bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the overall fit of three-unit posterior fixed dental prostheses fabricated with laser sintering and conventional casting methods
Authors: Pekkan Gürel , Degirmenci Kubra , Tuna Süleyman Hakan , Hekimoğlu Canan , Saridag Serkan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the marginal, internal, and occlusal discrepancies of three-unit posterior cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) produced using five different fabrication techniques.

Materials and methods
Segmental maxillary models were prepared from polyamide material using a laser sintering method. The maxillary first premolar and first molar teeth were prepared to receive posterior FDPs. Direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and selective laser melting (SLM) were used as two metal laser Co-Cr framework production systems. FDP specimen patterns were prepared by manual wax carving (Cast), 3D-printed polymer (3DP), and CAD/CAM wax and cast using the lost-wax technique as conventional methods. In total, 100 Co-Cr metal framework specimens were prepared for posterior FDPs (n = 20). The silicone replica technique was used to measure marginal, internal, and occlusal discrepancies of all frameworks. A stereomicroscope was employed to detect discrepancies at 100× magnification. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05) and post hoc Bonferroni adjustment (α = 0.005) for pairwise comparisons.

Results
There were no significant differences between the occlusal discrepancy values of premolar abutments of FDPs when compared with different fabrication methods (P > 0.05). The highest marginal discrepancy value was detected as 116.22 μm for molar abutment when the Cast method was used (P < 0.05). The highest occlusal discrepancy values were detected as 135.60 μm and 141.49 μm for molar abutments of posterior FDPs when the 3DP and Cast methods were used. The lowest marginal discrepancy value was detected as 38.94 μm for molar abutments when the DMLS method was used (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
The DMLS method was more successful than other fabrication methods when fit values of abutment teeth for posterior frameworks were compared.

Clinical relevance
The morphology of the abutment teeth and the fabrication techniques of FDPs migth affect the discrepancy values of FDPs planned. It was seen that the discrepancy values were lowest with the DMLS and SLM methods. Considering the results of this in-vitro study, DMLS and SLM techniques may be more appropriate option than the 3DP method, which starts with digital design and ends conventionally casting technique for posterior three-unit FDPs.
Whole exome sequencing for identifying rare genetic variants related to idiopathic granulomatous mastitis
Authors: Ozer Leyla , Koksal Hande 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Backgrounds
To reveal rare genetic factors that cause susceptibility to idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM).

Methods
Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed in 30 patients with histopathologically diagnosed idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. WES analysis mainly focused on 317 genes linked to autoimmunity, autoinflammation, and immune dysregulation.

Results
A total of 141 variants were detected in 100 genes. The 40% (12/30) of patients had pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. The pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were 10.6% of all variants, and the rest of the variants (89.4%) were classified as VUS. Most of the variants were heterozygous (97.2%) only 4 variants (2.8%) were homozygous. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were detected in FCGR1A, MPO, F5, IL36RN, CLUH, C9, NAXD, PROC, THRB, IFI30, COQ2, RNASEH2B, and SLC29A3 genes. The highest number of variants were detected in UNC13D, VPS13B, EPHB4, NLRP12, TCIRG1, TOM1, IRF9, and PIK3CG.

Conclusion
Up to date, our study is the first whole exome sequencing study of IGM patients which aims to find out the rare variants related to etiopathogenesis of the disease. We identified 141 single nucleotide variants of 100 genes, and most of these variants were found in innate immunity-related genes. The current study provides clues for identifying the etiologic factors and designing further functional studies in this rare disease with unknown etiopathogenesis.

