bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Homelessness and health-related outcomes in the Republic of Ireland: A systematic review, meta-analysis, and evidence map
Authors: Ingram Carolyn , Buggy Conor , Elabbasy Darin , Perrotta Carla 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aim: To map existing research on homelessness and health in the Republic of Ireland, and to synthesize the evidence on housing-related disparities in health.
Methods: Peer-reviewed articles and conference abstracts published in English between 2012-2022 were retrieved from 11 bibliographic databases if they contained empirical data on homelessness and health in Ireland, and – in a subsequent screening stage – at least one measure of health disparity between the homeless and general populations. Reviewers extracted relative risks (RR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and calculated pooled RR of comparable health disparities using pairwise random-effects meta-analyses.
Results: 104 articles contained empirical data on the health of homeless individuals residing in Ireland, addressing primarily substance use, addiction, and mental health. Homelessness was associated with increased risk of illicit drug use (RR 7.33 [95% CI 4.2,12.9]), reduced access to a general practitioner (GP) (RR 0.73 [CI 95% 0.71,0.75]), frequent emergency department (ED) presentation (Pooled RR 27.8 [95% CI 4.1,189.8]), repeat presentation for self-harm (Pooled RR 1.6 [95% CI 1.2,2.0]), and premature departure from hospital (Pooled RR 2.65 [95% CI 1.27,5.53]).
Conclusions: Homelessness in Ireland is associated with reduced access to primary care and overreliance on acute care. Chronic conditions amongst homeless individuals are understudied.
Variation in hydration use after reinfusion of autologous stem cells in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO): a survey of EBMT centers
Authors: Kortleve Jantina , Kisch Annika , Piepenbroek Brian , Mooyaart Jarl , Kozijn Anne , Sohne Maaike , Liptrott Sarah 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is commonly used in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) cryopreservation with various strategies employed to reduce DMSO related toxicity. A survey was conducted among EBMT centers to investigate the use of hydration following reinfusion of autologous HSCs in DMSO. Sixty-four questionnaires from 64 centers were analyzed. Fifty-four centers (84.3 %) gave hydration post-reinfusion of autologous HSC’s. Eighteen centers (28.1%) gave hydration depending on patient characteristics or the regimen of chemotherapy chosen. Two centers (3.1%) gave hydration only when there was insufficient oral intake. Ten centers (15.6%) stated they never gave post-reinfusion hydration.
The most frequently reported reason to start post-reinfusion hydration was ‘to protect the kidneys from DMSO’ and ‘to flush out DMSO’ (84.3%). In 62.8% of responses, multiple reasons for hydration were cited, not only related to DMSO. No consensus in hydration fluid or volume was observed. Evidence is lacking to suggest hydration post-reinfusion reduces the toxicity of DMSO. Further research is necessary to explore the use of hydration post-reinfusion of stem cells. Existing knowledge surrounding use of lower concentrations of DMSO to reduce toxicity of DMSO for patients receiving an autologous stem cell transplantation, could be explored.
Predictors of adherence to treatment in cardiovascular patients based on social adequacy
Authors: Koli Fatemeh Babaei , Mozaffari Nasser , Belil Fatemeh Ebrahimi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to assess predictors of adherence to treatment in cardiovascular patients based on social adequacy
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common chronic diseases and a major cause of disability. They disturb the performance and social, familial, and occupational relations of patients. Adherence to treatment is one of the most effective methods to prevent the complications and progression of cardiovascular diseases. It is influenced by various factors such as self-efficacy, beliefs, social relations, and social adequacy. This study was conducted to determine the predictors of adherence to treatment in cardiovascular patients based on social adequacy.
Methods: The research population of this descriptive-analytical study included cardiovascular patients discharged from the treatment centers from March 21 to June 22, 2021. Using the Pass software, the sample size was estimated to be 250 patients, which was increased to 270 by taking into account a 10% drop. The participants were selected by stratified random sampling based on the type of disease and inclusion criteria. Data were collected by a demographic information form, Fellner’s Social adequacyQuestionnaire, and Modanlo’s Treatment Adherence Scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive (frequency, mean, percentage, and standard deviation) and analytic statistics (correlation and linear regression).
Results: There was a significant correlation between social adequacy and adherence to treatment (p=0.001, r=0.677). There was also a significant relationship between adherence to treatment and four dimensions of social adequacy, including cognitive skills, behavioral skills, emotional adequacy, and motivational cues (p=0.001). The linear regression analysis showed that behavioral skills predicted 0.994 and effort in treatment and willingness to participate in treatment predicted 0.999 of adherence to treatment.
