bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency of visits to Tomioka town and related factors among evacuees more than a decade after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident
Authors: Matsunaga Hitomi , Xiao Xu , Hande Varsha , Orita Makiko , Kashiwazaki Yuya , Taira Yasuyuki , Takamura Noboru 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the frequency of visits (FOV) to Tomioka town, Japan, and related factors among evacuees more than a decade after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. A questionnaire survey was conducted on residents (age ≥ 18 years) who had residence cards in August 2021. Of the 2260 respondents, the FOV to Tomioka was as follows: 926 (41.0%) more than twice a year (Group 1 [G1]), 841 (37.2%) once a year (G2) and 493 (21.8%) no visits (G3). About 70% of the respondents who had decided not to return to Tomioka visited once a year or more. No significant differences in the FOV or radiation risk perception were found between groups. Multinomial logistic regression analysis using G3 as a reference revealed independent associations between living inside Fukushima in G1 (odds ratio [OR] = 5.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.1–7.3; P &lt; 0.01) and G2 (OR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.8–3.0, P &lt; 0.01), undecided about returning in G1 (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.9–3.3, P &lt; 0.01), females in G1 (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.6–2.6, P &lt; 0.01) and motivation to learn more about tritiated water in G2 (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3–2.4, P &lt; 0.01). Overall, 80% of the residents had visited Tomioka within a decade after the accident. These findings suggest the need to continue the effective dissemination of information about the effects of a nuclear accident and the subsequent decommissioning process to evacuees after evacuation orders have been lifted.
Management of epididymal leiomyosarcoma: literature narrative, case report and discussion on the use of simple epididymectomy or high radical orchiectomy
Authors: Tchienga Dimitri , Banayan Elliot , Arulin Micheal , Romulo Genato , Asarian Armand , Xiao Philip 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEpididymal leiomyosarcomas are rare malignant tumors of smooth muscle origin. We present a case of a low-grade tumor with negative margins managed with a high-radical inguinal orchiectomy. Our review of the literature suggests that low-grade and localized tumors with negative margins can be managed with simple epididymectomy and imaging surveillance.
18O/17O abundance ratio towards a sample of massive star-forming regions with parallax distances
Authors: Ou Chao , Wang Junzhi , Zheng Siqi , Li Juan , Romano Donatella , Zhang Zhi-Yu 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The 18O/17O abundance ratio is, in principle, a powerful tool to estimate the relative contributions of massive stars and low- to intermediate-mass stars to the chemical enrichment of galaxies. We present 18O/17O ratios derived from simultaneous observations of C18O and C17O 1-0 towards 51 massive star-forming regions with the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) 30 m telescope. Simultaneous observations of HC18O+ 1-0 and HC17O+ 1-0 with the Yebes 40m telescope towards five sources from this sample were also done to test the consistency of 18O/17O ratios derived from different isotopic pairs. From our improved measurements, resulting in smaller errors than previous work in the literature, we obtain a clear trend of increasing 18O/17O ratio with increasing Galactocentric distance (DGC), which provides a significant constraint on Galactic chemical evolution (GCE) models. Current GCE models have to be improved in order to explain the observed C18O/C17O 1-0 gradient.
Globular Cluster UVIT Legacy Survey (GlobULeS) – II. Evolutionary status of hot stars in M3 and M13
Authors: Kumar Ranjan , Pradhan Ananta C , Sahu Snehalata , Subramaniam Annapurni , Piridi Sonika , Cassisi Santi , Ojha Devendra K 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTWe present a far-ultraviolet (FUV) study of hot stellar populations in the second parameter pair globular clusters (GCs) M3 and M13, as a part of the GC UVIT Legacy Survey programme (GlobULeS). We use observations made with F148W and F169M filters of the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) onboard AstroSat along with ground-based data (UBVRI filters), Hubble Space Telescope(HST) GC catalogue, and Gaia EDR3 catalogue. Based on the FUV-optical colour–magnitude diagrams, we classify the sources into the horizontal branch (HB) stars, post-HB stars, and hot white dwarfs (WDs) in both the GCs. The comparison of synthetic and observed colours of the observed HB stars suggests that the mass-loss at the red giant branch and He spread in both clusters have a simultaneous effect on the different HB distributions detected in M3 and M13, such that HB stars of M13 require a larger spread in He (0.247–0.310) than those of M3 (Y = 0.252–0.266). The evolutionary status of HB stars, post-HB stars, and WDs are studied using SED fit parameters and theoretical evolutionary tracks on the H–R diagram. We found that the observed post-HB stars have evolved from zero-age HB (ZAHB) stars of the mass range of 0.48−0.55 M⊙ in M3 and M13. We detect 24 WD candidates in each cluster having ${\rm \log ({\it L}_{bol}/L_\odot)}$ in the range of −0.8 to +0.6 and ${\rm \log ({\it T}_{eff}/K)}$ in the range of 4.2–5.0. Placing the WDs on the H–R diagram and comparing them with models, it is found that M13 has a population of low-mass WDs, probably originating from binary evolution.
MaNGA galaxy properties – II. A detailed comparison of observed and simulated spiral galaxy scaling relations
