bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond the mere present: Husserl on the temporality of human and animal consciousness
Authors: Venuta Yamina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMy aim in this paper is to reconstruct Edmund Husserl’s views on the differences between human and animal consciousness, with particular attention to the experience of temporality.In the first section, I situate the topic of animal consciousness in the broader context of Husserl’s philosophy. Whereas this connection has been often neglected, I argue that a phenomenological analysis of non-human subjectivities is not only justified, but also essential to the Husserlian project as a whole.In the second section, I introduce two notions Husserl resorts to when describing the essential difference between human and animal subjectivities, namely “strata of consciousness” and “person.” Drawing on textual evidence, I argue that Husserl does not simply see animals as excluded from the sphere of personhood. Rather, he draws a distinction between two modes of personal life, one of which is said to be unique to human adults.What holds these two modes apart, according to Husserl, is a subject’s relation to time. In the third section, I delve deeper into this topic, asking how we should understand Husserl’s claim that animals live in a “restricted temporality.” I argue that this has less to do with an inability to remember, imagine, or anticipate future events, and more with an inability to explore temporal horizons stretching before one’s birth or after one’s death. By contrast, humans gradually overcome these limitations during ontogeny, thanks to the practice of linguistic communication. This also has consequences for our capacity to engage in genuinely theoretical thought.
Relating to foetal persons: why women’s Voices come first and last, but not alone in Abortion debates
Authors: Milford Stephen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAbortion remains a controversial topic, with pro-life and pro-choice advocates clashing fiercely. However, public polling demonstrates that the vast majority of the Western public holds a middle position: being in favour of abortion but not in all circumstances nor at any time. The intuitions held by the majority seem to imply a contradiction: two early foetuses at the same point in development have different moral statuses. Providing coherent philosophical grounding for this intuition has proved challenging. Solutions given by philosophers such as Feinberg, Harman and Räsänen are complex and do not fully account for the lived experience of pregnancy loss. This article argues for a relational ontological construction of human personhood as the basis of foetal personhood. This approach takes seriously the literature of pregnancy loss and the lived experiences of pregnant persons. Focusing on the manner in which persons relate to early foetuses (especially pregnant persons), provides a coherent ground for distinct foetal value. Importantly, this approach is both simple and intuitive. Therefore, it can be more easily adopted by middle. To counter an implied equality of human relationality, the article argues for a clear hierarchy based on relational proximity that affirms pregnant persons? primary role in deciding the moral significance of foetal termination.
The Personalized Priority and Progress Questionnaire (PPPQ): A personalized instrument for quality of life and self-management for use in clinical trials and practice
Authors: Tommel Judith , Cardol Cinderella K. , Evers Andrea W. M. , Stuivenberg Rianne , van Dijk Sandra , van Middendorp Henriët 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to develop and validate a brief personalized instrument that (1) defines patients’ priorities for improvement, (2) measures progress in prioritized quality of life (QoL) and self-management outcomes, and (3) is applicable in both clinical practice and clinical trials.

Methods
The instrument was developed based on the literature on personalized assessment and patient priorities, feedback by clinicians, and six cognitive interviews with patients with chronic kidney disease. The resulting questionnaire, the Personalized Priority and Progress Questionnaire (PPPQ), contains a baseline and follow-op measurement. The baseline measurement assesses functioning on QoL (8 items) and self-management (5 items). The final item evaluates patients’ priorities for improvement. The follow-up measurement assesses progress in QoL and self-management. A personalized progress score can be calculated indicating the amount of progress on the QoL or self-management domain that is prioritized by the individual patient. Psychometric properties of the PPPQ were evaluated among patients with chronic kidney disease (n = 121) and patients with kidney failure treated with dialysis (n = 22).

Results
The PPPQ showed to be a feasible instrument that is easy and quick to complete. Regarding the construct validity, small to large correlations were found between the items and existing validated questionnaires measuring related constructs.

