bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulating the Electron Transport Mechanism and Increasing Magnetoresistance: The Role of CuO Filler in La0.7Sr0.2Ca0.1MnO3 Grain Boundary
Authors: Zulkarnain Zulkarnain , Imaduddin Agung , Munazat Dicky Rezky , Razaq Dhawud Sabilur , Kurniawan Budhy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Magnetoresistance in perovskite materials has been extensively studied due to their great potential in spintronics technology. Perovskite samples composite with metal oxides can modify electrical properties, which can subsequently improve LFMR under low magnetic fields. In this study, we investigate changes in electrical properties at different temperatures of polycrystalline (1-x)La0.7Sr0.2Ca0.1MnO3/xCuO (LC) composites, where x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20. Polycrystalline La0.7Sr0.2Ca0.1MnO3 (LSCMO) was synthesized using the sol-gel method and CuO powder as a filler was mixed with LSCMO using wet. The LC composite was then oven-dried to remove moisture, compacted at 10 MPa, and sintered at 1200°C for 12 hours. All samples in the LSCMO phase have a rhombohedral structure with space group R3c. The crystal structure parameters were studied using Rietveld refinement through GSAS II software. SEM results show that CuO is in the LSCMO grain boundary and confirmed by EDS. As the CuO composition increased, the magnetization decreased, as observed by VSM at room temperature. The electrical transport properties of pure LSCMO and LC composites were studied from 5 to 300 K characterized by a cryogenic magnetometer. LC resistivity is higher than LSCMO, and the more CuO content, the smaller the metal transition temperature. CuO present at the grain boundary can decrease the resistivity value as compared to LSCMO. Additionally, the CuO layer weakens spin polarized tunneling intergrain, ultimately impacting the magnetoresistance value. The highest magnetoresistance value is for the LC15 composite at a temperature of 5K with an external field of 2T at 28.5%.
Clinical outcome Analysis of immediate morbidity and mortality in patients presenting with obstructed Colorectal cancers.
Authors: Veetil Sreejith Kannummal , Haque Parvez David , Jain Deepak 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
PURPOSE -The study aimed to identify immediate morbidity and mortality among patients presenting with obstructive colorectal cancers. Through this study, we also aim to determine the proportion of patients who have received a complete curative treatment after undergoing the emergency surgery and their key determinant of morbidity and mortality following emergency surgery, identify the histopathological subtype of the colorectal cancer
METHODS-It is a Retrospective clinical analysis comprising a collective of consecutive colorectal cancer cases and analysis of CRC patients who came in obstructive Malignant colorectal cancer from 2013-2021 from a tertiary hospital throughout the past 8 years. The data collection from Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, India, data collection from the MRD (Medical Records Department)- search by keywords- “Rectal cancer” “Colonic cancer” “Intestinal obstruction” “Caecal growth” “Ascending colon /splenic flexure /descending colon cancer/Growth” “Malignant Large Bowel Obstruction”.
RESULTS-140 patient files were screened of which 17 files were screened out due to non-matching of the inclusive criteria, of the 123 cases, patient data were analyzed, and a total of 36 patients matched the criteria of obstructed colon cancer, rest 87 cases were non obstructed colorectal malignancies. A main finding in the present study was that patients who underwent presented with obstructive CRC had significantly higher mortality and complication rates than patients who had non-obstructive symptoms, surgical site complication was the most important morbidity seen in patients who had undergone emergency surgery in the Obstructive group of CRC patients it was 25% and the p-value is 0.024, other complications like Anastomotic leak (2.78%)and Stomal hernia (2.78%) was also seen we found no statistical difference when compared with the non-obstructive CRC patients
CONCLUSIONS-The present study demonstrates that obstructed colon cancer does present with increased morbidity, mortality, and hospital stay. It is therefore essential to consider and choose the most appropriate treatment option relying on preoperative prognostic factors such as age, co-morbidities, duration of symptoms, presentation of the patient, intra-operative findings, and above all the skill of the surgeons. Accurate preoperative evaluation of these prognostic factors might allow us to predict the clinical outcome and provides reliable assistance in surgical decision-making.
