bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intermediate-mass black holes: finding of episodic, large-scale, and powerful jet activity in a dwarf galaxy
Authors: Yang Jun , Paragi Zsolt , Frey Sándor , Gurvits Leonid I , Liao Mai , Liu Xiang , Cui Lang , Yang Xiaolong , Chen Wen , Varenius Eskil , Conway John E , Chen Rurong , Chang Ning 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Dwarf galaxies are characterized by a very low luminosity and low mass. Because of significant accretion and ejection activity of massive black holes, some dwarf galaxies also host low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In a few dwarf AGNs, very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations have found faint non-thermal radio emission. SDSS J090613.77+561015.2 is a dwarf AGN owning an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) with a mass of $M_\mathrm{BH} = 3.6^{+5.9}_{-2.3}\times 10^5 \mathrm{ M}_{\odot }$ and showing a rarely seen two-component radio structure in its radio nucleus. To further probe their nature, i.e. the IMBH jet activity, we performed additional deep observations with the European VLBI Network (EVN) at 1.66 and 4.99 GHz. We find the more diffuse emission regions and structure details. These new EVN imaging results allow us to reveal a two-sided jet morphology with a size up to about 150 mas (projected length ∼140 pc) and a radio luminosity of about 3 × 1038 erg s−1. The peak feature has an optically thin radio spectrum and thus more likely represents a relatively young ejecta instead of a jet base. The EVN study on SDSS J090613.77+561015.2 demonstrates the existence of episodic, relatively large-scale, and powerful IMBH jet activity in dwarf AGNs. Moreover, we collected a small sample of VLBI-detected dwarf AGNs and investigated their connections with normal AGNs. We notice that these radio sources in the dwarf AGNs tend to have steep spectra and small linear sizes, and possibly represent ejecta from scaled-down episodic jet activity.
Reactive Cu2+-peptide intermediates revealed by kinetic studies gain relevance by matching time windows in copper metallomics
Authors: Kotuniak Radosław , Bal Wojciech 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this essay is to propose that metallomic studies in the area of extracellular copper transport are incomplete without the explicit consideration of kinetics of Cu2+ion binding and exchange reactions. The kinetic data should be interpreted in the context of time constraints imposed by specific physiological processes. Examples from experimental studies of Cu2+ ion interactions with amino-terminal copper and nickel binding site/N-terminal site motifs are used to demonstrate that duration and periodicity of such processes as bloodstream transport or neurotransmission promote the reaction intermediates to the role of physiological effectors. The unexpectedly long lifetimes of intermediate complexes lead to their accumulation and novel reactivities. The emerging ideas are discussed in the context of other research areas in metallomics.
Impact of National Institutes of Health and Food and Drug Administration Tobacco Research Funding: A Bibliometrics Analyses
Authors: Sharma Kriti , Moyer Jonathan , Liggins Charlene , Garcia-Cazarin Mary , Mandal Rachel J , Wanke Kay L , Meissner Helen I 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Conduct bibliometric analyses documenting the output of National Institutes of Health (NIH) tobacco-related and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tobacco regulatory science (FDA-TRS) research portfolios.

Aims and Methods
PubMed identifiers for publications between 2015 and 2020 citing tobacco funding by NIH and/or FDA were imported into NIH iCite generating measures of productivity and influence, including number of citations, journal, relative citation ratios (RCR), and comparison of research influence across Web of Science (WoS) disciplines. Coauthorship and measures of centrality among and between NIH and FDA-supported investigators gauged collaboration.

Results
Between FY 2015 and 2020, 8160 publications cited funding from NIH tobacco-related grants, 1776 cited FDA-TRS grants and 496 cited Common funding (ie, both NIH and FDA-TRS funding). The proportion of publications citing NIH grants declined while those citing FDA-TRS or Common funding rose significantly. Publications citing Common funding showed the highest influence (mean RCR = 2.52). Publications citing FDA-TRS funding displayed higher median RCRs than publications citing NIH funding in most WoS categories. Higher translational progress was estimated over time for FDA-TRS and Common publications compared to NIH publications. Authors citing Common funding scored highest across all collaboration measures.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the high bibliometric output of tobacco research overall. The rise in publications citing FDA-TRS and Common likely reflects increased funding for TRS research. Higher RCRs across WoS subject categories and trends towards human translation among FDA-TRS and Common publications indicate focus on research to inform regulation. This analysis suggests that FDA support for TRS has expanded the field of tobacco control resulting in sustained productivity, influence, and collaboration.

