bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air Quality Assessment of Uttarakhand (India) Using Satellite Data and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Chandra Divyanshu , Verma Govind , Anand Navtej , Prasad Subodh , Pradey Binay Kumar , Goswami Shikha 
Published: January 2023

Degrading Air Quality is a major concern for all species on this planet. Over the years, it is seen that air quality is constantly degrading mainly because of the reasons such as industrialisation, deforestation, and green-house effect. Main parameters to be considered for the Air Quality are the Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Ozone (O3) and Aerosols. A study of these parameters changing over time is necessary so to keep a check on the degrading air quality.
In this study, the data of Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Ozone (O3) and Aerosols are taken for the past 5 years i.e. 2018 to 2022 and their time series is extracted thereafter a test on stationarity is done so as to know whether these series are stationary or not. Two machine learning models namely Holt winter’s Smoothing and FbProphet is applied to predict the value adjacent to the original value and a error metric is comparison is done to find out which model is best suited for forecasting these Air Quality parameters.
Experimental Analysis of the Mechanics of Sport Climbing Falls
Authors: F. Schad Nico , F. Schad Yannick , Garret Chip , Voris Alex , Schad Heike , Schad Rainer 
Published: January 2023

Rock climbing falls can be safely stopped and are often a routine part of the sport. However, safety may be compromised not only by equipment failure but also due to the climbers’ misjudgment of the situation. Current literature and other resources are either based on laboratory experiments or lacking specific and systematic measurements of the relevant parameters of lead climber falls. Only one recent theoretical paper describes the physics of lead climber falls under realistic conditions. To provide research-based safety guidance for the climber community systematic studies of various scenarios are needed.
In this study experimental data were collected and analyzed from lead climber falls on an actual climbing route, recording all positions prior to and after the fall as well as climber and belayer acceleration data. The data reveal the actual fall height, the forces acting on belayer and climber and the dissipation mechanisms of the fall energy. Two test series were performed, varying the fall height or the belayer mass, respectively. Substantially longer total fall heights are found, in particular for lighter belayers, even for relatively short falls. The major mechanisms to dissipate the energy are the energy losses when accelerating the belayer of the ground and the friction force in the loaded carabiner. The study concludes with recommendations for best practice under various conditions for a safe climbing experience.
Imparting Metal Oxides with High Sensitivity Toward Light‐Activated NO2 Detection Via Tailored Interfacial Chemistry
Authors: Park Seyeon , Jeon SungHyun , Kim Honghui , Philips James , Oh DongHwan , Ahn Jaewan , Kim Minhyun , Park Chungseong , Hong Seungbum , Kim Jihan , Jung WooChul , Kim Il‐Doo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractActivation of metal oxides by light is a robust yet facile approach to manipulating their surface chemistry for favorable reactions with target molecules in heterogeneous catalysis and gas sensors. However, a limited understanding of interface chemistry and the involved mechanism impedes the development of a rational design of oxide interfaces for light‐activated gas sensing. Herein, the TiOx‐assisted photosensitization of In2O3 toward NO2 sensing is investigated as a case study to elucidate the detailed mechanism of light‐activated surface chemistry at the metal/gas interface. The resultant heterogeneous oxides exhibit outstanding NO2 sensing performance under light irradiation thanks to abundant photoexcited electrons and holes that serve as adsorption and desorption sites, respectively, to accelerate both surface reactions. Furthermore, the facile transfer of electrons and holes across the TiOx‐In2O3 interface contributes to improving the reversibility of sensing kinetics. Through this study, the mechanistic understanding is established of how the surface chemistry of metal oxide surfaces can be tuned by light activation providing an effective route to the design fabrication of high‐performance gas sensors.
