bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Healthcare costs and use before and after opioid overdose in Veterans Health Administration patients with opioid use disorder
Authors: Joyce Vilija R. , Oliva Elizabeth M. , Garcia Carla C. , Trafton Jodie , Asch Steven M. , Wagner Todd H. , Humphreys Keith , Owens Douglas K. , Bounthavong Mark 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo compare healthcare costs and use between United States (US) Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) who experienced an opioid overdose (OD cohort) and patients with OUD who did not experience an opioid overdose (non‐OD cohort).DesignThis is a retrospective cohort study of administrative and clinical data.SettingThe largest integrated national health‐care system is the US Veterans Health Administration's healthcare systems.ParticipantsWe included VHA patients diagnosed with OUD from October 1, 2017 through September 30, 2018. We identified the index date of overdose for patients who had an overdose. Our control group, which included patients with OUD who did not have an overdose, was randomly assigned an index date. A total of 66 513 patients with OUD were included for analysis (OD cohort: n = 1413; non‐OD cohort: n = 65 100).MeasurementsMonthly adjusted healthcare‐related costs and use in the year before and after the index date. We used generalized estimating equation models to compare patients with an opioid overdose and controls in a difference‐in‐differences framework.FindingsCompared with the non‐OD cohort, an opioid overdose was associated with an increase of $16 890 [95% confidence interval (CI) = $15 611–18 169; P < 0.001] in healthcare costs for an estimated $23.9 million in direct costs to VHA (95% CI = $22.1 million, $25.7 million) within the 30 days following overdose after adjusting for baseline characteristics. Inpatient costs ($13 515; 95% CI = $12 378–14 652; P < 0.001) reflected most of this increase. Inpatient days (+6.15 days; 95% CI, = 5.33–6.97; P < 0.001), inpatient admissions (+1.01 admissions; 95% CI = 0.93–1.10; P < 0.001) and outpatient visits (+1.59 visits; 95% CI = 1.34–1.84; P < 0.001) also increased in the month after opioid overdose. Within the overdose cohort, healthcare costs and use remained higher in the year after overdose compared with pre‐overdose trends.ConclusionsThe US Veterans Health Administration patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) who have experienced an opioid overdose have increased healthcare costs and use that remain significantly higher in the month and continuing through the year after overdose than OUD patients who have not experienced an overdose.
Clinical implications of NUP98::NSD1 fusion at diagnosis in adult FLT3‐ITD positive AML
Authors: Miyajima Toru , Onozawa Masahiro , Yoshida Shota , Miyashita Naoki , Kimura Hiroyuki , Takahashi Shogo , Yokoyama Shota , Matsukawa Toshihiro , Goto Hideki , Sugita Junichi , Fujisawa Shinichi , Hidaka Daisuke , Ogasawara Reiki , Mori Akio , Matsuoka Satomi , Shigematsu Akio , Wakasa Kentaro , Kasahara Ikumi , Saga Tomoyuki , Hashiguchi Junichi , Takeda Yukari , Ibata Makoto , Yutaka Tsutsumi , Fujimoto Katsuya , Kondo Takeshi , Teshima Takanori 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe cryptic fusion oncogene NUP98::NSD1 is known to be associated with FLT3‐ITD mutation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and an independent poor prognostic factor in pediatric AML. However, there are little data regarding the clinical significance of NUP98::NSD1 in adult cohort.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter retrospective study to investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and prognostic impact of NUP98::NSD1 in adult FLT3‐ITD‐positive AML patients.ResultsIn a total of 97 FLT3‐ITD‐positive AML patients, six cases (6.2%) were found to harbor the NUP98::NSD1 fusion transcript. NUP98::NSD1 positive cases had significantly higher platelet counts and a higher frequency of FAB‐M4 morphology than NUP98::NSD1 negative cases. NUP98::NSD1 was found to be mutually exclusive with NPM1 mutation, and was accompanied by the WT1 mutation in three of the six cases. The presence of NUP98::NSD1 fusion at the time of diagnosis predicted poor response to cytarabine‐anthracycline‐based intensive induction chemotherapy (induction failure rate: 83% vs. 36%, p = .038). Five of the six cases with NUP98::NSD1 underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Two of the five cases have successfully maintained remission, with one of them being rescued through a second HSCT.ConclusionsDetecting NUP98::NSD1 in adult FLT3‐ITD‐positive AML is crucial to recognizing chemotherapy‐resistant group.
