bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Tubular Braid’s Structures on Wicking Behaviours: An Experimental Investigation
Authors: Ghamkhar Ghazal , Arianpour Mehrdad , Bodaghi Mahdi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAvoiding wicking in a suture to recover the wound and avoid infection is critical. In this paper, the capillary rise method is applied to evaluate the wicking property of tubular braided structures. Effects of the tubular braid’s structural parameters, namely braid angle, interlacement pattern, structural axis, and the position of the yarns parallel to the axis are investigated. The results indicate that with the increase in braid angle, the wicking height descends and has the greatest effect on the wicking property among the studied parameters. It is also observed that under the same braid angle, the wicking height of the Two over Two braid is larger than the regular braid. Moreover, the presence of core yarns in a braided structure increases the wicking height. Among the studied parameters, the structural axis does not have a significant effect on this behavior. The results of statistical study confirm the experimental data and show that it is better to use biaxial braided structures with a regular pattern in the production of braided sutures. This work not only examines some factors effect on a vital feature of the braided suture but also underlines the importance of choosing the braid suture.
Graphical abstract
Achieving high-performance sodium metal anodes: From structural design to reaction kinetic improvement
Authors: Xu Jing , Yang Jianhao , Qiu Yashuang , Jin Yang , Wang Tianyi , Sun Bing , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSodium metal is one of the ideal anodes for high-performance rechargeable batteries because of its high specific capacity (~ 1166 mAh·g−1), low reduction potential (−2.71 V compared to standard hydrogen electrodes), and low cost. However, the unstable solid electrolyte interphase, uncontrolled dendrite growth, and inevitable volume expansion hinder the practical application of sodium metal anodes. At present, many strategies have been developed to achieve stable sodium metal anodes. Here, we systematically summarize the latest strategies adopted in interface engineering, current collector design, and the emerging methods to improve the reaction kinetics of sodium deposition processes. First, the strategies of constructing protective layers are reviewed, including inorganic, organic, and mixed protective layers through electrolyte additives or pretreatments. Then, the classification of metal-based, carbon-based, and composite porous frames is discussed, including their function in reducing local deposition current density and the effect of introducing sodiophilic sites. Third, the recent progress of alloys, nanoparticles, and single atoms in improving Na deposition kinetics is systematically reviewed. Finally, the future research direction and the prospect of high-performance sodium metal batteries are proposed.
Measuring technical efficiency for multi-input multi-output production processes through OneClass Support Vector Machines: a finite-sample study
Authors: Moragues Raul , Aparicio Juan , Esteve Miriam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe introduce a new method for the estimation of production technologies in a multi-input multi-output context, based on OneClass Support Vector Machines with piecewise linear transformation mapping. We compare via a finite-sample simulation study the new technique with Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to estimate technical efficiency. The criteria adopted for measuring the performance of the estimators are bias and mean squared error. The simulations reveal that the approach based on machine learning seems to provide better results than DEA in our finite-sample scenarios. We also show how to adapt several well-known technical efficiency measures to the introduced estimator. Finally, we compare the new technique with respect to DEA via its application to an empirical database of USA schools from the Programme for International Student Assessment, where we obtain statistically significant differences in the efficiency scores determined through the Slacks-Based Measure.
Dickinsonia tenuis reported by Retallack et al. 2021 is not a Fossil, Instead an Impression of an Extant ‘fallen beehive’ by S.K. Pandey, Shamim Ahmad and Mukund Sharma. Jour. Geol. Soc. India, v.99, 2023, pp.311-316
Authors: E. Bickford Marion , Basu Abhijit 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We consider existing reliable data indicate the depositional age of the uppermost sandstone (Maihar Sandstone) of the Vindhyan Supergroup to be closer to 1000 Ma. We consider the penultimate statement by Pandey et al. (2023) “… the Maihar Sandstone is deposited within the Ediacaran Period” (our italics) is erroneous. In this note, we address both the dubious geochronology and the dubious biostratigraphy called on by Pandey et al. (op. cit.), and comment on the impropriety of changing extant stratigraphy on the basis of either.
