bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between cardiometabolic index and albuminuria: Evidence from NHANES 2017–2020
Authors: Xu Qiming , Lin Junyan , Liao Lin , Hu Jing , Lu Jianrao 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Albuminuria is a crucial marker of kidney damage and serves as an early indicator of the risk for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent studies have suggested that the cardiometabolic index (CMI), could be valuable for screening renal insufficiency. However, the relationship between CMI and albuminuria remains underexplored. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between CMI and albuminuria, with the goal of providing new insights for the clinical diagnosis, assessment, and early intervention of kidney disease.

Methods
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the period between 2017–2020 provided the data for this cross-sectional investigation. Triglyceride (TG) (mmol/L)/High density lipid-cholesterol (HDL-C) (mmol/L) ×  Waist height ratio (WHtR) was the formula used for calculating CMI. Using multifactorial logistic regression, the independent connection between albuminuria and CMI was investigated. The threshold effect was determined by means of a two-stage linear regression model. Additionally, subgroup analysis and interaction tests were carried out.

Results
A total of 3,339 participants were included, and 12.38% of them had albuminuria. As the CMI quartiles grew (quartile 1: 7.78%, quartile 2: 13.43%, quartile 3: 12.93%, quartile 4: 17.01%), so did the probability of albuminuria. The results of adjusted model 3 showed that a greater probability of albuminuria prevalence was strongly correlated with CMI (OR =  2.26, 95% CI: 1.58–3.23). This association held true for all subgroups (all P for trend >  0.05). Furthermore, with a two-stage linear regression model with an inflection point of 0.92, we discovered a nonlinear relationship between CMI and albuminuria.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that CMI levels are significantly associated with the risk of albuminuria prevalence, suggesting that CMI could serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing the risk of albuminuria.
Optimizing success rate with Nonlinear Mapping Control in a high-performance raspberry Pi-based light source target tracking system
Authors: Zhou Guiyu , Zhang Bo , Li Qinghao , Zhao Qin , Zhang Shengyao 
Published: February 2025

This study addresses the limitations of linear mapping in two-dimensional gimbal control for moving target tracking, which results in significant control errors and slow response times. To overcome these issues, we propose a nonlinear mapping control method that enhances the success rate of light source target tracking systems. Using Raspberry Pi 4B and OpenCV, the control system performs real-time recognition of rectangular frames and laser spot images. The tracking system, which includes an OpenMV H7 Plus camera, captures and processes the laser spot path. Both systems are connected to an STM32F407ZGT6 microcontroller to drive a 42-step stepper motor with precise control. By adjusting the parameter c of the nonlinear mapping curve, we optimize the system's performance, balancing the response speed and stability. Our results show a significant improvement in control accuracy, with a miss rate of 3.3%, an average error rate of 0.188% at 1.25 m, and a 100% success rate in target tracking. The proposed nonlinear mapping control method offers substantial advancements in real-time tracking and control systems, demonstrating its potential for broader application in intelligent control fields.
Galur Isogenik Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Hasil Penyinaran Ultraviolet dan Potensinya Sebagai Penginduksi Resistensi Padi terhadap Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri
Authors: Yuliani Fitria , Giyanto Giyanto , Mutaqin Kikin Hamzah 
Published: February 2025

