bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global analysis of the perturbation effects of metal‐based nanoparticles on soil nitrogen cycling
Authors: He Gang , Yang Yuyi , Liu Guihua , Zhang Quanfa , Liu Wenzhi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough studies have investigated the effects of metal‐based nanoparticles (MNPs) on soil biogeochemical processes, the results obtained thus far are highly variable. Moreover, we do not yet understand how the impact of MNPs is affected by experimental design and environmental conditions. Herein, we conducted a global analysis to synthesize the effects of MNPs on 17 variables associated with soil nitrogen (N) cycling from 62 studies. Our results showed that MNPs generally exerted inhibitory effects on N‐cycling process rates, N‐related enzyme activities, and microbial variables. The response of soil N cycling varied with MNP type, and exposure dose was the most decisive factor for the variations in the responses of N‐cycling process rates and enzyme activities. Notably, Ag/Ag2S and CuO had dose‐dependent inhibitory effects on ammonia oxidation rates, while CuO and Zn/ZnO showed hormetic effects on nitrification and denitrification rates, respectively. Other experimental design factors (e.g., MNP size and exposure duration) also regulated the effect of MNPs on soil N cycling, and specific MNPs, such as Ag/Ag2S, exerted stronger effects during long‐term (>28 days) exposure. Environmental conditions, including soil pH, organic carbon, texture, and presence/absence of plants, significantly influenced MNP toxicity. For instance, the effects of Ag/Ag2S on the ammonia oxidation rate and the activity of leucine aminopeptidase were more potent in acid (pH <6), organic matter‐limited (organic carbon content ≤10 g kg−1), and coarser soils. Overall, these results provide new insights into the general mechanisms by which MNPs alter soil N processes in different environments and underscore the urgent need to perform multivariate and long‐term in situ trials in simulated natural environments.
DRIVEN BY INSTITUTIONS, SHAPED BY CULTURE: HUMAN CAPITAL AND THE SECULARIZATION OF MARRIAGE IN ITALY
Authors: de la Croix David , Mariani Fabio , Mercier Marion 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe show that in Italy the legalization of divorce unleashed the forces of secularization, making educated persons more likely to contract a civil instead of a religious marriage. This process, ignited by institutional change, is also shaped by culture: higher social capital or weaker family ties make the choice of civil marriage more responsive to education. These results emerge from both aggregate and individual data, and can be rationalized through a model of religiosity, education and marriage choices. In this framework, the option to divorce increases the relative returns to human capital ‐ thereby increasing the prevalence of civil marriage.
Twelve months old infants' evaluation of observed comforting behavior using a choice paradigm: The role of animacy cues and self‐distress
Authors: Biro Szilvia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractComforting is a prosocial behavior that children start to engage in around their second year of life. There is much less known about their ability to evaluate comforting behavior of others. The current study examined whether 12 months old infants, after having watched animated abstract characters comfort or ignore a third party in distress, would show a preference for the comforting character. Using a manual choice paradigm, we found that infants were more likely to choose the comforting character than the ignoring character (Experiment 1). When the characters however lacked human surface features (eyes) infants did not show a preference (Experiment 2). Furthermore, infants self‐distress during the watching of the animations did not prevent infants to evaluate the behavior of the observed characters. These findings support the idea of an early presence of “moral sense” in infancy.
The impact of campus housing problems faced by female expatriate students on the level of their academic achievement
Authors: Elsayed Walaa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to identify the impact of campus housing problems faced by female expatriate students on their academic achievement. The study sample included 140 female students living in campus housing. The results showed that the value of the impact of campus housing problems on academic achievement reached a total weight of 7663 and a weighted relative weight of 60.82%, indicating a moderate level of impact. Psychological problems were ranked first at 35.01%, followed by social problems at 32.63%, and organizational problems at 32.3%. The study concludes several key problems faced by female expatriate students, including a lack of social support, difficult procedures for family visits and a lack of study resources within campus housing such as offices, stationery, ink, paper and printing. These problems have led to a poor level of academic achievement for female expatriate students.
