bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of tannin‐containing sorghum bran addition to gluten‐free bread
Authors: Ardoin Ryan , Smith Brennan , Bean Scott , Aramouni Fadi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIngredients used to enhance sensory quality of gluten‐free (GF) bread often lack in nutrients. This presents nutritional challenges for celiac‐positive individuals and fails to meet expectations of healthfulness for non‐celiac GF consumers. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) flour can provide acceptable GF bread properties, and tannin‐containing varieties contain antioxidants concentrated in the bran along with dietary fiber. Using a central composite design, tannin‐containing sumac sorghum bran, gum (xanthan + guar), and water levels were optimized in a GF sorghum‐based bread formulation. Loaf specific volume and gas cells/cm2 were maximized while minimizing hardness and cell wall thickness. The optimum formulation containing 14.2% sorghum bran, 1% gum, and 145% water (flour basis) effectively increased dietary fiber in bread to 13.4% (considered “high fiber”) and showed oxygen radical absorbance capacity of 61.6 µmol TE/g. This optimum formulation did not differ from a sorghum flour‐based control bread in consumers’ (N = 100) liking of color, texture, flavor, overall acceptability, nor willingness to buy (WTB). All mean hedonic scores (numbered 9‐point scale) were above 5, whereas average WTB was 4.7 for the optimum formulation and 4.6 for the control (9‐point Likert scale) among consumers varying in GF bread consumption habits. Perceived bread bitterness was low (averaging 2.85 on 9‐point intensity scale), did not vary between samples despite marked differences in antioxidant capacity, and was not correlated with WTB. When utilizing effective optimization models with key functional ingredients, sumac sorghum bran addition can enhance dietary fiber and antioxidant potential in sorghum‐based GF breads without compromising quality attributes.
Production of salad dressings via the use of economically prepared cellulose nanofiber from lime residue as a functional ingredient
Authors: Hongho Charuwan , Chiewchan Naphaporn , Devahastin Sakamon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProduction of cellulose nanofiber (CNF) via the use of a more economical and less energy‐intensive means is desirable. Once formed, it is necessary to determine whether or not the prepared CNF would be capable of forming a Pickering emulsion as in the case of traditionally prepared nanofiber. In the present study, oil‐in‐water emulsions, namely, salad dressings, with CNF as a functional ingredient, were prepared. Lime residue powder as the source of dietary fiber was subject to high‐shear homogenization to form CNF suspension, which was then mixed with other ingredients. Different contents of fat (20%–40%), egg yolk (0%–4%), and lime residue powder (0%–4%) were tested. The formed CNF successfully acted as a Pickering emulsifier and allowed the production of salad dressings with desirable characteristics at 30%–40% fat, 2% egg yolk, and 2% lime residue powder. The dressings exhibited adequate physicochemical properties and remained stable throughout the storage period of 28 days.Practical ApplicationThe presently proposed means would allow the industry to produce cellulose nanofiber (CNF) in a more economical and less energy‐intensive manner. The so‐produced CNF exhibits comparable properties as traditionally prepared nanofiber and can be used as a stabilizer in food emulsions.
Nematode mitochondrial metagenomics: A new tool for biodiversity analysis
Authors: Gendron Eli M. , Sevigny Joseph L. , Byiringiro Innocent , Thomas W. Kelley , Powers Thomas O. , Porazinska Dorota L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDNA barcoding approaches have greatly increased our understanding of biodiversity on the planet, and metabarcoding is widely used for classifying members of the phylum Nematoda. However, loci typically utilized in metabarcoding studies are often unable to resolve closely related species or are unable to recover all taxa present in a sample due to inadequate PCR primer binding. Mitochondrial metagenomics (mtMG) is an alternative approach utilizing shotgun sequencing of total DNA to recover the mitochondrial genomes of all species present in samples. However, this approach requires a comprehensive reference database for identification and currently available mitochondrial sequences for nematodes are highly dominated by sequences from the order Rhabditida, and excludes many clades entirely. Here, we analysed the efficacy of mtMG for the recovery of nematode taxa and the generation of mitochondrial genomes. We first developed a curated reference database of nematode mitochondrial sequences and expanded it with 40 newly sequenced taxa. We then tested the mito‐metagenomics approach using a series of nematode mock communities consisting of morphologically identified nematode species representing various feeding traits, life stages, and phylogenetic relationships. We were able to identify all but two species through the de novo assembly of COX1 genes. We were also able to recover additional mitochondrial protein coding genes (PCGs) for 23 of the 24 detected species including a full array of 12 PCGs from five of the species. We conclude that mtMG offers a potential for the effective recovery of nematode biodiversity but remains limited by the breadth of the reference database.
