bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful AAV8 readministration: Suppression of capsid‐specific neutralizing antibodies by a combination treatment of bortezomib and CD20 mAb in a mouse model of Pompe disease
Authors: Choi Su Jin , Yi John S. , Lim Jeong‐A , Tedder Thomas F. , Koeberl Dwight D. , Jeck William , Desai Ankit K. , Rosenberg Amy , Sun Baodong , Kishnani Priya S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundA major challenge to adeno‐associated virus (AAV)‐mediated gene therapy is the presence of anti‐AAV capsid neutralizing antibodies (NAbs), which can block viral vector transduction even at very low titers. In the present study, we examined the ability of a combination immunosuppression (IS) treatment with bortezomib and a mouse‐specific CD20 monoclonal antibody to suppress anti‐AAV NAbs and enable readministration of AAV vectors of the same capsid in mice.MethodsAn AAV8 vector (AAV8‐CB‐hGAA) that ubiquitously expresses human α‐glucosidase was used for initial gene therapy and a second AAV8 vector (AAV8‐LSP‐hSEAP) that contains a liver‐specific promoter to express human secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (hSEAP) was used for AAV readministration. Plasma samples were used for determination of anti‐AAV8 NAb titers. Cells isolated from whole blood, spleen, and bone marrow were analyzed for B‐cell depletion by flow cytometry. The efficiency of AAV readministration was determined by the secretion of hSEAP in blood.ResultsIn näive mice, an 8‐week IS treatment along with AAV8‐CB‐hGAA injection effectively depleted CD19+B220+ B cells from blood, spleen, and bone marrow and prevented the formation of anti‐AAV8 NAbs. Following administration of AAV8‐LSP‐hSEAP, increasing levels of hSEAP were detected in blood for up to 6 weeks, indicating successful AAV readministration. In mice pre‐immunized with AAV8‐CB‐hGAA, comparison of IS treatment for 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks revealed that the 16‐week IS treatment demonstrated the highest plasma hSEAP level following AAV8‐LSP‐hSEAP readministration.ConclusionsOur data suggest that this combination treatment is an effective IS approach that will allow retreatment of patients with AAV‐mediated gene therapy. A combination IS treatment with bortezomib and a mouse‐specific CD20 monoclonal antibody effectively suppressed anti‐AAV NAbs in naïve mice and in mice with pre‐existing antibodies, allowing successful readministration of the same AAV capsid vector.
Clinical evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a 1064 nm diode laser, and vacuum assisted pulsed electromagnetic fields and multipolar radio frequency for noninvasive fat reduction of the abdomen and flanks
Authors: Gutowski Karol A. , Kang Alison , Kilmer Suzanne L. , Batra R. Sonia , Vignan Nicole , Kenkel Jeffrey M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundNoninvasive cosmetic body contouring techniques are growing rapidly, and noninvasive lipolysis has been shown to have low pain, little downtime and produce consistent long‐term results. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a 1064 nm diode laser combined with vacuum assisted PEMF and RF energies for noninvasive fat reduction of the abdomen and flanks.MethodsSubjects received a series of three treatments 8 weeks apart, each consisting of a diode laser session, followed by vacuum assisted PEMF and RF. Before and after photographs were graded for overall fat reduction by three blinded evaluators. Ultrasound was used to measure changes in the thickness of adipose tissue. Subject satisfaction was assessed using the 5‐Point Likert Subject Satisfaction Scale and a subject questionnaire at 16 and 24‐week follow‐up visits. Throughout each treatment, the subjects were given the Wong‐Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFS) to assess discomfort and pain of the treatment.ResultsThirty‐nine subjects (average age 48.6 years) from four clinical sites were enrolled. Evaluators identified the correct before and after images 73.1% of the time and images were graded an average score of 1.12 (SE 0.1) correlating to more than a “slight change.” Adipose tissue was reduced by 31.9% based on ultrasound measurements (p < 0.001). Subject satisfaction was high with an average satisfaction score of 7.8 (“satisfied”) out of 10. The overall pain over time on average was rated “hurts little bit.” Ninety percent of subjects reported either a mild, moderate, or significant improvement in their fat reduction and skin surface appearance. Almost 77% (76.7%) of subjects reported that they would recommend the treatment to a friend. There were six reports of adverse events related to the device during the study that were all transient and resolved rapidly.ConclusionA significant reduction of subcutaneous adipose tissue was measured after treatment with a combination of diode laser and vacuum assisted PEMF and RF. Treatment pain was low and tolerable, and subjects had high levels of satisfaction with the results.
