bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal analysis of tuberculosis in Sungai Tabuk District, South Kalimantan, 2020-2021
Authors: Lasari H H D , Medyna I , Fadillah N A , Rosadi D , Fakhriadi R 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRespiratory TB is a chronic infectious disease that is still a global public health problem. One of the efforts in anticipating the threat of an explosion of tuberculosis cases is to prioritize surveillance through spatial analysis to detect clustering of cases. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used to describe the spatial distribution and identify areas where tuberculosis clustering is likely to occur so that it can be a source of information for policymakers in the health sector in implementing tuberculosis control program activities. This study aims to identify spatiotemporal clusters of Respiratory TB cases in Sungai Tabuk district from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. This study is a spatiotemporal retrospective study conducted in Sungai Tabuk District using data on Respiratory TB case reports obtained from the surveillance data of the Banjar District Health Office from 2020 to 2021. This study used the Poisson model with the help of the SaTScan v10.1 application and visualization of cluster patterns using the Quantum GIS 3.28 application. This study found that there are 2 clusters of Respiratory TB in Sungai Tabuk district. The cluster in 2020 during January-April showed significant results (RR = 6.78, P-value = 0.0001) with the cluster center located in Sungai Tabuk Keramat Village and a cluster radius of 7.2 km from the center point. Meanwhile, the cluster in 2021 was not significant (RR=5.03, P-value=0.141). Factors affecting TB clusters in Sungai Tabuk district are sociodemographic factors and environmental factors. Local governments can increase case-finding efforts and increase health promotion related to Respiratory TB disease, healthy homes, and clean and healthy living behaviors in areas and communities located in risky locations.
Planning of Waste Treatment Plant Based on Reduce Reuse Recycle in Temanggung Regency
Authors: Budihardjo M A , Junaidi  , Sumiyati S , Kusworo A H B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
There are waste collections in Temanggung Regency, located at specific points on the streets and are used by the community. But the system still needs to be structured, and there is no systematic planning yet, so it has not been handled effectively and efficiently thoroughly in each location. However, from the research that has been done, there is no research that discusses the design appropriate processing for each type of waste management facilities. There has been no design evaluation accordance with existing conditions, only planning in aspect or directly discussing certain processing. Based on this, the Planning of a Waste Treatment Plant in Temanggung Regency was carried out and the objective of this research is designing a Waste Treatment Plant Based on Reduce Reuse Recycle. It has result from waste generation and composition data, the required area for WTP 3R is 177.4 m2 of the 200 m2. This plant consists of waste treatment for organic and inorganic.
Exploring marine surface microplastic around Pasaran Island, Lampung Province
Authors: Sari Novi Kartika , Yuniar Dita , Alam Firdha Cahya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Microplastics have been challenging issues as an emerging pollutant in the marine environment. The objective aims to assess the surface microplastic abundance and morphology around Pasaran Island, Lampung Province. Sampling was done by using plankton net in four sampling stations, which were selected purposively and sampled using the composite method in the morning and evening. The microplastics would be analyzed by visual inspection for the morphology (shape, size, and colors) and polymers. The microplastic abundance around Pasar Island was identified as 67,25±24.8 items/L. The highest finding was located in the fourth station, which was the nearest area of fishing activities. However, there was no significant difference spatially and temporally. The dominant size distribution was 401-1000 (40%) mm, while blue (33%) and black (28%) were the most commonly found colors. The microplastic shape was observed in fiber (72%), followed by fragment (20%). The Raman test was done to identify its polymer, using a blue fragment sample detected as polypropylene.
Nickel-L-leucine framework (MOF): synthesis, structural characterization, and potential applications in biological studies
Authors: Kiran Mehvish , Yasin Khawaja Ansar , Haq Sirajul , Elmnasri Khaled , Ben Abdallah Fethi , Ben Ali Manel , Shah Amreen , Hedfi Amor , Mahmoudi Ezzeddine 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The microbial resistance to antibiotics and the generation of free radicals inside as a result of different oxidative processes are modern global challenges for researchers. The exploration of MOFs as an antibacterial agent against pathogenic bacteria and as an antioxidant agent to scavenge free radicals as countermeasures to alleviate these problems. For this purpose, the metal organic framework (MOF), composed of L-leucine as a linker and nickel as a metal, was synthesized via a convenient, one-pot process under reflux conditions. The products formed were characterized through different techniques, including N2 adsorption experiments, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The physicochemical analysis shows that the MOF has a crystalline nature with a surface area of 129 (±5) m2/g and a pore size of 1.95 nm. The synthesized MOF was then subjected to antibacterial activity, and the high activity was recorded against S. aureus. The dose-dependent antioxidant study shows the activity increases with increasing the concentration of the MOF. However, both the antibacterial and antioxidant activities were found to be less than those of the standard drugs (clindamycin and ascorbic acid).
Long-term Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Other Thrombotic Complications in COVID-19 Survivors: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lim Jue Tao , Liang En Wee , Tay An Ting , Pang Deanette , Chiew Calvin J , Ong Benjamin , Lye David Chien Boon , Tan Kelvin Bryan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Growing evidence suggests that some coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors experience a wide range of long-term postacute sequelae. We examined the postacute risk and burden of new-incident cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and other thrombotic complications after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a highly vaccinated multiethnic Southeast Asian population, during Delta predominance.

