bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact on habitual crossfit participant's exercise behavior, health, and well‐being: A cross‐sectional survey of UK COVID‐19 lockdowns
Authors: Redwood‐Brown Athalie , Wilson Jennifer , Felton Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe period between March 2020 and March 2021 saw an unprecedented change to everyday life due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. This included the closure of businesses in the health and fitness sector. Such closures impacted people in several ways; increasing stress, reducing mental well‐being, and decreasing motivation to exercise. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of UK lockdowns on the behavior, motives, and general health & well‐being of CrossFit™ gym members in the United Kingdom.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted on 757 CrossFit™ participants (height 1.71 ± 0.10 m; weight 76.4 ± 16.1 kg; body mass index [BMI]: 26.1 ± 4.7 kg/m²) using an online survey, which included questions pertaining to COVID‐19, lockdown behaviors, motivation, health, and well‐being. Participants also reported on their training background and exercise habits during lockdown restrictions.ResultsDifferences were observed in levels of exercise (p = 0.004), motivation to train at home (p < 0.001), and the feeling of being more stressed during the second lockdown compared with the first lockdown (p = 0.008). It was also highlighted that motivation to exercise was lower and stress levels significantly higher, in the 18–24 and 25–34 age groups compared with older ages groups.ConclusionThis study found that exercise behavior, motivation, and stress levels were significantly impacted by the second government‐imposed lockdown. It is argued that these factors need to be addressed in planning for future National lockdowns to maintain the health and well‐being of UK residents, especially in younger adults.
Associations between risk factors, developmental outcomes, and executive function in neonatal intensive care unit graduates at 2 years: A retrospective study
Authors: Miller Kerry , Prokasky Amanda , Roberts Holly , McMorris Carol , Needelman Howard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study explores the extent to which medical and sociodemographic variables and cognitive and language skills are associated with executive function (EF) skills in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates at 24 months of adjusted age. We explored cognitive, language, and EF skills in 42 NICU graduates who participated in a NICU follow‐up programme clinic. The association between risk factors and EF and the completion of the EF assessment were explored. Correlational analyses revealed that child gender was associated with EF scores. Analyses revealed cognitive skills, language skills, and multiple gestational births were associated with EF assessment completion. Our findings are among the first to examine EF skills in NICU graduates as young as 24 months of age using a multidimensional, child completed measure. Implications for NICU follow up programmes, the consideration of early interventions aimed to positively affect EF skills, and considerations for future studies are discussed.
Safe haven in adolescence: Improving parental reflective functioning and youth attachment and mental health with the Connecting and Reflecting Experience
Authors: Zayde Amanda , Derella Olivia J. , Kilbride Anna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAttachment security provides a well‐documented protective developmental function for children exposed to individual‐ and community‐level trauma, yet the effectiveness of prevention and intervention efforts targeting attachment during adolescence has been relatively underexplored. The Connecting and Reflecting Experience (CARE) program is a transdiagnostic, bi‐generational, group‐based, mentalizing‐focused parenting intervention developed to dismantle the intergenerational transmission of trauma and support secure attachment relationships across the developmental spectrum within an under‐resourced community. This exploratory study evaluated outcomes among caregiver‐adolescent dyads (N = 32) in the CARE condition of a nonrandomized clinical trial at an outpatient mental health clinic within a diverse, urban U.S. community with disproportionate trauma exposure exacerbated by COVID‐19. Caregivers predominantly identified as Black/African/African American (47%), Hispanic/Latina (38%), and/or White (19%). At pre‐ and post‐intervention, caregivers completed questionnaires regarding parental mentalizing and their adolescents’ psychosocial functioning. Adolescents completed scales regarding attachment and psychosocial functioning. Results showed a significant decrease in caregivers’ prementalizing on the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire, improvement in adolescent psychosocial functioning on the Youth Outcomes Questionnaire, and an increase in adolescents’ reports of attachment security on the Security Scale. These preliminary findings suggest that mentalizing‐focused parenting interventions may be effective in fostering improved attachment security and psychosocial functioning during adolescence.
