bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomarker Data from the Phase III KATHERINE Study of Adjuvant T-DM1 versus Trastuzumab for Residual Invasive Disease after Neoadjuvant Therapy for HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Denkert Carsten , Lambertini Chiara , Fasching Peter A. , Pogue-Geile Katherine L. , Mano Max S. , Untch Michael , Wolmark Norman , Huang Chiun-Sheng , Loibl Sibylle , Mamounas Eleftherios P. , Geyer Charles E. , Lucas Peter C. , Boulet Thomas , Song Chunyan , Lewis Gail D. , Nowicka Malgorzata , de Haas Sanne , Basik Mark 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurpose:In KATHERINE, adjuvant T-DM1 reduced risk of disease recurrence or death by 50% compared with trastuzumab in patients with residual invasive breast cancer after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) comprised of HER2-targeted therapy and chemotherapy. This analysis aimed to identify biomarkers of response and differences in biomarker expression before and after NAT.Experimental Design:Exploratory analyses investigated the relationship between invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and HER2 protein expression/gene amplification, PIK3CA hotspot mutations, and gene expression of HER2, PD-L1, CD8, predefined immune signatures, and Prediction Analysis of Microarray 50 intrinsic molecular subtypes, classified by Absolute Intrinsic Molecular Subtyping. HER2 expression on paired pre- and post-NAT samples was examined.Results:T-DM1 appeared to improve IDFS versus trastuzumab across most biomarker subgroups, except the HER2 focal expression subgroup. High versus low HER2 gene expression in residual disease was associated with worse outcomes with trastuzumab [HR, 2.02; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.32–3.11], but IDFS with T-DM1 was independent of HER2 expression level (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.56–1.83). Low PD-L1 gene expression in residual disease was associated with worse outcomes with trastuzumab (HR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.44–1.00), but not T-DM1 (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.59–1.87). PIK3CA mutations were not prognostic. Increased variability in HER2 expression was observed in post-NAT versus paired pre-NAT samples.Conclusions:T-DM1 appears to overcome HER2 resistance. T-DM1 benefit does not appear dependent on immune activation, but these results do not rule out an influence of the tumor immune microenvironment on the degree of response.
Anticoagulants Enhance Molecular and Cellular Immunotherapy of Cancer by Improving Tumor Microcirculation Structure and Function and Redistributing Tumor Infiltrates
Authors: Wei Fang , Su Yuling , Quan Yibo , Li Xiaojia , Zou Qi , Zhang Liuxi , Li Shu , Jiang Mengmeng , Lin Guohuan , Liang Ping , He Jie , Xie Keping 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) resists immunotherapy of adoptive cell transfer (ACT) and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this resistance will improve PDA immunotherapy. This study investigated therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of anticoagulants on immunotherapy in PDA.

Experimental Design:
The antitumor activity of immunotherapy was evaluated in mouse models of desert, excluded, and inflamed tumors. The underlying mechanisms were investigated by analyzing immune cell infiltration by immunofluorescence imaging and tumor microcirculation by interstitial fluid pressure and coagulation status measurement.

Results:
Combined use of heparin and ACT inhibited tumor growth and metastasis, whereas neither heparin nor ACT had any therapeutic effect. The combination of heparin and ACT significantly increased the intratumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells and M1 macrophages and reduced the infiltration of immunosuppressive M2 macrophages and FOXP3+/CD4+ regulatory T cells (Treg). Assessments of tumor microenvironment revealed that heparin promoted tumor vascular regression and normalized the remaining blood vessels, facilitating the extravasation and perivascular accumulation of activated CD8+ T cells in tumors. Mechanistically, tumor microvessel hemodynamic properties were significantly improved by heparin, which is consistent with its inhibitory effects on tumor angiogenesis. Similarly, the combination of heparin and anti-PD1 also produced a pronounced antitumor activity, whereas neither heparin nor anti-PD1 treatment had appreciable antitumor activity.

