bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Y chromosome and mitochondria genetic diversity provide further insights into the introgression history of sheep
Authors: Fang Wenwen , Liu Yu , Zhang Huanhuan , Cai Yudong , Cheng Hong , Xiao Cheng , Jiang Yu , Jin Haiguo , Li Ran , Cao Yang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Introgression is an important way to reveal the origin, domestication, and migration of domestic animals. Great progress has been made in the research on the introgression of domestic sheep from wild sheep over recent years. However, it is still difficult to explain some adaptations to the weather or environment of livestock species because of the complexity of the introgression events and domestication process. Here, we provide further insights into the introgression history of sheep by not only paternal genetic diversity but maternal inheritance based on the whole genome resequencing data of 412 rams worldwide and 396 complete mitogenomes of O.aries.
Results: Analysis of paternal and maternal genetic diversity showed that 5 Y chromosome haplogroups and 7 mitochondrial haplogroups were identified, in which the lineage mtF and mtG were newly found and defined, making a foundation on further investigation to the introgression history of sheep and we speculated the lineage HY2 and mtC were introgressed from Iranian mouflons. We first revealed the mouflon sheep in the central and western Iran have higher introgression ratio into domestic sheep, the average rate reaching above 10%, indicating they were more likely to be the infiltrated ancestral contributors. In addition, the results of enrichment analysis on introgressive fragments showed that the gene flow of Iranian mouflon sheep into domestic sheep mainly enriches pathways such as protein binding, cell migration and other biological reaction process, providing supports for illustrating the climatic and environmental adaptions on domestic sheep. Interestingly, we found an infiltrated gene KYAT3 from Iranian mouflons may have an effect on the metabolism of Ethiopian local sheep.
Conclusion: In this study, we analyzed the Y chromosome and mitochondrial haplotype diversity to identify clades that may influence infiltration in Iranian mouflons, calculated the percentage of infiltration of Iranian mouflons into the world’s domestic sheep and obtained some infiltration fragments adapted to the environment. These results will provide further insights into the introgression history of sheep.
Mental Health and Quality of Life in Patients with Premenstrual Exacerbation: A Cross- Sectional Study in Japan
Authors: Ogawa Mariko , Iioka Yukiko , Takamatsu Kiyoshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Premenstrual symptoms in women affect their social life and require treatment based on an appropriate diagnosis. In the classification of premenstrual disorders (PMDs), premenstrual exacerbations of the underlying medical conditions are listed as premenstrual exacerbation (PME) as one of the variants of PMDs along with core premenstrual disorder (PMD). However, the incidence of PME and its impact on mental health and quality of life have not been studied. Therefore, we examined the prevalence of PME among women seeking treatment for premenstrual symptoms in Japan and compared the degree of anxiety, depression, and quality of life between women with PME and premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
Methods: Women who presented to the obstetrics and gynecology department of our hospital for the treatment of premenstrual symptoms and were diagnosed with PMDs using forward-pointing records were included in the study. Based on the diagnosis, patients were divided into three groups (PMS, PMDD, and PME), and their responses to a mental health and quality of life questionnaire during the initial visit were analyzed.
Results: Overall, 32 women were diagnosed with PMDs (53.1% with PMS, 15.6% with PMDD, and 31.3% with PME). All underlying medical conditions in women with PME were psychiatric disorders. Except for parity, there were no significant differences in various factors among the PMS, PMDD, and PME groups. Regarding mental health, the PME group had higher anxiety and depression scores than the PMS group. In terms of quality of life, the PME group had lower scores in all domains, except physical functioning, compared to the PMS group, while the PMDD group had lower scores in social functioning.
Conclusions: Approximately 30% of women with PMD had PME. Women with PME were more anxious and depressed than those with PMS, and their quality of life was extremely low in both physical and psychological domains. Patients with premenstrual symptoms should be managed with the consideration of the possibility of PME.
Molecular Subtype Identification and Prognosis Stratification Based on Golgi Apparatus-Related Genes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Aichun , He Xiao , Zhang Chen , Tang Xuxia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Abnormal dynamics of the Golgi apparatus reshape the tumor microenvironment and immune landscape, playing a crucial role in the prognosis and treatment response of cancer. This study aims to investigate the potential role of Golgi apparatus-related genes (GARGs) in the heterogeneity and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
Methods: The transcriptional data and corresponding clinical information of HNSCC were obtained from public databases. GARGs with differential expression were identified, and those associated with prognosis were identified through univariate Cox regression analysis. Consensus clustering was used to classify HNSCC into molecular subtypes. Lasso Cox regression analysis was used to screen and construct prognostic risk features for HNSCC, and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the prognostic performance of the risk model. Differences in immune infiltration, clinical and pathological characteristics, and treatment response were compared between different subtypes and risk groups.
