bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan Usia Pernikahan Anak pada Perempuan Pernah Kawin Usia 15 – 24 Tahun di Perdesaan dan Perkotaan Indonesia
Authors: Fatiah Mona Safitri , Tambing Yane , Irjayanti Apriyana 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: early marriage in young women will have long-term impacts both in terms of health, social, and psychological children. The aim this study is to see the age difference in child marriage in women who have married aged 15-24 years in rural and urban Indonesia. Method: This study has a cross sectional design conducted for (3 months, with the location of the study being Indonesia. The population of this study was WUS aged 15-24 years who were not married amounting to 38,936 people while the sample in this study was women aged 15-24 years who amounted to 10,691 people. The dependent variable in this study is child marriage with the independent variable is where to live while the confonding variables are age: education, economic status, knowledge of the fertile period, attitudes towards virginity, exposure to information, marriage decision making, dating behavior and first age of dating. The data in this study were analyzed up to a multivariate analysis in the form of logistic regression risk factor model using STATA 14. Results: The study found women living in rural areas were more likely to marry before age 21 compared to women living in urban areas. Conclusion: child marriage if not immediately addressed will have an impact on the quality of Human Resources (HR), so a multifactor approach is needed in overcoming the problem.
Role of Long Non-coding RNAs on Bladder Cancer
Authors: Li Hui-Jin , Gong Xue , Li Zheng-Kun , Qin Wei , He Chun-Xia , Xing Lu , Zhou Xin , Zhao Dong , Cao Hui-Ling 
Published: June 2023

Graphical AbstractLncRNAs interacted with proteins in BC. (A) UCA1 interacts with C/EBPα. (B) Lnc-LBCS directly binds to hnRNPK and EZH2, and inhibits SOX2 transcription. (C) XIST-TET1-p53 pathway in BC. (D) DGCR5 promotes P21 transcription via interacting with ARID1A. (E) LSINCT5 promotes tumor progression by interacting with NCYM, and inhibiting GSK3β activity and promoting Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation. (F) GAS5 inhibits EZH2 transcription by interacting with E2F4. (G) AWPPH promotes cell proliferation, autophagy, and migration through binding to SMAD4 via EZH2. P indicates promoter. (H) LNMAT1 regulates CCL2 expression through interaction with hnRNPL. Protein-RNA interactions are important aspects of many cellular functions, and lncRNAs are involved in modulating BC through different molecular mechanisms, including binding to one or more protein partners.
Transcriptome-wide association study reveals novel susceptibility genes for coronary atherosclerosis
Authors: Zhao Qiuping , Liu Rongmei , Chen Hui , Yang Xiaomo , Dong Jiajia , Bai Minfu , Lu Yao , Leng Yiming 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundGenetic risk factors substantially contributed to the development of coronary atherosclerosis. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) has identified many risk loci for coronary atherosclerosis, but the translation of these loci into therapeutic targets is limited for their location in non-coding regions. Here, we aimed to screen the potential coronary atherosclerosis pathogenic genes expressed though TWAS (transcriptome wide association study) and explore the underlying mechanism association.MethodsFour TWAS approaches (PrediXcan, JTI, UTMOST, and FUSION) were used to screen genes associated with coronary atherosclerosis. Enrichment analysis of TWAS-identified genes was applied through the Metascape website. The summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis was conducted to provide the evidence of causal relationship between the candidate genes and coronary atherosclerosis. At last, the cell type-specific expression of the intersection genes was examined by using human coronary artery single-cell RNA-seq, interrogating the immune microenvironment of human coronary atherosclerotic plaque at different stages of maturity.ResultsWe identified 19 genes by at least three approaches and 1 gene (NBEAL1) by four approaches. Enrichment analysis enriching the genes identified at least by two TWAS approaches, suggesting that these genes were markedly enriched in asthma and leukocyte mediated immunity reaction. Further, the summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis provided the evidence of causal relationship between NBEAL1 gene and coronary atherosclerosis, confirming the protecting effects of NBEAL1 gene and coronary atherosclerosis. At last, the single cell cluster analysis demonstrated that NBEAL1 gene has differential expressions in macrophages, plasma cells and endothelial cells.ConclusionOur study identified the novel genes associated with coronary atherosclerosis and suggested the potential biological function for these genes, providing insightful guidance for further biological investigation and therapeutic approaches development in atherosclerosis-related diseases.
