bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Predictive Nomogram for the Risk of Delayed Incision Healing After Open Posterior Lumbar Surgery
Authors: An Yan , Jiang Jun , Peng Tianliang , Zhao Junhui , Zhang Xinyuan , Zhao Xiaoyong 
Published: June 2023

Study Design:
This was a primary research study.

Objective:
A risk nomogram was established and externally validated by exploring the related risk factors for delayed incision healing in patients undergoing open posterior lumbar surgery.

Summary of Background Data:
The use of a nomogram model to predict prognosis in patients with delayed incision healing is an evolving field given the complex presentation of patients with this condition.

Patients and Methods:
This study reviewed 954 patients with data collected from January 2017 to December 2021 who were randomized into a training set and a validation set (7:3). We built a prediction model based on a training set of 616 patients. The “least absolute shrinkage and selection operator” regression model was applied to screen out the optimal prediction features, and binary logistic regression was used to develop a prediction model. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical applicability of the prediction model were assessed by using the area under the curve, C-index, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis.

Results:
Postoperative delayed incision healing occurred in 214 (24.4%) patients. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model showed that smoking, white blood cell count, infection, diabetes, and obesity were involved in delayed incision healing (P ≠ 0). A binary logistic regression model confirmed that smoking [odds ratio (OR) = 3.854, 95% CI: 1.578~9.674, P = 0.003], infection (OR = 119.524, 95% CI: 59.430~263.921, P < 0.001), diabetes (OR = 3.935, 95% CI: 1.628~9.703, P = 0.003), and obesity (OR = 9.906, 95% CI: 4.435~23.266, P < 0.001) were predictors of delayed incision healing, and a nomogram model was established. The area under the curve was 0.917 (95% CI: 0.876–0.959). The calibration curve showed good consistency. Decision curve analysis showed that when the risk threshold of delayed incision healing was >5%, the use of this nomogram was more clinically valuable.

Conclusions:
Smoking, infection, diabetes, and obesity are risk factors for delayed incision healing. The nomogram model could be used to predict the risk of delayed incision healing and could provide a reference for early clinical intervention.
Impact of Mask-Associated Dry Eye on Symptom Score
Authors: Chen Elaine , Rueff Erin , Nguyen Andrew Loc 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
Owing to widespread mask use during the COVID-19 pandemic and clinical reports tying mask use with dryness, this study endeavors to determine if mask use is linked to symptoms of dry eye.

Methods:
A prospective, cross-sectional survey study was performed. The survey used a modified Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness Questionnaire (SPEED, TearScience, Morrisville, NC) within 15 min of the beginning and discontinuation of mask wear. The survey also asked about mask wear time, mask style, visual correction, age, and gender.

Results:
The change in SPEED scores was statistically significant (P=0.03) between participants with mild SPEED score at baseline (0–9) versus severe SPEED score at baseline (10–28) (n=77: 59 female, 16 male, 1 nonbinary, and 1 declined to answer; range 22–55 years old). Participants in the severe group used masks with nose wire more than the mild group (P=0.03).

Conclusions:
In this sample, dry eye symptoms were most exacerbated with mask wear in those that had mild initial symptom scores compared with those with severe symptom scores at baseline. The use of nose wire masks may be protective, as the severe group used this type more and had significantly less exacerbation of symptoms postmask wear.
Efficacy and Safety of Teduglutide in Infants and Children With Short Bowel Syndrome Dependent on Parenteral Support
Authors: Chiba Masahiro , Masumoto Kouji , Kaji Tatsuru , Matsuura Toshiharu , Morii Mayako , Fagbemi Andrew , Hill Susan , Pakarinen Mikko P. , Protheroe Susan , Urs Arun , Chen Szu-Ta , Sakui Sho , Udagawa Eri , Wada Motoshi 
Published: June 2023

Objectives:
Our objective was to evaluate the short- and long-term safety and efficacy of teduglutide treatment in infants and children with short bowel syndrome with intestinal failure (SBS-IF).

Methods:
Two open-label phase 3 studies and 1 extension study investigated the short- and long-term safety and efficacy of teduglutide (0.05 mg/kg/day) in infants and children with SBS-IF: NCT03571516, 24-week study of infants who were randomized to receive teduglutide or standard of care (SoC); NCT02980666, 24-week study of infants and children who all received teduglutide; and NCT03268811, 24-week extension study of patients who completed NCT02980666 (patients could receive up to 48 weeks of total treatment).