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae is an important rice disease and may cause 50% plant damage. One approach to manage this disease is using isogenic non-pathogenic strain that can induce plant resistance. This study was conducted to obtain isogenic strains of X. oryzae pv. oryzae through ultraviolet irradiation and evaluate ability of the isolates in inducing plant resistance. Bacteria X. oryzae pv. oryzae were exposed to UV for 3, 5, 10 and 15 min. A total of 99 colonies obtained were selected through pathogenicity tests, followed by confirmation using XOR-F and XOR-R2 primers. As much as 16 isogenic strain isolates were obtained with the ability to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) ranges between 1.4–9.8 mg mL-1 compared to wild-type 6.0 mg mL-1. Five isogenic strains isolates (M313, M57, M101, M1513 and M1515) caused virulence reduction of 92.8–98.6%. Application of those five isogenic isolates prolonged incubation period of X. oryzae pv. Oryzae, i.e. 6.6–5.4 days compared to the wild-type i.e. 4.8 days after inoculation. Suppression of disease progression was also observed with AUDPC value 615.0-827.5, which was lower than those caused by wild-type and control, i.e. 863.3 and 682.5, respectively. Application of isogenic strain isolates did not affect plant growth but it increased plant productivity. Isogenic strain M101 was the best isolate with an incubation period of 5.7 days after inoculation, having the lowest AUDPC value (615.0), and yielded dry weight of 100 grains higher (2.8 g) than those of the wild-type (2.0 g).
Effect of sex ratio on the life history traits of an important invasive species, Spodoptera frugiperda
Authors: Wu Su-Ran , Wang Hui , Zhao Chun-Jie , Xiong Yan , Ren Jun-Hua 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a dangerous migratory pest. Evaluating the effect of sex ratio on the FAW offspring population is particularly important for field control. In this study, five different sex ratio treatments (female/male = 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) were conducted to investigate the effects of sex ratio on the life history traits of FAW. The results showed that sex ratio significantly affected lifetime fecundity, developmental duration of the preadult stage, hatch rate, and emergence rate but had no effect on longevity of parental and offspring adults, larval duration, pupation rate, or number of eggs/moth of offspring. The lifetime fecundity and hatch rate of parental adults and the number of adult offspring/moth were the lowest when the sex ratio was 3:1, while the lifetime fecundity and number of adult offspring/moth were the highest and pupation duration was the shortest when the sex ratio was 1:1. The number of eggs/moth of parental adults and total adults in the F1 generation were higher in male-biased groups than in female-biased groups, and male annihilation appears to be a more effective control strategy. These findings have implications for improving laboratory rearing, population forecasting, and control of FAW in the field.
Efficacy of alginate-coated gold nanoparticles against antibiotics-resistant Staphylococcus and Streptococcus pathogens of acne origins
Authors: Abbas Hanan A. , Taha Ali A. , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Al Ali Amer , Al Shmrany Humood , Stamatis Haralambos , Mohammed Hamdoon A. , Khan Riaz A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Acne is a serious multifactorial inflammatory disease that leads to significant and long-lasting changes. The widespread occurrence of bacterial acne and the excessive use of antibiotics to treat it have increased resistance to antibiotic treatment and led researchers to seek and develop newer antimicrobial agents suitable for various medical purposes. In this study, alginate-coated gold nanoparticles (GANPs), synthesized by the previously reported known method, using sodium alginate and gold salt, investigated the efficacy of the GANPs against various clinical isolates of Staphylococcus, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus lentus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus, and Streptococcus
thoraltensis, which were all obtained from patients suffering from acne conditions. The results showed that the GANPs had antibacterial efficacy against all the acne-isolated bacteria. The GANP activity against bacterial resistance suggested that metal-based nanoparticulate materials are a promising alternative for treating multidrug-resistant microorganisms.
Battling COVID-19 leveraging nanobiotechnology: Gold and silver nanoparticle–B-escin conjugates as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors
Authors: Zatla Ilyes , Boublenza Lamia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented global health crisis, has thrust humanity into a relentless battle with a variety of treatments and vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Recent developments in nanotechnology have garnered significant interest in the application of metallic nanoparticles (NPs); specifically, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have demonstrated antimicrobial and antiviral properties. This study investigates the molecular interactions between the receptor binding domains of five SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants (Alpha, Beta, Delta, Omicron, and Gamma) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, followed by the docking of AuNPs and AgNPs and the natural compound Beta-escin onto these complexes. As well as the inspection of both NPs against the virus main protease (Mpro) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Comprehensive computational simulations utilizing Autodock 4.2 and HDOCK server were employed to evaluate the binding affinities of these NPs toward key viral targets, SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, RdRp, and the spike glycoprotein. The results revealed that both AgNPs and AuNPs exhibited successful binding to the active pockets of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, with slightly varying binding energies. In contrast, for RdRp, AgNPs demonstrated superior binding affinity compared to AuNPs, with differences in the residues involved in the binding pocket. AuNPs exhibited stronger binding affinities in the spike protein pocket. We also determined robust binding affinities between ACE2 and the spike variants, with the Omicron variant exhibiting the highest affinity. Subsequent docking of AuNPs and AgNPs revealed strong interactions with all ACE2–spike complexes, with AuNPs showing slightly higher affinities. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the interactions between NPs and viral proteins, shedding light on their mechanisms of action and their potential to offer innovative solutions for combating infectious diseases, particularly those caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammation-induced apoptosis
Authors: Huang Shi , Lu Yaxin , Fang Wanzhen , Huang Yanjiao , Li Qiang , Xu Zhiliang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Neuroinflammation represents a critical pathway in the brain for the clearance of foreign bodies and the maintenance of homeostasis. When the neuroinflammatory process is dysregulate, such as the over-activation of microglia, which results in the excessive accumulation of free oxygen and inflammatory factors in the brain, among other factors, it can lead to an imbalance in homeostasis and the development of various diseases. Recent research has indicated that the development of numerous neurodegenerative diseases is closely associated with neuroinflammation. The pathogenesis of neuroinflammation in the brain is intricate, involving alterations in numerous genes and proteins, as well as the activation and inhibition of signaling pathways. Furthermore, excessive inflammation can result in neuronal cell apoptosis, which can further exacerbate the extent of the disease. This article presents a summary of recent studies on the relationship between neuronal apoptosis caused by excessive neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. The aim is to identify the link between the two and to provide new ideas and targets for exploring the pathogenesis, as well as the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Boundary contact problems with regard to friction of couple-stress viscoelasticity for inhomogeneous anisotropic bodies (non-coercive, quasi-static cases)
Authors: Gachechiladze Roland , Gachechiladze Avtandil 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, quasi-statical boundary contact problems of couple-stress viscoelasticity for inhomogeneous anisotropic bodies with regard to friction are investigated. Non-coercive cases considered, when a friction force acts on the entire boundary of a viscoelastic body. The posed boundary-contact problem equivalently reduced to a spatial variational inequality. After factorization of the main spaces with respect to the vector space of the function of generalized rigid displacements, the necessary condition for the existence of solutions is obtained. This condition, under some additional assumptions, becomes a sufficient condition for the existence of solutions.
Constructing infinite families of number fields with given indices from quintinomials
Authors: Fadil Lhoussain El , Kchit Omar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, for any rational prime p and for a fixed positive integer νp
, we provide infinite families of number fields defined by quintinomials satisfying νp
(i(K)) = νp
. We illustrate our results by some computational examples.
Explicit formulae for the Drazin inverse of the sum of two matrices
Authors: Zhang Daochang , Zhao Yue , Mosić Dijana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this article, we construct a new explicit formula for the Drazin inverse of a sum of two matrices P, Q ∈ ℂ
n×n
under conditions weaker than those used in some recent papers, and modify an invalid formula in [Dopazo et al.: Block representations for the Drazin inverse of anti-triangular matrices, Filomat 30 (2016), 3897–3906]. Furthermore, we apply our results to obtain some new representations for the Drazin inverse of a 2 × 2 block matrix. Some numerical examples are given to illustrate our results.
Orbital Hausdorff dependence and stability of the solution to differential equations with variable structure and non-instantaneous impulses
Authors: Yang Dan , Wang JinRong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the orbital Hausdorff continuous dependence and stability of the solution to differential equations with variable structure and non-instantaneous impulses. The concepts of orbital Hausdorff continuous dependence and stability are used to characterize the relations of solution corresponding to the impulsive moments and the difference between the impulsive moments and the junction points in the sense of the Hausdorff distance. Then, we establish sufficient conditions to guarantee the orbital Hausdorff continuous dependence and stability on their respective trajectories. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate our theoretical results.
Muscarinic receptor activation preferentially inhibits rebound in vulnerable dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Beaver Megan L. , Evans Rebekah C. 
Published: February 2025

