting machine fabricated by a 18Cr2Ni4WA alloy steel were carried out by using a finite element method software. The physical property database of the 18Cr2Ni4WA alloy steel was constructed in the software. The effects of the high temperature tempering process on the microstructure and hardness distributions were simulated and studied. The hardness distribution results obtained by simulation are in good agreement with the experimental results, which verifies the accuracy of the simulation. The evolution of the volume fractions of the austenite, martensite, and bainite microstructure after high temperature tempering was simulated, while the change of the retained austenite varying with the number of high temperature tempering was studied. The results show that with the increase of the number of high-temperature tempering, the content of retained austenite in the gear decreases, and it could reduce the surface carbon concentration. The hardness variation, calculated by the Maynier equation through secondary development, is shown to be governed by the joint influence of carbon concentration and microstructure distribution. The hardness distribution from the surface layer to the core is 62HRC-32HRC after the heat treatment process with twice high tempering, which meets the needs of the practical application of the gears.
On complete trapped submanifolds in globally hyperbolic spacetimes
Authors: Albujer Alma L , Herrera Jónatan , Rubio Rafael M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The aim of this manuscript is to obtain rigidity and non-existence results for parabolic spacelike submanifolds with causal mean curvature vector field in orthogonally splitted spacetimes, and in particular, in globally hyperbolic spacetimes. We also obtain results regarding the geometry of submanifolds by ensuring, under some mild hypothesis, the non-existence of local minima or maxima of certain distinguished function. Furthermore, in this last case the submanifold does not need to be parabolic or even complete. As an application in General Relativity, we obtain several nice results regarding (non-necessarily closed) trapped surfaces in a huge family of spacetimes. In fact, we show how our technique allows us to recover some relevant previous results for trapped surfaces in both, standard static spacetimes and generalized Robertson–Walker spacetimes.
The Lie algebra of the lowest transitively differential group of degree three
*
Authors: Grundland Alfred Michel , Marquette Ian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We investigate the real Lie algebra of first-order differential operators with polynomial coefficients, which is subject to the following requirements. (1) The Lie algebra should admit a basis of differential operators with homogeneous polynomial coefficients of degree up to and including three. (2) The generator of the algebra must include the translation operators

∂
k

for all the variables

x
1

,
…
,

x
k

. (3) The Lie algebra is the smallest indecomposable Lie algebra satisfying (1) and (2). It turns out to be a 39-dimensional Lie algebra in six variables (k = 6) and the construction of this algebra is also the simplest possible case in the general construction of the Lie algebras of the transitively differential groups introduced by Guillemin and Sternberg in 1964 involving the coefficients of degree 3. Those algebras and various subalgebras have similarities with algebras related to different applications in physics such as the Schrödinger, Conformal and Galilei algebras with and without central extension. The paper is devoted to the presentation of the structure and different decompositions of the Lie algebra under investigation. It is also devoted to the presentation of relevant Lie subalgebras and the construction of their Casimir invariants using different methods. We rely, in particular, on differential operator realizations, symbolic computation packages, the Berezin bracket and virtual copies of the Lie algebras.