bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation therapy for prostate cancer in Syrian refugees: facing the need for change
Authors: Eren Mehmet Fuat , Kilic Sarah S. , Eren Ayfer Ay , Kaplan Sedenay Oskeroglu , Teke Fatma , Kutuk Tugce , Bicakci Beyhan Ceylaner , Hathout Lara , Moningi Shalini , Orio Peter , Atalar Banu , Sayan Mutlay 
Published: May 2023

PurposeTo report the utilization of radiation therapy in Syrian refugee patients with prostate cancer residing in Turkey.Methods and materialsA multi-institutional retrospective review including 14 cancer centers in Turkey was conducted to include 137 Syrian refugee patients with prostate cancer treated with radiation therapy (RT). Toxicity data was scored using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 3.0. Noncompliance was defined as a patient missing two or more scheduled RT appointments.ResultsAdvanced disease, defined as stage III or IV, was reported in 64.2% of patients while androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was only administrated to 20% of patients. Conventionally fractionated RT with a median number of 44 fractions was delivered to all patients with curative intent (n = 61) while palliative RT (n = 76) was delivered with a median number of 10 fractions. The acute grade 3–4 toxicity rate for the entire cohort was 16%. Noncompliance rate was 42%.ConclusionMost Syrian refugee prostate cancer patients presented with advanced disease however ADT was seldom used. Despite the low treatment compliance rate, conventional fractionation was used in all patients. Interventions are critically needed to improve screening and increase the use of standard-of-care treatment paradigms, including hypofractionated RT and ADT.
Mental health services and resources for children with developmental disabilities and their families: scan of local practices, gaps, and opportunities created
Authors: Hanson Jessica , Heslon Kayla , Ogourtsova Tatiana 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundMental health concerns in children with disabilities are common and have a significant and negative impact. Clinicians have reported high demand for this population to receive early, targeted, and family-centred mental health interventions.ObjectiveWe sought to map out and describe existing pediatric mental health services/resources for children with disabilities and their families across clinical sites and local and online communities.MethodsUsing a mixed-method triangulation study design, we outreached to clinical managers at the participating clinical sites and conducted a rapid online search of local in-person, telehealth, and web-based information. The nature, access method, admission criteria, target, focus, and other pertinent information were recorded and analyzed using descriptive statistics and a narrative synthesis approach.ResultsEighty-one (n = 81) services/resources (in-person, n = 48; telehealth, n = 10; web-based information, n = 33) were identified. Few (n = 6, 13%) in-person services had a method of care access through an online booking portal. Nearly half of in-person resources (n = 23, 47%) had admission criteria specific for children with disabilities (e.g., diagnosis, age limit), and many (n = 32, 67%) required a formal referral. A small number of in-person and telehealth services targeted the mental health concerns of the entire family (n = 23, 47%; n = 2, 20%). Very few (n = 13, 16%) services incorporated follow-up support. Important gaps emerged for certain populations (e.g., children with cerebral palsy). Practitioners’ inadequate training when intervening with co-existing mental health demands of children with disabilities was noted by clinical managers.ConclusionFindings could be used to create a user-friendly database to easily identify suitable services and to advocate for services/resources that are lacking.
Assessing Herbicide Efficacy of Pelargonic Acid on Several Weed Species
Authors: Loddo Donato , Jagarapu Kishore Kumar , Strati Elisa , Trespidi Giacomo , Nikolić Nebojša , Masin Roberta , Berti Antonio , Otto Stefan 
Published: May 2023

