bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraspecific variation in species interactions promotes the feasibility of mutualistic assemblages
Authors: Arroyo‐Correa Blanca , Jordano Pedro , Bartomeus Ignasi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPatterns of resource use observed at the species level emerge from the way individuals exploit the range of available resources. Hence, accounting for interindividual differences in resource use, such as pollinator use by plants, is essential to advance our understanding of community assembly and persistence. By using finely resolved data on plant–pollinator interactions, we evaluated how interindividual plant variation in pollinator use scales up to affect community structure and dynamics. All co‐occurring plant species comprised specialists interacting with proper subsets of pollinators that visited generalists, and differences in interaction patterns were driven by among‐individual trait variation. Furthermore, the nested structure and feasibility of plant–pollinator communities were maximised at higher levels of interindividual plant variation in traits and pollinator use. Our study sheds light on how pervasive properties of community structure arise from individual‐level processes and contributes to elucidate the importance of preserving intraspecific variation in traits and resource use within populations.
An attention‐based representation learning model for multiple relational knowledge graph
Authors: Han Zhongming , Chen Fuyu , Zhang Hui , Yang Zhiyu , Liu Wenwen , Shen Zequan , Xiong Haitao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractKnowledge graph embedding models are used to learn low‐dimensional representations of entities and relations in knowledge graphs. In this paper, we propose Multi‐RAttE, an attention‐based learning method for multiple relational knowledge graph embedding representation, which divides the information transfer in the knowledge graph into cross‐relational information transfer and relation‐specific information transfer, and divides the embedding of knowledge graph entities into structural embedding and multi‐relational embedding for joint learning. To objectively analyse the performance of the Multi‐RAttE model, we select two typical datasets and different representative baseline models for experimental evaluation on several tasks such as link prediction, multi‐relation prediction and node classification. The experimental results show that the Multi‐RAttE model improves 8% over the state‐of‐the‐art model Composition‐based Multi‐Relational Graph Convolutional Networks (CompGCN) in terms of Hits@1 metric on the link prediction task on FB15k‐237 dataset; on the multi‐relation prediction task, the accuracy improves by 1.8% and 3.7% in the auc metric and F1 metric, respectively. The experimental results have proved that the Multi‐RAttE model can effectively perform the representation of multiple relations.
Social validity of telepractice in early intervention: Effectiveness of family‐centered practices
Authors: Martínez‐Rico Gabriel , García‐Grau Pau , Cañadas Margarita , González‐García Rómulo J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe present study evaluates the impact of family‐centered practices on families' ratings of social validity of telepractice in 659 Spanish families in early childhood intervention (ECI) services.BackgroundThe integration of telepractice in ECI services has been accelerated by the social and health situation caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Until then, telepractice was a well‐known but scarcely used resource in early intervention. Social validity assessments are critical for telepractice because services are focused on supporting primary caregivers. Social validity, therefore, refers to whether the intervention approach and outcomes match the needs of children and families, allowing for improved planning, implementation, and evaluation of early intervention programs.MethodA survey‐based cross‐sectional study on families' ratings of social validity was carried out. A structural equations model was performed in order to assess the influence of families' ratings of the social validity of telepractice. The model analyzed a mediation through latent variables: family‐centered practices (X), fit of services to family needs (M), and social validity of telepractice (Y).ResultsOur study shows an overall good perception of social validity of telepractice by families. Focusing on family needs and priorities and professionals encouraging families to have an active role completely mediates the relationship between family‐centered practices and family social validity scores. No differences in telepractice modalities were found.Conclusions and ImplicationsA family‐centered approach to telepractice in ECI is needed, not only for greater social validity, but also for improved child and family outcomes, especially when services support real family needs and priorities.
