bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triceps surae muscle forces during dynamic exercises in patients with Achilles tendinopathy: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Mylle Ine , Crouzier Marion , Hollville Enzo , Bogaerts Stijn , Vanwanseele Benedicte 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to investigate the individual triceps surae muscle forces during the execution of six different functional movements and rehabilitation exercises in patients with Achilles tendinopathy compared to a control group.MethodsTriceps surae muscle forces of 15 participants with Achilles tendinopathy (AT) and 15 healthy controls were estimated through a combination of experimental data and musculo‐skeletal modeling. Three‐dimensional motion capture and force plates were used to collect the ankle and knee joint angles and moments during three functional movements (walking, heel walking, and toe walking) and three rehabilitation exercises (bilateral heel drop, unilateral heel drop with extended knee and with flexed knee). A dynamic optimization method was used to obtain the modeled triceps surae muscle forces. Force‐sharing strategies were calculated at the peak triceps surae muscle force and compared between groups.ResultsLower peak triceps surae forces were obtained for the AT group during dynamic exercises. Across all exercises, the average contribution of the soleus (SOL) to the total triceps surae muscle force was the largest (60.83 ± 13.89% [AT] > 56.90 ± 16.18% [healthy]), followed by the gastrocnemius medialis (29.87 ± 10.67% [AT] < 32.19 ± 12.90% [healthy]) and the gastrocnemius lateralis (9.30 ± 4.31% [AT] < 10.91 ± 4.66% [healthy]). The triceps surae force‐sharing strategy was different for the toe walking, heel walking, and the bilateral and unilateral heel drop with extended knee.ConclusionThis study provides evidence for altered triceps surae muscle force‐sharing strategies during dynamic tasks in patients with AT. The influence of altered muscle force‐sharing on the subtendon nonuniformity and/or the tendon loading should be explored in future work.
Heavy metal in Turkey: Tracking the tensions of democratization in the 1990s
Authors: Yildirim Yavuz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMusic, as a form of public discourse, invariably becomes a social science field that is considered more in the postmodern era when the boundaries are blurred. This study examines the political and cultural links between the emergence of the heavy metal genre and Turkish democracy. There are correlations between the prevalence of heavy metal in Turkey and the country's social and political transition in the 1990s and the search for a new path. The main argument here is that, among the country's tense democratization efforts and social problems, the heavy metal genre also indirectly carries the distinct traces of a different political search for the youth of the 1990s, although not directly. Democratic politics is a process established by daily life with the direct influence of societal interactions, and Turkish politics, and cultural life, in this case, heavy metal, include important notions in this remarkable manner. The main point symbolized by metal music in Turkey was its lyrical and artistic ability to express different points of view loudly enough against the uniform religious and nationalist culture that could be offensive, while other mainstream ranges such as pop and arabesque music didn't mind this issue.
Social class, social networks and variety of weak and strong practices
Authors: Cebula Michał 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMost research on the structural foundations of cultural consumption views tastes and practices as a better or worse emanation of social class or status. In contrast, this paper shows that cultural consumption is also embedded in a larger system of social networks. Not only does it examine whether having more diversified personal network translates into being involved in a wider range of cultural activities (omnivorousness), it also tests whether holding networks of different strength corresponds with different levels of cultural engagement (strong vs. weak). Based on the survey data collected in Poland in 2017, the analyses yield three main findings. First, cultural consumption continues to reflect social class divisions and is a potential mechanism for social exclusion. Second, network diversity is associated with cultural variety independently of class position. Third, the number of weak ties people hold is more strongly associated with the number of “weak” practices (that is practices of less frequency) and the number of strong ties is positively associated with the number of strong practices (voraciousness). These findings are discussed in terms of balance theory, interactional foci and weak versus strong culture. The implications of the article are that omnivorism both signifies class boundaries and indicates participation in different network structures.
Effects of reverse geocoding on OpenStreetMap tag quality assessment
Authors: Kilic Batuhan , Hacar Müslüm , Gülgen Fatih 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOpenStreetMap (OSM), a widely‐used open‐source geographic information system platform, provides a vast geographic dataset in which users contribute both geometric information (nodes, ways, and relations) and semantic information (tags). This method of voluntary contributions is governed by the collective effort of the users. It is widely acknowledged that the quantity of tag information is substantial, but its quality is often poor. Researchers are therefore trying to assess the quality of the tags and enhance the data through various integration experiments. This article investigates the validity of the tags for geographical objects in metropolitan areas using municipal data and a reverse geocoding technique. The proposed method evaluates the data quality and the matching process carried out by reverse geocoding, using municipal points of interest as a reference. The accuracy of the tag and address information and road network centrality metrics were assessed for the OSM objects that were matched to the locations of interest. The tags were found to match the points of interest with an accuracy of 88%. Furthermore, the tag values were categorized and analyzed based on their similarity. It is concluded that in metropolitan settings where centers of interest are closely located, the accuracy of tags and addresses tends to decrease.