Methods
This cohort study used national testing and healthcare claims databases in Singapore to build a cohort of individuals who had a positive SARS-CoV-2 test between 1 September and 30 November 2021 when Delta predominated community transmission. Concurrently, we constructed a test-negative control group by enrolling individuals between 13 April 2020 and 31 December 2022 with no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Participants in both groups were followed up for a median of 300 days. We estimated risks of new-incident cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and other thrombotic complications using doubly robust competing-risks survival analysis. Risks were reported using 2 measures: hazard ratio (HR) and excess burden (EB) with 95% confidence intervals.

Results
We included 106 012 infected cases and 1 684 085 test-negative controls. Compared with the control group, individuals with COVID-19 exhibited increased risk (HR, 1.157 [1.069–1.252]) and excess burden (EB, 0.70 [.53–.88]) of new-incident cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. Risks decreased in a graded fashion for fully vaccinated (HR, 1.11 [1.02–1.22]) and boosted (HR, 1.10 [.92–1.32]) individuals. Conversely, risks and burdens of subsequent cardiovascular/cerebrovascular complications increased for hospitalized and severe COVID-19 cases (compared to nonhospitalized cases).

Conclusions
Increased risks and excess burdens of new-incident cardiovascular/cerebrovascular complications were reported among infected individuals; risks can be attenuated with vaccination and boosting.
Rectal Urgency Among Patients With Ulcerative Colitis or Crohn’s Disease: Analyses from a Global Survey
Authors: Ha Christina , Naegeli April N , Lukanova Rina , Shan Mingyang , Wild Rosie , Hennessy Fritha , Jyothi Kommoju Uma , Potts Bleakman Alison , Hunter Gibble Theresa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Rectal urgency is a common but under-reported inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptom. The present study assessed the prevalence of rectal urgency and its association with disease activity and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) among patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn’s disease (CD) in a real-world setting.

Methods
Data were drawn from the 2017–2018 Adelphi IBD Disease Specific Programme™, a multi-center, point-in-time survey of gastroenterologists and consulting adult patients with UC or CD in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Gastroenterologists completed patient record forms and patients completed self-reported forms. Analyses were conducted separately for patients with UC or CD. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, disease activity, symptoms, and PROs were compared between patients with and without rectal urgency.

Results
In total, 1057 patients with UC and 1228 patients with CD were included. Rectal urgency was reported in 20.2% of patients with UC and 16.4% with CD. Patients with rectal urgency were more likely to have moderate or severe disease (UC or CD: P &lt; .0001), higher mean Mayo score (UC: P &lt; .0001), higher mean Crohn’s Disease Activity Index score (CD: P &lt; .0001), lower Short IBD Questionnaire scores (UC or CD: P &lt; .0001), and higher work impairment (UC: P &lt; .0001; CD: P = .0001) than patients without rectal urgency.

