bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anterolaterale Rotationsinstabilität
Authors: Willinger Lukas , Athwal Kiron K , Holthof Sander , Imhoff Andreas B. , Williams Andy , Amis Andrew A 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Verletzungen des vorderen Kreuzbands (VKB), der Kaplan-Fasern (KF), der anterolateralen Kapsel/des anterolateralen Ligaments (C/ALL) und der posterioren Wurzel des lateralen Meniskus (LMPR) wurden getrennt voneinander mit anterolateraler Instabilität assoziiert. Ziel war es, die Bedeutung dieser Strukturen für die Kniestabilität zu untersuchen.

Methoden
Zehn fresh-frozen humane Kniekadaver wurden robotergestützt von 0° bis 90° Flexion getestet. Eine anterior-posteriore Kraft von 88 N, ein Innen-Außen-Rotationsdrehmoment von 5 N/m und ein Valgus-Varus-Drehmoment von 8 N/m wurden aufgebracht und die Kinematik des intakten Knies aufgezeichnet. Weitere 10 Kniegelenke wurden in einem Kinematikprüfstand mit optischem Tracking getestet, um die Knielaxität nach sequenziellem Durchtrennen der o. g. Strukturen über 0° bis 110° Flexion zu messen.

Ergebnisse
Das VKB war der primäre Hemmer für die anteriore tibiale Translation (ATT); andere Strukturen waren unbedeutend (< 10 %). Die KF und C/ALL hemmten die Innenrotation (IR) und erreichten 44 % ± 23 % (p < 0,01) und 14 % ± 13 % (p < 0,05) bei 90°. Die LMPR hemmte die Valgus-, aber nicht die Innenrotation. Die ATT erhöhte sich bei VKB-Insuffizienz (p < 0,001) und nach der Durchtrennung der lateralen Strukturen von 70° auf 100° (p < 0,05). Die anterolaterale Rotationsinstabilität beim Pivot-Shift-Manöver wurde nach VKB-Durchtrennung von 0° auf 40° (p < 0,05) und weiter nach Durchtrennung der lateralen Strukturen von 0° auf 100° (p < 0,01) erhöht.

Schlussfolgerung
Der anterolaterale Komplex fungiert als funktionelle Einheit und sorgt für Rotationsstabilität. Das VKB ist der primäre Stabilisator für die ATT. Die KF sind der wichtigste Hemmer der IR ab 30° Flexion. Eine kombinierte Verletzung der KF mitsamt der C/ALL erhöhte die anterolaterale Rotationsinstabilität beträchtlich, während eine isolierte Verletzung der KF oder C/ALL dies nicht tat. Eine LMPR-Insuffizienz verursachte keine signifikante Instabilität bei intaktem VKB.
Kernel-based time-varying IV estimation: handle with care
Authors: Lucchetti Riccardo , Valentini Francesco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGiraitis et al. (J Econom 224(2):394–415, 2021) proposed a kernel-based time-varying coefficients IV estimator. By using entirely different code, we broadly replicate the simulation results and the empirical application on the Phillips curve, but we note that a possible oversight might have affected some of the reported results. Further, we extend the results by using a different sample and a wider choice of smoothing kernels, including data-based ones; we find that the estimator is remarkably robust across a wide range of smoothing choices, but the effect of outliers may be less obvious than expected.
How to combine CTA, 99mTc-WBC SPECT/CT, and [18F]FDG PET/CT in patients with suspected abdominal vascular endograft infections?
Authors: Lauri Chiara , Campagna Giuseppe , Aloisi Francesco , Posa Alessandro , Iezzi Roberto , Sirignano Pasqualino , Taurino Maurizio , Signore Alberto 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed at comparing 99mTc-HMPAO white blood cells (99mTc-WBC) scintigraphy, 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and CT angiography (CTA) in patients with suspected abdominal vascular graft or endograft infection (VGEI). Moreover, we attempted to define a new visual score for interpreting [18F]FDG PET/CT scans aiming at increasing its specificity.

