bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Force-dependent Fluxes of Adiabatic Classical and Quantum Rocking Ratchets
Authors: Shapochkina I. V. , Rozenbaum V. M. 
Published: December 2022

We consider the adiabatic mode of Brownian particle motion in a periodic potential under the action of symmetric dichotomous fluctuations of an external force F with zero mean value (rocking ratchet), in which the fluctuation frequency is much less than the inverse relaxation time of the particle in each of the states of the dichotomous process. Expressions are given for force-dependent fluxes of an adiabatic classical rocking ratchet. In the absence of thermal fluctuations, within the semiclassical approximation, analytical expressions are obtained for the rocking-ratchet tunneling flux in a sawtooth periodic potential of arbitrary asymmetry and in the potential of two sinusoids. It is shown that the tunneling flux has a linear asymptotics in modulus of small F due to (i) the absence of reverse tunneling fluxes with respect to the direction F and (ii) the root dependence of the integrand of the Gamow formula on the potential energy. The main parameters of the model are the energy barrier V0 and the period L of the potentials, as well as the rocking force F and the asymmetry parameter ξ = l / L of the sawtooth potential with the width of one of its teeth equal to l. It is shown that the direction of quantum ratchet motion is opposite to the motion direction of the corresponding classical ratchet in a limited range of values of the rocking force |F| L / V0 < αc , where the parameter αc changes from the value α1 = (√5 − 1) / 2 ≈ 0.618 for the extremely asymmetric sawtooth potential (ξ = 1) to the value α2 = 2 / 3 ≈ 0.667 for the symmetric potential (ξ= 1 / 2). In the range of values α2 < αc < α2, the sign of the tunneling flux changes with the change in the asymmetry parameter ξ. Numerical calculations for the potential of two sinusoids corresponding to the effective value ξ ≈ 0.655 of the asymmetry lead to similar results with αc ≈ 0.81.
Digital Flashcards as Media to Engage Students’ Vocabularies: A CAR Conducted to Young Learners at Windeerlust Course
Authors: Parahiba Yefona 
Published: December 2022

One of the issues in teaching English to young learners is students’ low mastery of vocabulary due to unattractive learning activities. The lack of vocabulary mastery causes students’ low achievement. This case also happens in Windeerlust Course. Therefore, the researcher conducted this study. The purpose of this study was to find out how digital flashcards were integrated into the learning process. The study was carried out in a class that consist of seven students at Windeerlust Course. The methodology implemented in this study was Classroom Action Research (CAR), which entails four steps: planning, data collection, observation, and reflection. The researcher used field notes, questionnaires, an interviewing guide, an observation checklist, documentation, and tests to gather data. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were used for the research data analysis. Qualitative analysis was implemented to find the student learning behavior that was represented in their learning using flashcards. Quantitative analysis was implemented to measure students' vocabulary scores both before and after the research. The findings of this study demonstrate that utilizing digital flashcards to teach vocabulary increases students' attention and enthusiasm. Additionally, it has been discovered that using digital flash card might help children comprehend language better. After being taught vocabulary utilizing flashcards as a learning tool, students' vocabulary achievement has significantly improved.

Keywords: Digital Flashcard; Vocabulary; Classroom Action Research; Young Learner; Language Learning.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MOTORIK HALUS ANAK MELALUI PERMAINAN KOLASE KELOMPOK USIA 5-6 TAHUN DI TK BAKTI PERTIWI KECAMATAN PENAWARTAMA KABUPATEN TULANG BAWANG
Authors: ANGGRAINI PRADWITA - 
Published: December 2022

