bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of inflammatory and nutritional markers in perioperative period for patients with advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Ruolan , Hu Can , Zhang Jiaqing , Zhang Yanqiang , Yuan Li , Yu Pengcheng , Wang Yi , Bao Zhehan , Cao Mengxuan , Ruan Rongwei , Cheng Xiangdong , Xu Zhiyuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
It has been reported that inflammatory and nutritional markers are related to prognosis in numerous malignancies. The present study analyzed the significance of these markers’ alterations during neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the long-term outcomes in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Methods
A retrospective review was performed of 437 advanced gastric cancer patients who underwent a neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) regimen followed by surgical treatment. Inflammatory and nutritional markers measured from the blood samples collected from the patients before the first neoadjuvant chemotherapy and after the last neoadjuvant chemotherapy were used for analysis. Statistical analysis, including Mann-Whitney U or chi-square tests, the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox multivariate analysis, were performed to analyze the predictive value of these markers for overall survival outcomes (OS).

Results
Most biomarkers, including lymphocyte, leucocyte, neutrophil, monocyte, platelet, LMR, PLR, SII, CRP, CAR, hemoglobulin and albumin levels, changed during NACT (P <  0.05). After separately grouping the patients based on the normal range of hematologic indexes and the change rate (α) of systemic inflammatory and nutritional markers by the cutoff value derived from X-tile (P <  0.05), we found that differentiation, TRG, pre-NACT BMI, pre-NACT platelet counts, post-NACT lymphocyte counts, the change in lymphocyte counts, change in platelet counts and LMR(α), PLR(α), SII(α), and CAR(α) were associated with OS. Multivariate analysis revealed that PLR (α) > − 19% was correlated with a 3.193-fold (95% CI: 2.194–4.649) higher risk of death (P <  0.001) than others.

Conclusion
NACT could significantly change several inflammatory and nutritional markers in the perioperative period; the platelet counts before NACT, and the change in lymphocytes during NACT truly correlated with long-term outcomes among patients with advanced gastric cancer. The systemic inflammatory marker PLR may be a reliable marker for the prediction of prognosis.
Pentacam corneal topography and densitometry features of PCOS patients
Authors: Cengiz Ozturk Tugce Gizem , Akcam Hanife Tuba , Ellibes Kaya Aski 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate corneal topography and densitometry features in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and compare them with healthy individuals.

Methods
53 eyes of 53 female patients diagnosed with PCOS and 53 eyes of 53 age-matched female volunteers were analyzed in the study. In addition to the detailed ophthalmological and gynecological examination, anterior segment analysis was performed using Pentacam. A complete analysis of aberrometric, keratometric, topometric, and, densitometric values between the groups was performed, and the results were outlined.

Results
According to the results, although Kmax-front, Kmean-front, ISV, IVA, IHA, BAD_D and PI-Avg values were slightly higher in PCOS group along with a slight thinning in the thinnest location, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Moreover, correlation analysis between PCOS clinical parameters and keratometric/topometric/aberrometric data were found to be almost normal. Yet, when Pentacam tomography maps of all cases are examined in detail, mild ectatic changes were observed in 5 cases in PCOS group. Furthermore, a significant increase in thickness across all densitometry values except anterior (10–12 mm), central (10–12 mm), and total (10–12 mm) was found in PCOS group.

Conclusions
Our study showed that an intensification of corneal densitometry values ​​and various changes in keratometry data implying ectasia can be observed in patients with PCOS. Prospective studies with larger patient series are needed to reveal any potential relationship between PCOS and corneal abnormalities.
An online tiered screening procedure to identify mental health problems among refugees
Authors: Meurling Jennifer , Rondung Elisabet , Leiler Anna , Wasteson Elisabet , Andersson Gerhard , Richards Derek , Shahnavaz Shervin , Bjärtå Anna 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Many refugees suffer from mental health problems due to stressful and traumatic events before, during, and after migration. However, refugees are facing a wide variety of barriers, limiting their access to mental health care. Internet-based tools, available in several languages, could be one way to increase the availability of mental health services for refugees. The present study aimed to develop and test a screening tool to screen for clinically relevant symptoms of psychiatric disorders common among refugees (i.e. Depression, Anxiety, Post-traumatic stress disorder, and Insomnia). We, designed, translated, and adapted an internet-based tiered screening procedure suitable for use with the largest refugee populations residing in Sweden. The tool aims to accurately identify symptoms of mental distress (Tier 1), differentiate between symptoms of specific psychiatric disorders (Tier 2), and assess symptom severity (Tier 3). We tested the overall efficiency of using a tiered screening procedure.

