bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and risk factors of computer vision syndrome—assessed in office workers by a validated questionnaire
Authors: Cantó-Sancho Natalia , Porru Stefano , Casati Stefano , Ronda Elena , Seguí-Crespo Mar , Carta Angela 
Published: March 2023

Background
Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a common occupational health problem, but its clinical definition, prevalence and risk factors are not well defined. In general, non-validated diagnostic instruments have been used to assess its prevalence. For this reason, the aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence and potential risk factors for CVS using a validated questionnaire.

Methods
A cross-sectional study (n = 238) was carried out in Italian office workers using digital devices. All participants responded to an anamnesis, a digital exposure questionnaire, and the validated Italian version of the Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire. A battery of 3 ocular surface and tear ophthalmic tests (break-up time, BUT), Schirmer II and corneal staining) was performed.

Results
The mean age (±SD) was 45.55 (11.02) years, 64.3% were female. 71.4% wore glasses to work, whose design was monofocal (for distance) in 47.6%, monofocal (for near) in 26.5%, general progressive in 16.5% and occupational progressive in 8.8% of cases. 35.7% used digital devices >6 hours/day in the workplace. The prevalence of CVS was 67.2%. In the multivariate model, female sex (aOR: 3.17; 95% CI [1.75–5.73]), the use of digital devices >6 hours/day at workplace (aOR: 2.07; 95% CI [1.09–3.95]) and the use of optical correction at work (aOR: 2.69; 95% CI [1.43–5.08]) significantly increased the odds of CVS. Association was observed between presenting CVS and having abnormal BUT (χ2 = 0.017).

Conclusions
The prevalence of CVS in Italian office workers, especially among females, was high. Intensive use of digital devices at work (>6 hours/day) and the use of optical correction at work significantly increased the odds of CVS. There is an association between poor tear stability and CVS. Further research is needed on the influence of wearing optical correction on CVS. The use of a validated questionnaire in health surveillance of digital workers is strongly recommended.
MicroRNA expression in apical periodontitis and pulpal inflammation: a systematic review
Authors: Al Gashaamy Zainab Jamal , Alomar Tiba , Al-Sinjary Linah , Wazzan Mohammad , Saeed Musab Hamed , Al-Rawi Natheer H. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe aim of this systematic review is to determine microRNAs (miRs) that are differently expressed between diseased pulpal and periapical tissues.DesignThis systematic review used PubMed, Scopus, EBSCO, ProQuest, Cochrane database as well as manual searching to extract studies from January 2012 up to February 2022.ResultsA total of 12 studies met the eligibility criteria were included. All selected studies were of case-control type. Twenty-four miRNAs associated with apical periodontitis, 11 were found to be upregulatedand 13 were downregulated. Four out of the 44 miRs associated with pulpal inflammation were upregulated, whereas forty were downregulated. Six miRs, namely hsa-miR-181b, hsa-miR-181c,hsa-miR-455-3p,hsa-miR-128-3p, hsa-miR199a-5p, and hsa-miR-95, exhibited considerable downregulation in both periapical and pulp tissues.ConclusionMiRs have been investigated for their role in pulpal and periapical biology and may be utilised in diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Further investigations are required to determine why certain irreversible pulpitis situations progress to apical periodontitis and others do not, based on the various miR expressions. Moreover, clinical and laboratory trials are needed to support this theory.
CYP27A1 deficiency promoted osteoclast differentiation
Authors: Fang Ziqi , Cheng Guangdong , He Mengting , Lin Yanliang 
Published: March 2023

Background
The elevating osteoclast differentiation can lead to an imbalance in bone homeostasis, which was responsible for bone loss and bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. Multiple pathways and molecules have been involved in osteoclast formation, but the role of CYP27A1 in osteoclast differentiation has never been explored.

Methods
CYP27A1 deficient mice were constructed using CRISPR-Cas9 system. Osteoclast differentiation was detected by TRAP staining. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using RNA-seq analysis and were confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blot.

Results
The results showed that CYP27A1 knockout (KO) promoted osteoclast differentiation and bone loss. The transcriptomic analysis revealed that CYP27A1 KO led to differential expression of multiple genes, including ELANE, LY6C2, S100A9, GM20708, BGN, SPARC, and COL1A2, which were confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Enrichment analysis indicated that these differential genes were significantly associated with osteogenesis-related pathways, such as PPAR signaling, IL-17 signaling, and PI3K/AKT signaling, which were confirmed by qRT-PCR and Western blot.