Perkembangan motorik halus halus adalah kemampuan yang terdapat pada setiap anak yang memerlukan dasar-dasar keterampilan melalui latihan, keterampilan motorik halus anak merupakan gerakan koordinasi antara mata dengan tangan sehingga memepengaruhi gerak otot kecil seperti jari tangan, lengan dan pergelangan tangan. Media kolase adalah suatu usaha yang dilakukan untuk mengembangkan motorik halus anak di TK Bakti Pertiwi Kecamatan Penawartama Kabupaten Tulang Bawang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan media kolase dalam Mengembangkan Motorik Halus Anak dan untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat penggunaan media kolase dalam Mengembangkan Motorik Halus Anak di TK Bakti Pertiwi Kecamatan Penawartama Kabupaten Tulang Bawang.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Adapun teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, data display dan verification. Dan untuk menguji keabsahan menggunakan triangulasi sumber dan teknik.
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan media kolase dalam mengembangkan motorik halus pada anak di TK Bakti Pertiwi Kecamatan Penawartama Kabupaten Tulang Bawang menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Hasil pencapaian guru dalam mengembangkan motorik halus pada anak di TK Bakti Pertiwi Kecamatan Penawartama Kabupaten Tulang Bawang adalah kemampuan dalam menempelkan benda disuatu gambar dan mengkoordinasi gerakan mata dan tangan, lengan,dan tubuh secara bersamaan. Faktor pendukung dalam penelitian ini adalah guru sebagai pendidik yang kreatif dalam menyampaikan pembelajaran, media yang digunakan dalam pembelajaran sesuai dengan kriteria, anak yang aktif dan memahami pembelajaran berkolase. Sedangkan faktor penghambat dalam pembelajaran kolase yaitu sebagian anak yang malas dalam belajaran kolase, gerak fisik anak, dan kurangnya rangsangan.
Kata Kunci: Perkembangan Motorik Halus,Media Kolase
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM TANGERANG LIVE TERHADAP KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT DI KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Setiawati Fitri 
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kebijakan program Tangerang Live (livable, investable, visitable, e-city), mengetahui tingkat pengenalan masyarakat, dan mengukur tingkat kepuasan masyarakat terhadap program Tangerang Live. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan bersifat deskriptif, sedangkan jenis penelitian menggunakan studi kasus. Sebagai informan di dalam penelitian ini adalah sampel yang dipilih secara purposive sebanyak 5 orang dengan alat analisis koding data menggunakan program NVivo 12. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi program Tangerang Live di Kota Tangerang sudah dilaksanakan dengan baik, dan sudah melalui tahapan perencanaan. Akan tetapi di dalam perumusan program tetap perlu melibatkan semua unsur pimpinan birokrasi mulai dari pimpinan level atas, menengah dan bawah. Pemerintah Kota Tangerang juga perlu melakukan langkah evaluasi secara menyeluruh terhadap program yang sedang di jalankan selama ini. Pada tingkat pengenalan terhadap program Tangerang Live ditemukan bahwa pemerintah Kota Tangerang perlu melakukan sosialisasi secara masif kepada masyarakat. Langkah sosialisasi itu berupa memperkenalkan program Tangerang Live dan memperkenalkan aplikasi Tangerang Live. Pada kepuasan masyarakat ditemukan bahwa pemerintah Kota Tangerang harus terus mempertahankan tingkat kepuasan masyarakat yang sudah cukup tinggi, baik kepuasan terhadap layanan aplikasi Tangerang Live atau item-item program yang menjadi indikator program Tangerang Live.
Early intestinal microbiota changes in aged and adult mice with sepsis
Authors: Yuan Yangyang , Liu Shaohua , Ding Xianfei , Li Ying , Zhang Xiaojuan , Song Heng , Qi Xueyan , Zhang Zihao , Guo Kaiyuan , Sun Tongwen 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe mortality rate associated with sepsis in elderly individuals is higher than that in younger individuals. The intestinal microbiota has been demonstrated to play an important role in the occurrence and development of sepsis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the intestinal microbiota between aged and adult mice with sepsis.MethodsThirty male C57BL mice were randomly divided into two groups: 15 in the adult group (AD group) and 15 in the age group (Age group). All the mice underwent caecal ligation and puncture to induce sepsis. Mice faeces were collected, and analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. The liver and colon tissues were collected.ResultsThere were significant differences in intestinal microbiota composition between the two groups. Compared with adult sepsis mice, the diversity of intestinal microbiota in the aged group was significantly reduced and the structure of dominant intestinal microbiota was changed. In the Age group, the microbiota associated with inflammatory factors increased, and the microbiota associated with the production of SCFAs (Ruminiclostridium, Prevotellaceae_UCG-001, Rikenella, Parabacteroides, Oscillibacter, Odoribacter, Muribaculum, Lachnoclostridium, Intestinimonas, Faecalibaculum, Anaerotruncus, Alloprevotella and Absiella) decreased. The metabolic pathways related to the microbiota also changed. Moreover, the proportion of inflammatory factors in Age group was higher than that in AD group.ConclusionOur results showed that there were significant differences in the abundance and structure of microbiota between aged and adult sepsis mice, Aged sepsis mice have more severe intestinal microbiota destruction and liver tissue inflammation than adult sepsis mice.
Spatio-Temporal Forecasting of Global Horizontal Irradiance Using Bayesian Inference
Authors: Sigauke Caston , Chandiwana Edina , Bere Alphonce 
Published: December 2022

