bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress in building clinically relevant patient‐derived tumor xenograft models for cancer research
Authors: Wang Weijing , Li Yongshu , Lin Kaida , Wang Xiaokang , Tu Yanyang , Zhuo Zhenjian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPatient‐derived tumor xenograft (PDX) models, a method involving the surgical extraction of tumor tissues from cancer patients and subsequent transplantation into immunodeficient mice, have emerged as a pivotal approach in translational research, particularly in advancing precision medicine. As the first stage of PDX development, the patient‐derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models implant tumor tissue in mice in the corresponding anatomical locations of the patient. The PDOX models have several advantages, including high fidelity to the original tumor, heightened drug sensitivity, and an elevated rate of successful transplantation. However, the PDOX models present significant challenges, requiring advanced surgical techniques and resource‐intensive imaging technologies, which limit its application. And then, the humanized mouse models, as well as the zebrafish models, were developed. Humanized mouse models contain a human immune environment resembling the tumor and immune system interplay. The humanized mouse models are a hot topic in PDX model research. Regarding zebrafish patient‐derived tumor xenografts (zPDX) and patient‐derived organoids (PDO) as promising models for studying cancer and drug discovery, zPDX models are used to transplant tumors into zebrafish as novel personalized medical animal models with the advantage of reducing patient waiting time. PDO models provide a cost‐effective approach for drug testing that replicates the in vivo environment and preserves important tumor‐related information for patients. The present review highlights the functional characteristics of each new phase of PDX and provides insights into the challenges and prospective developments in this rapidly evolving field.
Active Sites Decorated Nonpolar Pore‐Based MOF for One‐step Acquisition of C2H4 and Recovery of C3H6
Authors: Wang Gang‐Ding , Li Yong‐Zhi , Shi Wen‐Juan , Hou Lei , Wang Yao‐Yu , Zhu Zhonghua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHerein, a 2‐fold interpenetrated metal‐organic framework (MOF) Zn‐BPZ‐TATB with accessible N/O active sites in nonpolar pore surfaces was reported for one‐step C2H4 purification from C2H6 or C3H6 mixtures as well as recovery of C3H6 from C2H6/C3H6/C2H4 mixtures. The MOF exhibits the favorable C2H6 and C3H6 uptakes (>100 cm3 g−1 at 298 K under 100 kPa) as well as selective adsorption of C2H6 and C3H6 over C2H4. The C3H6‐ and C2H6‐selective feature were investigated detailedly by experimental tests as well as sorption kinetic studyies. Molecular modelling revealed the multiple interactions between C3H6 or C2H6 molecules and methyl groups as well as triazine rings in pores. Zn‐BPZ‐TATB not only can directly generate 323.4 L kg−1 and 15.4 L kg−1 of high‐purity (≥99.9 %) C2H4 from C3H6/C2H4 and C2H6/C2H4 mixtures, but also provide a large high‐purity (≥99.5 %) C3H6 recovery capacity of 60.1 L kg−1 from C3H6/C2H4 mixtures. More importantly, the high‐purity C3H6 (≥99.5 %) and C2H4 (≥99.9 %) with the productivities of 38.2 and 12.7 L kg−1 can be simultaneously obtained from C2H6/C3H6/C2H4 mixtures through a single adsorption/desorption cycle.
