bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of bio-oils derived from crop digestate treated through conventional and microwave pyrolysis as an alternative route for further waste valorization
Authors: Diaz Perez Nidia , Lindfors Christian , van den Broek Lambertus A. M. , van der Putten Jacinta , Meredith William , Robinson John 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA total of 120,000 tonnes per year of crop waste from contaminated land has been used as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion (AD). This produces only around 20% of biogas from the total crop and results in a large amount of digestate with heavy metal content. This crop digestate was analyzed across a calendar year to identify the variation in composition, and any potential high-value components that could be targeted for recovery. The chemical characterization revealed that approximately 65% of this residual waste is lignocellulosic material (20% hemicellulose, 24% cellulose, 24% lignin) and about 10% is ash, with no observable difference across the seasons. Three different pyrolysis technologies were studied with the same crop digestate as alternative route to maximize the value of this solid residue by transforming this lignocellulosic material into further bio-based products. Slow pyrolysis at operating temperatures between 355 and 530 °C resulted in bio-oil yields of 35–46% wt, fast pyrolysis at 460–560 °C produced 36–40% wt, and microwave pyrolysis using a power input of 500 and 700 W generated 8–27% wt from the digestate. Chemical compounds found in these bio-oils were categorized into seven chemical groups: acids, aldehydes and ketones, alcohols, furans, sugars, phenolics, and others. This analytical study opens other scenarios to explore the upgrading of these pyrolytic bio-oils for green product generation from the same waste.
Graphical Abstract
Existence of classical solutions for a class of nonlinear impulsive evolution partial differential equations
Authors: Cherfaoui Saïda , Georgiev Svetlin Georgiev , Kheloufi Arezki , Mebarki Karima 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the study of a class of impulsive nonlinear evolution partial differential equations. We give new results about existence and multiplicity of global classical solutions. The method used is based on the use of fixed points for the sum of two operators. Our main results will be illustrated by an application to an impulsive Burgers equation.
Visibility and Well-Being in School Environments: Children’s Reflections on the “New Normal” of Teaching and Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fegter Susann , Kost Miriam 
Published: January 2023

Abstract This paper aims to contribute to the theory on school-related well-being by applying a qualitative approach that focuses on children’s experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic and conceptualizes them as an epistemic opportunity to reconstruct aspects of school-related well-being from children’s perspectives. Within the framework of the multinational qualitative study Children’s Understandings of Well-being (CUWB), it conceptualizes well-being as a cultural construct and argues for including children’s voices in the process of knowledge production. By drawing on statements from online interviews with 11- to 14-year-old children from Berlin, Germany in spring 2021 during school lockdown and by using a discourse analytical approach, the paper outlines the findings on visibility as a central feature of well-being in school environments that children make relevant for experiences of agency, security, and self. Visibility in school is constructed as a medium of control that subjects their bodies to norms of the school, exposes the individual to the gaze of others, and provides security in the context of the digital sphere and its temptations. The paper argues to systematically include these reflections and assessments of new digital learning arrangements during the Covid-19 pandemic into theoretical concepts on school-related well-being.
A Comprehensive Review on Ensemble Solar Power Forecasting Algorithms
Authors: Rahimi Negar , Park Sejun , Choi Wonseok , Oh Byoungryul , Kim Sookyung , Cho Young-ho , Ahn Sunghyun , Chong Chulho , Kim Daewon , Jin Cheong , Lee Duehee 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith increasing demand for energy, the penetration of alternative sources such as renewable energy in power grids has increased. Solar energy is one of the most common and well-known sources of energy in existing networks. But because of its non-stationary and non-linear characteristics, it needs to predict solar irradiance to provide more reliable Photovoltaic (PV) plants and manage the power of supply and demand. Although there are various methods to predict the solar irradiance. This paper gives the overview of recent studies with focus on solar irradiance forecasting with ensemble methods which are divided into two main categories: competitive and cooperative ensemble forecasting. In addition, parameter diversity and data diversity are considered as competitive ensemble forecasting and also preprocessing and post-processing are as cooperative ensemble forecasting. All these ensemble forecasting methods are investigated in this study. In the end, the conclusion has been drawn and the recommendations for future studies have been discussed.
