bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cannabidiol improves muscular lipid profile by affecting the expression of fatty acid transporters and inhibiting de novo lipogenesis
Authors: Bielawiec Patrycja , Dziemitko Sylwia , Konstantynowicz-Nowicka Karolina , Chabowski Adrian , Dzięcioł Janusz , Harasim-Symbor Ewa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObesity is one of the principal public health concerns leading to disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism, which is a risk factor for several chronic diseases, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, it turned out that cannabidiol (CBD) is a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of obesity and its complications. Therefore, in the present study, we used CBD therapy (intraperitoneal injections in a dose of 10 mg/kg of body mass for 14 days) in a rat model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Gas–liquid chromatography and Western blotting were applied in order to determine the intramuscular lipid content and total expression of selected proteins in the white and red gastrocnemius muscle, respectively. Based on fatty acid composition, we calculated de novo lipogenesis ratio (16:0/18:2n-6), desaturation ratio (18:1n-9/18:0), and elongation ratios (18:0/16:0, 20:0/18:0, 22:0/20:0 and 24:0/22:0), in the selected lipid fractions. Two-week CBD administration significantly reduced the intramuscular fatty acids (FAs) accumulation and inhibited de novo lipogenesis in different lipid pools (in the free fatty acid, diacylglycerol, and triacylglycerol fractions) in both muscle types, which coincided with a decrease in the expression of membrane fatty acid transporters (fatty acid translocase, membrane-associated fatty acid binding protein, and fatty acid transport proteins 1 and 4). Moreover, CBD application profoundly improved the elongation and desaturation ratios, which was in line with downregulated expression of enzymes from the family of elongases and desaturases regardless of the metabolism presented by the muscle type. To our knowledge, this study is the first that outlines the novel effects of CBD action on skeletal muscle with different types of metabolism (oxidative vs. glycolytic).
Discovery and comparative genomic analysis of a novel equine anellovirus, representing the first complete Mutorquevirus genome
Authors: Fisher Mathew , Nebroski Michelle , Davies Jennifer , Janzen Eugene , Sullivan Daniel , Lung Oliver 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe complete genome of a novel torque teno virus species (Torque teno equus virus 2 (TTEqV2) isolate Alberta/2018) was obtained by high-throughput sequencing (HTS) of nucleic acid extracted from the lung and liver tissue of a Quarter Horse gelding that died of nonsuppurative encephalitis in Alberta, Canada. The 2805 nucleotide circular genome is the first complete genome from the Mutorquevirus genus and has been approved as a new species by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. The genome contains several characteristic features of torque teno virus (TTV) genomes, including an ORF1 encoding a putative 631 aa capsid protein with an arginine-rich N-terminus, several rolling circle replication associated amino acid motifs, and a downstream polyadenylation signal. A smaller overlapping ORF2 encodes a protein with an amino acid motif (WX7HX3CXCX5H) which, in general, is highly conserved in TTVs and anelloviruses. The UTR contains two GC-rich tracts, two highly conserved 15 nucleotide sequences, and what appears to be an atypical TATA-box sequence also observed in two other TTV genera. Codon usage analysis of TTEqV2 and 11 other selected anelloviruses from five host species revealed a bias toward adenine ending (A3) codons in the anelloviruses, while in contrast, A3 codons were observed at a low frequency in horse and the four other associated host species examined. Phylogenetic analysis of TTV ORF1 sequences available to date shows TTEqV2 clusters with the only other currently reported member of the Mutorquevirus genus, Torque teno equus virus 1 (TTEqV1, KR902501). Genome-wide pairwise alignment of TTEqV2 and TTEqV1 shows the absence of several highly conserved TTV features within the UTR of TTEqV1, suggesting it is incomplete and TTEqV2 is the first complete genome within the genus Mutorquevirus.
Wearable device and smartphone data quantify ALS progression and may provide novel outcome measures