Quantitative Characterization of Impact‐Induced Energy Harvesting: A Case Study on Stretchable Piezoelectric Thin Films on Different Substrates
Authors: Faudou Joseph , Ramos Raphaël , Benwadih Mohammed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPiezoelectric materials represent a great alternative to power small electronic devices with a lower environmental impact than conventional power sources. Despite significant progress on the subject, most studies focus on energy harvesting from vibrating systems. Other publications focus on the design of the piezoelectric devices, but they are hardly comparable in terms of the amount of energy collected. In this paper a new method is presented to quantitatively characterize piezoelectric energy harvesters under a single mechanical impact using a custom Charpy‐like test bench. The method is illustrated by studying screen‐printed piezoelectric thin films of poly(vinylidenefluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) P(VDF‐TrFE), with different substrates acting as mechanical support. Devices printed on stretchable substrates allowing large deformation lead to overall better energy harvesting performance. However it is also demonstrated that the nature of the substrate influences the material properties of the piezoelectric film despite identical fabrication process.
Biofabrication of Poly(aryletherketone)‐Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds via Low‐Temperature Printing
Authors: Gao Xinshuai , Wang Honghua , Luan Shifang , Zhou Guangyuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInorganic nanoparticles doped into polymer can improve osteogenesis through structural and biological cues. However, the composite implants may be unsatisfactory partly due to the high surface energy of nanoparticles contributing to aggregation and inhomogeneity, resulting in impaired properties. Herein, poly(aryletherketone) bearing carboxyl groups (PAEK‐COOH) is synthesized, and fabricated to composites with nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) via chemical binding. The composites can be formulated to homogeneous and stable bioinks in solution, and the bioinks are fabricated to porous scaffolds via low‐temperature printing, avoiding high‐temperature damage to chemical integrations and bioactive factors. The composite scaffolds present uniform distribution of elements on the surface and mechanical properties are well‐matched with those of trabecular bone. The in vitro experiments show that the addition of nHA is conducive to promote cellular proliferation and induce osteogenic differentiation of cells. Therefore, this work develops a method to prepare uniform composites, and the composite scaffolds have the potential to be used in orthopedic applications.
Influence of broiler litter band positioning on cotton growth and yield in a Blackland Prairie soil
Authors: Watts Dexter B. , Way Thomas R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSubsurface band application of broiler litter in soil is being evaluated across the United States as a potential management practice for curbing phosphorus loss and improving nutrient retention. This management practice also shows promise for increasing yields of row crop systems. Determining the optimum plant distance from the subsurface banded broiler litter (BL) could be useful to optimize crop yields. Thus, a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) experiment was established to investigate the distance of a subsurface BL band from the planted row on cotton growth and yield. Treatments consisted of subsurface banding BL at 0, 10, 20, 30 cm from the crop row plus a non‐fertilized check, broadcast BL, and banding of urea‐ammonium nitrate (UAN) at 20 cm to the side of rows as controls. Subsurface band placement of BL and UAN occurred just prior to sowing at a depth of 10 cm. Placing BL in subsurface bands tended to increase cotton yield compared to surface broadcasting the litter. When comparing BL band positions, cotton lint yield was generally greatest when BL was placed in subsurface bands 20 cm or less from the planted row. Minimal differences in cotton fiber quality were observed among treatments. Results suggest the reduced distance between the cotton row and a subsurface BL band can increase cotton growth and yield.
Intermolecular through‐space charge transfer enabled by bicomponent assembly for ultrasensitive detection of synthetic cannabinoid JWH‐018
Authors: Liu Chaogan , Xiao Fangfang , Li Yushu , Lei Da , Liu Yuan , Ma Xiaowei , Gu Chengzhi , Dou Xincun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLaunching the intermolecular through‐space charge transfer (TSCT) from a bicomponent assembly for photophysical property manipulation is of great significance in fluorescence probe design. Here, we demonstrate the elaborate control of droplet evaporation dynamics for intermolecular TSCT can facilitate the ultrasensitive detection of JWH‐018, a representative synthetic cannabinoid. Driven by diverse intermolecular interactions, the probe, and JWH‐018 assemble in a closely stacked manner to emit strong fluorescence at 477 nm, ascribing to the intermolecular TSCT at the S2 state. The strategy realizes an ultra‐low limit of detection of 11 nmol/mL and great selectivity towards JWH‐018. The practicability is further verified by constructing a sensing chip for JWH‐018 aerosol detection, which facilitates the on‐site drug abuser screening with the naked eye. Moreover, the proposed assembly‐enabled TSCT is expected to find a variety of applications for optoelectronic materials design and photophysical mechanism‐dominated molecular recognition.
