bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydroclimatic trends, breakpoints and future projection analysis of the Ogun River Basin in West Africa
Authors: Ojelabi Oluwatoyin , Hounkpè Jean , Oluwasemire Kolapo Olatunji , Lawin Agnidé Emmanuel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Trend analysis is important to understand the performance and features of hydrological variables over a long-time scale. This study analyses the hydroclimatic trends in precipitation, temperature (minimum and maximum) data from seven synoptic stations and river discharge from three outlets that were investigated between 1984–2019 and projected between 2020–2060 over the Ogun River Basin. The results of the trend analysis showed a non-significant positive trend in precipitation and a significant positive trend (p,0.05 and p,0.01 significant trends) in maximum and minimum temperatures. The discharge reveals a non-significant positive trend on the annual scale while a significant decreasing trend in the dry season. The annual rainfall projection is expected to increase by 1.3% under RCP 2.6 and 1.4% under RCP 8.5 by 2060. The mean annual temperature is expected to increase between 1.5-2.5 °C under RCP 2.6 and 2-3.5 °C under RCP 8.5 by 2060, respectively. The variations in discharge without significant changes in rainfall suggested other variables were influencing the discharge. These could be changes in river basin physical elements such as alterations in the dynamics of land use land cover changes. The findings of this study can be used for strategizing adaptation and mitigation measures for water resources management.
3D numerical simulation of the separation zone at the channel–pipe junction
Authors: Sun Bin , Feng Linqin , Li Zhiwei , Song Zhanqi , Li Cheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

At the confluence zone, the separation zone affects the flow, pollutant transport, and damages the bed and sidewalls of the channel. In this research, the geometric characteristics of the separation zone and the tailwater effect at the 90° channel–pipe junction are investigated using experiments and numerical simulations. These characteristics are different from the previous study in the channel or river junctions. (1) The separation zone is not attached to the sidewall of the channel. The shape of the separation zone is close to an ellipse but there is depression at the inside of the separation zone. (2) There is a pair of helical cells with opposite flow directions near the sidewall, which affects the shape of the separation zone and results in the differences. (3) The volume of the separation zone is proportional to the discharge ratio and the water-surface height. Furthermore, it's found that the momentum ratio is the basic reason affecting the volume of the separation zone. (4) The tailwater effect is affected by the discharge ratio and the water-surface height. And there is a significant positive correlation between the volume of separation zone and tailwater effect.
Epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury in Abu-Dhabi, UAE
Authors: Alqaydi Khalifa , Ghazanfar Omar , Madhi Amal , Avila Norman , Fares Saleh 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Trauma is a leading cause of death around the world, and patients who suffer traumatic brain injuries (TBI) have a worse prognosis and are at a higher probability of death compared to other trauma patients. The sheer burden of TBI on personal, social, and economic aspects of life is daunting. However, the available updated literature for UAE documenting the characteristics of TBI comprehensively is lacking. Hence, this study was conducted to understand the extent of TBI in order to encourage new policies and regulations, enhance existing programs or start new initiatives to reduce associated morbidities and mortalities.

Methods:
Our study involved a sample of 998 entries extracted from the Abu-Dhabi trauma registry between December 2018 and December 2020. Patients with TBI who died on arrival or were hospitalized for more than 24 hours were included in the study.

Results:
A total of 80% of our patients were males aged 40 years or below. The most common causes of head trauma were motor vehicle accidents and fall from heights. Most patients spent 10 days or less in the hospital. Patients who developed a disability after the injury were about 5%. The percentage of patients who led to death in our sample was 6 percent.

