bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Varietal Preferences in Large Cardamom with Respect to Yield and Profitability in the Hill Region of West Bengal
Authors: Rai Ushia , Mondal Sagar , Mondal Sabita , Ghosh Shrabantika , Banik Trishita , Rai Birat 
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted during the year 2017–18 in Block II of Kalimpong District in West Bengal. The state, district and the block were selected purposively whereas the respondents were selected randomly. Data were collected randomly from 60 farmers from three different villages of Block II of Kalimpong district with the help of structured interview schedule. The four different varieties namely Ramsey, Golsey, Varlangey and Seremna were presented to the farmers in pairs, in 6 possible combinations. The farmers were requested to identify one variety over the other from each six pairs which they consider more profitable and high yielding. For analysis of the data, Method of Paired Comparisons was followed. It was found from the study that the majority of farmers preferred Varlangey cultivar more in terms of yield (Scale value 2.1) and profitability (scale value 2.0) because of its higher yield, early maturity, bigger capsule size, making it easy to harvest and higher productivity. Ramsay variety occupied the second position in terms of yield (Scale value 1.6) and profitability (Scale Value 1.2). Whereas, Golsey variety occupied the third position in case of yield (Scale Value 1.0) and profitability (Scale value 0.16) followed by the variety Seremna whose scale value have been brought down to arbitrary zero. According to the respondents there is no significant difference between Golsey and Seremna with respect to their yield and profitability.
The Practical Model and Evidence of Organic Evolution Opposite to Darwin’s Theory of Natural Selection and Sexual Selection (Human Evolution)
Authors: Ahad Md. Abdul 
Published: August 2023

Hybridization (breeding) is practical evidence and a model of Darwin’s theory. But it would be true, if hybridization between two plants or animal species is possible and produced a fertile, reproductively isolated offspring. However, hybridization between two plants or animal species is not possible due to structural, behavioural differences, and seasonal isolations. If imposed, the fertilization fails, if the fertilization is successful, the embryo may abort, or the young may die. If the hybrid is survived up to maturity, it must become sterile. However, a very rare case the hybrids become fertile but those produce so-called varieties /races only; those species that produce fertile hybrids (e.g. Indian cattle Bos indicus and European cattle Bos taurus) must merge into a species.to satisfy the modern definition of species. Moreover, the artificial selection is also a skilled sexual selection, as the breeders choose the fittest, most vigour, and most fertile/productive, beautiful, colourful ornamented organism. But breeders also failed to develop a reproductively isolated species/variety/race by Johnson’s pure line selection, cloning, genetic engineering and mutation breeding. Even, a new species is not evolved by the natural hybridization. Consequently, there is no evidence of evolution of a new species either artificially or naturally. So, recent research claims that sexual selection theory is fundamentally flawed and simply wrong. Hence, evolutionary biologists rejected sexual selection. Thus, sexual selection is opposite to the evolution of humans from the lower animal like a chimpanzee. It is assumed that macroevolution occurs through hybridization; so, such an assumption is not valid.
Assessment of Physicochemical Properties and Cooking Quality of Promising Rice Varieties
Authors: Naik M. Vinod Kumar , Pillai M. Arumugam , Saravanan S. 
Published: August 2023

The study was carried out in AC and RI, killikulam, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India during Kharif 2017 to evaluate physiochemical and cooking properties of promising high yielding rice varieties of Tamil Nadu. Different physiochemical properties were studied in Fifty-five rice varieties. The hulling percentage varied from IR 28 (88.85) to CO 39(62.5), milling percentage ranged between IR 28(79.6) to C0 39(59.35), HRR% varied from IR 28 (73.3) to CO 43 (42.5), grain length is highest in Pusa Basmati (8.85 mm) and lowest in short grain type TN 1 (4.05 mm), The grain breadth ranged between 1.5 mm (JGL 3855) – 2.4 mm (ASD 2). L/B ratio, varied from 5.72 (Pusa Basmati) to 1.84 (TN 1), grain length after cooking ranged from Pusa Basmati (14.7mm) to BRNS (WP) 5 (5.35mm). Whereas the highest grain breadth after cooking was observed in ASD 2 (4.75 mm) and the lowest observed in Pusa Basmati (2.05 mm), linear elongation ratio is ranged from 1.67 (Pusa Basmati) to 1.04 (TPS 3), breadth wise expansion ratio was varied from TPS 3(2.49) to Pusa Basmati (1.33), ASV recorded 4 , 7, 27,11 and 7 varieties for scale-2, scale-3,scale-4, scale-5, scale-6 respectively. gel consistency ranged from 99.55 mm (JGL 3855) to 55.5 mm (Swarna) and the amylose content varied from 39.45 (Abhya) to 13.55(ASD 17). The relationship between physicochemical and cooking properties was determined using Pearson’s correlation. Correlation was done for determining the nature of interaction among the characters.
Effect of Rubber Seed Meal (Hevea brasiliensis) on Blood Biochemical Parameters and Enzyme Profiles of Broiler Birds
Authors: Debbarma Gourab , Samanta A. K. , Buragohain Rajat , Das Biren Kumar , Behera Parthasarathi , Debbarma Merion , Paul Akash 
Published: August 2023