Accurate global horizontal irradiance (GHI) forecasting promotes power grid stability. Most of the research on solar irradiance forecasting has been based on a single-site analysis. It is crucial to explore multisite modeling to capture variations in weather conditions between various sites, thereby producing a more robust model. In this research, we propose the use of spatial regression coupled with Gaussian Process Regression (GP Spatial) and the GP Autoregressive Spatial model (GP-AR Spatial) for the prediction of GHI using data from seven radiometric stations from South Africa and one from Namibia. The results of the proposed methods were compared with a benchmark model, the Linear Spatial Temporal Regression (LSTR) model. Five validation sets each comprised of three stations were chosen. For each validation set, the remaining five stations were used for training. Based on root mean square error, the GP model gave the most accurate forecasts across the validation sets. These results were confirmed by the statistical significance tests using the Giacommini–White test. In terms of coverage probability, there was a 100% coverage on three validation sets and the other two had 97% and 99%. The GP model dominated the other two models. One of the study’s contributions is using standardized forecasts and including a nonlinear trend covariate, which improved the accuracy of the forecasts. The forecasts were combined using a monotone composite quantile regression neural network and a quantile generalized additive model. This modeling framework could be useful to power utility companies in making informed decisions when planning power grid management, including large-scale solar power integration onto the power grid.
Controlling Laser Irradiation with Tissue Temperature Feedback Enhances Photothermal Applications: Ex-Vivo Evaluation on Bovine Liver
Authors: Kaya Özgür , Düzgören İpek , Çilesiz İnci , Gülsoy Murat 
Published: December 2022

Achieving repeatable and successful results without causing excessive collateral damage is of paramount importance for photothermal laser applications. Predetermined laser parameters cannot ensure patient safety and treatment success due to variance between optical and thermal characteristics among subjects. Controlling laser irradiation with tissue temperature feedback is the current gold standard for various photothermal treatments (PTT) which are rate processes described by the Arrhenius temperature integral. This study establishes the validity of our low-cost design that makes tissue surface temperature control during photothermal laser applications more accessible in resource limited clinical environments. We demonstrated the practical performance and potential of our system with ex-vivo bovine liver irradiation using an ytterbium fiber laser (λ=1071 nm) with two independent variables: laser power (3.4 W, 6.8 W and 10.2 W) and target surface temperature (55 °C, 65 °C and 75 °C). Our system efficiently maintained tissue surface temperatures at target values in all laser power groups. In contrast, fixed-dose application groups displayed a high final temperature range and variation in the control experiment. Temperature–time responses of samples varied significantly, in agreement with a wide range of optical and thermal coefficients. Long exposure duration groups (lower power, higher target temperature) displayed more radical differences suggesting a dominance of optical and thermal characteristics over the response. The low-cost surface-temperature-controlled medical laser system we have developed is capable of ensuring the success and reproducibility of PTT modalities and patient safety.
In Vitro Assessment of Yeasts Strains with Probiotic Attributes for Aquaculture Use
Authors: Diguță Camelia Filofteia , Mihai Constanța , Toma Radu Cristian , Cîmpeanu Carmen , Matei Florentina 
Published: December 2022

