bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamically consistent concurrent material and structure optimization of elastoplastic multiphase hierarchical systems
Authors: Gangwar Tarun , Schillinger Dominik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe concept of concurrent material and structure optimization aims at alleviating the computational discovery of optimum microstructure configurations in multiphase hierarchical systems, whose macroscale behavior is governed by their microstructure composition that can evolve over multiple length scales from a few micrometers to centimeters. It is based on the split of the multiscale optimization problem into two nested sub-problems, one at the macroscale (structure) and the other at the microscales (material). In this paper, we establish a novel formulation of concurrent material and structure optimization for multiphase hierarchical systems with elastoplastic constituents at the material scales. Exploiting the thermomechanical foundations of elastoplasticity, we reformulate the material optimization problem based on the maximum plastic dissipation principle such that it assumes the format of an elastoplastic constitutive law and can be efficiently solved via modified return mapping algorithms. We integrate continuum micromechanics based estimates of the stiffness and the yield criterion into the formulation, which opens the door to a computationally feasible treatment of the material optimization problem. To demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of our framework, we define new benchmark tests with several material scales that, for the first time, become computationally feasible. We argue that our formulation naturally extends to multiscale optimization under further path-dependent effects such as viscoplasticity or multiscale fracture and damage.
Tear patterns and locations are different between lateral and medial compartments in patients with early anatomical failure after meniscal allograft transplantation
Authors: Lee Seon‐Jong , Bin Seong‐Il , Kim Jong‐Min , Lee Bum‐Sik , Kim Seung‐Min , Lee Hyo Yeol 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the characteristics of anatomically failed grafts within 1 year after meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT) and compare the differences between lateral and medial MATs.MethodsThe records of consecutive patients with anatomically failed grafts within 1 year after primary MAT between 2005 and 2018 were reviewed. Anatomical failure was defined as a tear covering > 50% of the allograft or an unstable peripheral rim. The pattern and location of the graft tears were analyzed using magnetic resonance imaging or arthroscopy.ResultsA total of 21 patients were included. All 21 patients had anatomical failure with tears involving > 50% of the allograft, whereas 15 had an unstable peripheral rim of the allograft. The mean failure time was 6.6 ± 3.6 months in all patients (lateral MAT, n = 15; medial MAT, n = 6). In the lateral MAT group, meniscocapsular separation was the most common pattern (n = 10, 66.7%), followed by complex (n = 3, 20.0%), radial (n = 1, 6.7%), and longitudinal (n = 1, 6.7%) tear. In the medial MAT group, a root tear was the most common pattern (n = 5, 83.3%), followed by a complex tear (n = 1, 16.7%). Meanwhile, in the lateral MAT, the midbody was the most frequently affected location (n = 9, 60.0%), followed by the posterior (n = 5, 33.3%) and anterior (n = 1, 6.7%) areas; in the medial MAT group, the posterior (n = 5, 83.3%) was the most frequently affected location, followed by the anterior area (n = 1, 16.7%). Significant differences in the pattern (P = 0.002) and location (P = 0.043) of the graft tears were found between lateral and medial MATs.ConclusionIn patients with early failure after MAT, meniscocapsular separation in the midbody of the lateral compartment and root tears in the posterior area of the medial compartment were the most common. Thus, surgeons are encouraged to pay extra attention to these vulnerable areas during the early period after MAT.Level of evidenceIV.
An extended laser beam heating model for a numerical platform to simulate multi-material selective laser melting
Authors: Dmytro Svyetlichnyy , Szymon Bajda , Michal Krzyzanowski 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA laser beam heating model (LBHM) is an important part of a platform for numerical modelling of a multi-material selective laser melting process. The LBHM is utilised as a ray-tracing algorithm that is widely applied for rendering in different applications, mainly for visualisation and very recently for laser heating models in selective laser melting. The model presented in this paper was further extended to transparent and translucent materials, including materials where transparency is dependent on the material temperature. In addition to reflection and surface absorption, commonly considered in such models, phenomena such as refraction, scattering and volume absorption were also implemented. Considering associated energy transfer, the model represents a laser beam as a stream of moving particles, i.e. photons of the same energy. When the photons meet a boundary between materials, they are reflected, absorbed or transmitted according to geometric and thermal interfacial characteristics. This paper describes the LBHM in detail, its verification and validation, and also presents several simulation examples of the entire selective laser melting process with implemented LBHM.
