bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dual Role of ACOD1 in Inflammation
Authors: Wu Runliu , Liu Jiao , Tang Daolin , Kang Rui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Immunometabolism is an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the relationship between metabolic pathways and immune responses. Dysregulated immunometabolism contributes to many pathological settings, such as cytokine storm or immune tolerance. Aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1, also known as immunoresponsive gene 1), the mitochondrial enzyme responsible for catalyzing itaconate production, was originally identified as a bacterial LPS-inducible gene involved in innate immunity in mouse macrophages. We now know that the upregulation of ACOD1 expression in immune or nonimmune cells plays a context-dependent role in metabolic reprogramming, signal transduction, inflammasome regulation, and protein modification. The emerging function of ACOD1 in inflammation and infection is a double-edged sword. In this review, we discuss how ACOD1 regulates anti-inflammatory or proinflammatory responses in an itaconate-dependent or -independent manner. Further understanding of ACOD1 expression and function may pave the way for the development of precision therapies for inflammatory diseases.
Occupation-related musculoskeletal pain in school teachers: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Mohammad Noor , Chauhan Sneha , Khan Nahid 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Teaching profession demands the high level of physical and psychological involvement. Musculoskeletal pain is common among different professionals. The study is aimed to find out the occurrence of musculoskeletal pain among teachers and its correlation with occupation.

Methods:
One hundred and nine government school teachers participated in the study. The presence of musculoskeletal pain was assessed by using nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire and job-related stress was assessed by new brief job stress questionnaire. Pearson's correlation was used to correlate the musculoskeletal disorder and job-related stress.

Results:
The study reports that participants experienced musculoskeletal pain at various joints in last 12 months; 62.39% reported neck pain, 41.28% reported shoulder pain, 40.37% reported upper back pain, 9.7% reported elbow pain, 23.85% reported wrist pain, 31.20% reported lower back pain, 10.09% reported hip pain, 34.86% reported knee pain, and 29.36% reported ankle pain. A strong positive correlation was found between job-related stress and neck pain (r = 0.19, P = 0.04) and job-related stress and lower back pain (r = 0.37, P = 0.00).

Conclusion:
From the study, it can be concluded that school teachers increased job-related stress has direct impact on the occurrence of the musculoskeletal pain.
Experiences of Menstruation with Factors Influencing Menstrual Hygiene Practices Among Adolescent Girls Attending Outpatient Department of Secondary Care Hospital Setting
Authors: Pal Mansi , Devi Shyama , Taywade Manish 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Menstruation is a physiological process as it brings changes in a young woman’s life. In this process, menarche is the most important phase in menstruation. It is the onset of first menstruation in girls. In today’s time also, menstruation is confused by different perceptions, myths, and misconceptions, which later affect their menstrual hygiene practices.

Materials and Methods:
The mixed method approach is adopted for the study. A qualitative approach using an in-depth interview was adopted for exploring the experiences of adolescent girls, and a quantitative approach was used for assessing factors influencing menstrual hygiene practices.

Results:
Adolescent girls had various experiences regarding their menarche. Seventy-four percent of girls had average menstrual hygiene practices. Several influencing factors were found and after applying binary logistic analysis four risk factors were found, which are caste, problems faced by girls during menses, frequency of changing pads, and method of disposal.

Conclusion:
The present study shows that girls had various experiences at the time of their menarche. They are having average menstrual hygiene practices, and there are various factors found which influence menstrual hygiene practices. Though there are several modules to maintain menstrual hygiene, still many adolescent girls lack resources such as a supply of clean water, availability of toilets, and use of sanitary pads.
A change in Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Among Healthcare Professionals (HCPs) of Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern State of India
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Raina Sunil , Jaryal Subhash C. , Sharma Sushant 
Published: August 2023

Background:
SARS-CoV-2 is being managed rigorously by healthcare professionals (HCPs) making them vulnerable to infection and pose risk for human resource management.

