bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frailty and Pre-Frailty in the Setting of Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Narrative Review
Authors: Pearl Adam , Ismail Aya , Alsadi Tariq , Crespi Zachary , Daher Mohammad , Saleh Khaled 
Published: July 2023

Background Total joint arthroplasties are among the most common surgical procedures performed in the United States. Although numerous safeguards are in place to optimize patient health and safety pre-, intra-, and postoperatively, patient frailty is often incompletely assessed or not assessed at all. Frailty has been shown to increase rates of adverse events and length of stay. We discuss the impact of frailty on patient outcomes and healthcare economics as well as provide widely accepted models to assess frailty and their optimal usage. Methods Several databases were searched using the keywords “frailty,” “TJA,” “THA,” “frailty index,” “frailty assessment,” and “frailty risk.” A total of 45 articles were used in this literature review. Results It is estimated that nearly half of patients over the age of 85 meet criteria for frailty. Frailty in surgical patients has been shown to increase total costs as well as length of stay. Additionally, increased rates of numerous adverse events are associated with increased frailty. Conclusions The literature demonstrates that frailty poses increased risk of adverse events, increased length of stay, and increased cost. There are several models that accurately assess frailty and can feasibly be implemented into preoperative screening.
Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 50 Most Influential Studies on Patellar Tendon Injury
Authors: Boddu Sayi P. , Gill Vikram S. , Moore M. Lane , Haglin Jack M. , Lai Cara H. , Brinkman Joseph C. , Chhabra Anikar 
Published: July 2023

Background: There is a wide range of literature on patellar tendon injury, making it increasingly difficult to stay informed on the most influential studies in this field. It is essential to be familiar with the foundational articles of patellar tendon injury research to understand the current state of the literature and deliver high quality care. Purpose: To objectively identify the 50 most influential articles relating to patellar tendon injury and conduct a bibliometric analysis to identify key features of these articles. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The Clarivate Analytics Web of Knowledge database was utilized to gather metrics on the 50 most cited articles on patellar tendon injury on June 27, 2022. The information extracted from each article included publication year, number of citations, author information, article type, level of evidence, country of origin, journal name, study focus, and industry influence. Results: The top 50 studies were cited a total of 8543 times and published between 1977 and 2015. The majority of articles were published after 2003, and the majority of citations were accrued after 2011. The most prevalent article types were cohort studies (n = 23), and the majority of studies were of evidence level 2 (n = 14) or 4 (n = 13). Australia and the United States (US) each published the most studies (n = 11). Only 4 (8%) studies focused on patellar tendon rupture, and 12 (24%) of the top 50 studies were associated with industry. Conclusion: The majority of the top 50 most influential articles in patellar tendon injury were published and accumulated citations in the past 10 to 20 years. Non-US countries, institutions, and journals published many of the top 50 studies, reflecting a global interest and commitment to research in this field. Patellar tendon rupture and surgical repair represents a minority of research in the top 50 studies and could be a point of growth in the future.
Predicting Factors of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Teli Margareta , Thato Ratsiri , Rias Yohanes Andy 
Published: July 2023

Introduction One of the most important outcomes of diabetes care and treatment is an improvement in patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Objective This study aimed to review the empirical evidence regarding the predictors of HRQoL among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods To find all English-language articles published between 2012 and 2022, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using ProQuest, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, and CORE. Cross-sectional studies were the focus of this analysis. Search terms included “type 2 diabetes” OR “T2DM” AND “health-related quality of life” OR “HRQoL” AND (“predicting factors” OR “influencing factors” OR “associated factors”). The original search yielded a total of 1,089 studies, from which 35 met the review's inclusion criteria. The systematic review protocol was registered with PROSPERO CRD42023431229. Results The final analysis comprised 24,346 people with type 2 diabetes and used data from 35 cross-sectional studies conducted during the preceding decade. Socio-demographic factors (age, marital status, gender, monthly income, education, area of residence, and religiosity), patient-centered factors (diabetes knowledge and self-efficacy), disease characteristics (comorbidities, duration of diabetes, and insulin treatment), self-management behaviors (physical activity, medication adherence, and frequent glucose checks), and family support were found to be predictors of HRQoL. Conclusion A diabetes program to enhance the HRQoL among people with T2DM is highly encouraged to address these factors, which can be focused on promoting self-management behaviors, diabetes distress management, and encourage family support.
Preconception Care Recommendations, Training, and Competency of Primary Healthcare Nurses in South Africa: A Quantitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Ukoha Winifred Chinyere , Mtshali Ntombifikile Gloria 
Published: July 2023

