bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exosomes overexpressing CDC73 inhibit malignant progression of Lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Dong Hao , Xie Tian , Li Xingyi , Li Yan , Feng Jingjing , Zheng YiFan , Xu Yiming , Zhong Chongjun , Ding Shengguang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Early diagnosis and treatment of LUAD remains the focus of current research. The aim of this research is to assess the influence of CDC73 on the progression of LUAD malignancy and its potential as a biomarker for diagnosing LUAD. Furthermore, CDC73 may have the potential to be utilized in the treatment of LUAD.
Methods: By applying both electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoparticle tracking technology (NTA), we were able to analyze and validate the purity of the exosomes, and screen outthe biomarker for diagnosing LUAD via protein group analysis and Western immunoblotting experiments. In vitro experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of CDC73 on the malignant behavior of LUAD cells. We then conducted co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis experiments to investigate the effect of CDC73 on the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. To further assess the inhibitory effect of CDC73 on LUAD progression, we conducted in vivo experiments (xenograft tumor growth). Lastly, ultracentrifugation was utilized to isolate exosomes from the supernatant of LUAD cells in order to gain more information regarding the mechanism of action of CDC73 in these exosomes.
Results: The expression of CDC73 was markedly lower in exosomes from the plasma of LUAD patients than in healthy human plasma exosomes. In vitro and in vivo research has demonstrated that CDC73 forms a complex with the cancer suppressor protein PTEN via CTNNB1, thereby inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and diminishing malignant behavior in LUAD. Furthermore, LUAD cells transfected with CDC73 were found to reduce the malignant behavior of exosomes secreted by these cells, including their ability to promote growth and metastasis.
Conclusions: CDC73 is a tumor suppressor gene for LUAD and could be used as a diagnostic marker for the disease. Additionally, we observed an increase in CDC73 expression in exosomes secreted by LUAD cells overexpressing CDC73 and a decrease in their ability to promote the malignant phenotype of normal lung cells. Exosomes expressing the gene CDC73 could potentially open the door to a new therapeutic approach for treating LUAD.
Bilateral Interstitial Keratitis Following COVID-19: A Case Report
Authors: Daher Nathalie Dalloul , Tedros Philemon G. , Giangiulio Nicholas V. , Syed Zeba A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Although the primary target of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the respiratory tract, the expression of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor in other tissues facilitates viral entry in others parts of the body, including ocular structures. Ocular manifestations may occur before, during, or after systemic infection.
Case presentation: We report the case of a 60-year-old male who presented with bilateral interstitial keratitis after the onset of COVID-19, with ocular symptoms starting within 7 days after systemic symptoms. Laboratory investigation did not identify any alternative etiology for his disease. The patient had already developed significant corneal scarring and visual debilitation by the time topical steroids were initiated, and his final corrected visual acuity with rigid gas permeable contact lenses was 20/50 and 20/80 in the right and left eye, respectively.
Conclusions: The involvement of ocular tissue by the virus can lead to permanent sequelae such as severe visual loss, and clinicians should be aware of and recognize ophthalmic manifestations of this disease to prompt early intervention.
Perioperative risk factors related to complications of lumbar spine fusion surgery in patients with an average age of 80 years old
Authors: Liu Chenjun , Guo Chen , Meng Fanqi , Zhu Zhenqi , Xia Weiwei , Liu Haiying 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the perioperative risk factors related to lumbar spine fusion surgery in geriatric patients.
Methods: 202 geriatric patients who have underwent lumbar spinal fusion surgeries between January 2019 and June 2021 were retrospectively investigated. Information of age, sex, comorbidity, fixation segments, operation time, surgical blood loss and periopera­tive complications in hospital were collected. Risk factors for complications were analyzed. Student’s t-test, chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U‑test and multivariate general­ized linear models were used.
