bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between PM10exposure and risk of myocardial infarction in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Strobl Kleiton , Irfan Syed Asad , Masood Hassan , Latif Noor , Kurmi Om 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAir pollution has several negative health effects. Particulate matter (PM) is a pollutant that is often linked to health adversities. PM2.5(PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5μm) exposure has been associated with negative cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. However, the impact of PM10(PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10μm) exposure is often overlooked due to its limited ability to pass the alveolar barrier. This study aims to assess the association between PM10exposure and risk of myocardial infarction (MI) amongst adults (≥18 years of age) as this has been poorly studied.MethodsThe study protocol was published on PROSPERO (CRD42023409796) on March 31, 2023. Literature searches were conducted on 4 databases (OVID Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and Web of Science) for studies looking at associations between PM and MI. English studies from all time periods were assessed. Studies selected for review were time-series, case-crossover, and cohort studies which investigated the risk of MI as an outcome upon PM10exposure. The quality of evidence was assessed using Cochrane’s GRADE approach. Data for different risk outcomes (risk ratio (RR), odds ratio (OR), hazard ratio (HR)) and 3 lags was meta-analyzed using an inverse variance statistical analysis using a random effects model. The pooled effect sizes and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported in forest plots.ResultsAmong the 1,099 studies identified, 41 were included for review and 23 were deemed eligible for meta-analysis. Our analysis revealed that there is an increased risk (OR=1.01; 95% CI:1.00 - 1.02) of MI with a 10 μg/m3increase in PM10after a lag 0 and lag 1 delay.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that PM10exposure is associated with an increased risk of MI. This can aid in informing environmental policy-making, personal-level preventative measures, and global public health action.
Analyses of health surveys indicates regions of priority to eliminate open defecation in Africa and implication for antimicrobial resistance burden
Authors: Fagunwa Omololu Ebenezer , Mthiyane Thobile , Fagunwa Ayokunle , Olayemi Kassim Idowu , Alozie Alaoma , Onyeaka Helen , Akinsemolu Adenike , Ojo Adegbola 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSanitation, which offer safe and effective methods for waste disposal is important for development. However, in Africa and other developing regions, the prevalent practice of open defecation (OD) impedes attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This research delves into the analysis of OD in Africa and proposes a three-tier priority system, comprising critical, high, and medium areas, through which developmental endeavours can be targeted. To achieve this, the study utilizes data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and World Bank. The rates of OD at country and sub-country/region levels were calculated to define the priority system and regression analyses were used to determine predictors of OD practice. The findings are that Nigeria, Ethiopia, Niger, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Burkina Faso, and Chad have a high number of people struggling with open defecation. In addition, disparities in access to proper sanitation facilities were identified among impoverished individuals and those residing in rural areas. After adjusting for education and residence, the poorest are 43 times (95% confidence interval42.443 – 45.290) more likely to practice open defecation in comparison to the wealthiest. Consequently, wealth index is a pivotal factor in eradicating open toileting. To address this pressing issue in Africa, it is imperative to prioritize evidence-based targeted interventions that concentrate on regions and communities urgently needing improved sanitation infrastructure and programmes. Special attention should be paid to West Africa since many of its communities are in the critical category. Poverty and inequality must be addressed and investments in sanitation infrastructure, behavioural change promotion, and support for multistakeholder collaborations should be encouraged. To evaluate OD intervention and monitor health impact, variables such as antimicrobial resistance (AMR) should be included in important health surveys (e.g., DHS). This study is the largest meta-data analyses of OD in Africa detailing drivers and communities that should be prioritised on sanitation interventions.
