bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photothermally Enhanced Dual Enzyme‐mimic Activity of Gold‐Palladium Hybrid Nanozyme for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Kang Yan , Li Chao , Shi Huali , Zhang Amin , Huang Chusen , Zhou Chaohui , Jia Nengqin 
Published: July 2023

Comprehensive SummaryBased on characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME), including acidity, hypoxia, inflammation and hydrogen peroxide overload, combined with emerging nanotechnologies, designing nanoplatforms with TME specificity/responsiveness for tumor treatment is a promising nanotherapeutic strategy. In this work, a multifunctional gold‐palladium bimetallic cascade nanozyme was constructed for effective photothermal‐enhanced cascade catalyzed synergistic therapy of tumors. The dumbbell‐like Au‐Pd bimetallic nanomaterial (Au NRs‐Pd@HA) was obtained by reducing palladium on gold nanorods with ascorbic acid (AA) and further modified with hyaluronic acid (HA). The introduction of HA brings biocompatibility and targeting properties. The zebrafish embryos model showed that Au NRs‐Pd@HA had good biocompatibility and low biotoxicity. Au NRs‐Pd@HA can induce catalytic conversion of glucose to generate H2O2 efficiently, and subsequently undergo cascade reaction to produce abundant ·OH radicals, exhibiting peroxidase‐like (POD‐like) and glucose oxidase‐like (GOD‐like) capabilities. The generated ·OH was a key factor for tumor ablation. Meanwhile, Au NRs‐Pd@HA exhibits good photothermal performance under 808 nm irradiation, in favor of photothermal therapy (PTT). Especially, the POD‐like and GOD‐like activities were significantly enhanced due to the photothermal effect. The synergistic PTT and photothermal‐enhanced nanozymes with cascade catalytic effect enabled efficient and safe cancer therapy.
Congenital coronary artery anomalies in sports medicine. Why to know them
Authors: Zeppilli Paolo , Bianco Massimiliano , Gervasi Salvatore F. , Cammarano Michela , Monti Riccardo , Sollazzo Fabrizio , Modica Gloria , Morra Lorenzo , Nifosì Francesco M. , Palmieri Vincenzo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe anomalous origin of a coronary artery (AOCA) is a challenging topic, due to its rarity, the complexity of the pathophysiological aspects, the clinical presentation (often silent), the difficulty of diagnosis, and the potential risk of causing acute cardiovascular events up to sudden cardiac death, particularly when triggered by heavy physical exercise or sport practice. Increasing interest in sport medical literature is being given to this topic. This paper reviews current knowledge of AOCAs in the specific context of the athletic setting addressing epidemiological and pathophysiological aspects, diagnostic work‐up, sports participation, individual risk assessment, therapeutic options, and return to play decision after surgery.
Numerical investigation of force and deflection of nanoneedle penetration into cell using finite element approach: Parameter study and experimental validation of results
Authors: Rostami M. , Ahmadian M. T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to develop a numerical methodology to investigate the penetration process of nanoneedles into cells and the corresponding force and indentation length. The finite element approach via the explicit dynamic method handles convergence difficulties in the nonlinear phenomenon. The cell is modeled as an isotropic elastic hemiellipsoidal shell with a thickness of 200 nm, which represents the lipid membrane and actin cortex, encapsulating cytoplasm that is regarded as an Eulerian body because of its fluid‐type behavior. Nanoneedles with diameters 400, 200, and 50 nm are considered for model development based on available experimental data. The Von Mises strain failure criterion is used for rupture detection. A parameter study using 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 kPa shows that Young's modulus of the HeLa cell membrane is about 5 kPa. Moreover, a failure strain of 1.2 chosen among 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, and 1.2 matches best the experimental data. In addition, a diameter study shows that the relations between force‐diameter and indentation length‐diameter are linear and polynomial, respectively. Furthermore, regarding the experimental data and by using contour of minimum principal stress around needle and an analytical equation for calculation of buckling force of a woven fabric, we proposed that for a given cell, membrane structural stability—a function of the coupled effect of Young's modulus and actin meshwork size—contributes directly to needle insertion success rate for that type of cell.