Results:
Twelve infants and 8 children enrolled in the core studies, and 2 infants and 7 children in the extension study. After 24 weeks of treatment, parenteral support (PS) requirements reduced by ≥20% from baseline for 4 infants (57.1%) and 4 children (66.7%) receiving teduglutide and for 2 infants receiving SoC (50.0%). One infant (50.0%) and 4 children (80.0%) receiving teduglutide maintained the ≥20% reduction in PS at 48 weeks of treatment. Two children receiving teduglutide achieved enteral autonomy, after 12 weeks and 28 weeks of treatment, respectively. All adverse events (AEs) were in line with known impacts of SBS-IF and adverse reactions to teduglutide. Only one serious AE (abdominal pain) was considered related to teduglutide.

Conclusions:
Short- and long-term treatment with teduglutide resulted in clinically meaningful reductions in PS requirements for infants and children with SBS-IF. Teduglutide was well tolerated, and efficacy improved with longer-term treatment.
Variation in the Guidelines for the Acute Management of Anaphylaxis in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Athanasopoulou Sofia Grigoria , Leeds Stephanie , Auerbach Marc 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
Evidence-based guidelines have been created and disseminated by multiple organizations to standardize the care of pediatric patients with anaphylaxis. Differences across these guidelines can cause confusion and potentially errors in clinical practice leading to patient harm. The aim of this study was to describe and identify patterns of variation in the current guidelines.

Methods
A narrative review with 3 major components was designed. First, a narrative review of current, peer-reviewed, guidelines published by national and international allergy and immunology, pediatric, and emergency medicine organizations was performed. That was followed by a gray literature review of guidelines by resuscitation councils and national health organizations. The third component focused on the translation of these guidelines at local and institutional levels by reviewing clinical pathways published by academic institutions.

Results
With regard to the fixed epinephrine autoinjector dosing, 50% (6 of 12) of the reviewed guidelines offered weight-based and 41.7% (5 of 12) age-based dosing recommendations. Furthermore, different weight cutoffs for the 0.15- and 0.3-mg autoinjectors were identified among guidelines. Variation was identified in the description of intramuscular epinephrine concentration (“1:1000,” “1 mg/mL,” or both), the recommended concentration for intravenous administration (“1:10,000” or “1:1000”), or the rate of infusion or titration. Eight of the 12 guidelines (66.7%) recommend a dose in milligrams, and 33.3% (4 of 12) in micrograms. Five of 12 (41.7%) used both milliliters and milligrams or micrograms.

Conclusions
Notable variation in the current guidelines for the acute management of anaphylaxis in the pediatric population was identified. Flagging this variability could help inform a consensus-based approach toward harmonization of guidelines, which in turn could streamline the management of anaphylaxis in pediatric patients across the United States, Canada, Ireland, the United Kingdom, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, and hopefully prevent errors and mitigate patient harm.
Virtual Human–Delivered Interviews for Patients With Chronic Pain: Feasibility, Acceptability, and a Pilot Randomized Trial of Standard Medical, Psychosocial, and Educational Interviews
Authors: Junghaenel Doerte U. , Schneider Stefan , Lucas Gale , Boberg Jill , Weinstein Faye M. , Richeimer Steven H. , Stone Arthur A. , Lumley Mark A. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
Seminal advances in virtual human (VH) technology have introduced highly interactive, computer-animated VH interviewers. Their utility for aiding in chronic pain care is unknown. We developed three interactive telehealth VH interviews—a standard pain-focused, a psychosocial risk factor, and a pain psychology and neuroscience educational interview. We then conducted a preliminary investigation of their feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy. We also experimentally compared a human and a computer-generated VH voice.

Methods
Patients (N = 94, age = 22–78 years) with chronic musculoskeletal pain were randomly assigned to the standard (n = 31), psychosocial (n = 34), or educational (n = 29) VH interview and one of the two VH voices. Acceptability ratings included patient satisfaction and expectations/evaluations of the VH interview. Outcomes assessed at baseline and about 1-month postinterview were pain intensity, interference, emotional distress, pain catastrophizing, and readiness for pain self-management. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test between- and within-condition effects.

Results
Acceptability ratings showed that satisfaction with the VH and telehealth format was generally high, with no condition differences. Study attrition was low (n = 5). Intent-to-treat-analyses showed that, compared with the standard interview, the psychosocial interview yielded a significantly greater reduction in pain interference (p = .049, d = 0.43) and a marginally greater reduction in pain intensity (p = .054, d = 0.36), whereas the educational interview led to a marginally greater yet nonsignificant increase in readiness for change (p = .095, d = 0.24), as well as several significant improvements within-condition. Results did not differ by VH voice.