Alternatives to Styrene‐ and Diisobutylene‐Based Copolymers for Membrane Protein Solubilization via Nanodisc Formation
Authors: Workman Cameron E. , Bag Pushan , Cawthon Bridgie , Ali Fidaa H. , Brady Nathan G. , Bruce Barry D. , Long Brian K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStyrene‐maleic acid copolymers (SMAs), and related amphiphilic copolymers, are promising tools for isolating and studying integral membrane proteins in a native‐like state. However, they do not exhibit this ability universally, as several reports have found that SMAs and related amphiphilic copolymers show little to no efficiency when extracting specific membrane proteins. Recently, it was discovered that esterified SMAs could enhance the selective extraction of trimeric Photosystem I from the thylakoid membranes of thermophilic cyanobacteria; however, these polymers are susceptible to saponification that can result from harsh preparation or storage conditions. To address this concern, we herein describe the development of α‐olefin‐maleic acid copolymers (αMAs) that can extract trimeric PSI from cyanobacterial membranes with the highest extraction efficiencies observed when using any amphiphilic copolymers, including diisobutylene‐co‐maleic acid (DIBMA) and functionalized SMA samples. Furthermore, we will show that αMAs facilitate the formation of photosystem I‐containing nanodiscs that retain an annulus of native lipids and a native‐like activity. We also highlight how αMAs provide an agile, tailorable synthetic platform that enables fine‐tuning hydrophobicity, controllable molar mass, and consistent monomer incorporation while overcoming shortcomings of prior amphiphilic copolymers.
Assessment of the effect of accelerated ultraviolet aging on mini‐PV modules encapsulated with different poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) formulations
Authors: Desai Umang , Sharma Bhuwanesh Kumar , Singh Aparna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne of the hindering issues for the long‐term reliability of the photovoltaic (PV) modules is the degradation of poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) (PEVA)—a popular encapsulant material. As a globally accepted practice, PEVA is required to have the vinyl acetate (VA) content between 28–33% by weight for encapsulation application in the PV modules. Recent studies have indicated stability improvements in the bare encapsulant layer when the VA content is reduced up to 18%. However, effect of UV aging on the PEVA films encapsulated using these VA contents have not been studied at the module level. Therefore, in this work, we have fabricated mini‐modules containing PEVA films that contain 18, 24 or 33% VA content and have subsequently been subjected to UV aging (1000 hours at 340 nm wavelength and 65C). The assessment of the durability at both the mini‐module and materials level has been made using various characterization techniques such as current–voltage characteristics, adhesion strength measurement, fluorescence imaging and spectra, FTIR, Raman spectra, volume resistivity and TGA. YI for the free‐standing films of PEVA18, PEVA24 and PEVA33 after 1000 hours of UV aging was slightly less than the YI values for the corresponding laminated films of PEVAs in mini‐PV modules after similar hours of aging. This work shows for the first time that increasing the VA content in PEVA increases the fluorescence intensity and contour size in the encapsulated polymer after UV aging. FTIR analysis indicates deacetylation of PEVA33 which resulted in discoloration (increased ΔYI) and has adversely affected the adhesion strength and power output after UV aging. Compared to PEVA33, the modules containing PEVA18 and PEVA24 are resilient against UV aging for all the properties. Hence, this study recommends using PEVA with 24% VA content as an encapsulant as it presents best combination of the adhesion strength and the environmental stability.
Elevated risk for developmental disabilities in children with congenital heart defects
Authors: Delgado Christine , Ullery Mary Anne , Zeng Guangyu , Simpson Elizabeth A. , Tanner J. P. , Kirby Russell S. , Duclos Chris , Lowry Joseph , Salemi Jason L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined risk for developmental disabilities in preschool‐aged children with a congenital heart defect (CHD) at the population level.MethodsStatewide birth, birth defects, and preschool developmental disability records were integrated. The final sample included 1,966,585 children (51.0% male). Children were grouped by type(s) of CHD: critical CHD, noncritical CHD, atrial septal defect, or no major birth defects (groups were mutually exclusive).ResultsChildren with a CHD (any type) were at increased risk for developmental disability (any type) (RR 2.08, 95% CI 2.03–2.14, P < .001). Children in the critical CHD, noncritical CHD, and atrial septal defect groups were at increased risk for developmental delay, intellectual disability, language impairment, other health impairment, and any disability. Children in the atrial septal defect group were at increased risk for autism spectrum disorder and speech impairment. For all CHD groups, risk was greatest for other health impairment and intellectual disability.ConclusionsIncreased risk for developmental disabilities was identified for children with less severe CHDs as well as for children with more severe (critical) CHDs. All children with CHDs should be closely monitored so that appropriate interventions can be initiated as early as possible to maximize learning outcomes.
