bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fears and misconceptions toward COVID‐19 vaccination among Syrian population: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Klib Mohamad , Ghandour Munir , Alazki Osama , Nabhan Ayman I. , Idres Fatima A. , Alolabi Homam , Khaddour Majd S. , Zahlout Jaafar , Albakkar Farah , Hamoud Hasan M. M. , Houri Hasan N. Al , Alafandi Bana Z. ,   Data Collection Group
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsDespite the significant milestone of vaccine discovery, the spread of misinformation and pseudoscientific claims has resulted in an increasing number of people refusing vaccination in Syria. In this study, we aimed to explore fears and misconceptions towards COVID‐19 vaccines among the Syrian population.MethodsWe conducted a nationwide cross‐sectional study between January and May 2022, using a convenience sample of 10,006 participants aged at least 18 years and living in Syria. We administered a validated online/paper questionnaire and conducted face‐to‐face interviews. We used SPSS software (version 26) for statistical analysis, assessing our data using frequency and χ2 tests, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.ResultsThe majority of the participants were female 6048 (60.4%), university degree holders 7304 (73%), and from urban areas 8015 (80.1%). Approximately half of the participants 5021 (50.2%) belonged to the medical sector (49% had concerns about the vaccine). Females, university degree holders, and participants with a history of symptomatic COVID‐19 were more likely to have fears about the vaccines. The main concerns about the vaccines were the rapid development, fears of blood clots, and common side effects. The prevalence of some misconceptions was relatively high, such as the belief that the vaccine is an experiment or a secret plan to reduce the population. Reliable sources are crucial to fight misleading information on social media.ConclusionCOVID‐19 vaccine is key to controlling the spread, but acceptance rate is critical. High variability in vaccine acceptance and high vaccine hesitancy can affect the efforts to terminate the COVID‐19 pandemic. Addressing the barriers associated with the acceptance of COVID‐19 vaccination will be the cornerstone to achieving maximum vaccination coverage. It is important to consider the reasons for refusing the COVID‐19 vaccine when interpreting the results of any study on vaccine attitudes among the Syrian population.
Comparisons of nonpharmaceutical analgesia and pharmaceutical analgesia on the labor analgesia effect of parturient women
Authors: Zhu Rongyu , Pan Qin , Cao Xiaoxia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to compare the labor analgesia effects of nonpharmaceutical analgesia and pharmaceutical analgesia on parturient women.MethodsOne hundred and four parturient women with spontaneous births were selected and randomly divided into pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical analgesia groups. Before and after analgesia, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), parturient satisfaction with analgesia, serum pain stress factors (substance P [SP], neuropeptide Y [NPY], nerve growth factor [NGF], and prostaglandin E2 [PGE2]), duration of labor, vaginal bleeding at 2 h postpartum, postpartum urinary retention and dysuria incidence, Apgar score of 1 min and 5 min after birth, and neonatal cord blood gas analysis (pH, partial pressure of oxygen [PO2], partial pressure of carbon dioxide [PCO2], and lactate [Lac]) were compared in the two groups.ResultsVAS scores were lower and the analgesia satisfaction was higher in the pharmaceutical analgesia group than in the nonpharmaceutical analgesia group (all p < .05). Serum levels of SP, NPY, NGF, and PGE2 in the pharmaceutical analgesia group were lower than those in the nonpharmaceutical analgesia group (all p < .05). The first and second stages of labor were longer and the bleeding volume at 2 h postpartum was greater in the pharmaceutical analgesia group than those in the nonpharmaceutical analgesia group (all p < .05). Reduced Lac and PCO2 levels and increased PO2 level were found in the pharmaceutical analgesia group in comparison to the nonpharmaceutical analgesia group (all p < .05).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the analgesic effect and neonatal condition of the pharmaceutical analgesia are better than the nonpharmaceutical analgesia, but the labor duration and postpartum bleeding volume of the pharmaceutical analgesia are greater than those of the nonpharmaceutical analgesia.
