bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strain‐Driven Bidirectional Spin Orientation Control in Epitaxial High Entropy Oxide Films
Authors: Zhao Zhibo , Jaiswal Arun Kumar , Wang Di , Wollersen Vanessa , Xiao Zhengyu , Pradhan Gajanan , Celegato Federica , Tiberto Paola , Szymczak Maria , Dabrowa Juliusz , Waqar Moaz , Fuchs Dirk , Pan Xiaoqing , Hahn Horst , Kruk Robert , Sarkar Abhishek 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHigh entropy oxides (HEOs), based on the incorporation of multiple‐principal cations into the crystal lattice, offer the possibility to explore previously inaccessible oxide compositions and unconventional properties. Here it is demonstrated that despite the chemical complexity of HEOs external stimuli, such as epitaxial strain, can selectively stabilize certain magneto‐electronic states. Epitaxial (Co0.2Cr0.2Fe0.2Mn0.2Ni0.2)3O4‐HEO thin films are grown in three different strain states: tensile, compressive, and relaxed. A unique coexistence of rocksalt and spinel‐HEO phases, which are fully coherent with no detectable chemical segregation, is revealed by transmission electron microscopy. This dual‐phase coexistence appears as a universal phenomenon in (Co0.2Cr0.2Fe0.2Mn0.2Ni0.2)3O4 epitaxial films. Prominent changes in the magnetic anisotropy and domain structure highlight the strain‐induced bidirectional control of magnetic properties in HEOs. When the films are relaxed, their magnetization behavior is isotropic, similar to that of bulk materials. However, under tensile strain, the hardness of the out‐of‐plane (OOP) axis increases significantly. On the other hand, compressive straining results in an easy OOP magnetization and a maze‐like magnetic domain structure, indicating the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. Generally, this study emphasizes the adaptability of the high entropy design strategy, which, when combined with coherent strain engineering, opens additional prospects for fine‐tuning properties in oxides.
Realization of Visible‐Light Detection in InGaZnO Thin‐Film Transistor via Oxygen Vacancy Modulation through N2 Treatments
Authors: Xu Xindi , Zhang Meng , Yang Yuyang , Lu Lei , Lin Feng , Wong Man , Kwok Hoi‐Sing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInGaZnO (IGZO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs) have gained widespread use in active matrix (AM) displays due to their decent field‐effect mobility and low off current. However, the wide bandgap of IGZO limits their application in visible light detection. This study presents an industry process‐compatible method to achieve visible light detection in IGZO TFTs through N2 treatment during the sputtering and annealing process for the first time. A comparison with control IGZO TFTs shows that the N2‐treated IGZO TFTs exhibit a high responsivity of 0.66 A W−1 and detectivity of 5.40 × 1014 Jones for visible light detection. Based on X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and technology computer‐aided design simulations, a model, focusing on oxygen vacancy modulation, is proposed to explain the visible‐light sensitivity in IGZO TFTs with N2 treatment. This work opens up new possibilities for the integration of IGZO photodetector into AM display panels to realize in‐cell environmental detection and biometric recognition.
Ion Conducting Polymer Interfaces for Lithium Metal Anodes: Impact on the Electrodeposition Kinetics
Authors: Choudhury Snehashis , Huang Zhuojun , Amanchukwu Chibueze V. , Rudnicki Paul E. , Chen Yuelang , Boyle David Thomas , Qin Jian , Cui Yi , Bao Zhenan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractElectrochemical cells that utilize metals (e.g., lithium, sodium, zinc) as anodes are under intense investigation as they are projected to replace the current lithium‐ion batteries to serve as a more energy‐dense option for commercial applications. In addition, metal electrodes provide opportunities for fundamental research of different phenomena, such as ion transport and electrochemical kinetics, in the complex environment of reactive metal‐electrodeposition. In this work, computationally and experimentally the competing effects related to transport and kinetics during the metal electrodeposition process are examined. Using Brownian dynamics simulations, it is shown that slower deposition kinetics results in a more compact and uniform Li morphology. This finding is experimentally implemented by designing ion‐containing polymeric coatings on the electrodes that simultaneously provide pathways for lithium‐ion transport, while impeding the charge transfer (Li+ + e− → Li) at heterogeneous surfaces. It is further shown that these ionic polymer interfaces can significantly extend the cell‐lifetime of a lithium metal battery in both ether‐based and carbonate‐based electrolytes. Through theoretical and experimental investigations, it is found that a low kinetic to transport rate ratio is a major factor in influencing the Li plating morphology. The plating morphology can be further fine‐tuned by increasing ionic conductivity.
