bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Ink Writing of 3D Chiral Soft Photonic Crystals
Authors: Valenzuela Cristian , Ma Shaoshuai , Yang Yanzhao , Chen Yuanhao , Zhang Xuan , Wang Ling , Feng Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBlue phase liquid crystals (BPLCs) are regarded as self‐organized 3D chiral soft photonic crystals with iridescent, tunable, and circularly polarized structural colors. However, arbitrary patterning of BPLCs with satisfactory microscopic self‐assembly remains challenging. Here, the direct ink writing of 3D chiral soft photonic crystals using BPLC precursor inks is reported. The dynamic evolution of a BPLC ink droplet cooling from an isotropic state to a blue phase state is studied to prepare mono‐domain BPLCs with high reflectivity. The diverse macroscopic design of BPLC patterns can be obtained by printing the BPLC inks on different substrates, and controlled self‐assembly enables high color brightness, circularly polarized reflection, and sufficient thermal stability after photo‐polymerization. Interestingly, the angle‐dependent optical properties of the printed lines and faces are found to be different due to the 3D photonic nanostructures of BPLCs. The research disclosed here provides unprecedented controllability in the fabrication of patterned 3D soft photonic crystals and extends their applications in displays, optical devices, 3D optics, and photonics.
Design Strategies, Characterization Mechanisms, and Applications of MOFs in Polymer Composite Electrolytes for Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: He Honggui , Deng Nanping , Wang Xiaoyin , Gao Lu , Tang Chuqing , Wu Enjie , Ren Junguang , Yang Xianbo , Feng Nini , Gao Dezhou , Zhuang Xupin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSolid composite electrolytes (SCEs) composed of functional fillers and solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) can overcome some shortcomings of single‐phase and combine some advantages of each component, and are considered as high‐performance solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) candidates for assembling solid‐state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) with high safety and high energy density. In recent years, due to high designability of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), MOFs/polymer composite electrolytes (MPCEs) have become a highly promising novel type of SCEs. Based on the above content, this article first describes the composition and mechanism of action of MPCEs, followed by a discussion on typical fabrication methods for MPCEs. In addition, the mechanisms of unmodified neat MOFs in improving performance for SSEs and enhancing interface stability are presented in detail, with a focus on the design strategies of MOFs and their applications in MPCEs, including dimensional design, ligand design, IL@MOFs design, and hybrid design. Finally, a thorough analysis is conducted on the current challenges faced by MPCEs, and corresponding future development directions are proposed. This review presents a comprehensive, systematic, and easily understandable analysis of the application and mechanism of action of different MOFs designs in MPCEs, providing a new perspective for researchers to study high‐performance SSEs.
Magnetic‐Field‐Driven Fabrication of Robust Metal‐Organic Framework Membranes for Efficient Propylene/Propane Separation
Authors: Li Fujun , Zhang Hui , Wu Feichao , Hou Xinran , Xu Qian , Li Jingde , Guo Yu , Jiang Zhongyi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractZeolitic imidazolate framework‐67 (ZIF‐67) membranes hold great promise in efficiently separating propene/propane mixtures. However, achieving highly permselective ZIF‐67 membranes remains challenging due to unruly crystal nucleation and poor grain boundary structure. Herein, a magnetic‐field‐driven approach is reported to fabricating high‐quality ZIF‐67 membranes on anodized aluminum oxide substrates at room temperature. The presence of a magnetic field increases the nucleation rates by shortening the induction period, facilitates the orderly and rapid migration of Co2+ ions, optimizes the nucleation of ZIF‐67 crystallites on the substrate, and inhibits the excessive crystal growth of ZIF‐67 grains. These factors collectively contribute to improving the grain boundary structure and suppressing inter‐grain defects in MOF membranes. The resulting ZIF‐67 membranes, with a thickness of less than 480 nm, exhibit a superior propylene/propane separation performance, featuring a separation factor of 135 and a propylene permeance of 2.3 × 10−8 mol m−2 s−1 Pa−1. The magnetic‐field‐driven approach is expected to greatly promote the development of MOF membranes for highly efficient and energy‐saving separations.
