bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What scholarly practice means to respiratory therapists: An interpretive description study
Authors: Zaccagnini Marco , Bussières André , Kim Sungha , Nugus Peter , West Andrew , Thomas Aliki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRationaleEngagement in scholarly practice has been associated with professional empowerment, role satisfaction and improvements in care delivery and patient outcomes across many healthcare professions. However, in evolving professions like respiratory therapy, scholarly practice is excluded from competency frameworks, resulting in a gap in education and subsequent application of this competency in practice. An exploration of scholarly practice in respiratory therapy may provide insights into evolving professions that face tensions between meeting competency requirements as outlined in frameworks and providing quality healthcare to the populations they serve.Aims and ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to explore what scholarly practice means, and how it manifests in practice from respiratory therapists' (RTs) perspectives.MethodsWe used interpretive description methodology. We purposively sampled participants to obtain varied perspectives of scholarly practice in respiratory therapy. We conducted 26 semistructured interviews with RTs in different roles (clinicians, educators, researchers, leaders and managers) across Canada and analysed the data using inductive analysis. Data collection and analysis proceeded concurrently.ResultsWe developed five main themes: (i) the identity of a scholarly practitioner in RTs; (ii) factors influencing scholarly practice; (iii) one's impression of their professional self‐image; (iv) scholarly practice as a vehicle for changing practice and (v) the complex interconnections between knowledges and practices.ConclusionScholarly practice appears to be a multifaceted phenomenon encompassing a wide range of activities and skills including conducting research, reflective practice, application of research to practice, and contributing to the advancement of the profession and healthcare. Scholarly practice is influenced by organisational context and culture, available resources, intrinsic motivation and external political context. We identified similarities between professional identity and the description of the scholarly practitioner, suggesting that these two phenomena may be interconnected. Furthermore, participants believed that scholarly practice could enhance the image, credibility, legitimacy and professionalisation of the profession.
Ultrasound‐guided aspiration in addition to antibiotics for treatment of liver abscess in children: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Narang Manish , Shah Dheeraj , Narang Shiva , Gupta Natasha , Upreti Lalendra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimThe criteria for aspiration for pediatric liver abscess are unclear. In this randomized controlled trial, we evaluated the efficacy of ultrasound‐guided needle aspiration in addition to antibiotics in children with uncomplicated liver abscess.MethodsWe enrolled 110 children aged 1–18 years (mean [SD] = 7.7 [3.7] years) with uncomplicated liver abscess. The primary outcome was clinical cure at 6 weeks (absence of fever and abdominal pain in the preceding 14 days with reduction in abscess size on ultrasonography). The secondary outcomes were clinical response at 4 weeks, fever resolution time, time to abdominal pain reduction and abdominal tenderness, duration of hospitalization, and treatment failure.ResultsClinical cure at 6 weeks was not significantly different (48/50 [96%] vs 39/46 [85%]; P = 0.082) between aspiration plus antibiotics group and antibiotics only group. The clinical response at 4 weeks was also comparable (49/50 [98%] vs 43/46 [93.5%]; P = 0.347). The mean (SD) of fever resolution time was significantly less in the aspiration plus antibiotics group (198 [90.8] h vs 248.2 [104.6] h; P = 0.014). Time to achieve reduction in abdominal pain (8.32 [3.1] vs 9.46 [3.1] days; P = 0.077) and abdominal tenderness (5.7 [2.4] vs 6.3 [2.3] days; P = 0.242), duration of hospitalization (16.6 [3.9] vs 18.2 [4.4] days; P = 0.07), and adverse event profile (9/50 [18%] vs 14/46 [30%]; P = 0.217) were comparable between the two groups.ConclusionMajority of children with uncomplicated liver abscess achieved clinical cure at 6 weeks with intravenous antibiotics, irrespective of aspiration. However, needle aspiration may slightly reduce the duration of fever and abdominal pain/abdominal tenderness.