Ankyloglossia: Clinical and Sociodemographic Predictors of Diagnosis and Management in the United States, 2004 to 2019
Authors: Wei Eric X. , Meister Kara D. , Balakrishnan Karthik , Cheng Alan G. , Qian Z. Jason 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe past 2 decades have seen a rapid increase in the diagnosis of ankyloglossia. Patients are often managed by lingual frenotomy. The objective is to define the clinical and socioeconomic factors that determine which patients receive frenotomy.Study DesignA retrospective analysis of commercially insured children.SettingOptum Data Mart database.MethodsTrends in frenotomy including provider and setting were described. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine predictors of frenotomy.ResultsDiagnosis of ankyloglossia increased from 2004 to 2019 (from 3377 in 2004 to 13,200 in 2019), while lingual frenotomy similarly increased from 1483 in 2004 to 6213 in 2019. The proportion of inpatient frenotomy procedures increased from 6.2% to 16.6% from 2004 to 2019, with pediatricians having the highest odds of performing inpatient frenotomies (odds ratio: 4.32, 95% confidence interval: 4.08, 4.57). Additionally, during the study period, the proportion of frenotomies performed by pediatricians increased from 13.01% in 2004 to 28.38% in 2019. In multivariate regression analyses, frenotomy was significantly associated with the male sex, white non‐Hispanic ethnicity, higher parental income and education, and a greater number of siblings.ConclusionAnkyloglossia has been increasingly diagnosed in the past 2 decades, and among patients with ankyloglossia, frenotomy is increasingly performed. This trend was driven at least in part due to increasing rates of pediatricians as proceduralists. After accounting for maternal and patient‐level clinical factors, socioeconomic differences in the management of ankyloglossia were observed.
Effects of incorporating dual task into repeated 6‐min walk test on balance and walking functions in patients with subacute stroke: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Jung In‐Hyup , Oh Duck‐Won 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the effects of incorporating dual task into a repeated 6‐min walk test (6MWT) on balance and walking functions in patients with subacute stroke.MethodsTwenty‐eight subacute stroke survivors were randomized into experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). EG and CG participated in dual task during the repeated 6MWT and the repeated 6‐min test, respectively, for twice a day, three times weekly over 4 weeks. Outcome assessments were measured pre‐ and post‐test using the 10‐m walk test (10MWT), timed up and go test (TUG), 6MWT, Berg balance scale (BBS), and the activities specific balance confidence scale (ABC).ResultsIn the between‐group comparison, change values in the 6MWT and ABC values between pre‐ and post‐test appeared to be significantly different (p < 0.05). In within‐group comparisons, the 10MWT, 6MWT, TUG, and ABC scores showed significant differences between pre‐ and post‐test values in two groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionRepeated 6MWT may be beneficial to enhance balance and walking functions in patients with subacute stroke, with more favorable effects when performing dual tasks.
