bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Percepções, evidências e prevenção às IST´S entre estudantes de duas escolas de referência em ensino médio no município de Paudalho/PE
Authors: Silva Iasmin Alice da , Pereira Livia Maria Marques , Muniz Fausto José de Araújo , Soares Anísio Francisco 
Published: January 2023

A sexualidade, que é despertada no estágio da puberdade, é um aspecto inerente ao ser humano. A partir desse período, ocorrem mudanças físicas e psicossociais. Desse modo, a ausência de orientações educacionais a respeito dessa fase leva a recorrência da disseminação de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST’s). Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar, por meio de um questionário, o entendimento e a prevalência de IST’s entre os discentes da EREM Confederação do Equador e da EREM Herculano Bandeira, localizadas em Paudalho, PE, a fim de obter informações para elaborar e realizar intervenções educativas. A avaliação constatou que, embora apenas 15,6% dos alunos consideram possuir um nível baixo de conhecimento sobre sexualidade, 34,8% dos alunos consideram não entender a respeito de IST’s e AIDS. Ademais, apesar de 0,5% dos alunos responderem “sim” para a prevalência de ISTs entre o período de 2020 a 2021 e 1,1% responderem “talvez”, 10,3% dos alunos responderam que talvez tenham apresentado sintomas associados a IST’s (alterações nas genitálias: feridas, verrugas, secreção, líquido de cor diferente) e 5,7% responderam realmente ter apresentado essas alterações. Por tanto, apesar da facilidade no acesso à informações a partir do desenvolvimento da internet e das redes sociais, a ignorância acerca de sexualidade e prevenção de IST’s ainda é presente, devido a ausência no controle e na orientação a respeito do viés das informações disseminadas e visualizadas nessas ferramentas sociais.
Effects of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed powder addition during early lactation on performance, milk fatty acid profile, and rumen fermentation parameters of Holstein cows
Authors: Moosavi-Zadeh Erfaneh , Rahimi Amin , Rafiee Hassan , Saberipour Hamidreza , Bahadoran Ramin 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionAromatic and herbal plants usage as feed additives have become a new tendency in dairy cows’ nutrition to enhance animal performance. This experiment was performed to study the effects of supplementing fennel seed powder (FSP) to diets during early lactation on performance, milk fatty acid (FA) profile, and rumen fermentation of Holstein dairy cows.MethodsTwenty-four primiparous Holstein dairy cows (10 ± 3 d in milk, 30 ± 2.1 Kg of milk/d, 610 ± 31 Kg body weight; mean ± SE) were balanced for actual milk yield and calving date (n = 8 per treatment) in a complete randomized design. Animals were allocated randomly to diets containing 0 g/d (0FSP), 25 g/d (25FSP), or 50 g/d (50FSP) FSP, individually top-dressed over the total mixed ration. The experimental period was 45 d consisting of the first 15 d for adaptation and the final 30 d for data collection and sampling.Results and discussionDry matter intake responded quadratically to FSP feeding, and cows fed 25FP treatment had greater DMI than 0FSP treatment. The average ruminal pH value decreased linearly as FSP increased in diets. Ruminal valerate and isovalerate proportion increased linearly as FSP inclusion in diets increased, while acetate proportion decreased and acetate:propionate ratio tended to decrease linearly. Increasing FSP in diets linearly increased serum glucose, globulin, and total protein concentrations. Milk yield increased linearly as FSP inclusion in diets increased, whereas milk composition was unaffected. Increasing FSP in diets linearly increased de novo and mixed FA and decreased preformed FA in milk. Dietary treatments did not affect saturated FA, whereas unsaturated FA, mono and poly unsaturated FA linearly decreased with increasing FSP inclusion in diets. Moreover, the content of C18:0 tended to decrease, and C18:1 cis-9 decreased linearly as FSP inclusion increased. Also, increasing the FSP level in diets decreased linearly non-esterified fatty acids and acetone concentrations in the milk. It could be concluded that FSP addition at 50 g/d could enhance performance of early lactating cows.
