bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Green synthesis, characterizations, and antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles from Themeda quadrivalvis, in conjugation with macrolide antibiotics against respiratory pathogens
Authors: P. Ruban , S. J. L. Joji Reddy , Manickam Rajalakshmi , Rathinam R. , M. Syed Ali , Rajkumar S. , Sharma Shubham , Sudhakara P. , Eldin Elsayed Mohamed Tag 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The current study has portrayed the synthetic mixtures of Themeda quadrivalvis using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS), the combination of green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) formed with macrolide antimicrobials. The counter microbial effects were investigated with various concentrates of plant compounds, AgNPs, and macrolide-formed AgNPs against respiratory microorganisms. GCMS examination has shown the presence of various substances that intensifies the chloroform concentrate of T. quadrivalvis. A total of 51 mixtures were distinguished, and furthermore, the most severe zone of restraint was found in chloroform removal and against Klebsiella sp. (18 ± 4.7 mm). It has been demonstrated that the green mixture of AgNPs containing macrolide anti-toxins, such as azithromycin, erythromycin, and clarithromycin, demonstrates extensive antibacterial activities against a wide range of microorganisms. In contrast, the green union of AgNPs also demonstrates their efficacy against a wide range of respiratory microbes. The particles containing numerous relatively small fragments that were observed in the scanning electron microscopy analysis were found to be 20 nm in size. Previous studies have focused on phytochemicals and green amalgamations of AgNPs, but not much detail has been provided on T. quadrivalvis. It has been reported that the two concentrates (a plant concentrate in combination with consolidated green nanoparticle macrolide anti-toxins). The present study aims to treat respiratory microorganisms with a green methodology approach using nanotechnology; this analysis primarily focuses on offering creative approaches to make drugs against respiratory microbes.
Исследование состояния и перспектив развития фудшеринга во Владивостоке
Authors: Ефремова Полина Витальевна , Спесивцева Александра Сергеевна 
Published: March 2023

В статье представлены результаты исследования фудшеринга во Владивостоке – одного из направлений экономики «совместного потребления», практики, при которой люди и организации могут обмениваться свободными продуктами. В работе рассмотрены тренды экономики «совместного потребления»; проведен обзор существующих научных подходов к понятию «фудшеринг», описана эволюция моделей фудшеринга; проведен анализ мировых тенденций в исследуемой области. Авторами отмечается, что феномен фудшеринга в части коллективного поведения по принятию решений о создании «общественного блага» хорошо объясняется при помощи бихевиористского подхода к теории рационального выбора коллективного действия, что подтверждается эмпирическими данными о  существующих мировых практиках. Центральная часть статьи посвящена результатам полевого исследования, проведенного зимой–весной 2021 года и основанного на качественных и количественных методах исследования, в ходе которого были раскрыты вопросы наличия, состояния, влияния современных коммуникационных технологий на продвижение и перспективы развития данного направления на исследуемой территории. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о присутствии всех основных форм фудшеринга во Владивостоке и использовании основных технологий его продвижения, при этом отмечается, что этот тренд не пользуется популярностью у местного сообщества. В результате исследования авторы приходят к выводу, что на исследуемой территории фудшеринг воспринимается не как общественное благо, а как благотворительность, поэтому обычные стимулы и технологии его популяризации не имеют должного эффекта. В заключении статьи авторы обращаются к обсуждению ограничений исследования, а также перспективных направлений следующих научных изысканий.
