bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐quality modification of general polypropylene by the synergistic effect of zinc adipate, hydrotalcite, and polypropylene (SP179)
Authors: Shen Liang , Chen Zhenbin , Kou Jixiong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOwing to its excellent mechanical properties and good fluidity, polypropylene (PP) exhibits widespread applications; however, its unsatisfactory impact resistance hinders its further application. In this study, as a β‐nucleating agent, zinc adipate (ZnAA) was produced by the solution method. Next, the notch impact strength, melting index, and tensile strength of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) were adopted as indices, and ZnAA, hydrotalcite (HT), and PP (SP179) were added into iPP to modify it and render high performance. Furthermore, the structure and properties of modified PP were investigated by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, as well as on an electronic universal material testing machine and a simple‐beam impact testing machine. Finally, the nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of modified iPP was investigated by the Caze method. Results revealed that with the increase in the SP179 content to 50%, the maximum values of the notch impact strength and melting index of iPP of 26.01 KJ m−2 and 9.88 g (10 min)−1, respectively, are achieved, with a tensile strength of 28.22 MPa, and ZnAA, HT, and PP (SP179) have a synergistic effect on iPP modification. These results suggested that modified PP can be applied in more extensive fields, such as fenders, bumpers, and interior parts, with cost‐effectiveness.
Long term retention in δ‐PVDF thin film prepared by rapid ice quenching technique
Authors: Malik Pinki , Gupta Varun , Mishra Hari Krishna , Kumar Ajay , Mandal Dipankar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFerroelectric δ‐phase comprising polyvinylidene fluoride (δ‐PVDF) thin films are prepared via spin‐coating followed by high‐temperature annealing and rapid ice quenching, where, the requirement of a high electric field (~MV/m) is circumvented. Herein, ferroelectric responses, that is, “write,” “erase,” and “read” pulses on as prepared δ‐PVDF thin film, have been demonstrated through piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). A metal‐ferroelectric‐insulator–semiconductor (MFIS) diode containing δ‐PVDF has shown a capacitance–voltage (C–V) hysteresis with a notable memory window of 7.5 V up to a temperature of 140°C, overcoming lower fatigue temperatures, limited by Curie transition in co‐polymer P(VDF‐TrFE). A very stable polarization state is reflected by a holding period of a capacitance state of 10 h, where only a 5% loss of its initial value is noticed. The excellent ferroelectric response and retention behavior of the δ‐PVDF thin film may open up new opportunities in the field of high‐endurance non‐volatile memories.
Ultrasensitive redox‐responsive ditelluride‐containing fluorinated Gemini micelles for controlled drug release
Authors: Shi Liangjie , Jin Yong , Bai Long , Shang Xiang , Li Yupeng , Zhou Rong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolymer micelles have attracted much attention in the field of controlled drug release because of their excellent hydrophobic drug solubility and fewer drug side effects. However, insufficient sensitivity, insufficient dilution resistance, and ordinary therapeutic effect severely restrict the further development of current drug‐loaded polymer micelles. Here, the ditelluride group was introduced for the first time into fluorinated Gemini amphiphilic polymer (FnH12DiTeFnH12) to fabricate polymeric micelles used for controlled release. Camptothecin (CPT) loaded in the FnH12DiTeFnH12 micelles can be rapidly released in a controlled manner through the cleavage of ditelluride bonds by mild H2O2 and glutathione. Meanwhile, the synergism effect of the superhydrophobicity of the fluorocarbon chain and the special Gemini structure endows the drug‐loaded polymer micelles with excellent stability and drug‐loading content. Moreover, the in vitro studies revealed that the CPT@FnH12DiTeFnH12 micelles exhibited efficient uptake in Hela cells. Notably, about five times lower dosage of loaded CPT had a higher tumor cells growth inhibition than the free CPT, and cell membrane permeability became better with the increase of the fluorocarbon chain length. The CPT@FnH12DiTeFnH12 micelles exhibit excellent physical and chemical properties and good therapeutic effects, indicating their excellent potential for drug delivery and providing a novel avenue for chemotherapy.
