bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The lack of environmental cooperation in the Maghreb
Authors: Kalpakian Jack V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis policy paper uses the Eightfold Path method developed by Bardach and Patashnik to study the problem that is the lack of Maghrebian trans‐boundary cooperation on the environment. It argues that political conflict has been allowed to obstruct a field that should remain nonpolitical. The paper concludes with policy recommendations intended to generate debate among decision makers and lead to more effective water management policies.
The role of pre‐ and post‐mating barriers in reproductive isolation in a dung beetle species complex
Authors: Lozano Daniel , Baena‐Díaz Fernanda , Favila Mario E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPre‐ and post‐zygotic reproductive barriers are key components of reproductive isolation (RI) between taxa. Their timing of appearance and their strength can tell us about the underlying processes promoting differentiation between taxa in allopatry.Canthon cyanellusLeConte (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) represents a species complex that has diversified recently, and the species delimitation is still unclear. In this study, we performed experimental crosses to evaluate pre‐mating reproductive barriers between three subspecies ofC. cyanellus:Canthon cyanellus cyanellus,Canthon cyanellus sallei, andCanthon cyanellus violetae.We further estimated post‐mating barriers by measuring fecundity and fertility in F1 and F2 generations in reciprocal crosses between two subspecies,C. c. cyanellusandC. c. sallei, and estimating the relative contribution of each barrier to total RI. Results showed that the subspecies are not strongly isolated overall, but asymmetric isolation was observed, with one cross accounting for 40% RI, whereas the other did not contribute to RI. Pre‐mating behavioral barriers accounted for a small fraction of total RI, whereas post‐mating (mostly post‐zygotic) barriers contributed to a larger extent. Fecundity and fertility in the F1 were higher than in parental populations, but this was strongly reduced in the F2. Our results suggest that diversification time between subspecies has been enough to accumulate genetic incompatibilities and indicate a faster accumulation of post‐ than pre‐zygotic reproductive barriers in this species complex.
Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Erysiphe japonica var. japonica found on Quercus aliena in Korea
Authors: Choi In‐Young , Abasova Lamiya , Choi Joon‐Ho , Choi Byoung‐Ki , Shin Hyeon‐Dong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn October 2022, Erysiphe powdery mildew from the section Typhulochaeta was found on Quercus aliena for the first time in Korea. Based on morphological characteristics and molecular‐phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) gene sequences of the rDNA, the fungus was identified as Erysiphe japonica var. japonica. This is the first report of E. japonica var. japonica in Korea and the third report of this mildew on Q. aliena, with this current fungus‐host association spreading to China and Japan. Based on Korean samples, this study provides detailed morphology and molecular phylogeny of E. japonica var. japonica.
Efficacy and safety of PD‐1 monoclonal antibody plus rituximab in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients
Authors: Qin Yan , He Xiaohui , Chen Xinrui , Xie Zucheng , Yang Jianliang , Yang Sheng , Liu Peng , Zhou Shengyu , Zhang Changgong , Gui Lin , Shi Yuankai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (r/r DLBCL) have poor outcomes and few treatment options. We report the preliminary results of the efficacy and safety of PD‐1 monoclonal antibody (mab) plus Rituximab for r/r DLBCL.MethodsIn this single‐center, single‐arm phase 2 and retrospective study, r/r DLBCL patients received PD‐1 mab and Rituximab every 3 weeks. Immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and probe capture‐based high‐resolution sequencing were performed. Efficacy, safety and prognostic factors were analyzed.ResultsBetween October 16th, 2018, and July 10th, 2022, 36 patients (10 patients in retrospective study and 26 patients in phase 2 study) were enrolled and received at least one dose of PD‐1 mab combined with Rituximab. The objective response rate was 52.8%. The median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival was 2.8 and 19.6 months, respectively. The median duration of response was 18.7 months. Rare grade 3 or 4 treatment related adverse events were observed. B2M mutations correlated with a significantly poor PFS (p = .013) and OS (p = .009) in DLBCL patients treated with this regimen.ConclusionPD‐1 mab combined with Rituximab could be a potential treatment option for r/r DLBCL with manageable safety profile.
