bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived compassionate care and associated factors among patients with mental illness at Tibebe Ghion specialized and Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Abate Agmas Wassie , Menberu Melak , Belete Habte , Ergetie Temesgen , Teshome Assefa Agegnehu , Chekol Aklile Tsega , Aschale Mastewal , Desalegn Wondimnew 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Compassion is the first ethical principle of health care to provide high- quality care that influences patient satisfaction and treatment outcome. However, there is limited data on the level of compassionate mental health care practice in low-resource countries like Ethiopia.

Objectives
This study aimed to assess the level of perceived compassionate care and associated factors among patients with mental illness at Tibebe Ghion specialized and Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized hospital, North West, Ethiopia, 2022.

Methods
An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from June 18 to July 16, 2022, at Tibebe Ghion Specialized and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was used. The level of perceived compassionate care was assessed by the validated 12-item Schwartz Center Compassionate Care Scale among 423 patients with mental illness. Epicollect-5 was used to collect data, which was then exported to the Statistical Product and Service solution version 25 for analysis. Variables with a P-value < 0.05, and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to declare significant variables at the multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Result
The level of perceived good compassionate care was 47.5% (95% CI 42.6%-52.4%). Factors including urban residence (AOR = 1.90; 95%CI 1.08–3.36), duration of illness < 24 months (AOR = 2.68; 95% CI 1.27–5.65), strong social support (AOR = 4.43; 95%CI 2.16–9.10), shared decision making (AOR = 3.93; 95% CI 2.27–6.81), low perceived stigma(AOR = 2.97; 95% CI 1.54–5.72) and low patient anticipated stigma (AOR = 2.92; 95% CI 1.56–5.48) were positively associated with good compassionate care.

Conclusion and recommendation
Less than half of the patients had received good compassionate care. Compassionate mental health care needs public health attention. Policymakers should emphasize on compassionate care continuity by including it in the health care curriculum and design appropriate policies to strengthen compassionate care.
Construction and verification of atopic dermatitis diagnostic model based on pyroptosis related biological markers using machine learning methods
Authors: Wu Wenfeng , Chen Gaofei , Zhang Zexin , He Meixing , Li Hongyi , Yan Fenggen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to construct a model used for the accurate diagnosis of Atopic dermatitis (AD) using pyroptosis related biological markers (PRBMs) through the methods of machine learning.

Method
The pyroptosis related genes (PRGs) were acquired from molecular signatures database (MSigDB). The chip data of GSE120721, GSE6012, GSE32924, and GSE153007 were downloaded from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. The data of GSE120721 and GSE6012 were combined as the training group, while the others were served as the testing groups. Subsequently, the expression of PRGs was extracted from the training group and differentially expressed analysis was conducted. CIBERSORT algorithm calculated the immune cells infiltration and differentially expressed analysis was conducted. Consistent cluster analysis divided AD patients into different modules according to the expression levels of PRGs. Then, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) screened the key module. For the key module, we used Random forest (RF), support vector machines (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), and generalized linear model (GLM) to construct diagnostic models. For the five PRBMs with the highest model importance, we built a nomogram. Finally, the results of the model were validated using GSE32924, and GSE153007 datasets.

Results
Nine PRGs were significant differences in normal humans and AD patients. Immune cells infiltration showed that the activated CD4+ memory T cells and Dendritic cells (DCs) were significantly higher in AD patients than normal humans, while the activated natural killer (NK) cells and the resting mast cells were significantly lower in AD patients than normal humans. Consistent cluster analysis divided the expressing matrix into 2 modules. Subsequently, WGCNA analysis showed that the turquoise module had a significant difference and high correlation coefficient. Then, the machine model was constructed and the results showed that the XGB model was the optimal model. The nomogram was constructed by using HDAC1, GPALPP1, LGALS3, SLC29A1, and RWDD3 five PRBMs. Finally, the datasets GSE32924 and GSE153007 verified the reliability of this result.

