bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide temperature-sensitivity of Polycomb group regulation and reduction thereof in temperate Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Voigt Susanne , Froschauer Christin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Epigenetic regulation varies with the environment. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, environmental temperature can affect chromatin-based gene regulation. Genes regulated by the Polycomb group can vary in their transcriptional output in response to changes in temperature, which typically increases with decreasing temperature. Here, we studied temperature-sensitive expression of Polycomb group target genes on a genome-wide scale, as well as temperature-sensitive enrichment of two histone modifications associated with the regulation of Polycomb group target genes, H3K27me3 and H3K4me3. We investigated temperature-sensitivity in adult flies, and possible differences thereof between populations adapted to temperate and tropical climates. Compared to genes not targeted by the Polycomb group, an elevated number of target genes showed higher expression at the lower temperature, as it is typically observed for Polycomb group regulation. Many of the Polycomb group target genes also exhibited temperature-sensitive H3K4me3 enrichment in the same direction, and the H3K4me3 temperature response correlated positively with that of expression. A small set of target sites also showed temperature-sensitive enrichment of H3K27me3, again with a higher proportion corresponding to increased transcriptional activation at the lower temperature. Overall, higher transcriptional activity at lower temperature was less pronounced in males compared to females, and in temperate compared to tropical flies. Possible trans- and cis-acting factors responsible for reduced expression plasticity in temperate flies were identified, including factors belonging to the Trithorax group and insulator binding proteins, respectively.
Topological equivalence of linear time-varying control systems
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Zhixiong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we mainly studied the topological equivalence of linear time-varying (LTV) control system $\dot{x}\left ( t\right )=A(t)x(t)+B(t)u(t)$ defined on an interval $I \subset \mathbb{R}^{+}$. After giving a new definition of the topological equivalence, we investigated the local equivalence of LTV control systems under two new hypotheses. These hypotheses were made by the local behavior of Krylov indices (which turned out to be controllability indices for the linear time-invariant (LTI) control systems). It was found out that Krylov indices play an important role in the classification problem of LTV control systems. Compared with our former work on the topological equivalence of LTI control systems, new methods and techniques were taken to deal with new difficulties occurred for LTV control systems.
Effects of early intermittent maternal separation on behavior, physiological, and growth performance in piglets
Authors: Cheng Zheng , Zhou Si-Tong , Zhang Xiao-Hong , Fu Qin , Yang Yue , Ji Wen-Bo , Liu Hong-Gui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In pig production, the management of piglets by batch lactation due to the increase in litter sizes of sows may result in intermittent early neonatal maternal separation (NMS). We speculated that NMS may affect the piglets cognitive growth performance and health. To determine the extent of the effect, 12 litters of crossbred piglets (Large White × Duroc × Min-pig) were used in this trial. Piglets in the control (Con) group (n = 6) were given a standard feeding method during lactation. Piglets in the experimental group (n = 6) were subjected to the NMS model, in which sows were led out of the enclosure with food every day (8:00–11:00 and 13:00–16:00) starting from postnatal day (PND) 7. During the separation, the piglets were supplemented with milk. All experimental piglets were weaned on PND 35. The piglets were observed for aggression, play, mutual sniffing, and exploratory behavior on PNDs 7, 8, 21, 22, 34, 35, 38, 39, 51, 52, 64, and 65. Physiological indicators, namely serum adrenaline, cortisol, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured on PNDs 35, 38, and 65, while piglet growth performance was evaluated during suckling and 1 month after weaning. The results showed that aggressive behavior in the MS group was significantly higher than that in the Con group (P &lt; 0.05). Playful and mutual sniffing behaviors in the MS group were significantly lower than those in the Con group except for PNDs 38 and 39 (P &lt; 0.05). Active exploratory behavior in the MS group was significantly higher than that in the Con group on PNDs 7 and 8, and PNDs 21 and 22 (P &lt; 0.05). The frequency of belly-nosing behavior was significantly higher in the MS group than that in the Con group except for PNDs 64 and 65 (P &lt; 0.05). Compared with the Con group, epinephrine, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α concentrations on PNDs 35, 38, and 65 were significantly increased in the MS group (P &lt; 0.01), while IL-4 concentration was significantly decreased (PND 35: P &lt; 0.05; PNDs 38 and 65: P &lt; 0.01). Compared with the Con group, the piglet diarrhea rate in the MS group during suckling was significantly increased (P &lt; 0.01), the weaning weight was significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.05), and it had no significant effect on the body weight at the end of the trial (P &gt; 0.05). In conclusion, the early intermittent NMS created stress and affected the growth performance of piglets during suckling. However, the growth rate was improved by compensatory measures during late weaning.
Structural insights into recognition of SL4, the UUCG stem-loop, of human U1 snRNA by the ubiquitin-like domain, including the C-terminal tail in the SF3A1 subunit of U2 snRNP