Essential role of the CCL2-CCR2 axis in Mayaro virus-induced disease
Authors: Santos Franciele Martins , Rodrigues de Costa Melo Victor , de Araújo Simone , Ferreira de Sousa Carla Daiane , Moreira Thaiane Pinto , Gonçalves Matheus Rodrigues , dos Santos Anna Clara Paiva Menezes , Seabra Ferreira Heloísa Athayde , Costa Pedro Augusto Carvalho , Barrioni Breno Rocha , Bargi-Souza Paula , de Magalhães Pereira Marivalda , Nogueira Maurício Lacerda , da Glória Souza Danielle , Guimarães Pedro Pires Goulart , Teixeira Mauro Martins , Queiroz-Junior Celso Martins , Costa Vivian Vasconcelos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMayaro virus (MAYV) is an emerging arbovirus member of theTogaviridaefamily andAlphavirusgenus. MAYV infection causes an acute febrile illness accompanied by persistent polyarthralgia and myalgia. Understanding the mechanisms involved in arthritis caused by alphaviruses is necessary to develop specific therapies. In this work, we investigated the role of the CCL2/CCR2 axis in the pathogenesis of MAYV-induced disease. For this, WT C57BL/6J and CCR2-/-mice were infected with MAYV subcutaneously and evaluated for disease development. MAYV infection induced an acute inflammatory disease in WT mice. The immune response profile was characterized by an increase in the production of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, TNF and CCL2. Higher levels of CCL2 at the local and systemic levels, was followed by significant recruitment of CCR2+macrophages and a cellular response orchestrated by these cells. CCR2-/-mice showed an increase in CXCL-1 levels, followed by a replacement of the macrophage inflammatory infiltrate by neutrophils. Additionally, absence of the CCR2 receptor protected mice from bone loss induced by MAYV. Accordingly, the silencing of CCL2 chemokine expressionin vivoand the pharmacological blockade of CCR2 promoted a partial improvement in disease. Cell culture data support the mechanism underlying MAYV’s bone pathology in which: i) MAYV infection promoted a pro-osteoclastogenic microenvironment mediated by IL-6, TNF and CCL2 and ii) migration of osteoclast precursors was dependent on the CCR2/CCL2 axis. Overall, these data contribute to the understanding of the pathophysiology of MAYV infection and to the identification future of specific therapeutic targets in MAYV-induced disease.ImportanceThis work demonstrates the role of the CCL2/CCR2 axis in MAYV-induced disease. Infection of WT C57BL/6J and CCR2-/-mice was associated with high levels of CCL2, an important chemoattractant involved in the recruitment of macrophages, the main precursor of osteoclasts. In the absence of the CCR2 receptor there is a mitigation of macrophage migration to the target organs of infection and protection of these mice against bone loss induced by MAYV infection. Much evidence has shown that host immune response factors contribute significantly to the tissue damage associated to alfavirus infections. Thus, this work highlights molecular and cellular targets involved in the pathogenesis of arthritis triggered by MAYV, and identifies novel therapeutic possibilities directed to the host inflammatory response unleashed by MAYV.
Effectiveness of ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on invasive pneumococcal disease among children <2 years old: a prospective population-based study in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Malaker Roly , Hassanuzaman Md , Rahman Hafizur , Das Rajib Chandra , Kanon Naito , Saha Senjuti , Hooda Yogesh , Tanmoy Arif M , Chakraborty Sowmitra Ranjan , Saha Shampa , Islam Maksuda , Darmstadt Gary L. , Baqui Abdullah H , Sathosam Mathuram , El-Arifeen Shams , Whitney Cynthia G , Saha Samir K 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) was introduced in March 2015 in Bangladesh. In this study, we aimed to estimate the impact of PCV10 on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) identified by blood cultures and severe pneumonia identified clinically and its effectiveness on invasive disease caused by vaccine serotypes.We conducted population-based surveillance among children aged 2- <24 months between April 2012 through March 2019 in Mirzapur, a rural sub-district of Bangladesh. We compared incidence of IPD and severe pneumonia before (April 2012 to March 2015) and after (April 2015 to March 2019) the introduction of PCV10. Vaccine effectiveness was measured using an indirect cohort analysis of data from four sentinel sites in which PCV10 vaccination status was compared among children with IPD caused by vaccine serotype vs. non-vaccine serotypes.We identified 24 IPD cases by blood culture and 1,704 severe pneumonia hospitalizations during the surveillance period. IPD incidence in under-2-year-old children fell 25% (95% CI: -1.2% to 76%; p-value =0.59) from 106 cases per 100,000 person-years at baseline to 79.3 in April 2018- March 2019. Vaccine serotype-IPD incidence was lower (77% reduction, 95% CI: -0.45% to 96%; p-value =0.068) in April 2018 - March 2019 than in the pre-vaccine period (85.7 cases to 19.8/100,000 observation-years). A significant decline of 54.0% (95% CI: 47.0% to 59.0%; p-value <0.001) was observed in hospitalizations due to severe pneumonia. From indirect cohort analysis, the effectiveness of PCV10 against vaccine serotype IPD was 37% (95% CI: -141.0% to 83.5%; p= 0.5) after the 1stdose and 63.1% (95% CI: -3.3% to 85.9%, p=0.0411) after the 2ndor the 3rddose.This study demonstrates that PCV10 introduction prevented hospitalizations with severe pneumonia and provided individual protection against vaccine serotypes.