Metal‐Modified Zr‐MOFs with AIE Ligands for Boosting CO2 Adsorption and Photoreduction
Authors: Wang Bolun , Li Wen , Liu Junmin , Gan Tao , Gao Shiqin , Li Lin , Zhang Tianjun , Zhou Yida , Shi Zhaohui , Li Jiyang , Liu Yunling , Yu Jihong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe design and synthesis of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with outstanding light‐harvesting and photoexcitation for artificial photocatalytic CO2 reduction is an attractive but challenging task. In this work, a novel aggregation‐induced emission (AIE)‐active ligand, tetraphenylpyrazine (PTTBPC) is proposed and utilized for the first time to construct a Zr‐MOF photocatalyst via coordination with stable Zr‐oxo clusters. Zr‐MOF is featured by a scu topology with a two‐fold interpenetrated framework, wherein the PTTBPC ligands enable strong light‐harvesting and photoexcitation, while the Zr‐oxo clusters facilitate CO2 adsorption and activation, as well as offer potential sites for further metal modification. Consequently, the Zr‐PTTBPC and its Co/Ni derivatives not only exhibit exceptional stability and high CO2 adsorption capability (73 cm3 g−1 at 273 K and 1 atm), but also demonstrate a CO production rate of up to 293.2 µmol g h−1 under 420 nm LED light that can be reused for at least three cycles. With insights from charge‐carrier dynamics and theoretical calculations, the underlying mechanism is revealed, confirming that the single‐phase multi‐component synergy is the key for the outstanding photocatalytic CO2 reduction. This work showcases a brand‐new type of MOF photocatalyst based on AIE ligands and their promising applications in photocatalytic C1 conversion.
AFM‐Based Functional Tomography – To Mill or Not to Mill, that is the Question!
Authors: Sharma Niyorjyoti , Holsgrove Kristina M. , Dalzell James , McCluskey Conor J. , He Jilai , Meier Dennis , Prabhakaran Dharmalingam , Rodriguez Brian J. , McQuaid Raymond G.P. , Gregg J. Marty , Kumar Amit 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe electrical response of ferroelectric domain walls is often influenced by their geometry underneath the sample surface. Tomographic imaging in these material systems has therefore become increasingly important for its ability to correlate the surface‐level functional response with subsurface domain microstructure. In this context, AFM‐based tomography emerges as a compelling choice because of its simplicity, high resolution, and robust contrast mechanism. However, to date, the technique has been implemented in a limited number of ferroelectric materials, typically to depths of a few hundred nanometers or on relatively soft materials, resulting in an unclear understanding of its capabilities and limitations. In this work, AFM tomography is carried out in YbMnO3, mapping its complex domain microstructure up to a depth of ≈1.8 µm along with its current pathways. A model is presented, describing the impact of interconnected domain walls within the network, which act as current dividers and codetermine how currents distribute. Finally, challenges such as tip‐blunting and subsurface damage are identified through TEM studies, and strategies to address them are also put forward. This study highlights the potential of AFM tomography and can spur interest within the ferroics community for its use in the investigation of similar material systems.
Fiber Bragg Gratings with Micro‐Engineered Temperature Coefficients
Authors: Song Zipei , Wang Mohan , Payne Frank P. , Salter Patrick S. , Liu Tongyu , Elston Steve J. , Booth Martin J. , Morris Stephen M. , Fells Julian A. J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) are ubiquitous as sensors for a range of parameters and also as optical components in telecommunications systems. However, their temperature dependence of around +10 pm °C−1 is a limiting factor, making it challenging for sensors to discriminate strain from temperature, while telecommunications components require additional thermal stabilization. The temperature‐dependent properties of optical fiber are micro‐engineered by creating microchannels within the cladding using femtosecond laser‐assisted etching. These channels are filled with low‐loss refractive index liquids which have thermo‐optic coefficients that are around 50 times greater magnitude than silica and the opposite sign. Low‐loss FBGs are microfabricated in standard single‐mode fiber, with wide control over their temperature coefficient between +10 and −55 pm °C−1. A temperature‐insensitive FBG is also fabricated which is stable to ±12.5 pm over a 17–45 °C range, which is an order of magnitude reduction in sensitivity. It has only ±3.5% reflectivity variation from the mean over this range and only 1.29 dB insertion loss.
