bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of machine learning based radiomics model in preoperative detection of perineural invasion in gastric cancer: a two-center study
Authors: Gao Xujie , Cui Jingli , Wang Lingwei , Wang Qiuyan , Ma Tingting , Yang Jilong , Ye Zhaoxiang 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo establish and validate a machine learning based radiomics model for detection of perineural invasion (PNI) in gastric cancer (GC).MethodsThis retrospective study included a total of 955 patients with GC selected from two centers; they were separated into training (n=603), internal testing (n=259), and external testing (n=93) sets. Radiomic features were derived from three phases of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan images. Seven machine learning (ML) algorithms including least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), naïve Bayes (NB), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), decision tree (DT), logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and support vector machine (SVM) were trained for development of optimal radiomics signature. A combined model was constructed by aggregating the radiomic signatures and important clinicopathological characteristics. The predictive ability of the radiomic model was then assessed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curve analyses in all three sets.ResultsThe PNI rates for the training, internal testing, and external testing sets were 22.1, 22.8, and 36.6%, respectively. LASSO algorithm was selected for signature establishment. The radiomics signature, consisting of 8 robust features, revealed good discrimination accuracy for the PNI in all three sets (training set: AUC = 0.86; internal testing set: AUC = 0.82; external testing set: AUC = 0.78). The risk of PNI was significantly associated with higher radiomics scores. A combined model that integrated radiomics and T stage demonstrated enhanced accuracy and excellent calibration in all three sets (training set: AUC = 0.89; internal testing set: AUC = 0.84; external testing set: AUC = 0.82).ConclusionThe suggested radiomics model exhibited satisfactory prediction performance for the PNI in GC.
A shared love: reciprocity and hopefulness in romantic relationships of young adults with chronic pain
Authors: Carter Bernie , Jordan Abbie , Forgeron Paula , Qualter Pamela , Saron Holly 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionChronic pain (≥3 months) creates pain-related challenges that may negatively affect how young adults perceive themselves, and, indeed, they often report feeling different compared to peers and prospective romantic partners. Most studies of romantic relationships in young adults living with a long-term condition (including pain), do not consider the perspective of their partner. We present the findings of a qualitative, exploratory interview study (Phase 2 of a mixed methods study). This qualitative phase aimed to explore how young adults with chronic pain and their partners navigate romantic relationships. We focused on how young adults perceive and experience their romantic relationships and the impact, challenges, and benefits associated with living with chronic pain.MethodsThis study used remote (videoconferencing) photo-elicitation interviews with a convenience sample of young adults with chronic pain (aged 18–25 years, UK and Canada) and their partners. Recruitment occurred via social media, pain-related websites and organizations, and professional networks. Five young adults with chronic pain from the UK and Canada formed the e-Advisory Group and provided detailed advice throughout the study. Data analysis used the principles of inductive reflexive thematic analysis to explore the dimensions and meaning of romantic relationships from the views of young adults with chronic pain and their romantic partners.FindingsSixteen young adults participated (seven couples plus two young adults with pain who were interviewed without their partner). The young adults with chronic pain were ages 18–24 years (mean 21.88 years, SD 2.23). Four major interpretive themes were generated: Kindred spirits—we just sort of work; Loving in everyday acts—it's not above and beyond, it's concerned supportiveness; It's OK to be vulnerable with each other—we can talk it through; and You can't see over the horizon—hopes and fears for the future.DiscussionHopefulness and reciprocity were key to the stories shared by the young adults in the current study. Despite the challenges and limitations imposed by chronic pain, their relationships were characterized by partnership and reciprocity, and they were able to be vulnerable with each other and offer each other support.
Percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation improves comorbidities in children with cyclic vomiting syndrome
Authors: Karrento Katja , Zhang Liyun , Conley William , Qazi Zeeshan , Venkatesan Thangam , Simpson Pippa , Li B U.K. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionChildren with cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) frequently suffer from disabling abdominal pain and comorbidities that impair quality of life. A noninvasive, auricular percutaneous electrical nerve field stimulation (PENFS) device is shown to be effective for abdominal pain in children with disorders of gut–brain interaction. We aimed to determine the effects of PENFS on pain, common comorbidities, and quality of life in pediatric CVS.MethodsChildren aged 8–18 years with drug-refractory CVS were enrolled in a prospective, open-label study receiving 6 consecutive weeks of PENFS. Subjects completed the following surveys at baseline, during/after therapy (week 6), and at extended follow-up approximately 4–6 months later: Abdominal Pain Index (API), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Pediatric Profile-37.ResultsThirty subjects were included. Median (interquartile range, IQR) age was 10.5 (8.5–15.5) years; 60% were female. Median API scores decreased from baseline to week 6 (p = 0.003) and to extended follow-up (p &lt; 0.0001). State anxiety scores decreased from baseline to week 6 (p &lt; 0.0001) and to extended follow-up (p &lt; 0.0001). There were short-term improvements in sleep at 6 weeks (p = 0.031) but not at extended follow-up (p = 0.22). Quality of life measures of physical function, anxiety, fatigue, and pain interference improved short-term, while there were long-term benefits for anxiety. No serious side effects were reported.ConclusionsThis is the first study to demonstrate the efficacy of auricular neurostimulation using PENFS for pain and several disabling comorbidities in pediatric CVS. PENFS improves anxiety, sleep, and several aspects of quality of life with long-term benefits for anxiety.Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03434652.
A two-center retrospective study: association of early caffeine administration and oxygen radical diseases in neonatology in Chinese preterm neonates
Authors: Ye Huiqing , Bai Liyang , Yang Manting , Yang Xiaoyuan , Zheng Maofei , Zhong Xiaobing , Yang Lifen , Chen Zhuanggui , Zhong Xinqi 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionSince December 2012, the prophylactic use of caffeine to treat AOP in preterm infants has been approved in China. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between early caffeine treatment initiation and the incidence of oxygen radical diseases in neonatology (ORDIN) in Chinese preterm infants.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at two hospitals in South China, involving 452 preterm infants with gestational ages less than 37 weeks. The infants were divided into early (227 cases, initiating within 48 h after birth) and late (225 cases, initiating over 48 h after birth) caffeine treatment group. Logistic regression analysis and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the association between early caffeine treatment and the incidence of ORDIN.ResultsThe results showed that extremely preterm infants in early treatment group had a lower incidence of PIVH and ROP compared to those in the late treatment group (PIVH, 20.1% versus 47.8%, P = 0.02; ROP, 70.8% versus 89.9%, P = 0.025). Very preterm infants in the early treatment group had a lower incidence of BPD and PIVH compared to those in the late treatment group (BPD, 43.8% versus 63.1%, P = 0.002; PIVH, 9.0% versus 22.3%, P = 0.001). Moreover, VLBW infants who received early caffeine treatment exhibited a decreased incidence of BPD (55.9% versus 80.9%, P = 0.000), PIVH (11.8% versus 33.1%, P = 0.000), and ROP (69.9% versus 79.8%, P = 0.043) compared to those in the late treatment group. Infants in the early caffeine treatment showed a reduced likelihood of PIVH (adjusted odds ratio, 0.407; 95%CI, 0.188–0.846) but did not exhibit a significant association with other terms of ORDIN. ROC analysis revealed that early initiation of caffeine treatment was associated with lower risk of BPD, PIVH, and ROP in preterm infants.DiscussionIn conclusion, this study demonstrates that early initiation of caffeine treatment is associated with a decreased incidence of PIVH in Chinese preterm infants. Further prospective investigations are necessary to verify and elucidate the precise effects of early caffeine treatment on complications in preterm Chinese infants.
