bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting early extrahepatic recurrence after local treatment of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Wensink G E , Bolhuis Karen , Elferink Marloes A G , Fijneman Remond J A , Kranenburg Onno , Borel Rinkes Inne H M , Koopman Miriam , Swijnenburg Rutger-Jan , Vink Geraldine R , Hagendoorn Jeroen , Punt Cornelis J A , Roodhart Jeanine M L , Elias Sjoerd G 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Patients who develop early extrahepatic recurrence (EHR) may not benefit from local treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs). This study aimed to develop a prediction model for early EHR after local treatment of CRLMs using a national data set.

Methods
A Cox regression prediction model for EHR was developed and validated internally using data on patients who had local treatment for CRLMs with curative intent. Performance assessment included calibration, discrimination, net benefit, and generalizability by internal–external cross-validation. The prognostic relevance of early EHR (within 6 months) was evaluated by landmark analysis.

Results
During a median follow-up of 35 months, 557 of the 1077 patients had EHR and 249 died. Median overall survival was 19.5 (95 per cent c.i. 15.6 to 23.0) months in patients with early EHR after CRLM treatment, compared with not reached (45.3 months to not reached) in patients without an early EHR. The EHR prediction model included side and stage of the primary tumour, RAS/BRAFV600E mutational status, and number and size of CRLMs. The range of 6-month EHR predictions was 5.9–56.0 (i.q.r. 12.9–22.0) per cent. The model demonstrated good calibration and discrimination. The C-index through 6 and 12 months was 0.663 (95 per cent c.i. 0.624 to 0.702) and 0.661 (0.632 to 0.689) respectively. The observed 6-month EHR risk was 6.5 per cent for patients in the lowest quartile of predicted risk compared with 32.0 per cent in the highest quartile.

Conclusion
Early EHR after local treatment of CRLMs can be predicted.
Diversification of immunoglobulin genes by gene conversion in the domestic chicken (Gallus gallusdomesticus)
Authors: Mallaby Jessica , Mwangi William , Ng Joseph , Stewart Alexander , Dorey-Robinson Daniel , Kipling David , Hershberg Uri , Fraternali Franca , Nair Venugopal , Dunn-Walters Deborah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSustainable modern poultry production depends on effective protection against infectious diseases and a diverse range of antibodies is key for an effective immune response. In the domestic chicken, somatic gene conversion is the dominant process in which the antibody immunoglobulin genes are diversified. Affinity maturation by somatic hypermutation (SHM) also occurs, but the relative contribution of gene conversion versus somatic hypermutation to immunoglobulin (Ig) gene diversity is poorly understood. In this study, we use high throughput long-read sequencing to study immunoglobulin diversity in multiple immune-associated tissues in Rhode Island Red chickens. To better understand the impact of genetic diversification in the chicken, a novel gene conversion identification software was developed (BrepConvert). In this study, BrepConvert enabled the identification of over 1 million gene conversion events. Mapping the occurrence of putative somatic gene conversion (SGC) events throughout the variable gene region revealed repetitive and highly restricted patterns of genetic insertions in both the antibody heavy and light chains. These patterns coincided with the locations of genetic variability in available pseudogenes and align with antigen binding sites, predominately the complementary determining regions (CDRs). We found biased usage of pseudogenes during gene conversion, as well as immunoglobulin heavy chain diversity gene (IGHD) preferences during V(D)J gene rearrangement, suggesting that antibody diversification in chickens is more focused than the genetic potential for diversity would suggest.
The Coronavirus Stimulus Package: How Large is the Transfer Multiplier
Authors: Bayer Christian , Born Benjamin , Luetticke Ralph , Müller Gernot J 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, large parts of the economy were locked down and, as a result, households’ income risk rose sharply. At the same time, policy makers put forward the largest stimulus package in history. In the United States it amounted to $2 trillion, a quarter of which represented transfer payments to households. To the extent that such transfers were (i) announced in advance and (ii) conditional on recipients being unemployed, they mitigated income risk associated with the lockdown—in contrast to unconditional transfers. We develop a baseline scenario for a COVID-19 recession in a medium-scale heterogeneous agent new Keynesian model and use counterfactuals to quantify the impact of transfers. For the short run, we find large differences in the transfer multiplier: it is negligible for unconditional transfers and about unity for conditional transfers. Overall, we find that the transfers reduced the output loss due to the pandemic by some two percentage points at its trough.
The Toulouse salons: a regional counterweight to the Parisian art scene? (1861–1939)
Authors: Saint-Raymond Léa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses the functioning of the primary art market for living artists in the periphery of France, in a context where there was no secondary market nor intermediaries such as art dealers. It is based on a historical data set constituted manually, regarding the Toulouse Salons—the Union artistique de Toulouse (UAT) between 1861 and 1909, and the Société des Artistes méridionaux (SAM), between 1907 and 1939. These exhibitions, which were intended to give artists a regional alternative to the Parisian academic and dealer-critic systems, failed at emancipating the local artists from the domination of the capital.
Patient perception of attributes of primary care: a study of Aam Aadmi Mohalla Clinics in Delhi, India
Authors: Goyanka Roopali , Garg Charu C 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Aam Aadmi Mohalla Clinics (AAMC) are the community level public primary care facilities recently introduced to strengthen primary care in Delhi, India by bringing affordable healthcare close to home.

