bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual transitional pain service delivered via telehealth is effective in preventing new and persistent opioid use amongst post-surgical spine patients
Authors: Hussain Maryam , Norgeot Beau , Zaafran Ahmed , Stark Jessica , Caridi John , Fenoy Albert , Pivalizza Evan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOpioid dependence is a national crisis, with 30 million patients annually at risk of becoming persistent opioid users after receiving opioids for post-surgical pain management. Translational Pain Services (TPS) demonstrate effectiveness for behavioral health improvements but its effectiveness in preventing persistent opioid use is less established, especially amongst opioid exposed patients. Prohibitive costs and accessibility challenges have hindered TPS program adoption. To address these limitations, we designed and implemented a remote telehealth TPS protocol focusing on preventing continued opioid use while improving behavioral health. Licensed therapists trained in the opioid-tapering CBT protocol delivered sessions reimbursed through standard payer reimbursement. Our prospective study evaluated the protocol’s effectiveness on preventing persistent opioid use and behavioral health outcomes amongst both opioid naïve and exposed patients. In an opioid-naive patient cohort (n=67), 100% completely tapered off opioids, while in an opioid-exposed cohort (n =19) 52% completely tapered off opioids, demonstrating promising results. In both cohorts, we observed significant improvements in behavioral health scores, including pain. This opioid-tapering digital TPS is effective, adoptable, and incurs no out-of-pocket cost for healthcare systems. We provide the opioid-tapering CBT protocol in the supplement to facilitate adoption.Trial RegistrationImpact of Daily, Digital and Behavioral Tele-health Tapering Program for Perioperative Surgical Patients Exposed to Opioids and Benzodiazepines registered at clinicaltrials.gov,NCT04787692.https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04787692?term=NCT04787692&draw=2&rank=1
Trends in Hallucinogen-associated Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations in California from 2016–2021
Authors: Tate Steven , Garel Nicolas , Nash Kristin , Lembke Anna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesHallucinogens encompass a diverse range of compounds with increasing scientific and public interest. Risks associated with hallucinogen use are poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the trends in hallucinogen-related emergency department visits and hospitalizations in California from 2016 to 2021, as compared to alcohol and cannabis visits and hospitalizationsMethodsWe conducted a descriptive study on publicly available data on diagnosis codes associated with emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations from the California Department of Healthcare Access and Information (HCAI) to describe hallucinogen, alcohol, and cannabis associated encounters.ResultsRates of hallucinogen associated ED visits increased by 69% between 2016 and 2021 compared to a 24% decrease and 1.9% decrease in rates of alcohol associated and cannabis associated ED visits respectively. Rates of hallucinogen associated hospitalizations increased by 74% compared to a 11% increase in alcohol associated hospitalizations and a 19% increase in cannabis associated hospitalizations.ConclusionsThe large relative, but small absolute, increase in hallucinogen associated ED visits and hospitalizations is concerning given changing public perception and increasing use of these substances. The categorization of a large number of compounds as hallucinogens limits our ability to understand trends in harms with ICD-10 codes. Improved systems for surveillance of potential harms of hallucinogen use are needed.
Cheese consumption and risk of diabetic retinopathies: A Mendelian Randomization study
Authors: Lin Zenan , Hu Di , Jiang Junhong ,   The μ-Biomedical Data Investigating Group (Mu-BioDig)
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesDiabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of visual loss in working-age adults worldwide. Cheese is a widely consumed dairy product, and cheese intake has various health benefiting effects. This study aimed to use Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the impact of cheese consumption on DR.MethodsThe genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistic generated from 451486 European descent was introduced to identify the valid instrumental variables (IVs) for cheese intake. As the outcomes, the GWAS data of three outcome traits (DR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy or PDR, diabetic maculopathy or DMP) were obtained from the FinnGen research project. Multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis was also conducted to determine whether the causal associations were affected by the common risk factors of DR, such as Body Mass Index, systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglycerides (TG), HDL cholesterol and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.ResultsThe cheese consumption (per 1-SD increase) was found to be associated with a decreased risk of DR (OR=0.701,P=0.011), PDR (OR=0.671,P=0.020), and DMP (OR=0.357,P=0.001). The MVMR analyses demonstrated that the TG level did not affect the causal associations with the decreased risks of DR and PDR. The study on DMP proved that the causal relations were independent from the effect of SBP, TG, and HbA1c levels.ConclusionsGenetic evidence suggested that cheese consumption was causally associated with the decreased risk of DR. Given widespread cheese consumption, this could have significant implications for global health burdens from DR.
