bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vibegron shows high efficacy in pediatric patients with refractory daytime urinary incontinence
Authors: Hyuga Taiju , Tanabe Kazuya , Kubo Taro , Nakamura Shigeru , Nakai Hideo , Moriya Kimihiko 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeSparse published reports exist nowadays on vibegron and pediatric overactive bladder, so its usefulness of this agent remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effectiveness of vibegron for pediatric cases of daytime urinary incontinence (DUI), including refractory cases.MethodsParticipants comprised 57 patients treated with vibegron for DUI from March 2019 to April 2022. To investigate treatment outcomes and risk factors for pediatric patients with refractory DUI, the following factors were evaluated: age at initiatial administration; frequency of DUI; duration of vibegron treatment; presence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs); presence of constipation; and anticholinergic medications before and after initiation of treatment.ResultsPatients included 38 boys and 19 girls with a median age at initial administration of 111 months (range: 64–202 months) and a median administration term of 6 months (range: 1–33 months). With treatment for 6 months, the response rate (complete response + partial response) was 68.3%. A total of 24 cases with NDD showed a 72.0% response rate at 6 months. As for the relationship between anticholinergic agents and vibegron, 15 cases were treated with vibegron as the first choice without anticholinergics (First‐choice cases), and 33 cases were treated with vibegron alone after switching from anticholinergics (Switch cases). Vibegron was used in combination with anticholinergic agents in 9 cases (Add‐on cases). Response rates at 6 months were 85.0% in First‐choice cases, 66.3% in Switch cases, and 40.7% in Add‐on cases. Univariate analyses failed to identify any significant risk factors for refractory cases.ConclusionsVibegron was effective in pediatric cases of DUI, with efficacy demonstrated within a short time in many cases. Vibegron is expected to play a significant role in the treatment of DUI in pediatric cases.
The effect of 12 weeks of estriol cream on stress urinary incontinence post‐menopause: A prospective multinational observational study
Authors: te West Nevine I. D. , Harris Katie , Jeffrey Steven , de Nie Iris , Parkin Katrina , Roovers Jan‐Paul , Moore Kate H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo quantitate the changes in stress urinary incontinence (SUI) outcome measures after 12 weeks of vaginal estriol cream in women with stress incontinence.MethodsA prospective multicentre observational study conducted in tertiary urogynaecology centers. Postmenopausal women with pure SUI or stress predominant mixed urinary incontinence (MUI), not receiving any other treatment for their incontinence were given written instructions regarding digital application of a standard dose of vaginal estriol cream. Outcomes were measured at baseline and 12 weeks. The primary objective outcome was vaginal pH. The primary subjective outcome was the stress domain of the Urogenital Distress Inventory‐6 (UDI‐6). The secondary objective outcome used was the erect cough stress test. Two quality of life questionnaires and two patient reported outcomes were also included.ResultsThe 46 postmenopausal recruits had a median age of 62.1 interquartile range (IQR 56.2–65.4). At follow up, the primary subjective outcome SUI domain [UDI‐6] significantly improved from 83.3 (IQR 50–100) to 33.3 (33.3–66.7, p ≤ 0.001) as did vaginal pH [from 5.1 (4.9–5.9) to 4.9 (4.6–5.0] p ≤ 0.001; 18/43 patients (42%) were dry on cough stress test.ConclusionsTwelve weeks of vaginal estriol cream significantly reduced symptoms of stress urinary incontinence in this sample of postmenopausal women.
A block Cholesky‐LU‐based QR factorization for rectangular matrices
Authors: Le Borne Sabine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Householder method provides a stable algorithm to compute the full QR factorization of a general matrix. The standard version of the algorithm uses a sequence of orthogonal reflections to transform the matrix into upper triangular form column by column. In order to exploit (level 3 BLAS or structured matrix) computational advantages for block‐partitioned algorithms, we develop a block algorithm for the QR factorization. It is based on a well‐known block version of the Householder method which recursively divides a matrix columnwise into two smaller matrices. However, instead of continuing the recursion down to single matrix columns, we introduce a novel way to compute the QR factors in implicit Householder representation for a larger block of several matrix columns, that is, we start the recursion at a block level instead of a single column. Numerical experiments illustrate to what extent the novel approach trades some of the stability of Householder's method for the computational efficiency of block methods.
