bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glad to be alive: How we can compare a person's existence and her non‐existence in terms of what is better or worse for this person
Authors: Piller Christian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper defends the claim that if a person P exists, there can be true positive comparisons between P's existence and P's never having existed at all in terms of what is better or worse for P. If correct, this view will have significant implications for various fundamental issues in population ethics. I try to show how arguments to the contrary fail to take note of a general ambiguity in comparisons when compared alternatives contain their own different standards (or, in the case of non‐existence, a lack thereof) on which to base these comparisons. After having answered arguments against the possibility of making positive comparisons, the paper develops a positive account of how to make existence/non‐existence comparisons in terms of personal value whilst accepting that a person's non‐existence fails to make any contact with the relevant categories of personal value. The guiding idea is the following: When some item satisfies some relevant standard, we can, I argue, infer that it satisfies this standard better than something that fails to satisfy this standard (be this failure due to empirical or conceptual reasons).
Curved Ring Origami: Bistable Elastic Folding for Magic Pattern Reconfigurations
Authors: Dai Jize , Lu Lu , Leanza Sophie , Hutchinson John W. , Zhao Ruike Renee 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ring origami has emerged as a robust strategy for designing foldable and deployable structures due to its impressive packing abilities achieved from snap-folding. In general, polygonal rings with rationally designed geometric parameters can fold into compact three-loop configurations with curved segments which result from the internal bending moment in the folded state. Inspired by the internal bending moment-induced curvature in the folded state, we explore how this curvature can be tuned by introducing initial natural curvature to the segments of the polygonal rings in their deployed stress-free state, and study how this initial curvature affects the folded configurations of the rings. Taking a clue from straight-segmented polygonal rings that fold into overlapping curved loops, we find that this behavior can be reversed by introducing curvature into the ring segments in the stress-free initial state such that the rings fold into a looped straight-line configuration with “zero” area. This strategy realizes extreme packing of the rings. In this work, by a combination of experimental observation, finite element analysis, and theoretical modeling, we systematically study the effect of segment curvature on folding behaviors, folded configurations, and packing abilities of curved ring origami with different geometries. It is anticipated that curved ring origami can open a new avenue for the design of foldable and deployable structures with simple folded configurations and high packing efficiency.
The Antler orogeny reconsidered and implications for late Paleozoic tectonics of western Laurentia
Authors: Cashman Patricia H. , Sturmer Daniel M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Mississippian rocks of the Antler foreland basin in Nevada (western United States) record its evolution in detail, clarifying the timing and tectonic significance of the Antler orogeny. Synorogenic clastic sediments mark the initiation of tectonism; they arrived in Nevada from the north or northwest in late Early Mississippian (Osagean). An orogenic highland formed in northern Nevada in late Middle Mississippian (Meramecian), producing a regional angular unconformity and terminating deposition in the Antler foreland basin. Unconformably overlying Upper Mississippian (Chesterian) rocks provide tight age control for the redefined “Antler orogeny” sensu stricto. Palinspastic restoration of Sr isotopic data reveals a projecting step in the Laurentian margin in northern Nevada. The Antler orogeny resulted from late Middle Mississippian sinistral-oblique convergence at this step. Continuing oblique convergence produced the subsequent late Paleozoic basins, structures, and unconformities in northern Nevada. The Roberts Mountains allochthon is translated material from farther north emplaced onto the margin. Its basal bounding fault, long mapped as the “Roberts Mountains thrust,” is in fact not a single continuous fault, motion on it was not synchronous, and displacement on many fault segments mapped as the Roberts Mountains thrust postdate the late Middle Mississippian. We therefore propose that the term “Roberts Mountains thrust” be abandoned. This new paradigm not only explains anomalous characteristics of the Antler orogeny but also illustrates criteria for recognizing oblique convergence at other ancient plate margins.
A comparative study of acetyl-l-carnitine and caloric restriction impact on hippocampal autophagy, apoptosis, neurogenesis, and astroglial function in AlCl3-induced Alzheimer’s in rats
Authors: Wadie Christina Magdy , Ali Radwa Hassan , Mohamed Abd El-Hamid A. , Labib Jolly M.W. , Sabaa Abdel Rhman , Awad Hossam Eldin Ahmed , Abou-Bakr Doaa Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a worldwide chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease. We aimed to investigate and compare the neuroprotective impact of acetyl-l-carnitine and caloric restriction (CR) on AlCl3-induced AD to explore the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies of AD. Sixty-seven adult male Wistar rats were allocated into Control, AlCl3, AlCl3–acetyl-l-carnitine, and AlCl3–CR groups. Each of AlCl3 and acetyl-l-carnitine were given by gavage in a daily dose of 100 mg/kg and CR was conducted by giving 70% of the daily average caloric intake of the control group. Rats were subjected to behavioral assessment using open field test, Y maze, novel object recognition test and passive avoidance test, biochemical assay of serum phosphorylated tau (pTau), hippocampal homogenate phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, Beclin-1, Bcl-2-associated X protein, and B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl2) as well as hippocampal Ki-67 and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunohistochemistry. AlCl3-induced cognitive and behavioral deficits coincident with impaired autophagy and enhanced apoptosis associated with defective neurogenesis and defective astrocyte activation. Acetyl-l-carnitine and CR partially protect against AlCl3-induced behavioral, cognitive, biochemical, and histological changes, with more ameliorative effect of acetyl-l-carnitine on hippocampal apoptotic markers, and more obvious behavioral and histological improvement with CR.
Source apportionment of nitrogen pressures at a Chalk-fed groundwater-dependent wetland
Authors: Whiteman Mark , Farr Gareth , Haslam Angela , Train Chris , Kieboom Natalie , Farrell Rolf , Davison Paul , Williams Heather , Tang Sim , Hall Jane , Jones Laurence 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