Conclusions
The XGB model based on five PRBMs can be used for the accurate diagnosis of AD patients.
Association of dynamic change of triglyceride-glucose index during hospital stay with all-cause mortality in critically ill patients: a retrospective cohort study from MIMIC IV2.0
Authors: Cheng Long , Zhang Feng , Xue Wenjing , Yu Peng , Wang Xiaoyan , Wang Hairong , Wang Jun , Hu Tianyang , Gong Hui , Lin Li 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Biomarker of insulin resistance, namely triglyceride-glucose index, is potentially useful in identifying critically ill patients at high risk of hospital death. However, the TyG index might have variations over time during ICU stay. Hence, the purpose of the current research was to verify the associations between the dynamic change of the TyG index during the hospital stay and all-cause mortality.

Methods
The present retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV 2.0 (MIMIC-IV) critical care dataset, which included data from 8835 patients with 13,674 TyG measurements. The primary endpoint was 1-year all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital all-cause mortality, the need for mechanical ventilation during hospitalization, length of stay in the hospital. Cumulative curves were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Propensity score matching was performed to reduce any potential baseline bias. Restricted cubic spline analysis was also employed to assess any potential non-linear associations. Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed to examine the association between the dynamic change of TyG index and mortality.

Results
The follow-up period identified a total of 3010 all-cause deaths (35.87%), of which 2477 (29.52%) occurred within the first year. The cumulative incidence of all-cause death increased with a higher quartile of the TyGVR, while there were no differences in the TyG index. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a nearly linear association between TyGVR and the risk of in-hospital all-cause mortality (P for non-linear = 0.449, P for overall = 0.004) as well as 1-year all-cause mortality (P for non-linear = 0.909, P for overall = 0.019). The area under the curve of all-cause mortality by various conventional severity of illness scores significantly improved with the addition of the TyG index and TyGVR. The results were basically consistent in subgroup analysis.

Conclusions
Dynamic change of TyG during hospital stay is associated with in-hospital and 1-year all-cause mortality, and may be superior to the effect of baseline TyG index.
High FAAP24 expression reveals poor prognosis and an immunosuppressive microenvironment shaping in AML
Authors: Bao Xiebing , Chi Jingyun , Zhu Yiwei , Yang Minfeng , Du Jiahui , Tang Zaixiang , Xu Xiaogang , Mao Genxiang , Wu Zhibing , Chen Jun , Hua Jingsheng , Xu Ting , Liu Song-Bai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
As a core member of the FA complex, in the Fanconi anemia pathway, FAAP24 plays an important role in DNA damage repair. However, the association between FAAP24 and patient prognosis in AML and immune infiltration remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore its expression characteristics, immune infiltration pattern, prognostic value and biological function using TCGA-AML and to verify it in the Beat AML cohort.

Methods
In this study, we examined the expression and prognostic value of FAAP24 across cancers using data from TCGA, TARGET, GTEx, and GEPIA2. To further investigate the prognosis in AML, development and validation of a nomogram containing FAAP24 were performed. GO/KEGG, ssGSEA, GSVA and xCell were utilized to explore the functional enrichment and immunological features of FAAP24 in AML. Drug sensitivity analysis used data from the CellMiner website, and the results were confirmed in vitro.

Results
Integrated analysis of the TCGA, TARGET and GTEx databases showed that FAAP24 is upregulated in AML; meanwhile, high FAAP24 expression was associated with poor prognosis according to GEPIA2. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed that FAAP24 is implicated in pathways involved in DNA damage repair, the cell cycle and cancer. Components of the immune microenvironment using xCell indicate that FAAP24 shapes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) in AML, which helps to promote AML progression. Drug sensitivity analysis showed a significant correlation between high FAAP24 expression and chelerythrine resistance. In conclusion, FAAP24 could serve as a novel prognostic biomarker and play an immunomodulatory role in AML.

