bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the concentration of hydrogen peroxide on the color and surface of the resin bracket
Authors: Park Su-Bin , Lee Seul , Kim Geun-Hye , Kim Seong-Eun , Ryu Ji-Min , Yang Song-Yi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the whitening effect, shear bond strength (SBS) with the enamel surface, microhardness, and microstructure of discolored resin brackets following whitening treatment with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP).
Materials and methods. Resin brackets were bonded to the enamel surface and discolored with a curry solution. Control (distilled water) and experimental solutions of 8.7, 17.5, and 35% HP were applied to the discolored resin brackets for 15 min. Resin brackets were then stored in distilled water for a week by repeating this whitening process thrice. The whitening efficacy was evaluated according to ISO 28399:2011. The SBS was measured using a universal testing machine. The microhardness and microstructure of the resin brackets were observed using a microhardness tester and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). All the results were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance analysis and Tukey’s post-hoc test (p=0.05).
Results. All the experimental groups demonstrated a significant whitening effect on the discolored resin brackets compared to the control group (p<0.05). In particular, 35% HP showed faster color changes than the other groups (p<0.05). The microhardness of the resin bracket was lower in 35% HP than in the control group (p<0.05). FE-SEM analysis revealed no significant difference between groups.
Conclusions. HP application at > 8.7% and < 17.5% concentrations whitens discolored resin brackets while not deteriorating the SBS, surface hardness, and microstructure.
Clinical relevance. Dental clinicians can safely use HP within the recommended range to achieve effective aesthetic outcomes without compromising bracket performance and durability.
Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and independent predictors of uveitic macular edema in an Asian population: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tungsattayathitthan Usanee , Jenjanya Sukanda , Choopong Pitipol , Sanphan Wilawan , Tesavibul Nattaporn , Boonsopon Sutasinee 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background: To determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and independent predictors of uveitic macular edema (UME) in patients with nonanterior uveitis.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis who underwent macular assessment using optical coherence tomography between January 2015 and February 2020. The prevalence of UME and clinical characteristics of the patients were described. Predictors of UME were identified using multivariate regression analysis.
Results: A total of 349 patients were included. The mean age was 41 years, female:male ratio was 1.3:1. The prevalence of UME was 51.9%. UME was found in 33.9%, 56.9%, and 54.1% of the intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis cases, respectively. Among patients with UME, infectious uveitis was the most common cause (47%), followed by idiopathic uveitis (32.6%) and immune-mediated uveitis (20.4%). Diffuse macular edema was the most frequently observed pattern (36.5%). Multivariate analysis showed that factors independently associated with UME included age at uveitis onset (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.03, P = 0.036), PU and panuveitis compared with intermediate uveitis (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.14-3.86, P = 0.018), and infectious uveitis compared with noninfectious uveitis (aOR 2.13, 95% CI 1.34-3.37, P = 0.001).
Conclusions: Increasing age at uveitis onset, posterior/panuveitis, and infectious etiology are predictive factors for UME in patients with nonanterior uveitis.
Rarefied gas flow in functionalized microchannels
Authors: Kunze Simon , Perrier Pierre , Groll Rodion , Besser Benjamin , Varoutis Stylianos , Lüttge Andreas , Graur Irina , Thöming Jorg 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The interaction of rarefied gases with functionalized surfaces is of great importance in technical applications such as gas separation membranes and catalysis. To investigate the influence of functionalization and rarefaction on gas flow rate in a defined geometry, pressure-driven gas flow experiments with helium and carbon dioxide through plain and alkyl-functionalized microchannels are performed. The experiments cover Knudsen numbers from 0.01 to 200 and therefore the slip flow regime up to free molecular flow. To minimize the experimental uncertainty which is prevalent in micro flow experiments, a methodology is developed to make optimal use of the measurement data. The results are compared to an analytical model predicting rarefied gas flow in straight channels and to numerical solutions of the linearized S-model and BGK kinetic equations. The experimental data shows that if there is a difference between plain and functionalized channels, it is likely obscured by experimental uncertainty. This stands in contrast to previous measurements in smaller geometries and demonstrates that the surface-to-volume ratio of 0.4 \(\mu\)m\(^{-1}\) seems to be too small for the functionalization to have a strong influence and highlights the importance of geometric scale for surface effects. These results also shed light on the molecular reflection characteristics described by the TMAC.
