bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
INTRINSIC STABILIZER REDUCTION AND GENERALIZED DONALDSON–THOMAS INVARIANTS
Authors: Savvas Michail 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLet
$\sigma $
be a stability condition on the bounded derived category
$D^b({\mathop{\mathrm {Coh}}\nolimits } W)$
of a Calabi–Yau threefold W and
$\mathcal {M}$
a moduli stack parametrizing
$\sigma $
-semistable objects of fixed topological type. We define generalized Donaldson–Thomas invariants which act as virtual counts of objects in
$\mathcal {M}$
, fully generalizing the approach introduced by Kiem, Li and the author in the case of semistable sheaves. We construct an associated proper Deligne–Mumford stack
$\widetilde {\mathcal {M}}^{\mathbb {C}^{\ast }}$
, called the
$\mathbb {C}^{\ast }$
-rigidified intrinsic stabilizer reduction of
$\mathcal {M}$
, with an induced semiperfect obstruction theory of virtual dimension zero, and define the generalized Donaldson–Thomas invariant via Kirwan blowups to be the degree of the associated virtual cycle
$[\widetilde {\mathcal {M}}]^{\mathrm {vir}} \in A_0(\widetilde {\mathcal {M}})$
. This stays invariant under deformations of the complex structure of W. Applications include Bridgeland stability, polynomial stability, Gieseker and slope stability.
Discrimination between protoporphyrinogen oxidase–inhibiting herbicide-resistant and herbicide-susceptible redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) with spectral reflectance
Authors: Jones Eric A. L. , Austin Robert , Dunne Jeffrey C. , Leon Ramon G. , Everman Wesley J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe current assays to confirm herbicide resistance can be time- and labor-intensive (dose–response) or require a skill set/technical equipment (genetic sequencing). Stakeholders could benefit from a rapid assay to confirm herbicide-resistant weeds to ensure sustainable crop production. Because protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-inhibiting herbicides rapidly interfere with chlorophyll production/integrity; we propose a new, rapid assay utilizing spectral reflectance to confirm resistance. Leaf disks were excised from two PPO-inhibiting herbicide-resistant (target-site [TSR] and non–target site [NTSR]) and herbicide-susceptible redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) populations and placed into a 24-well plate containing different concentrations (0 to 10 mM) of fomesafen for 48 h. A multispectral sensor captured images from the red (668 nm), green (560 nm), blue (475 nm), and red edge (717 nm) wavebands after a 48-h incubation period. The green leaf index (GLI) was utilized to determine spectral reflectance ratios of the treated leaf disks. Clear differences of spectral reflectance were observed in the red edge waveband for all populations treated with the 10 mM concentration in the dose–response assays. Differences of spectral reflectance were observed for the NTSR population compared with the TSR and susceptible populations treated with the 10 mM concentration in the green waveband and the GLI in the dose–response assay. Leaf disks from the aforementioned A. retroflexus populations and two additional susceptible populations were subjected to a similar assay with the discriminating concentration (10 mM). Spectral reflectance was different between the PPO-inhibiting herbicide-resistant and herbicide-susceptible populations in the red, blue, and green wavebands. Spectral reflectance was not distinctive between the populations in the red edge waveband and the GLI. The results provide a basis for rapidly (∼48 h) detecting PPO-inhibiting herbicide-resistant A. retroflexus via spectral reflectance. Discrimination between TSR and NTSR populations was possible only in the dose–response assay, but the assay still has utility in distinguishing herbicide-resistant plants from herbicide-susceptible plants.
