bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supercavity Modes Excited by Bessel‐Type Plasmon Polaritons
Authors: Peng Ruiguang , Wen Jingda , Gan Yuner , Zhao Qian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh‐index dielectric resonators are favorable to enhance light‐matter interaction with the advantages of low loss and multipolar resonances. However, realizing a high‐Q factor in a single dielectric cavity remains a challenge especially in lossy systems such as that in plasmonics. Here, the resonant modes of a dielectric cylinder excited is explored by bessel‐type plasmon polaritons and reveal the general dependence of its eigenfrequency on the physical size. Based on this fundamental a universal and robust approach is proposed to find the high‐Q supercavity modes, which arise in the vicinity of the resonance crossing features of two coupled resonant modes in the same radiation channel. Following the proposed principle, one cannot only construct a series of high‐Q modes, but also predict their corresponding size parameters and resonant frequencies without relying on the heavy computations of parameter scanning. Such high‐Q mode can be easily extended from visible wavelengths to other frequency regime due to scale invariance of the eigenfrequency and the insensitivity of the Q‐factor to the permittivity (real part) of the plasmonic substrate. The findings provide guideline for the engineering of high‐Q modes and may open up a pathway to design resonant meta‐optics devices in lossy dielectric‐metal composite system.
Advancements in High‐Throughput Screening and Machine Learning Design for 2D Ferromagnetism: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Xin Chao , Song Bingqian , Jin Guangyong , Song Yongli , Pan Feng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract2D intrinsic magnetic materials possess unique physical properties distinct from bulk materials, providing an ideal research platform for the development of low‐dimensional spintronics. The traditional approach to developing new materials involves a “trial‐and‐error” method, which is inherently flawed due to long development cycles and high costs. In recent years, with the rapid improvement in computational power, the high throughput (HTP) first‐principles calculation based on density functional theory (DFT) and machine learning (ML) method have provided a highly effective means for the design of novel intrinsic ferromagnetic materials and the study of their magnetic properties. This article reviews the recent research progress in 2D ferromagnetic materials, with particular emphasis on the significant role played by HTP first‐principles calculations and ML in the exploration and fabrication of two‐dimension ferromagnetic (2DFM) materials. Finally, the future development and challenges of 2DFM materials are discussed.
Rational Materials and Structure Design for Improving the Performance and Durability of High Temperature Proton Exchange Membranes (HT‐PEMs)
Authors: Song Jingnan , Zhao Wutong , Zhou Libo , Meng Hongjie , Wang Haibo , Guan Panpan , Li Min , Zou Yecheng , Feng Wei , Zhang Ming , Zhu Lei , He Ping , Liu Feng , Zhang Yongming 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHydrogen energy as the next‐generation clean energy carrier has attracted the attention of both academic and industrial fields. A key limit in the current stage is the operation temperature of hydrogen fuel cells, which lies in the slow development of high‐temperature and high‐efficiency proton exchange membranes. Currently, much research effort has been devoted to this field, and very innovative material systems have been developed. The authors think it is the right time to make a short summary of the high‐temperature proton exchange membranes (HT‐PEMs), the fundamentals, and developments, which can help the researchers to clearly and efficiently gain the key information. In this paper, the development of key materials and optimization strategies, the degradation mechanism and possible solutions, and the most common morphology characterization techniques as well as correlations between morphology and overall properties have been systematically summarized.
A Review on the Features and Progress of Silicon Anodes‐Based Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Song Amin , Zhang Wujiu , Guo Haotian , Dong Lei , Jin Ting , Shen Chao , Xie Keyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdvanced battery systems based on solid electrolytes promise superior energy storage performance and better security than current liquid electrolytes‐based Li‐ion batteries (LiBs). Li‐metal anode solid‐state batteries (SSBs) have been extensively studied, but chemically active Li seems to be incompatible with SSB systems featuring high safety and stability. This contradiction runs through the whole process of electrode fabrication, cell stacking, and battery operation. Poor chemical stability in air results in high manufacturing costs, dendritic formation, and uncontrolled interfacial reactions, increasing the risk of thermal runaway. Silicon anodes, characterized by high capacity, low working potential, mild chemical properties, and abundant natural resources, have been successfully applied in commercial liquid battery systems. Research on Si anodes‐based SSBs (Si‐SSBs) is of great significance given that the rapid development of energy storage field has put forward higher demands for energy density and safety. However, publications that comprehensively summarize studies of Si‐SSBs, from fundamentals to practical applications are scarce. Therefore, this review is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of current research, involving the material, electrode, cell, and battery package of Si‐SSBs, and then propose prospects for the future direction of scientific research and industrial development of SSBs.
