bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative outcomes of total elbow replacement in haemophilic elbow arthropathy: A systematic review
Authors: Anazor Fitzgerald Chukwuemeka , Uthraraj Nachappa , Relwani Jaikumar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionTotal elbow replacement (TER) is a surgical treatment option for haemophilic elbow arthropathy.AimTo review the outcomes of TER in haemophilic elbow arthropathy. The primary outcome measures were perioperative blood loss, postoperative complications, revision rates and length of hospital stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes were elbow range of motion (ROM), functional outcome scores and the visual analogue pain scale (VAS).Materials and methodsPubMed, Medline, Embase and the Cochrane register were searched conforming to the PRISMA guidelines. Only studies with a minimum postoperative follow‐up of 1 year were included. Quality appraisal was performed utilizing the MINORS criteria.ResultsOne hundred and thirty‐eight articles were identified. Following article screening, only seven studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 51 TERs in 38 patients were performed, with the Coonrad–Morrey prosthesis utilized in 51% of cases. The pooled postoperative complication and revision rates were 49% and 29%, respectively. Surgery‐related postoperative mortality was 3.9%. The mean preoperative Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) was 43 ± 20 whereas the mean postoperative MEPS was 89 ± 6. Mean preoperative VAS was 7.2 ± 1.9 while the mean postoperative VAS was 2.0 ± 1.4. Mean preoperative and postoperative elbow flexion arcs were 54 ± 15 and 91 ± 10 degrees, respectively. Mean preoperative and postoperative forearm rotation arcs were 86 ± 40 and 135 ± 19 degrees, respectively.ConclusionTER for haemophilic elbow arthropathy provides good to excellent improvements in pain and elbow ROM postoperatively. However, the overall complication and revision rates are relatively high, when compared to TER performed for other indications.
Blockchain application in consumer services: A review and future research agenda
Authors: Bhawna  , Gupta Priya , Rai Pratibha , Chauhan Ajay 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe potential of blockchain technology (BCT) to modify and innovates established business structures and frameworks has received widespread attention. Academia and businesses are becoming increasingly curious about how this technology could be used to improve and refine consumer services and operations. Despite the growing popularity of blockchain research in consumer services, there remains a dearth of detailed summaries in the literature. Hence, this bibliometric analysis, combined with a systematic literature review (SLR) using SPAR‐4‐SLR protocol with the theories, characteristics, contexts, and methods framework (A hybrid review), aims to convey qualitative and quantitative knowledge on the ever‐evolving subject of blockchain application in consumer services in an organized manner. Specifically, this article analyses: (1) the current publication trends in studies devoted to blockchain‐based applications for consumers, (2) the most important publications and themes of research in this field, (3) the evolution of blockchain in consumer service over the years, and the most current trends in this field, (4) the advantages and challenges of incorporating BCT into consumer services, (5) gaps in the existing literature that future researchers should investigate. In addition, this review also describes the widely used theories, characteristics, and methods in the application of blockchain in consumer service research by examining the most applied theories, methods, constructs, and study contexts and paving the way for new research directions. The review includes 417 documents after searching for scholarly publications in two databases (Web of Science and Scopus) and choosing documents based on their relevance to the stated goals.
