bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
S.T.O.N.E. Score in Prediction of Stone Clearance in PCNL
Authors: Raj K.c Sudeep , Timilsina Bhusan Raj , Kumar Kushwaha Dipesh , Giri Saroj 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Background
S.T.O.N.E. score has been considered as standard scoring system for prediction of complication and to state the clearance of the stone. The objective of this research is to find out STONE score in predicting percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) success in stone free rate.
Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted in the department of urology in College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital. Seventy five case of patient who underwent PCNL were included in the study and S.T.O.N.E. score was gathered like stone size, tract length (skin-to-stone distance), degree of obstruction (presence of hydronephrosis), number of involved calyces and stone essence (stone density). Collected data was entered and analyzed using SPSS.
Results
Among the total of 75 patients 40% (with 95% CI as 28.91% to 51.08%) had residual stone while remaining had no residual stone. 90.7% patients had 0-399 mm stone size, 97.3% had less than 100 mm tract length and likewise 29.3% had moderate to severe dilatation. Majority (68%) had 2-3 calyces involment and 72% had more than 950 HU stone density.
Conclusion
S.T.O.N.E. nephrolithometry is highly predictive of stone free status in patients undergoing PCNL and provides a quick, easy-to-apply method for grading the complexity of PCNL
Optical and structural properties of graphene oxide-incorporated polyvinylpyrrolidone/copper ternary nanocomposites (PVP/Cu/GO) films
Authors: Agobi Augustine , Ikeuba Alexander , Ekpunobi Azubike , IKhioya Imosobome Lucky , Udofia Kuffre Imoh , Ntibi Joseph Effiom-Edem , Ozoemena Chiaghanam Ndubuisi , Abua M. A. 
Published: May 2023

Novel ternary nanocomposite films based on polyvinylpyrrolidone copper nanoparticles graphene oxide (PVP/Cu/GO) were prepared using electrochemical deposition technique on Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate. This facile and effective approach has been proven to be very useful for the fabrication of inexpensive, high-performance electrochemical devices. To achieve uniform deposition of the nanocomposite films, the three components of the nanocomposites were mixed under controlled conditions. The impact of different GO loading on the PVP/Cu/GO composites was measured using UV–visible spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, SEM, EDX, and four-point probe techniques to evaluate their optical, structural, morphological, compositional, and electrical properties, respectively. UV-visible analysis shows that the optical band gap (Eg) of the nanocomposite decreased from 3.51 to 2.02 eV with increasing GO loading. All of the nanocomposites showed UV absorbance of ≈450 nm. According to the XRD results, the GO materials were very well dispersed in the PVP/Cu/GO composites, while also revealing the crystalline nature of the nanocomposites. The SEM results revealed spherical-shaped grains of the deposited films, while the EDX results revealed the major elements deposited. Four-point probe analysis of the nanocomposites revealed slight increase in conductivity with low GO content, thus confirming the semiconducting properties of the nanocomposites with the GO content. The obtained results herein shows that the PVP/Cu/GO nanocomposites are successfully synthesized with attractive physiochemical properties suitable for the fabrication of organic electronic devices and photovoltaic devices.
Effect of transverse magnetic field on dose distributions of yttrium 90 skin patch source
Authors: Epik Hakan 
Published: May 2023

