bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of aspiration pneumonia (risk factors, treatment, diagnosis, prognosis) in Damascus Hospital between 2013 and 2022 (Retrospective study)
Authors: alkadri Ghina mhd ghiath zhahed , alkadri sedra ahmed , Fawares Maamoun AL- , Bardan Housam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: Due to the lack of biomarkers, epidemiological studies attempting to investigate aspiration pneumonia have been difficult, and this research aims to identify the risk factors for aspiration pneumonia, its pathogenesis, and their relationship to sex and age.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on fifty-five patients diagnosed with pneumonia during the period 1/1/2013 and 1/1/2022 from hospital patients in Damascus. All information in the patients' files was taken. Laboratory measurements and x-ray reports were taken and recorded in scientific forms. A group of patients who were admitted to Damascus hospital were studied according to the following admission criteria. All patients are 18 years of age or older. Pneumonia with significant clinical suspicion is inhalation.
While the exclusion criteria were as follows: patients under 18 years of age, damaged patients' files and files in which there was insufficient information to serve our study.
Results: The average age was 59 ± 12.891, and it was found that most of the patients are from the age group less than 65 years (50.9%), and the cases were distributed according to sex to (61.8% males), (38.2% females). 8 days, and with regard to medical history, the percentage of patients with diabetes and high arterial tension was the leading one, with rates of 22.5% and 31%, respectively.
conclusion: It was found that there was a statistically significant value between age and death, and it was found that there was no statistically significant value between sex and death, and it was found that there was no statistically significant value between the length of stay and death, and it was found that there was no statistically significant value between the length of stay and age.
Effects of climatic conditions and vegetation changes on actual evapotranspiration in Mu Us sandy land
Authors: Yang Liangyan , Shi Lei , Li Juan , Kong Hui , Wu Dan , Wei Jing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Based on the MOD16A3GF data, spatial regression analysis was conducted to explore the trends of the annual change of AET and the characteristics of its spatial distribution in Mu Us Sandy Land between 2001 and 2020. Combined meteorological data and NDVI data to analyze its effects on AET by trend analysis and correlation coefficient. The results showed that (1) The AET exhibited significant regional differences in Mu Us Sandy Land, with an overall low northwest and high southeast distribution pattern; (2) The AET showed a rapid upward trend from 2001 to 2020, with an average rate of change of 5.68 mm·a-1; (3) The correlation coefficient between AET and precipitation was 0.74, and there was no obvious correlation with temperature; (4) AET was consistent with the NDVI spatial distribution and interannual variation curves. Under the combined influence of precipitation and NDVI, AET increased significantly in Mu Us Sandy Land from 2001 to 2020. Precipitation was the main factor affecting climatic conditions of AET, and NDVI was the dominant factor affecting AET in the same period. This provides a theoretical basis and scientific basis for the conservation and protection of ecological water source in Mu Us Sandy Land.
Curcumin Supplementation and Vascular Health: Is Gut Microbiota Involved?
Authors: Laudani Samuele , Di Domenico Federica Martina , Paladino Nadia , Guerrera Ida , Grosso Giuseppe , Godos Justyna 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Curcumin is a polyphenol compound widely investigated for its potential health benefits. Clinical
evidence from randomized controlled trials shows substantial positive effects in healthy individuals but
contrasting results for patients with cardio-metabolic disorders. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiota
may play a role in curcumin transformation and absorption of more bioactive compounds, suggesting
that the baseline health status (or other unmeasured variables) may explain the observed variability of the
results.
Preparation and Evaluation of the In situ Gel-forming Chitosan Hydrogels
for Nasal Delivery of Morphine in a Single Unit dose in Rats to Enhance
the Analgesic Responses
Authors: Kamali Hossein , Tafaghodi Mohsen , Eisvand Farhad , Ahmadi-Soleimani S. Mohammad , Khajouee Mina , Ghazizadeh Hosnieh , Mosafer Jafar 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
In this study, an in situ gel-forming chitosan hydrogel was prepared with the
use of glutamate salt of chitosan (Ch-Ga), β-glycerophosphate (Gp), and morphine (Mor). The paper is
focused on in vitro physicochemical properties and in-vivo analgesic effects of the prepared chitosan
hydrogel.

