bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Airline capacity distribution under financial budget and resource consideration
Authors: Zhou Jing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCapacity distribution is a challenging issue for an airline under financial budget and resource consideration. It is a large-scale optimization problem covering both long-term planning and short-term operating arrangements. This study investigates on the airline capacity distribution problem with financial budget and resource consideration. It contains subproblems of financial budget arrangement, fleet introduction, and fleet assignment. Among them, financial budget is arranged in multiple decision periods, fleet introduction is decided under fixed time points, while fleet assignment is decided under all available time points. To tackle this problem, an integer programming model is formulated for descriptions. Then, an integrated algorithm of modified Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) and Branch-and-bound (B&B) strategy is developed to find solutions. In detail, a greedy heuristic approach is utilized to generate an initial solution for fleet introduction, the modified B&B strategy is utilized to generate the optimal solution for fleet assignment and the modified VNS is applied to update current solution for a new one with better quality. In addition, budget limit checks are added for financial budget arrangements. Finally, the hybrid algorithm is tested on efficiency and stability. It is also compared to other algorithms which replace the modified VNS by basic VNS, differential evolution and genetic algorithm. Computational results show that performance of our approach is powerful in terms of objective value, convergence speed and stability.
The Interpersonal Comparative View of Welfare: Its Merits and Flaws
Authors: Harney Jonas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccording to the person-affecting view, the ethics of welfare should be cashed out in terms of how the individuals are affected. While the narrow version fails to solve the non-identity problem, the wide version is subject to the repugnant conclusion. A middle view promises to do better – the Interpersonal Comparative View of Welfare (ICV). It modifies the narrow view by abstracting away from individuals’ identities to account forinterpersonalgains and losses. The paper assesses ICV’s merits and flaws. ICV solves the non-identity problem, avoids the repugnant conclusion, and seems to accommodate the person-affecting intuition. But it cuts too many things along the way: ICV obstructs the advantage of the wide view to account for all future individuals’ welfare, abandons the intuitions that underlie the narrow view, and even violates its own presuppositions by turning out to be merely pseudo person-affecting.
Self-Adjointness of a Class of Multi-Spin–Boson Models with Ultraviolet Divergences
Authors: Lonigro Davide 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study a class of quantum Hamiltonian models describing a family ofNtwo-level systems (spins) coupled with a structured boson field of positive mass, with a rotating-wave coupling mediated by form factors possibly exhibiting ultraviolet divergences. Spin–spin interactions which do not modify the total number of excitations are also included. Generalizing previous results in the single-spin case, we provide explicit expressions for the self-adjointness domain and the resolvent of these models, both of them carrying an intricate dependence on the spin–field and spin–spin coupling via a family of concatenated propagators. This construction is also shown to be stable, in the norm resolvent sense, under approximations of the form factors via normalizable ones, for example an ultraviolet cutoff.
Towards augmented and mixed reality on future mobile networks
Authors: Cardoso Luís Fernando de Souza , Kimura Bruno Yuji Lino , Zorzal Ezequiel Roberto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAugmented and Mixed Reality (AR/MR) technologies enhance the human perception of the world by combining virtual and real environments. With the increase of mobile devices and the advent of 5G, this technology has the potential to become part of people’s life. This article aims to evaluate the impact of 5G and beyond mobile networks in the future of AR/MR. To attend to this objective, we surveyed four digital libraries to identify articles and reviews concerning AR/MR use based on mobile networks. The results describe the state-of-the-art of mobile AR/MR applications and the benefits and challenges of the technology. Finally, after the review, we propose a roadmap concerning AR/MR hardware and software development to run applications supported by future mobile networks.
