bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Fungus Associated with the Foliar Disease of Scent Basil (Ocimum gratissimum L) in Nigeria, and its Effect on the Proximate and Phytochemical Composition of the Leaves of the Plant
Authors: Ibiam Onyekachi Francis Akanu , Samuel Obinna Akpa  , Chidozie Dennis Udechukwu  , Felicia Nmom  , Eucharia Nnenna Onwe  , Sunday Michael Sam  , Lovina Iyandu Udoh  , Tobechukwu Ebele Okeke  , Smart Chima Nwosu  , Franklin Chikezie Amrose  
Published: March 2023

Scent basil (Ocimum gratissimum L) is a plant of great medicinal, and ornamental value. Parts of the plant, especially, the leaves, are used to garnish food, treat various health challenges ranging from gasrtro-intestinal problem, cough etc. Despite its usefulness, the leaves are affected by some yellowish-brown distortions which affect their maximum use as ornamental and others. This work is aimed at isolation and identification of the fungus associated with this foliar problem, and its effect on the proximate and phytochemical composition of the leaves which could reduce their maximum benefits to man. Standard method was used for the isolation of the fungal culprit, and the manual of Barnett and Hunter was used for its identification. The method of AOAC was used for the analysis of the proximate and the anti-nutrient compositions, while the mineral composition was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. All the chemicals used in this work were of analytical grades. The result showed that Geotrichum gloeosporoides was associated with the leaves of the plant. Moisture, carbohydrate, crude fat, protein, crude fiber and ash, all the minerals sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron, and the anti-nutrient alkaloids, phenol, glycoside, tannins, steroids, flavonoids, and quinone contents of the apparently healthy leaves, were significantly higher than the infected (p <0.05). Generally, the results showed that the organism caused significant decrease in the proximate and phytochemical contents of the infected leaves, which implies a marked reduction in the nutrients benefits consumers could derive from the leaves of the plant.
Bombardment of CO Ice by Cosmic Rays. I. Experimental Insights into the Microphysics of Molecule Destruction and Sputtering
Authors: Ivlev Alexei V. , Giuliano Barbara M. , Juhász Zoltán , Herczku Péter , Sulik Béla , Mifsud Duncan V. , Kovács Sándor T. S. , Rahul K. K. , Rácz Richárd , Biri Sándor , Rajta István , Vajda István , Mason Nigel J. , Ioppolo Sergio , Caselli Paola 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present a dedicated experimental study of microscopic mechanisms controlling radiolysis and sputtering of astrophysical ices upon bombardment by cosmic-ray ions. Such ions are slowed down owing to inelastic collisions with bound electrons, resulting in ionization and excitation of ice molecules. In experiments on CO ice irradiation, we show that the relative contribution of these two mechanisms of energy loss to molecule destruction and sputtering can be probed by selecting ion energies near the peak of the electronic stopping power. We have observed a significant asymmetry, in both the destruction cross section and the sputtering yield, for pairs of ion energies corresponding to the same values of the stopping power on either side of the peak. This implies that the stopping power does not solely control these processes, as usually assumed in the literature. Our results suggest that electronic excitations represent a significantly more efficient channel for radiolysis and, likely, for sputtering of CO ice. We also show that the charge state of incident ions and the rate for CO+ production in the ice have a negligible effect on these processes.
Demographics of Protoplanetary Disks: A Simulated Population of Edge-on Systems
