bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on PDC single-tooth flexible vibration reduction effect
Authors: Haitao Ren , Zhou Sheng , Jia Xin , Yang Yingxin , Zhou Chunxiao , Zhan Qi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In oil and gas drilling engineering, when PDC bit is drilled into inhomogeneous strata, soft and hard alternating strata, and directional drilling and other complex working conditions, it often encounters frequent impact loads, resulting in abnormal failure accidents, which greatly reduces the performance of the bit. The technical concept of flexible cutting rock breaking is to reduce the stiffness by setting elastic elements, reduce the impact load amplitude suffered in the cutting process to a certain range, and achieve the purpose of extending the service life of the bit. The effects of cutting depth, rake angle and disc spring series combination on the damping effect of flexible damping unit are analyzed through experiments on limestone. The results show that the flexible vibration reduction cutting can effectively reduce the peak cutting load and load fluctuation by 20%~35%. When the flexible tolerance ratio is near 67.6%, the flexible vibration damping effect is the best. The effect of flexible vibration reduction is positively correlated with the combined stiffness of the disc spring and the rake angle. The optimum stiffness combination of the elastic elements is 2 A-type disc springs in series and the optimum rake angle is 15°.
Bouncing cosmology and dynamical analysis of stability with non-minimal kinetic coupled gravity
Authors: Amani Alireza , Kubeka A. S. , Mahichi E. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We model the bounce phase, stability and the reconstruction of the universe by non-minimal kinetic coupling. In the process, we obtained importance information about the energy density and the matter pressure of the universe in relation to the previous universe through the bounce quantum phase. The novelty of the work is that the scale factor is obtained directly from the model and is fitted with an exponential function, with this view we explore the process of the early universe even the bounce phase. After that, we plot the cosmological parameters in terms of time evolution. In what follows, we investigate the stability of the model by the dynamical system analysis in a phase plane. Finally, the phase space trajectories examine the stability of the universe, especially in the inflationary period.
Neuroprotective effect of a multistrain probiotic mixture in SOD1G93A mice by reducing SOD1 aggregation and targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis
Authors: Xin Zikai , Xin Cheng , Huo Jia , Liu Qi , Dong Hui , Li Rui , Liu Yaling 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease characterized by the selective loss of motor neurons. A bidirectional communication system known as the “microbiota-gut-brain” axis has a regulatory function in neurodegenerative disorders. The impact of probiotics on ALS through the “microbiota-gut-brain” axis remains uncertain.
Methods: A longitudinal investigation was conducted to examine the alterations in the structure of the ileum and colon in SOD1G93A mice by using immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Subsequently, the mice were administered a multistrain probiotic mixture (LBE) or vehicle orally, starting from 60 days of age until the terminal stage of the disease. The effects of these agents on the behavior, gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and pathological processes of the spinal and intestinal of SOD1G93A mice were analyzed, with a focus on exploring potential protective mechanisms.
Results: SOD1G93A mice exhibit various structural abnormalities in the intestine. Oral administration of LBE improved the proinflammatory response, reduced aberrant SOD1 aggregation, and protected neuronal cells in the intestine and spinal cord of SOD1G93A mice. Furthermore, LBE treatment resulted in a change in intestinal microbiota, an increase in short-chain fatty acid levels, and an enhancement in autophagy flux.
Conclusions: SOD1G93A mice exhibited various structural abnormalities in the intestine. LBE can improve the proinflammatory response, reduce aberrant SOD1 aggregation, and protect neuronal cells in the spinal cord and intestine of SOD1G93A mice. The positive effect of LBE can be attributed to increased SCFAs and enhanced autophagy flux.
Maternal behaviours disrupted by Gprasp2 deletion modulate neurodevelopmental trajectory in progeny
Authors: Pereira Marta , Laranjo Mariana , Gomes Marcos , Edfawy Mohamed , Peça João 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are known to present sex-specific differences. Understanding how maternal behaviours are affected by pathogenic mutations is crucial to translate research efforts, since rearing may recursively modulate neurodevelopment phenotype of the progeny. In this work, we focused on the effects Gprasp2 deletion in females and its impact in progeny care and development.
