bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of degree of cultivation of sod-podzolic soil on dynamics of content of soil organic carbon
Authors: Shikhova L. N. 
Published: January 2025

In 1999–2001 on the fields of the Falenky Breeding Station (Kirov region), the dynamics of the content of soil organic carbon (Corg) and its labile part (Clab) in sod-podzolic arable soil of varying degrees of cultivation were studied. The arable layer of weakly cultivated variant of the soil was characterized by high acidity (pHKCl – 3.88) and low organic carbon content (Corg – 0.91 %). The well cultivated variant had an acidity close to neutral in the arable horizon (pHKCl – 6.14) and a total carbon content at the average level for sod-podzolic loamy soils of the region (Corg – 1.10 %). Soil samples were taken during the growing season once a month in a sixfold repetition from the arable horizon and in a threefold repetition for horizons A2B and B. It was revealed that during all years of observation in the arable horizon of the soil of the cultivated variant, the Corg content was significantly higher (by 16–76 %). In the underlying horizons of soils of both variants, the carbon content was sharply reduced to 0.2–0.6 %. The content of labile part of organic carbon did not differ by variants and varied from 0.05 to 0.19 % depending on the horizon and observation period. However, in the arable horizon of weakly cultivated soil, the proportion of labile carbon in the composition of total organic carbon was significantly higher, which indicated less stability of the soil organic matter system. The content of both forms of soil organic matter varied significantly over the years and during the growing season. Maximum values of Corg content were noted at the beginning and at the end of the observation season. Minimum values were noted in July. Content of Clab was decreasing from the beginning to the end of the season.
PENERAPAN FILSAFAT KOMUNIKASI DALAM KONSELING
Authors: Rosalinda Rosalinda , Karneli Yeni , Solfema Solfema 
Published: January 2025

Penerapan filsafat komunikasi dalam konseling sangat penting untuk membangun hubungan konstruktif antara konselor dan klien. Dalam dunia konseling, keberhasilan proses konseling sangat bergantung pada kemampuan konselor dalam berkomunikasi dengan jelas dan penuh empati. Menerapkan prinsip komunikasi sangat membantu dalam menciptakan suasana yang nyaman bagi klien. Artikel ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan yang membahas prinsip-prinsip filosofis dapat membimbing konselor dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang aman dan tepercaya di mana klien merasa berdaya untuk mengeksplorasi pengalaman dan menjelajahi perasaan mereka. Lebih jauh, studi ini menyelidiki bagaimana perspektif filosofis yang berbeda, seperti konstruktivisme dan eksistensialisme, telah memengaruhi praktik konseling.
Цели организации Совета по делам Русской Православной Церкви и его функции
Authors: Палазник А.В. 
Published: January 2025

В статье представлен краткий обзор целей и функций работы органа государственной власти, регулирующего диалог между Церковью и Советским государством – Совета по делам Русской Православной Церкви. При создании Совета государственная власть в лице И. В. Сталина преследовала следующие цели: Совет должен был осуществлять надзор и руководство над Церковью; способствовать Ее лояльности Советской власти; регламентировать все церковно-государственные отношения. Проведение политики частичного возрождения религиозной жизни должно было продемонстрировать мировому сообществу, вопреки сложившемуся мнению, лояльное отношение к религии в Советском Союзе. В функции Совета входили: разработка законодательных актов, касающихся Церкви, контроль за реализацией этих законов на местах, информирование правительства СССР о состоянии Церкви, содействие Церкви в случае препятствий на местах в выполнении ее «служебных обязанностей» и др.
