bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of the Superblock model for promoting physical activity in Barcelona: a one-year observational comparative study
Authors: Puig-Ribera Anna , Arumí-Prat Ignasi , Cirera Eva , Solà Marta , Codina-Nadal Anna , Palència Laia , Biaani Brenda , Pérez Katherine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The Barcelona Superblock model transforms urban public spaces into active-friendly spaces, a key issue for public health. This study assessed the extent to which a newly developed Superblock in St. Antoni Market Square was used by citizens to perform physical activities and for sedentary behaviour during the first year of implementation. It then compared this citizens’ use of the Superblock for physical activities and sedentary behaviour with a comparison site at one-year follow-up, when the Superblock was fully integrated into citizens’ daily life.

Methods
This observational comparative study (May 2018-May 2019) used the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC). SOPARC assessed citizens’ sitting, standing, walking, practice of vigorous activities and use of electric scooter by gender, age group and time of the day. At the Superblock site, two observers completed five weekly observations: the opening week, and at three, five, eight and twelve months. At the comparison site, observers completed one weekly observation at twelve months after the implementation of the Superblock. Observations included 4 days/week (including weekends) and, 4 h/day (morning, midday, afternoon, evening).

Results
At baseline, an average of 2,340 citizens/hour were observed using the Superblock but visits reduced by 12% in the next three observation weeks and 17.6% after one-year (mainly elderly and teenagers). At baseline, 92.9% walked in the Superblock, while 3.1% engaged in vigorous physical activity. After one year, citizens’ walking decreased by 18.2%, from 2,170 citizens/hour at baseline to 1,930 citizens/hour. Citizens’ engagement in vigorous activities also declined by 11%, from 73 citizens/hour at baseline to 65 citizens/hour at one-year follow up. In the comparison site, citizens’ usage for walking and vigorous physical activity was similar to the Superblock.

Conclusions
This is the first study to assess the extent to which citizens made use of the Barcelona Superblock model to perform physical activities, an urban built-environment intervention that is both novel and health-enhancing. The Superblock model would benefit from strategies maximizing effectiveness for promoting superblock-based physical activity, with special focus on seniors and teenagers.
Transgender and other gender diverse adolescents with eating disorders requiring medical stabilization
Authors: Chaphekar Anita V. , Vance Stanley R. , Garber Andrea K. , Buckelew Sara , Ganson Kyle T. , Downey Amanda , Nagata Jason M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the high prevalence of eating disorders in gender diverse adolescents, little is known about the characteristics of gender diverse youth with eating disorders who require inpatient medical stabilization. The primary objective of this study was to describe the medical, anthropometric, and psychiatric characteristics of gender diverse adolescents hospitalized for eating disorders and compare these characteristics to cisgender peers hospitalized for eating disorders. The secondary objective was to evaluate percent median body mass index as one marker of malnutrition and treatment goal body mass index as a recovery metric between patients’ birth-assigned sex and affirmed gender using standardized clinical growth charts.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted of 463 patients admitted to an inpatient eating disorders medical unit between 2012 and 2020. To compare medical, anthropometric, and psychiatric data between gender diverse and cisgender patients, chi-square/Fisher’s exact and t-tests were used. Clinical growth charts matching the patients’ birth-assigned sex and affirmed gender identity were used to assess percent of median body mass index and treatment goal body mass index.

Results
Ten patients (2.2%) identified as gender diverse and were younger than cisgender patients [13.6 (1.5) years vs. 15.6 (2.7) years, p = 0.017]. Gender diverse patients were hospitalized with a higher percent median body mass index compared to cisgender peers [97.1% (14.8) vs. 87.9% (13.7), p = 0.037], yet demonstrated equally severe vital sign instability such as bradycardia [44 (8.8) beats per minute vs. 46 (10.6) beats per minute, p = 0.501], systolic hypotension [84 (7.1) mmHg vs. 84 (9.7) mmHg, p = 0.995], and diastolic hypotension [46 (5.8) mmHg vs. 45 (7.3) mmHg, p = 0.884]. Gender diverse patients had a higher prevalence of reported anxiety symptoms compared to cisgender patients (60% vs. 28%, p = 0.037).

