bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimisation of soil washing method for removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soil around oil storage tanks using response surface methodology
Authors: Zoghi Pouyan , Mafigholami Roya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTotal petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), which are often found in soil, water, sediments, and air. These compounds are a type of pollutant that can have a serious negative impact on living things and human health. Soil washing method is a remediation technique used to remove contaminants from the soil. This process involves the use of water or other solvents to extract contaminants from the soil, followed by separation and disposal of the contaminated solution. This research engineered the effectiveness of soil washing method to remove TPHs from a genuine, sullied soil sample. After analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the soil, the Box-Benken Design (BBD) technique was used to optimize the variables that influence the process's effectiveness. A quadratic model was suggested based on the BBD design, correlation coefficients, and other factors. The minimum, maximum and mean removal of TPHs during the stages of the study were 63.5, 94.5 and 76.7%, respectively. The correlation between the variables was strong, as shown by the analysis of variance (ANOVA), F-value (1064.5) and P-value (0.0001), and the proposed model was highly significant. The most effective soil washing method (SWM) was obtained with pH 7.8, liquid to solid ratio 50:1, reaction time 52 min, surfactant concentration 7.9 mg kg−1, and three washings. A removal rate of 98.8% was accomplished for TPHs from the soil in this context. The kinetic results indicate that the kinetic of TPHs removal follows the first-order kinetics (R2 = 0.96). There was not a major difference in the process's efficiency based on temperature. The removal efficiency heightened from 0 to 150 rpm and then remained steady. Introducing air flow increased the rate of removal, and the combination of ultrasonic waves with the reaction environment increased the process efficiency and decreased the time for the process and the amount of times it needed to be washed. An analysis of the washed soil both physically and chemically revealed a substantial decrease in the concentration of other elements.
Alterations in step frequency and muscle activities using body weight support influence the ventilatory response to sinusoidal walking in humans
Authors: Fujita Mako , Kamibayashi Kiyotaka , Horiuchi Masahiro , Ebine Naoyuki , Fukuoka Yoshiyuki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe use of body weight support (BWS) can reveal important insights into the relationship between lower-limb muscle activities and the ventilatory response during sinusoidal walking. Here, healthy participants (n = 15) walked on a treadmill while 0%, 30%, and 50% of their body weight was supported with BWS. The walking speed was varied sinusoidally between 3 and 6 km h−1, and three different frequencies, and periods ranging from 2 to 10 min were used. Breath-by-breath ventilation ($${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

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) and CO2 output ($${\dot{\text{V}}}\text{CO}_{{2}}$$

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) were measured. The tibialis anterior (TA) muscle activity was measured by electromyography throughout the walking. The amplitude (Amp), normalized Amp [Amp ratio (%)], and phase shift (PS) of the sinusoidal variations in measurement variables were calculated using a Fourier analysis. The results revealed that the Amp ratio in $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

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increased with the increase in BWS. A steeper slope of the $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

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–$${\dot{\text{V}}}\text{CO}_{{2}}$$

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relationship and greater $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

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/$${\dot{\text{V}}}\text{CO}_{{2}}$$

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values were observed under reduced body weight conditions. The Amp ratio in TA muscle was significantly positively associated with the Amp ratio in the $${\dot{\text{V}}}_{{\text{E}}}$$

