bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speech emotion classification using attention based network and regularized feature selection
Authors: Akinpelu Samson , Viriri Serestina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpeech emotion classification (SEC) has gained the utmost height and occupied a conspicuous position within the research community in recent times. Its vital role in Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) and affective computing cannot be overemphasized. Many primitive algorithmic solutions and deep neural network (DNN) models have been proposed for efficient recognition of emotion from speech however, the suitability of these methods to accurately classify emotion from speech with multi-lingual background and other factors that impede efficient classification of emotion is still demanding critical consideration. This study proposed an attention-based network with a pre-trained convolutional neural network and regularized neighbourhood component analysis (RNCA) feature selection techniques for improved classification of speech emotion. The attention model has proven to be successful in many sequence-based and time-series tasks. An extensive experiment was carried out using three major classifiers (SVM, MLP and Random Forest) on a publicly available TESS (Toronto English Speech Sentence) dataset. The result of our proposed model (Attention-based DCNN+RNCA+RF) achieved 97.8% classification accuracy and yielded a 3.27% improved performance, which outperforms state-of-the-art SEC approaches. Our model evaluation revealed the consistency of attention mechanism and feature selection with human behavioural patterns in classifying emotion from auditory speech.
Past climate-driven range shifts structuring intraspecific biodiversity levels of the giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) at global scales
Authors: Assis Jorge , Alberto Filipe , Macaya Erasmo C. , Castilho Coelho Nelson , Faugeron Sylvain , Pearson Gareth A. , Ladah Lydia , Reed Daniel C. , Raimondi Peter , Mansilla Andrés , Brickle Paul , Zuccarello Giuseppe C. , Serrão Ester A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe paradigm of past climate-driven range shifts structuring the distribution of marine intraspecific biodiversity lacks replication in biological models exposed to comparable limiting conditions in independent regions. This may lead to confounding effects unlinked to climate drivers. We aim to fill in this gap by asking whether the global distribution of intraspecific biodiversity of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera) is explained by past climate changes occurring across the two hemispheres. We compared the species’ population genetic diversity and structure inferred with microsatellite markers, with range shifts and long-term refugial regions predicted with species distribution modelling (SDM) from the last glacial maximum (LGM) to the present. The broad antitropical distribution of Macrocystis pyrifera is composed by six significantly differentiated genetic groups, for which current genetic diversity levels match the expectations of past climate changes. Range shifts from the LGM to the present structured low latitude refugial regions where genetic relics with higher and unique diversity were found (particularly in the Channel Islands of California and in Peru), while post-glacial expansions following ~ 40% range contraction explained extensive regions with homogenous reduced diversity. The estimated effect of past climate-driven range shifts was comparable between hemispheres, largely demonstrating that the distribution of intraspecific marine biodiversity can be structured by comparable evolutionary forces across the global ocean. Additionally, the differentiation and endemicity of regional genetic groups, confers high conservation value to these localized intraspecific biodiversity hotspots of giant kelp forests.
Distribution and habitat assessments of the Slender racer, Orientocoluber spinalis, for the registration of nationally endangered species in the Republic of Korea
Authors: Park Daesik , Jeong Hojun , Park Jaejin , Park Il-Kook 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConservation assessments are essential for preserving biodiversity. However, many reptile species have not been evaluated owing to data deficiencies. The Slender racer (Orientocoluber spinalis) is threatened in four out of six inhabiting countries. However, despite its apparent rarity and data deficiency, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has classified it as a Least Concern. In this study, we combined field surveys, habitat analysis, and ecological niche models (ENMs) to identify the critical habitat characteristics of O. spinalis, evaluate its distribution status in the Republic of Korea, and register it as a nationally endangered species. Across the country, we found a few small populations on the mainland but large populations on the islands. Orientocoluber spinalis is mainly found in low-altitude ecotone habitats between grasslands and forests. Based on previous genetic and climatic studies, we propose designating it as an endangered species to conserve this species in protected areas such as national parks, and its non-isolated mainland populations can be preserved as source populations.