Reintroduction of at-risk forest tree species using biotechnology depends on regulatory policy, informed by science and with public support
Authors: Jacobs Douglass F. , Dumroese R. Kasten , Brennan Andrea N. , Campbell Faith T. , Conrad Anna O. , Delborne Jason A. , Fitzsimmons Sara , Flores David , Giardina Christian P. , Greenwood Leigh , Martín Juan A. , Merkle Scott A. , Nelson C. Dana , Newhouse Andrew E. , Powell William A. , Romero-Severson Jeanne , Showalter David N. , Sniezko Richard A. , Strauss Steven H. , Westbrook Jared , Woodcock Paul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroduced pests (insects and pathogens) have rapidly increased the numbers of at-risk native forest tree species worldwide. Some keystone species have been functionally extirpated, resulting in severe commercial and ecological losses. When efforts to exclude or mitigate pests have failed, researchers have sometimes applied biotechnology tools to incorporate pest resistance in at-risk species to enable their reintroduction. Often erroneously equated solely with genetic engineering, biotechnology also includes traditional and genome informed breeding—and may provide a holistic approach toward applying genomic-based information and interventions to increase tree species’ pest resistance. Traditional tree breeding is responsible for successes to date, but new technologies offer hope to increase the efficiency of such efforts. Remarkable recent progress has been made, and for some at-risk species, novel biotechnological advances put reintroduction within reach. The high costs of reintroduction of at-risk species at necessary scale, however, will initially limit the pursuit to a few species. Successful deployment of pest resistant material may require improved species-specific knowledge and should integrate into and leverage existing reforestation systems, but these operations are sometimes rare where pest threats are greatest. While use of some biotechnologies, such as traditional tree breeding, are commonplace, others such as genetic engineering are controversial and highly regulated, yet may be the only viable means of achieving reintroduction of some at-risk species. Efforts to modify policy toward allowing the use of appropriate biotechnology, especially genetic engineering, have lagged. Provided that risk-benefits are favorable, policy is likely to follow with public opinion; in some countries, society is now increasingly open to using available biotechnologies. Continued engagement using the most recent advances in social science to build public trust, combined with a science-based collaboration among land managers and regulators, will generate the collective momentum needed to motivate policymakers to act rapidly given the speed at which forest health threats unfold and the large areas they affect.
Terahertz cancer imaging and sensing: open research challenges and opportunities
Authors: Gezimati Mavis , Singh Ghanshyam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere has been a rapid development of THz technology—sources, detectors and various THz imaging and sensing techniques. The THz technology demonstrates great potential as a modality for early, label free, non-ionizing and non-invasive detection of cancer. Some progressive technological development milestones have been achieved in this regard, however, to become clinically competitive and to provide the sought after real operational convenience, there is need for further research and development to overcome the existing challenges. This paper provides recent trends and perspectives through identification of existing challenges for the development of THz imaging and sensing systems that can evolve into actual medical modalities. We provide an overview of various aspects of THz technology, including techniques for imaging and sensing, mechanisms for THz image contrast and models for tissue dielectric responses to THz waves. The THz imaging application for detection of various cancers is briefed. The advantages of THz cancer imaging and sensing as well as the existing challenges are identified, with recommendations provided in contribution to future research. Further, some recent THz imaging and sensing developments such as the near-field methods to break the diffraction limit including waveguides, resonance and plasmonic metasurfaces are discussed. We emphasize the contribution of analytical algorithms that are based on machine learning, in particular, deep learning for the development of THz technology.Graphical abstract
Age-related decline of various cognitive functions in well-experienced male rats treated with the putative anti-aging compound (2R)-1-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-N-propylpentane-2-amine ((-)BPAP)
Authors: Ernyey Aliz Judit , Kassai Ferenc , Kozma Kata , Plangár Imola , Somfai Zsuzsa , Miklya Ildikó , Gyertyán István 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aging-associated cognitive disorders lack proper medication. To meet this need translation-wise, modification of the animal models is also required. In the present study, effect of the putative anti-aging compound (2R)-1-(1-benzofuran-2-yl)-N-propylpentane-2-amine ((-)BPAP, a deprenyl derivative) on age-related cognitive decline was investigated in experienced, aged Long-Evans rats. During their lifetime, animals had acquired knowledge in various cognitive assays. Their performance in these tests was then parallel followed from the age of 27 months until their death meanwhile half of them were treated with BPAP. Cognitive performance in various tasks showed different sensitivities/resistances to age-related impairment. Pot jumping performance (motor skill-learning) started to impair first, at 21 months of age, followed by decreasing performance in five-choice serial reaction time task (attention) at 26 months. Navigation performance in Morris water maze (spatial learning) started to decline at 31 months. Performance in a cooperation task (social cognition) started to decline the latest, at 34 months. Our findings suggest that in this process, the primary factor was the level of motivation to be engaged with the task and not losing the acquired knowledge. The average lifespan of the tested rat population was 36 months. BPAP could not improve the cognitive performance; neither could it prolong lifespan. A possible reason might be that dietary restriction and lifelong cognitive engagement had beneficial effects on cognitive capabilities and lifespan creating a “ceiling effect” for further improvement. The results confirmed that experienced animals provide a translationally relevant model to study age-related cognitive decline and measure the effect of putative anti-aging compounds.