Objectives
This study looks at the primary care attributes of AAMC from a patient perspective, to assess their features, strengths and weaknesses.

Methods
Using a primary care survey tool, a cross-sectional survey of 360 users was conducted at 18 facilities across 9 districts of Delhi to gather information on six dimensions of primary care delivery. Thematic analysis of responses to quantitative, multiple-choice and Likert scale questions using percentage of respondents in each category; and a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and suggestions (SWOS) framework, was used to examine the primary care attributes.

Results
AAMCs have done well in improving proximity, availability, physical and financial access to primary care with respondents reporting their residence within 1 kilometre of AAMCs (95%), physician being available (100%), free drugs in stock (99%). Service delivery is however not comprehensive with missing preventive care. Respondents reported missing gatekeeping, weak referral mechanism (6–19%), and low physician’s familiarity with their overall health (2%).

Conclusion
AAMCs have brought affordable healthcare with free medicines and diagnostics to neighbourhood. There is an opportunity for attaining universal healthcare that is responsive to user needs through provision of comprehensive care. Compulsory enrolment of neighbourhood population with an electronic database of patients has an immense potential to improve longitudinality and coordination of care.
QTL analysis for ascorbic acid content in strawberry fruit reveals a complex genetic architecture and association with GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase
Authors: Muñoz Pilar , Castillejo Cristina , Gómez José Antonio , Miranda Luis , Lesemann Silke , Olbricht Klaus , Petit Aurélie , Chartier Philippe , Haugeneder Annika , Trinkl Johanna , Mazzoni Luca , Masny Agnieszka , Zurawicz Edward , Ziegler Freya Maria Rosemarie , Usadel Björn , Schwab Wilfried , Denoyes Béatrice , Mezzetti Bruno , Osorio Sonia , Sánchez-Sevilla José F , Amaya Iraida 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStrawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruits are an excellent source of L-ascorbic acid (AsA), a powerful antioxidant for plants and humans. Identifying the genetic components underlying AsA accumulation is crucial for enhancing strawberry nutritional quality. Here, we unravel the genetic architecture of AsA accumulation using an F1 population derived from parental lines ‘Candonga’ and ‘Senga Sengana’, adapted to distinct Southern and Northern European areas. To account for environmental effects, the F1 and parental lines were grown and phenotyped in five locations across Europe (France, Germany, Italy, Poland and Spain). Fruit AsA content displayed normal distribution typical of quantitative traits and ranged five-fold, with significant differences among genotypes and environments. AsA content in each country and the average in all of them was used in combination with 6,974 markers for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis. Environmentally stable QTLs for AsA content were detected in linkage group (LG) 3A, LG 5A, LG 5B, LG 6B and LG 7C. Candidate genes were identified within stable QTL intervals and expression analysis in lines with contrasting AsA content suggested that GDP-L-Galactose Phosphorylase FaGGP(3A), and the chloroplast-located AsA transporter gene FaPHT4;4(7C) might be the underlying genetic factors for QTLs on LG 3A and 7C, respectively. We show that recessive alleles of FaGGP(3A) inherited from both parental lines increase fruit AsA content. Furthermore, expression of FaGGP(3A) was two-fold higher in lines with high AsA. Markers here identified represent a useful resource for efficient selection of new strawberry cultivars with increased AsA content.
Error estimates for a splitting integrator for abstract semilinear boundary coupled systems
