bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La fraternité au XXI e siècle
Authors: de Vitry Alexandre 
Published: May 2023

La fraternité désigne les cercles les plus fermés, les plus combatifs, comme ceux qui sont les plus ouverts ou les plus pacifiques. Après avoir connu un bref âge d’or lors de la révolution de 1848 en France pendant laquelle fut consacrée la devise républicaine, elle connaît une éclipse. Trop irénique pour certains, trop familiale et biologique pour d’autres, la fraternité devient désuète, voire suspecte. Alexandre de Vitry s’interroge sur les conditions de son retour au XXI e siècle, alors que partout les anciennes solidarités se dégradent.
Ave M.A.R.I.A. : couronnes de fleurs et chapelets de prières dans les Miracles de Nostre Dame de Gautier de Coinci
Authors: Radomme Thibaut 
Published: May 2023

Examinant l’essor du Psautier de la Vierge – soit la récitation de 150 Ave Maria comptés sur un chapelet – dans le courant des xii e et xiii e siècles, l’article rappelle que cette pratique trouve son origine dans deux dévotions antérieures : l’offrande de couronnes de fleurs et la prière répétitive. À l’issue d’un relevé des allusions au Psautier de la Vierge dans les Miracles de Nostre Dame de Gautier de Coinci, l’hypothèse est formulée que le miracle I Mir 23, mettant en scène la dévotion de la Corona gloriosae virginis Mariae , opère pour la première fois en langue romane la synthèse des symboliques numérique et florale à l’origine du Psautier en érigeant le nom de Marie en chapelet symbolique. Mis en perspective avec des pratiques lettristes similaires chez Adgar et chez Guillaume de Digulleville, le miracle I Mir 23 semble à ce titre constituer le plus ancien indice en langue vernaculaire de la formalisation et de la diffusion en cours du Psautier de la Vierge.
Auteurs oubliés. Théorisations méconnues
Authors: Meslem Mustapha 
Published: May 2023