The economic growth–travel frequency nexus in China: Importance of the transport Kuznets curve
Authors: Jiao Zhilun , Shafiullah Muhammad , Khalid Usman , Song Malin , Shahbaz Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study pioneers the analysis of transport Kuznets curve (TKC) for passengers in 31 Chinese provinces using data from 1980 to 2018 and a comprehensive non‐parametric econometric analysis approach. The empirical analysis finds convergence among most of the provinces in terms of travel frequency and economic growth, as well as the nexus between the variables. There is a non‐linear positive effect of economic growth on travel frequency in all 31 provinces, and evidence for the existence of TKC – in full or in part – in 30 provinces. The study provides the initial motivation for policymakers to undertake policies and projects commensurate with each province's transport growth nexus.
Combining ultrasound radiomics, complete blood count, and serum biochemical biomarkers for diagnosing intestinal disorders in cats using machine learning
Authors: Basran Parminder S. , Shcherban Natalya , Forman Marnin , Chang Jasmine , Nelissen Sophie , Recchia Benjamin K. , Porter Ian R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis retrospective analytical observational cohort study aimed to model and predict the classification of feline intestinal diseases from segmentations of a transverse section from small intestine ultrasound (US) image, complete blood count (CBC), and serum biochemical profile data using a variety of machine‐learning approaches. In 149 cats from three institutions, images were obtained from cats with biopsy‐confirmed small cell epitheliotropic lymphoma (lymphoma), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), no pathology (“healthy”), and other conditions (warrant a biopsy for further diagnosis). CBC, blood serum chemistry, small intestinal ultrasound, and small intestinal biopsy were obtained within a 2‐week interval. CBC and serum biomarkers and radiomic features were combined for modeling. Four classification schemes were investigated: (1) normal versus abnormal; (2) warranting or not warranting a biopsy; (3) lymphoma, IBD, healthy, or other conditions; and (4) lymphoma, IBD, or other conditions. Two feature selection methods were used to identify the top 3, 5, 10, and 20 features, and six machine learning models were trained. The average (95% CI) performance of models for all combinations of features, numbers of features, and types of classifiers was 0.886 (0.871–0.912) for Model 1 (normal vs. abnormal), 0.751 (0.735–0.818) for Model 2 (biopsy vs. no biopsy), 0.504 (0.450–0.556) for Model 3 (lymphoma, IBD, healthy, or other), and 0.531 (0.426–0.589), for Model 4 (lymphoma, IBD, or other). Our findings suggest model accuracies above 0.85 can be achieved in Model 1 and 2, and that including CBC and biochemistry data with US radiomics data did not significantly improve accuracy in our models.
A type I conjecture and boundary representations of hyperbolic groups
Authors: Caprace Pierre‐Emmanuel , Kalantar Mehrdad , Monod Nicolas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe establish new results on the weak containment of quasi‐regular and Koopman representations of a second countable locally compact group associated with nonsingular ‐spaces. We deduce that any two boundary representations of a hyperbolic locally compact group are weakly equivalent. We also show that nonamenable hyperbolic locally compact groups with a cocompact amenable subgroup are characterized by the property that any two proper length functions are homothetic up to an additive constant. Combining those results with the work of Ł. Garncarek on the irreducibility of boundary representations of discrete hyperbolic groups, we deduce that a type I hyperbolic group with a cocompact lattice contains a cocompact amenable subgroup. Specializing to groups acting on trees, we answer a question of C. Houdayer and S. Raum.
Limited sulfur degassing and muted environmental impact of Ontong Java Plateau lavas
Authors: Eguchi James , Ding Shuo , Black Benjamin A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The mainly deep-submarine Ontong Java Plateau (OJP) is the result of the largest outpouring of lava in the geologic record. Volcanic events of this magnitude can have dramatic environmental impacts due to volatile emissions. We report new S measurements in naturally glassy, olivine-hosted melt inclusions and pillow basalt glasses from the OJP. We combined these data with previous S measurements in OJP glasses to quantify S degassing in a suite of OJP glasses. Comparison with an S degassing model suggests OJP lavas that erupted at depths ~&gt;1500 m did not degas S; OJP lavas that erupted at depths ~&lt;1500 m degassed up to ~40% initial S, but these lavas likely made up a small fraction of OJP lavas. This result suggests that despite its large volume compared to continental large igneous provinces (LIPs), OJP lavas emitted less S, potentially contributing to its muted environmental impact. The OJP may provide a framework for the temporal evolution of S degassing at oceanic LIPs, with early eruptions at great water depths releasing limited to no S, and later eruptions at shallow water depths releasing larger, but still limited amounts of S. This framework may also have implications for continental LIP magmas, which may release significant amounts of CO2 but limited amounts of S during intrusive activity, with magmatic S emissions only becoming important during extrusive phases.
