bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorine‐regulated carbon nanotubes decorated with Co single atoms for multi‐site electrocatalysis toward two‐electron oxygen reduction
Authors: Tian Yunrui , Chen Rui , Liu Xiaoqing , Yin Lichang , Yang De'an , Hou Feng , Liang Ji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProducing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) via a two‐electron oxygen reduction reaction (2 e−‐ORR) is a promising alternative to the conventional anthraquinone process, because of its exceptional low‐risk and distributed features. The low yield of H2O2 on typical electrocatalysts, usually associated with limited and vulnerable catalytically active sites on their surface, has been the major restriction for improving the practical viability of this technology. Herein, we report an ultrafast microwave‐based strategy for constructing distant coordination of Co single‐atom sites with secondary fluorene heterodopants on carbon nanotubes, which successfully converts the 2 e−‐ORR active centers from a single Co atom to multiple surrounding carbon atoms, increasing both the quantity and durability of active sites for 2 e−‐ORR. Consequently, a high H2O2 yield of up to 18.6 mol g−1 L−1 has been achieved, accompanied by a Faraday efficiency of 90%. Besides, an accumulative H2O2 concentration of 5.2 g L−1 is obtained after 20 h electrocatalysis, showing the material's high stability and feasibility for practical applications. Density functional theory simulations confirm the optimal adsorption of *OOH on these carbon sites, providing very low kinetic barriers for 2 e−‐ORR. Thus, this work provides a high‐performance electrocatalyst for 2 e−‐ORR, and more importantly strategy for promoting the performance of single‐atom catalysts.image
CO₂‐shallow groundwater interaction and related hydrogeochemical mechanisms: A review on reduced‐scale CO2 release field experiments
Authors: Zielinski João Pedro T. , Melo Clarissa L. , Iglesias Rodrigo S. , Reginato Pedro R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCarbon capture and storage (CCS) has been highlighted as a crucial technology for reducing carbon emissions, yet CO₂ leakage from the reservoir is still a matter of great public concern, especially because of water pollution reasons. Hence, reduced‐scale CO₂ release experiments have been conducted worldwide to study hydrogeochemical response in shallow groundwaters. Although other reviews have been previously published, this study reviews critical data to establish a geochemical process‐based framework of the scientific findings. Following this, four mechanisms were found to be responsible for hydrogeochemical behavior: (i) ion exchange is mainly responsible for short‐lived increase in Mg, Ca, Ba and Sr concentrations; (ii) sorption and desorption processes were related to heavy metal and trace element variations, seemingly due to the presence of oxyhydroxides and clay minerals; (iii) silicate and carbonate dissolution played different roles as a function of specific aquifer mineralogy, releasing metals or influencing divalent cations response; (iv) conservative, mixing and oxidation processes were pointed out as possible mechanisms regulating variations of Cl⁻, SO₄2⁻ and NO₃⁻. Although studies suggested no parameter exceeded potable limits, most experiments were short‐lived, possibly overlooking the CO₂ leakage response in a long‐term exposure. Hence, further work is still needed specially to support relevant environmental legislation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multi‐institutional study of clinical outcomes of patients with head and neck cancer presenting with cN3 disease
Authors: Witek Matthew E. , Morris Christopher G. , Alexander Gregory S. , Dontu Pragnya , Koroulakis Antony I. , Regine William F. , Mendenhall William M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate disease control, toxicities, and variables associated with clinical outcomes for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and clinical N3 disease (HNSCC N3) treated with definitive chemoradiation therapy.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of patients with HNSCC N3 treated at two high‐volume academic centers between 1996 and 2019.ResultsWe identified 85 patients with a median follow‐up of 2.8 years. Five‐year overall survival, regional control, and freedom from distant metastases rates were 38%, 80%, and 80%, respectively. Severe complications were identified in 19% of patients.ConclusionsFavorable regional control is achievable with definitive chemoradiation therapy for patients with HNSCC N3 disease. Distant metastases are a common pattern of failure and should be a focus of prospective study.
