bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A many‐objective optimization algorithm with dual criteria and mixed distribution correction strategy
Authors: Zhang Zhixia , Wen Jie , Cai Xingjuan , Cui Zhihua 
Published: March 2023

SummaryIn many‐objective optimization algorithms, it is very important to maintain significant convergence and diversity of the population. And with the increasing demand in various fields, the optimization problem also becomes gradually complicated. Some existing many‐objective optimization algorithms are faced with challenges such as domination resistance and dimensional crisis. To solve these challenges, a many‐objective optimization algorithm based on dual criteria and mixed distribution correction strategy (MaOEA‐CSMDC) is proposed in this paper. To be specific, a matching selection strategy based on dual criteria combined by pareto domination strategy and achievement scalar function, which alleviates the domination resistance phenomenon and enhances the selection pressure of the algorithm. After that, an environment selection strategy based on equal probability mixed distribution correction is designed to better balance convergence and diversity. In this strategy, normal distribution, exponential distribution, and Cauchy distribution are introduced to adjust the weight of convergence and diversity in evolution by means of equal probability, so as to alleviate the problem that the conflict between them is intensified in the later stage of the algorithm. The experimental results show that, MaOEA‐CSMDC not only has advantages in convergence and diversity indicators, but also is more competitive in solving many‐objective optimization problems.
PV interneurons evoke astrocytic Ca2+ responses in awake mice, which contributes to neurovascular coupling
Authors: Krogsgaard Aske , Sperling Leonora , Dahlqvist Matilda , Thomsen Kirsten , Vydmantaite Gabriele , Li Fangyuan , Thunemann Martin , Lauritzen Martin , Lind Barbara Lykke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNeurovascular coupling (NVC) modulates cerebral blood flow to match increased metabolic demand during neuronal excitation. Activation of inhibitory interneurons also increase blood flow, but the basis for NVC caused by interneurons is unclear. While astrocyte Ca2+ levels rise with excitatory neural transmission, much less is known with regards to astrocytic sensitivity to inhibitory neurotransmission. We performed two‐photon microscopy in awake mice to examine the correlation between astrocytic Ca2+ and NVC, evoked by activation of either all (VGATIN) or only parvalbumin‐positive GABAergic interneurons (PVIN). Optogenetic stimulation of VGATIN and PVIN in the somatosensory cortex triggered astrocytic Ca2+ increases that were abolished by anesthesia. In awake mice, PVIN evoked astrocytic Ca2+ responses with a short latency that preceded NVC, whereas VGATIN evoked Ca2+ increases that were delayed relative to the NVC response. The early onset of PVIN evoked astrocytic Ca2+ increases depended on noradrenaline release from locus coeruleus as did the subsequent NVC response. Though the relationship between interneuron activity and astrocytic Ca2+ responses is complex, we suggest that the rapid astrocyte Ca2+ responses to increased PVIN activity shaped the NVC. Our results underline that interneuron and astrocyte‐dependent mechanisms should be studied in awake mice.
Incipient Nucleophilic Attack on a Carbonyl Group Adjacent to a Stereogenic Centre in Peri Naphthalene Derivatives
Authors: Bristow Jonathan C. , Leslie Ray , Wallis John D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe crystal structures of four peri‐naphthalene derivatives model the Felkin–Anh approach of a nucleophilic centre (OH or NMe2) to a carbonyl group attached to a stereogenic centre bearing a large (phenyl), medium (methyl) and a small (hydrogen) group. Thus, the conformation about the (O=)C−C* bond directs the phenyl group approximately perpendicular to the carbonyl group and away from the nucleophile, whose line of approach lies close to the hydrogen atom attached to the stereogenic centre. The nucleophile approaches the carbonyl group at 102.99(11)‐112.34(9)° (for NMe2) and at 118.56(14)° (for OH). The small pyramidalization of the carbonyl carbon towards the nucleophile increases as the nucleophilic centre approaches closer.
