bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing Geology with Biology: Plate Tectonics and the Diversification of Microhylid Frogs in the Papuan Region
Authors: Hill Ethan C , Gao Diana F , Polhemus Dan A , Fraser Claire J , Iova Bulisa , Allison Allen , Butler Marguerite A 
Published: July 2023

Synopsis
Studies of the Papuan region have provided fundamental insights into the evolutionary processes generating its exceptional biodiversity, but the influence of geological processes merits further study. Lying at the junction of five tectonic plates, this region has experienced a turbulent geological history that has not only produced towering mountains allowing elevational specialization and island archipelagos with varying degrees of isolation promoting vicariance, but also active margins where land masses have collided and been subsequently rifted apart creating a mosaic of intermixed terranes with vastly different geological histories. Asterophryine frogs are a hyperdiverse clade representing half the world’s microhylid diversity (over 360 species) centered on New Guinea and its satellite islands. We show that vicariance facilitated by geological history explains this far and wide distribution of a clade that should have poor dispersal abilities. We recovered a mainland tectonic unit, the East Papua Composite Terrane (EPCT), as the center of origin for Asterophryinae and no fewer than 71 instances of what appear to be long-distance dispersal events, 29 of which are between mainland regions, with 42 from the mainland to the islands, some presently as far as 200 km away from source populations over open ocean. Furthermore, we find strong support for a “Slow and Steady” hypothesis for the formation of the northern margin of New Guinea by many separate accretion events during the Miocene, over other major geological alternatives, consistent with the 20 M year age of the clade and arrival via the EPCT. In addition, the historical biogeography of our frogs strongly supports an affiliation of the Louisiade Archipelago and Woodlark Island with the Owen Stanley Range on the EPCT, and the recent proximity of the large New Britain Island. Our results show that Asterophryinae did not have to repeatedly and independently disperse across large ocean barriers to the offshore islands, against the predictions of island biogeography theory, but that the current distribution can be explained through vicariance and short-distance oceanic dispersal as historical land connections disappeared and islands slowly became separated from each other. We show that islands have a life history, changing in distance from other land masses, with consequent opportunities for dispersal, isolation, and cladogenesis of their biotas. More broadly, we can begin to see how the geological history of the Papuan region can result in the rapid accumulation and staggering number of extant species.
Microbiology of street food: understanding risks to improve safety
Authors: Andrade Anderson Assunção , Paiva Aline Dias , Machado Alessandra Barbosa Ferreira 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Street foods play important socioeconomic and cultural roles and are popular worldwide. In addition to providing convenient and low-cost meals for urban populations, street food offers an essential source of income for vendors, especially women, and it can reflect traditional local culture, which is an important attraction for tourists. Despite these benefits, the microbiological safety of street food has become a worldwide concern because it is often prepared and sold under inadequate safety conditions, without legal control and sanitary surveillance. Consequently, high counts of fecal indicator bacteria and several foodborne pathogens have been detected in street foods. This review provides insight into the microbiology of street food, focus on the associated microbiological safety aspects and main pathogens, and the global status of this important economic activity. Furthermore, the need to apply molecular detection rather than traditional culture-based methods is discussed to better understand the actual risks of microbial infection associated with street foods. Recognition is always the first step toward addressing a problem.
Utilizing standardized nursing terminologies in implementing an AI-powered fall-prevention tool to improve patient outcomes: a multihospital study
Authors: Cho Insook , Cho Jiseon , Hong Jeong Hee , Choe Wha Suk , Shin HyeKyeong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Standardized nursing terminologies (SNTs) are necessary to ensure consistent knowledge expression and compare the effectiveness of nursing practice across settings. This study investigated whether SNTs can support semantic interoperability and outcoming tracking over time by implementing an AI-powered CDS tool for fall prevention across multiple EMR systems.

