bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LA PERSONA MAYOR Y ESPACIO SOCIAL: LA DISCRIMINACIÓN POR EDAD Y LA CALIDAD DE VIDA
Authors: González Salas Isabel Cristina , Luna Nemecio Josemanuel , Gámez Mier Carlos Humberto 
Published: January 2023

Se realizó un análisis documental de tipo teórico para identificar las características de la discriminación por razón de edad o estereotipos por razón de edad y las estrategias propuestas para afrontar dicho fenómeno dentro del marco de la terapia ocupacional y de los ejes de la Socioformación. Se siguió la metodología de análisis documental basado en la UVE de Gowin, a partir de 3 metas y 4 categorías. La discriminación por razón de edad es un problema que afecta la participación social, la ocupación, la salud física y emocional, así como la calidad de vida de la persona mayor. Esta discriminación surge a partir de constructos sociales internalizados desde la infancia y a partir de las barreras arquitectónicas, las limitaciones en el acceso a oportunidades laborales, de salud, sociales y de servicios, lo cual afecta al adulto mayor dentro del contexto social. En conclusión, se determinó que la discriminación por razón de edad puede afrontarse a través de la terapia ocupacional en relación con la participación social y la socioformación desde la infancia, con el diseño de un proyecto ético de vida, acciones de emprendimiento, colaboración y de desarrollo social sostenible, así como con el uso de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación.

A theoretical documentary analysis to identify discrimination derived from age or stereotypes as a consequence for age and the proposed strategies to face up to this phenomenon within the framework of occupational therapy and the axis of Socioformation. The methodology used for the documented analysis was based on Gowin's UVE, using three goals and 4 categories. Discrimination as a result of aging is a problem that affects social participation, occupation, and physical and emotional health as well as the quality of life. This discrimination develops as a result of social constructs internalized since infancy and increases as the aged person finds difficulties in physical access derived of poor architectural planing, fewer job opportunities and decreased access to health and social services which increases its psychosocial isolation. In conclusion, it that the age discrimination could be tackled using occupational therapy focusing on their social participation as well as educational and socioformation interventions starting in infancy, this would be designed as an ethical lifelong project, unselfish collaboration and sustainable social development as well as using advances in information and communication technologies.
MÁS ALLÁ DEL ACCESO: LA POLÍTICA DE CUOTAS Y EL ABANDONO ESCOLAR EN EL INSTITUTO FEDERAL DE PARANÁ, CAMPUS PARANAGUÁ
Authors: Kostrycki Xana Machado , Urbanetz Sandra Terezinha 
Published: January 2023

Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado que teve como objetivo investigar as principais causas do abandono escolar dos estudantes atendidos pela política de cotas nos cursos de ensino médio integrado do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Paraná, IFPR – campus Paranaguá. Com abordagem qualiquantitativa, procurou identificar os elementos que justificam ou explicam o abandono escolar nos referidos cursos. A investigação teve como delimitação do período amostral o recorte dos anos de 2015 a 2018, envolvendo estudantes dos cursos de ensino médio integrado em Informática, Mecânica e Meio Ambiente, constatando-se um índice de abandono de 34% sendo que, destes, 78% dentre os estudantes cotistas. Quanto às categorias de cotas, o grupo de estudantes com renda familiar inferior a 1,5 salários-mínimos corresponde a 47% e estudantes pretos e pardos, 50% dos casos de abandono escolar. Através de entrevistas, foram evidenciadas que as causas motivadoras do abandono escolar envolvem demandas de mobilidade; limitações dos programas de assistência estudantil; dificuldades pedagógicas; e a dificuldade de conciliar os estudos com a urgência de inserção no mercado de trabalho.
High risk of ventricular repolarization abnormalities among hemodialytic end-stage renal disease patients
Authors: Mulia Eka Prasetya Budi , Fauzia Kartika Afrida , Julario Rerdin 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Patients with chronic renal disease (CKD) are at a significantly elevated risk for ventricular arrhythmia. Several electrocardiographic (ECG) methods can be used to assess the ventricular arrhythmia risk on the standard 12-lead ECG.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the ECG parameters of ventricular repolarization abnormalities, such as QT, QTc, Tp-e, and Tp-e/QT ratio, Tp-e/QTc ratio, and their predictors in hemodialytic end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
Materials and methods: Fifty-three patients with hemodialytic ESRD and 32 pre-dialytic CKD patients were enrolled in the study. ECG parameters were measured manually using calipers. The independent samples t-test was used for comparative analysis. The multivariate linear regression analysis was used to distinguish the independent predictors of each ECG parameters and variables correlating significantly in bivariate analysis.
