bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public Health Challenges in the Context of the Global Spread of Mpox Infections
Authors: Rahi Manju , Joy Sam , Sharma Amit 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT.
The declaration of the ongoing mpox (formerly monkeypox) outbreak by the WHO as a public health emergency of international concern has put global attention on mpox disease. As of December 4, 2022, a total of 80,221 mpox cases had been confirmed from 110 countries, with a major proportion of cases being reported from previously non-endemic countries. The current global emergence and spread of the disease has highlighted the challenges and the need for efficient public health preparedness and response. There are several challenges posed in the current mpox outbreak, ranging from epidemiological factors to diagnostic and socio-ethnic issues. These challenges may be circumvented with proper intervention measures such as strengthening surveillance, robust diagnostics, clinical management plans, intersectoral collaboration, firm prevention plans, capacity building, addressing stigma and discrimination against vulnerable groups, and ensuring equitable access to treatments and vaccines. To address the above challenges in the wake of the current outbreak, it is essential to understand the gaps and plug them with effective countermeasures.
Profile of Gut Bacteria in Hypertensive Patients Based on Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis
Authors: Putri Ririn Herni , Astuti Rika Indri , Budiarti Sri 
Published: March 2023

Hypertension is a severe public health problem due to its high prevalence worldwide. About 7.5 million deaths or 12.8% of all annual deaths worldwide occur due to high blood pressure. The hypertensive disease is also associated with the intestinal bacteria. To our knowledge, the diversity of the gut bacteria in hypertensive patients has not been reported yet in Indonesia. Thus, the aims of this study were to analyze profile of gut bacteria in hypertensive patients compared to non-hypertensive based on metagenomic analysis, Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP). The results of the affiliation analysis of the entire Terminal Restriction Fragments (TRF) contained 6 groups of bacteria from 26 TRFs in hypertensive and non-hypertensive respondents. Cutting the 16S rRNA gene with the BslI restriction enzyme successfully detected intestinal bacterial groups, namely Clostridium subcluster XIVa, Prevotella, Clostridium cluster IV, Clostridium cluster XI, Bacteroides and others. In hypertensive patients, a higher relative abundance of bacterial groups showed in Clostridium cluster XI, Clostridium cluster IV and Clostridium subcluster XIVa. The abundance of Bacteroides and Prevotella groups in hypertensive patients were lower than non-hypertensive. The abundance of enterotype I and enterotype II was lower in hypertensive patients than non-hypertensive. Contrarily to that enterotype III cluster. It is worth noting that the F/B ratio was higher in hypertensive patients than that in non-hypertensive. Our data suggest that the gut bacteria profile of hypertensive patients differs to that non-hypertensive.
Estimación de riesgo por deslizamiento en la parroquia Noboa, 24 de Mayo, Manabí
Authors: Pincay Baque Marvin Ariel 
Published: March 2023

Los deslizamientos son movimientos de masas de suelo o roca provocados principalmente por la inestabilidad de un talud. Ecuador es un país, que, por sus características geomorfológicas y el afecto de las actividades antrópicas, es propenso a sufrir deslizamientos de tierra significativos en varias provincias, durante la época lluviosa. En la parroquia Noboa en el año 2021 se presentaron deslizamientos de tierra en la época lluviosa por los meses de enero a mayo obstaculizando las principales vías, lo cual dejó incomunicada a la población en general. La investigación es de tipo descriptiva, se realizó en la parroquia Noboa del cantón 24 de Mayo, la cual obtuvo como principal objetivo determinar la estimación de riesgo por deslizamiento en la parroquia, mediante el método bibliográfico – teórico y el de observación, los diferentes cálculos de las vulnerabilidades fueron ambiental y ecológica, física, económica, social, educativa, cultural y política de acuerdo al manual básico para la estimación de riesgo, lo cual se obtuvo una vulnerabilidad general de 58,57% considerada como vulnerabilidad alta, el cálculo del peligro se realizó con la información recopilada y el reconocimiento del área de estudio determinando un valor de 63% catalogado como peligro alto, finalmente el cálculo del riesgo por medio del criterio descriptivo con el uso de la matriz de peligro y vulnerabilidad de acuerdo al manual, lo que determinó un riesgo alto de 66%, por lo que sería importante desarrollar capacitaciones, una ordenanza de control y monitoreo permanentes en las diferentes zonas de Noboa.
Principal’s Teacher Social Support Strategies on Teacher Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Mumias East Sub-County, Kenya
Authors: Sakwa Suleiman Eshikumo , Mugwe Mary Chui , Macharia Susan 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The research focused on establishing the influence of principals' social support strategies on various aspects of teacher performance in public secondary schools in Mumias East Sub-County, Kenya.
Methodology: It utilized both qualitative and quantitative data in a mixed research methodology. Also, the data was obtained from various population parameters comprising 1 sub-county director of education (SCDE), 1 quality assurance sub-county officer (QASO), 27 principals, 237 teachers, and 3730 students. The data regarding each variable was obtained from each population parameter, hence a cross-sectional descriptive study design. The independent variables comprised the frequency of in-service training and guiding and counseling programs. On the other hand, the dependent variables comprised lesson attendance and recovery, mean grades achieved, and score on teacher appraisal. To gather data about the variables, there were interviews with principals, QASO, and SCDE, questionnaires for students and teachers, and secondary data about performance in Kenya certificate of Secondary education (KCSE). The data was analyzed thematically based on the study objectives. Only means, percentages, and standard deviations were utilized to organize data. Also, the linear regression model was used on the data to find out the relation between independent and dependent variables.
Findings: It was discovered from the data analysis that in-service training impacted teacher performance, while guidance and counseling did not impact the teacher's performance. However, from the general perspective of the principal's teacher social support strategies, the data revealed little correlation with teacher performance.
Recommendations: The study recommend that there should be consistent in-service training in schools and selective guidance and counseling especially to teachers who show extreme social maladjustments. However, it is necessary that similar research be conducted especially on the influence of principal’s strategies to guiding and counseling teachers and the impacts on teacher performance.
Evaluation And Standardization Of Marketed Poly Herbal Formulations Of Different Brands
Authors: Dheeru Shivhare  
Published: March 2023