Enhanced catalytic performance of H2SO4‐catalyzed C4 alkylation by formyl functional [N1,1,1,1][C10SO4] additive
Authors: Ma Zhihong , Zheng Weizhong , Sun Weizhen , Zhao Ling 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt is of fundamental importance to assess the additive for isobutane alkylation catalyzed by the concentrated H2SO4 in actual industrial reactor, which usually contains 6.0–7.0 wt% red oil (ASO) impurity. Herein, the formyl functional [N1,1,1,1][C10SO4] additive was developed to enhance the catalytic performance of the H2SO4 taken from industrial stream with emphasis on process optimization and reaction kinetics. The ASO that existed in the H2SO4 from industrial stream has a promoting effect, and the introduction of [N1,1,1,1][C10SO4] with ratio of 0.3 wt% can further improve research octane number of alkylate even in a shorter reaction time. The kinetic model can well predict the concentration changes of key components, in which [N1,1,1,1][C10SO4] contributes to the larger reaction rate and lower activation energy for the targeted trimethylpentanes generation due to the intensified isobutane solvation. Hopefully, the novel additive has a promising application to optimize the H2SO4‐catalyzed industrial alkylation process.
Pathogenicity analysis and splicing rescue of a classical splice site variant (c.1343+1G>T) of CNOT1 gene associated with neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Dong Yan , Li Weiran , Meng Jing , Wang Ping , Sun Mei , Zhou Feiyu , Li Dong , Shu Jianbo , Cai Chunquan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMutations in the CNOT1 gene lead to an incurable rare neurological disorder mainly manifested as a clinical spectrum of intellectual disability, developmental delay, seizures, and behavioral problems. In this study, we investigated a classical splice site variant of CNOT1 (c.1343+1G>T) associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, which was a master regulator, orchestrating gene expression, RNA deadenylation, and protein ubiquitination. To link CNOT1 dysfunction with the neurodevelopmental phenotype observed in a patient, in vitro minigene assay was used to verify the effect of CNOT1 gene splice site variant c.1343+1G>T on mRNA splicing. We also explored the impact of transient transfection introducing modified U1 snRNA on correcting the splicing variant. Through minigene expression in mammalian cells, we demonstrated that the variant induced complete exon 12 skipping, which explained the patient's clinical condition and provided additional genetic diagnosis evidence for the clinical significance of the variant. Moreover, we confirmed that the aberrant splice pattern could be partially corrected by the modified U1 snRNA at the mRNA level, which provided strong evidence for the therapeutic potential of modified U1 snRNA in neutralizing the hazardous effect of incorrect splicing patterns.
Light‐Induced Metal‐Free Generation of Cyanocarbenes from Alkynyl Triazenes for the Synthesis of Nitrile Derivatives
Authors: Michel Elena , Grieser Fabian F. , Mackenroth Alexandra V. , Schukin Michael , Krämer Petra , Tahir Shaista , Rominger Frank , Rudolph Matthias , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe chemistry of alkynyl triazenes is an emerging field for organic chemists and especially acid‐induced nucleophilic functionalizations, either directly, or after a prior reaction towards aromatic triazenes under extrusion of nitrogen, paved the way for fruitful strategies. In contrast, the chemical behavior of alkynyl triazenes upon irradiation with light is still unknown. Herein we present the first photoactivation of alkynyl triazenes that triggers an uncommon reactivity pattern involving the cleavage of the N1−N2 bond of the triazene moiety resulting in a unique approach to cyanocarbenes from a readily available, stable, and insensitive precursor. This allows to access various nitrile compounds without the use of a toxic cyanating agent by exploiting the reactivity pattern of carbenes. By variation of the reaction conditions and light sources, different substitution patterns can be obtained selectively in good yields under mild and metal‐free conditions, thus introducing the alkynyl triazene unit as a photo accessible methylene nitrile synthon. Using this synthon, subclasses like α‐alkoxynitriles, α‐aminonitriles and α‐cyanohydrazones become easily available. These exhibit synthetically valuable substitution patterns for the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, intermediates for total synthesis and amino acid synthesis.
