bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Blood Cardioplegia Administration Systems
Authors: Tamari Yehuda , Tamari Yehuda , Nelson Roy L. , Levy Ronald S. , Rea-Azzaretto Nancy , Salogub Michele , Carolina Clifford C. , James Melanee , Smith Scott , Hall Michael H. , Moccio Carmine G. , Tortolani Anthony J. 
Published: September 2023

Four different blood cardioplegia administration systems (CAS) were evaluated for ease of use, cooling capacity, uniformity of mixing and blood flow capability. The CAS were one single pass (SP) and three recirculating CAS (RC). Each of the RC had a different reservoir; the first a cardiotomy reservoir (CARD), the second a transfer bag, and the third the GISH system.
Each CAS was primed and debubbled with crystalloid. For RC, blood was collected, potassium added, and the solution cooled to 10°C. With SP, the infusate temperature at the field was measured at different flows and oxygenator temperatures. Hematocrit and potassium were measured at the start and end of cardioplegia administration.
Single pass had the least tubing, lowest priming volume and the simplest design. For RC, l0°C infusate temperature was obtained fastest with the heat exchanger at the pump outlet and slowest at the reservoir inlet. For SP, the temperature at the field increased as either the oxygenator temperature and/or the cardioplegia flow rate increased. Only RC with CARD produced nonuniform mixing (initial potassium and hematocrit compared to the end of infusion were 16 percent lower and 36 percent higher respectively). At 10°C infusate temperature, RC allowed higher flow rates than SP. The GISH administration tubing had high resistance (800 mmHg at 500 mllmin).
GISH is flow-limited by resistance and SP by cooling capacity. Clinically, if oxygenator temperature and infusion flows are such that SP can be used it is preferred. Otherwise, RC with low resistance tubing and heat exchanger within the reservoir is optimal.
A Comparative Study of Five Filtered Cardiotomy Reservoirs
Authors: Swanney Peter J. 
Published: September 2023

Five commercially available cardiotomy reservoirs (CR) were tested to determine:

Gaseous microemboli removal efficiency
Manufacturer contaminant levels
Blood hold-up volume

The gaseous microemboli were detected by a doppler type ultrasonic detector. Manufacturer contaminant levels were counted by flushing each CR with filtered water and collecting the contaminants on a filter paper. This was then examined under a light microscope and size and counts were taken. The blood hold-up volume was determined by finding the difference in volume in a cylinder between flowing through the CR and bypassing it.
The lntersept and BST-l CR were found to be significantly more efficient at removing the gaseous microemboli. All the CR had a large number of contaminants which included a particle count range from 10-278 greater than 100 microns. The lntersept CR had less hold-up volume then the others.
A Technique for Computerized Monitoring and Analysis of a Pulsed Doppler System to Count ECC Gaseous Microemboli
Authors: Riley J.B. , Fitch R.W. 
Published: September 2023