Method:
The thermosensitive properties of prepared chitosan hydrogel were evaluated during the different
temperatures and times. The physicochemical properties of chitosan hydrogel were investigated by infrared
(IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). Also, its cell cytotoxicity effects were evaluated
in murine NIH/3T3 normal cells. Subsequently, the distribution of chitosan hydrogel in the nasal cavity of
rats and its analgesic responses were evaluated. The prepared chitosan hydrogel showed that it could be
gelled at the temperature of 34 °C before leaving the nose in the shortest possible time of 30 s.

Result:
The analgesic responses of the intranasal (IN) injection of chitosan hydrogel (IN-chitosan hydrogel,
10 mg Mor/kg) in a single unit dose in rat relative to the placebo and intranasal or intraperitoneal
(IP) injection of free morphine solution (IN-Free Mor or IP-Free Mor, 10 mg Mor/kg) via the hot plate
test, reveal that the IN-chitosan hydrogel could induce fast analgesic effects of morphine with maximum
possible effect (MPE) of 93% after 5 min compare to the IN-Free Mor and IP-Free Mor with MPE of
80% after 15 min and 66% after 30 min, respectively. Also, prolonged analgesic effects with MPE of
78 % after 6 h of injection were only seen in the IN-chitosan hydrogel injected group. The obtained
fluorescent images of rat’s brain injected with IN-chitosan hydrogel containing doxorubicine (Dox) as a
fluorescent agent showed that the mucosal adhesive and absorption enhancer properties of IN-chitosan
hydrogel resulting in longer presence of them in the nasal cavity of rats followed by more absorption of
Dox from the blood vessels of olfactory bulbs with a 74% color intensity compared to the IN-Free Mor
and IN-Free Dox with 15%.

Conclusion:
These data reveal that the IN-chitosan hydrogel could induce fast and prolonged analgesic
effects of morphine compare to the IN/IP-Free Mor, which could be considered as an in situ gel-forming
thermosensitive chitosan hydrogel for nasal delivery of wide ranges of therapeutic agents.
Transcription Factor EB: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Shao Jie , Lang Yue , Ding Manqiu , Yin Xiang , Cui Li 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:Transcription factor EB (TFEB) is an important endogenous defensive protein that responds to ischemic stimuli. Acute ischemic stroke is a growing concern due to its high morbidity and mortality. Most survivors suffer from disabilities such as numbness or weakness in an arm or leg, facial droop, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, confusion, impaired balance or coordination, or loss of vision. Although TFEB plays a neuroprotective role, its potential effect on ischemic stroke remains unclear. This article describes the basic structure, regulation of transcriptional activity, and biological roles of TFEB relevant to ischemic stroke. Additionally, we explore the effects of TFEB on the various pathological processes underlying ischemic stroke and current therapeutic approaches. The information compiled here may inform clinical and basic studies on TFEB, which may be an effective therapeutic drug target for ischemic stroke.
Impact of Precision Nutrition on Microbiota and Obesity
Authors: Merra Giuseppe , Gualtieri Paola , De Lorenzo Antonino , Capacci Annunziata , Frank Giulia , Dri Maria , Di Renzo Laura , Marchetti Marco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
The human body is colonized by trillions of microbes, that contribute to our health and
well-being. Many factors influence the composition and functions of the intestinal microbiota, including
the host's eating habits, which seem to have a significant effect. A healthy intestinal microbiota
is essential for proper metabolic function and homeostasis. Alterations in microbial composition
could dramatically cause obesity and diabetes, modifying and influencing host metabolism,
homeostasis, and central appetite mechanism. Brain reward signaling is mediated by the dopaminergic
mesolimbic system and plays an important role in the development of obesity. Dysregulation
of the energy balance causes obesity. Obesity is a serious health problem. The composition of the
intestinal microbiota influences various aspects of energy metabolism: digestion, food intake from
ingested foods, food components, and accumulation of excess fat. Therefore, the microbial community
can contribute significantly to the progression of obesity and its complications. A "tailored
nutritional approach" and more feasible and sustainable personalized nutritional strategies must be
developed to optimize the gut microbiome and improve host response.
Discovery of a Potential Allosteric Site in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
and Targeting Allosteric Inhibitor to Stabilize the RBD Down State using a
Computational Approach
Authors: Li Tong , Yan Zheng , Zhou Wei , Liu Qun , Liu Jinfeng , Hua Haibing 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a worldwide public health crisis. At
present, the development of effective drugs and/or related therapeutics is still the most urgent and
important task for combating the virus. The viral entry and associated infectivity mainly rely on
its envelope spike protein to recognize and bind to the host cell receptor angiotensin-converting
enzyme 2 (ACE2) through a conformational switch of the spike receptor binding domain (RBD)
from inactive to active state. Thus, it is of great significance to design an allosteric inhibitor targeting
spike to lock it in the inactive and ACE2-inaccessible state.

