bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flow behavior and dynamic transformation of titanium alloy Ti62A during deformation at different temperatures and strain rates
Authors: Guan Haiting , Fu Qiang , Xiang Wei , Min Wu , Xiong Yunsen , Yuan Wuhua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The effect of deformation temperature and strain rate on the hot deformation behavior and dual-phase microstructure evolution of the titanium alloy Ti62A was examined using electron backscatter diffraction. In general, the activation energy of Ti62A during steady-state deformation in the (α + β) phase is 295 kJ mol−1. The primary recovery mechanisms of the β phase during hot deformation are dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization (DRX). Moreover, discontinuous DRX occurs at low temperatures and high strain rates, whereas continuous DRX occurs at high temperatures and low strain rates. Furthermore, high strain rates in the (α + β) phase and high deformation temperatures are advantageous to dynamic phase changes during dynamic transformation (DT). The β phase penetrates the lamellar α
s phase, causing fragmentation and spheroidization of the α
s phase. Finally, DT begins more easily in the fine α
s phase than in the coarse α
p phase.
Dissecting the molecular features of bovine-arrested eight-cell embryos using single-cell multi-omics sequencing
Authors: Zhang Jingyao , Lyu Qingji , Li Jing , Ma Zhuoran , Yang Ruoyu , Yin Xunzhe , Yang Lei , Gao Shuai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The regulation of mammalian early-embryonic development is a complex, coordinated process that involves widespread transcriptomic and epigenetic remodeling. The main cause of developmental failure in preimplantation embryos after in vitro fertilization is the irreversible arrested-at-cleavage stage. To deepen our understanding of this embryonic block, we profiled a single-cell multi-omics map of copy number variations (CNVs), the transcriptome, the DNA methylome, and the chromatin state of bovine eight-cell embryos with a two-cell fate that either arrested or developed into blastocysts. To do this, we sequenced a biopsied blastomere and tracked the developmental potential of the remaining cells. Aneuploid embryos inferred by CNVs from DNA- and RNA-library data tended to lose their developmental potency. Analysis of distinct genomic regions of DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility revealed that enrichment of gene function and signaling pathways, such as the MAPK signaling pathway, was altered in arrested euploid eight-cell embryos compared with blastocyst-developed euploid eight-cell embryos. Moreover, the RNA expression and chromatin accessibility of embryonic genome activation-associated genes were lower in arrested euploid embryos than in blastocyst-developed embryos. Taken together, our results indicate that the developmental block of eight-cell embryos can be caused by multiple molecular layers, including CNVs, abnormality of DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility, and insufficient expression of embryonic genome activation-associated genes. Our integrated and comprehensive data set provides a valuable resource to further dissect the exact mechanisms underlying the arrest of bovine eight-cell embryos in vitro.
Hybrid confidence intervals for informative uniform asymptotic inference after model selection
Authors: McCloskey A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
I propose a new type of confidence interval for correct asymptotic inference after using data to select a model of interest without assuming any model is correctly specified. This hybrid confidence interval is constructed by combining techniques from the selective inference and post-selection inference literatures to yield a short confidence interval across a wide range of data realizations. I show that hybrid confidence intervals have correct asymptotic coverage, uniformly over a large class of probability distributions that do not bound scaled model parameters. I illustrate the use of these confidence intervals in the problem of inference after using the lasso objective function to select a regression model of interest and provide evidence of their desirable length and coverage properties in small samples via a set of Monte Carlo experiments that entail a variety of different data distributions as well as an empirical application to the predictors of diabetes disease progression.