Altered expression of apoptosis‐related genes in rheumatoid arthritis peripheral blood mononuclear cell and related miRNA regulation
Authors: Ebrahimian Hamidreza , Akhtari Maryam , Akhlaghi Maassoumeh , Farhadi Elham , Jamshidi Ahmadreza , Alishiri Gholam Hossein , Mahmoudi Mahdi , Tavallaie Mahmood 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimImpaired apoptosis and proliferation resulted in autoreactive lymphocyte development and inflammation in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). TP53, BAX, FOXO1, and RB1 are related genes in cell survival, proliferation, and inflammation which could be important in RA development and disease severity. Here we investigated their expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from RA patients in comparison to healthy controls.MethodsFifty healthy controls and 50 RA patients were selected. The quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the gene expression level in PBMCs.ResultsThe mRNA expression of TP53 (FC = 0.65, p = .000), BAX (FC = 0.76, p = .008), FOXO1 (FC = 0.59, p = .000) and RB1 (FC = 0.50, p = .000) were significantly reduced in RA PBMCs. TP53 expression was negatively correlated with miR‐16‐5p (p = .032) and FOXO1 expression was negatively correlated with miR‐335‐5p (p = .005) and miR‐34a‐5p (p = .014). A positive correlation was seen between TP53 expression and its downstream gene, BAX (p = .001). FOXO1 expression was also negatively correlated with disease activity, DAS28 (p = .021).ConclusionAll selected genes have downregulated expression in RA PBMCs which could be correlated with RA pathogenesis by regulating apoptosis, cell survival, inflammatory mediator production, and proliferation. Due to the correlation of miR‐16‐5p, miR‐34a‐5p, and miR‐335‐5p with TP53 and FOXO1 expression in RA PBMCs, they could be used as future therapeutic targets.
Impact of COVID‐19 on the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in the lower respiratory tract of the elderly
Authors: Zhang Shi‐Yan , Shi Jing , Zhuo Ying , Wang Ting‐Qiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the distribution of bacterial pathogens of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in hospitalized elderly patients during the COVID‐19 epidemic and to explore the influence of COVID‐19 on the distribution of bacterial pathogens, to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis.MethodsSpecimens of sputum from elderly LRTIs patients at Fuding Hospital of China were consecutively collected from October 2022 to January 2023. Cultures and identification were done, and RT‐PCR was employed to detect SARS‐Cov‐2 nucleic acid.ResultsA total of 195 isolates were characterized in 163 sputum samples of consecutive hospitalized elderly patients, of which 11.3% were Gram‐positive bacteria and 88.7% were Gram‐negative. The top of frequently isolated pathogens was Klebsiella pneumonia (30.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19.0%), Acinetobacter baumannii (12.8%), Stenotrophomonas maltophili, (7.7%), Escherichia coli (7.2%). According to the results of novel coronavirus nucleic acid detection, the 163 patients were divided into COVID‐19 group and non‐COVID control (CNT) group. The comparison of bacterial distribution between the groups revealed that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was lower in the COVID‐19 than in the CNT group, while A. baumannii was higher in the COVID‐19 group, and the difference was statistically significant (p < .05).ConclusionThe major bacteria identified in sputum culture of hospitalized elderly patients were K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii, S. maltophilia, and E. coli. Furthermore, the distribution of S. maltophilia and A. baumannii between the COVID‐19 and CNT groups was found to be significantly different (p < .05), while there were no significant differences in the distribution of other bacteria.
