bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio-temporal change monitoring for surface water on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 1990 to 2020 using remote sensing
Authors: Sui Tianbo , Ye Chengming , Tang Rong , Wei Ruilong 
Published: March 2023

Detecting and analyzing changes of water resources is critical for human survival and societal development in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP). We implemented the cosine similarity method to complete the migration of samples and achieve a more accurate random forest classifier (mean Kappa = 0.872) for each period. Based on these classifiers and 45,370 Landsat images, we estimated the surface water distribution of the QTP for six periods between 1990 and 2020 based on the Google Earth Engine platform. The results indicate that the QTP has a surface water area of 57,229 ± 3,248 km2 (1990–1995), 58,444 ± 3,248 km2 (1996–2000), 67,319 ± 3,704 km2 (2001–2005), 67,399 ± 2,798 km2 (2006–2010), 70,286 ± 3,033 km2 (2011–2015), 75,176 ± 2,785 km2 (2016–2020), that the area of water rose by ap-proximately 31.3% and continued to increase. The area of permanent water remained constant between 1990 and 2020 at 47,280 km2. On the QTP, the change in water area can be split into four regions: rapid increase (Qiangtang Plateau), slow increase (eastern basins), decrease (northern and northeastern basins), and relatively stable (southern basins). About 186,408 km2 area of land is significantly losing water bodies, while about 589,567 km2 area of land is significantly gaining water bodies. This study provides higher accuracy temporal distribution data of water bodies in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and quantitatively evaluates the area changes of water bodies from multiple spatial scales. Research provides an important scientific reference for hydrological research and effective management of water resources in important rivers in the QTP.
Clinical and molecular features of four Brazilian families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
Authors: Miranda Isabella Santiago de Melo , Valadares Luciana Pinto , Barra Gustavo Barcelos , Mesquita Pedro Góes , de Santana Lidiana Bandeira , de Castro Lucas Faria , Rita Ticiane Henriques Santa , Naves Luciana Ansaneli 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveMultiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by its clinical variability and complexity in diagnosis and treatment. We performed both clinical and molecular descriptions of four families with MEN1 in a follow-up at a tertiary center in Brasília.MethodsFrom a preliminary review of approximately 500 medical records of patients with pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) from the database of the Neuroendocrinology Outpatient Clinic of the University Hospital of Brasília, a total of 135 patients met the criteria of at least two affected family members. From this cohort, we have identified 34 families: only four with a phenotype of MEN1 and the other 30 families with the phenotype of familial isolated pituitary adenoma (FIPA). Eleven patients with a clinical diagnosis of MEN1 from these four families were selected.ResultsVariants in MEN1 gene were identified in all families. One individual from each family underwent genetic testing using targeted high-throughput sequencing (HTS). All patients had primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), and the second most common manifestation was PitNET. One individual had well-differentiated liposarcoma, which has been previously reported in a single case of MEN1. Three variants previously described in the database and a novel variant in exon 2 have been found.ConclusionsThe study allowed the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of families with MEN1 in a follow-up at a tertiary center in Brasília.
A survey on parameters estimation of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells based on the swarm-inspired optimization algorithms
Authors: Razmjooy Navid 
Published: March 2023

The main purpose of this study is to review various swarm-inspired optimization algorithms to discuss the significance of some established works in this area. Accurate parameter estimation is required to guarantee proper modeling of PEMFCs. However, because PEMFC models are complex, non-linear, and multivariate, parameter estimation is quite difficult. To estimate the linear and non-linear parameters of a PEMFC model in real time, this work investigates PEMFC model parameters estimation methods with a focus on online identification algorithms, which are thought of as the foundation of designing a global energy management strategy. Various PEMFC models with various classifications and objectives are initially addressed in this regard. The parameters of two well-known semi-empirical models in the literature, including 500 W BCS PEMFC and the 6 kW NedSstack PS6 PEMFC have then been identified using some potential swarm-inspired optimization algorithms for practical applications, such that the TSD error for the NedStack PS6 and BCS PEMFC based on the swarm-inspired optimization algorithms provide averagely 2.22 and 0.047, respectively. Finally, the obtained accomplishments and upcoming difficulties are highlighted.
