bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing and testing the usability, acceptability, and future implementation of the Whole Day Matters Tool and User Guide for primary care providers using think-aloud, near-live, and interview procedures
Authors: Morgan Tamara L. , Pletch Jensen , Faught Emma , Fortier Michelle S. , Gazendam Mary Kate , Howse Kelly , Jain Rahul , Lane Kirstin N. , Maclaren Kaleigh , McFadden Taylor , Prorok Jeanette C. , Weston Zachary J. , Tomasone Jennifer R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Canada’s 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults have shifted the focus from considering movement behaviours (i.e., physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep) separately to a 24-h paradigm, which considers how they are integrated. Accordingly, primary care providers (PCPs) have the opportunity to improve their practice to promote all movement behaviours cohesively. However, PCPs have faced barriers to discussing physical activity alone (e.g., time, competing priorities, inadequate training), leading to low frequency of physical activity discussions. Consequently, discussing three movement behaviours may seem challenging. Tools to facilitate primary care discussions about physical activity have been developed and used; however, few have undergone usability testing and none have integrated all movement behaviours. Following a synthesis of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep tools for PCPs, we developed the Whole Day Matters Tool and User Guide that incorporate all movement behaviours. The present study aimed to explore PCPs’ perceptions on the usability, acceptability, and future implementation of the Whole Day Matters Tool and User Guide to improve their relevancy among PCPs.

Methods
Twenty-six PCPs were observed and audio–video recorded while using the Tool and User Guide in a think-aloud procedure, then in a near-live encounter with a mock service-user. A debriefing interview using a guide informed by Normalization Process Theory followed. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed using content analysis and a critical friend to enhance rigour.

Results
PCPs valued aspects of the Tool and User Guide including their structure, user-friendliness, visual appeal, and multi-behaviour focus and suggested modifications to improve usability and acceptability. Findings are further discussed in the context of Normalization Process Theory and previous literature.

Conclusions
The Tool and User Guide were revised, including adding plain language, reordering and renaming sections, reducing text, and clarifying instructions. Results also informed the addition of a Preamble and a Handout for adults accessing care (i.e., patients/clients/service-users) to explain the evidence underpinning the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults and support a person-centered approach. These four resources (i.e., Tool, User Guide, Preamble, Handout) have since undergone a consensus building process to arrive at their final versions before being disseminated into primary care practice.
Prognostic values of tissue-resident CD8+T cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Lujun , Huang Hao , Huang Ziyi , Chen Junjun , Liu Yingting , Wu Yue , Li An , Ge Junwei , Fang Zhang , Xu Bin , Zheng Xiao , Wu Changping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Tissue-resident CD8+T cells (CD103+CD8+T cells) are the essential effector cell population of anti-tumor immune response in tissue regional immunity. And we have reported that IL-33 can promote the proliferation and effector function of tissue-resident CD103+CD8+T cells. As of now, the immunolocalization and the prognostic values of tissue-resident CD8+T cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) still remain to be illustrated.

Methods
In our present study, we used the tissue microarrays of HCC and ICC, the multicolor immunohistochemistry (mIHC), and imaging analysis to characterize the tissue-resident CD8+T cells in HCC and ICC tissues. The prognostic values and clinical associations were also analyzed. We also studied the biological functions and the cell–cell communication between tumor-infiltrating CD103+CD8+T cells and other cell types in HCC and ICC based on the published single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data.

Results
Our work unveiled the expressions of CD8 and CD103 and immunolocalization of tissue-resident CD8+T cells in human HCC and ICC. Elevated CD8+T cells indicated a better overall survival (OS) rate, implying that tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells in HCC and ICC could serve as an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, the number of CD103+CD8+T cells was increased in HCC and ICC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. HCC patients defined as CD8highCD103high had a better OS, and the CD8lowCD103low group tended to have a poorer prognosis in ICC. Evaluation of the CD103+CD8+T-cell ratio in CD8+T cells could also be a prognostic predictor for HCC and ICC patients. A higher ratio of CD103+CD8+T cells over total CD8+T cells in HCC tissues was negatively and significantly associated with the advanced pathological stage. The percentage of higher numbers of CD103+CD8+T cells in ICC tissues was negatively and significantly associated with the advanced pathological stage. In contrast, the higher ratio of CD103+CD8+T cells over total CD8+T cells in ICC tissues was negatively and significantly associated with the advanced pathological stage. In addition, single-cell transcriptomics revealed that CD103+CD8+T cells were enriched in genes associated with T-cell activation, proliferation, cytokine function, and T-cell exhaustion.

