bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the radiation contamination of large areas using advanced technologies
Authors: Petrányi János , Zsitnyányi Attila , Jónás Jácint , Garai Zoltán , Kátai-Urbán Lajos , Vass Gyula 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Military, disaster management and in many cases civilian tasks include surveying of a given section of terrain that is likely to be contaminated with radioactive materials. Such a measurement series can form the basis for the complete recultivation and decontamination of large areas. This survey can take place after an emergency situation. This paper will use concrete surveys to illustrate the efficiency of new measurement technologies and developments. All these technologies aim to carry out radiation reconnaissance tasks as quickly and accurately as possible. Different hot spots were found during on-foot radiation reconnaissance. During in-situ measurements, a Bayesian-based isotope identifying algorithm was used and the measured data were validated with results from gamma spectroscopy in the laboratory. A rapid on-site quantitative analysis was also performed by evaluating the samples taken next to the hot spots. In addition to the measurement, the data were generated and stored in a standard N42 format ideal for data exchange. Many issues were solved like how the measurement data are associated with relevant additional information (e.g. time and coordinate), and how the measurement results can be shared with other partner organisations. Another important consideration was the preparation of the team conducting the measurement. The total cost of the survey was significantly reduced by the fact that the measurement was manageable by one technician and one expert. A quality assurance system had to be established to meet all relevant standards and strict documentation requirements. In addition to operating at high background radiation, these measurements presented additional challenges due to the low activity of hidden and mixed radioactive sources.
Night-to-night reliability and agreement of obstructive sleep apnea pathophysiologic mechanisms estimated with phenotyping using polysomnography in cognitively normal elderly participants
Authors: Tolbert Thomas M , Schoenholz Reagan L , Parekh Ankit , Berkalieva Asem , Osorio Ricardo S , Ayappa Indu , Rapoport David M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Phenotyping using polysomnography (PUP) is an algorithmic method to quantify physiologic mechanisms underlying obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): loop gain (LG1), arousal threshold (ArTH), and upper airway collapsibility (Vpassive) and muscular compensation (Vcomp). The consecutive-night test–retest reliability and agreement of PUP-derived estimates are unknown. From a cohort of elderly (age ≥55 years), largely non-sleepy, community-dwelling volunteers who underwent in-lab polysomnography (PSG) on 2 consecutive nights, we determined the test–retest reliability and agreement of PUP-estimated physiologic factors.

Methods
Participants who had an apnea–hypopnea index (AHI3A) of at least 15 events per hour on the first night were included. PUP analyses were performed on each of the two PSGs from each participant. Physiologic factor estimates were derived from NREM sleep and compared across nights using intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability and smallest real differences (SRD) for agreement.

Results
Two PSGs from each of 43 participants (86 total) were analyzed. A first-night effect was evident with increased sleep time and stability and decreased OSA severity on the second night. LG1, ArTH, and Vpassive demonstrated good reliability (ICC &gt; 0.80). Vcomp had modest reliability (ICC = 0.67). For all physiologic factors, SRD values were approximately 20% or more of the observed ranges, suggesting limited agreement of longitudinal measurements for a given individual.

