bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mango malformation: etiology, symptoms, distribution and cultivar susceptibility in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Garcia-Lopez E. , Batista-Marte C.M. , Serra C.A. , Sosa-Natta A.S. , Villegas-Monter A. , Hernandez-Castro E. , Camacho-Tapia M. , Mora-Aguilera J.A. 
Published: March 2023

Mango malformation disease (MMD) caused by Fusarium species has become an important disease of mango ( Mangifera indica L.) orchards worldwide. In the Dominican Republic, MMD was first observed in 2008 in orchards of Azua and Peravia provinces, with incidence of up to 50%. This study aimed to estimate the malformation prevalence and distribution in the main mango growing areas of the Dominican Republic and to assess the susceptibility of six commercial cultivars commonly grown in this country. Mango malformation was found in 18 out of 58 orchards, all located in Peravia and Azua. Peravia showed the highest incidence, with values of up to 75% (2013) and 87.5% (2014), and the interpolative analysis made with ArcGIS showed this province as being more inductive for Fusarium spp. occurrence. Pathogenicity tests were conducted in 2013 and 2014 on 10-month-old healthy mango plants per cultivar. Inoculation was done by infiltration of Fusarium pseudocircinatum and Fusarium decemcellulare conidial suspensions into the vegetative apical buds, singly and in combination. In inoculated plants, symptoms such as loss of apical dominance, excessive proliferation of apical or axillary buds with thickened stems, and reduction of leaf lamina were associated with F. pseudocircinatum. In addition to these symptoms, leathery protuberant buds and eventual death of infiltrated plants were associated with F. decemcellulare, singly or coinoculated with F. pseudocircinatum. Based on a disease severity index (DSI), “Tommy Atkins” was tolerant (DSI = 7.8%) and “Puntica” and “Banilejo” were highly susceptible (DSI = 22% and 28.5%).
Polarity dependence of CO2 conversion in nanosecond pulsed large gap dielectric barrier discharges
Authors: Mousazadeh Borghei Sepideh , Brüser Volker , Kolb Juergen F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe splitting of carbon dioxide was investigated for a coaxial dielectric barrier discharge, which was operated with nanosecond high-voltage pulses of 500 ns and amplitudes up to 20 kV at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. A non-thermal plasma could be established across a gap distance of 4 mm and a length of 90 mm for gas flows of 30–210 sccm of pure CO2 and with admixtures of Argon. The application of high-voltage pulses of either positive or negative polarity resulted in distinct differences in effective conversion and CO production. The highest observed conversion of 6.6%, corresponding to a CO production of 7%, was achieved for positive high-voltage pulses of 20 kV that were applied with a repetition rate of 3 kHz for a ratio of CO2:Ar of 1:2 at a flow rate of 30 sccm. Conversely, an operation with negative high-voltage pulses, for otherwise the same operating parameters, resulted in an effective conversion of only 5.3% and CO production of 5.4%. The corresponding conversion rates for specific energy input (SEI), concerning different operating parameters, could be related to reaction enthalpies that were calculated from thermodynamic functions. The differences in polarity were associated with discharge characteristics, i.e., plasmas appeared more filamentary for positive high-voltage pulses. In this case, a visible plasma could also be established for much lower pulse amplitudes.
Graphical Abstract
Study of nonlinear time-fractional hyperbolic-like equations with variable coefficients via semi-analytical technique: Differential 𝕁-transform method
Authors: Singh Brajesh Kumar , Kumar A. , Rai S. N. , Prakasha D. G. 
Published: March 2023

This work proposes a semi-analytical new hybrid approach, so-called differential [Formula: see text]-transform method (D[Formula: see text]TM), to evaluate the behavior of n-space dimensional fractional-nonlinear hyperbolic-like wave equations, where time-fractional derivative is considered in Caputo format. The D[Formula: see text]TM is the hybrid method in which projected differential transform is implemented after imposing the recently introduced integral transform, i.e., so-called [Formula: see text] transform [W. Zhao and S. Maitama, J. Appl. Anal. Comput. 10, 1223 (2020)]. The efficiency and applicability of the proposed D[Formula: see text]TM had been tested by considering three different test examples of the Caputo time-fractional nonlinear hyperbolic-like wave equations in terms of absolute error norms, and the different order D[Formula: see text]TM solutions are compared with exact solution behaviors and the existing results, for the large time level [Formula: see text]. In addition, the convergence analysis of D[Formula: see text]TM is studied theoretically and verified it numerically as well as graphically, which confirms that the numerical experiments via D[Formula: see text]TM for distinct fractional orders support the theoretical findings excellently, and the presented D[Formula: see text]TM results converge to their exact solution behavior, very fast. The evaluated series approximations are expressed in the compact form of Mittag-Leffler functions.
Coronary Inflammation and Plaque Vulnerability: A Coronary Computed Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Yuki Haruhito , Sugiyama Tomoyo , Suzuki Keishi , Kinoshita Daisuke , Niida Takayuki , Nakajima Akihiro , Araki Makoto , Dey Damini , Lee Hang , McNulty Iris , Nakamura Sunao , Kakuta Tsunekazu , Jang Ik-Kyung 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Vascular inflammation plays a key role in atherogenesis and in the development of acute coronary syndromes. Coronary inflammation can be measured by peri-coronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation on computed tomography angiography. We examined the relationships between the level of coronary artery inflammation assessed by PCAT attenuation and coronary plaque characteristics by optical coherence tomography.

