bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial least squares enhance multi-trait genomic prediction of potato cultivars in new environments
Authors: Ortiz Rodomiro , Reslow Fredrik , Montesinos-López Abelardo , Huicho José , Pérez-Rodríguez Paulino , Montesinos-López Osval A. , Crossa José 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is of paramount importance in plant breeding to have methods dealing with large numbers of predictor variables and few sample observations, as well as efficient methods for dealing with high correlation in predictors and measured traits. This paper explores in terms of prediction performance the partial least squares (PLS) method under single-trait (ST) and multi-trait (MT) prediction of potato traits. The first prediction was for tested lines in tested environments under a five-fold cross-validation (5FCV) strategy and the second prediction was for tested lines in untested environments (herein denoted as leave one environment out cross validation, LOEO). There was a good performance in terms of predictions (with accuracy mostly > 0.5 for Pearson’s correlation) the accuracy of 5FCV was better than LOEO. Hence, we have empirical evidence that the ST and MT PLS framework is a very valuable tool for prediction in the context of potato breeding data.
Analysis of the surgical approach in prostate cancer staging: results from the surveillance, epidemiology and end results program
Authors: da Luz Felipe Andrés Cordero , Nascimento Camila Piqui , da Costa Marinho Eduarda , Felicidade Pollyana Júnia , Antonioli Rafael Mathias , de Araújo Rogério Agenor , Silva Marcelo José Barbosa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSurgery is not used as a criterion for staging prostate cancer, although there is evidence that the number of analyzed and affected lymph nodes have prognosis value. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are significant differences in staging criteria in patients who underwent prostatectomy compared to those who did not, and whether the number of affected and analyzed lymph nodes (LN) plays a prognostic role. In this retrospective study, a test cohort consisting of 404,210 newly diagnosed men with prostate cancer, between 2004 and 2010, was obtained from the 17 registries (Nov 2021 submission); a validation consisting of 147,719 newly diagnosed men with prostate cancer between 2004 and 2019 was obtained from the 8 registries (Nov 2021 submission). Prostate cancer-specific survival was analyzed by Kaplan–Meier curves, survival tables and Cox regression; overall survival was analyzed only to compare Harrell's C-index between different staging criteria. In initial analyses, it was observed that the prognostic value of lymph node metastasis changes according to the type of staging (clinical or pathological), which is linked to the surgical approach (prostatectomy). Compared with T4/N0/M0 patients, which are also classified as stage IVA, N1/M0 patients had a shorter [adjusted HR: 1.767 (1429–2184), p < 0.0005] and a longer [adjusted HR: 0.832 (0.740–0.935), p = 0.002] specific survival when submitted to prostatectomy or not, respectively. Analyzing separately the patients who were submitted to prostatectomy and those who were not, it was possible to obtain new LN metastasis classifications (N1: 1 + LN; N2: 2 + LNs; N3: > 2 + LNs). This new (pathological) classification of N allowed the reclassification of patients based on T and Gleason grade groups, mainly those with T3 and T4 disease. In the validation group, this new staging criterion was proven to be superior [specific survival C-index: 0.908 (0.906–0.911); overall survival C-index: 0.788 (0.786–0.791)] compared to that currently used by the AJCC [8th edition; specific survival C-index: 0.892 (0.889–0.895); overall survival C-index: 0.744 (0.741–0.747)]. In addition, an adequate number of dissected lymph nodes results in a 39% reduction in death risk [adjusted HR: 0.610 (0.498–0.747), p < 0.0005]. As main conclusion, the surgery has a major impact on prostate cancer staging, mainly modifying the effect of N on survival, and enabling the stratification of pathological N according to the number of affected LN. Such a factor, when considered as staging criteria, improves the prognosis classification.
Biosynthesis and characterization of cobalt nanoparticles using combination of different plants and their antimicrobial activity
Authors: Ali Huma , Yadav Yashwant Kumar , Ali Daoud , Kumar Gokhlesh , Alarifi Saud 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
It has become crucial to biosynthesize efficient, secure, and affordable nanoparticles that we use for the treatment of various infections, including surgical site infection and wound infection, due to the rapid development of microbial resistance to numerous antibiotic drugs. The objective of the present study is to biosynthesize cobalt nanoparticles using an extract from the combined peels of garlic (Allium sativum) and onion (Allium cepa). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction were used to confirm the synthesis of cobalt nanoparticle (XRD). Well diffusion was used to measure antimicrobial activity. Escherichia coli, Proteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus cohnii, and Klebsiella pneumonia were the bacterial strains employed Both the crude prepared extract and the biosynthesized cobalt nanoparticles demonstrated efficacy against all strains of bacteria, but the crude prepared extract displayed a low zone of inhibition ranging from 10 to 13 mm, while the biosynthesized cobalt nanoparticles displayed a high zone of inhibition ranging from 20 to 24 mm.
A direct synthesis method of multi‐port filtering power divider with arbitrary phase shift, power division and reference impedances
