bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy outcomes in patients with familial Mediterranean fever: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hirahara Yuhya , Yamaguchi Midori , Takase-Minegishi Kaoru , Kirino Yohei , Aoki Shigeru , Hirahara Lisa , Obata Soichiro , Kasai Michi , Maeda Ayaka , Tsuchida Naomi , Yoshimi Ryusuke , Horita Nobuyuki , Nakajima Hideaki , Miyagi Etsuko 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
The relationship between FMF and pregnancy outcomes remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify this association.

Methods
Electronic databases—PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and EMBASE—were searched on 20 December 2022, using specific search terms. Case–control, cohort, and randomized clinical trial studies comparing patients with FMF and healthy controls were considered eligible. We excluded systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case series with fewer than five cases, republished articles without new findings on pregnancy outcomes, studies targeting paternal FMF, and those not published in English. The results were summarized in the form of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs, using a random-effects model. This study was registered in the University hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (Japan) as UMIN000049827.

Results
The initial electronic search identified 611 records, of which 9 were included in this meta-analysis (177 735 pregnancies, 1242 with FMF, and 176 493 healthy controls). FMF was significantly associated with increased odds of preterm deliveries (OR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.05–2.67; I2 = 22%) and insignificantly associated with increased odds of fetal growth restriction (OR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.90–2.34; I2 = 0%) and hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.87–1.87; I2 = 0%).

Conclusion
FMF was significantly associated with preterm delivery and insignificantly associated with fetal growth restriction and hypertensive disorders. All of the included studies were observational studies. Treatment characteristics were not fully collected from the articles, and further analysis of treatments for FMF in pregnancy is still warranted.
Racism as a Public Health Issue for Nurses of Color in Clinical and Academic Settings: Ten Nurses Tell Their Stories
Authors: Green Cheryl Ann 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to bring awareness to how racism and discrimination, accompanied by bullying and incivility, negatively impact the health of nurses of color.

BACKGROUND
Racism and discrimination encountered in the daily lives of nurses of color present risk for psychological and physiological damage to their health. Repeated exposure to racism and discrimination leads to cumulative stress that may pose a negative impact on the health status of affected nurses.

METHODS
Phenomenology served as the methodology for this research study. The principal investigator transcribed and coded data from 10 nurse participants.

RESULTS
Data illustrate a pattern of nurses of color experiencing discrimination and racism, with racism being a potential public health issue. Their stories may empower others to make positive, productive decisions and persevere.

CONCLUSION
Long-term exposure to racism and its related potential effects on nurses’ health presents a grave concern for nurses of color.
Evaluation of Sleep Practices and Knowledge in Neonatal Healthcare
Authors: de Groot Eline R. , Ryan Mary-Anne , Sam Chanel , Verschuren Olaf , Alderliesten Thomas , Dudink Jeroen , van den Hoogen Agnes 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Developmental care is designed to optimize early brain maturation by integrating procedures that support a healing environment. Protecting preterm sleep is important in developmental care. However, it is unclear to what extent healthcare professionals are aware of the importance of sleep and how sleep is currently implemented in the day-to-day care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

Purpose:
Identifying the current state of knowledge among healthcare professionals regarding neonatal sleep and how this is transferred to practice.

Methods:
A survey was distributed among Dutch healthcare professionals. Three categories of data were sought, including (1) demographics of respondents; (2) questions relating to sleep practices; and (3) objective knowledge questions relating to sleep physiology and importance of sleep. Data were analyzed using Spearman's rho test and Cramer's V test. Furthermore, frequency tables and qualitative analyses were employed.

Results:
The survey was completed by 427 participants from 34 hospitals in 25 Dutch cities. While healthcare professionals reported sleep to be especially important for neonates admitted in the NICU, low scores were achieved in the area of knowledge of sleep physiology. Most healthcare professionals (91.8%) adapted the timing of elective care procedures to sleep. However, sleep assessments were not based on scientific knowledge. Therefore, the difference between active sleep and wakefulness may often be wrongly assessed. Finally, sleep is rarely discussed between colleagues (27.4% regularly/always) and during rounds (7.5%-14.3% often/always).