Determinants of waste separation behavior Tabriz, Iran: An application of the theory of planned behavior at health center
Authors: Babazadeh Towhid , Ranjbaran Soheila , Kouzekanani Kamiar , Abedi Nerbin Sanaz , Heizomi Haleh , Ramazani Mohammad Ebrahim 
Published: March 2023

Background: Identifying factors that may influence waste separation behavior can lead to more effective waste separation, better recycling plans in a community, and more effective and efficient waste management interventions. The purpose of the survey was to identify the key factors behind such behavior.Methods: The scientific inquiry was cross-sectional in nature, took place in Tabriz, Iran, and employed multistage random sampling to recruit the study’s 360 participants. The data collection process took place between September 2018 and February 2019. A Theory of Planned Behavior-driven questionnaire was developed by the research team for the purpose of data collection. The structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was deployed for data analysis.Results: The structural equation modeling of the data showed the most important determinants of behavioral intention were perceived behavioral control (β = 0.39, p &lt; 0.05), moral commitments (β = 0.19, p &lt; 0.05), and perceived policy effectiveness (β = 0.12, p &lt; 0.05). The strongest determinants of waste separation behavior were behavioral intention (β = 0.29, p &lt; 0.05) and perceived behavioral control (β = 0.25, p &lt; 0.05). In addition, age-group and gender differences were statistically related to waste separation behavior significantly (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Recycling investors and other stakeholders should focus on perceived behavioral control and intention in designing and implementing waste separation programs.
Outcomes of programmed death protein-1 inhibitors treatment of chronic active Epstein Barr virus infection: A single center retrospective analysis
Authors: Ma Yaxian , Zhang Peiling , Bao Yuhan , Luo Hui , Wang Jiachen , Huang Liang , Zheng Miao 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionChronic active Epstein-Barr virus (CAEBV) disease is a high-mortality disease, which is characterized by persistent infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms. There is no standard treatment for CAEBV and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was considered the only potentially therapeutic approach. PD-1 inhibitors have achieved high response in many Epstein-Barr virus-related diseases. In this single-center retrospective analysis, we report the outcomes of PD-1 inhibitors treatment of CAEBV.MethodsAll CAEBV patients without hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), who were treated with PD-1 inhibitors in our center between 6/1/2017 and 12/31/2021, were retrospectively analyzed. The efficacy and safety of the PD-1 inhibitors were evaluated.ResultsAmong the sixteen patients with a median age at onset of 33 years (range, 11-67 years), twelve patients responded to PD-1 inhibitors and the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.1 months (range, 4.9-54.8 months). Three achieved clinical complete response (clinical CR), as well as molecular CR. Five patients achieved and remained partial response (PR), and four converted from PR to no response (NR). For three CR patients, the median time and cycles from the first application of PD-1 inhibitor to clinical CR were 6 weeks (range, 4-10 weeks) and 3 cycles (range, 2-4 cycles), and molecular CR was achieved after a median of 16.7 weeks (range, 6.1-18.4 weeks) and 5 cycles (range, 3-6 cycles) of PD-1 inhibitor infusion. No immune-related adverse events have been observed except for one patient who suffered immune-related pancreatitis. There was no correlation of treatment outcome with blood count, liver function, LDH, cytokine or ferritin levels. NK cell function, PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue and gene mutation possibly correlated with treatment response.DiscussionIn patients with CAEBV, PD-1 inhibitors have tolerable toxicity and comparable outcomes while improving quality of life and financial toxicity. Larger prospective studies and longer follow-up time is needed to be conducted.
Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: van der Meer Rienk Gerben , Spoorenberg Anneke , Brouwer Elisabeth , Doornbos-van der Meer Berber , Boots Annemieke M. H. , Arends Suzanne , Abdulahad Wayel H. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundSeveral studies implicate Th17-cells and its cytokine (IL-17) in disease pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis (SpA), with available evidence supporting a pathogenic role of CD8+ T-cells. However, data on the involvement of CD8+ mucosal-associated invariant T-cells (MAIT) and their phenotypic characterization and inflammatory function including IL-17 and Granzyme A production in a homogenous population of SpA-patients with primarily axial disease (axSpA) are lacking.ObjectivesQuantify and characterize the phenotype and function of circulating CD8+MAIT-cells in axSpA-patients with primarily axial disease.MethodsBlood samples were obtained from 41 axSpA-patients and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). Numbers and percentages of MAIT-cells (defined as CD3+CD8+CD161highTCRVα7.2+) were determined, and production of IL-17 and Granzyme A (GrzA) by MAIT-cells were examined by flow cytometry upon in vitro stimulation. Serum IgG specific for CMV was measured by ELISA.ResultsNo significant differences in numbers and percentages of circulating MAIT-cells were found between axSpA-patients and HCr zijn meer resultaten de centrale memory CD8 T cellen. cellen van patirculating MAIT cells.. Further phenotypic analysis revealed a significant decrease in numbers of central memory MAIT-cells of axSpA-patients compared to HC. The decrease in central memory MAIT-cells in axSpA patients was not attributed to an alteration in CD8 T-cell numbers, but correlated inversely with serum CMV-IgG titers. Production of IL-17 by MAIT-cells was comparable between axSpA-patients and HC, whereas a significant decrease in the production of GrzA by MAIT-cells from axSpA-patients was observed.ConclusionsThe decrease in cytotoxic capability of circulating MAIT-cells in axSpA-patients might implicate that these cell types migrate to the inflamed tissue and therefore associate with the axial disease pathogenesis.
High-resolution characterization of the development and decay of seasonal hypoxia in the Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea
Authors: Liblik Taavi , Stoicescu Stella-Theresa , Buschmann Fred , Lilover Madis-Jaak , Lips Urmas 
Published: March 2023

The Gulf of Riga is a shallow basin in the eastern Baltic Sea connected to the Central Baltic Sea via shallow straits. Seasonal oxygen depletion occurs in the deep layer of the gulf. We conducted hourly measurements of dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity in the deep layer (50 m) of the gulf and observed the full cycle of development and relaxation of hypoxia in 2021. Hypoxia (&lt;2.9 mg l-1) first occurred on 27 June and was observed for 71 days until its complete decay on 22 October. Average oxygen decline of 0.10 mg l-1 d-1 from saturation in mid-April until mid-July and 0.04 mg l-1 d-1 onwards until the end of August were observed. This seasonal pattern was superimposed by short-term variability in time scales from hours to days and was probably caused by inertial oscillations, (sub)mesoscale processes, deep layer currents, and pycnocline movements. Ventilation events with a relatively low impact and duration of up to ten days occurred in the deep layer due to the inflows of the saltier water from the Central Baltic. The inflowed water originated from the upper layer in winter and the thermocline in summer and was almost saturated in oxygen. Mostly mixing with existing oxygen-depleted water in the Gulf of Riga, but also local consumption declined the oxygen levels in the inflow water before it arrived at the observing station. Monthly standard deviations in oxygen varied from 0.3 to 2.8 mg l-1 and illustrated the added value of Eulerian measurements to complement the conventional monitoring.
