bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal Enforcement Model in The Eradication of Trawls Capture As an Efforts To Meet SDG's 14: Blue Economy Case Study in Bengkulu
Authors: Andika Tri , Waryenti Deli , Suryaningsih Patricia Ekowati 
Published: July 2023

One of the goals of Sustainable Development is to protect and preserve the oceans, and the natural resources within them, which are known as the Blue Economy concept. Along the way, sustainable development in the management of fishery resources in Indonesia faces problems. This problem arose from the inconsistency of the trawling prohibition policy which ended in the prohibiting of fishing vessels to use trawls in the Indonesian Fishing Territory based on the Regulation of the Minister of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Number 18/PERMEN-KP/2021 articel 7. In Bengkulu City, the implementation of the ministerial regulation has been carried out with the transfer of fishing gear, but fishermen who use trawls still use trawls. Based on the results of previous research, it was found that in Bengkulu City to date there are 100 boats using trawling fishing gear with the potential for conflict between fishermen getting wider. The research method used in this study is an empirical juridical research method with the desired outcome is the right model in law enforcement against the use of trawls in Bengkulu City. The ideal model in regulating trawling fishing gear is policy consistency by prohibiting trawling in fishing areas that are harmful to their use both in marine ecosystems and economically, socially and culturally by fishermen in each region. Keywords: Models, Enforcement, Law, Trawls, SDGs 14.
Application of Restorative Justice in Health Crime
Authors: Retnaningrum Dwi Hapsari , Wahyudi Setya , Budiyono Budiyono , Nugroho Norcha Satria Adi 
Published: July 2023

Health sectors covers wide range of criminal acts, including medical malpractice, circulation of illegal drug, pharmacy and prescription drug fraud, and hospital unprofessionalism. The Number of victims due to crimes in health sector is far more than what it appears to be. An example of crimes within the health sectors is medical malpractice. Malpractice is a bad practice. Restorative justice as new approach offers a solution to criminal cases that focus more on the recovery rather than vengeance. Therefore, the issue that need to be discuss is whether health crimes equate to medical malpractice and how should the application of restorative justice be applied to criminal acts in health sectors. One of the main reasons to implement restorative justice is because the victim as the party who is most harmed and suffers, is in fact generally being abandoned in criminal justice system. The care and protection given to the victim felt not yet adequate especially if the aim is to restore the victim’s suffering. This study shows that health crimes does not equate to medical malpractice because as the name suggested medical malpractice entail a profession. However, criminal acts can be committed by anyone. The application of restorative justice should be applied to cases in health sectors that involve negligence and not cases based on intent. The application of restorative justice can be beneficial to perpetrators, victims, and society. Keywords: restorative justice, malpractice, health crime
Magic Numbers and Mixing Degree in Many-Fermion Systems
Authors: Plastino Angelo , Plastino Angel Ricardo , Monteoliva Diana 
Published: July 2023

We consider an $N$ fermion system at low temperature $T$ in which we encounter special particle number values $N_m$ exhibiting special traits. These
values arise in focusing attention upon the degree of mixture (DM) of the pertinent quantum states. Given the coupling constant of the Hamiltonian, the DMs stay constant for all $N$-values, but experience sudden jumps at the $N_m$. For a quantum state described by the matrix $\rho$, its purity is expressed by $Tr \rho^2$ and then the degree of mixture is given by $1 - Tr \rho^2$, a quantity that coincides with the entropy $S_q$ for $q=2$. Thus, Tsallis entropy of index two faithfully represents the degree of mixing of a state, that is, it measures the extent to which the state departs from maximal purity . Macroscopic manifestations of the degree of mixing can be observed through various physical quantities. Our present study is closely related to properties of many-fermion systemsn that are usually manipulated at zero temperature. Here we wish to study the subject at finite temperature. Gibbs&#039; ensemble is appealed to. Some interesting insights are thereby gained.
Use of Preoperative CT Scans and Patient-Specific Instrumentation May Not Improve Short-Term Adverse Events After Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Navarro Ronald A. , Chan Priscilla H. , Prentice Heather A. , Pearl Michael , Matsen 3rd Frederick A. , McElvany Matthew D. 
