bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning Patterns from Biological Networks: A Compounded Burr Probability Model
Authors: Chakraborty Tanujit , Naik Shraddha M. , Chattopadhyay Swarup , Das Suchismita 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Complex biological networks, comprising metabolic reactions, gene interactions, and protein interactions, often exhibit scale-free characteristics with power-law degree distributions. However, empirical studies have revealed discrepancies between observed biological network data and ideal power-law fits, highlighting the need for improved modeling approaches. To address this challenge, we propose a novel family of distributions, building upon the baseline Burr distribution. Specifically, we introduce the compounded Burr (CBurr) distribution, derived from a continuous probability distribution family, enabling flexible and efficient modeling of node degree distributions in biological networks. This study comprehensively investigates the general properties of the CBurr distribution, focusing on parameter estimation using the maximum likelihood method. Subsequently, we apply the CBurr distribution model to large-scale biological network data, aiming to evaluate its efficacy in fitting the entire range of node degree distributions , surpassing conventional power-law distributions and other benchmarks. Through extensive data analysis and graphical illustrations, we demonstrate that the CBurr distribution exhibits superior modeling capabilities compared to traditional power-law distributions. This novel distribution model holds great promise for accurately capturing the complex nature of biological networks and advancing our understanding of their underlying mechanisms.
Multifunctional cellulose composite films with dual-continuous CNT/BN networks for synchronously enhanced electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness and thermal conductivity
Authors: Zhang Liang-Qing , Zhou Fang , Shi Qin , Zhang Zheng-Yang , Yang Shu-Gui , Yan Ding-Xiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Multifunctional materials with excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness and thermal conductivity (TC) are an essential guarantee for the rapid advancement of next-generation electronic products. Herein, the three-dimensional porous conductive/thermal network of carbon nanotubes (CNT)/cellulose are prefabricated by freeze-drying. Using "impregnation and high-pressure compression molding", CNT/cellulose-boron nitride/polyvinyl alcohol (CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA) composite films with three-dimensional dual-continuous network structure are constructed to provide a perfect pathway for both electrons and phonons transportation. Comprehensive performance of the composites before and after hot-pressing including the microstructure, electrical conductivity, EMI shielding and thermal conductivity is investigated. Benefiting from the high-pressure compression molding process, the composite is densified and a close contact between fillers is achieved, which effectively improves the electrical and thermal conductivity. The finally obtained CNT/cellulose-BN/PVA composite film exhibits satisfactory EMI shielding performance, high in-plane and cross-plane TC, as well as excellent Joule heating performance, demonstrating enormous potential as high-performance EMI shielding and thermal management materials in practical applications. The significance of this work is to give an inspiration for improving the comprehensive performance of electromagnetic shielding and thermal conductive materials.
Synthesis, crystal structure, and characterization of two new end-to-end 1D pseudohalide bridged manganese(III) complexes
Authors: Mandal Uttam , Rizzoli Corrado , Chakraborty Bikash , Karmakar Srikanta , Roy Swapnadip , Mandal Santanu , Bandyopadhyay Debasis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Two new Manganese (III) Schiff base complexes MnL2N3 (1) and MnL2NCS (2) where HL is 4-bromo-2-[(Z)-{[2-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl]imino}methyl]phenol) were synthesized and characterized by UV–Vis. absorption spectra, FT-IR, photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra, TGA Analyses, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. Structural studies reveal that the metal sites in all complexes are six-coordinated by two phenoxy oxygen and two imine nitrogen atoms of two moles of Schiff base ligand, HL. The geometry around the metal center is twisted octahedral geometry with a MnN4O2 (for 1) and MnN3O2S (for 2) chromophore. Hirshfeld surfaces associated with 2D fingerprint plots have been used to analyze intermolecular interactions in crystal packing. Computational study using Density Functional Theory (DFT) has been done (for 1) to elucidate the structural information and energy gap calculation between HOMO & LUMO. Crystal packing of both complexes shows the interchain π\(\cdots\)π stacking interactions between one-dimensional chains.
Urinary stone composition analysis and clinical assessment of patients in a tertiary urology care centre in eastern India
Authors: Kumar Prem , Ahmad Shamim , Singh Manoj Kumar , Prem Pranjal , Mazumdar Himangshu , Singh Smita 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
Urinary stones are typical conditions that result in significant morbidity and monetary costs. Analysis of patients with different stones determines the preferred treatment modality and helps decide the preventive measures to avoid stone recurrence. This study aimed to identify the association between patient characteristics with stone type and composition in the eastern region of India.
