bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HPLC‐TBARS‐EVSC (high‐performance liquid chromatography–thiobarbituric acid reactive substances–ex vivo stratum corneum) protocol: Selection of the subjects and approach to present the results
Authors: Marques Gabriela de Argollo , Hiraishi Camila Faustino , Macedo Pedro Ivo de Souza , Pinto Claudineia Aparecida Sales de Oliveira , Gregório João , Rosado Catarina , Velasco Maria Valéria Robles , Baby André Rolim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveNowadays, it is recognized the need for improved safety and efficacy protocols to evaluate the human stratum corneum (SC) and its interaction with topical and cosmetic formulations by minimally or non‐invasive methodologies. The aim of our research work was to streamline the HPLC‐TBARS‐EVSC (high‐performance liquid chromatography–thiobarbituric acid reactive substances–ex vivo stratum corneum) methodology, by exploring the results of a group of 18 subjects.MethodsThe study included nine women and nine men aged between 19 and 57 years old with phototypes from II to V. Sites in the forearm of each volunteer were randomly delimited, and the SC was collected by tape stripping. HPLC was used to quantify the MDA‐TBA2 (malondialdehyde–thiobarbituric acid) adduct from the tape‐stripped SC, irradiated and not by an ultraviolet (UV) simulator chamber.ResultsObserving the findings of our present investigation, and the statistical approach applied, the use of the ratio between the treatment site and control would be an adequate strategy to better discriminate and evaluate the results. Additionally, an optimal selection of the volunteers to respond specifically to the purpose of the ex vivo assay also can be considered advantageous.ConclusionsIt seemed that in future studies focusing on the impact of SC UV‐induced lipid peroxidation, determined by the HPLC‐TBARS‐EVSC, the most suitable subjects are females aged less than 35 years old, with phototype II.
Schizophrenia in autistic people with intellectual disabilities: Symptom manifestations and identification
Authors: Bakken Trine Lise , Kildahl Arvid Nikolai , Ludvigsen Linn Beate , Bjørgen Tale Gjertine , Dalhaug Caroline , Hellerud Jane Margrete Askeland , Hove Oddbjørn , Solheim‐Inderberg Ann Magritt , Karlsen Kjersti , Helverschou Sissel Berge 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe assessment of schizophrenia in autistic people with intellectual disabilities is challenging. This study aimed to explore the identification of schizophrenia in this population.MethodsUsing data from a clinical multi‐centre study, reported symptoms in 26 autistic individuals with intellectual disabilities diagnosed with co‐occurring schizophrenia were explored. Scores on two checklists (Psychopathology in Autism Checklist [PAC], Aberrant Behaviour Checklist [ABC]) were compared with two comparison groups: autistic individuals with intellectual disabilities and other mental disorders (94), or no mental disorder (63).ResultsReported symptoms of schizophrenia in this population met the formal diagnostic criteria. For PAC/ABC scales, only PAC psychosis differed for the schizophrenia group. Among participants with schizophrenia, two were diagnosed with additional mental disorders. Elevated scores for anxiety and depression were common.ConclusionsEmphasising core symptoms seems necessary when assessing co‐occurring schizophrenia in autistic people with intellectual disabilities. The PAC may serve as a helpful screening tool.
Tapping into the unimpossible: Philosophical health in lives with spinal cord injury
Authors: de Miranda Luis , Levi Richard , Divanoglou Anestis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe investigated the personal philosophies of eight persons with a tetraplegic condition (four male, four female), all living in Sweden with a chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) and all reporting a good life. Our purpose was to discover if there is a philosophical mindset that may play a role in living a good life with a traumatic SCI.MethodsTwo rounds of in‐depth qualitative interviews were performed by the same interviewer, a philosophical practitioner by training (de Miranda). The second round systematically covered the following elements: bodily sense, sense of self, sense of belonging, sense of the possible, sense of purpose and philosophical sense. This six‐step method developed by de Miranda is called SMILE_PH, an acronym for Sense‐Making Interviews Looking at Elements of Philosophical Health.ResultsAll the interviewees, as a consequence of their trauma, reported having gone through a reinvention of themselves which implied questioning the meaning and purpose of their life in particular and life in general. A philosophical rather than realistic sense of the possible was abstracted toward teleological growth. All interviewees developed a sense of purpose based on self‐interested altruism and solidarity with disabled peers.ConclusionsTo reinvent a good life with SCI, in addition to physical training and willpower, one needs to consider philosophical questions about the self and life, what Kant called the cosmic interests of reason: What may I hope? What must I do? What can I know? Our results indicate that we should, in the future, explore what the philosophical health approach may bring to rehabilitation processes in the months or years that follow the trauma.