Authors: Csomós Petra , Farkas Bálint , Kovács Balázs 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We derive a numerical method, based on operator splitting, to abstract parabolic semilinear boundary coupled systems. The method decouples the linear components that describe the coupling and the dynamics in the abstract bulk- and surface-spaces, and treats the nonlinear terms similarly to an exponential integrator. The convergence proof is based on estimates for a recursive formulation of the error, using the parabolic smoothing property of analytic semigroups, and a careful comparison of the exact and approximate flows. This analysis also requires a deep understanding of the effects of the Dirichlet operator (the abstract version of the harmonic extension operator), which is essential for the stable coupling in our method. Numerical experiments, including problems with dynamic boundary conditions, reporting on convergence rates are presented.
Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Urgent Care, Emergency Department, and Hospital Encounters During the 2021–2022 Season, VISION Network
Authors: Tenforde Mark W , Weber Zachary A , DeSilva Malini B , Stenehjem Edward , Yang Duck-Hye , Fireman Bruce , Gaglani Manjusha , Kojima Noah , Irving Stephanie A , Rao Suchitra , Grannis Shaun J , Naleway Allison L , Kirshner Lindsey , Kharbanda Anupam B , Dascomb Kristin , Lewis Ned , Dalton Alexandra F , Ball Sarah W , Natarajan Karthik , Ong Toan C , Hartmann Emily , Embi Peter J , McEvoy Charlene E , Grisel Nancy , Zerbo Ousseny , Dunne Margaret M , Arndorfer Julie , Goddard Kristin , Dickerson Monica , Patel Palak , Timbol Julius , Griggs Eric P , Hansen John , Thompson Mark G , Flannery Brendan , Klein Nicola P 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Following historically low influenza activity during the 2020–2021 season, the United States saw an increase in influenza circulating during the 2021–2022 season. Most viruses belonged to the influenza A(H3N2) 3C.2a1b 2a.2 subclade.

Methods
We conducted a test-negative case-control analysis among adults ≥18 years of age at 3 sites within the VISION Network. Encounters included emergency department/urgent care (ED/UC) visits or hospitalizations with ≥1 acute respiratory illness (ARI) discharge diagnosis codes and molecular testing for influenza. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated by comparing the odds of influenza vaccination ≥14 days before the encounter date between influenza-positive cases (type A) and influenza-negative and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–negative controls, applying inverse probability-to-be-vaccinated weights, and adjusting for confounders.

Results
In total, 86 732 ED/UC ARI-associated encounters (7696 [9%] cases) and 16 805 hospitalized ARI-associated encounters (649 [4%] cases) were included. VE against influenza-associated ED/UC encounters was 25% (95% confidence interval (CI), 20%–29%) and 25% (95% CI, 11%–37%) against influenza-associated hospitalizations. VE against ED/UC encounters was lower in adults ≥65 years of age (7%; 95% CI, −5% to 17%) or with immunocompromising conditions (4%; 95% CI, −45% to 36%).

Conclusions
During an influenza A(H3N2)-predominant influenza season, modest VE was observed. These findings highlight the need for improved vaccines, particularly for A(H3N2) viruses that are historically associated with lower VE.
P18 Audit on compliance with the preventive measures on Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Marques Reis I , Vikneswaramoorthy V , McHale G , Mullahy M , Valiakalayil J , Hallinan T , Cruz M , Nieto-Aponte L , Sibartie S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile persists to be a significant pathogen for healthcare acquired infections. Antibiotic usage is the main cause for the overgrowth of this organism and resulting in C. difficile infections (CDI). Other factors that are known to contribute are usage of proton pump inhibitors, laxatives usage and poor compliance with infection prevention control guidance in health care settings. The audit was carried out to analyse if the local guidance is followed on recognition of new onset of diarrhoea in an inpatient.