August Aichhorn, psychanalyste viennois, oublié ou méconnu, n’ayant écrit qu’un seul livre, a été un novateur en amenant à la psychanalyse des populations qui en étaient exclues : adolescents délinquants, familles, et personnes de catégories sociales n’appartenant pas à la bourgeoisie viennoise. Sa pratique clinique de la psychanalyse, développée dans la revue « pédagogie psychanalytique », va influencer une multitude de psychanalystes. Celles et ceux qui ont participé à ses séminaires vont essaimer sur 2 continents : En Europe avec les polycliniques mais aussi en Grande-Bretagne où ces psychanalystes vont jouer un rôle de médiation dans la controverse entre Mélanie Klein et Anna Freud, et en France où l’ordonnance 1945 sur la protection des mineurs va s’en inspirer.
Severe CD8+ T Lymphopenia in WHIM Syndrome Caused by Selective Sequestration in Primary Immune Organs
Authors: Majumdar Shamik , Pontejo Sergio M , Jaiswal Hemant , Gao Ji-Liang , Salancy Abigail , Stassenko Elizabeth , Yamane Hidehiro , McDermott David H , Balabanian Karl , Bachelerie Françoise , Murphy Philip M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome is an ultra-rare combined primary immunodeficiency disease caused by heterozygous gain-of-function mutations in the chemokine receptor CXCR4. WHIM patients typically present with recurrent acute infections associated with myelokathexis (severe neutropenia due to bone marrow retention of mature neutrophils). Severe lymphopenia is also common, but the only associated chronic opportunistic pathogen is human papillomavirus and mechanisms are not clearly defined. In this study, we show that WHIM mutations cause more severe CD8 than CD4 lymphopenia in WHIM patients and WHIM model mice. Mechanistic studies in mice revealed selective and WHIM allele dose-dependent accumulation of mature CD8 single-positive cells in thymus in a cell-intrinsic manner due to prolonged intrathymic residence, associated with increased CD8 single-positive thymocyte chemotactic responses in vitro toward the CXCR4 ligand CXCL12. In addition, mature WHIM CD8+ T cells preferentially home to and are retained in the bone marrow in mice in a cell-intrinsic manner. Administration of the specific CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 (plerixafor) in mice rapidly and transiently corrected T cell lymphopenia and the CD4/CD8 ratio. After lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection, we found no difference in memory CD8+ T cell differentiation or viral load between wild-type and WHIM model mice. Thus, lymphopenia in WHIM syndrome may involve severe CXCR4-dependent CD8+ T cell deficiency resulting in part from sequestration in the primary lymphoid organs, thymus, and bone marrow.
Practitioner perceptions about optometric networks in South Africa
Authors: Maluleke Simon A. , Moodley Vanessa R. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Private healthcare in South Africa is largely financed by medical schemes. Optometrists reluctantly contract with administrators and networks to service these patients, despite them feeling networks are undesirable and exploitative. Networks contend that various mechanisms employed are necessary to ensure sustainability and prevent fraud, wastage and abuse. A working relationship between practitioners and networks should ideally be cordial and appreciated by each party as being mutually beneficial to the success of their respective businesses.Aim: To assess practitioners’ knowledge and perceptions regarding optometric networks.Setting: The study was conducted amongst optometric professionals in the private sector in South Africa.Methods: A descriptive, mixed-method study was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire. Interviews with senior personnel from the networks were conducted.Results: Approximately 77% of respondents belonged to networks with 91% being knowledgeable about networks and their role within optometry. Opticlear had 72% members, while Iso Leso and preferred provider negotiators (PPN) had 67% and 41%, respectively. Most optometrists (69%) neither believed in the need for networks nor that they provide value to the profession, while 94.7% joined networks merely to receive direct payment and access patients, with no other benefits noted.Conclusion: Practitioners reluctantly contract to networks for direct payment and to access patients. Furthermore, practitioners feel that networks bully and victimise them while networks highlight their responsibility to reduce healthcare costs and negative practices of fraud, waste and abuse.Contribution: Providing sustainable, cost-effective and quality eye care services requires collaboration between networks and practitioners and appreciating each other’s roles in the delivery of eye care services.
The McKinsey’s 7-S model framework for assessment of challenges faced by teachers of children with autism spectrum disorders in the Limpopo province, South Africa
Authors: Sumbane Gsakani O. , Mothiba Tebogo M. , Modula Mantji J. , Mutshatshi Takalani E. , Manamela Ledile E. 
Published: May 2023

