bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrast‐enhanced CT predictors of lymph nodal metastasis in dogs with oral melanoma
Authors: Menghini Timothy L. , Schwarz Tobias , Dancer Sumari , Gray Calum , MacGillivray Tom , Blacklock Kelly L. Bowlt 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCanine oral melanoma (OM) has highly aggressive behavior, with frequent local metastasis. Computed tomography 3D volumetric analysis is an accurate predictor of lymph node (LN) metastasis of oral cancers in humans but whether this is true for dogs with OM is unknown. In this retrospective observational study, CT imaging was used to assess mandibular and retropharyngeal lymphocenter (LC) changes in dogs with nodal metastatic (n = 12) and non‐metastatic (n = 10) OM, then these findings were compared with those of healthy control dogs (n = 11). Using commercial software (Analyze, Biomedical Imaging Resource), lymphocenters were defined as regions of interest. LC voxels, area (mm2), volume (mm3), and degree of attenuation (HU) were compared between groups. Mandibular lymphocenter (MLC) metastasis was present in 12 of 22 (54.5%) dogs; no dogs had confirmed retropharyngeal lymphocenter (RLC) metastasis. Mandibular lymphocenter volume was significantly different between positive and negative LCs (median 2221 and 1048 mm3, respectively, P = 0.008), and between positive and control LCs (median 880 mm3, P < 0.01). There was no evidence of a significant difference in voxel number or attenuation between groups. Mandibular lymphocenter volume moderately discriminated for metastatic status (AUC 0.754 [95% CI = 0.572–0.894, P = 0.02]), with a positive predictive value of 57.1% (95% CI = 0.389–0.754). Adjusting for patient weight did not improve discrimination (AUC = 0.659 (95% CI = 0.439–0.879, P = 0.13]). In conclusion, these findings suggest 3D CT volume measurement of MLC can predict nodal metastasis in dogs with OM and shows promise but further research, perhaps in combination with other modalities, is required to improve accuracy.
Hyperbolicity and uniformly Lipschitz affine actions on subspaces of L1$L^1$
Authors: Vergara Ignacio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe show that every hyperbolic group has a proper uniformly Lipschitz affine action on a subspace of an space. We also prove that every acylindrically hyperbolic group has a uniformly Lipschitz affine action on such a space with unbounded orbits. Our main tools are the ‐bicombings on hyperbolic groups constructed by Mineyev and the characterisation of acylindrical hyperbolicity in terms of actions on quasi‐trees by Balasubramanya.
Geodesics in the space of relatively Kähler metrics
Authors: Hallam Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe derive the geodesic equation for relatively Kähler metrics on fibrations and prove that any two such metrics with fibrewise constant scalar curvature are joined by a unique smooth geodesic. We then show convexity of the log‐norm functional for this setting along geodesics, which yields simple proofs of Dervan and Sektnan's uniqueness result for optimal symplectic connections and a boundedness result for the log‐norm functional. Next, we associate to a fibration degeneration a unique geodesic ray defined on a dense open subset. Calculating the limiting slope of the log‐norm functional along a globally defined smooth geodesic ray, we prove that fibrations admitting optimal symplectic connections are polystable with respect to a large class of fibration degenerations that are smooth over the base. We give examples of such degenerations in the case of projectivised vector bundles and isotrivial fibrations.
A pretentious proof of Linnik's estimate for primes in arithmetic progressions
Authors: Sachpazis Stelios 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the present paper, the author adopts a pretentious approach and recovers an estimate obtained by Linnik for the sums of the von Mangoldt function Λ on arithmetic progressions. It is the analogue of an estimate that Linnik established in his attempt to prove his celebrated theorem concerning the size of the smallest prime number of an arithmetic progression. Our work builds on ideas coming from the pretentious large sieve of Granville, Harper, and Soundararajan and it also borrows insights from the treatment of Koukoulopoulos on multiplicative functions with small averages.
Small Female Occupant Response in Reclined and Upright Seated Postures in Frontal Impacts
Authors: Somasundaram Karthik , Hauschild Hans , Driesslein Klaus , Pintar Frank A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the kinematics of the head-neck, torso, pelvis, and lower extremities and document injuries and their patterns to small female occupants in frontal impacts with upright and reclined postures using an experimental model. Six postmortem human surrogates (PMHS) with a mean stature of 154 ± 9.0 cm and mass of 49 ± 12 kg were equally divided between upright and reclined groups (seatback: 25 deg and 45 deg), restrained by a three-point integrated belt, positioned on a semirigid seat, and exposed to low and moderate crash velocities (15 km/h and 32 km/h respectively). The response between the upright and reclined postures was similar in magnitude and curve morphology. While none of the differences were statistically significant, the thoracic spine demonstrated increased downward (+Z) displacement, and the head demonstrated an increased horizontal (+X) displacement for the reclined occupants. In contrast, the upright occupants showed a slightly increased downward (+Z) displacement at the head, but the torso displaced primarily along the +X direction. The posture angles between the two groups were similar at the pelvis and different at the thorax and head. At 32 km/h, both cohorts exhibited multiple rib failure, with upright specimens having a greater number of severe fractures. Although MAIS was the same in both groups, the upright specimens had more bi-cortical rib fractures, suggesting the potential for pneumothorax. This preliminary study may be useful in validating physical (ATDs) and computational (HBMs) surrogates.
