bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thymoquinone-Loaded Self Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: BAHLOUL Badr , Chaabani Roua , Zahra Yosri , Kalboussi Nesrine , Kraiem Jamil , Sfar Souad , Mignet Nathalie , Abdennebi Hassen Ben 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the present study, a self nano-emulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) was developed to evaluate the efficiency of TQ in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. SNEDDS was pharmaceutically characterized to evaluate droplet size, morphology, zeta potential, thermodynamic stability, and dissolution/diffusion capacity. Animals were orally pre-treated during 10 days with TQ loaded SNEDDS. Biochemical analyses, haematoxylin-eosin staining, indirect immunofluorescence, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were carried out to assess cell injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. The TQ formulation showed good in vitro characteristics, including stable nanoparticle structure and size with high drug release rate. In vivo determinations revealed that TQ loaded SNEDDS pre-treatment of rats maintained cellular integrity by decreasing transaminase (ALT and AST) release and preserving the histological characteristics of their liver. The antioxidant ability of the formulation was proven by increased SOD activity, reduced MDA concentration and iNOS protein expression. In addition, this formulation exerted an anti-inflammatory effect evidenced by reduced plasma CRP concentration, MPO activity, gene expressions of TLR-4, TNF-α, NF-κB, and IL-6. Finally, the TQ loaded SNEDDS formulation promoted cell survival by enhancing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio. In conclusion, our results indicate that TQ encapsulated in SNEDDS significantly protects rat liver from I/R injury.
Green synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles for furfural production by photohydrolysis of unexplored residual biomass: the nejayote
Authors: López-Mercado Janneth , González-Domínguez Martha-Isabel , Reynoso-Marin Francisco-Javier , Acosta Brenda , Smolentseva Elena , Nambo Apolo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Green synthesis is characterized by using plants’ secondary metabolites (S-Met) to reduce metal ions into metallic atoms, which are subsequently nucleated and agglomerated, forming the nanoparticles (NPs). Thereby, the significant diminishing in producing toxic waste during the green synthesis approach may be considered an environmentally friendly alternative. In the present work, titania (TiO2) NPs were greenly synthesized using Ricinus Communis (RC), Moringa Oleifera (MO) or Bougainvillea Spectabilis (BS) plant extracts. Obtained nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, SEM, EDS, BET, XPS and UV-vis techniques. The physicochemical and electronic properties of synthesized nanoparticles were improved concerning the reference material. The surface area increased up to 17 times, accompanied by a decrease in crystal size (∼50%) and gap energy value. Furthermore, the photocatalytic performance of the obtained samples was evaluated in the furfural production from nejayote, an unexplored industrial residual biomass. The furfural yield was twice higher using the sample obtained from the BS metabolites than those obtained with the other S-Met, attributed to the preferable formation of xylose over other pentoses. This work proved the viability of nanomaterial synthesis using common plants abundant in Latin-American applied for the waste transformation coming from an overall process such as nixtamalization, the nejayote.
pH-dependent crystal structures of a humanised therapeutic antibody Fab fragment: impact on molecular dynamics simulations and comparison to solution structures
Authors: Tang Jiazhi , Zhang Cheng , Castillo Nuria Codina , Lalaurie Christophe , Gao Xin , Dalby Paul , Kozielski Frank 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Antibody-fragment (Fab) therapy development has the potential to be accelerated by computational modelling and simulations that predict their target binding, stability, formulation, manufacturability, and the impact of further protein engineering. Such approaches are currently predicated on starting with good crystal structures that closely represent those found under the solution conditions to be simulated. A33 Fab, is an undeveloped immunotherapeutic antibody candidate that was targeted to the human A33 antigen homogeneously expressed in 95% cases of primary and metastatic colorectal cancers. It is now used as a very well characterised testing ground for developing analytics, formulation and protein engineering strategies, and to gain a deeper understanding of mechanisms of destabilisation, representative of the wider therapeutic Fab platform. In this article, we report the structure of A33 Fab in two different crystal forms obtained at widely differing pH. These reveal important insights into the structural impact of pH on the ‘grafted’ complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) and the switch linker between the variable and the constant regions. It also enabled a direct evaluation of the impact of initial crystal structure selection on the outcomes of molecular dynamics simulations under different conditions, and their subsequent use for determining best fit solution structures using previously obtained small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) data. The differences in the two structures did not have a major impact on MD simulations regardless of the pH, other than a slight persistence of structure affecting the solvent accessibility of one of the predicted APR regions of A33 Fab. Interestingly, despite being obtained at pH 4 and pH 9, the two crystal structures were more similar to the SAXS solution structures obtained at pH 7, than to those at pH 4 or pH 9. Furthermore, the P65 crystal structure from pH 9 was also a better representation of the solution structures at any other pH, than was the P1 structure obtained at pH 4. Thus, while obtained at different pH, the two crystal structures may represent highly (P65) and lesser (P1) populated species that both exist at pH 7 in solution. These results now lay the foundation for confident MD simulations of A33 Fab that rationalise or predict behaviours in a range of conditions.