Cerebral blood flow in patients recovered from mild COVID‐19
Authors: Sen Souvik , Newman‐Norlund Roger , Riccardi Nicholas , Rorden Christopher , Newman‐Norlund Sarah , Sayers Sara , Fridriksson Julius , Logue Makenzie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeCerebral hypoperfusion has been described in both severe and mild forms of symptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection. The purpose of this study was to investigate global and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in asymptomatic COVID‐19 patients.MethodsCases with mild COVID‐19 infection and age‐, sex‐, and race‐matched healthy controls were drawn from the Aging Brain Consortium at The University of South Carolina data repository. Demographics, risk factors, and data from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment were collected. Mean CBF values for gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), and the whole brain were calculated by averaging CBF values of standard space‐normalized CBF image values falling within GM and WM masks. Whole brain region of interest‐based analyses were used to create standardized CBF maps and explore differences between groups.ResultsTwenty‐eight cases with prior mild COVID‐19 infection were compared with 28 controls. Whole‐brain CBF (46.7 ± 5.6 vs. 49.3 ± 3.7, p = .05) and WM CBF (29.3 ± 2.6 vs. 31.0 ± 1.6, p = .03) were noted to be significantly lower in COVID‐19 cases as compared to controls. Predictive models based on these data predicted COVID‐19 group membership with a high degree of accuracy (85.2%, p < .001), suggesting CBF patterns are an imaging marker of mild COVID‐19 infection.ConclusionIn this study, lower WM CBF, as well as widespread regional CBF changes identified using quantitative MRI, was found in mild COVID‐19 patients. Further studies are needed to determine the reliability of this newly identified COVID‐19 brain imaging marker and determine what drives these CBF changes.
The Influence of Sagittal Angle of Posterior Malleolus Fracture on Ankle Joint Stability: A Retrospective Study of 120 Cases
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yang Yuening , Peng Xiaoyao , Xiong Jixiang , Sun Xinghao , Xia Zhangrong , Xiong Bin , Wang Guoyou 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveDue to the different force exerted during the posterior malleolus fracture (PMF), the difference in sagittal angle (SA) between the fracture fragments may affect ankle stability. But this aspect is less well studied and the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between SA and the stability of PMF.MethodsThe imaging data of 120 patients with PMFs from January 2014 to November 2022 were collected retrospectively and reconstructed. We first measured SA, posterior fragment area (PFA) and fragment area ratio (FAR), reanalyzing the correlation of SA with PFA and FAR, respectively. To better describe the morphological characteristics of the fracture fragments, we further measured the fragment width diameter ratio (FWR), the fragment length ratio (FLR), fragment height (FH), contact area (CA), and finally carried these data into the regression model of SA versus FAR to conduct the intermediary role.ResultsSA was negatively correlated with PFA(s) (r = −0.583, P < 0.001), with regression equation s = −0.063SA + 3.066; SA was negatively correlated with FAR (r = −0.204, P < 0.05), with regression equation FAR = −0.002SA + 0.198; A significant correlation was found between FWR, FLR, FH, CA and SA (P < 0.05), as well as between FWR, FLR, FH and FAR (P < 0.05); Further intermediary role analysis showed that FWR, FLR, FH had a partial intermediary role between SA and FAR.ConclusionsAs SA increased, PFA and FAR decreased, so the larger the SA was due to the effect of vertical shear force, reflecting higher ankle stability, meanwhile, FWR, FLR and FH should also be considered on the fixation method of fracture fragments.