Fusion‐targeted biopsy significantly improves prostate cancer detection in biopsy‐naïve men
Authors: Blas Leandro , Shiota Masaki , Tsukahara Shigehiro , Goto Shunsuke , Kinoshita Fumio , Matsumoto Takashi , Monji Keisuke , Kashiwagi Eiji , Inokuchi Junichi , Eto Masatoshi 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThe precise diagnosis of prostate cancer (PC) is crucial to avoid underdiagnosis, overdiagnosis, and overtreatment. We aimed to compare clinically significant PC (csPC) detection between MRI/ultrasound fusion‐targeted prostate (TBx) compared to systematic biopsy (SBx) in biopsy‐naïve Japanese men.MethodsWe included patients with suspect PC due to elevated PSA level or abnormal digital rectal examination, or both. csPC was defined as International Society Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade group ≥2 (csPC‐A) and ISUP grade group ≥3 (csPC‐B).ResultsThis study included 143 patients. Overall PC detection was 66.4% for SBx and 67.8% for MRI‐TBx. MRI‐TBx presented a significantly higher rate of csPC detection (csPC‐A 67.1% vs. 58.7%, p = 0.04, and csPC‐B 49.6% vs. 39.9%, p < 0.001) and significantly lower detection of non‐csPC‐A (0.6% vs. 6.7%). Importantly, MRI‐TBx missed 4.9% (7/143) of csPC‐A and only 0.7% (1/143) of csPC‐B. On the other hand, SBx alone missed 13.3% (19/143) of csPC‐A and 4.2% (6/143) of csPC‐B.ConclusionMRI‐TBx significantly outperformed 12‐cores SBx for csPC detection and decreased non‐csPC detection in biopsy‐naive men. Performing MRI‐TBx without SBx would have missed some csPC, supporting that MRI‐TBx synergizes with SBx to increase csPC detection.
Patients' experiences of completing patient‐reported outcomes in clinical trials: An interview study
Authors: Østergaard Louise Dorner , Nørgaard Birgitte , Holm Malene Eiberg , Hansen Ann‐Kirstine , Lund Lars , Poulsen Mads Hvid 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to gain insight into how older men diagnosed with prostate cancer experience responding to ePRO about their quality of life in a clinical trial as well as what motivates and demotivates them in the process. Drop‐outs in patient‐reported outcome studies are a well‐known challenge that influence both the reliability and validity of clinical trials. Furthermore, retaining older people in electronic patient‐reported outcome (ePRO) studies has proven difficult. This study was based on qualitative semi‐structured interviews with 13 male patients. The interviews were conducted between April and May 2022 and were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. We analysed the interview inductively using Braun and Clark's thematic analysis. Resulting in five core themes among participants' responses: (1) the ePRO frame is feasible, (2) it is challenging to rate one's life on a scale, (3) increased disease insight, (4) unmet expectations of emotional support, and (5) from motivation to demotivation. The informants were motivated primarily by the idea of helping with new knowledge, but also because ePRO was seen as easy to use and access from home. They were further motivated by the new knowledge they gained through ePRO about symptoms and the possibility to follow their own progress. However, relating to their own quality of life creates an expectation that nurses and doctors will do the same in their treatment, and when this does not happen, the initial motivation turns into demotivation as ePRO knowledge was not used to tailor their treatment and follow‐up. In conclusion, older men can participate in ePRO. They are motivated by helping with new knowledge, the ability to answer ePRO from home, and the insights they gain from the questionnaire. They lose motivation when their responses are not used to tailor their disease management.
Effects of the Rho GTPase‐activating toxin CNF1 on fibroblasts derived from Rett syndrome patients: A pilot study
Authors: Cittadini Camilla , Germinario Elena Angela Pia , Maroccia Zaira , Cosentino Livia , Maselli Valeria , Gambardella Lucrezia , Giambenedetti Massimo , Guidotti Marco , Travaglione Sara , Fallerini Chiara , Renieri Alessandra , Marcillo David Israel Escobar , Ricceri Laura , Fortini Paola , De Filippis Bianca , Fiorentini Carla , Fabbri Alessia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe bacterial product CNF1, through its action on the Rho GTPases, is emerging as a modulator of crucial signalling pathways involved in selected neurological diseases characterized by mitochondrial dysfunctions. Mitochondrial impairment has been hypothesized to have a key role in paramount mechanisms underlying Rett syndrome (RTT), a severe neurologic rare disorder. CNF1 has been already reported to have beneficial effects in mouse models of RTT. Using human RTT fibroblasts from four patients carrying different mutations, as a reliable disease‐in‐a‐dish model, we explored the cellular and molecular mechanisms, which can underlie the CNF1‐induced amelioration of RTT deficits. We found that CNF1 treatment modulates the Rho GTPases activity of RTT fibroblasts and induces a considerable re‐organization of the actin cytoskeleton, mainly in stress fibres. Mitochondria of RTT fibroblasts show a hyperfused morphology and CNF1 decreases the mitochondrial mass leaving substantially unaltered the mitochondrial dynamic. From a functional perspective, CNF1 induces mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and activation of AKT in RTT fibroblasts. Given that mitochondrial quality control is altered in RTT, our results are suggestive of a reactivation of the damaged mitochondria removal via mitophagy restoration. These effects can be at the basis of the beneficial effects of CNF1 in RTT.
