bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute liver failure due to herpes simplex viral hepatitis diagnosed by skin lesions and blood tests: a case report
Authors: Shionoya Kento , Kako Makoto , Masuda Sakue , Makazu Makomo , Koizumi Kazuya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The incidence of acute liver failure from herpes simplex virus is rare.

Case presentation
A 71-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed with acute liver failure and was transferred to our hospital. Steroid therapy, plasma exchange, and hemodiafiltration were started for liver failure, and antimicrobial therapy was initiated for pneumonia. Staphylococcus epidermidis was detected in blood culture. Skin rash appeared; a positive anti-herpes simplex virus result led to the diagnosis of acute liver failure from herpes simplex virus. Hence, acyclovir was started. After blood tests improved, treatments for acute liver failure were discontinued. Antimicrobial therapy was continued; however, he died. In this case, persistent bacteremia and drug-induced liver damage due to acyclovir may have contributed to his death.

Conclusions
Acute liver failure can lead to complications and death. Thus, careful observation is crucial, even if the patient has shown some improvements.
Cinnamic acid and p-coumaric acid are metabolized to 4-hydroxybenzoic acid by Yarrowia lipolytica
Authors: Konzock Oliver , Tous-Mohedano Marta , Cibin Irene , Chen Yun , Norbeck Joakim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractYarrowia lipolytica has been explored as a potential production host for flavonoid synthesis due to its high tolerance to aromatic acids and ability to supply malonyl-CoA. However, little is known about its ability to consume the precursors cinnamic and p-coumaric acid. In this study, we demonstrate that Y. lipolytica can consume these precursors through multiple pathways that are partially dependent on the cultivation medium. By monitoring the aromatic acid concentrations over time, we found that cinnamic acid is converted to p-coumaric acid. We identified potential proteins with a trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase activity in Y. lipolytica and constructed a collection of 15 knock-out strains to identify the genes responsible for the reaction. We identified YALI1_B28430g as the gene encoding for a protein that converts cinnamic acid to p-coumaric acid (designated as TCM1). By comparing different media compositions we found that complex media components (casamino acids and yeast extract) induce this pathway. Additionally, we discover the conversion of p-coumaric acid to 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Our findings provide new insight into the metabolic capabilities of Y. lipolytica and hold great potential for the future development of improved strains for flavonoid production.
Melasma in people with darker skin types: a scoping review protocol on prevalence, treatment options for melasma and impact on quality of life
Authors: Mpofana Nomakhosi , Chibi Buyisile , Gqaleni Nceba , Hussein Ahmed , Finlayson Avenal Jane , Kgarosi Kabelo , Dlova Ncoza Cordelia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Melasma is one of the most encountered dermatoses in dermatology and skin care clinics. It is a challenging chronic, recurrent condition associated with hyperpigmentation. Its aetiology is poorly understood. Melasma affects all races and gender but is more prevalent in women with darker skin types. Being a facial lesion, melasma has a severe impact on quality of life due to its disfigurement. While many modalities of treatment for melasma exists, unfortunately, effectiveness and safety remain a huge concern. Treatment modalities are variable and often unsatisfactory. The objective of this scoping review is to systemically map available evidence from literature regarding melasma on people with darker skin types, garner insight as to how melasma affects the quality of life and begin to investigate and gain understanding on effectiveness of different treatments used for melasma.

Methods
A scoping review guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework, the enhancements and recommendations of Levac, Colquhoun and O’Brien, Daudt and associates and the 2015 Johanna Briggs Institute’s guidelines will be conducted. Systematic electronic searches of databases and search engines will include Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, Science Direct, and Web of Science which will be conducted to attain published peer-reviewed articles of all study designs excluding reviews and grey literature. All literature that meets the inclusion criteria, research question and sub-question will be included in this review. All the retrieved literature will be exported to an Endnote X20 library. Quality appraisal of the included articles will be conducted using the mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) 2018 version.

