bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Internal tides in the central Mediterranean Sea: observational evidence and numerical studies
Authors: Oddo P. , Poulain P. M. , Falchetti S. , Storto A. , Zappa G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInternal tides are studied in the central Mediterranean Sea using observational data and numerical experiments. Both numerical results and observations indicate that the baroclinic variability in this area is dominated by the K1 diurnal tide. In agreement with previous studies, the diurnal internal tides have the characteristics of Kelvin-like bottom trapped waves. They are mainly generated by the interaction of the induced barotropic tidal flow with the steep bathymetric gradient connecting the Ionian Sea with the shallow Sicily Channel. The bathymetric gradient appears to be the major forcing shaping the propagation paths of the internal tides. The most energetic internal tides follow the steep bathymetric gradient, propagating southward and tending to dissipate rapidly. Other waves cross the continental shelf south of Malta and then split with one branch moving toward the southern coast of Sicily and the other moving toward the west. Internal tides propagate with a variable phase velocity of about 1 ms−1 and a wavelength of the order of 100 km. During their journey, the internal waves appear to be subject to local processes that can modify their characteristics. The induced vertical shear strongly dominates the vertical turbulence and generates vertical mixing that alters the properties of the water masses traversing the area. Barotropic and internal tides remove heat from the ocean surface, increasing atmospheric heating, and redistributing energy through increased lateral heat fluxes. Lateral heat fluxes are significantly greater in the presence of internal tides due to the simultaneous increase in volume fluxes and water temperatures.
The impact of innovative technologies in construction activities on concrete debris recycling in China: a system dynamics-based analysis
Authors: Zhang Ning , Konyalıoğlu Aziz Kemal , Duan Huabo , Feng Haibo , Li Huanyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs construction activities become more intensive in developing countries, increasing improperly managed construction and demolition waste (CDW) brings serious environmental impacts. Recycling is a beneficial way to dispose of CDW that reduces environmental impact and brings economic benefits, especially for concrete. China is the country that generates the most CDW in the world, but its domestic recycling rate is much lower than that of developed countries. While the efficient technologies in developed regions have helped them to achieve a well-established recycling industry, whether these innovative technologies can be used to improve the concrete debris recycling targets in developing regions is unclear. This study examines whether innovations currently widely used in construction activities and materials can have a positive effect on the recycling of End-of-Life concrete materials in China. Results from modeling system dynamics imply that the introduction of innovative technologies in the recycling system of concrete debris can probably contribute to CO2 reduction (3.6% reduction) and economic benefits (2.6 times increase, but mainly from landfill charges and fines) from 2022 to 2030. Prefabrication and 3D printing significantly impact recycled concrete production and CDW recycling, and they are recommended as a priority for promotion. In contrast, carbonation is not suggested for application due to its minor role. Nevertheless, since the market share of innovative technologies and the basic CDW recycling rates are currently low in China, fluctuations in their usage are hardly to have a substantial positive impact. We suggest that financial support from the government is needed for upcycling by recyclers and technology providers to improve the base recycling rate in order for innovative technologies to make an effective contribution to the sustainable construction industry, creating a win–win situation for both the economy and the environment of the recycling system.
Knowledge Accumulation in Theatre Rehearsals: The Emergence of a Gesture as a Solution for Embodying a Certain Aesthetic Concept