Conclusions
For NREM sleep in cognitively normal elderly individuals with OSA, PUP-estimated LG1, ArTH, and Vpassive demonstrated consistent relative ranking of individuals (good reliability) on short-term repeat measurement. For all physiologic factors, longitudinal measurements demonstrated substantial intraindividual variability across nights (limited agreement).
Pediatric sleep: current knowledge, gaps, and opportunities for the future
Authors: Reynolds Alexandria M , Spaeth Andrea M , Hale Lauren , Williamson Ariel A , LeBourgeois Monique K , Wong Sachi D , Hartstein Lauren E , Levenson Jessica C , Kwon Misol , Hart Chantelle N , Greer Ashley , Richardson Cele E , Gradisar Michael , Clementi Michelle A , Simon Stacey L , Reuter-Yuill Lilith M , Picchietti Daniel L , Wild Salome , Tarokh Leila , Sexton-Radek Kathy , Malow Beth A , Lenker Kristina P , Calhoun Susan L , Johnson Dayna A , Lewin Daniel , Carskadon Mary A 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis White Paper addresses the current gaps in knowledge, as well as opportunities for future studies in pediatric sleep. The Sleep Research Society’s Pipeline Development Committee assembled a panel of experts tasked to provide information to those interested in learning more about the field of pediatric sleep, including trainees. We cover the scope of pediatric sleep, including epidemiological studies and the development of sleep and circadian rhythms in early childhood and adolescence. Additionally, we discuss current knowledge of insufficient sleep and circadian disruption, addressing the neuropsychological impact (affective functioning) and cardiometabolic consequences. A significant portion of this White Paper explores pediatric sleep disorders (including circadian rhythm disorders, insomnia, restless leg and periodic limb movement disorder, narcolepsy, and sleep apnea), as well as sleep and neurodevelopment disorders (e.g. autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Finally, we end with a discussion on sleep and public health policy. Although we have made strides in our knowledge of pediatric sleep, it is imperative that we address the gaps to the best of our knowledge and the pitfalls of our methodologies. For example, more work needs to be done to assess pediatric sleep using objective methodologies (i.e. actigraphy and polysomnography), to explore sleep disparities, to improve accessibility to evidence-based treatments, and to identify potential risks and protective markers of disorders in children. Expanding trainee exposure to pediatric sleep and elucidating future directions for study will significantly improve the future of the field.
Alterations of pain pathways by experimental sleep disturbances in humans: central pain-inhibitory, cyclooxygenase, and endocannabinoid pathways
Authors: Haack Monika , Engert Larissa C , Besedovsky Luciana , Goldstein Michael R , Devine Jaime K , Dang Rammy , Olia Keeyon , Molina Victoria , Bertisch Suzanne M , Sethna Navil , Simpson Norah 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
There is strong evidence that sleep disturbances are an independent risk factor for the development of chronic pain conditions. The mechanisms underlying this association, however, are still not well understood. We examined the effect of experimental sleep disturbances (ESDs) on three pathways involved in pain initiation/resolution: (1) the central pain-inhibitory pathway, (2) the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway, and (3) the endocannabinoid (eCB) pathway.

Methods
Twenty-four healthy participants (50% females) underwent two 19-day long in-laboratory protocols in randomized order: (1) an ESD protocol consisting of repeated nights of short and disrupted sleep with intermittent recovery sleep; and (2) a sleep control protocol consisting of nights with an 8-hour sleep opportunity. Pain inhibition (conditioned pain modulation, habituation to repeated pain), COX-2 expression at monocyte level (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]-stimulated and spontaneous), and eCBs (arachidonoylethanolamine, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, docosahexaenoylethanolamide [DHEA], eicosapentaenoylethanolamide, docosatetraenoylethanolamide) were measured every other day throughout the protocol.

Results
The central pain-inhibitory pathway was compromised by sleep disturbances in females, but not in males (p &lt; 0.05 condition × sex effect). The COX-2 pathway (LPS-stimulated) was activated by sleep disturbances (p &lt; 0.05 condition effect), and this effect was exclusively driven by males (p &lt; 0.05 condition × sex effect). With respect to the eCB pathway, DHEA was higher (p &lt; 0.05 condition effect) in the sleep disturbance compared to the control condition, without sex-differential effects on any eCBs.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that central pain-inhibitory and COX mechanisms through which sleep disturbances may contribute to chronic pain risk are sex specific, implicating the need for sex-differential therapeutic targets to effectively reduce chronic pain associated with sleep disturbances in both sexes.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT02484742: Pain Sensitization and Habituation in a Model of Experimentally-induced Insomnia Symptoms. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02484742.
L’appréciation du risque de confusion à l’épreuve du principe de la territorialité des droits de propriété industrielle dans l’espace OAPI
Authors: Bello Ibrahim 
Published: March 2023

