bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the escalating impact of paramedic transported emergency department visits for opioid-related conditions in Ontario, Canada: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Strum Ryan P. , Mondoux Shawn , Mowbray Fabrice I. , Miller Paul , Worster Andrew , Ferron Richard , Costa Andrew P. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
While overdoses comprise the majority of opioid research, the comprehensive impact of the opioid crisis on emergency departments (EDs) and paramedic services has not been reported. We examined temporal changes in population-adjusted incidence rates of ED visits and paramedic transports due to opioid-related conditions.

Materials and methods
We conducted a population-based cohort study of all ED visits in the National Ambulatory Care Reporting System from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2019 in Ontario, Canada. We included all patients with a primary diagnosis naming opioids as the underlying cause for the visit, without any other drugs or substances. We clustered geographic regions using Local Health Integration Network boundaries. Descriptive statistics, incidence rate ratios (IRR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to analyze population-adjusted temporal changes.

Results
Overall, 86,403 ED visits were included in our study. Incidence of opioid-related ED visits increased by 165% in the study timeframe, with paramedic transported patients increasing by 429%. Per 100,000 residents, annual ED visits increased from 40.4 to 97.2, and paramedic transported patients from 12.1 to 67.9. The proportion of opioid-related ED visits transported by paramedics increased from 35.0% to 69.9%. The medical acuity of opioid-related ED visits increased throughout the years (IRR 6.8. 95% CI 5.9–7.7), though the proportion of discharges remained constant (~75%). The largest increases in ED visits and paramedic transports were concentrated to urbanized regions.

Discussion
Opioid-related ED visits and paramedic transports increased substantially between 2009 and 2019. The proportion of ED visits transported by paramedics doubled. Our findings could provide valuable support to health stakeholders in implementing timely strategies aimed at safely reducing opioid-related ED visits. The increased use of paramedics followed by high rates of ED discharge calls for exploration of alternative care models within paramedic systems, such as direct transport to specialized substance abuse centres.
Daily disease severity in patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital: The SCODA (severity of coronavirus disease assessment) score
Authors: Joosten Simone A. , Smeets Mark J. R. , Arbous M. Sesmu , Manniën Judith , Laverman Sander , Driessen Merijn M. G. , Cannegieter Suzanne C. , Roukens Anna H. E. ,   on behalf of the Leiden University Medical Center BEAT-COVID group
Published: September 2023

Background
A multitude of diagnostic and predictive algorithms have been designed for COVID-19. However, currently no score can accurately quantify and track day-to-day disease severity in hospitalised patients with COVID-19. We aimed to design such a score to improve pathophysiological insight in COVID-19.

Methods
Development of the Severity of COronavirus Disease Assessment (SCODA) score was based on the 4C Mortality score but patient demographic variables that remain constant during admission were excluded. Instead, parameters associated with breathing and oxygenation were added to reflect the daily condition. The SCODA score was subsequently applied to the BEAT-COVID cohort to describe COVID-19 severity over time and to determine the timing of clinical recovery for each patient, an important marker in pathophysiological studies. The BEAT-COVID study included patients with PCR confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalized between April 2020 and March 2021 in the Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.

Results
The SCODA score consists of 6 clinical and 2 routine lab parameters. 191 patients participated in the BEAT-COVID study. Median age was 66, and 74.4% was male. The modal timepoint at which recovery was clinically initiated occurred on days 8 and 24 since symptom onset for non-ICU and ICU-patients, respectively.

