bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolated collagenoma in an HIV-positive patient on ART: a case report
Authors: Wu Kevin K. , Movassaghi Masoud , DeClerck Brittney , Chow Maggie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Collagenomas are rare connective tissue hamartomas composed of dermal collagen. Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can present with HIV-related lipodystrophy or lipomas. There are no known associations between HIV and collagenomas.

Case presentation
Here we describe a case of an isolated collagenoma in an HIV patient on ART. The lesion was a seven by four-centimeter subcutaneous nodule with no epidermal changes located on the occipital scalp. This lesion was excised, and histopathology showed thick and randomly arranged collagen bundles, consistent with a collagenoma.

Conclusion
This case represents an isolated collagenoma presenting in a patient with HIV. It is unclear whether HIV or ART contributed to the development of this collagenoma. Treatment of collagenomas include surgical excision and intralesional corticosteroids. In addition to lipoma or lipodystrophy, it is important to keep collagenoma in the differential diagnosis in a patient presenting with an isolated large indurated subcutaneous nodule.
Fear of childbirth: prevalence and associated factors in pregnant women of a maternity hospital in southern Brazil
Authors: Dal Moro Ana Paula Maia , Soecki Gabriella , de Fraga Fernanda Schier , Petterle Ricardo Rasmussen , Rückl Sarah Zanghellini 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The fear of childbirth (FOC) harms maternal and fetal health, however it has been little studied in Brazil. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of FOC in a maternity hospital in southern Brazil and identify its associated factors.

Methods
The Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire – W-DEQ(A) was used to assess the prevalence of FOC, and its relationship with sociodemographic variables, gestational history, aspects of the current pregnancy, knowledge about childbirth, anxiety symptoms (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), and perception of social support (Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support) was investigated. Questionnaires about the content of FOC and information sources regarding childbirth were also applied.

Results
We interviewed 125 pregnant women between 28 and 36 weeks of pregnancy between July and September of 2021, and 12% of them scored ≥ 85 on the W-DEQ(A), indicating severe FOC. There was a significant correlation between FOC and anxiety symptoms (r = 0.50, p < 0.001), depressive symptoms (r = 0.34, p < 0.001), and poor social support (r = -0.23, p = 0.008). FOC was lower in pregnant women with complete elementary education when compared to those with higher education (p = 0.003), however, those with negative experiences in previous deliveries had more FOC than those who had had positive experiences (p = 0.001). More than 85% of them fear fetal distress.

Conclusions
FOC is a prevalent condition that impacts the mental health of pregnant women. Therefore, health professionals should recognize and address it during prenatal care to provide integral maternal–fetal care and improve the childbirth experience.
Assessment of testicular volume in neonates in the tropical province of China
Authors: Hu Shaohua , Zhao Zhenli , Wan Zhisheng , Bu Weizhen , Chen Songqiang , Yang Shuai , Chen Xiaowen , Lu Yiqun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Testicular volume in neonates is a potential indicator of testicular development during the fetal period, particularly the masculinization programming window. Reliable measurements of testicular volume provide an opportunity for early detection of testicular abnormalities. This study aimed to assess the testicular volume in neonates and evaluate its relationship with gestational week and birth weight in Hainan Province, China.

Methods
Data on 458 neonates who underwent ultrasonography examinations at our institution from 2018 to 2022 were collected. The neonates were categorized by gestational week, birth weight, and presence of cryptorchidism. We evaluated the testicular volume among different groups and its relationship to gestational week and birth weight.

Results
There was no significant difference between the right and left testicular volume in neonates without cryptorchidism. However, a significant difference was observed between normal birth weight and low birth weight neonates in terms of testicular volume. Similarly, there was a significant difference between premature and full-term neonates in testicular volume. Bilateral testicular volume showed positive and significant correlations with gestational week and birth weight. Additionally, a significant difference was noted in testicular volume between the affected side in neonates with cryptorchidism and the same side in normal birth weight full-term neonates.

Conclusions
We established the normal range of testicular volume for neonates in Hainan Province and demonstrated that testicular volume is positively correlated with both birth weight and gestational week. Cryptorchidism also affects testicular volume during the neonatal period, likely due to reduced androgenic exposure in utero, particularly during the masculinization programming window. The findings of this study have significant implications for assessing testis development during fetal development.
Protocol of a parallel, randomized controlled trial on the effects of a novel personalized nutrition approach by artificial intelligence in real world scenario
Authors: Feng Jingyuan , Liu Hongwei , Mai Shupeng , Su Jin , Sun Jing , Zhou Jianjie , Zhang Yingyao , Wang Yinyi , Wu Fan , Zheng Guangyong , Zhu Zhenni 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Nutrition service needs are huge in China. Previous studies indicated that personalized nutrition (PN) interventions were effective. The aim of the present study is to identify the effectiveness and feasibility of a novel PN approach supported by artificial intelligence (AI).