Statistical Shape and Bone Property Models of Clinical Populations as the Foundation for Biomechanical Surgical Planning: Application to Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Sharif-Ahmadian Azita , Beagley Aren , Pearce Claire , Saliken David , Athwal George S. , Giles Joshua W. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This work developed, validated, and compared statistical shape, statistical intensity, and statistical shape and intensity models (SSMs, SIMs, SSIMs) of scapulae from a clinical population. SSMs efficiently describe bone shape variation while SIMs describe bone material property variation, and SSIM's combine description of both variables. This work establishes these models' efficacy and whether they can be used in surgical planning. Models were developed using shoulder arthroplasty data of patients with bone erosion, which is challenging to treat and would benefit from improved surgical planning. Models were created using previously validated nonrigid registration and material property assignment processes that were optimized for scapula characteristics. The models were assessed using standard metrics, anatomical measurements, and correlation analyses. The SSM and SIM specificity and generalization error metrics were 3.4 mm and &lt;1 mm and 184 HU and 156 HU, respectively. The SSIM did not achieve the same level of performance as the SSM and SIM in this study (e.g., shape generalization: SSIM—2.2 mm versus SSM—&lt;1 mm). Anatomical correlation analysis showed that the SSM more effectively and efficiently described shape variation compared to the SSIM. The SSM and SIM modes of variation were not strongly correlated (e.g., rmax = 0.56 for modes explaining ≤2.1% of variance). The SSIM is outperformed by the SSM and SIM and the latter two are not strongly correlated; therefore, using the SSM and SIM in conjunction will generate synthetic bone models with realistic characteristics and thus can be used for biomechanical surgical planning applications.
Novel Calculation Method for Windage Power Loss of Double-Helical Gear Transmission
Authors: Yang Jin , Lin Tengjiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a novel fast calculation method for windage power loss (WPL) of the meshing double-helical gear pair. Firstly, based on the basic equations of fluid mechanics and computational fluid dynamics simulation method, the calculation method for single-tooth windage torque at the zone of meshing/nonmeshing is established; Secondly, the WPL of meshing gear pair with different gear parameters and operating conditions are obtained according to the single-tooth windage torque during a rotation period and the windage torque at the end faces, and the accuracy of the proposed WPL method is verified through the WPL test measurement and simulation; Finally, the effect of gear parameters and operating conditions on the WPL is studied.
Simulation of Micro-Powder Injection Molding Using a Dynamic Mesh Approach
Authors: Islam Sk Tanbir , Samanta Sudip K. , Das Santanu , Chattopadhyay Himadri 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Powder injection molding (PIM) is capable of manufacturing complex small components out of metals and ceramics. With increasing market demand micropowder injection molding (micro-PIM) is improving rapidly which calls for improved numerical models of different stages of PIM. The injection stage is quite important as different defects may occur during injection that cannot be eliminated in the subsequent processes. Injection pressure and velocity are critical controlling parameters to manufacture a defect-free component. However, in most of the simulations, either injection pressure or injection velocity is taken as a constant value, while in reality, the injection molding of the piston moves at different speeds, and injection pressure and velocity change accordingly. In the experimental part of the present work, the piston movement is tracked using a high-speed camera which was mimicked in mold filling simulation of an alumina feedstock, considering the Dynamic Mesh approach. The solution of the full Navier–Stokes equation in an Eulerian-multiphase framework is used to simulate the mold filling where the secondary phase is air that is displaced by moving melt front. Additionally, a scalar equation was used to account for the liquid fraction of the feedstock. It is further demonstrated that the proposed model provides insight into the fluid-dynamic aspect of the mold-filling process.
The Relationship Between Imbalance Symptom and Cardiac Pulsation Induced Mechanical Strain in the Brainstem and Cerebellum for Chiari Malformation Type I
Authors: Al Samman Mohamad Motaz F. , Ibrahimy Alaaddin , Nwotchouang Blaise Simplice Talla , Oshinski John N. , Barrow Daniel L. , Allen Philip A. , Amini Rouzbeh , Bhadelia Rafeeque A. , Loth Francis 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Chiari malformation Type I (CMI) is known to have an altered biomechanical environment for the brainstem and cerebellum; however, it is unclear whether these altered biomechanics play a role in the development of CMI symptoms. We hypothesized that CMI subjects have a higher cardiac-induced strain in specific neurological tracts pertaining to balance, and postural control. We measured displacement over the cardiac cycle using displacement encoding with stimulated echoes magnetic resonance imaging in the cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord in 37 CMI subjects and 25 controls. Based on these measurements, we computed strain, translation, and rotation in tracts related to balance. The global strain on all tracts was small (&lt;1%) for CMI subject and controls. Strain was found to be nearly doubled in three tracts for CMI subjects compared to controls (p &lt; 0.03). The maximum translation and rotation were ∼150 μm and ∼1 deg, respectively and 1.5–2 times greater in CMI compared to controls in four tracts (p &lt; 0.005). There was no significant difference between strain, translation, and rotation on the analyzed tracts in CMI subjects with imbalance compared to those without imbalance. A moderate correlation was found between cerebellar tonsillar position and strain on three tracts. The lack of statistically significant difference between strain in CMI subjects with and without imbalance could imply that the magnitude of the observed cardiac-induced strain was too small to cause substantial damage to the tissue (&lt;1%). Activities such as coughing, or Valsalva may produce a greater strain.
Conforming and nonconforming virtual element methods for fourth order nonlocal reaction diffusion equation
Authors: Adak Dibyendu , Anaya Verónica , Bendahmane Mostafa , Mora David 
Published: June 2023