The ups and downs in perceived societal appreciation of the teaching profession during COVID‐19: A longitudinal trajectory analysis
Authors: Kim Lisa E. , Owusu Keziah , Asbury Kathryn 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGiven the disruptions the COVID‐19 pandemic has engendered in people's professional lives, the importance and contribution of certain workforces has been under particular scrutiny. In England, the teaching profession has been under particularly close public scrutiny, with concerns that teachers’ perceived social appreciation may have decreased throughout the pandemic. Thus, the current study examined the trajectory of teachers’ perceptions of how much society, policymakers and the media had valued the teaching profession throughout this time. With an initial sample of 24 primary and secondary teachers in mainstream state schools in England, 54 online interviews took place at three time points: when school buildings were partially reopened for the first time (June 2020), when they were partially closed for the second time (February 2021) and when they were fully reopened for 16 months (July 2022). Three themes were identified in the data using a longitudinal trajectory analysis based on reflexive thematic analysis: ‘initial admiration from local communities progressively waned’, ‘continuous government disrespect towards teachers’ and ‘initial media vitriol towards teachers was sustained’. Implications for how teachers and other stakeholders in education can most effectively work together for the benefit of the health and effectiveness of the teaching profession and the educational system are considered in the context of the associated risks when teachers have low levels of perceived social appreciation.
Introducing high school biology students to biochemistry with a short, content‐oriented module
Authors: Harrold Archer , Cruikshank Allison , Penas Bryan , Roston Rebecca L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany STEM disciplines are underrepresented to High School students. This is problematic as many students' decisions for college are shaped by their experiences and achievements in high school. Short content‐oriented modules have been shown to encourage science identity and otherwise benefit the students' learning. Following the ASBMB's outreach protocol, we developed a short content‐oriented module aimed at a high school biology classroom. Students interacted with 3D models of DNA and transcription factors while exploring structure–function relationships and introductory biochemistry topics. The high school teacher was impressed with the students' response to the module, specifically the ease with which students learned, their enthusiasm, and their recall of the experience. We provide all materials necessary to use this module, including student worksheet and printable model coordinates. We encourage both high school instructors and professional biochemists to consider similar module using physical models.
Enhanced rich club connectivity in mild or moderate depression after nonpharmacological treatment: A preliminary study
Authors: Long Zhiliang , Chen Danni , Lei Xu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionIt has been suggested that the rich club organization in major depressive disorder (MDD) was altered. However, it remained unclear whether the rich club organization could be served as a biomarker that predicted the improvement of clinical symptoms in MDD.MethodsThe current study included 29 mild or moderate patients with MDD, who were grouped into a treatment group (receiving cognitive behavioral therapy or real‐time fMRI feedback treatment) and a no‐treatment group. Resting‐state MRI scans were obtained for all participants. Graph theory was employed to investigate the treatment‐related changes in network properties and rich club organization.ResultsWe found that patients in the treatment group had decreased depressive symptom scores and enhanced rich club connectivity following the nonpharmacological treatment. Moreover, the changes in rich club connectivity were significantly correlated with the changes in depressive symptom scores. In addition, the nonpharmacological treatment on patients with MDD increased functional connectivity mainly among the salience network, default mode network, frontoparietal network, and subcortical network. Patients in the no‐treatment group did not show significant changes in depressive symptom scores and rich club organization.ConclusionsThose results suggested that the remission of depressive symptoms after nonpharmacological treatment in MDD patients was associated with the increased efficiency of global information processing.