Discussion
We anticipate mapping relevant literature on the melasma, investigating the effectiveness of treatment options of melasma as well as evaluating its association with quality of life in people with darker skin types. This study is likely to reveal research gaps, which could guide future implementation research on melasma treatment interventions.

Systematic review registration
This protocol has been registered a priori with OSF and is accessible on this link: https://osf.io/ru3jc/.
Inequalities for partial determinants of accretive block matrices
Authors: Fu Xiaohui , Hu Lihong , Salarzay Abdul Haseeb 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLet $A=[A_{i,j}]^{m}_{i,j=1}\in \mathbf{M}_{m}(\mathbf{M}_{n})$
A
=

[

A

i
,
j

]

i
,
j
=
1

m

∈

M
m

(

M
n

)
be an accretive block matrix. We write det1 and det2 for the first and second partial determinants, respectively. In this paper, we show that $$\begin{aligned} \bigl\Vert \operatorname{det}_{1} (\operatorname{Re}A) \bigr\Vert \leq \biggl\Vert \biggl(\frac{\operatorname{tr}( \vert A \vert )}{m} \biggr)^{m}I_{n} \biggr\Vert \end{aligned}$$

∥

det
1

(
Re
A
)
∥

≤

∥

(

tr
(
|
A
|
)

m

)

m

I
n

∥

and $$\begin{aligned} \bigl\Vert \operatorname{det}_{2} (\operatorname{Re}A) \bigr\Vert \leq \biggl\Vert \biggl( \frac {\operatorname{tr}( \vert A \vert )}{n} \biggr)^{n}I_{m} \biggr\Vert \end{aligned}$$

∥

det
2

(
Re
A
)
∥

≤

∥

(

tr
(
|
A
|
)

n

)

n

I
m

∥

hold for any unitarily invariant norm $\|\cdot \|$
∥
⋅
∥
. The two inequalities generalize some known results related to partial determinants of positive-semidefinite block matrices.
Two-dimensional materials for high density, safe and robust metal anodes batteries
Authors: Wong Hoilun , Li Yuyin , Wang Jun , Tang Tsz Wing , Cai Yuting , Xu Mengyang , Li Hongliang , Kim Tae-Hyung , Luo Zhengtang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith a high specific capacity and low electrochemical potentials, metal anode batteries that use lithium, sodium and zinc metal anodes, have gained great research interest in recent years, as a potential candidate for high-energy-density storage systems. However, the uncontainable dendrite growth during the repeated charging process, deteriorates the battery performance, reduces the battery life and more importantly, raises safety concerns. With their unique properties, two-dimensional (2D) materials, can be used to modify various components in metal batteries, eventually mitigating the dendrite growth, enhancing the cycling stability and rate capability, thus leading to safe and robust metal anodes. In this paper, we review the recent advances of 2D materials and summarize current research progress of using 2D materials in the applications of (i) anode design, (ii) separator engineering, and (iii) electrolyte modifications by guiding metal ion nucleation, increasing ion conductivity, homogenizing the electric field and ion flux, and enhancing the mechanical strength for safe metal anodes. The 2D material modifications provide the ultimate solution for obtaining dendrite-free metal anodes, realizes the high energy storage application, and indicates the importance of 2D materials development. Finally, in-depth understandings of subsequent metal growth are lacking due to research limitations, while more advanced characterizations are welcome for investigating the metal deposition mechanism. The more facile and simplified preparation of 2D materials possess great prospects in high energy density metal anode batteries, and thus fulfils the development of EVs.
Enhanced phosphate adsorption and desorption characteristics of MgO-modified biochars prepared via direct co-pyrolysis of MgO and raw materials
Authors: Tu Panfeng , Zhang Guanlin , Cen Yingyuan , Huang Baoyuan , Li Juan , Li Yongquan , Deng Lifang , Yuan Haoran 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiochar modified by metal ions—particularly Mg—is typically used for the effective recovery of phosphorous. In this study, MgO-modified biochars were synthesized via the direct co-pyrolysis of MgO and raw materials such as rice straw, corn straw, Camellia oleifera shells, and branches from garden waste, which were labeled as MRS, MCS, MOT, and MGW, respectively. The resulting phosphate (PO) adsorption capacities and potential adsorption mechanisms were analyzed. The PO adsorption capacities of the biochars were significantly improved after the modification with MgO: MRS (24.71 ± 0.32 mg/g) > MGW (23.55 ± 0.46 mg/g) > MOT (15.23 ± 0.19 mg/g) > MCS (14.12 ± 0.21 mg/g). PO adsorption on the modified biochars was controlled by physical adsorption, precipitation, and surface inner-sphere complexation processes, although no electrostatic attraction was observed. Furthermore, PO adsorbed on modified biochars could be released under acidic, alkaline, and neutral conditions. The desorption efficiency of MRS was modest, indicating its suitability as a slow-release fertilizer.
Graphical Abstract
Successful treatment of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia in a reconstructed jejunum after esophagectomy and remnant gastric tube resection: a case report
Authors: Okamoto Koichi , Saito Hiroto , Shimada Mari , Yamaguchi Takahisa , Tsuji Toshikatsu , Moriyama Hideki , Kinoshita Jun , Nakamura Keishi , Ninomiya Itasu , Takamura Hiroyuki , Inaki Noriyuki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI), an ischemic bowel disease without a disruption of the mesenteric blood flow or strangulation of the mesentery or intestine, may cause a lethal clinical course. We report a very rare case of jejunal necrosis caused by NOMI in the pedicled mesentery of the reconstructed jejunum after remnant gastric tube resection for heterochronous gastric tube cancer after esophagectomy.

