bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Buoyant Flow of H2 Vs. CO2 in Storage Aquifers: Implications to Geological Screening
Authors: Ren Bo , Jensen Jerry , Duncan Ian , Lake Larry 
Published: April 2023

Summary
Hydrogen will play an important role in the quest to decarbonize the world’s economy by substituting fossil fuels. In addition to the development of hydrogen generation technologies, the energy industry will need to increase hydrogen storage capacity to facilitate the development of a robust hydrogen economy. The required hydrogen storage capacity will be much larger than current hydrogen and natural gas storage capacities. There are several geological storage options for hydrogen that include depleted hydrocarbon fields and aquifers, where more research is needed until the feasibility of storing hydrogen at scale is proved. Here, we investigate the buoyant flow of H2 (as a working gas) vs. CO2 (as a cushion gas) separately in a representative storage aquifer. Buoyant flow can affect the maximum storage, capillary trapping, likelihood of leakage, and deliverability of aquifer-stored hydrogen.
After building a 2D geological reservoir model initially filled with saline water, we ran numerical simulations to determine how hydrogen placed at the bottom of an aquifer might rise through the water column. The Leverett j-function is used to generate heterogeneous capillary entry pressure fields that correlate with porosity and permeability fields. Hydrogen viscosities were based on the Jossi et al. correlation, and the density was modeled using the Peng-Robinson equation of state. We then simulated several scenarios to assess flow during short- (annually) and long- (several years) term storage. For comparison purposes, we also ran CO2 storage simulations using the same geological model but with CO2-brine-rock properties collected from the literature.
For a representative storage aquifer (323 K, 15.7 MPa, and mean permeability of 200 md), significant fingering occurred as the hydrogen rose through the saline water column. The hydrogen experienced more buoyant flow and created flow paths with increased fingering when compared with CO2. Individual hydrogen fingers are thinner than the CO2 fingers in the simulations, and the tips of hydrogen finger fronts propagated upward roughly twice as fast as the CO2 front for a typical set of heterogeneity indicators (Dykstra-Parson’s coefficient Vdp = 0.80, and dimensionless autocorrelation length λDx = 2).
The implications of buoyant flow for hydrogen in saline aquifers include an increased threat of leakage, more residual trapping of hydrogen, and, therefore, the need to focus more on the heterogeneity and lateral correlation behavior of the repository. If hydrogen penetrates the caprock of an aquifer, it will leak faster than CO2 and generate more vertical flow pathways. We identify possible depositional environments for clastic aquifers that would offer suitable characteristics for storage.
The Effect of Knowledge Brokering on Cardiac Nurses' Empathy With Their Patients: A Field Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Galehdarifard Atefeh , Khademi Mojgan , Gholami Mohammad , Radfar Moloud , Ebrahimzadeh Farzad , Imani-Nasab Mohammad-Hasan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Although it has been reported that there is a relationship between empathetic behaviors and the reduction in cardiovascular events, some evidence revealed a lack of empathy among nurses. Accordingly, some interventions are required to be conducted for improving empathy among cardiac nurses. This study aimed to determine the effect of knowledge brokering on cardiac nurses' empathy with their patients.
Methods
This is a field randomized controlled trial conducted on a total of 100 cardiac nurses. Participants were assigned to two groups of control and intervention using stratified random allocation. In the intervention group, knowledge brokering was performed at seven stages, including personal assessment; horizon scanning; knowledge management; knowledge translation and exchange; network development, maintenance and facilitation; knowledge facilitation and skill development; and receiving the support of managers for individual changes. Data were collected using Empathy Construct Rating Scale (ECRS) and then analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, N.Y., USA). The significance level was considered less than 0.05. The independent-samples t-test was utilized to compare the mean empathy scores before the intervention. The paired-samples t-test and the generalized linear model (with the identity link function) were respectively used to conduct the within- and between-group comparisons after the intervention.
Results
After the completion of the intervention, the mean changes of empathy score (± standard deviation) of empathy was shown to be 1.14 ± 27.73 in the control group (p = .773) and 11.02 ± 35.39 in the intervention group (p = .032). The difference in the mean changes of empathy score was significant between the two groups (p = .042).
Conclusion
Knowledge brokering can promote the level of empathy among cardiac nurses.
Adsorptive Removal of Dimethyl Phthalate Using Peanut Shell Derived Biochar from Aqueous Solutions: Equilibrium, Kinetics and Mechanistic Studies.