Sustainable Husbandry?—A Comparative LCA of Three Lamb Breeding Systems in Turkey
Authors: Geß Andreas , Hazar Kalonya Dalya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The agricultural sector has historically been the forefront economic sector in Turkey and is crucial for the rural sustainability and the pastures that are critical for biodiversity. However, inadequate policies and factors such as climate change and malpractices result in brittle pastures, rural–urban migration, and a declining agricultural sector. Also, pastures have been left without function and appropriated to other land uses such as quarries, energy power plants, and mines. Although the husbandry sector produces significant greenhouse gas emissions, pastures have a significant capacity of CO2 sequestration. In this study, Life cycle assessment (LCA) is applied to quantify the advantages and disadvantages of the transition between extensive and intensive production. The methodology presents a holistic analysis of the several impact categories and amounts of relevant products, services, and resource emissions along their life cycles. In order to assess the environmental effects of the lamb meat production, three sheep breeding systems in Turkey are evaluated. The study aims to promote a sustainable use of natural resources/assets without compromising the quality, competitiveness, or animal welfare and obtain recommendations for the future husbandry systems and rural development in Turkey. As an overall result, it can be stated that the intensification of sheep farming can lead to a decrease of greenhouse gas emissions per kg of meat. However, extensive sheep farming shows less impacts on soil acidification or eutrophication and can even be beneficial for erosion resistance or biodiversity if properly managed.
Design and performance of directional rectification control system in an aircraft with a novel type of wheel-ski landing gear
Authors: Yin Q. , Sun H. , Li T. , Wei X. , Song J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor a hypersonic-speed aircraft with a flat fuselage structure that has narrow space for a traditional wheel-type landing gear retraction, a novel type of wheel-ski landing gear is designed, which is different from traditional landing gears in force distribution and actuation methods. In order to capture the direction control performance of an aircraft with the wheel-ski landing gear, the aircraft ground taxiing nonlinear dynamic mathematical model is built based on a certain type of aircraft data. The experiment of the wheel-ski landing gear actuator and the differential brake control system is carried out to verify that the electric wheel-ski actuator model with the pressure sensor is in good agreement with the test results, indicating the model validity and the speediness of the differential brake response. Then a new fuzzy combined direction rectifying control law is designed based on the optimisation method and the fuzzy control theory. Comparing with the PD wheel-ski differential brake control, the direction rectifying efficiencies increase higher than 140% during the whole taxiing process. In addition, the combined control law can also decrease the overshoots of the yaw angle responses effectively. Finally, the stability and robustness of the designed combined direction control law are verified under various working conditions.
Invariant Galton–Watson trees: metric properties and attraction with respect to generalized dynamical pruning
Authors: Kovchegov Yevgeniy , Xu Guochen , Zaliapin Ilya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe invariant Galton–Watson (IGW) tree measures are a one-parameter family of critical Galton–Watson measures invariant with respect to a large class of tree reduction operations. Such operations include the generalized dynamical pruning (also known as hereditary reduction in a real tree setting) that eliminates descendant subtrees according to the value of an arbitrary subtree function that is monotone nondecreasing with respect to an isometry-induced partial tree order. We show that, under a mild regularity condition, the IGW measures are attractors of arbitrary critical Galton–Watson measures with respect to the generalized dynamical pruning. We also derive the distributions of height, length, and size of the IGW trees.
Supplementation of hydrogenated fat-embedded calcium gluconate improves milk fat content and yield in multiparous Holstein dairy cattle
Authors: Seymour Dave J. , Winia Pieter A. , Uittenbogaard Gera , Carson Michelle , Doelman John 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis research communication reports the responses to supplementing dairy cattle with a hydrogenated fat-embedded calcium gluconate feed additive. The role of hindgut health in ruminant performance and wellbeing is an area of growing interest. Various prebiotic compounds have been used to promote lower gut health in various non-ruminant species. Calcium gluconate, a prebiotic compound, has previously been observed to increase milk fat yield when fed to ruminants in a form capable of resisting fermentation in the rumen, though the mechanism(s) behind this response remain unclear. The objective of this study was to compare the responses of lactating cattle to two different supplementation levels of a hydrogenated fat-embedded calcium gluconate (HFCG) product to evaluate a potential linear dose response. Forty-six lactating Holstein dairy cattle were used in a 3 × 3 replicated Latin square design with 28 d periods to evaluate a previously used dose of HFCG (approximately 16 g/d) with both a negative control and a dose of 25 g/d. Supplementation of multiparous animals with 16 g/d HFCG significantly (P < 0.05) increased milk fat yield and content relative to the negative control, and subsequently improved gross feed efficiency (P < 0.05); additionally, the presence of a potential non-linear dose response was observed for these parameters. Responses when supplemented with 25 g/d HFCG did not differ from the negative control. No production responses were observed in primiparous animals. The mode of action of HFCG, in addition to the potential differential response in primiparous animals remains unclear and warrants further investigation.