Food insecurity in adults with severe mental illness: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Smith Jo , Stevens Heidi , Lake Amelia A. , Teasdale Scott , Giles Emma L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionFood insecurity in adults living with Severe Mental Illness (SMI) is an underresearched area worldwide.AimThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to identify and collate evidence on food insecurity in adults with SMI, in high‐ and upper‐middle income countries.MethodA comprehensive electronic search was completed up to August 2022. Random effects meta‐analysis was undertaken to determine the prevalence and the odds ratio for food insecurity in adults with SMI. Narrative synthesis explored the data further.ResultsSixteen publications were included (13 in the meta‐analysis). The prevalence estimate of food insecurity in adults with SMI was 41% (95% CI: 29% to 53%, I2 = 99.9%, n = 13). Adults with SMI were 3.31 (95% CI: 2.03 to 5.41) times more likely to experience food insecurity than comparators without SMI (z = 6.29, p < .001, I2 = 98.9%, n = 6). Food insecurity appears to be a risk factor for developing SMI.DiscussionThis review suggests adults with SMI living in high‐ or upper‐middle income countries are more likely to experience food insecurity than the general population and that this relationship may be inverse.Implications for practiceMental health practitioners should be aware of food insecurity and support individuals with SMI to access sufficient food.
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver: The challenge of diagnosis
Authors: Liu Ye‐Min , Lei Ya‐Li , Liu Fang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdenosquamous carcinoma of the liver is extremely rare. We report a case of adenosquamous carcinoma in the intrahepatic bile duct of a 56‐year‐old woman who complained of persistent abdominal pain, shivering and hyperthermia. Computed tomography demonstrated a solid‐cystic neoplasm in segment 5/6/8 of the liver with a gradual enhancement pattern in the solid area. However, postoperative pathological examination showed adenosquamous carcinoma of intrahepatic bile duct.
Selecting the Vertebra above Sagittal Stable Vertebra as the Distal Fusion Level in Scheuermann's Kyphosis: A Prospective Study with a Minimum of 2‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Xu Yanjie , Ling Chen , Xu Hui , Kiram Abdukahar , Li Jie , Hu Zongshan , Zhu Zezhang , Qiu Yong , Liu Zhen 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThe proper selection of the lower instrumented vertebra (LIV) remains controversial in the surgical treatment of Scheuermann's disease and there is a paucity of studies investigating the clinical outcomes of fusion surgery when selecting the vertebra one level proximal to the sagittal stable vertebra (SSV‐1) as LIV. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether SSV‐1 could be a valid LIV for Scheuermann kyphosis (SK) patients with different curve patterns.MethodsThis was a prospective study on consecutive SK patients treated with posterior surgery between January 2018 and September 2020, in which the distal fusion level ended at SSV‐1. The LIV was selected at SSV‐1 only in patients with Risser >2 and with LIV translation less than 40 mm. All of the patients had a minimum of 2‐year follow‐up. Patients were further grouped based on the sagittal curve pattern as thoracic kyphosis (TK, n = 23) and thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK, n = 13). Radiographic parameters including global kyphosis (GK), lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), LIV translation, pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS) were measured preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the latest follow‐up. The intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. The Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)‐22 scores were performed to evaluate clinical outcomes.ResultsA total of 36 patients were recruited in this study, with 23 in the TK group and 13 in the TLK group. In TK group, the GK was significantly decreased from 80.8° ± 10.1° to 45.4° ± 7.7° after surgery, and was maintained at 45.3° ± 8.6° at the final follow‐up. While in the TLK group, GK was significantly decreased from 70.7° ± 9.2° to 39.1° ± 5.4° after surgery (p < 0.001) and to 39.3° ± 4.5° at the final follow‐up. Meanwhile, despite presenting with different sagittal alignment, significant improvement was observed in LL, SVA, and LIV translation for both TK and TLK groups (p < 0.05). Self‐reported scores of pain and self‐image in TK group and scores of self‐image and function in TLK group showed significant improvement at the final follow‐up (all p < 0.05). Distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) was observed in two patients (8.7%) in TK group, and one patient (7.7%) in TLK group. No revision surgery was performed.ConclusionSelecting SSV‐1 as LIV can achieve satisfactory radiographic and clinical outcomes for SK patients with different curve patterns without increasing the risk of DJK. This selection strategy could be a favorable option for SK patients with Risser sign >2 and LIV translation less than 40 mm.