Authors: Ghosh Saptarshi , Sahu Manoranjan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Rise in polymer industry and extensive use of their products leads to leaching of phthalate esters and distributed into the different matrices of the environment. These chemical group has the potential to hamper the life of living organisms and ecosystem. Thus, it is essential to develop cost effective adsorbents capable of removing these harmful compounds from the environment. In this work, peanut hull derived biochar was taken as the adsorbent, and DMP was selected as the model pollutant or adsorbates. The biochar’s of different properties were produced at three pyrolysis temperature (i.e., 450,550, and 650°C) to check how temperature affected the adsorbent properties and adsorption performance. Consequently, performance of biochar’s for DMP adsorption were thoroughly studied by the combination of experiments and compared with commercial activated carbon (CAC). All the adsorbents are meticulously characterized using various analytical techniques and used for adsorption DMP from aqueous solutions. The results suggested that adsorption was favoring chemisorption with multi-layered adsorption as adsorption kinetics and isotherm are in good alignment with pseudo second order kinetics and Freundlich isotherm, respectively. Further, thermodynamic study revealed DMP adsorption on adsorbent is physically spontaneous and endothermic. The removal efficiency order of four adsorbent was as follows: BC650 > CAC > BC550 > BC450 with maximum efficiency of 98.8% for BC650 followed by 98.6% for CAC at optimum conditions. And, as it’s a short carbon chain PAE, dominant mechanisms of adsorption for DMP onto porous biochar were H-bonding, π-π EDA interactions, and diffusion within the pore spaces. Therefore, this study can provide strategies for the synthesis of biochar for effectively removing DMP from aqueous solution.
Evaluation of Melatonin protective effect on reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis by placental transfer of Methadone in Mice
Authors: Akbarzadeh Maryam , Nemati Farkhondeh , Depouri Abasali , Shaki Fatemeh , Ataee Ramin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Methadone is a substance widely used in the substitution treatment of opiate addiction in pregnancy. The placental transfer of methadone influences oxidative stress processes. Melatonin is the hormone with antioxidant activity. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of melatonin on oxidative stress induced by transfer of transplacental methadone in mice After breading and mating periods,the female mice (25-30 gm, 2 months old) were divided into 6 groups (6 mice per group) of control, Methadone (0.3 mg/kg intraperitoneal, single dose) and melatonin (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mg/kg/day gavage) administered 30 minutes before methadone and one group received melatonin alone(0.6 mg/kg) . All groups were received as a single injection. Administration for 10 consecutive days of pregnancy period were done. After Baby mice were born, all neonatal mice were killed with beheading. Then, the liver tissues were brought out. Then samples were gone for studying of oxidative stress markers as lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), and protein carbonyl (PrC) contents.Also for assaying apoptosis we have used immunohistochemistry method for BAX, Bcl2 and Caspase3. This study has shown that methadone caused a significant decrease in GSH concentration<0.05. Also were observed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl contents<0.05. However, melatonin treatment significantly inhibited oxidative stress markers<0.05 .Also apoptosis assay has shown that melatonin could decrease BAX and Caspase 3 as apoptotic proteins and increased Bcl2 as anti-apoptotic protein (P<0.05).Our findings have shown that melatonin has a protective effect against oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by placental transfer of methadone via its antioxidant effects.
Outcome of Ceftriaxone resistant, Escherichia-coli and Klebsiella spp. bacteremia comparing Carbapenem and Beta-lactam/Beta-lactamase inhibiters in a public sector hospital from Pakistan
Authors: Rani Beena , Dodani Sunil Kumar , Mushtaq Maryam , Babar Zaheer Uddin , Badlani Sanjay , Jamil Sana , Fatima Mehreen , Nasim Asma 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Carbapenem are recommended for the treatment of Ceftriaxone (CRO) resistant Enterobacterales, however, there are concerns of cost and resistance. Our aim is to compare the outcome of CRO resistant E-coli and Klebsiella bacteremia between Carbapenem and Beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors (BL/BLI).Methods A prospective cohort study conducted from October 2021 to June 2022. All adult patients with E coli or Klebsiella spp. bacteremia, CRO resistant and sensitive to both BL/BLI and Carbapenem were included. The patients were divided into BL/BLI and Carbapenem groups. Demographics, clinical features, comorbidities, laboratory parameters and intensive care unit stay were compared. Outcomes were bacteriological clearance, clinical success and all-cause mortality at day 14 of bacteremia.Results A total of 156 patients, 93(59.6%) in BL/BLI and 63(40%) in Carbapenem group were included. There was no difference in co-morbidities, risk factors and severity of disease. The 14 day all-cause mortality was 14.1%. No statistically significant difference was found between BL/BLI and Carbapenem group regarding bacteriological clearance (p = 0.27) and mortality (p = 0.95). The Carbapenem group had less clinical success rate (69.8% vs 82.8%, p = 0.057), however not statistically significant.Conclusion BL/BLIs were as effective as Carbapenem in microbiological clearance, clinical success and mortality in CRO resistant E-coli and Klebsiella bacteremia.