Reinforcement‐material effects on the compression behavior of polymer composites
Authors: Jain Akash , Upadhyay Saloni , Sahai Ankit , Sharma Rahul Swarup 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing technique fused filament fabrication (FFF) has found widespread usage in a variety of sectors, because of its ability to produce parts with arbitrary geometries and intricate internal structures. This study focuses on the characterization of polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) composites under compressive force to learn more about how various nozzle diameter (ND) and infill pattern (IP) affect the fabricated specimens. The specimens are created with various combination of IPs (triangular, honeycomb, and rectilinear) and NDs (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mm) utilizing three polymer composites namely carbon fiber filled PLA (CF‐PLA), carbon fiber filled PETG (CF‐PETG), and multi walled carbon nano tubes filled PLA (MWCNTs‐PLA). According to the findings, the higher ND improves the compressive properties of the polymer composites. The IP also has significant impact on the compressive properties of the fabricated specimens. The overall minimum compressive strength of 14.612 MPa at ND 0.2 mm and honeycomb IP for CF‐PLA specimen. The overall maximum compressive strength achieved is 45.269 MPa at ND 0.6 mm and rectilinear IP for MWCNTs‐PLA specimen. Therefore, the compressive strength is enhanced by 209.81% by modifying the process parameters and filament material. Based on statistical analysis using Taguchi method, the ND contributes highest, 79.61% to compressive strength of MWCNTs‐PLA specimens, but for CF‐PLA and CF‐PETG specimens, IP contributes highest, 52.65% and 57.91%, respectively. The aforementioned findings will be extremely useful to scientists attempting to achieve sustainability through the use of polymer composites and FFF process.
Conceptual modeling as language design
Authors: Shaw Ryan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConceptual modeling is a broad practice encompassing knowledge organization, domain modeling, and knowledge representation. It is best understood not as a scientific process of discovery, but as a constructive process of language design. This constructive process involves both explicating differences of meaning implicit in some discursive tradition and revising those differences to improve that tradition. Understood this way, conceptual modeling can serve as the basis for a paradigm of information research and practice that does not reproduce fundamental asymmetries between researchers and the people they study, or between practitioners and the people they serve. Progress within this paradigm will involve combining methods from what have up to now been different traditions or modes of conceptual modeling. It will require paying closer attention to the historical and structural dimensions of discursive traditions and reimagining the function of critique.
Information seeking by experimentation: Trying something out to discover what happens
Authors: Hertzum Morten 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExperimentation is the process of trying something out to discover what happens. It is a widespread information practice, yet often bypassed in information‐behavior research. This article argues that experimentation complements prior knowledge, documents, and people as an important fourth class of information sources. Relative to the other classes, the distinguishing characteristics of experimentation are that it is a personal—as opposed to interpersonal—source and that it provides “backtalk.” When the information seeker tries something out and then attends to the resulting situation, it is as though the materials of the situation talk back: They provide the information seeker with a situated and direct experience of the consequences of the tried‐out options. In this way, experimentation involves obtaining information by creating it. It also involves turning material and behavioral processes into information interactions. Thereby, information seeking by experimentation is important to practical information literacy and extends information‐behavior research with new insights on the interrelations between creating and seeking information.
