bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interprofessional Education in NAACLS MLT and MLS Programs: Results of a National Survey
Authors: Bamfield-Cummings Shafisha , Bufkin Kendra , Jones Stephanie , Bayhaghi Giti , Kashyap Hari , De Leo Gianluca 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Interprofessional education is essential for students enrolled in health care professional programs.

Objectives
We assessed the attitudes towards and the beliefs about interprofessional education (IPE) among program directors of medical laboratory science (MLS) and medical laboratory technician (MLT) programs accredited by the National Accrediting Agency for Clinical Laboratory Sciences (NAACLS). We also investigated the inclusion of IPE in the curricula of such programs.

Methods
We emailed the link to an anonymous 22-item cross-sectional survey to 468 program directors and tabulated the responses.

Results
Program directors who support the need to include IPE within the curricula of MLT and MLS programs showed a generally positive attitude towards IPE. The beliefs about IPE among our respondents were not homogeneous. Program directors who have not yet implemented IPE in the curriculum may not have had an opportunity to experience the practical benefits of IPE.

Conclusion
Although barriers to IPE implementation exist, half of the respondents reported having already implemented IPE within their curricula.
Species and antifungal susceptibility profile of agents causing vulvovaginal candidiasis in a military population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Trajano Débora Thaís Moreira , Melhem Márcia de Souza Carvalho , Takahashi Juliana Possatto Fernandes , Bonfietti Lucas Xavier , de Araújo Miriam Randó , Corrêa Viviane Barbosa , Araújo Karina Basseto de Oliveira , Barnabé Viviani , Fernandes Carolina Gonçalves 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMilitary women on active duty are exposed to constant physical and mental demands, which may predispose them to some infection risks, including vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), a pathology considered a global public health problem. To monitor the prevalent and emerging pathogens in VVC, this study aimed to evaluate the distribution of yeast species and their in vitro antifungal susceptibility profile. We studied 104 vaginal yeast specimens obtained during routine clinical examinations. The population was attended at the Medical Center of the Military Police, São Paulo, Brazil, and was divided into two groups: infected patients (VVC) and colonised patients. Species were identified by phenotypic and proteomic methods (MALDI-TOF MS) and susceptibility to eight antifungal drugs, including azoles, polyenes, and echinocandins, was determined using microdilution broth. Candida albicans stricto sensu was found to be the most frequently isolated species (55%), but we observed a considerable rate of other Candida species isolates (30%), including Candida orthopsilosis stricto sensu only in the infected group. There were also other rare genera such as Rhodotorula, Yarrowia, and Trichosporon (15%), of which Rhodotorula mucilaginosa was the most prevalent in both groups. Fluconazole and voriconazole had the highest activity against all species in both groups. Candida parapsilosis was the most susceptible species, except for amphotericin-B in the infected group. Of note, we observed unusual resistance in C. albicans. Our results have allowed us to compile an epidemiological database on the etiology of VVC to support the empirical treatment and improve the health care of military women.
A semi-analytic study of self-interacting dark-matter haloes with baryons
Authors: Jiang Fangzhou , Benson Andrew , Hopkins Philip F , Slone Oren , Lisanti Mariangela , Kaplinghat Manoj , Peter Annika H G , Zeng Zhichao Carton , Du Xiaolong , Yang Shengqi , Shen Xuejian 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
We combine the isothermal Jeans model and the model of adiabatic halo contraction into a semi-analytic procedure for computing the density profile of self-interacting dark-matter (SIDM) haloes with the gravitational influence from the inhabitant galaxies. The model agrees well with cosmological SIDM simulations over the entire core-forming stage up to the onset of gravothermal core-collapse. Using this model, we show that the halo response to baryons is more diverse in SIDM than in CDM and depends sensitively on galaxy size, a desirable feature in the context of the structural diversity of bright dwarfs. The fast speed of the method facilitates analyses that would be challenging for numerical simulations – notably, we quantify the SIDM halo response as functions of the baryonic properties, on a fine mesh grid spanned by the baryon-to-total-mass ratio, Mb/Mvir, and galaxy compactness, r1/2/Rvir; we show with high statistical precision that for typical Milky-Way-like systems, the SIDM profiles are similar to their CDM counterparts; and we delineate the regime of core-collapse in the Mb/Mvir − r1/2/Rvir space, for a given cross section and concentration. Finally, we compare the isothermal Jeans model with the more sophisticated gravothermal fluid model, and show that the former yields faster core formation and agrees better with cosmological simulations. We attribute the difference to whether the target CDM halo is used as a boundary condition or as the initial condition for the gravothermal evolution, and thus comment on possible improvements of the fluid model. We have made our model publicly available at https://github.com/JiangFangzhou/SIDM.
Observations of two superfast rotator NEAs: 2021 NY1 and 2022 AB
