bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the truncation radius in GX 339−4 from XMM–Newton spectral timing
Authors: O’Mathúna B , Young A J , Chainakun P , Webbe R 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigate the changing geometry of the accretion disc in the X-ray binary GX 339−4 using a combination of spectral and timing models to fit six XMM–Newton observations taken during the end of the 2015 X-ray outburst. We use progressively more complex models of the X-ray reflection spectra, from simple disc lines to full relativistic reflection models. For the timing analysis, the Power Spectral Densities (PSDs) are generated from the light curves in the 0.3–0.7 and 0.7–1.5 keV energy bands. We fit PSD models that assume the standard accretion disc truncates at a specific radius, inside of which are two hot-flow zones, one spectrally soft and one spectrally hard, separated by a transition radius. Finally, we combine and jointly fit the full reflection spectral models and the truncated disc PSD models. Our final model is consistent with the spectroscopic and timing data. It suggests that the truncation radius of the disc increases towards the end of the outburst, which is self-consistent with the obtained reflection fraction that is smaller. During this, the source spectrum becomes harder and the soft excess becomes more prominent. The disc truncation radius that increases as the source flux decreases is intermediate between the results of previous studies. However, our analysis of the model performance leads us to believe that higher quality data and better models are required to fully understand the GX 339-4 system and reduce the effect of systematic uncertainties.
Tidal debris from Omega Centauri discovered with unsupervised machine learning
Authors: Youakim Kris , Lind Karin , Kushniruk Iryna 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The gravitational interactions between the Milky Way and in-falling satellites offer a wealth of information about the formation and evolution of our Galaxy. In this paper, we explore the high-dimensionality of the GALAH DR3 plus Gaia eDR3 data set to identify new tidally stripped candidate stars of the nearby star cluster Omega Centauri ($\omega \, \mathrm{Cen}$). We investigate both the chemical and dynamical parameter space simultaneously, and identify cluster candidates that are spatially separated from the main cluster body, in regions where contamination by halo field stars is high. Most notably, we find candidates for $\omega \, \mathrm{Cen}$ scattered in the halo extending to more than 50° away from the main body of the cluster. Using a grid of simulated streams generated with $\omega \, \mathrm{Cen}$-like orbital properties, we then compare the on sky distribution of these candidates to the models. The results suggest that if $\omega \, \mathrm{Cen}$ had a similar initial mass as its present day mass, then we can place a lower limit on its time of accretion at tacc &gt; 7 Gyr ago. Alternatively, if the initial stellar mass was significantly larger, as would be expected if $\omega \, \mathrm{Cen}$ is the remnant core of a dwarf Galaxy, then we can constrain the accretion time to tacc &gt; 4 Gyr ago. Taken together, these results are consistent with the scenario that $\omega \, \mathrm{Cen}$ is the remnant core of a disrupted dwarf galaxy.
Futibatinib, an Irreversible FGFR1-4 Inhibitor for the Treatment ofFGFR-Aberrant Tumors
Authors: Javle Milind , King Gentry , Spencer Kristen , Borad Mitesh J 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) are emerging as an important therapeutic target for patients with advanced, refractory cancers. Most selective FGFR inhibitors under investigation show reversible binding, and their activity is limited by acquired drug resistance. This review summarizes the preclinical and clinical development of futibatinib, an irreversible FGFR1-4 inhibitor. Futibatinib stands out among FGFR inhibitors because of its covalent binding mechanism and low susceptibility to acquired resistance. Preclinical data indicated robust activity of futibatinib against acquired resistance mutations in the FGFR kinase domain. In early-phase studies, futibatinib showed activity in cholangiocarcinoma, and gastric, urothelial, breast, central nervous system, and head and neck cancers harboring various FGFR aberrations. Exploratory analyses indicated clinical benefit with futibatinib after prior FGFR inhibitor use. In a pivotal phase II trial, futibatinib demonstrated durable objective responses (42% objective response rate) and tolerability in previously treated patients with advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma harboring FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements. A manageable safety profile was observed across studies, and patient quality of life was maintained with futibatinib treatment in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. Hyperphosphatemia, the most common adverse event with futibatinib, was well managed and did not lead to treatment discontinuation. These data show clinically meaningful benefit with futibatinib in FGFR2-rearrangement-positive cholangiocarcinoma and provide support for further investigation of futibatinib across other indications. Future directions for this agent include elucidating mechanisms of resistance and exploration of combination therapy approaches.
Association of FTH1-Expressing Circulating Tumor Cells With Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients With Breast Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jia Shijie , Yang Yaping , Zhu Yingying , Yang Wenqian , Ling Li , Wei Yanghui , Fang Xiaolin , Lin Qun , Hamaï Ahmed , Mehrpour Maryam , Gao Jingbo , Tan Weige , Xia Yuan , Chen Jiayi , Jiang Wenguo , Gong Chang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The association between different phenotypes and genotypes of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains uncertain. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of FTH1 gene-associated CTCs (F-CTC) with/without epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, or their dynamic changes with the efficacy of NAC in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer.

