bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cation diffusion facilitator proteins of Beta vulgaris reveal diversity of metal handling in dicotyledons
Authors: Alejandro Santiago , Meier Bastian , Hoang Minh Thi Thanh , Peiter Edgar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractManganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) are essential for diverse processes in plants, but their availability is often limiting or excessive. Cation diffusion facilitator (CDF) proteins have been implicated in the allocation of those metals in plants, whereby most of our mechanistic understanding has been obtained in Arabidopsis. It is unclear to what extent this can be generalized to other dicots. We characterized all CDFs/metal tolerance proteins of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris spp. vulgaris), which is phylogenetically distant from Arabidopsis. Analysis of subcellular localization, substrate selectivities, and transcriptional regulation upon exposure to metal deficiencies and toxicities revealed unexpected deviations from their Arabidopsis counterparts. Localization and selectivity of some members were modulated by alternative splicing. Notably, unlike in Arabidopsis, Mn‐ and Zn‐sequestrating members were not induced in Fe‐deficient roots, pointing to differences in the Fe acquisition machinery. This was supported by low Zn and Mn accumulation under Fe deficiency and a strikingly increased Fe accumulation under Mn and Zn excess, coinciding with an induction of BvIRT1. High Zn load caused a massive upregulation of Zn‐BvMTPs. The results suggest that the employment of the CDF toolbox is highly diverse amongst dicots, which questions the general applicability of metal homeostasis models derived from Arabidopsis.
The Effect of Mean Tension on Fatigue of Mooring Chain for a 12 MW Semi-Submersible Wind Turbine
Authors: Kvittem Marit , Bergmann Ludvik Kjosås 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recently published studies have documented a significant mean load effect on fatigue capacity for offshore mooring chains, showing that a reduction of mean loads gives an increase in fatigue life. Standard design practice has been to base S-N fatigue design curves on tests carried out at 20% of the chain minimum breaking load (MBL). These curves are then used to compute damage for all tension cycles, regardless of their actual mean value.
This paper investigates the mean load dependency in mooring chains for the INO WINDMOOR 12 MW floating offshore wind turbine by describing the mean load tension associated with each stress cycle in two different ways: The average of the maximum and minimum load in each cycle (cycle mean) and half-hour mean load. A parametrized S-N curve design approach developed by Fernández et al. was used to account for the mean tension.
With both methods for accounting for mean stress, the mean tension was below 20% MBL, for the least extreme load conditions. More extreme load cases caused half-hour means above 20% of MBL, and single cycle mean tensions were far beyond the 20% limit, and contributed with large fatigue damage. This caused some difference between the methods.
Compared to the DNVGL-OS-E301 S-N curve, a significant reduction in fatigue damage was seen for the mooring lines least affected by the extreme conditions (leeward). However, mean tensions beyond 20% of MBL in the windward line contributed to larger fatigue damage in extreme cases, and ended up with a total accumulated damage similar to the design curve base case. The validity range of the method was 7%–20%, and many observations were outside of this range.
Time-Domain Response-Based Structural Assessment of a FOWT – Buckling and Ultimate Strength Assessment
Authors: Moon Wonki , Shen Zhirong , Kyoung Johyun , Lee Hyungtae , Lee Mugyeom , Baquet Aldric , Song Kanghyun , Kim Booki , Kim Jang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
For more economic power generation, the blade size of offshore floating wind turbine becomes bigger than floating substructure. Consequently, structural load from wind turbine to floating substructure under unsteady turbulent wind condition becomes more important for structural strength assessment. In conventional load-based structural strength assessment, the coupling effect between hull motion and turbine loading is ignored so that the strength assessment based on the conventional methods has high uncertainties. Therefore, class societies recommend fully coupled time-domain analysis of the floating offshore wind turbine and subsequent response-based structural analysis to assess the structural strength.
Present paper introduces an efficient time-domain structural analysis for buckling and ultimate strength assessment. For various design load cases, full-blown time-domain structural analyses are performed by mapping the aero-elastic, hydrodynamic, hydrostatic, inertial and mooring loadings to finite-element structural model. An efficient pseudo-spectral stress synthesizer based on ‘lodal’ response analysis is introduced to enhance the computational efficiency of time-domain structural analysis.
As an application, a floating offshore wind turbine platform designed for Korean offshore wind farm projects is used. Based on full-blown time domain structural analysis, buckling and ultimate strength assessments are performed following the Class Rule provided by Korean Register.
