bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stigma and health inequality experienced by ethnic minorities during the COVID-19 pandemic in a Chinese community: an implication to health policymakers
Authors: Siu Judy Yuen-Man , Cao Yuan , Shum David H. K. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionEthnic minorities are considered one of the most vulnerable groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the explanatory pathway of how their disadvantaged experiences during epidemics are related to the embedded and longstanding stigmas against them and how these embedded stigmas can affect their resilience in disease outbreaks are not well understood. This study investigated the experiences of ethnic minorities in the COVID-19 pandemic, and how their experiences were related to the embedded stigma toward them.MethodsThis study adopted a qualitative approach, interviewed 25 individuals (13 women and 12 men) from ethnic minority groups residing in Hong Kong from August 2021 to February 2022 in a semi-structured format. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data.ResultsThe participants were isolated and stereotyped as infectious during the COVID-19 pandemic at community and institutional levels. Their experiences did not occur suddenly during the pandemic but were embedded in the longstanding segregation and negative stereotypes toward ethnic minorities in different aspects of life before the pandemic. These negative stereotypes affected their resilience in living and coping with the pandemic.ConclusionThe participants’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic were mostly disadvantageous and predominantly initiated by the mainstream stigmatization toward them by the local Chinese residents and government. Their disadvantaged experiences in the pandemic should be traced to the embedded social systems, imposing structural disparities for ethnic minorities when accessing social and medical resources during a pandemic. Because of the preexisting stigmatization and social seclusion of ethnic minorities in Hong Kong, the participants experienced health inequality, which stemmed from social inequality and the power differential between them and the Chinese locals. The disadvantaged situation of the participants negatively affected their resilience to the pandemic. To enable ethnic minorities better cope with future epidemics, merely providing assistance to them during an epidemic is barely adequate, but a more supportive and inclusive social system should be established for them in the long run.
Evaluation of the prognostic value of the anatomical characteristics of the bony structures in the shoulder in bursal-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears
Authors: Liu Jun , Dai Simin , Deng Hui , Qiu Dewei , Liu Li , Li Mingzhang , Chen Zhijun , Kang Jiawei , Tao Jun 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundIn recent studies, individual scapular anatomy has been found to be related to degenerative full-thickness rotator cuff tears. However, research on the relationship between the anatomical characteristics of shoulder radiographs and bursal-sided partial-thickness rotator cuff tears (PTRCTs) is limited, and the risk factors for this pathology still need to be determined.MethodsThe bursal-sided PTRCTs group included 102 patients without a history of shoulder trauma who underwent arthroscopy between January 2021 and October 2022. A total of 102 demographically matched outpatients with intact rotator cuffs were selected as the control group. Radiographs were used to measure the lateral acromial angle (LAA), critical shoulder angle (CSA), greater tuberosity angle (GTA), β-angle, acromion index (AI), acromiohumeral distance (AHD), acromial tilt (AT), acromial slope (AS), acromial type, and acromial spur by two independent observers. Multivariate analyses of these data were used to identify potential risk factors for bursal-sided PTRCTs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of CSA, GTA, and AI for this type of pathology.ResultThe β-angle, AHD, AS and acromion type showed no difference between bursal-sided PTRCTs and controls (p = 0.009, 0.200, 0.747 and 0.078, respectively). CSA, GTA and AI were significantly higher in bursal-sided PTRCTs (p &lt; 0.001). LAA, β-angle and AT were significantly lower in bursal-sided PTRCTs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated significant correlations between the acromial spur (p = 0.024), GTA (p = 0.004), CSA (p = 0.003) and AI (p = 0.048) and bursal-sided PTRCTs. The areas under the ROC curves for AI, CSA, and GTA were 0.655 (95% CI 0.580–0.729), 0.714 (95% CI 0.644–0.784), and 0.695 (95% CI 0.622–0.767), respectively.ConclusionAcromial spur, GTA, CSA, and AI were independent risk factors for bursal-sided PTRCTs. Furthermore, CSA was the most powerful predictor of bursal-sided PTRCTs compared to GTA and AI.
