bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Resonance–Guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy in a Prospective Cohort of 52 Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Possible Critical Role of Age and Lesion Volume for Predicting Tremor Relapse
Authors: Braccia Arianna , Golfrè Andreasi Nico , Ghielmetti Francesco , Aquino Domenico , Savoldi Anna Paola , Cilia Roberto , Telese Roberta , Colucci Fabiana , Gaudiano Gianfranco , Romito Luigi Michele , Elia Antonio Emanuele , Leta Valentina , Levi Vincenzo , Castelli Nicolò , Devigili Grazia , Rinaldo Sara , Stanziano Mario , Caldiera Valentina , Grisoli Marina , Ciceri Elisa Francesca Maria , Eleopra Roberto 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic resonance–guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) thalamotomy of ventral intermediate (Vim) nucleus is useful to treat drug‐resistant tremor‐dominant Parkinson's disease (TdPD), but tremor relapse may occur. Predictors of relapse have been poorly investigated so far.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the role of clinico‐demographic, procedural, and neuroradiological variables in determining clinical response, relapse, and adverse events (AEs) in TdPD after MRgFUS Vim‐thalamotomy.MethodsFifty‐two TdPD patients who consecutively underwent unilateral MRgFUS Vim‐thalamotomy were prospectively evaluated at baseline and after 24 hours, 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months using MDS‐UPDRS‐III in off and on medication conditions. AEs were collected at each evaluation. Lesion volume was calculated at 24‐hour magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Patients with tremor improvement <30% in off medication were considered nonresponders (when detected after 24 hours) or relapsers (if detected from 1‐month visit onward).ResultsAll patients showed tremor improvement >30% at 24 hours. Tremor relapse occurred in 12 patients (23%), exclusively during the first month after thalamotomy. Relapse was associated with younger age (P = 0.030) and smaller lesion volume (P = 0.030). At 1 month, 22 patients (42%) had AEs; at 6 and 12 months, AEs persisted in 19% and 6% of cases. AEs at 6 months were associated with larger lesions (P = 0.018). All AEs were mild.ConclusionsMRgFUS Vim‐thalamotomy is effective in treating tremor in TdPD. Relapse is associated with younger age and smaller lesion volume, but larger lesions make AEs more likely to persist. We suggest that a lesion volume between 145 and 220 mm3 on T1‐weighted MRI may be the therapeutic window that ensures tremor control without long‐lasting AEs. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Static Posture Instability as a Sensitive Biomarker for Motor Abnormalities in Pre‐ataxic Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 3 Patients
Authors: Cui Mao‐Lin , Liu Xia‐Hua , Li Ying , Lin Wei , Xu Hao‐Ling , Zhang Nan‐Nan , Lin Min‐Ting , Wang Ning , Ni Jun , Gan Shi‐Rui ,   the OSCCAR Investigators
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundSpinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3) is a neurodegenerative disorder, with balance instability as a feature of the disease. Balance instability often manifests before the onset of obvious ataxic symptoms in patients. However, current clinical scales exhibit limited sensitivity in characterizing changes in pre‐ataxic patients.ObjectivesOur research aims to identify appropriate postural characteristics for tracking motor changes in pre‐ataxic patients with SCA3 over time.MethodsThe posturographic platform assessed 102 participants (34 pre‐ataxic SCA3 patients, 34 ataxic patients with SCA3, and 34 healthy controls) to measure their postural balance. Multivariate comparative analyses assessed the differential postural characteristics across the three groups. The Taiwanese formula was employed to estimate the age of onset for pre‐ataxic patients. A Spearman's rho test was employed to assess correlations between postural characteristics and the time manifestation for pre‐ataxic patients.ResultsCompared to the healthy control group, we observed significant abnormalities in the static posture of pre‐ataxic patients (P < 0.01). Compared to the pre‐ataxic group, ataxic patients have significant abnormalities in all variables (P < 0.05). The sway range standard deviation (SD), total sway area, and limits of stability were positively correlated with the estimated time to onset. The total sway area is more closely associated with time to manifestation, whereas the sway range SD in the medial–lateral direction of the center of foot pressure is the most sensitive indicator of postural instability in pre‐ataxic patients.ConclusionStatic posture instability is a sensitive diagnostic parameter that may assist in capturing disease progression in the pre‐ataxic stage of SCA3. © 2025 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Quantifying spatial and dynamic lung abnormalities with 3D PREFUL FLORET UTE imaging: A feasibility study