CX3CL1 induces cell migration and invasion through ICAM‐1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells
Authors: Wu Chia‐Yu , Peng Pei‐Wen , Renn Ting‐Yi , Lee Chia‐Jung , Chang Tsung‐Ming , Wei Augusta I‐Chin , Liu Ju‐Fang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHuman oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been associated with a relatively low survival rate over the years and is characterized by a poor prognosis. C‐X3‐C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1) has been involved in advanced migratory cells. Overexpressed CX3CL1 promotes several cellular responses related to cancer metastasis, including cell movement, migration and invasion in tumour cells. However, CX3CL1 controls the migration ability, and its molecular mechanism in OSCC remains unknown. The present study confirmed that CX3CL1 increased cell movement, migration and invasion. The CX3CL1‐induced cell motility is upregulated through intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) expression in OSCC cells. These effects were significantly suppressed when OSCC cells were pre‐treated with CX3CR1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) and small‐interfering RNA (siRNA). The CX3CL1‐CX3CR1 axis activates promoted PLCβ/PKCα/c‐Src phosphorylation. Furthermore, CX3CL1 enhanced activator protein‐1 (AP‐1) activity. The CX3CR1 mAb and PLCβ, PKCα, c‐Src inhibitors reduced CX3CL1‐induced c‐Jun phosphorylation, c‐Jun translocation into the nucleus and c‐Jun binding to the ICAM‐1 promoter. The present results reveal that CX3CL1 induces the migration of OSCC cells by promoting ICAM‐1 expression through the CX3CR1 and the PLCβ/PKCα/c‐Src signal pathway, suggesting that CX3CL1‐CX3CR1‐mediated signalling is correlated with tumour motility and appealed to be a precursor for prognosis in human OSCC.
Effects of different photoperiods on growth and ovarian development and maturation of silver pomfret Pampus argenteus
Authors: Wang Xiangbing , Li Yaya , Hu Jiabao , Zhang Youyi , Zhang Man , Wang Guanlin , Jiang Huan , Sun Jiachu , Guo Chunyang , Xu Shanliang , Yang Yang , Wang Yajun , Yan Xiaojun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhotoperiod has a great influence on the growth and ovarian development and maturation of fishes. To analyse the effects of photoperiod on growth and ovarian development of an important marine economic fish, silver pomfret Pampus argenteus, short photoperiod group (L:D = 8:16), control group (L:D = 12:12) and long photoperiod group (L:D = 18:6) were set up for 60 days. The growth performance, ovarian development, changes in hormones and key enzyme activities in the hypothalamic–pituitary−gonadal (HPG) axis and expressions of key regulatory genes in the HPG axis were studied under different photoperiod conditions. The results showed that the final weight gain, body weight index, specific growth rate for weight, specific growth rate for length and average daily growth were the highest in the long photoperiod group, and the feed conversion rate was the lowest. Under long photoperiod condition, gonado‐somatic index and hepato‐somatic index were higher, ovarian maturity was better and expressions of HPG axis−related regulatory genes foxl2a, foxl2b, cyp19a1a, cyp19a1b, kiss, gpr54‐2, gnrh2, fsh and lh were higher. When compared with the other two groups, in the long photoperiod group, the change trend of estradiol (E2) was consistent with those of luteinizing hormone, melatonin (MT) and kisspeptin, and the levels were higher on the 20th and 50th days. These results indicate that prolongation of the photoperiod can improve the growth performance of P. argenteus and promote ovary development and maturation. The authors speculate that photoperiod may regulate the ovarian activity of P. argenteus through MT and kisspeptin/gpr54 signalling pathways. The results show that photoperiod can regulate the ovarian development of P. argenteus, which would help in breaking the seasonal restrictions of animals and regulating an animal's reproductive cycle.