Green synthesis, characterization and Photocatalytic Reduction of Congo red using Silver Nanoparticles from Millingtonia hortensis leaf extract
Authors: Muthu K. , Thangapushbam V. , Rama P. , Sivakami S. , Jothika M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Day-to-day increasing in the usage of organic dye and disposed waste has increases the environmental pollution. So there is an emergency need to removal of toxic dyes solution itself non-toxic. In the present work, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) from silver ions using the reducing and capping agent of Millingtonia hortensis leaf broth. UV-Vis absorbance spectral value at 423 nm was confirmed the product of Ag NPs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern was confirm the crystalline nature of metallic silver. High resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM)analysis morphology of images identified the spherical shape particles with sizes from 20 to 50nm. The product of Ag NPs was applied as photocatalyst in the reduction/degradation of Congo red in the presence of NaBH4 under different experimental conditions to confirm the pseudo first order kinetics. The Ag NPs was good photocatalyst in the reduction/degradation of Congo red within 14 min.
M1A and m7G modification-related genes are potential biomarkers for survival prognosis and for deciphering the tumor immune microenvironment in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Ruixi , Cheng Xingyuan , Chi Dongmei , Liu Shiliang , Li Qiaoqiao , Chen Baoqing , Xi Mian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most common esophageal malignancy, and RNA methylation has been reported to be involved in the tumorigenesis of ESCC. However, no study has explored methylation modifications in m1A and m7G as prognostic markers for survival prediction in ESCC.Methods: Public gene-expression data and clinical annotation of 254 patients obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Gene Expression Omnibus databases were analyzed to identify potential consensus clusters of m1A and m7G modification-related genes. The RNA-seq of 20 patients in Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center was used as the validation set. Following screening for relevant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enrichment pathways were elucidated. DEGs were used to construct risk models using the randomForest algorithm, and the prognostic role of the models was assessed by applying Kaplan-Meier analysis. Extent of immune cell infiltration, drug resistance, and response to cancer treatment among different clusters and risk groups were also evaluated.Results: Consensus clustering analysis based on m1A and m7G modification patterns revealed three potential clusters. In total, 212 RNA methylation-related DEGs were identified. The methylation-associated signature consisting of 6 genes was then constructed to calculate methylation-related score (MRScore) and patients were dived into MRScore-high and MRScore-low groups. This signature has satisfying prognostic value for survival of ESCC (AUC = 0.66,0.67,0.64 for 2-, 3-, 4- year OS), and has satisfied performance in the validation SYSUCC cohort (AUC = 0.66 for 2- and 3-year OS). Significant correlation between m1A and m7G modification-related genes and immune cell infiltration, and drug resistance was also observed.Conclusions: Transcriptomic prognostic signatures based on m1A and m7G modification-related genes are closely associated with immune cell infiltration in ESCC patients and have important correlations with the therapeutic sensitivity of multiple chemotherapeutic agents.
A Survey of Asian Eye Institutions on Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Cataract Surgery
Authors: Garg Prashant , Khor Wei-Boon , Roy Aravind , Tan Donald Tiang-Hwee 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To determine current institutional practice patterns for the use of perioperative antibiotics and other measures to prevent infection after cataract surgery in Asia.
Methods: An online survey-based study of leading eye institutions in China, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. The survey was administered to 26 representative key opinion leaders from prominent tertiary eye institutions that are also national academic teaching institutions in Asia. Survey responses were collated and anonymized during analysis.
Results: All surveyed institutions used povidone iodine for the pre-operative antiseptic preparation of the eye, with notable variations in the concentration of povidone iodine used for conjunctival sac instillation. Pre-operative topical antibiotics were prescribed by 61.5% and 69.2% of institutions in low-risk and high-risk cases, respectively. Regarding the use of intra-operative antibiotics, 60.0% and 66.7% of institutions administered intracameral antibiotics in low-risk and high-risk patients, respectively. Post-operative topical antibiotics use patterns were generally very similar in low-risk and high-risk patients. Over half of the institutions (52.2% and 68.0% in low-risk and high-risk patients, respectively) also indicated prolonged post-operative use of topical antibiotics (>2 weeks). Not all surveyed institutions had established policies/protocols for perioperative antibiotic use in cataract surgery, endophthalmitis surveillance, and/or a monitoring program for emerging antimicrobial resistance.
Conclusion: There are variations in antimicrobial prophylaxis approaches to pre-operative, intra-operative and post-operative regimens in cataract surgery in Asia. More evidence-based research is needed to support the development of detailed guidelines for perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce post-operative infections.
