bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Over 18% Efficiency of All‐Polymer Solar Cells with Long‐Term Stability Enabled by Y6 as a Solid Additive
Authors: Ge Zhongwei , Qiao Jiawei , Li Yun , Song Jiali , Zhang Chen , Fu Zhen , Jee Min Hun , Hao Xiaotao , Woo Han Young , Sun Yanming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMorphology control greatly influences the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long‐term stability of all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs); however, it remains challenging owing to their complex crystallization behavior. Herein, a small amount of Y6 (2 wt%) is introduced as a solid additive into a PM6:PY‐DT blend. Y6 remained inside the active layer and interacted with PY‐DT to form a well‐mixed phase. Increased molecular packing, enlarged phase separation size, and decreased trap density are observed for the Y6‐processed PM6:PY‐DT blend. The corresponding devices showed simultaneously improved short‐circuit current and fill factor, achieving a high PCE of over 18% and excellent long‐term stability, with a T80 lifetime of 1180 h and an extrapolated T70 lifetime of 9185 h at maximum power point tracking (MPP) conditions under continuous one‐sun illumination. This Y6‐assisted strategy is successfully applied to other all‐polymer blends, demonstrating its universality for all‐PSCs. This work paves a new way for the fabrication of all‐PSCs with high efficiency and superior long‐term stability.
An Aerosol Jet Printed Resistance Temperature Detector‐Micro Hotplate with Temperature Coefficient of Resistance Stabilized by Electrical Sintering
Authors: Sui Yongkun , Tsui Lok‐kun , Thibodeaux Alfred J. , Lavin Judith M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAerosol jet printing (AJP) is an emerging direct write tool enabling rapid prototyping and fabrication of electronics components. AJP provides faster and less expensive production of devices with feature sizes of >10 microns compared to traditional MEMS processes. Herein, the fabrication of a resistance temperature detector‐micro hotplate (RTD‐µHP) is reported using AJP printed silver. AJP eliminates sophisticated MEMS processes such as masking, alignment, and etching. The compatibility of the AJP process with a broad range of materials is demonstrated by printing highly resolved lines on rigid and flexible substrates. Optimal thermal sintering conditions of AJP printed silver (Ag) lines are found by in situ resistance measurements. To stabilize the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) of the RTD‐µHP at high operating current levels, electrical sintering is performed on the RTD‐µHPs. Electrical sintering improves the conductivity of fully thermally sintered Ag RTD‐µHPs by 32% and provides a burn‐in mechanism for stabilizing the TCR. The TCR of the RTD‐µHPs after electrical sintering is 3.80 × 10−3at 22 °C, close to the value for bulk Ag. The performance of the RTD‐µHPs is tested using a reference thermocouple. The RTD‐µHPs show reliable and repeatable heating and temperature sensing up to 70 °C in air.
Solution‐Processable Small‐Molecule Hole Transport Material for High‐Performance QLED via Manipulating Dipole Moments
Authors: Yang Ming , Xie Liming , Yi Yuan‐Qiu‐Qiang , Liu Yang , Meng Xiuqing , Su Wenming , Cui Zheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSolution‐processed quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) have achieved huge successes in terms of both efficiency and stability. However, the polymeric hole transport materials (HTMs) utilized in QLEDs, to some degree, cause severe damages to performance consistency due to their intrinsic batch‐to‐batch problems. Thus, adopting small‐molecule HTMs with definitive chemical structures and molecular weight is a plausible way to solve this issue. In this work, a new solution‐processable small‐molecule (SM)‐HTM (FLCZ) is designed and synthesized, through elaborately modifying the widely used 4,4′‐bis(carbazole‐9‐yl)‐biphenyl via manipulating dipole moments, for solution‐processed QLEDs to replace polymeric HTMs. The FLCZ‐based QLED has achieved an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.63% (18.74 lm W−1, 20.01 cd A−1), approaching that of polymer HTMs‐based QLEDs. In addition, the large surface energy of 45.29 mN m−1 is also observed on the film of FLCZ, which is highly desirable for inkjet‐printed (IJP) QLED devices, results in the IJP fabricated QLED with an EQE of 10.69%. To the best of knowledge, the results of this work represent the highest device performance of conventional solution‐processed QLED based on a single SM‐HTM.