Authors: Zhang Gang , Shu Minghan , Tam Kam Weng , Chen Wang , Tang Wanchun , Yang Jiquan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, a direct synthesis approach is proposed to extract the coupling matrix of multi‐port filtering power divider (FPD) with arbitrary phase shift, power division as well as reference impedances, for the first time. This method provides an attractive technique to synthesise a multi‐functional device that combines the characteristics of bandpass filter, multi‐port power divider and ideal phase shifters as well as the impedance matching network, which can effectively diminish the overall size and improve the performance of the microwave front‐end network. A newly defined coupling matrix corresponding to arbitrary multi‐port topologies that introduces ideal phase shift by virtue of constant frequency‐independent reactance at the source and load is developed in FPD synthesis process. The coupling matrix is obtained directly by optimising the presented cost‐function in this paper, avoiding complex similar transformation process of coupling matrix. Finally, several numerical examples of multi‐port FPD with equal/unequal power division ratio, arbitrary phase shift and reference impedances are synthesised to well verify the proposed synthesis method, and a practical example is given to verify the validity of arbitrary phase shift and arbitrary reference impedance.
Low complexity but near optimal hybrid beamforming design in tera‐hertz communication systems: principles and opportunities
Authors: Yue Qingdong , Hu Jie , Yang Kun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNext generation communication systems go to tetra‐hertz (THz) frequency bands. In this article, low‐complexity but near‐optimal hybrid beamforming design is investigated in THz by considering its unique channel characteristics and discuss potential research opportunities. Specifically, the THz channel characteristics are explored from its propagation feature, angular orthogonality and bandwidth. The authors clarify the differences between the THz multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) and its low‐frequency counterparts (e.g. mmWave MIMO). Low complexity but near‐optimal hybrid beamforming design in THz are summarised in the following typical scenarios, namely the single‐user and multi‐user downlink system, integrated data and energy transfer system and the intelligent reflecting surface aided system. Simulation results demonstrate the near‐optimality of our hybrid beamforming design. Some critical open issues in the THz communication system are discussed for future research interest.
Dual source novel nine level inverter (DSN2LI) design with minimum active devices and inherent polarity generation
Authors: Vijayakumar Arun , Stonier Albert Alexander , Peter Geno , Ganji Vivekananda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article presents a dual‐source novel nine‐level inverter (DSN2LI) featuring minimal devices. Utilizing eight switches, which include 2 bidirectional switching devices and 2 uneven dc links, the proposed DSN2LI generates nine levels. The DSN2LI employs the utilization of trinary geometric DC links. Compared to certain other sequences, it produces the highest voltage level with the fewest DC links and devices. Further, without additional circuits like an H‐bridge, this design produces a negative level, so switches endure less voltage stress. For each operating mode, only 3 switches conduct, resulting in fewer switching shifts, lower switching and conduction losses, and higher efficiency compared to a traditional H‐Bridge setup. Comparisons are made with certain other recently published designs for power devices, controllers, and dc‐link voltage sources. The proposed DSN92LI design employs fewer switches, controller circuits, and DC links than previously reported designs. Switching pulses for DSN92LI are generated with level‐shifted pulse width modulation techniques. The DSN92LI architecture was comprehensively modeled utilizing MATLAB/SIMULINK, and also its feasibility was demonstrated experimentally.
Seltene Demenzerkrankungen: Frontotemporale Demenz
Authors: Diehl-Schmid Janine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFrontotemporal dementias (FTD) are among the rare dementias. Their symptomatology is
- compared to the common Alzheimer’s disease - atypical, so that in many
cases it takes a long time until a correct diagnosis is made. The following article
gives an overview of the clinical symptoms, genetic and neuropathological basis,
diagnostics and differential diagnostics and therapy.
The Perioperative Application of Tranexamic Acid
Authors: Perka Carsten , von Heymann Christian , Lier Heiko , Kaufner Lutz , Treskatsch Sascha 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Einsatz von Tranexamsäure (TXA) hat in den letzten Jahren bei der Durchführung endoprothetischer Operationen stark zugenommen. Die Möglichkeit, den Blutverlust zu reduzieren, die Zahl
der Transfusionen zu vermindern und meist auf Drainagen zu verzichten, lassen den Einsatz von TXA immer mehr als „Standard“ erscheinen. Andererseits besteht keine Zulassung von TXA für den
Einsatz bei endoprothetischen Eingriffen. Aus diesem Grund sollte unbedingt immer einen Nutzen-Risiko-Analyse erfolgen. Eine prophylaktische TXA-Gabe ohne Aufklärung ist daher
gerechtfertigt, wenn eine fibrinolysebedingte Blutung zu erwarten ist und keine Kontraindikationen oder Risikofaktoren für thromboembolische Komplikationen vorliegen. Eine Aufklärung ist
auch nicht erforderlich, wenn im Rahmen einer fibrinolysebedingten Blutung eine therapeutische TXA-Gabe erfolgt. Der nach gegenwärtigem Kenntnisstand optimale Zeitpunkt, die möglichen
Applikationswege und die Dosierungsempfehlungen werden in der vorliegenden Handlungsempfehlung dargestellt.
Click-Chemistry-Assisted Alteration of Glycosaminoglycans for Biological Applications
Authors: Bera Smritilekha , Mondal Dhananjoy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis short review describes the assistance of click chemistry in the chemical modification of glycosaminoglycans. Through an alkyne-azide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction, the chemically and physiologically stable triazole unit connects glycosaminoglycans with other labelled or attached functionalities. The synthesized glycosaminoglycan (GAG) conjugates act as drug carriers, forming hydrogels or nanohydrogels for localized drug delivery or injectable GAGs and so on. These are used in research on antithrombotic agents, protein binding, and hepatocyte growth factors, as well as in mechanistic studies of glycosaminoglycans biosynthesis and wound healing.1	Introduction2	Synthetic Modification of GAGS3	Click Chemistry4	Modification of GAGS Applying Click Chemistry5	Conclusions6	Abbreviations
Anesthesia Considerations for Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Warrick Christine M. , Sutton Caitlin D. , Farber Michaela M. , Hess Philip E. , Butwick Alexander , Markley John C. 
Published: June 2023