Conclusions
Interactive VH interviewers hold promise for improving chronic pain care, including probing for psychosocial risk factors and providing pain-related education.
An Overview on Research in a University Hospital, Using a Payback Framework Categorization Approach
Authors: Medellin-Lacedelli Stefania , Castro-Martinez Elvira , Martinez-Hernandez Fernando , Romero-Valdovinos Mirza , Suarez-Roa Lourdes , Maravilla Pablo , Prado-Calleros Hector , Flisser Ana , Sierra-Martinez Octavio 
Published: June 2023

Background and Objective:
Little information is available on how to assess the impact of research studies conducted in government hospitals in Latin America and specifically in Mexico. We aimed to determine the returns on investment of the research projects that were carried out in the Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez” (HGMGG), a general university hospital located in Mexico City, using a categorization model.

Methods:
We conducted a study including bibliometric analyses of publications associated with all research studies performed during the period 2016-2019 in the HGMGG and investigator interviews, according to the payback framework categorization model.

Results:
All studies analyzed had a positive impact based on outcomes in 5 “payback categories”: (1) knowledge; (2) research targeting, capacity building, and absorption; (3) policy and product development; (4) health benefits; and (5) broader economic benefits.

Conclusions:
To date, it has not been possible to establish a set of indicators that show the results of the investigations carried out by medical specialists in training, who carry out the bulk of medical care in general hospitals and in the National Institutes of Health in Mexico. We identified, in the 5 categories of the payback framework model, different areas of opportunity to improve the benefits of the hospital's medical services through the development of scientific research projects.
A Descriptive Study of a Clinical Pharmacist’s Role in the Outpatient Pulmonary Hypertension Clinic in the United States (CliPR-PH)
Authors: Funtanilla Vienica , Lee Dylan , Kim Eric , Zhou Crystal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease affecting the heart and lungs. Median survival was 2.8 years historically, but prognosis improved with the advances of PAH therapy. It is currently not standard of care for clinical pharmacists to be a part of the interdisciplinary care team in outpatient PH clinics to help manage patients’ drug regimens, and there is limited literature that has explored the impact of clinical pharmacists on patient-related processes and outcomes. The goal of the CliPR-PH study is to characterize the activities of the clinical pharmacist as a member of the interdisciplinary team.METHODSCliPR-PH was a retrospective, descriptive, single-center cohort study of patients ≥ 18 years, diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension, and managed by a clinical pharmacist practicing under a collaborative practice agreement between January 1, 2018 and July 31, 2020. Patients were excluded from the study if they were not on any PAH medications at the time of pharmacist encounter.RESULTSSixty patients were included in the analysis and 331 clinical pharmacist interventions were documented over the study period. Interventions were regarding selexipag [88 (26.6%)], sildenafil [74 (22.4%)], tadalafil [46 (13.9%)], prior authorization (PA) completions [127 (38.4%), PA troubleshooting [43 (13.0%)], and ‘Other’ [49 (14.8%)].CONCLUSIONClinical pharmacists can play an important role in closely monitoring patients during the medication titration phase and ensure prior authorizations are approved in a timely manner as part of the interdisciplinary team in the outpatient PH clinic setting using a collaborative practice model approach.Clinical PerspectiveWhat is new?There are currently no studies in the United States that asses a clinical pharmacist’s role on the interdisciplinary team as part of a collaborative practice agreement in the outpatient pulmonary hypertension (PH) clinic.What are the clinical implications?Integrating a clinical pharmacist on the medical team in an outpatient PH clinic setting allows them to closely monitor patients who are titrating selexipag, manage adverse events (AEs) that occur during the titration phase, and ensure medications requiring prior authorizations are approved in a timely manner.
Cilia loss on distinct neuron populations differentially alters cocaine-induced locomotion and reward
Authors: Everett Thomas , Ten Eyck Tyler W. , Wu Chang-Hung , Shelowitz Amanda L. , Stansbury Sofia M. , Firek Ally , Setlow Barry , McIntyre Jeremy C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeuronal primary cilia are being recognized for their role in mediating signaling associated with a variety of neurobehaviors, including responses to drugs of abuse. Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles that project from the surface of nearly all mammalian cells, including neurons. They function as signaling hubs and are enriched with a diverse array of GPCRs, including several known to be associated with motivation and drug-related behaviors; however, our understanding of how cilia regulate neuronal function and behavior is still limited. The objective of the current study was to investigate the contributions of primary cilia on specific neuronal populations to behavioral responses to cocaine. To test the consequences of cilia loss on cocaine-induced locomotion and reward-related behavior, we selectively ablated cilia from dopaminergic or GAD2-GABAergic neurons in male and female mice. Cilia ablation on either population of neurons failed to significantly alter acute locomotor responses to cocaine at a range of doses. With repeated administration, mice lacking cilia on GAD2-GABAergic neurons exhibited greater locomotor sensitization to cocaine compared to wild-type littermates, whereas mice lacking cilia on dopaminergic neurons exhibited reduced locomotor sensitization to cocaine at 10 & 30mg/kg. Mice lacking cilia on GAD2-GABAergic neurons showed no difference in cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP), whereas mice lacking cilia on dopaminergic neurons exhibited reduced CPP compared to wild-type littermates. Combined with previous findings using amphetamine, our results show that behavioral effects of cilia ablation are cell-and drug type-specific, and that neuronal cilia contribute to modulation of both the locomotor-inducing and rewarding properties of cocaine.
