bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-native earthworms increase the abundance and diet quality of a common woodland salamander in its northern range
Authors: Scott Trevor , Bradley Robert L. , Bourgault Patrice 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNon-native earthworms found in Eastern Canada substantially affect soil properties and plant diversity, but less is known about their impacts on higher faunal species. We investigated the effects of non-native earthworms on populations of Plethodon cinereus, a common woodland salamander. We hypothesized that earthworms could adversely affect P. cinereus by consuming the forest floor, thereby decreasing soil moisture and the abundance of native preys. Conversely, earthworms could positively affect P. cinereus by providing refuge in their abandoned burrows and by being a novel prey. We installed 25 coverboards in 38 mature sugar maple (Acer saccharum) forests, 24 of which were earthworm-free. Over the next two years, we monitored earthworm and salamander populations using hot mustard extractions and visible implant elastomers, respectively. At a subset of four sites, two with and two without earthworms, we determined salamander diets in the spring (May–June), summer (July–August) and fall (September–October) seasons, using gastric lavage techniques. Forest floor depth decreased, whereas population density, body size and total prey volume of P. cinereus increased, with earthworm abundance. Earthworms, which are soft-bodied and nutritious prey, composed most of the salamander diet at sites with earthworms, volumetrically accounting for > 50% of total prey volume. Despite this, we found fewer prey items in the stomach of salamanders at earthworm-invaded sites, indicating that salamanders are getting a higher caloric intake per feeding while expending less energy. We conclude that non-native earthworms have a net beneficial effect on P. cinereus populations in Eastern Canada, mainly by improving diet quality.
New Australian frontier in freshwater fish invasion via Torres Strait Islands
Authors: Waltham Nathan J. , Snape Natale , Villacorta-Rath Cecilia , Burrows Damien 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAll continents, excluding Antarctica and the Artic, have been affected by incursion from alien freshwater fish species. Australia has not been spared. Four hundred and fifty species have now been declared on the ornamental importation list, making management a real challenge. With approximately 25 non-native species documented, Papua New Guinea (PNG) has likely some problems with invasive freshwater fish. Many of these species have been intentionally introduced to increase access to food as a protein source for remote communities or have spread naturally from western parts of Java and Indonesia, and now constitute a large biomass on some floodplain areas in PNG. The Torres Strait is located between PNG and northern Queensland and was previously a land bridge, though now under higher sea levels the region exists as a series of approximately 300 islands. The threat of further range extension of freshwater fish from PNG into northern Queensland via the Torres Strait Islands is significant, with two invasive fish species already recorded on northern islands of the Torres Strait (climbing perch,Anabas testudineuswhich has been continually recorded for the past decade; and recently the GIFT tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus). Here we present a case to control further spread of invasive freshwater fish species towards Australia, using a Land and Sea Ranger program, where Rangers are trained to be confident in the identification of pest fish species and to implement strategies to protect their borders from potential future incursions. The success of this program relies on Rangers to continue partaking in surveillance monitoring of coastal waters, checking and controlling for any new invasive species moving from PNG into Australian waters. We outline the biosecurity obligation under Article 14 of the Treaty between the two nations, which identifies the importance of conservation and protection of coastal floodplains from invasive species, and the spread between both nations.
Navigating the Landscape of MANF Research: A Scientometric Journey with CiteSpace Analysis
Authors: Zhang Caixia , Zhang Mi , Cao Xueqin , Jiao Bo , Zhang Wencui , Yu Shangchen , Zhang Xianwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study employs bibliometric analysis through CiteSpace to comprehensively evaluate the status and trends of MANF (mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor) research spanning 25 years (1997–2022). It aims to fill the gap in objective and comprehensive reviews of MANF research. MANF-related studies were extracted from the Web of Science database. MANF publications were quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed for various factors by CiteSpace, including publication volume, journals, countries/regions, institutions, and authors. Keywords and references were visually analyzed to unveil research evolution and hotspot. Analysis of 353 MANF-related articles revealed escalating annual publications, indicating growing recognition of MANF's importance. High-impact journals such as the International Journal of Molecular Sciences and Journal of Biological Chemistry underscored MANF’s interdisciplinary significance. Collaborative networks highlighted China and the USA’s pivotal roles, while influential figures and partnerships drove understanding of MANF's mechanisms. Co-word analysis of MANF-related keywords exposed key evolutionary hotspots, encompassing neurotrophic effects, cytoprotective roles, MANF-related diseases, and the CDNF/MANF family. This progression from basic understanding to clinical potential showcased MANF’s versatility from cellular protection to therapy. Bibliometric analysis reveals MANF’s diverse research trends and pathways, from basics to clinical applications, driving medical progress. This comprehensive assessment enriches understanding and empowers researchers for dynamic evolution, advancing innovation, and benefiting patients.