Authors: Nameki Nobukazu , Terawaki Shin-ichi , Takizawa Masayuki , Kitamura Madoka , Muto Yutaka , Kuwasako Kanako 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The pre-spliceosomal complex involves interactions between U1 and U2 snRNPs, where a ubiquitin-like domain (ULD) of SF3A1, a component of U2 snRNP, binds to the stem-loop 4 (SL4; the UUCG tetraloop) of U1 snRNA in U1 snRNP. Here, we reported the 1.80 Å crystal structure of human SF3A1 ULD (ULDSF3A1) complexed with SL4. The structural part of ULDSF3A1 (res. 704–785) adopts a typical β-grasp fold with a topology of β1-β2-α1-310a-β3-β4-310b-β5, closely resembling that of ubiquitin, except for the length and structure of the β1/β2 loop. A patch on the surface formed by three ULDSF3A1-specific residues, Lys756 (β3), Phe763 (β4) and Lys765 (following β4), contacts the canonical UUCG tetraloop structure. In contrast, the directly following C-terminal tail composed of 786KERGGRKK793 was essentially stretched. The main or side chains of all the residues interacted with the major groove of the stem helix; the RGG residues adopted a peculiar conformation for RNA recognition. These findings were confirmed by mutational studies using bio-layer interferometry. Collectively, a unique combination of the β-grasp fold and the C-terminal tail constituting ULDSF3A1 is required for the SL4-specific binding. This interaction mode also suggests that putative post-translational modifications, including ubiquitination in ULDSF3A1, directly inhibit SL4 binding.
Ferroptosis model system by the re-expression of BACH1
Authors: Irikura Riko , Nishizawa Hironari , Nakajima Kazuma , Yamanaka Mie , Chen Guan , Tanaka Kozo , Onodera Masafumi , Matsumoto Mitsuyo , Igarashi Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Ferroptosis is a regulated cell death induced by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The heme-responsive transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) promotes ferroptosis by repressing the transcription of genes involved in glutathione (GSH) synthesis and intracellular labile iron metabolism, which are key regulatory pathways in ferroptosis. We found that BACH1 re-expression in Bach1−/− immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEFs) can induce ferroptosis upon 2-mercaptoethanol removal, without any ferroptosis inducers. In these iMEFs, GSH synthesis was reduced, and intracellular labile iron levels were increased upon BACH1 re-expression. We used this system to investigate whether the major ferroptosis regulators glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 2 (Aifm2), the gene for ferroptosis suppressor protein 1, are target genes of BACH1. Neither Gpx4 nor Aifm2 was regulated by BACH1 in the iMEFs. However, we found that BACH1 represses AIFM2 transcription in human pancreatic cancer cells. These results suggest that the ferroptosis regulators targeted by BACH1 may vary across different cell types and animal species. Furthermore, we confirmed that the ferroptosis induced by BACH1 re-expression exhibited a propagating effect. BACH1 re-expression represents a new strategy for inducing ferroptosis after GPX4 or system Xc− suppression and is expected to contribute to future ferroptosis research.
Climate change impacts on the potential worldwide distribution of the soybean pest, Piezodorus guildinii (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Chen Juhong , Jiang Kun , Wang Shujing , Li Yanfei , Zhang Yaoyao , Tang Zechen , Bu Wenjun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The redbanded stink bug, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood, 1837), is a highly destructive soybean pest native to the Neotropical Region. In the past 60 yr, P. guildinii has been observed to expand its distribution in North and South America, causing significant soybean yield losses. In order to predict the future distribution direction of P. guildinii and create an effective pest control strategy, we projected the potential global distribution of P. guildinii using 2 different emission scenarios, Shared Socioeconomic Pathways 126 and 585, and 3 Earth system models, with the maximum entropy niche model (MaxEnt). Then, the predicted distribution areas of P. guildinii were jointly analyzed with the main soybean-producing areas to assess the impact for different soybean region. Our results showed that temperature is the main environmental factor limiting the distribution of P. guildinii. Under present climate conditions, all continents except Antarctica have suitable habitat for P. guildinii. These suitable habitats overlap with approximately 45.11% of the total global cultivated soybean areas. Moreover, P. guildinii was predicted to expand its range in the future, particularly into higher latitudes in the Northern hemisphere. Countries, in particular the United States, where soybean is widely available, would face a management challenge under global warming. In addition, China and India are also high-risk countries that may be invaded and should take strict quarantine measures. The maps of projected distribution produced in this study may prove useful in the future management of P. guildinii and the containment of its disruptive effects.
Clinical characteristics of primary cutaneous and subcutaneous Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Aiba Hisaki , Kojima Yuki , Shimoi Tatsunori , Sudo Kazuki , Yazaki Shu , Imai Toru , Yoshida Akihiko , Iwata Shintaro , Kobayashi Eisuke , Kawai Akira , Arakawa Ayumu , Ogawa Chitose , Kimura Hiroaki , Yonemori Kan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
Given the rarity of cutaneous/subcutaneous Ewing sarcoma, their clinical characteristics remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to analyse the clinical characteristics of patients with cutaneous/subcutaneous Ewing sarcoma and review the treatment strategy.

