bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Released dsDNA‐triggered inflammasomes serve as intestinal radioprotective targets
Authors: Chen Long , Wang Ziwen , Wu Jie , Yao Quan , Peng Jingjing , Zhang Chi , Chen Hongdan , Li Yingjie , Jiang Zhongyong , Liu Yunsheng , Shi Chunmeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesIntestinal mucositis is the major side effect during abdominal or pelvic radiotherapy, but the underlying immunogen remains to be further characterised and few radioprotective agents are available. This study investigated the role of dsDNA‐triggered inflammasomes in intestinal mucositis during radiotherapy.MethodsPro‐inflammatory cytokines were detected by ELISA. Radiation‐induced intestinal injury in mice was analyzed by means of survival curves, body weight, HE staining of intestines, and intestinal barrier integrity. Western blot, immunofluorescence staining, co‐immunoprecipitation assay and flow cytometry were used to investigate the regulatory role of dsDNA on inflammasomes.ResultsHere, we show that a high level of IL‐1β and IL‐18 is associated with diarrhoea in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients during radiotherapy, which accounts for intestinal radiotoxicity. Subsequently, we found that the dose‐dependently released dsDNA from the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) serves as the potential immunogenic molecule for radiation‐induced intestinal mucositis. Our results further indicate that the released dsDNA transfers into the macrophages in an HMGB1/RAGE‐dependent manner and then triggers absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome activation and the IL‐1β and IL‐18 secretion. Finally, we show that the FDA‐approved disulfiram (DSF), a newly identified inflammasome inhibitor, could mitigate intestinal radiotoxicity by controlling inflammasome.ConclusionThese findings indicate that the extracellular self‐dsDNA released from the irradiated IECs is a potential immunogen to stimulate immune cells and trigger the subsequent intestinal mucositis, while blunting the dsDNA‐triggered inflammasome in macrophages may represent an exciting therapeutic strategy for side effects control during abdominal radiotherapy.
Effect of liquid‐based cytology fixing solution on immunocytochemistry: Efficacy of antigen retrieval in cytologic specimens
Authors: Sakabe Nanako , Maruyama Sayumi , Ito Chihiro , Shimoyama Yuka , Sudo Kazuhisa , Sato Shouichi , Ikeda Katsuhide 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmunocytochemistry (ICC) is an indispensable technique to improve diagnostic accuracy. ICC using liquid‐based cytology (LBC)‐fixed specimens has been reported. However, problems may arise if the samples are not fixed appropriately. We investigated the relationship between the LBC fixing solution and ICC and the usefulness of antigen retrieval (AR) in LBC specimens.MethodsSpecimens were prepared from five types of LBC‐fixed samples using cell lines and the SurePath™ method. ICC was performed using 13 antibodies and analyzed by counting the number of positive cells in the immunocytochemically stained specimens.ResultsInsufficient reactivity was observed using ICC without heat‐induced AR (HIAR) in nuclear antigens. The number of positive cells increased in ICC with HIAR. The percentage of positive cells was lower in CytoRich™ Blue samples for Ki‐67 and in CytoRich™ Red and TACAS™ Ruby samples for estrogen receptor and p63 than in the other samples. For cytoplasmic antigens, the percentage of positive cells for no‐HIAR treatment specimens was low in the three antibodies used. In cytokeratin 5/6, the number of positive cells increased in all LBC specimens with HIAR, and the percentage of positive cells in CytoRich™ Red and TACAS™ Ruby samples was significantly lower (p < .01). For cell membrane antigens, CytoRich™ Blue samples had a lower percentage of positive cells than the other LBC‐fixed samples.ConclusionThe combination of detected antigen, used cells, and fixing solution may have different effects on immunoreactivity. ICC using LBC specimens is a useful technique, but the staining conditions should be examined before performing ICC.
Sign‐indefinite linear quadratic differential game for stochastic systems via static output feedback strategy
Authors: Sagara Muneomi , Mukaidani Hiroaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSign‐indefinite linear quadratic differential game for stochastic systems by means of static output feedback (SOF) strategy is investigated. First, the saddle point equilibrium condition of external disturbance and control strategy is established based on stochastic cross‐coupled algebraic matrix equations (SCCAMEs). Second, the numerical algorithms for solving the SCCAMEs are discussed. In particular, the difference between the existing algorithm and the proposed one is addressed. In order to show the validity for the several algorithms, a modified practical numerical example is demonstrated. In particular, it is shown that the optimality for the cost functional cannot be attained via the existing algorithm. Furthermore, it is claimed that the new proposed algorithm by combining the numerical algorithm that consist of stochastic Ricatti and Lyapunov equations with the Newton method is useful and reliable because the setting of the initial condition is quite easy task and fast convergence is attained.
