bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un défi majeur : penser la description ethnographique
Authors: Laplantine François 
Published: April 2023

La description ethnographique (littéralement l’écriture de la culture), sans laquelle il n’y a pas d’anthropologie possible est une activité indistinctement linguistique et visuelle, on pourrait presque dire, comme Marcel Duchamp le disait de la peinture, une « activité rétinienne ». Attentive au détail — et aux détails du détail — elle s’organise à partir d’une expérience du voir qui tente d’élaborer un savoir (l’anthropologie) qui sans cesse fait retour au voir.
Mais elle ne consiste pas seulement à voir, mais à faire voir, c’est-à-dire à écrire ce que l’on a vu et qui maintenant n’est plus. L’ethnographie comme écriture de la différence est une écriture différée qui ne saurait s’accommoder d’une indifférence (=sans différence) linguistique, mais est au contraire appelée à la mise en oeuvre des ressources syntaxiques et lexicales de la langue. Il s’agit de faire voir avec des mots, lesquels ne peuvent être interchangeables, tout particulièrement lorsque l’on se donne pour objectif de rendre compte de la manière la plus minutieuse et différenciée possible de la spécificité des situations, chaque fois inédites, à laquelle on est confronté.
La rationalité explicative qui s’élabore dans un processus de substitution de l’invisible (concept) au visible (sensations) et du général au particulier est aujourd’hui l’objet d’un scepticisme croissant, et il n’est pas impossible que la description ethnographique qui, elle, s’en tient au voir et est à la recherche de l’écriture de ce qui particularise, connaisse un regain d’actualité. Mais cette activité, dont cette conférence montrera qu’elle ne peut être considérée comme subalterne (une espèce de « degré zéro de la connaissance ») n’a paradoxalement jamais été pensée comme telle par les anthropologues qui pourtant la tiennent pour la catégorie principale de notre discipline.
La difficulté vient du fait que la description ethnographique non seulement ne dissocie pas l’étude de la culture (ethnos) de la question de l’écriture (graphê), mais fait précisément de leur relation sa spécificité. Procédant à la transformation du regard en langage, elle suppose, si nous voulons la comprendre, que nous nous interrogions sur les rapports du visible au dicible ou plus exactement au lisible. L’ethnographie, c’est de la réalité sociale devenue langage, et qui s’inscrit dans un réseau d’intertextualité : l’anthropologie, qui entretient un rapport nécessaire avec du déjà dit et du déjà écrit. Quelles sont dans ces conditions les relations entre la réalité sociale et la réalité textuelle ? Comment se construit non seulement la société comme texte, mais la société du texte?
La dimension cognitive du rapport aux médecines parallèles
Authors: Baril Gérard 
Published: April 2023

La recherche dont il est fait état dans cet article s’appuie sur le postulat selon lequel la confrontation des acteurs à des choix pratiques favorise l’observation des attitudes et des représentations qui y sont associées. Ainsi, les choix pratiques des Québécois à l’égard de diverses options thérapeutiques délimitent le champ des observations et, dans ce cadre, le clivage entre « médecine scientifique » et « médecines parallèles » est utilisé comme analyseur permettant de mettre au jour des conduites, des attitudes et des représentations, en somme, une démarche cognitive à travers laquelle transparaît un rapport au savoir, et en particulier à la science.
Le rêve et la science : Henry Deutsch de la Meurthe, Icare et la musique aéronautique en France avant la Première Guerre mondiale
Authors: Lazzaro Federico , Leduc Marie-Pier 
Published: April 2023

En 1911, un Gala à l’honneur de l’aviation française est organisé à l’Opéra de Paris, avec comme oeuvre centraleIcare, une « épopée lyrique » composée par Henry Deutsch de la Meurthe. Magnat du pétrole, grand mécène aéronautique et musical ainsi que compositeur, Deutsch de la Meurthe est une figure tout à fait singulière qui lie le monde des technologies industrielles, les cercles sportifs et le milieu musical français du début du XXe siècle. Cet article propose d’étudierIcareen situant l’opéra à la fois dans l’histoire culturelle et musicale de l’essor de l’aviation française et dans la production musicale de Deutsch de la Meurthe. Le portrait qui s’en dégage permet en outre de remettre en question l’affirmation proclamée par les futuristes que l’opéraL’aviatore Dro(1915) de Francesco Balilla Pratella serait le premier opéra à sujet aéronautique.