Graphical Abstract
Bibliometric analysis of MANF research. The graphical abstract depicts the bibliometric analysis of MANF research, highlighting its aims, methods, and key results.
Implementing climate literacy in schools — what to teach our teachers?
Authors: Leve Anna-Kathryn , Michel Hanno , Harms Ute 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClimate literacy (CL) comprises knowledge, skills, and attitudes that enable individuals to counteract the global threat of anthropogenic climate change. Teachers’ knowledge and pedagogy are main predictors of students’ learning outcomes, but teachers are insufficiently prepared in the interdisciplinary field of CL. In a multilevel interrogation of experts in the fields of climate science, education research, and school, we derived 13 delineated themes describing necessary knowledge concerning the scientific background of climate change as well as pedagogy and teaching strategies. These themes indicate that teachers need a broad basis of understanding the climate system, climate science, causes of, impacts of, and dealing with climate change as well as the ability to convey this interdisciplinary content into teaching, by making the topic personally relevant and strengthening students’ role as change agents. The findings underline the need to promote interdisciplinary ways of teaching towards CL and provide a baseline for the development of future teacher preparation.
GitHub Actions: The Impact on the Pull Request Process
Authors: Wessel Mairieli , Vargovich Joseph , Gerosa Marco A. , Treude Christoph 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSoftware projects frequently use automation tools to perform repetitive activities in the distributed software development process. Recently, GitHub introducedGitHub Actions, a feature providing automated workflows for software projects. Understanding and anticipating the effects of adopting such technology is important for planning and management. Our research investigates how projects useGitHub Actions, what the developers discuss about them, and how project activity indicators change after their adoption. Our results indicate that 1,489 out of 5,000 most popular repositories (almost 30% of our sample) adoptGitHub Actionsand that developers frequently ask for help implementing them. Our findings also suggest that the adoption ofGitHub Actionsleads to more rejections of pull requests (PRs), more communication in accepted PRs and less communication in rejected PRs, fewer commits in accepted PRs and more commits in rejected PRs, and more time to accept a PR. We found similar results when segmenting our results by categories ofGitHub Actions. We suggest practitioners consider these effects when adoptingGitHub Actionson their projects.
Board of directors and environmental practices: the effect of board experience, culture, and tenure
Authors: Gallego-Álvarez Isabel , Rodriguez-Dominguez Luis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study analyses whether board diversity in terms of gender and culture, as well as members’ experience and tenure, has a positive influence on the undertaking of environmental practices. The analysis was performed on a broad sample of international companies from 29 countries, on the basis of an index made up of 55 environmental activities. We designed a Tobit model in which the index of environmental practices is a function of several features of the board. The findings confirm that more diverse boards, with more experienced and long-tenured members, are more prone to the environmental commitment by promoting a broader range of environmental initiatives. The article provides new insights in terms of the influence of board diversity in culture, experience, and tenure. We extend previous literature by analysing these factors, whose effects have been less studied, rather than other drivers (such as board size and independence). Corporate governance mechanisms, and more specifically, the board of directors, may play an essential role in ensuring congruence among a firm’s actions, stakeholders’ demands, and societal expectations. The advantages derived from a wider knowledge base and diversity in the board lead to a pro-environmental vision on behalf of the company.
Alcohol Use Patterns Among Underage Autistic and Non-Autistic Youth
Authors: Holmes Laura Graham , Xuan Ziming , Quinn Emily , Caplan Reid , Sanchez Amelia , Wharmby Peter , Holingue Calliope , Levy Sharon , Rothman Emily F. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We explored factors predicting repeated or hazardous alcohol use among autistic and non-autistic U.S. youth ages 16 to 20 years.

