bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure and proteomic analysis of the crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster sp.) radial nerve cord
Authors: Smith Meaghan K. , Rotgans Bronwyn A. , Lang Tomas , Johnston Ryan , Wang Tianfang , Suwansa-ard Saowaros , Bose Utpal , Satoh Nori , Egertova Michaela , Hall Michael R. , Byrne Maria , Elphick Maurice R. , Motti Cherie A. , Cummins Scott F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe nervous system of the Asteroidea (starfish or seastar) consists of radial nerve cords (RNCs) that interconnect with a ring nerve. Despite its relative simplicity, it facilitates the movement of multiple arms and numerous tube feet, as well as regeneration of damaged limbs. Here, we investigated the RNC ultrastructure and its molecular components within the of Pacific crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS; Acanthaster sp.), a well-known coral predator that in high-density outbreaks has major ecological impacts on coral reefs. We describe the presence of an array of unique small bulbous bulbs (40–100 μm diameter) that project from the ectoneural region of the adult RNC. Each comprise large secretory-like cells and prominent cilia. In contrast, juvenile COTS and its congener Acanthaster brevispinus lack these features, both of which are non-corallivorous. Proteomic analysis of the RNC (and isolated neural bulbs) provides the first comprehensive echinoderm protein database for neural tissue, including numerous secreted proteins associated with signalling, transport and defence. The neural bulbs contained several neuropeptides (e.g., bombyxin-type, starfish myorelaxant peptide, secretogranin 7B2-like, Ap15a-like, and ApNp35) and Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumor 1-like proteins. In summary, this study provides a new insight into the novel traits of COTS, a major pest on coral reefs, and a proteomics resource that can be used to develop (bio)control strategies and understand molecular mechanisms of regeneration.
Characterization and functional analyses of wheat TaPR1 genes in response to stripe rust fungal infection
Authors: Liu Rong , Lu Jing , Xing Jiayi , Xue Lv , Wu Yu , Zhang Lei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe pathogenesis-related protein-1 (PR1) gene is important for plants to respond to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Unlike those in model plants, PR1 genes in wheat have not been systematically studied. Herein, we identified 86 potential TaPR1 wheat genes using bioinformatics tools and RNA sequencing. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis indicated that the TaPR1 genes were involved in the salicylic acid signalling pathway, MAPK signalling pathway, and phenylalanine metabolism in response to Pst-CYR34 infection. Ten of the TaPR1 genes were structurally characterized and validated by RT‒PCR. One particular gene, TaPR1-7, was found to be associated with resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst) in a biparental wheat population. Virus-induced gene silencing showed that TaPR1-7 is important for Pst resistance in wheat. This study provides the first comprehensive study on wheat PR1 genes, improving our overall understanding of these genes in plant defenses, particularly against stripe rust.
Changes in task performance and frontal cortex activation within and over sessions during the n-back task
Authors: Yeung Michael K. , Han Yvonne M. Y. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe n-back task is a popular paradigm for studying neurocognitive processing at varying working memory loads. Although much is known about the effects of load on behavior and neural activation during n-back performance, the temporal dynamics of such effects remain unclear. Here, we investigated the within- and between-session stability and consistency of task performance and frontal cortical activation during the n-back task using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Forty healthy young adults performed the 1-back and 3-back conditions three times per condition. They then undertook identical retest sessions 3 weeks later (M = 21.2 days, SD = 0.9). Over the course of the task, activation in the participants’ frontopolar, dorsomedial, dorsolateral, ventrolateral, and posterolateral frontal cortices was measured with fNIRS. We found significantly improved working memory performance (difference between 1-back and 3-back accuracies) over time both within and between sessions. All accuracy and reaction time measures exhibited good to excellent consistency within and across sessions. Additionally, changes in frontal oxyhemoglobin (HbO) and deoxyhemoglobin (HbR) concentration were maintained over time across timescales, except that load-dependent (3-back > 1-back) HbO changes, particularly in the ventrolateral PFC, diminished over separate sessions. The consistency of fNIRS measures varied greatly, with changes in 3-back dorsolateral and ventrolateral HbO demonstrating fair-to-good consistency both within and between sessions. Overall, this study clarified the temporal dynamics of task performance and frontal activation during the n-back task. The findings revealed the neural mechanisms underlying the change in n-back task performance over time and have practical implications for future n-back research.
