bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organellomic gradients in the fourth dimension
Authors: Hickey Kathleen , Nazarov Taras , Smertenko Andrei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOrganelles function as hubs of cellular metabolism and elements of cellular architecture. In addition to 3 spatial dimensions that describe the morphology and localization of each organelle, the time dimension describes complexity of the organelle life cycle, comprising formation, maturation, functioning, decay, and degradation. Thus, structurally identical organelles could be biochemically different. All organelles present in a biological system at a given moment of time constitute the organellome. The homeostasis of the organellome is maintained by complex feedback and feedforward interactions between cellular chemical reactions and by the energy demands. Synchronized changes of organelle structure, activity, and abundance in response to environmental cues generate the fourth dimension of plant polarity. Temporal variability of the organellome highlights the importance of organellomic parameters for understanding plant phenotypic plasticity and environmental resiliency. Organellomics involves experimental approaches for characterizing structural diversity and quantifying the abundance of organelles in individual cells, tissues, or organs. Expanding the arsenal of appropriate organellomics tools and determining parameters of the organellome complexity would complement existing -omics approaches in comprehending the phenomenon of plant polarity. To highlight the importance of the fourth dimension, this review provides examples of organellome plasticity during different developmental or environmental situations.
Pain associated with psoriasis: a qualitative study
Authors: Sanader Vucemilovic Ana , Krnic Martinic Marina , Lazic Mosler Elvira , Puljak Livia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Pain is a major factor in the psychosocial impact of psoriasis. There is a paucity of qualitative reports of dermatologists’ views on psoriasis-related pain.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to explore the views of dermatologists on the presence and importance of pain associated with psoriasis.

Methods
This qualitative study, based on semi-structured interviews, included dermatologists from different cities working in the hospital and private sector in Croatia between May and July, 2022. We collected demographic and occupational data on participants and information about their experiences and attitudes toward psoriasis-related pain. Data were analysed by applying interpretative descriptive and thematic analysis using the 4-stage method for systematic text condensation.

Results
We included 19 dermatologists, all women, aged 38 (range: 31 to 63 years). Most dermatologists acknowledged the presence of pain in patients with psoriasis. They indicated that they sometimes do not sufficiently address this pain in daily practice. Some indicated that pain was a neglected symptom in psoriasis, while for others it was not crucial. Most indicated that it is necessary to focus more on psoriasis-related pain in clinical practice, to disambiguate between skin pain and joint pain in psoriatic conditions, and to better educate family physicians about psoriasis-related pain. They emphasized the importance of considering pain during psoriatic patient assessment and management. Further research on psoriasis-related pain was suggested.

Conclusions
More emphasis is needed on psoriasis-related pain for effective management of psoriasis, informing decision-making in the context of patient-centric care and improving the quality of life in patients with psoriasis.
A Quantity-Driven Theory of Term Premia and Exchange Rates
Authors: Greenwood Robin , Hanson Samuel , Stein Jeremy C , Sunderam Adi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe develop a model in which specialized bond investors must absorb shocks to the supply and demand for long-term bonds in two currencies. Since long-term bonds and foreign exchange are both exposed to unexpected movements in short-term interest rates, a shift in the supply of long-term bonds in one currency influences the foreign exchange rate between the two currencies, as well as bond term premia in both currencies. Our model matches several important empirical patterns, including the comovement between exchange rates and term premia, and the finding that central banks’ quantitative easing policies affect exchange rates. An extension of our model links spot exchange rates to the persistent deviations from covered interest rate parity that have emerged since 2008.
0002 Impact of Acute, Isocaloric Time-Restricted Eating on Resting Metabolic Rate and Obesogenic Factors in Healthy Lean Adults
Authors: Lowry Catherine , Seward Sophie , Rynders Corey , Broussard Josiane 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Time-restricted eating (TRE) is a dietary strategy in which energy is consumed over a 6-10h window during the day and is associated with reduced energy intake and subsequent weight loss in people with obesity. However, the impact of isocaloric TRE on obesogenic factors such as hormones related to hunger and appetite, as well as energy expenditure and metabolic rate is relatively unknown. We therefore investigated the impact of 1 week of isocaloric TRE on obesity-related outcomes including circulating leptin, ghrelin, and peptide YY (PYY) and resting metabolic rate (RMR).

Methods
Thirteen healthy adults (8F, 26.9±3.9y, 23.3±2.1kg/m2) participated in a 2-week protocol. During Week 1, energy was consumed over a 13h period with meals individually anchored to habitual wake time and consumed at +1h, +6h, +11h and +14h after wake. For Week 2, participants were instructed to match energy intake from Week 1 but restrict intake to an 8h period (meals at +1h, +5h, and +9h after wake). At the end of each week, participants were admitted to the laboratory for an overnight stay. Blood samples were collected hourly overnight and assayed for leptin, ghrelin, and PYY. RMR was assessed using hood calorimetry immediately after wake.