Conclusions
We developed a daily score which can be used to track disease severity of patients admitted due to COVID-19. This score is useful for improving insight in COVID-19 pathophysiology, its clinical course and to evaluate interventions. In a future stage this score can also be used in other (emerging) infectious respiratory diseases.
Global bifurcation of positive solutions for a class of superlinear elliptic systems
Authors: Ma Ruyun , Zhu Yan , Zhang Yali 
Published: September 2023

We are concerned with the global bifurcation of positive solutions for semilinear elliptic systems of the form

{

−
Δ
u
=
λ
f
(
u
,
v
)

in

Ω
,

−
Δ
v
=
λ
g
(
u
,
v
)

in

Ω
,

u
=
v
=
0

on

∂
Ω
,

where
λ
∈

R

is the bifurcation parameter,
Ω
⊂

R

N

,
N
≥
2
is a bounded domain with smooth boundary
∂
Ω
. We establish the existence of an unbounded branch of positive solutions, emanating from the origin, which is bounded in positive
λ
-direction. The nonlinearities
f
,

g
∈

C

1

(

R

×

R

,
(
0
,
∞
)
)
are nondecreasing for each variable and have superlinear growth at infinity. The proof of our main result is based upon bifurcation theory. In addition, as an application for our main result, when
f
and
g
subject to the upper growth bound, by a technique of taking superior limit for components, then we may show that the branch must bifurcate from infinity at
λ
=
0
.
Quantum chemical analysis of amino acids as anti-corrosion agents
Authors: Mamad Dyari Mustafa , Omer Rebaz Anwar , Othman Khdir Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Anti-corrosion properties of L-lysine (Lys), S-methyl (S-Met), L-cysteine (Cys), L-glycine (Gly), valinin (Val), and L-glutamine (Glu), all of which are amino acids, were evaluated on the surfaces of iron, copper, and aluminum in both the protonated and non-protonated states in both the gas and aqueous phases at their optimal symmetry. Analysis was performed based on density functional theory (DFT) calculation at 6-311++G(d,p) and B3LYP level. Monte Carlo simulation generated top and side views of the most energetically stable configuration for the adsorption of all selected amino acids on Al (110), Fe (110), and Cu (110). This suggests that the Monte Carlo simulation was able to accurately predict the adsorption properties of the amino acids on the selected metal surfaces. Glu was found to be the strongest inhibitor amongst the six molecules tested, as it had the lowest energy difference and the highest reactivity, according to the decreasing sequence of ∆E values. Electronegativity difference of the compounds investigated from highest to lowest is Lys, S-Met, Cyst, Gly, Val, and Glu. This order is also reflected in the polarizability of the compounds, with Lys having the highest polarizability and Glu having the lowest, suggesting that Glu may have the highest inhibitory efficacy.
Sollte die

Kritik der reinen Vernunft

die Vollständigkeit der Urteilstafel tatsächlich (nur) „vor Augen stellen“?

Allgemeine reine Logik

und Transzendentalphilosophie in Kants Deduktion der reinen Verstandesbegriffe
Authors: Ludwig Bernd 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As Kant shows in A 71–76 of the First Critique, his table of the twelve “logical functions of understanding” (in A 70) is an indispensable extension of a table of four well-known logical functions that we find in a section of the Logic that was “already finished” in Aristotle’s times: The Square of Oppositions. The undisputed completeness of this special table thus warrants the completeness of Kant’s general table as well. Any further philosophical proof of completeness for Kant’s table of judgements as a whole is therefore not necessary at all. And due to the contingency of “kind and number” of human forms of intuition and functions of judgment, such a ‘proof’ would not even be possible according to Kant – and thus it is not a subject (or even a part) of his Transcendental Deduction of the Categories. A concluding evaluation of Kant’s own statements about the proof-structure of the B-Deduction as a whole supports this claim.
Majestic Christology and the Human Agency of Jesus
Authors: Luy David 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Do “majestic Christologies” violate the principle of non-competitive relationship? Majestic Christologies are diverse according to conceptual delineation, but share the common affirmation that Jesus’ humanity participates in the divine majesty in a transformative manner. This notion seems to transgress the principle of non-competitive relationship by behaving as if the fullness of Christ’s deity requires a displacement or transmogrification of his creatureliness. This paper argues that majestic Christology does not necessarily contradict the non-competitive principle by emphasizing the elasticity of theological anthropology from an eschatological point of view.
Distinguishing Incomplete Kawasaki and Nonsevere Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Authors: Fan Lucie K. , Bai Shasha , Du Chenxi , Bass Marissa , Jones Kaitlin , Sherry Whitney , Morris Claudia R. , Oster Matthew E. , Shane Andi L. , Jaggi Preeti 
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES
Characterizing inflammatory syndromes during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was complicated by recognition of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), contemporaneous with episodes of Kawasaki disease. We hypothesized a substantial overlap between the 2 and assessed the performance of an MIS-C likelihood score in differentiating inpatients with nonsevere MIS-C from prepandemic incomplete Kawasaki disease (iKD) without coronary involvement.