Key Points•Autoimmunity/autoinflammation-related genetic factors are blamed for etiopathogenesis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM).•Mutation in genes related to innate immunity, especially in macrophage functions and phagocytosis, may lead to IGM susceptibility.•Potential candidate genes for genetic susceptibility to IGM may shed light for new treatment options.
Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy generator based low-light enhancement model for referenced image datasets
Authors: Selvam Chithra , Sundaram Dhanasekar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Image processing is a rapidly evolving research field with diverse applications across science and technology, including biometric systems, surveillance, traffic signal control and medical imaging. Digital images taken in low-light conditions are often affected by poor contrast and pixel detail, leading to uncertainty. Although various fuzzy based techniques have been proposed for low-light image enhancement, there remains a need for a model that can manage greater uncertainty while providing better structural information. To address this, an interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy generator is proposed to develop an advanced low-light image enhancement model for referenced image datasets. The enhancement process involves a structural similarity index measure (SSIM) based optimization approach with respect to the parameters of the generator. For experimental validation, the Low-Light (LOL), LOLv2-Real and LOLv2-Synthetic benchmark datasets are utilized. The results are compared with several existing techniques using quality metrics such as SSIM, peak signal-to-noise ratio, absolute mean brightness error, mean absolute error, root mean squared error, blind/referenceless image spatial quality evaluator and naturalness image quality evaluator, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed model. Ultimately, the model’s performance is benchmarked against state-of-the-art methods, highlighting its enhanced efficiency.
Irradiance and biofilm age control daytime and nighttime macronutrient cycling in stream mesocosms
Authors: Sunjidmaa Nergui , Mendoza-Lera Clara , Pasqualini Julia , Fink Patrick , Bartusch Alexander , Borchardt Dietrich , Jähkel Anne , Graeber Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While it is well acknowledged that both light irradiance and biofilm age influence daytime nutrient cycling in streams, it remains unclear how these factors interact and affect nighttime nutrient dynamics together with dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition. The understanding of these interactions is crucial for comprehending overall nutrient dynamics in stream ecosystems. In this study, we assess the interplay of biofilm age (one, i.e. younger, and three, i.e. older, weeks old) under three levels of light irradiance (high, low, and no light) on the daytime and nighttime dynamics of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (NO3–N and NH4–N), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), and DOM molecular fractions in streamside flumes. Daytime NO3–N demand by younger biofilms increased with irradiance, with no net-uptake without light. Moreover, both daytime and nighttime NO3–N net-uptake increased with biofilm age under higher light incidence, but at lower rates for nighttime net-uptake. Older biofilms acted as daytime sources of DOM (humic-like molecular fractions) and of SRP, while protein-like DOM fractions were consumed both during daytime and nighttime by both younger and older biofilms. Our results reveal distinct daytime and nighttime nutrient dynamics influenced by light irradiance and biofilm age, emphasizing the importance of nighttime processes for a comprehensive assessment of nutrient cycling in streams.
Developing the structure of laws in biology
Authors: Duguid Callum 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Paradigmatic examples of laws drawn from physics are accompanied by a rich explanatory structure that supports unificatory efforts. Part of the reason these efforts have been successful has been their identification of conservation laws, whose greater necessity allows them to act as constraints. Within biology, much of the debate over lawhood has focused on whether restricted regularities should be treated as laws, rather than finding parallels to how physical laws are structured. This paper argues that extending that structure to biology is both possible and well-motivated by building on the functionalist approach to lawhood. Through two specific examples – the West Brown Enquist model of metabolism and the neutral theory of biodiversity – I show there are principles in biological theorising that can be interpreted as analogues of conservation laws. This reveals a similarity of nomological structure between physics and biology which is often obscured by methodological differences. Commitment to these laws in biology supports the view that theoretical progress can be made by focusing research efforts on unificatory principles.
Burden of prolonged treatment delay among patients with common cancers in the Philippines
Authors: Cambia Jansen M. , Wannasri Arnat , Orlina Edmund Cedric A. , Calvez Gehan Alyanna C. , Grafilo Wilma M. , Liu Jason J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Prolonged treatment delay often leads to adverse cancer prognosis. However, the demographic and clinical predictors of higher treatment delay burden in the Philippines have not been thoroughly evaluated.

Methods
We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study on patients diagnosed with common cancers who received cancer treatment, to quantify the burden of prolonged treatment delay in the Philippines among this population. We analyzed 20,654 patients with common cancers from the Department of Health-Rizal Cancer Registry. The Poisson regression model with robust variance was used to identify demographic and clinical predictors of prolonged treatment delay. In addition, we examined the associations among those receiving different initial treatment types, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy.

Results
We found 35.1 % of the studied cancer patients experienced initial treatment delay of more than 30 days, as well as 25.2 % and 20.0 % experiencing treatment delays exceeding 60 and 90 days, respectively. We found higher risk of prolonged treatment delay of more than 90 days in those with 0–19 years of age at diagnosis, male gender, cancer treatment at non-private hospitals, diagnoses during the 1990s, more advanced cancer stages, and non-surgical initial treatments. For patients with surgery as the initial treatment, younger age at cancer diagnosis was not significantly associated with increased burden of prolonged treatment delay, unlike for those initially treated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