Objective: To set a preliminary quality control parameters this may be helpful to the scientific community as well as manufacturing industries.
Material and Methods: Five different sealed packs of Mahasudarshan Tablet were procured from the Pharmacy Shop, which were evaluated on Organoleptic tests, Physico-chemical parameters such as pH, water soluble extractive, Alcoholic soluble extractive, Loss on drying, Ash value, Acid insoluble ash, Water soluble ash, and Specific tests for tablets such as weight variation test, friability, disintegration, dissolution time as per standard guidelines were carried out.
Results and Discussion: Phytochemical test indicates the presence of alkaloid, glycosides, terpenoids, tannins, and steroids in both formulations. Parameters for loss of drying, ash values, and extractive values documented. Pharmaceutical parameters, such as hardness, friability, weight variation, and disintegration, were found to be within acceptable values.
Conclusion: Quality control parameters are the fundamental factors for evaluating the purity, standards and effectiveness of any formulation. Therefore, the findings of the present study may be considered as first step towards generating scientific evidence of quality assurance for marketed formulations.
Interpersonal Communication Skills Of Pediatric Residents Of Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India: A Pilot Study
Authors: Sunil Kumar Rao  
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Effective communication set a platform where parents feel connected with his or her doctors, which can ultimately improve health, mediated through participation in care.
Aims: To Assess the interpersonal communication skills of Paediatric resident doctors.
Settings and Design: Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.
Methods and Material: - A cross-sectional study was conducted among all Pediatrics trainee residents working in department of Pediatrics, Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. A standardized self-administered questionnaire (Interpersonal Communication Skill Inventory) was used to assess the IPC skills. The inventory has four sections which includes, delivering clear messages, active listening, giving and getting feedback and handling of emotional interaction while communications.
Statistical analysis used: The data were tabulated and analyzed with SPSS-19 and Fisher exact probability test was used to compare the data.
Results: Total of 45 residents was assessed, male were 19 and female were 26. Age of resident doctors was between 25 to 30 yrs. Out of 45 residents, 57.8% were confident in sending the clear messages 31.1% were active listener, 20% were confident in giving and the getting the feedback, and 15.5% were confident in handling the Emotional Interactions. Female residents were confident in giving and getting feedback (p=0.01) and handling emotional interactions (p=0.03). Increased in experiences improves handling emotional interactions (p=0.03)
Conclusions: The delivering clear messages and active listening during conversation improved with experience whereas, to improve skills like handling emotional interaction and giving and the getting feedback of resident doctor would require structured training program.
Efektivitas Pelatihan Kewirausahaan Bagi Petani Wilayah Program READSI Di Kabupaten Sambas
Authors: Naibaho Tota Totor 
Published: March 2023