Conclusions
These results suggested that CYP27A1 was involved in osteoclast differentiation, providing a novel therapeutic target for osteoclast-related diseases.
The Impact of Professional Development on the Pedagogical Content Knowledge of the Mathematics Teacher
Authors: Adams Alfred Kofi , Asemnor Felix , Nkansah Vincential , Adonu Harrison 
Published: March 2023

Aim: The study Sought to explore the impact of professional development on the pedagogical content knowledge of the mathematics teacher in Ghana.
Study Design: The study used a case study research design.
Methodology: Three research instruments, namely; documents, interview and semi-structured open-ended questionnaires was used for the study. Twelve (12) teachers were sampled from a teacher population of forty-eight (48) mathematics teachers from nine (9) government assisted Senior High Schools in the Keta Municipality to respond to the questionnaire, while a Deputy Director of Education was interviewed to gather qualitative data for analysis.
Results: This research study identified that professional development had positive impacts on the Pedagogical Content Knowledge of mathematics teachers.
These findings imply that, professional development for teachers is important to ensure effective teaching for improved performance of students in mathematics.
Conclusions: Teachers were of the view that they should be included in the planning process of the professional development programmes, realistic duration for the programmes, they also suggested teacher motivation for participation, called for consistency in the organization of the programmes, follow-up programmes and also provision of adequate learning materials.
Biometric Data Changes after Penetrating Corneal Wounds in Pediatric Eyes
Authors: Samir Sara Ashraf , Sharaf Amr Fawzy , El Seht Rabab Mohamed , Ghoniem Ahmed Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