Spatial and temporal constraints of the cohesive modeling: A unified criterion for fluid‐driven fracture
Authors: Wang Quan , Yu Hao , Xu WenLong , Lyu ChengSi , Zhang JiaNing , Micheal Marembo , Wu HengAn 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present a unified criterion for cohesive modeling of fluid‐driven fracture based on the dimensional analysis to simultaneously provide the constraint for cohesive element and time step sizes. Complicated by the nonlinear interaction between solid deformation and fluid flow, the underlying correlation between discretization and physical parameters of fluid‐driven fracture is still unclear. This work studies this correlation through the dimensionless process of the governing equations that associate the cohesive element and time step sizes in a discrete regime. Three characteristic parameters (i.e., related to crack opening, fluid pressure, and fracture length) are introduced in the derivation, and two dimensionless parameters are proposed to construct the unified criterion. The criterion is validated by numerical tests of toughness‐dominated fracture with various conditions including the modulus of solid, injection rate of fluid, fracture energy, and in‐situ stress. The proposed criterion determines the spatial and temporal constraints of the cohesive zone model for modeling fluid‐driven fracture, which is often treated empirically in previous practices.
Experiences and needs of certified nursing assistants regarding coaching by bachelor‐educated registered nurses in nursing homes: A qualitative study
Authors: Van Kuppenveld Marieke , Lovink Marleen Hermien , Persoon Anke 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAims and objectivesThis study aimed to gain insight into the experiences and needs of certified nursing assistants regarding their coaching by bachelor‐educated registered nurses in nursing homes.BackgroundCertified nursing assistants are key in providing day‐to‐day nursing home care. They are, however, not trained to meet the increasingly complex needs of nursing home residents. For certified nursing assistants to respond to high‐complexity care, coaching by bachelor‐educated registered nurses may be appropriate. Yet, knowledge of how bachelor‐educated registered nurses can provide valid coaching is lacking.DesignAn explorative qualitative design was adopted.MethodsCertified nursing assistants (n = 13) were purposively selected from 10 Dutch nursing homes. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted in 2020 and 2021, and thematic analysis was applied.ResultsTwo main themes emerged: connecting with certified nursing assistants, and the coaching activities themselves. Certified nursing assistants deemed several aspects important for bachelor‐educated registered nurses to connect with them: respecting the autonomy of certified nursing assistants, being visible and reachable, adapting communication, clarifying own job description, and participating in care. Certified nursing assistants perceived coaching by bachelor‐educated registered nurses as valuable when they fulfil their needs through activities such as empowering, teaching, and mediating between management and certified nursing assistants.ConclusionsValid coaching of certified nursing assistants appears possible and requires specific competencies of bachelor‐educated registered nurses.Relevance to clinical practiceCoaching certified nursing assistants is one way of addressing complex care needs in nursing homes, and coaching can contribute to both professional and team development. As coaching requires specific competencies of bachelor‐educated registered nurses, nursing education profiles should be enriched with this most important role. Management can facilitate coaching by providing bachelor‐educated registered nurses with a clear job description.Patient or public contributionExperts on coaching in nursing home settings informed the topic list. Furthermore, member check was performed.
