bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation and Short Wave Diathermy on Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain
Authors: Ahmed Monjur , Hoque Ahsanul , Zannat Nur A , Sadeque A B M Zafar , Khan Tariqul Islam 
Published: August 2023

Background: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is widely used as a therapeutic adjunct in the management of low back pain. It is a relatively safe, non-invasive, and easy-to-use modality, making it an attractive treatment option. For more than four decades, TENS has been applied in the treatment of acute and chronic pain syndromes. Short wave diathermy (SWD) is a modality that produces deep heating by converting electromagnetic energy to thermal energy. Short wave diathermy (SWD) is also a popular therapy for low back pain.
Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy between TENS and SWD on chronic nonspecific low back pain patients. One hundred twenty patients with chronic low back pain were treated according to inclusion & exclusion criteria. Patients were equally distributed in three groups. Group-A patients (n=40) were treated with NSAID+ADL, Group-B patients (n=40) were treated with NSAID+ADL+TENS, and Group-C patients (n=40) were treated with NSAID+ADL+SWD. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Data were calculated and analyzed by computer-based software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) Windows 16.0 version. Main outcome measure (s): Subjective pain intensity score, visual analogue scale, tenderness index, disability due to pain, spinal mobility index, and Oswestry disability index.
Results: The mean duration of pain was found to be 23.90±2.57 months in group A, 21.0+1.50 months in group B and 22.1±1.89 months in group C. The visual analog score was improved individually in group-A, group B and Group C after treatment, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). Oswestry disability questionnaire score was also improved individually in group-A, group B and Group C after treatment, which was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the case of comparison between Group B and Group C, this was not statistically significant (P>0.05). In this current study, it was observed that the entire variable individually improved in Group-A, Group B, and Group C. So, all three treatment groups benefited from drugs and therapy. However, these were not statistically significant (P>0.05) between Group B and Group C.
Conclusion: Beneficial effects of TENS and SWD were seen in the study population, but no firm conclusion could be drawn.
TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 63-73
Efficacy of Empagliflozin as Add-on Therapy in Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Joysoual Mita Rani , Ara Shahin , Haque Md Nazmul , Ghosh Rita , Afroze Tamanna , Aufi Saqib Salah 
Published: August 2023

Background: Metformin is recommended as first-line pharmacotherapy for patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) who fail to achieve glycemic control through lifestyle modification. Metformin initially lowers blood glucose, but as diabetes progresses, it alone frequently fails to maintain glycemic control, and additional therapies are required. Empagliflozin is a potent and selective sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor that is effective in reducing blood sugar levels as monotherapy or add-on to existing therapy with significant improvements in glycemic control and weight.
Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics in collaboration with Rajshahi Diabetic Association General Hospital, Rajshahi, for one year from January 2021 to December 2021 on 50 uncontrolled T2DM patients (glycosylated hemoglobin, HbA1c > 7.0 to ≤ 10.5%) for more than 12 weeks. The investigating drug, empagliflozin 10 mg (1 tablet) as a once-daily dose, was added to the ongoing treatment of each patient as 3rd line treatment and was followed up at 6 and 12 weeks.
Results: The mean FBS at baseline was 10.8 mmol/L, which declined to 8.5 mmol/L at six weeks and then to 7.2 mmol/L after 12 weeks of intervention with Empagliflozin as add-on therapy in patients with uncontrolled T2DM. The overall reduction of FBS from baseline to 12 weeks of intervention was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Simultaneously the mean HbA1c also reduced from 9.4% to 7.7% after six weeks and to 7.1% after 12 weeks of intervention (p < 0.001). The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased from 129 mmHg to below 120 mmHg (p < 0.001) and 82.3 mmHg to below 80 mmHg (p = 0.029), respectively, after three months of intervention.
Conclusion: Empagliflozin as add-on therapy responded well in patients with uncontrolled T2DM (previously treated with metformin combined with either sulfonylurea or DPP-4 inhibitors and/or supplemented by insulin) in achieving glycemic control.
TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 89-95
Epidemiological Profile and Outcome of Pregnancy Associated Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Amin Md Ruhul , Hoque Al Mirajun , Hussain Md Maruf , Bhattacharyya Partho Moni , Sardar Md Amzad Hossain , Hasan Md Aminul , Alam Md Mahidul 
Published: August 2023

