bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children with inborn errors of immunity: A single centre experience
Authors: Arman Bilir Özlem , Karaatmaca Betül , Ok Bozkaya İkbal , Kanbur Şerife Mehtap , Kaçar Dilek , Metin Ayşe , Özbek Namık Yaşar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of 61 pediatric patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) between 2011 and 2023. Patients were categorized into primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDD), primary immune dysregulation disorders (PIRD), and congenital defects of phagocyte number or function (CDP). Median ages at diagnosis and HSCT were 9 and 30 months, respectively. With a median follow‐up of 51 months, the overall survival (OS) was 70%, with a 100‐day post‐transplant OS of 80%. Transplant‐related mortality (TRM) was 29%, with rates of 42%, 22.5%, and 27% for PIRD, PIDD, and CDP, respectively. This study highlights the importance of early diagnosis and HSCT in improving survival for IEI patients, while also emphasizing the need for continuous improvements in transplant protocols to minimize TRM and enhance quality of life.
Assessing the impact of land use on peat degradation in bogs in the Enns Valley, Austria
Authors: Deng Yujing , Boodoo Kyle S. , Knorr Klaus‐Holger , Glatzel Stephan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPeatlands are important reservoirs of soil organic carbon and nitrogen. Conversion of peatlands for agriculture and forestry has led to the degradation of over 50% of European peatlands – resulting in increased greenhouse gas emissions and groundwater contamination because of nutrient leaching. However, few studies have investigated the effects of land use change on peatlands with a similar history of development, and even fewer have explored these impacts on deeper peat layers (down to 80 cm). Here, we use multiple physicochemical indicators to assess peat degradation at three peat bog sites with varying land uses, but which share a similar origin. Peat cores were collected in triplicate from: a near‐pristine bog, an afforested bog, and an agricultural intensive meadow. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering showed that intensive meadow management, with regular fertilizer application and drainage, primarily affected the reworked surface layer (0–30) cm, with higher bulk density and greater humification, leading to potentially irreversible changes in physical properties and carbon export dynamics. Meanwhile, deeper layers (30–80 cm) remained similar to near‐pristine conditions. In contrast, peat afforestation management, typically involving deep ploughing and continued drainage over ca. 60 years, led to elevated inorganic nitrogen concentrations in the upper 0–40 cm, and increased bulk density and greater humification, down to 80 cm depth. Taken together, our results indicate that afforestation and intensive agricultural management practices—such as nutrient input, drainage, and deep ploughing—not only alter carbon and nutrient export dynamics and chemical characteristics, but also induce changes in the physical properties of peat, with notable distinctions between surface and deeper layers. Therefore, management and restoration strategies should be carefully developed to address the unique impacts of each specific land‐use type.
Pre‐screening donor eligibility to avoid a deferral in the blood donation center: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gemelli Carley N. , Karki Surendra , Diaz Perfecto , Scott Andrew , Davison Tanya E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe application of a temporary deferral when attempting to donate has a negative impact on retention. Little has been done to reduce the likelihood of a donor attending to donate, only to be found to be ineligible. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of pre‐screening donors when making an appointment, to prevent in‐center deferrals.Study Design and MethodsDonation attempts were collated between July and December 2020. Two segments were identified: (1) those who had a deferral applied and (2) those who successfully donated. Donor and donation characteristics examined included age, sex, prior donation history, deferral history, and appointment booking channel (pre‐screened vs. not pre‐screened). We also explored the impact of pre‐screening on the subsequent donation behavior of those who were deferred.ResultsOverall, 3.2% of donation attempts resulted in a deferral being applied. Most donors booked an appointment via a pre‐screening channel (69.9%), with the mobile app being the most popular (31.9%). Donors who booked via a pre‐screening channel had lower odds of receiving a deferral (aOR: 0.86). Strongest effects were observed for new donors (aOR: 0.79), those aged ≤40 years. (aOR: 0.84) and those deferred in the past (aOR: 0.87). Deferred donors who booked by a pre‐screening channel were more likely to return at 6 months (aHR: 1.09) and 12 months (aHR: 1.12) compared to those who did not book through a pre‐screening channel.DiscussionPre‐screening donors is a simple and effective approach to reduce the number of donors deferred when presenting to donate in the donation center, with a longer‐term impact on donor retention.
