bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stalling of Contraceptive Prevalence Rate and Method mix trend in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Yared 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The modern Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (mCPR) in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, increased substantially over the past two decades; however, recent data suggest an unusual reversal trend that merits investigation. This study therefore aims to establish and characterize the trend in mCPR and method mix in Addis Ababa and also examine the causes for the recent trend. Overall and stratified trend analyses were performed using pooled data gathered in the four rounds (2000–2016) of the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) with more emphasis to the last two surveys (2011 and 2016). We employed the Oaxaca-Blinder method to disentangle the difference in contraceptive use between 2011 and 2016 that was due to changes in the composition (endowments) of the female population, in their contraceptive behavior (coefficients) and the contributions of both (interaction). The modern contraceptive prevalence rate (mCPR) increased steadily from 34.2% in 2000 to 45.3% in 2005 and 56.3% in 2011, but declined to 50% by 2016. The decomposition analysis suggests that the recent decline in mCPR occurred predominantly due to differences in the composition of the female population between the year 2011 and 2016 in terms of their age, education and spousal living arrangements. These differences might be caused by recent migration, possible data anomaly or a combination of the two. The same analysis also revealed the lack of significant changes in coefficients effects, i.e. in women’s receptivity to contraception, to cause the decline in mCPR. Indeed, this was corroborated by the stratified trends analyses that divulged recent stalling of mCPR for women in different categories of women’s age, number of children ever born, education and religion. With an unmet need of 9%, the demand for family planning estimated at 65% for any method and 59% for modern method mean that a further increase of mCPR in Addis Ababa is plausible. There has been a substantial shift to use of long-term method, especially Norplant/implants and IUDs between 2011 and 2016. Notably, over 85% of the methods reported in 2016 comprised four methods, namely, Injectables, Norplant/Implants, IUDs and pills. In conclusion, contraceptive use stalling is a plausible characterization of the recent trend in mCPR in Addis Ababa. This stalling has occurred during the upward trajectory and before the potential ceiling level for mCPR has reached. Revitalizing the upward trend requires tapping into the unmet need for family planning, creating new demand, further expanding method mix and focusing on women with low demand for family planning. Finally, efforts to track progress in mCPR in Addis Ababa should be cognizant of the changing socio-demographic composition of the female population for better interpretation of trends.
The Solutions to Some Dual Matrix Equations
Authors: Fan Ranran , Zeng Min , Yuan Yongxin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The solvability conditions for the dual matrix equation AXB = D, a pair of dual matrix equations AX = B, XC = D and the dual matrix equation AX +YB = D are established by using the generalized inverses and the singular value decompositions of some real matrices, and the expressions of the general solutions to these dual matrix equations are presented. Finally, a numerical experiment is given to validate the accuracy of our result.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 15A24; 15B99
The Rate of Asymptomatic Throat Carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes and its Associated Risk Factors among Medical Students of Queen Arwa University in Sana’a City, Yemen
Authors: Al-Aomary Nasser Mohammad , Edrees Wadhah Hassan , Al-Ofair Bashir Ahmed , Alrahabi Lutf Mohammed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Throat carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes could play a crucial role in the transmission of infection to households and community settings. In Yemen, there is no information about S. pyogenes throat carriage among university students.Aim This study aimed for finding out the rate of asymptomatic throat carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes and its associated risk factors among medical students of Queen Arwa University in Sana’a City, Yemen.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at Queen Arwa, between December 2022 to April 2023. A total of 300 throat swabs were randomly collected from medical university students. Streptococcus pyogenes were isolated and identified by using standard bacteriological procedures. Also, the required data were obtained by using the designed questionnaire.Results Out of 300 specimens, 5(1.7%) were positive for S. pyogenes throat carriage. The high rate of S. pyogenes was among females (2%), age group of 25–30 years (8.3%), dental students (3.9%), and who studied at the third level (3.7%). Also, the high rate of the carriage was whose fathers’ are the trading field (3.7%) and mothers as housewives (2%), whose fathers and mothers’ held a university certificate (2.9%) and primary school (6.5%), respectively, with a low income (12.5%), none of their families has a sore throat (2.1%), and a history of hospitalization (3.2%).Conclusion There was a relatively low rate of S. pyogenes throat carriage in healthy medical students compared with international investigations. Standard precautions such as adequate hand and respiratory hygiene and avoiding overcrowded settings are used to prevent and control transmission of GAS infection.
