bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic Permeable Base Transistors—Reliable Large‐Scale Anodization for High Frequency Devices
Authors: Bonil Amric , Darbandy Ghader , Frede Jan , Flemming Moritz , Matthus Christian , Petrauskas Lautaro , Wang Juan , Lim Kyung‐Geun , Kleemann Hans 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrganic permeable base transistors (OPBTs) have demonstrated impressive performance and potential in various applications, such as display driving circuits, light‐emitting transistors, and logic circuits requiring high‐frequency operation. However, large‐scale implementation is hindered by fabrication reliability and repeatability issues, a problem also common with other types of organic transistors, leading to reliance on exceptional “hero” devices. To address this challenge, an electrochemical anodization process is scaled up and optimized for OPBTs to produce consistent performance across an entire 15 cm × 15 cm wafer. By controlling the Al base oxidation, an 87% yield of functional devices and a median transconductance of d−3is achieved S, proving that the anodization process does not degrade the device performance. Additionally, anodization reduces leakage current to below d−9A, increasing the current gain to a median of 106, and decreases the oxide capacitance (Cox) without affecting the transconductance (gm), resulting in a driving‐voltage normalized unity‐gain cutoff frequency (fT/V) of up to 2.6 MHzV−1. The validity of the experimental results is confirmed through properly calibrated technology computer‐aided design (TCAD) simulations, which rely on DC and small‐signal AC analysis of OPBTs, based on the underlying physical equations.
Quantum Dots Enable Perovskite Solar Cells Performance: Interactions, Mechanisms, Progresses, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Luo Zhao , Yin Wenxu , Wang Jianxun , Hua Yulu , Zhou Zihan , Zhang Wei , Chen Shumin , Zhang Xiaoyu , Zheng Weitao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have gained attention as a promising photovoltaic technology, offering high efficiency and cost‐effective manufacturing. However, challenges related to stability, carrier dynamics, and defect passivation have limited their commercialization. Quantum dots (QDs) have recently gained attention as versatile materials that can enhance the performance of PSCs through multiple mechanisms. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the interaction between QDs and perovskite are provided. Also, their impact on influence on crystallization, defect passivation, photon management, energy level alignment, and device stability is examined. By modulating perovskite crystal growth, QDs reduce grain boundaries and improve film crystallinity, while passivating defects and regulating energy levels to suppress non‐radiative recombination and enhance charge extraction. QD layers can also improve light absorption and provide encapsulation against environmental factors like moisture and oxygen, thus extending device longevity. While QD‐optimized PSCs are promising, further breakthroughs will require new material designs and synergistic integration strategies. This review offers insights into the current advancements and highlights future research directions for maximizing the potential of QDs in PSC applications.
Dual‐Scale Friction Dynamics Associated with Moiré Superlattices in Layered Materials
Authors: Bai Huizhong , Zou Guijin , Bao Hongwei , Li Suzhi , Ma Fei , Gao Huajian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe ultralow friction properties of 2D materials present significant potential for energy‐saving application. Atomic force microscopy experiments on the moiré superlattice of stacked 2D materials reveal that, beyond atomic stick‐slip dynamics, friction behaviors at the moiré scale introduce a new dominant energy dissipation mechanism. However, understanding these behaviors remains challenging due to the complex interplay between atomic and moiré scale effects. Here, through large‐scale molecular dynamics simulations of a tip scanning on a graphene/h‐BN heterostructure, it is demonstrated that transitions between stick‐slip and smooth sliding behaviors can be tuned at both atomic and moiré scales. Specifically, atomic‐scale friction behavior is governed by the commensurability of tip‐surface contact, while moiré‐scale friction behavior arises from a load‐dependent competition between expulsive interactions at tip/surface‐indentation region and adhesive interactions at tip/surface‐ripple region. The moiré stick‐slip behavior occurs due to the more rapid shift of the protruding domain wall region as the tip crossing it under higher load. Furthermore, greater stretching of graphene bonds during domain wall crossing enhances energy dissipation. This moiré stick‐slip behavior persists, albeit attenuated, in tri‐layer systems. This findings provide new insights into friction at multiple length scales and may inform future studies of friction in multilayer superlattices.