Association of intracranial atherosclerosis with cerebral small vessel disease in a community‐based population
Authors: Wang Yicong , Cai Xueli , Li Hang , Jin Aoming , Jiang Lingling , Chen Weiqi , Jing Jing , Mei Lerong , Li Shan , Meng Xia , Wei Tiemin , Wang Yongjun , Pan Yuesong , Wang Yilong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between intracranial atherosclerosis and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).MethodsCommunity‐dwelling residents of Lishui, China in the PRECISE (Polyvascular Evaluation for Cognitive Impairment and Vascular Events) study were involved. Intracranial atherosclerosis was grouped by the severity of intracranial artery plaques with stenosis and burden. Four imaging markers including lacunes, white matter hyperintensity (WMH), cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), and perivascular spaces (PVS) as well as the CSVD burden scores were assessed. Logistic regression or ordinal logistic regression models with odds ratio (OR) or common OR (cOR) were used to estimate the relationship between intracranial atherosclerosis and CSVD markers and burdens.ResultsThe mean age was 61.20 ± 6.68 years, and 1424 (46.52%) were men among 3061 participants included at baseline. Intracranial atherosclerotic burden was associated with the severity of the lacunes (OR = 4.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.83–9.58), modified WMH burden (cOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.01–3.71), presence of CMBs (OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.05–4.94), and CMB burden (OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.03–4.80). However, it was not associated with the WMH burden and PVS. Intracranial atherosclerotic burden was associated with CSVD burden (Wardlaw: cOR = 2.73, 95% CI = 1.48–5.05; Rothwell: cOR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.47–4.95). The association between intracranial atherosclerosis and CSVD was obvious in participants with both anterior and posterior circulation artery stenosis.ConclusionsBased on a Chinese community population, there may be an association between intracranial atherosclerosis and CSVD, but its mechanism in relation to vascular risk factors still needs to be clarified.
Relapse‐associated worsening in a real‐life multiple sclerosis cohort: the role of age and pyramidal phenotype
Authors: Zanghì Aurora , Galgani Simonetta , Bellantonio Paolo , Zaffaroni Mauro , Borriello Giovanna , Inglese Matilde , Romano Silvia , Conte Antonella , Patti Francesco , Trojano Maria , Avolio Carlo , D'Amico Emanuele ,   for the Italian MS Registry
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe overall disability in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis is likely to be partly rather than entirely attributed to relapse.Materials and methodsThe aim was to investigate the determinants of recovery from first relapse and relapse‐associated worsening (RAW) in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis patients from the Italian MS Registry during a 5‐year epoch from the beginning of first‐line disease‐modifying therapy. To determine recovery, the functional system (FS) score was used to calculate the difference between the score on the date of maximum improvement and the score before the onset of relapse. Incomplete recovery was defined as a combination of partial (1 point in one FS) and poor recovery (2 points in one FS or 1 point in two FSs or any other higher combination). RAW was indicated by a confirmed disability accumulation measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale score confirmed 6 months after the first relapse.ResultsA total of 767 patients had at least one relapse within 5 years of therapy. Of these patients, 57.8% experienced incomplete recovery. Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.04; p = 0.007) and pyramidal phenotype were associated with incomplete recovery (OR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.41–3.14; p < 0.001). RAW was recorded in 179 (23.3%) patients. Age (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.04; p = 0.029) and pyramidal phenotype (OR = 1.84, 95% CI 1.18–2.88; p = 0.007) were the strongest predictors in the multivariable model.ConclusionsAge and pyramidal phenotype were the strongest determinants of RAW in early disease epochs.