Preservation of Cardiac Xenografts in a Model of Infant Human Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: Mitchell Chace B. , Simmons Joe , Vo Clementine , Bakshi Kanwarpal , Juliani Julie , Fenske Julie , Hodo Carolyn L. , Cleveland David C. , Cleveland John D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThere is no standard protocol for management of organ preservation for orthotopic, life‐sustaining cardiac xenotransplantation, particularly for hearts from pediatric sized donors. Standard techniques and solutions successful in human allotransplantation are not viable. We theorized that a solution commonly used in reparative cardiac surgery in human children would suffice by exploiting the advantages inherent to xenotransplantation, namely the ability to reduce organ ischemic times by co‐locating the donor and recipient.MethodsOrthotopic cardiac xenotransplantation was performed from genetically engineered pigs to size matched baboons. A dose of modified Del Nido cardioplegia initiated donor heart arrest and was followed by a second dose mixed with recipient blood prior to implant. Hemodynamics and cardiac function were tracked with a combination of invasive and non‐invasive measures.ResultsMean ischemic time and cardiopulmonary bypass times were 54.1 ± 14.6 and 84.1 ± 14 min respectively. The ejection fraction following chest closure was preserved at >50% for all animals. This finding persisted at 48hours. Mean inotropic score at 24 h post‐implant was 9.7 ± 3.ConclusionDel Nido cardioplegia solution when combined with short graft ischemic times demonstrates promising outcomes to avoid primary graft dysfunction for cardiac xenografts in a small animal model of life‐sustaining orthotopic cardiac xenotransplantation. Ex vivo perfusion systems may be unnecessary for successful clinical implementation of this evolving technology.
Predicting high‐performance decathlon career best
Authors: Battles Perry , Noble Tyler J. , Chapman Robert F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe decathlon is a 10‐event discipline in the sport of track and field, typically offered only for men at the elite level of competition (heptathlon is the complementary event for women). It is composed of 10 distinct events contested over 2 days. Using event‐specific coefficients, marks are converted to scores, which sum to produce an overall score. Ten events that share some underlying features, but also some disparate features, create a challenge for coaches and sports administrators in identifying potential elite talent and developing it optimally across the career. In this investigation, decathletes were profiled on the basis of keeping performances ≥6400 points and including only those participants who competed in ≥4 years
. Using gamma generalized linear regression models, the first‐season best mark and improvement in each event were related to all‐time career best. Coefficients were compared to infer priorities for elite decathlete selection (using first‐season best marks in each event) and development (using the delta or improvement in each event). These data show that the most crucial event for identifying an athlete with a future potential elite all‐time career best is the pole vault, followed by the javelin throw, long jump and shot put. For optimal career development, the data suggest athletes obtain the most return by focusing on improvement in the pole vault and long jump.
Calibration of RAFM Micromechanical Model for Creep Using Bayesian Optimization for Functional Output
Authors: Huang Chaofan , Aduloju Sunday , Fritz John , Joseph V. Roshan , Messner Mark , Truster Timothy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A Bayesian optimization procedure is presented for calibrating a multimechanism micromechanical model for creep to experimental data of F82H steel. Reduced activation ferritic martensitic (RAFM) steels based on Fe(8–9)%Cr are the most promising candidates for some fusion reactor structures. Although there are indications that RAFM steel could be viable for fusion applications at temperatures up to 600∘C, the maximum operating temperature will be determined by the creep properties of the structural material and the breeder material compatibility with the structural material. Due to the relative paucity of available creep data on F82H steel compared to other alloys such as Grade 91 steel, micromechanical models are sought for simulating creep based on relevant deformation mechanisms. As a point of departure, this work recalibrates a model form that was previously proposed for Grade 91 steel to match creep curves for F82H steel. Due to the large number of parameters (9) and cost of the nonlinear simulations, an automated approach for tuning the parameters is pursued using a recently developed Bayesian optimization for functional output (BOFO) framework (Huang et al., 2021, “Bayesian optimization of functional output in inverse problems,” Optim. Eng., 22, pp. 2553–2574). Incorporating extensions such as batch sequencing and weighted experimental load cases into BOFO, a reasonably small error between experimental and simulated creep curves at two load levels is achieved in a reasonable number of iterations. Validation with an additional creep curve provides confidence in the fitted parameters obtained from the automated calibration procedure to describe the creep behavior of F82H steel.