Solving all the world’s energy problems for once and forever
Authors: Schubert Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe ultimate baseload power is that which can be delivered from orbit, especially if constructed from in situ materials. Power satellites can deliver GW-class power to municipal statistical areas and industrial parks using wireless power transfer from phased array antennae. Two recent innovations allow for a low specific cost (USD/kWh) at maturity, along with a small carbon footprint (gCO2(eq)/kWh). Remote from cities, local power and heat can be produced from non-food biomass. For villages and settlements in rural areas, agricultural residues can be converted to a tar-free hydrogen-rich syngas suitable for hydrogen extraction or as a fuel for an electrical generator (fuel cell or internal-combustion engine). This proven technology provides always-on power to off-grid locations, as well as heat for cooking or sterilization. Furthermore, with dry feedstock, the process generates biochar that can augment soil productivity, and be carbon-negative as well. Mineral ash from biomass conversion includes silica that can be reduced, with biochar, to produce metallurgical grade silicon. That silicon can be made porous with a chemical etch, and treated with a transition metal to produce a hydrogen storage medium. The parasitic energy loss of charging and discharging catalytically-modified porous silicon is very low, and it has negligible leakage. These qualities make for an ideal choice in fuel cell vehicles and portable electronics. Hydrogen can come from biomass in the countryside, or from powersat electrolysis during periods of low demand in the city. Taken together, these complementary technologies can power all of human needs for all time to come.
Existence and uniqueness of maximal solutions to SPDEs with applications to viscous fluid equations
Authors: Goodair Daniel , Crisan Dan , Lang Oana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present two criteria for the existence and uniqueness of a maximal strong solution for a general class of stochastic partial differential equations. Each criterion has its corresponding set of assumptions and can be applied to viscous fluid equations with additive, multiplicative or a general transport type noise. In particular, we apply these criteria to demonstrate well-posedness results for the 3D SALT [Stochastic Advection by Lie Transport, (Holm in Proc R Soc A Math Phys Eng Sci 471:20140963, 2015)] Navier–Stokes Equation in velocity and vorticity form, on the torus and the bounded domain respectively.
Learning from cancer to address COVID-19
Authors: Oláh Edit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPatients with cancer have been disproportionately affected by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Knowledge collected during the last three decades of cancer research has helped the medical research community worldwide to respond to many of the challenges raised by COVID-19, during the pandemic. The review, briefly summarizes the underlying biology and risk factors of COVID-19 and cancer, and aims to present recent evidence on cellular and molecular relationship between the two diseases, with a focus on those that are related to the hallmarks of cancer and uncovered in the first less than three years of the pandemic (2020–2022). This may not only help answer the question “Why cancer patients are considered to be at a particularly high risk of developing severe COVID-19 illness?”, but also helped treatments of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. The last session highlights the pioneering mRNA studies and the breakthrough discovery on nucleoside-modifications of mRNA by Katalin Karikó, which led to the innovation and development of the mRNA-based SARSCoV-2 vaccines saving lives of millions and also opened the door for a new era of vaccines and a new class of therapeutics.
Comparison of the Big Five and the HEXACO Models of Personality in the Prediction of Emotional Wellbeing: an Experience Sampling Study
Authors: Pilch Irena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough the associations between personality traits and subjective wellbeing (SWB) are well established, personality still remains important in the research on SWB. The big five/five factor model of personality is the most frequently used by SWB researchers. However, there is a possibility that an alternative six-factor personality model (HEXACO), which broadens personality structure with a sixth factor (honesty-humility), might also be useful when wellbeing is of interest. In the current study (N = 669) we try to assess which of the two personality models constitutes a better taxonomic framework for SWB research. To measure wellbeing as both a momentary and more stable phenomenon, an experience sampling procedure was used. Personality was assessed with the HEXACO-60 and the TIPI personality questionnaires. The current study findings showed some predictive advantages of the big five/five factor model over the HEXACO in predicting both momentary and stable wellbeing. However, both personality models added the unique variance to the prediction of SWB. Based on the results of the study, the recommendations for researchers investigating general personality traits in the context of subjective wellbeing are provided.
