bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) of Digested Sewage Sludge (DSS) at Laboratory Pilot Scale using Experimental Design
Authors: Hegdahl Stian Hersvik , Ghoreishi Solmaz , Løhre Camilla , Barth Tanja 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A common perspective within the prospect of a green future is utilising our waste materials. One waste material of which the world has abundant resources, and where we will keep having resources, is sewage sludge. This waste material is getting an increased focus, and is commonly utilised by anaerobic digestion processes for methane production. This leaves a bioresidue of digested sewage sludge (DSS). In this study, DSS is submitted to hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) to produce bio-oil. The studied process includes upscaling as well as considering the effects of temperature, reaction medium of water or ethanol, degree of reactor filling and stirring rate. Promising results are found as high oil yields are obtained also after upscaling. The results reported here show that stirring reduces the need of high temperatures during HTL, providing energy savings that are promising for further upscaling. In addition, a total of 18 compounds are identified and semi-quantified, showing an abundance of fatty acids and fatty acid derivatives within the oil, encouraging further studies towards separation of said fatty acids for use as biodiesel.
A Study on the adoption of Threat Prevention and Proactive Threat Monitoring Technologies for Securing the Information Technology Assets in India
Authors: Prasad S. Guru , Badrinarayanan M. K. , Sharmila V. Ceronmani 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

World over, organisations are, facing threat of data breaches and system and network compromises. Growing threats to the Data, Network and Systems puts pressure on the organisations to deploy right set people, process, technologies and solutions to prevent such threats. Prevention of threats to Information technology assets is an important task in every organisation. This article aims to study if the Chief Information Security officers have taken adequate steps and measures to handle the threats. This article aims to study if they have deployed threat prevention measures and/or using proactive threat monitoring and management measures.
Time-varying thermoelastic coupling analysis of heat source of ball screw feed drive system
Authors: Wu Huayang , Li Jiejing , Liu Haixu , Zuo Dunwen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Friction heat generation of ball screw nut pair may lead to changes in the contact state between ball and raceway. Different contact states may result in a change in the intensity of the heat source of the nut pair, which in turn affects the contact state again until a certain balance is reached. At present, the time-varying research of the heat source of the screw nut pair is mainly carried out from the boundary conditions and the location of the heat source, without considering the influence of the internal structure change of ball screw nut pair. In order to fill this gap, a time-varying thermoelastic coupling analysis method for heat source of screw nut pair is proposed. In this paper, the contact model of ball and raceway is established by the elastic theory of plane strain, and the theoretical solution of the contact point displacement of ball raceway under thermal influence is derived by combining with the thermoelastic theory. Then, through the method of polygon equivalence of ball and raceway profile, the contact angle variation process of ball and raceway under the coupling effect of heat and structure was described geometrically, and the variation rule of heat source intensity was further obtained. In addition, the nut temperature variation rule was obtained through the temperature field experiment of the screw nut pair. The temperature variation curve of the nut pair under heat source induction in the actual working condition was fitted after the temperature drop data and the ambient temperature data were processed. By comparing the theoretical temperature variation curve under constant heat source induction, the heat source variation curve of the nut pair under the actual working condition was finally fitted. The correctness of the thermoelastic theory analysis is further verified. The method proposed in this paper analyzes the variation law of the heat source intensity from both theoretical and experimental perspectives, which has important reference significance for the study of the thermal characteristics of the ball screw system.
The Protective Role of Glutathione on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Human Cardiac Progenitor Cells
Authors: Lee Eun Ji , Jang Woong Bi , Choi Jaewoo , Lim Hye ji , Park Sangmi , Rethineswaran Vinoth Kumar , Ha Jong Seong , Yun Jisoo , Hong Young Joon , Kwon Sang-Mo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin (DOX) is an important issue to consider for both patients and doctors who require DOX. DOX-induced cardiotoxicity is closely associated with cardiomyocyte death and dysfunction. To prevent DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, many studies have been conducted on new therapeutic strategies, including the discovery of novel functional modulators such as antioxidant drugs to restore the loss of function of transplanted or residual cardiac cells in the heart. We investigated whether glutathione (GSH), an antioxidant drug, has a protective effect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by decreasing ROS and unraveling the underlying molecular mechanisms. GSH clearly increased the viability of damaged human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) treated with DOX. In addition, ROS generation and apoptosis induced by DOX treatment were significantly reduced. We also observed that GSH restored the capacity of hCPCs, as shown by the wound healing assay, transwell migration, and tube formation. We checked that GSH treatment restored the level of pERK, which increased in the DOX-treated group. The ERK inhibitor, U0126, increased the viability of damaged hCPCs. These data suggest that the restoration mechanism of GSH may be via the regulation of pERK signaling. We confirmed the effects of DOX and GSH using an in vivo model. As a result, GSH was confirmed to have a protective effect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity through body weight, survival rate, histology, and mRNA level. Taken together, GSH prevents DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and regulates pERK signaling. GSH may be an effective therapeutic strategy for DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
A repurposed drug combination (VaN) inhibits free light chain secretion and triggers the terminal unfolded protein response (UPR) in multiple myeloma (MM)
Authors: Jiang Yao , Down Jennifer M. , Maynard Suzanne , Jenkins Sian , Ferritti Lauren , Beke Flavio , Al-Hazmi Bader , Southam Andrew D. , Kvist Jouni , Mirbahai Leda , Besse Lenka , Bunce Chris M. , Drayson Mark T. , Lawson Michelle A. , Khanim Farhat 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Renal impairment (RI) caused by deposition of Multiple myeloma (MM) derived free light chains (FLC), is associated with worse MM patient outcomes. Reciprocally, early reduction of serum-FLC improves survival. Proteasome inhibitors (PIs), which target immunoglobulin production in MM, have improved MM survival times but PI-resistance is a major problem. Therefore, novel treatments that target MM cell survival and block FLC secretion are urgently required.