LAM additive manufacturing: a fundamental review on mechanical properties, common defects, dominant processing variables, and its applications
Authors: Sibisi Thabiso Hopewell , Shongwe Mxolisi Brendon , Tshabalala Lerato C. , Mathoho Ipfi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA cutting-edge manufacturing technology that uses powder or wire as the feeding material and a high-energy heating source is known as metal additive manufacturing (AM). High-performance components for automotive, aerospace, medical, and energy applications are designed and produced using additive manufacturing (AM). In this overview, only laser additive manufacturing (LAM) procedures such as powder bed fusion (PBF) and directed energy deposition are discussed (DED). LAM provides an alternate path for fabricating current designs and permits the creation of new designs with complexity that is not possible with conventional methods. One of the most promising forms of additive manufacturing is laser additive manufacturing, which may produce things at low cost while keeping high value and yield (LAM). Specifically, when it comes to directed energy deposition (DED) or powder bed fusion (PBF), which involve various types of wire-fed, powder fed, and powder-bed assembly, it examines the key metallurgical phenomena that occur during LAM as well as the distinctions between different LAM technological pathways. This study offers a thorough overview of the classification of LAM systems, applications of LAM processes, key processing factors, frequent flaws, mechanical characteristics of manufactured parts, numerous machine-related parameters, and optimization of deposition conditions.
Ten years after: findings from the medical surveillance program on Health Effects in High-Level Exposure to PCB (HELPcB)
Authors: Rengelshausen Jens , Randerath Isabella , Schettgen Thomas , Esser Andre , Kaifie Andrea , Lang Jessica , Kraus Thomas , Ziegler Patrick 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAfter the detection of high environmental and occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in a German recycling company for transformers and capacitors in 2010, the multidisciplinary medical surveillance program “HELPcB” (Health Effects in High-Level Exposure to PCB) was established for former PCB-exposed workers of the company, their family members, employees of surrounding companies, and area residents to investigate potential adverse health effects by PCB exposure in a longitudinal study approach with up to seven examination time points between 2010 and 2019. More than 300 individuals were enrolled into the program. Assessments particularly included plasma and urine concentrations of PCB congeners and their metabolites, clinical laboratory parameters, Comet assay, analysis of telomere length, neuropsychological examinations, psychological screening, abdominal and thyroid ultrasound examination. This review summarizes the main results of the studies conducted in the HELPcB program yielding relevant new data on potential adverse effects of PCB exposure in humans and potential mechanisms that underlie these effects. Even larger studies in PCB-exposed individuals are warranted to confirm the results of this program and to further establish causality between PCB exposure and clinical effects in humans.
Regularity for Double Phase Problems at Nearly Linear Growth
Authors: De Filippis Cristiana , Mingione Giuseppe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMinima of functionals of the type $$\begin{aligned} w\mapsto \int _{\varOmega }\left[ |Dw|\log (1+|Dw|)+a(x)|Dw|^{q}\right] \, \textrm{d}x, \quad 0\le a(\cdot ) \in C^{0, \alpha }, \end{aligned}$$

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Method for determination of beech veneer behavior under compressive load using the short-span compression test
Authors: Krüger Robert , Buchelt Beate , Wagenführ André 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA method for the determination of mechanical properties under compressive load is presented in this study. The short-span compression test is standardized for paper-based materials and was adapted for veneer in this study. Rotary cut veneer and solid wood of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) was tested parallel and transversal to fiber direction. The veneer thickness was varied between 1 and 3 mm. The mechanical properties Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, yield point and compressive strength were measured. The results show that the correct determination of Poisson's ratio depends on the veneer thickness as well as on the fiber direction. For veneer with a thickness of at least 3 mm, it is suitable in fiber direction, but not transversal to the fiber direction. The comparison of the mechanical properties between veneer and solid wood confirms that the lathe checks mainly influence the veneer properties transversal to the fiber direction.
