bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protective effect of mussel polysaccharide on cyclophosphamide‐induced intestinal oxidative stress injury via Nrf2‐Keap1 signaling pathway
Authors: Zhao Zhen‐Lei , Xu Xiao‐Gang , Chang Yun‐Chuang , Xu Yi‐Peng , Zhou Xu‐Qiang , Su Hui‐Li , Cui Xiao‐Hua , Wan Xiao‐Qing , Mao Gen‐Xiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe hard‐shelled mussel (Mytilus coruscus) has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine and health food in China for centuries. Polysaccharides from mussel has been reported to have multiple biological functions, however, it remains unclear whether mussel polysaccharide (MP) exerts protective effects in intestinal functions, and the underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanism of MP on intestinal oxidative injury in mice. In this study, 40 male BALB/C mice were used, with 30 utilized to produce an animal model of intestinal oxidative injury with intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (Cy) for four consecutive days. The protective effects of two different doses of MP (300 and 600 mg/kg) were assessed by investigating the change in body weight, visceral index, and observing colon histomorphology. Moreover, the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated by measuring the antioxidant enzymes and related signaling molecules through ELISA, real‐time PCR, and western blot methods. The results showed that MP pretreatment effectively protected the intestinal from Cy‐induced injury: improved the colon tissue morphology and villus structure, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) activities, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum and colon tissues. Meanwhile, MP also significantly increased the expression levels of SOD, GSH‐Px, heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1), and nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA in colon tissues. Further, western blot results showed that the expression of Nrf2 protein was significantly upregulated while kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1) was significantly downregulated by MP in the colonic tissues. This study indicates that MP can ameliorate Cy‐induced oxidative stress injury in mice, and Nrf2‐Keap1 signaling pathway may mediate these protective effects.
The landscape of BRCA1 and BRCA2 large rearrangements in an international cohort of over 20 000 ovarian tumors identified using next‐generation sequencing
Authors: Jones Melanie A. , Timms Kirsten M. , Hatcher Shanell , Cogan Elizabeth S. , Comeaux Matthew S. , Perry Michael , Morris Brian , Swedlund Brad , Elks Cathy E. , Lao‐Sirieix Pierre , Dearden Simon , Egile Coumaran , Brown Jessica S. , Harrington Elizabeth A. , Hodgson Darren , Stern Matt , Slavin Thomas P. , Mancini‐DiNardo Debora 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundApproximately half of ovarian tumors have defects within the homologous recombination repair pathway. Tumors carrying pathogenic variants (PVs) in BRCA1/BRCA2 are more likely to respond to poly‐ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor treatment. Large rearrangements (LRs) are a challenging class of variants to identify and characterize in tumor specimens and may therefore be underreported. This study describes the prevalence of pathogenic BRCA1/BRCA2 LRs in ovarian tumors and discusses the importance of their identification using a comprehensive testing strategy.MethodsSequencing and LR analyses of BRCA1/BRCA2 were conducted in 20 692 ovarian tumors received between March 18, 2016 and February 14, 2023 for MyChoice CDx testing. MyChoice CDx uses NGS dosage analysis to detect LRs in BRCA1/BRCA2 genes using dense tiling throughout the coding regions and limited flanking regions.ResultsOf the 2217 PVs detected, 6.3% (N = 140) were LRs. Overall, 0.67% of tumors analyzed carried a pathogenic LR. The majority of detected LRs were deletions (89.3%), followed by complex LRs (5.7%), duplications (4.3%), and retroelement insertions (0.7%). Notably, 25% of detected LRs encompassed a single or partial single exon. This study identified 84 unique LRs, 2 samples each carried 2 unique LRs in the same gene. We identified 17 LRs that occurred in multiple samples, some of which were specific to certain ancestries. Several cases presented here illustrate the intricacies involved in characterizing LRs, particularly when multiple events occur within the same gene.ConclusionsOver 6% of PVs detected in the ovarian tumors analyzed were LRs. It is imperative for laboratories to utilize testing methodologies that will accurately detect LRs at a single exon resolution to optimize the identification of patients who may benefit from PARP inhibitor treatment.