Methods
Autistic (n = 94) and non-autistic (n = 92) youth completed an online survey. By design, half of each group reported past-year alcohol use. We compared drinking patterns for autistic and non-autistic youth, and within each group between abstinent or infrequent drinkers (0–1 drinking episodes in past year) versus those who drank 2 + times in past year.

Results
Autistic (vs. non-autistic) youth who drank did so less frequently and consumed fewer drinks per occasion. However, 15% of autistic youth who drank in the past year reported heavy episodic drinking and 9.3% screened positive for AUDIT-C hazardous drinking. For autistic youth only, a diagnosis of depression, bullying or exclusion histories were positively associated with drinking 2 + times in the past year. Autistic youth who put more effort into masking autistic traits were less likely to report drinking 2 + times in the past year. As compared to non-autistic youth, autistic participants were less likely to drink for social reasons, to conform, or to enhance experiences, but drank to cope at similar rates.

Conclusion
Repeated and hazardous underage alcohol occur among autistic youth. Targeted prevention programs designed to address the specific drinking profiles of autistic youth are needed.
The Earlier, the Better? An In-Depth Interview Study on the Ethics of Early Detection with Parents of Children at an Elevated Likelihood for Autism
Authors: Vanaken Gert-Jan , Noens Ilse , Steyaert Jean , van Esch Lotte , Warreyn Petra , Hens Kristien 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAutism is increasingly viewed as an expression of neurodiversity deserving accommodation, rather than merely as a disorder in need of remediation or even prevention. This reconceptualization has inspired calls to broaden the ethical debate on early autism care beyond matters of efficient screenings and effective interventions. We conducted 14 in-depth interviews with 26 parents of infants at an increased likelihood for autism (siblings, preterms and children with persistent feeding difficulties) to understand which benefits and risks these parents see for the implementation of a systematic, early autism detection program in our region. With this study, we aim to contribute empirically to the ethical debate on good and just early autism care in the age of neurodiversity. Data were analyzed according to the QUAGOL-methodology. Three main themes emerged from our analysis. In their evaluation of early autism detection, parents discussed how a diagnosis helps gain a different perspective fostering understanding and recognition for both child and parent. Second, a diagnosis supports parents in adjusting their parenting practices, to justify this deviation from “normal” parenting and to strive for such adjusted environments beyond the nuclear family. Third, an autism diagnosis induces ambiguities parents need to navigate, involving questions on whether and when to mobilize the diagnostic label and which language to use to talk about autism. We discuss the complex position of parents of a (potentially) autistic child in terms of moving back and forth across the ab/normal binary and describe implications for the ethical debate on early autism detection.
The Mechanism Underlying the Relationship Between Positive References to God and Sobriety in Alcoholics Anonymous in Poland
Authors: Wnuk Marcin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSpiritual struggles are common for religion-affiliated and non-affiliated individuals, religious skeptics, agnostics, and atheists. They gain particular importance for people under significant stress, such as those who are alcohol dependent. This study examined the role of positive religious coping and God’s support in the spiritual growth and recovery of alcohol-dependent individuals participating in Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). The study was cross-sectional. The participants were 115 alcohol-dependent individuals from Poland who were members of AA. A path analysis statistical method was used. The research emphasized the beneficial role of strong God’s support in the relationship between positive religious coping and spiritual growth, abstinence, and happiness. The mechanism underlying the relationship between positive religious coping, God’s support, spiritual growth, and recovery was confirmed. God’s support was a moderator in the relationship between positive religious coping and spiritual growth. In a group with stronger God’s support, positive religious coping was positively related to spiritual growth, which in turn was associated with a happy and alcohol-abstinent life for alcohol-dependent individuals participating in AA. Among individuals with weak God’s support, positive religious coping was not directly related to spiritual growth, nor was it indirectly related to recovery through spiritual growth. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
Investigation of Dispersion Kinetics of Particulate Lubricants and their Effect on the Mechanical Strength of MCC Tablets
Authors: Puckhaber Daniel , Kwade Arno , Finke Jan Henrik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Tablets are commonly produced by internally adding particulate lubricants, which are known to possibly lower the mechanical strength of tablets. This reduction is caused by the coverage of matrix forming components by lubricant particles, resulting in decreased interparticulate interactions. The known incompatibilities with some active compounds of the predominantly used lubricant, magnesium stearate, call for the in-depth characterization of alternative lubricants.

Purpose
Investigation of the dispersion behavior of five commonly applied pharmaceutical lubricants by mathematically modeling the dispersion kinetics for short and extended mixing times.

Methods
The dispersion behavior of five different pharmaceutical lubricants were examined by systematically varying lubricant concentration and mixing time of binary formulations and evaluating the kinetic of tensile strength reduction by theoretically estimating the surface coverage based on particle sizes.

Results
For short mixing times, a unifying relationship between compactibility reduction and theoretical surface coverage was identified. Subsequently, for extended mixing times, distinct differences in the shear strength and dispersion kinetics of the investigated lubricants were found.