A comprehensive insight into the effects of acidification on varied-sized pores in different rank coals
Authors: Jiang Peiwen , Yang Chengtao , Chen Feng , Li Bing , Ren Jiangang , Liu Jianbao , Song Zhimin 
Published: January 2023

Elucidating the evolution law of coal pore structure under acidification is crucial for guiding the practical application of acidizing technology and improving the production of coalbed methane. To comprehensively investigate the influence of acidification on varied-sized pores in different rank coals, in this study, fat coal, meagre coal and anthracite coal were collected and acidified with a mixed solution composed of hydrochloric acid (9 wt%) and hydrofluoric acid (3 wt%). An approach integrating low-pressure CO2 adsorption (LPGA-CO2), low-temperature N2 adsorption (LTGA-N2) and Mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) was adopted to fully characterize the varied-sized pore structure before and after acidification to eliminate the limitations of single method. The results demonstrated that acid treatment improved the pore opening degree and connectivity in coal, but had essentially no effect on the pore shape. After acidification, all the coal samples showed significant increases in the porosity and total pore volume, which was mainly contributed by the numerous newly formed large mesopores and macropores, especially the macropores (with an average contribution rate of 74.59%). Taken as a whole, acid treatment had the largest impact on macropores, followed by mesopores, and the smallest impact on micropores. In addition, the variation trend of total specific surface area (SSA) under acidification was primarily determined by micropores. For the three different rank coals selected in this study, the total SSA of fat coal (PM) was more easily affected by acidification and had the largest percentage increase after acid treatment, followed by anthracite coal (YM), while that of meagre coal (LA) decreased slightly. This difference was driven primarily by the different variation trend of micropore SSA in different rank coals. After acidification, the SSA of ultra-micropores and super-micropores all increased in fat coal (PM) and anthracite coal (YM), whereas for meagre coal (LA), although ultra-micropores SSA increased, super-micropores SSA decreased, which ultimately led to the slight decrease of its micropore SSA. Moreover, the total pore volume increment of coal was closely related to the macropore volume increment under acidification, but not significantly related to the coal maturity,which might indicate that, compared with coal rank, the mineral content in coal might be a more important consideration when measuring the applicability of acidification technology.
Incidence and long-term specific mortality trends of metabolic syndrome in the United States
Authors: Li Weiya , Qiu Xinfan , Ma Huan , Geng Qingshan 
Published: January 2023

PurposeMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is extremely prevalent and related to severe diseases and death. This study aims to investigate the incidence and mortality trends among MetS over the past few decades. The gender and age differences of MetS are also explored.Patients and methodsAdults with MetS were screened in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2014. The mortality data were also acquired. Then we assessed the incidence and mortality trends of MetS in the United States.ResultsOur study included 14171 participants with a mean age of 46.8 ± 19.3 years, of whom 7354 (51.9%) were women. Among them, 4789 participants were subsequently diagnosed with MetS. From 1999 to 2014, the overall trend of MetS incidence increased (from 27.6 to 32.3%; adjusted odds ratios [aOR], 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42-2.05; P-value &lt;0.001, P for trend &lt;0.001). In more detail, the incidence of MetS rose first but subsequently plateaued and declined. Obvious downward trends were observed from 29.6 to 2.7% for all-cause mortality (aOR, 0.12; 95%CI, 0.07-0.21; P-value &lt;0.001, P for trend &lt;0.001) and 4.8 to 0.8% for cardio-cerebrovascular mortality (aOR, 0.17; 95%CI, 0.05-0.61; P-value =0.007, P for trend &lt;0.001). All-cause mortality decreased yearly, whereas cardio-cerebrovascular death increased briefly before declining and stabilizing. Similarly, the temporal mortality trends in MetS patients of different ages and genders had the same results. Specifically, the incidence of MetS was higher in women than in men (adjusted P =0.003; OR, 1.14; 95%CI, 1.05-1.24), but the mortality was significantly lower after an average of 7.7 years of follow-up (all-cause mortality, adjusted P &lt;0.001; hazard ratio [HR], 0.68; 95%CI, 0.57-0.81; cardio-cerebrovascular mortality, adjusted P =0.004; HR, 0.55; 95%CI, 0.37-0.83).ConclusionFrom 1999 to 2014, the incidence of MetS in U.S. adults significantly increased overall, while the mortality rate of MetS had a considerable downward trend. Both trends showed marked gender differences, being more prevalent and at lower risk in women compared with men. It is important to identify the factors that will curb the incidence of MetS and decrease mortality, especially in male patients.