A multiethnic genome-wide analysis of 19,420 individuals identifies novel loci associated with axial length and shared genetic influences with refractive error and myopia
Authors: Jiang Chen , Melles Ronald B. , Yin Jie , Fan Qiao , Guo Xiaobo , Cheng Ching-Yu , He Mingguang , Mackey David A. , Guggenheim Jeremy A. , Klaver Caroline ,   Consortium for Refractive Error and Myopia (CREAM), Nair K. Saidas , Jorgenson Eric , Choquet Hélène 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Long axial length (AL) is a risk factor for myopia. Although family studies indicate that AL has an important genetic component with heritability estimates up to 0.94, there have been few reports of AL-associated loci.Methods: Here, we conducted a multiethnic genome-wide association study (GWAS) of AL in 19,420 adults of European, Latino, Asian, and African ancestry from the Genetic Epidemiology Research on Adult Health and Aging (GERA) cohort, with replication in a subset of the Consortium for Refractive Error and Myopia (CREAM) cohorts of European or Asian ancestry. We further examined the effect of the identified loci on the mean spherical equivalent (MSE) within the GERA cohort. We also performed genome-wide genetic correlation analyses to quantify the genetic overlap between AL and MSE or myopia risk in the GERA European ancestry sample.Results: Our multiethnic GWA analysis of AL identified a total of 16 genomic loci, of which 5 are novel. We found that all AL-associated loci were significantly associated with MSE after Bonferroni correction. We also found that AL was genetically correlated with MSE (rg = −0.83; SE, 0.04; p = 1.95 × 10−89) and myopia (rg = 0.80; SE, 0.05; p = 2.84 × 10−55). Finally, we estimated the array heritability for AL in the GERA European ancestry sample using LD score regression, and found an overall heritability estimate of 0.37 (s.e. = 0.04).Discussion: In this large and multiethnic study, we identified novel loci, associated with AL at a genome-wide significance level, increasing substantially our understanding of the etiology of AL variation. Our results also demonstrate an association between AL-associated loci and MSE and a shared genetic basis between AL and myopia risk.
Novel EAAT2 activators improve motor and cognitive impairment in a transgenic model of Huntington’s disease
Authors: Bhatnagar Akanksha , Parmar Visha , Barbieri Nicholas , Bearoff Frank , Elefant Felice , Kortagere Sandhya 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionGlutamate excitotoxicity is causal in striatal neurodegeneration underlying motor dysfunction and cognitive deficits in Huntington’s disease (HD). Excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2), the predominant glutamate transporter accounting for &gt;90% of glutamate transport, plays a key role in preventing excitotoxicity by clearing excess glutamate from the intrasynaptic cleft. Accordingly, EAAT2 has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for prevention of neuronal excitotoxicity underlying HD and other neurodegenerative diseases.MethodsWe have previously designed novel EAAT2 positive allosteric modulator GT951, GTS467, and GTS551, with low nanomolar efficacy in glutamate uptake and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. In this study, we test the neuroprotective abilities of these novel EAAT2 activatorsin vivousing the robustDrosophilaHD transgenic model expressing human huntingtin gene with expanded repeats (Htt128Q).ResultsAll three compounds significantly restored motor function impaired under HD pathology over a wide dose range. Additionally, treatment with all three compounds significantly improved HD-associated olfactory associative learning and short-term memory defects, while GT951 and GTS551 also improved middle-term memory in low-performing group. Similarly, treatment with GT951 and GTS551 partially protected against early mortality observed in our HD model. Further, treatment with all three EAAT2 activators induced epigenetic expression of EAAT2Drosophilahomolog and several cognition-associated genes.ConclusionTogether, these results highlight the efficacy of GT951, GTS467 and GTS551 in treating motor and cognitive impairments under HD pathology and support their development for treatment of HD.