A multicenter retrospective analysis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated in IMRT era from a nonendemic population: Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology Head and Neck Cancer Group Study (TROD 01‐001)
Authors: Yildirim Halil Cumhur , Kupik Gulnihan Eren , Mustafayev Teuta Zoto , Berber Tanju , Yavuz Berrin , Cetinayak Oguz , Akagunduz Ozlem , Bıcakcı Beyhan Ceylaner , Arslan Suheyla Aytac , Soykut Ela Delikgoz , Gundog Mete , Figen Metin , Teke Fatma , Canyilmaz Emine , Birgi Sumerya Duru , Duzova Mursel , İgdem Sefik , Abakay Candan Demiroz , Atasoy Beste , Kaydihan Nuri , Parvizi Murtaza , Uslu Gonca Hanedan , Saginc Halil , Akman Fadime , Ozyar Enis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to evaluate patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in a nonendemic population.MethodsIn a national, retrospective, multicenteric study, 563 patients treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy at 22 centers between 2015 and 2020 were analyzed.ResultsMedian age was 48 (9–83), age distribution was bimodal, 74.1% were male, and 78.7% were stage III‐IVA. Keratinizing and undifferentiated carcinoma rates were 3.9% and 81.2%. Patients were treated with concomitant chemoradiotherapy (48.9%), or radiotherapy combined with induction chemotherapy (25%) or adjuvant chemotherapy (19.5%). After 34 (6–78) months follow‐up, 8.2% locoregional and 8% distant relapse were observed. Three‐year overall survival was 89.5% and was lower in patients with age ≥50, male sex, keratinizing histology, T4, N3 and advanced stage (III‐IVA).ConclusionsPatients with NPC in Turkey have mixed clinical features of both east and west. Survival outcomes are comparable to other reported series; however, the rate of distant metastases seems to be lower.
Why subclinical involvement is prescribed the same high dose as gross tumor volume: A study on high‐dose clinical target volume in intensity‐modulated radiotherapy plan of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Qiu Zichen , Lin Feifei , Wu Zheng , Wu Taihua , Wang Mingli , Hu Jiang , Xie Dehuan , Lyu Shaowen , Ma Jun , Tao Yalan , Su Yong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMost nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) protocols define primary gross tumor volume (GTVnx) plus a range from 2 to 5 mm as the high‐dose clinical target volume (hd‐CTV). However, in China, hd‐CTV is defined as GTVnx plus 0 mm.MethodsA total of 40 patients with newly diagnosed nonmetastatic NPC (T1–T4 ten cases each) treated with IMRT were consecutively enrolled. Real and virtual treatment plans were designed according to the definitions of hd‐CTV recommended by China and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG), respectively.ResultsThe hd‐CTV in China was significantly smaller than that of RTOG. Exposure doses to 5 mm subclinical involvement and OARs as well as NTCP in the China treatment plan were significantly lower than those of RTOG.ConclusionIt could be recommended to divide the hd‐CTV into GTV and subclinical target volume and to prescribe different doses for the GTV and subclinical involvement in the IMRT plan of NPC.
Solid Phase Synthesis of Fluorosulfate Containing Macrocycles for Chemoproteomic Workflows
Authors: Faucher Franco F. , Abegg Daniel , Ipock Phillip , Adibekian Alexander , Lovell Scott , Bogyo Matthew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMacrocyclic peptides are attractive for chemoproteomic applications due to their modular synthesis and potential for high target selectivity. We describe a solid phase synthesis method for the efficient generation of libraries of small macrocycles that contain an electrophile and alkyne handle. The modular synthesis produces libraries that can be directly screened using simple SDS‐PAGE readouts and then optimal lead molecules applied to proteomic analysis. We generated a library of 480 macrocyclic peptides containing the weakly reactive fluorosulfate (OSF) electrophile. Initial screening of a subset of the library containing each of the various diversity elements identified initial molecules of interest. The corresponding positional and confirmational isomers were then screened to select molecules that showed specific protein labeling patterns that were dependent on the probe structure. The most promising hits were applied to standard chemoproteomic workflows to identify protein targets. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of rapid, on‐resin synthesis of diverse macrocyclic electrophiles to generate new classes of covalent ligands.