Cardiorespiratory fitness and physical activity among children and adolescents with diabetes: A Systemic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Steinman De Visser Hannah , Fast Isaak , Brunton Nicole , Arevalo Edward , Askin Nicole , Rabbani Rasheda , Abou-Setta Ahmed M. , McGavock Jonathan 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundIt is unclear if cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) are lower among youth with type 1 (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to youth without diabetes. The objective of this study was to describe the magnitude, precision and constancy of the differences in CRF and PA between youth with and without diabetes.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus from 2000 to May 2022 for cross sectional studies that included measures of CRF and PA in children and adolescents with and without T1D or T2D. The main outcomes were objectively measured CRF obtained from a graded maximal exercise test and subjective or objective measures of PA. Three reviewers independently screened studies for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed studies for bias. Random effects meta-analysis model was used to estimate differences in main outcomes. The pooled effect estimate was measured as standardized mean differences (SMD) with its 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022329303) and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline.ResultsOf 7857 unique citations retrieved, we included 9 studies (n = 755 participants) with measures of CRF and 9 studies (n = 1233 participants) with measures of PA for youth with T2D, as well as 23 studies (n = 2082 participants) and 36 studies (n = 12,196 participants) for youth with T1D. Random effects models revealed that directly measured CRF was lower in youth with T2D [SMD = - 1.06; 95% CI: -1.57 to -0.56, I2=84%, n=9 studies; n=781 youth] and in youth with T1D compared to controls [SMD = -0.39; 95% CI: -0.70 to -0.09, I2=89%, n=22 studies; n=2082 youth]. Random effects models revealed that daily PA was marginally lower in youth with T1D [SMD= -0.29, 95% CI −0.46 to -0.11, I2=89%, n=32 studies; n = 12196 youth] but not different among youth with T2D compared to controls [SMD= -0.56, 95% CI −1.28 to +0.16, I2=91%, n=9 studies; n=1233 youth]. When analyses were restricted to studies with objective measures, PA was significantly lower in youth with T2D [SMD -0.71, 95% CI −1.36 to -0.05; I2=23%, n=3 studies; n=332 youth] and T1D [SMD -0.67, 95% CI –1.17 to -0.17; I2=93%; n=12 studies; n=1357 youth] compared to controls.ConclusionsChildren and adolescents living with T1D and T2D display lower CRF and objectively measured PA compared to controls without diabetes. Deficits in CRF, but not PA are larger and more consistent in youth with T2D, compared to youth with T1D. These data may contribute to the increased risk for cardiovascular disease-related morbidity observed in adolescents with diabetes, particularly those with T2D.FundingThis study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Prognostic determinants of anterior large vessel occlusion in acute stroke in elderly patients
Authors: Mitsuhashi Takashi , Teranishi Kohsuke , Tokugawa Joji , Mitsuhashi Takumi , Hishii Makoto , Oishi Hidenori 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionMechanical thrombectomy(MT) has been shown to be safety and effectiveness for acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion(LVO)of all ages, and together with intravenous thrombolysis has become an standard treatment for acute stroke. In an aging world, the effectiveness of MT for the elderly has not been fully demonstrated. We investigated factors associated with prognosis in elderly patients undergoing MT in Japanese practice, where the elderly are defined as those aged 80 years or older, in the context of an ageing population.MethodMT was performed in 59 cases of LVO of the anterior circulation. Primary outcome evaluated functional outcome at three months. Parametric and/or non-parametric test and a binomial logistic regression model was performed to identify prognosis factors in elderly patients.ResultsOverall, Of the 59 patients, 47.5% (28/59) achieved an mRS ≤3 at 3 months. Mortality rate was 20.3% (12/59). Younger age(P=0.032), lower NIHSS on admission(P=0.00005), lower level of NT-proBNP on admission(P=0.041), lower level of D-dimer on admission(P=0.01), First Pass Effect (FPE) (P=0.024) and good recanalization(P=0.0025) were associated with favorable clinical outcome. In the binomial logistic regression model, only lower NIHSS on admission was significantly associated with good clinical outcome.ConclusionsIn the present study, not only were younger age, lower NIHSS on admission and FPE already reported as prognostic factors for MT for LVO in the elderly, but also, although not previously reported, lower levels of NT-proBNP on admission and lower level of D-dimer on admission were considered as possible prognostic factors.
