bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Minimal Levator Ani Hiatus Area Based on MRI in Women without Pelvic Floor Dysfunction at Different Age Groups
Authors: He Xiaoyi , Du Qian , Chang Lingyu , Jiang Yan , Dou Weiqiang , Yu Dexin , Wang Qing , Guo Yiting , Wang Fang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the association of minimal levator ani hiatus area with age in women without pelvic floor dysfunction.
Methods: 552 female subjects aged one year ~90 years without pelvic floor dysfunction, divided into four groups (Group A, ≤29 years old; Group B, 30~39 years old; Group C, 40~49 years old; Group D, ≥50 years old) based on age, underwent traditional pelvic two dimension (2D) T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) axial to the body (AxB) for measuring the minimal levator ani hiatus area. 39 female volunteers were re-recruited to undergo both traditional pelvic 2D T2WI AxB and three dimension (3D) T2WI. An axial plane parallel to the direction of the puborectalis muscle (AxPRM) was acquired based on 3D T2WI. The difference of levator ani hiatus area measured on AxB and AxPRM images in 39 female volunteers was compared by one-sample t-test, to verify if minimal levator ani hiatus area can be acquired on traditional pelvic 2D T2WI AxB images. Spearman analysis evaluated the association of minimal levator ani hiatus area with age and the rank-sum test analyzed the area differences among four age groups.
Results: Female age was positively correlated with minimal levator ani hiatus area (r = 0.29; p < 0.001). The minimal levator ani hiatus areas of 552 subjects were: 13.74±3.48 cm2 in Group A, 15.52±2.21 cm2 in Group B, 16.03±2.16 cm2 in Group C and 16.40±2.10 cm2 in Group D. ANOVA showed significant statistical differences among four age groups (F=23.99, p＜0.0001). Significant differences in minimal levator ani hiatus areas were found between Group A and Group B (p = 0.0012), Group A and Group C (p < 0.0001), Group A and Group D (p < 0.0001), and Group B and Group D (p < 0.0001). There was no statistical difference in minimal levator ani hiatus areas measured on AxB and AxPRM images in 39 female volunteers (p = 0.1000).
Conclusions: Based on a large sample, this study summarized the minimum levator ani hiatus area of women without pelvic floor dysfunction in different age groups. We found significant differences among different age groups. In addition, a positive correlation was found between age and the minimum levator ani hiatus area. These findings can provide reference criteria for diagnosing pelvic organ prolapse in women of different age groups.
Temporal variation in environmental radioactivity and radiation exposure doses in the restricted areas around the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
Authors: Liu Mengjie , Taira Yasuyuki , Matsuo Masahiko , Orita Makiko , Matsunaga Hitomi , Kashiwazaki Yuya , Xiao Xu , Takamura Noboru 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Temporal variation and fluctuation in environmental contamination in Futaba town and Okuma town, the location of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), were evaluated based on a car-borne survey conducted from October 2021 to November 2022. Although the environmental radioactivity levels in the interim storage facility area (ISF) were higher than those in open areas (i.e., the evacuation-order-lifted areas in Futaba town and the specific reconstruction and regeneration base area [SRRB] in Okuma town), only minor changes were seen in the ambient dose and radiocesium detection rates in the ISF and SRRB, respectively. These findings suggest that such differences may be the result of multiple factors such as physical decay (decreasing factor) and radiocesium resuspension (non-decreasing factor) accompanied by human activity such as traffic and decontamination construction in these areas, in addition to weather conditions such as wind direction. However, the higher radiation exposure doses in the ISF and SRRB were estimated to be at a limited level (lower than the public dose). Therefore, to help ensure the safety and future prosperity of residents and communities in the affected areas around the FDNPP, long-term follow-up monitoring of temporal dose levels during the recovery and reconstruction phases is extremely important.
