bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytokine storm and severe hepatitis in pregnancy due to herpes simplex virus 2
Authors: Mularoni Alessandra , Cona Andrea , Ribeiro Dias Lùcia , Bulati Matteo , Busà Rosalia , Castelbuono Salvatore , Lo Porto Davide , Pietrosi Giada , Liotta Rosa , Conaldi Pier Giulio , Grossi Paolo Antonio , Luppi Mario 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Case presentation
A pregnant woman developed hepatitis due to a herpes simplex virus 2 primary infection with a severe systemic inflammatory response. Treatment with acyclovir and human immunoglobulin was given and both mother and baby survived.

Purpose
We provide the first description of the inflammatory response associated with herpetic hepatitis in pregnancy.
Comparative analysis of fatigue strength of a freight wagon frame
Authors: Vega Bruno , Pérez Jesús Ángel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFreight wagons primarily consist of welded steel structures subjected to time varying loads. Therefore, fatigue associated with the welding process is a common failure mode. Several technical codes for fatigue assessment have been proposed, being DVS 1612–2014 and ERRI B 12/RP 60 two of the most used. Nevertheless, no clear correlation between both codes is yet found in the bibliography. To overcome this, the present paper develops a full comparison over a study case of a freight wagon frame model. Finite element method is used for the stress calculation based on loads according to UNE-EN 12663-2. Weld performances comply with UNE-EN 15085-3. Fatigue post-processing is carried in parallel using DVS and ERRI codes. Finally, fatigue results of both codes are compared at each element of the model and each weld type. The results obtained provide a complete overview of the influence on the fatigue design of choosing a specific technical code for fatigue assessment.
Tribologically induced nanostructural evolution of carbon materials: A new perspective
Authors: Neves Guilherme Oliveira , Araya Nicolás , Salvaro Diego Berti , Lamim Thiago de Souza , Giacomelli Renan Oss , Binder Cristiano , Klein Aloisio Nelmo , de Mello José Daniel Biasoli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCarbon-based solid lubricants are excellent options to reduce friction and wear, especially with the carbon capability to adopt different allotropes forms. On the macroscale, these materials are sheared on the contact along with debris and contaminants to form tribolayers that govern the tribosystem performance. Using a recently developed advanced Raman analysis on the tribolayers, it was possible to quantify the contact-induced defects in the crystalline structure of a wide range of allotropes of carbon-based solid lubricants, from graphite and carbide-derived carbon particles to multi-layer graphene and carbon nanotubes. In addition, these materials were tested under various dry sliding conditions, with different geometries, topographies, and solid-lubricant application strategies. Regardless of the initial tribosystem conditions and allotrope level of atomic ordering, there is a remarkable trend of increasing the point and line defects density until a specific saturation limit in the same order of magnitude for all the materials tested.
A robot-assisted adaptive communication recovery method in disaster scenarios
Authors: Hao Kuangrong , Zhao Chenwei , Liu Xiaoyan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCommunication recovery is necessary for rescue and reconstruction scenarios including earthquakes, typhoons, floods, etc. The rapid and stable communication link can provide efficient victims’ real-time information for the rescue process. However, traditional centralized communication links cannot traverse the further victims with information-sharing requirements. And the even communication link distribution leads to a load burden on the crowded victim area. Thus, we propose a three-layer architecture consisting of the emergency communication vehicle, backbone links, and branch links to rapidly recover communication via mobile robots. Then, considering victims’ distribution, an improved MaxMin distance algorithm is presented as the basis of robot dispatch. The relay probability of the link is also estimated with closed formulae. Finally, simulation results verify that our proposed algorithm can recover communication with lower delay and higher packet delivery ratio.
Predicting the reaction of financial markets to Federal Open Market Committee post-meeting statements
Authors: Osowska Ewelina , Wójcik Piotr 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article examines the impact of Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) statements on stock and foreign exchange markets with the use of text-mining and predictive models. We take into account a long period since March 2001 until June 2023. Unlike in most previous studies, both linear and non-linear methods were applied. We also take into account additional explanatory variables that control for the current corporate managers’ and retail customers’ assessment of the economic situation. The proposed methodology is based on calculating the FOMC statements’ tone (called sentiment) and incorporate it as a potential predictor in the modeling process. For the purpose of sentiment calculation, we utilized the FinBERT pre-trained NLP model. Fourteen event windows around the event are considered. We proved that the information content of FOMC statements is an important predictor of the financial markets’ reaction directly after the event. In the case of models explaining the reaction of financial markets in the first minute after the announcement of the FOMC statement, the sentiment score was the first or the second most important feature, after the market surprise component. We also showed that applying non-linear models resulted in better prediction of market reaction due to identified non-linearities in the relationship between the two most important predictors (surprise component and sentiment score) and returns just after the event. Last but not least, the predictive accuracy during the COVID pandemic was indeed lower than in the previous year.
