bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fully passive transmitter for decoy-state quantum key distribution
Authors: Zapatero Víctor , Wang Wenyuan , Curty Marcos 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A passive quantum key distribution (QKD) transmitter generates the quantum states prescribed by a QKD protocol at random, combining a fixed quantum mechanism and a post-selection step. By circumventing the use of active optical modulators externally driven by random number generators, passive QKD transmitters offer immunity to modulator side channels and potentially enable higher frequencies of operation. Recently, the first linear optics setup suitable for passive decoy-state QKD has been proposed. In this work, we simplify the prototype and adopt sharply different approaches for BB84 polarization encoding and decoy-state parameter estimation. In particular, our scheme avoids a probabilistic post-selection step that is central to the former proposal. On top of it, we elaborate a simple and tight custom-made security analysis.
Interactions of deposited Ca with TiSe2 and TiTe2 surfaces
Authors: Starnberg H I 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The interaction of evaporated Ca with TiSe2 and TiTe2 surfaces was studied using photoelectron spectroscopy. The surfaces were held at room temperature, and the measured spectra clearly show that the deposited Ca reacted with the substrates, without formation of any Ca overlayers. For depositions on TiSe2 corresponding to less than 2 nm of Ca there were indications of an intercalation reaction taking place, with charge transfer to the TiSe2 layers, but as more Ca was added a layer-breaking reaction dominated. For the case of TiTe2 only a large Ca deposition was studied, resulting in a layer-breaking reaction very similar to that found on the TiSe2 surface for similar amounts of deposited Ca.
Floquet formulation of the dynamical Berry-phase approach to nonlinear optics in extended systems
Authors: Alliati Ignacio M , Grüning Myrta 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a Floquet scheme for the ab-initio calculation of nonlinear optical properties in extended systems. This entails a reformulation of the real-time approach based on the dynamical Berry-phase polarisation (Attaccalite and Grüning 2013 Phys. Rev. B 88 1–9) and retains the advantage of being non-perturbative in the electric field. The proposed method applies to periodically-driven Hamiltonians and makes use of this symmetry to turn a time-dependent problem into a self-consistent time-independent eigenvalue problem. We implemented this Floquet scheme at the independent particle level and compared it with the real-time approach. Our reformulation reproduces real-time-calculated 2nd and 3rd order susceptibilities for a number of bulk and two-dimensional materials, while reducing the associated computational cost by one or two orders of magnitude.
Bioinspired composites: nature’s guidance for advanced materials future
Authors: Pereira Anna Cecília do Nascimento , Titotto Silvia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Biomimetics enables the use of nature as a source of inspiration for the elaboration of high-performance materials. In this scenario, the development of bioinspired composites emerges as a promising proposal, capable of generating technological innovation in numerous areas of engineering, considering the exceptional mechanical performance of materials of this kind. That said, this review article characterizes the design principles and fundamental parameters for bioinspired composites design. In addition, the main challenges to be overcome in the development of bioinspired materials are discussed, with the presentation of some experimental studies that lead to the practical application of such principles. Future applications for this class of materials are also highlighted.
Restriction estimates for hyperbolic cone in high dimensions
Authors: Gao Zhong , Zheng Jiqiang 
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we obtain the

L
p

L^p

restriction estimates for the truncated conic surface

Σ
=

{

(

ξ
′

,

ξ
n

,
−

ξ
n

−
1

⟨

ξ
′

,
N

ξ
′

⟩
)
:
(

ξ
′

,

ξ
n

)
∈

B

n
−
1

(
0
,
1
)
×
[
1
,
2
]

}

\begin{equation*} \Sigma =\big \{(\xi ’,\xi _n,-\xi _n^{-1}\langle \xi ’,N\xi ’\rangle ): (\xi ’,\xi _n)\in B^{n-1}(0,1)\times [1,2]\big \} \end{equation*}

with

N
=

I

n
−
1
−
m

⊕
(
−

I
m

)

