bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination feeding on the growth of Saline Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Arisa I I , Miftahuddin  , Dewiyanti I 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The combination of commercial feed and fermented bran is an alternative to reduce production costs from aquaculture activities. The purpose of this study was to analyze the growth and survival of tilapia by reducing the frequency of feeding commercially replaced with fermented bran. This research was conducted from January 2022 to February 2022 at the Ujung Batee Brackish Water Cultivation Center, Mesjid Raya, Aceh Besar. This research method used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and three repetitions, namely treatment A (5% commercial feed without fermented bran), treatment B (4% commercial feed and 1% fermented bran), treatment C (3% commercial feed and 2% fermented bran), treatment D (2% commercial feed and 3% fermented bran), treatment E (1% commercial feed and 4% fermented bran). Based on the results of research that has been analyzed by ANOVA test shows that the combination of commercial feed and fermented bran to fish has an effect on growth, but does not affect the survival rate of fish.
Ecological conditions and coral recovery in Jaboi waters, Weh Island Sabang Indonesia.
Authors: Afkar  , Barus T A , John A H , Sarong M A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Coral reefs are vulnerable ecosystems that can change over time due to natural factors. Bleaching is one of the natural phenomena that has an impact on coral ecosystems in Jaboi area of Weh Island, Sabang City, Indonesia. Therefore, the aim of the study is to measure the coral ecological conditions and recovery which includes coral cover, coral diversity, and recruitment in the waters of Jaboi, Weh Island. Benthic data collection used the Point Intercept Transect method, while coral recruitment data collection used the Belt Transect method. The level of diversity was measured based on an index from Shannon Wiener, then the coral recovery was calculated based on the percentage of coral cover and the number of juvenile corals. The result showed that the coral cover and diversity in Jaboi waters were in a moderate condition, with a cover score of 40% and the diversity of H = 1.4294. The coral recovery in Jaboi waters for the last nine years has decreased, so the potential to restore natural ecosystems is very low. This also showed by the juvenile corals which have a very low density (0.04 colonies/m2).
Simulation on coastline change impacted by a groyne as shore protection
Authors: Yuni S M , Halfiani V , Maufiza O 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The existence of groynes can affect the morphology of seashore. Groynes are structures that are mainly built to prevent erosion and enable sediment transport forming accretion on the shore. In the long term, erosion and sediment transport will cause a change in coastline. This paper aims to observe how the coastline will change due to the installment of a groyne on the shore. The coastline curves were simulated by using mathematical modeling. The coastline change equation which was derived from the continuity equation was solved by using the Laplace transform. The results indicate that erosion takes place on the downdrift side of the groyne while accretion takes place on the updrift side. The magnitudes of erosion and accretion increase over time. The increase rates was observed by applying variation to the value of the parameter such as breaking wave speed.
Painted terrapin (Batagur borneoensis) characteristics and existence in mangrove ecosystems on Pusung Cium Island, Aceh Tamiang Regency
Authors: Ulfah M , Maharani M , Dewiyanti I , Rahimi S A E , Damora A , Zahra A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Painted terrapin (Batagur borneoensis) is one of the animals whose status is almost extinct and is included in the list of protected animals based on PP No. 7 of 1999. Based on data from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the Painted Terrapin is ranked 25th out of 327 species in the world that are included in the rare category. The purpose of this study was to determine the number and characteristics of nests and the number of eggs of painted terrapin (Batagur borneoensis) in Aceh Tamiang. This research was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 on Pusung Cium Island, Seruway District, Aceh Tamiang Regency. determination of the sampling location using a purposive sampling method at 2 observation stations. Painted terrapin nests are found only at station 1. Nests were found in November 9 pieces, December 7 pieces, and January 6 pieces, for a total of 22 nests for 3 months. The number of eggs produced per hole is 11–27 eggs. Painted terrapin eggs are produced in November with 0 eggs, December with 11 eggs, and January with 97 eggs, for a total of 107 eggs for 3 months.