This study aimed to investigate in vitro the probiotic potential of three yeasts strains (BB06, OBT05, and MT07) isolated from agro-food natural sources. Screening was performed, including several functional, technological, and safety aspects of the yeast strains, in comparison to a reference Saccharomyces boulardii, to identify the ones with suitable probiotic attributes in aquaculture. The yeast strains were identified by 5.8S rDNA-ITS region sequencing as Metschnikowia pulcherrima OBT05, Saccharomyces cerevisiae BB06, and Torulaspora delbrueckii MT07. All yeast strains were tolerant to different temperatures, sodium chloride concentrations, and wide pH ranges. S. cerevisiae BB06 showed a strong and broad antagonistic activity. Moreover, the S. cerevisiae strain exhibited a high auto-aggregation ability (92.08 ± 1.49%) and good surface hydrophobicity to hexane as a solvent (53.43%). All of the yeast strains have excellent antioxidant properties (>55%). The high survival rate in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) can promote yeast isolates as probiotics. All yeast strains presented a resistance pattern to the antibacterial antibiotics. Non-hemolytic activity was detected. Furthermore, freeze-drying with cryoprotective agents maintained a high survival rate of yeast strains, in the range of 74.95–97.85%. According to the results obtained, the S. cerevisiae BB06 strain was found to have valuable probiotic traits.
Genome-Wide Identification of MIKCc-Type MADS-Box Family Gene and Floral Organ Transcriptome Characterization in Ma Bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro)
Authors: Yang Deming , Yang Jing , Wan Jiayi , Xu Yanping , Li Lei , Rong Jundong , Chen Lingyan , He Tianyou , Zheng Yushan 
Published: December 2022

Most bamboos die after flowering, and the molecular mechanisms responsible for flowering is poorly understood. The MIKCc-type MADS-box family gene is involved in the flowering process. To explore the mechanism of the MIKCc-type MADS-box gene and phytohormone regulation in the flowering of Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro (D. latiflorus), characterized by extremely rapid growth and widely cultivated woody bamboo, we initially did a genome-wide analysis of the MIKCc-type MADS-box gene in D. latiflorus. In the meantime, transcriptome analysis was performed using the floral organs. A total of 170 MIKCc-Type MADS-Box genes were identified and divided into 15 categories. The cis-acting element analysis in promoters regions revealed that MIKC-type MADS-box family genes were associated with hormones, including auxin, abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA) and jasmonic acid (JA), which was found at 79, 476, 96, 486 sites and cover 61, 103, 73, 128 genes. Genome synteny analysis showed subgenome AA and BB were better than CC and obtained 49, 40, 39 synteny genes compared with Oryza sativa (O. sativa). In transcriptome analysis of floral organs, the enriched pathway from DEGs included circadian, vernalization and gibberellin pathways associated with the flowering process. We found that the jasmonic acid synthesis gene is highly expressed in the pistil, which may be the cause of Ma bamboo pollen abortion. The expression profile showed that most MIKC-type MADS-box genes exhibited high expression in flower organs. The consequences of this study will provide insight into the irregular flowering and low pollen counts of Ma bamboo.
Overexpression of Mtr-miR319a Contributes to Leaf Curl and Salt Stress Adaptation in Arabidopsis thaliana and Medicago truncatula
Authors: Li Mingna , Xu Lei , Zhang Lixia , Li Xiao , Cao Chunyu , Chen Lin , Kang Junmei , Yang Qingchuan , Liu Yajiao , Sod Bilig , Long Ruicai 
Published: December 2022

Salt stress is a worldwide agronomic issue that limits crop yield and quality. Improving salt stress tolerance via genetic modification is the most efficient method to conquer soil salinization problems in crops. Crop miRNAs have been declared to be tightly associated with responding and adapting to salt stress and are advantageous for salt tolerance modification. However, very few studies have validated vital salt tolerance miRNAs and coupled potent target genes in Medicago species, the most economically important forage legume species. In this study, Mtr-miR319a, a miRNA that was identified from the previous next-generation sequencing assay of salt-treated Medicago truncatula, was overexpressed in M. truncatula and Arabidopsis thaliana, inducing the curly leaves and salt stress tolerance phenotypes. Combining the elevated expression level of Mtr-miR319a in the M. truncatula overexpression lines under normal and salt-treatment conditions, the regulatory roles of Mtr-miR319a in leaf development and salt stress adaptation were demonstrated. Several predicted target genes of Mtr-miR319a were also regulated by Mtr-miR319a and were associated with the aforementioned phenotypes in M. truncatula plants, most notably MtTCP4. Our study clarified the functional role of Mtr-miR319a and its target genes in regulating leaf development and defending salt stress, which can help to inform crop breeding efforts for improving salt tolerance via genetic engineering.
Comparative Effectiveness of Filamentous Fungi in Biocontrol of Meloidogyne javanica and Activated Defense Mechanisms on Tomato
Authors: Hajji-Hedfi Lobna , Hlaoua Wassila , Al-Judaibi Awatif A. , Rhouma Abdelhak , Horrigue-Raouani Najet , Abdel-Azeem Ahmed M. 
Published: December 2022