Conclusions
In summary, FAAP24 is a promising prognostic biomarker in AML that requires further exploration and confirmation.
Therapeutic efficacy of pyronaridine-artesunate (Pyramax®) against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum infection at Hamusit Health Centre, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Alebachew Mihreteab , Gelaye Woyneshet , Abate Megbaru Alemu , Sime Heven , Hailgiorgis Henok , Gidey Bokretsion , Haile Mebrahtom , Assefa Gudissa , Bekele Worku , Belay Habtamu , Parr Jonathan B. , Tasew Geremew , Mohammed Hussein , Assefa Ashenafi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Early case detection and prompt treatment are important malaria control and elimination strategies. However, the emergence and rapid spread of drug-resistant strains present a major challenge. This study reports the first therapeutic efficacy profile of pyronaridine-artesunate against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum in Northwest Ethiopia.

Methods
This single-arm prospective study with 42-day follow-up period was conducted from March to May 2021 at Hamusit Health Centre using the World Health Organization (WHO) therapeutic efficacy study protocol. A total of 90 adults ages 18 and older with uncomplicated falciparum malaria consented and were enrolled in the study. A standard single-dose regimen of pyronaridine-artesunate was administered daily for 3 days, and clinical and parasitological outcomes were assessed over 42 days of follow-up. Thick and thin blood films were prepared from capillary blood and examined using light microscopy. Haemoglobin was measured and dried blood spots were collected on day 0 and on the day of failure.

Results
Out of 90 patients, 86/90 (95.6%) completed the 42-day follow-up study period. The overall PCR-corrected cure rate (adequate clinical and parasitological response) was very high at 86/87 (98.9%) (95% CI: 92.2–99.8%) with no serious adverse events. The parasite clearance rate was high with fast resolution of clinical symptoms; 86/90 (95.6%) and 100% of the study participants cleared parasitaemia and fever on day 3, respectively.

Conclusion
Pyronaridine-artesunate was highly efficacious and safe against uncomplicated P. falciparum in this study population.
DHA supplementation and pregnancy complications
Authors: Jiang Yi , Chen Yuting , Wei Lijie , Zhang Huiting , Zhang Jingyi , Zhou Xuan , Zhu Shenglan , Du Yuanyuan , Su Rui , Fang Chenyun , Ding Wencheng , Feng Ling 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDocosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation is recommended for women during pregnancy because of its neurological, visual, and cognitive effects. Previous studies have suggested that DHA supplementation during pregnancy may prevent and treat certain pregnancy complications. However, there are contradictions in the current related studies, and the specific mechanism by which DHA acts remains unclear. This review summarizes the research on the relationship between DHA intake during pregnancy and preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, and postpartum depression. Furthermore, we explore the impact of DHA intake during pregnancy on the prediction, prevention, and treatment of pregnancy complications as well as its impact on offspring neurodevelopment. Our results suggest that there is limited and controversial evidence for the protective effect of DHA intake on pregnancy complications, with the exception of preterm birth and gestational diabetes mellitus. However, additional DHA supplementation may improve long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes in the offspring of women with pregnancy complications.
Establishment and evaluation of a novel practical tool for the diagnosis of pre-sarcopenia in young people with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Ruina , Lin Sixian , Tu Jiayuan , Chen Yongzhuang , Cheng Bin , Mo Xiaoqiao , Xie Tian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
Sarcopenia has been recognized as a third category of complications in people with diabetes. However, few studies focus on the reduction of skeletal muscle mass in young people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors of pre-sarcopenia in young patients with diabetes and establish a practical tool to diagnose pre-sarcopenia in those people.

Methods
Patients (n = 1246) enrolled from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle year of 2011 to 2018 were randomly divided into the training set and validation set. The all-subsets regression analysis was used to select the risk factors of pre-sarcopenia. A nomogram model for the prediction of pre-sarcopenia in the diabetic population was established based on the risk factors. The model was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for discrimination, calibration curves for calibration, and decision curve analysis curves for clinical utility.

Results
In this study, gender, height, and waist circumference were elected as predictive factors for pre-sarcopenia. The nomogram model presented excellent discrimination in training and validation sets with areas under the curve of 0.907 and 0.912, respectively. The calibration curve illustrated excellent calibration, and the decision curve analysis showed a wide range of good clinical utility.

