bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mustard Allergy in Children and Cross-reaction: Case Report
Authors: Aminou Sara , Jellali Kaoutar , Mahraoui Chafiq 
Published: April 2023

Aims: Food allergy to mustard is often unrecognised in children; however, it deserves early recognition as a potentially severe immunoglobulin e (IgE)--mediated allergy with a risk of anaphylaxis. The aim of this work is to show the value of performing an oral challenge test to confirm the diagnosis of mustard allergy.
Presentation of Case: We report the observation of a child who presented with allergy to yellow mustard with all the allergological work-up performed.
Discussion: The diagnosis of mustard allergy is delicate; on the basis of the clinical history and the food investigation, as mustard is consumed mainly in a masked form. Cross-allergies are common with mugwort, nuts and rosacea. No threshold value for skin tests or specific IgE can be considered sufficient to confirm or not the diagnosis of food allergy or the secondary acquisition of tolerance to mustard.
Conclusion: Oral challenge test is the gold standard for confirming the diagnosis of food allergy; reducing the risk of accidental exposure; validating or not the avoidance diet; and improving quality of life.
Effect of Boron on Growth and Yield of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. Saccharata) Varieties
Authors: Kumar Thokannagari Bharath , Mehera Biswarup , Kumar Prateek , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: April 2023

At the Department of Agronomy's Crop Research Farm, SHUATS, Prayagraj, a field experiment was carried out in the month of Zaid 2022. (U.P). The soil in the experimental plot had a sandy loam texture, a pH of 7.1 that was almost neutral, a low level of organic carbon (0.36%), and low availability of the nutrients N, P, K (171.48 kg/ha, 15.2 kg/ha, and 232.5 kg/ha, respectively). Ten treatments, each replicated three times, were used in the experiment, which was set up using a randomised block design over the course of a year. The treatments which are T1: Sugar-75 + 0.1 % boron foliar application, T2: Sugar-75 + 0.2 % boron foliar application, T3: Sugar-75 + 0.3 % boron foliar application, T4: Madhuri + 0.1 % boron foliar application, T5: Madhuri + 0.2 % boron foliar application, T6: Madhuri + 0.3 % boron foliar application, T7: Misthi + 0.1 % boron foliar application, T8: Misthi + 0.2 % boron foliar application, T9: Misthi + 0.3 % boron foliar application, T10: Control - N:P:K-120:60:40(kg/ha) are used. The results showed that treatment T9-Misthi + 0.3% boron foliar application was recorded significantly higher growth parameters like Plant height (175.5 cm), Plant dry weight (141.6 g/plant) at 80 DAS and highest Crop growth rate (22.1 g/m2/day) at 60-80 DAS. However, yield attributes and yield parameters like No. of Cobs/plant (1.81), No. of Grains/Cob (617.7), No. of Rows/cob (14.37), Seed index (68.4 g), cob length (18.5 cm), Grain yield (9.5 t/ha), Stover yield (15.4 t/ha) were recorded with the treatment T9-Misthi+ 0.3 % boron foliar application.
Effect of Planting Geometry and Nutrient Management on Yield, Economics and Quality of Dwarf Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata) under Rainfed Condition
Authors: Devi Khomdram Monika , Devi Okram Ricky , Laishram Bibek , Luikham Edwin , Priyanka Elumle , Singh Leishangthem Robert , Babasaheb Deshmane Vishal 
Published: April 2023

Rice bean (Vigna umbellata) is one of the under-utilized crops which can become a promising pulse crop. A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2020 at Research Farm, College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur to study the effect of planting geometry and nutrient management on yield, economics and quality of dwarf rice bean under rainfed condition. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD) and nutrient management which was replicated thrice. The treatments comprised of three planting geometry viz; S1 : 30 cm x 10 cm, S2: 45 cm x 10 cm and S3: 60 cm x 10 cm and four nutrient management practices viz; F0: Seed treatment with molybdenum + phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB), F1: 20 kg P2O5/ha + seed treatment with molybdenum+ PSB, F2:40 kg P2O5 /ha + seed treatment with molybdenum+ PSB and F3: 60 kg P2O5 /ha + seed treatment with molybdenum+ PSB. Results indicate that planting geometry at 60 cm × 10 cm and nutrient management at 60 kg P2O5/ha with seed treatment of molybdenum + phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) significantly influenced the yield and quality of dwarf rice bean and gave the maximum economic returns. The highest seed yield (14.65 q/ha) was recorded with spacing S3 which was significantly superior over S1 upto the tune of 8.7% (13.37q/ha). Among the different nutrient management practices, highest seed yield (16.01 q/ha) was recorded from F3 which was found to be at par with F2 (15.70 q/ha) and significantly superior over F1 and F0 (12.71 q/ha and 11.70 q/ha, respectively). The increase in seed yield in F3 and F2 were 26.9% and 25.5%, respectively over control (F0). Among the various planting geometry, the highest gross return (Rs 117240/ha), net return (Rs 71334/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.54) were recorded from S3 and lowest gross return (Rs 106960/ha), net return (Rs 60304/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.29) from S1. In respect of nutrient management the maximum gross return (Rs128053/ha), net return (Rs 80877/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.72) were associated with F3 and lowest from F0 (Rs 93360, Rs 48058 /ha 2.06, respectively). The interaction effect of S3 and F3 gave highest crude protein yield (397.75 kg/ha) which was 48.2 % higher than S1 and F0 (205.92 kg/ha).