Results
TRE was associated with a significant reduction in circulating leptin levels (p&lt; 0.001) without changes in body weight (p=0.536), PYY or ghrelin levels. The respiratory exchange ratio (RER) calculated from hood calorimetry was significantly lower during TRE (0.76 vs 0.81; p=0.04) despite no change in energy expenditure (p=0.478) suggesting a higher reliance on fat oxidation during TRE compared with habitual eating.

Conclusion
Reductions in leptin in conjunction with lower RER suggests that TRE promotes increased fat utilization as compared with habitual eating. Future studies should evaluate whether long-term isocaloric TRE is associated with reduced adipose tissue mass.

Support (if any)
This project was supported by R01DK125653.
0010 Circadian dysregulation of the cardiopulmonary system in a mouse model of obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Koritala Bala , Lee Yin Yeng , Gaspar Laetita S , Smith Josette , Paulose Jiffin , Francey Lauren , Wu Gang , Ruben Marc , Smith David 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Intermittent hypoxia (IH) is a condition that occurs in people with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), in which breathing is repeatedly interrupted during sleep. This can cause a lack of oxygen (hypoxia) in the body. OSA is associated with chronic systemic inflammation, thought to increase the risk of comorbid conditions, including cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms behind these pathologic consequences are not well understood. We hypothesize that IH dysregulates the circadian system and heightens inflammatory responses through hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), contributing to the end organ damage among patients with OSA. Here, we tested this hypothesis using a mouse model of OSA.

Methods
C57BL/6J background mice were exposed to normoxic or IH conditions for either seven days (short-term) or six weeks (long-term) under 12-hour light and 12-hour dark cycles. After exposure, cardiopulmonary tissues were collected and processed to evaluate circadian transcriptomes, including among HIFs. We also measured protein levels of inflammatory mediators in the heart and lung to compare the effects of short- and long-term exposure to IH. In addition, we measured the real-time circadian physiology of blood pressure, heart rate, activity, and core body temperature using a DSI-telemetry system.

Results
We observed dysregulated circadian systems of the lung and heart following IH exposure. IH also had a negative impact on immune responses in the heart and lung tissue, resulting in a decrease in inflammatory mediators following short-term exposure. However, long-term exposure to IH had the opposite effect, causing an overall increase in inflammatory mediators that contribute to comorbid cardiopulmonary pathologies. In addition, we also observed altered circadian physiology, particularly a significant increase in core body temperature.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that a dysregulated circadian system is associated with altered inflammatory responses in the heart and lung following IH exposure. Our study provides novel insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with IH and potential biomarkers for the identification of comorbid cardiopulmonary pathology.

Support (if any)
National Institutes of Health grants 5K08HL148551; Triological Society; and the CCHMC Procter Scholar Award.
0051 Samelisant, a H3 Receptor Inverse Agonist for the Potential Treatment of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Nirogi Ramakrishna , Benade Vijay , Abraham Renny , Thentu Jagadeesh Babu , Petlu Surendra , Pandey Santosh Kumar , Badange Rajesh Kumar , Bojja Kumar , Subramanian Ramkumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Samelisant (SUVN-G3031) is a potent and selective histamine 3 receptor (H3R) inverse agonist with hH3 Ki of 8.7 nM. Samelisant exhibited desired pharmacokinetic properties and favorable brain penetration in rodents. Preclinical studies demonstrated samelisant produced wake promoting and anticataplectic effects in orexin knockout mice. Additionally samelisant modulated neurotransmitters like histamine in brain indicating neurochemical basis for wake promoting effects. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) estimated to affect 20-50% of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although non-treated PD patients exhibit EDS and sleep attacks, it is often associated with use of dopamine (DA) agonists, especially the recent non-ergot DA D2/3 agonists. Samelisant is currently being evaluated in a Phase-2 study as monotherapy for the treatment of EDS in patients with narcolepsy with or without cataplexy (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04072380).

Methods
Hemiparkinsonism was induced in male Wistar rats by injecting 6-OHDA (12 µg/4 µL) unilaterally into the medial forebrain bundle, and telemetric device was implanted to monitor EEG, EMG and activity. Animals were allowed to recover for 3 weeks prior to initiating EEG recordings. Basal EEG was recorded for 1 hour prior to samelisant administration and EEG acquisition was continued for 6 hours post treatment. After a washout period of 1 week, rats were administered with the quinpirole (30 µg/kg, i.p.) followed by samelisant and EEG acquisition was continued for 6 hours. EEG recordings were processed for sleep stages using NeuroScore and sleep sign software (DSI, MN, USA).

