bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability, optimum ultrasonication, and thermal and electrical conductivity estimation in low concentrations of Al12Mg17 nanofluid by dynamic light scattering and beam displacement method
Authors: Javadipour Soroush , Shokuhfar Ali , Heidary Zeinab , Amiri Roshkhar Mohammad Amin , Homayouni Keyvan , Rezaei Fatemeh , Zolriasatein Ashkan , Shahhosseini Shahrokh , Rashidi Alimorad , Khamoushi S. M. Mahdi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe thermal conductivity and stability of nanofluids pose challenges for their use as coolants in thermal applications. The present study investigates the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of an Al12Mg17 nanofluid through the utilization of a novel beam displacement method. The study also examines the nanofluid's stability, particle size distribution (PSD), TEM micrograph, and electrical conductivity. From three distinct categories of surfactants, a particular surfactant (CTAB) was chosen to disperse Al12Mg17 nanoparticles in DI water, and subsequently, a two-step method was employed to generate the nanofluid. Dispersion stability is visually monitored and quantified with a zeta potential test. HTC and PSD are measured using optical setups. To evaluate the results, the HTC obtained from the beam displacement method is compared with that of the KD2 Pro apparatus, and the PSD findings are analyzed through TEM micrographs. The results show that a 0.16 vol.% CTAB is the maximum stability for 0.025 vol.% Al12Mg17 nanofluid properly. The optimum ultrasonication period is 2 h, yielding a peak PSD of 154 nm. Increasing nanoparticle concentration enhances HTC up to 40% compared to the base fluid at 0.05 vol.%. Electrical conductivity increases linearly from 155 to 188 μ$${\rm S}/\mathrm{cm}$$

S
/
cm

with nanoparticle concentration. Optical methods for measuring HTC in nanofluids offer the advantage of early results, prior to bulk motion. Thus, the application of nanofluids in thermal systems necessitates the development of optical techniques to improve accuracy.
Factors affecting insulation failure in reusable surgical devices
Authors: Homma Takahiro , Uehara Hirofumi , Saji Hisashi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the associated factors of insulation failure (IF) in reusable endoscopic instruments. The insulation coating of reusable endoscopic instruments underwent routine visual checks, hand washing to remove visible stains, and mechanized sterilization. We recorded the cleaning number and usage period of all instruments. The instruments were tested for IF using a detector. IF was found in eight of 69 devices (11.6%). Examining by clinical specialty, we found IF in 4 of 28 gastrointestinal (14.3%), 3 of 20 gynecological (15.0%), 1 of 12 urological (8.3%), and none of the nine thoracic devices. The median distance from the tip to the damaged part was 5 cm (3–5 cm). In the IF and the intact groups, the period of use [7 years (6–8) versus 7 years (4–8), P = 0.90] and the number of cleanings [281 (261–323) versus 261 (179–320), P = 0.27] were not significantly different. The IF group included products of three different companies; however, six of the eight (75.0%) were from the same company. Cleaning methods and usage period have a lower impact on IF. The use of reusable forceps as a monopolar device was found to pose a higher risk, requiring regular assessments.
Induction of open-form bile canaliculus formation by hepatocytes for evaluation of biliary drug excretion
Authors: Arakawa Hiroshi , Nakazono Yuya , Matsuoka Natsumi , Hayashi Momoka , Shirasaka Yoshiyuki , Hirao Atsushi , Tamai Ikumi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiliary excretion is a major drug elimination pathway that affects their efficacy and safety. The currently available in vitro sandwich-cultured hepatocyte method is cumbersome because drugs accumulate in the closed bile canalicular lumen formed between hepatocytes and their amounts cannot be mealsured directly. This study proposes a hepatocyte culture model for the rapid evaluation of drug biliary excretion using permeation assays. When hepatocytes are cultured on a permeable support coated with the cell adhesion protein claudins, an open-form bile canalicular lumen is formed at the surface of the permeable support. Upon application to the basolateral (blood) side, drugs appear on the bile canalicular side. The biliary excretion clearance of several drugs, as estimated from the obtained permeabilities, correlates well with the reported in vivo biliary excretion clearance in humans. Thus, the established model is useful for applications in the efficient evaluation of biliary excretion during drug discovery and development.
Single B-vacancy enriched α1-borophene sheet: an efficient metal-free electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction
Authors: Roy Prodyut , Ghoshal Sourav , Pramanik Anup , Sarkar Pranab 
Published: August 2023

