bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of financial development and capital accumulation on labor productivity in sub-Saharan Africa: new insight from cross sectional autoregressive lag approach
Authors: Zoaka Joshua Dzankar , Güngör Hasan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aims to shed light on the effects of financial development and accumulation of capital on the productivity of labor in the sub-Sahara African region within the period of 1990–2018. In this work, we used the (dynamic) common correlated effects estimator-mean group and additional techniques such as cross-section autoregressive distributed lag to calibrate the sample into the African subregion to ensure robustness. The findings reveal that financial progress in the region over time leads to an increase in productivity of labor and also the accumulation of capital. Furthermore, financial markets have a progressive impact on the productivity of labor within sub-Saharan African regions. We extend the very limited literature on the nexus between financial development and labor productivity by incorporating capital accumulation into our model which has not been previously studied.
The five times sit-to-stand test: safety, validity and reliability with critical care survivors’s at ICU discharge
Authors: de Melo Thiago Araújo , Silva Guimarães Fernando , Lapa e Silva José Roberto 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST) has been found reliable, safe and valid for measuring healthy adults’ lower limb muscle strength and for determining balance control, fall risk, and exercise capacity among older examinees. We believe that the FTSST has the potential to be a straightforward, low cost and valuable tool for identifying muscle disability and functional status following critical illness. The aim of our study was to establish the applicability, safety, and psychometric qualities of FTSST in patients at Intensive Care Unit (ICU) discharge.

Methods
In our study applicability was determined by assessing the percentage of patients who could perform the test at ICU discharge. Safety was assessed by examining data regarding any exacerbated haemodynamic and respiratory responses or adverse events associated with the test. For assessing FTSST reliability, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), standard error of measurement (SEM) and Bland-Altman plot were used. For assessing concurrent validity handgrip strength, ICU length of stay, duration of invasive ventilation, Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS3) and age variables were used. For investigating predictive validity, correlations between the FTSST and measures of hospital length of stay and functional independence were evaluated.

