bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oriented Zinc Metal Anode Based on Directional Recognition and Assembly
Authors: Zhang Shimeng , Li Jianbo , Jin Bowen , Shao Mingfei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe practical application of aqueous zinc batteries are highly limited by unsatisfied Zn anodes for the unavoidable dendrite growth and side reactions. Crystal orientation engineering is an effective way to overcome these inherent drawbacks. However, how to achieve Zn plating with manipulated crystallographic orientation is still a great challenge. Herein, a uniform (002)‐oriented Zn metal anode is reported based on a directional cation recognition and crystal assembly strategy. The activated layered double hydroxide (Act‐LDH) exhibits favorable adsorption energy with Zn2+ and high lattice matching with Zn (002) plane, which can be served as directional recognition layer to anchor Zn2+ and regulate crystallographic orientation of Zn as well. As demonstration, Zn crystals with ultrahigh ratio of (002)/(100) plane of 15.7 are assembled parallelly on horizontal Act‐LDH, in which high CE of 99.85% maintains over 18 000 cycles. The symmetric battery with (002)‐oriented Zn shows stable plating/stripping process over 1650 and 420 h at 1 mA cm−2/0.5 mA h cm−2 and 10 mA cm−2/5 mA h cm−2, respectively, which is 9 and 12 times higher than unoriented polycrystalline Zn. Moreover, as‐assembled full battery displays high specific capacity of 120 mA h g−1 at 2 A g−1 over 1800 cycles.
Design and Synthesis of a Triazine‐Based sp2 Carbon‐Conjugated Covalent Organic Framework for Blue Light Photocatalysis
Authors: Zhang Fulin , Dong Xiaoyun , Wang Yuexin , Lang Xianjun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFully conjugated covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can exhibit great potential in semiconductor photocatalysis. But their syntheses remain elusive due to the low reversibility of vinylene linkage. Herein, by tuning the amount of base and temperature, a novel triazine‐based sp2 carbon‐conjugated COF (TA‐sp2c‐COF) is successfully constructed over Cs2CO3. Besides, the influence of modulating factors on the chemical and optoelectronic properties of TA‐sp2c‐COF is thoroughly investigated. TA‐sp2c‐COF adopts an eclipsed AA stacking structure with uniform micropores (1.4 nm). The blue light photocatalysis of the highly crystalline TA‐sp2c‐COF is established for the selective oxidative coupling of amines with oxygen, and the predominant role of superoxide is identified in forming imines. This work foretells that meticulous modulation of reaction conditions is the key to constructing sp2 carbon‐conjugated COFs toward solar photocatalysis.
Simulation Guided Coaxial Electrospinning of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Hollow Fibers with Tailored Piezoelectric Performance
Authors: Shao Zhuzhu , Zhang Xuan , Song Zihan , Liu Jingfeng , Liu Xingang , Zhang Chuhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractElectrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric fibers have high potential applicability in mechanical energy harvesting and self‐powered sensing owing to their high electromechanical coupling capabilities. Strategies for tailoring fiber morphology have been the primary focus for realizing enhanced piezoelectric output. However, the relationship between piezoelectric performance and fiber structure remains unclear. This study fabricates PVDF hollow fibers through coaxial electrospinning, whose wall thickness can be tuned by changing the internal solution concentration. Simulation analysis demonstrates an increased effective deformation of the hollow fiber as enlarging inner diameter, resulting in enhanced piezoelectric output, which is in excellent agreement with the experimental results. This study is the first to unravel the influence mechanism of morphology regulation of a PVDF hollow fiber on its piezoelectric performance from both simulation and experimental aspects. The optimal PVDF hollow fiber piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) delivers a piezoelectric output voltage of 32.6 V, ≈3 times that of the solid PVDF fiber PEH. Furthermore, the electrical output of hollow fiber PEH can be stably stored in secondary energy storage systems to power microelectronics. This study highlights an efficient approach for reconciling the simulation and tailoring the fiber PEH morphology for enhanced performances for future self‐powered systems.
Effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus Fermentation on the Quality of Glutinous Rice Products
Authors: Qi Wen , Ma Chun‐Min , Xing Wen‐Jing , Yang Yang , Fan Jing , Yang Chun‐Hua , Zhang Na 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus and spontaneous fermentation on the quality characteristics of glutinous rice products are investigated in this study. Optimization of the product quality based on orthogonal experiments on the four fermentation conditions ensure that the product still has good sensory properties when stored during its shelf life at room temperature. The optimal fermentation conditions based on the range analysis are the mass ratio of glutinous rice, corn and rice 8:1:1, L. acidophilus inoculum of 8%, fermentation temperature of 37 °C, and fermentation time of 28 h. Under this condition, rice products’ hardness, viscosity, elasticity, cohesiveness, and taste significantly increase compared to the spontaneously fermented products. The pasting characteristics, water absorption index, thermodynamic properties, short‐range ordered structure, and microstructure of two kinds of fermented rice flours are analyzed. L. acidophilus fermented rice flour is more prone to pasting and ageing, with a higher proportion of short‐chain amylopectin in starch and lower final viscosity and water absorption, with a denser and smoother internal structure. In conclusion, fermentation improves the properties of glutinous rice flour and its products, and L. acidophilus fermentation is more effective than spontaneous fermentation.