Methods:
A total of 474 patients (198 acute coronary syndromes and 276 stable angina pectoris) who underwent preintervention coronary computed tomography angiography and optical coherence tomography were included. To compare the relationships between the level of coronary artery inflammation and detailed plaque characteristics, we divided the subjects into high (n=244) and low (n=230) PCAT attenuation groups using a threshold value of −70.1 Hounsfield units.

Results:

The high PCAT attenuation group, compared with the low PCAT attenuation group, had more males (90.6% versus 69.6%;
P
<0.001), more non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (38.5% versus 25.7%;
P
=0.003), and less stable angina pectoris (51.6% versus 65.2%;
P
=0.003). Aspirin, dual antiplatelet, and statins were less frequently used in the high PCAT attenuation group compared to the low PCAT attenuation group. Patients with high PCAT attenuation, compared with those with low PCAT attenuation, had lower ejection fraction (median 64% versus 65%;
P
=0.014) and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (median 45 versus 48 mg/dL;
P
=0.027). Optical coherence tomography features of plaque vulnerability were significantly more common in patients with high PCAT attenuation, compared to those with low PCAT attenuation, including lipid-rich plaque (87.3% versus 77.8%;
P
=0.006), macrophage (76.2% versus 67.8%;
P
=0.041), microchannels (61.9% versus 48.3%;
P
=0.003), plaque rupture (38.1% versus 23.9%;
P
<0.001), and layered plaque (60.2% versus 50.0%;
P
=0.025).

Conclusions:
Optical coherence tomography features of plaque vulnerability were significantly more common in patients with high PCAT attenuation, compared with those with low PCAT attenuation. Vascular inflammation and plaque vulnerability are intimately related in patients with coronary artery disease.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04523194.
Cerebral Venous Reflux and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: An Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Positron Emission Tomography Study
Authors: Lee Bo-Ching , Tsai Hsin-Hsi , Liu Chia-Ju , Chen Ya-Fang , Tsai Li-Kai , Jeng Jiann-Shing , Yen Ruoh-Fang 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Cerebral venous outflow alterations contribute to central nervous system pathology in aging and neurodegenerative disorders and are potentially linked to underlying cerebral microangiopathy. We investigated whether cerebral venous reflux (CVR) is more closely associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) than hypertensive microangiopathy in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) survivors.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study included 122 patients of spontaneous ICH with magnetic resonance and positron emission tomography imaging studies (2014–2022) in Taiwan. The presence of CVR was defined as abnormal signal intensity in the dural venous sinus or internal jugular vein on magnetic resonance angiography. Cerebral amyloid load was measured using the Pittsburgh compound B standardized uptake value ratio. Clinical and imaging characteristics associated with CVR were evaluated in univariable and multivariable analyses. In the subset of patients with CAA, we applied univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses to evaluate the association between CVR and cerebral amyloid retention.

Results:

Compared with patients without CVR (n=84, 64.5±12.1 years), patients with CVR (n=38, 69.4±11.5 years) were significantly more likely to have CAA-ICH (53.7% versus 19.8%;
P<
0.001) and had a higher cerebral amyloid load (standardized uptake value ratio [interquartile range], 1.28 [1.12–1.60] versus 1.06 [1.00–1.14];
P<
0.001). In a multivariable model, CVR was independently associated with CAA-ICH (odds ratio, 4.81 [95% CI, 1.74–13.27];
P
=0.002) after adjustment for age, sex and conventional small vessel disease markers. In CAA-ICH, higher PiB retention was observed in patients with CVR than patients without CVR (standardized uptake value ratio [interquartile range], 1.34 [1.08–1.56] versus 1.09 [1.01–1.26];
P
<0.001). In multivariable analysis after adjustment for potential confounders, the presence of CVR was independently associated with a higher amyloid load (standardized β=0.40;
P
=0.001).