Results: In this study, 31 patients presented complications (15.3%) in these geriatric patients with an average age of 79.1 years, including 1 patient with intraoperative complication and 30 patients with postoperative complications; and 2 out of 31 patients (1%) died. The geriatric patients were divided into group A (24 patients) with major postoperative complications and group B (178 patients) without major postoperative complications. Major postoperative complications were significantly associated with age (univariate analysis, t=3.92, P<0.001; multivariate analysis, OR=1.323, 95 %CI 1.126-1.554, P=0.001), but not significantly associated with other factors tested (sex, comorbidity, fixation segments, operation time, surgical blood loss). Then 173 patients (range 77-81 years) were selected and the rate of major postoperative complications of each age from 78 to 81 years was compared with that of 77 years patients, respectively. We found that the ratios of complications at 80 years (OR=10.000, P=0.019) and 81 years (OR=10.000, P=0.009) were higher than the ratio at 77 years.
Conclusions: Although with great progress of medical technology, increasing age was still the independent risk factor for major postoperative complications in geriatric patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion surgery. As for the incidence of major postoperative complications, 80 and 81 years old patients was 10 folds higher than that of 77 years old patients, reminding us to pay more attention to 80 years old and even older patients.
Spatial distribution and migration of lead and zinc and the influence of parent materials in typical paddy soils of Hunan Province, China
Authors: Xiang Yi-fan , Wan Da-juan , Wang Chen-ran , Huang Jun-lin , Cao Xue-ying , Chen Jia-qi , OUYANG NingXiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To establish a clear understanding of the distribution and migration characteristics of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in paddy soil in Hunan Province, a representative sampling design was employed. Specifically, the study selected 63 sampling points from various soil formations with paddy soil development in the province, and 343 soil samples were collected from different soil profiles. These soil samples were analyzed for various parameters, such as total Pb and Zn content, pH, organic matter, soil particle size, cation exchange capacity, and free Fe2O3 content. The objective of the comprehensive study was to examine the spatial distribution of Pb and Zn, their migration patterns, and the impact of soil formation on their concentration levels. The results revealed that the surface layer of paddy soil had Pb and Zn content ranging from 17.62 to 114.07 mg/kg and 44.98 to 146.84 mg/kg, respectively. Notably, Pb was found to be more influenced by human activities than Zn, and the comprehensive quality impact evaluations for both Pb and Zn indicated safety. The horizontal distribution maps demonstrated that high-content sampling points were mainly located downstream of the Xiangjiang River. Moreover, the vertical distribution of samples showed four predominant trends, including surface enrichment, sub-surface enrichment, surface, and bottom layer enrichment, and fluctuation. Interestingly, it was observed that Zn had a stronger migration ability than Pb. Additionally, the soil formation was found to have the greatest impact on Pb and Zn content in the bottom soil layer.
In silico vetting of vinyl quinoline derivatives as potent Anti- Diabetic leads
Authors: Ponnusamy Aruna , Pottail Lalitha , Chithambharan Akhila , Rajalakshmi Ravimoorthy , Philip Reena Susan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The increased microbial resistance against developed and existing drug molecules urges us to design targeted drug molecules in short span of time though designing and marketing new drug is tedious and time-consuming as it requires several clinical trials. Thus the current study focuses on computer-aided drug design through in silico studies which hastens the screening of millions of lead compounds quickly. It also facilitates the design of new lead compounds instead of using the wet-lab method. The potential pharmaceutical activity of vinylquinoline compounds made us choose them as a lead for anti-diabetic screening. In this study, we attempted to explore the in silico anti-diabetic activity of randomly chosen 25 vinylquinoline derivatives using Maestro Schrödinger software. The toxicity of the ligands are predicted in silico using the software Toxtree. The preliminary screening of these ligands against potent Dipeptidyl Peptidase (DPP IV) reveals vinyl quinoline derivatives possess docking scores comparable to standard Metformin Hydrochloride. Thus the docking results highly recommends vinyl quinoline derivatives as a potent anti-diabetic drug.