Biochar derived from invasive plants improved the pH, macronutrient availability and biological properties better than liming for acid rain-affected soil
Authors: Li Yazheng , Abdo Ahmed I. , Shi Zhaoji , Merwad Abdel-Rahman M. A. , Zhang Jiaen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Rapid development in industrialization and urbanization causes serious environmental issues, of which acid rain is one of the quintessential hazards, negatively affecting soil ecology. Liming has been investigated for a long time as the most effective amendment to alter the adverse effects of soil acidity resulting from acid rain. Herein, this study tested the biochar produced from invasive plants as an alternative amendment and hypothesized that biochar can maintain better availability of macronutrients under acid rain than liming by improving soil chemical and biological properties. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to compare the effects of lime and biochar at two rates (1% and 3%) on soil available nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) under simulated acid rain of two pH levels (4.5: pH4.5 and 2.5: pH2.5) as compared with tap water (pH7.1) as a control treatment. Biochar was produced using different invasive plants, including Blackjack (Biden Pilosa), Wedelia (Wedelia trilobata) and Bitter Vine (Mikania micrantha Kunth). Liming decreased the availability of soil N, P, and K by 36.3% as compared with the control due to the great increment in soil pH and exchangeable calcium (Ca2+) by 59% and 16-fold, respectively. Moreover, liming reduced the alpha diversity of soil bacteria and fungi by 27% and 11%, respectively. In contrast, biochar at different types and rates resulted in a fourfold increment in the available N, P, and K as an average under acid rain (pH4.5 and pH2.5) owing to maintaining a neutral pH (6.5–7), which is the most favorable level for soil microbial and enzymatic activites, and the bioavailability of soil nutrients. Furthermore, biochar caused balanced increments in Ca2+ by threefold, cation exchange capacity by 45%, urease activity by 16%, and fungal diversity by 10%, while having a slight reduction in bacterial diversity by 2.5%. Based on the path, correlation, and principal component analyses, the exchangeable aluminum was a moderator for the reductions in macronutrients’ availability under acid rain, which decreased by 40% and 35% under liming and biochar, respectively. This study strongly recommended the use of biochar from invasive plants instead of lime for sustainable improvements in soil properties under acid rain.

Graphical Abstract
EXACT SUBCATEGORIES, SUBFUNCTORS OF , AND SOME APPLICATIONS
Authors: DAO HAILONG , DEY SOUVIK , DUTTA MONALISA 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLet
$({\cal{A}},{\cal{E}})$
be an exact category. We establish basic results that allow one to identify sub(bi)functors of
${\operatorname{Ext}}_{\cal{E}}(-,-)$
using additivity of numerical functions and restriction to subcategories. We also study a small number of these new functors over commutative local rings in detail and find a range of applications from detecting regularity to understanding Ulrich modules.
Status politics is the origin of morality policy
Authors: Wendell Dane G. , Tatalovich Raymond 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAfter drawing a distinction between “class” and “status,” an early but short-lived sociological literature on status politics is reviewed. That approach has lost favor, but moral foundations theory (MFT) offers a new opportunity to link morality policy to status politics. While any of the five moral foundations (care, fairness, loyalty, authority, sanctity) can provoke conflict over status, most often sanctity is the cause of status politics because it engages the emotion of disgust. Disgust drives the behavioral immune system, which prevents us from being infected by contaminants in tainted food or by “outsiders” who are perceived to follow unconventional practices. This research note concludes by referencing 20 empirical studies in which feelings of disgust targeted certain groups or practices in society (i.e., immigrants, criminals, abortion). Thus, status politics is the origin of morality policy.
Aristophanes’Frogsand reading culture in Athens
Authors: Schmitz Thomas A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAristophanes’Frogs, first performed in 405 BCE, is an important milestone in Greek cultural history. The play is evidence of the beginnings of the establishment of a literary canon in Athens. The paper shows that the deaths of Euripides and Sophocles, in combination with the emergence of a reading culture, marked a break in the ways in which tragedy was perceived in Athens. It makes use of Jan Assmann’s concept of a transition from ritual to textual continuity to explore this capital step in the process of the canonization of ‘classical’ tragedy that would arrive at its fulfilment in the course of the fourth century BCE.