Drugs acting at TRPM7 channels inhibit seizure‐like activity
Authors: Khalil Aytakin , Shekh‐Ahmad Tawfeeq , Kovac Stjepana , Wykes Robert C. , Horgen F. David , Fleig Andrea , Walker Matthew C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTransient receptor potential cation subfamily M7 (TRPM7) channels are ion channels permeable to divalent cations. They are abundantly expressed with particularly high expression in the brain. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of TRPM7 channels in brain diseases such as stroke and traumatic brain injury, yet evidence for a role in seizures and epilepsy is lacking. Here, we show that carvacrol, a food additive that inhibits TRPM7 channels, and waixenicin A, a novel selective and potent TRPM7 inhibitor, completely suppressed seizure‐like activity in rodent hippocampal‐entorhinal brain slices exposed to pentylenetetrazole or low magnesium. These findings support inhibition of TRPM7 channels as a novel target for antiseizure medications.
Full‐scale shaking table test and numerical analysis of structural frames with SMA cable‐restrained base isolation
Authors: Fang Cheng , Liu Xiaotian , Wang Wei , Zheng Yue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRestrainer is a promising solution for deformation control of isolated systems. The present study comprehensively discusses the behavior, design and potential application of a novel superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) cable‐restrained laminated natural rubber (SMA‐LNR) bearing. The study commences with a brief introduction of the working principle, and then a quasi‐static test on an individual bearing specimen is presented. A full‐scale shaking table test is subsequently presented, followed by a comprehensive parametric study, leading to preliminary design recommendations. The quasi‐static test shows a two‐stage behavior exhibited by the individual SMA‐LNR bearing, that is, linear flexible behavior at small displacements and restraining stage beyond initial gap. Under dynamic excitations, the SMA cables swayed smoothly with the shear deformation of the bearings, and experienced fracture beyond the maximum considered earthquake (MCE). The restraining effect is strengthened with increasing number of SMA cables, but this is accompanied by an increase in the acceleration response of the superstructure. An earlier engagement of the SMA cables, that is, smaller initial gap, leads to decreases in the bearing deformation. The acceleration responses of the superstructure and the maximum cable strain are not very sensitive to the initial gap. Using an overly small number of SMA cables has limited beneficial effect on bearing deformation control, and may even increase the deformation under certain excitations; therefore, a lower‐bound restraining force offered by SMA cables should be given to ensure an unconditional positive bearing deformation control. Two normalized design parameters and their recommended values are finally proposed to facilitate practical design.
UF‐GPSR: Modified geographical routing protocol for flying ad‐hoc networks
Authors: Kumar Sudesh , Raw Ram Shringar , Bansal Abhishek , Singh Pawan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFlying Ad‐hoc Networks (FANETs) has recently gained significant exposure for their emerging military, civil, and commercial applications. In FANETs, all Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can communicate within a restricted wireless communication range without fixed infrastructure. However, the highly dynamic nature of UAVs imposes a significant issue in FANET's communications. Therefore, designing an effective routing strategy is always necessary for sustaining appropriate network performance in FANETs. This paper is interested in modifying Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) protocol named Utility Function based Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing (UF‐GPSR) protocol for FANETs. The proposed approach optimizes the greedy forwarding strategy by considering multiple vital parameters of UAVs: residual energy ratio, distance degree, movement direction, link risk degree, and speed, respectively. The proposed UF‐GPSR applies the utility function on these parameters to enhance the routing performance by selecting optimal next‐hop within the communication range. The effectiveness of the proposed work is mathematically evaluated and then simulated through the NS‐3.23 simulator. The experimental outcomes verify that the proposed routing approach enhances the packet delivery ratio and throughput while decreasing packet drop ratio and delay compared to the other routing approaches: GPSR and GPSR‐PPU.
GC‐MS, alpha‐amylase, and alpha‐glucosidase inhibition and molecular docking analysis of selected phytoconstituents of small wild date palm fruit (Phoenix pusilla)
Authors: Srinivasan Kumaraswamy , Altemimi Ammar B. , Narayanaswamy Radhakrishnan , Vasantha Srinivasan Prabhakaran , Najm Mazin A. A. , Mahna Nasser 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhoenix pusilla (Arecaceae), commonly known as “small wild date palm”, is regarded as one of the underutilized fruit crops in South India. Methanol extract of P. pusilla ripened fruits (PPRF) was analyzed for in vitro porcine pancreatic alpha‐amylase (PPAA) and rat small intestine alpha‐glucosidase (RIAG) inhibition activities, and through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis. The GC‐MS analysis showed the presence of 25 phytoconstituents from PPRF which was further assessed on the docking behavior of five targeted enzymes diabetes mellitus (DM) namely (i) human aldose reductase, (ii) protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, (iii) pancreatic alpha‐amylase, (iv) peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma, and (v) dipeptidyl peptidase IV by using the AutoDock Vina method. In addition to this physicochemical, bioactivity score, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analysis was performed using the Molinspiration and pkCSM free online servers. Methanolic extract of PPRF showed 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) at 69.86 and 72.60 μg/mL levels against PPAA and RIAG enzymes activities, respectively. Interestingly in the present study, GC‐MS analysis showed the presence of 25 phytoconstituents from PPRF. Physicochemical analysis of PPRF has exhibited that 13 ligands have complied well with Lipinski's Rule of Five (RoF). With regard to ADMET analysis, one ligand (9,12‐octadecadienoic acid [Z,Z]) has predicated to possess both the hepatotoxicity (HT) and skin sensitization (SS) effect. The docking studies showed that 1‐formyl‐2,5‐dimethoxy‐6,9,10‐trimethyl‐anthracene exhibited the maximum atomic contact energy (ACE) for all the five target enzymes of DM. Thus, the current study suggested that the methanolic extract of PPRF and its phytoconstituents could be considered as potent antidiabetic agents.