Plant NADPH‐dependent thioredoxin reductases are crucial for the metabolism of sink leaves and plant acclimation to elevated CO2
Authors: Souza Paulo V. L. , Hou Liang‐Yu , Sun Hu , Poeker Louis , Lehman Martin , Bahadar Humaira , Domingues‐Junior Adilson P. , Dard Avilien , Bariat Laetitia , Reichheld Jean‐Philippe , Silveira Joaquim Albenisio G. , Fernie Alisdair R. , Timm Stefan , Geigenberger Peter , Daloso Danilo M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlants contain three NADPH‐thioredoxin reductases (NTR) located in the cytosol/mitochondria (NTRA/B) and the plastid (NTRC) with important metabolic functions. However, mutants deficient in all NTRs remained to be investigated. Here, we generated and characterised the triple Arabidopsis ntrabc mutant alongside with ntrc single and ntrab double mutants under different environmental conditions. Both ntrc and ntrabc mutants showed reduced growth and substantial metabolic alterations, especially in sink leaves and under high CO2 (HC), as compared to the wild type. However, ntrabc showed higher effective quantum yield of PSII under both constant and fluctuating light conditions, altered redox states of NADH/NAD+ and glutathione (GSH/GSSG) and lower potential quantum yield of PSII in sink leaves in ambient but not high CO2 concentrations, as compared to ntrc, suggesting a functional interaction between chloroplastic and extra‐chloroplastic NTRs in photosynthesis regulation depending on leaf development and environmental conditions. Our results unveil a previously unknown role of the NTR system in regulating sink leaf metabolism and plant acclimation to HC, while it is not affecting full plant development, indicating that the lack of the NTR system can be compensated, at least to some extent, by other redox mechanisms.
The emerging key role of reactive sulfur species in abiotic stress tolerance in plants
Authors: Alvi Ameena Fatima , Iqbal Noushina , Albaqami Mohammed , Khan Nafees A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn plants, sulfur plays a critical role in the formation of important biomolecules such as cysteine, methionine, and tripeptide glutathione. Thiol groups, composed of sulfur, are essential to numerous metabolic processes. The easy and reversible oxidation and reduction of thiol groups have drawn attention to the redox regulation of cellular metabolism. Reactive sulfur species (RSS), including hydrogen sulfide (H2S), persulfides, and polysulfides, are synthetized in all living organisms, mainly from cysteine, and have been recognized in the last two decades as very important molecules in redox regulation. RSS are considered potent signaling molecules, being involved in the regulation of virtually all aspects of cell function. With regard to stress, reactive species and the antioxidant machinery maintain a delicate balance that gets disturbed under stress conditions, wherein reactive species biosynthesis, transportation, scavenging, and overall metabolism become decisive for plant survival. While reactive oxygen and nitrogen species have been much discussed over recent years, research into RSS biosynthesis, signaling, and relation to abiotic stresses is still nascent. RSS evolved long before reactive oxygen species, and because both are metabolized by catalase, it has been suggested that “antioxidant” enzymes originally evolved to regulate RSS and may still do so today. In this review, we have tried to summarize the generation, signaling, and interaction of RSS in plant systems and to discuss in detail the roles under various abiotic stresses.
Cut-cell Eta Model: History and Challenges Overcome
Authors: Mesinger Fedor 
Published: June 2023

Incentive for writing a limited area weather prediction model stemmed from the author’s several years stay at the University of California in Los Angeles, at the end of the sixties. Exposed to what he refers to as the Akio Arakawa approach, having had an idea for a scheme that was an improvement to what Arakawa was using, and being aware of the importance of topography for the weather of the country he was to continue his career in, led in 1973 to his first limited area 3D code, the forerunner of what was to become the Eta model. Refinements and enhancements introduced by the author in subsequent years and of the collaborator he acquired, Zaviša Janjić, resulted in the code that when installed at the then U.S. National Meteorological Center, attracted attention. Hallmarks of the model were Mesinger’s eta vertical coordinate, and Janjić’s transformation of the Arakawa horizontal advection scheme to the model’s semi-staggered B/E grid. In 1993 the Eta became the primary regional forecasting model of the U.S. Weather Bureau, and in 1998 its precipitation accuracy of 24-48 h forecasts became higher across all intensity thresholds than that of its predecessor, the Nested Grid Model (NGM) for its 00-24 h forecasts. Lately, the Eta is extensively used also as a regional climate model (RCM), mostly over the South American domain, and in near-real time as a tool for the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR), run by the U.S. National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Climate Prediction Center. Several later unique numerical refinements of the Eta addressing problems noticed are summarized in a “before and after” fashion, and results are mentioned of its ensemble skill compared to that of its highly acclaimed driver European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) model.
