bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seed germination requirements of Amaranthus retroflexus L. populations exposed to environmental factors
Authors: Safavi Mina , Rezvani Mohammad , Zaefarian Faezeh , Golmohammadzadeh Sajedeh , Sindel Brian M. 
Published: February 2023

Seed germination studies are often used to predict the potential of plants to extend their global distribution. In this research, the effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) concentrations, pre-chilling, temperature, water and salt stresses, pH, high-temperature pretreatment, planting depth, and flooding on seed germination and seedling emergence of three Amaranthus retroflexus L. populations was investigated. GA3 concentration significantly affected seed germination of all three A. retroflexus populations grown under light/dark conditions. All three populations germinated under constant (10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 °C) and alternating (20/15, 25/18, and 35/25 °C (day/night)) temperatures. The optimum alternating temperature for germination of all three populations was 18/25 °C day/night. Seed germination was severely reduced under moisture and salt stresses. Seedling emergence was reduced on the soil surface by increasing the planting depth from 2.5 to 7.5 cm, and no seedlings emerged when the planting depth of seeds was more than 10 cm . The results of this research help us to understand the germination capacity and requirements of A. retroflexus in different environments and also provide information to help better control the weed.
Development of an Effective Oral Vaccine Dissemination Strategy against Classical Swine Fever for Wild Boar in Gifu Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Ito Satoshi , Bosch Jaime , Aguilar-Vega Cecilia , Isoda Norikazu , Martínez-Avilés Marta , Sánchez-Vizcaíno José Manuel 
Published: February 2023

In September 2018, classical swine fever (CSF) reemerged in Japan after more than a quarter of a century. After the first notification on a pig farm, wild boars positive for CSF were found continuously in the surrounding area. Gifu was the first prefecture in Japan to disseminate oral vaccines to wild boars in March 2019, with vaccines spread to approximately 14,000 sites between 2019 and 2020. While these diligent measures seemed to have shown some effectiveness, several vaccine spray sites remained without wild boar emergence. Based on the vaccine dissemination records from these periods, this study conducted a statistical analysis to propose more effective vaccine dissemination sites. First, a generalized linear mixed model was used to identify factors correlated with wild boar emergence. Then, two spatial interpolation methods, inverse distance weighted (IDW) and Kriging, were adopted to create a probability map of wild boar emergence for the entire Gifu Prefecture. The analysis showed a positive correlation between wild boar emergence and the appearance of raccoons, raccoon dogs, and crows as well as road density and wild boar distribution index. In particular, raccoon (OR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.25–2.68,

p

< 0.001), raccoon dog (OR: 1.81, 95%CI: 1.25–2.66,

p

< 0.001), and medium level road density (OR: 1.56, 95%CI: 1.04–2.39,

p

= 0.04) were strongly correlated with wild boar emergence. The spatial interpolation approach resulted in better prediction accuracy for the Kriging method than for IDW by the root mean square error, but both approaches identified a high wild boar appearance probability area in southeastern Gifu and a low appearance probability area in central Gifu. Here we have demonstrated a tool to effectively disperse oral vaccine to wildlife.
The Outcomes of Balanced Orbital Decompression for Dysthyroid Optic Neuropathy: Focusing on Choroiretinal Folds with and without Optic Disc Edema
Authors: Zeng Peng , Deng Xiao-wen , Tian Peng , Peng Yuan-yu , Xu Ming-tong , Zhou Shi-you , Wang Mei 
Published: February 2023

Purpose. To assess the outcomes of balanced orbital decompression for chorioretinal folds (CRFs) with and without optic disc edema (ODE) in dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON). Method. A retrospective, interventional study was performed at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from April 2018 to November 2021. We collected the medical records of 13 patients (24 eyes) with DON and CRFs. Then, we divided them into the ODE group (15 eyes, 62.5%) and the non-ODE group (NODE group, 9 eyes, 37.5%). The valid ophthalmic examination parameters of 8 eyes in each group after balanced orbital decompression were compared at the 6-month follow-up. Results. The mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA,

