bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiomics reveals the role of ENO1 in bladder cancer and constructs an epithelial-related prognostic model to predict prognosis and efficacy
Authors: Su Zhixiong , You Lijie , He Yufang , Chen Jingbo , Zhang Guifeng , Liu Zhenhua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background α-Enolase (ENO1) is a crucial molecular target for tumor therapy and has emerged as a research hotspot in recent decades. Here, we aimed to explore the role of ENO1 in bladder cancer (BLCA) and then construct a signature to predict the prognosis and treatment response of BLCA.Methods Differential expression, prognosis analysis and in vitro cell experiments were used to reveal the value of ENO1 in BLCA. The R package "Seurat" was used for single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA-seq) data processing. The R package “singleR” and cellMarker website were used to annotate cells. The FindAllMarkers function and “limma” were used to screen hub genes. Univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses were used to construct the signature. Differences in prognosis and treatment between high- and low-risk groups were investigated.Results ENO1 was highly expressed in BLCA tissues, as verified by IHC, and was associated with poor prognosis. The analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment by bulk sequencing and scRNA-seq showed that ENO1 was associated with CD8 + T-cell exhaustion. Additionally, the in vitro results showed that ENO1 could promote the proliferation and invasion of BLCA cells. Then, the analysis of epithelial cells (ECs) revealed that ENO1 might promote BLCA progression by metabolism, the cell cycle and some carcinogenic pathways. A total of 249 hub genes were obtained from differentially expressed genes between ENO1-related ECs, and we used LASSO analysis to construct a novel signature that not only accurately predicted the prognosis of BLCA patients but also predicted the response to treatment for BLCA. Finally, we constructed a nomogram to better guide clinical application.Conclusion Through multiomics analysis, we found that ENO1 was overexpressed in bladder cancer and associated with poor prognosis, CD8 + T-cell exhaustion and epithelial heterogeneity. Finally, the prognosis and treatment of patients can be well predicted by constructing an epithelial cell prognostic signature.
Experience-Dependent Neural Responses to Vocal Vibrato in Opera Singers
Authors: Bihari Adél , Nárai Ádám , Kleber Boris , Zsuga Judit , Hermann Petra , Vidnyánszky Zoltán 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Extensive research with musicians has shown that instrumental musical training can have a profound impact on how acoustic features are processed in the brain. However, less is known about the influence of singing training on neural activity during voice perception, particularly in response to salient acoustic features, such as the vocal vibrato in classical singing. To address this gap, the present study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain responses to recorded singing voices that either featured or lacked vibrato. Responses were compared between two distinct groups: operatically trained singers and musically untrained controls who had no musical or singing training. Results indicated that for trained classical singers, perception of vibrato led to differential fMRI activations in bilateral auditory cortical regions and the default mode network (DMN). In contrast, musically untrained controls exhibited differences only in bilateral auditory cortex. These results suggest that training in classical singing leads to experience-dependent neural changes that not only influence sensory processing but also activate self-referential networks in the brain, possibly through embodiment of the acoustic features associated with one's own singing style, such as vibrato.
Trend and variability analysis of long-term meteorological parameters for detecting climate change in Kolkata District, India
Authors: Paira Kanchan , Roy Ritisha , Ao Moatula , Mondal Brihaspati 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Assessing the temporal dynamics of weather parameters in the perspective of climate change, especially in an urban space characterized by tremendous demographic pressure, various anthropogenic activities, is imperative to examine climatological changes and recommend fruitful policies. Hence, trend and variability analysis wasapplied to examine the change of temperature and rainfall in Kolkata district applying the data of “climate Research Unit (CRU TS 4.04with 0.5° by 0.5° resolution)” and “NASA data access viewer” from 1902 to 2021. Data has been examined using “kurtosis”, “skewness”, and “coefficient of variation”, “anomaly index”, “precipitation concentration index. Furthermore, Spearman’s Rho test, Mann-Kendall test and Innovative trend analysis methods has been applied to detect the trend and variability. Both“Mann-Kendall and spearman’s Rho test”shown that the seasonal (summer and winter) and annual temperature is increasing significantly (P < 0.01), whereas the monthly data record revealed a significant (P < 0.01 and 0.05) rising trend of temperature in all months. The annual and monsoonal rainfall increased significantly. Innovative trend analysis slope recorded rising trend of temperature (+ 0.10) and rainfall (+ 1.67). Study does not found any uniform year (PCI = < 10) of precipitation, however, high (79years) and very high (25years) concentration of precipitation was observed. The variability of temperature implies high and positive outlier frequencies in January (+ 5.31), March (+ 33.5), April (+ 21.83), May (+ 46.00), September (+ 2.94), and seasonally in summer (+ 6.57) and winter (+ 7.89). Present study suggests the need tackle the rising temperature by making awareness about the global warming and its consequences on climate change.