Methods
We prospectively compared 99mTc-WBC SPECT/CT, [18F]FDG PET/CT, and CTA in 26 patients with suspected abdominal VGEI. WBC scans were performed and interpreted according to EANM recommendations. [18F]FDG PET/CT studies were assessed with both qualitative (Sah’s scale and new visual score) and semi-quantitative analyses. CTA images were interpreted according to MAGIC criteria. Microbiology, histopathology or a clinical follow-up of at least 24 months were used to achieve final diagnosis.

Results
Eleven out of 26 patients were infected. [18F]FDG PET/CT showed 100% sensitivity and NPV, with both scoring systems, thus representing an efficient tool to rule out the infection. The use of a more detailed scoring system provided statistically higher specificity compared to the previous Sah’s scale (p = 0.049). 99mTc-WBC SPECT/CT provided statistically higher specificity and PPV than [18F]FDG PET/CT, regardless the interpretation criteria used and it can be, therefore, used in early post-surgical phases or to confirm or rule out a PET/CT finding.

Conclusions
After CTA, patients with suspected late VGEI should perform a [18F]FDG PET/CT given its high sensitivity and NPV. However, given its lower specificity, positive results should be confirmed with 99mTc-WBC scintigraphy. The use of a more detailed scoring system reduces the number of 99mTc-WBC scans needed after [18F]FDG PET/CT. Nevertheless, in suspected infections within 4 months from surgery, 99mTc-WBC SPECT/CT should be performed as second exam, due to its high accuracy in differentiating sterile inflammation from infection.
A case report of typhlitis during novel use of ropidoxuridine–capecitabine–radiotherapy for treatment-naïve rectal cancer
Authors: Kunos Charles A. , Piekarz Richard , Collins Jerry M. , Kinsella Timothy J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Rectal carcinomas are tumors that arise from the last 12 cm of the large intestine closest to the anus. They generally have a modest prognosis exacerbated by a high local recurrence rate if radiosensitizing chemotherapy is not given during radiotherapy. This case report discusses the clinical trial treatment of a patient with rectal adenocarcinoma by a new ropidoxuridine–capecitabine–radiotherapy combination. This case report is novel due to the patient’s participation in an accelerated titration phase I clinical trial and the resultant rare adverse event of treatment-related sigmoid typhlitis.

Case presentation
The patient was an 82-year-old female who noticed hematochezia and change in stool caliber over a period of 3 months. A rectal mass was identified by biopsy as a microsatellite stable adenocarcinoma. A planned total neoadjuvant treatment involved eight cycles of leucovorin calcium (folinic acid)–fluorouracil–oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) chemotherapy, followed by a clinical trial combination of ropidoxuridine–capecitabine–radiotherapy, prior to definitive surgery. The patient began daily intensity modulated pelvic radiotherapy with concurrent twice-daily oral ropidoxuridine and twice-daily oral capecitabine to be given over 6 weeks. After 14 days of ropidoxuridine–capecitabine–radiotherapy, the patient developed sigmoid typhlitis requiring a 10-day hospitalization and 14-day disruption of treatment. The patient died 27 days after the start of ropidoxuridine–capecitabine–radiotherapy. This adverse event was listed as a definite attribution to the ropidoxuridine–capecitabine treatment; pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data showed low ropidoxuridine metabolite DNA incorporation and high capecitabine metabolite concentration. The accelerated titration phase I clinical trial has been subsequently closed to accrual (NCT04406857).