First principles calculations are performed to see the efficacy of pristine (α1) and different defective (α1−t1, α1−t2) borophene sheets as metal-free electrocatalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction.
Thiophene BODIPY-substituted cyclotriphosphazene-derived photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy applications
Authors: Yıldız Gül Elif , Erdem Murat , Kazan Hasan Hüseyin , Tanrıverdi Eçik Esra 
Published: August 2023

Molecular design and synthesis of cyclotriphosphazene-BODIPY-based PSs based on a halogen atom-enhanced ISC process were carried out and their photophysical behaviors, ROS production abilities and finally in vitro PDT potentials were investigated.
The immunology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Smart Charles Duncan , Madhur Meena S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) now accounts for the majority of new heart failure diagnoses and continues to increase in prevalence in the United States. Importantly, HFpEF is a highly morbid, heterogeneous syndrome lacking effective therapies. Inflammation has emerged as a potential contributor to the pathogenesis of HFpEF. Many of the risk factors for HFpEF are also associated with chronic inflammation, such as obesity, hypertension, aging, and renal dysfunction. A large amount of preclinical evidence suggests that immune cells and their associated cytokines play important roles in mediating fibrosis, oxidative stress, metabolic derangements, and endothelial dysfunction, all potentially important processes in HFpEF. How inflammation contributes to HFpEF pathogenesis, however, remains poorly understood. Recently, a variety of preclinical models have emerged which may yield much needed insights into the causal relationships between risk factors and the development of HFpEF, including the role of specific immune cell subsets or inflammatory pathways. Here, we review evidence in animal models and humans implicating inflammation as a mediator of HFpEF and identify gaps in knowledge requiring further study. As the understanding between inflammation and HFpEF evolves, it is hoped that a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying immune cell activation in HFpEF can open up new therapeutic avenues.
Comprehensive Assessments of Theory of Mind Abilities for School-Age Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Poll Gerard H. , Drexler Sherilyn , Huntington Allison , Galindo Mackenzie , Galack Alexa 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Theory of mind involves perceiving both the thoughts and emotions of others. Theory of mind skills continue to develop in school-age individuals. For children at risk for social communication difficulties, evaluating theory of mind is warranted to determine whether theory of mind should be a target of intervention. There are hundreds of tasks designed to evaluate theory of mind, but many evaluate a single facet of the construct and have uneven psychometric properties. Comprehensive assessments evaluate both cognitive and affective aspects of theory of mind. The purpose of this systematic review was to identify comprehensive theory of mind assessments for school-age individuals and to critically appraise their measurement properties.

Method:
Four databases were searched to identify 27 included records describing the measurement properties of comprehensive theory of mind assessments for 5- to 21-year-olds. Assessments appearing in at least three records were included. The methodological quality of the studies and the sufficiency of assessments' measurement properties were evaluated using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN).

Results:
Nine assessments were evaluated, and four met COSMIN standards for sufficient content validity and internal consistency to be recommended for clinical use.

Conclusions:
Comprehensive assessments enable examiners to develop a profile of children's theory of mind strengths and needs. Strengths of the identified assessments include sufficient convergent validity and internal consistency. Further research is required to develop higher quality evidence for the content validity, structural validity, and reliability of the included assessments.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23817495
Understanding the Microstructure and Macrostructure Narrative Skills of Bilingual Adolescents in Relation to Their Language Experience
Authors: del Carmen Perez Cecilia , Pratt Amy S. , Rodriguez Erin M. , Peña Elizabeth D. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Narratives have been a useful tool for evaluating language skills in young bilingual children. This study extends that work to bilingual adolescents by (a) describing their narrative skills and (b) evaluating the role of current language experience on measures of narrative micro- and macrostructure across Spanish and English.

