bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subsidizing Failing Firms: Evidence from Chinese Restaurants
Authors: Deng Yinglu , Lu Fangzhou , Yu Jiaheng , Zheng Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing data on nearly 20,000 restaurants in China during the COVID-19 outbreak, we find evidence that the government-sponsored rent reduction program reduced debt overhang problems. Rent reductions, which averaged 36,000 RMB per restaurant, increase the open rate of restaurants by 3.7%, revenue by 11,000 RMB, and the number of employees by 0.36. Larger restaurants with higher committed costs benefit more from the rent reduction. The stimulus has a positive spillover effect that boosts the revenue of restaurants in the immediate vicinity of subsidized restaurants. The treatment effect varies with organizational structure in a manner consistent with an information frictions hypothesis.
Mass Movement Hazard and Exposure in the Himalaya
Authors: Dubey Saket , Sattar Ashim , Goyal Manish Kumar , Allen Simon , Frey Holger , Haritashya Umesh K. , Huggel Christian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHimalaya is experiencing frequent catastrophic mass movement events such as avalanches and landslides, causing loss of human lives and infrastructure. Millions of people reside in critical zones potentially exposed to such catastrophes. Despite this, a comprehensive assessment of mass movement exposure is lacking at a regional scale. Here, we developed a novel method of determining mass movement trajectories and applied it to the Himalayan Mountain ranges for the first time to quantify the exposure of infrastructure, waterways, roadways, and population in six mountain ranges, including Hindu Kush, Karakoram, western Himalaya, eastern Himalaya, central Himalaya, and Hengduan Shan. Our results reveal that the exposure of buildings and roadways to mass movements is highest in Karakoram, whereas central Himalaya has the highest exposed waterways. The hotspots of exposed roadways are concentrated in Nepal, the North Indian states of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, the Union Territory of Ladakh, and China's Sichuan Province. Our analysis shows that the population in the central Himalaya is currently at the highest exposure to mass movement impacts. Projected future populations based on Shared Socio‐economic and Representative Concentration Pathways suggest that changing settlement patterns and emission scenarios will significantly influence the potential impact of these events on the human population. Assessment of anticipated secondary hazards (glacial lake outburst floods) shows an increase in probable headward impacts of mass movements on glacial lakes in the future. Our findings will support researchers, policymakers, stakeholders, and local governments in identifying critical areas that require detailed investigation for risk reduction and mitigation.
Tackling Growing Drought Risks—The Need for a Systemic Perspective
Authors: Hagenlocher M. , Naumann G. , Meza I. , Blauhut V. , Cotti D. , Döll P. , Ehlert K. , Gaupp F. , Van Loon A. F. , Marengo J. A. , Rossi L. , Sabino Siemons A. S. , Siebert S. , Tsehayu A. T. , Toreti A. , Tsegai D. , Vera C. , Vogt J. , Wens M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the last few years, the world has experienced numerous extreme droughts with adverse direct, cascading, and systemic impacts. Despite more frequent and severe events, drought risk assessment is still incipient compared to that of other meteorological and climate hazards. This is mainly due to the complexity of drought, the high level of uncertainties in its analysis, and the lack of community agreement on a common framework to tackle the problem. Here, we outline that to effectively assess and manage drought risks, a systemic perspective is needed. We propose a novel drought risk framework that highlights the systemic nature of drought risks, and show its operationalization using the example of the 2022 drought in Europe. This research emphasizes that solutions to tackle growing drought risks should not only consider the underlying drivers of drought risks for different sectors, systems or regions, but also be based on an understanding of sector/system interdependencies, feedbacks, dynamics, compounding and concurring hazards, as well as possible tipping points and globally and/or regionally networked risks.
Printed Dual‐Frequency Directional Antenna Loaded With Dual‐Parasitic Strip
Authors: Kittiyanpunya Chainarong , Chomdee Pongsathorn 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the directional antenna is developed to construct the printed dual‐frequency directional antenna for a 1‐GHz/2.3‐GHz dual‐frequency sensor application. An auxiliary dipole element generating the higher resonant mode is set on a primary dipole element introducing the lower resonant mode. The feed balance is also designed to cover the desired frequency between two resonance frequencies, which is based on the microstrip line (MS) to coplanar stripline (CPS) transition. To realize the directional antenna, two reflector elements are utilized, and one of them is a stepped‐width reflector on reducing the size of the antenna. In addition, the parasitic strip works as the lumped element used to obtain good impedance matching. A series of simulations are performed on the MS‐to‐CPS transition, the dual dipole element, the reflectors, and the parasitic strip to determine the optimal antenna design. A prototype is fabricated based on the optimal results of the simulation. Concerning the measured results, the proposed antenna has well unidirectional radiations, good radiation efficiencies, and low cross‐polarization levels at any operating frequencies.