Pelargonic acid is the most successful natural herbicide and can contribute to reducing synthetic herbicides, but information on its efficacy is contrasting. Given its high cost, a reduction of the rate could facilitate the spread of the use of this herbicide. Two greenhouse and three field experiments were conducted to evaluate the herbicidal efficacy of different doses of pelargonic acid on several weeds (Abutilon theophrasti, Alopecurus myosuroides, Conyza sumatrensis, Lolium rigidum, Persicaria maculosa, Setaria pumila, Solanum nigrum). Results show that the efficacy of pelargonic acid is partial both in the greenhouse and field since the sensitivity of weed species is very variable, yet significant weed biomass reduction was observed in field application. Grass weeds, in particular A. myosuroides and L. rigidum, were less sensitive to pelargonic acid, with reduced and transient symptoms even at the highest doses. A large difference in sensitivity was also observed between dicots weeds, with P. oleracea, P. maculosa and A. theophrasti being less sensitive than C. sumatrensis and S. nigrum. The efficacy of pelargonic acid in field conditions depends on the botanical composition of weed flora and environmental conditions. Hot and dry conditions can promote leaf traits that decrease weed sensitivity by reducing herbicide penetration inside leaves. Despite its high cost, pelargonic acid can be a useful tool in an integrated multi-tactic strategy for sustainable weed management, while its use as a stand-alone tactic is less recommendable.
Glutathione Depletion Disrupts Redox Homeostasis in an Anoxia-Tolerant Invertebrate
Authors: Ferreira-Cravo Marlize , Moreira Daniel C. , Hermes-Lima Marcelo 
Published: June 2023

The upregulation of endogenous antioxidants is a widespread phenomenon in animals that tolerate hypoxia/anoxia for extended periods. The identity of the mobilized antioxidant is often context-dependent and differs among species, tissues, and stresses. Thus, the contribution of individual antioxidants to the adaptation to oxygen deprivation remains elusive. This study investigated the role of glutathione (GSH) in the control of redox homeostasis under the stress of anoxia and reoxygenation in Helix aspersa, an animal model of anoxia tolerance. To do so, the total GSH (tGSH) pool was depleted with l-buthionine-(S, R)-sulfoximine (BSO) before exposing snails to anoxia for 6 h. Then, the concentration of GSH, glutathione disulfide (GSSG), and oxidative stress markers (TBARS and protein carbonyl) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione transferase, glutathione reductase, and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase) were measured in foot muscle and hepatopancreas. BSO alone induced tGSH depletion by 59–75%, but no other changes happened in other variables, except for foot GSSG. Anoxia elicited a 110–114% increase in glutathione peroxidase in the foot; no other changes occurred during anoxia. However, GSH depletion before anoxia increased the GSSG/tGSH ratio by 84–90% in both tissues, which returned to baseline levels during reoxygenation. Our findings indicate that glutathione is required to withstand the oxidative challenge induced by hypoxia and reoxygenation in land snails.
Thermal Analysis of Magneto-Natural Convection Flows within a Partially Thermally Active Rectangular Enclosure
Authors: Saha Suvash C. , Islam Shams ul , Zia Zahida , Saleem M. , Ahmad Shafee 
Published: June 2023

In this study, we numerically investigate heat transfer enhancement in a partially thermally active rectangular enclosure. The enclosure is filled with a ternary hybrid nanofluid (water, Carbon Nanotube, Al2O3, and Graphene). It is subjected to a magnetic field and uniform internal heat generation. The study also investigates the effect of magnetic field strength and direction on the natural convection flow, which arises from density fluctuations caused by partial heating of the left vertical wall. To solve the dimensionless governing equations, the finite element approach is employed. The parameters studied in detail include Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), nanoparticle volume fraction (ϕ), and heat generation coefficient (λ). The findings are presented graphically for the range of the parameters as follows: 103≤Ra ≤106, 0≤Ha≤20, 0.01≤ϕ≤0.05, and 0≤λ≤15. It is noted that these parameters have an impact on heat transfer enhancement, flow patterns, and temperature fields. The results show that the average Nusselt number (Nu¯) increases with an increasing value of ϕ. Moreover, it has been noted that Nu¯ decreases as the value of Ha increases, and the impact becomes more obvious at higher Ra values. Finally, the influence of the heat generation coefficient on the heat transfer rate inside an enclosure is examined.
The Invasion of Alien Populations of Solanum elaeagnifolium in Two Mediterranean Habitats Modifies the Soil Communities in Different Ways
Authors: Karmezi Maria , Krigas Nikos , Papatheodorou Efimia M. , Argyropoulou Maria D. 
Published: June 2023