Quantification of human mature frataxin protein expression in nonhuman primate hearts after gene therapy
Authors: Blair Ian , Rojsajjakul Teerapat , Hordeaux Juliette , Chaudhary Gourav , Hinderer Christian , Mesaros Clementina , Wilson James 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Deficiency in human mature frataxin (hFXN-M) protein is responsible for the devastating neurodegenerative and cardiodegenerative disease of Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA). It results primarily by epigenetic silencing the FXN gene due to up to 1400 GAA triplet repeats in intron 1 of both alleles of the gene; a subset of approximately 3% of FRDA patients have a mutation on one allele. FRDA patients die most commonly in their 30s from heart disease. Therefore, increasing expression of heart hFXN-M using gene therapy offers a way to prevent early mortality in FRDA. We used rhesus macaque monkeys to test the pharmacology of an adeno-associated virus (AAV)hu68.CB7.hFXN therapy. The advantage of using non-human primates for hFXN-M gene therapy studies is that hFXN-M and monkey FXN-M (mFXN-M) are 98.5% identical, which limits potential immunologic side-effects. However, this presented a formidable bioanalytical challenge in quantification of proteins with almost identical sequences. This was overcome by development of a species-specific quantitative mass spectrometry-based method, which revealed for the first time, robust transgene-specific human protein expression in monkey heart tissue. The dose response was non-linear resulting in a ten-fold increase in monkey heart hFXN-M protein expression with only a three-fold increase in dose of the vector.
Application of hybrid algorithms in an optimal allocation model of water and land resources
Authors: Wei Cong , Cheng Jilin , Jiang Yushan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Ensuring an optimal irrigation system and planting layout for crops in areas with water resource deficiencies is a complex process. A model of the optimal allocation of water and land resources for the irrigation system of the ‘reservoir and pumping station’ under crop rotation was established in this study. For the above complex nonlinear model, two-hybrid algorithms are proposed: (1) the decomposition aggregation dynamic programming (DADP) method and linear programming (LP) successive approximation algorithm [(DADP–LP)SA] and (2) the DADP algorithm based on the orthogonal design (OD) method (OD–DADP). The (DADP–LP)SA and OD–DADP algorithms were compared with the real-coded genetic algorithm (RGA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) to analyze the performance of the four algorithms. The developed algorithms were applied to the Gao'a irrigation area in the north of Jiangsu Province, China. The solution results showed that the annual output value of water-deficient irrigation areas was improved, and limited water and land resources were optimally allocated, demonstrating the feasibility of the two-hybrid algorithm. Moreover, through a comparative analysis of the optimality and applicability of the four algorithms, it can be observed that (DADP–LP)SA and OD–DADP are more suitable for optimizing the allocation of scarce water and land resources than RGA and PSO.
An evolutionary bargaining framework for allocating water and reclaimed wastewater in agricultural regions
Authors: Hosseini Maryam , Mahjouri Najmeh , Farsi Niloofar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a new framework for modeling the bargaining process among stakeholders by coupling social choice and bargaining methods. Based on this framework, two methods of evolutionary bargaining coupled with Borda count (BBC) and evolutionary bargaining coupled with pairwise voting (BPV) are proposed, and the results of applying them to resolve the challenging problems of allocating water and reclaimed wastewater in agricultural regions are analyzed. After proposing some candidate scenarios of allocating water and reclaimed wastewater, non-dominated scenarios are determined. Then, in the first level of bargaining, using a social choice technique, each stakeholder chooses the most desirable scenario out of the non-dominated ones, regardless of the utilities of other stakeholders. The selected scenarios by all stakeholders can provide them an estimate of other stakeholders' expected utilities. This enables each stakeholder in the next step of bargaining to suggest a scenario that improves their own utility, while providing a minimum acceptable utility of other stakeholders. If the bargaining results in more than one scenario, a social choice method is applied to find the most preferred scenario. The applicability and performance of the proposed framework are evaluated by applying it to the Varamin plain, in the south-east of Tehran, Iran.
Effectiveness of Telegenetic Counseling for Patients and Families With Suspected Hereditary Cancer: Systematic Review
Authors: Shibuya Yuriko , Harada Tomoyo , Aoki Mikiko , Ota Erika , Kamei Tomoko 
Published: June 2023