Chelating Agent‐Assisted‐Bi2WO6 Nanostructured Materials for Electron Transfer‐Driven Ultrafast Catalytic Reduction of Organic and Inorganic Contaminants
Authors: Barhoi Ashok , Khan Afaq Ahmad , Mahto Bhagirath , Bisoyi Akash , Hussain Sahid 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe report a chelating agent‐assisted synthesis of Bi2WO6 nanomaterials using a facile hydrothermal method. The presence of a chelating agent (EDTA) influences the degree of crystallinity, morphology, and surface area of Bi2WO6. Analysis by electron microscopy revealed morphological changes of Bi2WO6 from flower‐like to multilayered disc‐like structures after introducing EDTA. The surface area of pristine Bi2WO6 NMs is significantly increased from 31 to 50 m2 g−1. We demonstrated the catalytic properties of Bi2WO6 and EDTA‐Bi2WO6 for 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP), methyl orange (MO), congo red (CR), and [Fe(CN)6]3− reductions in the presence of NaBH4. It was observed that EDTA‐Bi2WO6 exhibited higher catalytic activity compared to the pristine Bi2WO6 NMs. The reduction reactions followed pseudo‐first‐order kinetics and the rate constant values of EDTA‐Bi2WO6 for 4‐NP, MO, CR, and [Fe(CN)6]3− reductions were found to be 0.847, 0.584, 0.702, and 0.463 min−1, respectively. The reduction proceeds through electron transfer process over an EDTA‐Bi2WO6 catalyst in the presence of NaBH4. Furthermore, EDTA‐Bi2WO6 also showed ultrafast catalytic performance to dichromate (Cr2O72−) reduction, compared to pristine Bi2WO6. The EDTA‐Bi2WO6 catalyst could be recycled up to five times without undergoing a significant loss in activity.
Amorphous RuO2 Catalyst for Medium Size Carboxylic Acid to Alkane Dimer Selective Kolbe Electrolysis in an Aqueous Environment**
Authors: Wang Chong , Liu Kaixin , Jin Yangxin , Huang Shuquan , Chun‐Ho Lam Jason 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe catalytic transformation of biomass‐derived volatile carboxylic acids in an aqueous environment is crucial to developing a sustainable biorefinery. To date, Kolbe electrolysis remains arguably the most effective means to convert energy‐diluted aliphatic carboxylic acids (carboxylate) to alkane for biofuel production. This paper reports the use of a structurally disordered amorphous RuO2 (a‐RuO2) that is synthesized facilely in a hydrothermal method. The a‐RuO2 is highly effective towards electrocatalytic oxidative decarboxylation of hexanoic acid and is able to produce the Kolbe product, decane, with a yield 5.4 times greater than that of commercial RuO2. A systematic study of the reaction temperature, current intensity, and electrolyte concentration reveals the enhanced Kolbe product yield is attributable to the more efficient oxidation of the carboxylate anions for the alkane dimer formation. Our work showcases a new design idea for establishing an efficient electrocatalysts for decarboxylation coupling reaction, providing a new electrocatalyst candidate for Kolbe electrolysis.
Analysis and design approach of wideband digital‐based feedforward ring oscillators
Authors: Arenas Julian , Moya Juan Sebastian , Roa Elkim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMulti‐protocol applications and complex systems‐on‐chip demand several clock sources to fulfill all data‐rate requirements. Among the different types of clock sources, LC oscillators dominate the high data‐rate communication standards where frequency stability is a major constraint. In contrast, ring oscillators are preferred for legacy support applications due to their wider tuning range and where stability is not a constraint. Since stability enhancement techniques have been already implemented to ring oscillators, increasing the tuning range of a single ring clock reference might fulfill a broad margin of data rates. This paper presents an analysis and a design approach of wideband digital‐based oscillators based on secondary feedforward paths to support most of the data‐rate requirements inside systems‐on‐chips. Here, we present the inclusion of these auxiliary loops as a tuning range enhancement technique to reduce the total number of required clock references. The presented analysis comprises piece‐wise functions able to accurately predict an FDRO oscillation frequency. Using the piece‐wise model, we present a  15,000 12‐track standard‐cell scalable feedforward oscillator. Auxiliary feedforward inverters allow a maximum 1.5 GHz frequency and a 3 tuning range enhancement while enabling a 100 kHz minimum oscillation frequency. The proposed oscillator occupies an area of 0.05 mm2in a 180 nm CMOS pure digital node and achieves a 41 ps@1.25 GHz RMS jitter of and a −121 dB FOM.
