bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of saturable absorbers thickness in the Q-switching of the erbium-doped fiber laser
Authors: Ajmal Rizwan , Bibi Shakeela , Ahmed Rizwan , Sohail M , Asghar H , Umar Z A , Shahzad N , Baig M A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A passively Q-switched Erbium (Er3+) doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on a ZnO saturable absorber (SA) prepared using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique is demonstrated. The in-situ monitoring of the thickness in the PLD system enabled the control of the SA’s thickness during the growth. The thickness of the SA was varied and the output characteristics of the fiber laser with all thicknesses are compared. This study reveals that the performance and efficiency of an EDFL including pulse repetition rates, pulse duration, pulse energy, peak power, stability, and signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by varying the thickness of the SA. Based on the thickness of the SA, the optimized results are also presented. These findings suggest that the thickness control of the SA film grown directly on the fiber ferrule facilitates much-improved EDFL that has potential applications in pulsed laser sources.
Fab-to-fab and run-to-run variability in 130 nm and 65 nm CMOS technologies exposed to ultra-high TID
Authors: Termo G. , Borghello G. , Faccio F. , Michelis S. , Koukab A. , Sallese J.-M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The discovery of a large fab-to-fab variability in the TID response of the CMOS technologies used in the design of ASICs for the particle detectors of the HL-LHC triggered a monitoring effort to verify the consistency of the CMOS production process over time. As of 2014, 22 chips from 3 different fabs in 130 nm CMOS technology and 11 chips from 2 different fabs in 65 nm CMOS technology have been irradiated to ultra-high doses, ranging from 100 Mrad(SiO2) to 1 Grad(SiO2). This unprecedented monitoring effort revealed significant fab-to-fab and run-to-run variability, both dependent on the characteristics of the MOS transistors.
Efficacy of brief behavioural therapy for insomnia in older adults with chronic insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis from randomised trials
Authors: Chen Yen-Chin , Lu Tsung-Hua , Ku En-Ni , Chen Chia-Te , Fang Ching-Ju , Lai Pei-Chun , Liu Chieh-Hsiu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
chronic insomnia is a highly prevalent and persistent health concern among older adults, and it has significant adverse effects on cognitive function and physical health.

Objectives
the study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a brief 4-week behavioural therapy for insomnia (BBTi) on insomnia remission in older adults with chronic insomnia.

Design
a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted.

Subjects
adults aged 60 years or older.

Methods
eight electronic databases were systematically searched through the end of March 2022. Studies followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Statement.

Results
four randomised controlled trials (190 subjects) were included. The mean age of the participants was 69.06 (65.10–71.65), and 29.9% (27.3–32.3%) were male. Older adults who received the BBTi showed a significant insomnia remission (standardised mean differences, −1.07; 95% confidence interval, −1.43 to −0.71; I2, 0%). Sleep parameters measured by actigraphy revealed that in older adults, the BBTi program significantly improved total sleep time, wake after sleep onset (WASO), sleep onset latency (SOL) and sleep efficacy (SE) compared to the controls. For the subjective sleep parameters measured the by sleep diary, older adults who received BBTi obtained a more effective improvement in WASO, SE and SOL. The overall risk of bias was mostly low or of some concern due to the difficulty of blinding participants and assessors.

Conclusions
a 4-week BBTi program can be considered an effective and nonselective intervention for insomnia remission among older adults with chronic insomnia and thereby has the potential to ameliorate WASO, SE and SOL.
Histologic Features of Syphilitic Gastritis: A Rare but Resurging Imitator of Common Diseases
Authors: Assarzadegan Naziheh , Fang Jiayun M , Voltaggio Lysandra , Riddell Robert H , Montgomery Elizabeth A , McDonald Oliver G , Coates Ryan , Carneiro Fatima , Lauwers Gregory Y , Kamionek Michal , Lamps Laura W , Westerhoff Maria 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The range of histopathologic features of gastric syphilis is not well described. Here we describe the clinicopathologic findings of eight patients with syphilitic gastritis.

Methods
A search of our Pathology Data System (2003-2022) and multiple other institutions identified eight patients with syphilitic gastritis. Clinical information, pathology reports, and available slides were reviewed.

Results
Lesions predominated in middle-aged adults (mean age, 47.2 years; range, 23-61 years) with a propensity for men (n = 7). Three patients had a documented history of human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical presentations included weight loss, abdominal pain, hematochezia, fever, dyspepsia, nausea and vomiting, hematemesis, anemia, and early satiety. Endoscopic findings included ulcerations, erosions, abnormal mucosa, and nodularity. All specimens shared an active chronic gastritis pattern with intense lymphohistiocytic infiltrates, variable plasma cells, and gland loss. Prominent lymphoid aggregates were seen in four specimens. The diagnosis was confirmed either by immunostain for Treponema pallidum (n = 7) or by direct immunofluorescence staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction (n = 1). All patients with available follow-up data showed resolution of symptoms after antibiotic therapy (n = 4).