Image Enhancement via Special Functions and Its Application for Near Infrared Imaging
Authors: Yang Ruoxi , Chen Long , Zhang Ling , Li Zongan , Lin Yingcheng , Wu Ye 
Published: May 2023

AbstractImage enhancement is important given that it can be used to highlight the area of interest in the images. This article designs four filters via special function for realizing image enhancement. Firstly, a filter based on the exponential function is designed. When the value of the progression is even, the edge feature can be extracted. When the value of the progression is odd, sharp contrast can be obtained. Secondly, a filter is built using hyperbolic cosine and its inverse function, where a printmaking feature can be extracted. Thirdly, a filter is made via a hyperbolic secant function and its inverse. It can lead to the extraction of image edge. When the progression value is increasing, marginal effect can be found and the brightness is decreasing. Ripple morphology can be found. Fourthly, a filter is constructed through a hyperbolic sine function and its inverse, where marginal features can be extracted. Furthermore, these filters are useful for extracting the marginal features even when a high noise density of 0.9 is added to the original images. They are useful for highlighting the images acquired from near infrared imaging.
CA3–CA1 long‐term potentiation occurs regardless of respiration and cardiac cycle phases in urethane‐anesthetized rats
Authors: Nokia Miriam S. , Waselius Tomi , Penttonen Markku 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBreathing and heartbeat synchronize to each other and to brain function and affect cognition in humans. However, it is not clear how cardiorespiratory rhythms modulate such basic processes as synaptic plasticity thought to underlie learning. Thus, we studied if respiration and cardiac cycle phases at burst stimulation onset affect hippocampal long‐term potentiation (LTP) in the CA3–CA1 synapse in urethane‐anesthetized adult male Sprague–Dawley rats. In a between‐subjects design, we timed burst stimulation of the ventral hippocampal commissure (vHC) to systole or diastole either during expiration or inspiration and recorded responses throughout the hippocampus with a linear probe. As classical conditioning in humans seems to be most efficient at expiration‐diastole, we also expected LTP to be most efficient if burst stimulation was targeted to expiration‐diastole. However, LTP was induced equally in all four groups and respiration and cardiac cycle phase did not modulate CA1 responses to vHC stimulation overall. This could be perhaps because we bypassed all natural routes of external influences on the CA1 by directly stimulating the vHC. In the future, the effect of cardiorespiratory rhythms on synaptic plasticity could also be studied in awake state and in other parts of the hippocampal tri‐synaptic loop.
Another Torture Track for Quantum Chemistry: Reinvestigation of the Benzaldehyde Amidation by Nitrogen‐Atom Transfer from Platinum(II) and Palladium(II) Metallonitrenes
Authors: Verplancke Hendrik , Diefenbach Martin , Lienert Jonas N. , Ugandi Mihkel , Kitsaras Marios‐Petros , Roemelt Michael , Stopkowicz Stella , Holthausen Max C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe showcase here a dramatic failure of CCSD(T) theory that originates from the pronounced multi‐reference character of a key intermediate formed in the benzaldehyde amidation by N‐atom transfer from Pd(II) and Pt(II) metallonitrenes studied recently in combined experimental and theoretical work. For detailed analysis we devised a minimal model system, for which we established reliable reference energies based on approximate full configuration interaction theory, to assess the performance of single‐reference coupled‐cluster theory up to the CCSDTQ(P) excitation level. While RHF‐based CCSD(T) theory suffered dramatic errors, in one case exceeding 220 kcal mol−1, we show that the use of broken‐symmetry (BS) or Kohn‐Sham (KS) orbital references yields substantially improved CCSD(T) results. Further, the EOM‐SF‐CCSD(T)(a)* approach met the reference data with excellent accuracy. We applied the KS‐CCSD(T*)‐F12b variant as high‐level part of an ONIOM(KS‐CC:DFT) scheme to reinvestigate the reactivity of the full Pt(II) and Pd(II) metallonitrenes. The revised reaction pathway energetics provide a detailed mechanistic rationale for the experimental observations.