Implications
This paper is the first effort to better describe the impact of tobacco research resulting from the addition of FDA funding for TRS in the past decade. The analysis provides impetus for further investigation into the publication topics and their focus which would offer insight into the specific evidence generated on tobacco control and regulation.
Pediatric sport and exercise medicine: Eight things clinicians and patients should question
Authors: Houghton Kristin , Persson Erika , Purcell Laura 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Choosing Wisely Canada (CWC) is the national voice for reducing unnecessary tests and treatments in Canada. A small working group created by the Canadian Academy of Sport and Exercise Medicine developed a list of pediatric sport and exercise (SEM) recommendations based on existing research, experience, and common practice patterns. These recommendations identify tests and treatments commonly used in pediatric musculoskeletal assessments that are not supported by evidence and could expose patients to harm. Iterative feedback from key stakeholders informed the final list. The final list comprises eight recommendations including imaging recommendations for Osgood Schlatter’s disease, shoulder and knee injuries, back pain, scoliosis, spondylolysis, distal radial buckle fractures, minor head injury/concussion, and management of chronic pain syndromes. Adopting these CWC pediatric SEM recommendations as part of routine practice may optimize care and minimize unnecessary investigations and treatments.
Advances in understanding cold tolerance in grapevine
Authors: Ren Chong , Fan Peige , Li Shaohua , Liang Zhenchang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGrapevine (Vitis ssp.) is a deciduous perennial fruit crop, and the canes and buds of grapevine should withstand low temperatures (LTs) annually during winter. However, the widely cultivated Vitis vinifera is cold-sensitive and cannot survive the severe winter in regions with extremely LTs, such as viticulture regions in northern China. By contrast, a few wild Vitis species like V. amurensis and V. riparia exhibit excellent freezing tolerance. However, the mechanisms underlying grapevine cold tolerance remain largely unknown. In recent years, much progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms, owing to the advances in sequencing and molecular biotechnology. Assembly of grapevine genomes together with resequencing and transcriptome data enable researchers to conduct genomic and transcriptomic analyses in various grapevine genotypes and populations to explore genetic variations involved in cold tolerance. In addition, a number of pivotal genes have been identified and functionally characterized. In this review, we summarize recent major advances in physiological and molecular analyses of cold tolerance in grapevine and put forward questions in this field. We also discuss the strategies for improving the tolerance of grapevine to cold stress. Understanding grapevine cold tolerance will facilitate the development of grapevines for adaption to global climate change.
Reducing feed-food competition with direct payments? An ex-ante assessment of economic and environmental impacts
Authors: Bystricky Maria , Bretscher Daniel , Schori Fredy , Mack Gabriele 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Worldwide, feed-food competition for arable land is of rising concern. Swiss agricultural policy wants to promote grass-based cattle feeding through a voluntary direct payment program that is currently being revised. The current version of the program requires a minimum share of 75–85 per cent grass-based feed in the yearly rations for ruminants. The revision suggests financial compensation for using concentrates with limited crude protein (CP) content at different levels (18 per cent, 12 per cent, or 0 per cent CP) without limiting the amount of concentrates. In a multimodel approach, we investigated the adoption rate of the new program, and its effect on feed-food competition and environmental indicators at the national scale for Switzerland. We found that the less strict the requirements are regarding the protein content of concentrate feeds, the more cattle farmers will adopt the new program for protein-reduced concentrate feeding. We further found that, compared to the current version of the program, the revised program could have the opposite or none of the intended effects regarding feed-food competition and environmental indicators. Only banning the use of concentrates altogether moves the environmental indicators in the intended direction for the farms participating in the program. This study shows that ex-ante evaluations are important to expose ineffectual policy measures and improve their design before introducing new direct payment programs.
Sleep of mothers, fathers, and infants: a longitudinal study from pregnancy through 12 months
Authors: Horwitz Avel , Bar-Shachar Yael , Ran-Peled Dar , Finkelstein Omer , Ben-Zion Hamutal , Bar-Kalifa Eran , Meiri Gal , Tikotzky Liat 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
This study assessed and compared mothers’ and fathers’ sleep trajectories from pregnancy and throughout the first year of the infant’s life. We also examined associations between maternal, paternal, and infant sleep.

Methods
Two hundred and thirty-two couples were recruited for the study during pregnancy. Data were collected during pregnancy and at 4, 8, and 12 months postpartum. Maternal, paternal, and infant sleep were monitored at home for seven nights, using actigraphy, sleep diaries, and the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI).

Results
Mothers showed more impaired sleep quality than fathers, at all assessments, whereas fathers had shorter sleep duration. Based on the ISI, about 70% of mothers and 50% of fathers showed at least subclinical insomnia at the different assessments. Trajectory analyses (controlling for feeding method and sleeping arrangements) demonstrated a significant deterioration in diary-based and actigraphy sleep quality for both parents, from pregnancy to 4 months. Both parents and infants had an increase in sleep quality from 4 to 12 months, though some parental sleep variables showed a quadratic pattern with a decrease in sleep quality at 8 months. Statistically significant triadic associations at the different assessments were found between mothers’, fathers’, and infants’ sleep. Maternal and infant sleep measures were more strongly correlated than paternal and infant sleep.