Conclusion:
Most TBIs are preventable through targeted public education and awareness programs where the target population is educated and aware of the safety precautions while driving, biking, doing blue-collar jobs, or hiking. Enforcing rules for traffic and labor safety also has another major preventative rule.
Antiviral Compounds to Address Influenza Pandemics: An Update
from 2016-2022
Authors: Romeo Roberto , Legnani Laura , Chiacchio Maria Assunta , Giofrè Salvatore V. , Iannazzo Daniela 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
In recent decades, the world has gained experience of the dangerous effects of
pandemic events caused by emerging respiratory viruses. In particular, annual epidemics
of influenza are responsible for severe illness and deaths. Even if conventional influenza
vaccines represent the most effective tool for preventing virus infections, they are not
completely effective in patients with severe chronic disease and immunocompromised and
new small molecules have emerged to prevent and control the influenza viruses. Thus, the
attention of chemists is continuously focused on the synthesis of new antiviral drugs able
to interact with the different molecular targets involved in the virus replication cycle. To
date, different classes of influenza viruses inhibitors able to target neuraminidase enzyme,
hemagglutinin protein, Matrix-2 (M2) protein ion channel, nucleoprotein or RNAdependent
RNA polymerase have been synthesized using several synthetic strategies
comprising the chemical modification of currently used drugs. The best results, in terms
of inhibitory activity, are in the nanomolar range and have been obtained from the chemical
modification of clinically used drugs such as Peramivir, Zanamivir, Oseltamir,
Rimantadine, as well as sialylated molecules, and hydroxypyridinone derivatives. The aim
of this review is to report, covering the period 2016-2022, the most recent routes related to
the synthesis of effective influenza virus inhibitors.
Pharmacological activities of turmerones
Authors: Niknejad Amirhossein , Hosseini Yasamin , Najafi Arab Zahra , Razavi Seyed Mehrad , Momtaz Saeideh , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Majeed Muhammed , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Abdolghaffari Amir Hossein , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Turmerones are major bioactive compounds of Curcuma species with several beneficial pharmacological activities. In addition, various in vivo and in vitro studies noted that turmerones could affect different cytokines, metabolic pathways, and targets. Turmerones will have the potential to be a candidate agent to lessen many pathological and immunological conditions as a result of these pharmacological activities. In this review, we provided information about the pharmacological actions of turmerones using search engines such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science.
The Design and Applications of 1,8-naphthalimide-poly(amidoamine) Dendritic
Platforms
Authors: Luo Fangfang , Luo Xin , Wang Le , Qu Yi , Yin Xue-Bo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) is easily prepared with ethylenediamine as the
precursor to form a dendritic structure with a size of 1.4 -11.4 nm from generation 1 to
10. The terminal amino groups of PAMAM could be grafted active species, such as
1,8-naphthalimide (NI) or its derivatives, to integrate their photophysical properties
into PAMAM as NI-PAMAM. With/without metals, the new dendritic platforms can be
found for different applications, including but not limited to sensing, imaging, antibacterial,
anticancer, and liquid crystal and battery matrix. By controlling the different
generations of dendrimers, the precise size less than 10 nm can be realized. In this review,
we a) provide an overview of the 1,8-naphthalimide-poly(amidoamine) dendritic platforms and b) prospect
that functionalized dendrimers (high algebra) could act as “nanoparticles” with the precise size to bridge the gap
between functional molecules and real nanoparticles.
Lncrna CASC15 Activated By TCF12 Promote Colorectal Cancer
Progression via EMT
Authors: Yan Shuai , Yuan Ming , Yang Xichen , Huang Xianting , Wu Dan , Wang Nanyao , Sun Xia , Qin Ya , Fei Yanhua , Zhao Zhenguo , Wang Qiong 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal malignancies.
LncRNA CASC15 has also been found to play a vital role in malignant tumors.

Objective:
Our objective is to explore the role of CASC15 in colorectal cancer and its regulation of
EMT and to clarify the reasons for its up-regulated expression in CRC.

Methods:
Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the expression of CASC15 in
CRC. The biology function of CASC15 on CRC was assessed by in vitro experiments, including
CCK8, colony formation, transwell assays and flow cytometry. Luciferase reporter assays were
used to confirm the regulation between TCF12 and CASC15. Quantitative real-time PCR and
western blot analysis were used to evaluate the biomarkers associated with epithelial-mesenchymal
transition (EMT).

Results:
We found that CASC15 was remarkably upregulated in CRC and positively correlated
with poorer relapse-free survival. CASC15 knockdown significantly suppressed the proliferation
and migration of CRC. Furthermore, CASC15 downregulation mediated apoptosis of CRC. Mechanistically,
TCF12 activates CASC15 transcription to mediate its up-regulation, which activates
EMT and promotes CRC progression.