‘You have to be a certain sort of person’: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of mental health support workers' experiences of physical restraint in inpatient settings
Authors: Martin James 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhysical restraint is a controversial practice in psychiatric inpatient settings. Research has clearly demonstrated its physical and psychological risks, but few studies investigate how mental health support workers understand their experiences of restraint use. This study uses interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore support workers' understanding of these experiences. The COREQ checklist was used to ensure explicit reporting of the study. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with three participants and were then analysed using an interpretative phenomenological process. One superordinate theme emerged: ‘You have to be a certain sort of person’. Restraints require not only the ability to overcome one's emotions, but also the ability to connect with the person being restrained. The implications of these findings for psychiatric care provision and for further research are discussed.
Nonclinical evaluation of a Vitis vinifera extract towards a novel antiaging cosmetic ingredient
Authors: Reis Romulo Dragani , da Rosa Rafael , Pessa Lisandra Ravanelli , Ruch Werneck Guimarães Cristiano 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkin aging is regulated by multiple physiological processes, such as oxidative stress. Natural products have been considered as a promising source of antioxidant compounds. As a result, few innovative products on the market based on natural products tackle additional underlying mechanisms of skin aging.AimsThe present work reports the nonclinical evaluation of a novel extract from the skin of V. vinifera fruits (codified as ACH37 extract), with the aim of supporting its use as an antiaging cosmetic ingredient candidate in clinical trials.MethodsWe employed enzymatic, phenotypic, and gene expression assays, both in vitro and ex vivo, to investigate the action of the ACH37 extract in different biological processes that could be related to skin aging mechanisms.ResultsThe ACH37 extract was able to scavenge reactive oxygen species (DPPH, O2−), prevent inflammation (LPS‐ and UV‐induced COX‐2, IL‐1β, and IL‐8 expression), modulate extracellular matrix remodeling (inhibiting elastase, MMP‐1, MMP‐3, and MMP‐12, as well as associated expression), increase telomere length, telomerase activity, and reverse the UV‐induced suppression of genes involved in skin protection. In addition, the ACH37 extract permeated human skin explants and presented antioxidant efficacy ex vivo.ConclusionThe results indicated that the ACH37 extract acts on multiple targets commonly related to skin aging, being a promising antiaging active ingredient candidate to be further investigated in clinical trials.
Neuromuscular exercise and counseling for treating recurrent low back pain in female healthcare workers—Findings from a 24‐month follow‐up study of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kolu Päivi , Suni Jaana H. , Tokola Kari , Raitanen Jani , Rinne Marjo , Taulaniemi Annika , Husu Pauliina , Kankaanpää Markku , Parkkari Jari 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundFemale healthcare workers have a high prevalence of low back pain (LBP)‐related sickness absence. Here, we report findings of a 24‐month follow‐up of a previously published 6‐month randomized controlled trial (RCT).MethodsBy adopting an RCT with 6 months of intervention and follow‐up at 6, 12, and 24 months, we assessed the maintenance of changes in the effectiveness (LBP and fear of pain) of the interventions (neuromuscular exercise [NME], back‐care counseling, both combined) using a generalized linear mixed model adjusted for baseline covariates. The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio was calculated in terms of quality‐adjusted life years (QALY). A bootstrap technique was used to estimate the uncertainty around a cost‐effectiveness acceptability curve.ResultsOf the 219 females, 71% had data at 24 months. Between 6 and 24 months, LBP intensity (primary outcome) remained low in all intervention arms (−20% to −48%) compared to the control (−10% to −16%). Pain interfering with work remained low in the combined and exercise arms for up to 24 months. At 24 months, the total costs were lowest in the combined arm (€484 vs. €613–948, p < 0.001), as were the number of back‐related sickness absence days (0.16 vs. 1.14–3.26, p = 0.003). The analysis indicated a 95% probability of the combined arm to be cost‐effective per QALY gained at €1120.ConclusionsSix months of weekly NME combined with four counseling sessions was cost‐effective for treating LBP and the effect was maintained over 24 months.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01465698, 7/11/2011, prospective.