N=I_{n-1-m}\oplus (-I_m)

for

m
≤
⌊

n
−
3

2

⌋

m\leq \lfloor \tfrac {n-3}2\rfloor

provided

p
>

2
(
n
+
3
)

n
+
1

p>\tfrac {2(n+3)}{n+1}

. The main ingredients of the proof are the bilinear estimates of strongly separated property and a geometric distribution about caps.
Symmetry and monotonicity results for solutions of vectorial 𝑝-Stokes systems
Authors: López-Soriano Rafael , Montoro Luigi , Sciunzi Berardino 
Published: February 2023

In this paper we shall study qualitative properties of a

p
p

-Stokes type system, namely

−

Δ

p

u

=
−

d
i
v

⁡
(

|

D

u

|

p
−
2

D

u

)
=

f

(
x
,

u

)

in

Ω

,

\begin{equation*} -{\boldsymbol \Delta }_p{\boldsymbol u}=-\operatorname {\mathbf {div}}(|D{\boldsymbol u}|^{p-2}D{\boldsymbol u}) = {\boldsymbol f}(x,{\boldsymbol u}) \text { in $\Omega $}, \end{equation*}

where

Δ

p

{\boldsymbol \Delta }_p

is the

p
p

-Laplacian vectorial operator. More precisely, under suitable assumptions on the domain

Ω
\Omega

and the function

f
\boldsymbol { f}

, it is deduced that system solutions are symmetric and monotone. Our main results are derived from a vectorial version of the weak and strong comparison principles, which enable to proceed with the moving-planes technique for systems. As far as we know, these are the first qualitative kind results involving vectorial operators.
Novel Methods for Leveraging Large Cohort Studies for Qualitative and Mixed-Methods Research
Authors: Nguyen Katie Truc Nhat H , Stuart Jennifer J , Shah Aarushi H , Becene Iris A , West Madeline G , Berrill Jane , Gelaye Bizu , Borba Christina P C , Rich-Edwards Janet W 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Qualitative research methods, while rising in popularity, are still a relatively underutilized tool in public health research. Usually reserved for small samples, qualitative research techniques have the potential to enhance insights gained from large questionnaires and cohort studies, both deepening the interpretation of quantitative data and generating novel hypotheses that might otherwise be missed by standard approaches; this is especially true where exposures and outcomes are new, understudied, or rapidly changing, as in a pandemic. However, methods for the conduct of qualitative research within large samples are underdeveloped. Here, we describe a novel method of applying qualitative research methods to free-text comments collected in a large epidemiologic questionnaire. Specifically, this method includes: 1) a hierarchical system of coding through content analysis; 2) a qualitative data management application; and 3) an adaptation of Cohen’s κ and percent agreement statistics for use by a team of coders, applying multiple codes per record from a large codebook. The methods outlined in this paper may help direct future applications of qualitative and mixed methods within large cohort studies.
From Addressing Aesthetics and Soft Tissue to Visual Performance: Multifaceted Satisfaction Assessment in a Multicenter Study of Patients With Dermatochalasis
Authors: Niazi Feizollah , Foster Jill A , Nahai Foad , Nahai Farzad R , Niazi Sana , Doroodgar Farideh , Salour Soltan Hossein 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
In this study, we seek to answer the question: Does blepharoplasty for dermatochalasis alter visual performance?

Objectives
We seek to determine the impact of blepharoplasty on visual performance (refraction, contrast sensitivity, and visual field) in patients with dermatochalasis.

Methods
A total of 146 eyelids of 74 patients, 48 (64.9%) females and 26 (35.1%) males ranging from 40 to 68 years old, with dermatochalasis were analyzed prospectively. Refraction, contrast sensitivity, visual acuity, higher-order aberrations (HOAs), and mean deviation index (MDI) in the Humphrey visual field were evaluated and recorded before and at 2, 4, and 6 months after upper eyelid blepharoplasty.