Oil prices and geopolitical risk: Fresh insights based on Granger‐causality in quantiles analysis
Authors: Shahbaz Muhammad , Sharif Arshian , Soliman Alaa M. , Jiao Zhilun , Hammoudeh Shawkat 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study examines the causality relationship between oil price movements and geopolitical risks for a group of 18 geopolitically sensitive countries, using monthly data by implementing all quantiles distributions. Contrary to earlier studies, which have applied the Granger‐causality through the conditional mean regression, this research estimates the association between the variables through Granger causality within quantiles. Evidence of a two‐way causality is found linking the changes in geopolitical risk and fluctuations in oil prices in the case of Thailand, Argentina, Israel, China, Mexico India, Korea, Indonesia, South Africa, Turkey, Philippines, Venezuela, Ukraine, and others. In addition, it is confirmed that oil prices Granger cause geopolitical risks for the countries like Brazil, Malaysia, and Colombia. Furthermore, a one‐way causality direction is found from changes in geopolitical risk to shifts in oil prices in Russia and Saudi Arabia, which are observed as super oil rich states. This study findings highlight the importance of government policies and business strategies that aim at containing the effects of geopolitical risk and the resulting oil price movements.
Exploring effects of Simvastatin on coagulation mediators to alleviate the advancement of high cholesterol diet triggered neurodegeneration
Authors: Khan Sana , Hasan Noorul , Khan Saba , Akhtar Mymoona , Akhtar Mohammad , Najmi Abul Kalam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objectives of our study were to investigate the possible effect of Simvastatin in ameliorating high cholesterol diet (HCD)‐induced neurodegeneration and to also investigate its possible action on coagulation mediators. In silico and in vitro studies were performed to evaluate the impact of Simvastatin on prime coagulation mediators. HCD was used to induce neuropathology in wistar rats and histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were performed to evaluate the efficacy of Simvastatin in preventing the advancement of neurodegeneration in obese rats. Biochemical analyses were used to estimate changes in lipid profile, oxidative stress, inflammatory and coagulation markers. Simvastatin showed good theoretical affinity to coagulation proteins, significantly reversed changes in inflammatory and coagulation biomarkers which were induced by HCD. Enhanced fibrinolytic activity of Simvastatin was revealed through in vitro analysis. Immunohistoanalysis showed raised level of Nrf2. Histopathological studies also supported neuroprotective potential of Simvastatin in HCD fed rats. Simvastatin demonstrated reduced hypercoagulation, enhanced fibrinolysis and reversed neurodegeneration in HCD exposed rats suggesting its potential role in preventing the progression of neurodegeneration in obesity.
STAT2‐induced linc02231 promotes tumorigenesis and angiogenesis through modulation of hnRNPA1/ANGPTL4 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Xu Shufen , Fang Ying , Chang Lisha , Bian Yibo , Wang Yuting , Ding Jie , Wang Yang , Zhang Yangyang , Pu Juan , Wang Keming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundLong non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a critical role in regulating various human diseases including cancer. In colorectal cancer (CRC), there are still some undervalued lncRNAs with potential functions and mechanisms that need to be clarified. The present study aimed to investigate the role of linc02231 in the progression of CRC.MethodsThe proliferation of CRC cells was evaluated using Cell Counting Kit‐8, colony formation, and 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. Cell migration was examined through wound healing and Transwell analyses. The impact of linc02231 on angiogenesis was determined through a tube formation assay. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of specific proteins. A mouse xenograft model is established to observe the effect of linc02231 on the in vivo growth of CRC cells. Target genes of linc02231 are screened using high‐throughput sequencing. The transcriptional activity of STAT2 on linc02231 and the binding activity between linc02231/miR‐939‐5p/hnRNPA1 were analyzed by a luciferase assay.ResultsBased on public databases and comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, we found that lncRNA linc02231 was upregulated in CRC tumor tissues, which is consistent with our clinical results. linc02231 promoted the proliferation and migration of CRC cells in vitro and their tumorigenicity in vivo. Furthermore, linc02231 promotes the angiogenic ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Mechanistically, the transcription factor STAT2 binds to the promoter region of linc02231 and activates its transcription. linc02231 also competes with miR‐939‐5p for binding to the pro‐oncogenic target gene hnRNPA1, preventing its degradation. hnRNPA1 prevents the maturation of angiopoietin‐like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) messenger RNA, leading to impaired tumor angiogenesis and increased metastasis of CRC.ConclusionsThe expression of linc02231, which is induced by STAT2, has been found to enhance the proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis of CRC by binding to miR‐939‐5p and increasing the expression of hnNRPA1 at the same time as suppressing ANGPTL4. These findings suggest that linc02231 could serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
Development and Validation of a Combined MRI Radiomics, Imaging and Clinical Parameter‐Based Machine Learning Model for Identifying Idiopathic Central Precocious Puberty in Girls
Authors: Zou Pinfa , Zhang Lingfeng , Zhang Ruifang , Wang Chenyan , Lin XingTong , Lai Can , Lu Yi , Yan Zhihan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundIdiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) impairs child development, without early intervention. The current reference standard, the gonadotropin‐releasing hormone stimulation test, is invasive which may hinder diagnosis and intervention.PurposeTo develop a model for accurate diagnosis of ICPP, by integrating pituitary MRI, carpal bone age, gonadal ultrasound, and basic clinical data.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 492 girls with PP (185 with ICPP and 307 peripheral precocious puberty [PPP]) were randomly divided by reference standard into training (75%) and internal validation (25%) data. Fifty‐one subjects (16 with ICPP, 35 with PPP) provided by another hospital as external validation.Field Strength/SequenceT1‐weighted (spin echo [SE], fast SE, cube) and T2‐weighted (fast SE‐fat suppression) imaging at 3.0 T or 1.5 T.AssessmentRadiomics features were extracted from pituitary MRI after manual segmentation. Carpal bone age, ovarian, follicle and uterine volumes and endometrium presence were assessed from radiographs and gonadal ultrasound. Four machine learning methods were developed: a pituitary MRI radiomics model, an integrated image model (with pituitary MRI, gonadal ultrasound and bone age), a basic clinical model (with age and sex hormone data), and an integrated multimodal model combining all features.Statistical TestsIntraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess consistency of segmentation. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the Delong tests were used to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of models. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe area under of the ROC curve (AUC) of the pituitary MRI radiomics model, integrated image model, basic clinical model, and integrated multimodal model in the training data was 0.668, 0.809, 0.792, and 0.860. The integrated multimodal model had higher diagnostic efficacy (AUC of 0.862 and 0.866 for internal and external validation).ConclusionThe integrated multimodal model may have potential as an alternative clinical approach to diagnose ICPP.Evidence Level3.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Crop forcing technique and irrigation strategy modified the content and phenolic profile of cv. Tempranillo grape berries grown in a semi‐arid climate
Authors: Lavado Nieves , Uriarte David , Moreno Daniel , Mancha Luis A. , Prieto M. Henar , Valdés M. Esperanza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDClimate change modifies the content and phenolic profiles of grapes and wines. It is known that high temperatures, related to climate change, reduce anthocyanins and procyanidin (catechin and tannin) compounds accumulated in the berries. In recent years, with the aim of improving the phenolic composition of the berries, the technique of crop forcing has been proposed to delay grape ripening to a more favourable period of temperatures.RESULTSIn this study, crop forcing was applied to cv. Tempranillo vines on two different dates, after flowering (F1) and after fruit set (F2), and compared to a treatment control (NF, without forcing). Additionally, as a secondary factor, two irrigation strategies were established in each treatment: irrigation with no water stress, and a pre‐veraison deficit