DC-SHAP Method for Consistent Explainability in Privacy-Preserving Distributed Machine Learning
Authors: Bogdanova Anna , Imakura Akira , Sakurai Tetsuya 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEnsuring the transparency of machine learning models is vital for their ethical application in various industries. There has been a concurrent trend of distributed machine learning designed to limit access to training data for privacy concerns. Such models, trained over horizontally or vertically partitioned data, present a challenge for explainable AI because the explaining party may have a biased view of background data or a partial view of the feature space. As a result, explanations obtained from different participants of distributed machine learning might not be consistent with one another, undermining trust in the product. This paper presents an Explainable Data Collaboration Framework based on a model-agnostic additive feature attribution algorithm (KernelSHAP) and Data Collaboration method of privacy-preserving distributed machine learning. In particular, we present three algorithms for different scenarios of explainability in Data Collaboration and verify their consistency with experiments on open-access datasets. Our results demonstrated a significant (by at least a factor of 1.75) decrease in feature attribution discrepancies among the users of distributed machine learning. The proposed method improves consistency among explanations obtained from different participants, which can enhance trust in the product and enable ethical application in various industries.
Finite-time ADRC formation control for uncertain nonaffine nonlinear multi-agent systems with prescribed performance and input saturation
Authors: Zhang Zhixiong , Yang Kaijun , Ouyang Lingcong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper explores finite-time formation control of multi-agent systems (MASs) with high-order nonaffine nonlinear dynamics and saturated input. Based on active disturbance rejection control theory, extended state observer is employed to identify unknown nonaffine nonlinear functions in MASs. The proposed control law consisting of backstepping control, tracking differentiator, and finite-time performance function is adopted for MASs to achieve the desired formation while reaching performance requirements. An auxiliary dynamic compensator is introduced to correct the control deviation caused by input saturation. Lyapunov stability theory is utilized to analyze the stability of the closed-loop system, which guarantees that the formation tracking error can asymptotically converge to an arbitrarily small neighborhood around zero in finite time. Finally, the simulation results show that compared to the adaptive, cooperative learning, and virtual structure methods, the proposed control algorithm has stronger tracking ability and faster setting time (1.8 s) under the influence of nonaffine nonlinear uncertainties. The integral square error for the formation control strategy in this paper is 0.16, which is much smaller than the abovementioned methods and is therefore provided to manifest the validity and feasibility of the proposed control strategy.
Profiles of word-finding difficulties in school-aged children
Authors: BOURASSA BÉDARD Vincent , TRUDEAU Natacha , MACLEOD Andrea A. N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCurrent understanding of word-finding (WF) difficulties in children and their underlying language processing deficit is poor. Authors have proposed that different underlying deficits may result in different profiles. The current study aimed to better understand WF difficulties by identifying difficult tasks for children with WF difficulties and by focusing on semantic vs. phonological profiles. Twenty-four French-speaking children with WF difficulties and 22 children without WF difficulties, all aged 7- to 12-years-old, participated. They were compared on a range of measures to cover the overall mechanism of WF and the quality of semantic and phonological representations. The largest differences were found on a parent questionnaire and a word definition task. Cluster analyses revealed “high performance” and “low performance” clusters, with intermediary groups. These clusters did not match the expected semantic vs. phonological profiles derived from models of lexical access, suggesting that WF difficulties may be linked to both semantic and phonological deficits.