Conclusions
This study develops a novel nomogram that integrates gender, height, and waist circumference and can be used to easily predict pre-sarcopenia in diabetics. The novel screen tool is accurate, specific, and low-cost, highlighting its potential value in clinical application.
Advantages and robustness of partial VMAT with prone position for neoadjuvant rectal cancer evaluated by CBCT-based offline adaptive radiotherapy
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Yu Shou , Peng Feng , Tan Zhibo , Zhang Lei , Li Daming , Yang Pengfei , Peng Zhaoming , Li Xin , Fang Chunfeng , Wang Yuenan , Liu Yajie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background and purpose
This study aims to explore the advantages and robustness of the partial arc combined with prone position planning technique for radiotherapy in rectal cancer patients. Adaptive radiotherapy is recalculated and accumulated on the synthesis CT (sCT) obtained by deformable image registration between planning CT and cone beam CT (CBCT). Full and partial volume modulation arc therapy (VMAT) with the prone position on gastrointestinal and urogenital toxicity, based on the probability of normal tissue complications (NTCP) model in rectal cancer patients were evaluated.

Materials and methods
Thirty-one patients were studied retrospectively. The contours of different structures were outlined in 155 CBCT images. First, full VMAT (F-VMAT) and partial VMAT (P-VMAT) planning techniques were designed and calculated using the same optimization constraints for each individual patient. The Acuros XB (AXB) algorithm was used in order to generate more realistic dose distributions and DVH, considering the air cavities. Second, the Velocity 4.0 software was used to fuse the planning CT and CBCT to obtain the sCT. Then, the AXB algorithm was used in the Eclipse 15.6 software to conduct re-calculation based on the sCT to obtain the corresponding dose. Furthermore, the NTCP model was used to analyze its radiobiological side effects on the bladder and the bowel bag.

Results
With a CTV coverage of 98%, when compared with F-VMAT, P-VMAT with the prone position technique can effectively reduce the mean dose of the bladder and the bowel bag. The NTCP model showed that the P-VMAT combined with the prone planning technique resulted in a significantly lower complication probability of the bladder (1.88 ± 2.08 vs 1.62 ± 1.41, P = 0.041) and the bowel bag (1.28 ± 1.70 vs 0.95 ± 1.52, P < 0.001) than the F-VMAT. In terms of robustness, P-VMAT was more robust than F-VMAT, considering that less dose and NTCP variation was observed in the CTV, bladder and bowel bag.

Conclusion
This study analyzed the advantages and robustness of the P-VMAT in the prone position from three aspects, based on the sCT fused by CBCT. Whether it is in regards to dosimetry, radiobiological effects or robustness, P-VMAT in the prone position has shown comparative advantages.
On weighted k-mer dictionaries
Authors: Pibiri Giulio Ermanno 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe consider the problem of representing a set of$$k$$k-mers and their abundance counts, or weights, in compressed space so that assessing membership and retrieving the weight of a$$k$$k-mer is efficient. The representation is called aweighted dictionaryof$$k$$k-mers and finds application in numerous tasks in Bioinformatics that usually count$$k$$k-mers as a pre-processing step. In fact,$$k$$k-mer counting tools produce very large outputs that may result in a severe bottleneck for subsequent processing. In this work we extend the recently introduced SSHash dictionary (Pibiri in Bioinformatics 38:185–194, 2022) to also store compactly the weights of the$$k$$k-mers. From a technical perspective, we exploit the order of the$$k$$k-mers represented in SSHash to encoderunsof weights, hence allowing much better compression than the empirical entropy of the weights. We study the problem of reducing the number of runs in the weights to improve compression even further and give an optimal algorithm for this problem. Lastly, we corroborate our findings with experiments on real-world datasets and comparison with competitive alternatives. Up to date, SSHash is the only$$k$$k-mer dictionary that is exact, weighted, associative, fast, and small.
Folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism as a potential antifungal target for the sustainable cultivation of microalga Haematococcus pluvialis
Authors: Yan Hailong , Ding Meng , Lin Juan , Zhao Liang , Han Danxiang , Hu Qiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Microalgae are widely considered as multifunctional cell factories that are able to transform the photo-synthetically fixed CO2 to numerous high-value compounds, including lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and pigments. However, contamination of the algal mass culture with fungal parasites continues to threaten the production of algal biomass, which dramatically highlights the importance of developing effective measures to control the fungal infection. One viable solution is to identify potential metabolic pathways that are essential for fungal pathogenicity but are not obligate for algal growth, and to use inhibitors targeting such pathways to restrain the infection. However, such targets remain largely unknown, making it challenging to develop effective measures to mitigate the infection in algal mass culture.

