bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subclinical minute FLT3‐ITD clone can be detected in clinically FLT3‐ITD‐negative acute myeloid leukaemia at diagnosis
Authors: Yokoyama Shota , Onozawa Masahiro , Yoshida Shota , Miyashita Naoki , Kimura Hiroyuki , Takahashi Shogo , Matsukawa Toshihiro , Goto Hideki , Fujisawa Shinichi , Miki Kosuke , Hidaka Daisuke , Hashiguchi Junichi , Wakasa Kentaro , Ibata Makoto , Takeda Yukari , Shigematsu Akio , Fujimoto Katsuya , Tsutsumi Yutaka , Mori Akio , Ishihara Toshimichi , Kakinoki Yasutaka , Kondo Takeshi , Hashimoto Daigo , Teshima Takanori 
Published: April 2023

SummaryRecent advances in next‐generation sequencing (NGS) have enabled the detection of subclinical minute FLT3‐ITD. We selected 74 newly diagnosed, cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) samples in which FLT3‐ITD was not detected by gel electrophoresis. We sequenced them using NGS and found minute FLT3‐ITDs in 19 cases. We compared cases with clinically relevant FLT3‐ITD (n = 37), cases with minute FLT3‐ITD (n = 19) and cases without detectable FLT3‐ITD (n = 55). Molecular characteristics (location and length) of minute FLT3‐ITD were similar to those of clinically relevant FLT3‐ITD. Survival of cases with minute FLT3‐ITD was similar to that of cases without detectable FLT3‐ITD, whereas the relapse rate within 1 year after onset was significantly higher in cases with minute FLT3‐ITD. We followed 18 relapsed samples of cases with clinically FLT3‐ITD‐negative at diagnosis. Two of 3 cases with minute FLT3‐ITD relapsed with progression to clinically relevant FLT3‐ITD. Two of 15 cases in which FLT3‐ITD was not detected by NGS relapsed with the emergence of minute FLT3‐ITD, and one of them showed progression to clinically relevant FLT3‐ITD at the second relapse. We revealed the clonal dynamics of subclinical minute FLT3‐ITD in clinically FLT3‐ITD‐negative AML. Minute FLT3‐ITD at the initial AML can expand to become a dominant clone at relapse.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in India
Authors: Agarwal Ritesh , Sehgal Inderpaul Singh , Muthu Valliappan , Dhar Raja , Armstrong‐James Darius 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAllergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a lung disorder caused by immune‐mediated reactions mounted against Aspergillus fumigatus. The disorder most commonly complicates the course of patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. From its first description in 1952, significant advances have been made in understanding the pathogenesis and the diagnosis and treatment of ABPA. In the last two decades, most research on ABPA has been published from India. The prevalence and clinical presentation may differ in India from that reported elsewhere. Herein, we review the epidemiology, clinical and radiological characteristics, and distinctive features of ABPA in the Indian subcontinent. To support the review, we surveyed pulmonologists nationwide to understand the challenges in diagnosing and managing ABPA. The survey has yielded valuable insights into the practices associated with the diagnosis and management of ABPA in India.
A Recurrent Connectionist Model of Melody Perception: An Exploration Using TRACX2
Authors: Defays Daniel , French Robert M. , Tillmann Barbara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAre similar, or even identical, mechanisms used in the computational modeling of speech segmentation, serial image processing, and music processing? We address this question by exploring how TRACX2, a recognition‐based, recursive connectionist autoencoder model of chunking and sequence segmentation, which has successfully simulated speech and serial‐image processing, might be applied to elementary melody perception. The model, a three‐layer autoencoder that recognizes “chunks” of short sequences of intervals that have been frequently encountered on input, is trained on the tone intervals of melodically simple French children's songs. It dynamically incorporates the internal representations of these chunks into new input. Its internal representations cluster in a manner that is consistent with “human‐recognizable” melodic categories. TRACX2 is sensitive to both contour and proximity information in the musical chunks that it encounters in its input. It shows the “end‐of‐word” superiority effect demonstrated by Saffran et al. (1999) for short musical phrases. The overall findings suggest that the recursive autoassociative chunking mechanism, as implemented in TRACX2, may be a general segmentation and chunking mechanism, underlying not only word‐ and image‐chunking, but also elementary melody processing.