Conclusion: Given the significant relationship between social adequacy and adherence to treatment in discharged patients and its predictive power, the patients’ social adequacy is suggested to be evaluated at the time of discharge, and required educational measures are advised to be taken based on the patients’ needs to empower and enhance their social adequacy.
Colossal negative magnetoresistance in field-induced Weyl semimetal of magnetic half-Heusler compound
Authors: Ueda Kentaro , Yu Tonghua , Hirayama Motoaki , Kurokawa Ryo , Nakajima Taro , Saito Hiraku , Kriener Markus , Hoshino Manabu , Hashizume Daisuke , Arima Taka-hisa , Arita Ryotaro , Tokura Yoshinori 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The discovery of topological insulators and semimetals triggered enormous interest in exploring emergent electromagnetic responses in solids. To explore multifunctional topological states, a particular attention has been focused on ternary half-Heusler compounds, whose electronic structure bears analogy to the topological zinc-blende compounds and which furthermore involve magnetic rare-earth ions coupled to conduction electrons [1, 2]. Most of them reported so far are band-inverted zero-gap semiconductors such as RPtBi [3-5] and RPdBi [6], which still do not fully exhaust the large potential of this materials class. Here, we report a less-studied member of half-Heusler compounds, HoAuSn, which is a trivial semimetal or narrow-gap semiconductor at zero magnetic field but revealed to undergo field-induced transition to a Weyl semimetal, accompanying huge negative magnetoresistance exceeding four orders of magnitude at low temperatures. The combined study of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations and first-principles calculation suggests that the exchange field from Ho 4f moments reconstructs the band structure to induce Weyl points which play a key role in the strong suppression of large-angle carrier scattering. Our findings demonstrate the unique mechanism of colossal negative magnetoresistance and provide pathways towards realizing topological electronic states in a large class of magnetic half-Heusler compounds.
Outcome of differentiated thyroid cancer patients with indeterminate response to initial treatment
Authors: Calabretta Juan Matias , Iglesias Maria Laura , Califano Ines 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Data on long term outcomes of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) with indeterminate response to initial treatment (IR) is lacking.
Objective: a) to assess long term outcomes of patients with IR, b) to describe differences in evolution according to type of IR positive anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) vs positive thyroglobulin (Tg) and c) to determine factors related to worse prognosis in this population
Patients and methods: Retrospective study of 58 DTC patients with IR after total thyroidectomy and radioiodine ablation. Population was divided in two groups: TgAb (+) and Tg (+).
Results: After a median follow-up of 6.2 years, structural disease was found in 3.4% of cases, all of them in the Tg (+) group. Final IR were more frequent in the TgAb (+) group (75% vs 23% in the Tg (+) group, p <0.0005), they were caused by declining TgAb levels in 83% of cases. Patients with final excellent and IR had smaller tumor at diagnosis (11.5 vs 44.4 mm, p 0.03), initial high risk was less frequent (14.8 vs 60%, p 0.02), and preablation Tg levels were lower (10.1 vs 42.9 ng/ml, p 0.03) compared with patients with structural or biochemical persistence.
Conclusions: Most patients with IR had favorable outcomes. Structural disease was found only in patients with Tg (+). Patients with worse final outcomes had adverse initial parameters. Management strategies should be tailored according to these findings.
Significance Statement: Our objective was to evaluate the long-term evolution of patients with an indeterminate response to initial treatment, to investigate differences in the final state between the different types of indeterminate response (positive antithyroglobulin antibodies vs. detectable thyroglobulin), and to determine factors that are associated with worse evolution in this population. We found it relevant to study this population given the little evidence published to date on this group of patients.
Searching for intra-cloud positive leaders in VHF
Authors: Scholten Olaf , Hare Brian , Dwyer Joe , Liu Ningyu , Sterpka Chris , Mulrey Katie , Veen Sander ter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We have used the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) to search for the growing tip of an intra-cloud (IC) positive leader.Even with our most sensitive beamforming method, where we coherently add the signals of about 170 antenna pairs, we were not able to detect any emission from the tip. Instead, we put constraints on the emissivity of very-high frequency (VHF) radiation from the tip at 0.5 pJ/MHz at 60 MHz, integrated over 100 ns. The limit is independent on whether this emission is in the form of short pulses or continuously. The non-observation of VHF radiation from intra-cloud positive leaders implies that these proceed in an extremely gradual process, which is in sharp contrast with the observations of other parts of a lightning discharge.
Diagnostic potential of myocardial early systolic lengthening for patients with suspected non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Zhang Wanwei , Cai Qizhe , Lin Mingming , Tian Runyu , Jin Shan , Qin Yunyun , Lu Xiuzhang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
During early systole, ischemic myocardium with reduced active force experiences early systolic lengthening (ESL). This study aimed to explore the diagnostic potential of myocardial ESL in suspected non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients with normal wall motion and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).