Authors: Licandro Javier , Popescu Marcel , Tatsumi Eri , Alarcon Miguel R , Serra-Ricart Miquel , Medeiros Hissa , Morate David , Tinaut-Ruano Fernando , de León Julia 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
In the framework of the visible NEAs observations survey (ViNOS) that uses several telescopes at the Canary Islands observatories since 2018, we observed two superfast rotator NEAs, 2021 NY1 and 2022 AB. We obtained photometry and spectrophotometry of both targets and visible spectroscopy of 2022 AB. Light curves of 2021 NY1 obtained in four different nights between 2021 September 30 and 2021 October 16 return a rotation period P = 13.3449 ± 0.0013 minutes and a light curve amplitude A = 1.00 mag. We found that 2021 NY1 is a very elongated superfast rotator with an axis ratio a/b ≥ 3.6. We also report colours (g − r) = 0.664 ± 0.013, (r − i) = 0.186 ± 0.013, and (i − zs) = −0.117 ± 0.012 mag. These are compatible with an S-type asteroid. The light curves of 2022 AB obtained on 2021 January 5 and 2021 January 8 show a rotation period P = 3.0304 ± 0.0008 min, with amplitudes A = 0.52 and A = 0.54 mag. 2022 AB is also an elongated object with axis ratio a/b ≥ 1.6. The obtained colours are (g − r) = 0.400 ± 0.017, (r − i) = 0.133 ± 0.017, and (i − zs) = 0.093 ± 0.016. These colours are similar to those of the X-types, but with an unusually high (g − r) value. Spectra obtained on 2022 January 12 and 2022 January 14 are consistent with the reported colours. The spectral upturn over the 0.4 - 0.6 $\mu \mathrm{m}$ region of 2022 AB does not fit with any known asteroid taxonomical class or meteorite spectrum, confirming its unusual surface properties.
Astrochemically relevant H-atom-abstraction and H-atom-addition reactions connecting fulminic acid (HCNO) and formaldoxime (H2CNOH)
Authors: Keresztes Barbara , Góbi Sándor , Csonka István Pál , Ragupathy Gopi , Bazsó Gábor , Tarczay György 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
While fulminic acid (HCNO) is a well-known interstellar molecule, its partially hydrogenated form, formaldoxime (H2CNOH), has not been detected yet in the interstellar medium (ISM). A possible reason for the non-detection of H2CNOH can be that in the presence of H atoms the quasi-equilibrium between these species is shifted towards HCNO. To support this hypothesis, the H-atom-abstraction and H-atom-addition reactions of HCNO and H2CNOH were investigated in solid para-H2 matrix at 3.1 K. The reactions were followed by IR spectroscopy. The experiments proved that both the H-atom-addition reaction to HCNO and the H-atom-abstraction reaction from H2CNOH proceed at low temperatures, and these reactions yield H2CNO radical. In addition, H-atom-addition reaction can also take place with H2CNOH, leading to the formation of H3CNOH radical. Both H2CNO and H3CNOH radicals can react with H atoms, either in a H-atom-addition reaction or in a H-atom-abstraction reaction. Although all of these reactions are barrierless, experimentally the H-atom-addition reactions were not observed, revealing that the H-atom-abstraction reactions of these radicals are more effective. Therefore, in the case of a quasi-equilibrium condition, the abundance of H2CNOH in the ISM is expected to be lower than that of HCNO. Furthermore, the results also indicate that the H-atom-addition and H-atom-abstraction reactions between H2CNOH and HCNO can act as catalytic cycles for interstellar H2 formation.
Detecting and characterizing pulsar haloes with the Cherenkov telescope array
Authors: Eckner Christopher , Vodeb Veronika , Martin Pierrick , Zaharijas Gabrijela , Calore Francesca 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe recently identified source class of pulsar haloes may be numerous and bright enough in the TeV energy range to constitute a large fraction of the sources that will be observed with the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). In this work, we quantify the prospects for detecting and characterizing pulsar haloes in observations of the projected Galactic Plane Survey (GPS), using a simple phenomenological diffusion model for individual pulsar haloes and their population in the Milky Way. Our ability to uncover pulsar haloes and constrain their main physical parameters in the CTA GPS is assessed in the framework of a full spatial-spectral likelihood analysis of simulated survey observations, using the most recent estimates for the instrument response function and prototypes for the science tools. For a model setup representative of the halo around Geminga, we find that about three hundred objects could give rise to detectable emission in the GPS survey. Yet, only a third of them could be identified through their energy-dependent morphology, and only one-tenth of them would allow the derivation of strong constraints on key physical parameters like the magnitude or extent of suppressed diffusion around the pulsar. We also provide a list of known pulsars that could be hosting a detectable (Geminga-like) halo in the GPS and assess the robustness of our findings against several systematic uncertainties.
Surface structure of 45 Hercules: an otherwise unremarkable Ap star with a surprisingly weak magnetic field