Authors: Angelo Isabel , Duchene Gaspard , Stapelfeldt Karl , Telkamp Zoie , Ménard François , Padgett Deborah , Van der Plas Gerrit , Villenave Marion , Pinte Christophe , Wolff Schuyler , Fischer William J. , Perrin Marshall D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The structure of protoplanetary disks plays an essential role in planet formation. A disk that is highly inclined, or “edge-on,” is of particular interest since its geometry provides a unique opportunity to study the disk’s vertical structure and radial extent. Candidate edge-on protoplanetary disks are typically identified via their unique spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and subsequently confirmed through high-resolution imaging. However, this selection process is likely biased toward the largest, most-massive disks, and the resulting sample may not accurately represent the underlying disk population. To investigate this, we generated a grid of protoplanetary disk models using radiative transfer simulations and determined which sets of disk parameters produce edge-on systems that could be recovered by the aforementioned detection techniques—i.e., identified by their SEDs and confirmed through follow-up imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope. In doing so, we adopt a quantitative working definition of “edge-on disks” (EODs) that is observation driven and agnostic about the disk inclination or other properties. Folding in empirical disk demographics, we predict an occurrence rate of 6.2% for EODs and quantify biases toward highly inclined, massive disks. We also find that EODs are underrepresented in samples of Spitzer-studied young stellar objects, particularly for disks with host masses of M ≲ 0.5 M
⊙. Overall, our analysis suggests that several dozen EODs remain undiscovered in nearby star-forming regions, and provides a universal selection process to identify EODs for consistent, population-level demographic studies.
JWST Low-resolution MIRI Spectral Observations of SN 2021aefx: High-density Burning in a Type Ia Supernova
Authors: DerKacy J. M. , Ashall C. , Hoeflich P. , Baron E. , Shappee B. J. , Baade D. , Andrews J. , Bostroem K. A. , Brown P. J. , Burns C. R. , Burrow A. , Cikota A. , de Jaeger T. , Do A. , Dong Y. , Dominguez I. , Galbany L. , Hsiao E. Y. , Karamehmetoglu E. , Krisciunas K. , Kumar S. , Lu J. , Evans T. B. Mera , Maund J. R. , Mazzali P. , Medler K. , Morrell N. , Patat F. , Phillips M. M. , Shahbandeh M. , Stangl S. , Stevens C. P. , Stritzinger M. D. , Suntzeff N. B. , Telesco C. M. , Tucker M. A. , Valenti S. , Wang L. , Yang Y. , Jha S. W. , Kwok L. A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present a JWST/MIRI low-resolution mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic observation of the normal Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) SN 2021aefx at +323 days past rest-frame B-band maximum light. The spectrum ranges from 4 to 14 μm and shows many unique qualities, including a flat-topped [Ar iii] 8.991 μm profile, a strongly tilted [Co iii] 11.888 μm feature, and multiple stable Ni lines. These features provide critical information about the physics of the explosion. The observations are compared to synthetic spectra from detailed non–local thermodynamic equilibrium multidimensional models. The results of the best-fitting model are used to identify the components of the spectral blends and provide a quantitative comparison to the explosion physics. Emission line profiles and the presence of electron capture elements are used to constrain the mass of the exploding white dwarf (WD) and the chemical asymmetries in the ejecta. We show that the observations of SN 2021aefx are consistent with an off-center delayed detonation explosion of a near–Chandrasekhar mass (M
Ch) WD at a viewing angle of −30° relative to the point of the deflagration to detonation transition. From the strengths of the stable Ni lines, we determine that there is little to no mixing in the central regions of the ejecta. Based on both the presence of stable Ni and the Ar velocity distributions, we obtain a strict lower limit of 1.2 M
⊙ for the initial WD, implying that most sub-M
Ch explosions models are not viable models for SN 2021aefx. The analysis here shows the crucial importance of MIR spectra in distinguishing between explosion scenarios for SNe Ia.
Le confort hors réseau. Se chauffer au bois, au charbon et au pétrole dans les villes françaises au XX e siècle
Authors: Viguié Renan 
Published: March 2023