Segmentation of multi-regional skeletal muscle in abdominal CT image for cirrhotic sarcopenia diagnosis
Authors: Song Genshen , Zhou Ji , Wang Kang , Yao Demin , Chen Shiyao , Shi Yonghong 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundSarcopenia is generally diagnosed by the total area of skeletal muscle in the CT axial slice located in the third lumbar (L3) vertebra. However, patients with severe liver cirrhosis cannot accurately obtain the corresponding total skeletal muscle because their abdominal muscles are squeezed, which affects the diagnosis of sarcopenia.PurposeThis study proposes a novel lumbar skeletal muscle network to automatically segment multi-regional skeletal muscle from CT images, and explores the relationship between cirrhotic sarcopenia and each skeletal muscle region.MethodsThis study utilizes the skeletal muscle characteristics of different spatial regions to improve the 2.5D U-Net enhanced by residual structure. Specifically, a 3D texture attention enhancement block is proposed to tackle the issue of blurred edges with similar intensities and poor segmentation between different skeletal muscle regions, which contains skeletal muscle shape and muscle fibre texture to spatially constrain the integrity of skeletal muscle region and alleviate the difficulty of identifying muscle boundaries in axial slices. Subsequentially, a 3D encoding branch is constructed in conjunction with a 2.5D U-Net, which segments the lumbar skeletal muscle in multiple L3-related axial CT slices into four regions. Furthermore, the diagnostic cut-off values of the L3 skeletal muscle index (L3SMI) are investigated for identifying cirrhotic sarcopenia in four muscle regions segmented from CT images of 98 patients with liver cirrhosis.ResultsOur method is evaluated on 317 CT images using the five-fold cross-validation method. For the four skeletal muscle regions segmented in the images from the independent test set, the avg. DSC is 0.937 and the avg. surface distance is 0.558 mm. For sarcopenia diagnosis in 98 patients with liver cirrhosis, the cut-off values of Rectus Abdominis, Right Psoas, Left Psoas, and Paravertebral are 16.67, 4.14, 3.76, and 13.20 cm2/m2 in females, and 22.51, 5.84, 6.10, and 17.28 cm2/m2 in males, respectively.ConclusionThe proposed method can segment four skeletal muscle regions related to the L3 vertebra with high accuracy. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the Rectus Abdominis region can be used to assist in the diagnosis of sarcopenia when the total muscle is not available.
A comparative study of gastric adenocarcinoma HER2 IHC phenotype and mass spectrometry-based quantification
Authors: Xu Bin , Chen Hui , Zhang Jingjing , Cong Yanghai , Ning Li , Chen Limin , Zhang Yushi , Zhang Yong , Song Zhanchun , Meng Yuan , He Lianqi , Liao Wei-li , Lu Ying , Zhao Fengyi 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionGastric cancer is a highly heterogeneous malignant tumor of the digestive system. Anti-HER2 treatment can inhibit downstream signaling pathways and improve clinical treatment and outcomes in patients with HER2 protein overexpression. Currently, two standard methods for evaluating HER2 expression status are immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). However, these low-throughput assays often produce discordant or equivocal results.MethodsIn this study, we presented a new HER2 protein detection method based on mass spectrometry selected reaction monitoring (MS-SRM) and validated the method. We conducted a retrospective study on 118 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma in northern China, and we compared the MS-SRM results with those from IHC and correlated them with FISH. ResultsWe established and validated the upper and lower detection limits (300-700 amol/μg) for abnormal HER2 protein expression in advanced gastric cancer. We also found that, among samples with mixed Lauren subtypes, those with a high level of HER2 expression had typical intestinal type features in pathology. DiscussionThis study demonstrated that the MS-SRM method can overcome the limitations and deficiencies of IHC, directly quantify the expression of HER2 protein in tumor cells and be used as a supplement to IHC. It has the potential to be used as a companion diagnosis for new drugs used to treat advanced gastric cancer. Large-scale clinical validation is required.