Methods
We reviewed the clinical data of 154 patients with Ewing sarcoma who were treated at our hospital between 2005 and 2019. Amongst these patients, 21 patients with cutaneous/subcutaneous Ewing sarcoma were analysed. As a basic strategy, patients with localized disease received intensive chemotherapy (vincristine–doxorubicin–cyclophosphamide/ifosfamide–etoposide), followed by definitive surgery with or without radiotherapy. In total, 15 patients underwent pre-diagnostic resection with macroscopic residue (seven patients) or non-macroscopic residue (eight patients) before intensive chemotherapy.

Results
The median tumour length of the measurable lesions was 3.2 cm, and the ratio of metastasis was significantly lower than the Ewing sarcoma of other anatomical sites (10% vs. 37%, P = 0.013). Despite the pre-diagnostic resection, local recurrence after additional resection and/or adjuvant radiotherapy did not occur in any of the patients with localized disease. Overall survival was significantly higher in patients with cutaneous/subcutaneous Ewing sarcoma than in patients with Ewing sarcoma of other anatomical sites (hazard ratio = 0.33, P = 0.013). The event-free survival rate of cutaneous/subcutaneous Ewing sarcoma was also superior to that of Ewing sarcoma of other anatomical sites (hazard ratio = 0.35, P = 0.01).

Conclusions
Patients with cutaneous/subcutaneous Ewing sarcoma may have better prognosis than those with Ewing sarcoma at other anatomical sites. Although pre-diagnostic resection without appropriate investigations is not recommended, local control may be recovered by using a combination of additional resection, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
Wind-assisted high-altitude dispersal of mosquitoes and other insects in East Africa
Authors: Atieli Harrysone E , Zhou Guofa , Zhong Daibin , Wang Xiaoming , Lee Ming-chieh , Yaro Alpha S , Diallo Moussa , Githure John , Kazura James , Lehmann Tovi , Yan Guiyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKnowledge of insect dispersal is relevant to the control of agricultural pests, vector-borne transmission of human and veterinary pathogens, and insect biodiversity. Previous studies in a malaria endemic area of the Sahel region in West Africa revealed high-altitude, long-distance migration of insects and various mosquito species. The objective of the current study was to assess whether similar behavior is exhibited by mosquitoes and other insects around the Lake Victoria basin region of Kenya in East Africa. Insects were sampled monthly from dusk to dawn over 1 year using sticky nets suspended on a tethered helium-filled balloon. A total of 17,883 insects were caught on nets tethered at 90, 120, and 160 m above ground level; 818 insects were caught in control nets. Small insects (&lt;0.5 cm, n = 15,250) were predominant regardless of height compared with large insects (&gt;0.5 cm, n = 2,334) and mosquitoes (n = 299). Seven orders were identified; dipteran was the most common. Barcoding molecular assays of 184 mosquitoes identified 7 genera, with Culex being the most common (65.8%) and Anopheles being the least common (5.4%). The survival rate of mosquitoes, experimentally exposed to high-altitude overnight, was significantly lower than controls maintained in the laboratory (19% vs. 85%). There were no significant differences in mosquito survival and oviposition rate according to capture height. These data suggest that windborne dispersal activity of mosquito vectors of malaria and other diseases occurs on a broad scale in sub-Saharan Africa.
A multivariate pseudo-likelihood approach to estimating directional ocean wave models
Authors: Grainger Jake P , Sykulski Adam M , Ewans Kevin , Hansen Hans F , Jonathan Philip 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBuoy data in the form of multivariate time series are routinely recorded at many locations in the world’s oceans. Such data can help characterise the ocean wavefield by modelling the frequency-direction spectrum. State-of-the-art methods for estimating the parameters of such models do not make use of the full spatiotemporal content of the buoy observations due to unnecessary assumptions and smoothing. We explain how the multivariate debiased Whittle likelihood can be used to jointly estimate all parameters of such frequency-direction spectra directly from recorded time series. We apply the method to North Sea buoy data and discuss challenging practical issues.
Estimating subject-specific hazard functions
Authors: Chatterjee Moumita , Ganguli Bhaswati , Sen Roy Sugata 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe central idea of this paper is to compare mean responses of several subjects in the presence of censoring and subject-specific variation. We develop a semiparametric mixed model for fitting subject-specific hazard curves to a set of censored failure times. A spline-based model and a mixed effects framework for smoothing are used. Efficient estimators of fixed parameters and predictors of the random components are derived and their asymptotic properties studied. This is a generalization of the method proposed by [Cai, T., Hyndman, R. J., & Wand, M. P. (2002). Mixed model-based hazard estimation. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics, 11(4), 784–798. https://doi.org/10.1198/106186002862] to incorporate additional subject-specific variation of the hazard function. The results are illustrated using two motivating examples.
Interleukin 10, but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha, gene variations are associated with factor VII inhibitor development
Authors: Ramezanpour Nahid , Khanaki Korosh , Dorgalaleh Akbar , Shams Mahmood , Elmi Ali , Zaker Farhad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
Development of alloantibodies against coagulation factor VII (FVII) is the main therapeutic challenge in severe congenital FVII deficiency. About 7% of patients with severe congenital FVII deficiency develop an inhibitor against FVII. In this research, the relationship between interleukin (IL)-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-α gene variants and inhibitor development was evaluated for a group of Iranian patients with severe congenital factor VII deficiency.