Conclusions
We believe this case report demonstrates the decision-making process for terminating a phase I accelerated titration designed clinical trial. The report also presents the rare complication of sigmoid typhlitis as a treatment-attributed adverse event. In this case, a ropidoxuridine–capecitabine combination was used as an investigational radiosensitizing treatment now with a narrower future clinical development pathway.
Phytolith assemblages reflect variability in human land use and the modern environment
Authors: Witteveen Nina H. , White Cheryl , Sanchez Martinez Barbara A. , Booij Roemer , Philip Annemarie , Gosling William D. , Bush Mark B. , McMichael Crystal N. H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhytoliths preserved in soils and sediments can be used to provide unique insights into past vegetation dynamics in response to human and climate change. Phytoliths can reconstruct local vegetation in terrestrial soils where pollen grains typically decay, providing a range of markers (or lack thereof) that document past human activities. The ca. 6 million km2of Amazonian forests have relatively few baseline datasets documenting changes in phytolith representation across gradients of human disturbances. Here we show that phytolith assemblages vary on local scales across a gradient of (modern) human disturbance in tropical rainforests of Suriname. Detrended correspondence analysis showed that the phytolith assemblages found in managed landscapes (shifting cultivation and a garden), unmanaged forests, and abandoned reforesting sites were clearly distinguishable from intact forests and from each other. Our results highlight the sensitivity and potential of phytoliths to be used in reconstructing successional trajectories after site usage and abandonment. Percentages of specific phytolith morphotypes were also positively correlated with local palm abundances derived from UAV data, and with biomass estimated from MODIS satellite imagery. This baseline dataset provides an index of likely changes that can be observed at other sites that indicate past human activities and long-term forest recovery in Amazonia.
Spot size dependence of the ablation threshold of BK7 optical glass processed by single femtosecond pulses
Authors: Andrásik A. , Budai J. , Szörényi T. , Vass Cs. , Flender R. , Hopp B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA comparative study of the evolution of the diameter and depth of the ablated craters, while varying systematically both pulse energy and spot size is reported. It reveals that the surface ablation threshold fluences double-checked by the diameter-regression method and a multiphoton-absorption-based fit show a clear dependence on the radius of the processing laser beam on the BK7 optical glass surface. Tighter focusing results in a rise from 6.5 J/cm2 up to nearly 11 J/cm2 within the 26.1–10.1 µm radius domain. The evolution of the time-integrated energy of the reflected part of every single pulse with rising pulse energy indicates three types of the optical response of the material, depending on the actual energy of the processing pulse. At the threshold where the first and second section join, which shifts to lower pulse energies with decreasing spot size, the initial reflectivity, assigned to the permanent reflectivity of the BK7 glass, suddenly increases. This rise indicates plasma mirror formation on the target surface. The dependence of the reflectivity enhancement and the ablation thresholds on spot size is very similar. The values remain equal for spot radii at and above 13.5 µm, followed by a rise with decreasing spot size. This reveals that the plasma mirror formation could be affirmed as the dominant process behind the spot size dependence of the ablation thresholds in our case. The appearance of double-crater structures is consistent with the evolution of air ionization, resulting in lower reflectivity at the highest energies. This assignment is further corroborated by proving that the surface defect model could hardly be accounted for the results. The findings support the consideration of the spot size as a control parameter.
Ollivier Curvature of Random Geometric Graphs Converges to Ricci Curvature of Their Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: Hoorn Pim van der , Lippner Gabor , Trugenberger Carlo , Krioukov Dmitri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurvature is a fundamental geometric characteristic of smooth spaces. In recent years different notions of curvature have been developed for combinatorial discrete objects such as graphs. However, the connections between such discrete notions of curvature and their smooth counterparts remain lurking and moot. In particular, it is not rigorously known if any notion of graph curvature converges to any traditional notion of curvature of smooth space. Here we prove that in proper settings the Ollivier–Ricci curvature of random geometric graphs in Riemannian manifolds converges to the Ricci curvature of the manifold. This is the first rigorous result linking curvature of random graphs to curvature of smooth spaces. Our results hold for different notions of graph distances, including the rescaled shortest path distance, and for different graph densities. Here the scaling of the average degree, as a function of the graph size, can range from nearly logarithmic to nearly linear.
Analysis of daily rainfall concentration in northeastern Algeria 1980–2012