A computer with analog to digital conversion capabilities is employed to monitor the peak signal from a pulsed doppler system designed to non-invasively count microbubbles. The bubble detector has two probes for measuring ECC component inlet and outlet gaseous microemboli (GME) counts. The detector selectively processes signals from reflected targets with the impedance of gas.
An indirect calibration procedure employing screen filters is outlined. The peak signal output of the bubble detector is linear in response to GME expected diameter and the GME detector measurement system is subject to coincidence error.
The multiple GME size frequency distribution samples measured at ECC test device inlet and outlet are passed to a statistical software package. The measured GME size frequency distributions fit a normal curve. The increase in the number of smaller GME at the outlet of certain ECC components suggests a coincidence error in the bubble detector or that the ECC device is breaking larger bubbles into smaller bubbles.
Consistent, small standard deviation, and useful GME profiles may be rapidly collected for statistical analysis and comparison by a microcomputer. This data collection system is capable of quantitating ECC component GME production or removal, debubbling process times, necessity for CO2 gas flush and routine clinical maneuvers.
Mechanische Eigenschaften der Arterien
Authors: Wyvekens Marc , Hirth Thomas , Wyvekens Jérôme 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel beschäftigt sich mit den biomechanischen Eigenschaften der
Arterien und dem Einfluss des perivaskulären Gewebes auf die Durchblutung.
Es wird erläutert, wie die Arterien in ihrer Umgebung stabilisiert sind, wie
sie sich gegenüber der Umgebung bewegen und wie sich das
perivaskuläre Gewebe und die Arterien gegenseitig beeinflussen.
Anschließend wird, abgeleitet aus der embryologischen Entwicklung, eine
Referenzposition für die unteren Extremitäten vorgeschlagen. Am Ende
des Artikels werden am Beispiel der unteren Extremität osteopathische
Techniken gezeigt, welche die biomechanische Integration der Beinarterien als Ziel
haben.
The communicative CLIL classroom
Authors: Frank Schmid Silvia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The article addresses how heterogenous primary school students in Switzerland use learning opportunities to
develop their English-speaking competences offered in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL). Based on the lesson study
approach, two task-based CLIL modules combining the subjects English and art were implemented in different primary classes with a
focus on three case pupils in each class who represent high-attaining, average and low-attaining learners of English. Their spoken
communication was analysed with an adapted version of the Communication Orientation of Language Teaching (COLT) observation scheme
(Allen et al., 1983) and according to the language triptych (Coyle et al., 2010). Surveys were also conducted to investigate learners’ and teachers’
perception of the learning opportunities. The results indicate that the high-attaining and average students used the provided
opportunities almost equally for developing their oral English competences. Although the low-attaining learners used the CLIL
tasks in a significantly different way, they also achieved the objectives for speaking in English about art.
Wh-doubling in German Sign Language
Authors: Bross Fabian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Wh-doubling is a widely attested phenomenon in sign languages. Several analyses are found in the
literature assuming, for example, base-generation of one of the doubles or making (heavy) use of remnant movement. Using data from
German Sign Language, this article discusses the possibility that the structure might be derived from a relative clause embedded
under a wh-question which finally undergoes sluicing. It will be argued that such an account correctly predicts
the distribution of the wh-phrases found in German Sign Language doubling constructions.
A high-order TE50 mode waveguide with single mode transmission property and its application in slot array antenna
Authors: Chen Jianfeng , Fan Xiaolong , Cheng Qiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Conventional array antenna techniques contain various feeding networks, such as T-junction power dividers, phase dividers, and baluns. To feed a relatively large array, one can cascade the traditional T-junction power dividers, resulting in the increase of design complexity. In this paper, an overmoded waveguide supporting the single mode propagation of TE50 mode, is presented. Since TE50 mode can be separated into five TE10 modes with equi-amplitude and opposite phase properties, it is advisable to distribute the input signal flexibly and decrease the cascading of the T-junctions for the traditional feeding networks. To actualize a TE50 mode waveguide, several rows of metallic blocks acting as metamaterial are periodically loaded inside an overmoded waveguide to tailor the dispersion of the waveguide modes and yield the proposed mode bandgaps. Considering the Bloch theory, parts of the undesired waveguide modes are not supported inside the metamaterial and will be removed by these bandgaps. In addition, central feeding method is used to suppress the unwanted modes further in light of mode mismatch. As a proof-of-concept, we drilled the slot array on the top of the overmoded waveguide directly and give rise to a pencil beam radiation along the broadside with 15–17 dBi realized gain among 9.4–10.6 GHz, which demonstrates the stable feeding ability of TE50 mode.
Mixed-terminal MXenes react with SF6 in aqueous solution: reaction mechanism and pathway
Authors: Zeng Fuping , Guo Xinnuo , Chen Xiaoyue , Zhu Kexin , Qiu Hao , Zhang Shiling , Tang Ju 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The search for an ecofriendly treatment for the strong greenhouse gas SF6 has become a global hot issue. Herein, the mixed-terminal Ti3C2T
x
MXene catalyzing conversion of SF6 in aqueous solution was explored. The catalytic network on realistic Ti3C2T
x
was constructed. By theoretical calculations, target products and the microscopic reaction mechanism were studied. Firstly, SF6 exhibited different degrees of chemisorption on the constructed Ti3C2T
