bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oligomerization of photochemically oxidized phenothiazine by nanostructured α‐Fe2O3
Authors: Sobrinho Luiza F , Nascimento Otaciro R , Icimoto Marcelo Y , Lanfredi Alexandre JC , Droppa Roosevelt , Nantes Iseli L 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhenothiazines (PTZs) and their derivatives are a group of compounds that have diverse applications in medicine, the dye industry and advanced materials. Due to the electron–hole donating characteristic, these compounds have also been applied in batteries and solar energy devices. PTZs can be converted into stable radical cations by chemical and photochemical reactions. The PTZ radical cations are reactive for polymerization. The photochemical formation of PTZ radical cations is favored in aggregates by the Type I mechanism in which one molecule in the triplet excited state abstracts one electron from a neighbor molecule. In the present study, 10H‐phenothiazine (PHT) was dissolved in chloroform and converted to the radical cation species (PHT•+) by UV light irradiation. The radical cation was characterized by UV–visible absorption and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques. Addition of α‐Fe2O3 nanorods and nanowires to PHT•+ chloroform solution promoted its color change from orange to blue‐green. Absorption measurement revealed a significant decrease of the UV and visible bands assigned to radical cation species and the appearance of a broad band at the spectral region of 650 nm. The blue‐green solution was dried, leading to the formation of crystals that were characterized using the X‐ray diffraction technique. Considering possible PHT oligo(poly)merization, the crystals were analyzed using matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry that corroborated the formation of oligomers containing three, four and five PHT residues and their sulfoxide derivatives. The PHT oligomers retained photosensitivity and exhibited an electron paramagnetic resonance signal indicating possible applications as hole donors in electronic devices. Oligomerization was also obtained by aggregation of PHT•+ in sodium dodecylsulfate micelles indicating that proximity and orientation of the free radical molecules is the mechanism for the oligomerization. Therefore, a new route for PHT oligomerization catalyzed by α‐Fe2O3 nanowires is proposed. The method is readily available, inexpensive and environmentally safe. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Lactate‐based ionic liquids as chiral solvents for cellulose
Authors: Radicke Julian , Roos Eliane , Sebastiani Daniel , Brehm Martin , Kressler Jörg 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report the first example of a chiral polymer—cellulose—being dissolved in both enantiomers of a chiral solvent. We synthesized six room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) based on imidazolium and 1,2,3‐triazolium cations and lactate as chiral anion. Some of them have not been described before. We characterize the dissolution of cellulose in the ILs, which are found to be relatively good cellulose solvents with a solubility of up to 18.5 wt.‐%. At the same time, we find solubility differences of up to a factor of 3 between the enantiomers of the solvent, which is a very pronounced chiral recognition effect. Interestingly, the racemate of the solvent dissolves significantly less cellulose than either enantiopure form, which is a significant deviation from ideal mixing behavior. We also report the physicochemical properties of the six ILs (density, viscosity, decomposition temperature, NMR and circular dichroism spectra). Based on molecular dynamics simulations of the solutions and a model which we have published before, we attempt a semi‐quantitative prediction of the cellulose solubility, which yields solid results for the enantiopure solvents. From the simulation results, we obtain microscopic insight into the hydrogen bond network of the complex mixtures in which many different hydrogen bond donors and acceptors compete.
Soft polymerization of hexamethyldisiloxane by coupling pulsed direct‐liquid injections with dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Cacot Laura , Carnide Guillaume , Kahn Myrtil L. , Naudé Nicolas , Stafford Luc , Clergereaux Richard 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work examines the combination of pulsed direct‐liquid injections with dielectric barrier discharge at atmospheric pressure for the deposition of organosilicon coatings using hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) as the precursor and nitrogen as the carrier gas. In such conditions, deposition relies on the charging of micrometer droplets and their transport toward the substrate by the Coulomb force. The thin‐film morphology and extent of precursor fragmentation are strongly linked to the amount of energy provided by the filamentary discharge to HMDSO droplets. While cross‐linked and smooth coatings were achieved at low energies as in standard gas phase plasma polymers, viscous and droplet‐like structured thin films were deposited at higher energies. The latter material is attributed to the soft polymerization of HMDSO droplets related to plasma–droplet interactions.