Background: In developing countries, pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury (PAAKI) is a significant cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. A systematic evaluation is essential to understand its frequency and severity in our setting. Objectives: Primary aim of our study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile and outcome of patients with pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Nephrology, Rajshahi medical college hospital, from January 2019 to March 2020. A total of 83 patients with pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury were evaluated. Patients who had a history of chronic kidney disease or were diagnosed as a case of chronic kidney disease were excluded from the study.
Result: The mean age±SD was 25.39±5.90 years. The majority were <30 years of age (56.6%). Only 24.1% had completed regular antenatal checkups. Preeclamsic toxaemia was present in 10.8% of patients. 85.5% of delivery was performed at hospitals/ clinics, and 75.9% of delivery was done by cesarean section. Unskilled birth attendants did 9.7% of delivery. Anaemia was present in 41.0% of patients at presentation, and 67.5% received a blood transfusion. Maternal mortality was 32.5%, and neonatal mortality was 21.7%. Renal replacement therapy was given in 56 (67.5%) patients. Among them, 47 (83.9%) received hemodialysis. Common causes of pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury were found to be sepsis (77.1%), postpartum hemorrhage (41.0%), disseminated intravascular coagulation (21.7%), severe preeclampsia (16.9%), HELLP syndrome (2.4%) and transfusion reaction (7.2%). 31.4% of patients recovered completely, and 10.8% of patients developed chronic kidney disease.
Conclusion: Providing good quality perinatal care is essential to reduce the frequency of pregnancy-associated acute kidney injury and maternal and neonatal mortality related to this.
TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 127-134
Frequency and Outcome of Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Exclusive, Partial, and Non-Breastfed Babies
Authors: Sarker Sanchita , Ahmmad Be Nazir , Hossain Md Mosharrof , Paul Subal Chandra , Ara Chaman , Hossain Md Asgar 
Published: August 2023

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding provides nutritional and immunological support for the normal growth and development of the infant. Bangladesh is traditionally a breastfed community. The probability of having an acute respiratory infection (ARI) episode was higher for formula-fed infants than fully breastfed infants during the first four months of life. The risks for partially breastfed infants fell between those of formula-fed and fully breastfed infants, suggesting a dose-response effect of breastfeeding on the risk of respiratory infection.
Objective: This study compares exclusive, partial, and non-breastfed groups regarding the frequency and outcome of acute respiratory infection. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional comparative study was done at the Department of Pediatrics, Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, from January 2013 to June 2013, a period of six months. A total of 300 cases of infants suffering from ARI were selected. Among them, 100 are each for exclusive breastfed (EBF) babies, partially breastfed babies (PBF), and non-breastfed (NBF) babies. In addition, demographic profile, frequency, severity of attacks, outcomes, and length of hospital stay were assessed.
Results: Most EBF babies came to the hospital with a history of one or two attacks of ARI, but PBF and NBF babies had multiple attacks. i.e., two, three, or more attacks. Most of the NBF and PBF have presented with severe attacks (84% and 72%, respectively), whereas only 42% of EBF babies presented with severe attacks; nonetheless, a maximum of 58% of EBF babies present with mild attacks. The severe attack is more frequent in the PBF and NBF groups than in the EBF groups.
Conclusion: Frequency, severity, and hospital staying of ARI attacks are found to be more in the PBF and NBF group of babies than in EBF babies. Better outcomes were found in EBF group babies.
TAJ 2022; 36: No-1: 135-141
Gambaran Timbulan Limbah Medis di Rumah Sakit Daerah Madani Palu
Authors: Politon Fellysca , Christine Christine , Sunuh Herlina , Respito Andi 
Published: August 2023