Implications:
Knowledge about sleep physiology should be increased through education among neonatal healthcare professionals. Furthermore, sleep should be considered more often during rounds and handovers.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Infected With Conventional Strains and the Alpha Variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Authors: Onishi Hidenori , Yamamura Osamu , Sakamaki Ippei , Fujita Ryousuke , Miyashita Hirofumi , Iwasaki Hiromichi 
Published: August 2023

Background
There is concern that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants may have higher infectivity and virulence than does the original strain. We compared disease severity between patients infected with conventional strains of SARS-CoV-2 and those infected with the alpha variant.

Methods
The study included patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed in Fukui Prefecture between March 12, 2020, and May 12, 2021. They were grouped into 4 phases based on fluctuations in the number of notifications. Data analysis was performed using EZR version 1.41 and BellCurve for Excel version 3.20.

Results
The analysis included 963 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, 346 of whom were infected with the alpha variant. In stratified analyses, patients infected with the alpha variant did not differ significantly from patients infected with conventional strains in terms of disease severity or mortality. Among individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection, risk factors for pneumonia included infection with the alpha variant, older age, and male sex.

Conclusions
Infection with the alpha variant was associated with a higher frequency of pneumonia, but not with increased disease severity or mortality.
Clinical Practice Guidelines: Rehabilitation Interventions for Urgency Urinary Incontinence, Urinary Urgency, and/or Urinary Frequency in Adult Women
Authors: McAuley J. Adrienne , Mahoney Amanda T. , Austin Mary M. 
Published: August 2023

Background/Rationale:
The body of evidence for interventions specific to urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), urinary urgency, and/or urinary frequency is not as readily accessible to consumers or health care providers when compared with stress urinary incontinence. This clinical practice guideline (CPG) is presented to help inform readers of the current evidence for physical therapy intervention of UUI, urinary urgency, and/or urinary frequency, as well as identify the areas in which further research is needed.

Purpose of the CPG:
The aim of this CPG is to provide evidence-based recommendations for rehabilitation interventions of UUI, urinary urgency, or urinary frequency in adult women.

Methodology:
Five electronic databases (OVID Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and ProQuest) were used to search for scientific literature published from January 1, 1995, to June 30, 2017. Critical readers formally assessed the procured articles. The authors collaborated to establish the levels of evidence and create the recommendations.

Results:
Thirty-one articles informed the development of 7 of the recommendations for intervention of UUI, urinary urgency, and/or urinary frequency. Summary tables of the articles that support each of the recommendations are presented. Two additional recommendations for best practice are presented as expert opinion.

Conclusion:
The CPG offers guidance to health care providers and patients for the treatment of urinary urge incontinence, urinary urgency, and urinary frequency. Recommendations, in order of strength of evidence, include behavioral interventions and pelvic floor muscle training (grade A) followed by electrical stimulation (grade B), and then lifestyle modifications (grades B and C).
See the Supplemental Digital Content Video Abstract, available at: http://links.lww.com/JWHPT/A115.
Novel approaches to measure transfusion effectiveness
Authors: Yee Marianne Elaine McPherson , Fasano Ross M. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
This review encompasses different considerations of transfusion effectiveness based upon clinical scenario and transfusion indication. Tissue oxygenation, cerebral metabolic oxygen use, and red blood cell (RBC) survival are important elements of transfusion effectiveness in individuals with acute and chronic transfusion requirements.

Recent findings
Noninvasive measures of tissue and cerebral oxygen extraction include near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and specialized MRI sequences. RBC survival timepoints including 24 h posttransfusion recovery, 50% recovery timepoint, and mean potential lifespan may be accurately measured with biotin-labeling of RBC prior to transfusion. Labeling at different cell surface densities allows survival of multiple RBC populations to be determined.