Immune-related cystitis due to immune checkpoint inhibitors: a case report
Authors: Li WenLai , Shi Kezhi , Li Xuanwei , Li Yue , Ma Congyuan , Zhu Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background：Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been proven to be beneficial in multiple advanced malignancies. However, the widespread use of ICIs also occurred with various immune-related adverse events (irAEs). However, while various immune-related adverse events related to immune checkpoint inhibitors have been reported, there are few reports of lower urinary tract symptoms.
Case presentation：A 42-year-old woman with lung cancer who was being treated with sintilimab, anlotinib, and denosumab presented to the nephrology department with frequent micturition, urgency, odynuria and gross hematuria. Initial laboratory tests did not reveal bacteria, but CT examination suggested cystitis. After empiric antiinfective therapy, the above symptoms did not improve significantly. The patient stopped taking sinlizumab and completed cystoscopy. Based on the combined clinical manifestations and laboratory findings, he was diagnosed with immune-related cystitis. Symptomatic relief was achieved via steroid treatment. Thereafter, the patient has been followed for 3 months without any symptoms or recurrence of immune-related cystitis
Conclusions: immune-related cystitis is a commonly misdiagnosed disease. However, early diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis through accumulated clinical data can help patients achieve a good prognosis. Therefore, clinicians need to be well aware of the variety of clinical characteristics and treatment options of this disease.
Cross-continental environmental and genome-wide
association study on children and adolescent anxiety
and depression.
Authors: Thapaliya Bishal , Ray Bhaskar , Farahdel Britny , Suresh Pranav , Sapkota Ram , Holla Bharath , Mahadevan Jayant , Chen Jiayu , Vaidya Nilakshi , Perrone-Bizzozero Nora , Benegal Vivek , Schumann Gunter , Calhoun Vince , Liu Jingyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents warrant special attention as a public health issue given their devastating
and long-term effects on development and mental health. Multiple factors, ranging from genetic vulnerabilities to environmental
stressors, influence the risk for the disorders. This study investigated the impact of environmental factors and genomics on
anxiety and depression in children and adolescents across three cohorts: the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development
Study (US), the Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions (India), and IMAGEN (Europe). Linear
mixed-effect models, recursive feature elimination regression, and LASSO regression models were used to identify the
environmental impact on anxiety/depression. Genome-wide association analyses were then performed for all three cohorts
with consideration of significant environmental effects. The most significant and consistent environmental factors were early
life stress and school risk. A novel SNP, rs79878474 in chr11p15, was identified as the most promising SNP associated with
anxiety and depression. Gene set analysis found significant enrichment in regions of chr11p15 and chr3q26, in the function of
potassium channels and insulin secretion, particularly Kv3, Kir-6.2, SUR potassium channels encoded by the KCNC1, KCNJ11,
and ABCCC8 genes, respectively, in chr11p15. Tissue enrichment analysis showed significant enrichment in the small intestine
and a trend of enrichment in the cerebellum. The study highlights the consistent impact of early life stress and school risk
on anxiety and depression during development and suggests the potential role of mutations in potassium channels and the
cerebellum region. Further investigation is needed to better understand these findings.
Prognostic value of immunogenic cell death genes in bladder cancer
Authors: Li Yongchen , Gao Yukui , Yang Zhen , Wu Yudong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background: The poor prognosis of bladder cancer (BLCA) highlights the need for the development of an effective and accurate prognostic model that can guide its diagnosis and treatment. Accumulating evidence suggest that immunogenic cell death (ICD) genes are involved in the BLCA tumorigenesisand which indicate their promise for the development of novel cell death-targeted treatments.
Methods: We extracted 433 BLCA samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas and screened them with univariate Cox, multivariate, and lasso Cox regression analyses. We identified 19 ICD-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and used these to create a risk model. The effectiveness of the model was verified using two independent clinical datasets, GSE13507 and GSE32894, while its predictive ability was analyzed via Kaplan-Meier and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses of survival. Finally, we used decision curve analysis to evaluate the 1-, 3-, and 5-year clinical effectiveness of the prognostic model.
Conclusions: We established a risk prognostic model based on ICD-related DEGs in BLCA. This model demonstrated high predictive accuracy for the overall survival of patients with BLCA, paving the way for an improved understanding of the disease.
