bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-dose aciclovir in CMV infection prophylaxis after allogeneic HSCT: a single-center long-term experience
Authors: Kabut Tomáš , Weinbergerová Barbora , Folber František , Lengerová Martina , Mayer Jiří 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is only limited data on cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis with high-dose (HD) aciclovir after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). We performed a retrospective analysis on a total of 179 patients who underwent their allo-HSCT with HD-aciclovir prophylaxis at our center. A clinically significant CMV infection (cs-CMVi) was observed in 56 (31%) cases with a median time of 49 (range 25–147) days after HSCT. A significantly higher CMV infection rate was observed in seropositive recipients with a seronegative donor (74%) compared to seropositive recipients with a seropositive donor, and seronegative recipients with seropositive and seronegative donors (24%, 18%, 7% respectively;p < 0.001). The CMV serostatus was the only significant risk factor for CMV infection in our analysis. CMV disease developed in three patients with CMV-related death in two cases. During HD-aciclovir prophylaxis, we did not observe any medical condition attributable to HD-aciclovir’s adverse effects. Compared to published results, we observed a low incidence of cs-CMVi with HD-aciclovir prophylaxis in several patient subgroups, especially in seropositive recipients with a seropositive donor. With respect to the determined threshold, HD-aciclovir prophylaxis seems to have good efficacy in an intermediate cs-CMVi risk patients, but prospective randomized trials would be needed for definite conclusions.
A novel recombination protein C12ORF40/REDIC1 is required for meiotic crossover formation
Authors: Fan Suixing , Wang Yuewen , Jiang Hanwei , Jiang Xiaohua , Zhou Jianteng , Jiao Yuying , Ye Jingwei , Xu Zishuo , Wang Yue , Xie Xuefeng , Zhang Huan , Li Yang , Liu Wei , Zhang Xiangjun , Ma Hui , Shi Baolu , Zhang Yuanwei , Zubair Muhammad , Shah Wasim , Xu Zhipeng , Xu Bo , Shi Qinghua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDuring meiosis, at least one crossover must occur per homologous chromosome pair to ensure normal progression of meiotic division and accurate chromosome segregation. However, the mechanism of crossover formation is not fully understood. Here, we report a novel recombination protein, C12ORF40/REDIC1, essential for meiotic crossover formation in mammals. A homozygous frameshift mutation in C12orf40 (c.232_233insTT, p.Met78Ilefs*2) was identified in two infertile men with meiotic arrest. Spread mouse spermatocyte fluorescence immunostaining showed that REDIC1 forms discrete foci between the paired regions of homologous chromosomes depending on strand invasion and colocalizes with MSH4 and later with MLH1 at the crossover sites. Redic1 knock-in (KI) mice homozygous for mutation c.232_233insTT are infertile in both sexes due to insufficient crossovers and consequent meiotic arrest, which is also observed in our patients. The foci of MSH4 and TEX11, markers of recombination intermediates, are significantly reduced numerically in the spermatocytes of Redic1 KI mice. More importantly, our biochemical results show that the N-terminus of REDIC1 binds branched DNAs present in recombination intermediates, while the identified mutation impairs this interaction. Thus, our findings reveal a crucial role for C12ORF40/REDIC1 in meiotic crossover formation by stabilizing the recombination intermediates, providing prospective molecular targets for the clinical diagnosis and therapy of infertility.
An analog-AI chip for energy-efficient speech recognition and transcription
Authors: Ambrogio S. , Narayanan P. , Okazaki A. , Fasoli A. , Mackin C. , Hosokawa K. , Nomura A. , Yasuda T. , Chen A. , Friz A. , Ishii M. , Luquin J. , Kohda Y. , Saulnier N. , Brew K. , Choi S. , Ok I. , Philip T. , Chan V. , Silvestre C. , Ahsan I. , Narayanan V. , Tsai H. , Burr G. W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractModels of artificial intelligence (AI) that have billions of parameters can achieve high accuracy across a range of tasks1,2, but they exacerbate the poor energy efficiency of conventional general-purpose processors, such as graphics processing units or central processing units. Analog in-memory computing (analog-AI)3–7 can provide better energy efficiency by performing matrix–vector multiplications in parallel on ‘memory tiles’. However, analog-AI has yet to demonstrate software-equivalent (SWeq) accuracy on models that require many such tiles and efficient communication of neural-network activations between the tiles. Here we present an analog-AI chip that combines 35 million phase-change memory devices across 34 tiles, massively parallel inter-tile communication and analog, low-power peripheral circuitry that can achieve up to 12.4 tera-operations per second per watt (TOPS/W) chip-sustained performance. We demonstrate fully end-to-end SWeq accuracy for a small keyword-spotting network and near-SWeq accuracy on the much larger MLPerf8 recurrent neural-network transducer (RNNT), with more than 45 million weights mapped onto more than 140 million phase-change memory devices across five chips.
