bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary results of COVID‐19 vaccination among Taiwanese pregnant women: A single‐center, prospective, case–control study
Authors: Law Kim Seng , Hsu Yi‐Ting , Chen Hsu‐Peng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the impacts of messenger RNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines in Taiwanese pregnant women in terms of obstetrical and neonatal outcomes.MethodsThe authors prospectively followed up 450 pregnant women receiving vaccination at a single center. Patients recorded prespecified adverse reactions via a mobile application up to 30 days after the first and second doses. Obstetrical and neonatal outcomes were compared with those of pregnant women, during the same period, who did not undergo vaccination.ResultsAmong the 387 women who received the first dose and were followed up for 30 days, injection site pain, fatigue, injection site swelling, muscle ache, and headache were the most prevalent side effects. There were 4.7‐, 5.7‐, 7.1‐, and 9.3‐fold increases in fatigue, injection site swelling, muscle ache, and headache, respectively, among the 231 women who received the second dose. Most of the side effects resolved by 14 days and all resolved by 30 days after each doses. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in obstetrical and neonatal morbidity or mortality between the vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts.ConclusionNo serious adverse reactions were noted among pregnant women receiving messenger RNA vaccinations with comparable obstetrical and neonatal outcomes to unvaccinated pregnant women.
Wide‐field Stokes polarimetric microscopy for second harmonic generation imaging
Authors: Uribe Castaño Leonardo , Mirsanaye Kamdin , Kontenis Lukas , Krouglov Serguei , Žurauskas Edvardas , Navab Roya , Yasufuku Kazuhiro , Tsao Ming‐Sound , Akens Margarete K. , Wilson Brian C. , Barzda Virginijus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe employ wide‐field second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy together with nonlinear Stokes polarimetry for quick ultrastructural investigation of large sample areas (700 μm × 700 μm) in thin histology sections. The Stokes vector components for SHG are obtained from the polarimetric measurements with incident and outgoing linear and circular polarization states. The Stokes components are used to construct the images of polarimetric parameters and deduce the maps of ultrastructural parameters of achiral and chiral nonlinear susceptibility tensor components ratios and cylindrical axis orientation in fibrillar materials. The large area imaging was employed for lung tumor margin investigations. The imaging shows reduced SHG intensity, increased achiral susceptibility ratio values, and preferential orientation of collagen strands along the boarder of tumor margin. The wide‐field Stokes polarimetric SHG microscopy opens a possibility of quick large area imaging of ultrastructural parameters of tissue collagen, which can be used for nonlinear histopathology investigations.
Time Trends in Trajectories of Forearm Mineral Content and Bone Size during Childhood—Results from Cross‐Sectional Measurements with the Same Apparatus Four Decades Apart
Authors: Rosengren Björn E. , Karlsson Jessica , Bergman Erika , Ahlborg Henrik , Jehpsson Lars , Karlsson Magnus K. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTEvidence suggests that single photon absorptiometry (SPA)‐measured forearm bone mineral density (BMD) is lower in contemporary children in Malmö than it was four decades ago, but the fracture incidence in the at‐risk population (all Malmö children) has been stable during the same period. The aim of this study was to evaluate if improvements in skeletal structure over time may explain this observation. In 2017–2018 we measured distal forearm bone mineral content (BMC; mg/cm) and periosteal diameter (mm) in 238 boys and 204 girls aged 7–15 using SPA. Based on the SPA measurements, we calculated forearm BMD (mg/cm2), bone mineral apparent density (BMAD, mg/cm3), section modulus, and strength index (BMAD × section modulus). The results were compared with those derived from measurements of 55 boys and 61 girls of the same ages using the same scanner in 1979–1981. We used log‐linear regression with age, sex, and cohort as predictors to investigate differences in trait trajectories (trait versus age slopes [mean percent difference in beta values (95% confidence interval)]). SPA‐measured