Results: A total of 321 GARGs that were differentially expressed were identified, out of which 69 were associated with the prognosis of HNSCC. Based on these prognostic genes, two molecular subtypes of HNSCC were identified, which showed significant differences in prognosis. Additionally, a risk feature consisting of 28 genes was constructed for assessing the prognosis of HNSCC. This feature could divide HNSCC into high-risk and low-risk groups with significant differences in prognosis, and the ROC curve indicated excellent prognostic evaluation performance. This prognostic feature was related to survival outcome, grade, T stage, chemotherapy, and other features. Immune response-related pathways were significantly activated in the low-risk group with better prognosis. There were significant differences in chemotherapy drug sensitivity and immune therapy response between the high-risk and low-risk groups, with the low-risk group being more suitable for receiving immunotherapy. Riskscore, N stage, and radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors for HNSCC and were used to construct a nomogram, which had good clinical applicability.
Conclusions: We have identified two molecular subtypes of HNSCC that are derived from GARGs. A GARGs-derived risgnature was also developed, which can be used in combination with other clinical features for the assessment of HNSCC prognosis.
A challenging study on compatibility or incompatibility of vegetable-based lubricant with human health
Authors: Musavi Seyed hasan , Davoodi Behnam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
More than 70% of industrial lubricant waste releases into nature after a period of utilization without any filtration stage. Knowing environmental concerns and increasing regulations over pollution, the request to use risk-free lubricant is irrefutable. One of these lubricants is vegetable-based cutting fluid (VBCF), which has recently attracted attention. The present work has tried to study the compatibility or incompatibility of VBCF with human health and provide a method for eliminating or reducing their potential risks. To achieve this goal, a study on one of the most known, destructive, and accessible microbes (Pseudomonas) in the workshop environment was performed. The results showed that Pseudomonas could multiply in solid and liquid mediums, and its colonies could quickly propagate in VBCF. Therefore, as a significant achievement in this study, unreinforced VBCF is not a suitable selection from a health point of view. Although these cutting fluids are introduced as a compatible lubricant with humans and the environment, bacteria and mold can multiply swiftly without apparent alterations. It was also observed that using nanoparticles like copper-oxide with a specific volume fraction (0.4%) could fight with the biofilm of Pseudomonas to destroy the colonies at the initial time of their formation. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images and Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis also studied the machinability attributes. The machining tests indicated that the nanofluid also greatly impacts the control of tool wear mechanisms and surface quality in A286 superalloy machining.
Block-circulant with circulant-block preconditioners for two-dimensional spatial fractional diffusion equations
Authors: Ran Yu-Hong , Wu Qian-Qian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The implicit finite difference scheme with the shifted Grünwald formula for discretizing the two-dimensional spatial fractional diffusion equations can result in discrete linear systems whose coefficient matrices are the sum of the identity matrix and a block-Toeplitz with Toeplitz-block matrix. For these coefficient matrices, we construct block-circulant with circulant-block preconditioners to further accelerate the convergence rate of the Krylov subspace iteration methods. We analyze the eigenvalue distributions for the corresponding preconditioned matrices. Theoretical results show that the Euclidean norms of the preconditioned matrices are bounded, and except for a small number of outliners the eigenvalues of the preconditioned matrices are located within a complex disk centered at 1 with the radius being very small. Numerical experiments demonstrate that these structured preconditioners can significantly improve the convergence behavior of the Krylov subspace iteration methods. Moreover, when the discretization grid h is refined, the preconditioned Krylov subspace iteration methods require an almost constant number of iteration steps and, hence, they show h-independent convergence behavior.