Conclusion
The PPPQ proved to be a feasible and valid instrument. The PPPQ can be adapted to match diverse populations and could be a useful tool both in clinical practice (e.g., to identify priorities and tailor treatment) and clinical trials (e.g., to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized interventions).
Performance of a single slope solar still using different porous absorbing materials: an experimental approach
Authors: Ramzy Khaled , Abdelgaleel Mohamed , Kabeel Abd Elnaby , Mosalam Heba 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Desalination is a critical process to address water scarcity in arid regions worldwide, and solar stills provide an economical solution despite their productivity limitations. This study aimed to enhance the performance and productivity of solar stills by constructing two stills with different natural and artificial absorbing materials such as black luffa, luffa, fine steel wool, and steel wool pads. The solar stills were tested in Egypt under comparable weather conditions, and their productivity, solar intensity, wind velocity, and temperature were measured to determine their thermal efficiency and exergo-economic analysis. Results showed that the choice of absorbing material significantly impacted solar still productivity, with steel wool pads achieving the highest yield of 4.384 l/m2. Moreover, steel wool pads also exhibited the highest thermal efficiency at 32.74%. The cost per liter (CPL) was the lowest with steel wool pads at 0.0034 $/l/m2. Finally, the payback period and exergo-economic analysis demonstrated that incorporating steel wool pads was the most promising modification for enhancing solar still performance compared to other modifications.
An innovative rheological approach for predicting the behaviour of critical zones in a railway track
Authors: Punetha Piyush , Nimbalkar Sanjay 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe poor performance of critical zones along a railway line has long been a subject of concern for rail infrastructure managers. The rapid deterioration of track geometry in these zones is primarily ascribed to limited understanding of the underlying mechanism and scarcity of adequate tools to assess the severity of the potential issue. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation of their behaviour is paramount to improve the design and ensure adequate service quality. With this objective, a novel methodology is introduced, which can predict the differential plastic deformations at the critical zones and assess the suitability of different countermeasures in improving the track performance. The proposed technique employs a three-dimensional geotechnical rheological track model that considers varied support conditions of the critical zone. The approach is successfully validated with published field data and predictions from finite element analysis. This methodology is then applied to a bridge-open track transition zone, where it is observed that an increase in axle load exacerbates the track geometry degradation problem. The results show that the performance of critical zones with weak subgrade can be improved by increasing the granular layer thickness. Interpretation of the predicted differential settlement for different countermeasures exemplifies the practical significance of the proposed methodology.
Uremic pruritus: prevalence, determinants, and its impact on health-related quality of life and sleep in Indian patients undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Shetty Deeksha , Nayak Ajith M. , Datta Divya , Bhojaraja Mohan V. , Nagaraju Shankar Prasad , Prabhu Attur Ravindra , Rangaswamy Dharshan , Rao Indu Ramachandra , Shenoy Srinivas Vinayak , Joshi Dhruv 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Uremic pruritus has an impact on the quality of life and sleep of hemodialysis patients, but the majority of cases go unreported and untreated unless severe, due to a lack of awareness. The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence, associated factors, and impact on health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) and sleep in hemodialysis patients.

Methodology
A single-center observational study of 3 months wherein 120 adults on maintenance hemodialysis were included. Baseline characteristics, dialysis-related factors, and lab parameters influencing uremic pruritus were recorded. Those with uremic pruritus completed “12-item pruritus severity scale (12-PSS)”, “SKINDEX10”, and “Itch-MOS” questionnaires to evaluate severity, impact on HR-QOL, and sleep respectively.

Results
Sixty seven over one hundred twenty (55.83%) patients had pruritus and majority were mild (40.83%) as per 12-PSS. Those with pruritus (n=67) had a mean age of 56.5±11.3 years, most were males (82%), chronic glomerulonephritis (29.1%) was the commonest cause of end-stage kidney disease, 3 active smokers, and 4 seropositive. 65(97%) patients were on twice-weekly dialysis, 36/67 had <5 years’ dialysis vintage and acceptable adequacy. There was no significant association between uremic pruritus and dialysis-related/laboratory parameters. Patients with uremic pruritus demonstrated significantly worse “HR-QOL” (p<0.001) on the “SKINDEX-10”, and patients' “Itch-MOS” scores demonstrated a significant decline in sleep quality with increasing pruritus severity (p<0.001).