Latar Belakang: Rumah sakit merupakan tempat pelayanan kesehatan yang dapat menjadi tempat sumber penularan penyakit, memungkinkan terjadinya pencemaran lingkungan dan gangguan kesehatan, serta menghasilkan limbah baik medis maupun non medis yang dapat menularkan penyakit. Tujuan: untuk mengetahui gambaran timbulan sampah medis di Rumah Sakit Daerah Madani Palu. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yaitu limbah medis yang dihasilkan dari ruangan rawat inap berjumlah 11 ruangan, Sampel yang diteliti adalah limbah medis yang berasal dari ruangan rawat inap Variabel penelitian yaitu timbulan limbah medis yang dihasilkan dari ruangan perawatan. Pengukuran dalam bentuk observasi dan pengukuran dengan cara menghitung jumlah timbulan sampah. Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan jenis limbah medis terbanyak adalah botol infus, masker, sarung tangan, tissu, pembungkus obat, penutup kepala, dan botol obat. Jumlah timbulan rata-rata limbah medis yang dihasilkan di Rumah Sakit Daerah Madani Palu selama 8 hari yaitu sebanyak 27,5 Kg/hari. volume rata-rata limbah medis yang dihasilkan sebanyak 171,5 ℓ/hari. Kesimpulan: Berat rata-rata limbah medis yang dihasilkan di Rumah Sakit Daerah Madani Palu sebanyak 27,5 Kg/hari, dan volume rata-rata limbah medis yang dihasilkan sebanyak 171,5 ℓ/hari.
Penerapan Perawatan Kaki Dan Kuku Terhadap Peningkatan Sirkulasi Perifer Pada Penderita Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI)
Authors: Fantri Nurfantri , Saranani Muhaimin , Iriani Iluh 
Published: August 2023

Background . Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is the most severe stages disease vessels blood chronic , oriented CLI management on effort to anticipate doing amputation by pushing a severe infection happens on wound and healing the wound easier. One wrong possible intervention done to increase peripheral circulation and prevent the occurance of amputation consequence on severe infection is circulation maintenance. Purpose Describe feet application and nail care _ enhancement of peripheral circulation to fill a need safety of patients with Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI) . Method : This is a descriptive study uses a study case approach with a Nursing process approach . Subject of the study was one participant . Results the client felt painful on the feet , it started by feeling numb and cold on her left toes, then purple spots and several days later the spots were changed to be black and widespread to her calf . cold acral, nursing diagnosis enforced impaired peripheral tissue perfusion. Nursing Intervention: feet and nail care, Evaluation: decreased pain scale, increased muscle strength, changed in acral temperature and no changed in capillary refill. Conclusion : Giving circulation maintenance on client Mrs. S with CLI (Critical Limb Ischemia) for 5 days management was effective because on the fifth day client said painful on her left lower extremity decreased so that she could move , and client said she felt comfortable and relax after washing and cleaning her feet using warm water , soap , body lotion and cuting her toenails.
Keywords : CLI, foot care , peripheral circulation, pain
Pengaruh Teknik Relaksasi Napas Dalam Terhadap Nyeri Post Sectio Caesarea di RSUD Rupit
Authors: Herdiani Tria Nopi , Fitriani Desi 
Published: August 2023

Introduction : Labor by Sectio Caesarea, the mother will experience mild to severe pain. Pain will cause feelings of discomfort, if this is not addressed immediately it will interfere with the healing process and in an effort to reduce pain in caesarean section patients, one of them is using deep breathing relaxation techniques that can reduce the pain scale in post Sectio Caesarea.The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques on post sectio caesarea pain in Rupit Hospital. Method : This study uses a pre-experimental research design with a one group pretest posttest design. The population of this study were all postoperative sectio caesarea patients who received treatment in the Aster Room of Rupit Hospital. Sampling using purposive sampling in this study a sample of 20 postoperative sectio caesarea patients. The data in this study are primary data using a pain scale sheet and secondary data using patient medical records. Hypothesis prereqisite test using Shapiro Wilk test. The hypothesis test used is the Paired Sample T-Test. Result : from univariate data obtained an image of post sectio caesarea the average pain before being given deep breathing relaxation techniques was 5.30 and after being given deep breathing relaxation techniques 2.85. From the bivariate data on the normality test of the pain scale before and after deep breathing relaxation (p > 0.05), the data were normally distributed. And the Paired Sample T-Test hypothesis test found p-value < 0.000. Conclusion : there is an effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques on post sectio caesarea pain in Rupit Hospital.
RETRACTED: Spectroscopic and molecular modeling studies of binding interaction between the new complex of yttrium and 1,10-phenanthroline derivatives with DNA and BSA
Authors: Khorshidi Mahsa , Asadpour Saeid , Aramesh-Boroujeni Zahra , Kooravand Masoumeh , Mobini Dehkordi Maryam 
Published: August 2023

