bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moringa oleifera leaf supplementation relieves oxidative stress and regulates intestinal flora to ameliorate polycystic ovary syndrome in letrozole‐induced rats
Authors: Wu YanXiang , Yang XiuYan , Hu YuanYuan , Hu XueHong , Zhang YueLin , An Tian , Lv BoHan , Tao SiYu , Liu Qing , Jiang GuangJian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of supplementation Moringa oleifera leaf (MOL) on relieving oxidative stress, anti‐inflammation, changed the relative abundance of multiple intestinal flora and blood biochemical indices during letrozole‐induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Previous studies have shown that MOL has anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidation, insulin‐sensitizing effects. However, whether MOL has beneficial effects on PCOS remains to be elucidated. In the current study, 10‐week‐old female Sprague–Dawley rats received letrozole to induce PCOS‐like rats, and subsequently were treated with a MOL diet. Then, the body weight and estrus cycles were measured regularly in this period. Finally, the ovarian morphology, blood biochemical indices, anti‐oxidative, intestinal flora, and anti‐inflammation were observed at the end of the experiment. We found that MOL supplementation markedly decreased the body weight, significantly upregulated the expression of Sirt1, FoxO1, PGC‐1α, IGF1, and substantially modulated the sex hormone level and improved insulin resistance, which may be associated with the relieves oxidative stress. Moreover, the supplementation of MOL changed the relative abundance of multiple intestinal flora, the relative abundance of Fusobacterium, Prevotella were decreased, and Blautia and Parabacteroides were increased. These results indicate that MOL is potentially a supplementary medication for the management of PCOS.
Gender‐Affirming Care for Cisgender People
Authors: Schall Theodore E. , Moses Jacob D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGender‐affirming care is almost exclusively discussed in connection with transgender medicine. However, this article argues that such care predominates among cisgender patients, people whose gender identity matches their sex assigned at birth. To advance this argument, we trace historical shifts in transgender medicine since the 1950s to identify central components of “gender‐affirming care” that distinguish it from previous therapeutic models, such as “sex reassignment.” Next, we sketch two historical cases—reconstructive mammoplasty and testicular implants—to show how cisgender patients offered justifications grounded in authenticity and gender affirmation that closely mirror rationales supporting gender‐affirming care for transgender people. The comparison exposes significant disparities in contemporary health policy regarding care for cis and trans patients. We consider two possible objections to the analogy we draw, but ultimately argue that these disparities are rooted in “trans exceptionalism” that produces demonstrable harm..
Home Care in America: The Urgent Challenge of Putting Ethical Care into Practice
Authors: Solis Coleman , Mintz Kevin T. , Wasserman David , Fenton Kathleen , Danis Marion 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHome care is one of the fastest‐growing industries in the United States, providing valuable opportunities for millions of older adults and people with disabilities to live at home rather than in institutional settings. Home care workers assist clients with essential activities of daily living, but their wages and working conditions generally fail to reflect the importance of their work. Drawing on the work of Eva Feder Kittay and other care ethicists, we argue that good care involves attending to the needs of another out of a concern for their well‐being. Such care should be standard in the home care system. Yet, because of the pervasive racial, gender, and economic inequalities that the home care industry perpetuates, home care workers and their clients cannot reasonably be expected to care about each other. We endorse reforms aimed at enabling home care workers and their clients to form and maintain professional relationships that cultivate care..
Longitudinal associations among physical activity, inflammatory markers, and quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Huang Shuyuan , Zhan Yan , Jeon Sangchoon , Bruner Deborah W. , Miller Andrew H. , Felger Jennifer C. , Wommack Evanthia C. , Saba Nabil F. , Higgins Kristin A. , Irwin Melinda L. , Gary Rebecca A. , Xiao Canhua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to explore the associations among physical activity (PA), inflammatory markers, and quality of life (QoL) from preradiotherapy to 1‐year postradiotherapy for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC).MethodsThis was an observational longitudinal study. Mixed‐effect models incorporating within‐subject correlation were used to examine the relationship among the three key variables.ResultsAerobically active patients had significantly lower levels of sTNFR2 (but not other inflammatory markers) than aerobically inactive patients. Being aerobically active and lower inflammation were independently associated with better total QoL scores after adjusting covariates. The trend was similar for patients engaged in strength exercises.ConclusionsBeing aerobically active was associated with lower inflammation as represented by sTNFR2 but not with other inflammatory markers. Higher PA (aerobic and strength) and lower inflammation were linked to better QoL. More research is warranted to validate the association among PA, inflammation, and QoL.
