bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computing Finite Mixture Estimators in the Tails
Authors: Furno Marilena 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe finite mixtures approach identifies homogeneous groups within the sample. The data are aggregated into classes sharing similar patterns without any prior knowledge or assumption on the clustering. These clusters are characterized by group-specific regression coefficients to account for between groups heterogeneity. Two different approaches have been independently defined in the literature to compute this estimator not only at the conditional mean but also in the tails. One approach allows the grouping to change according to the selected location. The other defines the clusters once and for all at the conditional mean, and then moves the estimation to the tails, focusing on cluster specific estimates and allowing between groups comparison. Here we compare the behavior of both approaches, and in addition we consider a closely related estimator based on expectiles, together with few others more robust, quantile-based estimators. A case study on students’ performance concludes the analysis.
Could atmospheric temperature impact on adequate colon cleansing for colonoscopy? An observational, single-institution study
Authors: Maione Francesco , Manigrasso Michele , Milone Marco , Gennarelli Nicola , Maione Rosa , Cantore Grazia , Chini Alessia , De Palma Giovanni Domenico 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Several risk factors affecting the adequacy of colon cleansing have been proposed during the last decades. However, less is known about the impact that atmospheric aspects could have on adequacy of the bowel cleansing. The study aimed to investigate if the atmospheric temperature could impact on the bowel cleansing during colonoscopy.

Methods
A prospective maintained database of the colonoscopies performed since 1st August 2017 to 31st March 2020 was retrospective reviewed. The primary outcome of the study was to identify if the atmospheric temperature was associated with inadequate colon cleansing during colonoscopy. Secondary outcome was to identify the other factors associated with an inadequate colon cleansing.

Results
One thousand two hundred twenty patients were enrolled. High atmospheric temperature (> 25 °C) significantly influenced the colon cleansing (p < 0.0001). Adequate colon cleansing was negatively influenced by gender (female patients were associated with higher colon cleansing rate, p = 0.013), diabetes (p < 0.0001), previous pelvic surgery (p = 0.001), use of Beta-Blocker (p = 0.001), anti-platelet (p = 0.017), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (p = 0.001), the adoption of 4 L Poly Ethylene Glycol solution (p = 0.009), single-dose regimen (p < 0.0001) low patients’ compliance (p < 0.0001), higher age and body mass index (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.025), lower education levels (p < 0.0001). On the contrary, admission to the ward to perform bowel preparation positively impacted on colon cleansing (p = 0.002).

Conclusion
Atmospheric temperature could play an important role in the colon cleansing during colonoscopy, being high temperature (> 25 °C) associated with lower rate of adequate bowel cleansing. However, being this relationship never studied before, these results must be confirmed by other studies.
Water-related atmospheric agents and solubility: two parameters of validation in toxicological screening on clothing worn by skeletal remains
Authors: Giordano Gaia , Caccia Giulia , Boracchi Michele , Sardanelli Francesco , Cattaneo Cristina , Di Candia Domenico 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In forensic toxicology, when conventional matrices are no longer available, alternative matrices can be used to assess toxicological investigations. Clothes worn by skeletal remains may be a good unconventional matrix for toxicological analyses considering that they have absorbed decomposition fluids and blood from a body. We hypothesized a scenario in which a skeleton, wearing clothes, was discovered in an open environment. From this starting point, an experimental study was developed on different textiles (cotton, wool, and polyester) to evaluate whether water-related atmospheric agents and molecule solubility can largely influence the detection of molecules of toxicological interest on this specific matrix, together with the characteristics of different garments chosen. The experimental study was performed on blood spots, previously spiked with 6-monoacetylmorphine and morphine, accurately placed on different textiles and washed with different quantities of deionized water adjusted at pH 5.6 with formic acid to simulate different rainfall conditions. Toxicological analyses were performed via Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography—Tandem Mass Spectrometry analyses (Thermo Scientific™ TSQ Fortis™ II Triple-Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer). From the experimental study morphine could not be detected on 100% cotton and 100% wool fabric after the passing of 500 mL of deionized water and in 100% synthetic polyester textile after washing with 250 mL of deionized water. In conclusion, when toxicological analyses are carried out on unconventional matrices as textiles worn by corpses exposed to different environmental conditions, it is of great importance, in using such substrates as evidence for the presence of molecules of toxicological interest, to evaluate chemical-physical characteristics of each analyte under investigation in order to correctly interpret the toxicological data obtained.
Increased muscle force does not induce greater stretch-induced damage to calf muscles during work-matched heel drop exercise
Authors: Pincheira Patricio A. , Mayfield Dean L. , Fox Aaron S. , Brown Nicholas A. T. , Carroll Timothy J. , Cresswell Andrew G. , Lichtwark Glen A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the effect of muscle force during active stretch on quantitative and qualitative indicators of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in the medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscle.

