bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study to Assess the Impact of Gender and Psychiatric Distress on Coping Responses and the Levels of Anxiety, Depression, and Suicidal Ideation in Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Paul Oindrila , Chaudhuri Arunima , Banerjee Ushri , Paul Kalyan Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Medical education is one of the most stressful academic curricula across the globe, and response to stress can be manifested as physical response, emotional response, cognitive response, and behavioral response.

Aims:
The aim was to study the relationships between coping styles, level of anxiety, level of depression, and level of suicidal ideation in medical students with a special emphasis on gender differences.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 250 medical students of a medical college in West Bengal. Data were collected using online Google Forms. A pretested structured questionnaire contained five scales, namely General Health Questionnaire-28, Coping Response Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory-II, and Adult Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire.

Results:
Out of 250 students, 63.6% were male. In the case of psychiatric distress, 57.5% of males and 42.5% of females reported no considerable psychiatric distress. Among those with considerable levels of psychiatric distress, majority (68.6%) were male. Most (88%) of the participants exhibited above-average levels of state anxiety and only 0.8% of them exhibited above-average levels of trait anxiety. Moderate-to-severe levels of depression were found in 39.2% of the participants and 27.6% of them reported frequent suicidal ideation. Majority of the participants utilized avoidance coping methods such as cognitive avoidance, acceptance or resignation, seeking alternative rewards, and emotional discharge (ED). ED was found to be the most frequently used coping response.

Conclusions:
Psychiatric distress has a significant impact on the levels of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and coping responses in medical students. Gender had a significant role in the case of suicidal ideation and ED in medical students. Emotion-focused coping is more in use among medical students as compared to approach coping or problem-focused coping.
A Study on Predictors of Nomophobia Among Undergraduate Medical Students of a Tertiary Care Teaching Institute in Kolkata, West Bengal
Authors: Basu Mausumi , Shukla Vineeta , Maulik Sanghamitra , Kerketta Prince , Bysack Ratul Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Background and Objectives:
Undergraduate medical students are more prone to develop stress, anxiety, and depression; and COVID-19 is an additional source of pressure for them. The present study was conducted with the objectives to estimate the proportion of nomophobia among undergraduate medical students of a tertiary care teaching institute in Kolkata and to find the factors associated with it.

Materials and Methods:
An observational study, cross-sectional in design, was conducted at a tertiary care teaching institute in Kolkata among 395 undergraduate medical students for a period of 8 weeks. Nomophobia Questionnaire scale was used to measure nomophobia. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 25.0. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was performed to find the predictors of moderate and severe nomophobia.

Results:
All the medical students had some degree of nomophobia. About 26.8% of them had severe nomophobia, 61.3% had moderate nomophobia, and 11.9% had mild nomophobia. Age up to 20 years and the presence of addiction had statistically significant higher odds of severe nomophobia. Age up to 20 years, the presence of addiction, and up to 6 h' time spent per day with smart phone had significantly higher odds of moderate nomophobia.

Conclusion:
There was a high proportion of nomophobia among young budding doctors. Those who have already got moderate nomophobia should use smart phones more wisely and judiciously and avoid downloading addictive applications.
Empowerment Status of School-Going Adolescents in Anekal Taluk of Bengaluru District
Authors: Kalliath Jacob Davies , Gnanaselvam Nancy Angeline , Pinto Nihal Xavier , Chirayath Michael , Ramesh Naveen 
Published: May 2023

Context:
Empowerment is a multidimensional social process that enables vulnerable population to participate in and control the various determinants of health. This study was done to assess the empowerment status and factors associated with it among school-going adolescents in Anekal Taluk, Bangalore Urban District.

Materials and Methods:
It was a cross-sectional study. The sample included government school-going adolescents between 14-18 years of age. Study tools used were self-designed expert validated questionnaire on adolescent empowerment. Data were entered on EpiData and analyzed by SPSS version 16.0.

