bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of late paravalvular regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: prognostic implications
Authors: Landes Uri , Hochstadt Aviram , Manevich Lisa , Webb John G , Sathananthan Janarthanan , Sievert Horst , Piayda Kerstin , Leon Martin B , Nazif Tamim M , Blusztein David , Hildick-Smith David , Pavitt Chris , Thiele Holger , Abdel-Wahab Mohamed , Van Mieghem Nicolas M , Adrichem Rik , Sondergaard Lars , De Backer Ole , Makkar Raj R , Koren Ofir , Pilgrim Thomas , Okuno Taishi , Kornowski Ran , Codner Pablo , Finkelstein Ariel , Loewenstein Itamar , Barbash Israel , Sharon Amir , De Marco Federico , Montorfano Matteo , Buzzatti Nicola , Latib Azeem , Scotti Andrea , Kim Won-Keun , Hamm Christian , Franco Luis Nombela , Mangieri Antonio , Schoels Wolfgang H , Barbanti Marco , Bunc Matjaz , Akodad Myriama , Rubinshtein Ronen , Danenberg Haim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsParavalvular regurgitation (PVR) after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The effect of transcatheter interventions to treat PVR after the index TAVI was investigated.Methods and resultsA registry of consecutive patients who underwent transcatheter intervention for ≥ moderate PVR after the index TAVI at 22 centers. The principal outcomes were residual aortic regurgitation (AR) and mortality at 1 year after PVR treatment. A total of 201 patients were identified: 87 (43%) underwent redo-TAVI, 79 (39%) plug closure, and 35 (18%) balloon valvuloplasty. Median TAVI-to-re-intervention time was 207 (35; 765) days. The failed valve was self-expanding in 129 (63.9%) patients. The most frequent devices utilized were a Sapien 3 valve for redo-TAVI (55, 64%), an AVP II as plug (33, 42%), and a True balloon for valvuloplasty (20, 56%). At 30 days, AR ≥ moderate persisted in 33 (17.4%) patients: 8 (9.9%) after redo-TAVI, 18 (25.9%) after plug, and 7 (21.9%) after valvuloplasty (P = 0.036). Overall mortality was 10 (5.0%) at 30 days and 29 (14.4%) at 1 year: 0, 8 (10.1%), and 2 (5.7%) at 30 days (P = 0.010) and 11 (12.6%), 14 (17.7%), and 4 (11.4%) at 1 year (P = 0.418), after redo-TAVI, plug, and valvuloplasty, respectively. Regardless of treatment strategy, patients in whom AR was reduced to ≤ mild had lower mortality at 1 year compared with those with AR persisting ≥ moderate [11 (8.0%) vs. 6 (21.4%); P = 0.007].ConclusionThis study describes the efficacy of transcatheter treatments for PVR after TAVI. Patients in whom PVR was successfully reduced had better prognosis. The selection of patients and the optimal PVR treatment modality require further investigation.
Promoting extinction or minimizing growth? The impact of treatment on trait trajectories in evolving populations
Authors: Raatz Michael , Traulsen Arne 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
When cancers or bacterial infections establish, small populations of cells have to free themselves from homoeostatic regulations that prevent their expansion. Trait evolution allows these populations to evade this regulation, escape stochastic extinction and climb up the fitness landscape. In this study, we analyze this complex process and investigate the fate of a cell population that underlies the basic processes of birth, death, and mutation. We find that the shape of the fitness landscape dictates a circular adaptation trajectory in the trait space spanned by birth and death rates. We show that successful adaptation is less likely for parental populations with higher turnover (higher birth and death rates). Including density- or trait-affecting treatment we find that these treatment types change the adaptation dynamics in agreement with a geometrical analysis of fitness gradients. Treatment strategies that simultaneously target birth and death rates are most effective, but also increase evolvability. By mapping physiological adaptation pathways and molecular drug mechanisms to traits and treatments with clear eco-evolutionary consequences, we can achieve a much better understanding of the adaptation dynamics and the eco-evolutionary mechanisms at play in the dynamics of cancer and bacterial infections.
Perceived Discrimination in Health Care for LGBTQIA+ People Living With Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Bayram Ece , Weigand Alexandra J , Flatt Jason D 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
People who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, asexual, other non-cisgender, and non-heterosexual identities (LGBTQIA+) experience discrimination when accessing health care. We investigated specific experiences of LGBTQIA+ people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP) as they are less known.

