bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibronectin type-III domain-containing protein 5 genetic polymorphism and serum irisin-level change in relation to type-2 diabetes mellitus with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Kamel Samar M. , Ahmed Nagwa S. , El Moety Muhammed A.A. , El Hameed Nayel A. 
Published: July 2023

Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders that are defined by the presence of levels over a prolonged period. Many complications arise from the long-term standing of hyperglycemia, among which is diabetic nephropathy. Irisin is a newly described exercise-mediated myokine that regulates energy metabolism by converting white into brown fat. Irisin is produced upon cleavage of the precursor plasma membrane protein fibronectin type-III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) and enters the circulation. Irisin was found to be associated with renal functions in chronic kidney disease patients and diabetic nephropathy patients.

Patients and methods
This study was conducted on 69 Egyptian adult patients (50 females and 19 males), including 53 patients of type-2 diabetics (38 diabetics only and 15 diabetic nephropathy) and 16 healthy controls matched with the patients for the ethnic and demographic characteristics. Serum irisin and insulin were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Genomic DNA was genotyped for FNDC5 rs3480 polymorphism using TaqMan genotyping assay.

Results
We found that irisin level was lower in T2DM (mean±SD=13.11 + 38.14) and diabetic nephropathy (mean±SD=24.99 ± 48.8) patients than controls (mean±SD=13.39 + 26.2) with no significance. The results of our study showed no association between the FNDC5 rs3480 genotype AG [in comparison between control and diabetic nephropathy odds ratio=0.5 (0.1–2.2) with P=0.5]. Also, the AA genotype [odds ratio=2.6 (0.59–11.06), P=0.2] did not show a significant effect on nephropathy in T2DM.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that FNDC5 gene rs3480 A>G polymorphism provides a weak risk with no apparent significance of nephropathy on T2DM without effect on serum irisin level. T2DM is associated with decreased levels of circulating irisin, but it was increased in diabetic patients with nephropathy.
Enhanced deep soft interference cancellation for multiuser symbol detection
Authors: Kim Jihyung , Kim Junghyun , Lee Moon‐Sik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe detection of all the symbols transmitted simultaneously in multiuser systems using limited wireless resources is challenging. Traditional model‐based methods show high performance with perfect channel state information (CSI); however, severe performance degradation will occur if perfect CSI cannot be acquired. In contrast, data‐driven methods perform slightly worse than model‐based methods in terms of symbol error ratio performance in perfect CSI states; however, they are also able to overcome extreme performance degradation in imperfect CSI states. This study proposes a novel deep learning‐based method by improving a state‐of‐the‐art data‐driven technique called deep soft interference cancellation (DSIC). The enhanced DSIC (EDSIC) method detects multiuser symbols in a fully sequential manner and uses an efficient neural network structure to ensure high performance. Additionally, error‐propagation mitigation techniques are used to ensure robustness against channel uncertainty. The EDSIC guarantees a performance that is very close to the optimal performance of the existing model‐based methods in perfect CSI environments and the best performance in imperfect CSI environments.
Persepsi Siswa Terhadap Keteladanan Guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen Pada Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri Di Malinau
Authors: A. Septiani , Mary Eirene 
Published: July 2023

Exemplary is a person's attitude in setting an example through good actions so that they can be role models for other. Christian Education (CE) teacher must be role models for students as well as for the community to be able to apply in daily life what is taught in classroom through words, behavior, love, faithfulness, and purity of life. In addition, CE teacher must meet the personality competencies of teachers, namely: they must be patient, honest, disciplined and fair. The formulation of the problem in this study is how students perceive the example of CE teachers. The purpose of the study was to describe students' perceptions of the example of PAK teachers. The research method used in this study is a qualitative research method. From the results of the study, it was concluded that based on student perceptions, CE teacher have become role models in several ways and have not become role models for several other things.