An observational study of individual child journeys through autism diagnostic pathways, and associated costs, in the UK National Health Service
Authors: Male Ian , Farr William , Bremner Stephen , Gage Heather , Williams Peter , Gowling Emma , Honey Emma , Gain Aaron , Parr Jeremy 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundDemand for diagnostic assessment in children with possible autism has recently increased significantly. Services are under pressure to deliver timely and high-quality diagnosis, following National Institute and Care Excellence multidisciplinary assessment guidelines. This UK National Health Service study aimed to answer: how many hours of health professional time are required to deliver autism diagnostic assessment, and how much does this cost?.MethodCase notes of 20 children (1–16 yrs.) from 27 NHS trusts, assessed through an autism diagnostic pathway in the previous year, were examined retrospectively. Data included: hours of professional time, diagnostic outcome. Assessment costs calculated using standardised NHS tariffs.Results488 children (aged 21–195 months, mean 82.9 months, SD 39.36) from 22 Child Development Services (CDS), four Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) and one tertiary centre; 87% were either under 5 (36%) or 5 to 11 years (51%). Children seen by CDS were younger than CAMHS (mean (SD) 6.10 (2.72) vs. 10.39 (2.97) years, p &lt; 0.001). Mean days to diagnosis were 375 (SD 235), with large variation (range 41–1553 days). Mean hours of professional time per child was 11.50 (SD 7.03) and varied substantially between services and individuals. Mean cost of assessment was £846.00 (SD 536.31). 339 (70.0%) children received autism diagnosis with or without comorbidity; 54 (11%) received no neurodevelopmental diagnosis; 91 (19%) received alternative neurodevelopmental diagnoses. Children with one or more coexisting conditions took longer to diagnose, and assessment was more costly, on average 117 days longer, costing £180 more than a child with no neurodevelopmental diagnosis. Age did not predict days to diagnosis or assessment costs.ConclusionTypical assessment took 11 h of professional time and over 12-months to complete, costing GB£850 per child. Variation between centres and children reflect differences in practice and complexity of diagnostic presentation. These results give information to those delivering/planning autism assessments using multi-disciplinary team approach, in publicly funded health systems. Planning of future diagnostic services needs to consider growing demand, the need for streamlining, enabling context appropriate services, and child/family complexity.
The association between gut microbiome and hypertension varies according to enterotypes: a Korean study
Authors: Song Ju Sun , Kim Joung Ouk Ryan , Yoon Sung Min , Kwon Min-Jung , Ki Chang-Seok 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionSeveral animal and clinical studies have reported that the state of the human gut microbiome is associated with hypertension. In this study, we investigated the association between the gut microbiome and hypertension in a Korean population from an enterotypic perspective.MethodsA total of 623 participants were enrolled from a healthcare center and classified into four enterotypes, Bacteroides1- (Bac1), Bacteroides2- (Bac2), Prevotella- (Pre), and Ruminococcus enterotype-like-composition (Rum).ResultsWhen comparing the four enterotypes, clinical characteristics related to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and blood pressure were significantly associated with th e enterotypes, showing unfavorable associations with the Bac2 group and the opposite for the Rum group. Similarly, the prevalence of hypertension was highest in the Bac2 group and lowest in the Rum group. When analyzing the association between gut microbiota and blood pressure for each enterotype, gut microbial features of lower diversity, depletion of important short chain fatty acid-producing taxa, such as Faecalibacterium, Blautia, Anaerostipes, and enrichment of lipopolysaccharide -producing taxa, such as Megamonas, were found only in the dysbiotic Bac2 group. DiscussionFrom an enterotype perspective, this study on a large Korean cohort shows that low-diversity Bacteroides2-enterotype-like composition is associated with hypertension, while the reverse is true for high-diversity Ruminococcus-enterotype-like composition and, to a limited degree, Bacteroides1-enterotype-like composition. In addition, we suggest that the effect of gut microbiota-mediated risk of hypertension could be modulated by altering the gut microbiome via diet. Dietary intervention trials promoting a balanced Korean diet instead of a more Western alternative may provide more definitive evidence for the involvement and role of the gut microbiome in relation to blood pressure.
