bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wellposedness of NLS in Modulation Spaces
Authors: Klaus Friedrich 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe prove new local and global well-posedness results for the cubic one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation in modulation spaces. Local results are obtained via multilinear interpolation. Global results are proven using conserved quantities based on the complete integrability of the equation, persistence of regularity, and by separating off the time evolution of finitely many Picard iterates.
Palliative appropriateness criteria: external validation of a new method to evaluate the suitability of palliative radiotherapy fractionation
Authors: Nieder Carsten , Haukland Ellinor C. , Mannsåker Bård , Dalhaug Astrid 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Recently, the palliative appropriateness criteria (PAC) score, a novel metric to aid clinical decision-making between different palliative radiotherapy fractionation regimens, has been developed. It includes baseline parameters including but not limited to performance status. The researchers behind the PAC score analyzed the percent of remaining life (PRL) on treatment. The latter was accomplished by calculating the time between start and finish of palliative radiotherapy (minimum 1 day in case of a single-fraction regimen) and dividing it by overall survival in days from start of radiotherapy. The purpose of the present study was to validate this novel metric.

Patients and methods
The retrospective validation study included 219 patients (287 courses of palliative radiotherapy). The methods were identical to those employed in the score development study. The score was calculated by assigning 1 point each to several factors identified in the original study and using the online calculator provided by the PAC developers.

Results
Median survival was 6 months and death within 30 days from start of radiotherapy was recorded in 13% of courses. PRL on treatment ranged from 1 to 23%, median 8%. Significant associations were confirmed between online-calculated PAC score, observed survival, and risk of death within 30 days from the start of radiotherapy. Patients with score 0 had distinctly better survival than all other groups. The score-predicted median risk of death within 30 days from start of radiotherapy was 22% in our cohort. A statistically significant correlation was found between predicted and observed risk (p < 0.001). The original and present study were not perfectly concordant regarding number and type of baseline parameters that should be included when calculating the PAC score.

Conclusion
This study supports the dual strategy of PRL and risk of early death calculation, with results stratified for fractionation regimen, in line with the original PAC score study. When considering multifraction regimens, the PAC score identifies patients who may benefit from shorter courses. Additional work is needed to answer open questions surrounding the underlying components of the score, because the original and validation study were only partially aligned.
Robotik in der plastischen Chirurgie
Authors: Grünherz Lisanne , Gousopoulos Epameinondas , Barbon Carlotta , Uyulmaz Semra , Giovanoli Pietro , Lindenblatt Nicole 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungIn den letzten Jahren haben speziell für die Mikrochirurgie entwickelte Roboter das Anwendungsgebiet robotisch assistierter Operationen auch in der plastisch-rekonstruktiven Chirurgie erweitert. Derzeit gibt es zwei Mikrochirurgierobotersysteme, welche in der plastischen Chirurgie eingesetzt werden. Beide Systeme verfügen über Technologien zur Tremorreduzierung und Bewegungsskalierung, wodurch die Präzision und Geschicklichkeit des Chirurgen optimiert werden sollen. In der Klinik für Plastische Chirurgie und Handchirurgie des Universitätsspitals Zürich wird das Symani Surgical System® bereits bei vielen mikro- und supermikrochirurgischen Operationen, unter anderem bei autologen Brustrekonstruktionen, Nerventransfers und im Besonderen in der rekonstruktiven Lymphchirurgie, eingesetzt. Trotz spezieller technischer Herausforderungen, beispielsweise einem fehlenden haptischen Feedback, überwiegen nach entsprechendem Training des Mikrochirurgen die Vorteile, dazu zählen insbesondere kleinere Operationszugänge für anatomisch tiefe Strukturen und eine Verbesserung der chirurgischen Präzision.
Oncologic Liver Resections in a Geriatric Population: Peri‐operative, Long‐Term and Quality‐of‐Life Outcomes—Experience from a High‐Volume Centre in India
Authors: Patkar Shraddha , Agarwal Jasmine , Kunte Aditya , Pandrowala Saneya , Goel Mahesh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundElderly patients can often be overlooked as candidates for a major hepatic resection, by virtue of their age. To enable better patient selection for hepatic resections in this age group, we analysed the outcomes of liver resections in elderly patients to identify any potential prognostic factors.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of hepatic resections from 1 January 2010 to 31 October 2021 and analysed the post‐operative outcomes in patients aged 65 years or older. Short‐term outcomes were analysed in terms of length of hospital stay, 90‐day major morbidity, and 90‐day mortality. Long‐term outcome was defined by the disease‐free survival, overall survival and quality of life.ResultsOver a period of 11 years, 170 elderly patients underwent oncologic liver resections, of which 68 (40%) underwent a major hepatectomy. The overall morbidity and mortality rates were 32.8% and 5.3%, respectively. Extent of hepatic resection, increasing age, concomitant resection of other organs and a biliary‐enteric anastomosis were independent predictors for poor immediate post‐operative outcomes. Median disease‐free survival and overall survival were 30 months and 78 months, respectively. The global health status was excellent in majority of patients with a mean score of 88.62.ConclusionMajor oncologic liver resections can be performed in well‐selected geriatric population with acceptable peri‐operative, long‐term and quality‐of‐life outcomes.
Automated lung cancer assessment on 18F-PET/CT using Retina U-Net and anatomical region segmentation
Authors: Weikert T. , Jaeger P. F. , Yang S. , Baumgartner M. , Breit H. C. , Winkel D. J. , Sommer G. , Stieltjes B. , Thaiss W. , Bremerich J. , Maier-Hein K. H. , Sauter A. W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To develop and test a Retina U-Net algorithm for the detection of primary lung tumors and associated metastases of all stages on FDG-PET/CT.