0.29
±
0.27

) and visual field-mean deviation (VF-MD,

−
6.55
±
3.71

dB) in the ODE group were significantly worse than those in the NODE group (

0.06
±
0.15

and

−
3.49
±
1.56

dB; all

p
<
0.01

). Six months after orbital decompression, all parameters were found to have significantly improved in both groups, including BCVA and VF-MD (all

p
<
0.05

). Moreover, the improvement amplitude of BCVA (

p
=
0.020

) in the ODE group was significantly greater than that in the NODE group. There was no difference in BCVA between the ODE group (

0.13
±
0.19

) and the NODE group (

0.10
±
0.13

). The disc edema of all eyes (8/8 eyes, 100%) in the ODE group was completely mitigated after orbital decompression. The CRF resolution of 2 eyes (2/8 eyes, 25%) in the ODE group and no eyes in the NODE group was mitigated. Conclusions. Balanced orbital decompression can significantly improve visual functions and eliminate optic disc edema in DON patients, whether CRF relieves or not.
Relation Extraction Based on Prompt Information and Feature Reuse
Authors: Feng Ping , Zhang Xin , Zhao Jian , Wang Yingying , Huang Biao 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
To alleviate the problem of under-utilization features of sentence-level relation extraction, which leads to insufficient performance of the pre-trained language model and underutilization of the feature vector, a sentence-level relation extraction method based on adding prompt information and feature reuse is proposed. At first, in addition to the pair of nominals and sentence information, a piece of prompt information is added, and the overall feature information consists of sentence information, entity pair information, and prompt information, and then the features are encoded by the pre-trained language model ROBERTA. Moreover, in the pre-trained language model, BIGRU is also introduced in the composition of the neural network to extract information, and the feature information is passed through the neural network to form several sets of feature vectors. After that, these feature vectors are reused in different combinations to form multiple outputs, and the outputs are aggregated using ensemble-learning soft voting to perform relation classification. In addition to this, the sum of cross-entropy, KL divergence, and negative log-likelihood loss is used as the final loss function in this paper. In the comparison experiments, the model based on adding prompt information and feature reuse achieved higher results of the SemEval-2010 task 8 relational dataset.
Personalized colorectal cancer screening: study protocol of a mixed-methods study on the effectiveness of tailored intervals based on prior f-Hb concentration in a fit-based colorectal cancer screening program (PERFECT-FIT)
Authors: Breekveldt Emilie C. H. , Toes-Zoutendijk Esther , de Jonge Lucie , Spaander Manon C. W. , Dekker Evelien , van Kemenade Folkert J. , van Vuuren Anneke J. , Ramakers Christian R. B. , Nagtegaal Iris D. , van Leerdam Monique E. , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn 2014, the national population-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program was implemented in the Netherlands. Biennial fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) for hemoglobin (Hb) is used at a cut-off of 47 µg Hb per gram feces. The CRC screening program successfully started, with high participation rates and yield of screening. Now that the program has reached a steady state, there is potential to further optimize the program. Previous studies showed that prior fecal Hb (f-Hb) concentrations just below the FIT cut-off are associated with a higher risk for detection of advanced neoplasia (AN) at subsequent screening rounds. We aim to achieve a better balance between the harms and benefits of CRC screening by offering participants tailored invitation intervals based on prior f-Hb concentrations after negative FIT.MethodsThis mixed-methods study will be performed within the Dutch national CRC screening program and will consist of: (1) a randomized controlled trial (RCT), (2) focus group studies, and (3) decision modelling. The primary outcome is the yield of AN per screened individual in personalized screening vs. uniform screening. Secondary outcomes are perspectives on, acceptability of and adherence to personalized screening, as well as long-term outcomes of personalized vs. uniform screening. The RCT will include 20,000 participants of the Dutch CRC screening program; 10,000 in the intervention and 10,000 in the control arm. The intervention arm will receive a personalized screening interval based on the prior f-Hb concentration (1, 2 or 3 years). The control arm will receive a screening interval according to current practice (2 years). The focus group studies are designed to understand individuals’ perspectives on and acceptability of personalized CRC screening. Results of the RCT will be incorporated into the MISCAN-Colon model to determine long-term benefits, harms, and costs of personalized vs. uniform CRC screening.DiscussionThe aim of this study is to evaluate the yield, feasibility, acceptability and (cost-) effectiveness of personalized CRC screening through tailored invitation intervals based on prior f-Hb concentrations. This knowledge may be of guidance for health policy makers and may provide evidence for implementing personalized CRC screening in The Netherlands and/or other countries using FIT as screening modality.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05423886, June 21, 2022,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05423886
FANCD2 inhibits ferroptosis by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in osteosarcoma
Authors: Li Xujun , Liu Jiangyi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
This research aimed to investigate the roles of fanconi anemia complementation group D2 (FANCD2) on the regulation of ferroptosis in osteosarcoma progression.

