bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Health Information Management System and HIV/Aids Monitoring: Insights From Ethiopia
Authors: Dekita Befekadu Elfiyos , Ramukumba Mokholelana Margaret 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
A well-performing Health Information System (HIS) provides timely, complete, accurate and easily retrievable data. It also reflects the impact of guidelines and policies on the functioning of the health system. However, an HIS in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC), including Ethiopia, is highly complex and influenced by pressures from donors, politics and technical factors. Hence, these countries experience persistent challenges in producing quality data and difficulties using HMIS data from their HISs. This study aimed to evaluate how HMIS was perceived and utilized in HIV/AIDS monitoring in Ethiopia, and views regarding the influence of technical, organizational factors and behavioural factors on the use of HMIS.
Methods
A qualitative evaluative case study using focus group discussions (8) with data producers and users was conducted in selected public hospitals and health centres in Addis Ababa. A purposive critical case sampling was used to recruit participants. Data were collected from 64 participants made up of data clerks, HMIS heads, health information technicians, voluntary counselling and testing (VCT), Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) and Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) heads, medical directors and disease prevention heads. Qualitative analytical techniques using ATLAS.ti Version 8 were used for data analysis, and codes, categories, and themes were validated with the participants.
Result
Key findings revealed that HIV/AIDS-specific indicators, ICT and other related resources were critical barriers to the successful use of the HMIS. Participants believed these technical issues impacted the quality of data adversely and, subsequently, the conversion of that data to information and using it to monitor the HIV/AIDS programme’s performance. Ethiopian guidelines emphasize the benefits of DHIS2 in ensuring the production of good-quality data. However, the system will not produce useful data without clear and meaningful indicators. Timely reporting was hampered by parallel reporting systems such as DHIS2 and SmartCare, a lack of interoperability between these systems, and a hybrid system consisting of paper documents and electronic data.
Conclusion
Technical factors such as data collection tools, the HMIS design, computer software, and reporting formats are all strategic decisions taken by the organization, which in turn influence the behavior of users and the use of HMIS. The health facilities did not process information as expected. However, staff performed the HMIS tasks with the tools available as they tried to make sense of data coming out of the HMIS. Challenges, such as a lack of human resources, specialized skills, and support, could be improved to effectively use the HMIS for generating useful information for HIV monitoring.
The effects of self-video feedback on the eyedrop instillation techniques of glaucoma patients: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Lee Tae-Eun , Cho Youngri , Yoo Hyo Hyun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the effectiveness of instillation technique education using self-video feedback in glaucoma patients.
Methods
Sixty-two patients who self-instilled glaucoma eye drops were randomly assigned to the self-video feedback and control groups according to the block randomization. Each group of the patient was asked to instill eye drops, and videos were recorded. For the control group, only an educational video was provided. In the self-video feedback group, the patients provided educational video and feedback using a recorded video of their own instillation. After one month of education, the patient's instillation techniques were video-recorded again. We divided the steps of instilling eyedrops into 10 steps and evaluated whether each step was properly performed using the recorded images from each patient. The main outcome was the proportion of patients who were properly instilled in each step.
Results
Before education, there was no significant difference in the proportion of patients who were properly instilled between the two groups. In the group that received video feedback, the proportion of patients who instilled the eye drops correctly after education in some items was significantly higher than that of the control group, and in particular, the educational effect of 'avoids touching dropper to eyelid or eyelash' was superior.
Conclusions
In patients with glaucoma, education on the method of instillation was effective in improving the techniques of instillation. In the items that required accurate actions, the video feedback that allowed the patient to observe themselves had a better improvement effect compared to the traditional education method.
Trial registration number:
KCT0008090 (09/01/2023, retrospectively registered)
Effects of Oral Isotretinoin in Women with Acne and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Running Title: Effects of Oral Isotretinoin
Authors: Elnagar Heba Ibrahim , Hashem Osama A. , Aboelwafa Hany Othman , ElHelw Ehab 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Oral isotretinoin is the unique treatment for cure or prolonged remission for moderate and severe acne, preventing psychosocial impact and scars.