Efficacy and safety of low‐dose oral isotretinoin monotherapy versus combined therapy with picosecond laser for the treatment of acne scars in Asian population
Authors: Xue Huan , Ye Dan , Huang Shiliu , He Shujuan , Li Youbao , Liu Jing , Hu Die , Zhu Yu , Hu Guanglei , Dong Yan , Shen Hua , Zeng Wei‐Hui , Wang Zhao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeAcne scars are common in patients with moderate to severe acne. Isotretinoin is the first‐line treatment for those patients, but whether oral isotretinoin can improve acne scar is not clear. Picosecond lasers (FxPico) has been reported to improve acne scars. In the present study, we evaluated the clinical efficacy of low‐dose isotretinoin with or without FxPico treatment for acne scars.Materials and MethodsA total of 48 patients with acne scars were enrolled and were randomly assigned to receive low dose oral isotretinoin or not. For all the patients in both treatment groups, one side of face were randomly assigned to be treated with picosecond laser. Assessments, including photos, échelle d'évaluation clinique des cicatrices d'acné (ECCA) and Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) score, the number of lesions, melanin and erythema indexes, transepidermal water loss were assessed at 0, 1, 2, and 3 month. Side effects, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and satisfaction were recorded before and after the study.ResultsA total of 44 patients completed the study (24 received oral low dose isotretinoin and 20 did not). Low dose oral isotretinoin treated group showed significant improvement on ECCA (from 112.5 [50–180] to 105 [50–160]), GAGS score (from 12.6 ± 3.3 to 10.1 ± 3.0), the count of papules (from 4.3 ± 3.7 to 1.0 ± 1.5) than the blank group, and higher improvement were noticed after isotretinoin combined with FxPico. All the side effects were temporary and tolerable, no adverse effects were observed. Higher DLQI and patients' satisfaction were achieved by oral isotretinoin alone and isotretinoin combined with FxPico.ConclusionsThis is the first paper showing the improvement of scars by early low dose‐isotretinoin intervention with or without the combination of picosecond laser. Early intervention with oral low‐dose isotretinoin is effective for the treatment and prevention of acne scars, the combined therapy with FxPico can achieve better outcome.
On the role of reduced habitat in the phase transition of a stochastic model for seed dispersal
Authors: Coletti Cristian F. , Marić Nevena , Rodriguez Pablo M. 
Published: March 2023

Habitat loss is one of the biggest threats facing plant species nowadays. We formulate a simple mathematical model of seed dispersal on reduced habitats to discuss survival of the species in relation to the habitat size and seeds production rate. Seeds get dispersed around the mother plant via several agents in a random way. In our model, seeds landing sites are distributed according to a homogeneous Poisson point process with a constant rate on
. We will assume that each seed will successfully germinate and grow into a new plant with the same characteristics as the mother plant. The time is discrete, scaled according to generations of plants, or can represent years, since annual plants go through an entire growing cycle during 1 year. Then we will assume there are two symmetric barriers with respect to the origin and consider that the growth cannot evolve past the barriers. Imposing barriers correspond to the physical limitation of the habitat. We appeal to tools of probability theory to formalize and study such a model, which can be seen as a discrete‐time one‐dimensional branching random walk with barriers. By means of coupling techniques and the comparison with suitably constructed multitype branching processes, we localize the critical parameter of the process around which there is survival with positive probability or extinction almost surely. In addition, we consider a discrete‐space version of the model for which exact results are also obtained.