Results
Hemiparkinsonian animals showed decrease in wake and increase in sleep time during dark phase. Treatment with samelisant (10 and 30 mg/kg, p.o.) produced significant increase in cumulative wake period during first 3 hours post treatment. Treatment with quinpirole in hemiparkinsonian rats produced decrease in wake and increase in sleep time. Treatment with samelisant produced dose- dependent increase in wake with decrease in REM and NREM periods in quinpirole treated hemiparkinsonian rats.

Conclusion
The results from current preclinical studies indicate that samelisant may have a potential utility for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in PD patients.

Support (if any)
0083 Longitudinal sleep instability is associated with increased MRI-visible perivascular space burden
Authors: Keil Samantha , Piantino Juan , Luther Madison , Dennis Laura , Silbert Lisa , Schwartz Daniel , Willis Sherry , Lim Miranda , Iliff Jeffrey 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Emerging data from our group found longitudinal sleep variability within the Seattle Longitudinal Study was significantly associated with cognitive impairment and predicted cognitive impairment 10-years downstream. While this data supports a link between sleep instability, aging, and cognitive decline, the mechanism linking these processes is unknown. MRI-visible perivascular space (PVS) burden is a putative marker of glymphatic dysfunction, and previous studies suggest that sleep disruption is associated with PVS burden.

Methods
This a secondary analysis of subjects who a) participated in the Seattle Longitudinal Study and b) had T1-weighted 3 T MRI and FLAIR scans available for PVS analysis (n=250). We evaluated the variability (standard deviation) in each participant’s longitudinal self-reported sleep duration. White matter MRI-visible PVS were evaluated with a semi-automated segmentation algorithm, accounting PVS total burden (number/cm3), volume (mm3/cm3), as well as average PVS width, length, and median volume across participants, blinded by group. Participants were stratified into low or high-sleep variability groups.

Results
Preliminary analysis (n=37) demonstrated a significant association between high sleep variability and increased whole-brain PVS burden (p=0.04), with low sleep variability participants exhibiting an average of 7 PVS and high sleep variability participants an average of 11.33. Follow-up analysis evaluated PVS features within the wider cohort.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that variability in longitudinal sleep duration may exert a previously unappreciated influence on pathological processes, potentially including glymphatic dysfunction. Future studies within this cohort will seek to evaluate longitudinal changes in PVS burden across longitudinally-collected MRIs. Additional studies should be performed evaluating these findings on an independent cohort to assess whether sleep variability of different time scales (weeks, years, decades) exerts similar effects on these outcomes.

Support (if any)
0092 Barriers and facilitators of sleep health in family caregivers of persons living with dementia: A qualitative study
Authors: Lee Jiwon , Spratling Regena , Brewster Glenna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Family caregivers of persons with dementia (PLwD) commonly report poor sleep health. Existing effects of sleep interventions are mixed and may not have addressed unique issues experienced by caregivers of PLwD. Understanding the barriers and facilitators to get a good night's sleep for these caregivers is imperative for developing acceptable and effective interventions to improve sleep health in this population.

Methods
This was a secondary data analysis that used a qualitative descriptive design and aimed to explore sleep characteristics and experiences in family caregivers of PLwD. The current study used the same study design to explore barriers and facilitators of good sleep. Using a semi-structured interview, 19 family caregivers of PLwD who provided unpaid caregiving &gt; 4 hours a day with insomnia symptoms (Insomnia Severity Index &gt; 5) participated in this study. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Codes and themes were identified.

Results
Caregivers, on average, were 64 years old and primarily female (57.9%), Caucasian (68.4%), and spouses (78.9%). In general, caregivers of PLwD reported that the caregiving role negatively influenced and changed their sleep. Themes associated with barriers to good sleep included 1) PLwD’s sleep problems, including a need for increased vigilance for the PLwD, 2) stress associated with balancing work and family responsibilities with caregiving, and 3) caregiver's sleep problems, such as the use of CPAP, having a history of sleep problems before the caregiving role, and changes of sleep patterns with aging. Participating in regular exercise and practicing mindfulness activities (e.g., breathing, meditation or yoga) were themes associated with facilitators of good sleep. Maintaining good sleep hygiene habits (e.g., no caffeine and no daytime naps) and avoiding bad sleep hygiene habits (e.g., watching TV in the bedroom or using an electronic device in bed) were also identified as facilitators of good sleep.

Conclusion
Caregivers of PLwD reported poor sleep but identified multiple modifiable factors that could be used for interventions to improve sleep. These interventions can be at individual, dyadic, or family levels to best impact caregivers’ sleep.