Hybrid model of intensive lifestyle intervention is potentially effective in patients with diabetes & obesity for post-COVID era
Authors: Dhaver Shilton , Al-Badri Marwa , Salah Tareq , Kilroy Cara , Shahar Jacqueline , Johnson Colleen , Votta Jennie , Mitchell Christine , Beaton Joan , Khater Abdelrahman , Kibaa Karim , McCarragher Ryan , Davis Chandra , Hamdy Osama 
Published: January 2023

The Weight Achievement and Intensive Treatment (Why WAIT) program is a 12-week multidisciplinary intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) for patients with diabetes and obesity in real-world clinical practice that has led to long-term weight loss maintenance for up to 10 years. During COVID-19, we reported that a virtual model (VM) of the program was equally effective in reducing body weight and improving glycemic control. Here, we test a newly-introduced hybrid model (HM), to accommodate ongoing restrictions of the pandemic. We evaluated 56 participants: 18 from HM, 16 from VM and 22 from the in-person model (iPM). At 12 weeks, mean change in body weight from baseline for HM was -8.2 ± 5.0 kg; p&lt;0.001. Mean change in A1C for HM was -0.6 ± 0.6%; p=0.002. There were no significant differences in body weight reduction (p=0.7) or A1C reduction (p=0.6) between groups. Blood pressure, lipid profile, and all other parameters showed improvements without significant differences between groups. Overall, HM is as effective as VM and iPM in reducing body weight and A1C after 12 weeks. Given its scalability, HM could be offered to more patients with diabetes and obesity who may benefit from its increased flexibility and enhanced accountability without compromising the multidisciplinary approach for a post-COVID era.
Grifola frondosa may play an anti-obesity role by affecting intestinal microbiota to increase the production of short-chain fatty acids
Authors: Hu Ruxiao 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundGrifola frondosa (G. frondosa) is a fungus with good economic exploitation prospects of food and medicine homologation. This study aims to investigate the effects of G. frondosa powder suspension (GFPS) on the intestinal contents microbiota and the indexes related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism in mice, to provide new ideas for developing G. frondosa weight loss products.MethodsTwenty Kunming mice were randomly divided into control (CC), low-dose GFPS (CL), medium-dose GFPS (CM), and high-dose GFPS (CH) groups. The mice in CL, CM, and CH groups were intragastrically administered with 1.425 g/(kg·d), 2.85 g/(kg·d), and 5.735 g/(kg·d) GFPS, respectively. The mice in CC group were given the same dose of sterile water. After 8 weeks, liver and muscle related oxidative stress and energy metabolism indicators were detected, and the intestinal content microbiota of the mice was detected by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing.ResultsAfter eight weeks of GFPS intervention, all mice lost weight. Compared with the CC group, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in CL, CM, and CH groups were increased, while Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) contents in the liver were decreased. The change trends of LDH and SDH in muscle were consistent with those in the liver. Among the above indexes, the change in CH is the most significant. The Chao1, ACE, Shannon, and Simpson index in CL, CM, and CH groups were increased. In the taxonomic composition, after the intervention with GFPS, the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria such as unclassified Muribaculaceae, Alloprevotella, and unclassified Lachnospiraceae increased. In linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis, the characteristic bacteria in CC, CL, CM, and CH groups showed significant differences. In addition, some characteristic bacteria significantly correlated with related energy metabolism indicators.ConclusionThe preventive effect of G. frondosa on obesity is related to changing the structure of intestinal content microbiota and promoting the growth of SCFAs. While excessive intake of G. frondosa may not be conducive to the antioxidant capacity and energy metabolism.