Conclusions
Recognition of the histologic pattern of syphilitic gastritis facilitates timely treatment, prevents further transmission, and avoids unnecessarily aggressive treatment.
Analyzing anatomy over three dimensions unpacks the differences in mesophyll diffusive area between sun and shadeVitis viniferaleaves
Authors: Théroux-Rancourt Guillaume , Herrera José Carlos , Voggeneder Klara , De Berardinis Federica , Luijken Natascha , Nocker Laura , Savi Tadeja , Scheffknecht Susanne , Schneck Moritz , Tholen Danny 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLeaves grown at different light intensities exhibit considerable differences in physiology, morphology and anatomy. Because plant leaves develop over three dimensions, analyses of the leaf structure should account for differences in lengths, surfaces, as well as volumes. In this manuscript, we set out to disentangle the mesophyll surface area available for diffusion per leaf area (Sm,LA) into underlying one-, two- and three-dimensional components. This allowed us to estimate the contribution of each component to Sm,LA, a whole-leaf trait known to link structure and function. We introduce the novel concept of a ‘stomatal vaporshed,’ i.e. the intercellular airspace unit most closely connected to a single stoma, and use it to describe the stomata-to-diffusive-surface pathway. To illustrate our new theoretical framework, we grew two cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. under high and low light, imaged 3D leaf anatomy using microcomputed tomography (microCT) and measured leaf gas exchange. Leaves grown under high light were less porous and thicker. Our analysis showed that these two traits and the lower Sm per mesophyll cell volume (Sm,Vcl) in sun leaves could almost completely explain the difference in Sm,LA. Further, the studied cultivars exhibited different responses in carbon assimilation per photosynthesizing cell volume (AVcl). While Cabernet Sauvignon maintained AVcl constant between sun and shade leaves, it was lower in Blaufränkisch sun leaves. This difference may be related to genotype-specific strategies in building the stomata-to-diffusive-surface pathway.
An Examination of Racial/Ethnic Differences on the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory Among Veterans Completing the Comprehensive Traumatic Brain Injury Evaluation: A Veterans Affairs Million Veteran Program Study
Authors: Sakamoto McKenna S , Hanson Karen L , Chanfreau-Coffinier Catherine , Lai Mark H C , Román Cristina A F , Clark Alexandra L , Marquine María J , Delano-Wood Lisa , Merritt Victoria C ,   the VA Million Veteran Program
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to explore racial/ethnic differences in neurobehavioral symptom reporting and symptom validity testing among military veterans with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Method
Participants of this observational cross-sectional study (N = 9,646) were post-deployed Iraq-/Afghanistan-era veterans enrolled in the VA’s Million Veteran Program with a clinician-confirmed history of TBI on the Comprehensive TBI Evaluation (CTBIE). Racial/ethnic groups included White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, Multiracial, Another Race, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander. Dependent variables included neurobehavioral symptom domains and symptom validity assessed via the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and Validity-10, respectively.

Results
Chi-square analyses showed significant racial/ethnic group differences for vestibular, somatic/sensory, and affective symptoms as well as for all Validity-10 cutoff scores examined (≥33, ≥27, ≥26, &gt;22, ≥22, ≥13, and ≥7). Follow-up analyses compared all racial/ethnic groups to one another, adjusting for sociodemographic- and injury-related characteristics. These analyses revealed that the affective symptom domain and the Validity-10 cutoff of ≥13 revealed the greatest number of racial/ethnic differences.

Conclusions
Results showed significant racial/ethnic group differences on neurobehavioral symptom domains and symptom validity testing among veterans who completed the CTBIE. An enhanced understanding of how symptoms vary by race/ethnicity is vital so that clinical care can be appropriately tailored to the unique needs of all veterans. Results highlight the importance of establishing measurement invariance of the NSI across race/ethnicity and underscore the need for ongoing research to determine the most appropriate Validity-10 cutoff score(s) to use across racially/ethnically diverse veterans.
Persuader-receiver neural coupling underlies persuasive messaging and predicts persuasion outcome
Authors: Li Yangzhuo , Luo Xiaoxiao , Wang Keying , Li Xianchun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOpportunities to persuade and be persuaded are ubiquitous. What interpersonal neural pathway in real-world settings determining successful information propagation in naturalistic two-person persuasion scenarios? Hereby, we extended prior research on a naturalistic dyadic persuasion paradigm (NDP) using dual-fNIRS protocol simultaneously measured the neural activity from persuader-receiver dyads while they engaged in a modified “Arctic Survival Task.” Investigating whether neural coupling between persuaders and receivers underpinning of persuading and predict persuasion outcomes (i.e., receiver’s compliance). Broadly, we indicated that the persuasive arguments increase neural coupling significantly compared to non-persuasive arguments in the left superior temporal gyrus-superior frontal gyrus and superior frontal gyrus-inferior frontal gyrus. G-causality indices further revealed the coupling directionality of information flows between the persuader and receiver. Critically, the neural coupling could be a better predictor of persuasion outcomes relative to traditional self-report measures. Eventually, temporal dynamics neural coupling incorporating video recording revealed neural coupling marked the micro-level processes in response to persuading messages and possibly reflecting the time that persuasion might occurs. The initial case of the arguments with targeted views is valuable as the first step in encouraging the receiver’s compliance. Our investigation represented an innovative interpersonal approach toward comprehending the neuroscience and psychology underlying complex and true persuasion.
Bicuspid aortic valve durability with valve-sparing aortic root replacement: comparison to tricuspid valve
Authors: Levine Dov , Patel Parth , Zhao Yanling , Childress Patra , Chung Megan , Leshnower Bradley G , Kurlansky Paul , Smith Craig R , Chen Edward P , Takayama Hiroo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Figure created with BioRender.com.