Methods
A data set consisting of 364 FDG-PET/CTs of patients with histologically confirmed lung cancer was used for algorithm development and internal testing. The data set comprised tumors of all stages. All lung tumors (T), lymphatic metastases (N), and distant metastases (M) were manually segmented as 3D volumes using whole-body PET/CT series. The data set was split into a training (n = 216), validation (n = 74), and internal test data set (n = 74). Detection performance for all lesion types at multiple classifier thresholds was evaluated and false-positive-findings-per-case (FP/c) calculated. Next, detected lesions were assigned to categories T, N, or M using an automated anatomical region segmentation. Furthermore, reasons for FPs were visually assessed and analyzed. Finally, performance was tested on 20 PET/CTs from another institution.

Results
Sensitivity for T lesions was 86.2% (95% CI: 77.2–92.7) at a FP/c of 2.0 on the internal test set. The anatomical correlate to most FPs was the physiological activity of bone marrow (16.8%). TNM categorization based on the anatomical region approach was correct in 94.3% of lesions. Performance on the external test set confirmed the good performance of the algorithm (overall detection rate = 88.8% (95% CI: 82.5–93.5%) and FP/c = 2.7).

Conclusions
Retina U-Nets are a valuable tool for tumor detection tasks on PET/CT and can form the backbone of reading assistance tools in this field. FPs have anatomical correlates that can lead the way to further algorithm improvements. The code is publicly available.

Key Points
• Detection of malignant lesions in PET/CT with Retina U-Net is feasible.
• All false-positive findings had anatomical correlates, physiological bone marrow activity being the most prevalent.
• Retina U-Nets can build the backbone for tools assisting imaging professionals in lung tumor staging.
Personal dose equivalent Hp(0.07) during 68Ga-DOTA-TATE production procedures
Authors: Wrzesień M. , Albiniak Ł. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis work presents the exposure of hands of the personnel of a nuclear medicine department who prepare and administer 68Ga-DOTA-TATE. Dosimetry measurements were performed during three 1-week sessions, for nine production procedures. A total of 360 measurements were made by using high-sensitivity MCP-N thermoluminescent detectors. Annealed detectors were and vacuum-packed in foil and then placed on each fingertip of both hands of five radiochemists and four nurses (one detector for one fingertip). The greatest exposure to ionizing radiation was found on the non-dominant left hand of radiochemists and nurses. A maximum Hp(0.07)/A value of 49.36 ± 4.95 mSv/GBq was registered for radiochemists during the 68 Ga-DOTA-DATE activity dispensing procedure. For nurses performing the radiopharmaceutical injection procedure, a corresponding maximum value of 1.28 ± 0.13 mSv/GBq was measured, while the mean value for all the nurses was 0.38 mSv/GBq. The dispensing procedure accounted for approximately 60% of the total exposure of radiochemists' fingertips. Based on the results obtained it is recommended that a ring dosimeter should be routinely placed on the middle finger of the non-dominant hand of radiochemists and nurses. Furthermore, it is proposed to systematically train workers in handling open sources of ionizing radiation, with the aim of reducing the required handling time.
Solving the two-decades-old murder case through joint application of ZooMS and ancient DNA approaches
Authors: Xu Yang , Wang Naihui , Gao Shizhu , Li Chunxiang , Ma Pengcheng , Yang Shasha , Jiang Hai , Shi Shoujin , Wu Yanhua , Zhang Quanchao , Cui Yinqiu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Bones are one of the most common biological types of evidence in forensic cases. Discriminating human bones from irrelevant species is important for the identification of victims; however, the highly degraded bones could be undiagnostic morphologically and difficult to analyze with standard DNA profiling approaches. The same challenge also exists in archaeological studies. Here, we present an initial study of an analytical strategy that involves zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry (ZooMS) and ancient DNA methods. Through the combined strategy, we managed to identify the only biological evidence of a two-decades-old murder case — a small piece of human bone out of 19 bone fragments — and confirmed the kinship between the victim and the putative parents through joint application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing methods. ZooMS effectively screened out the target human bone while ancient DNA methods improve the DNA yields. The combined strategy in this case outperforms the standard DNA profiling approach with shorter time, less cost, as well as higher reliability for the genetic identification results.

