bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Keeping the archives above water: preserving regional heritage in times of accelerated climate change
Authors: Wessell Adele , Thorpe Clare 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe critical question of how sustainability and resilience can inform archival practice in regional communities is motivated by the experience of flooding in Lismore, Australia, which exposed the vulnerability of local archives to the effects of climate change and the limitations of local infrastructure. Regional historical societies and community organisations serve as a repository for the history of particular communities, preserving records, artefacts and other materials that document the unique stories and experiences of that place. Collections are independently curated and generally run by volunteers but poorly resourced with insufficient space. They are more likely to be subject to extreme weather events that disproportionately impact regional Australia compared to its cities. Regional collections fall outside national strategies for sustainability, digitisation or investment. Without urgent attention to the fate of regional archives, local heritage is under threat, and with it, an understanding of how that history contributes to the national past and the connection to place and community. This paper explores regional archives from the perspective of the local historical records of Lismore, Northern New South Wales, where flooding is a familiar experience that has reached a new intensity in recent years.
Disrupted HSF1 regulation in normal and exceptional brain aging
Authors: Trivedi Rachana , Knopf Bailey , Rakoczy Sharlene , Manocha Gunjan D. , Brown-Borg Holly , Jurivich Donald A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBrain aging is a major risk factor for cognitive diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and vascular dementia. The rate of aging and age-related pathology are modulated by stress responses and repair pathways that gradually decline with age. However, recent reports indicate that exceptional longevity sustains and may even enhance the stress response. Whether normal and exceptional aging result in either attenuated or enhanced stress responses across all organs is unknown. This question arises from our understanding that biological age differs from chronological age and evidence that the rate of aging varies between organs. Thus, stress responses may differ between organs and depend upon regenerative capacity and ability to manage damaged proteins and proteotoxicity. To answer these questions, we assessed age-dependent changes in brain stress responses with normally aged wild type and long-lived Dwarf mice. Results from this study show that normal aging unfavorably impacts activation of the brain heat shock (HS) axis with key changes noted in the transcription factor, HSF1, and its regulation. Exceptional aging appears to preserve and strengthen many elements of HSF1 activation in the brain. These results support the possibility that reconstitution of aging brain stress responses requires a multi-factorial approach that addresses HSF1 protein levels, its DNA binding, and regulatory elements such as phosphorylation and protein interactions.
Bloom succession and nitrogen dynamics during snowmelt in a mid-order montane river
Authors: Valett H. Maurice , de Lima Rafael Feijó , Peipoch Marc , Engstrom Royce C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Upper Clark Fork River (UCFR), Montana, a mid-order well-lit system with contemporary anthropogenic nitrogen (N) enrichment and natural geogenic sources of phosphorus (P), experiences annual algal blooms that influence ecosystem structure and function. This study was designed to assess the occurrence of riverine algal blooms (RABs) in the UCFR by characterizing the succession of periphyton and biogeochemical conditions following annual snowmelt runoff through autumnal baseflow conditions, and to provide a framework for assessing RAB progression in montane mid-order rivers more broadly. Using a 21-year database (2000–2020) collected over the growing season at three sites, historical assessment of the persistent and recurrent character of RABs in the UCFR showed that the magnitude of the summer bloom was, in part, moderated by snowmelt disturbance. Abundance and growth forms of benthic algae, along with river physicochemistry (e.g., temperature) and water chemistry (N and P concentration), were measured over the course of snowmelt recession for three years (2018–2020) at the same three sites. Results documented the onset of major blooms of the filamentous green algae Cladophora across all sites, commensurate with declines in dissolved inorganic N. Atomic N:P ratios of river water suggest successional transitions from P- to N-limitation associated with mid-season senescence of Cladophora and development of a secondary bloom of N-fixing cyanobacteria, dominated by Nostoc cf. pruniforme. Rates of N-fixation, addressed at one of the sites during the 2020 snowmelt recession, increased upon Cladophora senescence to a maximal value among the highest reported for lotic systems (5.80 mg N/m2/h) before decreasing again to background levels at the end of the growing season. Based on these data, a heuristic model for mid-order rivers responding to snowmelt disturbance suggests progression from phases of physical stress (snowmelt) to optimal growth conditions, to conditions of biotic stress later in the growing season. Optimal growth is observed as green algal blooms that form shortly after peak snowmelt, then transition to stages dominated by cyanobacteria and autochthonous N production later in the growing season. Accordingly, interactions among algal composition, reactive N abundance, and autochthonous N production, suggest successional progression from reliance on external nutrient sources to increased importance of autochthony, including N-fixation that sustains riverine productivity during late stages of snowmelt recession.
Pulp delignification and refining: impact on the supramolecular structure of softwood fibers
Authors: Esteves Cláudia Vicente , Brännvall Elisabet , Stevanic Jasna S. , Larsson Per Tomas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effect on softwood fiber wall nanostructure of kraft cooking, oxygen delignification and refining was evaluated by X-ray scattering. A recently developed simulation method for modelling small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data was used to estimate the apparent average sizes of solids (AAPS) and interstitial spaces in the fiber wall (AACS). Fiber saturation point and wide angle X-ray scattering were also used to calculate the pore volume in the fiber wall and the crystallite size of the fibril, respectively. The experimental modelled SAXS data was able to give consistent values for each kraft-cooked and oxygen-delignified pulp. Kraft delignification seems to have the major influence on the fiber nanostructure modification, while oxygen delignification has little or no significant impact even for different kappa numbers. The particle sizes values were more stable than the cavities sizes and no significant differences were seen between different delignification processes, refining or delignification degree. Pulps evaluated after PFI-refining, showed an increase in the fiber wall porosity evaluated by FSP and an increase in the interstitial spaces in the fiber wall, while the crystallite size and the particle sizes were very little or not affected at all.