Complete genome sequence of a novel isolate of avian orthoavulavirus serotype 1 from Himalayan Griffon vulture
Authors: Bhattacharya Shinjini , Deka Pankaj , Das Sangeeta , Ali Samshul , Choudhury Bhaskar , Kakati Parikshit , Kumar Sachin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Newcastle disease virus (NDV), also known as orthoavulavirus 1, is an avian pathogen that was originally identified in 1926 [10, 16]. NDV infection has been reported in a wide range of birds with varied degrees of susceptibility [14]. Several countries worldwide, including Korea, India, Sri Lanka, Japan, Australia, and the Philippines, reported successive ND outbreaks [1, 6, 23, 27]. According to National Animal Disease Referral Expert System (NADRES) data, NDV outbreaks have been reported recently from different states in India including Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Pondicherry, West Bengal, Tripura, Manipur, Meghalaya, Haryana, Nagaland, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh. Many isolates have been reported from wild avian species apart from poultry in India [11, 12, 22]. On the basis of virulence, NDV strains are broadly categorized as lentogenic (least), mesogenic (moderately), and velogenic (highly) pathotypes [2].
Analysis of clinical characteristics and predisposing risk factors of the contralateral hip fracture after initial hip fracture in elderly patients—A retrospective cohort study of 1,586 patients
Authors: Zhao Liping , Tian Shoujin , Sha Weiping , Wang Liming , Xu Youjia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Contralateral hip fracture may occur easily in elderly patients with initial hip fracture. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and major predisposing risk factors of contralateral hip fractures after initial hip fracture in the elderly, providing clinical basis for hip refracture prevention. Data of 1,586 patients were retrospectively analyzed, who sustained first and second hip fracture, and all underwent surgical treatment in our department. The possible predictive factors for the contralateral hip fractures and descriptive statistics related to surgery (blood loss, operation time, the length of hospital stay etc) were recorded. 133 patients suffered from contralateral hip fracture, with the incidence of 8.4%. The refracture rates after femoral neck and intertrochanteric fracture was 5.4% and 10.7% respectively(P<0.01). 54 cases of contralateral hip fracture occurred within 1 year, accounting for 40.6%, 95 cases(71.4%) and 105 cases(78.9%) within two and three years respectvely, the interval time of 21.6 months. The risk factors for sustaining contralateral hip fracture were age, first fracture type, Bone mineral density(BMD), Singh index and concomitant internal medical diseases, which were highly associated with an increased risk for contralateral hip fractures in multivariate logistic regression analysis(P<0.05). Concomitant internal medical diseases, first fracture type，BMD, Singh index and age were found to be the key predictable risk factors for contralateral hip fracture in the elderly with first hip fracture.
A modified classification and treatment strategy for subscapular tendon tears under arthroscopy
Authors: Luo Cheng , Chen Yan , Li Shangzhong , Zhu Biao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Given the increasing anatomical study of the subscapular (SSC) tendon and its adjacent anatomical structure, the present study proposed a modified arthroscopic classification system.
Methods: Between April 2018 and April 2021, 119 of 312 rotator cuff tears with isolated SSC tears or SSC tears associated with supraspinatus (SP) or infraspinatus tendon (IS) tears diagnosed by the author were considered potentially eligible for inclusion in this prospective study. In addition to routine arthroscopic examination, the present study carefully identified the SSC tear and adjacent long head biceps(LHB) and pulley as well as performed corresponding treatment according to the lesion. All procedures were performed by the author as a single surgeon.
Results: This study modified SSC tears classification defined by Habermeyer Pinto eight types according to tears size and bicipital pulley lesions : Type I tears are located in the superior third of the first facet footprint of the SSC tendon; Type Ia tears accompany an intact LHB pulley or superior glenohumeral ligament(SGHL)lesion , while Type Ib tears accompany a medial coracohumeral ligaments(mCHL) tear or SGHL lesion. Type II tears are defined as the detachment of SSC exceeding one-third of the first facet footprint but not exceeding the whole; Type IIa tears accompany an intact LHB pulley or SGHL lesion, while Type IIb tears accompany a mCHL tear or SGHL lesion. Type III tears are defined as SSC detachment exceeding the first facet footprint but not exceeding the second facet footprint; Type IIIa tears accompany an intact LHB pulley or SGHL lesion, while Type IIIb tears accompany a mCHL tear or SGHL lesion. Type IV tears are defined as SSC detachment exceedingthe second facet footprint regardless of the tendon quality and retraction; Type IVa tears accompany an intact LHB pulley or SGHL lesion, while Type IVb tears accompany a mCHL tear or SGHL lesion
Conclusions: On the basis of these observations, this modified arthroscopic classification of SSC tears was more concise and provided guideline according to tear type and obtained satisfactory early-and mid-stage clinical results.