Background: Traumatic cataract accounts for a large proportion of monocular visual disability and blindness in pediatric populations, especially in developing countries. This study aims to evaluate the axial length and other biometric data changes after penetrating corneal wound in pediatric eyes.
Methods: This is a prospective comparative control study carried on thirty children with unilateral penetrating ocular trauma associated with cataract. Patients were classified into 3 groups: Group A (n= 15 eyes) underwent cataract extraction and IOL implantation in same session 6 weeks after trauma, Group B (n= 15 eyes) underwent cataract extraction, and IOL implantation in second session 3 months after trauma and the third one is the control group with 30 contralateral eyes of both groups
Results: Regarding axial length, measures were reported to be was (22.882 ± 0.712) mm in group (A) after 6 weeks from the incidence of trauma, while in group (B) it was (22.568 ± 0.881) mm. P-value was insignificant (0.292). After 12 weeks, mean AL in group A was reported to be 23.199 ± 0.724) mm while in group B it was (22.903 ± 1.008) mm with insignificant p value as well (0.362). After 6 weeks, the mean K-readings for group A were found to be 41.184 ± 2.109 while group B were (42.928 ± 2.433). After 12 weeks, the mean K-readings for group A were 41.491 ± 1.729 while group B were (42.797 ± 2.518).
Conclusion: Early I/A and anterior vitrectomy recommended for cases with free lens in AC for fear of reaction, while IOL implantation is recommended to wait after stitches removal.
Toward AI assistants that let designers design
Authors: De Peuter Sebastiaan , Oulasvirta Antti , Kaski Samuel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe need to rethink how we assist designers with artificial intelligence (AI). AI should aim to cooperate, not automate, by supporting and leveraging the creativity and problem‐solving capabilities of designers. The challenge for such AI is how to infer designers' goals and then help them without being needlessly disruptive. We introduce AI‐assisted design, a new framework for creating such AI, built around generative user models, which allow it to infer and adapt to designers' goals, reasoning, and capabilities.
Intrafibrillar Mineralization and Immunomodulatory for Synergetic Enhancement of Bone Regeneration via Calcium Phosphate Nanocluster Scaffold
Authors: Zhou Yanyan , Hu Zihe , Jin Wenjing , Wu Haiyan , Zuo Minghao , Shao Changyu , Lan Yanhua , Shi Yang , Tang Ruikang , Chen Zhuo , Xie Zhijian , Shi Jue 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInspired by the bionic mineralization theory, organic–inorganic composites with hydroxyapatite nanorods orderly arranged along collagen fibrils have attracted extensive attention. Planted with an ideal bone scaffold will contribute greatly to the osteogenic microenvironment; however, it remains challenging to develop a biomimetic scaffold with the ability to promote intrafibrillar mineralization and simultaneous regulation of immune microenvironment in situ. To overcome these challenges, a scaffold containing ultra‐small particle size calcium phosphate nanocluster (UsCCP) is prepared, which can enhance bone regeneration through the synergetic effect of intrafibrillar mineralization and immunomodulatory. By efficient infiltration into collagen fibrils, the UsCCP released from the scaffold achieves intrafibrillar mineralization. It also promotes the M2‐type polarization of macrophages, leading to an immune microenvironment with both osteogenic and angiogenic potential. The results confirm that the UsCCP scaffold has both intrafibrillar mineralization and immunomodulatory effects, making it a promising candidate for bone regeneration.
Pure Conducting Polymer Hydrogels Increase Signal‐to‐Noise of Cutaneous Electrodes by Lowering Skin Interface Impedance
Authors: Roubert Martinez Sebastian , Le Floch Paul , Liu Jia , Howe Robert D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCutaneous electrodes are routinely used for noninvasive electrophysiological sensing of signals from the brain, the heart, and the neuromuscular system. These bioelectronic signals propagate as ionic charge from their sources to the skin–electrode interface where they are then sensed as electronic charge by the instrumentation. However, these signals suffer from low signal‐to‐noise ratio arising from the high impedance at the tissue‐to‐electrode contact interface. This paper reports that soft conductive polymer hydrogels made purely of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxy‐thiophene) doped with poly(styrene sulfonate) present nearly an order of magnitude decrease in the skin–electrode contact impedance (88%, 82%, and 77% at 10, 100, and 1 kHz, respectively) when compared to clinical electrodes in an ex vivo model that isolates the bioelectrochemical features of a single skin–electrode contact. Integrating these pure soft conductive polymer blocks into an adhesive wearable sensor enables high fidelity bioelectronic signals with higher signal‐to‐noise ratio (average 2.1 dB increase, max 3.4 dB increase) when compared to clinical electrodes across all subjects. The utility of these electrodes is demonstrated in a neural interface application. The conductive polymer hydrogels enable electromyogram‐based velocity control of a robotic arm to complete a pick and place task. This work provides a basis for the characterization and use of conductive polymer hydrogels to better couple human and machine.
Dual‐Frequency Arbitrary‐Plane Multiplexed Holography at Microwave Frequency Bands