Highlights
• The first application of zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry technique in the forensic case for screening out human bones from bone fragment mixtures.
• Application of ancient DNA technique to recover the highly degraded DNA sequence from the challenging sample that failed standard DNA profiling approaches.
• A fast, sensitive, and low-cost strategy that combines the strengths of protein analysis and DNA analysis for kinship identification in forensic research.
Acute effects of concurrent muscle power and sport-specific endurance exercises on markers of immunological stress response and measures of muscular fitness in highly trained youth male athletes
Authors: Markov Adrian , Bussweiler Jens , Helm Norman , Arntz Fabian , Steidten Thomas , Krohm Lars , Sacot Arnau , Baumert Philipp , Puta Christian , Chaabene Helmi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To examine the acute effects of concurrent muscle power and sport-specific endurance exercises order on immunological stress responses, muscular-fitness, and rating-of-perceived-exertion (RPE) in highly trained youth male judo athletes.

Methods
Twenty male participants randomly performed two concurrent training (CT) sessions; power-endurance and endurance-power. Measures of immune response (e.g., white blood cells), muscular-fitness (i.e., counter-movement-jump [CMJ]), RPE, blood-lactate, and -glucose were taken at different time-point (i.e., pre, mid, post, and post6h).

Results
There were significant time*order interactions for white blood cells, lymphocytes, granulocytes, granulocyte-lymphocyte-ratio, and systemic-inflammation-index. Power-endurance resulted in significantly larger pre-to-post increases in white blood cells and lymphocytes while endurance-power resulted in significantly larger pre-to-post increases in the granulocyte-lymphocyte-ratio and systemic-inflammation-index. Likewise, significantly larger pre-to-post6h white blood cells and granulocytes increases were observed following power-endurance compared to endurance-power. Moreover, there was a significant time*order interaction for blood-glucose and -lactate. Following endurance-power, blood-lactate and -glucose increased from pre-to-mid but not from pre-to-post. Meanwhile, in power-endurance blood-lactate and -glucose increased from pre-to-post but not from pre-to-mid. A significant time*order interaction was observed for CMJ-force with larger pre-to-post decreases in endurance-power compared to power-endurance. Further, CMJ-power showed larger pre-to-mid performance decreases following power-endurance, compared to endurance-power. Regarding RPE, significant time*order interactions were noted with larger pre-to-mid values following endurance-power and larger pre-to-post values following power-endurance.

Conclusion
CT induced acute and delayed order-dependent immune cell count alterations in highly trained youth male judo athletes. In general, power-endurance induced higher acute and delayed immunological stress responses compared to endurance-power. CMJ-force and RPE fluctuated during both CT sessions but went back to baseline 6 h post-exercise.
Evaluation of a Machine Learning-Based Dysphagia Prediction Tool in Clinical Routine: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Jauk Stefanie , Kramer Diether , Veeranki Sai Pavan Kumar , Siml-Fraissler Angelika , Lenz-Waldbauer Angelika , Tax Ewald , Leodolter Werner , Gugatschka Markus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBased on a large number of pre-existing documented electronic health records (EHR), we developed a machine learning (ML) algorithm for detection of dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia. The aim of our study was to prospectively apply this algorithm in two large patient cohorts. The tool was integrated in the hospital information system of a secondary care hospital in Austria. Based on existing data such as diagnoses, laboratory, and medication, dysphagia risk was predicted automatically, and patients were stratified into three risk groups. Patients’ risk groups and risk factors were visualized in a web application. Prospective predictions of 1270 admissions to geriatric or internal medicine departments were compared with the occurrence of dysphagia or aspiration pneumonia of routinely documented events. The discriminative performance for internal medicine patients (n = 885) was excellent with an AUROC of 0.841, a sensitivity of 74.2%, and a specificity of 84.1%. For the smaller geriatric cohort (n = 221), the AUROC was 0.758, sensitivity 44.4%, and specificity 93.0%. For both cohorts, calibration plots showed a slight overestimation of the risk. This is the first study to evaluate the performance of a ML-based prediction tool for dysphagia in a prospective clinical setting. Future studies should validate the predictions on data of systematic dysphagia screening by specialists and evaluate user satisfaction and acceptance. The ML-based dysphagia prediction tool achieved an excellent performance in the internal medicine cohort. More data are needed to determine the performance in geriatric patients.
A scoping review of the methods used to capture dysphagia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: the need for a paradigm shift
Authors: Molfenter Sonja M. , Amin Milan R. , Balou Matina , Herzberg Erica G. , Frempong-Boadu Anthony 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Dysphagia is the most commonly reported complication of annterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) surgery. However, the incidence of dysphagia post-ACDF varies widely–partly attributable to differing outcome measures used to capture dysphagia. Our objective was to conduct a scoping review of the literature to quantify which dysphagia outcome measures have been employed post-ACDF and examine trends by study design, year, and location.