Aim: The aim of study was to detect the effects of oral isotretinoin in women with acne and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
Subject and Methods: This was a prospective clinical study included 40 patient's diagnosed clinically in women with acne and polycystic ovary syndrome. Patients will be recruited from dermatology and gynecology outpatient clinic at Damietta faculty of medicine, Al-azhar University.
Results: there was a statistically significant difference between baseline and after treatment acne score (Mean ± SD= 2.42 ± 0.844 vs 0.73 ± 0.452, P < 0.001). Also there was a statistically significant difference between baseline and after treatment global acne score (Mean ± SD= 11.58 ± 5.857 vs 1.65 ± 1.369, P < 0.001),
Conclusion: solely isotretinoin treatment may be beneficial in patients with PCOS and acne who are not capable of using OCPs. Large-scale and well-balanced studies are required to understand the effect of isotretinoin in these patients.
Weather Shocks and Income Inequality
Authors: Nguyen Thi Thao , Nghiem Son 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Climate change is predicted to increase both the frequency and the severity of weather shocks that adversely affect the livelihood of humans, especially those working in agriculture. We study the impact of weather shocks on welfare and how it exacerbates household income inequality. We first recognise the limitations of existing measures of weather shocks and propose an absolute measure that is more robust to the length of time over which weather samples are obtained. Next, we study the impact of the newly constructed weather shocks on welfare measured by different income sources and different types of consumption. The findings suggest that weather shocks reduce crop revenue significantly. We then consider how the diverse impact of weather shocks affects household income inequality. The Gini decomposition of income sources suggests crop income reduces income inequality in rural areas. Overall, weather shocks reduce income from crops and therefore they increase income inequality.
JEL Classification: D63, O13, O18
Study of the Morphological characteristics of Geopolymer concrete based on Eggshell and Bauxite powder
Authors: Chary Konnoju Saikumar , Munilakshmi Nijagala 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Researchers conducted research into the strength properties of a Geopolymer produced from eggshell powder, bauxite, and flyash with RGL and curing for 84 days at ambient temperature. Also studied were changes in products of Morphology, XRD, FTIR studies and SEM images of microstructure. The results indicated that, in various mix proportions, the strength gradually improved from 28 days to 84 days. The aged geopolymer's lower porosity is attributed to the fact that the hardened samples become more compact with time due to gradual Geopolymerization to generate the coexisting C-A-S-H and N-A-S-H gels. Both the early-age and long-term Geopolymers had such an X-ray amorphous phase corresponding to Geopolymerization gel, but the aged specimens contain calcite from eggshell powder and alumina from bauxite powder, showing potential improvement on the properties of mechanical and durability properties were examined using various mix proportions in an experimental investigation.
Clustered event2ledger: Docker event traceability using consortium Hyperledger blockchains
Authors: Marques Marco Antonio , Miers Charles Christian , Obelheiro Rafael Rodrigues , SImplico Marcos Antonio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Container virtualization environments provide high flexibility in the way computing resources are used. In particular, the dynamic (de)allocation of containers in response to service loads addresses issues in the scalability and availability of cloud applications. One drawback of such dynamism, though, is that it becomes harder to monitor the constant stream of state changes in the lifecycle of containers. In this article, we tackle this issue by proposing a monitoring solution called Clustered event2ledger, which benefits from consortium blockchain to implement a distributed collection and storage solution that guarantees data integrity, reliability, and availability. Also, it creates a uniform source of information for providers, end-users, and developers of the container-based solution, thus facilitating auditing of resources usage and analyses involving the chronology of performed operations. We also include a security attack model analysis based on identified threats, which shows that Clustered event2ledger follows the best security practices.