Erwartete Schulprobleme als Folge der Corona-Schulschließungen im Frühjahr 2020 – Empirische Evidenz zur Bedeutung familialer Ressourcen mittels nichtlinearer Modellierung
Authors: Lorenz Jennifer , Ike Sina , Dammann Lea Maria , Becker Dominik , Säfken Benjamin , Silbersdorff Alexander 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungAngesichts der Schulschließungen im Zuge der Coronapandemie standen Schulen, Familien und Kinder in Deutschland im Frühjahr 2020 vor der großen Herausforderung, den Unterricht zu Hause fortzuführen. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht die Erwartungen der Eltern, dass innerhalb der kommenden sechs Monate Schulprobleme als Folge des Homeschoolings auftreten werden. In explorativer Herangehensweise werden zur Analyse nichtlineare Modelle eingesetzt. Im Zuge dessen werden nichtlineare Modelle vorgestellt und erläutert, um den Mehrwert im Vergleich zu den in der empirischen Bildungsforschung üblicherweise verwendeten Methoden hervorzuheben. Für die Analyse werden die verwendeten Daten des Nationalen Bildungspanels (NEPS) mit zusätzlichen Datenquellen wie dem COVID-19-Dashboard des Robert Koch-Instituts (RKI) kombiniert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die elterlichen Erwartungen zukünftiger Schulprobleme insbesondere unter jenen Eltern verbreitet waren, deren Kinder eine niedrige Lesekompetenz und eine geringe Sorgfältigkeit als Teilaspekt der schulischen Anstrengungsbereitschaft aufwiesen. Des Weiteren findet sich ein Zusammenhang zwischen einem niedrigeren beruflichen Status (ISEI) der Eltern und einer zunehmenden Erwartung von Schulproblemen. Weiterhin weisen die kurzfristigen und die langfristigen Sorgen der Eltern hinsichtlich Corona eine positive Assoziation auf und machen Schulprobleme in den Augen der Eltern wahrscheinlicher. Das Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, neben der erstmaligen Anwendung und Erläuterung von nichtlinearen Modellen in der empirischen Bildungsforschung, die Erwartung hinsichtlich Problemen des Homeschoolings im ersten Lockdown aus Elternsicht zu analysieren und Variablen zu explorieren, die diese elterlichen Erwartungen beeinflussen.
Increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway flux alters cell–cell adhesion in INS-1E cells and murine islets
Authors: Lofrumento Dario Domenico , Miraglia Alessandro , La Pesa Velia , Treglia Antonella Sonia , Chieppa Marcello , De Nuccio Francesco , Nicolardi Giuseppe , Miele Claudia , Beguinot Francesco , Garbi Corrado , Di Jeso Bruno 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In type 2 Diabetes, β-cell failure is caused by loss of cell mass, mostly by apoptosis, but also by simple dysfunction (dedifferentiation, decline of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion). Apoptosis and dysfunction are caused, at least in part, by glucotoxicity, in which increased flux of glucose in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway plays a role. In this study, we sought to clarify whether increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway flux affects another important aspect of β-cell physiology, that is β-cell–β-cell homotypic interactions.

