bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw beef for retail sale in the markets of Ulaanbaatar city, Mongolia
Authors: Dorjgochoo Amgalanzaya , batbayar Anujin , Tsend-Ayush Altansukh , Erdenebayar Otgontsetseg , Byambadorj Bayarlakh , Yandag Munkhdelger , Jav Sarantuya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a highly virulent pathogen that causes foodborne illness, food poisoning, skin and soft tissue infections, abscesses, mastitis, and bacteremia. It is common for meat and meat products to become contaminated with S. aureus due to dirty hands, food storage conditions, food production processes, and unhygienic conditions, causing food poisoning. Therefore, we aimed to detect virulence genes and S. aureus contamination in raw beef for retail sale.
Methods
In this study, samples of raw beef were collected from 100 retail market stalls in Ulaanbaatar. S. aureus was detected according to the ISO 6888-1 and ISO 6888-2:2003 standard, and the nucA gene encoding the species-specific thermonuclease was amplified and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In the strains of S. aureus found in the samples, the genes encoding the virulence factors sea, sed, tsst, eta, etb, and mecA were amplified and detected by multiplex PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method.
Results
Thirty-five percent of the studied samples were contaminated with S. aureus. Antibiotic resistance was then assessed in these strains, and highest rates of resistance were determined to be to ampicillin (97.1%), oxacillin (88.6%), and penicillin (88.6%). Six virulence genes were detected by multiplex PCR in the S. aureus strains isolated from meat, and the penicillin-binding protein PBP 2A and its encoding gene mecA, enterotoxin A (sea), and toxic shock syndrome toxin (tsst) were identified in 17.1% of the samples. Moreover, cytotoxic toxin type a was identified in 5.7% of the samples, type b in 11.4%, and enterotoxin D (sed) in 2.9%.
Conclusions
The results show that S. aureus contamination is high in raw meat for retail sale, and the strains are resistant to antibiotics. These data indicate that there is a high risk for food poisoning caused by S. aureus in raw meat and that complications during its treatment are possible. S. aureus strains isolated from meat contain genes coding for both heat-resistant and nonresistant toxicity factors and are highly pathogenic, so it is necessary to ensure proper hygienic conditions during meat preparation and sale.
Neuroimaging and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Older Patients with Multiple Myeloma Treated with Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Correa Denise D. , Vachha Behroze A. , Baser Raymond E. , Koch Adrian , Wong Phillip , Gohel Suril , Giralt Sergio , Root James C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Many patients with hematological malignancies treated with stem cell transplantation (SCT) experience cognitive dysfunction. However, few studies have investigated treatment-related neurotoxicity in older adults with multiple myeloma (MM) treated with high dose chemotherapy (HDC) and autologous SCT (HDC/ASCT). In this study, we examined gray matter (GM) volume, resting state functional connectivity (RSFC), neurocognitive function (NF), and proinflammatory cytokines (PCy) in older patients with MM pre- and post-HDC/ASCT.
Methods
Eighteen MM patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging, neurocognitive tests, and serum PCy measurement prior to HDC/ASCT, and fifteen patients completed follow ups an average of five months post-HDC/ASCT.
Results
There were significant decreases in RSFC from pre- to post-HDC/ASCT in (1) the central executive network (CEN) involving the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right posterior parietal cortex (p = 0.022), and (2) the CEN involving the right posterior parietal cortex and the salience network involving the right dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (p = 0.029); these comparisons were no longer significant after multiple comparisons correction. There were no significant changes in GM volumes or NF, except for improvement in attention (Digit Span Backward, p = 0.03). There were significant increases in several PCy post-HDC/ASCT (p ≤ 0.05).
Conclusions
This pilot study showed decreased RSFC involving the left frontal, right posterior parietal and right anterior cingulate cortices in MM patients post-HDC/ASCT, relatively stable NF, and increases in PCy. These findings are congruent with studies in patients with hematological malignancies and other cancers and provide supporting evidence for the vulnerability of frontoparietal regions to chemotherapy adverse effects.