A rare constellation of horseshoe lung with lung malformation and hypoplastic left heart syndrome: a case report
Authors: Zaverza V. M. , Kozlova P. V. , Mashchenko I. A. , Borshevetskaya A. A. , Grekhov E. V. , Volkova Yu. V. , Trufanov G. E. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The aim of the paper is demonstrating the possibilities of CT angiography in newborns with suspected combinations of a congenital heart defect and pulmonary malformations.Materials and methods. The article presents a clinical case of a rare constellation of horseshoe lung with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, right lung hypoplasia and intralobar pulmonary sequestration of the right lung.Results. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography is mandatory in visualization of rare complex congenital heart and bronchovascular anomaly.Discussion. Horseshoe lung is a rare congenital anomaly of childhood in which the caudal and basal segments of the lungs are joined together anterior to the aorta and behind the left ventricle. This anomaly was described for the first time by Spenser in 1962. Horseshoe lung is often associated with unilateral lung hypoplasia, most commonly involving the right lung, and can occur in conjunction with scimitar syndrome, which includes hypoplasia of the right lung, abnormal right pulmonary venous return, and abnormal arterial supply to the right lung.Conclusion. Presented case report demonstrates current postnatal examination possibilities (CT, angiography) in the diagnostics of a rare congenital heart and bronchovascular anomaly — hyperplastic left heart, intralobar pulmonary sequestration of the right lung, anomalous venous return, anomalous hepatic venous drainage. The incidence of this disorder is approximately 1–3 per 100 000 births.
Identification of the pathogenesis features of various phenotypes of multiple sclerosis based on the study of the morphological functional connectivity of subcortical gray matter structures
Authors: Trufanov A. G. , Polushin A. Y. , Gorbunova E. A. , Lukin M. V. 
Published: March 2023

Objective. The aim of study: to investigate the functional changes in the thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampal region using functional MRI at rest and determine their clinical significance in various types of MS.Materials and methods. 68 patients with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) were examined: 40 patients with a relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) in remission and 28 patients with secondary progressive MS without signs of activity and progression (SPMS). The control group consisted of 10 healthy people of the appropriate age and gender without neurological and somatic diseases. All patients and controls underwent MRI of the brain on a Siemens Tim Trio tomograph with a magnetic field induction of 3.0 TL, using contrast enhancement, T1 gradient echo protocols, REST-BOLD, and subsequent processing of the data obtained using CONN 19с software.Results and conclusion. In the course of the study, various patterns of changes in functional connections were found: in patients with RRMS, there is a decrease in the intensity of connections of the thalamus with other brain structures and a decrease in their number. In patients with RRMS, a greater number and intensity of connections within the thalamus and other structures of the brain were detected compared to SPMS. In patients with RRMS, there is a significant decrease in the connectivity parameters of the hippocampal formation, which is expressed on the left, and in the case of the amygdala complex – on the right, this is manifested in a total decrease in the intensity of connections with other brain structures and a decrease in their number. Thus, the method of functional MRI at rest makes an additional contribution to the understanding of neurodegenerative processes in various phenotypes of multiple sclerosis.
SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK MORTAR DENGAN CAMPURAN LIMBAH ABU BATU BATUAN VULKANIK SEBAGAI PENGGANTI PASIR
Authors: Kusumaningrum Evy , Sumarsono Sumarsono , Faizah Restu , Chotimah Nurul 
Published: March 2023

<p class="Keywords">Kasus pencemaran lingkungan sebagian besar diakibatkan oleh kurang tepatnya penanganan limbah di beberapa daerah. Limbah merupakan hasil sisa dari suatu kegiatan produksi. Daerah Ponjong, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta sebagian besar masyarakat menekuni pekerjaan penggergajian batu alam. Limbah yang dihasilkan dari kegiatan penggergajian batu alam adalah abu batu dan pecahan batu. Limbah abu batu dan pecahan batu tersebut belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Limbah yang menumpuk mengakibatkan tanah menjadi keras dan kesuburannya berkurang. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka pada penelitian ini mengusulkan tentang analisis sifat fisik dan mekanik beton dengan campuran abu batu sebagai pengganti agregat halus sebagai pengganti pasir pasir. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan akan mengetahui sifat fisik dan mekanik beton dengan campuran abu batu sebagai pengganti pasir. Komposisi abu batu sebagai pengganti pasir yaitu 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% dan 50% dari berat pasir. Dari komposisi tersebut benda uji akan di uji densitas (<em>density</em>), kuat tekan (<em>compression strength</em>) pada umur beton 28 hari. Pengujian benda uji menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Nilai densitas yang diperoleh pada benda uji mengalami penurunan nilai densitas. Semakin banyak komposisi abi batu sebagai pengganti pasir nilai densitasnya semakin kecil. Begitu juga dengan hasil uji kuat tekan mortar. Kuat tekan mortar dengan komposisi abu batu semakin banyak maka kuat tekan beton semakin menurun. </p>
The Effect of Problem Based Learning Based on Hybrid Learning on Problem Solving in Mathematics Subjects at Islamic School
Authors: Arifia Gadis , Nurdyansyah  
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect and how much influence PBL (Problem Based Learning) based on hybrid learning has on solving mathematical problems at MI Al-Islam Plumpang.