METHODS
A retrospective review of inpatient records was conducted; the nonsevere MIS-C cohort (March 2020–February 2021) met the 2023 definition for MIS-C; the iKD cohort (January 2018–January 2019) met the American Heart Association criteria for iKD without coronary involvement. We applied the likelihood score to both cohorts. We estimated the percent of children with iKD who could have met the clinical criteria of the MIS-C, had they presented in 2023.

RESULTS
The 68 children in the nonsevere MIS-C cohort were older (8 vs 4 years, P &lt; .001) than the 28 children in the iKD cohort. Those in the nonsevere MIS-C cohort had higher rates of thrombocytopenia (P &lt; .001) and lymphopenia (P = .021); those in the iKD cohort had higher rates of pyuria (P &lt; .001). Twenty-four (86%) children in the iKD cohort met the 2023 MIS-C definition. The scoring system correctly predicted 71% to 74% children with their respective clinical diagnoses.

CONCLUSIONS
Though there was considerable clinical overlap, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, and the absence of pyuria were the most helpful parameters to distinguish children with nonsevere MIS-C from those with iKD.
Using of microsilica for improvement of physical and mechanical properties of epoxide-based composite material
Authors: Kokayeva Gulnara , Niyazbekova Rimma , Serekpayeva Mira , Ibzhanova Ainur , Bekeshev Amirbek 
Published: September 2023

Utilization of industrial waste and secondary raw materials, in particular, in the production of metallic silicon and silicon-containing alloys, which include silica vapors (microsilica), is the main task of implementing environmental policy and solves the problem of their storage and negative impact on the environment, in order to reuse them in polymer composites. The use of microsilica as a filler in composite materials based on epoxy resins contributes to a positive effect on the basic properties of the resin, and also makes it possible to use the composite material as coatings and parts in the repair of machinery and equipment. The aim of the work was to establish the positive effect of microsilica as a filler in composite materials based on ED-20 epoxy resin on improving the physical and mechanical properties of composite materials. Within the framework of this work, studies were conducted to test composite materials based on ED-20 epoxy resin, differing in different filler content of 2, 5, 10, 15 wt. % on impact strength, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity, adhesion and impact strength of the coating.
The analysis of the obtained results showed a positive effect of microsilica as a filler in composite materials based on ED-20 epoxy resin on the physical and mechanical properties of the composite material. The optimal filler content was determined, which is 2 % of the mass of the ED-20 epoxy resin, while an increase in adhesion, toughness of the composite material by 45 %, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity by 21 % and 5 %, respectively, and the strength of the coating on impact by 32 %, compared with the addition of microsilica in ED-20, which shows the prospects of using microsilica as a filler in composite materials
Development of informational-technological support for designing cutting diagrams of haberdashery parts
Authors: Chuprynka Viktor , Demkivska Tetiana , Chuprynka Nataliia , Demkivskyi Ievgen , Naumenko Bohdan 
Published: September 2023