Method:
Sixty-five Spanish–English bilingual adolescents, ages 10–15 years, were administered the Test of Narrative Language (TNL) in English and Spanish. Language samples were transcribed and coded for elements of narrative microstructure. Parents provided information about participants' current language experience.

Results:
Means and standard deviations were reported for microstructure composites, TNL comprehension subtests, and TNL production subtests in Spanish and English. Findings showed differential effects of current English experience on narrative performance across Spanish and English, such that experience significantly explained 12%, 10%, and 20% of the variance in participants' microstructure scores, narrative comprehension, and narrative production in Spanish, respectively. Language experience was unrelated to performance across all English narrative measures.

Conclusions:
Findings suggest that continued use of Spanish may be important for bilinguals' maintenance of the home language during adolescence, particularly on narrative tasks that require bilinguals to produce Spanish. However, experience is insufficient to explain the variability in bilinguals' narrative skills across Spanish and English.
Hearing Loss in Children: Critical Medical Education Delivered as Massive Open Online Course
Authors: Raven Sarah A. , Mott Nicole M. , Ibrahim Nadine I. , Cole Crystal A. , Munzer Tiffany G. , Handelsman Jaynee , Vereb Anita F. , Hashikawa Andrew N. , Bohm Lauren A. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Although early identification of pediatric hearing loss is crucial, a formal online training course has not been freely accessible to a global audience. In response, we created a novel course for health professionals worldwide.

Method:
Course development occurred from February 2019 to May 2020. Seventeen multidisciplinary experts provided video lectures and demonstrations, including a tour of ear anatomy, operating footage of cochlear implant insertion, and demonstrations of children undergoing hearing testing. Content also included steps for interpreting audiograms, an overview of early screening programs, interviews with deaf/hard of hearing children, and an introduction to public health/educational infrastructure. The course was hosted on Coursera and launched on May 4, 2020.

Results:

The course was approved for 11.5 Continuing Medical Education and American Board of Pediatrics Maintenance of Certification–Part 2 credits and spanned five modules composed of 50 video learning segments: (a) Ear Anatomy, (b) Hearing Loss and Assessments, (c) Hearing Loss Diagnosis and Impact on Speech and Language Development, (d) Interventions for Hearing Loss, and (e) Pediatric Vestibular System and Balance. Since its launch, 6,556 learners have enrolled and 1,540 have fully completed the course: 50% were 25–34 years old, 62% were women, and 43% were from Asia. Average rating was 4.9/5 (
n
= 180 reviews).

Conclusions:
We created a freely accessible course for a global audience that provides a broad overview of pediatric hearing loss. Our multidisciplinary approach addresses an educational gap and can serve as a model for developing other online courses.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23929650
Active and reactive power coordinated optimization of active distribution networks considering dynamic reconfiguration and SOP
Authors: Li Chen , Dai Yao , Wang Peng , Xia Shiwei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a day‐ahead active and reactive power coordinated optimization strategy for active distribution networks (ADNs) with dynamic reconfiguration and soft open point (SOP) is proposed. Firstly, the model of dynamic reconfiguration of distribution networks and SOP are established. Afterward, the day‐ahead active and reactive power coordinated optimization model of ADNs is established to minimize ADNs daily operation cost with consideration of the operation constraints of distributed generation, reactive power compensation equipment, dynamic reconfiguration of distribution networks and SOP. Then the model is converted into a mixed‐integer second‐order cone programming problem by using the Big‐M method and the second‐order cone relaxation and afterward is solved by YALMIP and CPLEX. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed second‐order cone optimization model is validated by a modified IEEE 33‐node power distribution network.
A diversified portfolio of tokenised revenue streams can provide hedging opportunities for renewable electricity generators
Authors: de Villiers Almero , Byrne Julie , Cuffe Paul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe revenue streams of renewable energy generators are subject to both price and volumetric risks, owing to the variable nature of weather patterns. This negatively impacts viability of the generation projects. Blockchain‐based decentralised finance methods may present new means for generators to hedge against such volatility. Tokenised revenue streams (RevToks) as a novel tool for electrical generators is proposed. By holding a RevTok, a participant can directly claim a portion of that generator's revenue. To articulate how such exotic financial arrangements may benefit renewable generators, a case study market simulation is performed. Generators can trade RevToks to diversify their cash flows, decreasing their variance and thus overall risk exposure. The simulation uses Multiportfolio Theory — an extension of Modern Portfolio Theory — to optimise the RevTok holdings of all generators simultaneously. Examining the results show that RevTok trades occur between generators of varying technology and remuneration schema. By trading RevToks amongst themselves, all generators achieve far less volatile revenue streams, while maintaining constant expected revenues. Thus, the RevTok paradigm potentially offers improved revenue hedging when compared to established methods for energy firms. Results show that implementing such a blockchain‐based arrangement for existing central pool operators unlocks downstream opportunities for renewable generators.
How much large dust could be present in hot exozodiacal dust systems?
Authors: Stuber T. A. , Kirchschlager F. , Pearce T. D. , Ertel S. , Krivov A. V. , Wolf S. 
Published: August 2023

