bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss to follow‐up of minorities, adolescents, and young adults on clinical trials: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Puthenpura Vidya , Ji Lingyun , Xu Xinxin , Roth Michael E. , Freyer David R. , Frazier A. Lindsay , Marks Asher M. , Pashankar Farzana D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe increasing number of childhood cancer survivors necessitates continued follow‐up to monitor for long‐term complications. Inequities in loss to follow‐up for patients enrolled on pediatric clinical trials have not been well studied.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 21,084 patients residing in the United States enrolled on phase 2/3 and phase 3 Children's Oncology Group (COG) trials between January 1, 2000 and March 31, 2021. Rates of loss to follow‐up to COG were evaluated using log‐rank tests and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models with adjusted hazard ratios (HRs). Demographic characteristics included age at enrollment, race, ethnicity, and zip code level socioeconomic data.ResultsAdolescent and young adult (AYA) patients 15–39 years old at diagnosis had an increased hazard of loss to follow‐up compared to patients 0–14 years old (HR, 1.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.76–2.02). In the overall cohort, non‐Hispanic Blacks were found to have an increased hazard of loss to follow‐up compared to non‐Hispanic Whites (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.43–1.70). Among AYAs, the highest loss to follow‐up rates were among non‐Hispanic Blacks (69.8% ± 3.1%), patients on germ cell tumor trials (78.2% ± 9.2%), and patients living in zip codes with a median household income ≤150% of the federal poverty line at diagnosis (66.7% ± 2.4%).ConclusionsAYAs, racial and ethnic minority patients, and those living in lower socioeconomic status areas had the highest rates of loss to follow‐up among clinical trial participants. Targeted interventions are warranted to ensure equitable follow‐up and improved assessment of long‐term outcomes.Plain Language Summary

Little is known about disparities in loss to follow‐up for pediatric cancer clinical trial participants.

In this study, we found that participants who were adolescents and young adults when treated, those who identified as a racial and/or ethnic minority, or those residing in areas with lower socioeconomic status at diagnosis were associated with higher rates of loss to follow‐up.

As a result, the ability to assess their long‐term survival, treatment‐related health conditions, and quality of life is hindered.

These findings suggest the need for targeted interventions to improve long‐term follow‐up among disadvantaged pediatric clinical trial participants.
Design of compact two‐port dual‐band dual‐polarized MIMO antenna for CBRS and WLAN sub‐6‐GHz applications
Authors: Krishna Kanth Varma Penmatsa , Narayanaswamy Nagesh Kallollu 
Published: February 2023

SummaryThis communication presents a compact field de‐correlation lines integrated dual band with dual‐polarized (LP & CP) multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna for the fifth generation (5G) sub‐6‐GHz wireless communication systems. Dual working bandwidths, smaller interelement gaps, and superior isolation within the MIMO components are the distinguishing characteristics that give the proposed MIMO system an aspect of novelty. The modeled MIMO antenna has compact configurations of 20 × 21 × 0.8 mm3. The unit cell consists of a microstrip feed line with optimized rectangular slots branches etched from the radiated patch. The MIMO module is generated by the antiparallel replication of a single unit cell. To enhance the isolation, two rectangular slots are incorporated on the patch between the unit elements, which act as field de‐correlation lines. The MIMO identity is supported by diversity performance calculations in terms of ECC, DG, and TARC. Simulated and measured counterparts are found in the agreement.
