bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment outcomes of radium-223 in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: An experience before National Health Insurance reimbursement in Taiwan
Authors: Yu Ping-Hsuan , Wei Tony Tzu-Chun , Chang Yen-Hwa , Chung Hsiao-Jen , Huang Eric Yi-Hsiu , Lin Tzu-Ping , Huang William J. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Radium-223 (Ra-223), an α–particle-emitting isotope, inhibits bony metastases and prevents patients from skeletal-related events in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We retrospectively reviewed the treatment response, predictive factors, and adverse events (AEs) of Ra-223 before the National Health Insurance reimbursement in a Taiwanese tertiary institute.

Methods:
Patients treated with Ra-223 before January 2019 were enrolled and categorized into progressive disease (PD) and clinical benefits (CB) groups. Laboratory data before and after the treatment were collected, and spider plots concerning percentage changes of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were prepared and calculated statistically. CB/PD, baseline ALP, LDH, and PSA levels were also adopted as stratification factors for overall survival (OS).

Results:
Among 19 patients included, 5 (26.3%) and 14 (73.4%) belonged to the PD and CB groups, respectively, with no significant difference observed in the baseline laboratory data. The percentage changes in ALP, LDH, and PSA levels after Ra-223 treatment were statistically significant among the two groups (ALP: CB 54.3 ± 21.4% vs PD 77.6 ± 11.8%, p = 0.044; LDH: CB 88.2 ± 22.8% vs PD 138.3 ± 49.0%, p = 0.046; PSA: CB 97.8 ± 61.7% vs PD 277.0 ± 101.1%, p = 0.002). The trends of LDH between the two groups in spider plot were separated significantly. There were no differences in the AEs between the two groups. CB had a longer median OS than the PD group (20.50 months vs 9.43 months, p = 0.009). Patients with LDH <250 U/L at baseline tended to have longer OS but without significance.

Conclusion:
The CB rate of Ra-223 was 73.7%. No predictive factor for treatment response was obtained from pretreatment data. The mean percentage changes in ALP, LDH, and PSA levels compared with baseline significantly differed between the CB and PD groups, especially the LDH levels. The CB and PD groups showed different OS, with LDH levels exhibiting the potential to predict OS.
Adherence to Psychotropic Medication Before and During COVID-19
Authors: Froese Brandon , Aquino Gian , Valencia Eunice , Tan Qier , Yogendran Marina , Katz Cara , Bolton James M. , Falk Jamie , Kowalec Kaarina , Chateau Dan , Delaney Joseph C. , Logsetty Sarvesh , Spiwak Rae , Enns Murray W. , Sareen Jitender , Alessi-Severini Silvia , Olafson Kendiss , Eltonsy Sherif , Leong Christine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated public health measures have shifted the way people access health care. We aimed to study the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychotropic medication adherence.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study using administrative data from the Manitoba Centre for Health Policy Manitoba Population Research Data Repository was conducted. Outpatients who received at least 1 prescription for an antidepressant, antipsychotic, anxiolytic/sedative-hypnotic, cannabinoid, lithium, or stimulants from 2015 to 2020 in Manitoba, Canada, were included. Adherence was measured using the proportion of individuals with a mean possession ratio of ≥0.8 over each quarter. Each quarter of 2020 after COVID-19–related health measures were implemented was compared with the expected trend using autoregression models for time series data plus indicator variables. Odds ratio of drug discontinuation among those previously adherent in 2020 was compared with each respective quarter of 2019.

Results
There were 1,394,885 individuals in the study population in the first quarter of 2020 (mean [SD] age, 38.9 [23.4] years; 50.3% female), with 36.1% having a psychiatric diagnosis in the preceding 5 years. Compared with the expected trend, increases in the proportions of individuals adherent to antidepressants and stimulants were observed in the fourth quarter (October–December) of 2020 (both P < 0.001). Increases in the proportions of individuals with anxiolytic and cannabinoid adherence were observed in the third quarter (July–September) of 2020 (both P < 0.05), whereas a decrease was seen with stimulants in the same quarter (P < 0.0001). No significant changes were observed for antipsychotics. All drug classes except lithium had decreases in drug discontinuation in previously adherent patients during the pandemic compared with 2019.