Objective:
The current study was done to assess the change in seroprevalence, suggesting recent SARS-CoV-2 among HCPs of a tertiary care health facility as per government guidelines.

Materials and Methods:
Two hospital-based surveys (phase 1: September 2020 to January 2021; phase 2: May to June 2021) were carried out to quantify change in seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCPs. A total of 1279 and 765 HCPs were assessed in first and second phase accordingly. Out of 765, a total of 412 professionals were assessed for serum IgG antibody.

Results:
Seroprevalence increases from 12.7% to 31.1% from first to second phase of the study. The adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was found to be significantly high for residents [aOR: 3.57; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.17–10.89], nurses (aOR: 3.54; 95% CI: 1.20–10.42), administrative (aOR: 8.18; 95% CI: 1.43–46.53), and laboratory staff (aOR: 6.03, 95% CI: 2.97–16.05). Adjusted odds were observed to be significantly more among participants positive for reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction test (aOR: 6.90; 95% CI: 2.97–16.05) and positive for IgG in P1 (aOR: 2.59; 95% CI: 1.32–5.09).

Discussion:
HCPs mainly residents, nurses, hospital support, and laboratory staff are observed with increased SARS-CoV-2 infection from first to second phase of the study.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice among Health Professionals in an Oncological Hospital on Voluntary Blood Donation - Investigating their Participation in Programs to Promote Blood Donation
Authors: Kouka Eugenia 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
Greece, despite its relative blood sufficiency and high international ranking in terms of the number of blood donors compared to its population, faces significant challenges due to the low rate of voluntary blood donors, as well as the demographic aging of the population in the medium to longer term. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of health professionals at the Oncological Hospital “Metaxa” in Greece, regarding voluntary blood donation (VBD). The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of sociodemographic characteristics of health professionals as regards KAP on VBD and to find factors related to their participation in VBD promotion policies.

Methods:
The study was based on the review of the relevant literature, followed by empirical research employing the KAP model. The study was conducted on 254 health professionals of the Oncological Hospital “Metaxa.” in the period December 20, 2019 to March 3, 2020, using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 with P value set at 0.05 for statistical significance.

Results:
The research findings indicate a high score in the knowledge and attitudes of health professionals regarding blood donation (BD), but low performance in the practice. BD correlates to knowledge and attitudes as well as gender. The majority of the health professionals responded positively in terms of their participation in BD programs. Gender, age, professional position, and years of service were associated with participation in BD programs.

Conclusions:
The results of the research justify the possibility of activating health professionals in policies to promote VBD, to the extent that due to their knowledge and positive attitude regarding BD, they can promote VBD in different population groups and ultimately contribute to an increase in the size of blood supply.
Evaluation of Prevalence of Weak D Antigen among Rhesus-Negative Patients in Tertiary Care Hospitals in Bangladesh
Authors: Afroz Tamanna , Rahman Manjuma , Naznin Bepasha , Islam Md Ashadul , Saleh Abu Jafar Mohammed 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
In 1939, D antigen was discovered which is believed to be the most immunogenic antigen in Rhesus (Rh) blood group system. There are some D variants such as weak D, partial D, and DEL due to gene polymorphism. These variants can cause RhD-positive person to behave like RhD negative which could result in alloimmunization. Clinically weak D antigen is very important due to its strong immunogenicity in spite of its low frequency. Hence, we need to know the prevalence of weak D variants in the community. The purpose of this study is to find out weak D prevalence among the Bangladeshi population.

Methods:
It is a retrospective study done over the last 5 years, from January 2015 to December 2019, at the department of transfusion medicine of three tertiary care hospitals in Bangladesh. A total of 177,702 patients were enrolled in the study. Blood samples that were negative for RhD were tested for weak D by indirect antiglobulin test according to institutional protocol.

Results:
Out of 177,702 patients, 7359 (4.1%) were found to be RhD negative and among those, 14 (0.19%) were weak D antigen positive.