Disasters in the Northern Triangle: A Descriptive Analysis Using the EM-DAT Database 1902-2022
Authors: Dickason R. Myles , Hertelendy Attila J. , Hart Alexander , Ciottone Gregory R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroduction:Since 1902, disasters in the Northern Triangle of Central America, which consists of the countries Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador, have caused over one-hundred-thousand deaths, affected millions of people, and caused tens of billions of dollars in damages. Understanding the nature and frequency of these events will allow stakeholders to decrease both the acute damages and the long-term deleterious consequences of disasters.Study Objective:This study provides a descriptive analysis of all disasters recorded in the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) affecting Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador from 1902-2022.Methods:Data were collected and analyzed from the EM-DAT, which categorizes disasters by frequency, severity, financial cost, distribution by country, burden of death, number of people affected, financial cost by country, and type of disasters most prevalent in each country. Results are presented as absolute numbers and as a percentage of the overall disaster burden. These trends are then graphed over the time period of the database.Results:The EM-DAT recorded 359 disasters in the Northern Triangle from 1902 through 2022. Meteorologic events (floods and storms) were the most common types of disaster (44%), followed by transport accidents (13%). Meteorologic events and earthquakes were the most severe, as measured by deaths (62%), people affected (60%), and financial cost (86%). Guatemala had the greatest number of disasters (45%), deaths (68%), and affected people (52%). The financial costs of the disasters were evenly distributed between the three countries.Conclusion:Meteorologic disasters are the most common and most severe type of disaster in the Northern Triangle. Earthquakes and transport accidents are also common. As climate change causes more severe storms in the region, disasters are likely to increase in severity as well. Governments and aid organizations should develop disaster preparedness and mitigation strategies to lessen the catastrophic effects of future disasters. Missing data limit the conclusions of this study to general trends.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Earthquake Victims Presented to the Emergency Department with and without Crush Injury upon the 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Turkey) Earthquake
Authors: Buyurgan Çağrı Safa , Bozkurt Babuş Seyran , Yarkaç Akif , Köse Ataman , Usluer Halil Oktay , Ayrık Cüneyt , Narcı Hüseyin , Orekici Temel Gülhan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroduction:Earthquakes are sudden-onset natural disasters that are associated with substantial material damage, resulting in the collapse of built environment with a high rate of mortality, injury, and disability. Crush syndrome, which can be seen after devastating earthquakes, can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) and patients may require amputation, fasciotomy, and dialysis. Supportive treatment has an important role in the prognosis of these patients.Study Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of traumatic earthquake survivors admitted to the emergency department (ED) of a hospital, which was close to the earthquake zone but not affected by the earthquake, after the February 6, 2023 Kahramanmaraş (Turkey) earthquakes.Materials and Methods:This study was conducted by retrospectively analyzing the data of 1,110 traumatized earthquake survivors admitted to the ED of a tertiary care university hospital from February 6th through February 20th, 2023. Age; gender; time of presentation; presence of comorbid diseases; ED triage category; duration of stay under debris; presence of additional trauma; laboratory tests; presence of AKI; presence of crush injury and injury sites; supportive treatment (fluid replacement and intravenous [IV] sodium bicarbonate); need for amputation, dialysis, and fasciotomy; duration of hospitalization; and outcome of ED were evaluated.Results:Of the 1,110 traumatic victims in this study, 55.5% were female patients. The mean age of the patients was 45.94 (SD = 16.7) years; the youngest was 18 years old and the oldest was 95 years old. Crush injury was detected in 18.8% and AKI in 3.0% of the patients. Dialysis, amputation, and fasciotomy were required in 1.6%, 2.8%, and 1.4% of the patients, respectively. In total, 29.2% of patients were hospitalized, including 2.9% admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and 26.3% to the relevant ward. In total, 0.3% of the patients included in the study died at ED.Conclusion:Post-earthquake patients may present with crush injury, AKI may develop, and fasciotomy, amputation, and dialysis may be needed, so hospitals and EDs should be prepared for natural disasters such as earthquakes.
Culture of the Chinese revolution: symbolic and semiotic differences from the world culture of revolution
Authors: Dong Qiancheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article examines images of revolution in Chinese artworks within a global context. It argues that the theme of revolution in Chinese art can be divided into three movements: (1) Art of Scars, (2) New Wave ’85, from which political pop art and cynical realism took their roots, and (3) the modern twenty-first century trend of Mao and the Cultural Revolution. An analysis of political pop art identified a synthesis of academic and iconographic features and Western philosophical concepts, which can be found in the semiotic elements of the painting Maozedong: AO. Its cynical realism is similar to the satire of the American painter in his Daughters of Revolution. Both artworks depict images of the "citizen" in an era of historical change. This analysis of the painting in the style of Mao and the Cultural Revolution offers a rethinking of traditional Chinese canons as a response to the Western religious traditions influenced by a multicultural environment. The data can be used as an additional source to examine symbolism and semiotics in the artistic language of Chinese artists representing the culture of revolution.