An experiment was conducted at Department of Animal Nutrition in C.V.Sc. & A.H., C.A.U., Aizawl, Mizoram, in the month of September to November, 2022 to assess the effect of feeding rubber seed meal (Hevea brasiliensis) on biochemical parameters and enzyme profiles of broiler birds. 200 one-day old broiler chicks were purchased from commercial broiler chick distributor of Aizawl city, Mizoram. The chicks were distributed randomly into four experimental groups in a Completely Randomized Block Design. 50 birds of each group were further divided into five replicate with ten chicks in each replicate. The Group-1, Group-2, Group-3 and Group-4 were fed with standard basal ration formulated as per BIS (2007), standard basal ration with 10%, 15% and 20% replacement of maize with rubber seed meal, respectively. Overnight water soaked rubber seed was dried and incorporated in the diet of broiler birds as replacement of maize. The rubber seed were collected from Tripura and were subjected to grinding followed by water soaking for overnight, sun drying for 5–7 days and incorporated in the diet of the broiler birds. Feeding trial was conducted for 42 days. Blood biochemical parameters did not show any significant difference (p>0.05) between different treatment groups. ALT and AST values were not found significantly different (p>0.05) among different treatment groups. It can be concluded that rubber seed meal can be incorporated in the diet as a replacement of maize up to 20% without adversely affecting blood biochemical and enzyme profiles of broiler chickens
Effect of Dietary Supplementation of Ferrous Sulphate on the Blood Biochemical Attributes and Development of Digestive Organs of Turkey Poults
Authors: Sharma A. , Bhattacharyya A. , Shukla P. K. , Yadav B. , Singh V. K. 
Published: August 2023