Protection of γ‐Amino Butyric Acid on Radiation Induced Intestinal Injury in Mice
Authors: Ji Chenxuan , Wu Ming , Zou Jiaqi , Fu Jiayi , Chen Hongzhang , Li Wenzhi , Wu Xiaoyong 
Published: March 2023

ScopeGamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) represents positive effects in stress model, but the exact antioxidant remains unclear. This study aims to determine what GABA do and how GABA interfere on oxidative stress in the small intestine of radiation‐induced intestinal injury (RIII) mice.Methods and resultsC57BL/6J mice are gavaged. (1) Investigating the effects of GABA (50 100 mg kg−1 BW d−1) on basic information of healthy mice, and the survival time of RIII mice. (2) Evaluating the effect between GABA and theanine (100 mg kg−1 BW d−1) to RIII mice on the small intestine, by observing jejunum pathology, oxidative stress in small intestine and its mitochondria, and apoptosis protein expression. GABA reduces the weight loss and prolongs the median survival time of RIII mice. GABA and theanine reduce liver hyperemia, protect the villus crypt of jejunum, increase the antioxidant of duodenum and its mitochondria, to maintain the normal function and morphology. Besides, GABA increases B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2) expression and inhibits Caspase‐3 activation, thereby inhibiting mitochondria‐induced apoptosis.ConclusionGABA reduces the oxidative stress of small intestine in RIII mice, and maintains the normal morphology and function of mitochondria, which mechanism is that high Bcl‐2 expression inhibits the autophagy of mitochondrial pathway, thus reducing intestinal barrier damage.
Steerable composite right–left‐hand‐based printed antenna circuitry for 5G applications
Authors: Jwair Marwah Haleem , Elwi Taha A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this article, the proposed antenna structure is designed for modern wireless communication systems. The antenna structure is consistent with 11‐unit cells of composite right–left‐hand (CRLH) inclusions mounted on an FR4 substrate. Therefore, the antenna size is miniaturized effectively to 30 × 20 mm2 to cover the frequency bands around 2.45 GHz, for Wi‐Fi, and 4.2–6 GHz, for sub‐6 5G, networks. The design process is conducted on a circuit model and numerical simulations by evaluating the unit cell transmission phase spectra. For this, a comparison between the circuit model and the numerical simulations is invoked for validation. Such an antenna is found to provide a maximum gain of 6.2 dBi at 4.6 GHz. Next, 11 PIN diodes control the current motion between the antenna patch and the CRLH array. Therefore, PIN arrays are connected to the patch and the ground plane to maintain the surface current motion that realizes main lobe beam steering. The proposed antenna performance is simulated numerically using the CSTMWS software package. Then, it is fabricated and tested experimentally for validation. An excellent agreement is achieved between the simulated and measured results. Finally, it is found this antenna provides excellent beam steering −92° to 92° to suit many modern networks.
Joule‐Thomson Expansion and Optical Behaviour of Reissner‐Nordström‐Anti‐de Sitter Black Holes in Rastall Gravity Surrounded by a Quintessence Field
Authors: Gogoi Dhruba Jyoti , Sekhmani Yassine , Kalita Digbijay , Gogoi Naba Jyoti , Bora Jyatsnasree 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with the thermodynamics, Joule‐Thomson expansion and optical behaviour of a Reissner‐Nordström‐anti‐de Sitter black hole in Rastall gravity surrounded by a quintessence field. The black hole solution obtained in this framework is different from a corresponding black hole in General Relativity. The black hole metric function, as well as the Hawking temperature, is affected by the presence of energy‐momentum conservation violation. The presence of energy‐momentum conservation violation also affects the isenthalpic and inversion temperature curves, and with an increase in the Rastall parameter, the inversion temperature rises slowly. The impacts of other parameters, such as charge, structural constant etc., are investigated and compared. The black hole shadow, as well as the energy emission rate of the black hole, decreases with an increase in the Rastall parameter. Hence, the black holes evaporate slowly in presence of energy‐momentum conservation violation.
Hierarchically Porous and Magnetic MgFe2O4@MgAl‐LDHs Microspheres Synthesized by a Bio‐Templating Strategy for Efficient Removal of Congo Red from Water**
Authors: Hu Kaiyuan , Luo Hui , Han Yang , Zuo Min , Li Jia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLDHs (Layered double hydroxides) has broad application prospects as adsorbent. Herein, a facile bio‐template route was developed using pine pollens to fabricate a novel 3D hierarchical MgFe2O4@MgAl‐LDHs adsorbent for rapid removal of organic pollutant from water. The agglomeration of the LDH sheets was prevented and evenly distributed over the surface of MgFe2O4which resulting in large surface area (108.660 m2 g−1). The adsorption and regeneration of the adsorbent were examined. The as‐prepared MgFe2O4@MgAl‐LDHs exhibited excellent adsorption capacity (191.20 mg g−1) for Congo Red and still remained 81.61 % (156.03 mg g−1) of the first time after regenerated 3 times with methanol. Additionally, it could be conveniently recycled via an external magnetic field. The high adsorption capacity, easy recycling, and the low‐cost and readily available biomass made MgFe2O4@MgAl‐LDHs attractive for water remediation.