Authors: Arora Nikhil , Courteau Stéphane , Stone Connor , Macciò Andrea V 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a catalogue of dynamical properties for 2368 late-type galaxies from the MaNGA survey. The latter complements the catalogue of photometric properties for the same sample based on deep optical dark energy sky instrument legacy imaging survey (DESI) photometry processed with autoprof . Rotation curves (RCs), extracted by model-fitting H α velocity maps from the MaNGA Data Analysis Pipeline, extend out to 1.4 (1.9) Re for the primary (secondary) MaNGA samples, respectively. The RCs and ancillary MaNGA Pipe3D data products were used to construct various fundamental galaxy scaling relations that are also compared uniformly with similar relations from numerical investigation of a hundred astrophysical object (NIHAO) zoom-in simulations. Simulated NIHAO galaxies were found to broadly reproduce the observed MaNGA galaxy population for $\log (M_*/{\rm {\rm M}_{\odot })\, \gt\, 8.5}$. Some discrepancies remain, such as those pertaining to central stellar densities and the diversity of RCs due to strong feedback schemes. Also presented are spatially resolved scatters for the velocity-size-stellar mass (VRM*) structural relations using MaNGA and NIHAO samples. The scatter for these relations in the galaxian interiors is a consequence of the diversity of inner RC shapes, while scatter in the outskirts is dictated by the large range of stellar surface densities, which is itself driven by sporadic star formation. The detailed, spatially resolved scatter analysis highlights the complex interplay between local and global astrophysical processes and provides a strong constraint to numerical simulations.
Chandra X-ray measurement of gas-phase heavy element abundances in the central parsec of the galaxy
Authors: Hua Ziqian , Li Zhiyuan , Zhang Mengfei , Chen Zhuo , Morris Mark R 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Elemental abundances are key to our understanding of star formation and evolution in the Galactic Centre. Previous work on this topic has been based on infrared (IR) observations, but X-ray observations have the potential of constraining the abundance of heavy elements, mainly through their K-shell emission lines. Using 5.7 Ms Chandra observations, we provide the first abundance measurement of Si, S, Ar, Ca, and Fe, in four prominent diffuse X-ray features located in the central parsec of the Galaxy, which are the manifestation of shock-heated hot gas. A two-temperature non-equilibrium ionization spectral model is employed to derive the abundances of these five elements. In this procedure, a degeneracy is introduced due to uncertainties in the composition of light elements, in particular, H, C, and N. Assuming that the hot gas is H-depleted but C- and N-enriched, as would be expected for a standard scenario in which the hot gas is dominated by Wolf–Rayet star winds, the spectral fit finds a generally subsolar abundance for the heavy elements. If, instead, the light elements had a solar-like abundance, the heavy elements have a fitted abundance of ∼1–2 solar. The α/Fe abundance ratio, on the other hand, is mostly supersolar and insensitive to the exact composition of the light elements. These results are robust against potential biases due to either a moderate spectral signal-to-noise ratio or the presence of non-thermal components. Implications of the measured abundances for the Galactic Centre environment are addressed.
Management of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases after treatment failure with a first tumour necrosis factor inhibitor: A narrative review
Authors: Caporali Roberto , Conti Fabrizio , Iannone Florenzo 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The emergence of biologics with different modes of action (MoAs) and therapeutic targets has changed treatment patterns in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. While tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) are often utilized as the first biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug, some patients may not respond adequately (primary failure), fail to sustain response over time (secondary failure), or experience intolerable adverse events. Whether these patients would benefit more from cycling to a different TNFi or switching to a biologic with a different MoA is still unclear. We discuss here treatment outcomes of TNFi cycling versus MoA switching after treatment failure with a first TNFi in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases, focusing specifically on rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Treatment guidelines for these patients are ambiguous and, at times, contradictory in their recommendations. However, this is due to a lack of high-quality head-to-head data to definitively support cycling between TNFis after failure to a first-line TNFi over switching to a different MoA.
Follow the Money
Authors: Grotteria Marco 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
I study, both empirically and theoretically, the economic and financial consequences of corporate lobbying. Firms lobby politicians to increase their share of government contracts, but political competition creates firm-level risk, inflating their cost of capital and reducing their incentive to invest in research and development (R&D). I document an annual 6–8% return premium for stocks of high-lobbying firms, which compensates investors for political risk. An estimated model in which firms can lobby and innovate and investors are risk averse replicates key features of corporate lobbying in the U.S., including the well-established paradox that lobbying contributions are small relative to the policies at stake. The model predicts that if investors ceased seeking compensation for political risk, R&D investment would increase by 6% and the innovation rate by 0.4% points. The risk-premium costs of lobbying are quantitatively and economically important even if the resources “wasted” on lobbying are objectively small.
Antenatal care and adherence to intermittent preventive treatment for malaria during pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Gambia: an examination of Demographic and Health Survey data 2019–2020
Authors: Bash Claire E , McClintock Heather F 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Malaria during pregnancy is a major contributor to maternal and infant morbidity and mortality in Gambia. The World Health Organization recommends that women adhere to intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP-IPTp) provided through antenatal care (ANC) to prevent adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine predictors of SP-IPTp adherence among women in Gambia.

