bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sovereign Bodies: From Turtle Island to Abya Yala
Authors: Shamash Sarah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Women’s bodies, spirits and struggles all intermingle, as underscored in a comparative, and intersectional analysis of a Brazilian and Canadian film. I put into dialogue the film Teko Haxy, Being Imperfect (2018) with the film The Body Remembers When the World Broke Open (2019). I investigate what these films communicate about their worlds; what alternative lifeways they propose; how these diverse women’s struggles interlink across ethnicities, cultures, and hemispheres. My focus is on the encounters, confrontations, and convergences between Indigenous and non-Indigenous women; between two Indigenous women from distinct class backgrounds and between intersecting Indigenous women’s struggles. Both films are representative of distinct subject positions, geo-politics, colonial processes, and cinematically divergent languages, genres, and production budgets. Nonetheless, I discuss how both films creatively make use of documentary strategies to underscore the sovereignty of Indigenous and women’s bodies as sites of power and resistance to heteropatriarchy, capitalism, and settler colonialism.
Why Is Climate Sensitivity for Solar Forcing Smaller than for an Equivalent CO2 Forcing?
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Bala Govindasamy , Seshadri Ashwin K. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Previous studies have shown that climate sensitivity, defined as the global mean surface temperature change per unit radiative forcing, is smaller for solar radiative forcing compared to an equivalent CO2 radiative forcing. We investigate the causes for this difference using the NCAR CAM4 model. The contributions to the climate feedback parameter, which is inversely related to climate sensitivity, are estimated for water vapor, lapse rate, Planck, albedo, and cloud feedbacks using the radiative kernel technique. The total feedback estimated for CO2 and solar radiative forcing from our model simulations is −1.23 and −1.45 W m−2 K−1, respectively. We find that the difference in feedback between the two cases is primarily due to differences in lapse rate, water vapor, and cloud feedbacks, which together explain 65% of the difference in total feedback. The rest comes from Planck and albedo feedbacks. The differences in feedbacks arise mainly from differences in the horizontal (meridional) structure of forcing and the consequent warming. Our study provides important insights into the effects of the meridional structure of forcing on climate feedback, which is important for evaluating global climate change from different forcing agents.

Significance Statement
An increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration or an increase in incoming solar radiation leads to a rise in the radiative budget and consequent climate warming, which is amplified by the presence of multiple climate feedbacks. These feedbacks, from changes in surface albedo, combined effect of water vapor and the vertical lapse rate of temperature, and changes in clouds, differ between solar and CO2 forcing. Using radiative kernels, this study quantifies these individual feedbacks for an equivalent radiative change caused by an increase in CO2 or incoming solar radiation, showing how the differences arise from differences in the meridional patterns of warming. In agreement with prior studies, these differences can explain the smaller efficacy of solar forcing compared to CO2 forcing.
A 440-Year Reconstruction of Heavy Precipitation in California from Blue Oak Tree Rings
Authors: Howard Ian M. , Stahle David W. , Dettinger Michael D. , Poulsen Cody , Ralph F. Martin , Torbenson Max C. A. , Gershunov Alexander 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The variability of water year precipitation and selected blue oak tree-ring chronologies in California are both dominated by heavy precipitation delivered during just a few days each year. These heavy precipitation events can spell the difference between surplus or deficit water supply and elevated flood risk. Some blue oak chronologies are highly correlated with water year precipitation (r = 0.84) but are equally well correlated (r = 0.82) with heavy precipitation totals ≥25.4 mm (1 in., ≈95th percentile of daily totals, 1949–2004). The blue oak correlation with nonheavy daily totals is much weaker (<25.4 mm; r = 0.55). Consequently, some blue oak chronologies represent selective proxies for the temporal and spatial variability of heavy precipitation totals and are used to reconstruct the amount and number of days with heavy precipitation in northern California from 1582 to 2021. Instrumental and reconstructed heavy precipitation totals are strongly correlated with gridded atmospheric river–related precipitation over the western United States, especially in central California. Spectral analysis indicates that instrumental heavy precipitation totals may be dominated by high-frequency variability and the nonheavy totals by low-frequency variance. The reconstruction of heavy precipitation is coherent with instrumental heavy totals across the frequency domain and include concentrations of variance at ENSO and biennial frequencies. Return period analyses calculated using instrumental heavy precipitation totals are representative of the return periods in the blue oak reconstruction despite the large differences in series length. Decadal surges in the amount, frequency, and interannual volatility of heavy precipitation totals are reconstructed, likely reflecting episodes of elevated atmospheric river activity in the past.