Dopaminergic subpopulations of the substantia nigrapars compacta(SNc) differentially degenerate in Parkinson’s disease and are characterized by unique electrophysiological properties. The vulnerable population expresses a T-type calcium channel-mediated afterdepolarization (ADP) and shows rebound activity upon release from inhibition, whereas the resilient population does not have an ADP and is slower to fire after hyperpolarization. This rebound activity can trigger dopamine release in the striatum, an important component of basal ganglia function. Using whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology on ex vivo slices from adult mice of both sexes, we find that muscarinic activation with the non-selective muscarinic agonist Oxotremorine inhibits rebound activity more strongly in vulnerable vs resilient SNc neurons. Here, we show that this effect depends on the direct activation of muscarinic receptors on the SNc dopaminergic neurons. Through a series of pharmacological and transgenic knock-out experiments, we tested whether the muscarinic inhibition of rebound was mediated through the canonical rebound-related ion channels: T-type calcium channels, hyperpolarization-activated cation channels (HCN), and A-type potassium channels. We find that muscarinic receptor activation inhibits HCN-mediated current (Ih) in vulnerable SNc neurons, but that Ihactivity is not necessary for the muscarinic inhibition of rebound activity. Similarly, we find that Oxotremorine inhibits rebound activity independently of T-type calcium channels and A-type potassium channels. Together these findings reveal new principles governing acetylcholine and dopamine interactions, showing that muscarinic receptors directly affect SNc rebound activity in the midbrain at the somatodendritic level and differentially modify information processing in distinct SNc subpopulations.Significance StatementDopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigrapars compacta(SNc) can be divided into functional subpopulations with distinct basal ganglia connectivity and different degeneration patterns in Parkinson’s disease. We show that the vulnerable and resilient subpopulations of SNc dopaminergic neurons are differentially modulated by muscarinic receptor activation. Specifically, muscarinic receptor activation inhibits rebound activity more strongly in the vulnerable SNc neurons than in the resilient. We find that this inhibition occurs through a non-canonical rebound-related pathway and is not mediated through the channels best known for modulating rebound in midbrain dopaminergic neurons. These findings are important because they reveal novel acetylcholine-dopamine interactions that occur in the midbrain and affect information processing in distinct basal ganglia circuits.
Heterogeneity of NeuN Protein Distribution as a Marker of Morphological Personalization of Cerebral Cortex Neurons: an Experimental Study
Authors: Golubev Arkady M. , Lyubomudrov Maxim A. , Babkina Anastasia S. , Tsokolaeva Zoya I. 
Published: February 2025