Case presentation
An 80-year-old man visited our department with chief complaints of fever and appetite loss after 4 months from gastric tube resection and digestive reconstruction with pedicled jejunum. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed impaired blood flow without torsion of the mesentery, severe wall thickness, and micro-penetration in the reconstructed jejunum and combined pyothorax in the right thoracic cavity. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy demonstrated extensive mucosal necrosis confined to the jejunum, which was elevated in the thoracic cavity. The jejunal necrosis due to NOMI occurring in the reconstructed jejunum was suspected, and lifesaving small bowel resection with right thoracotomy was considered necessary. However, radical operation with right thoracotomy was considered to be excessively invasive and not valid due to the patient’s poor physical status, advanced age, and presence of left adrenal metastasis from the remnant gastric cancer. Therefore, we selected the conservative treatment with fasting, transnasal drainage, and administration of antibiotics due to the patient’s intention. CT-guided right thoracic drainage for the intrathoracic abscess was needed 10 days after starting treatment and the inflammatory response rapidly improved. Follow-up CT and esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed the improvement in the ischemic changes in jejunal mucosa without perforation. Intake was initiated at 20 days after symptom onset, and the patient was discharged at 40 hospital days without any complications and sequelae.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of NOMI occurring in the reconstructed jejunum after remnant gastric tube resection that was successfully treated with a conservative treatment. For NOMI, it is important to make appropriate diagnosis based on imaging findings and perform proper assessment of the patient’s condition. Conservative treatments may be also useful depending on the patient’s condition.
A Systematic Review of the Physical, Physiological, Nutritional and Anthropometric Profiles of Soccer Referees
Authors: Martinho Diogo V. , Field Adam , Rebelo André , Gouveia Élvio R. , Sarmento Hugo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The importance of soccer referees is widely accepted by international soccer organizations and governing bodies, although there is little research summarizing and appraising the literature on soccer referees. The aim of this study was to systematically review the information related to physical demands, nutrition and physiological profiling of soccer referees.

Methods
Conforming with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, searches of three electronic databases (Web of Sciences, PubMed and Scopus) were conducted on 24 April 2022. The following search terms were used: (Soccer OR football AND refer*) AND (physical OR physiolo* OR load* OR “body composition” OR “fat mass” OR “fat free mass” OR “body size” OR “nutrition*” OR “nutritional assessment” OR “nutritional intake” OR “macronutrient*” OR “micronutrient*”). The inclusion criteria of the manuscripts written in English were that articles with male and/or female soccer referees and included relevant data concerning performance, physical testing, nutrition, body composition, body size and/or physiology of soccer referees. The tools developed by the National Institute of Health were used to assess risk of bias according to the study design.

