bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA MEMAHAMI MATERI SUMBER ENERGI MELALUI PENERAPAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL)
Authors: Heryanto Cahdi 
Published: April 2023

Prestasi belajar siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri Mekarlaksana dalam materi Sumber Energi ternyata jauh dari yang diharapkan. Dari hasil ulangan harian pada materi tersebut masih rendah, ternyata hanya 6 siswa (28,57%) dari 21 siswa yang dinyatakan lulus, dan 15 siswa lainnya (71,43%) dinyatakan belum lulus KKM sekolah sebesar 70, karena siswa belum bisa memahami peranannya dalam organisasi. Rumusan permasalahan pada penelitian ini adalah kemampuan siswa Kelas IV dalam memahami materi Sumber Energi masih rendah. Dengan demikian : “Bagaimanakah penerapan model pembelajaran Problem- Base Learning (PBL) dapat meningkatkan keterampilan siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri Mekarlaksana semester Ganjil tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 dalam memahami materi Sumber Energi?”. Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri Mekarlaksana semester Ganjil tahun pelajaran 2019/2020 dalam memahami materi Sumber Energi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Problem- Base Learning (PBL). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi Sumber Energi dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran Problem- Base Learning (PBL). Hal ini terbukti dengan adanya peningkatan hasil post test siswa dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2. Hasil post test siswa pada siklus 1 mencapai nilai rata-rata sebesar 69,00 pada kategori cukup dengan prosentase kelulusan 52,52% dan pada siklus 2 meningkat menjadi 83,33 pada kategori baik dengan tingkat prosentase kelulusan 90,48%. Jadi nilai post test siswa mengalami peningkatan sebesar 14,33
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA MEMAHAMI MATERI PERAN SERTA SISWA DALAM ORGANISASI MELALUI PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN JIGSAW
Authors: Adang Adang 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa kelas V SD Negeri Cipancar semester genap tahun pelajaran 2021/2022 dalam memahami materi peran serta siswa dalam organisasi melalui penerapan model pembelajaran jigsaw. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi peran serta siswa dalam organisasi dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran jigsaw. Hal ini terbukti dengan adanya peningkatan hasil post test siswa dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2. Hasil post test siswa pada siklus 1 mencapai nilai rata-rata sebesar 69,69 pada kategori cukup dengan prosentase kelulusan 43,75% dan pada siklus 2 meningkat menjadi 83,75 pada kategori baik dengan tingkat prosentase kelulusan 93,75%. Jadi nilai post test siswa mengalami peningkatan sebesar 14,06.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN SISWA MEMAHAMI SUB TEMA LINGKUNGAN SEKITAR RUMAHKU MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE SCRIPT
Authors: Herawati Enen 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian tindakan kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami sub tema lingkungan sekitar rumahku melalui penerapan Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Script di kelas I SD Negeri Cijengkol semester genap tahun pelajaran 2021/2022. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami sub tema lingkungan sekitar rumahku dapat dilakukan dengan menerapkan Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Script. Hal ini terbukti dengan adanya peningkatan prestasi belajar siswa dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2. Hasil test siklus 1 nilai rata-rata mencapai 68,95 pada kategori cukup dengan prosentase kelulusan 55,00% dan hasil test pada siklus 2 dengan nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 83,13 pada kategori baik dengan tingkat prosentase kelulusan 91,67%. Jadi prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan sebesar 14,16 dari siklus 1 ke siklus 2.
Optimasi Sodium Croscarmellose dan Pati Jagung Pregelatinasi dalam Orally Disintegrating Tablet Setirizin Dihidroklorida
Authors: Irawan Eka Deddy , Sari Lusia Oktora Ruma Kumala , Cahyaningrum Nitta 
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Setirizine dihydrochloride (Setirizine diHCL) adalah antihistamin yang efektif untuk mengobati alergi. Setirizin diHCL tablet adalah bentuk sediaan yang umum di pasaran. Namun, orang yang mengalami alergi akan mengalami gejala kesulitan menelan yang membuatnya sulit untuk mengonsumsi tablet Setirizine diHCl. Oleh karena itu, perlu dibuat Setirizine diHCl dalam bentuk oral disintegrating tablet (ODT) yang dapat larut dalam saliva dalam beberapa detik tanpa mengunyah tablet atau meminum air. Proporsi bahan pengikat dan superdisintegran yang digunakan dalam sediaan ODT harus diperhitungkan karena akan sangat mempengaruhi sifat fisik tablet. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengoptimalkan super disintegran Croscarmelose Sodium dan pengikat pati jagung pregelatinisasi menggunakan metode desain faktorial. Respon yang dipelajari adalah laju alir, kekerasan, kerapuhan, waktu pembasahan, dan waktu hancur. Peningkatan faktor Croscarmelose Sodium mengurangi laju aliran dan kekerasan, meningkatkan kerapuhan, dan mengurangi waktu pembasahan dan disintegrasi. Peningkatan faktor pati jagung pregelatinisasi akan meningkatkan laju alir dan kekerasan, mengurangi kerapuhan dan meningkatkan waktu pembasahan dan waktu hancur. Formula optimum diperoleh dari konsentrasi Croscarmelose Sodium 6,613 mg dan pati jagung pregelatinisasi 20 mg yang menghasilkan respon laju alir 13,438 g/detik, kekerasan 4,646 kg, kerapuhan 0,815%, waktu pembasahan 63,667 detik, dan waktu hancur 18,641 detik.
Profil Penyimpanan Obat LASA (Look Alike Sound Alike) Pada Beberapa Apotek di Kota Medan
Authors: Dasopang Eva Sartika , Utami Adinda , Hasanah Fenny , Siahaan Desy Natalia , Harefa Niken Septriani 
Published: April 2023

