bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective analysis of causes of death in severe PIH, Preeclampsia & Eclampsia cases in a tertiary medical care centre from January 2015 to December 2016
Authors: Misra Malabika , Sarkar Chaitali , Roychowdhury Ranita 
Published: April 2023

: PIH, preeclampsia and eclampsia cases are one of the leading cause of maternal death especially in underdeveloped countries. Substandard maternity care is thought to be the reason behind it. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy is a multi-organ involving disease of unknown etiology. Early detection, timely intervention, strict vigilance and intensive monitoring is needed to prevent maternal mortality and morbidity.: Our aim was to detect the cause of death among pregnant women admitted with hypertensive disorders so that measures can be taken to improve the maternity service.: It was a Retrospective analytical study of causes of maternal death among hypertensive disorders in pregnancy cases admitted in our institution from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2016.Data were collected from case sheets, death certificates and review report on maternal death cases and were analysed and presented. It was found that pulmonary oedema was the most common (75%) cause of maternal death in PIH cases. Improper antepartum care and delay in seeking medical help, moreover, lack of proper utilization of maternity services was the main cause behind the high maternal mortality in PIH cases (89.6%).: Substandard maternity care was found to be responsible for so high maternal death in PIH cases. This result was similar to the other studies in this context. These deaths are preventable to a large extent.
Significance of serum copper zinc ratio in smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Rohilkhand region
Authors: Sumeru Samanta , Ranadip Mukherjee , Joshi Basant , Trivedi Tanushree , Sharma Ashish 
Published: April 2023

Tuberculosis being a highly contagious chronic pulmonary and systemic disease is explicit cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is a direct relationship between zinc and copper in maturation of immunity, Cu/Zn ratio in serum serves to assess levels of oxidative stress in infectious diseases and thus could be used as a diagnostic tool in early diagnosis of smear negative tuberculosis. To study and evaluate significance of serum Cu and Zn concentration and Cu/Zn ratio in smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients in comparison to apparently healthy controls. Observational case control study was carried out on patients attending IPD and OPD, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, RMCH. Fifty cases of smear negative PTB patients(group A) was taken and compared with fifty age and sex matched apparently healthy controls(group B). Serum Cu and Zn were estimated in both groups by colorimetric method using EM Chem5Plus V2 Semi autoanalyzer. Data is presented as mean ± SD. Comparison of serum levels of the parameters between the two groups was performed by Student’s‘t’ test. The p value &#60;0.05 was considered as statistically significant. We found serum Zinc to be significantly lower in group I than group II(p&#60;0.00), serum Copper & Cu/Zn ratio to be significantly higher in group I than II(p&#60;0.00). The results suggests that early estimation of serum Cu, Zn & Cu/Zn ratio serves as useful diagnostic marker for smear negative pulmonary TB cases though more extensive multicentric study will provide more insights.
Phenotypic characterization and antibiotic suceptibility patterns of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Jain Vikas , Jain Swati 
Published: April 2023

The rise of Enterobacteriaceae strains that produce an extended spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) has become a global concern for epidemiological surveillance and the prevention of nosocomial acquired infections in the modern era. The choice of appropriate antibiotics to be employed in the treatment of infections brought on by ESBL-producing bacteria relies greatly on the detection and identification of these ESBLs in the laboratory. Limitations in ESBL detection have aided in the unbridled emergence of bacterial resistance and constitute a major health concern. Isolation and identification of ESBL among Enterobacteriaceae by phenotypic methodswith their Antibiogram.Phenotypic techniques were used to identify ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBLs-E) isolates from diverse clinical samples. Kirby Baur disc diffusion technique was performed to determine antimicrobial's susceptibility.Among 212 Enterobacteriaceae isolates 124(58.3%) were positive for ESBL production. E.coli(74.5%) & K.pneumoniae (52.2%) two main isolates that produce ESBLs. Maximum ESBL producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates were obtained from blood samples 82% (41/50) followed by urine 59 % (62/105). Meropenem (96.7%), Amikacin (82.1%), and Cefoxitin were most susceptible antibiotics for ESBL-producing isolates while high resistance was observed in ceftazidime (62%), followed by Ciprofloxacin (60%). The majority of ESBLs-E was mostly found in urine and blood samples.It was observed that E.coli produced the most ESBLs. There was a high prevalence of ESBLs-E in tertiary care hospital of central India. Therefore, strong infection control strategies must be implemented in hospital settings
Latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap for cover of post mastectomy defects: Experience of a single surgeon in regional cancer centre Telangana, India
Authors: Gurram Rangaswamy , Bora Akshay Kantilal , Khan Temoor Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