Results
In total, 110 manuscripts were included in the present review. Match activities of soccer referees and assistant referees are not comparable. Variation in performance is influenced by competitive level and competitive schedules. Additionally, match performance is often used to validate field protocols. The associations between match indicators and field protocols were not constant across the included studies, particularly in short-maximal tests. An age decline in physical performance was not conclusive. Body size did not discriminate between referees and assistant referees, as well as referees of different competitive levels. Few studies focused on nutritional guidelines among referees, particularly exercise energy expenditure. Energy intake was comparable across studies, but referees did not follow the daily dietary recommendations. Aerobic output was frequently assessed, and it was not comparable to the values for soccer players.

Conclusions
Although there are decreases in the running profiles of older referees, they maintain the same distances from the ball, and thus, age per se should not be used to define participation at the international level. The assessment of physical fitness warrants future consideration given the levels of fatigue that are apparent at the end of matches. In order to attain ideal levels of body composition, future studies need to provide guidelines for daily energy expenditure and nutritional intake.
Trial registration: The protocol was published in INPLASY (International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols) with the registration number 202280052 and https://doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.005.
Associations Between Cancer Predisposition Mutations and Clonal Hematopoiesis in Patients With Solid Tumors
Authors: Franch-Expósito Sebastià , Mehine Miika , Ptashkin Ryan N. , Bolton Kelly L. , Bandlamudi Chaitanya , Srinivasan Preethi , Zhang Linda , Goodell Margaret A. , Gedvilaite Erika , Menghrajani Kamal , Sánchez-Vela Pablo , Mandelker Diana , Comen Elizabeth , Norton Larry , Benayed Ryma , Gao Teng , Papaemmanuil Elli , Taylor Barry , Levine Ross , Offit Kenneth , Stadler Zsofia , Berger Michael F. , Zehir Ahmet 
Published: August 2023