Outcomes of minimal oral sedation in patients treated in a dental school setting: A retrospective study
Authors: Desai Jhanvi , Marchini Leonardo , Peter Tabitha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionMinimal sedation (Anxiolysis) is used in dentistry to reduce stress, manage anxiety, and improve patient comfort during treatment. The oral route of minimal sedation is safe and convenient, but there is limited literature assessing the efficacy of this mode of patient care. This paper aims to evaluate the outcomes of oral sedation use for patients treated in a dental school setting using a retrospective cohort analysis of electronic health record data.MethodsA total of 6872 patient records were selected after screening through the selection criteria. Demographic and treatment variables were obtained and analyzed. The appointment status was identified as a success or failure depending on the treatment codes assigned for that appointment. A multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate relationships between appointment status and the obtained variables.ResultsLess than 3% patients had a ‘failure outcome’ when this data set was evaluated. Being treated in multiple clinics and being seen by multiple providers were both factors that increased the odds of success.ConclusionOral anxiolytics should be considered as a noteworthy option for patient management based on the outcomes reflected in this study. There is some evidence that seeing multiple providers improves the success rate of completing dental procedures carried out under oral sedation.
Retrospective study evaluating the efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy for the treatment of confirmed or suspected primary pulmonary carcinomas in dogs
Authors: Martin Tiffany Wormhoudt , LaRue Susan M. , Griffin Lynn , Leary Del , Boss Mary‐Keara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCanine primary pulmonary carcinomas (PCCs) are commonly treated with surgery with overall median survival times (MST) around a year; however, due to extent of disease, prognosis, or client preference, alternative treatments have been considered. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has been utilized in human cancer patients for local control of lung tumours as a surgical alternative. Twenty‐one PCCs in 19 dogs that received SBRT for local control were retrospectively evaluated. Dogs were staged according to the canine lung carcinoma stage classification (CLCSC) system with three as Stage 1, five as Stage 2, three as Stage 3, and eight as Stage 4. Overall MST was 343 days with 38% of patients alive at 1 year. Stage did not significantly impact survival time (p = .72). Five (26%) dogs had lymphadenopathy and MST was not significantly different from dogs without lymphadenopathy (343 vs. 353 days;p = .54). Five out of 18 evaluable dogs (28%) experienced acute lung VRTOG effects and 2 of 12 dogs (17%) experienced late lung VRTOG effects. Median lung dose, V5, V20, and D30 to the lung did not correlate significantly with the development of adverse radiation events. Twelve dogs had follow‐up imaging and the best response included a complete response (17%), partial response (42%), and stable disease (42%). Progressive disease was noted in seven dogs a median of 229 days after SBRT. SBRT was documented to be a safe and effective alternative to surgery and may have survival advantages for Stage 3 or 4 dogs according to the CLCSC.
Efficacy of the combination of milbemycin oxime and afoxolaner for the control of myiasis by Musca domestica in desert tortoises (Gopherus berlandieri)
Authors: Fuantos Gámez Braulio Alejandro , Sánchez Cisneros Jocelín Selene , Miranda Contreras Laura , Romero Núñez Camilo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe efficacy of the combination of milbemycin oxime and afoxolaner was evaluated in desert tortoises infested with fly larvae. Oral administration of the combination of milbemycin oxime and afoxolaner eliminated the infestation without generating any evident adverse effects on the tortoises.
Student Perceptions of Program Quality: The Value of the Commission on Sport Management Accreditation in the Strategic Development of Sport Management Curricula
Authors: Sellars Nicole , Atwater Christopher , Corr Christopher , Martin Christina 
Published: August 2023

A routine critique of programmatic accreditation in the academic discipline of sport management is the tangible return from investment in specialized accreditation. As the sole accrediting body offering programmatic accreditation in the field of sport management education, the Commission on Sport Management Accreditation (COSMA) provides members with a systematic outcome-oriented approach to assist in the development of holistic sport management undergraduate and graduate degree programs. A strategic emphasis on professional competencies’ (e.g., Common Professional Components) and student outcomes’ assessment positions COSMA to be of unique value to accredited programs, specifically in the area of curriculum development. Utilizing direct student feedback, this study examined student perceptions of a sport management undergraduate curriculum at a COSMA-accredited institution. Results indicated that undergraduate students found COSMA-accredited sport management courses to be enjoyable, relevant, and of practical value. Findings are illustrative of the significance of programmatic accreditation through COSMA to the sampled institution in both systematic curriculum development and student perceptions of quality.