In this study, the 4,9 diazafluoren-9-one ligand and [Y(Daf)2Cl3.OH2] complex were synthesized. The interaction of this complex with DNA and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The molecular docking method was used to confirm the experimental results, investigate the type of interaction, and determine the binding site. The binding constant and Stern–Volmer constant were calculated using spectroscopy techniques. The binding constant of the Y-complex with DNA and BSA obtained using the UV-vis technique was 1.61 × 105 M−1 and 0.49 × 105 M−1, while that obtained using the fluorescence method was 3.39 × 105 M−1 and 3.63 × 105 M−1, respectively. The results of experimental and theoretical data showed that the interaction between the yttrium complex and DNA and BSA is driven by the hydrogen bond and van der Waals interaction, respectively. The yttrium complex communicates with DNA via the groove interaction. This complex has high binding energy with bovine serum albumin. In addition, the molecular docking results showed that the complex binds to the IIA subdomain of BSA (site I). Finally, anticancer activity of the yttrium complex was studied on MCF-7 and A549 cell lines by using the MTT method. The IC50 values obtained showed that the yttrium complex possesses anticancer activity.
Boosting the inherent activity of NiFe layered double hydroxide via erbium incorporation for water oxidation
Authors: Yang Jitao , Yang Yibin 
Published: August 2023

Enhancing the inherent activity of transition metal-based compounds involving Ni and Fe for the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of vital importance, especially NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH). Here, we doped erbium (Er) into NiFe LDH (Er–NiFe LDH) nanostructures using simple liquid-phase synthesis. The OER activity tests at the same mass loading demonstrated that Er–NiFe LDH has a smaller overpotential and lower Tafel slope than undoped NiFe LDH and commercial RuO2 powders, needing only a small overpotential of 243 mV to achieve a constant current at 10 mA cm-2. Additionally, Er–NiFe LDH was grown in situ on hydrophilic carbon paper substrates (Er–NiFe LDH@CP) to fabricate a three-dimensional (3D) electrode with large catalyst loading, which is favorable for analyzing the stability of morphology structure and elementary components after OER measurement. The galvanostatic measurement suggested that the Er–NiFe LDH@CP electrode possess higher electrochemical durability than a modified glassy carbon electrode due to the stronger mechanical binding between Er–NiFe LDH nanostructures and carbon paper substrate. More importantly, physical characterizations (e.g., SEM and XPS) revealed that Er–NiFe LDH has an excellent stability of morphology, and Ni, Fe, and Er still exist on the catalyst 24 h after the operation. This work provides an effective way for improving the inherent catalytic activity and stability of polymetallic OER catalysts in the future.
Preparation and properties of lightweight and high-strength building ceramsites with oil-based drilling cuttings pyrolysis residues
Authors: Wang Hongjuan , Li Jing , Lin Dong , Jiang Guobing , Zhao Liang , Yu Jinlei , Meng Tian , Huang Xinyu , Liu Hongwu , Yang Yuanyi 
Published: August 2023