Actor–Observer Asymmetry in Virtual Reality
Authors: Zhou Shuo , Won Andrea Stevenson 
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Actors and observers attend to different aspects of behavior, leading them to interpret the same event in distinct ways. Virtual reality technology enables users to easily switch their visual perspective and modify an avatar to represent users’ own or another’s identity. We conducted a pilot study ( n = 69) and a pre-registered main study ( n = 101) manipulating visual perspective and avatar identity to investigate their impacts on actor–observer asymmetry. We designed a ball-tossing game in an immersive virtual environment as a test case. Actor–observer differences were captured from four dimensions: participants’ engagement with the virtual event, behavior explanations, behavior evaluations, and perceived agency. Results showed that visual perspective was an important factor influencing people’s virtual experience. Viewing events from the first-person visual perspective increased event engagement indicated by greater self-presence in the virtual world and self-avatar merging. Participants with the third-person visual perspective judged avatar behavior more intentional and used more subjective reasons to explain it. People embodied in an avatar that resembled the self had more positive evaluations of the avatar’s behavior than those embodied in a stranger avatar. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of actor–observer asymmetry in virtual reality.
The Impetus for Bloom of Mesozoic Terrestrial Ecosystems in Northern China: Insights From Volcanic Nutrient and Harmful Element Delivery
Authors: Ma Chao , Tang Yanjie , Ying Jifeng , Zhao Xinmiao , Xiao Yan , Zhang Hongfu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Jehol and Yanliao biotas of northern China, two world‐class Lagerstätten with abundant biomass and biodiversity, provide critical clues to Mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems. Their evolution is a response to the destruction of the North China craton. However, the impetus for the rapid bloom of the biotas remains a mystery. Mesozoic large‐scale volcanic‐sedimentary strata in northern China are rich in terrestrial organisms. Statistical analyses show that volcanic nutrient element delivery, biomass, and biodiversity in these stratigraphic sequences increase synchronously, while harmful elements have the opposite change with them. These observations reveal the coevolutionary relationship between volcanism and terrestrial biotas. The increased nutrient element supply and inhibited harmful element delivery to terrestrial ecosystems from the voluminous volcanic products, produced under the geodynamic regime of paleo‐Pacific subduction and cratonic destruction, could create a conducive environment for the biodiversity and high prosperity of Mesozoic terrestrial biotas.
Critically short telomeres derepress retrotransposons to promote genome instability in embryonic stem cells
Authors: Zhao Nannan , Yin Guoxing , Liu Chun , Zhang Weiyu , Shen Yang , Wang Dan , Lin Zhenzhen , Yang Jiao , Mao Jian , Guo Renpeng , Zhang Yongwang , Wang Feng , Liu Zhe , Lu Xinyi , Liu Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTelomeres, at the ends of chromosomes, protect chromosomes from fusion and preserve genomic stability. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying telomere attrition-induced genome instability remain to be understood. We systematically analyzed the expression of retrotransposons and performed genomic sequencing of different cell and tissue types with telomeres of varying lengths due to telomerase deficiency. We found that critically short telomeres altered retrotransposon activity to promote genomic instability in mouse embryonic stem cells, as evidenced by elevated numbers of single nucleotide variants, indels and copy number variations (CNVs). Transpositions of retrotransposons such as LINE1 resulting from the short telomeres can also be found in these genomes with elevated number of mutations and CNVs. Retrotransposon activation is linked to increased chromatin accessibility, and reduced heterochromatin abundance correlates with short telomeres. Re-elongation of telomeres upon recovery of telomerase partly represses retrotransposons and heterochromatin accumulation. Together, our findings suggest a potential mechanism by which telomeres maintain genomic stability by suppressing chromatin accessibility and retrotransposon activity.
Reduced hepatic bradykinin degradation accounts for cold-induced BAT thermogenesis and WAT browning in male mice
Authors: Xiao Fei , Jiang Haizhou , Li Zi , Jiang Xiaoxue , Chen Shanghai , Niu Yuguo , Yin Hanrui , Shu Yousheng , Peng Bo , Lu Wei , Li Xiaoying , Li Zhigang , Lan Shujue , Xu Xiaoyan , Guo Feifan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn important role for liver in the regulation of adipose tissue thermogenesis upon cold exposure has been suggested; however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely defined. Here, we identify elevated serum bradykinin levels in response to acute cold exposure in male mice. A bolus of anti-bradykinin antibodies reduces body temperature during acute cold exposure, whereas bradykinin has the opposite effect. We demonstrate that bradykinin induces brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and white adipose tissue browning, and bradykinin increases uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in adipose tissue. The bradykinin B2 receptor (B2R), adrenergic signaling and nitric oxide signaling are involved in regulating bradykinin-increased UCP1 expression. Moreover, acute cold exposure inhibits hepatic prolyl endopeptidase (PREP) activity, causing reduced liver bradykinin degradation and increased serum bradykinin levels. Finally, by blocking the breakdown of bradykinin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) increase serum bradykinin levels and induce brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and white adipose tissue browning via B2R. Collectively, our data provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying organ crosstalk in whole-body physiology control during cold exposure and also suggest bradykinin as a possible anti-obesity target.
