bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ZccE, a P‐type ATPase contributing to biofilm formation and competitiveness in Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Pan Yangyang , Zou Jing , Zhang Keke , Wang Xiping , Ma Qizhao , Mei Liqin , Li Yuqing , Pan Yihuai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMost living organisms require zinc for survival; however, excessive amounts of this trace element can be toxic. Therefore, the frequent fluctuations of salivary zinc, caused by the low physiological level and the frequent introduction of exogenous zinc ions, present a serious challenge for bacteria colonizing the oral cavity. Streptococcus mutans is considered one of the main bacterial pathobiont in dental caries. Here, we verified the role of a P‐type ATPase ZccE as the main zinc‐exporting transporter in S. mutans and delineated the effects of zinc toxification caused by zccE deletion in the physiology of this bacterium. The deletion of the gene zccE severely impaired the ability of S. mutans to grow under high zinc stress conditions. Intracellular metal quantification using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer revealed that the zccE mutant exhibited approximately two times higher zinc accumulation than the wild type when grown in the presence of a subinhibitory zinc concentration. Biofilm formation analysis revealed less single‐strain biofilm formation and competitive weakness in the dual‐species biofilm formed with Streptococcus sanguinis for zccE mutant under high zinc stress. The quantitive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test revealed decreased expressions of gtfB, gtfC, and nlmC in the mutant strain under excessive zinc treatment. Collectively, these findings suggest that ZccE plays an important role in the zinc detoxification of S. mutans and that zinc is a growth‐limiting factor for S. mutans within the dental biofilm.
Immune signatures in cutaneous melanoma correlate with survival independently of immunotherapy treatment
Authors: Johansson Peter A. , Hayward Nicholas K. , Pritchard Antonia L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have fundamentally improved survival from advanced cutaneous melanoma. Significant efforts have been made to understand the ICI response to identify ways to further improve outcomes. One such approach has been to investigate gene expression associated with response to ICI, which has identified various immune‐related mRNA signatures, including a six‐gene IFN‐γ signature (IFN‐γ6), an expanded immune signature (IFN‐γ18), an effector T‐cell gene signature (Teff), and a Teff‐associated and IFN‐γ‐associated gene signature (Teff + IFN‐γ). Given that these signatures appear to reflect expression from T cells and the level of tumour‐infiltrating immune cells has been associated with survival, we hypothesised that the prognostic value of the signatures is not limited to ICI treatment and investigated if they were associated with survival also in patients who never received ICI. The signatures were not present in melanoma cell lines when compared with tumour samples, confirming that the signatures were likely derived from the samples' non‐tumour (immune) components. We acquired expression and survival data from five melanoma cohorts with a wide range of disease stages, treatments and metrics for survival, and correlated the expression signatures with survival. All four signatures were significantly associated (p < .05) with survival in four of five cohorts, with hazard ratios ranging from 0.69 to 0.92. We conclude that these immune signatures' association with survival is not specific to ICI‐treated patients, but present in a number of settings.
Assessing the effect on the public health risk of current and alternative border control of Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis in imported frozen poultry meat in Jordan
Authors: Hantash Tariq , Apenteng Ofosuhene O. , Nauta Maarten , Vigre Håkan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe JFDA applies border control for Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis in frozen poultry products. A QMRA model was developed to evaluate the effectiveness of this system in controlling the risk for consumers.The model consists of three modules; consumer phase, risk estimation, and risk reduction. The model inputs were the occurrence of Salmonella in different types of imported poultry products, the LOD of the Rapid’Salmonella, the number of tested samples of each batch, and the criteria for rejection. The model outputs were public health impact as the Minimum Relative Residual Risk (MRRR) given the batches’ refusal and the percentage of Batches that are Not‐compliant with the Microbiological Criteria (BNMC) of rejection. To estimate the overall MRRR of the border control, the estimated country and product‐specific MRRR were summarized and weighted by the total imports of each product from each country. The current border control based on one sample per batch gives an overall MRRR value of 27%. The alternative scenarios based on three and five samples per batch are 12% and 8%, respectively. Overall, the higher the prevalence and/or concentration of Salmonella in imported products, the more the likelihood that batches will be rejected. For products with up‐to‐date data of occurrence, the estimated BNMC was similar to the observed proportion of rejected batches. The lack of data on the Salmonella concentrations in poultry products from different countries is the major source of the uncertainties in the model. It reduces our opportunities to obtain valid estimates of the absolute risk.