Abstrak: Produksi obat di era sekarang cukup pesat sehingga banyak obat memiliki nama dan pengucapannya mirip serta kemasan yang hampir sama dikenal dengan LASA (Look Alike Sound Alike). Banyaknya obat LASA yang beredar dipasaran harus diperhatikan khususnya penyimpanannya. Penyimpanan obat LASA yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan terjadinya kesalahan pemberian obat kepada pasien. Untuk melihat bagaimana penyimpanan obat LASA serta item obat LASA yang ada pada beberapa apotek yang berada di kota Medan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara observasi langsung pada apotek yang dijadikan sampel dengan menggunakan tabel form observasi melalui sistem check list, kemudian dihitung persentase standar penyimpanan LASA berdasarkan standar pelayanan kefarmasian di apotek. Penelitian ini melibatkan 14 apotek yang bersedia terlibat dalam penelitian ini dari banyaknya apotek yang ada di kota Medan, data diambil pada bulan Desember 2021 sampai dengan Maret 2022. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hanya 50% dari 14 apotek yang dijadikan sampel yang menerapkan penyimpanan obat LASA (Look Alike Sound Alike), sedangkan 50% lagi belum menerapkan sistem penyimpanan obat LASA (Look Alike Sound Alike) yang sesuai peraturan perundang-undangan yaitu Permenkes nomor 58 tahun 2014. Penerapan penyimpanan obat LASA menurut Permenkes No. 58 Tahun 2014 masih cukup rendah di kota Medan.
Bubble-type coding metasurfaces for broadband deep subwavelength underwater acoustic manipulations
Authors: Han Ping , Huang Zhan-Dong , Dong Hao-Wen , Zhao Sheng-Dong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We construct a reflective broadband acoustic coding metasurface using bubbles as the unit. The reflected phase difference between the cube bubble unit and the pure water unit is about π over a wide frequency range. The broadband phenomenon could be explained by the reflection theory between the soft water–air interface and the hard water–rigid interface. Its relative bandwidth reaches 187%, close to 200% of the theoretical limit. By reconstructing the 0/1 sequence, we performed numerical simulation on broadband acoustic focusing and diffusing reflection. The research in this work has potential applications in improving the performance of underwater communication and cloaking.
مرحلة ماقبل الكنابة أهميتها للمبتدئ وكيفية التدريب عليها
Authors: حميد محمود كطب  
Published: April 2023

إذا كانت القراءة إحدى نوافذ المعرفة ؛ وأداة من أهم أدوات التثقيف التييقف بها الإنسان على نتائج الفكر البشري؛ فان الكتابة تعد - في الواقع - مفخرةالعقل الإنساني؛ بل إنها أعظم ما أنتجه العقل . (فضل الله 2008: 53) و(مدكورء9 265) و(الخفاف ‎٠‏ 2014 : 196 ) .
تعد الكتابة أعظم اكتشاف توصل إليه الإنسان خلال تاريخه الطويل ©واستطاع به أن يسجل إنتاجه وتراثه ؛ وان يأخذ من الماضي والحاضر ما يهيئالطريق للأجيال اللاحقة . ( الجعافرة . 2011 : 273 ) .
فالكتابة هي ذاكرة الفرد والأمة ؛ وهي سجل لكل جوانب حياته وهي نبع لايفيض لكل المعارف والعلوم ؛ وحياتنا كلها مرتبطة ارتباطا مباشرا أو غير مباشربهذا التوثيق اللغوي ؛ إذ كان التاريخ قبل الكتابة مجرد مجموعة من الظنونالقائمة على الحدس والتخمين الذي لا يقوم على منهج يقيني . ( إسماعيل ث 1991:2 ) 0 والقدرة على الكتابة جانب أساسي من جانب محو أمية المواطن ، وبالتاليفهي جزء أساسي من المواطنة السليمة . ( فضل الله . 2008 : 54 ) .
عناصر الإبداع في شعر الرواد المرأة إنموذجاً
Authors: أ.د. ثائر محمد الدباغ  
Published: April 2023

الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله وأهل بيته الطيبين الطاهرين وصحابته الغر المنتجبين .
بعد:
لم يكن الشعراء الرواد بدعاً في مجال توظيف المرأة عنصراً إبداعي فالشعراء وهم يخطون خطى الخيال في عالم الابداع يبحثون عن عناصر ثيمات فنية يرسمون من خلالها رؤاهم الحالمة ومعاناتهم المعذبة، يحاولون من خلال ذلك كله أن يجدوا لهم عالماً إبداعياً يحنون من خلاله ويحققون ذاتهم، والمرأة وعبر العصور الادبية واحدة من تلك العناصر التي اعتمدها الشعراء انطلاقة نرجسية تنبع في وجدان الشاعر لتجسد طموحاته على ورقة رؤاه فهي الأمل والألم والتضحية والإباء والغد المشرق الذي يضم بين جنبيه عالم الشاعر الذي يسعى إلى تحقيقه، فليست المرأة في النتاج الشعري شهوة عارمة ونزوة سرعان ما تنطفي وحسب، وإنما هي خطى مفعمة بتراكمات رؤى النفس المعذبة وقد حاول هذا البحث المتواضع أن يقف عند المرأة عنصراً إبداعياً عند الشعراء الرواد فكان بعنوان (عناصر الابداع في شعر الرواد المرأة انموذجاً)، والمبحث الاول كان بعنوان (المرأة وميدان الحب في شعر الرواد)، وقد جاء المبحث في ثلاث مطالب، وكان الاول [أبعاد صورة المرأة الحبيبة] والثاني [آلية اللغة في تجسيد صورة المرأة الحبيبة في شعر الرواد] والثالث [التشبيه وأثره في تجسد صورة المرأة الحبيبة في شعر الرواد] وأما المبحث الثاني فكان بعنوان (المرأة وميدان التضحية والنضال في شعر الرواد)، وفيه مطلبان : الأول [المرأة في ميدان التضحية والنضال في شعر الرواد]، والثاني [آليات اللغة في صورة المرأة المناضلة في شعر الرواد]، ثم جاء المبحث الثالث بعنوان (المرأة والمعاناة الاجتماعية في شعر الرواد) فتناول أربع قضايا تجسد معاناة المرأة هي [العار الذي تعثرت به خطى المرأة، والمرأة المستبعدة، والضياع والتشرد، والهرم والشيخوخه]، ثم ختم البحث بخاتمة ، وقائمة المصادر والمراجع.
البُنى السردية في قصيدة الذبابة المسافرة للدكتور الشيخ احمد الوائلي
Authors: م.م حيدر هادي سلمان  
Published: April 2023

الحمد لله خالق الإنسان ، معلمه البيان ، والصلاة والسلام على رسوله العدنان وآله الطيبين الأطهار وعلى صحبه الأخيار ، وبعد :
يدرس هذا البحث البُنى السردية في قصيدة ( الذبابة المسافرة) للدكتور الشيخ أحمد الوائلي، وهي قصيدة نظمها في ذبابة ركبت على كتف الشاعر وهو في طريقه إلى دخول الطائرة في أحد المطارات عند سفره ، وكان كلّما دفعها عادت مرة أخرى حتى نزلت معه على أرض المطار المقصود فأوحت له بهذه القصيدة . ويتناول البحث العناصر السردية المؤلفة لهذه القصيدة وهي : سرد الأحداث ، والشخصيات ،والبيئة ،والحوار ، والفكرة . و يحاول الباحث أن يلقي الأضواء على البناء الرمزي في هذه القصيدة من رمزية الشخصيات ، ورمزية عنوان القصيدة ، ثم لغتها وأسلوبها .
Patients' Health Related Quality Of Life After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention In Baghdad City.
Authors: Mousa Ayad Majid , Hassan Huda Baqer 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The study aims to assess the patients' health related quality of life and find out the association between the gender, age, marital status, educational level, employment, body mass index, severity of disease vessels, and number of implanted stents with health related quality of life.
Methodology: descriptive study design is starting in October / 2nd. /2012 to the 30th/ July/ 2013 was carried out at Iraqi center for heart diseases, Ibn Al-Nafees for cardiac surgery hospital and Ibn- Al-Betar specialist center for cardiac surgery in Baghdad City. purposive (non probability) sample consist of 100 patients collected through interview method by using questionnaires composed of two parts, first part composed of demographic and medical history data and second part includes short form 12 item health survey scale to measure health related quality of life. Reliability of the questionnaires was determine by calculating Cronbach s' Coefficient alpha = .882. Descriptive data analysis was done through frequency, percentage mean, standard deviation and relative sufficiency and inferential data analysis was done by contingency coefficient.
Results: The results of the present study revealed that the patients have low level in quality of life for the general health and vitality domains, moderate level in quality of life for physical function, bodily pain and mental health domains, and high level in quality of life for role physical, role emotional and social health domains after percutaneous coronary intervention, and the findings revealed there were significant association between age and physical function and role physical; marital status and general health, bodily pain and vitality; level of education and general health at P-0.05 value.
Recommendations: According to present findings the researcher recommends to prepare educational program related to quality of life domains for patients after PCI .
Methode für Analyse, Entwurf und Umrüstung von Maschinen/Methodology for analysis, design and retrofitting of machines operating in an industrial DC network
Authors: Hölderle Dietmar , Knapp Jonas , Sauer Alexander 
Published: April 2023