Pharmacological profile, phase I metabolism, and excretion time profile of the new synthetic cathinone 3,4‐Pr‐PipVP
Authors: Schwelm Hannes Max , Persson Mattias , Pulver Benedikt , Huß Max Vincent , Gréen Henrik , Auwärter Volker 
Published: July 2023

Abstract1‐(2,3‐Dihydro‐1H‐inden‐5‐yl)‐2‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)pentan‐1‐one (3,4‐Pr‐PipVP), a novel synthetic cathinone (SCat), was first identified in 2022 in Germany. The product was marketed as 1‐(bicyclo[4.2.0]octa‐1,3,5‐trien‐3‐yl)‐2‐(pyrrolidin‐1‐yl)pentan‐1‐one (3,4‐EtPV), a substance not covered by the German New Psychoactive Substances Act (NpSG). Although originally intended to be an exploratory new synthetic cathinone containing the novel bicyclo[4.2.0]octatrienyl function, the compound was subsequently confirmed to contain an indanyl ring system scheduled under generic legislation like the NpSG. However, it is one of only a few marketed SCats carrying a piperidine ring. Inhibition experiments involving norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin transporters showed that 3,4‐Pr‐PipVP was a low potency blocker at all three monoamine transporters compared to related substances such as MDPV. Additionally, pharmacokinetic data were collected from pooled human liver microsomes incubations and from the analysis of authentic urine samples received after oral administration of 5 mg 3,4‐Pr‐PipVP hydrochloride. Phase I metabolites were tentatively identified in vitro and in vivo using liquid chromatography−time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry. Main metabolites were formed by metabolic reduction of the carbonyl function with and without additional hydroxylations at the propylene bridge of the molecule. Keto‐reduced H2–3,4‐Pr‐PipVP and H2‐piperidine‐OH‐3,4‐Pr‐PipVP as well as aryl‐OH‐3,4‐Pr‐PipVP, and indanyl‐OH‐piperidine‐OH‐3,4‐Pr‐PipVP are suggested as most suitable biomarkers for the detection of 3,4‐Pr‐PipVP since they were detected for much longer than the parent compound. 3,4‐Pr‐PipVP could be detected for up to 21 h whereas its metabolites were detectable for up to about 4 days.
Specialization patterns in symbiotic associations: A community perspective over spatial scales
Authors: Rodríguez‐Arribas Clara , Martínez Isabel , Aragón Gregorio , Zamorano‐Elgueta Carlos , Cavieres Lohengrin , Prieto María 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpecialization, contextualized in a resource axis of an organism niche, is a core concept in ecology. In biotic interactions, specialization can be determined by the range of interacting partners. Evolutionary and ecological factors, in combination with the surveyed scale (spatial, temporal, biological, and/or taxonomic), influence the conception of specialization. This study aimed to assess the specialization patterns and drivers in the lichen symbiosis, considering the interaction between the principal fungus (mycobiont) and the associated Nostoc (cyanobiont), from a community perspective considering different spatial scales. Thus, we determined Nostoc phylogroup richness and composition of lichen communities in 11 Nothofagus pumilio forests across a wide latitudinal gradient in Chile. To measure specialization, cyanobiont richness, Simpson's and d′ indices were estimated for 37 mycobiont species in these communities. Potential drivers that might shape Nostoc composition and specialization measures along the environmental gradient were analysed. Limitations in lichen distributional ranges due to the availability of their cyanobionts were studied. Turnover patterns of cyanobionts were identified at multiple spatial scales. The results showed that environmental factors shaped the Nostoc composition of these communities, thus limiting cyanobiont availability to establish the symbiotic association. Besides, specialization changed with the spatial scale and with the metric considered. Cyanolichens were more specialized than cephalolichens when considering partner richness and Simpson's index, whereas the d′ index was mostly explained by mycobiont identity. Little evidence of lichen distributional ranges due to the distribution of their cyanobionts was found. Thus, lichens with broad distributional ranges either associated with several cyanobionts or with widely distributed cyanobionts. Comparisons between local and regional scales showed a decreasing degree of specialization at larger scales due to an increase in cyanobiont richness. The results support the context dependency of specialization and how its consideration changes with the metric and the spatial scale considered. Subsequently, we suggest considering the entire community and widening the spatial scale studied as it is crucial to understand factors determining specialization.