Conclusions
The findings highlight the importance of considering the family context of sleep, by demonstrating similarities and differences in the changes that sleep undergoes in new mothers and fathers and by showing how sleep is interrelated between all family members.
Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder: a narrative review from a technological perspective
Authors: Gnarra Oriella , Wulf Marie-Angela , Schäfer Carolin , Nef Tobias , Bassetti Claudio L A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Study objectives
Isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is a parasomnia characterized by dream enactment. It represents a prodromal state of α-synucleinopathies, like Parkinson’s disease. In recent years, biomarkers of increased risk of phenoconversion from iRBD to overt α-synucleinopathies have been identified. Currently, diagnosis and monitoring rely on self-reported reports and polysomnography (PSG) performed in the sleep lab, which is limited in availability and cost-intensive. Wearable technologies and computerized algorithms may provide comfortable and cost-efficient means to not only improve the identification of patients with iRBD but also to monitor risk factors of phenoconversion. In this work, we review studies using these technologies to identify iRBD or monitor phenoconversion biomarkers.

Methods
A review of articles published until May 31, 2022 using the Medline database was performed. We included only papers in which participants with RBD were part of the study population. The selected papers were divided into four sessions: actigraphy, gait analysis systems, computerized algorithms, and novel technologies.

Results
In total, 25 articles were included in the review. Actigraphy, wearable accelerometers, pressure mats, smartphones, tablets, and algorithms based on PSG signals were used to identify RBD and monitor the phenoconversion. Rest–activity patterns, core body temperature, gait, and sleep parameters were able to identify the different stages of the disease.

Conclusions
These tools may complement current diagnostic systems in the future, providing objective ambulatory data obtained comfortably and inexpensively. Consequently, screening for iRBD and follow-up will be more accessible for the concerned patient cohort.
The duration of caffeine treatment plays an essential role in its effect on sleep and circadian rhythm
Authors: Segu Aishwarya , Kannan Nisha N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sleep is regulated by the homeostatic system and the circadian clock. Caffeine intake promotes wakefulness in Drosophila. In humans, caffeine is consumed on a daily basis and hence it is important to understand the effect of prolonged caffeine intake on both circadian and homeostatic regulation of sleep. Furthermore, sleep changes with age and the impact of caffeine on age-dependent sleep fragmentation are yet to be understood. Hence in the present study, we examined the effect of short exposure to caffeine on homeostatic sleep and age-dependent sleep fragmentation in Drosophila. We further assessed the effect of prolonged exposure to caffeine on homeostatic sleep and circadian clock. The results of our study showed that short exposure to caffeine reduces sleep and food intake in mature flies. It also enhances sleep fragmentation with increasing age. However, we have not assessed the effect of caffeine on food intake in older flies. On the other hand, prolonged caffeine exposure did not exert any significant effect on the duration of sleep and food intake in mature flies. Nevertheless, prolonged caffeine ingestion decreased the morning and evening anticipatory activity in these flies indicating that it affects the circadian rhythm. These flies also exhibited phase delay in the clock gene timeless transcript oscillation and exhibited either behavioral arrhythmicity or a longer free-running period under constant darkness. In summary, the results of our studies showed that short exposure to caffeine increases the sleep fragmentation with age whereas prolonged caffeine exposure disrupts the circadian clock.
New Phylogenetic Markov Models for Inapplicable Morphological Characters
Authors: Tarasov Sergei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article proposes new Markov models for phylogenetic inference with anatomically dependent (inapplicable) morphological characters. The proposed models can explicitly model an anatomical dependency in which one or several characters are allowed to evolve only within a specific state of the hierarchically upstream character. The new models come up in two main types depending on the type of character hierarchy. The functions for constructing custom character hierarchies are provided in the R package rphenoscate. The performance of the new models is assessed using theory and simulations. This article provides practical recommendations for using the new models in Bayesian phylogenetic inference with RevBayes. [Bayesian; inapplicable characters; likelihood; Markov models; morphology; parsimony; RevBayes.]
Availability analysis of private cloud safety computer platform based on the Markov process
Authors: Fu Limin , Wen Jiakun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To ensure the correctness of train control system design and development, the ways of simulation, test and formalization were compared. According to the safe critical attribute of train control system, the characters related to system safety were propounded such as real time, hybrid, distribution (concurrence) and reactivity, and the specific formal methods associated with every character were introduced in details. The analysis and classification of the methods were done based on their mathematical basis and applications, and their advantages and disadvantages were given.Analysis result indicates that every method has determinate limitations, which is determined by the essences of model checking and theory proving. It is pointed out that the presentation of new method, the expansion of existing methods and the integration of many methods will be the development trend of formalization in train control system.
Driving Outcomes and Improving Documentation with Long-Wave Infrared Thermography in a Long-term Acute Care Hospital
Authors: Holster Mindy 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE
Hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) have been increasing nationally, and unfortunately, long-term acute care hospitals (LTACHs) continue to report the highest prevalence and incidence.
1,2
To help reduce HAPI rates and to increase healing rates of all pressure injuries (PIs), including those that are present on admission, a 23-bed LTACH implemented a HAPI prevention and treatment protocol using new technology as a tool for patient skin assessments.