forearm BMC was lower at each age in 2017–2018 compared to 1979–1981 (a mean age and sex adjusted relative difference of 9.1%), the forearm BMC trajectory was similar in 2017–2018 to that in 1979–1981 (reference) [0.0%/year (−1.0%, 1.0%)], while the 2017–2018 forearm periosteal diameter trajectory was steeper [1.1%/year (0.3%, 2.0%)]. Since bone size influences both BMD (BMC divided by scanned area) and mechanical characteristics, the forearm BMD trajectory was flatter in 2017–2018 [−1.1%/year (−2.0%, −0.2%)] and the forearm section modulus trajectory steeper [3.9%/year (1.4%, 6.4%)]. Forearm strength index trajectory was similar [1.8%/year (−0.5%, 4.1%)]. The lower SPA‐measured forearm BMD trajectory in contemporary children compared to four decades ago may be offset by changes in forearm bone structure, resulting in similar overall bone strength. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Oncologic resection of pancreatic cancer with isolated liver metastasis: Favorable outcomes in select patients
Authors: Nagai Minako , Wright Michael J. , Ding Ding , Thompson Elizabeth D. , Javed Ammar A. , Weiss Matthew J. , Hruban Ralph H. , Yu Jun , Burkhart Richard A. , He Jin , Cameron John L. , Wolfgang Christopher L. , Burns William R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and liver metastasis are treated with palliative chemotherapy, whereas similar patients with metastatic colorectal cancer are considered for aggressive surgery.MethodsUsing an institutional database, PDAC patients undergoing liver resection for isolated metastasis were identified. Their overall survival (OS), treatment factors, and clinicopathological variables associated with survival were also evaluated.ResultsForty‐seven patients underwent curative‐intent surgery for metastatic PDAC to the liver between 2000 and 2019. Median OS was 21.9 months from diagnosis. Fourteen patients underwent unplanned resection of radiographically occult liver metastasis during pancreatectomy with median OS of 8.7 months. On the other hand, 29 patients received systemic chemotherapy followed by planned resection; this cohort had the most favorable prognosis following aggressive surgery with median OS being 38.1 months from diagnosis and 24.1 months from surgery. Preoperative chemotherapy (HR = 7.1; p = .002) and moderate to well differentiation of the primary tumor (HR = 3.7; p = .003) were associated with prolonged survival in multivariate analysis, whereas lymph node metastases, response to preoperative therapy, number of liver metastasis, and extent of liver surgery were not.ConclusionsIn select patients with PDAC and isolated liver metastasis, curative‐intent surgery can result in meaningful survival. This aggressive approach seems most beneficial in patients following induction chemotherapy.
Direct foreign investment and intellectual property reform in the South
Authors: Kanwar Sunil , Sperlich Stefan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe study the association between intellectual property (IP) reform in developing countries and their foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows over 2004–2015, after their transition period under the World Trade Organization. Using conditional difference‐in‐differences estimation, we find unambiguous evidence that stronger IP rights spur FDI inflows. Further, this response is heterogenous across countries and time. Whereas the effect of a unit increase in IP protection on the percentage increase in
inflows remains about 0.50 for countries with small magnitudes of knowledge assets (roughly 15 ‘international patents’), it declines to about 0.25 for countries with larger knowledge capital (say, 5000 ‘international patents’). The results are robust to numerous robustness checks.
Detecting Early‐Stage Liver Fibrosis Using Macromolecular Proton Fraction Mapping Based on Spin‐Lock MRI: Preliminary Observations
Authors: Hou Jian , Wong Vincent W.‐S. , Qian Yurui , Jiang Baiyan , Chan Anthony W.‐H. , Leung Howard H.‐W. , Wong Grace L.‐H. , Yu Simon C.‐H. , Chu Winnie C.‐W. , Chen Weitian 
Published: January 2023

Macromolecular proton fraction (MPF) and T1rho maps for two representative patients with F0 and F2 stage fibrosis as confirmed by liver histology. (A) MPF maps from a patient with F0 stage fibrosis, (B) MPF maps from a patient with F2 stage fibrosis, (C) T1rho maps from the same patient with F0 stage fibrosis, and (D) T1rho maps from the same patient with F2 stage fibrosis. by Jian Hou et al. (485–492).
