bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observation of the Clinical Efficacy of Self‐Modified Skin‐Stretching Device in the Treatment of Soft‐Tissue Defects of the Heel: A Retrospective Single‐Arm Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Shibo , Wang Yong , Peng Aqin , Zhang Yanlong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveDue to the poor skin mobility of the heel, there are few reports on the efficacy and safety of skin‐stretching devices in the treatment of soft‐tissue defects of the heel. Redesigning the claws of the stretching devices may be one of the solutions to the problem. This study was designed to investigate the clinical effect of self‐modified skin‐stretching device in the treatment of soft‐tissue defects in the heel.MethodsFrom December 2017 to March 2022, 23 patients with heel soft‐tissue defects were enrolled. There were 15 males and 8 females, with a mean age of 50 years (range, 28–73 years). Defect size, time of wound closure, duration of stretching time, and complications were documented. The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle‐Hindfoot score was used to evaluate functional outcomes, and pain was assessed by the visual analog scale (VAS) at the last follow‐up. Statistical analysis was performed using t‐tests and Mann–Whitney U test.ResultsThe mean follow‐up time was 14.2 months. Primary wound closure was performed in 6 patients and delayed wound closure in 17 patients. The average time of wound closure was 14.3 days, and the average duration of stretching time was 23.5 days. Complications were observed in 9 patients. Finally, all wounds were healed. At the last follow‐up, the average AOFAS score was 86.7, with 9 excellent, 13 good, and 1 fair results. The mean VAS score was 2.6.ConclusionsSelf‐modified skin‐stretching device is another option for treating heel soft‐tissue defects. The technique can achieve good appearance and function with a low price and easy to install.
Identifying Distinct Developmental Patterns of Brain Complexity in Autism: A Cross‐Sectional Cohort Analysis Using the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange
Authors: Chi I‐Jou , Tsai Shih‐Jen , Chen Chun‐Houh , Yang Albert C. 
Published: January 2025

AimAutistic traits exhibit neurodiversity with varying behaviors across developmental stages. Brain complexity theory, illustrating the dynamics of neural activity, may elucidate the evolution of autistic traits over time. Our study explored the patterns of brain complexity in autistic individuals from childhood to adulthood.MethodsWe analyzed functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 1087 autistic participants and neurotypical controls aged 6 to 30 years within the ABIDE I (Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange) data set. Sample entropy was calculated to measure brain complexity among 90 brain regions, utilizing an automated anatomical labeling template for voxel parcellation. Participants were grouped using sliding age windows with partial overlaps. We assessed the average brain complexity of the entire brain and brain regions for both groups across age categories. Cluster analysis was conducted using generalized association plots to identify brain regions with similar developmental complexity trajectories. Finally, the relationship between brain region complexity and autistic traits was examined.ResultsAutistic individuals may tend toward higher whole‐brain complexity during adolescence and lower complexity during childhood and adulthood, indicating possible distinct developmental trajectories. However, these results do not remain after Bonferroni correction. Two clusters of brain regions were identified, each with unique patterns of complexity changes over time. Correlations between brain region complexity, age, and autistic traits were also identified.ConclusionThe study revealed brain complexity trajectories in autistic individuals, providing insight into the neurodiversity of autism and suggesting that age‐related changes in brain complexity could be a potential neurodevelopmental marker for the dynamic nature of autism.