The majority of oncological operations for breast tumors need substantial excision of locally advanced breast tumors, as well as high volume flaps for defect repair. The function of the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap (LDMF) in oncoplastic replenishment of major soft tissue lesions involving the breast, as well as the rate of success and complications of the flap, were investigated in this series. all patients in this study were operated by single faculty at a regional cancer centre in Telangana, India. During the period from 2018- may, to 2020 December. This series includes 33 cases of LDMF repair done at our center. The patients ranged in age from 30 to 70 years old, with a 6-month follow-up period. The main problem was immediately repaired in all of the patients. In our group of 33 patients, the flap had healed mainly without flap congestion in 27 of them. Wound infection with skin bride necrosis in one patient, flap marginal necrosis in four cases, and seroma development at the defect location in four patients were all mild postoperative problems. In autologous reconstruction, LDMF can offer tissue volume as well as a stable vascular pedicle. When compared to the TRAM flap, DIEP flap, and other breast reconstructive methods, the percentage of postoperative problems is acceptable. LDMF should be used more frequently since it is a technically simple technique that gives appropriate coverage of a wide range of abnormalities, acceptable aesthetic results, and few postoperative problems.
Histopathological study of neuroepithelial tumors of central nervous system
Authors: Reddy Sama Snehaja , Dinusha Pakam , Sai Viswanath , Kumar V.Krishna , Reddy G. Mahender 
Published: April 2023

Central nervous system tumours have diverse histomorphological appearances. Accurate characterization of space-occupying lesions by histology is important for appropriate treatment. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the histomorphological patterns of the neuroepithelial tumors of central nervous system in order to provide accurate pre-therapeutic neuro-anatomic data and to facilitate better therapeutic results after surgery.To study the spectrum of neuroepithelial tumors presenting as space occupying lesions in the central nervous system.This was a prospective study carried out in the department of Pathology at Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences over a two year period. Histopathological study of tissue specimens from neuroepithelial tumors from CNS was done. The tissue specimens were analysed for type of tumour, tumour grade and their distribution according to age, gender and topographic location. A total of 231 neoplastic space occupying lesions were studied of which neuro-epithelial tumours comprised 96 (41.5%) cases. The patient age for neruepithelial tumors ranged from 2 years to 78 years and the male to female ratio was 1.2:1. Astrocytomas were the most frequent (75%), followed by oligodendrogliomas (8.3%), oligoastrocytomas and ependymal tumours. Astrocytoma, grade IV was most common and affected the fifth decade more commonly. Astrocytomas commonly affect the frontal, temporal and parietal regions. Histopathological examination is mandatory for all space occupying lesions of CNS for correct categorization and grading of tumors. Astrocytomas are the most common of all neuroepithelial tumors. Grade IV astrocytomas most commonly affect men in fifth decade.
Anemia in pregnancy: A case control study from India
Authors: Bhalerao Muktpal Marotrao , Vikhe Balasaheb B , Sanap Amol D , Vikhe Rahul B 
Published: April 2023

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in pregnancy hemoglobin (Hb) less than 11gm/dL refers to be anemia. Anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency affecting the pregnant women. In India prevalence of anemia in pregnant woman is about 65% to 75%. Anemia during pregnancy causes negative and harmful effects on mother as well as on child. Anemia increases the risk of maternal and perinatal mortality. India had the highest prevalence of anemia in pregnancy. The Highest number of anemic pregnant women in the world are in India. So the present study was planned with aim to study the anemia in pregnant women. The present case-control study was carried out in Department of Physiology at Rural Medical College Loni in Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra. The study was approved by Institutional Ethical Committee. Total 644 subjects were recruited for the study. 161 non-pregnant women were taken as control and 483 pregnant women were taken as the cases. Hemoglobin measurements of the pregnant woman was done by Sahali’s method. Hb concentration of &#60;11 gm/dL taken as anemia. The prevalence of anemia in pregnant and non-pregnant women were 62.93% and 82.60% respectively. Pregnant as well as non-pregnant women in India are at high risk of developing anemia. The various national programmes aimed at prevention of anemia reduced the prevalence as well as severity of anemia during pregnancy.
Outcome of normal saline versus collagen dressing in management of diabetic foot ulcer – A comparative study
Authors: A Ramesh. , Rajendran G. , D Uma. , Venkatesh Prasanna 
Published: April 2023