Antibiotic use during pregnancy is linked to offspring gut microbial dysbiosis, barrier disruption, and altered immunity along the gut–lung axis
Authors: Alhasan Moumen M. , Hölsken Oliver , Duerr Claudia , Helfrich Sofia , Branzk Nora , Philipp Alina , Leitz Dominik , Duerr Julia , Almousa Yahia , Barrientos Gabriela , Mohn William W. , Gamradt Stefanie , Conrad Melanie L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAntibiotic use during pregnancy is associated with increased asthma risk in children. Since approximately 25% of women use antibiotics during pregnancy, it is important to identify the pathways involved in this phenomenon. We investigate how mother‐to‐offspring transfer of antibiotic‐induced gut microbial dysbiosis influences immune system development along the gut–lung axis. Using a mouse model of maternal antibiotic exposure during pregnancy, we immunophenotyped offspring in early life and after asthma induction. In early life, prenatal‐antibiotic exposed offspring exhibited gut microbial dysbiosis, intestinal inflammation (increased fecal lipocalin‐2 and IgA), and dysregulated intestinal ILC3 subtypes. Intestinal barrier dysfunction in the offspring was indicated by a FITC‐dextran intestinal permeability assay and circulating lipopolysaccharide. This was accompanied by increased T‐helper (Th)17 cell percentages in the offspring's blood and lungs in both early life and after allergy induction. Lung tissue additionally showed increased percentages of RORγt T‐regulatory (Treg) cells at both time points. Our investigation of the gut–lung axis identifies early‐life gut dysbiosis, intestinal inflammation, and barrier dysfunction as a possible developmental programming event promoting increased expression of RORγt in blood and lung CD4+ T cells that may contribute to increased asthma risk.
Organoplatinum‐Bridged Cyclotribenzylene Dimers
Authors: Zhang Jing , Aribot Frédéric , Chambron Jean‐Claude , Zorn Nathalie , Leize‐Wagner Emmanuelle , Jean Marion , Vanthuyne Nicolas , Espinosa Enrique , Aubert Emmanuel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCyclotribenzylenes (CTBs) combining carbonitrile (−CN) and alkyne (−C2H) substituents were synthesized as racemic mixtures and resolved by HPLC on chiral stationary phases. Two of these compounds were used to prepare platinum‐bridged CTB dimers, in which PtII is bound to the CTBs via Pt−alkynyl bonds in cis configuration. The organometallic complexes were examined by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy, which indicated that they were obtained as mixtures of diastereoisomers (a meso or syn form and a pair of chiral or anti forms) when racemic CTBs were used. Enantiomerically pure complexes were prepared from resolved CTBs, which allowed us to distinguish the NMR signals of the chiral and meso forms in the diastereoisomeric mixtures. In certain conditions, the platinum complexes played the role of a pincer π‐alkynyl ligand for Cu(I) coming from the copper iodide used as a synthetic auxiliary. The Cu+ cations could be easily removed by treatment with NaCN, affording the mononuclear bis‐cyclotribenzylene complexes. These compounds failed to lead to metallo‐cryptophanes by coordination of two [M(dppp)]2+ complex subunits (M=Pd, Pt; dppp=1,3‐bis(diphenylphosphino)propane), each to two carbonitrile substituents belonging to different CTBs, pointing to the superiority of the one pot self‐assembly processes for the preparation of metallo‐cryptophanes.
Effect of externally applied magnetic field on the tool wear and surface morphology of Inconel 718 in turning operation
Authors: Waghmode Sukhdev B. , Kallol Anupama N. , Shivakumar S. , Manjunath G. A. , Doiphode Rajendra L. , Chandrashekar A. , Omprakash B. , Razak Abdul , Hasan Nasim 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examined the effect of magnetic field with single point coated‐carbide tool during turning process of Inconel718 (In718). After the turning process, tribological properties (surface roughness and tool wear) and chip morphology were analyzed. Two cylindrical Neodymium (N52) grade permanent magnets are used to apply the magnetic field during the machining. Cutting speed and magnetic field intensity along with constant feed and depth of cut are used to analyze tribological properties along with chip morphology. Experimental results show that 80 m/min cutting speed and 426 Gauss magnetic field has the best results in term of lowest surface roughness and tool wear. Lorentz forces developed due to the applied external magnetic field help to improve surface roughness compared to nonmagnetic field machining. Developed fine particles during the turning process get repulsed in case of magnetic field machining which helps to improve tool wear.
