bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First identification of auxin glycosyltransferase MdUGT74BP1 from apple
Authors: Guo Weiyue , Teng Xiao , Zhao Aijuan , Li Ru , Li Pan , Lei Kang , Yu Shouchao , Ji Lusha 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The glycosylation modification of auxin is considered to be one of the important mechanisms for regulating the dynamic balance of plant active hormones in different tissue cells. It is closely related to maintaining the dynamic balance of auxin content in plants, plant growth and development, and environmental response. In this study, we successfully cloned a glycosyltransferase gene MdUGT74BP1 from an apple using molecular cloning technology. After constructing its prokaryotic expression vector, the active enzyme protein was purified and an in vitro enzymatic reaction revealed that MdUGT74BP1 may be a glycosylated growth element and its analogs. The overexpression of MdUGT74BP1 into Arabidopsis thaliana revealed that, compared to the wild-type, the MdUGT74BP1-overexpressing line showed an auxin-deficient phenotype. After exogenously spraying auxin IBA, the free auxin and auxin sugar esters of each plant were extracted and tested by HPLC. Compared with mutant plants, the auxin sugar ester content in the overexpressed lines increased significantly, while the free auxin content decreased significantly. These results further illustrate that MdUGT74BP1 functions as glycosylated auxin in plants. We used qRT-PCR technology to detect the auxin pathway-related genes in each strain, revealing that the expression of the related genes was consistent with the phenotype. In conclusion, this study was the first to successfully identify glycosyltransferase MdUGT74BP1 from apples, providing a theoretical and practical basis for the development and utilization of apple germplasm resources.
Associations of pyrethroids exposure with skeletal muscle strength and mass
Authors: Fang Zhenger , Chen Xia , Liu Mingliang , Zuo Lei , Zhou Biying , Zheng Guangjun , Chen Haiyan , Hao Guang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the associations of pyrethroids exposure with handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass and potential modification effects in US adults. The data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2014 was used. Handgrip strength was determined with a handgrip dynamometer, and we quantified muscle mass by using the appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI). Urinary 3-Phenoxybenzoic Acid (3-PBA), a validated biomarker for pyrethroids exposure, was used in the primary analysis. After adjusting for other covariates, participants exposed to the highest tertile of 3-PBA exposure had significantly lower handgrip strength (β = –1.88, 95% CI: –3.29, –0.23, P = 0.026) than those exposed to the lowest tertile of 3-PBA. Similarly, the 3-PBA exposure was marginally significantly associated with ASMI (Tertile 3 vs. Tertile 1: β = -0.07, 95% CI: –0.14, –0.01, P = 0.056). Significant interactions were found between 3-PBA and body mass index (BMI) on handgrip strength and ASMI (P interaction < 0.05), which indicated a potential moderation effect of BMI on the associations. In conclusion, pyrethroids exposure was adversely associated with handgrip strength and skeletal muscle mass, especially in overweight and obese populations. Further studies are warranted to confirm our results and to explore the potential mechanisms.
A Comparison of Neuropathic Pain Experiences Among Paralympic versus Recreational Athletes with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Todd Kendra , Olsen Kenedy , Hamamoto Gail , Hirschfield Trevor J. , Kramer John L.K. , Ginis Kathleen A. Martin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) report high levels of neuropathic pain. Current treatment options are primarily pharmaceutical, despite their limited effectiveness. Exercise may reduce neuropathic pain among persons with SCI, however, the optimal dose of exercise required to elicit analgesic effects remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare neuropathic pain intensity, pain catastrophizing, use of coping strategies, and positive affect and well-being among Paralympic versus recreational athletes with SCI who experience chronic neuropathic pain. Forty-seven athletes with SCI (25 Paralympic, 27 recreational) completed the International SCI Pain Basic Data Set, Douleur Neuropathique-4, coping strategies questionnaire, pain catastrophizing scale, SCI-quality of life assessment and a structured interview.
Results
Paralympic athletes reported significantly greater neuropathic pain (p = 0.032) and positive affect and well-being (p = 0.047) than recreational athletes. No other comparisons were significant (ps > 0.09). Significant positive correlations were observed between neuropathic pain and total minutes of moderate-intensity exercise (r = 0.335, p = 0.023) and average duration of moderate-intensity exercise sessions (r = 0.375, p = 0.010) over the past week.
Conclusions
The results suggest that frequent moderate- to- high intensity exercise may exacerbate neuropathic pain sensations for persons with SCI. Paralympic athletes are able to continue exercising at greater volumes than recreational athletes despite experiencing greater neuropathic pain. Research should investigate psychosocial and physiological mechanisms by which exercise may influence neuropathic pain to explain how Paralympic athletes with SCI are able to continue exercising while maintaining positive affect despite poor neuropathic pain.