Multimodal dynamic and unclonable anti-counterfeiting using robust diamond microparticles on heterogeneous substrate
Authors: Zhang Tongtong , Wang Lingzhi , Wang Jing , Wang Zhongqiang , Gupta Madhav , Guo Xuyun , Zhu Ye , Yiu Yau Chuen , Hui Tony K. C. , Zhou Yan , Li Can , Lei Dangyuan , Li Kwai Hei , Wang Xinqiang , Wang Qi , Shao Lei , Chu Zhiqin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe growing prevalence of counterfeit products worldwide poses serious threats to economic security and human health. Developing advanced anti-counterfeiting materials with physical unclonable functions offers an attractive defense strategy. Here, we report multimodal, dynamic and unclonable anti-counterfeiting labels based on diamond microparticles containing silicon-vacancy centers. These chaotic microparticles are heterogeneously grown on silicon substrate by chemical vapor deposition, facilitating low-cost scalable fabrication. The intrinsically unclonable functions are introduced by the randomized features of each particle. The highly stable signals of photoluminescence from silicon-vacancy centers and light scattering from diamond microparticles can enable high-capacity optical encoding. Moreover, time-dependent encoding is achieved by modulating photoluminescence signals of silicon-vacancy centers via air oxidation. Exploiting the robustness of diamond, the developed labels exhibit ultrahigh stability in extreme application scenarios, including harsh chemical environments, high temperature, mechanical abrasion, and ultraviolet irradiation. Hence, our proposed system can be practically applied immediately as anti-counterfeiting labels in diverse fields.
Triboelectric-induced ion mobility for artificial intelligence-enhanced mid-infrared gas spectroscopy
Authors: Zhu Jianxiong , Ji Shanling , Ren Zhihao , Wu Wenyu , Zhang Zhihao , Ni Zhonghua , Liu Lei , Zhang Zhisheng , Song Aiguo , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIsopropyl alcohol molecules, as a biomarker for anti-virus diagnosis, play a significant role in the area of environmental safety and healthcare relating volatile organic compounds. However, conventional gas molecule detection exhibits dramatic drawbacks, like the strict working conditions of ion mobility methodology and weak light-matter interaction of mid-infrared spectroscopy, yielding limited response of targeted molecules. We propose a synergistic methodology of artificial intelligence-enhanced ion mobility and mid-infrared spectroscopy, leveraging the complementary features from the sensing signal in different dimensions to reach superior accuracy for isopropyl alcohol identification. We pull in “cold” plasma discharge from triboelectric generator which improves the mid-infrared spectroscopic response of isopropyl alcohol with good regression prediction. Moreover, this synergistic methodology achieves ~99.08% accuracy for a precise gas concentration prediction, even with interferences of different carbon-based gases. The synergistic methodology of artificial intelligence-enhanced system creates mechanism of accurate gas sensing for mixture and regression prediction in healthcare.