Conclusions
Improved adherence to most psychotropic medications in the 9 months after public health restrictions were enacted was observed. Patients who were already adherent to their psychotropic medications were less likely to discontinue them during the pandemic.
Hospital Characteristics Associated With Clinically Integrated Network Participation
Authors: Hague Emily L. , Brown Timothy T. , Brewster Amanda , Shortell Stephen M. , Rodriguez Hector P. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Increased integration of physician organizations and hospitals into health systems has not necessarily improved clinical integration or patient outcomes. However, federal regulators have issued favorable opinions for clinically integrated networks (CINs) as a way to pursue coordination between hospitals and physicians. Hospital organizational affiliations, including independent practice associations (IPA), physician-hospital organizations (PHOs), and accountable care organizations (ACOs), may support CIN participation. No empirical evidence, however, exists about factors associated with CIN participation.

Methods:
Data from the 2019 American Hospital Association survey (n = 4405) were analyzed to quantify hospital CIN participation. Multivariable logistic regression models were estimated to examine whether IPA, PHO, and ACO affiliations were associated with CIN participation, controlling for market factors and hospital characteristics.

Results:
In 2019, 34.6% of hospitals participated in a CIN. Larger, not-for-profit, and metropolitan hospitals were more likely to participate in CINs. In adjusted analyses, hospitals participating in CINs were more likely to have an IPA (9.5% points, P < 0.001), a PHO (6.1% points, P < 0.001), and ACO (19.3% points, P < 0.001) compared with hospitals not participating in a CIN.

Conclusions:
Over one-third of hospitals participate in a CIN, despite limited evidence about their effectiveness in delivering value. Results suggest that CIN participation may be a response to integrative norms. Future work should attempt to better define CIN participation and strive to disentangle overlapping organizational participation.
Central Nervous System Tumor With BCL6 Corepressor Internal Tandem Duplication: Treatment Course of a Long-term Survivor
Authors: Bakkar Mohamad , Altinok Deniz , Kupsky William J. , Marupudi Neena I. , Chiang Jason , Gorsi Hamza S. 
Published: June 2023

Central nervous system (CNS) tumor with BCL6 corepressor (BCOR) internal tandem duplication (ITD) is a newly described CNS tumor, characterized by in-frame ITDs of the BCOR gene. There is no standard practice regarding the management of this tumor. We report the clinical course of a 6-year-old boy who presented to the hospital with worsening headaches. Computed tomography scan showed a large right-sided parietal supratentorial mass and brain magnetic resonance imaging confirmed a 6×8×6.7 cm lobulated, solid but heterogeneous mass in the right parieto-occipital region. While initial pathology suggested a WHO grade 3 anaplastic meningioma, additional investigation with molecular analysis confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with BCOR exon 15 ITD. This diagnosis was renamed CNS tumor with BCOR ITD in the 2021 WHO CNS tumor classification. The patient received 54 Gy of focal radiation and has no evidence of disease recurrence after 48 months from the end of treatment. As this is a newly discovered entity with only a few previous reports in the scientific literature, this report presents a unique treatment for this CNS tumor compared with those previously described.
Prosthesis nonuse and discontinuation in United States veterans with major limb amputation: Results of a national survey
Authors: Webster Joseph , Borgia Matthew , Resnik Linda 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Prosthesis use in persons with amputation can improve mobility and functional independence. Better understanding of the reasons for and outcomes associated with prosthesis nonuse is important to optimize function and long-term health in persons with amputation.

Objectives:
Study objectives were to describe the rate, reasons for, and factors associated with never using or discontinuing prosthesis use in United States (US) veterans with amputation.

Study Design:
Cross-sectional study design.

Methods:
The study used an online survey to assess prosthesis use and satisfaction in veterans with upper-limb and lower-limb amputation. Survey participation invitations were distributed by email, text message, and mail to 46,613 potential participants.

