bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile health technology, exercise adherence and optimal nutrition post rehabilitation among people with Parkinson’s Disease (mHEXANUT) – a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Alnes Sigrid Ryeng , Lærum-Onsager Ellisiv , Bye Asta , Vistven Annette , Franzén Erika , Holst Mette , Brovold Therese 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Although it is well known that regular physical activity and exercise, as well as maintaining adequate nutritional status is important to delaying symptom development and maintaining physical capacity and function in people with Parkinson’s Disease (PD), many are unable to follow self-management recommendations. Active interventions have shown short-term effects, but there is a need for interventions that facilitate self-management over the course of the disease. Until now, no studies have combined exercise and nutritional interventions with an individual self-management approach in PD. Thus, we aim to examine the effect of a six-month mobile health technology(m-health)-based follow-up programme, focusing on self-management in exercise and nutrition, after an in-service interdisciplinary rehabilitation programme.

Methods
A single-blinded, two-group randomised controlled trial. Participants are Adults aged 40 or older, with idiopathic PD, Hoehn and Yahr 1–3, living at home. The intervention group receives a monthly, individualized, digital conversation with a PT, combined with use of an activity tracker. People at nutritional risk get additional digital-follow-up from a nutritional specialist. The control group receives usual care. The primary outcome is physical capacity, measured by 6-min walk test (6MWT). Secondary outcomes are nutritional status, Health related quality of life (HRQOL), physical function and exercise adherence. All measurements are performed at baseline, after 3 months and after 6 months. Sample size, based on primary outcome, is set at 100 participants randomized into the two arms, including an estimated 20% drop out.

Discussion
The increasing prevalence of PD globally makes it even more important to develop evidence-based interventions that can increase motivation to stay active, promote adequate nutritional status and improve self-management in people with PD. The individually tailored digital follow-up programme, based on evidence-based practice, has the potential to promote evidence-based decision-making and to empower people with PD to implement exercise and optimal nutrition in their daily lives and, hopefully, increase adherence to exercise and nutritional recommendations.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04945876). First registration 01.03.2021.
Interventions to enhance medication adherence in pregnancy- a systematic review
Authors: Davies Anna , Mullin Sadie , Chapman Sarah , Barnard Katie , Bakhbakhi Danya , Ion Rachel , Neuberger Francesca , Standing Judith , Merriel Abi , Fraser Abigail , Burden Christy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Sub-optimal medication adherence in pregnant women with chronic disease and pregnancy-related indications has the potential to adversely affect maternal and perinatal outcomes. Adherence to appropriate medications is advocated during and when planning pregnancy to reduce risk of adverse perinatal outcomes relating to chronic disease and pregnancy-related indications. We aimed to systematically identify effective interventions to promote medication adherence in women who are pregnant or planning to conceive and impact on perinatal, maternal disease-related and adherence outcomes.

Methods
Six bibliographic databases and two trial registries were searched from inception to 28th April 2022. We included quantitative studies evaluating medication adherence interventions in pregnant women and women planning pregnancy. Two reviewers selected studies and extracted data on study characteristics, outcomes, effectiveness, intervention description (TIDieR) and risk of bias (EPOC). Narrative synthesis was performed due to study population, intervention and outcome heterogeneity.

Results
Of 5614 citations, 13 were included. Five were RCTs, and eight non-randomised comparative studies. Participants had asthma (n = 2), HIV (n = 6), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; n = 2), diabetes (n = 2) and risk of pre-eclampsia (n = 1). Interventions included education +/− counselling, financial incentives, text messaging, action plans, structured discussion and psychosocial support. One RCT found an effect of the tested intervention on self-reported antiretroviral adherence but not objective adherence. Clinical outcomes were not evaluated. Seven non-randomised comparative studies found an association between the tested intervention and at least one outcome of interest: four found an association between receiving the intervention and both improved clinical or perinatal outcomes and adherence in women with IBD, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and asthma. One study in women with IBD reported an association between receiving the intervention and maternal outcomes but not for self-reported adherence. Two studies measured only adherence outcomes and reported an association between receiving the intervention and self-reported and/or objective adherence in women with HIV and risk of pre-eclampsia. All studies had high or unclear risk of bias. Intervention reporting was adequate for replication in two studies according to the TIDieR checklist.

