bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of nutrition in minimizing mental and health-related issues during COVID-19: a systematic literature review
Authors: Sharma Luxita , Sharma Dhananjay 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study aims to conduct a systematic literature review to investigate the mental health problems during COVID-19 and the role of nutrition in minimizing mental and health-related issues during COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachA literature search was done electronically on April–May 2022 in the databases Google Scholar, PubMed and Cochrane Library, reviewing all the articles published in English. There were no limitations for the study (such as study design, region or any time frame). The quality assessment was done. The beginning database search picked out a total of 654 articles, 47 in PubMed, 575 in Google Scholar, 22 in Cochrane Library and 10 records from other sources. A total of 565 (duplicates found 89) were found after removing the duplicated articles, after reading the title and abstracts were further decreased to 88 full-text articles. These 88 studies went for full-text analysis, which excluded 56 studies and generated a final 32 articles for systemic analysis. The quality of the included study for the systematic review was assessed in two ways: one is evidence-based and another one on the JBI checklist.FindingsPeople in social isolation and home quarantine suffer from severe anxiety, stress, depression, loneliness, anger and panic attack. During COVID-19, the vital role of diet and nutrients in mental health has been acknowledged and helps mitigate COVID-19 infection. Many studies showed stress and anxiety due to increased unhealthy eating and lifestyle practices.Originality/valueThis review will explain the interlink between diet and mental health because what we eat and think is interconnected with the gut–brain axis. The dietary elements and psychobiotic help in improving the immune system and psychological distress during the pandemic. This paper describes the role of different nutrients, psychobiotics and phytochemicals, to minimize mental and health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper also contains a balanced diet plan to withstand COVID-19.
An experimental look at reasonable suspicion and police discretion
Authors: McLean Kyle , Nix Justin , Stoughton Seth W. , Adams Ian T. , Alpert Geoffrey P. 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study aims to demonstrate the need for further examination of legal judgments and the exercise of discretion in policing.Design/methodology/approachA factorial vignette survey with traffic stop scenarios based on US Court of Appeals decisions was administered to 396 police officers across six states. Officers were asked to indicate their assessment of the presence of reasonable suspicion and the likelihood that they would extend the stop for investigatory purposes.FindingsOfficers' reasonable suspicion judgments are significantly influenced by the vignette facts and align with court ruling expectations. However, even in the presence of reasonable suspicion, responses indicate a limited use of officer discretion to extend the stop.Originality/valueAnalyses of officer decision-making often rely on large datasets with easy indicators of location, officer demographics and citizen demographics, but rarely consider the facts of individual cases. This study suggests more experimental research is needed to consider the impact of case facts on officer judgments and discretionary activity.
The relationship between spirituality and mental health among police trainees
Authors: He Mu , Lu Jiahui , Chen Juliet Honglei , Tong Kwok Kit 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between spirituality, including religious spirituality (i.e. supernatural beliefs) and secular spirituality (i.e. social beliefs), and mental health among police trainees.Design/methodology/approachParticipants in this study were police trainees of a police academy. An online survey was conducted to measure spirituality and mental health among these police trainees. The association between spirituality and mental health was analyzed using hierarchical linear regression and hierarchical logistic regression with demographic variables (i.e. gender and age) controlled for.FindingsThe results revealed that the police trainees with stronger secular spirituality tended to have better general mental health. Higher levels of secular spirituality were significantly associated with lower levels of mental illness risk and suicidal ideation. By contrast, religious spirituality was not significantly related to police trainees' mental health.Originality/valueThe present study is the first to empirically investigate the relationship between spirituality and mental health among police trainees. The findings may be enlightening for future research on the mental health of police officers and trainees, and provide novel perspectives and pragmatic implications for the development of spirituality-based prevention strategies and intervention programs for enhancing the mental health and well-being of the police.
Corrosion inhibition of aluminium in 0.3 M HCl using starch mucor in potassium iodide as inhibitor
Authors: Ezeamaku Uchenna Luvia , Eze Innocent , Odimegwu Nkiru , Nwakaudu Angela , Okafor Amarachukwu , Onukwuli Okechukwu Dominic , Nnanwube Ikechukwu Abuchi 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate starch mucor (SM) in potassium iodide (KI) as corrosion inhibitor of aluminium in hydrochloric acid (HCl) medium.

Design/methodology/approach
The SM in KI was characterized by gravimetric, scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, potentiodynamic polarization and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer techniques. The inhibition efficiency was optimized using response surface methodology.

