bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An approach for restoration of the water quality with emphasis on the removal of organochlorine pesticides and eutrophic conditions in tropical rivers
Authors: Márquez‐Romance Adriana , Freytez‐Boggio Estefania , Maldonado‐Maldonado Julio , Cárdenas‐Izaguirre Samuel , Pérez‐Rodríguez Manuel , Luque‐Mirabal Oswaldo , Guevara‐Pérez Edilberto , Pérez‐Pacheco Sergio , Buroz‐Castillo Eduardo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis work deals with an approach for the water quality restoration with emphasis on the removal of organochlorine pesticides and eutrophic conditions in tropical rivers, causing influence on the management of the central‐regional aqueduct, as a source of water supply for human consumption (4 million people) and industrial production in the states of Carabobo, Cojedes and Aragua, Venezuela, testing the phytoremediation techniques through Vetiveria zizanioides (VZ) species and coupled bioreactors, Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) followed by an Upflow Anaerobic Filter in Three Separate Stages (UAF‐3SS). Five rivers are involved known as Chirgua, Paito Guacara, Ereigüe, and Tucutunemo, whose waters have been classified as hypereutrophic, and containing organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). As a sample, for Tucutunemo River, OCPs included to DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) and its isomers and DRINs (Aldrin, Endrin and Dieldrin) dissolved in water and sorbed on sediments, which were measured during the dry and rainy seasons in the period 2013 to 2016, in three monitoring stations distributed in a reach of 15 km. The results indicated that p.p′‐DDT concentration dissolved in water was increased up to 10 times from rainy to dry seasons, indicating that a permanent use of it is being carried out by farmers in the agricultural activity development. Steady concentrations of the DTT isomers (e.g., p.p′‐DDD and p.p′‐DDE) and Aldrin isomers (e.g., Dieldrin) demonstrated that the anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation processes occurred along the river and between climatic seasons. At experimental scale, VZ hydroponic system developed over a period of 6 months for the removal of nutrients demonstrated moderately low to high removal efficiencies. With respect coupled bioreactors, each bioreactor has been experimentally tested, demonstrating satisfactory performance in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal from industrial wastewater containing recalcitrant and inhibitory substances (46%–98%), which was estimated in the influent ranging from 3500 to 5500 mg/L, evidencing that coupling of bioreactors might lead to a effluent COD complying with environmental regulations.
Sentiment analysis using fuzzy logic: A comprehensive literature review
Authors: Vashishtha Srishti , Gupta Vedika , Mittal Mamta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding and comprehending humans' views, beliefs, attitudes, or opinions toward a particular entity is sentiment analysis (SA). Advancements in e‐commerce platforms has led to an abundance of the real‐time and free forms of opinions floating on social media platforms. This real‐world data are imprecise and vague hence fuzzy logic is required to deal with such subjective data. Since opinions can be fuzzy in nature and definitions of opinion words can be elucidated differently; fuzzy logic has witnessed itself as an effective method to capture the expression of opinions. The study presents an elaborate review of the around 170 published research works for SA using fuzzy logic. The primary emphasis is focused on text‐based SA, audio‐based SA, and fusion of text‐audio features‐based SA. This article discusses the various novel ways of classifying fuzzy logic‐based SA research articles, which have not been accomplished by any other review article till date. The article puts forward the importance of SA tasks and identifies how fuzzy logic adds to this importance. Finally, the article outlines a taxonomy for sentiment classification based on the technique‐supervised and unsupervised in the SA models and comprehensively reviews the SA approaches specific to their task. Prominently, this study highlights the suitability of fuzzy‐based SA approaches into five different classes vis‐a‐vis (a) Sentiment Cognition from Words using fuzzy logic, (b) Sentiment Cognition from Phrases using fuzzy logic, (c) Fuzzy‐rule based SA, (d) Neuro‐fuzzy network‐based SA, and (e) Fuzzy Emotion Recognition.This article is categorized under:Algorithmic Development > Text MiningFundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Motivation and Emergence of Data Mining
Failure Where Alignment is Lacking: Type 26 Frigate Procurement Processes in Australia Versus Canada, 1990–2022
Authors: Migone Andrea , Howlett Alexander , Howlett Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this chapter we take a broader look at large-scale naval procurement than is usually done by defence or policy analysis in isolation, focussing on the planned purchases of the British BAE Systems’Type 26frigate by both Canada and Australia. We argue that successful procurement/implementation in naval procurement in general requires the existence of (1) a clear naval doctrine that supports a rational for the procurement of a particular weapon system and (2) the acceptance on the part of the government of that doctrine along with a commitment to ensuring strategic alignment with it. If these two areas are aligned, as they were in Australia, procurement should proceed relatively smoothly, but issues can emerge if the doctrine is missing or unclear and/or if the government disagrees with the doctrine put forward by the military, and prioritizes purchases in other areas or services, as occurred in Canada.