CD74 supports Treg accumulation and function in tumors
Authors: Bonnin Elisa , Denizeau Jordan , Maurin Mathieu , Saez Juan Jose , Jouve Mabel , Bonté Pierre-Emmanuel , Richer Wilfrid , Nevo Fabien , Lemoine Sebastien , Girard Nicolas , Lefevre Marine , Borcoman Edith , Vincent-Salomon Anne , Baulande Sylvain , Moreau Hélène , Sedlik Christine , Hivroz Claire , Lennon-Dumenil Ana-Maria , Boari Jimena Tosello , Piaggio Eliane 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are plastic cells playing a pivotal role in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Tregs actively adapt to the microenvironment where they reside; as a consequence, their molecular and functional profiles differ among tissues and pathologies. In tumors, the features acquired by Tregs remains poorly characterized. Here, we observed that human tumor-infiltrating Tregs selectively overexpress CD74, the MHC class II invariant chain. CD74 has been previously described as a regulator of antigen-presenting cell biology, however its function in Tregs remains unknown. CD74 genetic deletion in human primary Tregs revealed that CD74KO Tregs exhibit major defects in the organization of their actin cytoskeleton and intracellular organelles. Additionally, intra-tumoral CD74KO Tregs show a decreased activation, a drop in Foxp3 expression, a low accumulation in the tumor, and consistently, they accelerate the tumor rejection. These observations are unique to tumor conditions as, at steady state, CD74KO-Treg phenotype, survival, and suppressive capacity are unaffected in vitro and in vivo. CD74 therefore emerges as a specific regulator of tumor-infiltrating Tregs and as a novel target to interfere with Treg anti-tumor activity.
Two-dimensional flow over a smooth depression in a channelwith a slip wall
Authors: Ceccacci Silvia , Calabretto Sophie A. W. , Thomas Christian , Denier James P. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The effect of slip along a Gaussian-shaped gap deformity, located about a fixed position on the lower wall of a two-dimensional channel, is numerically investigated. Two gap deformations are modelled, with dimensions sufficient to generate localised pockets of reversed flow when the channel walls are fully no-slip. The Reynolds number of the flow, based on the channel half-width, is 4000 for this investigation. The two gap deformations have the same depth, 𝑑, but different widths, 𝜎, leading to a wide gap with an aspect ratio 𝜂 = 𝑑/𝜎 = 0.4 and a narrow gap with an aspect ratio 𝜂 = 0.8. The wide gap establishes a higher intensity region of separated flow within the deformation than the narrow gap. Surface slip with slip length, 𝜆, is modelled via a Robin-type slip boundary condition. Applying the slip condition to the gap concavity reduces the intensity and thickness of the separation bubble within the deformation. Eventually, slip eliminates flow separation altogether for slip lengths 𝜆 = 0.15 and 𝜆 = 0.1 for the wide and narrow gaps, respectively.
Toxoplasma gondii Adhesion and Apoptosis of Chicken Erythrocytes
Authors: Li Cheng-huan , Zhang Xiao-han , Sang Xiao-yu , El-Ashram Saeed , Ding Ying-ying , Feng Ying , Jiang Tian-tian , Yang Na 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) was thought to infect all nucleated cells in warm-blooded animals, including poultry, mammals, and humans. However, it is unclear whether T. gondii can infect chicken erythrocytes due to the nucleated nature of these cells. Due to the special role of chicken erythrocytes in innate immunity, we investigated the cell-cell interaction between T. gondii and erythrocytes to elucidate the role of chicken erythrocytes in T. gondii infection.
