bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prasinezumab slows motor progression in rapidly progressing early-stage Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Pagano Gennaro , Taylor Kirsten , Cabrera Judith , Simuni Tanya , Marek Kenneth , Postuma Ronald , Pavese Nicola , Stocchi Fabrizio , Brockmann Kathrin , Svoboda Hanno , Trundell Dylan , Monnet Annabelle , Doody Rachelle , Fontoura Paulo , Kerchner Geoffrey , Brundin Patrik , Nikolcheva Tania , Bonni Azad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Prasinezumab, a monoclonal antibody that binds aggregated alpha-synuclein, is currently being investigated as a potential disease-modifying therapy in early-stage Parkinson’s disease (PD). In the PASADENA Phase II study, prasinezumab-treated individuals exhibited slower progression of motor signs than placebo-treated participants (MDS-UPDRS Part III). Here, we explore whether prasinezumab showed greater benefits on motor progression in rapidly compared with more slowly progressing subpopulations of PD.
Methods
Prasinezumab’s effects on disease progression were assessed in pre-specified rapidly progressing and more slowly progressing subpopulations of PD during the double-blind phase of PASADENA (e.g., participants taking MAO-B inhibitors at baseline vs. treatment-naïve participants).
Results
In the rapidly progressing subpopulations of PASADENA, participants treated with prasinezumab showed less decline in MDS-UPDRS Part III compared with more slowly progressing subpopulations of PD.
Conclusion
Efficacy of prasinezumab was greater in individuals with early-stage PD with a more rapidly progressing clinical phenotype.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation protocol changes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross- sectional survey of SOS-KANTO 2017 study
Authors: Kitamura Nobuya , Tagami Takashi , Takeda Munekazu , Shinozaki Koichiro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The international guidelines recommend that rescuers balance the urgent needs of care for COVID-19 patients and the protection of healthcare providers from cross-infections. However, little is known about a change in CPR protocol during the Pandemic. The aim of our study is to survey the protocol change and know whether any institution implemented adversely affecting changes in resuscitation. This was a cross-sectional survey study investigating changes in CPR protocol between the pre- COVID-19 pandemic and pandemic period. Online questionnaires were distributed to 41 institutions that participated in the SOS-KANTO 2017 study in January 2021. The survey covered the following three topics: 1) differences in each institution’s cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) protocol; 2) timing of initiation of the new CPR protocol; and 3) airway and infection management protocol of emergency medical services (EMS) and each institution. Of the institutions, 90% implemented protocol changes by April 2020 and 100% by October 2020. However, we found variations in these changes, particularly those regarding airway management; a total of 75% of the institutions answered that they did not modify or change their methods of airway management. Around of the institutions might not have implemented enough strategies to reduce exposure to the COVID-19 virus as recommended by the guidelines as of January 2021. Overall, based on the results of our survey, resuscitation protocols for all participating institutions have been revised, but few has changed protocols to detrimental to OHCA. On the other hand, emergency services showed variation in airway management, with 75% not modifying or changing airway managements.
Effect and potential mechanism of oncometabolite succinate promotes distant metastasis of colorectal cancer by activating STAT3
Authors: Yu Jiangnan , Yang Hong , Zhang Lin , Ran Suye , Shi Qing , Peng Pailan , Liu Qi , Song Lingyu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
To investigate the effect of Oncometabolite succinate on colorectal cancer migration and invasion and to initially explore the underlying mechanism.Succinate acid detection kit detected the succinate content in tissues. The growth of colorectal cancer cells was measured by cck-8 assay, wound-healing migration assay and transwell migration and invasion assays, and then explored the level of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and STAT3/ p-STAT3 expression by western blot analysis and quantitative real-time PCR for mRNA expression. We found that succinate levels were significantly higher in carcinoma tissues than precancerous tissues. After succinate treatment, the colorectal cancer cell lines SW480 and HCT116 had enhanced migration and invasion, the expression of biomarkers of EMT was promoted, and significantly increased phosphorylation of STAT3. In vivo experiments also showed that succinate can increase p-STAT3 expression, promote the EMT process, and promote the distant metastasis of colorectal cancer in mice.Succinate promotes EMT through the activation of the transcription factor STAT3, thus promoting the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer.
