bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous medium approach to approximate the high concentrated aqueous electrolyte with different types of electrochemical structure
Authors: Maffre Marion , Wang Xuanze , Deng Jie , Deebansok Siraprapha , Zhu Yachao , Favier Frédéric , Bélanger Daniel , Fontaine Olivier 
Published: September 2023

Superconcentrated aqueous electrolytes have recently emerged as a new class of electrolytes, called water-in-salt electrolytes. They are distinguished, in both weight and volume, by a quantity of salt greater than water. Currently, these electrolytes are attracting major interest, particularly for application in aqueous rechargeable batteries. These electrolytes have only a small amount of free water due to an ultrahigh salt concentration. Consequently, the electrochemical stability window of water is wider than the predicted thermodynamic value of 1.23 V. Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have been shown to be shifted to more negative and positive potentials, respectively. The decrease in free water population is recognized as being involved in the increase in the electrochemical stability window of water. Here, we study the quantitative contribution of the decrease in the free water molecule concentration to the permittivity of the solution and of the activity of water to the OER and HER overpotentials when the salt concentration increases. We compare our model with that of Kornyshev and get three types of electrolyte structures: diluted, gradient of water contents, and aggregation. The theoretical calculation of the redox potentials of the OER and HER is compared with the experimentally determined electrochemical properties of aqueous LiTFSI electrolytes.
Random lasing from kombucha bacterial cellulose—ZnO bionanocomposite foam
Authors: Mai Hanh Hong , Dao Quang Khai , Nguyen Minh Nguyet , Pham Hong Minh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Random lasers (RLs) with biological and natural origins have attracted a great deal of attention in biosensing and bio-imaging. In this work, we described a high-performance RL based on kombucha bacterial cellulose and ZnO bionanocomposite foam. The foam was constructed by coating a high-scattering ZnO material on the 3D scaffold cellulose fibers of a KBC. This provides a high level of scattering, which enables light to be better confined within the structures, thus facilitating resonance feedback for random lasing emission. By implementing organic dye molecules into the bionanocomposite foam, we successfully achieved a random lasing emission with a low threshold of 110 μJ mm−2. Due to the RL’s high flexibility and high elasticity, it is able to shift the lasing emission wavelengths to the longer range induced by the folding effect. Compared to other RLs based on natural materials, our RL showed a lower lasing threshold. The biocompatibility and biodegradability of the nanocomposite materials together with the simple, two-step, and low-cost RL fabrication process highlight the promising future of using the proposed RLs in many optical, biological, and medical applications.
How pulse energy affects ignition efficiency of DBD plasma-assisted combustion
Authors: Patel Ravi , Peelen Rik , van Oijen Jeroen , Dam Nico , Nijdam Sander 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work aims to find how coupled energy per pulse influences the ability of a pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma to ignite fuel-lean methane–air flow. For that, experiments are performed on a custom-built DBD flow reactor with a variable dielectric thickness and the discharge is operated by bursts of 10 ns duration pulses at 3 kHz repetition rate. With an increase in dielectric thickness, we observe that the coupled energy per pulse decreases even though applied voltage conditions are similar and so more pulses are required to ignite the lean mixture. Interestingly, we observe a significant increase in the minimum ignition energy (MIE) with an increase in the thickness beyond 3 mm. Moreover, the ignition kernel growth rate is much slower in the thicker dielectric cases even though total energy coupling per burst is similar. This phenomenon is investigated further by evaluating plasma parameters using electrical and optical diagnostics. Effective dielectric capacitance, discharge current, and voltage drop across the gas gap are derived from an equivalent circuit analysis, whereas plasma gas temperature and effective reduced electric field (

E

/

N

) are estimated from optical emission spectroscopy. From these analyses, we conclude that a thicker dielectric limits the discharge current and so the plasma filament temperature. For more than 3 mm thick dielectric cases, the filament heating per pulse is too low to achieve strong enough plasma pulse-to-pulse coupling which eventually leads to higher MIE and slower ignition kernel growth rate or the inability to ignite at all.
