bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continental and Glacial Runoff Fingerprints in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, the Inuit Nunangat Ocean
Authors: Rogalla B. , Allen S. E. , Colombo M. , Myers P. G. , Orians K. J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRising temperatures and an acceleration of the hydrological cycle due to climate change are increasing river discharge, causing permafrost thaw, glacial melt, and a shift to a groundwater‐dominated system in the Arctic. These changes are funneled to coastal regions of the Arctic Ocean where the implications for the distributions of nutrients and biogeochemical constituents are unclear. In this study, we investigate the impact of terrestrial runoff on marine biogeochemistry in Inuit Nunangat (the Canadian Arctic Archipelago)—a key pathway for transport and modification of waters from the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic—using sensitivity experiments from 2002 to 2020 with an ocean model of manganese (Mn). The micronutrient Mn traces terrestrial runoff and the modification of geochemical constituents of runoff during transit. The heterogeneity in Arctic runoff composition creates distinct terrestrial fingerprints of influence in the ocean: continental runoff influences Mn in the southwestern Archipelago, glacial runoff dominates the northeast, and their influence co‐occurs in central Parry Channel. Glacial runoff carries micronutrients southward from Nares Strait in the late summer and may help support longer phytoplankton blooms in the Pikialasorsuaq polynya. Enhanced glacial runoff may increase micronutrients delivered downstream to Baffin Bay, accounting for up to 18% of dissolved Mn fluxes seasonally and 6% annually. These findings highlight how climate induced changes to terrestrial runoff may impact the geochemical composition of the marine environment, and will help to predict the extent of these impacts from ongoing alterations of the Arctic hydrological cycle.
Observation of critical phase transition in a generalized Aubry-André-Harper model with superconducting circuits
Authors: Li Hao , Wang Yong-Yi , Shi Yun-Hao , Huang Kaixuan , Song Xiaohui , Liang Gui-Han , Mei Zheng-Yang , Zhou Bozhen , Zhang He , Zhang Jia-Chi , Chen Shu , Zhao S. P. , Tian Ye , Yang Zhan-Ying , Xiang Zhongcheng , Xu Kai , Zheng Dongning , Fan Heng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractQuantum simulation enables study of many-body systems in non-equilibrium by mapping to a controllable quantum system, providing a powerful tool for computational intractable problems. Here, using a programmable quantum processor with a chain of 10 superconducting qubits interacted through tunable couplers, we simulate the one-dimensional generalized Aubry-André-Harper model for three different phases, i.e., extended, localized and critical phases. The properties of phase transitions and many-body dynamics are studied in the presence of quasi-periodic modulations for both off-diagonal hopping coefficients and on-site potentials of the model controlled respectively by adjusting strength of couplings and qubit frequencies. We observe the spin transport for initial single- and multi-excitation states in different phases, and characterize phase transitions by experimentally measuring dynamics of participation entropies. Our experimental results demonstrate that the recently developed tunable coupling architecture of superconducting processor extends greatly the simulation realms for a wide variety of Hamiltonians, and can be used to study various quantum and topological phenomena.
Retinal vessel architecture and geometry are not impaired in normal-tension glaucoma
Authors: Leveque Anne-Sophie , Bouisse Magali , Labarere José , Trucco Emanuele , Hogg Stephen , MacGillivray Tom , Aptel Florent , Chiquet Christophe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo investigate the associations between retinal vessel parameters and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG). We conducted a case–control study with a prospective cohort, allowing to record 23 cases of NTG. We matched NTG patient with one primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and one control per case by age, systemic hypertension, diabetes, and refraction. Central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE), central retinal venule equivalent (CRVE), Arteriole-To-Venule ratio (AVR), Fractal Dimension and tortuosity of the vascular network were measured using VAMPIRE software. Our sample consisted of 23 NTG, 23 POAG, and 23 control individuals, with a median age of 65 years (25–75th percentile, 56–74). No significant differences were observed in median values for CRAE (130.6 µm (25–75th percentile, 122.8; 137.0) for NTG, 128.4 µm (124.0; 132.9) for POAG, and 135.3 µm (123.3; 144.8) for controls, P = .23), CRVE (172.1 µm (160.0; 188.3), 172.8 µm (163.3; 181.6), and 175.9 µm (167.6; 188.4), P = .43), AVR (0.76, 0.75, 0.74, P = .71), tortuosity and fractal parameters across study groups. Vascular morphological parameters were not significantly associated with retinal nerve fiber layer thickness or mean deviation for the NTG and POAG groups. Our results suggest that vascular dysregulation in NTG does not modify the architecture and geometry of the retinal vessel network.
