bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Method for Assessing the 3-dimensional Morphology of Cartilaginous Acetabulum Via Childhood Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Nakamura Tomoyuki , Wada Akifusa , Natori Takahiro , Kawaguchi Kengo , Takamura Kazuyuki , Yanagida Haruhisa , Yamaguchi Toru 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Periarticular cartilage is abundant in children, making evaluations of 3-dimensional (D) cartilaginous acetabular morphology using x-ray or computed tomography (CT) difficult. The study aimed to visualize the 3D cartilaginous acetabular morphology in normal children and patients with pediatric developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).

Methods:
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 17 female children without acetabular dysplasia at 7.5 years and CT of 33 normal female adolescents with mature bones at 14.6 years were used as controls. Subjects were 26 female patients with unilateral DDH who underwent angulated Salter innominate osteotomy (A-SIO) at 5.5 years. Preoperative and postoperative MRIs were performed at 5.2 and 7.0 years, respectively. The MRI sequence was 3D-MEDIC. The medial intersection (point A) of the line connecting the centers of the bilateral femoral head and the femoral head were defined as point zero. The 3D coordinates (X, Y, Z) of the cartilaginous acetabular edge (point C) from anterior to posterior were calculated. Subsequently, a 3D scatter plot was created using 3D graph software. The subjects were divided into 6 groups, including control MRI, control CT, unaffected DDH before and after A-SIO, and affected DDH before and after A-SIO. The femoral head coverage ratio (FHCR: AC/AB) was used to quantify coverage and was compared in each group.

Results:
In the control MRI group, the acetabular coverage was small anteriorly, largest anterolaterally, and gradually decreased posteriorly, similar to the bony acetabulum in adolescents. In the affected DDH before A-SIO group, the coverage was significantly lower than that of the control MRI and unaffected DDH groups. After A-SIO, the morphology improved beyond the unaffected DDH and the control MRI group.

Conclusions:
The global defect of the cartilaginous acetabulum in the affected DDH group was significantly improved to normal morphology after A-SIO. Evaluating the cartilaginous acetabulum using MRI was useful for assessing hip morphology in childhood.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective comparative study.
A Biomechanical Evaluation of Casting Technique and Cast Core Size Effect
Authors: Sprenkle Trenton P. , Chong Alexander C.M. , Shearer Jordan D. , Fisher Brandon T. , Sauer Brian R. 
Published: September 2023

Backgrounds:
The goals of this study were to (1) compare the effect of casting technique on biomechanical function with different casting materials and different cast core diameters, and (2) compare the strength of a cast based on the number of layers in relation to the core diameter.

Methods:
Two standardized cylindrical cast model sizes were used to simulate forearm and short leg casts (core diameter: 60 mm, 100 mm) with 2 different casting techniques (non-smoothing vs. smoothing with lamination), utilizing 2 casting materials [fiberglass and Plaster of Paris (POP)]. Each cast was created using 3 different layers (Fiberglass: 2 to 4 layers; POP: 3 to 5 layers). Ultimate load-to-failure and flexural rigidity were analyzed through cyclic 4-point bend testing.

Results:
The biomechanical comparison between forearm and short leg casts were significantly different regardless of the same number of layers for both casting materials and between 2 casting techniques. Increased cast thickness significantly increased the ultimate load-to-failure and bending strength. An increased core diameter size significantly decreased the cast’s ultimate load-to-failure (fiberglass: 50% to 108%; POP: 10% to 93%) and bending strength (fiberglass: 17% to 35%; POP: 37% to 49%). Casting technique with smoothing with lamination technique had a negative biomechanical effect on POP and a minimal effect on fiberglass.

Conclusion:
The number of layers to apply for a cast should be based on the size of the extremity. Smoothing and lamination technique did not significantly improve the cast mechanical behavior.

Clinical Relevance:
The findings of this study provide valuable evidence, analysis, and supplementary knowledge that helps guide physicians in proper casting technique.
Management and nursing strategies for different patterns of adverse events in patients with urological cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Huang Xiaojuan , Li Xiaolei , Ma Lulin , Liu Chunxia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to explore the patterns of treatment-related adverse events (AEs) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapy or tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy and to summarize the corresponding management and nursing strategies.