Non‐uniqueness of Leray–Hopf solutions to the forced fractional Navier–Stokes equations in three dimensions, up to the J. L. Lions exponent
Authors: Khor Calvin , Miao Changxing , Su Xiaoyan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we show that for , there exists a force and two distinct Leray–Hopf flows solving the forced fractional Navier–Stokes equation starting from rest. This shows that the J. L. Lions exponent is sharp in the class of Leray–Hopf solutions for the forced fractional Navier–Stokes equation.
Abelianization and the Duistermaat–Heckman theorem
Authors: Crooks Peter , Weitsman Jonathan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe use the abelianization theorem of Crooks and Weitsman (2022) to prove a non‐abelian generalization of the Duistermaat–Heckman theorem for measures. Our main technical tools include the Gelfand–Cetlin data of Crooks and Weitsman (2022), examples of which are the Gelfand–Cetlin systems of Guillemin–Sternberg and generalizations thereof due to Hoffman–Lane.
Complications and risk factors on midline catheters’ follow-up about non-ICU patients: study protocol for a multicentre observational study (the midDATA study)
Authors: Derouin Yvan , Le Thuaut Aurélie , Dauvergne Jérome , Cinotti Raphaël , Cartron Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe midline catheter (MC) is an increasingly popular device used commonly for patients with difficult venous access or those who require infusion for more than 6 days. Little is known about complications such as infection, thrombosis or occlusion for inpatient and home care patient. This protocol presents the follow-up of non-intensive care unit patients with an MC. The aim is to identify complications and search for risk factors associated with these complications.Method and analysisA prospective observational design is used for the follow-up of 2000 patients from 13 centres in France. Each practitioner (inserting clinician, anaesthetist nurse, hospital nurse and home nurse) will fill out a logbook to report each care made (eg, number of saline flushes, dress maintenance) on the MC and if any complications occurred. The incidence of complications (ie, infections, thrombosis or occlusions) will be expressed by the total number of events per 1000 catheter days. The period of recruitment began in December 2019 for a duration of 2 years. An extension of the inclusion period of 1 year was obtained.Ethics and disseminationThis study received the approval of the Committee for the Protection of Persons of Nord Ouest IV (No EudraCT/ID-RCB : 2019-A02406-51). It was registered at clinical trials (NCT04131088). It is planned to communicate results at conferences and in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT04131088.
Levelling the learning ground for healthcare professionals across the world through SIMBA: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Malhotra Kashish , Ali Anisah , Soran Vina , Ogiliev Tamzin , Zhou Dengyi , Melson Eka , Davitadze Meri ,   The SIMBA and CoMICs team, Kempegowda Punith 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo compare the acceptance, strengths and limitations of Simulation via Instant Messaging-Birmingham Advance (SIMBA) in low/middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs), on healthcare professionals’ professional development and learning.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingOnline (either mobile or computer/ laptop or both).Participants462 participants (LMICs: 29.7%, n=137 and HICs: 71.3%, n=325) were included.InterventionsSixteen SIMBA sessions were conducted between May 2020 and October 2021. Doctors-in-training solved anonymised real-life clinical scenarios over WhatsApp. Participants completed pre-SIMBA and post-SIMBA surveys.Primary and secondary outcome measuresOutcomes were identified using Kirkpatrick’s training evaluation model. LMIC and HIC participants’ reactions (level 1) and self-reported performance, perceptions and improvements in core competencies (level 2a) were compared using the χ2test. Content analysis of open-ended questions was performed.ResultsPostsession, there were no significant differences in application to practice (p=0.266), engagement (p=0.197) and overall session quality (p=0.101) between LMIC and HIC participants (level 1). Participants from HICs showed better knowledge of patient management (LMICs: 77.4% vs HICs: 86.5%; p=0.01), whereas participants from LMICs self-reported higher improvement in professionalism (LMICs: 41.6% vs HICs: 31.1%; p=0.02). There were no significant differences in improved clinical competency scores in patient care (p=0.28), systems-based practice (p=0.05), practice-based learning (p=0.15) and communication skills (p=0.22), between LMIC and HIC participants (level 2a). In content analysis, the major strengths of SIMBA over traditional methods were providing individualised, structured and engaging sessions.ConclusionsHealthcare professionals from both LMICs and HICs self-reported improvement in their clinical competencies, illustrating that SIMBA can produce equivalent teaching experiences. Furthermore, SIMBA’s virtual nature enables international accessibility and presents potential for global scalability. This model could steer future standardised global health education policy development in LMICs.