Did quantitative easing reduce the borrowing costs of firms? The risk‐taking channel
Authors: Wang Gang , Shen Yi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the effect of the Federal Reserve's quantitative easing (QE) on the cost of bank loans and documents large heterogeneous effects across different firms. In QE1, the average loan spread is 22.7 percent lower compared to the non‐QE period. This effect falls in QE2 and OT and then rises in QE3 and the tapering period. The rates of riskier loans are restrained more than less risky loans during QEs as banks take more risks by offering lower rates to attract risky borrowers. The Fed mortgage‐backed securities purchases have a larger impact in narrowing the borrowing cost difference between riskier and safer loans than the Fed Treasury purchases. Our results are robust to borrower, year‐quarter and bank fixed effects. Overall, our findings support that the risk‐taking channel of QE plays a significant role in the corporate bank loan market.
Markups, organic agriculture and downstream concentration at the example of European dairy farmers
Authors: Koppenberg Maximilian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA competitive environment, highly concentrated processing and retailing sectors as well as increasing decoupling of direct payments from production volumes and the area under cultivation incentivizes farmers to find alternative ways to improve their bargaining position towards downstream companies. This article explores the possibilities of organic agriculture to enhance the bargaining power of farmers along with the role of concentration in downstream industries. Using a dataset with more than 200,000 observations from approximately 40,000 dairy farms, I estimate markups of price over marginal cost in dairy farming as a measure of market power in the EU. The results show that organic farmers achieve a significant markup premium over conventional farmers. With increasing market shares of organic milk in total milk production markups of conventional farmers diminish whereas those of organic farmers are unaffected. Farm‐level markups decrease with increasing market shares of medium‐sized dairy processors and increase with increasing market shares of large processors. The presence of large multinational retail chains shows an adverse impact on farmers’ markups.
Malignancy‐associated generalised exfoliative dermatitis: A retrospective study in a single‐centre Asian cohort
Authors: Long Valencia , Choi Ellie Ci‐En , Zhaojin Chen , Ganesegaran Timothy Sujash , Zhun Rui Mok , Yong Adeline Mei Yen , MeiQi May Liau , Tan Chris Li Xian , Chandran Nisha Suyien 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundErythroderma is an inflammatory skin condition that causes extensive erythema and skin scaling amounting ≥90% of the body surface area. This retrospective cohort study describes the prevalence of malignancy‐associated erythroderma in a single centre where there was concerted effort to systematically offer malignancy screens to all adult erythroderma patients above the age of 65 years.MethodsClinical charts were reviewed for all adult inpatients and outpatients with erythroderma who attended the National University Hospital (NUH) from 1 July 2019 to 31 December 2021. Data collected included patient demographics, clinical findings, laboratory investigations, disease‐specific investigations such as endoscopic procedures and biopsies, follow‐up duration and mortality data.ResultsSeventy‐four patients were analysed. The median age of the patients was 73 years old (interquartile range: 59–81 years old). An underlying dermatosis was the most common cause of erythroderma—63 patients having atopic dermatitis/asteatotic eczema or psoriasis. Three patients had erythroderma from drug eruptions, and 1 patient had chronic actinic dermatitis. Four patients had associated malignancies (5.4%). Half of our patients completed further evaluation for malignancy (52.7%). The rest had either declined or were eventually unable to complete the investigations. There was a higher prevalence of associated malignancy (7.8%) in elderly patients above 65 years old.ConclusionWhen compared to existing literature, our cohort reflects a higher observed occurrence of malignancy in association with erythroderma. As delays in evaluation for underlying malignancy could result in potentially deleterious outcomes, it is prudent to consider systematic screening for malignancy in high‐risk populations such as elderly erythroderma patients.