: Diabetic Foot ulcer is a major disease-causing disability to many patients around the world. Treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), which is the most common reason for lower-extremity amputation, remains a serious healthcare problem. : To compare the normal saline dressing with collagen dressing in diabetic foot ulcer treatment. : This comparative study was conducted on 100 patients, randomised into 50 patients in each group, Normal saline dressing and Collage dressing. The ulcer was evaluated after every 3 days to reduce the size, formation of granulation tissue and epithelisation until the ulcer healed completely or up to 8 weeks, whichever is earlier.: In both, groups male patients were more than female, i.e. CG group with 60% and NS group with 66%. The mean wound size was 47.93 cm for CG and 45.45 cmfor the NS group. The mean percentage improvement of ulcer size (73.43% VS 54.50% in 5 week), presence of granulation tissue (90% VS 0% patients in1 week) and presence of epithelial tissue (74% VS 4% patients in 1 week) were significantly better in CG than in NS group.: From the above study, the collagen dressing is superior compared to normal saline dressing in management of diabetic foot ulcers.
Study of assessing diagnostic efficacy of squash smear technique and frozen section by comparing with histopathology in CNS lesions, with special reference to IHC
Authors: Reddy Sama Snehaja , Dinusha Pakam , Thejaswini Vallapureddy , Kumar V. Ananta Kiran , Reddy A. Janakiram 
Published: April 2023

Central nervous system (CNS) squash cytology (CSC) has established itself as a technically simple, rapid, inexpensive, fairly accurate, and dependable intraoperative diagnostic tool. It helps neurosurgeons immensely when management is dependent on it.: To asses the efficacy of squash cytology in the intraoperative diagnosis of CNS lesions by comparing with histopathological diagnosis. The present study is a prospective study done for one and a half year includes 43 patients who presented to the department of neurosurgery with complaints of a headache, backache, epilepsy and radiologically diagnosed to have a space occupying lesion. Only the cases where either squash cytology or frozen section was performed were included in the study. : In the present study, it is observed as Out of 43 cases, squash cytology is performed in 42 cases in which histopathological diagnosis is correlated in 36 cases with a diagnostic accuracy of 85.7%. The diagnostic accuracy of squash cytology in common CNS tumors gliomas and meningiomas was 92.8% and 100% respectively. Out of the 43 cases, the frozen section is performed in 42 cases of which histopathological diagnosis is correlated in 37 cases with a diagnostic accuracy of 87%. The diagnostic accuracy of frozen section in common CNS tumors gliomas and meningiomas was 85.7% and 100% respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of frozen section in the identification of tumor was 94.7% and 100%. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the frozen section in the identification of the neoplastic lesion was 100% and 66.6% respectively.Squash cytology and frozen section are preliminary diagnostic methods, which should always be followed by a definitive histopathological diagnosis.
Interesting case series on distinct histopathological findings of six cases of epididymo-orchitis
Authors: Jaju Nikita , Sangeetha Shubha , Garg Prakhar , Y A Manjunatha 
Published: April 2023

