bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skin Perfusion After Hemostatic Net: An Anatomic and Radiologic Study in a Cadaver Model
Authors: Henry Guillaume , Auersvald Andre , Auersvald Luiz A , Ospital Caroline , Boucher Fabien , Mojallal Ali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The hemostatic net is a recent technique initially developed to reduce the occurrence of postoperative hematomas following facelift procedures. Its applications have expanded to include skin redraping, deep plane fixation, and other areas beyond the face. However, no experimental study has investigated its effect on skin blood supply.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to analyze facial skin vascularization after applying a hemostatic net to fresh cadavers.

Methods
Fourteen hemifaces from fresh adult cadavers were examined. The study model involved a deep plane facelift procedure with the use of a hemostatic net. The first step, involving 4 hemifaces, included dissections and two-/three-dimensional angiographies by digital microangiography and computed tomography scan, respectively. The purpose was to evaluate the influence of the hemostatic net on vascular perfusion. The second step involved a sequential dye perfusion study performed on 10 other hemifaces that underwent facelift procedures with the hemostatic net to determine its impact on skin perfusion.

Results
The anatomic and radiologic techniques enabled visualization of skin, and showed the arterial system reaching the subdermal vascular plexus and branching between the vascular territories, without interference from the net. The sequential dye perfusion study showed staining after injection in each facelift flap, with comparable coloration distributions before and after the application of the net.

Conclusions
The hemostatic net did not affect the skin blood supply, correlating with no clinical increases in ischemia and necrosis rates in the facelift flap. This study provides additional evidence supporting the safety of the hemostatic net in clinical practice.

Level of Evidence: 5
Estimation of prediction error in time series
Authors: Aue Alexander , Burman Prabir 
Published: September 2023