Nutrient patterns in relation to insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction in Iranian women
Authors: Dehghani Farimah , Hajhashemy Zahra , Keshteli Ammar Hassanzadeh , Yazdannik Ahmadreza , Falahi Ebrahim , Saneei Parvane , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Prior studies have mainly focused on the association of one specific nutrient with insulin resistance (IR) and endothelial dysfunction and limited studies have assessed the relationship with different nutrient patterns (NPs). We examined the association between various NPs and IR and endothelial dysfunction among Iranian women.
Method
This cross-sectional study was carried out on a sample of 368 female nurses. A 106-items food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was applied for dietary assessments. Factor analysis was conducted to extract NPs. The relationships between NPs and markers of insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction were assessed by linear regression analysis.
Results
Mean age and body mass index of participants were respectively 35.21 years and 24.04 kg/m2. Three major NPs were identified. NP1, named as “dairy, fruits, and vegetables” had high values of potassium, folate, vitamins A and C, magnesium and beta carotene. No significant relationship was observed between this NP and insulin resistance or endothelial dysfunction indices. The second NP was full of chromium, selenium, copper, vitamin B6, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), thiamin, vitamin D and iron. Adherence to NP2 (named “legumes, nuts, and protein foods”) was associated with lower values of insulin (6.8 ± 1.1 versus 8.4 ± 1.1, P = 0.01), homeostasis model assessment-Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (1.3 ± 0.2 versus 1.7 ± 0.2, P = 0.02), and vascular adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) (444.2 ± 27.9 versus 475.828.4, P = 0.03). However, adherence to the third NP, rich in saturated fatty acid (SFA), cholesterol, sodium, zinc, vitamin E, and B12, described as “animal fat and meat”, was related to higher amounts of homeostasis model assessment-β (HOMA-β) (531.3 ± 176.2 versus 48.7 ± 179.8, P = 0.03).
Conclusion
Following the NP2, correlated with higher intakes of chromium, selenium, copper, vitamin B6, MUFA and thiamin was associated with lower values of insulin, HOMA-IR, and sVCAM-1. Adherence to NP3, rich in SFA, cholesterol, vitamin E, vitamin B12, and zinc was associated with higher levels of HOMA-β.
Progonostic Effect of GSTM1/GSTT1 Polymorphism in Determining Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in South Indian Population
Authors: Sobha Santhi Priya , EBENEZAR KUMAR 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with oxidative stress playing a significant role. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms - GSTM1, GSTT1 - have been linked to CVD and T2DM. The role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 in CVD development among T2DM patients in the South Indian population is investigated in this study.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The volunteers were grouped as Group 1: control, Group 2: T2DM, Group 3: CVD, and Group 4: T2DM with CVD (n = 100 each). Blood glucose, lipid profile, plasma GST, MDA, and total antioxidants were measured. GSTM1 and GSTT1 were genotyped using PCR.
RESULTS
GSTT1 plays a significant role in the development of T2DM and CVD [OR 2.96(1.64–5.33), < 0.001 and 3.05(1.67–5.58), < 0.001] while GSTM1 null genotype was not associated with disease development. Individuals with dual null GSTM1/GSTT1 genotype had the highest risk of developing CVD [3.70(1.50–9.11), 0.004]. Group 2 and 3 individuals showed higher lipid peroxidation and lower total antioxidant levels. Pathway analysis further indicated that GSTT1 significantly affects GST plasma levels.
CONCLUSION
GSTT1 null genotype may be considered as a factor for increasing the susceptibility and risk of CVD and T2DM in the South Indian population.
Evolution of cooperation in multiplex networks: Cases in which asymmetry between interaction and replacement promotes cooperation
Authors: Inaba Masaaki , Akiyama Eizo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cooperation is the foundation of society, but we still know little about the conditions under which cooperation spreads within a group.We analyze cooperation in multiplex networks, which have recently gained attention as a model that successfully captures certain aspects of human social connections.Previous studies have shown that symmetry between interactions and strategy replacements promotes cooperation across a wide range of network structures, including regular networks, scale-free networks, and weighted dynamic networks.Interactions refer to actions that cause increases or decreases in payoff, and strategy replacements refer to actions that cause changes in behavioral traits.When these two actions are performed with the same partner as much as possible, we call the situation symmetrical.In other words, prior research indicates that in a two-layer multiplex network, where the first layer constrains the choice of interaction partners and the second layer constrains the choice of replacement partners, the more similar the two layers are, the more likely cooperation is promoted.However, we focus on the difference in scope between the two actions and, contrary to previous studies, find cases in which asymmetry promotes cooperation.This indicates that there can be not only symmetric but also asymmetric approaches for promoting cooperation.
