bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Drinfeld-Type Presentation of the Orthosymplectic Yangians
Authors: Molev A. I. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe use the Gauss decomposition of the generator matrix in the R-matrix presentation of the Yangian for the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra $$\mathfrak {osp}_{N|2m}$$

osp

N
|
2
m

to produce its Drinfeld-type presentation. The results rely on a super-version of the embedding theorem which allows one to identify a subalgebra in the R-matrix presentation which is isomorphic to the Yangian associated with $$\mathfrak {osp}_{N|2m-2}$$

osp

N
|
2
m
-
2

.
Drug Death-Bereaved Parents’ Perspectives on Family Interactions and Help Needs: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kalsås Øyvind R. , Dyregrov Kari , Fadnes Lars Thore , Lindeman Sari Kaarina , Titlestad Kristine B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFamily relations are essential for the bereaved in terms of healing and adjusting to life, especially after experiencing a traumatic death. Although 500 000 people die in drug-related deaths each year, few works focus on family interactions and the help needs of those bereaved by such losses. In this qualitative study, we interviewed 14 parents who had lost their child through a drug-related death. Through a reflexive thematic analysis, we generated three themes: (I) considerable needs in the family become our responsibility, capturing how parents try to mend the disrupted family system and provide adequate care for those who struggle after death, (II) conversations that are important for family connections are obstructed, encompassing how family members sometimes seem afraid of grief emotions and try to protect each other by not talking, and (III) as parents, we can strengthen family connections, encapsulating how parents create space to talk and listen to each other in the family and navigate relational challenges in maintaining relationships. The findings are discussed through the Dual Process Model of Coping with Bereavement as well as family resilience theory. Based on the results, we propose that professional family-oriented help efforts for drug death-bereaved families in two main domains should be considered. The first includes those related to the family’s need and ability to adapt roles and relationships to the new reality, and the second involves those connected to creating a space and environment for emotional sharing and joint meaning-making processes in the family.
Detail Feature Inpainting of Art Images in Online Educational Videos based on Double Discrimination Network
Authors: Xue Feng , Połap Dawid 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to improve the image detail restoration effect of online education videos and improve the quality of online education images, a method for image detail restoration of online education videos based on dual discriminant networks is proposed. Utilize the grayscale changes in the selected spatial domain to enhance the detailed features of the original video art image, and construct a dual discriminant generative adversarial network model to repair the enhanced image details. Using a U-Net structured generation network to generate images similar to detail regions, and using image detail features as input, the initial image restoration is completed by training the generation network. Improve the authenticity and consistency of output image details through global and local discriminant networks. The experimental results show that this method has a good image enhancement effect in restoring image detail features in online education video art, improving the dynamic range and grayscale contrast of the image, and has a significant effect on image detail repair. The average peak signal-to-noise ratio of this method is 30.108, and the average structural similarity is 0.961, proving that the repair effect of this method is good. The average PSNR of this method under Gaussian noise interference is 29.68, which proves the robustness of this method.
Detection of preexisting quantum entanglements between dipole–photon discrete observables
Authors: Porcelli Elio B. , Alves Omar R. , Filho Victo S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe performed measurements of laser beam power polarized in different angles as 0$$^\circ $$

∘

, 45$$^\circ $$

∘

and 90$$^\circ $$

∘

passing close to a symmetric shielded capacitor with parallel plates and through a polaroid filter configured with angles as 0$$^\circ $$

∘

, 45$$^\circ $$

∘

and 90$$^\circ $$

∘

. An unusual light power variation was detected during the charging and discharging of the high voltage capacitor even considering the suppression of known electromagnetic interaction between laser beam and capacitor. The light power variation curves also indicated a typical pattern of charge and discharge of capacitors. The combination of the angles of the laser beam polarization and polaroid filter surprisingly indicated the measurement of correlations between the polarizations of photons and electric dipoles of the capacitor dielectric. These novel results can only be explained supposing the preexisting condition of quantum entanglements between discrete observables of electric dipoles and photons.
Is the One-Compartment Model with First Order Absorption a Useful Approximation?
Authors: Weiss Michael 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The one-compartment model with first order absorption (ka1C) has been extensively used to fit oral data. But when the disposition parameters of the drug are not available, the bias in the parameter estimates remains unclear. In this paper, the effect of potential misspecification of the area under the curve (AUC) and the mean absorption time (MAT) was evaluated for three relatively slowly absorbed drugs/formulations.

