bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Properties of Carboxymethyl Cellulose / β-Cyclodextrin Hydrogel
Authors: Panyakaew N , Thongpin C , Hemsri S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) based hydrogels provide superabsorbent properties but show low mechanical properties. In order to overcome this problem, β-cyclodextrin (CD) is added to improve the mechanical strength of hydrogels. Moreover, CD-containing hydrogels have the potential to encapsulate antimicrobial essential oils or drugs and give a sustained release for medical applications to treat a variety of bacterial infectious diseases causing destruction to human health. In this work, the CMC/CD hydrogels were prepared by using epichlorohydrin as a chemical crosslinking agent. The objective of this research was to study the effect of the CMC/CD weight ratio at 6:1, 7:1, and 8:1 on morphology, mechanical properties and swelling ratio in water of the CMC/CD hydrogels compared with CMC hydrogel. The weight ratio of epichlorohydrin and CMC/CD was constant at 6:1. The morphology analysis of the CMC/CD hydrogels showed an irregular porous structure with the presence of -like structure. The addition of CD content led to an increase in compressive strength whereas the swelling ratio of the hydrogel decreased. The CMC/CD hydrogel at weight ratio of 7:1 provided the highest compressive strength and also retained swelling ability.
Microwave-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using extract of mint leaves
Authors: Thanasakonpong A , Ksapabutr B , Panapoy M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are widely used in areas such as biosensing, hydrogen production, electronics, photovoltaics, antimicrobials, and biomedical engineering applications. Biological synthesis is regarded as a safe and non-toxic process, but its main disadvantage is the slow processing time. The mint leaf extract can act as both a reducing and stabilizing agent for the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles. In this work, a rapid and green method for the microwave-assisted biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles was investigated using an aqueous leaf extract of mint as a biosource of cost-effective, non-hazardous reducing and stabilizing agents. The optimum conditions for microwave extraction of mint leaves were 220 s at 800 W and a 5 g/L mint-to-water ratio. Meanwhile, the optimal conditions for the biological synthesis of silver nanoparticles were as follows: concentration of silver nitrate solution = 2 mM, microwave reaction time = 100 s at 800 W, and pH = 8. The silver nanoparticles obtained by the microwave heating process showed a surface plasmon band centered at 420 nm with a higher peak height than those prepared by the conventional heating process. Dynamic light scattering analysis has shown the synthesized silver nanoparticles to have an average diameter of 54 nm.
Effects of fiber surface modification on mechanical properties of short pineapple leaf fiber-carbon black reinforced natural rubber hybrid composites
Authors: Thaiwattananon S , Thanawan S , Amornsakchai T 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
At present, the world is focusing on the circular economy by turning waste into production resources again, reducing waste generation, and making it circulate in the system. This research focuses on using agricultural waste, which is pineapple leaves abundant in Thailand, to be processed into pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) and used to reinforce natural rubber. PALF has relatively high strength when compared to other natural fibers. On the other hand, the challenge of using PALF to reinforce natural rubber is the difference in the polarity of the fibers and rubber matrix. Thus, surface modification of PALF was studied to enhance the adhesion between the fiber surface and the matrix. Four systems were compared, i.e., untreated PALF, alkaline-treated, silane69-treated, and aminosilane-treated PALF. A unidirectional fiber-reinforced natural rubber composites were prepared with fixed fiber and carbon black contents of 10 and 30 phr, respectively. Mechanical properties of the composites were determined by tensile test and morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that silane69-treated and aminosilane-treated PALF could reinforce the rubber matrix over the entire strain. However, silane69-treated and aminosilane-treated PALF had lesser reinforcement effect than alkaline-treated PALF at low strains. Despite a clear change in mechanical behavior, SEM could not tell the difference or changes that occur at the interface. Fiber surface modifications with silane69 and aminosilane have the potential to be further developed to improve properties of natural rubber composites and will, hopefully, increase the value of rubber products for Thailand industry.
Superconductivity in type II layered Weyl semi-metals
Authors: Rosenstein B , Ya Shapiro B 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Novel ‘quasi 2D’ typically layered (semi)metals offer a unique opportunity to control the density and even the topology of electronic matter. In intercalated MoTe
2 type II Weyl semi-metal the tilt of the dispersion relation cones is so large that topologically the Fermi surface is distinct from a more conventional type I. Superconductivity observed recently in this compound (Zhang et al 2022 2D Mater.
9 045027) demonstrated two puzzling phenomena. The gate voltage has no impact on critical temperature,