x
surfaces of three varying terminal proportions, with different terminals showing synergistic effects. Secondly, taking the effect of H2O and surface hydroxyl into account, the catalytic conversion system of SF6 on a Ti3C2(OH)0.66O1.33 surface was constructed, containing 25 sub-reactions with H2S as one of the final products. SF6 went through successive defluorination on the Ti3C2(OH)0.66O1.33 surface to form low-fluorine sulfide SF
x
(x = 5, 4, 3, 2, 1), with energy of 80.685 kcal mol−1 released during the whole process. The energy barriers of all the SF6 decomposition sub-reactions were significantly lower than that in free space. Besides, O terminals were regarded as potential hydroxyl terminals in aqueous solution, which continuously provided active hydroxyl groups for the Ti3C2(OH)0.66O1.33 surface. Thus, SF6 conversion in aqueous solution will not result in deactivation of Ti3C2T
x
catalyst. This work provides a theoretical basis for MXene to catalyze SF6 decomposition in an efficient way.
One-dimensional Lévy quasicrystal
Authors: Chatterjee Pallabi , Modak Ranjan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Space-fractional quantum mechanics (SFQM) is a generalization of the standard quantum mechanics when the Brownian trajectories in Feynman path integrals are replaced by Lévy flights. We introduce Lévy quasicrystal by discretizing the space-fractional Schrödinger equation using the Grünwald–Letnikov derivatives and adding on-site quasiperiodic potential. The discretized version of the usual Schrödinger equation maps to the Aubry–André (AA) Hamiltonian, which supports localization–delocalization transition even in one dimension. We find the similarities between Lévy quasicrystal and the AA model with power-law hopping, and show that the Lévy quasicrystal supports a delocalization–localization transition as one tunes the quasiperiodic potential strength and shows the coexistence of localized and delocalized states separated by mobility edge. Hence, a possible realization of SFQM in optical experiments should be a new experimental platform to test the predictions of AA models in the presence of power-law hopping.
Precision measurement of 5-DOF rotational error motion using two multi-probe error separation methods
Authors: Hwang In-Oh , Seo Se-Min , Liang Shuo , Cho Nahm-Gyoo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study proposes a new method for the precision measurement of the 5-DOF error motion of rotating machines. The developed seven-probe error separation system uses two measurement units, consisting of an upper four-probe unit and a lower three-probe unit, for the separation of error signals. From the seven probe output signals, the profile signals of the measured surface and the 5-DOF error motion signals, including random components, can be precisely separated. An analysis was carried out to examine the effects of the intersection term by the 5-DOF error motion signals, which is an additional measurement error cause. Furthermore, an effective calculation process capable of calculating a precise surface profile and error motion signal by compensating for the effect was proposed. Numerical validation tests and measurement experiments were performed. This showed it was possible to make accurate measurements by separating the 5-DOF error motions and surface profile signals and using a compensation calculation process. In addition, the effect of the stability error of the probe, which can be a significant factor in increasing measurement uncertainty, on the measurement results was observed and analyzed. Based on the geometric relationship of the measurement system, a process for estimating the expected effect of the stability error of the probe on the measurement result was presented. By applying this process, it is possible to determine the scale of probe stability error to secure the measurement reliability required when selecting a probe used in the system.
A real-time method for detecting bottom defects of lithium batteries based on an improved YOLOv5 model
Authors: Zhang Yu , Shu Shuangbao , Lang Xianli , Liang Huajun , Yu Ziqiao , Yang Ziqiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Defect detection of lithium batteries is a crucial step in lithium battery production. However, traditional detection methods mainly rely on the human eyes to observe the bottom defects of lithium battery products, which have low detection accuracy and slow detection speed. To solve this practical problem, an improved YOLOv5s model is proposed in this paper. Firstly, a new layer of the network output layer is added to improve the detection effect of small defects. Secondly, to extract important information in the feature maps, the convolutional block attention module attention mechanism is added to the YOLOv5s model. Finally, a new position loss function is used to improve the accuracy of the position prediction of the model. The experimental results indicate that the improved YOLOv5s model can accurately and quickly detect three types of defects on the bottom surface of lithium batteries. Specifically, the loss and mean average precision (mAP) of the improved YOLOv5s model are 0.033 94 and 67.5% respectively. Compared with the traditional YOLOv5s model, the loss of the improved YOLOv5s model is reduced by 31%. As well as, the mAP of the improved YOLOv5s model is increased by 4.3% on the lithium battery defect dataset. Compared with the YOLOv3, YOLOv3-spp, retinanet and YOLOv4, the mAP of the improved YOLOv5s model increased by 5.4%, 0.7%, 11.9% and 3.7% respectively. Compared with other improved YOLOv5 algorithms used in various fields, the mAP of the proposed model on the lithium battery dataset is the highest. The detection speed of the improved YOLOv5s model reaches 111 frames per second, which can meet the real-time detection requirements. The improved YOLOv5s model has board application prospects in the industrial production of lithium batteries.
Critical mass capacity for two-dimensional Keller–Segel model with nonlocal reaction terms
Authors: Bian Shen , Wang Quan , Li Jing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with the parabolic–elliptic Keller–Segel system on

