bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation analysis and fault detection of current and speed signals for underwater thruster entanglement
Authors: Zhang Yingjun , Geng Jiaying , Wang Ning 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe fault detection with a single sensor cannot comprehensively use the multi‐sensor correlation information of underwater thruster. To solve the issue that in the case of entanglement, a kind of fault diagnosis method of underwater thruster based on the combination of current and rotational speed signal correlation analysis and support vector machine is proposed. Firstly, the collected current and speed signals of underwater thrusters under different states are normalized, the variable sampling data points is adopted to refine the time of fault occurrence; Secondly, the cross correlation and autocorrelation coefficients of normalized current and speed signals are calculated based the variable sampling data points number and the correlation matrix is formed at different sampling time based on the cross correlation and autocorrelation coefficients. Finally, the support vector machine was applied to diagnose whether or not the fault produces and the time of fault occurrence with the correlation coefficients sequence. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, the fault simulation platform and data acquisition software are designed, the fault data in the case of thruster with entanglement are collected in time to test the proposed method. The results show that compared with the fault diagnosis method using only one speed or current signal, the proposed analytical method based on the correlation coefficients can fully extract the correlation information of underwater thruster fault, and the time extraction of fault occurrence is more sufficient, effectively improving the accuracy of underwater thruster fault diagnosis.
Graphene Transistors for In Vitro Detection of Health Biomarkers
Authors: Dai Changhao , Kong Derong , Chen Chang , Liu Yunqi , Wei Dacheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiomarkers are primary indicators for precise diagnosis and treatment. The early identification of health biomarkers has been sustained by the evolutionary success in sensor technologies. Among them, graphene field‐effect transistor (GFET) biosensors have exhibited major advantages such as an ultrashort response time, high sensitivity, easy operation, capability of integration, and label‐free detection. Owing to the atomic thickness, graphene restricts charge carrier flow merely at the material surface and responds to foreign stimuli directly, leading to effective signal acquisition and transmission. Here, this review summarizes the latest advances in GFET biosensors in a comprehensive manner that contains the device design, working principle, surface functionalization, and proof‐of‐concept applications. It provides a comprehensive survey of GFET biosensors with regard to biomarker analysis at the single‐device level and integrated prototypes that include wearable sensors, biomimetic systems, healthcare electronics, and diagnostic platforms. Moreover, there is discussion on the long‐standing research efforts and outlook for the future development of GFET sensor systems from lab to fab.
Surface Li2CO3 Mediated Phosphorization Enables Compatible Interfaces of Composite Polymer Electrolyte for Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Yi Xuerui , Guo Yong , Chi Sijia , Pan Siyuan , Geng Chuannan , Li Mengyao , Li Zhenshen , Lv Wei , Wu Shichao , Yang Quan‐Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractComposite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) are subject to interface incompatibilities due to the space charge layer of ceramic and polymer phases. The intensive dehydrofluorination of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) incorporating Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) significantly compromises electro‐chemo‐mechanical properties and compatibilities with electrodes. Herein, this study addresses the challenges by precisely phosphatizing LLZO surfaces through a surface Li2CO3 mediated chemical reaction. The designed neutral chemical environment of LLZO surfaces ensures high air stability and effective suppression of PVDF‐HFP dehydrofluorination. This greatly facilitates the uniform distribution of ceramic and polymer phases, and fast interfacial Li+ exchange, establishing high‐throughput ion percolation pathways and distinctly enhancing ionic conductivity and transference number. Moreover, the dramatically reduced formation of dehydrofluorination products and an in situ formed interphase layer between phosphatized surface and a Li metal anode stabilize the Li/CPE and cathode/CPE interfaces, which provide a symmetric Li/Li cell and solid‐state Li/LiFePO4 and Li/LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cells an exceptional cycling performance at room temperature. This study emphasizes the vital importance of achieving electro‐chemo‐mechanical compatibilities for CPEs and provides a new waste to wealth route.
