bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AFTER REVIEW AND WAYS TO GET INVOLVED
Authors: Ortenberg Elia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
After the review meeting, the SRO prepares the Summary Statement, which is the primary outcome of peer review. Program staff and Advisory Councils at the Institutes use this official document to make decisions about which applications to fund. How can you best prepare for the next steps for your application? Understand the qualities of a competitive NIH application, talk to Program staff, and take advantage of the opportunity to become a peer reviewer yourself. From the field, apply the tips shared by applicants and reviewers about what they do and what they look for in a well-written application. Receiving the summary statement can be daunting and discouraging; but by de-mystifying the process and getting involved, you can help position your application towards maximum success.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ADULT DAY HEALTH CENTER OWNERSHIP, STAFFING, AND PARTICIPANT OUTCOMES
Authors: Spetz Joanne , Flatt Jason 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Growing demands for specialized care for older adults living with disabilities, including those with Alzheimer’s Disease and related dementia (ADRD), and for caregiver respite have resulted in rising use of adult day health centers (ADHCs). ADHCs vary in size, ownership, participant demographics, and services offered, with a many operated by multi-site chain organizations and with for-profit ownership. This study examines whether ADHC ownership is associated with their scope of services, staffing models, and outcomes. We used facility-level data from the restricted-use 2014 National Post-Acute and Long-Term Care Study (NPALs) Adult Day Services Center module, which collects primary data on ADHCs through a nationally representative survey. Key outcome variables were measures of ADHC staffing, and rates of participants’ emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and falls. The first part of the analysis was descriptive, focused on participant and staffing patterns. We then estimated ordinary least squares multivariate regressions to learn whether staffing differences exist holding other ADHC characteristics constant, such as size, region, and other services offered. We also estimated Poisson regression models to learn whether there are differences in rates of emergency room visits, hospitalizations, and falls. We found little difference in staffing or participant outcomes between for-profit vs. not-for-profit ADHCs. We found that chain-affiliated ADHCs had different participant populations and sources of revenue. They also had lower levels of staffing in general and for licensed nurses, activity staff, and social workers. Rates of falls and emergency department visits were higher in chain-affiliated versus independent ADHCs when controlling for other characteristics.
THE STUDY SECTION AND THE ROLE OF THE SCIENTIFIC REVIEW OFFICER
Authors: Lun Janetta 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Applications reviewed by the NIH Center for Scientific Review go through a process that starts with assignment to a review panel and ends with the generation of a priority score and a written evaluation (Summary Statement). This process is overseen by several key players, the most important being the Scientific Review Officer, who is the designated federal official overseeing all aspects of Level 1 review. Their role is to recruit and enlist expert reviewers to evaluate the scientific and technical merit of an application and assess its potential contribution and impact to the relevant research field. The goal of Level 1 review is to ensure that applications are expertly and fairly evaluated in accordance with the NIH policies of rigor, reproducibility, transparency and research integrity. In this presentation, attendees will learn about the how study sections are formed, how reviewers are involved and conduct their evaluations, and the guiding principles that underlie Level 1 review.
PROXIES OF FRAILTY AND INFLAMMATION PREDICT ALTERED WHITE MATTER MICROSTRUCTURE IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Bender Andrew , Duezel Sandra , Lindenberger Ulman , Demuth Ilja , Steinhagen-Thiessen Elisabeth , Polk Thad , Kühn Simone 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Age-related elevations in inflammation are associated with both neurodegeneration and increased frailty in older adults. Here we used state-of-the-art diffusion-MRI (dMRI) methods to examine how specific markers of white matter (WM), including fiber density [FD], fiber cross-section [FC], and extracellular cerebral spinal fluid [CSF] are linked to inflammation and frailty in a population-based aging cohort. We hypothesized that increased inflammation and frailty would be associated with reduced FD and FC and increased CSF. Participants included 255 older adults (Mage=70.46; SD=3.79 years; 42% women) recruited from the Berlin Aging Study-II (BASE-II) for MRI scanning. Measures of blood serum ferritin and grip strength (corrected for sex and body mass) served as proxies of inflammation and frailty, respectively. Processing of dMRI data (b=1000 s/mm2; 60-directions) followed the MRtrix3 fixel-based analysis (FBA) pipeline, extended for voxelwise estimation of FD, FC, and CSF, with data transformed to a sample-specific template. The voxelwise estimates of FD, FC, and CSF were then regressed on the measures of blood serum ferritin and grip strength, correcting for multiple comparisons. Greater inflammation (ferritin) and frailty (grip strength) predicted lower FD in the internal capsule and anterior commissure. Higher ferritin also predicted lower FC in dorsal cingulum and forceps minor. Finally, frailty, but not inflammation, predicted increased CSF in multiple regions. These findings demonstrate common and specific associations of inflammation and frailty with WM in older adults and highlight the utility of newer methods for characterizing WM alterations.