Significance Statement
Tree-ring chronologies of blue oak are highly correlated with precipitation delivered to northern California during just the heaviest days of precipitation each year. The reconstruction of heavy precipitation indicates decadal episodes with a high frequency of extreme precipitation. These episodes of frequent heavy precipitation likely arose because of elevated atmospheric river activity and are relevant to the analysis of water supply and flood hazard in California.
How Can the Trust-Change Direction be Measured and Identified During Takeover Transitions in Conditionally Automated Driving? Using Physiological Responses and Takeover-Related Factors
Authors: Yi Binlin , Cao Haotian , Song Xiaolin , Wang Jianqiang , Zhao Song , Guo Wenfeng , Cao Dongpu 
Published: January 2023

Objective This paper proposes an objective method to measure and identify trust-change directions during takeover transitions (TTs) in conditionally automated vehicles (AVs). Background Takeover requests (TORs) will be recurring events in conditionally automated driving that could undermine trust, and then lead to inappropriate reliance on conditionally AVs, such as misuse and disuse. Method 34 drivers engaged in the non-driving-related task were involved in a sequence of takeover events in a driving simulator. The relationships and effects between drivers’ physiological responses, takeover-related factors, and trust-change directions during TTs were explored by the combination of an unsupervised learning algorithm and statistical analyses. Furthermore, different typical machine learning methods were applied to establish recognition models of trust-change directions during TTs based on takeover-related factors and physiological parameters. Result Combining the change values in the subjective trust rating and monitoring behavior before and after takeover can reliably measure trust-change directions during TTs. The statistical analysis results showed that physiological parameters (i.e., skin conductance and heart rate) during TTs are negatively linked with the trust-change directions. And drivers were more likely to increase trust during TTs when they were in longer TOR lead time, with more takeover frequencies, and dealing with the stationary vehicle scenario. More importantly, the F1-score of the random forest (RF) model is nearly 77.3%. Conclusion The features investigated and the RF model developed can identify trust-change directions during TTs accurately. Application Those findings can provide additional support for developing trust monitoring systems to mitigate both drivers’ overtrust and undertrust in conditionally AVs.
Rapid desensitization through immunoadsorption during cardiopulmonary bypass. A novel method to facilitate human leukocyte antigen incompatible heart transplantation
Authors: Issitt Richard W , Cudworth Eamonn , Cortina-Borja Mario , Gupta Arun , Kallon Delordson , Crook Richard , Shaw Michael , Robertson Alex , Tsang Victor T , Henwood Sophie , Muthurangu Vivek , Sebire Neil J , Burch Michael , Fenton Matthew 
Published: January 2023

Background Anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-antibody production represents a major barrier to heart transplantation, limiting recipient compatibility with potential donors and increasing the risk of complications with poor waiting-list outcomes. Currently there is no consensus to when desensitization should take place, and through what mechanism, meaning that sensitized patients must wait for a compatible donor for many months, if not years. We aimed to determine if intraoperative immunoadsorption could provide a potential desensitization methodology. Methods Anti-HLA antibody-containing whole blood was added to a Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) circuit set up to mimic a 20 kg patient undergoing heart transplantation. Plasma was separated and diverted to a standalone, secondary immunoadsorption system, with antibody-depleted plasma returned to the CPB circuit. Samples for anti-HLA antibody definition were taken at baseline, when combined with the CPB prime (on bypass), and then every 20 min for the duration of treatment (total 180 min). Results A reduction in individual allele median fluorescence intensity (MFI) to below clinically relevant levels (<1000 MFI), and in the majority of cases below the lower positive detection limit (<500 MFI), even in alleles with a baseline MFI >4000 was demonstrated. Reduction occurred in all cases within 120 min, demonstrating efficacy in a time period usual for heart transplantation. Flowcytometric crossmatching of suitable pseudo-donor lymphocytes demonstrated a change from T cell and B cell positive channel shifts to negative, demonstrating a reduction in binding capacity. Conclusions Intraoperative immunoadsorption in an ex vivo setting demonstrates clinically relevant reductions in anti-HLA antibodies within the normal timeframe for heart transplantation. This method represents a potential desensitization technique that could enable sensitized children to accept a donor organ earlier, even in the presence of donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies.
