bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PARASITIC FAUNA OF MALAPTERURUS ELECTRICUS AND PARACHANNA OBSCURA FROM LEKKI LAGOON, LAGOS, NIGERIA
Authors: ADEOYE G. O. , AKINSANYA A. B. , KOLEDOYE T. Y. 
Published: March 2023

Host condition factor and gastrointestinal parasites in Malapterurus electricus and Parachanna obscura in Lekki lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria were investigated from September, 2014 to February, 2015. Eighty (80) fishes of Malapterurus electricus and eighty (80) of Parachanna obscura were caught and dissected for intestinal helminth parasites and protozoa. Condition factors of all individuals were determined. Median condition (K < 2.17 and K > 2.17) for Malapterurus electricus, (K < 1.02 and K > 1.02) for Parachanna obscura were used in grouping the individuals. Protozoa infection in the gut includes; myxosporidia and coccidians. Heterogeneous infection of these protozoa in low condition Parachanna obscura were; Myxosporidia, 0.20, Coccidia, 0.10 and high condition individuals, 0.10, 0.15 respectively. There were no coccidian infection in M. electricus, but myxosporidia in low and high condition individuals were 0.15 and 0.10. The rate of infection of Electrotaenia malopteruri, a cestode, specific to M. electricus was higher among high condition individuals, 0.15, compared low condition individuals, 0.10. Procamallanus sp, had the highest prevalence among the high condition individuals of Parachanna obscura, the trend was; High Condition M.electricus (0.10) < Low Condition P.obscura (0.15) < Low Condition M.electricus (0.20) < High Condition P.obscura (0.25). Infected individuals of low condition factor (K < 2.17) of Malapterurus electricus had a greater histopathological alteration index (HAI, 18.0) compared to the high condition individuals (HAI, 8.0). These individuals had from mild to severe ulceration of the mucosa and congestion of the blood vessels. In infected individuals of low condition factor (K < 1.02) of Parachanna obscura, there were mucosal edema and haemorrhage in their intestinal walls. They also had greater histopathological alteration index (HAI, 22.0) compared to the high condition individuals (HAI, 6.0). Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic fauna in low condition host could be an indicator of stress in fish
PREVALENCE OF NOROVIRUS INFECTION AMONG ASYMTOMATIC FOOD HANDLERS (VENDORS) IN A UNIVERSITY CAMPUS IN LAGOS, NIGERIA
Authors: AYOLABI C. I. , SALAMI F. A. 
Published: March 2023

Norovirus (NV) has caused large outbreaks of gastroenteritis in both developed and developing countries due to consumption of contaminated foods. Studies of NV epidemiology among food handlers have been underreported in Nigeria. NV epidemiology surveillance was carried out among asymptomatic food vendors / handlers at a university campus in Lagos between January and March, 2012. Presence and prevalence of NV was determined by Enzyme Immuno Assay technique using commercially available Norovirus genus-specific kits (Norovirus RIDASCREEN® r-Biopharm, Germany). Faecal samples (n=150) collected from food handlers comprising of 29 males and 121 females were screened and an overall prevalence of 17.3% was recorded. Prevalence of infection was statistically significant in male than in female (?2 =7.379 p? 0.05). The hygienic status of the food handlers was very poor as high percentage of them tested positive to NV infection. The study is of public health significance as it shows that the food handlers serve as potential threat and source of infection to the populace. It is therefore recommended that food handlers should be enlightened on the need to embrace good hygienic practice to prevent transmission of infection to susceptible individuals
MICROBIAL QUALITY AND CHANGES IN POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBON CONTENT OF A BIOREMEDIATED OIL-POLLUTED SOIL AFTER EXPOSURE TO DIFFERENT PERIODS OF TILLAGE
Authors: IKHAJIAGBE B. , ANOLIEFO G. O. , OGBOGHODO I. B. 
Published: March 2023