Published: July 2023

Background:Ongoing innovation leads to a continuous influx of new technologies related to shoulder arthroplasty. These are made available to surgeons and marketed to both health-care providers and patients with the hope of improving outcomes. We sought to evaluate how preoperative planning technologies for shoulder arthroplasty affect outcomes.Methods:This was a retrospective cohort study conducted using data from an integrated health-care system’s shoulder arthroplasty registry. Adult patients who underwent primary elective anatomic or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (2015 to 2020) were identified. Preoperative planning technologies were identified as (1) a computed tomography (CT) scan and (2) patient-specific instrumentation (PSI). Multivariable Cox regression and logistic regression were used to compare the risk of aseptic revision and 90-day adverse events, respectively, between procedures for which technologies were and were not used.Results:The study sample included 8,117 procedures (in 7,372 patients) with an average follow-up of 2.9 years (maximum, 6 years). No reduction in the risk of aseptic revision was observed for patients having either preoperative CT scans (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.87 to 1.72) or PSI (HR = 1.44; 95% CI = 0.71 to 2.92). Patients having CT scans had a lower likelihood of 90-day emergency department visits (odds ratio [OR] = 0.84; 95% CI = 0.73 to 0.97) but a higher likelihood of 90-day venous thromboembolic events (OR = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.18 to 2.74). Patients with PSI use had a higher likelihood of 90-day deep infection (OR = 7.74; 95% CI = 1.11 to 53.94).Conclusions:We found no reduction in the risk of aseptic revision with the use of these technologies. Patients having CT scans and PSI use had a higher likelihood of venous thromboembolism and deep infection, respectively. Ongoing research with extended follow-up is being conducted to further examine the effects of these technologies on patient outcomes.Level of Evidence:DiagnosticLevel III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
The End of OPEC as We Know It?
Authors: Maxwell Charles T. 
Published: July 2023

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) was founded in 1961. In the first decade or two of its existence, many economic savants tilted against it with claims that it was an unworkable compact between rival oil producers, that it lacked the authority to keep its own members in line on pricing and volume restraint and therefore would soon fly apart, and that its surprising early success would lead to a hubris that would eventually destroy it. Now, some 34 years later, views that OPEC will collapse are not aired so often, at least not publicly. Perhaps, then, it is time to review this possibility again. There is evidence that the economists may have been correct in their judgments but early in their timing.
In a world without OPEC, what would the open market price of oil be? Observers probably have their own assumptions on this, and it would appear that no one case is "right" because the circumstances in which OPEC's collapse might occur are so varied. However, my own rough guess is about $12/bbl for West Texas Intermediate (WTI). Put differently, we estimate that for OPEC to use up its approximately 4 million BID of relatively low-cost excess capacity today by producing at full throttle, the world equivalent price for WTI crude (the principal American grade, now at about $20/bbl *) would have to go down as low as $12 for a time to force the closure of the equivalent 4 million BID of production somewhere else in the global system.
Development of an Efficient ELISA Protocol for Measurement of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Specific IgG in Human Plasma and Serum Samples
Authors: Appeltrath Gwenllian A. , Parreuter Janine , Karsten Christina B. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Here, we present an optimized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) protocol for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) in plasma or serum samples. The protocol offers a rapid and reliable method, delivering results in less than 6 hours. On day 1, 96-well plates are coated with a concentration of 5 µg/mL of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in 0.1 M sodium hydrogen carbonate and left to incubate overnight at 4 °C. Subsequently, the plates undergo thorough washing and are blocked with a buffer containing bovine serum albumin for one hour at room temperature. Diluted samples are added to the wells, followed by a two-hour incubation period. After another round of washing, a horseradish peroxidase-labeled antibody directed against the crystallizable fragment region of IgG is added, and the plates are incubated for one hour. The plates are then washed and developed using 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine-substrate for 30 minutes. The reaction is stopped by the addition of 1 N sulfuric acid. The optimized protocol demonstrated excellent performance, exhibiting a specificity of 99.5% and a sensitivity of 98.1% for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG in human plasma or serum samples.
Macular dynamics and visual acuity prognosis in retinal vein occlusions—Ways to connect
Authors: Darabus Diana-Maria , Pac Cristina Patricia , Rosca Cosmin , Munteanu Mihnea 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to establish possible connections between macular dynamics, various macular features and visual acuity prognosis among patients with retinal vein occlusions.
Methods
This study included 85 patients with central retinal vein occlusions (CRVO) and 26 with branch retinal vein occlusions (BRVO). We assessed macular features such as central macular thickness (CMT), foveal intraretinal hemorrhage (IRH), the presence and distribution of hyperreflective foci (HF), ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption, inner retinal layer disorganization (DRIL), and posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), as well as their dynamics over one year of observation and their impact on final visual acuity prognosis, depending on the type of occlusion.