Authors: Zhang Qingyuan , Zhang Qiao , Wang Jingwen , Ding Jun , Zhang Hualiang , Chen Weidong , Chen Chang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHolography based on optical metasurfaces has attracted a steadily increasing interest. However, most of the optical metasurfaces usually suffer from limited number and fixed viewing angles of multiplexed holography images in one channel. Here, by modifying the Gerchberg–Saxton algorithm, a multiplexed holography at arbitrary‐planes is proposed at two arbitrary microwave frequency bands. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, two independent information channels can be established by a single metasurface through dual‐frequency meta‐atoms. The metasurface composed of 35 × 35 meta‐atoms can simultaneously produce four images with 45° and 60° viewing angles at 10 GHz and five images with vertical and horizontal viewing angles at 16 GHz. The experimental results verify the design concept, making it possible to generate multiplexed holography in arbitrary‐planes, and allowing multiplexed functionalities in a variety of applications such as microscopy, display, security, data storage, and information processing.
Strong Nonlinear Optical Response and Transient Symmetry Switch in Type‐II Weyl Semimetal β‐WP2
Authors: Hu Tianchen , Su Bo , Shi Liyu , Wang Zixiao , Yue Li , Xu Shuxiang , Zhang Sijie , Liu Qiaomei , Wu Qiong , Li Rongsheng , Zhou Xinyu , Yuan Jiayu , Wu Dong , Chen Zhiguo , Dong Tao , Wang Nanlin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe topological Weyl semimetals (WSMs) with peculiar band structures exhibit novel nonlinear optical enhancement phenomena, even for light at optical wavelengths. While many intriguing nonlinear optical effects are constantly uncovered in type‐I WSMs, few experimental works focuse on basic nonlinear optical properties in type‐II WSMs. Here a static and time‐resolved second harmonic generation (SHG) is performed on the 3D type‐II WSM candidate β‐WP2. Although β‐WP2 exhibits extremely high conductivity and a high carrier density (≈1021 cm−3), the SHG is unscreened by conduction electrons, and a rather strong SHG response is observed, comparing with non‐topological polar metals. Additionally, the time‐resolved SHG experiment traces ultrafast symmetry switch and reveals that polar metal β‐WP2 tends to form an inversion symmetric metastable state after photo‐excitation. Intense femtosecond laser pulse can optically drive symmetry switch and tune nonlinear optical response on ultrafast timescales although the interlayer coupling of β‐WP2 is very strong. These findings are illuminating for the polar metal nonlinear optics and provide a new perspective for future ultrafast topological optoelectronic devices.
Bendamustine plus rituximab for the treatment of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: Patient outcomes and impact of bendamustine dosing
Authors: Arulogun Suzanne O. , Brian Duncan , Goradia Harshita , Cooney Aaron , Menne Tobias , Koo RayMun , O'Neill Aideen T. , Vos Josephine M. I. , Pratt Guy , Turner Deborah , Marshall Kirsty , Manos Kate , Anderson Claire , Gavriatopoulou Maria , Kyriakou Charalampia , Kersten Marie J. , Minnema Monique C. , Koutoumanou Eirini , El‐Sharkawi Dima , Linton Kim , Talaulikar Dipti , McCarthy Helen , Bishton Mark , Follows George , Wechalekar Ashutosh , D'Sa Shirley P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBendamustine and rituximab (BR) therapy is commonly used in the treatment of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia (WM). The impact dose of Bendamustine dose on response and survival outcomes is not well‐established, and the impact of its use in different treatment settings is not clear. We aimed to report response rates and survival outcomes following BR, and clarify the impact of depth of response and bendamustine dose on survival. A total of 250 WM patients treated with BR in the frontline or relapsed settings were included in this multicenter, retrospective cohort analysis. Rates of partial response (PR) or better differed significantly between the frontline and relapsed cohorts (91.4% vs 73.9%, respectively; p < 0.001). Depth of response impacted survival outcomes: two‐year predicted PFS rates after achieving CR/VGPR vs PR were 96% versus 82%, respectively (p = 0.002). Total bendamustine dose was predictive of PFS: in the frontline setting, PFS was superior in the group receiving ≥1000 mg/m2 compared with those receiving 800–999 mg/m2 (p = 0.04). In the relapsed cohort, those who received doses of <600 mg/m2 had poorer PFS outcomes compared with those who received ≥600 mg/m2 (p = 0.02). Attaining CR/VGPR following BR results in superior survival, and total bendamustine dose significantly impacts response and survival outcomes, in both frontline and relapsed settings.
Neonatal lupus is a novel cause of positive newborn screening for X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: Niehaus Annie D. , Mendelsohn Bryce A. , Zimmerman Bree , Lee Chung U. , Manning Melanie A. , Cusmano‐Ozog Kristina P. , Tise Christina G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report three unrelated individuals, each exposed to maternal autoantibodies during gestation and found to have elevated very long‐chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in the newborn period after screening positive by California newborn screening (NBS) for X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD). Two probands presented with clinical and laboratory features of neonatal lupus erythematosus (NLE); the third had features suggestive of NLE and a known maternal history of Sjogren's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. In all three individuals, subsequent biochemical and molecular evaluation for primary and secondary peroxisomal disorders was nondiagnostic with normalization of VLCFAs by 15 months of age. These cases add to the expanding differential diagnosis to consider in newborns who screen positive for ALD via elevated C26:0‐lysophosphatidylcholine. Though the pathophysiology of how transplacental maternal anti‐Ro antibodies damage fetal tissue is not well‐understood, we postulate that the VLCFA elevations reflect a systemic inflammatory response and secondary peroxisomal dysfunction that improves once maternal autoantibodies wane after birth. Additional evaluation of this phenomenon is warranted to better understand the intricate biochemical, clinical, and possible therapeutic overlap between autoimmunity, inflammation, peroxisomal dysfunction, and human disease.