Objective:
This study aims to discover the potential broad-spectrum allosteric inhibitors capable
of binding and stabilizing the diverse spike variants, including the wild type, Delta, and Omicron,
in the inactive RBD down state.

Methods:
In this work, we first detected a potential allosteric pocket within the SARS-CoV-2
spike protein. Then, we performed large-scale structure-based virtual screening by targeting the
putative allosteric pocket to identify allosteric inhibitors that could stabilize the spike inactive
state. Molecular dynamics simulations were further carried out to evaluate the effects of compound
binding on the stability of spike RBD.

Result:
Finally, we identified three potential allosteric inhibitors, CPD3, CPD5, and CPD6,
against diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Wild-type, Delta, and Omicron variants. Our
simulation results showed that the three compounds could stably bind the predicted allosteric site
and effectively stabilize the spike in the inactive state.

Conclusion:
The three compounds provide novel chemical structures for rational drug design targeting
spike protein, which is expected to greatly assist in the development of new drugs against
SARS-CoV-2.
Four Decades of the Comet Assay: pH Optimum of Lysis Buffer Still Needs to be
Elucidated
Authors: Heneberg Petr 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
The proper course and reproducibility of diagnostic techniques depend on narrowly defined reaction conditions,
including the reaction pH. Nevertheless, numerous assays are affected by an inaccurately defined reaction pH.
Buffers are sometimes suggested for use outside their useful pH ranges, which complicates the reproducibility of results
because the buffering capacity is insufficient to retain the disclosed pH. Here, we focus on the comet assay lysis
buffer. Comet assay is broadly used for quantifying DNA breaks in eukaryotic cells. The most widespread comet assay
protocols employ lysis of the cells before electrophoresis in a buffer containing Triton X-100, a high concentration of
NaCl, sodium sarcosinate, EDTA, and Tris, with some modifications. However, nearly all researchers report that they
use Tris buffer at pH 10, and some report the pH of the Tris additive alone. Alternatively, others report the pH of the
final lysis buffer. However, the lysis solution used in the comet assay is buffered at a pH outside the useful range of
Tris. Tris-based buffers have a useful pH range of 7.0 - 9.0. The buffer composed of 10 mM Tris has pKa 8.10 at 25°C
and 8.69 at 4°C. The cell lysis conditions used in nearly all modifications of comet assay protocols remain imprecise
and uncritically employed. Despite the pH of the lysis buffer likely has negligible effect on the detection of DNA
breaks, precise lysis conditions are highly important for the use of comet assay in the detection of base modifications,
which are often unstable and sensitive to pH.
Biopolymers and their Nanocomposites: Current Status and
Future Prospects
Authors: Aggarwal Neha , Dhiman Dipti , Kaur Navalpreet , Kaur Harjinder , Arti Sonika 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
For many years, petroleum-based polymers have been successfully enhanced by
the addition of nanoparticles as additives. Carbon nanotubes, graphene, nanoclays, 2-D
layered materials, and cellulose nano whiskers are a few of the several nanoreinforcements
that are currently being researched. In comparison to unmodified polymer
resin, the use of these nanofillers with bio-based polymers could improve a wide range of