Atlantoaxial instability associated with ALDH18A1 mutation
Authors: Lucas Alexandra T. , Lin Angela E. , Cohen Andrew , Muñoz William , Kahle Kristopher T. , Shin John H. , Buch Karen , Sahai Inderneel , Carroll Ryan W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe report a 10‐year‐old boy with a de novo pathogenic variant in ALDH18A1, a rare form of metabolic cutis laxa, which was complicated by atlantoaxial instability and spinal cord compression following a fall from standing height. The patient required emergent cervical spine fusion and decompression followed by a 2‐month hospitalization and rehabilitation. In addition to the core clinical features of joint and skin laxity, hypotonia, and developmental delays, we expand the connective tissue phenotype by adding a new potential feature of cervical spine instability. Patients with pathogenic variants in ALDH18A1 may warrant cervical spine screening to minimize possible morbidity. Neurosurgeons, geneticists, primary care providers, and families should be aware of the increased risk of severe cervical injury from minor trauma.
Understanding conviviality in Australian suburbs with high Muslim concentrations: A qualitative case study in Melbourne
Authors: Dekker Karien , Haw Ashleigh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article explores the concept of conviviality: the practice and negotiation of sharing space in suburbs with diverse populations. Australia has a growing Muslim population and reports of Islamophobia remain widespread. While there is some evidence, however, that forming intercultural connections can foster more positive attitudes toward religious minority groups, we know little about how Muslim and non‐Muslim communities share space in Australia. This paper presents the findings of a qualitative investigation into how conviviality is perceived in Australian suburbs with high concentrations of Muslim residents. Following qualitative, thematic analysis of 15 interviews with multicultural service providers who work with Muslims in Melbourne, Victoria, we conclude that conviviality is fostered by a sense of community between people who share similar backgrounds as well as increased opportunities to form intercultural social connections. We discuss the scholarly and policy implications of these findings, with consideration of existing arguments about the practices of sharing space in Australian cities.
Influence of amyloid and diagnostic syndrome on non‐traditional memory scores in early‐onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Bushnell Justin , Hammers Dustin B. , Aisen Paul , Dage Jeffrey L. , Eloyan Ani , Foroud Tatiana , Grinberg Lea T. , Iaccarino Leonardo , Jack Clifford R. , Kirby Kala , Kramer Joel , Koeppe Robert , Kukull Walter A. , La Joie Renaud , Mundada Nidhi S. , Murray Melissa E. , Nudelman Kelly , Rumbaugh Malia , Soleimani‐Meigooni David N. , Toga Arthur , Touroutoglou Alexandra , Vemuri Prashanthi , Atri Alireza , Day Gregory S. , Duara Ranjan , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Honig Lawrence S. , Jones David T. , Masdeu Joseph , Mendez Mario , Musiek Erik , Onyike Chiadi U. , Riddle Meghan , Rogalski Emily , Salloway Steven , Sha Sharon , Turner Raymond S. , Wingo Thomas S. , Wolk David A. , Carrillo Maria C. , Dickerson Bradford C. , Rabinovici Gil D. , Apostolova Liana G. , Clark David G. ,   the LEADS Consortium
Published: September 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) is a useful neuropsychological test for describing episodic memory impairment in dementia. However, there is limited research on its utility in early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD). We assess the influence of amyloid and diagnostic syndrome on several memory scores in EOAD.METHODSWe transcribed RAVLT recordings from 303 subjects in the Longitudinal Early‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study. Subjects were grouped by amyloid status and syndrome. Primacy, recency, J‐curve, duration, stopping time, and speed score were calculated and entered into linear mixed effects models as dependent variables.RESULTSCompared with amyloid negative subjects, positive subjects exhibited effects on raw score, primacy, recency, and stopping time. Inter‐syndromic differences were noted with raw score, primacy, recency, J‐curve, and stopping time.DISCUSSIONRAVLT measures are sensitive to the effects of amyloid and syndrome in EOAD. Future work is needed to quantify the predictive value of these scores.Highlights
RAVLT patterns characterize various presentations of EOAD and EOnonAD
Amyloid impacts raw score, primacy, recency, and stopping time
Timing‐based scores add value over traditional count‐based scores
Supramolecular Memristor Based on Bistable [2]Catenanes: Toward High‐Density and Non‐Volatile Memory Devices
Authors: Xie Yu , Wang Cai‐Yun , Chen Ningyue , Cao Zhou , Wu Guangcheng , Yin Bangchen , Li Yuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe ever‐increasing demand for data storage and neuromorphic computing calls for innovative, high‐density solutions, such as resistive random‐access memory (RRAM). However, the integration of resistive switching and rectification at the nanoscale remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we introduce a bistable [2]catenane‐based supramolecular junction that simultaneously functions as a resistive switch and a diode. All supramolecular junctions are highly stable and reproducible over thousands of resistive switching cycles, because the nano‐confinement of two mechanically interlocked rings can stabilize the radical states of pyridinium moieties under ambient conditions. The successful realization of supramolecular junctions in functionality with a thickness of approximately 2 nm presents a promising avenue for the development of molecule‐scale based RRAM for a better solution to high density and energy efficiency.