T

c

,

in a wide range of density, while it is very sensitive to the inter-layer distance. A phonon theory of pairing in a layered Weyl material including the effects of Coulomb repulsion is constructed, which explains the above two features in MoTe
2. The first feature turns out to be a general one for any type II topological material, while the second reflects properties of the intercalated materials affecting the Coulomb screening.
Confined-state physics and signs of fermionization of moiré excitons in WSe2/MoSe2 heterobilayers
Authors: Lohof F , Michl J , Steinhoff A , Han B , von Helversen M , Tongay S , Watanabe K , Taniguchi T , Höfling S , Reitzenstein S , Anton-Solanas C , Gies C , Schneider C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We revisit and extend the standard bosonic interpretation of interlayer excitons (ILX) in the moiré potential of twisted heterostructures of transition-metal dichalcogenides. In our experiments, we probe a high quality MoSe2/WSe2 van der Waals bilayer heterostructure via density-dependent photoluminescence spectroscopy and reveal strongly developed, unconventional spectral shifts of the emergent moiré exciton resonances. The observation of saturating blueshifts of successive exciton resonances allow us to explain their physics in terms of a model utilizing fermionic saturable absorbers. This approach is strongly inspired by established quantum-dot models, which underlines the close analogy of ILX trapped in pockets of the moiré potential, and quantum emitters with discrete eigenstates.
Ultrafast-programmable two-dimensional p–n homojunction for high-performance photovoltaics and optoelectronics
Authors: Wang Hao , Wu Kang , Guo Hui , Gao Hui , Liu Li , Wu Liangmei , Chen Jiancui , Yang Haitao , Bao Lihong , Gao Hong-Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials are considered to be promising candidates for constructing revolutionary electronic devices. However, difficulties in controlling the polarity, concentration, and spatial distribution of charge carriers in 2D materials make the construction of 2D p–n junctions rather challenging. Here, we report the successful construction of ultrafast-programmable 2D p–n homojunctions with a semi-floating-gate configuration based on a vertically stacked molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)/hexagonal boron nitride/multilayer graphene van der Waals heterostructure. By partially electrostatically doping the MoS2 channel under different control-gate voltage pulses, three types of 2D homojunctions, including p–n, n+–n, and n–n, can be constructed. The 2D p–n homojunction can be programmed at an ultrafast speed of within 160 ns and exhibits a large rectification ratio of ∼104. Based on a modified Shockley equation, an ideality factor of ∼2.05 is extracted, indicating that the recombination process dominated the transport mechanism. The MoS2 2D p–n homojunction shows a maximum electrical power conversion efficiency of up to 2.66% under a weak light power of 0.61 nW and a high photovoltage responsivity of 5.72 × 109 V W−1. These results indicate that the ultrafast-programmable 2D p–n homojunction has great potential for use in high-performance photovoltaics and optoelectronics.
Suppression of hot electron effect in AlGaN/GaN HEMT with multi-grooves barrier-etched structure
Authors: Li Xuanlin , Xu Jie , Liu Weijing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A multi-grooves barrier-etched structure between barrier layer and passivation layer is proposed in this paper to suppress the hot electron effect at the gate edge on the drain side in the p-GaN gate AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor. In the TCAD simulations, the groove structure induces extra electric field concentration region and AlGaN/SiN interface area, which can lower the high electric field peak and electron temperature in the channel at the gate edge, leading to the alleviated capture and release of hot electrons. The static I–V characteristic and dynamic switching performance and breakdown characteristic show that the multi-grooves barrier-etched structure improves the current collapse and switching time and breakdown voltage. Our work exhibits the great potential of multi-grooves barrier-etched structure on the stability and reliability of the AlGaN/GaN HEMT.
Effect of isothermal annealing temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu45Zr45Ag7Al3 amorphous alloy
Authors: Zhang Like , Liu Limei , Zhang Rong , Chen Ding , Ma Guozhi , Ye Chuangen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Bulk amorphous alloys, as a material with broad application prospects, are highly expected in many cutting-edge applications. However, its plastic deformation relies on highly localized shear bands, resulting in brittle fracture characteristics of materials with low plastic strain as a whole. Therefore, strengthening and toughening of amorphous alloys is one of the key topics in the research of amorphous applications. In this paper, the effects of different isothermal annealing temperature on the microstructure and uniaxial compression properties of Cu45Zr45Ag7Al3 amorphous alloy were studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that Cu10Zr7, AlCu2Zr, Cu8Zr3 and Al2Zr phases precipitated successively from the amorphous alloy matrix with the increase of annealing temperature, and the fracture strength and plastic strain increased first and then decreased; At an isothermal annealing temperature of 741 K, the precipitated nanocrystalline Cu10Zr7 phase can improve the fracture strength of the alloy; when the annealing temperature rises to 746 K, the strength of the alloy decreases slightly, but the plasticity increases; with the continuous increase of annealing temperature, the plasticity of the alloy decreases and the strength continues to increase; As the annealing temperature continues to increase, the fracture strength of the alloy decreases, exhibiting significant brittle fracture characteristics.
A simple approach to determine loss of physiological complexity in heart rate series
Authors: Ozel Hasan Fehmi , Kazdagli Hasan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
There are several ways to assess complexity, but no method has yet been developed for quantitatively calculating the ‘loss of fractal complexity’ under pathological or physiological states. In this paper, we aimed to quantitatively evaluate fractal complexity loss using a novel approach and new variables developed from Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) log-log graphics. Three study groups were established to evaluate the new approach: one for normal sinus rhythm (NSR), one for congestive heart failure (CHF), and white noise signal (WNS). ECG recordings of the NSR and CHF groups were obtained from PhysioNET Database and were used for analysis. For all groups Detrended Fluctuation Analysis scaling exponents (DFAα
1, DFAα
2) were determined. Scaling exponents were used to recreate the DFA log-log graph and lines. Then, the relative total logarithmic fluctuations for each sample were identified and new parameters were computed. To do this, we used a standard log-log plane to standardize the DFA log-log curves and calculated the differences between the standardized and expected areas. We quantified the total difference in standardized areas using parameters called dS1, dS2, and TdS. Our results showed that; compared to the NSR group, DFAα