Mothering from the Inside Out: Results of a community‐based randomized efficacy trial testing a mentalization‐based parenting intervention for mothers with addictions
Authors: Lowell Amanda F. , DeCoste Cindy , Dalton Rachel , Dias Hailey , Borelli Jessica L. , Martino Steve , McMahon Thomas J. , Suchman Nancy E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMothering from the Inside Out (MIO) is a mentalization‐based parenting intervention developed to address challenges common among mothers experiencing substance use disorders (SUDs) and previously deemed effective when delivered by research clinicians. This randomized clinical trial was designed to test the efficacy of MIO when delivered by community‐based addiction counselors in Connecticut, USA. Ninety‐four mothers [M(SD)age = 31.01(4.01) years; 75.53% White] caring for a child 11–60 months of age were randomly assigned to participate in 12 sessions of either MIO or psychoeducation. Caregiving, psychiatric, and substance use outcomes were assessed repeatedly from baseline through 12‐week follow‐up. Mothers who participated in MIO showed decreased certainty about their child's mental states, and decreased depression; their children demonstrated increased clarity of cues. Participation in MIO was not associated with the same degree of improvement that was observed in prior trials where MIO was delivered by research clinicians. However, when delivered by community‐based clinicians, MIO may be protective against a deterioration in caregiving over time often seen in mothers with addictions. The drop in efficacy of MIO in this trial raises questions about intervention‐intervenor fit. Research should examine factors influencing MIO effectiveness to close the science‐to‐service gap common in the dissemination of empirically validated interventions.
Enhancing parental reflective functioning: A special tribute to the life and work of Nancy E. Suchman, PhD
Authors: Borelli Jessica L. , DeCoste Cindy , McMahon Thomas J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNancy E. Suchman's contributions to the fields of infant mental health, maternal reflective functioning, and attachment‐based intervention will have long‐lasting impacts. In particular, through the development and dissemination of her intervention program, Mothering from the Inside Out (MIO), she innovated a way of working with mothers with substance use disorders that represented a paradigm shift within the field of addiction. In this introduction to the special issue, written to honor her life and work, we review Nancy's background and briefly describe her academic accomplishments. The special issue contains nine qualitative and quantitative research reports written by Nancy's colleagues and their collaborators. All nine papers pertain to the theme of understanding, measuring, and promoting parents’ capacity for reflective functioning. Four provide findings that advance our understanding of parental reflective functioning. The other five highlight insights from continuing evaluations of MIO, including new adaptations of the model. To introduce the special issue, we provide an overview of the scope of the work done within these projects. Finally, the special issue concludes with two commentaries contributed by Linda Mayes and Arietta Slade, leading scholars within the field who were also Nancy's close colleagues. Both provide insight into Nancy's impact on the field.