Authors: Klimeš Filip , Plummer Joseph W. , Willmering Matthew M. , Matheson Alexander M. , Bdaiwi Abdullah S. , Gutberlet Marcel , Voskrebenzev Andreas , Wernz Marius M. , Wacker Frank , Woods Jason , Cleveland Zackary I. , Walkup Laura L. , Vogel‐Claussen Jens 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposePulmonary MRI faces challenges due to low proton density, rapid transverse magnetization decay, and cardiac and respiratory motion. The fermat‐looped orthogonally encoded trajectories (FLORET) sequence addresses these issues with high sampling efficiency, strong signal, and motion robustness, but has not yet been applied to phase‐resolved functional lung (PREFUL) MRI—a contrast‐free method for assessing pulmonary ventilation during free breathing. This study aims to develop a reconstruction pipeline for FLORET UTE, enhancing spatial resolution for three‐dimensional (3D) PREFUL ventilation analysis.MethodsThe FLORET sequence was used to continuously acquire data over 7 ± 2 min in 36 participants, including healthy subjects (N = 7) and patients with various pulmonary conditions (N = 29). Data were reconstructed into respiratory images using motion‐compensated low‐rank reconstruction, and a 3D PREFUL algorithm was adapted to quantify static and dynamic ventilation surrogates. Image sharpness and signal‐to‐noise ratio were evaluated across different motion states. PREFUL ventilation metrics were compared with static 129Xe ventilation MRI.ResultsOptimal image sharpness and accurate ventilation dynamics were achieved using 24 respiratory bins, leading to their use in the study. A strong correlation was found between 3D PREFUL FLORET UTE ventilation defect percentages (VDPs) and 129Xe VDPs (r ≥ 0.61, p < 0.0001), although PREFUL FLORET static VDPs were significantly higher (mean bias = −10.1%, p < 0.0001). In diseased patients, dynamic ventilation parameters showed greater heterogeneity and better alignment with 129Xe VDPs.ConclusionThe proposed reconstruction pipeline for FLORET UTE MRI offers improved spatial resolution and strong correlation with 129Xe MRI, enabling dynamic ventilation quantification that may reveal airflow abnormalities in lung disease.
TagGen: Diffusion‐based generative model for cardiac MR tagging super resolution
Authors: Sun Changyu , Thornburgh Cody , Wang Yu , Kumar Senthil , Altes Talissa A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeThe aim of the work is to develop a cascaded diffusion‐based super‐resolution model for low‐resolution (LR) MR tagging acquisitions, which is integrated with parallel imaging to achieve highly accelerated MR tagging while enhancing the tag grid quality of low‐resolution images.MethodsWe introduced TagGen, a diffusion‐based conditional generative model that uses low‐resolution MR tagging images as guidance to generate corresponding high‐resolution tagging images. The model was developed on 50 patients with long‐axis‐view, high‐resolution tagging acquisitions. During training, we retrospectively synthesized LR tagging images using an undersampling rate (R) of 3.3 with truncated outer phase‐encoding lines. During inference, we evaluated the performance of TagGen and compared it with REGAIN, a generative adversarial network–based super‐resolution model that was previously applied to MR tagging. In addition, we prospectively acquired data from 6 subjects with three heartbeats per slice using 10‐fold acceleration achieved by combining low‐resolution R = 3.3 with GRAPPA‐3 (generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions 3).ResultsFor synthetic data (R = 3.3), TagGen outperformed REGAIN in terms of normalized root mean square error, peak signal‐to‐noise ratio, and structural similarity index (p < 0.05 for all). For prospectively 10‐fold accelerated data, TagGen provided better tag grid quality, signal‐to‐noise ratio, and overall image quality than REGAIN, as scored by two (blinded) radiologists (p < 0.05 for all).ConclusionsWe developed a diffusion‐based generative super‐resolution model for MR tagging images and demonstrated its potential to integrate with parallel imaging to reconstruct highly accelerated cine MR tagging images acquired in three heartbeats with enhanced tag grid quality.