Methods
Seven hundred fifty-seven refugees residing in Sweden, speaking any of the languages Arabic, Dari, Farsi, English, or Swedish, completed an online questionnaire following a three-tiered procedure with screening instruments for each tier. In this study, the Tier 3 scales were used as reference standards for clinically relevant symptoms, to evaluate screening efficiency in terms of accuracy and reduction of item burden in previous tiers.

Results
The results show that the tiered procedure could reduce the item burden while maintaining high accuracy, with up to 86% correctly assessed symptoms and few false negatives with moderate symptoms and above (at most 9%), and very few with severe symptoms (at most 1.3%).

Discussion
This study generated an accurate screening tool that efficiently identifies clinically relevant symptoms of common psychiatric disorders among refugees. Using an adapted online tiered procedure to screen for multiple mental health issues among refugees has the potential to facilitate screening and increase access to mental health services for refugees. We discuss the utility of the screening tool and the necessity of further evaluation.
Psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Cognitive Reserve Assessment Scale in Health in patients with cancer
Authors: Liu Hong , Li Yanyan , Li Yang , Wang Jianwen , Su Na , Cui Naixue , Xu Kun , Sun Yaoyao , Cao Fenglin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cognitive reserve is a modifiable factor that could prevent cognitive decline in patients with cancer. The Cognitive Reserve Assessment Scale in Health (CRASH) is an instrument used to assess cognitive reserve. This study aims to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the CRASH for patients with cancer.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 167 cancer patients from four wards of two hospitals in China. Thirty-one patients were re-assessed to examine the test-retest reliability. Four translators and three reviewers developed the Chinese version of the scale. We assessed its structural validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, measurement error, and floor/ceiling effects.

Results
Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit with the four-factor structure of the original CRASH. The CRASH scores were statistically significantly associated with neuropsychological test scores, indicating sufficient concurrent validity. The internal consistency was acceptable, except for leisure activities, with standardized Cronbach’s alphas (0.64–0.94) and standardized Omega (0.66–0.95). There was excellent test-retest reliability, with a high intraclass correlation coefficient (0.914–0.993) of total scores and scores for each domain. The measurement error was acceptable, and no floor or ceiling effects were observed.

Conclusions
The Chinese version of the CRASH is a valid and reliable instrument to assess cognitive reserve in patients with cancer. Moreover, cognitive reserve measured by the CRASH was associated with low cognitive performance in cancer patients.
A traveling SARS-CoV-2 laboratory as part of a pandemic response among vulnerable Brazilian populations
Authors: Elias Maria Carolina , Slavov Svetoslav Nanev , Lima Alex Ranieri Jeronimo , Martins Antonio Jorge , Barros Claudia Renata dos Santos , Moretti Debora Botequio , Araujo Eduardo L. , Marqueze Elaine Cristina , Ribeiro Gabriela , Ribeiro Gabriela Mauric Frossard , Bernardino Jardelina Souza Todao , Koser Jaqueline Reginato , Clemente Luan Gaspar , Crispin Luiz Aurelio Campos , Alcantara Luiz Carlos Junior , Coutinho Luiz Lehmann , Giovanetti Marta , Silva Quetura Oliveira , Neto Raul Machado , Haddad Ricardo , Kashima Simone , Viala Vincent Louis , Covas Dimas Tadeu , Sampaio Sandra Coccuzzo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Brazil has been dramatically hit by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and is a world leader in COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Additionally, the largest country of Latin America has been a continuous source of SARS-CoV-2 variants and shows extraordinary variability of the pandemic strains probably related to the country´s outstanding position as a Latin American economical and transportation hub. Not all regions of the country show sufficient infrastructure for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and genotyping which can negatively impact the pandemic response.

Methods
Due to this reason and to disburden the diagnostic system of the inner São Paulo State, the Butantan Institute established the Mobile Laboratory (in Portuguese: LabMovel) for SARS-CoV-2 testing which started a trip of the most important “hotspots” of the most populous Brazilian region. The LabMovel initiated in two important cities of the State: Aparecida do Norte (an important religious center) and the Baixada Santista region which incorporates the port of Santos, the busiest in Latin America. The LabMovel was fully equipped with an automatized system for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and sequencing/genotyping. It also integrated the laboratory systems for patient records and results divulgation including in the Federal Brazilian Healthcare System.

Results
Currently,16,678 samples were tested, among them 1,217 from Aparecida and 4,564 from Baixada Santista. We tracked the delta introductio in the tested regions with its high diversification. The established mobile SARS-CoV-2 laboratory had a major impact on the Public Health System of the included cities including timely delivery of the results to the healthcare agents and the Federal Healthcare system, evaluation of the vaccination status of the positive individuals in the background of exponential vaccination process in Brazil and scientific and technological divulgation of the fieldwork to the most vulnerable populations.