Biospheric values as predictor of climate change risk perception: A multinational investigation
Authors: Martin Christian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractClimate change is one of the big challenges of our time. A better understanding of how individuals form their evaluation of the risk related to climate change seems to be key to win broad support for climate change mitigation efforts. Extant research indicates that biospheric values (BV) are an important antecedent of individuals’ perception of the risk and consequences related to climate change. However, risk perception scholars have only recently started to study how BV relate to individuals’ climate change risk perception (CCRP) and much is still to be learned about this relationship. The present study contributes to this growing literature by studying the BV–CCRP relationship in a multinational context. The results suggest that the BV – CCRP relationship varies in strength between different countries. These differences can be explained in part by societies’ cultural leanings (i.e., individualism vs. collectivism) and societies’ wealth. The present research adds to our understanding of why individuals in different countries perceive climate change related risk differently and how this perception is shaped differently by biospheric values in different countries. In this way, the findings help to build a more nuanced theory of how CCRP are formed. The presented results also have implications for policymakers and NGOs who wish to increase individuals’ engagement with climate change and its consequences in different populations. In particular, the findings suggests that it might be necessary to use different strategies in different societies to achieve a greater awareness of climate change related risks.
A national risk analysis model (NRAM) for the assessment of COVID‐19 epidemic
Authors: Deng Qing , Xiao Xingyu , Zhu Lin , Cao Xue , Liu Kai , Zhang Hui , Huang Lida , Yu Feng , Jiang Huiling , Liu Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 has caused a critical health concern and severe economic crisis worldwide. With multiple variants, the epidemic has triggered waves of mass transmission for nearly 3 years. In order to coordinate epidemic control and economic development, it is important to support decision‐making on precautions or prevention measures based on the risk analysis for different countries. This study proposes a national risk analysis model (NRAM) combining Bayesian network (BN) with other methods. The model is built and applied through three steps. (1) The key factors affecting the epidemic spreading are identified to form the nodes of BN. Then, each node can be assigned state values after data collection and analysis. (2) The model (NRAM) will be built through the determination of the structure and parameters of the network based on some integrated methods. (3) The model will be applied to scenario deduction and sensitivity analysis to support decision‐making in the context of COVID‐19. Through the comparison with other models, NRAM shows better performance in the assessment of spreading risk at different countries. Moreover, the model reveals that the higher education level and stricter government measures can achieve better epidemic prevention and control effects. This study provides a new insight into the prevention and control of COVID‐19 at the national level.
Search and learning in export markets: Evidence from interviews with Colombian exporters
Authors: Domínguez Juan Camilo , Eaton Jonathan , Eslava Marcela , Tybout James 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhy do most new exporters quickly abandon foreign markets after shipping very small amounts? And what are the investments that exporters need to make to succeed in exporting? A large literature uses models and customs records to address these questions. We complement these studies by conducting case study interviews with a small set of Colombian manufacturers of plastic products with limited differentiation. Inter alia, we find that establishing a lasting foreign market presence involves a costly search and learning process, with valuable knowledge coming from initial failures. Our interviews shed light on the specific types of hurdles the exporters face and investments they make to overcome such barriers.