Beberapa lembaga penyelenggara pelatihan belum konsisten melakukan analisa efektivitas pelaksanaan setiap pelatihan di lingkup instansi masing - masing. Sehingga bisa saja langkah perbaikan pelaksanaan pelatihan selanjutnya tidak lebih baik dari sebelumnya dari sisi peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan peserta pelatihan. Mengetahui efektifitas penyelenggaraan pelatihan pada level 1 (reaksi) dan level 2 (pembelajaran) adalah dasar tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kirkpatrick pada Pelatihan Kewirausahaan bagi petani wilayah READSI di Kabupaten Sambas, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Sampel responden dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus yaitu seluruh peserta purnawidya pelatihan yang berjumlah 30 orang. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan uji kategorisasi dan uji komparasi uji t – berpasangan terhadap hasil evaluasi penyelenggaraan pelatihan dan nilai tes komprehensif awal dan tes komprehensif akhir. Hasil evaluasi kepuasan peserta terhadap penyelenggaraan pelatihan diukur dari aspek kepanitiaan, pengajaran, kegiatan praktek, prasarana dan sarana, akomodasi dan konsumsi. Hasil ini diukur menggunakan skala Likert. Kepuasan responden terhadap penyelenggaraan pelatihan sebesar 4,46 dengan kategori “baik”. Rata – rata keseruluhan hasil tes komprehensif akhir adalah 65,89 dengan kategori “baik”. Pada uji normalitas, nilai signifikansi tes komprehensif awal dan tes komprehensif akhir yang dimiliki telah terdistribusi secara normal. Pada uji t berpasangan diperoleh nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.00 dimana nilainya kurang dari 0.05 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan nyata antara nilai rata-rata tes komprehensif awal dan tes komprehensif akhir.
Simulation Based Peer-Assisted Learning: Peripheral Venous Catheterization and Blood Sampling
Authors: Barbălată Didina Cătălina , Toma Cristian 
Published: March 2023

Background
Peripheral venous catheterization (PVC) and blood sampling (BS) represent some of the first basic techniques that a medical student learns when starting clinical practice. As they are invasive maneuvers, there is a level of self-doubt that can be overcome through practice in a simulated setting.
Peer-assisted medical simulation learning is an innovative educational technique that allows students to gain confidence in conducting clinical maneuvers in a safe environment. Simulation based learning focuses on trial and error, participants being able to approach the technique multiple times, without the risk of hurting a real patient. Additionally, the fact that the workshop is conducted by fellow students, creates a more comfortable learning setting.

Aim of study
Our aim is to determine the effectiveness of medical simulation in learning to perform PVC and BS and in increasing the level of confidence of the participants.

Materials and methods
Our study was conducted at the Department of Medical Simulation of the Center for Innovation and e-Health (CIeH), part of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila” Bucharest, Romania, between March and December 2021. During this period, 2186 first year students took part in a peer-conducted simulation workshop, conducted by undergraduate medical students in all years of studies, who had previously undergone extensive training and evaluation. The aim of the workshop was to learn the basics in PVC and BS in a controlled environment.
Through a questionnaire, we collected data regarding knowledge acquisition and auto-evaluation of the students’ skill and knowledge prior and after the training on a five-point scale. At the beginning of the questionnaire we obtained informed consent from the study participants.

Results
The response rate to the questionnaire was 66,10%. The participants obtained an average score of 60%. There were few participants that did not acquire enough information in order to answer correctly to the questionnaire. 80% of the respondents answered accurately on 2 out of 3 questions.
We observed a 48,35% increase in the confidence level of participants regarding clinical knowledge and skill acquisition after the workshop. Prior to the workshop, only 10% of participants self-evaluated with a score of 4 or 5, compared to 85% of respondents after the workshop.

Conclusions
The medical simulation training led to a significant rise in students’ confidence and a high impact on the development of skill and knowledge. Through our basic workshops we want to familiarize the participants with the clinical environment, additional knowledge and skills being acquired once throughout their studies. The workshop's objective of increasing participants’ comfort regarding basic clinical techniques, such as blood sampling and peripheral venous catheterization, was accomplished. The outcome of the study enables us to adapt the curriculum and testing procedures to better meet the needs of the participants.
A Students’ Perspective on University Education and Well-Being One-Year into the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gareeb Akira , Gavazzi Isabella , Woodman Natasha , Goonasekera Chulananda , Lombard Antoinette , Faruq Mohammad Omar , Ray Joanna , Dhanapala Rasika , Sandarenu Sadhani , Mahjabeen Mosarrat , Hashmi Seema , Kottahachchi Darshana , Claassens Elmien , Zafar Mirza Naqi 
Published: March 2023

We report university student perspectives on COVID-19 impact on education, general health and well-being, one year into the pandemic.

A ‘low risk’ questionnaire with modified General Health (GHQ-28) and Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) instruments was shared with students via an email link over a 4-week period.

725 students responded from five countries. Half of the students reported significant general health difficulties and more than ten per cent experienced a severe state of generalised anxiety disorder. The virtual learning techniques adopted during the pandemic were welcomed by students but many were frustrated by the poor quality teaching material, poor scheduling of virtual sessions with inadequate spacing and assessments not being truly representative of what was taught. Digital poverty due to inadequacies in hardware, software compatibility and connectivity were major hindrances to virtual learning.

