bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can unsupervised cluster analysis identify patterns of complex adult spinal deformity with distinct perioperative outcomes?
Authors: Lafage Renaud , Fourman Mitchell S. , Smith Justin S. , Bess Shay , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Kim Han Jo , Kebaish Khaled M. , Burton Douglas C. , Hostin Richard , Passias Peter G. , Protopsaltis Themistocles S. , Daniels Alan H. , Klineberg Eric O. , Gupta Munish C. , Kelly Michael P. , Lenke Lawrence G. , Schwab Frank J. , Lafage Virginie , _ _ 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to use an unsupervised cluster approach to identify patterns of operative adult spinal deformity (ASD) and compare the perioperative outcomes of these groups.

METHODS
A multicenter data set included patients with complex surgical ASD, including those with severe deformities, significant surgical complexity, or advanced age who underwent a multilevel fusion. An unsupervised cluster analysis allowing for 10% outliers was used to identify different deformity patterns. The perioperative outcomes of these clusters were then compared using ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, and chi-square tests, with p values < 0.05 considered significant.

RESULTS
Two hundred eighty-six patients were classified into four clusters of deformity patterns: hyper-thoracic kyphosis (hyper-TK), severe coronal, severe sagittal, and moderate sagittal. Hyper-TK patients had the lowest disability (mean Oswestry Disability Index [ODI] 32.9 ± 17.1) and pain scores (median numeric rating scale [NRS] back score 6, leg score 1). The severe coronal cluster had moderate functional impairment (mean physical component score 34.4 ± 12.3) and pain (median NRS back score 7, leg score 4) scores. The severe sagittal cluster had the highest levels of disability (mean ODI 49.3 ± 15.6) and low appearance scores (mean 2.3 ± 0.7). The moderate cluster (mean 68.8 ± 7.8 years) had the highest pain interference subscores on the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (mean 65.2 ± 5.8). Overall 30-day adverse events were equivalent among the four groups. Fusion to the pelvis was most common in the moderate sagittal (89.4%) and severe sagittal (97.5%) clusters. The severe coronal cluster had more osteotomies per case (median 11, IQR 6.5–14) and a higher rate of 30-day implant-related complications (5.5%). The severe sagittal and hyper-TK clusters had more three-column osteotomies (43% and 32.3%, respectively). Hyper-TK patients had shorter hospital stays.

CONCLUSIONS
This cohort of patients with complex ASD surgeries contained four natural clusters of deformity, each with distinct perioperative outcomes.
Analysis of reasons for medical malpractice litigation due to laminectomy
Authors: Bouterse Alexander , Razzouk Jacob , Bohen Daniel , Ramos Omar , Danisa Olumide , Cheng Wayne K. 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to identify the incidence and characteristics of malpractice lawsuits pertaining to laminectomy performed either as a stand-alone operation or concurrent with another procedure by querying the Westlaw Edge and VerdictSearch databases. Malpractice claims analysis is performed by several medical specialties to provide insight into patient values, methods to improve quality of care, and risk factors for litigation pertaining to specific procedures or treatments.

METHODS
Westlaw and VerdictSearch were queried using the keywords "laminectomy" and "spine." Claims were reviewed, with the inclusion criteria defined as a case filed between 2000 and 2022 that involved the plaintiff’s basis of litigation resting on a claim of medical malpractice due to laminectomy. Additional collected data included the case date, verdict ruling, state or federal location of the filed claim, sustained injuries, and payment or settlement amount.

RESULTS
After review of 4732 cases, 201 were identified as malpractice claims due to laminectomy. The most common reasons for litigation were delayed or denied treatment (n = 106), procedural errors (n = 38), inadequate management of postlaminectomy syndrome (n = 26), and incorrect procedural selection (n = 14). Regarding the verdict ruling, 47.3% (n = 95) of cases ruled in favor of the defendant, 9.0% (n = 18) resulted in a mixed ruling, 15.9% (n = 32) ruled in favor of the plaintiff, and 9.5% (n = 19) were resolved with an out-of-court settlement. An average payment of $4,530,277 resulted from the cases that ruled in favor of the plaintiff, while out-of-court settlements yielded an average payment of $1,193,146.

CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that there are several well-documented risk factors for malpractice claims attributed to laminectomy. The study findings suggest that prompt and accurate diagnosis, coordination of care, timely referral for surgical intervention, and understanding of the indications versus limitations of conservative therapy may help to mitigate the risk of litigation associated with laminectomy.
Involvement of Informal Caregivers in Preventing Falls in Older Adults with Cognitive Impairment: A Rapid Review
Authors: Sultana Munira , Alexander Neil , Pierucini-Faria Frederico , Hunter Susan W. , Kamkar Nellie , Speechley Mark R. , Son Surim , Verghese Joe , Montero-Odasso Manuel ,   the Task Force on Global Guidelines for Falls in Older Adults
Published: February 2023

Background: The prevalence of falls and related injuries is double in older adults with cognitive impairment compared with cognitively healthy older adults. A growing body of literature shows that falls prevention interventions in the cognitively impaired are difficult to implement and that the feasibility and adherence to interventions depend on a number of factors including informal caregiver involvement. However, no systematic review exists on the topic. Objective: Our objective is to determine whether involvement of informal caregivers can reduce falls in older adults with cognitive impairment. Methods: Rapid review following Cochrane collaboration guidelines. Results: Seven randomized controlled trials were identified involving 2,202 participants. We identified the following areas where informal caregiving may have an important role in fall prevention in older adults with cognitive impairment: 1) enhancing adherence to the exercise program; 2) identifying and recording falls incidents and circumstances; 3) identifying and modifying possible environmental falls risk factors inside patient’s home; and 4) playing an active role in modifying lifestyle in terms of diet/nutrition, limiting antipsychotics, and avoiding movements risking falls. However, informal caregiver involvement was identified as an incidental finding in these studies and the level of evidence ranged from low to moderate. Conclusion: Informal caregiver involvement in planning and delivering interventions to reduce falls has been found to increase the adherence of individuals with cognitive impairment in falls prevention programs. Future research should address whether involvement of informal caregivers may improve efficacy of prevention programs by reducing the number of falls as a primary outcome.
On the trapping of neutrons in Fabry–Pérot nano-structures and potential applications for cold neutron lifetime Investigations
Authors: Maaza M. , Pardo B. , Hamidi D. , Akbari M. , Morad R. , Henini M. , Gibaud A. 
Published: February 2023

Correlated to the neutron total reflection phenomenon is the so-called frustrated total reflection, also known as neutron channeling, observed with both thermal and cold neutrons. Within this contribution, such a phenomenon is validated in various additional distinctive Fabry–Pérot nano-resonating configurations; namely in: (i) dual reflection and transmission neutron Fabry–Pérot nano-resonator (Ni/V/Ni/Si substrate), (ii) isotope-based neutron Fabry–Pérot nano-resonator (58Ni/62Ni/58Ni/Silicon substrate), and (iii) multilayered neutron Fabry–Pérot nano-resonator of 8 superposed (B4C/Ti/B4C) single nano-resonators. While such Fabry–Pérot nano-resonators allow effective neutron trapping, the precision of the trapping time of free neutrons in such nano-resonators is governed by the Heisenberg uncertainty and hence offers, a priori, an additional attractive precise approach for potential lifetime investigations. Depending on the configuration of the Fabry–Pérot nano-resonators and the available cold neutron beam, the trapping time is found to be within the temporal regime of 3 to 19 ps. While the main intention of this contribution is to validate the possibility of trapping cold neutrons in nano-structured Fabry–Pérot resonators with a picosecond precision in various configurations, it is hoped that these preliminary results will attract the interest of the neutron lifetime community specifically and the neutron scattering community in general. The potential integration of such trapping method into the bottle or beam methods would elucidate the origin of the difference in neutron lifetime between the two approaches.
An early warning method of abnormal state of laboratory equipment based on Internet of things and running big data
Authors: Zheng Guokai , Yi Luxia 
Published: February 2023

In order to improve the early warning effect of equipment abnormal state and shorten the early warning time, this paper designs an early warning method of laboratory equipment abnormal state based on the Internet of things and running big data. Collect the running status data of laboratory equipment in the environment of Internet of things, and implement dimension reduction processing on the collected running status data. After the dimensionality reduction, extract the abnormal characteristics of big data of laboratory equipment running. On the basis of iterative update, the real-time feature analysis results are compared with the abnormal feature set, and the early warning response program is started according to the abnormal. According to the experimental results, the maximum false alarm rate of this method is only 1.34%, and the abnormal state response is always kept below 4.0 s when applied, which fully proves that this method effectively realizes the design expectation.
METODE ILMIAH DALAM ISLAM
Authors: Dkk Junaidi 
Published: February 2023