Does Main Street Benefit from What Benefits Wall Street?
Authors: Flynn Sean J. , Ghent Andra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractYes. We show that aggregate stock returns predict aggregate U.S. employment, despite the industrial composition of publicly traded firms differing markedly from that of all firms, and the representativeness of public firms declining over time. We also show that appropriately reweighted stock returns predict industry and local labor market outcomes. We find the strongest evidence of an alignment of interests between shareholders and workers in the manufacturing sector, despite its declining labor share of output. Our findings suggest that at quarterly frequencies, product demand shocks are more important drivers of industry- and city-level stock returns than technology shocks.
How to use natural history collections to resurrect information on historical parasite abundances
Authors: Wood C. L. , Leslie K. L. , Claar D. , Mastick N. , Preisser W. , Vanhove M. P.M. , Welicky R. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Many of the most contentious questions that concern the ecology of helminths could be resolved with data on helminth abundance over the past few decades or centuries, but unfortunately these data are rare. A new sub-discipline – the historical ecology of parasitism – is resurrecting long-term data on the abundance of parasites, an advancement facilitated by the use of biological natural history collections. Because the world's museums hold billions of suitable specimens collected over more than a century, these potential parasitological datasets are broad in scope and finely resolved in taxonomic, temporal and spatial dimensions. Here, we set out best practices for the extraction of parasitological information from natural history collections, including how to conceive of a project, how to select specimens, how to engage curators and receive permission for proposed projects, standard operating protocols for dissections and how to manage data. Our hope is that other helminthologists will use this paper as a reference to expand their own research programmes along the dimension of time.
A century of parasitology in fisheries and aquaculture
Authors: Timi J.T. , Buchmann K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFish parasitological research associated with fisheries and aquaculture has expanded remarkably over the past century. The application of parasites as biological tags has been one of the fields in which fish parasitology has generated new insight into fish migration and stock assessments worldwide. It is a well-established discipline whose methodological issues are regularly reviewed and updated. Therefore, no concepts or case-studies will be repeated here; instead, we summarize some of the main recent findings and achievements of this methodology. These include the extension of its use in hosts other than bony fishes; the improvements in the selection of parasite tags; the recognition of the host traits affecting the use of parasite tags; and the increasingly recognized need for integrative, multidisciplinary studies combining parasites with classical methods and modern techniques, such as otolith microchemistry and genetics. Archaeological evidence points to the existence of parasitic problems associated with aquaculture activities more than a thousand years ago. However, the main surge of research within aquaculture parasitology occurred with the impressive development of aquaculture over the past century. Protozoan and metazoan parasites, causing disease in domesticated fish in confined environments, have attracted the interest of parasitologists and, due to their economic importance, funding was made available for basic and applied research. This has resulted in a profusion of basic knowledge about parasite biology, physiology, parasite–host interactions, life cycles and biochemistry. Due to the need for effective control methods, various solutions targeting host–parasite interactions (immune responses and host finding), genetics and pharmacological aspects have been in focus.
A new cryptic species of Echinostoma (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) closely related to Echinostoma paraensei found in Brazil
Authors: Valadão Marisa C. , Alves Philippe V. , López-Hernández Danimar , Assis Jordana C. A. , Coelho Paulo R. S. , Geiger Stefan M. , Pinto Hudson A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEchinostoma paraensei, described in Brazil at the end of the 1960s and used as a biological model for a range of studies, belongs to the ‘revolutum’ complex of Echinostoma comprising species with 37 collar spines. However, molecular data are available only for a few isolates maintained under laboratory conditions, with molecular prospecting based on specimens originating from naturally infected hosts virtually lacking. The present study describes Echinostoma maldonadoi Valadão, Alves & Pinto n. sp., a species cryptically related to E. paraensei found in Brazil. Larval stages (cercariae, metacercariae and rediae) of the new species were found in the physid snail Stenophysa marmorata in the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, the same geographical area where E. paraensei was originally described. Adult parasites obtained experimentally in Meriones unguiculatus were used for morphological (optical microscopy) and molecular [28S, internal transcribed spacer (ITS), nad1 and cox1] characterization. The morphology of larval and adult parasites (most notable the small-sized dorsal spines in the head collar), associated with low (0–0.1%) molecular divergence for 28S gene or ITS region, and only moderate divergence for the mitochondrial cox1 gene (3.83%), might suggest that the newly collected specimens should be assigned to E. paraensei. However, higher genetic divergence (6.16–6.39%) was found in the mitochondrial nad1, revealing that it is a genetically distinct, cryptic lineage. In the most informative phylogenetic reconstruction, based on nad1, E. maldonadoi n. sp. exhibited a strongly supported sister relationship with E. paraensei, which may indicate a very recent speciation event giving rise to these 2 species.