Efficient One‐Pot Cellulosic Ethanol Production Over PdZn@Silicalite‐1 Catalysts with Metal‐Acid “Restricted Adjacency” Structures
Authors: Cui Yuandong , Wang Ning , Bi Guiyue , Zhuo Hongying , Shang Xin , Cai Tao , Jiang Wei , Ben Haoxi , Yang Xiaoli , Huang Yanqiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDirect hydrogenolysis of cellulose to produce ethanol is a promising way to efficiently utilize biomass resources, contributing significantly to low‐carbon energy development and greenhouse gas reduction. However, this process is challenging due to intricate cascading reactions. In this study, PdZn@S‐1 catalysts featuring metal‐acid “restricted adjacency” structures for direct cellulose conversion are developed. This unique structure allows acidic sites and metal nanoparticles to be in close proximity in a microscopic space, leading to changes in the electronic states of the metal sites, and an increase in the number of acidic sites. This configuration fosters synergistic and balanced interaction between the two types of sites. As a result, the PdZn0.5@S‐1 catalyst demonstrates exceptional performance, achieving an ethanol yield of 69.2% at 245 °C and 4.5 MPa H2 within 4 h. The remarkable catalytic activity and selectivity are attributed to the formation of Lewis acid sites through Pdδ+─O(H)─Si coordination, which facilitates the cleavage of C─C bonds, while the adjacent PdZn alloy provides an effective site for the hydrogenation of C─O bonds. This work introduces a novel approach by successfully integrating metal@zeolite catalysts into the catalytic conversion of biomass macromolecules, offering new insights for the direct utilization of biomass resources.
Multidirectionally Patterned Interdigital Transducers for Enhancing Acoustofluidic Streaming with Flexible Printed Circuit Board
Authors: Stringer Mercedes , Dumčius Povilas , Zhang Xiaoyan , Chai Yanyan , Zeng Ziming , Dong Zhiqiang , Sun Chao , Liang Dongfang , Ge Guangbo , Fu Yongqing , Wu Zhenlin , Yang Xin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAcoustic streaming generated by surface acoustic waves (SAWs) enables diverse acoustofluidic functions, such as fluid mixing, particle manipulation, and enhanced fluid transport, making SAWs valuable lab‐on‐a‐chip systems. However, conventional SAW devices are often limited to a specific acoustofluidic function once fabricated. Each function typically requires different devices or designs to produce other wave modes, making exploration costly and time‐consuming. A Multidirectional Interdigital Transducer (M‐IDT) on a Flexible Printed Circuit Board (FPCB) is presented, allowing easy reconfigurability and multidirectional SAW propagation. This versatile device enables rapid, multifunctional experimentation on a single replaceable substrate, facilitating efficient exploration of acoustofluidic effects. This device, alongside finite element simulations, investigates substrate in‐plane rotation angles (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° relative to the X‐axis) and wave modes. Favorable acoustic velocities are observed using Rayleigh SAW (R‐SAW) at 0° and 30°, and using combined wave modes at 60°, and 90°. The pseudo shear‐horizontal SAW (P‐SH‐SAW) at 90° exhibits higher velocities than R‐ SAW at 0°. P‐SH‐SAW also improved acoustic streaming at lower power, with high‐viscosity fluids, substantial fluid volumes (1 mL), and within a 96‐well plate. The M‐IDTs reconfigurable nature allows rapid, cost‐effective testing, making it ideal for prototyping a wide range of acoustofluidic applications.