Impact of overweight and obesity in the fetal cardiac function parameters in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy
Authors: Peixoto Alberto Borges , Bravo-Valenzuela Nathalie Jeanne , Martins Wellington P. , Tonni Gabriele , Moron Antonio Fernandes , Mattar Rosiane , Ruano Rodrigo , Rolo Liliam Cristine , Araujo Júnior Edward 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjective:To assess the impact of overweight and obesity in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy on fetal cardiac function parameters.Methods:We performed a prospective cohort study of 374 singleton pregnant women between 20w0d and 36w6d divided into three groups: 154 controls (body mass index - BMI < 25 kg/m2), 140 overweight (BMI 25–30 kg/m2) and 80 obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Fetal left ventricular (LV) modified myocardial performance index (Mod-MPI) was calculated according to the following formula: (isovolumetric contraction time + isovolumetric relaxation time)/ejection time. Spectral tissue Doppler was used to determine LV and right ventricular (RV) myocardial performance index (MPI'), peak myocardial velocity during systole (S'), early diastole (E'), and late diastole (A').Results:We found significant differences between the groups in maternal age (p < 0.001), maternal weight (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001), number of pregnancies (p < 0.001), parity (p < 0.001), gestational age (p = 0.013), and estimated fetal weight (p = 0.003). Overweight pregnant women had higher LV Mod-MPI (0.046 versus 0.044 seconds, p = 0.009) and LV MPI' (0.50 versus 0.47 seconds, p < 0.001) than the control group. Obese pregnant women had higher RV E' than control (6.82 versus 6.33 cm/sec, p = 0.008) and overweight (6.82 versus 6.46 cm/sec, p = 0.047) groups. There were no differences in 5-min APGAR score < 7, neonatal intensive care unit admission, hypoglycemia and hyperglobulinemia between the groups.Conclusions:We observed fetal myocardial dysfunction in overweight and obese pregnant women with higher LV Mod-MPI, LV MPI' and RV E' compared to fetuses from normal weight pregnant women.
Effect of the Net Charges Carried by Dust on Martian Atmospheric Temperature
Authors: Gao Xuebang , Xie Li , Zhou Jùn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDust particles suspended in the dusty Martian atmosphere are prone to being charged. In this paper, we investigate the effect of the net charges carried by dust particles on the radiative properties of Martian dust. We find that net charges carried by dust particles significantly alter the extinction properties and single scattering albedo of dust at thermal infrared radiation band, which results in an enhancement of the infrared heating rate, up to 6.36%. We show that the discrepancy between the atmospheric temperature predicted by the Mars Atmosphere Model and the one detected during the Mars rover landing is reduced to within 11% when the effect of the net charges carried by the dust is considered. Therefore, it is essential to consider the effect of the net charges carried by dust particles for an accurate characterization of the atmospheric temperature.
GPS Loss of Lock Events and Their Dependence on the Interplanetary Magnetic Field Orientation
Authors: Lovati G. , De Michelis P. , Consolini G. , Pezzopane M. , Pignalberi A. , Berrilli F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe study investigates the influence of interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation on loss of lock (LoL) events in Global Positioning System signals. We analyzed LoLs recorded on two Swarm satellites between July 2014 and December 2021, examining how the signs of the IMF Bx, By, and Bz components affect the distribution of events at high latitudes. Our results reveal an asymmetric distribution of LoL events over 75° magnetic latitude. In the Northern hemisphere, more events occur in the post‐noon sector with negative IMF By, and in the pre‐noon sector with positive IMF By. Conversely, in the Southern hemisphere, pre‐noon events increase with negative IMF By, while post‐noon events increase with positive IMF By. At lower latitudes (50°–75°), IMF By does not significantly affect the event distribution, which mainly concentrates in the night sector for both hemispheres. Additionally, we found a connection between IMF By and Bx, primarily due to the IMF spiral structure. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of the SuperDARN data‐driven model of ionospheric convection patterns, which shows that LoL events frequently cluster in the cusp region, as well as the area where the two convection cells separate.
