bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon farming in paddy soil to increase soil C and soil health as an implementation of soil carbon 4 per mille
Authors: Dewi Widyatmani Sih , Nurhutami Shofie Rindi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Carbon farming in paddy soil is an important strategy to improve soil organic carbon and soil health to decrease greenhouse gasses (GHG) as support for the 4 per mile program initiated in COP21. This review paper will describe the improvement of C-organic content and soil health in paddy soils when carbon farming is implemented to mitigate the increase in temperature due to GHG. This paper was created based on a literature review from google scholar and other providers’ articles that can be accessed using the internet. The results showed that carbon farming cultivation management could improve soil C organic content, soil health and reduce GHG in the atmosphere. Differences in perspectives between land owners, land cultivators, and external parties are challenges in carbon farming. Supporting and implementing the carbon farming program by all parties is a critical success in implementing carbon farming on paddy soils
Conserving 30% of the Ocean: Indonesia’s Commitment and Effort towards the Global Urge
Authors: Maskun  , Assidiq Hasbi , Bachril Siti Nurhaliza , Mukarramah Nurul Habaib Al 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As a home to the largest continuous ecosystem, our ocean faces a serious threat under the changing climate. Concerns regarding the effectiveness of existing ocean governance have been raised, highlighting the need for timely mitigation and adaptation measures. Improving efforts for ocean protection is now seen as vital to maintaining the ecosystems and to reversing threats from climate crisis, this has resulted in a global pledge: conserving 30% of the ocean. The conservation call has been made to all states especially those in most vulnerable circumstances, including Indonesia. This study is devoted to assess Indonesia’s commitment in protecting the ocean especially on how the laws and regulations as well as public policy within its national legal framework has so far made responses to emerging threats. By applying a normative-empirical research method, this study reveals a need for more ambitious ocean-conservation legal standards. As international community moving towards nature-pact goal to conserve 30% of the ocean, Indonesia needs to put some serious effort to keep up with the global urge, one of which is by formulating appropriate policy and putting it into practice.
Treatment of Hospital Wastewater Using Combination of Ozone Technology With CaO and Moringa Seed (Moringa oleifera)
Authors: Nurilma Vidia Nisa , Masykuri M , Setyono Prabang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The ozonation process has been widely used as an alternative in hospital waste water treatment because of ozone as a strong oxidizing agent which is effective in degrading unsaturated pollutant bonds, as well as breaking down complex organics. Combination of Ozone, CaO, and Moringa seed (Moringa oleifera) as alternative technology has functions to reduce BOD and COD in hospital wastewater. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness application of ozone technology combined with CaO and Moringa seed. The ozonation contact time was 45 minutes, CaO concentration 4% at 3 ml/l, 2 g/l in Moringa seed, and combination of CaO and Moringa seed (v/w) of 1.5:1. This type of research is a quantitative research based pure experimental method with pretest-posttest design on a laboratory scale. Samples used by hospital Bung Karno, Surakarta, Central Java. The results showed at ozone levels of 0.058 - 0.064 g/hour combined with CaO and Moringa seed (v/w) 1.5:1 was able to produce an effective reduction BOD levels by 56.00% and the effectiveness of reducing COD levels to 63.57%. Univariate analysis showed that there was an effect on the COD and BOD parameters were significantly different with p-value < 0.05 using ozonation treatment combined with CaO:Moringa seed (v/w) 1.5:1. The mean result of COD level after treatment was 156.47 + 2.11 mg/l and BOD level after treatment was 47.42 + 1.81 mg/l.