Trend turning of North China summer extreme precipitations around early 2000s and its possible reason
Authors: Diao Yina , Guo Jinhuan , Zhang Yazhou , Hou Zhaolu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on regional extreme precipitation (REP) in North China. We found a trend turning in summer (July and August) REP frequencies and intensities from a decrease trend in 1961–2002 to an increase trend in 2003–2020, accompanied by a southward shift of the extreme rain belt, and an enhanced connection with the Ural blocking and the Western Pacific Subtropical High Pressure (WPSH) in 2003–2020. Rains in North China are accompanied by a west-east low-high dipole (LHD) at upper troposphere. During the REP, the high of the LHD at Northeast China (the NEH) is strongly amplified from a pre-existing stationary ridge at northeast Asia under the influence of eastward propagating Rossby wave energies along the subpolar/subtropical wave guide over Eurasia. For the REP years, an enhanced stationary ridge over the Ural Mountains in the period 2003–2020 replaces the stationary Ural trough in the period 1961–2002, favouring the development of Ural Blockings (UB) and leading to a change of the Rossby wave propagation path from along the subtropical wave guide in 1961–2002 to along the polar wave guide in 2003–2020. Therefore, a connection between the NEH and the UB forms, which may lead to a higher probability of extreme precipitation in North China since blocking is a major source of strong circulation anomalies. The mean summer WPSH expands more westward-northward in 2003–2020 than in 1961–2002, providing the background conditions for further westward-northward expanding of the daily WPSH under the influence of the NEH before the REP day leading to strong moisture transport from north Pacific and increased intensity and probability of extreme precipitation over southern North China.
CERCAM is a prognostic biomarker associated with immune infiltration of macrophage M2 polarization in head and neck squamous carcinoma
Authors: Yang Ying , Yan Cong , Chen Xiao-Jian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the relevance of cerebral endothelial cell adhesion molecule (CERCAM) expression to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) prognosis and immune infiltration by macrophage M2 polarization.
Methods
Timer, UALCAN and HPA databases was used to analyze the differences in mRNA and protein levels of CERCAM expression in HNSCC. The Timer database was also applied to analyze the correlation between CERCAM in HNSCC and immune infiltration. TCGA-HNSCC database was applied to analyze the correlation between CERCAM expression levels and clinicopathological features, and its diagnostic and prognostic value in HNSCC was also assessed. The cBioPortal and MethSurv databases were then applied to analyze the genetic variation and methylation status of CERCAM. In vitro cellular assays were performed to provide evidence that CERCAM promotes malignant biological behavior of tumors and promotes macrophage M2 polarization in tumors. Finally, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of CERCAM involvement in the development of HNSCC were predicted using a bioinformatics approach.
Results
CERCAM is significantly overexpressed in HNSCC and correlates with poor prognostic levels and has good performance in predicting survival status in HNSCC patients. Cox regression analysis indicates that CERCAM expression levels are independent risk factors for predicting OS, DSS, and PFI. CERCAM promotes tumor malignant biological behavior and promotes macrophage M2 polarization immune infiltration in HNSCC. In addition, CERCAM promotes tumor cell adhesion in head and neck squamous carcinoma and promotes tumor progression through several oncogenic signaling pathways.
Conclusion
CERCAM may serve as a new diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HNSCC and is a promising therapeutic target for HNSCC.
Periaqueductal gray matter echogenicity as a marker of migraine chronification: a case control study
Authors: Vilas Dolores , Rubio Sara , Gea Mireia , Rios Jose , Ispierto Lourdes , Hernández-Pérez María , Paré Martí , Millán Mònica , Dorado Laura 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Migraine is one of the most prevalent and disabling medical diseases in the world. The periaqueductal gray matter and the red nucleus play an important role in its pathogenesis. Our aim was to evaluate the echogenicity of the periaqueductal gray matter and the red nucleus in patients with migraine, by means of transcranial ultrasound.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, a group of patients with migraine (according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders) and a group of control subjects with comparable age-and-sex distribution were prospectively included. We evaluated the area and echogenicity of the periaqueductal gray matter and the red nucleus by means of transcranial ultrasound, both bedside and posteriorly analyzed with the medical image viewer Horos.