Conclusions
Rectal urgency is a common symptom associated with high disease activity, decreased work productivity, and worse quality of life. Further studies are needed to include rectal urgency assessment in routine clinical practice to better gauge disease activity in patients with UC or CD.
Abdominal Pain in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Evidence-Based, Multidisciplinary Review
Authors: Coates Matthew D , Clarke Kofi , Williams Emmanuelle , Jeganathan Nimalan , Yadav Sanjay , Giampetro David , Gordin Vitaly , Smith Sadie , Vrana Kent , Bobb Anne , Gazzio Thu Thi , Tressler Heather , Dalessio Shannon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Abdominal pain is one of the most common and impactful symptoms associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including both Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. A great deal of research has been undertaken over the past several years to improve our understanding and to optimize management of this issue. Unfortunately, there is still significant confusion about the underlying pathophysiology of abdominal pain in these conditions and the evidence underlying treatment options in this context. There is also a relative paucity of comprehensive reviews on this topic, including those that simultaneously evaluate pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapeutic options. In this review, our multidisciplinary team examines evidence for various currently available medical, surgical, and other analgesic options to manage abdominal pain in IBD.
Aortic valve replacement in non-elderly: the gap between reality, guidelines and evidence
Authors: Geuens Lise , Van Hoof Lucas , Van De Bruaene Alexander , Rega Filip , Meuris Bart , Verbrugghe Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
There are several treatment options for non-elderly adults (18–60 years) in need of aortic valve replacement (AVR): a mechanical or biological substitute, a homograft, the Ross procedure or nowadays even transcatheter aortic valve replacement. This study evaluated the current opinions and practices of cardiac surgeons and cardiologists concerning AVR strategies in this patient group.

METHODS
A 43-item online survey was sent out to several scientific organizations, individual cardiac surgeons, cardiologists and residents/fellows worldwide.

RESULTS
Two hundred twenty-two physicians from 33 different countries answered the survey. The UK (24%), Belgium (23%) and North America (22%) are best represented. A mechanical valve is the most frequently used substitute in non-elderly. With increasing patient age, the popularity of a biological valve increases. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement and the Ross procedure are each used in &lt;10% of this cohort. Only 12% of the cardiac surgeons has experience with the Ross surgery. In 23%, the patient seems not to be involved in the decision on the type of valve substitute.