The Road to a Low Emission Society: Costs of Interacting Climate Regulations
Authors: Bye Brita , Kaushal Kevin R. , Rosnes Orvika , Turner Karen , Yonezawa Hidemichi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTransportation is one of the main contributors to greenhouse gas emissions. Climate regulations on transportation are often a mix of sector-specific regulations and economy-wide measures (such as emission pricing). In this paper we consider how different and partly overlapping climate regulations interact and what are the effects on economic welfare, abatement costs and emissions? Our focus is on Norway, a nation where high taxation of conventional fossil-fuelled cars has paved the floor for another pillar of climate policies: promotion of electric vehicles (EVs) in private transport. Our contribution to the literature is two-fold. First, we analyse the costs and impacts of the partly overlapping climate regulations in transportation—the cap on domestic non-ETS emissions and the goal of all new cars for private households being EVs—focussing on the outcome in 2030. Second, we respond to a gap in the literature through a methodological development in economy-wide computable general equilibrium (CGE) approaches for climate policy by introducing EV technologies as an explicit transport equipment choice for private households. We find that, for the case of Norway, combining a specific EV target with policy to cap emissions through a uniform carbon price more than doubles the welfare costs.
Weaving together the threads of Indigenous knowledge and mathematics
Authors: Hunter Jodie , Hunter Roberta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs in many countries, for decades in Aotearoa (New Zealand), we have heard the story of the Pacific and Māori achievement gap in mathematics. This has become a widely accepted part of beliefs constructed across multiple communities about students and schools and who can do and learn mathematics successfully. A common response by policy makers and educators alike is to fix the problem of those deemed academically bleak by putting in place a range of interventions. In this article, we challenge the positioning of Pacific students as a problem to be fixed and instead focus on how we can address the practices inherent in historical forms of institutionalised racism related to colonisation. We use an Indigenous research model—Tivaevae—to develop an exemplary case study of the teachers and students from one low socio-economic urban school as they were involved in conscientisation and the reconstitution of educational practices to privilege indigenous knowledge systems. The findings highlight one model of how teachers and students can change institutionalised Western world practices in the mathematics classroom. We argue that the shift to honouring indigenous knowledge systems and a strength-based approach provided opportunities for Pacific students to learn mathematics in ways that supported them to build strong mathematical dispositions, and rather than being assimilated, retain their cultural identity.
Does e-commerce ease or intensify tax competition? Destination principle versus origin principle
Authors: Aiura Hiroshi , Ogawa Hikaru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between e-commerce development and the intensity of commodity tax competition under two tax principles for goods purchased online: the destination principle and the origin principle. The main findings are as follows: Given that origin-based tax is applied to purchases made in brick-and-mortar stores, (i) tax competition under destination-based taxation on e-commerce is more intense than tax competition under origin-based taxation; and (ii) the expansion of the online market intensifies destination-based tax competition while easing origin-based tax competition. The main factor leading to the results is that replacing the choice of “where to purchase” goods, consumers will have a new choice of “how to purchase” when online purchasing becomes available, and destination-based taxation distorts the latter choice, while origin-based taxation is neutral.
Preprocessing of Propagation Redundant Clauses
Authors: Reeves Joseph E. , Heule Marijn J. H. , Bryant Randal E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe propagation redundant (PR) proof system generalizes the resolution and resolution asymmetric tautology proof systems used by conflict-driven clause learning (CDCL) solvers. PR allows short proofs of unsatisfiability for some problems that are difficult for CDCL solvers. Previous attempts to automate PR clause learning used hand-crafted heuristics that work well on some highly-structured problems. For example, the solver SaDiCaL incorporates PR clause learning into the CDCL loop, but it cannot compete with modern CDCL solvers due to its fragile heuristics. We present PReLearn, a preprocessing technique that learns short PR clauses. Adding these clauses to a formula reduces the search space that the solver must explore. By performing PR clause learning as a preprocessing stage, PR clauses can be found efficiently without sacrificing the robustness of modern CDCL solvers. On a large portion of SAT competition benchmarks we found that preprocessing with PReLearn improves solver performance. In addition, there were several satisfiable and unsatisfiable formulas that could only be solved after preprocessing with PReLearn. PReLearn supports proof logging, giving a high level of confidence in the results. Lastly, we tested the robustness of PReLearn by applying other forms of preprocessing as well as by randomly permuting variable names in the formula before running PReLearn, and we found PReLearn performed similarly with and without the changes to the formula.