Conclusions:
Combined treatment of heparin and ACT or anti-PD1 produced synergistic antitumor effects, which were at least in part through tumor vascular normalization, hence increased antitumor T-cell responses due to reduced Treg infiltration and increased M1 macrophage polarization. This synergistic combination therapy warrants clinical evaluation.
See related commentary by Korc, p. 2348
Development of an Objective Methodology for Identifying the Sea-Breeze Circulation and Associated Low-Level Jet in the New York Bight
Authors: McCabe Elizabeth J. , Freedman Jeffrey M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In a midlatitude coastal region such as the New York Bight (NYB), the general thermodynamic structure and dynamics of the sea-breeze circulation is poorly understood. The NYB sea-breeze circulation is often amplified by and coterminous with other regional characteristics and phenomena such as complex coastal topology, a low-level jet (LLJ), and coastal upwelling. While typically considered a summertime phenomenon, the NYB sea-breeze circulation occurs year-round. This study creates a methodology to objectively identify sea-breeze days and their associated LLJs from 2010 to 2020. Filtering parameters include surface-based observations of sea level pressure (SLP) gradient and diurnal tendencies, afternoon wind speed and direction tendencies, air temperature gradient, and the dewpoint depression. LLJs associated with the sea-breeze circulation typically occur within 150–300 m MSL and are identified using a coastal New York State Mesonet (NYSM) profiler site. Along coastal Long Island, there are on average 32 sea-breeze days annually, featuring winds consistently backing to the south and strengthening at or around 1800 UTC (1400 EDT). The NYB LLJ is most frequent in the summer months. Sea-breeze days are classified into two categories: classic and hybrid. A classic sea breeze is driven primarily by both cross-shore pressure and temperature gradients, with light background winds; while a hybrid sea breeze occurs in combination with other larger-scale features, such as frontal systems. Both types of sea breeze are similarly distributed with a maximum frequency during July.
An investigation into carbon structures in iron-loaded charcoal based on the Raman shift and line-shape of the G´-band
Authors: Yamagishi Takayuki , Shibutani Sakae , Yamauchi Shigeru 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCharcoal samples prepared from wood impregnated with Fe3+ were characterized using Raman spectroscopy to investigate ordered structures consisting of sp2-carbon atoms. The iron-loaded charcoal samples were synthesized at relatively low temperatures (600–850 °C). Most of the Raman peak-tops of G´-bands observed in the charcoal were positioned in the narrow range of 2700–2690 cm−1; however, the G´-band positions of the charcoal synthesized in a carbonization-temperature (CT) range (650–750 °C) varied widely with measurement points and some of them displayed wavenumber values lower than 2690 cm−1. The G´-band positions were also affected by holding time at CT. None of the G´-bands observed in the iron-loaded charcoal exhibited positive asymmetrical line-shapes, unlike graphite. We proposed the ordered structures of sp2-carbon atoms in the iron-loaded charcoal based on the Raman spectral features of the G´-bands.
Impact of rumination on sleep quality among patients with non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease: a moderated mediation model of anxiety symptoms and resilience
Authors: Chang Xiaolin , Guo Chenxi , Zhou Heng , Liu Li 
Published: February 2023

Background
Poor sleep raises the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hastens disease progression. It is critical to figure out what factors impact the sleep quality of NAFLD patients. The present study aimed to investigate the role of anxiety symptoms in accounting for the impact of rumination on sleep quality and the moderating role of resilience on the associations of rumination with anxiety symptoms and sleep quality.

Methods
In the cross-sectional study, 285 NAFLD patients completed the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Ruminative Responses Scale, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale, and the 14-item Resilience Scale to measure sleep quality, rumination (including brooding and reflection), anxiety symptoms, and resilience, respectively. The PROCESS macro for SPSS v4.0 procedure was applied to perform moderated mediation analysis.