Dermoscopy of cutaneous granulomatous disorders: A study of 107 cases
Authors: Kalantari Yasamin , Peymanfar Amir Abbas , Mahmoudi Hamidreza , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Etesami Ifa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous granulomatous disorders (CGDs) can share some features, but an accurate assessment of various findings and their pattern can be useful in differentiating them. In addition to common dermoscopic findings for CGDs, some peculiar dermoscopic characteristics can be helpful in distinguishing them.ObjectiveHerein, we aimed to evaluate dermoscopic findings in patients with CGDs and determine the dermoscopic criteria that could suggest the type of granulomatous disorder.Material and methodsA total of 107 cases including 75 (70.09%) males and 32 (29.90%) females with an established diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (n = 49), cutaneous sarcoidosis (n = 23), granuloma annulare (GA) (n = 18), and tattoo granuloma (n = 17) confirmed by clinical and pathological studies were included. Based on the previous studies available in the literature, we wrote a checklist containing dermoscopic features of CGDs. Afterward, two dermatologists independently reviewed all dermoscopic images for the presence or absence of each item on the checklist. Descriptive analysis, fisher exact, chi‐square, andt‐test were used. The granulomatous disorders with larger sample sizes were selected for further analysis, including the univariate and conditional multivariate logistic regressions.ResultsThe most prevalent nonvascular findings in all of our CGD patients were white scaling (N = 67%, 62.61%), diffuse or localized orange structureless areas (N = 53%, 49.53%), and diffuse erythema (N = 48%, 44.85%). Furthermore, the most frequent vascular findings in all of our CGD cases were branching and arborizing vessels (N = 30%, 28.03%), linear irregular (N = 30%, 28.03%), and dotted vessels (N = 27%, 25.23%).ConclusionFor differentiating leishmaniasis from sarcoidosis by dermoscopy, white scaling and white scarring areas are more suggestive of cutaneous leishmaniasis, whereas the presence of arborizing vessels would be more in favor of sarcoidosis. When comparing GA to cutaneous leishmaniasis, the latter significantly shows more linear irregular vessels, hairpin vessels, white scaling, and white scarring areas. In the case of differentiating sarcoidosis from GA, the presence of hairpin vessels would be suggestive of sarcoidosis.
Identification of the microRNA alterations in extracellular vesicles derived from human haemorrhoids
Authors: Wang Kaijing , Zhang Yuanyuan , Ma Xiaoxue , Ge Xinyu , Deng Yewei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) play important roles in many pathophysiologies as cell‐to‐cell communication vehicles. However, the features and potential functions of the EVs in haemorrhoids remain unclear. Therefore, we performed microRNA (miRNA) microarray analysis in EVs derived from haemorrhoid tissue to identify the profile of miRNAs in these EVs and predict their potential functions. We obtained typical EVs from both haemorrhoid and control tissues. Microarray analysis identified 447 miRNAs with significant differential expresssion (DE): 245 upregulated and 202 downregulated. The top three upregulated miRNAs in haemorrhoid EVs (Hae‐EVs), namely miR‐6741‐3p, miR‐6834‐3p and miR‐4254, were detected by RT‐qPCR in both Hae‐EVs and haemorrhoid tissues. Interestingly, we found a different expression pattern in the haemorrhoid tissues from that in Hae‐EVs. The potential target genes of these DE‐miRNAs were predicted by the miRWalk and miRDB databases. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of the target genes showed that the DE‐miRNAs contributed mainly to protein kinase activity, transcriptional activity and ubiquitin‐protein function. KEGG search found that the DE‐miRNAs might regulate the MAPK and Ras signalling pathways. These findings revealed, for the first time, the miRNA profiles in Hae‐EVs and provided potential targets and pathways involved in the pathological process.
Serum concentration impacts myosin heavy chain expression but not cellular respiration in human LHCN‐M2 myoblasts undergoing differentiation
Authors: Turner Mark C. , Brett Ryan , Saini Amarjit , Stewart Claire E. , Renshaw Derek 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe human LHCN‐M2 myoblast cell line has the potential to be used to investigate skeletal muscle development and metabolism. Experiments were performed to determine how different concentrations of human serum affect myogenic differentiation and mitochondrial function of LHCN‐M2 cells. LHCN‐M2 myoblasts were differentiated in serum‐free medium, 0.5% or 2% human serum for 5 and 10 days. Myotube formation was assessed by immunofluorescence staining of myosin heavy chain (MHC) and molecularly by mRNA expression of Myogenic differentiation 1 (MYOD1) and Myoregulatory factor 5 (MYF5). Following differentiation, mitochondrial function was assessed to establish the impact of serum concentration on mitochondrial function. Time in differentiation increased mRNA expression of MYOD1 (day 5, 6.58 ± 1.33‐fold; and day 10, 4.28 ± 1.71‐fold) (P = 0.012), while suppressing the expression of MYF5 (day 5, 0.21 ± 0.11‐fold; and day 10, 0.06 ± 0.03‐fold) (P = 0.001), regardless of the serum concentration. Higher serum concentrations increased MHC area (serum free, 11.92 ± 0.85%; 0.5%, 23.10 ± 5.82%; 2%, 43.94 ± 8.92%) (P = 0.001). Absolute basal respiration approached significance (P = 0.06) with significant differences in baseline oxygen consumption rate (P = 0.025) and proton leak (P = 0.006) when differentiated in 2% human serum, but these were not different between conditions when normalised to total protein. Our findings show that increasing concentrations of serum of LHCN‐M2 skeletal muscle cells into multinucleated myotubes, but this does not affect relative mitochondrial function.