physical properties, including barrier, flame resistance, thermal stability, solvent uptake,
and rate of biodegradability. This nano-reinforcement is a very appealing method to create
new functional biomaterials for a variety of applications because these enhancements are
typically achieved at minimal filler content.
Impact of Molecular Building Blocks on Dynamic Nature of Novel
Biomimetic Drug Delivery Systems as Ufasomes and Ufosomes:
Modification in Structure and Surface Charge
Authors: Singh Lovepreet , Kaur Lakhvir , Singh Gurjeet , Kaur Manjeet , Dhawan R.K. , Kaur Navdeep , Khajuria Nitish , Singh Sarvpreet 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
This review is focused on the self-assembly of different molecular building blocks at var-ious levels of complexity. In this perspective, we present the basic concept and recent research on the self-assembly of fatty acids and their derivatives, surfactants, and cholesterol. In addition, we discuss the conditions for designing and stabilizing novel vesicular drug delivery systems and how the flux changes due to the molecular structure of building blocks. Furthermore, the article provides a brief discussion on fatty acid and oleate self-assembly, which is becoming an emerging nanotech-nology because of its ability to alter the dynamic nature of the skin. These structures have been shown to enhance the skin permeability of drugs and other active compounds, making them poten-tial candidates for transdermal drug delivery. In conclusion, the self-assembly of various molecular building blocks at different levels of complexity has significant implications in the fields of drug de-livery, cosmetics, and nanotechnology. The ability to control and manipulate the self-assembly pro-cess offers a wide range of possibilities for the design of novel and efficient drug delivery systems.
An Updated Review on Possible Therapeutic Role of Vincamine
Via 5-HT Receptors in the Treatment of Depression
Authors: Bee Rizwana , Ahmad Mohammad , Verma Shashi , Badruddeen  , Akhtar Juber , Khan Mohd. Irfan 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that regulates neuronal activity and a
variety of cognitive functions, and medicines that target serotonin receptors are frequently utilized
in psychiatry and neurology. Clinical and preclinical research on the role of serotonin in
major depressive disorder is growing. These findings demonstrate the intricacy of serotonin
transmission across multiple receptors, in a variety of brain areas, and across the lifespan. The
serotonin transporter's significance in major depressive disorder has been highlighted in geneenvironment
association studies, as well as its participation in the mechanism of the most successful
antidepressant medications, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. While most of the
15 known serotonin receptors have been linked to depression or depressive-like behaviour, the
serotonin 1A (5-HT) and 1B (5-HT) receptors have received the most attention.

Objectives:
The primary goal of this study is to review the antidepressant effect of herbal medications
by modifying serotonin receptors in the future.

Result:
Human brain imaging and genetic studies suggest that 5-HT and 5-HT receptors play a
role in major depressive disorder and antidepressant treatment response. The availability of
tissue-specific and inducible knockout mice lines in rodents has allowed for the detection of 5-
HT and 5-HT receptor involvement throughout development and in cell-type specific ways. It
may be found that herbal drugs will be effective as the serotonin reuptake inhibitors.

