bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast Reconstruction Following Mastectomy for Breast Cancer or Prophylactic Mastectomy-Therapeutic Options and Results
Authors: Simion Laurentiu , Petrescu Ina , Chitoran Elena , Rotaru Vlad , Cirimbei Ciprian , Ionescu Sinziana Octavia , Stefan Daniela-Cristina , Luca Dan , Stanculeanu Dana Lucia , Gheorghe Adelina Silvana , Doran Horia , Dogaru Ioana Mihaela 
Published: August 2023

(1) Importance of problem: Breast cancer accounted for 685.000 deaths globally in 2020, and half of all cases occur in women with no specific risk factor beside gender and age-group. During last 4 decades we see a reduction by 40% of age-standardized breast cancer [1], which in turn means that the number of mastectomies performed for younger women increased, raising the need for adequate breast reconstructive surgery. Advances in oncological treatment have made it possible to limit the extent of what represents radical surgery for breast cancer, yet in the past decade, we see a marked trend toward mastectomy in breast conserving surgery eligible patients [2]. Prophylactic mastectomy has also registered an upward trend [3,4]. This trend together with new indication for breast reconstruction like chest feminization in transgender patients [5] have increased the need for breast reconstruction surgery. (2) Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the types of reconstructive procedures, their indications, their limitations, their functional results and the safety profiles when used during the integrated treatment plan of the oncologic patient; (3) Methods: We conducted an extensive literature review of the main reconstructive techniques, especially the autologous procedures, summarized the findings and presented a few cases from our own experience for exemplification of the usage of breast reconstruction in oncologic patients. (4) Conclusions: Breast reconstruction has become a necessary step in the treatment of most breast cancers and many reconstructive techniques are now routinely practiced. Microsurgical techniques are considered the &quot;gold standard&quot;, but they are not accessible to all services, from a technical or financial point of view, so pediculated flaps remain the safe and reliable option, along with alloplastic procedures, to improve the quality of life of these patients.
Comparison of Automated Keratometer and Scheimpflug Tomography for Predicting Refractive Astigmatism in Pseudophakic Eyes
Authors: Na Kyung-Sun , Savini Giacomo , Whang Woong-joo , Næser Kristian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To analyze the correspondence between refractive astigmatism and corneal astigmatism in pseudophakic eyes with non-toric intraocular lenses.
Setting: Yeouido St. Mary hospital, Seoul, South Korea
Design: Evaluation of a diagnostic test instrument.
Methods: This retrospective study included 95 eyes of 95 patients. Corneal astigmatism was measured with an automated keratometer (RK-5, Canon) and Scheimpflug tomography (Pentacam HR, Oculus). Refractive astigmatism was compared to keratometric astigmatism (based on anterior corneal measurements only), Equivalent K Reading and total corneal astigmatism (both based on anterior and posterior corneal measurements). Vector analysis was carried out by Næser’s polar value method. The accuracy was defined as the average magnitude of the vectorial difference in astigmatism (DA). Each corneal measurement was optimized in retrospect by a multiple linear regression equation between refractive and corneal astigmatism.
Results: Keratometric astigmatism overestimated with-the-rule (WTR) refractive astigmatism and underestimated against-the-rule (ATR) refractive astigmatism. Several measurements based on both corneal surfaces values did not show any statistically significant difference with respect to refractive astigmatism. The mean corneal astigmatism by total corneal refractive power (TCRP) at 4.0 mm (zone/pupil) produced the lowest mean arithmetic DA and the highest percentage of eyes with a DA ≤0.50 diopter. After optimization, the accuracies of automated KA and TCRP 4.0 mm (zone/pupil) were similar.
Conclusions: Total corneal astigmatism measured by the Scheimpflug tomography at 4.0 mm zone centered on pupil, accurately reflects the refractive astigmatism in pseudophakic eyes. However, the accuracy of total corneal astigmatism is not different from automated KA after optimization.