Unravelling inclusion body myositis using a patient‐derived fibroblast model
Authors: Cantó‐Santos Judith , Valls‐Roca Laura , Tobías Ester , García‐García Francesc Josep , Guitart‐Mampel Mariona , Esteve‐Codina Anna , Martín‐Mur Beatriz , Casado Mercedes , Artuch Rafael , Solsona‐Vilarrasa Estel , Fernandez‐Checa José Carlos , García‐Ruiz Carmen , Rentero Carles , Enrich Carlos , Moreno‐Lozano Pedro J. , Milisenda José César , Cardellach Francesc , Grau‐Junyent Josep M. , Garrabou Glòria 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundInclusion body myositis (IBM) is an inflammatory myopathy clinically characterized by proximal and distal muscle weakness, with inflammatory infiltrates, rimmed vacuoles and mitochondrial changes in muscle histopathology. There is scarce knowledge on IBM aetiology, and non‐established biomarkers or effective treatments are available, partly due to the lack of validated disease models.MethodsWe have performed transcriptomics and functional validation of IBM muscle pathological hallmarks in fibroblasts from IBM patients (n = 14) and healthy controls (n = 12), paired by age and sex. The results comprise an mRNA‐seq, together with functional inflammatory, autophagy, mitochondrial and metabolic changes between patients and controls.ResultsGene expression profile of IBM vs control fibroblasts revealed 778 differentially expressed genes (P‐value adj < 0.05) related to inflammation, mitochondria, cell cycle regulation and metabolism. Functionally, an increased inflammatory profile was observed in IBM fibroblasts with higher supernatant cytokine secretion (three‐fold increase). Autophagy was reduced considering basal protein mediators (18.4% reduced), time‐course autophagosome formation (LC3BII 39% reduced, P‐value < 0.05), and autophagosome microscopic evaluation. Mitochondria displayed reduced genetic content (by 33.9%, P‐value < 0.05) and function (30.2%‐decrease in respiration, 45.6%‐decline in enzymatic activity (P‐value < 0.001), 14.3%‐higher oxidative stress, 135.2%‐increased antioxidant defence (P‐value < 0.05), 11.6%‐reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (P‐value < 0.05) and 42.8%‐reduced mitochondrial elongation (P‐value < 0.05)). In accordance, at the metabolite level, organic acid showed a 1.8‐fold change increase, with conserved amino acid profile. Correlating to disease evolution, oxidative stress and inflammation emerge as potential markers of prognosis.ConclusionsThese findings confirm the presence of molecular disturbances in peripheral tissues from IBM patients and prompt patients' derived fibroblasts as a promising disease model, which may eventually be exported to other neuromuscular disorders. We additionally identify new molecular players in IBM associated with disease progression, setting the path to deepen in disease aetiology, in the identification of novel biomarkers or in the standardization of biomimetic platforms to assay new therapeutic strategies for preclinical studies.
椎骨動脈狭窄による小脳梗塞によって浮動性めまいと一過性に視界の上下逆転を来した1例(Dizziness and reversal of vision metamorphopsia due to cerebellum infarction caused by a vertebral artery stenosis: a case report)
Authors: 幹太 勝木 , 駿 田中 , 大賀 松本 , 光 若林 , 智之 木野 , 拓 舩越 
Published: March 2023