1 was lower in both CHF and WNS groups. However, DFAα
2 was only reduced in the WNSgroup and not in the CHFgroup. Newly derived parameters: dS1, dS2, and TdS were significantly lowerin the NSR group compared to the CHF and WNS groups. The new parameters derived from the DFA log-log graphs are highly distinguishing for congestive heart failure and white noise signal. In addition, it may be concluded that a potential feature of our approach can be beneficial in classifying the severity of cardiac abnormalities.
A computer-aided tool for automatic volume estimation of hematoma using non-contrast brain CT scans
Authors: Nag Manas K , Koley Subhranil , Sadhu Anup K , Dutta Pranab K , Holsouser Barbara , Ashwal Stephen , Ghosh Nirmalya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The computation of hematoma volume is the key parameter for treatment planning of Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) imaging is routinely used for the diagnosis of ICH. Hence, the development of computer-aided tools for three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) image analysis is essential to estimate the gross volume of hematoma. We propose a methodology for automatic estimation of the hematoma volume from 3D CT volumes. Our approach integrates two different methods, multiple abstract splitting (MAS) and seeded region growing (SRG) to develop a unified hematoma detection pipeline from pre-processed CT volumes. The proposed methodology was tested on 80 cases. The volume was estimated from the delineated hematoma region, validated against the ground-truth volumes, and compared with those obtained from the conventional ABC/2 approach. We also compared our results with the U-Net model (supervised technique) to show the applicability of the proposed method. The volume calculated from manually segmented hematoma was considered the ground truth. The R
2 correlation coefficient between the volume obtained from the proposed algorithm and the ground truth is 0.86, which is equivalent to the R
2 value resulting from the comparison between the volume calculated by ABC/2 and the ground truth. The experimental results of the proposed unsupervised approach are comparable to the deep neural architecture (U-Net models). The average computation time was 132.76 ± 14 seconds. The proposed methodology provides a fast and automatic estimation of hematoma volume, which is similar to the baseline user-guided ABC/2 approach. Implementation of our method does not demand a high-end computational setup. Thus, recommended in clinical practice for computer-assistive volume estimation of hematoma from 3D CT volumes and can be implemented in a simple computer system.
Deep learning-based protoacoustic signal denoising for proton range verification
Authors: Wang Jing , Sohn James J , Lei Yang , Nie Wei , Zhou Jun , Avery Stephen , Liu Tian , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Proton therapy is a type of radiation therapy that can provide better dose distribution compared to photon therapy by delivering most of the energy at the end of range, which is called the Bragg peak (BP). The protoacoustic technique was developed to determine the BP locations in vivo, but it requires a large dose delivery to the tissue to obtain a high number of signal averaging (NSA) to achieve a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), which is not suitable for clinical use. A novel deep learning-based technique has been proposed to denoise acoustic signals and reduce BP range uncertainty with much lower doses. Three accelerometers were placed on the distal surface of a cylindrical polyethylene (PE) phantom to collect protoacoustic signals. In total, 512 raw signals were collected at each device. Device-specific stack autoencoder (SAE) denoising models were trained to denoise the noise-containing input signals, which were generated by averaging only 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 24 raw signals (low NSA signals), while the clean signals were obtained by averaging 192 raw signals (high NSA). Both supervised and unsupervised training strategies were employed, and the evaluation of the models was based on mean squared error (MSE), SNR, and BP range uncertainty. Overall, the supervised SAEs outperformed the unsupervised SAEs in BP range verification. For the high accuracy detector, it achieved a BP range uncertainty of 0.20 ± 3.44 mm by averaging over 8 raw signals, while for the other two low accuracy detectors, they achieved the BP uncertainty of 1.44 ± 6.45 mm and −0.23 ± 4.88 mm by averaging 16 raw signals, respectively. This deep learning-based denoising method has shown promising results in enhancing the SNR of protoacoustic measurements and improving the accuracy in BP range verification. It greatly reduces the dose and time for potential clinical applications.
An intelligence expert system for quality health monitoring of power transformers using testing attributes
Authors: Manoj Teruvai , Ranga Chilaka 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Power transformers are very vital components in electrical power network. Deterioration of transformer’s insulation has significant impacts on its health condition. Hence, detailed analysis of insulation testing attributes is very important in diagnosing the transformer. It is possible with an effective decision-making system. In the present paper, a new grey relational-based fuzzy logic expert system is proposed for continuous health monitoring of power transformers. In this approach, ranking-based qualitative relational analysis is initially carried out in order to reduce large number of input attributes into three input health grades. These input grades are further integrated with a technically designed expert fuzzy rule base. Outputs of the proposed model are validated with the outputs of multi-criterion based fuzzy logic model presented in [Mharakurwa E T and Goboza R 2019 Multiparameter-based fuzzy logic health index assessment for oil-immersed power transformers Adv. Fuzzy Syst. 2019]. Testing data of 200 in-service transformers are utilised in the validation of both the models. It is observed from the comparison that similarity index of the proposed grey-fuzzy system is 92 percent. Several issues exist in regular transformer health assessment models such as the large number of rules, uncertainties, requirement of large training data, complexity issues are overcome by integrating the grey relational analysis with the fuzzy logic system. The proposed model can be easily implemented by all utilities and diagnostic experts of transformers.
Centralizing a controlled substance compliance and drug diversion prevention program within a multihospital health system
Authors: Neal Danielle , Mitchell Leah , Mieure Katherine 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Challenges with monitoring and detecting drug diversion in healthcare facilities continue to be a trending topic amid the opioid epidemic. This article aims to provide insight into the expansion of an academic medical center’s drug diversion and controlled substances compliance program. The justification and structure of a multihospital, centralized program are discussed.

