bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimodal Management of Cervical Insufficiency Complicated by Intra-amniotic Candida albicans Infection
Authors: Chon Andrew H. , Monson Martha A. , Gomez Nicole G. , Butler-Wu Susan M. , Chmait Ramen H. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction Bacteria are the most common pathogens implicated in ascending infections in patients with cervical insufficiency. However, Candida albicans is a rare and serious cause of intra-amniotic infection that should be considered on the differential diagnosis. Upon diagnosis following cerclage placement, patients are generally advised to undergo immediate cerclage removal and discontinuation of the pregnancy due to the high risk of maternal and fetal morbidity. However, some patients decline and instead elect to continue the pregnancy with or without treatment. Limited data exist to guide management of these high-risk patients.
Case Presentation We describe a case of previable intra-amniotic C. albicans infection diagnosed following physical examination–indicated cerclage placement. The patient declined pregnancy termination and subsequently underwent systemic antifungal therapy as well as serial intra-amniotic fluconazole instillations. Fetal blood sampling confirmed transplacental transfer of maternal systemic antifungal therapy. The fetus delivered preterm and without evidence of fungemia, despite persistently positive amniotic fluid cultures.
Conclusion In a well-counseled patient with culture-proven intra-amniotic C. albicans infection declining termination of pregnancy, multimodal antifungal therapy in the form of systemic and intra-amniotic fluconazole administration may prevent subsequent fetal or neonatal fungemia and improve postnatal outcomes.
Key Points
The Association of Perceived Labor Agentry and Depression and/or Anxiety
Authors: Whelan Anna R. , Recabo Olivia , Ayala Nina K. , Clark Melissa A. , Lewkowitz Adam K. 
Published: March 2023

Objective Pregnancies complicated by perinatal mood disorders or a history of mental health disorder are at increased risk for complications including postpartum depression/anxiety. Patients' perceived control over childbirth is known to be an important factor for development of postpartum depression/anxiety. It is unclear whether women with preexisting and/or current depression and/or anxiety have different perceptions of control during childbirth compared with those without these comorbidities. This study aimed to evaluate the association between a current and/or prior diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety and scores on the Labour Agentry Scale (LAS), a validated tool evaluating patient's experience of control over their labor and delivery.
Study Design This is a cross-sectional study of nulliparous patients admitted at term to a single center. Participants completed the LAS after delivery. A trained researcher performed detailed chart reviews for all participants. Participants were identified as having a current or historical diagnosis of depression/anxiety by self-report confirmed by chart review. Scores on the LAS were compared between those with versus without a diagnosis of depression/anxiety prior to admission for delivery.
Results A total of 73 (44.8%) of the 149 participants held a current and/or prior diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety. Baseline demographics were similar between those with and without depression/anxiety. Mean scores on the LAS (range: 91–201) were significantly lower for those with depression/anxiety than those without a prior diagnosis (150.0 vs. 160.5, p < 0.01). Even after controlling for mode of delivery, admission indication, anesthesia, and Foley balloon usage, participants with anxiety and depression had scores that were on average 10.4 points lower on the LAS (95% confidence interval: −19.25, −1.62).
Conclusion Participants with a current and/or prior diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety scored lower on the LAS as compared with those without psychiatric diagnoses. Patients with psychiatric diagnoses may benefit from increased education and support during childbirth.
Key Points
Technical Characteristics of the Ovation Alto for the Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Application to Challenging Anatomies
Authors: Georgakarakos Efstratios , Dimitriadis Konstantinos , Argyriou Christos , Efenti Gioultzan Memet , Doukas Damianos , Georgiadis George S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Ovation Alto design repositions the maximum diameter of the proximal sealing ring at 7 mm below the lowermost renal artery. Although it has been introduced to address abdominal aortic aneurysms with short necks ≥7 mm, we present further applications of Alto in other neck irregularities, presenting four representative challenging cases with a short, wide, and conical neck, as well a juxtarenal aneurysm. At 1-month follow-up, there was 100% technical and clinical success.
Characterization of Patients with Frequent Utilization of the Obstetric Triage Unit: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Nau Christopher , Benedict Jason , Cosgrove Casey , Shellhaas Cynthia , Hade Erinn , Ruberg Tara , Frey Heather A. 
Published: March 2023

