bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The COVID-19 Pandemic Influence on Doctor’s Service Performance Using Workload as a Mediation Variable
Authors: Rahmayanti Fida , Noermijati Noermijati , Armanu Armanu , Rohman Fatchur 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Background:
The Covid-19 pandemic greatly affected doctors' increasing workload, especially in Primary Health Care Facilities. If this is not addressed immediately, it will affect the performance or quality of a doctor's service.
Aim:
This research objective is to identify the role of Primary Healthcare Facility doctors' workload in moderating the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on their performance.
Methods:
The explanatory-descriptive research was conducted using a quantitative approach. The research respondents were 103 general practitioners who worked at a Primary Healthcare Facility in Malang City (35.0% male and 65.0% female, the most extensive age range was 26-35 years (74.8%), with a working period of 1-5 years. 57 (55.3%) The research instrument was a questionnaire declared valid and reliable, distributed online, and analyzed using Partial Least Square.
Results:
The findings demonstrated that the Covid-19 pandemic significantly positively affected the performance of Primary Healthcare Facility doctors (β=0.455, t stat=11.390). The pandemic also significantly impacted workload (β=0.283, t stat=4.347). Workload impacted performance significantly and positively (β=0.224, t stat 4.157). Workload mediates the Covid-19 Pandemic influence on doctors' performance (β=0.063, t stat=3.005).
Conclusions:
Doctors at Primary Health Care have not all experienced a decline in performance despite the increased workload due to the Covid-19 Pandemic. It forces doctors to juggle between completing their tasks, fighting against disease, and improving their performance.

Keywords: Covid-19 Pandemic, Doctor’s Service Performance, Workload, Primary Health Care
Les cycles économiques de la France : une datation de référence
Authors: Aviat Antonin , Bec Frédérique , Diebolt Claude , Doz Catherine , Ferrand Denis , Ferrara Laurent , Heyer Éric , Mignon Valérie , Pionnier Pierre-Alain 
Published: May 2023

Cet article propose une datation trimestrielle de référence des périodes de récession et d’expansion de l’économie française depuis 1970, réalisée par le comité de datation des cycles de l’Association française de science économique. La méthodologie repose sur deux piliers : 1) des estimations économétriques pour identifier les périodes candidates et 2) une approche narrative détaillant le contexte économique de l’époque pour finaliser la datation. De 1970 à 2019, quatre périodes de récession économique sont identifiées : les chocs pétroliers de 1974-1975 et 1980, le cycle d’investissement de 1992-1993 et la grande récession de 2008-2009. Pour la récession Covid, le pic est daté au dernier trimestre 2019 et le creux au deuxième trimestre 2020. Classification JEL : E32, E37, C24, N14.
Les diplômes français se sont-ils dévalorisés ?
Authors: Argan Damiano , Gary-Bobo Robert 
Published: May 2023

Nous étudions l’évolution des salaires des jeunes diplômés français entre 1992 et 2017, en nous appuyant sur les enquêtes Génération du Céreq. La dévalorisation des diplômes est définie de manière simple comme la baisse des salaires réels moyens des diplômés d’une même catégorie, et nous observons qu’une telle dévalorisation des diplômes s’est bien produite, de l’ordre de 10 %, pour les diplômes universitaires de master et pour les diplômes des écoles d’ingénieurs, entre 1997 et 2015. Il n’y a en revanche pas de dévalorisation pour les diplômes de niveau inférieur au baccalauréat, et nous rapprochons ce dernier résultat de la hausse du Smic. En mettant les données sous la forme d’un panel nous estimons des équations de salaire en contrôlant pour l’expérience (potentielle et effective) et le niveau de diplôme des individus. Les estimations confirment les résultats et montrent que la dévalorisation observée est due en partie à une baisse des rendements de l’expérience. Avec ces méthodes, on ne sait pas ce qui est dû à des changements inobservables dans la sélection des diplômés, mais il semble vraisemblable que la dévalorisation est principalement le résultat de la hausse substantielle du nombre des diplômés du supérieur dans la période étudiée, et non un effet de la conjoncture ou de l’antisélection. Classification JEL : I24, I26, J24, J31.