Au XX e siècle, en France, le chauffage des logements fut profondément bouleversé par les énergies de réseau (gaz et électricité), mais aussi par l’élaboration d’autres technologies qui permirent une centralisation de la chaleur et sa diffusion dans les habitations. Dans les discours, le confort domestique devait nécessairement emprunter ces réseaux techniques et les chauffages au gaz, à l’électricité tout comme le chauffage urbain étaient présentés comme les symboles du progrès destinés à remplacer les modes de chauffage individuels. Pourtant, ces réseaux énergétiques et de chaleur ne remplacèrent pas les autres modes de chauffage : la cheminée, la cuisinière, le poêle, les radiateurs et les appareils individuels de chauffage central persistèrent durant tout le siècle incarnant, tout autant que les dispositifs connectés au réseau, le confort thermique. Cet article s’intéresse à la manière dont se maintinrent ces appareils dans les villes françaises. Il insiste sur le rôle des pratiques quotidiennes et des entreprises qui ralentirent le développement du chauffage en réseau, nuançant les représentations de la modernité des réseaux.
Only Disconnect: The Problem of Stormwater in Providence, Rhode Island
Authors: Coren Sam 
Published: March 2023

Après avoir servi pendant deux siècles de déversoir pour des effluents toxiques, la rivière Providence (Providence, Rhode Island, États-Unis) redevient à nouveau propice à la pêche et à la baignade. Cela est dû en grande partie au Combined Sewage Overflow Abatement Project (CSOAP), un réseau de tunnels situé à environ 90 mètres sous la ville qui capte les eaux chargées des égouts après de fortes pluies. Parallèlement, une infrastructure d’espaces verts répartis dans toute la ville complète le travail du CSOAP, en détournant les eaux de ruissellement des rivières et des ruisseaux locaux tout en fournissant un habitat aux plantes de zones humides et aux pollinisateurs. Il s’agit d’une transformation remarquable, mais provisoire et, à tous égards, loin d’être achevée. En effet, on ne sait pas comment les infrastructures actuelles résisteront à des tempêtes plus fréquentes et à la montée des eaux. Et il reste à voir si la planification de la résilience donnera du pouvoir aux communautés en première ligne, comme le promet le Plan de justice climatique de la ville, ou si elle ne fera qu’accentuer le fossé béant qui sépare les riches de la ville des autres communautés. La restauration des bassins versants jette-t-elle les bases d’une ville plus juste et plus habitable, ou est-ce simplement un moyen, pour citer Erik Swyngedouw, de « soutenir l’urbanité capitaliste afin que rien ne change vraiment » ? Les constructions de zones humides, de « jardins de pluie », de sites de biodégradations et les toutes les autres propositions similaires sont-elles « triviales », comme me l’a fait remarquer un analyste, ou offrent-elles une ouverture pour réimaginer la vie urbaine ? Quels types d’avenir ce « virage vert » prépare-t-il ? Dans cet article, je vise à situer la récente émergence de l’infrastructure verte dans le contexte de l’héritage sanitaire de la gouvernance hydraulique de Providence. J’examine ensuite comment la combinaison en cours (et encore en évolution) des systèmes verts et gris de la ville permet de réassembler l’ordre hydrosocial, et avec quel effet.
Le fait urbain en Sicile hellénistique
Authors: Mège Frédéric 
Published: March 2023

Le fait urbain en Sicile hellénistique s’insère entre les grandes cités siciliennes d’époque classique, elles-mêmes héritières des expériences coloniales archaïques, et la mainmise de Rome, avènement d’un gouvernement centralisé de l’île. Son étude a souvent été l’objet de vives polémiques dans la communauté scientifique à propos de la chronologie et des implications socioculturelles de certains éléments marquants du paysage urbain : édifices, plans d’urbanisme et aménagements privés. Le but de ce livre est d’en proposer une synthèse en le considérant dans son ensemble et en versant au débat des données inédites provenant de la Mégara Hyblaea hellénistique.

L’enquête montre notamment comment les populations de Sicile hellénistique ont amélioré leur confort et leur bien-être domestiques, au regard d’autres endroits de la Méditerranée. Cette tendance de fond se perçoit avec l’apparition dans les habitations siciliennes des premières latrines et salles de bains ainsi que par une ornementation croissante des salles dites « de réception ». Les plans des habitations ont évolué de pair avec ces nouveaux aménagements : ainsi voit-on apparaître à côté des habitats traditionnels « à cour centrale » de nouvelles planimétries telles que les cours à péristyle et les plans « à deux cours ». L’urbanisme des villes de Sicile hellénistique, c’est-à-dire l’organisation planifiée de l’espace urbain, a moins connu ces innovations et présente le plus souvent une nette continuité avec des principes édictés à l’époque classique, voire archaïque.

