bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NF-κB signaling pathway mechanism in cow intertoe skin inflammation caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum
Authors: Zhang Hefei , Zheng Jiasan , Sun Yue , Yang Chunxue , Yue Yang 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundFusobacterium necrophorum is the main pathogen inducing bovine foot rot. The infected site is often accompanied by a strong inflammatory response, but the specific inflammatory regulatory mechanism remains unclear.AimA cow skin explants model was established to elucidate the mechanism of F. necrophorum bacillus causing foot rot in cows, and to provide reference for future clinical practice.MethodsCow intertoe skin explants were cultured in vitro, and F. necrophorum bacteria solution and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor BAY 1-7082 were added to establish an in vitro infection model. Hematoxylin and eosin staining, terminal - deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the pathological changes of the skin explants infected with F. necrophorum, the degree of tissue cell apoptosis, and the expression of the apoptosis-related protein Caspase-3, respectively. RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA were used to detect the activation of the NF-κB pathway and inflammatory cytokines by F. necrophorum.ResultsThe intertoe skin structure of cows infected with F. necrophorum changed with different degrees of inflammation, and the degree of tissue cell apoptosis was significantly increased (P &lt; 0.01). In addition, infection with F. necrophorum significantly increased the phosphorylation level of IκBα protein and up-regulated the expression level of NF-κB p65. The high expression and transcriptional activity of NF-κB p65 significantly increased the expression and concentration of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8, thus inducing the occurrence of an inflammatory response. However, inhibition of NF-κB p65 activity significantly decreased the expression of inflammatory factors in the intertoe skin of cows infected with F. necrophorum.ConclusionF. necrophorum activates NF‐κB signaling pathway by increasing the expression of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐8 and other inflammatory factors, leading to foot rot in dairy cows.
The association between penicillin allergy and surgical site infection after orthopedic surgeries: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Niu Tong , Zhang Yuelun , Li Ziquan , Bian Yanyan , Zhang Jianguo , Wang Yipeng 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundCephalosporins are used as first-line antimicrobial prophylaxis for orthopedics surgeries. However, alternative antibiotics are usually used in the presence of penicillin allergy (PA), which might increase the risk of surgical site infection (SSI). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between SSI after orthopedic surgeries and PA among surgical candidates and related alternative antibiotic use.MethodsIn this single-center retrospective cohort study, we compared inpatients with and without PA from January 2015 to December 2021. The primary outcome was SSI, and the secondary outcomes were SSI sites and perioperative antibiotic use. Moreover, pathogen characteristics of all SSIs were also compared between the two cohorts.ResultsAmong the 20,022 inpatient records, 1704 (8.51%) were identified with PA, and a total of 111 (0.55%) SSI incidents were reported. Compared to patients without PA, patients with PA had higher postoperative SSI risk (1.06%, 18/1704 vs. 0.51%, 93/18318), shown both in multivariable regression analysis (odds ratio [OR] 2.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-3.50; p= 0.004) and propensity score matching (OR 1.84; 95% CI, 1.05-3.23; p= 0.034). PA was related to elevated deep SSI risk (OR 2.79; 95% CI, 1.47-5.30; p= 0.002) and had no significant impact on superficial SSI (OR 1.39; 95% CI, 0.59-3.29; p= 0.449). The PA group used significantly more alternative antibiotics. Complete mediation effect of alternative antibiotics on SSI among these patients was found in mediation analysis. Pathogen analysis revealed gram-positive cocci as the most common pathogen for SSI in our study cohort, while patients with PA had higher infection rate from gram-positive rods and gram-negative rods than non-PA group.ConclusionCompared to patients without PA, patients with PA developed more SSI after orthopedic surgeries, especially deep SSI. The elevated infection rate could be secondary to the use of alternative prophylactic antibiotics
Impact of cystatin C-derived glomerular filtration rate in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Kure Yusuke , Okai Tsukasa , Izumiya Yasuhiro , Yoshida Hisako , Mizutani Kazuki , Yamaguchi Tomohiro , Ogawa Mana , Shibata Atsushi , Ito Asahiro , Takahashi Yosuke , Shibata Toshihiko , Fukuda Daiju 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) impacts prognosis in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). While estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated from serum creatinine [eGFR (creatinine)] is affected by body muscle mass which reflects frailty, eGFR calculated from serum cystatin C [eGFR (cystatin C)] is independent of body composition, resulting in better renal function assessment.MethodsThis study included 390 consecutive patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) who underwent TAVI, and measured cystatin C-based eGFR at discharge. Patients were divided into two groups, with or without CKD estimated with eGFR (cystatin C). The primary endpoint of this study was the 3-year all-cause mortality after TAVI.ResultsThe median patient age was 84 years, and 32.8% patients were men. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that eGFR (cystatin C), diabetes mellitus, and liver disease were independently associated with 3-year all-cause mortality. In the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, the predictive value of eGFR (cystatin C) was significantly higher than that of eGFR (creatinine). Furthermore, Kaplan–Meier estimates revealed that 3-year all-cause mortality was higher in the CKD (cystatin C) group than that in the non-CKD (cystatin C) group with log-rank p = 0.009. In contrast, there was no significant difference between the CKD (creatinine) and non-CKD (creatinine) groups with log-rank p = 0.94.ConclusionseGFR (cystatin C) was associated with 3-year all-cause mortality in patients who underwent TAVI, and it was superior to eGFR (creatinine) as a prognostic biomarker.