Authors: Norrthon Stefan , Schmidt Axel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTheater rehearsals are (usually) confronted with the problem of having to transform a written text into an audio-visual, situated and temporal performance. Our contribution focuses on the emergence and stabilization of a gestural form as a solution for embodying a certain aesthetic concept which is derived from the script. This process involves instructions and negotiations, making the process of stabilization publicly and thus intersubjectively accessible. As scenes are repeatedly rehearsed, rehearsals are perspicuous settings for tracking interactional histories. Based on videotaped professional theatre interactions in Germany, we focus on consecutive instances of rehearsing the same scene and trace the interactional history of a particular gesture. This gesture is used by the director to instruct the actors to play a particular aspect of a scene adopting a certain aesthetic concept. Stabilization requires the emergence of shared knowledge. We will show the practices by which shared knowledge is established over time during the rehearsal process and, in turn, how the accumulation of knowledge contributes to a change in the interactional practices themselves. Specifically, we show how a gesture emerges in the process of developing and embodying an aesthetic concept, and how this gesture eventually becomes a sign that refers to and evokes accumulated knowledge. At the same time, we show how this accumulated knowledge changes the instructional activities in the rehearsal process. Our study contributes to the overall understanding of knowledge accumulation in interaction in general and in theater rehearsals in particular. At the same time, it is devoted to the central importance of gestures in theater, which are both a means and a product of theatrical staging.
Stigma Associated with Alcohol and Other Drug Use Among People from Migrant and Ethnic Minority Groups: Results from a Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Douglass Caitlin H. , Win Thin Mar , Goutzamanis Stelliana , Lim Megan S. C. , Block Karen , Onsando Gerald , Hellard Margaret , Higgs Peter , Livingstone Charles , Horyniak Danielle 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStigma reduces access to alcohol and other drug (AOD) support. This systematic review explored perceptions and experiences of stigma associated with AOD use among migrant and ethnic minority groups. Qualitative studies published in English were identified using six databases. Two reviewers screened and critically appraised articles using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for qualitative studies. Data were synthesised using best fit framework synthesis. Twenty-three studies were included. Stigma drivers and facilitators included stereotypes, socio-cultural norms, legal responses and precarious lived experiences. Stigma intersected with gender, citizenship, race and ethnicity and manifested though shame, exclusion, secondary stigma and discrimination in treatment. Outcomes and impacts included avoidance of services, emotional distress, isolation and loneliness. This review identified similar stigma experiences to other populations, however outcomes were complicated by precarious lived experiences and multiple stigmatised identities. Multi-level interventions are required to reduce AOD-related stigma for migrant and ethnic minority groups.
Insights into Changing Dermatophyte Spectrum in India Through Analysis of Cumulative 161,245 Cases Between 1939 and 2021
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Ramachandran S. , Das Shukla , Bhattacharya S. N. , Taneja Bhupesh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDermatophytosis is one of the most common superficial infections of the skin affecting nearly one-fifth of the world population at any given time. With nearly 30% of worldwide terbinafine-resistance cases in Trichophyton mentagrophytes/Trichophyton interdigitale and Trichophyton rubrum reported from India in recent years, there is a significant burden of the emerging drug resistance epidemic on India. Here, we carry out a comprehensive retrospective analysis of dermatophytosis in India using 1038 research articles pertaining to 161,245 cases reported from 1939 to 2021. We find that dermatophytosis is prevalent in all parts of the country despite variable climatic conditions in different regions. Our results show T. rubrum as the most prevalent until 2015, with a sudden change in dermatophyte spectrum towards T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale complex since then. We also carried out an 18S rRNA-based phylogenetics and an average nucleotide identity-and single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis of available whole genomes and find very high relatedness among the prevalent dermatophytes, suggesting geographic specificity. The comprehensive epidemiological and phylogenomics analysis of dermatophytosis in India over the last 80 years, presented here, would help in region-specific prevention, control and treatment of dermatophyte infections, especially considering the large number of emerging resistance cases.
Modeling and Simulation of Coalescence in the Context of Oil Mist Filtration
Authors: Hoch Dennis , Weber Andreas , Niessner Jennifer 
Published: March 2023

