bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SK-03-92 Drug Kills Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Schwan William R. 
Published: August 2023

Background: Tuberculosis affects millions of people worldwide. The emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains has made treatment more difficult. A drug discovery project initiated to screen natural products identified a lead stilbene compound, and structure function analysis of hundreds of analogs led to the discovery of the SK-03-92 stilbene lead compound with activity against several non-tuberculoid mycobacteria. Methods: For this study, an MIC analysis and intracellular killing assay were performed to test SK-03-92 against M. tuberculosis grown in vitro as well as within murine macrophage cells. Results: The MIC analysis showed that SK-03-92 had activity against M. tuberculosis in the range of 0.39 to 6.25 μg/mL, including activity against single-drug-resistant strains. Further, an intracellular kill assay demonstrated that the SK-03-92 lead compound killed M. tuberculosis cells within murine macrophage cells. Conclusion: Together, the data show the SK-03-92 lead compound can kill M. tuberculosis bacteria within mammalian macrophages.
Hybrid Autofluorescence and Optoacoustic Microscopy for the Label-Free, Early and Rapid Detection of Pathogenic Infections in Vegetative Tissues
Authors: Tserevelakis George J. , Theocharis Andreas , Spyropoulou Stavroula , Trantas Emmanouil , Goumas Dimitrios , Ververidis Filippos , Zacharakis Giannis 
Published: August 2023

Agriculture plays a pivotal role in food security and food security is challenged by pests and pathogens. Due to these challenges, the yields and quality of agricultural production are reduced and, in response, restrictions in the trade of plant products are applied. Governments have collaborated to establish robust phytosanitary measures, promote disease surveillance, and invest in research and development to mitigate the impact on food security. Classic as well as modernized tools for disease diagnosis and pathogen surveillance do exist, but most of these are time-consuming, laborious, or are less sensitive. To that end, we propose the innovative application of a hybrid imaging approach through the combination of confocal fluorescence and optoacoustic imaging microscopy. This has allowed us to non-destructively detect the physiological changes that occur in plant tissues as a result of a pathogen-induced interaction well before visual symptoms occur. When broccoli leaves were artificially infected with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), eventually causing an economically important bacterial disease, the induced optical absorption alterations could be detected at very early stages of infection. Therefore, this innovative microscopy approach was positively utilized to detect the disease caused by a plant pathogen, showing that it can also be employed to detect quarantine pathogens such as Xylella fastidiosa.
Inhibition of Enzymes Involved in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Aβ1–40 Aggregation by Citrus limon Peel Polyphenol Extract
Authors: Arcone Rosaria , D’Errico Antonio , Nasso Rosarita , Rullo Rosario , Poli Annarita , Di Donato Paola , Masullo Mariorosario 
Published: August 2023

Alzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s diseases (PD) are multifactorial neurogenerative disorders of the Central Nervous System causing severe cognitive and motor deficits in elderly people. Because treatment of AD and PD by synthetic drugs alleviates the symptoms often inducing side effects, many studies have aimed to find neuroprotective properties of diet polyphenols, compounds known to act on different cell signaling pathways. In this article, we analyzed the effect of polyphenols obtained from the agro-food industry waste of Citrus limon peel (LPE) on key enzymes of cholinergic and aminergic neurotransmission, such as butyryl cholinesterase (BuChE) and monoamine oxidases (MAO)-A/B, on Aβ1–40 aggregation and on superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1/2 that affect oxidative stress. In our in vitro assays, LPE acts as an enzyme inhibitor on BuChE (IC50 ~ 73 µM), MAO-A/B (IC50 ~ 80 µM), SOD 1/2 (IC50 ~ 10–20 µM) and interferes with Aβ1–40 peptide aggregation (IC50 ~ 170 µM). These results demonstrate that LPE behaves as a multitargeting agent against key factors of AD and PD by inhibiting to various extents BuChE, MAOs, and SODs and reducing Aβ-fibril aggregation. Therefore, LPE is a promising candidate for the prevention and management of AD and PD symptoms in combination with pharmacological therapies.
Bone health assessment in adults with fragility fracture risk factors between 2002–2014: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pradhan Anup Bahadur , Nicholls Elaine , Edwards John James , Welsh Victoria , Paskins Zoe 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundLifetime risk of fragility fractures is 50% in post-menopausal women and 20% in men aged >50 years. Identifying people at high risk facilitates early intervention and reduction of biopsychosocial morbidity associated with these fractures.AimTo explore if bone health assessment (BHA) rates differ between women and men aged ≥50 years with fragility fracture risk factors.Design & settingA primary care-based cohort study in North Staffordshire, UK.MethodPatients were identified from the Consultations in Primary Care Archive (CiPCA) database between 2002 and 2014 with one or more fragility fracture risk factors (previous fractures, falls, and prolonged steroid use). Evaluation of BHA within 12 months of presentation of the first risk factor was carried out by searching for codes for fracture risk assessment tools (FRAX and QFracture), bone density measurement, specialist service referral, or if bone-protection medication was started.ResultsA total of 15 581 patients with risk factors were identified; men represented 40.4% of the cohort. The study found 1172 (7.5%) had BHA performed within 1 year of presentation, and 8.9% of women and 5.5% of men had BHAs, which was found with strong statistical evidence (χ2= 59.88,P= 1 × 10–14). This relationship prevailed after adjusting for other covariates, such as comorbidity and number of consultations, with an odds ratio of 1.25 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.08 to 1.43).ConclusionThis study has shown that rates of BHA were generally low and even lower in men compared with women. Primary care clinicians should be alert to fragility fracture risk factors in both men and women to enable early assessment and intervention.
ABORDAGEM FAMILIAR NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Carolina Teixeira Pinto  , Leticia Franco Salomão  , Katia T. A. Rezende  , Mara Quaglio Chirelli  , Caroline Freitas Farias  , Nicoly Victoria Garrett Marinho  
Published: August 2023

Introdução: As mudanças nas práticas de cuidado à saúde na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) no Brasil requer uma abordagem às famílias, em contraposição ao modelo biomédico, fragmentado, centrado no médico e na doença. Reconhece-se a necessidade de se identificar como os profissionais tem se instrumentalizado para realizar essa ação. Objetivo: Identificar e sistematizar a abordagem familiar na APS. Material e Métodos: Revisão integrativa a partir do questionamento - Como tem sido desenvolvido o cuidado às famílias pela equipe da atenção primária e/ou atenção domiciliar? Pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados LILACS, Medline, BVS acessados pelo portal PubMed, utilizando as seguintes palavras-chave e descritores: family caregiving; Professional-Family Relations; Family Nursing; Family-centred care; Primary Health Care, no período de 2010 a 2021. Realizou-se análise temática dos resultados, identificando-se o tema: Estratégias de abordagem das Famílias na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Resultados: Os 19 artigos selecionados na revisão integrativa revelou que a abordagem familiar, internacionalmente, ocorre, preponderantemente, por meio de formação / educação em saúde do sujeito e ou familiares e ou cuidadores. Considerações Finais: A análise temática auxiliou na classificação dos resultados da revisão integrativa, revelando que a abordagem familiar, internacionalmente, ocorre, preponderantemente, por meio de formação / educação em saúde do sujeito e ou cuidadores.
ANDRAGOGIA: INSTRUMENTO DE EDUCAÇÃO E ORIENTAÇÃO AOS ADULTOS
Authors: Valêska Araújo Costa Lima Christiane , Yildirim Kemal 
Published: August 2023

Andragogia, é uma teoria desenvolvida por Malcolm Knowles que se baseia em um método de aprendizagem independente e autodirigido para adultos. Esta teoria afirma que os programas de aprendizagem devem apoiar a noção de que os adultos são autodirigidos e assumem a responsabilidade pelas decisões. Assim, objetiva-se por meio do presente marial, compreender e descrever os principais aspectos do processo de ensino aprendizagem dos jovens e adultos, destacandose assim, metodologias, práxis pedagógica, e a importância da relação professoraluno para o desenvolvimento da aquisição do conhecimento deste último. Tratase de uma revisão de literatura tendo como base a pesquisa bibliográfica e descritiva, de natureza qualitativa. A pesquisa teve como embasamento teóricos pressupostos dos autores: Carvalho et al., (2010), Martins (2013), Santos (2010), entre outros. Compreendeu-se por meio do aporte teórico que de acordo com Andragogia, é importante entender e considerar a especificidade de cada aluno, a singularidade dos comportamentos, da sua realidade, e os diferentes fatores que contribuem para o sucesso scolar.
SEO-OPTIMIZED WRITING: REMOVING THE MYSTERY
Authors: Doby Jerry 
Published: August 2023