Superparamagnetic Composite Nanobeads Anchored with Molecular Glues for Ultrasensitive Label‐free Proteomics
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Ghalandari Behafarid , Wang Aiting , Li Sijie , Chen Youming , Wang Qingwen , Jiang Lai , Ding Xianting 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMass spectrometry has emerged as a mainstream technique for label‐free proteomics. However, proteomic coverage for trace samples is constrained by adsorption loss during repeated elution at sample pretreatment. Here, we demonstrated superparamagnetic composite nanoparticles functionalized with molecular glues (MGs) to enrich proteins in trace human biofluid. We showed high protein binding (>95 %) and recovery (≈90 %) rates by anchor‐nanoparticles. We further proposed a Streamlined Workflow based on Anchor‐nanoparticles for Proteomics (SWAP) method that enabled unbiased protein capture, protein digestion and pure peptides elution in one single tube. We demonstrated SWAP to quantify over 2500 protein groups with 100 HEK 293T cells. We adopted SWAP to profile proteomics with trace aqueous humor samples from cataract (n=15) and wet age‐related macular degeneration (n=8) patients, and quantified ≈1400 proteins from 5 μL aqueous humor. SWAP simplifies sample preparation steps, minimizes adsorption loss and improves protein coverage for label‐free proteomics with previous trace samples.
Two different routes to prepare porous biodegradable composite membranes containing nanoclay
Authors: Zanini Noelle C. , Ferreira Rafaela R. , Barbosa Rennan F. S. , de Souza Alana G. , Camani Paulo H. , Oliveira Sueli A. , Mulinari Daniella R. , Rosa Derval S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe method employed for membrane preparation and nanoparticle incorporation in membrane systems can affect their properties. This work aims to compare the better strategy to obtain membranes from the preparation of PBAT [Poly(butylene adipate co‐terephthalate)] containing nanoclay Cloisite® 20A (C20A) (0, 0.5, and 1 wt.%) by combined Evaporation/Non‐solvent Induced Phase Separation (EIPS/NIPS) or dip coating methods. The SEM, TGA, contact angle measurements, FTIR, XRD, mechanical testing, and cost analysis characterized EIPS/NIPS to dip coating membranes. EIPS/NIPS membranes had smaller pores (0.3–0.5 μm), with a more homogeneous pore diameter distribution due to C20A nanoclay insertion. PBAT/0.5% C20AEIPS/NIPSwas the more hydrophilic membrane (37°) with better mechanical properties proven by statistical analysis. The cost analysis showed that EIPS/NIPS membranes production cost per square meter (m2) was lower (US$ 73.4–73.8) than dip coating (US$ 89.0–99.2). The EIPS/NIPS method was the most economically and statistically advantageous, and its properties can favor future applications for PTEs removal in aqueous media.
Ecomorphology and sensory biology of bats
Authors: Smith Timothy D. , Santana Sharlene E. , Eiting Thomas P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis special issue of The Anatomical Record is inspired by and dedicated to Professor Kunwar P. Bhatnagar, whose lifelong interests in biology, and long career studying bats, inspired many and advanced our knowledge of the world's only flying mammals. The 15 articles included here represent a broad range of investigators, treading topics familiar to Prof. Bhatnagar, who was interested in seemingly every aspect of bat biology. Key topics include broad themes of bat development, sensory systems, and specializations related to flight and diet. These articles paint a complex picture of the fascinating adaptations of bats, such as rapid fore limb development, ear morphologies relating to echolocation, and other enhanced senses that allow bats to exploit niches in virtually every part of the world. In this introduction, we integrate and contextualize these articles within the broader story of bat ecomorphology, providing an overview of each of the key themes noted above. This special issue will serve as a springboard for future studies both in bat biology and in the broader world of mammalian comparative anatomy and ecomorphology.