Double‐contrast barium enema is no longer justified as a backup examination for colonoscopy in the population screening program: Population study in an organized fecal immunochemical test‐based screening program
Authors: Hsu Wen‐Feng , Su Chiu‐Wen , Hsu Chen‐Yang , Yen Amy Ming‐Fang , Chen Sam Li‐Sheng , Chiu Sherry Yueh‐Hsia , Lee Yi‐Chia , Hsu Tsui‐Hsia , Lin Li‐Ju , Chia Shu‐Li , Wu Ming‐Shiang , Chen Hsiu‐Hsi , Chiu Han‐Mo ,   for the Taiwan Colorectal Cancer Screening Program
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimCurrently, some countries still acknowledge double‐contrast barium enema (DCBE) as a backup confirmatory examination when colonoscopy is not feasible or incomplete in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs. This study aims to compare the performance of colonoscopy and DCBE in terms of the risk of incident CRC after negative results in the fecal immunochemical test (FIT)‐based Taiwan Colorectal Cancer Screening Program.MethodsSubjects who had positive FITs and received confirmatory exams, either colonoscopy or DCBE, without the findings of neoplastic lesions from 2004 to 2013 in the screening program comprised the study cohort. Both the colonoscopy and DCBE subcohorts were followed until the end of 2018 and linked to the Taiwan Cancer Registry to identify incident CRC cases. Multivariate analysis was conducted to compare the risk of incident CRC in both subcohorts after controlling for potential confounders.ResultsA total of 102 761 colonoscopies and 5885 DCBEs were performed after positive FITs without neoplastic findings during the study period. By the end of 2018, 2113 CRCs (2.7 per 1000 person‐years) and 368 CRCs (7.6 per 1000 person‐years) occurred in the colonoscopy and DCBE subcohorts, respectively. After adjusting for major confounders, DCBE had a significantly higher risk of incident CRC than colonoscopy, with an adjusted HR of 2.81 (95% CI = 2.51–3.14).ConclusionsIn the FIT screening program, using DCBE as a backup examination was associated with a nearly threefold risk of incident CRC compared with colonoscopy, demonstrating that it is no longer justified as a backup examination for incomplete colonoscopy.
Adoption of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors among prescribers caring for nursing home residents
Authors: Hayes Kaleen N. , Berry Sarah D. , Munshi Medha N. , Zullo Andrew R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor (SGLT2I) use has increased among community‐dwelling populations, but little is known about how clinicians have prescribed them for US nursing home (NH) residents. We described the adoption of SGLT2Is by prescribers caring for long‐stay NH residents by clinician specialty and over time, compared with sulfonylureas, an older diabetes medication class.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of prescribers of SGLT2Is and sulfonylureas for all long‐stay US NH residents aged 65 years or older (2017–2019). Using 100% of Medicare Part D claims linked to prescriber characteristics data, we identified all dispensings of SGLT2Is and sulfonylureas for long‐stay NH residents and their associated prescribers. We described the distribution of prescriber specialties for each drug class over time as well as the number of NH residents prescribed SGLT2s versus sulfonylureas. We estimated the proportions of prescribers who prescribed both drug classes versus only sulfonylureas or only SGLT2Is.ResultsWe identified 36,427 unique prescribers (SGLT2I: N = 5811; sulfonylureas: N = 35,443) for 117,667 NH residents between 2017 and 2019. For both classes, family medicine and internal medicine physicians accounted for most prescriptions (75%–81%). Most clinicians (87%) prescribed only sulfonylureas, 2% prescribed SGLT2Is only, and 11% prescribed both. Geriatricians were least likely to prescribe only SGLT2Is. We observed an increase in the number of residents with SGLT2I use from n = 2344 in 2017 to n = 5748 in 2019.ConclusionsAmong NH residents, most clinicians have not incorporated SGLT2Is into their prescribing for diabetes, but the extent of use is increasing. Family medicine and internal medicine physicians prescribed the majority of diabetes medications for NH residents, and geriatricians were the least likely to prescribe only SGLT2Is. Future research should explore provider concerns regarding SGLT2I prescribing, particularly adverse events.