Materials and methods
A total of 69 patients with malignant urological tumors who received ICI treatment between June 2019 and October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, and AEs that occurred during treatment were observed and reported. Based on the different types of treatment, the patients were divided into ICI monotherapy, ICI plus chemotherapy, and ICI plus TKI therapy groups. Subgroup analysis was performed. The incidence, distribution, and severity of AEs in the different subgroups were evaluated.

Results
A total of 138 AEs occurred in 69 patients, among which grade 1 plus 2, and grade 3 plus 4 AEs accounted for 78.99% and 21.01%, respectively. The incidence of AEs per patient in the ICI-TKI therapy group was the highest (3.75 times/person), followed by the ICI-chemotherapy (2.33 times/person) and ICI monotherapy (0.82 times/person) groups. Specific AEs, such as fatigue, nausea, and myelosuppression, were much more common in the ICI-gemcitabine and cisplatin group, whereas renal injury, skin lesions, and diarrhea were most common ones in the ICI-TKI group.

Conclusions
Immune checkpoint inhibitors are new treatment options for advanced urological tumors and renal cell carcinoma. Distinctive AE patterns were observed among the different treatment groups. Therefore, strict and meticulous clinical management and nursing measures are required to ensure the safety of patients receiving ICI treatment.
Pulse pressure and its association with body composition among Chinese men and women without diagnosed hypertension: the China Kadoorie Biobank
Authors: Ma Guoqing , Li Junqi , Xie Jiawen , Li Yunfeng , Xu Kun , He Yafang , Yang Jiaomei , Du Huaidong , Liu Xin 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Wide brachial pulse pressure (PP) has been associated with cardiovascular events, while its population distribution and association with body composition were poorly characterized in large populations.

Methods:
We evaluated the age and sex distributions of PP and its associations with body composition using baseline data from the China Kadoorie Biobank. A total of 434 200 participants without diagnosed hypertension were included in the analysis. Wide PP was defined as PP above 65 mmHg. Body composition variables, including BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass index (FMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and body fat percentage (BF%), were obtained from bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Results:
Overall, 14.3% of the participants had wide PP. Older age was consistently associated with wider PP in women but only after the andropause stage in men. The independent associations of BMI with wide PP were stronger than other body composition measures. The adjusted differences (men/women, mmHg) in PP per standard deviation (SD) increase in BMI (1.55/1.47) were higher than other body composition (BF%: 0.32/0.64, waist circumference: 0.33/0.39; WHR: 0.49/0.42). In addition, sex differences were observed. In men, the per SD difference in PP was higher for FFMI than for FMI (0.91 vs. 0.67, P < 0.05), whereas in women, it was higher for FMI than for FFMI (1.01 vs. 0.72, P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our nationwide population-based study presented the sex-specific distribution of PP over age and identified differential associations of PP with fat and fat-free mass in men and women.
Trend of blood pressure changes among children from 2012 to 2022: findings from student health surveillance in Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Xiyan , Zhou Yonglin , Yang Jie , Wang Yan , Xiang Yao , Ma Hongxia , Lu Wei 
Published: September 2023

Objectives:
The primary objective of this study is to examine the secular trends in blood pressure levels from 2012 to 2022 in eastern China. Additionally, to compare two standards [International Blood Pressure Reference for Children and Adolescents (ICBP) and the National Blood Pressure Reference for Chinese Han Children and Adolescents (CCBP)], we calculate the 95th percentile of blood pressure levels for students in developed regions (ECCBP). Secondly, the study aims to investigate potential contributors to elevated blood pressure, including sex, age, behaviors, and mental health. Lastly, the study seeks to estimate the total population aged 7–18 years with elevated blood pressure in Eastern China based on three references.