Incidence of Perineural Invasion of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Its Association with Worst Pattern of Invasion and Staging of Tumor: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Shaikh Aamir Zubair , Chandra Jagadish , Sequeira Joyce P. , K. Madan , Mathew Rohan T. 
Published: April 2023

Background: Histological parameters are the most reliable factors in diagnosis, management and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The incidence of perineural invasion (PNI) and its association with staging of tumor and worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) have influenced the outcome of the disease. This retrospective study was conducted to determine the association of PNI with staging of tumor and WPOI.
Methodology: Sixty-six cases of histopathologically confirmed OSCC treated surgically without neo-adjuvant chemo-radiotherapy between 2019 Jan -2020 June were included in the study. The subjects were divided into group A with PNI negative subjects and Group B with PNI positive subjects.
Results: Out of 66 cases, 42 patient were PNI negative (63.6%) and 24 patients were PNI positive (36.4%). WPOIIV-V was present in 38 (57.6 %) of the cases and I-III was seen in 28 (42.4%) of the 66 patients.
Conclusion: WPOI and PNI are significantly important risk factors for predicting LN metastasis in all stages of Oral squamous cell carcinoma and are associated with a poorer outcome in early-stage tumors.
Upland prairie adaptive management staged‐scale restoration practices for native plant and endangered butterfly reintroduction
Authors: Muzychko Claudia G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The present practice insight derives from land manager requests to document current on‐site activity and provides a management planning reference for restoration on Violet Prairie. Start‐up restoration initiates from trial‐and‐error adaptive management practices in the Puget Sound region of western Washington, USA. Treatments used focus on the implementation of staged‐scale restoration. Preparation intends to meet reintroduction goals of establishing a native plant community that could potentially support the threatened endemic Castilleja levisecta (golden paintbrush). Reintroduction of the associated native plant community provides habitat for endangered Euphydryas editha taylori (Taylor's checkerspot butterfly).

Known conventional agricultural use coupled to fire suppression since the 1800s altered regional prairie lands to an unfavourable state for native plant species. Local native prairie soil types were favoured for growing conventional grasses and exotic forb species common to grazing pastures. Land abandonment and degradation has lengthened the time of disturbance and complicated restoring to a generalized reference point prior to settlement. Persistent exotic species, encroaching housing development, coniferous forest and recent wildfire complicate converting back to native prairie.

Threatened and endangered species and their habitat are targeted in a trial‐and‐error process of staged‐scale adaptive management within the goal of whole ecosystem and connectivity restoration. Land managers focus on exotics removal and intensive native reseeding while restoring the use of prescribed burning as a maintenance tool. Embedded monitoring and observation advises where future practices need to be adapted by focusing on treatments and outcomes.

Past land use practices replaced native soil seed banks with exotic seed banks that further distort reference proxies. Unknowns interrupt the current implementation additionally to soil conversion issues, while short‐term adaptive management methods initiate conversion back to native prairie. Species reintroduction choices to develop community structure are complicated by the fact that historical reference point species may be missing altogether from existing native communities. An unanswered outcome of the restoration process is determining which set of treatments best prepares soil for the desired native plant community.