Results:
The survey response rate was 11.4%. After exclusions, an analytic sample of 3,959 respondents with a major limb amputation was identified. The sample was 96.4% male; 78.3% White, with mean age of 66.9; and mean of 18.2 years since amputation. The rate of never using a prosthesis was 8.2%, and the rate of prosthesis discontinuation was 10.5%. Functionality (62.0%), undesirable prosthesis characteristics (56.9%), and comfort (53.4%) were the most common reasons for discontinuation. After controlling for the amputation subgroup, the odds of prosthesis discontinuation were higher for those with unilateral upper-limb amputation, female gender, White race (compared with Black race), diabetes, above-knee amputation, and lower prosthesis satisfaction. Prosthesis satisfaction and quality of life were highest for current prosthesis users.

Conclusions:
This study adds new understanding regarding the rate and reasons for prosthesis nonuse in veterans and highlights the important relationship between prosthesis discontinuation and prosthesis satisfaction, quality of life, and satisfaction with life.
A Feasibility Study on Deep Learning Reconstruction to Improve Image Quality With PROPELLER Acquisition in the Setting of T2-Weighted Gynecologic Pelvic Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Saleh Mohammed , Virarkar Mayur , Javadi Sanaz , Mathew Manoj , Vulasala Sai Swarupa Reddy , Son Jong Bum , Sun Jia , Bayram Ersin , Wang Xinzeng , Ma Jingfei , Szklaruk Janio , Bhosale Priya 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
Evaluate deep learning (DL) to improve the image quality of the PROPELLER (Periodically Rotated Overlapping Parallel Lines with Enhanced Reconstruction technique) for 3 T magnetic resonance imaging of the female pelvis.

Methods
Three radiologists prospectively and independently compared non-DL and DL PROPELLER sequences from 20 patients with a history of gynecologic malignancy. Sequences with different noise reduction factors (DL 25%, DL 50%, and DL 75%) were blindly reviewed and scored based on artifacts, noise, relative sharpness, and overall image quality. The generalized estimating equation method was used to assess the effect of methods on the Likert scales. Quantitatively, the contrast-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the iliac muscle were calculated, and pairwise comparisons were performed based on a linear mixed model. P values were adjusted using the Dunnett method. Interobserver agreement was assessed using the κ statistic. P value was considered statistically significant at less than 0.05.

Results
Qualitatively, DL 50 and DL 75 were ranked as the best sequences in 86% of cases. Images generated by the DL method were significantly better than non-DL images (P < 0.0001). Iliacus muscle SNR on DL 50 and DL 75 was significantly better than non-DL images (P < 0.0001). There was no difference in contrast-to-noise ratio between the DL and non-DL techniques in the iliac muscle. There was a high percent agreement (97.1%) in terms of DL sequences' superior image quality (97.1%) and sharpness (100%) relative to non-DL images.

Conclusion
The utilization of DL reconstruction improves the image quality of PROPELLER sequences with improved SNR quantitatively.
FDG PET (and MRI) for Monitoring Immunotherapy in Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Høilund-Carlsen Poul F. , Revheim Mona-Elisabeth , Alavi Abass , Barrio Jorge R. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Passive immunotherapy for Alzheimer disease has been tried for over 10 years without success. However, in 2021 and most recently in January 2023, the US Food and Drug Administration granted accelerated approval of 2 antibodies for this purpose, aducanumab and lecanemab. In both cases, the approval was based on a presumed therapy-related removal of amyloid deposits from the brain and, in the case of lecanemab, also some delay in cognitive decline. We question the validity of the evidence for the removal of amyloid in particular as assessed by amyloid PET imaging, believing that what is observed is more likely a large nonspecific amyloid PET signal in the white matter that diminishes during immunotherapy—in line with dose-dependent increases in amyloid-related imaging abnormalities and increased loss of cerebral volume in treated compared with placebo patients. To investigate this further, we recommend repeat FDG PET and MRI in all future immunotherapy trials.
Immediate use cryoprecipitate products provide lasting organ protection in a rodent model of trauma/hemorrhagic shock and prolonged hypotensive resuscitation
Authors: Zeineddin Ahmad , Wu Feng , Cao Sereena , Corash Laurence , Pati Shibani , Kozar Rosemary Ann 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND
Cryoprecipitate (CP) can augment hemostasis after hemorrhagic shock (HS). Similar to fresh frozen plasma (FFP), CP may provide short-term endothelial protection. We tested a new 5-day postthaw CP (5-day pathogen-reduced cryoprecipitate [5PRC]) and lyophilized pathogen-reduced cryoprecipitate (LPRC) to overcome challenges of early administration and hypothesized that 5PRC and LPRC would provide lasting organ protection in a rodent model of HS.