METHODS
A 75-day evaluation using long-wave infrared thermography (LWIT) was conducted for all patients admitted to the facility in conjunction with new PI treatment and prevention bundles that were created by the skin care team. Every PI was imaged using LWIT, which provided a photographic image of the PI, as well as a thermal image of the subcutaneous tissue underneath. This enabled staff to implement treatment and prevention measures as soon as possible.

RESULTS
After the 75-day evaluation, the LTACH decided to make LWIT a permanent tool in their HAPI treatment and prevention program. For 10 months, the LTACH sustained a zero HAPI rate using the new treatment and prevention program including LWIT.

CONCLUSIONS
The LTACH demonstrated that LWIT technology was an invaluable tool in the prevention and treatment of PIs. The use of LWIT has become common practice in this facility. The LTACH facility maintained a zero HAPI rate for 10 months after implementation of LWIT.
Safety, Efficacy, and Clinical Outcomes of Dexmedetomidine for Sedation in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hatfield Jordan , Soto Alexandria L. , Kelly-Hedrick Margot , Kaplan Samantha , Komisarow Jordan M. , Ohnuma Tetsu , Krishnamoorthy Vijay 
Published: February 2023

Dexmedetomidine is a promising alternative sedative agent for moderate-severe Traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Although the data are limited, the posited benefits of dexmedetomidine in this population are a reduction in secondary brain injury compared with current standard sedative regimens. In this scoping review, we critically appraised the literature to examine the effects of dexmedetomidine in patients with moderate-severe TBI to examine the safety, efficacy, and cerebral and systemic physiological outcomes within this population. We sought to identify gaps in the literature and generate directions for future research. Two researchers and a librarian queried PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and APA PsycINFO databases. Of 920 studies imported for screening, 11 were identified for inclusion in the review. The primary outcomes in the included studied were cerebral physiology, systemic hemodynamics, sedation levels and delirium, and the presence of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity. Dexmedetomidine dosing ranged from 0.2 to 1 ug/kg/h, with 3 studies using initial boluses of 0.8 to 1.0 ug/kg over 10 minutes. Dexmedetomidine used independently or as an adjunct seems to exhibit a similar hemodynamic safety profile compared with standard sedation regimens, albeit with transient episodes of bradycardia and hypotension, decrease episodes of agitation and may serve to alleviate symptoms of sympathetic hyperactivity. This scoping review suggests that dexmedetomidine is a safe and efficacious sedation strategy in patients with TBI. Given its rapid onset of action and anxiolytic properties, dexmedetomidine may serve as a feasible sedative for TBI patients.
Patella Fracture Fixation With Novel Wagon Wheel Construct Versus Tension-Band Construct: A Technical Trick
Authors: Cancio-Bello Alexandra M. , Owen Aaron R. , Kuttner Nicolas P. , Hidden Krystin A. , Cross William W. , Yuan Brandon J. , Sems Stephen A. 
Published: February 2023

Summary:
Internal fixation of patella fractures remains technically challenging. Cannulated screws with an anterior tension band have been associated with high rates of implant prominence, and fracture comminution can make appropriate application of a tension band impractical. We present the results of a novel technique using a transtendinous/transligamentous mini-fragment plate positioned peripherally around the patella with radially directed screws: termed the wagon-wheel (WW) construct. Compared with a cohort of fractures treated with cannulated screws with an anterior tension band, there was no difference in final range of motion and rate of nonunion. The WW construct had a significantly decreased incidence of symptomatic implants (5% vs. 32%, P = 0.02), rate of reoperation (9% vs. 38%, P = 0.018), dependency on gait aids (10% vs. 38%, P = 0.031), and a faster time to union (HR: 2.2; 95% CI, 1.28–3.95, P = 0.005). In summary, the WW was designed with the goal of obtaining peripheral plate fixation to maximize fragment-specific fixation while minimizing implant prominence. Patients treated with the WW demonstrated reduced rates of implant prominence and reoperation.