Long-term opioid therapy trajectories and overdose in patients with and without cancer
Authors: Merlin Jessica , Black Anne C , Midboe Amanda M , Troszak Lara , Asch Steven , Bohnert Amy , Fenton Brenda , Giannitrapani Karleen , Glassman Peter , Kerns Robert D , Silveira Maria , Lorenz Karl , Abel Erica , Becker William 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivePain is experienced by most patients with cancer and opioids are a cornerstone of management. Our objectives were (1) to identify patterns or trajectories of long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) and their correlates among patients with and without cancer and (2) to assess the association between trajectories and risk for opioid overdose, considering the potential moderating role of cancer.Methods and analysisWe conducted a retrospective cohort study among individuals in the US Veterans Health Administration database with incident LTOT with and without cancer (N=44 351; N=285 772, respectively) between 2010 and 2017. We investigated the relationship between LTOT trajectory and all International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9-defined and ICD-10-defined accidental and intentional opioid-related overdoses.ResultsTrajectories of opioid receipt observed in patients without cancer and replicated in patients with cancer were: low-dose/stable trend, low-dose/de-escalating trend, moderate-dose/stable trend, moderate-dose/escalating with quadratic downturn trend and high-dose/escalating with quadratic downturn trend. Time to first overdose was significantly predicted by higher-dose and escalating trajectories; the two low-dose trajectories conferred similar, lower risk. Conditional HRs (99% CI) for the moderate-dose, moderate-dose/escalating with quadratic downturn and high-dose/escalating with quadratic downturn trends were 1.84 (1.18 to 2.85), 2.56 (1.54 to 4.25) and 2.41 (1.37 to 4.26), respectively. Effects of trajectories on time to overdose did not differ by presence of cancer; inferences were replicated when restricting to patients with stage 3/4 cancer.ConclusionPatients with cancer face opioid overdose risks such as patients without cancer. Future studies should seek to expand and address our knowledge about opioid risk in patients with cancer.
Effects of custom insoles for symptomatic hallux valgus: protocol for a sham-controlled randomised trial
Authors: Cavalcanti Racklayne Ramos , Mendes André Augusto Martines Teixeira , Barbosa Germanna Medeiros , de Souza Marcelo Cardoso 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionHallux valgus (HV) is one of the most prevalent forefoot deformities, and its frequency increases with age, reaching nearly 23% in adulthood (females are usually more affected). Studies on customised insoles and orthoses for HV showed inconclusive results. There is no consensus in literature regarding the ideal insole or length of use for pain relief or functional improvement in individuals with HV. This study will assess the effects of a customised insole with retrocapital bar associated with an infracapital bar of the first metatarsal on pain and function of individuals with symptomatic HV.MethodsThis is the protocol for a blinded, sham-controlled randomised clinical trial. Eighty participants with symptomatic HV will be randomised into two groups (40 per group): customised insole or sham insole. Assessments will be performed at baseline (T0), six (T6) and 12 weeks (T12) of intervention. A follow-up will occur after 4 weeks of intervention (T16). The primary and secondary outcomes will be pain (Numerical Pain Scale) and function (Foot Function Index), respectively.Statistical analysisAnalysis of variance with a mixed design or Friedman’s test will be considered according to data distribution; post-hoc analyses will be performed using Bonferroni test. Time × group interaction and within-group and between-group differences will also be assessed. The intent-to-treat analysis will be used. A significance level of 5% and 95% s will be adopted for all statistical analyses.Ethics and disseminationThis protocol was approved by the research ethics committee of the Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi/Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN/FACISA; opinion number 5411306). The study results will be disseminated to participants, submitted to a peer-reviewed journal and presented in scientific meetings.Trial registrations numberNCT05408156.