The total dose absorbed on the tumor cell from the skin patch sources used in clinical superficial brachytherapy should be limited within the target tumor volume in order to minimize the potential side effects. Average range of the beta particles within tissue may exceed the thickness of a superficial skin tumor beyond the target tumor volume, causing side effects by damaging the deeper located healthy tissue and the bone underneath the tumor. It is desired to minimize the possible side effects by selecting a short-range radionuclide. Administering the treatment under an external magnetic field is another option for reducing side effects. To achieve this, in this study, the percentage deep dose (PDD) and transverse dose profile (TDP) distributions of the skin patch source labeled with Yttrium 90 (90Y) using the GEANT4-based GAMOS Monte Carlo code were examined before and after applying magnetic field, and it was evaluated whether it was possible to limit the dose within a certain volume or not.
Simulation results showed that, along with the application of a transverse magnetic field, the dose values increased by 7.2% and 3.1% respectively at 0.25 mm and 1.0 mm depths whereas it decreased by 9.4%, 25.0%, 41.8% and 57.6%, at 2.0 mm, 3.0 mm, 4.0 mm and 5.0 mm depths respectively on the central axis from the surface of the tissue phantom with respect to the 0 T values of the field. In case of a superficial skin tumor with a thickness of 3.0 mm from the skin surface, the amount of dose accumulated in the tumor volume for 0 T value of the transverse magnetic field was 89% of the total dose, while it increased to 98% at the intensity of 1.5 T, and the dose received by the healthy tissue under the tumor decreased by 10.1%.
Impact of AlN interlayer on the electronic and I-V characteristics of In0.17Al0.83N/GaN HEMTs devices
Authors: Douara Abdelmalek , Rabehi Abdelaziz , Baitiche Oussama 
Published: May 2023

Here, we study a simulation model of In0.17Al0.83N/GaN passivated high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) on SiC substrate. The research focused systematically on the effet of AlN interlayer on the electronic and electric characteristics using the Nextnano simulation software. The 2D–electron gas density of In0.17Al0.83N/AlN/GaN HEMTs is investigated through the dependence on various AlN layer thickness, we report calculations of I-V characteristics, with 1.5 nm AlN thickness, we find the highest maximum output current of 1.81 A/mm at Vgs 1 V, and more than 450 mS/mm as a transconductance peak. The Results are in agreement with experimental data.
IMPROVING STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION ON LEARNING ENGLISH THROUGH STUDENT TEAMS-ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS METHOD
Authors: Kurniawan Despita 
Published: May 2023

The objectives of the research were to identify and to what extent STAD method can improve students’ learning English motivation, and to describe strength and weakness of implementing STAD in this research. This research is a classroom action research. In collecting the data, the researcher used questionnaire, observation, interview and tests. The researcher conducted the tests and questionnaires before research (pre-test) and after implementing the method (post-test 1 and 2). The mean score of each test and questionnaire were compared to know the students improvements in motivation and reading skill. The research finding showed that the motivation of students improved in every cycle. The improvement of students’ motivation can be seen from the improvement of mean score of questionnaire (60. 72) before action, in cycle 1 62.03, and cycle 2 63.03. Besides, the reading skill of the students also improved. The improvement can be seen from the improvement of mean score of pre-test (59.75), post test of cycle 1 69.25, and post test of cycle 2 74.38. The researcher also found strength and weakness of this method.
ANALYSIS OF EXPERIENCES TEXT RELATIONSHIP (ETR) METHOD IN THE JOURNAL ARTICLE
Authors: Erawati Lesi , Triyogo Agus , Yulfi Yulfi 
Published: May 2023

