bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved neonatal outcomes by multidisciplinary simulation—a contemporary practice in the demonstration area of China
Authors: Xu Chenguang , Zhang Qianshen , Xue Yin , Chow Chun-Bong , Dong Chunxiao , Xie Qian , Cheung Po-Yin 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundSimulation-based training improves neonatal resuscitation and decreases perinatal mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Interdisciplinary in-situ simulation may promote quality care in neonatal resuscitation. However, there is limited information regarding the effect of multidisciplinary in-situ simulation training (MIST) on neonatal outcomes. We aimed to investigate the impact of MIST on neonatal resuscitation in reducing the incidence of neonatal asphyxia and related morbidities.MethodsWeekly MIST on neonatal resuscitation has been conducted through neonatal and obstetrical collaboration at the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, China, since 2019. Each simulation was facilitated by two instructors and performed by three health care providers from obstetric and neonatal intensive care units, followed by a debriefing of the participants and several designated observers. The incidence of neonatal asphyxia, severe asphyxia, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), and meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) before (2017–2018) and after (2019–2020) the commencement of weekly MIST were analyzed.ResultsThere were 81 simulation cases including the resuscitation of preterm neonates of different gestational ages, perinatal distress, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and congenital heart disease with 1,503 participant counts (225 active participants). The respective incidence of neonatal asphyxia, severe asphyxia, HIE, and MAS decreased significantly after MIST (0.64%, 0.06%, 0.01%, and 0.09% vs. 0.84%, 0.14%, 0.10%, and 0.19%, respectively, all P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsWeekly MIST on neonatal resuscitation decreased the incidence of neonatal asphyxia, severe asphyxia, HIE, and MAS. Implementation of regular resuscitation simulation training is feasible and may improve the quality of neonatal resuscitation with better neonatal outcomes in low- and middle-income countries.
Administration of protopine prevents mitophagy and acute lung injury in sepsis
Authors: Xiao Zhong , Long Juan , Zhang Jie , Qiu Zhimin , Zhang Chen , Liu Hongbing , Liu Xinyong , Wang Kang , Tang Yahui , Chen Longwang , Lu Zhongqiu , Zhao Guangju 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Sepsis is a severe life-threatening infection that induces a series of dysregulated physiologic responses and results in organ dysfunction. Acute lung injury (ALI), the primary cause of respiratory failure brought on by sepsis, does not have a specific therapy. Protopine (PTP) is an alkaloid with antiinflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the function of PTP in septic ALI has not yet been documented. This work sought to investigate how PTP affected septic ALI and the mechanisms involved in septic lung damage, including inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitophagy.Methods: Here, we established a mouse model induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and a BEAS-2B cell model exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS).Results: PTP treatment significantly reduced mortality in CLP mice. PTP mitigated lung damage and reduced apoptosis. Western blot analysis showed that PTP dramatically reduced the expression of the apoptosis-associated protein (Cleaved Caspase-3, Cyto C) and increased Bcl-2/Bax. In addition, PTP decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α), increased glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Meanwhile, PTP significantly reduced the expression of mitophagy-related proteins (PINK1, Parkin, LC-II), and downregulated mitophagy by transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, the cells were consistent with animal experiments.Discussion: PTP intervention reduced inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, restored mitochondrial membrane potential, and downregulated mitophagy. The research shows that PTP prevents excessivemitophagy and ALI in sepsis, suggesting that PTP has a potential role in the therapy of sepsis.
Molecular mechanism of Hedyotis Diffusae Herba in the treatment of lupus nephritis based on network pharmacology
Authors: Yang Jinfei , Li Siying 
Published: June 2023

Aims: To determine the bioactive components of Hedyotis Diffusae Herba (HDH) and the targets in treating lupus nephritis (LN), and so as to elucidate the protective mechanism of HDH against LN.Methods and results: An aggregate of 147 drug targets and 162 LN targets were obtained from online databases, with 23 overlapped targets being determined as potential therapeutic targets of HDH against LN. Through centrality analysis, TNF, VEGFA and JUN were screened as core targets. And the bindings of TNF with stigmasterol, TNF with quercetin, and VEGFA with quercetin were further validated by molecular docking. By conducting Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses for drug targets, disease targets and the shared targets, TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway and HIF-1 signaling pathway, etc., were found in all these three lists, indicating the potential mechanism of HDH in the treatment of LN.Conclusion: HDH may ameliorate the renal injury in LN by targeting multi-targets and multi-pathways, including TNF signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway and so on, which provided novel insights into further researches of the drug discovery in LN.
Safety and efficacy of stenting for symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis: a systematic reveiw and meta-analysis
Authors: Shi Ting , Chen ShiJian , Long YongPei , Gu ZhongDeng 
Published: June 2023