Conclusion: Lessons from Military Procurement for Procurement Studies
Authors: Migone Andrea , Howlett Alexander , Howlett Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProcurement is a hugely important but understudied aspect of public policy-making, broaching the borders between it and cognate fields such as public administration and, in the case of defence procurement between public policy studies writ large and areas such as war and defence studies. The military field, however, provides an excellent set of empirical cases for the examination of some of the most problematic types of procurement—those involving large, multi-year purchases, such as the construction of megaprojects like hydroelectric dams and nuclear power stations, which share the same characteristics as do the acquisition of large complex weapon systems like warships and aircraft. This book represents an effort to bring together the insights of different fields from public management to defence studies in order to shed light on the background of some of the largest procurement projects in Canadian and Australian history, and also to advance thinking and research on the subject of procurement more generally.
Some Basic Concepts and Systems
Authors: Zhang Chenyang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBefore we start to explore specific aspects and procedures of civil litigation in China, it is necessary to look through some basic concepts and systems under the Chinese law first. This chapter will cover such aspects as China’s 4-level court system, how many instances will a civil case go through, how cases are numbered and what information does the case number reveal, what is cause of action and its functions, how much court fee do the parties need to pay, and an overview of the whole process of civil litigation in China. At last, a brief introduction to Chinese lawyers’ role and function is presented as well. We hope this chapter could help readers build a framework of China’s civil litigation system and go through other sections of this book more efficiently.
Enforcement
Authors: Zhang Chenyang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn China, if the losing party does not take the initiative to satisfy an effective court judgment, arbitral award and other legal documents, the winning party may apply to the court for enforcement. Then the court may deduct the deposit and/or auction the property of the losing party and use the money/proceeds obtained therefrom to repay the winning party. However, this enforcement power is exclusively vested in the court, and the winning party cannot seize and/or dispose of the property of the losing party on its own. Due to the large number of enforcement cases, the difficulty in tracking down enforceable property and the insufficient punishment against dishonest judgment debtors, China has been plagued by the “difficulty in enforcement” for a long time. In China, the main reason for the “difficulty in enforcement” is that it is difficult to track down the enforceable property of the party subject to enforcement. In order to resolve this problem, Chinese courts have vigorously promoted the information system interconnection between different government departments, which has greatly improved the efficiency of tracking down and/or freezing the property of the party subject to enforcement through the information network system. Another reason for the “difficulty in enforcement” is that it is difficult to sell off non-cash properties. Chinese courts have carried out judicial auctions through the Internet, which has greatly improved the deal closing rate and increased the transaction price of the property auctioned, and greatly improved the possibility of the applicant being compensated. Other than the above approaches, Chinese courts may also impose various restrictions and punishments on dishonest judgment debtors. There are various restrictions and punishments and the implementation thereof depends on the interconnection of different information network systems. If the circumstances in which the party subject to enforcement evades or resists enforcement are serious, the Chinese court may also hold it criminally responsible. In addition, being a contracting state to the United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (hereinafter referred to as the “New York Convention”), China has been holding a quite friendly attitude towards the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards. In practice, most foreign arbitral awards can be recognized and enforced in China. Compared with the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards, there are more requirements and preconditions for the recognition and enforcement of foreign court judgments. Nevertheless, China is now relaxing these requirements and preconditions, and more and more foreign court judgments are being recognized and enforced. With continuous efforts of relevant departments, the enforcement conducted by Chinese courts is getting increasingly effective. We firmly believe that Chinese courts can further improve the enforcement effectiveness as day goes by.