Methods
Data analysis was conducted using the 2019–2020 Women's Health Survey from the Gambia Demographic and Health Survey dataset. χ2 tests and multivariate logistic regression were employed to assess the influence of ANC and sociodemographic characteristics on SP-IPTp adherence.

Results
Among 5381 women, less than half (47.3%) achieved adherence (three or more doses) to SP-IPTp. More than three-quarters (79.7%) attended four or more ANC visits. Women who attended four ANC visits were twice as likely to adhere to SP-IPTp than women who attended none to three ANC visits (adjusted odds ratio 2.042 [95% confidence interval 1.611 to 2.590]).

Conclusions
Attending four or more and earlier initiation of ANC visits may be related to improved SP-IPTp adherence. Additional research is needed to assess structural and healthcare system components that influence SP-IPTp adherence.
Abortion Access and Medically Complex Pregnancies Before and After Texas Senate Bill 8
Authors: Arey Whitney , Lerma Klaira , Carpenter Emma , Moayedi Ghazaleh , Harper Lorie , Beasley Anitra , Ogburn Tony , White Kari 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate how Texas health care professionals who care for patients experiencing medically complex pregnancies navigate abortion restrictions.

METHODS:
We conducted qualitative in-depth interviews with health care professionals across Texas who cared for patients with life-limiting fetal diagnoses or who had existing or developed health conditions that adversely affected pregnancy. We conducted the first round of interviews March–June 2021 and the second round of interviews January–May 2022 after the implementation of Texas Senate Bill 8 (SB8), which prohibited most abortions after detection of embryonic cardiac activity. We used inductive and deductive qualitative analysis to identify themes and changes in practice after the implementation of SB8.

RESULTS:
We conducted a total of 50 interviews: 25 before implementation of SB8 and 25 after the law's implementation. We interviewed 21 maternal–fetal medicine specialists, 19 obstetrician–gynecologists, eight physicians whose primary practice is the provision of abortion care, and two genetic counselors. Participants reported presenting their patients with information about health risks and outcomes of continued pregnancy in each policy period; however, counseling on these options was curtailed after implementation of SB8. Even in cases in which a patient's health and, in some cases, life would be compromised, narrow criteria for abortions at hospitals limited care before implementation of SB8, and criteria often became more stringent after implementation of SB8. Administrative approval processes and referrals for abortion delayed care and endangered patients' health, which worsened after in-state options were eliminated after implementation of SB8. Participants noted that patients with more limited resources who were unable to travel out of state often had to continue pregnancies, further increasing their risk of morbidity.

CONCLUSION:
Texas health care professionals' abilities to provide evidence-based abortion care to patients with medically complex pregnancies were constrained by institutional policies, and care options narrowed further after implementation of SB8. Abortion restrictions limit shared decision making, compromise patient care, and put pregnant people's health at risk.
Aided Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in Infants With Frequency-Specific Synthetic Speech Stimuli: Sensitivity, Repeatability, and Feasibility
Authors: Visram Anisa S. , Stone Michael A. , Purdy Suzanne C. , Bell Steven L. , Brooks Jo , Bruce Iain A. , Chesnaye Michael A. , Dillon Harvey , Harte James M. , Hudson Caroline L. , Laugesen Søren , Morgan Rhiannon E. , O’Driscoll Martin , Roberts Stephen A. , Roughley Amber J. , Simpson David , Munro Kevin J. 
Published: April 2023

Objectives:
The cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) test is a candidate for supplementing clinical practice for infant hearing aid users and others who are not developmentally ready for behavioral testing. Sensitivity of the test for given sensation levels (SLs) has been reported to some degree, but further data are needed from large numbers of infants within the target age range, including repeat data where CAEPs were not detected initially. This study aims to assess sensitivity, repeatability, acceptability, and feasibility of CAEPs as a clinical measure of aided audibility in infants.