Conclusion:
Weak D antigen is prevalent in Bangladesh and every RhD-negative individual should be checked for the presence of weak D to prevent RhD alloimmunization.
Response to Convalescent Plasma is not Influenced by Patient Blood Type
Authors: Hartman William R. , Hess Aaron S. , Connor Joseph P. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
SARS-CoV2 virus is associated with 580,000 deaths and 32.5 million cases of COVID-19 infection in the United States. Data exist suggesting a correlation between blood type and disease acquisition and severity. No such data exist between blood type and disease response to convalescent plasma therapy.

Methods:
Forty-four hospitalized COVID-19 patients who were transfused with type-specific convalescent plasma were followed to determine therapeutic response and disease survivability. Statistical significance was determined as to whether a correlation between blood type and convalescent plasma treatment exists.

Results:
No statistically significant correlation exists between blood type and hospital length of stay or disease survivability in hospitalized COVID-19 patients who received convalescent plasma.

Conclusion:
Blood type does not influence outcome response to convalescent plasma in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Matched Unrelated Donor Attrition in a Stem Cell Registry
Authors: Mishra Vikash Chandra , Bhardwaj Amit K , Dey Nikki , Chandra Dinesh , Anthwal Archana , Raina Vimarsh 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objective:
Increment in voluntary stem cell donor registrations has led to an increase in the chances of a patient finding a perfect match for matched unrelated donor (MUD) hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplant. However, it has been seen multiple times that the donor's passion to donate HSCs is short lived. They register with a strong commitment, however, when they are approached to donate, they back out. This write-up is an attempt to quantify and analyze the rate and reasons of MUD deferral in a stem cell registry from North India.

Methods:
Registered volunteer stem cell donors who backed out after getting matched were interviewed to understand the reasons behind their deferral. Key steps taken for sustaining the passion of registered donors included amendments in the donor recruitment process and maintaining constant communication with the recruited donors.

Results:
The attrition rate of the registry for final donation during the studied period was 22.91%. A total of 22 cases of donor deferral were observed. Among these, 15 donors (68.19%) who backed out were female and 7 (31.81%) were male. There were three main reasons observed behind this attrition, namely personal reasons, medical reasons from the donor side, and medical reasons from the patient side.

Conclusion:
To minimize donor deferral, various new strategies could be implemented such as requesting the participation of experienced donors in counseling sessions, requesting guardian's involvement in case the donor is a teen or is in their early twenties (between 18 and 25 years), and requesting the name of the person they consulted before signing up for donation.
An Analysis of Association of Human Leukocyte Antigen and Liver Disease Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, India
Authors: Mehra Simmi , Tiwari Aseem Kumar , Rajvanshi Chhavi , Chauhan Rajni , Sud Randhir , Soin Arvinder Singh 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
In addition, the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in transplantation, importance of HLA in disease susceptibility, and protection has been widely studied. The aim of the present study was to find out the HLA allelic frequency (HLA-A,-B,-DRB1) and its association with liver diseases.

Methods:
The present study was done for the duration of 4 years from 2013 to 2017 in a tertiary care center which primarily caters to north Indian patient population. A total of 429 patients were studied. The HLA genotyping was performed by molecular method using commercial available low resolution ABDR sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe-based method (Luminex platform).

Results:
There was an increased association of HLA-A*01 (n = 9, 18.6%), HLA-B*15, B*35, B*40, B*44 (n = 5, 11.6%), and HLA-DRB1*15 (n = 9, 20.9%) in 43 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related disease. There was an increased association of HLA-A*24 (n = 9, 20.7%), HLA-B*35, B*40 (n = 14, 15.2%), and HLA-DRB1*15 (n = 17, 18.5%) in 92 patients with alcohol-related disease. An increased association of HLA-A*11 (n = 30, 19.6%), HLA-B*35 (n = 24, 16.8%) and HLA-DRB1*15 (n = 28, 19.6%) in 143 patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) related disease.