Evaluation of environmental knowledge and sustainable behaviour of forest dwellers with reference to forest resource management in the Kashmir Himalayas
Authors: Thoker Irshad Ahmad , Bhat M. Shafi , Shah Shamim Ahmad , Lone Fayaz Ahmad , Mir Sumira , Parrey Hilal Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The study aims to ascertain the levels of environmental knowledge among forest dwellers in the Kashmir Himalayas as it exerts a strong influence on people’s attitude and sustainable behaviour towards sustainable forest resource management. The study is based on primary data, which was analysed with the help of Descriptive Statistics and the Binary Logistic Regression Model (BLRM) in SPSS. The study reveals that environmental knowledge had a Weighted Average Index (WAI) and a Standard Deviation (SD) of 3.05 ± 1.38, indicating low levels of knowledge. The attitude registered a WAI and SD of 3.29 ± 1.33, followed by sustainable behaviour with a WAI and SD of 3.30 ± 1.33, signifying a low to moderate level of attitude and sustainable behaviour, respectively. The study indicates that forest dwellers displayed a positive attitude and desirable behaviour on issues pertaining to their livelihoods. Environmental knowledge pertaining to emerging global environmental issues such as the role of forests in combating global warming, greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, and ecological imbalance was found to be very low, primarily on account of low levels of education. In addition, the attitude towards wildlife conservation was non-congenial on account of increasing man-animal conflicts in the region. The study reveals that education, age, and gender were key determinants influencing people’s environmental knowledge, attitude, and sustainable behaviour. Therefore, efforts should be made to enhance the environmental knowledge of forest dwellers through education and broad-based awareness programmes to inculcate a positive attitude and sustainable behaviour towards forest resource management in this fragile Himalayan valley.
How Has the Shared Bike and Subway Ridership Integration in New York City Changed in Response to the Covid-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Chung Hyungchul , Chen Zihao , Duan Qiaonan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has hit the world and made significant impacts on all parts of human settlement areas. Passenger journeys on public transportation have dropped significantly. This study looks at the effects of the COVID-19 on the change of bike usage-subway ridership integration between 2019 and 2020 in New York City (NYC), USA. To investigate the effect, this study uses various data sources including bike sharing data from Citi Bike, subway ridership data from Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Census data from IPUMS, land use data from Department of City Planning (DCP) and transportation-related data from U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT). The Geographically Weighted Regression was employed to examine the spatiotemporal varying effects of bike-subway integration for casual users and subscribers in the shared bike system. The results show that the pandemic impacted the usage of bike-subway integration spatially and temporally. The bike-transit integration impact is largely positive and tends to be stronger when the subway stations are located farther away from CBD areas in 2019, while the bike-subway integration tend to be insignificant for a large number of stations in 2020. It also confirms that the impact of the shared bike usage on subway ridership during workdays present a larger magnitude of the coefficients than the ones on non-workdays in 2019. In contrast, the 2020 model shows that the impacts do not differ between workdays and non-workdays. These findings are rarely discussed in earlier studies. This study also used an 800-meter boundary captures the spatial impact of shared bike usage on subway ridership in NYC. However, it is barely discussed what network typologies determines such a spatial boundary of the shared bike impact area. This will be further discussed in future research.
Selenium Biomarkers and Their Relationship to Cardiovascular Risk Parameters in Obese Women
Authors: Cardoso Bruna Emanuele Pereira , Dias Thaline Milany Silva , Fontenelle Larissa Cristina , Morais Jennifer Beatriz Silva , Cruz Kyria Jayanne Climaco , Sousa Mickael Paiva , Sousa Thayanne Gabryelle Visgueira , Melo Stéfany Rodrigues Sousa , Santos Loanne Rocha dos , Henriques Gilberto Simeone , Oliveira Francisco Erasmo , Soares Tamires da Cunha , Marreiro Dilina do Nascimento 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was carried out with 210 women divided into a case group (obese, n=84) and a control group (eutrophic, n=126). Body weight, height and waist circumference, hip and neck circumference were measured and the waist-hip ratio and conicity index were calculated. Selenium in plasma, erythrocytes and urine, erythrocyte GPx activity, lipid profile, Castelli I and II index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were evaluated. Mean dietary selenium intake (µg/kg/day) and plasma and erythrocyte concentrations were lower in the obese group compared to the healthy group (p<0.001). while urinary selenium concentrations were higher (p<0.001). There was a statistical difference between groups regarding cardiovascular risk parameters: waist circumference, neck circumference, waist-hip ratio, conicity index, triacylglycerols and VLDL-c (p>0.05). There was a negative correlation between plasma selenium concentrations and total cholesterol, not HDL, LDL-c and systolic blood pressure. Urinary selenium correlated negatively with waist circumference, hip circumference and positively with neck circumference, total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, HDL-c, non-HDL and VLDL-c. There was a negative correlation between dietary selenium and waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, neck circumference, conicity index, non-HDL cholesterol, LDL-c, Castelli index I and II, as well as a positive correlation with HDL-c and diastolic blood pressure . Women with obesity present changes in their nutritional status related to selenium, as well as increased cardiovascular risk parameters. Thus, the positive role of selenium in protecting the risk of cardiovascular disease is likely.