OBJECTIVES
Outcomes beyond 10 years for David V valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSARR) in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients have yet to be explored. We investigated long-term outcomes after BAV VSARR compared to VSARR for tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) patients.

METHODS
A total of 677 patients with BAV (n = 171) and TAV (n = 506) underwent VSARR between 2005 and 2020 from 2 aortic centres, excluding those with dissection, endocarditis, stenosis or prior aortic valve (AV) surgery. Multivariable Cox regression compared adjusted survival over a 12-year period. Fine and Gray competing risk regression compared risk and cumulative incidence of reoperation/reintervention. Propensity score matching created balanced groups, and landmark analysis isolated outcomes beginning 4 years postoperatively. Finally, longitudinal mixed modelling assessed AV deterioration on echocardiogram.

RESULTS
No difference was observed in 12-year survival of BAV versus TAV (propensity score matching 92.0% vs 89.9%, P = 0.97; multivariable hazard ratio 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.34–1.69, P = 0.51). Adjusted 12-year cumulative incidence and risk of AV and/or proximal aorta reoperation/reintervention were not observed to be different (15.7% BAV vs 5.7% TAV, P = 0.37; subdistribution hazard ratio 1.54, 95% confidence interval 0.60–3.94, P = 0.36); however, landmark analysis showed increased incidence of late reoperation/reintervention in BAV versus TAV (11.7% vs 0.0%, P = 0.04). BAV was not associated with AV deterioration over time (BAV coefficient ± standard error: 0 ± 0.30, P = 1).

CONCLUSIONS
VSARR for BAV patients has excellent 12-year survival and low reoperation/reintervention rates, which were not observed to be different from TAV patients. However, higher incidence of reoperation/reintervention was observed in the late years after BAV VSARR. Our study provides key information for surgical consultation of patients with bicuspid aortopathy.
Music and love in Sigismondo Fanti’s Triompho di Fortuna (1527)
Authors: Page Annabelle 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As he explains at great length in his introduction, Sigismondo Fanti painstakingly calculated and constructed his Triompho di Fortuna with the purpose of enlightening its reader as to their fortunes following on from a given situation in their life. Every step along the somewhat convoluted journey towards discovering one’s fortune is accompanied by richly meaningful imagery. The illustrations not only, in some cases, summarize the text, but also make persistent connections between the playing of the game and broader intellectual, military and artistic culture.
Music appears in multiple visual forms throughout the book. Some of the ‘Wheels’ forming part of the journey through the game are given musical characters (‘Wheel of Music’, ‘Wheel of the Lyre’). A very large cycle of portraits appearing alongside some segments of the game includes musicians ranging from mythological figures to Fanti’s contemporaries. And among the tiny woodcut scenes that accompany and characterize the various fortunes at the end of the book are several musical scenes. A substantial proportion of the questions and answers provided by the book concern love, and it is with fortunes concerned with love that musical scenes are most often associated, shading across the topics of sex, romance, decorum and faithfulness.
In this article—the first to expose Fanti’s the Triompho di Fortuna as a rich, multidisciplinary source—the connections proposed in the book between different aspects of love and their musical characterization will be discussed and contextualized.
COLON TARGETED DELIVERY AND STABILIZATION OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES FOR LOCAL TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
Authors: Yadav Vipul , Matiz Silvia , Thomaidou Stavrina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the era of biologics where IBD treatment has been transformed by potent antibody-based therapeutics, a key challenge still remains, to develop orally administered antibody medicines for chronic GI inflammation. This is primarily due to the challenges in accurate oral targeted delivery of drugs to the lower GI tract and the inherent enzymatic instability of antibodies in these harsh luminal environment. As a result, all antibody therapeutics in clinical development and on the market are available only as an injection leading to undesired adverse effects due to high systemic exposure and suboptimal therapeutic response due to insufficient antibody levels at the inflamed tissue.
We have developed a suite of delivery technologies that are designed to bypass the harsher stomach and small intestinal conditions of the GI tract and achieve accurate targeted release and enzymatic stabilization of the antibody therapeutics in the colon. The delivery platform comprises of a film coating which is applied on the outside of the pill. The coating is a clinically validated polymer coating comprising of a combination of pH sensitive polymer and polysaccharide that is designed to start releasing drugs only when exposed to the correct pH and/or colonic bacteria, dramatically improving on the inconsistent colonic release profiles of solely pH-based coatings. The second component is in the core of the pill, a cocktail of amino acid-based excipients that are mixed together with the antibody and protects the drug from pancreatic and bacterial origin protease enzymes, allowing high luminal antibody concentration build-up that leads to inflamed tissue/systemic uptake through a combination of active and passive diffusion.
We demonstrated in an acute DSS mouse model of colitis the effective colonic delivery and stabilization of an anti-IL6 antibody leading to superior uptake into the tissue compared IP injection. The superior tissue level demonstrated higher downregulation of target IL6.
We are working to leverage the delivery technology for oral delivery of a variety of anti-inflammatory and epithelial wound healing protein modalities such as monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins, cytokines, VHHs and peptides to allow for broad therapeutic interventions in indications such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, pouchitis and celiac disease.