IDENTIFIKASI ANALISIS KADAR KARBOHIDRAT DAN KADAR GULA REDUKSI METODE LUFF SCHOORL DARI HIDROLISIS SELULOSA LIMBAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia L.)
Authors: Sari Nurmala 
Published: July 2023

Dalam penentuan uji kadar karbohidrat , pada sampel limbah buah mengkudu dilakukan analisis, yaitu analisis secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Uji analisis yang sudah dilakukan dalam analisis hidrolisis selulosa limbah buah mengkudu secara kualitatif yaitu menggunakan uji benedict sehingga menghasilkan endapan merah bata dan secara kuantitatif menggunakan metode Nelson-Somogyi menghasilkan kadar gula reduksi sebsar 11.87%. Secara berkelanjutan dilakukan uji penentuan kadar karbohidrat dari hasil hidrolisis yaitu analisis karbohidrat total dan analisis gula reduksi dengan metode Luff Schoorl. Akhir penelitian yang sudah dilakukan dari hidrolisis selulosa limbah buah mengkudu, menunjukkan bahwa hasil rata-rata total kadar karbohidrat yaitu 51. 83% dan hasil gula reduksi rata-rata menurut metode Luff Schoorl adalah 16.52%. Karbohidrat berperan sebagai pemberi rasa manis, penentuan kadar karbohidrat dilakukan dengan mengukur jumlah gula reduksi yang dikandungnya. Rasa manis ini dikarenakan adanya gula reduksi.
Hyperkinetic disorder and attention deficiency and hyperactivity syndrome in adults
Authors: Gorodnicheva A. V. , Ponomarev I. A. , Sidenkova A. P. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Hyperkinetic disorder (HR) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are traditionally regarded as a pathology of childhood, but the frequency of its detection among the adult population is high. GR and ADHD has a significant impact on professional, educational activities and social and domestic relationships.The purpose of the work was to systematize the current data in the field of research on hyperkinetic disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults.Materials and methods Full-text publications of metaanalyses from 2017 to 2022 were searched in the PubMed electronic search engine for full-text keyword matches. The criterion for not including a publication in this review was a study conducted on a sample of individuals under 18 years of age. A total of 154 unique references were checked, of which 70 articles were included in the review.Results and discussion. ADHD is a polyethiological disorder. ADHD symptoms can be associated with other pathological conditions, which can influence the pathogenetic and clinical picture. A number of authors consider ADHD symptoms in terms of adaptation to the modern information environment. Positive aspects of ADHD are pointed out: the ability to be creative, the ability to find non-standard, original solutions, an increased capacity for empathy. In a number of modern works, persons with ADHD have an increased ability to “hyperfocus” on activities relevant to the individual, although not all researchers adhere to this opinion.Conclusion. The clinical essence of ADHD is its dysontogenetic nature. The range of etiological factors, both external and internal, that can lead to the development of ADHD symptoms is quite wide, and the likelihood of comorbid conditions is extremely high. Not all of the classifications and diagnostic criteria aimed at identifying ADHD symptoms in individuals under 18 years of age can be applied to adult patients, which shifts the epidemiological indicators toward a reduction of the disorder in the adult population.
Pediatric chest pain and synopsis is a current problem of pediatrics
Authors: Sozonov A. V. , Tsarkova S. A. , Trunova Y. A. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Cardialgia is a common reason for seeking medical care in the practice of the pediatrician and pediatric cardiologist. The combination of cardialgia and syncope in children can pose a health risk, leading to possible injuries, and is a factor of fear and anxiety in these families. Insufficient information on the pathophysiological basis of the development of cardialgia and syncope in children and the absebce of clear criteria for their prognosis and prevention were the reasons for a detailed study of the literature related to this issue.The aim of the work was to systematize the current literary data on the causes of cardialgia and syncope in children and to determine directions for further study of the problem to improve monitoring by pediatricians and pediatric cardiologists.Materials and methods. We searched for scientific articles using the keywords pediatric chest pain and syncope in the Pubmed, UpToDate 2022, Customer Service, and RSCI databases. Sixty publications were selected for analysis.Results and discussion. Cardialgia is pain in the heart region, which in combination with fainting can be a symptom of a large number of diseases, which determines the different approach of medical specialists involved in the treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system, and requires a special diagnosis. Cardialgia is characterized by polymorphism of both complaints and subjective sensations, and objective data. All this is caused by a variety of etiopathogenesis of this symptom.Conclusion. Cardialgia is a current problem in pediatric practice. This literature review summarizes the information accumulated over several years on the diagnosis of cardialgia and syncope in children and determines the trajectory of further study of the problem.
