bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working memory load impairs transfer learning in human adults
Authors: Balter Leonie J. T. , Raymond Jane E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTransfer of learning refers to successful application of previously acquired knowledge or skills to novel settings. Although working memory (WM) is thought to play a role in transfer learning, direct evidence of the effect of limitations in WM on transfer learning is lacking. To investigate, we used an acquired equivalence paradigm that included tests of association and transfer learning. The effects of imposing an acute WM limitation on young adults was tested (within-subjects design: N = 27 adults; Mage = 24 years) by conducting learning transfer tests concurrent with a secondary task that required carrying a spatial WM load when performing the learned/transfer trial (Load condition) to acutely limit WM resources or no WM load (No-Load condition; WM was unloaded prior to performing the learned/transfer trial). Analyses showed that although success on the transfer trials was high in the No-Load condition, performance dropped to chance in the Load condition. Performance on tests of learned associations remained high in both conditions. These results indicate that transfer of learning depends on access to WM resources and suggest that even healthy young individuals may be affected in their ability to cross-utilize knowledge when cognitive resources become scarce, such as when engaging in two tasks simultaneously (e.g., using satellite navigation while driving).
Decompression and degassing, repressurization, and regassing during cyclic eruptions at Guagua Pichincha volcano, Ecuador, 1999–2001
Authors: Wright H. M. N. , Cioni R. , Cashman K. V. , Mothes P. , Rosi M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn 1999–2001, Guagua Pichincha volcano, Ecuador, produced a series of cyclic explosive and effusive eruptions. Rock samples, including dense blocks and pumiceous clasts collected during the eruption sequence, and ballistic bombs later collected from the crater floor, provide information about magma storage, ascent, decompression, degassing, repressurization, and regassing prior to eruption. Pairs of Fe-Ti oxides indicate equilibrium within 1.2–1.5 log units above the NNO oxidation buffer and equilibrium temperatures from 805 to 905 °C. Melt inclusions record H2O contents of 2.7–4.6 wt% and CO2 contents (uncorrected for CO2 segregation into bubbles) from 19 to 310 ppm. Minimum melt inclusion saturation pressures fall between 69 and 168 MPa, or equilibration depths of 2.8 and 6.8 km, the lower end of which is coincident with the maximum inferred equilibration depths for the most vesicular breadcrust bombs sampled. Amphibole phenocrysts lack breakdown rims (except for one sample) and plagioclase phenocrysts have abundant oscillatory compositional zones. Plagioclase areal microlite number densities (Na) range over less than one order of magnitude (8.9×103–8.7×104 mm-2) among all samples, with the exception of a dense, low crystallinity sample (Na = 3.0×103 mm−2) and a pumiceous sample erupted on 17 December 1999 (Na = 1.7×103 mm−2). Plagioclase microlite shapes include tabular, hopper, and swallowtail forms. Taken together, the relatively high plagioclase microlite number densities, the high number of oscillatory zones in plagioclase phenocrysts, the presence of CO2 in groundmass glass, seismicity, and time-varying tilt cycles provide a picture of sudden evacuation of magma residing at different levels in the shallow conduit. Explosive eruptions punctuate inter-eruptive repose periods marked by time-varying rates of degassing (volatile fluxing) and re-pressurization. Shallow residence time in the conduit was sufficient to allow precipitation of silica-phase in the groundmass, but insufficient to allow breakdown of hornblende phenocrysts, with the one exception of the final dome sample from 2000, which has the longest preceding repose time. These results support a model of cyclic pressure cycling, volatile exsolution and regassing, and magma decompression decoupled from ascent.
Longitudinal relationship between albuminuria in infancy and childhood
Authors: Gracchi Valentina , van den Belt Sophie M. , Corpeleijn Eva , de Zeeuw Dick , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. , Verkade Henkjan J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Mildly increased albuminuria is common in the general adult population and is a strong predictor for cardiovascular events, even in otherwise healthy individuals. The underlying pathophysiological process could be endothelial dysfunction. Previously, we reported that increased albuminuria can also be found in 2-year-olds from the general population. We hypothesized that some individuals have constitutionally higher levels of albuminuria, possibly as an expression of early or inborn endothelial dysfunction. The aim of this study is to evaluate longitudinal persistence of albuminuria from infancy into school age.