Analysis of muscle magnetic resonance imaging of a large cohort of patient with VCP-mediated disease reveals characteristic features useful for diagnosis
Authors: Esteller Diana , Schiava Marianela , Verdú-Díaz José , Villar-Quiles Rocío-Nur , Dibowski Boris , Venturelli Nadia , Laforet Pascal , Alonso-Pérez Jorge , Olive Montse , Domínguez-González Cristina , Paradas Carmen , Vélez Beatriz , Kostera-Pruszczyk Anna , Kierdaszuk Biruta , Rodolico Carmelo , Claeys Kristl , Pál Endre , Malfatti Edoardo , Souvannanorath Sarah , Alonso-Jiménez Alicia , de Ridder Willem , De Smet Eline , Papadimas George , Papadopoulos Constantinos , Xirou Sofia , Luo Sushan , Muelas Nuria , Vilchez Juan J. , Ramos-Fransi Alba , Monforte Mauro , Tasca Giorgio , Udd Bjarne , Palmio Johanna , Sri Srtuhi , Krause Sabine , Schoser Benedikt , Fernández-Torrón Roberto , López de Munain Adolfo , Pegoraro Elena , Farrugia Maria Elena , Vorgerd Mathias , Manousakis Georgious , Chanson Jean Baptiste , Nadaj-Pakleza Aleksandra , Cetin Hakan , Badrising Umesh , Warman-Chardon Jodi , Bevilacqua Jorge , Earle Nicholas , Campero Mario , Díaz Jorge , Ikenaga Chiseko , Lloyd Thomas E. , Nishino Ichizo , Nishimori Yukako , Saito Yoshihiko , Oya Yasushi , Takahashi Yoshiaki , Nishikawa Atsuko , Sasaki Ryo , Marini-Bettolo Chiara , Guglieri Michela , Straub Volker , Stojkovic Tanya , Carlier Robert Y. , Díaz-Manera Jordi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The diagnosis of patients with mutations in the VCP gene can be complicated due to their broad phenotypic spectrum including myopathy, motor neuron disease and peripheral neuropathy. Muscle MRI guides the diagnosis in neuromuscular diseases (NMDs); however, comprehensive muscle MRI features for VCP patients have not been reported so far.

Methods
We collected muscle MRIs of 80 of the 255 patients who participated in the “VCP International Study” and reviewed the T1-weighted (T1w) and short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences. We identified a series of potential diagnostic MRI based characteristics useful for the diagnosis of VCP disease and validated them in 1089 MRIs from patients with other genetically confirmed NMDs.

Results
Fat replacement of at least one muscle was identified in all symptomatic patients. The most common finding was the existence of patchy areas of fat replacement. Although there was a wide variability of muscles affected, we observed a common pattern characterized by the involvement of periscapular, paraspinal, gluteal and quadriceps muscles. STIR signal was enhanced in 67% of the patients, either in the muscle itself or in the surrounding fascia. We identified 10 diagnostic characteristics based on the pattern identified that allowed us to distinguish VCP disease from other neuromuscular diseases with high accuracy.

Conclusions
Patients with mutations in the VCP gene had common features on muscle MRI that are helpful for diagnosis purposes, including the presence of patchy fat replacement and a prominent involvement of the periscapular, paraspinal, abdominal and thigh muscles.