Femtosecond Laser Two-Step Rotary Drilling Method for SiCf/SiC Composites
Authors: Dong Zhigang , Ma Hongbin , Li Zhaoji , Yang Feng , Bao Yan , Kang Renke , Ma Guangyi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A femtosecond laser method for high-quality and high-efficiency micro-hole fabrication of SiCf/SiC composites is proposed for this difficult-to-machine material. The influence of optical wedge parameters in the femtosecond laser rotary optical system on the size of the generated annular beam spot and the beam deflection angle was investigated. And the processing parameters of femtosecond laser drilling were obtained by single-layer ablation considering efficiency and quality. By implementing two-step rotary drilling, micro-holes with an entrance diameter of 501.4 μm, an exit diameter of 499.6 μm, a taper of 0.02 deg, and good quality at both ends were achieved. The evolution process and mechanism of hole formation in two-step rotary drilling have been demonstrated. Material removal and the phase changes of elements were studied, and no significant processing damage was observed in the cross-sections of SiC fibers and SiC matrix. By employing the two-step rotary drilling method, micro-holes with an aspect ratio of 6 were fabricated within a processing time of 145 s. This work provides technical support for high-quality and high-efficiency processing of SiCf/SiC composites using femtosecond laser technology.
A Minimum Potential Energy-Based Nonlocal Physics-Informed Deep Learning Method for Solid Mechanics
Authors: Ma Jianxiang , Zhou Xiaoping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Although success is achieved by physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) as a deep learning solver in many fields, they face some challenges when solving solid mechanics problems. The most notable challenges include the neural network mapping of discontinuous field functions and the time-consuming of training PINNs. To tackle these challenges, this article proposes a minimum potential energy-based nonlocal physics-informed deep learning method (MPE-nPINNs), instead of relying on physical constraints expressed in strong form partial differential equations (PDEs). Additionally, we redesign the neural network structure by integrating peridynamic damage features as additional inputs, which can enhance the ability of the networks to describe the discontinuous field and reduce the size of the networks. We evaluate the training efficiency of the proposed method in problems of solid mechanics through comparative examples, and we verify the effectiveness of incorporating peridynamic damage features into optimizing the network structure. The numerical results indicate that the MPE-nPINNs method exhibits superior convergence speed and effectively characterizes discontinuous field functions with fewer number of hyperparameters of neural networks. This study has significant importance in enhancing the generalization ability of physics-informed neural networks and expediting optimization processes.
Application of J-Integral to a Random Elastic Medium
Authors: Eliáš Jan , Martinásek Josef , Le Jia-Liang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the use of the J-integral to compute the statistics of the energy release rate of a random elastic medium. The spatial variability of the elastic modulus is modeled as a homogeneous lognormal random field. Within the framework of Monte Carlo simulation, a modified contour integral is applied to evaluate the first and second statistical moments of the energy release rate. These results are compared with the energy release rate calculated from the potential energy function. The comparison shows that, if the random field of elastic modulus is homogenous in space, the path independence of the classical J-integral remains valid for calculating the mean energy release rate. However, this path independence does not extend to the higher order statistical moments. The simulation further reveals the effect of the correlation length of the spatially varying elastic modulus on the energy release rate of the specimen.