Organophosphate pesticide residues in surface water and bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr.) in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra
Authors: Syawal M S , Ibrahim A , Yustiawati  , Nasution S H , Taufik I , Saraswati M , Ardiwinata A N 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Organophosphate pesticide is a pesticide derivate that is used widely by farmers because it has a high killing power against insects and easily disappears from plants. Organophosphate pesticide residues can accumulate in the environment and also cause acute and chronic poisoning in humans. Singkarak Lake in West Sumatra Province is surrounded by many agricultural and farming areas. One of fisheries resources that can be affected by activities at those areas is Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis). The study aims to determine the levels of organophosphate pesticide residues in Singkarak Lake’s water and Bilih fish. Seven organophosphate pesticide compounds: Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Methidathion, Malathion, Chlorpyrifos, Parathion, and Profenofos were analyzed. In June 2021, surface water and Bilih fish samples were collected from 10 sampling locations in Singkarak Lake. The organophosphate pesticide in the samples was determined using gas chromatography. The results showed that residues were detected in water samples of four locations (Ombilin, Tikalak, Sumani, and Paninggahan), but not in the other six locations (Batu Taba, Sumpur, Guguak Malalo, Saniang Baka, Muaro Pingai, and Tanjung Mutuih) as well as below 1 ppb. Methidathion, Malathion, Chlorpyrifos, and Parathion were detected in lake water at range 2 to 8 ppb. Except for the Bilih fish sample from Ombilin, the majority of the samples contained organophosphate residues. Diazinon, Fenitrothion, Methidathion, Chlorpyrifos, Parathion, and Profenofos were the organophosphate derivate found in the fish samples. Malathion compound was not found. The organophosphate residue concentration in Bilih fish ranged from 2 to 70 ppb.
Investigation of long-term storage of space materials for future constellation missions: study of Braycote® 601 EF lubricant
Authors: Henry T , Holynska M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The long-term storage (LTS) of space materials is becoming more and more critical for the next missions. For instance, for MTG (Meteosat Third Generation) mission, 5-year assemble, integration and testing (AIT) time on ground, up to 17.5-year storage for recurring models plus at least 8.5 years in orbit operation are planned. Hence, a good understanding of materials’ aging properties is desirable to ensure that materials’ specifications are still suitable after LTS, and, eventually, to anticipate the potential non-conformities. For this purpose, the European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) is investigating these problematics thanks to its wide capabilities from aging with environmental, climatic and vacuum chambers up to physico-chemical characterizations by numerous instruments such as microscopes, spectroscopes, thermal, mechanical or electrical analyzers. An overview is presented herein through the study of a fluorinated based grease lubricant named Braycote® 601EF widely used in mechanisms in space sector such as the US space shuttles actuator or the basic end effectors of The European Robotic Arm.
Interaction Study of Energetic Protons and Electrons with the Vacuum Ultra Violet Source used in the Complex Irradiation Facility
Authors: Klein Erik M. , Seefeldt Patric , Sznajder Maciej , Renger Thomas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context: One important factor to be considered for space missions is the radiation environment. It is composed of energetic particles, such as protons, electrons and ions, and electromagnetic radiation, photons ranging from Vacuum Ultra Violet (VUV) to Far Infrared (FIR). Each of these radiation sources have an unique energy spectrum that further depends on the location inside the solar system, e. g. Earth orbits or interplanetary space.
For material qualification and material engineering, individual irradiation is considered and their effects are superimposed. However, effects occurring when two and more radiation types simultaneously are present have barely been investigated yet. Further complexity is added, when additional interactions take place due to laboratory hardware.

Aims: This publication reports on the efforts made to analyse and measure the interaction of a VUV and corpuscular radiation sources. The aim is to quantify the deviations due to interactions and conclude consequences for the simultaneous operation of these radiation sources.

Methods: In order to quantify the effects, the Complex Irradiation Facility (CIF), located at the DLR Bremen has been used. It connects proton and electron accelerators together with VUV and UV light sources to an ultra high vacuum chamber. The corpuscular and VUV radiation sources have been operated simultaneously. The reaction of the operation parameters, such as current measured with Faraday Cups (FC) has been tracked and post-processed.

Results: It has been discovered, that protons considerably interact with the gas mixture used to operate the VUV source. This interaction decreases for higher beam intensities of the corpuscular irradiation. It was found, that this is likely due to protons ionizing gas atoms which are then measured by the FC as current. For electrons, this phenomena was not observed due to their smaller stopping power. The discovery restricts the acceleration factor of the CIF for proton together with VUV irradiation, but does not necessarily limit the range of application of the CIF depending on the requirements of the material and/or qualification test. Energy range of electrons stays unrestricted.