Can action tendencies be counteracted by inducing incompatible emotions? Considering instances of anxiety and anger
Authors: Elkjær Emma , Kuppens Peter , Mikkelsen Mai B. , O'Toole Mia S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe incompatible response hypothesis suggests that emotions and other affective states can counteract each other when incompatible. With the present study, we focused on two negative emotions (anger and anxiety) associated with different action tendencies (approach vs. avoidance). Specifically, we wanted to investigate if an anxiety manipulation, subsequent to an anger manipulation, would show a counteracting effect of the approach action tendencies associated with the initial anger manipulation and vice versa for anxiety and avoidance tendencies.MethodsWe conducted a preregistered online experiment (N = 173). We evaluated changes from when the individual (1) was presented with a task in relation to a specific goal (e.g., anxiety induction: recordings of students’ view on climate changes), (2) received a subsequent emotion induction framed within an unrelated task and goal (e.g., anger induction: student feedback on changes to the economic student compensation system), (3) after which they were asked to return to the initial task (e.g., from the anger induction back to the anxiety induction). Primary outcomes included visual and verbal measures of action tendencies, and secondary outcomes included appraisals and emotion experience.ResultsThe results showed no evidence of a counteractive effect by inducing emotions unrelated to the initial task and with incompatible action tendencies. Rather, results pointed to spill‐over effects, which should be seen in light of the anger conditions resulting not only in increase anger and irritability but also anxiety and nervousness.ConclusionsThe lack of counteractive effects could be due to either the mixed emotions induced by the anger condition or the compatibility of motivational context (i.e., threat) of anxiety and anger. Future research needs to refine the incompatible response hypothesis, honing the ways in which incompatibility is needed for emotion alteration, for instance by investigating the role of the motivational context.
Beta IV spectrin inhibits the metastatic growth of melanoma by suppressing VEGFR2‐driven tumor angiogenesis
Authors: Kwak Eun‐A. , Ahmed Tasmia , Flores Paola Cruz , Ortiz Hannah R. , Langlais Paul R. , Mythreye Karthikeyan , Lee Nam Y. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTumor‐associated angiogenesis mediates the growth and metastasis of most solid cancers. Targeted therapies of the VEGF pathways can effectively block these processes but often fail to provide lasting benefits due to acquired resistance and complications.ResultsRecently, we discovered βIV‐spectrin as a powerful regulator of angiogenesis and potential new target. We previously reported that βIV‐spectrin is dynamically expressed in endothelial cells (EC) to induce VEGFR2 protein turnover during development. Here, we explored how βIV‐spectrin influences the tumor vasculature using the murine B16 melanoma model and determined that loss of EC‐specific βIV‐spectrin dramatically promotes tumor growth and metastasis. Intraperitoneally injected B16 cells formed larger tumors with increased tumor vessel density and greater propensity for metastatic spread particularly to the chest cavity and lung compared to control mice. These results support βIV‐spectrin as a key regulator of tumor angiogenesis and a viable vascular target in cancer.
When consumers have difficulty understanding ads: How technical language lowers purchase intention
Authors: Liu Jiayao , Hong Xinyue , Zheng Zhixing , Zhong Jianan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTechnical language refers to field‐specific professional terms that are unfamiliar to general consumers. Despite consumers' lack of familiarity with technical language, it is still used in advertisements for various products. Here, we find that technical language reduces consumers' willingness to purchase the advertised products because such language reduces their processing fluency (Study 1 and Study 2). We further show that (1) when consumers have relevant knowledge (Study 3) and (2) when the advertised product is a typical technology product (Study 4), the negative effect of technical language is attenuated. Together, these three findings constitute evidence that processing fluency is a mechanism by which consumers' purchase intention is decreased following their exposure to technical language in advertising, suggesting that using technical language in ads may not be the best option.