Effectiveness and safety of Endostar combined with chemotherapy in treating advanced NSCLC patients with different ages
Authors: Jiang Wei , Liang Jing , Sun Wei , Li Wenhui , Gao Jin , Wang Hui , Zhou Wei , Aa Lixiang , Wang Luhua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to compare the real‐world effectiveness and safety of Endostar in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in different age groups.MethodsElectronic medical records of patients with NSCLC who received Endostar combined with chemotherapy from June 2012 to August 2019 in 7 cancer centers were retrospectively collected. Baseline characteristics before and after propensity score matching (PSM), effectiveness evaluation, and safety data of two age groups were analyzed. Tumor response was evaluated according to RECIST v1.1. Adverse events (AEs) were graded according to NCI‐CTCAE 5.0.ResultsIn this study, 554 and 571 patients were assigned to ≤60 years non‐aged group and >60 years aged group, respectively. After propensity score matching (PSM) was introduced, 166 patients in each age group were analyzed. The median PFS for the two groups was 8.9 and 8.0 months, with the overall response rate was 24.7% and 26.5% (p = 0.7060), disease control rate was 64.5% versus 68.7% (p = 0.4600), respectively. Cox regression result showed that advanced age has no significant influence on PFS (hazard ratio = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.98−1.06, p = 0.3034) in contrast with younger patients. The most common AEs in both age groups were myelosuppression, gastrointestinal reactions, and hepatic impairment. The total incidence for the above AEs in the two groups was 18.67% versus 24.10%, 22.89% versus 21.69%, 12.05% versus 7.23%, with no statistically significant difference.ConclusionCompared with treating patients with NSCLC younger than 60 years old, the effectiveness of Endostar combined with chemotherapy in treating advanced patients showed no significant differences, with tolerable adverse events.
Tough PEGgels by In Situ Phase Separation for 4D Printing
Authors: Wang Zhenwu , Heck Matthias , Yang Wenwu , Wilhelm Manfred , Levkin Pavel A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolymer gels, consisting of cross‐linked polymer network systems swollen by a solvent, show great potential in biomedicine, flexible electronics, and artificial muscles, due to their tissue‐like mechanical properties. Due to the presence of a large amount of solvent, the improvement of the mechanical properties of the polymer gel is a challenge. Moreover, combining high toughness with useful properties, such as 3D printability or shape‐memory, in one polymer gel system is even more challenging. In this study, a simple and efficient method is developed for the fabrication of tough polymer gels by polymerizing 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) in a mixture of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG). The polymerized elastic networkpresents distinct compatibility with PEG (compatible) and PPG (poorly compatible), resulting in in‐situ phase separation at the microscale. The resulting phase‐separated gel demonstrates high strength (8.0 MPa), favorable fracture strain (430%), and large toughness (17.0 MJ m−3). The separated hard phasewith a high glass transition temperature (75 °C) endows the whole soft polymer gel with the property of shape memory at room temperature. Finally, the fabrication of tunable tough PEGgels is combined with 3D printing as well as with shape memory properties, demonstrating the use of PEGgels for 4D printing.
Direct Observation of Quadrupolar Strain Fields forming a Shear Band in Metallic Glasses
Authors: Kang Sangjun , Wang Di , Caron Arnaud , Minnert Christian , Durst Karsten , Kübel Christian , Mu Xiaoke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor decades, scanning/transmission electron microscopy (S/TEM) techniques have been employed to analyze shear bands in metallic glasses and understand their formation in order to improve the mechanical properties of metallic glasses. However, due to a lack of direct information in reciprocal space, conventional S/TEM cannot characterize the local strain and atomic structure of amorphous materials, which are key to describe the deformation of glasses. For this work, 4‐dimensional‐STEM (4D‐STEM) is applied to map and directly correlate the local strain and the atomic structure at the nanometer scale in deformed metallic glasses. Residual strain fields are observed with quadrupolar symmetry concentrated at dilated Eshelby inclusions. The strain fields percolate in a vortex‐like manner building up the shear band. This provides a new understanding of the formation of shear bands in metallic glass.