Results
Only 30% of ICU survivors (n = 261 out of 817) were eligible to perform the FTSST and 7% of patients who performed the test (n = 10 out of 142) presented adverse events. Both inter (ICC 0.92 CI95% 0.89–0.94) and intra-rater (ICC 0.95 CI95% 0.93–0.96) reliability were excellent and higher scores were associated with lower muscle strength, longer hospital stay and greater functional impairment at hospital discharge in adult survivors of critical diseases.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that the FTSST may be applicable only to high-functioning critical care survivors. In this specifical population, FTSST is a safe, easy to perform, valid and reliable measure that can be applied to fall risk and functional recovery management.
Psychometric properties and measurement invariance of the Rigid and Flexible Persistence Scale in a Brazilian professional sample
Authors: Peixoto Evandro Morais , Silva Marcus Vinicius , Noronha Ana Paula Porto , Chichekian Tanya , Vallerand Robert J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPersistence involves the intention to maintain efforts when faced with obstacles and challenges, in order to achieve a specific goal. The Rigid and Flexible Persistence Scale (RFPS) is a self-report measure that assesses persistence that is theoretically derived from the premises of the Dualistic Model of Passion. The aim of the present research was to adapt the RFPS to Brazilian Portuguese and to estimate its evidence of validity and reliability in the context of work. Participants were 400 professionals, 55.8% women, aged between 18 and 68 years. The results indicate that the RFPS presented validity evidence based on the content. Corresponding to the theoretical expectations, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated adequacy of the structure composed of two factors, explaining 75% of the data variance, with good levels of reliability. The RFPS also revealed strong invariance across gender and work conditions (in-person vs remote). Flexible persistence showed positive association with harmonious passion and occupational self-efficacy. Conversely, rigid persistence showed positive association with obsessive passion. It was observed a mediational role of occupational self-efficacy in the relationship between harmonious passion and flexible persistence. Overall, the findings suggest that the RFPS is an adequate measure of persistence in a Brazilian occupational sample.
Periodic plane-wave electronic structure calculations on quantum computers
Authors: Song Duo , Bauman Nicholas P. , Prawiroatmodjo Guen , Peng Bo , Granade Cassandra , Rosso Kevin M. , Low Guang Hao , Roetteler Martin , Kowalski Karol , Bylaska Eric J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA procedure for defining virtual spaces, and the periodic one-electron and two-electron integrals, for plane-wave second quantized Hamiltonians has been developed, and it was validated using full configuration interaction (FCI) calculations, as well as executions of variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) circuits on Quantinuum’s ion trap quantum computers accessed through Microsoft’s Azure Quantum service. This work is an extension to periodic systems of a new class of algorithms in which the virtual spaces were generated by optimizing orbitals from small pairwise CI Hamiltonians, which we term as correlation optimized virtual orbitals with the abbreviation COVOs. In this extension, the integration of the first Brillouin zone is automatically incorporated into the two-electron integrals. With these procedures, we have been able to derive virtual spaces, containing only a few orbitals, that were able to capture a significant amount of correlation. The focus in this manuscript is on comparing the simulations of small molecules calculated with plane-wave basis sets with large periodic unit cells at the $$\Gamma$$
Γ
-point, including images, to results for plane-wave basis sets with aperiodic unit cells. The results for this approach were promising, as we were able to obtain good agreement between periodic and aperiodic results for an LiH molecule. Calculations performed on the Quantinuum H1-1 quantum computer produced surprisingly good energies, in which the error mitigation played a small role in the quantum hardware calculations and the (noisy) quantum simulator results. Using a modest number of circuit runs (500 shots), we reproduced the FCI values for the 1 COVO Hamiltonian with an error of 11 milliHartree, which is expected to improve with a larger number of circuit runs.
Incorporation of zinc oxide nanoparticles and it’s antibacterial effect on toothpaste
Authors: El Shahawi Amal M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Dental caries is the most prevalent oral infection affecting the individuals worldwide, and Streptococcus mutans is the major microorganism involved in its pathology. Thus, the aim was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of addition of nanozinc particles on toothpaste with different concentrations. The study was carried out as Deburdent toothpaste was used as a control group, and nanozinc particles were added with different concentrations to the same toothpaste, and antibacterial test for each group was evaluated.

Methods
Group 1: (control group) toothpaste only. Group 2: 0.5% of nanozinc particles added to toothpaste. Group 3: 1% of nanozinc particles added to toothpaste. The three groups were incubated for 24 h at 37 °C, and the antibacterial test was tested for all groups using agar well diffusion method.

Results
All the samples had antibacterial effect against streptococcus mutans. Meanwhile, Group 3 has showed the greatest zone of inhibition compared to the control group showed the lowest effect.

Conclusions
One % of nanozinc particles were more efficient on Sterptoccocus mutans in comparison with 0.5% nanozinc particles concentration effect.
An efficient non-iterative smoothed particle hydrodynamics fluid simulation method with variable smoothing length
Authors: Li Min , Li Hongshu , Meng Weiliang , Zhu Jian , Zhang Gary 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn classical smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) fluid simulation approaches, the smoothing length of Lagrangian particles is typically constant. One major disadvantage is the lack of adaptiveness, which may compromise accuracy in fluid regions such as splashes and surfaces. Attempts to address this problem used variable smoothing lengths. Yet the existing methods are computationally complex and non-efficient, because the smoothing length is typically calculated using iterative optimization. Here, we propose an efficient non-iterative SPH fluid simulation method with variable smoothing length (VSLSPH). VSLSPH correlates the smoothing length to the density change, and adaptively adjusts the smoothing length of particles with high accuracy and low computational cost, enabling large time steps. Our experimental results demonstrate the advantages of the VSLSPH approach in terms of its simulation accuracy and efficiency.
The effect of hippocampal NR2B-containing NMDA receptors on chronic cognitive dysfunction in rats with temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Luo Xiaoqing , Li Cheng , Yu Xiaoli , Kuang Guangtao , Wang Xiaolu , Liang Jufang , Jiang Jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
We have previously reported that hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) was suppressed in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) rats. The N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors containing 2B subunit (NR2B-NMDARs) are indispensable to induce the LTP of hippocampus. However, it is still unknown whether the NR2B-NMDARs are implied with the cognitive dysfunction in TLE rats.