Anesthesiologists are critical members of the multidisciplinary team managing patients with suspected placenta accreta spectrum (PAS). Preoperatively, anesthesiologists provide predelivery consultation for patients with suspected PAS where anesthetic modality and invasive monitor placement is discussed. Additionally, anesthesiologists carefully assess patient and surgical risk factors to choose an anesthetic plan and to prepare for massive intraoperative hemorrhage. Postoperatively, the obstetric anesthesiologist hold unique skills to assist with postoperative pain management for cesarean hysterectomy. We review the unique aspects of peripartum care for patients with PAS who undergo cesarean hysterectomy and explain why these responsibilities are critical for achieving successful outcomes for patients with PAS.
Key Points
Mucormycosis of the Middle Ear—A Report of a Rare Case
Authors: Madhu Megha , Kamath P Shrinath D. , Bhat Vadisha , Srinivas Teerthanath 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection that often affects the nose and paranasal sinuses. The disease prevalence was very high in India during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, thereby raising public awareness about this disease. The general practitioners were updated about the disease characteristics and the requirement for emergency management. Yet, in some instances, the treatment was inadequate due to delayed presentation and low affordability for treatment. The mucormycosis of the ear, on the other hand, is a rare occurrence that demands meticulous study for early diagnosis and management. Here, we discuss the case of a patient with mucormycosis of the middle ear.
Effect of Prolonging the Duration of Stenting on Urethral Stricture in Proximal Hypospadias with Severe Curvature Repair: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Guanglun , Jiang Man , Liu Xiaodong , Yin Jianchun , yang Zhilin , Li Shouln , Chen Jinjun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate whether prolonged stenting reduces the risk of urethral stricture after proximal hypospadias (PH) with severe curvature (SC) repair.
Materials and Methods We prospectively studied a cohort of patients with PH with SC repair who underwent urethral plate transection and urethroplasty between January 2010 and December 2020. According to the duration of stenting, the patients were divided into 2-, 4-, and 6-week groups. Postoperative complications and time of urethral stricture occurrence were analyzed.
Results In total, 665 patients were included in the analysis. The overall incidence of complications was 26.6% (n = 177), including 42 cases of urethral strictures: 27 (64.3%) cases of urethral stricture occurred between 4 and 6 weeks after urethroplasty, 7 cases occurred between 7 weeks and 6 months after urethroplasty, 7 cases occurred more than 6 months after urethroplasty, and 1 case occurred at 3 weeks after urethroplasty. The incidence of urethral stricture in the 6-week group (1.8%) was significantly lower than that in the 4- (5.8%) and 2-week groups (10.9%) (p < 0.05).
Conclusion Prolonged stenting reduces the risk of urethral stricture in PH with SC repair. Four to six weeks after PH with SC repair may be the key period for the formation of early urethral strictures.
Clinical Experience with Noninvasive Prenatal Testing in Twin Pregnancy Samples at a Single Center in Germany
Authors: Eiben Bernd , Glaubitz Ralf , Winkler Thomas , Teubert Anna , Borth Heike 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study we wanted to determine the performance of a paired-end sequencing-based noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) assay in the detection of common fetal trisomies in twin pregnancy samples. Samples from patients with a twin pregnancy were collected from at least 10 weeks of gestation and analyzed at a single prenatal center in Germany. Results of Anomaly Detected (i.e., high risk) or No Anomaly Detected (i.e., low risk) for trisomy 21, trisomy 18, or trisomy 13 were reported. Follow-up confirmatory outcomes were requested for all cases. A total of 1,658 patients with twin pregnancies submitted samples during the study period; only two of these samples failed resulting in a low failure rate of 0.12%. Of the remaining 1,656 cases, there were 1,625 (98.1%) low-risk and 31 (1.9%) high-risk NIPT samples in our cohort. Of these, follow-up information was available for 301 (18.5%) of the low-risk samples and 19 (61.3%) of the high-risk samples. All of the low-risk cases with follow-up were determined to be true negatives giving an estimated negative predictive value of 100%. Seventeen of the 19 high-risk samples with follow-up were true positives, resulting in an overall positive predictive value of 89.5%. Sensitivities of > 99.9% were noted for both trisomy 21 and trisomy 18, with high specificities of ≥ 99.7% observed for all three trisomies. In conclusion, our study showed strong performance of the NIPT assay in the detection of common fetal trisomies in twin pregnancy samples, with high sensitivities, specificities, and positive predictive values observed based on known clinical outcomes along with a low failure rate.
Risk of Bleeding in Liver Cirrhosis Receiving Direct Oral Anticoagulants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Zhe , Xu Wentao , Wang Le , Chai Lu , Ageno Walter , Romeiro Fernando Gomes , Li Hongyu , Qi Xingshun 
Published: June 2023