Pulmonary diffusing capacity to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide during exercise and in the supine position: a test–retest reliability study
Authors: Madsen Anna Christrup , Thomsen Rie Skovly , Nymand Stine B. , Hartmann Jacob Peter , Rasmussen Iben E. , Mohammad Milan , Skovgaard Lene Theil , Hanel Birgitte , Jønck Simon , Iepsen Ulrik Winning , Chistensen Regitse H. , Mortensen Jann , Berg Ronan M. G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDLCO/NO, the combined single‐breath measurement of the diffusing capacity to carbon monoxide (DLCO) and nitric oxide (DLNO) measured either during exercise or in the resting supine position may be a useful physiological measure of alveolar–capillary reserve. In the present study, we investigated the between‐day test–retest reliability of DLCO/NO‐based metrics. Twenty healthy volunteers (10 males, 10 females; mean age 25 (SD 2) years) were randomized to repeated DLCO/NO measurements during upright rest followed by either exercise (n = 11) or resting in the supine position (n = 9). The measurements were repeated within 7 days. The smallest real difference (SRD), defined as the 95% confidence limit of the standard error of measurement (SEM), the coefficient of variance (CV), and intraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess test–retest reliability. SRD for DLNO was higher during upright rest (5.4 (95% CI: 4.1, 7.5) mmol/(min kPa)) than during exercise (2.7 (95% CI: 2.0, 3.9) mmol/(min kPa)) and in the supine position (3.0 (95% CI: 2.1, 4.8) mmol/(min kPa)). SRD for DLCOc was similar between conditions. CV values for DLNO were slightly lower than for DLCOc both during exercise (1.5 (95% CI: 1.2, 1.7) vs. 3.8 (95% CI: 3.2, 4.3)%) and in the supine position (2.2 (95% CI: 1.8, 2.5) vs. 4.8 (95% CI: 3.8, 5.4)%). DLNO increased by 12.3 (95% CI: 11.1, 13.4) and DLCOc by 3.3 (95% CI: 2.9, 3.7) mmol/(min kPa) from upright rest to exercise. The DLCO/NO technique provides reliable indices of alveolar–capillary reserve, both during exercise and in the supine position.
Concussive Biomechanics in a Women’s Soccer Player: A Validation Clinical Case Report
Authors: Sayre Hallie D. , Bowman Tom G. 
Published: January 2023

A concussed 19-year-old female midfielder on an National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III soccer team reported to the athletic training clinic complaining of a headache that began 4 days previously during a game where she headed several long punts. Despite delayed reporting, the patient returned to full participation without complication 13 days after her injury. The biomechanical data for the impacts she received on the day of injury were much lower than those presented in the literature as causing concussion for male athletes. Therefore, impact magnitude should not be used as an indicator for injury, as smaller, seemingly insignificant impacts can cause concussion.