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(p < 0.001). These findings indicate that the greater amplitude in the TA muscle under BWS may have been a potent stimulus for the greater response of ventilation during sinusoidal walking.
Utilizing patient-specific 3D printed kidney surgical guide with realistic phantom for partial nephrectomy
Authors: Ock Junhyeok , Kim Taehun , On Sungchul , Lee Sangwook , Kyung Yoon Soo , Kim Namkug 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPartial nephrectomy has been demonstrated to preserve renal function compared with radical nephrectomy. Computed tomography (CT) is used to reveal localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, marking RCC directly and quantitatively on a patient's kidney during an operation is difficult. We fabricated and evaluated a 3D-printed kidney surgical guide (3DP-KSG) with a realistic kidney phantom. The kidney phantoms including parenchyma and three different RCC locations and 3DP-KSG were designed and fabricated based on a patient's CT image. 3DP-KSG was used to insert 16-gauge intravenous catheters into the kidney phantoms, which was scanned by CT. The catheter insertion points and angle were evaluated. The measurement errors of insertion points were 1.597 ± 0.741 mm, and cosine similarity of trajectories was 0.990 ± 0.010. The measurement errors for X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis in the insertion point were 0.611 ± 0.855 mm, 0.028 ± 1.001 mm, and − 0.510 ± 0.923 mm. The 3DP-KSG targeted the RCC accurately, quantitatively, and immediately on the surface of the kidney, and no significant difference was shown between the operators. Partial nephrectomy will accurately remove the RCC using 3DP-KSG in the operating room.
Coronal voids and their magnetic nature
Authors: Nölke J. D. , Solanki S. K. , Hirzberger J. , Peter H. , Chitta L. P. , Kahil F. , Valori G. , Wiegelmann T. , Orozco Suárez D. , Albert K. , Albelo Jorge N. , Appourchaux T. , Alvarez-Herrero A. , Blanco Rodríguez J. , Gandorfer A. , Germerott D. , Guerrero L. , Gutierrez-Marques P. , Kolleck M. , del Toro Iniesta J. C. , Volkmer R. , Woch J. , Fiethe B. , Gómez Cama J. M. , Pérez-Grande I. , Sanchis Kilders E. , Balaguer Jiménez M. , Bellot Rubio L. R. , Calchetti D. , Carmona M. , Deutsch W. , Feller A. , Fernandez-Rico G. , Fernández-Medina A. , García Parejo P. , Gasent Blesa J. L. , Gizon L. , Grauf B. , Heerlein K. , Korpi-Lagg A. , Lange T. , López Jiménez A. , Maue T. , Meller R. , Moreno Vacas A. , Müller R. , Nakai E. , Schmidt W. , Schou J. , Schühle U. , Sinjan J. , Staub J. , Strecker H. , Torralbo I. , Berghmans D. , Kraaikamp E. , Rodriguez L. , Verbeeck C. , Zhukov A. N. , Auchere F. , Buchlin E. , Parenti S. , Janvier M. , Barczynski K. , Harra L. , Schwanitz C. , Aznar Cuadrado R. , Mandal S. , Teriaca L. , Long D. , Smith P. 
Published: September 2023