The learning curve for laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy by a proficient laparoscopic surgeon: A retrospective study at a single center
Authors: Wang Heng , Gao Xin , Liu Meng , Kong Xiaohan , Sun HongRui , Niu Zheyu , Zhu Huaqiang , Lu Jun , Zhou， Xu , Ma Chaoqun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
To explore the learning curve of single center laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD) and evaluate the safety and efficacy of the operation at different stages.
Method
The clinical data of 120 cases of laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy performed by the same surgeon from June 2018 to June 2022 were reviewed and analyzed. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) analysis and the best fitting curve were used to draw the learning curve for the operation time and intraoperative blood loss, respectively. The two were mutually verified, and the number of surgeries needed to accumulate across the learning curve was analyzed. The clinical data, like operation time, intraoperative blood loss, length of stay, complications and other indicators were compared at different stages of the learning curve.
Result
The maximum turning point of the fitting curve was found in 35 cases by the cumulative sum method of operation time, after which the learning curve could be considered to have passed. The fitting curve obtained by the cumulative sum method of intraoperative blood loss was stable in 30 cases and proficient in 60 cases, which was basically consistent with the fitting curve of operation time. Taking 35 cases as the boundary, the learning curve is divided into learning improvement stage and mastering stage. There was no statistical significance in the general data of the two stage patients (P > 0.05).Hospitalization days decreased from 19 days to 15 days (P < 0.05);Pancreatic fistula decreased from 20.0% of grade B and 8.6% of grade C to 7.1% of grade B and 3.5% of grade C (P < 0.05), and the operative time decreased from (376.9 ± 48.2) minutes to (294.4 ± 18.7) minutes (P < 0.05).Intraoperative blood loss decreased from 375ml to 241ml(P < 0.05).
Conclusion
35 patients with LPD can reach the proficiency stage and the perioperative indexes can be improved.
Both/And: Mixed methods analysis of network composition, communication patterns, and socio-economic support within social networks of transgender women in Lima, Peru
Authors: Temelkovska Tijana , Moriarty Kathleen , Huerta Leyla , Perez-Brumer Amaya G. , Segura Eddy R. , Passaro Ryan Colby , Lake Jordan E. , Clark Jesse L. , Blair Cheríe S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Social networks contribute to normative reinforcement of HIV prevention strategies, knowledge sharing, and social capital, but little research has characterized the social networks of transgender women (TW) in Latin America. We conducted a mixed methods analysis of three network clusters of TW in Lima, Peru, to evaluate network composition, types of support exchanged, and patterns of communication.
Methods
We recruited TW residing in or affiliated with three “casas trans” (houses shared among TW) in Lima between April-May 2018. Eligible participants were 18 or older, self-reported HIV-negative, and reported recent intercourse with a cis-male partner. Participants completed demographic questionnaires, social network interviews, and semi-structured interviews to assess egocentric network structures, support exchanged, and communication patterns. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using Stata v14.1 and Atlas.ti, respectively.
Results
Of 20 TW, median age was 26 years and 100% reported involvement in commercial sex work. Respondents identified 161 individuals they interacted with in the past month (alters), of whom 33% were TW and 52% family members. 70% of respondents reported receiving emotional support from family, while 30% received financial support and instrumental support from family. Of the 13 (65%) respondents who nominated someone as a source of HIV prevention support (HPS), the majority (69%) nominated other TW. In a GEE regression analysis adjusted for respondent education and region of birth, being a family member was associated with lower likelihood of providing financial support (aOR 0.21, CI 0.08–0.54), instrumental support (aOR 0.16, CI 0.06–0.39), and HPS (aOR 0.18, CI 0.05–0.64). In qualitative interviews, most respondents identified a cis-female family member as their most trusted and closest network member, but other TW were more often considered sources of day-to-day support, including HPS.