Marine conditions in Andaman Sea shape the unique genetic structure of Sargassum plagiophyllum C.Agardh
Authors: Lin Yude , Zhang Jie , Du Yuqun , Zhang Shuangshuang , Liu Li , Draisma Stefano G.A , Duan Delin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Andaman Sea-Malacca Strait is one area with high maritime complexity and process with seaweed rich biodiversity. Sargassum plagiophyllum C.Agardh is one typical brown seaweed abundant in the area. However, its population genetics has not been studied. Here, we used the nuclear Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 of the ribosomal cistron (ITS2) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) as genetic markers to determine the its population genetic structure along the entire west coast of Thailand. One total of 351 indviduals from the ten populations were genotyped. Nine different haplotypes and 17 different ribotypes were verified. Genrally, S. plagiophyllum populations are genetically homogeneous. Most individuals belonged to the one single ribotype and haplotype. Ocean currents are belived to influence S. plagiophyllum distributions and itsgenetic exchange between the populations. Higher phosphate concentrations during northeast monsoon season could promote its growth. Our study implied that the temporal and spatial transformation of marine environment in Andaman Sea influenced both S. plagiophyllum distribution, biomass and population genetic structure, our results are positive to the conservation seaweed resources preservations.
Title: Assessing Impact of Climate Variability and Change on Maize Yield in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: A Modelling Perspective.
Authors: Kassa Gizachew , Getachew Manyazwal , Bhowmick Anirudh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Computing seasonal anomalies and Mann-Kendal trend test combined with APSIM maize crop modeling, the impact of climate variation and change on Maize crop production has been assessed; by comparing the simulated result during baseline and 3 CMIP5 climate model projections of 2 Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP 4.5&8.5) climate scenarios in Gamo Zone, Southern Ethiopia, case of 4 Woreda. Based on standardized precipitation index (SPI) analysis, a moderately wet and very wet climate condition will predominate during the 2nd rainy season (Sept - Nov). While the main rainy season (March-May), moderately dry and very dry climate conditions will predominate during the mid and end-term of the 21st century compared to the baseline period. Inconsistent decreasing and increasing temperatures and rainfall trends in response to climate change have been detected. The APSIM7.9 crop model adequately simulates the maize grain yield with a Root Mean Square Error value of (4.5 to 9.13 q/ha) across four selected woreda. The maize yield potential variation of lowest, highest limits and median ranges up to 1.2, 30.5 and 16 q/ha with a coefficient variation of 2.4% on average in future three particular periods. The median yield change showed a reduction up to 36.5% and 18.75% across all woreda during the mid term (2041-2070) and end- term (2071-2100) as compared to the baseline period (1980-2005), due to the reduction of precipitation in the main rainy season and annual total rainfall reduction; while it showed a positive change up to 29.2% during the near-term (2010-2040) period of the 21st century in both RCP scenarios.