Summary
The accurate estimation of prediction errors in time series is an important problem, which has immediate implications for the accuracy of prediction intervals as well as the quality of a number of widely used time series model selection criteria such as the Akaike information criterion. Except for simple cases, however, it is difficult or even impossible to obtain exact analytical expressions for one-step and multi-step predictions. This may be one of the reasons that, unlike in the independent case (see Efron, 2004), up to now there has been no fully established methodology for time series prediction error estimation. Starting from an approximation to the bias-variance decomposition of the squared prediction error, a method for accurate estimation of prediction errors in both univariate and multivariate stationary time series is developed in this article. In particular, several estimates are derived for a general class of predictors that includes most of the popular linear, nonlinear, parametric and nonparametric time series models used in practice, with causal invertible autoregressive moving average and nonparametric autoregressive processes discussed as lead examples. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed estimators perform quite well in finite samples. The estimates may also be used for model selection when the purpose of modelling is prediction.
Imperial lag: some spatial-temporal politics of music streaming’s global expansion
Authors: Sprengel Darci 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article takes the music industry in Egypt as an empirical case study for understanding some imperial politics of music streaming’s global expansion. Based on accounts of industry professionals, it suggests that the digitization of the music industry in line with the logics of global streaming technologies is characterized by a spatial-temporal regime of “being behind,” which I refer to as “lag.” Lag is marked by a perpetual striving for that which is always just out of reach, and it demonstrates how streaming can act as a technology of temporal recalibration. I argue that lag is the lived experience of imperial power by showing how it is rooted in longer histories of colonial dominance and control in Egypt. Most broadly, this article suggests that theorizing digitization from the Global South invites greater attention to history and culture to avoid universalizing theories of streaming that uphold Western histories and ideologies as normative.
Technology Transfer of a Validated RP-HPLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Andrographolide and Paclitaxel in Application to Pharmaceutical Nanoformulation
Authors: Kumar Abhiram , Rana Rafquat , Saklani Ravi , Kumar Madhaw , Yadav Pavan Kumar , Tiwari Amrendra , Chourasia Manish Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Many analytical methods are reported for simultaneous estimation of pharmaceutical dosages form. However, only a few are reproducible at an industrial scale. The proposed research aims to establish a technology transfer (TT) protocol between two laboratories (Lab-X, originator) with binary and (Lab-Y, receiver) with quaternary high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. Thus, utilizing reverse-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC), a robust, sensitive and repeatable analytical method has been developed, validated and TT between two laboratories for simultaneous estimation of Andrographolide (AG) and Paclitaxel (PTX). The method has been developed on a Phenomenex Luna C18 column (150 x 4.6, 5) sustained at 40°C and validated under the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) Q2 (R1) regulatory guideline and TT USP chapter 1224. The mobile phase consisted of MilliQ (pH = 3) and a combination of acetonitrile and methanol (1:1) in the ratio 50:50 with a flow rate of 0.45 mL/min, linear gradient elution in both labs. The AG and PTX were detected on the PDA detector at 224 and 227 nm wavelength with retention time of 4.5 ± 0.34 and 8.2 ± 0.02 min and limit of detection was found 0.028 ± 0.004 μg/mL, and 0.028 ± 0.0007 μg/mL, whereas limit of quantification as 0.086 ± 0.011 μg/mL and 0.088 ± 0.0014 μg/mL respectively in both labs. Throughout, this approach we have proved that proposed method is repeatable in both labs, and it can be used to quantify AG and PTX in developed pharmaceutical nano-formulations.
Patchy and Pink: Dynamics of a Chlainomonas sp. (Chlamydomonadales, chlorophyta) algal bloom on Bagley Lake, North Cascades, WA
Authors: van Hees Dan , Hanneman Clare , Paradis Sophie , Camara A G , Matsumoto Maya , Hamilton Trinity , Krueger-Hadfield Stacy A , Kodner Robin B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Snow algal blooms frequently occur throughout alpine and polar environments during spring and summer months; however, our understanding of bloom dynamics is limited. We tracked a recurrent bloom of Chlainomonas sp. on Upper Bagley Lake in the North Cascade Mountains, USA, to assess the spatiotemporal dynamics in bloom color intensity, community photophysiology, and community composition over eight weeks. We found that the algae biomass had a dynamic patchy distribution over space and time, which was decoupled from changes in community composition and life-cycle progress averaged across the bloom. The proportional representation of Chlainomonas sp. remained consistent throughout the study while the overall community composition shows a progression through the bloom. We found that community photophysiology, measured by the maximum quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), decreased on average throughout the bloom. These findings suggest that the Chlainomonas sp. community on Bagley Lake is not simply an algal bloom with rapid increase in biomass followed by a population crash, as is often seen in aquatic systems, though there is a physiological trajectory and sensitivity to environmental stress. These results contribute to our understanding of the biology of Chlainomonas sp. and its response to environmental stress, specifically an extreme warming event.
Evolution of an Alternative Genetic Code in the Providencia Symbiont of the Hematophagous Leech Haementeria acuecueyetzin