Findings
The result revealed that the inhibitor inhibited corrosion at a low concentration with the rate of inhibition increasing as the concentration of the inhibitor increased. The inhibition efficiency increases as the temperature was increased with slight incorporation of the inhibitor (SM in KI). This indicates that the corrosion control is both inhibitor (SM in KI) and temperature dependent.

Originality/value
The research results can provide the basis for using SM in KI as corrosion inhibitor of aluminium in HCL medium. Mixed-type inhibitor nature of SM was proved by cathodic and anodic nature of the polarization curves.
Reference in urban public libraries: current trends and future implications
Authors: Saunders Laura , Williams Rachel , Galarneau Genevieve , Gifford Gianna C. 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to get a baseline understanding of the state of reference services in urban public libraries in the United States.Design/methodology/approachThe researchers surveyed all members of the Urban Libraries Council, a network of public library systems in urban centers across the country. The survey asked about their reference services, including how reference is offered, volume and types of questions and staff responsibilities. Participants were also asked how reference has changed in the past 5–10 years and what changes they anticipate in the future.FindingsThis study found that the vast majority of urban public libraries still maintain a physical reference desk, but most also offer reference services in other formats as well. Most libraries have seen numbers of reference questions decline. Reference staff members are engaged in instruction, programming and community outreach as well. Looking ahead, some libraries expect reference questions to continue to decline and demand for virtual services to increase.Practical implicationsDirectors and reference staff of public libraries, especially those in urban and suburban settings, will find these results useful for benchmarking against their own experiences and for planning for future changes.Originality/valueWhile discussions of changes in reference service and volumes of reference questions are plentiful, as are predictions of how these declines will impact reference services, there is little current research on the actual state of those services. This study fills a gap in the literature by providing a baseline overview of the reference services in urban public libraries.
Analog-to-digital converters: a review of existing architectures and a new proposal for high resolution sensors
Authors: Bashir Saima , Hakim Najeeb-ud-din , Rather G.M. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
As technology advances the demand for an analog-to digital converter has increased, as every application demands a converter as per its parameters. Currently, work is done on improvement of data converters at three levels of design – architectural, circuit and physical level. This paper aims to review the work done in the field of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) at architectural and circuit level and discusses the achievements in this field. Furthermore, a new architecture is proposed, which works at higher resolution and provides optimum design parameters at low power consumption.

Design/methodology/approach
A hybrid architecture combining the features of synthetic approximation register and sigma-delta ADC is presented. The validity of the proposed design at architectural level is verified using MATLAB SIMULINK simulations.

Findings
The design simulation was tested for a sinusoidal wave of 1 V at the test frequency of 60 Hz. The design consumes least power, and is found to yield an error of the order less than 10–3 V, thus providing highly accurate digital output.

Originality/value
The design is applicable in many applications including biomedical systems, Internet-of-Things and earthquake engineering. This architecture can be further optimized to obtain better performance parameters.
Do bone elasticity and postmortem interval affect forensic fractographic analyses?
Authors: Skinner Jessica , Langley Natalie , Joseph Malin , Herrick James , Brown Robert , Waletzki Brian , Goguen Peter , Shyamsunder Loukham , Rajan Subramaniam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractForensic fractographic features of bone reliably establish crack propagation in perimortem injuries. We investigated if similar fracture surface features characterize postmortem fractures. Experimentally induced peri‐ and postmortem fractures were used to assess if fractographic features vary as bone elasticity decreases during the postmortem interval (PMI). Thirty‐seven unembalmed, defleshed human femoral shafts from males and females aged 33–81 years were fractured at varying PMIs with a drop test frame using a three‐point bending setup and recorded with a high‐speed camera. Vital statistics, cause of death, PMI length, temperature, humidity, collagen percentage, water loss, fracture energy, and fractography scores were recorded for each sample. Results showed that fractographic features associated with perimortem fractures were expressed in PMIs up to 40,600 accumulated degree hours (ADH), or 60 warm weather days. Hackle was the most consistently expressed feature, occurring in all fractures regardless of ADH. The most variable characteristics were wake features (78.4%) and arrest ridges (70.3%). Collagen percentage did not correlate strongly with ADH (r = −0.04, p = 0.81); however, there was a strong significant correlation between ADH and water loss (r = 0.74, p < 0.001). Multinomial logistic regression showed no association between fractographic feature expression and ADH or collagen percentage. In conclusion, forensic fractographic features reliably determine initiation and directionality of crack propagation in experimentally induced PMIs up to 40,600 ADH, demonstrating the utility of this method into the recent postmortem interval. This expression of reliable fractographic features throughout the early PMI intimates these characteristics may not be useful standalone features for discerning peri‐ versus postmortem fractures.