Improved ALIF and its application to rolling bearing fault diagnosis
Authors: Wu Zhantao , Cao Qingquan , Yuan Yi , Cheng Junsheng , Li Baoqing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Adaptive Local Iterative Filtering (ALIF) is a commonly used signal processing method. However, when applied to rolling bearing fault diagnosis, ALIF has been found to have problems such as abnormal interruption, serious mode aliasing, and inconvenient parameter setting. To address these issues, this study proposed an improved Adaptive Local Iterative Filtering (IALIF) method. Based on another assumption, IALIF not only effectively guarantees the stability of the decomposition and the reliability of the results by adaptively dividing the distance and de-oscillation by extreme envelope form, but also provides more convenient parameter setting and effectively suppresses the problem of modal aliasing. In addition, IALIF adds a stop criterion, which greatly improves the efficiency of the algorithm. Finally, the analysis results of simulation signals and experimental signals show that IALIF has good decomposition performance and is practical for rolling bearing fault diagnosis.
Electrochemically pre-lithiated SiO2@C nanocomposite anodes for improved performance in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Ozen Selin , Eroglu Omer , Karatepe Nilgun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Silica (SiO2)-based materials are a promising alternative anode material due to their high specific capacity, abundance, safety, and environmental friendliness. However, the significant volume expansion and the formation of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with electrolytes cause active lithium loss and result in poor Coulombic efficiency of SiO2-based materials, which hinder their commercial applications. Therefore, pre-lithiation, a method of embedding extra lithium ions in the electrodes prior to cycling, is an effective approach to replenish the largely irreversible lithium loss during cycling and overcomes these challenges. In this study, carbon-coated silica (SiO2@C) nano composite was synthesized via a sol–gel method and the beneficial impacts of using pre-lithiated SiO2@C electrodes in coin cells were investigated. It is shown that the carbon coating onto the surface of the SiO2 particles and the pre-lithiation method led to a distinct improvement in the overall capacity and Coulombic efficiency of the cells due to the pre-formed SEI and the presence of a lithium reservoir within the anode. Furthermore, the anodes exhibited excellent cycling stability and good rate capability up to 2 A g−1.
Individualized monitoring of heat illness risk: novel adaptive physiological strain index to assess exercise-heat strain from athletes to fully encapsulated workers
Authors: Buller Mark J , Atkinson Emma , Driver Kyla , Tharion William J , Ely Brett R , Cheuvront Samuel N , Charkoudian Nisha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Exercise-heat strain estimation approaches often involve combinations of body core temperature (Tcore), skin temperature (Tsk) and heart rate (HR). A successful existing measure is the ‘Physiological Strain Index’ (PSI), which combines HR and Tcore values to estimate strain. However, depending on variables such as aerobic fitness and clothing, the equation’s ‘maximal/critical’ Tcore must be changed to accurately represent the strain, in part because high Tsk (small Tcore−Tsk) can increase cardiovascular strain and thereby negatively affect performance. Here, an ‘adaptive PSI’ (aPSI) is presented where the original PSI Tcorecritical value is ‘adapted’ dynamically by the delta between Tcore and Tsk. Approach. PSI and aPSI were computed for athletes (ELITE, N = 11 male and 8 female, 8 km time-trial) and soldiers in fully encapsulating personal protective equipment (PPE, N = 8 male, 2 km approach-march). While these were dissimilar events, it was anticipated given that the clothing and work rates would elicit similar very-high exercise-heat strain values. Main results. Mean end HR values were similar (∼180 beats min−1) with higher Tcore = 40.1 ± 0.4 °C for ELITE versus PPE 38.4 ± 0.6 °C (P < 0.05). PSI end values were different between groups (P < 0.01) and appeared ‘too-high’ for ELITE (11.4 ± 0.8) and ‘too-low’ for PPE (7.6 ± 2.0). However, aPSI values were not different (9.9 ± 1.4 versus 9.0 ± 2.5 versus; p > 0.05) indicating a ‘very high’ level of exercise-heat strain for both conditions. Significance. A simple adaptation of the PSI equation, which accounts for differences in Tcore-to-Tsk gradients, provides a physiological approach to dynamically adapt PSI to provide a more accurate index of exercise-heat strain under very different working conditions.