Methods:
The data used in this study were obtained from the Student Health Surveillance program in Jiangsu Province, which has been collecting data since 2012. Trained project members, skilled nurses, and doctors measured anthropometric variables. Additionally, online student questionnaires were administered in 2017, 2019, and 2021 to collect personal information behavior patterns, and mental health.

Results:
The study examined blood pressure changes in 123 013 children and adolescents in Eastern China from 2012 to 2022. Significant increases were observed in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure difference. Prevalence of elevated blood pressure followed a similar trend with ECCBP and CCBP, ranging from 17.2%/16.3% (2012–2015) to 11.6%/14.6% (2020–2022). Notably, BP with ICBP showed a significant increase in both prevalence and population, from 12.6% [6 713 679, 95% confidence interval (CI): 6 708 931 to 6 718 427] to 14.5% (7 004 208, 95% CI: 6 999 411 to 7 009 004). The study further emphasizes the significant impact of various risk factors on elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents, particularly the detrimental effect of depression on blood pressure, with the odds ratios (OR) in 2021 being 1.310 (95% CI, 1.290–1.330) for ECCBP, 1.239 (95% CI, 1.223–1.255) for CCBP, and 1.189 (95% CI, 1.176–1.202) for ICBP.

Conclusion:
The study revealed significant changes in the population and prevalence of elevated blood pressure in Eastern China from 2012 to 2022. The findings indicate a decline in the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (referred to as CCBP or ECCBP), while highlighting an increasing trend in elevated blood pressure (referred to as ICBP). Untreated high blood pressure can lead to serious cardiovascular diseases in adulthood, underscoring the importance of early prevention and management, particularly through nonpharmacological methods and regular monitoring for students in Eastern China. Raising awareness among educators, parents, and healthcare providers about the association between mental health and elevated blood pressure is essential.
LATE DIAGNOSIS OF Cutibacterium acnes (FORMERLY Propionibacterium acnes) ENDOPHTHALMITIS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF DUAL TESTING WITH BACTERIAL CULTURE AND POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION
Authors: Rosenberg Christopher R. , Gensure Rebekah H. , Tri Ta Kim David , Yumang Marika , Suhler Eric B. , Lin Phoebe , Flaxel Christina J. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to describe two cases of Cutibacterium acnes endophthalmitis that reinforce the importance of performing both bacterial culture and 16S polymerase chain reaction when the causative pathogen is unclear or difficult to culture, such as C. acnes. A case of C. acnes endophthalmitis complicated by subbuckle scleral perforation is illustrated with intraoperative photography.

Methods:
This is a two-case series.

Results:
Case 1 describes a case of C. acnes endophthalmitis in a longstanding pseudophakic patient after multiple vitrectomies for recurrent retinal detachment, complicated by subbuckle scleral perforation. Bacterial culture revealed C. acnes while 16S PCR was negative. Conversely, Case 2 demonstrates a case of chronic endophthalmitis diagnosed one year after cataract surgery. PCR (with repeat tap for confirmation) revealed C. acnes with a negative culture.

Conclusion:
When the causative pathogen of endophthalmitis is unclear, dual testing of microbial culture and C. acnes 16S PCR improves the diagnostic yield of investigations for fastidious pathogens. C. acnes can present as an indolent or virulent endophthalmitis.
Novel Three-Dimensional Workstation System for Intraoperative Navigation in Robot-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy: A Single-Arm Study
Authors: Takahara Kiyoshi , Kusaka Mamoru , Shiroki Ryoichi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Detailed knowledge of the anatomical relationships between renal tumors, vascular structures, and the urinary tract is required to perform robot-assisted partial nephrectomies (RAPNs) successfully. Recent improvements in imaging modalities include computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, 3-dimensional (3D) workstation systems for intraoperative navigation have also been developed. This report introduces a novel 3D workstation system for intraoperative navigation while performing RAPN called “Atrena.” Atrena is equipped with multiple methods for the stereoscopic viewing of 3D images. Furthermore, Atrena operates on a tablet. Therefore, using Atrena in RAPN enables the rotation and enlargement of stereoscopic 3D images through manipulations on the tablet's screen. Atrena was successfully used for intraoperative navigation in initial 15 cases of RAPN with high trifecta achievement ratios. We believe that this novel 3D workstation system, “Atrena,” is beneficial in performing RAPN and enhances its success. We also believe that Atrena may be useful as an educational tool for medical staff.
Meta-analysis of the effect of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery on long-term quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Cui Mengfan , Liu Shimin 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
To compare the effect of laparoscopic surgery and open surgery on the quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in the growth period after the operation, and to provide a reference for surgical treatment decisions of patients with CRC.