Estimating eDNA shedding and decay rates for muskellunge in early stages of development
Authors: Wilder Maxwell L. , Farrell John M. , Green Hyatt C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEstimating population size and species distribution is essential for fisheries management and conservation. Traditionally, estimates rely on live‐capture and visual surveys; however, these approaches are challenging for low density or elusive species and sensitive habitats. Environmental DNA (eDNA) has shown potential to improve fisheries management, offering a sensitive tool for species detection while reducing some of the unintended harm, uncertainties, and cost of traditional approaches. For eDNA to be incorporated into quantitative population estimates, variability in factors such as DNA shedding and decay must be understood. We assess shedding and decay rates for three developmental stages of muskellunge (Esox masquinongy), a recreational species of social and economic importance and an apex predator of conservation priority in the St. Lawrence River. By housing fish at different biomass levels, we attempt to assess how crowding, and underlying behavioral and/or metabolic responses, affects shedding and decay. Additionally, we collected water from spawning bays and compared eDNA detections to live‐capture data. Total eDNA shedding rates for muskellunge were similar to values reported in previous studies of freshwater fishes and ranged from 9.92 × 103 copies/h/fish for larvae to 1.32 × 106 copies/h/fish for juveniles. Adjusting shedding rates for fish mass revealed no significant difference between larvae and juveniles. eDNA decay rates varied between life stages and experimental aquaria, with coefficients ranging from 0.064 to 0.259. We were unable to detect eDNA from hardened embryos even at high density. Muskellunge DNA was quantified in over 27% of samples from spawning bays, including bays where muskellunge were not captured with traditional approaches. The recovery of muskellunge eDNA in quantifiable levels, often in the absence of live capture, highlights the potential for eDNA approaches to supplement muskellunge monitoring and management. eDNA shedding and decay rates estimated here may also aid in interpretation of future data.
Soybean Oil and Selenium Yeast Supplementation in Quail's Diet: Productive Performance, Fatty Acid Profile, Enzyme Activity, and Oxidative Stability of Meat
Authors: Brito José Mares Félix , Pascoal Leonardo Augusto Fonseca , Jordão Filho José , Melo Thiago Sousa , Almeida Jonathan Mádson dos Santos , de Almeida Jorge Luiz Santos , Moreira Filho Alexandre Lemos de Barros , Alcântara Maristela Alves , Grisi Cristiani Viegas Brandão , Cordeiro Angela Maria Tribuzy de Magalhães 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of different soybean oil (SO) and selenium yeast (SeY) levels in the diet of meat quails on productive performance, physicochemical, quality measurements, fatty acid profile, enzyme activity estimation, and oxidative stability of meat. A total of 288 one‐day old commercial meat quails are allocated into four groups according to a completely randomized experimental design, with two levels of SO (1.5% and 3.0%) and SeY (0 and 0.15 mg kg−1) in the feed. The supplementation period is 42 days. The use of up to 3% supplementation of SO in the diet improves (p < 0.05) the productive performance. The polyunsaturated acid content and thiobarbituric acid value in the meat are increased (p < 0.05) as an effect of the SO increase in the diet. The use of SeY in quail diets associates with 3% inclusion of SO and promotes improvements in the qualitative parameters of the quail meat. Therefore, the inclusion of 0.15 mg kg−1 of SeY in the diets is a viable alternative for improving the oxidative stability of meat since it improves the qualitative parameters of quail meat in diets with a high inclusion of SO.Practical Applications: These results have practical applicability in the meat industry, since it is possible to change the lipid profile of this raw material, meeting the requirement of the consumer market for healthy foods, reducing the total cholesterol content, and nutritionally desirable, through enrichment with polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Diagnosis and treatment protocol for COVID‐19 patients (Tentative 10th Version)
Authors:   Released by National Health Commission of People's Republic of China & National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine on January 5, 2023
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo further improve the diagnosis and treatment of COVID‐19, the National Health Commission of People's Republic of China and the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine convened a group of experts to revise the relevant content of the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID‐19 Patients (Trial Version 9) and developed the Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for COVID‐19 Patients (Trial Version 10), summarizing the etiological characteristics, epidemiological characteristics, prevention, clinical features, diagnosis, clinical classification, population with high risk of severe/critical illnesses, early warning predictors for severe/critical illnesses, differential diagnosis, case identification and reporting, treatment, nursing, control of nosocomial infection in medical institutions, and discharge criteria for inpatients.
