bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative intravenous clindamycin anaphylaxis following cutaneous acne gel sensitization
Authors: Miggins John James , Miggins Gabriella , Duke Penelope 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe describe perioperative anaphylaxis following intravenous clindamycin in two healthy adolescent patients with prior transcutaneous clindamycin sensitization. Prior to their third molar extractions, both patients were only previously exposed to clindamycin via topical acne gels, which primed their immune system for the observed response. Cognizance of the classic signs of anaphylaxis is paramount so that any procedure or infusion can be halted immediately, and the condition treated appropriately. We anticipate the frequency of such reactions to increase, particularly among adolescents, given the frequency of clindamycin use in oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures, the prevalence of third molar extractions among the paediatric population, and the widespread topical antibiotic use in acne treatments that can sensitize the immune system for anaphylaxis upon internal antigen reintroduction.
A severe manifestation of extensive multifocal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease) and the role of CO2 laser as a treatment modality: A case report
Authors: Darkazali Raneem , Almulke Shahed Alhayat , Alkari Sara , Aljoujou Abeer A. , Hamadah Omar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeck's disease or multifocal epithelial hyperplasia (MEH) is an uncommon asymptomatic contagious oral condition, usually attributed to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. It manifests as several smooth papules and nodules in the oral mucosa. The disease has a good prognosis, as it is spontaneously regressing, but some cases persist and affect the quality of the patient's life, requiring therapeutic intervention. We present an unusual case of extensive multifocal epithelial hyperplasia. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to be reported with this severity and widespreadness of the lesions. A 14‐ year‐old girl was referred to the department of oral medicine at the faculty of dental medicine, with a chief complaint of numerous nodules and papules, appeared since she was 6 years old. The diagnosis of Heck's disease was confirmed depending on clinical characteristics, histopathological examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies test and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for human papillomavirus Immunoglobulin G (IgG) were performed. Depending on the extensive clinical situation, the decision was made to treat the patient using carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. Heck's disease is a human papillomavirus‐related oral condition. The diagnosis can be confirmed depending on both clinical and histopathological characteristics in addition to immunohistochemical staining. In this case, CO2 laser showed good functional and aesthetic results that reflected positively on the quality of the patient's life.
Quantitative Analysis of Deformity in Digital Model of Congenital Radioulnar Synostosis
Authors: Yang Chen , Liu Lu , Wei Qipei , Bai Fan , Chen Shanlin 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe deformity of congenital radioulnar synostosis is quite complicated and difficult. This study aims to find out the related factors of the “forearm rotation angle” (FR) which relate to the severity of congenital radioulnar synostosis (CRUS), and try to quantify the internal relations of each deformity and help to understand the reconstruction method in surgery treatment of this disease.MethodsThis study is case series research. We established 48 digital three‐dimensional forearm bone models of 48 patients with congenital radioulnar synostosis classified as Cleary and Omer type 3. All the patients were treated at our institution from January 2010 to June 2016. In total, 10 independent deformities (the rotation angle of forearm; the internal rotation, radial, and dorsal angulation of radius and ulna; the relative length of osseous fusion at PRUJ; the relative dislocation distance of distal radioulnar joint; the relative area of proximal radial epiphysis) involved in the CRUS complex deformity were measured. Pearson correlation analysis for each deformity which was mentioned above was performed, and multivariate linear regression analysis was also performed with FR as the dependent variable and the other deformities as the influential factors.ResultsThe “dorsal angle of radius” (DAR, 21.69° ± 21.55°) had the strongest correlation with the FR (79.72° ± 40.39°), the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.601 (p < 0.01), the internal rotation angle of the radius (IRAR, 82.69° ± 54.98°) had a moderate correlation with FR, the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.552 (p < 0.01). A forearm deformity equation was established: FR = 35.896 + 0.271 DAR + 0.989 IRAR.ConclusionThe dorsal angulation deformity of radius may be the most important deformity that effects the severity of CRUS and should be correct in the first place during reconstruction operation.
Genotypic characterization of Phytophthora infestans populations in Bangladesh
Authors: Wharton Phillip , Dangi Sandesh , Begum Most M. , Douches David , Hokanson Karen E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLate blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is an economically important disease of potato that causes significant yield losses, with severe outbreaks regularly occurring in Bangladesh. The objective of this study was to do a large‐scale survey of potato fields in the main potato‐growing divisions of Bangladesh examining genotypic diversity of P. infestans populations. A total of 160 samples were collected in 2018 from both potato (n = 140) and tomato (n = 20). Isolates were mainly collected on FTA cards (n = 143), but 17 were also collected and isolated into pure culture. Microsatellite analysis revealed high levels of subclonal diversity in P. infestans populations with 116 multilocus genotypes recorded from 160 samples. Comparisons with standards of European and US isolates showed that 74% of samples could be categorized as genotype EU_13_A2, 7% clustered near EU_6_A1 and EU_1_A1, and 19% were unique. Discriminant analysis of principal components showed that the P. infestans population clustered into four distinct groups: a main group that contained most of the samples from potato, two distinct tomato groups and one group of samples originating from the division of Mymensingh. Of 17 isolates from cultures, 16 were EU_13_A2 and one was EU_6_A1; 15 were insensitive to metalaxyl‐M. Out of 160 samples, 158 were categorized as mating type A2 and two as mating type A1. These results indicate that Bangladesh populations of P. infestans from potato, like those from neighbouring countries, are dominated by genotype EU_13_A2. However, populations from tomato were distinct and appear to be specific to tomato.