A high-performance speech neuroprosthesis
Authors: Willett Francis R. , Kunz Erin M. , Fan Chaofei , Avansino Donald T. , Wilson Guy H. , Choi Eun Young , Kamdar Foram , Glasser Matthew F. , Hochberg Leigh R. , Druckmann Shaul , Shenoy Krishna V. , Henderson Jaimie M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpeech brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) have the potential to restore rapid communication to people with paralysis by decoding neural activity evoked by attempted speech into text1,2 or sound3,4. Early demonstrations, although promising, have not yet achieved accuracies sufficiently high for communication of unconstrained sentences from a large vocabulary1–7. Here we demonstrate a speech-to-text BCI that records spiking activity from intracortical microelectrode arrays. Enabled by these high-resolution recordings, our study participant—who can no longer speak intelligibly owing to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis—achieved a 9.1% word error rate on a 50-word vocabulary (2.7 times fewer errors than the previous state-of-the-art speech BCI2) and a 23.8% word error rate on a 125,000-word vocabulary (the first successful demonstration, to our knowledge, of large-vocabulary decoding). Our participant’s attempted speech was decoded at 62 words per minute, which is 3.4 times as fast as the previous record8 and begins to approach the speed of natural conversation (160 words per minute9). Finally, we highlight two aspects of the neural code for speech that are encouraging for speech BCIs: spatially intermixed tuning to speech articulators that makes accurate decoding possible from only a small region of cortex, and a detailed articulatory representation of phonemes that persists years after paralysis. These results show a feasible path forward for restoring rapid communication to people with paralysis who can no longer speak.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of Korean native cattle and pangenome graph of 14 Bos taurus assemblies
Authors: Jang Jisung , Jung Jaehoon , Lee Young Ho , Lee Sanghyun , Baik Myunggi , Kim Heebal 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study presents the first chromosome-level genome assembly of Hanwoo, an indigenous Korean breed of Bos taurus taurus. This is the first genome assembly of Asian taurus breed. Also, we constructed a pangenome graph of 14 B. taurus genome assemblies. The contig N50 was over 55 Mb, the scaffold N50 was over 89 Mb and a genome completeness of 95.8%, as estimated by BUSCO using the mammalian set, indicated a high-quality assembly. 48.7% of the genome comprised various repetitive elements, including DNAs, tandem repeats, long interspersed nuclear elements, and simple repeats. A total of 27,314 protein-coding genes were identified, including 25,302 proteins with inferred gene names and 2,012 unknown proteins. The pangenome graph of 14 B. taurus autosomes revealed 528.47 Mb non-reference regions in total and 61.87 Mb Hanwoo-specific regions. Our Hanwoo assembly and pangenome graph provide valuable resources for studying B. taurus populations.
Machine learning-ready remote sensing data for Maya archaeology
Authors: Kokalj Žiga , Džeroski Sašo , Šprajc Ivan , Štajdohar Jasmina , Draksler Andrej , Somrak Maja 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn our study, we set out to collect a multimodal annotated dataset for remote sensing of Maya archaeology, that is suitable for deep learning. The dataset covers the area around Chactún, one of the largest ancient Maya urban centres in the central Yucatán Peninsula. The dataset includes five types of data records: raster visualisations and canopy height model from airborne laser scanning (ALS) data, Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 satellite data, and manual data annotations. The manual annotations (used as binary masks) represent three different types of ancient Maya structures (class labels: buildings, platforms, and aguadas – artificial reservoirs) within the study area, their exact locations, and boundaries. The dataset is ready for use with machine learning, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for object recognition, object localization (detection), and semantic segmentation. We would like to provide this dataset to help more research teams develop their own computer vision models for investigations of Maya archaeology or improve existing ones.