Impact of porosity and radiation on two‐dimensional unsteady magnetohydrodynamics heat transfer stagnation point flow with viscous dissipation
Authors: Reddy Nalivela Nagi , Yanala Dharmendar Reddy , Goud B. Shankar , Vempati Srinivasa Rao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe current study aims to investigate the influence of porosity in the presence of radiation, and viscous dissipation on two‐dimensional unsteady magnetohydrodynamics mixed convection heat and mass transfer flow at the stagnation point. The governing time‐dependent nonlinear partial differential equations are converted into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation by utilizing similarity transformations. The transformed equations are solved by employing the bvp4c technique, a well‐known numerical approach. The influence of nondimensional factors on fluid velocity, temperature, and species concentration profiles is explored and graphically represented. For varied values of the Prandtl number, magnetic field, and Schmidt number, the friction factor, Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers are also explored and provided in tabular format. As increasing the porosity parameter, the temperature profile, concentration profile is growing, and velocity profile diminishes. The conclusions of this study are widely accepted by the scientific community.
Assessment of flood dynamics in a mountain stream using high‐resolution river flow records
Authors: Xiao Cong , Kawanisi Kiyosi , Al Sawaf Mohamad Basel , Zhu Xiao Hua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the streamflow hydrodynamics is important for forecasting flooding phenomena in mountainous rivers. Accordingly, based on long‐term runoff observations obtained using diverse runoff techniques (i.e., rating curves and fluvial acoustic tomography (FAT)), the authors (1) evaluated and explored flood phenomena, (2) discussed the effects of dams on flood hydrograph, (3) and revealed backwater effects caused by river channel bends, sand bars, and floodplains. The duration and slope of the falling limb of the hydrograph were directly influenced by the catchment characteristics that affected runoff recession, whereas the behaviour of the rising limb of the hydrograph was directly influenced by rainfall. A weaker correlation between discharge and rainfall in higher flood events indicates that rainfall events were strongly altered by water released from dams in the basin. Additionally, because of the backwater effects, the rate at which the flow velocity and boundary shear stress changed with the increasing discharge was reduced, potentially slowing the pace of erosion. Our findings are relevant for managing mountain rivers, particularly in river bend reaches prone to backwater effects. The FAT method could help increase the ability to monitor short‐term fluctuations in floods and associated hazards.
An integrated multiomics analysis of rectal cancer patients identified POU2F3 as a putative druggable target and entinostat as a cytotoxic enhancer of 5‐fluorouracil
Authors: D'Angelo Edoardo , Pastrello Chiara , Biccari Andrea , Marangio Asia , Sensi Francesca , Crotti Sara , Fassan Matteo , Jurisica Igor , Pucciarelli Salvatore , Agostini Marco 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRectal cancer (RC) accounts for one‐third of colorectal cancers (CRC), and 40% of these are locally advanced rectal cancers (LARC). The use of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) significantly reduces the rate of local recurrence compared to adjuvant therapy or surgery alone. However, after nCRT, up to 40%‐60% of patients show a poor pathological response, while only about 20% achieve a pathological complete response. In this scenario, the identification of novel predictors of tumor response to nCRT is urgently needed to reduce LARC mortality and to spare poorly responding patients from unnecessary treatments. Therefore, by combining gene and microRNA expression datasets with proteomic data from LARC patients, we developed an integrated network centered on seven hub‐genes putatively involved in the response to nCRT. In an independent validation cohort of LARC patients, we confirmed that differential expression of NFKB1, TRAF6 and STAT3 is correlated with the response to nCRT. In addition, the functional enrichment analysis also revealed that these genes are strongly related to hallmarks of cancer and inflammation, whose dysfunction may causatively affect LARC patient's response to nCRT. Furthermore, by constructing the transcription factor‐module network, we hypothesized a protective role of POU2F3 gene, which could be used as a new drug target in LARC patients. Finally, we identified and tested in vitro entinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, as a chemical compound that could be combined with a classical therapeutic regimen in order to design more efficient therapeutic strategies in LARC management.