Changes in Elbow Stress and Ball Velocity During Reduced Effort Pitching: A Marker-Based Motion Capture Analysis
Authors: Fiegen Anthony P. , Nezlek Stuart P. , Loushin Stacy R. , Christoffer Dan , Verhoeven Martijn , Kaufman Kenton R. , Camp Christopher L. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Baseball pitchers often participate in throwing programs that involve throwing at reduced effort levels to gradually increase the amount of stress experienced across the elbow. It is currently unknown how reduced effort pitching compares with maximum effort with respect to elbow stress and ball velocity. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to determine the correlation between elbow stress and ball velocity with reduced effort pitching. We hypothesized that decreased perceived effort would disproportionately correlate with elbow stress and ball velocity. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Ten healthy male high school baseball pitchers threw 5 pitches from a regulation pitching mound at 3 effort levels: maximum effort, 75% effort, and 50% effort. Elbow stress, specifically elbow varus torque, was calculated for all pitches using a validated marker-based 3-dimensional motion capture system. Ball velocity was measured using a Doppler radar gun. Intrathrower variability was calculated for each effort level. Results: Elbow stress and ball velocity decreased with reduced effort throws ( P < .001 and P = .003, respectively). However, the reductions in elbow stress and ball velocity were not proportional. At 75% effort throws, elbow stress measured 81% (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], 0.95), and ball velocity measured 90% (ICC, 0.80) of maximum, respectively. At 50% effort throws, elbow stress measured 75% (ICC, 0.93), and ball velocity measured 85% (ICC, 0.87) of maximum. Intrathrower reliability was excellent for elbow stress and ball velocity, with all ICCs ≥0.80. Conclusion: Pitching at a reduced effort level resulted in decreased elbow stress and ball velocity. However, for every 25% reduction in perceived effort, elbow stress decreased by a mean 13%, and ball velocity decreased 7.5%. When baseball pitchers attempt to throw at a reduced effort of maximum, throwing metrics do not decrease proportionately. Clinical Relevance: While pitching at a reduced effort of maximum decreases elbow stress and ball velocity, the decrease is not proportional, subjecting the elbow to more stress than intended. This has significant clinical importance to pitchers, coaches, and medical professionals in the setting of injury prevention and return to sports.