Authors: Manzano-Marín Alejandro , Kvist Sebastian , Oceguera-Figueroa Alejandro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Strict blood-feeding animals are confronted with a strong B-vitamin deficiency. Blood-feeding leeches from the Glossiphoniidae family, similarly to hematophagous insects, have evolved specialized organs called bacteriomes to harbor symbiotic bacteria. Leeches of the Haementeria genus have two pairs of globular bacteriomes attached to the esophagus which house intracellular “Candidatus Providencia siddallii” bacteria. Previous work analyzing a draft genome of the Providencia symbiont of the Mexican leech Haementeria officinalis showed that, in this species, the bacteria hold a reduced genome capable of synthesizing B vitamins. In this work, we aimed to expand our knowledge on the diversity and evolution of Providencia symbionts of Haementeria. For this purpose, we sequenced the symbiont genomes of three selected leech species. We found that all genomes are highly syntenic and have kept a stable genetic repertoire, mirroring ancient insect endosymbionts. Additionally, we found B-vitamin pathways to be conserved among these symbionts, pointing to a conserved symbiotic role. Lastly and most notably, we found that the symbiont of H. acuecueyetzin has evolved an alternative genetic code, affecting a portion of its proteome and showing evidence of a lineage-specific and likely intermediate stage of genetic code reassignment.
α-tubulin regulation by 5′ introns in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Wethekam Linnea C , Moore Jeffrey K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Across eukaryotic genomes, multiple α- and β-tubulin genes require regulation to ensure sufficient production of tubulin heterodimers. Features within these gene families that regulate expression remain underexplored. Here, we investigate the role of the 5′ intron in regulating α-tubulin expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We find that the intron in the α-tubulin, TUB1, promotes α-tubulin expression and cell fitness during microtubule stress. The role of the TUB1 intron depends on proximity to the TUB1 promoter and sequence features that are distinct from the intron in the alternative α-tubulin isotype, TUB3. These results lead us to perform a screen to identify genes that act with the TUB1 intron. We identified several genes involved in chromatin remodeling, α/β-tubulin heterodimer assembly, and the spindle assembly checkpoint. We propose a model where the TUB1 intron promotes expression from the chromosomal locus and that this may represent a conserved mechanism for tubulin regulation under conditions that require high levels of tubulin production.
The Possibility of Paraphrase
Authors: Leth Palle 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
It is often claimed that, in at least some areas of language use, the relation between form and content is such that any attempt at reformulation or paraphrase amounts to a distortion of the significance of the original wording. In this article, I set out to vindicate an undemanding yet nontrivial conception of paraphrase. According to the rhetorical relations account of textual cohesion proposed, the meaning specifications required by a collection of sentences in order to constitute a text pave the way for a kind of reformulation which is in solidarity with the possibility of paraphrase. I substantiate my approach with prosaic and poetic examples from Woolf and Dickinson, respectively.
Single-cell transcriptomics of Treg reveals hallmarks and trajectories of immunological aging
Authors: Yang Kevin Y , Liao Jinyue , Ma Zhangjing , Tse Hung Fat , Lu Liwei , Graca Luis , Lui Kathy O 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Age-related immunosenescence is characterized by progressive dysfunction of adaptive immune response and increased autoimmunity. Nevertheless, the impact of aging on CD4+ regulatory T cells that are master regulators of the immune system remains largely unclear. Here, we report cellular and molecular hallmarks of regulatory T cells derived from murine lymphoid and adipose tissues at 3, 18, and 24 mo of age, respectively, by analyzing their heterogeneity that displays dynamic changes in transcriptomic effector signatures at a single-cell resolution. Although the proportion of regulatory T cells among total Cd4+ T cells, as well as their expression levels of Foxp3, did not show any global change with time, we have identified 6 transcriptomically distinct clusters of regulatory T cells with cross-tissue conserved hallmarks of aging, including increased numbers of proinflammatory regulatory T cells, reduced precursor cells, increased immature and mature T follicular regulatory cells potentially supported by a metabolic switch from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, a gradual loss of CD150hi regulatory T cells that support hematopoiesis, and increased adipose tissue-specific regulatory T cells that are associated with metabolic disease. To dissect the impact of immunosenescence on humoral immunity, we propose some potential mechanisms underlying T follicular regulatory cell–mediated dysfunction by interactome analysis on T follicular regulatory cells, T follicular helper cells, and B cells during aging. Lastly, spatiotemporal analysis further revealed trajectories of regulatory T-cell aging that demonstrate the most significant changes in marrow and adipose tissues that might contribute to the development of age-related immunosenescence and type 2 diabetes. Taken together, our findings could provide a better understanding of age-associated regulatory T-cell heterogeneity in lymphoid and adipose tissues, as well as regulatory T-cell hallmarks during progressive adaptation to aging that could be therapeutically targeted for rejuvenating the aging immune system in the future.
Surplus embryos in IVF units in Israel: patients’ attitude towards various dispositions—a bioethical analysis of empirical findings