Background: Stroke is currently the second-leading cause of death just behind ischaemic heart disease. Drug therapy is currently the standard of care for patients with symptomatic intracranial artery stenosis (sICAS). Stenting is an important treatment for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke. It has been suggested that vertebral artery stenting might reduce this risk, but operation-related complications limit the application of stenting in the treatment of ischemic stroke. The differences in the safety and efficacy of stenting combined with drugs and drugs alone in the treatment of sICAS are unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of both treatment modalities on the prognosis of patients with sICAS through a systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods: The Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, DUXIU) and English databases (Pubmed, Embase, Ovid_medline, Cochrane library, Web of science)were searched to identify all studies describing sICAS. The “Risk of Bias Assessment” tool and the “Jadad Scale” provided by the Cochrane Collaboration were used to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of the collected literature. The risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined using Stata statistical software version 14.0.Results: A total of 11 studies were included, comprising a total of 1,915 patients. The combined results of the study showed no significant difference between the incidence of transient cerebral ischemia (TIA)and stroke in patients with sICAS treated with drugs in combination with stents versus drugs alone. The incidence of death or stroke, cerebral haemorrhage, disabling stroke or death was significantly higher in patients receiving stent-combined drug therapy versus drug therapy alone for sICAS.Conclusion: Studies suggest that stenting combined with medication for patients with sICAS may increase the incidence of death or stroke, cerebral haemorrhage, stroke or death, but has no significant effect on the incidence of TIA and stroke. The studies report inadequate and conflicting data and therefore the safety and efficacy of stenting for sICAS should be interpreted with caution.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022377090, identifier CRD42022377090
Changes in pontine and preBötzinger/Bötzinger complex neuronal activity during remifentanil-induced respiratory depression in decerebrate dogs
Authors: Palkovic Barbara , Mustapic Sanda , Saric Ivana , Stuth Eckehard A. E. , Stucke Astrid G. , Zuperku Edward J. 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:In vivo studies using selective, localized opioid antagonist injections or localized opioid receptor deletion have identified that systemic opioids dose-dependently depress respiratory output through effects in multiple respiratory-related brainstem areas.Methods: With approval of the subcommittee on animal studies of the Zablocki VA Medical Center, experiments were performed in 53 decerebrate, vagotomized, mechanically ventilated dogs of either sex during isocapnic hyperoxia. We performed single neuron recordings in the Pontine Respiratory Group (PRG, n = 432) and preBötzinger/Bötzinger complex region (preBötC/BötC, n = 213) before and during intravenous remifentanil infusion (0.1–1 mcg/kg/min) and then until complete recovery of phrenic nerve activity. A generalized linear mixed model was used to determine changes in Fn with remifentanil and the statistical association between remifentanil-induced changes in Fn and changes in inspiratory and expiratory duration and peak phrenic activity. Analysis was controlled via random effects for animal, run, and neuron type.Results: Remifentanil decreased Fn in most neuron subtypes in the preBötC/BötC as well as in inspiratory (I), inspiratory-expiratory, expiratory (E) decrementing and non-respiratory modulated neurons in the PRG. The decrease in PRG inspiratory and non-respiratory modulated neuronal activity was associated with an increase in inspiratory duration. In the preBötC, the decrease in I-decrementing neuron activity was associated with an increase in expiratory and of E-decrementing activity with an increase in inspiratory duration. In contrast, decreased activity of I-augmenting neurons was associated with a decrease in inspiratory duration.Discussion: While statistical associations do not necessarily imply a causal relationship, our data suggest mechanisms for the opioid-induced increase in expiratory duration in the PRG and preBötC/BötC and how inspiratory failure at high opioid doses may result from a decrease in activity and decrease in slope of the pre-inspiratory ramp-like activity in preBötC/BötC pre-inspiratory neurons combined with a depression of preBötC/BötC I-augmenting neurons. Additional studies must clarify whether the observed changes in neuronal activity are due to direct neuronal inhibition or decreased excitatory inputs.
Genetic and physiological determinants of lettuce partial resistance to Impatiens necrotic spot virus