R

2

, involving a source term of logistic type defined in terms of the mass capacity M
0 and the total mass of the individuals. We exhibit that the qualitative behaviour of solutions is decided by the mass capacity M
0 and the initial mass m
0. For general solutions, the existence of a global weak solution is proved under the assumption that both M
0 and m
0 are less than 8π, whereas there exist solutions blowing up in finite time under the hypotheses of either

M
0

>
8
π

with any integrable initial data or

M
0

<
8
π
<

m
0

accompanied with large initial data. Moreover,

m
0

<

M
0

=
8
π

gives rise to a compromise that solutions exist globally and blow up as time goes to infinity. For radially symmetric solutions, we introduce a strategy of relegating the lack of mass conservation via a transformation to the density and then obtain that there are stationary solutions given by

U

s
,
λ

(
r
)
=

8
λ

(

r
2

+
λ

)
2

with λ > 0. Subsequently we prove that if the initial data is strictly below

m
0

M
0

U

s
,
λ

(
r
)

for some λ > 0, then the solution vanishes in

L

l
o
c

1

(

R

2

)

as

t
→
∞

. If the initial data is strictly above

m
0

M
0

U

s
,
λ

(
r
)

for some λ > 0, then the solution either blows up in finite time or has a mass concentration at the origin as time goes to infinity. Finally, our results are complemented by numerical simulations that demonstrate the asymptotic behaviour of solutions.
Effects of nonlocal correlation functionals on electron-phonon interactions in NbC
Authors: Bakar Abu , Shahbaz Muhammad , Afaq A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The first-principles approach is applied to study the electronic, vibrational, and superconducting properties of B1-NbC. We used a variety of density functional theory methods that involve local density approximation (PW), generalized gradient approximation; PBE, PBEsol, and GGA functionals corrected with nonlocal correlation functionals (rVV10, vdW-DF2, vdW-DF3). Although the electronic band structures from different methods show an overwhelming agreement, the phonon dispersion curves display significant differences at certain points. The optical phonons make an appreciable part of the electron-phonon coupling constant, λ (up to 23%). This contribution is found to be the largest for PW and the smallest for PBE whereas the nonlocal functionals give intermediate values. This behavior is in perfect analogy with the interaction energies for the three types of methods. The nonlocal functionals, rVV10 and vdW-DF3, fine tuned λ to obtain a value in close agreement with a recently reported experimental value of λ = 0.848 Yan et al. Despite the fact that variations in λ due to nonlocal functionals are not very large, the effects on the superconducting transition temperatures are significant. In addition, the Coulomb screening potential, μ
* = 0.1525 gives superconducting transition temperature in the best agreement with the experiment.
Baryon-photon interactions in Resummed Kinetic Field Theory
Authors: Kostyuk Ivan , Lilow Robert , Bartelmann Matthias 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We explore how interactions between baryons and photons can be incorporated into Kinetic Field Theory (KFT), a description of cosmic structure formation based on classical Hamiltonian particle dynamics. In KFT, baryons are described as effective mesoscopic particles which represent fluid elements governed by the hydrodynamic equations. In this paper, we modify the mesoscopic particle model to include pressure effects exerted on baryonic matter through interactions with photons. As a proof of concept, we use this extended mesoscopic model to describe the tightly coupled baryon-photon fluid between matter-radiation equality and recombination. We show that this model can qualitatively reproduce the formation of baryon-acoustic oscillations in the cosmological power spectrum.
Failure analysis of a cracked tram axle