In this work, we have designed conforming and nonconforming virtual element methods (VEM) to approximate non-stationary nonlocal biharmonic equation on general shaped domain. By employing Faedo–Galerkin technique, we have proved the existence and uniqueness of the continuous weak formulation. Upon applying Brouwer’s fixed point theorem, the well-posedness of the fully discrete scheme is derived. Further, following [J. Huang and Y. Yu, A medius error analysis for nonconforming virtual element methods for Poisson and biharmonic equations, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 386 (2021) 113229], we have introduced Enrichment operator and derived a priori error estimates for fully discrete schemes on polygonal domains, not necessarily convex. The proposed error estimates are justified with some benchmark examples.
Unboundedness phenomenon in a model of urban crime
Authors: Fuest Mario , Heihoff Frederic 
Published: June 2023

We show that spatial patterns (“hotspots”) may form in the crime model [Formula: see text] which we consider in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and initial data [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] with sufficiently large initial mass [Formula: see text]. More precisely, for each [Formula: see text] and fixed [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and (large) [Formula: see text], we construct initial data [Formula: see text] exhibiting the following unboundedness phenomenon: Given any [Formula: see text], we can find [Formula: see text] such that the first component of the associated maximal solution becomes larger than [Formula: see text] at some point in [Formula: see text] before the time [Formula: see text]. Since the [Formula: see text] norm of [Formula: see text] is decreasing, this implies that some heterogeneous structure must form. We do this by first constructing classical solutions to the nonlocal scalar problem [Formula: see text] from the solutions to the crime model by taking the limit [Formula: see text] under the assumption that the unboundedness phenomenon explicitly does not occur on some interval [Formula: see text]. We then construct initial data for this scalar problem leading to blow-up before time [Formula: see text]. As solutions to the scalar problem are unique, this proves our central result by contradiction.
Reproducing kernels of Sobolev–Slobodeckij˘ spaces via Green’s kernel approach: Theory and applications
Authors: Mohebalizadeh Hamed , Fasshauer Gregory E. , Adibi Hojatollah 
Published: June 2023

This paper extends the work of Fasshauer and Ye [Reproducing kernels of Sobolev spaces via a Green kernel approach with differential operators and boundary operators, Adv. Comput. Math. 38(4) (2011) 891921] in two different ways, namely, new kernels and associated native spaces are identified as crucial Hilbert spaces in applied mathematics. These spaces include the following spaces defined in bounded domains [Formula: see text] with smooth boundary: homogeneous Sobolev–Slobodeckij̆ spaces, denoted by [Formula: see text], and Sobolev–Slobodeckij̆ spaces, denoted by [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]. Our goal is accomplished by obtaining the Green’s solutions of equations involving the fractional Laplacian and fractional differential operators defined through interpolation theory. We provide a proof that the Green’s kernels satisfying these problems are symmetric and positive definite reproducing kernels of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Constructing kernels in these two ways enables the characterization of functions in native spaces based on their regularity. The Galerkin/collocation method, based on these kernels, is employed to solve various fractional problems, offering explicit or simplified calculations and efficient solutions. This method yields improved results with reduced computational costs, making it suitable for complex domains.
Estimating the Licensing Probabilities in the Academic Context: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Leite Rafael Ângelo Santos , Reis Igor Bezerra , Walter Cicero Eduardo , de Aragão Iracema Machado , Au-Yong-Oliveira Manuel , Fortes Paulo Jordão 
Published: June 2023