Quaternion Variational Integration for Inertial Maneuvering in a Biomimetic Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Authors: Pons Arion , Cirak Fehmi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Biological flying, gliding, and falling creatures are capable of extraordinary forms of inertial maneuvering: free-space maneuvering based on fine control of their multibody dynamics, as typified by the self-righting reflexes of cats. However, designing inertial maneuvering capability into biomimetic robots, such as biomimetic unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), is challenging. Accurately simulating this maneuvering requires numerical integrators that can ensure both singularity-free integration, and momentum and energy conservation, in a strongly coupled system—properties unavailable in existing conventional integrators. In this work, we develop a pair of novel quaternion variational integrators (QVIs) showing these properties, and demonstrate their capability for simulating inertial maneuvering in a biomimetic UAV showing complex multibody dynamics coupling. Being quaternion-valued, these QVIs are innately singularity-free; and being variational, they can show excellent energy and momentum conservation properties. We explore the effect of variational integration order (left-rectangle versus midpoint) on the conservation properties of integrator, and conclude that in complex coupled systems in which canonical momenta may be time-varying, the midpoint integrator is required. The resulting midpoint QVI is well suited to the analysis of inertial maneuvering in a biomimetic UAV—a feature that we demonstrate in simulation—and of other complex dynamical systems.
The influence of Ahy1 strain of Acremonium hansfodii on functional response of Neoseiulus barkeri to Tetranychus urticae
Authors: Shang Su-Qin , Li Wei-Zhen , Chen Yao-Nian , Zhu Tong 
Published: June 2023

The two spotted spider mite (TSSM) Tetranychus urticae is one of the most economically key mite pests of fields and greenhouse crops over the world. In order to clarify the control efficacy of Neoseiulus barkeri on Tetranychus urticae in the presence of entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) Acremonium hansfodii. This study was conducted to evaluate the control of combining N. barkeri with A. hansfodii against T. urticae. The results showed that the functional response of N. barkeri treated with Ahy1 strain to T. urticae was Holling type II equation. Among these, the highest predation number and the shortest attack time were obtained for the predator feeding on eggs, then followed by feeding on nymphs, female adults ranked as the lowest. That of N. barkeri to T. urticae treated with Ahy1 strain was also Holling type II equation. The predation capacity of N. barkeri on nymphs and female adults of T. urticae treated by Ahy1 strain increased with the increase of the concentration of Ahy1 strain, but that when feeding eggs had no significant difference. Therefore, the combination of EPF with N. barkeri on control of TSSM had synergistic effects, which will provide the guidance to carry out combined utilization of entomogenous fungi with predatory mites.
The effects of the abamectin and spirodiclofen mixture on life history and population parameters of Amblyseius swirskii
Authors: Mousavi Ahmad , Kheradmand Katayoon , Fathipour Yaghoub , Mosallanejad Hadi , Havasi Mohammadreza 
Published: June 2023

In this study, three sublethal concentrations (LC5, LC15, and LC25) of Envidor®speed (Abamectin and Spirodiclofen mixture, 24% SC, Bayer co.) on the biological parameters of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Heneroit (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed on Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) was assessed based on the Two-sex life table theory under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 5% RH and 16:8 (L: D) hours). The data were analyzed based on a two-sex life table procedure. Increasing the sublethal concentration did have a significant effect on some life table parameters. The total lifespan of both males and females treated mites had a decreasing trend, for the females, it increased from 22.10 days in LC25 treatment to 42.67 days in control. The oviposition days of the predatory mite had the most differences between the LC15 and LC25 treatments compared to LC5 and control. Based on our results, the total fecundity is also affected by the acaricidal doses, which changed from 19.10 eggs per individual in LC25 to 37.17 eggs per individual in control. The net reproductive rate (R0), as well as the gross reproductive rate (GRR), were all significantly reduced with increasing the acaricide concentration. The control treatment had the maximum value, and the higher concentration treatment (LC25) had the slowest value of R0 and GRR. On the contrary, the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and finite rate of increase (λ) showed no significant differences with the increasing concentration of acaricide from the control to LC25 treatments. Eventually, with due attention to the large range value of each LCs for predatory mites concerning recommended concentration for T. urticae based on the active ingredient, the recommended concentration of Envidorspeed in IPM programs is unobstructed.