Montmorillonite-based Adsorption Followed by Thermal Combustion: A Novel Approach to Purify Tetracycline-Contaminated Water
Authors: Zyoud Ahed , Zyoud Shaher , Amireh Ameed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Ensuring access to clean and safe water is a critical aspect of human survival, yet water pollution caused by organic contaminants remains a significant global challenge. Adsorption, which involves using an adsorbent material to remove pollutants, is a well-established technique for purifying water from organic contaminants. However, the adsorption capacity of the material decreases over time as it becomes saturated with the adsorbed pollutants. In this study, the researchers used montmorillonite, a naturally occurring and readily available clay mineral, as an adsorbent material for the removal of tetracycline from water sources. The results demonstrate that montmorillonite is an efficient adsorbent, with complete adsorption of tetracycline achieved within 40 minutes of stirring using just 0.1g of montmorillonite with tetracycline (100 mL, 100 ppm). Furthermore, the study presents a novel approach to regenerate and activate used montmorillonite through thermal combustion, allowing for its reuse in further adsorption processes. The stability of the annealed montmorillonite was confirmed by characterization techniques such as TGA and FT-IR. The findings suggest that montmorillonite is a sustainable, low-cost, and effective adsorbent material for the removal of tetracycline from water sources and holds potential for removing other organic pollutants (such as pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, dyes, pharmaceuticals), presenting a valuable addition to existing water treatment methods.
Towards In Silico 3-D Structure Modeling and Prioritization of Candidate Genes Regulating the Bovine and Caprine Apelinergic System
Authors: Gogoi Jayashree , Kuri Piyali , Karunakaran M , Mondal Mohan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background The Apelinergic system (consisting of two ligands - APELIN/APELA and its receptor APJ) plays a crucial role in many important biological processes in animals. The human Apelin, Apela and its receptor APJ are well characterized in terms of structure and function, but very little is known about the two ligands and its receptor in bovines and caprine species. The genes related to the Apelinergic system and their roles in various metabolic processes are also understudied in terms of livestock such as bovine and caprine species. Therefore, the aims of the present were to a) model the 3-D structure of the Apelinergic system and b) identify and prioritize the candidate genes regulating the system in bovine and caprine species through state of art bioinformatics tools. A three-dimensional model (3D) was constructed using SWISS-Model, a homology modeling server. The predicted model was validated by SAVES including PROCHECK and ERRAT server. The structures were refined by Refold server of intfold homology modeling tool. Python molecular viewer (PyMol) was used to visualize the tertiary structure of the protein. Three gene prioritizing tools Genie, toppgenet, David, and Genemania to further visualize the network of genes were used.Results The overall quality factor for the remodeled 3D structure for the three best templates selected for both bovine and caprine species was found to be 97.95, 97.82 and 96.40%. We identified and prioritized the top 10 most important genes related to each of the ligands (Apelin/apela and their receptor APJ) and the top 20 neighboring genes for both bovine and caprine species. The top 10 most common genes that interacted with the Apelinergic system in bovines and caprines are FLT1, ADIPOR1, ADIPOR2, ADIPOQ, INS, LEP, KDR, AKT1, TGFB1, NOS3, EGFR1, IGFR1, VEGFA, EGFR, FGF2, MAPK1/3, PPARG, PPARD, and APLNR.Conclusion The models generated in the present study can be used as a foundation for future drug-designing strategies and experiments. The result of the study may be a guiding point for further investigations on the role of the Apelinergic system in various physiological processes in bovines and caprine species.
Comparison of two ferritin assay platforms to assess their level of agreement in measuring serum and plasma ferritin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Majoni Sandawana William , Nelson Jane , Graham Jessica , Abeyaratne Asanga , Fernandes David Kiran , Cherian Sajiv , Rathnayake Geetha , Ashford Jenna , Hocking Lynn , Cain Heather , McFarlane Robert , Lawton Paul Damian , Barzi Federica , Taylor Sean , Cass Alan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Ferritin levels are used to make decisions on therapy of iron deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hyperferritinaemia, common among patients with CKD from the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia, makes use of ferritin levels as per clinical guidelines challenging.
No gold standard assay exists for measuring ferritin levels. Significant variability between results from different assays creates challenges for clinical decision-making regarding iron therapy. In the NT, different laboratories use different methods. In 2018, Territory Pathology changed the assay from Abbott ARCHITECT i1000 (AA) to Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics Vitros 7600 (OCD). This was during the planning of the INtravenous iron polymaltose for First Nations Australian patients with high FERRitin levels on haemodialysis (INFERR) clinical trial. The trial design was based on AA assay ferritin levels. We compared the two assays’ level of agreement in measuring ferritin levels in CKD patients.