We aimed to explore how the invasion of the alien plant Solanum elaeagnifolium affects soil microbial and nematode communities in Mediterranean pines (Pinus brutia) and maquis (Quercus coccifera). In each habitat, we studied soil communities from the undisturbed core of both formations and from their disturbed peripheral areas that were either invaded or not by S. elaeagnifolium. Most studied variables were affected by habitat type, while the effect of S. elaeagnifolium was different in each habitat. Compared to maquis, the soil in pines had higher silt content and lower sand content and higher water content and organic content, supporting a much larger microbial biomass (PLFA) and an abundance of microbivorous nematodes. The invasion of S. elaeagnifolium in pines had a negative effect on organic content and microbial biomass, which was reflected in most bacterivorous and fungivorous nematode genera. Herbivores were not affected. In contrast, in maquis, organic content and microbial biomass responded positively to invasion, raising the few genera of enrichment opportunists and the Enrichment Index. Most microbivores were not affected, while herbivores, mostly Paratylenchus, increased. The plants colonizing the peripheral areas in maquis probably offered a qualitative food source to microbes and root herbivores, which in pines was not sufficient to affect the much larger microbial biomass.
Quantitative Representation of Water Quality Biotoxicity by Algal Photosynthetic Inhibition
Authors: Hu Li , Liang Tianhong , Yin Gaofang , Zhao Nanjing 
Published: May 2023

The method based on the photosynthetic inhibition effect of algae offers the advantages of swift response and straightforward measurement. Nonetheless, this effect is influenced by both the environment and the state of the algae themselves. Additionally, a single parameter is vulnerable to uncertainties, rendering the measurement accuracy and stability inadequate. This paper employed currently utilized photosynthetic fluorescence parameters, including Fv/Fm(maximum photochemical quantum yield), Performance Indicator (PIabs), Comprehensive Parameter Index (CPI) and Performance Index of Comprehensive Toxicity Effect (PIcte), as quantitative toxicity characteristic parameters. The paper compared the univariate curve fitting results with the multivariate data-driven model results and investigated the effectiveness of Back Propagation(BP) Neural Network and Support Vector Machine for Regression (SVR) models to enhance the accuracy and stability of toxicity detection. Using Dichlorophenyl Dimethylurea (DCMU) samples as an example, the mean Relative Root Mean Square Error (RRMSE) corresponding to the optimal parameter PIcte for the dose-effect curve fitting was 1.246 in the concentration range of 1.25–200 µg/L. On the other hand, the mean RRMSEs corresponding to the results of the BP neural network and SVR models were 0.506 and 0.474, respectively. Notably, BP neural network exhibited excellent prediction accuracy in the medium-high concentration range of 7.5–200 µg/L, with a mean RRSME of only 0.056. Regarding the stability of the results, the mean Relative Standard Deviation (RSD) of the univariate dose-effect curve results was 15.1% within the concentration range of 50–200 µg/L. In contrast, the mean RSDs for both BP neural network and SVR results were less than 5%. In the concentration range of 1.25–200 µg/L, the mean RSDs were 6.1% and 16.5%, with the BP neural network performing well. The experimental results of Atrazine were analyzed to further validate the effectiveness of the BP neural network in improving the accuracy and stability of results. These findings provided valuable insights for the development of biotoxicity detection by using the algae photosynthetic inhibition method.
'Breaking the cycle': a qualitative study exploring general practitioners’ views of infant mental health
Authors: De Natale Anna , Hall Sophie , McFadyen Anne , Minnis Helen , Blane David N 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundInfants living in areas of socioeconomic deprivation are more likely to have adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), which are associated with infant mental health (IMH) problems and poor physical and mental health outcomes throughout the life course. As part of the development of IMH services in Scotland, studies are being conducted to explore various stakeholders’ perspectives.AimTo understand the views and experiences of GPs working in socioeconomically deprived areas in relation to IMH.Design & settingQualitative study with GPs working in deprived urban communities in Scotland, UK.MethodSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 GPs from 11 practices. Transcribed interviews were thematically analysed, following the Braun and Clarke framework, using NVivo (version 12) software.ResultsThe following three overarching themes are presented: (1) Deep End GPs’ inherent understanding of IMH, owing to their placement in deprived communities and their under-recognised role in current IMH provision; (2) Factors influencing how communities might perceive IMH, including the potential associations of IMH with parental blame or judgement in areas of socioeconomic deprivation; and (3) Using previous experience to visualise future IMH service delivery, particularly improving on current shortcomings of connectivity and accessibility of services, to develop successful new services.ConclusionGPs in areas of socioeconomic deprivation have a deep understanding of the issues affecting IMH, although do not necessarily relate to the term ‘IMH’. New community-based IMH services are much needed, particularly in deprived areas. However, the pre-existing role of primary care must be recognised, supported, and integrated into new services, alongside training to increase IMH awareness among GPs and other primary healthcare professionals (HCPs).
Efeitos da atividade física sobre desfechos de saúde mental: revisão rápida de revisões sistemáticas
Authors: De Melo Roberta Crevelário , Da Silva Letícia Aparecida Lopes Bezerra , De Araújo Bruna Carolina , Domene Fernando Meirinho , Da Silva Jessica de Lucca , Milhomens Laís de Moura , De Bortoli Maritsa Carla , Toma Tereza Setsuko , Barreto Jorge Otávio Maia 
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Sintetizar as evidências científicas sobre efeitos de AF na saúde mental. Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão rápida de revisões sistemáticas (RS) publicadas de 2017 a 2021, por meio de buscas em sete bases eletrônicas da literatura. A avaliação da qualidade metodológica das RS foi realizada com a ferramenta AMSTAR 2. Resultados: Esta revisão aborda os efeitos da AF em pessoas sem diagnóstico de transtornos mentais. Dezesseis RS foram incluídas, sendo classificadas como de confiança baixa e criticamente baixa. Observaram-se benefícios de exercícios aeróbicos, anaeróbicos, terapias complementares e atividades combinadas sobre desfechos clínicos e não-clínicos, em crianças, jovens, adultos e idosos. Eventos adversos relacionados a exercícios aeróbicos foram relatados em uma RS. Conclusões: Os resultados indicam que a AF pode ser benéfica à saúde mental e qualidade de vida de pessoas de todas as faixas etárias. No entanto, é necessário considerar as limitações metodológicas e a heterogeneidade dos estudos quanto a intervenções e populações estudadas.
ANALISIS PERBUATAN OBSTRUCTION OF JUSTICE YANG DILAKUKAN OLEH APARAT KEPOLISIAN DALAM PERKARA PEMBUNUHAN BERENCANA
Authors: Shallom Jeremiah Keren , Hasiyanni Manurung Karina 
Published: May 2023

