bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of pioglitazone on electrocardiogram parameters and heart rate variability in isoproterenol- induced cardiac ischemia in rat
Authors: Farokhipour Maryam , Dehghanian Amirreza , Fatemikia Hossein , Ketabchi Farzaneh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
In this study, we aimed to determine whether short-term treatment with PPAR-γ agonist pioglitazone could influence electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters and heart rate variability (HRV) in isoproterenol-induced cardiac ischemia at rest and after phenylephrine injection.
Methods
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into Sham, pioglitazone (PIO, 3 mg/kg, i.p.), isoproterenol-induced cardiac ischemia (ISO, 150 mg/kg, subcutaneously at 24-hour intervals on days 4 and 5), and PIO + ISO groups. Saline (in the Sham and ISO groups) or pioglitazone (in the PIO and PIO + ISO groups) were administered for 5 days. On day 6, tracheostomy and cannulation of the femoral artery and vein were performed under deep anesthesia. Then, blood pressure (BP) and ECG were recorded and HRV analysed.
Results
Baroreflex induced by intravenous injection of phenylephrine (10 µg/0.1 ml) increased BP and decreased heart rate (HR) in all groups. HR, QT interval, and QTc in the ISO group were more than in the Sham group at baseline and in baroreflex. Pioglitazone decreased the mentioned parameters in the PIO + ISO group. HRV analysis showed reductions in parasympathetic components of HRV in the ISO group, whereas pioglitazone corrected it in the PIO + ISO group. Cardiac markers, malondialdehyde, white blood cells, and heart/body weight ratio were more in the ISO group than those in the Sham group. All mentioned parameters were lower in the PIO + ISO group than those in the ISO group.
Conclusion
We indicated pioglitazone improves the electrical conduction of the heart and HRV in cardiac ischemia through modulating the inflammatory reactions.
Performance Verification and Latency Time Evaluation of Hardware Image Processing Module for Appearance Inspection Systems using FPGA
Authors: Yukinobu Hoshino , Shimasaki Masahiro , Namal Rathnayake , Linh Dang Tuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper analyzes a hardware-accelerated image processing module for visual inspection systems. These systems are important for maintaining product quality and decreasing manual inspection. The proposed system harnesses FPGA technology to enhance the efficiency of image processing tasks, with a specific focus on filtering and labeling processes. In order to evaluate the performance gains achieved through hardware processing, the latency metric is put to use, which holds significant importance in real-time applications. The FPGA-based hardware processing methods have been shown to be highly effective in enhancing the performance of visual inspection systems. The experimental results prove that these methods successfully reduce latency up to the microsecond level, resulting in remarkable improvements in overall system performance. On average, the FPGA-based solution is demonstrated to be 10-100 times faster than conventional processors. Additionally, a notable advantage of this approach is its ability to synchronize processing with the inspection target flow, leveraging the camera device and sensor timing.
Experimental Investigation on the Side Mode Injection Locking of a Single-loop OEO under RF Signal Injection
Authors: Sarkar Jayjeet , Banerjee Abhijit , Pacheco Gefeson Mendes , Das Nikhil Ranjan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article mainly focuses on the side mode injection locking phenomena when a single-loop optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) is under RF signal injection. The analyses are made regarding lock range, phase noise and locking time. Also, a comparative study has been prepared when the OEO is injection-locked in the first side and the main mode. We show that the lock range is smaller for injection-locked OEO in the first side mode than in the main mode. The phase noise performance of the OEO for both cases is also demonstrated. It is exhibited that the phase noise performance is better in the case of injection-locked OEO at first side mode, particularly in a strong injection regime. The transient behaviour is also approximated by measuring locking time in both cases. The lock range, phase noise and locking time dependency on optical fibre length have also been studied. Finally, we perform experiments to support our analytical findings developed earlier.