The nematicidal potential of five filamentous fungi as biological control agents (BCAs) against the root-knot nematode (RKN), Meloidogyne javanica, infecting tomato was assessed in vitro and in pot experiments. The five promising native taxa, namely Trichoderma longibrachiatum, T. harzainum, T. asperellum, Lecanicillium spp., and Metacordyceps chlamydosporia, were selected to compare their effectiveness against both chemical (Mocap, 10% ethoprophos) and biological (abamectin) nematicides on M. javanica reproduction indices and plant growth parameters. The stimulation of defense mechanisms was assessed by monitoring changes in the enzymatic activities of the polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), lipid peroxidation (MDA), phenols, and proteins content of tomato roots. The laboratory assays revealed that T. longibrachiatum, M. chlamydoporia, and Lecanicillium spp. seemed to be the most effective under laboratory conditions, with more than 60% of juvenile mortality. The egg infection rate was above 62%, and the egg hatching rate was below 32%. The direct parasitism by the five taxa was confirmed by scanning electron microscope observation. The results of this study found a similar parasitism mechanism for T. longibrachiatum, T. harzianum, and M. chlamydosporia, where their hyphae and spores adhered to the M. javanica juveniles cuticle layer and formed trapping rings around them. The pot experiment results showed that T. harzianum and Lecanicillium spp. enhanced the plant growth parameters. Trichoderma longibrachiatum, abamectin, and the ethoprophos-based nematicides effectively decreased the reproduction rates of the nematode. The Trichoderma species and M. chlamydosporia significantly reduced the gall index and female fecundity of RKN. The treatment with BCAs and chemical nematicides involved a significant increase in the antioxidant activities of nematode-infected plants. The ethoprophos and fungal treatments decreased the MDA and total phenols content compared with the nematode-infested seedlings. This paper analyzes the advancements made towards the effective and efficient biocontrol of M. javanica using different fungal taxa, especially T. longibrachiatum and M. chlamydosporia, and the implications of these advancements for sustainable agriculture and food security.
Convective Drying of Purple Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Leaves and Stability of Chlorophyll and Phenolic Compounds during the Process
Authors: Chaves Rosane Patricia Ferreira , Araújo Adriano Lucena de , Lopes Alessandra Santos , Pena Rosinelson da Silva 
Published: December 2022

This study evaluated the effect of convective drying on the degradation of color and phenolic compounds of purple basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves, and the hygroscopic behavior of dried leaves. The fresh leaves underwent drying at 40 °C, 50 °C, 60 °C, and 70 °C. Degradation of chlorophyll, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds were evaluated during drying and the hygroscopicity was evaluated through the moisture sorption isotherms. The drying mathematical modeling and the moisture sorption data were performed. The effective diffusivity for the drying increased from 4.93 × 10−10 m2/s at 40 °C to 18.96 × 10−10 m2/s at 70 °C, and the activation energy value (39.30 kJ/mol) showed that the leaves present temperature sensibility. The leaves dried at 40 °C had less degradation of phenolic compounds and color variation, but the drying process was too slow for practical purposes. Modified Page, Diffusion Approximation, and Verna models had excellent accuracy in drying kinetics. The isotherms showed that, in environments with relative humidity above 50%, the purple basil leaves are more susceptible to water gain, and at 8.83 g H2O/100 g db moisture, it guarantees the microbiological stability of the dried leaves. The Oswin model was the most suitable for estimating the moisture sorption isotherms of the dried leaves.