Pain perception and physiological responses are modulated by active support from a romantic partner
Authors: Mazza Alessandro , Ciorli Tommaso , Mirlisenna Ilaria , D'Onofrio Ilenia , Mantellino Silvia , Zaccaria Martina , Pia Lorenzo , Dal Monte Olga 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs social animals, humans are strongly affected by social bonds and interpersonal interactions. Proximity and social support from significant others may buffer the negative outcomes of a painful experience. Several studies have investigated the role of romantic partners' support in pain modulation, mostly focusing on tactile support and showing its effectiveness in reducing pain perception. Nevertheless, no study so far has investigated the role of supportive speaking on pain modulation, nor has compared the effects of a tactile and vocal support within the same couples. The present study directly compared for the first time the efficacy of mere presence (Passive Support) and different forms of active (Touch, Voice, Touch + Voice) support from a romantic partner during a painful experience in a naturalistic setting. We assessed pain modulation in 37 romantic couples via both subjective (self‐reported ratings) and physiological (skin conductance) measurements. We found that all three types of active support were equally more effective than passive support in reducing the painful experience at both subjective and physiological levels; interestingly, our results suggest that supportive speaking can reduce pain perception with respect to passive support to a similar extent as tactile support does. Overall, this study highlights the relevance of an active support in reducing pain perception, with active types of support being more effective than passive support, regardless of its specific modality.
Institutional difference and foreign direct investment location choice: Evidence from China
Authors: Che Yi , Du Julan , Lu Yi , Tao Zhigang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResting upon an extensive data set on foreign invested enterprises (FIEs) in China, we investigate the role of institutional difference in determining the locational choice of foreign direct investment (FDI). Estimation results using firm‐level discrete choice model suggest that FIEs from source countries that are more remote institutionally from the Chinese mainland exhibit a higher degree of sensitivity to regional economic institutions in their choice of FDI location. Furthermore, we find that FIEs coming from countries with better institutions than China are more sensitive to the institutional difference. Interestingly, we find that the deterrent effect of institutional distance on FDI entry is mitigated for FIEs coming from countries with more ethnic Chinese individuals in their overall populations.
Experiencer intervention in English tough movement: Evidence from extraction of the tough adjective against syntactic‐ and semantic‐intervention accounts
Authors: Salzmann Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt was first observed over a decade ago that the presence of experiencers leads to degradation in English tough movement. In the literature, this has been linked to either syntactic or semantic intervention. I will show that a crucial piece of data has been ignored in this debate, the possibility of extracting the tough adjective without the nonfinite CP. Under previous approaches, this seems to require extraposition of the CP. However, once extraposition is possible, the intervention configuration can no longer be prevented. I will argue instead that the restrictions on experiencer placement can be accounted for if the nonfinite CP is instead projected as an external argument and if null‐operator clauses of this type cannot be extraposed. The “intervention” effect thus turns out to be completely unrelated to intervention but rather follows from basic word‐order properties of the language.
Characterizing Aerosol Generating Procedures with Background Oriented Schlieren
Authors: Howard Nelson Scott , Alrefaie Abdul , Mejia Nicholas A. , Ugbeye Tosan , Schmidt Bryan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The potential for characterizing aerosol generating procedures (AGPs) using background oriented schlieren (BOS) flow visualization was investigated in two clinical situations. A human-scale BOS system was used on a manikin simulating jet ventilation and extubation. A novel approach to representation of the BOS images using line integral convolution allows direct evaluation of both magnitude and direction of the refractive index gradient field. Plumes issuing from the manikin's mouth were clearly visualized and characterized in both experiments, and it is recommended that BOS be adapted into a clinical tool for risk evaluation in clinical environments.