Conclusion
The CD103+ tumor-specific T cells signified an important prognostic marker with improved OS, and the evaluation of the tissue-resident CD103+CD8+T cells might be helpful in assessing the on-treatment response of liver cancer.
Massive hemothorax secondary to internal jugular vein central venous catheter placement in a patient undergoing spinal surgery complicated by chest trauma: a case report
Authors: Gong Tao-wu , Zhu Yu-hang , Zhao Peng-cheng , Zhang Fan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Placement of a central venous catheter (CVC) is a common procedure for spinal surgery and is relatively safe under ultrasound guidance.

Case presentation
We report the case of a 56-year-old female who underwent ultrasound-guided placement of an internal jugular vein CVC for fluid replacement during spinal surgery for thoracic vertebral burst compression fracture and multiple rib fractures as a result of a high-altitude fall injury. Hemothorax developed intraoperatively. During a thoracotomy, the tip of the CVC was found within the chest cavity. The presence of chest trauma may impact on clinician’s appreciation of the potential complications of internal jugular vein CVC placement.

Conclusion
The present case demonstrates the need for clinical awareness of the potential complications of CVC placement in patients with chest trauma and the need for adequate training in this technique.
Efficient online migration mechanism for memory write-intensive virtual machines
Authors: Li Pingping , Cao Jiuxin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOnline migration of virtual machines (VMs) is indispensable for system maintenance as it helps to achieve several resource management objectives such as load balancing, proactive fault tolerance, green operation, and resource management of data centers. The migration efficiency and reliability are two major challenges in the online migration of memory write-intensive VMs. For example, pre-copy migration transfers a large amount of data and takes a long time to migrate. This study proposes an efficient and reliable adaptive hybrid migration mechanism for memory write-intensive VMs. The mechanism optimizes the data transfer mode of the common migration method and improves the performance of conventional hybrid migration. First, the virtual machine (VM) memory data to be migrated are divided into dynamic and static data based on the bitmap marking method, and the migration efficiency is improved through parallel transmission based on different networks. Second, to accelerate the migration reliability, an iterative convergence factor is proposed to evaluate the current system load state and adaptively calculate the switching time of the migration mode for adaptive hybrid migration based on the convergence factor. Through adaptive hybrid migration can achieve migration completed successfully, shorten the post-copy migration duration, and minimize the impact on the performance of VMs. Finally, this paper implements the system prototype based on a kernel-based virtual machine (KVM), and experiments are performed using multiple memory write-intensive load VMs. The results show that the proposed migration algorithm can significantly improve migration performance and complete migration quickly to solve the pre-copy migration failure problem with a memory write-intensive load. Compared with the traditional hybrid migration with only one round of pre-copy, the proposed migration algorithm reduces the total migration time and transmits data by 23.2% and 26.7%, respectively.
Navigating the intersection of 3D printing, software regulation and quality control for point-of-care manufacturing of personalized anatomical models
Authors: Paxton Naomi C. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract3D printing technology has become increasingly popular in healthcare settings, with applications of 3D printed anatomical models ranging from diagnostics and surgical planning to patient education. However, as the use of 3D printed anatomical models becomes more widespread, there is a growing need for regulation and quality control to ensure their accuracy and safety. This literature review examines the current state of 3D printing in hospitals and FDA regulation process for software intended for use in producing 3D printed models and provides for the first time a comprehensive list of approved software platforms alongside the 3D printers that have been validated with each for producing 3D printed anatomical models. The process for verification and validation of these 3D printed products, as well as the potential for inaccuracy in these models, is discussed, including methods for testing accuracy, limits, and standards for accuracy testing. This article emphasizes the importance of regulation and quality control in the use of 3D printing technology in healthcare, the need for clear guidelines and standards for both the software and the printed products to ensure the safety and accuracy of 3D printed anatomical models, and the opportunity to expand the library of regulated 3D printers.
Contextual Standard Auctions with Budgets: Revenue Equivalence and Efficiency Guarantees
Authors: Balseiro Santiago , Kroer Christian , Kumar Rachitesh 
Published: April 2023