Overwintering features of Drosophila parasitoids (Hymenoptera) in a temperate region of Japan
Authors: Nomano Fumiaki Y. , Kimura Masahito T. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOverwintering features of Drosophila parasitoids were studied in a temperate region of Japan, in an outdoor rearing experiment conducted from autumn to spring. Eight taxa, Asobara japonica, A. leveri, A. brevicauda, Leptolamina sp. TK1, Leptopilina tsushimaensis, Leptopilina japonica japonica, Ganaspis lupini and Trichopria drosophilae, were collected in this study. Among them, the first five emerged in spring, suggesting that they overwintered in diapause at the preimaginal stage. In the three Asobara species, however, a number of individuals emerged as adults in autumn and all of them died by mid‐winter. We assessed whether the most abundant A. japonica emerging in autumn can leave offspring that survive the winter based on estimates of the lower developmental threshold and effective temperature for larval development, as well as local temperature conditions. The results suggest that the eggs laid after mid‐October may not survive the winter and that the emergence of A. japonica after mid‐October may not be adaptive. While it has been reported that Leptopilina japonica japonica also enters prepupal diapause, only one individual was collected, and therefore its overwintering features are not apparent in this study. As for the remaining species G. lupini and T. drosophilae, the outdoor rearing and experiment using laboratory strains suggest that they have limited overwintering capacity: the winter survivorship of adults was 14.3% and 4.1%, respectively; no G. lupini and only one individual of T. drosophilae emerged in spring; and both did not enter diapause at the preimaginal stage under short daylength in laboratory.
Human leukocyte antigen alloimmunization in a randomized trial of amustaline/glutathione pathogen‐reduced red cells in complex cardiac surgery patients
Authors: Norris Philip J. , Stone Mars , Di Germanio Clara , Balasko Brendan , Kaidarova Zhanna , Friend Henry , Varrone Jeanne , Corash Laurence , Mufti Nina , Benjamin Richard J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAlthough alloimmunization risk of pathogen‐reduced (PR) platelets has been studied, the risk has not been reported with PR red blood cells (RBCs).Study Design and MethodsIn a Phase III, randomized, controlled trial (Red Cell Pathogen Inactivation), cardiac or thoracic‐aorta surgery patients were randomized to transfusion with amustaline/glutathione PR versus conventional RBCs. Pre‐transfusion and Day 28 samples were evaluated for Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) Class I and Class II antibodies at low, medium, and high cutoff values.ResultsThe HLA alloimmunization analysis included 114 participants (53% female) in the PR and 113 (51% female) in the conventional RBC arms. In a modified intention‐to‐treat analysis, 13.7% (N = 29) and 7.2% (N = 15) developed new high‐level HLA Class I or Class II antibodies, respectively; however, there was no signal that PR‐RBCs affected the rate of HLA Class I (odds ratio (OR) 1.3 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62–2.9]) or Class II antibody formation (OR 0.99 [95% CI 0.35–2.8]). Female transfusion recipients had higher risk of developing new high‐level HLA Class I antibodies (OR 12.0 [95% CI 3.5–40.9]) and Class II antibodies (OR 5.0 [95% CI 1.4–17]). The mean number of RBC (5.5 vs. 3.6 units, p = 0.018) and platelet (1.8 vs. 1.1 units, p = 0.043) transfusions was higher in subjects with new high‐level HLA Class II antibodies.DiscussionReceipt of amustaline/glutathione PR‐RBC units did not affect HLA alloimmunization risk. Female sex and number of RBC and platelet transfusions were risk factors for the development of new high‐level HLA Class I and Class II antibodies.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy Is Associated With Prolonged Survival Time in Small‐Breed Dogs Undergoing Amputation for Appendicular Osteosarcoma
Authors: Zanardi Stefano , Sabattini Silvia , Rossi Federica , Rossanese Matteo , Buracco Paolo , Montinaro Vincenzo , Aralla Marina , Dentini Alfredo , Pizzi Elisa , Volpe Enrico , Tremolada Giovanni , Marconato Laura 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAdjuvant chemotherapy is a well‐established treatment for large‐breed dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma; however, it is unclear if it improves outcomes in small‐breed dogs due to limited focused studies. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the oncologic outcomes of dogs weighting less than 15 kg with appendicular osteosarcoma that underwent curative resection with or without postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. Endpoints were time to distant progression (TTDP) and overall survival (OS). Medical records from multiple institutions were reviewed, and 43 dogs were included in the analysis: 17 underwent surgery alone and 26 also received adjuvant chemotherapy. The median TTDP for all dogs was 265 days, with no significant difference between treatment groups. The median OS for all dogs was 270 days, and it was significantly different between amputated dogs (150 days) and those also receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (353 days, p = 0.002). In our cohort, osteosarcoma in small breeds behaved as aggressive as in large breeds. Adjuvant chemotherapy may prolong survival. Future randomised studies are needed to provide definitive evidence on the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy to address metastatic spread in small‐breed dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma.