Methods
In the population-based GECKO (Groningen Expert Center for Kids with Obesity) cohort, urine was collected from 816 children at the age of 2 years as well as 12 years (random urine and first morning void urine, respectively). We evaluated prevalence and persistence of increased albuminuria (UACR ≥ 3 mg/mmol) at the two time points.

Results
The prevalence of UACR ≥ 3 mg/mmol at 2 and 12 years of age was 31.9% (95% CI 28.7–35.2) and 3.1% (95% CI 2.0–4.5), respectively. UACR < 3 mg/mmol at both 2 and 12 years of age was present in 540 children (66.2%). Only 9 children (3.5%) of the 260 children with an UACR ≥ 3 mg/mmol at 2 years had an UACR ≥ 3 mg/mmol at 12 years (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Albuminuria in 2-year-olds does largely not persist until the age of 12, indicating that albuminuria at 2 years of age is not a marker for constitutional endothelial dysfunction in this cohort.

Graphical abstract
$$\Gamma $$–limit for a sharp interface model related to pattern formation on biomembranes
Authors: Brazke Denis , Knüpfer Hans , Marciniak–Czochra Anna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe derive a macroscopic limit for a sharp interface version of a model proposed in Komura et al. (Langmuir 22:6771–6774, 2006) to investigate pattern formation due to competition of chemical and mechanical forces in biomembranes. We identify sub- and supercritical parameter regimes and show with the introduction of the autocorrelation function that the ground state energy leads to the isoperimetric problem in the subcritical regime, which is interpreted to not form fine scale patterns.
A Maupertuis-type principle in relativistic mechanics and applications
Authors: Boscaggin Alberto , Dambrosio Walter , Muñoz-Hernández Eduardo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe provide a Maupertuis-type principle for the following system of ODE, of interest in special relativity: $$\begin{aligned} \frac{\textrm{d}}{{\textrm{d}}t}\left( \frac{m\dot{x}}{\sqrt{1-|\dot{x}|^2/c^2}}\right) =\nabla V(x),\qquad x\in \Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^n, \end{aligned}$$

d

d
t

m

x
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1
-
|

x
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2

/

c
2

=
∇
V

(
x
)

,

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∈
Ω
⊂

R

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,

where $$m, c > 0$$

m
,
c
>
0

and $$V: \Omega \rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

V
:
Ω
→
R

is a function of class $$C^1$$

C
1

. As an application, we prove the existence of multiple periodic solutions with prescribed energy for a relativistic N-centre type problem in the plane.
Two short closed geodesics on a sphere of odd dimension
Authors: Rademacher Hans-Bert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe show that for an open and dense set ofnon-reversibleFinsler metrics on a sphere$$S^n$$Snof odd dimension$$n=2m-1\ge 3$$n=2m-1≥3there is a second closed geodesic with Morse index$$\le 4(m+2)(m-1)+2.$$≤4(m+2)(m-1)+2.
Effect of low-frequency dorsal root ganglion stimulation in the treatment of chronic pain
Authors: Piedade G. S. , Gillner S. , McPhillips P. S. , Vesper J. , Slotty P. J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The role of stimulation parameters, especially stimulation frequency is not well understood in dorsal root ganglion stimulation. Previous studies documented higher effectiveness for frequencies as low as 20 Hz, but there is evidence that even lower values could lead to better outcomes. In this study, we investigate the influence of low-frequency DRG-S.

Method
This is a randomized double-blind clinical trial with a crossover design. Patients with an already implanted DRG-S system were included and randomly tested with 4 Hz, 20 Hz, 60 Hz, and sham stimulation. Amplitude was adjusted to subthreshold values for each frequency. Each frequency was tested for 5 days, followed by a 2-day washout period. Patients were assessed using VAS, McGill Pain Questionnaire, EQ-5D-5L, and Beck Depression Inventory.