Summary
Establishing dedicated controlled substances compliance and drug diversion resources has become increasingly common as awareness of the widespread healthcare impact has grown. One academic medical center recognized the value in expanding from 2 dedicated full-time equivalents (FTEs) with a scope of one facility to multiple FTEs with a scope of 5 facilities. The expansion included considering current practices at each facility, establishing the centralized team’s scope, gaining organizational support, recruiting a diverse team, and forming an effective committee structure.

Conclusion
There are multiple organizational benefits from establishing a centralized controlled substances compliance and drug diversion program, including standardization of processes, associated efficiencies, and effective risk mitigation by identifying inconsistent practices across the multifacility organization.
Standardized Photography of Female Genitalia and Anatomical Evaluations
Authors: Kang Yuanbo , Xia Zenan , Wang Sifan , Yu Nanze , Liu Zhifei , Qin Feng , Zhang Mingzi , Wang Xiaojun , Long Xiao , Zhu Lin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Standardized photographic recording and anatomic evaluation are crucial to refined and comprehensive preoperative design and enhanced aesthetic effect of female genital cosmetic surgery.

Objectives
The authors aim to propose a standard photographic scheme and physical examination form for the anatomical assessment of patients undergoing female genital surgery.

Methods
The scheme containing 2 positions (standing and lithotomy positions) and 11 views (1 frontal and 2 oblique views from standing position; 6 frontal views with labia minora open and closed, pulled to the opposite side, clitoral hood pushed up, posterior fourchette stretched; 2 oblique views from lithotomy position) (2P11V) is applied to record pre- and postoperative appearance of the vulva. The evaluation form is utilized to record characteristics of different anatomical subunits during photography.

Results
Two hundred forty-five patients who underwent female genital surgery were enrolled in the research from October 2018 to October 2022. All the patients received preoperative and postoperative 2P11V photography with about 5-minutes’ shooting time. Various anatomical variations containing hypertrophy and prolapse of mons pubis, redundant types of labia minora and clitoral hood, incremental exposure of clitoral glans, hypo- to hypertrophy of labia majora, disappearance of interlabial groove, hypertrophy of posterior fourchette, and relation of subunits were accurately documented.

Conclusions
2P11V photographic scheme displays the isolated features of each organ and proportion relation among different parts of vulva. The standard photographic record and physical examination form offer detailed anatomical structure to surgeons and facilitate surgeons to carry out an accurate surgical design, which deserve to be promoted and applied.