bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salinity-driven adaptations in freshwater-to-marine microorganisms: Genetic and transcriptional modulation of amino acid encoding
Authors: Astudillo-Garcia Carmen , Tee Hwee Sze , West Annie G. , Hoggard Michael , Lear Gavin , Handley Kim Marie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background. Salinity is among the strongest environmental drivers of microbial community composition, requiring substantial genetic adaptations. Halophilic archaea and some Halanaerobiales bacteria adopt the ‘salt-in’ osmoadaptive strategy supported by proteomes enriched in acidic amino acids. The ‘salt-out’ strategy, employed by most halophilic and halotolerant bacteria, does not require modification of the intracellular proteome, although a slight excess of acidic amino acid residues is found among some marine bacteria. While adaptations to salt have largely been studied in halophilic systems, knowledge across lower salinity gradients is scarce.
Results. We determined microbial adaptations, associated with the 'salt-out' osmoadaptive strategy, across a freshwater-to-marine transect in compositionally distinct water and sediment communities. Changes in amino acid encoding were thus determined according to the predicted cellular location of proteins (cytoplasmic or secreted) using 276 unique prokaryotic metagenome-assembled genomes. The proportion of encoded acidic amino acids (glutamate and aspartate) increased linearly with salinity, and decreased for the basic amino acid, lysine. Trends were strongest in the fraction encoding secreted/periplasmic proteins, and weakest in the cytoplasmic (ribosomal) fraction, indicating differential adaptation of protein-encoding between these cellular locations in water and sediment communities. These salinity-associated differences were evident across diverse phyla, despite lineage-specific codon biases (e.g., typically higher ratios for aspartate among Actinomycetes), and differentiated freshwater or brackish/marine members of lineages found across the estuarine transect, notably those in the Microbacteriaceae Luna cluster. Freshwater-dominant (Rhodoluna) and brackish-dominant (Aquiluna) members of the Luna cluster exhibited distinct genomic and transcriptional charged amino acid encoding, whereby only Aquiluna, modulated transcription in response to progressively higher salinities to increase encoded proteome acidity.
Conclusions. Microorganisms colonising salinity gradients are therefore able to transcriptionally adjust charged amino acid encoding in response to changes in salinity. Moreover, results illustrate that the salt-out strategy, characterised by the increased acidity of secreted proteins exposed to external conditions, is a common adaptation at low brackish-to-marine salinities, contributing to intra-lineage niche differentiation.
Optimizing Gene Selection and Cancer Classification with Hybrid Sine Cosine and Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors: Yaqoob Abrar , Verma Navneet Kumar , Aziz Rabia Musheer 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Gene expression datasets contain extensive data for exploring various biological processes, yet the presence of redundant and irrelevant genes poses a challenge in identifying crucial ones within high-dimensional biological data. To address this, diverse feature selection (FS) methods have been introduced. Enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of FS techniques is vital for selecting significant genes within intricate multidimensional biological information. In this context, we propose an innovative strategy named the Sine Cosine and Cuckoo Search Algorithm (SCACSA) applicable to popular machine learning classifiers like K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Naive Bayes (NB). The efficacy of the hybrid gene selection algorithm is assessed using breast cancer dataset and benchmarked against alternative feature selection techniques. Empirical results demonstrate SCACSA superiority in accuracy metrics such as precision, sensitivity, and specificity. Furthermore, the SCACSA approach showcases computational efficiency and consistency, setting it apart from other methods in terms of variability. Given the significance of gene selection in complex biological datasets, SCACSA emerges as a valuable tool for cancer dataset classification, aiding medical professionals in informed decision-making for cancer diagnosis. aiding medical professionals in informed
The association between high-energy diets, sugar-sweetened beverages on the risk of depression in rural-urban adolescent students
Authors: Gu Linni , Wang Xiaoying , Tian Donghua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Depression is one of the most commonly psychological illness in the world. It severely influenced individual’s mood and daily life. In recent year, it has an increased trend in adolescent student in China. It not only influenced adolescent student academic performance, but also transmitted to other students by social network, which was rose as a severe public health issue. Present studies discussed the influence factors that resulted in the depression. This study mainly discussed the association between high-energy diet, sugar-sweetened beverage and the risk of depression in rural-urban adolescent student.