Authors: Azioune Rokia , Benhamrouche Aziz , Tatar Hafiza , Martin-Vide Javier , Pham Quoc Bao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis ar ticle analyzes the spatial distribution of the values of six daily precipitation concentration indexes in the northeastern part of Algeria. The used indexes were the concentration index (CI) and the Gini index (GI) with the resolution of precipitation amounts 1, 5, and 10 mm. The values of the six indexes are calculated for the period 1980–2012 with 22 stations, and on the other hand, the correlations of the CI1 concentration index with geographical and rainfall variables are analyzed. The values of CI1, CI5, and CI10 and IG1, IG5, and IG10 have been mapped using the tools of the ArcGis10.02 programs. The CI1 concentration index correlates significantly with all the geographic and rainfall variables considered. A negative linear correlation was observed with a linear correlation coefficientr =  − 0.67 (pvalue = 0.0006) between CI1 and altitude. The correlation between CI1 and the distance to sea with a linear correlation coefficientr =  − 0.47 (pvalue = 0.026), the correlation between CI1 and latitude is positive withr =  + 0.40 (pvalue = 0.032). On the other hand, CI1 is significantly positively correlated with average annual precipitation, the coefficient of variation, and the number of rainy days in the same period:r = 0.52 (pvalue = 0.023);r =  − 0.25 (pvalue = 0.049) andr = 0.49 (pvalue = 0.022), respectively.
Trends in smoking during pregnancy stratified by the use of opioid agonist therapy and the contribution of smoking to poor outcome in neonates prenatally exposed to opioid agonist treatment
Authors: Kelty Erin , Havard Alys , Preen David B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh rates of cigarette smoking have been observed in pregnant women on opioid agonist therapy (OAT). However, it is unclear if these rates have changed overtime in line with the general population and the degree to which smoking contributes to poor outcomes in neonates born to women on OAT. Women who gave birth in Western Australia (WA) between 2003 and 2018 were identified from whole-population midwives records. Linked records were used to identify women who had been dispensed OAT during pregnancy and those who had smoking during pregnancy. Temporal changes in smoking during pregnancy were examined for women on OAT (n = 1059) and women not on OAT (n = 397,175) using Joinpoint regression. In women treated with OAT during pregnancy, neonatal outcomes were compared between smoking and non-smoking women using generalised linear models. During the study period, 76.3% of women on OAT smoked during pregnancy compared with 12.0% of the general population. There was a decrease in the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy among women not on OAT (APC: − 5.7, 95%CI: − 6.3, − 5.2), but not in women on OAT (APC: 0.8, 95%CI: − 0.4, 2.1). For women receiving OAT, smoking was associated with an increased odds of low birth weight (OR: 1.57, 95%CI: 1.06, 2.32) and neonatal abstinence syndrome (OR: 1.34, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.78) compared with non-smoking. Despite reductions in the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy in the general population, similar reductions have not occurred in pregnant women on OAT. The high prevalence of smoking in pregnant women on OAT is contributing to poor neonatal outcomes.
Occurrence and localization of FOXP3 + cells in kidney biopsies in lupus nephritis and ANCA-associated vasculitis
Authors: Zickert Agneta , Janković Marija Ratković , Malmström Vivianne , Chemin Karine , Gunnarsson Iva 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe
study aims to increase the understanding regarding the role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in lupus nephritis (LN) and ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) by comparing their localization in renal tissue and changes following immunosuppressive therapy. Kidney biopsies from 12 patients with LN and 7 patients with AAV were examined. Kidney biopsies had been performed both at active disease and following immunosuppressive treatment. Clinical data was collected at both biopsy occasions. Expression of Forkhead Box P 3 (Foxp3) in renal tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry. An arbitrary scale was used to estimate the number of Foxp3+ cells. In LN, 8/12 (67%) had positive tissue staining for Foxp3 at baseline, most pronounced in inflammatory infiltrates, but also interstitially and in a peri-glomerular pattern. At second biopsies, after immunosuppressive treatment, 4/12 (33%) still had detectable Foxp3+ cells, found in persisting inflammatory infiltrates and some in the interstitium. Patients with a good clinical response to treatment had high grade of Foxp3+ cells in first biopsies. In AAV, only 2/7 (29%) had positive staining for Foxp3 at baseline, in inflammatory infiltrates and to a lesser extent in the interstitium, despite large areas of inflammatory infiltrates in all patients. At follow-up, 2/7 (29%) biopsies were positive for Foxp3. Our data show a higher presence of Foxp3+ cells in renal tissue from LN patients compared to AAV, suggesting that Tregs may be differently involved in the control of inflammatory mechanisms in these diseases. These findings could have further implication for therapeutic approaches aiming at restoring the immunological tolerance.