Brief Parenting Seminars for Preventing Child Behavioral and Emotional Difficulties: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Foskolos Konstantinos , Gardner Frances , Montgomery Paul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEarly parenting programs can prevent the development of child behavioral and emotional difficulties. Despite the high prevalence of these difficulties in Greek children aged 2 to 12, no evidence-based parenting programs have been tested in randomized trials in Greece. We pilot-tested the efficacy of a brief parenting intervention for universal prevention of child behavioral and emotional difficulties. Parents from the general population (N = 124) were randomly assigned to receive the Triple P (Positive Parenting Program) Seminar Series (n = 83), or leaflet information on child health (n = 41). Most participants were highly educated mothers with boys and girls aged 2–12, from middle-income, inner-city households. Participants reported on child behavior, parenting style and parenting adjustment, before and after the intervention and six months later. At post-intervention, parent-reported behavioral problems were reduced in the intervention group, but increased in the control group (p = 0.001); these differences remained at 6-month follow-up. Of those in the clinical range (28%) at baseline, significantly more intervention children than control children moved to normal range six months later. Disrupted parenting practices were reduced more in intervention parents at post-intervention but were not maintained at follow-up. No significant differences were found in secondary child behavioral difficulties, child emotional difficulties, parenting confidence and distress over time. This Seminar Series is a brief, easily replicable and likely cost-effective early intervention leading to significant medium-sized reductions over six months in behavioral difficulties, and improvements in disrupted parenting. These findings broadly support other evidence about effective transportability of parenting interventions across countries.
Initial assessment to understand the effect of air temperature on bees as floral visitors in urban orchards
Authors: Ludewig María José , Landaverde-González Patricia , Götz Klaus-Peter , Chmielewski Frank-M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBees are the most important pollinators and, like many other insects, are facing a global decline that threatens crop pollination services. Both honey bees and some wild bee species are used commercially for pollination, including pollination in blueberry and cherry orchards. In our study, we assessed bee visits to experimental blueberry and cherry orchards immersed in an urban landscape to understand how air-temperature affects the potential contribution of honey bees and wild bees to pollination services. The potential contribution to pollination services was estimated using the Pollination Importance Value index, where the pollen collected by the floral visitor is a determining variable. In our study, bumble bees and honey bees were the most important floral visitors in the orchards, followed by the wild beeAnthophora plumipes. We found that honey bees were affected by changes in air-temperature and their decrease in the potential contribution to pollination services was offset by the niche complementarity provided by bumble bees.Implications for insect conservation Even small changes in air-temperature can alter bee communities by affecting bee species susceptible to low temperatures. Our work is a first assessment of how climate change may affect the complementarity of pollinator communities in orchards. We suggest that strategies to mitigate local air-temperature changes in urban areas, focusing primarily on these species, could potentially have cascading effects that would support the overall pollination services provided by bee communities.
Pore tracing in additive manufactured and hot isostatic pressed components
Authors: Nudelis Natan , Mayr Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite past scientific efforts and the increased use of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) in additive manufacturing applications, a complete understanding of the exact pore-closing behaviour has yet to be achieved. The present research focuses on laser powder bed fused (LPBF), hot isostatic pressed components made of AlSi10Mg, and process-related defects. The study shows the effect of HIPing in relation to various pore characteristics, such as pore shape, size, and type. A pore tracing method using X-ray data was developed to characterise the pores before and after HIP. The method is based on the k-nearest neighbours approach and allows to match leftover pores with the initial ones. Hence, the efficiency of the pore-closing behaviour for different HIP settings can be analysed. Moreover, the exact number of pore transformations can be tracked, providing a comprehensive insight into the change of pore characteristics during HIP. In this framework, eight different HIP settings and a total number of 274,886 pores were examined and discussed. The findings demonstrate that longer treatment times and higher pressure and temperature settings accelerated the pore transformation. Irregularly shaped and large pores close faster than spherically shaped and smaller ones. Furthermore, regardless of the initial pore type, all pores started transforming their shape towards irregular shapes and small pore diameters. Some pores remained after the HIP treatments, probably due to the inefficiency of HIP in closing pores connected with the component surface or the presence of oxide particles interfering with the diffusion bonding process.
Humans as Creativity Gatekeepers: Are We Biased Against AI Creativity?
Authors: Magni Federico , Park Jiyoung , Chao Melody Manchi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly involved in the creation of organizational and commercial artifacts, human evaluators’ role as creativity gatekeepers of AI-produced artifacts will become critical for innovation processes. However, when humans evaluate creativity, their judgment is clouded by biases triggered by the characteristics of the creator. Drawing from folk psychology and algorithm aversion research, we examine whether the identity of the producer of a given artifact as artificial intelligence (AI) or human is a source of bias affecting people’s creativity evaluation of such artifact and what drives this effect. With four experimental studies (N = 2039), of which two were pre-registered, using different experimental designs and evaluation targets, we found that people sometimes—but not always—ascribe lower creativity to a product when they are told that the producer is an AI rather than a human. In addition, we found that people consistently perceive generative AI to exert less effort than humans in the creation of a given artifact, which drives the lower creativity ratings ascribed to generative AI producers. We discuss the implication of these findings for organizational creativity and innovation in the context of human-AI interaction.
A Minimal Probability Space for Conditionals
Authors: Wójtowicz Anna , Wójtowicz Krzysztof 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One of central problems in the theory of conditionals is the construction of a probability space, where conditionals can be interpreted as events and assigned probabilities. The problem has been given a technical formulation by van Fraassen (23), who also discussed in great detail the solution in the form of Stalnaker Bernoulli spaces. These spaces are very complex – they have the cardinality of the continuum, even if the language is finite. A natural question is, therefore, whether a technically simpler (in particular finite) partial construction can be given. In the paper we provide a new solution to the problem. We show how to construct a finite probability space $$\mathrm {S}^\#=\left(\mathrm\Omega^\#,\mathrm\Sigma^\#,\mathrm P^\#\right)$$