Effect of magnetic field on quality improvement of medium‐term delivery frozen pepper
Authors: Feng Tianlin , Zhang Min , Jiang Qiyong , Bhandari Bhesh , Chen Jingjing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe water loss of medium‐term delivery frozen pepper is significant, resulting in the decline of product quality and the loss of nutrients. Hydrocolloids have been proved to help reduce the water loss of fruits and vegetables. Applying magnetic field can reduce the size of ice crystals during freezing, thus preventing cell damage and reducing water loss. In this study, the pickled red pepper was first soaked in gellan gum solution, and then frozen by magnetic field assisted freezing method to reduce the water loss of pepper products during storage. The process was accelerated by repeated (2–6 times) freezing and thawing, so as to reach the standard of medium‐term delivery faster. At the same time, the thawing stage was also supplemented by the action of magnetic field to explore its thawing effect. The results showed that freezing at 10 mT and −20°C and thawing at 4°C and 10 mT can better maintain the texture characteristics of pepper products compared to the control group, thereby reducing the water loss from 40% to 5%, increasing the color appeal, and reducing the loss of red pigment.Practical applicationsThis study provides a simple and novel method to reduce the water loss of frozen products during thawing. These steps combine hydrophilic colloid and magnetic field exploration to reduce the water loss of frozen products, and provide new ideas for product freezing and thawing.
Pragmatic evaluation of events and benefits of lipid lowering in older adults (PREVENTABLE): Trial design and rationale
Authors: Joseph Jacob , Pajewski Nicholas M. , Dolor Rowena J. , Sellers Mary Ann , Perdue Letitia H. , Peeples Sheronda R. , Henrie Adam M. , Woolard Nancy , Jones W. Schuyler , Benziger Catherine P. , Orkaby Ariela R. , Mixon Amanda S. , VanWormer Jeffrey J. , Shapiro Michael D. , Kistler Christine E. , Polonsky Tamar S. , Chatterjee Ranee , Chamberlain Alanna M. , Forman Daniel E. , Knowlton Kirk U. , Gill Thomas M. , Newby L. Kristin , Hammill Bradley G. , Cicek Mine S. , Williams Neely A. , Decker Jake E. , Ou Jiafu , Rubinstein Jack , Choudhary Gaurav , Gazmuri Raúl J. , Schmader Kenneth E. , Roumie Christianne L. , Vaughan Camille P. , Effron Mark B. , Cooper‐DeHoff Rhonda M. , Supiano Mark A. , Shah Raj C. , Whittle Jeffrey C. , Hernandez Adrian F. , Ambrosius Walter T. , Williamson Jeff D. , Alexander Karen P. ,   PREVENTABLE Trial Research Group
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhether initiation of statins could increase survival free of dementia and disability in adults aged ≥75 years is unknown. PREVENTABLE, a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled randomized pragmatic clinical trial, will compare high‐intensity statin therapy (atorvastatin 40 mg) with placebo in 20,000 community‐dwelling adults aged ≥75 years without cardiovascular disease, disability, or dementia at baseline. Exclusion criteria include statin use in the prior year or for >5 years and inability to take a statin. Potential participants are identified using computable phenotypes derived from the electronic health record and local referrals from the community. Participants will undergo baseline cognitive testing, with physical testing and a blinded lipid panel if feasible. Cognitive testing and disability screening will be conducted annually. Multiple data sources will be queried for cardiovascular events, dementia, and disability; survival is site‐reported and supplemented by a National Death Index search. The primary outcome is survival free of new dementia or persisting disability. Co‐secondary outcomes are a composite of cardiovascular death, hospitalization for unstable angina or myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, or coronary revascularization; and a composite of mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Ancillary studies will offer mechanistic insights into the effects of statins on key outcomes. Biorepository samples are obtained and stored for future study. These results will inform the benefit of statins for increasing survival free of dementia and disability among older adults. This is a pioneering pragmatic study testing important questions with low participant burden to align with the needs of the growing population of older adults.