Natural Chlorogenic Acid Planted Nanohybrids with Steerable Hyperthermia for Osteosarcoma Suppression and Bone Regeneration
Authors: Yang Yu‐ying , Zheng Yuan , Liu Jun‐jin , Chang Zhuang‐peng , Wang Yue‐hua , Shao Yun‐yun , Hou Rui‐gang , Zhang Xiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSurgical resection is the most common approach for the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, two major complications, including residual tumor cells and large bone defects, often arise from the surgical resection of osteosarcoma. Discovering new strategies for programmatically solving the two above‐mentioned puzzles has become a worldwide challenge. Herein, a novel one‐step strategy is reported for natural phenolic acid planted nanohybrids with desired physicochemical properties and steerable photothermal effects for efficacious osteosarcoma suppression and bone healing. Nanohybrids are prepared based on the self‐assembly of chlorogenic acid and gold nanorods through robust Au‐catechol interface actions, featuring precise nanostructures, great water solubility, good stability, and adjustable hyperthermia generating capacity. As expected, on the one hand, these integrated nanohybrids can severely trigger apoptosis and suppress tumor growth with strong hyperthermia. On the other hand, with controllable mild NIR irradiation, the nanohybrids promote the expression of heat shock proteins and induce prominent osteogenic differentiation. This work initiates a brand‐new strategy for assisting osteosarcoma surgical excision to resolve the blockage of residual tumor cells elimination and bone regeneration.
Spatial Confinement Modulates Macrophage Response in Microporous Annealed Particle (MAP) Scaffolds
Authors: Liu Yining , Suarez‐Arnedo Alejandra , Riley Lindsay , Miley Tasman , Xia Jingyi , Segura Tatiana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMacrophages are essential in the initiation, maintenance, and transition of inflammatory processes such as foreign body response and wound healing. Mounting evidence suggests that physical factors also modulate macrophage activation. 2D in vitro systems demonstrate that constraining macrophages to small areas or channels modulates their phenotypes and changes their responses to known inflammatory agents such as lipopolysaccharide. However, how dimensionality and pore size affect macrophage phenotype is less explored. In this work, the change in macrophage M1/M2 polarization when confined in microporous annealed particle (MAP) scaffolds is studied. Particles sizes (40, 70, and 130 µm) are selected using outputs from software LOVAMAP that analyzes the characteristics of 3D pores in MAP gels. As the size of building block particle correlates with pore size inside the scaffolds, the three types of scaffold allow us to study how the degree of spatial confinement modulates the behavior of embedded macrophages. Spatially confining macrophages in scaffolds with pore size on the scale of cells leads to a reduced level of the inflammatory response, which is correlated with a change in cell morphology and motility.
Delocalized Electronic Engineering of Ni5P4 Nanoroses for Durable Li–O2 Batteries
Authors: Han Xue , Zhao Lanling , Wang Jun , Liang Yanjie , Zhang Jintao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe sluggish kinetics and issues associated with the parasitic reactions of cathodes are major obstacles to the large‐scale application of Li–O2 batteries (LOBs), despite their large theoretical energy density. Therefore, efficient electrocatalyst design is critical for optimizing their performance. Ni5P4 is analyzed theoretically as a cathode material, and the downshift of the d‐band center is found to enhance electron occupation in antibonding orbits, providing a valuable descriptor for understanding and enhancing the intrinsic electrocatalytic activity. In this study, it is demonstrated that incorporating additional nitrogen atoms into Ni5P4 nanoroses regulates the electronic structure, resulting in superior electrocatalytic performance in LOBs. Further spectroscopic analysis and density functional theory calculations reveal that the incorporated nitrogen sites can effectively induce localized structure polarization, lowering the energy barrier for the production of desirable intermediates and thus enhancing battery capacity and preventing cell degradation. This approach provides a sound basis for developing advanced electrode materials with optimized electronic structures for high‐performance LOBs.