Conclusion:
This is possibly the first study in the north Indian patients having liver diseases related to HBV, HCV, and alcohol related with respect to A, B, and DR loci previous studies from India were conducted to see disease association of HLA class I and class II with respect to HCV only.
Compliance of Documentation by Health-Care Professionals
Authors: Fatima Naveena , Anwar Nida , Ul Mujtaba Haya , Shamsi Tahir 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
In transfusion practices, noncompliance with standard guidelines may lead to cause adverse events. Bedside assessment during and posttransfusion is equally important as overall transfusion-related precautions. The current study was conducted to observe the practices of health-care professionals related to transfusion documentation through a structured questionnaire.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 after ethical approval. A questionnaire structured for the documentation of transfusion process at bedside was filled having information of the name of the product receiver, date, time, name of patient with a medical identification number, ABO group match with the product, name of two health-care staff who started transfusion, and start and stop timings of transfusion. Initials of staff and patient vital record at onset, 15 min, and the end of transfusion were also recorded. Analysis was performed by using SPSS 23.0.

Results:
A total of 500 transfusion episodes were analyzed, out of which 115 (23%) forms were available in the patient files and 88 (76%) forms were filled. The overall compliance rate was 18%. The highest compliance was observed in the documentation of the name of nursing staff at the start of transfusion 79 (90%) and noncompliance was observed in the documentation of duty doctor initials at the completion 85 (96%).

Conclusions:
We observed scarce practice regarding transfusion-related documentation by health-care staff at the bedside. Stringent steps should be taken to avoid morbidities and mortalities. Training and education in this context is the need of time.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Transfusion Practice
Authors: Riahi Salma , Ifa Lamia , Boukadida Sihem , Heni Meriem , Haddad Nihel , Smida Mahdi , Bouatay Amina 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
The COVID-19 pandemic created a global health crisis with a multisector disruption, particularly in blood transfusion services where restrictive measures unsettled the blood supply. In this context, we have reported our experience during this crisis by evaluating the transfusion activity before and during the pandemic as well as the measures undertaken.

Methods:
This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted at the blood bank of a tertiary healthcare hospital from Sousse, Tunisia, during the years 2019 and 2020. The analysis focused on the monthly comparison of data of the blood bank including the number of donations recorded and the number of labile blood products produced and distributed during the 2 years of the study.

Results:
The total number of annual donations in 2020 decreased by 14% compared to 2019. The number of monthly donations decreased significantly, especially during the two epidemic peaks in Tunisia (in April and October 2020). The production of packed red blood cells has decreased by 17% (up to 53% reduction during the first wave). The production as well as the distribution of fresh frozen plasma and platelet concentrates decreased significantly with an annual reduction of 12.3% and 25%, respectively, with a stable rate for the apheresis platelet concentrates.

Conclusion:
The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a universal threat on all levels and, in particular, on the safety of transfusion practice. The development of an appropriate management plan would be necessary to surpass this crisis.
Adverse reactions to the Donation of Platelet by Apheresis and Related Factors in a Tertiary Level Care Blood Center
Authors: Arunachalam Vadivel , Kulkarni Rajendra , Basavarajegowda Abhishekh 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
Although blood donation by apheresis is very safe, it is essential to identify the adverse reactions that happen and address the factors related to it so as to improve the donation experience both to the donors and the center accepting donations. This study was designed to assess the frequency of adverse reaction in donors undergoing apheresis for platelet donation and delineate the factors associated with the occurrence of such adverse donor reactions, if any.

Methodology:
This was an analytical retrospective study on the available data of all the donors who donated single-donor apheretic platelets in our blood center from January 2014 to October 2018.

Results:
The overall donor reaction rate was 8.3%, with the majority (4.7%) being a local reaction in the form of a hematoma. The other 3.6% were systemic reactions, among which 2.1% were citrate reactions and 1.5% vasovagal reactions (VVRs). The variables associated with a VVR were body weight <75 kg and diastolic blood pressure of <70 mmHg, whereas for citrate-related toxicities, it was the duration of the procedure and the amount of anticoagulant used. 4.7% of them were localized reactions in the form of the hematoma, which were more common in first-time donors.

Conclusion:
Adverse donor reactions to plateletpheresis are notable (8.3%) but generally mild. Auditing them to look for factors associated helps us review the policies and improve competencies among the staff to improve the safety of donors.
Impact of COVID-19 on Blood Transfusion Services and Strategies Used in Kerala
Authors: Rafi Aboobacker Mohammed , Bhaskaran Ramesh 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic is creating major disruptions globally at all levels of health care. The novel challenges affecting the efficiency of blood transfusion services range from uncertain patterns of demand for blood components to reductions in the numbers of donations and staffing because of lockdown and quarantine.1 The authors attempt to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on blood transfusion services and the strategies used in the state of Kerala.

Methods:
A Google Form questionnaire was framed and was sent across all the blood centres in the state of Kerala through e-mail and other social media platforms; taking into account the various strategies taken to ensure a safe blood supply.

Results:
Only 28% rvesponded. 85% had reduction in blood. 99% had a specific COVID screening questionnaire. 80% had thermal screening and frequent cleaning. 35% used disposable bed sheets and implemented a token/prior appointment system. Only 10% conducted donation camps. 76% had shortage of staff due to lockdown. 90% had a shift system in the form of work arrangement. 35% were not provided PPE as they had shortage. 57% had a reduction in their salary. Only 7% blood centres faced shortage in consumables. 23% had an increased wastage in blood components and a few reagents. Only 7.5% of the centres were involved in CCP collection. 99% of the blood centres were willing to be part of CCP collection if the need arises.

Conclusion:
The BTS is responsible to provide an uninterrupted blood supply and it requires coordination at every level. Staff safety in the form of PPE and security in the form of salary should not be deprived of as health-care workers are the main pillars in the fight against COVID-19. The BTS in Kerala responded to the pandemic by strictly following the NBTC guidelines. When the need arises, the infrastructure at various blood centres has to be utilized so that the treatment outcomes of COVID-19 are also improved.
The First Data of Hemovigilance
Authors: Miah Sonia Shormin , Doha Mostofa Ahmed , Islam Md Ashadul , Sharmin Nadia 
Published: August 2023

Background and Objectives:
Hemovigilance is a prime requirement for safe transfusion practice rather it may be the reflection of laboratory performance in a blood bank. This study is the first report of transfusion errors and adverse reactions recorded in Bangladesh. It is a new approach to collect and analyze the data pertaining to issues associated with blood transfusion in the day care. This study is aimed to perceive the frequency of adverse reactions and the errors associated with its barrier.

Methods:
This cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the daycare unit of the Department of Transfusion Medicine of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University from July 2018 to June 2019. Any error regarding pretransfusion and transfusion procedure and adverse event following transfusion was noted according to departmental standard operating procedure and collected data were analyzed with Microsoft Excel 2016.

Results:
Of the 10,762 units of blood component selected for the issue to 6995 patients, 66 units were discarded. For various reasons. Out of 10696 units of blood component transfused, a total of 459 (4.29%) transfusion reactions were observed among which 390 (3.6%) were acute and 69 (0.6%) were delayed. Mild allergic (40.5%) and Febrile nonhemolytic (36.4%) were the most common acute reaction whereas alloimmunization (9.4%) and delayed hemolysis (4.1%) were the most observed delayed transfusion reaction. Among the recipient, transfusion reactions were observed slightly more in males (7.5%) than in females (5%) and the most affected age group was 20–29 years.

Conclusion:
However, it is not always possible to analyze the relevance of all the transfusions and the outcome of the patient. Now, a developing country like Bangladesh has to face and notify the errors and to solve them in parallel.