bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions: a systematic review informing the 2023 EULAR recommendations for the management of fatigue in people with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases
Authors: Santos Eduardo José Ferreira , Farisogullari Bayram , Dures Emma , Geenen Rinie , Machado Pedro M 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo identify the best evidence on the efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions in reducing fatigue in people with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (I-RMDs) and to summarise their safety in the identified studies to inform European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology recommendations for the management of fatigue in people with I-RMDs.MethodsSystematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) including adults with I-RMDs conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook. Search strategy ran in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Complete, PEDro, OTseeker and PsycINFO. Assessment of risk of bias, data extraction and synthesis were performed by two reviewers independently. Data were pooled in meta-analyses.ResultsFrom a total of 4150 records, 454 were selected for full-text review, 82 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and 55 RCTs were included in meta-analyses. Physical activity or exercise was efficacious in reducing fatigue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (standardised mean differences (SMD)=−0.23, 95% CI=−0.37 to −0.1), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (SMD=−0.54, 95% CI=−1.07 to −0.01) and spondyloarthritis (SMD=−0.94, 95% CI=−1.23 to −0.66); reduction of fatigue was not significant in Sjögren’s syndrome (SMD=−0.83, 95% CI=−2.13 to 0.47) and systemic sclerosis (SMD=−0.66, 95% CI=−1.33 to 0.02). Psychoeducational interventions were efficacious in reducing fatigue in RA (SMD=−0.32, 95% CI=−0.48 to −0.16), but not in SLE (SMD=−0.19, 95% CI=−0.46 to 0.09). Follow-up models in consultations (SMD=−0.05, 95% CI=−0.29 to 0.20) and multicomponent interventions (SMD=−0.20, 95% CI=−0.53 to 0.14) did not show significant reductions of fatigue in RA. The results of RCTs not included in the meta-analysis suggest that several other non-pharmacological interventions may provide a reduction of fatigue, with reassuring safety results.ConclusionsPhysical activity or exercise and psychoeducational interventions are efficacious and safe for managing fatigue in people with I-RMDs.
The evaluation of the Al/ZnO/Si/Al heterojunction diode current-conducting mechanisms
Authors: Benhaliliba M. 
Published: August 2023

This work focuses on the electrical transport and conduction mechanisms — inside a sprayed — made zinc oxide-on-p-type silicon junction device. A fabricated Al/ZnO/Si/Al heterojunction is characterized at 300 and 380[Formula: see text]K in the dark. The aforementioned theories predict that the current density (J) is an exponential function of measured voltage (V) and work temperature (T). Exponential equations are linearized as a result of a current conduction mechanism (CCM) kind. Useful parameters like barrier height [Formula: see text] of trap are extracted from the slope B. Ohmic and space charge limited current (SCLC) regimes inside are studied at 300 and 380[Formula: see text]K recording a shift in exponent as a result of temperature. Fowler–Nordheim (FN) conduction mechanism inside Al/ZnO/Si/Al device is considered slope and [Formula: see text] values are determined for two cited work temperatures. Our device presents a thermionic emission (TE) and exhibits an effect of temperature on slope and intercept values of (ln[Formula: see text]/A*[Formula: see text]) function. The Poole–Frenkel (PF) emission in terms of 1/V data are presented for 300 and 380[Formula: see text]K. Besides, PF emission mechanism in terms of 1/[Formula: see text] is exhibited and parameters are influenced by temperature. Behavior of conductance as a result of temperature is detailed and evidenced.
IEEE-754 Precision-
p
base-β Arithmetic Implemented in Binary
Authors: Rump Siegfried M. 
Published: August 2023

We show how an IEEE-754 conformant precision-
p
base-β arithmetic can be implemented based on some binary floating-point and/or integer arithmetic. This includes the four basic operations and square root subject to the five IEEE-754 rounding modes, namely the nearest roundings with roundTiesToEven and roundTiesToAway, the directed roundings downwards and upwards, as well as rounding towards zero. Exceptional values like ∞ of NaN are covered according to the IEEE-754 arithmetic standard.