Conclusion:
Our study identified TCF12/CASC15/EMT as a new regulatory signal axis of CRC.
CASC15 may be a new molecular marker and target for CRC.
Synthesis and In Silico Studies of Quinazolinones as PARP-1 Inhibitors
Authors: Guleria Maneesh , Kumar Adarsh , Singh Ankit Kumar , Kumar Pradeep 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Cancer is a leading threat to humankind, accounting for nearly one million
deaths in 2018, and the expected number of cancer-related deaths in 2040 is more than 16 million.
The most common causes of cancer deaths are lung, colorectal, stomach, liver and breast cancer,
while the highest number of new cancer cases belong to lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, stomach
and liver cancer.

Introduction:
PARP-1 is an enzyme that plays an important role in DNA repair, cell propagation/survival
and death due to its influence on numerous biological processes. Quinazolinones represent an important
scaffold in medicinal chemistry and have a broad spectrum of biological activities.

Methods:
In this study, we have synthesized quinazolinones by reaction of 2-aminobenzamide and
substituted aldehydes. Molecular docking studies of synthesized compounds were performed for
their PARP-1 binding affinities using Schrodinger 2016 software. In silico ADME studies were also
performed for the synthesized compounds using the QikProp tool of Schrodinger software.

Results:
Results of molecular docking studies indicated that synthesized quinazolinones had a
good affinity towards active site of PARP-1 and compound 4 had the best docking score (-10.343).
Results of ADME studies indicated the drug-like properties of synthesized compounds, which
make them suitable drug candidates.

Conclusion:
All the synthesized compounds have a better docking score than niraparib (-9.05).
Further, the synthesized compounds have a favorable ADME profile. Therefore, they may serve as
important leads in discovering PARP-1 inhibitors.
Concomitant Expression of CD39, CD69, and CD103 Identifies Antitumor
CD8+ T Cells in Breast Cancer Implications for Adoptive Cell Therapy
Authors: Lama Grace Ivonne Gattas , Noél Gregory , Márquez Francisco Carlos  López , Galarza Faviel Francisco  González , Hinojosa Adria Imelda Prieto , Rivera Lydia Enith Nava , Willard-Gallo Karen , Astorga Jesús Rafael Arguëllo 
Published: September 2023

Background:
In cancer, an effective immune response involves the action of several
different cell types, among which CD8 T cells play a major role as they can specifically recognize
and kill cancer cells via the release of cytotoxic molecules and cytokines, being of major importance
for adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of ex vivo expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes
(TILs). The inflammation resulting from the tumor growth attracts both activated and bystander T
cells. For an effective antitumor response, the T cell must express a specific group of chemokine
receptors and integrins which include CD103, CD39, CD69, and CD25. These markers had already
been analyzed in various cancers, not including breast cancer and their subsequent subtypes,
until now. To analyze, the key receptors on ex vivo expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in
luminal A and luminal B breast cancer (BC) subtypes.

Materials and Methods:
We were successful in expanding TILs ex vivo using a standard TIL culture
condition from a cohort study of 15 primary luminal A and luminal B breast cancer patients.
Furthermore, we examined the expression of CD103, CD39, CD69, and CD25 biomarkers after
the expansion by flow cytometry.

Results:
We found that the information about the percentage of TILs obtainable after the ex vivo
expansion is not associated to nor it is dependent on the heterogeneity of the TIL population before
the expansion and does not differ by the molecular subtype (p>0.05). We also found that there
is a major population of memory-resident antitumor CD8+CD103+CD39+ and CD8+CD103+
CD69+ TILs present in the stroma after the expansion when compared to CD4 immunosubtypes
(p< 0.0001). Only the CD8+CD103+CD39+ subpopulation was related to BC subtype (0.0009).