Reading was an activity of seeing, observing a series of written symbols and understanding the information contained in a paragraph. Reading be important skill that must be mastery by students. The aimed of the research were to describe the students’ problem in learning Reading Comprehension and to describe Experiment-Text-Relationship (ETR) method play a role in improving students' reading comprehension. This research designed in qualitative method that focused in library research. The subject in this research was seven articles that published in the journals. In collecting the data, the writer reding research article in ETR and in analyzing the data, the writer identifying and classifiying. The results showed : students had less spirit in following the lesson and they confuse about understanding part of the reading skills. After used Experiment-Text-Relationship (ETR) method, students’ score were increase ftom the post test data. It can be concluding that Experiment-Text-Relationship (ETR) method as solution in teaching reading comprehension.
ANALISIS PROFIL LABORATORIUM KIMIA SEKOLAH DAN AKTIVITAS PRAKTIKUM KIMIA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS NEGERI KABUPATEN LEBAK
Authors: Kisdiono Toyib Febri , Erwinsyah Erwinsyah , Virgana Virgana 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) Mendeskripsikan profil laboratorium kimia sekolah di SMAN Kabupaten Lebak (2) Mendeskripsikan profil aktivitas praktikum kimia di SMAN Kabupaten Lebak dan (3) Menganalisis hubungan profil laboratorium kimia dengan aktivitas praktikum kimia di SMAN Kabupaten Lebak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah SMAN di Kabupaten Lebak sebanyak 42 sekolah dengan sampel penelitian sebanyak 6 sekolah dengan teknik pengambilan sampel adalah stratified random sampling. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar ceklis observasi dan pedoman wawancara. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis data hasil penelitian menggunakan statistika deskriptif dan statistika inferensial. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji korelasi rank spearmen dengan menggunakan SPSS for windows 24. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa (1) Profil laboratorium kimia sekolah di SMAN Kabupaten Lebak tergolong kategori kurang memenuhi standar dengan persentase 39,8%, (2) Profil aktivitas praktikum kimia di SMAN Kabupaten Lebak tergolong kategori cukup memenuhi standar dengan persentase 48% (3) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan profil laboratorium kimia dengan aktivitas praktikum yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai sig. 0,008 < 0,05 dan koefisien korelasi bernilai positif sebesar 0,928 dengan kriteria sangat tinggi.
A Parallax Reality
Authors: Hansen Ira 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Engaging with the US author Paul Auster's fiction, the article explores how the stories his characters tell, in order to survive traumatic experiences, move them across their urban landscapes. Focusing on Auster's Moon Palace (1989) and In the Country of Last Things (1987), the article shows how the mobility of the main characters’ stories opens a parallax view, which reveals the past as an integral part of the experience of the present moment and the negotiation of trauma.
The potential of endophytic bacteria isolated from atung fruit seeds as antibacterial against skin pathogens
Authors: Yunita Melda , Mantong Adelia , Rahawarin Halidah 
Published: May 2023

Antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest threats to global health today. Estimated by 2050, antibiotic resistance will cause around 10 million deaths per year if alternative treatments have not been identified. This study was aimed to determine the potential of endophytic bacterial isolates from the seeds of atung fruit (Parinarium glaberrimum Hassk) as an antibacterial against skin pathogens Cutibacterium acnes and MDR Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis. This research was a descriptive observational research with laboratory experimental methods. This study used isolates of endophytic bacteria isolated from the seeds of atung fruit which were tested with pathogenic bacteria. The results showed that 2 of 7 endophytic bacterial isolates were able to inhibit the growth of C. acnes with clear zone diameter of 4 mm and 9 mm, respectively, yet couldn’t able to inhibit MDR S. aureus and S. epidermidis. This study concluded that the 2 isolates (isolate BBA5 and BBA9) could have potential as antibacterial against C. acnes. While 5 other isolates had not been able to inhibit the whole pathogenic bacteria tested. An optimization is necessary in an effort to develop these isolates as antibacterial.
Hyperbolic Einstein: Towards Tachyonic Relativity
Authors: Bhattacharjee Deep , Roy Sanjeevan Singha , Sadhu Riddhima 
Published: May 2023

_General Theory of Relativity can be thought to violate the speed of light in a faster than light travel provided it follows a 5-tuple hyperbolic generator _\(\left(\alpha,\beta,\gamma,\xi,\mu\right)\subset\eta^k\)_ where there is General Relativity as we had known for _\(k=0\)_ and Tachyonic Relativity for _\(k=1\)
Development and Validation of RP-HPLC Method of Lafutidine (API)
Authors: Deshmukh Mr. Vikram Tanaji , Pati Dr. Jagdish Chandra 
Published: May 2023