Scientific method in Islam is a certain way to be able to know the objects of physical and non-physical as it is, at least the closest way to the truth. In the Islamic tradition, it is known for some of scientific methods such as method of observation or experiment (tajribi) for physical objects, logical method (burhani), and intuitive method (irfani) for non physical objects, also including the more direct way, the method of bayani. Metode Ilmiah dalam Islam merupakan cara-cara tertentu untuk bisa mengetahuiobjek-objek fisik dan non fisik sebagaimana adanya, paling tidak mendekati kebenaran.Dalam tradisi Islam, dikenal beberapa metode ilmiah, yaitu metode observasi ataueksperimen (tajribi) untuk objek-objek fisik, metode logis (burhani) dan metode intuitif(irfani) untuk non fisik, juga termasuk dengan cara yang lebih langsung yakni metodebayani.
Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Baccaurea Lanceolata Fructus dengan Metode ABTS dan DPPH
Authors: Rahman Rauli Dimas Nur , Supomo Supomo , Warnida Husnul 
Published: February 2023

Abstrak
Radikal bebas dapat menyebabkan kerusakan pada tubuh yang berlanjut kepada penyakit kronis seperti kanker, penyakit neurodegeneratif dan diabetes. Antioksidan merupakan suatu zat yang memiliki kemampuan untuk memperlambat proses oksidasi yang disebabkan radikal bebas. Ekstrak buah limpasu (Baccaurea lanceolata) memiliki kandungan senyawa flavonoid dan tannin. Metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid dan tanin ini memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak buah limpasu menggunakan metode ABTS (2,2-azinobis-3-Ethylbenzothiazoline-6-Sulfonic Acid) dan DPPH (1,1-difenil-2-pikrilhidrazil) melalui nilai IC50. Penelitian yang dilakukan bersifat eksperimental. Objek penelitian ini adalah aktivitas antioksidan dari metode ABTS dan DPPH. Konsentrasi ekstrak etanol buah limpasu diukur menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis untuk mendapatkan persen inhibisi dari sampel. Persen inhibisi dimasukkan ke dalam persamaan regresi linear untuk mendapatkan nilai IC50 dari kedua metode uji. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai IC50 sebesar 721,19 ppm pada metode DPPH yang termasuk kategori antioksidan tidak aktif, sedangkan pada uji ABTS didapatkan nilai IC50 sebesar 118,70 ppm yang termasuk kategori antioksidan sedang.
Keywords: antioksidan, buah limpasu, ABTS, DPPH, IC50