METHODS
Mice underwent trauma/HS (laparotomy then HS), mean arterial pressure (MAP) 35 × 90 minutes, and then 6 hours of hypotensive resuscitation (MAP, 55–60 mm Hg) with lactated Ringer's solution (LR), FFP, CP, 5PRC, or LPRC and compared with shams. Animals were followed for 72 hours. Organs and blood were collected. Data are presented as mean ± SD and analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc.

RESULTS
Mean arterial pressure was comparable between experimental groups at baseline, preresuscitation, and 6 hours per protocol. However, volume needed to resuscitate to target MAP over 6 hours was less than half for CP, 5PRC, LPRC, and FFP compared with LR, suggesting that CP products can serve as effective resuscitative agents. Mean arterial pressure at 72 hours was also significantly higher in the CP, 5PRC, and FFP groups compared with LR. Resuscitation with CP, 5PRC, and LPRC provided lasting protection from gut injury and enhanced syndecan immunostaining comparable with FFP, while LR mice demonstrated persistent organ dysfunction. Sustained endothelial protection was demonstrated by lessened lung permeability, while cystatin C was an indicator of kidney function, and liver aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase returned to sham levels in all groups.

CONCLUSION
Cryoprecipitate products can provide lasting organ protection comparable with FFP in a sustained rodent model of trauma/HS and hypotensive resuscitation. The availability of 5PRC and LPRC will allow for investigation into the immediate use of cryoprecipitate for severely injured patients. As lyophilized products such as cryoprecipitate become available clinically, their use has important implications for prehospital, rural, and battlefield usage.
Injury-induced endotheliopathy: What you need to know
Authors: Cardenas Jessica C. , Dong Jing Fei , Kozar Rosemary Ann 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The endotheliopathy of trauma involves a complex interplay between the glycocalyx, von Willebrand factor, and platelets that leads to abnormalities in coagulation, inflammation, and endothelial cell (EC) function. The current review presents a synopsis of EC function under homeostatic conditions, the structure and function of the endothelial glycocalyx; mechanisms of EC injury and activation after trauma; pathological consequences of the EoT at the cellular level; and clinical implications of the EoT. Recent evidence is presented that links the EoT to extracellular vesicles and hyperadhesive ultralarge von Willebrand factor multimers through their roles in coagulopathy. Lastly, potential therapeutics to mitigate the EoT are discussed. Most research to date has focused on blood products, primarily plasma, and its contribution to restoring postinjury EC dysfunction. Additional therapeutic adjuvants that target the glycocalyx, ultralarge von Willebrand factor, low ADAMTS-13, and pathologic extracellular vesicles are reviewed. Much of the pathobiology of EoT is known, but a better mechanistic understanding can help guide therapeutics to further repair the EoT and improve patient outcomes.
Large Discrepancies in Dementia Mortality Reported in Vital Statistics
Authors: Adair Tim , Li Hang , Temple Jeromey , Anstey Kaarin J. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
There is limited understanding of the intercountry comparability of dementia mortality data. This study compares reported dementia mortality in national vital statistics between countries and over time. In countries with low dementia reporting, this study identifies other causes to which dementia may be misclassified.

Methods:
Using the World Health Organization (WHO) Mortality Database, we calculated the ratio of reported to expected (Global Burden of Disease estimated) age-standardized dementia death rates in 90 countries from 2000 to 2019. Other causes to which dementia may be misclassified were identified as having relatively high cause fractions compared with other countries.

Patients:
No patients were involved.

Results:
There is a large intercountry variation in reported dementia mortality rates. The ratio of reported to expected dementia mortality exceeded 100% in high-income countries but was below 50% in other super regions. In countries with low reported dementia mortality, cardiovascular diseases, ill-defined causes, and pneumonia have relatively high cause fractions and may be misclassified from dementia.