Methods
Female mice, wild-type (WT), Gprasp2+/- (HET) or Gprasp2-/- (KO) mutants and their progeny were used. Behavioural paradigms targeting anxiety, memory, maternal care, and other social behaviours were performed. Analysis of communication was carried out through daily recordings of ultrasonic vocalizations in isolated pups. Cross-fostering experiments were performed to understand the effect of maternal genotype in pup development.
Results
We found that Gprasp2-/- females presented striking impairments in social and working memory. Females also showed disruptions in maternal care, as well as physiological and molecular alterations in the reproductive system and hypothalamus, such as the structure of the mammary gland and the expression levels of oxytocin receptor (OxtR) in nulliparous versus primiparous females. We observed alterations in pup communication, particularly a reduced number of calls in Gprasp2 KO pups, which resulted from an interaction effect of the dam and pup genotype. Cross-fostering mutant pups with wild-type dams rescued some of the early defects shown in vocalizations. This effect was not bidirectional, as rearing WT pups with Gprasp2-/- dams was not sufficient to induce significant phenotypical alterations.
Conclusions
Our results suggest Gprasp2 mutations perturb social and working memory in a sex-independent manner, but impact female-specific behaviours towards progeny care, female physiology, and gene expression. These changes in mutant dams contribute to a disruption in early stages of progeny development. More generally, our results highlight the need to better understand GxE interactions in the context of ASDs, when female behaviour may present a contributing factor in postnatal neurodevelopmental trajectory.
Leveraging Multi-Task Learning in Code-Switched setting
Authors: R Mithun Kumar S , Pitale Omkar , Malapati Aruna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Multilingualism is the ability to converse fluently in more than one language. In multilingual societies, code-switching, the practise of switching languages during a conversation, occurs often, creating a need for multilingual dialogue and voice recognition systems in natural language processing (NLP). However, interpreting code-switching utterances is extremely difficult for these NLP systems, as the model must adjust to code-switching patterns. In recent years, deep learning strategies have enabled natural language systems with massive volumes of training data to attain human-level performance in languages. However, they cannot accommodate a large number of low-resource languages, mostly mixed languages. Also, code-switching, despite being a common occurrence, is unique to spoken language and lacks the transcriptions necessary for training deep learning models. Our work in this paper, explores the usage of multi-task learning in code-switched setting to see if it can leverage from the training signals of related tasks and improve the generalizability as well as boost the performance and metrics of our model.
Neurodevelopmental Effects of Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure on the Role of MicroRNA Regulating NMDA Receptor Subunits in the Rat Hippocampus
Authors: Nayan Norazirah Mat , Husin Andrean , Kadir Siti Hamimah Sheikh Abd , Siran Rosfaiizah , Ali Nur Faizah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Maternal BPA exposure is known to cause learning and memory deficits in born offspring. However, little is known that the impairment is potentially caused by epigenetic modification. This study investigates the effect of prenatal BPA exposure on the microRNA expression: miR-19a and miR-539 encoding NMDA receptor subunits in the developing hippocampus with learning and memory functions when reaching adolescence. Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were orally exposed at 5 mg/kg/day while the control was without BPA. The expression of miRNAs and NMDA receptor subunits in the hippocampus were examined at different stages of age by conducting the RT-PCR and Western Blot. The behavior of rats was then evaluated at adolescence age. Prenatal BPA exposure at 5 mg/kg/day was revealed to significantly reduce the expression of miR-19a and miR-539 concurrently with GRIN2A and GRIN2B expression at all stages of age. Consequently, the rats experience impairment in spatial and fear memory assessments compared to the control. Further, protein analysis revealed that GluN2A and GluN2B were also reduced before and after the assessment. The findings showed epigenetics modification on miR-19a and miR-539 during early development has been identified as one of the root causes of memory and learning impairment in rats when reaching adolescence.
