bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic study on the use of multifunctional nanodiamonds for neuritogenesis and super-resolution imaging
Authors: Kim Jaeheung , Kang Moon Sung , Jun Seung Won , Jo Hyo Jung , Han Dong-Wook , Kim Chang-Seok 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Regeneration of defective neurons in central nervous system is a highlighted issue for neurodegenerative disease treatment. Various tissue engineering approaches have focused on neuritogenesis to achieve the regeneration of damaged neuronal cells because damaged neurons often fail to achieve spontaneous restoration of neonatal neurites. Meanwhile, owing to the demand for a better diagnosis, studies of super-resolution imaging techniques in fluorescence microscopy have triggered the technological development to surpass the classical resolution dictated by the optical diffraction limit for precise observations of neuronal behaviors. Herein, the multifunctional nanodiamonds (NDs) as neuritogenesis promoters and super-resolution imaging probes were studied.

Methods
To investigate the neuritogenesis-inducing capability of NDs, ND-containing growing medium and differentiation medium were added to the HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells and incubated for 10 d. In vitro and ex vivo images were visualized through custom-built two-photon microscopy using NDs as imaging probes and the direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) process was performed for the super-resolution reconstruction owing to the photoblinking properties of NDs. Moreover, ex vivo imaging of the mouse brain was performed 24 h after the intravenous injection of NDs.

Results
NDs were endocytosed by the cells and promoted spontaneous neuritogenesis without any differentiation factors, where NDs exhibited no significant toxicity with their outstanding biocompatibility. The images of ND-endocytosed cells were reconstructed into super-resolution images through dSTORM, thereby addressing the problem of image distortion due to nano-sized particles, including size expansion and the challenge in distinguishing the nearby located particles. Furthermore, the ex vivo images of NDs in mouse brain confirmed that NDs could penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and retain their photoblinking property for dSTORM application.

Conclusions
It was demonstrated that the NDs are capable of dSTORM super-resolution imaging, neuritogenic facilitation, and BBB penetration, suggesting their remarkable potential in biological applications.

Graphical Abstract
Why life expectancy over-predicts crude death rate
Authors: Liang Haili , Guo Zhen , Tuljapurkar Shripad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLife expectancy is widely used and reported; for example, the UN Human Development Index uses life expectancy as a key component. But many users of period life expectancy do not understand and interpret life expectancy as demographers do. In particular, period life expectancy almost always over-predicts the crude death rate. Indeed, in most observed populations, the annual deaths recorded are always less than one may expect in the corresponding stationary population. To explain this over-prediction, in this paper we analyze how deviations from stationarity affect the crude death rate. We use theory to show that small deviations from the stationary age structure (as high as 20% at each age) always lead to over-prediction. Then we examine global data to show that over-prediction is widespread, occurring even in populations where the deviation from stationarity is large. Finally, we show that populations around the world and over many decades have age structures that are almost always far from stationary (or indeed, stability). But we also show that the deviation is often due to the demographic transition, with population bulges at the middle ages where mortality is low.
Impact of Artificial Intelligence System and Volumetric Density on Risk Prediction of Interval, Screen-Detected, and Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Vachon Celine M. , Scott Christopher G. , Norman Aaron D. , Khanani Sadia A. , Jensen Matthew R. , Hruska Carrie B. , Brandt Kathleen R. , Winham Stacey J. , Kerlikowske Karla 
Published: April 2023