Orbital complications of rhinogenic etiology in children: some aspects
Authors: Veshkurtseva I. M. , Kuznetsova N. E. , Izvin A. I. , Ponomareva M. N. , Izmailova A. А. , Yudina S. S. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Rhinosinusogenic orbital complications (RSOC) rank first among all serious complications of inflammatory diseases of the paranasal sinuses and require timely diagnosis and an interdisciplinary approach in the administration of this category of patients.The aim of the study. was to study the features of the nature of the course, diagnosis and tactics of managing children with RSOC according to the children’s ENT department of the OKB No. 2, Tyumen.Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of children with RSOC was carried out. The leukocyte shift indices (LSI) were calculated. The microbiological landscape in purulent RSOC and the tactics of introducing patients with these complications were studied.Results and Discussion. Among the entire pathology of the paranasal sinuses, RSOS were observed in 12.9% of cases. In 53.6% of cases, RSOC occurred in boys. Reactive edema of the tissue of the eyelids and orbits was in 86.1% of cases, other forms were less common. Of the microflora, the leading positions were occupied by Staphylococcus spp. In 54.2 % of cases, only conservative therapy was used, in every third case − minimally invasive manipulations, in 11 % − surgery. In 84.6 % of cases, empiric therapy was started with protected aminopenicillins, 3rd generation cephalosporins (12.8 %). In the presence of a subperiosteal abscess or phlegmon of the orbit (23.1 %), a transfer was made to reserve preparations. LSI values greater than 3.58 were more typical for purulent-septic complications of the eyelids and orbit, which required early surgical intervention and prevention of intraorbital and intracranial complications.Conclusion Among RSOC in children, reactive edema of eyelids and eye sockets predominates. The microbial landscape in purulent orbital complications was characterized by pronounced polymorphism, which makes it difficult to choose empirical antibiotic therapy. Calculation of the LSI allows for early diagnosis and timely therapy with the choice of the optimal scope of medical intervention and an interdisciplinary approach, which reduces the risk of developing purulent-septic complications of the orbit and eyelids.
Biochemical criteria for pulmonary surfactant damage in tuberculosis patients with previous work in dusty conditions
Authors: Pshenichnikova I. M. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Among the mechanisms of pathogenesis of tuberculosis is damage to the pulmonary surfactant. In patients with tuberculosis who previously worked in an industrial dusty environment, the pulmonary surfactant system is affected by two damaging factors simultaneously.The aim of the work was to determine the role of biochemical criteria of pulmonary surfactant damage as early molecular markers of the sub-radiological stage of pneumoconiosis in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Materials and methods. The object of the study was 91 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, of whom 59 patients had contact with industrial quartz-containing dust in the course of their work (the main group) and 32 patients − with an unburdened professional route (the control group). The content of total protein (TP), total phospholipids (TPL), phospholipid spectrum by thin-layer chromatography as criteria of pulmonary surfactant damage were studied biochemically in bronchoalveolar flushes (BAF).Results. It was found that in bronchoalveolar flushes of patients with tuberculosis of dust-hazardous professions, in group 1, the content of total protein increases, while the level of total phospholipids does not statistically significantly change in comparison with patients with an unburdened professional route. Among the phospholipids of BAF, phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidiylethanolamine (PEA) and cardiolipin (CL) are the most common. In the BAF of the 1st group of patients, a frequent combination of fractions of PC and CL was found, in the 2nd group − PC, PEA and CL. Combinations containing sphingomyelin (SPM), PC and CL were found only in groups 1 and 2. It was also found that the level of total protein in BAF varies depending on the activity of the process, so in patients of group 1 with the presence of areas of destruction of lung tissue, the content of total protein significantly exceeded that in patients with specific inflammation subsiding.Discussion. Patients with pulmonary tuberculosis with dust exposure develop sub-radiological manifestations of pneumoconiosis in the form of impaired metabolism and biochemical composition of pulmonary surfactant, which is caused both by the dust factor and the influence of specific inflammation.Conclusion The role of biochemical criteria of pulmonary surfactant damage as early molecular markers of the sub-radiological stage of pneumoconiosis in pulmonary tuberculosis patients was determined.