Universities should urgently modify the virtual training methods and enhance mental health and wellbeing support before disaster strikes.
The Effect of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on University Students' Mental Health and Life Quality: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Albakri Khaled , Alabdallat Yasmeen , Khaity Abdulrhman , Samhouri Jehad Feras 
Published: March 2023

Background: Mental health disorders and low quality of life are considered common psychiatric problems resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the significant importance of the knowledge and research about COVID-19 mental consequences, few studies are addressing it locally in Jordan. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on university students' mental health and life quality.

Method: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken for students in Jordanian universities using an online questionnaire. Our survey consisted of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2‐item (GAD-2), The Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item (PHQ-2), UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the COVID-19–Impact on Quality of Life (COV19-QoL) scale to examine students' quality of life, loneliness, besides examining the difference between depression and anxiety, independently, before and during COVID-19 pandemic among Jordanian universities students. We analyzed the data using SPSS Software version 26.

Results: The study included 537 participants, 371 (69.1%) of them were female, with a mean age of participants equal to 19.1 ± 0.84, with a range of 17 to 22 years. Most of the participants were second-year students 393 (54.6%) and more than half of the participants never weekly exercised. the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and loneliness after the COVID-19 pandemic were 305 (56.8%), 311 (57.9%), and 371 (69.1%); respectively. Chi-square analysis revealed that females with loneliness, depression, and anxiety were statistically predominant (p=0.014, p=0.023, p=0.000; respectively). In contrast, there was no significant difference among basic academic years students in terms of these mental outcomes. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on depression scores of singles was significantly higher than those who were in relationships (p= 0.008). The less depressed students were those who sleep at the night and those who have hobbies (p=0.02, p=0.007; respectively).

Conclusion: Our study results highlighted and supported a significant change in the participants’ scores regarding their mental status before and after the outbreak. Furthermore, several factors preserve the mental health of students against the consequences of the COVID-19 crisis, such as gender, having hobbies, being in a relationship, bedtime, and sleep hours. Additionally, the study found that loneliness, anxiety, and depression can predict life quality. Eventually, the government should provide more attention to the student’s psychological issues. Future research should investigate which group of students have more susceptibility to being mentally affected by similar outbreaks to develop specific and efficient actions that are targeted to these certain groups, thus improving the chance of the psychological benefits.
The Effect of Music Intervention on Anxiety and Pain During Cesarean Delivery: A Meta-Analysis of 1513 Patients
Authors: Khaity Abdulrhman , Tarek Mohammed , Alabdallat Yasmeen , Albakri Khaled , Gabra Mohamed Diaa , Ghaith Hazem. S 
Published: March 2023

Background: A cesarean section (CS) is one of the most common operations globally, with an estimated 18.5 million surgical procedures each year. Accordingly, music therapy has become a trendy possible solution in many clinical conditions and surgical procedures. However, most previous studies have shown conflicting findings regarding the efficacy of music in reducing pain and anxiety in women with cesarean delivery. Therefore, in this meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate whether music intervention has a beneficial effect on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative anxiety, pain, and vital signs in women with cesarean section.
Method: We conducted a comprehensive search of Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Central was conducted for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception until August 2022. Data were extracted from eligible studies and pooled as standardized mean difference (SMD) or mean difference (MD) values in a random-effect model meta-analysis, using RevMan software. All the steps of this study were performed according to the PRISMA statement guidelines.
Results: Thirteen RCTs were included in this meta-analysis with a total of 1513 patients. Our study showed that music was superior to control in terms of overall anxiety score (SMD = - 0.26, 95% CI [- 0.39, - 0.14], p <0.0001), postoperative pain (SMD = - 0.50, 95% CI [- 0.74, - 0.26], p < 0.0001), and the overall effect of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (MD = -1.58, 95% CI [- 3.11, - 0.04], p = 0.04). The overall effect did not favor either of the two groups in terms of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate ((MD = - 1.87, 95% CI [-4.04, 0.30], p = 0.09), (MD = - 2.10, 95% CI [- 4.78, 0.58], p = 0.12); respectively).
Conclusion: Ultimately, the current evidence supports using music to alleviate the anxiety and pain of women during and after cesarean sections. In addition, our analysis revealed that music has a beneficial effect on DBP and intraoperative heart rate over control in patients with CS. However, the music did not differ significantly from the placebo in preoperative anxiety, postoperative heart rate, as well as SBP. Future RCTs are recommended to confirm the efficacy of music in the preoperative period and vital signs among women undergoing cesarean section.