Measurement of mouse head and neck tumors by automated analysis of CBCT images
Authors: Van Court Benjamin , Neupert Brooke , Nguyen Diemmy , Ross Richard , Knitz Michael W. , Karam Sana D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAnimal experiments are often used to determine effects of drugs and other biological conditions on cancer progression, but poor accuracy and reproducibility of established tumor measurement methods make results unreliable. In orthotopic mouse models of head and neck cancer, tumor volumes approximated from caliper measurements are conventionally used to compare groups, but geometrical challenges make the procedure imprecise. To address this, we developed software to better measure these tumors by automated analysis of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. This allows for analyses of tumor shape and growth dynamics that would otherwise be too inaccurate to provide biological insight. Monitoring tumor growth by calipers and imaging in parallel, we find that caliper measurements of small tumors are weakly correlated with actual tumor volume and highly susceptible to experimenter bias. The method presented provides a unique window to sources of error in a foundational aspect of preclinical head and neck cancer research and a valuable tool to mitigate them.
How do North American weather regimes drive wind energy at the sub-seasonal to seasonal timescales?
Authors: Liu Ye , Feng Sha , Qian Yun , Huang Huilin , Berg Larry K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThere has been an increasing need for forecasting power generation at the subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales to support the operation, management, and planning of the wind-energy system. At the S2S timescales, atmospheric variability is largely related to recurrent and persistent weather patterns, referred to as weather regimes (WRs). In this study, we identify four WRs that influence wind resources over North America using a universal two-stage procedure approach. These WRs are responsible for large-scale wind and power production anomalies over the CONUS at the S2S timescales. The WR-based reconstruction explains up to 40% of the monthly variance of power production over the western United States, and the explanatory power of WRs generally increases with the increase of timescales. The identified relationship between WRs and power production reveals the potential and limitations of the regional WR-based wind resource assessment over different regions of the CONUS across multiple timescales.
Endemic infectious states below the epidemic threshold and beyond herd immunity
Authors: Aguilar Javier , García Beatriz Arregui , Toral Raúl , Meloni Sandro , Ramasco José J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic exhibits intertwined epidemic waves with anomalous fade-outs characterized by persistent low prevalence. These long-living epidemic states complicate epidemic control and challenge current modeling approaches. Here we introduce a modification of the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered model in a meta-population framework where a small inflow of infected individuals accounts for undetected imported cases. Focusing on a regime where this external seeding is so small that cannot be detected from the analysis of epidemic curves, we find that outbreaks of finite duration percolate in time, resulting in overall low but long-living epidemic states. Using a two-state description of the local dynamics, we can extract analytical predictions for the phase space. The comparison with epidemic data demonstrates that our model is able to reproduce some critical signatures observed in COVID-19 spreading in England. Finally, our findings defy our understanding of the concept of epidemic threshold and its relationship with outbreaks survival for disease control.
Panarctic lakes exerted a small positive feedback on early Holocene warming due to deglacial release of methane
Authors: Brosius L. S. , Walter Anthony K. M. , Treat C. C. , Jones M. C. , Dyonisius M. , Grosse G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractClimate-driven permafrost thaw can release ancient carbon to the atmosphere, begetting further warming in a positive feedback loop. Polar ice core data and young radiocarbon ages of dissolved methane in thermokarst lakes have challenged the importance of this feedback, but field studies did not adequately account for older methane released from permafrost through bubbling. We synthesized panarctic isotope and emissions datasets to derive integrated ages of panarctic lake methane fluxes. Methane age in modern thermokarst lakes (3132 ± 731 years before present) reflects remobilization of ancient carbon. Thermokarst-lake methane emissions fit within the constraints imposed by polar ice core data. Younger, albeit ultimately larger sources of methane from glacial lakes, estimated here, lagged those from thermokarst lakes. Our results imply that panarctic lake methane release was a small positive feedback to climate warming, comprising up to 17% of total northern hemisphere sources during the deglacial period.