A critically endangered estuarine limpet’s only two populations are genomically and morphologically distinct
Authors: de Coito Paula M. , Emami‐Khoyi Arsalan , Hedderson Terry A. , Toonen Robert J. , Teske Peter R. , Branch George M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Seagrass habitats are declining worldwide, placing several seagrass‐associated animals at risk of extinction. The Critically Endangered limpet Siphonaria compressa is one of the rarest molluscs in Africa, and has been reported from only two disjunctive lagoons in South Africa. Being a highly specialized grazer that lives exclusively on the narrow blades of Cape eelgrass, Zostera capensis, which is itself listed as Endangered in the South African Red List and has decreased in abundance, conservation initiatives are urgently needed to ensure the long‐term survival of S. compressa.
Molecular data (sequence data from the mitochondrial genome and single nucleotide polymorphism data of the nuclear genome) and morphological data were analysed to determine whether the two populations are conspecific, with implications for whether translocation between localities could be a viable management strategy to restore either population in the event of a collapse, or to maintain the genetic diversity of each population.
Strong evidence emerged for the distinctness of the two populations, including a lack of shared mtDNA haplotypes that indicate an absence of contemporary gene flow, a divergence time that dates to the late Pleistocene, and a number of morphological characters that distinguish their shells. These findings indicate that the two populations are distinct cryptic subspecies.
As the two populations occur in different temperature‐defined marine biogeographical regions, they are probably adapted to different thermal environments. Translocations are not recommended, as this management strategy has considerable potential to result in outbreeding depression and exacerbate the extinction risk. Instead, each population should be managed separately, and several alternative conservation measures are discussed, including the protection and restoration of seagrass beds.
Morphological variability in the inner ear of mice with osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Huston Lila A. , Husain Tooba S. , Moore Jacob C. , Organ Jason M. , Menegaz Rachel A. , Handler Emma K. , Gonzales Lauren A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOsteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is known to cause hearing loss in ~60% of the affected human population. While OI‐related pathologies have been studied in the middle ear, the development of cochlear pathologies is less well understood. In this study, we examine OI‐related pathologies of the cochlea in a mouse model of OI to (1) document variation between OI and unaffected mice, and (2) assess the intrusion of the otic capsule onto the cochlea by analyzing differences in duct volumes. Juvenile and adult OIM C57BL/6mice were compared to unaffected wildtype (WT) mice using three‐dimensional models of the cochlea generated from high resolution micro‐CT scans. Two‐tailed Mann–Whitney U tests were then used to investigate duct volume differences both within and between the OI and WT samples. Areas of higher ossification were observed at the cochlear base in the OI sample. OI mice also had significant intraindividual differences in duct volume between right and left ears (4%–15%), an effect not observed in WT mice. WT and OI duct volumes showed a large degree of overlap, although the OIM volumes were more variable. Our findings indicate that OIM mice are likely to exhibit more asymmetry and variation in cochlear volume despite minor differences in sample cochlear volumes, possibly due to bony capsule intrusion. This suggests a potential mechanism of hearing loss, and a high potential for cochlear and otic capsule alteration in OIM mice.