Results: Mean ages of hemodialytics and pre-dialytics were 47±11 and 51±7 years, respectively. Ventricular repolarization abnormalities in the hemodialytic compared to the pre-dialytic group were found to be significantly different [QTc (448±34 vs. 428±31 ms, p=0.007), Tp-e (81±20 vs. 71±19 ms, p=0.025), Tp-e/QT (0.23±0.06 vs. 0.20±0.05, p=0.043)]. QTc interval was positively correlated with sodium (p=0.001) and age (p=0.007). Tp-e/QT ratio was the ECG parameter correlated to most of variables including eGFR (p=0.003), creatinine (p=0.040), potassium (p=0.009), chloride (p=0.048), and glucose (p=0.041).
Conclusions: Ventricular repolarization was found to be increased in patients with hemodialytic ESRD. Hence, observation ECG parameters of ventricular repolarization should be performed in the hemodialytic patients for early detection of ventricular arrhythmia.
Behavioral effects of Aronia melanocarpa fruit juice in a rat model of ovariectomy-induced estrogen deficit
Authors: Georgieva Antoaneta , Todorova Milena , Eftimov Miroslav , Kuzmanov Krasimir , Valcheva-Kuzmanova Stefka 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The ovariectomized rat is a model used to mimic the changes in female organism during menopause.Aronia melanocarpafruit juice (AMFJ) is extremely rich in phenolic substances (procyanidins, flavonoids and phenolic acids).Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of AMFJ on rat behavior in a model of ovariectomy-induced estrogen deficit.Materials and methods: Four groups of female Wistar rats were used, each consisting of 14 animals – sham operated (SO), ovariectomized (OVX), OVX+AMFJ5,and OVX+AMFJ10. After two-week recovery from the operation, three-month oral treatment was performed with distilled water for the SO and OVX groups, and AMFJ at doses of 5 ml/kg and 10 ml/kg for the OVX+AMFJ5and OVX+AMFJ10groups, respectively. Then, behavioral tests were conducted. Locomotor activity was assessed using the open field test (OFT). Anxiety was evaluated in the OFT, elevated plus-maze test and social interaction test. Depressive behavior was assessed in the forced swim test. Thermal pain sensitivity was measured in the hot plate test.Results: OVX rats showed increased anxiety, depressive behavior and pain sensitivity in comparison with SO animals. Compared to OVX rats, anxiety, depressive behavior, and pain sensitivity of AMFJ-treated animals were decreased. Locomotor activity of AMFJ-treated rats was reduced in comparison with both SO and OVX animals, probably due to the sedative effect of the juice.Conclusions: AMFJ was able to antagonize the negative impact of the estrogen deficit on rat behavior (anxiety, depression, pain sensitivity), probably due to the biological activity of its polyphenolic ingredients.
Initial experience with peroral endoscopic myotomy in Bulgaria: case series
Authors: Boyanov Nikola , Shtereva Katina , Madzharova Katerina , Andonov Vladimir , Shopov Neno , Dimov Petko 
Published: December 2022

Achalasia is a rare motility disorder with unknown etiology that results in failure of relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). As there is no etiological treatment, different pharmacological agents and invasive techniques have been used for relieving the symptoms. For the past decade, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has proven to have excellent results.
We present a retrospective study of five patients that underwent POEM for primary achalasia. We used anterior approach for the submucosal tunneling. The procedure showed immediate results and no severe short- or long-term adverse events. We have been following the patients up for more than 3 years now.
Since its invention more than ten years ago, the POEM procedure and its advantages and disadvantages compared to the pneumatic dilatation and the Heller myotomy have been extensively studied. There is still no universal opinion on which procedure should be the first line treatment.
L’Accord sur la paix et la réconciliation au Mali, issu du processus d’Alger de 2015, est-il encore pertinent ?