Transcriptional analysis reveals distinct gene expression profiles of three bowenoid papulosis patients
Authors: Tang Yi , Zhu Xiaoxia , Lu Wei , Song Yinjing , Tao Xiaohua , Cheng Hao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBowenoid papulosis (BP) is a benign and possibly carcinogenic disease associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which has been increasingly recognised and paid attention to in recent years, but the potential mechanisms still remain unclear. In our study, three patients who were diagnosed with BP were enrolled into our research. Skin biopsies were taken and were separated into two parts, one part was for HE staining and the others were for RNA‐sequencing (RNA‐seq). All the three patents were human papillomavirus (HPV) positive and HE staining revealed typical skin histopathological changes in BP, including dyskeratosis, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the granular and spinous layers, atypical keratinocytes. RNA‐seq analysis demonstrated that a total of 486 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between the skin tissues from BP and the controls, among which, 320 genes were significantly upregulated and 166 genes were dramatically downregulated. GO enrichment revealed that antigen binding, cell cycle, immune response and keratinisation to be the most notably altered pathways, whereas KEGG analysis indicated that cell cycle cytokine‐cytokine receptor interaction, ECM receptor interaction and p53 signalling pathway to be the most significantly changed signalling pathways in BP. Furthermore, metabolism‐associated enrichment analysis showed that cholesterol metabolism, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome p450 and pyrimidine metabolism to be the most dramatically dysregulated metabolic pathways in BP as compared to normal controls. Our study revealed that inflammation, metabolism and cell proliferation signalling pathways might be the most important pathways for BP disease, targeted inhibiting of these signals might be a potential method for BP treatment.
Parent coordinators: Effective interventions in adolescent mental health
Authors: Mitnick Mindy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe mental health system in the US was not meeting the increasing needs of teens before the pandemic started in 2020. The pandemic served to stress adolescents and their parents while significantly limiting the availability of services. Separated parents may have disputes about whether adolescents have mental health care needs, what services the child needs, where those services will be obtained, and who will be involved. The Parenting Coordinator as a dispute resolution professional can assist families in reaching agreements and meeting their teen's needs for care.
The red herring of adolescent mental health
Authors: Greenwald O'Brien Jessica P. , Osman Yael , Sample Danielle K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn increase in adolescent distress and mental health symptoms has been clearly documented since the COVID‐19 pandemic, as has increased exposure to adverse childhood experiences. Layer on top of these stressors being a youth of divorcing or separating high conflict families, and adolescent symptomatology can suddenly become a flashpoint for parental attention, division and conflict. Approaching cases using an ecological and family systems framework is necessary for accurate conceptualization and assessment of best interests in the context of child custody evaluations. Doing so ensures that adolescent mental health does not become a red herring in high conflict cases, leading to undue focus on the adolescent's mental health without considering other salient factors in the case, such as the broader parent conflict. Programs offered at the Center of Excellence for Children, Families & the Law at William James College designed to improve the lives of youth by addressing parental conflict are described.
Potential drug–drug interactions in males living with HIV who use drugs to treat lower urinary tract symptoms
Authors: Burger David , Oosterhof Piter , Grintjes Karin , Marneef‐Pietersma Manon , d'Ancona Frank , Zhu Xiaoye , Keijmel Stephan , Richel Olivier , van Crevel Reinout , Jansen David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveLower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are becoming more prevalent in the ageing population of males living with HIV. Drugs to treat LUTS are known for both their potential role as victims in drug–drug interactions (DDIs) and their side effects. We aimed to evaluate the current use of drugs to treat LUTS and to assess potential DDIs in our cohort of adult males living with HIV.DesignThis was a retrospective review of pharmacy records.MethodsWe recorded the combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) regimen and any use of drugs to treat LUTS (anatomical therapeutic chemical codes G04CA/CB/CX and G04BD). Potential DDIs were assessed using the interaction checker developed by the University of Liverpool (https://www.hiv-druginteractions.org/checker).ResultsA total of 411 adult males living with HIV were included in this analysis. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age was 53 (41–62) years. Nineteen (4.6%) patients used one or more drugs to treat LUTS. As expected, older patients were more likely to be receiving treatment for LUTS: Q1 (20–40 years) = 0%; Q2 (41–52 years) = 2%; Q3 (53–61 years) = 7%; Q4 (62–79 years) = 10%. Seven potential DDIs between cART and LUTS treatment were noted in six of the 19 (32%) patients. Following medication reviews of these six patients, the following interventions were proposed: evaluate safe use of alpha‐blocker (n = 4), change in cART (n = 2), and dose reduction of the anticholinergic agent (n = 1).ConclusionTreatment for LUTS coincided with cART in 7%–10% of patients aged above the median age of 53 years in our cohort. Improvements in DDI management appeared to be possible in this growing cohort of males living with HIV and with LUTS.