Objectives
Analyse compliance rate with our local guidance in Mayo University Hospital to be followed when inpatient has a new onset of diarrhoea. This to include reviewing of medications; such as laxatives, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and antibiotics; prompt isolation and CDI precautions were commenced, samples sent for testing and commencing stool chart.

Methods
The data of patients was collected by reviewing the chart and collected data was stored and analysed using excel spreadsheet.

Results
The audit was carried out over a 4 month period from 10.06.22 until 14.10.22 in 7 wards. 31 patients were recorded as having diarrhoea with 69% (n=19) female and 39% (n=12) males during their inpatient stay. Majority of the recorded patients, which is 29% (n=9) were in medical male ward. The age of the patients ranged from 24 to 92 years of age with a median of 68 years. The median number of days from the admission until onset of diarrhoea was 5. On identifying new onset of diarrhoea, 32% (n=10) had recorded documentation of medications review. Out of 31 patients, 90% (n=28) were on PPI and only 21% (n=6) of them were held, while 7% (n=2) of them had their medication reviewed and was advised to continue the PPI as for clinical indication. Ninety percent (n=28) of patients were on regular laxatives and after the onset of diarrhoea only 39% (n=11) had the laxatives held. Of all the recorded patients, 32% (n=10) of patients had documentation of medication review and 19% (n=6) were continued on antibiotics for organisms other than CDI after discussion with clinical microbiology team. Fifty-five percent (n=17) of patients were isolated after the onset of new diarrhoea while the rest remained in a shared bay as per the discussion with clinical teams, while awaiting the stool results. Sixty-five percent (n=20) had a stool culture sent for CDI testing after the onset of new diarrhoea. Of these patients, 25% (n=5) tested positive for C. difficile.

Conclusions
Compliance to local guidance should be followed more strictly to avoid development of hospital acquired CDI and to prevent outbreaks in the healthcare setting.
T cell functions and organ infiltration by leukemic T cells require cortactin
Authors: Castellanos-Martínez Ramón , León-Vega Iliana I , Guerrero-Fonseca Idaira M , Vargas-Robles Hilda , Jiménez-Camacho Karina E , Hernández-Galicia Gabriela , Ortiz-Navarrete Vianney F , Rottner Klemens , Medina-Contreras Oscar , Schnoor Michael 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that is still fatal in many cases. T cell blasts are characterized by hyperactivation and strong proliferative and migratory capacities. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is involved in mediating malignant T cell properties, and cortactin has been shown to control CXCR4 surface localization in T-ALL cells. We have previously shown that cortactin overexpression is correlated with organ infiltration and relapse in B-ALL. However, the role of cortactin in T cell biology and T-ALL remains elusive. Here, we analyzed the functional relevance of cortactin for T cell activation and migration and the implications for T-ALL development. We found that cortactin is upregulated in response to T cell receptor engagement and recruited to the immune synapse in normal T cells. Loss of cortactin caused reduced IL-2 production and proliferation. Cortactin-depleted T cells showed defects in immune synapse formation and migrated less due to impaired actin polymerization in response to T cell receptor and CXCR4 stimulation. Leukemic T cells expressed much higher levels of cortactin compared to normal T cells that correlated with greater migratory capacity. Xenotransplantation assays in NSG mice revealed that cortactin-depleted human leukemic T cells colonized the bone marrow significantly less and failed to infiltrate the central nervous system, suggesting that cortactin overexpression drives organ infiltration, which is a major complication of T-ALL relapse. Thus, cortactin could serve as a potential therapeutic target for T-ALL and other pathologies involving aberrant T cell responses.
Was Paul Hirst ever a Deweyan?
Authors: Dan Jau-wei 
Published: January 2023