Virtuous search: A framework for intellectual virtue in online search
Authors: Gorichanaz Tim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a conceptual framework for the intellectual virtues in the context of online search. Intellectual virtues are dispositions and skills that enable good thinking and wise reasoning, such as intellectual humility and attentiveness. Despite their importance, today the intellectual virtues tend to be underdeveloped across society. In light of the institutional role that online search plays in life today, there is an opportunity (perhaps an obligation) for online search to facilitate the development of intellectual virtue. The framework presented in this paper locates this development in three areas: the Searcher, the System, and Society. Major issues in information ethics and virtue epistemology are discussed for each of these areas, leading to recommendations for education, design, and research. This paper provides specific suggestions in this regard along with an agenda for future research at the intersection of ethics, epistemology, and online search.
Exploring the Divergent Reactivity of Vinyl Radicals Emanating from Alkynes and Thiols via Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Kumar Sourav , Ali Shah Bhahwal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganic chemistry has seen a surge in visible‐light‐driven transformations, which offer unique reaction pathways and access to new synthetic possibilities. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of state‐of‐the‐art photo‐mediated alkyne functionalization, with a focus on the reactive behavior of vinyl radicals. This review outlines our contributions to the field, including developing new methods for forming carbon‐carbon and carbon‐heteroatom bonds.
Über die kathodische Reduktion der Ketone am Beispiele des Menthons
Authors: Schall C. , Kirst W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDer elektrolytische Reduktionsverlauf des von Law nur kurz untersuchten Menthons ergab bei l‐Menthon an möglichst reinen Pb, Hg, Cd in saurer Lösung durchweg, und hierin abweichend von den Tafelschen Erfahrungen mit Caffein, Succinimid, keine Depolarisation (außer schwach an Cu). Sondern Anstieg bis zu einem Maximum des Kathodenpotentials (bei Cd verlangsamt gegen Pb, Hg) und Abfall bei Menthonverarmung. Ähnlich das Verhalten des Tafelschen Nutzeffektes.An präpiertem Pb entstand wesentlich l‐Menthol, an rauhem blanken Menthan (ohne Diaphragma erheblichere Pinakonerzeugung), an Cd in starker Säure fast ausschließlich Hexahydrocymol bis zu guter Strom‐ und Stoffausbeute gewinnbar. Die Isolation des neben erwähnten Produkten (je nach Temperatur, Stromstärke und Säure an Hg) zu erhaltenden, sehr zersetzlichen Hg‐Dimenthyls gelang durch ein eigentümliches Verhalten desselben, die Identifikation z. T. mikroanalytisch. Leicht Menthen und kathodisch Menthan liefernd.Anzeichen des Auftretens noch instabilerer entsprechender Menthylmetalle an Pb, Cd‐Kathoden mit analoger Zersetzung führten zu einer allgemeinen Vorstellung über Radikalbildung bei H‐Anlagerung an Carbonylverbindungen. Als weitere Folgerung zu einer neuen Anschauung über Organometallentstehung als Kohlenwasserstoffquelle bei dieser Hydrierung, somit zu einem Beitrag zur Theorie der Reduktion überhaupt.
Über Die Geschwindigkeit der Wasserstoffionen in Gelen unter Stromwirkung
Authors: Isgarischew N. , Pomeranzewa A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract1. Es wurde die Wanderungsgeschwindigkeit der H· im Gelatinegel unter Stromwirkung untersucht in Gegenwart von verschiedenen Elektrolyten bei verschiedenen Versuchsbedingungen.2. Es wurde eine eigentümliche „Trägheit”︁ der H· beim Übergang von einer Stromspannung zur andern beobachtet und diese Erscheinung dadurch erklärt, daß das Gel eine starre Struktur besitzt, in der auch Ionen einbegriffen sind, die ihren freien Zustand und ihre Fähigkeit zur fortschreitenden Bewegung teilweise verloren haben, wobei diese Struktur von der angewandten Spannung abhängig ist.3. Der Einfluß der verschiedenen Kationen im Gel auf die Bewegung der H· steht in direktem Zusammenhang mit den Atomvolumina der betreffenden Kationen.4. Es wurde versucht, den Mechanismus und die Ursache der Wirkung der Atomvolumina in ausführlicher Weise aufzuklären.Die Arbeit wird fortgesetzt.