Conclusion:
Evidence from our study suggests that CD8 TILs present in the stroma of luminal A
and luminal B breast cancer patients can be quantified and phenotyped by flow cytometry and be
further expanded ex vivo. The immuno-phenotyping of these markers may be targeted to improve
the success of immunotherapeutic approaches, such as adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) in patients
with BC.
Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Mediated Drug Delivery to Posterior
Segment of Eye and their In-vivo Successes
Authors: Singh Amit Kumar , Kumar Manish , Upadhyay Prabhat Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The disease of the posterior segment of the eye is a major concern
worldwide, and it affects more than 300 million people and leads to serious visual deterioration.
The current treatment available is invasive and leads to serious eye complications. These shortcomings
and patient discomfort lead to poor patient compliance. In the last decade, Nanostructured
lipid carriers (NLC) have established a remarkable milestone in the delivery of drug substances to
the posterior segment of the eye. Additionally, NLC can reduce the clearance due to adhesive
properties which are imparted due to nano-metric size. This attribute might reduce the adverse
effects associated with intravitreal therapy and thus enhance therapeutic efficacy, eventually raising
patient adherence to therapy. The current review provides an inclusive account of NLC as a
carrier to target diseases of the posterior segment of the eye.

Objective:
The review focuses on the various barrier encountered in the delivery of drugs to the
posterior segment of the eye and the detail about the physicochemical property of drug substances
that are considered to be suitable candidates for encapsulation to lipid carriers. Therefore, a plethora
of literature has been included in this review. The review is an attempt to describe methods
adopted for assessing the in-vivo behavior that strengthens the potential of NLC to treat the disease
of the posterior segment of the eye.

Conclusion:
These NLC-based systems have proven to be a promising alternative in place of invasive
intravitreal injections with improved patient compliance.
Green Synthetic Strategies and Pharmaceutical Applications of Thiazine and its Derivatives: An Updated Review
Authors: Ratan Yashumati , Rajput Aishwarya , Pareek Ashutosh , Jain Vivek , Pareek Aaushi , Gupta Madan Mohan , Kamal Mohammad Amjad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Thiazines are a sizable class of organic heterocycles that are notable for their skeletal
versatility and relative chemical simplicity, making them among the most flexible sources of biologically
active compounds. The term "green synthesis" refers to implementing energy-efficient
procedures for the nature-friendly production of materials and chemicals using green solvents,
catalysts, and suitable reaction conditions. Considering the importance of green chemistry and the
outstanding therapeutic profile of thiazines, the present work was designed to review the recent
advances in green chemistry-based synthetic strategies of thiazine and its derivatives. The green
synthetic approaches, including microwave-assisted, ultrasound-assisted, and various other synthetic
methods for thiazine and its derivatives, were discussed and generalized. In addition, applications
of thiazine and its derivatives in pharmaceutical sciences were explained with examples of
marketed drugs.The discussed sustainable synthetic methods for thiazines and their derivatives
could be useful in developing other medicinally important lead molecules. They could also aid in
developing new synthetic schemes and apparatuses that may simplify chemical manufacturing
processes and enable novel reactions with minimal by-products while questing for optimal, green
solvents. This review can help anyone interested in this fascinating class of heterocycles to make
decisions about selecting targets and tasks for future research.
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Trajectories of Dependence and Cognition
in a Sample of Community-dwelling Older Adults with Dementia
Authors: Kociolek Anton J. , Fernandez Kayri K. , Hernandez Michelle , Jin Zhezhen , Cosentino Stephanie , Zhu Carolyn W. , Gu Yian , Devanand Davangere P. , Stern Yaakov 
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives:
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS), including psychotic symptoms (hallucinations, illusions, delusions), agitation/aggression, and depressed mood, are common in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and predict poorer outcomes, including faster disease progression. We aimed to evaluate associations between NPS and cognition and dependence in a multi-ethnic sample of community-dwelling older adults with AD.

Methods:
Predictors 3 (P3) is a cohort study of AD disease courses recruiting older adults aged 65 and above residing in upper Manhattan. A total of 138 of 293 participants had probable AD at the study baseline. We fit linear mixed models to examine longitudinal associations of time-varying NPS (psychotic symptoms, agitation/aggression, and depressed mood) with dependence and cognition, adjusted for race-ethnicity, sex, education, age, clinical dementia rating score, APOE-ϵ4, and comorbidity burden; separate interaction models were fit for age, Hispanic ethnicity, and sex.

