bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
World Organisation for Animal Health Members’ Capacity to Deal With Animal Welfare Emergencies During Natural Disasters in Europe
Authors: Vroegindewey Gary , Gruszynski Karen , Handler Daniel , Grudnik Tomasz , Balbo Roberto , Dalla Villa Paolo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Little is known about individual European countries or regional capacity to respond to animal welfare emergencies during natural disasters; therefore, it is important to establish baseline information (eg, types of disasters, training) to enable more focused and data-driven actionable support for future disasters.

Methods:
A 55-question survey was distributed by an email link to the 53 World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) European Region Members plus 1 observer country.

Results:
Forty-nine countries (91%, n = 54) responded to the survey. Fifty-one percent (25/49) indicated they incorporated animal welfare into their national disaster regulatory framework, whereas 59% (29/49) indicated animal welfare was incorporated in the Veterinary Service National Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Plan. Thirty-nine percent (19/49) indicated they had “no” or “limited” legal authority to manage animal emergencies in natural disasters. Floods, forest fires, and snowstorm/extreme cold were the 3 most commonly reported disasters over the last 10 years with 79% (27/34) reporting Veterinary Services was involved in managing these disasters.

Conclusion:
The survey results indicated a wide range in the capacity of WOAH European Member Countries to respond to animal welfare in natural disasters, highlighting the gaps and potential areas of improvement in this arena.
Gaetano Salvemini: profile of a transnational intellectual
Authors: Camurri Renato , Gussoni Alice 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGaetano Salvemini (1873–1957) is one of the most influential intellectuals of Italian and European twentieth-century history. As 2023 marks the 150th anniversary of Salvemini's birth, this special issue of Modern Italy aims to attract the attention of an international readership and contribute to filling the gap in scholarly publications in English, offering a tool to approach Salvemini's intellectual production and biography. We have chosen to focus on four aspects of Salvemini's life that we consider particularly suitable for introducing his personal trajectory and the evolution of his thinking, adopting a transnational approach: his interpretation of the Great War and the Adriatic question; his antifascist exile in Great Britain and, from 1934, in the United States; and the publication of his most important studies on Fascist Italy. The choice of these topics aims to shed light on Salvemini's contacts and stimulating exchanges with foreign scholars, his international experiences, and how these transformed his ideas on Liberal and Fascist Italy.
Sustainability assessment methodology oriented to soil-associated agricultural experiments
Authors: Monsalve Camacho Oscar Iván , Castillo-Romero Oscar Gonzalo , Bojacá Aldana Carlos Ricardo , Henao Toro Martha Cecilia 
Published: September 2023

Summary
A variety of established tools are available for agricultural sustainability assessment at global, regional, and farm geographical scales. However, no assessment has been reported in research literature to indicate their ability to provide insights about the most sustainable cropping system at plot level or experimental unit. Despite the environmental and social importance of soil in agricultural systems, many of the sustainability assessments use few or no indicators related to soil properties or processes. Hence, we propose a sustainability assessment methodology oriented to soil-associated agricultural experiments (SMAES) by defining its parameters through simulations and testing the methodology with real data from a fertilization tomato experiment with five treatments: chemical control (CR); organic control (OR); and organic:chemical ratios (OR) of 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25. The distance from the maximum, principal component analysis, and product of weighted indicator techniques were chosen for normalization, weighting, and aggregation in a single index process, respectively. Applying the SMAES methodology, the sustainability level of the treatments followed this sequence: CR (0.95) > O25:C75 (0.73) > O50:C50 (0.60) > O75:C25 (0.55) > OR (0.45). The proposed SMAES methodology allows soil researchers to define the best treatment through the interaction of the environmental, social, and economic dimensions of agricultural systems.
Philosophy
Authors: Vázquez Daniel 
Published: September 2023

The Ancient Commentators of Aristotle series has recently published three important volumes. The first two are the last instalments of Simplicius’ commentary on Aristotle's Physics, the culmination of a monumental endeavour that started in 2001 and now comprises twelve books. One of these two final volumes contains the translation of Simplicius’ On Aristotle Physics 1.1–2, the other is a detailed General Introduction to the whole commentary, both authored by Stephen Menn. In his acknowledgements, Menn explains that the translation began as a joint work with Rachel Barney, who contributed, among other things, by revising early drafts, composing the paragraph summaries, and collaborating on the endnotes. Unfortunately, we are told, she had to withdraw from the project, leaving Menn to finish it and take all responsibility for the final product. The translation is accompanied by an eighteen-page preface by the series editors, Michael Griffin and Richard Sorabji (which, in fact, offers a shorter version of Menn's General Introduction), and a twelve-page note on the text and translation. The translation is, of course, careful and beautifully assembled, supplied with diagrams by Henry Mendell.
