bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demography and disorders of English Cocker Spaniels under primary veterinary care in the UK
Authors: Engdahl Karolina S. , Brodbelt Dave C. , Cameron Carla , Church David B. , Hedhammar Åke , O’Neill Dan G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe English Cocker Spaniel (ECS) is a common family dog in the UK. This study aimed to describe demography, morbidity, and mortality in ECS under primary veterinary care in the UK during 2016 using data from the VetCompass™ Programme. This study hypothesised that the prevalence of aggression is higher in male than female ECS, and higher in solid-coloured than bi-coloured ECS.ResultsEnglish Cocker Spaniels comprised 10,313/336,865 (3.06%) of dogs under primary veterinary care during 2016. The median age was 4.57 years (inter-quartile range (IQR) 2.25–8.01) and the median adult bodyweight was 15.05 kg (IQR 13.12–17.35). The annual proportional birth rate was relatively stable between 2.97–3.51% from 2005–2016. The most common specific diagnoses were periodontal disease (n = 486, prevalence 20.97%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 19.31–22.62), otitis externa (n = 234, 10.09%, 95% CI: 8.87–11.32), obesity (n = 229, 9.88%, 95% CI: 8.66–11.09), anal sac impaction (n = 187, 8.07%, 95% CI: 6.96–9.18), diarrhoea (n = 113, 4.87%, 95% CI: 4.00–5.75), and aggression (n = 93, 4.01%, 95% CI: 3.21–4.81). The prevalence of aggression was higher in males (4.95%) than in females (2.87%) (P = 0.015) and in solid-coloured (7.00%) than in bi-coloured dogs (3.66%) (P = 0.010). The median age at death was 11.44 years (IQR 9.46–13.47) and the most common grouped causes of death were neoplasia (n = 10, 9.26%, 95% CI: 3.79–14.73), mass-associated disorders (n = 9, 8.33%, 95% CI: 4.45–15.08), and collapse (n = 8, 7.41%, 95% CI: 3.80–13.94).ConclusionsPeriodontal disease, otitis externa, and obesity are identified as the most common health issues for ECS, and neoplasia and mass-associated disorders as the most common reasons for death. The prevalence of aggression was higher in males and solid-coloured dogs. The results can aid veterinarians in giving evidence-based health and breed choice information to dog owners and highlights the importance of thorough oral examination and body condition score evaluation during routine veterinary examination of ECS.
Development of cardiac risk prediction model in patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer on trastuzumab therapy
Authors: Otchere Prince , Adekoya Olusola , Governor Samuel B. , Vuppuluri Naveen , Prabhakar Akruti , Pak Stella , Oppong-Nkrumah Oduro , Cook Francis , Bohinc Rudy , Aune Gregory 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
25% of all breast cancer patients have HER-2 overexpression. Breast Cancer patients with HER-2 overexpression are typically treated with HER-2 inhibitors such as Trastuzumab. Trastuzumab is known to cause a decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction. The aim of this study is to create a cardiac risk prediction tool among women with Her-2 positive breast cancer to predict cardiotoxicity.

Method
Using a split sample design, we created a risk prediction tool using patient level data from electronic medical records. The study included women 18 years of age and older diagnosed with HER-2 positive breast cancer who received Trastuzumab. Outcome measure was defined as a drop in LVEF by more than 10% to less than 53% at any time in the 1-year study period. Logistic regression was used to test predictors.

Results
The cumulative incidence of cardiac dysfunction in our study was 9.4%. The sensitivity and specificity of the model are 46% and 84%, respectively. Given a cumulative incidence of cardiotoxicity of 9%, the negative predictive value of the test was 94%. This suggests that in a low-risk population, the interval of screening for cardiotoxicity may be performed less frequently.

Conclusion
Cardiac risk prediction tool can be used to identify Her-2 positive breast cancer patients at risk of developing cardiac dysfunction. Also, test characteristics in addition to disease prevalence may inform a rational strategy in performing cardiac ultrasound in Her-2 breast cancer patients. We have developed a cardiac risk prediction model with high NPV in a low-risk population which has an appealing cost-effectiveness profile.
Measuring cognitively demanding activities in pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Bahr Nathan , Ivankovic Jonathan , Meckler Garth , Hansen Matthew , Eriksson Carl , Guise Jeanne-Marie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This methodological intersection article demonstrates a method to measure cognitive load in clinical simulations. Researchers have hypothesized that high levels of cognitive load reduce performance and increase errors. This phenomenon has been studied primarily by experimental designs that measure responses to predetermined stimuli and self-reports that reduce the experience to a summative value. Our goal was to develop a method to identify clinical activities with high cognitive burden using physiologic measures.