Authors: Kochukhov O , Gürsoytrak Mutlay H , Amarsi A M , Petit P , Mutlay I , Gürol B 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe origin of magnetic fields and their role in chemical spot formation on magnetic Ap stars is currently not understood. Here, we contribute to solving this problem with a detailed observational characterization of the surface structure of 45 Her, a weak-field Ap star. We find this object to be a long-period, single-lined spectroscopic binary and determine the binary orbit as well as fundamental and atmospheric parameters of the primary. We study magnetic field topology and chemical spot distribution of 45 Her with the help of the Zeeman Doppler imaging technique. Magnetic mapping reveals the stellar surface field to have a distorted dipolar topology with a surface-averaged field strength of 77 G and a dipolar component strength of 119 G – confirming it as one of the weakest well-characterized Ap-star fields known. Despite its feeble magnetic field, 45 Her shows surface chemical inhomogeneities with abundance contrasts of up to 6 dex. Of the four chemical elements studied, O concentrates at the magnetic equator, whereas Ti, Cr, and Fe avoid this region. Apart from this trend, the positions of Fe-peak element spots show no apparent correlation with the magnetic field geometry. No signs of surface differential rotation or temporal evolution of chemical spots on the time-scale of several years were detected. Our findings demonstrate that chemical spot formation does not require strong magnetic fields to proceed and that both the stellar structure and the global field itself remain stable for sub-100 G field strengths contrary to theoretical predictions.
Vaccination Coverage and Risk Factors Associated With Incomplete Vaccination Among Children in Cambodia, Madagascar, and Senegal
Authors: Verrier Florian , de Lauzanne Agathe , Diouf Jean-Baptiste Niokhhor , Zo Andrianirina Zafitsara , Ramblière Lison , Herindrainy Perlinot , Sarr Fatoumata Diene , Sok Touch , Vray Muriel , Collard Jean-Marc , Borand Laurence , Kermorvant-Duchemin Elsa , Delarocque-Astagneau Elisabeth , Guillemot Didier , Huynh Bich-Tram ,   for the Bacterial Infections and Antibiotic-Resistant Diseases Among Young Children in Low-Income Countries (BIRDY) Study Group, Randriamamonjiarison Aina Nirina , Volahasina Tanjona Antsa , Rasoanaivo Fanjalalaina , Rakotoarimanana Feno Manitra Jacob , Raheliarivao Tanjona Bodonirina , Randrianirina Frédérique , Chon Thida , Goyet Sophie , Kerleguer Alexandra , Ngo Véronique , Lach Siyin , Long Pring , Tarantola Arnaud , Diatta Marguerite , Faye Joseph , Seck Abdoulaye , Padget Michael , Abdou Armiya Youssouf , Garin Benoit 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundVaccination reduces mortality from infectious disease, which is the leading cause of death in children under 5 and bears a particularly high burden in low- and middle-income countries. The Global Vaccine Action Plan (2011–2020) has set a target of 90% vaccine coverage for all vaccines included in national immunization programs by 2020. The objectives of this study were to estimate vaccine coverage among children in Madagascar, Cambodia, and Senegal and to identify the risk factors associated with incomplete vaccination.MethodsUsing data from a community-based prospective cohort that included all newborn of some areas from 2012 to 2018 in these 3 countries, vaccine coverage was estimated for BCG, hepatitis B, oral polio, pentavalent (targeting diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, hepatitis B, and Haemophilus influenzae type b), and measles vaccines. Risk factor analysis was performed with logistic regression models to identify correlates of incomplete vaccination.ResultsA total of 3606 children were followed up, and vaccine coverage was below the 90% threshold for most vaccines in all countries. Coverage was higher for vaccines recommended at birth and at 6 weeks, while a decrease in coverage for subsequent doses was observed for vaccines requiring several doses (23–47 points). Low birth weight (&lt;2500 g) was an important risk factor for nonvaccination for vaccines recommended at birth in all 3 countries (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval] ranging from 1.93 [1.11–3.38] to 4.28 [1.85–9.37]).ConclusionsVaccine coverage for common childhood vaccines was lower than World Health Organization recommendations, and multidisciplinary approaches may help to improve vaccine coverage and timeliness.
Non-canonical amino acids as a tool for the thermal stabilization of enzymes
Authors: Lugtenburg Tim , Gran-Scheuch Alejandro , Drienovská Ivana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiocatalysis has become a powerful alternative for green chemistry. Expanding the range of amino acids used in protein biosynthesis can improve industrially appealing properties such as enantioselectivity, activity and stability. This review will specifically delve into the thermal stability improvements that non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) can confer to enzymes. Methods to achieve this end, such as the use of halogenated ncAAs, selective immobilization and rational design, will be discussed. Additionally, specific enzyme design considerations using ncAAs are discussed along with the benefits and limitations of the various approaches available to enhance the thermal stability of enzymes.
Diagnostic Test Accuracy of Provocative Maneuvers for the Diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Dabbagh Armaghan , MacDermid Joy C , Yong Joshua , Packham Tara L , Grewal Ruby , Boutsikari Eleni C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to summarize and evaluate the research on the accuracy of provocative maneuvers to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Methods
The MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane, and Embase databases were searched, and studies that assessed the diagnostic accuracy of at least 1 provocative test for CTS were selected. Study characteristics and data about the diagnostic accuracy of the provocative tests for CTS were extracted. A random-effects meta-analysis of the sensitivity (Sn) and specificity (Sp) of the Phalen test and Tinel sign was conducted. The risk of bias (ROB) was rated using the QUADAS-2 tool.

Results
Thirty-one studies that assessed 12 provocative maneuvers were included. The Phalen test and the Tinel sign were the 2 most assessed tests (in 22 and 20 studies, respectively). The ROB was unclear or low in 20 studies, and at least 1 item was rated as having high ROB in 11 studies. Based on a meta-analysis of 7 studies (604 patients), the Phalen test had a pooled Sn of 0.57 (95% CI = 0.44–0.68; range = 0.12–0.92) and a pooled Sp of 0.67 (95% CI = 0.52–0.79; range = 0.30–0.95). For the Tinel sign (7 studies, 748 patients), the pooled Sn was 0.45 (95% CI = 0.34–0.57; range = 0.17–0.97) and the pooled Sp was 0.78 (95% CI = 0.60–0.89; range = 0.40–0.92). Other provocative maneuvers were less frequently studied and had conflicting diagnostic accuracies.

Conclusion
Meta-analyses are imprecise but suggest that the Phalen test has moderate Sn and Sp, whereas the Tinel test has low Sn and high Sp. Clinicians should combine provocative maneuvers with sensorimotor tests, hand diagrams, and diagnostic questionnaires to achieve better overall diagnostic accuracy rather than relying on individual clinical tests.

Impact
Evidence of unclear and high ROB do not support the use of any single provocative maneuver for the diagnosis of CTS. Clinicians should consider a combination of noninvasive clinical diagnostic tests as the first choice for the diagnosis of CTS.
Adjusting the physico-chemical properties of collagen scaffolds to accommodate primary osteoblasts and endothelial cells
Authors: Meyer Nima , Bax Daniel V , Beck Jochen , Cameron Ruth E , Best Serena M 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCollagen-based biomaterials are used widely as tissue engineering scaffolds because of their excellent bioactivity and their similarity to the natural ECM. The regeneration of healthy bone tissue requires simultaneous support for both osteoblasts and, where angiogenesis is intended, endothelial cells. Hence it is important to tailor carefully the biochemical and structural characteristics of the scaffold to suit the needs of each cell type. This work describes for the first time a systematic study to gain insight into the cell type-specific response of primary human osteoblast (hOBs) and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) to insoluble collagen-based biomaterials. The behaviour was evaluated on both 2D films and 3D scaffolds, produced using freeze-drying. The collagen was cross-linked at various EDC/NHS concentrations and mono-cultured with hOBs and HDMECs to assess the effect of architectural features and scaffold stabilization on cell behaviour. It was observed that 3D scaffolds cross-linked at 30% of the standard conditions in literature offered an optimal combination of mechanical stiffness and cellular response for both cell types, although endothelial cells were more sensitive to the degree of cross-linking than hOBs. Architectural features have a time-dependent impact on the cell migration profile, with alignment being the most influential parameter overall.
Association between triglyceride-glucose index and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Xie Wenhui , Bian Wei , Song Zhibo , Deng Xuerong , Qu Jiahao , Zhang Zhuoli 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the association of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index with atherosclerotic risk among patients with PsA.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 165 consecutive PsA patients receiving carotid ultrasonography with integrated TyG index, calculated as ln [fasting triglycerides (mg/dl)  × fasting glucose (mg/dl)/2]. Logistic regression models were applied to analyse the association of TyG index as continuous variables and tertiles with carotid atherosclerosis and carotid artery plaque. Fully adjusted model included sex, age, smoking, BMI, comorbidities and psoriatic-related variables.