Synchronous ovarian and Bartholin gland carcinoma: Case report and review of literature
Authors: El‐Tawab Sally S. , Kehoe Sean 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo our knowledge, this is the first reported case of synchronous ovarian and vulva (Bartholin gland) cancer. A postmenopausal woman presented with a complex multiloculated left adnexal mass and 2‐cm right Bartholin gland mass. CA 125 was 59 IU/mL. Computed tomography of chest, abdomen, and pelvis showed a very large (32 × 13.5 × 22.5 cm) complex mass arising from the pelvis and extending to the level of the T12/L1 disk space. A right Bartholin mass with suspicious right inguinal nodes was seen. Midline laparotomy, total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo‐oophrectomy, infracolic omentectomy, pelvic peritoneal biopsies, and peritoneal washings were carried out. Wide local excision of the right Bartholin gland mass was carried out in the same setting. Histopathology came back as Stage 2B left ovarian clear‐cell carcinoma and synchronous right Bartholin gland adenoid cystic carcinoma with lymphovascular invasion, incompletely excised, staged at least FIGO Stage 1B. Following local multidisciplinary team discussion and positron emission tomography scan review, the local committee agreed to start three cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy then proceed with Bartholin gland scar re‐excision and bilateral groin lymph node dissection. After the three cycles, the groin lymph nodes came back as metastatic adenocarcinoma with overall morphologic and immunohistochemical features consistent with metastatic ovarian clear‐cell carcinoma. Postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was given. Initial follow‐up period over 9 months was uneventful.
Estradiol on trigger day: Irrelevant to live birth rates of fresh cycles but positively associated with cumulative live birth rates
Authors: Wang Meng , Jin Lei , Shi Juanzi , Mao Yundong , Zhang Cuilian , Huang Rui , Liang Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the effects of estradiol (E2) on trigger day on cumulative live birth rates (CLBRs), and pregnancy outcomes after fresh and frozen–thawed embryo transfer (FET).MethodsThis multicenter retrospective cohort study included 42 315 patients from five reproductive centers. Six subgroups were divided according to E2 on trigger day (<1000, 1000–2000, 2000–3000, 3000–4000, 4000–5000, >5000 pg/mL). Smooth curve fitting and nonlinear mixed‐effects models were used.ResultsWhen E2 was <5500 pg/mL, the CLBR increased by 10% for every 1000 pg/mL increase in E2. When E2 was between 5500 and 13 281 pg/mL, CLBR increased by 1.8% for every 1000 pg/mL increase in E2. When E2 was >13 281 pg/mL, CLBR decreased by 3% for every 1000 pg/mL increase in E2. From group E2 < 1000 to group E2 > 5000 pg/mL, pregnancy and live birth rates in fresh cycles were not related to E2. The live birth rate after FET was higher in the E2 ≥ 5000 pg/mL group than in the E2 < 1000 pg/mL group (odds ratio [OR] 4.03, and 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.74–4.35; adjusted OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.05–1.37).ConclusionCLBR is associated with E2 on trigger day in a segmented manner. Pregnancy and live birth rates in fresh cycles were not associated with E2. The live birth rate in FET cycles was highest when E2 ≥ 5000 pg/mL.
Land suitability analysis using a multicriteria decision‐making approach for optimal irrigation in a medium irrigation scheme in West Bengal, India
Authors: Halder Subhra , Das Subhasish , Basu Snehamanju 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe present study aspires to distinguish suitable irrigation lands using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS) of the Shali River basin area, which is a part of the Shali reservoir irrigation project (medium irrigation project) of West Bengal, India. Therefore, 12 factors were identified as criteria, including elevation, slope, rainfall, soil group, sand, silt, clay, nitrogen, pH, organic carbon, land use and land cover (LULC) and river distance. The results show that the Shali Basin has approximately 64% irrigation‐suitable land. The irrigational suitability reveals that the villages near the river have highly irrigation‐suitable lands. Therefore, it can be said that the distance to the river plays a major role as it determines the irrigation water availability. It is therefore advisable to install rainwater catchment structures in villages that are significantly distant from the river. This study may help farmers to select cropping patterns according to irrigation suitability and the concerned readers to understand the irrigation land suitability analysis with appropriate parameters and methods under any medium irrigation project.