Factors associated with emergency department avoidance during the COVID-19 pandemic and alternatives sought: a cross-sectional, telephone-based survey of frequent emergency department users in Beirut, Lebanon
Authors: Mahmassani Dina , El Helou Christelle , El Remlawi Akram , Mghames Abdo , Mneimne Omar , Hitti Eveline 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo explore avoidant behaviour of frequent emergency department (ED) users, reasons behind ED avoidance and healthcare-seeking behaviours in avoiders during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design and settingCross-sectional, telephone-based survey administered between March and August 2021 at a tertiary care centre in Beirut, Lebanon.ParticipantsFrequent ED users (defined as patients who visited the ED at least four times during the year prior to the first COVID-19 case in Lebanon).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was ED avoidance among frequent ED users. Secondary outcomes included reasons behind ED avoidance and healthcare-seeking behaviours in avoiders.ResultsThe study response rate was 62.6% and 286 adult patients were included in the final analysis. Within this sample, 45% (128/286) of the patients reported avoidant behaviour. Male patients were less likely to avoid ED visits than female patients (adjusted OR (aOR), 0.53; 95% CI 0.312 to 0.887). Other independent variables associated with ED avoidance included university education (aOR, 1.76; 95% CI 1.004 to 3.084), concern about contracting COVID-19 during an ED visit (aOR, 1.31; 95% CI 1.199 to 1.435) and underlying lung disease (aOR, 3.39; 95% CI 1.134 to 10.122). The majority of the patients who experienced acute complaints and avoided the ED completely (n=56) cited fear of contracting COVID-19 as the main reason (89.3% (50/56)). Most of the ED avoiders (83.9% (47/56)) adopted alternatives for seeking acute medical care, including messaging/calling a doctor (46.4% (26/56)), visiting a clinic (25.0% (14/56)), or arranging for a home visit (17.9% (10/56)). Of the avoiders, 64.3% (36/56) believed that the alternatives did not impact the quality of care, while 30.4% (17/56) reported worse quality of care.ConclusionsAmong frequent ED users, ED avoidance during COVID-19 was common, especially among women, those with lung disease, those with university-level education and those who reported fear of contracting COVID-19 in the ED. While some patients resorted to alternative care routes, telemedicine was still underused in our setting. Developing strategies to reduce ED avoidance, especially in at-risk groups, may be warranted during pandemics.
Outcomes and complications of nonagenarians undergoing cardiac surgery: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Ludski Jarryd , Carp Bradly , Makar Tim , Yii Michael , Lee Dong-Kyu , Weinberg Laurence 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionContinually rising life expectancy and a shift towards an ageing population are resulting in an increasing population of nonagenarians. By 2030, the global population of nonagenarians is expected to exceed 30 million. The incidence of symptomatic cardiac disease is reported to occur in 25% of those aged over 75 years. Therefore, the number of nonagenarians undergoing cardiac surgery is also expected to increase. A linear relationship between advanced age and surgical risk has previously been demonstrated; however, it is not yet known whether this knowledge extends to the perioperative course and mortality of nonagenarians undergoing cardiac surgery. This scoping review aims to review the literature, assess whether a deficiency exists in the published literature and potentially identify knowledge gaps to guide future efforts to improve the understanding of nonagenarians undergoing cardiac surgery.Methods and analysisFollowing the relevant aspects of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Review guidelines, electronic databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library will be systematically searched, with additional reference tracking of eligible studies. Studies reporting the outcomes of nonagenarians undergoing open cardiac surgery or minimally invasive cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass will be included. Screening and data extraction will be performed by two reviewers independently. The data will be analysed and summarised descriptively with a narrative approach. Qualitative data that capture quality-of-life outcomes will be subjected to thematic analysis where feasible. Additionally, reporting results will highlight similarities and differences in nonagenarian selection for surgery.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was not required. The findings will be disseminated through professional networks, conference presentations and publications in scientific journals.