Results
Overall, PsA patients with carotid atherosclerosis had substantially higher TyG index than those without [8.82 (0.50) vs 8.54 (0.55), P = 0.002]. The frequency of carotid atherosclerosis was increased with increases in TyG index tertiles, showing 14.8%, 34.5%, 44.6% for tertile 1, 2 and 3, respectively (P = 0.003). Multivariate logistic analyses showed that each 1-unit increase in TyG index was significantly associated with prevalent carotid atherosclerosis [unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.65 (1.39–5.05); fully adjusted OR 2.69 (1.02–7.11)]. Compared with patients in tertile 1 of TyG index, the unadjusted and fully adjusted OR for occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis were 4.64 (1.85–11.60) and 5.10 (1.54–16.93) in patients in tertile 3. Similarly, higher prevalent carotid artery plaque was observed with increasing TyG index [unadjusted OR 3.11 (1.54–6.26); fully adjusted OR 3.61 (1.15–11.38)] or in tertile 3 vs tertile 1 [unadjusted OR 10.20 (2.83–36.82); fully adjusted OR 17.89 (2.88–111.11)]. Additionally, TyG index provided incremental predictive capacity beyond established risk factors, shown by an increase in discrimination ability (all P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
TyG index was positively correlated with the burden of atherosclerosis in PsA patients, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and psoriatic-related factors. These findings suggest that TyG index may be a promising atherosclerotic marker for the PsA population.
Differential Trajectories of Delusional Content and Severity Over 2 Years of Early Intervention for Psychosis: Comparison Between Chennai, India, and Montréal, Canada
Authors: Lemonde Ann-Catherine , Iyer Srividya N , Malla Ashok , Rangaswamy Thara , Padmavati Ramachandran , Mohan Greeshma , Taksal Aarati , Gariepy Genevieve , Joober Ridha , Boksa Patricia , Shah Jai L 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
There exist few direct studies of delusional content in psychosis across geo-cultural contexts, especially those in which treatment protocols and measures are comparable. To directly examine an illness outcome that is potentially culturally mediated, this study investigated the baseline presentation and longitudinal trajectory of delusions in first-episode psychosis (FEP) across 2 similar treatment settings in Montréal (Canada) and Chennai (India).

Study Design
Patients entering an early intervention program for FEP in Chennai (N = 168) and Montréal (N = 165) were compared on site-level differences in the presentation of delusions across specific time points over 2 years of treatment. Delusions were measured using the Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms. Chi-square and regression analyses were conducted

Study Results
At baseline, delusions were more frequent in Montréal than in Chennai (93% vs 80%, respectively; X2(1) = 12.36, P &lt; .001). Thematically, delusions of grandiosity, religiosity, and mind reading were more common in Montréal than in Chennai (all P &lt; .001); however, these baseline differences did not persist over time. Regression revealed a significant time-by-site interaction in the longitudinal course of delusions, which differs from the trajectory of other FEP-positive symptom domains.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first direct comparison of delusions in similar programs for FEP across 2 different geo-cultural contexts. Our findings support the notion that delusion themes follow consistent ordinal patterns across continents. Future work is needed to unpack the differences in severity that present at baseline and minor differences in content.