Turbine Endwall Contouring Through Advanced Optimization Techniques
Authors: Burigana M. , Verstraete T. , Lavagnoli S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNon-axisymmetric endwall profiling offers features to simultaneously mitigate aerodynamic losses and hot gas ingestion in axial turbines. This paper presents an optimization methodology to generate a contoured surface integrated with real geometrical effects such as blade fillets and a rim seal channel with the aim of achieving higher efficiencies while reducing hot gas ingestion. The contoured rotor platform is constructed using a B-spline surface clamped in the axial direction. In the azimuthal direction, the surface is unclamped to allow geometrical continuity across the periodic boundaries. The endwall parameterization is used to optimize a rotor hub platform of a high-pressure turbine stage. A differential evolution optimizer is used to rank individuals in terms of efficiency. The single-objective optimization is set to maximize the aerodynamic efficiency and it is defined such that it accounts for the flow non-uniformity through a mixed-out averaging procedure. Engine representative conditions typical of a two-stage high-pressure turbine are used as boundary conditions. Geometrical and aerodynamic constraints are set to guarantee a fair comparison among individuals and to meet engine requirements. Two surface parameterizations, which use a different number of design variables but share the same construction strategy, are presented to show the trade-off between the number of degrees-of-freedom and the aerodynamic improvement. Different purge flow conditions are considered to assess the robustness of the optimization results at off-design conditions for relevant geometries. The aim of this paper is to show the advanced shape flexibility of the implemented parameterization for contoured platforms featuring technological effects such as blade fillet and rim seal channel. The work provides design guidelines to setup engine-realistic constraints for endwall contour optimization of turbine stages.
Control of Pneumatic Artificial Muscle Actuated Two Degrees-of-Freedom Robot Using PD-Based Pulse Width Modulation Strategy With Feed-Forward Outer Control Loop
Authors: Maurya Sushant , Dutta Ashish 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work presents a novel approach for the design and control of a two degrees-of-freedom (DOF) robotic manipulator driven by one pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM) and one passive spring for each of its DOFs. The required air pressure is supplied to the PAMs using fast-switching on/off type pneumatic flow control valves. The proposed control architecture uses a proportional-derivative (PD) controller with a feed-forward term in the outer control loop to correct the position errors using an approximate model of the system dynamics and approximate PAM force-contraction characteristics. An inner pressure regulator loop tracks the reference pressure signals supplied by the outer loop using a pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme to control the pneumatic valves based on the approximated inflation–deflation characteristics for the given pneumatic flow circuit. The proposed controller is unique for PAM actuated robots that simultaneously consider three levels of complications, namely, coupled dynamics of multi-degrees-of-freedom system, non-linearities in the force-contraction characteristics of PAMs, and non-linearities involved in the use of on/off type pneumatic flow control valves. Experiments carried out using a laboratory prototype validate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Predictors of Physical Activity Levels in Ambulant/Semiambulant Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy: A Clinical Cohort Study
Authors: Fonvig Christina Esmann , Troelsen Jens , Brønd Jan Christian , Möller Sören , Holsgaard-Larsen Anders 
Published: March 2023

Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) show a reduced physical activity (PA) level compared with their typically developed peers. This study aimed to identify potential predictors of objectively evaluated habitual PA using data from a national clinical registry—the Cerebral Palsy Follow-Up Program (CPFP)—and proxy-reported questionnaires. Data from the CPFP database showed that female sex was associated with a lower PA level. Additional questionnaire data revealed age, popliteal angle limitation, Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument–Sports and Physical Functioning Scale score, screen time, Functional Mobility Scale score at 50 m, and fatigue as predictors. The proposed models can be used for the prediction and early detection of the PA level and consequently for the potential improvement among ambulant/semiambulant individuals with CP. Further research should investigate the predictive impact of personal, social, and environmental factors on the PA level and the gap in PA levels between girls and boys.
Dimensions of Physical Activity Are Important in Managing Anxiety in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ofosu Esther Frema , de Nys Len , Connelly Jenni , Ryde Gemma Cathrine , Whittaker Anna C. 
Published: March 2023

Physical activity (PA) is a known approach for managing anxiety symptoms in older adults. This systematic review and meta-analysis address the benefits of PA and its dimensions (frequency, session time, type, and intervention period) on anxiety symptoms in older adults aged 65 years and above. Searches covered eight databases reporting eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and five non-RCTs. Meta-analysis of RCTs (standardized mean difference = −0.41; 95% confidence interval [−0.58, −0.24]; p < .00001) and Fisher’s method of combining p values for non-RCTs supported the effectiveness of PA for managing anxiety symptoms in older adults. Subgroup analysis revealed significant effects for all PA types, session times, frequency, and intervention periods compared with control groups, albeit with different magnitudes of effect. In conclusion, although some dimensions of PA contribute to its effectiveness for anxiety, PA intensity and mode required to maximize PA effects remain unclear.