Elektrokristallisation von Metallen
Authors: Fischer Hellmuth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhänomenologie der Elektrokristallisation: Einteilung in Formtypen. — Die Wachstumsschicht als Grundform. — Aktiver und inaktiver Teil der Kathodenoberfläche.Theorie der Elektrokristallisation: Zeitlicher Ablauf des Abscheidungsmechanismus. — Diskussion der bekannten Theorien. — Mechanismus der Abscheidungsvorgänge an den aktiven und an den inaktiven Flächen der Wachstumsschicht und ihre Bedeutung für das Gesamtgeschehen. — Einfluß der Metall liefernden Ionen.
Die Rolle der Elektronenkonfiguration bei der elektrolytischen Abscheidung aus wäßrigen Lösungen IV. Äthylendiamin‐Komplexe des Kobalts
Authors: Lyons Ernest H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDie Kobaltabscheidung aus dem„inner orbital”︁ Komplex (1) des Hexamminkobalt (III)‐Ions ist mit der die Reduktion zum zweiwertigen Kobalt begleitenden Umwandlung in einen„outer orbital”︁ Komplex verknüpft. Dieser erste Schritt der Reduktion ist, wie zu erwarten, irreversibel. In Gegenwart eines großen Überschusses von Äthylendiamin wird er jedoch reversibel. Es ist deshalb zu vermuten, daß durch den Überschuß des chelatbildenden Agens das Triäthylendiamin‐kobalt (II)‐Ion stabilisiert wird und einen inner orbital Komplex bildet. Die Beobachtung, daß die Reduktion zum metallischen Kobalt immer noch möglich ist, weist jedoch darauf hin, daß auch ein outer orbital Komplex des zweiwertigen Kobalts anwesend ist. Es wird eine Theorie vorgeschlagen, nach der der inner orbital Komplex in dem Maße in den outer orbital Komplex übergeht, wie dieser durch Abscheidung verbraucht wird, dabei aber stets in so hoher Konzentration erhalten bleibt, daß die Kinetik des ersten Reduktionsschrittes dadurch bestimmt ist.
Die Kinetik der Reaktion von ClO2 mit NO2 in der Lösungsphase
Authors: Martin H. , Gareis R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDer die Geschwindigkeit der Gasreaktion

bestimmende Schritt

benötigt trotz des langsamen Ablaufs der Reaktion bei Zimmertemperatur eine Aktivierungsenergie von nur 11 kcal. Das Ergebnis läßt sich auf der Grundlage der klassischen Stoßtheorie nicht ohne Zusatzannahmen, auf der Grundlage der Theorie der absoluten Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit (Eyring) jedoch ohne solche verstehen. Dieser Befund wird durch Untersuchung der Reaktion in der Lösungsphase und Vergleich mit der Gasphasenreaktion bestätigt.
Über den Mechanismus und die Kinetik der Farbkupplung von p‐Amino‐N‐dialkylanilinen in wäßriger Lösung
Authors: Eggers J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn einem Überblick werden die bisherigen Anschauungen über den Mechanismus der oxydativen Farbkupplung wiedergegeben.Nach Beschreibung der Methoden zur Untersuchung der Oxydations‐ und Kupplungsreaktion werden die aus den experimentellen Werten ermittelten Konzentrationsverhältnisse mit kinetischen Gleichungen verglichen, welche unter der Voraussetzung eines bestimmten Reaktionsmechanismus aufgestellt wurden. Durch Vergleich des zeitlichen Verlaufs der Farbbildungsgeschwindigkeit bei Verwendung von Kupplern, welche an der Kupplungesstelle mit Halogen oder der Sulfogruppe substituiert sind, mit der Zeitabhängigkeit der Konzentrationen der Oxydationsprodukte des p‐Amino‐N‐diäthylanilins kann entschieden werden, welches der oxydationsprodukte bei der oxydativen Farbkupplung unter den angegebenen Verhältnissen kuppelt.