THE PHYSIOLOGIC COMPLEXITY OF BEAT-TO-BEAT BLOOD PRESSURE FLUCTUATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH FRAILTY IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Zhou Junhong , Cai Yurun , Guo Yi , Jiang Xin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) is an important cardiovascular output and regulated by neurophysiologic elements over multiple temporal scales. The multiscale dynamics of beat-to-beat BP fluctuation has thus been characterized using “BP complexity” and has been linked to age-related adverse health outcomes. We here aimed to examine the relationship of BP complexity to frailty, and if BP complexity mediates the association between arterial stiffness and frailty. Method: A total of 350 older adults completed assessments for frailty (i.e., Fried frailty phenotype criteria), arterial stiffness (i.e., average brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity), and beat-to-beat finger BP. The complexity of beat-to-beat systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP series were measured using multiscale entropy. The relationships between frailty, BP complexity and arterial stiffness were examined using ANOVA and linear regression models. The effects of BP complexity on the association between arterial stiffness and frailty were examined using mediation analyses.

Results
Compared to non-frail, pre-frail and frail groups had significantly elevated lower SBP and DBP complexity (F&gt;11, p&lt; 0.001), and greater arterial stiffness (F=16, p&lt; 0.001). Greater arterial stiffness was associated with lower BP complexity (β&lt;-0.42, p&lt; 0.001). SBP and DBP complexity mediated the association between arterial stiffness and frailty (indirect effects&gt;0.28), account for at least 47% of its total effects on frailty (Mediated proportion: SBP: 50%, DBP: 47%).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that BP complexity is associated with frailty in older adults, and mediates the association between arterial stiffness and frailty, suggesting that this metric would serve as a marker to characterize important functions in older adults.
THE ASSOCIATION OF SLEEP AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS AND THE MODERATION OF CHRONOTYPE
Authors: Huang Jing , Li Mengchi , McPhillips Miranda , Lukkahatai Nada , Li Junxin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the associations of both subjectively and objectively measured sleep with self-reported level of physical activity among older adults, and explore the possible moderative role of chronotype in these associations. Baseline data of 116 community-dwelling older adults without dementia from three prior studies were included. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Actigraphy were used as subjective and objective sleep measures respectively. The Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was used to measure chronotype, which was further dichotomized into morning type and non-morning type. Physical activity was assessed by the Physical Activity Scale for Elderly. Multiple linear regressions were performed to examine the associations, controlling for demographic and health characteristics. We found better subjective sleep quality, shorter actigraphy sleep duration, and higher sleep efficiency were independently associated with greater physical activity. Being morning type might alleviate the association between poor subjective sleep quality and physical activity among older adults.
A SCOPING REVIEW OF OUTCOMES IN ELDER ABUSE INTERVENTION RESEARCH: THE CURRENT LANDSCAPE AND WHERE TO GO NEXT
Authors: Burnes David , MacNeil Andie , Nowaczynski Aliya , Sheppard Christine , Nekolaichuk Erica , Lachs Mark , Pillemer Karl 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers worldwide recognize elder abuse (EA) as a major threat to the health and well-being of older adults, but rigorous intervention research has greatly lagged behind this interest. A major weakness is the lack of cohesive understanding of appropriate program outcomes to be measured. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a scoping review of the EA intervention research literature to understand the range of outcomes considered to date and to provide guidance for future research. We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid PsycInfo, Ovid Social Work Abstracts, Ebsco AgeLine, Ebsco CINAHL, Wiley Cochrane Central, and Proquest Sociological Abstracts for studies evaluating community-based EA response programs. Two independent reviewers completed record search, screening, and data extraction procedures. We identified 52 eligible studies (1986-2019) that employed a total of 184 outcomes (range: 1–16, mean = 3.5). This study revealed that a large range of outcomes has been employed in EA intervention studies to date, mostly attached to victims or the intervention process itself, with inconsistent operational definitions and measurement procedures. Several key recommendations for future EA intervention research are: 1) implementing intervention outcomes that reflect multiple levels of eco-systemic influence, 2) heightening the analysis of intervention process outcomes beyond description toward identifying factors that mediate or moderate successful case outcomes, 3) conducting qualitative research with EA victims and other relevant stakeholders to understand meaningful intervention outcomes from their perspectives, and 4) establishing common EA outcome measures for implementation across studies to facilitate greater data pooling and synthesis.