Optimizing growth conditions in vertical farming: enhancing lettuce and basil cultivation through the application of the Taguchi method
Authors: Farhangi Hadis , Mozafari Vahid , Roosta Hamid Reza , Shirani Hossein , Farhangi Mosen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper reports on the findings of an experimental study that investigated the impact of various environmental factors on the growth of lettuce and basil plants in vertical farms. The study employed the Taguchi method, a statistical design of experiments approach, to efficiently identify the optimal growth conditions for these crops in a hyper-controlled environment. By reducing the time and cost of designing and running experiments, this method allowed for the simultaneous investigation of multiple environmental factors that affect plant growth. A total of 27 treatments were selected using the Taguchi approach, and the signal to noise ratio was calculated to predict the optimal levels of each environmental condition for maximizing basil and lettuce growth parameters. The results showed that most of the parameters, except for EC and relative humidity for certain growth parameters, were interrelated with each other. To validate the results, confirmation tests were conducted based on the predicted optimal parameters. The low error ratio between expected and predicted values (1–3%) confirmed the effectiveness of the Taguchi approach for determining the optimal environmental conditions for plant growth in vertical farms.
Predicting surgical outcome and sagittal alignment change in patients with cervical spondylosis and degenerative kyphosis after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion
Authors: Li Shaoqing , Bai Bingqing , Li Qiang , Yuan Qian , Peng Xiangping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to forecast the risk factors of poor outcomes and postoperative loss of lordosis or recurrence of kyphosis. In this retrospective study, 101 patients with cervical spondylosis and preoperative kyphosis who underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) were enrolled, between June 2015 and June 2019. Patients were grouped according to the recovery rate of Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score whether more than 50%, and the change of postoperative cervical Cobb angle. There were 22 cases with less than 50% of recovery rate and 35 cases with the worsening of postoperative sagittal alignment (WPSA). Multivariate linear-regression analysis was conducted with the data. Advanced age (p = 0.019), longer duration of symptoms (p = 0.003) and loss of local Cobb angle (LCA) after surgery (p = 0.031) was significantly associated with a poor clinical outcome. A whole kyphosis (p = 0.009), aggravated neck pain after surgery (p = 0.012), preoperative lower thoracic 1 (T1) (p < 0.001), bigger change of C2-7 sagittal vertical axis (SVA) (p = 0.008) and adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) (p = 0.024) was significantly associated with the WPSA. Preoperative health education, nutritional support and early postoperative rehabilitation intervention, in perioperative period, were recommended for patients with advance age, longer duration of symptoms, whole cervical kyphosis and lower T1. Postoperative sagittal malalignment was related to neck pain and ASD after surgery.
Phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of microbial communities performing anaerobic ammonium and methane oxidations under different nitrogen loadings
Authors: Li Jie , Liu Tao , McIlroy Simon J , Tyson Gene W , Guo Jianhua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The microbial guild coupling anammox and nitrite/nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-DAMO) is an innovative process to achieve energy-efficient nitrogen removal with the beneficial use of methane in biogas or in anaerobically treated wastewater. Here, metagenomics and metatranscriptomics were used to reveal the microbial ecology of two biofilm systems, which incorporate anammox and n-DAMO for high-level nitrogen removal in low-strength domestic sewage and high-strength sidestream wastewater, respectively. We find that different nitrogen loadings (i.e., 0.1 vs. 1.0 kg N/m3/d) lead to different combinations of anammox bacteria and anaerobic methanotrophs (“Candidatus Methanoperedens” and “Candidatus Methylomirabilis”), which play primary roles for carbon and nitrogen transformations therein. Despite methane being the only exogenous organic carbon supplied, heterotrophic populations (e.g., Verrucomicrobiota and Bacteroidota) co-exist and actively perform partial denitrification or dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), likely using organic intermediates from the breakdown of methane and biomass as carbon sources. More importantly, two novel genomes belonging to “Ca. Methylomirabilis” are recovered, while one surprisingly expresses nitrate reductases, which we designate as “Ca. Methylomirabilis nitratireducens” representing its inferred capability in performing nitrate-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation. This finding not only suggests a previously neglected possibility of “Ca. Methylomirabilis” bacteria in performing methane-dependent nitrate reduction, and also challenges the previous understanding that the methane-dependent complete denitrification from nitrate to dinitrogen gas is carried out by the consortium of bacteria and archaea.