The present study was conducted during February–April, 2020 in the Department of Poultry Science, Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India to assess the effect of dietary supplementation of ferrous sulphate on the blood biochemical attributes of turkey poults. Nighty six straight run day old turkey poults were placed into four treatment groups, each with three replicates and eight turkey poults in each replicate. The poults were kept in a system with deep litter. The experiment was carried out on turkey poults aged 0 to 8 weeks. In the experiment, (control) basal diet, supplemented with FeSO4 @ 80 mg kg-1 diet, supplemented with FeSO4 @ 120 mg kg-1 diet, and supplemented with FeSO4 @ 160 mg kg-1 diet were provided to the poults. Blood was collected at the end of the experiment. Length and weight of different digestive organs were measured separately at 8 weeks of age after sacrificing birds. Plasma was separated and stored in refrigerator (-20°C) until analyzed. The data obtained showed that there was no significant difference in plasma total proteins, uric acid, ALT, AST, ALP, plasma cholesterol, plasma HDL, SOD, ROS, LPO values and development of digestive organs among different treatment groups. Further studies can be done by assessing the effect on blood biochemicals and digestive organ development of poultry birds by supplementing organic Fe chelates.
Phenology of Terminalia chebula tree in the Dry Deciduous Forest of Cauvery Wildlife Sanctuary, Karnataka, Southern India
Authors: Kailash B. R. , Harisha R. P. , Siddappa Setty R. , Kadirvelu K. , Manimekalan M. S. , Samrat Abhishek 
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted at Cauvery wildlife sanctuary, Karnataka, India from 2015 to 2019. This study intended to understand the periodic events in biological life cycles concerning changes in the timings of seasonal events. It includes leafing, flowering, and fruiting patterns among the selected tree species of Terminalia chebula Retz., which is an important non-timber forest product (NTFPs) species in the Cauvery wildlife sanctuary. A total of 32 adult individual trees, from two transects at different places were selected and were observed at thirty days intervals. It was observed that there was a species-specific phenological relationship between the deciduous period and the initiation of seasonal rainfall and warm periods. Leaf maturity peak was in August. Leaf fall activity was in January before the arrival of an intense dry period. The reproductive phenology like flowering, fruiting, and fruit obsession was significantly varied across the different seasons among the observed tree species. The majority of tree species (56%) revealed synchronous flowering with Leaf flush activity. The results indicate that Leafing (58%) and flowering phenology (75%) occur during the dry period before the onset of first rains and fruiting, fruit fall timing was in consequence to utilize the growing season. Thus, species specificity was recorded concerning flowering and fruiting and was found to be with the seasonal rainfall distribution and in turn soil moisture availability in the study area. The results of the study would help in better management of fruiting tree species in natural forests.
Management Approaches and Strategies by the Farmers to Cope Up with the Risk of Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ashad Rahul , Roy Tuhin Narayan 
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted under the department of Agricultural Economics, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Coochbehar, West Bengal, India during October, 2021 to January, 2022. The objective was aimed to evaluate the management approaches in relation to management principles for sustaining their farming during Covid-19 pandemic with a unique set of primary data (before, during and after of pandemic) collected in Jalpaiguri district, West Bengal, India. Tabular, multiple regression and Garrett ranking analysis were followed to obtain the results for interpretation. Impact of the management approaches was reflected in positive net income (return-cost ratio around 1.09) in spite of variation in yield and price for two crops viz. paddy and wheat. Mobile phone was largely used for transaction. Multiple regression analysis predicted some independent variables responsible for low yield. The study, thus, showed the farmers’ managerial strategies during pandemic helped them to maintain livelihoods. Restriction in consumption, saving, entertainment, investment and other expenditures had been evident. Low risk enterprises like livestock and vegetables were followed to reduce risk. Like a visionary manager, majority of the farmers (76%) prioritised (Garrett ranking) on more Govt. initiatives. Extent and variation of management principles (functions) viz. planning, organizing, leading and controlling, as followed by the farmers was also examined and found to be relevant. The study, thus, showed the managerial strategies and efficiency of farmer-manager during pandemic which helped the farmers’ to sustain livelihoods during pandemic.
Evaluation of Different Integrated Management Strategies against Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Mung Bean
Authors: Mim A. T. , Ali M. , Yasmin S. 
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted in the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during April‒June, 2021 to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated management approaches against thrips on mung bean. The treatments comprising seed treatment, blue sticky trap and bio-pesticides i.e. Tracer 45SC (Spinosad), Biotrin 0.5% AS, Ecomec 1.8EC or synthetic chemical insecticides i.e. Confidor 70 WG, Actara 25WG, Stargate 48SC, Novastar 56EC and an untreated control were evaluated against thrips. The efficacy of the integrated management packages differed significantly against the thrips species Megalurothrips usitatus and Thrips palmi. Among them, the integrated management approach comprising seed treatment+blue sticky trap+Stargate 48SC was the most effective and reduced the highest percent of total thrips population on top trifoliate leaves and terminal shoots (84.46% and 80.77%, respectively) at vegetative stage and on flower buds and flowers (81.26% and 80.54%, respectively) at reproductive stage of mung bean. The lowest flower bud and flower infestation (17.35% and 21.66%, respectively) and shedding (13.32% and 8.41%, respectively) and the highest number of pod (34.28 plant-1), pod length (9.29 cm), seed (10.82 pod-1), 1000 seed weight (34.10 g) and yield (1642.19 kg ha-1) of mung bean was found in the integrated management package including seed treatment+blue sticky trap+Stargate 48SC followed by the management strategy comprising seed treatment+blue sticky trap+Confidor 70 WG and seed treatment+Blue sticky trap+Actara 25WG.
Phenotypic Stability Analysis in Brinjal Over Environments
Authors: Kumawat C. K. , Kulkarni G. U. , Sharma L. K. , Suchitra  
Published: August 2023