The internet advertising market is a multibillion dollar industry in which advertisers buy thousands of ad placements every day by repeatedly participating in auctions. An important and ubiquitous feature of these auctions is the presence of campaign budgets, which specify the maximum amount the advertisers are willing to pay over a specified time period. In this paper, we present a new model to study the equilibrium bidding strategies in standard auctions, a large class of auctions that includes first and second price auctions, for advertisers who satisfy budget constraints on average. Our model dispenses with the common yet unrealistic assumption that advertisers’ values are independent and instead assumes a contextual model in which advertisers determine their values using a common feature vector. We show the existence of a natural value pacing–based Bayes–Nash equilibrium under very mild assumptions. Furthermore, we prove a revenue equivalence showing that all standard auctions yield the same revenue even in the presence of budget constraints. Leveraging this equivalence, we prove price of anarchy bounds for liquid welfare and structural properties of pacing-based equilibria that hold for all standard auctions. In recent years, the internet advertising market has adopted first price auctions as the preferred paradigm for selling advertising slots. Our work, thus, takes an important step toward understanding the implications of the shift to first price auctions in internet advertising markets by studying how the choice of the selling mechanism impacts revenues, welfare, and advertisers’ bidding strategies. This paper was accepted by Itai Ashlagi, revenue management and market analytics. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4719 .
Measuring the Performance of a Training Nurse Angiographer
Authors: Hill Hayley 
Published: April 2023

Background/AimsIn considering whether the new role of nurse angiographer could be developed nationally, radiation exposure was focused on as a performance indicator to demonstrate if patients were positively or negatively impacted when compared to national benchmarks. Measuring this clinical performance indicator in the first 104 training cases would provide evidence to either adapt training to ensure improved clinical performance, or allow the role to be adopted in other hospitals.MethodsA quasi-experimental, retrospective, comparative audit was statistically analysed to compare a training nurse angiographer’s dose area product and screening time against the national X-ray diagnostic reference levels, to identify whether they could consistently perform coronary angiography safely within these parameters.ResultsThis audit provided reasonably robust evidence that appropriately experienced nurses can be trained in coronary angiography safely within the national diagnostic reference levels. This provides assurance that this new role does not negatively impact patients’ procedural outcomes and that existing measures in place provide satisfactory governance. This also indicates that robust background knowledge and pre-learnt motor skills are beneficial to any operator.ConclusionsAlthough this study contributes to research within this area, further research is needed to demonstrate the scope and benefits of this nursing role to a wider healthcare population.
The Effect of Partners on Smoking Cessation Among Patients with Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Lampridou Smaragda , Tavares Sara , Bassett Paul , Jennings Catriona Sian 
Published: April 2023

Background/Aims Patients with or at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease often continue smoking, despite being medically advised to quit. Comprehensive preventive cardiology interventions, including behavioural strategies and support mechanisms among partners, can be effective in smoking cessation. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of partners on the ability of patients with a high cardiovascular risk who smoke to achieve a smoke-free lifestyle. Methods A retrospective analysis of pre-existing data collected within preventative cardiology programmes (EUROACTION, EUROACTION plus, MyAction Westminster and MyAction Galway) was conducted. The success rate for quitting smoking among patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease and their partners was measured at the end of the programme. Results A total of 222 patients and their partners attended the initial assessment and the end-of-programme visits. At initial assessment, none of the patients and 55% of the partners met the European goal of smoking abstinence, while at end of the programme, 64% of patients and 75% of partners sustained abstinence. The probability of quitting smoking at 16 weeks was significantly higher (4.76) among couples who tried to quit together (P<0.001). Conclusions During preventive cardiology programmes, having the support of a partner could help patients to achieve smoking abstinence. Efforts to support patients to quit smoking should include partners where possible.
Forecasting atmospheric turbulence conditions from prior environmental parameters using artificial neural networks
Authors: Grose Mitchell G. , Watson Edward A. 
Published: April 2023

Atmospheric turbulence (C
n
2) modeling has been proposed by physics-based models, but they are unable to capture the many cases. Recently, machine learning surrogate models have been used to learn the relationship between local meteorological conditions and turbulence strength. These models predict C
n
2 at time t from weather at time t. This work expands modeling capabilities by proposing a technique to forecast 3 h of future turbulence conditions at 30 min intervals from prior environmental parameters using artificial neural networks. First, local weather and turbulence measurements are formatted to pairs of the input sequence and output forecast. Next, a grid search is used to find the best combination of model architecture, input variables, and training parameters. The architectures investigated are the multilayer perceptron and three variants of the recurrent neural network (RNN): the simple RNN, the long short-term memory RNN (LSTM-RNN), and the gated recurrent unit RNN (GRU-RNN). A GRU-RNN architecture that uses 12 h of prior inputs is found to have the best performance. Finally, this model is applied to the test dataset and analyzed. It is shown that the model has generally learned the relationship between prior environmental and future turbulence conditions.
Predicting Iran’s achievement to Sustainable Development Goal 3.2: A systematic analysis of neonatal mortality with scenario-based projections to 2030
Authors: Ebrahimi Narges , Shahin Sarvenaz , Koolaji Sogol , Ghanbari Ali , Mehdipour Parinaz , Masinaei Masoud , Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi , Rezaei Negar , Ghamari Azin , Malekpour Mohammad-Reza , Rezaei Nazila , Jamshidi Hamidreza , Larijani Bagher , Khosravi Ardeshir , Farzadfar Farshad 
Published: April 2023