Authors: Johnson Stephen A. , Karas Marta , Burke Katherine M. , Straczkiewicz Marcin , Scheier Zoe A. , Clark Alison P. , Iwasaki Satoshi , Lahav Amir , Iyer Amrita S. , Onnela Jukka-Pekka , Berry James D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) therapeutic development has largely relied on staff-administered functional rating scales to determine treatment efficacy. We sought to determine if mobile applications (apps) and wearable devices can be used to quantify ALS disease progression through active (surveys) and passive (sensors) data collection. Forty ambulatory adults with ALS were followed for 6-months. The Beiwe app was used to administer the self-entry ALS functional rating scale-revised (ALSFRS-RSE) and the Rasch Overall ALS Disability Scale (ROADS) surveys every 2–4 weeks. Each participant used a wrist-worn activity monitor (ActiGraph Insight Watch) or an ankle-worn activity monitor (Modus StepWatch) continuously. Wearable device wear and app survey compliance were adequate. ALSFRS-R highly correlated with ALSFRS-RSE. Several wearable data daily physical activity measures demonstrated statistically significant change over time and associations with ALSFRS-RSE and ROADS. Active and passive digital data collection hold promise for novel ALS trial outcome measure development.
Primary cilia sense glutamine availability and respond via asparagine synthetase
Authors: Steidl Maria Elena , Nigro Elisa A. , Nielsen Anne Kallehauge , Pagliarini Roberto , Cassina Laura , Lampis Matteo , Podrini Christine , Chiaravalli Marco , Mannella Valeria , Distefano Gianfranco , Yang Ming , Aslanyan Mariam , Musco Giovanna , Roepman Ronald , Frezza Christian , Boletta Alessandra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDepriving cells of nutrients triggers an energetic crisis, which is resolved by metabolic rewiring and organelle reorganization. Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles at the cell surface, capable of integrating multiple metabolic and signalling cues, but their precise sensory function is not fully understood. Here we show that primary cilia respond to nutrient availability and adjust their length via glutamine-mediated anaplerosis facilitated by asparagine synthetase (ASNS). Nutrient deprivation causes cilia elongation, mediated by reduced mitochondrial function, ATP availability and AMPK activation independently of mTORC1. Of note, glutamine removal and replenishment is necessary and sufficient to induce ciliary elongation or retraction, respectively, under nutrient stress conditions both in vivo and in vitro by restoring mitochondrial anaplerosis via ASNS-dependent glutamate generation. Ift88-mutant cells lacking cilia show reduced glutamine-dependent mitochondrial anaplerosis during metabolic stress, due to reduced expression and activity of ASNS at the base of cilia. Our data indicate a role for cilia in responding to, and possibly sensing, cellular glutamine levels via ASNS during metabolic stress.
Stepwise increased spatial provenance contrast on the Chinese Loess Plateau over late Miocene-Pleistocene
Authors: Peng Wenbin , Zhang Haobo , Pullen Alex , Li Maotong , Pan Baotian , Xiao Wenjiao , Nie Junsheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Miocene–Holocene dust sequences composing the Chinese Loess Plateau are one of Earth’s most complete terrestrial eolian sediment archives. Here we present a zircon Uranium-Lead geochronology dataset for the eolian sequence from the northeastern plateau and compare the results with those from the central plateau. These data show a trend of increasing spatial provenance contrast from the late Miocene to the Pleistocene. This can be reasonably explained by the late Miocene uplift of the Qilian Shan, Pliocene intensification and increased variations of the Asian summer monsoons, Pleistocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciations, and possible formation of the current Yellow River course. These events changed sediment supply, availability, and wind strength, causing the observed pattern. These interpretations challenge assertions linking dust accumulation on the Loess Plateau primarily to aridification within the Asian interior, but rather point to a confluence of surface processes involving exhumation, monsoon, ice ages, and river reorganization.
Tailoring metal sites of FeCo-MOF nanozymes for significantly enhanced peroxidase-like activity
Authors: Cheng Xiqing , Xie Yameng , Li Guang , Zheng Zhiping , Kuang Qin 
Published: March 2023