A new immune disease: systemic hypertension
Authors: Copur Sidar , Peltek Ibrahim B , Mutlu Ali , Tanriover Cem , Kanbay Mehmet 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Systemic hypertension is the most common medical comorbidity affecting the adult population globally, with multiple associated outcomes including cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular diseases, vascular calcification, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome and mortality. Despite advancements in the therapeutic field approximately one in every five adult patients with hypertension is classified as having treatment-resistant hypertension, indicating the need for studies to provide better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and the need for more therapeutic targets. Recent pre-clinical studies have demonstrated the role of the innate and adaptive immune system including various cell types and cytokines in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Moreover, pre-clinical studies have indicated the potential beneficial effects of immunosuppressant medications in the control of hypertension. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether such pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic alternatives are applicable to human subjects, while this area of research is undoubtedly a rapidly growing field.
Role of initial medical treatment and effectiveness of thoracic endovascular aortic repair for acute type A aortic dissection with thrombosed false lumen
Authors: Masada Kenta , Shinzato Kento , Koizumi Shigeki , Yokawa Koki , Kasai Mio , Inoue Yosuke , Seike Yoshimasa , Sasaki Hiroaki , Matsuda Hitoshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The optimal treatment for acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) with thrombosed false lumen (T-FL) of the ascending aorta remains controversial. The goal of this study was to evaluate clinical outcomes of initial medical treatment (IMT) and the effectiveness of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for AAAD with T-FL.

METHODS
We retrospectively analysed 60 patients with AAAD with T-FL. Emergency aortic repair was performed in 33 patients, and IMT was selected in 27 uncomplicated patients with ascending aortic diameter &lt; 50 mm and ascending T-FL thickness ≤ 10 mm.

RESULTS
Among the 27 patients who received IMT, 14 had intramural haematomas at admission; however, new ulcer-like projections appeared in 7 (50%) during hospitalization. Before discharge, 12 (44%) were given medical treatment only, and 15 (56%) required delayed aortic repair including TEVAR in 8 and open repair in 7. The median interval from onset to delayed repair was 9 days, and significantly more patients received TEVAR compared to those receiving emergency repair (53% vs 21%; P = 0.043). Between the TEVAR (n = 15) and the open repair (n = 33) groups, 1 (7%) 30-day death occurred in the TEVAR group, whereas no in-hospital deaths occurred in the open repair group. During the median follow-up time of 24.8 months, no aorta-related death was observed, and there were no statistically significant differences in the rate of freedom from aortic events (TEVAR: 92.8%/3 years vs open repair: 88.4%/3 years; P = 0.871).

CONCLUSIONS
Our management, using a combination of emergency aortic repair, IMT and delayed aortic repair for AAAD with T-FL, achieved favourable clinical outcomes. Among the selected Japanese patients, IMT with repeated multidetector computed tomography could detect a new intimal tear that could be closed by TEVAR in some cases. Using EVAR for this pathology resulted in acceptable early and midterm outcomes. Further investigations are required to validate the safety and efficacy of this management procedure.
The essential role of spontaneous and starter yeasts in cocoa and coffee fermentation
Authors: Schwan Rosane Freitas , Bressani Ana Paula Pereira , Martinez Silvia Juliana , Batista Nadia Nara , Dias Disney Ribeiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractYeasts are important microorganisms used in different fermentation processes. The cocoa beans must go through a correct fermentation process to obtain good-quality chocolate, which involves the action of yeasts and bacteria, and yeasts play a crucial role since they act in the first days of fermentation. In coffee, several studies have shown that the microbiota in the fruits is also a relevant factor. The fermentation process (regardless of the processing type) improves the beverage’s quality. In this sense, studies using starter cultures in these two raw materials are important for better control of the process, and optimization of fermentation time, in addition to the improvement and diversification of volatile and non-volatile compounds produced by yeasts. Thus, this review discusses the importance and role of yeasts during fermentation, their metabolism, the produced compounds, and how yeast and the different chemical reactions help increase the quality of chocolate and coffee.