Methionine restriction constrains lipoylation and activates mitochondria for nitrogenic synthesis of amino acids
Authors: Fang Wen , Jiang Liu , Zhu Yibing , Yang Sen , Qiu Hong , Cheng Jiou , Liang Qingxi , Tu Zong-cai , Ye Cunqi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMethionine restriction (MR) provides metabolic benefits in many organisms. However, mechanisms underlying the MR-induced effect remain incompletely understood. Here, we show in the budding yeast S. cerevisiae that MR relays a signal of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) deprivation to adapt bioenergetic mitochondria to nitrogenic anabolism. In particular, decreases in cellular SAM constrain lipoate metabolism and protein lipoylation required for the operation of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in the mitochondria, leading to incomplete glucose oxidation with an exit of acetyl-CoA and α-ketoglutarate from the TCA cycle to the syntheses of amino acids, such as arginine and leucine. This mitochondrial response achieves a trade-off between energy metabolism and nitrogenic anabolism, which serves as an effector mechanism promoting cell survival under MR.
Entanglement-interference complementarity and experimental demonstration in a superconducting circuit
Authors: Huang Xin-Jie , Han Pei-Rong , Ning Wen , Yang Shou-Bang , Zhu Xin , Lü Jia-Hao , Zheng Ri-Hua , Li Hekang , Yang Zhen-Biao , Xu Kai , Yang Chui-Ping , Wu Qi-Cheng , Zheng Dongning , Fan Heng , Zheng Shi-Biao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractQuantum entanglement between an interfering particle and a detector for acquiring the which-path information plays a central role for enforcing Bohr’s complementarity principle. However, the quantitative relation between this entanglement and the fringe visibility remains untouched upon for an initial mixed state. Here we find an equality for quantifying this relation. Our equality characterizes how well the interference pattern can be preserved when an interfering particle, initially carrying a definite amount of coherence, is entangled, to a certain degree, with a which-path detector. This equality provides a connection between entanglement and interference in the unified framework of coherence, revealing the quantitative entanglement-interference complementarity. We experimentally demonstrate this relation with a superconducting circuit, where a resonator serves as a which-path detector for an interfering qubit. The measured fringe visibility of the qubit’s Ramsey signal and the qubit-resonator entanglement exhibit a complementary relation, in well agreement with the theoretical prediction.
Integrated optical beam steering device using switchable nanoantennas and a reflective metalens
Authors: Ghaffari Vahid , Yousefi Leila 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, an integrated optical device is proposed in which a reflective meta-lens and five switchable nano-antennas are combined to provide optical beam steering at the standard telecommunication wavelength of 1550 nm. For this purpose, a graphene-based switchable power divider is designed and integrated with nano-antennas to control the flow of the light entering the device. To achieve a higher angular accuracy in the radiated beams, a new algorithm is proposed and utilized to optimize the location of feeding nano-antennas in accordance with the reflective meta-lens. In order to achieve a minimum fluctuation in the light intensity when the beams are rotated in the space, an algorithm is developed to select optimum unit cells for the engineered meta-lens. The whole device is numerically analyzed using Electromagnetic full-wave simulations illustrating an optical beam steering with high accuracy (better than 1 degree) in the beam direction, and a low variation (less than 1 dB) in the radiated light intensity. The proposed integrated device can be used for many applications such as inter- and intra-chip optical interconnects, optical wireless communication systems, and advanced integrated LIDARs.
Evaluation of FRAX in patients with periprosthetic fractures following primary total hip and knee arthroplasty
Authors: Holzer Lukas A. , Borotschnig Lisa , Holzer Gerold 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) is a tool which calculates an individual 10-year fracture risk based on epidemiological data in patients with a risk of osteporosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of FRAX to estimate the risk of postoperative periprosthetic fractures (PPF) in patients following with total hip and knee arthroplasty. 167 patients (137 periprosthetic fractures in total hip arthroplasty and 30 periprosthetic fractures in total knee arthroplasty) were included in this study. Patients’ data was retrieved retrospectively. In each patient the 10-year probability of a major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) and an osteoporotic hip fracture (HF) was calculated using FRAX. According to the NOGG guideline 57% of total hip arthroplasty (THA) patients and 43.3% of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients were in need of osteoporosis treatment, whereas only 8% and 7% received an adequate one respectively. 56% of the patients with PPF after THA and 57% of the patients with PPF after TKA reported about a previous fracture. Significant associations between the 10-year probability of a MOF and HF calculated by FRAX and PPF in THA and TKA were seen. The results of the present study show that FRAX might have the potential to estimate the PPF in patients following THA and TKA. FRAX should be calculated before and after THA or TKA in order to assess the risk and counsel patients. The data show a clear undertreatment of patients with PPF in respect to osteoporosis.