Exploring Classroom Factors and Augmentative and Alternative Communication Use in Qualitative Interviews
Authors: Quinn Emily D. , Atkins Kristi , Cook Alexandria 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:This qualitative study explores classroom contextual factors influencing augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) use in early childhood classrooms.Method:Semistructured interviews were conducted with six special education teachers, 13 speech-language pathologists (SLPs), and one SLP assistant. Interviews were analyzed inductively in a systematic, multistep coding process using the constant comparative method with member checking.Results:Seven themes were identified that affected AAC use in the classroom. Each theme was organized into three categories: individual-, classroom-, or school-level factors. Three themes were categorized as individual-level factors:Students' AAC systems are unavailable,professionals face challenges obtaining AAC knowledge and skills, andstudents' disruptive behaviors reduce access to AAC. One theme was a classroom-level factor:Classroom demands prevent AAC use. Finally, three themes were considered school-level factors:The culture of AAC influences AAC acceptance,team collaboration is essential for successful implementation, andteams need administrative support to deliver AAC interventions effectively.Conclusions:Teachers and SLPs felt that collaborative teams with AAC expertise, a school culture that endorsed AAC, and solid administrative support accelerated AAC adoption by normalizing AAC use in the classroom. Due to classroom demands, they struggled to use strategies such as aided AAC modeling and responsiveness during group instruction. Finally, participants emphasized that while it was necessary to customize AAC systems for each student, this individualization makes it harder for staff to learn each system and integrate them into classroom activities.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23681718
A three‐phase three‐level converter with shared flying capacitors
Authors: Pain Maxime , Gateau Guillaume , Blaquiere Jean‐Marc 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThree‐phase multilevel converters use a high number of components which increases their size. As specific weight reduction is a work of interest for embedded system applications, this paper presents a topology aiming to optimize volume and mass for a three‐level three‐phase inverter named 3L Hybrid. This three‐phase topology reduces the stored energy by two‐thirds compared with three‐level flying capacitor (FC) while keeping the same characteristics. The ‘phase‐sharing’ principle allowing the reduction number of FCs is presented and the three‐phase 3L Hybrid working will be described. An original closed‐loop control method has been developed for this structure. The control solution is generic and can be applied on other common flying capacitor (CFC) topologies. Finally, experimental results are presented and comparative data with well‐known multilevel topologies are analysed.
Thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich measurements and cosmic infrared background leakage mitigation combining upcoming ground-based telescopes
Authors: Charmetant M. , Erler J. 
Published: July 2023

Context. The Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST) and the Simons Observatory Large Aperture Telescope (SO LAT) will deliver unprecedented high-resolution measurements of microwave sky emissions. Notably, one of those microwave sky emissions, the thermal Sunyaev–Zeldovich (tSZ) signal, is an essential probe for cluster astrophysics and cosmology. However, an obstacle to its measurement is contamination by the cosmic infrared background (CIB), especially at high frequencies.
Aims. Our goal is to assess the detection and purity of tSZ power spectrum measurements from these two telescopes. We demonstrate that FYST’s high-frequency coverage helps lower CIB contamination and improves signal detection.
Methods. We simulated the various components of the microwave sky at the frequencies, sensitivities, and beam sizes of the upcoming SO LAT and FYST telescopes using full-sky Hierarchical Equal Area isoLatitude Pixelisation (HEALPix) map templates from the Websky simulations and the Python Sky Model (PySM). We used a map-based internal linear combination (ILC) and a constrained ILC (CILC) to extract the tSZ signal and compute residual noises to assess CIB contamination and signal recovery.
Results. We find that the CIB’s residual noise power spectrum in the ILC-recovered tSZ is lowered by ∼35% on average over the scales ℓ ∈ [500, 5000] when SO LAT and FYST are combined compared to when SO LAT is used alone. We find that when using CILC to deproject CIB, the combined abilities of SO LAT and FYST offer a large ℓ ∈ [1800, 3500] window in which the recovered tSZ power spectrum is not noise dominated.