Handicap et discriminations dans l’accès au logement : Un test multicritère sur les malvoyants
Authors: Challe Laetitia , Chareyron Sylvain , L’Horty Yannick , du Parquet Loïc , Petit Pascale 
Published: May 2023

Nous mesurons l’effet d’une situation de handicap, la déficience visuelle, sur l’accès au logement dans le parc locatif privé en Ile-de-France à l’aide d’un protocole permettant de comparer cet effet à celui d’une origine maghrébine du candidat. Entre juin et juillet 2020, nous avons répondu à 1 000 annonces immobilières, ce qui correspond à l’envoi de 3 000 messages sollicitant la visite d’un logement. Alors même que nous utilisons un signal faible de handicap, une situation de malvoyance, nous mettons en évidence un impact élevé sur les chances d’être invité à visiter un bien immobilier. Le candidat qui signale ce type de handicap a un taux de réponse positive de 7,4 points de pourcentage inférieur au candidat n’affichant pas de handicap, soit une pénalité d’environ 15 % en termes relatifs. La différence est significativement plus faible, de celle obtenue lorsque le candidat fictif signale une origine maghrébine par la consonance de ses noms et prénoms, qui est de 10,5 points de pourcentage. Codes JEL: C81, C93, J15, R31
Women’s Political Participation and Energy Poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa: Effects and Transmission Channels
Authors: Tadadjeu Dessy , Tadadjeu Sosson , Njangang Henri , Djeunankan Ronald 
Published: May 2023

La pauvreté énergétique reste un défi majeur pour la croissance économique durable et inclusive, la bonne gouvernance, la paix et la stabilité dans les pays développés et en particulier dans les régions en développement comme l’Afrique. Outre ce défi énergétique, la participation des femmes à la prise de décision politique reste un autre grand défi pour les pays africains. A ce jour, peu d’études ont examiné les effets de la participation politique des femmes sur la pauvreté énergétique. Par conséquent, l’objectif de cette étude est d’examiner les effets de la participation politique des femmes sur la pauvreté énergétique (mesurée principalement par l’accès à l’électricité) dans un panel de 45 pays d’Afrique subsaharienne sur la période 1997-2018. En outre, cet article examine les canaux de transmission par lesquels la participation politique des femmes affecte la pauvreté énergétique. Les preuves empiriques sont basées sur la technique d’estimation par les effets fixes et la méthode des moments généralisés (GMM), et les résultats suivants sont établis : Premièrement, les femmes parlementaires améliorent l’accès à l’électricité à la fois pour la population totale et pour les populations urbaines et rurales. En d’autres termes, les résultats montrent que les femmes parlementaires réduisent la pauvreté énergétique en Afrique subsaharienne. Ces résultats sont robustes à une série de contrôles de sensibilité. Deuxièmement, nous identifions le contrôle de la corruption et la démocratie comme les principaux canaux de transmission par lesquels les femmes parlementaires promeuvent l’accès à l’électricité. Ces résultats mettent en évidence le rôle important des femmes politiques dans la réalisation des objectifs de développement durable, notamment l’accès à l’électricité en Afrique.
SUBVERSION OF PRE-DEFINED FEMALE GENDER ROLES IN PAKISTANI SOCIETY: A FEMINIST ANALYSIS OF THE SHADOW OF THE CRESCENT MOON, BUTTERFLY SEASON AND STAINED
Authors: Zaidi Saba , Sahibzada Mehwish , Farooq Sardar 
Published: May 2023

The present research aspires to represent the subversion of pre-defined gender roles in the novels; The Shadow of the Crescent Moon (2013) by Fatima Bhutto, Butterfly Season (2014) by Natasha Ahmed, and Stained (2016) by Abda Khan. The researchers had tried to depict the destabilization of gender-based stereotyped identity from the Pakistani perspective. The selected method of study was Feminist Analysis by Tyson (2006), which examined literature as a medium to represent feminist issues, whereas; the theoretical angle of “Matrix of Domination” from Collins’ (2004) Feminist/Gender theory was used as a principle to analyze and depict the subversion of pre-defined gender roles in the selected novels. Present study aimed to establish the notion of gender as a social construct that could be subverted through literary discourses that have the potential to challenge the power-based gender roles within a patriarchal society. In this regard, different critical works of prominent theorists and writers had been discussed briefly in the literature review to project the significance of the works by contemporary Pakistani women writers as a medium to subvert identities formed by their society. Gender was also a means of power, through which the dominant sought to control the subordinate. The objective of the research was to suggest that gender is socially constructed, therefore, it can be deconstructed through literature. The selected novels exemplify the current gender inclinations of today’s Pakistan with the pen of female writers. Stereotyped gender identity is a socially constructed vice that divides humans into segments, hence it is required of the contemporary discourses to decenter such power discourses that perpetuate hegemonic boundaries and restrict the women into social shackles of imposed identities.