Numerical Investigation of Wave Following Mechanism of Shallow Draft Floating Wind Turbine
Authors: Riyanto Raditya Danu , Papadopoulos Jim M. , Myers Andrew T. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Offshore wind is a promising renewable energy source for many coastal populations, predicted to supply as much as 10% of global electricity by 2050. However, the technology has followed a cautious development path, using an onshore-style of turbine and tower, held steadily with an oil-industry type of platform. This approach has avoided major risks but is responsible for high costs, supply chain and infrastructure challenges, and relatively slow innovation due to the difficulties of offshore repair. It may now be appropriate to rethink that approach in search of lower cost and reduced infrastructure requirements.
This paper presents ongoing work on a light floating turbine concept that yaws like a ship at anchor, has a shallow draft, widely spaced buoyancy, and high center of gravity (CG), and holds the rotor both upwind and downwind. Rather than seeking to minimize wave disturbances, the design aims to stiffly follow water elevation by using shallow floats designed to prevent heave amplification. Regular and irregular motions of the system are studied for various mass distributions to identify deviations from the intended wave following motion.
Theorizing a 100% Wind Scenario for Powering the US Eastern Interconnect: Feasibility, System Design, and Lessons For a Higher-Wind-Penetration Future
Authors: Feltis Michael , Wolf Rebecca , Newberry William , Jenney Megan , Udenweze Aloysius , DuPont Bryony 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As renewable energy sources such as wind and solar begin to contribute a majority share of energy generation and supply, solutions for matching variable power demand to the intermittent supply of generation becomes increasingly pressing. Although it is understood that a composite solution of grid upgrades, energy storage, and advanced power electronics will be needed to account for this issue, the exact scope of the problem is not well defined. By analyzing the Eastern Interconnection (EIC) as though it were powered entirely by new 15 MW offshore wind by 2050, we can place a ceiling on the future costs and quantities of offshore wind for the EIC. This includes turbine capital and O&M turbine costs, storage methodologies, power electronics, and grid restructuring. These amounts are based on previously-determined EIC 2050 power demand projections [1]. The figures produced in these analyses are comparable to current investments made in all energy sectors, and provide context for investments in renewable energy generation methods including offshore wind in the future.
Estimation of Most Probable Maximum Mooring Tensions for FOWT in Shallow Water US East Coast Environments
Authors: Saleh Samer , Alshuwaykh Ahmed , Akers Richard , Thiagarajan Krish , Koo Bonjun , Kim Hyoungchul , Laihomäki Tapio , Arwade Sanjay , Lackner Matthew , Samuelsson Lars 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The US East Coast has several leased wind energy sites in water depths ranging from 60–100 m, where floating wind turbine systems are feasible. For these systems, designing suitable mooring systems for shallow water depths within the constraints of surviving hurricane conditions can be challenging. This study analyzed a mixed chain-synthetic mooring systems to predict the maximum extreme position and effective tension for different cases. Synthetic ropes, which offer a low cost and superior performance alternative compared to chain and wire ropes, were utilized dominantly in our mooring design. In this study, we simulated the IEA 10 MW reference wind turbine on a semi-submersible floating offshore structure deployed at two sites: Nantucket, MA (WD (Water Depth) = 60 m), and Monhegan, ME (WD = 100 m). For each depth and each mooring configuration, we conducted detailed numerical simulations for three different load design cases DLC 1.6 50-yr return period, DLC 6.1 50-yr return period, and SLC I.1 500-yr return period. The inflow turbulence was based on the Kaimal spectrum with the mean wind speed and turbulent intensity based on individual load cases and return periods. The JONSWAP spectrum was used to model waves with different significant heights and peak periods based on individual load cases. A uniform current was used for all simulation cases. For extreme value predictions, three 1-hour simulations with different seed numbers for the SLC I.1 500-yr return period were performed. The MPME (most probable maximum extreme) value is an extreme value statistic commonly used in the offshore industry. The top 10% of the peaks above a threshold value were further analyzed using a Weibull distribution to obtain MPME values. The effects of mooring material, number of lines per column and the water depth on the MPME as well as cost issues are discussed in the paper.
Clinical academics’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study of challenges and opportunities when working at the clinical frontline
Authors: Trusson Diane , Rowley Emma , Bramley Louise 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis study explored the experiences of clinical academics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim was to identify challenges and benefits associated with returning to, or increasing hours at, the clinical frontline.DesignQualitative data were gathered from a combination of written responses to questions posed in an email and 10 semi-structured interviews between May and September 2020.SettingTwo higher education institutions and three NHS Trusts in the East Midlands of England.ParticipantsWritten responses were received from 34 clinical academics including doctors, nurses, midwives and allied health professionals. A further 10 participants were interviewed either by telephone or online, via Microsoft Teams.ResultsParticipants described challenges experienced in returning full-time to the clinical frontline. These included having to refresh or learn new skills and the pressure of managing the competing priorities of NHS and higher education institutions. Benefits of being on the frontline included having the confidence and flexibility to deal with an evolving situation. Also, the ability to quickly assess and communicate the latest research and guidance to colleagues and patients. In addition, participants reported identifying areas for research during this time.ConclusionClinical academics can contribute their knowledge and skills to frontline patient care in times of pandemic. It is therefore important to ease that process in preparation for potential future pandemics.