Methods
Assuming a three-compartment disposition model with an input (absorption) rate described as a sum of two inverse Gaussian functions (2IG3C) as the true model, the deviations of AUC and MAT estimated with simpler models were analyzed. Simpler models, as the ka1C model (Bateman function), the one-compartment model with IG input function (IG1C) and the gamma density function were fitted to the oral data alone, and compared to the fits obtained with the 2IG3C model which also uses the 3C disposition parameters of the drug. Data from pharmacokinetic studies of trospium, propiverine and ketamine in healthy volunteers were analyzed using a population approach.

Results
The Bateman function (ka1C) allowed a robust estimation of the population mean AUC, but the individual estimates were highly biased. It failed in evaluating MAT. The simple alternative models did not improve the situation.

Conclusions
The Bateman function appears to be useful for estimating the population mean value of AUC after oral administration. The results reemphasize the fact that insight into the absorption process can be only gained when also intravenous reference data are available.
Defamiliarization in advancing a decolonial approach to global citizenship education
Authors: Waghid Zayd , Meda Lawrence 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to investigate whether defamiliarization used in schools by some preservice teachers during their teaching practice can be considered an appropriate decolonizing pedagogical practice for advancing global citizenship education (GCE). The research used a case study design, with data collected in the form of reflection essays from 11 preservice teachers during their teaching practice period. The findings indicate that the specific defamiliarization practice used by these teachers aided both them and their students, through a reflective and collaborative process, in recognizing and critiquing the hierarchical knowledge paradigm in the current school curriculum and consciously resisting epistemic violence. The defamiliarization practice increased participants’ self-reflexivity and served as a pedagogy of dissensus. This is a novel study in that it accounts for the perceived benefits of defamiliarization in advancing certain aspects of critical GCE from the Global South.
Reviewing and improving spatiotemporal modeling approaches for mackerel’s total annual egg production
Authors: Núñez-Riboni Ismael , Costas Gersom , Diekmann Rabea , Ulleweit Jens , Kloppmann Matthias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSince the late 1970s the international ICES mackerel egg survey takes place in the Northeast Atlantic to obtain an estimate of total annual egg production (TAEP), to assess the spawning stock biomass and to support the sustainable management of the mackerel stock. However, its standard calculation of TAEP has some shortcomings: egg production is estimated from arithmetic averages of individual observations regardless whether they are extreme, rarely observed values, and has shown difficulties coping with the spatial expansion of mackerel spawning observed since 2007 (increasing the number of interpolated estimates). Various previous modeling efforts attempted to map the habitat of spawning mackerel to obtain more accurate egg production estimates by using generalized additive models (GAMs). In this study, we review and improve these models by introducing new features: We model both the western and southern components of the mackerel stock with a Tweedie distribution and test more than 400 model forms, including new predictors (like population size) and complex covariate interactions. We select the best model with various metrics, including the score of a tenfold cross validation. Our results show that environmental variables should be included in the model as simple functional, unimodal terms. This leads to a model that is more similar to a generalized linear mixed model than the typical GAM with smoothers. Models including only smoothers performed worse as they have a poor skill to extrapolate beyond the sampled region. Additionally, accounting for the effect of population size on the spatial distribution of eggs was shown to be fundamental to better model performance.
Graphical abstract
Paradoxes and paradigms: elements and compounds: similar names, very different energetics. Part 5, selected examples of exotic species and isotopes (H, He, C, F, U)
Authors: Ponikvar‑Svet Maja , Edwards Kathleen Frances , Liebman Joel Fredric 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper we continue to review the phonetic similarity of trivial names of chemical substances, in the particular, the names of isotopes of selected elements (H, He, C, F, U) of the periodic table. Thermochemical properties are explicitly considered.
Methane and CO2 production in the wetland Lake Podpeč (Slovenia)
Authors: Ogrinc Nives , Šegedin Urban , Faganeli Jadran 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study deals with the identification of CH4 and CO2 sources in the high-carbonate wetland Lake Podpeč in the Ljubljana Marshes, Slovenia.

Materials and methods
Lake Podpeč is situated on the periphery of the Ljubljana Marshes in central Slovenia. A combination of chemical analysis and natural abundance analysis of stable carbon and hydrogen isotopes of CH4, along with analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), was employed in an incubation experiment.

Results and discussion
The isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ13CDIC) suggests three main processes occurring during incubation: oxic degradation of organic matter (OM), anoxic OM degradation, and methanogenesis. During oxic degradation of OM, the δ13CDIC values slightly decrease from − 13.2 to − 14.5‰. However, after 50 days, the δ13CDIC values started to increase, reaching − 12.2‰ by the end of the experiment. 13C enrichment coincided with the formation of CH4, which began to increase simultaneously. The CH4 produced had an average δ13CCH4 value of − 67 ± 1‰ and δ2HCH4 value of − 389 ± 3‰, suggesting that CH4 is formed through acetate fermentation. The contribution of calcite dissolution to DIC increased during the degradation of OM by 53%. However, during methanogenesis, there was no significant change in the concentrations of Ca, and the estimated contribution to DIC was only 3%.