Independently Convolutional Gated Recurrent Neural Unit for Space based ADS-B Signal Separation with Single Antenna
Authors: Bi Yan , Li Chuankun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) is a critical technology to transform aircraft navigate through improving safety, efficiency, and overall effectiveness in the aviation industry. However, ADS-B signal overlapping is a large challenge, especially for space-based ADS-B system. The existing traditional methods cannot effectively separate overlapping signals with small difference such as power difference, carrier frequency difference. To solve this problem, we propose Independently Convolutional Gated Recurrent Neural Unit (Ind-CGRU) to build the encoder-decoder network. And Ind-CGRU explores the more temporal relationship of ADS-B signal to generate effective separation mask and improves the ADS-B signal separation performance. Experimental results on SRADSB dataset, demonstrate that the proposed Ind-CGRU achieves the good performance.
Fuzzy Optimization for Identifying Antiviral Targets for Treating SARS-CoV-2 Infection in the Heart
Authors: Chu Sz-Wei , Wang Feng-Sheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a fuzzy hierarchical optimization framework is proposed for identifying potential antiviral targets for treating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the heart. The proposed framework comprises four objectives for evaluating the elimination of viral biomass growth and the minimization of side effects during treatment. In the application of the framework, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and Ham’s medium were used as uptake nutrients on an antiviral target discovery platform. The prediction results from the framework reveal that most of the antiviral enzymes in the aforementioned media are involved in fatty acid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. However, six enzymes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis in Ham’s medium and three enzymes involved in glycolysis in DMEM are unable to eliminate the growth of the SARS-CoV-2 biomass. Three enzymes involved in glycolysis, namely BPGM, GAPDH, and ENO1, in DMEM combine with the supplemental uptake of L-cysteine to increase the cell viability grade and metabolic deviation grade. Moreover, six enzymes involved in cholesterol biosynthesis reduce and fail to reduce viral biomass growth in a culture medium if a cholesterol uptake reaction does not occur and occurs in this medium, respectively.
The relationship between GLR and in-hospital MACE in acute STEMI patients after emergency PCI
Authors: Yang Feiyun , Chen Qiusheng , Hao Lihui , Wang Lili , Chen Shuxia , Gu Jian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
At present, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in hospital after PCI of acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is still increasing gradually. Studies have shown that decreased lymphocyte and increased γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) are significantly associated with poor outcomes in STEMI patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between GGT/ lymphocyte (GLR) and in-hospital MACE in acute STEMI patients after emergency PCI.
Methods
A total of 225 patients with acute STEMI who underwent emergency PCI were divided into MACE group(n = 54) and non-MACE group(n = 171) according to whether MACE occurred in hospital. The baseline data between the two groups were compared, and the relationship between GLR and occurrence of in-hospital MACE was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. Subgroup analysis was used to examine the heterogeneity among specific populations. Finally, ROC was used to analyze the predictive value of GLR on the occurrence of in-hospital MACE.
Results
1. Compared with non-MACE group, the proportion of heart rate, Killip grade II-IV, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, GGT, creatinine, uric acid, GLR, and intra-aortic balloon pumping in MACE group were higher (P < 0.05). The proportion of systolic blood pressure, lymphocyte, estimated glomerular filtration rate and Killip grade I were lower (P < 0.05). 2. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis: the increase of GLR was significantly correlated with the occurrence of in-hospital MACE (P < 0.05). 3. In subgroup analysis, the extent to which GLR increased the incidence of in-hospital MACE with hypertension (OR = 1.11) was significantly better than that in non-hypertensive patients (OR = 1.05). 4. ROC showed that the AUC of GGT, lymphocyte and their ratio GLR for predicting the occurrence of in-hospital MACE were 0.623 (95%CI: 0.535–0.712, P = 0.006), 0.698 (95%CI: 0.620–0.775, P < 0.001) and 0.765 (95%CI: 0.690 ~ 0.840, P < 0.001), respectively.
Conclusions
This relationship between elevated GLR increases the incidence of in-hospital MACE after emergency PCI surgery in patients with acute STEMI is more pronounced in patients with hypertension. Meanwhile, GLR can be used as a predictor of in-hospital MACE in acute STEMI patients after emergency PCI.
Characteristic of gibbons’ arboreal bipedal walking.