A survey of the distribution of the water rail Rallus aquaticus in Algeria and its first recorded breeding in the Algerian Sahara
Authors: Bouzid Abdelhakim , Samraoui Farrah , Samraoui Boudjéma 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany rail species' distribution and habitat requirements are poorly known. We conducted a survey of the distribution of the Water Rail Rallus aquaticus across Algeria and investigated its possible nesting in the Sahara. Between 2002 and 2008, water rails were recorded in nine sites across Algeria and were found to breed in Lake Fetzara. In 2022, the species was recorded at yet another site, El Ménia, where two nests were found to contain clutches of three and seven eggs, respectively. This is the first unequivocal record of the Water Rail breeding in the Sahara.
Postnatal corticosteroids and developmental outcomes in extremely preterm or extremely low birth weight infants: The Victorian Infant Collaborative Study 2016–17 cohort
Authors: Douglas Ellen , Hodgson Kate A. , Olsen Joy E. , Manley Brett J. , Roberts Calum T. , Josev Elisha , Anderson Peter J. , Doyle Lex W. , Davis Peter G. , Cheong Jeanie L. Y. ,   the Victorian Infant Collaborative Study Group
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimSystemic postnatal corticosteroids are used to treat or prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely preterm (EP) or extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants but are associated with long‐term harm. We aimed to assess the relationship between cumulative postnatal corticosteroid dose and neurodevelopmental outcomes.MethodsLongitudinal cohort study of all EP/ELBW livebirths in Victoria, Australia 2016–2017. Perinatal data were collected prospectively. Neurodevelopmental assessment was performed at 2 years' corrected age. Linear and logistic regression were used to determine relationships between cumulative corticosteroid dose and neurodevelopment, adjusted for gestational age, birth weight, sex and major intraventricular haemorrhage.ResultsSeventy‐six EP/ELBW infants received postnatal corticosteroids to treat or prevent BPD, 62/65 survivors were seen at 2 years. Median (IQR) cumulative postnatal corticosteroid dose was 1.36 (0.92–3.45) mg/kg dexamethasone equivalent. Higher cumulative corticosteroid dose was associated with increased odds of cerebral palsy, adjusted OR (95% CI) 1.47 (1.04, 2.07). Higher cumulative corticosteroid dose was also associated with lower cognitive and motor developmental scores, however, this weakened after adjustment for confounding variables: cognitive composite score adjusted coefficient (95% CI) −1.3 (−2.7, 0.1) and motor composite score adjusted coefficient (95% CI) −1.3 (−2.8, 0.2).ConclusionHigher cumulative postnatal corticosteroid dose in EP/ELBW infants is associated with increased odds of cerebral palsy at 2 years' corrected age. Adequately powered studies are needed to assess the independent effects of cumulative steroid dose on neurodevelopmental outcomes.
With or without you? Perceived indispensability and opposition to separatist movements
Authors: Fluit Sam , Martinović Borja , Verkuyten Maykel , Zhou Siyuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPositive intergroup relations are shown to be related to the perception that, despite mutual differences, all subgroups are indispensable for the identity or functioning of the overall society. Yet, so far, the research on identity and functional indispensability is concerned with minorities that strive for inclusion in the larger nation‐state (e.g., immigrants). In contrast, we examined the roles of identity and functional indispensability in the context of separatist movements. In Study 1 (N = 397), we found that Han Chinese' perceptions of identity and functional indispensability of Tibetans and Uyghurs were associated with higher willingness to engage in collective action against these groups' separatist movements. We replicated these findings in Study 2a and 2b among a diverse sample of the Dutch concerning the Brexit (N = 378) and Frexit (N = 279). In experimental Study 3, again among the Dutch (N = 405), we found that indispensability increased anti‐Frexit action intentions. We conclude that, in the context of separatist movements, perceived indispensability can make attitudes towards separatist movements more antagonistic. The findings contribute to a better understanding of intergroup relations when subgroups' interests clash.