Ordering‐Dependent Hydrogen Evolution and Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis of High‐Entropy Intermetallic Pt4FeCoCuNi
Authors: Wang Yong , Gong Na , Liu Hongfei , Ma Wei , Hippalgaonkar Kedar , Liu Zheng , Huang Yizhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDisordered solid‐solution high‐entropy alloys have attracted wide research attention as robust electrocatalysts. In comparison, ordered high‐entropy intermetallics have been hardly explored and the effects of the degree of chemical ordering on catalytic activity remain unknown. In this study, a series of multicomponent intermetallic Pt4FeCoCuNi nanoparticles with tunable ordering degrees is fabricated. The transformation mechanism of the multicomponent nanoparticles from disordered structure into ordered structure is revealed at the single‐particle level, and it agrees with macroscopic analysis by selected‐area electron diffraction and X‐ray diffraction. The electrocatalytic performance of Pt4FeCoCuNi nanoparticles correlates well with their crystal structure and electronic structure. It is found that increasing the degree of ordering promotes electrocatalytic performance. The highly ordered Pt4FeCoCuNi achieves the highest mass activities toward both acidic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) which are 18.9‐fold and 5.6‐fold higher than those of commercial Pt/C, respectively. The experiment also shows that this catalyst demonstrates better long‐term stability than both partially ordered and disordered Pt4FeCoCuNi as well as Pt/C when subject to both HER and ORR. This ordering‐dependent structure–property relationship provides insight into the rational design of catalysts and stimulates the exploration of many other multicomponent intermetallic alloys.
Synergistic Modification of 2D Perovskite with Alternating Cations in the Interlayer Space and Multisite Ligand toward High‐Performance Inverted Solar Cells
Authors: Zhuang Qixin , Li Haiyun , Zhang Cong , Gong Cheng , Yang Hua , Chen Jiangzhao , Zang Zhigang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe preparation of high‐quality perovskite films is key to realize efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells. The trap‐assisted nonradiative recombination at grain boundary (GB) and surface poses a serious challenge for fabricating high‐quality perovskite films. Here, a synergistic modulation strategy of two‐dimensional (2D) perovskite with alternating cations in the interlayer space (ACI) and multisite ligand 2‐mercapto‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole (MTD) for fabricating high‐quality methylammonium‐free perovskite films is reported. The formation of ACI 2D perovskite promotes the nucleation of three‐dimensional (3D) perovskites, suppresses the generation of yellow phase, and promotes the formation of black phase, leading to increased grain size and crystallinity. Due to the synergistic effect of ACI 2D perovskite and MTD, the defects at GBs and surface are healed simultaneously. The significantly inhibited nonradiative recombination enables realization of high‐efficiency inverted devices with a fascinating power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.58%, which is one of the highest PCEs reported for inverted devices. The synergistically modified unsealed device demonstrates an excellent long‐term ambient stability, retaining 90.5% of its initial PCE after 3000 h under a relative humidity of 30–40%. This work provides deep insights into minimizing nonradiative recombination losses through the rational synergistic engineering of GB and surface toward efficient and stable inverted devices.
In Situ Anchoring Ultrafine ZnS Nanodots on 2D MXene Nanosheets for Accelerating Polysulfide Redox and Regulating Li Plating
Authors: Wei Chuanliang , Xi Baojuan , Wang Peng , Liang Yazhan , Wang Zhengran , Tian Kangdong , Feng Jinkui , Xiong Shenglin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLithium−sulfur (Li−S) battery is a promising energy storage system due to its cost effectiveness and high energy density. However, formation of Li dendrites from Li metal anode and shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) from S cathode impede its practical application. Herein, ultrafine ZnS nanodots are uniformly grown on 2D MXene nanosheets by a low‐temperature (60 °C) hydrothermal method for the first time. Distinctively, the ZnS nanodot‐decorated MXene nanosheets (ZnS/MXene) can be easily filtered to be a flexible and freestanding film in several minutes. The ZnS/MXene film can be used as a current collector for Li‐metal anode to promote uniform Li deposition due to the superior lithiophilicity of ZnS nanodots. ZnS/MXene powders obtained by freeze drying can be used as separator decorator to address the shuttle effect of LiPSs due to their excellent adsorbability. Theoretical calculation proves that the existence of ZnS nanodots on MXene can obviously improve the adsorption ability of ZnS/MXene with Li+ and LiPSs. Li−S full cells with composite Li‐metal anode and modified separator exhibit remarkable rate and cycling performance. Other transition metal sulfides (CdS, CuS, etc.) can be also grown on 2D MXene nanosheets by the low‐temperature hydrothermal strategy.