Background: The number of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is rapidly increasing globally and requires a supportive educational system to meet the needs of these children.Aim: The study assessed challenges faced by teachers of children with ASD in the public special schools of the Limpopo province, South Africa.Setting: The study was conducted in seven public special schools in the Limpopo province, South Africa.Methods: Face-to-face semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 teachers regarding the challenges they face in educating children with ASD. Tesch’s inductive, descriptive open coding technique enabled the researcher to analyse and report, subthemes that emerged from this qualitative explorative and descriptive data. Measures to ensure trustworthiness and ethical considerations were carried out throughout the study.Results: Analysis of the interviews revealed that the structure and systems of special schools do not support the educational needs of children with ASD. The strategic plans and policy framework on inclusive education are not being executed adequately. Learning for ASD children is not supported because of substandard infrastructure, curricula, lack of teaching material, health practitioners, unbalanced teacher–learner ratio, inadequate staff skills, school culture, shared beliefs and lack of management support.Conclusion: The study revealed challenges faced by special education teachers indicating the influence on the provision of high-quality education to children with ASD. The Department of Basic Education at the national level should monitor all special schools regularly, provide the necessary support and ensure that the complex needs of children with ASD are met.Contribution: The study contributes to understanding of the challenges faced by teachers of children with ASD in providing high quality of education and affirm sound basis of advance information to monitor and evaluate the education of children with ASD in special public schools, which is within the scope of the journal.
Outcomes of breast conserving therapy: Recurrence, imaging findings and histological correlation
Authors: Sondezi Marara N. , Buccimazza Ines , Madlala Ntombizakhona B. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Breast conserving therapy (BCT) is the mainstay therapy in patients with early breast cancer and selected patients with locally advanced breast cancer. No formal audit has been performed on BCT at our institution.Objectives: To determine the incidence and risk factors for ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence (IBTR). Study the imaging features of IBTR. Determine adherence to the proposed annual mammographic surveillance schedule.Method: Clinical, radiological and histopathological records of patients who underwent BCT from 01 January 2011 to 31 December 2015 were reviewed. Patients were followed up for at least 5 years.Results: Ninety-two patients were included in the study with a mean age of 54.3 years. Eighty of the 92 (87.0%) patients were imaged within 1-year post-BCT. Ipsilateral breast tumour recurrence was 6/92 (6.5%) with mean time to IBTR of 34.4 months. One of the 92 (1.0%) patients had a contralateral metachronous recurrence with no IBTR and 11/92 (12.0%) had distant metastases only. Pathological tumour size and extent (pT2) (68.5%) and pathological lymph node (pN0) (65.2%) were the most common locoregional staging. Infiltrating ductal carcinoma was the most common histological type (88%). Age 35 years was associated with breast cancer recurrence (p 0.01). Imaging findings of recurrence were microcalcification (odds ratio [OR]: 4), asymmetric density (OR: 4) and skin thickening (OR: 2.5).Conclusion: The occurrence of IBTR following BCT in our unit is acceptable and comparable to local and international units. The accuracy of assessing the post-BCT breast for IBTR is in keeping with international standards.Contribution: Improved radiological imaging interpretation of the post-BCT breast.
Road Rage and Driver Anger-An Indian Perspective
Authors: Mudgal Varchasvi , Niranjan Vijay , Rastogi Pali , Jain Priyash 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim:
Road rage is a term often used to describe driving usually extreme in nature. There seems to be a multifactorial relationship between the situational characteristics of an anger-provoking road situation and the consequent feelings of anger and road behavior. We focus on the dynamics of road rage and the current study pioneers to understand road rage and its correlates in Indian drivers.

Materials and Methods:
An internet based cross-sectional study was done involving 282 participants in India. The 33-item Driving Anger Scale was used to measure driving anger. Data were collected between January 2019 to April 2019. Anger assessment was done using the Deffenbacher Driver Anger Scale.

Results:
Significant driver anger exists among Indian drivers; with males reporting higher driver anger for situations involving police presence, while females reporting higher anger for hostile gestures and discourtesy situations, two-wheeler drivers displayed higher anger in illegal and slow driving situations.

Conclusion:
Our study reports high anger among Indian drivers and indicate that road rage is multifactorial. Stringent checks must be placed as a prerequisite for acquiring a driving license and the devils of road rage must be curbed through intensive awareness campaigns specific to vehicle type, car-pool incentivization, and public participation.
Detection and Genotyping of Human Papillomavirus among HIV-Infected Women from Belagavi
Authors: Pala Vinay , Patil Chidanand , Nagmoti Mahantesh B. , Dalal Anita , Mane Arati 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the established cause of cervical cancer. There is sparse literature with regard to HPV infection from the southern Belagavi region of India. This study was aimed to detect the HPV genotype distribution, the associated risk factors, and relation with cervical precancerous lesions among HIV-infected women from Belagavi, India.

Materials and Methods:
In this prospective observational study, a total of 214 HIV-infected women aged 18–45 years were recruited. Cervical samples were subjected to the Roche Linear Array assay for HPV detection and genotyping. Cervical status was determined by composite assessment of cytology, colposcopy, and histology. Data were analyzed using Software R version 3.6.0.

Results:
Of the 197/214 women with the adequate cervical sample, 86 (43.6%) were HPV positive, and 111 (56.3%) were HPV negative cases. A total of 132 (69.1%) women had normal cervical status, 26 (13.6%) had CIN1 lesions, 1 (0.5%) had CIN2 lesions, and 12 (6.3%) had CIN3 lesions. Single HPV infection was detected in 47 (54.6%) women and multiple (≥2) HPV genotypes were detected in 39 (45.3%). The HPV genotypes detected in descending order of frequency were HPV 16, HPV 33, HPV 35, HPV 52, and HPV 58. Ever pregnant (parous) women were 4.47 more likely to have HPV infection.

