bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bifurcation analysis of a discrete type prey-predator model with Michaelis–Menten harvesting in predator
Authors: Mortuja Md Golam , Chaube Mithilesh Kumar , Kumar Santosh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A discrete predator–prey model with square root functional response describing prey herd behavior and nonlinear predator harvesting has been considered in the present work. Three equilibria of the system have been found and observed that two equilibrium points always exist and are feasible, but the interior equilibrium point is feasible under a parametric condition. The local stability of the three equilibria has been analyzed. The interior equilibrium point is locally asymptotically stable under a parametric condition. It is examined that a flip and Neimark–Sacker bifurcations have occurred in the system at the axial equilibrium point. The flip and Neimark–Sacker bifurcations have been analyzed by the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory, considering the harvesting coefficient as the bifurcation parameter. The proposed discrete model with a nonlinear Michaelis–Menten type harvesting effect on the predator population exhibits rich dynamics; for instance, bifurcations, chaos, and more complex dynamical behaviors. The discrete-time model also produced few numerical simulation results that are more accurate than the continuous model. The proposed discrete model will be performed better than the continuous model in populations with non-overlapping generations or smaller densities. The harvesting coefficient’s optimal value has finally been identified, and an optimal harvesting policy has been introduced. To verify the results, further numerical simulations have been performed.
Efficacy of very low-calorie ketogenic diet with the Pronokal® method in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a 16-week randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pandurevic Srdjan , Mancini Ilaria , Mitselman Dimitri , Magagnoli Matteo , Teglia Rita , Fazzeri Roberta , Dionese Paola , Cecchetti Carolina , Caprio Massimiliamo , Moretti Costanzo , Sicinska Justyna , Agostini Alessandro , Gazineo Domenica , Godino Lea , Sajoux Ignacio , Fanelli Flaminia , Meriggiola Cristina M , Pagotto Uberto , Gambineri Alessandra 
Published: April 2023

Objective
The aim of this study isto assess the efficacy of a very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) method vs a Mediterranean low-calorie diet (LCD) in obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women of a reproductive age.

Design
Randomized controlled open-label trial was performed in this study. The treatment period was 16 weeks; VLCKD for 8 weeks then LCD for 8 weeks, according to the Pronokal® method (experimental group; n = 15) vs Mediterranean LCD for 16 weeks (control group; n = 15). Ovulation monitoring was carried out at baseline and after 16 weeks, while a clinical exam, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), anthropometry, and biochemical analyses were performed at baseline, at week 8, and at week 16.

Results
BMI decreased significantly in both groups and to a major extent in the experimental group (−13.7% vs −5.1%, P = 0.0003). Significant differences between the experimental and the control groups were also observed in the reduction of waist circumference (−11.4% vs −2.9%), BIA-measured body fat (−24.0% vs −8.1%), and free testosterone (−30.4% vs −12.6%) after 16 weeks (P = 0.0008, P = 0.0176, and P = 0.0009, respectively). Homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance significantly decreased only in the experimental group (P = 0.0238) but without significant differences with respect to the control group (−23% vs −13.2%, P > 0.05). At baseline, 38.5% of participants in the experimental group and 14.3% of participants in the control group had ovulation, which increased to 84.6% (P = 0.031) and 35.7% (P > 0.05) at the end of the study, respectively.

Conclusion
In obese PCOS patients, 16 weeks of VLCKD protocol with the Pronokal® method was more effective than Mediterranean LCD in reducing total and visceral fat, and in ameliorating hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction.

Significance statements
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first randomized controlled trial on the use of the VLCKD method in obese PCOS. It demonstrates the superiority of VLCKD with respect to Mediterranean LCD in reducing BMI with an almost selective reduction of fat mass and a unique effect of VLCKD in reducing visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, and in increasing SHBG with a consequent reduction of free testosterone. Interestingly, this study also demonstrates the superiority of the VLCKD protocol in improving ovulation, whose occurrence increased by 46.1% in the group treated by the VLCKD method against a rise of 21.4% in the group treated by Mediterranean LCD. This study extends the therapeutic approach possibilities in obese PCOS women.