Basic fibroblast growth factor gel preparation induces angiogenesis during wound healing
Authors: Li Lanfang , Ma Qiuxiao , Mou Junyu , Wang Min , Ye Jingxue , Sun Guibo 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to observe the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) gel preparation on wound repair in a full-thickness skin defect rat model and to further explore its mechanism. Methods: The full-thickness skin defect model of Wistar rats was created with circular wounds of 20 mm or 10 mm in diameter on both sides of the spine. The animals were divided into the normal, model, control gel, and bFGF gel groups (300 IU/cm2). The effects of the bFGF gel on wound healing were evaluated and compared. Optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based angiography (OCTA) was used to investigate the effects of bFGF on angiogenesis during wound healing. Western blotting, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to detect the effect of the gel preparation on the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9) on the wound surface to explore the mechanism. Results: The bFGF gel significantly reduced wound area, promoted the formation of wound granulation tissue, and accelerated wound healing in the bFGF gel group on days 7 and 14, compared with the control gel group. OCTA results showed that bFGF significantly improved wound vascular density, diameter, and circumference. Western blot, PCR, and ELISA results showed that the gel preparation could promote the expression levels of MMP2, MMP9, and VEGF on the wound surface 7 and 14 days after injury. Conclusion: bFGF promotes angiogenesis in wound areas. Topical gel preparations of bFGF can be developed for use in wound repair.
Construction and Validation of a Novel Immune-Related Gene Pairs-Based Prognostic Model in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Liu Yafeng , Zhou Jiawei , Wu Jing , Zhang Xin , Guo Jianqiang , Xing Yingru , Xie Jun , Bai Ying , Hu Dong 
Published: January 2023

Object Focus on immune-related gene pairs (IRGPs) and develop a prognostic model to predict the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Methods First, the LUAD patient dataset was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and paired analysis of immune-related genes was subsequently conducted. Then, LASSO regression was used to screen prognostic IRGPs for building a risk prediction model. Meanwhile, the Gene Expression Omnibus database was used for external validation of the model. Next, the clinical predictive power of IRGPs features was assessed by uni-multivariate Cox regression analysis, the infiltration of key immune cells in high and low IRGPs risk groups was analyzed with CIBERSORT, quanTIseq, and Timer, and the key pathways enriched for IRGPs were assessed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Finally, the expression and related functions of key immune cells and genes were verified by immunofluorescence and cell experiments of tissue samples. Results It was revealed that the risk score of 19 IRGPs could be used as accurate indicators to evaluate the prognosis of LUAD patients, and the risk score was mainly related to T cell infiltration based on CIBERSORT analysis. Two genes of IRGPs, IL6, and CCL2, were found to be closely associated with the expression of PD-1/PD-L1 and the function of T-cells. Depending on the results of tissue immunofluorescence, IL6, CCL2, and T cells were highly expressed in the LUAD tissues of patients. Furthermore, IL6 and CCL2 were positively correlated with the expression of T cells. Besides, qRT-PCR assay in four different LUAD cells proved that IL6 and CCL2 were positively correlated with the expression of PD-L1 (P < .001). Conclusions Based on 19 IRGPs, an effective prognosis model was established to predict the prognosis of LUAD patients. In addition, IL6 and CCL2 are closely related to the function of T-cells.
Beyond medicalized approaches to violence and trauma: Empowering social work practice
Authors: Ross Nancy , Brown Catrina , Johnstone Marjorie 
Published: January 2023

Summary Social workers are positioned to respond to clients with a history of trauma by practicing bio-psycho-social, trauma, and violence-informed care but frequently encounter systemic barriers to providing holistic care. The research presented in this article was initiated by a College of Social Work in Canada in response to concerns raised by social work providers that their practice was constrained by ideological, structural, and system limitations within publicly funded mental health and addiction services. Ideologically trauma-based social work care is defined by five principles of safety, trust, collaboration, choice, and empowerment and recognizes that what has happened to individuals, including early adversity, can influence their bio-psycho-social functioning across the lifespan. Structurally, trauma-based care recognizes the corrosive impact of poverty, systemic discrimination, and exclusion. Findings Our research included a literature review, an online survey (n = 115 completed surveys), individual interviews (n = 50), and three focus groups (n = 15). The findings consistently highlighted a dissonance between dominant bio-medical approaches and reliance on the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Disorders and social justice–based practice. Primary themes included a recognition by social workers of the pervasive presence of trauma and its effects, including mental health and addiction challenges; intergenerational impacts of trauma; the limitations of the medical model; and the need to reposition social work practice. Applications Repositioning the role of social work within mental health and addiction settings to center social justice responses to trauma presents transformative opportunities to better meet the needs of service users and increase workplace satisfaction.