Summary
Although past trials of optimal transfusion thresholds have focused on Hb as a singular marker for transfusion needs, measures of oxygenation (via NIRS or specialized MRI) and RBC survival (via biotin labeling) provide the opportunity to personalize transfusion decisions to individual patient's acute health needs or chronic transfusion goals.
Challenges with the current United Network for Organ Sharing heart allocation system
Authors: Gong Timothy A. , Hall Shelley A. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
The revised United States heart organ allocation system was launched in October 2018. In this review, we summarize this United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) policy and describe intended and unintended consequences.

Recent findings
Although early studies published after the change suggested postheart transplant survival declined at 6 months and 1 year, recent publications with longer follow-up time have confirmed comparable posttransplant survival in adjusted models and several patient cohorts. Moreover, the new allocation decreased overall waitlist time from 112 to 39 days (P < 0.001). Mean ischemic time increased because of greater distances traveled to acquire donor hearts under broader sharing. Despite the intention to decrease exception requests by expanding the number of priority tiers to provide more granular risk stratification, ∼30% of patients remain waitlisted under exception status. Left-ventricular assist device (LVAD) implants are declining and the number of LVAD patients on the transplant list has decreased dramatically after the allocation system change.

Summary
As the next allocation system is developed, it is imperative to curtail the use of temporary mechanical support as a strategy solely for listing purposes, identify attributes that more clearly stratify the severity of illness, provide greater oversight of exception requests, and address concerns regarding patients with durable LVADs.
New technologies for nephron-sparing surgery in upper urinary tract cancers
Authors: Gallioli Andrea , Basile Giuseppe , Territo Angelo , Breda Alberto 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) is the preferred treatment in patients with low-risk upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Improving both instruments and topical chemotherapy regimens efficacy is crucial to achieve better outcomes. The purpose of this review is to summarize the most recent evidence on technological advances for the conservative management of UTUC with implications on diagnosis and treatment.

Recent findings
Novel diagnostic tools, lasers, and topical chemotherapy systems delivery have been implemented to optimize NSS outcomes for UTUC.

Summary
Photodynamic ureteroscopy has been reported to improve cancer detection rate as compared with conventional imaging or ureteroscopy, especially in case of carcinoma in situ. However, refinements in photosensitizer administration and dedicated instruments are needed. The armamentarium of lasers for UTUC ablation is composed of several devices with peculiar characteristics. Together with Ho:YAG and Tm:YAG lasers, the Thulium Fiber Laser (TFL) is gaining momentum in UTUC ablation. Strengths and weaknesses of each laser must be considered to maximize oncological and safety outcomes. Several novel endocavitary chemotherapy delivery systems have been tested to reduce tumor recurrence and progression after NSS. Administration of gel-based chemotherapeutic agents has been proven to be effective in humans; conversely, drug-eluting ureteral stent systems are still conceptual.
Early Diagnosis of Acute Myocarditis or Dilated Cardiomyopathy in Children Younger Than 2 Years
Authors: Ahmed Yasir , Heidemann Sabrina M. 
Published: August 2023

Objective
Diagnosis of acute myocarditis or dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) on initial presentation is difficult in children younger than 2 years because most present with complaints suggestive of a respiratory infection. The objective of this study is to determine whether signs, symptoms, and diagnostic studies excluding those of heart failure, done routinely in the emergency department could distinguish children younger than 2 years with acute myocarditis or DCM from those with respiratory illnesses.

Methods
Sixty-four infants' charts, 32 cases and 32 controls, were reviewed from January 1, 2009, through December 31, 2020. Controls were matched to cases with respect to age, reason, and time of admission. Signs, symptoms, and blood gases were reviewed.