Authors: Simko Ivan , Hasegawa Daniel K. , Peng Hui , Zhao Rebecca 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionImpatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) is a major pathogen currently threatening lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) production in the coastal areas of California. The virus is transmitted by the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande).MethodsWe have tested a diversity panel of almost 500 lettuce accessions for disease incidence (DI) in 12 field experiments performed over 7 years. This set of accessions was also assessed for thrips feeding damage (TFD), the rate of plant development (PD), and the content of chlorophyll (SPAD) and anthocyanins (ACI) to determine their effect on resistance to INSV. In addition, recombinant inbred lines from two biparental mapping populations were also evaluated for DI in field experiments.ResultsThe mean DI in 14 field experiments ranged from 2.1% to 70.4%. A highly significant difference in DI was observed among the tested accessions, with the overall lowest DI detected in the red color cultivars, Outredgeous Selection, Red Splash Cos, Infantry, Sweet Valentine, Annapolis, and Velvet. Multiple linear regression models revealed a small but significant effect (p &lt; 0.005) of the four analyzed determinants on DI. Accessions with lower DI values had slower plant development (PD, r = 0.352), higher ACI content (r = −0.284), lower TFD (r = 0.198), and lower SPAD content (r = 0.125). A genome-wide association study revealed 13 QTLs for DI located on eight out of the nine lettuce chromosomes (the exception was chr. 8). The most frequently detected QTL (qINSV2.1) was located on chr. 2. Several of the QTLs for DI were in the same genomic areas as QTLs for PD, ACI, and SPAD. Additional three QTLs for DI on chr. 5 and 8 were identified using linkage mapping performed on two biparental mapping populations.ConclusionsThe work highlights the genetic basis of partial resistance to INSV and reveals the relationship between resistance, the host physiology, and the thrips vector. Results of this study are an important steppingstone toward developing cultivars with increased resistance against INSV.
Challenges in preserving the “good doctor” norm: physicians' discourses on changes to the medical logic during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Härgestam Maria , Jacobsson Maritha , Bååthe Fredrik , Brulin Emma 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic was a tremendous challenge to the practice of modern medicine. In this study, we use neo-institutional theory to gain an in-depth understanding of how physicians in Sweden narrate how they position themselves as physicians when practicing modern medicine during the first wave of the pandemic. At focus is medical logic, which integrates rules and routines based on medical evidence, practical experience, and patient perspectives in clinical decision-making.MethodsTo understand how physicians construct their versions of the pandemic and how it impacted the medical logic in which they practice, we analyzed the interviews from 28 physicians in Sweden by discursive psychology.ResultsThe interpretative repertoires showed how COVID-19 created an experience of knowledge vacuum in medical logic and how physicians dealt with clinical patient dilemmas. They had to find unorthodox ways to rebuild a sense of medical evidence while still being responsible for clinical decision-making for patients with critical care needs.DiscussionIn the knowledge vacuum occurring during the first wave of COVID-19, physicians could not use their common medical knowledge nor rely on published evidence or their clinical judgment. They were thus challenged in their norm of being the “good doctor”. One practical implication of this research is that it provides a rich empirical account where physicians are allowed to mirror, make sense, and normalize their own individual and sometimes painful struggle to uphold the professional role and related medical responsibility in the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. It will be important to follow how the tremendous challenge of COVID-19 to medical logic plays out over time in the community of physicians. There are many dimensions to study, with sick leave, burnout, and attrition being some interesting areas.
Ascorbic acid is associated with favourable hormonal profiles among infertile males
Authors: Rastegar Panah Matineh , Tahir Irtaza , Garcia-Bailo Bibiana , Lo Kirk , Jarvi Keith , El-Sohemy Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionInfertility affects about 16% of North American couples, with the male factor contributing to ∼30% of cases. Reproductive hormones play an integral role in regulating the reproductive system and consequently, fertility. Oxidative stress reduces testosterone synthesis, and reduction in oxidative stress can improve hormone profiles. Ascorbic acid is a potent antioxidant that accounts for up to 65% of seminal antioxidant activity; however, its effects on reproductive hormones in humans are unknown.MethodsThe objective was to determine the association between serum ascorbic acid concentrations and male reproductive hormones. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving infertile males (n = 302) recruited from Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. Serum was analyzed for ascorbic acid, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), prolactin and estradiol. Statistical analyses included Spearman's rank correlations, linear regressions, logistic regressions, simple slope and Johnson-Neyman procedures.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, ascorbic acid was inversely associated with LH (P = 0.01). Ascorbic acid was positively associated with TT only among males over the age of 41.6 years (P = 0.01).DiscussionOur findings show that ascorbic acid is associated with higher testosterone levels and improved androgenic status in infertile males, and some of the effects appear to be age dependent.
4,5-Di-tert-butyl-1,3,6,8-tetraphenyl-4,5,8a,8b-tetrahydro-as-indacene
Authors: Colon-Madera Shakira I. , Jennings Abby R. , Iacono Scott T. , Balaich Gary J. 
Published: June 2023