Prevention of radial artery occlusion with rivaroxaban after trans-radial access coronary procedures: The RIVARAD multicentric randomized trial
Authors: Hammami Rania , Abid Slim , Jihen Jdidi , Triki Zied , Ben Mrad Imtinene , Kammoun Amine , Slim Mehdi , Kacem Marwen , Thabet Houssem , Abdessalem Aymen Ben , Mallek Souad , Charfeddine Selma , Triki Faten , Hejri Samia Ernez , Naffeti Ilyes , Denguir Hicheme , Kraeim Sondos , Abid Leila 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundRadial artery occlusion (RAO) remains the most frequent complication of trans-radial access. Once the radial artery is occluded, its future use as an access site for coronary procedures, or as a conduit for coronary bypass grafting or fistula for hemodialysis, will be precluded. Therefore, we aimed to assess the value of the short-term use of Rivaroxaban to prevent RAO after a trans-radial coronary procedure.MethodsThis was a prospective, open-label, randomized study. The patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to one of two groups: those who received Rivaroxaban 10 mg for 7 days following the trans-radial coronary procedure (the Rivaroxaban Group) and those who received the standard treatment (the Control Group). The primary outcome was an occurrence of RAO evaluated by Doppler ultrasound at 30 days, and the secondary outcomes were hemorrhagic complications according to BARC classification.ResultsWe included 521 patients randomized into two Groups: the Control Group (N = 262) and the Rivaroxaban Group (N = 259). The 1-month RAO was significantly reduced in the Rivaroxaban Group as compared to the Control Group [6.9% vs. 13%; p = 0.011, OR = 0.5, (95% CI, 0.27–0.91)]. We noted no cases of severe bleeding events (BARC3-5). The overall incidence of minor bleeding (BARC1) was 2.3%, with no significant difference between the two groups [Rivaroxaban Group = 2.7%, Control Group = 1.9%, p = 0.54, OR= 1.4, (95%CI 0.44–4.5)].ConclusionsShort-term postoperative anticoagulation with Rivaroxaban 10 mg for seven days reduces the rate of 1-month RAO.
Research of influencing factors on permeability for carbonate rocks based on LBM simulation: A case study of low-permeability gas reservoir of Sinian Dengying Formation in Sichuan Basin
Authors: Yang Shan , Yang Hongzhi , Peng Xian , Lan Xuemei , Yang Yongfei , Zhao Yi , Zhang Kai , Chen Hongde 
Published: April 2023

Instruction: Due to the declining production rate of conventional natural gas reservoir and the rising demand for natural gas resources, conventional natural gas resources cannot satisfy the needs of economic development. Unconventional gas resource is considered to be the most promising energy supplement, therefore it is an inevitable trend to explore and develop unconventional oil and gas resources such as low permeability reservoirs. At present, the carbonate gas reservoirs in the high permeability area of Sichuan Basin have been almost fully developed, while the remaining gas reservoirs in the low permeability area are not well developed. However, the key factors for effectively enhancing gas recovery rate in different types of low permeability reservoirs are not the same. Even gas reservoirs with the same macroscopic geological characteristics will show different development characteristics through the production processes.Method: In order to analyze the factors affecting the effective production rate of low-permeability gas reservoirs, it is necessary to conduct research from the microscopic perspective, to reveal the effective production conditions of natural gas in low-permeability reservoirs. In this study, low-permeability carbonate samples of Sinian Dengying Formation from Sichuan Basin were taken. Micro-CT scanning technology was used to obtain core images for the carbonate rocks, and the digital carbonate core models at microscopic scale were reconstructed. Based on the reconstructed carbonate digital core models, LBM method was applied to obtain the absolute permeability of the core models.Results: The results imply that the porosity, pore area fraction, throat area fraction, mean throat length, shape factor, coordination number and tortuosity are the factors affecting the absolute permeability of carbonate rocks.Discussion: Subsequently, the relationship between different pore structure parameters and absolute permeability was obtained by multi-parameter fitting method, which provided a new research method for directly predicting the absolute permeability of carbonate rocks by using pore structure parameters.