Cooperative Path Planning for Object Transportation with Fault Management
Authors: K Sindhuja , Sahu Bandita , Das Pardipta , Kumar Raghvendra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The current research intents on enhancing the service ability of mobile robot by cooperative path planning. The strategy is developed by fusion of sine cosine algorithm and particle swarm optimization approach for the transition of service robot in complex environment. To ensure the successful execution of the intended task it is essential to have a faultless and collision-less path for the mobile robot. This supposition can be achieved by producing an intelligent fault-managed approach. The proposed paper addresses the object transportation by a pair of robots from source to destination, this task can be accomplished in three step, such as fault identification, fault resolution using robot replacement and computation of a collision-less path. At each step of transition, path planning is carried out to reach the target location. Sine cosine algorithm improves the exploration capability of the robots in the multi robot environment. Particle swarm optimization being the simplest technique to exercise the path planning problem produces an optimal global position for each particle along each dimension. The fusion of both provides a balance exploration-exploitation ability of the mobile robot. Fault identification overcomes the faulty transition and unsuccessful transition of the robot by detecting the fault of any robot through its non-responding time. K- nearest neighbor approach identifies the nearest working robot to replace the faulty on. The algorithm has been exercised in C language to showcase its capability in terms of execution time, path traveled, path deviated etc. The comparative analysis proofs the supremacy of the proposed algorithm in terms of several metrics such as path planning, cooperation, fault management, etc.
Sonochemical-assisted synthesis combined with the plant-mediated approach for efficient and green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles: Study the effect of extraction techniques and comparative evaluation of some biological activities
Authors: Rajabi Hamid Reza , Alvand Zinab Moradi , Mirzaei Ali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The present study reported a green approach for sonochemical-assisted synthesis (SAS) of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) by using the aqueous extract of the fruit of the Ficus Johannis plant. The aqueous extract was obtained using ultrasonic-assisted extraction (15 min, 45°C) and microwave-assisted extraction (15 min, 450 w). Next, the as-prepared aqueous extracts were used in a plant-mediated approach to synthesize CuO NPs. The synthesized CuO NPs have been characterized via different techniques including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), ultraviolet-visible absorption, photoluminescence, and Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic techniques. As observed, a broad absorption band around 375 nm clarified the successful synthesis of CuO NPs. From the SEM analysis, the average particle size of the prepared CuO NPs was estimated below 50 nm. Afterward, the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antifungal properties of the aqueous plant extracts and the as-prepared CuO NPs were evaluated by different assays. These included the release of protein, nucleic acids, disk diffusion method, also minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and time-killing assays.
Landscape-scale drivers of spatial dynamics and genetic diversity in an emerging wildlife pathogen
Authors: Saenz Veronica , Byrne Allison Q. , Ohmer Michel E. B. , Hammond Talisin T. , Brannelly Laura A. , Altman Karie A. , Kosowsky Miranda , Nordheim Caitlin L. , Rosenblum Erica Bree , Richards-Zawacki Corinne L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aquatic pathogens often cannot tolerate drying, and thus their spread and diversity across a landscape may depend on interactions between hydrological conditions and the movement of infected hosts. The aquatic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a nearly ubiquitous pathogen of amphibians and particular lineages have been associated with host declines. By coupling amphibian surveys with molecular pathogen detection and genotyping techniques, we characterized the spatial dynamics and genetic diversity of Bd on a landscape containing both permanent and ephemeral ponds. At the start of spring breeding, Bd prevalence and load were lower on amphibians sampled from ephemeral ponds and the first amphibians to arrive at these ponds were species that breed in ephemeral ponds and likely emerged infected from terrestrial hibernacula. However, species from permanent ponds, which later visited the ephemeral ponds, had a greater prevalence and load of Bd, suggesting that migrants among ponds also move Bd across the landscape. The Bd we sampled was genetically diverse but showed little genetic structure among ponds, host species, or seasons. Taken together, our findings suggest that Bd can be diverse even at small scales and moves readily across a landscape with help from its hosts.