Tillage practices on soils are effective for enhancing the soil’s structure and other physicochemical components. The present study was undertaken to investigate whether tilling of oil-contaminated soils can improve the remediation efficiency of the soil. In the present study, tilling activities was principally carried out by just turning and mixing the soils in experimental bowls. Top soil was obtained as pooled and thoroughly mixed with spent engine oil (SEO) to obtained a uniform mix of oil in soil at 5% w/w. the soils were eventually subjected to diiferent periods of turning and mixing, including daily (1PD), twice weekly (2PW), once weekly (1PW), twice monthly (2PM), monthly (1PM) and once every 2 months (1P2M). the control soil was not subjected to mixing, turning, or tilling (NTL). Remediation efficiency in the tiiled soils were significantly higher than in the control, irrespective of the periodicity of tillage. Reduction in PAH components ranged from 252.26 mg/kg in NTL to 90.74 mg/kg in 2PM. Improved reductions in PAH contents of soil was obtained when soil was turned 2 monthly (88.97 mg/kg) than when soil was turned daily (80.05 mg/kg). A number of microorganism species including Achromobacter sp, Clostridium sp, Micrococcus luteus sp, M. varians, M. roseus, Bacillus pumilis as well as Aspergillus niger, A. fumigatus, Penicillium notatum and Trichoderma sp. were identified in the remediated soils; and these species may also have been involved in the remediation process indicated by their prevalence.
MODULATORY EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF XYLOPIAAETHIOPICA ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN HUMANS
Authors: ISIOSIO E. U. , ISIOSIO O. I. , EMUOBOHWO O. J. , EMUDIANUGHE T. P. 
Published: March 2023

Background of study: Xylopia aethiopica is widely used in folkloric medicines hence there has been increased research on the plant to validate such claims. Fruit extracts of Xethiopica aethiopica has been shown to have antibacterial, anti-diarrhoiec,hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effects. However, there are still many grounds to be covered. There is paucity of data on the single dose effects of X. aethiopica on physiological and biochemical parameters.
Aim: There are two aims of this research: 1) to evaluate the effects of a single dose of extracts on blood pressure, pulse rate, total plasma proteins, creatinine and lipid perioxidation 2) assess any dose –dependent relationship effects on these parameters.
Materials and methods: Twenty male subjects with average 24.2± 8.9 kg/m2 were placed in groups of five. Blood samples were collected, then varying concentrations (15, 30 and 45mg/kg) of aqueous extract of the fruit of X. aethiopica was administered. After 45 mins of administration, blood samples were collected again. Total plasma proteins, creatinine and lipid peroxidation were determined in all the blood samples.
Results: The extract exerted a significant decrease in diastolic blood pressure only in XE 15 group after 45 minutes of administration (p< 0.05). There was also a significant increase in plasma protein in XE 30 and XE 45 groups relative to the control group (p> 0.05). A significant decrease in serum creatinine was observed in only XE 30 group (P> 0.05). There was also a significant decrease in plasma lipid peroxidation levels of XE 30 and XE 45 groups
Conclusion: The present findings have further reiterated the usefulness of Xylopiaaethiopica in the treatment of oxidative stress and hypertension
ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY OF LOCALLY PRODUCED SACHET WATER IN ULI AND IHIALA MUNICIPAL AREAS OF ANAMBRA STATE, SOUTH EASTERN NIGERIA
Authors: OSAWE O. , ELIMIAN K. O. 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND: The shortage of potable water has forced the public dependence on packaged sachet drinking water, popularly called “pure water”. This widespread acceptance introduced a lucrative business where corners are sometimes cut in its production, treatment and packaging. The aim of this study was to assess the physical and bacteriological quality of sachet water sold in Uli and Ihiala area of Anambra State, Nigeria.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 10 samples were analysed, a batch of 5 purchased at the point of production and another 5 from vendors. The membrane filter technique was used for the total coliform count and total heterotrophic count.
RESULTS: Turbidity values fell below the WHO standard of 5 NTU. All samples were colourless and odourless, all but two (A and D) were tasteless. All samples showed presence of bacteria with total heterotrophic count ranging from 33.5 – 60.0 cfu/ml and total coliform 2.0 – 5.0 cfu/ml. Organisms isolated include Bacillus spp., Klebsiella spp., E. Coli, Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., Citrobacter spp. and Staphylococcus spp. E. Coli was present in only one sample (E). A corresponding decrease of bacterial isolates was observed in batches A to B, Bacillus spp. and Klebsiella spp. was however present in both batches. Probably due to the ability of these organisms to survive on little nutrient, also the decline can be attributed to effect of temperature and possible exposure to ultraviolet light rays.
CONCLUSION: All the water samples analysed were contaminated, as coliform detected exceeded the WHO standard for drinking water. We recommend routine quality assessment of sachet manufacturing factories and closure of unlicensed factories/ companies where applicable
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF PETROLEUM ETHER, ACETONE AND ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF THE AERIAL OF ACANTHOSPERMUM HISPIDUM
Authors: OKORO I. S. , INEGBEDION A. O. , OKORO E. O. 
Published: March 2023

