bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancerogenic parasites in veterinary medicine: a narrative literature review
Authors: Fonti Niccolò , Parisi Francesca , Mancianti Francesca , Freer Giulia , Poli Alessandro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractParasite infection is one of the many environmental factors that can significantly contribute to carcinogenesis and is already known to be associated with a variety of malignancies in both human and veterinary medicine. However, the actual number of cancerogenic parasites and their relationship to tumor development is far from being fully understood, especially in veterinary medicine. Thus, the aim of this review is to investigate parasite-related cancers in domestic and wild animals and their burden in veterinary oncology. Spontaneous neoplasia with ascertained or putative parasite etiology in domestic and wild animals will be reviewed, and the multifarious mechanisms of protozoan and metazoan cancer induction will be discussed.
Pre-notifications increase retention in a 17-year follow-up of adolescents born very preterm
Authors: Helin Minttu , Karukivi Max , Rautava Päivi , Hirvonen Milka , Huhtala Mira , Setänen Sirkku ,   on behalf of the PIPARI Study Group, Ekblad Mikael , Ekblad Satu , Ekholm Eeva , Grönroos Linda , Haataja Leena , Haveri Laura , Joensuu Eveliina , Kero Pentti , Korja Riikka , Lahti Katri , Lapinleimu Helena , Lehtonen Liisa , Lehtonen Tuomo , Leppänen Marika , Lind Annika , Maunu Jonna , Munck Petriina , Mäkilä Eeva , Nyman Anna , Parkkola Riitta , Saarinen Katriina , Saarinen Tiina , Salomäki Susanna , Saunavaara Virva , Sillanpää Matti , Stolt Suvi , Uusitalo Karoliina , Ylijoki Milla 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
Retention is essential in follow-up studies to reduce missing data, which can cause bias and limit the generalizability of the results. We investigated whether pre-notification letters would increase the response rates of approval forms and questionnaires and reduce the need for post-notifications in a prospective follow-up study of 17-year-old adolescents.

Study design
and settings
This long-term follow-up study included 269 adolescents were randomized (1:1) into a pre-notification group (n = 132) and a no pre-notification group (n = 137). The pre-notification letter was sent prior to the approval form and questionnaires. The outcome measures were the response rates to the approval forms and questionnaires and the rate of post-notifications required.

Results
The adolescents who received the pre-notifications were more likely to return approval forms (n = 88/132, 67%) than the adolescents who did not receive the pre-notifications (n = 79/137, 58%) (OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.9–2.4). The rates of returned questionnaires were higher in the pre-notification group (n = 82/88, 93%) than in the no pre-notification group (n = 68/79, 86%) (OR 2.2, 95% CI 0.8–6.3). The adolescents who did not receive the pre-notifications were more likely to need the post-notifications than the adolescents who received the pre-notifications (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.4 to 6.5).

Conclusions
Pre-notifications decreased the need for post-notifications and may increase retention in 17-year-old adolescents. Based on our findings, pre-notification letters are recommended in future follow-up studies in adolescents.

