bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remnant cholesterol is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Jin Junguo , Hu Xiangming , Francois Melissa , Zeng Ping , Wang Weimian , Yu Bingyan , Zhou Yingling , Dong Haojian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Epidemiologic evidence suggested that remnant cholesterol (RC) is associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In recent years, RC has been connected with different types of cardiometabolic disorders. We aim to clarify the relationship among RC, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and subsequent CVD.
Methods: We enrolled 7471 individuals into our study from China Health and Nutrition Survey in 2009 and followed participants till 2015. RC was calculated as total cholesterol minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. CVD was defined as myocardial infarction and stroke. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between RC and MetS as well as CVD. The correlation between RC and MetS or its components were analyzed. We further investigated whether the association between RC and CVD was mediated by MetS.
Results: Of all subjects, 24.73% were diagnosed with MetS and 3.58% developed CVD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis elucidated that the risk of MetS increased with RC tertiles and was elevated after adjusting all the confounder factors, (odds ratio: 3.50, 95% confidence interval: 3.22-3.80, P for trend <0.001). Meanwhile, we found that RC level is associated with the prevalence of all the components of MetS. Significant indirect effects of RC between MetS and CVD were found, with the index mediated at 60.90% of the association.
Conclusions:Our study provides the evidence that RC level is independently associated with the prevalence of MetS and each component of MetS. MetS partially mediated the association between RC level and CVD risk.
Dual Architecture and Bioenergetics of Cellulose-Graphene Oxide-Arginine Aerogel Supports Stem Cell Bioactivity for Cartilage Regeneration
Authors: Pareek Puneet , Chaudhary Shivani , Singh Sonu , Thodikayil Aiswarya Thattaru , Kalyanasundaram Dinesh , Kumar Sachin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The avascular nature of cartilage tissue limits the self-regeneration ability of the tissue to counter any damage and this has become a substantial burden to health of individuals. As a result, there is a high demand to repair and regenerate cartilage; several methods have been developed, primarily based on tissue-engineering techniques. So far, emphasis has been given to modifying the scaffold’s surface chemistry, crosslinking, and porosity to induce stem cell differentiation into chondrocytes to deposit thick cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM). However, most of these studies produced either microporous or nano-fibrous scaffolds to regenerate cartilage, but they lack biomimetic dual architecture of microporous construct with nano-fibrous interconnected structure like the native cartilage. Over the years, researchers have designed scaffolds to mimic tissue microenvironment with key metabolic components to promote efficient regeneration of tissue. Thus, scaffolds with dual architecture of microporous construct comprising of a nano-fibrous interconnected networks like native cartilage embedded with metabolite sources are necessary for a successful engineering of cartilage regeneration. Hence, in the present work, we have developed a biomimetic elastic, micro porous construct with nano-fibrous interconnection network of cellulose aerogel reinforced with arginine amino acid-functionalized graphene oxide for cartilage regeneration. The designed dual architectured aerogel loaded with bioenergetics provided multifunctionality via biomimetic morphology, enhanced mechanical stability, and cellular energetics to address the need for regeneration of cartilage tissues.
Pharmacognostical assessment, antioxidant ability and determination of phytomolecules using GC-MS in Gloriosa superba Linn
Authors: Singh Anupriya , Rai Geeta , Kumar Ashwani , Gautam Dev Nath Singh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Gloriosa superba Linn (family Colchicaceae) is a tendril climber with cylindrical and V or L shaped rhizomes that has received much attention due to its ancient pharmacological uses and being a rich source of colchicine. The pharmacognostical profile of leaf, stem and rhizome were analysed to assure the grade of raw material in the proposed investigation. Moreover, the antioxidant capacity of ethanolic rhizome extract of G. superba (EREG) was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assay. Simultaneously, we have evaluated the phytochemical profile of EREG by GC-MS and total phenolic content was performed as well. Transverse section of rhizome revealed thin layer of brownish scales that fabricate the outer skin. In addition, the cortical area made up of homogeneous fleshy and parenchymal cells filled with starch granules which is one of the superabundant diagnostic features of this plant. Pharmacognostical profile of leaf, stem and rhizome of the plant demonstrated the evidence of authenticity of this plant. Anti-scavenging capacity (IC50) and total phenolic content was 77.20% and 9.54 mg, GAE/g, respectively. The GC-MS library identified two phytoconstituents as diethyl phthalate (100% peak area) and arsenous acid, tris(trimethylsilyl) ester (22.68% peak area) whose vast benefits are reported in the fields of pharmaceuticals, industry and personal care products. Frivolous research work in the field of pharmacognosy, antioxidant ability and instrumental analysis for phytomolecules provides a vast avenue for research on G. superba.