Changing characteristics of post-COVID-19 syndrome: Cross-sectional findings from 458 consultations using the Stanford Hall remote rehabilitation assessment tool
Authors: Houston Andrew , Tovey C , Rogers-Smith K , Thompson K , Ladlow P , Barker-Davies R , Bahadur S , Goodall D , Gough M , Norman J , Phillip R , Turner P , Cranley M , O'Sullivan O 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundIn the UK, there have been multiple waves of COVID-19, with a five-tier alert system created to describe the transmission rate and appropriate restrictions. While acute mortality decreased, there continued to be a significant morbidity, with individuals suffering from persistent, life-restricting symptoms for months to years afterwards. A remote rehabilitation tool was created at the Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre (DMRC) Stanford Hall to assess post-COVID-19 symptoms and their impact on the UK military.This study aims to understand changes in post-COVID-19 syndrome between wave 1 and wave 2, identify interactions between alert level and symptoms and investigate any predictive nature of acute symptoms for postacute symptomology in a young, physically active population.MethodsCross-sectional study of 458 consecutive remote rehabilitation assessments performed at DMRC Stanford Hall between 2 April 2020 and 29 July 2021. Consultations were coded, anonymised, and statistical analysis was performed to determine associations between acute and postacute symptoms, and between symptoms, alert levels and waves.Results435 assessments were eligible; 174 in wave 1 and 261 in wave 2. Post-COVID-19 syndrome prevalence reduced from 43% to 2% between the waves. Acutely, widespread pain was more prevalent in wave 2 (p<0.001). Postacutely, there was increased anxiety (p=0.10) in wave 1 and increased sleep disturbance (p<0.001), memory/concentration issues (p<0.001) and shortness of breath/cough (p=0.017) in wave 2. Increasing alert level was associated with increased postacute symptom prevalence (p=0.046), with sleep disturbance increasing at higher alert level (p=0.016). Acute symptoms, including fatigue, sleep disturbance and myalgia, were associated with multiple postacute symptoms.ConclusionsThis study reports the overall prevalence and symptom burden in the UK military in the first two waves of COVID-19. By reporting differences in COVID-19 in different waves and alert level, this study highlights the importance of careful assessment and contextual understanding of acute and postacute illnesses for individual management plans.
ACLR and military service: time to rethink?
Authors: Cain David Charles , Parker P 
Published: January 2023

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common injury that affects young, active individuals, normally managed with reconstruction in this age group. Current UK Armed Forces policy precludes prospective applicants from joining with an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). This isdue to the perceived risk of premature osteoarthritis (OA), graft rupture or clinical failure, all of which could make the service person medically non-deployable.The most recent evidence shows that an ACL rupture without associated significant meniscal or osteochondral defect has a similar likelihood of developing OA as to that of the uninjured knee after reconstruction at 20 years postoperatively.Applicants should be considered for service following an ACL rupture without significant concurrent meniscal or osteochondral defect who have undergone ACLR and 18 months of rehabilitation. We recommend these applicants to be graded P2 Medically Fully Deployable (MFD) as per the Joint Service Publication (JSP) guidance for service personnel who undergo ACLR.