The research method used is quantitative research. Quantitative research is a research method that tests certain theories by examining the relationship between variables which are usually measured by research instruments so that they can produce data in the form of numbers (Creswell, 2012:5). In addition, data collection techniques using questionnaires (questionnaires), tests, and documentation. While the data analysis used is the normality test, validity test, reliability test, and T test (partial).
Based on the data obtained from the results of the validation test, reliability test, and normality test, and the t-test, it can be concluded that the significance value of the experimental group is 0.531. So that 0.531 > 0.05, the problem-based learning model based on hybrid learning on problem solving in mathematics has a significant effect on students' understanding of mathematics in class 4 MI AL-Islam.
Global human footprint on fish size-spectra across marine ecosystems
Authors: Letessier Tom , Mouillot David , Mannocci Laura , Christ Hanna , Elamin Elamin , Elamin Sheikheldin , Friedlander Alan , Hearn Alex , Juhel Jean-Baptiste , Kleiven Alf , Moland Even , Mouquet Nicolas , Nillos-Kleiven Portia , Sala Enric , Thompson Christopher , Velez Laure , Vigliola Laurent , Meeuwig Jessica 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Human exploitation has profoundly depleted animal populations in the ocean, leading to declines in ecosystem productivity, resilience, and contributions to people1,2. However, it remains unclear how size structure of fish populations varies across marine habitat and levels of human exploitation while simultaneously underpinning food web architecture and ecosystem functioning3. Here, we process 6,701 pelagic and 10,710 benthic stereo-video deployments across all the oceans to extract body size of over 800,000 individual fish, spanning 6 orders of magnitude from zooplankton size-classes (<1 g), to large oceanic predators (>1,000 kg), in order to ultimately assess vulnerability to exploitation and responses to protection status. Size-spectra analysis reveals peaks in body size distributions which differ in their position between pelagic and benthic habitats. Typical body size of relatively small and large individuals is greater in strictly protected areas remote from human markets, than in unprotected areas close to markets. Pelagic size-spectra are more sensitive to market remoteness and respond more strongly to protection than their benthic counterparts which are more species-rich, and therefore more likely to provide trophic replacements4 under exploitation, owing to body size redundancy5. This contrasted result suggests that fully protected areas can partly mitigate human impacts close to markets in benthic habitats while in pelagic habitats effective protection requires remoteness from humans. Thus, the restoration of fish body-size spectra, including some of the world’s largest and most endangered vertebrates6, can be promoted by implementing fully protected areas in pelagic habitats, particularly in remote locations.
Learning rules for cortical-like spontaneous replay of an internal model
Authors: Asabuki Toshitake , Fukai Tomoki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The brain is thought to learn an internal model of the environment for improved performance in perception, decision making, and inference. Evidence suggests that spontaneous cortical activity represents such a model, or prior distribution, by cycling through stimulus-evoked activity patterns at frequencies proportional to the probabilities that these stimuli were previously experienced. However, how the brain encodes priors into spontaneous activity and utilizes them for inference tasks remains unclear. Here, we present a synaptic plasticity mechanism to generate cell assemblies encoding the statistical structure of salient sensory events and spontaneously replay these assemblies in spiking recurrent neural networks. The plasticity mechanism installs a Hebbian-like learning rule at excitatory and inhibitory synapses to minimize mismatches in the probability structure between stimulus-evoked and internally driven activities. Our model replicates the behavioral biases of monkeys performing perceptual decision making with surprising accuracy, demonstrating how spontaneous replay of previous experiences biases cognitive behaviors.
