bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical outcomes and perioperative risk factors of patients with interstitial lung disease after pulmonary resection
Authors: Huang Chuan , Sun Yao-Guang , Ma Chao , Jiao Peng , Wu Qing-Jun , Tian Wen-Xin , Yu Han-Bo , Tong Hong-Feng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients of interstitial lung disease (ILD) combined with pulmonary lesions are increasingly common in clinical practice. Patients with ILD are at significantly higher risk for complications after pneumonectomy (including lobectomy and sublobar resection), especially acute exacerbations of ILD (AE-ILD). The purpose of this study is to summarize the short-term and long-term outcomes after pneumonectomy in ILD patients and to analyze the clinical factors affecting surgical safety.
Methods
From January 2004 to January 2022, a total of 78 patients who were diagnosed with ILD and underwent pneumonectomy at our center were enrolled in this study. Clinical data, pathological findings, surgical procedures, and intraoperative safety of these patients were collected retrospectively. Postoperative 90-day complications and mortality, long-term surgical outcomes from postoperative 90 days to 24 months, and changes in ILD condition were investigated. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors associated with postoperative complications.
Results
The median age of patients was 66.5 (range 33–86) years, 82.1% (64/78) of patients were male, and 78.2% (61/78) of patients had comorbidities. Idiopathic ILD and secondary ILD accounted for 86% and 14%, thoracotomy and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery accounted for 12.8% and 87.2%, and lobectomy and sublobar resection accounted for 37.2% and 62.8%, respectively. Postoperative 90-day complications occurred in 25.6% (20/78) of patients, with pulmonary complications and AE-ILD occurring in 15.4% and 9.0% of patients, respectively. The postoperative 90-day mortality rate was 5.1% (4/78), and the cause of death was AE-ILD. Exacerbation of ILD or other complications occurred in 12.8% (10/78) of patients from postoperative 90 days to 24 months. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that comorbidity, extent of resection, systemic lymph node dissection, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and pathology of pulmonary lesion were associated with postoperative 90-day complications. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index and intraoperative blood loss were identified as independent risk factors of postoperative 90-day complications.
Conclusions
Patients with ILD have a significantly higher risk of postoperative 90-day complications and mortality after pneumonectomy, especially pulmonary complications and AE-ILD. After postoperative 90 days, the risk of deterioration of pulmonary status remains high, including exacerbation of ILD and complications associated with long-term use of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressant. Age, comorbidity and intraoperative blood loss are high risk factors for postoperative 90-day complications.
Lived Experiences of Food Insecurity in a Northeastern Urban Setting: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Michaud Corinne 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective. To examine the lived experiences of both the food insecure and secure in relation to use of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Healthy Incentives Program (HIP) in a northeastern urban setting.
Study Design. Focus group data was placed into themes. A post-positivist paradigm was chosen to guide in data collection and analyses.
Participants/Setting: Participants (n=12) were purposively sampled from a local farm share program. All members of the farm share were welcome to participate, including those who were not food insecure (i.e., private pay members). Focus groups were conducted via Zoom, at the farm share pickup location at the Brighton Allston Congregational Church in Brighton, MA and in a conference room located in a government sponsored housing project, respectively, during Summer 2022.