Materials and Methods
The study involved 3 tertiary academic hospitals and 1 public hospital with different EMR systems and nursing terms, and employed an AI-powered CDS tool that determines the fall risk within the next hour (prediction model) and recommends tailored care plans (CDS functions; represented by SNTs). The prediction model was mapped to local data elements and optimized using local data sets. The local nursing statements in CDS functions were mapped using an ICNP-based inpatient fall-prevention catalog. Four implementation models were compared, and patient outcomes and nursing activities were observed longitudinally at one site.

Results
The postimplementation approach was practical for disseminating the AI-powered CDS tool for nursing. The 4 hospitals successfully implemented prediction models with little performance variation; the AUROCs were 0.8051–0.9581. The nursing process data contributed markedly to fall-risk predictions. The local nursing statements on preventing falls covered 48.0%–86.7% of statements. There was no significant longitudinal decrease in the fall rate (P = .160, 95% CI = −1.21 to 0.21 per 1000 hospital days), but rates of interventions provided by nurses were notably increased.

Conclusion
SNTs contributed to achieving semantic interoperability among multiple EMR systems to disseminate AI-powered CDS tools and automatically track nursing and patient outcomes.
Sleep Problems in Pediatric Disorders of Gut–Brain Interaction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Robbertz Abigail S , Shneider Caitlin , Cohen Lindsey L , Reed Bonney 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
Disorders of gut–brain interaction (DGBIs) are common, and findings are mixed on rates of sleep problems (e.g., sleep quality) in pediatric populations. A clear understanding of sleep problems in pediatric DGBIs is needed as sleep challenges might negatively impact symptoms and prognoses. The aims of this systematic review are to (1) describe the prevalence and types of sleep problems in pediatric patients with DGBIs and examine differences by DGBI diagnosis and (2) examine the relationship among sleep problems and pain, mood, and functional outcomes in pediatric patients with DGBIs.

Methods
We searched PubMed, PsycInfo, CINAHL, and Medline in June 2022; articles were included if they enrolled ≤19 years old with a DGBI, used a quantitative assessment of sleep problems, and were available in English. The Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies was used to assess study quality. We used a protocol to systematically pull and tabulate data across articles with quality assessment ratings.

Results
Twenty-four articles with 110,864 participants across 9 countries were included, with most studies being of moderate to weak quality. Patients with DGBIs reported more sleep problems than healthy peers, and some research reviewed found that patients with IBS had more sleep problems than other DGBI diagnoses. Sleep problems in DGBIs were related to worse mood, pain, and functional outcomes.