Expression of AtNF-YB1 in rice leading to early flowering shows potential in rice breeding
Authors: Chen Kegui , Peng Meifang , Gan Feng , Pan Chunmei , Lin Xiaomin , Lin Feng , Ren Yuanhang , Na Shungui , Zhu Xinhai , Tang Wenwen , Wu Zhixue , Fan Xiaoli 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Grain yield and growth period are two critical agronomic traits for a rice cultivar to be used in field production. The growth period is mainly determined by the flowering time, which also greatly affects grain yields. An Arabidopsis gene, AtNF-YB1, was introduced into rice, including inbred Kasalath and two hybrids, Jinfeng × Chenghui 727 and Jinfeng × Chuanhui 907. All the transgenic rice showed flowering early under both natural long-day (NLD) and natural short-day (NSD). Kasalath with expression of the gene also showed shorter plant height and less grain yield with the decrease in spike length and grain number but more productive panicles. But, for the hybrids, much smaller or even no reduction of spike length, grain number, and more productive panicle were observed so that grain yields were kept or even increased underNLD. Transcript analysis of the major flowering-time genes suggested that suppression of the Ghd7 transcription activated flowering transition early in the transgenic rice. RNA-Seq further demonstrated that three pathways related to plant photosynthesis were markedly up-regulated in both Jinfeng B and hybrid Jinfeng ×Chuanhui 907. Accordingly, up-regulated photosynthetic rates in the transgenic plants were then observed in the subsequent experiments. All these results suggest that expression of AtNF-YB1 in rice may be useful for creating variety with early ripening, particularly for hybrid rice.
GSPT1 Promotes the Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Xu Lihua , Li Haitao , Wang Jing , Li Zhi , Fan Sijia , Xi Yiqing , Gong Lili , Hu Gang , Ye Chunmei , Deng Jiang , Feng Maohui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. However, some of the mechanisms underlying its development are unknown. In previous studies, the G1 to S phase transition 1 gene (GSPT1) has been shown to be essential in diverse biological processes. In addition to its role in translation termination, GSPT1 is reported to be involved in mRNA decay, cell cycle regulation, cytoskeleton organization, and apoptosis. Our results show that GSPT1is overexpressed in breast cancer and might serve as an independent biomarker. Our results show overexpression of GSPT1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of MCF-7 cells. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to knockdown GSPT1 in cells, which inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of SK-BR-3 cells. Further analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between GSPT1 and GSPT1-interacting protein angiopoietin-like 4(ANGPTL4) expression. Together, these findings suggest that GSPT1 may be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for breast cancer.
Medical students’ experiences, perceptions, and management of second victim: An interview study
Authors: Krogh Tobias Browall , Mielke-Christensen Anne , Madsen Marlene Dyrløv , Østergaard Doris , Dieckmann Peter 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background The term second victim describes a healthcare professional who has been involved in an adverse event and feels wounded by the event. The effects of this experience differ. It can present as second victim syndrome, describing a wide range and degree of emotional and behavioural responses. Studies show that medical students can also experience second victim. The aim of this study was to elucidate medical students’ experiences, perceptions, and management of second victim and second victim syndrome and to describe possible learning needs around these issues.Methods Thirteen medical students and two recent medical graduates participated in semi-structured focus group interviews. The interviews lasted 1.5-2 hours and were audiotaped, transcribed, and analysed using Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis.Results Five main themes were identified: contributing factors; current coping strategies; perception of own requirements and learning needs; implicit learning needs; wishes for the future healthcare system. Students’ behavioural and emotional response to dilemmas were affected by stakeholders and practices embedded in the healthcare system. Students described patient-injury and unexpected events as triggers for second victim, but also harmful interactions with individuals and feelings of self-blame. Students’ coping centred around their network, formal offers, and separation of personal- and work-life. Students sought a clear definition of second victim and a desire for role-models. Students emphasized the importance of the healthcare organisation understanding students’ needs and providing them relevant support. Implicit learning needs included how to handle feeling like a burden, managing waiting time after patient complaints, and learning how to help second victims recover.Conclusion Students experience second victim as described in the literature. Students’ emotional responses were caused by classical triggers, but also triggers in the educational environment: harmful interactions and self-blame. We must aim to prepare students for adverse events and emotional responses and potential learning needs to achieve this have been identified. The health organisation and healthcare professionals must support students’ mental well-being and contribute to ideal conditions for their professional development and management of second victim.
The 2010-15 anomaly in the Southern Hemisphere baseline CO2
Authors: Francey R. J. , Frederiksen J. S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The CO2 measured in baseline air collected over three decades from six Southern Hemisphere sites spanning 70° of latitude uniformly indicate an 11 PgC anomaly between 2010 and 2015. The anomaly, in annually averaged residuals from the smooth increase due to the cumulative total of long lived anthropogenic emissions, exceeds uptake expected from modelled sinks. It also departs from long term lagged correlations with ENSO indices. Air-surface exchange is of insufficient magnitude, abruptness, and persistence to explain the anomaly. Overestimation in the 3–4 PgC year− 1 interhemispheric flux of fossil emissions is implied. The anomaly trails the GFC, whose impact is complicated by anomalous within-NH and interhemispheric mixing. Resumption of atmospheric behaviour more consistent with emission estimates coincides with improved national emissions accounting at COP21. There is relevance to top-down air-surface flux estimates, for example, recent conflicting transport model estimates of Chinese emission trends or El Niño induced emissions.