Pre‐eclampsia in low and middle‐income settings: What are the barriers to improving perinatal outcomes and evidence‐based recommendations?
Authors: Mayrink Jussara , Reis Zilma Silveira Nogueira 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo discuss the points that still challenge low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs) and strategies that have been studied to help them overcome these issues.MethodsNarrative review addressing 20 years of articles concerning pre‐eclampsia morbidity and mortality in LMICs. We summarized evidence‐based strategies to overcome the challenges in order to reduce the pre‐eclampsia impact on perinatal outcomes.ResultsPre‐eclampsia is the first or second leading cause in the ranking of avoidable causes of maternal death, and approximately 16% of all maternal deaths are attributable to eclampsia and pre‐eclampsia. Considering the social and economic contexts, it represents a major public health concern, and prevention and early detection of pre‐eclampsia seem to be a major challenge. Reducing maternal mortality related to hypertensive disturbances depends on public policies to manage these preventable conditions. Early and continuous recognition of signs of severity related to hypertensive disorders during pregnancy and childbirth, self‐monitoring of symptoms and blood pressure, as well as preventive approaches such as aspirin and calcium, and magnesium sulfate, are lifesaving procedures that have not yet reached a universal scale.ConclusionThis review provides a vision of relevant points to support pregnant women in overcoming the constraints to healthcare access in LMICs, and strategies that can be applied in primary prenatal care units.
Evaluation of adherence to antiretroviral medications in a supermarket‐based community pharmacy
Authors: Loi Allison , Tran Deanna , Seung Hyunuk , Kim Eric , Hein Krista 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionA critical aspect of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection management and prevention is adherence to antiretroviral (ARV) medications. There are limited recent studies focused on the impact of community pharmacy interventions on ARV adherence; previous studies were conducted between 2004 and 2012 with more complicated regimens.ObjectivesThe primary objective was to compare the adherence rates for ARV medications for both HIV treatment and prevention in patients using HIV‐focused (HIV‐F) pharmacies compared with traditional (non‐HIV focused) pharmacies in a supermarket‐based community pharmacy. The secondary objectives were to determine which factors impact adherence rates as well as the demographic information of patients using HIV‐F pharmacies.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of de‐identified pharmacy dispensing data for patients filling ARV medications from October 2018 to July 2021 at a Safeway pharmacy in the Washington D.C., Maryland, and Virginia (DMV) area. Patients 18 years and older who had fill records at a Safeway pharmacy in the DMV area of at least two 30‐day supplies of ARV medication were included. For all eligible patients, medication adherence was measured by assessing the proportion of days covered (PDC).ResultsOf the 1496 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 971 patients used an HIV‐F pharmacy. Overall, patients were predominantly male (78.9%) with a median age of 44 years. The median PDC score of HIV‐F pharmacies was higher than traditional pharmacies, but the difference was not statistically significant (97.1% vs. 96.6%, respectively, p = 0.2).ConclusionPatients using this regional division supermarket‐based community pharmacy have a high PDC score regardless of pharmacy type. Use of newer ARV agents may have facilitated patients' adherence and diminished the potential benefit of utilizing HIV‐F pharmacies. Pharmacies currently providing specialized patient care for ARV medications may need to re‐evaluate how best to promote medication adherence.