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Persistent effects of COVID‐19 in patients hospitalized during the first wave of the pandemic: The impact of persistent fatigue on quality of life in a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Skinner Joseph P. , Moran Lauren V. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 can affect physical and mental health long after acute infection. In this descriptive study, 48 individuals hospitalized for COVID‐19 between April and May 2020 were interviewed regarding their experience with COVID‐19 after hospitalization. The mean age of participants was 51.1 (±11.91) years (range 25–65 years) and 26 (54.2%) were men. Individuals had a mean of 1.2 (±0.94) comorbidities associated with more severe COVID‐19, with hypertension (37.5%) being most common. Nineteen (39.6%) individuals required treatment in the intensive care unit. Participants were interviewed a median time of 553 days (IQR, 405.5−589.0) after discharge from the hospital. Thirty‐seven (77.1%) individuals had 5 or more persistent symptoms at time of interview with only 3 (6.3%) experiencing none. The most reported persistent symptoms were fatigue (79.2%), difficulty breathing (68.8%), and muscle weakness (60.4%). Poor quality of life was experienced by 39 (81.3%) participants and 8 (16.7%) had a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) score within the clinical range for diagnosis. For multivariable analyses, persistent fatigue was significantly predicted by number of symptoms during acute COVID‐19 (t = 4.4, p < 0.001). Number of symptoms during acute COVID‐19 was also significantly associated with persistent dyspnea (t = 3.4, p = 0.002). Higher scores on the Chalder fatigue scale after COVID‐19 was significantly associated with poor quality of life (t = 2.6, p = 0.01) and PTSD symptomatology (t = 2.9, p = 0.008). More research is needed to highlight the wide range of resources those suffering from Long COVID require long after discharge.
Controls on methylmercury concentrations in lakes and streams of peatland‐rich catchments along a 1700 km permafrost gradient
Authors: Thompson Lauren M. , Kuhn McKenzie A. , Winder Johanna C. , Braga Lucas P. P. , Hutchins Ryan H. S. , Tanentzap Andrew J. , St. Louis Vincent L. , Olefeldt David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPermafrost thaw may increase the production of neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg) in northern peatlands, but the downstream delivery of MeHg is uncertain. We quantified total mercury (THg) and MeHg concentrations in lakes and streams along a 1700 km permafrost transect in boreal western Canada to determine the influence of regional permafrost extent compared to local lake and catchment characteristics. In lakes, we assessed sediment microbial communities and modeled potential rates of water column photodemethylation (PD). Regardless of permafrost conditions, peatlands were the primary sources of MeHg across the transect as MeHg concentrations in streams increased with aromatic dissolved organic carbon (DOC), iron, and lower pH. Higher DOC and greater catchment peatland extent were further associated with higher stream %MeHg (MeHg/THg). Peatland lakes were potential MeHg sinks, with lower MeHg concentrations than streams (mean ± 1SD: 0.19 ± 0.23 and 0.47 ± 0.77 ng MeHg L−1, respectively), and larger stream catchments had lower %MeHg where PD may occur in abundant small lakes. Microbial communities in lake sediments showed that abundance of Hg reducing genes (merA) predominated over Hg methylating (hgcA) and MeHg demethylating (merB) genes. The effects of permafrost extent on MeHg processes in lakes were secondary to the influence of local catchment characteristics, but lakes in regions with less permafrost had higher DOC concentrations, higher %MeHg, and lower potential rates of PD. Our study highlights a need to understand the impacts of climate change on MeHg source and sink processes, particularly as mediated through changes to peatland DOC, to improve projections of future MeHg concentrations in northern catchments.