Time To Navigate (TTN): A practical objective clinical measure for freezing of gait severity in people with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Scully A.E. , Tan D. , de Oliveira B.I.R. , Hill K.D. , Clark R. , Pua Y.H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesExisting objective assessments for freezing of gait (FOG) severity may be unwieldy for routine clinical practice. To provide an easy-to-use clinical measure, this cross-sectional study explored if time to complete the recently-validated FOG Severity Tool (or its components) could be used to reflect FOG severity.MethodsPeople with Parkinson’s disease who could independently ambulate eight-metres, understand instructions, and without co-morbidities severely affecting gait were consecutively recruited from outpatient clinics. Participants were assessed with the FOG Severity Tool in a test-retest design, with time taken for each component recorded using a stopwatch during video-analysis. Validity of total FOG Severity Tool time, time taken to complete its turning and narrow-space components (i.e., Time To Navigate, TTN), and an adjusted-TTN were examined through correlations with the FOG Questionnaire, percentage of time spent with FOG, and FOG Severity Tool-Revised score. To facilitate clinical interpretation, TTN cutoff was determined using scatterplot smoothing (LOESS) regression whilst minimal important change (MIC) was calculated using predictive modelling.ResultsThirty-five participants were included [82.9%(n=29)male; Median(IQR): age – 73.0(11.0)years; disease duration – 4.0(4.5)years]. The FOG Severity Tool time, TTN, and adjusted-TTN similarly demonstrated moderate correlations with the FOG Questionnaire and percentage-FOG, and very-high correlations with FOG Severity Tool-Revised. TTN was nonlinearly related to FOG severity such that a positive relationship was observed in the first 300-seconds, beyond which the association plateaued. MIC for TTN was 15.4-seconds reduction in timing (95%CI 3.2 to 28.7).ConclusionsThe TTN is a feasible, interpretable, and valid test of FOG severity, demonstrating strong convergent validity with the FOG Severity Tool-Revised. In busy clinical settings, TTN provides a viable alternative when use of existing objective FOG measures is (often) unfeasible.Impact statementBusy clinicians need easy-to-use measures. In under 300-seconds, TTN test offers this for FOG severity, with a 15.4-seconds decrease in TTN time considered minimal improvement.
New insights into the systematics of the AfrotropicalAmblyomma marmoreumcomplex (Acari, Ixodidae) and a novelRickettsia africaestrain using morphological and metagenomic approaches
Authors: Cotes-Perdomo Andrea P. , Sánchez-Vialas Alberto , Thomas Richard , Jenkins Andrew , Uribe Juan E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTheAmblyomma marmoreumcomplex includes some Afrotropical species, such asAmblyomma sparsum, a three-host tick that parasitizes reptiles, birds, and mammals, and is a recognized vector ofEhrlichia ruminatum. However, the lack of morphological, genetic and ecological data onA. sparsumhas caused considerable confusion in its identification amongA. marmoreumcomplex members. In this study, we used microscopy and metagenomic approaches to analyzeA. sparsum ticks collected from a puff adder snake (Bitis arietans) in southwest Senegal (an endemic rickettsioses area) in order to supplement previous morphological descriptions, provide novel genomic data for theA. marmoreumcomplex, and search for some associated spotted fever agent. Based on stereoscope and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphological evaluations, we provided high-quality images and new insights about punctation and enameling in the male ofA. sparsumto facilitate identification for future studies. Additionally, the metagenomic approach allowed us assembly the complete mitochondrial genome ofA. sparsum, as well as the nearly entire chromosome and complete plasmid sequences of a novelRickettsia africaestrain. Phylogenomic analyses showed a close relationship betweenA. sparsumandA. nuttallifor the first time and confirmed the position ofA. sparsumwithin theA. marmoreumcomplex. Our results provide new insights into the systematic ofA. sparsumandA. marmoreumcomplex, as well as the genetic diversity ofR. africaein Afrotropical region. Future studies should consider the possibility thatA. sparsummay be a competent vector forR. africae.