An adjustable, safe and highly protective live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine based on large-scale one-to-stop codon modifications
Authors: Beer Martin , Schön Jacob , Barut Güliz , Trüeb Bettina , Halwe Nico , Veiga Inês , Kratzel Annika , Ulrich Lorenz , Kelly Jenna , Brügger Melanie , Wylezich Claudia , Taddeo Adriano , Moreira Etori , Túrós Péter , Grau-Roma Llorenç , Ahrens Ann Kathrin , Schlottau Kore , Britzke Tobias , Breithaupt Angele , Exteves Blandina , Almeida Lea , Thomann Lisa , Devisme Christelle , Stadler Hanspeter , Steiner Silvio , Ochsenbein Sarah , Schmied Kimberly , Labroussaa Fabien , Jores Jörg , V´kovski Philip , Cmiljanovic Vladimir , Alves Maro , Benarafa Charaf , Hoffmann Donata , Ebert Nadine , Thiel Volker 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Vaccines are the most effective measure against COVID-19. However, novel and highly efficacious vaccines with simplified administration and broad immunogenicity, providing systemic and mucosal immunity are needed. Here, we show the development of live-attenuated vaccines (LAV) based on (i) recoding the SARS-CoV-2 genome to enrich for "one-to-stop" (OTS) codons, (ii) facilitating host responses by disabling non-structural-protein-1 (Nsp1) mediated translational repression, and deletion of open reading frames (ORF) 6, 7ab and 8, and (iii) deleting the spike polybasic cleavage site (PCS) to reduce LAV replication in the lung and prevent vaccine shedding. The OTS-modified SARS-CoV-2 LAV is adjustable regarding the level of attenuation, particularly vulnerable to mutagenic antiviral drugs, and protects efficiently against wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2 and recent variants of concern (VOC) in K18-hACE2 transgenic mice and Syrian hamsters. Furthermore, LAV immunization results in faster virus clearance after SARS-CoV-2 challenge compared to mRNA vaccines, a complete block of transmission of WT SARS-CoV-2, and significantly reduced transmission of Omicron BA.2 and BA.5 variants. Overall, the newly developed OTS-based LAVs represent a new generation of live vaccines that are intranasal administered at the natural site of infection, provide efficient and innovative infection control, and conceptionally are readily applicable to many other emerging viruses.
The association of multimorbidity of metabolic syndrome and depression on type 2 diabetes: A general population cohort study in Southwest China
Authors: Tian Kunming , Zhou Shiyu , Zhai Bin , Luo Lei , Deng Renli , Dai Mi , Dai Xingyu , Wang Yiying , Chen Shaolin , Liu Tao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Metabolic syndrome(MetS) and depression are independently associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) risk. However, little is known about the combined effect of MetS and depression on the risk of T2DM. The present study aims to prospectively explore the effect of MetS together with depression on T2DM susceptibility among Chinese general population.
Methods
6489 general population without T2DM of adults in Southwest China were recruited from 2010 to 2012. Depression and MetS were prospectively assessed by using 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and Chinese guidelines for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes during 2017–2020, respectively. Modified Poisson regression models were conducted to estimate risk ratio and 95% confidence intervals for independent and combined associations of MetS and depression with incidence of T2DM.
Results
During a median follow-up of 7.4 years, 678 cases of T2DM were documented. Individuals with MetS were 1.03–1.71 times more likely to develop T2DM compared with those without MetS. The corresponding RR for depression with no depression was 1.22–1.72. Notably, compared with no MetS and depression, the multivariate-adjusted RR for combined effect of MetS and depression on risk of T2DM was 2.11(1.39–3.22). Moreover, an increased risk of T2DM were more apparent in those who were over 60 years, males, and overweight population.
Conclusions
Individuals with multimorbidity of MetS and depression are at a higher risk of T2DM compared with those who with no MetS and depression.