The effect of foamed cement nanocomposite as counter electrode on the performance of dye‐sensitized solar cell
Authors: Falahdoost Moghadam Samira , Ahmadi Khadijeh , Abdolahzadeh Ziabari Ali , Novin Vajari Sina , Omidtabrizi Farbod 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImproper interparticle connection between carbon‐based materials, poor interface bonding between the carbon counter electrodes (CEs) and substrate, and low surface area are the main limitations of carbon‐based CEs in dye‐sensitized solar cells. In this study, we utilized foamed cement and binder for adherence and surface area improvement in carbon‐based CEs, such as graphite, multi‐walled carbon nanotubes, and carbon black (CB). The results revealed that incorporating foamed cement into carbon materials improved the resistance, short‐circuit current density, fill factor, and power conversion efficiency of the device. The porous cement/CB nanocomposite CE with a photoconversion efficiency of 5.51% exhibited the best photovoltaic performance. Moreover, this nanocomposite electrode showed an enhancement catalytic activity by high current density in cyclic voltammogram, low charge transfer resistance ) in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and high exchange current density in Tafel measurements compared to other electrodes. The porosity of foamed cement has been found to be the main cause of its superior photovoltaic performance, which expands the contact area with the electrode and enables rich ion transport. Additionally, the enhanced performance was due to strong bonding, crack‐free deposited films, superior conductivity, and high catalytic activity.
Evaluation of fracture behavior of lightweight magnesia‐based refractories via wedge splitting test along with acoustic emission detection
Authors: Yan Junjie , Yan Wen , Dai Yajie , Li Guangqiang , Wang Xiao , Yin Yucheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe effect of spinel powder on the fracture behavior and mechanical properties of lightweight magnesia‐based refractories containing microporous magnesia aggregates with high apparent porosity (37.4%) were investigated by the wedge splitting test (WST) with the digital image correlation and acoustic emission. With the addition of spinel powder, lightweight magnesia spinel refractories showed a higher cold compressive strength compared with lightweight pure magnesia refractories. From the WST, the addition of spinel powder increased the specific fracture energy and characteristic length of lightweight magnesia spinel refractories, which improved the crack propagation resistance. The increased tortuosity of main crack and a higher ratio of crack propagation along the aggregates/matrix interface were main reasons for reducing the brittleness of lightweight magnesia spinel refractories. Besides, acoustic emission (AE) signal activity indicated that the propagation of pregenerated micro‐cracks by the thermal mismatch and the development of fracture progress zone were primary ways to consume energy in lightweight magnesia spinel refractories. The reduced proportion of crack propagation within aggregates was also detected by the peak frequency of AE signals in lightweight magnesia spinel refractories. For microporous magnesia aggregates with high apparent porosity (37.4%), lightweight magnesia spinel refractories also showed reduced brittleness fracture behavior than lightweight pure magnesia refractories.