Conclusions
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has demonstrated worldwide the importance of science to fight against this viral agent and the LabMovel shows that it is possible to integrate researchers, clinicians, healthcare workers and patients to take rapid actions that can in fact mitigate this and other epidemiological situations.
Prevention and the treatment of oral mucositis: the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate vs other agents: a systematic review
Authors: Di Fede O. , Canepa F. , Maniscalco L. , Tozzo P. , Matranga D. , Giuliana G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Oral mucositis (OM) is a major side effect of cancer therapy, which is associated with significant symptoms, treatment delays and increased costs for the health system. It is an important component of the quality of life of cancer patients and, until now, there has been no gold standard regarding prevention or treatment of this pathology. Notwithstanding the paucity of treatment guidelines (due to limited evidence from high-quality, rigorous studies), sodium bicarbonate (SB) rinses are one of the most used agents for OM management.

Objectives
A systematic review (2000–2022) was performed in order to compare and examine different agents versus sodium bicarbonate (SB) in preventing or treating OM.

Sources
Eleven randomized controlled trials (RCT) were evaluated: four were conducted for the prevention and seven for the management of OM. The risk of bias of RCTs was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials.

Study selection
According to the RoB2 evaluation for randomized trials, four RCTs were judged to be at a high risk of bias, two were rated as ‘problematic’, while five were deemed to be a low risk of bias.

Conclusions
The results revealed that there was no evidence for supporting SB in OM treatment regarding management and prevention.

Clinical significance
Results showed in this review takes on a strategic importance in the use of SB for OM management or prevention; indiscriminate use of SB could be counterproductive because it causes a sudden pH increase and it delays proper OM pharmacological treatment.
Oxymatrine ameliorates myocardial injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1 and JAK/STAT pathways in type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Huang Yongpan , He Bin , Song Chong , Long Xian , He Jianbin , Huang Yansong , Liu Lijing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe necessity of increasing the efficiency of organ preservation has encouraged researchers to explore the mechanisms underlying diabetes-related myocardial injuries. This study intended to evaluate the protective effects of oxymatrine (OMT) in myocardial injury caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus. A model of diabetic rats was established to simulate type 2 diabetes mellitus using an intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin with a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet, and diabetic rats were subsequently treated with OMT (60, 120 mg/kg) by gavage for 8 weeks. Thereafter, diabetic rats demonstrated notable decreases in left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), ±dp/dtmax, and in the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Moreover, we found notable increases in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, fasting blood glucose, and malondialdehyde, as well as changes in cell apoptosis and decreased expression levels of Nrf2, HO-1, tyrosine protein kinase JAK (JAK), and signal transducer and transcription activator (STAT). Treatment with OMT alleviated all of the measured parameters. Collectively, these findings suggest that activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibition of the JAK/STAT signaling are involved in mediating the cardioprotective effects of OMT and also highlight the benefits of OMT in ameliorating myocardial injury in diabetic rats.
How health care professionals handle limited resources in primary care – an interview study
Authors: Holmér Suzana , Nedlund Ann- Charlotte , Thomas Kristin , Krevers Barbro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Health care systems around the world are struggling with limited resources, in relation to the prevailing health care need. An accessible primary care is an important part of the solution for how to provide affordable care for the population and reduce pressure on the overall health care system such as unnecessary hospital stays and associated costs. As primary care constitutes an important first line of healthcare, the task of prioritising and deciding what to do and for whom lies in practice, primarily with the primary care professionals. Thus, the decisions and behaviour of primary care professionals have a central role in achieving good and equal health in the population. The aim of this study is to explore how primary health care professionals handle situations with limited resources and enhance our knowledge of priorities in practice.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews with 14 health care professionals (7 nurses, 7 physicians) working in Swedish primary care were interviewed. Data were analysed inductively with content analysis.

Findings
Three main categories were found: Influx of patients; Structural conditions; and Actions. Each category illustrates an important aspect for what primary care professionals do to achieve good and equal care. The influx of patients concerned what the professionals handled in terms of patients’ healthcare needs and patient behaviour. Structural conditions consisted of policies and goals set for primary care, competence availability, technical systems, and organisational culture. To handle situations due to limited resources, professionals performed different actions: matching health care needs with professionals’ competency, defining care needs to suit booking systems appointments, giving care at the inappropriate health care level, rearranging workhours, and passing on the decision making.