Results:
Among the 351 study participants, 196 (56%) were females and 188 (58%) were in 10th and 11th standards. In health domain, 186 (53%) of the students were aware about at least two nutritious foods and 317 (90.3%) of the students knew to cook food on their own; 271 (77.2%) of the students knew how to start a bank account and 307 (87.5%) knew what to do in a hospital when they are sick; 328 (93.6%) of students believe that minimum age for marriage for females was between 18-20 years and 329 (93.7%) knew at least one method of family planning; 282 (80.3%) of the students knew at least one vocational skill; 21 (6%) knew about child protection laws and 203 (58%) believe that decisions regarding important life events should be taken by both parents in conjunction with children.

Conclusions:
Adolescents lacked empowerment in terms of knowledge regarding reproductive health and nutrition. Years of schooling was found to be associated with better empowerment.
Incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions Among Elderly Patients
Authors: Hadia Rajesh , Joshi Dhaval , Bhil Dipika , Maheshwari Rajesh 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Several studies suggest that adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are commonly seen among hospitalized elderly and found common causes of hospital admission leading to substantial morbidity and mortality among elderly. However, no meta-analysis was conducted till date to estimate the overall incidence of ADRs among elderly.

Objectives:
To estimate the overall incidence of ADRs in elderly patients, incidence of ADRs in elderly in different health-care settings, incidence of serious ADRs in elderly patients, and the continent-wise incidence of ADRs in elderly patients.

Design:
Meta-analysis and systematic review.

Methodology:
Studies were identified through searching different databases such as MEDLINE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Google Scholar, Clinical Key, and Scopus (published from 1980 to October, 2015) and by hand searching the reputed journals on geriatrics and gerontology and references of the included articles. Original peer-reviewed research articles published in English, defined ADRs according to the WHO's or similar definition and assessed the incidence of ADRs in elderly or having sufficient raw data to determine the incidence were included. Disease- or treatment-specific studies were excluded. Before meta-analysis, the studies were evaluated for heterogeneity using Chi-square and I
2 statistics. The overall incidence of ADRs among the elderly with 95% confidence interval (CI) was determined using a random-effects model (DerSimonian and Laird method). Subgroup analyses were performed based on study settings and continent where the studies conducted. All the analyses were carried out using Review Manager (RevMan, version: 5.3) software.

Results:
Of the 5747 articles retrieved, only 56 and 54 articles were included for systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. The overall incidence (95% CI) of ADRs among elderly population was 12.94%. The health-care setting-wise overall incidences of ADRs in the elderly were 17.53%, 19.54%, and 6.92% in inpatients, outpatients, and patients hospitalized due to ADRs, respectively. The continent-wise overall incidences of ADRs in elderly were 12.15%, 22.94%, 12.34%, and 18.76% in Asia, Australia, Europe, and USA, respectively. Electrolyte disorders and skin rashes were the common manifestations of the drugs. Cardiovascular drugs and NSAIDs were the most common causative drugs for the ADRs among elderly. Polypharmacy was the major risk factor for ADRs in elderly population, irrespective of the type of health-care settings and continents.

Conclusions:
The incidence of ADRs in the elderly was higher and is a significant health-care burden in the elderly. Appropriate prescribing, proper compliance, and monitoring for ADRs are needed to decrease the incidence of ADRs in elderly patients.
Awareness about Cigarette- and Tobacco-Related Legislation among College Students of Belagavi City
Authors: Yadav Saroj Kumar , Narasannavar Ashwini , Bhattarai Shubhechchha 
Published: May 2023

Background:
In 2003, the COTPA act was enacted to control and prohibit tobacco use all over India. It has focused on advertisement, prohibition of sale of tobacco products to below 18 years individual, etc., Objective: The objective was to determine the awareness of cigarette and tobacco legislation among college students of Belagavi city.