Evaluation of the Therapeutic Efficacy of Perceptual Learning Using the Bartimeus Training Program in the Clinic as an Additional Therapy to Glasses or Patching
Authors: Maurer Simon Gustav Arpàd , Palmowski-Wolfe Anja 
Published: April 2023

Abtract
Background The Bartimeus training program (BT) is a perceptual learning task that consists of a drawing assignment performed in 12 sessions of 30 minutes duration. Here we aim to
retrospectively assess visual improvement in children who underwent BT and in whom visual acuity had not improved by glasses or patching in relation to patient age and diagnosis.
Material and Methods Retrospective chart analysis of patients who had undergone BT at our institution after consent. Visual acuity prior to and following BT was analyzed, as were
diagnosis and age at BT.
Results Thirteen patients (20 eyes) with a mean age of 7 years (range: 3.9 – 10.75) were included. Overall acuity (LogMar) improved in 75%. Six patients aged 6.5 – 7.5 years had a
mean improvement of 1.4 lines. The greatest improvement (5 lines crowding acuity) was seen in a 9-year-old with recent onset amblyopia due to corneal scarring. Two patients aged 6 years with
deprivation amblyopia following surgery of a congenital cataract and one 5-year-old with retinitis pigmentosa did not benefit from BT.
Conclusions BT is a cheap noninvasive method that may help improve visual outcomes. Further studies with larger numbers are needed to assess optimal indication, timing, and length of
treatment.
Immunohistochemical Findings in Retrocorneal Membranes of Eyes with Corneal Decompensation after Complicated Intraocular Surgery
Authors: Gerding Heinrich , Schlageter Manuel , Zettl Andreas , Goldblum David , Tappeiner Christoph 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Retrocorneal membranes (RCMs) may result from epithelial ingrowth, stromal keratocytic downgrowth, fibrous metaplasia of the corneal endothelium, or a combination of these
processes. In an institutional case series, the clinical history, ocular findings, and immunohistochemical staining results of RCMs were analysed in patients with unilateral corneal
decompensation after complicated intraocular surgery.
Methods and Patients Between January 2021 and September 2022, six retrocorneal membranes were excised during Descemetʼs stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and
Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) procedures and classified after screening with haematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, elastic van Gieson staining, and
immunohistochemical screening with cytokeratin 7 (CK7), anti-cytokeratin (CAM5.2 and AE1/3), cell surface glycoprotein CD34, smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and vimentin.
Results On the basis of the immunohistochemical screening, the majority of excised RCMs (5 of 6) could histopathologically be classified as membranes originating from fibrous
metaplasia of the corneal endothelium. All these RCMs were positive for CK7, α-SMA, and vimentin and negative for CAM5.2 and CD34. In one patient, an RCM had developed after 18 days
of corneal contact to a free-floating dexamethasone implant in the anterior chamber and was classified as originating from stromal keratocyte downgrowth (α-SMA- and vimentin-positive,
all others negative). All eyes in this series had a previous history of complicated cataract surgery, partially with subsequent intraocular lens exchange. No eyes after previous penetrating
keratoplasty were in this series.
Conclusions In this series of eyes with previous complicated intraocular interventions (in most cases cataract surgery and revisions), the dominating RCM belonged to the type
originating from fibrous metaplasia of the corneal endothelium.