Coatings Made by Atomic Layer Deposition for the Protection of Materials from Atomic Oxygen in Space
Authors: Merisalu Maido , Aab Kaisa , Sammelselg Väino , Kukli Kaupo , Alles Harry , Netšipailo Ivan , Mäeorg Uno , Wessing Johanna , Suliga Agnieszka , Tighe Adrian , Nyman Leo , Pudas Marko , Manninen Emmi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) has been investigated for the possible protection of various materials against atomic oxygen (ATOX) at ESTEC Materials and Electrical Components Laboratory facility. ALD is a conformal coating process, that can be used to apply ultra-thin films of metal oxides on various materials, that may have a sophisticated three-dimensional shape, such as the internal and external components of satellites. The challenge with metal oxides on soft and/or flexible surfaces arises from the brittle nature of these ceramic films if their thickness exceeds 30 nm. Different substrates, including silicon, Printed Circuitry Board (PCB), polyimide, and Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) were coated by ALD with 20 nm thick metal oxide films at 125 °C, then exposed to ATOX and characterized by photographing, reflectance measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The studies showed good performance of protective films prepared by ALD on polymer substrates, which suggests that the nanometer-scale coatings can improve the lifetime of these materials at low Earth orbit, where they are inevitably exposed to ATOX. In contrast, the uncoated substrates suffered near-surface damage after exposure to ATOX, which resulted in microscopic features on their surface that were visible in SEM. Damage caused by ATOX to the uncoated substrates was also visible in photographs and observable in reflectance studies. In the latter case, the changes in the reflectance spectrum were caused by the change of surface morphology and/or chemical and elemental composition due to corrosion by ATOX.
Smart heaters based on flexible electronics for future spacecrafts
Authors: Pozo B , Machón L , Cantero D , Muñoz I 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Thermal control applications deployed in space environments require innovative, lightweight, and flexible systems. This smart heater is designed to adapt the implementation of electronics, heaters, and sensors by using Kapton material as a replacement for the typical rigid substrate (FR4) used in past planetary and scientific missions. To realise the benefits of these new flexible technologies using state-of-the-art materials (Kapton, Copper, and Inconel) for space thermal electronic applications, the smart heater has been designed for vacuum operation from -55 °C to 100 °C and non-operational from -150 °C to 150 °C. In addition, the systems must be able to reach the set point temperature consecutively with an error margin of ±1 °C and read the temperature value with an accuracy of 0.5 °C for the operating temperature range.
Euclid cleanliness and contamination control
Authors: Portaluppi Mauricio , Fontorbes Sandra , Saverino Antonio , Rampini Riccardo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Euclid is a space-based optical/near-infrared survey mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) to investigate the nature of dark energy, dark matter and gravity by observing the geometry of the Universe and the formation of structures over cosmological timescales. It will operate at L2 and it will survey about 36% of the sky on a 6 year mission, all with high image quality and stability. To allow such scientific achievements, an integrated cleanliness and contamination control (CCC) have been put in place covering all phases of Euclid development until end of operations. This document describes the design challenges, the engineering and AIT solutions used to control and to monitor the entire mission life time contamination from organic and particulate sources as well as the in-orbit water ice contamination.
Improvement of Bake-Out Prediction thanks to Realistic Species Separation
Authors: Roussel Jean-François , Lansade David , Faye Delphine , Rioland Guillaume , Perrin Véronique , Brosse Sylvie , Sang David Nguyen Van , Théroude Christophe , Laurent Christopher 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A new approach to material outgassing modelling based on chemical species separation was applied to Bake-Out modelling. The outgassing of the Scotchweld EC-9323-2 epoxy glue was first characterized experimentally, both before and after Bake-Out. Based on the former, the latter was modelled, following the classical approach on the one hand and the new approach on the other hand. The MS-based species separation of this new approach allowed measuring the emitted flux of each species individually, even during the outgassing phase. The evolution of these fluxes all along the outgassing tests, during the five classical 24 h plateaus was successfully modelled by diffusion-limited outgassing laws, while it proved inconsistent with a desorption-limited outgassing. Their modelling by diffusion laws allowed a very consistent modelling of the total mass measurements in TML and CVCMs, with a small number of chemical species of different volatilities. The effect of a preliminary Bake-Out on this outgassing was finally modelled and compared to the experimental characterization of the baked material. The modelling accuracy still remains comparable to that of the traditional modelling based on mathematical species. Yet, the realistic species separation of the new approach allows simpler assumptions on water regain (its first species) than the traditional one, which needs to assess the amount of water contained in each mathematical species. Progress in the new method should come from an improved species separation and a direct characterisation of the water flux.
Detection and characterization of contamination with fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Gouisset E , Rioland G , Bourcier F , Faye D , Walter P , Infante F 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the field of failure analysis and in particular molecular and particulate contamination, being able to detect any trace of contaminants during the integration of an orbital spacecraft is crucial. In this context, fluorescence allows not only to detect but also to discriminate contaminants. We studied the fluorescence response of two epoxy adhesives, typical sources of spacecraft contamination in orbit with a portable broadband hyperspectral instrument (UV-Vis-NIR) developed in collaboration with the CNES and Intraspec Technologies, but also with a commercial spectrofluorometer. These measurements had two objectives, evaluate the performance of our hyperspectral instrument in order to identify prospect of improvement, but as well study the pertinence of fluorescence signature study in the contamination field. The first goal brings out that the hyperspectral instrument is capable of imaging the scene and allows us to extract fluorescence spectra from the image, but it still needs development, especially in term of sensitivity in UV range. The second goal shows promising results. Fluorescence studies with the spectrofluorometer emphasize that fluorescence spectra are specific to the chemical nature of the contaminant, which allows us to clearly discriminate them.