Results
The median age is 6.5 (0.5–22) months in both groups. Infants presenting with signs of heart failure including murmurs (P = 0.002), prolonged capillary refill (P = 0.024), cool, mottled extremities (P = 0.002), poor perfusion (P = 0.001), or hepatomegaly (P < 0.001) were more likely to be diagnosed with acute myocarditis or DCM when compared with the control group with respiratory disease. Infants with fever (P = 0.017), nasal congestion (P < 0.001), rhinorrhea (P < 0.001), cough (P < 0.001), and wheezing (P < 0.001) were more likely to have a respiratory illness than acute myocarditis or DCM. The presence of a lower pco
2 (30 [14–116] vs 40 [31–59] mm Hg, P < 0.001), lower bicarbonate (16.7 [6.3–23.4] vs 21.7 [16–28.4], P < 0.001), or an oxygen saturation > 95% (P = 0.004) was observed in infants with acute myocarditis or DCM compared with those with respiratory illness. By multivariable analysis, infants with tachycardia in the absence of fever, metabolic acidosis, and an oxygen saturation > 95% were more likely to have acute myocarditis or DCM than those without this disease.

Conclusions
Children younger than 2 years presenting to the emergency department with tachycardia and no fever, metabolic acidosis, and a high oxygen saturation should be investigated for acute myocarditis or DCM.
Predictors of Post-COVID-19 Functional Status Scale in hospitalized patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: dos Santos Tamires Daros , Alves Souza Juliana , Cardoso Dannuey Machado , Berni Viviane Bohrer , Pasqualoto Adriane Schmidt , de Albuquerque Isabella Martins 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
The study aimed to investigate whether peripheral and inspiratory muscle strength and architecture, functional capacity, functional mobility, fatigue and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are predictors of the PCFS scale score in patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome who were hospitalized.

Design
A cross-sectional study included 69 patients (53.3 ± 13.2 years, 36 men) with post-COVID-19 syndrome. The following outcomes were assessed: peripheral (dynamometry) and inspiratory (manovacuometry) muscle strength, muscle architecture (ultrasound), functional capacity (six-minute walk test), functional mobility (Timed Up and Go), fatigue (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy), HRQoL (36-item Short Form Health Survey) and functional status (PCFS scale).

Results
Functional mobility (β = 0.573; P < 0.001), vastus intermedius echogenicity (β = -0.491; P = 0.001), length of stay (β = 0.349; P = 0.007) and female sex (β = 0.415; P = 0.003) influenced the PCFS scale.

Conclusion
Functional mobility, muscle quality of the vastus intermedius, length of stay and female sex influence the PCFS scale score in this population. It is noteworthy that functional mobility is an independent predictor of PCFS scale.
Attachment patterns, self-compassion, and coping strategies in patients with chronic pain
Authors: Nasika Iliana-Nefeli , Wiart Catherine , Bonvarlet Anne-Sophie , Guillaume Jessica , Yavchitz Amélie , Tereno Susana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
In the recent year's literature, attachment insecurity is described as a vulnerability factor among patients with chronic pain, associated with poor pain coping, anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, greater pain intensity, and disability. Self-compassion, on the other hand, is described as a protective factor, associated with lower levels of negative affect, catastrophizing, depression, and anxiety in patients with chronic pain.

Methods:
In this study, we aim to explore the association between attachment, self-compassion quality, and coping strategies, in patients with chronic pain. Thus, 134 eligible patients with chronic pain were recruited at the certified Evaluation and Treatment Pain Center of the A. de Rothschild Foundation in Paris. We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Relationship Scale Questionnaire (RSQ-RC), the Self-Compassion Scale, and the Brief COPE.

Results:
Results supported our principal hypothesis; securely attached participants reported a significantly higher global self-compassion score compared with insecurely attached ones. Secure attachment and higher self-compassion levels were positively correlated with functional coping strategies and negatively correlated with dysfunctional ones.

