bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensive flow cytometric immunophenotyping of human PBMC incorporating detection of chemokine receptors, cytokines and tetramers
Authors: van Wolfswinkel Marjolein , van Meijgaarden Krista E. , Ottenhoff Tom H. M. , Niewold Paula , Joosten Simone A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCharacterization of immune cells is essential to advance our understanding of immunology and flow cytometry is an important tool in this context. Addressing both cellular phenotype and antigen‐specific functional responses of the same cells is valuable to achieve a more integrated understanding of immune cell behavior and maximizes information obtained from precious samples. Until recently, panel size was limiting, resulting in panels generally focused on either deep immunophenotyping or functional readouts. Ongoing developments in the field of (spectral) flow cytometry have made panels of 30+ markers more accessible, opening up possibilities for advanced integrated analyses. Here, we optimized immune phenotyping by co‐detection of markers covering chemokine receptors, cytokines and specific T cell/peptide tetramer interaction using a 32‐color panel. Such panels enable integrated analysis of cellular phenotypes and markers assessing the quality of immune responses and will contribute to our understanding of the immune system.
Immunocytochemical detection by a fully automated immunostainer for assisting subclassification of pulmonary tumors on ThinPrep slides in real‐life clinical samples: A single‐institution experience
Authors: Zhao LinLin , Ma HaiYue , Sun Yue , Wang Cong , Chang XinXiang , Guo HuiQin , Zhao Huan , Zhang ZhiHui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to investigate the feasibility and reliability of ThinPrep slides in detecting the subclassification of lung cancer and develop a process for immunocytochemistry (ICC) with optimized staining steps of an automated immunostainer.MethodsCytomorphology and ancillary ICC by automated immunostainer on ThinPrep slides were performed to subclassify 271 cytology cases of pulmonary tumor, which were stained with 2 or more of the following antibodies: p40, p63, thyroid transcription factor‐1 (TTF‐1), Napsin A, synaptophysin (Syn), and CD56.ResultsThe accuracy of cytological subtyping was improved from 67.2% to 92.7% (p < .0001) after ICC. The accuracy of cytomorphology combined with ICC results for lung squamous‐cell carcinoma (LUSC), lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD), and small cell carcinoma (SCLC) was 89.5% (51 of 57), 97.8% (90 of 92), and 98.8% (85 of 86), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of 6 antibodies were as follows: p63 (91.2%, 90.4%) and p40 (84.2%, 95.1%) for LUSC, TTF‐1(95.6%, 64.6%) and Napsin A (89.7%, 96.7%) for LUAD and Syn (90.7%, 60.0%) and CD56 (97.7%, 50.0%) for SCLC, respectively. P40 expression on ThinPrep slides had the highest agreement (κ = 0.881) with immunohistochemistry (IHC) results, followed by p63 (κ = 0.873), Napsin A (κ = 0.795), TTF‐1 (κ = 0.713), CD56 (κ = 0.576), and Syn (κ = 0.491).ConclusionThe result of ancillary ICC on ThinPrep slides by fully automated immunostainer was in good agreement with the gold standard in pulmonary tumors subtype and immunoreactivity, objectively achieving accurate subtyping in cytology.
Canopy height, rather than neighborhood effects, shapes leaf herbivory in a tropical rainforest
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Xu Guo‐Rui , Zhang Yu‐Xin , Zhang Wen‐Fu , Cao Min 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFactors shaping the interspecific variations in herbivory have puzzled ecologists for decades and several hypotheses have been proposed to explain interspecific variation in leaf herbivory. In a tropical rainforest in Yunnan Province, China, we collected 6732 leaves from 129 species with canopy heights ranging from 1.6 to 65.0 m above the ground. We tested the role of canopy height, the diversity, composition and structural heterogeneity of neighbors and leaf traits in shaping the interspecific variations in herbivory. Results show that leaf herbivory decreased with canopy height and specific leaf area (SLA) and increased with leaf size. However, neighboring species' diversity, composition, and structural heterogeneity showed no association with herbivory. Therefore, neither the visual apparency effect nor the associational resistance effect was detected in this hyperdiverse tropical rainforest. These findings highlight the importance of vertical structure in shaping herbivory patterns in natural communities.