Spatiotemporal regulation of maternalmRNAsduring vertebrate oocyte meiotic maturation
Authors: Jiang Yanwen , Adhikari Deepak , Li Chunjin , Zhou Xu 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTVertebrate oocytes face a particular challenge concerning the regulation of gene expression during meiotic maturation. Global transcription becomes quiescent in fully grown oocytes, remains halted throughout maturation and fertilization, and only resumes upon embryonic genome activation. Hence, the oocyte meiotic maturation process is largely regulated by protein synthesis from pre‐existing maternal messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that are transcribed and stored during oocyte growth. Rapidly developing genome‐wide techniques have greatly expanded our insights into the global translation changes and possible regulatory mechanisms during oocyte maturation. The storage, translation, and processing of maternal mRNAs are thought to be regulated by factors interacting with elements in the mRNA molecules. Additionally, posttranscriptional modifications of mRNAs, such as methylation and uridylation, have recently been demonstrated to play crucial roles in maternal mRNA destabilization. However, a comprehensive understanding of the machineries that regulate maternal mRNA fate during oocyte maturation is still lacking. In particular, how the transcripts of important cell cycle components are stabilized, recruited at the appropriate time for translation, and eliminated to modulate oocyte meiotic progression remains unclear. A better understanding of these mechanisms will provide invaluable insights for the preconditions of developmental competence acquisition, with important implications for the treatment of infertility. This review discusses how the storage, localization, translation, and processing of oocyte mRNAs are regulated, and how these contribute to oocyte maturation progression.
Associations between cortical bone‐to‐implant contact and microstructure derived from CBCT and implant primary stability
Authors: Feng Lan , Chen Haida , Chen Ziyun , Chen Yan , Gu Xinhua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the associations between the cortical bone‐to‐implant contact (CBIC), bone microstructure derived from cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT), and the primary stability of the implant.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐two patients with 65 implants were enrolled in this study. The peak insertion torque values (ITVs) were measured during implant insertion, and the implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were measured immediately after implant placement and 3 months after surgery. The profiles of the peri‐implant bone structure were outlined using the volumetric reconstruction of the CBCTs and superimposition of the virtual models, and the features of CBIC and bone microstructure parameters were measured. The linear mixed effects model and generalized estimating equation were used to explore the predictors for implant primary stability.ResultsThe average ITV, baseline, and secondary ISQ values were 31.44 ± 6.54 N·cm, 73.34 ± 7.39, and 80.32 ± 4.58, respectively. Statistically significant correlations were found between ITV and surface area of CBIC (r = .340, p = .006), bone volume fraction (r = .294, p = .017), and bone surface fraction (r = −.278, p = .039). Implants with buccolingual CBIC had a higher ITV than implants without CBIC (p = .016). None of the parameters were associated with baseline and secondary ISQ values in generalized estimating equation analysis (all p > .05).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the study, preoperative CBCT measurements might enable the prediction of ITV and therefore of implant primary stability values.