Results
We included 115 subjects: 65 patients with migraine (39 of them with chronic migraine and 26 with episodic migraine), and 50 controls. Median disease duration in patients was 29 (IQR: 19; 40) years, with a median of 18 (IQR: 14; 27) days of migraine per month. The area of the periaqueductal gray matter was larger in patients with chronic migraine compared to episodic migraine and controls (0.15[95%CI 0.12;0.22]cm2; 0.11[95%CI 0.10;0.14]cm2 and 0.12[95%CI 0.09;0.15]cm2, respectively; p = 0.043). Chronic migraine patients showed an intensity of the periaqueductal gray matter echogenicity lower than controls (90.57[95%CI 70.87;117.26] vs 109.56[95%CI 83.30;122.64]; p = 0.035). The coefficient of variation of periaqueductal gray matter echogenicity was the highest in chronic migraine patients (p = 0.009). No differences were observed regarding the area or intensity of red nucleus echogenicity among groups.
Conclusion
Patients with chronic migraine showed a larger area of echogenicity of periaqueductal gray matter, a lower intensity of its echogenicity and a higher heterogenicity within this brainstem structure compared to patients with episodic migraine and controls. The echogenicity of the periaqueductal gray matter should be further investigated as a biomarker of migraine chronification.
Usability, safety, efficacy, positioning of the Atlas drug-eluting coronary stent: Evaluation of preliminary perioperative results
Authors: Aliman Okan , Ardic Alper Fatih 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease. For its revascularization, minimally invasive techniques have been the preferred treatment modality for the past two decades. However, restenosis is a significant issue after these techniques. Drug-eluting stents (DES), primarily sirolimus or paclitaxel- releasing, have started to be widely used to reduce the rate of restenosis.
Material Methods: 30 patients, 51-83 years old, who demonstrated significant coronary artery stenosis were treated with the The ATLAS Drug Eluting Coronary Stent System (AtlasPTCAⓇ; Invamed, Ankara, Turkey) at the Medical Simulation and Training Center, MU Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Accurate positioning of the stent, which contains radiopaque tungsten-tantalum markings at the tips, was traced by angiographical imaging. Measurements of vessel sizes before and after treatment were performed using quantitative coronary assessment (QCA). Quantitative analysis was performed by comparing the diameter of the reference vessel. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistical package version 25 program.
Result: After treatment, the final lumen diameter value was 3.45±0.56 mm, similar to the diameter measurement of the reference vessel. Restenosis was not observed in any of the patients. No serious side effects are observed.
Conclusions AtlasPTCAⓇ is feasible and associated with a favorable profile of safety, efficacy, deliverability, and usability. Therefore, its use can provide a valuable aid in the treatment of coronary artery disease. For long-term evaluation, more studies are needed.
Backstepping Projectivesynchronization Scheme Andadaptive Function Projectivesynchronization Scheme Onchaotic Dumbell Satellitemodel : A Comparative Study
Authors: Khan Ayub , Pal Rimpi , Rani Prabha , Kumar Anuj , Gahlout Shivani 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we have carried out Projective Synchronization(PS) using Backstepping Design and Function Projective Synchronization(FPS) by Adaptive Control Scheme between two identical chaotic systems evolving from different initial conditions. The first method is applied when the two systems are certain in nature whereas when the systems contain uncertain time-varying parameters, second method is found to be successful. Further, comparing the two synchronization phenomena, FPS is a more general form of PS. These methods are applied to a model of chaotic dumbell satellite which is under periodic external disturbances and numerical simulations are carried out which confirm our analytical findings.