Spurring Exciting Technologies and Innovative Applications in 2025
Authors: Atwood Stephen P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHappy New Year and welcome to our first issue of 2025. We have a really exciting editorial calendar and expect to share great work throughout the year. Some of the important topics we will be exploring include the many facets of flexible displays, progress in emissive technologies and materials, the latest in display manufacturing, some examples of novel display applications, and a survey of the important aspects of sustainability in our industry.
Optimized Workflow for Fast and Precise ISO 15008 Contrast Evaluation Under Ambient Light
Authors: Voelz Alexander , Rotscholl Ingo , Krüger Udo , Pross Achim , Gaugele Jürgen , Kreuzer Markus 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe imaging luminance measurement device type II‐based method is a promising way to verify the conformity of the legibility of automotive displays.
Double‐Tucker Decomposition and Its Computations
Authors: Wang Mengyu , Cui Honghua , Li Hanyu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe famous Tucker decomposition has been widely and successfully used in many fields. However, it often suffers from the curse of dimensionality due to the core tensor and large ranks. To tackle this issue, we introduce an additional core tensor into Tucker decomposition and propose the so‐called double‐Tucker (dTucker) decomposition. The additional core can share the ranks of the original Tucker decomposition and hence make the parameters of the new decomposition be reduced greatly. We employ the alternating least squares (ALS) method with explicit structures on coefficient matrices of the ALS subproblems to compute the dTucker decomposition. To figure out the structures, a new tensor product is defined. Its properties and the aforementioned structures together motivate an ALS‐based randomized algorithm built on Kronecker sub‐sampled randomized Fourier transform for our new decomposition. A special case of the algorithm leads to a more efficient leverage‐based random sampling algorithm. These randomized algorithms can avoid forming the full coefficient matrices of ALS subproblems by implementing projecting and sampling on factor tensors. Numerical experiments including tensor reconstruction and multi‐view subspace clustering are presented to test our decomposition and algorithms, which show that dTucker decomposition can effectively decrease the ranks of the classical one and hence the total parameters, and the randomized algorithms reduce running time greatly while maintaining similar accuracy. Moreover, the numerical results also show that our decomposition can even outperform the popular tensor train decomposition and the newly developed tensor wheel decomposition on compressing parameters.
Enhancing Bone Tissue Regeneration: Investigating the Role of Bredigite in Improving Osteoconductive Properties of Gelatin/Polylactic Acid Scaffolds
Authors: Rezaie Shahraki Roksana , Ghomi Hamed 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis investigation aims to fabricate scaffolds consisting of gelatin/polylactic acid/bredigite composites for bone tissue regeneration. In this regard, porous scaffolds were created using the freeze–drying technique. To determine the structure and assess the successful synthesis of the samples, x‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analyses were conducted. The morphological properties of the polymeric scaffolds and the bredigite (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 wt%) incorporated scaffolds were examined using field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM). The evaluation of mechanical properties revealed that the addition of 5 wt% bredigite to the 1Gel3PLA scaffold increased the compressive strength from 0.30–0.35 to > 0.57 MPa. Regarding porosity, decreasing the Gel:PLA ratio from 1:3 to 1:2 while maintaining constant gelatin content increased porosity from 58.3% to 71.4%, and the addition of bredigite consistently decreased porosity across all scaffolds. The in vitro bioactivity assessment, carried out in simulated body fluid (SBF), demonstrated the formation of an apatite layer on the surface of the composite scaffold after immersion in the SBF. The results of the MTT test showed that as the amount of bredigite particles increased to 5 wt%, cell viability also increased across all periods (higher than 90% cell viability). The interaction between cells and scaffolds was examined by culturing human osteoblastic line (MG‐63) cells on the scaffolds, revealing a higher proliferation of cells and deposition of minerals on bredigite‐containing scaffolds than those without bredigite. These results collectively suggest that the Gel‐PLA‐5 wt% bredigite scaffold holds promise as an osteoconductive material for applications in regenerating bone tissue.