Conclusion
Pediatric patients with DGBIs are experiencing sleep problems that can impact outcomes. Screening for sleep problems and targeted treatment is needed to best support these patients.
Spectrum of kinetic-Alfvén-wave turbulence: intermittency or tearing mediation?
Authors: Zhou Muni , Liu Zhuo , Loureiro Nuno F 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigate the spectral properties of the electromagnetic fluctuations of sub-ion scale turbulence in weakly collisional, low-beta plasmas using a two-field isothermal gyrofluid model. The numerical results strongly support a description of the turbulence as a critically balanced Kolmogorov-like cascade of kinetic Alfvén wave fluctuations, as amended by previous studies to include intermittency effects. The measured universal index of the energy spectra from systems with different flux-unfreezing mechanisms excludes the role of tearing mediation in determining the spectra. The fluctuations remain isotropic in the plane perpendicular to the strong background magnetic fields as they cascade to smaller scales, which explains the absence of tearing mediation. The calculation of high-order, multipoint structure functions of magnetic fluctuations suggests that the intermittent structures have a quasi-2D, sheet-type morphology. These results are useful for explaining recent observations of the spectrum and structure of magnetic and density fluctuations in the solar wind at sub-proton scales, and are relevant for modelling the energy dissipation in a broad range of astrophysical systems.
Closure relations of synchrotron self-compton in afterglow-stratified medium and Fermi-LAT detected gamma-ray bursts
Authors: Fraija Nissim , Dainotti Maria G , Kamenetskaia B Betancourt , Levine D , Galvan-Gamez A 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The Second Gamma-ray Burst Catalogue (2FLGC) was announced by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) Collaboration. It includes 29 bursts with photon energy higher than 10 GeV. Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow observations have been adequately explained by the classic synchrotron forward-shock model, however, photon energies greater than 10 GeV from these transient events are challenging, if not impossible, to characterize using this afterglow model. Recently, the closure relations (CRs) of the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) forward-shock model evolving in a stellar wind and homogeneous medium was presented to analyse the evolution of the spectral and temporal indexes of those bursts reported in 2FLGC. In this work, we provide the CRs of the same afterglow model, but evolving in an intermediate density profile (∝r−k) with 0 ≤ k ≤ 2.5, taking into account the adiabatic/radiative regime and with/without energy injection for any value of the electron spectral index. The results show that the current model accounts for a considerable subset of GRBs that cannot be interpreted in either stellar-wind or homogeneous afterglow SSC model. The analysis indicates that the best-stratified scenario is most consistent with k = 0.5 for no-energy injection and k = 2.5 for energy injection.
Big flares from small stars: detecting flares from faint low-mass stars with NGTS full-frame images
Authors: Jackman James A G , Wheatley Peter J , West Richard G , Gill Sam , Jenkins James S 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
High-cadence observations of high-energy stellar flares from cool and ultracool dwarfs are often limited by the faint nature of their host stars. Many low-mass sources cannot be detected in quiescence by photometric surveys, meaning they are not targeted for high-cadence observations. This reduces the chances of detecting the rarest high-energy flare events. We used the 13-s cadence full-frame images of Next-Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) to search for flares from M and L dwarfs. This included stars that were too faint to detect in quiescence. We detect 160 flares from 135 stars, with spectral types ranging from M3 to L2.5. We use our sample to study the energies, amplitudes and durations of flares from M and L dwarfs. We measure bolometric flare energies up to 4.5 × 1034 erg for ultracool dwarfs, but conclude that we have not reached a maximum limit to the energy released during white-light flares. We use our results to study the incidence rate of flares of mid- and late-M stars, not accounting for age or binarity, and find that 1.4 ± 0.4 and $9^{+16}_{-3}$ per cent of mid- and late-M stars, respectively, exhibit flares with amplitudes above 1 mag in the NGTS bandpass. Future studies with greater numbers of NGTS fields will expand upon this work.
Long-lasting activity of asteroid (248370) 2005 QN173
Authors: Ivanova Oleksandra , Licandro Javier , Moreno Fernando , Luk’yanyk Igor , Markkanen Johannes , Tomko Dušan , Husárik Marek , Cabrera-Lavers Antonio , Popescu Marcel , Shablovinskaya Elena , Shubina Olena 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the results of observations of asteroid (248370) QN173 obtained during July 2021–January 2022 with three telescopes. Our analysis revealed the presence of the dust tail for about half of a year. The direct images of the asteroid were obtained with broad-band filters. No emissions were revealed in the spectra, and the spectrum of the asteroid closely matched that of a C-type asteroid. Created colour and linear polarization variations along the tail were analysed. The asteroid demonstrated a redder colour compared to the Sun. Dramatic changes in dust productivity obtained in different filters were not detected. The g − r colour changes from 0.2m to 0.7m over the coma, and the linear polarization degree varies from about 1.2 per cent to 0.2 per cent and from −0.2 per cent to −1.5 per cent at the phase angle of 23.2° and 8.16°. The total dust mass ejected until the latest observation on October 10 is 4.2 × 107 kg, with a maximum rate of 2.6 kg s−1 based on the Monte Carlo modelling of the dust tail. The estimated asteroid size is 1.3 km. It is shown that large particles are concentrated around the nucleus, whereas smaller ones dominate in the tail. The evolution of (248370) QN173 orbit and the orbits of the sample of the 464 short-periodic comets were followed. Ten of them approached the asteroid’s orbit. These objects are not genetically related, despite very close distance of their orbits for a relatively long time.
Revised orbits of the two nearest Jupiters
Authors: Feng Fabo , Butler R Paul , Vogt Steven S , Holden Bradford , Rui Yicheng 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
With its near-to-mid-infrared high-contrast imaging capabilities, JWST is ushering us into a golden age of directly imaging Jupiter-like planets. As the two closest cold Jupiters, ε Ind A b and ε Eridani b have sufficiently wide orbits and adequate infrared emissions to be detected by JWST. To detect more Jupiter-like planets for direct imaging, we develop a gost-based method to analyse radial velocity data and multiple Gaia data releases simultaneously. Without approximating instantaneous astrometry by catalogue astrometry, this approach enables the use of multiple Gaia data releases for detection of both short-period and long-period planets. We determine a mass of $2.96_{-0.38}^{+0.41}$ MJup and a period of $42.92_{-4.09}^{+6.38}$ yr for ε Ind A b. We also find a mass of $0.76_{-0.11}^{+0.14}$ MJup , a period of $7.36_{-0.05}^{+0.04}$ yr, and an eccentricity of 0.26$_{-0.04}^{+0.04}$ MJup, for ε Eridani b. The eccentricity differs from that given by some previous solutions, probably due to the sensitivity of orbital eccentricity to noise modelling. Our work refines the constraints on orbits and masses of the two nearest Jupiters and demonstrate the feasibility of using multiple Gaia data releases to constrain Jupiter-like planets.
How difficult is it to interpret subjective well-being questions during crises? Evidence from the onset of conflict in Yemen
Authors: Tandon Sharad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Subjective well-being (SWB) measures, such as satisfaction with income, are increasingly being used to measure changes in well-being in response to policy changes and shocks. However, large policy changes or shocks themselves might cause individuals to change how they answer SWB questions in ways that have little to do with changes in objective well-being measures. For example, respondent-specific scales that individuals use to respond to SWB questions (e.g. threshold of income required to be satisfied) might change at the same time that income is changing following a shock. We illustrate the importance of this concern following the onset of conflict in Yemen, where households reported a large improvement in SWB across a range of different dimensions despite large declines in nearly all traditional and objective measures of well-being.
Improving the Regional Innovation Scoreboard for policy: how about innovation efficiency?
Authors: Teirlinck Peter , Spithoven André 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to improve the Regional Innovation Scoreboard as an instrument for policy-making. Dynamic slack–based models of data envelopment analysis to measure innovation output efficiency in 207 European regions demonstrate that the scale-based performance classification of the Scoreboard into ‘leader’, ‘strong’, ‘moderate’, and ‘modest’ innovator regions inadequately reflects differences in efficiency in transforming knowledge inputs into innovation outputs. We reveal a non-monotonic relation between scale-based and efficiency-based performance and substantial heterogeneity among the reasons for inefficiency among regions within each of the four scale-based performance classes of regions. Our findings argue for an extension of the current scale-based use of the Scoreboard by adding an efficiency-based measurement of the innovation process. Doing so addresses the tendency in policy design towards an increased focus on the efficient use of scarce resources in place-based policy approaches and strengthens the application of the Scoreboard as an informative decision-making tool.
Malignant Proliferating Pilar Tumor
Authors: Moran Jakob M.T. , DeSimone Mia S. , Mariño-Enríquez Adrián , Russell-Goldman Eleanor E. , Fletcher Christopher D.M. , Mochel Mark C. , Hoang Mai P. 
Published: July 2023