Effect of maternal heat stress during pregnancy on reproductive functions of offspring in Balb/c mice
Authors: Du Shouyang , Tian Xin , Shang Guozhen , Liu Zihan , Niu Hongxing , Ma Jinyou 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: In mammals, exposure to extreme temperature during pregnancy exert dramatic effects on adult offspring, especially reproductive functions. However, the studies on the long-term effect of maternal heat stress during pregnancy on the reproductive function of offspring remains very scarce. The objective of this study was, therefore, to elucidate the effect of maternal heat stress during pregnancy on reproductive performance, reproductive hormones and morphometric parameters of reproductive organs in offspring. Thirty pregnant female mice were divided into three equal groups: Control group (C), Moderate heat stress group (MS) and Heat stress group (HS), which were respectively exposed for 2 hours at a temperature of 22°C, 30°C and 39°C daily until delivered. The food intake, body weights, pregnancy outcomes of dams, and the relative weight of reproductive organs, reproductive hormones, morphometric parameters of testis and ovaries of offspring were measured.
Results: We found that maternal heat stress did not affect food intake, body weights of dams and pregnancy outcomes, including litter size and birth weight. No differences (p > 0.05) in relative weights of reproductive organs of offspring were found. Then the results in maternal heat stressed males showed lower (p< 0.05) reproductive hormones levels and lower (p < 0.05) number of Leydig cells and sperm count. In maternal heat stressed females, lower (p< 0.05) reproductive hormones levels, as well as a tendency of decreased number of secondary follicles were observed. Aside from these effects, corticosterone levels in maternal heat stressed males and females increased (p < 0.05), which was significantly negativelyassociated with level of reproductive hormones.
Conclusions: Our results highlight the direct effects of maternal heat stress during pregnancy on reproductive hormones and histology of reproductive organs of offspring. These findings have implications for understanding the effects of HS on animal reproductive functions. In the context of continued warming and deteriorating of the global climate, it will provide a foundation for future studies to investigate heat exposure.
Screening and Analysis for Inhibitors of SHMT2 Enzyme Protein
Authors: 陈 泊锦 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyl transferase isoform 2 (SHMT2) plays a crucial role as a catalytic regulator in the serine/glycine pathway of cancer cells' one-carbon metabolism. Although it has potential as an anti-cancer target, only a limited number of inhibitors have been identified. In this study, we used eight different scoring functions and skeleton clustering to screen the ChemDiv database for 22 compounds, most of which have the same skeleton structure. ASIE was used to identify the key residues in SHMT2 and chemical groups in the inhibitors. Through quantitative determination of the binding energy of each residue, important features of the protein-inhibitor interaction were revealed. The most significant contributing residues were TYR105 and TYR106 in the B chain, as well as LEU166 and ARG425 in the A chain. These results could guide the development of more potent inhibitors and enhance our understanding of the drug-SHMT2 binding mechanisms, and it served as a guide for future drug design.
Dermatoscopic characteristics, lesional capillaroscopic features, and histopathological correlation of small plaque parapsoriasis and mycosis fungoides
Authors: Erdil Dilara İlhan , Cin Merve , Erdil Duygu , Manav Vildan , Dağtaş Buğra Burç , Aksu Ayşe Esra Koku 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: Dermatoscopy is a frequently used non-invasive diagnostic procedure. Considering that mycosis fungoides (MF) mimics parapsoriasis clinically in it's early stages, we aim to determine the dermatoscopic criteria and the histopathological correlations in patients with MF and small plaque parapsoriasis (SPP).
Materials and Methods: This prospective study involved 28 patients with clinical and histopathological diagnoses of MF and 31 patients with SPP. Videodermoscopy and USB capillaroscope were used to evaluate the patients’ vessels at ×200 magnification. Vascularity was evaluated through microvascular density (MVD) scoring involving CD34 antibody staining.
Results: Fifty-nine patients were included in this study. The scores corresponding to the presence of short linear vessels, linear-curved vessels, branching linear vessels, and non-structured orange-colored areas were significantly higher in the MF patients than in the SPP patients (p<0.05). The highest MVD (p=0.01) scores were also higher in the MF patients than in the SPP patients.
Conclusion:The SPP and early-stage MF patients differed in their MVD scores (p=0.01), and the findings correlated with the dermatoscopy and lesional capillaroscopy findings. Differentiating features between SPP and MF were thus identifed.