Methods
MM cell lines and primary cells were treated with VaN with and without PIs and responses assessed using cell viability, annexin V and caspase flow cytometry assays. Autophagy induction was assessed using LC3 westerns. Drug effects on FLC expression was measured using intracellular flow cytometry, qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Secretion of FLC in vitro, and in an NSG mouse JJN3-xenograft model was assessed by ELISA. VaN-induced mitochondrial stress was measured using fluorescence probes for mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Total RNA sequencing identified modulation of the unfolded protein response by VaN which was validated by western blotting, immunoprecipitations, and immunofluorescence.
Results
VaN had potent, selective and multifactorial anti-MM activity, including targeting MM cell mitochondrial function and induction of oxidative stress. Importantly, VaN treatment resulted in a rapid and sustained inhibition of FLC secretion in MM cell lines, primary MM samples and in an NSG- xenograft model. VaN induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and activation of the terminal unfolded protein response (UPR) mediated through IRE1α/XBP1 and phosphorylation of PERK. Combining VaN with low doses of the PIs bortezomib (BTZ) or carfilzomib (CFZ) significantly enhanced induction of the UPR, producing higher levels of the terminal UPR protein CHOP and greater MM cell killing. Furthermore, VaN was able to successfully restore induction of CHOP protein expression, terminal UPR and cell killing in BTZ- and CFZ resistant AMO1 MM cells.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate potent anti-MM activity against both PI-sensitive and PI-resistant MM cells. Of particular clinical importance was the ability of VaN to also rapidly and sustainably inhibit FLC secretion. Given the good safety profiles of each drug, we propose VaN as a novel anti-MM therapy with potential in PI-refractory disease and for frailer MM patients.
Network pharmacology-based mechanism prediction and pharmacological validation of Bushenhuoxue formula attenuating postmenopausal osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice
Authors: Xia Chenjie , Zhu Haowei , Li Jin , Jin Hongting , Fu Danqing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Bushenhuoxue (BSHX) formula, a ten-compound herbal decoction, is widely used to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) in China. However, the mechanism is not clear yet.
Methods: The underlying biological processes and signaling pathways were predicted by network pharmacology. In vivo experimental study, 24 female C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into sham, ovariectomized (OVX), and BSHX formula groups. Mice in the latter two groups were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy, and mice in the BSHX formula group were extra treated by BSHX formula at an oral dosage of 0.2 mL/10 g for 8 weeks. The femur samples were harvested for tissue analyses including μCT assay, histology and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of VEGF signaling.
Results: A total of 218 active ingredients and 274 related targets were identified in BSHX formula. After matching with 292 targets of PMOP, 64 overlapping genes were obtained. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses on these 64 genes revealed that angiogenesis and VEGF signaling were considered as the potential therapeutic mechanism of BSHX formula against PMOP. Animal experiments showed that mice in the BSHX formula treated group presented increased bone mass, microstructural parameters, blood vessel numbers and an activation of VEGF signaling (VEGF, COX2, eNOS and CD31) compared to the OVX mice.
Conclusion: This study revealed that BSHX formula exerts anti-PMOP effects possibly through activating VEGF signaling-mediated angiogenesis.