L’ensemble des données archéologiques ainsi revues et remises en perspectives permet de réfléchir à une nouvelle approche de la Sicile aux IVe et IIIe siècles av. J.-C. C’est par cet état des connaissances et ces réflexions que le présent livre entend proposer sa contribution à l’étude du fait urbain en Sicile hellénistique.
Changes in the Level of Zinc and Copper and Some Biochemical Parameters in Patients with Chronic Kidney Failure
Authors: Hameed Omar Mohamed , Rashed Sukayna Hussain , Al-Helaly Luay Abed 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Chronic kidney failure (CRF) is characterized by a progressive loss of functional status over weeks or months, which may result in one of the illness's recognized consequences, such as cardiovascular disease, chest pain, or anemia. CRF has been generally understood as a worldwide public health problem and a big factor to death and morbidity during the previous decade.

Methods:
Determination of zinc and copper, urea, creatinine, total protein, globulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in (CRF) Iraqi patients. This study included (40) patients and (38) healthy subjects as control. Samples were collected from January to April (2022). The biochemical parameters were determined using spectrophotometrically, but zinc and copper were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

Results:
Copper, urea, creatinine, ALP, AST, ALT, and LDH were significantly higher in CRF patients, whereas zinc, total protein, albumin, and globulin were lower in CRF patients as compared with control. The research also concerned study the relation between sex (male and female) and biochemical parameters which showed significant differences in comparison male of patients with males of control, yet globulin showed nonsignificant differences. While patients and control females showed nonsignificant differences.

Conclusions:
LDH in CRF patients might be used as a biomarker to detect renal dysfunction in dialysis patients at an early point, and blood serum Zn deficit in CRF. Furthermore, a relationship among Zn and albumin amounts was discovered. As a result, Zn and copper in CRF, particularly hypoalbuminemia, must be frequently evaluated and adjusted.
Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 Interaction with Growth Factor Receptor Bound Protein 7 Acts as a Molecular Switch to Activate Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Chauhan Anita , Kalra Seema 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The progression and metastasis of non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are considered a very complex process as it involves aberrations of multiple genes and cellular pathways. Genes which are differentially expressed in NSCLC have multi interactions with other genes, which can promote the carcinogenesis. To improve diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC, it is vitally important to study these interactions and understand their roles in the molecular mechanism of NSCLC. As the need to find more potential targets for NSCLC is very paramount we have predicted very important interactions for NSCLC.

Methods:
In our study, some NSCLC specific genes were differentially identified from microarray datasets and text mining of SCLC and NSCLC abstracts. The expression of these genes has been seen in 8 different cancer types and NSCLC stages. A network of genes specific to NSCLC has been identified and interactions of these NSCLC specific genes have been studied.

Results:
We found two network modules joined through erb b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (ERBB2) in NSCLC i.e. network of genes growth factor receptor bound protein 7 (GRB7), StAR related lipid transfer domain containing 3, post GPI attachment to proteins 3 and migration and invasion enhancer 1 ERBB2 interacting with GRB7 and PAK1 using GIANT. In normal lungs, ERBB2 is strongly interacting with PAK1 and in NSCLC it has strong interaction with GRB7.

Conclusion:
We have found that ERBB2 and GRB7 interaction is a transforming connection between normal lung and NSCLC.
An Observational Comparative Study of Clinicoepidemiological Profile of COVID-19 Patients Admitted in the Tertiary Care Hospital During First and Second Wave on Pandemic
Authors: Darivemula Surendra Babu , Dara Chennakesavulu , Sagar Triveni , Bala Sudha , Animalla Venkatesham 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic on March 11, 2020. India confirmed its first case of COVID-19 on 30 January and within 8 weeks the total number of cases had crossed the 1000 mark.

Methods:
An Observational comparative study was done to see the clinic epidemiological profile, and identify the determinants of COVID 19 patients admitted in the hospital in the last 1 year in both the first and second waves with respect to. All individuals testing positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were included.