Several clinicopathological illnesses impact the testis and paratesticular area, which are divided into non-neoplastic and neoplastic diseases. Despite the availability of imaging and tumor marker testing, histopathological examination is the primary method for diagnosing testicular lesions. Common indications of orchidectomy for non-neoplastic lesions are cryptorchidism, epididymitis and testicular torsion. Few non- neoplastic lesions present as mimickers of neoplasm with commonest being granulomatous orchitis and AFB positivity detected only in 2.1% of cases with bilateral presentation being rarest. We report here a series of six cases of epididymo-orchitis to discuss the histopathological spectrum with varied etiologies. Age of the patients ranged between 33-65yr old males. Amongst six cases, two of them were clinically and radiologically suspected as neoplastic lesions, which were histopathologically diagnosed as granulomatous epididymo-orchitis with one among it showing strong positivity for AFB, and two cases as testicular torsion with orchitis and one of the case was diagnosed as cryptorchid testis with foci of atypical germ cell and last case was reported as mild non-specific orchitis, for surgical castration. In this study, we also noted unilateral presentation being the commonest, specifically of Right side. Knowledge of histopathological spectrum of epididymo-orchitis is of prime importance to detect underlying specific etiology for targeted therapy and prevent undue orchidectomy.In this study, two cases which were clinically suspected as neoplastic lesions, were confirmed as granulomatous epididymo-orchitis on histopathological examination with one case showing strong AFB positivity.In this study, we noted late presentation (5th decade) of cryptorchidism with some atypical germ cells which are forerunner of malignancy.
DEVELOPMENT OF CONDUCTOMETRIC ARGININE-SENSITIVE BIOSENSOR BASED ON ARGININE DEIMINASE
Authors: Berketa K. O. , Saiapina O. Y. , Fayura L. R. , Sibirny A. A. , Dzyadevych S. V. , Soldatkin O. O. 
Published: April 2023

An arginine-sensitive conductometric biosensor was developed. Two pairs of gold interdigitated electrodes deposited on the ceramic substrate were used as a conductometric transducer. Arginine deiminase was used to create a bioselective membrane. The enzyme was immobilized on the sensitive surface of one pair of electrodes of the conductometric transducer by covalent crosslinking with glutaraldehyde; a reference membrane based on bovine serum albumin was deposited on the second pair of electrodes.
The optimal conditions of enzyme immobilization (enzyme concentration, duration and method of immobilization) were determined. The influence of solution parameters (ionic strength, buffer capacity, pH and protein concentration) on the operation of the developed biosensor was studied as well as stability of its functioning and storage. The iosensor selectivity and main analytical characteristics detection limit, linear and dynamic ranges of the iosensor operation etc.) were investigated. The proposed biosensor was shown to be promising for the quantitative determination of arginine content in real samples.
Sleep reactivity to stress and insomnia: sleep measures and molecular markers
Authors: Gordeev A. D. , Bochkarev M. V. , Korostovtseva L. S. , Zabroda E. N. , Amelina V. V. , Osipenko S. I. , Sviryaev Yu. V. , Alekhin A. N. 
Published: April 2023

Objective. To identify objective measures of sleep and molecular markers of sleep reactivity to stress to determine its role for insomnia prevention and management. Design and methods. The sample included 42 subjects with sleep disturbances and 23 subjects without sleep-related complaints (control group) aged 18 to 72 years. Altogether there are 19 men and 55 women. Nine participants were excluded from the study. Sleep reactivity to stress was assessed using the Ford Insomnia Response to Stress Test (FIRST) questionnaire. The Integrative Anxiety Test was used to screen for anxiety. Sleep indices were assessed by polysomnography (PSG). Blood plasma samples were collected in the morning after PSG to determine brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and 24-hour urine was collected one week after PSG to assess metanephrine levels. Results. There were 64 % healthy subjects with low sleep reactivity to stress and low anxiety and 79 % subjects showed insomnia among persons with high sleep reactivity and anxiety. Significant differences in PSG measures were found in groups with low and high sleep reactivity: the efficiency of sleep and the percentage of the second stage of NREM sleep were higher in group with low reactivity, also sleep latency and wake time after sleep onset were lower in group with high reactivity. In addition, serum BDNF level was significantly higher in group with low reactivity, and it correlates positively with daily urinary metanephrine excretion and the absolute duration of stage N3 and negatively with sleep latency. Conclusions. Subjects with high reactivity to stress have lower sleep quality and depth that corresponds to other studies. The level of BDNF is a possible marker of sleep reactivity to stress and it can indicate the potential adaptation to stress.
The problem of hyperuricemia in the hypertensive population of the Nizhny Novgorod region
Authors: Borovkova N. Yu. , Kurashin V. K. , Tokareva A. S. , Krisanova K. I. , Savitskaya N. N. , Pershina N. K. , Makarova E. V. , Nekrasov A. A. , Doyutova M. V. , Zelyaeva N. V. , Mazhara R. A. 
Published: April 2023