Bidirectional associations between psoriasis and migraine: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Huang I‐Hsin , Hung Wei‐Kai , Chi Ching‐Chi 
Published: April 2023

SummaryBackground and ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between psoriasis and migraine.Patients and MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for relevant observational studies from their respective inception to May 1, 2022. A random‐effects model meta‐analysis was performed to calculate the risk estimates quantifying the associations between psoriasis and migraine. We also performed a sensitivity analysis by including only studies with adjusted risk estimates and a subgroup analysis according to the severity of psoriasis.ResultsWe included 9 studies with 6,742,075 participants. The meta‐analysis illustrated increased odds for prevalent migraine among patients with psoriasis (pooled OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.26–2.28) and increased odds for prevalent psoriasis among those with migraine (OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.32–3.67). A subgroup analysis of cohort studies demonstrated an increasingly higher risk of incident migraine in patients with mild psoriasis and severe psoriasis (IRR being 1.37 (95% CI 1.30–1.44) and 1.55 (95% CI 1.29–1.86), respectively).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis revealed significant bidirectional associations between migraine and psoriasis. Greater severity of psoriasis appears to be associated with a higher risk of developing migraine. Clinicians should evaluate symptoms of migraine in patients with psoriasis and provide proper treatments.
Multivariate evaluation of cold tolerance in domestic and foreign populations for addressing climate mismatch in biological control of Alternanthera philoxeroides in the USA
Authors: Knight Ian A. , Harms Nathan E. , Reddy Angelica M. , Pratt Paul D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLack of successful biological control of alligatorweed, Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. (Amaranthaceae), by Agasicles hygrophila Selman & Vogt (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in the USA is an emerging problem as A. philoxeroides expands into temperate climates due to poor cold tolerance of the beetles. Sourcing climatically suited biotypes of biological control agents is traditionally done through foreign exploration into their native range; however, surveying introduced populations may provide a cost‐effective and regulatory‐friendly alternative. To compare foreign biotypes to those established in the USA, two populations of A. hygrophila were collected from the coolest extent of their range in South America, and two populations were collected from stable populations in the southeastern USA. For comparing cold tolerance among introduced populations, eight populations were collected from across a climatic gradient. For all populations, cold tolerance was measured as a function of supercooling point, critical thermal minimum (CTmin), chill coma, and temperature‐dependent survival and development of eggs and larvae. Results of cold‐tolerance measures for North American populations were subjected to principal component analysis (PCA) to reduce dimensionality and detect trends in cold tolerance among populations. For foreign and locally collected A. hygrophila, South American populations were significantly more cold tolerant as measured by CTmin (Δ1.98 °C), chill coma (Δ1.95 °C), larval survival (Δ35.0%), and development time of eggs (24.7% faster) and larvae (17.4% faster) at 15 °C. Comparisons among North American populations found significant differences in cold tolerance across populations; however, results were less consistent than those observed for foreign populations. The first principal component (PC) explained 43.0% of variation in cold‐tolerance metrics and was strongly related to mean temperature of the coldest quarter. The use of a multivariate approach to evaluate and compare cold‐tolerance phenotypes provides strong evidence of local adaptation in introduced populations of A. hygrophila. However, South American populations may still provide the best chance for control of A. philoxeroides in northern infestations.