Context. Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations of the quiet solar atmosphere reveal extended regions of weak emission compared to the ambient quiescent corona. The magnetic nature of these coronal features is not well understood.
Aims. We study the magnetic properties of the weakly emitting extended regions, which we name coronal voids. In particular, we aim to understand whether these voids result from a reduced heat input into the corona or if they are associated with mainly unipolar and possibly open magnetic fields, similar to coronal holes.
Methods. We defined the coronal voids via an intensity threshold of 75% of the mean quiet-Sun (QS) EUV intensity observed by the high-resolution EUV channel (HRIEUV) of the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager on Solar Orbiter. The line-of-sight magnetograms of the same solar region recorded by the High Resolution Telescope of the Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager allowed us to compare the photospheric magnetic field beneath the coronal voids with that in other parts of the QS.
Results. The coronal voids studied here range in size from a few granules to a few supergranules and on average exhibit a reduced intensity of 67% of the mean value of the entire field of view. The magnetic flux density in the photosphere below the voids is 76% (or more) lower than in the surrounding QS. Specifically, the coronal voids show much weaker or no network structures. The detected flux imbalances fall in the range of imbalances found in QS areas of the same size.
Conclusions. We conclude that coronal voids form because of locally reduced heating of the corona due to reduced magnetic flux density in the photosphere. This makes them a distinct class of (dark) structure, different from coronal holes.
Hemodynamics and Diastolic Function after Native Aortic Valve Preserving vs. Replacing Surgery
Authors: Holst Theresa , Hua Xiaoqin , Sinning Christoph , Waschki Benjamin , Reichenspurner Hermann , Girdauskas Evaldas , Petersen Johannes 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Alterations in left ventricular (LV) diastolic function following native tissue-preserving aortic valve (AV) procedures have not been systematically investigated. Furthermore, no comparisons have been made between these changes and those observed after prosthetic AV replacement.
Methods From October 2017 to August 2020, 74 patients aged <65 years were referred to our institution for elective AV surgery. Preoperative and postoperative (i.e., discharge, 3-month and 1-year follow-up) transthoracic echocardiography was analyzed.
Results Native tissue-preserving surgery was performed in 55 patients (AV repair: n = 42, Ross procedure: n = 13). The remaining 19 patients underwent prosthetic AV replacement. Preoperatively and at discharge, transvalvular hemodynamics and LV diastolic function were comparable in both groups. At 1-year follow-up, native valve (NV) patients showed significantly lower mean transvalvular gradient (7 ± 5 vs. 9 ± 3 mmHg, p = 0.046) and peak velocity (1.74 ± 0.51 vs. 2.26 ± 0.96 m/s, p = 0.004), and significantly better septal e′ (9.1 ± 2.7 vs. 7.7 ± 2.5 cm/s, p = 0.043) and lateral e′ (14.7 ± 3.1 vs. 11.7 ± 3.7 cm/s, p = 0.001). From preoperatively to 1-year postoperatively, septal and lateral e′ and E/e′ improved markedly after NV preservation (septal e′: +0.7 cm/s, p = 0.075; lateral e′: +2.3 cm/s, p < 0.001; E/e′: −1.5, p = 0.001) but not after AV replacement (septal e′: +0.2 cm/s, p = 0.809; lateral e′: +0.8 cm/s, p = 0.574; E/e′: −1.2, p = 0.347). Significant negative linear correlations between postoperative transvalvular gradients and absolute changes in lateral e′ and E/e′ were detected during follow-up.
Conclusion Preservation of native tissue in AV surgery results in superior transvalvular hemodynamics compared with prosthetic AV replacement. This may induce faster LV reverse remodeling and may explain more pronounced improvement in LV diastolic function.
Role of MRI in Treatment Planning of Endometrial CA
Authors: Gulati Parveen , Agarwal Ankita , Gulati Vaibhav 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose Endometrial carcinoma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in women. It is the fourth most common cancer in women and its incidence is rising. Clinical examination and endometrial sampling form the mainstay of diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to its superb soft tissue contrast can play an important role in the management of the disease. The present article reviews the role of MRI to exclude mimics, confirm the diagnosis, stage the disease, and in the follow-up of a patient with carcinoma of the endometrium.
Method Using online databases including PubMed and Medline, literature was reviewed to assess the role of MRI to confirm the diagnosis, stage the disease, and follow-up in a patient of carcinoma endometrium. The examples published were taken from a personal file of cases.
Results MRI with newer sequences like dynamic contrast studies and diffusion-weighted imaging can play an important role in excluding mimics, staging, and in the follow-up of the patient.
Conclusion MRI with advanced sequences is the imaging modality of choice in pre- and postoperative evaluation of patients with endometrial carcinoma. It is the most sensitive imaging modality to evaluate myometrial invasion and early involvement of the cervix.
Role of Imaging in the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kohli Anirudh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the last 2 years, we have seen the most unprecedented times of our lives. The pandemic appears to be petering off and hopefully will become endemic. These 2 years have been a significant learning experience with many new imaging techniques, medical and social concepts introduced. Also, along the pandemic course, numerous articles and editorials were penned on new learnings, as well as new thoughts on controlling and mitigating the suffering of those afflicted. From a collection of editorials and articles in The Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging (IJRI) on the pandemic, this review is constructed to put imaging-related facts in a perspective.1
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11 Even though the pandemic may have petered off, this will serve as a memory, as well as repository of information for future pandemics.
Prospective Evaluation of the Efficacy of Isolated Balloon Eustachian Tuboplasty: Short- and Medium-term Follow-up Results Based on Tubomanometry, ETDQ-7, Tympanometry, and Valsalva Maneuver
Authors: Azevedo Cátia , Moreira Filipa , Lima António Fontes , Mar Fernando Milhazes , Vilarinho Sérgio , Dias Luís 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Balloon eustachian tuboplasty (BET) allows the treatment of the main etiology of eustachian tube disfunction (ETD).
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of isolated BET, through objective and subjective results, in the short and medium term, in patients with chronic obstructive ETD.
Methods Adult patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive ETD who underwent BET between January 2018 and December 2020 were enrolled in the study. We performed a prospective observational study of BET efficacy, by comparing subjective data, based on the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDQ-7), and objective data, obtained by tympanometry, objective Valsalva maneuver and tubomanometry, prior to BET with these outcome tools on postprocedure follow-up.
Results In total, 30 BETs were performed and analyzed. There were no complications with the procedure. Analysis of BET efficacy was performed in the short-term (average of 7.5 weeks) and in the medium-term (average of 8 months). There was a significant reduction (p < 0.0001) in the total ETDQ-7 score from baseline to both follow-up periods. A normalization of the ETDQ-7 score was observed in 60 and 83.3% of the performed procedures, in the short- and medium-term, respectively. In tubomanometry, we verified a significant improvement (p < 0.0001) at all pressures, with a normalization of tubomanometry values in 53.3% and 43.3% of cases in the short- and medium-term, respectively. Tympanogram normalization occurred in 71.4% of patients with abnormal preoperative assessments.
Conclusion As an isolated procedure, BET results in significant improvements in symptomatology and objective metric results. This, associated with its safety profile, currently makes BET the most indicated therapeutic option in refractory obstructive ETD.
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Two Negative Pressure Wound Therapy Devices to Manage Cesarean Section Incisions
Authors: Goldman Theodore , Costa Ben 
Published: September 2023