Results
Seventeen patients were in included. Time between inclusion in this study and primary implant was 32.8 months. Baseline stimulation frequency was 20 Hz in all patients. Mean baseline pain intensity was VAS 3.2 (SD 2.2). With 4-Hz stimulation, VAS was 3.8 (SD 1.9), with 20 Hz VAS 4.2 (SD 2.0) and with 60 Hz VAS 4.6 (SD 2.7). Worst pain control was seen with sham stimulation with a VAS of 5.3 (SD 3.0). Stimulation with 4 Hz achieved lower VAS scores, but this was only statistically significant when compared to sham (p = 0.001). A similar trend favoring 4-Hz stimulation was seen using the Beck Depression Inventory, but in this case no statistical significance was found. Outcomes of McGill Pain Questionnaire and EQ-5D-5L favored 20 Hz stimulation, but again without statistical significance.

Conclusions
Low-frequency stimulation was not significantly better than classic 20-Hz stimulation in relieving pain intensity; the study might however be underpowered. Longer washout and observational periods might also be necessary to show clear differences in frequency response.
Translating and embedding equity-thinking into climate adaptation: an analysis of US cities
Authors: Cannon Clare , Chu Eric , Natekal Asiya , Waaland Gemma 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCities increasingly recognize the importance of furthering social equity in their climate adaptation planning. Such efforts are often in response to grassroots mobilizations, yet it is not clear to what extent they translate into urban coalitions, policy designs, and implementation efforts within city governments. In this paper, we respond to this knowledge gap by assessing how equity-thinking is translated into cities’ adaptation decision-making and governance arrangements, especially in ways that can lead to more inclusive and just climate adaptation outcomes for historically marginalized communities. We analyze adaptation plans for the 25 largest US cities using deductive and inductive coding strategies to uncover the ideas, rhetoric, and processes that guide equitable plans. We then map these outcomes of equity-thinking across procedural, distributive, and recognitional categories. Our analysis lends support to the operation of two social constructivist mechanisms of equity-thinking in adaptation planning—namely ideology and recognition. In an ideology-driven pathway, where beliefs are shared, adaptation efforts are mobilized through local actors and within public agencies who decide on the appropriateness of social equity definitions. Recognition-driven pathways occur when climate equity rhetoric is reflected and normalized through adaptation planning procedures, where cities strive to be early adopters of equitable climate strategies. This result therefore highlights the multiple ways urban leaders, decision-makers, and planners can have in steering policies and designing different planning and implementation processes.
Prognostic factors of IgA nephropathy presenting with mild proteinuria at the time of diagnosis (a multicenter cohort study)
Authors: Shirai Sayuri , Yasuda Takashi , Kumagai Hiroo , Matsunobu Hanako , Ichikawa Daisuke , Shibagaki Yugo , Yasuda Yoshinari , Matsuzaki Keiichi , Hirano Keita , Kawamura Tetsuya , Suzuki Yusuke , Maruyama Shoichi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Clinical factors affecting renal prognosis in patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) and low urinary protein excretion (U-Prot) remain unclear. This study evaluated such factors in patients with clinical grade I (CG-I) IgAN with U-Prot < 0.5 g/day.

Methods
This secondary analysis of a previous retrospective study included 394 patients with CG-I IgAN. The primary outcome was the first occurrence of a 1.5-fold increase in serum creatinine levels from baseline. Factors related to renal prognosis were examined using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. CG-I was divided into C-Grade Ia (CG-Ia) (n = 330) with baseline eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, and C-Grade Ib (CG-Ib) (n = 64) with baseline eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Outcome incidence was compared between conservative and aggressive therapy (corticosteroids and/or tonsillectomy) groups.

Results
Overall outcome incidence was significantly higher in CG-Ib than in CG-Ia; the cumulative incidence was significantly higher in CG-Ib (hazard ratio, 9.67; 95% confidence interval, 2.90–32.23). Older age, higher IgA levels, eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, lower eGFR at baseline were independent prognostic factors for CG-I. Older age, lower eGFR, higher IgA levels at baseline, and U-Prot remission at 1-year post-diagnosis were independent prognostic factors for CG-Ib. Aggressive therapy tended to suppress the cumulative outcome incidence compared with conservative therapy in CG-Ib (p = 0.087).