PURPOSEClonal hematopoiesis (CH), the expansion of clones in the hematopoietic system, has been linked to different internal and external features such as aging, genetic ancestry, smoking, and oncologic treatment. However, the interplay between mutations in known cancer predisposition genes and CH has not been thoroughly examined in patients with solid tumors.METHODSWe used prospective tumor-blood paired sequencing data from 46,906 patients who underwent Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets (MSK-IMPACT) testing to interrogate the associations between CH and rare pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) germline variants.RESULTSWe observed an enrichment of CH-positive patients among those carrying P/LP germline mutations and identified a significant association between P/LP germline variants in ATM and CH. Germline and CH comutation patterns in ATM, TP53, and CHEK2 suggested biallelic inactivation as a potential mediator of clonal expansion. Moreover, we observed that CH- PPM1D mutations, similar to somatic tumor-associated PPM1D mutations, were depleted in patients with P/LP germline mutations in the DNA damage response (DDR) genes ATM, CHEK2, and TP53. Patients with solid tumors and harboring P/LP germline mutations, CH mutations, and mosaicism chromosomal alterations might be at an increased risk of developing secondary leukemia while germline variants in TP53 were identified as an independent risk factor (hazard ratio, 36; P < .001) for secondary leukemias.CONCLUSIONOur results suggest a close relationship between inherited variants and CH mutations within the DDR genes in patients with solid tumors. Associations identified in this study might translate into enhanced clinical surveillance for CH and associated comorbidities in patients with cancer harboring these germline mutations.
A universal method for generating knockout mice in multiple genetic backgrounds using zygote electroporation
Authors: Tamari Tomohiro , Ikeda Yoshihisa , Morimoto Kento , Kobayashi Keiko , Mizuno-Iijima Saori , Ayabe Shinya , Kuno Akihiro , Mizuno Seiya , Yoshiki Atsushi 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Genetically engineered mouse models are essential tools for understanding mammalian gene functions and disease pathogenesis. Genome editing allows the generation of these models in multiple inbred strains of mice without backcrossing. Zygote electroporation dramatically removed the barrier for introducing the CRISPR-Cas9 complex in terms of cost and labour. Here, we demonstrate that the generalised zygote electroporation method is also effective for generating knockout mice in multiple inbred strains. By combining in vitro fertilisation and electroporation, we obtained founders for knockout alleles in eight common inbred strains. Long-read sequencing analysis detected not only intended mutant alleles but also differences in read frequency of intended and unintended alleles among strains. Successful germline transmission of knockout alleles demonstrated that our approach can establish mutant mice targeting the same locus in multiple inbred strains for phenotyping analysis, contributing to reverse genetics and human disease research.
The cortical microtubules of Toxoplasma gondii underlie the helicity of parasite movement
Authors: Tengganu Isadonna F. , Arias Padilla Luisa F. , Munera Lopez Jonathan , Liu Jun , Brown Peter T. , Murray John M. , Hu Ke 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Motility is essential for apicomplexan parasites to infect their hosts. In a three-dimensional (3D) environment, the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii moves along a helical path. The cortical microtubules, which are ultra-stable and spirally arranged, have been considered to be a structure that guides the long-distance movement of the parasite. Here, we address the role of the cortical microtubules in parasite motility, invasion and egress by utilizing a previously generated mutant (dubbed ‘TKO’) in which these microtubules are destabilized in mature parasites. We found that the cortical microtubules in ∼80% of the non-dividing (i.e. daughter-free) TKO parasites are much shorter than normal. The extent of depolymerization was further exacerbated upon commencement of daughter formation or cold treatment, but parasite replication was not affected. In a 3D Matrigel matrix, the TKO mutant moved directionally over long distances, but along trajectories that were significantly more linear (i.e. less helical) than those of wild-type parasites. Interestingly, this change in trajectory did not impact either movement speed in the matrix or the speed and behavior of the parasite during entry into and egress from the host cell.
Modern approaches to address the concept of territorial division in Islamic jurisprudence
Authors: Alotaibi Hajed A. 
Published: August 2023

Background: This article examines how current jurists can deal with a juristic division of the world into abode of "Islam” and “infidelity". The success with which jurists re-evaluate this dichotomy will have major impacts on how an Islamic state interacts with non-Muslim governments on the one hand, and Muslims residing temporarily or permanently in a non-Muslim territory on the other. Methods: Here, an attempt made to review the concepts of Dar Al-Islam and Dar Al-Harb from two perspectives: that of the dialectical limits and liberalization, as discussed in secondary material such as books, research articles, and reports. Results: this paper has explored and discussed the criteria for identifying Dar Al-Islam and Dar Al-Harb in Islamic jurisprudence. Conclusions: This article analyzes the various arguments put forward to establish new ways of peaceful coexisting and maintaining healthy international connections.
Cointegration and causality relationship of Indian stock market with selected world markets
Authors: Ali Farman , Suri Pradeep , Kaur Tarunpreet , Bisht Deepa 
Published: August 2023

Background: The purpose of this study is to explore the trends and causes of established and emerging nations' stock market integration with India. The National Stock Exchange (NSE) indices act as a counterweight to international market indices. This study investigates the sustained interest of foreign investors in the Indian stock market in the wake of capital market reforms, as well as whether it moves in tandem with other markets in Asia and the United States. Methods: Our study examined the possibility of cross-country cointegration between the largest economies and indices around the world using multiple financial econometric models, such as Augmented Dickey-Fuller, Unit Root, Correlation, and Johansen Cointegration. Results: The findings of this study significantly support the notion that Indian and international financial markets are highly integrated. Vector error correction model indicates that the Indian market (NSE) is highly cointegrated with the US market (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) and increased volatility signifies global contagion. Conclusion: A cursory examination of the data reveals distinct investment and portfolio diversification options for global investors. This could assist regulators in formulating more effective rules regarding price discovery processes.