Objective. To assess the prevalence of hypertension (HTN) in the population of the Nizhny Novgorod region and its relationship with hyperuricemia (HU) and other cardiovascular risk factors. Design and methods. We examined 2501 people aged 35–74 in the population of the Nizhny Novgorod region, selected by the stratified multi-stage random sample. All respondents underwent a laboratory study of the following parameters: total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides (TG), fasting glucose, creatinine, uric acid, highly sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) and fibrinogen. We also calculated body mass index (BMI), visceral obesity index with Amato formula and glomerular filtration rate with CKD-EPI formula. Binary logistic regression method was used to construct a predictive model for the risk of HTN. Statistical analysis was performed with IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software (USA). Results. HU was identified in 29,3 % of respondents with HTN. The mean uric acid level in this group was 345,1 [285,6; 410,55] µmol/l and significantly differed from the same indicator in residents without HTN — 297,5 [249,9; 351,1] µmol/L (p < 0,001). In the multiple logistic regression model, the most significant factors associated with HTN were age over 53 years (odds ratio (OR) 2,954, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 2,456-3,554 p < 0,001), abdominal obesity (OR 2,112, 95 % CI 1,663-2,730, p < 0,001) and HU (OR 1,709, 95 % CI 1,341–2,177, p < 0,001). A lesser contribution was made by such factors as the respondents’ BMI over 25 kg/m2 (OR 1,634, 95 % CI 1,262–2,117, p < 0,001), elevated TG level (OR 1,567, 95 % CI 1,289–1,906, p < 0,001), male gender (OR 1,553, 95 % CI 1,281–1,883, p < 0,001), elevated Hs-CRP (OR 1,498, 95 % CI 1,242–1,806, p < 0,001), elevated LDL (OR 1,277, 95 % CI 1,038–1,570, p = 0,020). Conclusions. The results of the study indicate the widespread prevalence of HU in residents of the Nizhny Novgorod region with HTN: almost every third (29,3 %) had this disorder. In a multiple logistic regression model, HU was found to be highly correlated with HTN (OR 1,709, 95 % CI 1,341–2,177, p < 0,001), along with traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as male gender, age, overweight and obesity, lipid metabolism disorders. The high frequency of HU, its independent correlation with HTN, and the prospects for urate-lowering therapy in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases determine the need for further research.
Estimation of metabolic burden within the concept of vascular ageing in hypertension (a study of the able-bodied population of a large industrial center)
Authors: Malinova L. I. , Dolotovskaya P. V. , Furman N. V. , Tolstov S. N. , Klochkov V. A. , Denisova T. P. 
Published: April 2023

The objective of the study was to assess the metabolic burden within the concept of vascular ageing in hypertension (HTN) based on the results the able-bodied population study of a large industrial center. Design and methods. A continuous non-randomized cross-sectional study was performed, it included the employees of two medium-sized industrial and commercial enterprises (n = 547). All subjects underwent a formalized medical questionnaire aimed at identifying cardiovascular risk factors, symptoms and signs of cardiovascular pathology, measuring blood pressure (BP), serum levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, creatinine and uric acid. Values for 10-year risk of fatal cardiovascular events, total cardiovascular risk, vascular age, and metabolic burden were calculated. Results. In the formed sample, the metabolic burden varied from 0.00 (0.00; 28.57) % in patients with low BP (without antihypertensive medication) to 42,86 (42,86; 57,14) % in patients with the 3rd degree HTN. Positive relationships were found between the magnitude of the metabolic burden, the level of systolic BP (R = 0,432; p < 0,01), diastolic BP (R = 0,360; p < 0,01), 10-year risk of fatal cardiovascular events (R = 0,777; p < 0,01) and total cardiovascular risk (R = 0,781; p < 0,01). Patients with HTN who achieved target BP differed from those with similar BP levels by higher metabolic burden values (p < 0,05). Conclusions. HTN is associated with an increase in metabolic burden, regardless of BP level achieved during treatment. Metabolic burden assessment may be useful in identifying potentially unfavorable HTN phenotypes.