Kasus mengenai Obstruction Of Justice menjadi perbincangan hangat di tengah masyarakat. Kini permasalahan yang menyangkut dengan aparat penegak hukum yakni kepolisian terus menjadi sorotan masyarakat dan membuat masyarakat bertanya-tanya seperti bagaimanakah peranan serta penegakan hukum yang menjadi salah satu delik tindakan terjadinya Obstruction Of Justice di dalam kasus pembunuhan berencana dan bagaimanakah hubungan antara aturan kepolisian terhadap anggota kepolisian lainnya yang turut memeriksa dari perbuatan Obstruction Of Justice dalam perkara pembunuhan berencana ini. Tujuan dari penulisan ini yakni untuk menganalisis serta mengetahui adanya permasalahan penghilangan terhadap alat bukti di dalam kasus pembunuhan berencana yang dilakukan oleh para oknum apa kepolisian yang akhirnya berujung sebagai tindakan Obstruction Of Justice. Hasil penulisan ini menegaskan bahwa perlu adanya ketegasan dalam menerapkan sanksi pidana untuk menjalankan anggota kepolisian yang melakukan Obstruction of Justice dalam pasal pembunuhan berencana.
Kata Kunci: Penghalang Keadilan, Pembunuhan Berencana, Sanksi Pidana
EEG Based Biometric Authentication System Using Multivariate FBSE Entropy
Authors: Kamaraju Sai Pranavi , Das Kritiprasanna , Pachori Ram Bilas 
Published: May 2023