Methods:
PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched through May 7, 2022 for clinical studies comparing the postoperative quality of life in CRC patients who underwent laparoscopic surgery with those who underwent open surgery. Data were extracted from eligible studies following rigorous quality review. All studies included patient numbers, surgery type, follow-up length, and quality of life scores.

Results:
A total of 6 studies were included, resulting in significantly better physical functioning scores with laparoscopic versus open surgery. (Standardized mean difference = 0.45; 95% CI (0.15, 0.75), P = .003). However, in general health, social functioning, bodily pain, vitality, quality of life index, Global Quality Scale, physical component summary and mental component summary, there was no telling difference between the 2 surgical therapies.

Conclusion:
Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic surgery has weak advantages. There was no noteworthy difference in the long-term quality of life between the 2 surgical treatments for CRC patients. Whether laparoscopic surgery can bring more improvement to the quality of life of patients with CRC needs more high-quality clinical randomized studies to verify.
Severe complications in the induction phase of therapy in a pediatric patient with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A case report
Authors: Rocka Agata , Woźniak Magdalena , Lejman Monika , Zawitkowska Joanna 
Published: September 2023

Rationale:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) represents approximately 1-quarter of all new cases of childhood cancer. Although overall survival following diagnosis has improved in recent years, the toxicity of chemotherapy remains a concern.

Patient concerns:
We describe an 11-year-old male patient diagnosed with T-cell precursor ALL who developed compounded complications during the induction phase of chemotherapy. Patient was hospitalized in the Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantology of the Medical University of Lublin, Poland. The patient’s induction therapy was started according to the AIEOP-BFM ALL 2017 protocol IAp (International Collaborative Treatment Protocol for Children and Adolescents with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia).

Diagnoses:
Patient developed compounded complications such as cholecystitis, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis and myelosuppression.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with leukapheresis, received a broad-spectrum antibiotic, potassium supplementation and hepatoprotective treatment and laparotomy cholecystectomy.

Outcomes:
In the available literature, there is a limited amount of similar clinical cases with multiple complications in pediatric patients with ALL. Toxicities cause delays in the treatment of the underlying disease.

Lessons:
In children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, there are side effects during the treatment such as cholecystitis and pancreatitis. Complications during treatment require a quick response and modification of disease management. Abdominal ultrasound performed before treatment makes it possible to observe the dynamics of lesions. Genetic mutation analysis could allow us to more precisely respond to the possible susceptibility to and appearance of complications after the use of a given chemotherapeutic agent.
Noninvasive Verification of a Very Small Intraocular Prostate Carcinoma Metastasis by 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT
Authors: Ndum Ferdinand , Seifert Philipp , Freesmeyer Martin , Gühne Falk 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A male patient underwent 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for the evaluation of a suspected intraocular metastasis in the right eye. Although the choroidal thickening was very small (4 × 2 mm), and ophthalmoscopy as well as MRI were inconclusive, PET/CT imaging showed distinct PSMA expression in the suspected lesion, confirming prostate cancer metastasis. The ability of dedicated PSMA ligand PET/CT imaging to detect small metastases, even with 68Ga-labeled ligands, has been demonstrated. Therefore, the use of further invasive diagnostic procedures could be avoided. Thus, the possibility of detecting intraocular metastases of prostate cancer should be considered in routine PET/CT imaging.
Clinical Application of 18F-THK5351 PET to Identify Inflammatory Lesions Through Imaging Astrogliosis in a Case of Cytomegalovirus Ventriculoencephalitis
Authors: Hatano Keiko , Ishibashi Kenji , Yamada Kazuki , Ishii Kenji , Iwata Atsushi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