Part II model support on a new mechanism for North Pacific Oscillation influence on ENSO
Authors: Zhao Jiuwei , Sung Mi-Kyung , Park Jae-Heung , Luo Jing-Jia , Kug Jong-Seong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOwing to the significant influence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on global climate, how ENSO events are initiated is an intriguing issue. The North Pacific Oscillation (NPO), a primary atmospheric variability over the midlatitude, is a well-known trigger for ENSO events, but the physical linkage is not yet fully understood. Based on observational analyses, in Part I, we proposed a new mechanism that the NPO-related wave activity flux (WAF) could directly induce the equatorial wind anomalies in both upper and lower levels. In this study, we substantiate the impacts of the WAF on tropical circulations using climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phases 5 and 6 (CMIP5/6). We found that the intensity of the southward WAF over the central Pacific is a paramount factor resulting in intermodel diversity in simulating the NPO–ENSO linkage. By classifying the models into two groups of strong and weak meridional WAF (MWAF), we reveal that the strong MWAF models simulate stronger upper- and lower-level equatorial winds and precipitation anomalies that facilitate the ENSO in subsequent winter. We also reveal that the magnitude of the MWAF is closely related to the model’s climatological meridional wind and meridional shear of climatological zonal wind, emphasizing the role of systematic bias on the ENSO simulation. A comparison of the MWAF impact and seasonal footprinting mechanism demonstrates the dominant influence of the MWAF in determining the diversity of NPO–ENSO relationships.
Clarifying the local microenvironment of metal–organic frameworks and their derivatives for electrochemical CO2 reduction: advances and perspectives
Authors: Aslam Muhammad Kashif , Yang Kang , Chen Sheng , Li Qiang , Duan Jingjing 
Published: February 2023

Electrochemical CO2 reduction has been widely explored since 1970's, which could alleviate the current environmental and energy crisis caused by excessive CO2. Various strategies have been developed, including engineering and optimization of electrolytic cells and catalysts.
Experimental study on bumps formation textured by nanosecond laser on Ti6Al4V alloy
Authors: Liu Zhifang , Niu Tong , Lei Yaxi , Luo Yuanxin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe surface properties of biomaterials are the key factors for the success of artificial implants in the body. The creation of patterns on titanium alloys by laser surface texturing techniques can modify the surface to make it multifunctional. The evolution of the surface morphology of Ti6Al4V alloy textured by a nanosecond laser with 1064 nm wavelength in the air is studied. Laser surface texturing treatment is performed on the titanium alloy through different pulse numbers, power, pulse width and scan times to obtain different morphologies. The 2D cross‐section profile shows that the morphology can be divided into three types in the evolution process of various pulse numbers, powers and pulse widths: bump‐shaped, hump‐shaped and crater‐shaped. It is found that the effect of pulse width on morphology mainly depends on power. The effects of laser parameters on the height of bumps and the evolution of morphology are the main research points to analyse the topography evolution. The causes of bumps are also analysed. Energy dispersive spectrometer measures the area irradiated by the laser, and it is found that the oxygen content of the bump is up to 43.1%, which can speculate that the bump is the result of the oxidation reaction.
FARNet: Fragmented affinity reasoning network of text instances for arbitrary shape text detection
Authors: Chen Honghui , Chen Pingping , Qiu Yuhang , Ling Nam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractArbitrary shape text detection is a challenging task in scene text recognition. Driven by deep learning and large‐scale data sets, the detection method based on connected component (CC) has increasingly gained popularity. However, there are still problems of unclear separation of text instances and incorrect component links. Thus, in this paper, the authors propose a novel component connection method, that is, Fragmented Affinity Reasoning Network of Text Instances (FARNet), for arbitrary shape text detection. The network consists of a Weighted Feature Fusion Pyramid Network (WFFPN), Text Fragments Subgraph (TFS), and Dense Graph Attention Network (DGAT), which can be trained end‐to‐end. The WFFPN is used to generate text fragments, TFS and DGAT jointly construct an affinity reasoning network. Since the neighbouring boundaries between text instances may blend them into a single instance, the core idea is to use the WFFPN to divide the text instance into a series of rectangular fragments, the affinity reasoning network infers the affinity between fragments and then links them to rebuild text instances. Extensive experiments on seven challenging datasets (ICDAR2015, MSRA‐TD500, Totaltext, CTW‐1500, ICDAR 2019MLT, ICDAR2019 ArT, and DAST‐1500) demonstrate that the proposed text detector achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance in both on polygon datasets and quadrilateral datasets. The code is available at https://github.com/giganticpower/FARNet.