In the digital age, SEO optimization plays a crucial role in enhancing the visibility and reach of online content. This paper, authored by Jerry Doby, Ph.D., Editor-in-Chief of The Hype Magazine, aims to demystify SEO-optimized writing for professionals such as journalists, bloggers, copywriters, and other enthusiasts. The study delves into the step-by-step process of optimizing content to improve search engine placement and attract a larger audience. The paper begins by discussing the significance of an SEO-optimized headline and its impact on search engine placement. It emphasizes the importance of researching relevant keywords and phrases and incorporating them into the headline while maintaining a clear and concise message. Additionally, the paper highlights the use of numbers, questions, and emotional triggers to increase click-through rates and engagement, further enhancing search engine placement.
Pandemi Döneminde İntörn Hemşire Öğrenci Olmak: Kadın Doğum Kliniklerinde Uygulama Yapan Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Deneyimleri
Authors: BALTACI Nazlı , METİN Ayşe 
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde kadın doğum kliniklerinde uygulama yapan intörn hemşirelik öğrencilerinin deneyimlerinin incelenmesidir.
Yöntem: Çalışma, Türkiye’nin kuzeyinde bir üniversitenin Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Hemşirelik bölümünde gerçekleştirilmiştir. “Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Hemşireliği İntörn Uygulama Dersi” ni alan ve yaz döneminde kadın doğum kliniklerinde uygulama yapan son sınıf intörn öğrencileri ile fenomenolojik desenli, tanımlayıcı tipte niteliksel bir araştırma olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma verileri, Google Meet uygulaması üzerinden online video konferans şeklinde 31/08/2021 tarihinde tek odak grup görüşmesi yapılarak toplanmış ve betimsel analiz yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Elde edilen verilerin analizinde Öğrencilerin “klinik uygulama yapacaklarını ilk öğrendiklerinde hissettikleri” ve “klinik uygulama sırasında hissettikleri” olmak üzere iki ana tema ortaya çıkmıştır. “Klinik uygulama yapacaklarını öğrendiklerinde hissettikleri” temasında; “fırsat”, “korku ve belirsizlik” alt temaları; “klinik uygulama sırasında hissettikleri” temasında ise “korku”, “güven ve farkındalık”, “bakım bilinci” ve “ekip dayanışması” alt temaları belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda pandemi sürecinde intörn öğrenci hemşirelerin kadın doğum dersi kapsamında klinik uygulama yapabilmeyi fırsat olarak düşündükleri, uygulamaların mesleki gelişimlerini desteklediği, ancak enfeksiyonu bulaştırma korkusu ve pandemi sürecine ilişkin belirsizlik yaşadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu bağlamda pandemi kaynaklı klinik uygulamalara ilişkin alternatif planlamaların ve telafilerin, öğrencilerin duygu, düşünceleri ve deneyimleri dikkate alınarak beceri gelişimini yeterli şekilde destekler nitelikte yapılması önerilmektedir.
THE PROCESS OF COMBINED INFERIOR MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND RIGHT VENTRICLE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH TRANSIENT ARTERIAL HYPOTENSION
Authors: Chazymova Z. M. , Beishenkulov M. T. , Kaliev K. R. , Toktosunova A. K. , Abdurashidova T. S. 
Published: August 2023