Trial registration
The Ethics Review Committee of the Hospital District of South-West Finland approved the 17-year PIPARI Study protocol in January 2018 (23.1.2018; 2/180/2012). The study has been registered to the SWAT repository as SWAT 179. Filetoupload,1457904,en.pdf (qub.ac.uk).
Synthetic strategy towards novel composite based on substituted pyrido[2,1-b][1,3,4]oxadiazine-dialdehyde chitosan conjugate with antimicrobial and anticancer activities
Authors: Mohamed-Ezzat Reham A. , Hashem Amr H. , Dacrory Sawsan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSynthesis of new compounds that have biological activity is an indispensible issue in order to deal with the drug resistant bacteria. This wok reports preparation of a novel composite based on substituted pyrido[2,1-b][1,3,4] oxadiazine-dialdehyde chitosan (PODACs) conjugate. Firstly, a novel approach of synthesizing of a new substituted pyrido[2,1-b][1,3,4]oxadiazine-7-carboxylic acid (PO) is reported through reacting(Z)-N’-(1-(3-aminophenyl)ethylidene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide with (Z)-ethyl 2-cyano-3-(pyridin-3-yl)acrylate. Then Dialdehyde chitosan (DACs) has prepared via periodat oxidation of chitosan (Cs). The synthesized compounds have studied via various spectroscopic instruments to validate their chemical structure such as nuclear magnetic resonance 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The substituted pyrido [2,1-b][1,3,4]oxadiazine and the composite were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and unicellular fungi. The results revealed that, the composite exhibited promising antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis and C. albicans where inhibition zones were 19, 18, 36 and 20 mm respectively. Furthermore, the substituted pyrido [2,1-b][1,3,4]oxadiazine and the composite were evaluated for cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line as well as vero normal cell line. Results illustrated the prepared composite has anticancer activity against MCF7 where IC50 was 238 µg/ml.
Comparative risk of infections between JAK inhibitors versus TNF inhibitors among patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cohort study
Authors: Choi Se Rim , Shin Anna , Ha You-Jung , Lee Yun Jong , Lee Eun Bong , Kang Eun Ha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
To compare infectious risk between JAK inhibitors (JAKis) versus TNF inhibitors (TNFis) among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in Korea.

Methods
Using 2009–2019 Korea National Health Insurance Service database, we conducted a cohort study on RA patients initiating a JAKi or TNFi. The primary outcomes were herpes zoster (HZ), serious bacterial (SBI), and opportunistic infections (OI). Propensity-score fine-stratification (PSS) and weighting were applied to adjust for > 70 baseline covariates. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models comparing JAKi versus TNFi users.

Results
We included 2963 JAKi initiators PSS-weighted on 5169 TNFi initiators. During a follow-up of 1.16 years, the most frequent type of infections was HZ with incidence rate (IR) per 100 person-years of 11.54 and 4.88 in JAKi and TNFi users, respectively. The IR of SBI was 1.39 and 1.32, respectively. The OI was rare with a majority being tuberculosis and showed an IR of 0.11 and 0.49 in JAKi and TNFi users, respectively. The PSS-weighted HR (95% CI) for individual types of infections was 2.37 (2.00–2.80) for HZ, 1.04 (0.71–1.52) for SBI, and 0.25 (0.09–0.73) for OI.

Conclusions
This population-based cohort study on RA patients treated with JAKi or TNFi in Korea showed an exceptionally high IR of HZ in both treatment groups compared to that from Western countries, with an approximately doubled risk associated with JAKi versus TNFi use. The risk of SBI was comparable, but the risk of OI, particularly tuberculosis, was less among JAKi than TNFi initiators.
Therapy resistant urticaria as a long-term symptom of an incomplete Schnitzler syndrome
Authors: Puxkandl Viktoria , Currie Antonia , Hoetzenecker Wolfram , Altrichter Sabine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Recurring therapy resistant hives, accompanied by IgM-gammopathy, fever and joint pain can indicate Schnitzler syndrome, a rare autoimmune disorder. There is currently no approved treatment, but complete remission of symptoms can be induced with IL-1 antagonists.

Case presentation
A patient with a history of chronic urticaria presented frequently at the outpatient clinic with severe hives and was treated unsuccessfully with antihistamines and omalizumab. After several years, additional symptoms such as joint pain, recurrent fever, and IgM-gammopathy developed. After the diagnostic criteria for Schnitzler syndrome were met, treatment with anakinra was initiated and resulted in an improvement of the symptoms. Shortly after the first injection, the patient developed large and painful erythematous lesions at the injection sites, leading to discontinuation of treatment and a rapid recurrence of symptoms. Subsequently, treatment with a longer-acting IL-1 antagonist (canakinumab) was initiated, resulting in a complete remission of symptoms.