The ‘Constitutional Reform’ and the Occupation
Authors: Kretzmer David 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe ‘constitutional reform’ planned by the government that assumed power in Israel in December 2022 is not an end in itself. Its aim is to provide the basis for planned policies and actions of the government that are incompatible with Israel's present constitutional order, and that are unlikely to stand up to judicial review before the present judges of the Supreme Court. This article discusses the connection between various parts of the reform and the plans to make a radical change in Israel's policies in the occupied West Bank. It examines the coalition agreement between PM Netanyahu's Likud party and the Religious Zionist Party, and exposes the connection between the commitment in that agreement to the policies regarding the occupation and the planned ‘reform’.
CEO Political Ideology and Voluntary Forward-Looking Disclosure
Authors: Elnahas Ahmed , Gao Lei , Hossain Md Noman , Kim Jeong-Bon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigates whether the management earnings forecasts of Republican and Democratic CEOs differ due to systematic differences in their information disclosure preferences. We find that Republican CEOs prefer a less asymmetric information environment than Democrat CEOs, and thus make more frequent, timelier, and more accurate disclosures than Democrat CEOs. Results using the propensity score matched sample and difference-in-differences analysis show that our results are unlikely to be driven by potential endogeneity. Our results are robust to controlling for various CEO characteristics and are stronger for firms with higher levels of institutional ownership and litigation risk.
Novel NKX2.5 variant associated with congenital heart disease and increased risk of malignant arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death
Authors: Helm Benjamin M. , Baud Rebecca , Shopp Laura , Kean Adam C. , Ayers Mark D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroduction:The NKX2.5 gene is an important cardiac developmental transcription factor, and variants in this gene are most commonly associated with CHD. However, there is an increased need to recognise associations with conduction disease and potentially dangerous ventricular arrhythmias. There is an increased risk of arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death in patients with NKX2.5 variants, an association with relatively less attention in the literature.Methods:We created a family pedigree and reconstructed familial relationships involving numerous relatives with CHD, conduction disease, and ventricular non-compaction following the sudden death of one family member. Two informative but distantly related family members had genetic testing to determine the cause of arrhythmias via arrhythmia/cardiomyopathy gene testing, and we identified obligate genetic-positive relatives based on family relationships and Mendelian inheritance pattern.Results:We identified a novel pathogenic variant in the NKX2.5 gene (c.437C > A; p. Ser146*), and segregation analysis allowed us to link family cardiac phenotypes including CHD, conduction disease, left ventricular non-compaction, and ventricular arrhythmias/sudden cardiac death.Conclusions:We report a novel NKX2.5 gene variant linking a spectrum of familial heart disease, and we also encourage recognition of the association between NKX2.5 gene and potentially dangerous ventricular arrhythmias, which will inform clinical risk stratification, screening, and management.
The Schematism of Reason from the Dialectic to the Architectonic
Authors: Filieri Luigi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn The Architectonic of Reason Lea Ypi argues that Kant ultimately fails in his attempt at grounding the systematic unity of reason because of the lack of the practical domain of freedom in the first Critique. I aim to advance a more nuanced reading of Kant’s alleged failure by (1) distinguishing between the schematism of the ideas in the Appendix to the Transcendental Dialectic and the schematism of pure reason in the Architectonic. (2) I suggest that, while the practical domain of freedom is not established in the first Critique, the Canon and the Architectonic do account for its condition: the practical employment of reason and its unity with the theoretical. I point out that while (3) the schematism of the ideas accounts for the sole systematic arrangement of the understanding’s cognitions and the regulative role of the ideas and the ideal, in the Architectonic, (4) the schematism of pure reason instead bears more generally on systematicity as reason’s way of proceeding in framing its own unitary whole and the unity between its two lawful employments.
Probabilistic simulation of phosphorus loss using the Vermont P-index: a bottom-up field to watershed approach
Authors: Dube Benjamin , Erickson Jon D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Anthropogenic nutrient loading from land use, especially agriculture, is a major threat to waterbodies worldwide. Efforts to govern nutrient pollution are increasingly based on simulation modeling for research, evaluation, and regulation. This study develops a novel approach to simulate nutrient losses from agriculture applied to the Lake Champlain basin in the US state of Vermont. The Vermont Phosphorus-Index—a farm-based empirical model regularly used for site evaluation—is scaled up to the basin level with high-resolution geographic data and probabilistic estimation of unknown parameters and management practices. Results are comparable with analyses using more data and computationally intensive tools. Important insights into basin-wide management include: (1) nutrient-management planning can significantly reduce P losses in a livestock-agriculture-dominated watershed by re-distributing manure applications from areas of high loss to low loss; (2) hotspot identification from geographic data alone may be deeply complicated by high underlying heterogeneity of soil phosphorus; and (3) probabilistic modeling using simple, field-scale models is a potentially useful complement to complex watershed process models. Findings suggest that currently available best-management practices will likely be insufficient to reach reduction targets in the most impaired sub-watersheds. Reductions of agricultural land use and herd size, particularly in intensive dairy operations, may be necessary.