要旨　椎骨動脈狭窄による小脳梗塞によって一過性に視界が上下逆転する現象（reversal of vision metamorphopsia: RVM）を呈した症例を経験した。症例は狭心症，高血圧，糖尿病の既往がある71歳の男性で，浮動性めまいを主訴に救急搬送された。受診2日前と受診前日に突然誘因なく浮動性めまいが出現したが，それぞれ1時間の安静で改善した。受診当日も同様の症状が再燃し悪心も伴うため発症1時間後に救急要請した。来院時のバイタルサインは安定していた。めまいや嘔気の症状が強く可能な範囲での診察では，明らかな脳神経所見の異常はなく運動麻痺や小脳失調も認めなかったが，診察中に患者が「上下が逆に見える」と訴えた。各種画像検査から椎骨動脈狭窄を伴う急性期小脳梗塞と診断し，加療目的に脳神経外科に入院した。入院後にRVMの再燃はなかった。RVMの機序は明らかでないが，本症例では後下小脳動脈領域の梗塞により，視覚と前庭系の情報を統合する前庭小脳繊維が障害されたことが原因と考えた。またRVMの症状は一過性であることが多いとされるが，後頭葉や頭頂葉，残存した正常小脳などが持つ代償機構と，視覚的錯覚からの回復が複合的に機能しているためと考えた。RVMはとくに急性期診療を担う救急外来で遭遇しうるため救急医にとって有用な訴えとなる。RVMを認めた場合は，積極的に中枢性疾患を疑い画像検査を行うべきである。
救急科専攻医は研修プログラムのどのようなところに魅力を感じるのか？(What do emergency medicine residents find attractive about training programs?: an examination of factors contributing to program selection)
Authors: 洋紀 香月 , 哲久 山田 , 勝彦 鮎川 , 欧 片桐 , 慧 有吉 
Published: March 2023

要旨【目的】救急科専攻医は，地域的な偏在だけでなく研修プログラムごとの偏在が示唆されているが，その要因はわかっていない。本研究の目的は救急科専攻医のプログラム選択に寄与する因子の分析である。【対象】対象はプログラムを有する救命救急センターで，2019年の一次応募者の有無を目的変数，2018年の救急科専門医数（以下，専門医数），同年の救急車搬送台数（以下，搬送台数），第46回日本救急医学会総会・学術集会での発表数（以下，発表数)，Facebook運用の有無を説明変数として，大学病院群と非大学病院群に分け，ロジスティック回帰分析を行った。【結果】対象となる救命救急センターは167あった。一次応募者数の合計は198人で，中央値1，最頻値0，最大値8であった。応募のあるプログラムは92（55.09%）であった。大学病院群（N=62）では，発表数はodds比1.24, 95%信頼区間：0.99–1.55，p=0.058であり，非大学病院群では専門医数はodds比1.19，95%信頼区間：1.00–1.41，p=0.04，搬送台数はodds比1.00，95%信頼区間：1.00–1.00，p=0.04であった。【結語】非大学病院では専門医数と搬送台数が，大学病院では発表数が，プログラム選択に寄与している可能性がある。
上皮化した組織より破傷風菌を分離培養し病原体診断に至った1例(Diagnosing tetanus utilizing sample procured and cultured from epithelized tissue: a case report)
Authors: 智継 中野 , 幹男 中島 , リチャード カシンスキー , 雅光 城川 , 英昭 後藤 
Published: March 2023

要旨　症例は70歳代の男性。当院受診の13日前に庭で左前腕を受傷した。当院受診の6日前より左前腕のこわばりを自覚し近医を受診し，脳卒中を疑われるもCT，MRIで異常所見なく帰宅した。当院受診の3日前より嚥下困難，後頭部痛を自覚し，MRIを再検されるも異常所見を認めなかった。当科受診日に前医を再受診し当院に転院搬送された。受診時は上肢，頭頚部のこわばり，開口障害，構音障害，呼吸不全を認め，人工呼吸管理とした。左前腕の創は上皮化していたが，破傷風を強く疑いメスで組織片を採取し培養検査の検体とした。検体は，好気性・嫌気性菌用輸送容器に採取した。院内での組織培養にてClostridium tetaniが検出された。同菌より破傷風毒素の産生も確認され，病原体診断に至った。破傷風は本邦の発症数は年間100件以下と稀な疾患である。破傷風菌は偏性嫌気性菌であり培養が難しく，診断は症候からの臨床診断が主体となる。また，破傷風毒素は極少量でも発症するため，毒素も抗体も検出限界以下であることが多く，病原体診断に至る症例は年間1例程度である。しかし，上皮化した組織からでも積極的に検体採取を行い，嫌気培養を行うことで確定診断される症例が増えると考える。
Diagnostic Performance of Response Assessment FDG‐PET/CECT in HNSCC Treated With Definitive Radio(chemo)therapy Using NI‐RADS
Authors: Paul Sonz , Gupta Tejpal , Purandare Nilendu , Joshi Kishore , Ghosh‐Laskar Sarbani , Budrukkar Ashwini , Swain Monali , Sinha Shwetabh , Kumar Anuj , Joshi Amit , Prabhash Kumar , Nair Sudhir , Rangarajan Venkatesh , Agarwal Jai Prakash 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic performance of response assessment 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (FDG‐PET/CECT) following definitive radio(chemo)therapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) using Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System (NI‐RADS).Study DesignA retrospective analysis from a prospectively maintained dataset.SettingTertiary‐care comprehensive cancer center in a low‐middle‐income country.MethodsAdults with newly diagnosed, biopsy‐proven, nonmetastatic HNSCC treated with definitive radio(chemo)therapy were included. Posttreatment response assessment FDG‐PET/CECT scans were retrospectively assigned NI‐RADS categories (1‐3) for the primary site, neck, and both sites combined. Locoregional recurrence occurring within 2‐years was defined as the event of interest. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and overall accuracy were calculated. Locoregional control stratified by NI‐RADS categories was computed with the Kaplan‐Meier method and compared using the log‐rank test.ResultsPosttreatment FDG‐PET/CECT scans were available in 190 patients constituting the present study cohort. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and overall accuracy of the NI‐RADS template for the primary site was 73.5%, 81.4%, 46.3%, 93.4%, and 80.0%, respectively. Similar metrics for the neck were 72.7%, 87.5%, 43.2%, 96.1%, and 85.8%, respectively. Combining primary site and neck, the corresponding metrics of diagnostic accuracy were 84.4%, 69.7%, 46.3%, 93.5%, and 73.2%, respectively. At a median follow‐up of 40 months, Kaplan‐Meier estimates of 2‐year locoregional control were significantly higher for NI‐RADS category 1 (94.2%) compared to NI‐RADS category 2 (69.4%) and category 3 (20.4%), respectively (stratified log‐rank p < .0001).ConclusionFDG‐PET/CECT using the NI‐RADS template is associated with good diagnostic performance and prognostic utility in HNSCC treated with definitive radio(chemo)therapy.
Developing an energy rating for bifacial photovoltaic modules
Authors: Vogt Malte Ruben , Pilis Giorgos , Zeman Miro , Santbergen Rudi , Isabella Olindo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe photovoltaic (PV) module energy rating standard series IEC 61853 does not cover bifacial PV modules. However, the market share of bifacial PV modules has dramatically increased in recent years and is projected to grow. This work demonstrates how Parts 3 and 4 of the IEC 61853 standard could be extended to bifacial modules. First, we develop an irradiance model that uses the data already given in the standard IEC 61853‐4 to calculate the irradiance on the rear side of the module. Second, we propose a way to extend the energy yield calculation algorithm IEC 61853‐3 to include bifacial modules and make it available to the PV community. This rear irradiance and bifacial energy yield calculation procedure is tested using real outdoor measurements for a nine‐month period with a root mean square difference between measured and simulated energy yield of 4.65%. To conclude, we investigate the impact of different climates and normalization on the bifacial module energy rating results.
Adaptive fault identification and reconfigurable fault‐tolerant control for unmanned surface vehicle with actuator magnitude and rate faults
Authors: Liu Chun , Zhao Xin , Wang Xiaofan , Ren Xiaoqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study proposes a reconfigurable fault‐tolerant control method using an adaptive fault identification technique with application to an unmanned surface vehicle with consideration of environmental disturbances and system constraints, including both second‐order input operations (actuator magnitude and rate faults) and multi‐classification fault modeling features (lock‐in‐place or hard‐over, and loss of effectiveness). To begin with, unknown parameter compensator‐based observers with adaptive projection laws are designed for the respective double‐parameter and single‐parameter adaptive fault identification cases, and it is proved that the actual input estimation and fault parameter estimation errors are bounded. Then, double‐parameter and single‐parameter adaptive reconfigurable fault‐tolerant controllers are synthesized by combining the finite‐time baseline tracking control and terminal sliding‐mode mechanism to guarantee the second‐order dynamical tracking errors converge to the origin for the proper unmanned surface vehicle operation regardless of actuator magnitude and rate faults. Finally, simulation results and comparisons demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed reconfigurable fault‐tolerant control algorithm.