Authors: Tanaka Ichirou 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Recent fossils of human bipedal ancestors, Ardipithecus ramidus, differed from any extant African ape. About the other relatives, living Asian gibbons, their habitats, forests, however, hid their lifestyles, especially locomotion by leaves in canopies. This study aimed to eliminate this obstacle and create a new comparison target for human bipedal evolution using a photogrammetry Software, 3DF zephyr which makes reliable measurements for absolute coordinates of bare deciduous trees in locomotion by gibbons. Here I show that white handed gibbons Hylobates lar, used not only suspension (brachiation) but also arboreal bipedal walking besides quadrupedal moving. The vertical angles of moving varied among their arboreal moving three styles. Less than 50 degrees of vertical angles, the gibbons progressed by brachiation or by bipedal walking. More than 50 degrees of vertical angles, the gibbons progressed by quadrupedal moving. The gibbons did not progress horizontally in quadrupedal moving like knuckle-walking by African chimpanzees and gorillas. The gibbons appeared to keep their torsos erect in all the three moving styles. The gibbons are not the specialists of brachiation, but use three arboreal locomotion patterns including arboreal bipedal walking. This is similar to our bipedal ancestor, Ardipithecus ramidus which lacks any characters typical of suspension, vertical climbing, or knuckle-walking.
Multiband Terahertz Metamaterial Perfect Absorber for Microorganisms Detection
Authors: Bhati Ruchi , Malik Anil 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We report a multi-resonant THz metamaterial perfect absorber-based biosensor in the working frequency range of 0.2 to 4THz for the sensing of microorganisms such as fungi, yeast, and pesticides. Nearly100% absorption is realized at f1 = 1.7T Hz, f2 = 2.8T Hz, f3 = 3.2T Hz, f4 = 3.5T Hz. To obtain optimum performance of the MPA, a mapping of amplitudes and shifts in the absorption resonance peaks with different structural parameters of the resonators is carried out. Investigations of the effect of the incidence angle of the THz wave on the absorption spectra of the MPA are also carried out. It is found that the incidence angle does not impact the stability of the lower resonance absorption peak (1.79T Hz). To better understand the mechanism of MPA, an equivalent circuit model using Advance Design System(ADS) software is developed. The calculated results through the model show similar trends as obtained in the simulations using CST. A significant frequency shift in the resonances is obtained with the application of microorganisms such as Penicillium chrysogenum (fungi), yeast, and pesticides (Imidacloprid, N, N-Diethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt trihydrate, Daminozide, N, N-Diethyldithiocarbamate sodium salt hydrate, and Dicofol) as testing analytes. The THz MPA-based biosensor has great potential to detect a very small change in the effective dielectric constant of the MPA environment therefore it can offer huge opportunities in label-free biosensing for future biomedical applications.
k-Carrageenan-based composite as an efficient acidic bio-based catalyst for the synthesis of 5- hydroxymethylfurfural from fructose
Authors: Darvishi Sima , Sadjadi Samahe , Monflier Eric , Heravi Majid M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A novel bio-based nanocomposite was designed based on modification of halloysite with k-carrageenan viaprecipitation polymerization with acrylic acid in aqueous media. Various analyses were conducted to verify the formation of the catalyst. Afterwards, it was tested as a solid acid catalyst for the dehydration of fructose, resulting in the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Effective parameters, such as catalyst amount, temperature, and the reaction time were optimized and it was revealed that 10 wt% catalyst at 100 °C gave the desired product in 97.9% yield in 35 min. The catalyst was also reusable and could be reused up to four runs. Comparison of the activity of the catalyst with halloysite and k-carrageenan confirmed superior activity of the former, which was attributed to its higher acidity and possible synergism between the components. Moreover, the composite with lower content of the polymeric moiety was less effective, approving the role of the conjugated polymeric part in the catalytic activity. Thus, the present protocol would open up an innovative opportunity for the preparation of a bio-based catalytic system from naturally occurring components. In fact, k-carrageenan as a carbohydrate containing acidic functionality in its backbone was successfully applied for improving the acidity of the nanocomposite.