Methods
Overall, 195 suspected NSTE-ACS patients with normal wall motion and LVEF, who underwent speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) before coronary angiography were included. Patients were stratified into coronary artery disease (CAD) group when there was ≥ 50% stenosis in at least one major coronary artery. CAD patients were further stratified into significant (≥ 70% reduction of vessel diameter) stenosis group and non-significant stenosis group. Myocardial strain parameters, including global longitudinal strain (GLS), duration of early systolic lengthening (DESL), early systolic index (ESI) and post-systolic index (PSI) were analyzed using STE and compared between groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the diagnostic accuracy. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to establish the independent and incremental determinants for the presence of significant coronary stenosis.
Results
DESL and ESI were higher in patients with CAD than those without CAD. In addition, CAD patients with significant coronary stenosis had higher DESL and ESI than those without significant coronary stenosis. The ROC analysis revealed that ESI was superior to PSI in identifying patients with CAD, and further superior to GLS and PSI in predicting significant coronary stenosis. Moreover, ESI could provide independent and incremental predictive efficacy on significant coronary stenosis in patients with CAD.
Conclusions
Myocardial ESI is of great value for the diagnosis and risk stratification in clinically suspected NSTE-ACS patients with normal LVEF and wall motion.
Prenatal exposure to environmental air pollution and psychosocial stress jointly contribute to the epigenetic regulation of the serotonin transporter gene in newborns
Authors: Provenzi Livio , Nazzari Sarah , Cagliero Lucia , Grumi Serena , Pisoni Enrico , Mallucci Giulia , Bergamaschi Roberto , Maccarini Julia , Giorda Roberto 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Antenatal exposures to maternal stress and to particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) have been independently associated with developmental outcomes in early infancy and beyond. Knowledge about their joint impact, as well as possible biological mechanisms of their effects, is still limited. Both PM2.5 and maternal stress exposure during pregnancy might result in altered patterns of DNA methylation in specific stress-related genes, such as the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4 DNAm), that might, in turn, influence infant development. Here, we investigated the independent and interactive influence of variations in antenatal exposures to maternal pandemic-related stress (PRS) and PM2.5 on SLC6A4 DNAm levels in newborns. Mother–infant dyads (N=307) were enrolled at delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Infants’ methylation status was assessed in 13 CpG sites within the SLC6A4 gene’s region (chr17:28562750–28562958) in buccal cells at birth and women retrospectively report on PRS. PM2.5 exposure over gestation and at each gestational trimester was estimated using a spatiotemporal model based on residential address. Higher levels of SLC6A4 DNAm at 6 CpG sites were found in newborns born to mothers reporting higher levels of antenatal PRS and greater PM2.5 exposure across gestation, while adjusting for infant’s sex. These effects were especially evident when exposure to elevated PM2.5 occurred during the second trimester of pregnancy. Understanding the interplay between environmental and individual-level stressors has important implications for the improvement of mother-infant health during and after the pandemic.
High local supersaturation formation for precipitated calcium carbonate synthesis by applying a rotating disk reactor
Authors: Adavi Kazem , Tahery Danial , Khajouei Mohammad , Latifi Mohammad 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a spinning disk reactor (SDR) was applied and tested successfully for precipitated calcium particle synthesis. The proposed SDR reactor consists of a spinning disk rotating at 4,000–16,000 rpm. The proposed SDR resulted in high local supersaturation due to the intense energy dissipation produced by a high-speed spinning disk. The higher rotational speed of SDR results in the production of calcium carbonate nanoparticles with smaller mean particle sizes and higher aragonite content. At the rotating speed of 15,000 rpm, precipitated calcium carbonate nanoparticles with a size of around 975 nm were produced. In addition, aragonite content increased from 10 wt% to 95 wt% by increasing disk speed from 4,000 rpm to 15,000 rpm.
Preoperative Frailty Assessed Comprehensively by a Questionnaire Predicts a Poor Survival Following Curative Resection of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Tamura Tatsuro , Sakurai Katsunobu , Ryu Kaoru , Murata Tomoko , Miyamoto Hironari , Nishi Satoshi , Deguchi Sota , Nambara Mikio , Miki Yuichiro , Yoshii Mami , Toyokawa Takahiro , Kubo Naoshi , Tanaka Hiroaki , Lee Shigeru , Ohira Masaichi , Maeda Kiyoshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: With the increasing number of elderly people in Japan, there are more and more opportunities for physicians to treat elderly patients. In general, elderly patients are considered to be at increased risk for treatment due to a decreased organ reserve. In recent years, the concept of frailty has been attracting attention as a comprehensive indicator of the various effects of aging, but no conclusion has been reached on how to evaluate it. The present study investigated the adverse effect of preoperative frailty on short- and long-term outcomes in patients with gastric cancer using a questionnaire about frailty.