Validation of the sleep EEG headband ZMax
Authors: Esfahani Mahdad Jafarzadeh , Weber Frederik D. , Boon Merel , Anthes Simone , Almazova Tatiana , Hal Maarten van , Keuren Yon , Heuvelmans Carmen , Simo Eni , Bovy Leonore , Adelhöfer Nico , Avest Milou M. ter , Perslev Mathias , Horst Rob ter , Harous Christiana , Sundelin Tina , Axelsson John , Dresler Martin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolysomnography (PSG) is the gold standard for recording sleep. However, the standard PSG systems are bulky, expensive, and often confined to lab environments. These systems are also time-consuming in electrode placement and sleep scoring. Such limitations render standard PSG systems less suitable for large-scale or longitudinal studies of sleep. Recent advances in electronics and artificial intelligence enabled ‘wearable’ PSG systems. Here, we present a study aimed at validating the performance of ZMax, a widely-used wearable PSG that includes frontal electroencephalography (EEG) and actigraphy but no submental electromyography (EMG). We analyzed 135 nights with simultaneous ZMax and standard PSG recordings amounting to over 900 hours from four different datasets, and evaluated the performance of the headband’s proprietary automatic sleep scoring (ZLab) alongside our open-source algorithm (DreamentoScorer) in comparison with human sleep scoring. ZLab and DreamentoScorer compared to human scorers with moderate and substantial agreement and Cohen’s kappa scores of 59.61% and 72.18%, respectively. We further analyzed the competence of these algorithms in determining sleep assessment metrics, as well as shedding more lights on the bandpower computation, and morphological analysis of sleep microstructural features between ZMax and standard PSG. Relative bandpower computed by ZMax implied an error of 5.5% (delta), 4.5% (theta), 1.6% (alpha), 0.5% (sigma), 0.8% (beta), and 0.2% (gamma), compared to standard PSG. In addition, the microstructural features detected in ZMax did not represent exactly the same characteristics as in standard PSG. Besides similarities and discrepancies between ZMax and standard PSG, we measured and discussed the technology acceptance rate, feasibility of data collection with ZMax, and highlighted essential factors for utilizing ZMax as a reliable tool for both monitoring and modulating sleep.
Better long-term learning ability is predicted by higher surface folding of the human premotor cortex
Authors: Taubert Marco , Ziegler Gabriel , Lehmann Nico 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe capacity to learn enabled the human species to adapt to various challenging environmental conditions and pass important achievements on to the next generation. A growing body of research suggests links between neocortical folding and numerous aspects of human behaviour, but their impact on enhanced human learning capacity remains unexplored. Here we leverage multiple training cohorts to demonstrate that higher levels of premotor cortical folding reliably predict individual long-term learning gains in a challenging new motor task, above and beyond initial performance differences. Individual folding-related predisposition to motor learning was found to be independent of cortical thickness and several intracortical microstructural parameters, but dependent on larger cortical surface area. We further show that learning-relevant features of cortical folding occurred in close spatial proximity to practice-induced structural plasticity and were primarily localized in hominoid-specific frontal tertiary sulci. Our results suggest a new link between neocortical surface folding and human behavioural adaptability.