Estimating the energy flux of transverse waves associated with Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in solar coronal loops
Authors: Guo Mingzhe , Gao Yuhang , Van Doorsselaere Tom , Goossens Marcel 
Published: July 2023

Context. The energy flux of kink waves in coronal loops has been estimated in previous studies. Recent numerical simulations have revealed that kink oscillations can induce a Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability (KHI) in magnetic flux tubes. This non-linear process breaks the assumptions that have typically been included in previous eigenmode analyses. Therefore, the current analytical expressions of energy flux need to be re-examined.
Aims. In the present work, we aim to compare our numerical energy flux with previous analytical formulae and establish modifications to the estimation of the energy flux of kink waves in coronal loops.
Methods. Working within the framework of ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), we conducted three-dimensional (3D) simulations of kink oscillations in coronal cylinders. Forward models were also employed to translate our numerical results into observables using the FoMo code.
Results. We find that the previous estimation of the energy flux of kink waves is reasonable up to the point before the KHI is fully developed. However, as small vortices develop, the energy flux derived from the analytical formula becomes smaller than the total Poynting flux calculated from our numerical results. Furthermore, when degrading the original numerical resolution to match a realistic instrumental resolution, for instance, the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) on board the Solar Orbiter (SO), the energy flux becomes much smaller than the numerical value.
Conclusions. The energy flux calculated from the analytical formula should be modified by multiplying it by a factor of about 2. When it comes to the energy flux estimation based on SO/EUI observations, this factor should be between about 3 and 4.
Le safou, un fruit atypique dans l’alimentation traditionnelle au Cameroun
Authors: Icard-Vernière Christèle , Zoungrana Stéphanie , Nkoudou Ze Nardis , Mouquet-Rivier Claire 
Published: July 2023

Dans un contexte de réflexion internationale sur les systèmes alimentaires, de valorisation des connaissances autochtones et de reconnaissance de l’étude des « faits alimentaires » comme discipline, cette étude met l’accent sur la diversité de l’alimentation traditionnelle au Cameroun et notamment sur la place du safou (Dacryodes edulis). Via de nombreux verbatims extraits de discussions dirigées, le safou apparaît comme un fruit aux vertus nutritionnelles et sensorielles appréciées, un fruit social, un fruit moyen de subsistance, un fruit emblématique d’une alimentation traditionnelle riche d’atouts pour faire face à la transition nutritionnelle.
Mehr Exzellenz in der Pflege
Authors: Koch Marie-Luise , Weber Ruth Anna 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Kombination aus akademisierten Pflegefachkräften und fachschulischen Pflegenden kann ein gelungener Mix an Kompetenzen sein, der die Qualität in der Pflege sichert und von dem letztlich Arbeitgeber, Mitarbeiter und Patienten profitieren.
Kenntnis und Akzeptanz von Spielerschutzmaßnahmen bei den
Glücksspielenden – Ergebnisse des Glücksspiel-Surveys
2021
Authors: Buth Sven , Meyer Gerhard , Kalke Jens 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird untersucht, welche
Zusammenhänge zwischen der Intensität
glücksspielbezogener Probleme (gemäß DSM-5-Kriterien)
und der Kenntnis und Akzeptanz von Spielerschutzmaßnahmen bestehen.
Methodik Basis der Auswertungen sind die Daten des
Glücksspiel-Surveys 2021. Die Datenerhebung erfolgte im III. Quartal
2021 in Form eines Mixed-Mode-Designs, welches sowohl telefonische Interviews
(N=7373; Festnetz und Mobil zu gleichen Teilen) als auch
onlinegestützte Befragungen (N=4650) beinhaltete. Neben der
Gewichtung nach soziodemografischen Merkmalen (Alter, Geschlecht, Region,
Schulbildung) erfolgte zusätzlich eine Mode-Gewichtung (2/3
Telefon; 1/3 Online). In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden
ausschließlich Personen (18–70 Jahre) betrachtet, die in den
letzten 12 Monaten vor der Befragung an Glücksspielen teilgenommen
hatten (N=3704).