Oncolytic virotherapy for metastatic breast cancer – a case report
Authors: Gesundheit Benjamin , Muckenhuber Alexander , Posen Yehudit , Ellis Ronald , Zisman Philip David , Schmoll Harald , Weisslein Christine , Srinivas Raju Jayadeepa 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundBreast cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and remains incurable after metastasis, with a 3-year overall survival rate of &lt;40%.Case presentationA 40-year-old, Caucasian patient with a grade-3 estrogen receptor-, progesterone receptor-, Her2-positive breast tumor and two lung nodules was treated with intramuscular targeted immunotherapy with trastuzumab and oral tamoxifen hormone therapy, together with customized intra-tumoral oncolytic virotherapy (IT-OV) over a 17-month period. PET/CT imaging at 3 and 6 months showed increased primary tumor size and metabolic glucose uptake in the primary tumor, axillary lymph nodes and lung nodules, which were paralleled by a hyperimmune reaction in the bones, liver, and spleen. Thereafter, there was a steady decline in both tumor size and metabolic activity until no radiographic evidence of disease was observed. The treatment regimen was well tolerated and good quality of life was maintained throughout.ConclusionIntegration of IT-OV immunotherapy in standard treatment protocols presents an attractive modality for late-stage primary tumors with an abscopal effect on metastases.
Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal verification in fetuses with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Authors: Xue Xiaoying , Wu Qiumei , Xiong Mingtao , Ling Wen , Guo Shan , Ma Hong , Huang Biying , Liu Min , Qiu Xiuqing , Weng Zongjie 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo systematically verify the accuracy of a four-step prenatal ultrasonography in diagnosing fetal total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC).MethodsA total of 62 TAPVC fetuses received prenatal ultrasonography and were confirmed by postnatal echocardiography, surgery, or postabortion autopsy. The suspected TAPVC fetuses were further screened by a four-step prenatal ultrasonography for TAPVC classification, pulmonary venous obstruction, and the associated malformations, and followed postpartum. The sonographic features, clinical data, and prognosis of the TAPVC fetuses were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsOf the 62 TAPVC fetuses, supracardiac TAPVC was found in 20 cases, intracardiac TAPVC in 12, infracardiac TAPVC in 21, and mixed TAPVC in 9. A total of 30 cases with right atrium isomerism were correctly diagnosed. Of the 11 cases with other intracardiac and extracardiac malformations, 1 case was missed to be diagnosed. Of the 21 isolated TAPVC cases, 6 were missed prenatally and 1 case was prenatally diagnosed as intracardiac and postnatally proved to be mixed (intracardiac type + supracardiac type) by echocardiography. Of the 13 TAPVC live births, 4 infants died in the neonatal period without operation. Of the nine infants undergoing the operation, five recuperated and survived; one survived but had complications with superior vena cava obstruction and collateral circulation formation, and three died postoperatively.ConclusionThe four-step prenatal ultrasound procedure can comprehensively and systematically evaluate fetal TAPVC, detailing the classification, potential obstruction, and associated malformations. It provides substantial support for subsequent prenatal counseling and neonatal assessment. The retrospective analysis also reveals that isolated TAPVC is more prone to be missed in diagnosis.