Loading ZIF‐67 onto carbon nanotubes in percolative nanocomposites towards improved dielectric performance
Authors: Zhang Zi‐Long , Wang Jing‐Wen , Tao Liang , Ma Ying‐Jie , Zhang Yang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA great deal of attention is being paid to the application of polymer dielectric elastomers because of the advantages of low cost, facile fabrication, and high operating voltage. However, their development is often limited by mutually exclusive multifunctional properties such as high dielectric constant, high breakdown strength, and low dielectric loss. Therefore, for dielectric elastomer actuators, developing materials with enhanced dielectric properties and breakdown strength is an urgent need. In this work, we present CNT‐ZIF, a nanofiller obtained through the in‐situ growth of zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF)‐67 on the surface of carbon nanotubes (CNT), which was added to a synthesized polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix to obtain a composite with high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss. The CNT‐ZIF/PDMS composite containing 1.93 vol% of CNT‐ZIF exhibits an enhanced dielectric constant of 35.4 at 100 Hz, which is 11 times higher than that of the pure matrix and 1.58 times higher than that of the CNT/PDMS composite, meanwhile the loss is only 0.06. This value is deemed suitable for application in elastomer actuators. Therefore, this work can be regarded as one of the strategies for designing percolative dielectric composites.Highlights
ZIF‐CNT nanofiller with excellent dispersion in the PDMS matrix has been prepared.
The ZIF‐CNT/PDMS composites show enhanced dielectric properties at 100 Hz.
The mechanism of improving dielectric properties is systematically investigated using the classical Cole‐Cole model and the percolation theory.
Performance analysis of functional properties of silk fabric enhanced via in situ grafting modification
Authors: Ahmed Shaharia , Repon Md. Reazuddin , Pranta Arnob Dhar , Haji Aminoddin , Al‐Humaidi Jehan Y. , Rahman Mohammed M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSilk, a natural polymer protein fiber, possesses exceptional properties such as smoothness, softness, breathability, and drapability. However, silk is susceptible to photochemical reactions in light, leading to yellowing, brittleness, and deterioration on the fabric's surface, which significantly affects its service life and performance. In this experiment, we utilized ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide as the initiation system, along with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) as a graft monomer, to conduct graft copolymerization modification on silk fabrics. To enhance the light resistance of silk fabrics in the textile industry, the grafting parameters were optimized and the rate adjusted to impart the anti‐UV and anti‐aging properties. Moreover, the whiteness value drastically increased from 26.71% to 88.23%, the breaking strength surged from 174.6 to 211.5 N, and the contact angle surpassed 90° at an 8.8% grafting rate, resulting in heightened hydrophobicity. Finally, the modified silk fabrics exhibited remarkable light resistance, rendering them better suited for advanced textile applications. This research work provided a window of opportunity to prevent yellowing and improve resistance to light, making modified silk fabrics more suitable for various textile applications in the future.Highlights
Grafted silk fabric's whiteness increased from 26.71% to 88.23%.
Silk had a contact angle over 90° and increased hydrophobicity at 8.8% grafting.
Modification improves silk's optical and mechanical properties.
Aging reduces silk's thermal properties and fiber strength.
Modeling of Disease Progression of Type 2 Diabetes Using Real‐World Data: Quantifying Competing Risks of Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Kunina Hanna , Franzén Stefan , Kjellsson Maria C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a progressive metabolic disorder that could be an underlying cause of long‐term complications that increase mortality. The assessment of the probability of such events could be essential for mortality risk management. This work aimed to establish a framework for risk predictions of macrovascular complications (MVC) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with T2D, using real‐world data from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry (NDR), in the presence of mortality as a competing risk. The study consisted of 41,517 patients with T2D registered in NDR between 2005 and 2013. At inclusion, patients were newly diagnosed (T2D < 1 year) and had no prior evidence of DKD or MVC. Using three‐quarters of the data, a five‐state multistate model was established to describe competing events of MVC, DKD, a combination thereof, and the terminal state, death. Two hypotheses were investigated: (1) the risk of MVC and DKD are mutually independent, and (2) mortality is independent of morbidities. At the end of the study, the majority of individuals remained in uncomplicated T2D; however, the probability of transition to complications and death increased over time. The mortality hazard depended on the presence of morbidities and was quantified as a life expectancy decreased by 5.0, 9.7, and 12.2 years for MVC, DKD, and the combined morbidity, respectively, compared to uncomplicated T2D. An established framework with a five‐state model incorporating competing events was shown to be a useful tool for comorbidities risk assessment in newly diagnosed patients with T2D.