Conclusions
This study enhances our understanding of methane production in wetland Lake Podpeč and its relevance in the context of other high-carbonate lakes. The findings offer insights into the complex interactions between OM degradation, methane production pathways, and carbonate dissolution, which has implications for the global carbon cycle and greenhouse gas emissions.
The Role of Affective Empathy in Eliminating Discrimination Against Women: a Conceptual Proposition
Authors: Guthridge Michaela , Penovic Tania , Kirkman Maggie , Giummarra Melita J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to its wide-ranging reservations and lack of effective enforcement mechanisms the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) has failed to dismantle widespread and systemic discrimination. The present paper proposes a broad, theoretical, preventive and relational approach to creating and enhancing the effectiveness of novel interventions to accelerate gender equality. We describe the main elements of affective empathy (i.e. intersubjectivity, multisensory engagement and empathic embodiment) and identify potential interventions that build on those elements to advance gender equality. We ultimately argue that increased empathy towards women, transwomen and girls is required to disrupt the beliefs and behaviours that lead to discrimination, and that these changes must be enacted alongside legislative reforms and community education that construct equality environments. Our affective empathy framework could have the capacity to operationalise the normative fight against gender stereotypes and inequality in line with article 5(a) of CEDAW.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Fuereder Thorsten 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThe incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) shows geographically differences between certain parts of Asia and the rest of the world. While NPC is an orphan disease in Western Europe/United States of America, it is endemic to southern China, southeast Asia and northern Africa. NPC is a radio- and chemotherapy sensitive malignancy. Although it is essential to follow the evidence-based treatment recommendations outlined in the international guidelines, it has to be emphasized that the field is rapidly involving and relevant data gaps such as the optimal treatment strategy for stage II disease, non-Epstein Barr Virus associated NPC or the role of immunotherapy in low incidence areas exist. These topics will be addressed in this article. Most importantly, interdisciplinary management of NPC patients is key for the optimal management at all disease stages.
Neutrophil-Enriched Biomarkers and Long-Term Prognosis in Acute Coronary Syndrome: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Yiu Jaquelina Y. T. , Hally Kathryn E. , Larsen Peter D. , Holley Ana S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractActivated neutrophils release a range of inflammatory products that represent potential biomarkers, and there is interest in the prognostic value of these in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. We conducted a systematic review to examine neutrophil-enriched biomarkers and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with ACS. We identified twenty-seven studies including 17,831 patients with ACS. The most studied biomarkers were neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Meta-analyses showed that elevated NGAL was associated with higher MACE rates (unadjusted risk ratio (RR) 1.52, 95% CI 1.12–2.06, p = 0.006) as were elevated MPO levels (unadjusted RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.22–2.13, p = 0.01). There was limited data suggesting that increased levels of calprotectin, proteinase-3 and double-stranded DNA were also associated with MACE. These results suggest that higher levels of neutrophil-enriched biomarkers may be predictive of MACE in patients with ACS, although higher-quality studies are needed to confirm these observations.
Graphical abstract
Impact of stenosis resistance and coronary flow capacity on fractional flow reserve and instantaneous wave-free ratio discordance: a combined analysis of DEFINE-FLOW and IDEAL
Authors: Stegehuis Valérie , Boerhout Coen , Kikuta Yuetsu , Cambero-Madera Maribel , van Royen Niels , Matsuo Hitoshi , Nakayama Masafumi , de Waard Guus , Knaapen Paul , Nijjer Sukhjinder , Petraco Ricardo , Siebes Maria , Davies Justin , Escaned Javier , van de Hoef Tim , Piek Jan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The pressure-derived parameters fractional flow reserve (FFR) and the emerging instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) are the most widely applied invasive coronary physiology indices to guide revascularisation. However, approximately 15–20% of intermediate stenoses show discordant FFR and iFR, and therapeutical consensus is lacking.

Aims
We sought to associate hyperaemic stenosis resistance index, coronary flow reserve (CFR) and coronary flow capacity (CFC) to FFR/iFR discordance.

Methods
We assessed pressure and flow measurements of 647 intermediate lesions (593 patients) of two multi-centre international studies.