Can contract farming improve farmers’ technical efficiency and income? Evidence from beef cattle farmers in China
Authors: Liang Yuan , Bi Wentai , Zhang Yuejie 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionContract farming is seen as a tool to create new market opportunities that can address market imperfections in many developing countries and thus increase smallholder income.MethodsThis study examines the impact of contract farming on farm household income using survey data from 610 rural households in China. The propensity score matching method addresses the sample selection bias of participation in contract farming.ResultsContract farming can significantly increase farmers’ income, and both marketing contracts and production-management contracts can substantially increase farmers’ income levels, with production-management contracts having a greater degree of impact. Additional analysis reveals that breeding years, farm size, and training time can significantly affect how contract farming enhances farmers’ income. At the same time, contract farming can also considerably improve farmers’ technical efficiency in agricultural production. Participation in contract farming enhances the tendency to centralize the technical efficiency of agricultural production. Further analysis shows that the technical efficiency of agricultural production partially mediates the effects of contract farming on farm household income.DiscussionContract farming can be an effective institutional arrangement for improving the technical efficiency of farm household production and revenue. We also point out that farmers should strengthen their comprehensive ability levels and actively participate in training to acquire new knowledge and improve their cognitive ability. Simultaneously, according to the characteristics of farmers’ resource endowments, small farmers are encouraged to cooperate with companies in depth and develop contractual contracts in a targeted manner. Promote win-win cooperation and benefit-sharing among various business entities to promote the sustainable and high-quality development of China’s beef cattle industry.
Rapid Single-Step Immunochromatographic Assay for Angiostrongylus cantonensis Specific Antigen Detection
Authors: Eamsobhana Praphathip , Tungtrongchitr Anchalee , Wanachiwanawin Darawan , Boonyong Sudarat , Yong Hoi-Sen 
Published: May 2023

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the major etiological nematode parasite causing eosinophilic meningitis and/or eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in humans. The rapid global spread of Angiostrongylus cantonensis and the emerging occurrence of the infection have exposed the shortcomings of traditional/conventional diagnostics. This has spurred efforts to develop faster, simpler and more scalable platforms that can be decentralized for point-of-need laboratory testing. By far, the point-of-care immunoassays such as the lateral flow assay (LFA) are the best-placed. In this work, a LFA in the form of an immunochromatographic test device (designated AcAgQuickDx), based on the detection of a circulating Angiostrongylus cantonensis-derived antigen, was established using anti-31 kDa Angiostrongylus cantonensis antibody as the capture reagent and anti-Angiostrongylus cantonensis polyclonal antibody as the indicator reagent. The AcAgQuickDx was evaluated for its diagnostic potential with a total of 20 cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) and 105 serum samples from patients with angiostrongyliasis and other clinically related parasitic diseases, as well as serum samples from normal healthy subjects. Three of the ten CSF samples from serologically confirmed angiostrongyliasis cases and two of the five suspected cases with negative anti-Angiostrongylus cantonensis antibodies showed a positive AcAgQuickDx reaction. Likewise, the AcAgQuickDx was able to detect Angiostrongylus cantonensis specific antigens in four serum samples of the 27 serologically confirmed angiostrongyliasis cases. No positive reaction by AcAgQuickDx was observed in any of the CSF (n = 5) and serum (n = 43) samples with other parasitic infections, or the normal healthy controls (n = 35). The AcAgQuickDx enabled the rapid detection of active/acute Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection. It is easy to use, can be transported at room temperature and does not require refrigeration for long-term stability over a wide range of climate. It can supplement existing diagnostic tests for neuroangiostrongyliasis under clinical or field environments, particularly in remote and resource-poor areas.
Implementasi E-Media Warung Elektronik UMKM Dalam Pengembangan Proses Bisnis Di Kabupaten Bandung
Authors: Wahab Deden A , Wahdiniwaty Rahma , Zarman Wendi , Putra Yeffry Handoko , Soegoto Herman S 
Published: May 2023

Proses bisnis UMKM dalam realitasnya, banyak memiliki kendala. kendala yang ada tersebut demikian masif melingkupinya. Dari sisi kompetensi sumber daya para pelaku usaha, kendala finansial, pemasaran yang belum optimal, kebijakan yang kurang mendukung, lokasi penjualan yang terbatas, terlebih infrastruktur Teknologi Informasi saat ini yang ada. Demikian pula mengingat kondisi saat ini pula, tidak sedikit produk yang dihasilkan para pelaku di usaha kecil menengah tersebut memiliki kesulitan untuk dapat dipasarkan dengan baik dan sesuai dengan harapan. E-media warung elektronik merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mengembangkan proses bisnis terutama dari sisi pemasaran (marketing) yang sistemnya “menjemput bola” dari produsen ke konsumen. Dalam hal ini e-media sebagai fasilitator salesman otomatis diharapkan dapat membantu memasarkan produk - produk UMKM yang ada tersebut. Oleh karenanya Tim Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Komputer Indonesia Bersama Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan melakukan pendampingan dan pelatihan pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi e-Media Warung Elektronik kepada Para Pelau usaha Mikro Kecil menengah di Kabupaten Bandung
Perancangan Enterprise Architecture Sistem Manajemen Heksa Proses Produksi Menggunakan TOGAF ADM
Authors: Prapenan Galih Gustika , Dwiguna Sumitra Irfan 
Published: May 2023

Penerapan teknologi informasi dalam suatu organisasi menjadi sangat penting. Dengan teknologi informasi membantu organisasi dalam mencapai kesuksesan. Penyelerasan strategi teknologi dengan yang dibutuhkan organisasi dapat diwujudkan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor integrasinya. Dalam mewujudkan keselarasan antara TI dan kegiatan organisasi diperlukan suatu paradigma yang didalamnya terdapat kegiatan untuk merencanakan, merancang dan mengelola sistem informasi yang disebut dengan aristektur enterprise. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk merancang arsitektur enterprise di PT. Heksatex Indah pada bagian proses produksi, dimana dalam proses bisnis nya terdapat beberapa aplikasi sistem informasi yang dipakai akan tetapi memiliki fungsi yang sama dan masih ditemukan proses manual sehingga informasi yang dibutuhkan terbatas atau kurang karena sulitnya integrasinya. Adapun metode pengumpulan data melalui studi literatur, wawancara dan observasi terhadap proses bisnis di perusahaan. Dalam penelitian ini, kerangka kerja yang akan digunakan yaitu kerangka kerja TOGAF ADM dengan tahapan mulai dari fase pendahuluan, arsitektur visi, arsitektur bisnis, arsitektur sistem informasi, arsitektur teknologi, peluang dan solusi serta fase perencanaan migrasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menghasilkan dokumentasi mengenai perancangan arsitektur enterprise di perusahaan pada bagian proses produksi.
Risk Stratification of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Arterial Hypertension and the Ways of Primary Prevention: A Literature Review
Authors: Буквальная Н.В. , Якубова Л.В. , Снежицкий В.А. 
Published: May 2023

В данном обзоре освещаются вопросы поиска предикторов развития фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией (АГ). Отмечена роль основных факторов риска (ФР) в инициации аритмии. Проанализированы результаты исследований, оценивающих значение повышенного артериального давления (АД) и его отдельных характеристик в развитии ФП, подчеркнута диагностическая значимость показателей суточного мониторирования АД (СМАД) в прогнозировании аритмии. Описаны эхокардиографические предикторы развития ФП при АГ. Выполненная коллективом авторов оценка существующих шкал риска развития аритмии свидетельствует о необходимости их дополнения такими предикторами, как уровень мочевой кислоты и холестерина липопротеидов высокой плотности, индекс массы миокарда левого желудочка, его геометрия, индекс объема левого предсердия, величина пульсового АД, суточный профиль АД и его вариабельность, или создания новых шкал, что позволит повысить их прогностическую значимость в выявлении лиц высокого риска развития ФП и последующего проведения у них профилактических мероприятий. Рассмотрены возможности первичной профилактики аритмии с помощью коррекции основных ФР и антигипертензивной терапии. Детально описаны особенности выбора антигипертензивных препаратов с учетом имеющихся ФР, структурного ремоделирования сердца и параметров СМАД.