Efficacy of a shorter chemotherapy regimen in a patient with drug-resistant tuberculosis with early surgical intervention
Authors: Chumovatov N. V. , Komissarova O. G. , Chernyh N. A. , Ergeshov A. E. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis lasts 18 to 24 months, so there is a high rate of therapy interruptions, including patient-initiated interruptions. In recent years, the use of shorter regimens for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has been actively discussed around the world. The first use of shorter chemotherapy regimens was conducted in three regions of the Russian Federation in 2019. However, the prevalence of the use of shorter chemotherapy regimens in our country remains low.The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the high efficacy of a shortened chemotherapy regimen with surgical intervention.Materials and methods. In the conditions of the Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis, the patient underwent a comprehensive examination, including mandatory, additional and optional methods of investigation. Based on the findings of the comprehensive examination and established broad drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a shorter course of chemotherapy was prescribed and surgical treatment was performed after 2 months of therapy.Results and Discussion It was decided to carry out anti-tuberculosis therapy according to a shortened scheme in the amounts: Linezolid, Bedaquiline, Cycloserine, Levofloxacin, Pyrazinamide. Taking into account positive radiological dynamics after two months of treatment and absence of contraindications, early surgery intervention was performed. At the end of a nine-month course of chemotherapy the patient had a stable radiological picture, “fresh” focal and infiltrative changes in the lungs were not detected. Early surgical treatment with a shorter chemotherapy regimen may become a highly effective method in the cure of drug-resistant tuberculosis in the Russian Federation.Conclusion. A shorter chemotherapy regimen with optimal timing of surgical intervention is highly effective and safe to use.
Difficulties of diagnosis and the need for a comprehensive approach to treatment of patients with X-ray non-contrast orbital foreign bodies
Authors: Kolesnikov A. V. , Pshennikov D. S. , Kirsanova I. V. , Kochetygova D. D. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. An orbital foreign body, especially of an organic nature, is often difficult to diagnose during the initial examination. A thorough history taking, clinical examination, and the use of additional imaging techniques are of great importance. Due to the risk of purulent-inflammatory complications, foreign bodies must be surgically removed.The aim of the work was to demonstrate the importance of timely diagnosis and complex approach to treatment of patients with X-ray non-contrast foreign bodies of the orbit using the example of clinical observation.Materials and methods. Patient R. came in with complaints of redness, pain, lacrimation and lack of vision in the left eye after falling and hitting the left side of his face on a metal corner. Left eye visual acuity = 1/∞PrLinc, IOP = T−3 (palpatory).Results. Control X-ray computed tomography (CT) of the orbits and paranasal sinuses (PNS) suspected the presence of a radiopaque foreign body. A rhinoendoscopic examination was performed by an otorhinolaryngologist and a fragment of a large wooden foreign body was found in the nasopharyngeal arch. Surgeons of the ophthalmologic and otorhinolaryngologic departments performed surgery: removal of the foreign body, endonasal endoscopic opening of the labyrinth on the left, endoscopic endonasal maxillary sinus maxillary sinus maxillotomy on the left, left microcoidectomy, resection of trauma-exposed tissue. During his stay in the 2nd Ophthalmologic Department of the Regional Clinical Hospital named after N.A. Semashko. N.A. Semashko Regional Clinical Hospital, the patient’s condition improved, infection was eliminated, prevention of possible complications was carried out. The patient was referred to the Pirogov National Medical-Surgical Center, where the following surgery was performed: microinvasive vitrectomy + FEC + PFOS + retinotomy + endotamponade with silicone oil 1300 of the left eye, and a consultation with a laser surgeon was recommended for laser iridectomy.Discussion The clinical case considers a comprehensive approach to the treatment of intraorbital foreign bodies, the participation of a multidisciplinary team of specialists, while the patient still has a long road to rehabilitation.Conclusion In orbital trauma with penetration of a foreign body, an accurate history, timely diagnosis, and rational surgical and conservative treatment are important. This will help to avoid serious complications and prevent visual and oculomotor disorders of the visual organ.