A mixed metal–organic framework (FeCo-MOF-H2) with excellent peroxidase-like catalytic activity was successfully prepared, which showed great application potential in the detection of H2O2 and glutathione.
Fe-BPsalan complex-catalyzed asymmetric 1,3-dipolar [3 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of N,N′-cyclic azomethine imines with α,β-unsaturated acyl imidazoles
Authors: Lu Hao , Chen Kai-Ge , Li Gong-Xin , Zhan Kun , Wang Hao-Yang , Xu Zhen-Jiang , Che Chi-Ming 
Published: March 2023

A practical iron-catalyzed asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N,N′-cyclic azomethine imines with α,β-unsaturated acyl imidazoles was developed to afford N,N′-bicyclic pyrazolidine in good yields and excellent stereoselectivities (up to 98% ee).
Comparing Hearing Aid Outcomes in Adults Using Over-the-Counter and Hearing Care Professional Service Delivery Models
Authors: Swanepoel De Wet , Oosthuizen Ilze , Graham Marien Alet , Manchaiah Vinaya 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
More affordable hearing aids are now available due to over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aid regulations. Although laboratory studies have validated many OTC hearing technologies, there are limited real-world benefit studies. This study compared hearing aid outcomes reported by clients from OTC and conventional hearing care professional (HCP) service delivery models.

Method:

An ecological, cross-sectional survey design was employed. An online survey was sent to the Hearing Tracker user and OTC Lexie hearing aid user databases. Moreover, 656 hearing aid users completed the survey—406 through conventional HCP services (
M
age
= 66.7 ± 13.0 years) and 250 through the OTC model (
M
age
= 63.7 ± 12.2 years). Self-reported hearing aid benefit and satisfaction were measured with the International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids outcome tool.

Results:
No significant difference for overall hearing aid outcomes between HCP and OTC users was evident using regression analyses, controlling for age, gender, duration of hearing loss, duration before hearing aid purchase, self-reported hearing difficulty, and unilateral versus bilateral fitting. For the “daily use” domain, HCP clients reported significantly longer hours of daily use. For the “residual activity limitations” domain, OTC hearing aid users reported significantly less difficulty hearing in situations where they most wanted to hear better.

Conclusions:
OTC hearing aid outcomes could complement and provide similar satisfaction and benefit to HCP models for adults. Service delivery aspects such as self-fitting, acclimatization programs, remote support, behavioral incentivization, and payment options should be investigated for their potential role in OTC hearing aid outcomes.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22134788
Maximum Phonation Time as a Surrogate Marker for Airway Clearance Physiologic Capacity and Pulmonary Function in Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Tabor Gray Lauren , Donohue Cara , Vasilopoulos Terrie , Wymer James P. , Plowman Emily K. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
The increased use of telehealth practices has created a critical need for home-based surrogate markers for prognostic respiratory indicators of disease progression in persons with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (pALS). Given that phonation relies on the respiratory subsystem of speech production, we aimed to examine the relationships between maximum phonation time (MPT), forced vital capacity, and peak cough flow and to determine the discriminant ability of MPT to detect forced vital capacity and peak cough flow impairments in pALS.

Method:
MPT, peak cough flow, forced vital capacity, and ALS Functional Rating Scale scores were obtained from 62 pALS (El-Escorial Revised) every 3 months as part of a longitudinal natural history study. Pearson's correlations, linear regressions, and receiver operator characteristic curve analyses with the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were calculated.

Results:

The mean age of pALS was 63.14 ± 10.95 years, 49% were female, and 43% had bulbar onset. MPT predicted forced vital capacity,
F
(1, 225) = 117.96,
p
< .0001, and peak cough flow,
F
(1, 217) = 98.79,
p
< .0001. A significant interaction was noted between MPT and ALS Functional Rating Scale–Revised respiratory subscore for forced vital capacity,
F
(1, 222) = 6.7,
p
= .010, and peak cough flow,
F
(1, 215) = 4.37,
p
= .034. The discriminant ability of MPT was excellent for peak cough flow (AUC = 0.88) and acceptable for forced vital capacity (AUC = 0.78).