Impact of preprocedural anemia on in‐hospital and follow‐up outcomes of chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Rempakos Athanasios , Kostantinis Spyridon , Simsek Bahadir , Karacsonyi Judit , Alexandrou Michaella , Choi James W. , Poommipanit Paul , Khatri Jaikirshan J. , Young Laura , Davies Rhian , Benton Stewart , Jaffer Farouc A. , Chandwaney Raj , Azzalini Lorenzo , Alaswad Khaldoon , Jefferson Brian , Frizzell Jarrod , Abi‐Rafeh Nidal , Elguindy Ahmed , Goktekin Omer , Rangan Bavana V. , Mastrodemos Olga C. , Allana Salman S. , Sandoval Yader , Burke Nicholas M. , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Gorgulu Sevket 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of preprocedural anemia on the outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has received limited study.MethodsWe examined the clinical and angiographic characteristics and procedural outcomes of 8633 CTO PCIs performed at 39 US and non‐US centers between 2012 and 2023. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level of <13 g/dL in men and <12 g/dL in women.ResultsAnemia was present in 1652 (19%) patients undergoing CTO PCI. Anemic patients had a higher incidence of comorbidities, such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease. CTOs in anemic patients were more likely to have complex angiographic characteristics, including smaller diameter, longer length, moderate to severe calcification, and moderate to severe proximal tortuosity. Anemic patients required longer procedure (119 vs. 107 min; p < 0.001) and fluoroscopy (45 vs. 40 min; p < 0.001) times but received similar contrast volumes. Technical success was similar between the two groups. In‐hospital major adverse cardiac events (MACE) rates were higher in patients with anemia; however, this association was no longer significant after adjusting for confounding factors. Baseline anemia was independently associated with follow‐up MACE (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07–2.49; p = 0.023) and all‐cause mortality (adjusted HR: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.41–6.49; p = 0.004).ConclusionsPreprocedural anemia is associated with more comorbidities, higher lesion complexity, longer procedure times, and higher follow‐up MACE and mortality after CTO PCI.
Long‐term clinical outcomes following successful percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with extremely long coronary chronic total occlusion lesions
Authors: Ahn Jihun , Yu HyeYon , Rha Seung‐Woon , Choi Byoung Geol , Park Soohyung , Park Eun Jin , Kang Dong Oh , Choi Cheol Ung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundLesion length is related to worse clinical outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the treatment of chronic total occlusion (CTO). However, the data to confirm the association between extremely long lesions and clinical hard endpoints have been limited. Therefore, we investigated the impact of extremely long CTO lesions (≥50 mm, treated lesion length) on the long‐term clinical outcomes following successful PCI.MethodsA total of 333 consecutive patients with CTO who underwent successful PCI with drug‐eluting stents (DESs) were allocated to either the extremely long or the short CTO group according to their CTO lesion length. The 5‐year clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. The incidence of myocardial infarction, cardiac death (CD), revascularization, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was higher in the extremely long CTO group. The 5‐year clinical outcomes were analyzed using the Cox hazard ratio (HR) model.ResultsIn the entire study population, the extremely long CTO lesion was an independent predictor for higher rate of revascularization, MACE, CD, or mortality.ConclusionsIn our study, CTO patients with extremely long lesions (≥50 mm) who underwent successful PCI were associated with a higher risk of worse long‐term clinical outcomes, including hard clinical endpoints such as CD and mortality even in the DESs era.
Hybrid approach to pulmonary vein stenting after Fontan palliation
Authors: Critchfield Daniel R. , Chamberlain Reid C. , Turek Joseph W. , Fleming Gregory A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPulmonary vein stenosis is poorly tolerated in patients who have undergone Fontan palliation and typically requires surgical or transcatheter intervention. Percutaneous transcatheter approaches to intervention can be technically difficult due to challenging anatomy. A hybrid per‐atrial transcatheter approach for stenting pulmonary veins provides a direct approach to the pulmonary veins and has the potential to improve safety and efficacy of this complex intervention. We describe our experience with hybrid per‐atrial pulmonary vein stenting in three patients with pulmonary vein stenosis following Fontan palliation.