Synthesis of Pb‐free Double‐Perovskite Heterojunction (Cs2SnCl6‐Bi3+&Te4+/Cs2GeF6‐Mn4+) with White Emission for LED Application
Authors: Ni Zongming , Zhao Jianwei , Zhang Guodong , Chen Yeqing , Lian Hongzhou , Lin Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLead‐free halide double perovskites have been extensively studied for their application in the display and lighting fields. Owing to their characteristic single white luminescence, double perovskites have led to several developments in the field of white light illumination. However, most of these materials possess poor ambient stability or produce white emissions with high correlated color temperature (CCT) and low color rendering index (Ra), which hinder their application to home and commercial lighting displays. To address these challenges, a Pb‐free double perovskite heterojunction phosphor for white light is designed, namely Cs2SnCl6‐2%Bi3+&4%Te4+/Cs2GeF6‐0.11%Mn4+, which has a low CCT of 3525 K, a high Ra of 90.5, good optical moisture and thermal stability. The pattern and mechanism of epitaxial growth are derived from structural and surface tests. Analyzing the optical properties clarifies the existence of energy transfer modes in this heterojunction material, i.e., from Bi3+ to Te4+, from Bi3+ to Mn4+, and from Te4+ to Mn4+. These results indicate the application prospects of these heterojunction phosphors in the field of white light illumination.
Adjustable extracellular matrix rigidity tumor model for studying stiffness dependent pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas progression and tumor immunosuppression
Authors: Zhang Haoxiang , Chen Jiaoshun , Hu Xiaoqing , Bai Jianwei , Yin Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC) is one of the stiffest malignancies with strong solid stresses. Increasing stiffness could alter cellular behavior and trigger internal signaling pathways and is strongly associated with a poor prognosis in PDAC. So far, there has been no report on of an experimental model that can rapidly construct and stably maintain a stiffness gradient dimension in both vitro and in vivo. In this study, a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)‐based hydrogel was designed for in vitro and in vivo PDAC experiments. The GelMA‐based hydrogel has porous, adjustable mechanical properties and excellent in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility. The GelMA‐based in vitro 3D culture method can effectively form a gradient and stable extracellular matrix stiffness, affecting cell morphology, cytoskeleton remodeling, and malignant biological behaviors such as proliferation and metastasis. This model is suitable for in vivo studies with long‐term maintenance of matrix stiffness and no significant toxicity. High matrix stiffness can significantly promote PDAC progression and tumor immunosuppression. This novel adaptive extracellular matrix rigidity tumor model is an excellent candidate for further development as an in vitro and in vivo biomechanical study model of PDAC or other tumors with strong solid stresses.
Fatigue, quality of life and associations with adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund guidelines for health behaviours in 5835 adults living with and beyond breast, prostate and colorectal cancer in England: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kennedy Fiona , Lally Phillippa , Miller Natalie Ella , Conway Rana E. , Roberts Anna , Croker Helen , Fisher Abigail , Beeken Rebecca J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany individuals living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) have ongoing quality of life (QoL) issues, including fatigue. The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) provides health behaviour recommendations for people LWBC, and there is some evidence linking adherence to these with improved QoL.MethodsAdults LWBC (specifically breast, colorectal or prostate cancer) completed a survey covering health behaviours (diet, physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking), fatigue (FACIT‐Fatigue Scale, version 4) and a broad measure of QoL (EQ‐5D‐5L descriptive scale). Participants were categorised as meeting/not meeting WCRF recommendations, using the following cut‐offs classified as meeting the guidelines: ≥150 min physical activity/week, fruit and vegetables (≥5 portions/day), fibre (≥30 g fibre per day), free sugar (<5% of total calories from free sugar), fat (<33% total energy), red meat (<500 g/week), processed meat (none), alcohol consumption (<14 units/week) and not a current smoker. Logistic regression analyses explored associations between WCRF adherence and fatigue and QoL issues, controlling for demographic and clinical variables.ResultsAmong 5835 individuals LWBC (mean age: 67 years, 56% female, 90% white, breast 48%, prostate 32% and colorectal 21%), 22% had severe fatigue and 72% had 1+ issue/s on the EQ‐5D‐5L. Adhering to physical activity recommendations (odds ratio [OR] = 0.88, confidence interval [CI] = 0.77–0.99), meeting various dietary recommendations (fruit and vegetables OR = 0.79; CI = 0.68–0.91, free sugar OR = 0.85; CI = 0.76–0.96, fat OR = 0.71; CI = 0.62–0.82, red meat OR = 0.65; CI = 0.50–0.85) and not smoking (OR = 0.53, CI = 0.41–0.67) were associated with decreased odds of experiencing severe fatigue. Adhering to physical activity guidelines (OR = 0.71, CI = 0.62–0.82) was also associated with decreased odds of having 1+ QoL issue/s.ConclusionsAdherence to various WCRF recommendations, particularly the recommendation for physical activity, was associated with less fatigue and better QoL in a large UK cohort of people living with and beyond breast, colorectal or prostate cancer. Multi‐component interventions designed to support people LWBC to improve health behaviours, in line with the levels recommended by the WCRF, may also improve QoL.