Reaffirming the Loma Mountains National Park in Sierra Leone as a critical site for the conservation of West African chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes verus)
Authors: Molina‐Vacas Guillem , Muñoz‐Mas Rafael , Amarasekaran Bala , Garriga Rosa M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe population of West African chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) is declining rapidly mostly due to the impact of human activities and habitat loss. Sierra Leone harbors the third largest population of this subspecies, recently reclassified as Critically Endangered in the 2016 IUCN Red List. Population monitoring provides crucial data for planning and evaluating conservation and management policies. Therefore, to assess the status of the population size inhabiting the Loma Mountains National Park (LMNP) in Sierra Leone, we performed a nest count survey and estimated chimpanzee density and abundance using distance sampling. In total, 34 × 2‐km‐line transects were surveyed, with transects being systematically distributed across the LMNP area (288.5 km2). Concurrently, we compiled environmental data, which were used to model nest distribution and infer the most relevant environmental and anthropogenic drivers of the observed nest abundances. We encountered 10.03 nests/km and estimated a density of 3.47 ± standard error (SE) 0.92 individuals/km2(i.e., 1002 ± SE 266 individuals in total). Compared to the figures obtained from a systematic literature review, our results suggest that the density and abundance of chimpanzees in the LMNP is among the highest across Africa. Contrary to expectation, no specific anthropogenic features predicted nest distribution and abundance. However, the nest distribution model indicated preference for elevated and steep areas covered by closed evergreen forest, which could be an indication of human avoidance. Based on these results, we highlight the value of LMNP for the conservation of the chimpanzees in Sierra Leone and the urgent necessity of guarantying long‐term funding for this park's management to ensure the survival of this critically endangered subspecies in West Africa.
Re‐evaluating the correlated evolution of human hands and feet using viability selection modeling
Authors: Rolian Campbell 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesBipedalism and enhanced manipulative abilities are defining features of the hominin lineage, associated with derived foot and hand skeletal morphology, respectively. These unique morphologies are traditionally thought to have evolved independently, but previous work suggests that some aspects of hand and foot skeletal morphology coevolved, due to strong phenotypic correlations among serially homologous elements.Materials and MethodsHere, I further tested this hypothesis using viability selection modeling, which simulates phenotypic evolution based on the likelihood of individual survival, determined using individuals' distance to a predetermined adaptive peak, in this case modern Homo. Using chimpanzees (Pan) as a proxy for hominin ancestral hand and foot morphology, I quantified morphological changes in the hand when only homologous foot elements were targets of selection, as well as the reverse scenario in which only hand morphology influences viability.ResultsSimulation results show that in both scenarios, one autopod evolves as correlated response to selection acting on the other. Importantly, however, simulation outcomes show that the adaptive evolution of the uniquely derived human foot can indirectly produce Homo‐like manual proportions, but the reverse is not true: adaptive evolution of an African ape‐like hand is not sufficient to produce a Homo‐like human foot.DiscussionThese simulations thus lend further empirical support to the hypothesis that human hands and feet coevolved, and indicate that selection acting on the foot may have produced derived hand morphology that facilitated the evolution of enhanced manipulative behaviors.
Ring Expansion Strategies for the Synthesis of Medium Sized Ring and Macrocyclic Sulfonamides
Authors: Yang Zhongzhen , Zalessky Illya , Epton Ryan G. , Whitwood Adrian C. , Lynam Jason M. , Unsworth William P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTwo new ring expansion strategies are reported for the synthesis of medium sized ring and macrocyclic sulfonamides. Both methods can be performed without using classical protecting groups, with the key ring expansion step initiated by nitro reduction and amine conjugate addition respectively. Each method can be used to make diversely functionalised cyclic sulfonamides in good to excellent yields, in a range of ring sizes. The ring size dependency of the synthetic reactions is in good agreement with the outcomes modelled by Density Functional Theory calculations.