Calycosin inhibits hepatocyte apoptosis in acute liver failure by suppressing theTLR4/NF‐κBpathway: An in vitro study
Authors: Chang Le , Zhang Aiqing , Liu Wenjuan , Cao Ping , Dong Lixian , Gao Xiaoxue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcute liver failure (ALF) is a serious liver disease that is difficult to treat owing to its unclear pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the roles and molecular mechanisms of calycosin (CA) in ALF.MethodsIn this study, the roles and mechanism of CA in ALF were explored using an in vitro lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ALF cell model. Additionally, 3‐(4,5‐dimethyl‐2‐thiazolyl)−2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to assess the effect of CA on the activity of LPS‐induced L02 human liver epithelial cells, and flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis in L02 cells. Expression levels of apoptosis‐related genes,BaxandBcl‐2, were measured using reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Expression levels of inflammatory factors in LPS‐induced L02 cells were measured using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, the effect of CA on ALF was inhibited via transfection of a toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)‐plasmid to elucidate the relationship between CA and TLR4/nuclear factor (NF)‐κB signaling pathway in ALF.ResultsCA had no toxic effects on L02 cells, but enhanced the activity of LPS‐induced L02 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Apoptosis and inflammatory factor release was increased in ALF, activating theTLR4/NF‐κBsignaling pathway. However, CA treatment inhibited the apoptosis and release of inflammatory factors. Further mechanistic studies revealed that the upregulation ofTLR4expression reversed the alleviating effects of CA on inflammation and apoptosis in LPS‐induced L02 cells.ConclusionCA alleviates inflammatory damage in LPS‐induced L02 cells by inhibiting theTLR4/NF‐κBpathway and may be a promising therapeutic agent for ALF treatment.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide exerts therapeutic action by regulating PTEN in a model of Sjögren's disease
Authors: Li Yixi , Zhu Wen , Lin Rui , Zhao Junjie , Wang Yue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionSjögren's disease (SjD) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the loss of the secretory function of the exocrine glands. At present, drugs that can both correct the immune imbalance and improve exocrine gland function are needed. Meanwhile, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) has been reported as a candidate with anti‐inflammatory and immunoregulatory properties for treating autoimmune diseases.MethodsNonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and the primary splenic lymphocyte cells (SPLCs) were used to construct the SS model. The therapeutic effects of VIP for SjD by evaluating water consumption, histopathology, T cell subsets, and related cytokines. RT‐qPCR and Western blot analysis were used to identify the expression of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway.ResultsWe found that VIP therapy in NOD mice could increase the expression of PTEN and VIP/VPAC1 receptor, as well as decrease the PI3K/AKT pathway. In vitro, the results showed that the PTEN knockdown decreased the Treg/Th17 ratio and enhanced the phosphorylated PI3K/AKT pathway, which were reversed with VIP treatment.ConclusionsVIP exerts potential therapeutic action in SjD by upregulating PTEN through the PI3K/AKT pathway and Treg/Th17 cell balance.
Application of Naphthoquinone Derivatives Non‐Covalently Modified Graphene Nanosheets in Asymmetric Supercapacitors
Authors: Hou Lijie , Kong Chao , Hu Zhongai , Han Yanxia , Wu Bowan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs an organic pseudocapacitive active material, 2, 3‐Dichloro‐1, 4‐naphthoquinone (DNQ) was used in supercapacitors. Graphene with unique structures and high electrical conductivity acts as substrate. DNQ non‐covalently modified graphene composite material (DNQ@rGO) was synthesized through the simple solvothermal synthesis. The redox reaction between naphthol and naphthoquinone occurs on reduced graphene oxide(rGO), which forms an ideal pseudocapacitance without destroying its sp2 network. The optimal DNQ@rGO electrode material obtained the specific capacitance of 361.2 Fg−1 at 5 mV s−1 in 1 mol L−1 H2SO4 and exhibited excellent rate capability (capacitance retention of 87.5 % at 100 mV s−1) in the three‐electrode system. We also prepared holey layered oxygen‐rich graphene hydrogels (HLGH) material, whose electrochemical performance is superior to traditional three‐dimensional (3D) graphene hydrogels (GH). Finally, two asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) were assembled by using the DNQ@rGO (positive electrode), the HLGH and GH (negative electrode). The results show that the ASC with HLGH as negative electrode achieved the high energy and power densities due to the perfect matching of capacitance and kinetics between the positive and negative electrodes. The specific capacitance was almost no loss after 4700 cycles, showing the excellent stability.