Methods: This study used the China Education Panel Study (CEPS) data to analyze the association between high-energy diets, sugar-sweetened beverages and the risk of depression in adolescent student. A cross-sectional data from the year 2014-2015 was analyzed. In total, 7,944 subjects were participated in this study. Statistical analysis including descriptive analysis, analysis of variance test (ANOVA), ordinary least squares (OLS) and stepwise regression were employed to analyze the association.
Results: The results of stepwise regression presented that high-energy diets, sugar-sweetened beverages had a strong association with the depression of adolescent student. The risk of depression increased with the increase of frequency of high-energy diet, sugar-sweetened beverage intake. If adolescent student increased one-unit high-energy diet and sugar-sweetened beverages intake, the risk of depression would increase about 12.1%.
Conclusion: Depression is a major public health problem in adolescent student in China. With the rate increased in China, school and government should attach great attention on the psychological health. Lifestyle behaviors were important factors that influenced the risk of depression. Based on the results, this study suggested that psychological health of adolescent student must be noticed and detailed measures on control the risk must be formulated in China.
Identifying hot spots of cardiometabolic risk factors in a Swiss city: impact of individual and environmental factors
Authors: Ladoy Anaïs , Marques-Vidal Pedro , Guessous Idris , Joost Stéphane 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major public health concern, and developing effective interventions at the population level requires a thorough understanding of the spatial distribution and contextual determinants of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs). However, knowledge on these issues at small spatial scales is still limited, especially in Europe. The aim of this study was to explore the spatial patterns of CMRFs and to identify key individual and contextual factors associated with these risk factors in the city of Lausanne, Switzerland.Methods: Using individual-level data from a population-based cohort of middle-aged and older adults (CoLaus), we examined hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia as key CMRFs. Intensity functions were used to identify areas of elevated risk for each outcome. Geographically weighted regressions were then employed to examine local associations between outcomes adjusted for individual confounders, and characteristics of physical and social environments such as air pollution, noise, greenness, street connectivity, socioeconomic position, and ethnic composition.Results: We analyzed data from 3,695 participants (mean age of 64.1 years, 56.8% females). The prevalence of hypertension was 48.2%, obesity 17.7%, diabetes 10.7% and dyslipidemia 33.2%. Among the individual factors associated with CMRFs, older age, male sex, lower education level, and being foreign-born emerged as common contributors. Persistent spatial clusters for hypertension, obesity, and diabetes were identified across the city, as well as areas with concurrent increased risk for multiple CMRFs. After adjustment for individual confounders, a global association between neighborhood income and hypertension, obesity, and diabetes emerged. Obesity showed the strongest contextual influence, with significant local associations identified between obesity and higher unemployment rates, lower income, education, and greenness. Notably, hypertension showed local associations with lower neighborhood income and PM2.5 concentrations, while diabetes was associated with lower income and higher unemployment. Dyslipidemia did not show significant associations with contextual factors.Conclusions: Using individual-level data, the study combined spatial approaches to delineate high-risk areas for CMRFs within an urban area and to reveal significant associations with characteristics of physical and social environments. This methodological framework can be applied elsewhere, providing public health practitioners with essential insights to prioritize and tailor local population-level initiatives for CVD prevention.