Interaction of Kinematic, Kinetic, and Energetic Predictors of Young Swimmers’ Speed
Authors: Morais Jorge E. , Barbosa Tiago M. , Bragada José A. , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Marinho Daniel A. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the interaction of kinematic, kinetic, and energetic variables as speed predictors in adolescent swimmers in the front-crawl stroke. Design: Ten boys (mean age [SD] = 16.4 [0.7] y) and 13 girls (mean age [SD] = 14.9 [0.9] y) were assessed. Methods: The swimming performance indicator was a 25-m sprint. A set of kinematic, kinetic (hydrodynamic and propulsion), and energetic variables was established as a key predictor of swimming performance. Multilevel software was used to model the maximum swimming speed. Results: The final model identified time (estimate = −0.008, P = .044), stroke frequency (estimate = 0.718, P < .001), active drag coefficient (estimate = −0.330, P = .004), lactate concentration (estimate = 0.019, P < .001), and critical speed (estimate = −0.150, P = .035) as significant predictors. Therefore, the interaction of kinematic, hydrodynamic, and energetic variables seems to be the main predictor of speed in adolescent swimmers. Conclusions: Coaches and practitioners should be aware that improvements in isolated variables may not translate into faster swimming speed. A multilevel evaluation may be required for a more effective assessment of the prediction of swimming speed based on several key variables rather than a single analysis.
An Analysis of Physical Education and Health Education Teacher Education Programs in the United States
Authors: Ward Phillip , Chey Won Seok , Kim Insook , Tsuda Emi , Ko Bomna , Deglau Dena , Cho Kyuil 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: There is little known about the state of teacher education programs in this field. The aim of this article is to provide a descriptive analysis of physical education and health education teacher education programs in the United States. Method: Using published curriculums, a census of active undergraduate teacher education programs and a more in-depth analysis of one program from each state based on interviews with program coordinators was conducted. Findings: Data are reported across nine categories: (a) institution and program classifications, (b) degree designations, (c) degree and major’s hours, (d) enrollment, (e) program status and trends, (f) admission and graduation requirements, (g) curricular time, (h) faculty demographics, and (i) health education. Conclusions: The data show that there is a broad interpretation of what counts as physical and health teacher education in terms of curriculum, and there are significant and pressing challenges for the field to address moving forward.
LXR Signaling-Mediated Cholesterol Metabolism Reprogramming Regulates Cancer Cell Metastasis
Authors: Singh Pankaj K. , Mehla Kamiya 
Published: June 2023

Metastasis is a key contributor to mortality in patients with cancer. While many regulators of metastasis have been identified, critical targets to prevent and inhibit metastatic tumor growth remain elusive. A recent study in this issue of Cancer Research by Deng and colleagues compared gene expression signatures between primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tumors and metastatic tumors and combined the analysis with genes induced in metastatic cancer cell lines, which identified anoctamin 1 (ANO1) as a key driver of metastasis. ANO1 caused cholesterol accumulation by inhibiting LXR signaling and decreased cholesterol hydroxylation by downregulating the expression of cholesterol hydroxylase CYP27A1. ANO1 also regulated tumor cell–fibroblast cross-talk that contributed to inflammatory cytokine signaling (IL1β) and metastasis. Through in silico analysis, the study identified a novel small-molecule inhibitor of ANO1 that decreased tumor burden at a metastatic site. These studies provide novel insights into the role of ANO1 in cellular cholesterol metabolism and associated signaling in mediating metastasis.See related article by Deng et al., p. 1851