Effect of Tank Diameter on Solids Suspension in Industrial Reactors
Authors: Iyer Devarajan Krishna , Patel Ajey Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Earlier research works have elucidated that decrease in the clearance of the Rushton Turbine (RT) impeller of the baffled reactor vessel causes a transition from double loop pattern to single loop pattern with significant reduction in the power number. We observe similar flow behaviour when the diameter of the reactor vessel is increased from the standard conditions of the reactor vessel. The mean and turbulent flow fields associated with the baffled reactor vessels of various diameter agitated using the RT impeller were analysed using the Computational Fluid Dynamics technique so as to understand the hydrodynamic reasons causing changes in the flow behaviour with increase in the diameter of the reactor vessel. The increase in the diameter of the reactor vessel generates a low pressure zone below the impeller which deflects the discharge streams and trailing vortices towards the bottom surface of the reactor vessel, causing the formation of single loop pattern. The downward propagation of trailing vortices weakens the flow separation regions behind the impeller blades; which in turn decreases the form drag and power number of the impeller. The higher magnitudes of axial velocity, vortex and turbulence activity from the impeller up to bottom surface of the reactor vessel as well as inferior entrainment of air makes the larger diameter vessel as a suitable option for the solid-liquid suspension process.
Survival and prognostic factors of managing vital cracked teeth with occlusal veneer restoration: A 1-to 2 years prospective clinical study
Authors: Wang Mengke , Hong Yingying , Hou Xiaomei , Pu Yinfei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the treatment outcomes of the cracked tooth restored using occlusal veneer.
Methods
Thirty-seven cracked tooth with normal pulp or reversible pulpitis were analyzed, and their demographic and clinical data and medical history were collected. Patients were followed-up to examine the thermal/biting sensitivity and clinical features.
Results
The maxillary first molar was the most prevalent (N = 17, 46%), and most patients could accurately locate the offending teeth (N = 32, 83.5%). The crack lines (CL) were divided into 5 types depending on tooth preparation. Within 16 months of followed-up, 2 out of 32 teeth developed pulp necrosis, resulting in a rate of 93.75%. A cracked tooth with probing depth > 6mm, number of CL on the finish line > 4, number of CL through preparation on finish line > 2 and widened periodontal ligament (PL) of the apical area were inclined to pulp necrosis after restoring the occlusal veneer. After restoration, 45.71% of the patients felt relief from thermal pain after 1 week, 71.42% after 1 month, 88.57% after 3 months, 94.28% after 6 months, and 100% after 12 months, while biting pain was 54.28%, 77.14%, 94.28%, 97.14%, and 100% cases after 1 week, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively. Probing depth > 3mm was related to thermal sensitivity, while teeth located in the mandible were correlated with biting sensitivity post-treatment. Widened PL of the apical area was related to thermal and biting sensitivity with 9–19 months followed-up period.
Conclusions
Occlusal veneer is a feasible and effective therapy for the protection of cracked tooth.
Trial registration:
The Research Ethics Committee approved this study (PKUSSIRB-202272008). While it was also registered on the webpage of Chinese Clinical Trial Registry and approved by their Institutional Review Board (ChiCTR2200057462, 13/03/2022).
Midline reservoir placement for inflatable penile implant: Initial experience
Authors: Raheem Omer , Suarez-Sarmiento Alfredo , Demzik A , Fakhoury M , Cisneros B , Brennan B , Kidd L , Huang J , Pagani R , Perito Paul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Placement of a 3-piece inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) serves as definitive treatment for erectile dysfunction, and we sought to examine an alternative reservoir placement technique using the midline approach in patients with previous pelvic surgery. We highlight and describe the authors’ initial experience of midline reservoir placement for inflatable penile prosthesis. We collected data from patients with a history of bilateral inguinal surgery, unilateral herniorrhaphy, or a pre-operative physical exam revealing bilaterally patulous inguinal rings. The midline approach was performed on all patients undergoing IPP meeting the inclusion criteria from Feb 2018 to May 2020. Both virgin and revision IPP cases included. Intraop and postop morbidities were recorded. A segmented numeric version of the visual analog scale (VAS) was utilized to reflect pain intensity directly related to the midline approach to reservoir placement. Patients were evaluated for lower urinary tract symptoms in the preoperative and postoperative setting using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). A total of 125 (2 AMS 700 and 123 Coloplast Titan) patients underwent infrapubic IPP procedures utilizing midline reservoir placement. Of the 125 midline reservoir placements, 39 were revision cases, 3 of which underwent only reservoir exchange. The VAS (VAS range 0-10) was used to assess pain within one and at four weeks of follow-up. Midline reservoir placement was associated with minimal pain at the reservoir site, with all patients reporting a score of 1 at the four week follow up. Overall pain was also assessed with the VAS. At 1 week, mean VAS score was 1.86 (median 1, range 0-7). At four weeks, the mean overall VAS score was 0.56 (median 0, range 0-6). We describe a midline IPP reservoir placement that allows the surgeon to safely and effectively access the area posterior to the abdominal wall thereby precluding device palpability, while decreasing operative time, and minimizing patient reported pain at the reservoir site.