Digital Twin For A Human Heart Using Deep Learning and Stream Processing Platforms
Authors: JEMAA Mohamed Hedi , JEMILI Farah , AMRI Charfeddine , MSOLLI Mohamed Amine , KORBAA Ouajdi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) constitute a substantial global health challenge, with heart diseases ranking among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. This paper addresses this urgent concern by proposing innovative approaches. The fusion of Digital Twin technology with artificial intelligence offers a unique framework for personalized diagnosis, therapy selection, remote monitoring, and real-time treatment adjustments. By combining virtual patient replicas with medical history, real-time data, and machine learning algorithms, the potential for early detection and prevention of heart diseases becomes a reality. This paper presents a comprehensive exploration of leveraging Digital Twin technology for precise and real-time heart disease prediction, focusing on data management, security, and preprocessing. The research aims to lay a robust foundation for the development of a medical decision support system capable of precise predictions and interventions within the realm of heart disease. By combining virtual patient replicas with medical history, real-time data, and advanced machine learning algorithms, our paper explores the potential for early detection and prevention of heart diseases, centering on the development and detailed analysis of an ECG model. This ECG model leverages Digital Twin technology to enable precise and real-time heart disease prediction.
Analysis of Hadeja-Nguru Wetlands Vegetation and Surface water response to rainfall variability Analysis of Hadeja-Nguru Wetlands Vegetation and Surface water response to rainfall variability
Authors: Jajere Abubakar Ahmed , Nabegu Aliyu Baba , Bibi Umar Muhammed , Kibon Ado Usman , Ismail Muhammed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The Hadejia Nguru wetlands are the economic mainstay of the population residing in the basin area. The wetlands, provides means of livelihood to a significant proportion of the human population through; crop production, fisheries, hunting, grazing and water resources. This study assessed the wetlands surface water and vegetation, response climate variability. The study used dekadal eMODIS NIDVI 250 m resolution data from 2003–2018 of the study area. NDVI values were used to classify vegetation according to its vigour (Moderate, high and very high vegetation and surface water) and rainfall records from in situ meteorological data of areas at the upper and downstream parts of the basin. Correlation statistical tool was used in analyzing relationship between rainfall and temperature variability and wetlands components. The findings of the wetlands components yearly temporal variability trend revealed significant variability of 23.3% and 57.2% in surface water and high vegetation, respectively. The relationship between wetlands vegetation and surface water index and upstream rainfall variability is statistically significant at 95% level of significance. The positive relationship between annual rainfall of upstream stations put together and wetlands high vegetation is significant at 99% confidence level. upstream rainfall variability account for 47% variability in wetland high vegetation while the annual rainfall of Jos account for 29% and 27% variability in wetlands high vegetation and surface water respectively. The overall results of analysis revealed that occurrence and persistence of the basin wetlands are function of upstream rainfall pattern.
VIRD: An ensemble transfer learning to improve automatic stratification of types of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Nakamoto Ichiro , Chen Hua , Wang Rui , Guo Yan , Chen Wei , Feng Jie , Chen Chunmei , Wu Jianfeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The degeneration of the intervertebral discs in the lumbar spine is the common cause of neurological and physical dysfunctions and chronic disability of patients, which can be stratified into single- (e.g., disc herniation, disc prolapse, or disc bulge) and comorbidity-type degeneration (i.e., simultaneous presence of two or more conditions of disc herniation, prolapse, and bulge in a patient) respectively. The degenerative changes of the lumbar spine differentiate in the level of severity and type. A sample of lumbar magnetic resonance images from multiple clinical hospitals in China was collected and used in the proposal assessment. Theoretically, we devised a novel transfer learning framework VIRD by ensembling four pre-trained models including Densenet169, ResNet101, InceptionResNetV2, and VGG16. Thereafter, the proposed approach was applied to the clinical data and achieved 99% accuracy versus 94%, 96%, 96%, 96%, and 98% for compositional benchmark models of VGG16, InceptionResNetV2, DenseNet169, ResNet101, and other ensemble deep learning respectively. Furthermore, improved performance was observed as well for the metric of the area under the curve, producing a 1% increase relative to other ensemble learning, a 2% increase relative to most-studied models, and a 3% increase relative to the baseline models. The novel methodology can be used as a guide in the initial and efficient screening of complex degeneration of lumbar intervertebral discs and assist in the early-stage selection of clinically differentiated treatment options.