Service of Court Documents
Authors: Zhang Chenyang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe court documents will be served after the determination of adjudicatory personnel. In China, the service of court documents is effected by the court, with necessary assistance from the party if needed. Chinese courts may serve court documents by personal service, service by mail and the like. In practice, service by mail is the preferred method of service among most Chinese courts. However, to improve the efficiency of service, Chinese courts are now actively trying electronic service. If court documents cannot be served by the foregoing means, the court may also resort to service by publication. Due to fast and widespread population migration and intentional evasion of the service of court documents, Chinese courts are facing “difficulty in effecting service of court documents” to a certain extent, which in turn upsets the litigation efficiency. To solve this problem, Chinese courts have taken various measures, which significantly improve the efficiency of service. If the defendant is a foreign party without domicile in China, the Chinese court may serve court documents on its designated personnel or organization in China. In the absence of such personnel or organization, Chinese courts usually serve court documents in accordance with international treaties such as the Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters (hereinafter referred to as the “Hague Service Convention”). To the extent permitted by the internal law of the state of the person to be served, Chinese courts may also serve court documents by mail and electronic means. Anyway, service by publication still remains the last resort for service of court documents of Chinese courts. As a contracting state to the Hague Service Convention, China is obligated to assist foreign courts in service of court documents in accordance therewith. For this purpose, Chinese courts have also stipulated a clear process for assisting foreign courts in service of court documents. If there are bilateral treaties between China and other contracting states to the Hague Service Convention, there will be some flexibilities in the application of either the Hague Service Convention or bilateral treaties.
Cutting the Coon amplitude
Authors: Jepsen Christian Baadsgaard 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Coon amplitude is a q-deformed generalization of the Veneziano amplitude exhibiting a semi-infinite sequence of poles that converge on an accumulation point, from which a branch cut emerges. A number of recent papers have provided compelling evidence that the residues of this amplitude satisfy the positivity requirements imposed by unitarity. This paper investigates whether positivity is also satisfied along the branch cut. It is demonstrated for a wide range of q-values that positivity violations occur in a region of the branch cut exponentially close to the accumulation point according to a scale set by q. The closing section of the paper discusses possible interpretations of this fact and strategies for excising negativity from the partial wave coefficients.An appendix presents derivations of instrumental identities relating the q-gamma and q-polygamma functions to the Weierstrass elliptic and quasiperiodic functions.
Nachhaltigkeit in der Intensiv- und Notfallversorgung
Authors: Garcia Borrega Jorge , Hermes Carsten , König Victoria , Kitz Valery , Möller Sverrir , Stark Dominik , Janssens Uwe , Mager David , Kochanek Matthias 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf den Menschen sind bekannt. Das Gesundheitssystem trägt je nach Land mit zwischen 5 % und 7 % der Treibhausgasemissionen auch selbst einen relevanten Anteil dazu bei und eine Anpassung zu einem nachhaltigeren Arbeiten ist nötig.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Umfrage untersucht, ob Nachhaltigkeit im Krankenhaus und speziell im Bereich der Notfall- und Intensivversorgung eine Rolle spielt. Erfragt wurden auch konkrete Maßnahmen zur Nachhaltigkeit und welche Hürden vorhanden sind.

Material und Methoden
Die AG Nachhaltigkeit der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Internistische Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin (DGIIN) führte eine elektronische Befragung unter dem Personal von Intensivstationen, Notaufnahmen und Rettungsdiensten in Deutschland durch.