The cut-off value for HOMA-IR discriminating the insulin resistance based on the SHBG level in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Biernacka-Bartnik Aleksandra , Kocełak Piotr , Owczarek Aleksander Jerzy , Choręza Piotr Stanisław , Markuszewski Leszek , Madej Paweł , Puzianowska-Kuźnicka Monika , Chudek Jerzy , Olszanecka-Glinianowicz Magdalena 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe study aimed to estimate the cut-off value for homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) discriminating the insulin resistance based on the sex hormones binding globulin (SHBG) level in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Materials and methodsData from medical records of 854 Caucasian women diagnosed with PCOS were analyzed. Anthropometric data, fasting plasma glucose, insulin and SHBG levels were measured. HOMA-IR was calculated with a standard formula. The cut-off value was calculated using receiver-operating characteristics.ResultsCirculating SHBG levels below the normal range (26.1 nmol/L) were found in 25.4% of study participants. This subgroup had a significantly higher BMI, fasting glucose and insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR values. Empirical optimal cut-off values for HOMA-IR corresponding to low SHBG levels was ≥2.1 [area under the curve (AUC) 0.73, accuracy 0.65, sensitivity 72.3%, specificity 63.1%, positive predictive value (PPV) 40.0%, negative predictive value (NPV) 87.0%].ConclusionsOur study suggests that the cut-off point for HOMA-IR discriminating the insulin resistance based on the SHBG level, in young Caucasian women with polycystic ovary syndrome is 2.1, and is consistent with the cut-off value adopted by the European Group for the Study of Insulin Resistance (above 2.0).
Autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease: hypertension and secondary cardiovascular effect in children
Authors: Lucchetti L. , Chinali M. , Emma F. , Massella L. 
Published: March 2023

Autosomal dominant (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive (ARPKD) polycystic kidney disease are the most widely known cystic kidney diseases. They are significantly different from each other in terms of genetics and clinical manifestations. Hypertension is one of the main symptoms in both diseases, but the age of onset and secondary cardiovascular complications are significantly different. Most ARPKD children are hypertensive in the first year of life and need high doses of hypertensive drugs. ADPKD patients with a very early onset of the disease (VEOADPKD) develop hypertension similarly to patients with ARPKD. Conversely, a significantly lower percentage of patients with classic forms of ADPKD develops hypertension during childhood, although probably more than originally thought. Data published in the past decades show that about 20%–30% of ADPKD children are hypertensive. Development of hypertension before 35 years of age is a known risk factor for more severe disease in adulthood. The consequences of hypertension on cardiac geometry and function are not well documented in ARPKD due to the rarity of the disease, the difficulties in collecting homogeneous data, and differences in the type of parameters evaluated in different studies. Overall, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) has been reported in 20%–30% of patients and does not always correlate with hypertension. Conversely, cardiac geometry and cardiac function are preserved in the vast majority of hypertensive ADPKD children, even in patients with faster decline of kidney function. This is probably related to delayed onset of hypertension in ADPKD, compared to ARPKD. Systematic screening of hypertension and monitoring secondary cardiovascular damage during childhood allows initiating and adapting antihypertensive treatment early in the course of the disease, and may limit disease burden later in adulthood.
QTc prolongation risk among patients receiving oral targeted antineoplastic medications: A real-world community-based oncology analysis
Authors: Reeves David J. , Russell Molly , Rao Vijay U. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThirty oral targeted antineoplastic agents are associated with prolongation of the QT interval. However, limited data exists regarding QTc prolongation and associated risk factors in the ambulatory oncology setting.MethodsThis retrospective study was completed to describe QTc prolongation incidence among patients receiving oral targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and identify potential risk factors in the ambulatory community-based oncology clinic.ResultsOf the 341 patients identified as receiving oral TKI, 49 with a baseline and follow-up ECG were included. The incidence of QTc prolongation (QTc &gt; 470 ms in males, QTc &gt; 480 ms in females, or &gt;20 ms increase in QTc from baseline) was 24%. Three patients developed significant QTc prolongation (QTc &gt;500 ms or &gt;60 ms increase in QTc from baseline). No patients discontinued therapy primarily due to QTc prolongation or experienced symptomatic torsades de pointes. Analysis of risk factors demonstrated that patients with QTc prolongation were more likely to receive concomitant therapy with a loop diuretic (41% vs 11%, respectively, p=0.029).DiscussionThe frequency of QTc prolongation may be higher in the real-world setting than that observed in clinical trials; however, continuation of therapy may be possible. Patients receiving concomitant loop diuretics should be monitored more closely for QTc prolongation and electrolyte abnormalities.