Data Collection. Data was collected using a discussion guide of original design. Questions were chosen based on the objective of the study. An audit trail was maintained to document analytic decisions during data analysis.
Results. Three themes were identified: 1) There was an overall lack of knowledge of SNAP and HIP between both the food insecure and food secure participants, 2) There were distinct barriers preventing individuals from using these programs, and 3) There is a need for more robust education regarding SNAP and HIP among the underserved.
Conclusions. New research ought to focus on the analysis of pilot SNAP and HIP education programs. Policy change should continue to focus on increasing funding for these programs.
Copolymers of Caprylic Acid Allyl Ester With Butyl Methacrylate and Styrene as a Viscosity Additive for Lubricanting Oils
Authors:   Jeyhun Hamidova Elnara Hasanova1, Elkhan Isakov1, Faig Mammadov2, Nargiz Huseynova1, Kazimzadeh Lamia , Hasanova Elnara , Isakov Elkhan , Mammadov Faig , Huseynova Nargiz 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The paper is focused on synthesis the double copolymers of allyl ester of caprylic acid with butyl methacrylate, styrene and ternary copolymer with butyl methacrylate and styrene as viscosity additives in lubricanting oils.
Methods
The structure of synthesized compounds was proved by studying their physicochemical properties by IR and NMR spectroscopy. The molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution (MWD) of the copolymers were determined on a high-performance liquid chromatography. Thermal analysis of the synthesized copolymers was carried out using a simultaneous thermal analysis unit. The viscosity index and kinematic viscosity of the oil with the test copolymers were determined according to the appropriate ASTM methods.
Results
It has been established that the synthesized copolymers, having high viscosity-temperature, depressant properties, are effective viscosity additives that improve the thermal stability of mineral oils.
Conclusion
Conditions for the copolymerization of binary and ternary copolymers by the radical mechanism in the presence of benzoyl peroxide as an initiator have been developed. By adjusting the proportion of monomers, it has been shown that the synthesized copolymers can be dissolved in both mineral and complex essential oils.
Melt-mediated re-equilibration of zircon produced during meltdown of the Chernobyl reactor
Authors: Fougerouse Denis , Geisler Thorsten , Reddy Steven M. , Aleshin Matvei , Martin Laure , Doucet Luc S. , Quadir Zakaria , Saxey David , Rickard William 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The mineral zircon is used widely to constrain the age of rocks and the processes that formed them. Although zircon is robust to a range of physical and chemical processes, it may show evidence for rapid re-equilibration that is generally considered to reflect interaction with hydrous fluids. Here, we show that zircon grains that crystallized from melt produced during the catastrophic meltdown of the Chernobyl nuclear reactor exhibit re-equilibration textures that occurred in an environment without free water. The process of re-equilibration involved a melt-mediated interface-coupled dissolution-reprecipitation that took place over a few days to produce textures that are commonly observed in igneous and anatectic systems. Thus, the composition of zircon can be modified even in the absence of hydrous fluids in a short time frame. Through this process, zircon crystals may track the timing of the last silicate melt they interacted with.
Motif in Fiction: A New Research Methodology
Authors: Grunina L. P. , Saltymakova O. A. 
Published: March 2023