Distinctive epidemiology and prognosis of de novo and secondary cutaneous angiosarcoma patients
Authors: Ye Junsen , Han Wei , Xu Jin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous angiosarcoma (cAS) is a rare and not well‐established malignant neoplasm characterized by dismal prognosis. Treatment for cAS remains controversial.ObjectiveFrom 1975 to 2016, a total of 872 patients with cAS (379 secondary cAS [s‐cAS] patients and 493 de novo cAS [dn‐cAS]) patients were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.MethodsSurvival analyses were performed utilizing Kaplan‐Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsBoth the number of s‐cAS patients and dn‐cAS patients climbed steadily over 42 years. There is a gradual increase in the proportion of s‐cAS among whole cAS patients for each interval, ranging from 0% to 51.2%.Taking into account a combination of Kaplan‐Meier and Cox regression methods, the survival of s‐cAS is similar to dn‐cAS. On multivariate analysis, older age, greater tumor size, primary site located at lower extremity, advanced stage, and no surgery were independent prognostic factors of decreased overall survival (OS) in both the s‐cAS and dn‐cAS groups.ConclusionApparent increase in the number of s‐cAS patients requires further attention. Surgery is still recommended for the treatment of both s‐cAS and dn‐cAS patients, and the requirement for treatment improvement is imperative.
COVID‐19 lockdown policy and national elections: A quasi‐experimental analysis of Ghana's 2020 Election
Authors: Ayifah Rebecca Nana Yaa , Ayifah Emmanuel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has undoubtedly had a significant adverse effect on world democracies, especially elections scheduled in 2020. Per constitutional requirements, Ghana's presidential and parliamentary elections were held on 7 December 2020. Using longitudinal national election data, we investigate the effect of the COVID‐19 lockdown policy on the number of registered voters, voter turnout and vote shares of the incumbent and main opposition parties. We took advantage of the partial lockdown that was imposed in some parts of the country and employed the difference‐in‐difference quasi‐experimental method. The results show that the COVID‐19 lockdown had a positive effect on the number of registered voters and a negative effect on voter turnout. In addition, we did not find any incumbency advantage or disadvantage resulting from the COVID‐19 lockdown but the COVID‐19 lockdown had a positive effect on the vote share of the opposition party. These results suggest the need for other voting methods such as early voting, increasing the number of polling stations/voting centres, electronic voting and vote‐by‐mail which involve lesser social interaction and hence may encourage electoral participation during health pandemics.
Impact of agricultural credit disbursement on cereals yield in Odisha
Authors: Mahapatra Bamadev , Jena Diptimayee 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRealizing the significance of agricultural credit and considering millets and rice are the major crops in Odisha, this study proposes to examine the impact of agricultural credit disbursement (crop loan and term loan) on the yield of total cereals, millets and rice for the period 2000–01 to 2019–20. To examine the cointegration relationship among the variables, an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound F‐test, and to investigate the impact of agricultural credit on yield of total cereals, millets and rice, an ARDL regression modelling framework is employed. The empirical result for the bounding F‐test provides a statistically significant relationship between agricultural credit and yield of total cereals, millets and rice at 1% level, confirming the long‐run equilibrium relationship in the models. The long‐run impact of crop loans positively affects the yield of total cereals and rice, whereas it has no statistically significant effect on the yield of millets. Moreover, the change in term loan negatively affects the yield of total cereals, millets and rice in the long‐run, where the magnitude is higher in the rice yield compared to the yield of millets. However, in the short‐run, both crop and term loans negatively affect the yield of total cereals, millets and rice. Based on the findings of this study, few policy implications have been suggested to reduce the negative consequences of agricultural credit on cereal yields in Odisha.
Using multimedia technology to enhance self‐advocacy of people with intellectual disabilities: Introducing a theoretical framework for ‘Multimedia Advocacy’
Authors: Watts Paul , Kwiatkowska Gosia , Minnion Andy 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultimedia Advocacy is the use of digital technology for people with intellectual disabilities as means of developing identities, being heard, connecting to family and care networks and, advocating for change.MethodsWe explore principles and theories that underpin Multimedia Advocacy, mapping disciplinary approaches that have influenced the concept and praxis.ResultsWe describe relevant theories from cultural and media studies, personal therapeutic practices, communication, universal design, and systemic adoption of technology. We discuss new ways of achieving person‐centred working with digital technology. We aim to develop a stronger theory/practice dialogue between these disciplines.ConclusionsThe theories described highlight the importance of embedding access and use of digital technology within everyday settings. Long‐term implementation plans and buy‐in from all organisational levels are required for Multimedia Advocacy tools to be embraced by health and social care systems so the voice of an individual is included and genuine person‐centred practice is achieved.