18F-THK5351 PET is used to estimate the degree of astrogliosis. Because inflammatory lesions usually accompany astrogliosis, 18F-THK5351 PET is potentially worthy of clinical application in inflammatory disorders. Here, we report a case of cytomegalovirus ventriculoencephalitis in an immunocompromised 75-year-old woman who underwent 18F-THK5351 PET and conventional neuroimaging modalities, including 11C-methionine, 18F-FDG, and MRI. 18F-THK5351 PET was clearly superior to the other modalities in identifying inflammatory lesions and can therefore be a useful marker for identifying inflammatory lesions through imaging astrogliosis. This feature of 18F-THK5351 may contribute to the early diagnosis of cytomegalovirus ventriculoencephalitis.
177Lu-PSMA Treatment Monitoring Through Serial Fast Whole-Body Tomoscintigraphies Recorded With a Latest-Generation CZT-Camera
Authors: Boursier Caroline , Olivier Pierre , Claudin Marine , Marie Pierre-Yves , Imbert Laetitia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe tomoscintigraphy monitoring of177Lu–prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) treatment may be helpful for quality control and predicting therapeutic response. Furthermore, the drawbacks of relatively low image quality and extended recording times can be overcome by new CZT-cameras providing fast, high-quality, whole-body recordings. Although still requiring further larger-scale confirmation, the current case report demonstrates that these CZT-cameras have the potential to provide straightforward and comprehensive177Lu-PSMA treatment monitoring, that is, <20-minute whole-body tomoscintigraphy recording, tumor activities concordant with those from68Ga-PSMA PET, and no requirement for any additional tracer injection.
Evaluation of LAT1 Expression in Patients With Lung Cancer and Mediastinal Tumors
Authors: Watabe Tadashi , Ose Naoko , Naka Sadahiro , Fukui Eriko , Kimura Toru , Kanou Takashi , Funaki Soichiro , Sasaki Hidetaka , Kamiya Takashi , Kurimoto Kenta , Isohashi Kayako , Tatsumi Mitsuaki , Shimosegawa Eku , Kato Hiroki , Ohgaki Ryuichi , Kanai Yoshikatsu , Shintani Yasushi 
Published: September 2023

Purpose of the Report
L-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT1) is a tumor-specific transporter expressed in various tumor types, with minimal expression in normal organs. We previously demonstrated 18F-fluoro-borono-phenylalanine (18F-FBPA) as a selective PET probe for LAT1 in a preclinical study. Herein, we evaluated LAT1 expression in preoperative patients with lung or mediastinal tumors using 18F-FBPA PET and immunofluorescence staining.

Patients and Methods
The study population included patients with histopathological diagnosis (n = 55): primary lung cancers (n = 21), lung metastases (n = 6), mediastinal tumors (n = 15), and benign lesion (n = 13). PET scanning was performed 1 hour after the injection of 18F-FBPA (232 ± 32 MBq). Immunofluorescence staining was performed on the resected tumor sections using LAT1 antibody. LAT1 staining was graded on a 4-grade scale and compared with the SUVmax on 18F-FBPA PET.

Results
A positive correlation was observed between the SUVmax of 18F-FBPA PET and LAT1 expression by immunofluorescence staining (r = 0.611, P < 0.001). The SUVmax of 18F-FBPA was 3.92 ± 1.46 in grade 3, 3.21 ± 1.82 in grade 2, 2.33 ± 0.93 in grade 1, and 1.50 ± 0.39 in grade 0 of LAT1 expression. Although 18F-FBPA PET showed variable uptake in lung cancers and mediastinal tumors, benign lesions showed significantly lower SUVmax than those in malignant lesions (P < 0.01).

Conclusions
Uptake on 18F-FBPA PET reflected the expression level of LAT1 in lung and mediastinal tumors. It was suggested that 18F-FBPA PET can be used for the precise characterization of the tumor in pretreatment evaluation.