Physiological Responses of Elite Cheerleaders During Training and Simulated Competition Routines
Authors: Riddell Saida , Zinner Christoph , Lubiak Sean M. , Tiralla Gillian , Foster Travis , Tamulevicius Nauris , Quittmann Oliver J. , Lange Martin , Gavanda Simon 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: Competitive cheerleading (cheersport) is a physically demanding sport; however, there is a lack of information regarding its acute physiological responses during training or competition in these athletes. Thus, this study aimed to investigate these responses during both training sessions and simulated cheerleading competition routines (full-outs) among elite cheersport athletes. Methods: Six Coed and 10 All Girl elite cheerleaders were included in this study. Countermovement-jump (CMJ) height and blood lactate concentration were measured prepractice, after warm-up, after a full-out, and at the end of the training session. Heart rate (HR) was monitored throughout all the sessions. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze changes over time. Results: Most of the training time (51%–68%) was spent between 50% and 69% maximum HR. Only 3% to 4% was spent above 90% HRmax. During full-outs, most of the time (67%–80%), HR was ≥80% maximum HR. The blood lactate concentration was significantly elevated post-full-out (6.4 [1.6] mmol/L) compared with pretraining and post-warm-up (P < .001). In addition, blood lactate concentration was higher after training (3.4 [2.2] mmol/L) compared with prepractice and post-warm-up (P ≤ .025). CMJ height did not change over time (P ≤ .268). Conclusion: Cheersport training leads to a low overall metabolic demand but is interspersed with short, high-intensity “intervals.” The highest intensities were achieved during full-outs, indicating the anaerobic nature of competition routines. Therefore, cheerleaders should train both the aerobic and the anaerobic systems to increase recovery capacity between drills and to maximize anaerobic power during competition.
Lactate Threshold and Swimming Performance in World-Class Open-Water Swimmers
Authors: López-Belmonte Óscar , Baldassarre Roberto , Ruiz-Navarro Jesús J. , Bonifazi Marco , Arellano Raúl , Piacentini Maria Francesca 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The assessment of lactate threshold (LT) and its relationship to open-water (OW) performance is crucial. This study aimed (1) to analyze LT in world-class OW swimmers, (2) to compare swimming speed at LT (SSLT) and 4 mmol·L−1 of blood lactate concentration ([La−]; SS4), and (3) to examine the relationships between SSLT and swimming performance. Methods: Twenty world-class and elite (11 male, 26.4 [3.0] y; 9 female, 25.8 [3.6] y) OW swimmers voluntarily participated. A total of 46 (29 male and 17 female) intermittent incremental tests (7 × 400 m) conducted in a 50-m pool were analyzed. Seasonal best performances on 400-, 800-, and 1500-m and 10-km OW swimming events were obtained. Results: The SSLT was 1.62 (0.02) (3.8 [1.0] mmol·L−1) and 1.46 (0.04) m·s−1 (3.0 [0.7] mmol·L−1) in males and females, respectively, which corresponded to 97% of the peak speed reached in the tests. There were no differences (P = .148) between SSLT and SS4 in males; however, SSLT was lower (P = .019) than SS4 in females. The SSLT was negatively correlated with swimming performance, with the exception of 10-km OW and 400-m times in males and females, respectively. Conclusions: World-class and elite OW swimmers exhibited a greatly developed aerobic capacity with LT close to their maximum speed. The SS4 could be used as an approximation to SSLT in males but overestimates true aerobic capacity in females. LT is a useful tool for assessing performance, as OW swimmers with higher SSLT showed better swimming performance.
Exploring the Rise of Smart Wearables: A Bibliometric Analysis on the Growing Use of Fitness Applications Among Athletes
Authors: Saxena Charu , Singh Manpriya 
Published: January 2025

This study explored the rise of smart wearables as an emerging area of research in the field of fitness applications by athletes and aims to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the intersection of sports, technology, and health. Vos-viewer and R-studio were used to conduct the bibliometric analysis of the data extracted from the Scopus database in the usage of fitness applications by the participants in sports and other physical activities. To gain a holistic view of the current research field, clustering by keywords coupling was used to identify the significant research themes and provide suggestions for future research. The cluster labeled “Smart wearables to access the fitness” is ranked 1 based on highest cluster frequency, centrality, and impact. The findings of thematic analysis of keywords suggest some motor themes, basic themes, niche themes, and emerging themes, as the usage of smart wearables is found to be an emerging theme regarding the increasing utilization of fitness applications by athletes, which suggests the need to integrate fitness applications in physical education to promote fitness in children. The findings also provide valuable insights into trends and advancements in the field of fitness applications, highlighting the potential benefits for athletes, trainers, and researchers alike. As smart wearables continue to evolve, they are expected to play an increasingly integral role in optimizing sport performance and fostering a new era of data-driven training methodologies.