Aging impairs recovery from stress-induced depression in rats possibly by alteration of microRNA-101 expression and Rac1/RhoA pathway in the prefrontal cortex
Authors: Ghaffari-Nasab Arshad , Javani Gonja , Mohaddes Gisou , Alipour Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Along with altering brain responses to stress, aging may also impair recovery from depression symptoms. In the present study, we investigated depressive-like behaviors in young and aged rats and assayed the levels of microRNA-101 (miR-101), Rac1/RhoA, PSD-95, and GluR1 in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) after stress cessation and after a recovery period. Young (3 months old) and aged (22 months old) male Wistar rats were divided into six groups; Young control (YNG), young rats received chronic stress for four weeks (YNG+CS), young rats received chronic stress for four weeks followed by a 6-week recovery period (YNG+CS+REC), Aged control (AGED), aged rats received chronic stress for four weeks (AGED+CS), and aged rats received chronic stress for four weeks followed by a 6-week recovery period (AGED+CS+REC). Stress-induced depression, evaluated by the sucrose preference test (SPT) and forced swimming test (FST), was yet observed after the recovery period in aged but not in young rats, which were accompanied by unchanged levels of miR-101, Rac1/RhoA, GluR1, and PSD-95 in the PFC of aged rats. These data suggested that impaired synaptic plasticity of glutamatergic synapses via the miR-101/Rac1/RhoA pathway may contribute to the delayed behavioral recovery after stress exposure observed in aging animals.
Lightwave-controlled band engineering in quantum materials
Authors: Biswas Shubhadeep , Mitra Sambit , Jimenez-Galan Alvaro , Neuhaus Marcel , Silva Rui , Pervak Vladimir , Kling Matthias 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the stacking and twisting of atom-thin structures with matching crystal symmetry has provided a unique handle to create new superlattice structures where new properties emerge1,2. In parallel, control over the temporal characteristics of strong light fields has allowed to manipulate coherent electron transport in such atom-thin structures on sub-laser-cycle timescales3,4. Here, we demonstrate a tailored lightwave-driven analogue to twisted layer stacking. Tailoring the spatial symmetry of the light waveform to that of the lattice of a hexagonal boron nitride monolayer, and twisting this waveform results in optical control of time-reversal symmetry breaking5, and the realization of the topological model of Haldane6,7 in the laser-dressed 2D insulating crystal. Further, the parameters of the effective Haldane-type Hamiltonian are controlled by the rotating light waveform, enabling ultrafast switching between band structure configurations and unprecedented control over the magnitude, location, and curvature of the band gap. A resultant asymmetric population at complementary quantum valleys leads to a measurable valley Hall current8, detected via optical harmonic polarimetry. The universality and robustness of our scheme opens the way to band engineering on the fly, unlocking the possibility to create few-femtosecond switches of quantum degrees of freedom.
Can we Debunk Disinformation by Leveraging SpeakerCredibility and Perplexity Measures?
Authors: Khilji Abdullah Faiz Ur Rahman , Sachan Anubhav , Lachi Divyansha , Singh Apoorva Vikram , Singh Thoudam Doren 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the present age, fighting disinformation is the main concern after pan-demic. The exponential growth of fake news and its role in deteriorating generalpublic trust and democratic standards certainly calls for counter-combat approaches.The prediction of chances of news to be fake is deemed to be a hard task since mostdeceptive news has its roots in trustworthy news. Influential fake news can be createdwith a minor fabrication in legitimate news that can be used for political, entertain-ment or business-related gains. This work provides an approach to segregate newsinto real and fake exploiting data from multiple sources. Bidirectional Encoder Rep-resentations from Transformers (BERT) is deployed to develop deep learning modelsin order to capture the contextual information present in the data. The proposed modelalso incorporate the speaker profile and the associated credibility in order to improve the performance based on a hybrid sequence encoding model. The model outper-formed the previous state-of-the-art benchmark of the LIAR dataset. This attests therole of the speaker profile and credibility in predicting the validity of news. Addition-ally, leveraging perplexity scores based on BERT and GPT-2 embeddings can help todetermine the legitimacy of the source of fake news on the NELA-GT dataset.