Materials and Methods:
A pre-post study was conducted, comprising 101 urban participants and 96 rural participants of average age 17.35 ± 0.657 years in colleges in and around Belagavi taluka. The students were selected randomly. The awareness on COTPA was assessed using a pretested structured questionnaire before and after an educational intervention. Paired t-test was calculated to identify the difference in the pre- and post-test awareness scores.

Results:
The mean age of the participants was 17.35 ± 0.657 years. The pretest and posttest awareness scores among the urban participants was 8.22 ± 2.982 and 11.80 ± 1.995, respectively. Similarly, the pretest and posttest awareness scores among the rural participants was 10.28 ± 1.845 and 12.67 ± 0.496, respectively. The result showed a significant difference in pre- and post-test scores, indicating increase in awareness of both urban and rural participants after an effective interventional program.

Conclusion:
The study concludes that the health education had a good impact on awareness on COTPA among all participants.
Study of Thyroid Profile and Prolactin Levels in Female Infertility Patients
Authors: Kundu Sonia , Rao Sudhamani S , Singh Kritika , Rao Rajiv 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Thyroid as an endocrine organ along with prolactin hormone plays a significant role in the fecundity of the couple. Disorders in these hormones may cause menstrual abnormalities and anovulation, leading to infertility. Its dysfunction is not uncommon and is often reversible or preventable with early detection and treatment. This study was undertaken to study the occurrence of thyroid hormone dysfunction and hyperprolactinemia in infertile women.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, we studied the thyroid profile and prolactin levels in 100 infertile women who visited the obstetrics and gynecology department or in vitro fertilization center of a tertiary care hospital. The frequency of hypo- and hyperthyroidism along with hyperprolactinemia was studied, and the association between thyroid dysfunction and levels of serum prolactin was analyzed.

Results:
The majority of the infertile women were euthyroid. Thyroid dysfunction was noted in 27% of infertile women, with 17% showing hyperthyroidism and 10% showing hypothyroidism. Hyperprolactinemia was observed in 9% of infertile females. Hypothyroidism was found to be positively associated with hyperprolactinemia.

Conclusion:
Blood examination for thyroid hormone and prolactin should be kept in consideration as important routine workup in female infertility patients so that patients can be appropriately managed.
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Gujarati Version Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for Patellofemoral Subscale for Early Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis Population
Authors: Patel Heta Pavan , Balaganapathy M. 
Published: May 2023

Context:
The condition of knee pain is common across Gujarat state but identification of joint structure involvement is burdensome in the early cases. The earliest symptom/s patients reported early are anterior knee pain and difficulty in weight-bearing activities. By reviewing the related literature, the researcher states that these symptoms frame the involvement of patellofemoral joints. A dialect tool is not available to evaluate the symptoms of Gujarati speaking population. Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score for patellofemoral (KOOS-PF) scale was developed in the year 2018 using COSMIN guidelines for spotting patellofemoral disorders. It was a valid tool published in the English language.

Aims:
The study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and validate of KOOS-PF scale in the Gujarati language for the early patellofemoral arthritis population.

Settings and Design:
This validation study was carried out in six regional orthopedic hospitals.

Subjects and Methods:
A translation and cross-cultural adaptation process was conducted using Beaton D. 2002 guidelines. It was administered to 144 early patellofemoral arthritis patients to determine the psychometric properties.

Results:
A total of 144 participants with a mean age of 46.61 ± 4.31 were recruited. The internal consistency measures showed low Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.124). The participants completed the second administration of the Gujarati version scale for good test–retest reliability, r = 0.938. There were no floor and ceiling effects. The convergent validity was confirmed with a moderate negative correlation with Gujarati version modified Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (r = −0.527). Factor analysis explained that the scale was loaded on three factors.