Damage to OSG low‐k films during IPVD deposition of the Ta barrier layer
Authors: Serov Alexander O. , Ryabinkin Alexey N. , Vishnevskiy Alexey S. , Naumov Sergej , Pal Alexander F. , Rakhimova Tatyana V. , Seregin Dmitry S. , Vorotilov Konstantin A. , Baklanov Mikhail R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe degradation of a porous organosilicate glass low‐k dielectric during the ionized physical vapor deposition of tantalum coating is studied. The main contribution to the damage is made by vacuum UV flux (1014–1015 s–1 cm–2) from the argon inductively coupled plasma of the ionizer, and the effect of the direct current magnetron sputter plasma is small. The damage by vacuum ultraviolet photons with an energy exceeding the band gap of the SiO2 matrix is associated not only with the removal of carbon‐containing groups (terminal CH3 and bridging CH2) but also with the breaking of Si–O bonds in the Si–O–Si matrix followed by the formation of hydrophilic Si–OH and Si–H groups. Consequently, the degree of damage can be much higher than would be expected from the depth of CH3 group depletion.
Control strategies for atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization of fluorinated silane thin films with antiadhesive properties
Authors: Laghi Giulia , Franco Domenico , Condorelli Guglielmo Guido , Gallerani Riccardo , Guglielmino Salvatore , Laurita Romolo , Morganti Dario , Traina Francesco , Conoci Sabrina , Gherardi Matteo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFinding proper strategies to control plasma polymerization processes is a crucial aspect to produce thin films with tailored characteristics. In this work, the validity of the Yasuda parameter W/FM (W: discharge power and FM: precursor feed rate) as a controlling parameter for a polymerization process assisted by an atmospheric pressure single electrode plasma jet and the aerosolized fluorinated silane precursor trimethoxy(3,3,3‐trifluoropropyl)silane is demonstrated. The properties of thin films deposited under different W/FM values are discussed using attenuated total reflectance—Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), water contact angle (WCA) measurements, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results suggest the presence of two deposition domains as a function of W/FM (an energy‐deficient domain and a monomer‐deficient domain), each inducing coatings with different chemical and physical properties. Furthermore, coatings deposited under the same W/FM values exhibit similar characteristics regardless of the power and feed rate values adopted. Considering the potential use of the deposited coatings to increase the antiadhesive properties of implantable medical devices, preliminary results on coatings' antiadhesive activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are presented.
High altitude pulmonary edema in children: A systematic review
Authors: Ucrós Santiago , Aparicio Camila , Castro‐Rodriguez Jose A. , Ivy Dunbar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionHigh altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a form of acute noncardiogenic pulmonary edema caused by altitude‐related hypoxia seen in children as well as in adults. In this systematic review we focus in HAPE occurring in children and adolescents.MethodsA systematic review was conducted including publications in children 0–18 years of age from three databases up to June 2022.ResultsThirty‐five studies representing 210 cases were found. The mean age was 9.8 ± 3.6 years with a male/female ratio of 2.6. The peak age incidence was seen in children between 6 and 10 years old. Only two children (0.9%) were ≤2 years old. The mean altitude in 166 cases was 2861 masl. Only 17 cases (8.1%) occurred at altitudes below 2500 masl. Regarding the different HAPE subtypes there was a predominance of re‐entry HAPE (R‐HAPE) with 58%, followed by classic HAPE (C‐HAPE) with 37.6%. The mean time between arrival and onset of symptoms was 16.5 h. The mortality rate was 1.4%. In 10/28 (36%) of C‐HAPE cases there was a structural cardiac/pulmonary anomaly compared to 1/19 (5%) in R‐HAPE (p < 0.01). HAPE recurrence was found in 46 cases (21.9%). The involvement in the chest X‐rays was seen predominantly in the apices and in the right lung.ConclusionsR‐HAPE was the most common HAPE subtype; HAPE peak age was found between 6 and 10 years of age; HAPE was more frequent in males and was rare in children under 2 years old; associated HAPE structural abnormalities were more common in C‐HAPE than in R‐HAPE.