Ergebnisse Die Kenntnis von Maßnahmen des Jugend- und
Spielerschutzes variiert erheblich, wenn nach dem Schweregrad
glücksspielbezogener Probleme (DSM-5) differenziert wird.
Darüber hinaus wird deutlich, dass insbesondere Maßnahmen,
welche Auswirkungen auf die konkrete Spielteilnahme haben (z. B.
Begrenzung der Geldeinsätze) bei dem Personenkreis mit einer
Glücksspielstörung (>3 DSM-5-Kriterien) eine signifikant
geringere Akzeptanz besitzen als bei den unproblematisch
Glücksspielenden.
Diskussion Es sollten größere Anstrengungen unternommen
werden, passgenaue Präventionskonzepte zu entwickeln und umzusetzen.
Insbesondere Maßnahmen der indizierten Prävention wie die
Limitierung von Spieleinsätzen oder die Selbstsperre sollten
verstärkt beworben bzw. diesbezüglich neue Zugänge
erprobt werden, um mehr Problemspielende zu erreichen.
Fatigue-induced Landing Alterations in ACL Reconstructed Athletes
after Return-to-Sport
Authors: Willems Miel , Gilson Laurens , Verschueren Sabine , Vanrenterghem Jos , Staes Filip , Vandenneucker Hilde , Claes Steven , Smeets Annemie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAt the time of return-to-sport, anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed athletes
still show altered neuromechanics in their injured leg during single leg hopping
tasks. Part of these alterations can be magnified when these athletes are
fatigued. So far, little is known whether fatigue-induced landing alterations
persist after return-to-sport. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate
whether these alterations persist in the six months following return-to-sport.
Sixteen anterior cruciate ligament reconstructed athletes performed five
unilateral hop tasks before and after a fatigue protocol. The hop tasks were
executed at three different time points (return-to-sport, 3 and 6 months
post-return-to-sport). A 2-by-3 repeated measures ANOVA was performed to
evaluate whether fatigue-induced landing alterations persisted 3 and 6 months
following return-to-sport. At 6 months following return-to-sport, fatigue still
induces a reduction in hamstring medialis activation and an increase in the knee
abduction moment during a vertical hop with 90-degree inward rotation. Most
fatigue-induced landing alterations present at the time of return-to-sport
normalize after resumption of sports activities. However, a larger knee
abduction moment in the injured leg after resumption of sports activities can
still be observed.
Precision Medicine in the Era of Genetic Testing: Microsatellite Instability Evolved
Authors: Ioffe Dina , McSweeny Michelle , Hall Michael J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe recognized importance of microsatellite instability (MSI) in cancer has evolved considerably in the past 30 years. From its beginnings as a molecular predictor for Lynch syndrome, MSI first transitioned to a universal screening test in all colorectal and endometrial cancers, substantially increasing the identification of patients with Lynch syndrome among cancer patients. More recently, MSI has been shown to be a powerful biomarker of response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy across a diversity of tumor types, and in 2017 was granted Food and Drug Administration approval as the first tumor histology-agnostic biomarker for a cancer therapy. Focusing on colorectal cancer specifically, immune checkpoint blockade therapy has been shown to be highly effective in the treatment of both MSI-high (MSI-H) colon and rectal cancer, with data increasingly suggesting an early role for immune checkpoint blockade therapy in MSI-H colorectal tumors in the neoadjuvant setting, with the potential to avoid more toxic and morbid approaches using traditional chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery. The success of MSI as an immune checkpoint blockade target has inspired ongoing vigorous research to identify new similar targets for immune checkpoint blockade therapy that may help to one day expand the reach of this revolutionary cancer therapy to a wider swath of patients and indications.