Conclusion
An eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 is a significant predictor of renal prognosis in patients with IgAN and U-Prot < 0.5 g/day.
Accessibility engineering in web evaluation process: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ara Jinat , Sik-Lanyi Cecilia , Kelemen Arpad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeveral works of literature contributed to the web evaluation process in recent years to promote digital inclusion by addressing several accessibility guidelines, methods, processes, and techniques. Researchers have investigated how the web evaluation process could be facilitated by including accessibility issues to obtain an inclusive and accessible solution to improve the user experience and increase user satisfaction. Three systematic literature reviews (SLRs) have been conducted in the context of past research, considering such research focuses. This paper presents a new SLR approach concerning accessibility in the web evaluation process, considering the period from 2010 to 2021. The review of 92 primary studies showed the contribution of publications on different phases of the web evaluation process mainly by highlighting the significant studies in the framework design and testing process. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study focused on the web accessibility literature reporting the engineering assets for evaluation of new accessible and inclusive web-based solutions (e.g., websites). Besides, in this study, we aim to provide a new direction to the web designers and developers with an updated view of process, methods, techniques, tools, and other crucial aspects to contribute to the accessible process enrichment, as well as depict the gaps and challenges that may be worthy to be investigated in the future. The findings of this SLR introduce a new dimension in web accessibility research on determining and mitigating the research gap of web accessibility issues for web designers, developers, and other practitioners.
CRISP: an archive for the site characterization of permanent Italian seismic stations
Authors: Mercuri A. , Cultrera G. , Minarelli L. , Quintiliani M. , Bordoni P. , Famiani D. , Casale P. , Pischiutta M. , Ladina C. , Cara F. , Di Giulio G. , Pucillo S. , Tarabusi G. ,   INGV CRISP Working Group, Amoroso S. , Azzaro R. , Bianconi R. , Branca S. , Cantore L. , Gomez Capera A. , Cattaneo M. , Cogliano R. , Di Naccio D. , Di Prima S. , Felicetta C. , Fodarella A. , Lovati S. , Mandiello A. G. , Marcocci C. , Mascandola C. , Massa M. , Milana G. , Morasca P. , Pacor F. , Paratore M. , Pessina V. , Puglia R. , Riccio G. , Santulin M. , Scaltrito A. , Scarfi L. , Tusa G. , Vassallo M. , Zuccarello L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper we describe an advanced database for the site characterization of seismic stations, named “CRISP—Caratterizzazione della RIsposta sismica dei Siti Permanenti della rete sismica” (http://crisp.ingv.it, quoted with https://doi.org/10.13127/crisp), designed for the Italian National Seismic Network (Rete Sismica Nazionale, RSN, operated by Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia). For each site, CRISP collects easily accessible station information, such as position, type(s) of instrumentation, instrument housing, thematic map(s) and descriptive attributes (e.g., geological characteristics, etc.), seismic analysis of recordings, and available geophysical investigations (shear-wave velocity [VS] profile, non-linear decay curve). The archive also provides key proxy indicators derived from the available data, such as the time-averaged shear-wave velocity of the upper 30 m from the surface (VS30) and site and topographic classes according to the different seismic codes. Standardized procedures have been applied as motivated by the need for a homogenous set of information for all the stations. According to European Plate Observing System infrastructural objectives for the standardization of seismological data, CRISP is integrated into pre-existing INGV instrument infrastructures, shares content with the Italian Accelerometric Archive, and complies map information about the stations, as well as local geology, through web services managed by Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale. The design of the CRISP archive allows the database to be continually updated and expanded whenever new data are available from the scientific community, such as the ones related to new seismic stations, map information, geophysical surveys, and seismological analyses.
Endotoxin content in neonatal formulas, fortification, and lactoferrin products: association with outcomes and guidance on acceptable limits