The article focuses on the understanding of the motif as one of the central categories of fiction and the key conceptof text analysis. The article focuses on various approaches to the pragmatic content of the motif. A review of scientific publications revealed an ambiguity in its definition: motif can be interpreted as a scenario act or an ideologeme. The author believes that the objective basis for determining the content and function of a particular motif is a detailed analysis of its verbalization in the text. The article introduces the fundamental difference between literary and linguo-stylistic approaches to the motif analysis. The author proposes a definition based on the linguo-stylistic status of the motif and a set of reference parameters, which is exemplified by a linguo-stylistic analysis of the motifs of beauty of nature and time of day in N. V. Gogol's May Night, or the Drowned Woman.
Linguistic and Culturological Commentary of Clothing Nominations in the Subdialects of the Middle Ob: Manufacturing Material
Authors: Manashova V. D. 
Published: March 2023

The article describes the features of linguistic and culturological commenting on lexical units related to the nominations of the traditional Russian costume. The focus is on the lexemes that denote the type of fabric. The research objective was to identify the cultural connotative component in the semantics of clothing nominations, associated with the fabric. The relevance of the study was in the fact that it made it possible to reveal the cultural component of the lexical meaning, objectifiedin the real communication of subdialect speakers. An attempt was made to reveal the cultural semantics of fabric names. This lexical group has never appeared in the focus of scientific attention. The study involved the speech of rural population from the Middle Ob region as it was recorded in the dictionaries of the Tomsk Dialect School and the Tomsk Dialect Corpus.The sampling procedure revealed more than two thousand linguistic units associated with clothes. The methods included interpretation, linguistic and culturological commentary, and systematization. The study defined the cultural connotative component of lexical meaning and three groups of fabric: 1) fabrics of industrial production intended for festive clothes, which demonstrated the wealth and status of the owner; 2) home-made fabrics for everyday wear; 3) seasonal materials of animal origin, which also characterized the status. The linguistic and cultural commentary revealed various characteristics of fabrics according to gender, season, social status, and routine vs. holidays. The parameters included utility, seasonality, prosperity, and status. They served as indicators of cultural traditions and can be interpreted as a cultural text represented through a linguistic and cultural commentary.
Protective Role of Cytochrome C Oxidase 5A (COX5A) against Mitochondrial
Disorder and Oxidative Stress in VSMC Phenotypic Modulation and
Neointima Formation
Authors: Guan Haijing , Sun Jingwen , Liang Xiuying , Yao Wenjuan 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The pathological role of cytochrome c oxidase 5A (COX5A) in vascular neointima
formation remains unknown.

Aim:
This study aims to investigate the role of COX5A on platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGFBB)-
mediated smooth muscle phenotypic modulation and neointima formation and clarify the molecular
mechanisms behind this effect.

Methods:
For in vitro assays, human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) were transfected
with pcDNA3.1-COX5A and COX5A siRNA to overexpress and knockdown COX5A, respectively.
Mitochondrial complex IV activity, oxygen consumption rate (OCR), H2O2 and ATP production, reactive
oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell proliferation, and migration were measured. For in vivo assays,
rats after balloon injury (BI) were injected with recombinant lentivirus carrying the COX5A gene.
Mitochondrial COX5A expression, carotid arterial morphology, mitochondrial ultrastructure, and ROS
were measured.

Results:
The results showed that PDGF-BB reduced the level and altered the distribution of COX5A in
mitochondria, as well as reduced complex IV activity, ATP synthesis, and OCR while increasing H2O2
synthesis, ROS production, and cell proliferation and migration. These effects were reversed by overexpression
of COX5A and aggravated by COX5A knockdown. In addition, COX5A overexpression attenuated
BI-induced neointima formation, muscle fiber area ratio, VSMC migration to the intima, mitochondrial
ultrastructural damage, and vascular ROS generation.

Conclusion:
The present study demonstrated that COX5A protects VSMCs against phenotypic modulation
by improving mitochondrial respiratory function and attenuating mitochondrial damage, as well as
reducing oxidative stress, thereby preventing neointima formation.
Safety of Surgical Removal of Aspirated Foreign Bodies after Failure of
Bronchoscopy Removal
Authors: Fadelelmoula Tarig , Hussein Husamuldin , Abdalla Momen 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Foreign body (FB) aspiration is uncommon, but potentially serious and life-threatening. Foreign body aspiration represents about 0.5% of adult bronchoscopy procedures. When bronchoscopic removal fails, the procedure should stop and a thoracic surgeon must join the procedure, and the most common surgical strategy is lobectomy.

Aims:
The aim of this study is to describe the outcome and safety of surgical removal of aspirated foreign bodies through minimal thoracic surgery after failure of bronchoscopic removal.

Materials and Methods:
This is a descriptive hospital study that involved 21 patients hospitalized in two main hospitals in Khartoum, Sudan, between September 2013 and October 2019, for the surgical removal of aspirated foreign bodies. We collected data on the demographics and clinical characteristics of the patients, the nature and anatomical location of the foreign body, and the surgical results.