The effect of circulation rate on the water quality of container-type recirculation aquaculture system under different feeding rates ofSchizothorax wangchiachii
Authors: Zhou Junming , Cai Qinglin , Zhou Kelei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs an experimental fish, juvenileSchizothorax wangchiachiiwere fed different dosages (100, 300, or 500 g), and the changes in water quality in the inlet and outlet of the biofilter and in the aquaculture buckets were measured under different circulation rates (1.5, 3, or 4.5 m3/h; water samples were collected every 2 hours). With 100 g of feed and different circulation rates (1.5, 3, or 4.5 m3/h), the average removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and nitroso nitrogen by the biofilter were 40.4, 36.8, and 27.7% and 43.9, 36.9, and 29.8%, respectively. With 300 g of feed, the average removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and nitroso nitrogen were 42.3, 37.9, and 33.6% and 45.8, 32.7, and 21.7%, respectively. With 500 g of feed, the average removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and nitroso nitrogen by biofilters with different circulation rates were 53.5, 42.6, and 35.7% and 40.3, 26.5, and 18.1%, respectively. Therefore, when the feeding amounts were 100, 300, and 500 g, respectively, the optimal circulation rates were 1.5, 1.5, or 4.5 m3/h, which allowed the best management and reduction in energy consumption of the circulating aquaculture system. This research conclusion provides a reliable scientific reference for the promotion of a low-cost new model of industrial circular water aquaculture.
rphylopic: An R package for fetching, transforming, and visualising PhyloPic silhouettes
Authors: Gearty William , Jones Lewis A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractData visualisation is vital for data exploration, analysis, and communication in research. Moreover, it can bridge gaps between researchers and the general public by making research findings more accessible and engaging. Today, researchers increasingly conduct their data analyses in programming languages such as R and Python. The availability of data visualisation tools within these environments supports the generation of reproducible data analyses and visualisation workflows. However, resources from external databases are frequently required for data visualisation necessitating integration between these databases and the platforms in which researchers conduct their analyses.Here, we introduce rphylopic, an R package for fetching, transforming, and visualising silhouettes of organisms from the PhyloPic database. In addition to making over 7,000 organism silhouettes available within the R programming language, rphylopic empowers users to modify the appearance of these silhouettes for ultimate customisability when coding production-quality visualisations in both base R and ggplot2 workflows.In this work, we provide details about how the package can be installed, its implementation, and potential use cases. For the latter, we showcase three examples across the ecology and evolutionary biology spectrum.Our hope is that rphylopic will make it easier for biologists to develop more accessible and engaging data visualisations by making external resources readily accessible, customisable, and usable within R. In turn, by integrating into existing workflows, rphylopic helps to ensure that science is reproducible and accessible.
Deletion of a conserved genomic region associated with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis leads to vertebral rotation in mice
Authors: McCallum-Loudeac Jeremy , Moody Edward , Johnstone Georgia , Sircombe Kathy , Clarkson Andrew N. , Wilson Megan J. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTAdolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common form of scoliosis, in which spinal curvature develops in adolescence, and 90% of patients are female. Scoliosis is a debilitating disease that often requires bracing or surgery in severe cases. AIS affects 2-5.2 percent of the population; however, the biological origin of the disease remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to determine the function of a highly conserved genomic region previously linked to AIS using a mouse model generated by CRISPR-CAS9 gene editing to knockout this area of the genome to better understand the biological cause of AIS, which we named AIS_CRMΛ.We also investigated the upstream factors that regulate the activity of this enhancerin vivo, whether the spatial expression of the LBX1 protein would change with the loss of AIS-CRM function, and whether any phenotype would arise after deletion of this region. We found a significant increase in mRNA expression in the developing neural tube at E10.5, and E12.5, for not onlyLbx1but also other neighboring genes. Adult knockout mice showed vertebral rotation and proprioceptive deficits, also observed in human AIS patients. In conclusion, our study sheds light on the elusive biological origins of AIS, by targeting and investigating a highly conserved genomic region linked to AIS in humans. These findings provide valuable insights into the function of the investigated region and contribute to our understanding of the underlying causes of this debilitating disease.