PURPOSE Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms improve breast cancer detection on mammography, but their contribution to long-term risk prediction for advanced and interval cancers is unknown. METHODS We identified 2,412 women with invasive breast cancer and 4,995 controls matched on age, race, and date of mammogram, from two US mammography cohorts, who had two-dimensional full-field digital mammograms performed 2-5.5 years before cancer diagnosis. We assessed Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System density, an AI malignancy score (1-10), and volumetric density measures. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs), 95% CIs, adjusted for age and BMI, and C-statistics (AUC) to describe the association of AI score with invasive cancer and its contribution to models with breast density measures. Likelihood ratio tests (LRTs) and bootstrapping methods were used to compare model performance. RESULTS On mammograms between 2-5.5 years prior to cancer, a one unit increase in AI score was associated with 20% greater odds of invasive breast cancer (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.17 to 1.22; AUC, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.62 to 0.64) and was similarly predictive of interval (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.27; AUC, 0.63) and advanced cancers (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.16 to 1.31; AUC, 0.64) and in dense (OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.22; AUC, 0.66) breasts. AI score improved prediction of all cancer types in models with density measures ( PLRT values < .001); discrimination improved for advanced cancer (ie, AUC for dense volume increased from 0.624 to 0.679, Δ AUC 0.065, P = .01) but did not reach statistical significance for interval cancer. CONCLUSION AI imaging algorithms coupled with breast density independently contribute to long-term risk prediction of invasive breast cancers, in particular, advanced cancer.
Dose-Escalated Radiotherapy Alone or in Combination With Short-Term Androgen Deprivation for Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer: Results of a Phase III Multi-Institutional Trial
Authors: Krauss Daniel J. , Karrison Theodore , Martinez Alvaro A. , Morton Gerard , Yan Di , Bruner Deborah Watkins , Movsas Benjamin , Elshaikh Mohamed , Citrin Deborah , Hershatter Bruce , Michalski Jeff M. , Efstathiou Jason Alexander , Currey Adam , Kavadi Vivek S. , Cury Fabio L. , Lock Michael , Raben Adam , Seaward Samantha Andrews , El-Gayed Ali , Rodgers Joseph P. , Sandler Howard M. 
Published: April 2023

PURPOSEIt remains unknown whether or not short-term androgen deprivation (STAD) improves survival among men with intermediate-risk prostate cancer (IRPC) treated with dose-escalated radiotherapy (RT).METHODSThe NRG Oncology/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 0815 study randomly assigned 1,492 patients with stage T2b-T2c, Gleason score 7, or prostate-specific antigen (PSA) value >10 and ≤20 ng/mL to dose-escalated RT alone (arm 1) or with STAD (arm 2). STAD was 6 months of luteinizing hormone–releasing hormone agonist/antagonist therapy plus antiandrogen. RT modalities were external-beam RT alone to 79.2 Gy or external beam (45 Gy) with brachytherapy boost. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM), non-PCSM, distant metastases (DMs), PSA failure, and rates of salvage therapy.RESULTSMedian follow-up was 6.3 years. Two hundred nineteen deaths occurred, 119 in arm 1 and 100 in arm 2. Five-year OS estimates were 90% versus 91%, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.65 to 1.11]; P = .22). STAD resulted in reduced PSA failure (HR, 0.52; P <.001), DM (HR, 0.25; P <.001), PCSM (HR, 0.10; P = .007), and salvage therapy use (HR, 0.62; P = .025). Other-cause deaths were not significantly different ( P = .56). Acute grade ≥3 adverse events (AEs) occurred in 2% of patients in arm 1 and in 12% for arm 2 ( P <.001). Cumulative incidence of late grade ≥3 AEs was 14% in arm 1 and 15% in arm 2 ( P = .29).CONCLUSIONSTAD did not improve OS rates for men with IRPC treated with dose-escalated RT. Improvements in metastases rates, prostate cancer deaths, and PSA failures should be weighed against the risk of adverse events and the impact of STAD on quality of life.
Facial analytics based on a coordinate extrapolation system (zFACE) for morphometric phenotyping of developing zebrafish
Authors: Maili Lorena , Ruiz Oscar E. , Kahan Philip H. , Chiu Frankie , Larson Stephen T. , Hashmi S. Shahrukh , Hecht Jacqueline T. , Eisenhoffer George T. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Facial development requires a complex and coordinated series of cellular events that, when perturbed, can lead to structural birth defects. A quantitative approach to quickly assess morphological changes could address how genetic or environmental inputs lead to differences in facial shape and promote malformations. Here, we report on a method to rapidly analyze craniofacial development in zebrafish embryos using facial analytics based on a coordinate extrapolation system, termed zFACE. Confocal images capture facial structures and morphometric data are quantified based on anatomical landmarks present during development. The quantitative morphometric data can detect phenotypic variation and inform on changes in facial morphology. We applied this approach to show that loss of smarca4a in developing zebrafish leads to craniofacial anomalies, microcephaly and alterations in brain morphology. These changes are characteristic of Coffin–Siris syndrome, a rare human genetic disorder associated with mutations in SMARCA4. Multivariate analysis of zFACE data facilitated the classification of smarca4a mutants based on changes in specific phenotypic characteristics. Together, zFACE provides a way to rapidly and quantitatively assess the impact of genetic alterations on craniofacial development in zebrafish.
Isotoxic dose escalated radiotherapy for glioblastoma based on diffusion-weighted MRI and tumor control probability—an in-silico study
Authors: Pang Yaru , Kosmin Michael , Li Zhuangling , Deng Xiaonian , Li Zihuang , Li Xianming , Zhang Ying , Royle Gary , Manolopoulos Spyros 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with local recurrence after radiotherapy (RT), the most common mode of failure. Standard RT practice applies the prescription dose uniformly across tumor volume disregarding radiological tumor heterogeneity. We present a novel strategy using diffusion-weighted (DW-) MRI to calculate the cellular density within the gross tumor volume (GTV) in order to facilitate dose escalation to a biological target volume (BTV) to improve tumor control probability (TCP). Methods: The pre-treatment apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from DW-MRI of ten GBM patients treated with radical chemoradiotherapy were used to calculate the local cellular density based on published data. Then, a TCP model was used to calculate TCP maps from the derived cell density values. The dose was escalated using a simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) to the BTV, defined as the voxels for which the expected pre-boost TCP was in the lowest quartile of the TCP range for each patient. The SIB dose was chosen so that the TCP in the BTV increased to match the average TCP of the whole tumor. Results: By applying a SIB of between 3.60 Gy and 16.80 Gy isotoxically to the BTV, the cohort’s calculated TCP increased by a mean of 8.44% (ranging from 7.19 to 16.84%). The radiation dose to organ at risk is still under their tolerance. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that TCPs of GBM patients could be increased by escalating radiation doses to intratumoral locations guided by the patient’s biology (i.e., cellularity), moreover offering the possibility for personalized RT GBM treatments. Advances in knowledge: A personalized and voxel level SIB radiotherapy method for GBM is proposed using DW-MRI, which can increase the tumor control probability and maintain organ at risk dose constraints.
Radiomics method in the differential diagnosis of diabetic foot osteomyelitis and charcot neuroarthropathy
Authors: Cuce Ferhat , Tulum Gökalp , Yılmaz Kerim Bora , Osman Onur , Aralasmak Ayse 
Published: April 2023