Ergebnisse
In die Auswertungen wurden 218 Umfrageergebnisse eingeschlossen. Insgesamt 108 (50 %) Teilnehmende kamen aus dem Pflegebereich und 98 (45 %) gehören dem ärztlichen Personal an. Die Mehrzahl der Teilnehmenden arbeitet auf einer Intensivstation (181 [83 %]) gefolgt von der Intermediate-Care-Station (52 [24 %]). 104 (47 %) Teilnehmende gaben an, dass ihre Arbeitsstätte schon Maßnahmen zur Nachhaltigkeit umgesetzt hat. Die Einschätzung, ob die Geschäftsführung das Thema Nachhaltigkeit in ihre Entscheidungen einfließen lässt, wurde bei nur 20 % angegeben. Potenzial für Verbesserung werden unter anderen im Energie- und Abfallmanagement gesehen.

Diskussion
Die Umfrageergebnisse zeigen, dass 1. eine hohe Motivation der Mitarbeitenden besteht, sich mit dem Thema Nachhaltigkeit auseinanderzusetzen und Maßnahmen umzusetzen, und 2. das Potenzial, ein ressourcenschonendes und umweltfreundliches Krankenhaus zu etablieren, längst nicht ausgeschöpft ist. 3. Es muss Priorität werden, dass Entscheidungsträger:innen im Krankenhaus Nachhaltigkeit propagieren, Prozesse transparent gestalten und die Motivation der Mitarbeitenden zum Thema Nachhaltigkeit unterstützen. Darüber hinaus muss dieser Prozess von Politik und Gesundheitskassen mitgetragen werden.
Ecotoxicity Evaluation of Industrial Waste and Construction Materials: Comparison Between Leachates from Granular Steel Slags and Steel Slags-Containing Concrete Through a Plant-Based Approach
Authors: Alias Carlotta , Zerbini Ilaria , Abbà Alessandro , Benassi Laura , Gelatti Umberto , Sorlini Sabrina , Piovani Giovanna , Feretti Donatella 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSteel slags, the main waste product from the steel industry, may have several reuse possibilities. Among others, building applications represent a crucial field. However, the potential impact of harmful substances on the environment should be assessed. The aim of this study was to assess the phytotoxicity of steel slags (SS) and concrete mixtures cast with a partial replacement of SS (CSS). Leaching tests were carried out on four SS and four CSS according to EN 12457-2 and UNI EN 15863, respectively. Each leachate was assayed using root elongation tests on 30 seeds of Allium cepa, Cucumis sativus, and Lepidium sativum, respectively, and on 12 bulbs of A. cepa. The latter also allowed the analysis of other macroscopic parameters of toxicity (turgidity, consistency, colour change and root tip shape) and the evaluation of the mitotic index on 20,000 root tip cells per sample. None of the samples induced phytotoxic effects on the organisms tested: all samples supported seedlings emergence, verified by root elongation comparable to, or even greater than, that of the negative controls, and did not affect cell division, as evidenced by mitotic index values. The absence of phytotoxicity demonstrated by the leachates allows SS and SS-derived concrete to be considered as reliable materials suitable for use in civil constructions or in other engineering applications, with economic and environmental advantages, such as the reduction of the final disposal in landfills as well as the consumption of natural resources.
Transmission of fungi and protozoa under grazing conditions from lactating yaks to sucking yak calves in early life
Authors: Guo Wei , Liu Tingmei , Neves André Luis Alves , Long Ruijun , Degen Allan , Zhou Mi , Chen Xiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Microbiota from mothers is an essential source of microbes in early-life rumen microbiota, but the contribution of microbiota from different maternal sites to the rumen microbiota establishment in neonates needs more data. To fill this gap, we collected samples from the mouth, teat skin, and rumen of lactating yaks and from the rumen of sucking calves concomitantly on seven occasions between days 7 and 180 after birth under grazing conditions. We observed that the eukaryotic communities clustered based on sample sites, except for the protozoal community in the teat skin, with negative correlations between fungal and protozoal diversities in the rumen of calves. Furthermore, fungi in the dam’s mouth, which is the greatest source of the calf’s rumen fungi, accounted for only 0.1%, and the contribution of the dam’s rumen to the calf’s rumen fungi decreased with age and even disappeared after day 60. In contrast, the average contribution of the dam’s rumen protozoa to the calf’s rumen protozoa was 3.7%, and the contributions from the dam’s teat skin (from 0.7 to 2.7%) and mouth (from 0.4 to 3.3%) increased with age. Thus, the divergence in dam-to-calf transmissibility between fungi and protozoa indicates that the foundation of these eukaryotic communities is shaped by different rules. This study provides the first measurements of the maternal contribution to the fungal and protozoal establishment in the rumen of sucking and grazing yak calves in early life, which could be beneficial for future microbiota manipulation in neonatal ruminants.