Understanding the Reactivity of Diazaborinines towards the Activation of σ‐Bonds
Authors: Portela Susana , Fernández Israel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe poorly understood factors governing the small molecule activation reactions mediated by diazaborinines have been computationally explored in detail using quantum chemical tools. To this end, the activation of E−H σ‐bonds (E = H, C, Si, N, P, O, S) has been investigated. These reactions, which proceed in a concerted manner, are exergonic and, in general, associated with relatively low activation barriers. In addition, the barrier becomes lower for the E−H bonds involving the heavier element in the same group (ΔG≠: C>Si; N>P; O>S). This reactivity trend together with the mode of action of the diazaborinine system are quantitatively analyzed by means of the activation strain model of reactivity in combination with the energy decomposition analysis method.
Porous Metal‐Organic Cages Based on Rigid Bicyclo[2.2.2]oct‐7‐ene Type Ligands: Synthesis, Structure, and Gas Uptake Properties
Authors: Doñagueda Suso Beatriz , Legrand Alexandre , Weetman Catherine , Kennedy Alan R. , Fletcher Ashleigh J. , Furukawa Shuhei , Craig Gavin A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThree new ligands containing a bicyclo[2.2.2]oct‐7‐ene‐2,3,5,6‐tetracarboxydiimide unit have been used to assemble lantern‐type metal‐organic cages with the general formula [Cu4L4]. Functionalisation of the backbone of the ligands leads to distinct crystal packing motifs between the three cages, as observed with single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The three cages vary in their gas sorption behaviour, and the capacity of the materials for CO2 is found to depend on the activation conditions: softer activation conditions lead to superior uptake, and one of the cages displays the highest BET surface area found for lantern‐type cages so far.
Vanol‐Supported Lanthanide Complexes for Strong Circularly Polarized Luminescence at 1550 nm
Authors: Adewuyi Joseph A. , Schley Nathan D. , Ung Gaël 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStrong circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) at 1550 nm is reported for lanthanide complexes supported by Vanol; these are the first examples of coordination of Vanol to lanthanides. A change in the ligand design from a 1,1’‐bi‐2‐naphthol (in Binol) to a 2,2’‐bi‐1‐naphthol (in Vanol) results in significantly improved dissymmetry factors for (Vanol)3ErNa3 (|glum|=0.64) at 1550 nm. This is among the highest reported dissymmetry factors to date in the telecom C‐band region, and among the highest for any lanthanide complexes. Comparative solid‐state structural analysis of (Vanol)3ErNa3 and (Binol)3ErNa3 suggests that a less distorted geometry around the metal center is in part responsible for the high chiroptical metrics of (Vanol)3ErNa3. This phenomenon was further evidenced in the analogous ytterbium complex (Vanol)3YbNa3 that also exhibit a significantly improved dissymmetry factor (|glum|=0.21). This confirms and generalizes the same observation that was made in other visibly emitting, six‐coordinate lanthanide complexes. Due to their strong CPL at 1550 nm, the reported complexes are potential candidates for applications in quantum communication technologies. More importantly, our structure‐CPL activity relationship study provides guidance towards the generation of even better near‐infrared CPL emitters.