Deliberative Experience and the Civic Aspirations of Legal Education
Authors: Kennedy Jeffrey 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs law graduates wield significant influence in public life, law schools’ responsibility for cultivating students’ civic capacities and dispositions remains an important but often neglected project. Taking up this project, this article traces a thread of deliberative democratic aspirations within legal education scholarship and explores the potential of participation within law schools’ own political processes for realising these ideals. To do so, it examines law students’ experiences of an experiment with deliberative democracy’s leading institutional innovation – the deliberative mini-public – and demonstrates the ways in which participation fostered deliberative capacities, a more collective orientation, and increased confidence. Ultimately, the article illustrates the mutually reinforcing nature of civic and legal education, affirms law schools’ broader role within society and offers both theoretical and practical insights into the place of democratic innovation within the law school.
The Interstitial Emergence of Labor NGO Activism in China and Its Contradicting Institutionalization, 1996–2020
Authors: Zhou Mujun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article seeks to extend the theoretical discussion of interstitial emergence to an authoritarian context. An interstitial space is a space whose relations with the dominant power structure are not yet institutionalized. In analyzing interstitial emergence in an authoritarian context, it is necessary to examine the interaction between interstitial space and the state as an institutionalizing force and recognize that 1) institutionalization is an ongoing process that spans over a period and 2) a state’s intervention may induce unintended consequences. The rise and fall of labor NGO activism in China between 1996 and 2020 are used as a case to illustrate the theoretical discussion. Labor NGOs emerged out of the interstices of state control since the 1990s. Although the state started to regulate these organizations since the late 2000s, its intervention lacked consistency. Before the state finally gained the capacity to enforce rules, which was around 2015, labor NGOs had already launched a series of advocacy activism and cultivated a group of activists who identified with the value of social movement. Hence, although the activism was eventually incorporated, it had successfully thematized labor issues and produced enduring impact on the culture of public discussion.
Little Change in Apparent Hydrological Sensitivity at Large CO2 Forcing
Authors: Raiter Dana , Polvani Lorenzo M. , Mitevski Ivan , Pendergrass Angeline G. , Orbe Clara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractApparent hydrological sensitivity (ηa), the change in the global mean precipitation per degree K of global surface warming, is a key aspect of the climate system's response to increasing CO2 forcing. To determine whether ηa depends on the forcing amplitude we analyze idealized experiments over a broad range of abrupt CO2 forcing, from 2× to 8× preindustrial values, with two distinct climate models. We find little change in ηa between 2× and 4×CO2, and almost no change beyond 5×CO2. We validate this finding under transient CO2 forcing at 1%‐per‐year, up to 8×CO2. We further corroborate this result by analyzing the 1%‐per‐year output of more than 15 CMIP5/6 models. Lastly, we examine the 1,000‐year long LongrunMIP model output, and again find little change in ηa. This wealth of results demonstrates that ηa is a very weak function of CO2 forcing.
Deep Learning of Systematic Sea Ice Model Errors From Data Assimilation Increments
Authors: Gregory William , Bushuk Mitchell , Adcroft Alistair , Zhang Yongfei , Zanna Laure 
Published: September 2023

AbstractData assimilation is often viewed as a framework for correcting short‐term error growth in dynamical climate model forecasts. When viewed on the time scales of climate however, these short‐term corrections, or analysis increments, can closely mirror the systematic bias patterns of the dynamical model. In this study, we use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to learn a mapping from model state variables to analysis increments, in order to showcase the feasibility of a data‐driven model parameterization which can predict state‐dependent model errors. We undertake this problem using an ice‐ocean data assimilation system within the Seamless system for Prediction and EArth system Research (SPEAR) model, developed at the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, which assimilates satellite observations of sea ice concentration every 5 days between 1982 and 2017. The CNN then takes inputs of data assimilation forecast states and tendencies, and makes predictions of the corresponding sea ice concentration increments. Specifically, the inputs are states and tendencies of sea ice concentration, sea‐surface temperature, ice velocities, ice thickness, net shortwave radiation, ice‐surface skin temperature, sea‐surface salinity, as well as a land‐sea mask. We find the CNN is able to make skillful predictions of the increments in both the Arctic and Antarctic and across all seasons, with skill that consistently exceeds that of a climatological increment prediction. This suggests that the CNN could be used to reduce sea ice biases in free‐running SPEAR simulations, either as a sea ice parameterization or an online bias correction tool for numerical sea ice forecasts.