Discussion:
Attachment patterns may be the basis of someone's ability to be compassionate to himself and to cope adequately with a difficult situation, such as a chronic pain condition. An attachment-informed approach to pain management could offer a better understanding of the complexity of this clinical condition and potentially provide appropriate support for both patients and health professionals, aiming to improve the effectiveness of interventions.
Lower Body Mass Index at Baseline Is Related to Steeper Cognitive Decline in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative Cohort
Authors: Haley Andreana P. , Clark Alexandra L. , Duarte Audrey ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
Midlife obesity is a risk factor for dementia, whereas obesity in older age may be protective of cognition, a phenomenon known as the “obesity paradox.” The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon and the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function over time remain unclear.

Methods
In 1399 adults with and without mild cognitive impairment (median age 73.6 years) from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, we modeled the effects of baseline BMI on within-person trajectories of cognitive decline using Latent Growth Curve Modeling. We also tested if the effects of BMI on cognitive decline are global or specific to memory, executive function, or language.

Results
Higher baseline BMI was associated with better memory (β
BMI = 0.06, p < .05) and worse executive function (β
BMI = −0.05, p < .05) and not associated with language. Independent of baseline diagnosis, higher baseline BMI was associated with slower rate of decline in executive function, memory, and language (β
BMI = 0.13, 0.12, and 0.12, respectively; p < .01). Higher BMI was not associated with the intercept (β
BMI = 0.04, p = .059) or change (β
BMI = 0.04, p = .415) in a global cognitive factor.

Conclusions
We found that higher baseline BMI was associated with slower cognitive decline in participants with and without mild cognitive impairment diagnosis. Higher BMI in this context seems to be protective of cognitive function for people at risk for dementia. Our findings also support domain-specific effects of obesity on various cognitive functions rather than a final common pathway.
Gut microbiome and its clinical implications: exploring the key players in human health
Authors: Koneru Sindhuja , Thiruvadi Varshini , Ramesh Mayur 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
The human gut harbors a diverse community of microorganisms known as the gut microbiota. Extensive research in recent years has shed light on the profound influence of the gut microbiome on human health and disease. This review aims to explore the role of the gut microbiome in various clinical conditions and highlight the emerging therapeutic potential of targeting the gut microbiota for disease management.

Recent findings
Knowledge of the influence of gut microbiota on human physiology led to the development of various therapeutic possibilities such as fecal microbiota transplant (FMT), phage therapy, prebiotics, and probiotics. Recently, the U.S. FDA approved two FMT products for the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection with ongoing research for the treatment of various disease conditions.

Summary
Advancement in the knowledge of the association between gut microbiota and various disease processes has paved the way for novel therapeutics.
Resistance in Enteric Shigella and nontyphoidal Salmonella: emerging concepts
Authors: Yang Chaojie , Xiang Ying , Qiu Shaofu 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
The emergence of globally resistant enteric Shigella and nontyphoidal Salmonella strains (NTS) has limited the selection of effective drugs, which has become a major challenge for the treatment of infections. The purpose of this review is to provide the current opinion on the antimicrobial-resistant enteric Shigella and nontyphoidal Salmonella.

Recent findings
Enteric Shigella and NTS are resistant to almost all classes of antimicrobials in recent years. Those with co-resistance to ciprofloxacin, azithromycin and ceftriaxone, the first-line antibiotics for the treatment of infectious diarrhoea have emerged worldwide. Some of them have caused interregional and international spread by travel, trade, MSM, and polluted water sources. Several strains have even developed resistance to colistin, the last-resort antibiotic used for treatment of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections.

Summary
The drug resistance of enteric Shigella and NTS is largely driven by the use of antibiotics and horizontal gene transfer of mobile genetic elements. These two species show various drug resistance patterns in different regions and serotypes. Hence treatment decisions for Shigella and Salmonella infections need to take into consideration prevalent antimicrobial drug resistance patterns. It is worth noting that the resistance genes such as bla
CTX,
mph, ermB, qnr and mcr, which can cause resistance to ciprofloxacin, cephalosporin, azithromycin and colistin are widespread because of transmission by IncFII, IncI1, IncI2 and IncB/O/K/Z plasmids. Therefore, continuous global monitoring of resistance in Shigella and Salmonella is imperative.