Infrared Ultralow‐Emissivity Polymeric Metafabric Conductors Enabling Remarkable Electromagnetic and Thermal Management
Authors: Yu Ruiqi , Wang Mengyao , Lu Weifang , Wang Jingshi , Cao Yanxia , Yang Yanyu , Wang Wanjie , Wang Jianfeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInfrared ultralow‐emissivity fabric has garnered significant interest for applications in infrared stealth and personal thermal management. However, reconciling the competing demands of low emissivity, breathability, and mechanical strength poses a formidable challenge. Here, an air‐permeable polymeric metafabric distinguished by a unique non‐through‐hole structure is presented. This design is achieved through the electroless plating of silver nanoparticles onto commercially available nylon fabric, supplemented by an intermediate layer of hot‐processed nylon porous mesh. This metafabric demonstrates an ultralow emissivity of 0.044, an exceptional electrical conductivity of 51 315 S m−1, an impressive electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency of 78 dB, and a high tensile strength of 110 MPa. The emissivity, conductivity, and strength of the metafabric are among the highest values reported for infrared low‐emissivity fabrics. The metafabric also exhibits an air permeability that conforms to Grade 2 of international standards. The metafabric facilitates personal precision heating across diverse environments through its integrated capabilities of passive radiative and active solar/Joule heating. Additionally, the metafabric displays antibacterial properties, flame retardancy, sweat absorption, quick‐drying, and washability performance, thereby significantly enhancing its wearability. This high‐performance, multifunctional, infrared ultralow‐emissivity polymeric metafabric holds great promise for applications in infrared camouflage, electromagnetic protection, and personal thermal management.
Engineering the Metal/Oxide Interfacial O‐Filling Effect to Tailor Oxygen Spillover for Efficient Acidic Water Oxidation
Authors: Zhu Yu , Guo Fei , Wei Qiliang , Lai Feiyan , Chen Runzhe , Guo Jianing , Gong Manxi , Zhang Shunqiang , Wang Zichen , Zhong Jun , He Guanjie , Cheng Niancai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe oxygen spillover on the metal/oxide electrocatalysts interface acts as an essential role in promoting the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). However, oxygen spillover mechanisms and corresponding regulatory strategies are still unclear for addressing slow OH‐migration kinetics. Herein, an interface is constructed between Iridium (Ir) and Niobium (Nb)‐doped Titanium oxide (TiO2) with abundant oxygen vacancies area by plasma processing, enabling oxygen spillover from the metal Ir to supports. The optimized Ir/Nb‐doped TiO2 with a significant OER activity (η = 253 mV) and durability in acids compared to commercial IrO2. In situ experiments combined with theoretical computations reveal the presence of interfacial oxygen vacancies not only regulates the Ir structure toward boosted activity but also constructs a directional spillover pathway from Ir to interfacial oxygen vacancies area and then TiO2 via the OH*‐filling route, which strikingly mitigates the OH* migration barriers. In addition, the optimized Ir/Nb‐doped TiO2 exhibits excellent performance (1.69 V/1.0 A cm−2@80 °C) and long‐term stability (≈500 h@1.0 A cm−2) with practical potential in PEMWEs. This work provides a unique insight into the role of oxygen spillover, paving the way for designing Ir‐based catalysts for PEMWEs.
Regulating Asymmetric C–C Coupling with Interfacial Alkalinity for Efficient CO2 to C2+ Electroconversion
Authors: Huang Zichao , Zhou Linjiao , Gui Wenke , Guan Chaoqun , Chen Jun , Kuang Min , Yang Jianping 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 in neutral electrolytes is a promising avenue to minimize energy losses linked to carbonate formation. However, selectivity for multi‐carbon (C2+) products is hampered by kinetic barriers in C–C coupling. Here, the regulation of asymmetric C–C coupling is achieved with interfacial alkalinity, facilitating efficient CO2 to C2+ electroconversion. This is realized by co‐engineering copper electrodes with ZrO2 sites and CeOx sites to enable a favorable microenvironment that greatly boosts intrinsic catalytic activity. In situ spectroscopic results and theoretical analyses demonstrates that CeOx facilitates the dissociation of H2O into *H and *OH, effectively regulating *H coverage at the catalytic interface and promoting the protonation of *CO to *COH. Meanwhile, ZrO2 sites significantly enhance the adsorption of in situ‐produced *OH, optimize the local pH on the Cu surface, and enable the formation of C2+ products via a low‐energy *OC–COH coupling pathway. A notable CO2 to C2+ electroconversion in 1.0 M KCl electrolyte, with Faraday efficiency of 67.2 ± 2.1% and a partial current density of 413.0 ± 9.9 mA cm−2 is achieved. This synergistic enhancement of hydroxyl adsorption and stabilization at the catalytic interface, driven by the activation of H2O, is crucial for boosting the overall catalytic performance of the system.