Conclusions
There is a need for high-quality RCTs reporting replicable interventions to evaluate medication adherence interventions in pregnant women and those planning pregnancy. These should assess both clinical and adherence outcomes.
Sleep quality and associated factors among adult people living with HIV on follow-up at Dessie Town Governmental Health Facilities Antiretroviral Therapy Clinics, Northeast, Ethiopia, 2020, a multicenter cross-sectional study
Authors: GebreEyesus Fisha Alebel , Degu Fatuma Seid , Yohanes Yeneabat Birhanu , Azagew Abere Woretaw 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Poor sleep quality is an important health problem in people living with HIV. The exact cause of sleep disturbance is not well known, but it may relate to HIV itself, antiretroviral drug side effects, and other HIV-related disorders. As a result, the purpose of this study was to assess sleep quality and associated factors among adult HIV patients on follow-up at Dessie Town governmental health facilities’ antiretroviral therapy clinics in Northeast Ethiopia in 2020.

Methods
A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among 419 adult people living with HIV/AIDS from February 1/2020 to April 22/2020 in Dessie Town governmental antiretroviral therapy clinics. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the study participants. An interviewer-administered method of data collection with a chart review was used. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to evaluate sleep disruption. A binary logistic regression was conducted to see the relationship between a dependent variable and independent variables. Variables with a p-value of < 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval were used to declare an association between factors and a dependent variable.

Results
A total of 419 study participants were enrolled in this study, with a response rate of 100%. The mean age of the study participants was 36 ± 6.5 SD years and 63.7% of the participants were female. The prevalence of poor sleep quality was found to be 36% (95% CI, 31–41%). Being female (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.52–7.79), viral loads 1000 copies/ml (AOR = 6.88, 95% CI: 2.79–16.9), CD4 cell count 200 cells/mm3 (AOR = 6.85, 95% CI: 2.42–19.39), WHO stage II and III (AOR = 4.29, 95% CI: 1.05–17.53), having anxiety (AOR = 10, 95% CI: 4.21–23.9.

Conclusion
The findings of this study showed that more than one-third of the study participants had poor-quality sleep at the Dessie Town Health Facility ART clinic. Being female, low CD4 cell counts, viral load ≥1000 copies/ml, WHO stage II and III, depression, anxiety, sleeping in a communal bedroom, and living alone were predictors of poor sleep quality.
The global dynamic transmissibility of COVID-19 and its influencing factors: an analysis of control measures from 176 countries
Authors: Wang Hongjian , Lan Yajia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective

To summarise the dynamic characteristics of COVID-19 transmissibility; To analyse and quantify the effect of control measures on controlling the transmissibility of COVID-19; To predict and compare the effectiveness of different control measures.

Methods
We used the basic reproduction number ($${R}_{0}$$

R
0

) to measure the transmissibility of COVID-19, the transmissibility of COVID-19 and control measures of 176 countries and regions from January 1, 2020 to May 14, 2022 were included in the study. The dynamic characteristics of COVID-19 transmissibility were summarised through descriptive research and a Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) model was constructed to quantify the effect of control measures on controlling the transmissibility of COVID-19.

Results
The results show that the spatial transmissibility of COVID-19 is high in Asia, Europe and Africa, the temporal transmissibility of COVID-19 increases with the epidemic of Beta and Omicron strains. Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) model shows that the transmissibility of COVID-19 is negatively correlated with control measures. Restricting population mobility has the strongest effect, nucleic acid testing (NAT) has a strong effect, and vaccination has the weakest effect.