Risky sexual practice and associated factors among adult people living with HIV/AIDS in public hospitals of Kembata Tambaro Zone, Southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bekele Zelalem , Mussa Ibsa , Assefa Yonas , Abera Negash , Amerga Ermias Woldie , Girma Addisu , Ayele Awugchew Teshome , Mengesha Melkamu Merid 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThis study assessed the magnitude of risky sexual practices and associated factors among adult people living with HIV (PLHIV) attending antiretroviral clinics in public hospitals in Kembata Tembaro Zone, southern Ethiopia.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted.SettingA hospital-based study was conducted among adult PLHIV in the Kambata Tambaro Zone, southern Ethiopia.Participants300 men and women aged 15 years and older who had been receiving HIV/AIDS care and support in four public hospitals participated in this study.Study outcomeRisky sexual practice was the study outcome. It was defined based on responses to four items: multiple sexual partnerships, casual sex, consistent condom use and sex under the influence of alcohol. Risky sexual practice was defined based on a ‘yes’ response to any of the four items.ResultsOf the adult PLHIV who were sexually active in the 6 months preceding the survey, 75.7% (95% CI: 70.5% to 80.2%) engaged in at least one risky sexual practice, with 3.3% (95% CI: 1.8% to 6.1%) engaged in three or more. A positive attitude towards condom use and being on antiretroviral therapy for over 10 years were correlated with low odds of risky sexual practices. There was a higher likelihood of risky sexual behaviour among those who kept their HIV status secret and did not bring up using a condom before sexual contact. Whereas, those with a positive attitude towards condom use had a reduced risk of engaging in risky sexual practices.ConclusionA considerable proportion of adult PLHIV engage in risky sexual practices. Efforts directed at removing barriers to disclosing HIV status to partners and promoting condom use discussion among sexual partners could reduce the burden of risky sexual practices and the onward transmission of HIV.
Mapping the literature on decision regret in patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs): a scoping review protocol
Authors: Brera Alice Silvia , Arrigoni Cristina , Magon Arianna , Conte Gianluca , Belloni Silvia , Bonavina Luigi , Caruso Rosario , Pasek Małgorzata 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionDecision regret refers to feelings of remorse or dissatisfaction with a decision made regarding the treatment. Mapping the meaningful aspects of decision regret in patients with non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is necessary to provide a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon and inform the development of effective interventions to address it. For this reason, this protocol aimed to describe the methodological aspects of a scoping review focused on mapping all the meaningful aspects of decision regret in patients with NCDs and provide a conceptual and comprehensive framework of the phenomenon.Methods and analysisThe study described in this protocol will be performed following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews. The anticipated starting time is July/August 2023 and the anticipated end of the review is June 2024. This scoping review will include quantitative, qualitative, primary and secondary literature, as well as grey literature on decision regret in patients with NCDs. The systematic search will be performed by consulting PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. English-language articles from any context will be eligible for inclusion. Two independent reviewers will take part in an iterative process of evaluating literature, choosing papers and extracting data. Disagreements among reviewers will be solved through consensus meetings. Results will be presented in relation to the review question by employing tables, figures and narrative summaries.Ethics and disseminationThis scoping review did not require ethical approval since it involves a literature review and does not include new data collection from human participants. The results of the review will provide a summary of the available literature on decision regret experienced by patients with NCDs, which is crucial for developing preventive educational interventions in situations where multiple therapeutic options are available.