Results
In the present study, we conducted RNA-Seq analysis for the fungus Paraphysoderma sedebokerense, which can infect the astaxanthin-producing microalga Haematococcus pluvialis. It was found that many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) were enriched in P. sedebokerense, which was assumed to produce metabolites required for the fungal parasitism. To verify this hypothesis, antifolate that hampered FOCM was applied to the culture systems. Results showed that when 20 ppm of the antifolate co-trimoxazole were added, the infection ratio decreased to ~ 10% after 9 days inoculation (for the control, the infection ratio was 100% after 5 days inoculation). Moreover, application of co-trimoxazole to H. pluvialis mono-culture showed no obvious differences in the biomass and pigment accumulation compared with the control, suggesting that this is a potentially algae-safe, fungi-targeted treatment.

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that applying antifolate to H. pluvialis culturing systems can abolish the infection of the fungus P. sedebokerense and the treatment shows no obvious disturbance to the algal culture, suggesting FOCM is a potential target for antifungal drug design in the microalgal mass culture industry.
The association and prediction value of acylcarnitine on diabetic nephropathy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Xuerui , Miao Yuyang , Fang Zhongze , Zhang Qiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Acylcarnitines play a role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the relationship between acylcarnitine and diabetic nephropathy was unclear. We aimed to explore the association of acylcarnitine metabolites with diabetic nephropathy and estimate the predictive value of acylcarnitine for diabetic nephropathy.

Methods
A total of 1032 (mean age: 57.24 ± 13.82) T2DM participants were derived from Liaoning Medical University First Affiliated Hospital. Mass Spectrometry was utilized to measure levels of 25 acylcarnitine metabolites in fasting plasma. Diabetic nephropathy was ascertained based on the medical records. Factor analysis was used to reduce the dimensions and extract factors of the 25 acylcarnitine metabolites. Logistic regression was used to estimate the relationship between factors extracted from the 25 acylcarnitine metabolites and diabetic nephropathy. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to test the predictive values of acylcarnitine factors for diabetic nephropathy.

Results
Among all T2DM participants, 138 (13.37%) patients had diabetic nephropathy. Six factors were extracted from 25 acylcarnitines, which account for 69.42% of the total variance. In multi-adjusted logistic regression models, the odds ratio (OR, 95% confidence interval [CI]) of diabetic nephropathy on factor 1 (including butyrylcarnitine/glutaryl-carnitine/hexanoylcarnitine/octanoylcarnitine/decanoylcarnitine/lauroylcarnitine/tetradecenoylcarnitine), factor 2 (including propionylcarnitine/palmitoylcarnitine/hydroxypalmitoleyl-carnitine/octadecanoylcarnitine/arachidiccarnitine), and factor 3 (including tetradecanoyldiacylcarnitine/behenic carnitine/tetracosanoic carnitine/hexacosanoic carnitine) were 1.33 (95%CI 1.12–1.58), 0.76 (95%CI 0.62–0.93), and 1.24 (95%CI 1.05–1.47), respectively. The area under the curve for diabetic nephropathy prediction was significantly increased after the complement of factors 1, 2, and 3 in traditional factors model (P < 0.01).

Conclusions
Some plasma acylcarnitine metabolites extracted in factors 1 and 3 were higher in diabetic nephropathy, while factor 2 was lower in diabetic nephropathy among T2DM patients. The addition of acylcarnitine to traditional factors model improved the predictive value for diabetic nephropathy.