Digging on the Mechanism of Some Diels-Alder Reactions. The Role of the Reaction Electronic Flux
Authors: Hernández-Mancera Jennifer Paola , Vivas-Reyes Ricardo , Gutiérrez-Oliva Soledad , Herrera Barbara , Toro-Labbé Alejandro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Within the framework of the reaction force analysis, the Marcus Potential Energy Function as well as the Activation Strain Model are characterized and used to rationalize the energetics of some representative Diels-Alder reactions involving three substituted furandione as dienophile, and a chiral anthracene, as diene. The analysis of reaction barriers indicates that the activation process of the reactions is dominated by the structural rearrangements of reactants which are mainly driven by the approach of diene to the dienophile. On the other hand, the electronic activity taking place along the reaction coordinate have been analyzed through the reaction electronic flux. It has been found that the electronic activity that emerge more intensively within the transition state region, is mainly due to electronic transfer effects, due to the breaking and forming π bonds. Although polarization is also present but to a lesser extent.
Analysis of dynamics of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Elbaz Islam M. , Sohaly M. A. , El-Metwally H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a new stochastic mathematical model for the spread of COVID-19 is formulated. First, we show the well-posedness of the proposed new stochastic mathematical model, then we investigate the stochastic dynamics of the spread of this virus in the sense of the mean-square. Conditions of extinction and persistence are obtained. Some numerical simulations are performed to strengthen the theoretical results. The sensitivity of the model with respect to the parameters involved in the system is shown to investigate the most sensitive parameter toward the highest number of infected individuals. The results reveal the mechanisms that influence the transmission and control of the disease besides the prediction and this, in turn, will be very useful for understanding the pattern of COVID-19 and other epidemic models.
WITHDRAWN: Green Leadership and Environmental Policies Support
Authors: Jatana Ajay 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

This paper aimed to study the role of green leadership toward environmental policies support in university. Furthermore, this study investigated the influence of green leadership toward environmental policies support and discussed the mediation effect of Green Self efficacy, Green Mindfulness, organization identity and environmental responsibility. The number of Population sample in this research was taken from 1,456 lecturers and staff of Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia. Total sample in this research is 312 respondents. Structural Equation Models (SEM) was used in this research to develop the model of green leadership role toward environmental policies support of Lecturer and Staff in the University. This study found that green leadership had significant influences toward environmental policies support, environmental responsibility, green mindfulness and green self-efficacy but had insignificant influence toward organizational identity. Path analysis showed strong mediation effect of environmental responsibility and green mindfulness, but had a weak mediation from organizational identity and green self-efficacy. Finally, this study concluded that the role of green leadership in influencing environmental responsibility and green mindfulness was required to be enhanced in order to increase the support of environmental policies at the university. Further study needs to be carried out to determine the effect of green leadership on green performance and green behavior in organizations.
Beware of my face: The role of facial configuration in predator recognition
Authors: Antonová Kateřina , Fišer Ondřej , Veselý Petr , Syrová Michaela , Fuchs Roman 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The important role of facial elements (hooked beak and conspicuous eye colour) in the recognition of avian predators has been repeatedly demonstrated. However, no attention has yet been paid to the importance of their canonical configuration i.e., the relative position of the eyes and beak. In our study, we tested the ability of untrained wild tits to recognise a dangerous predator (a sparrowhawk) with inverted eye and beak positions (invert dummy) and with one eye above and one below the beak (inline dummy) in aviary experiments. A dummy of a sparrowhawk with its head devoid of eyes and beak (empty dummy) served as a baseline alongside dummies of an unmodified sparrowhawk and a pigeon (as a harmless control). The experiment was carried out in two variants, with the complete dummy of the sparrowhawk visible and with the body of the dummy hidden in the bushes, from which only the head was visible. The tits showed no more fear towards the eyeless and beakless dummy than they did towards the pigeon. Towards the dummy with the modified configuration, the tits showed no less fear than towards the unmodified sparrowhawk, but in the case of the variant with an eye above and below the beak, their behaviour was different and can be interpreted as increased fear but also as surprise. Thus, the tits perceive a disturbance in the configuration of the predator faces, but do not show unambiguous signs of holistic processing i.e., impaired recognition of the inverted face.
Women choose romantic partners resembling their father in body odour
Authors: Havlíček Jan , Jelínková Lucie , Štěrbová Zuzana , Hanus Robert , Kreisinger Jakub , Kyjakova Pavlina , Schmiedová Lucie , Bušovská Radka , Fialová Jitka Třebická , Schwambergová Dagmar , Roberts Craig 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Women tend to choose partners who resemble their father in certain characteristics. In non-human mammals, similar parental imprinting-like effects are often odour-mediated1,2, which requires not only learning of parental odour but also similarity between parents and prospective mates in the microbial communities responsible for production of the critical volatile compounds. Here, in light of growing recognition of human capacity for social olfaction3,4, we tested the possibility that women’s preferences are shaped by paternal phenotype. Axillary body odour samples from women’s fathers and romantic male partners were evaluated for similarity at the perceptual level as well as in both their microbiome diversity (using 16S rDNA sequencing) and chemical composition (using GC×GC-TOFMS). We found that partners’ body odour was perceived as more similar to paternal odour than would be expected by chance. In parallel, similarities in both microbiota composition and chemical profiles were significantly higher in partner-father dyads than in randomly generated dyads. While women’s relationship quality with the father did not predict father-partner similarity in microbial or chemical profiles, it was positively associated with perceived odour similarity. Our results thus reveal a suite of mechanisms by which parental odour cues can serve as a template in human mate choice.
Pd/In-based catalysts for nitrate catalytic removal from water: synthesis designs aiming for better N2 selectivity
Authors: Sacco Nicolas Alejandro , Miranda Zoppas Fernanda , Aghemo Vanina , Beltrame Thiago , Marchesini Fernanda Albana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Catalysts based on Pd/In were prepared through the wet impregnation method using Al2O3, SiO2, and TiO2 as supports. The impact of the synthesis procedure on N2 selectivity was studied. Characterization was performed using X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. The catalytic performance of these materials was evaluated for nitrate removal from water in a batch reactor. The order of better nitrate removal was found to be Al2O3&gt;TiO2&gt;SiO2. The selectivity towards N2 was also impacted by the support used, with Al2O3-based catalysts being the most selective and TiO2-based the least due to strong metal–support interaction. The synthesis stages also impacted nitrate removal efficiency and selectivity, with the highest N2 selectivity (94.4% at 90% nitrate conversion) found in catalysts where In was added after Pd and underwent intermediate calcination, reduction and final reduction stages.
Repurposing some of the Well-known Non-steroid Anti-inflammatory
Drugs (NSAIDs) for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Vasconcelos Maria Helena , Palmeira Andreia , Sousa Sofia Martins , Xavier Cristina Pinto Ribeiro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Drug repurposing is a strategy used to develop new treatments based on approved or in-vestigational drugs outside the scope of their original clinical indication. Since this approach bene-fits from the original toxicity data of the repurposed drugs, the drug-repurposing strategy is time-saving, and inexpensive. It has a higher success rate compared to traditional drug discovery. Several repurposing candidates have been identified in silico screening and in vitro methodologies. One of the best examples is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Tumor-promoting inflamma-tion is one of the hallmarks of cancer, revealing a connection between inflammatory processes and tumor progression and development. This explains why using NSAIDs in the context of neoplasia has become a topic of interest. Indeed, identifying NSAIDs with antitumor activity has become a promising strategy for finding novel cancer treatment opportunities. Indeed, several commercial anti-inflammatory drugs, including aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, celecoxib, tepoxalin and cyclo- valone, naproxen, and indomethacin have presented antitumor activity, and some of them are al-ready in clinical trials for cancer treatment. However, the benefits and complications of using NSAIDs for cancer treatment must be carefully evaluated, particularly for cancer patients with no further therapeutic options available. This review article provides insight into the drug repurposing strategy and describes some of the well-known NSAIDs that have been investigated as repurposed drugs with potential anticancer activity.
A Comparative Study on In vitro Anti-cancer and In vivo Anti-angiogenic
Effects of TRPC Blockers Pyr-3 and SKF-96365
Authors: Kıyan Hülya Tuba , Üvez Ayca , Erkisa Merve , Ikitimur-Armutak Elif İlkay , Yılmazer Nadim , Esener Osman Behzat Burak , Erol Kutucu Deniz , Üstünova Savaş , Ulukaya Engin , Öztürk A. Alper , Gürel-Gürevin Ebru 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Angiogenesis is involved in many physiological and pathological conditions including cancer. A number of TRP channels induce angiogenesis, promote cell proliferation or induce apoptosis in several types of human cancers. Therefore, TRP channels may be considered potential pharmacological targets for therapeutic options of disorders caused by insufficient angiogenesis or aberrant vascularization.

Aims:
This study aimed to comparatively investigate in vitro anti-cancer and in vivo anti-angiogenic effects of TRPC blockers Pyr-3 and SKF-96365.

Methods:
For anti-cancer effects, four cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, A549, PC-3, and HCT-116) were used. In vivo anti-angiogenic effects were investigated by employing in vivo CAM assay of fertilized hen eggs.

Results:
Pyr-3 affected cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, all concentrations of SKF-96365 significantly reduced cell viability in all cell lines. Pyr-3 and SKF-96365 at concentrations of 2.5 µg/pellet and 50 µg/pellet, respectively inhibited in vivo angiogenesis significantly.

Conclusion:
The concentration of 2.5 µg/pellet caused no irritation, whereas 50 µg/pellet produced some slight irritation. Apart from their anti-cancer effects, our findings indicate that Pyr-3 and SKF-96365 may be promising anti-angiogenic agents for the treatment of angiogenesis-related disorders.