Background Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are effective for the management of thromboembolic disorders. However, bleeding remains a major concern in cirrhotic patients receiving DOACs.
Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. The incidence of bleeding episodes in cirrhotic patients receiving DOACs was pooled. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to compare the incidence of bleeding episodes in cirrhotic patients who received DOACs versus those who received conventional anticoagulants and did not receive anticoagulants.
Results Twenty-nine studies were included. All bleeding, major bleeding, fatal bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, and intracranial hemorrhage episodes were observed in 310/2,469, 100/1,388, 2/611, 166/1,886, and 5/1,147 cirrhotic patients receiving DOACs, respectively. Their pooled incidences were 13, 6, 0, 8, and 0%, respectively. They became higher in subgroup analyses of studies with advanced age, a longer treatment duration, and Child–Turcotte–Pugh class C. Compared with conventional anticoagulants, DOACs were associated with lower incidences of all bleeding (OR = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.52–0.98) and major bleeding (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.37–0.83) in cirrhotic patients, but not those of fatal bleeding (OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.04–1.28), gastrointestinal bleeding (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.52–1.17), or intracranial hemorrhage (OR = 0.36, 95% CI = 0.12–1.12). The incidences of all bleeding (OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.22–4.79) and major bleeding (OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.26–3.61) did not significantly differ between cirrhotic patients with portal vein thrombosis (PVT) who received DOACs and those who did not receive anticoagulants.
Conclusion DOACs carry a low risk of bleeding in liver cirrhosis. Age, treatment duration, and Child–Turcotte–Pugh class may be associated with bleeding in cirrhotic patients receiving DOACs. The risk of bleeding is not increased by DOACs in cirrhotic patients with PVT.
Radon transform on algebraic Cormack α-curves inversion formula
Authors: Truong T T 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Radon transforms (RTs) in