Structure and function analysis of Sam68 and hnRNP A1 synergy in the exclusion of exon 7 from SMN2 transcripts
Authors: Nadal Marta , Anton Rosa , Dorca‐Arévalo Jonatan , Estébanez‐Perpiñá Eva , Tizzano Eduardo F. , Fuentes‐Prior Pablo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by the absence of a functional copy of the Survival of Motor Neuron 1 gene (SMN1). The nearly identical paralog, SMN2, cannot compensate for the loss of SMN1 because exon 7 is aberrantly skipped from most SMN2 transcripts, a process mediated by synergistic activities of Src‐associated during mitosis, 68 kDa (Sam68/KHDRBS1) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A1. This results in the production of a truncated, nonfunctional protein that is rapidly degraded. Here, we present several crystal structures of Sam68 RNA‐binding domain (RBD). Sam68‐RBD forms stable symmetric homodimers by antiparallel association of helices α3 from two monomers. However, the details of domain organization and the dimerization interface differ significantly from previously characterized homologs. We demonstrate that Sam68 and hnRNP A1 can simultaneously bind proximal motifs within the central region of SMN2 (ex7). Furthermore, we show that the RNA‐binding pockets of the two proteins are close to each other in their heterodimeric complex and identify contact residues using crosslinking‐mass spectrometry. We present a model of the ternary Sam68·SMN2 (ex7)·hnRNP A1 complex that reconciles all available information on SMN1/2 splicing. Our findings have important implications for the etiology of SMA and open new avenues for the design of novel therapeutics to treat splicing diseases.
Unveiling the biological interface of protein complexes by mass spectrometry‐coupled methods
Authors: Shin Goeun , Lim Sung In 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMost biomolecules become functional and bioactive by forming protein complexes through interaction with ligands that are diverse in size, shape, and physicochemical properties. In the complex biological milieu, the interaction is ligand‐specific, driven by molecular sensing, and involves the recognition of a binding interface localized within a protein structure. Mapping interfaces of protein complexes is a highly sought area of research as it delivers fundamental insights into proteomes and pathology and hence strategies for therapeutics. While X‐ray crystallography and electron microscopy remain the gold standard for structural elucidation of protein complexes, their artificial and static analytic nature often produces a non‐native interface that otherwise might be negligible or non‐existent in a biological environment. Recently, the mass spectrometry‐coupled approaches, chemical crosslinking (CLMS) and hydrogen‐deuterium exchange (HDMS) have become valuable analytic complements to the traditional techniques. These methods explicitly identify hot residues and motifs embedded in binding interfaces, especially when the interaction is predominantly dynamic, transient, and/or caused by an intrinsically disordered domain. Here, we review the principal role of CLMS and HDMS in protein structural biology with a particular emphasis on the contribution of recent examples to exploring biological interfaces. Additionally, we describe recent studies that utilized these methods to expand our understanding of protein complex formation and the related biological processes, to increase the probability of structure‐based drug design.