DNA damage repair-related gene signature can influence immune status and predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lu Yongpan , Wang Sen , Chi Tingting , Zhao Yuli , Guo Huimin , Wang Haizheng , Feng Li 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a challenge for accurate prognosis prediction. DNA damage repair genes (DDRGs) have an impact on a wide range of malignancies. However, the relevance of these genes in HCC prognosis has received little attention. In this study, we want to develop a prognostic signature that will open up novel therapy options for HCC.
Methods
We acquired mRNA expression profiles and clinical data of HCC patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. A polygenic prognostic model for HCC was constructed using selection operator Cox analysis and least absolute shrinkage. The model was validated using the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) database. Overall survival (OS) between high-risk and low-risk groups was compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Independent predictors of OS were identified through both univariate and multivariate Cox analyses. To determine immune cell infiltration scores and activity in immune-related pathways, a single-sample gene set enrichment analysis was performed. Protein expression levels of prognostic genes were compared using immunohistochemistry between HCC tissue and normal liver tissue.
Results
A DDRGs signature model was developed using LASSO Cox regression analysis. Patients in the high-risk group had worse overall survival compared to the low-risk group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed the prognostic gene’s predictive ability. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the risk score is an independent predictor of OS. Functional analysis revealed a strong association with cell cycle and antigen binding pathways, and the risk score was highly correlated with tumor grade, tumor stage, and types of immune infiltrate. High expression levels of prognostic genes were significantly correlated with increased sensitivity of cancer cells to anti-tumor drugs. Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that, except for NEIL3, the other 9 genes were highly expressed in HCC and expressed in normal liver tissue, consistent with our bioinformatic analysis.
Conclusion
Ten DDRGs were utilized to create a new signature that might influence the immunological state in HCC and be used for prognostic prediction. In addition, blocking these genes could be an alternate treatment.
Predicting and Analysing Adult Learners Dropout Indicators From Literacy Programmes Using Data Mining Approaches
Authors: Tomori Rasheed Adekola , Tomori Abdulfatai Adeyinka 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Data mining provides effective techniques for discovering useful knowledge and patterns from students’ data. The discovered patterns can be used to understand many problems in the educational field. One of the challenges facing academic institutions is dropout student issues. It is important to recognize which students are at risk of dropping out of school and what the underlying factors are. This study aims to predict adult learners’ dropout and analyses the causative factors that lead to the dropout of such learners using data mining techniques. The dataset used for this research was collected from 97 adult learners who registered with the Adult Literacy Program offered by the Kwara State Agency for Mass Education in four selected centers in Offa for the academic years 2019, 2021, and 2022. Three decision tree algorithms, C4.5, ID3, and CART classification methods, applied to the student’s socioeconomic and demographic data using the WEKA Data Mining tool to produce the best prediction model for learners dropping out of the ALP. Researchers conduct experiments to identify the best model among the techniques used, and then calculate the accuracy of the models. The findings from the study suggest that ID3 was the best algorithm with an accuracy of 80%, compared to C4.5 with an accuracy of 79.5% and CART with 78.5%. The experiment result also shows that some of the top indicators for learners’ dropout were age, relevance of the program, and number of working hours. This study suggested that future research should integrate study-related information with socioeconomic and demographic indicators for predicting learners' dropout rates.
A comprehensive analysis of SLC25A1 expression and its oncogenic role in pan-cancer
Authors: You Xin , Huang Lingling , Huang Ouxiang , Deng Yujie , Shi Xi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective: The solute carrier family 25 member 1 (SLC25A1) is currently the only known human transporter for citrate in the mitochondrial membrane. However, its role in cancer development remains to be elucidated. We aim to analyze the expression profile, prognostic value, potential immunological significance, and effect on tumor growth of SLC25A1 at a pan-cancer level.
Methods: Herein, the role of SLC25A1 in tumorigenesis and progression was investigated based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC), GeneMANIA, STRING and Cancer Dependency Map Project (DepMap) database via online websites or the R software. The SLC25A1 protein expression levels were further validated in a tissue microarray.
Results: The expression of SLC25A1 increased in most cancers, and the upregulation of SLC25A1 in colon adenocarcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, SLC25A1 was linked to clinical outcomes across multiple tumor types, particularly in lung adenocarcinoma, where its high expression predicted poor prognosis. Moreover, SLC25A1 was positively associated with MSI, TMB, and CD276 in cancers. In addition, the correlation between tumor-infiltrating immune cells and SLC25A1 varies across different cancer types. Furthermore, the knockoutof SLC25A1 demonstrated inhibitory effects in the majority of cell lines for all cancer types.