Conclusion
The majority of patients on maintenance hemodialysis experience uremic pruritus. None of the clinical characteristics, dialysis-related factors, and laboratory parameters affected uremic pruritus. Uremic pruritus patients had the worst HR-QOL & their sleep quality significantly declined as pruritus severity escalated.

Trial registration number and date of registration
Study approval was obtained from Institutional Research Committee and Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC 642/2021). Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI) registration (CTRI/2022/01/039143) was also obtained.
Let the Chips Fall! Public Nudging Arrangements, Coercion, and the Role of Independent Shopkeepers
Authors: Häyry Matti , Ahola-Launonen Johanna , Takala Tuija 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNudging, according to its inventors and defenders, is supposed to provide a non-coercive way of changing human behavior for the better—a freedom-respecting form of “libertarian paternalism.” Its original point was to complement coercive modes of influence without any need of justification in liberal frameworks. This article shows, using the example of food-product placement in grocery stores, how this image is deceptive. Although nudging practices may not restrict the freedom of consumers, nudging arrangements by public health authorities do restrict the freedom of shopkeepers in standard liberal senses. Libertarianism cannot justify this coercion, and the creed is best left out of the equation as the ideological ruse that it, in this discussion, is. Other liberal theories can justify the coercion, but on grounds that can also be applied to other methods of public health promotion by subsidies and regulation. This result reaffirms that nudging should be seen to complement, not to replace, those other methods.
Kernels of categorical resolutions of nodal singularities
Authors: Cattani Warren , Giovenzana Franco , Liu Shengxuan , Magni Pablo , Martinelli Luigi , Pertusi Laura , Song Jieao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper we study derived categories of nodal singularities. We show that for all nodal singularities there is a categorical resolution whose kernel is generated by a 2 or 3-spherical object, depending on the dimension. We apply this result to the case of nodal cubic fourfolds, where we describe the kernel generator of the categorical resolution as an object in the bounded derived category of the associated degree six K3 surface. This paper originated from one of the problem sessions at the Interactive Workshop and Hausdorff School “Hyperkähler Geometry”, Bonn, September 6–10, 2021.
A systematic literature review of economic evaluations and cost-of-illness studies of inherited cardiomyopathies
Authors: Wiethoff Isabell , Goversen Birgit , Michels Michelle , van der Velden Jolanda , Hiligsmann Mickaël , Kugener Tom , Evers Silvia M. A. A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) are commonly inherited heart conditions associated with a high risk of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. To understand the economic and societal disease burden, this study systematically identified and reviewed cost-of-illness (COI) studies and economic evaluations (EEs) of various interventions for HCM and DCM. A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, NHS EED, EconLit and Web of Science to identify COI studies and EEs published between 1 January 2010 and 28 April 2021. The selection of studies and their critical appraisal were performed jointly by two independent researchers. For the quality assessment, the ‘Consensus on Health Economic Criteria’ list was used. Two COI studies and 11 EEs were eligible for inclusion. Cost-effectiveness varied among interventions and depended on the targeted patient population. Both COI studies identified only hospitalisation costs in HCM. The mean study quality was high in EEs but low in COI studies. Most studies excluded costs for patients, caregivers and productivity losses. Overall, knowledge of the societal and economic burden of inherited cardiomyopathies is limited. Future research needs to include quality-adjusted life years and a broader range of costs to provide an information base for optimising care for affected patients.
An introduction to health technology assessment and health economic evaluation: an online self-learning course
Authors: Wiethoff Isabell , Evers Silvia M. A. A. , Michels Michelle , Hiligsmann Mickaël 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCardiovascular diseases impose an enormous burden on patients and society. New health technologies promise to lower this burden; however, novel treatments often come at a high cost. In the Netherlands, health technology assessment (HTA) is increasingly being used to inform policy bodies about the optimal distribution of scarce healthcare resources and to guide decision-making about financing and reimbursement. In particular, economic evaluations, as one pillar of HTA, are frequently used to compare the costs and effects of different interventions. This paper aims to define HTA and its relevance to healthcare policy as well as providing a comprehensive overview of the methodology of economic evaluations targeting health professionals and researchers with limited prior knowledge of this subject. Accordingly, different types of economic evaluations are introduced, together with their respective costs and outcomes. Further, the results of economic evaluations are explained, along with techniques for performing them and methods for coping with uncertainty. In addition to this paper-based learning format, each chapter is complemented by a video lecture with further information and practical examples, helping to better understand and analyse health economic studies.
Budget impact of endovascular treatment for acute ischaemic stroke patients in the Netherlands for 2015–2021
Authors: van den Berg Lucie A. , Berkhemer Olvert A. , Fransen Puck S. S. , Beumer Debbie , Majoie Charles B. L. , Dippel Diederik W. J. , van der Lugt Aad , van Oostenbrugge Robert J. , van Zwam Wim H. , Roos Yvo B. , Dijkgraaf Marcel G. W. ,   the MR CLEAN investigators
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Endovascular treatment (EVT) has been proven to be both effective and cost-effective for patients with acute ischaemic stroke. We investigated the budget impact of large-scale implementation of EVT for acute ischaemic stroke patients in the Netherlands for 2015–2021.