Results
Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) evolution is statistically significant regarding groups of age and type of occlusion and insignificant regarding gender. The best response to intravitreal treatment, quantified as a decrease in CMT, was registered after the first intravitreal injection. Connecting a decrease in CMT with BCVA improvement, we did not register a statistically significant correlation in the CRVO group, only in BRVO cases. The study results show that complete PVD plays a significant positive role in decreasing CMT and BCVA improvement in cases of CRVO. Our study revealed that no matter the type of occlusion, the presence of foveal IRH will have a negative impact on the BCVA outcome. Statistically significant differences have been noted only for the evolution of visual acuity in non-ischemic CRVO cases, in correlation with the presence of EZ disruption. Outer retinal layer HF have proved to be predictive factors for poor visual acuity outcomes.
Conclusions
The most important non-imaging predicting factors regarding BCVA after retinal vein occlusions are age and baseline BCVA. CMT’s dynamics still establish a weak connection with visual acuity fluctuations. The presence of foveal IRH, outer retinal layer HF and foveal EZ disruption have a negative impact on visual acuity outcome.
Impact of coagulation on SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV viral signal in wastewater solids
Authors: Hegazy Nada , Tian Xin , D'Aoust Patrick M. , Pisharody Lakshmi , Towhid Syeda Tasneem , Mercier Élisabeth , Zhang Zhihao , Wan Shen , Thakali Ocean , Kabir Md Pervez , Fang Wanting , Nguyen Tram B. , Ramsay Nathan T. , MacKenzie Alex E. , Graber Tyson E. , Guilherme Stéphanie , Delatolla Robert 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Wastewater surveillance (WWS) has received interest from researchers, scientists, and public health units for its application in monitoring active COVID-19 cases and detecting outbreaks. While WWS of SARS-CoV-2 has been widely applied worldwide, a knowledge gap exists concerning the effects of enhanced primary clarification, the application of coagulant to primary clarifiers, on SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV quantification for reliable wastewater-based epidemiology. Ferric-based chemical coagulants are extensively used in enhanced clarification, particularly for phosphorus removal, in North America, and Europe. This study examines the effects of coagulation with ferric sulfate on the measurement of SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV viral measurements in wastewater primary sludge and hence also settled solids. The addition of Fe3+ to wastewater solids ranging from 0 to 60 mg/L caused no change in N1 and N2 gene region measurements in wastewater solids, where Fe3+ concentrations in primary clarified sludge represent the conventional minimum and maximum concentrations of applied ferric-based coagulant. However, elevated Fe3+ concentrations were shown to be associated with a statistically significant increase in PMMoV viral measurements in wastewater solids, which consequently resulted in the underestimation of PMMoV normalized SARS-CoV-2 viral signal measurements (N1 and N2 copies/copies of PMMoV). pH reduction from coagulant addition did not contribute to the increase in PMMoV measurements. Thus, this phenomenon is likely attributed to the partitioning of PMMoV particles to the solids of wastewater from the bulk liquid phase of wastewater.
Technical and Economic Models for a Global Patient co-Owned Cloud (GPOC)
Authors: Davids Joe , ElSharkawy Mohamed , Lidstromer Niklas , Ashrafian Hutan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Recent data breaches causing non-consenting profitable use of medical information as well as global environmental catastrophes, and refugee cross-border migration arising from conflict have led to loss of personal healthcare data with patients seeking better control over their data. Likert scale results from the 2022 global audit survey was combined with micro and macroeconomic indicators to construct a three-level statistical model to generate a GPOC-coefficient score. This score stratified stakeholder eligibility into GPOC-ready, welcoming, and approaching further delineating GPOC-approaching affinity into strong, moderate, or weak. From an econometric approach, additional probabilistic models enabled stakeholders seeking to adopt a GPOC to objectively evaluate their economic burden of impact linked to information and infrastructure loss. We observed that there was a normal distribution centred around 72 countries that were strongly approaching a GPOC if non-fiscal shocks were used. This increased to 94% of all participating countries if fiscal shocks were applied. We assert that fiscal and non-fiscal economic parameters affect a GPOC-readiness score. This multifaceted approach enabled prediction of 50-years of various health economic trends and allowed us to create a risk stratification scoring system that enables any interested country to evaluate their economic resources to support the creation and maintenance of a GPOC. We also investigated the technical requirements to develop a GPOC research sandbox that enables individuals to explore various methods of containerised and accessible cloud-based systems that can support data management of personalised health records (PHR). This may allow cross-border movement of one’s PHR in various uniquely encrypted formats that support medical and non-medical research data discovery. We explore tools to meet some of the criteria for the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in supporting healthcare software design for a GPOC. The modular sandbox environment contains various protocols for decentralised data transfer, homomorphic encryption, and personal health record file management etc. Its development and subsequent stakeholders’ adoption will involve patients, clinicians, organisations, companies, regulators, and policymakers. It also offers policymakers the opportunity to consider developing tools to support a co-ownership model and a method to derive value from the GPOC.