Le colonialisme, le postcolonialisme et le féminisme : un discours féministe en Afrique francophone subsaharienne
Authors: Mianda Gertrude 
Published: April 2023

L’auteure offre un texte qui souligne l’édification du discours féministe dans l’Afrique francophone subsaharienne postcoloniale. En partant des premières publications subversives produites par les Africaines sur la condition sociale des femmes, elle fait ressortir leur apport aux études féministes.
Deux essais, La parole aux négresses d’Awa Thiam (1978) et Lettre d’une Africaine à ses soeurs occidentales de Calixte Beyala (1995), ainsi que deux romans, Une si longue lettre de Mariama Bâ (1979) et Elle sera de jaspe et de corail. Journal d’une misovire de WereWere Liking (1983), servent de grille d’entrée afin de suivre dans sa trajectoire la construction de ce discours féministe africain. Ainsi, l’exploration de ces quatre ouvrages permet de rendre visible et audible la contribution invisibilisée des Africaines à la francophonie féministe blanche dominante. Par ailleurs, l’auteure montre que le discours féministe africain, dans sa formulation, est résistant à l’égard de certains principes du féminisme blanc dominant.
Le regard de tous et le sang d’un seul : les foules des exécutions publiques dans le roman historique du premier xixe siècle
Authors: Tilliette Marie-Agathe 
Published: April 2023

Dans le roman historique de la première moitié du XIXe siècle, la description d’une exécution publique est un paradigmatique marqueur temporel, qui crée un efficace « effet de passé ». Cependant, grâce à l’étude d’un corpus mêlant deux romans canoniques, Cinq-Mars (1826) d’Alfred de Vigny et Notre-Dame de Paris (1831) de Victor Hugo, et deux romans dont le succès n’a pas dépassé le XIXe siècle, Raoul (1826) de G. de la Baume ou La Cour des miracles (1832) de Théophile Dinocourt, cet article montre que de telles scènes permettent également de confronter le lectorat à des problématiques qui lui sont contemporaines : les enjeux esthétiques de la représentation des foules assistant aux supplices (représenter simultanément la multiplicité des individus et l’unicité de la foule, faire entendre les voix singulières ou collectives, etc.) impliquent un discours ambigu sur le lien entre foule et violence, ainsi qu’une réflexion sur les mécanismes de formation et d’action de la foule, qui anticipe à sa manière la mise en forme de la « psychologie des foules » à la fin du siècle.
An investigation of the saving‐enhanced memory effect: The role of test order and list saving
Authors: Tsai Pei‐Chun , Sachdeva Chhavi , Gilbert Sam J. , Scarampi Chiara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSaving information onto external resources can improve memory for subsequent information—a phenomenon known as the saving‐enhanced memory effect. This article reports two preregistered online experiments investigating (A) whether this effect holds when to‐be‐remembered information is presented before the saved information and (B) whether people choose the most advantageous strategy when given free choice of which information to save. Participants studied two lists of words; test order and whether and which list was saved (and re‐presented again later) were manipulated. The saving‐enhanced memory effect was only found when the first list (List A) was saved and tested after the second list (List B). When free to choose which list to save, participants preferred to save List A, but only when it was recalled after List B—that is, when it benefited memory. These findings suggest boundary conditions for the saving‐enhanced memory effect and that people offload the most profitable information.
Grain Morphology and Microstructure Control in High‐Stable Ni‐Rich Layered Oxide Cathodes
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhu Baofu , Xiao Dongdong , Zhang Xu , Wang Boya , Li Haifeng , Wu Tianhao , Liu Shiqi , Yu Haijun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNi‐rich layered oxides are promising cathode material for high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, they suffer from poor capacity retention due to unstable structures. Herein, a strategy of high‐valence W doping is put forward to tune the nanometer‐sized crystal domains and reshape the primary particle textures, which can stabilize the structure against the formation of microcracks to improve the electrochemical performance. The Ni‐rich layered oxide with 0.5 mol% doped W delivers a high‐capacity retention of 91.6% up to 300 cycles under 1 C. Such an improved performance is ascribed to the pre‐introduced nanometer‐sized spinel and rock‐salt crystal domains, which remarkably improve the structure stability, and the radially alignment of primary particles, and effectively reduce the anisotropic mechanical strain in deep charge states. This study sheds light on the design of high‐performance Co‐less Ni‐rich cathode materials through the adjustment of microstructures via a small amount of suitable dopants.