EFICIÊNCIA NAS UNIVERSIDADES FEDERAIS BRASILEIRA: UMA APLICAÇÃO DA ANÁLISE ENVOLTÓRIA DE DADOS
Authors: Martinez Cohen Maria de los Angeles , Paixão Adriano Nascimento , Oliveira Nilton Marques 
Published: May 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo mensurar a eficiência de 56 universidades federais brasileiras. Os dados foram obtidos no sitio do Tribunal de Contas da União (TCU). As variáveis utilizadas foram o índice de qualificação do corpo docente e o conceito capes da pós-graduação. A técnica empregada para mensuração foi a Análise Envoltória de dados (DEA). Os principais resultados da pesquisa apontaram níveis de eficiência para cada grupo analisado. No grupo I, 37,5 % das universidades tiveram resultados eficientes e no grupo II 53,12%. As causas da ineficiência em cada grupo estiveram relacionadas a fatores diferentes, por exemplo, aquelas universidades com os melhores índices de qualificação do corpo docentes e conceito capes (grupo I), apresentaram excessos de custo corrente por aluno. Por outro lado, a principal causa de ineficiência no grupo II foi explicada pela escassez na taxa de sucesso na graduação e o excesso no índice de qualificação do corpo docente.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Kimia Materi Larutan Penyangga dengan Metode Tutor Sebaya
Authors: Rujinem Rujinem 
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar materi larutan penyangga dengan metode tutor sebaya pada peserta didik kelas XI MIPA-2 Semester genap dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini diawali dengan prestasi dan motivasi belajar kelas XI MIPA-2 masih rendah, sehingga penulis mempunyai ide mempraktikkan metode mengajar yang divariasi sehingga prestasi meningkat. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar dengan metode Tutor sebaya pada materi larutan penyangga. Jenis metode penelitian yang digunakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). Langkah penelitian terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah peserta kelas XI MIPA-2 SMA Negeri 1 Srandakan semester genap dengan jumlah 23 anak. Penelitian dilaksanakan 2 siklus dengan pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan lembar pengamatan (observasi) dan hasil tes ulangan harian pada materi larutan penyangga. Pelaksanaan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik kolaborasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisa deskriptif kualitatif. Data hasil penelitian tindakan kelas menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar, siklus 1 rata-rata 69,95 dan persentase ketuntasan 65,21 % dan siklus II rata-rata nilai 76,09 dan persentase ketuntasan 82,60 %. Pembelajaran dengan metode tutor sebaya mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar kimia materi larutan penyangga.
Conventional Ultrasonography: A Remarkable Tool in Early Detection of Benign Ovarian Lesions in Comparison to Gold Standard MRI
Authors: Jabeen Naila , Walid Ayesha , Rasheed Binish , Naz Nasreen , Rahim Anila , Siddiqui Rabeeya Qutub uddin 
Published: May 2023

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficiency of ultrasonography in the accurate diagnosis of benign ovarian lesions as compared to the gold standard Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
Study Design: Prospective analytical cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Dow Institute of Radiology, Dow University of health sciences (DUHS), OJHA Campus, Karachi, Pakistan, from Jun 2018 to Nov 2019
Methodology: The consecutive sampling technique was used to recruit the patients. The frequency and percentage, and mean and standard deviation were calculated for qualitative and quantitative variables, respectively. The p-value <0.05 considered assignificant.