Conclusion
This case report demonstrates that patients with urticarial symptoms that are not relieved by typical treatments should prompt repeated reassessments of the diagnosis, even years later, because gammopathy and other diagnostic criteria for Schnitzler syndrome can occur with a delay.
Pemphigus vulgaris after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccination: a case report
Authors: Khalayli Naram , Omar Abdullah , Kudsi Mayssoun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
As many people worldwide have been vaccinated, more triggered autoimmune bullous diseases have been noticed. We reported a case of new-onset pemphigus Vulgaris after COVID-19 vaccinations.

Case presentation
A 50 years old Syrian female presented with multiple erosions on her extremities, in addition to oral erosions and genital ulcers, after the 2nd dose of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. The lesions were multiple tenders and well-defined, reddish erythematous oral ulcers. At the same time the Skin examination showed hyper-pigmented patches over the extremities, a sequel of ruptured bullae. Pemphigus Vulgaris was diagnosed by histology. She continued on 35 mg/day of prednisone for another 2 weeks.

Conclusions
Pemphigus is not a contraindication to vaccination, although it may be worse or present as a first onset.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Fusion of transformer and ML-CNN-BiLSTM for network intrusion detection
Authors: Xiang Zelin , Li Xuwei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNetwork intrusion detection system (NIDS) can effectively sense network attacks, which is of great significance for maintaining the security of cyberspace. To meet the requirements of efficient and accurate network status monitoring, a NIDS model using Transformer-based fusion deep learning architecture is proposed. Firstly, GAN-Cross is used to expand minority class sample data, thereby alleviating the issues of imbalanced minority class about the original dataset. Then, the Transformer module is used to adjust the ML-CNN-BiLSTM model to enhance the feature encoding ability of the intrusion model. Finally, the data enhancement model and feature enhancement model are integrated into the NIDS model, the detection model is optimized, the features of network state data are extracted at a deeper level, and the generalization ability of the detection model is enhanced. Some simulation experiments using UNSW-NB15 datasets show that the proposed fusion architecture can achieve efficient analysis of complex network traffic datasets, with an accuracy of 0.903, effectively improving the detection accuracy of NIDS and its ability to detect unknown attacks. The proposed model has good application value in ensuring the stable operation of network systems.
Optimizing task offloading and resource allocation in edge-cloud networks: a DRL approach
Authors: Ullah Ihsan , Lim Hyun-Kyo , Seok Yeong-Jun , Han Youn-Hee 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEdge-cloud computing is an emerging approach in which tasks are offloaded from mobile devices to edge or cloud servers. However, Task offloading may result in increased energy consumption and delays, and the decision to offload the task is dependent on various factors such as time-varying radio channels, available computation resources, and the location of devices. As edge-cloud computing is a dynamic and resource-constrained environment, making optimal offloading decisions is a challenging task. This paper aims to optimize offloading and resource allocation to minimize delay and meet computation and communication needs in edge-cloud computing. The problem of optimizing task offloading in the edge-cloud computing environment is a multi-objective problem, for which we employ deep reinforcement learning to find the optimal solution. To accomplish this, we formulate the problem as a Markov decision process and use a Double Deep Q-Network (DDQN) algorithm. Our DDQN-edge-cloud (DDQNEC) scheme dynamically makes offloading decisions by analyzing resource utilization, task constraints, and the current status of the edge-cloud network. Simulation results demonstrate that DDQNEC outperforms heuristic approaches in terms of resource utilization, task offloading, and task rejection.
A practical hybrid approach to the problem of surveying a working historical bell considering innovative measurement methods
Authors: Skrzypczak Izabela , Oleniacz Grzegorz , Leśniak Agnieszka , Mrówczyńska Maria , Rymar Marta , Oleksy Mariusz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The article proposes using a novel hybrid measurement method, with expected precision results, to determine the characteristic of the historic, 17th-century bell. In an interdisciplinary approach, modern and non-invasive physical and chemical measurement methods were used. Based on the monitoring (measurements and laser scanning), a three-dimensional geometric model was built to calculate the bell size and analyze its condition depending on material consumption. Next, chemical measures of the bell samples were carried out to determine the material properties. For that purpose, advanced precision microscopic techniques were used. Based on the geometric model and chemical studies, the material properties and density of the bronze were determined using additive assumptions. Measurement accuracy and data quality were evaluated statistically. The method allows reliably determining the bell's weight without needing to dismantle it or external intervention. The approach is helpful for practitioners performing conservation work on such objects.
Artificial intelligence and ChatGPT in Orthopaedics and sports medicine
Authors: Fayed Aly M. , Mansur Nacime Salomao Barbachan , de Carvalho Kepler Alencar , Behrens Andrew , D’Hooghe Pieter , de Cesar Netto Cesar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is looked upon nowadays as the potential major catalyst for the fourth industrial revolution. In the last decade, AI use in Orthopaedics increased approximately tenfold. Artificial intelligence helps with tracking activities, evaluating diagnostic images, predicting injury risk, and several other uses. Chat Generated Pre‐trained Transformer (ChatGPT), which is an AI‐chatbot, represents an extremely controversial topic in the academic community. The aim of this review article is to simplify the concept of AI and study the extent of AI use in Orthopaedics and sports medicine literature. Additionally, the article will also evaluate the role of ChatGPT in scientific research and publications.Level of evidence: Level V, letter to review.
Development, feasibility testing and perceived benefits of a new app to help with adherence to antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV in Brazil
Authors: Schaab Bruno Luis , Remor Eduardo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in many countries, people living with HIV still experience difficulties with treatment. We propose a new smartphone mobile application to assist in adherence to ART. This study aimed to describe this new mobile application’s development (content construction and usability), feasibility testing (recruitment, retention rates [attendance], satisfaction) and primary perceived benefits.