Conclusions
Gender diverse patients demonstrated complications of malnutrition including vital sign instability despite presenting with a higher weight. This is consistent with a greater proportion of gender diverse patients diagnosed with atypical anorexia nervosa compared to cisgender peers. Additionally, psychiatric comorbidities were present among both groups, with a larger percentage of gender diverse patients endorsing anxiety compared to cisgender patients.
Evaluation of selected short-term predictions of UT1-UTC and LOD collected in the second earth orientation parameters prediction comparison campaign
Authors: Kur Tomasz , Dobslaw Henryk , Śliwińska Justyna , Nastula Jolanta , Wińska Małgorzata , Partyka Aleksander 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdvanced geodetic and astronomical tasks, such as precise positioning and navigation require forecasted Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP). The Second Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign (2nd EOP PCC) aims to compare various EOP forecast methods implemented by different institutes from all over the world. Here we focus on universal time (UT1-UTC) and Length-of-Day (LOD) predictions received in the period between September 1st, 2021 and May 29th, 2022. The forecasts are preliminarily evaluated against the EOP 14 C04 solution delivered by the International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service (IERS) by using the mean absolute error (MAE) as the prediction quality measure. Exemplarily, we compare forecasts from IERS delivered by U.S. Naval Observatory (USNO) and a selected campaign participant to assess the impact of both input data and computation methodology on predictions. We show that improper treatment of long-periodic ocean tides has severely degraded LOD forecasting until this issue has been brought to the attention of the participant during a meeting of the 2nd EOP PCC. We consider this as a good example for the benefit of the campaign to the overall scientific community by providing specific feedback to individual processing centres on deficits in their products, which lead to quick and effective adaptations. The lessons learned from this analysis could be applied to other EOP forecasting methods based on Effective Angular Momentum (EAM) predictions.
Graphical Abstract
Detection of prostate cancer using diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging with support vector machine model – a feasibility study
Authors: Wei Xiaobin , Zhu Li , Zeng Yanyan , Xue Ke , Dai Yongming , Xu Jianrong , Liu Guiqin , Liu Fang , Xue Wei , Wu Dongmei , Wu Guangyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the performance of diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging (DR-CSI) with support vector machine (SVM) in detecting prostate cancer (PCa).

Methods
In total, 114 patients (mean age, 66 years, range, 48–87 years) who received a prostate MRI and underwent biopsy were enrolled in three stages. Thirty-nine were assigned for the exploration stage to establish the model, 18 for the validation stage to choose the appropriate scale for mapping and 57 for the test stage to compare the diagnostic performance of the DR-CSI and PI-RADS.

Results
In the exploration stage, the DR-CSI model was established and performed better than the ADC and T2 values (both P < 0.001). The validation result shows that at least 2 pixels were required for both the long-axis and short-axis in the mapping procedure. In the test stage, DR-CSI had higher accuracy than PI-RADS ≥ 3 as a positive finding based on patient (84.2% vs. 63.2%, P = 0.004) and lesion (78.8% vs. 57.6%, P = 0.001) as well as PI-RADS ≥ 4 on lesion (76.5% vs. 64.7%, P = 0.029), while there was no significant difference between DR-CSI and PI-RADS ≥ 4 based on patient (P = 0.508). For clinically significant PCa, DR-CSI had higher accuracy than PI-RADS ≥ 3 based on patients (84.2% vs. 63.2%, P = 0.004) and lesions (62.4% vs. 48.2%, P = 0.036). There was no significant difference between DR-CSI and PI-RADS ≥ 4 (P = 1.000 and 0.845 for the patient and lesion levels, respectively).

Conclusions
DR-CSI combined with the SVM model may improve the diagnostic accuracy of PCa.

Trial registration
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of our institute (Approval No. KY2018-213). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
Approaches to co-production of research in care homes: a scoping review
Authors: Hallam-Bowles F. V. , Logan P. A. , Timmons S. , Robinson K. R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Using the technique of co-production to develop research is considered good practice. Co-production involves the public, practitioners and academics working together as equals throughout a research project. Co-production may help develop alternative ways of delivering care for older adults that are acceptable to those who live and work in care homes. However, guidance about applying co-production approaches in this context is lacking. This scoping review aims to map co-production approaches used in care homes for older adults in previous research to support the inclusion of residents and care staff as equal collaborators in future studies.

Methods
A scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology. Seven electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed primary studies using co-production approaches in care home settings for older adults. Studies were independently screened against eligibility criteria by two reviewers. Citation searching was completed. Data relating to study characteristics, co-production approaches used, including any barriers and facilitators, was charted by one reviewer and checked by another. Data was summarised using tables and diagrams with an accompanying narrative description. A collaborator group of care home and health service representatives were involved in the interpretation of the findings from their perspectives.

Results
19 studies were selected for inclusion. A diverse range of approaches to co-production and engaging key stakeholders in care home settings were identified. 11 studies reported barriers and 13 reported facilitators affecting the co-production process. Barriers and facilitators to building relationships and achieving inclusive, equitable and reciprocal co-production were identified in alignment with the five NIHR principles. Practical considerations were also identified as potential barriers and facilitators.