Methods
After removing duplicates, 2396 abstracts were screened for inclusion. A total of 480 studies were eligible for full-text review. After applying exclusion criteria, data was extracted from 280 studies. We extracted the dysphagia outcome measure(s), study design (prospective vs retrospective), year, and location (country). Approximately 10% of studies were repeated for intra-rater agreement.

Results
In total, 317 dysphagia outcome measures were reported in 280 studies (primarily retrospective—63%). The largest proportion of outcome measures were categorized as “unvalidated patient-reported outcome measures” (46%), largely driven by use of the popular Bazaz scale. The next most common categories were “insufficient detail” and “validated patient-reported outcome measures” (both 16%) followed by “chart review/database” (13%) and instrumental assessment (7%). Studies examining dysphagia post-ACDF steadily increased over the years and the use of validated measures increased in the past 10 years.

Conclusions
This scoping review of the literature highlights that nearly half of the ACDF dysphagia literature relies on unvalidated patient-reported outcome measures. The current understanding of the mechanism, timeline, and presentation of dysphagia post-ACDF are likely limited due to the metrics that are most commonly reported in the literature.
Ultrasound-guided superficial cervical plexus block combined with clavipectoral fascial plane block or interscalene brachial plexus block in clavicle surgery: a single-centre, double-blind, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xu Guangmin , Su Peng , Cai Bing , Liu Yanyu , Jiang Danfeng , He Yanxia , Zhou Miyi , Zhang Meng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe sensory innervation of the clavicle is complex, and the best regional block technology for clavicular surgery has yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to compare the application of ultrasound-guided superficial cervical plexus block combined with clavipectoral fascial plane block verses interscalene brachial plexus block in clavicular surgery. Fifty patients undergoing internal fixation surgery for elective clavicle fractures were randomly divided into two groups (n = 25 for each group): group I and group II. Superficial cervical plexus block combined with clavipectoral fascial plane block was used in group I, and superficial cervical plexus block combined with interscalene brachial plexus block was used in group II. The primary outcome measure was the duration of analgesia. The duration of analgesia in group I was significantly longer than that in group II (P < 0.05). The modified Bromage scale function score in group II was lower than that in group I (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the skin acupuncture pain score 30 min after block and visual analog scale (VAS) scores at 6 and 12 h after surgery. However, the 24 h VAS score in group I was lower than that in group II (P < 0.05). The incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis was significantly increased in group II (P < 0.01). Ultrasound-guided superficial cervical plexus block combined with clavipectoral fascial plane block can be used for clavicular surgery. It has a long postoperative analgesia time, can retain the motor function of the involved upper limb and does not cause hemidiaphragmatic paresis.Clinical trial number and registry URL: Clinical Trials.gov; Trial registration number: ChiCTR2000039383; Date of registration: 25 October 2020.
Improved Gegenbauer spectral tau algorithms for distributed-order time-fractional telegraph models in multi-dimensions
Authors: Ahmed Hoda F. , Hashem W. A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe distributed-order fractional telegraph models are commonly used to describe the phenomenas of diffusion and wave-like anomalous, which can model processes without a power-law scale across the entire temporal domain. To increase the range of implementation of distributed-order fractional telegraph models, there is a need to present effective and accurate numerical algorithms to solve these models, as these models are hard to solve analytically. In this work, a novel matrix representation of the distributed-order fractional derivative based on shifted Gegenbauer (SG) polynomials has been derived. Also, two efficient algorithms based on the aforementioned operatonal matrix and the spectral tau method have been constructed for solving the one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) distributed-order time-fractional telegraph models with spatial variable coefficients. Also, a new operational matrix of the multiplication of space vectors has been built to have the ability in applying the tau method in the 2D case. The convergence and error bound analysis of the presented techniques are investigated. Moreover, the presented algorithms are applied on four miscellaneous test examples to illustrate the robustness and effectiveness of these algorithms.