Insights into B‐cell ontogeny inferred from human immunology
Authors: Dirks Johannes , Viemann Dorothee , Beyersdorf Niklas , Härtel Christoph , Morbach Henner 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDue to ontogenetic changes in B‐cell developmental lineages, the mature B‐cell compartment constitutes by functionally different B‐cell subsets that emerged from prenatal, early postnatal or adult precursors. While negative selection processes operate primarily within the framework of B‐cell tolerance checkpoints during B‐cell development, further differentiation into distinct B‐cell subsets is additionally induced by positive selection. In addition to endogenous antigens, contact with microbial antigens is also involved in this selection process, with intestinal commensals having a significant influence on the development of a large layer within the B‐cell compartment. The decisive threshold that triggers negative selection seems to be relaxed during fetal B‐cell development, thereby allowing recruitment of polyreactive and also autoreactive B‐cell clones into the mature naïve B‐cell compartment. Almost all of the concepts on B‐cell ontogeny are based on observations in laboratory mice that not only differ from humans in their developmental timeline but also in their composition of commensal microorganisms or rather a lack of exposure to these. In this review, we summarize conceptual findings on B‐cell ontogeny and particularly describe key insights into the developing human B‐cell compartment and immunoglobulin repertoire formation.
A Straightforward Access to Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene Copper (I) Complexes
Authors: Lorkowski Jan , Serrato Melinda R. , Gembicki Milan , Mauduit Marc , Bertrand Guy , Jazzar Rodolphe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene, bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene and cyclic (amino)(barrelene)carbene copper (I) complexes is reported. These complexes are obtained via a scalable, versatile, green, and cost/user‐friendly strategy.
Self‐Promoted N‐Glycosylation: Extended Substrate Scope and Substituent Effects
Authors: Rønne Kristensen Benedicte , Pedersen Christian Marcus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA self‐promoted glycosylation method for the stereoselective formation of β‐glucosides from a substrate library of glycosyl trichloroacetimidate glycosyl donors and glycosyl acceptors is presented. The simple two‐component reaction takes place at elevated temperatures, without the addition of any additives or catalysts. After a simple basic workup, N‐glycosides were obtained in good yields and with high β‐selectivity and hence this method allows for easy access to glycoconjugates under very mild conditions. The influences of neighboring group participation and substituents, in both the glycosyl donor and acceptor, were studied. Kinetic data were obtained from in situ IR and these were used for a Hammett study. A connection between the pKa of the acceptor and reaction rate was found and new mechanistic insight in self‐promoted glycosylations gained.
Clinical utility of a mHealth assisted intervention for activity modulation in chronic pain: The pilot implementation of pain ROADMAP
Authors: Andrews Nicole Emma , Ireland David , Deen Michael , Varnfield Marlien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBeing able to successfully self‐regulate one's activity levels is a key adaptation strategy for many people with chronic pain. This study aimed to explore the clinical utility of a mobile health platform (Pain ROADMAP) for assisting with the delivery of a tailored activity modulation intervention for people with persistent pain.MethodsTwenty adults with chronic pain undertook 1‐week monitoring intervals which involved wearing an Actigraph activity monitor and entering pain, opioid use, and activity participation data into a custom‐made phone app. The Pain ROADMAP online portal integrated and analysed the data to detect activities that caused a severe pain exacerbation and provided summary statistics pertaining the data collected. As part of a 15‐week treatment protocol, participants received feedback from three dispersed Pain ROADMAP monitoring periods. Treatment focused on adapting pain‐provoking activities, gradually increase goal‐related activity and optimizing routine.ResultsResults revealed good participant acceptability of monitoring procedures and reasonable adherence to both monitoring procedures and clinical follow‐up appointments. Preliminary efficacy was established through clinically meaningful decreases in overactivity behaviour, pain variation, opioid use, depression, activity avoidance, and increases in productivity. No adverse outcomes were observed.ConclusionThe results of this study provide initial support for the clinical utility of mHealth assisted activity modulation interventions that involve remote monitoring.SignificanceThis is the first study to demonstrate how mHealth innovations that utilise ecological momentary assessment can be successfully integrated with wearable technologies to provide a tailored activity modulation intervention that is both highly valued by people with chronic pain and assists individuals to make constructive behavioural changes. Adaptions such as low costs sensors, increased customisability and gamification may be important for enhanced uptake, adherence and scalability.
β‐Cyclodextrin and folic acid host–guest interaction binding parameters determined by Taylor dispersion analysis and affinity capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Dai Yuanli , Sun Chang , Yang Yunhe , Wang Shuanghao , Li Huihui , Chen David Da Yong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe thermodynamic properties of molecular recognition in host–guest inclusion complexes can be studied by Taylor dispersion analysis (TDA). Host–guest inclusion complexes have modest size, and it is possible to get convergent results fast, achieving greater certainty for the obtained thermodynamic properties. Cyclodextrins (CDs) and their derivatives can be used as drug carriers that can boost stability, solubility, and bioavailability of physiologically active substances. A simple and effective approach for assessing the binding properties of CD complexes that are critical in the early stages of drug and formulation development is needed to fully understand the process of CD and guest molecules’ complex formation. In this work, TDA was successfully used to rapidly determine interaction parameters, including binding constant and stoichiometry, between β‐CD and folic acid (FA) along with the diffusivities of the free FA and its complex with β‐CD. Additionally, the FA diffusion coefficient obtained by TDA was compared to the results previously obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance. Affinity capillary electrophoresis (ACE) was also used to compare the binding constants obtained by different methods. The results showed that the binding constants obtained by ACE were somewhat lower than those obtained by the two TDA procedures.