Knowledge management and the revamping of economic development opportunities in the Niger Delta
Authors: Alakwe Kizito Ogedi , Ibitoye Temidayo Olugbenga 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the centrality of knowledge management as an enabler of economic development opportunities in the Niger Delta region. Given the developmental challenges facing the Niger Delta region, it is imperative that knowledge management should be harnessed as a tool for development. From the prism of PIND and leveraging a qualitative and descriptive approach, this study adopts focus group discussions and in‐depth interviews to affirm that knowledge management is an effective tool for fostering economic development. Results reveal that while information on development is not readily available to the citizens of the region, as well as a low level of awareness of developmental initiatives within local communities, the study contends that in order to stimulate economic development in the Niger Delta region, a robust knowledge management framework that takes cognisance of the innate needs of the people through citizen engagement must be instituted. Also to be considered is the literacy level, the medium of communication and the physical terrain of the region, which makes it challenging to extend developmental activities to all corners of the Niger Delta. The study, therefore, recommends the use of social media to improve information dissemination and the formation of knowledge clusters facilitated by ICT to expand the scope of operations in all local communities in the region.
Testosterone Restores Body Composition, Bone Mass, and Bone Strength Following Early Puberty Suppression in a Mouse Model Mimicking the Clinical Strategy in Trans Boys
Authors: Dubois Vanessa , Ciancia Silvia , Doms Stefanie , El Kharraz Sarah , Sommers Vera , Kim Na Ri , David Karel , Van Dijck Jolien , Valle-Tenney Roger , Maes Christa , Antonio Leen , Decallonne Brigitte , Carmeliet Geert , Claessens Frank , Cools Martine , Vanderschueren Dirk 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Transgender youth increasingly present at pediatric gender services. Some of them receive long-term puberty suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa) before starting gender-affirming hormones (GAH). The impact of GnRHa use started in early puberty on bone composition and bone mass accrual is unexplored. It is furthermore unclear whether subsequent GAH fully restore GnRHa effects and whether the timing of GAH introduction matters. To answer these questions, we developed a mouse model mimicking the clinical strategy applied in trans boys. Prepubertal 4-week-old female mice were treated with GnRHa alone or with GnRHa supplemented with testosterone (T) from 6 weeks (early puberty) or 8 weeks (late puberty) onward. Outcomes were analyzed at 16 weeks and compared with untreated mice of both sexes. GnRHa markedly increased total body fat mass, decreased lean body mass, and had a modest negative impact on grip strength. Both early and late T administration shaped body composition to adult male levels, whereas grip strength was restored to female values. GnRHa-treated animals showed lower trabecular bone volume and reduced cortical bone mass and strength. These changes were reversed by T to female levels (cortical bone mass and strength) irrespective of the time of administration or even fully up to adult male control values (trabecular parameters) in case of earlier T start. The lower bone mass in GnRHa-treated mice was associated with increased bone marrow adiposity, also reversed by T. In conclusion, prolonged GnRHa use started in prepubertal female mice modifies body composition toward more fat and less lean mass and impairs bone mass acquisition and strength. Subsequent T administration counteracts GnRHa impact on these parameters, shaping body composition and trabecular parameters to male values while restoring cortical bone architecture and strength up to female but not male control levels. These findings could help guide clinical strategies in transgender care. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Abstract
Prolonged puberty suppression with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) impacts body composition and skeletal characteristics in a mouse model mimicking the clinical strategy in trans boys. Some parameters are fully reversed to control male levels by gender-affirming hormone (GAH), for trabecular bone volume upon early but not late addition, whereas other parameters including cortical bone mass and strength only reach female values, irrespective of the time of testosterone administration.