Abstract
Free radicals can harm the body and cause chronic diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes. Antioxidants are substances that have the ability to slow the oxidation process caused by free radicals. Limpasu fruit extract (Baccaurea lanceolata) contains flavonoid and tannin. Flavonoids and tannins have antioxidant activity. The goal of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of limpasu fruit extract using the ABTS (2,2-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) methods using the IC50 value. This study is an experiment. The antioxidant activity of the ABTS and DPPH methods is the focus of this study. Independent variables of this study were limpasu fruit extract with concentration of 100; 200; 300; 400 500 ppm in DPPH and 30; 40; 50; 60; 70 ppm in ABTS, dependent variable is the antioxidant activity of limpasu fruit extract. The concentration of limpasu fruit extract measured using UV-Vis spectrophotometry to obtain the inhibition percentage of sample. The inhibition percentage was then entered into a linear regression equation to calculate the IC50 value for both methods. According to the study's findings, the IC50 value in the DPPH method was 721.19 ppm, indicating that it was an inactive antioxidant, whereas the IC50 value in the ABTS test was 118.70 ppm, indicating that it was a moderate antioxidant.
Keywords: antioxidants, limpasu fruit, ABTS, DPPH, IC50
Kemampuan Literasi Matematik Mahasiswa dalam Pembelajaran Problem Posing Berbasis Online
Authors: Chandra Fitriana Eka 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujujuan untuk menganalisa tingkat kemampuan literasi matematik mahasiswa dalam pembelajaran Problem Posing berbasis online selama masa Pandemi Covid 19. Penelitian ini merupkan penelitian kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 3 mahasiswa yang telah mengikuti pembelajaran Problem Posing berbasis online pada masa belajar di rumah saat pandemi Covid 19. Subjek penelitian dipilih sesuai dengan nilai yang diperoleh ketika mengikuti pembelajaran Problem Posing, yakni kategori nilai tinggi, nilai sedang, dan nilai rendah. Setelah subjek dipilih, maka dilakukan analisis terhadap aktivitas Problem Posing Â yang dilakukan para subjek penelitian. Aktivitas Problem Posing yang dimaksud adalah membuat pertanyaan dan penyelesainnya, serta mengkomunikasikan hasil interpretasi dari pemikiran mereka. Analisis dilakukan terkait dengan level kemampuan literasi matematik para subjek dalamÂ aktivitas Problem Posing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa subjek dengan kategori nilai tinggi mampu mencapai kemampuan literasi matematik level 4, subjek dengan kategori nilai sedang mampu mencapai kemampuan literasi level 3, dan subjek dengan kategori nilai rendah hanya mampu mencapai kemampuan literasi matematik level 1.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Kelas X TSM-1 SMK Negeri 2 Kota Ternate pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Pohe Jumina , Alhaddad Idrus , Abdullah In Hi. 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X TSM-1, subjek penelitian dengan 15 siswa dengan kategori kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis sangat baik, cukup, kurang dan sangat kurang. Data kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa di peroleh melalui tes tertulis, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Langkah-langkah dalam analisis data adalah reduksi penyajian dan menarik kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa analisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas X TSM-1 SMK Negeri 2 Kota Ternate dari 4 kategori dapat dilihat bahwa 1 siswa (6,66%) kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dengan kategori sangat baik, 10 siswa (66,66%) kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dengan kategori cukup, 2 siswa (13,33%) kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dengan kategori kurang dan 2 siswa (13,33%) kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis dengan kategori sangat kurang. Siswa dengan kategori sangat baik dapat Memenuhi semua indikator yang ada dari memahami masalah, merancang rencana penyelesaian, dan melaksanakan rencana penyelesaian tetapi dalam penulisannya masih kurang lengkap. Siswa dengan kategori baik dapat memahami masalah yang diperoleh dalam soal kemudian merumuskan kedalam bentuk model matematika sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa subjek memahami maksud dan tujuan tetapi belum mampu menyelesaikan karena kurang teliti dan terburu-buru dalam menyelesaikan masalah. Siswa dengan kategori kurang memahami masalah tapi tidak menuliskan pada lebaran jawaban kemudian ia mampu merumuskan kedalam model matematika dan ia menyelesaikan soal tapi kurang lengkap. Siswa dengan kategori sangat kurangÂ memahami masalah tapi tidak menuliskan apa saja yang diketahui dan ditanyakan di lembaran jawabannya,Â kurang teliti dalam merancang rencana. Dan jawaban yang ia kerjakan kurang tepat dan cenderung terburu-buru dalam mengerjakan soal.
Analisis Komparatif Kurikulum Matematika di Indonesia, Korea Selatan, dan Singapura pada Jenjang Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Suratno Joko , Sari Diah Prawitha 
Published: February 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah membandingkan kurikulum matematika sekolah menengah atas yang ada di Indonesia, Korea Selatan, dan Singapura. Penelitian ini merupakan studi literatur. Pengumpulan data berupa dokumen kurikulum dilakukan melalui berbagai sumber website. Â Apabila dilihat berdasarkan isi kurikulum, maka kurikulum matematika yang ada di Indonesia jauh lebih padat jika dibandingkan isi kurikulum matematika baik Korea Selatan maupun Singapura. Padatnya materi kurikulum merupakan salah satu penyebab digantinya sebuah kurikulum yang pernak berlaku di negara kita. Akankah padatnya materi pada Kurikulum 2013 menjadi sebuah masalah yang akan datang? Ataukah hal tersebut merupakan sebuah terobosan yang dapat meningkatkan prestasi dan penguasaan materi matematika siswa yang lebih baik? Mungkin banyak pertanyaan lain yang akan muncul dengan syaratnya materi kita tersebut. Namun demikian, kurikulum bukanlah hanya sekedar isi tetapi masih banyak komponen lain yang berpautan dan menyokong sebuah kurikulum.
Penggunaan Buku Elektronik Flip Book Markers untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Operasi Bilangan Bulat pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Suharna Hery , Abdullah In Hi , Angkotasan Nurma 
Published: February 2023