Results
At the latest follow-up, uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity showed no significant differences (P &gt; .05). Patients’ contrast sensitivity increased significantly at all spatial frequencies under both conditions (P &lt; .05) except at 12 cycles per degree in the photopic condition (P = .947). Mean astigmatism significantly decreased from −1.17 ± 0.83 to −0.89 ± 0.66 postoperatively (P ≤ .001). Total HOAs decreased significantly from 0.59 ± 0.13 μm to 0.51 ± 0.09 μm (P &lt; .01) after surgery. The root mean square of the spherical aberration (P &lt; .01), vertical trefoil (P = .018), horizontal trefoil (P &lt; .01), horizontal coma (P &lt; .001), and vertical coma (P &lt; .01) decreased significantly. The MDI of the Humphrey visual field increased significantly postoperatively at all times compared with preoperatively (P &lt; .05). The Blepharoplasty Outcomes Evaluation questionnaire showed significant favorable satisfaction with visual quality indexes (P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Upper lid blepharoplasty, in addition to its aesthetic effect, is an effective intervention to promote visual function and quality of life.
Postoperative Antibiotics Following Reduction Mammaplasty Does Not Reduce Rates of Surgical Site Infection
Authors: Mookerjee Vikram G , Kammien Alexander J , Prassinos Alexandre J , Grauer Jonathan N , Butler Paris D 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
The efficacy of antibiotic utilization following reduction mammaplasty has not been well studied. Furthermore, there is a lack of data describing subgroups who are historically at high risk for surgical site infection (SSI), specifically the obese population.

Objectives
This study compares SSI rates in reduction mammaplasty patients who received postoperative courses of antibiotics with those who did not. Additional analysis was performed for the subgroup of patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2.

Methods
The 2010 to 2021 PearlDiver Mariner data set was reviewed to identify reduction mammaplasty patients. Patients were confirmed to have received perioperative antibiotics. Postoperative antibiotic use was determined based on the presence of postoperative prescriptions, and 1:1 matching was performed for those with and without postoperative antibiotics based on age and the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index. Rates of SSI, emergency department (ED) visits, and readmissions for the 90 days following surgery were recorded and compared. A subgroup analysis was performed on patients with a BMI of ≥30 kg/m2.

Results
Among patients who were confirmed to have received perioperative antibiotics, 2230 patients who also received postoperative antibiotics were identified and matched to 2230 patients who did not. Rates of SSI, ED visits, and readmission were not statistically different. A total of 218 obese patients were identified from this group and matched. Rates of SSI, ED visits, and readmission were not statistically different.

Conclusions
In the current study, no difference in SSI rates between patients who received postoperative antibiotics and those who did not was found. These observations were corroborated in the obese population. These data may assist surgeons when considering postoperative antibiotics following reduction mammaplasty.

Level of Evidence: 4
Facial Dermal Filler Injection and Vaccination: A 12-Year Review of Adverse Event Reporting and Literature Review
Authors: Sun Alexander H , Tiongco Rafael Felix P , Manahan Michele A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Following authorization of 2 COVID-19 vaccines in December 2020, media attention increased towards postvaccine adverse events (AEs) in patients with facial dermal filler injections.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to characterize vaccine-related facial dermal filler AEs by scrutinizing the FDA's Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database.

Methods
The MAUDE database was queried from January 1, 2011 to January 28, 2023 for facial dermal filler medical device reports (MDRs) discussing vaccination-related AEs. A PubMed (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) literature review on dermal filler AEs was then conducted. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics.

Results
Of 10,637 MDRs identified, 33 were included. There were 25 MDRs (75.8%) related to COVID-19 vaccination. Hyaluronic acid–based fillers were described in 31 MDRs (93.9%). AEs were mostly reported within days postinjection (n = 7, 21.2%), but ranged from immediately (n = 2, 6.1%) to months (n = 6, 18.2%) postinjection. Most AEs were reported postvaccine (n = 17, 51.5%) vs postfiller (n = 14, 42.4%). In 26 reports (78.8%), AEs occurred at the site of filler injection. Most MDRs described inflammation/swelling (n = 21, 28.0%). The literature review returned 302 articles, of which 14 were included. Only 1 article (7.1%) was published in a plastic surgery journal.

Conclusions
Although the pandemic brought attention to COVID-19 vaccine–related facial dermal filler AEs, this study shows a low incidence compared with the millions of vaccine and filler injections administered. Reactions with non–COVID-19 vaccines were also documented. Increased awareness may help providers counsel patients undergoing vaccination and dermal filler implantation.