Late Cenozoic cooling and evolution history of the Kangmar dome in southern Tibet: Insights from inverse thermal modeling
Authors: Ma Zining , Han Zhongpeng , Li Yalin , Xu Tiankun , Han Xu , Bi Wenjun , Zhang Wenzhong 
Published: April 2023

The North Himalayan Gneiss Domes, which are essential parts of the Cenozoic extensional structures in Southern Tibet, record the thermal and tectonic processes that occurred after the India-Asian collision and are thought to be effective structures regulating post-collision intracontinental deformation. However, it is still unclear how these domes are formed and how they contribute to the regulation process. Here, we performed detailed geological mapping, elevation transect sampling, low-temperature thermochronological testing, and 3D modeling on the Kangmar dome, which is located west of the N‒S treading Yadong-Gulu rift, and its core-cover contact fault is suspected to be the northern continuation of the South Tibetan Detachment System (STDS). Our analysis revealed a discrepancy in the deformation histories of the dome’s northern and southern portions. We proposed a model in which the core-cover contact fault of the Kangmar dome was a part of the South Tibetan Detachment System and the doming event that occurred at ∼12.2 Ma was dominated by thrust stacking of the southward mid-crustal channel flow. The rapid cooling following the middle Miocene was possibly influenced by the N‒S Trending Yadong-Gulu rift activity. The present landscape was shaped by the incision of the Nianchu River, which was accompanied by increased glacial activity during the Pleistocene. Our findings enhance the intracontinental deformation patterns following collisions and shed light on the numerous domes in Himalayas and other orogenic belts.
Building school leaders’ instructional leadership capacity through virtual professional leadership learning communities
Authors: Pashmforoosh Roya , Irby Beverly J. , Lara-Alecio Rafael , Tong Fuhui 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionResearch is still emerging on how to develop school leaders’ instructional capacity. We implemented research-based practices through virtual professional leadership learning communities (VPLCs) for building school leaders’ instructional capacity. We examined school leaders’ perceptions of (a) the effectiveness of the VPLC as a vehicle for improving instructional practices, (b) the essential components of an effective VPLC, and (c) school leaders’ instructional leadership practices through discussions within VPLC.MethodsThe participants of this study were 40 school leaders at the principal and assistant principal levels in elementary schools in the state of Texas. Based on the research purpose and design, multiple types of data were collected to explore participants’ perceptions and experiences of VPLC.ResultsBased on both qualitative and quantitative analyses of the data from questionnaires and interviews, we found that this VPLC allowed participants to share leadership research and resources and provided them with an avenue for collaborating and communicating with other school leaders. The results of the qualitative data revealed two major components that the participants thought a VPLC should provide based on their experiences in the program (a) community building through collaboration and (b) reflective modules and discussion.DiscussionAn SST explanation can potentially reduce some aspects of homophobia among both healthcare professionals and lay people. Also, worryingly, Chinese healthcare professionals, especially medical professionals, reported more homophobia than lay individuals These VPLCs were regarded as grounds for innovation, as participants worked together with other school leaders to find problems and determine creative and workable solutions focused on building instructional capacity in serving high-needs schools. Thus, school leaders can be supported through sustained, effective professional learning in communities of practice, or virtual professional leadership learning communities.
Low rectus femoris mass index is closely associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Wang Lina , Lin Xiaopu , Huang Haishan , Wang Yanfang , Liang Xinxin , Zheng Xiaobin , Xu Lingling 
Published: April 2023

AimsTo assess the association of rectus femoris mass index (RFMI) with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsTotally 948 T2DM cases were enrolled. Nerve conduction parameters, quantitative sensory threshold and rectus femoris cross-sectional area (RFCSA) were obtained, and rectus femoris mass index (RFMI=RFCSA/height2) was derived. The patients were assigned to four groups based on interquartile spacing of RFMI.ResultsMotor/sensory nerve amplitude and conduction velocity (CV) were significantly lower in the low-level RFMI groups (all P&lt;0.05). RFMI was positively associated with mean motor/sensory nerve amplitude and CV (both P&lt;0.05). T2DM duration above 10 years and RFMI below 2.37cm²/m² had significant associations with DPN (both P&lt;0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated cutoffs for T2DM duration and RFMI of 7 years and 2.2 cm²/m², respectively (AUC=0.75, 95% CI: 0.72-0.79; sensitivity, 68.4%; specificity, 66.8%).ConclusionDPN is significantly associated with reduced RFMI in T2DM patients. Decreased muscle mass seems to be associated with motor/sensory nerve amplitude and CV. RFMI combined with T2DM duration may represent a potent tool for predicting DPN occurrence in T2DM cases.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2100049150.