Conclusion
TW have diverse social networks where other TW are key sources of knowledge sharing and support, and family members may also represent important and influential components. Within these complex networks, TW may selectively solicit and provide support from different network alters according to specific contexts and needs. HIV prevention messaging could consider incorporating network-based interventions with TW community input and outreach efforts for supportive family members.
Flexible THV-based nanocomposites filled with GNPs/MWCNTs for advanced applications in EMI shielding and thermal management.
Authors: Łapińska Anna , Grochowska Natalia , Filak Karolina , Dużyńska Anna , Polański Marek , Wyrębska Iwona , Jóźwik Paweł , Gołofit Tomasz , Dydek Kamil , Michalski Przemysław P. , Plichta Andrzej 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Contemporary applications require protection against overheating and electromagnetic radiation interference, preferably with reduced mass and enhanced basic performance, such as flammability or chemical or UV resistance. Materials exhibiting all these functions can be designed, but there is often not just one but several different materials with advanced processing requirements; therefore, a simple manufacturing method providing percolation path formation involving powder mixing and hot pressing of terpolymer comprising tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropylene and vinylidene fluoride monomeric units (THV)-based nanocomposites is presented here. Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as fillers to improve the basic matrix properties. The addition of the carbon fillers yielded electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness SETOT = 23 dB for the GNP filler, SETOT = 17 dB for the MWCNT/GNP filler, and SETOT = 7.4 dB for the one wt% MWCNT filler (for a 1 mm sample thickness at 5 GHz). The best series (GNP-based) was also subjected to further investigations: the thermal conductivity reached κ = 1.65 W/mK, providing an over 800% enhancement, and simultaneously, the electrical conductivity reached σ = 1.49 S/cm. Moreover, comprehensive studies of structural and thermal properties were carried out for all series, including filler dispersion analysis.
Extracellular matrices modulate differentiation of human embryonic stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells with spatial hepatic features
Authors: Farhan Faiza , Trivedi Manjari , Wu Priscilla Di , Cui Wei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) can provide a valuable in vitro model for disease modelling and drug development. However, it is challenging to generate these cells with functions comparable to hepatocytes in vivo. Extracellular matrices (ECM) play an important role in supporting liver development and hepatocyte functions, but their functions in hepatocyte differentiation and maturation during hPSC differentiation remain unclear. Here, we investigate the effects of two ECM - Matrigel and type I collagen on hepatic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs).
Methods
hESCs-derived HLCs were generated through multistage differentiation in 2D and 3D cultures, incorporating either type I collagen or Matrigel during hepatic specification and maturation. The resulting cells were characterized with various molecular and cellular techniques for their hepatic functionality.
Results
Our results showed that HLCs cultured with collagen exhibited a significant increase in albumin and alpha 1 anti-trypsin accompanied with reduced AFP compared to HLCs cultured with Matrigel and that they also secreted more urea than Matrigel cells. However, these HLCs exhibited lower CYP3A4 activity and glycogen storage than those cultured with Matrigel. The functional differences in HLCs between collagen and Matrigel cultures closely resembled the hepatocytes of periportal and pericentral zones, respectively.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that Matrigel and collagen have differential effects on the differentiation and functionality of HLCs, which resemble, to an extent, hepatic zonation in the liver lobules. Our finding has an important impact on the generation of hPSC-HLCs for biomedical and medical applications.