Context. An infrared excess over the stellar photospheric emission of main-sequence stars has been found in interferometric surveys, commonly attributed to the presence of hot exozodiacal dust (HEZD). While submicrometer-sized grains in close vicinity to their host star have been inferred to be responsible for the found near-infrared excesses, the presence and amount of larger grains as part of the dust distributions are weakly constrained.
Aims. We quantify how many larger grains (above-micrometer-sized) could be present in addition to submicrometer-sized grains, while being consistent with observational constraints. This is important in order to distinguish between various scenarios for the origin of HEZD and to better estimate its observational appearance when observed with future instruments.
Methods. We extended a model suitable to reproduce current observations of HEZD to investigate a bimodal size distribution. By deriving the characteristics of dust distributions whose observables are consistent with observational limits from interferometric measurements in the K and N bands we constrained the radii of sub- and above-micrometer-sized grains as well as their mass, number, and flux density ratios.
Results. In the most extreme cases of some of the investigated systems, large grains ≳10 µm might dominate the mass budget of HEZD while contributing up to 25 % of the total flux density originating from the dust at a wavelength of 2.13 µm and up to 50 % at a wavelength of 4.1 µm; at a wavelength of 11.1 µm their emission might clearly dominate over the emission of small grains. While it is not possible to detect such hot-dust distributions using ALMA, the ngVLA might allow us to detect HEZD at millimeter wavelengths.
Conclusions. Large dust grains (above-micrometer-sized) might have a more important impact on the observational appearance of HEZD than previously assumed, especially at longer wavelengths.
Reversing the verdict: Cataclysmic variables could be the dominant progenitors of AM CVn binaries after all
Authors: Belloni Diogo , Schreiber Matthias R. 
Published: August 2023