Efficient Synthesis of an Alkyne Fluorophosphonate Activity‐Based Probe and Applications in Dual Colour Serine Hydrolase Labelling
Authors: Yang Jian , Korovesis Dimitris , Ji Shanping , Kahler Jan Pascal , Vanhoutte Roeland , Verhelst Steven H. L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTagged fluorophosphonates (FP‐probes) were the first activity‐based probes to be reported in 1999. More than 20 years later, FP‐probes are widely used tools for the profiling of serine hydrolase‐activity. However, their synthesis tends to be cumbersome and low‐yielding. In this paper, we report a short and high‐yielding route towards an FP‐alkyne derivative. This probe is suitable for bioorthogonal 2‐step detection of serine hydrolases. Alternatively, it can be converted to an array of fluorescent probes via click chemistry to azide‐functionalized fluorophores. Here, we constructed red‐ and green‐fluorescent FP‐probes and applied these in dual colour labelling of whole proteomes. Specifically, we illustrate application in inhibitor assessment in tissue lysates and in a ‘pulse‐chase ABPP’ experiment in whole cells. Overall, we think that these probes, due to their high yield and different colours, are attractive for novel applications within ABPP.
The HIV paradox: Perinatal mortality is lower in HIV‐positive mothers—A field case–control study in Ethiopia
Authors: Fonzo M. , Zuanna T. D. , Amoruso I. , Resti C. , Tsegaye A. , Azzimonti G. , Sgorbissa B. , Centomo M. , Ferretti S. , Manenti F. , Putoto G. , Baldovin T. , Bertoncello C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveSub‐Saharan African countries have the highest perinatal mortality rates. Although HIV is a risk factor for perinatal death, antioretroviral therapy (ART) programs have been associated with better outcomes. We aimed to investigate how maternal HIV affects perinatal mortality.MethodsThe authors performed a nested case–control study at Saint Luke Hospital, Wolisso, Ethiopia. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, current maternal conditions, obstetric history, and antenatal care (ANC) services utilization were collected. The association between perinatal mortality and HIV was assessed with logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsA total of 3525 birthing women were enrolled, including 1175 cases and 2350 controls. Perinatal mortality was lower among HIV‐positive women (18.3% vs. 33.6%, P = 0.007). Crude analysis showed a protective effect of HIV (odds ratio, 0.442 [95% confidence interval, 0.241–0.810]), which remained after adjustment (adjusted odds ratio, 0.483 [95% confidence interval, 0.246–0.947]). Among HIV‐negative women, access to ANC for women from rural areas was almost half (18.8% vs. 36.2%; P < 0.001), whereas in HIV‐positive women, no differences were noted (P = 0.795).ConclusionAmong HIV‐positive mothers, perinatal mortality was halved and differences in access to ANC services by area were eliminated. These data highlight the benefits of integrating ANC and HIV services in promoting access to the health care system, reducing inequalities and improving neonatal mortality.
Toward a mechanically biocompatible intervertebral disc: Engineering of combined biomimetic annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus analogs
Authors: Mordechai Haim S. , Aharonov Adi , Sharon Smadar E. , Bonshtein Iris , Simon Chen , Sivan Sarit S. , Sharabi Mirit 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration and accompanying lower back pain impose global medical and societal challenges, affecting over 600 million people worldwide. The IVD complex fibrocartilaginous structure is responsible for the spine biomechanical function. The nucleus pulposus (NP), composed of swellable glycosaminoglycan (GAG), transfers compressive loads to the surrounding fiber‐reinforced annulus fibrosus (AF) lamellae, which stretches under tension. Together, these substructures allow the IVD to withstand extremely high and complex loads. Key to mimic the complete disc must consider the properties of its substructures. This study presents three novel substructures–a biomimetic silk‐reinforced composite lamella for the AF, a GAG analog for the NP, and a novel biomimetic combined AF‐NP construct. The biomimetic AF demonstrates nonlinear, hyperelastic, and anisotropic behavior similar to the native human AF, while the NP analog demonstrates mechanical behavior similar to the human NP. The synergized biomimetic AF‐NP demonstrates similar behavior to the unconfined NP, with significantly increased deformations indicating improved performance. Validation of the AF‐NP construct mechanics using a finite element model yields results compatible with native human IVD under various physiological loadings. The ability of our AF‐NP construct to mimic the native IVD offers a revolutionary concept for the potential development of a fully functional IVD.