Shcbp1 deficiency dampens chondrocyte viability and cartilage ECM homeostasis via disturbing coordination of Akt and Erk signal pathways
Authors: Sun Mengyao , Yan Jidong , Huo Xinyu , Hou Weikun , Zhao Yitong , Wu Litao , Mi Sijia , Huang Huang , Lyu Yaqi , Cai Yongsong , Zhang Fujun , Yang Xudong , Zhu Wenhua , Meng Liesu , Sun Jian , Lu Shemin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Shcbp1 is known to participate in important signaling pathways related to growth and differentiation, but its role in cartilage has not been well understood. Our previous study found that the expression of Shcbp1 in cartilage is lower in patients with osteoarthritis. Herein, we aim to explore the roles of Shcbp1 and the underlying mechanisms in cartilage development and osteoarthritis pathogenesis. To investigate the role of Shcbp1, we deleted Shcbp1 at different stages in Col2a1-CreERT2;Shcbp1f/f mice through tamoxifen injection and analyzed the resulting phenotypes. We performed destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) after the deletion and then rescued Shcbp1 by knee cavity injection with adenovirus. We evaluated the osteoarthritis, extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis, and apoptosis using histology, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL assay. We also detected Shcbp1 expression in knee joints from osteoarthritis patients and mice using immunohistochemistry. Additionally, we used molecular biology approaches to identify the downstream mechanism of Shcbp1. We found that Shcbp1 expression decreased during cartilage development. Embryonic Shcbp1 deletion caused postnatal lethality, shorter limbs, and chondrocyte malformation. Postnatal Shcbp1 deletion resulted in growth retardation, proliferation inhibition, and increased apoptosis. Mature deletion of Shcbp1 spontaneously led to osteoarthritis, and deletion of Shcbp1 in mice exacerbated osteoarthritis following DMM treatment. Importantly, local rescue of Shcbp1 ameliorated DMM-induced osteoarthritis. Shcbp1 expression was dramatically reduced in all the osteoarthritis-affected cartilage. The mechanism study showed that deletion of Shcbp1 decreased the ratio of Erk/Akt; conversely, rescue of Shcbp1 increased the ratio of Erk/Akt, similar to wild-type mice. Deletion of Shcbp1 played a detrimental role in ECM homeostasis and osteoarthritis pathogenesis by influencing the Erk and Akt signal pathways.
Fibrovascular pupillary membrane with persistent pupillary membranes initially suspected to be congenital cataract: a case report
Authors: Song Tingting , Tang Qiongyan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To report a case of fibrovascular pupillary membrane (FPM) accompanied with persistent pupillary membranes (PPM) initially misdiagnosed as congenital cataract.
Case presentation: A 6-year-old boy, with a one-year history of poor visual acuity in his left eye, was diagnosed with congenital cataract in the outpatient department. The patient was admitted and underwent surgery during which a diagnosis of FPM accompanied with PPM was made which was different from the initial suspicion of congenital cataract. In this case, the FPM presented as a small area of opacity in the center of the anterior capsule of the lens in visual axis. Due to the lack of cooperation from the child, we could not conduct a complete examination preoperatively. During surgery, the opacity in his visual axis was removed and his natural lens was preserved.
Conclusions: FPM is a relatively rare disease. Although the child may not show good cooperation, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive examination of the anterior segment to make an accurate diagnosis, differential diagnosis and surgical planning. This case aims to create awareness of this disease.