Patients and Methods
This study enrolled 120 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer who planned to undergo NAC. The FTH1 gene and EMT markers in CTCs were detected before NAC (T0), after 2 cycles of chemotherapy (T1), and before surgery (T2). The associations of these different types of CTCs with rates of pathological complete response (pCR) and breast-conserving surgery (BCS) were evaluated using the binary logistic regression analysis.

Results
F-CTC in peripheral blood ≥1 at T0 was an independent factor for pCR rate in patients with HER2-positive (odds ratio [OR]=0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.98, P = .048). The reduction in the number of F-CTC at T2 was an independent factor for BCS rate (OR = 4.54, 95% CI, 1.14-18.08, P = .03).

Conclusions
The number of F-CTC prior to NAC was related to poor response to NAC. Monitoring of F-CTC may help clinicians formulate personalized NAC regimens and implement BCS for patients with non-metastatic breast cancer.
Leaf hydraulic maze: Abscisic acid effects on bundle sheath, palisade, and spongy mesophyll conductance
Authors: Yaaran Adi , Erez Eyal , Procko Carl , Moshelion Menachem 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Leaf hydraulic conductance (Kleaf) facilitates the supply of water, enabling continual CO2 uptake while maintaining plant water status. We hypothesized that bundle sheath and mesophyll cells play key roles in regulating the radial flow of water out of the xylem by responding to abscisic acid (ABA). Thus, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants that are insensitive to ABA in their bundle sheath (BSabi) and mesophyll (MCabi) cells. We also introduced tissue-specific fluorescent markers to distinguish between cells of the palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, and bundle sheath. Both BSabi and MCabi plants showed greater Kleaf and transpiration under optimal conditions. MCabi plants had larger stomatal apertures, higher stomatal index, and greater vascular diameter and biomass relative to the wild-type (WT) and BSabi plants. In response to xylem-fed ABA, both transgenic and WT plants reduced their Kleaf and transpiration. The membrane osmotic water permeability (Pf) of the WT's spongy mesophyll was higher than that of the WT's palisade mesophyll. While the palisade mesophyll maintained a low Pf in response to high ABA, the spongy mesophyll Pf was reduced. Compared to the WT, BSabi bundle sheath cells had a higher Pf, but MCabi spongy mesophyll had an unexpected lower Pf. These results suggest that tissue-specific regulation of Pf by ABA may be confounded by whole-leaf hydraulics and transpiration. ABA increased the symplastic permeability, but its contribution to Kleaf was negligible. We suggest that the bundle sheath spongy mesophyll pathway dynamically responds to the fluctuations in water availability, while the palisade mesophyll serves as a hydraulic buffer.
Development of a measure of dietary quality for the UK Biobank
Authors: Montague Chloe , D’Angelo Stefania , Harvey Nicholas , Vogel Christina , Baird Janis 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Previous studies of the UK Biobank have examined intake of single food items and their association with health outcomes. Our aim was to develop a dietary quality score and examine the relationship between this score and markers of cardiometabolic health.