A large-scale fMRI dataset for the visual processing of naturalistic scenes
Authors: Gong Zhengxin , Zhou Ming , Dai Yuxuan , Wen Yushan , Liu Youyi , Zhen Zonglei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne ultimate goal of visual neuroscience is to understand how the brain processes visual stimuli encountered in the natural environment. Achieving this goal requires records of brain responses under massive amounts of naturalistic stimuli. Although the scientific community has put a lot of effort into collecting large-scale functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data under naturalistic stimuli, more naturalistic fMRI datasets are still urgently needed. We present here the Natural Object Dataset (NOD), a large-scale fMRI dataset containing responses to 57,120 naturalistic images from 30 participants. NOD strives for a balance between sampling variation between individuals and sampling variation between stimuli. This enables NOD to be utilized not only for determining whether an observation is generalizable across many individuals, but also for testing whether a response pattern is generalized to a variety of naturalistic stimuli. We anticipate that the NOD together with existing naturalistic neuroimaging datasets will serve as a new impetus for our understanding of the visual processing of naturalistic stimuli.
Inclusion unlocks the creative potential of gender diversity in teams
Authors: Vedres Balázs , Vásárhelyi Orsolya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSeveral studies have highlighted the potential contribution of gender diversity to creativity, also noted challenges stemming from conflicts and a deficit of trust. Thus, we argue that gender diversity requires inclusion as well to see increased collective creativity. We analyzed teams in 4011 video game projects, recording weighted network data from past collaborations. We developed four measures of inclusion, based on de-segregation, strong ties across genders, and the incorporation of women into the core of the team’s network. We measured creativity by the distinctiveness of game features compared to prior games. Our results show that gender diversity without inclusion does not contribute to creativity, while at maximal inclusion one standard deviation change in diversity results in .04–.09 standard deviation increase in creativity. On the flipside, at maximal inclusion but low diversity (when there is a ‘token’ female team member highly integrated in a male network) we see a negative impact on creativity. Considering the history of game projects in a developer firm, we see that adding diversity first, and developing inclusion later can lead to higher diversity and inclusion, compared to the alternative of recruiting developers with already existing cross-gender ties. This suggests that developer firms should encourage building inclusive collaboration ties in-house.
The energy conservation and emission reduction co-benefits of China’s emission trading system
Authors: Li Chenggang , Chen Ziling , Hu Yongxiang , Cai Chengcheng , Zuo Xintong , Shang Guofei , Lin Hongwei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEmission Trading System (ETS) is an innovative practice under the progress of green development in China. It is also an important method for China to achieve market-oriented environmental governance in ecological civilization construction. The ETS pilot policy has implemented for more than 10 years. However, the co-benefits of ETS pilot policy by the integration of energy consumption, carbon and sulfur dioxide emissions, and wastewater has not been evaluated. In order to fill this gap, we use the 2003–2017 annual data of 30 China’s provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), and utilize the Difference-in-Differences (DID) model and Propensity Score Matching (PSM-DID) methodology to evaluate the co-benefits of ETS pilot policy on energy conservation and emission reduction. We find that the ETS pilot policy significantly promote energy conservation and emission reduction. Eastern and central China have significantly benefited from the policy, while the western China has not due to the limited technology and innovation as well as an imbalance of the industrial structure. The results provide the policy reference for China’s government and institutions as well as the governments and institutions around the world to fulfill their commitments to save energy and reduce emissions, and early achieve the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization.