Methods
The TLE model was lithium chloride-pilocarpine (li-pilo) model. Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the cognitive function of epileptic rats. Expression of hippocampal NR2B-NMDAs was evaluated by western blotting. Stereotactic injection of NMDA, an agonist of NR2B-NMDARs, into the hippocampus of TLE rats was used to investigate the role of NR2B-NMDARs on cognitive dysfunction.

Results
Cognitive function TLE rats was significantly reduced compared with controls in the Morris water maze test (P < 0.05). Western blotting data showed the down-expression of hippocampal NR2B-NMDARs and p-NR2B in TLE rats compared with the control (P < 0.05). In addition, hippocampal stereolocalization of NMDA injection improved partially the learning and memory in TLE rats (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Down-expression and low activity of hippocampal NR2B-NMDARs may be implied with chronic cognitive dysfunction in TLE rats.
High-order compact gas-kinetic schemes for three-dimensional flow simulations on tetrahedral mesh
Authors: Zhao Fengxiang , Ji Xing , Shyy Wei , Xu Kun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA general framework for the development of high-order compact schemes has been proposed recently. The core steps of the schemes are composed of the following. 1). Based on a kinetic model equation, from a generalized initial distribution of flow variables construct a time-accurate evolution solution of gas distribution function at a cell interface and obtain the corresponding flux function; 2). Introduce the WENO-type weighting functions into the high-order time-derivative of the cell interface flux function in the multistage multi-derivative (MSMD) time stepping scheme to cope with the possible impingement of a shock wave on a cell interface within a time step, and update the cell-averaged conservative flow variables inside each control volume; 3). Model the time evolution of the gas distribution function on both sides of a cell interface separately, take moments of the inner cell interface gas distribution function to get flow variables, and update the cell-averaged gradients of flow variables inside each control volume; 4). Based on the cell-averaged flow variables and their gradients, develop compact initial data reconstruction to get initial condition of flow distributions at the beginning of next time step. A compact gas-kinetic scheme (GKS) up to sixth-order accuracy in space and fourth-order in time has been constructed on 2D unstructured mesh. In this paper, the compact GKS up to fourth-order accuracy on three-dimensional tetrahedral mesh will be further constructed with the focus on the WENO-type initial compact data reconstruction. Nonlinear weights are designed to achieve high-order accuracy for the smooth Navier-Stokes solution and keep super robustness in 3D computation with strong shock interactions. The fourth-order compact GKS uses a large time step with a CFL number 0.6 in the simulations from subsonic to hypersonic flow. A series of test cases are used to validate the scheme. The high-order compact GKS can be used in 3D applications with complex geometry.
Epidemiology of total hip arthroplasty: demographics, comorbidities and outcomes
Authors: Patel Ishan , Nham Fong , Zalikha Abdul K. , El-Othmani Mouhanad M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary THA (THA) is a successful procedure for end-stage hip osteoarthritis. In the setting of a failed THA, revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) acts as a salvage procedure. This procedure has increased risks, including sepsis, infection, prolonged surgery time, blood loss, and increased length of stay. Increasing focus on understanding of demographics, comorbidities, and inpatient outcomes can lead to better perioperative optimization and post-operative outcomes. This epidemiological registry study aimed to compare the demographics, comorbidity profiles, and outcomes of patients undergoing THA and rTHA.

Methods
A retrospective review of discharge data reported from 2006 to the third quarter of 2015 using the National Inpatient Sample registry was performed. The study included adult patients aged 40 and older who underwent either THA or rTHA. A total of 2,838,742 THA patients and 400,974 rTHA patients were identified.