Rational identification of a high catalytic efficiency leucine dehydrogenase and process development for efficient synthesis ofl‐phenylglycine
Authors: Meng Xiangqi , Liu Yan , Yang Lin , Li Rui , Wang Hualei , Shen Yaling , Wei Dongzhi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEnzymatic asymmetric synthesis of chiral amino acids has great industrial potential. However, the low catalytic efficiency of high‐concentration substrates limits their industrial application. Herein, using a combination of substrate catalytic efficiency prediction based on “open to closed” conformational change and substrate specificity prediction, a novel leucine dehydrogenase (TsLeuDH), with high substrate catalytic efficiency toward benzoylformic acid (BFA) for producingl‐phenylglycine (l‐Phg), was directly identified from 4695 putative leucine dehydrogenases in a public database. The specific activity ofTsLeuDH was determined to be as high as 4253.8 U mg−1. Through reaction process optimization, a high‐concentration substrate (0.7 m) was efficiently and completely converted within 90 min in a single batch, without any external coenzyme addition. Moreover, a continuous flow‐feeding approach was designed using gradient control of the feed rate to reduce substrate accumulation. Finally, the highest overall substrate concentration of up to 1.2 mBFA could be aminated tol‐Phg with conversion of >99% in 3 h, demonstrating that this new combination of enzyme process development is promising for large‐scale application ofl‐Phg.
Clinical value of second opinions in oncology: A retrospective review of changes in diagnosis and treatment recommendations
Authors: Lipitz‐Snyderman Allison , Chimonas Susan , Mailankody Sham , Kim Michelle , Silva Nicholas , Kriplani Anuja , Saltz Leonard B. , Sihag Smita , Tan Carlyn Rose , Widmar Maria , Zauderer Marjorie , Weingart Saul , Perchick Wendy , Roman Benjamin R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundData on the clinical value of second opinions in oncology are limited. We examined diagnostic and treatment changes resulting from second opinions and the expected impact on morbidity and prognosis.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients presenting in 2018 to a high‐volume cancer center for second opinions about newly diagnosed colorectal, head and neck, lung, and myeloma cancers or abnormal results. Two sub‐specialty physicians from each cancer type reviewed 30 medical records (120 total) using a process and detailed data collection guide meant to mitigate institutional bias. The primary outcome measure was the rate of treatment changes that were “clinically meaningful”, i.e., expected to impact morbidity and/or prognosis. Among those with treatment changes, another outcome measure was the rate of clinically meaningful diagnostic changes that led to treatment change.ResultsOf 120 cases, forty‐two had clinically meaningful changes in treatment with positive expected outcomes (7 colorectal, 17 head and neck, 11 lung, 7 myeloma; 23–57%). Two patients had negative expected outcomes from having sought a second opinion, with worse short‐term morbidity and unchanged long‐term morbidity and prognosis. All those with positive expected outcomes had improved expected morbidity (short‐ and/or long‐term); 11 (0–23%) also had improved expected prognosis. Nine involved a shift from treatment to observation; 21 involved eliminating or reducing the extent of surgery, compared to 6 adding surgery or increasing its extent. Of the 42 with treatment changes, 13 were due to clinically meaningful diagnostic changes (1 colorectal, 5 head and neck, 3 lung, 4 myeloma; 3%–17%) .ConclusionsSecond‐opinion consultations sometimes add clinical value by improving expected prognoses; more often, they offer treatment de‐escalations, with corresponding reductions in expected short‐ and/or long‐term morbidity. Future research could identify subgroups of patients most likely to benefit from second opinions.
Antimicrobial peptides derived from microalgae for combating antibiotic resistance: Current status and prospects
Authors: Ayswaria Reshma , Vijayan Jasna , Nathan Vinod Kumar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMicroalgae are photosynthetic cell factories that produce a spectrum of bioactive compounds extensively used for various applications. Owing to the increase in antibiotic resistance among microbial pathogens, there is a significant thrust for identifying new treatment strategies, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) generation is one such method. These AMPs have multiple roles and are active against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Such peptides synthesized in microalgae have a significant role in medical application, managing aquaculture‐associated diseases, and the food industry. To increase their effectiveness and novel peptides, genetically modified microalgae are used as cell factories. With the advancement of new technologies like the CRISPR‐Cas system, new avenues are opened for developing novel AMPs using microalgae. This review gives us insight into the various AMPs produced by microalgae and multiple technologies involved in creating such therapeutically essential molecules.