The results of the precision-
p
base-β operations are computed using some underlying precision-
q
binary arithmetic. We distinguish two cases. When using a precision-
q
binary integer arithmetic, the base-β precision
p
is limited for all operations by β

2
p

≤ 2

q

, whereas using a precision-
q
binary floating-point arithmetic imposes stronger limits on the base-β precision, namely β

2
p

≤ 2

q

for addition and multiplication, β

2
p

≤ 2

q-1

for division and β

2
p

≤ 2

q
-3

for the square root. Those limitations cannot be improved.

The algorithms are implemented in a Matlab/Octave flbeta-toolbox with the choice of using
uint64
or
binary64
as underlying arithmetic. The former allows larger precisions, the latter is advantageous for the square root, whereas computing times are similar. The flbeta-toolbox offers precision-
p
base-β scalar, vector and matrix operations including sparse matrices as well as corresponding interval operations. The base β can be chosen in the range β ∊ [2,64]. The flbeta-toolbox will be part of Version 13 of INTLAB [
18
], the Matlab/Octave toolbox for reliable computing.
Targeted Inhibition of lncRNA Malat1 Alters the Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Preclinical Syngeneic Mouse Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Adewunmi Oluwatoyosi , Shen Yichao , Zhang Xiang H.-F. , Rosen Jeffrey M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play an important role in gene regulation in both normal tissues and cancer. Targeting lncRNAs is a promising therapeutic approach that has become feasible through the development of gapmer antisense oligonucleotides (ASO). Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript (Malat1) is an abundant lncRNA whose expression is upregulated in several cancers. Although Malat1 increases the migratory and invasive properties of tumor cells, its role in the tumor microenvironment (TME) is still not well defined. We explored the connection between Malat1 and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) using several immune-competent preclinical syngeneic Tp53-null triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) mouse models that mimic the heterogeneity and immunosuppressive TME found in human breast cancer. Using a Malat1 ASO, we were able to knockdown Malat1 RNA expression resulting in a delay in primary tumor growth, decreased proliferation, and increased apoptosis. In addition, immunophenotyping of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes revealed that Malat1 inhibition altered the TIME, with a decrease in immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) as well as an increase in cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Malat1 depletion in tumor cells, TAMs, and MDSCs decreased immunosuppressive cytokine/chemokine secretion whereas Malat1 inhibition in T cells increased inflammatory secretions and T-cell proliferation. Combination of a Malat1 ASO with chemotherapy or immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) improved the treatment responses in a preclinical model. These studies highlight the immunostimulatory effects of Malat1 inhibition in TNBC, the benefit of a Malat1 ASO therapeutic, and its potential use in combination with chemotherapies and immunotherapies.
Unexpected mitotype diversity of Simplimorpha promissa (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) in Ukraine and Armenia revealing a possible cryptic taxon
Authors: ORLOVSKYTĖ SVETLANA , DOBRYNINA VIKTORIJA , STONIS JONAS R. 
Published: August 2023