Conclusion
The components of co-production approaches, barriers and facilitators identified should inform the design of future research using co-production approaches in care homes. Future studies should be explicit in reporting what is meant by co-production, the methods used to support co-production, and steps taken to enact the principles of co-production. Sharing of key learning is required to support this field to develop. Evaluation of co-production approaches, including participants’ experiences of taking part in co-production processes, are areas for future research in care home settings.
Clinical characteristics and survival of glioblastoma complicated with non-central nervous system tumors
Authors: Wang Chen , Wang Di , Pan Changqing , Zhang Jiazheng , Cheng Cheng , Zhai You , Yu Mingchen , Wang Zhiliang , Li Guanzhang , Zhang Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Diagnosis and treatment of patients with glioblastoma (GBM) who are also diagnosed with primary non-central nervous system (CNS) tumors remain a challenge, yet little is known about the clinical characteristics and prognosis of these patients. The data presented here compared the clinical and pathological features between glioblastoma patients with or without primary non-CNS tumors, trying to further explore this complex situation.

Methods
Statistical analysis was based on the clinical and pathological data of 45 patients who were diagnosed with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma accompanied by non-CNS tumors between January 2019 and February 2022 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital. Univariate COX proportional hazard regression model was used to determine risk factors for overall survival.

Results
It turned out to be no significant difference in the overall survival (OS) of the 45 patients with IDH-wild-type GBM plus non-CNS tumors, compared with the 112 patients who were only diagnosed with IDH-wild-type GBM. However, there was a significant difference in OS of GBM patients with benign tumors compared to those with malignant tumors.

Conclusions
Implications for the non-central nervous system tumors on survival of glioblastomas were not found in this research. However, glioblastomas complicated with other malignant tumors still showed worse clinical outcomes.
Stages of preadipocyte differentiation: biomarkers and pathways for extracellular structural remodeling
Authors: Hu Zhihan , Liu Yi , Yao Zongjiang , Chen Liming , Wang Gang , Liu Xiaohui , Tian Yafei , Cao Guangtong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
This study utilized bioinformatics to analyze the underlying biological mechanisms involved in adipogenic differentiation, synthesis of the extracellular matrix (ECM), and angiogenesis during preadipocyte differentiation in human Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome at different time points and identify targets that can potentially improve fat graft survival.

Results
We analyzed two expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at six different time points after the initiation of preadipocyte differentiation. Related pathways were identified using Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). We further constructed a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and its central genes. The results showed that upregulated DEGs were involved in cell differentiation, lipid metabolism, and other cellular activities, while downregulated DEGs were associated with angiogenesis and development, ECM tissue synthesis, and intercellular and intertissue adhesion. GSEA provided a more comprehensive basis, including participation in and positive regulation of key pathways of cell metabolic differentiation, such as the “peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway” and the “adenylate-activated protein kinase signaling pathway,” a key pathway that negatively regulates pro-angiogenic development, ECM synthesis, and adhesion.

Conclusions
We identified the top 20 hub genes in the PPI network, including genes involved in cell differentiation, ECM synthesis, and angiogenesis development, providing potential targets to improve the long-term survival rate of fat grafts. Additionally, we identified drugs that may interact with these targets to potentially improve fat graft survival.
Cognitive and psychological factors associated with severe insomnia in Brazilian women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: El Rafihi-Ferreira Renatha , do Brasil do Carmo Marwin Machay Indio , Bassolli Lucas , Hasan Rosa , Aizawa Isabela Mayumi Nishino , Toscanini Andrea Cecilia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInsomnia is the most prevalent sleep disorder in women. Sociodemographic, cognitive, and psychological factors may contribute to its severity. This study evaluated factors associated with severe insomnia in women with insomnia complaints. We evaluated 530 women aged 18–59 (mean = 40.5,SD= 10.2), who experienced insomnia complaints, using self-report instruments. Severe insomnia was defined as a score above 21 on the Insomnia Severity Index. Age, marital status, educational level, depression and anxiety, psychological inflexibility, and beliefs about sleep were assessed as potential factors associated with severe insomnia. Simple and multivariate analyses were conducted using binary logistic regression. Low education level (odds ratio;OR= 1.85 [1.27–2.69]), depression (OR= 2.17 [1.27–3.81]), psychological inflexibility (OR= 1.05 [1.02–1.08]), and dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (OR= 1.04 [1.02–1.06]) were factors associated with severe insomnia scores in the multiple logistic regression model. These findings are important from a public health perspective, because behavioral strategies designed to treat insomnia with a focus on cognitive and psychological factors are low-cost treatments and may help improve sleep quality in women, which also influences mental health.
Clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters in differentiating dengue from other acute febrile illnesses
Authors: Juliansen Andry , Budiputri Charista Lydia , Meliani Fellisa , Muljono Michelle Patricia , Heriyanto Rivaldo Steven , Chandra Shally , Octavius Gilbert Sterling 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Dengue infection is one of the most common viral infections globally, with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, including hemorrhage and shock. Early diagnostic confirmation of dengue infection is essential, but some areas may not have the appropriate diagnostic tools while its clinical symptoms are similar to other diseases. We aim to determine some significant clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters in differentiating dengue from other causes of febrile.