Ein essenzieller Baustein der Energiewende ist die Steigerung der Energieeffizienz. Vor allem im industriellen Kontext gilt es, vorhandene Energiesparpotenziale zu heben. Gleichstrommikronetze (DC-MG) können dazu einen nennenswerten Beitrag leisten. Um diese Netzform in Fabriken zu etablieren, ist die Umrüstung von Maschinen und Anlagen, die überwiegend auf Drehstrom basieren, notwendig. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine Methode, die bei der Analyse, dem Planungsprozess und dem Umbau von Wechselstrommaschinen auf Gleichstromnetze systematisch unterstützen soll.

Increasing energy efficiency is an essential component of energy transition. In industry, it is particularly important to leverage existing energy-saving potential. To achieve this, DC microgrids can make a significant contribution. For establishing this network type in factories, it is necessary to convert machines and systems that are predominantly based on three-phase current. This paper describes a method to systematically support the analysis, planning process and conversion of AC machines to DC networks.
Facial emotion recognition in adolescent depression: The role of childhood traumas, emotion regulation difficulties, alexithymia and empathy
Authors: Gul Hesna , Torun Yasemin Tas , Cakmak Fatma Hulya , Gul Ahmet 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Facial emotion recognition (FER) is crucial for effective social competency, and problems in this skill are linked depression during adolescence. In this study, we aimed to find the rates of FER accuracy for negative (fearful, sad, angry, disgusted), positive (happy, surprised), and neutral emotions, and the possible predictors of FER skill for most confusing emotions.

Subjects and Methods:
A total of 67 drug-naive adolescents with depression (11 boys, 56 girls; 11–17 years) were recruited for the study. The facial emotion recognition test, childhood trauma questionnaire and basic empathy, difficulty of emotion regulation, and Toronto alexithymia scales were used.

Results:
The analysis demonstrated that adolescents have more difficulties in recognizing negative emotions when compared the positive ones. The most confusing emotion is fear (39.8% of fear was recognized as surprise). Boys have lower fear recognition skill than girls and higher childhood emotional abuse, physical abuse, emotional neglect, and difficulty in describing feelings to predict lower fear recognition skill. For sadness recognition skill, emotional neglect, difficulty in describing feelings, and depression severity were the negative predictors. Emotional empathy has a positive effect on disgust recognition skill.

Conclusion:
Our findings demonstrated that impairment of FER skill for negative emotions is associated with childhood traumas, emotion regulation difficulties, alexithymia, and empathy symptoms in adolescent depression.
A prospective hospital-based study on C-reactive protein as a response predictor of antidepressant treatment in drug naïve patients with major depressive disorder
Authors: Khonglah Didakamiwan , Pal Arghya , Mallik Nitu , Ray Debes , Ghosal Malay , Acharya Rudraprasad 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute phase reactant that is implicated in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD), due to its role in the execution of various important neurological events, including neurogenesis, mediation of neural plasticity, and synaptic transmission.

Aims:
This study was conducted to determine the relationship between the level of CRP to remission rates after antidepressant therapy.

Methods:
Fifty patients of first episode MDD with no past history of antidepressant exposure and other medical comorbidity were recruited after obtaining consent for Escitalopram therapy. The CRP levels of the patients were evaluated on the day of recruitment and depressive symptoms were monitored using Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale at weeks 0, 3, 6, and 12. The patients with low (≤10 mg/l) and high (>10 mg/l) CRP levels were compared for time taken to achieve remission using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.