Introduction There has been a growing interest in preconception care (PCC) as a primary means of tackling the high maternal and child mortality rates, as evidence has shown that the state of maternal health before conception can have a direct impact on the health of the mother and baby. Primary care nurses have been recognized as the highest providers of sexual and reproductive healthcare to the vulnerable population in resource-constrained settings. Objective This study aimed to examine and describe the PCC recommendations, training, and competency of primary healthcare (PHC) nurses in South Africa. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 196 PHC nurses to examine the PCC recommendations, training, and competency. A self-administered survey tool was used for data collection. Results The self-reported PCC recommendations, training, and competency of PHC nurses were 63.3%, 88.3%, and 94.9%, respectively, in each aspect. The PCC training among the respondents was mainly in-service training. The only training that was indicated to have been done primarily at a pre-service level was training about reproductive life plan screening and brief counseling. Over 20% of the respondents indicated that they did not receive any training on how to provide alcohol, drug, or tobacco cessation services and how to conduct preconception risk assessments. Conclusion Although PHC nurses reported a high level of recommendation, training, and competency, their level of reported PCC practice is not equivalent to their provision, as they rendered PCC services to fewer women, and they also reported fewer women seeking PCC. A future longitudinal study is required to examine the reason for low PCC-seeking habits among those at high risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and contextual factors influencing the provision of PCC services among healthcare workers.
An Innovative Nurse Practitioner Curricular Design Using an Adaptive Learning Platform, Adaptive Case Studies, and Telehealth Simulations: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Hinkle Julie F. , Bove Lisa Anne , Roberto Anka , Arms Tamatha , Rowan Noell L. , Sigmon Lorie 
Published: July 2023

Introduction This project explored the feasibility of implementing an innovative cross-curricular framework using an adaptive learning (AL) platform and telehealth simulations. Objective To determine the feasibility of implementing an innovative cross-curricular framework using an AL platform and telehealth simulations. Methods A mixed-method pilot study was conducted using novel AL modules, adaptive case studies, and telehealth simulation. Results Quantitative data analysis demonstrated significant correlations within and across demographics using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified (SET-M). Specifically, significant correlations are evident between TAM ease of use items 1–6, 8, and 10 and TAM usefulness 1, 3, and 9, with SET-M items 3 and 5–15. Thematic analysis revealed that participants felt that the overall project was worthwhile and increased confidence in telehealth. Conclusion Participants found the technology used in this study was easy and useful, and they indicated a positive experience with telehealth simulation. Overall, this study demonstrated that implementation of AL using our paradigm is feasible and supports further investigation into implementing a cross-curricular framework using an AL platform and telehealth simulations.
Management of covert brain infarction survey: A call to care for and trial this neglected population
Authors: Meinel Thomas R , Triulzi Camilla B , Kaesmacher Johannes , Mujanovic Adnan , Pasi Marco , Leung Lester Y , Kent David M , Sui Yi , Seiffge David , Bücke Philipp , Umarova Roza , Arnold Marcel , Roten Laurent , Nguyen Thanh N , Wardlaw Joanna , Fischer Urs 
Published: July 2023