The goal of this study is to develop and validate an RP HPLC technique for estimating Lafutidine in bulk form. A thorough review of the literature found that there are ways available, but none of them are as straightforward, specific, exact, or accurate as the established approach for estimating Lafutidine. The chromatographic method was found to be suitable for effective separation of Lafutidine with good resolution, peak shape. The mobile phase composed of 0.1M ammonium acetate buffer (pH 7.5): Methanol (80:20 v/v), at a flow rate of 1.4 ml/min was selected as it gave well resolved peaks of standard Lafutidine. The optimum wavelength 290nm selected for detection and quantitation. According to ICH criteria, the devised approach was validated.
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Not Seen, Not Heard: Gender Representation on Canadian Television News during the Leadup to the 2011 Federal Election
Authors: Barber Marsha , Levitan Julia 
Published: May 2023

<p>The findings suggest that a significant majority of clips came from men. On average, women account for less than one fifth of the interview clips. Women are sometimes used as non-experts, and interviewed when an opinion is solicited from an “average” person on the street. However, when expert opinion is sought, women are interviewed less often than men. In addition, when partisan opinion is solicited, women are rarely consulted. Interestingly, there is no correlation between whether the reporter is male or female. Female reporters are as likely to interview male experts, as male reporters are to use male interview subjects. This dearth of women on the air is important. Those given air time during events such as elections have the opportunity to influence national discourse. In addition, the priorities and observations of those interviewed have the potential to influence political campaigns. Traditional women’s issues, such as childcare, may be seen to carry less weight with the population at large if few women are given a forum where they might express their opinions. This paper presents the research findings and explores the implications for journalism school students and the public at large.</p>
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<p class="MsoTitle"><span lang="EN-GB">Meta-participation in multistakeholder mechanisms: Peruvian civil society and the free trade agreement with the EU</span></p>
Authors: Potjomkina Diana 
Published: May 2023

This paper elaborates on the relatively unknown concept of meta-participation: stakeholders’ attempts to reorganize the way in which their participation in decision-making is organized. It also applies these conceptual insights to an empirical study of Peruvian civil society. Relying on primary documents and interviews with stakeholders, the article analyzes meta-participation in the framework of Peru’s Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the European Union, showing why and how Peruvian civil society has sought to improve the way in which the participation opportunities offered in the framework of the FTA have been implemented. The article has been developed in an abductive manner, with conceptual and empirical insights building on each other. Finally, the article also discusses the limitations of these meta-participatory activities.
Resumen: Metaparticipación en mecanismos multilaterales: La sociedad civil peruana y el Tratado de Libre Comercio con la Unión Europea
El artículo elabora el relativamente desconocido concepto de metaparticipación: Los intentos de las partes interesadas en reorganizar el modo en el que se organiza su participación en la toma de decisiones. Asimismo, aplica estas perspectivas conceptuales a un estudio empírico de la sociedad civil peruana. Basándose en documentos primarios y entrevistas con las partes interesadas, el artículo analiza la metaparticipación en el marco del Tratado de Libre Comercio (TLC) de Perú con la Unión Europea y muestra por qué y cómo la sociedad civil ha intentado mejorar la implementación de los espacios de consulta proporcionados en el marco del TLC. El articulo ha sido desarrollado de manera abductiva, en la que las ideas teoréticas y empíricas se refuerzan unas a otras. Finalmente, el articulo también analiza los límites de estas actividades metaparticipativas.
EVALUATION OF SERUM INTERLEUKINS 1 AND 10 IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS SUBJECTS IN BENIN CITY
Authors: Digban Awharentomah  Kester , Adu Matthew Eturhobore , Adenuga Mary Abiodun 
Published: May 2023