AbstractToday, aerosols are generated in many industrial processes like machining or in pneumatic compressors. The harmfulness of these droplets often lies in the liquid itself, as it can be toxic or cancerous while exhaled natural aerosols can carry pathogens. For health protection, the filtration of these aerosols is an important task. The wetting properties of the fibers have a large influence on the filtration efficiency and coalescence of droplets on the fibers. Oleophilic fibers are better in capturing the oil particles, while drainage increases using oleophobic fibers. For improved efficiency and drainage properties, a mixed-wet fiber system could therefore be advantageous. Describing droplet capture and coalescence in filter-scale simulations is computationally extremely demanding. We present a new approach for simulating oil mist deposition and droplet coalescence, specifically accounting for the wettability of the fibers, especially for mixed-wet filter media. The aim is to gain a more realistic pressure loss of a fibrous filter structure which takes the presence of the filtered phase into account as well as the coalescence of the liquid phase on the fibers depending on the wettability and the fluid parameters. Our approach is to model the shape of deposited droplets via weighted distance maps, according to the contact angles. Starting from a sphere, the shape is fitted on the solid surface such that the contact angle is met. For validation purposes, volume-of-fluid-based simulations were set up using the same droplet-fiber system as a reference to compare the droplet shape and pressure loss in the presence of oil droplets on the fiber surface.
Lower need for allogeneic blood transfusion after robotic low anterior resection compared with open low anterior resection: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Wiklund Erik , Carlander Johan , Wagner Philippe , Engdahl Malin , Chabok Abbas , Nikberg Maziar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRobotic low anterior resection (R-LAR) for rectal cancer may decrease estimated blood loss compared with open low anterior resection (O-LAR). The aim of this study was to compare estimated blood loss and blood transfusion within 30 days after O-LAR and R-LAR. This was a retrospective matched cohort study based on prospectively registered data from Västmanland Hospital, Sweden. The first 52 patients operated on using R-LAR for rectal cancer at Västmanland Hospital were propensity score-matched 1:2 with patients who underwent O-LAR for age, sex, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology physical classification system), and tumor distance from the anal verge. In total, 52 patients in the R-LAR group and 104 patients in the O-LAR group were included. Estimated blood loss was significantly higher in the O-LAR group compared with R-LAR: 582.7 ml (SD ± 489.2) vs. 86.1 ml (SD ± 67.7); p < 0.001. Within 30 days after surgery, 43.3% of patients who received O-LAR and 11.5% who received R-LAR were treated with blood transfusion (p < 0.001). As a secondary post hoc finding, multivariable analysis identified O-LAR and lower pre-operative hemoglobin level as risk factors for the need of blood transfusion within 30 days after surgery. Patients who underwent R-LAR had significantly lower estimated blood loss and a need for peri- and post-operative blood transfusion compared with O-LAR. Open surgery was shown to be associated with an increased need for blood transfusion within 30 days after low anterior resection for rectal cancer.
Role of acute mechanical circulatory support devices in cardiogenic shock
Authors: Garg Pankaj , Hussain Md Walid Akram , Sareyyupoglu Basar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Cardiogenic shock is a state of low cardiac output that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A considerable proportion of patients with cardiogenic shock respond poorly to medical management and require acute mechanical circulatory support (AMCS) devices to improve tissue perfusion as well as to support the heart. In the last two decades, many new AMCS devices have been introduced to support the right, left, and both ventricles. All these devices vary in terms of the support they provide to the body and heart, mechanism of functioning, method of insertion, and adverse events. In this review, we compare and contrast the available percutaneous and surgically placed AMCS devices used in cardiogenic shock and discuss the associated clinical and hemodynamic data to make a conscious decision about choosing a device.
Proper Holomorphic Maps in Euclidean Spaces Avoiding Unbounded Convex Sets
Authors: Drinovec Drnovšek Barbara , Forstnerič Franc 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe show that if E is a closed convex set in $${\mathbb {C}}^n$$