Research progress of sophoridine’s pharmacological activities and its molecular mechanism: an updated review
Authors: Chen Yiwei , Wang Xiang , Ye Dongmei , Yang Zhousheng , Shen Qingrong , Liu Xiaoxia , Chen Chunxia , Chen Xiaoyu 
Published: June 2023

Background: Sophoridine, the major active constituent of Sophora alopecuroides and its roots, is a bioactive alkaloid with a wide range of pharmacological effects, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, analgesic, cardioprotective, and immunoprotective activities. Sophora flavescens Aiton is a traditional Chinese medicine that is bitter and cold. Additionally, it also exhibits the effects of clearing heat, eliminating dampness, and expelling insects.Aims of the study: To summarize the pharmacological research and associated mechanisms of sophoridine, we compiled this review by combining a huge body of relevant literature.Materials and methods: The information related to this article was systematically collected from the scientific literature databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, published books, PhD and MS dissertations.Results: Its antitumor activity is particularly remarkable, as it can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis while inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Additionally, sophoridine also holds therapeutic potential for myocardial ischemia, osteoporosis, arrhythmias, and neurological disorders, primarily through the suppression of related inflammatory factors and cell apoptosis. However, sophoridine has also exhibited adverse effects such as hepatotoxicity and neurotoxicity. The antidisease effect and mechanism of sophoridine are diverse, so it has high research value.Conclusion: As an important traditional Chinese medicine alkaloid, modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that sophoridine has prominent bioactivities, especially on anti-tumor anti-inflammation activities, and cardiovascular system protection. These activities provide prospects for novel drug development for cancer and some chronic diseases. Nevertheless, the understanding of the multitarget network pharmacology, long-term in vivo toxicity, and clinical efficacy of sophoridine require further detailed research.
Network pharmacology-based approach to explore the underlying mechanism of sinomenine on sepsis-induced myocardial injury in rats
Authors: Sun Linggang , Chen Zhiyun , Ni Yunjie , He Zhengfei 
Published: June 2023

Background: Sepsis, a systemic disease, usually induces myocardial injury (MI), and sepsis-induced MI has become a significant contributor to sepsis-related deaths in the intensive care unit. The objective of this study is to investigate the role of sinomenine (SIN) on sepsis-induced MI and clarify the underlying mechanism based on the techniques of network pharmacology.Methods: Cecum ligation and puncture (CLP) was adopted to induce sepsis in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Serum indicators, echocardiographic cardiac parameters, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining were conducted to gauge the severity of cardiac damage. The candidate targets and potential mechanism of SIN against sepsis-induced MI were analyzed via network pharmacology. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed for detecting the serum concentration of inflammatory cytokines. Western blot was applied for evaluating the levels of protein expression. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling assay was applied to assess cardiomyocyte apoptosis.Results: SIN significantly improved the cardiac functions, and attenuated myocardial structural damage of rats as compared with the CLP group. In total, 178 targets of SIN and 945 sepsis-related genes were identified, and 33 overlapped targets were considered as candidate targets of SIN against sepsis. Enrichment analysis results demonstrated that these putative targets were significantly associated with the Interleukin 17 (IL-17) signal pathway, inflammatory response, cytokines-mediated signal pathway, and Janus Kinase-Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway. Molecular docking suggested that SIN had favorable binding affinities with Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8 (MAPK8), Janus Kinase 1 (JAK1), Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2), Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). SIN significantly reduced the serum concentration of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 (CXCL8), lowered the protein expression of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 (JNK1), JAK1, JAK2, STAT3, NF-κB, and decreased the proportion of cleaved-caspase3/caspase3. In addition, SIN also significantly inhibited the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes as compared with the CLP group.Conclusion: Based on network pharmacology analysis and corresponding experiments, it was concluded that SIN could mediate related targets and pathways to protect against sepsis-induced MI.