Versatile Host Materials for Both D–A‐Type and Multi‐Resonance TADF Emitters toward Solution‐Processed OLEDs with Nearly 30% EQE
Authors: Li Nengquan , Chen Zhanxiang , Zhou Changjiang , Ni Fan , Huang Zhongyan , Cao Xiaosong , Yang Chuluo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFabricating solution‐processible host material for thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter remains a formidable challenge for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). In this work, two new host materials, namely 3CzAcPy and 9CzAcPy, are found to exhibit high triplet energy levels, high thermal stability, and excellent film morphology from a solution process. An in‐depth analysis on the photophysical data and device performance reveals the isomeric effect of the host materials has a significant impact not only on the host properties, but also on the host–dopant interactions and thus the performance of the resulting solution‐processed TADF OLEDs. Impressively, the new hosts are proven to be suitable for both donor–acceptor type and multi‐resonance TADF emitters, achieving state‐of‐the‐art device performance. By using the new host 9CzAcPy, solution‐processed OLED based on a donor–acceptor TADF emitter of DPAC‐PCN, a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 29.5% is achieved, and solution‐processed narrowband OLED based on a multiple‐resonance TADF emitter of BN‐CP1 acquires a maximum EQE of 26.6%. These efficiencies represent the highest values among the solution‐processed TADF OLEDs. This study highlights the significance of host–dopant interactions in modulating the electroluminescence performance of TADF emitters, and provides an effective design principle for solution‐processible host materials.
Dopant‐Free Pyrrolopyrrole‐Based (PPr) Polymeric Hole‐Transporting Materials for Efficient Tin‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells with Stability Over 6000 h
Authors: Kuan Chun‐Hsiao , Balasaravanan Rajendiran , Hsu Shih‐Min , Ni Jen‐Shyang , Tsai Yi‐Tai , Zhang Zhong‐Xiang , Chen Ming‐Chou , Diau Eric Wei‐Guang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA new set of pyrrolopyrrole‐based (PPr) polymers incorporated with thioalkylated/alkylated bithiophene (SBT/BT) is synthesized and explored as hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) for Sn‐based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs). Three bithiophenyl spacers bearing the thioalkylated hexyl (SBT‐6), thioalkylated tetradecyl (SBT‐14), and tetradecyl (BT‐14) chains are utilized to examine the effect of the alkyl chain lengths. Among them, the TPSCs are fabricated using PPr‐SBT‐14 as HTMs through a two‐step approach by attaining a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.6% with a remarkable long‐term stability beyond 6000 h, which has not been reported elsewhere for a non‐PEDOT:PSS‐based TPSC. The PPr‐SBT‐14 device is stable under light irradiation for 5 h in air (50% relative humidity) at the maximum power point (MPP). The highly planar structure, strong intramolecular S(alkyl)···S(thiophene) interactions, and extended π‐conjugation of SBT enable the PPr‐SBT‐14 device to outperform the standard poly(3‐hexylthiophene,‐2,5‐diyl (P3HT) and other devices. The longer thio‐tetradecyl chain in SBT‐14 restricts molecular rotation and strongly affects the molecular conformation, solubility, and film wettability over other polymers. Thus, the present study makes a promising dopant‐free polymeric HTM model for the future design of highly efficient and stable TPSCs.
A Universal Microscopic Patterned Doping Method for Perovskite Enables Ultrafast, Self‐Powered, Ultrasmall Perovskite Photodiodes
Authors: Cheng Jiangong , Ma Yang , Zhou Wencai , Zhang Tong , Li Wenling , Zhang Xiaobo , Yan Hui , Li Jinpeng , Zheng Zilong , Chen Xiaoqing , Zhang Yongzhe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNovel metal halide perovskite is proven to be a promising optoelectronic material. However, fabricating microscopic perovskite devices is still challenging because the perovskite is soluble with the photoresist, which conflicts with conventional microfabrication technology. The size of presently reported perovskite devices is about 50 µm. Limited by the large size of perovskite optoelectronic devices, they cannot be readily adopted in the fields of imaging, display, etc. Herein a universal microscopic patterned doping method is proposed, which can realize microscale perovskite devices. Rather than by the conventional doping method, in this study the local Fermi level of perovskite is modulated by the redistributing intrinsic ion defects via a polling voltage. A satisfactorily stable polarized ion distribution can be achieved by optimization of the perovskite material and polling voltage, resulting in ultrafast (40 µs), self‐powered microscale (2 µm) photodiodes. This work sheds light on a route to fabricate integrated perovskite optoelectronic chips.