With the continuing advancement in China’s exploration and development technologies of shale gas resources, there was a significant increase in shale gas oil-based drilling cuttings. In this paper, oil-based drilling cutting pyrolysis residues (ODCPRs) was used as the main raw material for preparing lightweight and high-strength building ceramsites to eliminate the environmental risks and recycle industrial waste. Firstly, orthogonal experiments were used to study the influences of raw material composition, preheating temperature, preheating time, sintering temperature, and sintering time on the properties of building ceramsites. From the results, the sintering temperature and the content of ODCPRs were discovered to be the key factors affecting the sintering process of ceramsites. Secondly, the influences of sintering temperature and heating rate on the properties of building ceramists were further explored to find the optimum sintering conditions. When the content of ODCPRs in the ceramsite was set to be 50%, the obtained building ceramsites presented excellent properties with particle compressive strength of 6.31 MPa, bulk density of 575.11 kg/m3, apparent density of 1097.24 kg/m3, and the water absorption of 1.89%. Finally, XRD, SEM, TG-DSC, and heavy metal leaching experiments were comprehensively conducted to analyze the composition structure variation and sintering mechanism of the building ceramsite. This paper presents an approach for the recycling, utilization, and disposal of oil-based drilling cuttings in the oil field waste management.
Accuracy of the FY-L formula in calculating intraocular lens power after small-incision lenticule extraction
Authors: Hu Yingfeng , Lin Liqun , Zeng Danqi , Wang Yan , Zhang Rong , Zhang Zhe , Wang Zheng , Zhang Guangbin , Ye Xiangyu 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThe study aimed to assess the accuracy of the FY-L formula in calculating intraocular lens (IOL) power after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE).MethodsFor the post-SMILE IOL calculation of the same eye, the IOL power targeting the pre-SMILE eyes' lowest myopic refractive error was used. The FY-L formula, the Emmetropia Verifying Optical Formula (EVO-L), the Barrett True-K no history, and the Shammas-L, respectively, were used to calculate the predicted refractive error of target IOL power. A comparison was made between the change in spherical equivalent induced by SMILE (SMILE-Dif) and the variance between IOL-Dif (IOL-Induced Refractive Error) before and after SMILE. The prediction error (PE) was defined as SMILE-Dif minus IOL-Dif. The proportion of eyes with PEs within ±0.25 D, ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D, the numerical and absolute prediction errors (PEs and AEs), and the median absolute error (MedAE) were compared.ResultsIn total, 80 eyes from 42 patients who underwent SMILE were included in the study. The FY-L formula generated the sample's lowest mean PE (0.06 ± 0.76 D), MAE (0.58 ± 0.50 D), and MedAE (0.47 D), respectively. The PEs in ±0.25 D, ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D comprised 28.8%, 46.3%, 70.0%, and 87.5%, respectively, for the FY-L formula. Compared to other formulas, the FY-L formula produced the highest value with PEs for the percentage of eyes in ±0.50 D, ±0.75 D, and ±1.00 D.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the FY-L formula provides satisfactory outcomes in estimating the IOL power in the eyes after SMILE.
Obesity is associated with pain and impaired mobility despite therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Borg Alexander , Lindblom Julius , Gomez Alvaro , Soltani Ameneh , Enman Yvonne , Heintz Emelie , Regardt Malin , Grannas David , Emamikia Sharzad , Parodis Ioannis 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate whether abnormal BMI is associated with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) impairments, defined as patient-reported problems within the different dimensions of the three-level EQ-5D (EQ-5D-3L), before and after treatment for active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Patients and methodsWe conducted a post-hoc analysis of data from two phase III clinical trials of belimumab in SLE, i.e., BLISS-52 (n = 865) and BLISS-76 (n = 819). Underweight was defined as BMI &lt;18.5 kg/m2, normal weight as BMI ≥18.5 but &lt;25 kg/m2, pre-obesity as BMI ≥25 but &lt;30 kg/m2, and obesity as BMI ≥30 kg/m2. We investigated associations between BMI groups and problems (level 2 or 3) within each one of the five EQ-5D dimensions before treatment initiation and at week 52, using logistic regression analysis adjusting for age, ethnicity, disease activity, and glucocorticoid dose, and for the post-treatment analysis also for belimumab treatment and baseline EQ-5D-3L responses.ResultsOf 1,684 patients included, 73 (4%) were classified as underweight, 850 (50%) as normal weight, 438 (26%) as pre-obese, and 323 (19%) as obese. At baseline, obesity was associated with mild to severe problems in all EQ-5D dimensions (p &lt; 0.05 for all), yielding the strongest association with problems in mobility (adjusted odds ratio, aOR: 2.1; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.6–2.8; p &lt; 0.001). Pre-obesity was also associated with problems in mobility (aOR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.1–1.8; p = 0.005). Post-intervention, obesity was associated with problems in mobility and pain/discomfort, and pre-obesity with problems in mobility and self-care (p &lt; 0.05 for all).ConclusionOur study adds to the evidence that high BMI negatively affects SLE patients’ HRQoL, with obesity being associated with pain and impaired mobility despite therapy.