Orthodontic treatment from childhood to adolescence with minimally invasive therapy correction of atypical swallowing and dental alignment. A case report
Authors: Martelli Mirko , Russomanno Wanda Lelia , Di Vecchio Stefano , Gargari Marco , Bollero Patrizio , Ottria Liliana , Dolci Alessandro , Gianfreda Francesco 
Published: January 2025

This case report describes a minimally invasive orthodontic approach for a patient who was identified in childhood and followed through adolescence. The approach was intended to correct atypical swallowing, diastemas, and overjet. The treatment used two devices: the Froggy Mouth for myofunctional therapy and clear aligners for dental alignment and overjet correction.
A rare case of impacted mandibular premolar associated to dentigerous cyst and periodontal lesion clinical management and histological analysis
Authors: Gianfreda Francesco , Nucci Ludovica , Bollero Patrizio , Danieli Andrea , Palermo Andrea , Salvadori Paolo , Gargari Marco , Martelli Mirko 
Published: January 2025

Background: Dental cysts, particularly dentigerous cysts (DCs), are a common pathological condition affecting the jawbone. The literature categorizes DCs based on histology and associates them with impacted teeth, often leading to complications.
However, the occurrence of DCs in the elderly and their association with mandibular premolars is not well-documented, presenting a knowledge gap in dental pathology and management.
Objective: This case report aims to present a rare clinical case of an impacted mandibular premolar associated with a dentigerous cyst and a periodontal lesion, detailing the clinical management, radiographic diagnosis, histopathologic analysis, and surgical intervention.
Case presentation: A 65-year-old male patient presented with pain and mobility in tooth 36. Clinical examination, radiographic imaging, and histological analysis were conducted to diagnose and plan the treatment—the treatment involved enucleation of the DC and extraction of the impacted tooth. Histological examination was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining to determine the nature of the cyst.
Results: The patient’s postoperative recovery was uneventful, with complete remineralization of the site after one year. Histological findings indicated a significant inflammatory infiltrate, predominantly lymphocytes, suggesting a periodontal cyst.
The impacted mandibular premolar association with a DC in an elderly patient is rare, with the literature reporting a higher frequency of such cysts in younger demographics.
Conclusions: The case report contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the successful management of a rare case of an impacted mandibular premolar with a dentigerous cyst and periodontal lesion. It emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and individualized treatment planning in managing complex dental cyst cases. It suggests a conservative approach to prevent surgical risks, especially near critical anatomical structures.
Clinical and radiographical evaluation of two agenesis alveolar ridges of upper lateral incisors. A case report with 5 years follow up
Authors: Botticelli Gianluca , Pizzolante Tommaso , Capogreco Mario , Prata Paolo , Calabrò Paolo , Severino Marco , Testa Giovanni , Rastelli Sofia 
Published: January 2025

Besides the functional issues, lateral incisor agenesis represents a significant aesthetic drawback (1).
The decision about the treatment plan is complex due to the long-term success, which is not easy to achieve. It has to be discussed with the orthodontists to choose the closure, using permanent canines to replace the missing teeth, or maintaining the spaces, for example, with Maryland bridges or implants.
The main advantage of orthodontic gap closure is that this approach preserves the natural architecture of the complex and soft tissues. However, canines and premolar sizes and shapes should be adjusted to mimic the replaced teeth, eventually resorting to odontoplasty or veneers (13).
This article aims to show clinical protocols and procedures for the Split Crest without any graft.
The biggest problem in agenesis cases is the thickness of the bone, which is bucco-palatal and associated with the need for proper functional and esthetic rehabilitation.
In the case that we reported, because of the lack of thickness, we performed a minimally invasive split crest, which allowed us to correct the implant insertion with immediate loading by a temporary crown, just for aesthetic reasons.