European fitness landscape for children and adolescents: updated reference values, fitness maps and country rankings based on nearly 8 million test results from 34 countries gathered by the FitBack network
Authors: Ortega Francisco B , Leskošek Bojan , Blagus Rok , Gil-Cosano José J , Mäestu Jarek , Tomkinson Grant R , Ruiz Jonatan R , Mäestu Evelin , Starc Gregor , Milanovic Ivana , Tammelin Tuija H , Sorić Maroje , Scheuer Claude , Carraro Attilio , Kaj Mónika , Csányi Tamás , Sardinha Luis B , Lenoir Matthieu , Emeljanovas Arunas , Mieziene Brigita , Sidossis Labros S , Pihu Maret , Lovecchio Nicola , Konstabel Kenn , Tambalis Konstantinos D , Štefan Lovro , Drenowatz Clemens , Rubín Lukáš , Gontarev Seryozha , Castro-Piñero José , Vanhelst Jérémy , O’Keeffe Brendan , Veiga Oscar L , Gisladottir Thordis , Sandercock Gavin , Misigoj-Durakovic Marjeta , Niessner Claudia , Riso Eva-Maria , Popovic Stevo , Kuu Saima , Chinapaw Mai , Clavel Iván , Labayen Idoia , Dobosz Janusz , Colella Dario , Kriemler Susi , Salaj Sanja , Noriega Maria Jose , Bös Klaus , Sánchez-López Mairena , Lakka Timo A , Tabacchi Garden , Novak Dario , Ahrens Wolfgang , Wedderkopp Niels , Jurak Gregor 
Published: January 2023

Objectives(1) To develop reference values for health-related fitness in European children and adolescents aged 6–18 years that are the foundation for the web-based, open-access and multilanguage fitness platform (FitBack); (2) to provide comparisons across European countries.MethodsThis study builds on a previous large fitness reference study in European youth by (1) widening the age demographic, (2) identifying the most recent and representative country-level data and (3) including national data from existing fitness surveillance and monitoring systems. We used the Assessing Levels of PHysical Activity and fitness at population level (ALPHA) test battery as it comprises tests with the highest test–retest reliability, criterion/construct validity and health-related predictive validity: the 20 m shuttle run (cardiorespiratory fitness); handgrip strength and standing long jump (muscular strength); and body height, body mass, body mass index and waist circumference (anthropometry). Percentile values were obtained using the generalised additive models for location, scale and shape method.ResultsA total of 7 966 693 test results from 34 countries (106 datasets) were used to develop sex-specific and age-specific percentile values. In addition, country-level rankings based on mean percentiles are provided for each fitness test, as well as an overall fitness ranking. Finally, an interactive fitness platform, including individual and group reporting and European fitness maps, is provided and freely available online (www.fitbackeurope.eu).ConclusionThis study discusses the major implications of fitness assessment in youth from health, educational and sport perspectives, and how the FitBack reference values and interactive web-based platform contribute to it. Fitness testing can be conducted in school and/or sport settings, and the interpreted results be integrated in the healthcare systems across Europe.
Einstein vacuum equations with 𝕌(1) symmetry in an elliptic gauge: Local well-posedness and blow-up criterium
Authors: Touati Arthur 
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we are interested in the Einstein vacuum equations on a Lorentzian manifold displaying [Formula: see text] symmetry. We identify some freely prescribable initial data, solve the constraint equations and prove the existence of a unique and local in time solution at the [Formula: see text] level. In addition, we prove a blow-up criterium at the [Formula: see text] level. By doing so, we improve a result of Huneau and Luk in [Einstein equations under polarized [Formula: see text] symmetry in an elliptic gauge, Commun. Math. Phys. 361(3) (2018) 873–949] on a similar system, and our main motivation is to provide a framework adapted to the study of high-frequency solutions to the Einstein vacuum equations done in a forthcoming paper by Huneau and Luk. As a consequence we work in an elliptic gauge, particularly adapted to the handling of high-frequency solutions, which have large high-order norms.
At What Age Should We Stop Colorectal Cancer Screening? When Is Enough, Enough?
Authors: Lieberman David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
There is strong evidence that colorectal cancer screening can reduce both colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. Guidelines recommend screening for individuals age 45 to 75 years, but are less certain about the benefits after age 75 years. Dalmat and colleagues provide evidence that individuals with a prior negative colonoscopy 10 years or more prior to reaching age 76 to 85 years, had a low risk of colorectal cancer, and would be less likely to benefit from further screening. It is important to note that this study population did not include individuals with a family history of colon cancer or a personal history of having high-risk adenomas. These data suggest that a negative colonoscopy can be an effective risk-stratification tool when discussing further screening with elderly patients.
See related article by Dalmat et al., p. 37