Solventless Dimethylamine Borane Dehydrogenation in the Presence of Transition Metal(0) Nanoparticles Loaded on Cellulose
Authors: Ozhava Derya , Duman Sibel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein, the results of in‐situ synthesis of four different metal(0) nanoparticles (Pd, Cu, Ru, and Ni) loaded on the surface of cellulose (MNPs@Cellulose) separately and their catalytic use in the solventless dimethylamine‐borane (DMAB) dehydrogenation at 35.0±0.1 °C are reported. Based on the detailed kinetic studies on the solventless DMAB dehydrogenation catalyzed using MNPs@Cellulose, the following results were obtained: (i) Optimum metal loading percentage on the surface of cellulose was determined for Pd@Cellulose to be 4.0 wt.%Pd (152.39 h−1), Ni@Cellulose to be 3.0 wt.%Ni (59.09 h−1), Cu@Cellulose to be 3.0 wt.%Cu (55.45 h−1) and Ru@Cellulose to be 4.0 wt.%Ru (46.06 h−1) and by determining total turnover frequency values in average 10th minutes (TOF10), which provided the highest catalytic activity. (ii) The optimum amount of cellulose for each metal was found to be 50.0 mg for Pd, Cu, and Ru, and 40.0 mg for Ni. (iii) The Arrhenius activation energies were determined for each metal nanoparticles and calculated to be 69±2, 34±2, 35±2 and 42±2 kj.mol−1 for Pd@Cellulose, Ni@Cellulose, Cu@Cellulose, and Ru@Cellulose, respectively.
Emerging Trends in Closed‐Loop Recycling Polymers: Monomer Design and Catalytic Bulk Depolymerization
Authors: Liu Ye , Lu Xiao‐Bing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPlastics are indispensable materials in modern society; however, their extensive use has contributed to the depletion of finite natural resources and caused severe environmental issues. One end‐of‐use solution for plastics involves the chemical recycling of polymers back to monomers for repolymerization to virgin polymers without changing the material properties, allowing the establishment of a circular material economy. This concept focuses on the critical advantages of chemically recyclable polymers in terms of monomer design, material properties, and the feasibility of bulk depolymerization. The recyclability via bulk thermolysis of various polyesters, CO2‐based polycarbonates, and polyacetals produced via ring‐opening polymerization is highlighted through discussions regarding rational monomer design and efficient catalyst development. An outlook and perspective are provided to delineate the future challenges in the rational design of monomer and polymer structures that deliver the desired materials performance while being suitable for bulk thermolysis with high (de)polymerization activity and selectivity.
Antimicrobial Conjugated Oligoelectrolytes Containing Triphenylphosphonium Solubilizing Groups
Authors: Chan Samuel J. W. , Zhang Kaixi , Zhu Ji‐Yu , Bazan Guillermo C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConjugated oligoelectrolytes (COEs) are an emerging class of amphiphilic antimicrobial compounds with a modular molecular framework suitable for simple chemical derivatization. Here, a series of COE derivatives with a stilbene‐conjugated segment and triphenylphosphonium (TPP) pendant groups was designed and synthesized to understand how lipophilic cationic groups impact antimicrobial activity. In vitro evaluations against ESKAPE pathogens showed broad‐spectrum activity towards multi‐drug resistant (MDR) bacteria and mycobacteria, with TPP groups enhancing antimicrobial activity towards clinically relevant Gram‐negative strains compared to their ammonium analogues. We studied the interactions of DM6P, the most active TPP‐COE compound, with various membrane assays. Treatment of bacterial cells with DM6P showed enhanced permeability of cell membranes without inducing the development of significant bacterial resistance. Moreover, DM6P eliminated 99.99 % of methicillin‐resistant Staphyloccocus aureus (MRSA) in an in vivo wound model. These results represent a promising chemical strategy for increasing the activity spectrum of membrane‐active COE antibiotics to tackle challenging drug‐resistant targets.