Methods: Cellular apoptosis was analyzed by transwell assay and flow cytometry. An immunofluorescence method was used to examine the reorganization of vimentin during T. gondii infection in both Vero cells and chicken erythrocytes. The reorganization of actin was evaluated to further examine the invasion capacity of tachyzoites on chicken erythrocytes during infection. The transcriptional levels of virulence factors ROP18, ROP16, and MIC3 were calculated using the real-time PCR method to determine whether T. gondii virulence was reduced when co-cultured with chicken erythrocytes.
Results: We discovered that T. gondii can adhere to but not invade chicken erythrocytes and eventually cause apoptosis in chicken erythrocytes. When tachyzoites were co-cultured with chicken erythrocytes in vitro, the transcriptional levels of T. gondii MIC3, ROP16, and ROP18 were significantly decreased. In addition, the rearrangement of host cell vimentin, a type III cytoskeleton protein regulated by T. gondii infection, was not observed. Similarly, the parasite-induced ring-shaped actin structure was not expressed and formed in the host-parasite junction. T. gondii RH tachyzoites preferentially invaded Vero cells and replicated in chicken blood monocytes, but they were not found in chicken erythrocytes. These findings showed that although T. gondii can attach to the surface of chicken erythrocytes, it’s unable to invade successfully, showing an inability to invade. Interestingly, we found that T. gondii secretome, lysates, and intact tachyzoites could cause apoptosis of chicken erythrocytes to varying degrees, which suggested a complex mechanism involved in the apoptosis of chicken erythrocytes induced by T. gondii.
Conclusions: This study elucidated that T. gondii can’t infect nucleated chicken erythrocytes and enriched our understanding of T. gondii's transmission mechanism among avian species.
Visual lateralisation of swans in response to anthropogenic disturbance differs according to observation task, presence of chicks and type of locomotion
Authors: Zaynagutdinova Elmira , Polikarpova Diana , Rozenfeld Sonia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Visual lateralisation is manifested in the dominance of one brain hemisphere in the processing of information from one of the eyes. Most studies manifested that the right hemisphere is responsible for the aggression, fear, and detection of predators and other threats, and the left hemisphere is responsible for the positive emotions, food search, and detection of large changes in the environment. Nevertheless, some independent studies manifested the opposite biases in the same behaviour tasks. To evaluate the value of species, behaviour task, locomotion type and breeding status in visual lateralisation biases we studied the behaviour of swimming and flying Whooper swans and Bewick's swans with and without chicks when observing a source of danger and a partner. We found that in the same conditions, the visual lateralisation bias was identical in two species and it differed depending on the type of locomotion in one species. Birds had a significant bias in the observation of the source of disturbance and hadn't in the observation of the leading partner. The presence of chicks strengthened the manifestation of visual lateralisation in the following birds. Therefore, special attention should be paid to details in comparing the results of studies conducted under different circumstances.
Use of Retrotransposon based iPBS Markers for Determination of Genetic Relationship among Some Chestnut Cultivars (Castanea sativa Mill.) in Turkey
Authors: ORHAN Emine , KARA Didem 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, a total of 19 retrotransposon-based iPBS markers were used to determine the genetic relationship among 11 chestnut cultivars (Castanea sativa Mill.) that are important in Turkey. In the study, chestnut cultivars named Hacıömer, Osmanoğlu, Sarıaşlama, Erfelek, Kemer, Işıklar, Şekerci, Siyah Bursa, Tülü, Bouche De Betizac and Marigoule were preferred. The allele profiles obtained from PCR reactions and capillary electrophoresis system were evaluated. Size ranges of alleles, number of average allele, number of total allele, number of polymorphic alleles, polymorphism rate, mean heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, marker index and discriminating power were determined at a successful level. In addition, UPGMA dendograms were created and principle coordinate analyzes were performed. According to UPGMA dendogram, chestnut cultivars of Hacıömer and Şekerci were determined as the most similar cultivars with a similarity coefficient value of 0.924 and they formed a subgroup together with the chestnut cultivars of Osmanoğlu and Erfelek which showed close similarity with these two cultivars. On the other hand, it was concluded that two chestnut cultivars, Işıklar and Şekerci, which are highly similar to each other by some sources, are very different from each other. Besides, the use of retrotransposon based iPBS markers in chestnuts in Turkey was made for the first time in this study, and it has been proven that the genetic relationship among chestnut cultivars can be determined with high accuracy. It has been determined that these markers will be useful for molecular characterization studies in plant breeding programs.