The article presents a brief overview-a study of the goals and functions of the Council for the Affairs of the Russian Orthodox Church, a public authority regulating the dialogue between the Church and the Soviet state. When the Council was created, the state power in the person of I. V. Stalin had its own goals: on the one hand, it was obvious that the Council was supposed to supervise and guide the Church (formally, however, it was created to "establish communication between the government of the USSR and the Patriarch"), on the other hand, the Council provided the Church with some guarantees (for example, that churches would not be closed without his permission, etc.). The implementation of a policy of partial revival of religious life was supposed to demonstrate to the world community, contrary to popular opinion, a loyal attitude towards religion in the Soviet Union. The functions of the Council included: drafting legislative acts concerning the Church, monitoring the implementation of these laws on the ground, informing the government of the USSR about the state of the Church, assisting the Church in case of obstacles on the ground in the performance of its "official duties", etc.
Conditional Constructions in Yemsa
Authors: Asrat M. , Mengistu G. , Assef E. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The main objective of this study is to produce a comprehensive description of Yemsa conditional constructions. The existing studies do not describe conditional clauses in Yemsa. This study aims to fill the gap in the description of the internal structure conditional clause of Yemsa.Methodology and sources. The data were collected through the elicitation technique through informant interviews about the conditional clause in Yemsa. The data were analyzed using a descriptive approach without considering any particular theoretical framework. The data was described and analyzed in light of general definitions and typological classifications of conditional constructions in the linguistic literature.Results and discussion. Antecedent and consequent clauses are attested. The morphemes occur in different types of conditional clauses. Canonical and non-canonical forms of conditional have been identified. The semantic-based classification of Yemsa conditionals is dealt with in light of Thompson et al.'s typological view. Real, unreal, counterfactual, hypothetical, concessive, and exceptive conditional are discussed. In Yemsa, the protasis of the real conditional clause type differs from the unreal protasis conditional clause type. A subordinate clause (the protasis) states some condition, the truth of which is not asserted, under which another main clause (the apodosis) holds.Conclusion. The study will provide some syntactic data to researchers in the comparative syntactic description of the Omoto languages about conditional clauses. It will serve as a good resource material for further theoretical studies concerning conditional constructions in general.
Structural Types of Speech Acts with the Explicit Mode of Belief and their Expressive Properties in Scientific Dialogue
Authors: Chalova O. N. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction. The article is about identifying structural and pragmatic features of references to belief presented in scientific dialogue that involves the verbal interaction of scientists and develops in a spontaneous way at a scientific forum of any format in order to discuss and solve a scientific problem. The relevance of the analysis is predetermined by a number of factors: the focus of modern pragmatics on the study of various types of statements (including references to belief), the importance of an integrative approach to the analysis of communicative processes and phenomena and the need for a total description of scientific dialogue as a socially and linguistically significant type of communication as well as by the necessity to study similarities and differences between national variants of the same type of communication.Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of the research is made up of the works by N. A. Alexandrova, E. G. Zadvornaya, L. N. Maslova, E. S. Troyanskaya, L. V. Slavgorodskaya, N. V. Solovyova and others devoted to the study of scientific dialogue. The source of the research material is made up transcripts of Russian and English scientific discussions in various fields of knowledge (from 2000 until now). The analysis is based on the structural, semantic and functional research methods.Results and discussion. The work reveals the structure of both the dictum and mode parts of references to belief (messages with an elliptical and expanded dictum as well as with an introductory, independent, subordinate and implicit modes), defines the pragmatic and expressive properties of various structural types of statements with the mode of belief (appellative and reflexive messages as well as more expressive and less expressive ones).Conclusion. The conclusion about the structural diversity of statements with the mode of belief (which indicates the importance of the phenomenon under study) as well as about some differences between Russian and English references to belief has been made.