Controllable Synthesis and “Fast‐charging” Mechanism of Hollow‐Micropencil Co3V2O8 from Perspective of Ion Diffusion in Crystal Structure
Authors: Wang Rui , Zhang Rong , Yan Yixin , Li Gaoyang , Li Yuan , Wang Fujuan , Wu Youzhi , Ran Fen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCo3V2O8 as a bimetallic oxide with “fast‐charging” capacity presents some potential advantages, comprising decent theoretical specific capacity, favorable crystal structure, and intrinsic safety. Presently, although extensive research of Co3V2O8 as an anode material are reported, the formed Co° from Co3V2O8 after the initial discharging is not oxidized to CoO during the charging process, and the ion diffusion mechanism are not well clarified. The lithium‐storage process of Co3V2O8 and the diffusion mechanism of lithium ion in Co3V2O8 are studied in detail in this work. A hollow‐micropencil Co3V2O8 prepared through the hydrothermal method without using surfactants or templates demonstrates a high “fast‐charging” capability even at the current densities as high as 1.0–2.0 A g−1. The electrochemical kinetic results illustrate that the hollow‐micropencil Co3V2O8 presents low charge transfer resistance. The distinctive lithium ion storage sites as well as diffusion paths are predicted. The in situ X‐ray diffraction analysis is adopted to confirm that the formed Co° after the initial discharging is not oxidized to CoO during the delithiation process. The work not only helps to understand the lithium insertion mechanisms of Co3V2O8 but also offers new means to develop “fast‐charging” anode material for lithium‐ion batteries with remarkable electrochemical performance.
Diblock Copolymer Brush‐Based Adhesion Coupling Agents
Authors: Zhao Jun , Li Menglin , Huang Xiayun , Zhao Xiaoya , Zhu Jie , Wang Jiahao , Yue Tao , Li Zhuo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTraditional adhesion coupling agents based on small molecules often face challenges such as uneven interface distribution, sensitivity to humidity, and lack of energy dissipation in bulk adhesives, which limit both adhesion performance and long‐term reliability. In this work, amphiphilic block copolymer brushes are presented as a new type of coupling agent to overcome these issues. The hydrophilic block forms stable, multi‐site interactions with the substrate, while the hydrophobic block penetrates and entangles with the adhesive matrix, facilitating effective energy transmission and dissipation across a broader zone. For instance, before grafting amphiphilic block copolymer brushes, the adhesion strength between copper and polydimethylsiloxane is only 0.5 MPa, but after grafting, the adhesion strength is increased to 8.2 MPa, representing a 16.4‐fold improvement, even in the absence of covalent bonding, and surpassing previous enhancement strategies. The adhesion remained strong under various harsh conditions, including thermal aging, thermal cycling, high temperature/high humidity, and even immersion in water. This adaptive approach, which allows for the customization of block compositions, offers great potential for a wide range of applications, including flexible electronics, microfluidics, coatings, and sealing technologies.
Engineering Solid‐State Fluorescent Carbon Dots with Aggregation‐Induced Emission by Fatty Amine Chains‐Regulated Charge Transfer and π‐π Stacking
Authors: Yang Canpu , Hu Jiusheng , Tan Wenjiang , Si Jinhai , Hou Xun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) are an encouraging green luminescent material; however, the aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect poses a significant limitation for their use in solid‐state devices. By adjusting precursor fatty amine chains, this paper synthesized four solid‐state emissive CDs with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties (Lx‐CDs). When water is introduced, the generation of Lx‐CDs aggregates creates the switching off of the carbon‐core emission (blue) in acetic acid solution and the switching on of the surface‐state emission (orange). Results demonstrate that the disulfide bond and fatty amine chain structures allow considerable inhibition in the distance of aromatic skeletons, causing the aggregation‐state emission, and the multiple interactions in aggregates can reduce the non‐radiative processes benefiting the AIE. Besides, the fast and slow fluorescence species can be confirmed to correspond to the emission paths of carbon‐core and surface‐state, respectively. The solid‐state emission wavelength, photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), and AIE strength can be engineered by the fatty amine chain regulated charge transfer and π‐π stacking. This study not only reveals the intrinsic mechanism of carbon‐core and surface‐state luminescence dynamics in AIE CDs but also provides a method for controlling fluorescence wavelength and enhancing the emission of aggregated particles using precursor fatty amine chain length.
