bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex-specific inequalities in the use of drug-coated balloons for small coronary artery disease: a report from the BASKET-SMALL 2 trial
Authors: Rubini Gimenez Maria , Scheller Bruno , Farah Ahmed , Ohlow Marc-Alexander , Mangner Norman , Weilenmann Daniel , Wöhrle Jochen , Cuculi Florim , Leibundgut Gregor , Möbius-Winkler Sven , Cattaneo Marco , Gilgen Nicole , Kaiser Christoph , Jeger Raban V. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background and objectives
Recent data have established non-inferiority of drug-coated balloons (DCB) compared to drug-eluting stents (DES) for treatment of small-vessel coronary artery disease. Since coronary vessels in women might have anatomical and pathophysiological particularities, the safety of the DCB strategy among women compared to men needs to be assessed in more detail.

Methods
In BASKET-SMALL 2, patients with de novo lesions in coronary vessels < 3 mm and an indication for percutaneous coronary intervention were randomly allocated (1:1) to DCB vs. DES after successful lesion preparation. The primary objective of the randomized trial was to establish non-inferiority of DCB vs. DES regarding major adverse cardiac events (MACE; i.e., cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization) after 12 months. The aim of the current sub-analysis is to evaluate whether the DCB strategy is equally safe among women and men after 12 and 36 months.

Results
Among 758 randomized patients, 382 were assigned to DCB (23% women) and 376 to DES (30% women). In general, women were older, had more often diabetes mellitus and renal insufficiency, and presented more often with an acute coronary syndrome, whereas men were more often smokers, had multivessel disease and a previous history of acute myocardial infarction, and received a treatment with a statin. After 3 years, the primary clinical end point was not significantly different between groups (13% women vs. 16% men, HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.52−1.30; p = 0.40). There was no interaction between sex and coronary intervention strategy regarding MACE at 36 months (10% women vs. 16% men in DCB, 16% women vs. 15% men in DES; pinteraction = 0.31).

Conclusion
In small native coronary artery disease, there was no statistically significant effect of sex on the difference between DCB and DES regarding MACE up to 36 months.

Clinical trial registration
URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01574534.

Graphical abstract
Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions in a lattice Boltzmann method for elastodynamics
Authors: Faust Erik , Schlüter Alexander , Müller Henning , Steinmetz Felix , Müller Ralf 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently, Murthy et al. (Commun Comput Phys 2:23, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.OA-2016-0259 ) and Escande et al. (Lattice Boltzmann method for wave propagation in elastic solids with a regular lattice: theoretical analysis and validation, 2020. arXiv.doi:1048550/ARXIV.2009.06404. arXiv:2009.06404) adopted the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) to model the linear elastodynamic behaviour of isotropic solids. The LBM is attractive as an elastodynamic solver because it can be parallelised readily and lends itself to finely discretised simulations of dynamic effects in continua, allowing transient phenomena such as wave propagation to be modeled efficiently. This work proposes simple local boundary rules which approximate the behaviour of Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions with an LBM for elastic solids. The boundary rules are shown to be consistent with the target boundary values in the first order. An empirical convergence study is performed for the transient tension loading of a rectangular plate, with a Finite Element (FE) simulation being used as a reference. Additionally, we compare results produced by the LBM for the sudden loading of a stationary crack with an analytical solution from Freund (Dynamic fracture mechanics. Cambridge Monographs on Mechanics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1990. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511546761).
Herkunft, Verbreitung und Verbleib von per- und polyfluorierten Alkylsubstanzen (PFAS) in Vorarlbergs Umwelt
Authors: Humer Monika , Scheffknecht Christoph 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungSeit 2018 werden in Vorarlberg verschiedenste Umweltproben auf PFAS untersucht. PFAS finden sich in allen Umweltkompartimenten. Als maßgebliche Eintragspfade für PFAS in Vorarlbergs Umwelt konnten Abfallbehandlungsanlagen (Betriebsabwasser und Deponiesickerwasser) sowie Abwasserreinigungsanlagen (Ablauf und Klärschlamm) identifiziert werden. Über Kläranlagenablauf und Klärschlamm bzw. Klärschlammkompost gelangen PFAS in Oberflächengewässer und Böden. Böden stellen aufgrund ihrer Speicher- und Pufferfunktion eine Sonderrolle dar. Sie sind PFAS-Senken aber gleichzeitig auch PFAS-Quellen. Vor allem im intensiv landwirtschaftlich genutzten Rheintal konnten PFAS belastete Böden gefunden werden. Zwei Drittel der untersuchten Böden liegen über dem Grenzwert des Bundesabfallwirtschaftsplans 2023. Dazu zählen auch Böden, bei denen der PFAS-Eintrag allein über die atmosphärische Deposition stattfand. Die Messung von PFAS-Vorläufersubstanzen zeigte, dass diese einen relevanten Anteil haben können. Die Probenvorbereitung hat signifikanten Einfluss auf den messbaren Anteil von PFAS im Boden-Eluat. Im Eluat feldfrischer Bodenproben werden deutlich geringere PFAS-Konzentrationen gemessen als in den Trocknungsvarianten, was zu Unterschätzungen von Eluat-Gehalten natürlicher Böden führen kann.
High-order corrected trapezoidal rules for a class of singular integrals
Authors: Izzo Federico , Runborg Olof , Tsai Richard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present a family of high-order trapezoidal rule-based quadratures for a class of singular integrals, where the integrand has a point singularity. The singular part of the integrand is expanded in a Taylor series involving terms of increasing smoothness. The quadratures are based on the trapezoidal rule, with the quadrature weights for Cartesian nodes close to the singularity judiciously corrected based on the expansion. High-order accuracy can be achieved by utilizing a sufficient number of correction nodes around the singularity to approximate the terms in the series expansion. The derived quadratures are applied to the implicit boundary integral formulation of surface integrals involving the Laplace layer kernels.
Molar masses and molar mass distributions of commercial regenerated cellulose materials and softwood dissolving pulp determined by SEC/MALLS
Authors: Ono Yuko , Hou Gaoyuan , Chitbanyong Korawit , Takeuchi Miyuki , Isogai Akira 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe molar masses and molar mass distributions of three commercial regenerated cellulose samples, viscose rayon, Tencel, and Bemliese (or cuprammonium nonwoven), have been determined by dissolution in 8% (w/w) lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide (LiCl/DMAc) and subsequent size-exclusion chromatography with multi-angle laser-light scattering detection (SEC/MALLS). Before dissolution in LiCl/DMAc, the regenerated cellulose samples were pretreated by the following three methods: (1) soaking in ethylene diamine (EDA) and subsequent solvent exchange to N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) through methanol, (2) soaking in water and subsequent solvent exchange to DMAc through ethanol, and (3) soaking in water and subsequent solvent exchange to tert-butyl alcohol through ethanol and freeze dying. The pretreated samples were dissolved in 8% (w/w) LiCl/DMAc by stirring the cellulose/LiCl/DMAc mixtures for 1–3 weeks followed by dilution to 1% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc for SEC/MALLS analysis. The EDA- and water-pretreated samples gave almost the same SEC-elution pattens and molar mass plots, resulting in similar number- and mass-average molar masses. However, the freeze-dried samples gave 10%‒20% lower mass recovery ratios than those obtained for the EDA- or water-pretreated samples, probably because of incomplete dissolution of the freeze-dried samples in 8% (w/w) LiCl/DMAc. The average mass-average degree of polymerization values of viscose rayon, Tencel, and Bemliese were 340, 530, and 880, respectively. The slopes of the conformation plots were 0.58–0.62, showing that all of the molecules in the three regenerated cellulose samples were dissolved in 1% (w/v) LiCl/DMAc, forming linear random-coil conformations.
Graphical abstract
Earthquake scenarios and population exposure for the city of Plovdiv
Authors: Solakov Dimcho , Simeonova Stela , Trifonova Petya , Metodiev Metodi , Raykova Plamena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAmong natural disasters, earthquakes dominate with regard to their social and economic effects on human life and the urban environment. Appropriate risk reduction strategies can be developed only with a better understanding of seismic hazards as well as the population and building growth rates in the corresponding region. In the present study, deterministic and probabilistic earthquake (seismic) ground-motion scenarios are developed and presented for one of the most earthquake-prone cities in Bulgaria, the city of Plovdiv. We apply a method for integrating the spatial distribution of seismic hazards with human exposure to assess hazard impacts. Earthquake scenarios and social vulnerability metrics are combined in a geographic information system (GIS) to identify the spatial vulnerability of the exposed population to seismic risk and the locations for targeting mitigation actions in areas with high exposure and vulnerability levels. The results of our study show that most of the territory of the city is classified at the highest seismic hazard level: PGA 0.2. High and major levels were estimated for the population exposure index (PEI) for nearly 60% of the residential buildings in the city (inhabited by approximately 96% of the Plovdiv population). The spatial distribution of the results is available in GIS format and can be used in scientific and practical applications to reduce the risk and consequences of possible strong earthquakes in future.
Stochastic analysis of a bistable piezoelectric energy harvester with a matched electrical load
Authors: Song Kailing , Bonnin Michele , Traversa Fabio L. , Bonani Fabrizio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present the analysis of a bistable piezoelectric energy harvester with matched electrical load, subject to random mechanical vibrations. The matching network optimizes the average energy transfer to the electrical load. The system is described by a set of nonlinear stochastic differential equations. A perturbation method is used to find an approximate solution of the stochastic system in the weak noise limit, and this solution is used to optimize the circuit parameters of the matching network. In the strong noise limit, the state equations are integrated numerically to determine the average power absorbed by the load and the power efficiency. Our analysis shows that the application of a properly designed matching network improves the performances by a significant amount, as the power delivered to the load improves of a factor about 17 with respect to a direct connection.
Complications and mortality of Cushing’s disease: report on data collected over a 20-year period at a referral centre
Authors: Mondin Alessandro , Ceccato Filippo , Voltan Giacomo , Mazzeo Pierluigi , Manara Renzo , Denaro Luca , Scaroni Carla , Barbot Mattia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Context
Cushing’s disease (CD) is rare condition burdened by several systemic complications correlated to higher mortality rates. The primary goal of clinicians is to achieve remission, but it is unclear if treatment can also increase life expectancy.