This paper aims to evaluate whether there is a device-dependent effect on the reduction of surgical site complications in obese patients (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2) undergoing cesarean section (C-section). PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for the period, January 2011 to September 2021. English language articles describing a randomized controlled trial (RCT) that compared either a −80 or −125 mm Hg single-use negative pressure wound therapy (sNPWT) device to standard dressings in obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) patients undergoing C-section were included. Conference abstracts and “terminated” RCTs with published results were deemed eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome of interest was surgical site infection (SSI), classified as composite, superficial, or deep. Secondary outcomes assessed included seroma, dehiscence, hematoma, bleeding, reoperation, readmission, blistering, and (composite) wound complications. A total of 223 titles were identified, of which 129 were screened by full-text review. Eleven RCTs encompassing 5,847 patients met the inclusion criteria and were considered eligible for further analysis (−80 mm Hg: six studies; −125 mm Hg: five studies). A statistically significant improvement in the composite SSI (odds ratio [OR]: 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54–0.89) and superficial SSI (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.50–0.86) outcomes was observed with the −80 mm Hg device, compared with standard dressings. The same effect on SSI outcomes was not observed with the −125 mm Hg device (composite SSI—OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.64–1.28; superficial SSI—OR: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.70–1.78). There were no statistically significant differences in any of the other assessed outcomes. sNPWT devices may differ in their ability to reduce composite or superficial SSI after C-section.
Key Points
A split Hopkinson pressure bar for experimental investigation of dynamic pulverization under very high strain rates
Authors: Jayawickrama Eranga Gayanath , Sekiguchi Takuma , Muto Jun , Sawa Sando , Nagahama Hiroyuki , Kono Yoshio , Bae Kyung-Oh , Shin Hyung-Seop 
Published: September 2023