The study was conducted during rabi-2021 (Jan, 2021–Feb, 2021) and late kharif (Sept, 2021–Feb, 2022) at JAU, Junagadh, Gujarat to study the G×E interaction and stable genotype over environments (Seven parents (GJB-2, GJB-3, GRB-5, JBCL-10-12, JBCL-16-12, JBCL-17-01 and Swarna Mani Black SB) were intermated in full diallel fashion to obtain 42 hybrids (including reciprocals) , and evaluated in three environments viz., normal fertilizer (E1, 100:50:50 NPK, kg ha-1), at Vegetable research station, organic condition (E2, well rotten FYM+Vermicompost) and 25% high fertilizer dose (E3, 125: 62.5: 62.5 NPK, kg ha-1) at Instruction farm of Agronomy, JAU, Junagadh, Gujarat, India in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications . The mean sum of squares due to genotype (G), environment (E), G×E interaction and E+(G×E) obtained significant for all the traits indicating that characters significantly interacted in different environments and environment created by different dose of fertilizer was justified. The environment index indicated that normal fertilizer environment was best suited for most of traits and organic environment suited for TSS content. Phenotypic stability analysis revealed that stable genotypes GRB-5 and GJB-2×GRB-5 and GRB-5×SB for days to first flowering, GJBH-4, GJB-2×SB, GJB-3×GJB-2 and SB×GJB-2 for days to first picking, SB×JBCL-16-12 for fruit girth, JBCL-17-01× GJB-2 for number of fruits plant-1 and GJB-3, GRB-5 and GJB-3×SB for TSS content over environments. GRB-5×JBCL-16-12 suitable for better environment for fruit yield plant-1. None of the parent and cross found stable for fruit yield plant-1 over environments suggested that environment difference was wider and genotypes stable for other traits can be used in future breeding programme for developing stable genotypes.
Pengaruh Hukum Adat dalam Pengaturan Pemerintahan Desa: Perspektif Normatif
Authors: Rahmasari Betha , Umami Afriza , Gautama Tirta 
Published: August 2023

Pengaruh hukum adat dalam pemerintahan desa dari perspektif normatif dan tantangan harmonisasi dengan hukum positif melibatkan perbedaan sumber, asas, dan prosedur hukum. Tujuan dari tulisan ini mengetahui pengaruh hukum adat dalam pengaturan pemerintahan desa, dengan fokus pada perspektif normatif, analisis tantangan harmonisasi hukum adat dan hukum positif, serta memberikan wawasan dan rekomendasi kebijakan. Dengan menggunakan metode normatif. Tantangan juga mencakup pengetahuan terbatas aparat desa, perlindungan hak masyarakat adat, serta perubahan sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya terhadap hukum adat di desa. Untuk mencapai harmonisasi, langkah konkret yang diperlukan adalah peningkatan kesadaran dan pemahaman tentang hukum adat, pengakuan resmi terhadap hukum adat, harmonisasi ketentuan, mekanisme penyelesaian sengketa, penguatan kapasitas pemangku kepentingan, dan kolaborasi dengan masyarakat adat, pemerintah desa, lembaga hukum positif, dan akademisi. Pengakuan formal terhadap hukum adat menjadi kunci penting dalam pemerintahan desa, sementara kerjasama dan koordinasi antara semua pihak juga esensial untuk mencapai harmonisasi yang lebih baik. Penguatan kapasitas para pemangku kepentingan terkait hukum adat dan pemerintahan desa juga sangat diperlukan dalam mencapai keselarasan yang optimal.
Accuracy of predictive equations for resting energy expenditure estimation in mechanically ventilated Thai patients
Authors: Kongpolprom Napplika 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:
Indirect calorimetry (IC) is the most precise approach for estimating calorie demand in critically ill patients. Despite this, owing to unaffordable devices, it is rarely used in practice. Predictive equations are the alternatives.

Objectives:
To assess the accuracy of 14 predictive resting energy expenditure(REE) equations in ventilated Thai patients.

Methods:
We compared the accuracy and agreement of 14 equations. The equations included the American College of Chest Physicians(ACCP) equation, Harris–Benedict equation(HBE), 1.2×HBE, 1.5×HBE, Mifflin–St. Jeor(MSJ), Ireton-Jones 1992 and 2002, Penn State 2003(HBE and MSJ) and 2010, Swinamer 1990, Faisy, Brandi 1999, and 25 kcal/kg equation. An equation was ascertained as accurate if the calculated values fell within ±10% of the measured REEs. Spearman correlation coefficient, Bland–Altman method, and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to analysis.