irrigation. The study was carried out in three consecutive years (2017–2019). For most of the parameters analysed, no interaction was found. Therefore, for these parameters, the effect of each of these techniques was investigated independently. Regardless of the irrigation strategy, F2 berries achieved higher contents of catechins and anthocyanins than NF berries. Each year, regardless of the irrigation strategy, crop forcing increased the content of monoglucoside forms, and had a positive effect on the total content of malvidin, petunidin, delphinidin, peonidin and malvidin derivatives, but only affected acetyl and coumaryl forms in 2017. However, the effect of irrigation strategy was less significant and consistent, being more dependent on the vintage.CONCLUSIONRegardless of vine water status, crop forcing technique applied after fruit set could be used by vine growers to delay ripening of the grapes and thus achieve an increase in the anthocyanin characteristics of the grapes. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Audiologic Follow‐up in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Treated With Cisplatin and Radiation
Authors: Lee David S. , Travis Emma Y. , Wong Susan K. , Collopy Cathryn , McClannahan Katrina S. , Ortmann Amanda J. , Rich Jason T. , Pipkorn Patrik , Puram Sidharth V. , Jackson Ryan S. , Paniello Randal C. , Adkins Douglas R. , Oppelt Peter , Thorstad Wade L. , Wick Cameron C. , Zevallos Jose P. , Mazul Angela L. 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesEvaluate factors associated with adherence to ototoxicity monitoring among patients with head and neck cancer treated with cisplatin and radiation therapy at a tertiary care center.MethodsWe performed a single‐institution retrospective cohort study on adults with head and neck cancer treated with cisplatin and radiation therapy who participated in an ototoxicity monitoring program. The primary outcomes were rates of post‐treatment audiograms at the following time points: one, three, six, 12, and greater than 12 months. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors associated with complete loss of follow‐up after pre‐treatment evaluation.ResultsTwo hundred ninety‐four head and neck cancer patients were analyzed. Overall, 220 (74.8%) patients had at least one post‐treatment audiogram; 58 (20.0%) patients had more than one audiogram. The time point with the highest follow‐up rate was at 3 months (n = 170, 57.8%); rates at the remaining times ranged from 7.1% to 14.3%. When controlling for covariates, patients without insurance and those with stage IV cancers were associated with complete loss of audiologic follow‐up (aOR = 7.18, 95% CI = 2.75–19.90; aOR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.02–3.77, respectively). Among 156 patients recommended for a hearing aid, only 39 (24.8%) patients received one.ConclusionsHead and neck cancer patients enrolled in an ototoxicity monitoring program demonstrate moderately high follow‐up rates for at least one post‐treatment audiogram. However, follow‐up tapers dramatically after 6 months, and overall hearing aid utilization is low. Further research is needed to understand barriers to long‐term audiologic follow‐up and hearing aid utilization to decrease untreated hearing loss in cancer survivorship.Level of EvidenceLevel 3 Laryngoscope, 133:3161–3168, 2023
Nationwide Utilization of Computerized Dynamic Posturography in an Era of Deimplementation
Authors: Chieffe Douglas J. , Zuniga Steven A. , Marmor Schelomo , Adams Meredith E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractComputerized dynamic posturography (CDP) provides multisensory assessment of balance. Consensus is lacking regarding CDP utility and coverage determinations vary. To inform best practices and policy, this cross‐sectional study quantifies provider use of CDP among Medicare beneficiaries over time (2012‐2017), by geographic region (hospital referral region [HRR]), and specialty. We observed 195,267 beneficiaries underwent 212,847 CDP tests totaling $15,780,001 in payments. Number of CDPs billed per 100,000 beneficiaries varied 534‐fold across HRRs. Over 6 years, CDP use grew by 84% despite stagnant reimbursement. More utilization was attributable to primary care clinicians than specialties focused on care for dizziness and balance disorders. The observed growth and variation illustrate the potential for policy and provider preferences to drive unexpected practice patterns and underscore the need to engage a broad network of providers to develop optimal guidelines for use. CDP may offer a use case for deimplementation of low‐value diagnostic services.