Li-Fraumeni syndrome: a germlineTP53splice variant reveals a novel physiological alternative transcript
Authors: Louis Jeanne , Rolain Marion , Levacher Corentin , Baudry Karen , Pujol Pascal , Ruminy Philippe , Baert Desurmont Stéphanie , Bou Jacqueline , Bouvignies Emilie , Coutant Sophie , Kasper Edwige , Lienard Gwendoline , Vasseur Stéphanie , Vezain Myriam , Houdayer Claude , Charbonnier Françoise , Bougeard Gaëlle 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundLi-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) predisposes individuals to a wide range of cancers from childhood onwards, underscoring the crucial need for accurate interpretation of germlineTP53variants for optimal clinical management of patients and families. Several unclassified variants, particularly those potentially affecting splicing, require specialised testing. One such example is the NM_000546.6:c.1101-2A>C (rs587781664) variant, located at the splice acceptor site of the last intron ofTP53, identified in a female patient with breast cancer diagnosed in her 20s.MethodsTo interpret this variant, which has been classified as a variant of uncertain significance (VUS), we developed specific assays including a p53 functional assay, RT-QMPSF, Splice and Expression Analyses by exon Ligation and High-Throughput Sequencing and long RT-droplet digital PCR.ResultsWe demonstrated a loss of p53 transcriptional activity, and a half reduction in TP53 mRNA expression. Additionally, we detected the use of a novel alternative last exon downstream of exon 11, which we have named exon 12. This transcript, typically detectable at low levels in most individuals, was found to be more highly expressed in the c.1101-2A>C carrier, predominantly transcribed from the mutant allele due to the disruption of the splice acceptor site in intron 10.ConclusionBy combining these approaches, we successfully reclassified this intronic VUS as ‘pathogenic’, enabling appropriate genetic counselling for the patient and her family. Additionally, we identified a novel TP53 alternative transcript that is expressed in both physiological and pathological contexts, with heightened expression in the patient with LFS. This discovery provides a basis for further investigation into the role of TP53 isoforms in LFS oncogenesis.
Genetic parameters and genomic insights for meat colour traits of Canadian crossbred beef cattle
Authors: Virtuoso Marcos Claudio S. , Aalhus Jennifer L. , Juárez Manuel , López-Campos Óscar , Bruce Heather L. , Li Changxi , Basarab John A. , Plastow Graham , Valente Tiago S. 
Published: January 2025

Utilizing genomic tools in breeding programs accelerates genetic progress, particularly for difficult/expensive to measure traits such as meat colour. This study aimed to estimate genetic parameters and identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with meat colour traits in Canadian crossbred beef cattle. Heritability estimates for lightness ( L* ), chroma ( c* ), and hue angle ( Hu) were 0.44, 0.20, and 0.57, respectively. L* and Hu were highly phenotypically (0.86) and genetically (0.98) correlated. The genome-wide association revealed a total of 30, 24, and 25 SNP windows explaining >0.5% additive genetic variance for L*, c*, and Hu, respectively. These SNP windows collectively explained >20% of the genetic variance for the three meat colour traits. The genes GNPDA2, CALCRL, CALM1, KIT, PRKN, and PRKAA2 are the most promising candidates associated with L*, TEX37, ADAMTS9, PRKACB, TTLL7, TFAM, AGT, ACAT2, and PPP1R3C with c*, and MMP2, AKR1B1, AKR1B10, and CYP7A1 with Hu. These candidate genes are mainly involved in energy metabolism pathways, among which the most important are glucose, fatty, and lipid metabolism.