Background: Covert brain infarction (CBI) is highly prevalent and linked with stroke risk factors, increased mortality, and morbidity. Evidence to guide management is sparse. We sought to gain information on current practice and attitudes toward CBI and to compare differences in management according to CBI phenotype. Methods: We conducted a web-based, structured, international survey from November 2021 to February 2022 among neurologists and neuroradiologists. The survey captured respondents’ baseline characteristics, general approach toward CBI and included two case scenarios designed to evaluate management decisions taken upon incidental detection of an embolic-phenotype and a small-vessel-disease phenotype. Results: Of 627 respondents (38% vascular neurologists, 24% general neurologists, and 26% neuroradiologists), 362 (58%) had a partial, and 305 (49%) a complete response. Most respondents were university hospital senior faculty members experienced in stroke, mostly from Europe and Asia. Only 66 (18%) of respondents had established institutional written protocols to manage CBI. The majority indicated that they were uncertain regarding useful investigations and further management of CBI patients (median 67 on a slider 0–100, 95% CI 35–81). Almost all respondents (97%) indicated that they would assess vascular risk factors. Although most would investigate and treat similarly to ischemic stroke for both phenotypes, including initiating antithrombotic treatment, there was considerable diagnostic and therapeutic heterogeneity. Less than half of respondents (42%) would assess cognitive function or depression. Conclusions: There is a high degree of uncertainty and heterogeneity regarding management of two common types of CBI, even among experienced stroke physicians. Respondents were more proactive regarding the diagnostic and therapeutic management than the minimum recommended by current expert opinions. More data are required to guide management of CBI; meantime, more consistent approaches to identification and consistent application of current knowledge, that also consider cognition and mood, would be promising first steps to improve consistency of care.
Lack of eosinophil extracellular trap formation due to failure of plasma membrane breakdown in the absence of elastase
Authors: Sprenkeler Evelien G. G. , Goetschalckx Ines , Fernández Hermira Sara , Tool Anton T. J. , Hoogenboezem Mark , van Bruggen Robin , Kuijpers Taco W. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Activated eosinophils are described to release eosinophil extracellular traps (EETs), which consist of the cell’s DNA covered with granule-derived antimicrobial peptides. Upon stimulation of eosinophils with the known EET-inducers phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, monosodium urate crystals, or Candida albicans, we observed that their plasma membrane became compromised, resulting in accessibility of the nuclear DNA for staining with the impermeable DNA dye Sytox Green. However, we did not observe any DNA decondensation or plasma membrane rupture by eosinophils, which sharply contrasts with neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and the subsequent cell death known as NETosis. Neutrophil elastase (NE) activity is thought to be essential for the cleavage of histones and chromatin decondensation during NETosis. We observed that the neutrophils of a patient with a mutation in ELANE, leading to congenital neutropenia and NE deficiency, were unable to undergo NETosis. Taken together, we may suggest that the natural absence of any NE-like proteolytic activity in human eosinophils explains why EET formation is not observed, even when eosinophils become positive for an impermeable DNA dye in response to stimuli that induce NETosis in neutrophils.
Natural history and variability in albuminuria in pediatric and murine sickle cell anemia
Authors: Kasztan Malgorzata , Aban Inmaculada , Baker Kayla , Ho Michael , Ilonze Chibuzo , Lebensburger Jeffrey 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
It is critical to characterize the natural history of albuminuria in patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA); however, these data are currently lacking and affecting evidence-based guidelines. We performed a natural history study of the development of pediatric albuminuria. We identified participants with hemoglobin SS/SB0 thalassemia ≥5 years with albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) measurements performed at a steady-state clinic visit. Participants were characterized as either persistent, intermittent, or never albuminuria. We determined the prevalence of persistent albuminuria, use of ACR ≥100 mg/g as a predictor, and variation in ACR measurements. We mirrored this study to determine the variation in albuminuria measurements in the SCA murine model. Among 355 participants with HbSS/SB0 thalassemia with 1728 ACR measurements, we identified 17% with persistent and 13% with intermittent albuminuria. Thirteen percent of participants with persistent albuminuria developed an abnormal ACR before 10 years of age. A single ACR measurement ≥100 mg/g was associated with 55.5 times (95% confidence interval, 12.3-527) higher odds of having persistent albuminuria. Among participants with ACR ≥100 mg/g, we identified significant variability in the results of repeated measurements. The median ACR at the initial and next measurements were 175.8 mg/g (interquartile range [IQR], 135-242) and 117.3 mg/g (IQR, 64-292). The human variability in ACR was mirrored by ∼20% variability in albuminuria in murine model. This evidence suggests adopting standards for repeating ACR measurements, consider screening for ACR before 10 years of age, and using an ACR &gt;100 mg/g as a risk factor for progression. Pediatric and murine renoprotective clinical trials need to consider the high variability in repeated ACR measurements.
Complement and platelets: prothrombotic cell activation requires membrane attack complex–induced release of danger signals