Effects of simmering time, salt and sugar addition on the flavour and nutrient release of Morchella soup
Authors: Fu Ruiqing , Wang Juan , Guo Yanyin , Wang Yujiang , Zhang Haijuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of different simmering times, salt and sugar addition on the quality of the Morchella soup. The change in the released contents of nutrients and flavour compounds in the Morchella soup within 120 min was studied. The automatic amino acid analyser, solid‐phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, phenosulphuric acid method, acid–base neutralization principle and 1,1‐dipheny2‐picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity were used to determine the changes in free amino acids, volatile flavour compounds, total sugar, titratable acids and antioxidant activities in the Morchella soup respectively. The results showed that the amount of amino acids, volatile flavour compounds, titratable acid, antioxidant capacity and total sugar in the Morchella soup were significantly higher at 40‐min simmering time than at other simmering times. At 40‐min simmering time, the salt and sugar addition increased the amounts of umami amino acids (54.33%, 23.48%) and total amino acids (40.83%, 20.02%), organic acids (211.6%, 127.74%), sulphur‐containing compounds (130.40%, 237.20%), titratable acids (43.3%, 16.7%), and total sugar (23.8%, 16.7%) and antioxidant activity (87.5%, 23.8%) in the Morchella soup respectively. This study revealed the influence mechanism of simmering time, salt and sugar addition on the Morchella soup and provided a basis for further processing the Morchella soup.
Prevalence of food thermometers usage and temperature control in restaurants in Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Javed Nargis Begum , AL‐Mohaithef Mohammed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Saudi Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs is planning to initiate a hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) system in restaurants and cafeterias to manage issues of food safety in Saudi Arabia. One of the most important elements in the HACCP system is the monitoring temperature of cooked and stored food. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and use of refrigerators/freezers and food thermometers among food handlers in local and international restaurants in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. A cross‐sectional study was conducted in municipality‐licensed restaurants. The temperatures of refrigerator and freezer were checked, and the survey form was completed by the researcher according to logbook entries. We then checked for the presence of a food thermometer, and if a functional thermometer was present, the chef was asked to complete an online questionnaire using Survey Monkey website on a tablet. The response rate of the survey was 68% (238/350 restaurants). We found that 88.1% of restaurants used a thermometer to check the temperature of their refrigerators and freezers. Thirty‐one restaurants (13.0%) had a regular temperature‐monitoring record available for both the refrigerator and freezer. International restaurants had significantly greater temperature‐monitoring data than local restaurants (88.1% vs 63.3%; p = .0001). The prevalence of food thermometers in restaurants was 53.4% (127/238 restaurants), with significantly higher prevalence in international restaurants than in local restaurants (96.6% vs 10.8%; p = .0001). The practice of using food thermometer “always” when meat turned brown was significantly associated with the chef's age and education level. The study results showed poor monitoring and documentation of refrigerator and freezer temperatures along with a low prevalence of food thermometer use. The study result provides an insight into one of the barriers to the implementation of the HACCP system in Dammam.
Contemporaneous and noncontemporaneous idiosyncratic risk spillovers in commodity futures markets: A novel network topology approach
Authors: Zhang Xu , Yang Xian , Li Jianping , Hao Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a new network topology approach to identify the contemporaneous and noncontemporaneous idiosyncratic spillovers of lower‐moment and higher‐moment risks in commodity futures markets using high‐frequency data. Our results show that contemporaneous information has more explanatory power in constructing a network than noncontemporaneous information, especially for higher‐moment risk spillover networks. In contemporaneous spillover networks, the role of one commodity future and the structure of the networks vary across different realized estimators. Specifically, gold, silver, and wheat are the main volatility and kurtosis risk transmitters, while corn and silver are the main skewness spillover transmitters. Agricultural futures markets are relatively closed in the volatility and kurtosis risk spillover networks, while in the skewness network, they become closer to precious metal futures. Furthermore, crisis events can enlarge the idiosyncratic volatility spillovers in commodity markets. The total spillover effects of higher‐moment risk are stronger than those of lower‐moment risk.