PANDEMIC VULNERABILITY AND RESILIENCE: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE FINDINGS FROM THE COVID-19 COPING STUDY
Authors: Finlay Jessica , Kobayashi Lindsay 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 Coping Study aims to investigate social, behavioral, health, and economic impacts of the pandemic on the health and wellbeing of aging Americans. A total of 6,938 adults aged ≥55 were recruited from all 50 US states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico from April-May, 2020, using a multi-frame online recruitment strategy. Participants completed a 20-minute baseline survey and a subset were recruited to complete monthly follow-up surveys for one year. A random subsample of 57 participants completed semi-structured interviews in May-July, 2021. This symposium will share novel mixed-methods insights into the ongoing experiences, perspectives, significant life events, and mental health changes among aging US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. First, Kobayashi will describe the dynamic, longitudinal relationships between loneliness, anxiety, and COVID-19 worry with cognitive function and abilities. Second, Abrams investigates long-term employment outcomes and mental health trajectories among a particularly vulnerable group of older adults: those who experienced work disruptions and job loss early in the pandemic. Third, Meltzer will share how particular groups of older adults were more likely to report greater closures of key places to socialize in their neighborhoods since the pandemic onset. Fourth, Finlay will present a qualitative thematic analysis of ongoing pandemic sources of risk and vulnerability among marginalized and underserved aging adults. The symposium highlights diverse strengths and resiliencies to cope with adversities of the pandemic. Findings may inform individual- strategies and community-level policies to support aging adults during times of collective stress and trauma.
TILT TEST TOLERANCE AFTER TWO-WEEKS BED REST IN OLDER ADULTS IS NOT PROTECTED BY DAILY AEROBIC AND RESISTANCE EXERCISE
Authors: Robertson Andrew , Hughson Richard , Hedge Eric , Mastrandrea Carmelo , Unger Federico Granados 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Bed rest is associated with increased risk of orthostatic intolerance on return to upright posture and, at least in young adults, regular exercise during bed rest is proposed as protective. 22 older adults (55-65 years, half women) participated in a randomized trial with 14-days of continuous 6-degree head-down bed rest. Half completed 60 min/day of aerobic and high-intensity interval cycling plus resistance exercises (Ex) while the other half were control (Con). A passive 80-degree head-up tilt (HUT) to a maximum of 15-min assessed orthostatic tolerance while cardio- and cerebrovascular responses were monitored to a pre-syncopal level of systolic blood pressure &lt; 90 mmHg. In pre-bed rest baseline, all but 3 women (Ex) completed 15-min HUT. After 14-days bed rest, only 3 men (1 Ex) and 1 woman (Ex) completed 15-min with no differences in tolerance between men and women or Ex and Con. Vasovagal syncope presented in 5 participants (2 M-Con, 1 M-Ex, 1 F-Con, 1 F-Ex), most other non-finishers had progressive reduction in stroke volume without adequate vasoconstriction. Reductions in cerebral blood velocity measured during HUT by Doppler ultrasound revealed strong linear relationships to both end-tidal PCO2 and mean arterial pressure across all participants. These data indicate that neither older men nor older women were protected from orthostatic intolerance by 60-min per day exercise including high-intensity interval training. These data contrast with previous findings in younger adults in controlled trials of bed rest pointing to the need for greater understanding of mechanisms regulating blood pressure and brain blood flow.
INTRODUCING THE CENTENARIANS IN THE HEALTH AND RETIREMENT STUDY
Authors: Martin Peter , Lee Gina , Arieli Rotem , Ryou Yeon Ji 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a nationally representative sample of older adults, and data are available for 15 waves. This presentation presents an overview of the oldest cohort of the HRS (the AHEAD sample) as they become centenarians. Basic characteristics of these centenarians and near centenarians (98 years and older, N = 516) indicate that they are primarily female (77 percent), White (82 percent) with on average 10.6 years of education. The average age was 84.2 years at baseline and 98.3 years at wave 14. We analyze data by comparing centenarian survivors to nonsurvivors, by following them longitudinally, and by comparing different cohorts of centenarians over historical time. Results indicate that centenarians continue to enjoy life, and they have special survivorship characteristics. Newer cohorts, however, show a more compromised quality of life. The results are relevant to family members of oldest-old adults and to community service providers.
AGING WITH VISION LOSS: EXPLORING EVERYDAY ACTIVITY CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION
Authors: Remillard Elena , Koon Lyndsie , Mitzner Tracy , Rogers Wendy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Vision loss can impact the health of older adults on multiple domains, including physically (e.g., mobility challenges), psychologically (e.g., depression), and socially (e.g., isolation). Older adults with vision loss, and particularly those with long-term vision loss, are likely to experience challenges in performing Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), as these activities often require abilities like reading, fine motor movements, and navigating. We conducted structured interviews with 60 older adults aged 60-79 with vision loss for at least 10 years about their challenges with select IADLs (e.g., household tasks, transportation, shopping, finances, and managing health). An analysis of in-depth interview data revealed specific challenge themes associated with engaging in different IADLS, such as challenges with accessibility, physical limitations, assistance from others, communication, and finances. Findings highlight opportunities for technology solutions to support IADL participation and independence for people aging with vision loss.