In Groundwater-Dependent Terrestrial Ecosystems (GWDTEs), atmospheric nitrogen (N) inputs have often been studied in isolation from terrestrial groundwater and surface water inputs. We describe for the first time the development and application of a combined atmospheric and terrestrial N source apportionment methodology, able to identify contributing catchment and N loadings to GWDTEs. We combined all N inputs using a site-specific conceptual model supported by 12 months’ monitoring for a Chalk-fed GWDTE at Newbald Becksies, East Yorkshire. We discuss implications for effective catchment management, wetland protection and development of a source apportionment methodology. Potential sources of nitrate include: atmospheric deposition, mineralization, leaching from agricultural soils, manure heaps, septic tanks, sewer and mains water leakage. Atmospheric deposition was calculated from measurements of ammonia and nitrogen dioxide concentrations together with rainfall inputs of ammonium and nitrate. Quantification of agricultural sources used the FarmScoper modelling tool to estimate nitrate leaching in the groundwater catchment. Comparison between modelled nitrate concentrations in leachate (15–17 mg N l
−1
) and observed groundwater nitrate concentrations (12.3–19.8 mg N l
−1
) are good. The majority of nitrate is leached from arable land. FarmScoper allows mitigation scenarios to be tested, supporting measures to reduce nitrate within a groundwater catchment.
Immunologic Predictors for Clinical Responses during Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Lee Sung-Eun , Wang Feng , Grefe Maison , Trujillo-Ocampo Abel , Ruiz-Vasquez Wilfredo , Takahashi Koichi , Abbas Hussein A. , Borges Pamella , Antunes Dinler Amaral , Al-Atrash Gheath , Daver Naval , Molldrem Jeffrey J. , Futreal Andrew , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Im Jin S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
The aim of this study is to determine immune-related biomarkers to predict effective antitumor immunity in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) during immunotherapy (IMT, αCTLA-4, and/or αPD-1 antibodies) and/or hypomethylating agent (HMA).

Experimental Design:
Peripheral blood samples from 55 patients with MDS were assessed for immune subsets, T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire, mutations in 295 acute myeloid leukemia (AML)/MDS-related genes, and immune-related gene expression profiling before and after the first treatment.

Results:
Clinical responders treated with IMT ± HMA but not HMA alone showed a significant expansion of central memory (CM) CD8+ T cells, diverse TCRβ repertoire pretreatment with increased clonality and emergence of novel clones after the initial treatment, and a higher mutation burden pretreatment with subsequent reduction posttreatment. Autophagy, TGFβ, and Th1 differentiation pathways were the most downregulated in nonresponders after treatment, while upregulated in responders. Finally, CTLA-4 but not PD-1 blockade attributed to favorable changes in immune landscape.

Conclusions:
Analysis of tumor–immune landscape in MDS during immunotherapy provides clinical response biomarkers.
Stroke Severity Mediates the Association Between Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Poor Outcomes Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Pan Alan P. , Potter Thomas , Bako Abdulaziz T. , Tannous Jonika , McCane Charles D. , Garg Tanu , Gadhia Rajan , Misra Vivek , Volpi John , Chiu David , Vahidy Farhaan S. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Impact of mediating factors on the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke has not been well characterized.