Politicization of psychiatry and the improvement of ethical standards in the 1970s
Authors: Kosenko Oxana , Steger Florian 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe Code of Ethics for Psychiatry adopted by the World Psychiatric Association in 1977, also known as the Declaration of Hawaii, was a milestone in the development of ethical standards in psychiatry. The impetus for the development of the code came primarily from the politicization of psychiatry, first discovered in the USSR, and later in other countries of the socialist camp, such as Romania, Yugoslavia, and the People’s Republic of China. The purpose of this article is to trace reasons for the lack of consolidation among Western psychiatrists against the politicization of psychiatry and their efforts to improve the ethical standards in this medical field.MethodsWe analyzed unpublished documents from the Archive of the German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, the private archives of the West German psychiatrists Gerd Huber and Walter von Baeyer as well as research works. To examine these sources, we implemented the historical-critical method.ResultsThe World Psychiatric Association made efforts to collect, analyze and discuss materials concerning psychiatric ethics in order to create the Code of Ethics for Psychiatry and establish an Ethical Committee. In general, the reaction of Western psychiatrists to the information about the internment of dissidents in psychiatric hospitals was restrained and focused on attempts to solve the issue together with the Soviet colleagues.ConclusionThe international policy of détente of the time as well as collisions between different medical concepts and ethical dimensions did not allow Western psychiatrists to condemn cases of politicization of psychiatry without proir clarification of the situation. The efforts of the World Psychiatric Association in the ethical field improved the ethical standards for psychiatry.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prescribing of opioid and opioid use disorder medications within an academic medical center in California
Authors: Fstkchian Armen K. , Koch Jessa , Bahjri Khaled , Hong Lisa T. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic impacted healthcare operations affecting many patients with chronic pain and substance use disorder. Our study aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on opioid and opioid use disorder (OUD) medication prescribing practices within a large academic health system in southern California.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients who received a prescription for chronic opioids or therapy for OUD between November 1, 2019 and September 1, 2020. The date range was divided into five specific time periods during the pandemic: November through December 2019 (pre-COVID and reference period), January through February 2020 (early COVID), March through April 2020 (policy/guidance change period), May through June 2020 (early post-guidance period), and July through August 2020 (late post-guidance period). The primary outcome was change in morphine milligram equivalents (MME) prescribed. Secondary outcomes included encounter type, mode of prescription ordering, naloxone prescriptions, and urine drug screen obtainment.ResultsThe cohort included 100 patients divided among the designated time periods. Seventy-percent of patients received opioids for chronic non-malignant pain and 10% received therapy for OUD. Although there were numerical increases in MMEs prescribed, no significant changes were seen in the MMEs prescribed at any timepoint relative to the pre-COVID timeframe despite reduced in-person visits, increased video and telephone encounters and increased electronic prescription utilization. Subgroup analyses of those with chronic pain only or OUD had similar findings.ConclusionIt appears that, generally, prescribing practices were sustained despite the various phases of the pandemic including transitions to and from telemedicine.
Is knowledge about COVID-19 associated with willingness to receive vaccine, vaccine uptake, and vaccine booster uptake in rural Malang, Indonesia?
Authors: Sujarwoto Sujarwoto , Maharani Asri 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundLack of knowledge regarding the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and COVID-19 vaccines is a key barrier to COVID-19 vaccine uptake in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).AimsTo examine factors associated with knowledge about COVID-19 and the association between knowledge of COVID-19, willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine, and vaccine uptake in Malang, East Java, Indonesia.MethodA cross-sectional study among individuals aged 15–99 years was conducted in Malang, Java Timur, Indonesia between November 2022 and January 2023. Of 10,050 potential respondents, 10,007 were able to complete the survey. The main independent variable was knowledge about COVID-19, which was assessed using a six-item questionnaire. The dependent variables were COVID-19 vaccine uptake and COVID-19 booster vaccine uptake. The mediating variable was respondent’s willingness to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Linear regression was used to examine factors associated with knowledge about COVID-19. Logistic regression was employed to examine the association of knowledge about COVID-19 with vaccine uptake. Generalized structural equation modeling (GSEM) was performed to examine whether willingness to receive a vaccine mediated the association between knowledge about COVID-19 and vaccination uptake.FindingsThe percentage of respondents who reported having received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine was 94.8%, while the percentage of those who reported having received at least three doses was 88.5%. These numbers are higher than the national average for COVID-19 vaccine and booster vaccine uptake. Most respondents answered about four of six knowledge items correctly (M = 4.60, SD = 1.1). Among respondents who had not received a vaccine, 83.1% expressed willingness to receive a vaccine when it became available to them. Older, more educated, employed respondents, and those with higher economic status, demonstrated more accurate knowledge about COVID-19 than younger, less educated, unemployed respondents and those with lower economic status. Respondents who demonstrated more accurate knowledge about COVID-19 were more likely to have received a vaccine (OR = 1.528, 95% CI = 1.428–1.634) and a booster vaccine (OR = 1.260, 95% CI = 1.196–1.328). Willingness to receive a vaccine mediated the association between knowledge about COVID-19 and vaccine uptake (coef. = 0.426, 95% CI = 0.379–0.473).ImplicationsInterventions and public health programs aiming to improve knowledge about COVID-19 can be implemented to improve individual willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination and to improve COVID-19 vaccine uptake among the general population.