Pengaruh Persediaan Bahan Baku dan Tenaga Kerja terhadap Target Produksi
Authors: I Magi Bahmid , Mulyadi Diki 
Published: January 2025

The background of this study is fluctuations in production targets, due to the problem of raw material supply and labor at PT Tirta Gracia Semesta Mandiri, Bandung Regency which affects the production target. This research aims to determine the effect of raw material and labor supplies on production targets simultaneously and partially at PT Tirta Gracia Semesta Mandiri, Bandung Regency. Type of quantitative research using associative methods. The data used is primary data. Collection techniques through questionnaires, observations and interviews with employees of the companies studied. The population is all production employees at PT Tirta Gracia Semesta Mandiri, totaling 24 people with a sample of 24 people. Research results at PT Tirta Gracia Semesta Mandiri show that there is a significant influence between Raw Material Inventory on production targets of 14.5% for the R^2 test, with t test results where the t_count>t_table value (1.934 > 1.321) means that H_1 is accepted, there is a significant influence between Labor on Production Targets of 61.4% for the R^2 test, with t test results where the t_count > t_table value (5.917 > 1.321) means that H_1 is accepted, and simultaneously there is a significant influence between the supply of raw materials and labor on the production target of 61.8% for the R^2 test, with the F test results where the value of F_count > F_table (16.974 > 3 .44).
Neurofilament Light Chain Assessment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Distal Symmetrical Polyneuropathy
Authors: Abdelmalik Salem Israa , Sura  Ahmed Abdulsattar  , Alrubaye Haider Fadhil 
Published: January 2025

الخلاصة :
الخلفية: بروتين هيكلي خلوي خاص بالخلايا العصبية يطلق عليه سلسلة الخيوط العصبية الخفيفة يقع في سايتوبلازم المحاور المغلفة بالمايلين خصوصا تلك التي لديها قطر كبير ويكون ضرورياً للحفاظ عبى حجم هذه المحاور ويوفر دعم هيكلي لها .ترتبط الشيخوخة و اضطرابات وظائف الكلى, امراض الكبد, الاعتلالات العصبية و مرض السكري بارتفاع مستويات سلسلة الخيوط العصبية الخفيفة في مص الدم. وتعتبر علامة حيوية غير جراحية يمكن ان تساعد في تشخيص اعتلال الاعصاب المتعدد المتناظرالبعيد و ربما التنبأ بمساره .
الاهداف : تقييم مستوتات سلسلة الخيوط العصبية الخفيفة في امصال مرضى السكري الذين يعانون من الاعتلال الاعصاب المتعدد المتماثل البعيد ومقارنه مستوياته مع مرضى السكري الذين لا يعانون من اعتلال الاعصاب المتعدد المتناظرالبعيد باستخدام دراسة الاعصاب ونظام النقاط للتحري التحري مشيغان.
المواد والطرق : شارك 126 مريض من الذكور والاناث الذين يعانون من مرض السكري النوع الثاني في هذه الدراسة المقطعية التي امتدت من نهاية عام 2022 الى منتصف عام 2023 في مركز السكري التابع للجامعه المستنصرية.بعد الحصول على الموافقة اللفظية, تم تقييم الوظائف الاعصاب الطرفية للمرضى الخاضعين للدراسة وتم احتساب مؤشر كتلة الجسم باستخدام طولهم و وزنهم. تم تحديد مستويات جميع انواع الدهنيات و سلسلة الخيوط العصبية الخفيفة في المصل . تم استخدام المعادلات لحساب VLDL و LDL .
النتائج : اظهرت هذه الدراسة عدم وجود تغيير في مستويات مصل سلسلة الخيوط العصبية الخفيفة عند مقارنة المرضى الذين يعانون من اعتلال الاعصاب المتعدد المتناظر البعيد وبدونه. بالاضافة الى ذلك, لم يتم العثور على اي تغير بناءأ على درجات فحص المرضى مشيغان .
الكلمات المفتاحية: الخيوط العصبية الخفيفة, اعتلال الاعصاب المتعدد المتناظر البعيد, دراسة التوصيل العصبي, أداة فحص الاعتلال العصبي مشيغان .
