bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BCDDO: Binary Child Drawing Development Optimization
Authors: Issa Abubakr S. , Ali Yossra H. , Rashid Tarik A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

A lately created metaheuristic algorithm called Child Drawing Development Optimization (CDDO) has proven to be effective in a number of benchmark tests. A Binary Child Drawing Development Optimization (BCDDO) is suggested for choosing the wrapper features in this study. To achieve the best classification accuracy, a subset of crucial features is selected using the suggested BCDDO. The proposed feature selection technique's efficiency and effectiveness are assessed using the Harris Hawk, Grey Wolf, Salp, and Whale optimization algorithms. The suggested approach has significantly outperformed the previously discussed techniques in the area of feature selection to increase classification accuracy. Moderate COVID, breast cancer, and big COVID are the three datasets utilized in this study. The classification accuracy for each of the three datasets was (98.75, 98.83%, and 99.36) accordingly.
MCDDO: Overcoming Challenges and Enhancing Performance in Search Optimization
Authors: Ameen Azad A , Rashid Tarik A. , Askar Shavan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The child drawing development optimization (CDDO) algorithm, which falls under the category of Human-based algorithms, is a recent example of a metaheuristic approach. This metaheuristic algorithm draws inspiration from the learning behavior of children in terms of drawing and cognitive development as they progress through different stages based on their age. Unlike many other search optimization algorithms, the CDDO algorithm is relatively simple to implement, requires minimal parameter tuning, and outperforms several existing search optimization algorithms. However, despite these advantages, the CDDO algorithm may encounter challenges such as getting trapped in local optima, exhibiting poor performance during the exploration phase, and experiencing stagnation of the local best solution. To overcome these issues, we propose a modified version of the CDDO algorithm (MCDDO). The MCDDO incorporates four key mechanisms: (1) iterative pattern memory updating during the exploitation phase, where new experiences are compared with the child's current drawings; (2) a change in the primary rule employed during the exploitation phase; (3) parameter tuning to strike a balance between exploration and exploitation phases; and (4) preservation of the best solution obtained in each iteration and comparing new solutions with the best solution during the exploration phase. If a new solution is found to be superior, the child's drawings are updated; otherwise, they remain unchanged. This modification introduces entirely different algorithmic mechanisms to update the conditions during the exploitation phase, resulting in improved performance, and leading to the creation of the MCDDO. The performance of the MCDDO algorithm is evaluated through experiments conducted on two standard benchmark functions: 19 classical test functions and 10 CEC-C06 2019 functions. Additionally, an evaluation is made between the MCDDO algorithm and six others widely used algorithms. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test confirms that the MCDDO outperforms the alternative algorithms.
Effects of inflammation on voriconazole metabolism and peripheral blood trough concentration
Authors: Huang Qi , Jing Wen , Ting-ting Dai , Shao Liu , Liu Qiong , Jiang Yueping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The inner association of inflammation with voriconazole (VCZ) metabolism has not been fully investigated. This study further discussed the relationship between C-reactive protein (CRP) and voriconazole blood trough concentration, and provided reference for clinical rational use of voriconazole in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Objective
To investigate the influence of CRP on the trough concentration of voriconazole (VCZ) and provide reference for rational drug use in clinical practice.
Methods
The data of patients who used voriconazole in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively, and the plasma concentration of voriconazole was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC). The effects of age, sex, liver function, kidney function and CRP on plasma concentration of voriconazole were analyzed, and the relationship between CRP and the plasma concentration of voriconazole was analyzed by using the ROC curve of the subjects.
Results
In total, 284 patients were included in the study. Gender, age and renal function had no obvious influence on the valley concentration of voriconazole.There was a significant correlation between Glutamyltranspeptidase (GTP) and voriconazole valley concentration (P = 0.00487). With the increase of CRP, the trough concentration of voriconazole also increased. In the ROC curve evaluation, the area under the diagnostic curve (AUC) with CRP value of the predictor is 0.7898 (95% CI = 0.7157 ~ 0.8639, P < 0.0001), and the corresponding optimal critical cut-off point was 37.7 mg/L, which indicated that when the CRP was 37.7 mg/L, the incidence of voriconazole blood trough concentration exceeding 5.0 mg/L was high.