Constructing Rechargeable Solid‐State Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Li Minghui , Pan Kecheng , Wang Weicheng , Xing Shuochao , Dou Yaying , Zhang Zhang , Zhou Zhen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLithium‐oxygen batteries (LOBs) hold great potential for electrochemical energy storage due to their high theoretical energy density. However, the utilization of conventional liquid electrolytes raises safety concerns such as flammability and leakage, which are also problematic in lithium‐ion batteries. The development of practical open battery systems employing volatile liquid electrolytes, with the ultimate goal of lithium‐air batteries, presents particular challenges. Solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) have emerged as a promising solution to tackle these issues. In the past two decades, SSEs have garnered significant attention and have been successfully implemented in LOBs. This review aims to highlight recent advancements in SSEs for LOBs, exploring the opportunities and challenges associated with developing SSEs possessing high ionic conductivity, interfacial compatibility, and stability. The objective is to enhance reversibility, promote an increase in stable triple‐phase boundaries, and safeguard the Li anode in open battery systems. Finally, we put forth future directions for the advancement of solid‐state Li‐air batteries.
Visual display size and shape impact the accuracy of US adults' health‐risk estimates
Authors: Fitzsimmons Charles J. , Woodbury Lauren , Taber Jennifer M. , Schiller Lauren K. , Mielicki Marta K. , Sidney Pooja G. , Coifman Karin G. , Thompson Clarissa A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHealth risks, when presented as ratios (e.g., two out of seven people), are challenging to understand, but visual displays can foster accurate understanding. We conducted three experiments to test how characteristics of numbers (Experiment 1), icon arrays (Experiments 1, 2, and 3), and number lines (Experiments 1 and 3) influenced people's ability to accurately estimate the risk of experiencing side effects. Participants in each experiment saw smaller‐ (e.g., 2 out of 7) and larger‐component (e.g., 264 out of 924) equivalent ratios in one of three conditions: with number lines only, with icon arrays only, or in the form of Arabic numerals with no accompanying visual. We found that risk estimates were more accurate when presented in 10 × 10 icon arrays, long horizontal 1 × 99 arrays, or number lines. We theorize that hypothetical risks can be estimated more accurately when the display affords easy translation to a percentage.
Made to escape: How the neoliberal rationality changed consumer escape
Authors: Scussel Fernanda 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCurrent research on consumer escape is characterized by a paradox: when seeking to escape the structures, pressures, and obligations of modern life, consumers end up reinforcing the same structure that caused the desire to escape. We propose that this paradox can be explained by a connection between consumer escape and the neoliberal rationality, which is understood to focus on the creation of autonomous, ambitious, and aspiring individuals. Thus, in this article, we explain how the neoliberal rationality affects consumer escape. A three‐year ethnography in a community of long‐distance runners has enabled us to explain that the neoliberal rationality acts on consumer escape through three specific and interdependent dynamics: the community of performance, the entrepreneurial body, and the performance market. Together, those three dynamics change the nature of consumer escape experiences in our contemporary society, according to the main contribution of this research.
Exploring the role of augmented reality as a new brand advocate
Authors: Kumar Harish , Tuli Nikhita , Singh Rajesh Kumar , Arya Vikas , Srivastava Ritu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAugmented reality (AR) has proven to be a potential source of disruption in the marketing discipline. Abundant research has attested to AR's potential by exploring the impact of AR attributes on behavioral intentions and users' attitudes. However, AR's potential to spark customer interactions, co‐create value, and foster brand advocacy remains poorly understood. This study explores whether and how AR can turn users into brand advocates. Applying structural equation modeling to a sample of 502 AR users, the study finds that AR empowers users during their shopping experience, creating strong brand attachment and engagement and ultimately leading to brand advocacy. This brand‐focused study, which goes beyond the technical aspects of AR, is unique and has the potential to inform the strategic decision‐making of managers aiming to enhance the customer experience by means of AR implementation.
Intracellular calcium ion transients evoked by cell poking independently of released autocrine ATP in Madin–Darby canine kidney cells
Authors: Chang Minki , Montagne Kevin , Furukawa Katsuko S. , Ushida Takashi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe mechanical stimulation induced by poking cells with a glass needle activates Piezo1 receptors and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) autocrine pathway, thus increasing intracellular Ca2+concentration. The differences between the increase in intracellular Ca2+concentration induced by cell poking and by ATP‐only stimulation have not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the Ca2+signaling mechanism induced by autocrine ATP release during Madin–Darby Canine Kidney cell membrane deformation by cell poking. The results suggest that the pathways for supplying Ca2+into the cytoplasm were not identical between cell poking and conventional ATP stimulation. The functions of the G protein‐coupled receptor (GPCR) subunits (Gq, G), ATP‐activated receptor and the upstream Ca2+release signal from the intracellular endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+store, were investigated. The results show that Gq plays a major role in the Ca2+response evoked by ATP‐only stimulation, while cell poking induces a Ca2+response requiring the involvement of both Gq and G units simultaneously. These results suggest that GPCR are not only activated by ATP‐only stimulation or autocrine ATP release during Ca2+signaling, but also activated by the mechanical effects of cell poking.