Methods
Patients with FVII deficiency were divided into 2 groups: 6 cases and 15 controls. Genotyping was performed using the amplification-refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction.

Results
We found that IL-10 rs1800896 A&gt;G gene variant is associated with the risk of FVII inhibitor development (OR = 0.077, 95% CI = 0.016–0.380, P = .001), whereas the TNFα-rs1800629G&gt;A variant has no relation with inhibitor development in severe FVII deficiency.

Conclusion
The results show that the IL-10 rs1800896 A&gt;G variant increases the risk of developing an inhibitor in patients with severe congenital FVII deficiency.
Optimization of laboratory diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia using HemosIL-AcuStar-HIT-IgG assay
Authors: Tucker Catherine M , Rhoades Ruben , Sharma Ruchika , Gong Jerald Z 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to determine an optimal cutoff value for the newly available HemosIL-AcuStar-HIT-IgG assay (AcuStar) for the diagnosis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).

Method
We evaluated the performance of AcuStar using serotonin release assay (SRA) as the gold standard and incorporated 4T score calculation in a cohort of suspected HIT cases. Statistical analysis was performed to determine optimal cutoff value for the diagnosis of HIT.

Result
A diagnosis of HIT can be excluded with a platelet factor 4 (PF4) value of &lt;0.4 U/mL by AcuStar and 4T score in the low-risk category (≤3). All other cases will require confirmation with a functional test.

Conclusion
Our study resulted in the implementation of a diagnostic algorithm for laboratory diagnosis of HIT, which incorporates pretest calculation of 4T score and AcuStar as a screening test, with reflex confirmation by SRA. This new algorithm resulted in extended hours of test availability and a more rapid turnaround time in reporting PF4 results.
Slowly drifting radio fibres
Authors: Chernov G P , Fomichev V V 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The fine structure in the continuum radiation of type IV solar radio bursts is very rich in various structures (zebra structure, fibres, pulsations, spikes, etc.). So far, however, no attention has been paid to the isolated fibres that occasionally appear in the metre and decimetre ranges. Here we give and discuss examples of the dynamic spectra of such bursts obtained many years ago (in the metre waveband from 1969) as well in recent years (in the decimetre and microwave wavebands from 2003–2013). Isolated fibres are observed mostly in the decimetre range (although there are examples in both the metre and microwave ranges), and they reveal a number of features of classical fibre bursts. As a generation mechanism for such fibres, the process of interaction of whistlers with Langmuir plasmons was suggested. An analysis of conditions for the realization of this process in solar magnetic arch structures and its efficiency was carried out. Estimates of the intensity of low-frequency turbulence (whistlers) and magnetic field strength in the solar corona were obtained using the data of radio fibres.
Women, Hospitality and The Intimate Politics of International Socialism, 1955–1965
Authors: Lewis Su Lin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the 1950s, a commitment to democratic socialism connected networks of intellectuals, activists and political operators in both Europe and Asia. Many of these were women, who built informal and intimate networks of solidarity that underpinned the movement. The rich set of correspondence between European and Asian socialist women speaks to their role as connectors of global and local civil society within international socialist circuits. It also indicates the importance of friendship, mobility and hospitality as a crucial factor in sustaining such networks, as well as building the trust that facilitated the exchange of subversive information. While Asia was seen as the great hope of international socialism in the 1950s, by the middle of the 1960s, many of its socialist parties had imploded, pointing to the limits of international socialism for Asian women amidst global anti-communism and the rise of authoritarian states. Transnational socialist networks nonetheless helped further both European and Asian women’s campaigns for gender equality, development and democratic socialism in decolonizing Asia, adding vital new dimensions to the history of internationalism.