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic and endocrinological disease that results in hyperglycemia as a result of either insulin absence or non-responsiveness of insulin receptors. Interleukins have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. This study sought to evaluate serum interleukin-1 and 10 in diabetes mellitus. A total of three hundred subjects comprising of one hundred and eighty diabetes mellitus and one hundred and twenty apparently healthy subjects were recruited. Of the one hundred and eighty diabetes mellitus is made of 41.67% male and 58.33% females. Venous blood samples were collected into fluoride oxalate and plain containers and allowed to clot and the serum harvested. Glucose, IL-1 and IL-10 were estimated using standard methods. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) Chicago, USA, version 21 was used for data analysis. Our results show that IL-1 was significantly higher while IL-10 was observed to be significantly lower in diabetes mellitus when compared with apparently healthy subjects. It was observed that interleukin -1 and interleukin -10 were positively associated when correlated. Conclusively, interleukins are important in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and should be evaluated for proper understanding of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Antibiogram of Isolates Among Diabetic Patients in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Inyang-Etoh Paul , Etefia Etefia , Ejiofor Sonia 
Published: May 2023

Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the presence of bacteria in the urine of an individual without any symptom of urinary tract infection. This has been widely observed in diabetic patients and could be detrimental to their health if not effectively managed. This study was to identify the pathogens associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria among patients with diabetes and the antibiogram of those isolates in Calabar. Blood samples were collected for the determination of fasting blood sugar levels using glucometer. Bacterial isolations were done through urine culture and antibiogram were tested in all urine samples of the diabetic patients in this study. The prevalence of bacteriuria in this study was 26.0%. Participants aged, 41-50 years were highest both in blood sugar level (12.3+/-4.38mmol/L) and infection rate (37.5%, 18/48). Females had lower blood sugar (10.9+/-3.370mmol/L) than the males (11.3+/-4.46mmol/L) while the males had less infection rate (22.4%, 22/98) than the females (29.4%, 30/102). Escherichia coli, 46.2% (24/52) had the highest distribution while Proteus spp. 11.5% (6/52) had the least distribution. Ciprofloxacin was the most sensitivity (100%) while Amoxicillin was the most resistant (38%). There was a high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in this study. The most commonly observed organisms were Escherichia coli. Ciprofloxacin was the most sensitive antibiotics and there was a widespread antibiotic resistance in this study. It is therefore recommended that screening among diabetic patients for urinary tract infections, sensitization and strategies to promote effective drug usage be encouraged.
Lycopene Improves the Metformin Effects on Blood Glucose and Neutrophil Counts in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
Authors: Sianturi Medina , Susilaningsih Neni , Nugroho Heri , Suryani Maria 
Published: May 2023

In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), both innate and acquired immunity are weakened by hyperglycemia. Lycopene is one of the hydrocarbon carotenoids that has been widely studied for its powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, furthermore act as hypoglycemic and immunomodulator. Herein, we investigated the effect of lycopene and metformin combination on fasting blood glucose (FBG) and neutrophil counts. The rats were divided randomly into six groups, each containing five rats. Group 1 consisted of normal rats (N) and group 2, T2DM (DM) rats, which were administered 0.5 mL of coconut oil; group 3 T2DM rats were administered 250 mg/kg of metformin in 0.5 mL of coconut oil; groups 4,5 and 6 rats were administered a combination of metformin 250 mg/kg with 10 mg/kg (DML-10), 20 mg/kg (DML-20) and 40 mg/kg (DML-40) of lycopene in 0.5 mL of coconut oil, respectively. Treatment was administered every day for 28 days. A model of T2DM rats was induced by a high-fat diet for two weeks combined with streptozotocin–nicotinamide. Data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA test followed by the least significant difference (LSD) test. There were significant differences in FBG levels and the number of neutrophils in all groups. Lycopene combined with metformin had lower FBG concentrations and higher neutrophil counts compared to metformin monotherapy (p<0.001), and these observations were dose-dependent. Lycopene combined with metformin can improve blood glucose and neutrophil counts in rats with diabetes. The highest effect was observed in combination with lycopene at a dose of 40 mg/kg and metformin at a dose of 250 mg/kg.