Results:
The mean age of the patients was 14 years and 12 of them were women. The incident was accidental in all patients, and the mean time between the foreign body aspiration and surgery was approximately 2 weeks. Foreign bodies were found in the right lung in 15 of the patients. All foreign body removals were achieved by minimally invasive thoracic surgery. In 17 patients, the surgery was conservative, but two patients underwent lobectomy and pneumonectomy was performed in 2 patients. The postoperative course was favorable in all patients and no deaths were reported

Conclusion:
Minimally invasive thoracic surgery in our setting has provided a safe approach to the removal of aspirated foreign bodies after failure of bronchoscopic removal.
The Treatment of Congenital Recto-vestibular Fistula and Recto-perineal
Fistula, and the Effects of the Megarectum on Defecation
Authors: Li Jian , Dai Jinyu , Wu Xiaoxia , Sun Xiaobing 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
This study aims to discuss the treatment of congenital recto-vestibular fistula and recto-perineal fistula, and the effect of the megarectum on defecation.

Background:
Congenital recto-vestibular fistula or recto-perineal fistula is the most common type of anorectal malformation, and surgical methods include posterior sagittal anorectoplasty, anterior sagittal anorectoplasty, and mid-sagittal anorectoplasty, which can be performed at stage one or stage two after the ostomy. In the later stages of a recto-vestibular fistula, constipation is a common complication. Rectal dilatation is frequently associated with constipation, and the effect of rectal dilatation on defecation should be discussed for patients with congenital recto-vestibular or recto-perineal fistula who had rectal dilatation prior to surgery. Rectal dilatation may be one of the causes of constipation for congenital recto-vestibular fistula and recto-perineal fistula.

Methods:
The patients in this study were 67 children with congenital recto-vestibular fistula or recto-perineal fistula treated in our hospital from March 2013 to February 2017. All patients underwent an MRI of the spine and a barium enema. Six patients with myelodysplasia and sacral agenesis were excluded from this study. There were 18 patients with rectal dilatation (ages: 4-month-old to 1 year old, male: 3, female: 15). Seven of them had anterior sagittal anorectoplasty (group A), and 11 had anorectoplasty with dilated rectum resection (group B). Forty-three patients (ages: 3- to 10 months old, male: 6; female: 37) without a dilated rectum underwent anterior sagittal anorectoplasty (group C).

Results:
All patients were followed up for 1 year to 5 years. Among the 50 patients who had undergone an anoplasty, 5 out of 7 patients with rectal dilatation developed post-operative constipation, and 3 of them had normal defecation after the second resection of the dilated rectum. Only two out of 43 patients without rectal dilatation developed post-operative constipation. One out of 11 patients with rectal dilatation who underwent anoplasty and resection of the dilated rectum developed post-operative constipation

Conclusion:
Conclusion: Patients with congenital recto-vestibular fistula or recto-perineal fistula complicated by rectal dilatation are more susceptible to post-operative constipation. Resection of the dilated rectum at the same time can reduce the incidence rate of constipation. A barium enema should be performed pre-operatively for patients with congenital recto-vestibular fistula or recto-perineal fistula. If the dilated rectum is found, it can be resected at the same time.
Penggunaan Metode Discovery Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan Dan Prestasi Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Keterampilan Kelas XI IPA2 Semester 2 Tahun Pelajaran 2021/ 2022
Authors: Budi Sihono Setyo 
Published: March 2023

<p class="abstrak"><em>This research is aimed to find out if Discovery Learning Model can improve the active and learning achievement at class XI IPA2 in MAN 1 Kulon Progo. The subject of this reasearch is the students of MAN 1 Kulon Progo at class XI IPA2 for 24 students. The datum are obtained by using observation sheet and quantitative and qualitative data analysis. It is shown that there are significant improvements on cycle I, cycle II , and cycle III. The average scores of learning active are 58,20, on cycle I, 62,23 on cycle II and 66,92 on cycle III. The learning achievements also show significant improvement between cycle I, cycle II and cycle III. The average scores of learning achievement are 74,38 on cycle I, 77,75 on cycle II and 79,17 on cycle III. </em></p><p class="abstrak"><em> </em></p><p class="abstrak">Keywords: Discovery Learning Model, Learning Active, Learning Achievement<em> </em></p>
Home Health Care Clinicians’ Use of Judgment Language for Black and Hispanic Patients: Natural Language Processing Study
Authors: Topaz Maxim , Song Jiyoun , Davoudi Anahita , McDonald Margaret , Taylor Jacquelyn , Sittig Scott , Bowles Kathryn 
Published: March 2023

Background
A clinician’s biased behavior toward patients can affect the quality of care. Recent literature reviews report on widespread implicit biases among clinicians. Although emerging studies in hospital settings show racial biases in the language used in clinical documentation within electronic health records, no studies have yet investigated the extent of judgment language in home health care.