Authors: Mannes Marco , Pechtl Veronika , Hafner Susanne , Dopler Arthur , Eriksson Oskar , Manivel Vivek Anand , Wohlgemuth Lisa , Messerer David Alexander Christian , Schrezenmeier Hubert , Ekdahl Kristina N. , Nilsson Bo , Jacobsen Eva-Maria , Hoenig Manfred , Huber-Lang Markus , Braun Christian K. , Schmidt Christoph Q. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Complement activation in the diseases paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) results in cytolysis and fatal thrombotic events, which are largely refractory to anticoagulation and/or antiplatelet therapy. Anticomplement therapy, however, efficiently prevents thrombotic events in PNH and aHUS, but the underlying mechanisms remain unresolved. We show that complement-mediated hemolysis in whole blood induces platelet activation similarly to activation by adenosine 5′-diphosphate (ADP). Blockage of C3 or C5 abolished platelet activation. We found that human platelets failed to respond functionally to the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a. Instead, complement activation did lead to prothrombotic cell activation in the whole blood when membrane attack complex (MAC)-mediated cytolysis occurred. Consequently, we demonstrate that ADP receptor antagonists efficiently inhibited platelet activation, although full complement activation, which causes hemolysis, occurred. By using an established model of mismatched erythrocyte transfusions in rats, we crossvalidated these findings in vivo using the complement inhibitor OmCI and cobra venom factor. Consumptive complement activation in this animal model only led to a thrombotic phenotype when MAC-mediated cytolysis occurred. In conclusion, complement activation only induces substantial prothrombotic cell activation if terminal pathway activation culminates in MAC-mediated release of intracellular ADP. These results explain why anticomplement therapy efficiently prevents thromboembolisms without interfering negatively with hemostasis.
Mapping and candidate gene analysis of clustered bud on the main inflorescence in Brassica napus L.
Authors: Zheng Wen Yin , Zhu Zhe Yi , Sami Abdul , Sun Meng Yuan , Li Yong , Hu Jian , Qian Xing Zhi , Ma Jin Xu , Wang Mei Qi , Yu Yan , Zhang Fu Gui , Zhou Ke Jin , Zhu Zong He 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBreeding rapeseed varieties with more main inflorescence siliques is an idea for developing rapeseed varieties that are suitable for light and simplified cultivation. The Brassica napus exhibited cluster bud of the main inflorescence (Bnclib) gene. At the fruiting stage, the main inflorescence had more siliques, higher density, and more main inflorescences. Moreover, the top of the main inflorescence bifurcated. Genetic analysis showed that the separation ratio between Bnclib and the wild type in the F2 generation was 3:1, which indicated that the trait was a single-gene-dominant inheritance. Among the 24 candidate genes, only one gene, BnaA03g53930D, showed differential expression between the groups (False discovery rate, FDR ≤ 0.05, |log2FC|≤ 1). qPCR verification of the BnaA03g53930D gene between Huyou 17 and its Bnclib near-isogenic line showed that BnaA03g53930D was significantly differentially expressed in the stem tissue of Huyou 17 and its Bnclib near-isogenic line (Bnclib NIL). The determination of gibberellin (GA), brassinolide (BR), cytokinin (CTK), jasmonic acid (JA), growth hormone (IAA), and strigolactone (SL) content in the shoot apex of Huyou 17 by Bnclib NIL and wild type showed that all six hormones significantly differed between the Bnclib NIL and Huyou 17. It is necessary to conduct further research on the interactions between JA and the other five hormones and the main inflorescence bud clustering in B. napus.
Transcript-wide identification and expression pattern analysis to comprehend the roles of AP2/ERF genes under development and abiotic stress in Trichosanthes kirilowii
Authors: Xiong Rui , Chu Zhuannan , Peng Xingxing , Cui Guangsheng , Li Weiwen , Dong Ling 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe APETALA 2/ ethylene-responsive element binding factors (AP2/ERF), are thought to be associated with plant abiotic stress response, and involved in some plant hormone signaling pathways.Trichosanthes kirilowiiis an important edible and medicinal crop, so far no research has been conducted on theTkAP2/ERFgenes.ResultIn this study, a total of 135 TkERFs were identified, these genes were divided into 4 subfamilies and clustered into 13 groups. Moreover, 37 paralogous pairs were identified, with only two having Ka/Ks values greater than 1, proving that mostTkERFgenes underwent purifying selection during evolution. Co-expression networks constructed using transcriptome data at various flowering stages revealed that 50, 64, and 67 AP2/ERF genes correlated with members of the ethylene, gibberellin, and abscisic acid signaling pathways, respectively. When tissue cultured seedlings were treated with ETH, GA3 and ABA, 11, 12 and 17 genes were found to be up-regulated, respectively, suggesting that some members of theTkERFgene family may be involved in plant hormone signaling pathways. And under 4 ℃, PEG and NaCl treatment, 15, 20 and 19 genes were up-regulated, respectively, this suggested that these selected genes might be involved in plant abiotic stresses.ConclusionsOverall, we identified 135 AP2/ERF family members, a comprehensive analysis of AP2/ERF gene expression patterns by RNA-seq and qRT-PCR showed that they played important roles in flower development and abiotic stress. This study provided a theoretical basis for the functional study ofTkAP2/ERFgenes and the genetic improvement ofT. kirilowii.
The effects of an innovative GP-physiotherapist partnership in improving COPD management in primary care
Authors: Pagano Lisa , Dennis Sarah , Wootton Sally , Chan Andrew S. L. , Zwar Nicholas , Mahadev Sriram , Pallavicini Deborah , McKeough Zoe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence suggests that management of people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in primary care has been suboptimal, in particular, with low referral rates to pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a GP-physiotherapist partnership in optimising management of COPD in primary care.