Methods
Teams of emergency medical responders were recruited from local fire departments to participate in a scenario with a shockable pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (POHCA) patient. The scenario was standardized with the patient being resuscitated after receiving high-quality CPR and 3 defibrillations. Each team had a person in charge (PIC) who wore a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) device that recorded changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin concentration in their prefrontal cortex (PFC), which was interpreted as cognitive activity.
We developed a data processing pipeline to remove nonneural noise (e.g., motion artifacts, heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure) and detect statistically significant changes in cognitive activity. Two researchers independently watched videos and coded clinical tasks corresponding to detected events. Disagreements were resolved through consensus, and results were validated by clinicians.

Results
We conducted 18 simulations with 122 participants. Participants arrived in teams of 4 to 7 members, including one PIC. We recorded the PIC’s fNIRS signals and identified 173 events associated with increased cognitive activity. [Defibrillation] (N = 34); [medication] dosing (N = 33); and [rhythm checks] (N = 28) coincided most frequently with detected elevations in cognitive activity. [Defibrillations] had affinity with the right PFC, while [medication] dosing and [rhythm checks] had affinity with the left PFC.

Conclusions
FNIRS is a promising tool for physiologically measuring cognitive load. We describe a novel approach to scan the signal for statistically significant events with no a priori assumptions of when they occur. The events corresponded to key resuscitation tasks and appeared to be specific to the type of task based on activated regions in the PFC. Identifying and understanding the clinical tasks that require high cognitive load can suggest targets for interventions to decrease cognitive load and errors in care.
Tourists’ engagement in cultural attractions: an exploratory study of psychological and behavioural engagement in indigenous tourism
Authors: Kheiri Jay 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis research explores international tourists’ engagement with Māori indigenous tourist attractions in New Zealand. In-depth interviews with 18 international tourists were conducted after their visits to the Waitangi Treaty Grounds in Northland, New Zealand. The findings revealed clear evidence of some general engagement behaviours such as spending time and enjoyment which led visitors into deeper levels of behavioural and psychological engagement. The behavioural engagement occurred in two primary forms which are taking photos for a range of personal and impersonal purposes as well as conversation with staff. Also, three forms of psychological engagement were found, including engagement with cultural aspects, imagination, and learning. The perception of the authenticity and uniqueness of the attraction were important precursors to tourist behavioural and psychological engagement.
Thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia for radical nephrectomy in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis—a case report
Authors: Haloi Prajnananda , Biswas Rahul , Bora Ananta 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare but fatal neurodegenerative disease of the motor neurons that causes muscle weakness, atrophy, and eventually respiratory failure and death. Anesthesia in these patients carries the risk of aspiration, altered response to muscle relaxants and opioids, ventilatory depression, and neurotoxicity to local anesthetics. Thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia may be a viable alternative to general anesthesia in upper abdominal surgeries in ALS patients.

Case presentation
A 38-year-old patient with ALS diagnosed with a left renal mass of mitotic origin was scheduled for radical nephrectomy after an evaluation. Thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia was planned for the patient. The surgery and perioperative period were uneventful, and postoperative analgesic consumption was minimal. The patient was discharged without any progress in his neurodegenerative state.