Key points
• Dam to calf transfer of rumen eukaryotes occurs from multiple body sites.
• A minor proportion of rumen fungi in calves originated from maternal sites.
• The inter-generation transmission between rumen fungi and protozoa differs.
New observations on the Antarctic Asteromphalus darwinii/hookeri diatom species-complex (Asterolampraceae)
Authors: Hallegraeff Gustaaf M. , Leblanc Karine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAntarctic diatom populations of Asteromphalus hookeri and related species such as A. hyalinus and A. parvulus exhibit a highly variable number of hyaline rays ranging from 3 broad + 1 narrow (3 + 1) in the smallest valves, with 4 + 1 (27%) and 5 + 1 rays (35%) most common, and 6 + 1, 7 + 1, and rarely 8 + 1 rays only in larger cells. During December 1959 to April 1960 in the southern sector of the Atlantic Ocean, 6% of valves occurred as “double forms” with epitheca and hypotheca of the same cell exhibiting 4 + 1/3 + 1, 5 + 1/4 + 1, 6 + 1/5 + 1 and 7 + 1/6 + 1 ray combinations. Smaller cells (3 + 1, 4 + 1) always exhibited jagged separating lines in the central area, but larger cells (7 + 1, 8 + 1) had mostly smooth lines, and either jagged or smooth separating lines occurred in intermediate 5 + 1 and 6 + 1 forms, respectively. Epitheca and hypotheca of one and the same cell always exhibited jagged or smooth separating lines, but never mixtures. Observations of silica deposition during October to November 2011 around the Kerguelen Island plateau using the PDMPO fluorescent marker suggest that Asteromphalus separating lines play a key role in silica cell wall development. We discuss implications for taxonomy of what we designate as two highly variable and often confused and overlapping cold-water diatom taxa, A. darwinii (jagged separating lines; synonyms A. beaumontii, A. hyalinus, A. leboimei, A. parvulus, A. rossii) and A. hookeri (smooth separating lines; synonyms A. antarcticus, A. buchii).
Use of cigarettes and heated tobacco products during pregnancy and maternal–fetal outcomes: a retrospective, monocentric study
Authors: Incognito Giosuè Giordano , Grassi Laura , Palumbo Marco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the effects of using heated tobacco products (HTP) or traditional cigarettes (C) on maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Methods
This is a retrospective, monocentric study conducted at San Marco Hospital from July 2021 to July 2022. We compared a cohort of pregnant patients who smoked HTP (HS), with pregnant women smoking cigarettes (CS), ex-smoker (ES) and non-smoker (NS) pregnant women. Biochemistry, ultrasound, and neonatal evaluations were performed.

Results
In total, 642 women were enrolled, of which 270 were NS, 114 were ES, 120 were CS, and 138 were HS. CS had the greatest weight gain and had more difficulty getting pregnant. Smokers and ES experienced more frequently threats of preterm labor, miscarriages, temporary hypertensive spikes, and higher rates of cesarean sections. Preterm delivery was more associated with CS and HS groups. CS and HS had lower awareness of the risks to which the mother and the fetus are exposed. CS were more likely to be depressed and anxious. Biochemical parameters did not show significant differences between the groups. CS had the greatest difference in days between the gestational age calculated based on the last menstrual period and the one based on the actual ultrasound age. The average percentile newborn weight range of CS was lower, as well as the mean 1st minute and the 5th minute Apgar scores.

Conclusion
The comparison of the data obtained between CS and HS underlines the greater danger of C. Nevertheless, we do not recommend HTP because the maternal–fetal outcomes are not superimposable to the NS outcomes.