Results: Majority of the patients were aged ≥20 years (49.06%) and were obese (13.21%). Majority of the participants (88.68%) were married where 69.81% had normal menstrual status and 11.32% had menopause. On cross-tabulation, tumor status (Benign) was found to have a very high significant association with age and BMI at p-value <0.001 and menstrual status at pvalue 0.000. Benign lesions were most prevalent (60.47%) among 20-29 years old and the PPV is 92.86%; Diagnostic accuracy for this age group is 95.35%. PPV, NPV, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were 100 % for Underweight, premenopause patients with 16 to 30 days symptoms. Benign tumor was more prevalent among patients with normal BMI (93.48%), post-menopause (63.64%), symptoms’ duration of 1 to 3years (66.67%), single (37.06%) and cystic mass (49.52%).
Conclusion: Ultrasonography showed excellent diagnostic accuracy in the detection of benign ovarian tumors.
Patterns of Cytopenias Associated with Methotrexate Treated Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Malik Mohsin Shakoor , Fakhr Amer , Hakim Farzana , Amer Ahsan 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of various patterns of cytopenias with Methotrexate-treated rheumatoid arthritis patients and the correlation of pancytopenia with various factors.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Rheumatology/General Medicine Department, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi from May 2019 to Mar 2020.
Methodology: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis who were managed with Methotrexate for more than six months were included in the study. Full blood counts were performed for all the patients from the laboratory of the hospital. The frequency of monocytopenia, bi-cytopenia and pancytopenia were calculated.
Results: Mean age of the study participants was 37.41±5.72 years. One hundred and sixty-eight 168(84%) patients had the presence of any cytopenia, while 32 (16%) did not show the presence of any cytopenia on full blood count. The advancing age and use of polypharmacy had a statistically significant association with cytopenias among patients with rheumatoid arthritis managed with Methotrexate (p-value <0.05).
Conclusion: The presence of cytopenia emerged as a relatively common finding among rheumatoid arthritis patients managed with Methotrexate. Advanced age of the patient and patients who required more than one medication to control the symptoms of RA were found at a higher risk for developing pancytopenia while being managed with Methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis.
Comparison of Changes in Endothelial Corneal Cell Count of Vitrectomized Silicone Oil-Filled Eyes
Authors: Hannan Abdul , Zafar Sarah , Bashir Aziz Jan , Massana Hassan , Habib Kashif , Naeem Abdullah 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the mean endothelial cell change in patients undergoing vitrectomy with silicon oil replacement and to compare the corneal endothelial cell loss frequency of phakic, pseudophakic, and aphakic Vitrectomized Silicone Oil-filled eyes.
Study Design: Cross-sectional Study.
Place and Duration of Study: Retina Department, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Aug 2020 to Jan 2021.
Methodology: A total of one hundred patients of either gender, aged 50-80 years, who underwent vitrectomy with silicon oil replacement were enrolled in the study. Patients were assigned to one of the three groups based on their lens status, phakic,pseudophakic and aphakic. Mean endothelial count density before and three months after vitrectomy was estimated in all the patients.
Results: Cell loss was higher in the pseudophakic and aphakic groups than in the phakic groups. More than 5% cell loss at three months was observed in 11.8%, 21.2% and 33.3% in the phakic, pseudophakic, and aphakic groups, respectively (p-value 0.102).
Conclusions: Mean endothelial cell loss was higher in the pseudophakic and aphakic groups than in the phakic groups.
Resilience in the Face of Psychiatric Morbidity Among COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Ahmed Waqas , Safdar Sachal Aqeel , Ali Sohail , Khan Sana , Azeem Asif , Malik Nouman 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To study the effects of COVID-related psychiatric morbidity on the psychological resilience of male patients.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital (PEMH), Rawalpindi and PNS Shifa, Karachi Pakistan from Apr to Jul 2020.
Methodology: One hundred and thirteen male patients filled out the depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21) on day zero and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CDRS) on day 180. Mean values were calculated for each component of DASS21 and resilience. Pearson correlation was applied to establish statistical significance.
Results: The mean values were highest for stress (2.65±4.52), followed by depression (2.02±5.28) and then anxiety (3.63±5.96). The mean resilience was found to be 72.4±14.2. There was a significant negative correlation between each of the three measurements of DASS-21 and its total value with resilience (p<0.01). All three aspects of DASS-21 increased with age [depression {r(111)= 0.33, p<0.01}, anxiety {r(111)= 0.39, p<0.01} and stress {r(111)= 0.30, p<0.01}].