Heavy metals contamination and ecological risks in agricultural soils of Usak, western Turkey: A geostatistical and multivariate analysis
Authors: Yildiz Umit , Ozkul Cafer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This research aimed to determine and evaluate the concentrations of As, Cu, Hg, Ni, and Pb, and the physicochemical properties of 48 agricultural soil samples, to identify potential ecological risks and their sources associated with heavy metals contamination in Usak, western Turkey. Various methods were used to assess ecological risks, including geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), degree of contamination (Cdeg), potential ecological risk (RI), and pollution load index (PLI). The heavy metals concentrations ranged from 4 to 61 mg/kg for As, 8 to 48 mg/kg for Cu, 0.01 to 0.06 mg/kg for Hg, 30 to 813 mg/kg for Ni, and 4 to 30 mg/kg for Pb. The mean As and Ni concentrations were much greater than Earth’s crustal average, the world’s mean values, and mean values from many other emerging countries. Igeo and EF values for As, Ni, and Pb indicate various degrees of contamination. Cdeg values show that 96% of the study area is affected to some degree by contamination. For RI values, 38% indicate ecological risks ranging from moderate to considerable degrees. PLI values show that 75% of the agricultural soils are moderately polluted. Spatial distribution maps of Cdeg, RI, and PLI show that the northeastern and southwestern parts of the study area have been polluted to different levels by As, Ni, and Pb. Industrial activities and excessive use of fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides were identified as major sources of heavy metals contamination in the agricultural soils of Uşak.
Understanding the Effect of Magnetic Field and Nanoparticle Concentration on Brownian Relaxation Time in Magnetic Nanofluids: A Semi-Analytical Model
Authors: Osaci Mihaela , Cacciola Matteo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Magnetic nanofluids are used in many types of applications. Therefore, the dynamics of magnetic nanoparticle systems under the action of magnetic field were intensively studied, lately. Many studies related to biomedical applications consider the Brownian relaxation time independent from the magnetic field and nanoparticle concentration. This modelling assumption can lead to certain errors in the estimation of some parameters of interest. Thus, these errors also propagate in the determination of the effective relaxation time, which is of great importance in the estimation of some quantities of interest such as SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) or ILP (Intrinsic Loss Power Values) for magnetic hyperthermia. This paper presents a study of these errors starting from a semi-analytical model. Our experimental results can be useful to understand the mechanisms of magnetic relaxation of a nanofluid in various conditions and, above all, to create suitable numerical evaluation models.
Prevalence of dental caries and knowledge of probiotics according to the Oral Health Monitoring Survey (OHMS) in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Guhanraj Radhamanalan , Dhanasekaran Dharumadurai 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background:
Probiotics are necessary to keep your gut healthy. In the current atmosphere, when dangerous bacteria are becoming new and further resistant to medications, maintaining a healthy gut microbiota has become essential for everyone. One's healthy lifestyle and social confidence are significantly predisposed to oral health.
Methods:
A total of 184 tooth swabs were collected from individuals in Tamil Nadu. Bacteria and fungi were isolated from dental caries tooth swab samples using standard plate count methods. A cross-sectional Oral Health Monitoring Survey (OHMS) was taken by a simple random selection process among major cities in Tamil Nadu, India. The population DMFT index and knowledge of probiotics were determined using SPSS Inc.'s statistical software for social sciences, version 28.0.1.1(15).
Results:
We found 156 dental caries pathogens among the Bacteria (57.05%) and fungi (42.95%) isolated from dental pathogens in Tamil Nadu. The DMFT index was modest at 2.5. about 85% of individuals are unaware of probiotics owing to a lack of awareness. The questionary showed that even though people are well educated along with that having proper oral hygiene practices but food consumption plays a vital role in dental caries formation and severe DMFT.
Conclusion:
The use of cariogenic items such as soft drinks, sugar, chocolate, citrus juices, junk food, sweets, and sweetened juices was obviously shown to be greater in those with the DMFT profile. However, those patients were unaware of how probiotics may shield them from cavities. Even though the respondents exercise good oral health, their poor eating habits are what mostly contribute to the development of dental caries. Probiotic microbes promote oral health and are safe for human consumption. Probiotics are a novel and exciting area of study in oral microbiology and oral medicine.
Practical implication:
Dental caries-causing bacteria can be treated by probiotic-based therapy such as Lactobacillus, and Bifidobacterium.