Modelling and comparing two modes of sharing parking spots at residential area: Real‐time and fixed‐time allocation
Authors: Yang Yang , Yang Bo , Yuan Zhenzhou , Meng Ran , Wang Yunpeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis research aims to improve the utilization efficiency of parking facilities in residential areas. The real‐time and fixed‐time shared parking spot allocation models based on a time window constraint are proposed, respectively. The real‐time model adopts the dynamic response service mechanism, introducing a multi‐objective decision weighting method to construct the weighted evaluation function. Then, the 0–1 planning model with user optimization is established, utilizing branch‐bound algorithm for a solution. The fixed‐time model adopts the periodic service mechanism, where a rejection penalty factor is introduced to add penalty cost. Then, the 0–1 programming model with system optimization is constructed, where genetic annealing algorithm solves the large‐scale calculation problem. The results from this case study illustrate the fixed‐time allocation mode has more balanced utilization of parking facilities, whereas over‐utilization of preferred parking lots occurs in the real‐time model; additionally, when supply and demand are in balance, the fixed‐time model can obtain higher system revenues, reduce effective rejection rate by 9.43%, and increase resource utilization efficiency by 5.28%. In conclusion, the real‐time allocation mode reflects the advantage of a user's optimal allocation mode when supply is greater than demand; conversely, the fixed‐time allocation mode has the advantage of optimum system resources utilization efficiency.
Consistency of Type IIP supernova sibling distances
Authors: Csörnyei G. , Vogl C. , Taubenberger S. , Flörs A. , Blondin S. , Cudmani M. G. , Holas A. , Kressierer S. , Leibundgut B. , Hillebrandt W. 
Published: February 2023

Context. Type II supernovae offer a direct way of estimating distances via the expanding photosphere method, which is independent of the cosmic distance ladder. A Gaussian process-based method was recently introduced, allowing for a fast and precise modelling of spectral time series and placing accurate and computationally cheap Type II-based absolute distance determinations within reach.
Aims. The goal of this work is to assess the internal consistency of this new modelling technique coupled with the distance estimation in an empirical way, using the spectral time series of supernova siblings, that is, supernovae that exploded in the same host galaxy.
Methods. We used a recently developed spectral emulator code, trained on TARDIS radiative transfer models that is capable of a fast maximum-likelihood parameter estimation and spectral fitting. After calculating the relevant physical parameters of supernovae, we applied the expanding photosphere method to estimate their distances. Finally, we tested the consistency of the obtained values by applying the formalism of Bayes factors.
Results. The distances to four different host galaxies were estimated based on two supernovae in each. The distance estimates are not only consistent within the errors for each of the supernova sibling pairs, but in the case of two hosts, they are precise to better than 5%. The analysis also showed that the main limiting factor of this estimation is the number and quality of spectra available for the individual objects, rather than the physical differences of the siblings.
Conclusions. Even though the literature data we used was not tailored to the requirements of our analysis, the agreement of the final estimates shows that the method is robust and is capable of inferring both precise and consistent distances. By using high-quality spectral time series, this method can provide precise distance estimates independent of the distance ladder, which are of high value for cosmology.
Vitivinicultura patrimonial frente al cambio climático, desafíos y oportunidades
Authors: Reyes Marisol , Salazar-Parra Carolina 
Published: February 2023

La vitivinicultura tradicional de secano en Chile se basa principalmente en la variedad País, siendo posible encontrar viñedos centenarios en diversas zonas. Si bien en los inicios de la viticultura nacional esta variedad fue la predominante, en la actualidad se encuentra relegada a los sectores de secano, es cultivada casi exclusivamente por pequeños productores y se destina en su mayoría a la elaboración de vinos a granel, obteniéndose bajos precios tanto por su uva como por su vino.
El análisis de datos climáticos, en las zonas de producción de la variedad País, muestran que, en las últimas seis décadas, la precipitación ha disminuido en más de un 20%, se han incrementado los días con temperaturas sobre 30 y 35°C y se han intensificado las heladas primaverales. Al evaluar el efecto del alza de temperatura, mediante la utilización de un sistema de estructuras de policarbonato que permiten un calentamiento pasivo, se observaron los efectos sobre el crecimiento de brotes y bayas, la fisiología de la planta y la calidad de uvas. En general los efectos observados frente a un alza de temperatura son menos severos que en otras variedades. Aunque esto puede explicarse desde distintas miradas, se reafirma la rusticidad y aptitud de esta variedad para las condiciones de secano.