Vascular injury markers associated with cognitive impairment in people with HIV on suppressive antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Guha Debjani , Misra Vikas , Yin Jun , Horiguchi Miki , Uno Hajime , Gabuzda Dana 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent despite viral suppression on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Vascular disease contributes to HAND, but peripheral markers that distinguish vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) from HIV-related etiologies remain unclear.DesignCross-sectional study of vascular injury, inflammation, and central nervous system (CNS) injury markers in relation to HAND.MethodsVascular injury (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, CRP), inflammation (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-15, IP-10, MCP-1, VEGF-A), and CNS injury (NFL, total Tau, GFAP, YKL-40) markers were measured in plasma and CSF from 248 individuals (143 HIV+ on suppressive ART and 105 HIV-controls).ResultsMedian age was 53 years, median CD4 count, and duration of HIV infection were 505 cells/µl and 16 years, respectively. Vascular injury, inflammation, and CNS injury markers were increased in HIV+ compared with HIV-individuals (p<0.05). HAND was associated with increased plasma VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and YKL-40 (p<0.01) and vascular disease (p=0.004). In contrast, inflammation markers had no significant association with HAND. Vascular injury markers were associated with lower neurocognitive T scores in age-adjusted models (p<0.01). Furthermore, plasma VCAM-1 correlated with NFL (r=0.29, p=0.003). Biomarker clustering separated HAND into three clusters: two clusters with high prevalence of vascular disease, elevated VCAM-1 and NFL, and distinctive inflammation profiles (CRP/ICAM-1/YKL-40 or IL-6/IL-8/IL-15/MCP-1), and one cluster with no distinctive biomarker elevations.ConclusionsVascular injury markers are more closely related to HAND and CNS injury in PWH on suppressive ART than inflammation markers and may help to distinguish relative contributions of VCI to HAND.
Tracing the evolution of single-cell cancer 3D genomes: an atlas for cancer gene discovery
Authors: Liu Miao , Jin Shengyan , Agabiti Sherry S. , Jensen Tyler B. , Yang Tianqi , Radda Jonathan S. D. , Ruiz Christian F. , Baldissera Gabriel , Rajaei Moein , Townsend Jeffrey P. , Muzumdar Mandar Deepak , Wang Siyuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough three-dimensional (3D) genome structures are altered in cancer cells, little is known about how these changes evolve and diversify during cancer progression. Leveraging genome-wide chromatin tracing to visualize 3D genome folding directly in tissues, we generated 3D genome cancer atlases of murine lung and pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Our data reveal stereotypical, non-monotonic, and stage-specific alterations in 3D genome folding heterogeneity, compaction, and compartmentalization as cancers progress from normal to preinvasive and ultimately to invasive tumors, discovering a potential structural bottleneck in early tumor progression. Remarkably, 3D genome architectures distinguish histologic cancer states in single cells, despite considerable cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Gene-level analyses of evolutionary changes in 3D genome compartmentalization not only showed compartment-associated genes are more homogeneously regulated, but also elucidated prognostic and dependency genes in lung adenocarcinoma and a previously unappreciated role for polycomb-group protein Rnf2 in 3D genome regulation. Our results demonstrate the utility of mapping the single-cell cancer 3D genome in tissues and illuminate its potential to identify new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers in cancer.