Methods
Twelve recreationally active volunteers performed two trials of an eccentric heel drop exercise. Participants performed a single bout of low-load (body weight) and high-load (body weight + 30% body weight) exercises on separate legs. The total mechanical work output for each condition was matched between legs. Before, two hours and 48 h after each bout of eccentric exercise, electrically stimulated triceps surae twitch torque, muscle soreness, MG active fascicle length at maximum twitch torque and muscle passive stiffness were collected. Triceps surae electromyographic (EMG) activity, MG fascicle stretch and MG muscle–tendon unit (MTU) length were measured during the eccentric tasks.

Results
The high-load condition increased triceps surae muscle activity by 6–9%, but reduced MG fascicle stretch (p < 0.001). MTU stretch was similar between conditions. The greater muscle force during stretch did not give rise to additional torque loss (5 vs 6%) or intensify muscle soreness.

Conclusions
Adding 30% body weight during eccentric contractions has a modest impact on exercise-induced muscle damage in the medial gastrocnemius muscle. These results suggest that muscle load may not be an important determinant of stretch-induced muscle damage in the human MG muscle. The muscle investigated does exhibit large pennation angles and high series elastic compliance; architectural features that likely buffer muscle fibres against stretch and damage.
Diversities and the Generalized Circumradius
Authors: Bryant David , Huber Katharina T. , Moulton Vincent , Tupper Paul F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe generalized circumradius of a set of points $$A\subseteq \mathbb {R}^d$$

A
⊆

R

d

with respect to a convex body K equals the minimum value of $$\lambda \ge 0$$

λ
≥
0

such that a translate of $$\lambda K$$

λ
K

contains A. Each choice of K gives a different function on the set of bounded subsets of $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

; we characterize which functions can arise in this way. Our characterization draws on the theory of diversities, a recently introduced generalization of metrics from functions on pairs to functions on finite subsets. We additionally investigate functions which arise by restricting the generalized circumradius to a finite subset of $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