Acanthospermum hispidum is used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of acute tuberculosis, typhoid, jaundice, diarrhoea, cough, dysentery and pneumonia, uncomplicated malaria and other parasitic infections. A. hispidum has been used widely in traditional medicine for years by Nigerians but with fewer records of the antioxidant activities of its aerial part. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of three solvent extracts of the aerial part of the plant. In this study the aerial part of A. hispidum was extracted with three different solvents (petroleum ether, acetone and ethanol) and were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activities. Four methods were used for the evaluation: the Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA), Ferric Thiocyanate (FTC) and reducing power methods and also the direct measurement of DPPH radical scavenging activity. Among the three extracts, the acetone extract had the utmost antioxidant activity as revealed by reducing power assay, greater free radical scavenging activity as shown by the DPPH, and also higher antioxidant activity as indicated by the TBA method.The current study clearly reveals the prospective antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging properties of A. hispidum extracts. This may be as a result of the numerous functional compounds present in the aerial part as shown which may be an important source of natural antioxidant, and might be supportive in checking the progress of several oxidative stresses.
Acanthospermum hispidum is used ethnomedicinally for the treatment of acute tuberculosis, typhoid, jaundice, diarrhoea, cough, dysentery and pneumonia, uncomplicated malaria and other parasitic infections. A. hispidum has been used widely in traditional medicine for years by Nigerians but with fewer records of the antioxidant activities of its aerial part. The aim of the study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of three solvent extracts of the aerial part of the plant. In this study the aerial part of A. hispidum was extracted with three different solvents (petroleum ether, acetone and ethanol) and were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant activities. Four methods were used for the evaluation: the Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA), Ferric Thiocyanate (FTC) and reducing power methods and also the direct measurement of DPPH radical scavenging activity. Among the three extracts, the acetone extract had the utmost antioxidant activity as revealed by reducing power assay, greater free radical scavenging activity as shown by the DPPH, and also higher antioxidant activity as indicated by the TBA method.The current study clearly reveals the prospective antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging properties of A. hispidum extracts. This may be as a result of the numerous functional compounds present in the aerial part as shown which may be an important source of natural antioxidant, and might be supportive in checking the progress of several oxidative stresses.
IMPACT OF PUBLIC DEBT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR IN KENYA: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF LITERATURE.
Authors: Dr. Chesoli  , Wafula Joshua 
Published: March 2023

The main purpose of this paper was to review the literature on the how public debt components influence economic growth in the public sector. The specific objectives of the review were to identify trends in published literature on public debt components and economic growth in the public sector; identify major conflicts and or inconsistencies in theory, concepts, methodology, findings and conclusions; identify the gaps and flaws in research within the context of public debt components and economic growth; and build propositions based on identified thematic areas. Literature on public debt components adopted to influence economic growth in the public sector was collected and analyzedfrom secondary sources. These sources included books, research publications, academic publications and journals. The general trend focused on public debt components that are important in influencing economic growth in the public sector. Major conflicts in theory, concepts and methodology were identified and documented. The gaps revealed that majority of publications reviewed were not grounded in theory for their studies. The literature too revealed a lack of agreement on the overall impact of public debt components on economic growth. A conceptual gap was noted in which all the research publications ignored the impact of intervening variables on the relationship between the predictor variables and the output variables. Also most publications considered public debt components as first order constructs, leaving a gap on what type public debt components to guide and help prioritization of the components during adoption and none of the reviewed studies has investigated the influence of a moderating variable on the relationship between the public debt components and economic growth. From the reviewed literature, the study findings led to the following prepositions: To examine the effect internal and external debts on economic growth in the public sector; To assess the impact of Productive and unproductive Debt on economic growth in the public sector; To evaluate the effect of Compulsory and Voluntary Debt on economic growth in the public sector; To assess the impact of Redeemable and Irredeemable Debt on economic growth in the public sector. This study recommends further research to compare and ascertain the strength of the relationship between the thematic areas and economic growth in the public sector; further research is also required to establish the influence of public debt on economic growth in the public sector. Another area that requires further research according to the reviewed literature is on assigning weights to public debt components to assist the country.
Eficacia de la técnica BAGUA frente al Bypass Gástrico en Y de Roux como tratamiento de la Obesidad y la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, en el Hospital “Abel Gilbert Pontón”, período 2015 a 2019
Authors: España Mera Dr. Juan Francisco 
Published: March 2023