Non-Hermitian broadside coupled split ring resonators with directional sensitivity
Authors: Zhao Xiaoguang , Sun Zhenci , Zhang Lingyun , Liang Chao , Li Bingbai , Lu Wenshuai , Zhang Wenqiang , You Rui , Zhao Jiahao , You Zheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Directional radiofrequency (RF) sensing, also known as radio direction finding, is essential in various applications that involve localizing RF sources. However, existing RF sensing technologies face challenges due to their large antenna sizes and complex RF signal processing circuits, which hinder the realization of miniaturized subwavelength direction sensors. In this article, we presented a non-Hermitian broadside coupled split ring resonators (BC-SRRs), which can identify the direction of an incident RF signal with angles ranging from 0° to 180°. The non-Hermitian Hamiltonian of the system, which can be interpreted by the temporal coupled mode theory, gives rise to asymmetric resonant modes of the BC-SRRs. The asymmetry allows the direct measurement of RF wave incident angle by probing the resonant strength of the two SRRs. For the proof of concept, we employed a one-stage Dickson voltage multiplier to rectify the RF signals and demonstrated angle sensing ability by relating the rectified voltage to the incident angle. Our results showcase the potential of the proposed technique using non-Hermitian BC-SRRs as a pathway towards subwavelength antenna-based radio direction finding.
Clinical reasoning development using case-based direct illness scripts teaching on an online gamified learning platform
Authors: Sophark Praewa , Limratchapong Chompoonut , Liabsuetrakul Tippawan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

BackgroundThe effectiveness of illness scripts in teaching clinical reasoning and the use of case-based illness script worksheets to enhance diagnostic skills in pre-clinical medical students have been previously established. Additionally, online gamified learning has proven effective in increasing student motivation and engagement. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness and satisfaction of case-based direct illness script teaching through an online gamified learning platform among pre-clinical students.MethodsA randomized controlled study was conducted among 184 second-year medical students at a university hospital. Over a six-week rotation, participants were randomized into traditional lectures and clinical reasoning group. All students were assigned a pre-test on the first day of the rotation, followed by an initial four weeks of traditional lectures. The control group was assessed post-test at the end of the fourth week. The intervention group received an additional clinical correlation lesson in the fifth week using an online gamified learning platform followed by a post-test. Satisfaction was assessed using a five-point Likert scale. The characteristics of students in the two groups were compared. Wilcoxon’s rank sum test was used to compare pre- and post-test scores and score differences between the groups.ResultsOf the 184 students, there were no differences in sex, age, or grade point average between the groups. The scores of 174 students (86 and 88 in the control and intervention groups, respectively) indicated low baseline knowledge in all domains. The clinical reasoning group had higher total scores than the control group (16.0 vs. 6.0, p < .001). The satisfaction of 132 students were “strongly agree” and “agree” with the process of online clinical correlation education (Mean, 4.90; SD, 0.34).ConclusionsUsing case-based direct illness script teaching with a gamified learning platform in pre-clinical education improves knowledge through clinical reasoning skills with high satisfaction.
Prevalence and determinants ofcaesarean delivery at child birth order in India: Insights from national representative data
Authors: Kapasia Nanigopal , Roy Avijit , Rahaman Margabur , Ghosh Swagata , Chouhan Pradip 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
The safe delivery of a baby is a central issue of maternal and child health in low- and middle-income-countries. In India, the C section delivery has drastically increased from 2.9 percent to 17.2 percent nearly in last twenty-three years (NFSH-1, 1992-93 to NFSH-4, 2015-16). The alarming rate of c-section was found in southern states of India.
Objective
The present study aims to explain the prevalence and determinants of caesarean delivery at child birth order among Indian women aged 15–49 years.
Methods
Fourth wave of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) data is used for study. Descriptive statistics were carried out to understand the distribution of study participants. Bivariate analysis was conducted to examine the prevalence of caesarean section delivery at the birth order of woman. The multivariable logistic regression was applied to examine the factors associated with c-section delivery at birth order of women.