The object of research is the technological process of cutting rectangular materials into haberdashery parts.
The mathematical statement of the problem to find cutting diagrams of rectangular materials for haberdashery parts is given. The structural components of this problem and its mathematical model were described.
A method for implementing the task set is proposed, which includes the following stages:
– generation of layouts;
– generation of a set of permissible sections of one part, from a combination of two parts, and from a combination of three product parts;
– generation of cutting diagrams of rectangular materials for haberdashery parts from a combination of designed sections.
Implementation algorithms have been proposed for each of the stages of the task. The proposed algorithms were used in the development of information technology support for finding cutting diagrams of rectangular materials for haberdashery parts.
The information and technological support that was offered makes it possible to create graphic visualizations of rational cutting schemes and save them in a file. This feature allows automated cutting systems to use information about such schemes.
The developed information technology support was tested on the parts of haberdashery and showed its effectiveness. This information and technological support can be successfully used at haberdashery enterprises in preparatory and cutting production to increase the utilization of material during cutting by 1.5–2.5 %.
Thus, the proposed information and technological support makes it possible to improve the technological process of designing rational schemes of cutting for haberdashery articles
Development of a localized production model for the automotive industry, built into the concept of industry 4.0 in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljuaid Abdullah Awadh , Masood Syed Athar , Tipu Javed Ahmed Khan , Shah Imran 
Published: September 2023

Saudi Arabia vision-2030 is mainly focused on industrialization to reduce reliance on oil revenue. Localized Manufacturing (LM) concept, which has gained its importance worldwide in this fast-changing technological world to meet customers’ unique needs of 21st century. Now-a-days, manufacturing industry is shifting from standard product development to customized product development keeping in view the growing unique customer-’s needs. The research objective of this research was to maximize LM Application in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to meet unique customers’ needs.
Automobile industry was selected to apply Industry 4.0 technologies i.e., 3D Printing/Additive manufacturing. The specifications, fulfilling the customer’s unique needs have been incorporated to manufacture the desired part by 3D printing/additive manufacturing. Data was collected from Saudi automobiles customers regarding their unique needs on a particular automobile part. Using the Product Design and Development methodology by Ulrich et al data was collected, analysed and as a result of data analysis, a model for maximization of localized manufacturing was developed for implementation of LM technique. Results shows that using Industry 4.0 concept, customers’ unique needs can be satisfied and fulfilled in less time and it will be more economical as compared to standard/conventional manufacturing/production methods. Based on the results of this research a model for maximization of localized manufacturing is developed utilizing Industry 4.0 technique
Increasing the oxidative stability of linseed oil
Authors: Sytnik Natalia , Korchak Mykola , Nekrasov Serhii , Herasymenko Vitalii , Mylostyvyi Roman , Ovsiannikova Tetiana , Shamota Tetiana , Mohutova Valentyna , Ofilenko Nataliia , Choni Inna 
Published: September 2023

The object of the research is the process of oxidation of linseed oil at elevated temperature.
Linseed oil is a valuable raw material for the chemical, food, cosmetic and other industries. The use of linseed oil is complicated by intensive oxidation processes associated with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, an important task is to develop and improve methods of oxidative stabilization of linseed oil.
The oxidation process of unrefined linseed oil (CAS Number 8001-26-1) at a temperature of 110 °C in its original form and with the addition of antioxidants was studied. The effect of antioxidant concentrations (tocopherol, butylhydroxyanisole and butylhydroxytoluene) in the mixture on the induction period of linseed oil was found. The induction period was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The total concentration of the mixture of antioxidants in each experiment was 0.02 %. The induction period of the initial oil was 155.31 min. Rational ratios of antioxidants in the mixture were found: tocopherol: butylhydroxyanisole (50:50) %; tocopherol: butylhydroxytoluene (50:50) %; tocopherol: butylhydroxyanisole: butylhydroxytoluene (33.33:33.33:33.33) %. At the same time, the oil induction periods are 295.7 min., 290.1 min. and 290.2 min., respectively.
The quality indicators of the initial linseed oil and with the addition of the determined rational ratios of antioxidants after 2 hours of aging at a temperature of 110 °C were determined. The peroxide values of the samples were 8.5, 3.2, 3.6, 3.7 ½ O mmol/kg, respectively.
The research results make it possible to introduce antioxidants in the production of linseed oil in rational concentrations. This will help increase the production of linseed oil resistant to oxidation at elevated temperatures, which will provide various industries with high-quality raw materials
Investigating cavity formation in an electric arc zone during out-of-furnace processing of steel
Authors: Ruban Volodymyr , Stoianov Oleksandr , Niziaiev Kostiantyn , Synehin Yevhen , Zhuravlova Svitlana , Malii Khrystyna 
Published: September 2023