Online Monitoring of Test‐Taking Behavior Based on Item Responses and Response Times
Authors: Han Suhwa , Kang Hyeon‐Ah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe study presents multivariate sequential monitoring procedures for examining test‐taking behaviors online. The procedures monitor examinee's responses and response times and signal aberrancy as soon as significant change is identifieddetected in the test‐taking behavior. The study in particular proposes three schemes to track different indicators of a test‐taking mode—the observable manifest variables, latent trait variables, and measurement likelihood. For each procedure, sequential sampling strategies are presented to implement online monitoring. Numerical experimentation based on simulated data suggests that the proposed procedures demonstrate adequate performance. The procedures identified examinees with aberrant behaviors with high detection power and timeliness, while maintaining error rates reasonably small. Experimental application to real data also suggested that the procedures have practical relevance to real assessments. Based on the observations from the experiential analysis, the study discusses implications and guidelines for practical use.
Preliminary evaluation of Kovacs digital occlusal splint in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders: A single‐centre, cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hua Jiangshan , Fan Xingda , Nie Xin , He Dongmei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDigital occlusal splint is a novel approach in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and there is a lack of evaluation.ObjectiveTo introduce Kovacs digital occlusal splint (KDOS) and evaluate its clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcomes and influencing factors in the treatment of TMD.Patients and MethodsPatients diagnosed of TMD by MRI and treated with KDOS from June 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. They were divided into three groups: anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR), anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDwoR) and ADDwoR + osteoarthritis (ADDwoR + OA). Visual analogue scales (VAS) scores of pain, diet, mandibular function, quality of life (Qol) and maximum interincisal opening were compared before and at least 8 weeks after treatment. Binary logistic regression was used to analyse the influence of four factors including age, gender, Wilkes stage and the severity of symptoms on treatment. MRI was used to evaluate the condylar bone status and disc length after at least 3 months treatment.ResultsOne hundred and eighty‐four patients were included in the study. The average age was 30.9 ± 14.2 years and the average follow‐up was 19.8 ± 10.0 weeks. Pain, diet, mandibular function and Qol were all significantly improved after KDOS treatment (p < .05), with the effective rates of 71.6%, 56.4%, 55.3% and 54.1%. Binary logistic regression showed that higher probabilities of improvement were related to the patients with older age, ADD without OA and higher VAS scores before treatment. MRI showed that 94.1% of the condylar bone status remained stable or improved and the disc length was unchanged after treatment.ConclusionKDOS is effective for the treatment of TMD. Older age, ADD without OA and higher VAS scores before treatment had better results.
Right and left liver lobe biopsies by minilaparoscopy reveal clinically significant sampling error in staging and grading of autoimmune hepatitis
Authors: Johannes Hartl , Malte Wehmeyer , Shaima Alali , Marcial Sebode , Sören Weidemann , Anastasiya Ptashynska , Christina Weiler‐Normann , Christoph Schramm , Willhelm Lohse Ansgar , Till Krech , Jörg Schrader 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgrounds/AimsLiver diseases may affect the liver heterogeneously, especially in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Hence, the aim of this study was to assess the added benefit of double biopsy of both liver lobes during minilaparoscopy in guiding treatment decisions in patients with AIH.MethodsWe identified all patients with AIH or variant syndromes (AIH/PBC and AIH/PSC) at our center, who underwent a double biopsy of both liver lobes via minilaparoscopy between 01/2016 and 12/2020.ResultsA total of 114 patients received a biopsy of both liver lobes (AIH: N = 83, AIH/PBC: N = 26, AIH/PSC: N = 7). Differences in inflammatory activity as assessed by Ishaks's modified hepatitis activity index (mHAI) were observed in 72 (63%) patients. The difference was ≥2/18 points and ≥3/18 points in 32 (28%) and 11 (10%) patients, respectively. Starting or intensification of immunosuppression should be discussed at a mHAI of 4–5, while a mHAI≥6 prompts intensified immunosuppression in most cases. In 19/114 (17%) and 17/114 (15%) patients mHAI ≥4 or ≥6 was found in only one liver lobe, respectively. In ten patients, severe fibrosis (≥F3) was only found in one liver biopsy. Overall, therapeutically relevant histological differences were observed in 39/114 (34%) patients, which had a direct impact on treatment decisions in 24 patients (21%). No major adverse outcome occurred by taking biopsies from both liver lobes.ConclusionsObtaining a double biopsy of both liver lobes is a safe procedure during minilaparoscopy that results in more accurate grading and staging and that may impact on treatment decisions in patients with AIH.