Results
The incidence of c-sections was higher in first order birth and it proportionately decreased with increasing the birth order. A mother’s aged above 35 years is more inclined towards c-section (50.1%) at first birth than the last birth (3.5%). The difference of c-section delivery between at first and last birth order acutely found for women belonging to higher education (40.6 vs. 17.3%) and richest HHs quintile (39.3 vs. 13.7%). women aged above 35 years were more likely to experience for caesarean delivery than young mother of 15–24 years at first order birth (OR: 1.7, CI: 1.5–1.9) and second order birth (OR: 1.4, CI: 1.2–1.5). Private health care institutions hold a massive number of c-section deliveries. The women who had higher exposure to mass media were more likely to experience c-section delivery for all birth.
Conclusion
There is needed to examine elective or emergency CS for rational use of the procedure. There should be maintained strictly the useful guidance and norms of WHO recommendation regarding CS. Finally the holistic programmes in terms of public-private partnerships are needed to reduce unnecessary C-section cases for better improvement of women’s and newborn health.
Effect of Remimazolam vs Propofol in High-Risk Patients Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Li Zhi , Yuan Daming , Yu Yu , Xu Jie , Yang Weili , Chen Li , Luo Nanbo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Procedural sedation is essential for optimizing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, particularly in high-risk patients with multiple underlying diseases. Respiratory and circulatory complications present significant challenges for procedural sedation in this population. This non-inferiority randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the safety and comfort of remimazolam compared to propofol for procedural sedation during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in high-risk patients.
Methods
A total of 576 high-risk patients scheduled to undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled in this study and randomly allocated to either the remimazolam or propofol group. The primary outcome measure is a composite endpoint, which includes (1) achieving a Modified Observer's Alertness/Sedation scale(MOAA/S) score ≤ 3 before endoscope insertion; (2) successful completion of the endoscopic procedure; (3) absence of significant respiratory instability during the endoscopy and treatment; and (4) absence of significant circulatory instability during the examination. The noninferiority margin was 10%. Any adverse events (AEs) that occur will be reported.
Discussion
This trial aims to determine whether remimazolam is non-inferior to propofol for procedural sedation during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in high-risk patients, with regard to success rate, complication incidence, patient comfort, and satisfaction.
Trial registration
: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (http://www.chictr.org.cn), ChiCTR2200066527. Registered on 7 December 2022.
Performance study and application of antifreeze composite road dust suppressant
Authors: xia Shiyang , Song Ziling , zhao xiaoliang , MA ZhiMin , li jiyang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Truck transportation is a major source of dust in open-pit coal mines. According to the dust characteristics of open-pit mine roads under extremely low winter temperatures, an anti-freezing composite pavement dust inhibitor was developed and tested in the field. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of road dust were first performed, and four functional materials were mixed with glycerol (GLY), polyacrylamide (PAM), sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS), and compound propylene glycol (PG) and potassium acetate (PA). Water loss rate was used as an evaluation index to determine the optimal ratio of the antifreeze composite dust suppressant: 3wt% GLY, 0.07wt% PAM, 0.30wt% SDBS, and 15wt% PG + 10wt% PA. The wettability, evaporation resistance, and wind erosion resistance of the dust suppressant were investigated, the viscosity coefficient and freezing point were measured, and the toxicity and corrosion were evaluated. The results showed that the dust had strong hydrophobicity due to its chemical composition and properties, and the composite dust inhibitor had good wetting, agglomeration, moisturizing, and anti-freezing properties. The freezing point reached − 51.4℃, forming a solid pavement crust, which resisted the Level 7 wind erosion. Moreover, the solution was neutral (pH), non-toxic, and non-corrosive. Under the same conditions, the dust suppression efficiency of the dust suppressant on total dust and exhaled dust was significantly higher than that of water sprinkling. The dust concentration of the dust suppressant section of the test area was reduced by more than half relative to the dust concentration of the water sprinkling section. The dust concentration was controlled below 4 mg/m3, and the effective dust suppression time was as long as 6 days, which has significant economic and environmental benefits.