Development and validation of a tool to assess hypertension and diabetes management in older adults within the National Essential Public Health Services Program (NEPHSP) in China
Authors: LIU Lu , LIU Meicen , YANG Linghe , ChEN Xinyue , LIU Yuanli , YOU Lili 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to develop and refine an assessment tool for assessing chronic disease management outcomes in older adults based on the National Essential Public Health Services Program (NEPHSP) in China, and to validate its reliability and validity.
Methods
The development of the assessment tool involved generating 40 potential items through a comprehensive review and logical model analysis of the NEPHSP. Data were collected through a survey conducted as part of the 10-year evaluation project of the NEPHSP in China, which took place from November to December 2019. The assessment tool was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficients and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to select and scale potential items, assess internal consistency, establish construct validity, evaluate convergent validity, and confirm discriminant validity.
Results
The assessment tool was structured around a second-order factor model comprising three domains: essential health services for all older adults, follow-up service for older adults with hypertension or diabetes, and self-assessment of patient experience satisfaction. After a two-step process, nine factors and twenty-nine items were selected, including elements such as 'health records and health education,' 'blood pressure/glucose monitoring,' and 'health coaching in follow-up,' among others. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were excellent, measuring at 0.899 and 0.906. The 29-item instruments demonstrated strong fits in both hypertension and diabetes models. Fit indices for the hypertension model included Bollen-Stine bootstrap χ²/df = 1.78, RMSEA = 0.03, and GFI = 0.97. For the diabetes model, the indices were Bollen-Stine bootstrap χ²/df = 1.38, RMSEA = 0.02, and GFI = 0.97. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed factor loadings ranging from 0.516 to 0.940 for the hypertension model and from 0.504 to 0.943 for the diabetes model. All three first-order factors were significantly correlated with each other (p < 0.01), and their correlation coefficients were lower than the square root of AVE. Models had favorable structural validity, convergent validity, and discriminant validity.
Conclusions
A valid and reliable assessment tool for evaluating hypertension and diabetes management in the older adults was successfully developed in China. This study provides robust evidence for the internal consistency reliability and structural validity of the tool. Furthermore, it serves as a foundational step for future tool refinement and holds promise for broader applications in essential public health and community healthcare program evaluations. However, further validation in these contexts is warranted.
European Economic Convergence in the 21st century. What can happen in the COVID19 crisis?
Authors: Samaniego Ana Bango , Fernández Aránzazu de Juan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Economic convergence is considered to be one of the main pillars of the EU Cohesion Policy. However, GDP per capita gaps can be observed between its Member States under the growing concern that this is due to structural rather than cyclical factors. There have been three main events that may have affected the economic convergence in the European Union in the current century: the Eastern enlargement in 2004, the 2008 crisis and the souvereign debt crisis and the pandemic crisis. The effects on economic convergence of this last event cannot be analyzed today but we can foresee what may happen if we analyze the effects on European economic convergence of the other two events. To do this, we apply different methods to analyze the EU convergence: β− and σ− convergence tests and the most powerful inverted beta (IB- MPI) test (de Juan and Arroyo, 2009b) to GDP per capita database for the European countries in order to test the convergence hypothesis. We consider different periods, 1970-2003, 2004-2021, 1970-2007 and 2008- 2021, to analyse if the economic convergence between the EU members has been affected by these events. This in-depth analysis can help to understand how the economic convergence was in the previous events and to foresee what can happen in the COVID19 crisis with the Next Generation EU funds.
JEL Codes: C12. C22. C52. F02
Benchmarking Android malware analysis tools
Authors: Higuera Javier Bermejo , Moreno Javier Morales , Higuera Juan Ramón Bermejo , Montalvo Juan Antonio Sicilia , Martillo Gustavo Javier Barreiro , Riera Tomas Miguel Sureda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Today, malware is arguably one of the biggest challenges organizations face from a cybersecurity standpoint, regardless of the types of devices used in the organization. One of the most malware-attacked mobile operating systems today is Android. In response to this threat, this paper presents research on the functionalities and performance of different malicious Android application package analysis tools including one that uses machine learning techniques. In addition, it investigates how the use of these tools streamlines the process of detection, classification, and analysis of malicious APKs for Android operating system devices. The tools, that use Artificial Intelligence techniques, are more efficient than other current tools that do not use them. In this way, new approaches can be suggested in the specification, design, and development of new tools that help to analyze, from a cybersecurity point of view, the code of applications developed for this environment.