Clinical and functional analyses of the novel STAR c.558C>A in a patient with classic lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Liu Jie , Dai Hong-Mei , Guang Gao-Peng , Hu Wen-Mu , Jin Ping 
Published: January 2023

Objective: Congenital lipid adrenal hyperplasia (LCAH) is the most serious type of congenital adrenal hyperplasia and is caused by steroid-based acute regulatory (STAR) protein mutations. Herein, we report compound heterozygous mutations c.558C&gt;A (p.S186 R) and c.772C&gt;T (p.Q258*) in a newborn 46 XY patient diagnosed with classic LCAH and explore their clinical and functional characteristics.Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from LCAH patient and their families. The pathogenic variant identified by whole-exome sequencing was further confirmed by Sanger sequencing and pedigree verification. The functional consequence and ability to convert cholesterol into progesterone of the identified STAR Q258* and S186 R mutations were analyzed by cell transfection and in vitro assays.Results: The proband was presented with severe glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid deficiency, high adrenocorticotropic hormone, and enlarged adrenals. Heterozygous mutations p. S186 R and p. Q258* in the STAR gene were identified in the patient, and her parents were carriers, which is consistent with an autosomal recessive disorder. The STAR p. Q258* mutation has been reported and generates a truncated protein. The p. S186 R mutation is a novel variant that disrupts STAR. The residual STAR activities of p. S186R, p. Q258*, and p. S186R/p.Q258* were 13.9%, 7.3%, and 11.2%, respectively, of the wild-type, proving the main negative effects of the mutant proteins.Conclusion: Our findings reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying LCAH pathogenesis, further expanding the genotype and clinical spectrum of LCAH.
Neonatal NET-Inhibitory Factor improves survival in the cecal ligation and puncture model of polymicrobial sepsis by inhibiting neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: de Araujo Claudia V. , Denorme Frederik , Stephens W. Zac , Li Qing , Cody Mark J. , Crandell Jacob L. , Petrey Aaron C. , Queisser Kimberly A. , Rustad John L. , Fulcher James M. , Evangelista Judah L. , Kay Michael S. , Schiffman Joshua D. , Campbell Robert A. , Yost Christian C. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) clear pathogens but may contribute Q8 pathogenically to host inflammatory tissue damage during sepsis. Innovative therapeutic agents targeting NET formation and their potentially harmful collateral effects remain understudied.MethodsWe investigated a novel therapeutic agent, neonatal NET-Inhibitory Factor (nNIF), in a mouse model of experimental sepsis – cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). We administered 2 doses of nNIF (1 mg/ kg) or its scrambled peptide control intravenously 4 and 10 hours after CLP treatment and assessed survival, peritoneal fluid and plasma NET formation using the MPO-DNA ELISA, aerobic bacterial colony forming units (CFU) using serial dilution and culture, peritoneal fluid and stool microbiomes using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and inflammatory cytokine levels using a multiplexed cytokine array. Meropenem (25 mg/kg) treatment served as a clinically relevant treatment for infection.ResultsWe observed increased 6-day survival rates in nNIF (73%) and meropenem (80%) treated mice compared to controls (0%). nNIF decreased NET formation compared to controls, while meropenem did not impact NET formation. nNIF treatment led to increased peritoneal fluid and plasma bacterial CFUs consistent with loss of NET-mediated extracellular microbial killing, while nNIF treatment alone did not alter the peritoneal fluid and stool microbiomes compared to vehicle-treated CLP mice. nNIF treatment also decreased peritoneal TNF-a inflammatory cytokine levels compared to scrambled peptide control. Furthermore, adjunctive nNIF increased survival in a model of sub-optimal meropenem treatment (90% v 40%) in CLP-treated mice.DiscussionThus, our data demonstrate that nNIF inhibits NET formation in a translationally relevant mouse model of sepsis, improves survival when given as monotherapy or as an adjuvant with antibiotics, and may play an important protective role in sepsis.
Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and effects of surgery: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Kong Weili , Zang Yi 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) may cause Alzheimer’s disease (AD), t-tau, p-tau, Aβ42, and Aβ40 are important elements in the process of AD, and changes in the levels of these biomarkers may affect the cognitive functioning of patients. Our objective was to investigate whether uvulopalatopharyngoplasty could reduce the plasma levels of AD biomarkers in OSAHS patients and the potential correlations of AD biomarkers with cognitive impairment and sleepiness, and explore the independent influencing factors of cognitive function.MethodsAlzheimer’s disease biomarkers were measured in the plasma of 35 patients with severe OSAHS requiring surgical treatment and 16 healthy controls without OSAHS. The cognitive function and sleepiness of OSAHS patients was also evaluated. The case group was given uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and followed at the postoperative sixth month, the follow-up cases were 27, and plasma AD biomarker levels, cognitive function, and sleepiness were re-evaluated. The preoperative and postoperative AD biomarker levels OSAHS patients were compared with each other and those of the control group. Linear stepwise regression and lasso regression were used to explore the relationships of AD biomarkers with cognitive impairment and sleepiness.ResultsSignificantly higher Aβ40, t-tau, p-tau in plasma were observed preoperatively in OSAHS patients comparing to controls (29.24 ± 32.52 vs. 13.18 ± 10.78, p = 0.049; 11.88 ± 7.05 vs. 7.64 ± 4.17, p = 0.037; 26.31 ± 14.41 vs. 17.34 ± 9.12, p = 0.027). The sixth month of postoperation, the plasma AD biomarkers (Aβ42, Aβ40, t-tau, p-tau) in plasma levels decreased significantly (0.23 ± 0.17 vs. 0.20 ± 0.16, p = 0.0001; 29.24 ± 32.52 vs. 23.52 ± 24.46, p = 0.0046; 11.88 ± 7.05 vs. 8.88 ± 6.21, p = 0.0001;26.31 ± 14.41 vs. 20.43 ± 10.50, p = 0.0001). A comparison of MMSE and ESS scores from before to after surgery revealed obvious differences (27.14 ± 1.65 vs. 29.07 ± 1.78, p = 0.0001; 11.91 ± 4.84 vs. 5.89 ± 2.83, p = 0.0001). Changes in cognitive function and sleepiness scores from before to after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty were significantly correlated with AD biomarkers. Body mass index and t-tau were potential influencing factors cognitive function.ConclusionObstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome can increase plasma AD biomarkers levels. Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty can improve patients’ cognition and sleepiness, and the mechanism may be related to changes in plasma AD biomarkers. Higher AHI and higher t-tau level were identified as independent risk factors for cognitive decline.
Integration of amyloid-β oligomerization tendency as a plasma biomarker in Alzheimer's disease diagnosis
Authors: Pyun Jung-Min , Youn Young Chul , Park Young Ho , Kim SangYun 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThere has been significant development in blood-based biomarkers targeting amyloidopathy of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the guidelines for integrating such biomarkers into AD diagnosis are still inadequate. Multimer Detection System-Oligomeric Amyloid-β (MDS-OAβ) as a plasma biomarker detecting oligomerization tendency is available in the clinical practice.Main textWe suggest how to interpret the results of plasma biomarker for amyloidopathy using MDS-OAβ with neuropsychological test, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and amyloid PET for AD diagnosis. Combination of each test result differentiates various stages of AD, other neurodegenerative diseases, or cognitive impairment due to the causes other than neurodegeneration.DiscussionA systematic interpretation strategy could support accurate diagnosis and staging of AD. Moreover, comprehensive use of biomarkers that target amyloidopathy such as amyloid PET on brain amyloid plaque and MDS-OAβ on amyloid-β oligomerization tendency can complement to gain advanced insights on amyloid-β dynamics in AD.