Methods
Principal component analysis was performed on dietary data from UK Biobank participants. Linear regression was used to analyse the relationship between diet and cardiometabolic health.

Results
The first component explained 14% of the variation in the dietary data. It was characterised by high consumption of meat and low fibre carbohydrates, and a low intake of fruit and vegetables. A higher score, indicative of healthier diet, was associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure (β −0.81, 95% CI −1.0, −0.62; β − .61, 95% CI −0.72, −0.5) and a healthier lipid profile (lower levels of cholesterol β −0.05, 95% CI −0.06, −0.04, triglycerides β −0.05, 95% CI −0.06, −0.03, and higher HDL cholesterol β 0.01, 95% CI 0, 0.01).

Conclusions
The dietary quality score was a good approximation of overall dietary quality. An unhealthy diet was associated with markers of poorer cardiometabolic health.
Long noncoding RNA AI662270 promotes kidney fibrosis through enhancing METTL3‐mediated m6A modification of CTGF mRNA
Authors: Sun Yanyan , Ge Jia , Shao Fang , Ren Zhengrong , Huang Zhen , Ding Zhi , Dong Lei , Chen Jiangning , Zhang Junfeng , Zang Yuhui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe sustained release of profibrotic cytokines, mainly transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), leads to the occurrence of kidney fibrosis and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) appears to be an alternative target to TGF‐β for antifibrotic therapy in CKD. In this study, we found that long noncoding RNA AI662270 was significantly increased in various renal fibrosis models. In vivo, ectopic expression of AI662270 alone was sufficient to activate interstitial fibroblasts and drive kidney fibrosis, whereas inhibition of AI662270 blocked the activation of interstitial fibroblasts and ameliorated kidney fibrosis in various murine models. Mechanistic studies revealed that overexpression of AI662270 significantly increased CTGF product, which was required for the role of AI662270 in driving kidney fibrosis. Furthermore, AI662270 binds to the CTGF promoter and directly interacts with METTL3, the methyltransferase of RNA N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification. Functionally, AI662270‐mediated recruitment of METTL3 increased the m6A methylation of CTGF mRNA and consequently enhanced CTGF mRNA stability. In conclusion, our results support that AI662270 promotes CTGF expression at the posttranscriptional stage by recruiting METTL3 to the CTGF promoter and depositing m6A modifications on the nascent mRNA, thereby, uncovering a novel regulatory mechanism of CTGF in the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis.
Implications of MCU complex in metabolic diseases
Authors: Li Chen , Sun Jiyu , Zhang Xidan , Zhou Min , Gan Xueqi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetabolic diseases are considered the primary culprit for physical and mental health of individuals. Although the diagnosis of these diseases is relatively easy, more effective and convenient potent drugs are still being explored. Ca2+ across the inner mitochondrial membrane is a vital intracellular messenger that regulates energy metabolism and cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and is involved in cell death. Mitochondria rely on a selective mitochondrial Ca2+ unidirectional transport complex (MCU complex) in their inner membrane for Ca2+ uptake. We found that the channel contains several subunits and undergoes dramatic transformations in various pathological processes, especially in metabolic diseases. In this way, we believe that the MCU complex becomes a target with significant potential for these diseases. However, there is no review linking the two factors, thus hindering the possibility of new drug production. Here, we highlight the connection between MCU complex‐related Ca2+ transport and the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases, adding understanding and insight at the molecular level to provide new insights for targeting MCU to reverse metabolism‐related diseases.
Gender Differences in Civil Commitment Hearing Experience for Persons Who Use Opioids
Authors: Hayaki Jumi , Cinq-Mars Haley , Christopher Paul P. , Anderson Bradley J. , Stewart Catherine , Stein Michael D. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
Civil commitment has increasingly served as a court-based legal intervention for severe opioid use, but little research has examined the civil commitment (CC) hearing process from the perspective of the person who is committed. Despite documented gender differences in opioid use and experiences within the legal system, past research has also not investigated gender differences in perceptions of the CC process for persons who use opioids.

Methods
Participants were 121 persons (43% female) with opioid use who were interviewed upon arrival at the CC facility about their experience of the CC hearing process in Massachusetts.

Results
Two thirds of participants were taken to the commitment hearing by police, and 59.5% shared a cell with others while waiting. Overall, the commitment intake process at the courthouse took over 5 hours. Participants spent, on average, less than 15 minutes with their lawyer before the hearing, and a majority of CC hearings lasted less than 15 minutes. Once transferred to a CC facility, opioid withdrawal management began within 4 hours. Compared with women, men reported longer wait times between the hearing and transfer, as well as longer wait times for withdrawal management at the facility (P < 0.05). Women perceived worse interactions with the judge and greater dissatisfaction with the commitment process compared with men (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
There were few gender differences in the experience of CC. However, overall, participants reported a lengthy court process and low levels of perceived procedural justice.
Disparities in Perinatal and Emergency Care Receipt Among Women With Perinatal Opioid Use Disorder in Medicaid, 2007 to 2012
Authors: Landis Rachel K. , Stein Bradley D. , Griffin Beth Ann , Saloner Brendan K. , Terplan Mishka , Faherty Laura J. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
This study aimed to better understand receipt of perinatal and emergency care among women with perinatal opioid use disorder (OUD) and explore variation by race/ethnicity.

Methods
We used 2007–2012 Medicaid Analytic eXtract (MAX) data from all 50 states and the District of Columbia to examine 6,823,471 deliveries for women 18 to 44 years old. Logistic regressions modeled the association between (1) OUD status and receipt of perinatal and emergency care, and (2) receipt of perinatal and emergency care and race/ethnicity, conditional on OUD diagnosis and controlling for patient and county characteristics. We used robust SEs, clustered at the individual level, and included state and year fixed effects.

Results
Women with perinatal OUD were less likely to receive adequate prenatal care (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44–0.46) and attend the postpartum visit (aOR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.45–0.47) and more likely to seek emergency care (aOR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.45–1.51) than women without perinatal OUD. Among women with perinatal OUD, Black, Hispanic, and American Indian and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) women were less likely to receive adequate prenatal care (aOR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.64–0.72]; aOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80–0.92]; aOR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.64–0.79]) and attend the postpartum visit (aOR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.80–0.91]; aOR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.80–0.93]; aOR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.73–0.94]) relative to non-Hispanic White women. Black and AI/AN women were also more likely to receive emergency care (aOR, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.05–1.20]; aOR, 1.12 [95% CI, 1.00–1.26]).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that women with perinatal OUD, in particular Black, Hispanic, and AI/AN women, may be missing opportunities for preventive care and comprehensive management of their physical and behavioral health during pregnancy.
A Novel Screening Method for Scoliosis Using A Bodysuit and 3-dimensional Imaging
Authors: Ito Yusuke , Doi Toru , Ohtomo Nozomu , Fujii Yuki , Ono Kengo , Kojima Eri , Yamada Takayasu , Tran Huy Hoang , Goffinet Francois , Endo Yui , Kato So , Matsubayashi Yoshitaka , Tanaka Sakae , Oshima Yasushi , Taniguchi Yuki 
Published: June 2023

Study Design.
A single-center prospective observational study.

Objective.
To clarify the usefulness of a novel scoliosis screening method using a 3-dimensional (3D) human fitting application and a specific bodysuit.

Summary of Background Data.
Several scoliosis screening methods, such as scoliometer and Moiré topography, are available for detecting scoliosis. In the present study, a novel screening method for scoliosis using a 3D human fitting application and a specific bodysuit was developed.

Methods.
Patients with scoliosis or suspected scoliosis, non-scoliosis patients, and healthy volunteers were enrolled. They were divided into Non-Scoliosis and Scoliosis groups. The Scoliosis group was further subdivided into Mild-, Moderate-, and Severe-Scoliosis. Patients’ characteristics and Z values, which were calculated by a 3D virtual human body model created by a 3D human fitting application and a specific bodysuit to evaluate trunk asymmetry caused by scoliosis, were compared between the Non-Scoliosis and Scoliosis groups or among the Non-, Mild-, Moderate- and Severe-Scoliosis groups. Finally, the optimal cutoff of the Z value was determined to detect moderate to severe scoliosis using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis.

Results.
A total of 101 patients were included. The Non-Scoliosis group consisted of 47 patients, and the Scoliosis group included 54 patients, with 11, 31, and 12 patients in the Mild-, Moderate-, and Severe-Scoliosis groups, respectively. The Scoliosis group showed a significantly higher Z value than the Non-Scoliosis group. The Moderate- or Severe-Scoliosis group had a significantly higher Z value than the Non- or Mild-Scoliosis group. The ROC curve analysis revealed that the optimal cutoff of the Z value was 19.9 mm (sensitivity, 95.3%; specificity, 58.6%).

Conclusion.
A novel scoliosis screening method consisting of a 3D human fitting application and a specific bodysuit may be useful for detecting moderate to severe scoliosis.
Risk Factors for Unexpected Conversion From Ambulatory to Inpatient Admission Among One-level or Two-level ACDF Patients
Authors: Tani Soji , Okano Ichiro , Dodo Yusuke , Camino-Willhuber Gaston , Caffard Thomas , Schönnagel Lukas , Chiapparelli Erika , Amoroso Krizia , Tripathi Vidushi , Arzani Artine , Oezel Lisa , Shue Jennifer , Zelenty William D. , Lebl Darren R. , Cammisa Frank P. , Girardi Federico P. , Hughes Alexander P. , Sokunbi Gbolabo , Sama Andrew A. 
Published: June 2023

Study Design/Setting.
A retrospective observational study.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with the conversion of patient status from ambulatory anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) to inpatient.

Summary of Background Data.
Surgeries are increasingly performed in an ambulatory setting in an era of rising healthcare costs and pressure to improve patient satisfaction. ACDF is a common ambulatory cervical spine surgery, however, there are certain patients who are unexpectedly converted from an outpatient procedure to inpatient admission and little is known about the risk factors for conversion.

Materials and Methods.
Patients who underwent one-level or two-level ACDF in an ambulatory setting at a single specialized orthopedic hospital between February 2016 to December 2021 were included. Baseline demographics, surgical information, complications, and conversion reasons were compared between patients with ambulatory surgery or observational stay (stay <48 h) and inpatient (stay >48 h).

Results.
In total, 662 patients underwent one-level or two-level ACDF (median age, 52 yr; 59.5% were male), 494 (74.6%) patients were discharged within 48 hours and 168 (25.4%) patients converted to inpatient. Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that females, low body mass index <25, American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (ASA) ≥3, long operation, high estimated blood loss, upper-level surgery, two-level fusion, late operation start time, and high postoperative pain score were considered independent risk factors for conversion to inpatient. Pain management was the most common reason for the conversion (80.0%). Ten patients (1.5%) needed reintubation or remained intubated for airway management.

Conclusions.
Several independent risk factors for prolonged hospital stay after ambulatory ACDF surgery were identified. Although some factors are unmodifiable, other factors, such as procedure duration, operation start time, and blood loss could be potential targets for intervention. Surgeons should be aware of the potential for life-threatening airway complications in ambulatory-scheduled ACDF.