Autoimmune processes in neurological patients are much more common than presently suspected
Authors: Goertzen Angelika , Altawashi Abdul Kareem , Rieck Julian , Veh Rüdiger W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAutoimmune encephalitides are seldom diseases. How rare they actually are, however, is not known. The low incidence combined with the problematic identification may dampen efforts of neurologists, to identify patients with unclear symptoms as suffering from autoimmune encephalitis. Here, we aim to obtain a better estimate, how many patients with autoimmune disorders should be expected among 100 inpatients in a conventional neurological department. From a total number of 2603 non-stroke patients attended in a 2-year period (2018–2019) 460 CSFs were obtained. From this collection 187 samples (40.7%, > 500 sections) could be analyzed with our immunocytochemical technique. Autoreactive antibodies were detected in 102 (55%) of these 187 CSF samples. Certainly, the presence of autoreactive antibodies does not necessarily indicate that the patient suffers from an autoimmune disease. Our data indicate that from roughly 2000 patients during 1 year about 125 patients with autoreactive CSF antibodies should be expected in a conventional neurological department. This represents the about 35-fold value of what is generally expected at present. Being aware of this high incidence may intensify the efforts of neurologist to identify patients with any type of autoimmune encephalitis. This will be beneficial for patients, because they often profit from immunomodulatory therapy. Interestingly, some CFSs from our patients react with the CA2 subdivision of the hippocampus. While long neglected, recent research places this area into an important position to influence hippocampal network physiology. Autoreactive antibodies in the CSF may disturb the function of CA2 neurons, thereby explaining some neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with autoimmune encephalitides.
Increased brain age and relationships with blood-based biomarkers following concussion in younger populations
Authors: Mayer Andrew R. , Meier Timothy B. , Ling Josef M. , Dodd Andrew B. , Brett Benjamin L. , Robertson-Benta Cidney R. , Huber Daniel L. , Van der Horn Harm J. , Broglio Steven P. , McCrea Michael A. , McAllister Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveBrain age is increasingly being applied to the spectrum of brain injury to define neuropathological changes in conjunction with blood-based biomarkers. However, data from the acute/sub-acute stages of concussion are lacking, especially among younger cohorts.MethodsPredicted brain age differences were independently calculated in large, prospectively recruited cohorts of pediatric concussion and matched healthy controls (totalN = 446), as well as collegiate athletes with sport-related concussion and matched non-contact sport controls (totalN = 184). Effects of repetitive head injury (i.e., exposure) were examined in a separate cohort of contact sport athletes (N = 82), as well as by quantifying concussion history through semi-structured interviews and years of contact sport participation.ResultsFindings of increased brain age during acute and sub-acute concussion were independently replicated across both cohorts, with stronger evidence of recovery for pediatric (4 months) relative to concussed athletes (6 months). Mixed evidence existed for effects of repetitive head injury, as brain age was increased in contact sport athletes, but was not associated with concussion history or years of contact sport exposure. There was no difference in brain age between concussed and contact sport athletes. Total tau decreased immediately (~ 1.5 days) post-concussion relative to the non-contact group, whereas pro-inflammatory markers were increased in both concussed and contact sport athletes. Anti-inflammatory markers were inversely related to brain age, whereas markers of axonal injury (neurofilament light) exhibited a trend positive association.ConclusionCurrent and previous findings collectively suggest that the chronicity of brain age differences may be mediated by age at injury (adults > children), with preliminary findings suggesting that exposure to contact sports may also increase brain age.
Radiofrequency ablation versus hybrid argon plasma coagulation in Barrett’s esophagus: a prospective randomised trial
Authors: Knabe Mate , Wetzka Jens , Welsch Lukas , Richl Johannes , Michael Florian , Blößer Sandra , Heilani Myriam , Kronsbein Holger , May Andrea 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and hybrid argon plasma coagulation (H-APC) are established thermal ablation techniques for eradicating Barrett’s esophagus after endoscopic resection. This study aimed to compare RFA with H-APC in relation to safety, effectiveness and eradication rates.

Methods
After endoscopic resection, patients were randomly assigned to H-APC or RFA. A simplified H-APC technique was applied at 60 W. RFA was used with a 90° focal catheter and a simplified protocol of 12 J/cm2 × 3 or with a Halo 360° balloon and 10 J/cm2/cleaning/10 J/cm2. Eradication rates and adverse events were recorded. Patients received follow-up examinations after 3, 6, 12 and 24 months.