Aim. To study the arterial hypotension influence to the progress of combined inferior and right ventricle myocardial infarction.Material and methods.There were studied 66 patients with the primary inferior and right ventricle myocardial infarction. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 1st group - patients with inferior and right ventricle myocardial infarction with stable hemodynamics (n=34); 2nd group - patients with inferior and right ventricle myocardial infarction complicated by arterial hypotension in early period (n=32). Electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography (EchoCG) were performed in patients 1, 3, 30 days and 6 months after.Results. On the 6th month of the disease, despite adequate conservative therapy, there was a significant increase of LV volume index in patients from the 2nd group, thus EDV LV was 164.2±4.2 ml<sup>3</sup>, ESV 94.1±2.8 ml<sup>3</sup> (p<0.028). It was positive dynamics in rehabilitationof systolic function of RV in two groups. Thus EDS RV in patients from the 2nd group was 31.4±2.0 sm<sup>3</sup>, and in patients from the 1st group 25.1±2.2 cm<sup>3</sup> (p<0.05), ESS RV in 2nd group became 19.8±2.0 cm<sup>3</sup>, and in the 1st group 14.4±1.9 cm<sup>3</sup> (p<0.05). To the 6th month of disease FIP LV in the 1st group 40.3±3.2%, in the 2nd group 39.4% (p<0.05 in the group). To the 6th month of disease in the 1st group: ACS repeated episodes were in 6 patients (18%), 4 patients with heart failure FC III (12%), death was in 6% (2 patients). In the 2nd group: ACS repeated episodes were in 10 patients (30%) (OR 2.167; 95% CI 0.674-6.967), 7 patients with heart failure fC III (21%), death was in 10% (3 patients) (OR 2.2; 95% CI 0.190-25.517).Conclusion.The patients with transitory arterial hypotension at the beginning of disease, have the singes of pathological LV remodeling, which complicate the course of disease, but the RV function becomes better.
TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION AND OPEN AORTIC SURGERY: COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS
Authors: Ganyukov V. I. , Tarasov R. S. , Vereshchagin I. E. , Kochergin N. A. , Stasev A. N. , Nagirnyak O. A. , Barbarash L. S. 
Published: August 2023