Conclusions
Our experience with thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia for nephrectomy in this ALS has been satisfactory. Our goals of maintaining hemodynamic stability, avoiding respiratory depression, and limiting further neurological impairment were all achieved. Further studies are needed to establish thoracic segmental spinal anesthesia as a better modality for such cases.
Fault detection model for a variable speed heat pump
Authors: Boahen Samuel , Ofori-Amanfo Kwadwo Boateng , Amoabeng Kofi Owura , Ayetor Godwin , Obeng George Yaw , Opoku Richard , Dzebre Dennis Edem 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe impact of the COVID pandemic has resulted in many people cultivating a remote working culture and increasing building energy use. A reduction in the energy use of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems is necessary for decreasing the energy use in buildings. The refrigerant charge of a heat pump greatly affects its energy use. However, refrigerant leakage causes a significant increase in the energy use of HVAC systems. The development of refrigerant charge fault detection models is, therefore, important to prevent unwarranted energy consumption and $${CO}_{2}$$

CO

2

emissions in heat pumps. This paper examines refrigerant charge faults and their effect on a variable speed heat pump and the most accurate method between a multiple linear regression and multilayer perceptron model to use in detecting the refrigerant charge fault using the discharge temperature of the compressor, outdoor entering water temperature and compressor speed as inputs, and refrigerant charge as the output. The COP of the heat pump decreased when it was not operating at the optimum refrigerant charge, while an increase in compressor speed compensated for the degradation in the capacity during refrigerant leakage. Furthermore, the multilayer perception was found to have a higher prediction accuracy of the refrigerant charge fault with a mean square error of ± 3.7%, while the multiple linear regression model had a mean square error of ± 4.5%. The study also found that the multilayer perception model requires 7 neurons in the hidden layer to make viable predictions on any subsequent test sets fed into it under similar experimental conditions and parameters of the heat pump used in this study.
Randomized Phase II Trial of Endocrine Therapy With or Without Ribociclib After Progression on Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibition in Hormone Receptor–Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: MAINTAIN Trial
Authors: Kalinsky Kevin , Accordino Melissa K. , Chiuzan Codruta , Mundi Prabhjot S. , Sakach Elizabeth , Sathe Claire , Ahn Heejoon , Trivedi Meghna S. , Novik Yelena , Tiersten Amy , Raptis George , Baer Lea N. , Oh Sun Y. , Zelnak Amelia B. , Wisinski Kari B. , Andreopoulou Eleni , Gradishar William J. , Stringer-Reasor Erica , Reid Sonya A. , O'Dea Anne , O'Regan Ruth , Crew Katherine D. , Hershman Dawn L. 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) with endocrine therapy (ET) improves progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in hormone receptor–positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HER2–) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Although preclinical and clinical data demonstrate a benefit in changing ET and continuing a CDK4/6i at progression, no randomized prospective trials have evaluated this approach. METHODS In this investigator-initiated, phase II, double-blind placebo-controlled trial in patients with HR+/HER2– MBC whose cancer progressed during ET and CDK4/6i, participants switched ET (fulvestrant or exemestane) from ET used pre-random assignment and randomly assigned 1:1 to the CDK4/6i ribociclib versus placebo. PFS was the primary end point, defined as time from random assignment to disease progression or death. Assuming a median PFS of 3.8 months with placebo, we had 80% power to detect a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.58 (corresponding to a median PFS of at least 6.5 months with ribociclib) with 120 patients randomly assigned using a one-sided log-rank test and significance level set at 2.5%. RESULTS Of the 119 randomly assigned participants, 103 (86.5%) previously received palbociclib and 14 participants received ribociclib (11.7%). There was a statistically significant PFS improvement for patients randomly assigned to switched ET plus ribociclib (median, 5.29 months; 95% CI, 3.02 to 8.12 months) versus switched ET plus placebo (median, 2.76 months; 95% CI, 2.66 to 3.25 months) HR, 0.57 (95% CI, 0.39 to 0.85); P = .006. At 6 and 12 months, the PFS rate was 41.2% and 24.6% with ribociclib, respectively, compared with 23.9% and 7.4% with placebo. CONCLUSION In this randomized trial, there was a significant PFS benefit for patients with HR+/HER2– MBC who switched ET and received ribociclib compared with placebo after previous CDK4/6i and different ET.
Successful use of conjunctival flaps to prolong survival of type I keratoprosthesis in severe bilateral chemical burns: two case reports
Authors: Mahuvakar Sheetal , Jain Neha , Basu Sayan 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: This report describes the use of conjunctival flaps to enable the survival of type I keratoprosthesis (KPro) in two cases of bilateral severe total limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) following chemical burns. Presentation of case: Two patients had a history of bilateral chemical injury with lime. On examination, the presenting vision was light perception to hand motions and both cases had conjunctivalized ocular surfaces with symblepharon. A modified technique of type I keratoprosthesis was used, where the conjunctivalized corneal pannus was dissected and lifted off as an inferior fornix-based conjunctival flap. This was followed by a standard surgical technique of type I KPro. The flap was then secured over the device and optical opening was made two weeks later. Both the patients had stable ocular surfaces with visual acuity of 20/20 at 2–7 years of follow-up. Discussion: In patients with total LSCD with adnexal involvement, type I KPro has unsatisfactory long-term survival because of the risk of repeated epithelial breakdowns and stromal ulceration. With the innovative approach described in this report, type I KPro can be successfully used for sustainable visual improvement in the presence of severe ocular surface disease and symblepharon. Conclusion: Conjunctival flaps can be used along with type I KPros to improve long-term survival and give sustainable visual outcomes in cases of bilateral corneal blindness due to advanced ocular surface damage.
Migration and Global Network Formation: Evidence from Female Scientists in Developing Countries
Authors: Fry Caroline , Furman Jeffrey L. 
Published: May 2023