Adaptation to Climate Change through a Social Innovation Approach in Keduang Watershed, Java, Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Agung , Suwarto  , Lestari Eny , Rahayu  
Published: April 2023

Abstract
An innovation system is an approach to economic development that uses science and technology to provide added value. A social innovation approach as an effort to adapt to climate change aims to understand and utilize climate and weather information/predictions to adjust planting times, patterns, and plant types in order to achieve optimal production of food commodities despite weather disruptions. This research aims to show the importance of a social innovation system as an approach to climate change adaptation. The research is qualitative with a case study strategy and a phenomenological approach. The target of a qualitative approach is a comprehensive description of social life. The analysis of qualitative data combines the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing of a conclusion in a repetitive and cyclic way. The research results show that the dimensions of social innovation in a model of integrated ecological agriculture are the form and character implemented and internalized in the structure. The model of technological input introduced is highly compatible with the approach strategy for climate change adaptation as it produces a relatively high yield, with greater profit, easier crop maintenance, and efficient irrigation, enabling farmers to produce vegetable commodities on a daily basis to facilitate marketing.
Organic materials to enhance climate change resilience on shallot production: a review
Authors: Murtiningsih R , Sopha G A , Marpaung A E , Tan S S , Cartika I , Lestari I P , Amisnaipa  , Rawung J B M , Hamdani K K , Gunadi N , Indrasti R , Haryati Y , Handayani T , Khaririatun N , Waluyo N 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Shallot is one of the most important vegetables for Indonesian people due to its circumstances as the main ingredient in many Indonesian foods. The use of organic materials as nutrient sources is growing, concerning the increasing consumer demands on organic products and environmental issues such as climate change. Using organic materials helps plants to mitigate and adapt the environmental changes. This review described the potential organic sources as liquid organic fertilizer to support shallot growth. The method of this review was a systematic literature review that was grouped by themes. Liquid organic fertilizer is one of the most effective ways to improve plant production. The results showed that the effect of liquid organic fertilizer depends on the raw materials that were used. Several organic materials that potentially enhance shallot production and quality would be discussed, including rabbit manure, black soldier fly manure (kasgot) and white lead tree leaves. Those organic materials contain a high concentration of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen that might accelerate shallot growth. The potential effect of those organic materials on increasing shallot production would be described briefly.
Traditions of soil and water conservation based on farmer knowledge as an adaptation to climate condition in dry land
Authors: Anshori A , Suswatiningsih T E , Mujiyo  , Susilawati H L 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Drought and decreased soil fertility are the classic problems in dry land agriculture. Farmers adapt these conditions in the form of soil and water conservation practices. This study aimed to find out 1) Tradition of soil and water conservation based on farmer knowledge as an adaptation to climate condition, and 2) Prospective technology for adaptation and mitigation of climate change in dry land. The research was conducted in the dry land of the karst area on Girisubo Gunungkidul D.I. Yogyakarta Indonesia, from September to November 2019, during the dry season. The research used the method of observation and farmer interviews. The results showed that tradition of conservation practices were carried out by farmers based on knowledge and information, with motive of economics and survival. Conservation practices as a form of adaptation, based on the management and potency of water, soil, and biomass resources. Water management includes making simple dam, making well, harvesting groundwater, and applying cropping pattern. Soil management includes making terrace, planting grass on terrace, and applying organic fertilizer. Conservation practice is one of the adaptive actions, with mitigation of climate change as a co-benefit. Practices that have the potential for adaptation with co-benefit mitigation are water and soil management, variety selection, direct seed planting, and composting. Farmers, as the main factor in tradition of conservation practices, determine the sustainability of agricultural system. SWC practices have potential to develop into adaptation co-benefit mitigation to climate change.