Penggunaan buku elektronik ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi bagi mitra yaitu Sekolah dasar 44 Kota Ternate Utara untuk meningkatkan kemampuan matematika siswa dan inovasi pembelajaran matematika di Sekolah Dasar. Metode pelaksanaanÂ dilakukan dengan: (1) Sosialisasi, (2) Praktek pembelajaran Buku Elektronik Flip Book Makers, (3) evaluasi dan pendampingan. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan diskusi dengan kelompok mitra yang dilakukan pada tanggal 20 dan 30 April 2021. Terdapat beberapa kendala dalam proses pembelajaran di SD terutama ketika mengajarkan operasi bilangan bulat. Hasil identifikasi dan justifikasi masalah serta solusi yang disepakati bersama antara pengusul yakni mitra SD Negeri 44 Kota Ternate Utara adalah sebagai berikut: (1) kurangnya motivasi belajar siswa SD ketika pembelajaran bilangan bulat; (2) minimnya inovasi pembelajaran pada guru ketika mengajar matematika terutama operasi bilangan bulat; (3) minimnya kognitif siswa SD 44 Kota Ternate terutama ketika menyelesaikan soal matematika; dan (4) belum adanya inovasi pembelajaran matematika yang menarik yang bersifat realistik. Permasalahan tersebut perlu mendapat solusi, maka dilakukan rangkaian pengabdian yang dapat dilakukan rangkaian kegiatan dengan peningkatan kemampuan operasi bilangan bulat pada SD 44 Kota Ternate. Rangkaian program melibatkan kedua mitra secara langsung dalam mengelola kegiatan. Bentuk luaran dari rencana program ini sebagai berikut: (1) Program pertama: Workshop Buku Elektronik Flip Book Makers pada pembelajaran operasi bilangan bulat. Luarannya, yaitu: peningkatan pengetahuan dan pemahaman mitra tentang penggunaan buku Elektronik Flip Book Makers pada operasi bilangan bulat; (2) Program kedua: Pembelajaran Operasi bilangan bulat pada siswa SD mitra. Luaranya, yaitu: peningkatan kemampuan operasi bilangan bulat pada siswa SD 44; (3) Program ketiga: FGD tentang manfaat dan peran buku Elektronik Flip Book Makers dalam pembelajaran matematika. Luarannya yaitu; meningkatnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman pembelajaran yang inovatif. Manfaat yang dapat diperoleh peserta dari kegiatan ini antara lain dapat menyusun dan mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis aplikasi FlipBook Maker sesuai mata diklat yang diampu.Â
Quantitative and qualitative analyses of grafted okra for corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic medium
Authors: Sulaimon Aliyu Adebayo , Murungi Pearl Isabellah , Tackie-Otoo Bennet Nii , Nwankwo Princess Christiana , Bustam Mohamad Azmi 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Natural plant polymers demonstrate effective corrosion inhibition abilities, because of their numerous binding sites and excellent adsorption abilities.Methodology: In this study, the Box-Behnken method, gravimetric and electrochemical analyses were used to design and investigate the corrosion inhibition potential of a modified graft polymer of okra for mild steel in a 1M HCl medium. The influence of inhibitor concentration, temperature, and time were also investigated. Qualitatively, the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) were used to characterize the extracts and evaluate the metal’s surface morphology.Results and discussion: The quantitative analyses showed that the modified natural polymer’s inhibition efficiency (IE) increased with concentration and reached 73.5% at 800 ppm, with a mixed-type mode of inhibition. From the response surface methodology, it was revealed that temperature influences the IE more than concentration and immersion time. The optimized IE using the desirability function showed the possibility of attaining 88.2% inhibition with inhibitor concentration at 142.3 ppm, temperature at 60.4°C, and an immersion time of 22.4 h. The new functional groups in the hybrid polymer revealed by FTIR analysis shows that grafting improved the inhibitor’s adsorption abilities. TGA analysis confirmed the extract’s high thermal stability, which highlights the inhibitor’s strong adsorption and efficiency for high temperatures. FESEM analysis indicated evidence of inhibitor adsorption onto the metal surface.Conclusion: These findings suggest that the grafting of okra with acrylamide enhances its inhibition properties and contributes to its functionality as a cost-effective plant-based alternative inhibitor against corrosion for mild steel facilities.