Examining novice language teachers' reflections in an online community of practice
Authors: Urzúa Alfredo , Asención‐Delaney Yuly 
Published: January 2023

AbstractReflective thinking, which constitutes an important goal in language teacher education, can be fostered by participating in online communities of practice. This study explored types of reflective discourse generated by novice Spanish language teachers, and associated themes and categories, as they participated in a weekly blog and a video‐conferencing session. Types focused on descriptive versus critical reflections, while categories comprised teacher‐, learner‐, and context‐oriented themes. Blog posts, comments to posts, and video‐conference transcripts were analyzed using a mixed‐methods approach that included a corpus‐based analysis and a content discourse analysis. The results show that critical, teacher‐oriented reflections predominated in the data. This points to the benefits of engaging novice teachers in an online community of practice in terms of promoting more critical reflections during their initial teacher education, as well as the challenges inherent on expanding the focus of reflections on students' learning.
Inflammatory and differentiation cellular response to calcium silicate cements: An in vitro study
Authors: Alqassab Fadela , Atmeh Amre R. , Aldossary Nada , Alzahrani Nada , Madi Marwa , Omar Omar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimInflammatory‐regenerative cell interaction is believed to mediate hard tissue formation. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between human inflammatory monocytes with human regenerative fibroblasts after exposure to different calcium silicate materials.MethodologyHuman monocytes were cultured on three materials, polystyrene (PS), mineral trioxide aggregates (MTA) and biodentine (BD), in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Half of the monocyte‐conditioned media (MoCM) of each group was used to analyse inflammatory cytokine secretion, namely TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐1RA and IL‐6. The remaining MoCM was used to culture recipient fibroblasts, measuring the cell number (proliferation) and levels of alkaline phosphatase (differentiation) and lactic acid dehydrogenase (cytotoxicity).ResultsIn absence of LPS, MTA was associated with higher secretion of TNF‐α and lower secretion of IL‐1β, while BD triggered higher secretions of both cytokines when both materials were compared to control (PS). When LPS was added, higher levels of all analysed cytokines were observed in the PS and BD groups, whereas for the MTA group, only TNF‐α and IL‐6 were increased. Fibroblasts responded differently to the MoCM from the different groups, revealing significant increases in proliferation and differentiation capacities, particularly when cultured in CM from monocytes exposed to MTA. The morphological evaluation revealed different patterns of fibroblast shape and spread in the different MoCM groups.ConclusionCalcium silicate materials modulate the monocyte inflammatory response, which subsequently induce differential effects on the recipient fibroblasts. MTA appears to promote the secretion of prodifferentiation signals from the monocytes, which are received by fibroblasts, promoting their proliferation and differentiation. The model represents a promising tool to evaluate the interaction of different cells in response to different materials.
Complement‐dependent loss of inhibitory synapses on pyramidal neurons following Toxoplasma gondii infection
Authors: Carrillo Gabriela L. , Su Jianmin , Cawley Mikel L. , Wei Derek , Gill Simran K. , Blader Ira J. , Fox Michael A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii has developed mechanisms to establish a central nervous system infection in virtually all warm‐blooded animals. Acute T. gondii infection can cause neuroinflammation, encephalitis, and seizures. Meanwhile, studies in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents have linked chronic T. gondii infection with altered behavior and increased risk for neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. These observations and associations raise questions about how this parasitic infection may alter neural circuits. We previously demonstrated that T. gondii infection triggers the loss of inhibitory perisomatic synapses, a type of synapse whose dysfunction or loss has been linked to neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. We showed that phagocytic cells (including microglia and infiltrating monocytes) contribute to the loss of these inhibitory synapses. Here, we show that these phagocytic cells specifically ensheath excitatory pyramidal neurons, leading to the preferential loss of perisomatic synapses on these neurons and not those on cortical interneurons. Moreover, we show that infection induces an increased expression of the complement C3 gene, including by populations of these excitatory neurons. Infecting C3‐deficient mice with T. gondii revealed that C3 is required for the loss of perisomatic inhibitory synapses. Interestingly, loss of C1q did not prevent the loss of perisomatic synapses following infection. Together, these findings provide evidence that T. gondii induces changes in excitatory pyramidal neurons that trigger the selective removal of inhibitory perisomatic synapses and provide a role for a nonclassical complement pathway in the remodeling of inhibitory circuits in the infected brain.image