Reaction of triplet O2 with the bridged dipotassium dicyclopentadienyl salt, ansa-[(CHBut)2(Ph2C5H2)2]K2(THF)3 1, in dry MeCN facilitated an intramolecular cyclopentadienyl ring-C to ring-C bond formation and the precipitation of the crude product 4,5-di-tert-butyl-1,3,6,8-tetraphenyl-4,5,8a,8b-tetrahydro-as-indacene 2 as an off-white solid in a 73% yield (>95% pure, 1H NMR). Characterization of 2 was carried out using multinuclear NMR spectroscopy (1H and 13C), single-crystal X-ray crystallography, FTIR spectroscopy, and thermal analytical techniques (SDT, DSC). The molecular structure consisted of a rigid, C2-symmetric six-membered ring in a chair conformation with four of the ring-C atoms fused to 1,3-diphenylcyclopentadiene rings and the other two ring-C atoms substituted with trans di-axial But groups.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antimicrobial stewardship support for general practices in England: a qualitative interview study
Authors: Campbell Anne , Borek Aleksandra J , McLeod Monsey , Tonkin-Crine Sarah , Pouwels Koen B , Roope Laurence SJ , Hayhoe Benedict WJ , Majeed Azeem , Walker A Sarah , Holmes Alison 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundIn England, clinical commissioning group (CCG; now replaced by Integrated Care Systems [ICSs]) and primary care network (PCN) professionals support primary care prescribers to optimise antimicrobial stewardship (AMS).AimTo explore views and experiences of CCG and PCN staff in supporting AMS, and the impact of COVID-19 on this support.Design & settingQualitative interview study in primary care in England.MethodSemi-structured interviews with staff from CCG and PCNs responsible for AMS were conducted at two timepoints via telephone. These were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed thematically.ResultsTwenty-seven interviews were conducted with 14 participants (nine CCG, five PCN) in December 2020–January 2021 and February–May 2021. The study found that AMS support was (1) deprioritised in order to keep general practice operational and deliver COVID-19 vaccines; (2) disrupted as social distancing made it harder to build relationships, conduct routine AMS activities, and challenge prescribing decisions; and (3) adapted, with opportunities identified for greater use of technology and changing patient and public perceptions of viruses and self-care. It was also found that resources to support AMS were valued if they were both novel, to counter AMS ‘fatigue’, and sufficiently familiar to fit with existing and/or future AMS.ConclusionAMS needs to be reprioritised in general practice in the post-pandemic era and within the new ICSs in England. This should include interventions and strategies that combine novel elements with already familiar strategies to refresh prescribers’ motivation and opportunities for AMS. Behaviour change interventions should be aimed at improving the culture and processes for how PCN pharmacists voice concerns about AMS to prescribers in general practice and take advantage of the changed patient and public perceptions of viruses and self-care.
Un paysage humain et fragile : le bocage percheron
Authors: Henry Camille , Sbile Florence , Baur Catherine 
Published: June 2023