Methods: Of the 149 patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer in our department between April 2015 and December 2016 and had pathological stage (p Stage) I/II/III, 125 were enrolled in this study, excluding 24 patients who failed to respond to the preoperative questionnaire on frailty.The frailty index (FI) was calculated by dividing the total score of 50 questions, consisting of 1 point per question, by 50. The study used a multiple logistic regression analysis with the 5-year overall survival (OS) as the endpoint to create a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to determine the cut-off point for the FI. Based on the results, patients were classified into frail and non-frail groups. The short- and long-term outcomes of the frail and non-frail groups were then compared, and prognostic factors for the OS were examined. Postoperative complications were defined as those of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3a.
Results: Regarding the short-term outcomes, the postoperative complication rates did not differ significantly between the frail and non-frail groups. Regarding the5-year OS rates of the patients with p Stages II/III, the outcomes in the frail group were significantly poorer than those in the non-frail group. In the multivariate analysis of the OS, frailty was independently associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients with gastric cancer.
Conclusion: Frailty in the present study encompasses not only patients' physical factors but also their psychological and social factors, which may be useful for predicting the long-term prognosis of patients undergoing surgical treatment for advanced gastric cancer.
Growth origin of large-scale fiberform nanostructures in He-W co-deposition environment
Authors: Hori Kenta , Kajita Shin , Zhang Rongshi , Tanaka Hirohiko , Ohno Noriyasu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
When tungsten (W) is deposited with helium (He) plasma (He-W co-deposition) on W surface, enhanced growth of fiberform nanostructure (fuzz) occurs, and sometimes it grows into large-scale fuzzy nanostructures (LFNs) thicker than 0.1~mm.In this study, different numbers of mesh openings (apertures) and W plates with nanotendril bundles (NTBs), which are tens of micrometers high nanofiber bundles, were used to investigate the condition for the origin of the LFN growth.It was found that the larger the mesh openings, the larger the area where LFNs are formed and the faster the formation tends to be. On NTB samples, it was found that NTBs grew significantly when exposed to He plasma with W deposition, especially when the size of the NTB reached $\sim$0.1~mm. The concentration of the He flux due to the distortion of the shape of the ion sheath is proposed as one of the reasons to explain the experimental results.
Identification of hub genes and potential mechanisms that linked hyperbaric oxygen therapy to traumatic injury Using Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Li Zhen , Ge Baiping , Li ao , Wang Gang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of acquired disability worldwide. Although hyperbaric oxygen therapy is a treatment for TBI, the mechanism underlying its function remains unclear. Herein, we comprehensively analyzed the RNA sequencing data from public databases using bioinformatics analyses and identified three hub genes (IL10, MMP9, and PECAM1) associated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy and TBI. CIBERSORT was used to analyze patient data to infer the relative proportions of 22 infiltrating immune cells and to perform Pearson correlation analysis on gene expression and immune cell content levels. The three hub genes were significantly associated with infiltrating immune cells and had a predictive ability for TBI. In addition, the transcription factors of these three hub genes were identified and found to be enriched in immune functions. In conclusion, three hub genes and potentially relevant immune cells and biological processes were identified, which are associated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy and TBI. This will provide new evidence for further research on hyperbaric oxygen therapy and TBI.
Ultra-High Capacity, Multifunctional Nanoscale Sorbents for PFOA and PFOS Treatment
Authors: Fortner John , Lee Junseok , Kim Changwoo , Liu Chen , Wong Prof Michael S , Capiro Natalie , Penell Kurt 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Here, we describe surface functionalized, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (IONCs) for ultrahigh PFAS sorption and precise, low energy (magnetic) separation, considering perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS). As a function of surface coating, sorption capacities described are considerably higher than previous studies using activated carbon, polymers, and unmodified metal/metal oxides, among others. In particular, positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) coated IONCs demonstrate extreme sorption capacities for both PFOA and PFOS due to electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, along with high polymer grafting densities, while remaining stable in water, thus maintaining available surface area. Further, through a novel method using a quart crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), we present real-time, interfacial observations (e.g. sorption kinetics). Through this method, we explore underpinning mechanism(s) for differential PFAS (PFOA vs PFOS) sorption behavior(s), demonstrating that PFAS functional head group strongly influence molecular orientation on/at the sorbent interface. The effect of water chemistry, including pH, ionic composition of water, and natural organic matter on sorption behavior are also evaluated and along with material (treatment) demonstration via bench-scale column studies.