Conclusions:
MPT is a simple clinical test that can be measured via telehealth and represents a potential surrogate marker for important respiratory and airway clearance indices. Further larger studies are required to validate these findings with remote data collection.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22186408
Morphology of the gas-rich debris disk around HD 121617 with SPHERE observations in polarized light
Authors: Perrot Clément , Olofsson Johan , Kral Quentin , Thébault Philippe , Montesinos Matías , Kennedy Grant , Bayo Amelia , Iglesias Daniela , van Holstein Rob , Pinte Christophe 
Published: March 2023

Context. Debris disks are the signposts of collisionally eroding planetesimal circumstellar belts, whose study can put important constraints on the structure of extrasolar planetary systems. The best constraints on the morphology of such disks are often obtained from spatially resolved observations in scattered light. In this paper, we investigate the young (~16 Myr) bright gas-rich debris disk around HD 121617.
Aims. We use new scattered light observations from VLT/SPHERE to characterize the morphology and the dust properties of the debris disk. From these properties, we can then derive constraints on the physical and dynamical environment of this system, for which significant amounts of gas have been detected.
Methods. The disk morphology is constrained by linear polarimetric observations in the J band. Based on our modeling results and archival photometry, we also model the spectral energy distribution (SED) to put constraints on the total dust mass and dust size distribution. Finally, we explore different scenarios that could explain these new constraints.
Results. We present the first resolved image in scattered light of the debris disk around HD 121617. We fit the morphology of the disk, finding a semi-major axis of 78.3 ± 0.2 au, an inclination of 43.1 ± 0.2°, and a position angle of the major axis with respect to north of 239.8 ± 0.3°, which is compatible with the previous continuum and CO detection with ALMA. Our analysis shows that the disk has a very sharp inner edge, possibly sculpted by a yet-undetected planet or gas drag. While less sharp, its outer edge is steeper than expected for an unperturbed disk, which could also be due to a planet or gas drag, but future observations probing the system farther from the main belt would help explore this possibility further. The SED analysis leads to a dust mass of 0.21 ± 0.02 M⊕ and a minimum grain size of 0.87 ± 0.12 μm, smaller than the blowout size by radiation pressure, which is not unexpected for very bright collisionally active disks.
The proto-neutron star inner crust in the liquid phase
Authors: Dinh Thi H. , Fantina A. F. , Gulminelli F. 
Published: March 2023

Context. The crust of a neutron star is known to melt at a temperature that increases with increasing matter density, up to about 1010 K. At such high temperatures and beyond, the crustal ions are put into collective motion and the associated entropy contribution can affect both the thermodynamic properties and the composition of matter.
Aims. We studied the importance of this effect in different thermodynamic conditions relevant to the inner crust of the proto-neutron star, both at beta equilibrium and in the fixed-proton-fraction regime.
Methods. To this aim, we solved the hydrodynamic equations for an ion moving in an incompressible, irrotational, and non-viscous fluid, with different boundary conditions, thus leading to different prescriptions for the ion effective mass. We then employed a compressible liquid-drop approach in the one-component plasma approximation, including the renormalisation of the ion mass to account for the influence of the surrounding medium.
Results. We show that the cluster size is determined by the competition between the ion centre-of-mass motion and the interface properties, namely the Coulomb, surface, and curvature energies. In particular, including the translational free energy in the minimisation procedure can significantly reduce the optimal number of nucleons in the clusters and lead to an early dissolution of clusters in dense beta-equilibrated matter. On the other hand, we find that the impact of translational motion is reduced in scenarios where the proton fraction is assumed constant and is almost negligible on the inner-crust equation of state.
Conclusions. Our results show that the translational degrees of freedom affect the equilibrium composition of beta-equilibrated matter and the density and pressure of the crust-core transition in a non-negligible way, highlighting the importance of its inclusion when modelling the finite-temperature inner crust of the (proto-)neutron star.
Research on Space Protection and Renewal of Historic City Wall Landscape Belt in Modern City
Authors: Liu Qiming , Wang Yingqi 
Published: March 2023