Material and methods
A super specialty hospital in an eastern Indian city enrolled 1231 cases of urinary stones which were admitted for elective stone removal between January 2015 and November 2022. Patient information was gathered, including demographics, clinical data, dietary habits, water consumption, geographic region, and stone recurrence. An analysis was performed to establish a relationship between these characteristics and the type and composition of stones.
Result
The study found that urinary stones are more common in men, with calcium oxalate being the most prevalent type of stone. Individuals aged 31–40 had the highest incidence of stones, including double-component stones, while single-component and multiple-component stones were most common in those aged 21–30. The kidneys were found to be the most likely origin of stones and the instances of stone recurrence showed a substantial (p = < 0.001) correlation with dietary habits and water intake.
Conclusion
Calcium oxalate is the predominant stone component. The stone recurrence rate factors are correlated with age, gender, food habits, and water intake patterns.
Computer Vision and Machine Learning Based Traffic Scene Perception and Car Driver Injury Assessment
Authors: Wei Sun , Halin Alfian Bin Abdul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Traffic scene perception and risk assessment for car drivers is critical to improving road safety. This study aimed to develop a deep supervised learning detector for automotive traffic scenes based on computer vision and machine learning techniques to detect the effects of weather factors and road factors on car drivers and to assess the degree of injury in traffic accidents. The goal of this research was to assess the extent to which motorists are injured in traffic accidents in each traffic scenario by analyzing and evaluating weather factors and road factors. This approach used deeply supervised learning detectors to detect and classify weather and road factors in motor vehicle traffic scenarios using computer vision and machine learning techniques. By processing and analyzing the data, it can determine the relationship between weather and road factors and the extent of injuries sustained by motorists. In addition, the research analyzed the relationship between weather and road factors and the degree of driver injury using a linear regression model. By calculating the regression coefficients, the research can quantify the effect of weather and road factors on the level of driver injury. The experimental results showed that weather and road factors were positively related to the level of injury of motorists. This study provided important insights into car driver risk assessment in traffic scenarios through the evaluation and discussion of deep supervised learning detectors and linear regression models.
Locating the core areas of frontal-parietal network: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cai Zhen , Li Jing , Wang Chun , Zhong Yuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrior published studies indicated the involvement of the frontal parietal (FPN) network in execution of different cognitive functions, but the diversity of functions led to a lack of uniformity in the definition of this complex network system. In the present study, 325 functional magnetic resonance imaging datasets were analysed in order to map the core regions of the FPN based on control signal patterns associated with different cognitive functions. Meta-analysis revealed a bilateral network for different executive control functions. Activation likelihood estimation (ALE) analysis for different effectors within the network revealed high comparable activation intensity and consistent function response to the overall analyses on attention, working memory and cognitive control, respectively, indicating an independence of these findings from potential divergences. On the other hand, ALE contrast analyses on our dataset, as well as meta-analytic connectivity modelling (MACM) analyses on the BrainMap database, indicated that executive control tasks reliably elicit activity in consistent brain areas include dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), medial frontal gyrus (medFG), superior frontal gyrus (sFG), bilateral middle frontal gyrus (mFG), inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and anterior insula. Our findings summarize and refine previous descriptions of the human brain networks related to executive control function. The significant contributions in cognitive function of these areas are also been clarified.
On-Ground Validation of Orbital GNC: Visual Navigation Assessment in Robotic Testbed Facility
Authors: Muralidharan Vivek , Makhdoomi Mohatashem Reyaz , Žinys Augustinas , Razgus Bronislovas , Klimavicius Marius , Olivares-Mendez Miguel , Martinez Carol 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
CubeSats have become versatile platforms for various space missions (e.g. On-Orbit Servicing and debris removal), owing to their low cost and flexibility. Many of these tasks involve proximity operations, requiring precise guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) algorithms. Vision-based navigation is gaining traction for such operations, but extreme lighting conditions in space challenge optical techniques. This paper presents the ground validation of a GNC algorithm designed for autonomous satellite rendezvous, leveraging hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) experiments. The investigation focuses on two key areas. Firstly, the rationale behind the augmenting of the robot workspace (6-Dof UR10e robot + linear rail) to emulate relatively longer trajectories with complete position and orientation states. Secondly, the assessment of the control algorithm in response to uncertain pose observations from the vision-based navigation system. Results indicate increased control costs with uncertain navigation and exemplify the importance of on-ground testing for system validation prior to launch, especially in extreme cases that are typically difficult with software-based testing.