Results:
A total of 1710 was hospitalized, 701 (40.9%) and 1009 (59.1%) were involved in first and second wave. The mean age was 42.58 ± 13.99 and 45.32 ± 14.18 and majority of them were belong to the 20–60 years and the comparison was showing statistically significant (P = 0.004). The participants affected with the risk factors like smoking 276 (27.3) and alcohol 237 (23.5) with P < 0.0001. The duration of stay was (median 6 [inter quartile range (IQR) 3–7] days in the first wave vs. median 7 [IQR 3–9] days in the second wave; P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The second wave had shown more aggressive nature in spreading the COVID-19 infection than the first wave. Besides the steep rise of the cases, there has been more among the patients with commodities and risk factors in the second wave.
Transfer Learning-Based Electrocardiogram Classification Using Wavelet Scattered Features
Authors: Sabeenian R. S. , Sree Janani K. K. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The abnormalities in the heart rhythm result in various cardiac issues affecting the normal functioning of the heart. Early diagnosis helps prevent serious outcomes and to treat them effectively. This work focuses on classifying the various abnormalities with the changes in the heart rhythm and demographic data. The pretrained convolution neural network models classify the wavelet scattered data of different arrhythmic electrocardiograms (ECGs).

Methods:
The ECG signals of different anomalies from the PhysioNet database are re-sampled and segmented. The sampling is done using the linear interpolation method, which estimates values between the sample points based on nearby data points. The inter-dependence variances among the data points were extracted using wavelet scattering. The one-dimensional (1D) signal data are converted into 2D scalogram images using continuous wavelet transform. Pretrained deep learning models are used to extract features from the scalogram images and classify using a support vector machine classifier. The classification results are analyzed using various performance metrics such as precision, specificity, recall, F-measure, and accuracy. The relationship between the model performance and network depth and learnables is analyzed.

Results:
The classification results show that the ResNet18 achieves higher accuracy of 98.81% for raw data and 97.05% for wavelet scattered data. No dependency exists between the model depth, network parameters, and performance. The ResNet18 model achieves higher precision, recall, specificity, and F-measure values of 96.49%, 96.42%, 98.24%, and 96.45%, respectively, for wavelet scattered data.

Conclusions:
The ResNet18 achieves generalized results in classifying dimensionality-reduced data with reduced computational cost and high accuracy. The DenseNet model achieves higher performance metrics for raw data, whereas the ResNet18 model achieves higher performance metrics for wavelet scattered data.
The Consequences of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 on Acute Kidney Injury Among Iraqi Patients
Authors: Al-Khero Zahraa Faris , Yousif Zahra'a Abd Al-Aziz , Salman Hamzah Abdulrahman , Thanoon Allaa Hatim 
Published: March 2023

Background:
COVID-19 is considered one of the most infectious diseases that can spread by air droplets and can cause serious complications in the respiratory tract, also could affect many organs like the kidney and causing acute kidney injury (AKI). The study aimed to evaluate the status of the kidney function of patients who are infected with COVID-19 and how the virus is involved in AKI.

Methods:
The research was conducted from 15 January to 25 February 2021. One hundred patients (56% of males and 44% of females) were involved in the present study. All the samples were tested for COVID-19 using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Kidney function tests such as serum creatinine and blood urea, as well as COVID-19 infection severity measurements such as level of ferritin, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were tested for all patients.

Results:
All enrolled patients were positive for COVID-19. All the patients (100%) were positive for AKI (the mean of urea and creatinine were 78.87 mg/dl, and 2.16 μg/ml, respectively) and the mean age was 66.9 years. The infection severity was high as the level of ferritin (729.19 ng/ml), D-dimer (3.84 μg/ml), and CRP (71.87 mg/L) were high compared to normal values. The study revealed that AKI is probably worsened by COVID-19 infection, which is also connected to the greater severity of the disease.

Conclusion:
According to the results, we found a direct link between COVID-19 infection and the development of AKI. The study recommended giving critical care and attention with respect to kidney function to those who had COVID-19 infection.