Sea-land connectivity in the global complex network: the case of United Kingdom
Authors: Martín Barbara Polo , Ducruet César 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The main objective of this research is to analyse the connectivity of cities in a coupled network made of planar (railways) and non-planar (maritime) topologies. It takes the state of the network during the period 1880–1925, namely the context of the First Globalization wave (1880–1914), when trade and urban development were closely tied to progress in communications systems and especially steam propulsion. Edges represent intercity physical infrastructure on land, and inter-port ship voyages at sea. We test several hypotheses in terms of inter-network specialization and urban hierarchies. Main results underline a crucial influence of railway proximity on vessel traffic volume. A case study of the United Kingdom also reveals that the networks are highly interdependent, while the combination of infrastructures is closely associated with city size and urban growth. We discuss main results in the light of network science, spatial science, maritime history, and transport research.
Developing a Charlson Comorbidity Index for the American Indian Population Using the Epidemiologic Data from the Strong Heart Study
Authors: Rogers Paul , Merenda Christine , Araojo Richardae , Lee Christine , Lolic Milena , Zhang Ying , Reese Jessica , Malloy Kimberly , Wang Dong , Zou Wen , Xu Joshua , Lee Elisa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a frequently used mortality predictor based on a scoring system for the number and type of patient comorbidities health researchers have used since the late 1980s. The initial purpose of the CCI was to classify comorbid conditions, which could alter the risk of patient mortality within a one-year time frame. However, the CCI may not accurately reflect risk among American Indians because they are a small proportion of the U.S. population and possibly lack representation in the original patient cohort. A motivating factor in calibrating a CCI for American Indians is that this population, as a whole, experiences a greater burden of comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic health conditions, than the rest of the U.S. population.
Methods
This study attempted to modify the CCI to be specific to the American Indian population utilizing the data from the still ongoing The Strong Heart Study (SHS) - a multi-center population-based longitudinal study of cardiovascular disease among American Indians.
A one-year survival analysis with mortality as the outcome was performed using the SHS morbidity and mortality surveillance data and assessing the impact of comorbidities in terms of hazard ratios with the training cohort. A Kaplan-Meier plot for a subset of the testing cohort was used to compare groups with selected mCCI-AI scores.
Results
A total of 3,038 Phase VI participants from the SHS comprised the study population for whom mortality and morbidity surveillance data were available through December 2019. The weights generated by the SHS participants for myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, and high blood pressure were greater than Charlson’s original weights. In addition, the weights for liver illness were equivalent to Charlson’s severe form of the disease. Lung cancer had the greatest overall weight derived from a hazard ratio of 8.308.
Conclusions
The mCCI-AI was a statistically significant predictor of one-year mortality, classifying patients into different risk strata X2 (8, N = 1,245) = 30.56 (p = .0002). The mCCI-AI exhibited superior performance over the CCI, able to discriminate between participants who died and those who survived 73% of the time.
Robot-Assisted Thoracic Surgery for benign tumors at the cervicothoracic junction：A retrospective study
Authors: Maitiyasen Maierhaba , Peng Hao , Li Jingfeng , Liu Yuxuan , Gao Chuan , Chen Jing , Yi Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of robot-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) using the da Vinci robotic system for benign tumors of the cervicothoracic junction resection, and to describe the patients' postoperative health-related quality of life.
METHODS
This retrospective analysis included 46 patients who underwent RATS for benign cervicothoracic junction tumors between April 2017 and December 2021. Clinical data, including manifestation, surgical technique, morbidity, resection degree, outcome, and pathological types, were collected. We administered the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire to assess patients' postoperative health-related quality of life.
RESULTS
All patients underwent successful resection of a benign tumor at the cervicothoracic junction with no intraoperative complications. The median operation time was 105 min, median duration of the chest tube was 1 d, and median postoperative hospital stay was 2 days. Four (8.7%) patients developed postoperative complications. The 3-year overall survival rate was 100% and the 5-year overall survival rate was 87.5%. An elderly patient died 56 months after surgery due to heart attack. No recurrence was found during the follow-up. For health-related quality of life, the mean EQ-5D-5L index for all patients was 0.808. Tumor sizes larger than 5 cm(mean ± SD = 0.768 ± 0.111, F = 5.173, p = 0.028) and neurogenic tumors (mean ± SD = 0.702 ± 0.082, F=-16.143, p < 0.001) remained significantly independently associated with a lower EQ-5D-5L index.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated that robot-assisted thoracic surgery for benign tumors of the cervicothoracic junction is a safe and technically feasible procedure, especially for tumors < 5 cm and non-neurogenic tumors.