Methods: Samples from INFERR clinical trial participants were analysed. Other samples from patients whose testing were completed the same day on OCD analyzers and run within 24 hours on AA analyzers were added to ensure wide range of ferritin levels, adding statistical strength to the comparison. Ferritin levels from both assays were compared using Pearson’s correlation, Bland-Altman, Deming and Passing-Bablok regression analyses. Differences between sample types, plasma and serum were assessed.
Results: Sixty-eight and 111 (179) samples from different patients from Central Australia and Top End of Australia, respectively, were analyzed separately and in combination. The ferritin levels ranged from 3.1µg/L to 3354µg/L and 3µg/L to 2170µg/L for AA and OCD assays respectively. Using Bland-Altman, Deming and Passing-Bablok regression methods for comparison, ferritin results were consistently 36% to 44% higher with AA than OCD assays. The bias was up to 49%. AA ferritin results were the same in serum and plasma. However, OCD ferritin results were 5% higher in serum than plasma.
Conclusions: When making clinical decisions, using ferritin results from the same assay in patients with CKD is critical. If the assay is changed, it is essential to assess agreement between results from the new and old assays. Further studies to harmonize ferritin assays are required.
Pharmacodynamic studies of Pravastatin Sodium Nano emulsion Loaded Transdermal Patch for Treatment of Hyperlipidemia.
Authors: Ibrahim Seham , Dahan Marwa Salaheldin El , Girgis Germeen Nazer 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Pravastatin sodium (PVS) is a hypolipidemic drug with poor oral bioavailability as a result of the first pass effect. This study aims to formulate and evaluate transdermal patch containing PVS loaded nanoemulsions (PVS-NEs) in order to increase PVS's hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective activities. PVS-NEs were prepared using the aqueous titration method. Oleic acid was chosen as an oil phase, span 80 and tween 80 were used as surfactant and cosurfactant respectively. Droplet size (DS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), clarity, Fourier-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermodynamic stability of NEs were all characterized. PVS-NEs (NE2) with 50% oil phase, 40% SC mix 2:1 and 10% water was selected as an optimum formula based on the results of DS (251 ± 16), PDI (0.4 ± 0.16), and ZP (-70 ±10.4) to be incorporated into transdermal patch. PVS-NE2 loaded transdermal patches (PVS-NE2-TDPs) F1 were prepared by solvent evaporation method. F1 patch with HPMC E15 and PVP K30 in a ratio of 3:1 represented satisfactory patch properties with good drug-excipients compatibility thus, it was selected as an optimum patch formula. The optimized formula (F1) was prepared using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose E15 (HPMC, 15MPa.s), Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). F1 patch was characterized for thickness, moisture content, weight variation and drug- excipients incompatibility. F1 patch was subjected to ex vivo skin permeation and finally pharmacodynamic studies. Ex vivo permeation studies of F1 revealed that, the cumulative amount of PVS permeated across rat skin was (271.66 ± 19 µg/cm2) in 72h. Pharmacodynamic studies demonstrated that, F1 patch was more effective in treating hyperlipidemia than PVS-TDP (control patch) based on both blood analysis and histopathological examination.
Differences in Postoperative Knee Function Based on Concomitant Treatment of Lateral Meniscal Injury in the Setting of Primary ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Kaarre Janina , Herman Zachary J. , Persson Fabian , Wållgren Jonas Olsson , Alentorn-Geli Eduard , Senorski Eric Hamrin , Musahl Volker , Samuelsson Kristian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Concomitant lateral meniscus (LM) injuries are common in acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. However, the effect of addressing these injuries with various treatment methods during primary ACL reconstruction (ACLR) on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare postoperative Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) at 2-, 5-, and 10-years after isolated primary ACLR to primary ACLR with various treatment methods to address concomitant LM injury.
Methods: This study was based on data from the Swedish National Knee Ligament Registry. Patients >15 years with data on postoperative KOOS who underwent primary ACLR between the years 2005 and 2018 were included in this study. The study population was divided into five groups: 1) Isolated ALCR, 2) ACLR + LM repair, 3) ACLR + LM resection, 4) ACLR+LM injury left in situ, and 5) ACLR + LM repair + LM resection. Patients with concomitant medial meniscus or other surgically treated ligament injuries were excluded.
Results: Of 31,819 included patients, 24% had LM injury. After post hoc comparisons, significantly lower scores were found for the KOOS Symptoms subscale in ACLR+LM repair group compared to isolated ACLR (76.0 vs 78.3, p=0.0080) and ACLR+LM injury left in situ groups (76.0 vs 78.3, p=0.024) at 2-year follow-up. However, at 10-year follow-up, no differences were found between ACLR + LM repair and isolated ACLR, but ACLR + LM resection resulted in significantly lower KOOS Symptoms scores compared to isolated ACLR (80.4 vs 82.3, p=0.02).