Antecedentes: La obesidad asociada a diabetes es una afección potencialmente mortal. Actualmente, la cirugía representa una opción terapéutica eficaz y duradera para tratarla, siendo el bypass gástrico el procedimiento estándar, demostrando un efecto significativo en la pérdida ponderal y en la resolución de diabetes.
Objetivo: Comparar resultados que demuestren la eficacia de cada técnica del bypass gástrico en el hospital ¨Abel Gílbert Pontón¨, enfocando los beneficios, complicaciones y evolución de cada grupo.
Metodología: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico, comparativo y longitudinal, realizado en el Hospital Abel Gílbert Pontón, durante el período 2015-2019. La población estuvo conformada por pacientes con diagnóstico de obesidad y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 sometidos a bypass gástrico.
Resultados: Se analizaron 76 pacientes, de los cuales 46 se sometieron a BAGUA y 30 a BGYR. Al comparar la pérdida de peso, no se observó diferencia significativa en ninguno de los tiempos de seguimiento (3, 6 y 12 meses), pero se evidenció diferencias significativas sobre el tiempo quirúrgico, estancia hospitalaria, e ingreso a UCI, a favor de BAGUA. Se evidenció mayor remisión de diabetes mellitus para el BAGUA. El BGYR estuvo más relacionado con complicaciones (sangrado, fuga anastomótica y reoperación). No hubo diferencia en la presencia de reflujo biliar gastroesofágico. Falleció un paciente (1,32%), el cual había sido intervenido mediante BGYR.
Conclusiones: BAGUA es un procedimiento eficaz para la pérdida de peso, con iguales o mejores beneficios que BGYR, y posee mayor efectividad en remisión de diabetes mellitus; además, es más seguro, con menor morbilidad y menos reoperación.
GANGRENA DE FOURNIER COMPLICADA, EN HOSPITAL DE TERCER NIVEL
Authors: CRUZ JORDÁN. VANESA , MONCAYO ANASLEMA FERNANDO , BELTRAN ALEJANDRO MARCIA 
Published: March 2023

Es un proceso infeccioso potencialmente fatal, súbito, progresiva, de etiología multibacteriana, pero de baja virulencia (E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Staphylococco, clostridium, bacteroides, fusobacterium, etc) que provoca afección de tejido celular subcutáneo, fascias y piel (fascitis necrotizante) de la región perineal y genitales. Es poco frecuente pero su condición se incrementa en pacientes inmunocomprometidos, diabetes (disminución de fagocitosis y quimiotaxis), neoplasias, alcoholismo, insuficiencia renal, desnutrición, obesidad, terapias crónicas con corticoides, donde las bacterias se vuelven muy agresivas y destructivas de tejidos, llegando a provoca cuadro sistémico como shock séptico que compromete la vida.
El origen por lo común es un absceso perianal, fistulas anales, lesiones rectales, hemorroides, o ligaduras de hemorroides, ulceras por presión, episiotomía en las mujeres, bartolinitis, etc.
El presente trabajo incluyó 4 casos para su análisis. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 56 años de edad (rango de 33 – 83 años), 4 pacientes tenían algún antecedente patológico personal. Entre los factores de riesgo que presentaban fue la diabetes mellitus todos 4 pacientes; de estos 1 con cáncer anal en quimioterapia, 1 con obesidad mórbida, hipertensión con insuficiencia respiratoria restrictiva, 1 con hernia inguino escrotal encarcelada más insuficiencia renal crónica y doble amputación de extremidades inferiores (imposibilidad para la deambulación) y 1 con ruptura de uretra traumática por sondaje más insuficiencia renal crónica y ecv con imposibilidad para la deambulación.
Nghiên cứu ảnh hưởng của một số phương pháp chế tạo phễu lót đến chiều sâu xuyên thép của lượng nổ lõm
Authors: Nguyễn Minh Tuấn , Trần Bảo Trung , Đoàn Đình Phương , Lương Văn Đương , Nguyễn Ngọc Linh , Nguyễn Văn Toàn 
Published: March 2023