Neurorobotics and neuroprostheses: Towards a new anatomy
Authors: Barroso Filipe Oliveira , Torricelli Diego , Moreno Juan C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe idea of this Special Issue arose from the technological advances in bionic, robotic, and neural rehabilitation systems and the common need to comprehend in detail how human anatomical structures can be replicated or controlled. Motor control theories, among others, include the generalized control program theory, the equilibrium point hypothesis, or the optimal control approach in which neural commands to the muscles are a result of the central nervous system solving an optimization problem for a specific cost function. No matter the alternative interpretation selected to replicate biological control of human movements, artificial “anatomies” should consider not only motor capabilities from the central nervous system but integrate bioinspired mechanical features (such as compliance) in artificial limbs. The development of wearable robotics and neuroprosthetic systems for human movement compensation and control is naturally inspired by human anatomy and biology. Cutting‐edge technological advances in the field of biomedical and neural engineering are bringing us more and more close to a new artificial anatomy with which humans could augment their motor capabilities or replace them after they are compromised. Either augmentative/assistive or rehabilitation technologies in the near future will require engineering solutions based on novel approaches to create usable neurorobotic and neuroprosthetic systems for the most relevant societal needs.
Model dependence of the magnetic field effects on compact stars
Authors: Rodríguez Concepción Adriel E. , Quintero Angulo Gretel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe analyze the model dependence of the observable properties of magnetized compact stars. To do so, we considered two sets of structure equations that describe axially symmetric stars under the action of a uniform magnetic field. These structure equations are applied to study the properties of three equations of state corresponding to magnetized white dwarfs, strange stars, and Bose‐Einstein condensate stars. For each equation of state (EoS), we compared the results of both macroscopic models and found that for weak magnetic fields, the observables are mainly governed by the EoS. As the magnetic field increases, the details of the models start to gain relevance.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb–drug interactions of common over‐the‐counter pain medications
Authors: Sun Chung‐Kai , Tsai Tung‐Hu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPain is one of the most common reasons for seeking medical intervention, and self‐medication with over‐the‐counter medications and/or traditional herbal remedies has become increasingly popular. In this review, original articles on understanding possible herb–drug interactions between traditional herbs and four major pain medications—acetaminophen, aspirin, ibuprofen and naproxen—are compiled and analyzed. In terms of analytical methods, high‐performance liquid chromatography using an isocratic eluent system coupled to biological sample clean‐up is the most common, while a wide variety of detectors have been observed, including a photodiode array, variable wavelength detector, electrochemical detector and tandem mass spectrometer. Both synergistic and anti‐synergistic effects were observed for acetaminophen and aspirin, while only synergistic effects have been found for naproxen. Currently, no interactions have been reported for ibuprofen.
From online planning education to future planning education in a global view: A case study of online engineering education in MOOCs and its characteristics
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhou Shiqi , He Zhen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe world is accelerating urbanization, planning plays an irreplaceable role in the urbanization processes and sustainable development, and its education, and planning education is for cultivating next‐generation professionals in planning‐related fields for improving planning activities in urbanization and ensuring better human settlements. With the advance of new technologies, the online planning education represented by MOOCs is rapidly developing nowadays, conventional planning education is gradually turning to online planning education. This study compares the data employed from the internet searched survey with the existing literature data, and focuses on the content characteristics of conventional planning education and online planning education by comparing the content structure, time characteristics, institution characteristics, and other elements. It is found that there is no essential difference between online planning education and conventional planning education in overall characteristics, therefore, the online planning education is considered the online version of conventional planning education. At the same time, online planning education exposes various shortcomings. Furthermore, this research proposes the theoretical concept of “future planning education,” which suggesting a rational transformation for planning education is needed for solving the existing problems, and promoting the comprehensive efficiency of planning education.