The effect of alfalfa cultivation on improving physicochemical properties soil microorganisms community structure of grey desert soil
Authors: Qi Jiangjiao , Fu Dongqing , Wang Xuzhe , Zhang Fanfan , Ma Chunhui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlanting alfalfa in grey desert soil can have significant effects on soil nutrient levels, microbial communities, and overall soil improvement. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to explore the relationship between the rhizosphere microbial community structure of grey desert soil planted with different alfalfa varieties (Aohan, WL525HQ, Knight2, Kangsai, Victoria, and WL712), alfalfa characteristics and rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties. Alfalfa planting increased the nitrogen and organic matter in the grey desert soil, and the effects in Victoria, Kangsai, and Aohan were relatively better than those in the unplanted areas and other alfalfa areas. The Chao1 and Shannon indexes showed that the diversity and relative abundance of bacteria and fungi in Kangsai were significantly higher than those in the unplanted areas and other alfalfa areas. Redundancy analysis showed that available nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as fresh weight, significantly affected the changes in fungal and bacterial communities. Variance partitioning analysis showed that soil and alfalfa growth characteristics explained 50.04% and 51.58% of the structural changes in the bacteria and fungi, respectively. Therefore, planting alfalfa changed the community structure of bacteria and fungi, as well as the content of soil nutrients, and different varieties of alfalfa had different effects on soil improvement.
A new ape from Türkiye and the radiation of late Miocene hominines
Authors: Sevim-Erol Ayla , Begun David R. , Yavuz Alper , Tarhan Erhan , Sözer Çilem Sönmez , Mayda Serdar , van den Hoek Ostende Lars W. , Martin Robert M. G. , Alçiçek M. Cihat 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFossil apes from the eastern Mediterranean are central to the debate on African ape and human (hominine) origins. Current research places them either as hominines, as hominins (humans and our fossil relatives) or as stem hominids, no more closely related to hominines than to pongines (orangutans and their fossil relatives). Here we show, based on our analysis of a newly identified genus, Anadoluvius, from the 8.7 Ma site of Çorakyerler in central Anatolia, that Mediterranean fossil apes are diverse, and are part of the first known radiation of early members of the hominines. The members of this radiation are currently only identified in Europe and Anatolia; generally accepted hominins are only found in Africa from the late Miocene until the Pleistocene. Hominines may have originated in Eurasia during the late Miocene, or they may have dispersed into Eurasia from an unknown African ancestor. The diversity of hominines in Eurasia suggests an in situ origin but does not exclude a dispersal hypothesis.
Microwave-assisted one-step synthesis of water-soluble manganese-carbon nanodot clusters
Authors: Gomez-Blanco Nina , Prato Maurizio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUsing metal coordination to assemble carbon nanodots (CND) into clusters can enhance their photophysical properties for applications in sensing and biomedicine. Water-soluble clusters of CNDs are prepared by one-step microwave synthesis starting from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediamine and MnCl2·4H2O as precursors. Transmission electron microscopy and powder X-Ray diffraction techniques indicate that the resulting clusters form spherical particles of 150 nm constituted by amorphous CNDs joined together with Mn ions in a laminar crystalline structure. The nanomaterial assemblies show remarkable fluorescence quantum yields (0.17–0.20) and magnetic resonance imaging capability (r1 = 2.3-3.8 mM–1.s–1). In addition, they can be stabilized in aqueous solutions by phosphate ligands, providing a promising dual imaging platform for use in biological systems.
Unveiling time-varying signals of ultralight bosonic dark matter at collider and beam dump experiments
Authors: Guo Jinhui , He Yuxuan , Liu Jia , Wang Xiao-Ping , Xie Ke-Pan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe ultralight boson represents a promising dark matter candidate exhibiting unique wave-like behaviors. These properties could transfer to the dark mediator, such as the kinetic mixing dark photon, which can be a link between the dark and Standard Model sectors, resulting in periodic oscillations of its mass. We propose a method to detect ultralight dark matter using dark mediators in collider and beam dump experiments, distinguishing it from conventional atomic, molecular, and optical methods. The time-varying nature of dark mediator mass exhibits a double-peak spectrum, reducing traditional constraints by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, due to decreased luminosity exposure in each resonant mass bin. To enhance sensitivity, we utilize event time-stamps in the CMS Open Data and demonstrate that this technique boosts sensitivity by approximately one order of magnitude compared to the time-blind method. Moreover, it proves effective in detecting the invisible decay of the dark mediator.