Key Points• Foxp3+-cells are present in larger amount in renal tissue in lupus nephritis vs. ANCA-associated vasculitis.• Our data suggest that Foxp3+ regulatory T cells are involved in the control of inflammatory processes in lupus nephritis.
New insights for gynecological cancer therapies: from molecular mechanisms and clinical evidence to future directions
Authors: Zhang Chunxue , Sheng Yaru , Sun Xiao , Wang Yudong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdvanced and recurrent gynecological cancers lack effective treatment and have poor prognosis. Besides, there is urgent need for conservative treatment for fertility protection of young patients. Therefore, continued efforts are needed to further define underlying therapeutic targets and explore novel targeted strategies. Considerable advancements have been made with new insights into molecular mechanisms on cancer progression and breakthroughs in novel treatment strategies. Herein, we review the research that holds unique novelty and potential translational power to alter the current landscape of gynecological cancers and improve effective treatments. We outline the advent of promising therapies with their targeted biomolecules, including hormone receptor-targeted agents, inhibitors targeting epigenetic regulators, antiangiogenic agents, inhibitors of abnormal signaling pathways, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, agents targeting immune-suppressive regulators, and repurposed existing drugs. We particularly highlight clinical evidence and trace the ongoing clinical trials to investigate the translational value. Taken together, we conduct a thorough review on emerging agents for gynecological cancer treatment and further discuss their potential challenges and future opportunities.
Structural and molecular changes in the rat myocardium following perfluoroctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure are mitigated by quercetin via modulating HSP 70 and SERCA 2
Authors: Mandour Dalia A. , Morsy Manal M. , Fawzy Amal , Mohamed Noura Mostafa , Ahmad Marwa M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPerfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a man-made fluorinated compound employed in a variety of industrial and civilian applications. Due to its long elimination half-life and promotion of oxidative stress and inflammation, it is one of the most abundant organic contaminants. The present study was designed to determine the cytotoxic effect of PFOS on adult male rat cardiac tissue and to assess the cardioprotective role of the flavonoid quercetin (Que), which possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. Twenty-four adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: Group I (Control). Group II (Que) received Que (75 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks) by oral gavage. Group III (PFOS group): supplemented orally with PFOS (20 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks) and Group IV (PF OS/Que). The rat heart was processed for histological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression studies. The PFOS group showed histological alterations in the myocardium that were partially reversed by the administration of Que. The inflammatory biomarkers (TNF, IL-6, and IL-1), lipid profile, TSH, MDA, and serum cardiac enzymes (LDH and CK-MB) were all altered. These findings collectively suggest that PFOS had adverse effects on the cardiac muscle structure, and these effects were alleviated by quercetin, which is a promising cardioprotective flavonoid.
Transvenous lead extraction of lumenless 3830 pacing lead in conduction system pacing: a single-center experience
Authors: Migliore Federico , Pittorru Raimondo , De Lazzari Manuel , Tarzia Vincenzo , Pastore Gianni , Marcantoni Lina , Catanzariti Domenico , Gerosa Gino , Zanon Francesco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The Medtronic SelectSecure Model 3830 lumenless lead (Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN) is commonly used for conduction system pacing (CSP). However, with this increased use, the potential need for transvenous lead extraction (TLE) also will increase. While extraction of endocardial 3830 leads is rather well described especially in pediatric and adult congenital heart disease population, there is very limited data on extraction of CSP leads. In the present study, we reported our preliminary experience on TLE of CSP leads and provided technical considerations.

Methods
The study population comprised 6 consecutive patients (67% male; mean age 70 ± 22 years) with CSP leads (3830 leads), including left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) lead (n = 3) and His pacing lead (n = 3) undergoing TLE. Overall target leads were 17. The mean implant duration time of CSP leads was 97 ± 90 months [range 8–193).

Results
Manual traction was successful in 2 cases and mechanical extraction tools were required in the remaining cases. Sixteen leads (94%) were completely extracted, whereas incomplete removal was observed in one lead (6%) among 1 patient. Of note, in the only lead incompletely removed, we observed retention of < 1-cm remnant of lead material consisting of the screw of 3830 LBBP lead into the interventricular septum. No failure of lead extraction was reported and no major complications occurred.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrated that at an experienced center the success of TLE of chronically implanted CSP leads is high in the absence of major complications also when mechanical extraction tools are needed.