Midwives and public health nurses' knowledge and clinical practice in securing sufficient iodine status in relation to pregnancy: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Johnsen Maren , Braaten Tonje , Skeie Guri , Laholt Hilde , Hansen Solrunn 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate midwives' (MWs) and public health nurses' (PHNs) clinical practice and knowledge related to nutrition, with a particular focus on iodine in northern parts of Norway. Maternal iodine status prior to and during pregnancy, and the lactating period, is crucial for brain development and growth of the foetus and infant, from conception up until the first two years of life. In Norway, studies have documented mild to moderate iodine deficiency in this group.Design/MethodsMWs (n = 128) and PHNs (n = 154) responded to a survey regarding nutrition and iodine. Descriptive data and non‐parametric tests were used to analyse data.ResultsAround half of the participants provided dietary guidance to a great extent. Practice of iodine‐specific recommendations was lower, particularly regarding lactating women. Compared to other nutrients, iodine was not a priority.ConclusionThe study indicates a lack of knowledge and poor clinical practice about iodine among MWs and PHNs.
Changes in body size in some bird species from the Yucatán peninsula since the Late Pleistocene
Authors: Silva‐Martínez Ana Frida , Zúñiga‐Vega J. Jaime , Arroyo‐Cabrales Joaquín , Sánchez‐González Luis A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuring the Pleistocene, the Yucatán Peninsula reached its greatest geographic extension, with 457,650 km2, but the rise of sea level after the Last Glacial Maximum (ca. 20,000–12,000 years ago) reduced its area to 225,182 km2(50.8% reduction). These geographic extension changes likely modified the extension of different habitats throughout the peninsula, which may have also promoted morphological changes in the species that inhabit this region. Here, we tested if the reduction of the geographic size of the Yucatán Peninsula may have promoted changes in the body size of three fossil bird species and two modern bird species. We compared Late Pleistocene bird fossils specimens from Loltún, Yucatán, Mexico (ca. 28,000–11,700 ya), San Josecito Cave and Tlapacoya, and study skins of collected specimens. To assess the area‐scale ratio and to establish if body size changes occurred over time from a large to a small body size, we relied on the “island rule” as a framework; we also relied on Bergmann's rule, which postulates a decreasing in size from north to south in homeothermic species to recognize if these birds show a north to south cline. Based on body mass and measurements of the tarsometatarsi, a reliable proxy for the estimation of body size, we performed statistical analyses to test for differences between fossil and non‐fossil birds, as well as to test a gradient in body mass north to south. We found a statistically significant trend in body size changes through time, from small body sizes in fossil birds to larger body sizes in non‐fossil birds. These results suggest that relatively recent ecological factors related to the environmental carrying capacity may have promoted body size variations in birds from the Yucatán Peninsula. We also found that modern population of bird species follow Bergmann's rule.
An investigation on Moringa oleifera fruit (drumstick)‐derived cellulose micro and nanofiber reinforced styrene butadiene rubber composites
Authors: Koley Riya , Ghorai Uttam Kumar , Chattopadhyay Santanu , Bhowmick Anil K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe current focus in the elastomer industry is to look for biobased or natural filler for various compounds. The reinforcing effect of waste drumstick‐derived cellulose micro and nanofiber in styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) was investigated for the very first time. Cellulose microfibers and nanofibers were isolated from the drumstick fruit peel and characterized using different techniques such as x‐ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The filler‐polymer interaction in the composites was studied using the bound rubber measurements, which showed that the bound rubber content of the composite increased from 0.5% to 8.1% at 5 phr cellulose nanofiber loading. The tensile strength and modulus of the modified cellulose microfiber‐containing composite were higher than both the unfilled SBR and the raw fiber‐SBR composites. The addition of 5 phr nanofiber to SBR showed a 46% increment of the tensile strength than the control compound. The die swell index of the cellulose fiber reinforced composites came down attesting the better processability of the extrudates. The addition of cellulose fiber also improved the wet skid resistance of the composites as seen from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. Hence, this work confirms the application of modified drumstick microfibers and nanofibers as sustainable fillers for high‐performance elastomers composites.
Prevalence of chronic pain in children and adolescents with psychiatric conditions
Authors: Lundqvist Sara , Knez Rajna , Nagy Karin , Nasic Salmir , Kerekes Nóra , Kantzer Anne‐Katrin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of pain in children and adolescents with psychiatric conditions is rarely investigated. The aims of the current study were to (a) describe the prevalence of headaches and abdominal pain in children and adolescents with psychiatric conditions, (b) compare the prevalence of pain in children and adolescents with psychiatric conditions with that in the general population, and (c) investigate the associations between pain experience and different types of psychiatric diagnoses. Families with a child aged 6–15 years who had been referred to a child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) clinic completed the Chronic Pain in Psychiatric Conditions questionnaire. Information about the child/adolescent's psychiatric diagnosis(es) was extracted from the CAP clinic's medical records. The children and adolescents included in the study were divided into diagnostic groups and compared. Their data were also compared with data of control subjects collected during a previous study of the general population. Abdominal pain was more common among girls with a psychiatric diagnosis (85%) than in the matched control population (62%, p = 0.031). Children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental diagnoses had a higher prevalence of abdominal pain than children and adolescents with other psychiatric diagnoses. Pain conditions in children and adolescents with a psychiatric diagnosis are common and must be addressed.
PBPK modeling of ivermectin—Considerations for the purpose of developing alternative routes to optimize its safety profile
Authors: Rowland Yeo Karen , Wesche David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough single‐dose ivermectin has been widely used in mass‐drug administration programs for onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis for many years, ivermectin may have utility as an endectocide with mosquito‐lethal effects at dosages greater and longer than those used to treat helminths. The final physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for ivermectin described here was able to capture, with reasonable accuracy, observed plasma drug concentration‐time profiles and exposures of ivermectin after a single oral dose of the drug in healthy male (dose range 6–30 mg) and female subjects, in both fasted and fed states, in African patients with onchocerciasis (150 μg/kg) and in African children. The PBPK model can be used for further work on lactation, pediatric dosing (considering CYP3A4 and Pg‐p ontogenies), and pregnancy, especially if nonstandard doses will be used. The key findings of our study indicate that absorption of ivermectin may be highly dependent on bile micelle‐mediated solubility. The drug is highly lipophilic and permeable, and its plasma exposure appears to be associated with the body mass index of an individual. These are all factors that need to be considered when extrapolating to more complex oral formulations or alternative routes of administration. Administering lower doses over a longer period may attenuate the dependence on bile micelle‐mediated solubility. With relevant inputs, the verified PBPK model developed here could be used to simulate plasma exposures following administration of ivermectin by complex generics in development.
Structural investigation of carbon nanocone through topological coindices
Authors: Shanmukha M. C. , Usha A. , Shilpa K. C. , Siddiqui Muhammad Kamran 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTopological descriptors play a significant role in the selection of leading molecules for studies/drug design/research. As these descriptors equip the quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models with the physical and chemical properties of the compound, they have become alternative for traditional methods of screening the chemical libraries which is expensive and time consuming. The practicality of these descriptors in QSAR models have been largely demonstrated in the studies by various researchers globally. This study focuses on the chemical compound, carbon nanocone, for which nine degree based topological coindices are determined for such as first Zagreb coindex ), second Zagreb coindex (), Randic coindex (), reciprocal Randic coindex ), Forgotten coindex (), Atom bond connectivity coindex (), Geometric arithmetic coindex (), Sombor coindex (), SS coindex (). Accordingly, the structure of the nanocone is considered for , , , and for which numerical comparison is tabulated with respect to the graphs to understand the behavior of the coindices.
Assistent guide: A novel device for ureteral stent placement in robot‐assisted intracorporeal ileal conduit
Authors: Sasaki Yutaro , Takahashi Masayuki , Fukuta Kyotaro , Shiozaki Keito , Daizumoto Kei , Ueno Yoshiteru , Tomida Ryotaro , Tsuda Megumi , Kusuhara Yoshito , Fukawa Tomoya , Yamaguchi Kunihisa , Yamamoto Yasuyo , Izaki Hirofumi , Kanayama Hiroomi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionUreteral stent placement in robot‐assisted intracorporeal ileal conduit formation (RICIC) is more challenging than extracorporeal urinary diversion. We developed a novel dedicated device called the Assistent guide for safe and smooth performance of ureteral stent placement by the patient‐side surgeon (PSS).MethodsThis study reviewed the clinical records of 59 patients underwent RICIC with a total of 110 ureteral stent placements: 59 stents were placed using the Assistent guide, and 51 stents were placed using a suction tip.ResultsThe stenting time was significantly shorter in the Assistent guide group than in the suction tip group. Even for beginners, the stenting time was significantly shorter. The PSSs' satisfaction score was significantly higher in the Assistent guide group. No complications associated with ureteral stent placement occurred.ConclusionsWe showed the safety and efficacy of the Assistent guide for ureteral stent placement in RICIC.
Road of the least developed countries to sustainable development: Assessing trade participation in the context of the sustainable development goals
Authors: Fojtíková Lenka , Vavrek Roman , Doleželová Petra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe least developed countries (LDCs) have been declared a battleground where the success or failure of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will be decided. Being the main instrument of support of LDCs and one of the main means of the implementation of the SDGs, international trade plays a crucial role in this case. Following the importance of trade for the sustainable development of LDCs, the study evaluates the success of selected LDCs in increasing their participation in international trade since the beginning of the new millennium. The participation of LDCs in international trade and the progress they have individually made is explored using 10 criteria, which were processed by the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The low participation of LDCs in international trade and the almost negligible progress they have made brings legitimate doubts about whether international trade can fulfill its function as a means of implementation of the SDGs in these countries.
Atypical Wells Syndrome Successfully Treated with Dupilumab
Authors: McMullan Patrick , Torre Kristin , Santiago Sueheidi , Weston Gillian , Lu Jun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Wells syndrome, also referred to as eosinophilic cellulitis, is a rare and often sporadic inflammatory skin condition whose aetiology remains uncertain. Clinically, this condition presents as a collection of erythematous, oedematous, and tender skin lesions most often affecting the extremities and trunk that can mimic cellulitis. Histologically, Wells syndrome is characterised by inflammatory changes and eosinophilic infiltration of the dermis with the absence of underlying infection, thereby distinguishing it from cellulitis. Due to the rarity of this syndrome and its ambiguous presentation, there remains to be a definitive strategy for treatment. Recent case reports have documented varying success and recurrence with the use of oral and topical corticosteroids, antifungals, antibiotics, immunosuppressants and antihistamines. Here, we report a unique case of progressively worsening neutrophilic-rich Wells syndrome on the vertex of the scalp that was successfully treated with a combination of dupilumab and oral corticosteroids.
Thermoresponsive Conductivity of Graphene‐Based Fibers
Authors: Salim Muhammad G. , Vasudevan Vaibhav , Schulman Nicholas , Zamani Somayeh , Kersey Kyle D. , Joshi Yash , AlAmer Mohammed , Choi Ji Il , Jang Seung Soon , Joo Yong Lak 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSmart materials are versatile material systems which exhibit a measurable response to external stimuli. Recently, smart material systems have been developed which incorporate graphene in order to share on its various advantageous properties, such as mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity as well as to achieve unique stimuli‐dependent responses. Here, a graphene fiber‐based smart material that exhibits reversible electrical conductivity switching at a relatively low temperature (60 °C), is reported. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and density functional theory‐based non‐equilibrium Green's function (DFT‐NEGF) approach, it is revealed that this thermo‐response behavior is due to the change in configuration of amphiphilic triblock dispersant molecules occurring in the graphene fiber during heating or cooling. These conformational changes alter the total number of graphene‐graphene contacts within the composite material system, and thus the electrical conductivity as well. Additionally, this graphene fiber fabrication approach uses a scalable, facile, water‐based method, that makes it easy to modify material composition ratios. In all, this work represents an important step forward to enable complete functional tuning of graphene‐based smart materials at the nanoscale while increasing commercialization viability.