Background
Telegenetic counseling has attracted attention as a preventive measure against the recent COVID-19 pandemic. This systematic review compared telegenetic counseling using videoconferencing versus face-to-face counseling for hereditary cancer.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of telegenetic counseling using videoconferencing versus face-to-face counseling for people with suspected hereditary cancer.

Methods
A comprehensive literature search was carried out in December 2021 using the databases of the Japan Medical Abstracts Society, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycInfo, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The eligibility criteria were studies in which randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or cluster RCTs were conducted among patients with suspected hereditary cancer and their families, comparing telegenetic counseling using videoconferencing with face-to-face genetic counseling. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool was used to assess the risk of bias of each RCT study. This study was reported according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines.

Results
Two studies comprising a total of 191 participants were included and used for meta-analysis. Participants were individuals who lived in rural areas or in areas without genetic counselors and were suspected to have breast, colon, ovarian, multiple, or genetic cancer. All outcomes were assessed in only 1 study and their effects could not be discussed explicitly. In one study, there were no significant differences in satisfaction, psychological distress, or a number of genetic tests between face-to-face genetic counseling and telegenetic counseling. The cost per patient for genetic counseling was $106.19 for the telegenetics group and $244.33 for the in-person group. The risk of bias was high in both studies, with a high risk of performance bias, detection bias, and attrition bias.

Conclusions
The results of the two RCTs were described qualitatively. However, the evidence is limited because of the small number of RCT studies on telegenetic counseling and the high risk of bias. Further accumulation of studies is needed in the future.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
Long-Term, Real-World Kidney Outcomes with SGLT2i versus DPP4i in Type 2 Diabetes without Cardiovascular or Kidney Disease
Authors: Melzer Cohen Cheli , Schechter Meir , Rozenberg Aliza , Yanuv Ilan , Sehtman-Shachar Dvora R. , Fishkin Alisa , Rosenzweig Doron , Chodick Gabriel , Karasik Avraham , Mosenzon Ofri 
Published: June 2023

Background
Contemporary guidelines recommend the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) independently of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and those with kidney disease, with heart failure, or at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Using a large Israeli database, we assessed whether long-term use of SGLT2is versus dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4is) is associated with kidney benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes overall and in those without evidence of cardiovascular or kidney disease.

Methods
Patients with type 2 diabetes who initiated SGLT2is or DPP4is between 2015 and 2021 were propensity score-matched (1:1) according to 90 parameters. The kidney-specific composite outcome included confirmed ≥40% decline in eGFR or kidney failure. The kidney-or-death outcome included also all-cause mortality. Risks of outcomes were assessed using Cox proportional hazard regression models. The between-group difference in eGFR slope was also assessed. Analyses were repeated in patients' subgroup lacking evidence of cardiovascular or kidney disease.

