bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
H2-H2O immiscibility in Earth’s upper mantle
Authors: Vlasov Kirill , Audétat Andreas , Keppler Hans 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImmiscibility between water and hydrogen-rich fluids may be responsible for the formation of super-reduced mineral assemblages and for the early oxidation of Earth´s upper mantle. In the current study, we present new data on the critical curve in the H2-H2O system to 1400 ℃ and 4 GPa. We utilized a synthetic fluid inclusion method to trap fluids at high P–T conditions within quartz and olivine crystals. Experiments were performed in a piston-cylinder type apparatus, employing a double-capsule technique. The inner capsule contained the crystal and fluids of interest, while the outer served as oxygen fugacity buffer, maintaining f(O2) at the iron-wüstite (Fe-FeO) equilibrium. Our results suggest that below ~ 2.5 GPa, the critical curve has a mostly linear slope of 200 ℃/GPa, while at more elevated pressure it becomes significantly steeper (400 ℃/GPa). This implies that in most of the modern, reduced upper mantle, water and hydrogen are immiscible, while localized heating events, such as rising plumes, may close the miscibility gap. The steep increase of the critical curve at high pressure observed in this study implies that even for very hot geotherms in the early Archean or the late Hadean, H2-H2O immiscibility likely occurred in the deeper parts of the upper mantle, thus making a plausible case for rapid H2 loss as a mechanism of early mantle oxidation. To constrain the geochemical fingerprint of this process, we performed a series of element partitioning experiments to unravel how the H2-H2O unmixing may affect element transfer. Noble gases such as Xe as well as methane are preferentially incorporated in the hydrogen-rich phase, with a XeH2O/XeH2 ratio of ~ 8. This partitioning pattern may, for example, explain the underabundance of Xe isotopes produced by fission of Pu in the mantle. These Xe isotopes may have been removed by a primordial H2-H2O unmixing event during the early stages of planetary evolution.
HumanBrainAtlas: an in vivo MRI dataset for detailed segmentations
Authors: Schira Mark M. , Isherwood Zoey J. , Kassem Mustafa S. , Barth Markus , Shaw Thomas B. , Roberts Michelle M. , Paxinos George 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe introduce HumanBrainAtlas, an initiative to construct a highly detailed, open-access atlas of the living human brain that combines high-resolution in vivo MR imaging and detailed segmentations previously possible only in histological preparations. Here, we present and evaluate the first step of this initiative: a comprehensive dataset of two healthy male volunteers reconstructed to a 0.25 mm isotropic resolution for T1w, T2w, and DWI contrasts. Multiple high-resolution acquisitions were collected for each contrast and each participant, followed by averaging using symmetric group-wise normalisation (Advanced Normalisation Tools). The resulting image quality permits structural parcellations rivalling histology-based atlases, while maintaining the advantages of in vivo MRI. For example, components of the thalamus, hypothalamus, and hippocampus are often impossible to identify using standard MRI protocols—can be identified within the present data. Our data are virtually distortion free, fully 3D, and compatible with the existing in vivo Neuroimaging analysis tools. The dataset is suitable for teaching and is publicly available via our website (hba.neura.edu.au), which also provides data processing scripts. Instead of focusing on coordinates in an averaged brain space, our approach focuses on providing an example segmentation at great detail in the high-quality individual brain. This serves as an illustration on what features contrasts and relations can be used to interpret MRI datasets, in research, clinical, and education settings.
Hypertrophic neuropathy: a possible cause of pain in children with Noonan syndrome and related disorders
Authors: Draaisma Fieke , Erasmus Corrie E. , Braakman Hilde M. H. , Burgers Melanie C. J. , Leenders Erika K. S. M. , Rinne Tuula , van Alfen Nens , Draaisma Jos M. T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study is aimed at describing the findings of high-resolution nerve ultrasound in children with Noonan syndrome (NS) and related disorders experiencing pain in their legs. This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the NS expert center of the Radboud University Medical Center in the Netherlands. Patients were eligible if they were younger than 18 years, clinically and genetically diagnosed with NS or a NS related disorder, and experienced pain in their legs. Anamneses and physical examination were performed in all children. In addition, high-resolution nerve ultrasound was used to assess nerve hypertrophy and, if needed, complemented spinal magnetic resonance imaging was performed. Over a period of 6 months, four children, three with NS and one child with NS with multiple lentigines, who experienced pain of their legs were eligible for inclusion. Muscle weakness was found in two of them. High-resolution nerve ultrasound showed (localized) hypertrophic neuropathy in all patients. One child underwent additional spinal magnetic resonance imaging, which showed profound thickening of the nerve roots and plexus. Conclusion: In the four children included with a NS and related disorders, pain was concomitant with nerve hypertrophy, which suggests an association between these two findings. The use of high-resolution nerve ultrasound and spinal magnetic resonance imaging might result in better understanding of the nature of this pain and the possible association to nerve hypertrophy in patients with NS and related disorders.

What is Known:• Children with Noonan syndrome and related disorders may report pain in their legs, which is often interpreted as growing pain.• Some adults with Noonan syndrome and related disorders have hypertrophic neuropathy as a possible cause of neuropathic pain.

What is New:• This is the first study using high-resolution nerve ultrasound in children with Noonan syndrome and related disorders experiencing pain in their legs.• Hypertrophic neuropathy was diagnosed as possible cause of pain in four children with Noonan syndrome and related disorders.
Popular attitudes to climate change in the Pacific: the case of Samoa
Authors: Barbara Julien , Mudaliar Christopher , Leach Michael , Amosa Patila , Tauaa Susana , Imo Taema 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding popular attitudes to climate change can be important in developing effective climate adaptation responses. However, in the Pacific region, which is at the forefront of impacts of a changing climate, little attention has been given to popular perceptions of climate change. This paper presents the findings of a climate change module in the first Pacific Attitudes Survey (PAS), conducted in Samoa from December 2020 to January 2021. Drawing on a nationally representative sample of Samoans of voting age (n = 1319), the PAS gauges the views of ordinary Samoans towards climate change, including perceptions of the urgency of climate change action, perceptions of the effects of climate change in Samoa, and of individual or institutional capacity to act on climate change. Findings reveal that while most respondents believe that climate change was an urgent problem that needs to be addressed, a significant minority thought it will “never be necessary” to address climate change. This study also found level of education to be a significant factor in climate beliefs. Respondents who had higher education levels were more likely to rate climate change as an urgent problem. Those identifying climate change as an urgent problem that needs to be addressed were significantly more likely to agree that climate change was affecting Samoa in general and their own personal lives. We also found a significant association between perceptions that climate change was an “urgent problem that needs to be addressed”, and willingness to permanently migrate for work.
Climate change awareness, perceived impacts, and adaptation from farmers’ experience and behavior: a triple-loop review
Authors: Ricart Sandra , Gandolfi Claudio , Castelletti Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIndividuals and communities socially construct risk, and societies with greater risk perception may be more apt to mobilize or adapt to emergent threats like climate change. Increasing climate change awareness is often considered necessary in the first stages of the adaptation process to manage its impacts and reduce overall vulnerability. Since agriculture is affected by climate change in several ways, farmers can provide first-hand observations of climate change impacts and adaptation options. This paper aims to identify the current research trends and set the future research agenda on climate change awareness, perceived impacts, and adaptive capacity from farmers’ experiences and behavior. We analyzed a portfolio of 435 articles collected from WoS and Scopus databases between 2010 and 2020 using bibliometrics. From the original portfolio, we select 108 articles for a more comprehensive and systematic review. Publication trends and content analysis have been employed to identify influential work, delineate the mental structure of farmers’ beliefs and concerns, and identify main research gaps. The comprehensive analysis reported (1) farmers’ socio-demographic characteristics influencing farmers’ perceptions; (2) awareness and changing climate evidence due to human activity; (3) the main perceived effects (rising temperatures, changing rainfall patterns, and extreme events); (4) the most relevant adaptation measures (crop changing and soil/water conservation techniques); and (5) factors and barriers limiting adaptation (lack of information, credit, and expertness). The review outlines the main gaps and their drivers to help future researchers, managers, and decision-makers to prioritize their actions according to farmers’ concerns and their adaptive capacity to reduce farming vulnerability.
Low-polarity untargeted metabolomic profiling as a tool to gain insight into seminal fluid
Authors: Olesti Eulalia , Boccard Julien , Rahban Rita , Girel Sergey , Moskaleva Natalia E. , Zufferey Fanny , Rossier Michel F. , Nef Serge , Rudaz Serge , González-Ruiz Víctor 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
A decrease in sperm cell count has been observed along the last several decades, especially in the most developed regions of the world. The use of metabolomics to study the composition of the seminal fluid is a promising approach to gain access to the molecular mechanisms underlying this fact.

Objectives
In the present work, we aimed at relating metabolomic profiles of young healthy men to their semen quality parameters obtained from conventional microscopic analysis.

Methods
An untargeted metabolomics approach focusing on low- to mid-polarity compounds was used to analyze a subset of seminal fluid samples from a cohort of over 2700 young healthy men.

Results
Our results show that a broad metabolic profiling comprising several families of compounds (including acyl-carnitines, steroids, and other lipids) can contribute to effectively distinguish samples provided by individuals exhibiting low or high absolute sperm counts.

Conclusion
A number of metabolites involved in sexual development and function, signaling, and energy metabolism were highlighted as being distinctive of samples coming from either group, proving untargeted metabolomics as a promising tool to better understand the pathophysiological processes responsible for male fertility impairment.
Normative Defeaters and the Alleged Impossibility of Mere Animal Knowledge for Reflective Subjects
Authors: Melis Giacomo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOne emerging issue in contemporary epistemology concerns the relation between animal knowledge, which can be had by agents unable to take a view on the epistemic status of their attitudes, and reflective knowledge, which is only available to agents capable of taking such a view. Philosophers who are open to animal knowledge often presume that while many of the beliefs of human adults are formed unreflectively and thus constitute mere animal knowledge, some of them—those which become subject of explicit scrutiny or are the result of a deliberative effort—may attain the status of reflective knowledge. According to Sanford Goldberg and Jonathan Matheson (2020), however, it is impossible for reflective subjects to have mere animal knowledge. If correct, their view would have a number of repercussions, perhaps most notably the vindication of a dualism about knowledge, which would frustrate attempts to provide a unified account of knowledge-attributions to human adults, very young children, and non-human animals. I discuss Goldberg and Matheson’s proposal, outline some of the ways in which it is insightful, and argue that it is ultimately unsuccessful because it neglects the inherent temporal dimension of knowledge acquisition. While the article is pitched as a reply to Goldberg and Matheson, its primary aim is to highlight significant connections between the debates on the relation between animal and reflective knowledge, propositional and doxastic justification, and the theory of epistemic defeat.
Joint Physical Custody and Mothers’ Well-Being. An Analysis of Life Satisfaction, Depressiveness, and Stress
Authors: Augustijn Lara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough research has shown that separation or divorce can have negative consequences for mothers, only a few empirical studies have explored the association between joint physical custody and mothers’ well-being. To close this research gap, this study investigated how child physical custody arrangements (joint physical custody vs. sole physical custody) are related to three dimensions of maternal well-being: life satisfaction, depressiveness, and stress. With data from the Family Models in Germany (FAMOD) survey, OLS regression models were estimated for 996 residential mothers living in post-separation families. The results of the statistical analysis showed that mothers with joint physical custody reported statistically significantly higher levels of life satisfaction as well as lower levels of depressiveness and stress than mothers with sole physical custody. However, when controlling for the mothers’ socio-demographic characteristics and family relationships, the differences between mothers in joint and sole physical custody families disappeared, indicating that mothers’ post-separation well-being cannot be explained by the physical custody arrangement these mothers practiced. Instead, factors like the mother’s partnership status, the mother-child relationship, and the interparental relationship were more strongly related to maternal well-being. When testing interaction effects between the physical custody arrangement and the individual control variables, only one interaction was significant in predicting mothers’ levels of life satisfaction and stress: the interaction between the physical custody arrangement and the age of the child living in this arrangement. This finding suggests that having joint physical custody is only beneficial for mothers with older (i.e., school-aged) children.
Is the intimal thickness a key contributor to thoracic aortopathy?
Authors: Grewal Nimrat , Poelmann Robert 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
An aortic dissection is the most devastating complication of thoracic aortic disease. Several non- and syndromic conditions such as a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and Marfan syndrome (MFS) have a severely increased risk to develop a thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. To date, the medial layer has been extensively studied in search of the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to aortic complications.

Objective
We aim to determine whether intimal layer pathology is characteristic in all thoracic aortopathy regardless of the underlying etiology.

Method
A total of 176 aortic wall specimen were studied for the intimal layer architecture including the intimal thickness, endothelial cell morphology, and atherosclerosis. Specimens were derived from four patient groups: BAV (n = 70, age 57 ± 8.9 years), isolated tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) (n = 38, age 64.9 ± 11.0 years), MFS with a TAV (n = 8, age 34.2 ± 11.0 years), type A dissections with a TAV (n = 60, age 62.7 ± 10 years).

Results
The intimal layer is significantly thinner in BAV, MFS, and type A aortic dissection as compared to the isolated TAV patients (p < 0.001). Intimal atherosclerosis was also significantly less present in the three groups as compared to the isolated TAV (p < 0.05).

Discussion
A thin intimal layer is a common finding in the thoracic aortopathy patients. Studies aiming at preventing future aortic complications should focus on the intimal pathology as a common effector pathway in thoracic aortopathy.
ABHD17C, a metabolic and immune-related gene signature, predicts prognosis and anti-PD1 therapy response in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Zhang Weihao , Xie Yongjie , Yu Xin , Liu Changfu , Gao Wei , Xing Wenge , Si Tongguo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
PDAC is a highly malignant and immune-suppressive tumor, posing great challenges to therapy.

Methods
In this study, we utilized multi-center RNA sequencing and non-negative matrix factorization clustering (NMF) to identify a group of metabolism-related genes that could effectively predict the immune status and survival (both disease-free survival and overall survival) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. Subsequently, through the integration of single cell sequencing and our center's prospective and retrospective cohort studies, we identified ABHD17C, which possesses metabolic and immune-related characteristics, as a potential biomarker for predicting the prognosis and response to anti-PD1 therapy in PDAC. We then demonstrated how ABHD17C participates in the regulation of the immune microenvironment through in vitro glycolytic function experiments and in vivo animal experiments.

Results
Through screening for pancreatic cancer metabolic markers and immune status, we identified a critical molecule that inhibits pancreatic cancer survival and prognosis. Further flow cytometry analysis confirmed that ABHD17C is involved in the inhibition of the formation of the immune environment in PDAC. Our research found that ABHD17C participates in the metabolic process of tumor cells in in vitro and in vivo experiments, reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment by downregulating the pH value. Furthermore, through LDHA inhibition experiments, we demonstrated that ABHD17C significantly enhances glycolysis and inhibits the formation of the immune suppressive environment. In in vivo experiments, we also validated that ABHD17C overexpression significantly mediates resistance to anti-PD1 therapy and promotes the progression of pancreatic cancer.

Conclusion
Therefore, ABHD17C may be a novel and effective biomarker for predicting the metabolic status and immune condition of PDAC patients, and provide a potential predictive strategy for anti-PD1 therapy in PDAC.
Application of artificial neural network models and random forest algorithm for estimation of fracture intensity from petrophysical data
Authors: Zaiery Marzieh , Kadkhodaie Ali , Arian Mehran , Maleki Zahra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNatural fractures play an essential role in the characterization and modeling of hydrocarbon reservoirs. Modeling fractured reservoirs requires an understanding of fracture characteristics. Fractured zones can be detected by using seismic data, petrophysical logs, well tests, drilling mud loss history and core description. In this study, the feed-forward neural networks (FFNN), cascade feed forward neural networks (CFFN) and random forests (RF) were used to determine fracture density from petrophysical logs. The model performance was assessed using statistical measures including the root mean squared error (RMSE), coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), Kling Gupta efficiency (KGE) and Willmott’s index (WI). Conventional good logs and full-bore micro-resistivity imaging data were available from three drilled wells of the Mozduran reservoir, Khangiran gas field. According to the findings of this research, the FFNN model showed a higher KGE and WI, and a higher correlation coefficient (R2) compared to the CFNN model. The CFNN model outperformed the FFNN model with lower neurons. The models' performance was also improved by increasing the number of neurons in the hidden layers from 8 to 35. The findings of this study demonstrate that the measured and FFNN calculated fracture intensity is in excellent agreement with image log results showing a correlation coefficient of 92%. The RF algorithm showed higher stability and robustness in predicting fracture intensity with a correlation coefficient of 93%. The results of this study can successfully be used as an aid in a more successful reservoir dynamic modeling and production data analysis.
Simulating dense, rate-independent suspension rheology using LAMMPS
Authors: Ness Christopher 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDense suspensions are widespread in nature, manufacturing and process engineering. Particle-based simulations have proven to be an invaluable complement to experimental rheological characterisation, serving as a virtual rheometer that enables rapid exploration of parameter space and detailed scrutiny of microscopic dynamics. To maximise the utility of such simulations, it can be advantageous to exploit pre-existing, well-optimised, well-documented codes. Here we provide a simple description of how to use LAMMPS to study the rheology of dense, granular suspensions.
Auto-weighted multiple kernel tensor clustering
Authors: Wang Yanlong , Liu Jinhua , Chang Cun , Ren Zhenwen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultiple kernel subspace clustering (MKSC) has attracted intensive attention since its powerful capability of exploring consensus information by generating a high-quality affinity graph from multiple base kernels. However, the existing MKSC methods still exist the following limitations: (1) they essentially neglect the high-order correlations hidden in different base kernels; and (2) they perform candidate affinity graph learning and consensus affinity graph learning in two separate steps, where suboptimal solution may be obtained. To alleviate these problems, a novel MKSC method, namely auto-weighted multiple kernel tensor clustering (AMKTC), is proposed. Specifically, AMKTC first integrates the consensus affinity graph learning and candidate affinity graph learning into a unified framework, where the optimal goal can be achieved by making these two learning processes negotiate with each other. Further, an auto-weighted fusion scheme with one-step manner is proposed to learn the final consensus affinity graph, where the reasonable weights will be automatically learned for each candidate graph. Finally, the essential high-order correlations between multiple base kernels can be captured by leveraging tensor-singular value decomposition (t-SVD)-based tensor nuclear norm constraint on a 3-order graph tensor. Experiments on seven benchmark datasets with eleven comparison methods demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art clustering performance.