Literacy in the Plural: Multiliteracies Enlivened during the Pandemic
Authors: Swift Catherine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCritical and situated engagement with literacies offers educators an important, documented pedagogical tool that has the potential to increase elementary students’ understanding of issues of equity, while developing their empathy, self‐awareness, and critical consciousness. What we don't know is how literacies can be used during a global pandemic to support students' socially, emotionally, and intellectually. This ethnographic research study sheds light on one racially, linguistically diverse fourth grade classroom and what happens when the teacher uses literacy events to engage students during the COVID19 pandemic. Using critical engagement and multiliteracies theories, I present and analyze data from classroom observations, audio recordings, fieldnotes, screenshots, and interviews. Findings indicate that engaging in multiliteracies during the pandemic supported student engagement, connection, and agency. I argue that these findings have implications for in‐person teaching. Specifically, when classroom teachers approach literacy events from a multiliteracies framework, new instructional spaces are created to support students to be cognitively and socially available for learning.
Exploring animal models in oral cancer research and clinical intervention: A critical review
Authors: Khayatan Danial , Hussain Ahmed , Tebyaniyan Hamid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, but advances in treatment, early detection, and prevention have helped to reduce its impact. To translate cancer research findings into clinical interventions for patients, appropriate animal experimental models, particularly in oral cancer therapy, can be helpful. In vitro experiments using animal or human cells can provide insight into cancer's biochemical pathways. This review discusses the various animal models used in recent years for research and clinical intervention in oral cancer, along with their advantages and disadvantages. We highlight the advantages and limitations of the used animal models in oral cancer research and therapy by searching the terms of animal models, oral cancer, oral cancer therapy, oral cancer research, and animals to find all relevant publications during 2010‐2023. Mouse models, widely used in cancer research, can help us understand protein and gene functions in vivo and molecular pathways more deeply. To induce cancer in rodents, xenografts are often used, but companion animals with spontaneous tumours are underutilized for rapid advancement in human and veterinary cancer treatments. Like humans with cancer, companion animals exhibit biological behaviour, treatment responses, and cytotoxic agent responses similar to humans. In companion animal models, disease progression is more rapid, and the animals have a shorter lifespan. Animal models allow researchers to study how immune cells interact with cancer cells and how they can be targeted specifically. Additionally, animal models have been extensively used in research on oral cancers, so researchers can use existing knowledge and tools to better understand oral cancers using animal models.
Enablers and Tools for Agile Product Development
Authors: Kaster Thomas , Ackermann Marc , Bailly David , Bold Marie-Noemi , Bremen Thomas , Eberius Thomas , Fu Cailing , Gorissen Leon , Haase Christian , Gries Thomas , Häfner Constantin , Heinigk Christian , Hinke Christian , Hirt Gerhard , Holly Carlo , Kelbel Hannah , Kolter Moritz , Krupp Ulrich , Reitmaier Lisa-Marie , Schleifenbaum Johannes Henrich , Schuh Günther , Schulz Wolfgang , Stöcker Lena , Walderich Philipp , Zarei Omid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractToday’s industrial world is characterized by ever-shortening product development cycles and increasing degrees of product individualization which demand tools and enablers for accelerated prototyping. In addition, the existing uncertainty in the product development cycle should be reduced by involving stakeholders as early as possible. However, should an engineering change request (ECR) be necessary in the product development cycle, a fast iteration step into production is inevitable. The methodological description of such an ECR in the product development cycle is described in the previous chapter. Together with researchers from the Internet of Production (IoP), information from the product development process will be transferred to the digital shadow established in the IoP. The digital shadow collects information from all areas of the product lifecycle and provides it to the appropriate departments, adapted to the corresponding task. To tackle this challenge, a new type of product development process, the method of agile product development, is applied. Within the Enablers and Tools project, the development of various advanced manufacturing technologies (AMTs) for agile product development are at the forefront of the work. The enablers and tools are further developed with the principles of agile product development. They also serve to map the requirements for rapidly available and specific prototypes which are used to answer specific questions that arise during the product development cycle. To answer these questions, the concept of the Minimum Viable Product (MVP), an approach to reduce development time and increase customer satisfaction, is introduced and applied to all development tasks.