Prevalence of cardiovascular manifestations in patients with hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome at the University of Miami
Authors: Pietri‐Toro Jariselle M. , Gardner Olivia K. , Leuchter Jessica D. , DiBartolomeo Gabrielle , Hunter Juanita A. , Forghani Irman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCardiovascular system involvements have been frequently reported in hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome (hEDS). Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and aortic root dilatation are included in the 2017 international classification criteria for hEDS. Different studies have found conflicting results regarding the significance of cardiac involvement in hEDS patients. We conducted a retrospective review of cardiac involvement in patients diagnosed with hEDS based on the 2017 International diagnostic criteria to provide further evidence toward more defined and reliable diagnostic criteria and recommended cardiac surveillance. A total of 75 hEDS patients with at least one diagnostic cardiac evaluation were included in the study. The most common reported cardiovascular complaints were lightheadedness (80.6%), followed by palpitations (77.6%), fainting (44.8%), and chest pain (32.8%). Of the 62 echocardiogram reports, 57 (91.9%) showed trace/trivial to mild valvular insufficiency, and 13 (21%) had additional abnormalities such as grade I diastolic dysfunction, mild aortic sclerosis, and trivial or small pericardial effusion. Of the 60 electrocardiograms (ECG) reports, 39 (65%) were normal, and 21 (35%) reported minor abnormalities or normal variants. Even though many hEDS patients in our cohort experienced cardiac symptoms, the presence of a significant cardiac abnormality was very low.
Strategies towards the Synthesis of 2‐Ketoaryl Azole Derivatives using C‐H Functionalization Approach and 1,2‐Bis‐Nucleophile Precursors
Authors: Aljaar Nayyef , Ibrahim Mohammad M. , Younes Eyad A. , Al‐Noaimi Mousa , Abu‐Safieh Kayed A. , Ali Basem F. , Kant Kamal , Al‐Zaqri Nabil , Sengupta Ragini , Malakar Chandi C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA spectrum of compounds attached to 2‐keto aryl azole moieties are found as pivotal building blocks in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery. This is why, the collection of novel methods have been described for the synthesis of these compounds, which are of great significance among organic chemists interested towards the development of new synthetic methods in the fields of natural products, bioactive molecules and materials sciences. This review presents the important breakthrough achieved during last decade towards improvement of approaches for the synthesis of these molecules.
An n‐Type Polythiophene Derivative with Excellent Thermoelectric Performance
Authors: Deng Sihui , Dong Changshuai , Liu Jian , Meng Bin , Hu Junli , Min Yang , Tian Hongkun , Liu Jun , Wang Lixiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTypical n‐type conjugated polymers are based on fused‐ring electron‐accepting building blocks. Herein, we report a non‐fused‐ring strategy to design n‐type conjugated polymers, i.e. introducing electron‐withdrawing imide or cyano groups to each thiophene unit of a non‐fused‐ring polythiophene backbone. The resulting polymer, n‐PT1, shows low LUMO/HOMO energy levels of −3.91 eV/−6.22 eV, high electron mobility of 0.39 cm2 V−1 s−1 and high crystallinity in thin film. After n‐doping, n‐PT1 exhibits excellent thermoelectric performance with an electrical conductivity of 61.2 S cm−1 and a power factor (PF) of 141.7 μW m−1 K−2. This PF is the highest value reported so far for n‐type conjugated polymers and this is the first time for polythiophene derivatives to be used in n‐type organic thermoelectrics. The excellent thermoelectric performance of n‐PT1 is due to its superior tolerance to doping. This work indicates that polythiophene derivatives without fused rings are low‐cost and high‐performance n‐type conjugated polymers.
Outer‐Shell Self‐Supported Nickel Catalysts for the Synthesis of Polyolefin Composites
Authors: Li Jie , Peng Dan , Tan Chen , Chen Changle 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn situ heterogeneous olefin polymerization has attracted much attention for the synthesis of polyolefin composites. However, the complicated syntheses of specially designed catalysts or the detrimental effects of interactions between catalyst and solid supports pose great challenges. In this contribution, an outer‐shell self‐supporting strategy was designed to heterogenize nickel catalysts on different fillers via precipitation homopolymerization of ionic cluster type polar monomer. These catalysts demonstrated high activity, good product morphology control, and stable performances in ethylene polymerization and copolymerization. Moreover, various polyolefin composites with great mechanical and customized properties can be efficiently synthesized.