Methods
Data were obtained from Fox Insight for PwP identifying as LGBTQIA+ (n = 210), cisgender, heterosexual women (n = 2,373) or cisgender, heterosexual men (n = 2,453). Discrimination in Medical Settings Scale responses and reports of whether gender identity or sexual orientation played a role in the perceived discrimination were compared across the groups.

Results
Parkinson’s diagnosis age was the youngest for LGBTQIA+ PwP. Despite similar levels of education with cisgender, heterosexual men, LGBTQIA+ people had lower levels of income and were more likely to be unemployed. Cisgender, heterosexual women and LGBTQIA+ PwP reported greater discrimination than cisgender, heterosexual men. Compared to cisgender, heterosexual men; LGBTQIA+ people (25%) and cisgender, heterosexual women (20%) were more likely to report their gender affected how they were treated; LGBTQIA+ PwP (19%) were more likely to report their sexual orientation affected how they were treated.

Discussion
Women and LGBTQIA+ PwP may be at a higher risk for discrimination in medical settings. Facing disparities while receiving health care based on gender or sexual orientation can affect the health care utilization of PwP. Health care providers should consider their behaviors and interactions with PwP to ensure inclusive and welcoming health care environments.
Data Access under the Draft Data Act, Competition Law and the DMA: Opening the Data Treasures for Cowmpetition and Innovation?
Authors: Schweitzer Heike , Metzger Axel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the ongoing transformation from ‘industrial capitalism’ towards an ‘informational capitalism’, one of the core challenges is for the law to design and enforce an appropriate legal framework for access to and use of data. Focusing on access to data generated by the use of products or online services (product and online services usage data), the aim of this paper is to describe and systematize the core elements of this legal framework in the making and to provide some guidance on how it could be further developed. Access by the users of products or online services to the individual-level data that their usage generates must be distinguished from access to bundled individual-level and aggregated data by third parties. With regard to data co-generators’ access to individual-level product usage data, the Draft Data Act proposes to create new rights to access that will become part of a new private law infrastructure of data rights. These access rights are granted independently of whether the data holder is dominant. With regard to data co-generators’ access to individual-level services usage data, the Digital Markets Act (DMA) establishes rights of access only vis-à-vis gatekeepers within the meaning of the DMA. Third-party undertakings who request access to bundled individual-level or aggregated data can, as of now, only base their claim on Art. 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) and – in the case of search data – on Art. 6(11) DMA. A regulatory approach has been proposed as an alternative. This paper strives to systematize this hodgepodge of approaches and discern the broader principles that can guide the legislature in creating and fleshing out the legal framework for data. Ideally, markets for bundled individual level or aggregated data will emerge based on the rights of data co-generators to access individual-level data. For this to happen, data intermediaries will have to play a larger role and succeed in bundling and marketing such data.
Recent Trends in Investment Arbitration on the Right to Regulate, Environment, Health and Corporate Social Responsibility: Too Much or Too Little?
Authors: Baltag Crina , Joshi Riddhi , Duggal Kabir 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The article addresses the recent trends in investment arbitration, focusing on the evolution of international investment agreements from the perspective of the right of the States to regulate in public interest, as well as of the provisions concerning environment, health, and corporate social responsibility. These issues have been chosen because they highlight areas where the tension between sovereign and private interests is evident, as well as where States often face resistance in implementing public policy. Furthermore, the discussion is opportune as the mandate entrusted to the UNCITRAL Working Group III concerned with investor-State dispute settlement reform is limited to procedural aspects of such reform, leaving to the discretion of the States, as treaty-makers, the regulation of the substantive issues concerning foreign investments. The analysis of the international investment agreements concluded between January 2018 and December 2020 demonstrates that treaty language is constantly evolving to protect and expand the scope of States’ regulatory autonomy. The article concludes that investor-State dispute settlement remains the framework in which environmental, human rights and corporate social responsibility obligations can be smoothly integrated within the international investment law, allowing both States and investors to take advantage of and be held accountable for their respective obligations.
Individual and joint effect of indoor air pollution index and ambient particulate matter on fetal growth: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhou Shuang , Guo Yuming , Su Tao , Chen Gongbo , Liu Hui , Li Qin , Bao Heling , Ji Yuelong , Luo Shusheng , Liu Zheng , Wang Hui , Liu Jue , Han Na , Wang Hai-Jun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Limited studies have examined the effect of prenatal exposure to particulate matter with diameter of &lt;2.5 µm (PM2.5) and &lt;1 μm (PM1) on fetal growth using ultrasound measurements with inconsistent results. No study has evaluated the joint effect of the indoor air pollution index and ambient particulate matter on fetal growth.