Contrasting the population genetic structure of a specialist (Hexaglandula corynosoma: Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) and a generalist parasite (Southwellina hispida) distributed sympatrically in Mexico
Authors: García-Varela Martín , López-Jiménez Alejandra , González-García Marcelo Tonatiuh , Sereno-Uribe Ana Lucia , Andrade-Gómez Leopoldo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolymorphidae is a monophyletic group of acanthocephalans distributed worldwide. Within this family,Hexaglandula corynosomais a specialist species that uses a single bird species as a definitive host.Southwellina hispidais a generalist species that uses a broad spectrum of definitive hosts to complete its life cycle. In the current research, sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) from mitochondrial DNA were generated from 44 specimens ofH. corynosomaand 76 ofS. hispidadistributed sympatrically in 6 biogeographic provinces of Mexico with the objective of characterizing and comparing the population genetic structure of 2 acanthocephalan species with opposing life strategies. The phylogeographic studies indicated that the populations of both species lacked a phylogeographic structure and exhibited high haplotype diversity, low nucleotide diversity and lowFstvalues among the biogeographic provinces; in combination with negative values on the neutrality test, this suggests that the populations of acanthocephalans are expanding. Paratenic hosts are key for the transmission from intermediate to definitive hosts in the generalist species. However, the inclusion of paratenic hosts does not play a principal role in the population genetic structure ofS. hispidawithin its distribution along the coasts of Mexico.
In vitro and in silico analysis of imatinib analogues as anti-Trypanosoma cruzi drug candidates
Authors: Nesic de Freitas Luca S. F. , da Silva Cristiane França , Intagliata Sebastiano , Amata Emanuele , Salerno Loredana , Soeiro Maria de Nazaré Correia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChagas disease (CD) is a neglected tropical disease caused by the intracellular protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi that remains a serious public health issue affecting more than 6 million people worldwide. The available treatment includes 2 nitro derivatives, benznidazole (BZ) and nifurtimox, that lack in efficacy in the later chronic phase and when administered against the several naturally resistant parasite strains and present several side-effects, demanding new therapeutic options. One strategy is based on repurposing by testing drugs already used for other illness that may share similar targets. In this context, our previous data on imatinib (IMB) and derivatives motivated the screening of 8 new IMB analogues. Our findings showed that all except 1 were active against bloodstream trypomastigotes reaching drug concentration capable of inducing a 50% of parasite lysis (EC50) values < 12 μm after 2 h while BZ was inactive. After 24 h, all derivatives were more potent than BZ, exhibiting EC50 values 1.5–5.5 times lower. Against intracellular forms, 7 out of 8 derivatives presented high activity, with EC50 values ≤ BZ. LS2/89 stood out as one of the most promising, reaching EC90 values of 1.68 and 4.9 μm on intracellular and trypomastigote forms, respectively, with the best selectivity index (>60) towards the proliferative forms. Physicochemical parameters as well as the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity properties were predicted to be acceptable and with good chance of a favourable oral bioavailability. The promising results motivate further studies such as in vivo and combinatory assays aiming to contribute for a novel safer and effective therapy for CD.
In the native speaker’s eye: Online processing of anomalous learner syntax
Authors: Søby Katrine Falcon , Milburn Evelyn Arko , Kristensen Line Burholt , Vulchanov Valentin , Vulchanova Mila 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHow do native speakers process texts with anomalous learner syntax? Second-language learners of Norwegian, and other verb-second (V2) languages, frequently place the verb in third position (e.g., *Adverbial-Subject-Verb), although it is mandatory for the verb in these languages to appear in second position (Adverbial-Verb-Subject). In an eye-tracking study, native Norwegian speakers read sentences with either grammatical V2 or ungrammatical verb-third (V3) word order. Unlike previous eye-tracking studies of ungrammaticality, which have primarily addressed morphosyntactic anomalies, we exclusively manipulate word order with no morphological or semantic changes. We found that native speakers reacted immediately to ungrammatical V3 word order, indicated by increased fixation durations and more regressions out on the subject, and subsequently on the verb. Participants also recovered quickly, already on the following word. The effects of grammaticality were unaffected by the length of the initial adverbial. The study contributes to future models of sentence processing which should be able to accommodate various types of “noisy” input, that is, non-standard variation. Together with new studies of processing of other L2 anomalies in Norwegian, the current findings can help language instructors and students prioritize which aspects of grammar to focus on.