Methods
Two consecutive studies were conducted. First, people living with HIV, health care workers and experts in information technology provided feedback to improve the content and usability of the app. After changes in the app were implemented according to the feedback, a second study was performed to assess the feasibility and perceived benefits. Effects on self-reported adherence and perceived well-being were also assessed.

Results
Scores of participants (N = 11) showed differences in adherence (effect size .43) and well-being (effect size .45) after using the app. However, the differences did not reach statistical significance. Observing scores individually, six out of 11 participants improved their overall adherence scores, and seven out of 11 participants improved their perceived well-being scores. Recruitment was 95%, and attendance at sessions was 62.5%. In general, the participants were satisfied with the intervention and viewed the app as an informative tool.

Conclusion
The results are promising and allow us to recommend further studies with the app.
Comparative study of exclusive breastfeeding practice among employed mothers and housewives in Tanzania
Authors: Ngao Oscar D. , Mboineki Joanes Faustine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is a global concern as it is associated with infant protection against gastrointestinal infections, reduces newborn mortality and prevents a child from becoming overweight or obese. Even though some studies have reported high EBF practices among housewives compared to employed mothers, the influences of practices among the two groups are little documented.

Objectives
The study aimed at comparing the EBF among employed mothers and housewives in Tanzania.

Methodology
The study was a facility-based comparative cross-sectional study, with a sample size of 246 mothers of children less than 6 months. Convenience sampling was used to select participants. Data were collected by using a validated questionnaire and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Science, version 23, through descriptive statistics (frequency, proportion and mean) and inferential statistics (Chi-square test (χ2) and binary logistic regression).

Results
The findings show that 106 (80.9%) of housewives had good EBF compared to 78 (67.8%) employed mothers, which was a significant difference (χ2 = 5.57; P = 0.019). One hundred and seven (81.7%) housewives had adequate knowledge of EBF compared to 84 (73%) employed mothers, but the knowledge between them was not significantly different (χ2 = 2.63; P = 0.071). For employed mothers, only age was significantly associated with EBF (χ2 = 39.49; P = 0.006), while for housewives, none of the sociodemographic characteristics was significantly associated with EBF.