Evaluation of Bacillus subtilisPTA‐271 and Trichoderma atrovirideSC1 to control Botryosphaeria dieback and black‐foot pathogens in grapevine propagation material
Authors: Leal Catarina , Gramaje David , Fontaine Florence , Richet Nicolas , Trotel‐Aziz Patricia , Armengol Josep 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundGrapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are a complex group of diseases that lead to major economic losses in all wine‐producing countries. The investigation of biocontrol agents (BCAs) capable of forestalling or at least minimizing the development of GTDs has, recently, become a priority. Nursery experiments were set up to (i) assess the biocontrol effect of Trichoderma atroviride (Ta) SC1 and Bacillus subtilis (Bs) PTA‐271, alone and in simultaneous application, against Botryosphaeria dieback (BOT)‐ and black‐foot (BF)‐ associated pathogens during the grapevine propagation process and (ii) evaluate the success of the BCA inoculation during the grapevine propagation process, using quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction techniques.RESULTSThe results demonstrated a significant reduction in the percentage of potentially infected plants and the percentage of fungal isolation from wood fragments of BOT and BF pathogens in nursery material treated with Ta SC1 and Bs PTA‐271, respectively. In one of the experiments, simultaneous treatments with Bs PTA‐271 and Ta SC1 caused a reduction in percentages of potentially infected plants and fungal isolation, from wood fragments containing BOT and BF pathogens.CONCLUSIONThese biological treatments may be relevant components of an integrated approach, using complementary management strategies to limit infection by GTD pathogens, but further research is still needed to elucidate the effectiveness of Bs PTA‐271 and the benefits of simultaneous application with Ta SC1 for the control of GTD pathogens in nurseries. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Exponential stability of nonlinear switched systems with hybrid delayed impulses
Authors: Chen Xiaoying , Liu Yang , Jiang Bangxin , Lu Jianquan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article addresses the exponential stability problem of switched systems with hybrid delayed impulses that depend on both current states and historical states. Some sufficient conditions for exponential stability based on Lyapunov functions are obtained. In particular, the potential stabilizing and destabilizing effects of time delays in impulses are investigated. It is shown that when continuous dynamics are stable, the primal stabilizing impulses may destabilize the system if there exist delays in the impulses. Interestingly, under certain conditions, such delayed impulses cannot destroy the stability of the whole system for all impulsive time sequences with arbitrarily bounded impulsive intervals, and the sizes of the delays in the impulses can theoretically be arbitrarily finite. Finally, to illustrate the validity of the derived results, some examples and simulations are provided.
Iterative learning control based on dynamic time warping for a class of discrete‐time nonlinear systems with varying trial lengths and terminus constraint
Authors: Xia Jingkang , Zhang Ruiqing , Li Yanan , Huang Deqing , Li Xuefang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article proposes a dynamic time warping (DTW)‐based iterative learning control (ILC) scheme for discrete‐time nonlinear systems to tackle the path learning problem with varying trial lengths and terminus constraint. By incorporating the improved DTW algorithm, the varying trial lengths are aligned as a desired length. Meanwhile, this algorithm can find the most similar waypoints between the output and the desired paths, which can be used to design an updating law and facilitate the convergence of path learning. Different from the existing ILC methods based on the probability distribution function for learning trajectory in the time domain, the method in this article can be applied to learn the spatial path corresponding to the desired trajectory. Furthermore, the learning property in the presence of variable initial states is discussed under the proposed method. Several illustrative examples manifest the validity of the proposed DTW‐based ILC algorithm.
Responsive hydrogel microfibers for biomedical engineering
Authors: Guo Jiahui , Luo Zhiqiang , Wang Fengyuan , Gu Hongcheng , Li Minli 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResponsive hydrogel microfibers can realize multiple controllable changes in shapes or properties under the stimulation of the surrounding environment, and are called as intelligent biomaterials. Recently, these responsive hydrogel microfibers have been proved to possess significant biomedical values, and remarkable progress has been achieved in biomedical engineering applications, including drug delivery, biosensors and clinical therapy, etc. In this review, the latest research progress and application prospects of responsive hydrogel microfibers in biomedical engineering are summarized. We first introduce the common preparation strategies of responsive hydrogel microfibers. Subsequently, the response characteristics and the biomedical applications of these materials are discussed. Finally, the present opportunities and challenges as well as the prospects for future development are critically analyzed.
Stem cells for organoids
Authors: Qian Shutong , Mao Jiayi , Liu Zhimo , Zhao Binfan , Zhao Qiuyu , Lu Bolun , Zhang Liucheng , Mao Xiyuan , Cheng Liying , Cui Wenguo , Zhang Yuguang , Sun Xiaoming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOrganoids are three‐dimensional (3D) cell culture systems that simulate the structures and functions of organs, involving applications in disease modeling, drug screening, and cellular developmental biology. The material matrix in organoids can provide a 3D environment for stem cells to differentiate into different cell types and continuously self‐renew, thereby realizing the in vitro culture of organs, which has received extensive attention in recent years. However, some challenges still exist in organoids, including low maturity, high heterogeneity, and lack of spatiotemporal regulation. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the culturing protocols and various applications of stem cell‐derived organoids and proposed insightful thoughts for engineering stem cells into organoids in view of the current shortcomings, to achieve the further application and clinical translation of stem cells and engineered stem cells in organoid research.