Fluorescence microscope light source based on integrated LED
Authors: Zi Jianchen , Bi Hai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn LED-integrated excitation cube (LEC) was designed to address the limitations of conventional fluorescence lamps. The LEC has a decentralized structure, high optical power density, and efficient illumination. The optical efficiency of LECs is 1–2 orders of magnitude higher than that of mercury lamps, enabling high-quality fluorescence imaging with spectral coverage from UV to red. LECs can be easily installed on commercial fluorescence microscopes by replacing conventional fluorescence filter cubes, and a built-in LEC driver can identify the types of LEDs in different spectral bands to adopt optimal operating conditions.
Dual-light emitting 3D encryption with printable fluorescent-phosphorescent metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Oh Jin Woo , Lee Seokyeong , Han Hyowon , Allam Omar , Choi Ji Il , Lee Hyeokjung , Jiang Wei , Jang Jihye , Kim Gwanho , Mun Seungsoo , Lee Kyuho , Kim Yeonji , Park Jong Woong , Lee Seonju , Jang Seung Soon , Park Cheolmin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOptical encryption technologies based on room-temperature light-emitting materials are of considerable interest. Herein, we present three-dimensional (3D) printable dual-light-emitting materials for high-performance optical pattern encryption. These are based on fluorescent perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) embedded in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) designed for phosphorescent host-guest interactions. Notably, perovskite-containing MOFs emit a highly efficient blue phosphorescence, and perovskite NCs embedded in the MOFs emit characteristic green or red fluorescence under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Such dual-light-emitting MOFs with independent fluorescence and phosphorescence emissions are employed in pochoir pattern encryption, wherein actual information with transient phosphorescence is efficiently concealed behind fake information with fluorescence under UV exposure. Moreover, a 3D cubic skeleton is developed with the dual-light-emitting MOF powder dispersed in 3D-printable polymer filaments for 3D dual-pattern encryption. This article outlines a universal principle for developing MOF-based room-temperature multi-light-emitting materials and a strategy for multidimensional information encryption with enhanced capacity and security.
Near index matching enables solid diffractive optical element fabrication via additive manufacturing
Authors: Orange kedem Reut , Opatovski Nadav , Xiao Dafei , Ferdman Boris , Alalouf Onit , Kumar Pal Sushanta , Wang Ziyun , von der Emde Henrik , Weber Michael , Sahl Steffen J. , Ponjavic Aleks , Arie Ady , Hell Stefan W. , Shechtman Yoav 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDiffractive optical elements (DOEs) have a wide range of applications in optics and photonics, thanks to their capability to perform complex wavefront shaping in a compact form. However, widespread applicability of DOEs is still limited, because existing fabrication methods are cumbersome and expensive. Here, we present a simple and cost-effective fabrication approach for solid, high-performance DOEs. The method is based on conjugating two nearly refractive index-matched solidifiable transparent materials. The index matching allows for extreme scaling up of the elements in the axial dimension, which enables simple fabrication of a template using commercially available 3D printing at tens-of-micrometer resolution. We demonstrated the approach by fabricating and using DOEs serving as microlens arrays, vortex plates, including for highly sensitive applications such as vector beam generation and super-resolution microscopy using MINSTED, and phase-masks for three-dimensional single-molecule localization microscopy. Beyond the advantage of making DOEs widely accessible by drastically simplifying their production, the method also overcomes difficulties faced by existing methods in fabricating highly complex elements, such as high-order vortex plates, and spectrum-encoding phase masks for microscopy.
The molecular genetics of nELAVL in brain development and disease
Authors: Mulligan Meghan R. , Bicknell Louise S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEmbryonic development requires tight control of gene expression levels, activity, and localisation. This control is coordinated by multiple levels of regulation on DNA, RNA and protein. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are recognised as key regulators of post-transcriptional gene regulation, where their binding controls splicing, polyadenylation, nuclear export, mRNA stability, translation rate and decay. In brain development, the ELAVL family of RNA binding proteins undertake essential functions across spatiotemporal windows to help regulate and specify transcriptomic programmes for cell specialisation. Despite their recognised importance in neural tissues, their molecular roles and connections to pathology are less explored. Here we provide an overview of the neuronal ELAVL family, noting commonalities and differences amongst different species, their molecular characteristics, and roles in the cell. We bring together the available molecular genetics evidence to link different ELAVL proteins to phenotypes and disease, in both the brain and beyond, including ELAVL2, which is the least studied ELAVL family member. We find that ELAVL-related pathology shares a common neurological theme, but different ELAVL proteins are more strongly connected to different phenotypes, reflecting their specialised expression across time and space.