Objectives Our study used a radiomics method to differentiate bone marrow signal abnormality (BMSA) between Charcot neuroarthropathy (CN) and osteomyelitis (OM). Methods and materials The records of 166 patients with diabetic foot suspected CN or OM between January 2020 and March 2022 were retrospectively examined. A total of 41 patients with BMSA on MRI were included in this study. The diagnosis of OM was confirmed histologically in 24 of 41 patients. We clinically followed 17 patients as CN with laboratory tests. We also included 29 nondiabetic patients with traumatic (TR) BMSA on MRI as the third group. Contours of all BMSA on T 2 - and T1 -weighted images in three patient groups were segmented semi-automatically on ManSeg (v.2.7d). The T1 and T2 features of three groups in radiomics were statistically evaluated. We applied the multi-class classification (MCC) and binary-class classification (BCC) methodologies to compare results. Results For MCC, the accuracy of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) was 76.92% and 84.38% for T1 and T2, respectively. According to BCC, for CN, OM, and TR BMSA, the sensitivity of MLP is 74%, 89.23%, and 76.19% for T1, and 90.57%, 85.92%, 86.81% for T2, respectively. For CN, OM, and TR BMSA, the specificity of MLP is 89.16%, 87.57%, and 90.72% for T1 and 93.55%, 89.94%, and 90.48% for T2 images, respectively. Conclusion In diabetic foot, the radiomics method can differentiate the BMSA of CN and OM with high accuracy. Advances in knowledge The radiomics method can differentiate the BMSA of CN and OM with high accuracy.
The effect of canal curvature on cyclic fatigue resistance of rotary instruments using different irrigation materials (in vitro study)
Authors: Alsunboli Mohammed Hamoudi , Ihsan Sally Saad Ali , Sabah Duha Qais 
Published: April 2023