Bioaccumulation of Titanium in diatom Cyclotella atomus Hust
Authors: Elumalai Sanniyasi , Tarani Thirumurugan , Vishali Mahendran , Gopal Rajesh Kanna , Rajesh Damodharan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Diatoms are unique photoautotrophic microalgae, in which the outer cell wall is composed of a silicified skeletal structure called frustules. These microalgae have relatively higher generation times and growth rates than other groups of microalgae. An interesting feature is that the diatom can accumulate a greater volume of heavy metals in its frustule, and have some specialized proteins and enzymes for detoxification of heavy metals. In the present study, a centric diatom was isolated from the Adyar River, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, and morphologically identified as Cyclotella atomus Hust. Based on the bioaccumulation study on the treatment with TiO2 with culturing the diatom Cyclotella atomus and SEM-EDAX analysis it has resulted that, the Ti accumulated on the frustules of the diatom. Therefore, biogenic accumulation and fabrication of Titanium frustules in diatom have advantages in enhancing the efficiency of solar cells.
Non-radial ground state solutions for fractional Schrödinger–Poisson systems in R2
Authors: Che Guofeng , Sun Juntao , Wu Tsung-fang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Note: Please see pdf for full abstract with equations.
In this paper, we study the fractional Schrödinger–Poisson system with general nonlinearity as follows:
(−∆)su + u + l(x)φu = ƒ(u) in R2,
(−∆)tφ = l(x)u2 in R2,
where 1/2 < t ≤ s < 1, the potential l ∈ C(R2, R+) and the nonlinearity ƒ ∈ C(R, R) does not require the classical (AR)-condition. When l(x) ≡ µ > 0 is a parameter, by establishing new estimates for the fractional Laplacian, we find two positive solutions, depending on the range of µ. As a result, a positive ground state solution with negative energy exists for the non-autonomous system without any symmetry on l(x). When l(x) is radially symmetric, we show that the symmetry breaking phenomenon can occur, and that a non-radial ground state solution with negative energy exists. Furthermore, under additional assumptions on l(x), three positive solutions are found. The intrinsic differences between the planar SP system and the planar fSP system are analyzed.
Resonant tunneling of electrons in biased symmetric triangular double barrier nanostructure triodes
Authors: Elabsy Abdelsalam , Attia Mohamed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The present work investigates the resonant tunneling of electrons in symmetric triangular double barrier triodes composed of GaAs-Ga1-xAlxAs nanostructures under a step bias voltage. This work employs the complex energy method to compute the resonant tunneling energy and the associated lifetimes. In the mathematical analysis of this work, the matching conditions are taken at specific points on both lateral sides of the triangular barrier. Results showed decreasing the resonant tunneling energies for both the lowest and excited states by applying step bias voltage and disappearing the lowest energy states at a specific applied bias voltage. The resonant tunneling lifetimes of the present structure exhibited nearly constant behavior at constant values of both well half-width and barrier half-thickness although the enhancement of the bias voltage. Moreover, the lifetimes of both the lowest and excited states increased nearly linearly and overlapped at a specific bias voltage, after which the lifetime of the excited state enhanced parabolically. The results showed considerable agreement with the data published in the literature for both magnitude and tendency. The present work highlights the importance of employing the mass-mismatch condition in studying heterostructures. It is found from the present study that resonant tunneling energies and their related lifetimes are more affected by the variations of the aluminum concentration in the barrier region, barrier thickness, and well width, which can be adjusted to improve the performance of the resonant tunneling triangular triodes and other nanostructure devices.