Methods
A pragmatic, pilot, before and after study was conducted in four general practices in Australia. A senior cardiorespiratory physiotherapist was partnered with each general practice. Adults with a history of smoking and/or COPD, aged ≥ 40 years with ≥ 2 practice visits in the previous year were recruited following spirometric confirmation of COPD. Intervention was provided by the physiotherapist at the general practice and included PR referral, physical activity and smoking cessation advice, provision of a pedometer and review of inhaler technique. Intervention occurred at baseline, one month and three months. Main outcomes included PR referral and attendance. Secondary clinical outcomes included changes in COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score, dyspnoea, health activation and pedometer step count. Process outcomes included count of initiation of smoking cessation interventions and review of inhaler technique.

Results
A total of 148 participants attended a baseline appointment where pre/post bronchodilator spirometry was performed. 31 participants with airflow obstruction on post-bronchodilator spirometry (mean age 75yrs (SD 9.3), mean FEV1% pred = 75% (SD 18.6), 61% female) received the intervention. At three months, 78% (21/27) were referred to PR and 38% (8/21) had attended PR. No significant improvements were seen in CAT scores, dyspnoea or health activation. There was no significant change in average daily step count at three months compared to baseline (mean difference (95% CI) -266 steps (-956 to 423), p = 0.43). Where indicated, all participants had smoking cessation interventions initiated and inhaler technique reviewed.

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that this model was able to increase referrals to PR from primary care and was successful in implementing some aspects of COPD management, however, was insufficient to improve symptom scores and physical activity levels in people with COPD.

Trial registration
ANZCTR, ACTRN12619001127190. Registered 12 August 2019 – Retrospectively registered,
http://www.ANZCTR.org.au/ACTRN12619001127190.aspx.