Management Practices and Costs Associated with Diabetes Clinical Metrics as Measured by Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS)
Authors: Alkhaddo Jamil , Rung Jillian M. , Khowaja Ameer , Yin Yue , Richards Shannon B. , Drury-Gworek Charlotte , Afreen Samina , Rossi Caitlan , Manzi Susan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background The clinical outcomes of diabetes can be influenced by primary care providers’ (PCP) practices. This study explores the association between PCP practices and performance measured by established diabetes metrics and related costs.Methods Electronic medical records were used to gather diabetes metrics derived from the Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set and to rank PCP practices into high- and low-performing groups. Allowed amounts in claim data were used to calculate total and diabetes-related costs, including emergency room and hospital utilization. Participants included diabetic patients who had office visits to 44 ranked PCP practices from April 2019 to March 2020, for a total of 19,059 clinic visits. We also analyzed costs related to diabetic patients having Highmark Health insurance plans in the same period, for a total of 3,170 patients. The main measures included management practices that lead to better diabetes outcomes and costs associated with outcomes.Results Comparing 10,834 visits in high-performing practice to 8,235 visits in low-performing practice, referrals to certified diabetes care and education specialists and provider-to-provider electronic consults (e-consults) were higher in high-performing practices (Z = 6.06, p < .0001), while traditional referrals were higher in low-performing practices (Z = -6.94, p < .0001). The patient-to-provider ratio was higher in the low-performing group (M = 235.23) than in the high-performing group (M = 153.26) (Z = -2.82, p = .0048). Claims data analysis included 1,787 and 1,383 patients from high- and low-performing providers, respectively. The patient-to-provider ratio was higher in the low-performing group (p = .009, V = 0.62). Patients receiving care from lower-performing practices were more likely to have had a diabetes-related hospital observation (5.8% vs. 4.1%, p = .02; V = .04) and higher diabetes-related care costs (p = .002; d = − .07), but after controlling for patients’ characteristics, these differences were not significant (p = .14). Patients seeing low-performing providers had higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores (Mdn = 3) than those seeing high-performing providers (Mdn = 2).Conclusions Referrals to the CDCES and e-Consult were associated with better measured diabetes outcomes, but without significant cost or hospital utilization differences.
Identification and Verification of KEAP1-related genes and targets regulated by potential ingredients in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Gang , Zhi-Min Zhu , Wang Kun , Xu Xiao-Na 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common tumors with complex pathogenesis, and the recurrence leads to poor prognosis in patients with CRC. In the present study, we explored computational simulations through bioinformatics analysis and identified Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in the crosstalk among KEAP1 oncogenic signatures of KRAS mutant that were associated with progression, metastasis, and poor clinical outcomes in CRC. The most recent TCGA data shows that the KRAS mutation is found in 44% of CRC patients. In total, 28 genes were identified as DEGs, and the hub genes such as CDKN2A, SPP1, FOS, BCL2L11 and HPSE were Verified. We further investigated the correlation between the clinical characteristics with prognostic gene expression levels among the KRAS and KEAP1-related key hub genes in COAD, which as predicted targets and demonstrated the anticancer activities of potential drugs in HERB database. Results indicated that SOX9, SPP1 significant correlation with the target predicition of the active herbal ingredients and molecular docking analysis of Key Genes. Furthermore, KEAP1, NFE2L2, SOX9 expression were decreased significantly with the treatment of potential ingredients. Furthermore, cyclopamine could enhance the sensitivity of HCT116 cells, up-regulated the expression of SPP1, and induced activation of KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway, which cell death are characteristic features of apoptosis, and enhanced anticancer effect. Therefore, KEAP1-related genes might be important oncogenic signatures in KRAS mutant CRC cells and cyclopamine was identified as a potential ingredient and regulated the predict targets of SOX9 and SPP1, may be expand the efficacy and range of novel and effective therapeutics.