Synergetic Binary Organocatalyzed Ring Opening Polymerization for the Precision Synthesis of Polysiloxanes
Authors: Honda Satoshi , Okamoto Hiroshi , Fuke Kazuki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Organocatalytic ring opening polymerization (ROP) is a versatlie method for synthesizing well-defined polymers with controlled molecular weight, dispersity, and nonlinear macromolecular architectures. Despite spectacular advances in organocatalytic ROP, precision synthesis of polysiloxanes remains challenging due to the mismatch in polarity between highly polar initiators and nonpolar monomers and polymers and the difficulty in suppressing the formation of scrambling products via transetherification reactions during ROP of cyclic siloxanes. Here, we describe a binary organocatalytic ROP (BOROP) of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3) employing organic bases as catalysts and (thio)ureas as cocatalysts. The BOROP of D3 using triazabicyclodecene (TBD) and (thio)ureas generates polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs) with narrow dispersity (Mw/Mn < 1.1). Despite the similar basicity of TBD and 1,8-bis(tetramethylguanidino)naphthalene (TMGN), which is known as a proton sponge, a unitary organocatalytic system using TMGN was inactive for the ROP of D3. When TMGN was paired with acidic urea, the BOROP of D3 yielded PDMSs with narrow dispersity (Mw/Mn < 1.1). Data suggest that the synergetic use of TMGN and urea is in an unprecedented activation–deactivation equilibrium between dormant and propagating species. The benefits of the present BOROP system are demonstrated based on the formation of PDMS elastomers with more uniform network structures with highly stretchy and excellent mechanical properties.
Where are extra-pair offspring raised: the mother’s, the father’s or the others’ nest?
Authors: Wang Chen , Chen Shicheng , Lu Xin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Extra-pair mating prevails among socially monogamous birds with biparental care. Theoretically, females may lay the resultant eggs in their own, their mating partners or other pairs’ nests, accordingly leading to extra-pair paternity (EPP), quasi-parasitism (QP) and extra-pair conspecific brood parasitism (CBP). Empirical evidence showed EPP to be widespread and QP rare, with extra-pair CBP having never been described. In Tibetan ground tits (Pseudopodoces humilis), we detected EPP, QP and extra-pair CBP in 54%, 47% and 24% of broods, which involved 20%, 16% and 8% of offspring, respectively. Cuckolding and cuckolded individuals in these events were genetically related and moderate inbreeding occurred between extra-pair partners, whereas social mates formed randomly with respect to relatedness. Promiscuity relative to genetic monogamy significantly increased annual reproductive output of both males and females, and extra-pair offspring did not differ from their within-pair siblings in body mass and heterozygosity. While the much high incidence of promiscuity can be ultimately driven by not only males but also females’ pursuit of increasing reproductive success, it may be proximately promoted by frequent kin ties in association with the species’ habit of burrow nesting and roosting, presumably kin-selected benefits may reduce the cost of arising non-descendant offspring. The fact that less than 30 altricial species have been documented with respect to extra-pair maternity (in contrast to over 360 species for EPP) suggests that more attention should be paid towards QP and extra-pair CBP to get a broader perspective on the evolution of avian mating systems.
Enhancing anti-tumor therapy with agmatine-cholesterol conjugate liposomes: in vitro and in vivo evidence
Authors: wang yanzhi , wang linchao , chang Hanyue , shen qing , zhang sai , sun shanshan , liu ying , zheng Jiaxin , liu hongmin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this study, we synthesized a novel compound, agmatine-cholesterol conjugate (AG-Chol), to enhance the anti-tumor activity of liposomes. We used AG-Chol to replace cholesterol in preparing doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) liposomes by an active loading method. We assessed the physical and chemical properties of the resulting liposomes (AG-Liposomes) and evaluated their efficacy in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that AG-Liposomes were stable with high encapsulation efficiency. Compared with the control liposomes, AG-Liposomes exhibited a slower release rate in the release medium at pH 6.8. The in vitro cell experiments demonstrated that AG-Liposomes had higher tumor cell uptake, migration inhibition rate, apoptosis rate, anti-clonogenic ability, and lysosome escape ability than the control liposomes. In vivo distribution results demonstrate that liposomes prepared with AG-Chol instead of cholesterol can significantly enhance their tumor targeting abilities and reduce their distribution to non-targeted sites. In vivo tumor suppression experiments showed that AG-Liposomes had a higher tumor suppression rate than the control liposomes without apparent toxicity, as evidenced by histological staining. Therefore, substituting cholesterol with AG-Chol in the preparation of liposomes can result in enhanced lysosome escape, improved tumor targeting, and increased efficacy of anti-tumor drugs.