Results:
We obtained data from 24 ventilated patients undergoing REE measurement by IC. Fifty percent of them were male with a median age of 64.5 years, a median height of 160 cm, and a median body mass index of 22.95 kg/m2. The predictive precision of all equations was poor, with largely different accuracies from 6.7% to 48.1%. The most reliable equation was Penn State 2010. The ACCP, HBE, MSJ, and Penn State 2003(HBE) tended to underestimate calorie need. Contrastingly, the other equations tended to overestimate REEs. Despite a moderate degree of correlations, the Bland–Altman plots demonstrated clinically unacceptable discrepancies between measured REE and REE calculated by each equation.

Conclusions:
In ventilated Thai patients, there were no precise equations for determining REE.
Pengungkapan Sustainability Reporting, Intellectual Capital, dan Nilai Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Pertambangan
Authors: Karya I Made Adi Saputra , Mimba Ni Putu Sri Harta 
Published: August 2023

The research aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the disclosure of Sustainability Reporting and Intellectual Capital on company value in the mining industry. This research was conducted at mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016 to 2019. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a total of 32 observations during the study period. The data analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. This study shows that Sustainability Reporting has a significant negative effect on firm value, while Intellectual Capital has a significant positive effect on firm value.Keywords : Company Value; Intellectual Capital; Sustainability Reporting.
Analisis Struktur Modal Perusahaan Rokok yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Wiguna Ketut Pradnyana , Yasa Gerianta Wirawan 
Published: August 2023

The research aims to analyze the capital structure of the cigarette business listed on the IDX for 2016-2021 which is thought to be influenced by asset structure, liquidity and profitability. The population used is the cigarette business listed on the IDX for the 2016-2021 period with a sample determined using certain criteria (purposive sampling method) and obtained 5 issuers as the sample. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of the study prove that asset structure has a positive impact, while liquidity and profitability have a negative impact on the capital structure of cigarette companies. This condition proves that a business when determining its capital structure pays attention to the profit it can generate, the ownership of fixed assets that can be used as collateral for debt, and the smoothness of paying short-term debt.
Keywords:Capital Structure; Asset Structure; Liquidity; Profitability
Big Five Personality Traits dan Skeptisisme Profesional Auditor
Authors: Saraswati Putu Bernika , Latrini Made Yenni 
Published: August 2023

Professional skepticism is an attitude that consistently questions and critically evaluates audit evidence. A high attitude of professional skepticism will produce a quality audit report in which the personality factor is one of the factors. Personality indicators that are declared valid are the big five personality. The aim of this study is to empirically prove the effect of the big five personality traits on the professional skepticism of auditors in the Public Accounting Firm of the Province of Bali. The research was conducted at the Bali Province Public Accountant Office by distributing questionnaires. The research sample is 55 auditors, determined by purposive sampling method. Data were analyzed using multiple linear analysis techniques. The results of the study prove that the traits of openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness have a significant positive effect, while neuroticism has a significant negative effect on the auditor's professional skepticism.
Keywords: Professional Skepticism; Big Five Personalit; Auditor’s Personality Traits; Public Accounting Firm
Love of Money, Religiusitas, Machiavellian dan Persepsi Etis Auditor
Authors: Oktavia Ruwu Eva , Sujana I Ketut 
Published: August 2023

The research aims to analyze the effect of love of money, religiosity, Machiavellian on auditors' ethical perceptions. The population and sample of this study are auditors who work in Public Accounting Firms in the city of Denpasar, Bali. This study used a saturated sample technique with a large number of samples used, namely 47 respondents. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study show that the love of money has a positive effect on the auditor's ethical perceptions. This shows that the higher the love of money, the lower the auditor's ethical perception. Religiosity has a positive effect on the auditor's ethical perceptions. This shows that the higher the religiosity, the higher the auditor's ethical perception. Machiavellian has a positive effect on the auditor's ethical perceptions. This shows that the higher the Machiavellian, the lower the auditor's ethical perception.
Keywords: Auditor; Ethical Perception; Love Of Money; Machiavellian; Religiosity.