Pilot Scale Tannin Extraction from Chestnut Wood Waste using Hydrodynamic Cavitation
Authors: Meneguzzo Francesco , Albanese Lorenzo , Faraloni Cecilia , Meneguzzo Cosimo , Tagliavento Luca , Zabini Federica 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Tannins, extracted from various plant sources, are worldwide commodities used in several different fields, including leather manufacturing and the production of bio-based adhesives, with emerging use in technical, environmental, food and feed sectors, pharmacology. Due to increasing market demand, few emerging techniques were proposed besides the usual hot water extraction usually performed under pressurized conditions. For the first time, hydrodynamic cavitation, an emerging and straightforwardly scalable green extraction technique, was applied to the extraction of tannins from chestnut wood waste in water only and at room pressure, without any pretreatment of the raw material. Promising performances were shown based on tests carried out from room temperature up to 100°C. Extraction rates close to 300 mg of tannin per gram of chestnut wood material (dry basis) were observed, as well as high levels of the antioxidant activity of the obtained extract (IC50 about 10 µg of chestnut wood waste, or 2.45 µg of extracted tannin, per mL of solution). Specific energy consumption was less than 80 Wh per mg of tannin extracted from 1 g of chestnut wood material. The proposed technique would be suitable for both small-scale and industrial extraction facilities.
The Impact of Instrumental Group Relations on Response Monitoring of Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Tao Aihua , Ouyang Zhongming , Zhou Chencui , Liu Huijie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aggressive behavior is any behavior in which one individual or group intentionally causes harm to another targeted individual or group. Aggressive behaviors such as school violence, doctor-patient conflicts, and violent crimes, which are increasing year by year, bringing serious economic burdens and strong negative impacts on individuals and the entire society. Performance monitoring is the core function of the human executive system, plays a key role in behavior correction and goal-directed behavior, and is the psychological basis for reducing and intervening aggressive behavior. Effective performance monitoring depends primarily on two factors: threat detection (threat sensitivity) and response inhibition. Instrumental group relationship refers to the relationship between individual resources and group identity and group interests in a resource-competitive society. Instrumental group relations are divided into group identity and intergroup prejudice. Aggressive behavior theories include group identity theory and intergroup bias theory. Instrumental group relationships may have a looser psychological perception threshold for threat and lead to decreased executive functioning. In this study, we designed two experiments to investigate this question. Experiment 1 used the flanker-go/no go task to examine the effect of group identification on performance monitoring of aggressive behavior; Experiment 2 also used the flanker-go/no go task to investigate the effect of intergroup prejudice on performance monitoring of aggressive behavior. The results show that (1) the higher the implicit group identity, the greater the threat sensitivity. The higher the implicit intergroup prejudice, the greater the threat sensitivity. (2) Individuals are more sensitive to aggressive threats than to symbolic threats than to realistic threats. (3) In response inhibition, the higher the implicit identification, the weaker the response inhibition; (4) The ability of response inhibition under aggressive threat is lower than that of symbolic threat and lower than that of realistic threat
More Than Psychometric Properties of The Fear of Covid-19 Scale. The Struggle of The Portuguese Police Officers
Authors: Sousa Bárbara , Corria-Santos Patrícia , Brooke Erika , Costa Patrício , Maia Ângela 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose: The Covid-19 pandemic conveyed consequences for people’s physical and mental health. During the worst pandemic scenarios, police officers were one of the most exposed populations. This situation brought these professionals unusual responsibilities, such as adjust work shifts and allocate police officers from operational and administrative services to the Covid-19 supervision teams and put them at an elevated risk of contracting the virus because they are also frontlineworkers too, and they often did not have personal protective equipment. Due to this, the main objective of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of a Portuguese version of the Fear of Covid-19 among police officers, as well as to know how the fear of Covid-19 relates to the mental health during the worst wave of the Covid-19 pandemic in Portugal.
Methodogy: Participants were 174 police officers aged between 23 and 58 years old (M=40.81; SD=6.83) who completed the Fear of Covid-19 Scale, the Operational Police Stress Questionnaire, and the Posttraumatic Disorder Checklist for DSM-5.
Findings: Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good adjustment fit for the two-factor model. Construct validity was supported, and the internal consistency was good for both periods of assessment. The model proved invariant for both groups (pre and during lockdown) at the measurement, scalar, and structural levels.
Originality: Study findings suggest that the Portuguese Version of FCV-19S is a reliable measure to assess the fear of Covid-19 among police officers, including during the pandemic development.