Intercropping regulated microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil by altering microbial nutrient limitations: Evidence from proso millet/mung bean intercropping system
Authors: Gong Xiangwei , Wang Xuelian , Li Xiangyu , Sun Sitong , Dang Ke , Feng Baili 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aims Soil microbes are important for explaining nutrient cycling and ecosystem functions in the green and sustainable agriculture. However, our understand of the responses of microbial communities to nutrient limitation in the farmland ecosystem remains limited.Methods We investigated rhizosphere soil microbial community structures and metabolic characteristics in proso millet/mung bean intercropping system, and further analyzed the relationship between the microbial communities and nutrient limitation based on the high–throughput sequencing.Results Compared to sole cropping, both the rhizosphere soil of two crops microbial communities were greatly limited by nitrogen (N) under intercropping system via the vector analysis, regardless of proso millet or mung bean. Linear regression analysis of soil nutrients, microbes, and threshold elemental ratio directly verified this phenomenon. Soil microbial community diversity and composition were significantly regulated by intercropping and total carbon:total nitrogen (TC:TN) and β–1,4–glucosidase:(β–1,4–N–acetylglucosaminidase + leucine aminopeptidase) (BG:(NAG + LAP)) was the key factor influencing bacterial and fungal community structure by the redundancy analysis and partial least squares path modelling, respectively. Intercropping altered the soil microbial topological properties of the networks, and the ecological connectivity of bacterial taxa was tighter than those of fungi. The microbial metabolic limitations were strongly related to community compositions, such as Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria for bacteria and Ascomycota for fungi, ultimately revealing that key functions of microbial metabolism in shaping microbial communities.Conclusions Our results highlight that the key roles of microbial nutrient limitation in optimizing community structure and ecological functions and heighten our cognition degree of soil–microbe interactions in the farmland ecosystem.
Current Collectors Corrosion Behaviours and Rechargeability of TiO2 in Aqueous Electrolyte Aluminium-ion Batteries
Authors: Unal Burcu , Sel Ozlem , Demir-Cakan Rezan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The effects of current collectors on the battery performance have significant role, especially in aqueous electrolyte Al-ion batteries, as corrosion effects lead to rapid capacity degradation over cycles. To overcome this problem, we present a study investigating the selection of suitable current collectors and their impact on battery performance. Four different current collectors are selected for this purpose: stainless steel (SS), nickel foil (Ni), titanium foil (Ti) and graphite plate (GP). It has been proven by corrosion tests, cyclic voltammetry and charge-discharge studies that GP is the best current collector by minimizing the corrosion effect and H2 evolution reaction (HER). The anatase phase TiO2 used with GP current collector provides a 249 mAh/g initial discharge capacity at a current density of 3A/g, while inferior or no electrochemical activity is observed with Ti, SS, Ni current collectors. The observations here provide insights into the selection of corrosion-resistant current collectors to achieve stable battery performance in the field of aqueous electrolyte Al-ion batteries.
Clinical Study on Low-intensity Ultrasound Stimulated Microbubbles to Enhance Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Xiaoqin , Lan Jin , He Lijun , Zhu Qiong , Zhang Jie , Dong Xiaoxiao , Liu Zheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
low-intensity ultrasound stimulated microbubbles (USMB), utilizing microbubble-assisted ultrasound cavitation, has the potential to enhance tumor blood perfusion and improve chemotherapy effectiveness. It has been shown to extend survival in pancreatic cancer patients. This study aims to explore the safety and efficacy of USMB in enhancing neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) for breast cancer.
Methods
Seventeen breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 7). The experimental group received USMB treatment within 1 hour after each NAC cycle, while the control group underwent ultrasound sham imaging. Adverse events were recorded for both groups. The objective response rate was defined as the percentage of patients who had a best-response rating of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) confirmed according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1). Tumor perfusion was analyzed through the time-intensity curve (TIC) before and after each USMB treatment, obtaining parameters such as peak enhancement (PE), wash-in area under the curve (WiAUC), wash-out area under the curve (WoAUC), and wash-in and wash-out area under the curve (WiWoAUC). This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration Number: ChiCTR2200056718).