Results
Overall, 19,648 propensity score-matched patients were included; 10,467 (53%) did not have evidence of cardiovascular or kidney disease. Median follow-up was 38 months (interquartile range, 22–55). The composite kidney-specific outcome occurred at an event rate of 6.9 versus 9.5 events per 1000 patient-years with SGLT2i versus DPP4i. The respective event rates of the kidney-or-death outcome were 17.7 versus 22.1. Compared with DPP4is, initiation of SGLT2is was associated with a lower risk for the kidney-specific (hazard ratio [HR], 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61 to 0.86; P < 0.001) and kidney-or-death (HR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.89; P < 0.001) outcomes. The respective HRs (95% CI) in those lacking evidence of cardiovascular or kidney disease were 0.67 (0.44 to 1.02) and 0.77 (0.61 to 0.97). Initiation of SGLT2is versus DPP4is was associated with mitigation of the eGFR slope overall and in those lacking evidence of cardiovascular or kidney disease (mean between-group differences 0.49 [95% CI, 0.35 to 0.62] and 0.48 [95% CI, 0.32 to 0.64] ml/min per 1.73 m2 per year, respectively).

Conclusions
Long-term use of SGLT2is versus DPP4is in a real-world setting was associated with mitigation of eGFR loss in patients with type 2 diabetes, even in those lacking evidence of cardiovascular or kidney disease at baseline.
Pipiltin y macehualtin: gobierno de San Pablo Quauhtotoatlan, Tlaxcala, siglo XVI
Authors: Acocal Mora Sandra 
Published: June 2023

El artículo que presento explica la manera en que las autoridades del pueblo sujeto de Quauhtotoatlan (mandones o tequitlatoque, “los que tienen cargo de repartir el tributo o el trabajo”), de estatus pilli, noble, y macehualtin, gente del común, conocedores de las formas de gobierno antiguas y castellana, se organizaron para gobernar coordinados con las más altas autoridades concentradas en la ciudad de Tlaxcala. A través del estudio de Quauhtotoatlan planteo como hipótesis que fueron las autoridades de los pueblos de la provincia de Tlaxcala los engranes que permitieron mover la maquinaria del cabildo indio. Las fuentes primarias de las que me valgo proceden del Archivo Histórico de Tlaxcala, el Archivo General de la Nación y la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología e Historia.
Z-words in linguistic aspect
Authors: Мурашова О.В. , Штыкова Н.В. 
Published: June 2023

Статья посвящена рассмотрению символа Z, активно функционирующего в настоящее время в российском медиа-дискурсе. Основываясь на принципе аполитичности и объективности науки, авторы предпринимают попытку анализа лингвистических параметров знака Z, соответствующего языковым единицам разных уровней – самостоятельной лексеме, корневой морфеме, семантизированной графеме и др.
The article focuses on the Z symbol which is currently active. Based on the principle of apolitical and objective science, the authors try to analyze linguistic parameters of the Z sign corresponding to lingual units of different levels – independent lexeme, root morpheme, semantic grapheme, etc.
The university role in the Olympiad movement of schoolchildren
Authors: Гулов А.П. 
Published: June 2023

Школьные предметные олимпиады как на уровне организации, так и на уровне экспертной проверки работ не могут мыслиться без прямого участия университета. Цель нашего исследования заключается в изучении роли высшей школы в функционировании олимпиадного движения. Актуальность обусловлена необходимостью определить участие вузов в олимпиадной подготовке. Было проведено анкетирование студентов первого курса бакалавриата факультета управления и политики МГИМО МИД России, которые принимали участие в школьных олимпиадах. В результате мы пришли к выводу о том, что участие в школьном олимпиадном движении помогает развивать способность к творчеству и научно- исследовательской деятельности.
School subject Olympiads, both at the level of organization and at the level of expert verification of work, should be analyzed taking into consideration university involvement, therefore, the purpose of our research is to study the role of higher education in the Olympiad movement, and the relevance is determined by the need to comprehend the participation of universities in Olympiad training. A survey of first-year undergraduate students of the Faculty of Management and Politics of the MGIMO of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, who took part in Olympiads at school, was conducted; as a result, we conclude on a positive correlation between creativity and research activity and participation in the school Olympiad movement.
Selection of acoustic signal descriptors for the problem of forecasting metal ejection in a ladlefurnace unit
Authors: Мартюгов А.С. , Ершов Е.В. , Виноградова Л.Н. , Варфоломеев И.А. 
Published: June 2023