Conclusions:
The analysis identified deficits in reliability and convergent validity of the Gujarati version of the KOOS-PF scale suggestive of the development of a new condition-specific tool for the early cases which can be used in research and clinical practice.
Rural South Indian spirometry values show wide variation compared to existing prediction equations
Authors: Christopher Devasahayam J. , Oommen Anu M. , George Kuryan , Premkumar Prasanna Samuel , Shankar Deepa , Agrawal Anurag , Thangakunam Balamugesh 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Objective:
India, a highly heterogeneous country, has no common reference standards for predicting spirometry values, with very few recent studies from south India. This study aimed to create reference equations for rural south Indian adults, based on a population-based survey in Vellore, south India and compare it with other equations from India.

Methods:
The data from 583 non-smoking, asymptomatic participants (30 years and older) from a spirometry-based survey for airflow obstruction (rural Vellore, 2018), were used to develop equations for FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FVC. The dataset was divided for development (70%) and validation (30%), by gender. Differences between observed and predicted values were assessed using the new equations and comparisons made with other equations from India.

Results:
Predictions with Vellore rural equations were closest to the previous south Indian equations from urban Bangalore. However, the Bangalore equations led to overestimation of FVC values in males, and of both FEV1 and FVC values in females. Using the rural Vellore equations also led to a higher percent of males being classified as having airflow obstruction, compared to the Bangalore equations which underestimated airflow obstruction in this rural population. Comparison with previously derived Indian equations from other parts of the country showed pronounced variations.

Conclusions:
Our study reiterates the need for representative rural and urban studies of adults from various parts of India, to obtain region specific reference equations, given the wide variations in spirometry values in “normal” individuals, due to social heterogeneities of the Indian population and resulting complexities in defining normal.
Ultrasonography in cardiopulmonary emergencies
Authors: Gudivada Kiran Kumar , Krishna Bhuvana , Narayan Shiva Kumar 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The utilization of ultrasound has rapidly increased over the past few decades due to its ease of use, wider availability of portable machines, broad applicability, non-invasiveness, and real-time imaging. A varied spectrum of clinical conditions such as diverse lung pathologies and various etiologies of acute circulatory failure can be rapidly ascertained using bedside ultrasonography. It has been shown that lung ultrasonography has more sensitivity than chest x-ray in detecting pulmonary congestion in heart failure, subpleural lung consolidation in pneumonia, and characterizing and detecting even minimal pleural effusions. This review gives an overview of the application of ultrasonography in the evaluation of cardiopulmonary failure which is the most commonly encountered clinical entity in the emergency room (ER). The most feasible bedside tests to predict fluid responsiveness are described in this review. Lastly, essential ultrasonographic protocols that are useful for systematic examination of critically ill patients were presented.
Impacto da Síndrome de Burnout na classe médica durante a pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: Brito Lorene Mendes de Oliveira , Borges Paula da Silva 
Published: May 2023