A quality improvement approach in co-developing a primary healthcare package for raising awareness and managing female genital schistosomiasis in Nigeria and Liberia
Authors: Oluwole Akinola S , Bettee Anthony K , Nganda Motto Malea , Piotrowski Helen L , Fapohunda Victoria O , Adejobi Josephine B , Soneye Islamiat Y , Kafil-Emiola Maryam A , Soyinka Festus O , Nebe Obiageli J , Ekpo Uwem F , Kollie Karsor K , Isiyaku Sunday , Thomson Rachael , Dean Laura , Ozano Kim ,   Quality Improvement Team
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundGirls and women living in endemic areas for urogenital schistosomiasis may have lifelong vulnerability to female genital schistosomiasis (FGS). For &gt;2 decades, the importance of FGS has been increasing in sub-Saharan Africa, but without established policies for case detection and treatment. This research aimed to understand the level of FGS knowledge of frontline health workers and health professionals working in endemic areas and to identify health system needs for the effective management of FGS cases and prevention of further complications due to ongoing infections.MethodsWorkshops were conducted with health workers and stakeholders using participatory methods. These workshops were part of a quality improvement approach to develop the intervention.ResultsHealth workers’ and system stakeholders’ knowledge regarding FGS was low. Participants identified key steps to be taken to improve the diagnosis and treatment of FGS in schistosomiasis-endemic settings, which focused mainly on awareness creation, supply of praziquantel, development of FGS syndromic management and mass administration of praziquantel to all eligible ages. The FGS intervention component varies across countries and depends on the health system structure, existing facilities, services provided and the cadre of personnel available.ConclusionOur study found that co-developing a new service for FGS that responds to contextual variations is feasible, promotes ownership and embeds learning across health sectors, including healthcare providers, NTD policymakers and implementers, health professionals and community health workers.
A holistic approach to well-being and neglected tropical diseases: evaluating the impact of community-led support groups in Nigeria using community-based participatory research
Authors: Chowdhury Shahreen , Adekeye Oluwatosin , McRae Ayuba , Olorunfemi Temitope , Dubukumah Linda , Makinde Oluwabunmi , Ozokede Edward , Ewemade Jude , Abdulkadir Shuaibu , Ayuba Rebecca , Habibat Suleiman , Gurma Matthew , Thomson Rachael , Dean Laura 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect around 1 billion people, many living in the poorest parts of the world. NTDs often lead to serious long-term physical impairments. Stigma, disability, poverty and social isolation interact, resulting in poor quality of life and significant psychosocial impacts. The holistic health and psychosocial needs of persons affected by NTDs are often overlooked in integrated NTD programme design and research. Furthermore, the viewpoints of persons affected are often absent and spaces for empowerment and advocacy are limited.MethodsUsing a community-based participatory research design, our study partnered with persons affected and caregivers as co-researchers to address this gap. Through the process, we co-designed and implemented community-based support groups in Kaduna and Kwara, Nigeria, where NTDs are endemic. This paper utilises photovoice with support group facilitators (persons affected); participant observation of group meetings; rapid micronarratives with support group members; and key informant interviews with programme implementers at the state and local government area levels to explore the impact of the support groups from the perspective of people affected by NTDs and other health system actors.ResultsPerceived impacts of the support groups included a sense of ownership and empowerment, stigma reduction, improved self-esteem, improved health knowledge and health outcomes and capacity strengthening through vocational training.ConclusionsSupport groups, as community spaces of healing, offer a low-cost holistic intervention for chronic disease and disability.