Background: The mechanical qualities of Ni-Ti is crucial because they give the files their flexibility and enable us to prepare curved and double-curved canals with more ease. It happens frequently for instruments to separate during canal preparation, and cyclic fatigue (metal fatigue) is a frequent cause. This study aimed to assess how irrigation affected the two rotary endodontic instruments' cyclic fatigue resistance. Methods: The Edge File and Fanta File rotary endodontic instrument groups were chosen. Each group (n = 42) was split into 3 subgroups (n = 14 each), one receiving NaOH, one Glycine, and one EDTA treatment. The number of cycles to failure (NCF) was determined after each subgroup underwent testing for cyclic fatigue resistance. Results: The result appeared different significant between the two group and sub-group with the different materials that used with it with the length of fractures and time that recorded in each group. Conclusion: NaOCl, glycine, and EDTA as chemical materials appeared to have considerably varied cycle fatigue resistance for various lengths of fractures and durations, according to the comparison between the two evaluated instruments.
The impact of gender on differences in the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease: the staggering effects of social determinants seen highest in women
Authors: Ansari Mohammad , Arvandi Aliakbar , Iskandir Marina , Thomas Geoff , Pham Anthony , Naghian Ardalan , Pollina Cole , Bruccoliere Anthony , Rutayomba Elwin , Daley Steven , Acosta Victoria , Kelly Lewis , Goel Kanishk , Santana Dixon , Griswold John , Shurmur Scott , Berk Steven 
Published: April 2023

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis, affecting primarily the peripheral vasculature in the lower extremities. In its terminal form, PAD can result in critical limb ischemia with subsequent amputation if inappropriately managed. As the prevalence of PAD continues to rise in the United States, disparities in its incidence and treatment have become a major focus point of cardiovascular research. However, most research efforts thus far have focused on the presentation and treatment of PAD in men. Given that women appear to be just as affected by PAD as men, more emphasis is needed on understanding the disparities and challenges affecting women with PAD. This paper aims to identify disparities in the treatment of PAD between males and females, with a closer look at gender disparities between Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients.

Keywords: Peripheral arterial disease, women, Hispanics, disparities
Consumer Time Budgets and Grocery Shopping Behavior
Authors: Bronnenberg Bart J. , Klein Tobias J. , Xu Yan 
Published: April 2023

We study whether and how the availability of incremental time associated with retirement and unemployment affects the types of products households buy. For this, we develop a new theoretical model of the composition and size of the grocery shopping basket subject to money and time constraints. We construct a novel household panel data set that combines purchase records for grocery goods with information on labor market status and other demographics. We use the data to document that, in line with predictions from the model, consumers buy more varieties and generally shift their spending into products that take more time to turn them into consumption experiences. This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing. Funding: B. J. Bronnenberg and Y. Xu acknowledge financial support from the Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO) under a Vici grant. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4763 .
Preface to the Special Issue on Behavioral Queueing Science: The Need for a Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Ingolfsson Armann , Mandelbaum Avishai , Schultz Kenneth , Yom-Tov Galit B. 
Published: April 2023