Growth parameters, hematology, immunity, and relative expressions of TNF-α and IL-8 genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a combination of turmeric (Curcuma langa) powder and black pepper (Piper nigrum)
Authors: Aghili Seyedeh Mitra , Firouzbakhsh Farid , Haghparast Sara , Farhadi Ayoub 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This research aimed to investigate the effect of turmeric powder (Curcuma langa) and black pepper (Piper nigrum) on growth parameters, blood, immunity, and the relative expression of immune-related genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Rainbow trout (n = 450, average weight 24.95 ± 0.70 g) were fed with four levels (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1% of diet) of three combined levels of turmeric (C) and black pepper (P) plants (30% C + 70% P, 50% P + 50% C, 70% C + 30% P) in 10 experimental treatments each with three repetitions for 60 days. Growth, hematological and serum biochemical parameters, liver enzymes, serum immune parameters and the expression of TNF-α and IL-8 genes were evaluated at the end of the period. Based on the results, the highest values of final weight, average daily growth, specific growth rate, and the lowest food conversion coefficient were reported at the 1% level with the 70% C + 30% P combination. Significant changes were also observed in red and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin, hematocrit, total protein, globulin, lysozyme activity, total immunoglobulin, and complement activity at the 1% level with 70% C + 30% P combination. The TNFα gene relative expression decreased significantly in all nutritional treatments with the two combined plants compared to the control. The IL8 gene expression increased significantly in fish fed with the 1% combination of the two plants (70% P + 30% C) compared to the other treatments. Based on the findings, the optimal values of the growth, blood, and immunity parameters mainly at the 1% diet level in the treatments fed with the C and P combination can result from the positive effect of these compounds on the growth performance and immunogenesis in rainbow trout fingerling.
Static, refractive and monolithic Fourier transform spectrometer: development and prototyping
Authors: Frassetto Fabio , Cocola Lorenzo , Zuppella Paola , Deppo Vania Da , Poletto Luca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Static Fourier transform spectrometers are devices that can be realized as monolithic and compact assemblies. In the basic version, they are usually realized gluing together a beam-splitter with two reflective diffraction gratings using spacers as connecting elements. In this work we present the development and test of an alternative form of this kind of instrument in which the dispersive elements are Littrow’s prisms and are glued to the splitting element, forming in this way a robust and filled structure with no air gaps. The device can work in the visible/near infrared spectral region with a resolution power that varies across the spectral range due to the dispersion of the used glasses. The absence of hollow regions inside the monolithic block makes the device extremely robust and protects the optical surfaces inside the interferometer from possible contaminations. The device is particularly suited for miniaturization, being spacers and structural frames not necessary. The tested instrument works in the 470 nm - 850 nm wavelength range with a variable resolution between 3000 and 300.
Association between environmental mercury exposure and allergic disorders in Korean children: Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) cycles 3−4 (2015−2020)
Authors: Lee Ji-youn , Choi Yun-Hee , Choi Hyeon-il , Moon Kyong Whan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Although previous studies have suggested potential adverse effects of mercury on a child’s immune system, the associations have been inconsistent. We aimed to determine the association between urinary mercury levels and allergic diseases in Korean children with high mercury exposure. Data from 853 and 710 children aged 6–11 years in the Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS) cycle 3 (2015–2017) and cycle 4 (2018–2020) were analyzed. We examined the association between mercury exposure and the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, allergic rhinitis (AR), and allergic multimorbidity. After adjusting for all covariates, the urinary mercury level was positively associated with AD in the 2015–2017 study (aOR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.79) and AR in 2018–2020 study (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.01, 2.10). Pooled effects showed aOR of 1.34 (95% CI = 1.01, 1.79) for AD and 1.47 (95% CI = 1.01, 2.12) for allergic multimorbidity. The association with allergic multimorbidity was greater in boys (aOR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.01, 3.49) than in girls (aOR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.73, 2.14). These results suggest that environmental mercury exposure may exacerbate symptoms of atopic dermatitis and allergic multimorbidity in children.