Ion geochemistry of a coastal ice wedge in northwestern Canada: Contributions from marine aerosols and implications for ice‐wedge paleoclimate interpretations
Authors: Holland Kira M. , Porter Trevor J. , Criscitiello Alison S. , Froese Duane G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIce wedges are a characteristic ground ice feature in permafrost regions that form primarily from the meltwater of the seasonal snowpack. Ice‐wedge oxygen and hydrogen stable isotopes have been used in winter paleotemperature reconstructions; however, until recently, the ion geochemistry of ice wedges has rarely been analyzed as a potential paleoclimate proxy. This potential is greatest for ice wedges located in coastal regions, where marine aerosols are the dominant contributor to snowpack impurities. Here, we evaluate the source and integrity of ionic concentrations of a coastal ice wedge in the northwestern Canadian Arctic (Beaufort Sea coast) to evaluate the use of ice wedges as a marine aerosol archive. Comparison to a regionally comparable snowpack reveals remarkably similar ionic concentrations for Cl−, Na+, Br−, SO42−, Ca2+, and Mg2+, with a Cl−/Na+ ratio similar to bulk seawater (1.80 vs. 1.79 in seawater), suggesting that marine aerosols, probably from sea salt aerosol production during blowing snow events over sea ice as indicated by depleted SO42− values relative to Na+, are probably the dominant contributor to ion concentrations. A previously established linear age model for the ice wedge is used to develop a continuous ion record spanning ~4,600 to ~700 yr b2k. Cl− and Na+ concentrations reveal a strong and continuous increase in concentrations over the late Holocene, thought to be driven by reduced distance‐to‐coast of up to 1 km as a result of coastal erosion. This study presents a novel interpretation of ice‐wedge geochemical data and represents the first Holocene ice‐wedge ion record.
In and out of privileged and disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Sweden: On the importance of country of birth
Authors: Gustafsson Björn , Österberg Torun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMoves into and out of privileged neighbourhoods as well as moves into and out of disadvantaged neighbourhoods in metropolitan Sweden are studied using register data on all moves by adults that took place between 2004 and 2006. Based on estimated multivariate models, we find that, for all four types of moves, age, education, household income, household composition and its changes, as well as labour market status and its changes, matter. However, in addition, where the person was born can matter, as, with some exceptions, foreign‐born people are less likely than natives with the same characteristics to move into a privileged neighbourhood. Furthermore, foreign‐born are typically less likely than natives with the same characteristics to move out of the metropolitan regions. However, considerable heterogeneity in probabilities to move between those born in different categories of countries is found. Adults born in high‐income countries are, in many cases, moving similarly to natives with the same characteristics, while this is typically not found among people born in low‐income countries. The latter might be due to fewer assets, lesser social capital, discrimination in the housing market or in housing finance or by choice.
Effect of saffron and fenugreek on lowering blood glucose: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Correia Alisson Guilherme da Silva , Alencar Matheus Batista , dos Santos Alexsia Nunes , da Paixão Dayanne Cristina Barreto , Sandes Flávia Luryane Ferreira , Andrade Brenda , Castro Yandra , de Andrade Joseilze Santos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSaffron and fenugreek have been shown to have an effect on lowering blood glucose; therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of using saffron and fenugreek on blood glucose control. PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant articles. Articles on the use of saffron or fenugreek to control blood glucose were selected in compliance with PRISMA guidelines. R software was used for statistical analysis. The mean difference (MD) and the standardized MD (SMD) were adopted, and subgroup analyses were performed according to patient's clinical condition. Nineteen studies comprised this meta‐analysis. Overall, using fenugreek decreased fasting blood glucose (FBG) (SMD: −0.90; 95%CI: −1.43 to −0.38; I2 = 87%; p < 0.001), postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) (SMD: −1.13; 95%CI: −1.99 to −0.28; I2 = 94%; p < 0.001), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (SMD: −0.43; 95%CI: −0.75 to −0.12; I2 = 20%; p = 0.29). Saffron supplementation reduced FBG (MD: −9.06 mg/dl; 95%CI: −16.25 to −1.86; I2 = 40%; p = 0.12) and HbA1c (MD: −0.19%; 95%CI: −0.23 to −0.14; I2 = 0%; p > 0.99). Our results show that using saffron and fenugreek can reduce FBG, PPBG, and HbA1c; however, there are some shortcomings that require attention for these results. Further high‐quality studies should be conducted to establish the clinical efficacy of herbal medicines.
Modernization, Democracy, and Judicial Governance
Authors: Castillo-Ortiz Pablo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter puts the relationship between judicial governance and democratic quality in context. Using modernization theory the chapter hypothesises that the negative correlation found earlier in this book between the existence of judicial councils and democratic quality is a result of an omitted variable bias: that omitted variable is modernization. Using robust regressions, the chapter shows that, in general, variations in the design of judicial governance have no significant effect on the quality of democracy in European countries.