Proliferating pilar tumors are rare neoplasms that differentiate toward the outer sheath near the isthmus and can rarely undergo malignant transformation. We performed histopathologic evaluation on 26 benign proliferating pilar tumor (BPPT) and 17 malignant proliferating pilar tumor (MPPT). Ki-67 and p53 immunostains were performed on 13 BPPT and 10 MPPT. Six MPPT cases were successfully analyzed by a next-generation sequencing platform which surveyed exonic DNA sequences of 447 cancer genes and 191 regions across 60 genes for rearrangement detection. Patient demographics and clinical characteristics were similar between the BPPT and MPPT groups. Follow-up data of 16 of 17 MPPT (median, 25 mo) showed metastasis in 1 MPPT. The histologic features associated with MPPT include size >2.5 cm, adjacent desmoplastic stroma, small nests or cords of atypical epithelium in surrounding stroma, irregular infiltration or borders, abnormal keratinization, large hyperchromatic nuclei, prominent nucleoli, severe cytologic atypia, nuclear pleomorphism, necrosis, and increased mitotic figures. MPPT harbors copy number gains of 15q and losses of 6p and 6q, findings previously reported in BPPT. However, MPPT harbors frequent TP53 mutations as molecular markers of progression. Different from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, MPPT more frequently demonstrates low tumor mutational burden and typically lacks a UV signature, suggestive of a different etiologic pathway than squamous cell carcinoma. In summary, with a median follow-up of 25 months, this study shows that MPPT is a biologically indolent carcinoma with rare metastasis. Molecular analyses suggest a non–UV-related pathogenesis with frequent TP53 aberration.
Disease exacerbation by fibroblast inclusion in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy MYOrganoids reveals limitations of microdystrophin therapeutic efficacy
Authors: Palmieri Laura , Pili Louna , Jaber Abbass , Hong Ai Vu , Marcello Matteo , El-Khoury Riyad , Brochier Guy , Bigot Anne , Israeli David , Richard Isabelle , Albini Sonia 
Published: July 2023