Relationship between the expression of PSMB2 and proliferation and invasion in glioma
Authors: He Wei , Zhang Zhe , Tan Zilong , Liu Xinxian , Wang Zekun , Xiong Bo , Shen Xiaoli , Zhu Xingen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
There has been an upward trend in the incidence of glioma, with high recurrence and high mortality. The beta subunits of the 20S proteasome are encoded by the proteasome beta (PSMB) genes and may affect the proteasome's function in glioma, assembly and inhibitor binding. This study attempted to reveal the function of the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells, which is affectedby proteasome 20S subunit beta 2 (PSMB2). We subjected the data downloaded from the TCGA database to ROC, survival, and enrichment analyses. PSMB2 expression was verified by quantitative PCR and Western blotting to identify themRNA and protein levels. PSMB2expressionwas higher in glioma tissues, and its expression positively correlated with poor prognosis and high tumor grade.
Comparative analysis of tuberculin and defined antigen skin tests for the detection of bovine tuberculosis in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Kumar Tarun , Jangir Babu Lal , Singh Mahavir , Arora Devan , Bangar Yogesh , Conlan Andrew , Vordermeier Martin , Bakker Douwe , Byregowda S. M. , Sriniva Sreenidhi , Kapur Vivek , Jindal Naresh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a chronic disease that results from infection with any member of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and infected animals are typically diagnosed withtuberculin-based intradermal skin tests per World Organization of Animal Health or similar guidelines. Peptide-based defined skin test (DST) antigens, comprising of ESAT-6, CFP-10 and Rv3615c, are able to differentiate infected from BCG-vaccinated animals and sensitively and specifically identify tuberculin reactor cattle, but their performance in buffaloes remained unknown. To assess the comparative performance of the DST with the tuberculin-based single intradermal test (SIT) and the single intradermal comparative cervical test (SICCT), we screened 543 female buffaloes from 49 organized dairy farms in two districts of Haryana state in India.
Results: The results show that 37 (7%), 4 (1%) and 18 (3%) buffaloes were reactors with the SIT, SICCT and DST, respectively. Of the 37 SIT reactors, four were positive with SICCT and 12 were positive with the DST. The results further show that none of the animals tested positive with all three tests, and 6 DST positive animals were SIT negative. Together, a total of 43 animals were reactors with SIT, DST, or both, and the two assays showed moderate agreement (Cohen'sKappa 0.41; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.59). In contrast, only slight agreement (Cohen’s Kappa 0.18; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.34) was observed between SIT and SICCT. Latent class analyses reveal test specificities of 95% for SIT and 99% each for DST and SICCT, but considerably lower sensitivities of 67%, 39%, and 19% for SIT, DST, and SICCT, respectively, albeit with broad and overlapping credible intervals.
Conclusion: Taken together, our investigation suggests that DST has a test specificity comparable with SICCT, and sensitivity intermediate between SIT and SICCT for the identification of buffaloes suspected of tuberculosis. Our studies also highlight an urgent need for future well-powered trials with detailed necropsy with immunological and microbiological profiling of reactor and non-reactor animals to better define the underlying drivers for the large observed discrepancies in assay performance, particularly between SIT and SICCT.
