bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PLC regulates spontaneous glutamate release triggered by extracellular calcium and readily releasable pool size in neocortical neurons
Authors: Feldthouse Maya G. , Vyleta Nicholas P. , Smith Stephen M. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionDynamic physiological changes in brain extracellular calcium ([Ca2+]o) occur when high levels of neuronal activity lead to substantial Ca2+ entry via ion channels reducing local [Ca2+]o. Perturbations of the extracellular microenvironment that increase [Ca2+]o are commonly used to study how [Ca2+] regulates neuronal activity. At excitatory synapses, the Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR) and other G-protein coupled receptors link [Ca2+]o and spontaneous glutamate release. Phospholipase C (PLC) is activated by G-proteins and is hypothesized to mediate this process.MethodsPatch-clamping cultured neocortical neurons, we tested how spontaneous glutamate release was affected by [Ca2+]o and inhibition of PLC activity. We used hypertonic sucrose (HS) to evaluate the readily releasable pool (RRP) and test if it was affected by inhibition of PLC activity.ResultsSpontaneous glutamate release substantially increased with [Ca2+]o, and inhibition of PLC activity, with U73122, abolished this effect. PLC-β1 is an abundant isoform in the neocortex, however, [Ca2+]o-dependent spontaneous release was unchanged in PLC-β1 null mutants (PLC-β1–/–). U73122 completely suppressed this response in PLC-β1–/– neurons, indicating that this residual [Ca2+]o–sensitivity may be mediated by other PLC isoforms. The RRP size was substantially reduced after incubation in U73122, but not U73343. Phorbol esters increased RRP size after PLC inhibition.DiscussionTogether these data point to a strong role for PLC in mediating changes in spontaneous release elicited by [Ca2+]o and other extracellular cues, possibly by modifying the size of the RRP.
Comparison of machine learning models based on multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound videos for the prediction of prostate cancer
Authors: Qi Xiaoyang , Wang Kai , Feng Bojian , Sun Xingbo , Yang Jie , Hu Zhengbiao , Zhang Maoliang , Lv Cheng , Jin Liyuan , Zhou Lingyan , Wang Zhengping , Yao Jincao 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo establish machine learning (ML) prediction models for prostate cancer (PCa) using transrectal ultrasound videos and multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and compare their diagnostic performance.Materials and methodsWe systematically collated the data of 383 patients, including 187 with PCa and 196 with benign lesions. Of them, 307 patients (150 with PCa and 157 with benign lesions) were randomly selected to train and validate the ML models, 76 patients were used as test set. B-Ultrasound videos (BUS), mpMRI T2 sequence (T2), and ADC sequence (ADC) were obtained from all patients. We extracted 851 features of each patient in the BUS, T2, and ADC groups and used a t-test, the Mann–Whitney U test, and LASSO regression to screen the features. Support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), adaptive boosting (ADB), and gradient boosting machine (GBM) models were used to establish radiomics models. In addition, we fused the features screened via LASSO regression from three groups as new features and rebuilt ML models. The performance of the ML models in diagnosing PCa in the BUS, T2, ADC, and fusion groups was compared using the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy.ResultsIn the test cohort, the AUC of each model in the ADC group was higher than that of in the.BUS and T2 groups. Among the models, the RF model had the best diagnostic performance, with an AUC of 0.85, sensitivity of 0.78 (0.61–0.89), specificity of 0.84 (0.69–0.94), and accuracy of 0.83 (0.66–0.93). The SVM model in both the BUS and T2 groups performed best. Based on the features screened in the BUS, T2, and ADC groups fused to construct the models, the SVM model was found to perform best, with an AUC of 0.87, sensitivity of 0.73 (0.56–0.86), specificity of 0.79 (0.63–0.90), and accuracy of 0.77 (0.59–0.89). The difference in the results was statistically significant (p&lt;0.05).ConclusionThe ML prediction models had a good diagnostic ability for PCa. Among them, the SVM model in the fusion group showed the best performance in diagnosing PCa. These prediction models can help radiologists make better diagnoses.