Conclusions
The lubricant particle size controls the tensile strength reduction if short mixing times are applied. For extended mixing times, the investigated lubricants can be divided into two groups in terms of dispersion kinetics. Possible underlying reasons are discussed in detail in order to enhance the general understanding of lubricant dispersions in tablet formulations.
Perceptual consciousness and intensional transitive verbs
Authors: D’Ambrosio Justin , Stoljar Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is good reason to think that, in every case of perceptual consciousness, there is something of which we are conscious; but there is also good reason to think that, in some cases of perceptual consciousness—for instance, hallucinations—there is nothing of which we are conscious. This paper resolves this inconsistency—which we call the presentation problem—by (a) arguing that ‘conscious of’ and related expressions function as intensional transitive verbs and (b) defending a particular semantic approach to such verbs, on which they have readings that lack direct objects or themes. The paper further argues that this approach serves not only as a linguistic proposal about the semantics of ‘conscious of’, but also as a proposal about the metaphysics of conscious states.
Shallow-Water Habitat in the Lower Columbia River Estuary: A Highly Altered System
Authors: Templeton William J. , Jay David A. , Diefenderfer Heida L. , Talke Stefan A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDecreases in shallow-water habitat area (SWHA) in the Lower Columbia River and Estuary (LCRE) have adversely affected salmonid populations. We investigate the causes by hindcasting SWHA from 1928 to 2004, system-wide, based on daily higher high water (HHW) and system hypsometry. Physics-based regression models are used to represent HHW along the system as a function of river inflow, tides, and coastal processes, and hypsometry is used to estimate the associated SWHA. Scenario modeling is employed to attribute SWHA losses to levees, flow regulation, diversion, navigational development, and climate-induced hydrologic change, for subsidence scenarios of up to 2 m, and for 0.5 m fill. For zero subsidence, the system-wide annual-average loss of SWHA is 55 ± 5%, or 51 × 105 ha/year; levees have caused the largest decrease ($${54}_{-14}^{+5}$$54-14+5%, or ~ 50 × 105 ha/year). The loss in SWHA due to operation of the hydropower system is small, but spatially and seasonally variable. During the spring freshet critical to juvenile salmonids, the total SWHA loss was$${63}_{-3}^{+2}$$63-3+2%, with the hydropower system causing losses of 5–16% (depending on subsidence). Climate change and navigation have caused SWHA losses of$${5}_{-5}^{+16}$$5-5+16% and$${4}_{-6}^{+14}$$4-6+14%, respectively, but with high spatial variability; irrigation impacts have been small. Uncertain subsidence causes most of the uncertainty in estimates; the sum of the individual factors exceeds the total loss, because factors interact. Any factor that reduces mean or peak flows (reservoirs, diversion, and climate change) or alters tides and along-channel slope (navigation) becomes more impactful as assumed historical elevations are increased to account for subsidence, while levees matter less.
Calabi–Yau structures on (quasi-)bisymplectic algebras
Authors: Bozec Tristan , Calaque Damien , Scherotzke Sarah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We show that relative Calabi–Yau structures on noncommutative moment maps give rise to (quasi-)bisymplectic structures, as introduced by Crawley-Boevey–Etingof–Ginzburg (in the additive case) and Van den Bergh (in the multiplicative case). We prove along the way that the fusion process (a) corresponds to the composition of Calabi–Yau cospans with ‘pair-of-pants’ ones and (b) preserves the duality between non-degenerate double quasi-Poisson structures and quasi-bisymplectic structures.
As an application, we obtain that Van den Bergh’s Poisson structures on the moduli spaces of representations of deformed multiplicative preprojective algebras coincide with the ones induced by the

$2$

-Calabi–Yau structures on (dg-versions of) these algebras.
Nosocomial outbreak in a respiratory ward caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA 5.2.1 subvariant associated with non-severe illness in vaccinated patients
Authors: Gopal Rao Guduru , Jinjika Shamiso , James Dianne , Mukombe Nyarayi , Patel Bharat , Chietcheu Amelie , Macmanus Christine , Adeboyeku David , Davies Emma , Brown Benjamin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this short report, we describe an outbreak of COVID-19 caused by Omicron subvariant BA.5.2.1 in highly vaccinated patients in a respiratory ward in a large acute general hospital in North West London, United Kingdom. The attack rate was high (14/33 (42%)) but the clinical impact was relatively non-severe including in patients who were at high risk of severe COVID-19. Twelve of fourteen patients had COVID-19 vaccinations. There was only one death due to COVID-19 pneumonitis. The findings of this outbreak investigation suggest that while the transmissibility of Omicron BA.5.2.1 subvariant is high, infections caused by this strain are non-severe in vaccinated patients, even if they are at high risk of severe COVID-19 infection.