Resolving the Ganges pollution paradox: A policy‐centric systematic review
Authors: Sigdel Rajesh , Carlton Gregory , Gautam Bivek 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite the fact that it is one of the most sacred and holy rivers in the world, the Ganges River is paradoxically among the most polluted. Over the past decade, researchers have described various mechanisms and actions for improving the pollution problem within the Ganges watershed. The aim of this policy‐centric systematic review is to summarize these recommendations to make them more accessible for concerned citizen groups and planners while also critically appraising their findings. Using the Reporting standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES) framework, our findings indicate that there are a wide range of potential solutions for mitigating pollution in the river system that originate from 37 peer‐reviewed sources that encompass field studies, modeling analyses, and review articles. While we find that there are many actionable and thought‐provoking recommendations for improving water quality and pollution mitigation given by authors studying the Ganges, there are also areas for improvement. Notably, there is a heavy focus on state‐centric planning in the basin with only a few examples of policies that have been tailored toward encouraging community‐based solutions. This lack of community‐based planning may relate to the fact that there is also a missing social dimension to policy recommendations in the Ganges watershed, where most of the articles that we reviewed were published in natural science journals and were not interdisciplinary in nature. Better reporting standards for recommendations arising from reviews and a greater focus on the interrelations between different components of the Ganges system may also yield novel and more trustworthy policy findings for practitioners.
Tailoring the p‐Band Center of NS Pair for Accelerating High‐Performance Lithium–Oxygen Battery
Authors: Sun Baoyu , Zheng Wei , Kang Cong , Xie Bingxing , Qian Zhengyi , Wang Yijie , Ye Shanshan , Lou Shuaifeng , Kong Fanpeng , Mei BingBao , Du Chunyu , Zuo Pengjian , Xie Jingying , Yin Geping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe local coordination environment of catalytical moieties directly determines the performance of electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices, such as Li–O2 batteries (LOBs) cathode. However, understanding how the coordinative structure affects the performance, especially for non‐metal system, is still insufficient. Herein, a strategy that introduces S‐anion to tailor the electronic structure of nitrogen–carbon catalyst (SNC) is proposed to improve the LOBs performance. This study unveils that the introduced S‐anion effectively manipulates the p‐band center of pyridinic‐N moiety, substantially reducing the battery overpotential by accelerating the generation and decomposition of intermediate products Li1–3O4. The lower adsorption energy of discharging product Li2O2 on NS pair accounts for the long‐term cyclic stability by exposing the high active area under operation condition. This work demonstrates an encouraging strategy to enhance LOBs performance by modulating the p‐band center on non‐metal active sites.
Robust Underwater Adhesion of Catechol‐Functionalized Polymer Triggered by Water Exchange
Authors: Ren Jingli , Kong Ruixia , Wang Huiying , Du Shuo , Liu Pei , Wang Hua , Chen Yu , Xie Ge , Zhang Lianbin , Zhu Jintao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAdhesives with strong and stable underwater adhesion performance play a critical role in industrial and biomedical fields. However, achieving strong underwater adhesion, especially in flowing aqueous and blood environments, remains challenging. In this work, a novel solvent‐exchange‐triggered adhesive of catechol‐functionalized polyethylenimine ethoxylated is presented. The authors show that the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution of the catechol‐functionalized polymer can be directly applied to various substrates and exhibits robust dry/underwater adhesion performance induced through in situ liquid‐to‐solid phase transition triggered by water‐DMSO solvent exchange. The adhesive can even strongly bond low‐surface‐energy substrates (e.g., > 86 kPa for polytetrafluoroethylene) in diverse environments, including deionized water, air, phosphate‐buffered saline solution, seawater, and aqueous conditions with different pH values. Moreover, the adhesive exhibits strong adhesion to biological tissues and can be used as a hemostatic sealant to prevent bleeding from arteries and severe trauma to the viscera. The adhesives developed in this study with strong dry/underwater adhesion performance and excellent hemostatic capabilities display enormous application prospects in the biomedical fields.