Cerebral microvascular endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles regulate blood−brain barrier function
Authors: Baharak Hosseinkhani , Gayel Duran , Cindy Hoeks , Doryssa Hermans , Melissa Schepers , Paulien Baeten , Joren Poelmans , Britt Coenen , Kübra Bekar , Isabel Pintelon , Jean-Pierre Timmermans , Tim Vanmierlo , Luc Michiels , Niels Hellings , Broux Bieke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Autoreactive T lymphocytes crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) into the central nervous system (CNS) play a crucial role in the initiation of demyelination and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Recently, extracellular vesicles (EV) secreted by BBB endothelial cells (BBB-EC) have emerged as a unique form of cell-to-cell communication that contributes to cerebrovascular dysfunction. However, the precise impact of different size-based subpopulations of BBB-EC-derived EV (BBB-EV) on the early stages of MS remains unclear. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the content and function of distinct BBB-EV subpopulations in regulating BBB integrity and their role in T cell transendothelial migration, both in vitro and in vivo. Our study reveals that BBB-ECs release two distinct size based EV populations, namely small EVs (sEVs; 30-150nm) and large EVs (lEVs; 150-300nm), with a significantly higher secretion of sEVs during inflammation. Notably, the expression patterns of cytokines and adhesion markers differ significantly between these BBB-EV subsets, indicating specific functional differences in the regulation of T cell migration. Through in vitro experiments, we demonstrate that lEVs, which predominantly reflect their cellular source, play a major role in BBB integrity loss and the enhanced migration of proinflammatory Th1 and Th17.1 cells. Conversely, sEVs appear to protect BBB function by inducing an anti-inflammatory phenotype in BBB-ECs. These findings align with our in vivo data, where the administration of sEVs to mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) results in lower disease severity compared to the administration of lEVs, which exacerbates disease symptoms. In conclusion, our study highlights the distinct and opposing effects of BBB-EV subpopulations on the BBB, both in vitro and in vivo. These findings underscore the need for further investigation into the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of BBB-EVs in the context of MS.
Pharmacological blockade of 2-AG degradation ameliorates clinical, neuroinflammatory and synaptic alterations in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Guadalupi Livia , Mandolesi Georgia , Vanni Valentina , Balletta Sara , Caioli Silvia , De Vito Francesca , Fresegna Diego , Sanna Krizia , Vitiello Laura , Nencini Monica , Tartacca Alice , Rovella Valentina , Schippling Sven , Pavlovic Anto , Ruf Iris , Collin Ludovic , Centonze Diego , Musella Alessandra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is critically involved in the pathophysiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Over the past decade, the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of the ECS have been studied, and inhibiting the degradation of the endocannabinoid 2-arachydonoylglycerol (2-AG) is emerging as a promising strategy to counteract brain damage in MS. In this study, a systemic and preventive in vivo treatment with MAGLi 432, the reversible inhibitor of monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGLi), was performed in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice. Clinical, biochemical, electrophysiological and immunofluorescence analyses were carried out to evaluate the impact of the drug on motor disability, neuroinflammation and synaptic damage. MAGLi 432 induced a less severe EAE disease, accompanied by an increase of 2-AG and a reduction of acid arachidonic (AA) and prostaglandins (PGs) brain levels. MAGLi 432 reversed the striatal synaptic hyperexcitability promoted by EAE neuroinflammatory insult. Furthermore, MAGLi 432 reduced both astrogliosis and microgliosis in EAE, as microglia/macrophages density was reduced, in parallel with a less reactive morphology. By flow cytometry analysis, we also observed less infiltrating CD45 + and CD3 + cells in the brain of MAGLi 432-treated EAE mice.
In conclusion, in vivo MAGL inhibition promotes a significant amelioration of EAE clinical disability and striatal inflammatory synaptopathy through potent anti-inflammatory effects, including an enhanced 2-AG tone and reduced PGs levels, gliosis, and lymphocyte infiltration. Overall, these data provide new mechanistic insights into the neuroprotective role of the ECS during neuroinflammation and reveal the therapeutic potential of MAGLi-based drugs in MS inflammatory and neurodegenerative brain damage.