Authors: Kasl J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The subject of the paper is the results of the material analysis of the cracked axle of the tram. Fractographic analysis of the fracture surface was performed, the microstructure of the damaged part was observed, hardness profiles were measured and local chemical composition was determined by the EDX method. The failure occurred through a fatigue mechanism. The crack was initiated from surface defects of the welded material on the surface of the axle. The cause of the accident was the interplay of several negative factors: poor welding repair technology, unsuitable consumables, high levels of residual stresses and mechanical damage during assembly.
Adhesion of selected thermally sprayed coatings on additive manufactured maraging steel
Authors: Dlouhá Ž , Vostřák M , Duliškovič J , Zetková I , Mařík T 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) technology is increasingly expanding into different types of industries. Still, many potential applications are restricted due to the limited choice of materials used in AM. A suitable solution could be a combination of AM and thermal spraying of functional parts of the surface to achieve superior surface properties. This work aims to study the possibility to prepare the surface with AM technology to direct application of coating by thermal spraying without any additional surface preparation. To verify this possibility, the parameters of the 3D printing technology were adjusted to achieve suitable surface structures for the following thermal spraying. Several variants of modifications with different surface properties were selected. The samples were printed from maraging steel using the DMLS technology. The coatings chosen for testing were WC – CoCr and Stellite 6 sprayed by HVOF and further NiAl and Al2O3-TiO2 sprayed by APS. The adhesion of the coating was tested by an adhesion test performed under the ASTM C633-79 standard. The bonding of the coating on the surface was studied by metallographic analysis. The achieved results indicate that the adhesion of HVOF sprayed WC-CoCr coating on 3D printed surfaces is excellent for most surface modifications. The Stellite 6 exhibits good adhesion on several surface modifications. The APS sprayed coating shows significantly lower adhesion, the NiAl and Al2O3-TiO2 coatings can be successfully sprayed only on selected surface modifications.
Influence of direct metal deposition modes on the shaping of single tracks and walls made of heat-resistant powder material
Authors: Oleynik M A , Balyakin A V , Zlobin E P , Goncharov E S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The article presents the results of the study of the effect of direct laser growth modes on the shaping of single rollers and walls made of heat-resistant alloy. Powder from heat-resistant nickel alloy of the HN50VMTUB brand, manufactured by JSC “Kompozit” and JSC “Opytnyj zavod “Mikron”, was used as the material under study. The morphology of the deposited material is considered. The study of microhardness is carried out.
Study of reflectance characteristics for isolation of anisotropic medium over hydrocarbons
Authors: Yanushkevich V F , Dauhiala D A , Adamovich A L , Abramenka S N , Fedarovich N Y 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The article provides a study of the reflectance characteristics for the isolation of an anisotropic medium over hydrocarbons. An analysis of the reflectance characteristics for two-frequency electromagnetic waves when exposed to prevailing waves of either low or high frequency has been carried out. Experimental studies were carried out on real hydrocarbon fields. The results of these tests confirmed an increase in the level of delineation of oil and gas accumulations by measuring reflectance characteristics at (10 - 20) m. The obtained results of the studies can be used in electrical exploration systems to improve the accuracy of determining the boundaries of the deposit to improve the accuracy of determining the boundaries of the deposit by measuring reflectance characteristics in a wide frequency range and to enhance resolution while determining the location of deposits by measuring reflectance characteristics in two modes.