SUMMARYCurrent gene therapy approaches for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) using AAV-mediated delivery of microdystrophin (µDys) have shown limited efficacy in patients, contrasting with the favorable outcomes observed in animal models. This discrepancy is partly due to the lack of models that replicate key pathogenic features associated with the severity of the human disease, such as fibrosis and muscle dysfunction. To tackle the translational gap, we develop a human disease model that recapitulates these critical hallmarks of DMD for a more predictive therapeutic investigation. Using a muscle engineering approach, we generate MYOrganoids from iPSC-derived muscle cells co-cultured with fibroblasts that enable functional maturation for muscle force analysis upon contractions. Incorporation of DMD fibroblasts within DMD iPSC-derived muscle cells allows phenotypic exacerbation by unraveling of fibrotic signature and fatiguability through cell-contact-dependent communication. Although µDys gene transfer partially restores muscle resistance, it fails to fully restore membrane stability and reduce profibrotic signaling. These findings highlight the persistence of fibrotic activity post-gene therapy in our human DMD system, an unparalleled aspect in existing DMD models, and provide the opportunity to explore the underlying mechanisms of dysregulated cellular communication to identify anti-fibrotic strategies empowering gene therapy efficacy.
Chronic BCR signaling generates and maintains age-associated B cells from anergic B cells
Authors: Imabayashi Keisuke , Yada Yutaro , Ushijima Miho , Yoshimura Motoki , Iwasaki Takeshi , Akashi Koichi , Niiro Hiroaki , Baba Yoshihiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccumulation of age-associated B cells (ABCs) with autoreactive properties contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases1–5. However, the mechanisms whereby ABCs are generated and maintained are not understood1, 2, 4. Here, we show that continuous stimulation of the B-cell receptor (BCR) with self-antigens plays a crucial role in ABC generation from anergic B cells and that this signal is vital for sustaining ABCs during aging and autoimmunity. In ABCs, BCR signaling was constitutively activated and the surface BCR was internalizedin vivo, as occurs in autoreactive B cells chronically exposed to self-antigens6. With aging, ABCs were generated from autoreactive anergic B cells, but not from B cells expressing non-self-reactive BCR.In vitrostimulation of anergic B cells with self-antigen, interleukin-21, and Toll-like receptor 7/9 agonists promoted their differentiation to ABCs. Furthermore, the cellular phenotype of ABCs in Bm12-induced lupus mice7, 8resembled that of ABCs in aged mice, showing activation of BCR signaling, expression of activation markers, and BCR internalization. Importantly, Btk was persistently activated in ABCs of aged/autoimmune mice and humans with lupus. Pharmacological Btk inhibition resulted in a marked reduction in the number of ABCs and pathogenicity in lupus mice. Our findings have implications for accumulating ABCs and developing therapies for autoimmune diseases.