Conclusion
By identifying the characteristics of treated cancer patients with higher risk of protracted treatment delay, our findings will inform the national cancer control program to especially target those patients for treatment delay reduction.
Experiences of Siblings of Children with Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS)
Authors: Ringer Noam , Zakirova-Engstrand Rano 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is a relatively new diagnosis, characterized by an abrupt and dramatic onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder together with neuropsychiatric symptoms. This sudden onset of symptoms that occurs within 24–48 h presents tremendous challenges for the affected children and their immediate family members. Currently, research on the experiences of siblings of children with PANS is lacking. This study explored siblings’ perspectives on living with brothers and sisters with PANS, and their perceptions of own ability and available resources to manage challenging situations. Nine siblings of children with PANS, aged 10–17 years, participated in semi-structured interviews. Informed by Transactional Theory, a combined deductive-inductive approach to qualitative content analysis was used for analyzing the data. The findings illuminate that PANS has considerable impact on the lives of healthy siblings who experienced fear of aggression and unpredictability of their siblings’ behavior; they felt that their basic needs as well as social and emotional needs were often neglected. The results also showed that siblings lacked formal knowledge about PANS and had only a limited number of strategies to cope with stressful situations. However, peers in similar situation were a source of emotional support. Practical implications include the need for development of community-based, family-centered support programs to reduce the impact of PANS on healthy siblings’ well-being. Directions for further research are outlined.
Mental Health Profiles Among Swedish High School Students: Relationships to Environmental Sensitivity and Coping Self-Efficacy
Authors: Maurer Mia M. , Hoff Eva , Daukantaitė Daiva 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Dual-factor models of mental health integrate both positive and negative indicators to provide a more comprehensive understanding of mental health profiles. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the mental health profiles of Swedish high school students by examining five positive indicators of well-being—connectedness, perseverance, optimism, happiness, and engagement—alongside three distress indicators: symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. We further investigated how these profiles related to gender, environmental sensitivity, coping self-efficacy, and the experience of pandemic-related distress. Utilizing latent profile analysis on a sample of 846 students (M

age
= 18, SD

age
= 0.85), five distinct mental health profiles emerged: Complete mental health (42.9%) exhibited above-average well-being and below-average distress;
Moderate mental health (37.8%) showed average well-being and distress levels;
Vulnerable (9.8%) had below-average well-being with slightly elevated distress; Symptomatic but managing (5.4%) reported below-average well-being and high distress; and Troubled (4.0%) displayed significantly below-average well-being with very high distress. Gender played a significant role in differentiating these profiles, with girls particularly overrepresented in the Troubled and Symptomatic but managing profiles, suggesting a higher prevalence of mental health challenges among female students. As expected, students in the Complete mental health profile exhibited higher aesthetic sensitivity and greater coping self-efficacy, while those in the Troubled profile showed the highest ease of excitation and lowest coping self-efficacy, indicating a stark contrast in emotional regulation and resilience between the profiles. Interestingly, despite clear variations in well-being and distress, no significant differences were found between profiles in terms of distress experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic, although girls reported higher levels of pandemic-related distress overall.
These findings offer critical insights into the diverse mental health experiences of adolescents, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Addressing the specific needs of students in compromised mental health profiles is essential to promoting a healthier and more supportive educational environment.
Advances in natural fiber polymer and PLA composites through artificial intelligence and machine learning integration
Authors: Uddin Md. Helal , Mulla Mohammed Huzaifa , Abedin Tarek , Manap Abreeza , Yap Boon Kar , Rajamony Reji Kumar , Shahapurkar Kiran , Khan T. M. Yunus , Soudagar Manzoore Elahi M. , Nur-E-Alam Mohammad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Natural Fibre Polymer (NFP) and Polylactic Acid (PLA) composites have received a lot of interest in a variety of sectors because they are environmentally friendly, renewable, and sustainable. Over the last decade, researchers have investigated the aspects of NFP/PLA composite development and optimization for a wide range of applications, including packaging materials, automotive components, construction materials, textile and apparel, biomedical devices, agricultural and horticultural applications, electronics, and consumer electronics. Furthermore, using Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) methodologies has increased these polymer materials and associated technologies in their search for new potential ways to further progress in NFP and PLA composites. The purpose of this review paper is to present a complete overview of AI and machine learning applications in the synthesis and development of NFP/PLA composite materials. The subject matter includes the following research areas: material characterization, manufacturing, property prediction, durability assessment, sustainability analysis, and future perspectives, which demonstrate the potential and challenges of AI/ML in advancing NFP/PLA composite materials and technologies.
A novel trait to reduce the mechanical damage of peach fruits at harvest: The first genetic dissection study for peduncle length
Authors: da Silva Linge Cassia , Ciacciulli Angelo , Baccichet Irina , Chiozzotto Remo , Calastri Elisa , Tagliabue Alessandro Giulio , Rossini Laura , Bassi Daniele , Cirilli Marco 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In peach, a long peduncle can help minimize mechanical damages/physical injuries in the fruit at harvest and can also be useful in postharvest handling and transportation. In view of genetically dissecting the peduncle length (PL) in peach, we have performed a Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) mapping study for PL using a F2 progeny of 117 individuals from the cross ‘PI 91459 [NJ Weeping]’ x ‘Bounty’ (WxBy). The progeny was phenotyped for three years (2011, 2012 and 2014) and the QTL mapping analysis was performed using four methods: Kruskall-Wallis, Interval Mapping, Multiple QTL Mapping and Genome-Wide Composite Interval Mapping. QTL analysis led to the identification of 9 QTLs distributed on linkage groups (LG) 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7. A stable QTL was identified on LG6 (22,978,897 to 24,666,094 bp) and explained up to 63% of the phenotypic variance. Within the genetic interval of the stable QTL on LG6 potential candidate genes with functional annotation encompassing cellular expansion, hormone regulation, transcriptional regulation, developmental processes such as meristem development, and responses to environmental cues were found. The results reported in this study represent the first insight into the genetic basis of PL and a step forward towards the introduction of novel traits in peach commercial breeding in order to minimize the problems related to mechanical damage/injuries to peach fruits that commonly might occur during at harvest and post-harvest processes.
Prognostic revalidation of RANO categories for extent of resection in glioblastoma: a reconstruction of individual patient data
Authors: Wach Johannes , Vychopen Martin , Güresir Erdem 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The RANO classification for glioblastoma defines resection categories based on volumetric tumor assessments, aiming to standardize outcomes related to extent of resection (EOR). This study revalidates the prognostic impact of RANO classes by reconstructing individual patient data (IPD).