In situ visualization of water transport in cement mortar with an ultra-low w/b ratio under the coupling conditions of osmotic pressure, confining pressure, and temperature
Authors: Liu Zhiyong , Wang Yuncheng , Wu Meng , Xia Xizhi , Zhang Yunsheng , Jiang Jinyang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe deep underground environment has complex geological conditions, which result in cement-based materials under the coupling conditions of high crustal stress, high pressure, and high temperature for the long-term. Thus, the mechanism of water transport is more complicated and often accelerates the deterioration of cement-based materials. In this study, the rules of water transport in mortar with an ultra-low w/b ratio under the coupling conditions of osmotic pressure, confining pressure, and temperature were systemically investigated based on a novel experimental device and low-field NMR technology. Experimental results showed that the saturation of the pore structure and penetration depth of mortar increased rapidly in the early stage (the first 10 min), and the water was mainly filled in nano-scale pores. Low-field NMR imaging technology could be applied to the visualization study of water transport in WPC mortar. With the increase of osmotic pressure and ambient temperature, the penetration rate of water in mortar was significantly increased, and the water was preferentially filled in nano-scale pores with pore sizes less than approximately 200 nm. The increase of confining pressure could improve the permeability of mortar to a certain extent due to the decrease in the penetration rate of water. For water transport in mortar with an ultra-low w/b ratio, the descending order of influence degree of different factors was osmotic pressure, confining pressure, and temperature.
PREPARATION AND STUDY OF A PU-MODIFIED EPOXY RESIN COLD PATCHING MIXTURE
Authors: Huang Xiaofeng , Luo Junhui , Tang Pengfei , Xie Cheng , Chen Jiangcai 
Published: April 2023

Focusing on the problems of low strength and insufficient water stability of the cold patch mixture for asphalt pavement, a polyether polyurethane prepolymer with high activity was prepared in this experiment, and then the epoxy resin was modified with the prepolymer to prepare a kind of epoxy-resin-mixture pothole-repair material with high strength and high toughness. The content of polyurethane prepolymer was optimized using a low-temperature tensile test and a normal-environment-condition mechanical test, and the mechanical properties and road performance of the PU-modified epoxy-resin mixture were studied with a rutting test, bending test, Cantabro scattering and a splitting test. The results show that PU prepolymer-modified epoxy resin can effectively increase the toughness and strength of the binder, and that the toughness and mechanical properties of 20 phr PU prepolymer are the best. The road performance of the PU-modified epoxy-resin cold patch mixture is excellent. There is little difference between the immersion scattering loss rate and the standard loss rate, and both are less than 4 %, indicating that the mixture has excellent anti-scattering and water-loss performance. It is very suitable as a cold patch material for pavement pits. Due to its comprehensive road performance and reasonable price, the use of the PU-modified epoxy resin binder content of 4 % is recommended.
Influence of length of use of the Information and Communication Technologies on the health of school-age children
Authors: Mačak Hadžiomerović Amra , Lazić Miloš , Mahmutović Jasmina , Katana Bakir , Salkić Naim , Mitrić Žarko , Pašalić Adisa , Konjo Hadžan , Julardžija Fuad 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The use of the Internet is becoming increasingly important in enabling children and adults to fully participate in society, whether it is learning new skills or connecting with friends and family. Consequently, children's opportunities are increasingly dependent on the Internet. The advance of technological innovations has resulted in more and more ICT devices being available to children, contributing to the deterioration of children and adolescents' health.
Methods: The study was designed as an epidemiological, cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical, comparative study. The study was conducted from October 18, 2021, to January 16, 2022, using an online questionnaire accessible through the Microsoft Forms platform. Respondents were able to access the questionnaire via a link or QR code located on the child's consent form for participation in the study, which was previously signed by a parent/guardian.