Towards a Comprehensive Approach for Socialbot Detection on Twitter: Integrating Multiple Features
Authors: Owais Muhammad , Shoaib Muhammad , Waseem Muhammad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The increasing use of social media platforms has brought about various opportunities for people to communicate, share opinions, and express themselves online. However, this has also led to the emergence of socialbots, programmed accounts that mimic human behavior and have the potential to spread fake news, manipulate the stock market, promote terrorism, and interfere in democratic processes. In order to address this problem, various techniques have been employed for socialbots detection, including profile-based, temporal-based, content-based, behavioral-based, and network-based approaches. However, none of these methods have utilized a hybrid of all these features. In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach that integrates all these features to train a model for socialbots detection on Twitter. we use the Twibot-22 dataset for our experiments and evaluate the performance of our proposed approach against benchmark models. With an accuracy of 0.898, the XGBoost model surpassed the benchmark models. This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to maintain the integrity of tweet contents and address the potential harms caused by socialbots on social networks
Experimental investigations on weak magnetization enhanced force rheological polishing of SiC mold
Authors: Huang XiangMing , Zhou Dongdong , Ming Yang , Li Xiyang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To investigate the influence of weak magnetization enhanced force rheological polishing (WMEFRP) parameters on the surface quality of small aspheric SiC mold, a magnetic shear thickening fluid (MSTF) containing shear thickening fluid (STF), Al2O3 particles, and carbonyl iron powder particles was developed. Furthermore, the polishing characteristics and stability of the method were analyzed through rheological tests and magnetic field simulation. Orthogonal experiments were carried out on a small aspheric SiC mold using a five-axis machining center. The influence of spindle speed, polishing clearance, abrasive particle size, and other factors on material removal rate (MRR), surface morphology, surface roughness (SR), and subsurface damage (SSD) depth was explored. The results showed that MRR and SSD depth increased with spindle speed, whereas SR first decreased and then increased. Polishing clearance had a significant negative correlation effect on MRR, SR, and SSD depth, whereas abrasive particle size had a weak positive correlation effect on them. The parameter optimization method based on multi-objective matrix was used to evaluate the influence weight of MRR, SR, and SSD depth on the orthogonal test results. The optimal scheme was determined as follows: the spindle speed was 720 rpm, the polishing gap was 0.5 mm, and the particle size was 3 µm. The verification test was carried out by using the optimal scheme. The results showed that the SR and SSD depths were considerably reduced, and the surface/subsurface quality was considerably improved. This evaluation method could meet the technical requirements of high efficiency and high surface/subsurface quality for the polishing of small-aperture aspheric SiC mold.
Epimedium/Icariin promotes angiogenesis through HIF-1 signaling pathway
Authors: Song Chao , Jiang Yingcun , Cai Weiye , Cheng Kang , Chen Rui , Qiu Junjie , Hao Qi , Liu Zongchao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective, With the help of network pharmacology and in vitro studies, this study aims to understand the mechanism by which Epimedium/ Icariin (EPI/ICA) promote angiogenesis through the HIF-1 signaling pathway, laying the groundwork for the treatment of bone discontinuity.
Methods, 1) The TCMSP database provided the gene targets for Epimedium's effect in this investigation. Search the GeneCards database for gene targets associated with "bone discontinuity". GO, KEGG, and Reactome enrichment analysis is performed after identifying possible gene targets for EPI/ICA treatment of bone discontinuity. Molecular docking to confirm the HIF-1 pathway's essential proteins' capacity to bind to ICA. 2) ①. Human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) were divided into blank control groups and ICA groups with different concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 mol/L), and CCK8 measured the proliferative activity of HUVECs in each group after ICA intervention. These in vitro experiments sought to identify the optimal intervention concentration of ICA. ②. A test for angiogenesis to determine whether it can encourage angiogenesis. ③. After ICA intervention, Western blot and Elisa measured the level of HIF-1 pathway-related protein activity in each group.
Results, For the treatment of bone discontinuity, the bioinformatic analysis of EPI/ICA identified 164 potential therapeutic gene targets, including 45 important gene targets and 10 of these crucial gene targets (HIF1A, AKT1, TPT3, IL6, TNF, VEGFA, CASP3, MYC, EGFR, ESR1). The biological mechanisms examined in the GO of EPI/ICA for the treatment of osteonecrosis act primarily through the regulation of angiogenesis and the negative regulation of apoptotic processes, according to enrichment analysis of 45 important gene targets. The HIF-1 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and other signaling pathways were found to be primarily involved in the regulation of the EPI/ICA process in the therapy of bone discontinuity, according to KEGG analysis. Reactome enrichment analysis showed that the regulation of the EPI/ICA treatment of bone discontinuity mostly involves the regulation of inflammatory factors that are similar to interleukin and the body's autoimmune system. According to the results of molecular docking, ICA binds efficiently to the important target proteins of the HIF-1 signaling pathway, HIF-1A, VEGF, and IL-6. Further research revealed that ICA, the active ingredient in Epimedium, might increase the value-added differentiation of HUVECs, with the potential mechanism being angiogenesis via the HIF-1 signaling pathway.