The Internet of Production Digital Shadow Reference Model for Worldwide Production Labs
Authors: Michael Judith , Koren István , Dimitriadis Iraklis , Fulterer Judith , Gannouni Aymen , Heithoff Malte , Hermann Annkristin , Hornberg Katharina , Kröger Moritz , Sapel Patrick , Schäfer Niklas , Theissen-Lipp Johannes , Decker Stefan , Hopmann Christian , Jarke Matthias , Rumpe Bernhard , Schmitt Robert H. , Schuh Günther 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to their growing amount and heterogeneity, we need a precise and standardized understanding about the foundation, structure, and forms of aggregation and especially the use of data and models within the production domain. Our aim is to investigate how to model data elements and static and dynamic relationships as well as their physical resources in the IoP, in a cross-disciplinary life cycle spanning cooperation as a basis for information management, meeting all technical, scientific-ethical, and legal framework conditions. The core solution for this challenge is the use of an adequate set of modeling techniques, transformations, and their integration with digital shadows. This chapter provides a deep insight into relevant concepts that constitute a digital shadow, link it to their semantics defined by appropriate metamodels, and discuss the data and models a digital shadow consists of in four use cases. We show a method to derive digital shadows and introduce their life cycle in relation to the product life cycle. These concepts are the foundation for data and model sharing within digital shadows applicable for worldwide production labs.
Challenges of Managing Common Resources
Authors: Fischer Manuel , Foord Daniel , Frecè Jan , Hillebrand Kirsten , Kissling-Näf Ingrid , Meili Rahel , Peskova Marie , Risi David , Schmidpeter René , Stucki Tobias 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCommon goods are those natural or man-made resources that serve all members of a particular community and its institutions. Unlike private goods such as cars or mobile phones, all members have free access to commons, i.e., the goods cannot simply be fenced off. As a result, such goods tend to be overused, leading to a loss of welfare-the tragedy of the commons. In this chapter, we discuss the concept of the tragedy of the commons, why it is relevant to global and local environmental problems, and how the social dilemma might be resolved.
Corporate Sustainability
Authors: Fischer Manuel , Foord Daniel , Frecè Jan , Hillebrand Kirsten , Kissling-Näf Ingrid , Meili Rahel , Peskova Marie , Risi David , Schmidpeter René , Stucki Tobias 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs we will discuss in this chapter, companies are an important steering parameter for sustainable development as they develop new, more sustainable products and services or improve the sustainability of their organizations and internal processes. However, companies will not be willing to make a substantial contribution to sustainable development if this does not also pay off economically. Current developments suggest that corporate sustainability is becoming increasingly important in both the field of sustainability policy and the field of management. Five reasons have been identified for these developments. First, there is societal pressure on companies to do their part for sustainable development, which will lead to stricter policies and shifts in demand. Second, many new business opportunities are emerging for companies, which also makes it attractive to profitable invest in this area. Third, companies should worry about the immediate impact of climate change on their operations. Fourth, there is a growing risk of litigation over climate change. Fifth, the financial sector is also doing its part to increase the pressure on companies, in some cases banks are making harder for unsustainable companies to obtain credit.
Social Innovation (or Why We Need the Civil Society)
Authors: Fischer Manuel , Foord Daniel , Frecè Jan , Hillebrand Kirsten , Kissling-Näf Ingrid , Meili Rahel , Peskova Marie , Risi David , Schmidpeter René , Stucki Tobias 
Published: May 2023

AbstractActivities enacted by economic and governmental actors at various levels will not be sufficient to achieve the necessary turnaround of our consumption patterns and economic systems. What is needed instead are orchestrated, multilevel, and possibly cross-sectoral approaches that offer new solutions to the grand challenges we currently face. There is growing recognition among scholars that civil society plays an important role in addressing so-called "wicked" social, economic, and environmental problems. In this chapter, we discuss the concept of social innovation, how it can be put into practice, and how it can be scaled.
Mixed moduli in 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 higher-genus quivers
Authors: Lavdas Ioannis , Le Floch Bruno 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We analyze exactly marginal deformations of 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 Lagrangian gauge theories, especially mixed-branch operators with both electric and magnetic charges. These mixed-branch moduli can either belong to products of electric and magnetic current supermultiplets, or be single-trace (non-factorizable). Apart from some exceptional quivers that have additional moduli, 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 theories described by genus g quivers with nonabelian unitary gauge groups have exactly g single-trace mixed moduli, which preserve the global flavour symmetries. This partly explains why only linear and circular quivers have known AdS4 supergravity duals. Indeed, for g > 1, AdS4 gauged supergravities cannot capture the entire g-dimensional moduli space even if one takes into account the quantization moduli of boundary conditions. Likewise, in a general Lagrangian theory, we establish (using the superconformal index) that the number of single-trace mixed moduli is bounded below by the genus of a graph encoding how nonabelian gauge groups act on hypermultiplets.
Quantum gravity fluctuations in the timelike Raychaudhuri equation
Authors: Bak Sang-Eon , Parikh Maulik , Sarkar Sudipta , Setti Francesco 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We consider a timelike geodesic congruence in the presence of perturbative quantum fluctuations of the spacetime metric. We calculate the change in the volume of a bundle of geodesics due to such fluctuations and thereby obtain a quantum-gravitationally modified timelike Raychaudhuri equation. Quantum gravity generically increases the convergence of congruences and the production of caustics.
The unwitting labourer: extracting humanness in AI training
Authors: Morreale Fabio , Bahmanteymouri Elham , Burmester Brent , Chen Andrew , Thorp Michelle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany modern digital products use Machine Learning (ML) to emulate human abilities, knowledge, and intellect. In order to achieve this goal, ML systems need the greatest possible quantity of training data to allow the Artificial Intelligence (AI) model to develop an understanding of “what it means to be human”. We propose that the processes by which companies collect this data are problematic, because they entail extractive practices that resemble labour exploitation. The article presents four case studies in which unwitting individuals contribute their humanness to develop AI training sets. By employing a post-Marxian framework, we then analyse the characteristic of these individuals and describe the elements of the capture-machine. Then, by describing and characterising the types of applications that are problematic, we set a foundation for defining and justifying interventions to address this form of labour exploitation.
Rapid and precise detection of cancers via label-free SERS and deep learning
Authors: Xiong Chang-Chun , Zhu Shan-Shan , Yan Deng-Hui , Yao Yu-Dong , Zhang Zhe , Zhang Guo-Jun , Chen Shuo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEarly, express, and reliable detection of cancer can provide a favorable prognosis and decrease mortality. Tumor biomarkers have been proven to be closely related to tumor occurrence and development. Conventional tumor biomarker detection based on genomic, proteomic, and metabolomic methods is time and equipment-consuming and always needs a specific target marker. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), as a non-invasive ultrasensitive and label-free vibrational spectroscopy technique, can detect cancer-related biomedical changes in biofluids. In this paper, 110 serum samples were collected from 30 healthy controls and 80 cancer patients (including 30 bladder cancer (BC), 30 adrenal cancer (AC), and 20 acute myeloid leukemia (AML)). One microliter of blood serum was mixed with 1 μl silver colloid and then was air-dried for SERS measurements. After spectral data augmentation, one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) was proposed for precise and rapid identification of healthy and three different cancers with high accuracy of 98.27%. After gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) based spectral interpretation, the contributions of SERS peaks corresponding to biochemical substances indicated the most potential biomarkers, i.e., L-tyrosine in bladder cancer; acetoacetate and riboflavin in adrenal cancer and phospholipids, amide-I, and α-Helix in acute myeloid leukemia, which might provide an insight into the mechanism of intelligent diagnosis of different cancers based on label-free serum SERS. The integration of label-free SERS and deep learning has great potential for the rapid, reliable, and non-invasive detection of cancers, which may significantly improve the precise diagnosis in clinical practice.
Graphical abstract
Unraveling the neural basis of spatial orientation in arthropods
Authors: Homberg Uwe , Pfeiffer Keram 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe neural basis underlying spatial orientation in arthropods, in particular insects, has received considerable interest in recent years. This special issue of the Journal of Comparative Physiology A seeks to take account of these developments by presenting a collection of eight review articles and eight original research articles highlighting hotspots of research on spatial orientation in arthropods ranging from flies to spiders and the underlying neural circuits. The contributions impressively illustrate the wide range of tools available to arthropods extending from specific sensory channels to highly sophisticated neural computations for mastering complex navigational challenges.
Exploring brain functional connectivity in patients with taste loss: a pilot study
Authors: Zhu Yunmeng , Joshi Akshita , Thaploo Divesh , Hummel Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In a previous neuroimaging study, patients with taste loss showed stronger activations in gustatory cortices compared to people with normal taste function during taste stimulations. The aim of the current study was to examine whether there are changes in central-nervous functional connectivity in patients with taste loss.

Methods
We selected 26 pairs of brain regions related to taste processing as our regions of interests (ROIs). Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure brain responses in seven patients with taste loss and 12 healthy controls as they received taste stimulations (taste condition) and water (water condition). The data were analysed using ROI-to-ROI functional connectivity analysis (FCA).

Results
We observed weaker functional connectivity in the patient group between the left and right orbitofrontal cortex in the taste condition and between the left frontal pole and the left superior frontal gyrus in the water condition.

Conclusion
These results suggested that patients with taste loss experience changes of functional connectivity between brain regions not only relevant to taste processing but also to cognitive functions. While further studies are needed, fMRI might be helpful in diagnosing taste loss as an additional tool in exceptional cases.