As agents who have the opportunity to develop connections in multiple geographic locations and networks, migrants are uniquely suited to play brokerage roles in science, innovation, and entrepreneurship. But can they succeed in connecting others in their home and host environments? We investigate this question in the context of women in science in the developing world. We hypothesize that the extent to which such scholars facilitate connections will depend upon the extent to which their home and host country institutional environments support them in this brokerage role. Specifically, we propose that the effectiveness of female migrants as brokers is mitigated by national level gender parity, which we expect influences their level of legitimacy and opportunity for brokerage. Our analysis finds that female migrants in science are more likely to share international connections with non-migrants at home if their home countries and host countries have high levels of gender parity. We interpret these findings as providing evidence that institutional support is critical for migrant brokerage and the globalization of knowledge production. History: This paper has been accepted for the Organization Science Special Issue on Migration & Organizations. Funding: This work was supported by the National Bureau of Economics Research Science of Science Funding program (Science of Science Funding program) J. L. Furman gratefully acknowledges financial support from NSF SciSIP grant, SES-1564368. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2023.1683 .
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH LUMPUR BERMINYAK MELALUI PROSES STABILISASI-SOLIDIFIKASI UNTUK PEMBUATAN BATA BETON BERLUBANG
Authors: Mizwar Andy 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan limbah lumpur berminyak dari operasional waste pit kilang minyak sebagai bahan campuran dalam pembuatan bata beton berlubang yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian skala laboratorium dengan menerapkan teknik stabilisasi/solidifikasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan campuran lumpur, semen dan pasir. Kemudian dicetak dengan ukuran 9 cm x 19 cm x 39 cm. Pengeringan dilakukan selama 28 hari. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap porositas, serapan air, densitas, kuat tekan dan TCLP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bata beton berlubang yang dihasilkan memiliki berat, porositas, serapan air, dan densitas yang lebih rendah daripada bata beton berlubang standar SNI maupun pasaran. Semua bata beton berlubang yang dihasilkan memenuhi baku mutu TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure) berdasarkan PP No.85 tahun 1999. Kuat tekan bata beton berlubang dengan komposisi lumpur:pasir:semen sebesar 24%:56%:20% memenuhi kualifikasi mutu tingkat II SNI 03-0349-1989.
KAJIAN ASPEK LINGKUNGAN ALTERNATIF LOKASI UNTUK REPLACEMENT PABRIK III-B PT. PUSRI
Authors: Warmadewanthi IDAA 
Published: May 2023