Preface to the Special Issue on Behavioral Queueing Science: The Need for a Multidisciplinary ApproachModern service systems are economically important but operationally complex. In “Preface to the Special Issue on Behavioral Queueing Science: The Need for a Multidisciplinary Approach,” Ingolfsson, Mandelbaum, Schultz, and Yom-Tov discuss how this special issue advances the scientific study of queues in services systems by acknowledging the central role of human behavior. Behavioral queueing science requires a multidisciplinary approach, using tools that include mathematical modelling, lab experiments and field studies. Each discipline has strengths and weaknesses, but together they have complementing goals, and jointly they give rise to a scientific paradigm for behavioral queues. Cross-disciplinary work is challenging but necessary. The eleven papers in our special issue show how this can be done successfully while setting an example for future work.
Exploring Communication Ability in Individuals With Angelman Syndrome: Findings From Qualitative Interviews With Caregivers
Authors: Zigler Christina K. , Lucas Nicole , McFatrich Molly , Gordon Kelly L. , Jones Harrison N. , Berent Allyson , Panagoulias Jennifer , Evans Paula , Reeve Bryce B. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Communication deficits have a substantial impact on quality of life for individuals with Angelman syndrome (AS) and their families, but limited qualitative work exists to support the necessary content of measures aiming to assess communication for these individuals. Following best practices for concept elicitation studies, we conducted individual qualitative interviews with caregivers and clinicians to elicit meaningful aspects of communication for individuals with AS. Caregivers were able to discuss their child's specific communication behaviors within a large number of expressive, receptive, and pragmatic functions via numerous symbolic and non-symbolic modalities. These results aligned well with published literature on communication in AS and will be used to inform the design of a novel caregiver-reported measure. Future studies on communication in individuals with AS should focus on gathering quantitative data from large samples of diverse caregivers, which would allow for estimations of the frequency of specific behaviors across the population.
Ultra-compact on-chip meta-waveguide phase modulator based on split ring magnetic resonance
Authors: Xiong Jianfeng , Chen Ming , Liu Jinbiao , Wu Ziyong , Teng Chuanxin , Deng Shijie , Liu Houquan , Qu Shiliang , Yuan Libo , Cheng Yu 
Published: April 2023

With the development of photonic integration technology, meta-waveguides have become a new research hotspot. They have broken through the theoretical diffraction limit by virtue of the strong electromagnetic manipulation ability of the metasurface and the strong electromagnetic field limitation and guidance ability of the waveguide. However, the reported meta-waveguides lack research on dynamic modulation. Therefore, we analyze the modulation effect of the metasurface on the optical field in the waveguide and design an ultra-compact on-chip meta-waveguide phase modulator using split ring magnetic resonance. It has a very short modulation length of only 3.65 µm, wide modulation bandwidth of 116.8 GHz, and low energy consumption of 263.49 fJ/bit. By optimizing the structure, the energy consumption can be further reduced to 90.69 fJ/bit. Meta-waveguides provide a promising method for the design of integrated photonic devices.
Fusing an agent-based model of mosquito population dynamics with a statistical reconstruction of spatio-temporal abundance patterns
Authors: Cavany Sean M. , España Guido , Lloyd Alun L. , Vazquez-Prokopec Gonzalo M. , Astete Helvio , Waller Lance A. , Kitron Uriel , Scott Thomas W. , Morrison Amy C. , Reiner Robert C. , Perkins T. Alex 
Published: April 2023

The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the vector of a number of medically-important viruses, including dengue virus, yellow fever virus, chikungunya virus, and Zika virus, and as such vector control is a key approach to managing the diseases they cause. Understanding the impact of vector control on these diseases is aided by first understanding its impact on Ae. aegypti population dynamics. A number of detail-rich models have been developed to couple the dynamics of the immature and adult stages of Ae. aegypti. The numerous assumptions of these models enable them to realistically characterize impacts of mosquito control, but they also constrain the ability of such models to reproduce empirical patterns that do not conform to the models’ behavior. In contrast, statistical models afford sufficient flexibility to extract nuanced signals from noisy data, yet they have limited ability to make predictions about impacts of mosquito control on disease caused by pathogens that the mosquitoes transmit without extensive data on mosquitoes and disease.
Here, we demonstrate how the differing strengths of mechanistic realism and statistical flexibility can be fused into a single model. Our analysis utilizes data from 176,352 household-level Ae. aegypti aspirator collections conducted during 1999–2011 in Iquitos, Peru. The key step in our approach is to calibrate a single parameter of the model to spatio-temporal abundance patterns predicted by a generalized additive model (GAM). In effect, this calibrated parameter absorbs residual variation in the abundance time-series not captured by other features of the mechanistic model. We then used this calibrated parameter and the literature-derived parameters in the agent-based model to explore Ae. aegypti population dynamics and the impact of insecticide spraying to kill adult mosquitoes.
The baseline abundance predicted by the agent-based model closely matched that predicted by the GAM. Following spraying, the agent-based model predicted that mosquito abundance rebounds within about two months, commensurate with recent experimental data from Iquitos. Our approach was able to accurately reproduce abundance patterns in Iquitos and produce a realistic response to adulticide spraying, while retaining sufficient flexibility to be applied across a range of settings.