Preoperative frailty and adverse outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in US veterans
Authors: Kochar Ajar , Deo Salil V. , Charest Brian , Peterman‐Rocha Fanny , Elgudin Yakov , Chu Danny , Yeh Robert W. , Rao Sunil V. , Kim Dae H. , Driver Jane A. , Hall Daniel E. , Orkaby Ariela R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundContemporary guidelines emphasize the value of incorporating frailty into clinical decision‐making regarding revascularization strategies for coronary artery disease. Yet, there are limited data describing the association between frailty and longer‐term mortality among coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study (2016–2020, 40 VA medical centers) of US veterans nationwide that underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Frailty was quantified by the Veterans Administration Frailty Index (VA‐FI), which applies the cumulative deficit method to render a proportion of 30 pertinent diagnosis codes. Patients were classified as non‐frail (VA‐FI ≤ 0.1), pre‐frail (0.1 < VA‐FI ≤ 0.2), or frail (VA‐FI > 0.2). We used Cox proportional hazards models to ascertain the association of frailty with all‐cause mortality. Our primary study outcome was 5‐year all‐cause mortality; the co‐primary outcome was days alive and out of the hospital within the first postoperative year.ResultsThere were 13,554 CABG patients (median 69 years, 79% White, 1.5% women). The mean pre‐operative VA‐FI was 0.21 (SD: 0.11); 31% were pre‐frail (VA‐FI: 0.17) and 47% were frail (VA‐FI: 0.31). Frail patients were older and had higher co‐morbidity burdens than pre‐frail and non‐frail patients. Compared with non‐frail patients (13.0% [11.4, 14.7]), there was a significant association between frail and pre‐frail patients and increased cumulative 5‐year all‐cause mortality (frail: 24.8% [23.3, 26.1]; HR: 1.75 [95% CI 1.54, 2.00]; pre‐frail 16.8% [95% CI 15.3, 18.4]; HR 1.2 [1.08,1.34]). Compared with non‐frail patients (mean 362[SD 12]), pre‐frail (mean 361 [SD 14]; p < 0.01) and frail patients (mean 358[SD 18]; p < 0.01) spent fewer days alive and out of the hospital in the first postoperative year.ConclusionsPre‐frailty and frailty were prevalent among US veterans undergoing CABG and associated with worse mid‐term outcomes. Given the high prevalence of frailty with attendant adverse outcomes, there may be an opportunity to improve outcomes by identifying and mitigating frailty before surgery.
Vitamin D: A potent regulator of dopaminergic neuron differentiation and function
Authors: Pertile Renata Aparecida Nedel , Brigden Rachel , Raman Vanshika , Cui Xiaoying , Du Zilong , Eyles Darryl 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVitamin D has been identified as a key factor in dopaminergic neurogenesis and differentiation. Consequently, developmental vitamin D (DVD) deficiency has been linked to disorders of abnormal dopamine signalling with a neurodevelopmental basis such as schizophrenia. Here we provide further evidence of vitamin D's role as a mediator of dopaminergic development by showing that it increases neurite outgrowth, neurite branching, presynaptic protein re‐distribution, dopamine production and functional release in various in vitro models of developing dopaminergic cells including SH‐SY5Y cells, primary mesencephalic cultures and mesencephalic/striatal explant co‐cultures. This study continues to establish vitamin D as an important differentiation agent for developing dopamine neurons, and now for the first time shows chronic exposure to the active vitamin D hormone increases the capacity of developing neurons to release dopamine. This study also has implications for understanding mechanisms behind the link between DVD deficiency and schizophrenia.image
Neurochemical alterations of intrinsic cardiac ganglionated nerve plexus caused by arterial hypertension developed during ageing in spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar Kyoto rats