Nonlinear response and fluctuating torque characteristics of the pneumatic muscle actuators at crankshaft application
Authors: Kapti Akin Oguz 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the availability of pneumatic muscle actuators (
PMAs) for producing continuous rotational motion by simulating a crankshaft drive system actuated by artificial muscles. It examines the nonlinear behavior and fluctuating torque characteristic of the PMAs in the crankshaft drive system over the experimentally determined tensile forces. It also looks at the effects of the joint structure, the contraction rate, the timing of the pressurization, the use of a mechanical stopper, and the number of PMAs. It identifies and examines five design versions, including the variations of these parameters. It investigates the range of these parameters for an ideal configuration of the PMA-based crankshaft drive system. The results showed that 44.9 N·m average crankshaft torque fluctuating between 18 and 81.4 N·m is achievable using DMSP-20-300 PMAs at 600 kPa air pressure. Regarding continuous rotational motion, the crankshaft application differs from the PMA-based studies in the literature. The proposed approach fills a gap in the spectrum of activation technologies since it converts linear stroke into continuous and fluctuated rotational output through intermittent oscillating pulling motion generated by a single pneumatic artificial muscle.
A low speed piezoelectric actuator with high displacement smoothness and its multi-objective optimized method
Authors: Cheng Jianfei , Chen Weishan , Ma Xuefeng , Deng Jie , Xun Mingxin , Liu Yingxiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Piezoelectric actuators are widely utilized in the precision industry field, but the existing piezoelectric actuators are difficult to achieve high displacement smoothness at low speed, which limits the practical application of the piezoelectric actuators. This work proposes a piezoelectric actuator that can achieve high displacement smoothness through a multi-leg coordinated actuation principle. A multi-objective optimized method based on adaptive mutation genetic algorithm is utilized to design the driving leg by comprehensively considering five design variables. The design goal of the maximum displacement of the driving foot and the minimum size of the driving leg are achieved. A prototype is fabricated and the characteristics are tested. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the optimized method. High displacement smoothness at low speed is also achieved. The output displacements of the proposed actuator at different driving voltages and frequencies show no regression and intermittent motion. The linearity R
2 could reach 0.9978, and the low output speed of the actuator could reach 22.69 µrad s−1 at voltage of 100 Vp–p and frequency of 1 Hz.
Numerical Calculation of Direct Current Breakdown Voltage for Complex Short Air Gaps under Varying Altitudes
Authors: Han Zeyang , Su Yu , Yao Xiuyuan , Ding Yujian , Zhong Chongshan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the increasing construction of ultra-high voltage direct current transmission in high-altitude environments, it becomes crucial to explore the impact of altitude on the short-gap discharge characteristics. To this end, this study proposes a finite element simulation and calculation method for the direct current (DC) breakdown voltage of actual complex short-gap structure under varying altitudes based on the Townsend criterion and the streamer criterion. The method is verified by combining the discharge experiments in Beijing, Qinghai, and Tibet. The results demonstrate that this method can effectively calculate the DC breakdown voltage of gaps between damping capacitors with a relative error range of -3.64% to 0.2%. The research results provide new insights for insulation evaluation of short-gap structures under varying altitudes.