R

2

, defined on simple integration manifolds such as straight lines or circles, have attracted extensive interest since they provide the reconstruction of physical density functions in various applicative inverse problems, via a closed form inversion formula. In an attempt to see whether RT on more involved integration manifolds would still admit closed form inversion formulas, A M Cormack has sought to invert RT defined on a class of non-trivial curves in the plane, called α-curves. They are generated by application of a specially conceived geometric transform on straight lines, so that the RT inversion process remains as close as possible to that of the RT on the lines. It was hoped that the inversion of RT on lines would show the way to invert the RT on α-curves. However Cormack could only establish a closed form inversion formula for RT on

1

m

′

—curves, with

m

′

=
1
,
2
,

…

. In this paper, we generalize his formula to RT on algebraic α-curves, i.e. for

α
=

m

m

′

with

(
m
,

m

′

)

, a pair of positive relatively prime integers and thereby give support to his initial conjecture.
Nucleation and manipulation of skyrmions by spin currents mediated by an antiferromagnetic layer
Authors: Ren Ruizhi , Liu Yan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Magnetic skyrmions can be used as information carriers in advanced memories, logic gates and computing devices in the future. How to generate skyrmions rapidly in zero field becomes an urgent problem. The application of spin currents will play a major role in promoting the applications of skyrmions in spintronic devices. In this paper, we propose a mechanism based on spin currents to generate skyrmions. A multilayer structure (Pt/Cr2O3/Co/Pt) is designed, where an antiferromagnetic layer (Cr2O3) is inserted into the traditional trilayer structure (Pt/Co/Pt). A spin current generated on the heavy metal layer makes the magnetizations of the antiferromagnetic layer oscillate, and then the magnetizations in the ferromagnetic layer are driven to oscillate through the interlayer exchange interaction, and magnetic skyrmions can finally be nucleated in the Co layer. Through this unique combination of spin currents and antiferromagnetic layers, we effectively reduce the current density and increase operability, and this application provides more possibilities for future information transmission.