Conclusions: Our findingssuggest the potential of SLC25A1 as a prognostic biomarker for cancers and a therapeutic target for precise antitumor strategy and cancer immunotherapy.
Construction and validation of neutrophil-related gene based risk models for assessing colon cancer prognosis and guiding immunotherapy
Authors: Wang Shasha , Wang Lili , Qiu Mingxiu , Lin Zhongkun , Qi Weiwei , Lv Jing , Wang Yan , Lu Yangyang , Li Xiaoxuan , Chen Wenzhi , Qiu Wensheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Colon cancer is one of the most common digestive tract malignancies. Studies have shown that neutrophils can interact with immune cells and immune factors to affect the prognosis of patients.
Methods
We first determined the infiltration level of neutrophils in tumors using CIBERSORT and identified key genes in the final risk model by Spearman correlation analysis and subsequent Cox analysis. The risk score of each patient was obtained by multiplying the Cox regression coefficient by the gene expression level, and patients were divided into two groups according to the median. Differences in OS and PFS were assessed by KM survival analysis, and model accuracy was validated in another independent dataset. Finally, the differences in immune infiltration and immunotherapy were evaluated by immunoassay.
Results
We established and validated a risk scoring model based on neutrophil-related genes in two independent datasets; the patients in the high-risk group had a poorer prognosis than those in the low-risk group. A new nomogram was constructed and validated by combining clinical characteristics and the risk score model to better predict patient OS and PFS. Immune analysis showed that patients in the high-risk group had immune cell infiltration level, immune checkpoint levels, and tumor mutational burden and were more likely to benefit from immunotherapy.
Conclusion
The low-risk group had relatively better OS and PFS than the high-risk group in the neutrophil-related gene-based risk model. Patients in the high-risk group presented higher immune infiltration levels and tumor mutational burden and thus may be more responsive to immunotherapy.
Brain Cell Atlas: An Integrative Ensemble of Cell Transcriptomes Across Human Brain Regions
Authors: Miao Zhichao , Chen Xinyue , Huang Yin , Huang Ziliang , Xu Lahong , Huang Liangfeng , Ye Mingli , You Renke , Zhang Xuegong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Single-cell technologies greatly accelerated our understanding of the human brain cell types and their functions. But most studies focused on only a single or a couple of brain regions in a limited number of donors. Integration of atlas-level single-cell data can offer opportunities in revealing the cell type difference among brain regions, thus rendering explanations to the functional divergence. Here we present the Brain Cell Atlas (BCA), a comprehensive reference atlas of human brain cells, by assembling single-cell data from 70 studies of the human brain throughout major developmental stages across brain regions, covering over 11.3 million cells/nuclei from both healthy and disease. Using machine-learning based algorithms, BCA provides a consensus cell type annotation, while it showcases the discovery of a rare cell population of PCDH9high microglia cells. We demonstrate the gene regulatory difference of this cell type between hippocampus and prefrontal cortex as well as the cell-cell communications related to cell functions. In short, the BCA presents an atlas-level integrative resource for comparing brain cells in different environments and conditions within the Human Cell Atlas.
Immune challenge reduces the production of queen-specific compounds and fertility signals in honey bee queens.
Authors: Orlova Margarita , harwood Gyan , Freitak Dalial , Amdam Gro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In social insect species, the majority of individuals in each colony – the workers forego reproduction – or produce but a few descendants, while a small minority of individuals, the queens (or a single queen) produce large numbers of offspring – a phenomenon known as reproductive skew. In this situation the workers’ inclusive fitness depends to a large extent on the reproductive capacity of the queen. To maximize their indirect fitness, the workers need to accurately assess the queen’s physiological quality and reproductive capacity. Communication between queens and workers in social insects relies heavily on chemical signals produced by several exocrine glands. Honesty of these signals remains a subject of scientific debate, and the physiological mechanisms maintaining their honesty are not yet well understood. Our study explores how immune challenge affects the chemical profile of honey bee queens. Here, we focus on the mandibular and Dufour’s glands that are critical to production of honey bee queens’ chemical profile. We find that queens subjected to an immune challenge display lower proportions of the esters signaling fertility in their Dufour’s gland as well as lower proportions of queen-like substances in their mandibular glands, suggesting that these chemical signals are honest. Furthermore, we observe that queens subjected to immune challenge switch to production of worker-like compounds, which apparently serve as anti-microbial agents. Our findings suggest that production of queen-specific signaling compounds requires a tradeoff with production of defensive chemicals, suggesting that honey bee queen signals are physiologically costly to produce. Signals that advertise an individual’s physiological quality through the cost of their production, referred to as handicaps, have been documented in sexual communication but not queen-worker communication, which provides the basis of reproductive regulation in insect societies. Our findings may provide the first indication of a handicap signal in insect queen-worker communication.