Methods
The function of FANCD2 on cell viability, invasion, migration, and tumor growth were explored. FANCD2 and pathway-related genes were determined by western blot. Ferroptosis-associated markers were determined, including lipid peroxidation, labile iron pool (LIP), ferrous iron (Fe2+), and ferroptosis-related genes.

Results
FANCD2 expression was increased in osteosarcoma cells. FANCD2 knockdown reduced cell viability, invasion, and migration of osteosarcoma cells. FANCD2 knockdown regulated ferroptosis-related gene expression, and distinctly increased the levels of LIP, Fe2+, and lipid peroxidation, and these effects were reversed by a ferroptosis inhibitor Fer-1. In addition, JAK2 and STAT3 expression were reduced by silencing of FANCD2, and STAT3 activator (colivelin) distinctly reversed tumor suppressor effects of FANCD2 silencing on osteosarcoma development.

Conclusion
These findings suggested that FANCD2 silencing could suppress osteosarcoma cell viability, migration, invasion, and tumor growth, and induced ferroptosis by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 axis. These findings may provide novel therapeutic ideas for clinical treatment of osteosarcoma.
Glutaraldehyde-crosslinked Rhizopus oryzae whole cells show improved catalytic performance in alkene epoxidation
Authors: Xu Lili , Qin Yimin , Song Yufeng , Tang Aixing , Liu Youyan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Existing methods for alkene epoxidation are based on lipase-catalysed perhydrolysis. However, the inactivation of the expensive lipase enzyme is problematic for enzymatic epoxidation at large scales due to the use of hydrogen peroxide and peracids at high concentrations in the reaction. The immobilisation of whole cells appears to be a promising approach to alleviate this problem.

Results
A green oxidation system containing hydrogen peroxide, Na3C6H5O7, an acyl donor, and glutaraldehyde (GA)-crosslinked cells of Rhizopus oryzae was developed for the epoxidation of alkenes. GA-crosslinked cells of Rhizopus oryzae were adopted as a biocatalyst into the epoxidation system. A variety of alkenes were oxidised with this system, with a 56–95% analytical yield of the corresponding epoxides. The catalytic performance of the crosslinked treated cells was substantially improved compared to that of the untreated cells and the initial reaction rate increased from 126.71 to 234.72 mmol/L/h, retaining 83% yields even after four batches of reactions. The addition of 3.5 mmol Na3C6H5O7 not only acts as an acid-trapping reagent to eliminate the negative effect of the carboxylic acid on the alkene oxide but also forms a saturated salt solution with the aqueous phase, affecting the concentration of H2O2 in the three phases and thus the epoxidation reaction. Organic solvents with a logP value > 0.68 were good at producing hydroxy peracids; however, this method is only suitable for oxidation in a two-liquid phase.

Conclusions
Compared with other lipase biocatalysts, the GA-crosslinked whole-cell biocatalyst is inexpensive, readily available, and highly stable. Therefore, it can be considered promising for industrial applications.
A combined preoperative red cell distribution width and carcinoembryonic antigen score contribute to prognosis prediction in stage I lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Hengliang , Zhao Guangqiang , Lin Jixing , Ye Qianwen , Xiang Jia , Yan Bing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aims
Hematological markers that can be used for prognosis prediction for stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are still lacking. Here, we examined the prognostic value of a combination of the red cell distribution width (RDW) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), namely, the RDW-CEA score (RCS), in stage I LUAD.