Association between different metabolic phenotypes of obesity and thyroid disorders among Chinese adults: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Song Bo , Lu Cihang , Teng Di , Shan Zhongyan , Teng Weiping 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundIncreased body mass index (BMI) and metabolic abnormalities both have potential associations with thyroid disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between different metabolic phenotypes of obesity and thyroid disorders using nationwide data from China.MethodsData were collected from a cross-sectional survey called the Thyroid Disorders, Iodine Status, and Diabetes Epidemiological Survey conducted between 2015 and 2017 in China. A total of 69007 subjects aged 18 years or older were defined and divided into six groups on the basis of BMI and metabolic health status: metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolically unhealthy normal weight (MUNW), metabolically healthy overweight (MHOW), metabolically unhealthy overweight (MUOW), metabolically healthy obesity (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO). We estimated the odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals [CIs] for different thyroid disorders according to metabolic phenotypes using multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsIn our study, we found that the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism was almost as high in the MUNW group as in the MUO group, the prevalence of overt hyperthyroidism was highest in the MUNW group and Graves’ disease was highest in the MHO group. Our results also suggested that the prevalence of goiter and thyroid nodules increased with increased BMI values and that the MUO group had the highest incidence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that subjects with unhealthy metabolic phenotypes (MUNW, MUOW, and MUO) all had an increased risk of subclinical hypothyroidism, regardless of their BMI. MUNW subjects had an approximately 1.6-fold higher risk of overt hyperthyroidism and a 1.8-fold higher risk of Graves’ disease than their metabolically healthy counterparts (MHNW). The present study also demonstrated that the MUO group had the highest risk of goiter and thyroid nodules among the metabolic phenotypes of obesity.ConclusionBased on our study, we found that metabolic abnormalities and obesity play different roles in various thyroid diseases. Metabolically unhealthy individuals, both with and without obesity, have a higher risk of thyroid disorders than metabolically healthy individuals without obesity.
The interplay of sex steroid hormones and microRNAs in endometrial cancer: current understanding and future directions
Authors: Thakur Lovlesh , Thakur Sunil 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionEndometrial cancer is a hormone-dependent malignancy, and sex steroid hormones play a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate the expression of sex steroid hormone receptors and modulate hormone signaling pathways. Our aim is to provide an overview of the current understanding of the role of miRNAs in endometrial cancer regulated by sex steroid hormone pathways.MethodsA thorough literature search was carried out in the PubMed database. The articles published from 2018 to the present were included. Keywords related to miRNAs, endometrial cancer, and sex steroid hormones were used in the search.ResultsDysregulation of miRNAs has been linked to abnormal sex steroid hormone signaling and the development of endometrial cancer. Various miRNAs have been identified as modulators of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression, and the miRNA expression profile has been shown to be a predictor of response to hormone therapy. Additionally, specific miRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of genes involved in hormone-related signaling pathways, such as the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK/ERK pathways.ConclusionThe regulation of sex steroid hormones by miRNAs is a promising area of research in endometrial cancer. Future studies should focus on elucidating the functional roles of specific miRNAs in sex steroid hormone signaling and identifying novel miRNA targets for hormone therapy in endometrial cancer management.
Transcriptomic insights into adenoid cystic carcinoma via RNA sequencing
Authors: Tang Yu-Fang , An Pu-Gen , Gu Bao-Xin , Yi Shu , Hu Xiao , Wu Wen-Jie , Zhang Jie 
Published: April 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanisms of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) at the transcriptome level.Materials and methods: We obtained paired tumor and normal salivary gland tissues from 15 ACC patients, which were prepared for RNA sequencing.Results: Gene enrichment analysis revealed that the upregulated pathways were mainly involved in axonogenesis, and the downregulated pathways were mainly related to leukocyte migration, the adaptive immune response, lymphocyte-mediated immunity, and the humoral immune response. T-cells, B-cells and NK cells showed low infiltration in ACC tissues. In addition to the gene fusions MYB-NFIB and MYBL1-NFIB, a new gene fusion, TVP23C-CDRT4, was also detected in 3 ACC tissues. PRAME was significantly upregulated in ACC tissues, while antigen-presenting human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes were downregulated.Conclusion: We found a new gene fusion, TVP23C-CDRT4, that was highly expressed in ACC. PRAME may be an attractive target for ACC immunotherapy.