Aim. The aim of this study is to compare hospital and long-term outcomes in patients with low surgical risk after aortic stenosis correction in surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).Materials and methods. Patients with aortic stenosis (AS) were included in the study. The main criterion for inclusion - the presence of indications for surgical correction of an isolated aortic valve defect. The first group included patients after TAVI (n = 11). As a control group, patients who underwent surgical correction aortic stenosis (n = 23). The TAVI group used non-repositories CoreValve (Medtronic) and repositioned Lotus (Boston Scientific) valves. Biological prosthesis Uniline (KemKor) was used in the group of surgical patients. The efficacy of the interventions was evaluated at the hospital and annual follow-up, based on the analysis of the combined endpoint, and major adverse cardiovascular events.Results. The mean age of the patients was 66.9±5.7 years in the SAVR group and 75.3±4.1 years in the TAVI group (р=0,003). The average score for EuroSCORE II was 3.49±0.3 in the SAVR group and 3.93±1.2 in the TAVI group (р=0,31). Repositionable and non-repositionable valves were implanted in 2 and 9 cases, respectively. The combined endpoint was noted in one patient in the TAVI group and in four patients in the SAVR group according to the annual observation results. There are three (13%) fatal outcomes in the surgical prosthesis group.Conclusion. The possibility of using TAVI in low-risk patients with aortic stenosis was demonstrated on the basis of comparable results of evaluating efficacy and safety with SAVR in 1-year follow-up.
Mild thrombocytopenia and postpartum hemorrhage in pregnancies with placenta previa
Authors: OZDEN TOKALIOGLU Eda , GÖNCÜ AYHAN Şule , TURGUT Ezgi , TUĞRUL ERSAK Duygu , TANACAN Atakan , SAHİN Dilek 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Aim
Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Although thrombocytopenia is one of the known risk factors for postpartum hemorrhage, little is known about the effect of mild thrombocytopenia on PPH. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between postpartum hemorrhage and mild thrombocytopenia in pregnant women with placenta previa.
Method
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of pregnant women who underwent placenta previa surgery between October 1, 2019 and May 1, 2022. Women with mild thrombocytopenia (platelet count 100,000-149,999/ µl) comprised the study group. The women in the control group had normal platelet counts (platelet count 150.000- 450.000 / µl). The outcome was the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage which is a combination of one or more of the following: 1) the requirement for a transfusion of pRBC during the intraoperative or postpartum period; 2) a decrease in Hb levels of at least 3 gr/dL postpartum compared to prepartum.
Results
There were 170 women in the study; 30 were in the group with mild thrombocytopenia and 140 were in the control group. Mild thrombocytopenia was found to be associated with postpartum hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio: 3.90 95% CI: 1.56-9.72). Also in the mild thrombocytopenia group, the number of patients receiving blood transfusion and Hb decline >3 g/dL were significantly higher compared to the control group (p
Beating Stellar Systematic Error Floors Using Transit-based Densities
Authors: Eastman Jason D. , Diamond-Lowe Hannah , Tayar Jamie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
It has long been understood that the light curve of a transiting planet constrains the density of its host star. That fact is routinely used to improve measurements of the stellar surface gravity and has been argued to be an independent check on the stellar mass. Here we show how the stellar density can also dramatically improve the precision of the radius and effective temperature of the star. This additional constraint is especially significant when we properly account for the 4.2% radius and 2.0% temperature systematic errors inherited from photometric zero-points, model atmospheres, interferometric calibration, and extinction. In the typical case, we can constrain stellar radii to 3% and temperatures to 1.75% with our evolutionary-model-based technique. In the best real-world cases, we can infer radii to 1.6% and temperatures to 1.1%—well below the systematic measurement floors—which can improve the precision in the planetary parameters by a factor of two. We explain in detail the mechanism that makes it possible and show a demonstration of the technique for a near-ideal system, WASP-4. We also show that both the statistical and systematic uncertainties in the parallax from Gaia DR3 are often a significant component of the uncertainty in L
* and must be treated carefully. Taking advantage of our technique requires simultaneous models of the stellar evolution, bolometric flux (e.g., a stellar spectral energy distribution), and the planetary transit, while accounting for the systematic errors in each, as is done in EXOFASTv2.
Changes in serum cytokine profile and deficit severity in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Slavov Georgi 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: In experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, neurological deficit correlates with axonal loss and the CD8+ T cells are a likely mediator of axonal damage. In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, there is a correlation of the immune inflammatory activity in the lesion foci with the axon transection.
Aim: To evaluate the changes occurring in the serum concentrations of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL17, TGF-β1, IL4, and IL10 during relapse and remission, and their correlations with the degree of neurological deficit.
Materials and methods: In an open, prospective, case-control study conducted between 2012 and 2014, we examined 86 people: 46 patients (33 women and 13 men) and 40 healthy individuals (20 women and 20 men).
Serum cytokine concentrations were analyzed using ELISA – once in the controls, twice in the patients during the relapse and remission of the condition.
The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. We used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the independent sample t-test, the Spearman and Pearson correlation, the Mann-Whitney test, and regression analysis.
Results: Immune imbalance was found in the patients compared to the healthy controls in both relapse and remission. During the relapse, the IFN-γ levels were significantly increased compared to the levels in remission (p=0.017). During remission, the deficit was statistically significantly improved (p&lt;0.001) and the anti-inflammatory IL4 and TGF-β1 were increased compared to their levels in the exacerbation period (p=0.006 and p=0.009, respectively). There was a causal relationship between the serum concentrations of TNF-α and EDSS in relapse (Vanetto-significance). During this phase, the regression analysis established two factors that had statistically significant influence on the deficit severity – TNF-α and IL17 (t=2.093, p=0.042; t=−2.140, p=0.038).
Conclusions: IL17 and TNF-α serum concentrations are significant factors for the neurological deficit severity. The levels of IFN-γ, IL4, and TGF-β1 during both periods are criteria for evaluation of the immune inflammatory activity.
Mettre en débat la représentation syndicale
Authors: Rouxel Pierre 
Published: August 2023

Sur fond d’érosion de leur ancrage social et de leur crédit symbolique, les organisations syndicales sont traversées aujourd’hui par des luttes autour des pratiques et du sens de l’engagement. Dans cette perspective, l’article analyse les efforts de délégués d’une usine du nord de Buenos Aires, en Argentine, pour faire émerger et diffuser un « sens syndical alternatif », à partir de l’animation d’un centre socio-éducatif et d’un cycle de formation proposé à des ouvriers de l’industrie chimique. Après être revenu sur les ressorts sociaux et organisationnels de ce projet militant, l’article en explore les conditions de réussite. Si cet espace de formation rend possible une mise en débat des formes et du périmètre d’intervention du syndicalisme, l’enquête ethnographique montre aussi combien ce processus est entravé par les appels au loyalisme des dirigeants du syndicat de branche, auxquels certains participants – en raison de leurs trajectoires et de leurs dispositions – se montrent sensibles.