C

n

$$(n>1)$$

(
n
>
1
)

contained in a closed halfspace H such that $$E\cap bH$$

E
∩
b
H

is nonempty and bounded, then the concave domain $$\Omega = {\mathbb {C}}^n{\setminus } E$$

Ω
=

C

n

\
E

contains images of proper holomorphic maps $$f:X\rightarrow {\mathbb {C}}^n$$

f
:
X
→

C

n

from any Stein manifold X of dimension $$<n$$

<
n

, with approximation of a given map on closed compact subsets of X. If in addition $$2\dim X+1\le n$$

2
dim
X
+
1
≤
n

then f can be chosen an embedding, and if $$2\dim X=n$$

2
dim
X
=
n

, then it can be chosen an immersion. Under a stronger condition on E, we also obtain the interpolation property for such maps on closed complex subvarieties.
A Note on the Critical Laplace Equation and Ricci Curvature
Authors: Fogagnolo Mattia , Malchiodi Andrea , Mazzieri Lorenzo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe study strictly positive solutions to the critical Laplace equation $$\begin{aligned} - \Delta u = n(n-2) u^{\frac{n+2}{n-2}}, \end{aligned}$$

-
Δ
u
=
n

(
n
-
2
)

u

n
+
2

n
-
2

,

decaying at most like $$d(o, x)^{-(n-2)/2}$$

d

(
o
,
x
)

-
(
n
-
2
)
/
2

, on complete noncompact manifolds (M, g) with nonnegative Ricci curvature, of dimension $$n \ge 3$$

n
≥
3

. We prove that, under an additional mild assumption on the volume growth, such a solution does not exist, unless (M, g) is isometric to $$\mathbb R^n$$

R
n

and u is a Talenti function. The method employs an elementary analysis of a suitable function defined along the level sets of u.
Singular Anisotropic Problems with Competition Phenomena
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Vetro Calogero , Vetro Francesca 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe consider a Dirichlet problem driven by the anisotropic (p(z), q(z))-Laplacian, with a parametric reaction exhibiting the combined effects of singular and concave-convex nonlinearities. The superlinear term may change sign. Using variational tools together with truncation and comparison techniques, we prove a global (for the parameter $$\lambda >0$$