In Situ Fenestrated Thoracic Endovascular Repair Using the Upstream Peripheral Go BackTM Re-Entry Catheter
Authors: Nana Petroula , Le Houérou Thomas , Gaudin Antoine , Guihaire Julien , Fabre Dominique , Haulon Stéphan 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The aim is to present a case of in situ fenestrated thoracic endovascular repair, using a re-entry peripheral catheter, needing urgent repair due to recurrent episodes of hemoptysis because of an aorto-bronchial fistula after previous thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). Technique: A 74-year-old male with a previous TEVAR presented with hemoptysis, fever, and cachexia. An aorto-bronchial fistula and type Ia endoleak were depicted on computed tomography angiography (CTA). Due to the patient’s frail general condition, a proximal TEVAR extension was planned, prior to thoracotomy for debridement, and long-term antibiotics. An in situ fenestrated TEVAR was performed to provide proximal sealing and revascularize the left common carotid and subclavian arteries. For fenestration creation, an Upstream Peripheral Go Back catheter (Bentley, Hechingen, Germany) was used. The Go Back catheter has been approved as a re-entry tool for complex peripheral arterial revascularization. In this case, both fenestrations were successfully created. Proximal seal and target vessel patency were confirmed on CTA. Thoracotomy confirmed aortic exclusion. A wedge lobectomy was performed in combination with pediculated omentectomy to exclude the exposed endograft. Conclusion: In urgent cases, where custom-made thoracic devices are unavailable, in situ fenestrations with the Go Back catheter are an alternative to laser fenestrations. Clinical Impact Fenestrations are often required in acute TEVAR to achieve a proximal seal in the arch. In situ fenestrations with the Go Back catheter are an alternative to laser fenestrations and PMEGs in this setting.
Using Frailty Measures to Predict Functional Outcomes and Mortality After Type II Odontoid Fracture in Elderly Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hamrick Forrest A. , Sherrod Brandon A. , Cole Kyril , Cox Parker , Croci Davide M. , Bowers Christian A. , Mazur Marcus D. , Dailey Andrew T. , Bisson Erica F. 
Published: January 2023

Study Design Single-center retrospective cohort study Objectives Type II odontoid fractures occur disproportionately among elderly populations and cause significant morbidity and mortality. It is a matter of debate whether these injuries are best managed surgically or conservatively. Our goal was to identify how treatment modalities and patient characteristics correlated with functional outcome and mortality. Methods We identified adult patients (>60 years) with traumatic type II odontoid fractures. We used multivariate regression controlling for patient demographics, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, modified Frailty Index (mFI-5 and mFI-11), fracture displacement, and conservative vs operative treatment. Results Of the 59 patients (mean age 77.9 years), 24 underwent surgical intervention and 35 underwent conservative management. Operatively managed patients were younger (73.4 vs 80.6 years, P < .001) and had higher degree of fracture displacement (3.5 vs 1.0 mm, P = .002) than conservatively managed patients but no other differences in baseline characteristics. Twenty-four patients (40.7%) died within the study period (median time to death: 376 days). There were no differences between treatment groups in functional outcomes (mRS or Frankel Grade) or mortality (33.3% in operative group vs 45.7%, P = .34). There was a statistically significant correlation between higher presentation mRS score and subsequent mortality on multivariate analysis (OR = 2.06, 95% CI 1.04-4.10, P = .039), whereas surgical intervention, age, GCS score, CCI, mFI-5, mFI-11, sex, and fracture displacement were not significantly correlated. Conclusions Mortality after type II odontoid fractures in elderly patients is common. mRS score at presentation may help predict mortality more accurately than other patient factors.