bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of xylitol on Porphyromonas gingivalis: A systematic review
Authors: Chen Sau You , Delacruz Joshua , Kim Yong , Kingston Roger , Purvis Laura , Sharma Dileep 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis review was conducted to assess the effectiveness of xylitol against Porphyromonas gingivalis anaerobic species, a key microbe contributing to periodontal disease pathogenesis.Material and MethodsRelevant studies published on seven online databases (Cochrane, Ovid, Pubmed, Pubmed Central, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science) were included in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria allowed all study designs involving xylitol and P. gingivalis, literature published since the year 2000, and all xylitol delivery forms.ResultsThe initial search yielded 186 papers. After the removal of duplicates, five reviewers screened every article for eligibility and seven articles were selected for data extraction. Four out of seven included studies assessed the dose‐dependent effect of xylitol on P. gingivalis growth, two studies assessed the effect of xylitol on P. gingivalis‐induced cytokine expression, and one study assessed both domains.ConclusionsFrom the in vitro studies included in this systematic review, there is some evidence of xylitol's inhibitory effect on P. gingivalis. However, more evidence derived from in vivo studies is required to confirm its effectiveness warranting their routine use.
Electric locomotive electrical control training based on virtual reality technology
Authors: Xiao Qian , Li ZhuoHang , Shi KaiZhi , Gao XueShan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe recent rapid development of the computer‐aided design technologies has provided concrete support for the education and research in the field of railway transportation. Virtual reality (VR) technology is becoming particularly important in the field of experimental teaching due to its low cost, low restriction and immersion. In this work, we have designed a virtual simulation untried system of the electric joint control in electric locomotives based on VR technology. Based on the user's understanding of the three circuit principles in the experiment, together with the recognition and operation ability to control appliances and equipment, the system assessment system has been scored and evaluated accordingly. The tests of the virtual simulation system have shown the experimental teaching can reduce the cost while effectively improving the learning effect.
Seismic design and performance study of self‐centering moment‐resisting frames with sliding rocking beams and preloaded disc springs
Authors: Rezvan Pooya , Zhang Yunfeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses on the seismic analysis and performance assessment of the self‐centering moment‐resisting frames with sliding rocking beams (SCMRF‐SRB) through a nonlinear numerical simulation study. In the SCMRF‐SRB systems, the beam is comprised of three segments with the rocking beam placed in the middle segment. The beam growth (expansion) problem due to the gap‐opening in the rocking joint is counteracted by the sliding movement of the rocking beam inside the beam brackets. The restoring force of such SCMRF‐SRBs is generated by two sets of preloaded disc springs mounted on each side of the web of the beam and the energy dissipation is provided by replaceable hysteretic dampers (RHD). The relative movement of the rocking beam inside the brackets generates a friction force that contributes to the energy dissipation capacity and strength of the system based on prior experimental observations. Load vs. displacement relationships of an SCMRF‐SRB modular structure were formulated and verified with nonlinear finite element analysis results. A three‐story building located in downtown Seattle was designed and its seismic performance was studied through nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. According to the results of the nonlinear dynamic analyses, the prototype structure met the expected performance criteria in terms of inter‐story drift ratio (IDR), re‐centering behavior, and responses of the frame member at design basis earthquake (DBE). In different parametric studies, the effect of the length and location of the rocking beam on the seismic performance of the prototype structure was investigated. Moreover, the effects of the energy dissipation capacity and post‐yielding stiffness on the structural responses of the prototype buildings were studied. It was also shown that an SCMRF‐SRB structure with a large energy dissipation ratio of up to 90% can be utilized without adversely affecting the self‐centering performance of the system.