Stock market response to the statement on the purpose of a corporation: A vindication of stakeholder theory
Authors: Glambosky Mina , Jory Surendranath Rakesh , Ngo Thanh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractResearch Question/IssueOn August 19, 2019, the Business Roundtable (2019) released a statement signed by 181 chief executive officers (CEOs) of well‐known US corporations, in which they pledged “a fundamental commitment” to “deliver value to all” stakeholders. This study examines the stock market reaction to this new statement on the purpose of a corporation.Research Findings/InsightsBased on a sample of 163 publicly listed companies that signed the pledge, the results show that investors react positively to a firm's pledge in the days surrounding the statement release. The consensus among stock market investors was robust, characterized by the low volatility in the share price post‐announcement date. The decision by these companies, though intended to maximize the wealth of all stakeholders, rather than shareholders alone, carries an opportunity cost. Specifically, a post‐announcement decline in share buybacks by pledge firms relative to control firms is observed, though investors embracing stakeholder theory appear undeterred by the reduction in distributions.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsThis study provides empirical support that, in the evolving business environment, companies must emphasize issues that concern customers, employees, non‐governmental organizations (NGOs), and the government. Failure to prioritize these issues may engender public backlash, especially in the age of social media. However, the attention to stakeholders is compatible with the focus on shareholder performance. Performance suffers when customers leave, workers feel dissatisfied, NGOs call for boycotts, and governments levy fines. Corporations seeking to increase shareholder wealth will need to fully embrace stakeholder concerns.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThis study shows that adopting a stakeholder perspective unlocked value that would not have been achieved had the focus remained on shareholder primacy. The excess values may derive from greater customer loyalty, improved employee motivation, better supplier relations, supportive financiers, maximizing revenue, minimizing costs, and/or yielding higher profits. Shareholders anticipate greater long‐term value from companies emphasizing employees, communities, supply chain, financiers, and shareholders.
Single‐cell RNA sequencing: Inhibited Notch2 signalling underlying the increased lens fibre cells differentiation in high myopia
Authors: Yao Yunqian , Wei Ling , Chen Zhenhua , Li Hao , Qi Jiao , Wu Qingfeng , Zhou Xingtao , Lu Yi , Zhu Xiangjia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigh myopia is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. It promotes the overgrowth of lens, which is an important component of ocular refractive system, and increases the risks of lens surgery. While postnatal growth of lens is based on the addition of lens fibre cells (LFCs) supplemented by proliferation and differentiation of lens epithelial cells (LECs), it remains unknown how these cellular processes change in highly myopic eyes and what signalling pathways may be involved. Single‐cell RNA sequencing was performed and a total of 50,375 single cells isolated from the lens epithelium of mouse highly myopic and control eyes were analysed to uncover their underlying transcriptome atlas. The proportion of LFCs was significantly higher in highly myopic eyes. Meanwhile, Notch2 signalling was inhibited during lineage differentiation trajectory towards LFCs, while Notch2 predominant LEC cluster was significantly reduced in highly myopic eyes. In consistence, Notch2 was the top down‐regulated gene identified in highly myopic lens epithelium. Further validation experiments confirmed NOTCH2 downregulation in the lens epithelium of human and mouse highly myopic eyes. In addition, NOTCH2 knockdown in primary human and mouse LECs resulted in enhanced differentiation towards LFCs accompanied by up‐regulation of MAF and CDKN1C. These findings indicated an essential role of NOTCH2 inhibition in lens overgrowth of highly myopic eyes, suggesting a therapeutic target for future interventions.
Effects of discontinuous blue light stimulation on the electrophysiological properties of neurons lacking opsin expression in vitro: Implications for optogenetic experiments
Authors: Lightning Anistasha , Bourzeix Marie , Beurrier Corinne , Kuczewski Nicola 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNeuronal sensitivity to light stimulation can be a significant confounding factor for assays that use light to study neuronal processes, such as optogenetics and fluorescent imaging. While continuous one‐photon (1P) blue light stimulation has been shown to be responsible for a decrease in firing activity in several neuronal subtypes, discontinuous 1P blue light stimulation commonly used in optogenetic experiments is supposed to have a negligible action. In the present report, we tested experimentally this theoretical prediction by assessing the effects produced by the most commonly used patterns of discontinuous 1P light stimulation on several electrophysiological parameters in brain slices. We found that, compared with continuous stimulation, the artefactual effect of light is reduced when discontinuous stimulation is used, especially when the duty cycle and light power are low.