Universal Synthesized Strategy for Amorphous Pd‐Based Nanosheets Boosting Ambient Ammonia Electrosynthesis
Authors: Dong Zemeng , Sun Qiyan , Xu Guang‐Rui , Wu Zexing , Li Yanyan , Lai Jianping , Li Guangjiu , Wang Lei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is emerging as a great promise for ambient and sustainable NH3 production while it still suffers from the high adsorption energy of N2, the difficulty of *NN protonation, and inevitable hydrogen evolution, leading to a great challenge for efficient NRR. Herein, we synthesized a series of amorphous trimetal Pd‐based (PdCoM (M = Cu, Ag, Fe, Mo)) nanosheets (NSs) with an ultrathin 2D structure, which shows high efficiency and robust electrocatalytic nitrogen fixation. Among them, amorphous PdCoCu NSs exhibit excellent NRR activity at low overpotentials with an NH3 yield of 60.68 µg h−1 mgcat−1 and a corresponding Faraday efficiency of 42.93% at −0.05 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode as well as outstanding stability with only 5% decrease after a long test period of 40 h at room temperature. The superior NRR activity and robust stability should be attributed to the large specific surface area, abundant active sites as well as structural engineering and electronic effect that boosts up the Pd 4d band center, which further efficiently restrains the hydrogen evolution. This work offers an opportunity for more energy conversion devices through the novel strategy for designing active and stable catalysts.
Defective Homojunction Porphyrin‐Based Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Sonodynamic Therapy
Authors: Zeng Yuxuan , Ouyang Qunle , Yu Yi , Tan Lei , Liu Xiangmei , Zheng Yufeng , Wu Shuilin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSonodynamic therapy (SDT) with non‐invasiveness and high tissue‐penetrating ability has attracted widespread interest in treating deep‐seated tumors or infections. To enhance the treatment efficacy of SDT, the development of high‐efficiency and stable sonosensitizers are still needed. Herein, a defective homojunction porphyrin‐based metal‐organic framework (MOF) with greatly enhanced sonocatalytic ability is easily prepared and used for SDT of osteomyelitis infected by methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Acetic acid and benzoic acid are chosen as modulators during the hydrothermal synthesis of porphyrin‐based MOF. It is found that the crystal structure of MOF shifts from PCN‐222 to PCN‐224 as the amount of acetic acid increases. Interestingly, the defective PCN (D‐PCN) contains a two‐phase homojunction structure of PCN‐222/PCN‐224. The sonocatalytic reactive oxygen species production presents a volcano‐type trend with increased acetic acid, among which D‐PCN‐2 with more content of PCN‐224 has the best sonocatalytic antibacterial ability. The reduced band gap introduced a defect, and type‐II homojunction structures of D‐PCN‐2 improve the separation of the ultrasound‐triggered electron hole, which significantly enhances the SDT effect. Through a mixed linker approach, this work develops a new defect‐induced homojunction MOF with great performance for SDT of MRSA‐infected osteomyelitis.
Recent Progress in Photodynamic Immunotherapy with Metal‐Based Photosensitizers
Authors: Xiong Kai , Wei Fangmian , Chen Yu , Ji Liangnian , Chao Hui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer ranks as a leading cause of death. There is an urgent need to develop minimally invasive methods to eradicate tumors and prevent their recurrence. As a light‐driven modality, photodynamic therapy takes advantage of high tumor selectivity and low normal tissue damage. However, it shows poor potential for preventing tumor recurrence. Immunotherapy is currently being used as an alternative treatment for the control of malignant diseases. Although immunotherapy can establish long‐time immune memory and efficiently protects treated patients from cancer relapse, its clinical efficacy is limited by the minority of patients’ responding rate. Recently, photodynamic immunotherapy, which utilizes photosensitizers as an immunotherapy trigger to exert synergistic effects of photodynamic therapy and tumor immunotherapy, has attracted considerable interest. Like all the newly proposed treatments, there is still room for improvement. In this mini review, the progress in photodynamic immunotherapy with metal‐based photosensitizers is summarized. It is hoped that this review can give a broad update on photodynamic immunotherapy and inspire readers.