This review highlights the search for predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH). The role of the main risk factors (RF) in arrhythmia initiation is noted. The results of the studies evaluating the significance of high blood pressure (BP) and its individual characteristics in the development of AF are analyzed and the diagnostic significance of 24-hour BP monitoring (ABPM) indicators in predicting arrhythmias is emphasized. Echocardiographic predictors of AF development in AH are described. The group of authors assessed the existing arrhythmia risk scales and found it necessary to supplement them with such predictors as uric acid and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, left ventricular myocardial mass index and its geometry, left atrial volume index, pulse pressure value, daily BP profile and its variability or create new scales; this will increase their prognostic significance in identifying high-risk AF patients and their subsequent preventive measures. The possibilities of the primary prevention of arrhythmia with the help of the correction of the main AF and antihypertensive therapy are considered. The choice peculiarities of antihypertensive drugs are described in details taking into account the existing RF, structural remodeling of heart and ABPM parameters.
THE ANALYSIS OF ACCOUNTING TREATMENT OF FIXED ASSETS IN SILVERLAKE VINEYARD LTD BASED ON INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTING STANDARD NO. 16
Authors: Meiyanti Fajar , Putri Trisandi Eka 
Published: May 2023

Pemahaman akuntansi aset tetap, permasalahan, dan solusinya yang sesuai dengan standar akuntansi yang berlaku menjadi hal yang sangat penting bagi penyusun laporan keuangan, pihak internal perusahaan, dan auditor eksternal yang melakukan audit atas laporan keuangan (Pradana dan Herawati, 2015). Selain itu, aset tetap mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting karena mempunyai nilai yang cukup signifikan bila dibandingkan dengan komponen neraca lainnya, maka aktiva ini memerlukan pengelolaan kebijakan yang khusus, baik dalam penggunaan, pemeliharaan, penguasaan maupun pencatatan akuntansinya dan mempengaruhi peranan penting dalam aktivitas produksinya (Mairuhu dan Jantje, 2014).
Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah metode deskriptif. Adapun sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, studi lapangan dan studi pustaka.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan akuntansi atas aset tetap di Sliverlake Vineyard Ltd sebagian besar sudah sesuai dengan pernyataan International Accounting Standard No.16 meskipun dalam pemilihan dan penggunaan masa manfaat penyusutan masih perlu dikoreksi.
Pengenalan Huruf Abjad Melalui Tutur Bahasa pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Mazidah Nihayatul , Khamim Zarkasih Putro  
Published: May 2023

Early childhood can absorb information tremendously, the younger the child, the more information is absorbed. Early age is an age that can be said to explore or ask questions, so that children are very easy to hone their speech, by speaking the language of children are also able to learn and learn to recognize the letters of the alphabet properly and correctly. This study aims to see the development of language and the development of recognizing children's letters. Techniques in data collection used are observation and interviews. And in this data analysis technique is done using data reduction and in the and can draw conclusions. Checking the validity of the findings by means of observation, triangulation and discussion with colleagues. The results of this study indicate that the introduction of letters of the alphabet through children's speech can stimulate children well, teachers are very enthusiastic in introducing letters to their students.

ABSTRAK
Anak usia dini bisa menangkap berbagai hal secara luar biasa ketika anak umurnya masih muda anak lebih banyak menangkap informasi. Usia dini merupakan usia yang bisa dikatakan menjelajahi atau usia bertanya, sehingga anak sangat mudah salah mengasah tutur bahasanya, dengan tutur bahasa anak juga mampu belajar dan mempelajari megenal huruf abjad dengan baik dan benar. Penelitian disini bertujuan untuk melihat perkembangan bahasa dan perkembangan mengenal huruf anak. Teknik dalam pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan observasi dan wawancara. Dan dalam teknik analisis data ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan reduksi data dan pada akhirnya bisa menarik kesimpulan. Pengecekan keabsahan temuan dilakukan dengan cara pengamatan, triangulasi dan diskusi dengan sesame teman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengenalan huruf abjad melalui tutur bahasa anak dapat menstimulasi anak dengan baik, guru sangat bersemangat dalam melakukan pengenalan huruf terhadap anak didiknya.