Effect of digital health, biomarker feedback and nurse or midwife-led counselling interventions to assist pregnant smokers quit: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tahan Chadi , Dobbins Timothy , Hyslop Fran , Lingam Raghu , Richmond Robyn 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of digital health (DH), biomarker feedback (BF) and nurse or midwife-led counselling (NoMC) interventions on abstinence in pregnant smokers during pregnancy and postpartum.SettingsAny healthcare setting servicing pregnant women, including any country globally.ParticipantsPregnant women of any social, ethnic or geographical background who smoke.MethodsWe searched Embase, Medline, Web Of Science, Google Scholar, PsychINFO, CINAHL and PubMed between 2007 and November 2021. We included published original intervention studies in English with comparators (usual care or placebo). Two independent assessors screened and abstracted data. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis, assessed risk of bias with the Cochrane Tool and used Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation to assess the quality of evidence.ResultsWe identified 57 studies and included 54 in the meta-analysis. Sixteen studies assessed DH (n=3961), 6 BF (n=1643), 32 NoMC (n=60 251), 1 assessed NoMC with BF (n=1120) and 2 NoMC with DH interventions (n=2107). DH interventions had moderate certainty evidence to achieve continuous abstinence (CA) at late pregnancy (4 studies; 2049 women; RR=1.98, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.64, p=0.03) and low certainty evidence to achieve point prevalence abstinence (PPA) postpartum (5 studies; 2238 women; RR=1.46, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.02, p=0.02). NoMC interventions had moderate certainty evidence to achieve PPA in late pregnancy (15 studies; 16 234 women; RR=1.54, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.06, p<0.01) and low certainty evidence to achieve PPA postpartum (13 studies; 5466 women; RR=1.79, 95% CI 1.14 to 2.83, p=0.01). Both DH and BF interventions did not achieve PPA at late pregnancy, nor NoMC interventions achieve CA postpartum. The certainty was reduced due to risk of bias, heterogeneity, inconsistency and/or imprecision.ConclusionNoMC interventions can assist pregnant smokers achieve PPA and DH interventions achieve CA in late pregnancy. These interventions may achieve other outcomes.
Diagnostic accuracy of heart auscultation for detecting valve disease: a systematic review
Authors: Davidsen Anne Herefoss , Andersen Stian , Halvorsen Peder Andreas , Schirmer Henrik , Reierth Eirik , Melbye Hasse 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy in detecting valvular heart disease (VHD) by heart auscultation, performed by medical doctors.Design/methodsA systematic literature search for diagnostic studies comparing heart auscultation to echocardiography or angiography, to evaluate VHD in adults, was performed in MEDLINE (1947–November 2021) and EMBASE (1947–November 2021). Two reviewers screened all references by title and abstract, to select studies to be included. Disagreements were resolved by consensus meetings. Reference lists of included studies were also screened. The results are presented as a narrative synthesis, and risk of bias was assessed using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2.Main outcome measuresSensitivity, specificity and likelihood ratios (LRs).ResultsWe found 23 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Auscultation was compared with full echocardiography in 15 of the articles; pulsed Doppler was used as reference standard in 2 articles, while aortography and ventriculography was used in 5 articles. One article used point-of-care ultrasound. The articles were published from year 1967 to 2021. Sensitivity of auscultation ranged from 30% to 100%, and specificity ranged from 28% to 100%. LRs ranged from 1.35 to 26. Most of the included studies used cardiologists or internal medicine residents or specialists as auscultators, whereas two used general practitioners and two studied several different auscultators.ConclusionSensitivity, specificity and LRs of auscultation varied considerably across the different studies. There is a sparsity of data from general practice, where auscultation of the heart is usually one of the main methods for detecting VHD. Based on this review, the diagnostic utility of auscultation is unclear and medical doctors should not rely too much on auscultation alone. More research is needed on how auscultation, together with other clinical findings and history, can be used to distinguish patients with VHD.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018091675.
Epigenetic clocks in neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Yang Tianmi , Xiao Yi , Cheng Yangfan , Huang Jingxuan , Wei Qianqian , Li Chunyu , Shang Huifang 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundBiological ageing is one of the principal risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases. It is becoming increasingly clear that acceleration of DNA methylation age, as measured by the epigenetic clock, is closely associated with many age-related diseases.MethodsWe searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases to identify eligible studies reporting epigenetic clocks in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and Huntington’s disease (HD).ResultsTwenty-three studies (12 for AD, 4 for PD, 5 for ALS, and 2 for HD) were included. We systematically summarised the clinical utility of 11 epigenetic clocks (based on blood and brain tissues) in assessing the risk factors, age of onset, diagnosis, progression, prognosis and pathology of AD, PD, ALS and HD. We also critically described our current understandings to these evidences, and further discussed key challenges, potential mechanisms and future perspectives of epigenetic ageing in neurodegenerative diseases.ConclusionsEpigenetic clocks hold great potential in neurodegenerative diseases. Further research is encouraged to evaluate the clinical utility and promote the application.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022365233.