Methods
We conducted a prospective birth cohort study in Beijing, China in 2018, including 4319 pregnant women. We estimated prenatal PM2.5 and PM1 exposure using a machine-learning method and calculated the indoor air pollution index based on individual interviews. Gender- and gestational age-adjusted Z-score of the abdominal circumference (AC), head circumference (HC), femur length (FL) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) was calculated and then undergrowth was defined. A generalized estimating equation was used to evaluate the individual and joint effect of indoor air pollution index, PM2.5 and PM1 on fetal Z-score and undergrowth parameters.

Results
One unit increase in the indoor air pollution index was associated with −0.044 (95% CI: −0.087, −0.001) and −0.050 (95% CI: −0.094, −0.006) decrease in the AC and HC Z-scores, respectively. PM1 and PM2.5 were associated with decreased AC, HC, FL and EFW Z-scores, and higher risk of undergrowth. Compared with exposure to lower PM1 (≤ median) and no indoor air pollution, those exposed to higher PM1 (&gt; median) and indoor air pollution had decreased EFW Z-scores (β = −0.152, 95% CI: −0.230, −0.073) and higher risk of EFW undergrowth (RR = 1.651, 95% CI: 1.106, 2.464). Indoor air pollution and ambient PM2.5 exposure had a similar joint effect on the Z-scores and undergrowth parameters of fetal growth.