Results
Three out of 17 patients were lost to follow-up. The comparison of adverse event rates between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference. According to the RECIST 1.1, in the experimental group, one subject achieved CR, five subjects achieved PR, and three subjects had stable disease (SD). In the control group, three subjects achieved PR and two subjects had SD. There was no statistically significant difference in the objective response rate (66.7% vs. 60%, p > 0.99). In the experimental group, the PE, WiAUC, WoAUC, and WiWoAUC of breast cancer showed a significant increase compared to pre-USMB treatment (p = 0.03, p = 0.01, p = 0.03, p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Low-intensity USMB treatment does not increase adverse events to NAC and improves blood perfusion in breast cancer. However, further large-sample, multicenter clinical studies are needed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of USMB treatment.
Lung ultrasound score as a predictor of failure to wean COVID-19 patients off mechanical ventilation: a prospective observational study
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhang Fan , Yao Yuan-yuan , Chen Yue-xiu , Wu Chao-min , Wang Rui-yu , Gao Qi , Lv Tao , Xu Guang-xin , Zou Jing-cheng , Yan Min 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The lung ultrasound score was developed for rapidly assessing the extent of lung ventilation, and it can predict failure to wean various types of patients off mechanical ventilation. Whether it is also effective for COVID-19 patients is unclear.
Methods
This single-center, prospective, observational study was conducted to assess the ability of the 12-region lung ultrasound score to predict failure to wean COVID-19 patients off ventilation. In parallel, we assessed whether right hemidiaphragmatic excursion or previously published predictors of weaning failure can apply to these patients. Predictive ability was assessed in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
Results
Among the 35 patients in the study, 12 patients (37%) could not be weaned off mechanical ventilation. The lung ultrasound score predicted these failures with an AUC of 0.885 (95% CI 0.770–0.999, p < 0.001), and a threshold score of 10 provided specificity of 72.7% and sensitivity of 92.3%. AUCs were lower for previously published predictors of weaning failure, and right hemidiaphragmatic excursion did not differ significantly between the two groups.
Conclusions
The lung ultrasound score can accurately predict failure to wean critically ill COVID-19 patients off mechanical ventilation, whereas assessment of right hemidiaphragmatic excursion does not appear helpful in this regard.
Trial registration:
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05706441
Fake News Detection Using a Logistic Regression Model and Natural Language Processing Techniques
Authors: Adeyiga Johnson Adeleke , Toriola Philip Gbounmi , Abioye(Ogunbiyi) Temitope Elizabeth , Oluwatosin Adebisi Esther , Arogundade oluwasefunmi 'Tale 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The proliferation of fake news has become a significant challenge in recent years, impacting democracy, the journalism industry, and people's daily lives. The spread of intentionally misleading or fabricated information has led to a decline in confidence in government institutions and has profound implications for people's daily lives. This study aims to detect false information and real news using logistic regression algorithms and natural language processing techniques, implement the model using Python, and develop a website for news classification. The "Fake News Detection" dataset from Kaggle, consisting of approximately 20,000 news articles labelled as real or fake, was used. Data cleaning was done and feature extraction techniques, including Term Frequency – Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) vectorization, was applied to extract features from the data. The logistic regression model with K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Passive Aggressive classifier and Naïve Bayes model were trained on the extracted features and evaluated using various metrics. The system was implemented using Python and Google Collaboratory, with the front-end of the website developed using Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML), Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), and JavaScript. The architecture of the system involves training the model and deploying it using Flask, a lightweight web framework. Evaluation of the classifiers show the following results: Accuracy - 97.90%, 82.92%, 91.32%, 89.71%; Precision - 96.59%, 80.25%, 94.13%, 93.88%; Recall - 99.32%, 94.08%, 90.88%, 89.14%; and F1 score - 97.94%, 86.62, 92.48, 91.45% for logistic regression, KNN, Passive Aggressive and Naïve Bayes classifier respectively. Based on these results, logistic regression outperformed the other three classifiers. This shows that logistic regression model is more effective in fake news detection. The developed system provides a valuable tool in combating fake news and contributes to the on-going research in automatic fake news detection using machine learning.