Liquid metal compartmented by polyphenol‐mediated nanointerfaces enables high‐performance thermal management on electronic devices
Authors: Zhang Chaojun , Tang Yang , Guo Tianyu , Sang Yizhou , Li Ding , Wang Xiaoling , Rojas Orlando J. , Guo Junling 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe exponentially increasing heat generation in electronic devices, induced by high power density and miniaturization, has become a dominant issue that affects carbon footprint, cost, performance, reliability, and lifespan. Liquid metals (LMs) with high thermal conductivity are promising candidates for effective thermal management yet are facing pump‐out and surface‐spreading issues. Confinement in the form of metallic particles can address these problems, but apparent alloying processes elevate the LM melting point, leading to severely deteriorated stability. Here, we propose a facile and sustainable approach to address these challenges by using a biogenic supramolecular network as an effective diffusion barrier at copper particle‐LM (EGaIn/Cu@TA) interfaces to achieve superior thermal conduction. The supramolecular network promotes LM stability by reducing unfavorable alloying and fluidity transition. The EGaIn/Cu@TA exhibits a record‐high metallic‐mediated thermal conductivity (66.1 W m−1 K−1) and fluidic stability. Moreover, mechanistic studies suggest the enhanced heat flow path after the incorporation of copper particles, generating heat dissipation suitable for computer central processing units, exceeding that of commercial silicone. Our results highlight the prospects of renewable macromolecules isolated from biomass for the rational design of nanointerfaces based on metallic particles and LM, paving a new and sustainable avenue for high‐performance thermal management.image
Single‐Cell Transcriptomics of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in Diversity Outbred Mice: A Model for Population‐Level scRNA‐Seq Studies
Authors: Dillard Luke J , Rosenow Will T , Calabrese Gina M , Mesner Larry D , Al‐Barghouthi Basel M , Abood Abdullah , Farber Emily A , Onengut‐Gumuscu Suna , Tommasini Steven M , Horowitz Mark A , Rosen Clifford J , Yao Lutian , Qin Ling , Farber Charles R 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTGenome‐wide association studies (GWASs) have advanced our understanding of the genetics of osteoporosis; however, the challenge has been converting associations to causal genes. Studies have utilized transcriptomics data to link disease‐associated variants to genes, but few population transcriptomics data sets have been generated on bone at the single‐cell level. To address this challenge, we profiled the transcriptomes of bone marrow–derived stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured under osteogenic conditions from five diversity outbred (DO) mice using single‐cell RNA‐seq (scRNA‐seq). The goal of the study was to determine if BMSCs could serve as a model to generate cell type–specific transcriptomic profiles of mesenchymal lineage cells from large populations of mice to inform genetic studies. By enriching for mesenchymal lineage cells in vitro, coupled with pooling of multiple samples and downstream genotype deconvolution, we demonstrate the scalability of this model for population‐level studies. We demonstrate that dissociation of BMSCs from a heavily mineralized matrix had little effect on viability or their transcriptomic signatures. Furthermore, we show that BMSCs cultured under osteogenic conditions are diverse and consist of cells with characteristics of mesenchymal progenitors, marrow adipogenic lineage precursors (MALPs), osteoblasts, osteocyte‐like cells, and immune cells. Importantly, all cells were similar from a transcriptomic perspective to cells isolated in vivo. We employed scRNA‐seq analytical tools to confirm the biological identity of profiled cell types. SCENIC was used to reconstruct gene regulatory networks (GRNs), and we observed that cell types show GRNs expected of osteogenic and pre‐adipogenic lineage cells. Further, CELLECT analysis showed that osteoblasts, osteocyte‐like cells, and MALPs captured a significant component of bone mineral density (BMD) heritability. Together, these data suggest that BMSCs cultured under osteogenic conditions coupled with scRNA‐seq can be used as a scalable and biologically informative model to generate cell type–specific transcriptomic profiles of mesenchymal lineage cells in large populations. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Transmembrane protein 150b attenuates BMP signaling in the Xenopus organizer
Authors: Keum Byeong‐Rak , Yeo Inchul , Koo Youngmu , Han Wonhee , Choi Sun‐Cheol , Kim Gun‐Hwa , Han Jin‐Kwan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe vertebrate organizer is a specified embryonic tissue that regulates dorsoventral patterning and axis formation. Although numerous cellular signaling pathways have been identified as regulators of the organizer's dynamic functions, the process remains incompletely understood, and as‐yet unknown pathways remain to be explored for sophisticated mechanistic understanding of the vertebrate organizer. To identify new potential key factors of the organizer, we performed complementary DNA (cDNA) microarray screening using organizer‐mimicking Xenopus laevis tissue. This analysis yielded a list of prospective organizer genes, and we determined the role of six‐transmembrane domain containing transmembrane protein 150b (Tmem150b) in organizer function. Tmem150b was expressed in the organizer region and induced by Activin/Nodal signaling. In X. laevis, Tmem150b knockdown resulted in head defects and a shortened body axis. Moreover, Tmem150b negatively regulated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, likely via physical interaction with activin receptor‐like kinase 2 (ALK2). These findings demonstrated that Tmem150b functions as a novel membrane regulatory factor of BMP signaling with antagonistic effects, contributing to the understanding of regulatory molecular mechanisms of organizer axis function. Investigation of additional candidate genes identified in the cDNA microarray analysis could further delineate the genetic networks of the organizer during vertebrate embryogenesis.