An energy‐efficient method of resource allocation based on request prediction in multiple cloud data centers
Authors: Chen Hong , Wen Yiping , Wang Yuan 
Published: February 2023

SummaryTo meet the ever‐increasing requirements of the applications, cloud service providers have further built and managed multiple cloud data centers in multiple regions across geographies with many physical machines (PMs). However, most of the existing resource allocation algorithms are developed for a single cloud data center, which normally cannot efficiently handle the load burst occasions where a single cloud data center may not be enough to satisfy the demands burst of applications. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how to efficiently manage multiple cloud data centers while meeting application requirements and reducing energy consumption. This paper first systematically analyzes multiple cloud data centers and energy consumption models. Then, an energy‐efficient method of Resource Allocation based on Request Prediction in multiple cloud data centers (RARP) is proposed. The RARP method constructs a resource allocation framework based on request prediction in multiple cloud data centers, which anticipates the application request volume in advance. At the same time, the RARP method allocates VMs and PMs based on the principle of minimum remaining resources available to achieve minimum usage of PMs, thus minimizing energy consumption to complete application requests. Extensive experiments are conducted on the proposed RARP method through the simulation platform CloudSim. Finally, the experimental test results show that the accuracy of request detection and the energy consumption of cloud data centers are significantly better than those of the comparison algorithms.
Combining datasets to routinely predict fusarium head blight resistance in a wheat breeding program
Authors: Adeyemo Emmanuel , Conley Emily , Bernardo Rex , Bajgain Prabin , Anderson James A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFusarium head blight (FHB; Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) is a devastating fungal disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) that can significantly reduce yield and grain quality. Datasets from different stages of field evaluation can be combined into a training population to predict FHB resistance. Our objective was to determine if FHB resistance among F5 lines can be predicted accurately with historical lines, parental lines, and a subset of F5 lines. Lines at the F5 and preliminary yield trial (PYT) stages in the University of Minnesota wheat breeding program were evaluated in two locations from 2016 to 2020 and were genotyped with 3679 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Historical datasets with 368 to 3015 lines had predictive abilities of −0.01 to 0.20, whereas F5 subsets had predictive abilities of 0.04–0.32. Adding subsets of F5 lines to the historical datasets led to incremental improvements in predictive abilities in most cases, especially when the subset was selected via the pedigree or k‐means approach. The most effective training populations were those that contained a subset of 200 F5 lines chosen via the k‐means method, the F5 parents, and the PYT lines tested in the same year, with predictive abilities that were usually higher than that of the F5 subset. We have started to use such combinations of datasets to routinely predict FHB resistance of F5 lines in our breeding program.
The drivers of sustainability disclosure practices in the airport industry: A legitimacy theory perspective
Authors: L'Abate Vitiana , Vitolla Filippo , Esposito Paolo , Raimo Nicola 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the airport industry is facing the effects of the growing pressure towards sustainability. In fact, airports have often been accused of having strong environmental and social impacts. This circumstance shed light on the need for airports to provide stakeholders with precise information about the social and environmental effects of their activities. The importance of sustainability disclosure in the airport industry is also attracting the interest of academics. However, studies are still limited and there is a lack of contributions aimed at identifying the drivers of sustainability disclosure in the airport industry. This work aims to fill this gap by analyzing, under the lens of legitimacy theory, the impact of business size, business complexity and corporate visibility on the level of sustainability information disseminated by airports. To this end, a manual content analysis is performed on a sample composed by 145 large European airports to measure the level of sustainability information disseminated. Furthermore, a multiple regression analysis is performed to examine the role played by business size, business complexity and corporate visibility on the level of sustainability disclosure. The results show that the number of passengers, the cargo quantity, the number of terminals and gates and the level of social media exposure represent positive drivers of the sustainability disclosure of the European airports. This study contributes to enriching the academic literature in several ways and offers important managerial implications.