Authors: Kaufman David A. , Perks Patti H. , Greenberg Rachel G. , Jensen David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhile endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) can be harmful and contribute to morbidity and mortality with Gram-negative sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants, non-toxic amounts are produced as part of the neonatal microbiome and may be present in enteral nutrition and medications administered. The United States Food and Drug Administration has given guidance for endotoxin concentration limits for intravenous medications and fluids of 5 endotoxin units/kg/hour (120 endotoxin units/kg/day), but no guidance for amounts of endotoxin in enteral products. To determine baseline exposure to infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, we examined endotoxin content of enteral formulas and fortification used for preterm infants, as well as bovine lactoferrin products. We also examined endotoxin exposure and outcomes in very low birth weight infants. Endotoxin content was measured using kinetic chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate analysis. Daily endotoxin exposure from enteral formulas ranged between < 75 to 7110 endotoxin units/kg and from lactoferrin products from 7 to 3720 endotoxin units/kg. In examining neonatal outcomes from a bovine lactoferrin product studied at three different escalating doses (100, 200, and 300 mg/kg/day), we measured endotoxin in the lactoferrin product and daily exposure was 1089 (N = 10), 2178 (N = 10) and 3287 (N = 11) endotoxin units/kg, respectively. There were no cases of necrotizing enterocolitis or mortality and no lactoferrin-related adverse effects in these patients. Enteral endotoxin daily exposures from lactoferrin products are similar to amounts in preterm enteral nutrition and appear safe and not associated with patient harm. Testing enteral products and establishing safety limits may improve care of high risk patients.
The impact of two Diaporthe species on Vaccinium corymbosum physiological performance under different water availability scenarios
Authors: Hilário Sandra , Pinto Glória , Monteiro Pedro , Santos Liliana , Alves Artur 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBlueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) are cultivated worldwide and represent an important asset for the Portuguese economy. Pathogen infection and water deficiency are known to affect crops productivity worldwide, thus limiting plant yield or fruit quality. Diaporthe is a cosmopolitan genus comprising plant pathogens and endophytes, that may switch their behavior to a pathogenic phase when the host is under environmental stress (e.g., drought, precipitation). Given the scarce physiological studies on blueberry plant- pathogen interactions, in this study we aimed to evaluate the effect of Diaporthe amygdali and D. eres on 9-month-old clonal blueberries under two different water scenarios: well-watered (WW) and water deficit (WD). Morphological (lesion length) and physiological parameters (water status, leaf gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, proline, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, starch, total soluble sugars, and lipid peroxidation) were assessed. Our results suggest that the irrigation regime applied was not sufficient to cause severe stress to plants. Under WW conditions, plants inoculated with D. eres may have used malondialdehyde content (MDA) as a signaling molecule. Although D. amygdali has caused plant mortality, this study shows that under WW conditions, plants manage to deal with pathogen attack, maintaining their physiological performance. This study also demonstrates that the interaction between fungal pathogens and water limitation seems to stimulate plant defense, through the accumulation of proline. Our findings offer crucial insights to understand how blueberry plants cope with infection by species of Diaporthe, and how plants can adapt to climate changes in the Mediterranean area (e.g., water scarcity).
End-to-end Precision Agriculture UAV-Based Functionalities Tailored to Field Characteristics
Authors: Raptis Emmanuel K. , Krestenitis Marios , Egglezos Konstantinos , Kypris Orfeas , Ioannidis Konstantinos , Doitsidis Lefteris , Kapoutsis Athanasios Ch. , Vrochidis Stefanos , Kompatsiaris Ioannis , Kosmatopoulos Elias B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a novel, low-cost, user-friendly Precision Agriculture platform that attempts to alleviate the drawbacks of limited battery life by carefully designing missions tailored to each field’s specific, time-changing characteristics. The proposed system is capable of designing coverage missions for any type of UAV, integrating field characteristics into the resulting trajectory, such as irregular field shape and obstacles. The collected images are automatically processed to create detailed orthomosaics of the field and extract the corresponding vegetation indices. A novel mechanism is then introduced that automatically extracts possible problematic areas of the field and subsequently designs a follow-up UAV mission to acquire extra information on these regions. The toolchain is finished by using a deep learning module that was made just for finding weeds in the close-examination flight. For the development of such a deep-learning module, a new weed dataset from the UAV’s perspective, which is publicly available for download, was collected and annotated. All the above functionalities are enclosed in an open-source, end-to-end platform, named Cognitional Operations of micro Flying vehicles (CoFly). The effectiveness of the proposed system was tested and validated with extensive experimentation in agricultural fields with cotton in Larissa, Greece during two different crop sessions.