CONCLUSIONS
The preferred surgical treatment for non-elderly patients in need of AVR differs widely. To enable a shared decision-making process including patient preferences, there is more need for collaboration between cardiac departments, as well as education and scientific research about patient-centred outcomes of the different AVR techniques.
Analysis of BlaEC family class C beta-lactamase
Authors: Schmidt Jiri , Zdarska Veronika , Kolar Milan , Mlynarcik Patrik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed an increased prevalence of intrinsic and acquired beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, severely limiting human and veterinary medicine therapeutic options. The present study aimed to design specific oligonucleotides for rapid PCR detection of the cephalosporinase-encoding gene blaEC (BlaEC family class C beta-lactamase). A total of three primers were designed to detect 2281 variants of the blaEC gene and two sets of primer pairs were also tested against DNA from 11 strains. The study indicates that the proposed primers should be able to detect 100% of all described blaEC genes in different bacterial strains and monitor their spread. After comparing the amino acid sequences, a phylogenetic tree was created based on the presence of conserved amino acids and homologous motifs. More than 24 760 mutations in BlaEC enzymes have been identified. The mutations involving 371 amino acid positions and these hotspots can change the structure and activity of the monitored enzymes. We predicted several BlaEC enzymes with a broadened substrate activity against higher-generation cephalosporins.
Militarized governance of migration in the Mediterranean
Authors: Kinacioglu Müge 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article focuses on the increasing use of military actors in the governance of migration in the Mediterranean basin. The article analyses maritime migration as distinct from migration via other routes. It investigates the understudied features of the securitization processes of maritime migration and discusses their repercussions for migrants' rights. To this end, building on critical security perspectives and inspired by critical geopolitics, the article conducts a textual and discourse analysis of NATO and the European Union's security assessments and strategies, and examines the practices ensuing from these organizations' security narrative. The article's main arguments are two-fold: first, it contends that framing migration as a ‘hybrid threat’ by NATO and the EU expands the spaces of containment of human mobility at the expense of migrants' protection and rights; and second, it argues that such a ‘threat discourse’ simultaneously provides legitimacy for military operations and eliminates accountability for infringement of the human rights of migrants and refugees. The article ends with a summary of the analysis and the subsequent conclusions, as well as suggestions for overturning the current trends of dehumanization of migrants and law-breaking in the name of security in the Mediterranean.
The CPTPP, cross-strait tensions, and Taiwan’s recognition for survival strategy under the democratic progressive party
Authors: He Tian , Magcamit Michael 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Since coming to power in 2016, the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) has pledged to safeguard Taiwan’s sovereignty amidst Beijing’s aggressive imposition of the one-China principle. This article assesses the impact of the DPP’s recognition for survival strategy which involves using free trade agreements (FTAs) to boost Taiwan’s legal standing and recognition in the international community. The strategy entails a two-pronged plan: retaining Taiwan’s status as a vital regional economic player to ultimately advance its de jure sovereignty via regional FTAs. Drawing on Taiwan’s past FTA experiences, we analyze the possible outcomes of the government’s application to the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) and the likely consequences of these outcomes on the country’s sovereign claims and status. We argue that while the DPP’s strategy plays a crucial role in renegotiating Taiwan’s political self as an unrecognized state, failure to mitigate the negative externalities of the one-China principle while negotiating and implementing the CPTPP will further undermine the country’s facto sovereignty.
Influence of Organic and Inorganic Compounds of Various Metals on the Synthesis of Polysaccharides by the Medicinal Mushroom Trametes versicolor
Authors: Mustafin Kairat , Suleimenova Zhanara , Narmuratova Zhanar , Akhmetsadykov Nurlan , Kalieva Aigul 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
To date, basidiomycetes are considered to be promising objects of biotechnology, due to a number of biologically active compounds, such as polysaccharides and triterpenes. These compounds have a high therapeutic potential and demonstrate immunomodulatory, antiviral, and antifungal activities.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to study the effect of various concentrations of metal citrates and sulphates on the content of exo- and endopolysaccharides of the fungus Trametes versicolor.

Method
The mycelium was grown by deep cultivation on a semisyntheticglucose-peptone-yeast medium with different contents of zinc, copper, and manganese salts, after which the extraction and measurement of the concentration of polysaccharides were carried out.

Results
The results obtained showed that copper citrate at a concentration of 4 mg/L had the greatest positive effect on biomass yield. The intensity of biomass growth on a nutrient medium with copper citrate increased by 80%. Zinc citrate increased the content of exopolysaccharides by 29% compared to the medium without metal salts. When manganese citrate was added to the medium, the productivity of synthesis decreased, but an increase in the growth rate of mycelium biomass was observed. Sulphates of these metals led to a decrease in the productivity of exopolysaccharide synthesis by 12% for zinc and 35% for manganese.

Conclusions
The addition of both copper citrate and copper sulphate to the medium led to a decrease in the synthesis productivity by 66 and 24%, respectively. The introduction of both citrates and sulphates of these metals into the culture medium led to an increase in the percentage of endopolysaccharides in the mycelium of the fungus.

Highlights
Copper citrate enhances Trametes versicolor biomass by 80%. Zinc citrate increases exopolysaccharide content by 29%. Copper sulphate optimizes endopolysaccharide production.
Assessing Frequency and Appropriateness of Proton Pump Inhibitor Deprescription in Patients Requiring Endoscopic Therapy for Esophageal Strictures
Authors: Kecskemeti Kevin L , Borgaonkar Mark , McGrath Jerry 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
There have been concerns about the widespread usage of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), leading to recommendations to deprescribe PPIs in certain patients. This study aims to determine if PPI deprescription in patients with symptomatic esophageal strictures was consistent with published guidelines and to compare the rate of PPI deprescription between two-time points.