Methods
Data on patients with acute ischemic stroke were extracted from electronic medical records, and 90‐day modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores were collected as part of a prospective stroke registry. Exact patient addresses were geocoded and characterized using Area Deprivation Index (ADI) ranks. The 90‐day modified Rankin scale scores ≥3 were categorized as poor outcomes. Logistic regression models (adjusted for treatment with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator or intraarterial therapy, sociodemographics, and comorbidities) were fitted to compute adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs for total effect of high ADI on poor outcomes. In‐hospital mortality (versus survived) and unfavorable (versus favorable) discharge disposition were also evaluated as outcomes. Structural equation modeling was used to report the average causal mediation effects of stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS]) and treatment (intravenous tissue plasminogen activator or intraarterial therapy).

Results

Between May 2016 and December 2021, 13 641 patients with acute ischemic stroke (median age, 69 years; 50.1% women) were included. Among 3002 patients with functional outcomes data, a high ADI was significantly associated with poor 90‐day modified Rankin scale score (aOR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.04–1.29]). Patients in higher ADI neighborhoods had increased odds of having higher NIHSS scores (aOR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.07–1.32]). Likewise, a higher NIHSS score was associated with poor 90‐day modified Rankin scale score (aOR, 9.34 [95% CI, 7.64–11.5]). The effect of neighborhood disadvantage on poor 90‐day modified Rankin scale score was 59% mediated by NIHSS score (average causal mediation effects:
P
<0.001). NIHSS score also accounted for 93% of the pathway for unfavorable discharges. In‐hospital mortality was not associated with ADI, and treatment did not significantly mediate any outcomes.

Conclusions
Neighborhood disadvantage leads to unfavorable hospital discharges and worse 90‐day disability, mediated via stroke severity. Tracking social determinants of health may identify opportunities for reducing the onset of severe strokes and poor outcomes.
Permutation Inference with a Finite Number of Heterogeneous Clusters
Authors: Hagemann Andreas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
I introduce a simple permutation procedure to test conventional (non-sharp) hypotheses about the effect of a binary treatment in the presence of a finite number of large, heterogeneous clusters when the treatment effect is identified by comparisons across clusters. The procedure asymptotically controls size by applying a level-adjusted permutation test to a suitable statistic. The adjusted permutation test is easy to implement in practice and performs well at conventional levels of significance with at least four treated clusters and a similar number of control clusters. It is particularly robust to situations where some clusters are much more variable than others.
Trust, Happiness, and Pro-Social Behavior
Authors: Carattini Stefano , Roesti Matthias 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper combines several large-scale surveys and empirical strategies to shed new light on the determinants of cooperative behavior. We provide evidence indicating that the level of trust maximizing subjective well-being tends to be above the income maximizing level. Higher trust is also linked to more cooperative and pro-social behaviors, including the private provision of global public goods such as climate change mitigation. Consistent with “warm glow” theories of pro-social behavior, our results indicate that individuals may enjoy being more cooperative than what would lead them to maximize income, which can be reflected in higher levels of subjective well-being.
Voicing Disagreement in Science: Missing Women
Authors: Klinowski David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the authorship of post-publication criticisms in the scientific literature, with a focus on gender differences. Bibliometrics from journals in the natural and social sciences show that comments that criticize or correct a published study are 20-40% less likely than regular papers to have a female author. In preprints in the life sciences, prior to peer review, women are missing by 20-40% in failed replications compared to regular papers, but are not missing in successful replications. In an experiment, I then find large gender differences in willingness to point out and penalize a mistake in someone's work.
A Note on the Structure of Hebrews 10:11–13
Authors: Akagi Kai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Lexical, syntactical, and semantic correspondence demonstrates that Heb 10:11–13 consists of a concentric structure not discussed in the commentary literature. Obser‑ vation of this structure clarifies the number of contrasts that appear in the sentence spanning these verses and provides additional data informing the debated question of whether the phrase εἰς τὸ διηνεκές in Heb 10:12 modifies the preceding participle προσενέγκας or the following verb ἐκάθισεν. This structure furthermore serves as one more example of the emphasis on the singularity of Jesus’s sacrifice in Hebrews.
The Role of Islam in Realizing the Goals of Climate Change Law: From Theory to Practice?
Authors: Salimi Turkamani Hojjat 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As the second-largest followed religion, Islam traditionally has general teachings about protecting the environment. In the context of climate change these traditional teachings have crystallized in the form of non-binding declarations. These traditional and new perceptions have been manifested as promotive force in the behavior of Islamic actors, including Muslims, Islamic ngo s, Islamic stats, and international Islamic organizations to combat climate change. The question is, have Islamic teachings been able to be effective in the practice of Islamic countries in achieving the goals of the climate change law? Analyzing of the latest report of oic (2021) indicates that, despite the increasing vulnerability of Islamic countries to the effects of greenhouse gas emissions, their greenhouse gas emissions have increased. It is concluded that despite the extensive participation of Islamic countries in international climate change meetings and documents, due to the economic problems, secularity of the government and the continuous effects of colonialism on them, Islam has had an ineffective role on the final result; Because, their approach to climate change is subject to economic and political considerations and not Islamic teachings. Therefore, to create a promotive role for Islam in realizing the goals of climate change law, more attention should be paid to the economic and political considerations of Islamic countries.
Local rarity of vascular plants in a human-dominated landscape of Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebrehiwot Kflay , Woldu Zerihun , Demissew Sebsebe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Understanding species rarity is crucial in developing conservation priorities by reasonably allocating limited funds effectively. The local rarity of vascular plants in the Abune Yosef mountain range in Ethiopia was assessed using Rabinowitz’s seven forms of rarity. Of the 199 vascular species analyzed for rarity, 171 species (86%) were rare. On the contrary, only 28 species (14%) were found to be common in the study area. The rarity index (rr) ranged from 0.46 to 1. On the other hand, species range (gri), total density of mature individuals (psi), and Habitat specificity (hsi) ranges were 0.99–1, 0–1, and 0.04–1, respectively. Land transformation was identified as likely the main driver for rarity in the study area. The characterization of the plant species of the Abune Yosef mountain range provided here can be used in the management of this threatened landscape and provide a basis for broader national-level conservation efforts of plants within the biodiverse landscapes of Ethiopia.
The Student as Broker: Friedrich Wilhelm Roloff and the Translation of Early Modern Biblical Scholarship
Authors: Schmid Philippe Bernhard 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Translation supplied early modern students with a first output for their academic career, while introducing them to the workings of the printing trade. This article shows that through translation students could also become information brokers in the Republic of Letters. I focus on Friedrich Wilhelm Roloff (1714–1741) in Berlin, who translated a single chapter from the Histoire critique de Manichée et de manichéisme (1734) by the Huguenot theologian Isaac de Beausobre (1659–1738). Highlighting the paratexts of Roloff’s publication, I argue that print enabled students to play the role of mediators in theological disputes. Translating Beausobre’s chapter into the material format of a printed dissertation, Roloff dedicated his book to Siegmund Jakob Baumgarten (1706–1757), commemorating Baumgarten’s appointment as professor at Halle. As the translation and its collaborative production formed part of a larger network of Wolffianism, my article reveals that Roloff was made into a broker by accident.
Phytochemical Constituents from the Aerial Parts of Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl. and Their Cytotoxic Activity
Authors: Anh Bui Thi Mai , Nga Tran Thi Thuy , Lan Hoang Thi Tuyet , Mai Nguyen Thi , Huong Phan Thi Thanh , Tai Bui Huu , Nhiem Nguyen Xuan , Van Kiem Phan 
Published: March 2023