Metadichol ; An agonist that expresses anti-aging gene Klotho in various cell lines
Authors: Raghavan Palayakotai R 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Klotho is a well-known tumor suppressor hormone that exhibits anti-cancer and anti-aging properties. Klotho levels are low or non-existent in cancer patients. Klotho protein levels decrease with aging; maintaining consistent levels may prevent disease and promote healthier aging. Metadichol is a nano emulsion of long-chain alcohols C26, C28, and C30, of which C-28 constitutes over 85%. Any small molecule that can elevate Klotho can, in principle, help reverse many diseases in which Klotho levels are low. Previously, we showed that treatment of the pancreatic cancer cell lines PANC1, MIA-PACA, and COLO-205, combined with Metadichol, a lipid emulsion consisting of long-chain alcohols at 1-100 pg/mL concentrations, resulted in a 4- to 10-fold increase in Klotho expression as determined by qRT-PCR, This study aimed to demonstrate that Metadichol promotes Klotho expression in a wide variety of cell lines, such as primary cancer, stem, and somatic cell lines. Cells were treated with various concentrations of Metadichol ranging from 1 pg to 1 µg. Three to fifteen fold increase in Klotho expression was observed compared with baseline, as measured by qRT-PCR and qualified by western blot analysis. Metadichol is a natural agonist of Klotho expression and is non-toxic at levels up to 5000 mg/kg in rats. and has a potential therapeutic role in cancer and reversing aging.
Making AMDUCA Work in Your Practice
Authors: Rhoda David 
Published: February 2023

The Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA), which established conditions for legal extra-label use of approved drugs by licensed veterinarians, took effect December 9, 1996.
The act recognized that veterinarians need to use drugs in an extra-label fashion to alleviate pain and suffering. It contains sufficient safeguards to protect public health and food safety.
In December 1997 the Wisconsin Veterinary Medical Association (WVMA) executive board established a task force of 6 dairy practitioners, a University of Wisconsin veterinary clinician and pharmacist, 2 veterinary office practice managers, the WVMA office staff and the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) staff person responsible for AMDUCA. The task force studied the act and gathered available information that would be needed by practitioners to comply.
The focus of the task force was the adult dairy cow. While AMDUCA affects all species, concentrating on 1 species was more manageable. Dairy was chosen because of public health concerns about milk and dairy beef residues.
Goals of the task force were:• gather available scientific information in 1 stand-alone report• organize withdrawal times on drug applications• develop prototypes of record systems• distribute the AMDUCA report to all dairy practitioners.
Veterinary Antimicrobial Decision System
Authors: Apley Michael D. , Fajt Virginia R. 
Published: February 2023

Information on reasonable antimicrobial regimen design, particularly for extra-label use, is not currently available in a single easily-accessible source. Sources of information are scattered and may be difficult for the practitioner to locate in a timely manner. Even if the data are located, the interpretation may not be evident to the practitioner, particularly interpretation of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data.
The need for a system designed for the food animal veterinary practitioner is also apparent as the discussion in the public health venue focuses on the appearance of antimicrobial-resistant human pathogens. The correlation between antimicrobial use in food animals and the appearance of resistant pathogens in the human population may not be unequivocally established. However, there is little doubt that antimicrobial use, whether in human or veterinary patients, may affect microbial populations by selecting for resistant organisms. Therefore, a need exists for the prudent use of antimicrobials such that efficacy is maximized while selection for resistant pathogens is minimized. Prudent use also contributes to longevity of the clinical utility of antimicrobials we currently have. These statements are made realizing that we know a lot more about maximizing efficacy than minimizing resistance development.
With these needs in mind, the AABP, along with the Academy of Veterinary Consultants (the first to financially support the effort), the National Cattlemen's Beef Association, the American Association of Swine Practitioners, and the American Veterinary Medical Association have contributed a total of $189,000 as startup money over a 3 year period. Supporting funds started to arrive in March of 1999.
Use of Antimicrobials in Beef Cattle Health Management and Production and the Development of Antimicrobial Resistant Pathogens and their Transfer to Humans Causing Disease Which is Difficult to Treat
Authors: Radostits Otto M. 
Published: February 2023

In food-producing animal health management and production, antimicrobials are used for the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases, and to enhance growth promotion. These uses of antimicrobials represents one of several important health management strategies which contribute to animal health and well-being and to the economical production of wholesome meat and milk products. The control of animal disease also means control of certain infectious diseases which may be transmitted to humans. However, there are some potential human health hazards associated with antimicrobials used in food animals. Residues of drugs may occur in meat and milk and could enter the human food chain and increase the risk of ill-health in persons who consume products from treated animals. Of greater current importance is the potential for the emergence of antimicrobial resistant enteric bacteria which could be transferred to humans resulting in clinical disease which may be difficult to treat.
This paper will review the evidence that the use of antimicrobials in beef cattle health management and production in North America allows the emergence of antimicrobial resistant bacteria, which may be transferred to humans and subsequently cause disease which is difficult to treat because of antimicrobial resistance. Some of the scientific publications and other documents which have examined the various aspects of antimicrobial resistance over the last 30 years will be summarized and their conclusions examined. Some historical aspects are included in an attempt to better the understand the problem. Some references to the use and effects of antimicrobials in health and production management in swine and poultry will be made for comparative purposes.