Single Extracellular VEsicle Nanoscopy
Authors: Saftics Andras , Abuelreich Sarah , Romano Eugenia , Ghaeli Ima , Jiang Nan , Spanos Michail , Lennon Kathleen M. , Singh Gagandeep , Das Saumya , Van Keuren‐Jensen Kendall , Jovanovic‐Talisman Tijana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) and their cargo constitute novel biomarkers. EV subpopulations have been defined not only by abundant tetraspanins (e.g., CD9, CD63 and CD81) but also by specific markers derived from their source cells. However, it remains a challenge to robustly isolate and characterize EV subpopulations. Here, we combined affinity isolation with super‐resolution imaging to comprehensively assess EV subpopulations from human plasma. Our Single Extracellular VEsicle Nanoscopy (SEVEN) assay successfully quantified the number of affinity‐isolated EVs, their size, shape, molecular tetraspanin content, and heterogeneity. The number of detected tetraspanin‐enriched EVs positively correlated with sample dilution in a 64‐fold range (for SEC‐enriched plasma) and a 50‐fold range (for crude plasma). Importantly, SEVEN robustly detected EVs from as little as ∼0.1 μL of crude plasma. We further characterized the size, shape and molecular tetraspanin content (with corresponding heterogeneities) for CD9‐, CD63‐ and CD81‐enriched EV subpopulations. Finally, we assessed EVs from the plasma of four pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients with resectable disease. Compared to healthy plasma, CD9‐enriched EVs from patients were smaller while IGF1R‐enriched EVs from patients were larger, rounder and contained more tetraspanin molecules, suggestive of a unique pancreatic cancer‐enriched EV subpopulation. This study provides the method validation and demonstrates that SEVEN could be advanced into a platform for characterizing both disease‐associated and organ‐associated EV subpopulations.
Preprocedural control of nutritional status score and prediction of early death after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Authors: Yoshida Yuki , Maetani Iruru , Shigoka Hiroaki , Matsuda Takahisa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimPercutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is often associated with early mortality. We therefore investigated factors associated with early death after PEG.MethodsThe present study comprised patients who had undergone PEG between April 2014 and March 2020. Patients were divided into two groups: an early mortality group who died within 1 month of PEG, and a non‐mortality group whose clinical course could be followed for more than 1 month after the procedure. Patient background, hematological data, and procedural duration were compared between groups.ResultsUnivariate analysis identified older age, high blood urea nitrogen (BUN), low prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and high controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score as factors associated with early death after PEG. In multivariate analysis, high CONUT score remained an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.0035).ConclusionA high CONUT score may be a prognostic factor for early mortality after PEG.
Robust and protective immune responses induced by heterologous prime‐boost vaccination with DNA‐protein dimeric RBD vaccines for COVID‐19
Authors: An Yaling , Zhao Gan , Duan Huixin , Zhang Ning , Duan Minrun , Xu Senyu , Liu Xueyuan , Han Yuxuan , Zheng Tianyi , Li Xin , Hou Jiawang , Zhang Zhiyu , Bi Yuhai , Zhao Xin , Xu Kun , Dai Lianpan , Wang Bin , Gao George F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic posed great impacts on public health. To fight against the pandemic, robust immune responses induced by vaccination are indispensable. Previously, we developed a subunit vaccine adjuvanted by aluminum hydroxide, ZF2001, based on the dimeric tandem‐repeat RBD immunogen, which has been approved for clinical use. This dimeric RBD design was also explored as an mRNA vaccine. Both showed potent immunogenicity. In this study, a DNA vaccine candidate encoding RBD‐dimer was designed. The humoral and cellular immune responses induced by homologous and heterologous prime‐boost approaches with DNA‐RBD‐dimer and ZF2001 were assessed in mice. Protection efficacy was studied by the SARS‐CoV‐2 challenge. We found that the DNA‐RBD‐dimer vaccine was robustly immunogenic. Priming with DNA‐RBD‐dimer followed by ZF2001 boosting induced higher levels of neutralizing antibodies than homologous vaccination with either DNA‐RBD‐dimer or ZF2001, elicited polyfunctional cellular immunity with a TH1‐biased polarization, and efficiently protected mice against SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in the lung. This study demonstrated the robust and protective immune responses induced by the DNA‐RBD‐dimer candidate and provided a heterologous prime‐boost approach with DNA‐RBD‐dimer and ZF2001.