DPark: Decentralized Smart Private-Parking System using Blockchains
Authors: Brenner Garrett , Baza Mohamed , Rasheed Amar , Lalouani Wassila , Badr Mahmoud , Alshahrani Hani 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Over the past decade, the world has observed a drastic increase in vehicle registrations per year, resulting in a greater number of cars per household, on the road, and looking for a place to park. This has contributed to a growing shortage of locations for operators to park their vehicles as well as a growing number of parking lots and facilities constructed to compensate. Meanwhile, homeowners and landowners leave vacant spaces that could be utilized by the enlarging population of motorists if they weren't on private property. In this paper, we propose a decentralized parking system, DPark, built on top of Blockchain technology. After spot owners register their spots' information on the Blockchain, drivers can explore owner-registered parking spots within their area that fit their needs in regard to availability, price, and location, and then book a desired spot for the price listed by the spot owner. Most importantly, all of these exchanges occur through Blockchain transactions. Blockchain provides transparency, security, and resistance to single-failure attacks. Spot owners are able to make profits from their unused space, drivers are able to find cheap and local parking, and the environment benefits from less construction of ordinary public and private parking solutions. DPark is then implemented on two different Blockchains, namely Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric. Extensive simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of DPark by considering the different transactions sent by drivers/spot owners at scale. Our results indicate that Hyperledger Fabric outperforms Ethereum in terms of latency and throughput, especially when the total number of transactions increases significantly. Hyperledger Fabric has demonstrated scalability up to 20,000 total transactions with high throughput around 150 transactions per second and negligible latency. Ethereum had lower throughput of around 20 transactions per second while also exhibiting linear growth in latency relative to total transactions. Thus, these results highlight the benefit of choosing a permissioned Blockchain instead of a public Blockchain.
Seclusion and mechanical restraint in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic: an increased use in mental health settings
Authors: Goulet Marie-Hélène , Cassivi Christine , Hupé Catherine , Jean-Baptiste Francelyne , Dumais Alexandre 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions have significantly changed the environment and the delivery of direct care in all health services, including psychiatric hospitals. The aim of the study is two-fold: 1) to retrospectively assess the prevalence of seclusion and mechanical restraint in a Quebec mental health hospital over 4 years; and 2) to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their prevalence.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective study based on medical records from a Quebec mental health hospital collected (a) from April 2016 to March 2019), (b) from April 2019, to March 2020 (pre-COVID onset), and (c) from April 2020 to March 2021 (post-COVID onset). Descriptive statistics, chi square tests, Mann-Kendall test and Welch's t-test were performed.
Results: Following several years during which the use of restrictive measures remained stable, we have noted a significant increase within the first year following the COVID-19 pandemic. This increase can be seen in the use of both seclusion and restraints, which have risen 205% and 170% respectively.
Conclusion: There are a multitude of factors associated with the prevalence of seclusion and restraint that have the potential to be triggered during emergencies and global crisis situations, impacting in turn the rights of an already vulnerable population.
Monarch Butterfly (Danaus Plexippus) Conservation in Central Mexico: Survival Analysis in Asclepias Physocarpa Crops
Authors: monroy-vilchis octavio , Bernal-Pichardo Simona F. , Zarco-González Martha M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Habitat loss and pesticide use are the main threats for Danaus plexippus. Valle de Bravo is in Central Mexico, has a population density from two to five million butterflies per km². However, wild milkweed populations have declined and local producers grow Asclepias physocarpa applying pesticides. In this study, monarch butterfly survival was evaluated in A. physocarpa crops with two treatments: with carbamate-type pesticides and without pesticides. In addition, the relationships of population parameters of D. plexippus with environmental parameters and characteristics of the host plant, were analyzed. The use of pesticides reduces the survival of D. plexippus by up to 50%. The most vulnerable stages are larva I and larva III. The environmental temperature of 18° C to 19° C and radiation of 350 lum/ft² to 650 lum/ft² favor the laying of eggs. The monarch butterfly oviposited 80% of its eggs in plants of 100 cm ± 45.35 cm, with hatching success of 80%. Implications for insect conservation: our study suggests conservation policies that encourage the cultivation of native milkweed and eliminate or reduce the pesticide use and divulgate scientific information to local people.