«Un paysage d’enclos verdoyant » : pour minimaliste qu’elle soit, la définition du bocage donnée en 1970 par André Meynier (Les Paysages agraires,
Paris, Amand Colin) continue de mettre d’accord écologues et géographes. Elle ne doit pourtant pas masquer la complexité de ce paysage qui, grâce à l’ondulation des collines du Perche, s’offre au regard. Le maillage des prairies, des champs, les boisements épars, les vergers, le tout cousu de haies, ponctué de mares... Autant d’éléments qu’on dit «naturels » mais qu’on doit à l’intervention millénaire de l’homme.
Les cigognes aiment la Normandie
Authors: Chartier Alain 
Published: June 2023

Après quelques prémices d’installation de couples isolés dès le début du
XXe siècle jusqu’au milieu des années 1960, la cigogne blanche s’est installée durablement en Normandie dès 1970. Mais qui aurait cru que quarante-six ans plus tard, le nombre de couples de cigognes blanches nichant dans notre province aurait atteint 330 ? Quant à la cigogne noire, d’acquisition récente (2010), ce ne sont pas moins de cinq couples qui y nichent maintenant. C’est une certitude, les cigognes se plaisent en Normandie.
La conservation des ressources marines, un enjeu de longue durée
Authors: Grancher Romain 
Published: June 2023

Quelles sont les origines de la crise actuelle des océans et de leurs ressources ? À cette question, l’histoire environnementale, un nouveau champ de la recherche en plein essor, permet d’apporter des réponses et surtout un nécessaire éclairage sur la
longue durée des enjeux liés à la conservation des milieux marins.
Le don précieux de faire rire les Normands
Authors: Castanet Pierre albert 
Published: June 2023

La Normandie est une terre d’accueil sur laquelle bon nombre d’âmes comiques ont
exercé facétieusement leurs talents. Tant au niveau des arts visuels qu’en termes musicaux, tant sur le plan du théâtre ou de la presse qu’au rayon de la littérature ou d’Internet, cette région a illuminé (notamment grâce à ses nombreux festivals spécialisés) toute une pléiade d’artistes singulièrement cocasses frisant parfois le lazzi proprement insolent. Dans ce contexte, par exemple, les responsables du festival Rire en Seine parlent sans fard «de la bonne humeur contagieuse, des pointes de folies, des imaginaires déjantés proposés par des personnages hauts en couleur, de l’impertinence, des instants jubilatoires et libérateurs, de l’émotion…».
الصورة الحسية في شعر عمر بن أيي ربيعة- دراسة تحليلية
Authors: د. ابراهيم علي شكر  
Published: June 2023

الصورة الحسية في شعر عمر بن أبي ربيعة موضوع يكاد يقول بعض الدارسين:
إنّه موضوع أكل الدهر عليه وشرب؛ غير ان الحقيقة خلاف ذلك؛ لأن شعر عمر مادة
كلما فرئت وجد القاريء فيها مالم يجده في القراءة التي سبقتها فشعره له ديباجته فضلاً
عن صوره التي لم نترك متلقيها حتى يمعن النظر فيها ويستجيب لقراءتها مرات ومرات
بوصفها تسحره بصياغتها وتجره الى عمق تجربتها لفرق بماء انسيابيتها فضلاً عن
تلاعبها بمشاعر المتلقي قبل تحقيق المتعة؛ لذلك وددت أن أدلو بدلوي في ديوان عمر ولا
سيما في صوره الحسية بوصفها مرآة شعره تعكس تجارب الشاعر ومغامراته فضلاً عن
حبيباته اللائي شغفن به إلا واحدة والبحث كشف تلك المعاناة والتجارب التي بدت فيها
المرأة الحجازية لها رأيها وشخصيتها وحكمتها وحنكتها بوصفها إنسانة قبل أن تكون انثى
واتمنى أن ينال رضا القارئ بوصفي اجتهدت وليس للأنسان إنا ما سعى.

الصورة بوصفها احد المرتكزات المهمة والمعايير الفنية لتقويم الشعر "ؤ ((فهي
تمثيل وقياس لما نعلمه بعقولنا على الذي نراه بأبصارنا)) (" وهي احدى الوسائل التي
تنقل فكرة الأديب وعاطفته الى متلقيه " لا شك في أنّها عر عن ذهنية الشاعر ونفسيته
من خلال استيعاب أبعادها المتمثلة بالخيالا).

شكلت الصورة بعداً رئيساً في الشعر العربي بوصفها قوامه ا ولاسيما الشعر
العربي لأنها اداته في رسم الخيال المتجسم بأبعاد تلك الصور المتأتية من بيئة الشعراء
المحيطة بهم؛ وتتجلى تلك البيئة في رسومها الماثلة أو الدارسة مستخلصة أحاسيس تتكقل
بتحديد الابعاد مكتملة تملأها البراعة الفنية المتمثلة بصفاء الذوق ورقة المشاعر حتى