В данной статье рассмотрен процесс выбора дескрипторов акустического сигнала для задачи прогнозирования выбросов металла в агрегате «ковш-печь». Проведён анализ методов выделения значащих признаков аудиосигнала, сформированы критерии оптимального дескриптора для задачи прогнозирования выброса. Описан алгоритм распознавания с применением выбранного дескриптора звукового сигнала.
This article discusses the process of selecting acoustic signal descriptors for the problem of predicting metal ejection in a ladle-furnace unit. The analysis of methods for extracting significant features of an audio signal is carried out; criteria for the optimal descriptor for the problem of ejection prediction are set up. The authors describe the recognition algorithm applying the selected audio signal descriptor.
Research of the LSTM neural network approach in time series modeling
Authors: Рапаков Г.Г. , Горбунов В.А. , Дианов С.В. , Елизарова Л.В. 
Published: June 2023

В работе представлены результаты применения методов машинного обучения в задаче прогнозирования экономического временного ряда. На основе компьютерного моделирования разработана программная реализация LSTM-нейронной сети для товарной позиции из номенклатурного ряда за пятилетний период. Итоги исследования использованы при разработке корпоративной информационно-аналитической системы (ИАС).
In this research, the authors present the results of the machine learning methods and algorithm application for development of LSTM neural network in order to time series modeling. Based on the application of artificial intelligence methods and five-year monitoring data a neural network software model for forecasting the time series of an economic indicator has been developed. The results were used in the corporate business intelligence system.
How “Antonov Apples” by I. Bunin is made (compositional geometries) Olga V. Bogdanova
Authors: Богданова О.В. , Лю М. 
Published: June 2023

В статье детально рассматриваются структурно-композиционные особенности рассказа И. Бунина «Антоновские яблоки», его разновекторные проекции и сложные визуальные геометрии. Показано, что четырехчастная композиция рассказа не случайна, но опосредована авторским заданием и демонстрирует особое семантическое наполнение, переводящее смысловое содержание частных эпизодов на уровень всечеловеческий, онтологический. Установлено, что смена геометрических ракурсов текста, его композиционная противодинамика (центробежная и центростремительная) формируют надсюжетную сверхфабулу и оказывают влияние на восприятие философского поля рассказа. Интерпретирована необычность привычного названия хрестоматийного рассказа, намечены чеховские аллюзии.
The article examines in detail the structural and compositional features of I. Bunin’s story “Antonov Apples”, its multi-vector projections and complex visual geometries. It is shown that the four-part composition of the story is not accidental, but is mediated by the author’s task and demonstrates a special form that transfers the semantic content of particular episodes to the universal, ontological level. It is established that the change of geometric angles of the text and its compositional counter-dynamics (centrifugal and centripetal) create above-the--plot narration and influence the perception of the philosophical field of the story. The originality of the common title is interpreted and Chekhov’s allusions are outlined.
Review of Gubernskie pravye (stanovlenie i evolyutsiya konservativnogo kryla partiinoi sistemy Rossii na primere Vladimirskoi gubernii) [Governorate right-wing politicians (formation and evolution of the conservative wing of the Russian party system as exemplified by Vladimir Governorate)] by I.V. Omel'yanchuk (Moscow: MGPU, 2022)
Authors: Николаев А.Б. 
Published: June 2023

Рецензируемая монография является первым в историографии специальным углубленным исследованием правого крыла партийной системы на примере Владимирской губернии. Этим трудом И.В. Омельянчук подводит итог длительного изучения правых организаций Владимирской губернии, начиная с их создания осенью 1905 г. и до прекращения их активности летом–осенью 1916 г.
The monograph under review is the first in historiography fundamental and in-depth research of the right wing in the party system, written on the example of Vladimir Governorate. In this work, I.V. Omel'yanchuk attempts to summarize the results of his enduring research of the right-wing organizations of Vladimir Governorate, starting from their creation in the autumn of 1905 and until the termination of their activity in the summer–autumn of 1916.