The Effects of Nickel and Copper on Tropical Marine and Freshwater Microalgae Using Single and Multispecies Tests
Authors: McKnight Kitty S. , Gissi Francesca , Adams Merrin S. , Stone Sarah , Jolley Dianne , Stauber Jenny 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Microalgae are key components of aquatic food chains and are known to be sensitive to a range of contaminants. Much of the available data on metal toxicity to microalgae have been derived from temperate single-species tests with temperate data used to supplement tropical toxicity data sets to derive guideline values. In the present study, we used single-species and multispecies tests to investigate the toxicity of nickel and copper to tropical freshwater and marine microalgae, including the free-swimming stage of Symbiodinium sp., a worldwide coral endosymbiont. Based on the 10% effect concentration (EC10) for growth rate, copper was two to four times more toxic than nickel to all species tested. The temperate strain of Ceratoneis closterium was eight to 10 times more sensitive to nickel than the two tropical strains. Freshwater Monoraphidium arcuatum was less sensitive to copper and nickel in the multispecies tests compared with the single-species tests (EC10 values increasing from 0.45 to 1.4 µg Cu/L and from 62 to 330 µg Ni/L). The Symbiodinium sp. was sensitive to copper (EC10 of 3.1 µg Cu/L) and less sensitive to nickel (EC50 &gt;1600 µg Ni/L). This is an important contribution of data on the chronic toxicity of nickel to Symbiodinium sp. A key result from the present study was that three microalgal species had EC10 values below the current copper water quality guideline value for 95% species protection in slightly to moderately disturbed systems in Australia and New Zealand, indicating that they may not be adequately protected by the current copper guideline value. By contrast, toxicity of nickel to microalgae is unlikely to occur at exposure concentrations typically found in fresh and marine waters. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:901–913. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Response surface methodology for optimization of enzymatic acylation of (R)‐(‒)‐linalool application to essential oils
Authors: Naouel Chaibrassou , Saoussen Zeror , Mounia Merabet‐Khelassi , Samira Kilani‐Morakchi , Karima Sifi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe essential oils of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and Tropical Basil (Ocimum basilicum) are characteristically high in both linalool and linalyl acetate esters, key constituents determining essential oil (EO) quality and activity. The enrichment of these products in linalyl acetate has a great interest in the industry. Herein, we report the production of linalyl acetate using the free lipase PPL as a catalyst in a solvent‐free medium. Parametric studies referring response surface methodology (RSM) were applied to optimize the conversion. The optimal experimental condition for (R)‐linalool acylation (temperature at 60°C, catalyst amount at 150 mg, volume of acetic anhydride at 1 mL, and reaction time at 5 days) was obtained from an experimental design analysis. Under these conditions, the enzymatic acylation was carried out for both pure linalool, Lavandula angustifolia and O. basilicum essential oils as substrates. 24.94% conversion of pure linalool to linalyl acetate was obtained; however, essential oils gave lower conversions (conv = 13%).
Characteristics of people seeking consultation after progressing to severe dementia: A mixed‐method analysis
Authors: Yamashita Mari , Kato Mai , Kawanishi Tomoya , Uehara Yoshiko , Kubota Yuko , Ogisawa Fumiko , Kawakubo Kiyo , Taga Tsutomu , Okamura Tsuyoshi , Ito Kae , Kitamura Shin , Yamazaki Akiko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis explores the characteristics of patients with worsening dementia who did not receive a specialized medical examination or care.MethodsThis study utilized a mixed methods analysis. Of the 2712 people who received the Mini Mental State of Examination (MMSE) at the Community Consultation Center for Citizens with MCI and Dementia between December 2007 and December 2019, 1413 people who scored 23 points or less were included. Participants were categorized into mild, moderate, and severe groups, based on their MMSE scores. Participants' characteristics—gender, age, presence or absence of an escort, demographics, family type, and presence or absence of a family doctor—were compared between the groups. To further understand the severe group's characteristics, clinical psychologists recorded consultation forms were categorized.ResultsMore than 80% of the patients in each group had a family doctor. Moreover, all the severe groups had escorts, and the role of family members and supporters was important for the consultation. In the severe group, 29 patients had never received specialized medical care. Their characteristics were coded “non‐existence” (fewer people or opportunities to notice their needs), “connection failure” (a lack of access or connections to consultations), and “evaluation failure” (not recognized as a problem requiring consultation).ConclusionsIt is necessary to improve primary physician education, disseminate knowledge, and raise awareness about dementia, besides building and strengthening networks to alleviate the isolation of dementia patients and their families. The psychological aspects of family members' denial regarding their family members with dementia must be addressed through intervention.
Cerebellar and subcortical atrophy contribute to psychiatric symptoms in frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Bussy Aurélie , Levy Jake P. , Best Tristin , Patel Raihaan , Cupo Lani , Van Langenhove Tim , Nielsen Jørgen E. , Pijnenburg Yolande , Waldö Maria Landqvist , Remes Anne M. , Schroeter Matthias L. , Santana Isabel , Pasquier Florence , Otto Markus , Danek Adrian , Levin Johannes , Le Ber Isabelle , Vandenberghe Rik , Synofzik Matthis , Moreno Fermin , de Mendonça Alexandre , Sanchez‐Valle Raquel , Laforce Robert , Langheinrich Tobias , Gerhard Alexander , Graff Caroline , Butler Chris R. , Sorbi Sandro , Jiskoot Lize , Seelaar Harro , van Swieten John C. , Finger Elizabeth , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Masellis Mario , Tiraboschi Pietro , Galimberti Daniela , Borroni Barbara , Rowe James B. , Bocchetta Martina , Rohrer Jonathan D. , Devenyi Gabriel A. , Chakravarty M. Mallar , Ducharme Simon ,   GENetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative (GENFI)
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent studies have reported early cerebellar and subcortical impact in the disease progression of genetic frontotemporal dementia (FTD) due to microtubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT), progranulin (GRN) and chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9orf72). However, the cerebello‐subcortical circuitry in FTD has been understudied despite its essential role in cognition and behaviors related to FTD symptomatology. The present study aims to investigate the association between cerebellar and subcortical atrophy, and neuropsychiatric symptoms across genetic mutations. Our study included 983 participants from the Genetic Frontotemporal dementia Initiative including mutation carriers and noncarrier first‐degree relatives of known symptomatic carriers. Voxel‐wise analysis of the thalamus, striatum, globus pallidus, amygdala, and the cerebellum was performed, and partial least squares analyses (PLS) were used to link morphometry and behavior. In presymptomatic C9orf72 expansion carriers, thalamic atrophy was found compared to noncarriers, suggesting the importance of this structure in FTD prodromes. PLS analyses demonstrated that the cerebello‐subcortical circuitry is related to neuropsychiatric symptoms, with significant overlap in brain/behavior patterns, but also specificity for each genetic mutation group. The largest differences were in the cerebellar atrophy (larger extent in C9orf72 expansion group) and more prominent amygdalar volume reduction in the MAPT group. Brain scores in the C9orf72 expansion carriers and MAPT carriers demonstrated covariation patterns concordant with atrophy patterns detectable up to 20 years before expected symptom onset. Overall, these results demonstrated the important role of the subcortical structures in genetic FTD symptom expression, particularly the cerebellum in C9orf72 and the amygdala in MAPT carriers.
Trajectories of brain volumes in young children are associated with maternal education
Authors: Zhu Changbo , Chen Yaqing , Müller Hans‐Georg , Wang Jane‐Ling , O'Muircheartaigh Jonathan , Bruchhage Muriel , Deoni Sean 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBrain growth in early childhood is reflected in the evolution of proportional cerebrospinal fluid volumes (pCSF), grey matter (pGM), and white matter (pWM). We study brain development as reflected in the relative fractions of these three tissues for a cohort of 388 children that were longitudinally followed between the ages of 18 and 96 months. We introduce statistical methodology (Riemannian Principal Analysis through Conditional Expectation, RPACE) that addresses major challenges that are of general interest for the analysis of longitudinal neuroimaging data, including the sparsity of the longitudinal observations over time and the compositional structure of the relative brain volumes. Applying the RPACE methodology, we find that longitudinal growth as reflected by tissue composition differs significantly for children of mothers with higher and lower maternal education levels.