The object of this study is the interaction zone between a graphitized hollow electrode (GHE) and a metal bath on the «ladle-furnace» installation.
The regularities of the formation of the geometric parameters of the hole were established for the purpose of further evaluation of the heat exchange under the electrode in the arc combustion zone under different operating conditions of the «ladle-furnace» installation.
An experimental methodology was devised, and a laboratory setup was built for physical simulation on a cold model. The values of the geometric parameters of the cavity formed by the electric arc discharge in the sub-electrode zone were calculated. In particular, the area of the curved surface of the cavity is about 0.2 m2 at a depth of 40 mm. The regularities of formation of the geometry of the cavity during gas injection through the GHE channel have been established, in particular with regard to the area and depth of the cavity. Thus, with a gas consumption of 3–20 m3/h and a slag cover height of 100 mm, the area reaches 0.28–0.5 m2, while the depth of the cavity ranged from 5 cm to 19 cm, respectively. Rational flow rates of gas supplied through the channel of the graphitized hollow electrode were established, which for a slag cover of 100 mm are 3–6 m3/h and for a slag cover of 200 mm – 6–10 m3/h.
The peculiarities of the formation of a metal cavity in the sub-electrode zone under the conditions of gas supply through the channel of a graphitized hollow electrode during out-of-furnace processing of steel at the «ladle-furnace» installation were investigated.
The patterns of the formation of the geometry of the cavity in the arc combustion zone, which were obtained using cold modeling, could subsequently make it possible to perform calculations of heat transfer from the electric arc discharge to the metal bath. That will also make it possible to determine the share of heat absorbed by slag and metal under the conditions of using a conventional electrode, and a hollow one with gas supply through its channel during out-of-furnace processing of steel at the «ladle-furnace» installation
Identifying the influence of transient thermal tensioning treatments on minimizing distortion and improving fatigue behavior of steel welded
Authors: Wibowo Heri , Surahmanto Fredy , Ilman Mochammad Noer 
Published: September 2023

Due to the cost efficiency of welding repairs, the use of transient thermal tensioning (TTT) has begun to be applied to minimize distortion and residual stresses, particularly on thin plates. However, it requires a long preheating time especially on large structures, so that the efficiency of welding process cannot be maximized. Application of TTT treatment using flame heater on TTT treatment which require no preheating time so that welding efficiency can be increased. The aims of this study are to investigate the TTT treatment in reducing distortion, investigate the effect of TTT treatment on tensile strength and hardness, investigate the microstructure and its effect on tensile strength and hardness, investigated the effect of TTT treatment on fatigue crack growth rate. In this research, TTT treatment was performed by flame heating on the both side of weld line integrated in welding process. Temperature in both side plates were controlled and measured using thermocouple. The tests on the weld joints were carried out including distortion measurement, microstructure examination, hardness measurement, tensile test and fatigue test. Results showed that the TTT (60) treatment is the most effective in decreasing the longitudinal distortion which placing the flame heating a 60 mm behind welding torch. It tends to increase the tensile strength of weld metal supported by its increasing hardness. The increase in the percentage of the acicular ferrite phase is linearly related to the tensile strength and hardness of the weld joint. The fatigue behavior could be improved by TTT treatment (60) which is associated with the effect of decreasing residual stress in the weld metal region. This treatment is the best parameter in an effort to increase the welding efficiency of the TTT method