Fractional‐Order Sliding Mode Control for Free‐Floating Space Manipulator With Disturbance and Input Saturation
Authors: Dou Bo , Yue Xiaokui 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper proposes a fractional‐order sliding mode control scheme for the tracking control of free‐floating space manipulators (FFSM), addressing system uncertainties, external disturbances, and input saturation. First, a new fractional‐order non‐singular terminal sliding mode is designed, incorporating a fractional‐order integral term into the traditional non‐singular terminal sliding mode surface to ensure finite‐time convergence of the tracking error across all phases. To mitigate chattering, a finite‐time disturbance observer is utilized to estimate and compensate for the system uncertainties and unknown disturbances. Subsequently, a new fixed‐time anti‐saturation compensator is presented to suppress the influences of input saturation. With an innovative fixed‐time sliding surface and adaptive gain, the compensator ensures the auxiliary variables vanish in fixed time when the saturation disappears, thereby enhancing the convergence characteristics of the tracking error effectively. Finally, a fractional‐order non‐singular terminal sliding mode controller is established by integrating the proposed fractional‐order non‐singular terminal sliding mode, finite‐time disturbance observer, and fixed‐time anti‐saturation compensator. The presented controller significantly improves the transient response and tracking precision of the FFSM. The theoretical stability of the closed‐loop system is proved, and simulation results confirm the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed methods compared to existing approaches.
Output‐Based Dual Dynamic Periodic Event‐Triggered Control for Nonlinear Interconnected Cyber‐Physical Systems Under Deception Attacks
Authors: Yang Meng , Zhai Junyong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis article considers the problem of output‐based dual dynamic periodic decentralized event‐triggered control (DPDETC) for nonlinear interconnected cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) subject to deception attacks. Taking into account the conflict between the limited network resources and the growing bandwidth demand, a dual dynamic periodic event‐triggered scheme (DPETS) is designed to reasonably decrease unnecessary data transmission, which includes sensor‐to‐controller (S‐C) and controller‐to‐actuator (C‐A) communication channels. For resisting the impact of attacks, a deception attacks model following Bernoulli distribution is introduced for nonlinear interconnected CPSs. Then, a new decentralized sampled‐data observer is proposed based on output‐dependent periodic event‐triggered conditions, such that the system output under deception attacks can be estimated. By means of decentralized observer and observer‐dependent DPETS, a new decentralized output feedback controller is established. The designed DPDETC strategy can guarantee that the nonlinear interconnected CPSs are mean square stability. Finally, simulation results are performed to validate the superiority of the designed DPDETC scheme.
Mechanical performance optimization in FFF 3D printing using Taguchi design and machine learning approach with PLA/walnut Shell composites filaments
Authors: Kartal Fuat 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study explores the optimization of mechanical properties in 3D‐printed components made from a Polylactic Acid (PLA) and Walnut Shell Composite using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). Employing a machine learning‐based approach, the research identifies the optimal regression model for predicting relationships between printing parameters and material properties. A Taguchi L18 design is used to minimize experiment count while accurately determining parameter levels. Testing was conducted on a composite containing 30% walnut shell fibers, with the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) and Elastic Modulus (E) measured as per ASTM D638 standards. Experimental factors included Layer Thickness (LT), Nozzle Temperature (NT), Deposition Angle (DA), and Printing Speed (PS). Using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and machine learning techniques, the effects of these parameters on UTS and E were evaluated. Results highlight the deposition angle as the dominant parameter, with machine learning models, especially Random Forest Regression, providing highly accurate predictions. This approach presents a novel, data‐driven method for optimizing 3D printing processes with sustainable, composite materials.Highlights
Higher UTS and E achieved with optimized PLA/walnut shell composite.
Deposition angle is the key element of mechanical performance in FFF printing.
Layer thickness is important to improve Elastic Modulus.
Statistical and machine learning techniques combined for sustainable printing.
Improved machine learning process understanding for 3D printed components.