To what extent do disparities in economic development and healthcare availability explain between‐province health inequalities among older people in China?
Authors: Richardson Sol , Li Zhihui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundUneven economic development has led to substantial health inequalities between Chinese provinces. The extent of, and factors underlying, between‐province health inequalities have received little attention.MethodsData from 15,278 respondents in Wave 2 (2013) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were used to investigate inequalities among people aged ≥50 years in five health outcomes between 27 Chinese province‐level administrative units. After characterizing the between‐province differences and the relevance of province effects, proportional change in variance between unadjusted and adjusted models was calculated to determine the percentage of between‐province variance in health outcomes explained by province‐level variables including measures of economic development and healthcare availability.ResultsAlthough province effects explained <10% of overall variance in health outcomes, they underpinned large between‐province inequalities among people aged ≥50 years. Gross Regional Product per capita was more important than doctor density in explaining between‐province variance in health outcomes, particularly depression symptoms and instrumental activities of daily living impairment.ConclusionPolicy efforts, including more equal distribution of healthcare personnel, may be warranted to reduce between‐province health inequalities.
Non‐invasive prediction of overall survival time for glioblastoma multiforme patients based on multimodal MRI radiomics
Authors: Zhu Jingyu , Ye Jianming , Dong Leshui , Ma Xiaofei , Tang Na , Xu Peng , Jin Wei , Li Ruipeng , Yang Guang , Lai Xiaobo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and deadly primary malignant brain tumor. As GBM tumor is aggressive and shows high biological heterogeneity, the overall survival (OS) time is extremely low even with the most aggressive treatment. If the OS time can be predicted before surgery, developing personalized treatment plans for GBM patients will be beneficial. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a commonly used diagnostic tool for brain tumors with high‐resolution and sound imaging effects. However, in clinical practice, doctors mainly rely on manually segmenting the tumor regions in MRI and predicting the OS time of GBM patients, which is time‐consuming, subjective and repetitive, limiting the effectiveness of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, it is crucial to segment the brain tumor regions in MRI, and an accurate pre‐operative prediction of OS time for personalized treatment is highly desired. In this study, we present a multimodal MRI radiomics‐based automatic framework for non‐invasive prediction of the OS time for GBM patients. A modified 3D‐UNet model is built to segment tumor subregions in MRI of GBM patients; then, the radiomic features in the tumor subregions are extracted and combined with the clinical features input into the Support Vector Regression (SVR) model to predict the OS time. In the experiments, the BraTS2020, BraTS2019 and BraTS2018 datasets are used to evaluate our framework. Our model achieves competitive OS time prediction accuracy compared to most typical approaches.