Evaluation of the prognostic value of the platelet, neutrophil, monocyte, basophil, and eosinophil to lymphocyte ratios in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP)
Authors: Cui Xiao-Jiao , Xie Bo , Zhu Ke-Wei , Liao Qian-Qian , Zhou Jian-Cheng , Du Shan , Liu Xin-Xia , Chen Zhu-Jun , Yang Yong , Yi Xiaoqing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background: Severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) is a serious respiratory inflammation disease with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), basophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (BLR) and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR) in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP).
Methods: The study retrospectively included 554 patients with SCAP and healthy volunteers, and the clinical data were obtained from the electronic patient record (EMR) system. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay (LOS), overall survival (OS), admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), ICU LOS, and ICU mortality. The correlations of systemic inflammatory factors (PLR, NLR, MLR, BLR, and ELR) with primary and secondary outcomes were analyzed.
Results: In the patients with SCAP, both NLR and BLR were significant but independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality; NLR was negatively correlated with hospital LOS while ELR was positively correlated with hospital LOS; both increased NLR and BLR were associated with reduced OS, while increased ELR was associated with improved OS; increased PLR, NLR, MLR, and BLR were all correlated with elevated ICU admission rates, while increased ELR was correlated with reduced ICU admission rates; ELR was positively correlated with ICU LOS, whereas PLR, NLR, MLR, or BLR had no significant correlation with ICU LOS; both higher NLR and BLR were associated with elevated ICU mortality; PLR, NLR, and MLR were improved while ELR was lowered in patients with SCAP compared to healthy volunteers; PLR, NLR, and MLR were reduced while ELR was elevated when the patients were in recovery after treatment. Furthermore, BLR was elevated in patients with SCAP compared with healthy volunteers.
Conclusions: NLR and BLR were useful biomarkers for clinical outcomes in patients with SCAP.
Validation and implementation of marker-assisted selection (MAS) for the leafing date trait in Persian walnut populations from Iran
Authors: Fallah Mehdi , Paizila Aibibula , Karcı Harun , Arab Mohammad M. , Sarikhani Saadat , Suprun Ivan , Rasouli Mousa , Hassani Darab , Kafkas Salih , Vahdati Kourosh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The development of late-leafing genotypes is the greatest strategy to deal with the late-spring frosts (LSFs). Due to the long breeding cycle, marker-assisted selection (MAS) is a fast strategy for screening walnut populations in breeding programs. The first aim of this study was to validate Turkish molecular markers associated with leafing date on Iranian walnut population. In addition, our final goal was to implement MAS on the Iranian population and identify the late-leafing genotypes. For this purpose, validation of two polymorphic SSR primers, including JRHR209732 and CUJ-RBO12, was determined by 14 early- and late-leafing cultivars/genotypes. Then, MAS was implemented for a population of 91 Iranian walnuts obtained from a breeding program. The results showed that the markers introduced on the walnut population of Turkey were able to distinguish the walnut population originated from Iran. This shows that the walnut populations of these two countries are genetically close to each other. In addition, the results showed that alleles with band sizes of 277 and 115 were related to late-leafing, and band sizes of 289 and 92 to early-leafing. The phenological data of three consecutive years of leafing date and validation and implementation of MAS were consistent according to SSR analysis. SSR analysis identified 14 alleles for all accessions, with allele numbers ranging from 5 (CUJRBO12) to 9 (JRHR209732) and an av-erage value of 7 alleles per locus. All analyses showed a high level of leafing time variation in our studied population, and cluster analysis (CA) revealed the similarities and dissimilarities among the accessions by identifying four major clusters. Finally, based on screening by late-leaf alleles, geno-types Ch35T12, ChLa1, ChFr2, ChFr3, Ped35T1, Ped35T4, PedLa1, PedLa3, PedOp1, and ChPed2 were introduced as late-leafing genotypes.