Authors: Pauziene Neringa , Ranceviene Dalia , Rysevaite‐Kyguoliene Kristina , Ragauskas Tomas , Inokaitis Hermanas , Sabeckis Ignas , Plekhanova Khrystyna , Khmel Olena , Pauza Dainius H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe acknowledged hypothesis of the cause of arterial hypertension is the emerging disbalance in sympathetic and parasympathetic regulations of the cardiovascular system. This disbalance manifests in a disorder of sustainability of endogenous autonomic and sensory neural substances including calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP). This study aimed to examine neurochemical alterations of intrinsic cardiac ganglionated nerve plexus (GP) triggered by arterial hypertension during ageing in spontaneously hypertensive rats of juvenile (prehypertensive, 8–9 weeks), adult (early hypertensive, 12–18 weeks) and elderly (persistent hypertensive, 46–60 weeks) age in comparison with the age‐matched Wistar–Kyoto rats as controls. Parasympathetic, sympathetic and sensory neural structures of GP were analysed and evaluated morphometrically in tissue sections and whole‐mount cardiac preparations. Both the elevated blood pressure and the evident ultrasonic signs of heart failure were identified for spontaneously hypertensive rats and in part for the aged control rats. The amount of adrenergic and immunoreactive to CGRP neural structures was increased in the adult group of spontaneously hypertensive rats along with the significant alterations that occurred during ageing. In conclusion, the revealed chemical alterations of GP support the hypothesis about the possible disbalance of efferent and afferent heart innervation and may be considered as the basis for the emergence and progression of arterial hypertension and perhaps even as a consequence of hypertension in the aged spontaneously hypertensive rats. The determined anatomical changes in the ageing Wistar–Kyoto rats suggest this breed being as inappropriate for its use as control animals for hypertension studies in older animal age.
Topological reorganization of functional hubs in patients with Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait
Authors: Sreenivasan Karthik , Bayram Ece , Zhuang Xiaowei , Longhurst Jason , Yang Zhengshi , Cordes Dietmar , Ritter Aaron , Caldwell Jessica , Cummings Jeffrey L. , Mari Zoltan , Litvan Irene , Bluett Brent , Mishra Virendra R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeResting‐state functional MRI (rs‐fMRI) studies in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with freezing of gait (FOG) have implicated dysfunctional connectivity over multiple resting‐state networks (RSNs). While these findings provided network‐specific insights and information related to the aberrant or altered regional functional connectivity (FC), whether these alterations have any effect on topological reorganization in PD‐FOG patients is incompletely understood. Understanding the higher order functional organization, which could be derived from the “hub” and the “rich‐club” organization of the functional networks, could be crucial to identifying the distinct and unique pattern of the network connectivity associated with PD‐FOG.MethodsIn this study, we use rs‐fMRI data and graph theoretical approaches to explore the reorganization of RSN topology in PD‐FOG when compared to those without FOG. We also compared the higher order functional organization derived using the hub and rich‐club measures in the FC networks of these PD‐FOG patients to understand whether there is a topological reorganization of these hubs in PD‐FOG.ResultsWe found that the PD‐FOG patients showed a noticeable reorganization of hub regions. Regions that are part of the prefrontal cortex, primary somatosensory, motor, and visuomotor coordination areas were some of the regions exhibiting altered hub measures in PD‐FOG patients. We also found a significantly altered feeder and local connectivity in PD‐FOG.ConclusionsOverall, our findings demonstrate a widespread topological reorganization and disrupted higher order functional network topology in PD‐FOG that may further assist in improving our understanding of functional network disturbances associated with PD‐FOG.
How does the insurer's mobile application sales strategy perform?
Authors: Chen An , Chen Yusha , Murphy Finbarr , Xu Wei , Xu Xian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhile the impact of an Internet‐based sales strategy on sales performance has been well studied, there is little academic research that examines the impact of a mobile application (MA) sales strategy on the sales performance of insurers. Using a unique data set for term life insurance policies from a Chinese life insurer, we study the impact of implementing this strategy on insurance purchases. We find a significant growth in the insurance purchase quantity and somewhat lower growth in premiums received from new policies. This paper determines that this is due to improved channel accessibility and the cost reduction of the MA channel. Although sales of traditional distribution channels are cannibalized in the short term by the MA distribution strategy, this substitution effect does not persist in the long run. In addition, we find that this strategy reduces impulsive purchases.