. We obtain elegant characterizations in the case that K is a simplex or parallelotope.
Kindermedizinische Vision einer gesunden Schule
Authors: Thun-Hohenstein Leonhard 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungKinder- und Jugendmedizinisches Denken und Handeln versteht sich aus den Grundlagen der Medizin einerseits und dem Biopsychosozialen Modell andererseits. Anhand dieser Grundlagen wird eine zukünftige Schule beschrieben. Dieses Vision umfasst eine inklusive Herangehensweise an Bildung als ganzheitlichen Entwicklungsprozess, indem Schule eine Umwelt (architektonisch, personell) bilden muss, die den Kindern und Jugendlichen in der Auseinandersetzung mit der mittelbaren und unmittelbaren Umgebung ermöglicht, die Welt zu verstehen, in der Gemeinschaft mit anderen Menschen zu reifen und für die Bewältigung des Lebens notwendiges Wissen und Fertigkeiten zu erwerben.Modell für diese „Gesundheit fördernde Schulen“ sollten die Empfehlungen der WHO/UNICEF und der Europäischen Union sein, die dieses Konzept bis hin zu Umsetzungsempfehlungen für die Regierungen bzw. die Bildungsverantwortlichen ausformuliert haben. Kern dieser Schulen sind multiprofessionelle Gesundheitsteams, die in den Lehrkörper integriert mit diesem gemeinsam die Schule im Sinn der körperlichen und seelischen Gesundheitsförderung entwickeln.
Inklusion aus der Sicht von Schülerinnen
Authors: Promussas Stella , Sallinger Chiara , Dandler Julia , Danek Georg 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDrei junge Frauen mit Stoffwechselerkrankungen berichten, wie in den von ihnen besuchten pädagogischen Einrichtungen mit ihrer Krankheit umgegangen wurde bzw. wird, und formulieren Kritik sowie Vorschläge für einen besseren inklusiven Umgang von Schüler*innen mit chronischen Krankheiten.
The precision of two alternative indirect workflows for digital model production: an illusion or a possibility?
Authors: Elkersh Noha Mohamed , Fahmy Rania A. , Zayet Mohamed K. , Gaweesh Yousria S. , Hassan Mohamed G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
Despite the clear drive from both research and clinical dentistry toward digital transformation, there are limitations to implementing intra-oral scanning (IOS) into daily dental practice. This study aimed to compare the precision of digital models obtained from two alternative indirect workflows to direct IOS.

Material and methods
Two indirect digital workflows were evaluated in this study. In the IOS group (direct), IOS directly obtained digital impressions of participants’ upper and lower dental arches, while in the Scan Impression (Scan Imp) group (indirect), a desktop scanner scanned silicone-based impressions of upper and lower whole arches that were taken with plastic trays. In the cone-beam computed tomography impression (CBCT Imp) group (indirect), a CBCT machine scanned the silicone-based impressions. Then, the precision of the entire arch and individual teeth for all digital impressions was virtually quantified. Following superimposition, differences between standard tessellation language (STL) files obtained from both—direct and indirect—methods were evaluated by color-mapping and measuring the surface distance between superimposed STL files. Furthermore, 18 linear measurements were taken from each digital model. ANOVA with repeated measures, Pearson coefficient, and intraclass correlation coefficient were used for intergroup comparisons.

Results
The digital models obtained from the two indirect workflows differed from the IOS in some dental and intra-arch measurements but were considered clinically acceptable. Ranked against IOS, CBCT Imp models had greater precision, followed by Scan Imp.

Conclusion
Digital models obtained from two indirect, alternative workflows, desktop, and CBCT scanning of impression, have clinically acceptable accuracy and reliability of tooth size and intra-arch measurements, providing the use of proper methodologies.

Clinical relevance
There are some limitations to implementing IOS in daily clinical practice. However, several alternative digital model production techniques might provide an affordable solution. Although they may insignificantly differ in accuracy, all can be applied clinically.
Referring physicians' intention to use hospital report cards for hospital referral purposes in the presence or absence of patient-reported outcomes: a randomized trial
Authors: Emmert Martin , Schindler Anja , Heppe Laura , Sander Uwe , Patzelt Christiane , Lauerer Michael , Nagel Eckhard , Frömke Cornelia , Schöffski Oliver , Drach Cordula 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to determine the intention to use hospital report cards (HRCs) for hospital referral purposes in the presence or absence of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) as well as to explore the relevance of publicly available hospital performance information from the perspective of referring physicians.

Methods
We identified the most relevant information for hospital referral purposes based on a literature review and qualitative research. Primary survey data were collected (May–June 2021) on a sample of 591 referring orthopedists in Germany and analyzed using structural equation modeling. Participating orthopedists were recruited using a sequential mixed-mode strategy and randomly allocated to work with HRCs in the presence (intervention) or absence (control) of PROs.

Results
Overall, 420 orthopedists (mean age 53.48, SD 8.04) were included in the analysis. The presence of PROs on HRCs was not associated with an increased intention to use HRCs (p = 0.316). Performance expectancy was shown to be the most important determinant for using HRCs (path coefficient: 0.387, p < .001). However, referring physicians have doubts as to whether HRCs can help them. We identified “complication rate” and “the number of cases treated” as most important for the hospital referral decision making; PROs were rated slightly less important.