Conclusion
The blood trough concentration of voriconazole is very different between human and human.. Inflammation is one of the factors affecting the concentration of voriconazole in blood. It can be predicted that the CRP value will be higher than 37.7 mg/L, and the blood concentration of voriconazole may be higher than 5.0 mg/L under the same loading dose. Therefore, it is suggested to pay attention to CRP in patients when voriconazole is used clinically. When it is higher than 37.7 mg/L, more attention should be paid to the blood trough concentration of voriconazole to avoid liver dysfunction and other more serious complications.
Preparation of crosslinking-grafting cationic starch flocculant and its study on textile dyes removal
Authors: 张 昊 , Li Jiaqian , Cao Shuchen , Ding Yang , Wang Haitao , Chang Na 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the aim of textile printing and dyeing wastewater efficient and environmental friendly treatment, a cross-linked grafted cationic starch flocculant CGSt was prepared to study its removal performance of textile dyes. Here in, corn starch (St) was used as raw material, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) and N.N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) were used as cationization grafting monomer and crosslinking monomer, respectively, and an environmentally friendly Fenton initiation system was adopted. The chemical structure and physicochemical properties of CGSt were characterized SEM, XPS, XRD and FTIR. The flocculation performance of CGSt on acid light yellow G, direct lake blue 5B and reactive brilliant blue KE-GN was investigated. The removal rate RR of CGSt to Acid Light Yellow G, Reactive Brilliant Blue KE-GN and Direct Lake Blue 5B reaches 97.2%, 96.3% and 97.2%, respectively. CGSt has a wide flocculation window from 5 g/L to 12g/L. It maintains good flocculation performance in a wide pH range from 4 to 9, and the RR was the highest when pH was 9, which is beneficial for the treatment of textile printing and dyeing wastewater with high alkalinity, complex composition and variable water quality by CGSt.
Screening of Potential Probiotic Bacteria From Chili Calyx and Detection of Its Probable Bioactive Metabolites
Authors: M Shivani T , Sathiavelu Mythili 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Potential source of non-dairy lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from chili calyx was studied in the current study. The target of the current research involved isolation of potential LAB, its identification, and lastly characterization of the properties of lactic acid bacteria and determining whether they could possess an integral role in the production of metabolites. Initially, the isolated bacteria were examined for physical and microscopic properties. The bacteria were found to be gram negative and catalase positive during the initial screening. SEM image confirmed the bacteria to have rod shape structure. The isolate was further exposed to a stress environment that included various levels of bile, phenol, acid, and simulated gastric conditions. Among all of the different parameters, the LAB isolate demonstrated a survival percentage of higher than 70%. By analysing the isolate for hemolytic assay and antibacterial activity, the safety characteristics were assessed later. The isolate's preliminary characteristics supported that it was safe for usage because it did not exhibit any zone formation or γ-hemolysis in the hemolytic assay. In terms of antimicrobial activity, all strains were able to suppress the enteric pathogens, which was confirmed by the existence of a zone. Following the aforementioned tests, 16S rRNA gene-sequencing was performed and phylogenetic analysis identified the isolate as Enterobacter cloacae. The LAB's ability to produce secondary metabolites was finally analysed. After being extracted, the secondary metabolites were recognized by GCMS and confirmed by FTIR.