Results
The roles of anxiety symptoms in accounting for the positive associations of brooding, reflection and rumination with poor sleep quality were revealed. It was found that there was a significant moderating role of resilience on the positive associations of brooding, reflection and rumination with anxiety symptoms, which were gradually reduced as resilience increased. The direct associations between brooding, reflection and rumination and poor sleep quality were not significantly moderated by resilience. Thus, a moderated mediation model involving anxiety symptoms and resilience for explaining the impact of rumination on poor sleep quality was supported among patients with NAFLD.

Conclusions
Rumination (including brooding and reflection) could be positively related to poor sleep quality, and anxiety symptoms had a significant role in accounting for the relationship among patients with NAFLD. Resilience showed a moderating role that could attenuate the positive association between rumination and anxiety symptoms. Interventions aimed at alleviating rumination, reducing anxiety symptoms, and enhancing resilience could improve the sleep quality of NAFLD patients.
The role of health protection teams in reducing health inequities: findings from a qualitative study
Authors: Allison Rosalie , Roberts David J , Briggs Adam , Arora Shona , Anderson Sarah 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The UK Health Security Agency’s (UKHSA) Health Protection Teams (HPTs) provide specialist public health advice and operational support to NHS, local authorities and other agencies in England. The development of a three-year UKHSA Health Equity strategy creates a unique opportunity for HPTs to reduce health inequities within their work.

Aims
This study aimed to understand current health equity activities and structures within HPTs, and to propose future HPT-led health equity activities.

Methods
Between November 2021 - March 2022, HPT staff from the nine UKHSA regions were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview or focus group.

Results
Twenty-seven participants covering all nine UKHSA regions took part in a total of 18 interviews and two focus groups. There was enthusiasm to address health inequity, and many reported this as their motivation for working in public health. All HPTs routinely engaged in health equity work including, variously: liaising with other organisations; advocacy in case and outbreak management meetings; developing regional HPT health equity action plans; and targeting under-served populations in day-to-day work. HPT staff discussed the challenge of splitting their time between reacting to health protection incidents (e.g., COVID as the main priority at the time) and pro-active work (e.g., programmes to reduce risk from external hazards for vulnerable populations). Although COVID had raised awareness of health inequities, knowledge of health equity among the professionally diverse workforce appeared variable. Limited evidence about effective interventions, and lack of clarity about future ways of working with other organisations were also shared as barriers to tackling health inequities.

Conclusion
HPTs welcomed the development of UKHSA’s health equity strategy, and through this study identified opportunities where HPTs can influence, support and lead on tackling health inequities. This includes embedding health equity into HPTs’ acute response activities, stakeholder working, and staff management. This study also identified a need for health equity training for HPTs to improve knowledge and skills, utilising evidence-based approaches to health equity. Finally, we have identified areas where HPTs can lead, for example using brief advice interventions and through developing resources, such as standard operating procedures that focus on vulnerable populations. These findings will support a more integrated approach to addressing health equity through health protection work.
Does mandibular advancement with clear aligners have the same skeletal and dentoalveolar effects as traditional functional appliances?
Authors: Wu Yanqi , Yu Qian , Xia Yunhui , Wang Bo , Chen Siyue , Gu Kaijun , Zhang Bojun , Zhu Min 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The study aimed to compare the dentoskeletal effects of Vanbeek Activator, Herbst, Twin-Block and Mandibular Advancement with clear aligners in children with skeletal Class II malocclusions.

Methods
A sample with sixty-three patients (37 males, 26 females) was included and divided into untreated control group (C, n = 12), Vanbeek Activator group (V, n = 14), Herbst group (H, n = 11), Twin-Block group (TB, n = 12) and MA group (MA, n = 14). Cephalometric analysis and Johnston Pitchfork analysis were performed to quantify the skeletal and dentoalveolar components in molar relationship and overjet correction. Compare the differences of cephalometric data and Johnston-analysis data.