Empathic embarrassment towards non-human agents in virtual environments
Authors: Hapuarachchi Harin , Higashihata Kento , Sugiura Maruta , Sato Atsushi , Itakura Shoji , Kitazaki Michiteru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHumans feel empathic embarrassment by witnessing others go through embarrassing situations. We examined whether we feel such empathic embarrassment even with robot avatars. Participants observed a human avatar and a robot avatar face a series of embarrassing and non-embarrassing scenarios. We collected data for their empathic embarrassment and the cognitive empathy on a 7-point Likert scale. Both empathic embarrassment and cognitive empathy were significantly higher in the embarrassed condition compared to the non-embarrassed condition with both avatars, and the cognitive empathy was significantly higher with the human avatar. There was a tendency of participants showing a higher level of skin conductance while watching the human avatar go through embarrassing situations compared to the robot avatar. A following experiment showed that the average plausibility of the embarrassed condition was significantly higher with the human avatar compared to the robot avatar. However, plausibility scores for emotion were not significantly different among the conditions. These results suggest that humans can feel empathic embarrassment as well as cognitive empathy for robot avatars while cognitive empathy for robot avatars is comparatively lower, and that part of the empathic difference between human and robot avatars might be due to the difference of their plausibility.
A semi-analytical method for characterization of fractal spoof surface plasmon polaritons with a transfer matrix and bloch theory
Authors: Najafy Vahid , Abbasi-Arand Bijan , Hesari-Shermeh Maryam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a semi-analytical approach is introduced to analyze a spoof plasmonic structure, with an arbitrary geometry. This approach is based on a combination of techniques that employ a full-wave simulator and the Bloch theorem. By applying periodic boundary conditions, the real and imaginary parts of the equation obtained from the equivalent network have been calculated. To show the accuracy and validity of this proposed approach, a complementary Minkowski fractal SSPP unit cell has been designed and analyzed, and this has been used in a surface plasmonic transmission line. The results of our proposed method have been compared to measured results, and the simulated and measured results showed that the SSPP transmission line possesses high performance, from 1.45 to 5 GHz.
A promising ultra-sensitive CO2 sensor at varying concentrations and temperatures based on Fano resonance phenomenon in different 1D phononic crystal designs
Authors: Almawgani Abdulkarem H. M. , Fathy Hamza Makhlouf , Elsayed Hussein A. , Abdelrahman Ali Yahya Ali , Mehaney Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDetecting of the levels of greenhouse gases in the air with high precision and low cost is a very urgent demand for environmental protection. Phononic crystals (PnCs) represent a novel sensor technology, particularly for high-performance sensing applications. This study has been conducted by using two PnC designs (periodic and quasi-periodic) to detect the CO2 pollution in the surrounding air through a wide range of concentrations (0–100%) and temperatures (0–180 °C). The detection process is physically dependent on the displacement of Fano resonance modes. The performance of the sensor is demonstrated for the periodic and Fibonacci quasi-periodic (S3 and S4 sequences) structures. In this regard, the numerical findings revealed that the periodic PnC provides a better performance than the quasi-periodic one with a sensitivity of 31.5 MHz, the quality factor (Q), along with a figure of merit (FOM) of 280 and 95, respectively. In addition, the temperature effects on the Fano resonance mode position were examined. The results showed a pronounced temperature sensitivity with a value of 13.4 MHz/°C through a temperature range of 0–60 °C. The transfer matrix approach has been utilized for modeling the acoustic wave propagation through each PnC design. Accordingly, the proposed sensor has the potential to be implemented in many industrial and biomedical applications as it can be used as a monitor for other greenhouse gases.
Effectiveness of a social-emotional learning program on developmental assets and subjective well-being
Authors: Aghatabay Rabea , Mahmoodabad Seyed Saeed Mazloomy , Vaezi Aliakbar , Rahimi Mehdi , Fallahzadeh Hosein , Alizadeh Somayeh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of a Social Emotional Learning (SEL) intervention designed based on social marketing on developmental assets and the well-being of female adolescents in Yazd, Iran. This mixed-method quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2018–2019. A total of 190 female students were selected by multi-stage sampling from the female middle and high schools in Yazd, Iran. A SEL intervention designed based on social marketing principles was implemented among the parents and students of the intervention group. The control group did not receive any intervention. Quantitative data were collected in three stages: pre-test, post-test after two months, and follow-up after six months via Developmental Assets Profile and EPOCH measure of wellbeing. A qualitative evaluation was also performed after the intervention. Results of the Repeated-Measures test indicated that the intervention significantly influenced social competence (p-value = .02). However results did not show improvement in the positive identity development of the participant girls. Qualitative findings suggested the effectiveness of the intervention on social competencies and positive identity. Based on the results of the present study, the SEL program might have a significant but small positive effect on the social competencies of the participating adolescents.