Burst c-VEP Based BCI: Optimizing Stimulus Design for Enhanced Classification with Minimal Calibration Data and Improved User Experience
Authors: Castillos K. Cabrera , Ladouce S. , Darmet L. , Dehais F. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTThe Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) is a widely used technique in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) research due to its high information transfer rate. However, this method has some limitations, including lengthy calibration time and visual fatigue. Recent studies have explored the use of code-modulated Visual Evoked Potentials (c-VEP) with aperiodic flickering visual stimuli as an alternative approach to address these issues. One advantage of c-VEP is that the training of the model is independent of the number and complexity of targets, which helps reduce calibration time. Nevertheless, the existing designs of c-VEP can be further improved to achieve a higher signal-to-noise ratio, and shorten the selection time and the calibration process. In this study, we propose a novel type of code-VEP called “Burst c-VEP” that consists of brief presentations of aperiodic visual flashes at approximately 3Hz. The rationale behind this design is to leverage the sensitivity of the primary visual cortex to transient changes in low-level stimuli features to reliably elicit distinctive series of visual evoked potentials. In comparison to other types of faster-paced codes,burstc-VEP exhibits favorable properties to achieve high decoding performance using convolutional neural networks (CNN). We also explore the attenuation of visual stimuli contrast and intensity to further reduce the perceptual saliency of c-VEP. The proposed solutions were tested through an offline 4-classes c-VEP protocol involving 12 participants. Following a factorial design, participants were asked to focus on c-VEP targets whose pattern (burst and maximum-length sequence) and amplitude (100% or 40% amplitude depth modulation) were manipulated across experimental conditions. Firstly, the full amplitudeburstc-VEP codes exhibited higher accuracy ranging from 90.5% (with 17.6sof calibration data) to 95.6% (with 52.8sof calibration data) than its m-sequence counterpart (71.4% to 85.0%). The mean selection time for the two types of codes (1.5s) compared favorably compared to existing studies. Secondly, our findings revealed that lowering the intensity of the stimuli barely decreased the accuracy of theburstto 94.2% accuracy while yielding a higher subjective visual user experience. Taken together, these results demonstrate the high potential of the proposedburstcodes to advance BCI beyond the confines of the lab. The collected datasets, along with the proposed CNN architecture implementation, are shared through open-access repositories.
Toxicokinetic Characterization of the Inter-Species Differences in 6PPD-Quinone Toxicity Across Seven Fish Species: Metabolite Identification and Semi-Quantification
Authors: Montgomery David , Ji Xiaowen , Cantin Jenna , Philibert Danielle , Foster Garrett , Selinger Summer , Jain Niteesh , Miller Justin , McIntyre Jenifer , de Jourdan Benjamin , Wiseman Steve , Hecker Markus , Brinkmann Markus 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTN-(1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N’-Phenyl-P-Phenylenediamine-Quinone (6PPD-Q) is a recently identified contaminant that originates from the oxidation of the tire anti-degradant 6PPD. 6PPD-Q is acutely toxic to select salmonids at environmentally relevant concentrations, while other fish species display tolerance to concentrations surpassing those measured in the environment. The reasons for these marked differences in sensitivity are presently unknown. The objective of this research was to explore potential toxicokinetic drivers of species sensitivity by characterizing biliary metabolites of 6PPD-Q in sensitive and tolerant fishes. For the first time, we identified anO-glucuronide metabolite of 6PPD-Q using high-resolution mass spectrometry. The semi-quantified levels of this metabolite in tolerant species or life stages, including white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkia lewisi) and non-fry life stages of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), were greater than those in sensitive species, including coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), suggesting that tolerant species might more effectively detoxify 6PPD-Q. Thus, we hypothesize that differences in species sensitivity are a result of differences in basal expression of biotransformation enzyme across various fish species. Moreover, the semi-quantification of 6PPD-Q metabolites in bile extracted from wild-caught fish might be a useful biomarker of exposure to 6PPD-Q, thereby being invaluable to environmental monitoring and risk assessment.