In this paper, the results of a recent molecular study of the Cotinus-feeding, leaf-mining Simplimorpha promissa (Staudinger) (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) are discussed for the first time on the basis of samples collected in Ukraine and Armenia. Newly obtained mtDNA CO1-5' sequences from these countries were compared with previously known sequences from France, Italy, Croatia and Greece. A mitotype network and a Neighbor-Joining tree of twenty-two specimens of S. promissa are provided. They show that the studied specimens from Ukraine and the rest of the European countries are genetically closer to each other than to the examined specimens from Armenia, thereby suggesting the Armenian specimens could represent a sister taxon to the European S. promissa. The study also revealed a significantly large genetic diversity of S. promissa in Ukraine.
Evaluation of Ensemble Snowfall Forecasts Using Operationally Used Snow-to-Liquid Ratios in Five Winter Storms
Authors: Rosenow Andrew A. , Reeves Heather D. , Tripp Daniel D. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The prediction of snow accumulation remains a forecasting challenge. While the adoption of ensemble numerical weather prediction has enabled the development of probabilistic guidance, the challenges associated with snow accumulation, particularly snow-to-liquid ratio (SLR), still remain when building snow-accumulation tools. In operations, SLR is generally assumed to either fit a simple mathematical relationship or conform to a historic average. In this paper, the impacts of the choice of SLR on ensemble snow forecasts are tested. Ensemble forecasts from the nine-member High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Ensemble (HRRRE) were used to create 24-h snowfall forecasts for five snowfall events associated with winter cyclones. These snowfall forecasts were derived from model liquid precipitation forecasts using five SLR relationships. These forecasts were evaluated against daily new snowfall observations from the Community Collaborative Rain Hail and Snow network. The results of this analysis show that the forecast error associated with individual members is similar to the error associated with choice of SLR. The SLR with the lowest forecast error showed regional agreement across nearby observations. This suggests that, while there is no one SLR that works best everywhere, it may be possible to improve ensemble snow forecasts if regions where SLRs perform best can be determined ahead of time. The implications of these findings for future ensemble snowfall tools will be discussed.

Significance Statement
Snowfall prediction remains a challenge. Computer models are used to address the inherent uncertainty in forecasts. This uncertainty includes aspects like the location and rate of snowfall. Meteorologists run multiple similar computer models to understand the range of possible weather outcomes. One aspect of uncertainty is the snow-to-liquid ratio, or the ratio of snow depth to the amount of liquid water it melts into. This study tests how common predictions of snow-to-liquid ratio impact snowfall forecasts. The results show that snow-to-liquid ratio choices are as impactful as the models’ differing snow rate or snow location forecasts, and that no particular snow-to-liquid ratio is most accurate. These results underscore the importance of better snow-to-liquid ratio prediction to improve snowfall forecasts.
Medical applications of generative adversarial network: a visualization analysis
Authors: Zhang Fan , Wang Luyao , Zhao Jiayin , Zhang Xinhong 
Published: August 2023

Background Deep learning (DL) is one of the latest approaches to artificial intelligence. As an unsupervised DL method, a generative adversarial network (GAN) can be used to synthesize new data. Purpose To explore GAN applications in medicine and point out the significance of its existence for clinical medical research, as well as to provide a visual bibliometric analysis of GAN applications in the medical field in combination with the scientometric software Citespace and statistical analysis methods. Material and Methods PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched to identify studies of GAN in medical applications between 2017 and 2022. This study was performed and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Citespace was used to analyze the number of publications, authors, institutions, and keywords of articles related to GAN in medical applications. Results The applications of GAN in medicine are not limited to medical image processing, but will also penetrate wider and more complex fields, or may be applied to clinical medicine. Eligibility criteria were the full texts of peer-reviewed journals reporting the application of GANs in medicine. Research selections included material published in English between 1 January 2017 and 1 December 2022. Conclusion GAN has been fully applied to the medical field and will be more deeply and widely used in clinical medicine, especially in the field of privacy protection and medical diagnosis. However, clinical applications of GAN require consideration of ethical and legal issues. GAN-based applications should be well validated by expert radiologists.
Close relatives’ perspectives of everyday activities at home for older adults repeatedly readmitted to hospital: A qualitative study
Authors: Jönsson Marie , Holmefur Marie , Appelros Peter , Fredriksson Carin 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Relatives are important when older adults return home after a hospital stay. The aim of this study was to describe close relatives’ perspectives of the everyday activities of older adults who are repeatedly readmitted to hospital and discharged to home. Methods: A semi-structured interview was performed to collect data from twenty relatives (aged 45–82 years). Data were analysed using a deductive qualitative content analysis based on the results of a previous study within this field. Results: The overall theme ‘In need of support to manage an unpredictable everyday life’ shows that the older adults often needed support in everyday activities. In the two categories ‘Difficulties in dealing with an unstable day’ and ‘Managing an unstable day’ and the 10 subcategories, close relatives described that the older adults needed support in various ways from relatives or other individuals. Close contact was important for how everyday activities worked at home and in maintaining social contacts and contact with healthcare. Conclusion: It was found that social needs, such as social contacts/activities, are just as important to assess at discharge as medical and functional needs.
The Dynamic Effect of Pandemics on Industrial Production Growth
Authors: Shaik Muneer 
Published: August 2023