Objective
We aimed to examine racial differences in judgment language use and the relationship between judgment language use and the amount of time clinicians spent on home visits as a reflection of care quality in home health care.

Methods
This study is a retrospective observational cohort study. Study data were extracted from a large urban home health care organization in the Northeastern United States. Study data set included patients (N=45,384) who received home health care services between January 1 and December 31, 2019. The study applied a natural language processing algorithm to automatically detect the language of judgment in clinical notes.

Results
The use of judgment language was observed in 38% (n=17,141) of the patients. The highest use of judgment language was found in Hispanic (7,167/66,282, 10.8% of all clinical notes), followed by Black (7,010/65,628, 10.7%), White (10,206/107,626, 9.5%), and Asian (1,756/22,548, 7.8%) patients. Black and Hispanic patients were 14% more likely to have notes with judgment language than White patients. The length of a home health care visit was reduced by 21 minutes when judgment language was used.

Conclusions
Racial differences were identified in judgment language use. When judgment language is used, clinicians spend less time at patients’ homes. Because the language clinicians use in documentation is associated with the time spent providing care, further research is needed to study the impact of using judgment language on quality of home health care. Policy, education, and clinical practice improvements are needed to address the biases behind judgment language.
Intracutaneous Transplantation of Islets Within a Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix as an Alternative Site for Islet Transplantation
Authors: Rojas-Canales Darling , Walters Stacey N. , Penko Daniella , Cultrone Daniele , Bailey Jacqueline , Chtanova Tatyana , Nitschke Jodie , Johnston Julie , Kireta Svjetlana , Loudovaris Thomas , Kay Thomas W. , Kuchel Tim R. , Hawthorne Wayne , O’Connell Philip J. , Korbutt Greg , Greenwood John E. , Grey Shane T. , Drogemuller Chris J. , Coates P. Toby 
Published: March 2023

Intrahepatic islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes is limited by the need for multiple infusions and poor islet viability posttransplantation. The development of alternative transplantation sites is necessary to improve islet survival and facilitate monitoring and retrieval. We tested a clinically proven biodegradable temporizing matrix (BTM), a polyurethane-based scaffold, to generate a well-vascularized intracutaneous “neodermis” within the skin for islet transplantation. In murine models, BTM did not impair syngeneic islet renal-subcapsular transplant viability or function, and it facilitated diabetes cure for over 150 days. Furthermore, BTM supported functional neonatal porcine islet transplants into RAG-1−/− mice for 400 days. Hence, BTM is nontoxic for islets. Two-photon intravital imaging used to map vessel growth through time identified dense vascular networks, with significant collagen deposition and increases in vessel mass up to 30 days after BTM implantation. In a preclinical porcine skin model, BTM implants created a highly vascularized intracutaneous site by day 7 postimplantation. When syngeneic neonatal porcine islets were transplanted intracutaneously, the islets remained differentiated as insulin-producing cells, maintained normal islet architecture, secreted c-peptide, and survived for over 100 days. Here, we show that BTM facilitates formation of an islet-supportive intracutaneous neodermis in a porcine preclinical model, as an alternative islet-transplant site.

Article Highlights
Human and porcine pancreatic islets were transplanted into a fully vascularized biodegradable temporizing matrix (Novosorb) that creates a unique intracutaneous site outside of the liver in a large-animal preclinical model. The intracutaneous prevascularized site supported pancreatic islet survival for 3 months in a syngeneic porcine-transplant model. Pancreatic (human and porcine) islet survival and function were demonstrated in an intracutaneous site outside of the liver for the first time in a large-animal preclinical model.