Molecular characterisation of novel reassortment of the G57 genotype of low pathogenic avian influenza H9N2 virus isolated from poultry farms in Malaysia
Authors: Gunasekara Erandi Maheshika , Hair-Bejo M. , Aini I. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In late 2017, Malaysia reported repeated low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAI) H9N2 in commercial poultry flocks. However, the complete genome characterisation of the H9N2 viruses has not been studied. Two H9N2 viruses, A/chicken/Malaysia/Negeri Sembilan/UPM994/2018 and A/chicken/Malaysia/Johore/ UPM2033/2019 that were isolated from breeder and layer flocks in Peninsular Malaysia are characterised in this study. A phylogenetic analysis reveals that both viruses are multiple genotype reassortant strains with genes originating from Y280-like (HA gene), F/98-like (NS, NP and PA), G1-like (M and PB2) and Korean-like (PB1) lineages, indicating the viruses belong to a novel genotype divergent from the G57 lineage of Chinese origin. A deduced amino acid analysis reveals a dibasic cleavage site at position 333-PSRSSR-GLF-341 of HA gene cleavage locations. In conclusion, the characterised Malaysian H9N2 is a Y280-like virus resembling H9N2 isolated from Indonesia, Taiwan, Japan and Cambodia. However, the virus is of G57 lineage with a novel genotype of the PB1 gene originating from the Korean lineage H9N2 virus, which has not been detected before in the region.
Causal Associations between Sarcopenia Traits and Cognitive Impairment: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhang Hengfei , Wang Heng , Xie Yixu , Sang Xiaole 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Observational studies had indicated an association between cognitive impairment and sarcopenia, but high-quality causal effect evidence remained lacking. The purpose of this study is to determine the causal relationship between cognitive impairment and sarcopenia through a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary analytical approach to assess causal relationships. Additionally, we conducted sensitivity analyses using MR-Egger and weighted median to complement the IVW results. IVW analysis revealed that walking pace showed causal effects on cognitive performance (OR = 2.171, 95% C.I.: 1.696–2.779, P = 7.6×10− 10) and fluid intelligence (OR = 6.401, 95% C.I.: 3.573–11.467, P = 4.4×10− 10). Similar conclusions were drawn concerning the causal relationship between appendicular lean mass (ALM) with cognitive performance (OR = 1.099, 95% C.I.: 1.074–1.125, P = 1.1×10− 15) and fluid intelligence (OR = 1.237, 95% C.I.: 1.173–1.304, P = 3.1×10− 15). Furthermore, reverse MR analysis demonstrated that genetically predicted cognitive performance (OR = 1.106, 95% C.I.: 1.080–1.133, P = 2.1×10− 16) and fluid intelligence (OR = 1.049, 95% C.I.: 1.034–1.063, P = 1.7×10− 11) were causally associated with walking pace, and so as were ALM (OR = 1.163, 95% C.I.: 1.094–1.237, P = 1.4×10− 6 and OR = 1.066, 95% C.I.: 1.026–1.108, P = 0.0011, respectively). Our Mendelian randomization analysis supported a bidirectional causal effect between sarcopenia traits and cognitive impairment, which suggested the necessity for new therapy and prevention strategies for the corresponding patients. Further investigation is required to explore the individual effects of muscle strength, muscle mass, and physical performance on the cognitive function, as well as to uncover their underlying pathological mechanisms.
Isn't occupational therapy necessary in the Iberian Peninsula? A qualitative study.
Authors: Gayà-Barroso Aina , González-Moreno Juan , Rodríguez Adrián , Ripoll-Vera Tomás , López Inés Losada , Gili Margarita , Cisneros-Barroso Eugenia , Paneque Milena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Occupational therapy is part of integrated care/support in health services. However, there has been little research on how it is applied to rare diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the occupational therapy situation and services offered to patients diagnosed with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis in Portugal and Spain. A structured interview was carried out by an occupational therapist with six Portuguese occupational therapists and four Spanish occupational therapists in order to collect the opinions about the reality of occupational therapy. Four interrelated dimensions were addressed. The first was a general perspective on psychosocial resources in health care, addressing questions related to the interventions offered to patients; the second and third was an occupational perspective, asking questions about the role of occupational therapy in the Portuguese and Spanish psychosocial realities; and the fourth dimension was a social perspective that addressed questions about the role of occupational therapy in the Portuguese and Spanish psychosocial realities. All the questions asked in the study ranged from a general approach to a more specific one and were focused on patients diagnosed with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis. It was found that there were no occupational therapists currently providing therapeutic interventions to patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis in either Portugal or Spain. The results of the non-existence of occupational therapy services show that this group of patients does not have access to such a valid form of occupational intervention. This highlights the importance of developing and introducing the discipline of occupational therapy in the multidisciplinary approach, by creating potential strategies to promote its use.