Materials and methods
A retrospective study with 154 patients with stage I LUAD was conducted. Patients were divided into RCS 1 (decreased RDW and CEA), RCS 2 (decreased RDW and increased CEA, increased RDW and decreased CEA), and RCS 3 (increased RDW and CEA) subgroups based on the best optimal cutoff points of RDW and CEA for overall survival (OS). The differences in other clinicopathological parameters among RCS subgroups were calculated. Disease-free survival (DFS) and OS among these groups were determined by Kaplan–Meier analysis, and risk factors for outcome were calculated by a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results
Seventy, 65, and 19 patients were assigned to the RCS 1, 2, and 3 subgroups, respectively. Patients ≥ 60 years (P < 0.001), male sex (P = 0.004), T2 stage (P = 0.004), and IB stage (P = 0.006) were more significant in the RCS 2 or 3 subgroups. The RCS had a good area under the curve (AUC) for predicting DFS (AUC = 0.81, P < 0.001) and OS (AUC = 0.93, P < 0.001). The DFS (log-rank = 33.26, P < 0.001) and OS (log-rank = 42.05, P < 0.001) were significantly different among RCS subgroups, with RCS 3 patients displaying the worst survival compared to RCS 1 or 2 patients. RCS 3 was also an independent risk factor for both DFS and OS.

Conclusions
RCS is a useful prognostic indicator in stage I LUAD patients, and RCS 3 patients have poorer survival. However, randomized controlled trials are needed to validate our findings in the future.
Postoperative radiotherapy for supraglottic cancer on real-world data: can we reduce dose to lymph node levels?
Authors: Xu Yi , Wei Yumei , Wang Jingbo , Zhang Jianghu , Chen Xuesong , Wu Runye , Liu Qingfeng , Qu Yuan , Wang Kai , Huang Xiaodong , Luo Jingwei , Xu Wei , Zhang Ye , Yi Junlin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate prognosis for reducing postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) dose to lymph node levels of supraglottic cancer (SC) on real-world data.

Method and materials
Patients were derived from two cancer centers. In center 1, the involved nodal levels (high-risk levels, HRL) and the next level received a dose of 60.06 Gy/1.82 Gy per fraction, while the other uninvolved levels (low-risk levels, LRL) received 50.96 Gy/1.82 Gy per fraction. In center 2, all received 50 Gy/2 Gy per fraction. The rates of high-risk levels control (HRC), regional control (RC), overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were calculated by Kaplan–Meier method.

Result
Totally, 124 patients were included (62 in center 1, 62 in center 2). Most patients (106, 85.5%) had a stage T3/N + tumor. The median follow-up was 45 months (range 1–163 months). There were no significant differences in terms of OS (p = 0.126), RC (p = 0.514), PFS (p = 0.195) and DMFS (p = 0.834). Most regional recurrences (4, 80%) occurred within three years of treatment, and all occurred within the target volumes. No regional failure occurred in HRL in center 1, while three (3/4) failures occurred in center 2. Dose reduction prescription to HRL led to a lower HRC rate (100% vs. 90.6%, p = 0.009). While the rates of LRL control (98.4%) were equal between the two centers.

Conclusion
Compared with a standard dose, the reduced dose to involved nodal levels showed inferior regional control for PORT, while uninvolved nodal levels showed equal outcomes. A dose of 50 Gy for HRL may be an unfavorable treatment option for SC.
Molecular surveillance reveals widespread colonisation by carbapenemase and extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing organisms in neonatal units in Kenya and Nigeria
Authors: Edwards Thomas , Williams Christopher T. , Olwala Macrine , Andang’o Pauline , Otieno Walter , Nalwa Grace N. , Akindolire Abimbola , Cubas-Atienzar Ana I. , Ross Toby , Tongo Olukemi O. , Adams Emily R. , Nabwera Helen , Allen Stephen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Neonatal sepsis, a major cause of death amongst infants in sub-Saharan Africa, is often gut derived. Gut colonisation by Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) or carbapenemase enzymes can lead to antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) or untreatable infections. We sought to explore the rates of colonisation by ESBL or carbapenemase producers in two neonatal units (NNUs) in West and East Africa.