Results:
Psychotic symptoms were associated with faster rates of increasing dependence and declining cognition over time, agitation/aggression with faster rates of declining cognition, and depressed mood with faster rates of increasing dependence. Among psychotic symptoms, delusions, but not hallucinations or illusions, were associated with worse outcome trajectories. Depressed mood predicted an accelerated increase in dependence in males but not females.

Conclusion:
Our results confirm and extend prior results in clinic-based samples. The presence of NPS was associated with worse trajectories of dependence and cognition in this muti-ethnic sample of older adults with AD. Importantly, sex modified the association between depressed mood and dependence. Our results on NPS as predictors of differential AD progression in a community-dwelling, ethnically diverse sample serve to better inform the clinical care of patients and the future development of AD therapies
An Exploration of Some Predictors of Quality of Life-Related to the Innate
Immune System, Inflammation, and Disease Activity in Patients with
Behcet's Syndrome: An Analytical Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Faghfouri Amir Hossein , Shoura Seyyed Morteza Seyyed , Papi Shahab , Khabbazi Alireza , Baradaran Behzad , Badpeyma Mohaddeseh , Faghfuri Elnaz 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Behçet's disease (BD) has a growing prevalence in Silk Road countries. The aim of our cross-sectional study was to explore the clinical and molecular predictors of quality of life in BD patients.

Material and Methods:
One hundred and fifty consecutive Iranian BD patients with an age range between 20-50 years were included. The Leeds Behçet's disease quality of life (BDQoL) in Persian form was fulfilled to evaluate the quality of life. Anthropometric measurements were carried out us-ing the calibrated scales. Iranian Behcet's Disease Dynamic Activity Measure (IBDDAM), Behcet's disease current activity form (BDCAF), and Total Inflammatory Activity Index (TIAI) were used to assess BD activity. mRNA expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and TLR4) and tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels in serum were measured by real-time polymerase chain reac-tion (PCR) and ELISA, respectively. Multiple linear backward regression at P = 0.1 was used to study the potential predictors of quality of life.

Results:
TLR2 and BDCAF were shown to be the most important predictors of quality of life in BD patients by 22%. There were positive associations between them (β = 0.326, p = 0.013 for BDCAF; β = 0.366, p = 0.006 for TLR2) and BDQoL value.

Conclusion:
Higher TLR2 expression as a key protein in recognizing pathogens by innate immunity and BDCAF value as a comprehensive BD assessing scale contribute to poor quality of life among BD patients. Emphasizing therapeutically, approaches associated with lower TLR2 expression and BDCAF value can be considered in future studies.
The Pharmacological Potential of Resveratrol in Reducing Soft Tissue
Damage in Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Gupta Jeetendra Kumar , Kumar Shivendra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that causes the cartilage and bone underneath
the joint to break down. This causes pain and stiffness. Resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound
found in various vegetables, fruits, and red wine, has been studied for its beneficial effects
on osteoarthritis. Resveratrol has been shown to target a variety of pathways, including the NF-κB,
PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK, and AMPK pathways. In particular, resveratrol has been studied for its potential
use in treating osteoarthritis, and it has been shown to reduce inflammation, reduce cartilage
degradation, and improve joint function. In this review, we discuss the evidence for the pharmacological
use of resveratrol in minimizing soft tissue damage associated with osteoarthritis. We summarize
the studies on how resveratrol has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects,
as well as effects on cartilage degradation, osteoblast and synoviocyte proliferation, and cytokine
production. We also discuss the possible mechanisms of action of resveratrol in osteoarthritis
and its potential as a therapeutic agent. Finally, we discuss the potential risks and adverse effects
of long-term resveratrol supplementation. Overall, resveratrol has been found to be a possible
treatment for osteoarthritis because of its anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties,
and its ability to control the production of enzymes that break down cartilage, osteoblasts, and
synoviocytes. Although numerous clinical studies have demonstrated resveratrol's efficacy as an osteoarthritis
management agent, further long-term studies are needed to better understand the safety
and potential benefits of using resveratrol for osteoarthritis management.