Efficiency of inorganic fungicides against the formation of Erysiphe necator chasmothecia in vineyards
Authors: Möth Stefan , Redl Markus , Winter Silvia , Hüttner Florian , Steinkellner Siegrid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDA reduction in chasmothecia, an important inoculum of grape powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator Schwein.), is essential for disease control in vineyards; the use of fungicides during the formation of chasmothecia on vine leaves, late in the growing season, may accomplish this. Inorganic fungicides, such as sulphur, copper, and potassium bicarbonate, are very useful for this purpose because of their multisite mode of action. The aim of this study was to evaluate chasmothecia reduction using different fungicide applications late in the growing season in commercially managed vineyards and in an exact application trial.RESULTSChasmothecia on vine leaves were reduced in commercial vineyards by four copper (P = 0.01) and five potassium bicarbonate (P = 0.026) applications. The positive effect of potassium bicarbonate was also confirmed in the application trial, where two applications showed lower chasmothecia numbers than the control (P = 0.002).CONCLUSIONThe application of inorganic fungicides reduced the amount of chasmothecia as the primary inoculum source. Potassium bicarbonate and copper are of further interest for disease control as these fungicides can be used by organic and conventional wine growers. The application of these fungicides should be carried out as late as possible before harvest to reduce chasmothecia formation and, consequently, the potential for powdery mildew infestation in the subsequent season. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
3′‐end mRNA processing within apicomplexan parasites, a patchwork of classic, and unexpected players
Authors: Swale Christopher , Hakimi Mohamed‐Ali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe 3′‐end processing of mRNA is a co‐transcriptional process that leads to the formation of a poly‐adenosine tail on the mRNA and directly controls termination of the RNA polymerase II juggernaut. This process involves a megadalton complex composed of cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factors (CPSFs) that are able to recognize cis‐sequence elements on nascent mRNA to then carry out cleavage and polyadenylation reactions. Recent structural and biochemical studies have defined the roles played by different subunits of the complex and provided a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of this machinery in yeast or metazoans. More recently, the discovery of small molecule inhibitors of CPSF function in Apicomplexa has stimulated interest in studying the specificities of this ancient eukaryotic machinery in these organisms. Although its function is conserved in Apicomplexa, the CPSF complex integrates a novel reader of the N6‐methyladenosine (m6A). This feature, inherited from the plant kingdom, bridges m6A metabolism directly to 3′‐end processing and by extension, to transcription termination. In this review, we will examine convergence and divergence of CPSF within the apicomplexan parasites and explore the potential of small molecule inhibition of this machinery within these organisms.This article is categorized under:
RNA Processing > 3′ End Processing
RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
Magic fermions: Carroll and flat bands
Authors: Bagchi Arjun , Banerjee Aritra , Basu Rudranil , Islam Minhajul , Mondal Saikat 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Carroll algebra is constructed as the c → 0 limit of the Poincare algebra and is associated to symmetries on generic null surfaces. In this paper, we begin investigations of Carrollian fermions or fermions defined on generic null surfaces. Due to the availability of two different (degenerate) metrics on Carroll spacetimes, there is the possibility of two different versions of Carroll Clifford algebras. We consider both possibilities and construct explicit representations of Carrollian gamma matrices and show how to build higher spacetime dimensional representations out of lower ones. Actions for Carroll fermions are constructed with these gamma matrices and the properties of these actions are investigated.We show that in condensed matter systems where the dispersion relation becomes trivial i.e. the energy is not dependent on momentum and bands flatten out, Carroll symmetry generically appears. We give explicit examples of this including that of twisted bi-layer graphene, where superconductivity appears at so called magic angles and connect this to Carroll fermions.
Adiabatic Ground States in Non-smooth Spacetimes
Authors: Sanchez Sanchez Yafet , Schrohe Elmar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGround states are a well-known class of Hadamard states in smooth spacetimes. In this paper, we show that the ground state of the Klein–Gordon field in a non-smooth ultrastatic spacetime is an adiabatic state. The order of the state depends linearly on the regularity of the metric. We obtain the result by combining a propagation of singularities result for non-smooth pseudodifferential operators, properties of the causal propagator, and eigenvalue asymptotics for elliptic operators of low regularity.
Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of whole flours obtained from different species of Triticum genus
Authors: Grande Teresa , Souid Aymen , Ciardi Marco , Della Croce Clara Maria , Frassinetti Stefania , Bramanti Emilia , Longo Vincenzo , Pozzo Luisa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhole wheat is an exceptional source of phenolic compounds representing a promising phytochemical class to prevent diet-related chronic diseases thanks to its antioxidant activities. The present work reports the phenolic profile, the antioxidant capacity, the antimicrobial activity and the effect on Lactobacillus brevis growth of eight whole flours obtained from four ancient and modern wheat genotypes of Italian Triticum genus. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were quantified, and antioxidant activities were assessed using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in vitro tests. HPLC-DAD/FLD was used to detect the presence of phenolic compounds. Moreover, antimicrobial activity of whole flour extracts against some potentially pathogenic Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria and the effect of extracts on Lactobacillus brevis growth were assessed. Results showed quantitative differences (p < 0.05) in antioxidant activities, total phenolic content and concentrations of five phenolic acids (resorcinol, tyrosol, caffeic acid, syringic acid and ferulic acid) among the wheat genotypes. Pathogenic bacteria were significantly negatively affected by wheat extracts while the growth of L. brevis was stimulated. The principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed that the phenolic profile and the antioxidant activities were influenced by the genotypic characteristics of studied varieties, suggesting that the ancient Saragolla stand out for the most interesting phenolic profile. Overall, this research emphasizes how ancient and modern Italian Triticum spp. grains must be investigated to select the grains richer in bioactive compounds.
Graphical abstract
Glaucoma triage system: results of implementing a virtual clinic
Authors: Matos Diogo Bernardo , Barão Rafael Correia , José Patrícia , Cabrita Afonso , Barata André Diogo , Pinto Luís Abegão 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This study describes the virtual clinic triage system implementation process at Hospital Santa Maria—Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte (HSM-CHULN) and analyzes its results regarding healthcare outcomes for the patients and the system.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed, comparing two cohorts (pre-virtual cohort; virtual triage cohort). Outcomes related to waiting time, number of hospital visits, decisions at first contact, and ancillary exam–based decisions were reported.

Results
Two hundred and ninety-two charts were reviewed (pre-virtual cohort: 132; virtual cohort: 160). Mean waiting time between referral and the first medical contact with the glaucoma department decreased on average by 71.3 days (human contact: 286.6 days; virtual triage contact: 215.3 days). Triage system significantly decreased waiting time for glaucoma patients, with an average decrease of 326.8 days between referral and treatment decision. Triage staging allowed to label 107 (66.9; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 59.6%, 74.2%) as non-urgent; 30 (18.8%; 95% CI: 12.7%, 24.9%) as urgent, and 23 (14.3%; 95% CI: 8.9%, 19.7%) as immediate contact, with the scheduling of future appointments reflecting National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines in every patient. Moreover, the number of visits to perform the same exams and obtain the same clinical decisions was reduced by 63.6%.

Conclusion
Our virtual screening strategy significantly decreased waiting time, number of hospital visits, and increased chances of data-assisted clinical decision. While results can be further improved, this system can add value in an overburdened healthcare system, where triage systems with remote decision-making may be valuable tools in optimizing glaucoma care, even without allocation of extra resources.
Identification and genetic diversity of grapevine virus L in Greece
Authors: Panailidou P. , Galeou A. , Beris D. , Pappi P. , Theologidis I. , Tzagaki E. , Lotos L. , Varveri C. , Katis N. I. , Maliogka V. I. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, grapevine virus L (GVL) was identified for the first time in Greece through the application of high-throughput sequencing of total RNA from grapevine samples. Further investigation of the prevalence of GVL in Greek vineyards by RT-PCR revealed its presence in 5.5% (31/560) of the tested samples, which originated from six viticultural areas of the country. Comparative sequence analysis based on the CP gene revealed a high degree of genetic variability among GVL isolates, while phylogenetic analysis grouped the Greek isolates in three of the five phylogroups formed, with most of them being classified in phylogroup I.