Conclusion
EBF practice was higher among housewives as compared to employed mothers. Age was significantly associated with good practice of EBF among employed mothers. The effort should be strengthened to help employed mothers aged below 28 years to practice EBF. Different programs and approaches that are developed and implemented should target this age group to increase the rate of EBF.
Combined evaluation of blood flow and tissue perfusion in diabetic feet by intra-arterial dynamic 4DCT imaging
Authors: Boonen Pieter T. , Buls Nico , Vandemeulebroucke Jef , Van Gompel Gert , Van Den Bergh Frans , Leiner Tim , Aerden Dimitri , de Mey Johan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCritical limb ischemia is associated with high mortality and major amputations. Intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA) has been the reference standard but has some shortcomings including the two-dimensional projection and the lack of tissue perfusion information. The aim of this exploratory study is to examine four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) angiography and perfusion imaging using low-volume intra-arterial contrast injections for an improved anatomic and hemodynamic assessment in patients with foot ulcers. Three patients underwent a low-volume (2 mL) intra-arterial contrast-enhanced 4DCT examination combined with a diagnostic IADSA. An automated assessment of blood flow and tissue perfusion from the 4DCT data was performed. Vascular structures and corresponding blood flows were successfully assessed and correlated well with the IADSA results. Perfusion values of the affected tissue were significantly higher compared to the unaffected tissue. The proposed 4DCT protocol combined with the minimal usage of contrast agent (2 mL) provides superior images compared to IADSA as three phases (arterial, perfusion, and venous) are captured. The obtained parameters could allow for an improved diagnosis of critical limb ischemia as both the proximal vasculature and the extent of the perfusion deficit in the microvasculature can be assessed.Relevance statementIntra-arterial 4DCT allows for assessing three phases (arterial, perfusion and venous) using minimal contrast (2 mL). This method could lead to an improved diagnosis of critical limb ischemia as both proximal vasculature and the extent of the perfusion deficit are assessed.Trial registrationISRCTN, ISRCTN95737449. Registered 14 March 2023—retrospectively registered, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN95737449Key points• Three phases (arterial, perfusion, and venous) are obtained from 2 mL intra-arterial 4DCT.• The obtained hemodynamic parameters correlated well with the IADSA findings.• 4DCT surpassed IADSA in terms of assessment of venous blood flow and inflammatory hyperperfusion.• The assessment of tissue perfusion could lead to optimizing the revascularization strategy.
Graphical Abstract
Potency and safety analysis of hemp delta-9 products: the hemp vs. cannabis demarcation problem
Authors: Johnson Lee , Malone Marc , Paulson Erik , Swider Josh , Marelius David , Andersen Susan , Black Dominic 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Hemp-derived delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9 THC) products are freely available for sale across much of the USA, but the federal legislation allowing their sale places only minimal requirements on companies. Products must contain no more than 0.3% ∆9 THC by dry weight, but no limit is placed on overall dosage and there is no requirement that products are tested. However, some states—such as Colorado—specifically prohibit products created by “chemically modifying” a natural hemp component.

Methods
Fifty-three ∆9 THC products were ordered and submitted to InfiniteCAL laboratory for analysis. The lab analysis considered potency, the presence of impurities, and whether the ∆9 THC present was natural or converted from CBD. The presence of age verification, company-conducted testing, and warning labels was also considered.

Results
While 96.2% of products were under the legal ∆9 THC limit, 66.0% differed from their stated dosage by more than 10%, and although 84.9% provided a lab report to customers, 71.1% of these did not check for impurities. Additionally, 49% of products converted CBD to THC to achieve their levels, and only 15.1% performed age verification at checkout.

Conclusions
Despite some positive findings, the results show that hemp ∆9 THC companies offer inaccurately labeled products that contain more THC than would be allowed in adult-use states. This raises serious issues around consumer safety, and consent when consuming intoxicating products. Steps to boost accountability for companies must be considered by either the industry or lawmakers if intoxicating hemp products are to remain on the market safely.