Blocking CCN2 Reduces Established Bone Loss Induced by Prolonged Intense Loading by Increasing Osteoblast Activity in Rats
Authors: Lambi Alex G , Harris Michele Y , Amin Mamta , Joiner Patrice G , Hilliard Brendan A , Assari Soroush , Popoff Steven N , Barbe Mary F 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTWe have an operant model of reaching and grasping in which detrimental bone remodeling is observed rather than beneficial adaptation when rats perform a high‐repetition, high‐force (HRHF) task long term. Here, adult female Sprague–Dawley rats performed an intense HRHF task for 18 weeks, which we have shown induces radial trabecular bone osteopenia. One cohort was euthanized at this point (to assay the bone changes post task; HRHF‐Untreated). Two other cohorts were placed on 6 weeks of rest while being simultaneously treated with either an anti‐CCN2 (FG‐3019, 40 mg/kg body weight, ip; twice per week; HRHF‐Rest/anti‐CCN2), or a control IgG (HRHF‐Rest/IgG), with the purpose of determining which might improve the trabecular bone decline. Results were compared with food‐restricted control rats (FRC). MicroCT analysis of distal metaphysis of radii showed decreased trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV) and thickness in HRHF‐Untreated rats compared with FRCs; responses improved with HRHF‐Rest/anti‐CCN2. Rest/IgG also improved trabecular thickness but not BV/TV. Histomorphometry showed that rest with either treatment improved osteoid volume and task‐induced increases in osteoclasts. Only the HRHF‐Rest/anti‐CCN2 treatment improved osteoblast numbers, osteoid width, mineralization, and bone formation rate compared with HRHF‐Untreated rats (as well as the latter three attributes compared with HRHF‐Rest/IgG rats). Serum ELISA results were in support, showing increased osteocalcin and decreased CTX‐1 in HRHF‐Rest/anti‐CCN2 rats compared with both HRHF‐Untreated and HRHF‐Rest/IgG rats. These results are highly encouraging for use of anti‐CCN2 for therapeutic treatment of bone loss, such as that induced by chronic overuse. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Trajectories of change among highly challenging patients in intensive long‐term psychoanalytic psychotherapy
Authors: Yonatan‐Leus Refael , Abargil Maayan , Shefler Gaby , Finkenberg Ron , Amir Ilan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to identify and describe trajectories of change in distress among highly challenging patients who had received long and intensive psychoanalytic psychotherapy.MethodsThe longitudinal version of the K‐means algorithm was applied to the outcome measures data of 74 patients treated in four public mental health centers. The patients were measured five times at 6‐month intervals for three outcome measures.ResultsFor the OQ45 and Symptom Checklist‐90, one trajectory was marked by a lower initial distress level. In this trajectory, the improvement occurred in the first half of the measurements, with a plateau thereafter. A second trajectory was characterized by higher initial severity and an improvement, mainly in the second part of the measurements. For the Beck Depression Inventory, one trajectory was marked by lower initial distress. In this group, the improvement occurred throughout the entire period. The remaining patients were characterized by higher initial distress and a decreased level of distress in the last part of treatment. They began to improve only during the third year of therapy.ConclusionThe response to treatment is not uniform in long‐term treatment for highly challenging patients. A significant number of patients require a longer period of therapy to ignite improvement.
Following the children of depressed parents from childhood to adult life: A focus on mood and anxiety disorders
Authors: Powell Victoria , Lennon Jessica , Bevan Jones Rhys , Stephens Alice , Weavers Bryony , Osborn David , Allardyce Judith , Potter Robert , Thapar Ajay , Collishaw Stephan , Thapar Anita , Heron Jon , Rice Frances 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundParental depression increases risk for anxiety and depression in offspring. The transition from adolescence to adulthood is a common risk period for onset of such disorders. However, relatively few studies have considered development of these disorders from childhood to adulthood including multiple assessments during this transition period.MethodOffspring of depressed parents aged 9–17 years at baseline were followed prospectively for 13 years (n = 337). Average length of follow‐up was 16 months between the first and second waves, 13 months between the second and third, and 8 years between the third and fourth. Current (3‐month) psychopathology was assessed at each wave using diagnostic interviews. We derived estimates of 3‐month prevalence, age at first diagnosis, course and comorbidity of disorders. Social functioning in adult life was assessed at the final wave and we assessed how prior and current disorder impacted adult functioning.ResultsA quarter of young people met criteria for a mood disorder and a third for anxiety disorder at least once. Mood and anxiety disorder prevalence increased from 4.5% and 15.8% respectively in childhood (9–11 years) to 22.3% and 20.9% respectively by age 23–28. Increased prevalence across the transition from adolescence to adulthood was particularly marked in males, while prevalence increased earlier in adolescence in females. Age at first diagnosis varied widely (mood disorder mean = 16.5 years (range 9–26); anxiety disorder mean = 14.5 years (range 9–28)). Over half (52%) reported functional impairment in early adulthood, 31% harmful alcohol use, and 10% self‐harm or a suicide attempt. Both previous and current mood or anxiety disorder were associated with functional impairment in early adulthood.ConclusionsThere is a prolonged risk period for mood and anxiety disorders in this group, with prevalence peaking in early adulthood. This highlights the need for prolonged vigilance and effective targeted interventions in the offspring of depressed parents.