An internally and externally validated nomogram for predicting cancer- specific survival in octogenarians after radical resection for colorectal cancer
Authors: Zhu Junchang , Cen Wei , Zheng Xuzhi , Ye Chenqiao , Guo Feifan , Yan Xialin , Shi Hongying , Ye Lechi , Hu Tingting 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose
We aimed to develop an elaborative nomogram that predicts cancer-specific survival (CSS) in American and Chinese octogenarians treated with radical resection for CRC.
Method
The patient data of newly diagnosed patients aged 80 years or older who underwent radical resection for CRC from 2010 to 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and then randomly divided into a training cohort and a validation cohort. The patients collected from our hospital were defined as the external validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to select independent predictive factors for the construction of a nomogram to predict 1-, 2- and 3-year CSS.
Results
The multivariate Cox regression model identified age, T stage, N stage, perineural invasion, chemotherapy, tumour deposits, carcinoembryonic antigen level, number of lymph node metastases, and number of solid organ metastases as independent predictors of survival. The C-index of the nomogram for 1-, 2- and 3-year CSS was 0.758, 0.762, and 0.727, respectively, demonstrating significant clinical value and substantial reliability compared to the TNM stage. The calibration curve and area under the curve also indicated considerable predictive accuracy. In addition, decision curve analysis demonstrated desirable net benefits in clinical application.
Conclusion
We constructed a nomogram for predicting the CSS of individual octogenarian patients with CRC who underwent radical resection. The nomogram performed better than the TNM staging system in this particular population and could guide clinicians in clinical follow-up and individual therapeutic plan formulation.
Uruguayan dance students: A model to unravel the associations between circadian, sleep, and mood disturbances
Authors: Paz Valentina , Coirolo Natalia , Tassino Bettina , Silva Ana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Current evidence supports associations between circadian, sleep, and mood disturbances. However, it is still debated to what extent different chronobiological and mood variables act independently or in synergy to impact health.
Methods: This study assesses how these variables interact to affect depressive symptoms and sleep quality in 26 Uruguayan dancers (age=22.27±2.43) training in the morning (n=9) or in the night shift (n=17). Participants completed the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Beck Depression Inventory-II.
Results: Participants reported high social jetlag (1.58±1.45h), late chronotypes (05:43±01:35), and poor sleep quality (6.77±2.67), while adequate sleep duration (7.10±1.31h) and minimal depression (7.15±3.62), without differences across shifts. Depressive symptoms increased as sleep quality worsened (F(1,21)=20.66, p<0.001). In addition, sleep duration interacted with the shift to explain depressive mood (F(1,21)=4.06, p=0.057), with participants in the morning shift showing higher depressive symptoms with decreased sleep duration. Furthermore, sleep quality deteriorated as social jetlag increased (F(1,20)=14.82, p=0.001), particularly in more depressed individuals.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that social, circadian, sleep, and mood variables are inextricably linked in this population of dancers.
Embedding cultural competency and cultural humility in undergraduate pharmacist initial education and training: a qualitative exploration of pharmacy student perspectives
Authors: Robinson-Barella Anna , Tayki Christoper , Chan Hayley KY , Lau Wing Man 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background Emphasis has been placed upon embedding equity, diversity and inclusion within the initial education and training of healthcare professionals, like pharmacists. Yet, there remains limited understanding of how best to integrate cultural competence and cultural humility into undergraduate pharmacy student training. Aim To explore the views of pharmacy students to understand perspectives on, and identify recommendations for, embedding cultural competence and cultural humility within pharmacy education and training. Method Semi-structured interviews were conducted in-person between November 2022 and February 2023. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Reflexive thematic analysis enabled the development of themes. The COREQ checklist was followed and QSR NVivo (Version 12) facilitated data management. Ethical approval was obtained from the Newcastle University Ethics Committee (reference: 25004/2022). Results Twelve undergraduate pharmacist students, across all years of undergraduate training, were interviewed. Three themes were developed from the data, centring on: (1) recognising and reflecting on cultural competency and cultural humility; (2) gaining exposure and growing in confidence; and (3) thinking forward as a culturally competent pharmacist of the future. Conclusion These findings begin to offer actionable recommendations to align with the updated Initial Education and Training standards from the General Pharmaceutical Council; specifically,howandwhencultural competence teaching should be embedded within the undergraduate pharmacy curriculum. Future research should explore specifics around teaching content, learning environments, and methods of assessment that would be best suited to support the initial education and training of pharmacy students.