Methods
We used INS-1E cells and murine islets. The expression and cellular distribution of E-cadherin and β-catenin was evaluated by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blot. Cell–cell adhesion was examined by the hanging-drop aggregation assay, islet architecture by isolation and microscopic observation.

Results
E-cadherin expression was not changed by increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway flux, however, there was a decrease of cell surface, and an increase in intracellular E-cadherin. Moreover, intracellular E-cadherin delocalized, at least in part, from the Golgi complex to the endoplasmic reticulum. Beta-catenin was found to parallel the E-cadherin redistribution, showing a dislocation from the plasmamembrane to the cytosol. These changes had as a phenotypic consequence a decreased ability of INS-1E to aggregate. Finally, in ex vivo experiments, glucosamine was able to alter islet structure and to decrease surface abundandance of E-cadherin and β-catenin.

Conclusion
Increased hexosamine biosynthetic pathway flux alters E-cadherin cellular localization both in INS-1E cells and murine islets and affects cell–cell adhesion and islet morphology. These changes are likely caused by alterations of E-cadherin function, highlighting a new potential target to counteract the consequences of glucotoxicity on β-cells.
Examining the Relationship between Subjective Well-being and Psychological Well-being among 12-Year-Old-Children from 30 Countries
Authors: Moreta-Herrera Rodrigo , Oriol-Granado Xavier , González-Carrasco Mònica , Vaca-Quintana Diego 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCross-cultural studies on the relationship between subjective and psychological well-being in children are still very limited. Consequently, proposing a model that considers the interaction of these constructs and examining its applicability in several countries would enhance the understanding of these phenomena in childhood. Thus, the objective of this study is to identify the latent relationship between subjective and psychological well-being, and to measure invariance in a sample of 12-year-old children from 30 countries. Through a quantitative methodology with a correlational design, we analyze data from 44,358 children who participated in the third wave of the International Survey of Children’s Well-Being (ISCWeB), using Structural Equations Modeling (SEM). Results suggest that levels of subjective and psychological well-being are moderate and high, respectively, and point to significant differences in well-being indicators by country. In addition, subjective well-being is related to psychological well-being through a general adjustment model with oblique factors. Finally, the model of latent relationships presents metric invariance across nationalities.
Liver Transplantation in Children with Advanced Hepatoblastoma: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Lai Yanhua , Wu Dan , Deng Ruihua , Li Jiazhi , Yang Jianrong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSurgery is a key factor for the curative treatment of hepatoblastoma. Recent evidence suggests that liver transplantation has a strong effect in treating advanced hepatoblastoma. However, there is no consensus on the effects of liver transplantation. This meta-analysis aims to identify the efficacy and safety of liver transplantation for advanced hepatoblastoma, compared with those of conventional liver resection. Electronic databases were searched for relevant studies published prior to June 2022 to evaluate the survival benefit and safety in patients with advanced hepatoblastoma. The primary outcomes were the overall survival and disease-free survival rates, and the secondary outcomes were the complication and tumor recurrence rates. Five relevant clinical studies with a total of 134 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with aggressive liver resection, liver transplantation had similar overall survival rates and disease-free survival rates after 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years (odds ratio (OR) 1 year = 0.89, 95% CI 0.21–3.79, P = 0.88; OR 3 years = 0.54, 95% CI 0.16–1.81, P = 0.32; OR 5 years = 1.24, 95% CI 0.22–6.82, P = 0.81; OR disease-free 1 year = 2.17, 95% CI 0.56–8.42, P = 0.26; OR disease-free 3 years = 1.42, 95% CI 0.48–4.17, P = 0.53; OR disease-free 5 years = 2.91, 95% CI 0.56–8.52, P = 0.26), tumor recurrence rates (OR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.24–1.60, P = 0.32), and complication rates (OR = 1.46, 95% CI 0.48–4.49, P = 0.51). Sensitivity analysis also demonstrated the same outcomes in terms of the tumor recurrence rate, complication rate, and overall and disease-free survival rates after 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years. The funnel plot indicated a low publication bias. Liver transplantation is an excellent option for advanced hepatoblastoma in children with acceptable perioperative complications, which is not inferior to liver resection. And liver transplantation should be considered the primary curative option when liver resection is not possible.