Results:
The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed a significantly higher proportion of patients with low CRP levels attained remission than patients with higher CRP levels (Log-rank = 7.594; dF = 1; P = 0.006). The age, compliance to pharmacotherapy, and disability did not significantly affect the remission rates of the patients.

Conclusion:
Our study confirms that higher levels of CRP can lead to poorer remission rates in patients with MDD after antidepressant therapy and can predict treatment resistance.
Oral versus long-acting injectable antipsychotic in first episode schizophrenia: A 12 weeks interventional study
Authors: Kaur Ramandeep , Sidana Ajeet , Malhotra Nidhi , Tyagi Shikha 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTBackground:There is underutilization of long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics for first-episode schizophrenia (FES) despite having convenient dosing and treatment retention. LAIs are predominantly used for patients with poor compliance, chronic course, and multiple relapses.Materials and Methods:Seventy-two treatment naïve patients with the first episode of Schizophrenia (DSM-5) were assessed for baseline severity of psychopathology using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and quality of life (QOL) using the WHOQOL-BREF scale. Patients were randomized to receive either oral haloperidol or LAI haloperidol for a period of 12 weeks.Results:Both the groups had a significant reduction in PANSS scores and improvement in QoL over 12 weeks period (P= 0.0001). The LAI group showed greater adherence and significantly better quality of life than the oral group (P= 0.023). The mean numbers of side effects were less in the LAI group at week 2 as compared to the oral group.Conclusion:LAI haloperidol is similar to oral haloperidol in patients with FES with respect to treatment response and offers benefits in form of a lesser number of side effects during early treatment, overall better adherence rates, and better QOL.
What covariates drive medical students to the brink of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt? A double-centric cross-sectional study in a resource-constrained rural setting in North India
Authors: Garg Sunny , Kharb Aakanksha , Bansal Kirti 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Medical students face great stress and put their mental health at risk to become an individual contributing to society, and impulsively attempt suicide. Little is known in the Indian context, so additional knowledge on the magnitude and covariates is required.

Aims:
This study aims to evaluate the magnitude and covariates of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempts among medical students.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted in two medical colleges located in rural Northern India and enrolled 940 medical students for a period of two months from February to March 2022. A convenience sampling method was executed to collect the data. The research protocol incorporates a self-administered questionnaire regarding sociodemographic and personal domains, as well as standardized tools to assess psychopathological domains such as depression, anxiety, stress, and stressors. The Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R) scale was used to measure the outcomes. Stepwise backward logistic regression (LR) analysis was used to determine the covariates associated with suicidal ideation, plan, and attempts.

Results:
A sample of 787 participants (87.1% response rate) were finally enrolled in the survey, with a mean age of 21.08 (±2.78) years. Around 293 (37.2%) of respondents had suicidal ideation, 86 (10.9%) claimed planning suicide, and 26 (3.3%) mentioned attempting suicide in their lifetime as well as 7.4% of participants assessed the risk of suicidal behavior in the future. The identified covariates poor sleep, family history of psychiatric illness, never seeking psychiatric aid, regret for choosing the field of medicine, bullying, depressive symptoms, high stress, emotion-focused coping, and avoidant coping, were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of lifetime suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt.

Conclusion:
A high frequency of suicidal thoughts and attempts, indicates the need of addressing these concerns promptly. The incorporation of mindfulness techniques, resilience, faculty mentorship programs, and proactive student counseling may help foster the mental health of the students.
Continuing professional development proposed guidelines of national medical commission, India – A critique
Authors: Gowda Guru S. , Gowda Mahesh , Raju Nadukuru N. , Math Suresh Bada 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The National Medical Commission ‘Ethics and Medical Registration Board’ (EMRB) proposed ‘The registered Medical Practioner (Professional Conduct) Regulations’ 2022 on 23.05.2022 for public opinion. One of the major regulations included Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Guidelines in Chapter 2, Section 5. The main objective of the CPD Guidelines is to upgrade knowledge and skills regularly and ensure compliance with existing guidelines by the Registered Medical Practitioner (RMP) under NMC. The drafted CPD guidelines provide a framework for uniform, clear, and structured CPD modules for both in-person conferences and online webinars as well as accreditation. The proposed CPD guideline will ensure adequate up-gradation of knowledge, along with the improved quality of the content of CPD. This article aims to map the trajectory of CPD on its roads from origin to becoming a reality in the Indian scenario as well as identify the challenges and opportunities in implementing CPD in India.