A survey of mobile phone addiction with concentration, emotion, sleep quality, cognition, self-value, and academic performance among college students
Authors: Sun Jing-Ting , Zhang Min , Hu Bo , Zhao Yuan-Fang , Fan Yun-Yun , Chen Zhu-Hong , Shang Yu-Xuan , Li Yu-Ting , Zhang Chi , Sun Li-Li , Wang Wen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Mobile phones bring convenience to modern life but increase the risk of addiction. The purpose of this survey was to investigate the association between mobile phone addiction (MPA) and concentration, emotion, sleep quality, cognition, self-value, and academic performance of college students.Methods Preliminary data were collected from 402 college students. Participants completed 12 scales including the mobile phone addiction index (MPAI). The Pearson correlation test and the multiple linear regression analysis were used to investigate their relationship between MPA and other factors. The mediating effect model was used to analyze the influence of MPA on self-control and academic performance.Results The MPA was positively correlated with self-control, negative emotion, sleep quality, ability attribution, background attribution, luck attribution, mastery avoidance goal, performance approach goal, and performance avoidance goal, and negatively correlated with mindfulness, and attentional control. Meanwhile, self-control, negative emotion, and mastery avoidance goal can positively predict MPA. Self-control, but not MPA, is positively correlated with academic performance. MPA has no mediating effect between self-control and academic achievement.Conclusions Our study revealed some influence of MPA on contemporary college students, with the purpose of warning college students addicted to mobile phones not to waste time and improve self-control.
Post-CMOS processing challenges and design developments of CMOS-MEMS microheaters for local CNT synthesis
Authors: Roy Avisek , Ta Bao , Azadmehr Mehdi , Aasmundtveit Knut 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) can be locally grown on custom-designed CMOS microheaters by thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process to utilize the sensing capabilities of CNTs in emerging micro and nanotechnology applications. For such a direct CMOS-CNT integration, a key requirement is the development of necessary post-processing steps on CMOS chips for fabricating CMOS-MEMS polysilicon heaters that can locally generate the required CNT synthesis temperatures (~650–900 ˚C). In our post-CMOS processing, subtractive fabrication technique is used for micromachining the polysilicon heaters, where the passivation layers in CMOS are used as mask to protect the electronics. For the dielectric etching, it is necessary to achieve high selectivity, uniform etching and good etch rate to fully expose the polysilicon layers without causing damages. We achieved the successful post-CMOS processing by developing two-step reactive ion etching (RIE) of SiO2 dielectric layer and making design improvements on a second-generation CMOS chip. After the dry etching process, CMOS-MEMS microheaters are also partially suspended to obtain high thermal isolation by SiO2 wet etching with minimum damage to the exposed aluminium layers. The fabricated microheaters are then successfully utilized for synthesizing CNTs by local thermal CVD process. The CMOS post-processing challenges and design aspects to fabricate the CMOS-MEMS polysilicon microheaters for such high temperature applications are detailed in this article. Our developed process for heterogenous monolithic integration of CMOS-CNT shows the promise of wafer-level manufacturing of CNT-based sensors by incorporating additional steps in an already existing foundry CMOS process.
Advanced lung cancer inflammation index predicts survival outcome of cancer patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Zhang Xi , Li Yan-Hong , Huang Jia-Xin , Zhang Qi , Tang Meng , Deng Li , Cong Ming-Hua , Shi Han-Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Rationale: Patients with cancer and diabetes mellitus (DM) are more likely to develop a proinflammatory or malnourished status. Advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is a useful indicator of systemic inflammation and nutritional status. However, its association with mortality in patients with cancer and DM has not yet been clarified.Methods A total of 1466 patients with cancer and DM were included in this study. The association between ALI and overall survival was examined using the Kaplan–Meier method and the Cox model.Results Among the participants, 878 (59.9%) were men and 588 (40.1%) were women. The area under the curve (AUC) for all-cause mortality was higher for the ALI than the inflammation-based scores. An increase in ALI was inversely associated with all-cause mortality. Low ALI was associated with a worse prognosis in cancer patients with DM (HR, 1.47; 95% CI: 1.23–1.77; P < 0.01). For specific tumor types, low ALI was independently associated with worse prognosis in patients with lung cancer, upper gastrointestinal cancer, and colorectal cancer. The association between ALI and all-cause mortality was modified by age.Conclusions Low ALI is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with cancer and DM.