SMARTBATHROOM 102: STUDYING BATHING TRANSFER PERFORMANCE
Authors: Jones Brian , Sanford Jon , Presti Peter , Lee Susan , Bhattacharjya Sutanuka , Murphy Kyle 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Age-related changes in functional ability, particularly among people aging with long-term disabilities, can impact safe performance of toilet and bathtub transfers and severely limit their ability to successfully age-in-place. The SmartBathroom is a state-of-the-art bathroom laboratory that features mechanically adjustable features and an array of sensors that can measure walking performance, location of feet and hands, and forces applied to the bathroom surfaces and fixtures. To complement the SmartToilet system, TechSAge recently developed the SmartBathing Transfer Testbed prototype that will enable us to study how different bathing environment configurations can impact transfer performance. The testbed consists of a height adjustable tub wall and three-wall, height and angle adjustable grab bars with integrated sensors to measure hand location and grip and load forces. This session will describe the SmartBathing Testbed and present results of studies with individuals both with and without ambulatory impairments performing simulated transfers within the testbed.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN LIFE SPACE MOBILITY AND ASPECTS OF HOUSING AND SERVICE INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Slaug Bjorn , Zingmark Magnus , Iwarsson Susanne 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
To achieve the widespread policy goal of active aging, it is central that older adults can participate and be independent in activities both in and outside the home. Life-space mobility refers to the extent of the area where a person performs different activities, including frequency and level of independence, and is considered an indicator of active aging. There is, however, a lack of studies on the relationship between life-space mobility and aspects of the home and neighborhood environment. The aim of this study was to explore associations between life-space mobility and (a) perceived usability of the home and (b) satisfaction with commercial and societal services in the surrounding neighborhood. We utilized the baseline survey of the Swedish RELOC-AGE project (N=1,964; mean age=69; 45% men), comprising data from adults aged 55+ with an interest for relocation. We found weak but significant correlations between life-space mobility and usability of the home (r=0.10; p&lt; 0.001), and between life-space mobility and satisfaction with service infrastructure (r=0.09; p&lt; 0.001). The correlations were stronger for men and for adults aged 65-74 years, compared to younger and older age groups. Those with their independent life space limited to the home and the close exterior surroundings (balcony, garden etc) assessed the usability of the home significantly lower (p=0.04) than those with more extended independent life space. There was no difference with regard to infrastructure satisfaction. These results suggest that improvement of both the home environment and service infrastructure may be important in supporting extended life space mobility among older adults.
REFINING CARFREEME, A DRIVING RETIREMENT PROGRAM FOR PERSONS WITH DEMENTIA AND THEIR CARE PARTNERS
Authors: Peterson Colleen , Louwagie Katie , Birkeland Robyn , Ingvalson Stephanie N , Mitchell Lauren , Gaugler Joseph 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Persons living with dementia (PLWD) are at increased risk for roadway crashes and subsequent injury or death. Navigating driving retirement while respecting the PLWD’s autonomy and supporting continued independence can be challenging. CarFreeMe™, originally developed in Australia, is a driving retirement intervention providing tailored psychoeducational telecoaching modules to PLWD and/or their care partners. Session topics include living with dementia, balancing independence and safety, adjusting to loss and change, exploring others’ experiences with driving retirement, planning for alternative transportation, lifestyle planning, advocacy and support, and problem solving. Phase I enrolled 16 care partners and 11 PLWD. Mixed methods data from Phase I’s 1- and 3-month follow-up surveys and post-intervention interviews demonstrated feasibility and acceptance of CarFreeMe™ with a U.S. audience. Phase I participants found the program valuable and would recommend it to others (96% care partners, 100% PLWD). Care partners and PLWD reported improved Readiness of Mobility Transition scores at the 3-month survey. Several felt the program may be most useful early in the decision making process. The program offered strategies and education that facilitated conversations both during and outside of the intervention sessions to support the PLWD’s agency and acceptance of driving retirement. Participant feedback and lessons learned from Phase I informed Phase II development and deployment. Phase II is enrolling 50 care partners, PLWD, or dyads and includes 3- and 6-month follow-up surveys. Preliminary CarFreeMe™ Phase II utility, acceptance, and driving related outcomes will be discussed as well as next steps for evaluation.