Demographic characteristics and risk factors related to high blood pressure among healthy blood donors from Luanda, Angola: A retrospective study
Authors: Sebastião Cruz S. , Sacomboio Euclides , Francisco Ngiambudulu M. , Paixão Joana , Cassinela Edson K. , de Vasconcelos Jocelyne Neto , Pimentel Victor , Morais Joana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsHypertension is a public health concern, mainly in resource‐limited countries. We investigated the characteristics and risk factors related to high blood pressure in healthy blood donors from, Luanda, the capital city of Angola.MethodsThis was a retrospective study that included 343 healthy donors from December 2019 to September 2020.ResultsThe mean age was 32 ± 9 years. Men represented 93% of the population. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 131 ± 12.3 mmHg (ranging from 100 to 160 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 80.1 ± 9.72 mmHg (from 56.0 to 100 mmHg). DBP was related to age and gender (p < 0.05). About 7.3% of the donors had high‐pressure (>140/90 mmHg). Age between 20 and 40 years (odds ratio [OR]: 2.52, p = 0.043), women (OR: 1.87, p = 0.548), nonurbanized areas (OR: 0.39, p = 0.067), high educational level (OR: 0.76, p = 0.637), employed (OR: 0.49, p = 0.491), voluntary donors (OR: 0.87, p = 0.799), blood group B (OR: 2.06, p = 0.346), and Rh‐ (OR: 0.26, p = 0.104), were potentially related with high‐pressure. The high‐pressure cases increased from December 2019 (4%) to September 2020 (28%) (p = 0.019).ConclusionWe showed high pressure among the healthy blood donors population. Demographic characteristics, ABO/Rh blood group, and year period are features that should be considered in cardiovascular disease control strategies. Biological and nonbiological features related to blood pressure changes should be considered for further studies in the Angolan population.
An ultrasonographic study of gouty arthritis: Synovitis and its relationship to clinical symptoms: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Zheng Wenli , Lu Peiming , Jiang Dianhu , Chen Lixian , Li Yi , Deng Haowen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsJoint pain is the main symptom of acute attacks in patients with gout, which if not managed properly, can develop into chronic gout. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between ultrasound (US) features of gouty arthritis (GA) and its clinical manifestations to provide a basis for diagnosing and evaluating the disease.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 182 sites in 139 patients with GA diagnosed by the Rheumatology and Immunology Department. Degree of pain was evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS). Patients with GA were divided into active and inactive arthritis groups. Statistical differences between the two groups and the correlation between US features and clinical manifestations of the affected joints in patients with GA were analyzed.ResultsThe groups had statistical significance in joint effusion, power Doppler ultrasonography (PDS), double contour sign, and bone erosion (p = 0.02, 0.001, 0.04, 0.04, respectively). Correlation analysis in this study showed that joint effusion and PDS were positively correlated with degree of pain (rs = 0.275, 0.269; p < 0.001, <0.001, respectively). Additionally, PDS was positively correlated with synovitis, joint effusion, bone erosion, and aggregates (rs = 0.271, 0.281, 0.222, 0.281; p < 0.001, <0.001, 0.003, <0.001, respectively).ConclusionsPathological US features, such as joint effusion, synovitis, PDS and bone erosion were more likely to be detected in GA with clinical signs and symptoms. PDS was positively correlated with joint effusion and synovitis, pain was closely related to PDS and joint effusion, which suggested that the clinical symptoms of GA were related to inflammation, reflecting the patient's condition to some extent. Therefore, musculoskeletal US is a useful clinical tool for managing patients with GA and can provide a reliable reference for diagnosing and treating GA.
Cancer incidence in Southern Iran, 2015−2018: A population based study on cancer registry profile of Fars province
Authors: Rezaianzadeh Abbas , Ghoddusi Johari‬ Masoumeh , Niazkar Hamid Reza , Khosravizadegan Zahra , Monabati Ahmad , Shiraziyeganeh Babak 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsCancer registry profiles provide an insight into the trend of cancer in a specific region. The present study aimed to report the cancer incidence in Fars during 2015−2018, based on the cancer registry of Fars province.MethodsThe present population‐based study electronically gathered new cancer patient's data from all pathology, radiology, radiotherapy, chemotherapy departments, and mortality data of Fars province. This electronic connection was first established in 2015, in Fars Cancer Registry database. After data gathering, all duplicated patients are removed from the database. The Fars Cancer Registry database includes data such as gender, age, cancer ICD‐O code, and city from March 2015 to 2018. Furthermore, the death certificate only (DCO%) and microscopic verification (MV%) were calculated using SPSS software.ResultsA total of 34,451 patients with cancer were registered in the Fars Cancer Registry database during these 4 years. Among these patients, 51.9% (n = 17,866) were male, and 48.1% (n = 16,585) were female. Furthermore, the mean age of patients with cancer was about 57.3 ± 19 (60.50 ± 19 in males, 53.86 ± 18 in females). In men, prostate, skin (non‐melanoma), bladder, colon and rectum, and stomach are the most common cancers. Also, in women, breast, skin (non‐melanoma), thyroid gland, colon and rectum, and uterus were the most common cancers in the studied population.ConclusionOverall, breast, prostate, skin (non‐melanoma), colon and rectum, and thyroid cancers were the most common cancers among the studied population. Healthcare decision‐makers could make evidence‐based policies to decrease cancer incidence based on the reported data.
Symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria prevalence and its determinant factors in pastoral communities of Waghemira Zone, Northeast Ethiopia: A community‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Debash Habtu , Tesfaw Gebru , Ebrahim Hussen , Shibabaw Agumas , Melese Yimer , Tilahun Mihret , Alemayehu Ermiyas , Mohammed Ousman , Tesfaye Melkam , Abate Mengistu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsMalaria elimination programs have also encountered numerous challenges, such as widespread asymptomatic carriers in endemic areas, which should be taken into account in malaria‐control programs for effective transmission interruption. The purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria infections and associated factors, in pastoral communities.MethodsA community‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted among selected districts in the Waghemra Zone, Northeast Ethiopia, from September to December 2022. A structured questionnaire was employed to collect sociodemographic data and associated risk factors. Plasmodium species were detected using light microscopy and a rapid diagnostic test. Data entry and analysis were carried out using SPSS version 26 software. The association between dependent and independent variables was explored by using multivariable logistic regression analyses. A statistically significant association was declared at a p‐value of <0.05.ResultsThe overall prevalence of malaria was 21.2% (134/633), with the predominant Plasmodium falciparum infections accounting for 67.8% (87/134). Among asymptomatic participants, 7.5% (34/451) and 10.2% (46/451) were diagnosed by rapid diagnostic test and light microscopy, respectively. On the other hand, the prevalence of symptomatic malaria was 44.5% (81/182) and 48.4% (88/182) as diagnosed by rapid diagnostic test and light microscopy, respectively. The presence of stagnant water near the houses, the utilization of insecticide‐treated mosquito nets, the number of insecticide‐treated mosquito nets, and outdoor stays at night were all positively linked with the prevalence of malaria.ConclusionsThe overall prevalence estimate for symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria was high. Malaria is still a public health problem in the study area. Malaria infection was associated with the presence of stagnant water near the houses, the utilization of insecticide‐treated mosquito nets, the number of insecticide‐treated mosquito nets, and outdoor stays at night. Improved access to all malaria interventions is needed to interrupt the transmission at the community level.
Effects of heat transfer on MHD suction–injection model of viscous fluid flow through differential transformation and Bernoulli wavelet techniques
Authors: Raghunatha K. R. , Vinod Y. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, a numerical solution of the velocity and heat transfer on the magnetohydrodynamic suction–injection model of viscous fluid flow has been studied. We use the differential transformation method and Bernoulli wavelet method to solve the highly nonlinear governing equations; applying appropriate similarity transformations and reducing governing equations to highly nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations. The objective of this analysis is to determine how the suction parameter, Hartmann number, squeeze number, thermophoresis parameter, and Prandtl number affect the velocity and temperature profiles. When the current findings are compared with those that have already been published in the literature, confident suppositions are made, and it is discovered that there is considerable agreement. Graphs have been used to discuss the influence of nondimensional characteristics on velocity and temperature.
Non‐Newtonian fluid flow with the influence of induced magnetic field through a curved channel under peristalsis
Authors: Magesh A. , Tamizharasi P. , Vijayaragavan R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the influence of the induced magnetic field on the Jeffrey fluid under peristalsis through the curved channel. The governing equations, such as the continuity equation, momentum equation, and magnetic force functions, are formulated. The lengthy equations are shortened by considering the approximations of the tiny Reynolds number and the long wavelength. From the resulting reduced equations, the exact solution is determined. Graphs are used to explain the graphical results of the impact of important parameters of velocity, magnetic force function, current density, induced magnetic field, pressure rise, and stream functions.