Valorization of lignin to obtain platform chemicals via bio‐electrochemical systems: batch and fed‐batch mode analysis
Authors: Chang Changsomba , Gupta Pratima 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThere is tremendous potential for reusing lignin, which is generally discarded as waste. This research analyses the batch and fed‐batch mode of the microbial peroxide‐producing cell (MPPC), a type of bio‐electrochemical cell that produces H2O2, a potent green oxidant utilized in the oxidation of Kraft lignin to produce platform chemicals with simultaneous wastewater treatment.RESULTSThe batch mode MPPC had a total shelf life of 10 days, with a peak phase of 5 days and maximum H2O2 of 9.7 ± 0.06 mmol L−1, and voltage of 164 ± 0.021 mV. The intermittent nutrition feeding strategy of fed‐batch MPPCs aided microbe metabolic reactions, extending the system's lifespan to 21 days with a maximum voltage of 294 ± 0.01 to 525 ± 0.008 mV and H2O2 of 14.14 ± 0.12 to 32.96 ± 1.35 mmol L−1, respectively. This offered more exposure time for lignin hydroxyl radical oxidation by H2O2, with enhanced depolymerization of 37–80% of high lignin concentration in repeated cycles compared to batch mode, which accomplished only 53.46%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the structural changes in lignin of all systems, displaying loss and disorientation of major functional groups with greater intensity in fed batch‐operated MPPCs. Platform chemicals with high commercial value, including guaiacol, ferulic acid, vanillin, and others, were identified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. In terms of wastewater treatment, biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency ranged from 59% to 83%, with fed‐batch being the most efficient.CONCLUSIONThis research suggests that fed‐batch mode MPPC is significantly more productive than batch mode MPPC for lignin valorization to produce platform chemicals, making it more sustainable, economical, and environmentally friendly. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Cuproptosis‐related classification and personalized treatment in lower‐grade gliomas to prompt precise oncology
Authors: Shen Nanxi , Chen Shu , Liu Dong , Min Xiangde , Tan Qinghai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCuproptosis is implicated in regulating tricarboxylic acid cycle and associated with tumor therapeutic sensitivity, patient outcomes and tumorigenesis. However, the classification and prognostic effect of cuproptosis‐associated genes (CAGs), the relationship between cuproptosis and tumor microenvironment (TME) and the treatment of lower‐grade glioma (LrGG) remain enigmatic.MethodsThe genetic and transcriptional alterations, prognostic value and classification related to cuproptosis were systematically analyzed. Subtypes of cuproptosis and cuproptosis score (Cuscore) were constructed and further confirmed by two external cohorts. The relationships between cuproptosis and TME, prognosis, and treatment response were also evaluated.ResultsFour clusters were identified based on cuproptosis‐associated genes. The associations between cuproptosis‐associated clusters and clinical features, prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and chemotherapy sensitivity were observed. The Cuscore is an independent prognostic indicator in LrGG patients. The nomogram is constructed according to Cuscore and clinical characteristics, and has good predictive ability and calibration. Patients with high Cuscore had a worse prognosis and advanced performance. A higher Cuscore also indicated a higher stromal score, abundant immune infiltration, and increased tumor mutation burden. A high Cuscore was remarkably related to immune checkpoint inhibitors, immunotherapy response and immune phenotype.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the clinical effect of CAGs, and suggests that cuproptosis could be a potential therapeutic target in LrGG.