Evaluation of sex inequity in lung-cancer-specific survival
Authors: Laerum Dan , Strand Trond-Eirik , Brustugun Odd Terje , Gallefoss Frode , Falk Ragnhild , Durheim Michael T. , Fjellbirkeland Lars 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Whether sex is an independent prognostic factor in lung cancer survival is the subject of ongoing debate. Both large national registries and single hospital studies have shown conflicting findings. In this study, we explore the impact of sex on lung-cancer-specific survival in an unselected population that is well-characterized with respect to stage and other covariates.
Material and Methods
All patients diagnosed with lung cancer at a single hospital serving a whole and defined region in Southern Norway during the 10 years 2007-2016 were included. Follow-up data were available for at least 56 months for all patients. Analyses were adjusted for stage, treatment, performance status, smoking, age, histology, EGFR/ALK/immunotherapy treatment and period. Differences in lung-cancer-specific survival by sex were explored using restricted mean survival times.
Results
Of the 1261 patients diagnosed with lung cancer, 596 (47%) were females and 665 (53%) males, with mean ages of 68.5 and 69.5 years, respectively. The observed five-year lung-cancer-specific survival rate was 27.4% (95% CI 23.7, 31.2) in females and 21.4% (95% CI 18.2, 24.8) in males. However, after adjustment for covariates, no significant differences by sex were observed. The five-year restricted mean survival time was 0.9 months shorter (95% CI -2.1, 0.31, p=0.26) in males compared to females.
Conclusion:
In this cohort, sex was not associated with a difference in lung-cancer-specific survival after adjusting for clinical and biological factors. Imbalance in stage at diagnosis was the main contributor to the observed difference in lung-cancer-specific survival by sex.
Intra-arterial Tirofiban after Intravenous Thrombolysis in a Patient with Capsular warning syndrome: A case report
Authors: Fu Qingqing , Jiang Zhonghua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Capsular warning syndrome (CWS) is a special type of transient ischemic attack syndrome with a high risk to progress into a stroke with a permanent disability. An effective and standard therapy has not yet been established.
Case presentation: We report a 57-year-old man who experienced 4 episodes of dysarthria andleft-sided hemiplegia. He was diagnosed with CWS and treated by r-tPA intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in the third episode. He achieved a transient remission after IVT. However, he developed more severe and persistent symptoms with a National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 8 points at the fourth attack. Intra-arterial tirofiban was administered as remedial therapy and the patient achieved a favorable outcome with a modified Rankin Scale score of 0 at the 3-month follow-up. Conclusion: Intra-arterial tirofiban may act as an effective and safe remedial therapy for patients with CWS who failed to respondto IVT.
Utilization and associated factors for long-acting reversible contraceptive methods in Gondar City, Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Tarekegn Abebe Ayinalem , Gesesse Dereje Nibret 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Sexual and reproductive health issues associated with modern family planning methods remain a community problem in developed and developing countries due to population growth and related factors. Unmet needs for family planning leads to unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and health problems for mothers and children. The intent of this study is to determine utilization of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods and related factors in the community of Gondar City administration. A community-based cross-sectional study design was used for this study, conducted from March 1st to April 30th, 2022 in the Gondar City community. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software to identify associated variables with long-acting reversible contraceptive methods with a P-value of 0.05 at a 95% confidence level. The response rate was 90.1% (508 participants). Most of the study participants were married women (86.6%), had little knowledge (75.2%) and negative attitudes (70.5%) about long term reversible contraceptive methods. Among modern family planning practitioners, 21.7% (18.1%, 25.2%) used long-acting reversible contraceptive methods. Knowledge, age at first marriage, level of education and number of children, and abortion experience were significantly associated with the use of long-acting reversible contraceptives. The uptake of reversible long-acting contraceptives is lower than studies conducted in health care settings. The government, non-governmental organizations, working in sexual and reproductive health, shall increase community knowledge about the benefits of long-acting reversible contraceptive methods and shall promote the participation of women in formal education.