Results
This study included 527 dengue patients and 268 control patients. Multivariate analysis showed older age (OR = 12.11; 95% 5.42–26.63, p < 0.001), the absence of diarrhea (OR = 0.12; 95% CI 0.06–0.25, p < 0.001), leukopenia (OR = 13.35; 95% CI 4.99–38.71, p < 0.001), thrombocytopenia (OR = 7.12; 95% CI 2.37–21.38, p < 0.001), and normal ESR (OR = 3.03; 95% CI 1.54–5.96, p = 0.001) are significant parameters in differentiating dengue with excellence (AUC value of 0.96) and good fit of the model (p value = 0.8). The cut-off is two significant variables with a sensitivity of 91.4% and specificity of 87.5%.

Conclusions
Two or more clinical signs can help clinicians differentiate dengue from other acute febrile illnesses.
Added value of a chest multidetector computed tomography scoring system in the assessment of chronic lung disease among pediatric patients
Authors: Hafez Mona Ahmed Fouad , Singh Chandan Kumar , Sayed Yasmin Saied Aly , Mahmoud Reham Osama 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Pediatric chronic lung disease (CLD) represents a heterogeneous group of several distinct clinical entities, with its prevalence increasing over the last decade. The current study aimed to identify the role of chest multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) using modified Bhalla scoring for the early diagnosis of CLD in pediatric patients and determine the most common chest MDCT findings. This prospective study involved 45 pediatric patients with chronic respiratory symptoms, all of whom underwent MDCT. Thereafter, data were analyzed using the modified Bhalla score.

Results
Chronic lung diseases were classified according to their radiological and clinical criteria. The total CT score, which was the most significant factor for chronic inhalation and chronic recurrent inflammatory lung diseases, varied between 2 and 21 points, with those having autoimmune diseases exhibiting the largest value for the mean CT score. The clinical severity of symptoms was not correlated with CT score.

Conclusion
Our findings showed that MDCT was a useful tool for diagnosing pediatric CLD and assessing disease extent, severity, and superimposed complications. The modified Bhalla CT scoring system allowed for systematic primary and follow-up assessments of various lung lesions in cases with varying CLD etiologies.
Mechanical properties of concrete at low and ultra-low temperatures- a review
Authors: Huo Yanlin , Sun Huayang , Lu Dong , Chen Zhitao , Yang Yingzi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs infrastructure construction advances toward the cold and highland environment, concrete preparation technology and service performance in the cold climate is receiving much attention. The freezing of pore water inside concrete leads to significant changes in its mechanical properties at negative temperatures. Therefore, to ensure the safety of civil engineering structures in cold regions, it is necessary to fully understand the change law and enhancement mechanism of the mechanical properties of concrete and be able to predict mechanical properties at a negative temperature. Since the 1970s, scholars have studied concrete’s negative temperature mechanical properties in different water-content states. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the changes in mechanical properties of concrete at low and ultra-low temperatures and further elucidates the evolution of its compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, elastic modulus, and stress-strain relationship at low temperatures. It was found that the main factors affecting the mechanical properties of concrete at low temperatures were temperature and moisture content. The strength of concrete increases significantly with the decrease in temperature and the increase in moisture content. To better understand and predict the mechanical properties of concrete at low temperatures, the best model was suggested by analyzing the prediction models of different researchers and considering the dispersion of the data. Further, based on the G. Wiedemann pore model, the changes in the internal structure of concrete at low temperatures are described in detail, and the mechanism of its mechanical property enhancement is analyzed.
An information entropy-based risk assessment method for multiple-media gathering pipelines
Authors: Qin Guojin , Tang Shengyu , Li Ruiling , Xia Ailin , Zhang Zhenwei , Wang Yihuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnrefined and highly corrosive upstream petroleum resources and complex operating environments pose a significant threat to the integrity and safety of gathering pipelines. The present study proposed a novelty method to perform a risk assessment for gathering pipelines. The use of historical failure data developed a fishbone diagram model of hazard factors. The risk index system was developed based on the KENT method, including failure likelihood and failure consequence coefficient models. Information entropy theory was used to determine the weight of each indicator. Combined with the area-level safety design coefficient, The welding institute (TWI) method was improved to perform risk classification for different areas. The proposed method was applied to 81 gathering pipelines. Results demonstrated that the proposed method could meet the actual conditions of gathering pipelines, improving upstream energy security.