Conclusions
This study underpins the purpose of HRCs, namely to support referring physicians in searching for a hospital. Nevertheless, only a minority would support the use of HRCs for the next hospital search in its current form. We showed that presenting relevant information on HRCs did not increase their use intention.
Highly energetic rockfalls: back analysis of the 2015 event from the Mel de la Niva, Switzerland
Authors: Noël François , Nordang Synnøve Flugekvam , Jaboyedoff Michel , Travelletti Julien , Matasci Battista , Digout Michaël , Derron Marc-Henri , Caviezel Andrin , Hibert Clément , Toe David , Talib Miloud , Wyser Emmanuel , Bourrier Franck , Toussaint Renaud , Malet Jean-Philippe , Locat Jacques 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProcess-based rockfall simulation models attempt to better emulate rockfall dynamics to different degrees. As no model is perfect, their development is often accompanied and validated by the valuable collection of rockfall databases covering a range of site geometries, rock masses, velocities, and related energies that the models are designed for. Additionally, such rockfall data can serve as a base for assessing the model’s sensitivity to different parameters, evaluating their predictability and helping calibrate the model’s parameters from back calculation and analyses. As the involved rock volumes/masses increase, the complexity of conducting field-test experiments to build up rockfall databases increases to a point where such experiments become impracticable. To the author’s knowledge, none have reconstructed rockfall data in 3D from real events involving block fragments of approximately 500 metric tons. A back analysis of the 2015 Mel de la Niva rockfall event is performed in this paper, contributing to a novel documentation in terms of kinetic energy values, bounce heights, velocities, and 3D lateral deviations of these rare events involving block fragments of approximately 200 m3. Rockfall simulations are then performed on a “per-impact” basis to illustrate how the reconstructed data from the site can be used to validate results from simulation models.
Evaluation of the in vitro acaricidal effect of five organic compounds on the cattle fever tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae)
Authors: Oliva Chávez Adela S. , Guzman Valencia Stephanie , Lynn Geoffrey E. , Rosario Charluz Arocho , Thomas Donald B. , Johnson Tammi L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe cattle fever tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, is the most economically important tick worldwide. Infestations with this tick can lead to direct damage and cattle mortality due to the transmission of potentially deadly pathogens. Management of this tick species has been focused on the use of synthetical acaricides; however, the emergence of acaricide resistance to single or multiple active ingredients has resulted in a need for novel acaricide compounds. Among potential avenues for the discovery of novel acaricides are plant-derived compounds. The efficacy of five organic compounds (nootkatone, Stop the Bites®, BioUD®, lavender oil, and cedarwood oil) was evaluated using larval immersion tests (LITs), repellency assays, and adult immersion tests (AITs). The results from the LITs indicate that three of the organic compounds (NootkaShield™, Stop the Bites, BioUD) led to significant mortalities at low concentrations (0.2, 0.02, and 0.08%, respectively). By comparison, lavender and cedar oil led to around 90% mortality at 10 and 1% concentrations, respectively. Similarly, NootkaShield, Stop the Bites, and BioUD had strong repellent properties with over 90% repellency at the two highest concentrations tested. Using the FAO 2004 guidelines, we evaluated the effectiveness of these organic compounds at reducing the fecundity of R. (B.) microplus and show that Nootkatone, Stop the Bites, and BioUD may significantly decrease tick populations (Drummond’s index > 90% at concentrations of 5%), highlighting their potential as alternatives to synthetic acaricides for the control of cattle fever ticks.
The Corporate Samaritan: Advancing Understanding of the Role of Deontic Motive in Justice Enactment
Authors: Zwank Julia , Diehl Marjo-Riitta , Gollwitzer Mario 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough the literature on organizational justice enactment is becoming richer, our understanding of the role of the deontic justice motive remains limited. In this article, we review and discuss theoretical approaches to and evidence of the deontic justice motive and deontic justice enactment. While the prevalent understanding of deontic justice enactment focuses on compliance, we argue that this conceptualization is insufficient to explain behaviors that go beyond the call of duty. We thus consider two further forms of deontic behavior: humanistic and supererogatory behavior. Drawing on the concepts of situation strength and person strength, we further argue that the reduced variance in behavior across morally challenging situations makes deontic justice enactment visible. We thus observe deontic justice enactment when an actor’s deontic justice motive collides with strong situational cues or constraints that guide the actor to behave differently. We formulate propositions and develop a theoretical model that links the deontic justice motive to moral maturation and deontic justice enactment.
Brigatinib pharmacokinetics in patients with chronic hepatic impairment
Authors: Hanley Michael J. , Kerstein David , Tugnait Meera , Narasimhan Narayana , Marbury Thomas C. , Venkatakrishnan Karthik , Gupta Neeraj 
Published: April 2023