Clinical impact of a novel lipoprotein apheresis treatment on no‐option chronic limb‐threatening ischemia: Result from the REDUCTION VISCOSITY study
Authors: Kojima Shunsuke , Nakama Tatsuya , Suzuki Toshihiko , Obunai Kotaro , Watanabe Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionLipoprotein apheresis (LA) is a possible adjunct treatment for no‐option chronic limb‐threatening ischemia (CLTI). This study aimed to assess the impact of a novel LA for no‐option CLTI.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed 19 patients with no‐option CLTI treated using the novel LA. The primary outcome was a change in the skin perfusion pressure (SPP) after treatment with LA, and the secondary outcomes were changes in the viscosity‐related laboratory parameters.ResultsThe wound‐healing rate was 68.4%. The SPP at 2–3 weeks after series of LA were significantly higher both in the dorsal (41 vs. 53 mmHg, p = 0.037) and plantar (50.0 vs. 61.0 mmHg, p = 0.018) sides, compared to those at baseline. The viscosity‐related laboratory markers were also significantly improved after the treatment; low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (57.0 vs. 43.0 mg/dL, p = 0.002), fibrinogen (333 vs. 258 mg/dL, p < 0.001), and C‐reactive protein (0.99 vs. 0.42 mg/dL, p = 0.001).ConclusionThe novel LA significantly increased the SPP and improved relevant laboratory findings.
Impact of COVID‐19 on maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients and providers: A review
Authors: Painter David F. , Vogt Braden , Lokhande Anagha , Berreta Rodrigo Saad , Shah Ankur D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic exerted complex pressures on the nephrology community. Despite multiple prior reviews on acute peritoneal dialysis during the pandemic, the effects of COVID‐19 on maintenance peritoneal dialysis patients remain underexamined. This review synthesizes and reports findings from 29 total cases of chronic peritoneal dialysis patients with COVID‐19, encompassing 3 case reports, 13 case series, and 13 cohort studies. When available, data for patients with COVID‐19 on maintenance hemodialysis are also discussed. Finally, we present a chronological timeline of evidence regarding the presence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in spent peritoneal dialysate and explore trends in telehealth as they relate to peritoneal dialysis patients during the pandemic. We conclude that the COVID‐19 pandemic has underscored the efficacy, flexibility, and utility of peritoneal dialysis.
CAGE‐B and SAGE‐B models better predict the hepatitis B virus‐related hepatocellular carcinoma after 5‐year entecavir treatment than PAGE‐B
Authors: Chon Hye Yeon , Lee Han Ah , Park Soo Young , Seo Yeon Seok , Kim Sang Gyune , Lee Chang Hun , Lee Tae Hee , Ahn Sang Hoon , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun , Yip Terry Cheuk‐Fung , Liang Lilian Yan , Kim In Hee , Wong Grace Lai‐Hung , Kim Seung Up 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesThe PAGE‐B model consists of variables at the initiation of antiviral therapy (AVT), whereas the SAGE‐B and CAGE‐B models consist of variables after 5 years of AVT. We aimed to compare the predictive accuracy of three risk prediction models for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development after 5 years of AVT in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).MethodsA total of 1335 patients who initiated entecavir (ETV) treatment between 2006 and 2011 and were followed up for more than 5 years were enrolled in the study.ResultsAt ETV initiation, the median age was 49 years and the median score of the PAGE‐B model was 14. After 5 years of ETV treatment, the median SAGE‐B and CAGE‐B scores were 6 and 6. During the study period, 93 (7.0%) patients developed HCC after 5‐year treatment. In multivariate analysis, PAGE‐B (hazard ratio [HR] 1.151, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.087–1.219), SAGE‐B (HR 1.340, 95% CI 1.228–1.463), and CAGE‐B (HR 1.327, 95% CI 1.223–1.440) models independently predicted HCC development after 5 years of treatment (all P < 0.001). The high‐risk groups of the three risk prediction models showed a significantly higher risk of HCC development compared to the medium‐ and low‐risk groups (both P < 0.05). The AUROC of the SAGE‐B (0.772–0.844) and CAGE‐B (0.785–0.838) models was significantly higher than those of the PAGE‐B model (0.696–0.745) in predicting HCC development after 5 years of treatment (both P < 0.05).ConclusionThe SAGE‐B and CAGE‐B models might be better than the PAGE‐B model in predicting HCC development after 5 years of ETV treatment.