Conclusion
Strict control measures are essential for controlling the COVID-19 outbreak; Restricting population mobility and nucleic acid testing (NAT) have significant impacts on controlling the COVID-19 transmissibility, while vaccination has no significant impact. In light of these findings, future control measures may include the widespread use of new NAT technology and the promotion of booster immunization.
Preparedness, resilience and unmet needs of informal caregivers of advanced cancer patients in a Regional Mission Hospital in Kenya: Qualitative Study
Authors: Too Wesley , Lelei Faith , Adam Mary , Halestrap Pete 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Cancer is the third highest cause of death in Kenya. Eighty percent of cancer cases arrive at advanced stages, when there is nothing that can be done to cure them, and palliative care is the best alternative. Although the majority of end-of-life care in Kenya is provided at home, little is known about the caregivers’ preparedness, resilience and continued unmet needs. The goal of this qualitative study was to explore caregivers’ perceived preparedness, resilience and continued unmet needs in their caregiving role to patients with advanced stages of cancer.

Methods
A purposive sampling method was used to identify and recruit twelve informal, home-based caregivers of patients with advanced cancer from Kijabe Palliative Clinic data base. Interviews were conducted in patients' homes. The data was analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis approach. Ethical considerations were observed. Participants were kept anonymous and confidentiality.

Results
Competing tasks, lack of preparedness in handling end-of-life care for patients in advanced stages of cancer were the main concerns. Continued unmet needs and financial stresses, and vulnerability for female caregivers all contributed to increased caregiver burden in this study. Caregivers were however determined and resilient amidst challenges that faced them, they exhibited hope against hopelessness. Some caregivers were vulnerable and faced potential for abuse following anticipated loss of their family member exacerbated psychosocial stress and needs

Conclusion
Informal caregivers had common unmet needs related to caring for their advanced cancer patients. Whilst family caregivers had huge caregiver burden, insurmountable practical challenges related to role overload and competing tasks, they remained resilient though unprepared in giving end of life care.

Recommendations
Caregivers should also be examined, prepared, and supported during clinic reviews. More research is needed on the use of telephones for caregiver follow-up, the impact of introducing caregiver-targeted screening tools on caregiver quality of life and their impact on enhancing caregiver well-being in order to prepare & support them adequately for the caregiving role.
Key transition technology of ski jumping based on inertial motion unit, kinematics and dynamics
Authors: Yu Jinglun , Ma Xinying , Qi Shuo , Liang Zhiqiang , Wei Zhen , Li Qi , Ni Weiguang , Wei Shutao , Zhang Shengnian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The development and innovation of biomechanical measurement methods provide a solution to the problems in ski jumping research. At present, research on ski jumping mostly focuses on the local technical characteristics of different phases, but studies on the technology transition process are less.

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate a measurement system (i.e. the merging of 2D video recording, inertial measurement unit and wireless pressure insole) that can capture a wide range of sport performance and focus on the key transition technical characteristics.

Methods
The application validity of the Xsens motion capture system in ski jumping was verified under field conditions by comparing the lower limb joint angles of eight professional ski jumpers during the takeoff phase collected by different motion capture systems (Xsens and Simi high-speed camera). Subsequently, the key transition technical characteristics of eight ski jumpers were captured on the basis of the aforementioned measurement system.

Results
Validation results indicated that the joint angle point-by-point curve during the takeoff phase was highly correlated and had excellent agreement (0.966 ≤ r ≤ 0.998, P < 0.001). Joint root-mean-square error (RMSE) differences between model calculations were 5.967° for hip, 6.856° for knee and 4.009° for ankle.

Conclusions
Compared with 2D video recording, the Xsens system shows excellent agreement to ski jumping. Furthermore, the established measurement system can effectively capture the key transition technical characteristics of athletes, particularly in the dynamic changes of straight turn into arc in inrun, the adjustment of body posture and ski movement during early flight and landing preparation.
The precision of ROTEM EXTEM is decreased in hypocoagulable blood: a prospective observational study
Authors: Sunnersjö Lotta , Lindström Henrik , Schött Ulf , Törnquist Noa , Kander Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of viscoelastic tests is becoming increasingly popular. There is a paucity of validation of the reproducibility of varying coagulation states. Therefore, we aimed to study the coefficient of variation (CV) for the ROTEM EXTEM parameters clotting time (CT), clot formation time (CFT), alpha-angle and maximum clot firmness (MCF) in blood with varying degrees of coagulation strength. The hypothesis was that CV increases in states of hypocoagulability.MethodsCritically ill patients and patients subjected to neurosurgery at a university hospital during three separate periods were included. Each blood sample was tested in eight parallel channels, yielding the CVs for the tested variables. In 25 patients, the blood samples were analysed both at baseline and after dilution with albumin 5%, as well as after being spiked with fibrinogen, simulating weak and strong coagulation.ResultsIn total, 225 unique blood samples were collected from 91 patients. All samples were analysed in eight parallel ROTEM channels, resulting in 1,800 measurements. In hypocoagulable samples, defined as those with values outside the normal reference range, the CV of CT was higher (median (interquartile range)) (6.3% (5.1–9.5)) than for normocoagulable samples (5.1% (3.6–7.5)),p < 0.001. CFT showed no difference (p = 0.14), while the CV of alpha-angle was higher in hypocoagulable samples (3.6% (2.5–4.6)) than in normocoagulable samples (1.1% (0.8–1.6),p < 0.001. The CV of MCF was higher in hypocoagulable samples (1.8% (1.3–2.6)) than in normocoagulable samples (1.2% (0.9–1.7)),p < 0.001. The CV ranges for the different variables were as follows: CT: 1.2%–37%, CFT: 1.7%–30%, alpha-angle: 0.0%–17% and MCF: 0.0%–8.1%.ConclusionsCVs for the EXTEM ROTEM parameters CT, alpha-angle, and MCF increased in hypocoagulable blood compared to blood with normal coagulation, confirming the hypothesis for CT, alpha-angle, and MCF but not for CFT. Furthermore, the CVs for CT and CFT were much higher than those for alpha-angle and MCF. The results demonstrate that EXTEM ROTEM results from patients with weak coagulation should be interpreted with the notion of limited precision and that procoagulative treatment, based only on ROTEM EXTEM, should be given with some caution.
SNHG15 enhances cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma by affecting the DNA repair capacity of cancer cells
Authors: Li Yong , Huang Hui-Qin , Huang Zheng-Hui , Yu Nan-Ding , Ye Xiang-Li , Jiang Mei-Chen , Chen Li-Min 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a prevalent malignancy. SNHG15 has been demonstrated to be oncogenic in many kinds of cancers, however the mechanism of SNHG15 in LUAD cisplatin (DDP) resistance remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated the effect of SNHG15 on DDP resistance in LUAD and its related mechanism.

Methods
Bioinformatics analysis was adopted to assess SNHG15 expression in LUAD tissues and predict the downstream genes of SNHG15. The binding relationship between SNHG15 and downstream regulatory genes was proved through RNA immunoprecipitation, chromatin immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Cell counting kit-8 assay was adopted to evaluate LUAD cell viability, and gene expression was determined by Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. We then performed comet assay to assess DNA damage. Cell apoptosis was detected by Tunnel assay. Xenograft animal models were created to test the function of SNHG15 in vivo.

Results
SNHG15 was up-regulated in LUAD cells. Moreover, SNHG15 was also highly expressed in drug-resistant LUAD cells. Down-regulated SNHG15 strengthened the sensitivity of LUAD cells to DDP and induced DNA damage. SNHG15 could elevate ECE2 expression through binding with E2F1, and it could induce DDP resistance by modulating the E2F1/ECE2 axis. In vivo experiments verified that the SNHG15 could enhance DDP resistance in LUAD tissue.