Postoperative clinical outcome and complications of combined cannulated cancellous screw with Kirschner wire in adolescent femoral neck fractures
Authors: Kenmegne Guy Romeo , Zou Chang , Lin Yixiang , Yin Yijie , Huang Shengbo , Fang Yue 
Published: May 2023

PurposeFractures of the femoral neck account for less than 1% of pediatric and adolescent fractures. Due to the high incidence of complications, and the age of the patients, the choice of fixation approach remains controversial among orthopedic surgeons. This study aimed to evaluate the postoperative outcomes and complications of femoral neck fracture in adolescents with open physis, following transphyseal fixation using a combined cannulated cancellous screw and Kirschner wire fixation.MethodsData of 19 patients aged between 12 and 19 years from January 2010 to January 2021 were retrospectively studied. The follow-up period was 1–11 years (5.83 ± 3.76 years). The variables of interest including demographic and clinical variables [age, BMI, gender, side of injury, fracture classification, operation time, time to surgery, and length of hospital stay (LOS)], postoperative outcomes, and complications (fracture healing time, nonunion, coxa vara, osteoarthritis, avascular necrosis, screw loosening, and femoral shortening) were analyzed. The assessment of the hip function was done on the final follow-up using the Ratliff scoring system.ResultsThere was a male predominance of 76%; the mean age was 16.14 ± 1.57 years and the most frequent mechanism of injury was fall from a height. Delbet type II and III were the most encountered. The mean intraoperative time was 54.71 ± 7.85 min, the LOS was 8.34 ± 1.81days, and the time to surgery was 2.60 ± 1.16 days; the fracture healing time was 3.31 ± 1.04 months. The postoperative complications encountered were coxa vara osteoarthritis, spontaneous dislocation, and neck shortening. Clinical assessment revealed good results in 89% of patients and fair results in 11% of patients.ConclusionTransphyseal fixation using cannulated cancellous screw combined with Kirschner wire in our patients provided acceptable results. Thus, this approach can be a viable alternative in the management of adolescent femoral neck fracture with open physis.
Vitamin D3 alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats by inhibiting hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation via the SREBP-1-c/ PPARα-NF-κB/IR-S2 signaling pathway
Authors: Reda Doha , Elshopakey Gehad E. , Albukhari Talat A. , Almehmadi Samah J. , Refaat Bassem , Risha Engy F. , Mahgoub Hebatallah A. , El-Boshy Mohamed E. , Abdelhamid Fatma M. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disease characterized by fat deposits in liver cells, which can lead to hepatitis and fibrosis. This study attempted to explore the protective effect of vitamin D3 (VitD) against NAFLD.Methods: Adult male albino rats were randomized into four separate groups: the negative control group was fed a standard rat chow; the positive group received a high-fat diet (20%) and 25% fructose water (NAFLD); the VitD control group was intramuscularly treated with VitD (1,000 IU/kg BW) 3 days per week for 10 weeks; and the NAFLD group was treated with VitD therapy. Biochemical and hepatic histological analyses were performed. Hepatic oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions were also studied. Hepatic expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1-c (SREBP-1-c), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), and insulin receptor substrate-2 was analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results and discussion: The NAFLD rats exhibited elevated terminal body weight, hepatic injury markers, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. Moreover, the NAFLD rats had increased SREBP-1-c expression and reduced PPAR-α and IRS-2 expressions. Histological analysis showed hepatic steatosis and inflammation in the NAFLD group. In contrast, VitD administration improved the serum biochemical parameters and hepatic redox status in NAFLD rats. Also, VitD treatment ameliorated hepatic inflammation and steatosis in the NAFLD group by decreasing the expression of SREBP-1-c and increasing the expression of PPAR-α. Overall, these results suggest that VitD could have a protective effect against NAFLD and its associated complication.
SiPM cross-talk in liquid argon detectors
Authors: Boulay M. G. , Camillo V. , Canci N. , Choudhary S. , Consiglio L. , Flammini A. , Galbiati C. , Ghiano C. , Gola A. , Horikawa S. , Kachru P. , Kochanek I. , Kondo K. , Korga G. , Kuźniak M. , Mazzi A. , Moharana A. , Nieradka G. , Paternoster G. , Razeto A. , Sablone D. , Thorpe T. N. , Türkoğlu C. , Wang H. , Rescigno M. , Sanfilippo S. 