S

#

=

Ω
#

,

Σ
#

,

P
#

in which simple conditionals and their Boolean combinations can be interpreted. The structure is minimal in terms of cardinality within a certain, naturally defined class of models – an interesting side-effect is an estimate of the number of non-equivalent propositions in the conditional language. We demand that the structure satisfy certain natural assumptions concerning the logic and semantics of conditionals and also that it satisfy PCCP. The construction can be easily iterated, producing interpretations for conditionals of arbitrary complexity.
Mobile software aids for people with low vision
Authors: Vrysis Lazaros , Almaliotis Diamantis , Almpanidou Stavroula , Papadopoulou Eleni P. , Oikonomides Konstantinos , Chatzisavvas Konstantinos Ch. , Karampatakis Vasileios 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe usage of smartphones is increasingly widespread, and the usefulness of mobile applications as low-vision aids is evident but not thoroughly examined. In this study, we surveyed people with low vision to assess the usability of common, preloaded mobile applications, to evaluate the usage of typical assistive technologies of smartphones, and to measure the usefulness, and usability of recent software advancements that can be used as visual aids. We invited 134 low-vision individuals to participate, and 45 of them met the eligibility criteria and completed an in-person survey. The eligibility criteria were as follows: aged 18 years or older and mentally competent, visual acuity worse than 0.4 logMAR with best-corrected glasses in the better-seeing eye, ownership of a smartphone and familiarity with visual assistive technologies. All testing scenarios were carried out using the participants' smartphones, either with Android or iOS operating systems. Participants reported the usefulness and ease of use for common visual display enhancements (i.e., text size, bold text, increased contrast, inverted colors, and dark mode), audio feedback capabilities, four primary preloaded apps (Dialer, Clock, Calculator, and Calendar), and four usage scenarios that serve as low-vision aids (magnify with camera, hard-copy text-to-speech, voice typing, and voice commands). Participants also indicated whether they could use the apps or execute the scenarios independently. The Dialer and Clock apps, text enhancements, camera magnification, and voice typing were rated as highly useful, while the Calendar application received lower ratings. Most of the selected apps or services were rated as easy to use, with lower ratings recorded for the Calendar and Select to Speak ones. Considering the positive results across all options, this collection of apps and services proved useful for all age groups, regardless of gender, technological familiarity, or education. The feedback received in this study can help towards improving the everyday lives of low-vision people as well as informing the design of apps and assistive features, guiding future research and development to enhance visual accessibility on mobile computing devices.