In Situ Derived Mixed Ion/Electron Conducting Layer on Top of a Functional Separator for High‐Performance, Dendrite‐Free Rechargeable Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Yan Min , Wang Chen‐Yang , Fan Min , Zhang Yuying , Xin Sen , Yue Junpei , Zeng Xian‐Xiang , Liang Jia‐Yan , Song Yue‐Xian , Yin Ya‐Xia , Wen Rui , Liu Zhitian , Wan Li‐Jun , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRechargeable lithium‐metal batteries (RLBs), which employ the Li‐metal anode to acquire notably boosted specific energy at cell level, represent the “Holy Grail” for “beyond Li‐ion” electrochemical energy storage technology. Currently, the practical use of RLBs is impeded by poor cycling and safety performance, which are derived from high chemical reactivity of metallic Li and uncontrollable formation and propagation of metal dendrites during repeated Li plating/stripping. In this study, a new strategy is demonstrated to stabilize the anode electrochemistry of RLBs by applying a Mg3N2‐decorated functional separator onto the Li‐metal surface. An in situ conversion‐alloying reaction occurring at Li‐separator interface assists formation of a mixed ion/electron conducting layer that consists mainly of Li3N and Li‐Mg solid‐solution. The inorganic interlayer effectively suppresses parasitic reactions at Li‐electrolyte interface while simultaneously homogenizes Li+/e‐ flux across the interface and therefore, contributes to dendrite‐free operation of Li‐metal anode. A Li||LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 battery based on the functional separator delivers a reversible capacity of 129 mAh g‐1 after 600 cycles at 0.5 C, which corresponds to a capacity retention of 75.9%. The preparation of functional separator is scalable and adaptive to battery manufacture, which brings new opportunities to realize high‐energy RLBs with long cycle life and improved safety.
Sufficient Utilization of Mn2+/Mn3+/Mn4+ Redox in NASICON Phosphate Cathodes towards High‐Energy Na‐Ions Batteries
Authors: Xu Chunliu , Hua Weibo , Zhang Qinghua , Liu Yuan , Dang Rongbin , Xiao Ruijuan , Wang Jin , Chen Zhao , Ding Feixiang , Guo Xiaodong , Yang Chao , Yang Liangrong , Zhao Junmei , Hu Yong‐Sheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNa superionic conductor of Na3MnTi(PO4)3 only containing high earth‐abundance elements is regarded as one of the most promising cathodes for the applicable Na‐ion batteries due to its desirable cycling stability and high safety. However, the voltage hysteresis caused by Mn2+ ions resided in Na+ vacancies has led to significant capacity loss associated with Mn reaction centers between 2.5–4.2 V. Herein, the sodium excess strategy based on charge compensation is applied to suppress the undesirable voltage hysteresis, thereby achieving sufficient utilization of the Mn2+/Mn3+ and Mn3+/Mn4+ redox couples. These findings indicate that the sodium excess Na3.5MnTi0.5Ti0.5(PO4)3 cathode with Ti4+ reduction has a lowest Mn2+ occupation on the Na+ vacancies in its initial composition, which can improve the kinetics properties, finally contributing to a suppressed voltage hysteresis. Based on these findings, it is further applied the sodium excess route on a Mn‐richer phosphate cathode, which enables the suppressed voltage hysteresis and more reversible capacity. Consequently, this developed Na3.6Mn1.15Ti0.85(PO4)3 cathode achieved a high energy density over 380 Wh kg−1 (based on active substance mass of cathode) in full‐cell configurations, which is not only superior to most of the phosphate cathodes, but also delivers more application potential than the typical oxides cathodes for Na‐ion batteries.