Published: May 2023

SiPM-based readouts are becoming the standard for light detection in particle detectors given their superior resolution and ease of use with respect to vacuum tube photo-multipliers. However, the contributions of noise detection such as the dark rate, cross-talk, and after-pulsing (AP) may significantly impact their performance. In this work, we present the development of highly reflective single-phase argon chambers capable of displaying light yields up to 32 photo-electrons per keV, with approximately 12 being primary photo-electrons generated by the argon scintillation, while the rest are accounted by optical cross-talk. Furthermore, the presence of compound processes results in a generalized Fano factor larger than 2 already at an over-voltage of 5 V. Finally, we present a parametrization of the optical cross-talk for the FBK NUV-HD-Cryo SiPMs at 87 K that can be extended to future detectors with tailored optical simulations.
High suicidality predicts overdose events among people with substance use disorder: A latent class analysis
Authors: Schmidt Renae D. , Horigian Viviana E. , Shmueli-Blumberg Dikla , Hefner Kathryn , Feinberg Judith , Kondapaka Radhika , Feaster Daniel J. , Duan Rui , Gonzalez Sophia , Davis Carly , Vena Ashley , Marín-Navarrete Rodrigo , Tross Susan 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionSuicide is the tenth leading cause of death in the United States and continues to be a major public health concern. Suicide risk is highly prevalent among individuals with co-occurring substance use disorders (SUD) and mental health disorders, making them more prone to adverse substance use related outcomes including overdose. Identifying individuals with SUD who are suicidal, and therefore potentially most at risk of overdose, is an important step to address the synergistic epidemics of suicides and overdose fatalities in the United States. The current study assesses whether patterns of suicidality endorsement can indicate risk for substance use and overdose.MethodsLatent class analysis (LCA) was used to assess patterns of item level responses to the Concise Health Risk Tracking Self-Report (CHRT-SR), which measures thoughts and feelings associated with suicidal propensity. We used data from 2,541 participants with SUD who were enrolled across 8 randomized clinical trials in the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network from 2012 to 2021. Characteristics of individuals in each class were assessed, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine class membership as a predictor of overdose. LCA was also used to analyze predictors of substance use days.ResultsThree classes were identified and discussed: Class (1) Minimal Suicidality, with low probabilities of endorsing each CHRT-SR construct; Class (2) Moderate Suicidality, with high probabilities of endorsing pessimism, helplessness, and lack of social support, but minimal endorsement of despair or suicidal thoughts; and Class (3) High Suicidality with high probabilities of endorsing all constructs. Individuals in the High Suicidality class comprise the highest proportions of males, Black/African American individuals, and those with a psychiatric history and baseline depression, as compared with the other two classes. Regression analysis revealed that those in the High Suicidality class are more likely to overdose as compared to those in the Minimal Suicidality class (p = 0.04).ConclusionSuicidality is an essential factor to consider when building strategies to screen, identify, and address individuals at risk for overdose. The integration of detailed suicide assessment and suicide risk reduction is a potential solution to help prevent suicide and overdose among people with SUD.
A 7-Step Guideline for Qualitative Synthesis and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Health Sciences
Authors: Glisic Marija , Raguindin Peter Francis , Gemperli Armin , Taneri Petek Eylul , Salvador Dante Jr. , Voortman Trudy , Marques Vidal Pedro , Papatheodorou Stefania I. , Kunutsor Setor K. , Bano Arjola , Ioannidis John P. A. , Muka Taulant 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To provide a step-by-step, easy-to-understand, practical guide for systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Methods: A multidisciplinary team of researchers with extensive experience in observational studies and systematic review and meta-analysis was established. Previous guidelines in evidence synthesis were considered.Results: There is inherent variability in observational study design, population, and analysis, making evidence synthesis challenging. We provided a framework and discussed basic meta-analysis concepts to assist reviewers in making informed decisions. We also explained several statistical tools for dealing with heterogeneity, probing for bias, and interpreting findings. Finally, we briefly discussed issues and caveats for translating results into clinical and public health recommendations. Our guideline complements “A 24-step guide on how to design, conduct, and successfully publish a systematic review and meta-analysis in medical research” and addresses peculiarities for observational studies previously unexplored.Conclusion: We provided 7 steps to synthesize evidence from observational studies. We encourage medical and public health practitioners who answer important questions to systematically integrate evidence from observational studies and contribute evidence-based decision-making in health sciences.