Sexual activity satisfaction in symptomatic hip osteoarthritis patients: A cross‐sectional, national web‐based study
Authors: Fu Kai , Zhang Di , Metcalf Ben R. , Bennell Kim L. , Zhang Yuqing , Oo Win Min , Deveza Leticia A. , Robbins Sarah R. , Zhang Changqing , Arden Nigel , Hunter David J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimDespite high‐interest rates in sex in people with hip osteoarthritis (OA), clinicians tend not to address sexual issues, especially in older adults. The objective of this study is to evaluate sexual activity and factors associated with sexual activity satisfaction in people with symptomatic hip OA.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among 252 participants with symptomatic hip OA in Australia. Quality of sex life was assessed using the online composite of sexual activities and positions questionnaires. A Poisson model with robust variance was used to calculate the prevalence ratio (PR). Factors that showed a univariate association with sexual satisfaction were then included in a multivariable model. PR with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported.ResultsAmong the 282 participants registered on the study website, 252 met the inclusion criteria, and 60.3% (152/252) completed the sexual activity questionnaires. Hip OA interfered with sexual activity in 70.0% of the participants. High confidence in completing sexual activity (PR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.77) was associated with an increased prevalence ratio of sexual satisfaction. High anxiety, depression or stress during sexual activity (PR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.60) was associated with an increased prevalence ratio of sexual dissatisfaction after adjusting for hip pain level and perceived partner's orgasm.ConclusionAlthough a large proportion of people with hip OA remain sexually active, a substantial proportion of persons are dissatisfied with their sexual activity. Hip OA interfered with sexual activity in most participants. Psychological factors were found to be associated with sexual activity satisfaction.
Tracing microbial communities associated with archaeological human samples in Latvia, 7–11th centuries AD
Authors: Ķimsis Jānis , Pokšāne Alise , Kazarina Alisa , Vilcāne Antonija , Petersone‐Gordina Elina , Zayakin Pawel , Gerhards Guntis , Ranka Renate 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the grave environment, microorganisms are major ecological participants in the successional decomposition of vertebrates and could infiltrate the skeleton/skeletal material during taphonomic processes. The diversity of archaeological skeleton‐associated microbial assemblages and the impact of various factors are poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the taxonomic microbial composition of archaeological human bone and teeth samples from the 7th to 11th centuries AD from two burial sites in Latvia. Samples were analysed by a shotgun metagenomics‐based approach. The results showed a strong presence of the environmental DNA in the samples, and variability in microbial community structure between individual samples. Differences in microbial composition were observed between bone and tooth samples, as well as between different burial sites. Furthermore, the presence of endogenous ancient DNA (aDNA) in tooth samples was detected. Overall, compositions of microbial communities associated with archaeological human remains in Latvia dated 7–11th century AD were influenced by the sample type and burial location. These findings indicate that, while the content of historical DNA in archaeological samples is low, the comparison of archaeological skeleton‐associated microbial assemblages across time and space, along with aDNA damage profile analysis, is important and could help to reveal putative ancient microorganisms.
The kinesin light chain‐2, a target of mRNA stabilizing protein HuR, inhibits p53 protein phosphorylation to promote radioresistance in NSCLC
Authors: Qiao Simiao , Jiang Yuhang , Li Na , Zhu Xiaoxia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRadioresistance hinders radiotherapy for the treatment of lung cancer. Kinesin light chain‐2 (KLC2) has been found to be upregulated in lung cancer and also to be associated with poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of KLC2 on radiosensitivity in lung cancer.MethodsThe radioresistant role of KLC2 was determined by colony formation, neutral comet assay, and γH2AX immunofluorescent staining assay. We further verified the function of KLC2 in a xenograft tumor model. The downstream of KLC2 was identified through gene set enrichment analysis and validated by western blot. Finally, we analyzed clinical data from the TCGA database to reveal the upstream transcription factor of KLC2, which was validated by RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assay.ResultsHere, we found that downregulation of KLC2 could significantly reduce colony formation, increase γH2AX level, and double‐stranded DNA breaks in vitro. Meanwhile, overexpressed KLC2 significantly increased the proportion of the S phase in lung cancer cells. KLC2 knockdown could activate P53 pathway, and ultimately promoting radiosensitivity. The mRNA of KLC2 was observed to bind with Hu‐antigen R (HuR). The mRNA and protein expression of KLC2 in lung cancer cells was significantly reduced when combined with siRNA‐HuR. Interestingly, KLC2 overexpression significantly increased the expression of HuR in lung cancer cells.ConclusionTaken together, these results indicated that HuR‐KLC2 forms a positive feedback loop, which decreases the phosphorylation of p53 and thereby weaken the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells. Our findings highlight the potential prognosis and therapeutic target value of KLC2 in lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy.