bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of chatbots on lifestyle behaviours
Authors: Singh Ben , Olds Timothy , Brinsley Jacinta , Dumuid Dot , Virgara Rosa , Matricciani Lisa , Watson Amanda , Szeto Kimberley , Eglitis Emily , Miatke Aaron , Simpson Catherine E. M. , Vandelanotte Corneel , Maher Carol 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChatbots (also known as conversational agents and virtual assistants) offer the potential to deliver healthcare in an efficient, appealing and personalised manner. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of chatbot interventions designed to improve physical activity, diet and sleep. Electronic databases were searched for randomised and non-randomised controlled trials, and pre-post trials that evaluated chatbot interventions targeting physical activity, diet and/or sleep, published before 1 September 2022. Outcomes were total physical activity, steps, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), fruit and vegetable consumption, sleep quality and sleep duration. Standardised mean differences (SMD) were calculated to compare intervention effects. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess chatbot type, intervention type, duration, output and use of artificial intelligence. Risk of bias was assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment tool. Nineteen trials were included. Sample sizes ranged between 25–958, and mean participant age ranged between 9–71 years. Most interventions (n = 15, 79%) targeted physical activity, and most trials had a low-quality rating (n = 14, 74%). Meta-analysis results showed significant effects (all p < 0.05) of chatbots for increasing total physical activity (SMD = 0.28 [95% CI = 0.16, 0.40]), daily steps (SMD = 0.28 [95% CI = 0.17, 0.39]), MVPA (SMD = 0.53 [95% CI = 0.24, 0.83]), fruit and vegetable consumption (SMD = 0.59 [95% CI = 0.25, 0.93]), sleep duration (SMD = 0.44 [95% CI = 0.32, 0.55]) and sleep quality (SMD = 0.50 [95% CI = 0.09, 0.90]). Subgroup analyses showed that text-based, and artificial intelligence chatbots were more efficacious than speech/voice chatbots for fruit and vegetable consumption, and multicomponent interventions were more efficacious than chatbot-only interventions for sleep duration and sleep quality (all p < 0.05). Findings from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that chatbot interventions are efficacious for increasing physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, sleep duration and sleep quality. Chatbot interventions were efficacious across a range of populations and age groups, with both short- and longer-term interventions, and chatbot only and multicomponent interventions being efficacious.
NUP98 and RAE1 sustain progenitor function through HDAC-dependent chromatin targeting to escape from nucleolar localization
Authors: Neely Amy E. , Blumensaadt Laura A. , Ho Patric J. , Lloyd Sarah M. , Kweon Junghun , Ren Ziyou , Bao Xiaomin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSelf-renewing somatic tissues rely on progenitors to support the continuous tissue regeneration. The gene regulatory network maintaining progenitor function remains incompletely understood. Here we show that NUP98 and RAE1 are highly expressed in epidermal progenitors, forming a separate complex in the nucleoplasm. Reduction of NUP98 or RAE1 abolishes progenitors’ regenerative capacity, inhibiting proliferation and inducing premature terminal differentiation. Mechanistically, NUP98 binds on chromatin near the transcription start sites of key epigenetic regulators (such as DNMT1, UHRF1 and EZH2) and sustains their expression in progenitors. NUP98’s chromatin binding sites are co-occupied by HDAC1. HDAC inhibition diminishes NUP98’s chromatin binding and dysregulates NUP98 and RAE1’s target gene expression. Interestingly, HDAC inhibition further induces NUP98 and RAE1 to localize interdependently to the nucleolus. These findings identified a pathway in progenitor maintenance, where HDAC activity directs the high levels of NUP98 and RAE1 to directly control key epigenetic regulators, escaping from nucleolar aggregation.
An end-to-end deep learning framework for translating mass spectra to de-novo molecules
Authors: Litsa Eleni E. , Chenthamarakshan Vijil , Das Payel , Kavraki Lydia E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractElucidating the structure of a chemical compound is a fundamental task in chemistry with applications in multiple domains including drug discovery, precision medicine, and biomarker discovery. The common practice for elucidating the structure of a compound is to obtain a mass spectrum and subsequently retrieve its structure from spectral databases. However, these methods fail for novel molecules that are not present in the reference database. We propose Spec2Mol, a deep learning architecture for molecular structure recommendation given mass spectra alone. Spec2Mol is inspired by the Speech2Text deep learning architectures for translating audio signals into text. Our approach is based on an encoder-decoder architecture. The encoder learns the spectra embeddings, while the decoder, pre-trained on a massive dataset of chemical structures for translating between different molecular representations, reconstructs SMILES sequences of the recommended chemical structures. We have evaluated Spec2Mol by assessing the molecular similarity between the recommended structures and the original structure. Our analysis showed that Spec2Mol is able to identify the presence of key molecular substructures from its mass spectrum, and shows on par performance, when compared to existing fragmentation tree methods particularly when test structure information is not available during training or present in the reference database.
Les migrations agricoles participent-elles à la conservation de l’agrobiodiversité ? Cas de l’igname au Nord-Bénin, Afrique de l’Ouest
Authors: Egah Janvier , Bonou Alice , Baco Mohamed Nasser , Moumouni-Moussa Ismail , Kestemont Marie-Paule 
Published: June 2023

Les mouvements migratoires sont-ils favorables à la conservation de l’agrobiodiversité ? Cette étude apporte des éléments de réponse à travers une analyse des incidences des migrations sur l’agrobiodiversité de l’igname au Nord-Bénin. Un échantillon de 120 personnes (autochtones, migrants et non-migrants) a été constitué de façon raisonnée et par boule de neige. Les données sur les raisons des migrations, les variétés d’igname cultivées et les modes d’accès, les savoirs et savoir-faire de gestion de la biodiversité de l’igname et leur origine ont été collectées lors des entretiens individuels et des focus groups. L’analyse de discours, les tests de concordance de Kendall et t de Student ont été effectués sur les données collectées. L’insuffisance de terres cultivables et la baisse de la fertilité des terres sont les principales raisons des migrations rurales. Les migrants ont introduit 20 variétés d’igname et des pratiques associées dans la zone d’accueil, et 17 dans leur zone de départ lors de diverses visites après une quinzaine d’années de mouvements migratoires. Les adoptants de ces nouvelles variétés n’abandonnant pas les anciennes, leur portefeuille variétal est plus diversifié que celui des non-adoptants. Les migrations rurales contribuent à l’enrichissement de l’agrobiodiversité de l’igname. Elles apparaissent comme des canaux potentiels de diffusion de nouvelles variétés et de technologies pour les organismes de vulgarisation agricole. Une approche diachronique permettrait d’approfondir l’analyse des menaces de perte de l’agrobiodiversité à long terme en milieu paysan.
Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Proximal Hamstring Tendinopathies
Authors: Schroeter Sarah , Heiss Rafael , Hammer Christian Manfred , Best Raymond , Brucker Peter , Hinterwimmer Stefan , Grim Casper , Engelhardt Martin , Hotfiel Thilo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe proximal hamstring complex is a highly vulnerable area that is especially prone to injury. Proximal hamstring tendinopathies (PHTs) remain challenging in diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention due to a large variety of different injuries, slow healing response, persistent symptoms, and functional impairments. PHTs are often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed, leading to delayed treatment and therapy failure. In addition, many athletes are at a high risk of PHT recurrence, a leading cause of prolonged rehabilitation and impaired individual performance. Until now, there have been no clear criteria for the diagnosis and classification of PHT. Tendinopathies can be graded based on their symptoms and onset. Additionally, radiological characteristics exist that describe the severity of tendinopathies. The diagnosis usually includes a battery of pain provocation tests, functional tests, and imaging to ensure a proper classification. Understanding the specific tasks in the pathogenesis and diagnostic process of PHT requires knowledge of functional anatomy, injury pattern and pathophysiological mechanisms as well as examination and imaging techniques. This work provides a structured overview of the pathogenesis and diagnostic work-up of PHT, emphasizing structured examination and imaging to enable a reliable diagnosis and rapid treatment decisions.
Whitepaper: Training in Diagnostic and Interventional Breast Radiology
Authors: Sauer Stephanie Tina , Bley Thorsten Alexander , Wenkel Evelyn , Wujciak Detlef , Platz Batista da Silva Natascha , Landwehr Peter 
Published: June 2023

Purpose Breast imaging represents an integral part of radiology and is subject to strict quality controls. Regarding this, precise diagnostics including multimodal assessment by mammography, sonography, and MRI, including image-guided biopsy and localization procedures, is often decisive and must be performed by experts with profound knowledge and skills in all of these procedures.However, due to numerous restructurings, breast imaging has been shifted more and more towards large, specialized centers, resulting in less patient exposition and training opportunities for radiologists in smaller sites. The following whitepaper summarizes the current circumstances and discusses opinions of the participating societies.
Materials Under the leadership of the German Roentgen Society (DRG) and with the participation of the DRGʼs AG Mammadiagnostik, the CAFRAD (Chefarztforum Radiologie), the KLR (Konferenz der Lehrstuhlinhaber für Radiologie e. V.), the DRGʼs Forum Junge Radiologie (FJR) and the Berufsverband der Deutschen Radiologen e. V. (BDR), possible solutions were discussed and consented for a structured training in breast radiology in the future.
Results In addition to the teaching provided at the primary workplace, qualified training should be ensured through flexible, multi-institutional, interdisciplinary, and cross-sectoral collaboration. Furthermore, the integration of online case collections and close cooperation with certified breast cancer centers and mammography screening units is recommended. It is indispensible that online courses and case collections adhere to the standards of the national societies and include a maximum of one third of the required cases.
Conclusion In order to provide training in breast radiology at a high professional level, a paradigm shift with closer cooperation of all participants is necessary. This includes close collaboration of the breast imaging societies with the federal medical associations to establish new teaching concepts like e-learning in the training schedule of radiologists.
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Imaging in children with hearing loss
Authors: Sorge Ina , Hirsch Franz Wolfgang , Fuchs Michael , Gräfe Daniel , Dietz Andreas , Sorge Martin 
Published: June 2023

Background Since the introduction of hearing screening in Germany in 2009, pediatric hearing disorders are detected at an early stage. Early therapy is essential for language development. Imaging plays a central role in diagnosis and therapy planning.
Method Imaging findings of the most relevant causes of pediatric hearing disorders are presented. Specific attention is given to the method used in each case – CT or MRI.
Results and Conclusions While CT is the method of choice for conductive hearing loss, a combination of CT and MRI with high-resolution T2-3D sequences has been established as the best diagnostic method for sensorineural hearing loss. The most common causes of conductive hearing loss in childhood are chronic inflammation and cholesteatoma. Congenital malformations of the outer or middle ear are less frequent. In the case of sensorineural hearing loss, the cause is located in the inner ear and/or the cochlear nerve or the cerebrum. In these cases, congenital malformations are the most common cause.
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Multimodality Imaging Appearance of Intrapericardial Paragangliomas
Authors: Palacio Diana , Gutierrez Maria del Pilar , Kuyumcu Gokhan , Rounseville Benjamin , Shponka Volodymyr , Betancourt Sonia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractParagangliomas are neuroendocrine tumors of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system that originate from neural crest cells. Less than 1% of paragangliomas are found in the heart, originating from intrinsic cardiac ganglia cells in the posterior wall the atria, atrioventricular groove, and along the root of the great vessels. A 10-year review of our institution's database identified nine patients who had documented intrapericardial paragangliomas. We describe the multimodality imaging appearance of these tumors. The most common findings include embedment and wrapping around the great vessels and atrioventricular groove within the confines of the pericardium, markedly avid heterogeneous enhancement, distinct engorged neovascularization, and in large lesions, central low attenuation areas compatible with hemorrhage, necrosis, or cystic degeneration.
Maternal Zika Virus Infection in the First Trimester and Fetal Stigmata in the Third Trimester
Authors: Singh Divya , Kaur Ladbans 
Published: June 2023

AbstractZika is a flavivirus that is transmitted primarily by the bite of an infected Aedes mosquito. It can also be transmitted by blood transfusion, sexual contact, and from an infected mother to the unborn baby. Zika virus infection is of particular concern in pregnancy as transplacental transmission of the virus has the potential to cause significant fetal morbidity. Ultrasonography plays a pivotal role in the fetal surveillance of a pregnant woman infected with Zika. There have been outbreaks of Zika virus infection in various parts of India, the most recent occurring in Kanpur in November 2021. We report a case of a primigravida who had Zika virus infection during the first trimester of pregnancy but the fetus presented with the sequelae of infection in the third trimester. This report highlights the sonographic red flags for fetal Zika infection and the importance of serial monitoring in pregnant women exposed to Zika virus.
Capturing ultra-broadband complex-fields of arbitrary duration using a real-time spectrogram
Authors: Crockett Benjamin , Rowe Connor , Azaña José 
Published: June 2023

One of the most intuitive representations of a waveform is achieved through time-frequency analysis, which depicts how the frequency components of a wave evolve over time. Time-frequency representations, such as the spectrogram, are well-known for allowing full-field characterization of a signal in terms of amplitude and phase. However, present methods to capture the spectrogram of a waveform are only suited for either relatively slow (&lt;GHz bandwidth) waveforms of arbitrary duration or fast (&gt;THz bandwidth) waveforms of short duration. It remains very challenging to capture the time-frequency representation of broadband waves extending over long durations, as required for many important fields in science and technology. Here, we introduce a linear optics temporal imaging concept based on electro-optic time-lensing and dispersive propagation to map the 2D spectrogram as a 1D waveform along the temporal domain. This technique enables ultra-broadband spectrogram analysis without any gaps in the acquisition and with no inherent limitation on maximum signal duration. The spectrogram is captured at unmatched processing rates, up to 16 × 109 Fourier transforms per second (∼60 ps per spectral frame), using a single photodetector and in a fully self-referenced manner. Under certain conditions, we show how this method enables the single-shot full-field characterization of optical waveforms spanning multiple THz. The method is further showcased through accurate amplitude and phase recovery of high-speed complex-modulated optical telecommunication signals using direct intensity detection. This concept will enable the study of physical phenomena unreachable to date and disruptive advancements in high-speed communications, sensing, and information processing.
Elizabethan vortices
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Authors: Dunajski Maciej , Gavrea Nora 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Radial solutions to the elliptic Sinh–Gordon and Tzitzeica equations can be interpreted as Abelian vortices on certain surfaces of revolution. These surfaces have a conical excess angle at infinity (in a way which makes them similar to Elizabethan ruff collars). While they cannot be embedded in the Euclidean 3-space, we will show that they can be globally embedded in the hyperbolic space. The existence of these hyperbolic embeddings follows from the asymptotic analysis of a Painlevé III oridinary differential dquation (ODE).
A Single-Center Study Evaluating the Effects of a Topical Serum Combining Postbiotics, Peptides, and Botanical Extracts on Skin
Authors: Few Julius , Lee Michael , Semersky Alec , Mariscal Emily , Pryor Sydney , Talati Akshay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Aging, influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leads to visible skin changes such as dryness, surface roughness, and loss of luminosity. Proper skin care can mitigate some of these effects, with topical combination products offering support through complementary mechanisms.

Objectives
To test efficacy and safety of GSYBS-7 (Goop Beauty Youth-Boost Peptide Serum; Goop Inc., Santa Monica, CA), a topical postbiotic and botanical combination serum, used twice daily on facial skin for 6 weeks.

Methods
In this 19-patient pilot study, the primary efficacy measure was improvement on the Global Ranking Scale (GRS) at 42 days. A 12-point patient satisfaction survey and the serum's effect on healing after ablative laser treatment served as secondary and exploratory measures, respectively.