Some like it warm: How warm brands mitigate the negative effects of social exclusion
Authors: Kim Soyoung , Murray Kyle B. , Moore Sarah G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConsumers' feelings of being excluded—which indicate a deficit in important social resources such as connection, acceptance, and support—have increased over the last 50 years. In this research, by adopting a resource‐based view of brands, we examine how and why brands play a role in socially excluded consumers' lives. Across a series of studies, we find that excluded consumers perceive warm (vs. less warm) brands as better relationship partners. Because of this, excluded consumers choose warm (vs. less warm) brands more often, and they feel less lonely as a result. We also test the role of brand warmth relative to brand competence and to individual differences in self‐acceptance. We find that excluded consumers' preferences for warm brands persist even when the warm brands are low in competence and even when consumers possess high self‐acceptance. This research reveals the relational, resource‐restorative role of warm brands and provides implications for consumers' coping and emotional well‐being in our increasingly isolated society.
A sulfur‐33 nuclear quadrupole resonance study of 33S2‐labeled L‐cystine
Authors: Yamada Kazuhiko , Masuda Yuichi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe sulfur electric‐field‐gradient tensor for a disulfide bond in 33S2‐labeled L‐cystine has been investigated by 33S nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR). 33S2‐labeled L‐cystine is synthesized by introduction of disulfide ions prepared from elemental 33S‐sulfur into an amino acid derivative, the side chain of which is iodinated. In its NQR spectrum, sharp single peaks are observed at between 24.63 and 24.90 MHz in the temperature range from 80 to 298 K. The two‐dimensional nutation echo 33S NQR experiment is carried out at 160 K, and the quadrupole coupling constant, CQ, and the asymmetric parameter, ηQ, are obtained to be 46.9(9) MHz and 0.6(1), respectively. The calculated 33S electric‐field‐gradient tensor components with respect to the molecular frame is briefly discussed.
Poststocking Survival and Myxospore Evaluation of Whirling Disease-Resistant Rainbow Trout Strains
Authors: Erickson Tyler A. , Schisler George J. , Fetherman Eric R. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The ensuing spread of whirling disease following its initial introduction in the United States in the late 1950s caused drastic declines in populations of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. The German Rainbow (GR) strain has strong resistance to Myxobolus cerebralis, the parasite causing whirling disease, but also has an extensive history as a domesticated food-production fish, resulting in traits that are presumed to be maladaptive for survival in the wild. The wild Harrison Lake Rainbow (HAR) strain exhibits reduced infection severity compared with other wild Rainbow Trout strains, but resistance is lower than the GR strain and was considered insufficient to meet management goals. Prior research suggests that crosses of GR with susceptible strains create offspring with Myxobolus cerebralis resistance and survival rates intermediate to the parental strains in lotic environments, but analysis on lentic environments with larger predators has been limited. We evaluated survival rates and infection severities of fingerling Rainbow Trout stocked into a lentic environment from four different strains with theoretically varying resistances to Myxobolus cerebralis: GR, HAR, and an F1 [GR × HAR(50:50)] and F2 [GR × HAR(75:25)] crossed strain between the GR and HAR strains. Using Seber dead-recovery models, we found that both the HAR and GR × HAR(50:50) strains had the highest survival rate, followed sequentially by the GR × HAR(75:25) and GR. Whirling disease resistance, as estimated from infection probability and severity, increased with increasing GR strain genetic background. To reduce spore loads and increase resistance in managed Rainbow Trout populations, we suggest stocking strains like the GR × HAR(50:50) that have respectable whirling disease resistance and high survival rates, enabling wild recruitment with increased cost-efficiency of stocking.