Multicenter Phase II Trial of the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib in RecurrentIDH1-andIDH2-mutant Glioma
Authors: Fanucci Kristina , Pilat Mary Jo , Shyr Derek , Shyr Yu , Boerner Scott , Li Jing , Durecki Diane , Drappatz Jan , Puduvalli Vinay , Lieberman Frank Scott , Gonzalez Javier , Giglio Pierre , Ivy S. Percy , Bindra Ranjit S. , Omuro Antonio , LoRusso Patricia 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 and IDH2 mutations (IDH1/2mt) are frequent in glioma. Preclinical studies suggest IDH1/2mts confer “BRCAness” phenotype, a vulnerability that can be targeted through PARP inhibition. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a multicenter study of olaparib monotherapy in patients with IDH1/2mt gliomas.Methods:Patients with recurrent, contrast-enhancing IDH1/2mt gliomas were enrolled in a two-step phase II trial; the primary endpoint was overall response rate per Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria. Olaparib 300 mg orally twice daily was given.Results:A total of 15 evaluable patients were enrolled. Histology was astrocytoma (N = 12) and oligodendroglioma (N = 3). Most toxicities were grade 1 or 2. Best response was stable disease (SD) in 9 (60%) patients. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.63 months and median overall survival was 20.7 months. For patients with SD, median PFS was 5.53 months; 4 patients had SD for &gt;6 months. Among patients with best response progressive disease (N = 6), 5 had grade 4 tumor and 4 had known CDKN2A alteration. PFS was 5.23 months for grades 2 or 3 tumors (N = 10) versus 1.8 months for grade 4 (N = 5; P = 0.0013).Conclusion:The study did not meet the prespecified response-based activity threshold for moving to step 2. However, prolonged SD was observed in patients with grades 2 and 3 histologies, suggesting olaparib monotherapy could be of clinical benefit in select populations. Grade 4 tumors per 2021 World Health Organization classification defined by histology or CDKN2A alteration derived no benefit from this drug, highlighting the usefulness of this classification for future patient stratification and trial design.Significance:A single-arm phase II trial of olaparib in IDH-mutant glioma demonstrated clinically significant prolonged SD for select patients with grade 2/3 disease, suggesting potential benefit of olaparib in IDH-mutant gliomas.
Capuchins, Missionaries, and Slave Trading in Precolonial Kongo-Angola, West Central Africa (17th Century)
Authors: Walden Justine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the second half of the seventeenth century, Italian Capuchin missionaries who traveled to West Central Africa both colluded in and critiqued Portuguese slave trading practices. Drawing from their experience on slave galleys in the Mediterranean and their medieval Franciscan heritage, Capuchins brought earlier concepts governing enslavement to bear in Central Africa. Examining Capuchin interventions in exchanges of goods and slaves, their declamations against Portuguese warmongering, their efforts to free unjustly enslaved Africans, and the ways in which they sought to prohibit slave sales to Protestants, this article positions this group of religious agents as important mediators of struggles for empire between the Portuguese, Dutch, British, French, and Spanish in precolonial coastal Africa and as protagonists in their own right. On the basis of the Capuchins’ critique of economic gain and the Kongolese embrace of Catholicism, Capuchins crafted a counter discourse that, if only partially successful, challenged emerging models of Atlantic enslavement.
Introduction: Maritime Missions
Authors: Gibbs Jenna M. , Juterczenka Sünne 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The global mission mandate, present in the New Testament and pre-modern Christianity, took on new force in the early modern period. Missionaries promoted the globalization of Christianity, and in so doing contributed to the broadening of intellectual horizons across the world. Often traveling by sea, they were among the first to cover the vast distances that the maritime empires of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries would subsequently span. This special issue explores the connections between three dynamic fields of research: missions, the history of knowledge, and maritime history. Taking a global and trans-denominational perspective, we seek to shed new light on some of the encounters, networks, exchanges, and transfers facilitated by maritime missions and the interactions of culturally and religiously diverse protagonists during the long eighteenth century.
Paving the Way for Dutch Colonial Missions: Jacobus Elisa Johannes Capitein (c. 1717–1747) and His Defense of Slavery in Context
Authors: Griesel Jake 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The ex-slave-turned-missionary Jacobus Capitein (c. 1717–1747) was one of the first Africans to study at a European university and the first to be ordained as a Protestant minister. Capitein is particularly known for his 1742 Leiden University dissertation, which defended slavery as compatible with Christian liberty. This has given rise to the question of whether Capitein should be considered an “Uncle Tom” who merely wrote what his benefactors wanted to hear.
This study contends that when his dissertation is considered in its historical- intellectual context, a more nuanced picture of Capitein emerges. By considering Capitein’s actual arguments, the missional agenda behind his dissertation, and the overwhelming corroboration afforded to his views by early modern Dutch theological and juridical sources, it argues that Capitein was an intellectual in his own right, who through his dissertation sought to pave the way for his return to Africa as a missionary.
On the definition of distinct mineral species: A critique of current IMA–CNMNC procedures
Authors: Hawthorne Frank C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe criteria for the definition of a new mineral species currently used by the Commission on New Minerals Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) of the International Mineralogical Association are critically examined. In particular, the rule of the dominant constituent can violate the laws of conservation of electric charge. A series of additional rules: (1) valency-imposed double site-occupancy; (2) the dominant-valency rule; and (3) the site-total-charge approach, have been developed in an attempt to correct this error. However, none of these rules can overcome the fundamental flaw introduced by the rule of the dominant constituent, and the chemical formulae resulting from application of these rules can violate the requirements of an end-member, particularly that of electroneutrality. As a result, the IMA–CNMNC rules cannot derive end-member formulae for some groups of minerals, giving rise to many ad hoc decisions in defining distinct mineral species.