Results
The treatment changes showed significant differences in SNB, FH-NP, NA-PA, Co-Go, Co-Pog, ANB, lower facial height ratio, U1-PP, U6-PP, L1-MP and U1-L1. All the appliances improved overjet relationships significantly (Vanbeek, Herbst, Twin-Block and MA were 2.77 mm, 5.53 mm, 4.73 mm and 3.66 mm respectively) with significant retraction of maxillary incisors. The lower incisor displacement of group V and MA was negative, while that of group H and TB was positive and there were significant differences. Molar relationships were also improved by 3.45 mm, 6.85 mm, 3.48 mm and 0.92 mm for Vanbeek, Herbst, Twin-Block and MA. Mandible displacement showed a trend of group H > TB > V > MA. The displacement of maxillary molars in group H was greater than that in group C, TB and MA, and that of mandibular ones was greater than that in group C, V and MA, significantly. Herbst, Twin-Block and MA have more significant dentoalveolar effect than Vanbeek, while Vanbeek has more skeletal effect than the others especially in restraining maxillary growth.

Conclusions
Four appliances are all effective in mandibular advancement, modification of class II molar relationship and deep overjet, with unavoidable increase in lower facial ratio. Vanbeek Activator has the most skeletal effects. Vanbeek and MA have a good control of mandibular incisors while more compensatory lower incisors proclination in Herbst and Twin-Block. Herbst has greater maxillary molar distalization. MA allows aligning and leveling meanwhile leading the mandible forward.
Palatal changes after treatment of functional posterior cross-bite using elastodontic appliances: a 3D imaging study using deviation analysis and surface-to-surface matching technique
Authors: Lo Giudice Antonino , Ronsivalle Vincenzo , Conforte Cristina , Marzo Giuseppe , Lucchese Alessandra , Leonardi Rosalia , Isola Gaetano 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in palate dimension and morphology after treatment of functional posterior crossbite (FPXB) with elastodontic devices (EAs).

Methods
The treatment group (TG) consisted of 25 subjects (mean age 7.3 ± 0.9 years) who received treatment with EA for one year. The control group (CG) comprised 14 untreated subjects (mean age 6.8 ± 0.7 years). Inclusion criteria: intra-oral scan registered before (T0) and after treatment (T1), FPXB with a mandibular shift towards the crossbite site of ≥ 2 mm, class I molar relationship. Exclusion criteria: missing teeth, anterior crossbite, temporomandibular disorders, previous orthodontic treatment, carious lesions, mobility of deciduous posterior teeth, craniofacial deformities. Digital models were analyzed to assess the inter-canine (ICW) and inter-molar widths (IMW) and the corresponding emi-lateral measurements (eICW and eIMW) using the median palatine plane as reference. According to a specific 3D imaging technology, the morphology and symmetry of the palate was investigated by analysing the 3D deviation between the two specular models of the palate.

Results
At T0, both groups showed a significantly narrower dimension of eICW and eIMW at the crossbite side compared to the non-crossbite side (p < 0.05). Also, the 3D deviation analysis demonstrates a limited matching percentage of the original/mirrored models in both TG (81.12%) and CG (79.36%), confirming the asymmetry of the palate. The area of mis-matching was located at the alveolar bone level. At T1, subjects in the TG showed a significant increment of ICW and IMW (p < 0.05), a reduction of the differences of eICW and eIMW between both sides (p < 0.05) and an increment of the percentage matching (TG = 92.32%) (p < 0.05), suggesting a significant recovery of the palatal asymmetry. No significant changes were found between T0 and T1 in the CG (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
EAs could be successfully used to correct FPXB in mixed dentition and could restore the harmonious development of the palate in children.
Regeneration of immature incisor using platelet rich fibrin: report of a novel clinical application
Authors: Kumar Jishnu Krishna , Surendranath Padmapriya , Eswaramoorthy Rajalakshmanan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEndodontic treatment of young permanent teeth with necrotic pulp presents a clinical challenge for the dentist, and conventional endodontic treatment will result in tooth fracture along with a poor prognosis. Regenerative endodontics is a new protocol that has been advanced in the last decades for managing immature permanent teeth. Rare successful management of immature permanent incisors using platelet-rich fibrin is a technique-sensitive procedure.Case presentationA 08 years 04 months old female reported the chief complaint of pain in the upper front tooth region for one week. A blunderbuss canal was identified on radiographic examination, and revascularization using platelet-rich fibrin was planned and adopted. After the treatment, apical closure and root lengthening were noted without complications during subsequent follow-ups. Complete periapical healing with greater than 1.5 cm of dentinal thickness was noted.ConclusionRevascularization can be considered a viable treatment option for immature nonvital permanent teeth; with advancements in regenerative medicine and clinical practices, revascularization therapies could be developed as a novel mode of treatment in non-vital and dental traumatic cases.
Unusual gingival actinomycosis post allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplant: case report
Authors: Bruno Julia Stephanie , Miranda-Silva Wanessa , Heidrich Vitor , Gonçalves Marianne de Castro , Novis Yana , Arrais-Rodrigues Celso , Camargo Anamaria Aranha , Fregnani Eduardo Rodrigues 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) is used to treat several hematological diseases, but immunosuppression during allo-HSCT facilitates opportunistic microbial growth in tissues, such as actinomycosis. An effective diagnosis of opportunistic diseases is essential for correct management of the disease and preservation of the immunosuppressed patient’s life.