Factors influencing access to specialised haematology units during acute myeloblastic leukaemia patient care: A population‐based study in France
Authors: Atsou Kueshivi Midodji , Rachet Bernard , Cornet Edouard , Chretien Marie‐Lorraine , Rossi Cédric , Remontet Laurent , Roche Laurent , Giorgi Roch , Gauthier Sophie , Girard Stéphanie , Böckle Johann , Wasse Stéphane Kroudia , Rachou Helene , Bouzid Laila , Poncet Jean‐Marc , Orazio Sébastien , Monnereau Alain , Troussard Xavier , Mounier Morgane , Maynadie Marc 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe excess mortality observed in Acute Myeloblastic Leukaemia (AML) patients, partly attributed to unequal access to curative treatments, could be linked to care pathways.MethodsWe included 1039 AML incident cases diagnosed between 2012–2016 from the 3 French blood cancer registries (3,625,400 inhabitants). We describe patients according to age, the medical entry unit and access to the specialised haematology unit (SHU) during follow‐up. Multivariate logistic regression model was done to determine the association between covariables and access to SHU. A total of 713 patients (69%) had access to SHU during care.ResultsThe most common care pathway concerned referral from the general practitioner to SHU, n = 459(44%). The univariate analysis observed a downward trend for the most deprived patients. Patients who consulted in SHU were younger (66 years vs. 83, p < 0.001), and 92% had access to cytogenetic analysis (vs. 54%, p < 0.001). They also had less poor prognosis AML‐subtypes (AML‐MRC, t‐AML/MDS and AML‐NOS) (38% vs. 69%); 77% with de novo AML (vs. 67%, p < 0.003)], more favourable cytogenetic prognostic status (23% vs. 6%, p < 0.001), less comorbidities (no comorbidity = 55% vs. 34%, p < 0.001) and treatments proposed were curative 68% (vs. 5.3%, p < 0.001). Factors limiting access to SHU were age over 80 years (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.04–0.38), severe comorbidities (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21–0.69), emergency unit referral (OR, 0.28; 95% CI, 0.18–0.44) and non‐SHU referral (OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.07–0.18). Consultation in an academic hospital increased access to SHU by 8.87 times (95% CI, 5.64–14.2).ConclusionThe high proportion of access to cytogenetic testing and curative treatment among patients admitted to SHU, and the importance of early treatment in AML underlines the importance of access to SHU for both diagnosis and treatment.
High bleeding risk patients
Authors: Tarantini Giuseppe , Cardaioli Francesco 
Published: January 2023

Key points
High bleeding risk (HBR) patients are generally more complex and affected by multiple comorbidities as compared to non‐HBR population. The Biofreedom DCS was successfully tested in this setting in previous randomized trials.
In the present analysis, the Biofreedom DCS confirmed its good safety and efficacy profile also in a real‐world population of HBR patients, expanding the results also in non‐HBR subjects. However, despite a shorter DAPT regimen, HBR patients remain at higher risk for both ischemic and hemorrhagic events after PCI.
Further randomized trials will be needed to fully explore the role of Biofreedom in non HBR patients and the best DAPT regimen for both HBR and non‐HBR subjects after PCI with Biolimus DCS.
Properties of Epoxy Resins‐Based Composite Materials with the Addition of Microspheres
Authors: Serekpayeva Mira , Ibzhanova Ainur , Niyazbekova Rimma , Kokayeva Gulnara , Aldabergenova Saule 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEpoxy resin‐based composite materials were investigated. Samples were made of epoxy resin ED‐20 with the addition of different amounts of microspheres. Structure and sizes of small filler particles were determined. The derived compounds were tested for resistance to alternating temperatures and corrosive media. The results demonstrated that samples with the addition of 10 % of microspheres are more resistant to the impact of 25 % acid and alkali, as well as to gasoline. At the same time, the amount of the filler from 2 to 10 wt % does not influence the resistance to alternating temperatures significantly. The conducted tests demonstrated the resistance of the developed composite materials to alternating temperatures and corrosive media, which allows using them as corrosion‐resistant coatings for metal structures and in machine maintenance.