Group Selection under the Replicator Dynamic
Authors: Lahkar Ratul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We consider a society where individuals get divided into different groups, each playing a different strict Nash equilibrium of the same game. Under group selection, a group playing a Nash equilibrium with a higher payoff evolves faster. As individual agents always play a Nash equilibrium, there is no conflict between individual selection and group selection. We define the dynamics of group selection in terms of the replicator dynamic. In the weak form of group selection, the absolute mass of all groups increase but the relative mass of all groups except the one at the Pareto efficient equilibrium go to zero. In the strong form of group selection, even the absolute mass of all groups except the one at the Pareto efficient equilibrium go to zero. We also provide microfoundations to the dynamics of group selection. Finally, we apply the model to the stag hunt game.
JEL Classification: C72; C73.
Effect of dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma on the bio-nanocomposite film and its potential to preserve the quality of strawberry under modified atmosphere packaging
Authors: Rashvand Mahdi , Matera Attilio , Altieri Giuseppe , Genovese Francesco , Nikzadfar Mehrad , Feyissa Aberham Hailu , Renzo Giovanni Carlo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of cold plasma on the developed bio-nanocomposite film. A dielectric barrier discharge system was utilized to generate the cold plasma. The films were treated under three different times (5, 10 and 15 min) and the characteristics of the films were evaluated. Results showed that the mechanical properties (tensile strength and elongation at break), water vapor permeability, oxygen transmission rate, moisture content and water contact angle characteristics were improved by cold plasma treatment. In addition, the cold plasma treatment influence the thermal stability and crystallization of the films. Also, the shelf life of the strawberries which were packed in the treated films under modified atmosphere condition was assessed. The results revealed that the mechanical properties (firmness and Young's modulus), chemical attributes (pH, soluble solid content and total ascorbic acid), physical characteristics (weight loss and color features), microbial activities (bacteria. yeast and mould) of the samples were affected by the treated films. As a result, cold plasma modification can be applied as an effective method to maintain and preservation of fresh fruit.
Selection of representative near-future climate simulations by minimizing bias in average monthly temperature and precipitation
Authors: Khokhlov Valeriy , Tuchkovenko Yurii , Loboda Nataliia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The bias in the global and regional climate models significantly complicates their use in impact studies. A significant difference between the observed and model precipitation in the warm months is registered in Odesa for 1970–2005. This difference is probably determined by complex orography and inappropriate parameterization methods for convective processes climate models. In the last fifteen years, the average temperature has increased by about 1°C in winter and by 2°C in summer compared with 1970–2005. Considering decreasing precipitation during summer months, it seems that the climate of Odesa is moving towards the Mediterranean climate – warm to hot, dry summers and mild, moderately wet winters. The approach based on selecting representative simulations with minimum average bias and adjusting the choice to the present-day climate is described and applied for Odesa using data from the RCP8.5 scenario simulations of the EURO-CORDEX project and ERA5-Land reanalysis. The approach can be applied separately for monthly near-surface temperature and total precipitation, as well as jointly for these variables, and provides the satisfactory ability to select models for use then in impact studies. The output variables of simulations selected are close to observed ones in recent years and are well to coincide with the ensemble-mean values in the near future, 2021–2050. On the other hand, the scatter of output variables in the selected simulations adequately describes the uncertainty of the future climate.