Machine learning on multi‐spectral imagery to estimate nutrient yield of mixed‐species cover crops
Authors: Kharel Tulsi P. , Tyler Heather L. , Mubvumba Partson , Huang Yanbo , Bhandari Ammar B. , Fletcher Reginald S. , Anapalli Saseendran , Joshi Deepak R. , Mengistu Alemu , Birru Girma , Adhikari Kabindra , Dhakal Madhav , Maskey Mahesh L. , Reddy Krishna N. , Clay David E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study aimed to estimate mixed‐species cover crop (CC) biomass and nutrient contents using remote sensing, as ground‐based measurements are time‐consuming and costly. Eleven CC treatments with varying grass‐legume proportions (GLP) were sampled, and nutrient contents were determined along with multispectral imagery captured during the first and fourth weeks of March and the fourth week of April 2023. Biomass N (R2 = 0.46–0.60) and K% (R2 = 0.41—0.71) decreased with increasing GLP. The chlorophyll absorption ratio index and the normalized difference vegetation index closely followed the biomass nutrients N, P, and K combined yield (Bio_NPK) trend. Machine learning algorithms random forest (RF) and partial least square (PLS) regression were better for biomass (R2 = 0.74 with RF) and N% (R2 = 0.72 with PLS) prediction compared to the Bio_NPK prediction. These results are crucial for scientists to devise appropriate analysis approaches for estimating the benefits of mixed‐species CC.
Layer‐By‐Layer Approach to Improve the Capacitance of Conducting Polymer Films
Authors: Skorupa Małgorzata , Cao Ethan , Barylski Adrian , Shakibania Sara , Pluczyk‐Małek Sandra , Siwy Zuzanna , Krukiewicz Katarzyna 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn the pursuit of energy storage devices offering high power density, rapid charge and discharge rates, a layer‐by‐layer deposition approach is shown to improve the capacitive properties of conducting polymer‐based devices. This work describes the synthesis and characterization of a composite material based on poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxypyrrole) (PEDOP) for supercapacitor applications. PEDOT and PEDOP are sequentially electropolymerized using cyclic voltammetry to form bilayer structures, overcoming challenges associated with copolymerization. The evaluation of electrochemical performance of the PEDOT/PEDOP composite reveals superior areal capacitance (42.2 ± 2.8 mF cm−2 at the scan rate of 5 mV s−1) outperforming both homopolymers by up to 30%. Microscopic and spectroscopic surface analysis confirm the uniform coating of PEDOT/PEDOP and enhanced surface roughness resulting from the formation of 3D nanostructures, contributing to improved electrochemical performance. Further electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analysis demonstrates low charge transfer resistance (25 ± 8 Ω) and high energy density with respect to the area of the electrode (3.53 ± 0.3 µWh cm−2 at 55 µW cm−2), making PEDOT/PEDOP composite a promising material for high‐performance supercapacitors.
High‐throughput phenotyping and machine learning techniques in soybean breeding: Exploring the potential of aerial imaging and vegetation indices
Authors: Miranda Melissa Cristina de Carvalho , Aono Alexandre Hild , Fagundes Talieisse Gomes , Arduini Giovanni Michelan , Pinheiro José Baldin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSoybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) breeding programs face challenges in evaluating large progeny populations, which is labor‐ and resource‐intensive. This study addresses these challenges using high‐throughput phenotyping and machine learning (ML) models to predict phenotypic traits in soybeans. We developed and validated ML models using vegetation indices and canopy images from aerial imagery. A total of 275 soybean genotypes were characterized across two environments and management practices. A total of 11 classical traits were measured, and five vegetation indices were calculated from aerial images at different growth stages. ML algorithms, including support vector machine for regression, random forest (RF), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and adaptive boosting, were employed. Additionally, convolutional neural networks with transfer learning were used to extract features from the images. Significant correlations were found between agronomic traits, vegetation indices, and canopy characteristics. The high heritability of the red–green–blue vegetation index and green leaf index (mean broad‐sense heritability of 0.56) compared to other RGB‐based indices indicates their potential usefulness in genetic evaluations. Advanced ML techniques, particularly transfer learning with ResNet 50, enhanced the prediction of phenotypic traits such as days to the R7 growth stage (DR7) and plant height at maturation (PHM). The integration of ResNet 50 with RF achieved a prediction accuracy of 0.64 for DR7, while ResNet 50 with MLP reached an accuracy of 0.68 for PHM. These findings highlight the potential of these techniques to improve decision‐making in soybean breeding. Lastly, principal component analysis identified genotypes with desirable trait combinations, advancing soybean development.