Off-fault damage or pulverized rocks found in large-scale strike–slip faults are of great interest in earthquake research. In order to experimentally investigate rock pulverization, we developed a split Hopkinson pressure bar with compact dimensions and high-speed imaging. The developed experimental setup is capable of generating very high strain rates up to 1320 s−1 with the satisfaction of stress equilibrium, which are essential to reproduce the dynamic pulverization observed in nature and obtain dynamic stress–strain responses accurately. High-speed imaging revealed that cracks initiate and propagate along the grain boundaries at very high speeds, while the dynamic stress–strain response suggested that energy dissipated into the fracture increases with stronger impacts. In addition, we show that the apparatus is capable of producing particle size distributions partly similar to those in naturally pulverized rocks of large-scale strike–slip faults. Thus, our developed system with compact dimensions opens new ways to understand the dynamics of the rock pulverization in off-fault regions of large-scale strike–slip faults.
Tribotronic and electrochemical properties of platinum–nanofluid interfaces formed by aqueous suspensions of 5 and 40 nm TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Seed C. M. , Acharya B. , Nunn N. , Smirnov A. I. , Krim J. 
Published: September 2023

Nanoparticles (NPs) can be highly beneficial as additives to lubricating fluids, and the tribotronic response of charged NPs tuned by external fields represents an area of great technological potential. Tribotronic response, however, is expected to be highly size dependent, which represents a significant design challenge. To explore this issue, quartz crystal microbalance and cyclic voltammetry were employed to characterize nanotribological and electrochemical behavior of platinum–nanofluid interfaces formed by aqueous suspensions of different-sized negatively charged titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs. Suspensions of 5, 40, and 100 nm NPs were all observed to reduced interfacial frictional drag forces upon introduction into pure water in zero field conditions, with reductions for the 40 nm NPs about twice those of 5 nm particles at comparable concentrations. Suspensions of 100 nm NPs produced even greater reductions, but rapidly precipitated from the suspension when left unstirred. NPs were also driven to and from Pt electrode surfaces by applying external electric fields with varying amplitudes and modulation frequencies. For electric fields of sufficient amplitude and duration, the 40 nm TiO2 nanosuspension exhibited tribological properties consistent with a reversible electrophoretic deposition of the NPs, accompanied by changes in the electrochemical attributes and increasing interfacial drag. The 5 nm NP properties were consistent with progressive reductions in interfacial drag forces at the NP–suspension interface linked to field-induced increases in concentration.
An embedded cluster CASPT2 study of the Ce:YVO4 spectrum
Authors: Larsson Ernst D. , Veryazov Valera 
Published: September 2023

Multiconfigurational theory, in combination with the embedded cluster approach, is a precise and ab initio approach to describe the electronic structure of solids. In this work, the spectrum of a Ce(III) dopant in YVO4 has been studied by complete active space perturbation theory of the second order (CASPT2), with the host material represented as a set of ab initio model potentials and point-charges. We assess the sensitivity of the spectrum to the size of both the embedded cluster size as well as the size of the electronic basis set. A comparison of our best computational model with experimental results shows that the embedding approach is robust and can accurately model the spectrum of low-concentration dopants in complex host materials.
Research on electromagnetic scattering characteristics of flexible stealth material based on its 3D model
Authors: Gao Xin , Wang Xiangwei , Peng Ruihui , Dou Zheng , Lv Yongsheng 
Published: September 2023

With the widespread adoption of flexible stealth materials (FSMs) in radar stealth application, understanding their electromagnetic scattering information has become increasingly crucial. However, acquiring the electromagnetic scattering properties of FSMs solely through measurement can be challenging. Hence, this study proposes an electromagnetic scattering model for FSMs based on random undulating units formed by sweeping two parabola functions. Specifically, the multi-layer fast multipole method (MLFMM) is applied to calculate the model’s monostatic RCS within 8–12 GHz, enabling a comprehensive analysis of FSM’s electromagnetic scattering characteristics (ESCs). We fabricate an FSM sample for experimental validation and conduct meticulous measurements alongside theoretical calculations. Impressively, the calculated results exhibit relatively good agreement with the measured data, signifying our model’s reliability. Furthermore, by leveraging the proposed model and the MLFMM, we delve into the influence of various electromagnetic parameters, the undulating angle, and the size of undulation units on the ESCs of FSM. Our numerical results demonstrate that the ESCs of FSM exhibit regular variations in response to the changes in these parameters. In addition, we meticulously examine the interaction between electromagnetic waves and the material, further enriching our understanding of the observed results. This research provides valuable references for ESC investigation of flexible stealth material and radar stealth experimental design.