Increased Myocardial Infarction Risk Following Herpes Zoster Infection
Authors: Parameswaran Ganapathi I , Drye Alexandra F , Wattengel Bethany A , Carter Michael T , Doyle Kathleen M , Mergenhagen Kari A 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMyocardial infarction (MI) has been reported as a postinfection sequela of herpes zoster, but with limited data on incidence after zoster and protective effect of the zoster vaccine. This study investigates the risk of developing an MI 30 days postzoster, determines patient-specific risk factors, and investigates the impact of herpes zoster vaccination.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included patients who received care at a Veterans Affairs facility between 2015 and 2020. Time to MI was determined from either 30 days post–zoster infection (zoster cohort) or a primary care appointment (control cohort).ResultsThis study assessed a total of 2 165 584 patients. MI within 30 days occurred in 0.34% (n = 244) of the zoster cohort and 0.28% (n = 5782) of the control cohort (P = .0016). Patients with a documented herpes zoster infection during the study period were 1.35 times more likely to develop an MI within the first 30 days postinfection compared to the control cohort. Patients who received the recombinant zoster vaccine were less likely to have an MI postinfection (odds ratio, 0.82 [95% confidence interval, .74–.92]; P = .0003).ConclusionsHerpes zoster infection was associated with an increased risk of MI within the first 30 days postinfection. History of prior MI, male sex, age ≥50 years, history of heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, human immunodeficiency virus, prior cerebrovascular accident, and renal disease increased odds of MI 30 days postinfection with herpes zoster. Herpes zoster vaccination decreased the odds of developing an MI in patients aged ≥50 years.
Police Retention: A Systematic Review of the Research
Authors: Wilson Jeremy M , Grammich Clifford A , Cherry Terry , Gibson Anthony 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Difficulties in recruitment and retention undermine the ability of U.S. police departments to maintain and diversify their workforces, particularly in light changing workloads and performance expectations. The police reform movement and recent increases in crime have highlighted these challenges, but other systemic and acute issues have also made staffing departments difficult. Attention to police staffing has been sporadic and uneven, with much discussion focused on recruitment. Given increasing attrition and that retention is more efficient than recruitment, there is considerable need for systematic examination of staff turnover and the development of strategies to bolster retention. To help fill this need, this manuscript assesses the landscape of retention research. We began by conducting a systematic search of four scholarly databases, which yielded 82 journal articles for investigation. We developed a codebook to isolate research features, which we captured in an SPSS dataset. We analyzed article content to illustrate key characteristics and lessons, including the types and characteristics of scholars and organizations who have produced the research, financial support for research, the characteristics of journals in which the work is published, substantive foci (including on diversity), methodological approaches and types of data, units of analysis, theoretical explanations and the causes and correlates of attrition, effects of turnover, and forms and effectiveness of retention strategies. We illustrate the nature and evolution of this work, identifying key features, strengths, weaknesses, lessons, and gaps in knowledge. We conclude with a discussion of the implications for police research and evidence-based workforce planning.
Morphological and Molecular Identification Protocols for Bactrocera dorsalis: A Joint Validation Study
Authors: Taddei Andrea , Reisenzein Helga , Mouttet Raphaëlle , Lethmayer Christa , Egartner Alois , Gottsberger Richard A. , Blümel Sylvia , Heiss Claudia , Pohn Chiara , Reynaud Philippe 
Published: March 2023

Bactrocera dorsalis is considered among the most destructive and economically important invasive fruit flies worldwide. Native to Southeast Asia, in just a few years, it has spread almost throughout all of sub-Saharan Africa, causing fruit loss in several commercially grown crops. In Europe, it is frequently intercepted as larva on imported fruits during phytosanitary inspections. In recent years, adult specimens have been caught in traps in Austria, Italy, and France, increasing the level of attention to this species. Rapid and unambiguous identification by European plant health laboratories is important to effectively prevent its introduction and establishment in Europe. The harmonized use of validated diagnostic protocols is essential. However, in entomology, unlike other disciplines, diagnostic protocols often lack validation data to support their suitability as adequate identification tools. In this study, tests from two international diagnostic protocols for the identification of B. dorsalis underwent a thorough validation process to assess their performance characteristics (analytical and diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility). A novel process of a joint validation of morphological and molecular identification protocols is reported. The novelty of this approach arises from the fact that morphological and molecular tests are validated in the same study, based on the same panel of samples, also allowing a two-way control on the assigned values of samples. Potential critical issues that could represent weaknesses of the protocols are also discussed in detail. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