Effect of loading strain rate and short PVA fibers on the tensile mechanical performance of carbon TRM
Authors: Dong Zhifang , Dai Jie , Deng Mingke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTextile reinforced mortar (TRM) is an alternative reinforcement material in terms of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) intervention due to the excellent compatibility with the substrate. The coupling effect of the seismic strain rate (10−4−10−1 s−1) and short polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers on the mechanical properties of carbon TRM was studied under the uniaxial tensile load. Forty groups of tensile samples were designed to obtain the relationships between the strain rate and the volume content of PVA fibers, as well as the number of grids and types of matrices. The crack distribution, failure mode and stress–strain responses of the tensile samples were presented. The results showed that the crack and peak strength can be enhanced to 4.0–7.2 MPa and 10.1–17.3 MPa when the strain rates ranged from 10−5 to 10−1 s−1, respectively. The strain‐rate sensitivity in the crack and peak strength was confirmed. Short PVA fibers and reinforced textile grids can effectively enhance the crack and peak strength and improve the crack pattern under the static and seismic strain rates. Finally, based on the strain rate and short fibers index, a quantitative model was proposed to estimate the tensile strength of TRM under the static and dynamic strain rates.
A primer on stream temperature processes
Authors: Leach Jason A. , Kelleher Christa , Kurylyk Barret L. , Moore R. Dan , Neilson Bethany T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStream temperature is one of the most critical factors controlling aquatic ecosystem health. Practitioners and researchers from a range of fields, including biology, ecology, hydrology, engineering, and watershed management, are concerned with how climate and environmental changes are impacting stream thermal regimes. This primer provides an introduction to the various energy and water exchange processes that underpin stream temperature patterns from small headwater streams to large river systems. An overview of the various energy exchanges is provided, including (1) advection associated with hydrologic processes, and energy exchanges at (2) the stream–atmosphere interface and (3) stream–bed interface. The interaction and spatiotemporal variability of these energy exchange processes are discussed using a water and energy balance framework. A sound physical understanding and appreciation of the complex controls governing stream thermal regimes will help inform effective management strategies to sustain healthy aquatic ecosystems in a changing world.This article is categorized under:
Science of Water > Science of Water
Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Water Quality
Water and Life > Nature of Freshwater Ecosystems
Celestial conformal colliders
Authors: Hu Yangrui , Pasterski Sabrina 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We start by observing that the light-ray operators featured in the conformal collider literature are celestial primaries. This allows us to rephrase the corresponding 4D CFT correlators as probing a conformally soft matter sector of the 2D celestial CFT (CCFT). To demonstrate the utility of this perspective we show how the recent w1+∞ symmetry observed in CCFT suggests a natural extension of the conformal collider operators.
Deciphering colour building blocks of massive multiparton amplitudes at 4-loops and beyond
Authors: Agarwal Neelima , Pal Sourav , Srivastav Aditya , Tripathi Anurag 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The soft function in non-abelian gauge theories exponentiate, and their logarithms can be organised in terms of the collections of Feynman diagrams called Cwebs. The colour factors that appear in the logarithm are controlled by the web mixing matrices. Direct construction of the diagonal blocks of Cwebs using the new concepts of Normal ordering, basis Cweb and Fused-Web was recently carried out in [1]. In this article we establish correspondence between the boomerang webs introduced in [2] and non-boomerang Cwebs. We use this correspondence together with Uniqueness theorem and Fused web formalism introduced in [1] to obtain the diagonal blocks of four general classes of Cwebs to all orders in perturbation theory which also cover all the four loop Boomerang Cwebs connecting four Wilson lines. We also fully construct the mixing matrix of a special Cweb to all orders in perturbation theory.