Clinical Results of the Use of a Combined Solution of Carboxymethylcellulose 0,5%, Glycerin 0,9% and Trehalose 3% for the Treatment of Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Navarro-Naranjo Pedro-Ivan , Chacon-Aponto Alberto , Artunduaga-Rodriguez Gerardo , Duran-Moreno Daniela 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical effects of a novel combined ocular lubricant for treating patients with dry eye disease.
Methods: A retrospective cohort of 67 eyes (67 patients) with a confirmed diagnosis of dry eye disease using the ocular surface disease index (>12), tear osmolarity and ocular surface parameters (non-invasive break-up time, meniscus height and meibography) evaluated using the Cornea550 were included. All patients were treated with a combination of 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose, glycerin 0.9% and trehalose 3% with a dosing regimen of one drop four times a day for one month with a final evaluation of the same parameters.
Results: We included 67 eyes (80.6% females) with a mean age of 48.3+/-16.2 years (SD). 37% of the subjects had comorbidities such as hypothyroidism (9%), ocular rosacea (4%), Sjogren’s syndrome (4%) and arterial hypertension (4%). Of these, 34% were taking systemic medications and 56.7% had previous ocular surgery. The mean OSDI score before treatment was 57.6 +/- 17.2 (SD) and 22.2 +/-12.9 points (SD) after treatment (p<0.05). Other parameters such as NIBUT, meniscus height and meibography improved without a statistically significant difference.
Conclusion: CTP is a novel, combined and multipurpose treatment for dry eye disease.
Of Rarity and Symbolism: Understanding the Human Perceptions of Charismatic Color Morphs
Authors: Williams Tyus , Kreling Samantha , Stanton Lauren , Wilkinson Christine , Estien Cesar , Schell Christopher , Carlen Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Coloration in wildlife serves numerous biological purposes, including sexual selection signaling, thermoregulation, and camouflage. However, the physical appearance of wildlife also influences the ways in which humans interact with them. Wildlife conservation has largely revolved around humans' propensity to favor charismatic megafauna, but human perceptions of wildlife species extend beyond conservation measures into our everyday interactions with individual wildlife. Our aesthetic appreciation for different species interplays with culture, lore, and the economic interest they carry. As such, one characteristic that may underpin and interact with social drivers of perception is the coloration of a particular individual. In this article we provide case studies illustrating the dynamism in interactions people have with conspicuously colored wildlife – i.e., individuals that vary from their species-typical coloration. We focus on melanism, leucism, and albinism across four species commonly thought of as pests in the United States: coyotes (Canis latrans), eastern gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), and black-tailed deer (O. hemionus).
Breastfeeding – A survey of fathers’ support needs and preferred sources of information
Authors: Gebremariam Kidane Tadesse , Wynter Karen , Zheng Miaobing , Rawstorn Jonathan Charles , Denney-Wilson Elizabeth , Laws Rachel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Fathers can be a critical source of breastfeeding support for their partner, but little is known about what fathers would like to learn about breastfeeding. The aims of this study were to explore what fathers regard as important to learn around breastfeeding, and their current and preferred sources of information.
Methods
A structured online survey was conducted with fathers containing three sections: 1) sociodemographic variables; 2) perceived importance of 26 breastfeeding topics; and 3) sources of breastfeeding information. A convenience sample of expectant and current fathers aged 18 years or older, living in Australia, and able to complete survey in English was recruited.
Results
Most study participants (75%) were aged 30–39 years, current dads (74%), and university educated (69%). The breastfeeding topics that fathers perceived as the most important/ important to learn about were how to work with their partner to overcome breastfeeding challenges, how fathers can be involved with their breastfed baby, the types of support fathers can provide to breastfeeding mothers, what to expect in the first week and the benefits of breastfeeding. The most preferred health professional sources of breastfeeding information were midwives, child and family nurses and doctors. Among non-health professional sources of support, mobile app, friends and family were most popular.
Conclusion
Breastfeeding information to enhance fathers’ knowledge and awareness of common breastfeeding challenges, and fathers’ role in supporting their breastfeeding partner, appear to be most important/ important for fathers. Mobile app appears to be among the most preferred non-health professional ways to provide breastfeeding information to fathers.