Analysis of the Implementation Rice Farming Insurance Program based on the Mapping of Rice Fields with High Flood Risk in Grobogan Regency
Authors: Khristanto D , Harisudin M , Irianto H 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Central Java Province in 2021 was the second largest rice producer in Indonesia, with Grobogan Regency as the largest producer in Central Java. It was chosen as the object of research because it is the largest producer in this province with a high level of vulnerability to crop failure. The highest factor of crop failure in Grobogan Regency is the flood disaster. Although they always face the risk of crop failure, the participation of farmers in this regency in rice farming insurance program is relatively low. From the spatial data of rice fields and potential flood disasters, it was found that Godong District is the area with the highest potential for crop failure in Grobogan District, followed by Brati District and Karangrayung District. The flood risk data paired with the participation data of the program for the last four years showed that three districts possess high potential for flood disasters, but the participation of the program is still low. The percentage of participation based on rice field area are Godong District 1.73%, Brati District 0.5%, and Karangrayung District with 0%. The interviews with farmers in the three districts found that most farmers were still not aware of the potential for flooding that could threaten their land, supported by the stigma of the insurance program in general, and public figures in the village who had not yet set an example for participating in this program.
The Impact of Air Pollution on the Happiness Index of ASEAN Communities
Authors: Khasanah Luvi , Suryanto  
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Happiness is the primary human goal, so a more inclusive, fair, and balanced approach is required to promote a sustainable economy, poverty alleviation, and the happiness and well-being of all people (SDGs Pyramid to Happiness, United Nations 2012). The Human Development Index (HDI) is one indicator that can be used as a benchmark for sustainable development that supports the implementation of the SDGs. In addition to HDI, Per capita income is also pivotal because it involves the community’s ability to meet basic human needs (clothing, board food). Air pollution is a complex problem in today’s society, which secretly seeks public health. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of the HDI, Per Capita Income, and Air Pollution on community happiness. The study population consisted of nine countries in the ASEAN region for the 2015-2019 period. This quantitative research uses secondary data from the World Bank, the United Nations Development Program, and the State of Global Air. The dependent variable used was the Happiness Index (HI), while the independent variables used were the Human Development Index (HDI), Per Capita Income (PCI), and Air Pollution (AP). In this study, to conduct panel data regression analysis, Random Effect Model is assisted with the statistical software Eviews 10. The results of this study indicate that PI (sig. 0,02; coefficient value 0,40) has a positive and significant effect, while HDI (sig. 0,30; coefficient value 1,37) has a positive and not significant effect on HI, and AP (sig. 0,47; coefficient value -0.02) has a negative and insignificant impact on HI. Therefore, the government and society must strive to improve the quality of human resources and the environment to increase people’s happiness.
Spatial modeling to understand the dynamics of land cover MODIS satellite data and Markov Chain
Authors: Wijayasari Winda , Rohmat Faizal Immaddudin Wira , Viridi Sparisoma 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The ever-increasing economic and population growth closely relates to the change in land cover. As a region grows, the land cover shifts from forests to agriculture and further to developed areas. Such a gradual change occurs slowly; however, understanding the land cover dynamics is essential to regional planning, especially in developing regions, including Indonesia. Despite its importance, studies on land cover changes in developing regions lack a coherent dataset, as many studies are based on ad-hoc approaches, resulting in embedded uncertainties. An example is the land cover classification using LANDSAT data in many parts of the developing countries lacking consistency. As an alternative, the MODIS dataset is a relatively new dataset produced by NASA, presenting a standardized land cover dataset with a 500×500 m resolution at global coverage. Such a standardized dataset gives consistency in land cover dynamics and future projections. This study presents the potential of MODIS and its use case in understanding land cover dynamics in an urbanizing watershed, i.e., the Majalaya Watershed in West Java, Indonesia. The study presents the use of Markov Chain Analysis in understanding the tendency of changes between land cover classes. This study also indicates future research directions to enrich the topic further.
The Use of Green Open Spaces as Climate Adaptation Effort During the Pandemic
Authors: Rini Erma Fitria , Rahayu Paramita , Andini Isti , Putri Rufia Andisetyana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Climate change does not only occur in general conditions, but also during a pandemic. Public green open space is seen as part of ecosystem services that play a major role in recovering from climate change, especially during the pandemic. But, higher accessibility to public green open space also means a higher risk of spreading infection due to the greater opportunity for people to meet each other. This study aims to see the use of green open spaces in Surakarta, even in pandemic Covid-19. The spatial correlation between Covid-19 cases and green open space usage will provide an overview of green open space usage in areas that has different risk of covid-19. Because green open space is an infrastructure that has the potential to be utilized by the community to improve health during a pandemic, it is also necessary to anticipate the behaviour of using green open space by the community. Therefore, in this study, the public’s perception of using green open space before and after/during the pandemic will also be seen. The results shows that green open space usage in Surakarta decreased during pandemic. But, it is not because of the pandemic, but because of the weather and personal reasons.
