bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water and nutrient use efficiencies of Robinia pseudoacacia, Amygdalus davidiana, and Armeniaca sibirica and their potential driving forces in monoculture and mixed stands on the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Lu Senbao , Chen Yunming , Sardans Jordi , Penuelas Josep 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aims The effects of mixed plantations, in comparison with corresponding monoculture plantations, on both water and nutrient use efficiencies remain unclear.
Methods Robinia pseudoacacia mixed (R. pseudoacacia and Amygdalus davidiana, RPAD; R. pseudoacacia and Armeniaca sibirica, RPAS) and monoculture (R. pseudoacacia, RP; A. davidiana, AD; and A. sibirica, AS) stands on the Loess Plateau were used to determine leaf water (WUE), nitrogen (NUE), and phosphorus (PUE) use efficiencies and their potential driving forces.
Results Mixing R. pseudoacacia and A. sibirica is a good strategy to maximize soil nutrient resources. Compared with monocultures of all species, R. pseudoacacia and A. davidiana in RPAD and A. sibirica in RPAS had higher WUE and lower NUE and PUE; P limitation of R. pseudoacacia in either RPAD or RPAS was lower than that in RP. As a whole, a trade-off was observed between WUE and NUE in all species, and between WUE and PUE in A. davidiana and A. sibirica. Moreover, WUE was primarily driven by stand density (SD), crown area (CA), soil total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) for R. pseudoacacia and A. sibirica; SD, CA, and TN for A. davidiana; SD, CA, and TP for A. sibirica. NUE was driven by leaf nitrogen content per mass (Nmass), soil organic carbon (SOC), and TP for R. pseudoacacia and A. sibirica, Nmass and SOC for A. davidiana.
Conclusions Although mixed species showed different water and nutrient use efficiencies based on inherent factors and site conditions, the trade-off between WUE and NUE remained unchanged.
Link state estimator for VANETs using neural networks
Authors: Ikhlef Hamida , Bourebia Soumia , Melit Ali 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs), it is important to consider the quality of the path used to forward data packets. Because of the fluctuating conditions of VANETs, stringent requirements have been imposed on routing protocols and thus complicating the entire process of packet delivery. To determine which path is the best, a routing protocol relies on a path assessment mechanism. In this paper, the problem of link quality estimation in VANET networks is addressed. Based on the information gathered from the packet decoding errors at the physical layer, a novel link quality estimator is proposed. The proposed link quality estimator named LSENN for Link State Estimator based on Neural Networks, has been tested under realistic physical layer and mobility models for reactivity, accuracy and stability evaluation.
Incidence and burden of infectious disease or sepsis in hospitalized adults with specific comorbidities: a nationwide population-based surveillance
Authors: LEE CHING-CHI , Hung Yuan-Pin , Hsieh Chih-Chia , Lin Sheng-Hsiang , Ko Wen-Chien 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurpose:Although numerous epidemiological investigations have focused on sepsis, its definition has been revised by the Sepsis-3 criteria since 2016. To update the epidemiologic sepsis information on individuals who are immunocompromised due to specific comorbidities, a retrospective cohort based on the population-based databasewas studied.Methods:According to ICD-9-CM codes, the first and subsequent hospitalizations for infections or sepsis episodes were identified. Patients with targeted comorbidities were regarded as the study cohort; their corresponding control cohort was recognized through matching by sex and age.Results:In total, 231,016 adults with comorbid diabetes mellitus, 41,205 with liver cirrhosis, and 137,661 with hemato-oncology were identified; and their corresponding control patients included the control cohort I (115,461 adults), II (20,702), and III (68,847), respectively. Through the validation in our hospital, interobserver agreement in infections (k=0.81) and sepsis (k=0.88) was excellent. Compared to the corresponding control cohorts, patients with the targeted comorbidities were more likely to have experienced a first hospitalization due to infection or sepsis at a younger age; and the incidence rate ratios of infections in patients with diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis, or hemato-oncology were 1.92, 4.14, and 2.76; and the incidence rate ratios of sepsis were 1.83, 5.42, and 2.68, respectively.Conclusions:Compared with the general population, patients with immunocompromised status caused by specific comorbidities, particularly in cirrhotic patients, have a higher frequency of hospitalization for subsequent infections or sepsis. We believe that our findings might offer the support for improving the quality of patient.