Landslide hazard assessment and risk reduction in the rural community of Rampac Grande, Cordillera Negra, Peru
Authors: Klimeš Jan , Novotný Jan , Balek Jan , Rosario Ana Marlene , Torres Juan Carlos , Vargas Roque , López Darwing , Obispo Yeny , Roldán-Minaya Edgardo , Caballero Adriana , Jara Harrinson , Villafane Hilbert , Melgarejo Enver 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Reducing landslide risk is a complex task, which requires knowledge of various environmental and social characteristics, the use of acceptable technical solutions and the collaboration of several actors. Scientists are among them, though usually limited attention is paid to understanding their constraints for participation in long-term landslide risk reduction projects. This article summarizes expert involvement in the twelve years long landslide investigations in the Rampac Grande community and illustrates that the voluntary commitment to the Sendai Partnerships for landslide disaster risk reduction could motivate research institutions to assume responsibility for community-centred landslide risk reduction. It also points out the possible negative effects of the expert–community contacts disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions as one aspect increasing the community’s vulnerability to landslides. The study site represents a socially, culturally and geologically complex environment which limits applicable technical solutions for landslide risk reduction and demands a high level of community participation in all landslide risk reduction steps. Landslide surface movement monitoring and slope stability calculations show that the studied slopes are very close to failure. The detailed hazard assessment was combined with field investigations of household vulnerabilities to assess risk in the zone around the 2009 catastrophic landslide. Results show that high vulnerability, rather than very high hazard, is responsible for assigning houses to the high-risk classes. This finding points out the preferable direction of landslide risk reduction efforts.
Serum creatinine to cystatin C ratio in relation to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Wang Ruting , Huang Kai , Ying Hangfeng , Duan Jiahao , Feng Qinwen , Zhang Xinying , Wu Zifeng , Jiang Riyue , Zhu Bin , Yang Ling , Yang Chun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aims
The aim of this study is to analyze the sarcopenia index (SI), based on serum creatinine to cystatin C ratio, in heart failure (HF) patients, especially HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients, and to develop a prediction model for the diagnosis of HFpEF.
Methods
There were 229 HF patients and 73 healthy controls (HCs) enrolled in this study. Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the influence factors of HFpEF. A prediction model was constructed and optimized based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), displayed by nomogram and verified internally by the bootstrap sampling method (Bootstrap).
Results
SI was significantly different between the HF and HC groups (67.9 ± 13.0 vs. 98.6 ± 31.5). Atrial fibrillation (AF) (OR 6.336, 95% CI 2.511-15.988, P < 0.001) and SI (OR0.948, 95% CI 0.914-0.983, P = 0.004) were independently associated with HFpEF. Nine indicators, including SI, were included in the prediction model. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.902. In Bootstrap (500 resamples), the calibration curve was distributed approximately along the reference line. The prediction models with the additional features of AF and SI showed a significantly higher value of AUC (0.902 vs. 0.855, P < 0.01).
Conclusions
Low SI is an independent risk factor for hospitalized HF patients, especially HFpEF patients. HFpEF was better identified using this diagnostic prediction model, and the diagnostic efficacy of the model was significantly improved by two features, including SI and AF.
Predictive Mobility and Cost-Aware Flow Placement in SDN-Based IoT Networks: A Q-Learning Approach
Authors: Huang Gan , Ullah Ihsan , Huang Hanyao , Kim Kyung Tae 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as an innovative method of networking that offers effective Nanyang Institute of Technology management and remarkable flexibility. However, current SDN-based solutions address networks' static nature or concentrate primarily on backbone networks, where network dynamics have minimal impact. This research presents a new approach, specifically the mobility-aware adaptive flow entry placement scheme for SDN-based Internet of Things (IoT) environments, to address the mobility aspect of networks. The proposed scheme employs the Q-learning algorithm to predict the next possible location of end devices, while the cost-sensitive AdaBoost algorithm is utilized to select heavy and active flows. Consequently, efficient flow rules for incoming flows can be dynamically implemented without the need for intervention from the controllers. Extensive computer simulations demonstrate that this approach significantly enhances match probability and prediction accuracy, while concurrently reducing the number of table misses and resource expenditure compared to existing schemes.