Context.AM CVn binaries are potential progenitors of thermonuclear supernovae and strong sources of persistent gravitational wave radiation. For a long time, it has been believed that these systems cannot descend from cataclysmic variables (CVs), at least not in large numbers, because the initial conditions need to be fine-tuned and, even worse, the resulting surface hydrogen abundance would be high enough to be detected which contradicts a defining feature of AM CVn binaries.Aims.Here we show that both claimed weaknesses of the CV formation channel for AM CVn binaries are model-dependent and rely on poorly constrained assumptions for magnetic braking.Methods.We performed binary evolution simulations with the MESA code for different combinations of post-common-envelope white dwarf and companion masses as well as orbital periods assuming the CARB model for strong magnetic braking.Results.We found that AM CVn binaries with extremely-low surface hydrogen abundances are one natural outcome of CV evolution if the donor star has developed a non-negligible helium core prior to the onset of mass transfer. In this case, after hydrogen envelope exhaustion during CV evolution, the donor becomes degenerate and its surface hydrogen abundance substantially drops and becomes undetectable. Our simulations also show that the CV formation channel is able to explain the observed AM CVn binaries with very low mass and bloated donor stars (Gaia14aae and ZTF J1637+49).Conclusions.CVs with evolved donors are likely the progenitors of at least a fraction of AM CVn binaries.
S3-Leitlinie Klinische Ernährung in der Chirurgie der
Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährungsmedizin (DGEM)
e. V.
Authors: Weimann Arved , Breitenstein Stefan , Gabor Sabine , Holland-Cunz Stefan , Kemen Matthias , Längle Friedrich , Martignoni Marc , Rayes Nada , Reith Bernd , Schweinlin Anna , Schwenk Wolfgang , Seehofer Daniel , Senkal Metin , Stoppe Christian 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Vermeidung einer ausgeprägten Katabolie nach chirurgischen Eingriffen
mit frühem postoperativen Kostaufbau und Mobilisierung zur raschen
Rekonvaleszenz ist heute der Standard des perioperativen Management im so
genannten Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Konzept. So ist die
frühe orale Nahrungszufuhr auch die bevorzugte Form der postoperativen
Ernährung. Gemessen am Kalorienbedarf ist jedoch gerade nach Eingriffen
am oberen Gastrointestinaltrakt für längere Zeit von einer
verminderten Nahrungsaufnahme auszugehen. Dies birgt grundsätzlich das
Risiko eines fortschreitenden Gewichtsverlusts und einer Unterernährung
der Patienten während des postoperativen Verlaufs. Mangel- und
Unterernährung stellen signifikante Risikofaktoren für
postoperative Komplikationen dar. So ist die frühe enterale
Ernährung besonders für chirurgische Patienten mit einem bereits
bestehenden Ernährungsrisiko wichtig. Der Fokus dieser Leitlinie liegt
besonders auf den ernährungstherapeutischen Aspekten des ERAS Konzeptes
(Plan A). Dies betrifft präoperativ Strategien zur Konditionierung
(„Prähabilitation“). Postoperativ können trotz
bestmöglicher Versorgung schwere Komplikationen mit der Notwendigkeit
zur Reoperation und Intensivtherapie eintreten, die eine besondere, auch
medizinische (künstliche) Ernährungstherapie erforderlich machen
(Plan B)Aus der Stoffwechsel- und Ernährungsperspektive sind folgende Aspekte in
der perioperativen Versorgung zentral:Integration der Ernährung in das gesamte perioperative Management des
PatientenVermeidung von längeren perioperativen Nüchternheitsperioden▪ Möglichst frühe Wiederaufnahme der oralen Ernährung nach
chirurgischen Eingriffen▪ früher Start einer Ernährungstherapie bei Patienten mit
metabolischem Risiko▪ metabolische Kontrolle z. B. des Blutzuckers▪ Reduzierung von Faktoren, die Stress und Katabolie induzieren oder die
gastrointestinale Funktion beeinträchtigen▪ Zurückhaltende Gabe von Medikamenten mit ungünstigem Einfluss auf
die Darmperistaltik▪ frühe Mobilisation zur Stimulierung der Proteinsynthese und der
MuskelfunktionDiese Leitlinie präsentiert insgesamt Empfehlungen für die
tägliche klinische Praxis
Notfälle in der medikamentösen Tumortherapie – Operative Indikationen unter Systemtherapie
Authors: Rieger Constantin , Pfister David , Heidenreich Axel 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungOperative Indikationen aufgrund von Nebenwirkungen unter Systemtherapie bei einem metastasierten Tumor des Urogenitaltrakts sind selten. Nichtsdestotrotz gibt es eine Reihe von Notfällen, welche eine rasche Intervention erfordern und von jedem Uroonkologen erkannt werden sollten. Die folgende Übersichtarbeit wird wichtige Nebenwirkungen mit der Notwendigkeit einer operativen Therapie herausarbeiten, indem die wesentlichen Symptome sowie das initiale Management dargestellt werden.