Conclusion:
This and other future preclinical pharmacology studies show that these receptors'
autoreceptor and heteroreceptor populations play different roles in modulating depressionrelated
behaviour and antidepressant responses, as well as having different functions during
early postnatal development versus adulthood. According to analysis of our research findings,
alkaloids may have some therapeutic promise as natural antidepressants. Given their widespread
distribution in nature, alkaloids might be a cheap way to treat depression.
Assessment of Traces of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in a Laboratory Setting Using
In vitro-Diagnostic RT-qPCR
Authors: Kumar Suresh , Pal Lal Chand , Choudhary Sahdev , Kumar Arbind , Kumar Sanjay 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The global incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection is now very low. Despite the
vaccination drive worldwide, the emergence of new omicron variants and their infection have been reported
in a few countries. It is now required to identify potential risks associated with the COVID-19
disease aftermath’s 3rd disease wave. During pandemic stages, the healthcare system bears a significant
burden in identifying early risk and providing early management to reduce infection.

Methods:
In this investigation, an attempt has been made to assess the laboratory risk of SARS-CoV-2
contamination. The samples were collected from the various blocks of the testing centre, including the
surface, floor, diagnostic instruments, solutions, and tap water, and then RNA was isolated and in vitro
diagnostic RT-qPCR was performed. A total of 316 samples were collected and analysed for the presence
of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Our findings confirmed that only four samples (1.77%) had ORF-1ab and E gene
signals, which indicated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The CT values for the E gene were 34.52
[IQR: 32.37-36.36] and 35.02 [IQR:34.25-35.76] for the ORF1-ab gene, respectively.

Results:
All four were taken from the surfaces, indicating that other parts were contamination-free. Very
few positive contaminations demonstrated that laboratory sterilising processes are fully functional and
effective.

Conclusion:
This study eventually provided more information about the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA
traces in the environment aftermath of 3rd disease wave of COVID-19, including diagnostic laboratories.
Curry Leaf: Traditional Herb and its Medicinal Profile, Multipotential
Nutraceutical Properties, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activity
Authors: Verma Abhishek , Patel Preeti , Singh Dilpreet , Singh Amrinder , Kurmi Balak Das 
Published: July 2023

:
This review briefly discusses about herbal medication, i.e., Murraya koenigii, also known as curry leaves, that have been useful in traditional medicine for centuries and natural products with different pharmacological activities. It might lead to a better knowledge of natural products' potential therapeutic effects and the creation of promising pharmaceuticals with minimal toxicity and great effectiveness for treating different ailments. The Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), Technological Periodical Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Google Scholar, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Sci Finder, and PubMed were used to compile the content of this review. From 1975 through 2020, data were collected. More than 23 components of M. koenigii have been discovered so far, with sterols, carbohydrates, flavonoids, and alkaloids causing the most concern. Due to its multicomponent nature, M. koenigii has a wide range of beneficial biological activities, including analgesic, anticancer, antioxidative, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antidiabetic activities, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. This review discusses the vast details of M. koenigii (Curry leaves) and its possible medicinal use for different therapeutic purposes. The plant incorporates other essential substances, as discussed, are beneficial to remedy and deal with several ailment cures that exhibit different pharmacological actions. The accumulated ethnopharmacological details of that plant may be further helpful for the upcoming research about the said properties and use of M. koenigii.
A Critical Appraisal of Lipid Nanoparticles Deployed in Cancer
Pharmacotherapy
Authors: Chakraborty Santanu , Dhibar Manami , Das Aliviya , Swain Kalpana , Pattnaik Satyanarayan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Treatment modalities of various cancers and the delivery strategies of anticancer agents
have evolved significantly in the recent past. The severity and fatality of the disease and hurdles to the
effective delivery of therapeutic agents have drawn the attention of researchers across the world for
proposing novel and effective drug delivery strategies for anticancer therapeutics. Attempts have been
made to propose solutions to the diverse limitations like poor pharmacokinetics and higher systemic
toxicities of the traditional delivery of anticancer agents. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems
including lipid-based nanocarriers have demonstrated significant efficiency in this scenario. The review
critically assessed the different types of lipid nanocarrier systems for the effective and optimal
delivery of anticancer therapeutic agents. The diverse synthesis approaches are discussed for the laboratory
scale and commercial development of different categories of lipid nanocarriers. Further, their
application in anticancer drug delivery is illustrated in detail followed by a critical appraisal of their
safety and toxicity.