Methods
This study is a two-arm parallel, randomized, controlled trial in real world scenario. The participants will be enrolled among who consume lunch at a staff canteen. In Phase I, a total of 170 eligible participants will be assigned to either intervention or control group on 1:1 ratio. The intervention group will be instructed to use the smartphone applet to record their lunches and reach the real-time AI-based information of dish nutrition evaluation and PN evaluation after meal consumption for 3 months. The control group will receive no nutrition information but be asked to record their lunches though the applet. Dietary pattern, body weight or blood pressure optimizing is expected after the intervention. In phase II, the applet will be free to all the diners (about 800) at the study canteen for another one year. Who use the applet at least 2 days per week will be regarded as the intervention group while the others will be the control group. Body metabolism normalization is expected after this period. Generalized linear mixed models will be used to identify the dietary, anthropometric and metabolic changes.

Discussion
This novel approach will provide real-time AI-based dish nutrition evaluation and PN evaluation after meal consumption in order to assist users with nutrition information to make wise food choice. This study is designed under a real-life scenario which facilitates translating the trial intervention into real-world practice.

Trial registration
This trial has been registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100051771; date registered: 03/10/2021).
“When you leave your country, this is what you’re in for”: experiences of structural, legal, and gender-based violence among asylum-seeking women at the Mexico-U.S. border
Authors: Ramage Kaylee , Stirling-Cameron Emma , Ramos Nicole Elizabeth , Martinez SanRoman Isela , Bojorquez Ietza , Spata Arianna , Baltazar Lujano Brigitte , Goldenberg Shira M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent U.S. immigration policy has increasingly focused on asylum deterrence and has been used extensively to rapidly deport and deter asylum-seekers, leaving thousands of would-be asylum-seekers waiting indefinitely in Mexican border cities, a large and growing proportion of whom are pregnant and parenting women. In the border city of Tijuana, Mexico, these women are spending unprecedented durations waiting under unsafe humanitarian conditions to seek safety in the U.S, with rising concerns regarding increases in gender-based violence (GBV) among this population during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given existing gaps in evidence, we aimed to describe the lived experiences of GBV in the context of asylum deterrence policies among pregnant and parenting asylum-seeking women at the Mexico-U.S. border.

Methods
Within the community-based Maternal and Infant Health for Refugee & Asylum-Seeking Women (MIHRA) study, we conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews with 30 asylum-seeking women in Tijuana, Mexico between June and December 2022. Eligible women had been pregnant or postpartum since March 2020, were 18–49 years old, and migrated for the purposes of seeking asylum in the U.S. Drawing on conceptualizations of structural and legal violence, we conducted a thematic analysis of participants’ experiences of GBV in the context of asylum deterrence policies and COVID-19.

Results
Pregnant and parenting asylum-seeking women routinely faced multiple forms of GBV perpetuated by asylum deterrence policies at all stages of migration (pre-migration, in transit, and in Tijuana). Indefinite wait times to cross the border and inadequate/unsafe shelter exacerbated further vulnerability to GBV. Repeated exposure to GBV contributed to poor mental health among women who reported feelings of fear, isolation, despair, shame, and anxiety. The lack of supports and legal recourse related to GBV in Tijuana highlighted the impact of asylum deterrence policies on this ongoing humanitarian crisis.

Conclusion
Asylum deterrence policies undermine the health and safety of pregnant and parenting asylum-seeking women at the Mexico-U.S. border. There is an urgent need to end U.S. asylum deterrence policies and to provide respectful, appropriate, and adequately resourced humanitarian supports to pregnant and parenting asylum-seeking women in border cities, to reduce women’s risk of GBV and trauma.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the long-term effects of physical activity interventions on objectively measured outcomes
Authors: Gasana J. , O’Keeffe T. , Withers T. M. , Greaves C. J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Although physical activity interventions are frequently reported to be effective, long-term changes are needed to generate meaningful health benefits. There are criticisms that evaluations of physical activity interventions mostly report short-term outcomes and that these are often self-reported rather than measured objectively. This study therefore aimed to assess the long-term (at least 24 month) effectiveness of behavioural interventions on objectively measured physical activity.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review with a meta-analysis of effects on objectively measured physical activity. We searched: Cochrane CENTRAL, EMBASE, PsychInfo, CINAHL and Pubmed up to 10th January 2022. Studies were included if they were in English and included a physical intervention that assessed physical activity in the long-term (defined as at least 24 months).

Results
Eight studies with 8480 participants were identified with data suitable for meta-analysis. There was a significant effect of interventions on daily steps 24 months post baseline (four studies, SMD: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.02 to 0.28) with similar results at 36 to 48 months of follow up (four studies, SMD: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.27). There was a significant effect of interventions on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 24 months post baseline (four studies, SMD: 0.18 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.29) and at 36 to 48 months (three studies, SMD: 0.16 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.23). The mean effect size was small. However, the changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and steps per day were clinically meaningful in the best-performing studies.