Bài báo trình bày kết quả nghiên cứu về đặc tính xuyên thép của lượng nổ lõm sử dụng phễu lót đồng được chế tạo bằng 4 quy trình khác nhau: dập nguội, dập nguội kết hợp với miết, thiêu kết bột đồng bằng xung điện plasma, thiêu kết xung điện plasma kết hợp với miết. Kết quả cho thấy, kích thước hạt cấu trúc của vật liệu phễu lót đồng sau khi chế tạo có ảnh hưởng lớn đến chiều sâu xuyên thép của phễu. Công đoạn miết phễu lót đồng tạo ra các siêu hạt và tăng mật độ lệch trong cấu trúc, từ đó làm tăng chiều sâu xuyên. Theo đó, chiều sâu xuyên thép của các phễu lót đồng sau khi miết phôi dập hoặc phôi thiêu kết xung điện plasma là lớn nhất, đều đạt giá trị trên 80 mm. Chiều sâu xuyên thép của phễu chế tạo chỉ bằng phương pháp thiêu kết bột đồng bằng xung điện plasma cũng đạt giá trị là 70,5 mm. Phễu lót đồng chế tạo bằng phương pháp dập nguội có chiều sâu xuyên thép là thấp nhất và đạt giá trị 50 mm và không ổn định. Nghiên cứu cũng còn cho thấy sự hình thành các siêu hạt với chiều rộng từ 300 - 500 nm, chiều dài từ 1-3 µm sau quá trình biến dạng bằng phương pháp miết.
Tata Laksana Gagal Jantung Pediatrik
Authors: Ferdinand Eric , Widyantari Ni Made Candra 
Published: March 2023

Gagal jantung pediatrik merupakan penyebab mortalitas dan morbiditas anak-anak. Terdapat hubungan antara gagal jantung pediatrik, penyakit jantung bawaan, dan kardiomiopati. Tujuan pengobatan gagal jantung pediatrik untuk mencegah perburukan dan agar perkembangan anak optimal. Tata laksana gagal jantung pada anak-anak diekstrapolasi dari pendekatan tata laksana dewasa.
Pediatric heart failure is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children. There is an association between pediatric heart failure, congenital heart disease, and cardiomyopathy. The treatment goal for heart failure in children is to prevent worsening and to provide optimal development. Management of heart failure in children is extrapolated from management in adults.
De Grote Onbekenden: wat de Basismonitor Politieke Ambtsdragers (BPA) ons vertelt over de raadsleden van lokale politieke groeperingen in de gemeentelijke politiek
Authors: Denters Bas 
Published: March 2023

The Great Unknowns: what the Basic Monitor of Political Office Holders (BPA) tells us about the councillors of local political groups in municipal politics
This special issue answers the question of whether council members of local political parties are ‘different’ in a number of respects from the elected representatives of non-local groups in Dutch municipal councils. In ‘being different’ we focus primarily on the politically relevant views of the office holders and sometimes also on their actions. In answering the questions, we mainly used data from the Basic Monitor of Political Office Holders 2019 (BPA-2019) as collected among office holders at municipalities (councillors, aldermen and mayors) between 23 September and 10 November 2019 on behalf of the University Twente (UT) and Tilburg University (TiU). This research was carried out with financial support from the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations.
Lokalo’s in de gemeenteraad: doen ze het anders?
Authors: Boogers Marcel 
Published: March 2023

Local parties in the city council: do they do it differently?
Despite their differences, local parties in the Netherlands share a strong degree of localism: they focus more than national parties on specific problems in their municipality. However, less is known about the representatives of local parties in the municipal council. The fact that their parties as well as their voters have different views could mean that council members of local parties fulfil their functions in a different way. This article examines the extent to which this is the case. The data from the Dutch Basic Monitor for Political Office Holders (BPA) was used to answer this question. Council members of local parties appear to be less strongly oriented towards their administrative role and to focus more on their representative activities. Compared to council members of national parties, representatives of local parties are generally more critical of the various aspects of local democracy and of the problem-solving capacity of local government. Their more centre-right position in the political spectrum is also reflected in the left-right positioning of their councillors.