Comment on “Dying in the Sun: Direct evidence for elevated UV-B radiation at the end-Permian mass extinction”
Authors: Seddon Alistair W. R. , Zimmermann Boris 
Published: August 2023

Liu
et al.
present evidence of increased abundance of UV-B–absorbing compounds in fossilized sporomorphs at the end-Permian mass extinction based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Their approach assumes that UV-B–absorbing compounds are present in the fossilized sporomorphs spanning the extinction interval and that they can be quantified using FTIR. However, further analysis reveals that the signal that they aim to focus on is weak and poorly resolved against nonrandom background interference most likely associated with water vapor. We also show that the peak detection methods that they use are inappropriate for use on these fossil sporomorphs because their methods select only 3.9% of the spectra at the target waveband of interest. The reconstruction that they present is based on baseline variations in the spectra and cannot be confidently attributed to variations in UV-B–absorbing compounds. “Direct” evidence for UV-B radiation at the end-Permian mass extinction cannot be claimed to have been observed in this record.
Quantitative proteomics reveals unique responses to antimicrobial treatments in clinical
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
isolates
Authors: Goodyear Mara C. , Seidel Laura , Krieger Jonathan R. , Geddes-McAlister Jennifer , Levesque Roger C. , Khursigara Cezar M. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Epidemic strains of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
often have increased levels of antibiotic resistance, and these resistance phenotypes are difficult to predict. We used quantitative proteomics to compare the responses of laboratory strain PAO1 and two isolates of the Liverpool epidemic strain (LES) to four antibiotics and hydrogen peroxide. The majority of proteome changes were unique to either one isolate or treatment, but smaller groups of proteins were differentially abundant in more than one sample. Proteins in these shared adaptive responses represent promising avenues for further investigation to understand the contribution of these proteins to resistance and their potential as targets for novel treatments. We observed the largest overlap between the proteome profiles of PAO1 challenged with tobramycin and hydrogen peroxide, and our data support previous work suggesting a role for heat shock protein IbpA in response to tobramycin. Our proteome profiling uncovered extensive changes in LESB58 in response to carbenicillin, with more than 1,000 proteins significantly changed in abundance. This included unique changes in the abundance of proteins involved in cell wall synthesis and division. We used phase contrast microscopy to check for corresponding changes in cell morphology and show that LESB58 maintained shorter cell lengths under treatment with β-lactams. We propose that the ability to maintain the processes of cell wall synthesis and division through changes in protein abundances contributes to the high levels of β-lactam resistance in LESB58.

IMPORTANCE

Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is an important pathogen often associated with hospital-acquired infections and chronic lung infections in people with cystic fibrosis.
P. aeruginosa
possesses a wide array of intrinsic and adaptive mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, and the regulation of these mechanisms is complex. Label-free quantitative proteomics is a powerful tool to compare susceptible and resistant strains of bacteria and their responses to antibiotic treatments. Here we compare the proteomes of three isolates of
P. aeruginosa
with different antibiotic resistance profiles in response to five challenge conditions. We uncover unique and shared proteome changes for the widely used laboratory strain PAO1 and two isolates of the Liverpool epidemic strain of
P. aeruginosa
, LESlike1 and LESB58. Our data set provides insight into antibiotic resistance in clinically relevant
Pseudomonas
isolates and highlights proteins, including those with uncharacterized functions, which can be further investigated for their role in adaptive responses to antibiotic treatments.