Conclusion:
A high prevalence of HPV infection, with a wide diversity of HPV genotypes and a greater prevalence of HPV 16 among HIV-positive women from Belagavi, India, was observed. Parity was the independent factor associated with HPV detection.
Hematological Parameters as a Risk for Developing Metabolic Syndrome in the Adult Population of Kashmir (India)
Authors: Wazir Sumaira , Zargar Mohammad Afzal , Muzamil Muhammad , Rashid Fouzia 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim:
Various studies have reported an association of hematological parameters such as red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), white blood cell (WBC), and platelets with metabolic syndrome (MS) in many parts of the world. However, the association of these parameters with MS in terms of gender has not been elucidated particularly in the ethnic population of northern India. Thus, the study aimed at exploring the association of these hematological parameters with MS stratified by gender in the Kashmiri region of India.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 400 people were enrolled in this study consisting of 204 men and 196 women. MS was diagnosed by the International Diabetes Federation criteria. For statistical analysis, SPSS software and Pearson Partial coefficient analysis were used.

Results:
The prevalence of MS was (50.6% vs. 20.6%) in women and men. WBC and platelets were significantly increased in men with MS (P ≤ 0.05). RBC, Hb, HCT, and platelets were significantly increased in women with MS (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, in men, WBC and platelet count increased with the increasing number of MS components. Whereas, in women RBC, Hb, HCT, and platelet count increased with the increasing number of MS components (0, 1, 2, and ≥3).

Conclusion:
MS was more widespread in women than men than women. The association of hematological parameters differed between the genders. WBC and platelets were found to be the risk factors in men and RBC, Hb, HCT, and platelets were found to be the risk factors in women for MS. These hematological parameters could be used for assessing the risk of MS on the basis of gender.
Association between Phosphoglucomutase-1 Gene Y420H Polymorphism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Praveen Kumar K. S. , Kamarthy Prabhakar , Balakrishna Sharath , Manu M. S. , Ramaswamy Sureshkumar 
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim:
Phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the key step that links glycogen synthesis with glucose metabolism. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs11208257) is a functional variant in the PGM1 gene that codes for this enzyme. Impaired glycogen synthesis is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Whether this translates into an association between SNP rs11208257 and T2DM is not known. We evaluated the association between the PGM1 gene variant (Y420H; c. 1258 T > C; rs11208257) and T2DM.

Materials and Methods:
We carried out a case-control study by including 225 T2DM patients and 225 age and gender-matched healthy controls. SNP rs11208257 was genotyped by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.

Results:
Minor allele frequency was 45% in T2DM patients and 30% in healthy individuals (P = 1.4 × 10-2; Odds ratio = 1.6). The genetic model analysis showed the highest odds ratio for the additive effect of the risk allele.

Conclusions:
The results show that SNP rs11208257 in the PGM1 gene is associated with the risk of T2DM. This association underlines the importance of the glycogen pathway in the pathophysiology of T2DM.
Survival and 30-day hospital outcome in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019-infected patients in Upper Egypt
Authors: Hussein Aliae A.R.M. , Galal Islam , Mohamed Mohammed M.A.R. , Ibrahim Mohamed E.A.A. , Ahmed Shazly B. 
Published: May 2023

Background
Determining the clinical features and outcomes of patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is fundamental to improve the understanding and adequate management of the novel illness. This study aims to identify the determinants of survival and the outcome within 30 days in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection in Upper Egypt.

Patients and methods
A total of 1064 cases were consecutively admitted to isolation hospitals in Upper Egypt. All cases had confirmed COVID-19 infection. The electronic records of the patients were retrospectively revised and the demographic data, clinical manifestations, quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score on admission, and 30-day outcome (ICU admission, death, recovery, or still in hospital) were analyzed. Overall cumulative survival rates in all patients and those more than or less than 50 years were calculated.