Methods
An analysis was performed from a healthcare perspective as a preplanned substudy of the Multicenter Randomized Clinical trial of Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Netherlands (MR CLEAN). Estimated yearly costs during follow-up after stroke for patients who had or had not been treated with EVT as add-on to usual care were linked to numbers of new patients retrieved from 2 Dutch registries of EVT that started after the last inclusion in MR CLEAN (2014). Aggregated costs and costs per care sector were calculated based on prevalence using a population dynamic tool.

Results
From 2015, the yearly number of new acute ischaemic stroke patients receiving EVT increased almost threefold, from 812 in 2015 to 2,370 in 2021. The introduction of EVT plus usual care resulted in estimated net annual savings that increased from € 2.9 million in 2015 to € 58 million in 2021.

Conclusion
Offering EVT as add-on to usual care for acute ischaemic stroke patients was increasingly cost saving from a national healthcare perspective but affected distinct healthcare sectors differently.
Disentangling Human-AI Hybrids
Authors: Fabri Lukas , Häckel Björn , Oberländer Anna Maria , Rieg Marius , Stohr Alexander 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) offers great potential in organizations. The path to achieving this potential will involve human-AI interworking, as has been confirmed by numerous studies. However, it remains to be explored which direction this interworking of human agents and AI-enabled systems ought to take. To date, research still lacks a holistic understanding of the entangled interworking that characterizes human-AI hybrids, so-called because they form when human agents and AI-enabled systems closely collaborate. To enhance such understanding, this paper presents a taxonomy of human-AI hybrids, developed by reviewing the current literature as well as a sample of 101 human-AI hybrids. Leveraging weak sociomateriality as justificatory knowledge, this study provides a deeper understanding of the entanglement between human agents and AI-enabled systems. Furthermore, a cluster analysis is performed to derive archetypes of human-AI hybrids, identifying ideal–typical occurrences of human-AI hybrids in practice. While the taxonomy creates a solid foundation for the understanding and analysis of human-AI hybrids, the archetypes illustrate the range of roles that AI-enabled systems can play in those interworking scenarios.
Overexpression of the lncRNA HOTAIRM1 promotes lenvatinib resistance by downregulating miR-34a and activating autophagy in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Gu Danyan , Tong Meng , Wang Jing , Zhang Bocheng , Liu Jinghua , Song Guoqiang , Zhu Biao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant cancers in humans and has a high fatality rate. Despite pharmacological advances such as sorafenib and lenvatinib approval, responses are seen only in a limited fraction of HCCs, and the majority of HCC patients do not benefit from this treatment. In recent years, researchers have verified that the long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) impact the efficiency of lenvatinib and the prognosis of patients with HCC.