Support (if any)
This study was supported by a research supplement to support diversity in health-related research awarded to Glenna Brewster (R01AG054079, PIs: Hepburn/Griffiths)
0098 Prenatal Maternal Sleep Quality Predicts Neonatal White Matter Microstructure and Infant Negative Emotionality
Authors: Nevarez-Brewster Melissa , Demers Catherine , Haase Mercedes Hoeflich , Al-Ali Khalid , Bagonis Maria , Gilmore John , Hoffman M Camille , Styner Martin , Hankin Benjamin , Davis Elysia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Poor prenatal sleep health is a pervasive reproductive health concern that informs the health of the mother and fetal development. Despite the almost ubiquitous nature of sleep disturbances across pregnancy, sleep health within pregnant populations, and its effects on the next generation, remain poorly studied. We recently showed that prenatal maternal sleep quality predicts newborn hippocampal volume. However, the relation between prenatal sleep quality and neonatal neural circuit development remains unknown. Changes in neonatal white matter microstructure presage compromised socioemotional and cognitive health, including the development of psychopathology and neurocognitive disorders, making it a plausible neurobiological pathway linking prenatal maternal sleep and offspring socioemotional health. This study first examined the relations between trajectories of prenatal maternal sleep quality and subsequent neonatal white matter integrity. We next evaluated whether neonatal white matter integrity partially mediates associations between prenatal sleep and infant negative emotionality.

Methods
Pregnant participants (n = 116) provided prospective and longitudinal data of prenatal maternal sleep quality at 16, 29, and 35 gestational weeks using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Neonatal (53% female) white matter integrity was assessed via diffusion weighed images using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Infant negative emotionality was collected at 6 postpartum months using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire.

Results
Trajectories of prenatal maternal sleep quality predicted higher bilateral neonatal fractional anisotropy (FA) in the uncinate fasciculus (e.g., right: b = 0.15, p = .023). Further, higher uncinate FA predicted more infant negative emotionality (e.g., right: b = 0.25, p = .011) and uncinate FA partially mediated the association between prenatal maternal sleep and infant negative emotionality (right: indirect effect = 0.014, CI = [.0001, .0323], p &lt; .05). Associations remained after covarying for infant postconceptional age at MRI, motion in MRI scan, sex, and income-to-needs ratio.

Conclusion
These findings highlight prenatal maternal sleep health as a prenatal signal with intergenerational connections to offspring neurobiology and negative emotionality, both of which have been previously implicated in the development of psychopathology. Pregnancy is a sensitive period in which interventions may inform the health of two generations.

Support (if any)
NIMH R01MH109662, NHLBI R01HL155744, and diversity training supplement for 1st author; F32MH125572 for 2nd author.
0121 Newborn Hair Cortisol and Sleep Health in Infancy
Authors: Benefield Tessa , Deer LillyBelle , Nevarez-Brewster Melissa , LeBourgeois Monique , Hankin Benjamin , Doom Jenalee , Davis Elysia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Poor sleep health in infancy is linked to compromised physical and mental health in adulthood. As a result, identifying predictors of infant sleep health is essential for promoting lifelong health. A potential predictor that has been largely untested is fetal hypothalamic-adrenal-pituitary (HPA) axis functioning, which is linked to sleep behaviors and has been implicated in the development of sleep disorders. Cortisol, the end product of the HPA axis, may be important in regulating sleep during the early postnatal period. However, very little is known about the relation between fetal cortisol and offspring sleep in infancy. The current study aims to test the associations between neonatal hair cortisol, an index of fetal cortisol production in the third trimester, and sleep health in infancy.

Methods
Shortly after birth (M(days)=1.73, SD(days)=2.30), hair cortisol was collected from 70 infants (57.1% female) within the Care Project, a longitudinal study in Denver, Colorado. Participants did not receive exogenous glucocorticoids prenatally. Infant sleep health was assessed using parent report on the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) at 7 months of age. The BISQ includes measures of nighttime sleep duration, time spent in wakefulness during the night, number of night awakenings, and nighttime sleep onset latency. Partial correlations were conducted to examine the relation between newborn hair cortisol and sleep health, controlling for gestational age at birth and family income-to-needs ratio.

Results
Greater neonatal hair cortisol predicted longer sleep onset latency at 7 months (r=.32, p=.017), controlling for gestational age at birth and income-to-needs. Neonatal hair cortisol was not correlated with nighttime sleep duration (r=-.17, p=.21), nighttime wake duration (r=.13, p=.36), and number of night awakenings (r=-.13, p=.32).

Conclusion
Higher levels of fetal cortisol may negatively affect infant sleep health. Specifically, cortisol may inform the shift from multiphasic to monophasic sleep as well as the accumulation of sleep pressure throughout the day, impacting sleep onset latency. Future studies should consider the long-term effects of fetal cortisol production on sleep health in infancy and potentially later in life.

Support (if any)
This work is supported by the National Institutes of Health R01MH109662, R01HL155744, K01HL143159, F32HL165844, and diversity training supplement 3R01HL155744-01S3.