Results: The results of the study showed that school-age children were the most frequent users of smartphones and watches TV, with male respondents spending more time using almost all ICT devices, with the exception of tablets, which were used more frequently by female respondents. The analysis of pain intensity in the use of information and communication technologies revealed that respondents most frequently experienced mild pain, especially in the neck/shoulders and lower extremities. The frequency of eye problems after using ICT devices was found to be occasional, with the most pronounced symptoms being fatigue, tearing, and eyestrain, as well as headaches in one in five respondents.
Conclusion: Increasing frequency of ICT device use was associated with higher pain intensity in all anatomic regions. A 1-hour increase in weekly ICT device use also increased the likelihood of pain intensity in all anatomic regions, including eye symptoms and headaches. High exposure to ICT is of concern because it leads to adverse health outcomes for children.
A comparison of serum levels of uric acid, c-reactive protein and nitric oxide in preeclampsia patients and normal healthy pregnant females
Authors: Singh Dikshanshu , Rahman Adil , Kanti Vaibhav 
Published: April 2023

Preeclampsia is a human pregnancy specific multisystem disease of unknown etiology. It is a major cause of maternal mortality, morbidities, perinatal deaths, preterm birth and intrauterine growth restriction. It was aimed to find the role of Uric Acid, CRP and Nitric Oxide in preeclampsia by comparing their levels with normal pregnant females. As its etiology is unknown, so it’s early detection and its follow up is required to prevent maternal and fetal complicationsA case control study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, UPUMS Medical College and Hospital, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study group includes 50 normal healthy pregnant females and 50 preeclampsia patients who were between 20 - 40 years of age and more than 20 weeks of gestation.There was significantly (p&#60;0.0001) raised serum uric acid, C-reactive protein and decreased nitric oxide levels in preeclampsia patients as compared to normal healthy pregnant females.: It concludes that high serum levels of uric acid, C-reactive protein and low levels of nitric oxide shows their important role in pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Their serum levels can be considered as an indicative markers for disease and its severity of preeclampsia to prevent maternal and fetal complications.
Impact of Kidney Damage on the Course and Prognosis of COVID-19 Infection According to the International Registry «Analysis of Chronic Non-Infectious Diseases Dynamics After Covid-19 Infection in Adult Patients»
Authors: Batiushin M. M. , Trubnikova M. A. , Tarlovskaya E. I. , Arutyunov G. P. , Batluk T. I. , Bashkinov R. A. , Melnikov E. S. , Arutyunov A. G. 
Published: April 2023

Objective. To study the course of the new coronavirus infection in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), to identify cases of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the setting of COVID-19 infection, and to access the impact of renal function on prognosis in these categories of patients during the acute phase and after hospitalization, at 3, 6, and 12 months after recovery. Materials and methods. The ACTIV and ACTIV 2 registries included men and women older than 18 years with a diagnosis of COVID-19 based on a positive PCR test for COVID-19 and a characteristic chest X-ray or computed tomography chest scan. Results. A total of 9364 patients (4404 men, average age59 [48-69]) were included in the analysis. 716 (7.67 %) patients had CKD. 8496 (90,7 %) patients had their glomerular filtration rate (GFR) measured during hospitalization, and the values were distributed as follows: ≥90 ml/min/1.73m2 – in 4289 (50,5 %) patients, 89-60 ml/min/1.73m2 — in 3150 (37,1 %) patients, 59-45 ml/min/1.73m2 — in 613 (7,22 %), 44-30 ml/min/1.73m2 — in 253 (2,98 %), 29-15 ml/min/1.73m2 — in 110 (1,29 %), <15 ml/min/1.73m2 — in 81 (0,95 %) patients. 11.6 % of the subjects (n=1068) developed AKI during hospitalization. This complication was reported more often than cytokine storm (in 7.46 % in 687 patients, р<0,001) or sepsis (in 0.17 % in 16 patients, p=620). CKD increased the risk of death by 3.94-fold in patients with COVID-19 during hospitalization compared with patients without CKD. The mortality of patients with AKI during hospitalization was 3.94 times higher than the mortality of those without AKI. CKD also affected long-term survival after hospitalization: within 3 months of follow-up, the risk of death in patients with CKD increased 4.88-fold, within 6 months — 4.24-fold, after 12 months – 8.36-fold. Conclusion. The prevalence of CKD in COVID-19 patients is similar to that in the general population. AKI developed in 11.6 % of cases with COVID-19 infection and was observed more frequently in patients with overweight and hyperglycemia. CKD and AKI increased the risk of hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19. In the group of patients with CKD, mortality increased in the post-COVID period, 3, 6 and 12 months after. The high mortality rate of patients who had AKI during the coronavirus infection was observed only in the first 3 months of follow-up in the post-COVID period.