Emission color tuning and dual-mode luminescence thermometry design in Dy3+/Eu3+ co-doped SrMoO4 phosphors
Authors: Chauhan Vaibhav , Dixit Prashant , Pandey Prashant Kumar , Chaturvedi Satyam , Pandey Praveen C 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The challenge of building a highly reliable contactless temperature probe with high sensitivity, good temperature-induced color discriminability, and economical synthesis has prompted the research community to work in the field of rare-earth-based luminescence thermometry. Moreover, the fast-growing market for optoelectronic devices has increased the demand for tunable color-emitting phosphors. In this study, Dy3+/Eu3+ co-doped SrMoO4 phosphors were developed as tunable color-emitting source and dual-mode luminescence thermometer. A facile and cost-effective auto-combustion method was used to synthesize the phosphors. Our work demonstrates a viable scheme for tailoring the emission of single-phase phosphors by precisely controlling the dopant concentrations and by modulating excitation wavelength. The overall emission is tuned from greenish-yellow to white and greenish-yellow to reddish-orange. A detailed energy transfer process from the host to the Ln3+ ions and between the Ln3+ ions is discussed. Further, anti-thermal quenching in the emission of Dy3+ ion is observed when excited with 297 nm. The dual-mode luminescence thermometry has been studied by analyzing the fluorescence intensity ratio of Dy3+ and Eu3+ ions upon excitation at 297 nm. The maximum relative sensitivity value for 4% Eu3+ co-doped SrMoO4:4%Dy3+ phosphor is 1.46% K−1 at 300 K. Furthermore, the configurational coordinate diagram is presented to elucidate the nature of temperature-dependent emission. Therefore, our research opens up new avenues for the development of color-tunable luminescent materials for various optoelectronic and temperature-sensing applications.
Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from Robinia hispida L. leaves for selective detection of Hg (II)
Authors: Başoğlu Aysel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, Robinia hispida L leaves (RH) was used as a precursor for the first time to synthesize fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) with stable blue fluorescence by a single-step hydrothermal synthesis method. Notably, the innovative approach eliminates the necessity for toxic chemicals or hazardous substances, marking a significant advancement in the field. The synthesized CDs demonstrate CDs demonstrates the predominance of spherical shapes with an average size of 11.63 ± 1.92 nm. The CDs not only exhibit an enhanced fluorescent efficiency with a relatively high quantum yield of up to 6.8%, but they also possess the potential for direct utilization in the selective determination of Hg(II) through fluorescence quenching, even without any functionalization. Under the optimized conditions at a pH of 7.0, a robust linear correlation was found to exist between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of Hg (II) within the range of 5–17.5 μM, exhibiting a detection limit (3σ) of 1.5 μM. Additionally, this methodology was effectively employed to successfully detect Hg (II) ions in various aqueous samples, including tap water, spring water, drinking water, and a certified reference material (CRM-SA-C Sandy Soil C). The spike recoveries of 97.6%–101.6% with less than 2.7% variability were performed on all samples.
Reconstruction of multi-animal PET acquisitions with anisotropically variant PSF
Authors: Arias-Valcayo F , Galve P , Herraiz Joaquín L , Vaquero J J , Desco M , Udías J M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Among other factors such as random, attenuation and scatter corrections, uniform spatial resolution is key to performing accurate quantitative studies in Positron emission tomography (PET). Particularly in preclinical PET studies involving simultaneous acquisition of multiple animals, the degradation of image resolution due to the depth of interaction (DOI) effect far from the center of the Field of View (FOV) becomes a significant concern. In this work, we incorporated a spatially-variant resolution model into a real time iterative reconstruction code to obtain accurate images of multi-animal acquisition. We estimated the spatially variant point spread function (SV-PSF) across the FOV using measurements and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The SV-PSF obtained was implemented in a GPU-based Ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction code, which includes scatter, attenuation and random corrections. The method was evaluated with acquisitions from two preclinical PET/CT scanners of the SEDECAL Argus family: a Derenzo phantom placed 2 cm off center in the 4R-SuperArgus, and a multi-animal study with 4 mice in the 6R-SuperArgus. The SV-PSF reconstructions showed uniform spatial resolution without significant increase in reconstruction time, with superior image quality compared to the uniform PSF model.