Anatomically guided full arch implant-prosthetic rehabilitations
Authors: Rastelli Sofia , Caporro Giulia , Severino Marco , Bernardi Sara , Botticelli Gianluca , Gasparri Alberto , Pizzolante Tommaso 
Published: January 2025

Aim: The loss of dental elements causes anatomical, functional, aesthetic, and psychological changes that reduce the patient’s quality of life and comfort. This study aims to show how implant-prosthetic restorations with full-arch immediate loading can be appropriately performed by an anatomically guided method.
Materials and methods: Two case reports of two male patients aged 69 and 60 years old who needed an implant-prosthetic full arch rehabilitation were documented to describe the surgical treatment.
Discussion: Human anatomy is the basis of any surgical treatment, so in oral surgery, the operator must have a detailed knowledge of the loco-regional anatomy of the head-neck district. For this reason, it is essential to know the topographical limits of the noble structures typically found in daily clinical practice to perform a precise surgical act under safe conditions. The validity of a complete dental arch rehabilitation method is emphasized in literature by inserting two axial implants positioned orthogonally to the occlusal plane in the anterior region and two distal implants inclined with a maximum of 30° distally in the posterior region. The literature reports of inclined implants have been proposed as an alternative to traditional protocols in rehabilitating edentulous jaws. All this can be achieved by carefully studying the clinical case at the beginning of the clinical and radiographic examination. In addition, knowledge of the anatomical reference points must be taken as a reference to obtain a method that is reproducible and adaptable to more clinical cases depending on bone mineralization.
Conclusion: Although it may seem excessively invasive, this method allows us to obtain optimal and reproducible results. It allows us to exploit not only the biomechanical advantages obtained by the structure of the prosthetic polygon but above all, those biological ones based on knowledge of the physiology of bone remodeling.
Low clinical activity score, ‘progressive’ thyroid eye disease: presentations of 1439 patients from a tertiary centre in Hong Kong
Authors: Lai Kenneth Ka Hei , Aljufairi Fatema Mohamed Ali Abdulla , Sebastian Jake Uy , Lai Kei Hei , Chan Karen Kar Wun , Chin Joyce Kar Yee , Chan Regine Yien Ching , Li Chi Lai , Yip Wilson Wai Kuen , Young Alvin Lerrmann , Tham Clement Chee Yung , Pang Chi Pui , Chong Kelvin Kam Lung 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundTo report the presenting clinical, serological and treatment profiles of 1439 patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) from a tertiary centre in Hong Kong.Study populationsConsecutive patients with TED presented to the Thyroid Eye Clinic (TEC), the Chinese University of Hong Kong between 2014 and 2023.MethodsProspective cohort and masked review of medical records and orbital images.ResultsA total of 1439 (70% female, 98% Han Chinese) patients with TED (26% ex/current smoker), presented at 43±5.9 years old, were reviewed. The first TED symptoms to TEC evaluation was 6±3 months. 85% had Graves’ disease and 12% were given radioactive iodine before presentation. 35% of patients had a family history of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Baseline thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody, thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin and thyroid peroxidase antibody were elevated in 75%, 69% and 57% tested. Euthyroid TED (E-TED) was diagnosed in 6%, associated with asymmetric presentation (p<0.001). The most common signs were exophthalmos (69%), upper eyelid retraction (53%), swelling (36%), conjunctival injection (34%) and lower eyelid retraction (32%). Notably, 547 (38%) presented with moderate-to-severe and 150 (10%) vision-threatening TED, whose clinical activity score (CAS) was just 2.4±1.4 and 2.6±1.5, respectively. Male and TED onset after 40 were associated with higher CAS and NOSPEC (No physical signs or symptoms, Only signs, Soft tissue involvement, Proptosis, Extraocular muscle signs, Corneal involvement, and Sight loss) score (both p<0.05). 471 (33%), 361 (25%), 263 (18%) and 138 (9%) patients received intravenous methylprednisolone, orbital radiotherapy, steroid-sparing immunosuppressants and surgical decompression, respectively.ConclusionsAround one-third (34%) of our cohort presented with ‘low-CAS, progressive’, moderate-to-severe or vision-threatening TED, while only one-fifth (18%) were clinically active (CAS≥3). Our results showed the limitations and unmet need of the existing ‘high-CAS only’ approach, especially in managing ‘non-inflammatory’ TED, prevalent in non-Caucasian populations.