Quantifying hole-motion-induced frustration in doped antiferromagnets by Hamiltonian reconstruction
Authors: Schlömer Henning , Hilker Timon A. , Bloch Immanuel , Schollwöck Ulrich , Grusdt Fabian , Bohrdt Annabelle 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnveiling the microscopic origins of quantum phases dominated by the interplay of spin and motional degrees of freedom constitutes one of the central challenges in strongly correlated many-body physics. When holes move through an antiferromagnetic spin background, they displace the positions of spins, which induces effective frustration in the magnetic environment. However, a concrete characterization of this effect in a quantum many-body system is still an unsolved problem. Here we present a Hamiltonian reconstruction scheme that allows for a precise quantification of hole-motion-induced frustration. We access non-local correlation functions through projective measurements of the many-body state, from which effective spin-Hamiltonians can be recovered after detaching the magnetic background from dominant charge fluctuations. The scheme is applied to systems of mixed dimensionality, where holes are restricted to move in one dimension, but SU(2) superexchange is two-dimensional. We demonstrate that hole motion drives the spin background into a highly frustrated regime, which can quantitatively be described by an effective J1–J2-type spin model. We exemplify the applicability of the reconstruction scheme to ultracold atom experiments by recovering effective spin-Hamiltonians of experimentally obtained 1D Fermi-Hubbard snapshots. Our method can be generalized to fully 2D systems, enabling promising microscopic perspectives on the doped Hubbard model.
Hyperconcentrated floods cause extreme gravel transport through the sandy rivers of the Gangetic Plains
Authors: Quick Laura , Creed Maggie. J. , Sinclair Hugh. D. , Attal Mikaël , Borthwick Alistair. G. L. , Sinha Rajiv 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Gangetic Plains comprise steep gravelly river channels that transition to low gradient sandy channels 10-40 km downstream of the mountain front. This “gravel-sand transition" is characterized by an abrupt greater-than-one-order-of-magnitude drop in both gradient and sediment grain size, suggesting a degree of long-term stability. However, the stratigraphic record of the gravel-sand transition in the Miocene Siwalik Group demonstrates intermittent transport of coarse gravels tens of kilometres downstream of the transition; such events in contemporary channels would drive channel avulsion(s) and increase flood risk, devastating communities across the plains. We combine sedimentological analysis of Siwalik deposits with entrainment calculations which demonstrate that hyperconcentration is required to transport coarse bedload over low-gradient plains. Transport conditions are attainable when intense monsoon precipitation (a 200- to 1000-year event) is combined with increased suspended sediment concentrations in channels. Predicted climate change and ongoing seismicity increase the likelihood of such extreme events within this century.
Integrating microbial community properties, biomass and necromass to predict cropland soil organic carbon
Authors: Wang Chao , Wang Xu , Zhang Yang , Morrissey Ember , Liu Yue , Sun Lifei , Qu Lingrui , Sang Changpeng , Zhang Hong , Li Guochen , Zhang Lili , Fang Yunting 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Manipulating microorganisms to increase soil organic carbon (SOC) in croplands remains a challenge. Soil microbes are important drivers of SOC sequestration, especially via their necromass accumulation. However, microbial parameters are rarely used to predict cropland SOC stocks, possibly due to uncertainties regarding the relationships between microbial carbon pools, community properties and SOC. Herein we evaluated the microbial community properties (diversity and network complexity), microbial carbon pools (biomass and necromass carbon) and SOC in 468 cropland soils across northeast China. We found that not only microbial necromass carbon but also microbial community properties (diversity and network complexity) and biomass carbon were correlated with SOC. Microbial biomass carbon and diversity played more important role in predicting SOC for maize, while microbial network complexity was more important for rice. Models to predict SOC performed better when the microbial community and microbial carbon pools were included simultaneously. Taken together our results suggest that microbial carbon pools and community properties influence SOC accumulation in croplands, and management practices that improve these microbial parameters may increase cropland SOC levels.
Gallium reactivates first and second generation quinolone antibiotics towards drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Sultana Tania , Duffin Rebekah N. , Blair Victoria L. , Andrews Philip C. 
Published: August 2023

Homoleptic [GaL3] and heteroleptic organometallic [GaMe2L] gallium complexes of inactive quinolone antibiotics show enhanced antibacterial activity (MIC 0.024–0.781 μM) towards four multi-drug resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae.