bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of blue lupin seed or pea seed as a substitute for GM soybean meal in diets of fattening pigs on intestinal health
Authors: Sońta Marcin , Jaworski Sławomir , Więcek Justyna , Batorska Martyna , Rekiel Anna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the composition of the fecal microflora of pigs fed with feed mixtures containing pulses and meals. Two experiments were performed with growing pigs. In their feed mixtures, GM soybean meal was replaced with either peas or blue lupine, and the modified mixtures were further fortified with rapeseed meal. Three-breed piglets were used in the study: ♀ (landrace × yorkshire) × ♂ duroc, (100 pigs in total, sex ratio: barrows : gilts - 1:1). Each experiment was performed with 50 animals divided into 5 groups, each of 10 pigs (control group - C and experimental groups - E1, E2, E3, E4). Population numbers of bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillus families, as well as from the genera Clostridium spp., Shigella spp., and Salmonella spp. were determined with the deep inoculation method (Clostridium) and the surface inoculation method (the other microorganisms tested) in serially-diluted samples of feces collected from the rectum of slaughtered fatteners. The number of bacteria was presented per feces dry matter, and the final result was expressed as colony forming units (cfu) per 1 g of feces. Analyses conducted in the experiment demonstrated an increased count of Lactobacillus spp. bacteria, a decreased count of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, a stable population number of Clostridium spp. bacteria, and no Salmonella in the fatteners, administered feed mixtures with legume seeds, compared to the control animals. Shigella bacilli were confirmed in fecal samples taken from three experimental groups in Experiment II, while they were absent in the feces of animals from Experiment I. In both experiments, the correct ratio of villi and crypts was found, ensuring adequate intestinal absorption surface. The study results suggest that pulses, including legume grains like blue lupine, can positively affect the enteric microflora, promote the proliferation of bacteria beneficial for the host and promote the proper development of villi and crypts.
Influence of sodium butyrate administered in ovo on gene expression in the brain of broiler chickens
Authors: Bełdowska Aleksandra , Dunisławska Aleksandra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional interaction and information transfer system between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. It is also known that bioactive substances affect the colonization of the gut by bacterial microorganisms. The following research assessed the effect of sodium butyrate (SB) on the expression of genes related to innate immune response and small heat shock proteins in the brains of broiler chickens. For this purpose 1000 eggs were incubated and divided into 4 groups. Three were injected with either 0.1, 0.3, or 0.5% doses of SB and the last one only with saline. Samples were collected post-mortem on day 42 of rearing. RNA isolated from the brain was tested for gene expression using a panel of the following: HSPB1, HSPB5, HSPB8, HSPB9, HSP70, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFNγ, IFNβ, TLR4, GR, BDNF, GSK3β, NR2A, CRH, NF-κB p65. SB stimulation induced significant changes in gene expression levels, especially in the 0.3% SB group, where down-regulation of most genes is evident. It can be assumed that changes in the level of gene expression are determined by the concentration of SB in the injection dose.
Reassessment of Structural Changes in Financial Markets: The Direct Impact of Central Banks
Authors: Miró Damià Rey , Piffaut Pedro V. , Zurdo Ricardo Palomo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The evidence of financial globalization and the rapid and uniform contagion that it entails among the different international financial markets, have been exposed after the 2008 crisis outbreak, as well as the different chapters of financial stress that have been experienced since then, such as the sovereign debt crisis, the Brexit event, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the war in Ukraine. Despite these specific episodes, volatility in the post-subprime crisis period has been low in historical terms due, among many other factors, to the monetary policies of central banks which, with their increases in the money supply and low interest rates, have led to a change of substance and form in the financial markets, not only at a national level but also at a supranational level. However, after the COVID-19 pandemic and the outbreak of the war in Ukraine, inflation appeared abruptly putting central banks in an uncomfortable situation, which have been forced to raise interest rates quickly and forcefully. In this paper, an estimation and quantification of the pre-pandemic and post-pandemic volatility thresholds is carried out for each of the main stock market indices to estimate the changes in these borders that affect and determine different degrees of financial contagion. Additionally, this study may determine the potential causal relationship between the change in the balance sheets of the main central banks and market volatility. If such relationships exist, it could un-doubtedly mark a before and after in the implementation of monetary policies by these banking entities.
Econometric Analysis of the Currency Crisis as a Consequence of Inflation Targeting
Authors: Krušković Borivoje D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper analyzes the unanalized topic in macroeconomic (monetary) politics, which is the emergence of the currency crisis as a consequence of targeting inflation. Many central banks adopted inflation targeting under a pressure from the IMF. Sudden depreciation of exchange rate which results from a fall of foreign exchange reserves to a critically low level (below an optimal level) leads to currency crisis due speculative attack. The most widely used model in the decision of creating process of monetary policy in inflation targeting regime is the macroeconomic model of a small open economy from the group New Keynesian model.
Central Bank Digital Currencies: Financial Stability Perspective
Authors: Kosanović Nikola 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Digitalization of the global economy, catalysed by advancements in blockchain technology and the rise of cryptocurrencies, has led to a paradigm shift in the monetary landscape. Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) have emerged as a transformative force with the potential to revolutionize financial systems and enhance stability. CBDCs represent a pivotal development in the evolution of monetary systems, holding the potential to enhance financial stability across various dimensions. The transformational impact of CBDCs on the banking landscape, whether through direct customer distribution or intermediation via commercial banks, underscores the need for thoughtful design and consideration of their distribution method. Careful planning can mitigate risks associated with deposit outflows, ensuring financial stability. This paper examines the multifaceted impact of CBDCs on financial stability, focusing on key dimensions such as their role in reshaping the banking sector, mitigating bank runs, influencing monetary policy, and addressing trust and privacy concerns. We discuss the importance of striking a balance between privacy and transparency. Through a comprehensive exploration of these dimensions, we assess how CBDCs can contribute positively to financial stability and provide a roadmap for their effective implementation.
The Impact of Various Factors on the Effectiveness of Internal Audit in the Public Sector: The Case of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Veledar Benina , Gadžo Amra , Bajrić Nejra 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The paper focuses on analyzing key factors influencing the effectiveness of internal audit in the public sector of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). Through multiple regression analysis (Ordinary Least Squares-OLS), the impact of five independent variables (competence of internal auditors, size of internal audit department, relationship between internal and external auditors, management support for internal audit, and independence of internal auditors), two control variables (organization’s sector and total number of employees in the organization), on the dependent variable (effectiveness of internal audit) was measured.
Research results indicate that a significant portion (.2 = 45.00%, Adj .2 = 40.90%) of the variability in the effectiveness of internal audit can be explained by the variability of the five independent variables in the model. The largest positive impact on the effectiveness of internal audit is attributed to the size of the internal audit department and the independence of internal auditors. Conversely, management support for internal audit had the least impact, which contradicts our predictions and the results of previous research. The limited impact of management support on the effectiveness of internal audit in the public sector of BiH may stem from a lack of understanding regarding the role and importance of internal audit, as well as from perceiving it as merely a formal legal requirement without substantial value.
Catalysts of Sustainability: The Transformative Role of Small and Medium Enterprises in ESG Practices of EU Candidate Countries
Authors: Kurtanović Merisa , Kadušić Esad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) criteria have emerged as pivotal benchmarks for assessing corporate sustainability and ethical business practices. This study investigates the transformative role of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in advancing ESG practices, with a particular emphasis on countries aspiring to European Union membership. Employing a quantitative methodology through a survey questionnaire the research analyzes the challenges and opportunities associated with ESG implementation. Data collected from 51 SMEs across the Balkan region reveal substantial benefits of ESG integration, notably in enhancing operational efficiency and market reputation, with transparency and strategic planning identified as critical drivers. However, SMEs face significant obstacles such as complex regulatory frameworks, limited access to financing, and inadequate training resources.
The article proposes targeted strategies to strengthen SME capacity, emphasizing investment in education, technological solutions, and partnerships with key stakeholders. By adopting ESG standards, SMEs not only contribute to sustainable development but also bolster their competitiveness and resilience in a rapidly evolving global market.
Impact of Marketing Research on Business Performance: A Case Study of Firms in Eket Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State
Authors: Udom Aniediabasi James 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examined the implications of marketing research on the management of business performance. Marketing research is one of the major bases for the formulation of marketing strategy, which aids in better decision making by providing additional information that is relative to a particular marketing problem. Business organizations must therefore be based on fact and not intuition, to put in appropriate strategies to avert such marketing problems. Five marketing firms in Eket metropolis, Akwa Ibom State were chosen for this study, comprising 20 respondents from each of the firms totaling 100 respondents. The major research instruments were questionnaires, relevant textbooks, and journals. The data collected were analyzed using simple percentages and chi-square (x2) statistics to test the hypotheses. The results indicated, among others, that effective marketing research has a significant relationship with the performance and success of the firms under study.
To this end, the study recommended among others: frequent conduct of articulate and well-organized marketing research, employment of professional marketing researchers, or training up staff purely on marketing research from time to time and motivating them so as to bridge the gap between the producer and the consumer.
Morbidity statistics among the military of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (2003–2021)
Authors: Evdokimov V. I. , Sivashenko P. P. , Kuprijanov S. A. , Pluzhnik M. S. 
Published: January 2025

The objective is to analyze morbidity dynamics among the military of the Russian Armed Forces within a 19 years’ timespan from 2003 to 2021 (at peacetime).Methods. We studied the morbidity rates of among the military based on the database of medical reports (3/MED form) and open-access publications. Medical and statistical indicators for the main chapters of diseases were correlated with the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10). Morbidity was calculated in ppm (%) and mortality – per 100,000 people (10–5). The paper reports long-term averages calculated based on absolute data, arithmetic mean values and standard errors (M ± m). The dynamics was assessed by analyzing the dynamic time series and the 2nd order polynomial trend Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to calculate the congruence between trends.Results and discussion. From 2003 through 2021, the average long-term general morbidity (turnover) among all the military of the Armed Forces of Russia amounted to 1270.9%; primary morbidity – 687.7%; screening demand – 113.2%, hospital admissions – 513%; days off work – 6727%; dismissals – 11.8%; mortality – 80.4 ± 10–5. Trends in general morbidity, demand for screening, and mortality rates show a decreasing pattern; primary morbidity, hospital admissions, and days off work show inverted U-curves with the highest values from 2009 through 2013. The epidemiological assessment demonstrated that the 71.4% morbidity among the military of the Armed Forces of Russia included diseases of the respiratory system (Chapter X) – 24.2%; injury, poisoning and certain other consequences of external causes (Chapter XIX) – 20,3%; diseases of the circulatory system (Chapter IX) – 11.4%; diseases of the digestive system (Chapter XI) – 7.8%; mental and behavioural disorders (Chapter V) – 7.7%, respectively.Conclusion. Prompt diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and prevention of the above groups of diseases can significantly improve the health among the military of the Russian Armed Forces.
Review Sistem Drainase Parak Jambu Dadok Tunggul Hitam Padang Menggunakan Model EPA-SWMM
Authors: Mera Mas , Februarman Februarman , Aryadwitama Priadi Fandi 
Published: January 2025

Flood disasters have been a never-ending problem for humans all over the world from the past to the present. This disaster can be caused by natural events or as a result of human activities and even by both simultaneously. One of the areas that often experiences flooding is the Parak Jambu Area, Dadok Tunggul Hitam Village in Padang City. This research objective is to overcome flooding that occurs in the area by means of numerical simulation using the EPA SWMM v.5.2 model. The existing conditions consist of 6 subcatchments in the Parak Jambu Area plus 28 supporting subcatchments located outside the area. All of them consist of 281 conduits (canals). The results of the simulation of existing conditions show that 32 canals are flooded and 6 canals do not carry any water at all. In dealing with the flooding that occurred, two approaches are taken, namely modifying the dimensions of the existing channels and adding new channels to the edge of the existing catchment. The simulation results of modified conditions show that there are no more canals that experience flooding in the Parak Jambu Area, and canals that previously did not carry water, now carry water.
Совершенствование приемов разработки техники для семеноводства гибридов сахарной свеклы
Authors: Бартенев И.И. , Гаврин Д.С. , Лысыч М.Н. , Нагайцев В.М. , Воскобойник М.Ю. 
Published: January 2025

Решение стратегической задачи по обеспечению страны свекловичным сахаром зависит не только от развития отечественной селекции сахарной свеклы, но и от внедрения в производство современных интенсивных приемов семеноводства с использованием специализированной техники. Проведенный в семеноводстве сахарной свеклы анализ показал отсутствие обеспечения агротехнических приемов выращивания семян отечественными средствами механизации. В рамках нашего проекта представлена программа разработки комплекса машин и оборудования, способного решить проблемы механизации процессов выращивания семян сахарной свеклы в условиях импортозамещения. Приводятся данные о методах проектирования средств механизации с использованием 3D-САПР на примере полуавтоматической высадкопосадочной машины. Результаты ее полевых испытаний подтвердили работоспособность конструкции и приемлемые качественные показатели процесса посадки.
The solution of strategic task of providing the country with beet sugar depends not only on the development of domestic sugar beet breeding, but also on the introduction of modern intensive seed production techniques using specialized equipment. The analysis carried out in seed production of sugar beet showed the lack of provision of agrotechnical methods of growing seeds with domestic means of mechanization. As part of our project, we present a program for the development of a set of machines and equipment capable to solve problems of mechanization of growing sugar beet seeds in the conditions of import substitution. Data on the methods of designing mechanization tools using 3D CAD are presented on the example of a semi-automatic landing machine. The results of its field tests are presented, confirming the performance of the structure and acceptable quality indicators of the planting process.
EVALUASI KEAMANAN SISTEM INFORMASI PADA PUSAT KEGIATAN BELAJAR MASYARAKAT ADI JAYA MENGGUNAKAN INDEKS KAMI 4.2
Authors: Felika Vika , Damayanti Damayanti 
Published: January 2025

Evaluasi keamanan sistem informasi menjadi krusial bagi organisasi dan perusahaan guna mendeteksi dini potensi kebocoran informasi dan gangguan pada sistem. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat Adi Jaya dengan tujuan menilai tingkat kesiapan keamanan informasi berdasarkan standar ISO/IEC 27001:2013 menggunakan alat bantu Indeks KAMI Versi 4.2. Metode pengumpulan data melibatkan observasi langsung pada objek penelitian dan wawancara dengan tim IT yang bertanggung jawab terhadap sistem informasi. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa PKBM Adi Jaya mendapatkan nilai 20 point pada level kebutuhan perangkat elektronik dan telah berhasil memenuhi kerangka kerja dasar dalam menjaga keamanan informasi, meskipun masih berada dalam rentang Level I hingga Level II. Total skor akhir mencapai 201, menandakan efektivitas upaya dalam mengelola dan melindungi aset informasi. Namun, untuk mencapai kualifikasi sesuai dengan standar ISO/IEC 27001:2013, diperlukan langkah-langkah penting yang dapat dilakukan antara lain menyusun roadmap keamanan informasi secara jelas, memperbarui daftar aset dan manajemen risiko secara berkala, menyusun dan melengkapi SOP untuk setiap proses pengelolaan, serta memprioritaskan perbaikan pada keamanan sistem informasi yang sudah ada.
Teaching and Assessing at scale: the use of objective rubrics and structured feedback
Authors: Grey Simon J , Gordon Neil Andrew 
Published: January 2025

It is widely recognised that feedback is an important part of learning: effective feedback should result in a meaningful change in student behaviour (Morris et al, 2021). However, individual feedback takes time to produce, and for large cohorts – typified by the North of 300 challenge in computing (CPHC, 2019) - it can be difficult to do so in a timely manner. On occasion it seems that many academics lose sight of the purpose of feedback, and instead view it to justify a mark, rather than an opportunity to provide meaningful tuition. One strategy to provide feedback at scale is to share the workload across multiple staff, but this introduces an additional problem in ensuring that the feedback and marking are equitable and consistent. In this paper we present a case study from teaching programming that attempts to address two distinct, but related issues.The first issue is to make feedback more meaningful. We attempt to achieve this by providing detailed feedback on a draft submission of programming coursework allowing students time to make changes to their work prior to the final submission date. We present an analysis of the data generated from this approach, and its potential impact on student behaviour.The second issue is that of scalability. This feedforward approach creates a significant pressure on marking and on the necessity to provide feedback on a draft submission to large numbers of students in good time so that students are able to act upon it. To achieve this we consider an approach based on creating an objective, reusable marking rubric so that the work can be reasonably spread across multiple members of staff. We present an analysis of the data generated from this approach to determine whether we consider the rubric to be objective enough to remove individual interpretations and biases, and where discrepancies exist attempt to determine where those discrepancies arise.This work was carried out through an analysis of impact on student assessment, as well as from the academic staff involved in using the rubrics. Preliminary results from this work show that the more objective rubric used by several did enable a scalable solution for rapid feedback on submissions, and this did indicate some improvement in student outcomes. However, the work also illustrated the problems of subjective interpretations and some variation in outcomes by marker
PENGARUH KEAKTIFAN MAHASISWA BERORGANISASI DAN MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: Nuryati Sri , Suryani Dessy Rizki , Dadi Oswaldus 
Published: January 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui signifikansi pengaruh keaktifan mahasiswa berorganisasi dan motivasi berprestasi terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Musamus. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kombinasi kuantitatif-kualitatif (Mixed Methods) dengan desain sequential explanatory. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan Matematika yang berjumlah 128 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik purposive sampling dan diperoleh 97 mahasiswa sebagai sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket dan wawancara, kemudian data dari hasil angket dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi dan diperkuat kembali dengan analisis kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh antara keaktifan mahasiswa berorganisasi dan motivasi berprestasi terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika Universitas Musamus, baik dari masing-masing variabel maupun secara simultan (bersamaan). Tingkat pengaruh variabel keaktifan mahasiswa berorganisasi terhadap prestasi belajar mahasiswa adalah 7,5%, tingkat pengaruh variabel motivasi berprestasi terhadap prestasi belajar sebesar 6,5%, sedangkan secara simultan tingkat pengaruh kedua variabel terhadap prestasi diketahui sebesar 14,7%.