Objetivo: analisar as consequências da Síndrome de Burnout para a classe médica que enfrentou a pandemia COVID-19. Materiais e Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. A pergunta norteadora foi “Qual o impacto da síndrome de burnout na classe médica durante a pandemia?”. Foi utilizada a base de dados Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, aplicando os descritores booleanos e indexados nos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde: Burnout AND médicos AND COVID-19 AND NOT estudantes. As buscas foram realizadas em setembro de 2022. Foram encontrados 272 estudos a partir dos descritores das bases de dados. Após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, encontraram-se sete estudos nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português; esses artigos foram triados, considerando a leitura do título, resumo e palavras-chave. Posteriormente, os trabalhos selecionados passaram por uma análise na íntegra. Compuseram a amostra quatro artigos. Resultados: todos os estudos foram transversais. A maioria foi realizada com profissionais atuantes da linha de frente em ambiente hospitalar durante a pandemia COVID-19. Para a coleta de dados, grande parte dos estudos utilizou como instrumentos a escala de Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) para a obtenção de resultados (n=3). Das publicações filtradas, todas foram do ano de 2021. Conclusão: a Síndrome de Burnout impactou médicos que assitiram diretamente os pacientes com COVID-19, uma vez que influenciou no prognóstico e aumento dos casos de insatisfação no trabalho, humor deprimido, esgotamento mental e pensamentos de ideação suicida.
a Manajemen Peningkatan Mutu Tenaga Pendidik Pada Sekolah Dasar Islam Terpadu Al-Farih Kabupaten Bima
Authors: Fiki Kusuma Weranata Putra  , Narimah  , Haerul  
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui : Manajemen pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan SDIT Al-Farih Kabupaten Bima, hambatan dalam pelaksanaan manajemen pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan di SDIT Al-Farih Kabupaten Bima, solusi dalam mengatasi hambatan dari permasalahan tentang konflik yang terjadi di antara tenaga pendidik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan di Sekolah SDIT Al-Farih Kabupaten Bima. Subyek penelitian ini adalah Kepala Sekolah di SDIT Al-Farih Kabupaten Bima. Sedangkan informan: guru dan Tenaga Administrasi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik yang digunakan untuk pemeriksaan keabsahan data adalah triangulasi dengan sumber dan metode yang dikumpulkan di tempat dan situasi yang berbeda dengan data. Teknik analisis data menggunakan metode interaktif meliputi pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini : Manajemen tenaga pendidik di SDIT Al-Farih Kabupaten Bima meliputi rekrutmen, seleksi, penempatan, orientasi, pembinaan dan pelatihan, mutasi serta pemberhentian. Pembinaan dan pelatihan merupakan fokus utama dalam manajemen tenaga pendidik. Pembinaan dilakukan secara rutin dan berkala dengan tujuan untuk memperkecil konflik yang mungkin terjadi di lingkungan sekolah. Sedangkan pelatihan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan tenaga pendidik, dengan tujuan meningkatkan kualitas tenaga pendidik. Hambatan dalam pelaksanaan pembinaan tenaga pendidik berupa tidak tersedianya ruang yang memadai, rutinitas pembinaan yang tidak inovatif menimbulkan kejenuhan dan pelaksaanaan pembinaan belajar diluar kota selama satu bulan menimbulkan persoalan pada tenaga pendidik perempuan. Solusinya 1) yayasan menjalin hubungan baik dengan guru agar tidak terjadi kesalapahaman antar guru dan pihak yayasan 2) meminimalisir kebijakan yang begitu ketat sehingga para guru merasa nyaman berada dalam lingkungan kerja.
Climate Change and Climate Justice in Rural Sindh: Evidences and Experiences from the Rural-Based Population of Khairpur District
Authors: Magsi Khadim Hussain , Hussain Nazar , Oad Sahib , Mirani Zahid Hussain 
Published: May 2023

The present research study was carried out to collect the evidences of the climate change impact on the local communities of district Khairpur and to understand the views of people how they experience the climate change impact on their lives. The current study was undertaken employing the qualitative research methodology with a small sample size of villages aging from 25 to 65 age from a single union council. Qualitative research cannot be generalized as qualitative findings are generalized where large sample size is selected to collect the data. The study was carried out on four major areas of the climate change stressors which are Changes in weather patterns, floods, heat waves and heavy rains. All four stressor have direct severed effect on the lives of rural-based population. The findings of the study reveal that climate change has severe impact on the lives of common people which bear lots of pain in terms of agriculture loss where their standing crops are vanished away , their homes are destroyed completely, livestock is dying off due to the diseases spread and lack of pastures in the vicinity where flooded water stand. Other than this, findings tell us that the role of government seems very pathetic towards the affected people of district Khairpur where score of people have no food items to eat, no shelter to live in and other temporary things at the time of heavy rains and floods. This study can be a torch bearer for the policy makers, governments to formulate the policies according to the ground realities. The vulnerabilities of people due to these climate change stressors are visible to governments. Hence, Climate disasters are affecting every corner of the Sindh, and its marginalized communities are left to face a disproportionate share of the impacts of climate change which is violation of UN Framework for climate change.