Bacterial biofilm persistence in human jawbone following tooth extraction: Implications of surgical debridement and resident population shift for oral implants
Authors: Nelson Stephen , Hu Honghua , Jacombs Anita , Deva Anand , Thomas Graham , Viljoen Andre , Vickery Karen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Intra-radicular infection theory assumes that when an infected tooth is extracted, the main source of infection is removed and any residual contaminating bacteria are killed by the immune response, then normal healing ensues. This study investigated whether bacteria and bacterial biofilms persisted in deep bone space following tooth extraction. The study was conducted on two adult male patients seeking dental implant therapy in a private practice setting. The cases presented as (1) a single-tooth with a chronic lesion in the anterior maxilla and (2) as a mandibular full-arch where the few remaining teeth presented endodontic/periodontic lesions, while odsteolytic/osteosclerotic lesions persisted in the edentulous, apparently healed bone. Bone fragments were obtained during full-flap, sterile surgical debridement/osteotomy, for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and pyrosequencing analysis. SEM images visually confirmed the presence of bacteria and bacterial biofilms in deep apparently healed bone space in health and disease. The extraction of diseased teeth did not result in the spontaneous resolution of pathologically altered bone surfaces. Severely sclerotic bone in both cases required multiple surgical debridements to attain a vascularised health margin beyond sclerotic encapsulation with reconnection to stem-cell-rich periosteum. The clinical effect of debridement was microbial population shift, with histologic regeneration of internal osseos architecture and bone quality, according to habitat fitness. Longitudinal same-site intracommunity extinctions and additions were corroborated by SEM and microbiome analysis, together with clinical and radiographic evidence. The circumvention of resident pathogenic bacterial biofilms before implant deployment becomes a method protocol for biofilm-based osseointegration, improving outcomes and reducing reoperations.
NO-ferroheme is a signaling entity in the vasculature
Authors: Kleschyov Andrei , Zhuge Zhengbing , Schiffer Tomas , Guimarães Drielle , Zhang Gensheng , Montenegro Marcelo , Tesse Angela , Weitzberg Eddie , Carlström Mattias , Lundberg Jon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Despite wide appreciation of the biological role of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) signaling, questions remain about the chemical nature of NOS-derived bioactivity. Here we show that NO-like bioactivity can be efficiently transduced by mobile NO-ferroheme species which can exchange proteins, partition to the hydrophobic phase, and directly activate the sGC-cGMP-PKG pathway without the intermediacy of free NO. The NO-ferroheme entity efficiently relaxes isolated blood vessels and induces hypotension in rodents, which is greatly potentiated after blockade of NOS activity. While free NO-induced relaxations are abolished by an NO scavenger and in the presence of red blood cells or blood plasma, NO-ferroheme preserves its vasoactivity, suggesting physiological relevance of these yet underappreciated species. We conclude that NO-ferroheme behaves as a signaling entity in the vasculature.
Optimum Control of Hidden Attacks of Malicious Information on Social Networks
Authors: Jain Ankur , Dhar Joydip , Gupta Vijay 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Extremists are increasingly using social media to recruit and radicalize other users and increase their money. Terrorists can use popular social networks accounts and perform their activities in a hidden way. So, it is crucial to create a fruitful mechanism for controlling the spread of misinformation. Otherwise, a large number of people can mislead by this terrorist activity by joining them. Here, we propose malicious news spreading model incorporating hidden attackers of a social network. A threshold is defined for deciding the extinction of malicious news from a social network. Here, we show the importance of network alertness and activity of cyber-security agencies in the modified model. Moreover, we obtained the optimal values of the control parameters for emergencies.