Results
Statistically significant improvements in all GRS domains were observed as early as day 7 with ongoing improvement up to day 42. A &gt;1-point improvement was observed for dehydration (1.8; 95% CI, 1.5-2.2), visible pores (1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-2.0), surface roughness (1.6; 95% CI, 1.3-1.9), imbalance (1.3; 95% CI, .9-1.7), static wrinkles (1.3; 95% CI, .9-1.6), pigmentation (1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.5), and vasculature (1.2; 95% CI, .8-1.5). Independent photographic review and patient satisfaction surveys corroborated these findings. At day 42, 94.4% of patients were very satisfied with the results, and 88.9% would recommend GSYBS-7 to family and friends. No adverse events were reported, and 100% of patients indicated that GSYBS-7 was gentle enough for everyday use.

Conclusions
GSYBS-7 appears to be an effective and well-tolerated combination topical for the management of age-related and environment-induced skin changes.

Level of Evidence: 4
Pericardial decompression syndrome with acute right ventricular failure: a case series
Authors: Nelson Dean M , Brennan Anthony P , Burns Andrew T , MacIsaac Andrew I 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Pericardial decompression syndrome (PDS) is an uncommon complication of pericardial drainage of large pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade characterized by paradoxical haemodynamic instability following drainage. Pericardial decompression syndrome may occur immediately, or in the days following pericardial decompression, and presents with signs and symptoms suggestive of uni-/biventricular failure or acute pulmonary oedema.

Case summary
This series describes two cases of this syndrome which demonstrates acute right ventricular failure as a mechanism of PDS and provides insights into the echocardiographic findings and clinical course of this poorly understood syndrome. Case 1 describes a patient who underwent pericardiocentesis, whilst Case 2 describes a patient who underwent surgical pericardiostomy. In both patients, acute right ventricular failure was observed following the release of tamponade and is favoured to be the cause of haemodynamic instability.

Discussion
Pericardial decompression syndrome is a poorly understood, likely underreported complication of pericardial drainage for cardiac tamponade associated with high morbidity and mortality. Whilst a number of hypotheses exist as to the aetiology of PDS, this case series supports haemodynamic compromise being secondary to left ventricular compression following acute right ventricular dilatation.
A chromosome scale assembly of the parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens provides insight into the process of virus domestication
Authors: Mao Meng , Simmonds Tyler J , Stouthamer Corinne M , Kehoe Tara M , Geib Scott M , Burke Gaelen R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The parasitoid wasp Venturia canescens is an important biological control agent of stored products moth pests and serves as a model to study the function and evolution of domesticated endogenous viruses (DEVs). The DEVs discovered in V. canescens are known as virus-like particles (VcVLPs), which are produced using nudivirus-derived components and incorporate wasp-derived virulence proteins instead of packaged nucleic acids. Previous studies of virus-derived components in the V. canescens genome identified 53 nudivirus-like genes organized in six gene clusters and several viral pseudogenes, but how VcVLP genes are organized among wasp chromosomes following their integration in the ancestral wasp genome is largely unknown. Here, we present a chromosomal scale genome of V. canescens consisting of 11 chromosomes and 56 unplaced small scaffolds. The genome size is 290.8 Mbp with a N50 scaffold size of 24.99 Mbp. A high-quality gene set including 11,831 protein-coding genes were produced using RNA-Seq data as well as publicly available peptide sequences from related Hymenoptera. A manual annotation of genes of viral origin produced 61 intact and 19 pseudogenized nudivirus-derived genes. The genome assembly revealed that two previously identified clusters were joined into a single cluster and a total of 5 gene clusters comprising of 60 intact nudivirus-derived genes were located in three chromosomes. In contrast, pseudogenes are dispersed among 8 chromosomes with only 4 pseudogenes associated with nudivirus gene clusters. The architecture of genes encoding VcVLP components suggests it originates from a recent virus acquisition and there is a link between the processes of dispersal and pseudogenization. This high-quality genome assembly and annotation represents the first chromosome-scale assembly for parasitoid wasps associated with VLPs, and is publicly available in the National Center for Biotechnology Information Genome and RefSeq databases, providing a valuable resource for future studies of DEVs in parasitoid wasps.