Artificial intelligence‐based blockchain solutions for intelligent healthcare: A comprehensive review on privacy preserving techniques
Authors: Gami Badal , Agrawal Manav , Mishra Deepak Kumar , Quasim Danish , Mehra Pawan Singh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile blockchain technology (BT) is considered secure, there are several vulnerabilities that can breach its security. The study in artificial intelligence (AI) and BT is widely popular due to its expanding importance in enhancing security and computational prowess. In this study, we present a comprehensive and meticulous comprehensive review of AI and BT‐based privacy‐preserving smart healthcare. The selection for this study was based on a holistic and integrated approach which involved examining not only individual studies but also their relationships, and trends. Through a systematic analysis of various phases, we identified 91 primary studies pertaining to information needed to stockpile directions called for retorting the research queries. We have undertaken a descriptive comparison of foundational manuscripts, taking into account an array of essential factors, including performance metrics, security protocols, and computational prowess. Our thorough discussions and debates have led to the identification of research gaps in the current manuscript, as well as the direction for future research. We also propose our constructive approach for the aforementioned integration, highlighting its potential benefits and implications.
Toward high‐efficiency photovoltaics‐assisted electrochemical and photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction: Strategy and challenge
Authors: Cho Jin Hyuk , Ma Joonhee , Kim Soo Young 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe realization of a complete techno‐economy through a significant carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction in the atmosphere has been explored to promote a low‐carbon economy in various ways. CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RRs) can be induced using sustainable energy, including electric and solar energy, using systems such as electrochemical (EC) CO2RR and photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems. This study summarizes various fabrication strategies for non‐noble metal, copper‐based, and metal–organic framework‐based catalysts with excellent Faradaic efficiency (FE) for target carbon compounds, and for noble metals with low overvoltage. Although EC and PEC systems achieve high energy conversion efficiency with excellent catalysts, they still require external power and lack complete bias–free operation. Therefore, photovoltaics, which can overcome the limitations of these systems, have been introduced. The utilization of silicon and perovskite‐based solar cells for photovoltaics‐assisted EC (PV‐EC) and photovoltaics‐assisted PEC (PV‐PEC) CO2RR systems are cost‐efficient, and the III–V semiconductor photoabsorbers achieved high solar‐to‐carbon efficiency. This work focuses on PV‐EC and PV‐PEC CO2RR systems and their components and then summarizes the special cell configurations, including the tandem and stacked structures. Additionally, the study discusses current issues, such as low energy conversion, expensive PV, theoretical limits, and industrial scale–up, along with proposed solutions.
‘All Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children should have access to the ASQ‐TRAK’: Shared vision of an implementation support model for the ASQ‐TRAK developmental screener
Authors: D'Aprano Anita , Hunter Sue‐Anne , Fry Rebecca , Savaglio Melissa , Carmody Sarah , Boffa John , Cooke Louise , Dent Abigail , Docksey Amanda , Douglas Josie , Dunn Adam , Halfpenny Nick , Hewett Meg , Lipscomb Adrienne , Manahan Esmai , Morton Belinda , Mosse Holly , Ross Dawn , Skouteris Helen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedThe ASQ‐TRAK, a strengths‐based approach to developmental screening, has high acceptability and utility across varied Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander contexts. While substantive knowledge translation has seen many services utilise ASQ‐TRAK, we now need to move beyond distribution and support evidence‐based scale‐up to ensure access. Through a co‐design approach, we aimed to (1) understand community partners' perspectives of barriers and enablers to ASQ‐TRAK implementation and (2) develop an ASQ‐TRAK implementation support model to inform scale‐up.MethodsThe co‐design process had four phases: (i) partnership development with five community partners (two Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisations); (ii) workshop planning and recruitment; (iii) co‐design workshops; and (iv) analysis, draft model and feedback workshops.ResultsSeven co‐design meetings and two feedback workshops with 41 stakeholders (17 were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander), identified seven key barriers and enablers, and a shared vision – all Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children and their families have access to the ASQ‐TRAK. Implementation support model components agreed on were: (i) ASQ‐TRAK training, (ii) ASQ‐TRAK support, (iii) local implementation support, (iv) engagement and communications, (v) continuous quality improvement and (vi) coordination and partnerships.ConclusionsThis implementation support model can inform ongoing processes necessary for sustainable ASQ‐TRAK implementation nationally. This will transform the way services provide developmental care to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, ensuring access to high quality, culturally safe developmental care.So What?Well‐implemented developmental screening leads to more Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children receiving timely early childhood intervention services, improving developmental trajectories and optimising long‐term health and wellbeing.