Mechanism of oral colon targeted delivery of therapeutic antibodies in local treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.

In-vivo PK of anti-IL6 antibody in acute DSS colitis mouse model. A. Impact of stabilization on antibody levels in the colon lumen compared to naked antibody and injected antibody. B. Impact of stabilization on colon tissue uptake. C. Effect of tissue conc. on colon tissue IL6 target downregulation.
DEVELOPMENT OF NANOPARTICLE-ENCAPSULATED BRD4 INHIBITORS FOR NOVEL EPIGENETIC THERAPEUTICS OF IBD
Authors: Shah Mansi , Ma Zonghui , Chen Haiying , Cong Yingzi , Zhou Jia , Rytting Erik , Tian Bing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic intestinal disorders that are typically categorized as one of two subtypes: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). We have found that epigenetic regulator bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is critical in controlling expression of IBD-associated inflammatory cytokine networks. Targeting BRD4 represents a novel therapeutic strategy by modulating IBD-associated inflammatory networks for effective treatment of IBD. Previously, we have successfully identified highly potent and specific BRD4 inhibitors which significantly suppressed colonic mucosal inflammation and chronicity in several animal models of IBD.
One of the most pressing challenges in current IBD research is to develop technologies to enable mucosal targeted drug delivery systems that enhance efficacy and decrease side effects. At current study, we further examined the in vivo efficacy of our nano-encapsulated BRD4 inhibitors on animal models of IBD as well as their in vivo and in vitro safety evaluation.

METHODS
BRD4 inhibitors were encapsulated into biodegradable nanoparticles by a modified solvent displacement method using a polymeric matrix of PEGylated poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). Drug metabolism/pharmacokinetic (DMPK) profiling of these Nano-BRD4 inhibitors were examined for their in vivo drug release test and in vitro safety evaluation. In vivo efficacy of Nano-BRD4 inhibitors were evaluated in IBD animal models of both dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute or chronic colitis, oxazolone (OXA)-induced colitis and Cbir1 T Cell Transfer-induced colitis.

RESULTS
Drug release test in vivo and in vitro safety evaluation of Nano-BRD4 inhibitors indicate their good DMPK potential and low toxicity. Oral administration of Nano-BRD4 inhibitors at the dosage of 1 mg/kg effectively block colonic inflammation in both DSS-induced acute or chronic colitis, OXA-induced colitis and Cbir1 T Cell Transfer-induced colitis of mice. Nano-BRD4 inhibitors significantly reduced mucosal inflammation and restores tissue architecture in colon of IBD animal models. Furthermore, Nano-BRD4 inhibitors blocked DSS-, OXA-, and Cbir1 T Cell Transfer-induced induced expression of inflammatory cytokine.

CONCLUSION
Our nano-encapsulated BRD4 inhibitors effectively block colonic inflammation in our established multiple animal models of IBD. Drug release test in vivo and in vitro safety evaluation of Nano-BRD4 inhibitors indicate their good DMPK potential and low toxicity. Local delivery of nanoparticle-encapsulated BRD4 inhibitors would offer superior epigenetic pharmacotherapy for IBD with higher efficacy, specific delivery, long-lasting release, and a better therapeutic and safety window.

FUNDING SUPPORT
Litwin IBD Pioneers Program and Entrepreneurial Investing (EI) Initiative award from the Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation of America.