A Dual‐Emissive DNA‐Templated Silver Nanocluster with Near‐Infrared I and II Emission
Authors: Gonzàlez‐Rosell Anna , Rück Vanessa , Liisberg Mikkel B. , Cerretani Cecilia , Nielsen Villads R. M. , Vosch Tom , Copp Stacy M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDNA‐stabilized silver nanoclusters (DNA‐AgN) are atomically precise and sequence‐tuned nanomaterials with potential applications for deep tissue biomedical imaging. Here, a dual‐emissive DNA‐AgN is presented with fluorescence in the first near‐infrared (NIR‐I) spectral window and microsecond‐lived photoluminescence in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) spectral window. High‐resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry showed that the emitter has the molecular formula (DNA)2[Ag17]11+. The crystallization of (DNA)2[Ag17]11+ was unsuccessful, which prevented the use of X‐ray diffraction to determine its structure. However, sequence variations of the templating DNA oligomer provided insights into nucleobases that are critical for stabilizing the Ag1711+. Moreover, addition of an adenosine or thymidine at the 5′‐end of the stabilizing DNA strand maintained the composition and photophysical properties of the (DNA)2[Ag17]11+, suggesting a potential site for conjugation with biomolecules to enable targeted labeling in future bioimaging applications.
Barcoded Hybrids of Extracellular Vesicles and Lipid Nanoparticles for Multiplexed Analysis of Tissue Distribution
Authors: Ivanova Alena , Chalupska Renata , Louro Ana Filipa , Firth Mike , González‐King Garibotti Hernán , Hultin Leif , Kohl Franziska , Lázaro‐Ibáñez Elisa , Lindgren Julia , Musa Gentian , Oude Blenke Erik , Silva Andreia M. , Szeponik Louis , Taylor Agnes , Viken Ida , Wang Xiaoqin , Jennbacken Karin , Wiseman John , Dekker Niek 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTargeted delivery of therapeutic agents is a persistent challenge in modern medicine. Recent efforts in this area have highlighted the utility of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as drug carriers, given that they naturally occur in bloodstream and tissues, and can be loaded with a wide range of therapeutic molecules. However, biodistribution and tissue tropism of EVs remain difficult to study systematically. Here, a multiplexed approach is developed for simultaneous tracking of EVs from various cell lines within a single in vivo experiment. EVs are used from 16 different cell lines, and through controlled fusion with lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) carrying single‐stranded DNA barcodes, uniquely barcoded hybrid EV particle (hEV) library is generated. These hEVs are combined for a multiplexed in vivo biodistribution profiling in mice, and discovered that HAP1‐derived hEVs demonstrated lung tropism, suggesting that these hEVs may be used for targeted drug delivery into lung tissue. To examine this possibility further, it is shown that HAP1 hEV loaded with Cre mRNA displayed functional delivery to the lungs. Overall, the barcoded hEV technology enables rapid profiling of biodistribution across EV cell sources, which is poised to improve throughput and extent of EV studies, while reducing the number of animals required for research.
Temperature‐Dependent Charge‐Carrier Dynamics in Lead‐Halide Perovskites: Indications for Dynamic Disorder Dominated Scattering Mechanism
Authors: Dörflinger Patrick , Rieder Philipp , Dyakonov Vladimir 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLead‐halide perovskites have emerged as a promising material class in light‐harvesting and light‐emitting applications due to their exceptional semiconductor properties. Nonetheless, crucial semiconducting properties such as the charge carrier scattering mechanism and its impact on recombination dynamics are not well studied. Here, five different lead‐halide perovskite compositions are systematically examined to determine their temperature‐dependent mobility, and the prevalent scattering mechanisms involved are identified. Dynamic disorder is proposed to be the predominant scattering mechanism at room temperature and above, as evidenced by a change in the power‐law Tm. Notably, the onset temperature for this behavior varies with the perovskite composition. Additionally, it is found that this scattering process coincides with changes in fast‐trapping behavior in MAPbI3 perovskite, which in turn alters recombination dynamics such as carrier lifetime and diffusion length. These results suggest that this scattering mechanism contributes to the defect tolerance of perovskites, providing valuable insights for further investigations.