Results
Overall, 49.2% of the study population were males, whereas 50.8% were females, with mean age of 49.4±17.8 years. On admission, 83.9% were stable with qSOFA score less than 1, 3% required noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and 2.1% required O2 therapy. Within 30 days, 203 (19.1%) cases required admission to ICU. Death was recorded in 11.7% of cases, 28.7% recovered, and 59.7% were still under treatment. Determinants of ICU admission and survival in the current study were age more than 50 years, qSOFA more than 1, and need for O2 therapy or noninvasive ventilation. The cumulative survival was 75.3%, with the mean survival of 28.1, and 95.2% overall survival rate was recorded in those aged less than or equal to 50 years.

Conclusions
Age older than 50 years old, those with preexisting diabetes mellitus, initial qSOFA score, requirement for O2 therapy, and noninvasive ventilation from the first day of hospital admission may be associated with unfavorable 30-day in-hospital outcome of COVID-19.
Role of capnography in detecting hypercapnic events during weaning from mechanical ventilation
Authors: Mansour Mona , Elmekawy Fatma A.M. , Diab Haytham S. 
Published: May 2023

Background
End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) measurement is more applied in clinical practice, as it is a noninvasive tool that helps to evaluate the ventilatory status of the patient. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between ETCO2 and arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2) measurements and to estimate the role of capnography during weaning off mechanical ventilation.

Patients and methods
A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 adult critically ill patients with respiratory failure, comprising 47 males and 13 females. They were put on mechanical ventilation, and after fulfilling criteria of weaning, they were kept on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mode for 1 h. ETCO2, PaCO2, and gradient were measured before and after weaning.

Results
Mean difference between PaCO2 and ETCO2 before weaning was 8.3 and after one hour on CPAP was 5.1. There was a highly statistically significant positive correlation between ETCO2 and PaCO2 before weaning and after 1 h on CPAP. Bland-Altman comparison between ETCO2 and PaCO2 before weaning and after 1 h on CPAP revealed limits of agreement were 1.941 to 14.826 and −4.134 to 14.367, respectively.

Conclusion
ETCO2 measurement gives a proper estimation of PaCO2 in patients on mechanical ventilation. ETCO2 decreases the need for repeated invasive arterial blood gas samples.
Optimal pressure in obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Galal Iman , Diab Haytham S. 
Published: May 2023

Background
The prescription of equation-based predicted pressure (Ppred) using mathematical equations has been proposed as a practical strategy for the determination of effective positive airway pressure (PAP). This study aimed at comparing the differences between therapeutic pressures obtained by auto-titrating positive airway pressure (APAP) and 10 predictive mathematical equations among Egyptian patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Patients and methods
A retrospective cross-sectional study included 25 PAP-naïve patients (23 males and two females) with polysomnographically confirmed OSA. The 95th percentile pressure (P95) of an APAP device during an attended successful titration study was selected as the effective reference PAP, against which PPred calculated from ten predictive equations was compared.

Results
Among the 25 patients included, four patients had mild, eight had moderate, whereas the remaining 13 patients had severe OSA. The mean P95 was higher than all predictive equations. A total of 24 (96%) of the 25 included patients experienced acceptable air leak during APAP titration. P95 correlated significantly and positively with pressures calculated by most of predictive equations except for those of equations 2, 6, and 7. Comparison between P95 and Ppred showed nonsignificant statistical difference for pressure calculated by Sériès equation, whereas Ppred of other equations were significantly lower than P95. Mean pressure difference between P95 and Ppred was around three in most of the equations with Sériès equation carrying the least mean pressure difference (0.7 cmH2O).

Conclusion
P95 is higher than Ppred, yet Sériès equation was the closest to P95. The utility of predictive equations for determining effective PAP level can serve a beneficial role during titration studies and can be used with caution as a practical alternative for PAP titration.