Authors: Normand Nicolas 
Published: December 2022

L’Accord d’Alger signé en 2015 entre le gouvernement malien et deux coalitions de groupes armés du nord du pays vise principalement à changer l’architecture institutionnelle du Mali et à intégrer les ex-combattants dans l’armée ou l’administration ou à les aider à s’insérer socialement et économiquement. L’Accord n’a presque pas été mis en œuvre en raison d’une forte défiance entre Bamako et les mouvements signataires, chacun estimant que l’autre ne joue pas le jeu. Les groupes armés auraient dû disparaitre par le désarmement et les élections, mais ceci ne s’est pas produit. Quatre éléments expliquent le non-désarmement : les conflits entre les mouvements signataires, leur propre protection contre les djihadistes de l’EIGS, la défense contre les velléités de reconquête du gouvernement et enfin le lien établi entre le désarmement et les avancées des réformes institutionnelles. À terme, les risques de non-application de l’Accord sont la partition de fait, voire la reprise du conflit. À ce stade, les groupes armés contrôlent déjà le nord du pays. Sortir de cette impasse suppose de surmonter les ambiguïtés initiales. À défaut de pouvoir réécrire quelques articles de l’Accord qui pourraient mettre en cause le caractère unitaire du Mali, il serait possible de prendre des lois d’application rectifiant des points litigieux, avec l’accord des mouvements signataires. Le déblocage suppose enfin que les ex-rebelles touaregs et arabes, ethniquement minoritaires au nord du Mali, acceptent de renoncer aux armes au profit des règles électorales.
Le lieu-dit des « Trois-Piliers » : un ensemble à caractère monumental du iiie s. apr. J.-C. dans la périphérie nord-est de Reims/Durocortorum ?
Authors: Rollet Philippe , Jouhet Émilie 
Published: December 2022

La fouille du 59 rue Belin dans le quartier des « Trois-Piliers » a permis de mettre au jour une grande salle semi-enterrée à la manière d’un cryptoportique. Longue d’au moins 57 m et large de 7,80 m, elle est aménagée d’une série de piliers le long de son mur oriental et bordée à l’extérieur d’un large égout. Construit au début du iiie s., cet édifice est partiellement détruit par un incendie à la fin du deuxième tiers du iiie s. Sa réoccupation intervient rapidement, vers les années 260, avec la construction en son sein de deux puits massifs cuvelés avec des blocs de grand appareil en remploi qui attestent, par les restes de sculpture qu’ils ont conservés, la proximité d’un vaste monument, probablement un temple. Si plusieurs publications mentionnent les fouilles de la rue Belin, qui remontent tout de même à la fin des années 1990, en faisant notamment référence aux éléments lapidaires issus des puits ou à la couche d’incendie particulièrement étendue qui scelle les vestiges de la grande salle, le présent article expose l’ensemble des données archéologiques ayant trait à l’édifice (plan, composantes architecturales, techniques de construction, etc.), tout en le replaçant dans son environnement archéologique, avant d’en proposer l’interprétation.
Regulation of the Antibody Response to Type III Pneumococcal Polysaccharide
Authors: Barthold David R. , Prescott Benjamin , Stashak Philip W. , Amsbaugh Diana F. , Baker Phillip J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A modification of the technique of localized hemolysis-in-gel was used, in conjunction with class-specific anti-γ-globulin sera, for detecting IgG and IgA plaque-forming cells (PFC) in mice immunized with Type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (SSS-III). Small, but significant, numbers of IgG and IgA PFC could be detected, and the numbers increased at least 10-fold after treatment with antilymphocyte serum (ALS). The results of plaque-inhibition studies affirmed that such PFC represent cells making antibody having the same class-specificity as the antiserum used for their detection. These findings suggest that the magnitude of not only the IgM, but also the IgG and IgA, antibody response to SSS-III is governed by the activities of regulatory thymus-derived cells having opposing functions and that ALS-induced enhancement cannot be attributed to a reversal or alteration of antibody-mediated feedback inhibition. Furthermore, the kinetics observed for the development of the IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody response to SSS-III suggest that clones of precursor cells, restricted mainly to the synthesis of one class of immunoglobulin, exist before immunization and increase independently in size upon antigenic stimulation.