A Bioinspired Plasmonic Nanocomposite Actuator Sunlight‐Driven by a Photothermal‐Hygroscopic Effect for Sustainable Soft Robotics
Authors: Mariani Stefano , Cecchini Luca , Mondini Alessio , Del Dottore Emanuela , Ronzan Marilena , Filippeschi Carlo , Pugno Nicola Maria , Sinibaldi Edoardo , Mazzolai Barbara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCombined photothermal‐hygroscopic effects enable novel materials actuation strategies based on renewable and sustainable energy sources such as sunlight. Plasmonic nanoparticles have gained considerable interest as photothermal agents, however, the employment in sunlight‐driven photothermal‐hygroscopic actuators is still bounded, mainly due to the limited absorbance once integrated into nanocomposite actuators and the restricted plasmonic peaks amplitude (compared to the solar spectrum). Herein, the design and fabrication of an AgNPs‐based plasmonic photothermal‐hygroscopic actuator integrated with printed cellulose tracks are reported (bioinspired to Geraniaceae seeds structures). The nanocomposite is actuated by sunlight power density (i.e., 1 Sun = 100 mW cm−2). The plasmonic AgNPs are in situ synthesized on the PDMS surface through a one‐step and efficient fluoride‐assisted synthesis (surface coverage ≈40%). The nanocomposite has a broadband absorbance in the VIS range (>1) and a Photothermal Conversion Efficiency ≈40%. The actuator is designed exploiting a mechanical model that predicted the curvature and forces, featuring a ≈6.8 ± 0.3 s response time, associated with a ≈43% change in curvature and a 0.76 ± 0.02 mN force under 1 Sun irradiation. The plasmonic nanocomposite actuator can be used for multiple tasks, as hinted through illustrative soft robotics demonstrators, thus fostering a bioinspired approach to developing embodied energy systems driven by sunlight.
Recent Progresses in Machine Learning Assisted Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Qi Yaping , Hu Dan , Jiang Yucheng , Wu Zhenping , Zheng Ming , Chen Esther Xinyi , Liang Yong , Sadi Mohammad A. , Zhang Kang , Chen Yong P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the development of Raman spectroscopy and the expansion of its application domains, conventional methods for spectral data analysis have manifested many limitations. Exploring new approaches to facilitate Raman spectroscopy and analysis has become an area of intensifying focus for research. It has been demonstrated that machine learning techniques can more efficiently extract valuable information from spectral data, creating unprecedented opportunities for analytical science. This paper outlines traditional and more recently developed statistical methods that are commonly used in machine learning (ML) and ML‐algorithms for different Raman spectroscopy‐based classification and recognition applications. The methods include Principal Component Analysis, K‐Nearest Neighbor, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine, as well as neural network‐based deep learning algorithms such as Artificial Neural Networks, Convolutional Neural Networks, etc. The bulk of the review is dedicated to the research advances in machine learning applied to Raman spectroscopy from several fields, including material science, biomedical applications, food science, and others, which reached impressive levels of analytical accuracy. The combination of Raman spectroscopy and machine learning offers unprecedented opportunities to achieve high throughput and fast identification in many of these application fields. The limitations of current studies are also discussed and perspectives on future research are provided.
Biologically Inspired, Optical Waveguide with Isolation Layer Integrated Microlens Array for High‐Contrast Imaging
Authors: Zhai Yueqi , Niu Jiaqi , Liu Yusheng , Chen Xiang , Liu Jingquan , Yang Bin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe compound eyes of insects in nature provide many innovative perspectives for the development of bionic imaging devices. The construction of thousands of ommatidia favors compound eye imaging, and the close arrangement between each small eye generates a significant amount of optical crosstalk. This work reports an optical waveguide integrated with isolation‐layer microlens array (WIMLA) with high‐contrast, high‐resolution imaging inspired by the compound eyes of insects. This WIMLA is mainly fabricated by self‐written optical waveguide formed under ultraviolet exposure and the introduction of a black photoresist under the action of capillary force to achieve the effect of double isolation. The experimental results demonstrate that image contrast increases by 59.8% with double‐layer isolation and the full width at half‐maximum reduces by 27.7% in comparison with those of the MLA without any isolation layer. As a result, a more focused optical path can be confined inside the microlens for transmission. Panoramic stitching is accomplished by traversing all potential matching subimages with the edge detection and breadth‐first search algorithms. The combination of the prepared WIMLA with commercial cameras to capture faces will open up new possibilities for mobile navigation, face recognition, and medical monitoring.