The Framework of Leadership in Academic Medicine (FLAM); a mixed-methods study to develop leadership skills and competence
Authors: Dash Nihar Ranjan , Koutaich Rim , Khalaf Heba Awad Al , Hani Mohammad Jasem , Koutaich Rayan , Guraya Salman Yousuf 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
In medical academic institutions, leadership is mostly hierarchical which is based on multiple factors including seniority and ranks. There is a dearth of structured leadership training, development, and certification programs in the medical field. This study contemplates to develop a framework of leadership in academic medicine with an intent to support medical academia in fostering their leadership skills.
Methods
We adopted a cross-sectional prospective design and a mixed-methods strategy. An online self-administered questionnaire-based survey and structured in-person interviews were conducted to collect the perceptions of both academic leaders and non-leaders in medicine. The data was collated, analyzed and triangulated to develop domains and themes.
Results
Of the 229 respondents, there were 121 leaders and 108 non-leaders. The quantitative results revealed that most leaders (60%; 73/121) were open to training and development to improve their leadership skills. Leaders favored an affiliative style of leadership (45%). The leaders concurred that leadership development programs would improve their organizational performance. They also argued that an overly bureaucratic and stagnant organizational structure was a hindrance to effective leadership (mean rank scores 136.82 and 122.85 respectively). On the other hand, the majority of non-leaders (70%; 75/108) had observed that their leaders would display a variety of key leadership behaviors such as clear communication, effective resource allocation, the creation of shared knowledge and objectives. As many as 99/108 non-leaders agreed that the lack of experience and training were barriers to effective leadership. Given that most leaders and non-leaders had no prior formal training in academic leadership, both recognized the need for an extensive, structured training program for academic leadership in medicine. The qualitative data analysis and triangulation of subthemes helped us to develop the 6 Es Framework for Leadership in Academic Medicine (FLAM); Ethics (accountability, role model, respect), Education and training (training programs, structured curriculum), Envision (clear path, talent hunting, team man), Engagement (structural foundation, achievable targets), Empowerment (employees, create passion), and Encouragement (financial rewards).
Conclusions
Our study underpins the need for a structured training program of leadership in academic medicine. The 6Es FLAM, with its distinct traits, can be incorporated into undergraduate and postgraduate medical curriculum to enhance the impact of leadership in academic medicine.
Dyslipidemia in diffuse large B cell lymphoma based on the genetic subtypes: a single-center study of 259 Chinese patients
Authors: xu yi , Shen Huafei , Shi Yuanfei , Zhao Yanchun , Zhen Xiaolong , Sun Jianai , Li Xueying , Zhou De , Yang Chunmei , Wang Jinhan , Huang Xianbo , Wei Juying , Huang Jian , Meng Haitao , Yu Wenjuan , Tong Hongyan , Jin Jie , Xie Wanzhuo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a kind of highly heterogeneous non-Hodgkin lymphoma both in clinical and genetic terms. DLBCL is admittedly categorized into 6 subtypes by genetics, which contains MCD, BN2, EZB, N1, ST2 and A53. Dyslipidemia is relevant to a multitude of solid tumors and has recently been reported associated with hematologic malignancy. We aim to present a retrospective study investigating dyslipidemia in DLBCL based on the molecular subtypes.
Results: This study concluded 259 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL and their biopsy specimens were available for molecular typing. Results show that the incidence of dyslipidemia (87.0%, p<0.001) is higher in the EZB subtype than in others, especially the hypertriglyceridemia (78.3%, p=0.001) in the EZB subtype. Based on the pathological gene-sequencing, patients with BCL2 gene fusion mutation are significantly correlative with hyperlipidemia (76.5%, p=0.006) and hypertriglyceridemia (88.2%, p=0.002). Nevertheless, the occurrence of dyslipidemia has no remarkable influence on prognosis.
Conclusion: In summary, dyslipidemia connects with the genetic heterogeneity in DLBCL while without significant influence on survival.