An overview of the resilience world: Proceedings of the American Geriatrics Society and National Institute on Aging State of Resilience Science Conference
Authors: Abadir Peter M. , Bandeen‐Roche Karen , Bergeman Cindy , Bennett David , Davis Daniel , Kind Amy , LeBrasseur Nathan , Stern Yaakov , Varadhan Ravi , Whitson Heather E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResilience, which relates to one's ability to respond to stressors, typically declines with age and the development of comorbid conditions in older organisms. Although progress has been made to improve our understanding of resilience in older adults, disciplines have employed different frameworks and definitions to study various aspects of older adults' response to acute or chronic stressors. “Overview of the Resilience World: State of the Science,” a bench‐to‐bedside conference on October 12–13, 2022, was sponsored by the American Geriatrics Society and National Institute on Aging. This conference, summarized in this report, explored commonalities and differences among the frameworks of resilience most commonly used in aging research in the three domains of resilience: physical, cognitive, and psychosocial. These three main domains are intertwined, and stressors in one domain can lead to effects in other domains. The themes of the conference sessions included underlying contributors to resilience, the dynamic nature of resilience throughout the life span, and the role of resilience in health equity. Although participants did not agree on a single definition of “resilience(s),” they identified common core elements of a definition that can be applied to all domains and noted unique features that are domain specific. The presentations and discussions led to recommendations for new longitudinal studies of the impact of exposures to stressors on resilience in older adults, the use of new and existing cohort study data, natural experiments (including the COVID‐19 pandemic), and preclinical models for resilience research, as well as translational research to bring findings on resilience to patient care.
Potential benefits of intranasal neuropeptide Y include sustained extinction of fear memory
Authors: Sabban Esther L. , Serova Lidia , Nahvi Roxanna J. , Liu Xiaoping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCompelling evidence in animals and humans from a variety of approaches demonstrate that neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the brain can provide resilience to development of many stress‐elicited symptoms. Preclinical experiments demonstrated that delivery of NPY by intranasal infusion to rats shortly after single exposure to traumatic stress in the single prolonged stress (SPS) rodent model of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can prevent development of many relevant behavioral alterations weeks later, including heightened anxiety and depressive‐like behavior. Here, we examined responses to intranasal NPY in the absence of stress to evaluate the safety profile. Rats were administered intranasal NPY (150 μg/rat) or equal volume of vehicle (distilled water), and 7 days later they were tested on the elevated plus maze (EPM) and forced swim test (FST). There was no significant difference in the number of entries or duration in the open or closed arms, or in their anxiety index. Defecation on the EPM and immobility on the FST, measures of anxiety and depressive‐like behavior respectively, were similar in both groups. To further characterize potential benefits of intranasal NPY, its effect on fear memory and extinction, important features of PTSD, were examined. Intranasal administration of NPY at the time of the traumatic stress had a profound effect on fear conditioning a week later. It prevented the SPS‐triggered impairment in the retention of extinguished behavior, both contextual and cued. The findings support the translation of non‐invasive intranasal NPY delivery to the brain for PTSD‐behaviors including impairments in sustained extinction of fear memories.