CD93 maintains endothelial barrier function by limiting the phosphorylation and turnover of VE‐cadherin
Authors: Lugano Roberta , Vemuri Kalyani , Barbera Stefano , Orlandini Maurizio , Dejana Elisabetta , Claesson‐Welsh Lena , Dimberg Anna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRegulation of vascular permeability to plasma is essential for tissue and organ homeostasis and is mediated by endothelial cell‐to‐cell junctions that tightly regulate the trafficking of molecules between blood and tissue. The single‐pass transmembrane glycoprotein CD93 is upregulated in endothelial cells during angiogenesis and controls cytoskeletal dynamics. However, its role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating endothelial barrier function has not been elucidated yet. Here, we demonstrate that CD93 interacts with vascular endothelial (VE)‐cadherin and limits its phosphorylation and turnover. CD93 deficiency in vitro and in vivo induces phosphorylation of VE‐cadherin under basal conditions, displacing it from endothelial cell–cell contacts. Consistent with this, endothelial junctions are defective in CD93−/− mice, and the blood–brain barrier permeability is enhanced. Mechanistically, CD93 regulates VE‐cadherin phosphorylation and turnover at endothelial junctions through the Rho/Rho kinase‐dependent pathway. In conclusion, our results identify CD93 as a key regulator of VE‐cadherin stability at endothelial junctions, opening up possibilities for therapeutic strategies directed to control vascular permeability.
Predicting Success of Deformity Correction With Tension Band Plating in Early-Onset Tibia Vara
Authors: Walker Janet L. , Dueber David M. , Stephenson Lindsay P. , Scott Allison C. , Lerman Joel A. , Powell Kenneth P. , Ackman Jeffery D. , Westberry David E. , Nossov Sarah B. , Franklin Corinna C. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Angular deformity correction with tension band plating has not been as successful in early-onset tibia vara (EOTV) as it has been in other conditions. Our hypothesis is that perioperative factors can predict the success of lateral tibial tension band plating (LTTBP) in patients with EOTV.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed at 7 centers evaluating radiographic outcomes of LTTBP in patients with EOTV (onset <7 y of age). Single-event tibial LTTBP outcome was assessed through medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA). The final limb alignment following comprehensive limb growth modulation (CLGM), which could include multiple procedures, was assessed by mechanical axis zone (MAZone), mechanical tibio-femoral angle (mTFA), and mechanical axis deviation (MAD). Preoperative age, weight, deformity severity, medial physeal slope, and Langenskiöld classification +/- modification were investigated as predictors of outcome. Success was defined as the correction or overcorrection to normal age-adjusted alignment. The minimum follow-up was 2 years except when deformity correction, skeletal maturity, or additional surgery occurred.

Results:
Fifty-two patients with 80 limbs underwent 115 tibial LTTBP procedures at a mean age of 5.3 y, including 78 primary, 21 implant revisions, and 15 reimplantations for recurrence. Tibial LTTBP resulted in a mean change of +8.6o in MPTA and corrected 53% of tibias. CLGM resulted in MAD correction for 54% of limbs.
Univariate analysis showed that success was best predicted by preoperative age, weight, MPTA, and MAD. Multivariate analysis identified that preoperative-MPTA/MAD and preoperative-weight<70 kg were predictive of MPTA and MAD correction, respectively. The probability of success tables are presented for reference.

Conclusion:
Successful correction of MPTA to age-adjusted norms following a single-event LTTBP occurred in 53% of tibias and was best predicted by preoperative-MPTA and preoperative body weight <70 kg. Comprehensive growth modulation corrected limbs in 54%. The probability of correction to age-adjusted MAD is best estimated by preoperative-MAZone 1 or 2 (MAD ≤40 mm). Limbs with preoperative-MAD>80 mm improved, but ultimately all failed to correct completely with CLGM. Osteotomy may need to be considered with these severe deformities. While modified Langenskiöld classification and medial physeal slope have been shown to predict the outcome of osteotomy, they were not predictive for LTTBP. Change in MPTA was common after physeal untethering.

Level of Evidence:
Level—III.