Aim. To identify personalized morphological neuronal phenotypes based on the distribution pattern of the neuronal protein NeuN in the cerebral cortex layers.Materials and Methods. A histologic study of the cerebral cortex was performed in rats (N=10). Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and the neuronal nuclear protein NeuN was visualized by immunohistochemical staining. Analysis was performed by microscopy and image analysis software.Results. NeuN immunohistochemical staining revealed distinct localization and intensity patterns within cortical neurons. Contrary to the definition of NeuN as a nuclear neuronal protein, its localization was observed in both the nucleus and cytoplasm in most neurons. The following neuronal phenotypes were identified based on NeuN staining patterns: 1) Neurons with stained nuclei but unstained cytoplasm; 2) Neurons with stained cytoplasm but unstained nuclei; 3) Neurons with stained nuclei and cytoplasm; 4) Fully stained neurons with no visible nuclei; 5) Neurons with stained processes (dendrites/axons). A significant difference was found between mean intensity of NeuN-positive neurons depending on the localization in the layers of the cerebral cortex.Conclusion. Given the critical biological role of NeuN, the identified neuronal phenotypes based on NeuN localization warrant further research as they may reflect the functional states of neurons. The interpretation of the absence of NeuN staining as a marker of neuronal damage is not scientifically justified. Future studies using NeuN immunohistochemical staining should consider not only the total number of NeuN-positive neurons, but also their distinct phenotypes.
LiFTS: Equitably Implementing a Social Needs Screening Program
Authors: Bouchelle Zoe , Luke Michael , Menko Stephanie G. , Kolodgie Nina , Capriola Danielle , Bowers Megan , Scribano Philip V. , Vasan Aditi 
Published: February 2025

INTRODUCTION
Poverty and associated health-related social needs can negatively impact child health. As pediatric health systems implement social needs screening programs, they should aim to measure and promote equal rates of screening across demographic groups and to support families in connecting to resources.

METHODS
We describe implementation of the Linking Families to Support (LiFTS) quality improvement initiative, an inpatient social needs screening and support program. Our objectives were to (1) implement screening across inpatient units, (2) promote equal screening rates across demographic groups, and (3) optimize rates of resource connection. LiFTS was implemented at a quaternary care children’s hospital. Families of children admitted to participating units during the study period (September 2022-February 2024) were eligible for screening.

RESULTS
Over the 18-month project period, we implemented screening in 9 inpatient units. Of 2582 eligible caregivers, 1741 (67.4%) were offered screening. Of these caregivers, 667 (38.3%) declined screening and 1074 (61.6%) completed screening. A total of 496 families (46.2%) reported 1 or more social needs. In analyses stratified by child race, ethnicity, insurance status, and preferred language, we observed equal rates of screening. Among 233 families reached in follow-up, 183 (78.5%) recalled receiving resources and 133 (57.1%) reported connecting to 1 or more resources.

DISCUSSION
Our interdisciplinary team successfully implemented social needs screening across 9 inpatient units, achieved equal rates of screening, and measured caregiver-reported rates of resource connection. Our approach could guide other health systems as they implement social needs screening programs that meet regulatory requirements, prioritize equality in screening, and support resource connection.
First record of the genus Discartemon Pfeiffer, 1856 (Eupulmonata: Streptaxidae) from Laos, with description of a new species
Authors: Sutcharit Chirasak , Somvongsa Chanvilay , Malavong Banchai , Janjai Teerangkul , Jeratthitikul Ekgachai , Jirapatrasilp Parin , Likhitrakarn Natdanai , Srisonchai Ruttapon , Inkhavilay Khamla 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe streptaxid snail genus Discartemon has a narrow distribution range in the Malay Peninsula and Greater Sunda Island. This study reveals the first record of the genus Discartemon from Laos, with the discovery of Discartemon feuangensis Sutcharit & Inkhavilay, sp. nov., which is described based on specimens collected from the limestone karsts in Feuang District, Vientiane Province. This new species differs clearly from all congeners, with the diagnostic features of a flattened shell with slightly sunken spire and without any apertural barriers. This finding also expands the distribution range of the genus to the northern part of Indochina.