DeDoc2 Identifies and Characterizes the Hierarchy and Dynamics of Chromatin TAD‐Like Domains in the Single Cells
Authors: Li Angsheng , Zeng Guangjie , Wang Haoyu , Li Xiao , Zhang Zhihua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTopologically associating domains (TADs) are functional chromatin units with hierarchical structure. However, the existence, prevalence, and dynamics of such hierarchy in single cells remain unexplored. Here, a new generation TAD‐like domain (TLD) detection algorithm, named deDoc2, to decode the hierarchy of TLDs in single cells, is reported. With dynamic programming, deDoc2 seeks genome partitions with global minimal structure entropy for both whole and local contact matrix. Notably, deDoc2 outperforms state‐of‐the‐art tools and is one of only two tools able to identify the hierarchy of TLDs in single cells. By applying deDoc2, it is showed that the hierarchy of TLDs in single cells is highly dynamic during cell cycle, as well as among human brain cortex cells, and that it is associated with cellular identity and functions. Thus, the results demonstrate the abundance of information potentially encoded by TLD hierarchy for functional regulation. The deDoc2 can be freely accessed at https://github.com/zengguangjie/deDoc2.
Recent Advances in Ultralow‐Pt‐Loading Electrocatalysts for the Efficient Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Guo Fei , Macdonald Thomas J. , Sobrido Ana Jorge , Liu Longxiang , Feng Jianrui , He Guanjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHydrogen production from water electrolysis provides a green and sustainable route. Platinum (Pt)‐based materials have been regarded as efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the large‐scale commercialization of Pt‐based catalysts suffers from the high cost. Therefore, ultralow‐Pt‐loading electrocatalysts, which can reach the balance of low cost and high HER performance, have attracted much attention. In this review, representative promising synthetic strategies, including wet chemistry, annealing, electrochemistry, photochemistry, and atomic layer deposition are summarized. Further, the interaction between different electrocatalyst components (transition metals and their derivatives) and Pt is discussed. Notably, this interaction can effectively accelerate the kinetics of the HER, enhancing the catalytic activity. At last, current challenges and future perspectives are briefly discussed.
Plastic Shavings by Laser: Peeling Porous Graphene Springs for Multifunctional All‐Carbon Applications
Authors: Kim Chanwoo , Hwang Eunseung , Kwon Jinhyeong , Jang Tae Hwan , Lee Won Chul , Kim Shi Hyeong , Park Jongmin , Lee Ming‐Tsang , Kim Hyun , Hong Sukjoon , Lee Habeom 
Published: May 2023

AbstractManufacturing strategies to create three‐dimensional (3D) structures with multifunctional nanomaterials are of intense interest for fabricating building blocks in many electromechanical applications. A coil spring composed of graphene provides an important step toward the realization of all‐carbon devices, as it is one of the essential elements for a wide range of systems. In this connection, here an unprecedented fabrication strategy to create a new type of 3D coil spring composed of laser‐induced graphene springs (LIG‐S) which is spontaneously produced via the pyrolytic jetting technique, is presented. Similar to wood or metal shavings observed in traditional machining processes, a pair of LIG‐S with two opposite chiralities and controllable macroscopic dimensions is produced by a single scanning of a focused continuous‐wave (CW) laser on a polyimide (PI) substrate. The resulting LIG‐S, plastic shavings by laser, exhibits sufficient mechanical and electrical properties to enable many applications including strain‐tolerant spring electrodes, antennas, supercapacitors, gas sensors, and luminescent filaments under extreme conditions. Without using any conventional fabrication techniques or other labor‐intensive, time‐consuming, and expensive processes, this novel approach enables a high‐throughput mass production of macro‐, micro‐, and nanoscale featured LIG‐S that can be manufactured within seconds to realize many open opportunities in all‐carbon electromechanical systems.