Results
The primary reimbursement for both THA and rTHA was dispensed by Medicare at 53.51% and 65.36% of cases respectively. Complications arose in 27.32% of THA and 39.46% of rTHA cases. Postoperative anemia was the most common complication in groups (25.20% and 35.69%). Common comorbidities in both groups were hypertension and chronic pulmonary disease. rTHA indications included dislocation/instability (21.85%) followed by mechanical loosening (19.74%), other mechanical complications (17.38%), and infection (15.10%).

Conclusion
Our data demonstrated a 69.50% increase in patients receiving THA and a 28.50% increase in rTHA from the years 2006 to 2014. The data demonstrated 27.32% and 39.46% complication rate with THA and rTHA, with postoperative anemia as the most common cause. Common comorbidities were hypertension and chronic pulmonary disease. Future analyses into preoperative optimizations, such as prior consultation with medical specialists or improved primary hip protocol, should be considered to prevent/reduce postoperative complications amongst a progressive expansion in patients receiving both THA and rTHA.
Does Gelfoam slurry embolization post-pulmonary biopsy reduce risk of pneumothorax? A prospective randomized control study
Authors: Salama Nada Mohsen , Tabashy Reda Hassan , Mahmoud Ikram Hamed , Rahman Abd El Rahman Mohamed Abd El , Mohamed Dalia Negm Eldin , Kassas Hebatalla El 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic biopsy has become a widely accepted safe method in establishing the etiology of lung masses. Pneumothorax is the most commonly faced complication requiring further therapeutic intervention for treatment with chest tube drainage adding to the time of hospital stay.

Aim of work
We aim to evaluate the effect of Gelfoam mixture biopsy tract embolization as a minimal added cost in reducing the overall rate of complications, the need of chest tube placement, and hospital stay.

Patient and methods
A total of 138 transthoracic CT-guided lung biopsies were randomized to 70 track embolized patients and 68 control. The study protocol was approved from the National Cancer Institute ethical committee review board. Data were collected from the local PACS system and analyzed, reviewed and performed by one of three interventional radiologists. Patient records were analyzed for primary health risks, pre-procedural CT was analyzed for lesion-related risk factors, and intra-procedural CTs were analyzed for procedure-related risk factors. Outcome measures include incidence of pneumothorax, pneumothoraxes requiring chest tube insertion and hospital admission rates.

Results
Marked pneumothorax requiring chest tube insertion and hospital admission were significantly reduced in the embolized group as 7.1% compared to 19% in the non-embolized group with significant p value of 0.037. Hospital admissions reduced from 19% down to 4.3% in embolized cases with a significant p value of 0.007. On univariate regression analysis, embolization reduced chest tube placement odds by 68% (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.109–0.97, p = 0.044). The only significant procedural-related factor was needle pleural angle > 70° where it increased the risk of pneumothorax by 2.85 times and chest tube placement by 3.10 times. Gelfoam embolization significantly reduces the odds of post-procedural hospital admission by 81% (OR = 0.189, 95% CI 0.051–0.699, p = 0.012). In multivariate regression analysis, Gelfoam was significantly protective against chest tube insertion and prolonged hospital stay, by reducing the odds 74.3% (OR = 0.257, 95% CI 0.082–0.808, p = 0.020) and 86% (OR = 0.133, 95% CI 0.027–0.662, p = 0.014), respectively. Needle pleural angle more than 70° increased odds of chest tube insertion by 252%. Lesions that were in very low position related to the diaphragm and just behind ribs were less prone to chest tube insertion by 83% (OR = 0.164, 95% CI 0.035–0.779, p = 0.02), while those showing mediastinal invasion and central lung lesions had increased odds by 6.812 times (95% CI 1.452–31.958, p = 0.015) for longer hospital stays.