Using a time-varying parameter-structural vector autoregressive (TVP-SVAR) model, this study investigates the dynamic impact of uncertainty caused by worldwide pandemics on industrial productivity growth. We discover that the coronavirus has a negative influence on industrial production growth rates across economic blocs (i.e., United States, Developed, and Emerging nations). We also discover that, since 2016, there has been a considerable rise in the comovement of industrial production growth rates. We also employ the dynamic volatility connectedness methodology and find that the industrial productivity growth of Emerging nations economic bloc, and DPUI is observed to be net transmitters of volatility, whereas the industrial productivity growth of United States and other developed nations economic blocs are found to be net recipients of volatility throughout the sample periods. Furthermore, we find that the dynamic total connectedness among the variables under study is observed to be very strong and time-varying. JEL Codes: C15, C58, G15
An Exploratory Study of Bone Health Among Native Hawaiian Women in Rural Hawai‘i
Authors: Morel Rayna K. , Daub Katharyn F. , Gotshalk Lincoln A. , Earle Nancy F. , Wong Yvonne Kealoha 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to obtain baseline data on bone mass density for Native Hawaiian women and to better understand the socio-cultural context for assessing bone health and risk of osteoporosis for this underserved population. Method: A sequential mixed-method design guided by Leininger’s Culture Care Theory of Diversity and Universality consisted of two phases: (a) an initial exploratory focus group and (b) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans and individual interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results: Phase a ( n = 12) suggested that Native Hawaiian women have limited knowledge of bone health, but recognize traditional and cultural ways of health. Phase b ( n = 50) showed that Native Hawaiian women have healthy bones, according to the T-score results. The interviews suggested that perspectives of bone health are culturally anchored. Discussion: Understanding cultural values and practices are vital for care. Preliminary recommendations for health professionals are included.
One versus two sets of busulfan therapeutic drug monitoring in myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant
Authors: Chippendale Lindsey , Freyer Craig W , Carulli Alison , Babushok Daria V , Frey Noelle V , Gill Saar I , Hexner Elizabeth O , Luger Selina M , Martin Mary Ellen , Porter David L , Stadtmauer Edward A , Loren Alison W 
Published: August 2023