Glucose uptake and distribution across the human skeleton using state-of-the-art total-body PET/CT
Authors: Lu Weizhao , Duan Yanhua , Li Kun , Qiu Jianfeng , Cheng Zhaoping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA growing number of studies have demonstrated that the skeleton is an endocrine organ that is involved in glucose metabolism and plays a significant role in human glucose homeostasis. However, there is still a limited understanding of the in vivo glucose uptake and distribution across the human skeleton. To address this issue, we aimed to elucidate the detailed profile of glucose uptake across the skeleton using a total-body positron emission tomography (PET) scanner. A total of 41 healthy participants were recruited. Two of them received a 1-hour dynamic total-body 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET scan, and all of them received a 10-minute static total-body 18F-FDG PET scan. The net influx rate (Ki) and standardized uptake value normalized by lean body mass (SUL) were calculated as indicators of glucose uptake from the dynamic and static PET data, respectively. The results showed that the vertebrae, hip bone and skull had relatively high Ki and SUL values compared with metabolic organs such as the liver. Both the Ki and SUL were higher in the epiphyseal, metaphyseal and cortical regions of long bones. Moreover, trends associated with age and overweight with glucose uptake (SULmax and SULmean) in bones were uncovered. Overall, these results indicate that the skeleton is a site with significant glucose uptake, and skeletal glucose uptake can be affected by age and dysregulated metabolism.
The regulatory role of lipophagy in central nervous system diseases
Authors: Lan Zhuo-qing , Ge Zi-yi , Lv Shu-kai , Zhao Bing , Li Cai-xia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLipid droplets (LDs) are the organelles for storing neutral lipids, which are broken down when energy is insufficient. It has been suggested that excessive accumulation of LDs can affect cellular function, which is important to coordinate homeostasis of lipids in vivo. Lysosomes play an important role in the degradation of lipids, and the process of selective autophagy of LDs through lysosomes is known as lipophagy. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism has recently been associated with a variety of central nervous system (CNS) diseases, but the specific regulatory mechanisms of lipophagy in these diseases remain to be elucidated. This review summarizes various forms of lipophagy and discusses the role that lipophagy plays in the development of CNS diseases in order to reveal the related mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets for these diseases.
Galectin-9 has non-apoptotic cytotoxic activity toward acute myeloid leukemia independent of cytarabine resistance
Authors: Choukrani Ghizlane , Visser Nienke , Ustyanovska Avtenyuk Natasha , Olthuis Mirjam , Marsman Glenn , Ammatuna Emanuele , Lourens Harm Jan , Niki Toshiro , Huls Gerwin , Bremer Edwin , Wiersma Valerie R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignancy still associated with poor survival rates, among others, due to frequent occurrence of therapy-resistant relapse after standard-of-care treatment with cytarabine (AraC). AraC triggers apoptotic cell death, a type of cell death to which AML cells often become resistant. Therefore, therapeutic options that trigger an alternate type of cell death are of particular interest. We previously identified that the glycan-binding protein Galectin-9 (Gal-9) has tumor-selective and non-apoptotic cytotoxicity towards various types of cancer, which depended on autophagy inhibition. Thus, Gal-9 could be of therapeutic interest for (AraC-resistant) AML. In the current study, treatment with Gal-9 was cytotoxic for AML cells, including for CD34+ patient-derived AML stem cells, but not for healthy cord blood-derived CD34+ stem cells. This Gal-9-mediated cytotoxicity did not rely on apoptosis but was negatively associated with autophagic flux. Importantly, both AraC-sensitive and -resistant AML cell lines, as well as AML patient samples, were sensitive to single-agent treatment with Gal-9. Additionally, Gal-9 potentiated the cytotoxic effect of DNA demethylase inhibitor Azacytidine (Aza), a drug that is clinically used for patients that are not eligible for intensive AraC treatment. Thus, Gal-9 is a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of AML, including AraC-resistant AML, by inducing caspase-independent cell death.