<p>Data privacy and security are severe concerns in our world today. A broad range of biometrics relies on physiological traits, including fingerprints, iris scans, and facial recognition for authentication. Conventional methods like signatures, passwords can easily be spoofed. We have proposed a framework for biometric identification using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals recorded during signing, as an individual can not replicate another individual's signals. Multivariate variational mode decomposition (MVMD) is applied on EEG signals to extract properly aligned oscillatory modes from multi-channel EEG data. Features are extracted using Fourier-Bessel series expansion-based (FBSE) entropies. We have extended the univariate entropy for multi-channel signals, namely, multivariate FBSE-based entropy (M-FBSE-E). The M-FBSE-E is applied for feature extraction from the EEG signals. Machine learning-based classifiers are utilized to identify the EEG signals corresponding to original and forged signatures. We have collected a database from a reasonable number of participants to validate our proposed model. The proposed method achieved an average accuracy of 93.4$\pm$7.0\% for subject-wise EEG-based biometric identification for the fine K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classifier. The subject-independent EEG-based biometric identifier provides 89.4$\pm$1.9\% average accuracy when cosine KNN classifier is used. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed framework for EEG-based biometric identification.</p>
Reward-based modulation of task-switching performance: a diffusion model analysis
Authors: Weber Timo , Fröber Kerstin , Schuch Stefanie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInvestigating the interface between motivation and cognitive control, we conducted two task switching experiments (N = 96 each) with reward manipulation where participants switched between three different tasks. We measured N-2 task repetition costs, which denote the performance decrement in N-2 task repetition sequences (ABA) relative to N-2 task switch sequences (CBA), and which are presumed to be a marker of inhibitory control in task switching. Participants in the reward group received performance-contingent reward in the second phase of each experiment, and in the second experiment they were additionally penalized for errors. Reward thresholds were determined individually based on participants’ performance during the first phase of each experiment. Participants in the control group did not receive any reward. The reward manipulation led to faster performance in the reward group relative to the control group. Diffusion modeling revealed that the reward manipulation induced an increase in drift rate parameter, consistent with dopamine-based enhancement of attentional focus under reward. Contrary to our expectations, no robust evidence for a reward-based modulation of N-2 repetition costs was found across the two experiments. N-2 task repetition costs were small in both experiments, and possibly, a larger amount of inhibitory control is needed in order to obtain empirical evidence for a reward-related modulation thereof. However, additional analyses suggested that reward may not interact with inhibitory control on the task level at all.
Integrated effects of top-down attention and statistical learning during visual search: An EEG study
Authors: Dolci Carola , Boehler C. Nico , Santandrea Elisa , Dewulf Anneleen , Ben-Hamed Suliann , Macaluso Emiliano , Chelazzi Leonardo , Rashal Einat 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study aims to investigate how the competition between visual elements is solved by top-down and/or statistical learning (SL) attentional control (AC) mechanisms when active together. We hypothesized that the “winner” element that will undergo further processing is selected either by one AC mechanism that prevails over the other, or by the joint activity of both mechanisms. To test these hypotheses, we conducted a visual search experiment that combined an endogenous cueing protocol (valid vs. neutral cue) and an imbalance of target frequency distribution across locations (high- vs. low-frequency location). The unique and combined effects of top-down control and SL mechanisms were measured on behaviour and amplitudes of three evoked-response potential (ERP) components (i.e., N2pc, P1, CNV) related to attentional processing. Our behavioural results showed better performance for validly cued targets and for targets in the high-frequency location. The two factors were found to interact, so that SL effects emerged only in the absence of top-down guidance. Whereas the CNV and P1 only displayed a main effect of cueing, for the N2pc we observed an interaction between cueing and SL, revealing a cueing effect for targets in the low-frequency condition, but not in the high-frequency condition. Thus, our data support the view that top-down control and SL work in a conjoint, integrated manner during target selection. In particular, SL mechanisms are reduced or even absent when a fully reliable top-down guidance of attention is at play.
The design of unfinished syntagmas in teaching Russian to Chinese philology students
Authors: Жэнь Ваньин 
Published: May 2023

В статье рассматривается специфика обучения интонации китайских студентов-филологов в аспекте преподавания русского языка как иностранного. На основе изучения сходства и различий в интонационном оформлении звучащей речи и синтагматическом членении в русском и китайском языках, а также эксперимента на восприятие интонации в русской речи китайских студентов делается прогнозирование возможной интерференции в данной области, даются соответствующие рекомендации. Особое внимание уделяется обучению оформления незаконченных синтагм китайских студентов-филологов.
The article discusses the specifics of teaching intonation to Chinese philology students in the aspect of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The possible interference is predicted in this filled, and appropriate recommendations are given based on the study of similarities and differences in the intonation design of sounding speech and syntagmatic division in Russian and Chinese, as well as an experiment on the perception of intonation in the Russian speech of Chinese students. Special attention is paid to teaching the design of unfinished syntagmas to Chinese students of philology.