Authors: Tamir Sivan , Gilbar Roy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Owing to its pro-natalist approach, Israel is considered as an in-vitro fertilization (IVF) superpower. With the high number of state-funded IVF treatments, IVF units find themselves stranded with around a million cryopreserved ‘surplus’ embryos; namely, embryos neglected or forgotten by patients, or abandoned due to personal or familial circumstances. The accumulation of such a vast number of surplus embryos creates operational and economic burdens for IVF units. Attempting to better comprehend this predicament, we conducted a survey. Its findings serve as a basis for the theoretical analysis provided in this article, which is based on the tension between reproductive autonomy on the one hand, and solidarity and personal responsibility, on the other. The survey examined present and former IVF patients’ attitudes towards relevant dispositions for surplus embryos in Israel. Our findings indicated that patients express an individualistic approach to autonomy, which was reflected, for example in reluctance to donate their surplus embryos to research or discard them, even years after completing their IVF treatments. These findings and others led us to conclude that a solidarity-based policy should be imposed. We also argue that personal responsibility, via the constructs of ‘participatory patienthood’—the notion of self-empowered patients taking initiative with respect to their health—should be encouraged in supporting an ethical imperative to choose a disposition for one’s surplus embryos.
Landmine Injury Resulting in Comminuted Lumbar Facet Fracture as a Cause of Lumbar Stenosis and Spondylolisthesis
Authors: Chen Jason A , Mooney Michael A , Rachlin Jacob R 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Lumbar facet fractures are rarely reported and have been linked to sports and spine surgery. We describe the case of a 77-year-old patient who sustained an injury from multiple landmine blasts during the Vietnam War. He had low back pain since that time, which was initially managed conservatively. However, the pain progressed over decades to severe neurogenic claudication that greatly restricted his quality of life. Neuroimaging revealed the presence of bone fragments impinging on the spinal canal at the L5/6 level (transitional anatomy) that resulted from a comminuted fracture of the lumbar facet at the inferior articular process. We performed an L5/6 decompressive laminectomy, with removal of these fragments, and posterior instrumented fusion, with substantial improvement in symptoms. This case illustrates a unique mechanism of lumbar facet fracture and the biomechanic origination, natural history, and optimal treatment of this entity. We expand on the spectrum of lumbosacral injuries associated with the combat blast injury that have only increased in prevalence in recent conflicts.
CASCO: Cosmological and AStrophysical parameters from Cosmological simulations and Observations – I. Constraining physical processes in local star-forming galaxies
Authors: Busillo V , Tortora C , Napolitano N R , Koopmans L V E , Covone G , Gentile F , Hunt. L K 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
We compare the structural properties and dark matter content of star-forming galaxies taken from the Cosmology and Astrophysics with MachinE Learning Simulations (camels) cosmological simulations to the observed trends derived from the SPARC sample in the stellar mass range $[10^{9}, 10^{11}]\, \textrm {M}_{\odot }$, to provide constraints on the value of cosmological and astrophysical (supernova- and active galactic nucleus-related) parameters. We consider the size–, internal DM fraction–, internal DM mass–, and total–stellar mass relations for all the 1065 simulations, all having different cosmological and astrophysical parameters, from the IllustrisTNG, SIMBA, and ASTRID suites of camels, and search for the parameters that minimize the χ2 with respect to the observations. For the IllustrisTNG suite, we find the following constraints for the cosmological parameters: $\Omega _{\textrm {m}} = 0.27_{-0.05}^{+0.01}$, $\sigma _{8} = 0.83_{-0.11}^{+0.08}$, and $S_{8} = 0.78_{-0.09}^{+0.03}$, which are consistent within 1σ with the results from the 9-yr WMAP observations. SN feedback-related astrophysical parameters, which describe the departure of outflow wind energy per unit star formation rate and wind velocity from the reference IllustrisTNG simulations, assume the following values: $A_{\textrm {SN1}} = 0.48_{-0.16}^{+0.25}$ and $A_{\textrm {SN2}} = 1.21_{-0.34}^{+0.03}$, respectively. Therefore, simulations with a lower value of outflow wind energy per unit star formation rate with respect to the reference illustrisTNG simulation better reproduce the observations. Variation of active galactic nucleus feedback parameters, on the other hand, shows negligible effects on the scaling relation trends in the mass range probed. Simulations based on SIMBA and ASTRID suites predict central dark matter masses substantially larger than those observed in real galaxies, which can be reconciled with observations only by requiring values of Ωm inconsistent with cosmological constraints for SIMBA, or simulations characterized by unrealistic galaxy mass distributions for ASTRID.
P03.03.A T2-FLUID-ATTENUATED INVERSION RECOVERY MISMATCH SIGN IN LOWER-GRADE GLIOMAS: CORRELATION WITH PATHOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR FINDINGS
Authors: Yamashita S , Takeshima H , Kadota Y , Azuma M , Fukushima T , Watanabe T , Yokogami K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
After the new molecular-based classification was reported to be useful for predicting prognosis, the T2-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) mismatch sign has gained interest as one of the promising methods for detecting lower-grade gliomas (LGGs) with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutations and chromosome 1p/19q non-codeletion (IDH mut-Noncodel) with high specificity. Although all institutions could use T2-FLAIR mismatch sign without any obstacles, this sign was not completely helpful because of its low sensitivity. In this study, we attempted to uncover the mechanism of T2-FLAIR mismatch sign for clarifying the cause of this sign’s low sensitivity.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
In this study, data on 101 consecutive and unselected patients with LGGs (WHO grades 2 and 3) admitted to Miyazaki University Hospital between November 2005 and January 2021 were collected. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) obtained molecular information on IDH mutation and chromosome 1p/19q codeletion status and (2) obtained preoperative MRI data, including T2-weighted imaging and FLAIR sequences. In this study, 99 patients were enrolled and then classified into three groups based on IDH mutation and chromosome 1p/19q codeletion status: (1) IDH-mutant, 1p/19q-codeleted LGGs (IDH mut-codel); (2) IDH-mutant, 1p/19q-noncodeleted LGGs (IDH mut-Noncodel); and (3) IDH wild-type LGGs (IDH wt).