An assessment of the impact of target costing on the financial performance of south African state-owned entities
Authors: Mchavi Nyiko D. , Ngwakwe Collins C, 
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the effect of target costing on the financial performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). The paper aims to clarify the impact of this strategic cost management technique, particularly target costing on financial performance variable. The result of the study highlights an increasing importance of target costing in improving organisational profitability by depicting a favourable association between target costing and financial performance. This paper enhances the current knowledge base by investigating the particular setting of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and analysing the possible moderating variables that might affect the link between target costing and financial success. Moreover, this paper provides significant insights for policymakers and practitioners in state-owned enterprises aiming to enhance their financial performance via strategic cost management.
Netiquette dalam Perspektif Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan sebagai Perwujudan Warga Digital yang Baik
Authors: Hidayah Yayuk , Feriyansyah Feriyansyah 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali, mengkaji, dan mengkonstruksi netiquette dalam perspektif Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan sebagai perwujudan warga digital yang baik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode lybrary research, objek yang di kaji pada penelitian ini berasal dari buku, catatan, Jurnal, transkrip, laporan penelitian dan dokumen lain yang dapat ditemukan dan terkait dengan netiquette dalam perspektif Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan sebagai perwujudan warga digital yang baik. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yakni dengan dokumentasi, Analisis data dilakukan saat peneliti mulai mengumpulkan data, dengan cara memilah data untuk menjawab fokus penelitian. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi teori. Hasil kajian menunjukan jika netiquette dalam perspektif Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan sebagai perwujudan warga digital yang baik ialah dengan memperuat kohesi sosial online agar dapat membangun komunitas online yang sehat, positif, dan saling mendukung, serta meminimalkan tindakan yang merugikan orang lain atau masyarakat secara umum. Selain itu, literacy digital dalam konsep netiquette dapat mewujudkan kesadaran global warga negara agar dapat berpartisipasi mengatasi isu global. Artikel ini menyimpulkan jika dengan menerapkan netiquette ini dalam kehidupan online akan dapat menjadi warga digital yang baik dan bertanggung jawab serta menghindari tindakan yang merugikan orang lain atau masyarakat secara umum.
Keywords: Netiquette, Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan, Perwujudan Warga Digital
Conservative mechanism through various rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) varieties respond to heavy metal (Cadmium, Lead, Arsenic) stress
Authors: Li Lingyu , Fan Zhanhuang , Gan Qingqin , Xiao Gang , Luan Mingbao , Zhu Rilong , Zhang Zhenqian 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionHeavy metal soil pollution is a global issue that can be efficiently tackled through the process of phytoremediation. The use of rapeseed in the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated agricultural land shows great potential. Nevertheless, its ability to tolerate heavy metal stress at the molecular level remains unclear.MethodsHere, with 7-day seedlings as raw materials, we investigated physiological and biochemical indexes, analyzed the transcriptome sequencing for different treated materials (control, 50×, and 100×), combined with the results of transcriptome and proteome sequencing of the near-isogenic lines (F338 and F335) to reveal the response mechanism to heavy metal stress. Due to oxidative stress response caused by heavy metal stress, there are heavy effects on the emergence of rapeseeds and the growth of seedlings. Although rapeseed can alleviate oxidative stress by enhancing the enzyme activity, especially peroxidase in the oxidation system, this process has its limits. Rapeseed plants activate antioxidase, transport enzymes, and biological regulation to cope with heavy metal stress. Among these responses, peroxidase, ABC transporters, and abscisic acid are particularly significant in this process.Results and discussionBased on this study, we identified a breeding material with high adsorption capacity for heavy metals, which contributed to the research on resistance breeding in rapeseed. The results of this study may be useful to alleviate heavy metal soil pollution and tackle edible oil shortages in China.