FilGAP regulates tumor growth in Glioma through the regulation of mTORC1 and mTORC2
Authors: Tsutsumi Koji , Nohara Ayumi , Tanaka Taiki , Murano Moe , Miyagaki Yurina , Ohta Yasutaka 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that forms the two different protein complexes, known as mTORC1 and mTORC2. mTOR signaling is activated in a variety of tumors, including glioma that is one of the malignant brain tumors. FilGAP (ARHGAP24) is a negative regulator of Rac, a member of Rho family small GTPases. In this study, we found that FilGAP interacts with mTORC1/2 and is involved in tumor formation in glioma. FilGAP interacted with mTORC1 via Raptor and with mTORC2 via Rictor and Sin1. Depletion of FilGAP in KINGS-1 glioma cells decreased phosphorylation of S6K and AKT. Furthermore, overexpression of FilGAP increased phosphorylation of S6K and AKT, suggesting that FilGAP activates mTORC1/2. U-87MG, glioblastoma cells, showed higher mTOR activity than KINGS-1, and phosphorylation of S6K and AKT was not affected by suppression of FilGAP expression. However, in the presence of PI3K inhibitors, phosphorylation of S6K and AKT was also decreased in U-87MG by depletion of FilGAP, suggesting that FilGAP activates mTORC2 in PI3K-independent manner. Finally, we showed that depletion of FilGAP in KINGS-1 and U-87MG cells significantly reduced spheroid growth. These results suggest that FilGAP may contribute to tumor growth in glioma by regulating mTORC1/2 activities.
Influence of steps per day on health-related quality of life in schoolchildren: the mediator role of cardiorespiratory fitness
Authors: Rodríguez-Gutiérrez Eva , Torres-Costoso Ana , Martínez-García Irene , de Arenas-Arroyo Sergio Núñez , Medrano-Echeverría María , Lucerón-Lucas-Torres Maribel , Sequí-Domínguez Irene , Álvarez-Bueno Celia , Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To analyse the relationship between steps per day and HRQoL and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and to examine whether the relationship between steps per day and HRQoL is mediated by CRF in schoolchildren.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional study including 501 schoolchildren (aged 9–12 years, 47.3% girls), from Cuenca, Spain. Steps per day were measured using the Xiaomi MI Band 3 Smart Bracelet, HRQoL was estimated by the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire and CRF was assessed using the 20-m shuttle run test.
Results
ANCOVA and MANOVA models showed that children with a higher mean number of steps per day (> 9,000 steps/day) had better HRQoL (global score and physical and psychological well-being) and higher CRF levels than their peers with a lower number of steps per day (p < 0.05); however, these differences were attenuated when controlling for sex, age, mother’s education level and CRF (p > 0.05). Linear regression models estimated that each 1000-step increment was associated with better CRF (β = 0.350). In addition, the relationship between steps per day HRQoL global score and physical and psychological well-being is partially mediated by CRF (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Steps per day is a good metric to estimate daily physical activity because of its positive relationship with CRF. Moreover, those children taking more than 9,000 steps per day have better physical and psychological well-being. Finally, a substantial part of the improvement in HRQoL achieved through the increase in physical activity (steps per day) is mediated by CRF.
Predicting tomorrow’s biodiversity: what do we miss at local scale?
Authors: Collart Flavien , Kiebacher Thomas , Quetsch Marion , Broennimann Olivier , Guisan Antoine , Vanderpoorten Alain 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Evidence for the need of shifting scales in biodiversity analyses under global change is mounting, raising the question of the variables operating at fine scales. We evaluated the extent to which community composition of one guild of land plants (bryophytes vs tracheophytes) can be predicted from abiotic variables, species composition and architecture of the other guild. Tracheophyte community composition, which integrates biotic and abiotic factors, was, by far, the best predictor of bryophyte community composition, suggesting that, even in an intensively studied natural laboratory such as the Western Swiss Alps, improved measurements and mapping of micro-environmental factors are urgently required.
The costs of suboptimal breastfeeding in Ontario, Canada, and potential economic impacts from improving rates: A health system costing analysis
Authors: Onah Nnachebe Michael , Hoy Sandra , Slofstra Kathleen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Human milk from the breast is the healthiest option for human infants. All other sources of nutrition pose some risk to child, maternal and environmental health. There are significant costs to suboptimal rates of breastfeeding for children, families and society. In Ontario, Canada, breastfeeding initiation rates are high (over 92%), however exclusivity and duration rates drop over time. Suboptimal breastfeeding rates result in an associated cost burden for both families and the health care system.