Long-term follow-up of a randomised clinical trial: standard of care versus pre-emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPSS) in patients with cirrhosis and oesophageal variceal bleeding
Authors: Dunne Philip D J , Manship Thomas , Sinha Rohit , Stanley Adrian J , Lachlan Neil , Shams Aman , Forrest Ewan H , Hayes Peter 
Published: January 2025

Background and aimsPre-emptive transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (pTIPSS) within 72 hours following acute oesophageal variceal bleeding has potential survival benefit. However, there is uncertainty whether pTIPSS is advantageous over standard of care (SOC) and long-term outcomes remain unstudied.ApproachPatients recruited to a Scottish randomised control trial were allocated to SOC or pTIPSS and had follow-up extended to 3 years. The primary outcome was 3-year transplant-free survival on intention to treat and per-protocol analysis.Results58 patients were initially recruited, 29 patients per group. Of the 29 in the pTIPSS group, only 23 received TIPSS placement due to logistical reasons. On intention to treat analysis, 3-year transplant-free survival rate in the SOC group was significantly higher than that of the pTIPSS group (55.2% vs 20.1%, p=0.006, HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 4.87). On per-protocol analysis, 3-year transplant-free survival rate in the SOC group was significantly higher than that of the pTIPSS group (55.2% vs 15.4%, p=0.03, HR 2.93, 95% CI 1.27 to 7.94). There were significantly higher rates of sepsis-related death or sepsis-induced liver failure-related death in the pTIPSS group compared with the SOC group (48.2% vs 3.6%, p<0.001, reciprocal of RR 13.0, 95% CI 2.46 to 75.45). There were no differences in other outcomes associated with portal hypertension on intention to treat analysis.ConclusionpTIPSS was associated with significantly reduced rates of transplant-free survival at 3 years compared with SOC. This may be due to higher rates of sepsis. Further large studies are required to validate these findings.
C5 complement inhibition versus FcRn modulation in generalised myasthenia gravis
Authors: Huntemann Niklas , Gerischer Lea , Herdick Meret , Nelke Christopher , Stascheit Frauke , Hoffmann Sarah , Öztürk Menekse , Schroeter Christina B , Lehnerer Sophie , Stein Maike , Schubert Charlotte , Schneider-Gold Christiane , Pfeuffer Steffen , Krämer Heidrun H , Konen Franz Felix , Skripuletz Thomas , Pawlitzki Marc , Glaubitz Stefanie , Zschüntzsch Jana , Scherwietes Valerie , Totzeck Andreas , Hagenacker Tim , Meuth Sven G , Meisel Andreas , Ruck Tobias 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundMyasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junctions, leading to fluctuating muscle weakness. While many patients respond well to standard immunosuppression, a substantial subgroup faces ongoing disease activity. Emerging treatments such as complement factor C5 inhibition (C5IT) and neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) antagonism hold promise for these patients. However, the current landscape is hindered by a paucity of comparative data that is crucial for treatment decisions.ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of C5IT and FcRn antagonists in a real-world setting.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 153 MG patients from 8 German specialised MG centres receiving either C5IT (26 eculizumab, 80 ravulizumab) or efgartigimod (47 patients) was conducted. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to compare changes in MG-specific outcome parameters within the first 6 months after treatment initiation, along with safety profiles and concomitant MG therapy.ResultsBoth treatment strategies led to rapid clinical improvements and substantial reductions in prednisolone doses. However, insufficient response was noted in 20%–49.1% of patients based on Quantitative MG and MG Activities of Daily Living (MG-ADL) scores. We did not identify any new safety concerns. After PSM, 40 patients remained in each group. In both cohorts, reductions in MG-ADL as prespecified primary study endpoint were comparable. Moreover, analyses of secondary outcome parameters demonstrated similar results for C5IT versus FcRn.ConclusionIn contrast to current meta-analyses and indirect comparisons of clinical trial data, our real-world study demonstrates comparable efficacy and safety of C5IT and FcRn antagonism in MG.