Aim
To assess the prevalence of cortisol-related complications and mortality in a large cohort of CD patients attending a single referral centre.

Materials and methods
The clinical charts of CD patients attending a referral hospital between 2001 and 2021 were reviewed.

Results
126 CD patients (median age at diagnosis 39 years) were included. At the last examination, 78/126 (61.9%) of the patients were in remission regardless of previous treatment strategies. Patients in remission showed a significant improvement in all the cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities (p < 0.05). The CV events were more frequent in older patients (p = 0.003), smokers and persistent CD groups (p < 0.05). Most of the thromboembolic (TE) and infective events occurred during active stages of the disease. The CV events were the most frequent cause of death. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) resulted increased in persistent cases at the last follow-up (SMR 4.99, 95%CI [2.15; 9.83], p < 0.001) whilst it was not higher in those in remission (SMR 1.66, 95%CI [0.34; 4.85], p = 0.543) regardless of the timing or number of treatments carried out. A younger age at diagnosis (p = 0.005), a microadenoma (p = 0.002), and remission status at the last follow-up (p = 0.027) all increased survival. Furthermore, an elevated number of comorbidities, in particular arterial hypertension, increased mortality rates.

Conclusions
Patients with active CD presented a poor survival outcome. Remission restored the patients’ life expectancy regardless of the timing or the types of treatments used to achieve it. Persistent CD-related comorbidities remained major risk factors.
Are Financial Well-Being and Financial Stress the Same Construct? Insights from an Intensive Longitudinal Study
Authors: Sorgente Angela , Zambelli Michela , Lanz Margherita 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSince the 2008 economic crisis, research on financial well-being has grown exponentially. Most of the studies have investigated the predictors of financial well-being, but there is still no consensus on the conceptualization of financial well-being itself. As of yet, little is known about the relationship between subjective financial well-being and subjective financial stress. Some scholars believe those two constructs are two sides of the same coin, while others consider them to be two different phenomena. The current study aims to contribute to disentangling the construct of financial well-being from the construct of financial stress. We conducted an intensive longitudinal study, collecting data for 14 consecutive days from 158 emerging adults. Participants had to report their level of financial well-being and financial stress each evening. Findings suggest that the two constructs are not coincident for the following reasons: they exhibit low-to-moderate associations at both the within- and between-level and they were not similarly affected by the same predictors. Furthermore, we showed that subjective financial well-being and subjective financial stress fluctuate considerably from one day to the next. Further research is needed to determine the source of this daily variability.
New microvascular ultrasound techniques: abdominal applications
Authors: Cannella Roberto , Pilato Giulia , Mazzola Mariasole , Bartolotta Tommaso Vincenzo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMicrovascular ultrasound (MVUS) is a new ultrasound technique that allows the detection of slow-velocity flow, providing the visualization of the blood flow in small vessels without the need of intravenous contrast agent administration. This technology has been integrated in the most recent ultrasound equipment and applied for the assessment of vascularization. Compared to conventional color Doppler and power Doppler imaging, MVUS provides higher capability to detect intralesional flow. A growing number of studies explored the potential applications in hepatobiliary, genitourinary, and vascular pathologies. Different flow patterns can be observed in hepatic and renal focal lesions providing information on tumor vascularity and improving the differential diagnosis. This article aims to provide a detailed review on the current evidences and applications of MVUS in abdominal imaging.
On K3 fibred Calabi–Yau threefolds in weighted scrolls
Authors: Mboya Geoffrey , Szendrői Balázs 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to classify mildly singular Calabi–Yau threefolds fibred in low-degree weighted K3 surfaces and embedded as anticanonical hypersurfaces in weighted scrolls, extending results of Mullet. We also study projective degenerations, revisiting an example due to Gross and Ruan. Finally we briefly discuss the general question of embedding a projective fibration into a weighted scroll.
Experimental study of order and constant rate of chlorine removal reaction using ion exchange resin
Authors: Farahbod Farshad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this research, a strong anionic resin was prepared to remove chloride ions. This study was performed in a laboratory pilot to evaluate effective parameters such as temperature, amine flow rate, pH, chloride ion concentration and concentration of resin caustic. The purpose of this work is to determine kinetics of the resin reaction and determination of the optimal operating conditions in order to achieve maximum saturation. This study shows that volume of distilled water passing through resin to eliminate alkalinity at temperatures 40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C is equal to 5500 ml, 5000 ml and 7000 ml, respectively. This work states that a temperature 50 °C is more appropriate than other temperatures. The results of this research show that volume of caustic for resin recovery is 8.5 L at a temperature of 50 °C. This study shows that amount of distilled water to eliminate alkalinity of the resin is equal to 5 L. Results show that the order of reaction to chloride ion concentration is equal to 0.794 and reaction constant is equal to exp (−1.8753).
Presence-Only for Marked Point Process Under Preferential Sampling
Authors: Moreira Guido A. , Menezes Raquel , Wise Laura 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPreferential sampling models have garnered significant attention in recent years. Although the original model was developed for geostatistics, it founds applications in other types of data, such as point processes in the form of presence-only data. While this has been recognized in the Statistics literature, there is value in incorporating ideas from both presence-only and preferential sampling literature. In this paper, we propose a novel model that extends existing ideas to handle a continuous variable collected through opportunistic sampling. To demonstrate the potential of our approach, we apply it to sardine biomass data collected during commercial fishing trips. While the data is intuitively understood, it poses challenges due to two types of preferential sampling: fishing events (presence data) are non-random samples of the region, and fishermen tend to set their nets in areas with a high quality and value of catch (i.e., bigger schools of the target species). We discuss theoretical and practical aspects of the problem, and propose a well-defined probabilistic approach. Our approach employs a data augmentation scheme that predicts the number of unobserved fishing locations and corresponding biomass (in kg). This allows for evaluation of the Poisson Process likelihood without the need for numerical approximations. The results of our case study may serve as an incentive to use data collected during commercial fishing trips for decision-making aimed at benefiting both ecological and economic aspects. The proposed methodology has potential applications in a variety of fields, including ecology and epidemiology, where marked point process model are commonly used.
Laparoscopic removal of a giant adrenal myelolipoma: A case report with review of the literature
Authors: Ahmed Dlshad Hamasaeed , Bapir Rawa , Radha Belan Mikaeil M. , Aghaways Ismaael , Rashid Rezheen J. , Ismaeil Deari A. , Ghalib Hawramy Omar H. , Gharib Dana T. , Kaka Ali Hemn H. , Kakamad Fahmi H. , Abdalla Berun A. , Abdullah Ari M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Adrenal myelolipomas (AMLs) are non-functioning, benign adrenal tumors with an unknown etiology. This study aims to report a case of giant AML managed successfully by laparoscopic surgery.