Résumé
La délimitation du cadre géographique dans lequel le risque de confusion s’apprécie est consubstantielle de la protection des droits querellés dans ledit cadre. C’est l’application du principe de la territorialité des droits qui veut qu’un droit n’est garanti que dans les limites du territoire du pays dans lequel la protection a été acquise. Dès lors, il était récurrent que des personnes exploitant des marques se trouvent démunies de tout argument dans les pays où celles – ci avaient été abusivement déposées. L’application difficultueuse de ce principe a donné l’occasion à une doctrine relativement majoritaire d’envisager la consécration d’un autre principe à savoir celui de l’universalité. Cette règle suggère que, l’acquisition de droits sur la marque, par voie de dépôt ou d’usage dans un pays donné interdit à un tiers de s’approprier une telle marque dans le pays appliquant ce principe. Cette théorie a un inconvénient majeur qui réside dans la difficulté pratique d’effectuer les recherches internationales avant tout dépôt de marques. Acquis sous une législation consacrant l’universalité, le droit de propriété sur la marque souffrait donc d’une certaine fragilité. La solution semble avoir été trouvée en droit communautaire par la consécration de la supranationalité des droits de propriété industrielle. Cette consécration quoique très controversée a été réalisé en droit OAPI car on observe une survivance des titres nationaux à cotés desquels les droits nationaux demeurent valides. Sur ce point nous préconisons l’application du principe de la supranationalité selon le modèle de l’Union Européenne au sein de laquelle un droit est protégé indifféremment de l’Etat de l’Union dans lequel il a été acquis. Ce qui permet d’appréhender efficacement tout risque de confusion. Le juge camerounais, quant à lui, a déjà amorcé ce revirement dans une décision qui, nous l’espérons ne restera pas sans échos.
Radon-222 and Leukemia
Authors: Harley Naomi H. , Leslie Lori A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Leukemia was the first medically observed human cancer related to ionizing radiation in the 1945 follow-up study of atomic bomb survivors. The bone exposure and dose calculated here are based on the measured solubility of the noble gas 222Rn in blood. A fraction of the 222Rn gas in blood distributes as dissolved gas to all organs, with the fraction depending upon the blood flow rate to the organ. The exposure and dose calculated are for men and women based on measurements made for the blood flow rate to the femur, the largest bone in the human skeleton. The annual exposure and dose estimated for continuous 222Rn inhalation of 100 Bq m−3 are very low and unlikely to cause leukemia. Other neurological issues, from lifetime exposure to low activity concentrations of 222Rn alpha particle exposure in bone, are unknown.
Investigation of the Role of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies on Depressive Symptoms in Mothers of Children Given A Diagnosis of Cancer
Authors: Tör Nurdağ Fazilet , Şengün Ïnan Figen 
Published: March 2023

Background
The role of cognitive emotion regulation on depressive symptoms in mothers of children given a diagnosis of cancer is not yet well understood.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on depressive symptoms in mothers of children with cancer.

Methods
This study was conducted with a cross-sectional correlational design. The study included 129 participants. Participants completed the sociodemographic characteristics form, Beck Depression Inventory, and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. Hierarchical regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of cognitive emotion regulation strategies on depressive symptoms.

Results
Hierarchical multiple regression revealed that depressive symptoms were independently associated with self-blame (β = 0.279, P = .001) and catastrophizing (β = 0.244, P = .003) after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics of mothers. Emotion regulation strategies explained approximately 39.9% of the variance in depressive symptoms.

Conclusion
The results of the study indicate that more frequent engagement of self-blame and catastrophizing were associated with more depressive symptoms.