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed, including three studies comprising 580 glioblastoma patients. Included studies reported or allowed conversion to RANO classes for glioblastoma resection extent, with detailed OS data and numbers at risk. Overall survival (OS) data were extracted from Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and IPD were reconstructed using Digitizelt and the R package IPDfromKM. Survival analyses were conducted using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression models.

Results
Median follow-up was 15.6 months (IQR: 10.1–28.8). Patients undergoing supramaximal resection (RANO class 1, n = 163) had the highest median OS (35.6 months; 95% CI: 30.9–40.4), significantly outperforming non-class 1 resections (median OS: 13.9 months; 95% CI: 13.0–14.7; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed superior OS for class 2a (19.0 months) over class 2b (14.1 months; p < 0.001), while class 3 and 4 resections demonstrated progressively poorer outcomes. Hazard ratios consistently favored class 1 versus all other classes (HR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.23–0.37).

Conclusions
Supramaximal (class 1) resection provides a significant survival benefit in glioblastoma, underscoring its critical role in surgical management. The RANO classification stratifies resection outcomes effectively, supporting its use as a prognostic tool. These findings advocate for resection strategies targeting maximal tumor removal.

Graphical Abstract
What Explains Country-Level Differences in Political Belief System Coherence?
Authors: Warncke Philip 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Although public opinion research has made tremendous progress in identifying the conditions under which citizens adopt coherent political beliefs, comparatively little attention has been paid to the role of national political context in shaping mass belief system coherence. Using dedicated statistical network models built from representative surveys conducted across 38 European countries between 2002 and 2020, this article demonstrates that national-level attitude systems vary substantially and systematically in overall constraint. Drawing on both a novel, network-derived measure of belief system coherence and node-level centrality metrics, this paper further shows that political systems characterized by programmatic linkages between citizens and political parties sustain far more coherent mass beliefs than those in which party-citizen interactions typically involve personal favors. Furthermore, just under one third of the belief-structuring effect of party-citizen relations is mediated by the relative centrality of citizens’ symbolic ideological attachments within national-level belief systems. Abstract ideological summary positions are not central to all belief systems, but where they are, mass beliefs tend to be more coherent overall.
(Dis)satisfaction with risk preferences
Authors: Thunström Linda , Mannberg Andrea , Gilbert Benjamin , Loewenstein George 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A common assumption of models of decision making under risk is that people choose the level of risk they deem optimal for themselves. We, however, provide novel evidence that people systematically choose risk levels that they report as unsatisfactory. Data from three surveys show that around 50 percent of participants report dissatisfaction with the level of risk they take in life overall, and that a large majority of participants are dissatisfied with their risk taking in at least some subdomain of life. Significantly, for most (although not all) domains, far more of those who express dissatisfaction with their risk taking believe they take insufficient as opposed to excessive risks. Probing mechanisms, we find that internal factors (e.g., emotions) are more important determinants of unsatisfactory risk taking than external factors (e.g., constraints). Our findings suggest that choices under risk, like choices across time, may be explained by dual process theories that incorporate both deliberation and emotions. We also find a strong negative correlation between dissatisfaction with risk taking and life satisfaction. While our data do not enable us to establish causality, this finding provides suggestive evidence that dissatisfaction with risk taking may be consequential for subjective well-being.