Amaranth cystatin inhibits the growth of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica L.) pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Manzo‐Valencia María Karina , Cervantes‐Juan María Magdalena , Mozqueda‐Cervantes María del Socorro , Olalde‐Portugal Víctor , Arias‐Padró María Dolores , Valdés‐Rodríguez Silvia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHead soft rot is the major disease of broccoli caused by Pseudomonas fluorescens and Pectobacterium carotovorum (formerly Erwinia carotovora). However, in the present work, Pseudomonas sp. was isolated along with Pantoea agglomerans and Serratia liquefaciens, from broccoli heads with disease symptoms. Different phytopathogenic assays confirmed the ability of the isolated Serratia liquefaciens strain to produce soft rot disease in stems and florets of broccoli. This study also investigated the effect of an amaranth cystatin (AhCPI) on the growth of these three bacterial pathogens and on the development of soft rot symptoms in broccoli. AhCPI significantly reduced the severity of head soft rot symptoms caused by Pseudomonas sp., and S. liquefaciens in vitro. Bacterial growth inhibition increased with the increase in AhCPI concentration. In the same way, it was demonstrated that the application of AhCPI (10 or 20 μM) on florets of broccoli with soft rot symptoms significantly reduced the severity of disease caused by S. liquefaciens or Pseudomonas sp. Our results suggest that S. liquefaciens can produce head soft rot in florets of broccoli and AhCPI could be a new sustainable alternative for the control of head soft rot disease in broccoli.
The relationship between chronotype, dispositional mindfulness and suicidal ideation among medical students: mediating role of anxiety, insomnia and social dysfunction
Authors: Nowakowska‐Domagała Katarzyna , Podlecka Marlena , Sadowski Karol , Pietras Tadeusz , Mokros Łukasz 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe aim of the study was to assess whether chronotype and subjective amplitude may predict suicidal ideation independently of mindfulness, and whether anxiety/insomnia and social dysfunction may be mediators of the relationship between chronotype and suicidal thoughts among medical students. The study group comprised 600 students of the medical faculties (191 men and 409 women), with a mean (SD, range) age of 21.94 (1.81, 18–31) years. The participants completed the Chronotype Questionnaire, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ‐28). Two items from GHQ‐28 depression scale were extracted to measure suicidal ideation. The FFMQ score correlated negatively with the suicidal ideation score. The total effect of chronotype was insignificant when controlled for FFMQ. In the case of indirect effects, subjective amplitude score predicted suicidal ideation via both anxiety/insomnia and social dysfunction scores. The FFMQ score predicted suicidal ideation only via the social dysfunction scale. The direct effect of subjective amplitude was insignificant. Our findings indicate that the flexibility (or rigidity) of circadian rhythm may be linked to the intensity of experienced suicidal ideation, but only via anxiety/insomnia and social dysfunction, independently of mindfulness and morningness–eveningness.
ZmSIZ1a and ZmSIZ1b play an indispensable role in resistance against Fusarium ear rot in maize
Authors: Liao Xinyang , Sun Juan , Li Quanquan , Ding Wenyan , Zhao Binbin , Wang Baobao , Zhou Shaoqun , Wang Haiyang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFusarium ear rot (FER) is a destructive fungal disease of maize caused by Fusarium verticillioides. FER resistance is a typical complex quantitative trait controlled by micro‐effect genes, leading to difficulty in identifying the host resistance genes. SIZ1 encodes a SUMO E3 ligase regulating a wide range of plant developmental processes and stress responses. However, the function of ZmSIZ1 remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that ZmSIZ1a and ZmSIZ1b possess SUMO E3 ligase activity, and that the Zmsiz1a/1b double mutant, but not the Zmsiz1a or Zmsiz1b single mutants, exhibits severely impaired resistance to FER. Transcriptome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in plant disease resistance‐related pathways, especially in plant–pathogen interaction, MAPK signalling, and plant hormone signal transduction. Thirty‐five candidate genes were identified in these pathways. Furthermore, the integration of the transcriptome and metabolome data revealed that the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was induced by F. verticillioides infection, and that accumulation of flavone and flavonol was significantly reduced in the Zmsiz1a/1b double mutant. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that ZmSIZ1a and ZmSIZ1b play a redundant, but indispensable role against FER, and provide potential new gene resources for molecular breeding of FER‐resistant maize cultivars.