Study of contaminants generated from space materials by impingement of atomic oxygen
Authors: Yamanaka R , Faye D , Kimoto Y , Maillard N 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Collaborative activities are carried on between Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) for many years. These activities are dealing with contamination, space environment, electric device development etc. They are based on “Inter-Agency Agreement between JAXA and CNES concerning the cooperation in the field of space programs” which was concluded in 2010. Recently, one of our collaborative research in the field of contamination has been focused on atomic oxygen (ATOX) induced contamination. The aim of the different tests campaigns was to identify the nature of the contaminants (particulate and/or molecular) generated by ATOX impingement on polymer materials and to characterize their effects on the sensitive surfaces of optical instrument on spacecraft. In a previous work, five commonly used space materials were evaluated and the generation of particulate contamination from Beta cloth by impingement of ATOX was clarified. In the present study, several space materials were selected with different chemical natures among those used outside satellite potentially exposed to ATOX to confirm or to get new information regarding their behaviour. During 2019 and 2020 irradiation campaigns, these materials were irradiated by ATOX (at a representative fluence of 1.0E21 atoms/cm2) and the induced contaminants were collected onto collector plates. Both of the materials and the captured induced contamination were analyzed. This paper presents the compiled results of irradiation campaigns on six materials of interest (Beta cloth, Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer, Ag coated FEP, UPILEX-S 125 μm, RTV-S691, MAP® SCK5N). Perspectives and future test plan between JAXA and CNES are also considered to complete this work.
Generation of 3D quasi-spherical multi-focus arrays and optical rings using orthogonally superimposed dipole antenna arrays
Authors: Xie Zhixiong , Yu Yanzhong , Wu Mingxiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel method to generate a three-dimensional (3D) quasi-spherical focal point with high longitudinal and transverse resolution in a 4Pi focusing system based on the radiation pattern of the orthogonally superimposed dipole antenna. In this paper, we present generated 3D quasi-spherical multi-focus arrays that are controllable and uniformly distributed and optical rings from the radiation patterns of antenna arrays in different configurations. The results showed that the generated focal point is smaller longitudinally (0.31λ) than transversely (0.41λ). This focal point has the smallest volume (∼0.0273λ
3) found. Moreover, it is highly homogeneous and has a small side lobe. The polarization at the center of the focal point is purely circular. The resulting 3D focal fields can be easily tailored by adjusting the modulation parameters of the orthogonally superimposed dipole arrays. Manipulating 3D optical focal fields with pre-defined characteristics of quasi-spherical focal points has a high degree of freedom. Many potential applications exist in arbitrarily oriented particle capture and guidance, micromanipulation, optical capture, and 3D optical data storage.
Rapid microwave synthesis of N and S dual-doped carbon quantum dots for natamycin determination based on fluorescence switch-off assay
Authors: Abdel-Hakim Ali , Belal Fathalla , Hammad Mohamed A , El-Maghrabey Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Green, one-pot, quick, and easily synthesized nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon quantum dots (N,S-CDs) were obtained from cheap and readily available chemicals (sucrose, urea, and thiourea) using a microwave-assisted approach in about 4 min and utilized as a turn-off fluorescent sensor for estimation of natamycin (NAT). First, the effect of N and S doping on the microwave-synthesized CDs’ quantum yield was carefully studied. CDs derived from sucrose alone failed to produce a high quantum yield; then, to increase the quantum yield, doping with heteroatoms was carried out using either urea or thiourea. A slight increase in quantum yield was observed upon using thiourea with sucrose, while an obvious enhancement of quantum yield was obtained when urea was used instead of thiourea. Surprisingly, using a combination of urea and thiourea together results in N,S-CDs with the highest quantum yield (53.5%), uniform and small particle size distribution, and extended stability. The fluorescent signal of N,S-CDs was quenched upon addition of NAT due to inner filter effect and static quenching in a manner that allowed for quantitative determination of NAT over a range of 0.5–10.0 μg ml−1 (LOD = 0.10 μg ml−1). The N,S-CDs were applicable for determination of NAT in aqueous humor, eye drops, different environmental water samples, and bread with excellent performance. The selectivity study indicated excellent selectivity of the prepared N,S-CDs toward NAT with little interference from possibly interfering substances. In-silico toxicological evaluation of NAT was conducted to estimate its long-term toxicity and drug-drug interactions. Finally, the preparation of N,S-CDs, and analytical procedure compliance with the green chemistry principles were confirmed by two greenness assessment tools.