Predictors of Partnership and Sexual Satisfaction and dyadic effects in couples affected by endometriosis and infertility
Authors: Eickels Deborah van , Schick Maren , Germeyer Ariane , Rösner Sabine , Strowitzki Thomas , Wischmann Tewes , Ditzen Beate 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Endometriosis and infertility are associated with impaired partnership and sexuality of the patients, but also of their male partners. The aim of this study was to determine the association of different predictors of partnership and sexual satisfaction in couples with endometriosis and infertility, as well as dyadic effects.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with n = 62 women with endometriosis and n = 46 partners, including a total of n = 44 couples, some of whom were affected by infertility. The questionnaire included items on partnership, sexuality, depression, social support, and childbearing. Multiple linear regression and the actor-partner-interdependence-model were used for analysis.
Results
Depression correlated with lower partnership and sexuality satisfaction and showed in the dyad a significant negative actor effect in men for partnership satisfaction and a negative actor and partner effect in women for sexuality satisfaction (p < .05). For women, social support showed a significant positive actor effect for partnership satisfaction (p < .05), age showed a significant actor and partner effect for sexuality satisfaction (p < .05).
Conclusion
The results show a significant association of endometriosis and infertility with partnership and sexuality satisfaction in both partners and support the importance of including male partners' perspectives in the treatment of endometriosis.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00014362 on the 29.03.2018.
Investigation of the appropriate viscosity of fibrinogen in repairing pleural defects using ventilation and anchoring in an ex vivo pig model
Authors: Fukuda Akihiro , Hashimoto Masaki , Takegawa Yoshitaka , Kondo Nobuyuki , Hasegawa Seiki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Our previous study revealed that the viscosity of fibrinogen could influence the effectiveness of ventilation and anchoring (V/A) methods for controlling air leakages. Here, we examined the association between the viscosity of fibrinogen and effectiveness using an ex vivo pig model.
Methods
The fibrin glue used in this study was BOLHEAL® (KM Biologics Co., Ltd., Kumamoto, Japan). We prepared three types of fibrinogen with different viscosities (higher and lower than normal), including one without additives. Using an ex vivo pig model, a pleural defect was made, and the defect was repaired using three different viscosities of fibrinogen through the V/A method. We measured the rupture pressure at the repair site (N=10) and histologically evaluated the depth of fibrin infiltration into the lung parenchyma at the repair sites.
Results
The median rupture pressure was 51.5 (40–73) cmH2O in Group 1 (lower viscosity), 47.0 (47–88) cmH2O in Group 2 (no change in viscosity), and 35.5 (25¬–61) cmH2O in Group 3 (higher viscosity). There was no statistically significant difference between Groups 1 and 2 (p = 0.819), but the rupture pressure was significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 3 (p = 0.0136).
Histological evaluation revealed deep infiltration of fibrin into the lung parenchyma in Groups 1 and 2, but no such infiltration was observed in the higher-viscosity group.
Conclusions
The results of this experiment suggested that the V/A method using fibrin glue containing low-viscosity fibrinogen was more effective in controlling air leakage due to pleural defects.
An Investigation of COVID-19 Infection in Patients with Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Authors: Ma Xinlei , Xiao Lanlan , Wu Jinzhi , Lin Jin , Chen Weiqian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective.
We aimed to investigate the risk and prognosis associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)infection among patients diagnosed with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR).
Methods.
In the retrospective study, we included a cohort of PMR patients and followed them over time. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was made based on the clinical manifestations and laboratory tests. We collected the demography information, data on PMR disease activity and treatment, as well as clinical data related to COVID-19.
Results.