Enhanced heroin analgesic effect in male offspring of sires who self-administered heroin
Authors: Gao Wenjing , Pan Tao , Fan Guangyuan , Cui Jian , Wang Tingting , Huang Nan , Jiang Changyou , Ma Lan , Wang Feifei , Liu Xing , Le Qiumin 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: A growing body of evidence suggests that parental substance abuse, even prior to conception, may induce phenotypic changes in offspring. Parental opioid exposure has been shown to affect developmental processes, induce memory deficits, and lead to psycho-emotional disorders in offspring. However, how parental, especially paternal, chronic drug exposure affects offspring remains unexplored.Methods: Adult male rats were subjected to 31 days of heroin self-administration followed by mating with naïve females. Litter size and body weight of F1 offspring were recorded. Object-based attention tests, cocaine self-administration tests, and hot plate tests were used to test for potential effects of chronic paternal heroin seeking on cognition, reward, or analgesic sensitivity in the offspring.Results: Body weight and litter size of the heroin F1 generation were not altered compared to the saline F1 generation. Furthermore, paternal chronic heroin self-administration experience had no significant effect on object-based attention tests or cocaine self-administration behavior in either sex. However, in the hot plate test, although no difference in basal latency was found between the two groups in either sex, a significant increase in the analgesic effect of heroin was observed in the male heroin F1 generation.Conclusions: Taken together, these data provide evidence that paternal chronic heroin self-administration experience could sex-dimorphically increase the analgesic effect of heroin in male offspring, but had no significant effect on response to cocaine reinforcement or attentional behavior.
Public attitudes toward COVID-19 misbehaviors: Perceived seriousness of the misbehavior and perceived severity of the appropriate punishment
Authors: Levy Inna , Cohen-Louck Keren , Herzog Sergio 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis interdisciplinary study explores attitudes toward health-related misbehaviors from a criminological point of view by comparing attitudes toward COVID-19 misbehaviors to the attitudes toward reckless behaviors related to driving and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients’ sexual behavior and identifying the predictors of attitudes toward COVID-19 misbehaviors.MethodsAn online factorial survey included 679 respondents aged 18–89  years. The participants read various scenarios related to the violation of COVID-19 restrictions, reckless sexual behavior among HIV patients, and reckless driving. The participants evaluated the seriousness of each behavior and the appropriate severity of the punishment in each scenario. Within the scenarios about COVID-19 misbehaviors, we manipulated such variables as the type of COVID-19 misbehavior and violators’ gender, ethnicity, and religiosity. Additionally, participants answered questions about their demographic characteristics, vaccination, fear of COVID-19, and perceived contribution of COVID-19 misbehaviors to COVID-19-related morbidity.ResultsThe results indicated that participants perceived COVID-19 misbehaviors as less serious (Mean = 8.11, S.D. = 2.49) and deserving a less severe punishment (Mean = 7.57, S.D. = 2.59) than reckless driving (Mean = 9.36, S.D. = 1.25; Mean = 9.09, S.D. = 1.30; respectively). Additionally, the key factor predicting public opinion regarding COVID-19-related misbehaviors was the perceived contribution of these misbehaviors to virus-related morbidity. The perceived contribution to morbidity explained 52% of the variance in the seriousness of misbehavior and 53% of the severity of appropriate punishment.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that it is critical to advocate for and reinforce the public’s understanding of the association between the increase in morbidity and the violation of restrictions preventing the transmission of viruses. Our findings also support the notion that the definitions of “crime” and “deviance” are not inherent or intrinsic but are created by the social context.