MAGDM for selecting machine learning techniques: A novel approach utilizing the 2-tuple linguistic cubic q-rung orthopair fuzzy set
Authors: Naz Sumera , Akram Muhammad , Sagheer Hira , Fatima Syeda Saba 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Machine learning is a powerful technology for both current and future information management and it is already being used in a variety of domains. The use of machine learning in cyber security is still in its early stages, emphasizing the
significant gap between research and practice. The q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) has been demonstrated to be a valuable tool in describing decision-makers (DMs) assessment values in multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM). In this paper, we introduce a new tool called the 2-tuple linguistic cubic q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (2TLCq-ROFS) based on the combination of q-ROFS with interval-valued q-ROFS under the 2-tuple linguistic scenario in order to capture DMs assessment information in the complex MAGDM problems in a more efficient way. We investigate machine learning based MAGDM problems in cyber security in which the DM’s preference information is expressed as the 2TLCq-ROF numbers (2TLCqROFNs). Based on the combination of power average and power geometric operators with Muirhead mean, we propose a family of new aggregation operators including: the 2TLCq-ROF power Muirhead mean (2TLCq-ROFPMM), the 2TLCq-ROF dual power Muirhead mean (2TLCq-ROFDPMM), the 2TLCq-ROF weighted power Muirhead mean (2TLCq-ROFWPMM), and the 2TLCq-ROF weighted dual power Muirhead mean (2TLCq-ROFWDPMM) operators under the 2TLCq-ROF environment, which are more precise than the current aggregation operators and take into account the interconnection of the 2TLCq-ROFNs. Then, a versatile 2TLCq-ROF MAGDM approach is established and a case study on the evaluation of machine learning techniques in cyber security is given to show the method’s effectiveness and validity. Moreover, a parameter analysis is carried out to analyze the influence of parameters on ranking results. The comparative analysis further confirms the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approach to show why DMs should select our suggested strategy over several others. In the end, some conclusions of this paper are determined and future directions are demonstrated.
Multidimensional social inclusion and its prediction in schizophrenia spectrum disorder
Authors: Hao Jiasi , Tiles-Sar Natalia , Liemburg Edith J , Habtewold Tesfa Dejenie , Bruggeman Richard , Meer Lisette van der , Alizadeh Behrooz Z 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Social inclusion is poor among patients with chronic disorders such as schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). It significantly impacts patient life, healthcare and society. We aimed to study multidimensional social inclusion (mSI) among patients diagnosed with SSD, and to test the prediction of mSI. We used the baseline and 3-year follow-up data of 1,119 patients from the Genetic Risk and Outcome in Psychosis (GROUP) cohort. The mSI was conceptualized by all subscales from social functioning (measured by Social Functioning Scale [SFS]) and quality of life (measured by the brief version of World Health Organization Quality of Life [WHOQOL-BREF]) questionnaires. K-means clustering was applied to identify mSI subgroups. Prediction models were built and internally validated via multinomial logistic regression (MLR) and random forest (RF) methods. Model fittings were compared by common factors, accuracy and the discriminability of mSI subgroups. We identified five mSI groups: “very low (social functioning)/very low (quality of life)”, “low/low”, “high/low”, “medium/high”, and “high/high”. The mSI was robustly predicted by genetic predisposition, premorbid social functioning, symptoms (i.e., positive, negative and depressive), number of met needs and baseline satisfaction with the environment and social life. The RF model was cautiously regarded to outperform the MLR model. We distinguished meaningful subgroups of mSI by combining rather than using two measurements standalone. The mSI subgroups were modestly predictable. The mSI has the potentials for personalized interventions to improve social recovery in patients. Different from conventional outcomes, we introduced mSI which has implications beyond clinics and could be applied to other disorders.