abstract
It is widely known that Paul Hirst had two theories of education in his academic career. He had been conscious of this intellectual transformation and felt quite positive about it. From the perspective of intellectual history and curiosity about his personal intellectual development, I try, following leads from my private correspondence and conversations with him in the 1990s, to touch on the following questions: How does Hirst see his two theories? Why does he think his early theory cannot stand? Is his personal account adequate in explaining his own intellectual shift? How is it that his later theory seems to suggest John Dewey’s pragmatism? Was Paul Hirst ever a Deweyan? In tackling these questions, I sketch Hirst’s two theories, point out the differences and continuities between them, offer a suggestion as to why Hirst’s early theory cannot stand, and give a short account of Dewey’s theory of education. My conclusion is that even if his later theory might be said to suggest a Deweyan approach, Paul Hirst was never a Deweyan.
A case of mistaken identity: bile duct masquerading as gallbladder
Authors: Jolly Samantha , Kundu Nikhil , Rathnayake Suraj 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common surgical procedure, with potential for significant morbidity. The incidence of bile duct injuries has increased with the advent of laparoscopy, occurring in up to 1% of cases. Risk of injury increases with aberrant anatomy, acute inflammation and fibrosis. Preventative strategies include obtaining the critical view of safety, using a fundus-first approach and performing a subtotal cholecystectomy in the difficult gallbladder. Although controversy exists for routine cholangiography, its use is helpful in situations of obscure anatomy. We describe the case of a chronically inflamed and unusually small 1.5 cm gallbladder with an obliterated cystic duct. The critical view of safety was not able to be achieved and intraoperative cholangiography enabled identification of aberrant anatomy, with a dilated common duct mistaken as the gallbladder infundibulum. This case highlights the need to be vigilant to structural variation and the utility of selective cholangiography to clarify anatomy.
Sugars and sucrose transporters in pollinia ofPhalaenopsis aphrodite(Orchidaceae)
Authors: Sun Wan-Ting , Cheng Sy-Chyi , Chao Ya-Ting , Lin Shu-Yao , Yang Ting-Ting , Ho Yi-Ping , Shih Ming-Che , Ko Swee-Suak 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe pollen grains of Phalaenopsis orchids are clumped tightly together, packed in pollen dispersal units called pollinia. In this study, the morphology, cytology, biochemistry, and sucrose transporters in pollinia of Phalaenopsis orchids were investigated. Histochemical detection was used to characterize the distribution of sugars and callose at the different development stages of pollinia. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution-tandem mass spectrometry data indicated that P. aphrodite accumulated abundant saccharides such as sucrose, galactinol, myo-inositol, and glucose, and trace amounts of raffinose and trehalose in mature pollinia. We found that galactinol synthase (PAXXG304680) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (PAXXG016120) genes were preferentially expressed in mature pollinia. The P. aphrodite genome was identified as having 11 sucrose transporters (SUTs). Our qRT–PCR confirmed that two SUTs (PAXXG030250 and PAXXG195390) were preferentially expressed in the pollinia. Pollinia germinated in pollen germination media (PGM) supplemented with 10% sucrose showed increased callose production and enhanced pollinia germination, but there was no callose or germination in PGM without sucrose. We show that P. aphrodite accumulates high levels of sugars in mature pollinia, providing nutrients and enhanced SUT gene expression for pollinia germination and tube growth.
The satellite population around luminous red galaxies in the 25 deg2 DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys Early Data Release
Authors: Townsend Melinda , Rudnick Gregory 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Luminous red galaxies, or LRGs, are representative of the most massive galaxies and were originally selected in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey as good tracers of large-scale structure. They are dominated by by uniformly old stellar populations, have low star formation rates, early type morphologies, and little cold gas. Despite having old stellar populations and little in situ star formation, studies have shown that they have grown their stellar mass since z = 1, implying that they grow predominantly via the accretion of satellites. Tests of this picture have been limited because of the lack of deep imaging data sets that both covers a large enough area of the sky to contain substantial numbers of LRGs and that also is deep enough to detect faint satellites. We use the 25 deg2 Early Data Release (EDR) of the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys to characterize the satellite galaxy population of LRGs out to z = 0.65. The DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys are comprised of grz imaging to 2–2.5 mag deeper than SDSS and with better image quality. We use a new statistical background technique to identify excess populations of putative satellite galaxies around 1823 LRGs at 0.2 &lt; z &lt; 0.65. In three redshift and luminosity bins we measure the numbers of satellite galaxies and their r−z colour distribution down to rest-frame g-band luminosity limits at least 3.6 times fainter than L*. In addition, we develop a forward modeling technique and apply it to constrain the mean number of satellites in each of our redshift and luminosity bins. Finally, we use these estimates to determine the amount of stellar mass growth in LRGs down to the local Universe.