Optical absorption and photoluminescence properties of Cucurbita maxima dye adsorption on TiO2 nanoparticles
Authors: Mukhokosi Emma Panzi , Maaza Maliki , Tibenkana Muhammed , Botha Nandipha L , Namanya Loyce , Madiba I G , Okullo Michael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) are 3rd generation photovoltaic device that imitate photosynthesis in plants. The fundamental concept of a DSSCs is that the photoanode is covered by the dye as a sensitiser. Natural dyes from plant-based extracts have gained attention as alternatives to toxic and expensive commercial dye sensitisers. Various studies have been conducted on the use of natural plant dye extracts for DSSCs . However, more fundamental studies on their adsorption on TiO2 photoanode nanoparticles are still not well understood. In this study, we investigated the crystal structure, optical absorption, and photoluminescence properties of TiO2, Cucurbita maxima, and Cucurbita maxima dyes adsorbed on TiO2 nanoparticles as potential materials for DSSCs. Raman spectra confirmed the anatase phase of the TiO2 nanoparticles. The particle size of 12 ± 2 nm was confirmed through the transmission electron microscope. The optical absorption properties of Cucurbita maxima show two distinct absorption bands: blue visible (450–500 nm) and red visible (635–674 nm). The photoluminescence spectra of the dye extract and its adsorption onto the TiO2 nanoparticles showed two prominent peaks in the blue and red regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. No significant peak is observed in the green region of the electromagnetic spectrum. These studies shed more light on the fundamental properties of chlorophyll adsorption on TiO2 nanoparticles and their optical and photoluminescence properties for applications as sensitisers in DSSCs.
Structural, morphological, rheological study of chitosan modified bitumen composite
Authors: Perumal Deepa , Laad Meena , S Sangita 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The unavoidable aging of road pavements due to years of exposure to heavy traffic volume and climatic and environmental changes finally results in a decrease in the performance of the asphalt binder and the performance of the pavement. One of the major causes of road failures is due to poor performance of bitumen pavements and their maintenance. Rutting during hot summer and cracking during winter are the most common problems in the performance of bituminous roads (50 mm or thicker). In the present study, chitosan which is a crustacean waste, and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) which is a shoe sole waste are used as reinforcement materials in bitumen. Basic engineering tests rolling thin film test (RTFO), pressure aging vessel (PAV), etc, were performed on the bitumen composite to understand the impact of additives on bitumen’s physical characteristics. Advanced characterization methods, including x-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDAX), Raman Spectroscopy, Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR), Multiple stress Creep recovery (MSCR) were employed to examine the structural, morphological, compositional, and performance characteristics of bitumen.
Core-shell magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers: nanoparticles targeting selective androgen receptor modulators (sarms) and steroidal models
Authors: Sullivan Mark V , Dean Bethanie , Mates Aiden , Farrow Maria Elizabeth , Fletcher Connor , German Maddie , Patel Riya , Turner Nicholas W 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) (∼12 nm) were synthesized as the magnetic core for an imprinted polymer (MIP) shell using 4-vinylpyridine as the functional monomer and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TRIM) as the cross-linker, bringing the average size up to ∼45 nm. Five targets were imprinted—the Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs) andarine, ligandrol and RAD-140; and the steroids estradiol and gestrinone. All MMIPs produced good selectivity when loaded with a non-target molecule, with all calculated selectivity factors above the 1.2 recommended threshold and also demonstrated good affinity/capacity. The rebinding of the target molecules from a complex matrix was also explored by using spiked river water samples. The SARMs-based MMIPs were able to rebind 99.56, 87.63 and 72.78% of their target molecules (andarine, ligandrol and RAD-140, respectively), while the steroidal-based MMIPs were able to rebind 64.54 and 55.53% of their target molecules (estradiol and gestrinone, respectively) at a nominal loading of 20 ≈μg in 50 mg of NPs. This work highlights the potential of these bi-functional materials for trace material clean-up of complex samples and/or subsequent analysis and opens up possibilities for further simple, rapid-to-synthesise materials for targeted clean-up.