From continuity to change: Soviet and Russian government attitudes on climate change (1989–2009)
Authors: Beuerle Benjamin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article studies successive Soviet and Russian government positions on climate change between the late 1980s and the Putin era. It thereby bridges a gap between expanding research on both the role of the Soviet Union in climate change science and diplomacy and on Russian climate change policy after the turn of the millennium. While far-reaching late Soviet plans for decisive participation in the groundbreaking Rio Earth Summit contrasted with the lack of priority accorded to it by Russia during a period of political and economic turmoil, this article argues that there was, before and after 1991, a remarkable continuity of real concern in government about anthropogenic climate change and its negative consequences, not least for the Soviet Union and Russia. This continuity of concern took form in 1989 and lasted for a decade. In contrast to the misleading picture presented to outside observers, notably by the highly visible Yuri Izrael’ and some of the Russian delegations at international climate conferences in the 1990s, a neglect of anthropogenic climate change and its dangers for Russia took hold in the Russian government only after Vladimir Putin came to power. A renewed official recognition of the dangers of anthropogenic climate change materialized only with the 2009 Climate Doctrine. However, until recently this recognition remained half-hearted in comparison with the clear government positions of the late 1980s and the 1990s.
Evaluation of the Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict chemical composition in Ulva ohnoi
Authors: Palou Anna , Jiménez Patricia , Casals Joan , Masaló Ingrid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGreen algae of the genus Ulva have been identified as suitable organisms for biomass production and good candidates for the development of seaweed blue-biotech industries. The fluctuation of chemical composition during the growth of the algae, which depends largely on environmental factors, makes the development of rapid phenotyping protocols necessary. In this work the efficacy of Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict dry matter, mineral fraction, nitrogen, and carbon contents directly from wet untreated samples and from dried samples was studied. Partial least square (PLS) models from spectra recorded on 80 samples were used to predict dry matter, and 44 samples to predict carbon, nitrogen and mineral fraction on a wet and dry weight basis. NIR models developed from spectra acquired on wet samples had good accuracy (R2>0.9) for the prediction of N (on a ww and dw basis) and C (on a ww basis). Models with lower R2 scores have been obtained for dry matter (R2=0.610) and MF (R2=0.506-0.693). The models developed to predict carbon and nitrogen directly on wet and untreated samples present NIRS as a valuable tool to determine these parameters in a rapid and low-cost way, allowing making decisions about the optimal harvesting time.
Word-order variation and coherence in German infinitival complementation
Authors: Bosch Sina , De Cesare Ilaria , Demske Ulrike , Felser Claudia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study provides a synthesis of corpus-based and experimental investigations of word-order preferences in German infinitival complementation. We carried out a systematic analysis of present-day German corpora to establish frequency distributions of different word-order options: extraposition, intraposition, and ‘third construction’. We then examined, firstly, whether and to what extent corpus frequencies and processing economy constraints can predict the acceptability of these three word-order variants, and whether subject raising and subject control verbs form clearly distinguishable subclasses of infinitive-embedding verbs in terms of their word-order behaviour. Secondly, our study looks into the issue of coherence by comparing acceptability ratings for monoclausal coherent and biclausal incoherent construals of intraposed infinitives, and by examining whether a biclausal incoherent analysis gives rise to local and/or global processing difficulty. Taken together, our results revealed that (i) whilst the extraposition pattern consistently wins out over all other word-order variants for control verbs, neither frequency nor processing-based approaches to word-order variation can account for the acceptability of low-frequency variants, (ii) there is considerable verb-specific variation regarding word-order preferences both between and within the two sets of raising and control verbs under investigation, and (iii) although monoclausal coherent intraposition is rated above biclausal incoherent intraposition, the latter is not any more difficult to process than the former. Our findings indicate that frequency of occurrence and processing-related constraints interact with idiosyncratic lexical properties of individual verbs in determining German speakers’ structural preferences.