Conclusions
Gelfoam embolization post-CT-guided lung biopsy has proven to statistically reduce large pneumothoraces requiring chest tube insertion, longer hospital stay, and reduced unnecessary expenses.
An unusual presentation of the external auditory canal mass
Authors: Kishore Prathiba , Amalanathan Sophia , Rajendiran Abinaya , Colbert Kumaran Alias Ramesh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
External auditory canal (EAC) masses can arise secondary to a multitude of ear pathologies like congenital, inflammatory, infective, or malignancy. The most common causes of external auditory canal masses are due to otitis media—squamous and mucosal types, tubercular otitis media, malignant otitis externa, and benign tumors like osteomas, exostosis, pleomorphic adenoma, tumors from the ceruminous and sebaceous glands; and malignant tumors like squamous cell carcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. The management of an external auditory canal mass will vary in each case, depending upon the underlying pathology and the extent of the involvement of the surrounding structures.

Case presentation
In our case report, we report a neglected foreign body in the external auditory canal that presented as an EAC mass and its management.

Conclusion
Hence, we suggest that we need to consider an underlying neglected foreign body as a cause, whenever masses of EAC do not respond to appropriate medical treatment with antibiotics.
Neonatal hearing screening in Soba University Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kardman Siddig E. , Omer Elham M. , Abdalla Nagat , Edris Osama Mohamed Khalid , Kheir Abdelmoneim E. M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Hearing loss in children constitutes a serious obstacle to their optimal development; early detection of hearing disability is vital to improve the outcome of management; currently, in Sudan, there is no national neonatal hearing screening program. The aim of this study is to discuss the results of neonatal hearing screening among newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and well-baby nursery, at Soba University Hospital, Khartoum (Sudan), and to reflect the magnitude of risk factors for hearing impairment present in these two different groups of newborns.

Methods
In this hospital-based cross-sectional study, newborns who were admitted to the NICU or being observed in the well-baby nursery in the period from February 2014 to February 2019 were screened for hearing loss using automated otoacoustic emission (OAE) device after recording the risk factors for hearing loss according to the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) year 2007 position statement and after conducting a detailed ear and general physical examination. Newborns who failed this screening test were rescreened using the same device after 48 h, and if they failed again, they underwent confirmatory auditory brainstem response test when they are 6 months old.

Results
One thousand one hundred twenty newborns were tested; 736 were NICU and 384 were well-baby nursery newborns. The prevalence of hearing impairment after confirmatory test was found to be 10.8 per 1000 in the NICU group and 5.2 per 1000 in the well-baby nursery group considering that the drop rate for the confirmatory test was 50% and 66% respectively which is very high and reflect the poor compliance to the program. The risk factors for hearing loss were more encountered in the NICU group compared to well-baby nursery group. Unmonitored ototoxic drug use was found to be very prevalent and need urgent reconsideration.

Conclusion
In this study, the estimated prevalence of neonatal hearing impairment is alarming; risk factors are very evident especially in the NICU group; this reflect the urgent need for establishing an efficient national program for neonatal hearing screening and working to eliminate the preventable risk factors for neonatal hearing impairment in this developing country.
shox2 is required for vestibular statoacoustic neuron development
Authors: Laureano Alejandra S. , Flaherty Kathleen , Hinman Anna-Maria , Jadali Azadeh , Nakamura Tetsuya , Higashijima Shin-ichi , Sabaawy Hatim E. , Kwan Kelvin Y. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Homeobox genes act at the top of genetic hierarchies to regulate cell specification and differentiation during embryonic development. We identified the short stature homeobox domain 2 (shox2) transcription factor that is required for vestibular neuron development. shox2 transcripts are initially localized to the otic placode of the developing inner ear where neurosensory progenitors reside. To study shox2 function, we generated CRISPR-mediated mutant shox2 fish. Mutant embryos display behaviors associated with vestibular deficits and showed reduced number of anterior statoacoustic ganglion neurons that innervate the utricle, the vestibular organ in zebrafish. Moreover, a shox2-reporter fish showed labeling of developing statoacoustic ganglion neurons in the anterior macula of the otic vesicle. Single cell RNA-sequencing of cells from the developing otic vesicle of shox2 mutants revealed altered otic progenitor profiles, while single molecule in situ assays showed deregulated levels of transcripts in developing neurons. This study implicates a role for shox2 in development of vestibular but not auditory statoacoustic ganglion neurons.