Electronic regulation of Co confined on N-MXene for efficient electroreduction of CO2 to methanol
Authors: Xu Baomin , Hu Bihua , Chu Bingxian , Cao Hailin , Lei Zhiwei , Cui Shuyu , Wang Peizhi , Tang Jun , Wang Xingzhu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Molecular catalysts with well-designed structures and rich metal-nitrogen active sites have attracted tremendous attention for efficient electroreduction of carbon dioxide (ERCD) due to the benefits of its clearly defined active sites for mechanism studies. However, the catalytic efficiency and selectivity are strongly limited by this metal-nitrogen structure with a fixed electronic structure, resulting in a low production efficiency of more valuable products. In this work, we report an electronic regulated CoPc by in-situ anodic oxidation of the N-doped Ti3C2Tx (N-MXene) nanosheets with CoPc nanoparticles anchored (named as CoPc/o-N-MXene), exhibiting high activity and tailorable selectivity with a Faradic efficiency (FE) of methanol as high as 39.0% with a current density of 32.7 mA cm-2 at -1.0 V (vs. RHE) in CO2 saturated 0.5 M KHCO3 with H-type cell. A strong interaction between Co-N4 active sites and N-MXene after oxidation were confirmed with the formation of Co-N-MXene bond, contributing to the transformation of intermediate *CO into *HCO, and consequently, a high selectivity of ERCD to methanol. The as-obtained CoPc/o-N-MXene also reveals a dramatically stable ERCD performance over 20 h. Furthermore, by combining DFT calculations, it is proposed that the electronic regulation of Co-N4 by N-doped MXene promotes the formation of intermediate *HCO to facilitate the production of methanol in ERCD. Remarkably, our work provides a novel perspective on the mechanism of ERCD to methanol, and a new avenue for the synthesis of effective catalysts.
Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Gut Microbiota Across Various Primate Species in Guangxi
Authors: Huang Hongli , Pang Xianwu , Que Tengcheng , Chen Panyu , Li Shousheng , Wu Aiqiong , He Meihong , Qiu Hong , Hu Yanling 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Understanding the gut microbiota and antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) profiles in non-human primates (NHPs) is crucial for evaluating their potential impact on human health and the environment. In this study, we performed metagenomic analysis of 203 primate fecal samples, including nine NHP species and humans, to comprehensively characterize their gut microbiota and ARGs. Our study reveals the prevailing phyla in primates as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Euryarchaeota, and Proteobacteria. The captive NHPs exhibited higher ARG abundance compared to their wild counterparts, with tetracycline and beta-lactam resistance genes prevailing. Notably, ARG subtypes in Trachypithecus leucocephalus (T. leucocephalus) residing in karst limestone habitats displayed a more dispersed distribution compared to other species. Interestingly, ARG profiles of NHPs clustered based on geographic location and captivity status. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed intricate correlations between ARG subtypes and bacterial taxa. Procrustes analysis unveiled a significant correlation between ARGs and microbial phylogenetic community structure. Taxonomic composition analysis further highlighted differences in microbial abundance among NHPs and humans. Our study underscores the impact of lifestyle and geographical location on NHP gut microbiota and ARGs, providing essential insights into the potential risks posed by NHPs to antibiotic resistance dissemination. This comprehensive analysis enhances our understanding of the interplay between NHPs and the gut resistome, offering a critical reference for future research on antibiotic resistance and host-microbe interactions.
Distributions and Bootstrap for Data-based Stochastic Programming
Authors: Chen Xiaotie , Woodruff David L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In the context of optimization under uncertainty, we consider various combinations of distribution estimation and resampling (bootstrap and bagging) for obtaining samples used to estimate a confidence interval for an optimality gap. This paper makes three experimental contributions to on-going research in data driven stochastic programming: a) most of the combinations of distribution estimation and resampling result in algorithms that have not been published before, b) within the algorithms, we describe innovations that improve performance, and c) we provide open-source software implementations of the algorithms. Among others, three important conclusions can be drawn: using a smoothed point estimate for the optimality gap for the center of the confidence interval is preferable to a purely empirical estimate, bagging generally performs better than bootstrap, and smoothed bagging sometimes performs better than bagging based directly on the data.