Implications for Practice
Nurses should screen mothers of children with cancer for depressive symptoms and identify mothers of children with cancer who use maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, such as self-blame and catastrophizing, as a risk group. Furthermore, nurses need to be involved in developing psychosocial interventions including adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies to help mothers coping with adverse emotions during a childhood cancer journey.
Symptom Patterning Across the Cancer Care Trajectory for Patients Receiving Chemoradiation for Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Dunnack Yackel Hayley , Xu Wanli , Lee Jung Wun , Cong Xiaomei , Salner Andrew , Duffy Valerie B. , Judge Michelle P. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) experience a multitude of symptoms because of the tumor and its treatment.

Objective
To identify the symptom patterns present in cancer treatment and survivorship periods for patients with HNC using latent class analysis.

Methods
A retrospective longitudinal chart review was conducted to examine symptoms reported by patients who received concurrent chemoradiation for HNC in a regional Northeastern United States cancer institute. Latent class analysis was performed to identify the latent classes present across multiple timepoints during treatment and survivorship for the most commonly reported symptoms.

Results
In 275 patients with HNC, the latent transition analysis revealed 3 latent classes for both treatment and survivorship periods: (1) mild, (2) moderate, and (3) severe symptoms. Patients were more likely to report a greater number of symptoms in a more severe latent class. During treatment, moderate and severe classes had representation of all most common symptoms: pain, mucositis, taste alterations, xerostomia, dysphagia, and fatigue. Different symptom patterns emerged for survivorship, with prominence of taste alterations and xerostomia across all classes, and all symptoms present in the severe class. The probability of symptom expression varied more in the survivorship period compared with the treatment period.

Conclusions
Patients reported numerous symptoms during active treatment persisting into survivorship. Patients tended to transition to more severe symptomatology as treatment progressed and to more moderate symptomatology as survivorship evolved.

Implications for Practice
Examining the trend of persistent moderate symptomatology into survivorship is useful to optimize symptom management.
Dementias Among Older Males and Females in the U.S. Medicare System With and Without HIV
Authors: Yu Xiaoying , Kuo Yong-Fang , Raji Mukaila A. , Berenson Abbey B. , Baillargeon Jacques , Giordano Thomas P. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Despite the growing concern that people with HIV (PWH) will experience a disproportionate burden of dementia as they age, very few studies have examined the sex-specific prevalence of dementia, including Alzheimer disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) among older PWH versus people without HIV (PWOH) using large national samples.

Methods:
We constructed successive cross-sectional cohorts including all PWH aged 65+ years from U.S. Medicare enrollees and PWOH in a 5% national sample of Medicare data from 2007 to 2019. All AD/ADRD cases were identified by ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes. Prevalence of AD/ADRD was calculated for each calendar year by sex–age strata. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess factors associated with dementia and calculate the adjusted prevalence.

Results:
PWH had a higher prevalence of AD/ADRD, which increased over time compared with PWOH, especially among female beneficiaries and with increasing age. For example, among those aged 80+ years, the prevalence increased from 2007 to 2019 (females with HIV: 31.4%–44.1%; females without HIV: 27.4%–29.9%; males with HIV: 26.2%–33.3%; males without HIV: 21.0%–23.5%). After adjustment for demographics and comorbidities, the differences in dementia burden by HIV status remained, especially among older age groups.

Conclusions:
Older Medicare enrollees with HIV had an increased dementia burden over time compared with those without HIV, especially women and older subjects. This underscores the need to develop tailored clinical practice guidelines that facilitate the integration of dementia and comorbidity screening, evaluation, and management into the routine primary care of aging PWH.
Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease Among Predominantly Black Gout Patients
Authors: Chandrakumar Harshith Priyan , Puskoor Anoop Venkat , Chillumuntala Seeta , Sharif Sara , Mora Diego Cepeda , Gupta Tanuj , Tadayoni Ashkan , Zonnoor Seyedeh Leila , Celiker Pelin , Yakoubovitch Stephanie , Tsai Andrew , Chiu Courtney , Kazi Anan , Freilich Michael , Saleh Ahmad , Moon Seung Jae , Cruickshank Kingsley , Li Shuojohn , Katz Julie , Eichler Joanna , Salciccioli Louis , McFarlane Isabel M. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
Although the association between gout and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been extensively studied, scarce data are available for the Black population. We aimed to assess the association between gout and CVD in a predominantly Black urban population with gout.