In Vitro Immune Stimulation-Inhibition to Spontaneous Canine Tumors of Various Histologic Types
Authors: Fidler Isaiah J. , Brodey Robert S. , Bech-Nielsen Steen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Utilizing dogs with progressively growing tumors we are reporting on the in vitro reactivity of their lymph node or peripheral blood lymphocytes to their own tumor cells. Tumors, lymph nodes, and blood were collected aseptically during surgical treatment or before necropsy. Primary cultures were set up and shortly thereafter only viable glass-adhering tumor cells were utilized. The cells were first incubated with either media or various sera and then varying numbers of sensitized lymphocytes were added. The mixtures were incubated for 90 min in rotating test tubes and then plated into culture dishes or plates. Two and/or 5 days later, the cultures were fixed, stained, and viable target cells were counted. In vitro tumor cell destruction by high numbers of lymphocytes from dogs bearing tumors and the blocking of such reactivity by autologous serum were demonstrated. Serum from dogs with the same histologic type of neoplasm inhibited allogenic lymphocyte cytotoxicity, whereas serum from dogs with a different tumor, normal dogs, and a dog who had been clinically free of osteosarcoma after limb amputation 17 months earlier, did not significantly block the cellular-mediated reactivity. Stimulation of tumor growth in vitro by low ratios of sensitized lymphocytes to tumor cells was demonstrable. Autologous serum from dogs with progressively growing neoplasms appeared to potentiate the stimulation of tumor growth above a simple blocking of lymphocytic-mediated cytotoxicity. These results confirm our earlier reports of immune stimulation to tumor growth in vitro and support the hypothesis and work by Prehn that the early immune response to neoplasia might directly stimulate rather than inhibit tumor growth.
Mechanisms of Passive Sensitization
Authors: Ishizaka Teruko , Ishizaka Kimishige 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The mononuclear cell fraction of human leukocytes was exposed to different pH at 0°C and the presence of cell-bound IgE molecules on basophil granulocytes was examined by autoradiography. The results showed that both cell-bound normal IgE and E-myeloma protein bound to the basophils by passive sensitization dissociated from the cells upon exposure to pH 4 or lower. The receptor molecules on basophils was not degraded by the treatment. Basophils exposed to acid pH combined more IgE than untreated cells upon incubation with E myeloma protein at neutral pH. The results indicated that the binding between IgE and receptor molecules was reversible and did not involve a covalent bond.
Purification of HL-A Antigens from Normal Serum
Authors: Billing Ronald J. , Terasaki Paul I. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A relatively simple procedure using non-denaturing techniques has been established to isolate HL-A antigens from serum. The procedure involves QAE Sephadex ion-exchange chromatography, Concanavalin A Sepharose 4B chromatography, and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. There is approximately 17% recovery of the antigenic material in the final preparation with a 120-fold increase in specific activity over the original serum. The serum HL-A antigen is a glycoprotein containing 10 to 12% carbohydrate and having an approximate molecular weight of 130,000. The final antigen preparation migrates on polyacrylamide gels as a single band in the region of serum B1 globulins which can be entirely removed by pretreatment with specific HL-A antibodies.
In Vitro Induction of Specific Unresponsiveness Against the 2,4,6-Trinitrophenyl Determinant
Authors: Kettman J. , Davenport M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A state of unresponsiveness against the hapten 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl (TNP) can be induced in a mouse spleen cell suspension by incubation in vitro with TMP human serum albumin (HSA), a polyvalent but apparently non-immunogenic (in vitro) molecule. The depression is specific for the hapten since cells treated with TNP-HSA and cultured with TNP sheep red blood cells (SRBC) show normal anti-SRBC responses. The precursors of cells making anti-TNP antibody of higher avidity appear to be suppressed selectively. The mechanism of the induction of this specific unresponsiveness remains obscure.
Effects of Staphylococcal Protein a on Heat Labile Opsonins
Authors: Forsgren Arne , Quie Paul G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Staphylococcal protein A inhibited phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in in vitro phagocytosis systems with normal human serum. Protein A had no effect on phagocytic cells per se, and produced inhibition of the heat labile opsonins, i.e., of the complement system in normal sera at low concentration. At higher concentration of protein A there was little complement fixation and little inhibition of serum opsonic activity.
Studies on the Control of Antibody Synthesis
Authors: Mond James , Kim Young Tai , Siskind Gregory W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A progressive increase in antibody affinity occurred after immunization with dinitrophenylated keyhole limpet hemocyanin i.v. in the absence of adjuvants, provided a relatively low dose of antigen was used. When a higher dose of antigen was given i.v., very low affinity antibody was formed and no increase in affinity was observed. It is suggested that a high dose of antigen may stimulate lower affinity antibody-forming cells and induce tolerance in high affinity B lymphocytes. Adjuvants (complete Freund's adjuvant and endotoxin) increased the magnitude of the response and slightly increased the rate of increase in affinity. Depression of antibody synthesis with 6-MP had no effect on affinity unless treatment was begun before immunization. Under these conditions a marked depression in the magnitude of the immune response and a slight decrease in affinity was observed.