Impact of Seed Regulation Reform on Licensing Fees of Varieties in China
Authors: Xiang Cheng , Yang Rui , Wang Xia , Huang Jikun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCrop breeding research and seed industry development are critical to promoting sustainable growth in agricultural production and ensuring food security. The Chinese government introduced a significant reform to the original seed regulation system, which was overly focused on market access management. This revision can profoundly impact the licensing market of seed varieties in China. However, the licensing issue in the seed industry has barely been tapped owing to the limited availability of real licensing data. This study aims to analyze the impacts of the seed regulation reform on the licensing fees of varieties in China based on some unique actual transaction data of variety licensing. We employed a nationwide in‐person survey of seed companies and used a multivariate analysis. The results indicate that most seed companies in China were obliged to buy licenses for new varieties bred by others. An upfront lump‐sum fixed‐fee payment had also been the most used strategy for variety licensing. The estimation results of the multivariate analysis indicate that seed regulation reform in China led to an average decline of nearly half of the licensing fee of a variety. After the reform, the licensing prices of conventional rice varieties decreased the most, followed by maize varieties. By contrast, the reform did not significantly affect the licensing fees of hybrid rice varieties. The reform resulted in a 63% drop in licensing fee of a public‐bred variety, while having no significant impact on that of private‐bred varieties. Post reform, the licensee fee of a variety paid by smaller seed companies and non‐state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) decreased by 62% and 65%, respectively, while the fees paid by bigger seed companies and SOEs were not significantly affected. Moreover, the results confirm that newer varieties and the varieties with higher yield and exclusive contracts have significantly higher licensing fees, and large seed companies paid significantly more on a variety license. These results have important implications for market participants and policymakers in China's seed industry as well as other industries.
Prognostic significance of six autoantibodies in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective multi‐institutional study
Authors: Shiratori Fumiaki , Fujiwara Naoto , Nakajima Yasuaki , Otsuka Koji , Murakami Masahiko , Matsuda Satoru , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Takahashi Keita , Tanishima Yuichiro , Oka Daiji , Ito Shunichi , Narumiya Kosuke , Aramaki Osamu , Takayama Tadatoshi , Suzuki Takashi , Yajima Satoshi , Shimada Hideaki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimSerum autoantibodies have been reported to react with tumor‐associated antigens in various cancers. This study evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic significance of six autoantibody panels in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsIn this study, 193 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 78 healthy controls were enrolled. Serum antibodies were detected using originally developed enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays to detect autoantibodies against the following tumor antigens: c‐myc, p62, RalA, p53, Sui1, and NY‐ESO‐1. The positive rates of the six‐autoantibody panel were compared with those of SCC antigen (SCC‐Ag). The prognostic significance of these autoantibodies was also evaluated.ResultsThe overall positive rate was significantly higher in the six‐autoantibody panel than in SCC‐Ag (72% vs. 28%; p < 0.01). The positive rates of the six‐autoantibody panel were 71% in stage 0/I, 73% in stage II, and 71% in stage III. No clinicopathological factors were associated with autoantibodies. Although the difference was not significant, the overall survival of the autoantibody‐positive group was worse than that of the autoantibody‐negative group (p = 0.14).ConclusionThe six‐autoantibody panel was useful for detecting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, particularly in stage 0/I; however, it showed limited prognostic significance.