Objective This study aimed to identify characteristics of patients with frequent obstetric triage visits (“superusers”) compared to those with fewer visits and to evaluate the association of frequent obstetric triage visits with preterm birth and cesarean delivery.
Study Design This retrospective cohort included patients presenting to the obstetric triage unit at a tertiary care center from March through April 2014. Superusers were defined as individuals having four or more triage visits. Participant characteristics, including demographic, clinical, visit acuity, and health care characteristics of superusers and nonsuperusers, were summarized and compared. In the subset of patients where data were available regarding prenatal care, prenatal visit patterns were analyzed and compared between the two groups. The outcomes of preterm birth and cesarean were compared between groups using modified Poisson regression to control for confounding.
Results Of the 656 patients evaluated in the obstetric triage unit during the study period, 648 patients met the inclusion criteria. Factors associated with frequent triage use included race/ethnicity, multiparity, insurance status, high-risk pregnancy, and a prior preterm birth. Superusers were more likely to present at an earlier gestational age and had a higher proportion of visits for hypertensive disease. Patient acuity scores were not different between the groups. In the subset of patients receiving prenatal care at the institution, prenatal visit patterns were similar. The risk of preterm birth (adjusted risk ratio [aRR]: 1.06; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.66–1.70) did not differ between groups; however, the risk of a cesarean delivery was increased in superusers (aRR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.01–1.92) when compared to nonsuperusers.
Conclusion Superusers, compared to nonsuperusers, have distinct clinical and demographic characteristics and are more likely to be seen in the triage unit at earlier gestational ages. Superusers tended to have a higher proportion of visits for hypertensive disease and had an increased risk of cesarean delivery.
Key Points
Aliphatic Acylhydrazides as Effective Alkylating Agents for the Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Cyclization of N-Arylacrylamides
Authors: Tian Shi-Kai , Xie Dong , Tian Ren-Gui , Liao Jia-Jia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn unprecedented use of readily accessible aliphatic acylhydrazides as alkylating agents has been demonstrated in the copper-catalyzed tandem alkylation/cyclization of N-arylacrylamides. A range of aliphatic acylhydrazides smoothly participated in the oxidative 5-exo-trig cyclization of N-arylacrylamides with CuCO3 as the catalyst and DTBP as the oxidant, delivering structurally diverse 3,3-dialkyloxindoles in moderate to good yields. This study paves the way for the synthetic applications of aliphatic acylhydrazides as alkyl radical precursors.
A Clinicopathological Analysis of Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer using Immunohistochemical Surrogates: A 6-Year Institutional Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Center in North India
Authors: Somal Puneet Kaur , Sancheti Sankalp , Sharma Aishwarya , Sali Akash Pramod , Chaudhary Debashish , Goel Alok , Dora Tapas Kumar , Brar Rahat , Gulia Ashish , Divatia Jigeeshu 
Published: March 2023

Objective Classification of breast cancer into different molecular subtypes has important prognostic and therapeutic implications. The immunohistochemistry surrogate classification has been advocated for this purpose. The primary objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of the different molecular subtypes of invasive breast carcinoma and study the clinicopathological parameters in a tertiary care cancer center in rural North India.
Materials and Methods All female patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and registered between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020, were included. Patients with bilateral cancer, missing information on HER2/ER/PR receptor status, absence of reflex FISH testing after an equivocal score on Her 2 IHC were excluded. The tumors were classified into different molecular subtypes based on IHC expression as follows-luminal A-like (ER- and PR-positive, Her2-negative, Ki67 < 20%), luminal B-like Her2-negative (ER-positive, Her2-negative and any one of the following Ki67% ≥ 20% or PR-negative/low, luminal B-like Her2-positive (ER- and HER2-positive, any Ki67, any PR), Her2-positive (ER- and PR-negative, Her2-positive) and TNBC (ER, PR, Her2-negative). Chi square test was used to compare the clinicopathological parameters between these subtypes.
Results A total of 1,625 cases were included. Luminal B-like subtype was the most common (41.72%). The proportion of each subtype was luminal A (15.69%), luminal B Her2-negative (23.93%), luminal B Her2-positive (17.78%), Her2-positive (15.26%), TNBC (27.32%). Majority of the tumors were Grade 3 (75.81%). Nodal metastases were present in 59%. On subanalysis of the luminal type tumors without Her2 expression (luminal A-like and luminal B-like (Her2-negative), luminal A-like tumors presented significantly with a lower grade (p < 0.001) and more frequent node-negative disease in comparison to luminal B-like (Her2-negative) tumors. In comparison to other subtypes, TNBC tumors were more frequently seen in the premenopausal age group (p < 0.001) and presented with node-negative disease (p < 0.001).
Conclusion This is one of the largest studies that enumerates the prevalence of various molecular subtypes of breast cancer in North India. Luminal B-like tumors were the most common followed by TNBC. TNBC tumors presented more commonly in premenopausal age group and with node negative disease in comparison to other subtypes.
Moving Beyond Movement: Diagnosing Functional Movement Disorder
Authors: Gilmour Gabriela S. , Lidstone Sarah C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFunctional movement disorder (FMD) is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome, encompassing abnormal movements and weakness, and is a common cause of potentially disabling neurological symptoms. It is vital to recognize that FMD is a syndrome, with nonmotor manifestations negatively affecting a patient's quality of life. This review highlights a diagnostic algorithm, where a history suggestive of FMD is combined with the presence of positive signs on examination and appropriate investigations to make the diagnosis. Positive signs indicate internal inconsistency such as variability and distractibility, and clinical findings that are incongruent with other known neurological disease. Importantly, the clinical assessment acts as the first opportunity to allow patients to understand FMD as the cause for their symptoms. Accurate and early diagnosis of FMD is necessary given that it is a treatable and potentially reversible cause of disability, with significant risk of iatrogenic harm associated with misdiagnosis.
Global Epidemiology of Movement Disorders: Rare or Underdiagnosed?
Authors: O'Shea Sarah A. , Shih Ludy C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this manuscript, we review the epidemiology of movement disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD), atypical parkinsonism, essential tremor, dystonia, functional movement disorders, tic disorders, chorea, and ataxias. We emphasize age-, sex-, and geography-based incidence and prevalence, as well as notable trends including the rising incidence and prevalence of PD. Given the growing global interest in refining clinical diagnostic skills in recognizing movement disorders, we highlight some key epidemiological findings that may be of interest to clinicians and health systems tasked with diagnosing and managing the health of patients with movement disorders.
Semi Active Control of sinusoidal shock waveform on drop test machine (DTM) using non-linear dynamic model of hybrid wave generator (HWG) consisting of rubber and electroMagnet
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad Zahid , Israr Asif , Abbas Tanveer 
Published: March 2023

Sinusoidal shock waveforms are the classical type of waveforms generated in Drop Test Machines (DTMs) using Rubber Wave Generators (RWGs). For different specifications of pulse, different RWGs are used, leading to the laborious work of replacing RWGs in DTMs. In this study, a novel technique is developed to predict a shock pulse of variable height and time using a Hybrid Wave Generator (HWG) that yields variable stiffness. This variable stiffness is a combination of the fixed stiffness of rubber and the variable stiffness of magnet. A mathematical nonlinear model has developed, consisting of a polynomial model of RWG and an integral approach of magnetic force. The designed HWG is capable enough to produce a strong magnetic force as a result of a high magnetic field generated in the solenoid. This magnetic force combines with rubber to give a variable stiffness effect. This way, a semi-active control of the stiffness and pulse shape is achieved. Two sets of HWGs are tested to study the control over the shock pulse. An average hybrid stiffness from 32 to 74 kN/m is observed by varying voltage from 0 to 1000 VDC, resulting in a change of height of pulse from 18 to 56 g (net change 38 g) and a change of shock pulse width from 17 to 12 ms (net change 5 ms). From experimental results, it is concluded that the developed technique gives satisfactory results for the control/prediction of variable shape shock pulse.
Femtosecond laser fabrication of large-core fiber Bragg gratings for high-power fiber oscillators
Authors: Li Hao , Yang Baolai , Wang Meng , Gao Chenhui , Wu Baiyi , Zeng Lingfa , Xi Xiaoming , Chen Zilun , Wang Xiaolin , Wang Zefeng , Chen Jinbao 
Published: March 2023

In this paper, a fs-laser phase mask inscription system based on a galvanometer scanning strategy is designed and set up for the fabrication of large-core fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). Based on this setup, a homogeneous cross-sectional refractive index modulation can be achieved in the core of a large-mode-area fiber, and a pair of FBGs are fabricated in fibers with a core diameter of 30 µm. To investigate the performance of the fabricated FBGs, a high power all-fiber oscillator is built using a pure backward pumping structure. The FBGs work well, and the maximum output power of 7920 W is achieved with an optical–optical conversion efficiency of 77.3%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest power of all-fiber oscillators based on fs-written FBGs. This work provides a flexible, stable, and economic scanning strategy for large-core FBG inscription and exhibits excellent performance for high power fiber lasers.
Disentangling the magneto-optic Kerr effect of manganite epitaxial heterostructures
Authors: Schöpf Jörg , van Loosdrecht Paul H. M. , Lindfors-Vrejoiu Ionela 
Published: March 2023

The magneto-optic Kerr effect can probe the process of magnetization reversal in ferromagnetic thin films and can, thus, be used as an alternative to magnetometry. The Kerr effect is wavelength-dependent and the Kerr rotation can reverse sign, vanishing at particular wavelengths. We investigate the epitaxial heterostructures of ferromagnetic manganite, La0.7Sr0.3Mn0.9Ru0.1O3, by using the polar Kerr effect and magnetometry. The manganite layers are separated by or interfaced with a layer of nickelate, NdNiO3. The Kerr rotation hysteresis loops of trilayers, with two manganite layers of different thicknesses separated by a nickelate layer, have intriguing humplike features when measured with light of 400 nm wavelength. By investigating additional reference samples, we disentangle the contributions of the individual layers to the loops: we show that the humps originate from the opposite sense of the Kerr rotation of the two different ferromagnetic layers, combined with the additive behavior of the Kerr signal. The change of sign of the Kerr rotation for the thinner manganite layer is most likely caused by optical interference.
Initial characterization of a dynamic hohlraum radiation source tailored for high-temperature opacity measurements at an 8-MA facility
Authors: Yi Qiang , Meng Shijian , Ye Fan , Lu Jian , Yan Xiaosong , Yang Ruihua , Jiang Shuqing , Ning Jiamin , Zhou Lin , Chen Faxin , Yang Jianlun , Xu Zeping , Li Zhenghong 
Published: March 2023

This paper reports some important properties of a dynamic hohlraum radiation source intended to study the high-temperature opacity of medium-Z atoms. The time-resolved axial radiation power in two x-ray diodes gives the time-evolution of an equivalent black-body temperature that peaks at ∼260 eV at stagnation. Time-gated framing pinhole images show that the source comprises an intense high-temperature core that lasts for ∼2 ns preceded by a 10-ns-long lower-temperature implosion phase that emits mostly softer x rays. Combining pinhole images with soft x-ray power gives a time-resolved brightness radiation temperature that reaches 130 eV. Thus, the lower-temperature source could ionize an opacity sample, then the intense high-temperature radiation pulse could measure its opacity. Likewise, the time-integrated spectrum measured with a spherically bent crystal spectrometer is compatible with multiple blackbodies with different temperatures, from 176 to 185 eV. These characterizations suggest that this dynamic hohlraum can be used for high-temperature opacity measurements.
Wheat
Ym2
originated from
Aegilops sharonensis
and confers resistance to soil-borne
Wheat yellow mosaic virus
infection to the roots
Authors: Mishina Kohei , Suzuki Takako , Oono Youko , Yamashita Yoko , Zhu Hongjing , Ogawa Taiichi , Ohta Masaru , Doman Kohei , Xu Wenjing , Takahashi Daichi , Miyazaki Taiga , Tagiri Akemi , Soma Chihiro , Horita Harukuni , Nasuda Shuhei , De Oliveira Romain , Paux Etienne , Chen Guoxiong , Pourkheirandish Mohammad , Wu Jianzhong , Liu Cheng , Komatsuda Takao 
Published: March 2023

Wheat yellow mosaic virus
(WYMV) is a pathogen transmitted into its host’s roots by the soil-borne vector
Polymyxa graminis
.
Ym1
and
Ym2
genes protect the host from the significant yield losses caused by the virus, but the mechanistic basis of these resistance genes remains poorly understood. Here, it has been shown that
Ym1
and
Ym2
act within the root either by hindering the initial movement of WYMV from the vector into the root and/or by suppressing viral multiplication. A mechanical inoculation experiment on the leaf revealed that the presence of
Ym1
reduced viral infection incidence, rather than viral titer, while that of
Ym2
was ineffective in the leaf. To understand the basis of the root specificity of the
Ym2
product, the gene was isolated from bread wheat using a positional cloning approach. The candidate gene encodes a CC-NBS-LRR protein and it correlated allelic variation with respect to its sequence with the host’s disease response.
Ym2
(B37500) and its paralog (B35800) are found in the near-relatives, respectively,
Aegilops sharonensi
s and
Aegilops speltoides
(a close relative of the donor of bread wheat’s B genome), while both sequences, in a concatenated state, are present in several accessions of the latter species
.
Structural diversity in
Ym2
has been generated via translocation and recombination between the two genes and enhanced by the formation of a chimeric gene resulting from an intralocus recombination event. The analysis has revealed how the
Ym2
region has evolved during the polyploidization events leading to the creation of cultivated wheat.
A quantum information processing machine for computing by observables
Authors: Remacle F. , Levine R. D. 
Published: March 2023

A quantum machine that accepts an input and processes it in parallel is described. The logic variables of the machine are not wavefunctions (qubits) but observables (i.e., operators) and its operation is described in the Heisenberg picture. The active core is a solid-state assembly of small nanosized colloidal quantum dots (QDs) or dimers of dots. The size dispersion of the QDs that causes fluctuations in their discrete electronic energies is a limiting factor. The input to the machine is provided by a train of very brief laser pulses, at least four in number. The coherent band width of each ultrashort pulse needs to span at least several and preferably all the single electron excited states of the dots. The spectrum of the QD assembly is measured as a function of the time delays between the input laser pulses. The dependence of the spectrum on the time delays can be Fourier transformed to a frequency spectrum. This spectrum of a finite range in time is made up of discrete pixels. These are the visible, raw, basic logic variables. The spectrum is analyzed to determine a possibly smaller number of principal components. A Lie-algebraic point of view is used to explore the use of the machine to emulate the dynamics of other quantum systems. An explicit example demonstrates the considerable quantum advantage of our scheme.
Facetus and the birth of “European” politeness
Authors: Unceta Gómez Luis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to contribute to the study of the first stages of the development of European politeness, through
the analysis of the metalanguage of politeness used in two Latin poems with the title Facetus (Facetus:
cum nihil utilius and Facetus: moribus et vita), both dating from the twelfth century. These two
texts established a fertile genre of behaviour manuals, developed during the Middle Ages both in Latin and in vernacular
languages, and illustrate an intermediary moment of transition from ancient conceptualisations of politeness (given that they
heavily draw on Roman ideas and literature) to early modern ones. The semantic analysis of the Latin politeness meta-terms used in
those poems, such as facetus, decorus, mos or decus, allows us to get a glimpse, through the
emic perspective offered by these meta-terms, of the moral order underlying the code of courtly behaviour.
Conducting research on and with your own students
Authors: Urdal Gro Hege Saltnes 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Researchers’ proximity to their field of interest can make it difficult to create what Bourdieu called “the strange point of view” needed to look beyond the field’s implicit beliefs when producing new knowledge. Based on a Bourdieusian approach to reflexive sociology, this article discusses proximity and distance when conducting research on and with one’s own students. To problematize proximity and distance in a research project, this article discusses a case in which a teacher/researcher conducted research on and with her own students in a bachelor’s degree program in sign language and interpreting as part of a project focusing on the students’ development of professional characteristics as interpreters for individuals with deafblindness. This article argues that student participation and input created an epistemological rupture and represented the strange point of view that became a counterweight to the researcher’s proximity to the field.