Discussion:
Large discrepancies in dementia mortality reporting between countries, including often implausibly low reported mortality, makes comparison extremely difficult. Improved guidance for and training of certifiers and the use of multiple cause-of-death data can help strengthen the policy utility of dementia mortality data.
Too many big promises: What is holding back cyanobacterial research and applications?
Authors: Schmelling Nicolas M. , Bross Moritz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClimate change as a global crisis demands a shift from a fossil fuel-based economy to-wards sustainable solutions. Cyanobacteria are promising organisms for the truly sustainable, carbon-neutral production of various chemicals. However, so far, proof of concepts for large-scale cyanobacterial productions that produce industrial-relevant amounts of desired products are lacking. To systematically address this topic, a comprehensive overview that identifies current obstacles and solutions is missing.We conducted a quantitative survey among researchers in the cyanobacterial community. This work investigates individual experiences and challenges in the field of cyanobacteria, as well as information about specific protocols. Additionally, qualitative interviews with academic experts were conducted. Their answers were compared, and highlights were summarised.In this work, we provide for the first time a comprehensive overview of current trends and challenges as perceived by researchers in the field of cyanobacteria. Based on the results of the survey and interviews, we formulate a set of recommendations on how to improve the working conditions within the cyanobacteria research community.
C1q Enables Influenza HA Stem Binding Antibodies to Block Viral Attachment and Broadens the Antibody Escape Repertoire
Authors: Kosik Ivan , Santos Jefferson Da Silva , Angel Matthew , Hu Zhe , Holly Jaroslav , Gibbs James S. , Gill Tanner , Kosikova Martina , Li Tiansheng , Bakhache William , Dolan Patrick T. , Xie Hang , Andrews Sarah F. , Gillespie Rebecca A. , Kanekiyo Masaru , McDermott Adrian B. , Pierson Theodore C. , Yewdell Jonathan W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBroadly neutralizing, anti-hemagglutinin stem antibodies (Abs) are a promising universal influenza vaccine target. While anti-stem Abs are not believed to block viral attachment, we show that C1q confers attachment inhibition and boosts fusion and neuraminidase inhibition, greatly enhancing virus neutralization activity in vitro and in mice challenged with influenza virus via the respiratory route. These effects reflect increased steric interference and not increased Ab avidity. Remarkably, C1q greatly expands the anti-stem Ab viral escape repertoire to include residues throughout the hemagglutinin. Some substitutions cause antigenic alterations in the globular region or modulate HA receptor avidity. We also show that C1q enhances the neutralization activity of non-RBD anti-SARS-CoV-2 Spike Abs, an effect dependent on Spike density on the virion surface. Together, our findings show that first, Ab function must be considered in a physiological context and second, inferring the exact selection pressure for Ab-driven viral evolution is risky business, at best.
Functional glycoproteomics by integrated network assembly and partitioning
Authors: Griffin Matthew E. , Thompson John W. , Xiao Yao , Sweredoski Michael J. , Aksenfeld Rita B. , Jensen Elizabeth H. , Koldobskaya Yelena , Schacht Andrew L. , Kim Terry D. , Choudhry Priya , Lomenick Brett , Garbis Spiros D. , Moradian Annie , Hsieh-Wilson Linda C. 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYThe post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins by O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is widespread across the proteome during the lifespan of all multicellular organisms. However, nearly all functional studies have focused on individual protein modifications, overlooking the multitude of simultaneous O-GlcNAcylation events that work together to coordinate cellular activities. Here, we describeNetworking ofInteractors andSubstratEs (NISE), a novel, systems-level approach to rapidly and comprehensively monitor O-GlcNAcylation across the proteome. Our method integrates affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS) and site-specific chemoproteomic technologies with network generation and unsupervised partitioning to connect potential upstream regulators with downstream targets of O-GlcNAcylation. The resulting network provides a data-rich framework that reveals both conserved activities of O-GlcNAcylation such as epigenetic regulation as well as tissue-specific functions like synaptic morphology. Beyond O-GlcNAc, this holistic and unbiased systems-level approach provides a broadly applicable framework to study PTMs and discover their diverse roles in specific cell types and biological states.