Conclusion: This research revealed that EPI/ICA controls HIF-1A, VEGF, and IL-6, which are important HIF-1 signaling pathway target proteins, increases the value-added differentiation of HUVECs and angiogenesis, and offers a new approach for the treatment of bone discontinuity using EPI/ICA.
Discovery of a trace fossil containing the remains of miniscule squamates and the feathered arm of a tiny bird-like therapod
Authors: Smith John 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Micropaleontology is the study of microscopic fossils such as coccoliths, foraminifera, diatoms, radiolaria, and pollens. These diminutive fossils range in size from 0.001 to 1 mm and are the most abundant and ancient of Earth’s fossils1. I now report the finding of a colony of tiny squamates ranging in size from 0.13 to 10.0 mm (snout-to-vent length) on a Cretaceous period trace fossil from Hamblen County, Tennessee. The dorsal (older) surface contains the remains of a miniscule saurian neonate (prop. M. hamblensis) and three juvenile saurians undergoing body elongation and limb reduction, findings in keeping with a lizard-to-snake transformation2. The ventral surface contains the remains of a colony of tiny snakes including 4 birthing rookeries with egg embryos. Also found is the feathered arm of a tiny bird-like therapod.
A Comparison of Conventional and Accelerated Corneal Crosslinking: Corneal Epithelial Remodeling and In Vivo Confocal Microscopy Analysis
Authors: Hacıağaoğlu Sezer , Turhan Semra Akkaya , Toker Ebru 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the effect of conventional and accelerated corneal crosslinking (CXL) on visual acuity, corneal topography, corneal epithelial thickness, and subbasal nerve morphology in progressive keratoconus patients.
Methods
In this prospective and randomized study, twenty eyes of 20 patients were treated with conventional CXL (3mW/cm2, 30 minutes, C-CXL) and 19 eyes of 19 patients were treated with accelerated CXL (9 mW/cm2, 10 minutes, A-CXL). The spherical equivalent (SE), uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), keratometric measurements, demarcation line measurement and epithelial thickness mapping analyses, and subbasal nerve morphology with in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCCM) were evaluated at baseline and at postoperative months 1, 3 and 6.
Results
At postoperative 6 months, a significant improvement was observed in all keratometric values in both treatment groups (p < 0.05). All epithelial thickness indices, except central, temporal, and inferotemporal thickness, were reduced at 1 month postoperatively in both treatment groups. The epithelial map uniformity indices (standard deviation and difference between min-max thickness) were significantly lower than the baseline values at all time points after CXL in both treatment groups (p < 0.001). Compared with the preoperative values, there was a significant decrease in all IVCCM parameters at 1 month postoperatively (p < 0.05). At 6 months postoperatively, corneal nerve fiber density and corneal nerve branch density recovered to preoperative values in the A-CXL group, whereas corneal nerve regeneration was not complete in the C-CXL group.
Conclusion
Both conventional and accelerated CXL treatments appear to be effective in halting the progression of KC. Corneal epithelial irregularity slightly improves after CXL. The regeneration of subbasal nerves is faster after A- CXL treatment.
Expression of Galecitn-9 in colorectal cancer and its clinical significance
Authors: shao wenzhe , sun qiannan , sun guowei , fu yayan , ma yue , ren jun , wang daorong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a crucial health-threatening problem. In recent years, the treatment of colorectal cancer has continued improved and update. But the prognosis of advanced colorectal cancer is still disappointing. Galecitn-9 is a member of the galectin family which has been verified to have multiple biological regulatory functions. Our team has been studying the clinical application of the galectin family in gastric and colorectal cancer. However, we do not yet unveil the correlation between Galecitn-9 and colorectal cancer. This study aimed to elucidate the expression of Galecitn-9 in colorectal cancer and the effect of Galecitn-9 on colorectal cancer proliferation, migration and invasion.