Construction of an individualized brain metabolic network in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer by the Kullback-Leibler divergence-based similarity method: A study based on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography
Authors: Yu Jie , Hua Lin , Cao Xiaoling , Chen Qingling , Zeng Xinglin , Yuan Zhen , Wang Ying 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundLung cancer has one of the highest mortality rates of all cancers, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the vast majority (about 85%) of lung cancers. Psychological and cognitive abnormalities are common in cancer patients, and cancer information can affect brain function and structure through various pathways. To observe abnormal brain function in NSCLC patients, the main purpose of this study was to construct an individualized metabolic brain network of patients with advanced NSCLC using the Kullback-Leibler divergence-based similarity (KLS) method.MethodsThis study included 78 patients with pathologically proven advanced NSCLC and 60 healthy individuals, brain 18F-FDG PET images of these individuals were collected and all patients with advanced NSCLC were followed up (&gt;1 year) to confirm their overall survival. FDG-PET images were subjected to individual KLS metabolic network construction and Graph theoretical analysis. According to the analysis results, a predictive model was constructed by machine learning to predict the overall survival of NSLCL patients, and the correlation with the real survival was calculated.ResultsSignificant differences in the degree and betweenness distributions of brain network nodes between the NSCLC and control groups (p&lt;0.05) were found. Compared to the normal group, patients with advanced NSCLC showed abnormal brain network connections and nodes in the temporal lobe, frontal lobe, and limbic system. The prediction model constructed using the abnormal brain network as a feature predicted the overall survival time and the actual survival time fitting with statistical significance (r=0.42, p=0.012).ConclusionsAn individualized brain metabolic network of patients with NSCLC was constructed using the KLS method, thereby providing more clinical information to guide further clinical treatment.
Incidence, risk factors and ophthalmic clinical characteristic of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy: 7-year experience
Authors: Chaitanuwong Pareena , Srithawatpong Supaporn , Ruamviboonsuk Paisan , Apinyawasisuk Supanut , Watcharapanjamart Akechanok , Moss Heather E. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe purpose of this research was to investigate the characteristics, clinical manifestations, incidence, and risk factors in ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON) in the Thai population.MethodsPatients treated with ethambutol for tuberculosis (TB) were retrospectively identified in the medical record of a tertiary hospital in Thailand from January 2012 to August 2019. Development of EON was determined through review of ophthalmology records. Comparison was made between patients with EON and those without EON to identify possible risk factors. Ophthalmic outcomes were characterized.ResultsAmong 4,141 patients who received ethambutol for TB treatment, 1,062 had an ophthalmology encounter, and 20 (0.5% overall, 1.88% with ophthalmology encounters) developed EON. In unadjusted analysis, compared to patients without EON, those with EON had a similar daily dose, but longer duration of ethambutol treatment (P=0.02). They were older (mean 43.74 vs. 58.60 years, P=0.001), more likely to have hypertension (P=0.02) and smoke (p=0.01). There were no differences in gender, body mass index, diabetes, dyslipidemia, HIV infection or glomerular filtration rate. The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell analysis, and vascular density as measured using retinal optical coherence tomography were impacted by EON. In adjusted logistic regression analysis, age greater than 60 (OR = 8.71, p = 0.01) and smoking (OR = 7.06, p = 0.01) were independent risk factors for EON.ConclusionIn patients treated with ethambutol, the incidence proportion of EON was 0.5% among those with ethambutol administered and 1.88% among those with ethambutol and an eye visit. Potential EON risk factors were age, hypertension, smoking, and duration of ethambutol medication. Smoking has not been associated with EON in prior studies.