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that LM injury during ACLR is associated with lower KOOS scores, particularly in the Symptoms subscale, at short- and long-term follow-up. Further randomized studies are needed to better understand the effects of various treatments for LM on clinical outcomes.
Level of Evidence: III
Touch imprint cytology is useful for the intraoperative pathological diagnosis of PitNETs
Authors: Tanabe Noriaki , Inoshita Naoko , Ishida Atsushi , Kato Masataka , Yoshimoto Haruko , Shiramizu Hideki , Suga Hidetaka , Tateno Toru , Ohashi Kenichi , Yamada Shozo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Touch imprint cytological (TIC) preparation and frozen section (FS) procedures are essential for intraoperative pathological diagnosis (IPD). They are invaluable tools for therapeutic decision-making, helping surgeons avoid under or overtreatment of patients. Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are generally small, slow-growing tumors with low-grade malignancy located at the base of the skull, where it is impossible to maintain a wide tumor margin. Therefore, transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) should be performed with necessary caution, and with sufficient and minimal resection. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of TIC for the diagnosis of PitNET and determine its ability to accurately evaluate the surgical margin compared to the FS procedure. A total of 104 fresh specimens from 28 patients who underwent TSS for PitNETs were examined using TIC and FS. TIC specimens were categorized according to the cell attachment pattern. The rich and diffusely attached neuroendocrine cells were all from PitNETs. In contrast, no rich or diffuse cell attachments were observed in any non-tumoral endocrine cells. In conclusion, recognizing a pattern of endocrine cell adherence is highly effective in IPD in order to certify the existence of a PitNET component.
A Case of Neonatal Sweet Syndrome Associated with Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency
Authors: Irwin Margaret , Tanawattanacharoen Veeraya Kate , Turner Amy , Son Mary Beth , Hale Rebecca C. , Platt Craig D. , Wasserman Mollie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Sweet Syndrome (SS), also known as acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is an immunologic syndrome characterized by widespread neutrophilic infiltration. While SS most commonly occurs in adults, this case report discusses an infant patient who presented with SS.
Case Presentation: Through a multi-disciplinary approach, this patient was also found to have very-early onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) and Mevalonate kinase-associated disease (MKAD). While prior case studies have characterized an association between VEO-IBD and MKAD, there is no literature describing the association of all three diagnoses this case: SS, VEO-IBD and MKAD. Initiation of canakinub in this patient resulted in successful symptomatic control.
Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of a multi-disciplinary approach to rare diagnoses, and collaboration during cases with significant diagnostic uncertainty.
miR-31-5p-enriched extracellular vesicles effectively restored cardiac function after myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Pu Yanan , Liu Jinhui , Cheng Rong , Wang Di , Xu Rui , Gong Qingyun , Jiang Yi , Li Chunyu , Chen Yan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major reason for heart failure, which may lead to cardiac function impairment and cardiomyocyte loss. An urgent investigation into new successful therapies is required. This investigation sought to examine if extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying particular miRNA may restore heart function following MI. We isolated EVs (miR-31-5p-EVs) from HEK293T cells overexpressing miR-31-5p and then identified their characteristic. The cellular internalization of miR-31-5p-EVs in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts was visualized using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The impact of miR-31-5p-EVs on the aforementioned cells were conducted. The TargetScan, starBase, and mirDIP databases, together with the dual-luciferase reporter test, verified the downstream target gene PPP3CA to be miR-31-5p. The outcomes indicated that miR-31-5p-EVs significantly increased cardiac angiogenesis after myocardial infarction, decreased cardiac cell apoptosis, and effectively improved cardiac function. The mechanism may be mediated by miR-31-5p-EVs targeting PPP3CA.
Seasonal antigenic prediction of influenza A H3N2 using machine learning
Authors: Shah Syed Awais Wahab , Palomar Daniel , Barr Ian , Poon Leo , Quadeer Ahmed Abdul , McKay Matthew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Antigenic characterization of circulating influenza A virus (IAV) isolates is routinely assessed by using the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays for surveillance purposes. It is also used to determine the need for annual influenza vaccine updates as well as for pandemic preparedness. Performing antigenic characterization of IAV on a global scale is confronted with high costs, animal availability, and other practical challenges. Here we present a machine learning model that accurately predicts (normalized) outputs of HI assays involving circulating human IAV H3N2 viruses, using their hemagglutinin subunit 1 (HA1) sequences and associated metadata. Each season, the model learns an updated nonlinear mapping of genetic to antigenic changes using data from past seasons only. The model accurately distinguishes antigenic variants from non-variants and adaptively characterizes seasonal dynamics of HA1 sites having the strongest influence on antigenic change. Antigenic predictions produced by the model can aid influenza surveillance, public health management, and vaccine strain selection activities.