The eliminate hepatitis C (EC) experience study: baseline characteristics of a cohort of people who inject drugs in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Gunn Jack , O’Keefe Daniel , Draper Bridget Louise , Djordjevic Filip , Ryan Kathleen , Kerr Phoebe , Elsum Imogen , Gold Judy , Layton Chloe , Chan Kico , Dietze Paul , Higgs Peter , Doyle Joseph , Stoové Mark A , Hellard Margaret , Pedrana Alisa 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesDirect-acting antivirals provide an opportunity to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a public health threat in Australia, yet barriers to care remain. In this study, we use baseline data from a longitudinal cohort of people who inject drugs to understand differences in participant characteristics and explore experiences of stigma, health service utilisation and health literacy between three care cascade groups.DesignCross-sectional.SettingCommunity and private primary healthcare services in Melbourne, Australia.ParticipantsParticipants completed baseline surveys between 19 September 2018 and 15 December 2020. We recruited 288 participants; the median age was 42 years (IQR: 37–49 years) and 198 (69%) were male. At baseline, 103 (36%) self-reported being ‘not engaged in testing’, 127 (44%) had HCV RNA positivity but were ‘not engaged in treatment’ and 58 (20%) were ‘engaged in HCV treatment’.Outcome measuresDescriptive statistics were used to present the baseline demographics, health service utilisation and experiences of stigma data. We explored differences in these scales between participant demographics using χ2test or fisher’s exact tests, and differences between health literacy scores using one-way analysis of variance tests.ResultsA majority were in regular contact with multiple health services, and most had previously been identified as at-risk of HCV. In the 12 months preceding baseline, 70% reported any experiences of stigma related to injecting drug use. Assessment of health literacy data identified gaps for those ‘not engaged in testing’ and ‘not engaged in treatment’ across two relevant domains: ‘ability to appraise health information’ and ‘ability to actively engage with healthcare providers’.ConclusionIn eliminate hepatitis C experience, lower HCV testing and treatment may be explained by experiences of stigmatisation or gaps in health literacy. Enhanced interventions targeting people who inject drugs to promote HCV care are needed.
Evolution of proton pump inhibitor prescribing from 2017 to 2021 at 14 secondary and tertiary hospitals in China：a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Zeng Min , Li Yuan , Chen Tao , Zhang Shengmin , Luo Hongli 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to describe the trend in prescribing proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and expenditure in both secondary and tertiary hospitals in China between 2017 and 2021.DesignMulticentre cross-sectional survey.SettingChina, 14 medical centres, January 2017 to December 2021.Participants537 284 participants who were treated with PPI in 14 medical centres of China, between January 2017 and December 2021 were included.Main outcomes and measuresThe rate of PPI prescriptions, the defined daily doses (DDDs), DDDs/1000 inhabitants per day (DDDs/TID) and expenditure were analysed and plotted to demonstrate changes in prescription PPI use and expenditure.ResultsFor both outpatient and inpatient settings, the rate of PPI prescribing decreased from 2017 to 2021. In outpatient settings, decreased slightly from 3.4% to 2.8%, however, in inpatient settings, showed a progressive decrease from 26.7% to 14.0%. The overall rate of injectable PPI prescriptions for inpatients decreased significantly from 21.2% to 7.3% between 2017 and 2021. Decreased trends in usage of oral PPI were observed (from 280 750 DDDs to 255 121 DDDs) between 2017 and 2021. However, usage of injectable PPI showed a significantly decrease from 191 451 DDDs to 68 806 DDDs from 2017 to 2021. In terms of DDDs/TID of PPI for inpatients decreased dramatically from 52.3 to 30.2 for the past 5 years. Expenditure on oral PPI decreased slightly from ¥1.98 million (Chinese currency Renminbi ‘yuan’) to ¥1.23 million for the past 5 years, whereas expenditure on injectable PPI showed a marked decrease from ¥2.61 million to ¥0.94 million. There was no statistical difference in both PPI use and expenditure between secondary and tertiary hospitals during the study period.ConclusionsDecreased PPI use and expenditure were observed among secondary and tertiary hospitals over the past 5 years (2017–2021).
Evaluating a new emergency department avoidance service for older people: patient and relative experiences
Authors: Greene Leanne , Lane Rachel , Crotty Maria , Whitehead Craig , Potter Elizabeth , Bierer Petra , Laver Kate 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundHigh emergency department (ED) usage by older individuals for non-emergencies is a global concern. ED avoidance initiatives have proven effective in addressing this issue. To specifically cater to individuals aged 65 and above, the Southern Adelaide Local Health Network introduced an innovative ED avoidance service. This study assessed the acceptability of the service among its users.MethodThe Complex And RestorativE (CARE) Centre is a six-bed unit staffed by a multidisciplinary geriatric team. Patients are transported directly to CARE after calling for an ambulance and being triaged by a paramedic. The evaluation took place between September 2021 and September 2022. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with patients and relatives who had accessed the service. Data analysis was performed using a six-step thematic analysis.ResultsSeventeen patients and 15 relatives were interviewed, who described the experience of 32 attendances to the urgent CARE centre between them. Patients accessed the service for several reasons but over half were associated with falls. There was a hesitation to call emergency services for several reasons, the primary being long wait times in ED and/or the prospect of an overnight stay in hospital. Some individuals attempted to contact their General Practitioner (GP) for the presenting problem but were unable to get a timely appointment. Most participants had previously attended a local ED and had a negative experience. All individuals reported favouring the CARE centre over the traditional ED for numerous reasons including a quieter and safer environment and specially trained geriatric staff who were less rushed than ED staff. Several participants would have appreciated a standardised follow-up process after discharge.ConclusionOur findings suggest that ED admission avoidance programmes may be an acceptable alternative treatment for older people requiring urgent care, potentially benefiting both public health systems and user experience.