Effect of case and control definitions on genome‐wide association study (GWAS) findings
Authors: Isgut Monica , Song Kijoung , Ehm Margaret G. , Wang May Dongmei , Davitte Jonathan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGenome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have significantly advanced our understanding of the genetic underpinnings of diseases, but case and control cohort definitions for a given disease can vary between different published studies. For example, two GWAS for the same disease using the UK Biobank data set might use different data sources (i.e., self‐reported questionnaires, hospital records, etc.) or different levels of granularity (i.e., specificity of inclusion criteria) to define cases and controls. The extent to which this variability in cohort definitions impacts the end‐results of a GWAS study is unclear. In this study, we systematically evaluated the effect of the data sources used for case and control definitions on GWAS findings. Using the UK Biobank, we selected three diseases—glaucoma, migraine, and iron‐deficiency anemia. For each disease, we designed 13 GWAS, each using different combinations of data sources to define cases and controls, and then calculated the pairwise genetic correlations between all GWAS for each disease. We found that the data sources used to define cases for a given disease can have a significant impact on GWAS end‐results, but the extent of this depends heavily on the disease in question. This suggests the need for greater scrutiny on how case cohorts are defined for GWAS.
Prediction nomogram development and validation for postoperative radiotherapy in the management of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Timothy P. J. , David Michael , Clark Jonathan R. , Low Tsu‐Hui (Hubert) , Batstone Martin D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPredictive nomograms are useful tools to guide clinicians in estimating disease course. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients would benefit from an interactive prediction calculator that defines their levels of survival‐risk specific to their tumors to guide the use of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT).MethodsPatients with OSCC surgically treated with curative intent at four Head and Neck Cancer Centres were recruited retrospectively for development and validation of nomograms. Predictor variables include PORT, age, T and N classification, surgical margins, perineural invasion, and lymphovascular invasion. Outcomes were disease‐free, disease‐specific, and overall survivals over 5 years.Results1296 patients with OSCC were in training cohort for nomogram analysis. Algorithms were developed to show relative benefit of PORT in survivals for higher‐risk patients. External validation on 1212 patients found the nomogram to be robust with favorable discrimination and calibration.ConclusionThe proposed calculator can assist clinicians and patients in the decision‐making process for PORT.
Spatiotemporal variability of stable isotopes in precipitation and stream water in a high elevation tropical catchment in the Central Andes of Colombia
Authors: Tangarife‐Escobar Andrés , Koeniger Paul , López‐Moreno Juan Ignacio , Botía Santiago , Ceballos‐Liévano Jorge Luis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Colombian Andean Mountains include the headwaters of the main basins of the country. However, the isotope composition of water in these high mountain ecosystems has been poorly studied. In this study, we analysed the first set of stable isotope data collected along a wide elevation range (2600–4950 m a.s.l.) in the Central Andes of Colombia. The stable isotope composition of stream water and precipitation was determined for a period between 2017 and 2018 in the Upper Claro River basin. The driving factors influencing the spatial and temporal variability of δ2H, δ18O, and d‐excess were identified, and compared with daily air temperature and precipitation data from seven meteorological stations. The local regression line was described by δ2H = 8.2 δ18O + 12.3, R2 = 0.98. The δ2H and δ18O values showed more depletion in heavy isotopes, and the d‐excess values were more negative during the rainy season. An altitude effect of −0.11‰/100 m and −0.18‰/100 m was estimated for stream water and precipitation δ18O values, respectively, with the latter showing non‐linear behaviour. The dataset was compared with Colombian stations of the Global Network of Isotopes in Precipitation database, and a back‐trajectory analysis of air masses was conducted and compared with the d‐excess values. The δ18O weighted mean values changed with respect to the position in the Central Andes, indicating contrasting altitude effects depending on the moisture sources. The most positive d‐excess values were attributed to moisture recycling enhanced by local ecosystem conditions and the origin of precipitation from the Amazon basin, which change during the year and across the northern Andes. The results showed a high level of variation because of differences in elevation, seasonality, and atmospheric circulation patterns during the year. This study contributes to knowledge of spatial and temporal isotope composition data in the northern Andes, delineation of water supply basins, and to the definition of ecosystem boundaries in the high mountains of Colombia.
Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology: Guidelines for the management of anal canal cancer
Authors: Valadão Marcus , Riechelmann Rachel P. , Silva José Antonio Cunha e , Mali Jorge , Azevedo Bruno , Aguiar Samuel , Araújo Rodrigo , Feitoza Mario , Coelho Eid , Rosa Arthur Accioly , Jay Naomi , Braun Alexcia Camila , Pinheiro Rodrigo , Salvador Héber 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnal canal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a relatively uncommon neoplasia, and it is mostly a local‐regional cancer, of low metastatic potential (only 15%), resulting in cure in most cases treated with definitive chemoradiation. On the other hand, its incidence has been steadily increasing over the last decades, which makes it an important public health problem. In an effort to provide surgeons and oncologists who treat patients with anal cancer with the most updated information based on the best scientific evidence, the Brazilian Society of Surgical Oncology (SBCO) has produced the present guideline for the management of anal canal SCC, focused on the main topics related to daily clinical practice.ObjectivesThe SBCO developed the present guidelines to provide recommendations on the main topics related to the management of anal canal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) based on current scientific evidence.MethodsBetween October 2022 and January 2023, 14 experts met to develop the guidelines for the management of anal canal cancer. A total of 30 relevant topics were distributed among the participants. The methodological quality of a final list with 121 sources was evaluated, all the evidence was examined and revised, and the management guidelines were formulated by the 14‐expert committee. To reach a final consensus, all the topics were reviewed in a meeting that was attended by all the experts.ResultsThe proposed guidelines contained 30 topics considered to be highly relevant in the management of anal canal cancer, covering subjects related to screening recommendations, preventive measures, tests required for diagnosing and staging, treatment strategies, response assessment after chemoradiotherapy, surgical technique‐related aspects, and follow‐up recommendations. In addition, screening and response assessment algorithms, and a checklist were proposed to summarize the important information and offer an updated tool to assist surgeons and oncologists who treat anal canal cancer and in providing the best care to their patients.ConclusionThese guidelines summarize recommendations based on the most current scientific evidence on relevant aspects of anal canal cancer management and are a practical guide to help surgeons and oncologists who treat anal canal cancer make the best therapeutic decisions.
Single gene non‐invasive prenatal screening for autosomal dominant conditions in a high‐risk cohort
Authors: Adams Sophie , Llorin Hannah , Maher Olivia , Dean Meghan , Dobson Lori J. , Gbur Sam , Foster Judith , McElhinney Sarah , Evans Chloe , Kelly Hannah , Wilkins‐Haug Louise , Guseh Stephanie , Gray Kathryn J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeTo determine the utility of single gene non‐invasive prenatal screening (NIPS‐SGD) in a high‐risk reproductive genetics clinic.MethodsA clinical pilot for NIPS‐SGD was conducted from March 2020 to November 2021. A NIPS‐SGD panel assessing pathogenic variants in 30 genes was offered to pregnant individuals for the following indications: (1) advanced sperm age ≥40 years, (2) nuchal translucency (NT) ≥ 3.5 mm, (3) fetal anomaly, or (4) family history of a condition covered by the panel. Diagnostic testing was offered concurrently.ResultsNIPS‐SGD was ordered for 253 individuals: 88 (34.8%) for fetal anomalies, 96 (37.9%) for advanced sperm age, 37 (14.6%) for increased NT, and 5 (2.0%) for family history. Among 228 (90.1%) completed tests, 8 (3.5%) were positive. Diagnostic testing for 78 individuals revealed no false positive or negative results. Of 41 (25.9%) individuals who received a molecular diagnosis, 34 (82.9%) were outside the scope of NIPS‐SGD. Positive NIPS‐SGD altered medical management in five cases.ConclusionsNIPS‐SGD in a high‐risk population can lead to earlier prenatal diagnosis, enhanced surveillance, and targeted genetic analysis, but should not replace clinically indicated diagnostic testing. Potential incidental findings include parental diagnoses and misattributed parentage.