Conclusions
This study suggested that indoor air pollution and ambient PM exposure had individual and joint negative effects on fetal growth.
The Child-Rearing Scale as a Measure of Authoritarianism in a Non-Western Context: Evidence from Mass and Elite Surveys in Russia
Authors: Zhirkov Kirill , Ponarin Eduard , Rivera Sharon Werning 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe child-rearing scale (CRS) as a measure of authoritarianism holds promise for cross-cultural public opinion research but its validity beyond the Western and, in particular, American context has never been investigated. We address this gap by studying the scale’s validity in Russia, a particularly interesting case due to its long history as a left-wing authoritarian regime. We also combine data from mass and elite surveys conducted in 2020 to explore the structure and performance of the CRS across different subpopulations. Using these data, we replicate the overall structure of the scale and confirm its validity. However, we also show that some indicators perform differently across masses and elites. Our findings suggest that the CRS is a valid measure of authoritarianism outside the United States but also show that its external linkages can vary across specific groups, depending on the country under examination.
Statelessness, Inability or Unwillingness to Return, and the ‘Country of His Former Habitual Residence’ as the Country of Reference for the Purposes of Article 1A(2) of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees
Authors: Fripp Eric 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In the case of persons ‘not having a nationality’, article 1A(2) of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees provides that a claim to protection as a refugee must be made good by reference to the ‘country of his former habitual residence’ on the basis of being ‘unable or unwilling to return to it’ for a relevant reason. This article focuses on the rubric for qualification as a refugee for those ‘not having a nationality’. It addresses questions of interpretation, including the meaning of the phrases ‘not having a nationality’ and ‘country of his former habitual residence’; whether an individual may have multiple countries of former habitual residence; and, if so, how such cases are to be addressed, consistent with the Convention’s text and its underlying protective purpose.
Reckoning with Conservation Violence on Indigenous Territories: Possibilities and Limitations of a Transitional Justice Response
Authors: Luoma Colin 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
This article reflects on the merits of applying transitional justice to wrongs caused by the creation and enforcement of protected areas on Indigenous Peoples’ territories, referred to herein as ‘conservation violence.’ Conservation violence commonly infringes on an interrelated set of human rights, constituting a principal threat to both Indigenous Peoples and the environment. This wrongdoing has not been adequately scrutinized in transitional justice discourse, despite the field’s recent expansion into areas of Indigenous and environmental harm. This article argues there are sound conceptual and pragmatic reasons for transitional justice to engage with conservation violence, with potential benefits flowing to both Indigenous Peoples and nature. Yet, it is unlikely to deliver what Indigenous Peoples principally demand, namely restitution of their lands, territories and resources. This raises concerns regarding the suitability of applying conventional transitional justice in this context and dictates that any process should be approached modestly, cautiously and in complement to broader, long-term reforms aimed at land restitution and decolonization.
K-Theory and the Universal Coefficient Theorem for Simple Separable Exact C*-Algebras Not Isomorphic to Their Opposites
Authors: Phillips N Christopher , Viola Maria Grazia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We construct uncountably many mutually nonisomorphic simple separable stably finite unital exact C*-algebras that are not isomorphic to their opposite algebras. In particular, we prove that there are uncountably many possibilities for the $K_0$-group, the $K_1$-group, and the tracial state space of such an algebra. We show that these C*-algebras satisfy the Universal Coefficient Theorem, which is new even for the already known example of an exact C*-algebra nonisomorphic to its opposite algebra produced in an earlier work.
Pitfalls and Tensions in Digitalizing Talent Acquisition: An Analysis of HRM Professionals’ Considerations Related to Digital Ethics
Authors: Koivunen Sami , Sahlgren Otto , Ala-Luopa Saara , Olsson Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The practices of organizational talent acquisition are rapidly transforming as a result of the proliferation of information systems that support decision-making, ranging from applicant tracking systems to recruitment chatbots. As part of human resource management (HRM), talent acquisition covers recruitment and team-assembly activities and is allegedly in dire need for digital aid. We analyze the pitfalls and tensions of digitalization in this area through a lens that builds on the interdisciplinary literature related to digital ethics. Using three relevant landmark papers, we analyzed qualitative data from 47 interviews of HRM professionals in Finland, including team-assembly facilitators and recruitment experts. The analysis highlights 14 potential tensions and pitfalls, such as the tension between requesting detailed data versus respecting privacy and the pitfall of unequal treatment across application channels. We identify that the values of autonomy, fairness and utility are often especially at risk of being compromised. We discuss the tendency of the binary considerations related to human and automated decision making, and the reasons for the incompatibility between current digital systems and organizations’ needs for talent acquisition.
Framework of the Centralized Interactive Phenomics Resource (CIPHER) standard for electronic health data-based phenomics knowledgebase
Authors: Honerlaw Jacqueline , Ho Yuk-Lam , Fontin Francesca , Gosian Jeffrey , Maripuri Monika , Murray Michael , Sangar Rahul , Galloway Ashley , Zimolzak Andrew J , Whitbourne Stacey B , Casas Juan P , Ramoni Rachel B , Gagnon David R , Cai Tianxi , Liao Katherine P , Gaziano J Michael , Muralidhar Sumitra , Cho Kelly 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The development of phenotypes using electronic health records is a resource-intensive process. Therefore, the cataloging of phenotype algorithm metadata for reuse is critical to accelerate clinical research. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has developed a standard for phenotype metadata collection which is currently used in the VA phenomics knowledgebase library, CIPHER (Centralized Interactive Phenomics Resource), to capture over 5000 phenotypes. The CIPHER standard improves upon existing phenotype library metadata collection by capturing the context of algorithm development, phenotyping method used, and approach to validation. While the standard was iteratively developed with VA phenomics experts, it is applicable to the capture of phenotypes across healthcare systems. We describe the framework of the CIPHER standard for phenotype metadata collection, the rationale for its development, and its current application to the largest healthcare system in the United States.
“Are we there yet?” Ten persistent hazards and inefficiencies with the use of medication administration technology from the perspective of practicing nurses
Authors: Taft Teresa , Rudd Elizabeth Anne , Thraen Iona , Kazi Sadaf , Pruitt Zoe M , Bonk Christopher W , Busog Deanna-Nicole , Franklin Ella , Hettinger Aaron Z , Ratwani Raj M , Weir Charlene R 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
(1) Characterize persistent hazards and inefficiencies in inpatient medication administration; (2) Explore cognitive attributes of medication administration tasks; and (3) Discuss strategies to reduce medication administration technology-related hazards.