Thus, nonspecific modifications of the magnitude of the immune response with adjuvants or cytotoxic drugs can affect, but only slightly, the affinity of the antibody produced. This is consistent with the concept that the process of selection of cells making high affinity antibody proceeds somewhat more efficiently when there is a vigorous immune response. However, the major factors determining antibody affinity appear to be the antigen dose and the “selective pressure” of decreasing antigen concentration.
Kinetics and Clonal Restriction of the Anti-Dinitrophenyl Antibody Response to Dinitrophenyl-6-Amino-Caproyl-L-Tyrosine-Azobenzene-p-Arsonate in Guinea Pigs
Authors: Roelants Georges E. , Goodman Joel W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The anti-DNP responses in guinea pigs to the small bifunctional antigen DNP-SAC-RAT and to DNP-protein were compared. The response to DNP-SAC-RAT is more restricted both in terms of the anti-DNP titers reached in serum and of the number of DNP specific clones expressed. Priming with DNP-SAC-RAT led to an accelerated secondary response reaching similar levels of anti-DNP antibody as in the primary response. In sera showing restricted clonal patterns by isoelectric focusing, it was found that once a clone dominated the anti-DNP response it remained stable during the primary response and was the only one to reappear after secondary stimulation.
Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity in Prospective Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Lightbody James J. , Rosenberg Jerry C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Four types of cytotoxicity were observed in prospective kidney transplant recipients: a) antibody-mediated complement-dependent, b) cell-mediated, c) antibody-dependent cell-mediated (allogeneic effector cells), and d) antibody-dependent cell-mediated (recipient effector cells). The two types of cell-mediated assays which were antibody-dependent could detect the presence of preformed antibodies in recipients when the antibody-mediated complement-dependent cross-match was negative. The use recipient lymphocytes rather than allogeneic lymphocytes as effector cells generally resulted in higher 51Cr release. This appeared to be the result of antibody present in the recipient plasma directed toward determinants on the allogeneic effector cell. In some instances, however, the higher amount of cell lysis with recipient effector cells did not appear to be due to antibody inhibition of allogeneic effector cells.
The First Component of Human Complement (C1): Kinetics of Reaction with its Natural Substrates
Authors: Strunk Robert , Colten Harvey R. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Classical enzyme kinetic analyses were applied to define the mechanism of the effect of the fourth component (C4) on cleavage of the second component (C2) by the first component (C1) of human complement. The data indicated that the increased rate of cleavage of C2 by C1 in the presence of C4 was due to availability of a site for product deposition; the effect of C4 was reversed by blocking the site on C4 for C2 deposition. C2 cleavage by C1 followed first order kinetics.
In addition, our findings support the hypothesis that there are separate enzymatic sites on the C1 molecule for its natural substrates.
Interaction of the First (C1̄), the Second (C2) and the Fourth (C4) Component of Complement with Different Preparations of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides and with Lipid A
Authors: Loos Michael , Bitter-Suermann Dieter , Dierich Manfred 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Lipopolysaccharides of Gram-negative bacteria (LPS) known to activate the complement system via the alternate pathway bypassing C1̄, C4, and C2 had a direct effect on purified C1̄, but no effect on purified C4 and C2. These studies were performed with different preparations of LPS and of Lipid-A isolated from smooth (S-) and rought (R-) forms of Escherichia coli and Salmonella strains. It was shown that the effect of LPS on C1̄ depends upon the concentration and type of LPS applied: 0.77 µg of LPS from E. coli 0 75, 2.5 µg of LPS from S. minnesota R 595, 24 µg of Lipid-A and 55 µg of Lipid-A/BSA were necessary to get 50% inhibition of free C1̄. In contrast, 100 µg of LPS from E. coli 0 111, from S minnesota S-form, or from S. minnesota R 345 showed no significant inhibition. Binding of C1̄ to EA or EAC4 markedly reduced the effect of LPS and of Lipid-A on C1̄. The inhibition of C1̄ was shown to be the result of a direct interaction of LPS and of Lipid-A with the C1 subunit C1q: LPS precipitated C1q. LPS and Lipid-A had no effect on the C1 esterase activity against C2.