Methods
We calculated the savings that the Ontario healthcare system would have benefited from had breastfeeding rates been higher, both from the time of hospital discharge and at 6 months postpartum. Using methods from similar studies carried out in the UK, US, Spain, Mexico and Southeast Asia we estimate the benefits of increased exclusive breastfeeding rates based on the lower incidence of childhood and maternal diseases for which there is robust evidence, including: lower respiratory infections, gastroenteritis, otitis media, childhood leukemia, necrotising enterocolitis, and breast and ovarian cancers. We used existing databases and literature to estimate the monetary cost of these diseases.
Results
It is estimated that suboptimal exclusive breastfeeding at 6 months of age for infants born in Ontario in 2019 costs the Ontario healthcare system about US $211 million per annum in treatment costs for five childhood and two maternal illnesses. Increasing exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rate at 6 months (36.3%) to rate at discharge from hospital after delivery (64.9%) would save about US$73 million dollars per annum and about US$134 million if EBF rate at 6 months were increased to initiation rates (92.1%).
Conclusions
Interventions that facilitate the breastfeeding relationship and support families who want to feed their children human milk are cost effective, upstream investments in public health. Evidence based strategies aimed at helping to establish and maintain an exclusive breastfeeding relationship would contribute to lowering both the health burden on families and the associated fiscal burden on the Ontario healthcare system.
Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Magnetic chitosan/sludge biochar composites for Removal of Cu2+ions
Authors: Zhang Meng , Wang Xinglei , Nie Jing , Lv Hui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The magnetic chitosan/sludge biochar composite adsorbent was prepared using chitosan, Fe3O4, and sludge biochar as raw materials. The composite adsorbent can achieve rapid solid-liquid separation under the action of an external magnetic field. The morphology and microstructure of the composite adsorbent were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, VSM, and BET analysis. The adsorption performance of the composite adsorbent for Cu2+ was investigated through static adsorption experiments, and the effects of adsorbent dosage, initial concentration of Cu2+, initial pH value of the solution, and adsorption temperature on the adsorption efficiency of Cu2+ were discussed. The results showed that chitosan and Fe3O4 were successfully loaded onto the sludge biochar. When the initial concentration of Cu2+ was 30 mg/L, the dosage of the magnetic chitosan/sludge biochar composite material was 0.05 g, the adsorption time was 180 min, pH was 5, and the temperature was room temperature, the maximum removal rate of Cu2+ reached 99.77%, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 55.16 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm data fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, indicating a chemical adsorption process of monolayer coverage.
A multidisciplinary approach unveils the distribution of the Alpine long-eared bat Plecotus macrobullaris in Italy
Authors: Mori Emiliano , Baratti Mariella , Viviano Andrea , Dondini Gianna , Vergari Simone , Patriarca Elena , Debernardi Paolo , Spada Martina , Vergari Sebastiano , Ancillotto Leonardo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The application of genetic techniques has allowed to identify a number of cryptic species of bats and to better define their distribution ranges and conservation status. Long-eared bats Plecotus spp. occur throughout Eurasia and Africa, with a high number of morphologically similar species, often occurring in sympatry. Therefore, disentangling the distribution of one species from another may be challenging. Italy represents a diversity hotspot for long-eared bats in Europe, hosting six species belonging to the genus Plecotus. In this study we report on both unpublished ad-hoc investigations on the Alpine long-eared bat Plecotus macrobullaris by integrating field and molecular methods, as well as opportunistic verified records from citizen scientists, to redefine the distribution of this species in Italy. We retrieved a total of 27 unpublished confirmed records, namely 11 from iNaturalist, 4 from Facebook, and 13 from personal communications from bat workers. In Italy, the species was known to occur throughout the Alpine and Pre-Alpine chain, in some plain sites in Northeastern regions, and near the sea in Liguria. Based on new records, we proved that it occurs also in the other areas, including the Northern Apennine ridge. Thus, from the legal point of view, our findings also included a novel administrative region (Tuscany) within the area of presence of P. macrobullarisi.e., expand the responsibility of the species monitoring and implementation of conservation measures to additional authorities, as expected by the Habitats Directive.