Conclusion
The results suggested that SNHG15 could up-regulate ECE2 expression by recruiting E2F1, thereby enhancing the DDP resistance of LUAD.
Sex differences in the anatomy of the anterior–superior acetabular rim in relation to pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement in Koreans: a three-dimensional quantitative analysis
Authors: Cho Byung Woo , Kwon Hyuck Min , Park Jun Young , Park Kwan Kyu , Kim Taehyun , Lee Woo-Suk 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to compare the anatomical structures of the acetabular rim around the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS) ridge that indicate anterior focal coverage of acetabulum between the sexes using a three-dimensional (3D) model.

Methods
3D models of 71 adults (38 men and 33 women) with normal hip joints were used. Based on the location of the inflection point (IP) of the acetabular rim around the AIIS ridge, the patients were classified into anterior and posterior types, and the ratios thereof for each sex were compared. Coordinates for the IP, the most anterior point (MAP), and the most lateral point (MLP) were obtained and compared between the sexes and between anterior and posterior types.

Results
Coordinates for IPs in men were located anterior and inferior to those in women. MAP coordinates for men were located inferior to those for women, and MLP coordinates for men were located lateral and inferior to those for women. Comparing AIIS ridge types, we noted that coordinates for IPs of the anterior type were located medial, anterior, and inferior to those of the posterior type. Meanwhile, MAP coordinates of the anterior type were located inferior to those of the posterior type, and MLP coordinates of the anterior type were located lateral and inferior to those of the posterior type.

Conclusion
Anterior focal coverage of the acetabulum appears to differ between the sexes, and this difference may affect the development of pincer-type femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Additionally, we found that anterior focal coverage differs according to anterior or posterior positioning of the bony prominence around the AIIS ridge, which may affect development of FAI.
Spondylolisthesis and mismatch deformity affect outcomes after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Sheppard William L. , Chiou Daniel , Upfill-Brown Alexander , Shah Akash , Edogun Eghosa , Sassoon Adam , Park Don Y. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Little published data currently exist regarding the potential relationships between spondylolisthesis, mismatch deformity, and clinical outcomes following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We hypothesize that preexisting spondylolisthesis will result in decreased functional outcomes after TKA.

Methods
This retrospective cohort comparison of 933 TKAs was performed between January 2017 and 2020. TKAs were excluded if they were not performed for primary osteoarthritis (OA) or if preoperative lumbar radiographs were unavailable/inadequate to measure the degree of spondylolisthesis. Ninety-five TKAs were subsequently available for inclusion and divided into two groups: those with spondylolisthesis and those without. Within the spondylolisthesis cohort, pelvic incidence (PI) and lumbar lordosis (LL) were calculated on lateral radiographs to determine the difference (PI–LL). Radiographs with PI–LL > 10° were then categorized as having mismatch deformity (MD). The following clinical outcomes were compared between the groups: need for manipulation under anesthesia (MUA), total postoperative arc of motion (AOM) both pre-MUA or post-MUA/revision, incidence of flexion contracture, and a need for later revision.

Results
Forty-nine TKAs met the spondylolisthesis criteria, while 44 did not have spondylolisthesis. There were no significant differences in gender, body mass index, preoperative knee range of motion (ROM), preoperative AOM, or opiate use between the groups. TKAs with spondylolisthesis and concomitant MD were more likely to have MUA (p = 0.016), ROM < 0–120 (p < 0.014), and a decreased AOM (p < 0.02) without interventions.

Conclusion
Preexisting spondylolisthesis by itself may not have adverse effect clinical results following TKA. However, spondylolisthesis increases the likelihood of developing MD. In those with both spondylolisthesis and concomitant mismatch deformities, patients had statistically and clinically significantly decreased in postoperative ROM/AOM and increased need for MUA. Surgeons should consider clinical/radiographic assessments of patients with chronic back pain who present for total joint arthroplasty.

Level of evidence
Level 3.