Conclusion
Priorities in primary care are not, “one fits all” solution. Our study shows that priorities in primary care comprise of ongoing daily processes that are adapted to the situation, context of patient influx, and structural conditions. Healthcare professional’s actions for how influx of patients’ is handled in relation to limited resources, are created, and shaped within this context which also sets the boundaries for their actions.
Traditional knowledge of plants used in hunting and fishing practices among Baka hunter-gatherers of eastern Cameroon
Authors: Fongnzossie Evariste Fedoung , Ngansop Marlène Tounkam , Oishi Takanori , Biwole Achille Bernard , Biye Elvire Hortense , Ichikawa Mitsuo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Baka hunter-gatherers have a well-developed traditional knowledge of using plants for a variety of purposes including hunting and fishing. However, comprehensive documentation on the use of plants for hunting and fishing in eastern Cameroon is still lacking.

Method
This study aimed at recording plants used for hunting and fishing practices, using focus group discussion, interviews and field surveys with 165 Baka members (90 men and 75 women) of different age groups in 6 villages.

Results
The most frequent techniques used for hunting and fishing are the use of animal traps, fishing lines, dam fishing, hunting with dogs and spear hunting. We recorded a total of 176 plant species used in various hunting practices, the most frequently cited one being Zanthoxylum gilletii (De Wild.) P.G.Waterman, Greenwayodendron suaveolens (Engl. & Diels) Verdc., Microcos coriacea (Mast.) Burret, Calamus deërratus G.Mann & H.Wendl. and Drypetes sp. These plants are used for a variety of purposes, most frequently as hunting luck, psychoactive for improving the dog’s scent and capacity for hunting, materials for traps, and remedies for attracting animals and for making the hunter courageous.

Conclusion
Plants used for hunting purposes here are embedded in a complex ecological and cultural context based on morphological characteristics, plant properties and local beliefs. This study provides a preliminary report and leaves room for further investigations to improve the documentation of the traditional knowledge systems of the studied community.
Testing the effects of mass drug administration of azithromycin on mortality and other outcomes among 1–11-month-old infants in Mali (LAKANA): study protocol for a cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, parallel-group, three-arm clinical trial
Authors: Adubra Laura , Alber Dagmar , Ashorn Per , Ashorn Ulla , Cheung Yin Bun , Cloutman-Green Elaine , Diallo Fatoumata , Ducker Camilla , Elovainio Riku , Fan Yue-Mei , Gates Lily , Gruffudd Gwydion , Haapaniemi Tiia , Haidara Fadima , Hallamaa Lotta , Ihamuotila Rikhard , Klein Nigel , Luoma Juho , Martell Owen , Sow Samba , Vehmasto Taru ,   LAKANA Trial Team
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Mass drug administration (MDA) of azithromycin (AZI) has been shown to reduce under-5 mortality in some but not all sub-Saharan African settings. A large-scale cluster-randomized trial conducted in Malawi, Niger, and Tanzania suggested that the effect differs by country, may be stronger in infants, and may be concentrated within the first 3 months after treatment. Another study found no effect when azithromycin was given concomitantly with seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). Given the observed heterogeneity and possible effect modification by other co-interventions, further trials are needed to determine the efficacy in additional settings and to determine the most effective treatment regimen.

Methods
LAKANA stands for Large-scale Assessment of the Key health-promoting Activities of two New mass drug administration regimens with Azithromycin. The LAKANA trial is designed to address the mortality and health impacts of 4 or 2 annual rounds of azithromycin MDA delivered to 1–11-month-old (29–364 days) infants, in a high-mortality and malaria holoendemic Malian setting where there is a national SMC program. Participating villages (clusters) are randomly allocated in a ratio of 3:2:4 to three groups: placebo (control):4-dose AZI:2-dose AZI. The primary outcome measured is mortality. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) will be monitored closely before, during, and after the intervention and both among those receiving and those not receiving MDA with the study drugs. Other outcomes, from a subset of villages, comprise efficacy outcomes related to morbidity, growth and nutritional status, outcomes related to the mechanism of azithromycin activity through measures of malaria parasitemia and inflammation, safety outcomes (AMR, adverse and serious adverse events), and outcomes related to the implementation of the intervention documenting feasibility, acceptability, and economic aspects. The enrolment commenced in October 2020 and is planned to be completed by the end of 2022. The expected date of study completion is December 2024.

Discussion
If LAKANA provides evidence in support of a positive mortality benefit resulting from azithromycin MDA, it will significantly contribute to the options for successfully promoting child survival in Mali, and elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04424511. Registered on 11 June 2020.