Level of Evidence: 4
Initial Assessment of VECTRA Three-Dimensional Imaging to Accurately Simulate Breast Volume Changes in Transfeminine Patients: A Mannequin Study
Authors: Lopez Ximena , Panton Jasmine , Nagarkar Purushottam , Preston Stephanie , Abramowitz Jessica , Amirlak Bardia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Methods that aim to accurately measure and predict breast development can be utilized in gender-affirming treatment planning, patient education, and research.

Objectives
The authors sought to evaluate whether three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry accurately measures transfeminine breast volume changes on a masculine frame when simulating anticipated changes in soft tissue after gender-affirming surgical therapy. Then, we describe the innovative application of this imaging modality in a transgender patient to illustrate the potential role of 3D imaging in gender-affirming surgical care.

Methods
A 3D VECTRA scanner (Canfield, Fairfield, NJ) was used to measure anthropometric breast measurements. Postoperative changes in breast volume were simulated on a cardiopulmonary resuscitation mannequin using 450 cc MENTOR breast implants (Mentor Worldwide LLC, Irvine, CA). To demonstrate the ability of the VECTRA to accurately simulate transfeminizing augmentation in practice, we describe its use in a 30-year-old transgender female with a 2-year history of gender-affirming hormone therapy, presenting for gender-affirming surgical care.

Results
In the mannequin, mean breast volumes were 382 cc on the right (range 375-388 cc), and 360 cc on the left (range 351-366 cc). The average calculated difference in volume between the 2 sides was 22 cc (range 17-31 cc). There were no instances where the left side was calculated to be larger than the right or where the calculated size was smaller than the actual implant size.

Conclusions
The VECTRA 3D camera is a reliable and reproducible tool for preoperative assessment, surgical planning, and simulating breast volume changes after gender-affirming surgery.

Level of Evidence: 5
baseLess: lightweight detection of sequences in raw MinION data
Authors: Noordijk Ben , Nijland Reindert , Carrion Victor J , Raaijmakers Jos M , de Ridder Dick , de Lannoy Carlos 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSummaryWith its candybar form factor and low initial investment cost, the MinION brought affordable portable nucleic acid analysis within reach. However, translating the electrical signal it outputs into a sequence of bases still requires mid-tier computer hardware, which remains a caveat when aiming for deployment of many devices at once or usage in remote areas. For applications focusing on detection of a target sequence, such as infectious disease monitoring or species identification, the computational cost of analysis may be reduced by directly detecting the target sequence in the electrical signal instead. Here, we present baseLess, a computational tool that enables such target-detection-only analysis. BaseLess makes use of an array of small neural networks, each of which efficiently detects a fixed-size subsequence of the target sequence directly from the electrical signal. We show that baseLess can accurately determine the identity of reads between three closely related fish species and can classify sequences in mixtures of 20 bacterial species, on an inexpensive single-board computer.Availability and implementationbaseLess and all code used in data preparation and validation are available on Github at https://github.com/cvdelannoy/baseLess, under an MIT license. Used validation data and scripts can be found at https://doi.org/10.4121/20261392, under an MIT license.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Using graph neural networks for site-of-metabolism prediction and its applications to ranking promiscuous enzymatic products
Authors: Porokhin Vladimir , Liu Li-Ping , Hassoun Soha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMotivationWhile traditionally utilized for identifying site-specific metabolic activity within a compound to alter its interaction with a metabolizing enzyme, predicting the site-of-metabolism (SOM) is essential in analyzing the promiscuity of enzymes on substrates. The successful prediction of SOMs and the relevant promiscuous products has a wide range of applications that include creating extended metabolic models (EMMs) that account for enzyme promiscuity and the construction of novel heterologous synthesis pathways. There is therefore a need to develop generalized methods that can predict molecular SOMs for a wide range of metabolizing enzymes.ResultsThis article develops a Graph Neural Network (GNN) model for the classification of an atom (or a bond) being an SOM. Our model, GNN-SOM, is trained on enzymatic interactions, available in the KEGG database, that span all enzyme commission numbers. We demonstrate that GNN-SOM consistently outperforms baseline machine learning models, when trained on all enzymes, on Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, or on non-CYP enzymes. We showcase the utility of GNN-SOM in prioritizing predicted enzymatic products due to enzyme promiscuity for two biological applications: the construction of EMMs and the construction of synthesis pathways.Availability and implementationA python implementation of the trained SOM predictor model can be found at https://github.com/HassounLab/GNN-SOM.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Areography, environmental heterogeneity and spatial models explain patterns of past and present diversity inEdraianthus(Campanulaceae)
Authors: Glasnović Peter , Fišer Živa , Jančič Matic , Balant Manica , Surina Boštjan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to shed light on distribution patterns and the relationship between species diversity and environmental heterogeneity of 17 Edraianthus taxa. We examined present and past distributions (Last Glacial Maximum) by applying ecological niche modelling. The environmental space occupied by the taxa was analysed using niche comparison methods. The results support the idea that the central and southern Dinaric Alps represent a centre of diversity and endemism in the western Balkan Peninsula. Diversity in Edraianthus is best explained by topographic (slope) and bioclimatic predictors (maximum temperature of warmest month, precipitation seasonality, precipitation of warmest quarter, precipitation of coldest quarter), suggesting that mountain areas with the most diversified relief have higher diversity. Niche modelling results suggest considerable range dynamics during the climatically unstable Quaternary. Thermophilic and lowland taxa responded with longitudinal shifts to ecologically suitable areas farther south, whereas high-mountain taxa responded mainly with elevational shifts. The greatest niche similarity is found among phylogenetically closely related taxa and among ecologically similar and often sympatric taxa. The least similarity was observed in species with marked differences in habitat elevation and in more geographically isolated species. Our results suggest that the extent of range and niche overlap varied among some taxa throughout their evolutionary history, which may have led to diversification at both allopatric and sympatric levels. The correlation between the genetic diversity of the most widespread taxon and the richness of taxa could be a consequence of past and present contacts. On the other hand, alternate periods of isolation may have favoured the emergence of taxa that are reproductively isolated and ecologically specialized.
Acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children: a clinical update on the recent outbreak with mechanistic insights
Authors: Vimalesvaran Sunitha , Verma Anita , Kyrana Eirini , Deheragoda Maesha , Dhawan Anil 
Published: February 2023