Multivariate Associations Between Structural Brain Networks, Genetics, Environments, and Cognitive-Psychopathological Traits in Children
Authors: Seo Jungwoo , Lee Eunji , Kim Bo-Gyeom , Kim Gakyung , Joo Yoonjung Yoonie , Cha Jiook 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBrain development in childhood is shaped by complex interactions between genetic predispositions, environmental influences, and neural connectivity, yet how these factors jointly contribute to cognitive and mental health outcomes remains unclear. Structural brain networks, quantified through graph-theoretic measures, have been linked to cognition and psychiatric risk, but the extent to which genetic architecture and environmental exposures shape these networks, and whether brain networks mediate these influences, is not well understood. Here we show that genetic predispositions related to cognitive ability and socioeconomic status (SES) exhibit the strongest covariation with structural brain network topology in children. Using sparse canonical correlation analysis (SCCA) on ABCD Study data (N= 10,343), we identified robust associations between brain network properties, polygenic scores for cognition, SES indicators, and cognitive-psychopathological phenotypes. Mediation analysis further demonstrated that structural brain networks partially mediate the influence of genetic and environmental factors on cognitive performance and mental health outcomes, suggesting that neurodevelopmental trajectories may be shaped by both genetic liability and modifiable environmental conditions. These findings provide empirical support for a multivariate, systems-level perspective on brain development and cognitive-psychopathological variation in youth. By elucidating shared neural substrates underlying genetic and environmental influences, this work advances our understanding of brain network development and highlights potential pathways for individualized interventions and predictive modeling in developmental psychiatry and neuroscience.
Mecp2 Fine-tunes Quiescence Exit by Targeting Nuclear Receptors
Authors: Yang Jun , Zou Shitian , Qiu Zeyou , Lai Mingqiang , Long Qing , Chen Huan , Lai Pinglin , Zhang Sheng , Rao Zhi , Xie Xiaoling , Gong Yan , Liu Anling , Li Mangmang , Bai Xiaochun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractQuiescence (G0) maintenance and exit are crucial for tissue homeostasis and regeneration in mammals. Here, we show that methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (Mecp2) expression is cell cycle-dependent and negatively regulates quiescence exit in cultured cells and in an injury-induced liver regeneration mouse model. Specifically, acute reduction of Mecp2 is required for efficient quiescence exit, as deletion of Mecp2 accelerates, while overexpression of Mecp2 delays quiescence exit, and forced expression of Mecp2 after Mecp2 conditional knockout rescues cell cycle reentry. The E3 ligase Nedd4 mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of Mecp2, and thus facilitates quiescence exit. Genome-wide study uncovered the dual role of Mecp2 in preventing quiescence exit by transcriptionally activating metabolic genes while repressing proliferation-associated genes. Particularly, disruption of two nuclear receptors (NRs),RaraorNr1h3,accelerates quiescence exit, mimicking the Mecp2 depletion phenotype. Our studies unravel a previously unrecognized role for Mecp2 as an essential regulator of quiescence exit and tissue regeneration.
Endothelial SARS-CoV-2 infection is not the underlying cause of COVID19-associated vascular pathology in mice
Authors: Gao Siqi , Tang Alan T. , Wang Min , Buchholz David W. , Imbiakha Brian , Yang Jisheng , Chen Xiaowen , Hewins Peter , Mericko-Ishizuka Patricia , Leu N Adrian , Sterling Stephanie , August Avery , Jurado Kellie A. , Morrisey Edward E. , Aguilar-Carreno Hector , Kahn Mark L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEndothelial damage and vascular pathology have been recognized as major features of COVID-19 since the beginning of the pandemic. Two main theories regarding how Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) damages endothelial cells and causes vascular pathology have been proposed: direct viral infection of endothelial cells or indirect damage mediated by circulating inflammatory molecules and immune mechanisms. However, these proposed mechanisms remain largely untested in vivo. Here, we utilized a set of new mouse genetic tools1developed in our lab to test both the necessity and sufficiency of endothelial human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) in COVID19 pathogenesis. Our results demonstrate that endothelial ACE2 and direct infection of vascular endothelial cells does not contribute significantly to the diverse vascular pathology associated with COVID-19.