Transpiration and evaporative partitioning at a boreal forest and shrub taiga site in a subarctic alpine catchment, Yukon territory, Canada
Authors: Nicholls Erin M. , Clark M. Graham , Carey Sean K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite widespread observations of climate‐change induced treeline migration and shrubification, there remains few direct measurements of transpiration and dynamics of evaporative partitioning in northern climates. Here, we present eddy covariance and sap flow data at a low elevation boreal white spruce forest and a mid‐elevation shrub taiga comprised of tall willow (Salix spp.) and birch (Betula spp.) in a subarctic, alpine catchment in Yukon Territory, Canada over two hydrologically distinct years. Specific research questions addressed were: (1) How do contributions of T to ET vary between sites and years? and (2) What are the primary meteorological, phenological, and soil moisture controls and limits on ET and T across vegetation covers? In the mid‐growing season, mean T rates were greater at the dense shrub site (2.0 ± 0.75 mm d−1) than the forest (1.47 ± 0.52 mm d−1). During this time, T:ET was lower at the forest (0.48) than at the tall, dense shrub site (0.80). Of the 2 years, 2020 was considerably wetter and cooler than 2019 during the growing season. At the shrub site, during the mid‐growing season (July 1‐Aug 15), T dropped considerably in 2020 (−26%), as T was suppressed during the short, wet growing season. In contrast, T at the forest was only moderately suppressed (−3%) between years in this same period. Evapotranspiration was more strongly controlled by air temperature during the early and late season at the forest, while ET at the shrub site was more sensitive to warmer temperatures in the mid‐growing season. Distinct differences in sap flux densities, sensitivities to environmental drivers, and stomatal resistances existed between shrub species. Results suggest that warming temperatures, increases in growing season length, and increased rainfall will cause differences in evaporative response and partitioning over complex, heterogenous alpine watersheds.
Procedural parameters in equivalence‐based instruction with individuals diagnosed with autism: A call for systematic research
Authors: Shawler Lesley A. , Zhelezoglo Karina N. , Miguel Caio F. , Brand Denys 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEquivalence‐based instruction (EBI) is an efficient and efficacious methodology to establish equivalence classes that has been used to teach various academic skills to neurotypical adults. Although previous reviews confirmed the utility of EBI with participants with developmental disabilities, it is unclear whether certain procedural parameters are associated with positive equivalence outcomes. We extended previous reviews by categorizing studies that used EBI with individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and assessed whether any procedural parameters were associated with better equivalence responding. Due to the wide variability of procedural parameters in EBI research, the best procedural permutations to form equivalence classes with individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder are still unknown. Thus, this paper serves as a call to action for applied researchers. Specifically, we encourage and invite researchers to systematically investigate the necessary variables or combination of variables that may lead to successful equivalence class formation.
Front Cover
Authors: Ma Ying , Dai Taiqiang , Yu Lan , Ma Lin , An Sha , Wang Yang , Liu Min , Zheng Juanjuan , Kong Liang , Zuo Chao , Gao Peng 
Published: June 2023

A reflectional quantitative differential phase microscopy (RQDPM) based on polarized wavefront phase modulation and partially coherent full‐aperture illumination is introduced for imaging thick and opaque samples. RQDPM utilizes the polarization‐dependent characteristic of a phase‐type spatial light odulator to divide the object wave into two identical copies with a certain shear distance. When loading different modulation images to the spatial light modulator, phase derivative images with different shearing directions and phase shifts can be obtained. Finally, the phase distribution of the sample is obtained.For further details please visit the article by Ying Ma, Taiqiang Dai, Lan Yu, Lin Ma, Sha An, Yang Wang, Min Liu, Juanjuan Zheng, Liang Kong, Chao Zuo, and Peng Gao (e202200325).image
A composite of polymethylmethacrylate, hydroxyapatite, and β‐tricalcium phosphate for bone regeneration in an osteoporotic rat model
Authors: Hossain Mosharraf , Jeong Je Hoon , Sultana Tamima , Kim Ju Hyung , Moon Ji Eun , Im Soobin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to test several modifications of the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement by incorporating osteoconductive and biodegradable materials for enhancing bone regeneration capacity in an osteoporotic rat model. Three bio‐composites (PHT‐1 [80% PMMA, 16% HA, 4% β‐TCP], PHT‐2 [70% PMMA, 24% HA, 6% β‐TCP], and PHT‐3 [30% PMMA, 56% HA, 14% β‐TCP]) were prepared using different concentrations of PMMA, hydroxyapatite (HA), and β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP). Their morphological structure was then examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mechanical properties were determined using a MTS 858 Bionics test machine (MTS, Minneapolis, MN, USA). For in vivo studies, 35 female Wister rats (250 g, 12 weeks of age) were prepared and divided into five groups including a sham group (control), an ovariectomy‐induced osteoporosis group (OVX), an OVX with pure PMMA group (PMMA), an OVX with PHT‐2 group (PHT‐2), and an OVX with PHT‐3 group (PHT‐3). In vivo bone regeneration efficacy was assessed using micro‐CT and histological analysis after injecting the prepared bone cement into the tibial defects of osteoporotic rats. SEM investigation showed that the PHT‐3 sample had the highest porosity and roughness among all samples. In comparison to other samples, the PHT‐3 exhibited favorable mechanical properties for use in vertebroplasty procedures. Micro‐CT and histological analysis of OVX‐induced osteoporotic rats revealed that PHT‐3 was more effective in regenerating bone and restoring bone density than other samples. This study suggests that the PHT‐3 bio‐composite can be a promising candidate for treating osteoporosis‐related vertebral fractures.