Genetic Analysis of Human Parainfluenza Type 2 Virus in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsaleh Asma , Aziz Ibrahim , Alkubaisi Noorah , Almajhdi Fahad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The extensive mass gathering of pilgrims from all over the world, as well as the constant flow of foreign workers via country entry crossings, raises the likelihood of respiratory virus outbreaks spreading and evolving in Saudi Arabia. Here, we report the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the human parainfluenza type-2 (HPIV-2) in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) collected from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2020/21 and 2021/22 seasons. RNA was extracted from the clinical samples and subjected to RT-PCR analysis for the detection of IAV and IBV. The full-length HN gene of HPIV-2 was amplified and sequenced. Multiple sequence alignments (both nucleotides and deduced amino acids) were aligned using Clustal W, MegAlign program of Lasergene software, and MEGA 7.0. HPIV-2 was found in (4; 2% of 200) NPAs. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis results showed that indicated a genotype shifting from G3 to G4a with 83% sequence homology 62-M786 from Japan, which was prominent throughout the winter seasons of 2008/09. Multiple amino acid sequence alignment revealed 25 sites of possible difference between G3 genotypes and G4a. A total of twenty- two of these locations were shared by the other G4a genotypes, whereas three positions, 67V, 175S, and 377Q, were exclusively shared by G3. Only eight conserved N-glycosylation sites were found at amino acids 6(NLS), 286(NTT), 335(NIT), 388(NNS), 498(NES), 504(NPT), 517(NTT), and 539(NGT) in four Riyadh isolates. Our findings also revealed that the G4a genotype of HPIV-2 predominated in Riyadh during the winter seasons of 2020/21 and 2021/22. Further research with a large sample size covering numerous regions of Saudi Arabia throughout different epidemic seasons is needed to achieve an improved knowledge of HPIV-2 circulation.
Comprehensive analysis of fatty acid metabolism-related genes in prognosis, tumor microenvironment infiltration and core gene identification of bladder cancer
Authors: Wang Haoran , Tang Runhua , Liu Jingchao , Xia Haoran , Liu Ming , Wang Jianlong , Wang Jianye 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the common malignant urinary carcinoma and do not have uniformly poor prognosis. Hence, we focused on the function and prognostic value of fatty acid metabolism-related genes in bladder cancer patients. After obtained the fatty acid metabolism-related genes (FRGs), gene expression and corresponding clinical data were acquired from TCGA and GEO databases. Cox regression analysis and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis were employed to establish the risk model to estimate the overall survival of BCLA patients. An eight-gene fatty acid metabolism-related risk signature was constructed to predict the overall survival (OS) of BLCA patients. Kaplan-Meier curves, tumor mutation burden, scatter diagram, ROC curves, nomogram were used to assess prognosis. The immunological features were estimated between different groups. IL6 and COL1A1 were considered to have important role in subgroups. Higher expression of IL6 and COL1A1 are positive correlation with higher grade, higher risk and poor prognosis. In conclusion, this risk model based on 8-FLGs is reliable to predict the prognosis and response to immunotherapy in BLCA patients. IL6 and COL1A1 are closely associated with higher risk score and poorer outcomes. This can provide a novel inspective in BLCA treatment.
Dual-core photonic crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance sensor with high sensitivity and narrow FWHM
Authors: Zhang Zhibing , Li Shuguang , Yin Zhiyong , Ullah Sajid , Cui XingWang , Li Geng , Li Kaifeng , Wang Chun , Liu Yinpeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing methods enable highly sensitive, fast response, and label-free analysis of biomolecular interactions. For SPR sensors, sensitivity and full width at half maximum (FWHM) are two incompatible performance parameters. We propose a refractive index (RI) sensor using a dual-core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) and SPR effects to achieve high sensitivity and narrow FWHM simultaneously. The air holes of the sensor appear in a hexagonal arrangement, and polishing technology introduces two polishing planes into the cladding. A gold film is deposited on one side of the polished plane to form a highly sensitive RI sensing channel. Five gold nanowires are deposited on the other side of the polished plane to form a RI sensing channel with a narrow FWHM. We analyzed and optimized its structural parameters using the finite element method and determined the optimal structural parameters. The numerical results demonstrate that the maximum sensitivity of the sensor is 21000 nm/RIU, and a narrowest FWHM of 31 nm. Therefore, measuring the refractive index simultaneously with two sensing channels increases the detection accuracy of the measurement. In addition, the findings further indicate that variations in structural parameters do not significantly impact the sensing performance of the senor, which makes the production of the sensor relatively simple. In conclusion, our work provides a new research method for realizing high sensitivity and narrow FWHM simultaneously.