A Microbial Community Cultured in Gradient Hydrogel for Investigating Gut Microbiome‐Drug Interaction and Guiding Therapeutic Decisions
Authors: Zheng Di‐Wei , Qiao Ji‐Yan , Ma Jun‐Chi , An Jia‐Xin , Yang Chi‐Hui , Zhang Yu , Cheng Qian , Rao Zhi‐Yong , Zeng Si‐Min , Wang Lin , Zhang Xian‐Zheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDespite the recognition that the gut microbiota acts a clinically significant role in cancer chemotherapy, both mechanistic understanding and translational research are still limited. Maximizing drug efficacy requires an in‐depth understanding of how the microbiota contributes to therapeutic responses, while microbiota modulation is hindered by the complexity of the human body. To address this issue, a 3D experimental model named engineered microbiota (EM) is reported for bridging microbiota‐drug interaction research and therapeutic decision‐making. EM can be manipulated in vitro and faithfully recapitulate the human gut microbiota at the genus/species level while allowing co‐culture with cells, organoids, and isolated tissues for testing drug responses. Examination of various clinical and experimental drugs by EM reveales that the gut microbiota affects drug efficacy through three pathways: immunological effects, bioaccumulation, and drug metabolism. Guided by discovered mechanisms, custom‐tailored strategies are adopted to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of drugs on orthotopic tumor models with patient‐derived gut microbiota. These strategies include immune synergy, nanoparticle encapsulation, and host–guest complex formation, respectively. Given the important role of the gut microbiota in influencing drug efficacy, EM will likely become an indispensable tool to guide drug translation and clinical decision‐making.
Supported Ruthenium Single‐Atom and Clustered Catalysts Outperform Benchmark Pt for Alkaline Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Zhu Yanping , Fan Ke , Hsu Chia‐Shuo , Chen Gao , Chen Changsheng , Liu Tiancheng , Lin Zezhou , She Sixuan , Li Liuqing , Zhou Hanmo , Zhu Ye , Chen Hao Ming , Huang Haitao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGuaranteeing satisfactory catalytic behavior while ensuring high metal utilization has become the problem that needs to be addressed when designing noble‐metal‐based catalysts for electrochemical reactions. Here, well‐dispersed ruthenium (Ru) based clusters with adjacent Ru single atoms (SAs) on layered sodium cobalt oxide (Ru/NC) are demonstrated as a superb electrocatalyst for alkaline HER. The Ru/NC catalyst demonstrates an activity increase by a factor of two relative to the commercial Pt/C. Operando characterizations in conjunction with density functional theory (DFT) simulations uncover the origin of the superior activity and establish a structure–performance relationship, that is, under HER condition, the real active species are Ru SAs and metallic Ru clusters supported on the NC substrate. The excellent alkaline HER activity of the Ru/NC catalyst can be understood by a spatially decoupled water dissociation and hydrogen desorption mechanism, where the NC substrate accelerates the water dissociation rate, and the generated H intermediates would then migrate to the Ru SAs or clusters and recombine to have H2 evolution. More importantly, comparing the two forms of Ru sites, it is the Ru cluster that dominates the HER activity.
Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells Using Dual Fluorinated Additive Modification
Authors: Li Hui , Chu Ronan , Bati Abdulaziz S. R. , Gupta Satakshi , Burn Paul L. , Gentle Ian R. , Shaw Paul E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMaterials engineering is key to improving the stability and photovoltaic parameters of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). This work presents the effect of two different fluorinated additives on the performance of PSCs containing the archetypal three‐dimensional perovskite, methylammonium lead triiodide (MAPbI3). 3‐(2,3,4,5,6‐Pentafluorophenyl)propylammonium iodide (FPAI) is added to the anode modifying layer and (2,3,4,5,6‐pentafluorophenyl)methylammonium bromide (FMABr) is blended into the perovskite layer. The inverted devices containing FPAI in the anode modifying layer and 0.32 mol% of FMABr from the perovskite precursor solution had hysteresis‐free current density‐voltage characteristics and a maximum power conversion efficiency of 22.3%, which is an absolute increase of 1.7% compared to the MAPbI3 device (20.6%) of the same architecture but without the additives.