Materials and methods
This work obtained gene expression profile from an Arraystar lncRNA microarray. Expression of HOTAIRM1, Beclin-1, and p62 in HCC was characterized in clinical HCC tissues of 24 patients with HCC. Overexpression and knockdown experiments were performed in HCC cells to examine the effects of the HOTAIRM1 on lenvatinib sensitivity. The interactions between HOTAIRM1, miR-34a and Beclin-1 were predicted according to GSEA and CNC network. The effects of HOTAIRM1, autophagy and lenvatinib on tumor inhibit were validated in orthotopic tumor-bearing nude mouse model.

Results
Lenvatinib-resistant HCC cell lines were established using the concentration gradient method. Data from an Arraystar lncRNA microarray indicated that HOTAIRM1, a specific lncRNA located in an evolutionarily highly conserved HOX gene cluster, was differentially expressed between lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells and their parental cells. Expression of HOTAIRM1 and Beclin-1 in HCC was characterized in clinical HCC tissues of 24 patients who have different sensitivity to lenvatinib. Knocking down of HOTAIRM1 decreased the autophagy level in lenvatinib-resistant HCC cells and increased their sensitivity to lenvatinib, especially when combined with autophagy inhibitors both in vitro and in vivo. Further study indicated that knocking down HOTAIRM1 in lenvatinib-resistant cell lines increased the level of miR-34a and inhibited the expression of Beclin-1 in Huh7-R and HepG2-R cells. Investigation according to GSEA and CNC network, lncRNA and nearby coding gene and lncRNA-miRNA analyses demonstrated that the resistance of HCC to lenvatinib was affected by the HOTAIRM1-miR-34a-Beclin-1 regulatory axis.

Conclusion
HOTAIRM1 is an independent drug resistance factor which significantly associated with the efficacy of lenvatinib in HCC. HOTAIRM1 may downregulation of miR-34a and upregulation of Beclin-1, leading to activation of autophagy, thereby inducing lenvatinib resistance in HCC.
DMBR-Net: deep multiple-resolution bilateral network for real-time and accurate semantic segmentation
Authors: Meng Pengfei , Jia Shuangcheng , Li Qian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIt has been proved that the two-branch network architecture for real-time semantic segmentation is effectiveness. However, existing methods still can not obtain sufficient context information and sufficient detailed information, which limits the improvement of the accuracy of existed two-branch methods. In this paper, we proposed a real-time high-precision semantic segmentation network based on a novel multi-resolution feature fusion module, an auxiliary feature extracting module, an upsampling module and multi-ASPP(atrous spatial pyramid pooling) module. We designed a feature fusion module, which is integrated with sufficient features of different resolutions to help the network get both sufficient semantic information and sufficient detailed information. We also studied the effect of the side-branch architecture on the network, and made new discoveries that the role of the side-branch is more than regularization, it may either slow down the convergence or accelerate the convergence by influencing the gradient of different layers of the network, which is dependent on the parameters of the network and the input data. Based on the new discoveries about the side-branch architecture, we used a side-branch auxiliary feature extraction layer in the network to improve the performance of the network. We also designed an upsampling module, which can get better detailed information than the original upsampling module. In addition, we also re-considered the locations and number of atrous spatial pyramid pooling (ASPP) modules, and modified the network architecture according to the experimental results to further improve the performance of the network. We proposed a network based on the above study. We named this network Deep Multiple-resolution Bilateral Network for Real-time, referred to as DMBR-Net. The network proposed in the paper achieved 81.3% mIoU(Mean Intersection over Union) at 110FPS on the Cityscapes validation dataset, 80.7% mIoU at 104FPS on the CamVid test dataset, 32.2% mIoU at 78FPS on the COCO-Stuff test dataset.