Conclusion: Resilience among hospitalized COVID-19-positive patients is reduced compared to the normal population. As depression, stress and anxiety increase, resilience decreases proportionately.
Comparison of Effects of LED Phototherapy with Compact Fluorescent Phototherapy in Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Saleem Amna , Ahmed Bilal , Shah Sajid Ali , Subhani Fahim Ahmed , Ayub Ammara , Shiekh Saba Afzal 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare the mean post-treatment bilirubin level with light emitting diode (LED) phototherapy versus compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) phototherapy in neonates presenting with hyperbilirubinemia
Study Design: Comparative prospective study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Paediatrics, Pakistan Railway Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan to Dec 2019.
Methodology: Hundred children fulfilling the inclusion criteria were recuited in the study from Emergency Department. Then neonates were divided into two groups. In Group-A, neonates underwent phototherapy with LED; in Group-B, neonates underwent phototherapy with conventional phototherapy. Then neonates were followed up in the neonatal intensive care unit for 24 hours. Pre and post-treatment reports were assessed, and bilirubin level was noted.
Results: In Group-A, the mean age of neonates was 49.12±23.42 hours, while in Group-B was 38.70±15.42 hours. In Group-A, the mean Bilirubin level at baseline was 13.64±5.98 gm/dl and in Group-B was 15.88±5.44 gm/dl. In Group-A, the mean Bilirubin level after 24 hours was 8.47±4.96 gm/dl and in Group-B was 9.538±5.35 gm/dl. In both groups, no significant difference in the mean bilirubin level was observed after 24 hours (p-value=0.30).
Conclusion: Light-emitting diode phototherapy and compact fluorescent lamp phototherapy are equally effective in a mean reduction in the total serum bilirubin after 24 hours.
Typhoid Ileal Perforation: Comparative Study of Ileostomy Versus Primary Repair and associated Morbidity and Mortality
Authors: Gul Shahzore , Parveen Sughra , Iqbal Mazhar , Ahmed Tanveer , Khan Imran , Nawaz Ali 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To study the result of primary repair with ileostomy in cases of typhoid ileal perforation.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Surgery, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center, Karachi Pakistan, from May 2019 to Jun 2020
Methodology: Participants who were operated on for typhoid ileal perforation were included, while patients who presented with a hollow viscus perforation other than ileal perforation were excluded from the study. Peritoneal lavage and exploration were performed. All per-operative findings were documented. In addition, the socio-demographic and clinical parameters, including the postoperative complications and morbidity/mortality, were documented.
Results: Out of the 73 individuals with ileal perforation included in this research, 52 underwent primary repair, whereas 21 underwent ileostomy. Patients who had undergone ileostomy had a higher morbidity (61.90%) and mortality (19.00%) rate than patients in the Primary Repair Group. In addition, patients in the ileostomy Group had significantly higher rates of wound dehiscence and infection, electrolyte imbalance, and weight loss than patients in the Primary Repair Group.
Conclusion: The current study indicates that primary repair is an ideal procedure for typhoid ileal perforation compared to an ileostomy.
Evaluation of Serum Vitamin D Levels Among Patients with Viral Warts
Authors: Kanwal Shamsa , Ur Rehman Farid , Fatima Bilqees , Waqar Qureshi Sana , Jamil Sibqa , Nawaz Khan Rab 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To evaluate serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) in patients with viral warts.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Dermatology Department, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jul to Dec 2020.
Methodology: One hundred patients were included in the study, 50 with viral warts (Group-1) and 50 without warts (Group2). Our study included both male and female patients of 10 to 60 years of age. Three categories were made according to their serum vitamin D levels. First, all participants were tested for serum vitamin D levels using ELISA.
Results: In Group-1, 20(40%) had insufficient, and 25(50%) had deficient vitamin D levels. A statistically significant decrease in serum 25-OHD levels (p = 0.004) was found in patients with viral warts. In Group-2, 9(18%) had insufficient, and 2(4%) had deficient vitamin D levels. The mean serum vitamin D level was 22.61±10.11 in Group-1 and 45.12±24.60 in Group-2, resulting in a significant difference between patients with viral warts and those without viral warts regarding serum vitamin D levels (p=0.004).
Conclusion: Patients with viral warts have deficient vitamin D levels.