Results
FFR and iFR were discordant in 15% of all lesions (97 out of 647). FFR+/iFR− lesions had similar hyperaemic average peak velocity (hAPV), CFR and CFC as FFR−/iFR− lesions, whereas FFR−/iFR+ lesions had similar hAPV, CFR and CFC as FFR+/iFR+ lesions (p > 0.05 for all). FFR+/iFR− lesions were associated with lower baseline stenosis resistance, but not hyperaemic stenosis resistance, compared with FFR−/iFR+ lesions (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Discordance with FFR+/iFR− is characterised by maximal flow values, CFR, and CFC patterns similar to FFR−/iFR− concordance that justifies conservative therapy. Discordance with FFR−/iFR+ on the other hand, is characterised by low flow values, CFR, and CFC patterns similar to iFR+/FFR+ concordance that may benefit from percutaneous coronary intervention.
Role of Regulatory Sandboxes and MLOps for AI-Enabled Public Sector Services
Authors: Gonzalez Torres Ana Paula , Sawhney Nitin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses how innovations in public sector AI-based services must comply with the Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) regulatory frameworks while enabling experimentation and participation of diverse stakeholders throughout the Artificial Intelligence (AI) lifecycle. The paper examines the implications of the emerging regulation, AI regulatory sandboxes and Machine Learning Operations (MLOps) as tools that facilitate compliance while enabling co-learning and active participation of multiple stakeholders. We propose a framework that fosters experimentation with automation pipelines and continuous monitoring for the deployment of future public sector AI-based services in a regulatory-compliant and technically innovative manner. AI regulatory sandboxes can be beneficial as a space for contained experimentation that goes beyond regulatory considerations to specific experimentation with the implementation of ML frameworks. While the paper presents a framework based on emerging regulations, tools and practices pertaining to the responsible use of AI, this must be validated through pilot experimentation with public and private stakeholders and regulators in different areas of high-risk AI-based services.
The ISAC Paradigm to Tame Oral Cancer in Saudi Arabia: A Quasi-experimental Study
Authors: Jafer Mohammed , Moafa Ibtisam , Hoving Ciska , Candel Math , Kaabi Abdulrahman A. , Van Den Borne Bart 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLate detection of oral cancer (OC) cases in Saudi Arabia is concerning. It reduces survival rate and complicates treatment. The ISAC intervention was developed to bridge the gaps observed in dentists’ practice of OC examination and patient education. The ISAC stands for I, informing patients of OC screenings; S, screening for OC; A, advising high-risk patients to quit risk factors; and C, connecting patients to advanced services. This study tested the potential effect of the ISAC in influencing dentists’ cognitive and behavioral skills, to enhance early detection and prevention of OC. A quasi-experimental study was conducted among dental interns (DIs) at dental setting to test the effect on comprehensive oral cancer examination score (COCE), awareness, self-efficacy, descriptive-norms, and self-reported behavior. Data were collected through triangulation of methods pre and post the intervention at two-months. Multiple linear mixed effects regression models were utilized for data analysis. Between October 2020 and April 2021, 47 DIs participated in the study. The final model showed the significant effects of time (ISAC) on COCE (95% CI = 25.12–29.42, P < .001). DIs had a significant improvement in awareness, self-efficacy, descriptive norms, and self-reported behavior. The findings showed promising effects of the intervention toward the early detection and prevention of OC. Dentists, dental organizations, and policymakers in areas with a high risk of OC could benefit from the current intervention which contributes to capacity building and improved community health. A pragmatic study with a robust design is needed to test the effectiveness of the intervention on a wider scale.
Differentiation of Chemical Components in Basaltic Melts During Eruptions: An Example from Tolbachik–Hawaiian Fissure Zones and Etna Vent
Authors: Gembitskaya Irina Mikhailovna , Pharoe Benedict Kinshasa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study on differentiation of chemical components in quenched volcanics from the Etna, Tolbachik and Hawaiian fissure zones was carried out under simulated temperature/pressure (T/P) conditions reflecting real-time conditions in the early stages of magmatic eruptions. The simulation was performed under high-pressure chamber apparatus, and the rocks were then subjected to high T/P conditions resulting in basaltic melts. Various temperature and pressure conditions were adjusted from the apparatus to allow for different rates of magmatic cooling and crystallization. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS-microanalysis) was then used to study the quenched glasses with the aim of identifying major element partitioning based on micro-heterogeneity of melts structures. The microscopic study of the experimental melts and their comparisons with natural melts under the electron microscopes indicate the existence of two distinct liquids which fractionated during cooling on the basis of their chemical composition (compositional melts): Fe, Mg liquids concentrated in the poorly polymerized and mobile parts of the melt and K, Na and Al liquids were concentrated in more highly polymerized parts of the melts. Partitioning of Ca and Si appears to be changeable and more dependent on bulk melt composition. Fractionation of non-crystalline melts was evident under post-explosion sharp quenching and high-pressure conditions.