Results
One hundred and one patients were finally included in the study (RFA N = 47, H-APC N = 54). The median follow-up period for short-term was 6.0 (CI 5.4–6.9) months and for long term 21 (CI 19.2.5–22.7) months. In total 211 ablations were performed. The eradication rates after long-term follow-up were 74.2% in the RFA group and 82.9% in the H-APC group. Post-interventional pain was significantly greater in the RFA group, with a mean score of 4.56/10 and duration of 7.54 days, in comparison with a mean score of 2.07/10 over 3.59 days in the H-APC group. Stenoses requiring intervention were noted in 3.7% of patients in the H-APC arm and 14.9% of those in the RFA arm.

Conclusions
Both ablation techniques have good results in relation to the eradication rate, with a slightly better outcome in the H-APC group. The severity and duration of pain were significantly greater in the RFA group.
The rationale for nephron-sparing surgery in unilateral non-syndromic Wilms tumour
Authors: Taghavi Kiarash , Sarnacki Sabine , Blanc Thomas , Boyer Olivia , Heloury Yves 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe central question of nephron-sparing surgery in unilateral non-syndromic Wilms tumour sits at a crossroads between surgery, oncology, and nephrology. There has been a significant paradigm shift in paediatric oncology towards reducing toxicity and addressing long-term treatment-related sequalae amongst childhood cancer survivors. After paediatric nephrectomy and 30–50 years of follow-up, 40% of patients will have chronic kidney disease, including 22% with hypertension and 23% with albuminuria. It is difficult to predict which patients will progress to develop hypertension, reduced glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, and a higher cardiovascular risk. For these reasons, nephron-sparing surgery when it is technically feasible must be considered. To decrease the incidence of positive surgical margins (viable tumour present at a resection margin), incomplete lymph node sampling, and complications, these procedures should be performed at specialist and experienced reference centres. Based on the impacts of individual treatment pathways, survivors of childhood WT need to be followed through adulthood for early detection of chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and prevention of cardiovascular events.
Growth and drought reaction of European hornbeam, European white elm, field maple and wild service tree
Authors: Schmucker Julia , Uhl Enno , Schmied Gerhard , Pretzsch Hans 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Key message
Considering their drought tolerance and growth characteristics, rare native tree species are well-suited admixed species for the development of climate-stable forests in Central Europe.

Abstract
In our study, we assessed the growth and drought reaction of the four rare native tree species European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.), European white elm (Ulmus laevis Pall.), field maple (Acer campestre L.), and wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis (L.) Crantz). Based on tree-ring data, we (I) evaluated their species-specific growth characteristics and variability and examined the influencing site and tree characteristics on annual growth. (II) We quantified their reaction to single drought events, also depending on site and tree variables. (III) We compared our results to oak (Quercus robur L., Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). As they are well-known Central European tree species, there is a broad knowledge about their growth and drought response across wide geographical ranges available. Bringing the results of European beech and oak in relation with the rare native species, it allows to categorise their growth and drought reaction and to contextualise their performance. Our results show, that besides European white elm, the rare species showed an overall lower annual growth with a higher variability than European beech and oak. However, especially field maple and wild service tree were better adapted to drought than European beech and partially even recovered better than oak. Combining the aspects of growth stability and drought tolerance, we conclude that rare native tree species are well suited as admixed species in future forest stands. European hornbeam is a suitable match for European beech on wetter sites, while field maple and wild service tree are a sensible complement for the climate stable oak on drier sites.
A survey on compressed sensing approach to systems and control
Authors: Nagahara Masaaki , Yamamoto Yutaka 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this survey paper, we review recent advances of compressed sensing applied to systems and control. Compressed sensing has been actively researched in the field of signal processing and machine learning. More recently, the method has been applied to systems and control problems, such as sparse feedback gain design, reduced-order control, and maximum hands-off control. This paper introduces these important applications of compressed sensing to systems and control. MATLAB programs for the numerical examples shown in this survey paper are available as supplementary materials.