Predicting hospital emergency department visits accurately: A systematic review
Authors: Silva Eduardo , Pereira Margarida F. , Vieira Joana T. , Ferreira‐Coimbra João , Henriques Mariana , Rodrigues Nuno F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe emergency department (ED) is a very important healthcare entrance point, known for its challenging organisation and management due to demand unpredictability. An accurate forecast system of ED visits is crucial to the implementation of better management strategies that optimise resources utilization, reduce costs and improve public confidence. The aim of this review is to investigate the different factors that affect the ED visits forecasting outcomes, in particular the predictive variables and type of models applied.MethodsA systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. The review methodology followed the PRISMA statement guidelines.ResultsSeven studies were selected, all exploring predictive models to forecast ED daily visits for general care. MAPE and RMAE were used to measure models' accuracy. All models displayed good accuracy, with errors below 10%.ConclusionsModel selection and accuracy was found to be particularly sensitive to the ED dimension. While ARIMA‐based and other linear models have good performance for short‐time forecast, some machine learning methods proved to be more stable when forecasting multiple horizons. The inclusion of exogenous variables was found to be advantageous only in bigger EDs.
Implementation of probe rheology simulation technique in atomistically detailed molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Nourian Pouria , Peters Andrew J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe probe rheology simulation technique is a technique for measuring the viscosity of a fluid by measuring the motion of an inserted probe particle. This approach has the benefit of greater potential accuracy at a lower computational cost than other conventional simulation techniques used for the calculation of mechanical properties, such as the Green–Kubo approach and nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, and the potential to allow for sampling local variations of properties. This approach is implemented and demonstrated for atomistically detailed models. The viscosity of four different simple Newtonian liquids is calculated from both the Brownian motion (passive mode) and the forced motion (active mode) of an embedded probe particle. The probe particle is loosely modeled as a nano‐sized diamond particle: a rough sphere cut out of an FCC lattice made of carbon atoms. The viscosities obtained from the motion of the probe particle are compared with those obtained from the periodic perturbation method, and good agreement between the two sets of values is observed once the probe‐fluid interaction strength (i.e., in the pair‐wise Lennard–Jones interaction) is two times higher than their original values, and the artificial hydrodynamic interactions between the probe particle and its periodic images are accounted for. The success of the proposed model opens new opportunities for applying such a technique in the rheological characterization of local mechanical properties in atomistically detailed molecular dynamics simulations, which can be directly compared with or help guide experiments of similar nature.
Temporal dynamics of interoceptive attention and positive and negative affect in adults engaging in disordered eating and nonsuicidal self‐injury
Authors: Velkoff Elizabeth A. , Smith April. R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveInteroception (the sense of the body's state) is associated with eating disorders and nonsuicidal self‐injury, potentially through relationships with affect. We examined the relationship between interoceptive attention and both positive and negative affect.MethodsParticipants (N = 128) who reported recent self‐harm (i.e., disordered eating and/or non‐suicidal self‐injury) completed ecological momentary assessment for 16 days. Participants completed multiple daily assessments of affect and interoceptive attention. We then tested the temporal dynamic relationship between interoceptive attention and affect.ResultsThere was a relationship between positive affect and interoceptive attention such that people with higher average positive affect, and times when people were above their typical positive affect, were associated with higher interoceptive attention. There was a negative relationship between negative affect and interoceptive attention, such that people with higher average negative affect, and times when people were above their own typical negative affect, were associated with lower interoceptive attention.ConclusionsBetter mood may associate with greater willingness to attend to body sensations. Our findings support active inference models of interoception and highlight the importance of refining our understanding of the dynamic nature of interoception and its relationship with affect.
Use of Clinical Trial Simulations to Compare the Performance of Different Approaches for Population Analyses of Pediatric Pharmacokinetic Data
Authors: Temrikar Zaid , Muensterman Elena , Engelhardt Benjamin , Mohamed Mohamed‐Eslam F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe adequate characterization of the pharmacokinetics of a drug used in pediatrics is a mainstay of pediatric development programs and is critical for accurate dose selection in pediatrics. Analysis approaches can impact the estimation and characterization of pediatric pharmacokinetic parameters. Simulations were conducted to compare the performance of different approaches for analyzing pediatric pharmacokinetic data in the presence of extensive data from adult studies. Simulated clinical trial datasets were generated encompassing different scenarios that might be encountered in pediatric drug development. For each scenario, 250 clinical trials were simulated and analyzed using each of the following approaches: (1) estimating pediatric parameters using only pediatric data; (2) fixing specific parameters to adult estimates and estimating the remaining pediatric parameters using only pediatric data; (3) estimating pediatric parameters using adult parameters as informative Bayesian priors; (4) estimating pediatric parameters using combined adult and pediatric datasets with exponents for body weight effects estimated using adult and pediatric data; and (5) estimating pediatric parameters using combined adult and pediatric datasets with exponents for body weight effects estimated using pediatric data only. Each analysis approach was evaluated for its success in the estimation of true pediatric pharmacokinetic parameter values. Results demonstrated that analyzing pediatric data using a Bayesian approach generally performed best and had the lowest probability of significant bias in the estimated pediatric pharmacokinetic parameters among different scenarios evaluated. This clinical trial simulation framework can be used to inform the optimal approach for analyses of pediatric data for other pediatric drug development program scenarios beyond the cases evaluated in these analyses.