The Unbearable Whiteness of Citational Practice in US Medical Anthropology
Authors: Davis Dána‐Ain , Mulla Sameena 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this article, we examine the citational practices of US medical anthropology and seek to decenter Western‐centric theory to minimize its theoretical dominance in the field. We call for a robust engagement with a broader variety of texts, genres of evidence, methodologies, and interdisciplinary forms of expertise and epistemology in response to the unbearable whiteness of the citational practices we critique. The practices are unbearable in that they do not support or scaffold the work we need to do as anthropologists. We hope this article invites readers to move in different citational directions to build foundations and epistemologies that support and enrich the capacity for anthropological analysis.
Not Even a Pandemic Makes Them Change Their Family Plans: The Impact of COVID‐19 on Fertility Intentions in Austria
Authors: Buber‐Ennser Isabella , Setz Ingrid , Riederer Bernhard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhile researchers provided insights on the impact of the pandemic on childbirths, there is limited research on how the aftermath of the pandemic has shaped thoughts about family formation in the medium to long term. Our analysis explores perceived consequences of the pandemic on individuals' family plans. We focus on Austria, a high‐income country, characterized by a history of stable and low fertility and deeply rooted conservative family and work arrangements. Using a large representative survey carried out in fall 2021, we study self‐assessed consequences of the pandemic on family plans among women aged 20–45 years and men aged 20–50 years. Results show that only 7.6 percent of respondents intending (further) children before the pandemic changed their plans due to the pandemic. Women, persons of later reproductive ages, and parents of two or more children were more likely to intend to have less children or to have them later than initially planned. Nevertheless, the mean intended family size has remained almost unchanged since the mid‐1990s. Overall, the long‐term impact of the pandemic on family plans can be expected to be modest in Austria. Not even the pandemic made (most) respondents in Austria change their family plans.
Who speaks? Individual and institutional predictors of CEO activism
Authors: Cook Alison , Glass Christy , Ingersoll Alicia R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCEOs increasingly take public stands on social and political issues tangential to their corporation.s core mission. Emergent research on this phenomenon has explored the prevalence, impacts and risks of increasing CEO activism for firms. However, very little research has explored the individual and institutional factors that motivate CEO activism. This project attempts to refocus this nascent field by exploring the gendered, racial, sexual and organizational factors that motivate leaders to speak out on issues ranging from DEI, gun control, climate change, Black Lives Matter and #MeToo.MethodTo answer our research question ‐ who speaks? ‐ we examined CEOs, companies, and key social issues within the Proquest Newsstand Database. First, we conducted a large exploratory study of random men and women CEOs to determine if gender differences exist. Next, we examined all women CEOs in the Fortune 500 and S&P 500 between 2019–2021 to provide a more thorough and nuanced analysis.ResultsWe find that women CEOs are more likely to speak out compared to men CEOs. Further, we find that BIPOC and LGBTQ+ CEOs are more likely to engage in activism compared to other CEOs. We also find that the market value of the firm and the presence of women on the board of directors serve as significant predictors of CEO activism compared to other firms.ConclusionWe consider the implications of these findings for the appointment, tenure and visibility of historically underrepresented CEOs.