A quantum trust and consultative transaction-based blockchain cybersecurity model for healthcare systems
Authors: Selvarajan Shitharth , Mouratidis Haralambos 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany researchers have been interested in healthcare cybersecurity for a long time since it can improve the security of patient and health record data. As a result, a lot of research is done in the field of cybersecurity that focuses on the safe exchange of health data between patients and the medical setting. It still has issues with high computational complexity, increased time consumption, and cost complexity, all of which have an impact on the effectiveness and performance of the complete security system. Hence this work proposes a technique called Consultative Transaction Key Generation and Management (CTKGM) to enable secure data sharing in healthcare systems. It generates a unique key pair based on random values with multiplicative operations and time stamps. The patient data is then safely stored in discrete blocks of hash values using the blockchain methodology. The Quantum Trust Reconciliation Agreement Model (QTRAM), which calculates the trust score based on the feedback data, ensures reliable and secure data transfer. By allowing safe communication between patients and the healthcare system based on feedback analysis and trust value, the proposed framework makes a novel contribution to the field. Additionally, during communication, the Tuna Swarm Optimization (TSO) method is employed to validate nonce verification messages. Nonce message verification is a part of QTRAM that helps verify the users during transmission. The effectiveness of the suggested scheme has been demonstrated by comparing the obtained findings with other current state-of-the-art models after a variety of evaluation metrics have been analyzed to test the performance of this security model.
A water stable and highly fluorescent Zn(ii) based metal–organic framework for fast detection of Hg2+, CrVI, and antibiotics
Authors: Li Chaoxiong , Sun Xuancheng , Meng Xianggao , Wang Dunjia , Zheng Chunyang 
Published: May 2023

A water-stable two-fold interpenetrated LMOF (1) with 1D channel structure and uncoordinated −NH2 group located onto the pore walls was obtained. 1 exhibits a fluorescent turn-off sensing behavior for Hg2+, Cr2O72−, CrO42− and antibiotics in aqueous solution.
The Feasibility and Benefits of a Virtual Yoga Practice for Stroke Survivors With Aphasia
Authors: Bislick Lauren , Dietz Aimee , Duncan E. Susan , Cornelius Karen 
Published: May 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to (a) examine the feasibility of a virtual, adapted, aphasia-friendly yoga program for people with aphasia; (b) evaluate evidence of improvement in patient-reported outcomes and word retrieval; (c) explore the immediate impact of a yoga session on participant subjective emotional state; and (d) assess participant motivation and perceived benefits of participating in a yoga program.

Method:
This feasibility study employed a mixed-method design to document the feasibility of a virtual, 8-week adapted yoga program. A pre-/posttreatment design was used to assess patient-reported outcome measures for resilience, stress, sleep, and pain, as well as word-finding abilities. Semistructured interviews with participants were thematically analyzed to provide insight into participants' motivation and perceptions regarding their experience.

Results:
Comparisons of pre- and postprogram group means suggest that participation in an 8-week adapted yoga program may positively impact perceptions of resilience (large effect), stress (medium effect), sleep disturbance (medium effect), and pain (small effect) for people with aphasia. Findings from within-session reports and brief, semistructured interviews with participants indicated positive outcomes and subjective experiences and suggest that people with aphasia are motivated to participate in yoga for a variety of reasons.

Conclusions:
This study is an important first step in confirming the feasibility of an adapted, aphasia-friendly yoga program offered via a remote platform for people with aphasia. The findings support recent work suggesting that yoga may be a potent adjunct to traditional rehabilitation efforts to improve resilience and psychosocial aspects in persons with aphasia.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22688125