Background
Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 (SDG 3.2) is to reduce Under-5 and neonatal mortality rates (U5MR and NMR), two major health systems’ performance indicators, globally by 2030. We aimed to report Iran’s U5MR and NMR status during 2010–2017 and its achievement of SDG 3.2 by 2030, using scenario-based projection.

Study design
To estimate the national and subnational levels of U5MR and NMR, we applied an Ensemble Bayesian Model Averaging (EBMA) with Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Spatio_temporal models. We used all available data sources including: 12-year data from the Death Registration System (DRS), two censuses, and a demographic and health surveys (DHS). This study employed two approaches, Maternal Age Cohort (MAC) and Maternal Age Period (MAP), to analyze summary birth history data obtained from censuses and DHS. In addition, we calculated the child mortality rate directly from DHS using the complete birth history method. National and subnational NMR was projected up to 2030 with a scenario-based method using average Annual Rate of Reduction (ARR) introduced by UN-IGME.

Results
In 2017, national U5MR and NMR were 15·2 (12·4–18·0) and 11·8 (10·4–13·2), with an average ARR of 5·1% (2·1–8·9) and 3·1% (0·9–5·8) during 2010–2017, respectively. According to our projection scenarios, 17 provinces have not fulfilled SDG 3.2 for NMR yet, and the current trend (the current trend of NMR improvement in Iran) will not result in reaching SDG for some provinces by 2030; However, if each province has the same neonatal mortality annual reduction rate as the best-performing province in the same region, besides achieving SDG, the national NMR will be reduced to 5·2, and almost 92,000 newborn lives will be saved.

Conclusions
Iran has achieved SDG3.2 regarding U5MR and NMR; however, there are provincial inequalities. For all provinces to reach SDG3.2, health policies should focus on reducing provincial inequalities by precise planning for neonatal health care.
Social and mental health impact of COVID-19 pandemic among health professionals of Gandaki Province, Nepal: A mixed method study
Authors: Paudel Shishir , Poudel Sujan , Khatri Dhurba , Chalise Anisha , Marahatta Sujan Babu 
Published: April 2023

Background
The frontline health workers are the key players in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, however, several incidences of attacks, stigmatization, and discrimination towards them have been reported throughout the world during the peak of infection. The social impact experienced by health professionals can alter their efficiency and also lead to mental distress. This study aimed to examine the extent of social impact experienced by health professionals currently working in Gandaki Province, Nepal along with the factors associated with their depression status.

Methods
This was a mixed-method study where a cross-sectional online survey was executed among 418 health professionals followed by in-depth interviews with 14 health professionals of Gandaki Province. The bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify the factors associated with depression at 5% level of significance. The information collected from the in-depth interviews was clustered into themes by the researchers.

Results
Out of 418 health professionals, 304 (72.7%) expressed that COVID-19 has impacted their family relationships, whereas 293 (70.1%) expressed that it impacted their relationships with friends and relatives, and 282 (68.1%) expressed it impacted their relationships with community people. The prevalence of depression among health professionals was noted at 39.0%. Being a female (aOR:1.425,95% CI:1.220–2.410), job dissatisfaction (aOR:1.826, 95% CI:1.105–3.016), COVID-19 impact on family relation (aOR:2.080, 95% CI:1.081–4.002), COVID-19 impact on relationship with friends and relatives (aOR:3.765, 95% CI:1.989–7.177), being badly treated (aOR:2.169, 95% CI:1.303–3.610) and experiencing moderate (aOR:1.655, 95% CI:1.036–2.645) and severe fear (aOR:2.395, 95% CI:1.116–5.137) of COVID-19 were found to the independent predictors of depression. It was noted that the pandemic has an effect on the social relations of health professionals in multiple ways.

Conclusion
This study noted that there is a significant impact of COVID-19 on health professionals in terms of their social and mental health aspects. The social impact experienced by health professionals is an important predictor of their mental health. The mental health and well-being of these vital workforces can be enhanced by focusing on the social aspect during the pandemic.