Molecular diagnosis of hereditary hemolytic anemias: Recent updates
Authors: Agarwal Archana M. , Rets Anton V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHereditary hemolytic anemia (HHA) is a heterogeneous group of disorders due to genetically caused defects in red blood cell membrane structure, enzymes, heme and globin synthesis, erythroid proliferation, and differentiation. Traditionally, the diagnostic process is complex and includes a plethora of tests from routine to highly specialized ones. The inclusion of molecular testing has significantly improved the diagnostic yield. The value of molecular testing is broader than just rendering the correct diagnosis, as it may also guide therapeutic decisions. As more molecular modalities become available for clinical use, it is imperative to understand their benefits and disadvantages pertaining to the HHA diagnostics. Re‐evaluation of the traditional diagnostic workflow may also bring forth additional benefits. This review focuses on the current state of molecular testing for HHA.
Use of Ripple mapping to enhance localization and ablation of outflow tract premature ventricular contractions
Authors: Arps Kelly , Barnett Adam S. , Koontz Jason I. , Pokorney Sean D. , Jackson Kevin P. , Bahnson Tristram D. , Piccini Jonathan P. , Sun Albert Y. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionAccurate localization of septal outflow tract premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) is often difficult due to frequent mid‐myocardial or protected origin. Compared with traditional activation mapping, CARTO Ripple mapping provides visualization of all captured electrogram data without assignment of a specific local activation time and thus may enhance PVC localization.MethodsElectroanatomic maps for consecutive catheter ablation procedures for septal outflow tract PVCs (July 2018–December 2020) were analyzed. For each PVC, we identified the earliest local activation point (EA), defined by the point of maximal –dV/dt in a simultaneously recorded unipolar electrogram, and the earliest Ripple signal (ERS), defined as the earliest point at which three grouped simultaneous Ripple bars appeared in late diastole. Immediate success was defined as full suppression of the clinical PVC.ResultsFifty‐seven unique PVCs in 55 procedures were included. When ERS and EA were in the same chamber (RV, LV, or CS), the odds ratio for the successful procedure was 13.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2–79.9, p = .005). Discordance between sites was associated with a higher likelihood of needing multi‐site ablation (odds ratio [OR] 7.9 [1.4–4.6; p = .020]). Median EA‐ERS distance in successful versus unsuccessful cases was 4.6 mm (interquartile range 2.9–8.5) versus 12.5 mm (7.8–18.5); (p = .020).ConclusionGreater EA‐ERS concordance was associated with higher odds of single‐site PVC suppression and successful septal outflow tract PVC ablation. Visualization of complex signals via automated Ripple mapping may offer rapid localization information complementary to local activation mapping for PVCs of mid‐myocardial origin.
Differential feeding responses in two species of nectivorous ants: Understanding bait palatability preferences of Argentine ants
Authors: Moauro Mariel , Josens Roxana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr) (Formicidae: Dolichoderini), has become one of the most invasive species in the world, causing economic and ecological imbalances due to its ability to dominate new environments. Although borated liquid baits are effective for its chemical control, as well as for other nectivorous ants, there are particularities in the response of each species. In feeding‐motivation controlled experiments, L. humile accepts boric acid more than borax (sodium borate); meanwhile, the opposite occurs with the carpenter ant, Camponotus mus (Roger) (Formicidae: Camponotini). To understand which aspects of the borax bait negatively affect its palatability for the Argentine ants, we analysed the individual feeding behaviour on sugar baits considering the number of boron‐equivalents offered, the sodium concentration and the alkaline pH and then compared their response to that of C. mus. We found that L. humile rejected borax baits more than the mixture of boric acid and sodium borate. However, they accepted the boric acid bait similar to the plain sugar solution (control). The addition of sodium (NaCl) to sugar solutions shortened feeding time in this species, but not in the carpenter ant. Finally, alkalinizing the bait with L‐arginine or potassium hydroxide (KOH) generated shorter intake times in L. humile, but not in C. mus. Our results showed that both the presence of sodium and a basic pH may discourage ingestion in the Argentine ant and also evidence the different responses towards the baits that can occur among ant species that share similar feeding habits. Understanding particular responses of the target Argentine ant is a key tool for more specific and efficient pest control strategies.