Severe Complications after Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (CXL)
Authors: Blaser Frank , Zweifel Sandrine , Wiest Maximilian Robert Justus , Bajka Anahita , Said Sadiq , Barthelmes Daniel , Muth Daniel Rudolf 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose To present a case series of rare and severe complications after corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) of keratoconus patients.
Methods Single-center descriptive case series covering the period of 2012 to 2022 at the Department of Ophthalmology at the University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
Results We present four eyes of four patients that showed severe unusual complications within the first month after CXL. Three patients had been treated with the classical
epithelium-off “Dresden” protocol. One patient had been treated with the accelerated epithelium-off protocol. One patient presented with extensive corneal edema due to rubbing the eye after
treatment. Two patients showed a bacterial infectious keratitis: one due to Streptococcus pneumoniae and the other due to Staphylococcus hominis, Micrococcus luteus, and
Streptococcus epidermidis. The latter of the two patients exhibited extensive infectious crystalline keratopathy. The fourth patient showed a severe ulcerative lesion where no
infectious cause could be found. Therefore, an autoimmune keratolytic process had to be suspected. Apart from the corneal edema, which resolved ad integrum, the other complications
resulted in permanent corneal scarring and thinning. One patient needed an emergency amniotic transplant.
Conclusion Severe complications after CXL remain rare. Most common causes are complications that are not directly associated with the treatment as such. Those indirect complications
occur after the treatment during the healing course of the epithelium. Associations with bandage contact lenses, topical steroids, atopic disease, and inappropriate patient behavior are
often suspected. Correctly performed corneal scrapings with repeated microbiological analysis and a detailed patient history are essential for establishing the correct diagnosis, especially
in complicated cases that do not respond to a standard therapeutic regimen. This case series supports the efforts that are currently taken to improve the CXL technique in a way that
postoperative complications are further reduced. A more efficient epithelium-on technique might be a step in that direction.
Didn’t she say to you, “Oh my God! In Pafos?”
Authors: Fotiou Constantina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study examines the linguistic and discursive format as well as the functions of hypothetical quotations in
everyday, informal conversations amongst Greek Cypriot friends. Drawing from a dataset of 270 minutes of naturally-occurring
conversations, this study documents the linguistic format of sixty-one hypothetical quotations and examines why speakers resort to
formulating such quotations to begin with. To do so, Goffman’s (1981) work on footing
and participation framework is employed along with an analysis of these quotations in interaction following the work of Goodwin (2007). This study shows that most instances of hypothetical quotations are
formulated as direct quotations. There can be both self- and other-quotations, and the quotative can take various forms.
Hypothetical quotations serve an array of discursive functions, such as showing the listener’s involvement in an interaction,
creating humour, supporting one’s argument or refuting the argument of the other, in line with other studies in the
literature.
Transformation of bonds and redistribution of partial states of valence electrons at α(С23)-WGe
2
→β(С11
b

)-WGe
2 high-pressure polymorphic transformation
Authors: Zaulychnyy Ya , Bolen E , Karpets M , Petrovska S , Khyzhun O , Deligoz E , Ozisik H 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The electronic properties and phase transition of β(C11b)-WGe2 and α(C23)-WGe2 phases were investigated via x-ray emission spectroscopy method and first-principles calculations. The analysis of the comparison of the partial energy distributions of the valence electrons of the β(C11b)-WGe2 and α(C23)-WGe2 phases was also studied. The transformation of interatomic bonds during the polymorphic transition α(C23)-WGe2→β(C11b)-WGe2 under comprehensive compression was proposed. The first-principles calculations showed that the phase transition from the α(C23)-WGe2 phase to the β(C11b)-WGe2 phase occurs under high pressure. Furthermore, the electronic structure calculations indicate that the considered phases are metallic in nature. The results have revealed that the fine-structure peculiarities of the WLβ
5- and GeKβ
2-emission bands match well with the main peaks of the partial densities of the W d- and Ge p- electronic states for the both phases.