Case description
A 57-year-old female patient was diagnosed with extranodal nasal type NK/T cell lymphoma and underwent curative treatment with allo-HSCT. Twenty-one days after the last clinical follow-up, the patient presented a necrotizing lesion in the papilla region between the first and second molars of the second quadrant. Histopathological analysis showed the presence of a bacterial cluster consistent with Actinomyces infection, and a dense lymphoid infiltrate was also observed. Immunohistochemistry for CD20, CD3, and CD56 was performed to exclude the possibility of the recurrence of extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma. Oral microbiota profiling showed a huge increase in the abundance of Actinomyces bacteria in the subgingival region three weeks prior to appearance of the lesion.

Conclusions
Opportunistic infections with an unusual clinical appearance are confounding factors in therapeutic decision-making. We present for the first time a case of actinomycosis in the gingival papilla region following allo-HSCT. We also highlight how microbiota profiling through next-generation sequencing could be used to anticipate bacterial infection diagnosis.
Detection of gender-based violence in primary care in Central Catalonia: a descriptive cross-sectional study
Authors: Muñoz-Sellés Ester , Pujolar-Díaz Georgina , Fuster-Casanovas Aïna , Miró Catalina Queralt 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Violence against women is a serious public health problem. Primary care could be one of the ideal places for the detection of gender-based violence (GBV), since women come into contact with PC at some point in their lives to look after their sexual and reproductive health. The increase in initiatives promoted by the health authorities regarding GBV offers the possibility of observing its evolution over the last few years.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study of reported cases of GBV in the region of Central Catalonia, during the period from 2017 to 2021, was carried out. All women of legal age, belonging to the specified health region and suffering episodes of GBV, were included. The variables analysed were age, area of residence, health diagnoses related to GBV, whether or not they were pregnant at the time of the attack, and mental health history.

Results
Of the total number of women studied, 1,467 presented some type of diagnosis of GBV, with a total of 3,452 episodes reported. We found an increase in the detection of cases, although it must be noted that there is an underreporting of cases in PC. The prevalence according to the total number of women assigned per year over the period studied was 0.42% in 2017 and 0.48% in 2021. It has also been observed that the average number of episodes per woman increased from 1.03 in 2017 to 1.15 in 2021. During the 5 years analysed, the minimum number of episodes per woman was 1 and the maximum was 10. In reference to the duration of the episodes, the minimum was 1 day, and the maximum was 32 years. The mean age of the women was 42.10 years, the most frequent nationality was Spanish (46.60%), and 54.15% of them lived in rural areas.

Conclusions
Despite the established protocols and procedures, it seems that primary health care is not the most frequent place for its detection. It is necessary to continue working to raise awareness and train professionals, and to ensure coordination among all the parties involved in accompanying women in these processes.

Trial registration
CEIm: 21/278-P.