Exploring the Knowledge and Attitudes of Medical Doctors in South Africa towards Medical Cannabis: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Audain Keiron 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The attitudes and perceptions of medical practitioners towards medical cannabis is important to understand. A qualitative study was conducted to examine the attitudes and knowledge of medical doctors in South Africa towards medical cannabis.
Methods
Twenty medical doctors were recruited for online semi-structured interviews, which were guided by predefined themes including knowledge, legislation, willingness to prescribe, and potential risks. The data collected was analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results
There is a general discomfort with the current level of knowledge about medical cannabis among participants, with many expressing a lack of personal knowledge and concern about the quality and accuracy of public information. There is also confusion and uncertainty about the legislation surrounding medical cannabis, with some participants stating that it is unclear or vague, and others reporting that their institutions have negative or exclusionary positions on the use of cannabis in medical treatment. Additionally, participants cited a lack of protocols and access to pharmaceutical grade cannabis as primary impediments to prescribing medical cannabis, and expressed concerns about the potential long-term side effects of abuse and the lack of head-to-head clinical trials with varying cannabinoid subtypes.
Conclusion
The study suggests a need for more education and training on medical cannabis, as well as clearer guidelines and protocols to facilitate its safe and effective use in medical treatment.
Research And Application Of Deep Learning Algorithm In C-shaped Root Canal Identification Of mandibular second molars
Authors: Zhang Peng , He Pinghua , Ye Cunjuan , Wu Hongping , Huang Lingjie , Liao Lan Lan , Ou-yang Huidan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective:C-shaped root canal morphology is complex and usually appears in the mandibular second molar. Accurate identification of its morphology facilitates clinical decision making.Deep learning has great advantages in image identification and classification by learning the inherent rules and representation levels of sample data.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the classification effect of deep learning algorithms in CBCT cross-sectional morphology of C-shaped root canals of mandibular second molars, and to develop the artificial intelligence recognition system using the best algorithm.
Method:A total of 2266 CBCT cross-sectional images of mandibular second molars,including 1174 C-shaped and 1092 non C-shaped root canals were collected. Nine deep learning algorithms including GoogleNet,InceptionV3,InceptionResNetV2, MobileNet, NASNetMobile, ResNet152, ResNet50V2, ResNet101V2 and VGG were used to train these data models.The accuracy,model parameters, training time, confusion matrix and AUC were used to evaluate model performance.
Result:The training accuracy of nine deep learning algorithms was 100.0%, 100.0%, 99.9%, 100.0%, 99.8%, 99.6%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 91.3%,the testing accuracy was 96.3%, 94.0%, 97.2%, 92.6%, 70.4%, 44.4%, 94.4%, 98.1%, 44.9%, the AUC value was 0.99, 0.99, 0.99, 0.98, 0.92, 0.88, 1.00, 0.99, 0.83, the training time was 102, 227, 862, 135, 189, 1009, 286, 502, 480min, the model parameters were 5975602, 21806882, 54339810, 3230914, 4271830, 58375042, 23568898, 42630658, 20025410 .The results show that NASNetMobile,
ResNet152 and VGG algorithms have low test accuracy and poor generalization ability. ResNet101V2 has the highest test accuracy and the best effect.
Conclusion: The deep learning algorithm can quickly and effectively identify the C-shaped root canals of the mandibular second molars, and ResNet101V2 algorithm works best. The prototype of artificial intelligence recognition system based on this algorithm can reduce the work intensity and subjectivity of doctors' recognition, and has a good application prospect.