Patient‐reported ability to walk 4 m and to wash: New clinical endpoints and predictors of survival in patients with pre‐terminal cancer
Authors: Anker Markus S. , Lena Alessia , Roeland Eric J. , Porthun Jan , Schmitz Sebastian , Hadzibegovic Sara , Sikorski Philipp , Wilkenshoff Ursula , Fröhlich Ann‐Kathrin , Ramer Luisa Valentina , Rose Matthias , Eucker Jan , Rassaf Tienush , Totzeck Matthias , Lehmann Lorenz H. , von Haehling Stephan , Coats Andrew J.S. , Friede Tim , Butler Javed , Anker Stefan D. , Riess Hanno , Landmesser Ulf , Bullinger Lars , Keller Ulrich , Ahn Johann 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMaintaining the ability to perform self‐care is a critical goal in patients with cancer. We assessed whether the patient‐reported ability to walk 4 m and wash oneself predict survival in patients with pre‐terminal cancer.MethodsWe performed a prospective observational study on 169 consecutive hospitalized patients with cancer (52% female, 64 ± 12 years) and an estimated 1–12 months prognosis at an academic, inpatient palliative care unit. Patients answered functional questions for ‘today’, ‘last week’, and ‘last month’, performed patient‐reported outcomes (PROs), and physical function assessments.ResultsNinety‐two (54%) patients reported the ability to independently walk 4 m and 100 (59%) to wash ‘today’. The median number of days patients reported the ability to walk 4 m and wash were 6 (IQR 0–7) and 7 (0–7) days (‘last week’); and 27 (5–30) and 26 (10–30) days (‘last month’). In the last week, 32% of patients were unable to walk 4 m on every day and 10% could walk on 1–3 days; 30% were unable to wash on every day and 10% could wash on 1–3 days. In the last months, 14% of patients were unable to walk 4 m on every day and 10% could only walk on 1–10 days; 12% were unable to wash on every day and 11% could wash on 1–10 days. In patients who could walk ‘today’ average 4 m gait speed was 0.78 ± 0.28 m/s. Patients who reported impaired walking and washing experienced more symptoms (dyspnoea, exertion, and oedema) and decreased physical function (higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status, and lower Karnofsky Performance Status and hand‐grip strength [unable vs. able to walk ‘today’: 205 ± 87 vs. 252 ± 78 Newton, P = 0.001; unable vs. able to wash ‘today’: 204 ± 86 vs. 250 ± 80 Newton, P = 0.001]). During the 27 months of observation, 152 (90%) patients died (median survival 46 days). In multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, all tested parameters were independent predictors of survival: walking 4 m ‘today’ (HR 0.63, P = 0.015), ‘last week’ (per 1 day: HR 0.93, P = 0.011), ‘last month’ (per 1 day: HR 0.98, P = 0.012), 4 m gait speed (per 1 m/s: HR 0.45, P = 0.002), and washing ‘today’ (HR 0.67, P = 0.024), ‘last week (per 1 day HR 0.94, p=0.019), and ‘last month’ (per 1 day HR 0.99, P = 0.040). Patients unable to walk and wash experienced the shortest survival and most reduced functional status.ConclusionsIn patients with pre‐terminal cancer, the self‐reported ability to walk 4 m and wash were independent predictors of survival and associated with decreased functional status.
Changes in volatile profile and related gene expression during senescence of tobacco leaves
Authors: Wen Lichao , Cao Jianmin , Li Wei , Guo Yongfeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDVolatile organic compounds are critical for food flavor and play important roles in plant–plant interactions and plants' communications with the environment. Tobacco is well‐studied for secondary metabolism and most of the typical flavor substances in tobacco leaves are generated at the mature stage of leaf development. However, the changes in volatiles during leaf senescence are rarely studied.RESULTSThe volatile composition of tobacco leaves at different stages of senescence was characterized for the first time. Comparative volatile profiling of tobacco leaves at different stages was performed using solid‐phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. In total, 45 volatile compounds were identified and quantified, including terpenoids, green leaf volatiles (GLVs), phenylpropanoids, Maillard reaction products, esters, and alkanes. Most of the volatile compounds showed differential accumulation during leaf senescence. Some terpenoids, including neophytadiene,β‐springene, and 6‐methyl‐5‐hepten‐2‐one, increased significantly with the progress of leaf senescence. Hexanal and phenylacetaldehyde also showed increased accumulation in leaves during senescence. The results from gene expression profiling indicated that genes involved in metabolism of terpenoids, phenylpropanoids, and GLVs were differentially expressed during leaf yellowing.CONCLUSIONDynamic changes in volatile compounds during tobacco leaf senescence are observed and the integration of gene‐metabolites datasets offers important readouts for the genetic control of volatile production during the process of leaf senescence. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.