Establishment and Validation of an Anoiki-Associated Gene Signature Capable of Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinoma-related Immune Cell Infiltration and Prognostic Outcomes
Authors: Ni Junjie , Liu Lutong , Wu Pu , Zhu Xiaotao , Xu Chaoyang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is extremely heterogeneous, abd predicting patient outcomes remains a challenge. Anoikis is a distinct type of cell death that exerts an essential role in oncogenic invasion and spread. The presence of anti-anoikis factors contributes to cancer aggressiveness and drug resistance.
Methods
HCC patient transcriptomic and clinical data were accessed using public databases. A least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox approach was used to define a multigenic prognostic biosignature in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) patients, after which International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) patients were leveraged for validation of this signature. The overall survival (OS) of low- and high-risk patient groups was compared using Kaplan-Meier analyses, with univariate and multivariate approaches being employed to establish independent predictors related to patient OS. A single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) strategy was also used to calculate immune cell infiltration scores and immune pathway activity, while Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome (KEGG) and Hallmark enrichment was identified via GSEA approaches.
Results
Through the use of a LASSO Cox regression approach, a 9-gene anoikis-related biosignature model was established. High-risk patient OS was shorter relative to low-risk patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves confirmed the robust prognostic utility of this 9-gene biosignature, and risk scores were independently related to patient OS in a multivariate Cox analysis. Functional differences in immune status were also detected between these groups, with greater enrichment of cancer-associated pathways in high-risk individuals. Risk scores were significantly related to tumor staging, grading, and immune infiltration types. Prognostic gene expression was also significantly related with tumor cell anti-tumor drug sensitivity.
Conclusions
These results highlight a novel signature comprised of 9 anoikis-related genes that can be employed to predict outcomes and evaluate HCC patient immunological status. Targeting these genes may also represent an effective therapeutic approach.
The Quality of marketed drugs in Ethiopia: A systematic Review
Authors: Tefera Yesuneh Mekasha , Godena Gemmechu Hasen , Idris Rashed , Beressa Ayana , Hassen Hassen Kebede , Ozalp Yildiz , Aksu Neşe Buket AKSU Buket 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Medicinal products, unlike any other consumer item, require special attention because excessive or suboptimal use can have unintended consequences. Ultimately, safety from unwanted toxicity and effectiveness at recommended dosage levels are desired, which are dependent on product quality.
Objective
Systematic Review of evidence available on the quality of drugs in Ethiopia.
Methods
A PRISMA checklist and medicine quality assessment reporting guidelines were used for systematic review. A web search was performed using key words such as "drug quality," "quality control," "in vitro drug quality evaluation," "physico-chemical quality," and "Ethiopia. The Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar data sources were used to extract the information. Data inclusion and exclusion criteria were prepared and validated using the guide for systematic review. After data evaluation and harmonization with stated objectives, it is summarized using tables and graphs.
Results
A total of 33 assessment studies on 667 sampled products were sorted from web searches and included. The review has revealed that 21.73% of the products studied had quality parameters of dissolution, disintegration, and/or chemical assay that deviated from recommended values. Antibacterial drugs were the most frequently studied category (28.57%), followed by NSAIDs (14.29%), and anthelmintic (14.29%). Among the drug products studied, 17.24% were not registered for marketing.
Conclusion
The current systematic review has shown the gaps in post marketing quality assessment studies. Unlike existing efforts for product quality assurance, findings from marketed product studies warrant the need to minimize prevalence of substandard medicinal products.