Dynamic Change of Rh Oxidation State During Lean‐Rich Perturbation and Light‐Off of Three‐Way Catalysis Analysed using In Situ Diffuse Reflectance UV‐vis Spectroscopy
Authors: Fujiwara Ayumi , Tsurunari Yutaro , Iwashita Shundai , Yoshida Hiroshi , Ohyama Junya , Machida Masato 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the redox behaviour of Rh in three‐way catalysts (TWC) using time‐resolved in situ diffuse reflectance UV‐vis spectroscopy in different modes with air‐to‐fuel ratio (A/F) step, A/F perturbation, and temperature ramping. When Rh/ZrO2−CeO2 (Rh/ZC) and Rh/ZrO2 (Rh/Z) containing fully oxidised Rh were treated at 400 °C under simulated TWC conditions with A/F stepping from 15.0 (fuel‐lean) to 14.1 (fuel‐rich), a steep increase in the metallic fraction (Rh0/Rh) and a simultaneous increase in Kubelka–Munk function (ΔKM) at λ=450 nm occurred near the stoichiometric point (A/F=14.6). Metallic Rh became abundant until A/F=14.1, where the largest ΔKM was attained. In the A/F perturbation mode, the Rh oxidation state fluctuated with repetitious switching of rich and lean gas feeds, but the ΔKM oscillation amplitude was lessened for Rh/ZC compared to Rh/Z because of the oxygen‐scavenging function of ZC. Furthermore, the changes in Rh oxidation state during TWC light‐off were analysed in the temperature‐ramping mode. Under rich conditions, Rh0/Rh and ΔKM increased after 200 °C, where the formation of Rh metal led to efficient conversions of CO and NO. However, metallic Rh did not appear during light‐off under the lean condition, where NO conversion was negligible.
Spin‐Injection in Graphene: An EPR and Raman Study
Authors: Fragkogiannis Christos , Belles Loukas , Gournis Dimitrios P. , Deligiannakis Yiannis , Georgakilas Vasilios 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this article, the enrichment of graphene and graphene oxide with free radicals through their functionalization with tyrosine is studied. In contrast with what is commonly observed in the functionalization of graphene with organic species the addition of tyrosine radicals on to the graphene substrate led to a remarkable increase of the aromatic character as indicated by the spectroscopic data. Similar behaviour was observed for the functionalization of graphene oxide. In addition, a brief analysis of the tyrosine functionalized graphene with EPR spectroscopy showed a remarkable enhancement of the spin density that could be useful in spintronics.
Unprecedented Direct Asymmetric Total Syntheses of 5,8’‐Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids from their Fully Substituted Precursors Employing a Novel Nickel/N,N‐ligand‐Catalyzed Atroposelective Cross‐Coupling Reaction
Authors: Berthold Dino , van Otterlo Willem A. L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA general and concise synthetic pathway for the preparation of four different 5,8’‐coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, employing a specially developed nickel/N,N‐ligand‐catalyzed atroposelective Negishi coupling is reported. In the first reported direct atroposelective coupling of the fully substituted precursors, the naturally occurring cross‐coupled products were generally obtained directly in reasonable yields and high enantiomeric purities. For the synthesis of the cross‐coupling precursors, we employed a modification of Bringmann's known approach to the dihydroisoquinoline compounds and a newly developed route for the naphthalene building blocks. For the latter 1,8‐dioxynaphthalene precursors, our strategy utilized Hartwig's borylation/methylation approach and included the efficient installation of orthogonal protecting groups.