The environmental assessment of soil chemical properties irrigated with treated wastewater under arid ecosystem of Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsanad Mohammed A. 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe present study focused on examining the effect of treated wastewater (TWW) on soil chemical properties. Also, efforts were made to compare the soil chemical properties under TWW irrigation with that under groundwater (GW).Design/methodology/approachDuring the years 2021 and 2022, surface and subsurface soil samples were randomly collected in triplicate by using an auger fortnightly at two depths (20 and 40 cm) from the selected spot areas to represent the different types of irrigation water sources: TWW and GW. Samples of the GW and the TWW were collected for analysis.FindingsThis study examines the impact of TWW on soil characteristics and the surrounding environment. TWW use enhances soil organic matter, nutrient availability and salt redistribution, while reducing calcium carbonate accumulation in the topsoil. However, it negatively affects soil pH, electrical conductivity and sodium adsorption ratio, although remaining within acceptable limits. Generally, irrigating with TWW improves most soil chemical properties compared to GW.Originality/valueIn general, almost all of the soil’s chemical properties were improved by irrigating with TWW rather than GW. Following that, wastewater is used to irrigate the soil. Additionally, the application of gypsum to control the K/Na and Ca/Na ratios should be considered under long-term TWW and GW usage in this study area in order to control the salt accumulation as well as prevent soil conversion to saline-sodic soil in the future. However, more research is needed to thoroughly investigate the long-term effects of using TWW on soil properties as well as heavy metal accumulation in soil.
Global financial connectivity and ineffectiveness of sovereign debt: implications for business activities in South Asia
Authors: Mehar Muhammad Ayub 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe study examines the impacts of debt financing on infrastructure development, investment, creation of new business entities, subsidies to private sector and GDP growth.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology is based on five simultaneous equations which have been estimated through panel least square.FindingsThe most important conclusion of this study is the significant role of sovereign bonds in determination of subsidies to private sector. The role of domestic credit is important in South Asian context because of its significant role in creation of new businesses.Research limitations/implicationsThis study supports the enhancement in credit financing to private sector for creation of new business activities in the economy.Practical implicationsThe improvement in liquidity position by enhancing domestic credit facilities may ensure the sustainability and continuity of business activities. Such activities may improve GDP growth in future.Social implicationsThe most important aspect of the study is to identify the role of debt financing in subsidies and creation of new businesses which are important elements of social economics.Originality/valueUsually the impacts of sovereign bonds and external debts on infrastructure development and GDP growth are examined. But, to relate these debts to creation of business entities and subsidies is a new dimension.
Peer effects of internationalization for engineering news-record contractors: evidence from Chinese contractors
Authors: Niu Yanliang , Zhang Renjie , Wu Guangdong , Zhou Qianwen 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis study explores whether the peer effects of internationalization exist within the subdivision industry of enterprises in the engineering field and assesses the imitation paths for the peer engineering enterprises within the industry when implementing internationalization strategies under the peer effects.Design/methodology/approachThis study collected secondary and objective data on 38 Chinese engineering enterprises from the Engineering News-Record's list of the top 250 international contractors between 2013 and 2021. It employed a regression analysis to test the research hypotheses.FindingsThe findings reveal that in the process of internationalization: (1) peer effects exist within the subdivision industry of internationalization of engineering enterprises; (2) engineering enterprises within the same industry and region imitate each other; (3) non-state-owned engineering enterprises imitate state-owned engineering enterprises within the same industry; and (4) in the industry follower–leader imitation process, industry followers imitate leaders according to enterprise size and return on assets.Originality/valueThe results contribute to a better understanding of how peer effects influence engineering enterprises' internationalization process. This study also proposes imitation paths based on the law of imitation to provide recommendations for engineering enterprises' better development in the international market.