Predicting the Stone-Free Status of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with the Machine Learning System
Authors: AlAzab Rami , Ghammaz Owais , Ardah Nabil , Al-Bzour Ayah , Zeidat Layan , Mawali Zahraa , Ahmed Yaman B. , Alguzo Tha’er , Al-Alwani Azhar , Samara Mahmoud 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The study aimed to create a machine learning model (MLM) to predict the stone-free status (SFS) of patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), and compare its performance to the S.T.O.N.E. and Guy’s stone scores. This is a retrospective study that included 320 PCNL patients. The pre-operative and post-operative variables were extracted and entered into three MLMs: RFC, SVM, and XGBoost. The methods used to assess the performance of each MLM, were mean bootstrap estimate with CI, 10-fold cross-validation, classification report, and AUC. Each model was externally validated and evaluated by mean bootstrap estimate with CI, classification report, and AUC. Out of the 320 patients who underwent PCNL the SFS was found to be 69.4%. The RFC mean bootstrap estimate was 0.75 and 95% CI: [0.65–0.85], 10-fold cross-validation of 0.744, an accuracy of 0.74, and AUC of 0.761. The XGBoost results were 0.74 [0.63–0.85], 0.759, 0.72, and 0.769 respectively. The SVM results were 0.70 [0.60–0.79], 0.725, 0.74, and 0.751 respectively. The AUC of Guy’s stone score and the S.T.O.N.E. score were 0.666 and 0.71, respectively. The RFC external validation set had a mean bootstrap estimate of 0.87 and 95% CI: [0.81–0.92], an accuracy of 0.70, and an AUC of 0.795. While the XGBoost results were 0.84 [0.78–0.91], 0.74, and 0.84 respectively. The SVM results were 0.86 [0.80–0.91], 0.79, and 0.858 respectively. MLMs can be used with high accuracy in predicting SFS for patients undergoing PCNL. MLM systems we utilized predicted the SFS with AUCs superior to those of GSS and S.T.O.N.E score.
Neonatal therapy after maternal central neurotropic drug exposure – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wecker Sabrina , Dammert Ann Sophie , Scholz Christoph , Krüger Marcus , Hauer Julia , Brickmann Christian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective: Evaluation of neonatal morbidity after maternal central neurotropic drug exposure.
Design/Setting: Retrospective single-center level-III neonatology cohort analysis of neonates after CND from 2018 to 2021. Control group of neonates born to mothers without CND.
Results: Significantly more frequent therapy need of neonates with CND [OR 11 (95% CI: 4.8-25); RR 7 (95% CI: 3.4-14); p<0.01]. Neonates after CND had lower Apgar-scores LM 1 [CND 8.1; CG 8.6; p=0.04]; LM 5 [CND 9; CG 9.7; p<0.01]; LM 10 [CND 9.6; CG 9.9: p=0.01]). The first symptom occurred in 95.35% within 24 h (mean: 3.3 h). CND group showed significantly more often preterm delivery [OR 3.5; RR 3.2; p<0.05], and especially cumulative multiple symptoms [OR 9.4; RR 6.6; p<0.01] but no correlation to multiple maternal medication use (p=0.3).
Conclusion: Neonates exposed to CND are at increased risk for postnatal therapy, often due to multiple symptoms. Neonates should be monitored for 24h.
Effects of voluntary orienting of attention on temporal estimation
Authors: Ranzini Mariagrazia , Romeo Zaira , Zorzi Marco , Mioni Giovanna 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Exogenous orienting of attention can affect the mental processing of time, suggesting the existence of a spatial representation for temporal durations, with shorter and longer durations represented on the left and on the right of a mental timeline, respectively. In this study, we investigated the effects of voluntary shifts of attention on the perception of temporal durations. Participants were asked to follow with their gaze a dot moving either leftward or rightward from the screen centre (smooth pursuit conditions), or to fix a central dot (control condition), while listening to an acoustic stimulus (pink noise) varying in duration (from 600ms to 1400ms). Upon stimuli offset, they had to reproduce the temporal duration of the acoustic stimulus by pressing a button on the keyboard. Experiment 1 was carried out online, whereas Experiment 2 was a laboratory-based replication. The results showed, across the two experiments, a tendency to overestimate stimulus duration, which decreased with increasing duration. When the dot moved horizontally, smooth pursuit induced a smaller overestimation as compared to the control condition. Contrary to our hypothesis, we observed an effect of pursuit direction neither in Experiment 1 nor in Experiment 2. Our results indicate that the spatialization of time is not systematic. We suggest that different effects of voluntary and involuntary attention on time processing, as well as task characteristics, might contribute to explaining the contrasting findings as observed in this and previous studies.