Short-term dietary fiber interventions produce consistent gut microbiome responses across studies
Authors: Rodriguez Cynthia I. , Isobe Kazuo , Martiny Jennifer B.H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background The composition of the human gut microbiome varies tremendously among individuals, making the effects of dietary or treatment interventions difficult to detect and characterize. The consumption of fiber is important for gut health, yet the specific effects of increased fiber intake on the gut microbiome vary across studies. The variation in study outcomes might be due to inter-individual (or inter-population) variation or to the details of the interventions including the types of fiber, length of study, size of cohort, and molecular approaches. Thus, to identify consistent fiber-induced responses in the gut microbiome of healthy individuals, we re-analyzed 16S rRNA sequencing data from 21 dietary fiber interventions from 12 human studies, which included 2564 fecal samples from 538 subjects across all interventions.Results Short-term increases in dietary fiber consumption resulted in highly consistent gut microbiome responses across studies. Increased fiber consumption explained an average of 1.5% of compositional variation (versus 82% of variation attributed to the individual), reduced alpha diversity, and resulted in phylogenetically conserved responses in relative abundances among bacterial taxa. Additionally, we identified bacterial clades, at approximately the genus level, that were highly consistent in their response (increasing or decreasing in their relative abundance) to dietary fiber interventions across the studies.Conclusions Our study is an example of the power of synthesizing and reanalyzing microbiome data from many intervention studies. Despite high inter-individual variation of the composition of the human gut microbiome, dietary fiber interventions cause a consistent response both in the degree of change as well as the particular taxa that respond to increased fiber.
Enhancing students’ agency in learning anatomy vocabulary with a formative intervention design
Authors: Ritchie Helen E. , HEGEDUS ELIZABETH , yang Hongzhi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
One of the major challenges for health science students is the rapid acquisition of a new vocabulary in anatomy comprising several hundred new words. Research has shown that vocabulary learning can be improved when students are directed to vocabulary strategies. This paper reported a study with a formative intervention design inspired by Vygotsky’s method of double stimulation. In this design, the students were put in a structured situation that invited them to identify the challenges in learning anatomy and then provided them with active guidance and a range of anatomy vocabulary learning strategies that scaffolded them to work out a solution to the challenge and develop their individualized anatomy learning resources. The data were collected from surveys, pre- and post-quiz results, and group discussion transcripts. The results revealed students perceived one of the main challenges in learning anatomy was learning, memorizing and remembering many new words. A key finding in our study was that the formative intervention enhanced students’ agency in creating resources for learning anatomy vocabulary. In addition, the development of their understanding showed a recursive form: from concrete experiences to abstract concepts and then to concrete new practices.
Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy on Body Composition in Patients Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: An Observational Study
Authors: Konishi Keiji , Nakagawa Hidenori , Asaoka Tomohiro , Kasamatsu Yu , Goto Tetsushi , Shirano Michinori 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Increased incidence of lifestyle diseases as side-effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been reported in people living with HIV (PLWH). Few studies have evaluated obesity and hidden obesity in Japanese PLWH and their association with ART. In order to provide more appropriate drug selection and lifestyle guidance, we investigated the relationship between the effects of HIV infection and ART on the body composition of Japanese PLWH.
Methods
PLWH who visited the outpatient clinic and had body composition measured using the body composition analyzer InBody 570 were included in this study. Medications, comorbidities, and blood test data were obtained. Body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were measured.
Results
In this study, 543 patients were included. Body shape groups were classified into a thin group (13), normal weight group (14), hidden obesity group (158), apparent obesity group (14), and obesity group (218). Compared to the normal weight group, the hidden obesity group had a higher prevalence of comorbidities and a lower SMI.
Conclusions
PLWH are more likely to have obesity than the general population, indicating that hidden obesity is common even among those with a normal BMI. It is important to measure body fat percentage along with body weight since hidden obesity can be missed. Further investigation of the effects of ART on body composition is needed.