Methods
All patients from two gastroenterology practices who received endoscopic dilation to treat symptomatic strictures between the years of 2015–2017 and 2019–2021 were identified using physician billing codes. We defined inappropriate PPI deprescription as: a patient who was deprescribed their PPI with a past medical history of esophageal stricture, Barrett’s esophagus, grade C/D esophagitis, or who had experienced symptom recurrence after PPI deprescription. Furthermore, we analyzed the rate of PPI deprescription between two time periods 2015–2017 (group 1) and 2019–2021 (group 2).

Results
Two hundred twenty-three esophageal dilations were analyzed. Twenty-six patients in the sample were deprescribed their PPI, with the majority (57 percent) meeting the criteria for inappropriate PPI deprescription. There was a trend towards more inappropriate deprescription in the second time period. (71 percent vs. 33 percent; P = 0.06). Patients in group 2 had a higher rate of PPI deprescription (23.9 percent) than group 1 (6.0 percent; P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
PPI deprescription in patients treated for symptomatic esophageal strictures appears to be more common in the second time period. Most patients were defined as inappropriate deprescription. Physicians must apply guidelines carefully when considering deprescribing PPIs.
Efficacy of stored grain insecticides against 2 pest beetles in rough rice
Authors: Doherty Ethan M , Sun Qian , Wilson Blake E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Insecticidal grain protectants can provide control of pest insects during grain storage, but studies which directly compare the efficacy of insecticides in rough rice are few. We examined methoprene, deltamethrin, commercial formulations of methoprene + deltamethrin, β-cyfluthrin, and diatomaceous earth applied to rough rice over a 6-month period for control of lesser grain borers, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae), and rice weevils, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). We found that methoprene, deltamethrin, or a combination of the 2 were the most effective controls of both beetles in 22.7-liter metal containers. Damage mass and beetle mass in methoprene-treated rice were reduced by 38% and 55%, respectively, when compared to the nontreated control. Similarly, the mixture of deltamethrin and methoprene reduced damage mass by 32% and total beetle mass by 45% below that of the nontreated control. Deltamethrin reduced total beetle mass by 38% relative to the nontreated rice. In vial assays, only the combination of deltamethrin and methoprene provided control of R. dominica. Diatomaceous earth had the greatest impact upon S. oryzae, but it did not affect R. dominica. Based on these results, a commercial formulation of deltamethrin and methoprene is likely to provide the best overall control of stored grain beetles, though diatomaceous earth may be effective when use of chemical insecticides is undesirable or when S. oryzae is the sole pest present.
Galaxy Zoo DESI: Detailed morphology measurements for 8.7M galaxies in the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys
Authors: Walmsley Mike , Géron Tobias , Kruk Sandor , Scaife Anna M M , Lintott Chris , Masters Karen L , Dawson James M , Dickinson Hugh , Fortson Lucy , Garland Izzy L , Mantha Kameswara , O’Ryan David , Popp Jürgen , Simmons Brooke , Baeten Elisabeth M , Macmillan Christine 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We present detailed morphology measurements for 8.67 million galaxies in the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys (DECaLS, MzLS, and BASS, plus DES). These are automated measurements made by deep learning models trained on Galaxy Zoo volunteer votes. Our models typically predict the fraction of volunteers selecting each answer to within 5–10 per cent for every answer to every GZ question. The models are trained on newly collected votes for DESI-LS DR8 images as well as historical votes from GZ DECaLS. We also release the newly collected votes. Extending our morphology measurements outside of the previously released DECaLS/SDSS intersection increases our sky coverage by a factor of 4 (5000–19 000 deg2) and allows for full overlap with complementary surveys including ALFALFA and MaNGA.