Methods
A cross-sectional analysis was performed between a gout cohort and an age-/sex-matched control group. Clinical parameters and 2D echocardiograms were reviewed for the patients with gout and heart failure (HF). The primary outcome studied includes the prevalence and strength of association between gout and CVD. Secondary outcomes studied includes strength of association of gout and HF categorized by ejection fraction, mortality, and HF readmissions.

Results
Four hundred seventy-one patients with gout had a mean age of 63.7 ± 0.5 years; 89% were Black, 63% were men, and mean body mass index was 31.3 ± 0.4 kg/m2. Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were present in 89%, 46%, and 52%, respectively. Compared with controls, patients with gout had significantly higher rates of angina, arrhythmia, coronary artery disease/stents, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, cerebrovascular accident, and peripheral vascular disease. The adjusted odds ratio for CVD was 2.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.9–4.5; p < 0.001). Gout patients had a higher prevalence of HF with 45% (n = 212) compared with controls with 9.4% (n = 44). Adjusted odds ratio for HF risk was 7.1 (95% confidence interval, 4.7–10.6; p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Gout in a predominantly Black population confers 3 times the CVD risk and 7 times HF-specific risk compared with age- and sex-matched cohort. Further research is needed to confirm our findings and to develop interventions to reduce morbidity associated with gout.
Frequency of Helicobacter pylori in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Whose Methotrexate Was Stopped Due to Gastrointestinal Intolerance
Authors: Aydemir Guloksuz Emine Gozde , Sezer Serdar , Yayla Mucteba Enes , Sahin Eroglu Didem , Uslu Yurteri Emine , Kelesoglu Dincer Ayse Bahar , Torgutalp Murat , Yuksel Mehmet Levent , Okatan Ilyas Ercan , Gumussoy Mesut , Yilmaz Recep , Ilbay Ahmet , Soykan Arif Irfan , Ates Askin , Turgay Tahsin Murat , Kinikli Gulay 
Published: March 2023

Objective
The aims of this study were to compare the frequency of Helicobacter pylori between patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with and without methotrexate (MTX)–related gastrointestinal system (GIS) intolerance, and to demonstrate the associated factors with such intolerance.

Methods
The data of 9756 patients with RA who presented between January 2011 and December 2020 were evaluated. Methotrexate-related GIS intolerance was defined as the discontinuation of MTX owing to the dyspeptic symptoms despite supportive measures and was detected in 1742 (31.3%) patients among 5572 MTX users. A total of 390 patients with and without intolerance who had at least 1 gastroscopic evaluation were included in the final analyses. The demographic, clinical, laboratory, and pathologic characteristics of patients with and without MTX-related GIS intolerance were compared. To determine the associated factors with MTX-related GIS intolerance, logistic regression analysis was performed.

Results
Of 390 patients, 160 (41.0%) patients had MTX-related GIS intolerance. According to the pathology results, the presence of H. pylori, inflammation, and activity were significantly higher in patients with MTX-related GIS intolerance (p < 0.001 for each comparison). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, the use of biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) or targeted synthetic DMARDs was found to be an independently associated factor for MTX-related GIS intolerance (odds ratio [OR], 3.03 for model 1; OR, 3.02 for model 2) in addition to H. pylori presence (OR, 9.13 for model 1; OR, 5.71 for model 2).

Conclusions
In this study, we found that the presence of H. pylori and the use of biologic or targeted synthetic DMARDs were associated with MTX-related GIS intolerance.