In our study, a total of 101 patients diagnosed with PMR were enrolled. Among them, 81 patients (80.2%) were categorized as having a COVID-19 infection, while the remaining 20 patients (19.8%) did not have COVID-19. Among PMR patients with COVID-19, 65 patients (64.4%) were confirmed to have the presence of COVID-19 antigen, while 16 patients (15.8%) tested positive for COVID-19 RNA. Most COVID-19 cases in PMR patients were classified as mild (88.9%). We utilized multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors for COVID-19 infection among PMR patients. The analysis revealed that the baseline of disease activity of PMR was identified as an independent risk factor for COVID-19 infection.
Conclusion.
Our findings suggest that PMR patients may have a lower infection rate and less severe cases of COVID-19 compared to the general population. The baseline disease activity of PMR might contribute to the increased susceptibility to COVID-19.
Lower energy intake associated with higher risk of cardiovascular mortality in chronic kidney disease patients on a low-protein diets
Authors: Liu Yao , Deng Fei , Zhou Ping , Peng Cong , Xie ChunPeng , Gao Wuyu , Yang Qianyu , Wu Tingyu , Xiao Xiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
An increasing number of studies shown that inadequate energy intake causes an increase in adverse incidents in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on low-protein diets (LPD). The study aimed to investigate the relationship between energy intake and cardiovascular mortality in CKD patients on a LPD.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study, a total of 4264 CKD patients were enrolled from the NHANES database enrolled from 2009 to 2018. Restricted cubic spline plots and Cox regression analysis were used to analyze the association between energy intake and cardiovascular mortality in CKD patients on a LPD. Additionally, a nomogram was constructed to estimate cardiovascular survival in CKD patients on a LPD.
Results
Among CKD patients on a LPD in the United States, 90.05% had an energy intake of less than 25kcal/kg/day, compared to 36.94% in CKD patients on a non-LPD. Energy intake and cardiovascular mortality showed a linear relationship in CKD patients on a LPD, while a 'U-shaped' relationship was observed in CKD patients on a non-LPD. Multifactorial Cox regression models revealed that for Per-standard deviation (SD) decrement in energy intake, the risk of cardiovascular mortality increased by 41% (HR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.77; P = 0.004) in CKD patients on a LPD. The concordance index of the nomogram was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.75-0.83).
Conclusion
CKD patients, especially those on a LPD, have significantly inadequate energy intake. Lower energy intake is associated with higher cardiovascular mortality in CKD patients on a LPD.
Anti-tumor effectiveness of a novel bispecific antibody that blocks both PD-L1 and LAG-3
Authors: Zhang Chenxing , Liu Jiaxin , Zhu Shidong , Zhang Youfeng , Wang Linlin , Gu Tiejun , Meng Xiangyu , Zhang Daguang , Wu Yongge 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Over the past few years, significant progress with promising outcomes has been made in the use of antibodies against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) for immunotherapy. However, several issues still limit their effectiveness for anti-cancer therapy. Therefore, we designed a bispecific antibody (BsAb) against PD-L1 and T cell immune checkpoint lymphocyte activation gene-3 (LAG-3), in an attempt to block both targets to further improve immune efficacy against solid tumors. A bispecific T cell engager structure was used to connect the variable regions of the PD-L1 and LAG-3 antibodies in series. We further constructed a recombinant plasmid and used a prokaryotic expression system to prepare the antibody. The affinity and blocking activities of the antibody was verified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the affinity of the antibody was further verified at the cellular level using flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, we preliminarily evaluated its anti-tumor effects in mice. Collectively, the antibody prepared using the prokaryotic expression system had preferable tumor cell-targeting ability and blocked the interaction of PD-1 and LAG-3 with their ligands. Further, the results of the animal experiments demonstrated that the BsAb exerted a certain anti-tumor effect. Overall, our study suggests that this strategy has therapeutic potential for liver hepatocellular carcinoma and breast invasive carcinoma.