SummaryBrigatinib is an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor approved for the treatment of ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. This open-label, parallel-group study investigated the effect of chronic hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of brigatinib to inform dosing recommendations for these patients. Participants with hepatic impairment classified according to Child-Pugh categories of mild (A), moderate (B), or severe (C) and matched-healthy participants with normal hepatic function received a single oral dose of 90-mg brigatinib. Plasma samples were collected for the determination of brigatinib plasma protein binding and estimation of plasma PK parameters. Twenty-seven participants were enrolled (Child-Pugh A–C, n = 6 each; matched-healthy participants, n = 9). The mean fraction of free plasma brigatinib was comparable for the Child-Pugh A (11.1%), Child-Pugh B (10.8%), and healthy participant groups (8.5%); free brigatinib was higher in the Child-Pugh C group (23.1%). There were no clinically meaningful effects of mild or moderate hepatic impairment on unbound systemic exposures (area under the plasma concentration-time curve [AUC]) of brigatinib (geometric least-squares mean ratios [90% CI] of 89.32% [69.79%–﻿114.31%] and 99.55% [77.78%–127.41%], respectively). In the severe hepatic impairment group, brigatinib unbound AUC was approximately 37% higher (geometric least-squares mean ratio [90% CI] of 137.41% [107.37%–175.86%]) compared with healthy participants with normal hepatic function. Brigatinib was well tolerated in healthy participants and in participants with hepatic impairment. No dose adjustment is required for patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment. The brigatinib dose should be reduced by approximately 40% for patients with severe hepatic impairment.
Conceptualizing Community-based Environmental Peacebuilding in Cesar, Colombia
Authors: Hachmann Samyra , Löhr Katharina , Morales-Muñoz Héctor , Eufemia Luca , Sieber Stefan , Bonatti Michelle 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn conflict studies, environmental peacebuilding (EPB) has become an established concept to explain how environmental cooperation among opposing parties provides a platform for peacebuilding. EPB literature has been shaped predominantly by political science perspectives, initially with a focus on interstate conflicts, and ecological dynamics have received little attention to date. Building on the Social-Ecological Systems Framework (SESF), we develop a framework for community-based EPB and test it in post-conflict settings in the department of Cesar, Colombia. We use a qualitative mixed-methods approach, with 26 semi-structured interviews, six focus group discussions, and a World Café session with 30 participants. Our findings show that in six cases communities self-organize to access, conserve, and defend water and land resources while striving to achieve recognition of their civic rights by state actors. A central outcome of cooperation within and among communities is the (re)construction of collective and territorial identities and increased social cohesion. However, community-based EPB does not contribute to improving relations between communities and the private sector or the state, thus failing to strengthen actor relationships that are essential for Colombian peacebuilding. Despite limitations of this exploratory analysis, our approach proves fruitful for integrating ecological aspects in the understanding of EPB. To further develop the EPB concept, future research should look to other disciplines to diversify the understanding of key terms like resource value, cooperation, and peace.