Developing a questionnaire to evaluate the health information literacy in China
Authors: Yu Xuan , Luo Meng , Wu Shouyuan , Zhang Juanjuan , Guo Qiangqiang , Wang Xiaohui , Tian Youzhong , Zhang Zhizhong , Chen Yaolong , Wen Jianqiang 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionHealth information literacy is critical for individuals to obtain, understand, screen, and apply health information. However, there is currently no specific tool available to evaluate all four dimensions of health information literacy in China. Public health emergencies can present an opportunity to evaluate and monitor the health information literacy level of residents. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a questionnaire to evaluate the level of health information literacy and to measure the reliability and validity.MethodsThe development process of the questionnaire consisted of the determination of questionnaire items, expert consultation, and validation. Based on the National Residents Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire (2020) and the 2019 Informed Health Choices key concepts, the researchers drafted the questionnaire, including all four dimensions of health information literacy. Experts in relevant fields were invited to evaluate the draft questionnaire, and revisions were made accordingly. Finally, the reliability and validity of the finalized version were examined in Gansu Province, China.ResultsThe research team preliminarily formulated 14 items encompassing the four dimensions of health information literacy. After consulting with 28 experts, modifications were made. A convenience sample of 185 Chinese residents was invited to participate. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.715 and McDonald's omega was 0.739 for internal consistency, and the test-retest intra-class correlation coefficient after 4 weeks was 0.906, indicating that the questionnaire content and measurement structure was relatively stable.ConclusionThis questionnaire is the first evidence-based assessment tool developed for monitoring health information literacy in China, and it has shown good reliability and validity. It can help to monitor the health information literacy levels of Chinese residents, promote evidence-based decision-making, and guide interventions to improve health information literacy.
Are older people worse off in 2040 regarding health and resources to deal with it? - Future developments in complex health problems and in the availability of resources to manage health problems in the Netherlands
Authors: Baâdoudi Fatiha , Picavet Susan H. S. J. , Hildrink Henk B. M. , Hendrikx Roy , Rijken Mieke , de Bruin Simone R. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionDeveloping sustainable health policy requires an understanding of the future demand for health and social care. We explored the characteristics of the 65+ population in the Netherlands in 2020 and 2040, focusing on two factors that determine care needs: (1) the occurrence of complex health problems and (2) the availability of resources to manage health and care (e.g., health literacy, social support).MethodsEstimations of the occurrence of complex health problems and the availability of resources for 2020 were based on registry data and patient-reported data. Estimations for 2040 were based on (a) expected demographic developments, and (b) expert opinions using a two-stage Delphi study with 26 experts from policy making, practice and research in the field of health and social care.ResultsThe proportion of people aged 65+ with complex health problems and limited resources is expected to increase from 10% in 2020 to 12% in 2040 based on demographic developments, and to 22% in 2040 based on expert opinions. There was high consensus (&gt;80%) that the proportion with complex health problems would be greater in 2040, and lower consensus (50%) on an increase of the proportion of those with limited resources. Developments that are expected to drive the future changes refer to changes in multimorbidity and in psychosocial status (e.g., more loneliness).ConclusionThe expected increased proportion of people aged 65+ with complex health problems and limited resources together with the expected health and social care workforce shortages represent large challenges for public health and social care policy.
Senolytic treatment with dasatinib and quercetin does not improve overall influenza responses in aged mice
Authors: Torrance Blake L. , Cadar Andreia N. , Martin Dominique E. , Panier Hunter A. , Lorenzo Erica C. , Bartley Jenna M. , Xu Ming , Haynes Laura 
Published: June 2023

Age is the greatest risk factor for adverse outcomes following influenza (flu) infection. The increased burden of senescent cells with age has been identified as a root cause in many diseases of aging and targeting these cells with drugs termed senolytics has shown promise in alleviating many age-related declines across organ systems. However, there is little known whether targeting these cells will improve age-related deficits in the immune system. Here, we utilized a well characterized senolytic treatment with a combination of dasatinib and quercetin (D + Q) to clear aged (18–20 months) mice of senescent cells prior to a flu infection. We comprehensively profiled immune responses during the primary infection as well as development of immune memory and protection following pathogen reencounter. Senolytic treatment did not improve any aspects of the immune response that were assayed for including: weight loss, viral load, CD8 T-cell infiltration, antibody production, memory T cell development, or recall ability. These results indicate that D + Q may not be an appropriate senolytic to improve aged immune responses to flu infection.