Irrigation and conservation agricultural practices improve crop yield, water productivity and energetics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in Vertisols of central India
Authors: Sawant Chetankumar Prakash , Singh Krishna Pratap , Singh Radhe Shyam , Lakaria Brij Lal , Nandeha Nirjharnee , Patel Anurag , Gupta Ajita , Kumar Manoj , Kumar Mukesh , Vishwakarma Anand Kumar , Pandey Himanshu Shekhar , Singh Dushyant , Khadatkar Abhijit , Babu V. Bhushana , Magar Ajit Pralhad , Mandal Sandip 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe identification of suitable conservation agricultural (CA) practices plays a significant role in global food security. A 3‐year (2018–2020) field experiment was conducted in Vertisols of the semi‐arid tropics of central India to investigate the effects of CA practices and irrigation methods on the yield, water productivity (WP) and energetics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). A split–split plot design was used with three treatments, namely, two irrigation methods (sprinkler and furrow), three residue loads (30%, 60% and 100%) and three planting methods (broad‐bed shaper‐cum‐planter [BBSP], zero‐till planter and seed‐cum‐fertilizer drill) with three replications each. Sprinkler irrigation significantly improved chickpea seed yield by 2% and 5% in the second (1566 kg ha−1) and third years (1555 kg ha−1) compared to furrow irrigation. During the three experimental years, the WP of chickpeas under sprinkler irrigation was significantly higher (p < 0.05) by 31%, 34% and 35% compared to that under furrow irrigation. Irrigation (6027 MJ ha−1), fertilization (1805 MJ ha−1) and planting (1615 MJ ha−1) accounted for 63%–68% of the total energy input in chickpea production. Under CA practices, it is recommended that higher returns be achieved using BBSP and a 100% residue load with sprinkler irrigation.
Corrosion caused by fertigation with urea and potassium chloride solutions resembles that generated by irrigation
Authors: Corrêa Flávia Vilela , Lima Luiz Antonio , Thebaldi Michael Silveira , Rodrigues Karina Vilela 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCorrosion is a common problem in irrigation systems consisting of metal parts. Fertigation can aggravate this phenomenon because fertilizers, once dissolved in water, usually tend to be corrosive. In this study, the effects of corrosion resulting from fertigation with solutions of white potassium chloride (10 g L−1) and urea (10 g L−1) on galvanized steel and AISI 304 stainless steel specimens, materials similar to the centre pivots and injection pumps, were evaluated by simulation tests. During the experiment, the mass loss, corrosion penetration rate, thickness loss and estimated useful life of the specimens were calculated. The results showed that the variation in the fertilizer source as well as the type of metal influenced the corrosion effects. Furthermore, the useful life expectancy of steels intended for irrigation in systems that practice fertigation practically does not differ from the systems where only irrigation is practiced. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel is significantly higher than that of galvanized steel, so its use should be considered in irrigation systems. In addition, it is interesting that the Zn coating on the galvanized steel pipes used for irrigation presents at least twice the thickness to ensure greater protection of the steel substrate.
Assessment of the bioaccumulation potential of four commonly used phenolic benzotriazoles based on in silico and experimental in vivo data
Authors: Leubner Nadine , Pawlowski Sascha , Salinas Edward R. , Wigh Adriana , Dammann Martina , Preibisch Alina , Schmitt Christian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhenolic benzotriazoles (BTZs) are used globally as light stabilizers in various plastic products to protect them from photooxidative degradation. The same physical–chemical properties that confer their functionality, like a sufficient photostability and a high octanol–water partition coefficient, also raise concerns on their potential for environmental persistence and bioaccumulation based on in silico predictive tools. To evaluate their bioaccumulation potential in aquatic organisms, standardized fish bioaccumulation studies according to OECD TG 305 were conducted with four of the most commonly used BTZs: UV 234, UV 329, UV P, and UV 326. The resulting growth‐ and lipid‐corrected BCF values revealed that UV 234, UV 329, and UV P were below the bioaccumulation threshold (BCF ≤ 2000), but UV 326 is considered very bioaccumulative (BCF ≥ 5000) with respect to the bioaccumulation criteria under REACH. Comparing these experimentally derived data with quantitative structure activity related or other calculated values using a logarithmic partitioning coefficient octanol–water (log Pow) driven mathematical formula revealed significant discrepancies demonstrating the weakness of current in silico approaches for this group of substances. Furthermore, available environmental monitoring data demonstrate that these rudimentary in silico approaches can lead to unreliable bioaccumulation estimates for this chemical class due to considerable uncertainties in underlying assumptions (e.g., concentration and route of exposure). However, using more sophisticated in silico methods (i.e., CATALOGIC base‐line model), the derived BCF values were better aligned with the experimentally derived ones.