The R2R3‐MYB‐SG7 transcription factor CaMYB39 orchestrates surface phenylpropanoid metabolism and pathogen resistance in chickpea
Authors: Saxena Samiksha , Pal Lalita , Naik Jogindra , Singh Yeshveer , Verma Praveen Kumar , Chattopadhyay Debasis , Pandey Ashutosh 
Published: January 2023

Summary

Flavonoids are important plant pigments and defense compounds; understanding the transcriptional regulation of flavonoid biosynthesis may enable engineering crops with improved nutrition and stress tolerance. Here, we characterize R2R3‐MYB domain subgroup 7 transcription factor CaMYB39, which regulates flavonol biosynthesis primarily in chickpea trichomes.

CaMYB39 overexpression in chickpea was accompanied by a change in flux availability for the phenylpropanoid pathway, particularly flavonol biosynthesis. Lines overexpressing CaMYB39 showed higher isoflavonoid levels, suggesting its role in regulating isoflavonoid pathway. CaMYB39 transactivates the transcription of early flavonoid biosynthetic genes (EBG). FLAVONOL SYNTHASE2, an EBG, encodes an enzyme with higher substrate specificity for dihydrokaempferol than other dihydroflavonols explaining the preferential accumulation of kaempferol derivatives as prominent flavonols in chickpea.

Interestingly, CaMYB39 overexpression increased trichome density and enhanced the accumulation of diverse flavonol derivatives in trichome‐rich tissues. Moreover, CaMYB39 overexpression reduced reactive oxygen species levels and induced defense gene expression which aids in partially blocking the penetration efficiency of the fungal pathogen, Ascochyta rabiei, resulting in lesser symptoms, thus establishing its role against deadly Ascochyta blight (AB) disease.

Overall, our study reports an instance where R2R3‐MYB‐SG7 member, CaMYB39, besides regulating flavonol biosynthesis, modulates diverse pathways like general phenylpropanoid, isoflavonoid, trichome density, and defense against necrotrophic fungal infection in chickpea.
Effects of non‐invasive vagus nerve stimulation on cognitive and autonomic correlates of perseverative cognition
Authors: De Smet Stefanie , Ottaviani Cristina , Verkuil Bart , Kappen Mitchel , Baeken Chris , Vanderhasselt Marie‐Anne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPerseverative cognitions can provoke psychophysiological stress in the absence of an actual stressor and are considered important transdiagnostic vulnerability factors for several (mental) health issues. These stress‐related cognitive processes are reflected by both cognitive (assessed by self‐reports) and autonomic inflexibility (assessed by heart rate variability; HRV), with a key role attributed to the vagus nerve. Interestingly, modulation of the afferent branches of the vagus can be achieved with transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), a non‐invasive technique that employs a low‐intensity electrical current applied to the ear. In a sample of healthy individuals, we investigated the effects of taVNS of the left concha, compared to sham (earlobe) stimulation, on the cognitive and autonomic correlates of perseverative cognition following a psychosocial stress task. Interestingly, taVNS significantly reduced cognitive rigidity, reflected by reduced subjective perseverative thinking after psychosocial stress. Although there were no direct effects on autonomic correlates of perseverative cognition, individual differences in perseverative thinking after the stressor significantly affected the effects of taVNS on HRV. Specifically, more autonomic inflexibility during the stress task (i.e., reduced HRV) was associated with increases in perseverative thinking afterward for the sham condition, but not the active taVNS condition. Additional exploratory analyses revealed no significant moderation of stimulation intensity. Overall, the study findings endorse the association between perseverative cognitions and vagus nerve functioning.