More than one‐half of the variance in in vivo proton MR spectroscopy metabolite estimates is common to all metabolites
Authors: Prisciandaro James J. , Zöllner Helge J. , Murali‐Manohar Saipavitra , Oeltzschner Georg , Edden Richard A. E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe present study characterized associations among brain metabolite levels, applying bivariate and multivariate (i.e., factor analysis) statistical methods to total creatine (tCr)‐referenced estimates of the major Point RESolved Spectroscopy (PRESS) proton MR spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) metabolites (i.e., total NAA/tCr, total choline/tCr, myo‐inositol/tCr, glutamate + glutamine/tCr) acquired at 3 T from medial parietal lobe in a large (n = 299), well‐characterized international cohort of healthy volunteers. Results supported the hypothesis that 1H‐MRS–measured metabolite estimates are moderately intercorrelated (Mr = 0.42, SDr = 0.11, ps < 0.001), with more than one‐half (i.e., 57%) of the total variability in metabolite estimates explained by a single common factor. Older age was significantly associated with lower levels of the identified common metabolite variance (CMV) factor (β = −0.09, p = 0.048), despite not being associated with levels of any individual metabolite. Holding CMV factor levels constant, females had significantly lower levels of total choline (i.e., unique metabolite variance; β = −0.19, p < 0.001), mirroring significant bivariate correlations between sex and total choline reported previously. Supplementary analysis of water‐referenced metabolite estimates (i.e., including tCr/water) demonstrated lower, although still substantial, intercorrelations among metabolites, with 37% of total metabolite variance explained by a single common factor. If replicated, these results would suggest that applied 1H‐MRS researchers shift their analytical framework from examining bivariate associations between individual metabolites and specialty‐dependent (e.g., clinical, research) variables of interest (e.g., using t‐tests) to examining multivariable (i.e., covariate) associations between multiple metabolites and specialty‐dependent variables of interest (e.g., using multiple regression).
Bidirectional effects of voluntary exercise on the expression of Bdnf isoforms in the hippocampus of Hatano rat strains displaying different activity levels
Authors: Chiba Shuichi , Asano Hikaru , Moriya Shogo , Hatakeyama Taichi , Kobayashi Shohei , Ohta Ryo , Kawaguchi Maiko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBrain‐derived neurotrophic factor has functional mRNA isoforms, whose expression is assumed to mediate the beneficial effects of exercise in neuropsychiatric disorders. This study aims to reveal the mechanism of intensity‐dependent effects of voluntary exercise, focusing on the expression of Bdnf mRNA isoforms in Hatano rats. Animals with different voluntary activity were housed in cages with a locked or unlocked wheel for 5 weeks. The expression levels of Bdnf isoforms and the corresponding coding sequences (CDS) were measured in the hippocampus using real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We found that exercise increased the expression of Bdnf isoform containing exon 1 in the high‐intensity‐running strain and decreased the expressions of Bdnf exon 1, 3, 6, 7, 8, and 9a in mild‐intensity‐running animal. The expression of Bdnf CDS was increased by exercise in both strains. These results suggest that expressions of Bdnf isoforms depend on the intensities of voluntary exercise, but the involvement of subjects' genetic background could not be excluded. Our finding also implies that the bidirectional effects of exercise may not be mediated via the final product of Bdnf.
Towards an open innovation ecosystem in the cultural industry: The bright side of trust and the dark side of measurement
Authors: Dianova Vera , Miniero Giulia , Suleiman David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe concept of open innovation ecosystems is receiving increasing attention in academic literature, but its application to the cultural industries and, more specifically, to philanthropically‐funded cultural initiatives, remains a largely unexplored domain. This study, leveraging on in‐depth interviews with stakeholders, observation and immersion in the field, employs primary qualitative data from a philanthropically‐funded cultural initiative and applies the ecosystem‐as‐structure conceptual framework to study the factors that have enabled a nascent open innovation ecosystem in the cultural industries to emerge. Findings point to a number of essential components and characteristics of the emergent ecosystem that are crucial elements of success in the view of key stakeholders. The findings consequently shed light on the managerial practices and strategy that facilitate the success of a philanthropically‐funded artistic initiative which fosters the creation of a new open innovation arts ecosystem.
Synthesis of Bis(3‐indolyl)methanes Mediated by Potassium tert‐Butoxide
Authors: Santos A. Sofia , Ferro Rita D. , Viduedo Nuno , Maia Luísa B. , Silva Artur M. S. , Marques M. Manuel B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe indole moiety is an important N‐heterocycle found in natural products, and a key structural component of many value‐added chemicals including pharmaceuticals. In particular, bis(3‐indolyl)methanes (BIMs) are an important subgroup of indoles, composed of two indole units. Herein, we report the development of a simple method to access BIMs derivatives in yields of up to 77 % by exploiting a tBuOK‐mediated coupling reaction of indoles and benzyl alcohols.