Materials and Methods
Interviews were conducted with 32 nurses practicing at 2 urban, eastern and western US health systems. Qualitative analysis using inductive and deductive coding included consensus discussion, iterative review, and coding structure revision. We abstracted hazards and inefficiencies through the lens of risks to patient safety and the cognitive perception-action cycle (PAC).

Results
Persistent safety hazards and inefficiencies related to MAT organized around the PAC cycle included: (1) Compatibility constraints create information silos; (2) Missing action cues; (3) Intermittent communication flow between safety monitoring systems and nurses; (4) Occlusion of important alerts by other, less helpful alerts; (5) Dispersed information: Information required for tasks is not collocated; (6) Inconsistent data organization: Mismatch of the display and the user’s mental model; (7) Hidden medication administration technologies (MAT) limitations: Inaccurate beliefs about MAT functionality contribute to overreliance on the technology; (8) Software rigidity causes workarounds; (9) Cumbersome dependencies between technology and the physical environment; and (10) Technology breakdowns require adaptive actions.

Discussion
Errors might persist in medication administration despite successful Bar Code Medication Administration and Electronic Medication Administration Record deployment for reducing errors. Opportunities to improve MAT require a deeper understanding of high-level reasoning in medication administration, including control over the information space, collaboration tools, and decision support.

Conclusion
Future medication administration technology should consider a deeper understanding of nursing knowledge work for medication administration.
Reactive oxygen species are associated with the inhibitory effect of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide on the entry of the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2
Authors: Hayashi Yasuhiro , Huang Xuhao , Tanikawa Takashi , Tanigawa Kazunari , Yamamoto Mizuki , Gohda Jin , Inoue Jun-ichiro , Fukase Koichi , Kabayama Kazuya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide (4-HPR) inhibits the dihydroceramide Δ4-desaturase 1 (DEGS1) enzymatic activity. We previously reported that 4-HPR suppresses the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein-mediated membrane fusion through a decrease in membrane fluidity in a DEGS1-independent manner. However, the precise mechanism underlying the inhibition of viral entry by 4-HPR remains unclear. In this study, we examined the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the inhibition of membrane fusion by 4-HPR because 4-HPR is a well-known ROS-inducing agent. Intracellular ROS generation was found to be increased in the target cells in a cell–cell fusion assay after 4-HPR treatment, which was attenuated by the addition of the antioxidant, α-tocopherol (TCP). The reduction in membrane fusion susceptibility by 4-HPR treatment in the cell–cell fusion assay was alleviated by TCP addition. Furthermore, fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis showed that the lateral diffusion of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein and SARS CoV-2 receptor was reduced by 4-HPR treatment and restored by TCP addition. These results indicate that the decrease in SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-mediated membrane fusion and membrane fluidity by 4-HPR was due to ROS generation. Taken together, these results demonstrate that ROS production is associated with the 4-HPR inhibitory effect on SARS-CoV-2 entry.