Design:
One hundred and three infant hearing aid users were recruited from 53 pediatric audiology centers across the UK. Infants underwent aided CAEP testing at age 3 to 7 months to a mid-frequency (MF) and (mid-)high-frequency (HF) synthetic speech stimulus. CAEP testing was repeated within 7 days. When developmentally ready (aged 7-21 months), the infants underwent aided behavioral hearing testing using the same stimuli, to estimate the decibel (dB) SL (i.e., level above threshold) of those stimuli when presented at the CAEP test sessions. Percentage of CAEP detections for different dB SLs are reported using an objective detection method (Hotellings T2). Acceptability was assessed using caregiver interviews and a questionnaire, and feasibility by recording test duration and completion rate.

Results:
The overall sensitivity for a single CAEP test when the stimuli were ≥0 dB SL (i.e., audible) was 70% for the MF stimulus and 54% for the HF stimulus. After repeat testing, this increased to 84% and 72%, respectively. For SL >10 dB, the respective MF and HF test sensitivities were 80% and 60% for a single test, increasing to 94% and 79% for the two tests combined. Clinical feasibility was demonstrated by an excellent >99% completion rate, and acceptable median test duration of 24 minutes, including preparation time. Caregivers reported overall positive experiences of the test.

Conclusions:
By addressing the clinical need to provide data in the target age group at different SLs, we have demonstrated that aided CAEP testing can supplement existing clinical practice when infants with hearing loss are not developmentally ready for traditional behavioral assessment. Repeat testing is valuable to increase test sensitivity. For clinical application, it is important to be aware of CAEP response variability in this age group.
Assessment of the Impact of Low-dose Ionizing Radiation Exposure on Health Care Workers: A Study of Methods Used from a Scoping Review
Authors: De Giorgi Andrea , Bongiovanni Andrea , De Sio Simone , Sernia Sabina , Adamo Giuseppe , La Torre Giuseppe 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Healthcare workers may be exposed to ionizing radiation. Ionizing radiations are an important occupational risk factor for the potential damage they can cause to workers’ health. Actually, the attention is focused on diseases caused by damage to radiosensitive organs. The aim of our study is to evaluate the methods used for the assessment of the impact of exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation in a population of healthcare workers (HCWs). The electronic database PubMed was searched by title, abstract, and medical subheadings (MeSH) terms. The extracted data were arranged into tables by dividing bibliographic reference, exposure, and statistical analysis information. The quality assessment was performed with the use of the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The search strategy involved retrieving 15 studies (eight cohorts and seven cross-sectional studies). The univariate tests have been performed in 14 studies (93.3%), and Chi-square and T-test were the most commonly used. Multivariate tests have been performed in 11 studies (73.3%), and the most commonly performed were Logistic and Poisson Regressions. The most rated organ was the thyroid gland (six studies). The annual cumulative effective dose was the most used method to assess the dose rate (seven studies). Due to the characteristics of pathologies involved, a retrospective cohort study with an adequate control group and use of the annual cumulative effective dose to account for exposure could be useful features to obtain the best possible evidence. All the elements were found rarely in studies considered. The need is highlighted for more in-depth studies to investigate this topic.
Take a Swipe at Actinide Bioavailability: Application of a New In Vitro Method
Authors: Griffiths N. M. , Moureau A. , Coudert S. , Huet F. , Defrance M. , Van der Meeren A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFilter swipe tests are used for routine analyses of actinides in nuclear industrial, research, and weapon facilities as well as following accidental release. Actinide physicochemical properties will determine in part bioavailability and internal contamination levels. The aim of this work was to develop and validate a new approach to predict actinide bioavailability recovered by filter swipe tests. As proof of concept and to simulate a routine or an accidental situation, filter swipes were obtained from a nuclear research facility glove box. A recently-developed biomimetic assay for prediction of actinide bioavailability was adapted for bioavailability measurements using material obtained from these filter swipes. In addition, the efficacy of the clinically-used chelator, diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (Ca-DTPA), to enhance transportability was determined. This report shows that it is possible to evaluate physicochemical properties and to predict bioavailability of filter swipe-associated actinides.