Objective Acanthus ebracteatus Vahl. (family Acanthaceae) is distributed in the mangrove areas of northern Vietnam. The whole plant has the effect of dissolving blood stasis, reducing swelling, relieving pain, dissolving phlegm, and is often used to treat back pain, numbness, cough, and asthma. In our screening program for seeking cytotoxic active compounds, the methanol extract of this plant significantly showed activity and was selected for further study. In this paper we report the chemical constituents of A. ebracteatus and their cytotoxic activity towards two cancer cell lines, HepG2 and SK-LU1 in vitro. Methods The dried and powdered aerial parts of A. ebracteatus were ultrasonically extracted with methanol. This extract was suspended in water and successively partitioned with n-hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate to give n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and water-soluble extracts. These extracts were fractionated and purified by column and HPLC chromatographic methods. The chemical structures of the isolates were determined by analysis of HRESIMS, and 1D and 2D NMR, and CD spectra. The isolates were screened for their in vitro cytotoxic activity by SRB assay. Results One new flavone glycoside (1) and ten known compounds (2-11), including five flavones (2-6), three alkaloids (7-9), and two phenolic glycosides (10 and 11), were isolated from the aerial parts of A. ebracteatus. Compounds 7–9 showed moderate cytotoxic activity against HepG2 and SK-LU1 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 28.2 to 31.1 µM. Compounds 2–6, 8, 9, and 11 are reported herein from A. ebracteatus for the first time. Conclusion One new (1) and five known flavonoids (2-6), together with three alkaloids (7-9) and two phenolic glycosides (10 and 11) were recorded from A. ebracteatus. Our results preliminarily revealed that alkaloids may be cytotoxic ingredients of A. ebracteatus.