Historical blocks play a very important role in the inheritance of a city’s context. The ancient city wall has always been a witness of the history and culture of various countries and nationalities, but it still stands despite the weather. For China, after the devastating destruction of the city demolition movement in the last century, there are not many relatively complete ancient city walls left. Ancient city walls played a military role in protecting towns in ancient times. In today’s world, ancient buildings bring people more spiritual culture and symbolic culture. It is more important to combine the development of historical blocks with modern cities. The significance of this combination to our contemporary social culture and social development is worth studying.
Taking the design of “Suocheng” ancient town in Yantai City, Shandong Province as an example, this paper analyzes the existing situation, the structure of the ancient city wall and the surrounding environment of the ancient town by means of on-the-spot investigation and literature research. Without destroying its essential spirit, it gives the meaning of the new era, digs more possibilities and functions, forms a complete spatial combination with landscape design, makes full use of new materials, combines new forms with ancient building forms, and makes efforts to repair the old, protect and protect it.
Nonpharmacological Methods to Reduce Pain During Active Labor in A Real-life Setting
Authors: Silva Clarissa Bernardes de Oliveira , Rodrigues Karine Mendonça Davi , Zoldan Camila , Nomura Roseli Mieko Yamamoto , Araujo Júnior Edward , Peixoto Alberto Borges 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the association between pain intensity in the active phase of the first stage of labor with the use or not of nonpharmacological methods for pain relief in a real-life scenario.
Methods This was an observational cross-sectional study. The variables analyzed were obtained by a questionnaire with the mothers (up to 48 hours postpartum) to investigate the intensity of pain during labor using the visual analog scale (VAS). The nonpharmacological pain relief methods routinely used in obstetric practice were evaluated by consulting medical records. The patients were separated into two groups: Group I – patients who did not use nonpharmacological methods for pain relief and Group II –patients who used these methods.
Results A total of 439 women who underwent vaginal delivery were included; 386 (87.9%) used at least 1 nonpharmacological method and 53 (12.1%) did not. The women who did not use nonpharmacological methods had significantly lower gestational age (37.2 versus 39.6 weeks, p < 0.001) and shorter duration of labor (24 versus 114 min, p < 0.001) than those who used the methods. There was no statistically significant difference in the pain scale score using the VAS between the group that used nonpharmacological methods and the group that did not (median 10 [minimum 2–maximum 10] versus 10 [minimum 6–maximum 10] p = 0.334).
Conclusion In a real-life setting, there was no difference in labor pain intensity between the patients who used nonpharmacological methods and those who did not use them during the active phase of labor.
Maternal Near Miss in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Silva Arlley Cleverson Belo da , Sun Sue Yazaki , Campanharo Felipe Favorette , Morooka Letícia Tiemi , Cecatti José Guilherme , Mattar Rosiane 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may cause irreversible organ damage. Pregnancy with SLE may have severe life-threatening risks. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of severe maternal morbidity (SMM) in patients with SLE and analyze the parameters that contributed to cases of greater severity.Methods This is a cross-sectional retrospective study from analysis of data retrieved from medical records of pregnant women with SLE treated at a University Hospital in Brazil. The pregnant women were divided in a control group without complications, a group with potentially life-threatening conditions (PLTC), and a group with maternal near miss (MNM).
Results The maternal near miss rate was 112.9 per 1,000 live births. The majority of PLTC (83.9%) and MNM (92.9%) cases had preterm deliveries with statistically significant increased risk compared with the control group (p = 0.0042; odds ratio [OR]: 12.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5–96.6 for the MNM group and p = 0.0001; OR: 4.84; 95%CI: 2.2–10.8 for the PLTC group). Severe maternal morbidity increases the risk of longer hospitalization (p < 0.0001; OR: 18.8; 95%CI: 7.0–50.6 and p < 0.0001; OR: 158.17; 95%CI: 17.6–1424,2 for the PLTC and MNM groups, respectively), newborns with low birthweight (p = 0.0006; OR: 3.67; 95%CI: 1.7–7.9 and p = 0.0009; OR: 17.68; 95%CI: 2–153.6) for the PLTC and MNM groups, respectively] as well as renal diseases (PLTC [8.9%; 33/56; p = 0.0069] and MNM [78.6%; 11/14; p = 0.0026]). Maternal near miss cases presented increased risk for neonatal death (p = 0.0128; OR: 38.4; 95%CI: 3.3–440.3]), and stillbirth and miscarriage (p = 0.0011; OR: 7.68; 95%CI: 2.2–26.3]).
Conclusion Systemic lupus erythematosus was significantly associated with severe maternal morbidity, longer hospitalizations, and increased risk of poor obstetric and neonatal outcomes.