Conclusions:
In spontaneous ICH, CVR is associated with CAA and a higher amyloid burden. Our results suggest venous drainage dysfunction potentially plays a role in CAA and cerebral amyloid deposition.
Climate-Exacerbated Impacts May Drive Maladaptive Action in Agriculture
Authors: Wilson Robyn S. , Shaffer-Morrison C. Dale , Walpole Hugh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the eastern Corn Belt of the United States, climate change is projected to bring warmer and wetter conditions, with more variability in the seasonal timing of rainfall, creating a multitude of challenges for agricultural production. While there are multiple adaptations to reduce the vulnerability of production to a changing climate, these adaptations have varying implications for other ecosystem services such as soil health, carbon sequestration, and water quality. We explore how beliefs about and experiences with climate change might influence adaptations that vary in their provisioning of a variety of ecosystem services, and how these adaptations may vary by characteristics of the farm and farmer. Survey data were collected from 908 respondents from August through October 2019. We find only one proposed adaptation, additional tile drainage, is associated with self-reported prior negative experiences with climate change and concern about future impacts. The other proposed adaptations (i.e., cover crops, filter strips, additional fertilizer) are associated with farmer identity. The type of farmer who is likely to adapt is generally reminiscent of the type who engage in conservation practices: younger, more educated, with off-farm income and larger farms. Our results indicate that many proposed adaptations are not perceived as effective ways to mitigate specific climate-driven impacts. However, increasing tile drainage is perceived as such, and there may be a need to offset the potential negative impacts to water quality of this likely adaptation through the promotion of edge-of-field filtration practices.

Significance Statement
The purpose of this study is to better understand how beliefs about and experiences with climate change may influence adaptations that vary in their provisioning of a suite of ecosystem services. We find that those who are adapting directly to the most severe and frequent climate-exacerbated impact, heavy rain at the wrong time of year, are likely to adapt in ways that may benefit production (e.g., increasing drainage tile to ensure fields are not inundated by spring rains) but have negative feedback to society in terms of water quality. Most proposed adaptations are not perceived as effective means of increasing resilience to experienced impacts but rather as practices that are the norm among conservation-minded farmers with larger operations.
Evaluating the noise exposure levels of different schools in noise-scapes of Kargil town: Ladakh, India
Authors: Fatima Kaneez , Rampal Rajkumar , Muslim Mohd , Hussain Khadim 
Published: March 2023

Noise at school poses a serious challenge to the classroom atmosphere with negative impacts on teachers’ and students’ ability to listen and learn. Kargil town is the gateway to the Ladakh Himalayan region that remains cut from the rest of the world during the winter months. During the summer months, the region experiences a spike in traffic activity. The current study was designed to assess noise exposure levels in schools within the Kargil town administrative boundaries. The result indicates that indoor, as well as the outdoor Equivalent noise level (LAeq), in the schools located in Commercial area (58.3 ± 7.7 & 60.0 ± 1.9 dBA) Highway area (57.4 ± 8.1 & 63.0 ± 2.3 dBA) and Residential area (52.9 ± 9.8 & 60.0 ± 1.9 dBA) was above the permissible limits of World Health Organization and Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) India. The highest indoor and outdoor Noise Climate was (15.4 ± 3.9 & 19.8 ± 2.3 dBA) in the school located on the Highway area is due to the flow of heavy vehicular traffic on the Highway and the Traffic Noise Index was also high in schools located on the Highway (97.5 ± 7.6 dBA). The Noise Pollution Level (LNP) value was also found to be high in the Highway area (72.8 ± 10.7 & 82.8 ± 3.0 dBA). The findings of this study will be beneficial for policymakers and stakeholders in the context of noise pollution management in schools with evolving noisescape of Kargil town.
Behavior of a novel corrugated grouted sleeve splice for prefabricated construction under uniaxial tensile loading
Authors: Wei Muwang , Jinru Du , Huawei Li , Nengzhong Lei , Yiyang Huang , Boren Xiao 
Published: March 2023

A corrugated grouted sleeve (CGS) made of a seamless tube, which is easy to produce at low cost, is presented. To investigate the connection behavior of CGS splices, a total of 33 specimens are manufactured and tested under monotonic loads. The effects of the corrugation number, groove depth, and steel bar diameter on the connection performance of the CGS are examined. The test results show that the proposed CGS is deemed an effective and reliable steel bar connector for precast structure buildings due to the groove in the corrugation, which plays a key role as a wedge to prevent bond failure of the steel bar splice and enhance the confinement action of the sleeve; one corrugation formed by the roll extrusion method at the end of the seamless tube is sufficient to provide a wedge action to ensure steel bar failure first; the depth of the groove is suggested to be more than 2 mm to ensure that the bond strength is sufficient before steel bar fracture. Finally, an analytical model is proposed to predict the tensile resistance of the CGS considering the influence of confinement caused by the corrugations, and the predictions are in good agreement with the experimental data.
Medical and nursing clinician perspectives on the usability of the hospital electronic medical record: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Lloyd Sheree , Long Karrie , Probst Yasmine , Di Donato Josie , Oshni Alvandi Abraham , Roach Jeremy , Bain Christopher 
Published: March 2023