rMSIfragment: Improving MALDI-MSI Lipidomics through Automated In-Source Fragment Annotation
Authors: Baquer Gerard , Sementé Lluc , Ràfols Pere , Martín-Saiz Lucía , Bookmeyer Christoph , Fernández José A. , Correig Xavier , García-Altares María 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MALDI-MSI) spatially resolves the chemical composition of tissues. Lipids are of particular interest, as they influence important biological processes in health and disease. However, the identification of lipids in MALDI-MSI remains a challenge due to the lack of chromatographic separation or untargeted tandem mass spectrometry. Recent studies have proposed the use of MALDI in-source fragmentation to infer structural information and aid identification. Here we present rMSIfragment, an open-source R package that exploits known adducts and fragmentation pathways to confidently annotate lipids in MALDI-MSI. The annotations are ranked using a novel score that demonstrates an area under the curve of 0.7 in ROC analyses using HPLC-MS and Target-Decoy validations. rMSIfragment applies to multiple MALDI-MSI sample types and experimental setups. Finally, we demonstrate that overlooking in-source fragments increases the number of incorrect annotations. Annotation tools should consider in-source fragmentation such as rMSIfragment to increase annotation confidence and reduce the number of false positives.
Growth Monitoring and Promotion and Index Development for Improved Child Health: A Scoping Review Using Rodgers Concept Analysis Framework
Authors: Moyo Shamiso Alice , Mashau Ntsieni Stella , Makhado Lufuno 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this scoping literature review is to explore the breadth of the available literature, and identify knowledge gaps to inform future research through the use of Rodgers evolutionary concept analysis framework. The literature review also seeks to describe the key child indices developed and their characteristics so as to guide the development of a GMP index for improved child health in Zimbabwe.

Methods:
The keywords growth monitoring and promotion, community health workers, caregivers of children under five years, child health indices, and index development were used to search for relevant literature from Science Direct, Google Scholar, EBSCO, and PUBMED databases in English. The initial electronic database search yielded 535 research articles, and 316 were further assessed for their relevance to the study. An additional 140 articles were excluded from the search as they did not contain adequate evidence as per the Rodgers Evolutionary Framework. After the full-text review, 80 articles out of 220 articles met the inclusion criteria. Those found to be suitable were 25 articles and were thus included in the final analysis.

Results:
Key Antecedents: distance and socio-cultural constraints, CHW activeness, participation of fathers in GMP activities, poor understanding and interpretation of growth charts, poor communication between caregivers and CHWs, full vaccination status and complacency; Attributes: education status of parents, knowledge, attitude, and practices of caregivers and Consequences: timely health interventions, improved child health outcomes, a platform to promote optimal child health practices of GMP activities were identified.

Conclusion:
More research needs to be explored to form indices that incorporate behaviour change metrics. This will lead to an increased evidence base to guide the health system, funders, and policy makers conclusively.
ПАТОФОЗІОЛОГІЧНИЙ ЗВ’ЯЗОК РОЗВИТКУ КОРОНАВІРУСНОЇ ХВОРОБИ, ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ ТКАНИН ПАРОДОНТУ ТА ЦУКРОВОГО ДІАБЕТУ НА ОСНОВІ АНАЛІЗУ ДАНИХ СУЧАСНОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ
Authors: О.О. Бугерчук  , М.М. Рожко  , Т.І., Матвійків  , О. В. Бугерчук  
Published: April 2023

Наприкінці 2019 року світ заполонила пандемія вірусу SARS-CoV-2, що змусила мільярди людей навчитись жити в світі, повному нових правил та обмежень. Від початку пандемії лікарі навчались боротись з цим вірусом, а згодом – вивчати та боротись з наслідками та ускладеннями даної хвороби. Відомо, що у більшості інфікованих, особливо в молодому віці, захворювання має легший перебіг, порівняно з особами старшого віку. У деяких пацієнтів захворювання швидко прогресує та розвиваються різноманітні ускладнення. Тому раннє виявлення та своєчасне лікування критичних випадків має вирішальне значення. Метою дослідження було проаналізувати патофізіологічний зв’язок між COVID-19, цукровим діабе- том та захворюванням тканин пародонту, опираючись на досвід іноземних фахівців згідно огляду сучасних літературних джерел.
Ключові слова: COVID-19, цукровий діабет, пародонтит, АПФ-2.