Contrasting Population Projections to Induce Divergent Estimates of Landslides Exposure Under Climate Change
Authors: Lin Qigen , Steger Stefan , Pittore Massimiliano , Zhang Yue , Zhang Jiahui , Zhou Lingfeng , Wang Leibin , Wang Ying , Jiang Tong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAt first glance, assessing future landslide‐exposed population appears to be a straightforward task if landslide hazard estimates, climate change, and population projections are available. However, the intersection of landslide hazard with socioeconomic elements may result in significant variation of estimated landslide exposure due to considerable variations in population projections. This study aims to investigate the effects of different sources of population data on the evaluation of landslide‐exposed population in China under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) scenarios. We utilize multiple global climate models (GCMs) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 and six high‐resolution spatially explicit static and dynamic population data sets to drive available landslide models. The results indicate an overall rise in landslide hazard projections, with an increase in the potential impact area of 0.4%–2.7% and an increase in the landslide frequency of 4.7%–20.1%, depending on the SSPs scenarios and future periods. However, the likely changes in future landslide exposed population, as modeled by incorporating population data from different sources with landslide hazard, yield divergent outcomes depending on the population data source. Thus, some of the projections depict an increase in future landslide exposure, while others show a clear decrease. The nationwide divergence ranged from −64% to +48%. These divergent findings were mainly attributed to differences in population data and a lesser extent to variations in GCMs. The present findings highlight the need to pay closer attention to the dynamic evolution of the elements at risk and the associated data uncertainties.
Climate Base State Influences on South Asian Monsoon Processes Derived From Analyses of E3SMv2 and CESM2
Authors: Meehl Gerald A. , Shields Christine A. , Arblaster Julie M. , Neale Richard , Hu Aixue , Annamalai H. , Golaz Jean‐Christophe , Fasullo John , Rosenbloom Nan , Van Roekel Luke , Capotondi Antonietta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effects of differences in climate base state are related to processes associated with the present‐day South Asian monsoon simulations in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 2 (E3SMv2) and the Community Earth System Model version 2 (CESM2). Though tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean base state sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are over 1°C cooler in E3SMv2 compared to CESM2, and there is an overall reduction of Indian sector precipitation, the pattern of South Asian monsoon precipitation is similar in the two models. Monsoon‐ENSO teleconnections, dynamically linked by the large‐scale east‐west atmospheric circulation, are reduced in E3SMv2 compared to CESM2. In E3SMv2, this is related to cooler tropical SSTs and ENSO amplitude that is less than half that in CESM2. Comparison to a tropical Pacific pacemaker experiment shows, to a first order, that the base state SSTs and ENSO amplitude contribute roughly equally to lower amplitude monsoon‐ENSO teleconnections in E3SMv2.
Energetic Electron Flux Dropouts Measured by ELFIN in the Ionospheric Projection of the Plasma Sheet
Authors: Shen Yangyang , Artemyev Anton V. , Runov Andrei , Angelopoulos Vassilis , Liu Jiang , Zhang Xiao‐Jia , Weygand James M. , Wu Jiashu , Tsai Ethan , Wilkins Colin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLow‐altitude observations of magnetospheric particles provide a unique opportunity for remote probing of the magnetospheric and plasma states during active times. We present the first statistical analysis of a specific pattern in such observations, energetic electron flux dropouts in the low‐altitude projection of the plasma sheet. Using 3.5 years of data from the ELFIN CubeSats we report the occurrence distribution of 145 energetic electron flux dropout events and identify characteristics, including their prevalence in the dusk and premidnight sectors, their association with substorms and enhanced auroral activities, and their correlation with the region‐1 (R1) field‐aligned current region. We also investigate three representative dropout events which benefit from satellite conjunctions between ELFIN, GOES, and THEMIS, to better understand the magnetospheric drivers and magnetic field conditions that lead to such dropouts as viewed by ELFIN. One class of dropouts may be associated with magnetic field mapping distortions due to local enhancements and thinning of cross‐tail current sheets and amplification of R1 field‐aligned currents. The other class may be associated with the increase in perpendicular anisotropy of magnetospheric electrons due to magnetic field dipolarizations near premidnight. These plasma sheet flux dropouts at ELFIN provide a valuable tool for refining magnetospheric models, thereby improving the accuracy of field‐line mapping during substorms.