Background Electronic medical records (EMRs) have been widely implemented in Australian hospitals. Their usability and design to support clinicians to effectively deliver and document care is essential, as is their impact on clinical workflow, safety and quality, communication, and collaboration across health systems. Perceptions of, and data about, usability of EMRs implemented in Australian hospitals are key to successful adoption. Objective To explore perspectives of medical and nursing clinicians on EMR usability utilising free-text data collected in a survey. Method Qualitative analysis of one free-text optional question included in a web-based survey. Respondents included medical and nursing/midwifery professionals in Australian hospitals (85 doctors and 27 nurses), who commented on the usability of the main EMR used. Results Themes identified related to the status of EMR implementation, system design, human factors, safety and risk, system response time, and stability, alerts, and supporting the collaboration between healthcare sectors. Positive factors included ability to view information from any location; ease of medication documentation; and capacity to access diagnostic test results. Usability concerns included lack of intuitiveness; complexity; difficulties communicating with primary and other care sectors; and time taken to perform clinical tasks. Conclusion If the benefits of EMRs are to be realised, there are good reasons to address the usability challenges identified by clinicians. Easy solutions that could improve the usability experience of hospital-based clinicians include resolving sign-on issues, use of templates, and more intelligent alerts and warnings to avoid errors. Implications These essential improvements to the usability of the EMR, which are the foundation of the digital health system, will enable hospital clinicians to deliver safer and more effective health care.
Reverse engineering environmental metatranscriptomes clarifies best practices for eukaryotic assembly
Authors: Krinos Arianna I. , Cohen Natalie R. , Follows Michael J. , Alexander Harriet 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiverse communities of microbial eukaryotes in the global ocean provide a variety of essential ecosystem services, from primary production and carbon flow through trophic transfer to cooperation via symbioses. Increasingly, these communities are being understood through the lens of omics tools, which enable high-throughput processing of diverse communities. Metatranscriptomics offers an understanding of near real-time gene expression in microbial eukaryotic communities, providing a window into community metabolic activity.ResultsHere we present a workflow for eukaryotic metatranscriptome assembly, and validate the ability of the pipeline to recapitulate real and manufactured eukaryotic community-level expression data. We also include an open-source tool for simulating environmental metatranscriptomes for testing and validation purposes. We reanalyze previously published metatranscriptomic datasets using our metatranscriptome analysis approach.ConclusionWe determined that a multi-assembler approach improves eukaryotic metatranscriptome assembly based on recapitulated taxonomic and functional annotations from an in-silico mock community. The systematic validation of metatranscriptome assembly and annotation methods provided here is a necessary step to assess the fidelity of our community composition measurements and functional content assignments from eukaryotic metatranscriptomes.
Which data subset should be augmented for deep learning? a simulation study using urothelial cell carcinoma histopathology images
Authors: Ameen Yusra A. , Badary Dalia M. , Abonnoor Ahmad Elbadry I. , Hussain Khaled F. , Sewisy Adel A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Applying deep learning to digital histopathology is hindered by the scarcity of manually annotated datasets. While data augmentation can ameliorate this obstacle, its methods are far from standardized. Our aim was to systematically explore the effects of skipping data augmentation; applying data augmentation to different subsets of the whole dataset (training set, validation set, test set, two of them, or all of them); and applying data augmentation at different time points (before, during, or after dividing the dataset into three subsets). Different combinations of the above possibilities resulted in 11 ways to apply augmentation. The literature contains no such comprehensive systematic comparison of these augmentation ways.

Results
Non-overlapping photographs of all tissues on 90 hematoxylin-and-eosin-stained urinary bladder slides were obtained. Then, they were manually classified as either inflammation (5948 images), urothelial cell carcinoma (5811 images), or invalid (3132 images; excluded). If done, augmentation was eight-fold by flipping and rotation. Four convolutional neural networks (Inception-v3, ResNet-101, GoogLeNet, and SqueezeNet), pre-trained on the ImageNet dataset, were fine-tuned to binary classify images of our dataset. This task was the benchmark for our experiments. Model testing performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. Model validation accuracy was also estimated. The best testing performance was achieved when augmentation was done to the remaining data after test-set separation, but before division into training and validation sets. This leaked information between the training and the validation sets, as evidenced by the optimistic validation accuracy. However, this leakage did not cause the validation set to malfunction. Augmentation before test-set separation led to optimistic results. Test-set augmentation yielded more accurate evaluation metrics with less uncertainty. Inception-v3 had the best overall testing performance.

Conclusions
In digital histopathology, augmentation should include both the test set (after its allocation), and the remaining combined training/validation set (before being split into separate training and validation sets). Future research should try to generalize our results.