Sulfur dioxide derivatives aggravated ovalbumin-induced asthma through targeting TRPV1 and tight junctions
Authors: Zhou Liping , Lao Zishan , Fan Xinsheng , Hao Mengyang , Yang Yubing 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate the effects of sulfur dioxide (SO2) derivatives on asthma induced by ovalbumin (OVA). Sprague Dawley rats were sensitized to and challenged with OVA and SO2 derivatives (NaHSO3 and Na2SO3, 1:3 M/M) to establish 28-day (short-term) and 42-day (long-term) asthma models. Exposure to SO2 derivatives aggravated asthma and hence, promoted lung injury in OVA-induced asthma. In addition, it upregulated the protein expression of TRPV1 and downregulated the expression of tight junctions (TJs). These changes were dose-dependent and were more pronounced in the presence of a high concentration of SO2 derivatives. In vitro, SO2 derivatives also increased the calcium influx and TRPV1 protein expression, and decreased TJ expression. Besides, no significant difference in the TJ expression was found between the WT and TRPV1−/- mice. The underlying mechanism might be related to regulating the effects of TRPV1 and TJs.
PyHMMER: a Python library binding to HMMER for efficient sequence analysis
Authors: Larralde Martin , Zeller Georg 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Summary
PyHMMER provides Python integration of the popular profile Hidden Markov Model software HMMER via Cython bindings. This allows the annotation of protein sequences with profile HMMs and building new ones directly with Python. PyHMMER increases flexibility of use, allowing creating queries directly from Python code, launching searches, and obtaining results without I/O, or accessing previously unavailable statistics like uncorrected P-values. A new parallelization model greatly improves performance when running multithreaded searches, while producing the exact same results as HMMER.

Availability and implementation
PyHMMER supports all modern Python versions (Python 3.6+) and similar platforms as HMMER (x86 or PowerPC UNIX systems). Pre-compiled packages are released via PyPI (https://pypi.org/project/pyhmmer/) and Bioconda (https://anaconda.org/bioconda/pyhmmer). The PyHMMER source code is available under the terms of the open-source MIT licence and hosted on GitHub (https://github.com/althonos/pyhmmer); its documentation is available on ReadTheDocs (https://pyhmmer.readthedocs.io).
ConsAlign: simultaneous RNA structural aligner based on rich transfer learning and thermodynamic ensemble model of alignment scoring
Authors: Tagashira Masaki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMotivationTo capture structural homology in RNAs, alignment and folding (AF) of RNA homologs has been a fundamental framework around RNA science. Learning sufficient scoring parameters for simultaneous AF (SAF) is an undeveloped subject because evaluating them is computationally expensive.ResultsWe developed ConsTrain—a gradient-based machine learning method for rich SAF scoring. We also implemented ConsAlign—a SAF tool composed of ConsTrain’s learned scoring parameters. To aim for better AF quality, ConsAlign employs (1) transfer learning from well-defined scoring models and (2) the ensemble model between the ConsTrain model and a well-established thermodynamic scoring model. Keeping comparable running time, ConsAlign demonstrated competitive AF prediction quality among current AF tools.Availability and implementationOur code and our data are freely available at https://github.com/heartsh/consalign and https://github.com/heartsh/consprob-trained.