Microbial communities related to the sulfur cycle in the Sansha Yongle Blue Hole
Authors: Sun Kai , Yu Min , Zhu Xiao-Yu , Xue Chun-Xu , Zhang Yunhui , Chen Xing , Yao Peng , Chen Lin , Fu Liang , Yang Zuosheng , Zhang Xiao-Hua 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

The Sansha Yongle Blue Hole (SYBH), the deepest blue hole in the world, is an excellent habitat for revealing biogeochemical cycles in the anaerobic environment. However, how sulfur cycling is mediated by microorganisms in the SYBH hasn’t been fully understood. In this study, the water layers of the SYBH were divided into oxic zone, hypoxic zone, anoxic zone I and II, and microbial-mediated sulfur cycling in the SYBH was comprehensively interpreted. The 16S rRNA genes/transcripts analyses showed that the microbial community structures associated with the sulfur cycling in each zone had distinctive features. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were mostly constituted by
Gammaproteobacteria
,
Alphaproteobacteria
,
Campylobacterota,
and
Chlorobia
above the anoxic zone I and sulfate-reducing bacteria were dominated by
Desulfobacterota
in anoxic zones. Metagenomic analyses showed that the sulfide-oxidation-related gene
sqr
and genes encoding the Sox system were mainly distributed in the anoxic zone I, while genes related to dissimilatory sulfate reduction and sulfur intermediate metabolite reduction were mainly distributed in the anoxic zone II, indicating different sulfur metabolic processes between these two zones. Moreover, sulfur-metabolism-related genes were identified in 81 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), indicating a high diversity of microbial communities involved in sulfur cycling. Among them, three MAGs from the candidate phyla JdFR-76 and AABM5-125-24 with genes related to dissimilatory sulfate reduction exhibited distinctive metabolic features. Our results showed unique and novel microbial populations in the SYBH sulfur cycle correlated to the sharp redox gradients, revealing complex biogeochemical processes in this extreme environment.

IMPORTANCE
Oxygen-deficient regions in the global ocean are expanding rapidly and affect the growth, reproduction and ecological processes of marine organisms. The anaerobic water body of about 150 m in the Sansha Yongle Blue Hole (SYBH) provided a suitable environment to study the specific microbial metabolism in anaerobic seawater. Here, we found that the vertical distributions of the total and active communities of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were different in each water layer of the SYBH according to the dissolved oxygen content. Genes related to sulfur metabolism also showed distinct stratification characteristics. Furthermore, we have obtained diverse metagenome-assembled genomes, some of which exhibit special sulfur metabolic characteristics, especially candidate phyla JdFR-76 and AABM5-125-24 were identified as potential novel SRB. The results of this study will promote further understanding of the sulfur cycle in extreme environments, as well as the environmental adaptability of microorganisms in blue holes.
The dual functions of KDM7A in HBV replication and immune microenvironment
Authors: Yang Di , Tian Renyun , Deng Rilin , Xue Binbin , Liu Shun , Wang Luoling , Li Huiyi , Liu Qian , Wan Mengyu , Tang Songqing , Wang Xiaohong , Zhu Haizhen 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

KDM7A (lysine demethylase 7A, also known as JHDM1D) is a histone demethylase, it is mainly involved in the intracellular post-translational modifications process. Recently, it has been proved that the histone demethylase members can regulate the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the expression of key molecules in the Janus-activated kinase-signal transducer and activator of the transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway by chromatin modifying mechanisms. In our study, we identify novel roles of KDM7A in HBV replication and immune microenvironment through two subjects: pathogen and host. On the one hand, KDM7A is highly expressed in HBV-infected cells and promotes HBV replication
in vitro
and
in vivo
. Moreover, KDM7A interacts with HBV covalently closed circular DNA and augments the activity of the HBV core promoter. On the other hand, KDM7A can remodel the immune microenvironment. It inhibits the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) through the IFN-γ/JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway in both hepatocytes and macrophages. Further study shows that KDM7A interacts with JAK2 and STAT1 and affects their methylation. In general, we demonstrate the dual functions of KDM7A in HBV replication and immune microenvironment, and then we propose a new therapeutic target for HBV infection and immunotherapy.

IMPORTANCE
Histone lysine demethylase KDM7A can interact with covalently closed circular DNA and promote the replication of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The IFN-γ/JAK2/STAT1 signaling pathway in macrophages and hepatocytes is also downregulated by KDM7A. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of HBV infection and the remodeling of the immune microenvironment.