SummarySince April 2022, over 1000 children across 35 countries have developed episodes of acute hepatitis of unknown origin. At King’s College Hospital, a total of 65 children were referred with acute hepatitis of unknown etiology, with 10 of these children presenting with acute liver dysfunction leading to acute liver failure. Multiple hypotheses have been proposed and continue to be investigated worldwide. In this review, we explore the current understanding of potential aetiologies for this outbreak. We further characterize the proposed immunological mechanisms of liver injury in these cases.
Cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy for refractory massive cardiac ascites in an adult with single ventricle haemodynamics: a case report
Authors: Tsukishiro Yasue , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Masumoto Akiko , Takaya Tomofumi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiac ascites is a classical finding of right-sided heart failure, mainly caused by tricuspid valve disease and constrictive pericarditis. Refractory cardiac ascites, defined as ascites that is uncontrollable with any medication, including conventional diuretics and selective vasopressin V2 receptor antagonists, is a rare but challenging entity. Although cell-free and concentrated ascites reinfusion therapy (CART) is a therapeutic option for refractory ascites in patients with liver cirrhosis and malignancy, its efficacy in cardiac ascites has never been reported. We herein report a case of CART for refractory cardiac ascites in a patient with complex adult congenital heart disease (ACHD).Case summaryA 43-year-old Japanese female with a history of ACHD involving single ventricle haemodynamics presented with refractory massive cardiac ascites due to progressive heart failure. Because conventional therapy using diuretics could not control her cardiac ascites, abdominal paracentesis was frequently required, resulting in hypoproteinaemia. Therefore, CART was initiated once per month in addition to conventional therapies, which enabled the prevention of hypoproteinaemia and further hospitalizations except to undergo CART. In addition, it helped improve her quality of life without any complications for 6 years until she died from cardiogenic cerebral infarction at the age of 49 years.DiscussionThis case demonstrated that CART can be safely performed in patients with complex ACHD and refractory cardiac ascites due to advanced heart failure. Thus, CART may improve refractory cardiac ascites as effectively as massive ascites caused by liver cirrhosis and malignancy and lead to an improvement in the patients’ quality of life.