Virginia Memory Project: Using the Healthy Brain Initiative Roadmap to design a statewide dementia registry
Authors: Rhodes Annie , Staton Ashley , French Evan , Price Andrea , Battle Brian , MacDonald Catherine , Ivey Kimberly , Zanjani Faika , Coney Rachel , Miller Melicent , Farkas Meghan , Sargent Lana , Bluestein Daniel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe Virginia Memory Project (VMP) is a statewide epidemiological registry for Alzheimer's disease and related disorders (ADRD) and other neurodegenerative conditions. It aims to support dementia research, policy, and care by leveraging the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) Roadmap.METHODSTo capture comprehensive data, the VMP integrates self‐enrollment and automatic enrollment using Virginia's All‐Payer Claims Database (APCD). It also adapts Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) modules for self‐reported cognitive and caregiving data, offering connections to research, clinical services, and education.RESULTSVirginia successfully codified the VMP in the 2024 general assembly session.DISCUSSIONThe VMP demonstrates a novel approach to Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders (ADRD) surveillance by combining traditional registry functions with community engagement and workforce development. Future efforts will focus on increasing enrollment, especially among underrepresented groups, to enhance data‐driven dementia policy and care in Virginia.Highlights
Integrated the Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI) domains into the newest statewide epidemiological dementia registry in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
Collected data and identified gaps in the current research related to dementia and Alzheimer's related diseases.
Aimed to mitigate barriers to dementia registry enrollment by identifying significant underdiagnosis and underrepresentation of racial and ethnic minority groups.
Developed solutions to alleviate the current data and enrollment disparities and to connect individuals to research, physicians, and community groups.
Proteomic profiling of the large‐vessel vasculitis spectrum identifies shared signatures of innate immune activation and stromal remodelling
Authors: Maughan Robert T. , MacDonald‐Dunlop Erin , Haroon‐Rashid Lubna , Sorensen Louise , Chaddock Natalie , Masters Shauna , Porter Andrew , Peverelli Marta , Pericleous Charis , Hutchings Andrew , Robinson James , Youngstein Taryn , Luqmani Raashid A. , Mason Justin C. , Morgan Ann W. , Peters James E. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTakayasu arteritis (TAK) and giant cell arteritis (GCA), the most common forms of large‐vessel vasculitis (LVV), can result in serious morbidity. Understanding the molecular basis of LVV should aid in developing better biomarkers and treatments.MethodsPlasma proteomic profiling of 184 proteins was performed in two cohorts. Cohort 1 included patients with established TAK (n=96) and large‐vessel GCA (LV‐GCA, n=35) in addition to healthy control participants (HCs, n=35). Cohort 2 comprised patients presenting acutely with possible cranial‐GCA in whom the diagnosis was subsequently confirmed (C‐GCA, n=150) or excluded (Not C‐GCA, n=89). Proteomic findings were compared to published transcriptomic data from LVV‐affected arteries.ResultsIn Cohort 1, comparison to HCs revealed 52 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in TAK and 72 in LV‐GCA. Within‐case analyses identified 16 and 18 disease activity‐associated proteins in TAK and LV‐GCA, respectively. In Cohort 2, comparing C‐GCA versus Not C‐GCA revealed 31 DAPs. Analysis within C‐GCA cases suggested the presence of distinct endotypes, with more pronounced proteomic changes in the biopsy‐proven subgroup. Cross‐comparison of TAK, LV‐GCA and biopsy‐proven C‐GCA revealed highly similar plasma proteomic profiles, with 26 shared DAPs including IL6, monocyte/macrophage related proteins (CCL7, CSF1), tissue remodelling proteins (TIMP1, TNC) and novel associations (TNFSF14, IL7R). Plasma proteomic findings reflected LVV arterial phenotype; for 42% of DAPs, the corresponding gene was differentially expressed in tissue.ConclusionsThese findings suggest shared pathobiology across the LVV spectrum involving innate immunity, lymphocyte homeostasis and tissue remodelling. Network‐based analyses highlighted immune‐stromal crosstalk and identified novel therapeutic targets (e.g. TNFSF14).
A Blueprint for Creating High‐Performing Teams of Ecologists and Environmental Scientists
Authors: Love Hannah B. , Dickmann Ellyn M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlthough effective teamwork has been widely studied, little of this information is readily accessible to ecologists, environmental scientists, and their collaborators. In this article, we provide a Blueprint, comprised of 10 professional tips to guide ecological and environmental scientists and their teams toward high performance. This Blueprint uses illustrative qualitative survey data and network analysis data from an international ecology‐based team which used a values‐based approach to influence the structure of their network and interpersonal relationships. In addition, they built trust and achieved their goals of creating an expansive collaborative, allowing for data sharing.