The aftermath of multiple trauma on a nation: unraveling Lebanon’s unique mental health struggle
Authors: Karam Elie G. , El-Jamal Mariam , Osman Rayane , Toukan Sana , Mouawad Ghiwa Ishac , Al Barathie Josleen 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis study examines the national prevalence of mental health disorders and their associated factors in Lebanon, specifically in the aftermath of the 2020 events, including the catastrophic events of Beirut blast and the concurrent financial meltdown amid the global pandemic.MethodsConducted between July and September 2022, the study interviewed a nationally representative sample of 1,000 Lebanese via telephone, using the Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) system. Gender-specific bivariate and multivariate models were generated for probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety.ResultsHigh rates of mental health disorders emerged — 47.8% screened positive for probable depression, 45.3% for probable anxiety, and 43.5% met the probable diagnosis for PTSD. Multivariate gender-specific analyses revealed no significant associations with governorate, employment status, or marital status, while the financial composite score consistently influenced all disorders.ConclusionLebanon faces a severe mental health crisis, evidenced by elevated rates of probable depression, anxiety, and PTSD. The universal impact of multiple traumas transcends typical determinants, emphasizing the need for nuanced interventions and targeted policy considerations.
The effectiveness of music therapy in improving behavioral symptoms among children with autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Xiuyan , Xu Guangjun , Fu Ningning , Ben Qi , Wang Lin , Bu Xiumei 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesThis comprehensive review and meta-analysis aimed to thoroughly identify the effectiveness of music therapy (MT) in improving behavioral symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) by analyzing the data from all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to this field.MethodsFrom inception until September 18, 2024, PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, SinoMed, and Embase were searched. Two reviewers extracted the data separately, and any controversies between the authors’ assessments were resolved by conversation or speaking with another author. The behavioral symptoms scale score before and after the intervention was taken from the included trials and used to reflect the therapeutic effect of music therapy in children with autism.Results2607 records across all retrieved databases were discovered, thirteen of which were included in a meta-analysis with 1160 participants. According to the meta-analysis, children with autism showed a substantial improvement in their behavior symptoms when receiving music treatment (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.93 to -0.39, p &lt; 0.001). With I2 = 78% and P &lt; 0.001, we did discover a medium level of heterogeneity among the included studies.ConclusionsMT has a positive impact on improving behavioral symptoms in children with autism. However, given the significant heterogeneity and limitations in this study, RCTs with rigorous methodological quality are still required to confirm the curative benefits of MT in autistic children precisely.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42024597939.
Analysis of Polyphenolic Composition, Antioxidant Power and Stress-Response Effects of Fractionated Perilla Leaf Extract on Cells In Vitro
Authors: Lia Frederick , Baron Byron 
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: Perilla frutescens has historically been used to protect against inflammation and redox stress. This has been partly attributed to its high polyphenolic content; however, polyphenolic components in Perilla extract remain incompletely defined. This study aimed to characterise the polyphenolic composition in Perilla extract and evaluate its effect on the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), regulating antioxidant defenses during inflammation and oxidative stress. Methods: Hot water extraction from Perilla leaves was followed by fractionation using four solvents of different polarity, namely methanol, butanol, ethyl acetate and ether. The polyphenolic composition of these fractions was analysed using RP-HPLC, and some of these compounds were quantified. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and ortho-diphenolic contents of each Perilla fraction were determined. The antioxidant activity was assessed using metal cation reduction and radical scavenging assays. A dual-luciferase assay using a human NQO1 ARE-luciferase reporter plasmid was employed to quantify Nrf2 activation by the Perilla fractions. Results: HPLC analysis identified 35 polyphenolic compounds, with the highest phenolic content present in the polar fractions and rosmarinic acid being the major constituent. Radical scavenging tests (DPPH and ABTS) confirmed the highest antioxidant capacity in the polar fractions. On cells in vitro, the methanol Perilla fraction displayed the strongest antioxidant activity, showing up to a 1.5-fold increase in human NQO1 ARE-luciferase reporter induction. Conclusions: This study has shown that Perilla extract contains a diversity of polyphenolic compounds contributing to its potent antioxidant effects, with methanol and butanol being the most efficient extraction solvents. While rosmarinic acid is expected to be the major contributor towards providing protection against inflammation and redox stress, further work is required on the synergystic effects between different polyphenols.