Introduction Busulfan is a common component of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (alloHCT) conditioning, however interpatient pharmacokinetic variability can result in enhanced toxicity or increased relapse risk. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) can minimize variability, yet the optimal frequency of TDM is unknown. We compared outcomes for patients with one versus two sets of busulfan TDM during myeloablative conditioning (MAC) prior to alloHCT. Methods We analyzed the impact of busulfan TDM frequency and dose adjustments, with the primary outcome being relapse-free survival (RFS). Other outcomes included the incidence of acute and chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD), oral mucositis, pulmonary toxicity, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), the cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), and overall survival (OS). Results Twenty-two patients underwent one set of sampling while 53 patients underwent two sets. Similar baseline characteristics were observed between the groups. There were no significant differences observed in RFS by day +180 (77.3% vs. 79.2%, p = 1.0), CIR by day +180 (18.2% vs. 17.8%, p = 0.74), or OS ( p = 0.73). The incidences of acute GVHD, chronic GVHD, SOS, and severe mucositis were also similar. In each group, 63% received busulfan dose adjustments after one set, with 52.8% receiving further dose adjustments following the second set. Conclusion We observed no significant difference in alloHCT outcomes between patients who underwent one versus two sets of busulfan TDM sampling, suggesting that a single-time TDM and dose adjustment may be adequate to maximize outcomes after MAC alloHCT.
Comparing face-to-face and videoconference assessment of the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Raimo Simona , Santangelo Gabriella , Cropano Maria , Gaita Mariachiara , Ammendola Lidia , Malangone Daniela , Lus Giacomo , Signoriello Elisabetta 
Published: August 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has underlined the need to evaluate cognitive profile via videoconferencing (teleneuropsychology, TeleNP) as a suitable alternative to face-to-face assessment (F-F). Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and the reliability of Rao’s Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (R-BRB) remote administration in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Methods: Sixty PwMS underwent R-BRB in two conditions: F-F and TeleNP, 1 month apart. Results: Cognitive test performance was similar, regardless of the administration type, but visuospatial test performance was better in F-F. Conclusion: These data suggest that TeleNP is feasible and highly reliable in MS clinical practice.
Closed Reduction Percutaneous Pinning Versus Open Reduction With Plate and Screw Fixation in Management of Unstable Proximal Phalangeal Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Gaio Natalie M. , Kruse Lisa M. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Proximal phalanx fractures are common, with surgical fixation indicated for unstable fractures. Traditionally, closed reduction percutaneous pinning (CRPP) resulted in decreased stiffness and tendon irritation compared to open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). We hypothesized that more recent studies would have more similar outcomes to CRPP. The purpose of this study was to compare CRPP and ORIF in terms of range of motion, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores, and complications. Methods: Four electronic databases were queried from 2010 to present. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, two independent reviewers performed a two-step review process to identify relevant articles. Patient demographics, total active motion (TAM), DASH, and complications were extracted. The methodological quality of each study included was assessed independently. Meta-analysis was performed for comparative trials. Results: Fourteen studies met inclusion criteria including four comparative studies: Thirteen studies included TAM. The weighted average TAM was 228 ± 34° for CRPP and 223 ± 32° for ORIF ( P = .07 with 95% confidence interval (CI), −0.5 to 10.5). Seven studies evaluated DASH scores; weighted average was 8.2 ± 8.9 for CRPP and 11.7 ± 6.5 for ORIF ( P < .01 with 95% CI, 1.8-5.2). Two studies directly compared CRPP to ORIF, favoring ORIF for both TAM with d = 1.07 and DASH with d = 0.23. Rates of tenolysis or hardware removal were higher for ORIF ( P < .01). Conclusions: New literature suggests more equipoise with regard to treatment of proximal phalanx fracture with CRPP versus ORIF. Type of study/level of evidence: Meta-analysis, Level II.
Utilization of remote e-prescription (Anat) in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19: Factors associated with primary adherence and antibiotic prescription
Authors: Alhassoun Roaa Khaled , AlDossary Sharifah Abdullah 
Published: August 2023

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has affected healthcare systems globally. Various health care technologies have been used to mitigate the risk of disease transmission. Telemedicine is one such technology, and remote consulting and prescribing comprise one of its key aspects. In Saudi Arabia, telephone health services have been widely used through the free Medical Consultation Call Center (937). This platform facilitates medical consultations for all citizens, residents, and visitors. After consultations, healthcare providers are able to issue authenticated e-prescriptions using the Anat platform. Objectives To explore the utilization of the Anat remote prescription system in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify the factors associated with antibiotic prescription and primary medication adherence. Methods This retrospective analysis included data from the Anat e‑prescription system using a stratified random sample of 25000 prescriptions issued in Saudi Arabia in 2020. Predictive factors related to the patients, practitioners, and prescriptions were identified through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results Out of 25,000 e-prescriptions, 8885 were dispensed, resulting in a 35.5% primary medication adherence rate. The significant predictors of primary adherence were children, respiratory diseases, and antibacterial drugs. In addition, antibiotics made up 32.1% of the e-prescriptions. The prescription of antibiotics was significantly associated with male sex, children, genitourinary system diseases, and being treated by radiologists. Conclusions Almost two thirds 62.2% of e-prescriptions were undispensed, with antibiotic eprescriptions at 32.1%. Findings emphasize the need to enhance primary medication adherence and antibiotic prescription interventions. These findings could aid decision-makers in improving patient-centered e-prescribing practices.