Methods
Stool and rectal swab samples were taken at multiple timepoints from newborns admitted to the NNUs at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria and the Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kisumu, western Kenya. Samples were tested for ESBL and carbapenemase genes using a previously validated qPCR assay. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to examine colonisation rates at both sites.

Results
In total 119 stool and rectal swab samples were taken from 42 infants admitted to the two NNUs. Colonisation with ESBL (37 infants, 89%) was more common than with carbapenemase producers (26, 62.4%; P = 0.093). Median survival time before colonisation with ESBL organisms was 7 days and with carbapenemase producers 16 days (P = 0.035). The majority of ESBL genes detected belonged to the CTX-M-1 (36/38; 95%), and CTX-M-9 (2/36; 5%) groups, and the most prevalent carbapenemase was blaNDM (27/29, 93%).

Conclusions
Gut colonisation of neonates by AMR organisms was common and occurred rapidly in NNUs in Kenya and Nigeria. Active surveillance of colonisation will improve the understanding of AMR in these settings and guide infection control and antibiotic prescribing practice to improve clinical outcomes.
Galectins and galectin-mediated autophagy regulation: new insights into targeted cancer therapy
Authors: Liu Dan , Zhu Hongtao , Li Chuanzhou 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGalectins are animal lectins with specific affinity for galactosides via the conserved carbohydrate recognition domains. Increasing studies recently have identified critical roles of galectin family members in tumor progression. Abnormal expression of galectins contributes to the proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT), immunosuppression, radio-resistance and chemoresistance in various cancers, which has attracted cumulative clinical interest in galectin-based cancer treatment. Galectin family members have been reported to participate in autophagy regulation under physiological conditions and in non-tumoral diseases, and implication of galectins in multiple processes of carcinogenesis also involves regulation of autophagy, however, the relationship between galectins, autophagy and cancer remains largely unclear. In this review, we introduce the structure and function of galectins at the molecular level, summarize their engagements in autophagy and cancer progression, and also highlight the regulation of autophagy by galectins in cancer as well as the therapeutic potentials of galectin and autophagy-based strategies. Elaborating on the mechanism of galectin-regulated autophagy in cancers will accelerate the exploitation of galectins-autophagy targeted therapies in treatment for cancer.
Optimized geothermal energy extraction from hot dry rocks using a horizontal well with different exploitation schemes
Authors: Huang Guoshu , Hu Xiangyun , Ma Huolin , Liu Liang , Yang Jian , Zhou Wenlong , Liao Weiyang , Ningbo Bai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the foreseeable future, the geothermal exploitation from hot dry rocks (HDR) using a horizontal well will bear potential. Thus, in-depth studies should be conducted on the selection of injection-production scheme (IPS) and working fluid, design of reinjection parameters, optimization of wellbore structure and materials, and analysis of geological settings. This paper proposed a fully coupled model to study the above scientific questions. For Model A, the working fluid was injected into the annulus and then flowed out of the thermal insulation pipe (TIP). Its temperature passes through two stages of temperature rise and two stages of temperature decline. But for model B, the working fluid was injected into the TIP and then flowed out of the annulus. Its temperature undergoes five stages, four stages of temperature rise and one stage of temperature decline. The results show that the Model A is the best IPS owing to its high outlet temperature, stable thermal recovery, and low fluid injection volume. In Model A, when the working fluid was supercritical carbon dioxide and the liquid injection volume was 135.73 m3/d, the heat recovery ratio (HRR) was as high as 85.40%, which was 17.85% higher than that of the Model B whose working medium was water, and its liquid injection volume was only 25% of that. Meanwhile, over ten years of continuous production, the outlet temperature decreased by 7.5 °C and 18.38 °C in the latter. The optimal working fluid has a low volume heat capacity and thermal conductivity for any IPS. Sensitivity studies showed that for the area that met the HDR standard, the effect of reinjection temperature on the outlet temperature can be ignored. As for Model A, HRR drops sharply by 6.74–9.32% when TIP goes from completely adiabatic to nonzero thermal conductivity. Meanwhile, the horizontal segment length of the TIP is shorter when Model A obtains the optimal outlet temperature compared with Model B. In addition, the correlation between the outlet temperature and different formations of thermophysical properties was seriously affected by the IPS and exploitation period, which was summarized in detail.