Confinement and null-source collision in a particular 4-dimensional third-order Lovelock gravity
Authors: Mazharimousavi S Habib , Halilsoy M , Hsieh Chia-Li 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Recently the 4-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet (GB) theory has been extended by introducing a new parameter of the form

α

D
−
4

where α is a nonzero real parameter. The idea also has been extended to higher-order pure Lovelock theory by rescaling the parameter in a similar manner. In a particular third-order Lovelock spacetime we investigate particle confinement, the absence of flat rotation curves, and the possible collision of null sources that gives rise locally to such a static spacetime.
Development of a flexible piezoelectric and triboelectric energy harvester with piezo capacitive sensing ability from barium tungstate nanorod-dispersed PVDF nanofabrics
Authors: Ekbote Govind S , Khalifa Mohammed , Venkatesa Perumal B , Anandhan S 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Lead-free flexible piezoelectric nanogenerator (PNG) and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) are sought after due to their ability to produce electricity by harnessing wasteful mechanical energy. A comprehensive understanding of additives and processing techniques is crucial for fine-tuning the performance of such energy systems. We have investigated in detail the effect of the addition of reverse microemulsion synthesized barium tungstate nanorods (BWN) on morphology, crystallinity, polymorphism of electrospun nanofabrics of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). The electroactive phase content of the nanofabrics was enhanced upon the addition of BWN and the highest electroactive phase content of 86.5% was observed in the nanofabric containing 3 wt% of BWN. The dielectric constant of the nanofabric containing 5 wt% BWN was ∼1.96 times higher than that of pristine electrospun PVDF nanofabric (EPVDF). The ratio of relative change in the capacitance to initial capacitance of the sensor fabricated from the same system was ∼4 times greater than that of EPVDF. Consequently, its piezoelectric and triboelectric performances were improved. The PNG fabricated using the nanofabric containing 3 wt% BWN produced the highest open-circuit voltage of 8 V under an applied load of 8 N. A TENG made using the same system was able to produce a voltage output of 200 V, which was 1.77 times as high as that of EPVDF under one-finger tapping in contact-separation mode. The same composite nanofabric produced piezoelectric and triboelectric power densities of 4.3 µW cm−2 and 646 µW cm−2, respectively. The TENG was able to light 40 LEDs under one finger tapping. Fluttering-driven TENG fabricated using the aforementioned nanofabric was able to produce a triboelectric voltage of 84 V at a wind speed of 7 m s−1. Overall, these nanofabrics could be a potential material for energy harvesting devices for powering wearable devices, environmental sensors, and internet of things.
An Examination of Visual Quality of Life and Functional Vision Among Collision and Non-Collision Athletes Over a Competitive Season
Authors: Kelly Jon T , Wilkes James R , Slobounov Semyon M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
Repetitive head impacts (RHIs) experienced during sports are gaining attention due to potential long-term neurological dysfunction, absent of a diagnosed concussion. One area susceptible to dysfunction is vision. The goal of this study was to evaluate changes in visual quality of life (VQOL) and functional vision scores from pre- to post-season among collision and non-collision athletes.

Methods
The Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 and Neuro-Ophthalmic Supplement (NOS), as well as functional vision testing (Mobile Universal Lexicon Evaluation System – MULES) were completed pre- and post-season by three groups: collision athletes, non-collision athletes, and minimally active controls (MACs).

Results
There were 42 participants, with 41 (21 male, 20 female) completing both testing sessions, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 21 (2.46) years (collision group, n = 14; non-collision group, n = 13, MACs, n = 14). Baseline analyses revealed no significant differences between groups for VQOL or MULES scores. However, those with a family history of psychiatric disorder scored significantly worse on NOS. Post-season/follow-up testing revealed no significant differences between groups for VQOL scores. Non-collision athletes significantly improved on the MULES test by 2.46 ± 3.60 (SD) s (35.0 [95% confidence interval, 0.29–4.63]; p = .03). Change score results from pre- to post-season were not significant.

Conclusion
Although the groups were not significantly different from one another, non-collision athletes significantly improved MULES scores, whereas collision athletes performed the worst, suggesting exposure to RHIs may impact functional vision. Thus, further evaluation of RHIs and their impact on vision is warranted.