Interactions between Entomopathogenic Fungi and Insects and Prospects with Glycans
Authors: Liu Dongdong , Smagghe Guy , Liu Tong-Xian 
Published: May 2023

Concerns regarding the ecological and health risks posed by synthetic insecticides have instigated the exploration of alternative methods for controlling insects, such as entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) as biocontrol agents. Therefore, this review discusses their use as a potential alternative to chemical insecticides and especially focuses on the two major ones, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, as examples. First, this review exemplifies how B. bassiana- and M. anisopliae-based biopesticides are used in the world. Then, we discuss the mechanism of action by which EPF interacts with insects, focusing on the penetration of the cuticle and the subsequent death of the host. The interactions between EPF and the insect microbiome, as well as the enhancement of the insect immune response, are also summarized. Finally, this review presents recent research that N-glycans may play a role in eliciting an immune response in insects, resulting in the increased expression of immune-related genes and smaller peritrophic matrix pores, reducing insect midgut permeability. Overall, this paper provides an overview of the EPF in insect control and highlights the latest developments relating to the interaction between fungi and insect immunity.
Robustness of Consensus of Two-Layer Ring Networks
Authors: Li Zhijun , Gao Haiping , Shang Zhiyong , Zhang Wenming 
Published: May 2023

The topology structure of multi-layer networks is highly correlated with the robustness of consensus. This paper investigates the influence of different interlayer edge connection patterns on the consensus of the two-layer ring networks. Two types of two-layer ring network models are first considered: one is a kind of two-layer ring network with two linked edges between layers (Networks-a), and the other is a kind of two-layer ring network with three linked edges between layers (Networks-b). Using the Laplacian spectrum, the consensus of the network model is derived. The simulation experiments are used to demonstrate the influence of different interlayer edge connection patterns on the consensus of networks. To determine the best edge connection pattern for Networks-a and Networks-b, the number of nodes in a single-layer ring network is denoted by n. The best edge connection pattern for Networks-a is 1 & [(n+2)/2]. Furthermore, n is subdivided into 3k,3k+1,3k+2, and the best edge connection patterns of Networks-b are near 1 & k+1 & 2k+1.
Discursive Practice Used in Sermons of Waibu Moi Churches in Jayapura
Authors: Samuati Banga Berthin , Kabanga' Lewi , Tabuni Simon 
Published: May 2023

Sermon has vital roles in educating the people of Papua in Jayapura. It is considered one of the legal ways effect the attitude of Papuan Christianity. Sermon conducted in Waibu Moi Churches of Jayapura contains power of language to ensure the life as Christianity. The power of language used by the preacher is seen by using discursive text analysis. The goal of this study is to present the language power used by the preacher in Waibu-Moi Churches of Jayapura. The method applied in this study was descriptive qualitative. The data was taken from 5 churches which have good management by using recording technique. The techniques of analyzing data were transcription, reducing, data display, and analysis. The Analysis of data used the theory of Fairclough, discursive dimensions, combined with the analysis of formal aspect of language namely experiential analysis. The results of this analysis show that the power of language used by the preachers in Waibu Moi churches are generally forms the features of analogy , cause and effect, affirmation statements, and code of language in mixing and switching.
Vocabulary Learning Strategies Used by the High- Proficiency Learners
Authors: Tahmina Tania 
Published: May 2023

Vocabulary learning strategies played a significant role in EFL learners’ vocabulary acquisition. All language learners use their own chosen vocabulary learning strategies; however, appropriateness in selecting strategies can lead them to success. The objectives of the study were to explore the vocabulary learning strategies used by high-proficiency language learners of the Department of English at Jagannath University, Bangladesh, and to describe the reasons behind choosing these strategies. A mixed-methods approach was used. Thirteen high achiever undergraduate students of the Department of English, Jagannath University, Bangladesh, participated in this research. An adaptation of Schmitt’s (1997) questionnaire, learners’ scores, and interviews were used as instruments to collect data. The result showed that the Cognitive (Consolidation) Strategy Category no. 25: “I repeat the word to myself” was the high achievers’ most frequently used strategy. The next preferred strategies were Determination (Discovery) Strategies Category no. 4: “I guess the meaning from the context” and Category no. 5: “I use an English-Bangla dictionary.” The Memory (Condensation) Strategy Category no. 17: “I connect the word to a personal experience”, Cognitive (Condensation) Strategy Category no. 29: “I take notes about the new words”, and Determination (Discovery) Strategy Category no. 6: “I use an English dictionary” were in the third position. These strategies ensured their spontaneous learning and aided them in becoming autonomous learners. The findings of this study will contribute to learners, teachers, and researchers.