λ
>
0

) existence and multiplicity theorem (a bifurcation-type theorem).
Global gateways as telecoupled human and natural systems: The emerging case of the Bering Strait
Authors: Waloven Sydney , Kapsar Kelly , Schwoerer Tobias , Berman Matthew , I. Schmidt Jennifer , Viña Andrés , Liu Jianguo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNumerous narrow marine passages around the world serve as essential gateways for the transportation of goods, the movement of people, and the migration of fish and wildlife. These global gateways facilitate human–nature interactions across distant regions. The socioeconomic and environmental interactions among distant coupled human and natural systems affect the sustainability of global gateways in complex ways. However, the assessment and analysis of global gateways are scattered and fragmented. To fill this knowledge gap, we frame global gateways as telecoupled human and natural systems using an emerging global gateway, the Bering Strait, as a demonstration. We examine how three telecoupling processes (tourism, vessel traffic, and natural resource development) impact and are impacted by the coupled human and natural system of the Bering Strait Region. Given that global gateways share many similarities, our analysis of the Bering Strait Region provides a foundation for the assessment of other telecoupled global gateways.
Mechanical properties and failure characteristics of sandstone under ramp loading paths
Authors: Zou Quanle , Ning Yanhao , Zhang Bichuan , Tian Shixiang , Jiang Zebiao , An Yuqi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe revelation of the mechanical behaviors of rock in complex stress conditions is of vital importance for the safe exploitation of underground resources. In this paper, the ramp loading path was designed to elaborate the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of sandstone under the compound action of linear loading path and cyclic loading and unloading path. The strength, deformation, AE and failure characteristics of sandstone under ramp loading paths were obtained. The research achievements indicate that with the increase of the amplitude and decrease of the stress change rate, the peak stress decreases. Elastic modulus is more greatly affected by the linear path stress than by the cyclic disturbance. The irreversible strain curve is L-shaped under a single loading and unloading cycle. Under lower amplitudes and higher stress change rates, the loading and unloading response ratio fluctuates largely and decreases slightly. Under lower amplitudes and higher stress change rates, the deformation and failure of sandstone caused by stress growth under the linear path is the leading cause for total deformation and failure of sandstone. Under higher amplitudes and lower stress change rates, cyclic loading and unloading are the dominant factor for the failure of sandstone. The research results are of scientific value for evaluating rock failure.
“Only the Rivers Do Not Come Back”: Conservation Displacement and Rural Responses in Costa Rica
Authors: Lenti Joseph U. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCosta Rica’s environmental regime is world renowned, and since the mid-twentieth century, the country has protected its inestimable natural resources via land conservation expropriation. Through conservation Costa Rica ended the historical plague of deforestation, and its national parks and nature reserves buttress an ecotourism industry that is an important source of foreign revenue. But with every act of conservation, a human toll was also paid. As rural lands became protected areas, rural people lost access to places they depended on for survival. They hence became “victims” or, to some, “enemies” of conservation, and in nearly every setting, they resisted by carrying out land invasions; squatting; unauthorized ranching, farming, and mining; and even environmental banditry (as with the burning of La Casona in Santa Rosa National Park in 2001). Focusing on a handful of celebrated cases of land conservation, this analysis demonstrates how the creation of natural havens such as Corcovado National Park in 1975 displaced rural people and the various ways those people responded.
Paleo‐Hydrogeological Modeling to Understand Present‐Day Groundwater Salinities in a Low‐Lying Coastal Groundwater System (Northwestern Germany)
Authors: Seibert Stephan L. , Greskowiak Janek , Bungenstock Friederike , Freund Holger , Karle Martina , Meyer Rena , Oude Essink Gualbert H. P. , van Engelen Joeri , Massmann Gudrun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGroundwater abstraction and drainage are considered to be the main drivers for the salinization of low‐lying coastal groundwater systems, while the role of past boundary conditions is less clear. In this study, 3‐D paleo‐hydrogeological variable‐density groundwater flow and salt transport modeling (“paleo‐modeling”) is applied to reconstruct the evolution of groundwater salinities during the Holocene, that is, the last 9,000 years, in Northwestern Germany. Novel aspects of this study include the consideration of highly resolved time‐variant boundary conditions in a 3‐D paleo‐modeling framework, for example, sea‐level rise, surface elevation and coastline changes, development of drainage networks and groundwater abstraction, as well as the quantification of isolated processes impacting salinization. Results show that salinization was a function of sea‐level rise from 9000 BP until 1300 CE. The creation of the dike line ∼1300 CE set the starting point for increasing anthropogenic control of the hydro(geo)logical system: changes in surface elevation and drainage of low‐lying marshes have become main drivers for salinization after 1600 CE when peat was artificially degenerated. Moreover, changes in the dike line caused by storm floods impacted the salinities. Model results for 2020 CE match well with present‐day salinity observations. Yet, salinization will continue in the future, as the hydro(geo)logical system has not reached an equilibrium. The presented paleo‐modeling framework can be viewed as a blueprint for similar low‐lying coastal groundwater systems, influenced by marine transgression and human development. Thereby, it enables the reconstruction of meaningful present‐day salinity distributions, serving as a vital basis for modeling future groundwater systems in a changing climate.
The Impact of Offshore‐Propagating Squall Lines on Coastal‐Mountain Flows
Authors: Wu Fan , Lombardo Kelly 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDynamical physical processes associated with an onshore moving marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL, i.e., sea breeze) over sloping terrain, sensitivity of these processes to MABL characteristics, and flow modifications induced by an offshore‐moving squall line are investigated using idealized simulations. The moving MABL gradually advances inland, exhibiting farther advancement and greater upslope wind speed for deeper and cooler MABLs. The local acceleration is primarily driven by a MABL‐generated perturbation pressure gradient force (PPGF). As the moving MABL air accumulates onshore over time, an opposing force associated with the increasing negative buoyancy eventually balances the PPGF and results in a quasi‐steady upslope flow. The approaching squall line disrupts this flow in two distinct ways; Initially the storm's cold pool enhances the ambient downslope winds which diminishes the upslope wind speeds, and subsequently the storm‐generated high‐frequency waves and the associated surface pressure low enhances the upslope‐directed PPGF which reintensifies the upslope flows.