Sebagai pelopor produsen pupuk urea di Indonesia, PT. PUSRI memiliki komitmen untuk mewujudkan industri pupuk yang ramah lingkungan. Saat ini, PT. PUSRI memiliki beberapa masalah (khususnya pada Pabrik III dan IV) yaitu konsumsi gas alam 25% lebih tinggi akibat umur pabrik yang sudah di atas 43 tahun, meningkatnya biaya investasi dan operasional untuk peralatan pabrik yang sudah berumur, serta spare part yang sulit didapatkan dan memiliki harga yang mahal. Untuk operasi yang lebih efisien, PT. PUSRI merencanakan replacement pabrik dengan 3 alternatif lokasi yaitu lokasi IA dan IB terletak di Sisi Timur dan Barat area Kawasan Tanjung Api-Api serta lokasi II terletak di Area komplek PT. PUSRI. Untuk menentukan lokasi yang paling prospektif, masing-masing lokasi perlu dikaji terutama dalam aspek lingkungan. Studi ini mengkaji dengan analasis SWOT yang kemudian akan dilakukan scoring untuk menggambarkan hasil yang kuantitatif. Hasil analisis Strength menunjukan alternatif lokasi II lebih unggul karena memiliki zona penyangga dan konservasi flora fauna. Pada analisis Weakness, lokasi IA dan IB terdapat kekurangan karena tidak memiliki zona penyangga, serta kualitas badan air sebagai sumber air baku dan teknologi pengolahan air baku yang tidak memadai. Lokasi II memiliki kekurangan karena tidak memiliki teknologi pengolahan limbah cair domestik dan industri. Hasil analisis Opportunity lokasi IA dan IB memiliki lebih banyak subkriteria yang dinilai berpeluang bagi PT. PUSRI. Untuk analisis Threat, alternatif lokasi IA dan IB memiliki beberapa subkriteria yang dinilai sebagai tantangan salah satunya badan air untuk menerima beban limbah pada lokasi IA dan IB karena lokasi yang berada di muara sungai.
Guide to the design of broadband full polarization imager based on dispersion-compensation Savart plates
Authors: Zhang Ning , Zhao Mingfan , Zhang Yunyao , Li Siyuan 
Published: May 2023

We provide a broadband channeled, modulated full polarization imaging technology based on dispersion-compensation Savart plates in 2020. It has the advantages of being compact, using the snapshot method, and having a bandwidth of 0.132 µm. It is thus invaluable for applications in diverse fields, including remote sensing, biomedicine, and military science. However, there are a lot of angle restrictions in the system. In practice, these angles cannot achieve such high machining precision, and we use the tolerance or compensation method of errors to analyze the influence of the angle deviation. This analysis will help the system achieve better compactness and stability and provide analysis methods for systems that use crystals as its key elements.
Lived experiences of disabled individuals living in Bahir Dar City, North West Ethiopia, a phenomenological study
Authors: Jemberu Lijalem , Wasihun Yosef , Anagaw Tadele Fentabil , Bogale Eyob Ketema 
Published: May 2023

Background
When an individual’s activities and performances in a normal environment are limited in nature, function, or quality, that person is considered to have a disability. Although many studies on disabled people’s lived experiences have been conducted around the world, there is still a significant gap between nations in multiple cases such as culture, economic status, and the recommendation of a previous study in Ethiopia, which is one reason for conducting this research.

Objectives
To explore the lived experiences of disabled individuals living in Bahir Dar City

Methods
A descriptive phenomenology study design was employed in Bahir Dar city on 15 disabled individuals from November 15 to December 20, 2022. A heterogeneous purposive sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data was collected by using an in-depth interview. The rigor and trustworthiness of the study were maintained by transferability, dependability, credibility, and conformability. Colaizzi’s phenomenological analysis method was used for the development of codes and themes. Software (ATLAS. ti 7) version 7.5.6 was used for analysis.

Result
Five major themes and fourteen sub-themes were developed that explain lived experiences of disabled individuals. Physical, psychological, social, economic and coping strategy experiences were major themes. Depression and negative emotional behavior were sub-themes under psychological experiences. Unemployment with the absence of a workplace and inadequate income were sub-themes under the economical experiences of participants.

Conclusion
In this qualitative interview study, the lived experience of individuals living with disability in Bahir Dar city were addressed in terms of the physical, psychological, social, economic, and coping mechanism experience of disabled individuals. Special needs professionals and social support groups should have been assigned and present in all institutions to serve the PwDs to assure equal accessibility of services.
Very Important People: Status and Beauty in the Global Party Circuit, Ashley Mears (2020)
Authors: Reed Damon 
Published: May 2023

Review of: Very Important People: Status and Beauty in the Global Party Circuit, Ashley Mears (2020)
Princeton, NJ and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 320 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-69122-705-4, p/bk, £12.99
ISBN 978-0-69116-865-4, h/bk, £25.00