RESULTS
Among 99 patients with LGGs, 22 were T2-FLAIR mismatch sign-positive (22%), and this sign as a marker of IDH mut-Noncodel showed a sensitivity of 55.6% and specificity of 96.8%. Via pathological analyses, we could provide evidence that not only microcystic changes but the enlarged intercellular space was associated with T2-FLAIR mismatch sign (p =0.017). As per the molecular analyses, overexpression of mTOR-related genes (m-TOR, RICTOR) were detected as the molecular events correlated with T2-FLAIR mismatch sign (p = 0.020, 0.030. respectively).

CONCLUSION
We suggested that T2-FLAIR mismatch sign could pick up the IDH mut-Noncodel LGGs with enlarged intercellular space or that with overexpression of mTOR-related genes.
P13.01.A POST-OPERATIVE MRI SYNTHESIS FROM PRE-OPERATIVE MRI AND POST-OPERATIVE CT USING CONDITIONAL GAN FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF DEGREE OF RESECTION
Authors: Miao X , Chen H , Tang M , Chen Y 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an essential part of assessing the extension of resection after craniotomy, allowing for accurate assessment of the brain. However, the application of MRI within 72 hours after surgery is limited, owing to its high cost, long time duration, and patients’ limited mobility. Besides, MRI excludes people with contraindications, including implantable electronic devices or artificial limbs, in which sceneries computerized tomography (CT) is the only available choice. To overcome these limitations, we investigated the use of a deep learning model for synthesizing post-operative MRI images.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
We aim to employ Cross-domain Correspondence Learning for Exemplar-based Image Translation Network (CoCosNet), an exemplar-based image translation model to synthesize T1 contrast-enhanced (T1ce) MRI images by combining post-operative T1ce and post-operative CT images. 233 cases were retrospectively collected at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, who underwent complete MRI and CT scans.

RESULTS
After 200 epochs and a batch size of 10, CoCosNet achieved comparable results compared to other existing models, with objective indicators structural similarity index = 0.75, peak signal-to-noise ratio = 21.68, and mean absolute error = 0.007. Furthermore, assessments of the extent of resection between the true and synthesized T1ce images achieve great consistency.

CONCLUSION
Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of the CoCosNet deep learning model in synthesizing post-operative MRI images from pre-operative MRI and post-operative CT scans. Our quantitative analysis indicates that the synthesized images have comparable quality to real MRI images and are able to accurately assess the extent of resection. This approach has a promising future by providing a reliable alternative to traditional post-operative MRI.