The role of urokinase, T-cadherin and adiponetin in the development of endogenous depressive disorders
Authors: Sheleg D. A. , Karagyaur M. N. , Primak A. L. , Neyfeld E. A. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction The prevalence of depression averages approximately 6 % of the total population. The heritability of depression ranges from 28 % to 44 %. Genetic predisposition may be due to polymorphisms of genes involved in the processes of functioning and morphogenesis of the brain: the balance of monoamines, the action of navigational molecules and their receptors.Purpose of the study To determine the role of genes that regulate the processes of nerve cell migration and directed growth of nerve fibers of navigation receptors (PLAUR and CDH13) or their ligands (PLAU, PLAT, ADIPOQ) in the development of endogenous depression and schizophrenia in the Russian population.Materials and methods At the first stage of the study, the scientific literature was searched in the MEDLINE database. The primary prevalence of genomic variants will be established using whole genome sequencing of 20 patients with severe forms of schizophrenia and endogenous depression. Further, at least 100 patients in each group and 100 healthy donors will take part in the study.Results and discussion The urokinase receptor (uPAR) is involved in neurogenesis by regulating the trajectory of axonal growth. The level of suPAR in blood plasma can act as a biomarker of mild inflammation underlying the etiology of depression. The level of suPAR in plasma can be considered a predictor of the effectiveness of combination therapy with antidepressants and anti-inflammatory drugs. Molecules of the cadherin superfamily are involved in the development of the nervous system, the transmission of intercellular signals, and the regulation of neuronal plasticity. Polymorphisms of the CDH7, CDH9, CDH13, CDH17 genes demonstrate a correlation with the presence of depression. Adiponectin is a hormone secreted by adipose tissue. One of the adiponectin receptors, AdipoR2, stimulates neuronal plasticity and inhibits inflammation and oxidative stress. Plasma concentrations of adiponectin are reduced in depressed patients.Conclusion The results accumulated by researchers testify in favor of the important role of uPAR and T-cadherin in the processes of brain development, and most importantly, in the pathogenesis of the development of endogenous depressions.
Hölderlin’s Politics of the New Mythology
Authors: Delhey Matthew J. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
This article reevaluates Hölderlin’s social and political thought in the 1790s. Against Georg Lukács, it argues that Hölderlin’s politics of the new mythology, while utopian, are not mystical. In the Fragment of Philosophical Letters and the Oldest System-Programme of German Idealism, Hölderlin instead articulates two fundamental claims. Socially, the new mythical collectivity must elevate (erheben) the social relations produced by bourgeois society, exalting them in aesthetic-religious form, rather than sublating (aufheben) them, modifying both their form and their content. Politically, realizing this new collectivity requires transcending the state, and so is essentially revolutionary. Hölderlin’s prosaic writings thus supplement Hyperion’s romantic critique of modernity. They take as their point of departure a sober exposition of the social relations of the market emerging in Hölderlin’s time and, from within these relations, excavate a new mythical collectivity capable of suturing the fragmentary divisions of modern life.