Conclusion
This review suggests that behavioural interventions can be effective in promoting small, but clinically meaningful increases in objectively measured physical activity for up to 48 months. There is therefore a need to develop interventions that can achieve greater increases in long-term physical activity with greater efficiency.
Neighbourhood sociodemographic factors and COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the Netherlands: an ecological analysis
Authors: Labuschagne Lisanne J. E. , Smorenburg Naomi , van de Kassteele Jan , Bom Ben , de Weerdt Anne C. , de Melker Hester E. , Hahné Susan J. M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
While overall COVID-19 vaccine uptake is high in the Netherlands, it lags behind in certain subpopulations.

Aim
We aimed to explore the characteristics of groups with lower COVID-19 vaccine uptake at neighbourhood level to inform the strategy to improve uptake and guide research into barriers for vaccination.

Methods
We performed an ecological study using national vaccination register and socio-demographic data at neighbourhood level. Using univariate and multivariable generalized additive models we examined the (potentially non-linear) effect of each determinant on uptake. We focused on those aged 50 years and older, since they are at highest risk of severe disease.

Results
In those over 50 years of age, a higher proportion of individuals with a non-Western migration background and higher voting proportions for right-wing Christian and conservative political parties were at neighbourhood level univariately associated with lower COVID-19 vaccine uptake. In contrast, higher socioeconomic status and higher voting proportions for right-wing liberal, progressive liberal and Christian middle political parties were associated with higher uptake. Multivariable results differed from univariate results in that a higher voting proportion for progressive left-wing political parties was also associated with higher uptake. In addition, with regard to migration background only a Turkish background remained significant.

Conclusion
We identified determinants associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake at neighbourhood level and observed heterogeneity in uptake between different subpopulations. Since the goal of vaccination is not only to reduce suffering and death by improving the average uptake, but also to reduce health inequity, it is important to focus on subpopulations with lower uptake.
Analysis of 5-Year-old children’s oral health service utilization and influencing factors in Guizhou Province, China (2019–2020)
Authors: Wu Juanjuan , Chen Liming , Guan Min , Dai Taiming , Friedrich Reinhard E. , Sun Jiangling , Yang Wei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the utilization patterns and factors related to oral health care for 5-year-old preschoolers based on Andersen’s Behavioural Model in Guizhou Province, Western China.

Method
A cross-sectional study of 4,862 5-year-old preschoolers in 66 kindergartens was conducted in 2019 and 2020. A basic oral examination and a survey of parents and grandparents were conducted to gather data on oral health services. The results were analysed using chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis.

Result
The utilization rate of oral health services for children in Guizhou province was 20.5%. The dmft was 4.43, and the rate of caries was 72.2%. The average cost of a dental visit was higher in rural areas and higher for girls. Logistic regression analysis revealed that dmft ≥ 6 teeth, a history of toothache, starting toothbrushing at age ≤ 3 years and limited parental knowledge were the primary factors impacting dental visits.

Conclusion
Needs factors such as severe oral conditions and pain in children are the main reasons for the utilization of these services. This study underscores the urgency to actively promote the importance of oral health and expand insurance coverage for oral health services.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward self-control of dental plaque among patients with periodontal diseases: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Sun Jing , Tong Dongdong , Sun Chen , Wang Xin , Zuo Zhibin , Liu Yufeng , Qi Liangyan , Kong Lingxue , Luan Xiao , Meng Junru 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The development of periodontal disease is closely linked to individual oral healthcare behaviors. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward the self-control of dental plaque among patients with periodontal diseases.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinan Stomatological Hospital between July 2022 and September 2022 through a self-administrated questionnaire for patients with periodontal diseases.

Results
A total of 563 participants were included. Among them, 147 (26.11%) had gingivitis and 416 (73.89%) had periodontitis. Participants' knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 8.71 ± 2.81 (range 0–12), 39.82 ± 3.69 (range 10–50), 33.13 ± 5.91 (range 11–55), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the knowledge [odds ratio (OR) = 1.212, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.097–1.339, P < 0.001], attitude (OR = 1.132, 95% CI: 1.070–1.198, P < 0.001), occupation, especially in the commercial and service industry (OR = 0.488, 95% CI: 0.221–1.080, P = 0.007), and income of 10,000–20,000 yuan (OR = 0.476, 95% CI: 0.258–0.877, P = 0.017) were independently associated with good practice.