A Theoretical Study of the Reactivity of 5- Fluorouracil toward Superoxide Radical Anion and Hydroperoxyl Radical
Authors: Nakayama Tatsushi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The reactivity of 5-fluoro-1H,3H-pyrimidine-2,4-dione (5-fluorouracil), which is widely used to treat cancer, toward superoxide radical anion (O2•−) and hydroperoxyl radical (HO2•) was investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. 5-Fluorouracil is a pyrimidine analog with cytotoxic effects on cancer cells and potential ecotoxicology as a recalcitrant compound to the natural environment, therefore, clarifying its chemical degradation mechanism is difficult by way of in vivo and in vitro experiments but important for further usage. The DFT results clarified that the oxidation of 5-fluorouracil by O2•− or HO2• in water is feasible through a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism. In addition, two PCET pathways are proposed, the initial proton transfer followed by a concerted PCET between 5-fluorouracil and O2•−, and a concerted PCET between 5-fluorouracil and HO2• preformed via the protonation of O2•−. In each pathway, the amine groups at the first and third positions of 5-FU act as reaction sites for the concerted PCET after forming a prereactive complex via a hydrogen bond. Considering that the actual oxidant along the PCET pathways is HO2• with a short lifetime, the biodegradability of 5-FU by O2•− (HO2•) is governed by the complex formation step before the concerted PCET.
Unraveling Flow Pathways in Fractured Basalt under Challenging Environmental Conditions: A Synergistic Approach of Electrical Resistivity Tomography and Seismic Refraction Imaging
Authors: Gemail Khaled S. , Ghoneimi Ashraf , Shebl Salah , Soliman Shokry , El-Sayed Kareem , Saleh Ahmed H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The understanding of the site conceptual flow model in fractured-controlled aquifers near landfills and open dumpsites is a challenge for monitoring groundwater pollution as it answers several key issues related to environmental processes. In such hazardous environments, it is essential to define the hydrogeological processes and identify the potential pathways for contamination migration near the dumping sites. Thus, the understanding of fractured basalt characterization with suitable spatial resolution is one of the interesting issues and still open areas of research. This study investigates the potential of combining Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and Seismic Refraction Imaging (SRI) techniques for understanding a site conceptual flow model in fractured basalt under a hazardous environment. The research was conducted in an area with a history of environmental contamination, where fractured basalt serves as a major pathway for the migration of pollutants.
In the considered case study, the SRI identifies a shallow water table and attests that the contact of the saturated fractured basalt (1200–1850 m/s) and the massive basalts (>3000m/s) is highly heterogeneous. In addition, the presence of NW conductive and interflow zones (5-10 Ωm) at depths of 5 to 12 m, which could provide a vertical hydraulic connection with the lower aquifer, allows the local percolation of the leachate in the area around the dumpsites. These results show the advantage of the applied approach for delineating the strikes of the prevailing fracture patterns and clarifying the pollution situation at typical composite landfills worldwide. Accordingly, the site conceptual flow model is critical for improving the understanding of hydrogeological and transport processes in such hazardous environments to achieve sustainable management of groundwater resources, as well as for the monitoring of remediation performance.
Effect of Ankle Position on Hamstrings Stiffness and Flexibility during Static Stretching Observational study: Effect of ankle position on hamstring stretching
Authors: Mengtong Chen , Yuting Zhang , Hongxiu Liu , Yanan He , Yuanchao Li , Peifeng Shen , Yiming Chen , Chunlong Liu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective: Static stretching has been used to improve hamstring flexibility. We investigated the effects of static stretching with the ankle in plantar-flexed(PF), neutral, and dorsiflexed(DF) positions on the stiffness and flexibility of the semitendinosus(ST), biceps femoris(BF), and medial head of the gastrocnemius (MG), and lateral head of the gastrocnemius (LG) muscles.
Methods: Fifty-four healthy adult females were recruited for this study and entered into the ankle plantarflexion, neutral, and dorsiflexion position groups according to randomisation, with muscle stiffness measured using MyotonPRO before and after stretching. Passive hip flexion and active knee extension mobility were measured to assess flexibility.
Results: Hamstring and gastrocnemius stiffness decreased significantly after stretching (ST, BF, MG, LG: P<0.001), there was no difference in ankle position on the change of decrease in hamstring stiffness (P>0.05); hamstring stiffness had the highest rate of change in plantarflexion and greater range of motion in comparison to neutral and dorsiflexion positions; passive hip flexion and active knee extension activity increased significantly (P <0.001), and there was a low correlation between decreased ST stiffness and increased passive hip flexion activity (r=0.275, P=0.044).
Conclusion: Static stretching should be performed with the ankle in plantarflexion to reduce hamstring stiffness and improve flexibility.