On a bio-based epoxy vitrimer from a cardanol derivative
Authors: Ferretti Federico , Damonte Giacomo , Cantamessa Francesco , Arrigo Rossella , Athanassiou Athanassia , Zych Arkadiusz , Fina Alberto , Monticelli Orietta 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The development of this work lies in the relevant interest in epoxy resins, which, despite their wide use, do not meet the requirements for sustainable materials. Therefore, the proposed approach considers the need to develop environmentally friendly systems, both in terms of the starting material and the synthetic method applied, as well as in terms of end-of-life. The above issues were taken into account by: i) using a monomer from renewable sources, ii) promoting the formation of dynamic covalent bonds, allowing for material reprocessing, and iii) evaluating the degradability of the material. Indeed, an epoxy derived from cardanol was used, which for the first time was applied in the development of a vitrimer system. The exploitation of a diboronic ester dithiol ([2,2′-(1,4-phenylene)-bis[4-mercaptan-1,3,2-dioxaborolane], DBEDT) as a cross-linker allowed the cross-linking reaction to be carried out without the use of solvents and catalysts, through a thiol-epoxy “click” mechanism. The dynamicity of the network was demonstrated by gel fraction experiments, rheological and DMA measurements. In particular, the formation of a vitrimer was highlighted, characterized by low relaxation times (around 4 seconds at 70°C) and an activation energy of ca. 50 kJ/mol. Moreover, the developed material, which is easily biodegradable in sea water, was found to show promising flame reaction behavior. Preliminary experiments demonstrated that, unlike an epoxy resin prepared stating from the same monomer and using a classical cross-linker, our boron-containing material exhibited no dripping under combustion conditions, a phenomenon that will allow this novel bio-based system to be widely used.
Catatonia-like behavior and immune activation: a crosstalk between psychopathology and pathology in schizophrenia
Authors: Messina Antonino , Caraci Filippo , Aguglia Eugenio , Signorelli Maria Salvina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: in Kalhbaum's first description of catatonia, symptoms of the affective domain, such as blunted affect, were included in addition to motor symptoms. Recently some authors proposed to revisit the concept of catatonia by including symptoms such as blunted affect and psychomotor slowing. This study aimed to investigate the association between catatonic-like behavior (CLB) (emotional withdrawal, blunted affect, and psychomotor slowing) and inflammatory markers, such as neutrophil/lymphocytes ratio (NLR) and lymphocytes/monocytes ratio (LMR) in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Method: a sample of 25 patients with schizophrenia (10 females, 15 males) was recruited, and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) was used to assess the severity of emotional withdrawal, blunted affect, and psychomotor slowing.
Findings: the correlation analysis (Spearman r) revealed a robust direct association between blunted affect and psychomotor slowing (r=0.79, P=0.00), and a significant direct correlation between CLB (emotional withdrawal, r=0.51, P=0.05; blunted affect r=0.58, P=0.05; motor retardation, r=0.56, P=0.05) and LMR (r=0.53, P=0.05).
In addition, patients with a duration of illness (DOI) older than five years had a higher presence of CLB and a higher LMR than patients with a more recent diagnosis of the disease. Likely, patients with positive symptoms and in the prodromal and active stages of the disease have a different immune profile than patients in the residual stage and with a predominance of negative symptoms.
Conclusions: psychomotor slowing and blunted affect are two significantly related features, representing the two-faced Janus of immobility. Furthermore, aggregating them in CLB is more predominant the longer the duration of schizophrenia and is associated with different a specific pattern of immune activation.