Impacts of regime shift on the fishery ecosystem in the coastal area of Kyoto prefecture, Sea of Japan, assessed using the Ecopath model
Authors: Inoue Hiroshi , Watari Shingo , Sawada Hideki , Lavergne Edouard , Yamashita Yoh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study assessed the impact of regime shifts on the ecosystems that support fisheries in the coastal area of Kyoto Prefecture, the Sea of Japan. Ecopath models were constructed during cold (1985) and warm (2013) regime periods, when the fishery structures were different. Both models evaluated by pre-balance diagnostics were reliably constructed. Multiple ecosystem indicator values were compared between the two periods to assess changes in the ecosystem structure and the impact of fisheries on the ecosystem. The major change in catches in the coastal area of Kyoto Prefecture between 1985 and 2013 was that the Japanese sardine drastically declined and Spanish mackerel increased. The primary production requirements of fisheries (%PPR) were higher in 1985, reflecting the greater impact of sardine. The mean trophic level of catch and system omnivory index suggested that stability of trophic network increased after the sharp decline in sardine biomass. The %PPR, the loss of secondary production due to fisheries exploitation and probability analysis of fishery sustainability suggested that the fishery structure in 2013, which was dominated by set nets, contributed to a more sustainable fishery than the structure in 1985, when fishery was dominated by purse seines and set nets.
The increase in streamflows and its impact on the probability of failure by sliding of the Santa Clara HPP dam using Monte Carlo method
Authors: Alberts Ronald , Marques Filho José 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRainfall behavior has been affected worldwide, probably because of climate change. In several cases, this modification generated more intense river streamflows. Risk assessment is essential to check the security of existing dams, and it provides guidance for the design of future hydraulic structures. The risk analysis approach helps new projects to comply with safety criteria, or it is a reliable method to guide the need for safety interventions or repairs and to help in the decision to increase their discharge capacity. A case study of the Santa Clara Hydro-Power Plant was carried out to analyze if there were changes in the design flood and the impact that these variations could have on the dam failure probability. The maximum streamflows determined at the time of the dam construction were compared with the streamflows found in the update of the hydrological studies. Analyzing the results, it was possible to find out there was an increase in streamflow rates. The Monte Carlo method was used to establish a curve correlating the affluent streamflow with the probability of failure, allowing to verify the update of the hydrological study of the project implied an increase in the probability of failure of 18.1% for the millennial flood.
Legal recommendations and psychological advice sports administrators can implement in the next pandemic
Authors: Yaacoub Salim , McInman Adrian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic exposed sports administrators’ lack of crisis management preparedness and athletes, coaches, and support staff’s lack of mental preparedness for a pandemic. Sports administrators were in the unenviable position of having to protect the health of their athletes, staff, and the wider population by preventing the spread of the COVID-19 disease with restrictive policies, such as bio-bubbles and quarantines, while at the same time not restricting anyone’s liberty and unalienable rights to pursue happiness. This article informs sports administrators how to balance health instructions from regulatory bodies with measures protecting individual liberty. It provides sports administrator’s legal recommendations they can follow and psychological advice that they can pass on to their athletes, coaches, and support staff. The article also explains to coaches and support staff how to manage, and athletes how to successfully cope with, future bio-bubbles, quarantines, and the next pandemic.