Summer diarrhea in children: a monocentric French epidemiological observational study
Authors: Mallier Camille , Creuzet Elisa , Lambert Céline , Delmas Julien , Mirand Audrey , Rochette Emmanuelle , Valot Stéphane , Moniot Maxime , Dalle Frédéric , Henquell Cécile , Merlin Etienne , Poirier Philippe , Verdan Matthieu , Nourrisson Céline 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPediatric diarrhea is a major public health problem worldwide. In France, continuous surveillance shows a winter epidemic peak and a more modest summer recrudescence. Few studies describe the infectious agents responsible for pediatric summer diarrhea in France. The objectives were to estimate the prevalence of infectious diarrhea and describe the pathogens responsible for summer diarrhea in children; and to describe common factors that can be used as guidance on the etiology of these diarrheas. A cross-sectional, single-center, epidemiological observational study was conducted in the pediatric emergency department of a French hospital between June and September in 2019 and 2020. Multiplex gastrointestinal pathogen panels were used for diagnostics. A multiple correspondence analysis was used to determine profiles of patients. A total of 95 children were included, of whom 82.1% (78/95) were under five years old. The prevalence of infectious summer diarrhea was 81.1% (77/95, 95%CI 71.7–88.4%). A total of 126 infectious agents were detected (50.0% bacteria, 38.1% viruses, 11.9% parasites). The main enteric pathogens were enteropathogen Escherichia coli (24/126), rotavirus (17/126) and Salmonella (16/126). A co-detection was found in 51.9% (40/77) of cases. Four patient profiles, considering the severity and the pathogen involved, were highlighted.
Affordance, usefulness, enjoyment, and aesthetics in sustaining virtual reality engagement
Authors: Jo Hyeon , Park Do-Hyung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs virtual reality (VR) continues to develop, it's attracting an increasing number of consumers who are seeking more diverse functions and experiences. This study presents a theoretical model designed to identify predictors of VR users' continuance intentions. Data was collected from VR users who had firsthand experiences with the technology, and partial least squares structural equation modeling was employed to analyze this data. The results showed a significant correlation between functional affordance and perceived usefulness. Cognitive affordance was found to have a significant association with perceived usefulness, but it also influenced perceived enjoyment. Moreover, physical affordance significantly related to both perceived usefulness and enjoyment. Perceived usefulness was found to directly affect both attitude and continuance intention, while empirical results validated the impact of perceived enjoyment on attitude. The element of shape showed a significant correlation with attitude. Finally, attitude was found to have a significant association with continuance intention. The findings from this study will provide valuable insights for VR companies, developers, and consumers.
Optimal design of transmitarray antennas via low-cost surrogate modelling
Authors: Belen Mehmet A. , Caliskan Alper , Koziel Slawomir , Pietrenko-Dabrowska Anna , Mahouti Peyman 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver the recent years, reflectarrays and transmitarrays have been drawing a considerable attention due to their attractive features, including a possibility of realizing high gain and pencil-like radiation patterns without the employment of complex feeding networks. Among the two, transmitarrays seem to be superior over reflectarrays in terms of achieving high radiation efficiency without the feed blockage. Notwithstanding, the design process of transmitarrays is more intricate due to the necessity of manipulating both the transmission phase and magnitude of its unit elements. For reliability, the design process has to be conducted at the level of full-wave electromagnetic models, which makes direct optimization prohibitive. The most widely used workaround is to employ surrogate modeling techniques to construct fast representations of the unit elements, yet the initial model setup cost is typically high and includes acquisition of thousands of training data points. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to cost-efficient design of transmitarrays. It is based on artificial-intelligence-enabled data-driven surrogates, which can be constructed using only a few hundreds of training data samples, while exhibiting the predictive power sufficient for reliable design. Our methodology is demonstrated by re-using the presented surrogate for the design of high-performance transmitarrays operating at various frequency ranges of 8–14 GHz, 22–28 GHz, and 28–36 GHz.
Combined dandelion extract and all-trans retinoic acid induces cytotoxicity in human breast cancer cells
Authors: Rezaie Hamed , Alipanah-Moghadam Reza , Jeddi Farhad , Clark Cain C. T. , Aghamohammadi Vahideh , Nemati Ali 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers among women worldwide. Recently, natural compounds have been widely used for the treatment of breast cancer. Present study evaluated antiproliferative and anti-metastasis activities of two natural compounds of dandelion and all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) in human MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells. We also evaluated the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, IL-1β, p53, NM23 and KAI1 genes. Data showed a clear additive cytotoxic effect in concentrations of 40 μM ATRA with 1.5 and 4 mg/ml of dandelion extract in MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cells, respectively. In both cell lines, compared with the untreated cells, the expression levels of MMP-9 and IL-1β were significantly decreased while p53 and KAI1 expression levels were increased. Besides, MMP-2 and NM23 had different expressions in the two studied cell lines. In conclusion, dandelion/ATRA co-treatment, in addition to having strong cytotoxic effects, has putative effects on the expression of anti-metastatic genes in both breast cancer cells.