Multiprocess 3D printing of sodium-ion batteries via vat photopolymerization and direct ink writing
Authors: Martinez Ana C , Schiaffino Eva M , Aranzola Ana P , Fernandez Christian A , Seol Myeong-Lok , Sherrard Cameroun G , Jones Jennifer , Huddleston William H , Dornbusch Donald A , Sreenivasan Sreeprasad T , Cortes Pedro , MacDonald Eric , Maurel Alexis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this work, the ability to print shape-conformable batteries with multi-process additive manufacturing is reported. Vat photopolymerization (VPP) 3D printing process is employed to manufacture gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), while direct ink writing process is used to prepare positive electrodes. The sodium-ion chemistry has proven to be an adequate substitute to lithium-ion due to the availability of resources and their potential lower production cost and enhanced safety. Three-dimensional printing technologies have the potential to revolutionize the production of shape-conformable batteries with intricate geometries that have been demonstrated to increase the specific surface area of the electrode and ion diffusion, thus leading to improved power performances. This study shows the preparation of composite UV-photocurable resins with different polymer matrix-to-liquid electrolyte ratios, designed to act as GPEs once printed via VPP. The impact of the liquid electrolyte ratio within the GPEs is thoroughly examined through a variety of electrochemical techniques. The exposure time printing parameter is optimized to ensure adequate print accuracy of the GPE. Using the optimized resin composition as material feedstock, shape-conformable 3D printed GPE exhibiting an ionic conductivity of 3.3 × 10−3 S·cm−1 at room temperature and a stability window up to 4.8 V vs. Na0/Na+ is obtained. In parallel, a composite ink loaded with Na0.44MnO2 and conductive additives is developed to 3D print via direct ink writing positive electrodes. After demonstrating the functionality of the independent 3D printed components in SIBs, the last part of this work is focused on combining the 3D printed Na0.44MnO2 electrode and the 3D printed GPE into the same battery cell to pave the way towards the manufacturing of a complete 3D printed battery thanks to different additive manufacturing processes.
Sample degradation and beam-induced damage in (synchrotron-based) electronic structure experiments
Authors: Vollmer Antje , Schlesinger Raphael , Frisch Johannes 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Synchrotron radiation-based methods, in particular photoemission spectroscopy, are very powerful tools for studying the electronic, chemical, and structural properties of materials and combinations of materials. Numerous experimental studies have been performed in the last decades using synchrotron radiation in physics, chemistry, material science, biology, medicine, and more. However, the advantage of high photon flux from synchrotron storage rings, which is beneficial or even crucial for many experiments, may impose new problems when sensitive samples are investigated, such as organic systems. They are prone to chemical changes when exposed to high photon fluxes. Here, we demonstrate how to identify beam-induced sample degradation and provide the best practice rules for reliable investigations and control experiments.
Emerging scientific and industrial applications of digital holography: an overview
Authors: Kumar Raj , Dwivedi Gaurav 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Holography is a technique to record and reconstruct three dimensional (3D) information without mandating lenses. Digital holography (DH) provides direct access to the complex amplitude of the reconstructed wavefront. This feature differentiates DH from other imaging techniques and enables it to provide quantitative information of the object under investigation. Advancements in technologies of digital image sensors, coherent sources, and computation algorithms and hardware, has paved the way of digital holographic systems for industrial applications. This work presents an overview of the scientific and industrial applications where DH can play an important role. Few of the applications of digital holographic systems in the industrial and scientific areas including microscopy, non-destructive testing, displays, environment, cloud and ocean studies are discussed.
A Ku-band LNA with 39.2 dB gain, 1.4 dB NF and shunt inductor-based matching network
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Ravichandran Sujatha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A low-noise amplifier (LNA) with minimum noise figure, improved gain, operating at Ku-band, and designed using 0.13 μm bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor(BiCMOS) technology is described in this article. BJT along with a matching network comprising of a shunt inductor is used for optimizing noise/impedance matching in the proposed common emitter (CE) LNA with inductive emitter degeneration. Thereby, achieving ultra-low NF and gain performance along with inbuilt ESD protection circuitry. Also, the detailed mathematical analysis of design steps, impact of impedance matching network on gain and NF performance of conventional and proposed CE LNA with inductive emitter degeneration are elaborated. This proposed LNA has demonstrated a maximum gain of 39.2 dB, almost static NF of 1.4 dB to 1.64 dB across a frequency bandwidth of 2 GHz from 15.2 GHz to 17.2 GHz. It has also demonstrated a figure-of-merit (FoM) of 18.42, IP
1dB
of −29.7 dBm at 16 GHz, a power intake of 24.2 mW, and layout space of 0.468 mm2.