Case presentation
A 43-year-old man presented with mild, dull, and non-radiating left loin pain. Physical examination and hormonal assays were normal. Imaging revealed a retroperitoneal mass (13 × 12 × 8.5cm) containing gross fat. Left laparoscopic adrenalectomy was done under general anesthesia. The postoperative period was uneventful. The patient was followed up for a duration of six months, and no recurrence was detected.

Discussion
AMLs are lipomatous tumor-like growths equally seen in both genders and are commonly incidental findings. Symptomatic AMLs are characterized by their large size, leading to the manifestation of pressure-related symptoms or abnormalities in hormonal levels. Most AMLs are associated with chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The tumor is commonly diagnosed through a biochemical and imaging workup. Asymptomatic AMLs are managed conservatively, while in the presence of symptoms, surgery is usually considered. However, the open approach is regarded as the standard option, but minimally invasive approaches can be carried out due to their feasibility.

Conclusion
AMLs are rare, benign, non-functional tumors of the adrenal gland. Laparoscopy may be a safe and feasible management modality for these tumors.

Highlights
Courtly Mediators
Authors: Clark Leah R. 
Published: July 2023

In Courtly Mediators, Leah R. Clark investigates the exchange of a range of materials and objects, including metalware, ceramic drug jars, Chinese porcelain, and aromatics, across the early modern Italian, Mamluk, and Ottoman courts. She provides a new narrative that places Aragonese Naples at the center of an international courtly culture, where cosmopolitanism and the transcultural flourished, and in which artists, ambassadors, and luxury goods actively participated. By articulating how and why transcultural objects were exchanged, displayed, copied, and framed, she provides a new methodological framework that transforms our understanding of the Italian Renaissance court. Clark's volume provides a multi-sensorial, innovative reading of Italian Renaissance art. It demonstrates that the early modern culture of collecting was more than a humanistic enterprise associated with the European roots of the Renaissance. Rather, it was sustained by interactions with global material cultures from the Islamic world and beyond.
Climate model-driven seasonal forecasting approach with deep learning
Authors: Unal Alper , Asan Busra , Sezen Ismail , Yesilkaynak Bugra , Aydin Yusuf , Ilicak Mehmet , Unal Gozde 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Understanding seasonal climatic conditions is critical for better management of resources such as water, energy, and agriculture. Recently, there has been a great interest in utilizing the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods in climate studies. This paper presents cutting-edge deep-learning models (UNet++, ResNet, PSPNet, and DeepLabv3) trained by state-of-the-art global CMIP6 models to forecast global temperatures a month ahead using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset. ERA5 dataset was also used for fine-tuning as well performance analysis in the validation dataset. Ten different setups (with CMIP6 and CMIP6 + ERA5 fine-tuning) including six meteorological parameters (i.e., 2 m temperature, 10 m eastward component of wind, 10 m northward component of wind, geopotential height at 500 hPa, mean sea-level pressure, and precipitation flux) and elevation were used with both four different algorithms. For each model 14 different sequential and nonsequential temporal settings were used. The mean absolute error (MAE) analysis revealed that UNet++ with CMIP6 with 2 m temperature + elevation and ERA5 fine-tuning model with “Year 3 Month 2” temporal case provided the best outcome with an MAE of 0.7. Regression analysis over the validation dataset between the ERA5 data values and the corresponding AI model predictions revealed slope and

$ {R}^2 $

values close to 1 suggesting a very good agreement. The AI model predicts significantly better than the mean CMIP6 ensemble between 2016 and 2021. Both models predict the summer months more accurately than the winter months.