N‐Containing Carbon‐Coated β‐Si3N4 Enhances Si Anodes for High‐Performance Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hernandha Rahmandhika Firdauzha Hary , Umesh Bharath , Rath Purna Chandra , Trang Le Thi Thu , Wei Ju‐Chao , Chuang Yu‐Chun , Li Ju , Chang Jeng‐Kuei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe lithiation/delithiation properties of α‐Si3N4 and β‐Si3N4 are compared and the carbon coating effects are examined. Then, β‐Si3N4 at various fractions is used as the secondary phase in a Si anode to modify the electrode properties. The incorporated β‐Si3N4 decreases the crystal size of Si and introduces a new NSiO species at the β‐Si3N4/Si interface. The nitrogen from the milled β‐Si3N4 diffuses into the surface carbon coating during the carbonization heat treatment, forming pyrrolic nitrogen and CNO species. The synergistic effects of combining β‐Si3N4 and Si phases on the specific capacity are confirmed. The operando X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy data indicate that β‐Si3N4 is partially consumed during lithiation to form a favorable Li3N species at the electrode. However, the crystalline structure of the hexagonal β‐Si3N4 is preserved after prolonged cycling, which prevents electrode agglomeration and performance deterioration. The carbon‐coated β‐Si3N4/Si composite anode shows specific capacities of 1068 and 480 mAh g−1 at 0.2 and 5 A g−1, respectively. A full cell consisting of the carbon‐coated β‐Si3N4/Si anode and a LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode is constructed and its properties are evaluated. The potential of the proposed composite anodes for Li‐ion battery applications is demonstrated.
Superconductivity at Interfaces in Cuprate‐Manganite Superlattices
Authors: Bonmassar Nicolas , Christiani Georg , Heil Tobias , Logvenov Gennady , Suyolcu Y. Eren , van Aken Peter A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne of the unsolved problems for using high‐Tc superconducting cuprates for spintronic applications are the short coherence lengths of Cooper pairs in oxides (a few Å), which requires atomically sharp and defect‐free interfaces. This research demonstrates the presence of high‐Tc superconducting La1.84Sr0.16CuO4 in direct proximity to SrLaMnO4 and provides evidence for the sharpness of interfaces between the cuprate and the manganite layers at the atomic scale. These findings shed light on the impact of the chemical potential at the interface of distinct materials on highly sensitive physical properties, such as superconductivity. Additionally, this results show the high stability of ultrathin layers from the same K2NiF4‐type family, specifically one unit cell of Sr2−xLaxMnO4 and three unit cells of La1.84Sr0.16CuO4. This work advances both the fundamental understanding of the proximity region between superconducting cuprates and manganite phases and the potential use of oxide‐based materials in quantum computing.
Polyaniline‐Coated Mesoporous Carbon Nanosheets with Fast Capacitive Energy Storage in Symmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Noh Jungchul , Jekal Suk , Yoon Chang‐Min 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolyaniline‐capped mesoporous carbon nanosheets with high conductivity and porosity are synthesized by vapor deposition polymerization. The mesoporous carbon template is prepared by removing ordered cubic iron oxide nanocrystals embedded in the carbon matrix obtained by thermal decomposition of an iron‐oleate complex in a sodium chloride matrix. The evaporated aniline monomers are slowly polymerized on the carbon surface pretreated with FeCl3as an initiator, partially filling the carbon pores to improve conductivity. The resulting products exhibit efficient hybrid energy storage mechanisms of electric double‐layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance. When the nanosheets are assembled for a symmetric supercapacitor, the device capacitance reaches 107.8 F g−1, at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, and a capacitance retention of 69.6% is achieved at a ten times higher current density of 5 A g−1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy reveals that the transition from resistive to capacitive behavior occurs within 0.63 s, indicating that fast ion and charge transport results in high capacitance and rate capability. The corresponding energy and power densities are 9.59 Wh kg−1and 200.1 W kg−1at a current density of 0.5 A g−1, demonstrating efficient energy storage in a symmetric supercapacitor.