Conclusions
Chinese patients with periodontal diseases demonstrated satisfactory knowledge and attitudes regarding oral hygiene, but the practical aspects need more promotion and training, especially in daily brushing frequency, usage of oral irrigator and interdental brush. Individualized approach should consider patients' knowledge, attitudes, occupation and income level.
Knowledge and experiences of families regarding amber necklaces
Authors: Aktura Bekir , Dertli Mert Haci , Ozen Ege Hazal , Onaran Ezgi , Hashimov Elnur , Basibuyuk Mine , Karabayir Nalan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Amber necklaces have been used frequently to reduce the complaints of babies during teething. In this study, the knowledge and experience of families regarding the use of amber necklaces investigated.

Methods
The structured questionnaire was applied face-to-face to parents with a 4–24 month old baby who applied to the paediatric outpatient clinic.

Results
One hundred one families participating in the study reported that they used the amber necklace most frequently for restlessness (n = 72, 71.3%). Eighty- three% of families reported that the amber necklace was beneficial. It determined that 2% of the babies had suffocation and 2% had problems dispersing the grains.

Conclusion
Although the parents think that the use of amber necklaces is effective during the teething period, they are not aware of the risks. It is important for healthcare professionals to inform their families about teething and especially the risks of using amber necklaces.
Professional calling among nursing students: a latent profile analysis
Authors: Jiang Hu , Mei Yongxia , Wang Xiaoxuan , Zhao Zhixin , Lin Beilei , Wang Wenna , Zhang Zhenxiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundOne factor that influences nursing students' decision to pursue a nursing career is professional calling. It is important to comprehend nursing students' professional calling, which may have an impact on their career choice and career development.ObjectivesTo investigate possible calling types and contributing variables among nursing students.DesignCross-sectional descriptive study.ParticipantsA total of 10,583 nursing students were enrolled in this survey.MethodsFrom November 16th, 2022, to January 17th, 2023, a cross-sectional study was carried out among nursing students using a convenient sampling. The subjects were given the Chinese Calling Scale and the General Demographic Information Questionnaire. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to separate nursing students' professional calling into a variety of subgroups. To find the variables connected to the prospective calling categories, we used ordinal and multinomial Logistic regression analysis.ResultsRespondents were divided into three calling groups, low (N = 3204), moderate (N = 4492), and high calling group (N = 2887), which accounted for 30.3%, 42.4%, and 27.3% of the total respondents, respectively, in accordance with the findings of the latent profile analysis. Across scale scores and dimensions for the three separate categories, three groups demonstrated statistically significant differences (bothp < 0.001). Profile membership was predicted by 8 factors such as age, gender, location of origin, first volunteer experience, highest degree earned, marital status, student leadership experience, and political appearance.ConclusionThree latent calling patterns were found, and there was calling variability across nursing students. Special care should be given to students with low calling. Nursing students must use professional education tools to help them develop their career calling and stabilize the nursing team.
A qualitative exploration of factors that influence the uptake of tuberculosis services by low-skilled migrant workers in Singapore
Authors: De Foo Chuan , Wu Shishi , Amin Fariha , Rajaraman Natarajan , Cook Alex R. , Legido-Quigley Helena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Singapore relies heavily on migrant workers to build its country and harbours a relatively large population of these workers. Importantly, tuberculosis (TB) remains a pernicious threat to the health of these workers and in line with the United Nations High-Level Meeting in 2023, this paper aims to uncover the qualitative discourse facing migrant workers’ uptake of TB services and provide policy recommendations to enable more equitable access to TB services for this population.

Methods
In-depth interviews were carried out with the migrant worker population recruited from a non-governmental organisation in Singapore that serves migrant workers through the provision of primary healthcare services, counselling, and social assistance. Interviews stopped once thematic saturation was achieved and no new themes and subthemes were found.

Results
A total of 29 participants were interviewed, including 16 Bangladeshis and 13 Chinese, aged between 22 and 54 years old, all worked in the construction sector. Four key themes emerged. They are (1) General TB knowledge: Misconceptions are prevalent, where we found that participants were aware of the disease but did not possess a clear understanding of its pathophysiology and associated health effects, (2) Contextual knowledge and perception of associated policies related to TB in Singapore: low awareness among migrant workers as participants’ accounts depicted a lack of information sources in Singapore especially on issues related to healthcare including TB, (3) Attitude to towards TB: Motivation to seek treatment is underpinned by ability to continue working and (4) Stigma: mixed perception of how society views TB patients. The gaps identified in migrant workers’ TB knowledge, their attitude towards the disease and their perception of the availability of TB-related services is despite Singapore’s efforts to curb community spread of TB and its proactive initiatives to reduce the prevalence.

Conclusion
Our study illuminates the various aspects that policymakers need to home in on to ensure this vulnerable group is sufficiently supported and equitably cared for if they develop active TB during their stay in Singapore as they contribute to the nation’s economy. Leveraging the COVID-19 pandemic as a window of opportunity to improve overall healthcare access for vulnerable groups in Singapore can be a starting point.