Cobble Tracking Observations at Torrey Pines State Beach, CA, USA
Authors: Young Adam P. , Matsumoto Hironori , Spydell Matthew S. , Dickson Mark E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCobbles provide a nature‐based method to help generate beach stability. However, few detailed cobble movement observations exist. This study deployed 344 radio‐frequency identification tagged cobbles in a California beach in November–December 2020. Coincident LiDAR surveys quantified beach morphology. Cobbles were mapped daily for 10 days and then ∼ monthly until January 2023. Cobble detection rates ranged 17%–92%, and generally declined with time (with slight increases during winter months). Cobble movement exhibited complex patterns, sometimes moving in opposing directions during the same time period. Large winter waves (up to ∼4 m) resulted in average displacements of 40 m per month between November 2020 and April 2021. From April 2021 to August 2022, most cobbles were located high on the beach and net alongshore movements were relatively low, despite several moderate size (∼2 m) wave events. The largest wave event in January 2023 (>4 m) moved cobbles to the highest elevations of the study period. The initial release location and accommodation space in the back beach influenced cobble movement and final position. Cobbles high on the beach were relatively stable compared to lower elevation cobbles, and more than half of all cobble detections were within 50 m of the initial release location. However, three cobbles moved >500 m. The probability distribution of displacement was approximately exponential. Statistically, alongshore cobble spreading followed a non‐Gaussian subdiffusive process. Despite myriad sources of noise, the results suggest that cobble shape and mass were related to maximum cobble displacement. Overall, displacements increased with incident wave energy and depended on elevation relative to total water level.
“Interesting and useful, extreme and ultimate”: an interview with Prof. Huigao Duan
Authors: Ding Shuai 
Published: September 2023

EditorialHe is an explorer in micro-nano manufacturing, an adventurer in interdisciplinary studies, an impassioned educator; an ever-curious reader, a lover of sports, and a coffee connoisseur. In this episode of Light People Interview, we are honored to have Prof. Huigao Duan from Hunan University share his insights on micro-nano manufacturing, planar optics, teaching, nurturing, reading, growing up, and hobbies. “A man with a great smile”, “a good teacher,” and “an interesting soul” are just some of the descriptions that came through my mind during my conversation with him. Today, let’s get to know this outstanding scholar who pursues “interesting and useful, extreme and ultimate” in micro-nano manufacturing and optics.
Oit3, a promising hallmark gene for targeting liver sinusoidal endothelial cells
Authors: Li Zhi-Wen , Ruan Bai , Yang Pei-Jun , Liu Jing-Jing , Song Ping , Duan Juan-Li , Wang Lin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLiver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) play a pivotal role in maintaining liver homeostasis and influencing the pathological processes of various liver diseases. However, neither LSEC-specific hallmark genes nor a LSEC promoter-driven Cre mouse line has been introduced before, which largely restricts the study of liver diseases with vascular disorders. To explore LSEC-specific hallmark genes, we compared the top 50 marker genes between liver endothelial cells (ECs) and liver capillary ECs and identified 18 overlapping genes. After excluding globally expressed genes and those with low expression percentages, we narrowed our focus to two final candidates: Oit3 and Dnase1l3. Through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and analysis of the NCBI database, we confirmed the extrahepatic expression of Dnase1l3. The paired-cell sequencing data further demonstrated that Oit3 was predominantly expressed in the midlobular liver ECs. Subsequently, we constructed inducible Oit3-CreERT2 transgenic mice, which were further crossed with ROSA26-tdTomato mice. Microscopy validated that the established Oit3-CreERT2-tdTomato mice exhibited significant fluorescence in the liver rather than in other organs. The staining analysis confirmed the colocalization of tdTomato and EC markers. Ex-vivo experiments further confirmed that isolated tdTomato+ cells exhibited well-differentiated fenestrae and highly expressed EC markers, confirming their identity as LSECs. Overall, Oit3 is a promising hallmark gene for tracing LSECs. The establishment of Oit3-CreERT2-tdTomato mice provides a valuable model for studying the complexities of LSECs in liver diseases.
The origin of suspended particulate matter in the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Bahadori Mohammad , Chen Chengrong , Lewis Stephen , Wang Juntao , Shen Jupei , Hou Enqing , Rashti Mehran Rezaei , Huang Qiaoyun , Bainbridge Zoe , Stevens Tom 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRiver run-off has long been regarded as the largest source of organic-rich suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), contributing to high turbidity, pollutant exposure and increasing vulnerability of coral reef to climate change. However, the terrestrial versus marine origin of the SPM in the GBR is uncertain. Here we provide multiple lines of evidence (13C NMR, isotopic and genetic fingerprints) to unravel that a considerable proportion of the terrestrially-derived SPM is degraded in the riverine and estuarine mixing zones before it is transported further offshore. The fingerprints of SPM in the marine environment were completely different from those of terrestrial origin but more consistent with that formed by marine phytoplankton. This result indicates that the SPM in the GBR may not have terrestrial origin but produced locally in the marine environment, which has significant implications on developing better-targeted management practices for improving water quality in the GBR.