Uso da toxina botulínica no tratamento da incontinência urinária
Authors: Fernandes Thamires Manzano , Santana Gabriela Gonçalves , De Oliveira Mariana Maciel 
Published: May 2023

A incontinência urinária (IU) é uma síndrome que promove a perda involuntária de urina, podendo causar prejuízos para a saúde e para a vida social dos seus portadores. A IU é classificada em cinco tipos diferentes, e o seu tratamento varia de acordo com o tipo e com as doenças associadas. Um dos tratamentos consiste no emprego de fármacos que realizam o bloqueio neuromuscular, dentre eles a toxina botulínica (TXB). No entanto, poucos estudos abordam a utilização da TXB para essa finalidade. Considerando este cenário, o presente trabalho consistiu em uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre o uso da TXB no tratamento da IU. A pesquisa de artigos científicos foi realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, PubMed e Science Direct, sendo selecionados artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos, sem restrição de idioma e disponíveis na íntegra gratuitamente para leitura. Os descritores utilizados na pesquisa foram: toxina botulínica, incontinência urinária e terapêutica. Foram selecionados 19 artigos, e dentre os resultados encontrados destaca-se que, apesar da superior eficácia da TXB intradetrusora quando comparada com a terapia oral empregando outros fármacos, ela não é a primeira escolha para um tratamento inicial, sendo selecionada após a falha farmacológica. Além disso, destaca-se a importância da adesão do paciente ao tratamento com TXB, visto que são necessárias constantes reaplicações da mesma. No entanto, antes do uso da TXB é necessária uma análise cuidadosa, que deve considerar as indicações, custos e possíveis complicações. Por fim, apesar dos estudos já publicados sobre o tema, há a necessidade de mais pesquisas referentes a fisiopatologia da IU e o emprego da TXB no seu tratamento.
DETERMINAN PERILAKU ORANG TUA TERHADAP PENGAWASAN DALAM PENGGUNAAN GADGET PADA ANAK USIA 7 – 12 TAHUN DI RT 02 RW 02 DUSUN WONOSRI BARAT DESA KOTO TINGGI PASIR PENGARAIAN
Authors: Syukaisih Syukaisih , Maharani Riri , Hidayati Al , Amalia Risa , Rasyid Zulmeliza 
Published: May 2023

Gadget (Smartphone) adalah salah satu jenis telepon genggam yang memiliki kemampuan lebih canggih dibandingkan komputer. Survey di beberapa Negara membuktikan bahwa sebanyak 98% orangtua memperbolehkan anaknya menggunakan gadget. Survey awal yang dilakukan kepada 5 orang tua di RT 02 RW 02 mereka hanya tahunya dampak negatif dari gadget dapat berdampak ke mata anak. Ketika ditanyakan dampak yang lainnya, mereka kurang mengetahui apa saja yang menjadi akibat dari penggunaan gadget. Kelima orang tua tersebut juga mengatakan bahwa mereka membiarkan anaknya menggunakan gadget hingga berjam-jam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan, sikap, persepsi dan komunikasi orang tua terhadap pengawasan dalam penggunaan gadget pada anak usia 7 – 12 tahun di RT 02 RW 02 Dusun Wonosri Barat Desa Koto Tinggi Pasir Pengaraian. Jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di RT 02 RW 02 Dusun Wonosri Barat Desa Koto Tinggi Pasir Pengaraian. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang mempunyai anak usia 7-12 tahun sebanyak 63 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan, sikap, persepsi, dan komunikasi dengan perilaku orang tua terhadap pengawasan dalam penggunaan gadget pada anak. Diharapkan kepada tenaga kesehatan dapat melakukan promosi Kesehatan disekolah tentang dampak penggunaan gadget pada anak. Dan diharapkan para orang tua meningkatkan perilaku kontrol tentang penggunaan gadget serta membatasi penggunaan gadget pada anak.