XFEM Analysis of Strain Rate Dependent Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured 17-4 Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steel
Authors: Kalita B. , Jayaganthan R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAdditively manufactured (AM) specimens of 17-4 precipitation hardening (PH) stainless steel (SS) corresponding to the three-point bend test, compact tension test, and single edge cracks were analyzed using the extended finite element method (XFEM) approach. A two-dimensional and three-dimensional elastic-plastic simulation were conducted using “abaqus 6.14” software based on the experimental results and validated with the simulation results. In XFEM, the partition of unity was used to model a crack in the standard finite element mesh. Based on simulation results, the present study compares the mechanical properties of AM 17-4 PH stainless steel samples with those of wrought 17-4 PH samples. Stress intensity factor and J integral were used to measure fracture toughness of the specimens. The change in fracture toughness with strain rate was evaluated by simulating two-dimensional compact tension specimens. The presence of defects such as pores resulting from entrapped gas, un-melted regions, and powder particles resulting from lack of fusion were the main reasons for lower elongation to failure of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) produced 17-4 PH SS reported in the literature.
Thermodynamic Optimization of Utilization of LiBr + LiCl/H2O Solution Mixture on a Single-Effect Absorption Chiller Driven by Solar Energy
Authors: Aktemur Cenker , Ozturk İlhan Tekin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The interest in absorption chillers for air conditioning applications has increased recently due to the negligible electricity requirement. Especially in Turkey, where the potential of renewable energy sources such as solar energy is high, it is possible to achieve significant energy savings by utilizing absorption chillers. This study presents comprehensive energy and exergy analyses of a solar-driven single-effect absorption chiller with LiBr + LiCl/H2O (mass ratio 2:1) solution mixture. Thermodynamic optimization is carried out for the first time in this study to determine the optimum generator temperature using different absorber and condenser temperatures to maximize exergy efficiency of the absorption chiller. Also, generator temperature ranges for each absorber and condenser level are determined in this study so that the chiller using solution mixture can operate without crystallization. The coefficient of performance, total exergy destruction rate, and exergy efficiency of solar-driven absorption chiller for solar collector area of 194 m2 under a certain optimized operating condition are 0.402, 113.63 kW, and 1.255%, respectively. Thanks to an alternative solution mixture compared to LiBr/H2O, the effective thermodynamic parameters can be improved and become more advantageous. The comparison results demonstrated that the thermodynamic performance of the system not only increased but also the thermal capacities and collector area decreased.
Simplified Calculation of Recess Pressure Considering the Hydrodynamic Effect
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Jiang Sen , Huang Jiuqi , Xiong Wencai , Hu Jingwei , Meng Zhaozhe , Kouediatouka Ange Nsilani , Dong Guangneng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The hydrostatic journal bearing’s recess pressure is to be determined using a novel approach. This method treats the circumferential bearing lands on both sides of recesses as infinitely long bearings, and the axial bearing lands on both sides of recesses as infinitely short bearings. The Newton–Cotes integral formula is used to solve the definite integration. By this simplification, a new analytical expression of recess pressure considering the hydrodynamic effect on bearing land is obtained. The recess pressure versus eccentricity, supply oil pressure, recess wrap angle, and attitude angle solved by the new method is compared with that calculated by the finite difference method and Liang’s method from two kinds of four-recess hydrostatic journal bearing compensated by capillary restrictor. The results indicate that the new process has high accuracy and its precision is not almost affected by the parameters change. Moreover, the new method has low time consumption.