Managing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome: A qualitative interview study with women and healthcare professionals
Authors: Lumley Elizabeth , O'Cathain Alicia , Drabble Sarah , Pye Clare , Brian Kate , Metwally Mostafa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the experiences of women who have had ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, and healthcare professionals who care for them.BackgroundOvarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a side effect of fertility treatment. Little research exists internationally that explores the experiences of women who have had this condition, or the healthcare professionals who manage it.DesignQualitative study using semi‐structured interviews.MethodsEighteen interviews with women who had experienced ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (n = 10) and healthcare professionals (n = 8) in six UK fertility centres. Framework analysis was used. This paper is reported following COREQ guidelines.ResultsWomen described a range of symptoms and severity, sometimes experiencing worrying physical health problems such as abdominal swelling and shortness of breath. The combination of the symptoms, and their management, on delaying future fertility treatment could cause emotional distress. Healthcare professionals at different centres described variation in practice, which generally involved ‘active monitoring’ until symptoms became severe, when women would be hospitalised. Women expressed feeling ‘left in limbo’ while waiting for symptoms to improve or worsen, and described a lack of control during this waiting period. Healthcare professionals felt they provided adequate information about ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and its management. This, however, did not align with women's perceptions that information, including potential delays to their fertility treatment, was missing. There was similar mismatch between women's and healthcare professionals' views of decision‐making about fertility treatment following ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, including women's concerns about having to make rushed, unplanned decisions about their fertility treatment when they did not feel adequately informed to do so.ConclusionOvarian hyperstimulation syndrome and its management can have a significant physical and emotional impact on women, and influence their fertility treatment. Improvements could be made to the information women receive about this condition, its management and its implications for wider fertility treatment.Implications for the profession and/or patient careNurses have the skills and knowledge to support women through the physical and emotional stresses of fertility treatment. Therefore, they are well placed to provide specialist information and support for OHSS and ensure women are fully informed about all aspects of the condition, including how its management might delay fertility treatment.
A graph‐based method for quantifying crack patterns on reinforced concrete shear walls
Authors: Bazrafshan Pedram , On Thinh , Basereh Sina , Okumus Pinar , Ebrahimkhanlou Arvin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an innovative method to quantify damage based on surface cracks of reinforced concrete shear walls (RCSWs). The key idea is to use artificial intelligence and convert crack patterns to graphs. In this method, the mathematics of graph theory is used to extract information (graph‐based features) from crack patterns and use them for crack quantification. The proposed graph features are used in linear regression and leave‐one‐out cross‐validation to predict the mechanical features calculated for each RCSW: Park and Ang damage index and the dissipated energy. Among the three general stages of damage, which are safe, questionable, and not safe, this paper focuses on quantifying the second stage. To validate the approach, crack images of three RCSWs are used. The walls had different aspect ratios (0.54, 0.94, and 2.00) and were subject to quasi‐static cyclic loading. Regression results demonstrate low root mean squared errors and high coefficients of determination (R2 scores above 0.845). This proves the ability of the proposed graph‐based method in quantifying damage based on surface crack patterns.
What experiences constitute failures? High school students’ reflections on their struggles in STEM classes
Authors: Lin‐Siegler Xiaodong , Lovett Benjamin J. , Du Yiran , Yamane Kan , Wang Keying , Hadis Syntia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInculcating the capacity to adapt successfully to failures is essential for talent development in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields. Despite its importance, this capacity to learn from failure is among the least understood processes in the field of talent development. This study aims to investigate how students conceptualize and react to failures and whether there is a correlation between students’ conceptualizations of failure, emotional reactions to it, and academic performance. We invited 150 high‐achieving high school students to share, interpret, and label their most memorable struggles in their STEM classes. Most of their struggles focused on the learning process itself, such as poor understanding of the subject matter, insufficient motivation or effort, or adopting ineffective learning strategies. Poor performance outcomes, such as poor test scores and bad grades, were not mentioned as frequently as the learning process. Students who labeled their struggle experiences as failures tended to focus more on performance outcomes, whereas students who labeled their struggle experiences as neither failures nor successes focused more on the learning process. Higher‐achieving students were also less likely to label their struggles as failures than less‐high achievers. Implications for classroom instruction are discussed with a particular focus on talent development in STEM fields.