Lithography‐Free Fabrication of Terahertz Chiral Metamaterials and Their Chirality Enhancement for Enantiomer Sensing
Authors: Hwang Myonghoo , Jo Semin , Baek Jae‐Woo , Lee Wonwoo , Jung Kyung‐Young , Lee Hojin , Yeom Bongjun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChiral metamaterials comprise a promising platform for advanced optoelectronic and biomedical applications. However, conventional fabrication via lithography is limited by its complexity and high cost. Herein, the lithography‐free fabrication of terahertz chiral metamaterials and their enhancement for sensing the chirality of biocrystal enantiomers is presented. Chiral Au microstrip patterns (CHAMs) in a saw‐tooth shape are fabricated by combining two‐step buckling processes and glancing‐angle deposition. Non‐superimposable geometric chirality is achieved by controlling the tilt angle between the asymmetric and biaxial strain axes and the selective area deposition of the Au layers by using the shadow effect. The manufactured chiral metamaterials show mirror‐shaped terahertz circular dichroism (TCD) signals in the range of 0.2–2.5 THz. Coupling of the induced electric and magnetic dipoles to the chiral‐shaped Au surfaces results in effective optical chirality enhancement. Finite‐difference time‐domain computational simulations reveal the homogeneous distribution of optical chirality with an absolute maximum of 2.24 in the near field. Summing the TCD signals for enantiomeric cystine biocrystals onto the chiral metamaterials shows an ≈7‐fold amplification in magnitude. This enhancement can be attributed to the synergistic effects of superchiral field enhancement and the electromagnetic resonance between the CHAMs and biocrystals.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Activation of 3‐Membered Rings: Cyclopropanes, Epoxides, Azirines and Aziridines
Authors: Yang Xiaoqun , Zhang Yi , Li Tingting , Jin Zhichao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe activations of carbonyl compounds bearing cyclopropyl, epoxyl, azirine and aziridinyl groups by N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organic catalysts are reviewed. The reactions are introduced and discussed from 3 aspects according to the activation modes involved in these transformations. A brief summary on the achievements and the remaining challenges in NHC‐catalyzed activation of cyclopropanes and their analogues is given at the end of this minireview. Our own perspectives on the future development within this highly active research field are also provided.
Anthraquinone‐Functionalized Polydiacetylene Supercapacitors
Authors: Biswas Sudipta , Shauloff Nitzan , Bisht Rajesh , Jelinek Raz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOrganic supercapacitors are considered attractive alternatives to traditional inorganic‐based charge storage devices due to their synthetic versatility, low cost, and environment‐friendliness features. Photopolymerized anthraquinone‐polydiacetylene is employed as a core component in high‐performance asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs). Specifically, interspersed polydiacetylene‐anthraquinone/polyaniline (PANI) electrodes are prepared via drop‐casting and used as cathodes in devices employing polypyrrole/reduced graphene oxide anodes using aqueous or ionic liquid electrolytes. The excellent electrochemical properties of the polydiacetylene‐anthraquinone/PANI electrodes, specifically high capacitance (specific capacitance ≈720 F g−1 at 1 A g−1), long discharge time, and cycling stability, are ascribed to the superior redox profile of the anthraquinone and ambipolar charge transport associated with the polydiacetylene framework. The asymmetric supercapacitor prepared using the polydiacetylene‐anthraquinone/PANI electrodes displays a high energy density of 36 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 995 W kg−1, underscoring possible utilization of the anthraquinone‐polydiacetylene derivative in practical energy storage devices.
Deciphering Cell–Cell Interactions with Integrative Single‐Cell Secretion Profiling
Authors: Li Linmei , Su Haoran , Ji Yahui , Zhu Fengjiao , Deng Jiu , Bai Xue , Li Huibing , Liu Xianming , Luo Yong , Lin Bingcheng , Liu Tingjiao , Lu Yao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCell–cell interactions are the fundamental behaviors to regulate cellular activities. A comprehensive evaluation of intercellular interactions requires direct profiling of various signaling behaviors simultaneously at the single‐cell level, which remains lacking. Herein, an integrative single‐cell secretion analysis platform is presented to profile different secreted factors (four proteins, three extracellular vesicles (EV) phenotypes), spatial distances, and migration information (distances and direction) simultaneously from high‐throughput paired single cells using an antibody‐barcode microchip. Applying the platform to analyze the tumor–stromal and tumor–immune interactions with the human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell lines and primary OSCC cells reveals that the initial distances between cells would determine their migratory distances and direction to approach stable organization. The cell–cell in close proximity enhances protein secretions while attenuating EV secretions. Migration has a more profound correlation with protein secretions than EV secretions, in which absolute migration distance affects protein secretions significantly but not the direction. These findings highlight the significance of spatial organization in regulating cell signaling behaviors and demonstrate that the integrative single‐cell secretion profiling platform is well‐suited for a comprehensive dissection of intercellular communication and interactions, providing new avenues for understanding cell–cell interaction biology and how different signaling behaviors coordinate within the tumor microenvironment.