Licensing technologies are one of the main ways to produce and bring academic research to society. Despite previous studies’ dedicated efforts to identify licensing probabilities, the question of how the expertise and prestige that a university has in a given technological field influences the licensing probabilities is still little addressed. This article aims to identify information in patent documents to estimate the probabilities of licensing technologies produced at the university. For that, we performed a data mining of licensed and unlicensed patents from an important Brazilian University (n = 1,578). We estimated the licensing probabilities using the Logistic Regression technique, based on the Maximum Likelihood Estimation. The results suggest that the variables of know-how in the main field and Technological strength in the main field are the most important/influential variables in estimating the probabilities of licensing a given patent. The main conclusion obtained from the results is that: universities, to obtain more licenses, must increase their know-how (expertise) in some technological fields, maintaining a reasonable level between specialization and diversification. Additionally, the higher the citations received (prestige/recognition) by a university in a given technological field, the greater the probability of patent licensing in that technological field. In terms of practical contributions, this study suggests that: investments in specific technological fields generate more competitive advantages for the university and, thus, more technological successes.
On the analytic strong multiplicity one for SL(2)
Authors: Guan Bin 
Published: June 2023

With the results on [Formula: see text] and the adjoint lift, a restricted version of analytic strong multiplicity one is proved which holds for [Formula: see text], the restriction being that the representations are required to be generic with respect to the same additive character. In this case there exists a positive constant [Formula: see text] depending on [Formula: see text] and the number field [Formula: see text] only, such that [Formula: see text] can be decided completely by its local components [Formula: see text] with norm [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is the analytic conductor of [Formula: see text] with respect to the adjoint lift. A similar argument also allows us to simplify the proof of the restricted version of strong multiplicity one for [Formula: see text] originally given in [J. Chai and Q. Zhang, A strong multiplicity one theorem for [Formula: see text], Pacific J. Math. 285(2) (2016) 345–374].
P2P Energy Trading through Prospect Theory, Differential Evolution, and Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Timilsina Ashutosh , Silvestri Simone 
Published: June 2023

Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy tradingis a decentralized energy market where local energyprosumersact as peers, trading energy among each other. Existing works in this area largely overlook the importance of user behavioral modeling and assume users’ sustained active participation and full compliance in the decision-making process. To overcome these unrealistic assumptions, and their deleterious consequences, in this article, we propose anautomatedP2P energy-trading framework that specifically considers the users’ perception by exploitingprospect theory. We formalize an optimization problem that maximizes the buyers’ perceived utility while matching energy production and demand. We prove that the problem is NP-hard and we propose a Differential Evolution-based Algorithm for Trading Energy (DEbATE) heuristic. Additionally, we propose two automated pricing solutions to improve the sellers’ profit based on reinforcement learning. The first solution, named Pricing mechanism with Q-learning and Risk-sensitivity (PQR), is based on Q-learning. Additionally, given the scalability issues ofPQR, we propose a Deep Q-Network-based algorithm calledProDQNthat exploits deep learning and a novel loss function rooted in prospect theory. Results based on real traces of energy consumption and production, as well as realistic prospect theory functions, show that our approaches achieve 26% higher perceived value for buyers and generate 7% more reward for sellers, compared to recent state-of-the-art approaches.
Low Self-Esteem, High FOMO? The Other Side of the Internet Troll
Authors: Santos Isabella Leandra Silva , Nascimento Lima Débora Cristina , Almeida Dias Ericarla Verônica , Galdino Pessoa Thais Emanuele , Tomaz Paiva Tamyres , Pimentel Carlos Eduardo 
Published: June 2023

The present study aimed to observe the impact of self-esteem and FOMO on online trolling, investigating the mediating role of antisocial online content exposure. A total of 300 social media users (27.68 years, SD = 7.15, SE = .41) participated in the study. Data analysis showed statistically significant model-fit indices (CFI = .99, GFI = .98, TLI = .98, RMSEA = .02 | 90% CI .01–.03|, SRMR = .04) to the mediation model: both self-esteem (direct effects: λ = −0.17, p < .01, indirect effects: λ = −.06, p < .05) and FOMO (direct effects: λ = .19, p < .01, indirect effects: λ = .07, p < .01) were related to online trolling, both directly and indirectly, trough antisocial online content exposure. It is possible to conclude that the objective was achieved, highlighting the importance of both personal factors and contextual characteristics of the internet in the perpetuation of online aggression.