Fabriquer une élite athlétique : le pouvoir socialisateur des objets de consécration sportive
Authors: Forté Lucie 
Published: February 2023

Cet article traite de la fabrique des élites sportives et de la construction des vocations dans le milieu de l’athlétisme. En s’intéressant aux survêtements de l’équipe de France, coupes et médailles, il tend à analyser le rôle socialisateur de ces objets chargés de sens et de valeurs. Fondé sur un travail d’enquête qualitative à base d’entretiens et d’observations ethnographiques, il présente les logiques sociales à l’œuvre dans la formation des athlètes de haut niveau. Il vise à interroger les effets des interactions et des socialisations produites par et autour de ces objets de consécration sportive et permet d’insister sur la manière dont ces derniers participent à la fabrique du champion : en contribuant à l’incorporation de schèmes de perception qui nourrissent la croyance en la valeur du sport de haut niveau et les vertus d’un engagement corps et âme, en favorisant le développement d’un rapport enchanté à la carrière sportive ou en prolongeant les effets des rites d’institution destinés à marquer symboliquement les élus de ce « monde à part », leurs usages – à l’intérieur et à l’extérieur de la sphère sportive – participent au travail d’inculcation et de renforcement des vocations sportives
Umweltbewusstsein in der Endoskopie – ist weniger mehr und
hat nachhaltige Endoskopie Einfluss auf die Indikationsstellung?
Authors: Schmitt Sabine , Eickhoff Axel 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungMedizin im Klimawandel – ein beherrschendes Thema in den letzten 3
Jahren, nicht nur wegen der direkten medizinischen Folgen auf
Krankheitsgeschehen und Gesundheitserhaltung, sondern insbesondere auch wegen
der ökologischen und ökonomischen Konsequenzen. Auch in
stationären und ambulanten Versorgungsstrukturen nimmt dies inzwischen
einen breiten Raum ein. Der deutsche Ärztetag hat sich im November 2021
dem Ziel der Klimaneutralität bis zum Jahr 2030 verschrieben. Ein
überaus ambitioniertes Ziel, ist der Gesundheitssektor doch für
5,6% aller deutschlandweiten CO2-Emissionen verantwortlich,
insbesondere durch den hohen Energieverbrauch und den anfallenden Müll
von 6 kg/Tag pro Patient. Dabei sind heute die
Endoskopie-Abteilungen neben OP und Intensivstationen die
drittgrößten Müllverursacher in den Kliniken. Den
größten Einfluss und das höchste Potential zu mehr
Nachhaltigkeit und Ressourcenschonung in der Endoskopie ist jedoch eine
strengere Indikationsstellung mit Vermeidung überflüssiger
Endoskopien und Zweituntersuchungen. Dies macht circa 25% aller
endoskopischen Leistungen aus, die durch eine „choose
wisely“-Strategie sofort vermeidbar wären und damit unmittelbar
zu einer signifikanten Reduktion des CO2-Ausstoßes und
besserer Klimabilanz führen würde. Die ESGE (European Society of
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy) proklamiert in ihrem aktuellen Positionspapier die
strikte Befolgung evidenzbasierter Leitlinienempfehlungen zur Indikation mit
Supervision und Auditierung durch Fachgesellschaften und
Sozialversicherungsträger. Die Einführung eines
Bonus-Malus-Prinzips kann diesen sinnvollen Prozess beschleunigen.
How to Treat Type B Aortic Dissections in the Presence of an Aberrant Right Subclavian Artery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lombardi Francesco , Mamopoulos Apostolos , Benedik Jaroslav , Katoh Marcus , Kröger Knut , Gäbel Gabor 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is the most common congenital variant of the aortic arch. Usually, this variation is largely asymptomatic, but sometimes it may be involved in aortic dissection (AD). Surgical management of this condition is challenging. The therapeutic options have been enriched in recent decades by establishing individualized endovascular or hybrid procedures. Whether these less invasive approaches bear advantages, and how they have changed the treatment of this rare pathology, is still unclear. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review. We performed a review of literature from the past 20 years (from January 2000 until February 2021) complying with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. All reported patients treated for Type B AD in the presence of an ARSA were identified and classified into three groups according to the received therapy (open, hybrid, and total endovascular). Patient characteristics, as well as in-hospital mortality, and major and minor complications were determined and statistically analyzed. We identified 32 relevant publications comprising 85 patients. Open arch repair has been offered to younger patients, but significantly less often in symptomatic patients needing urgent repair. Therefore, the maximum aortic diameter was also significantly larger in the open repair group compared with that in the hybrid or total endovascular repair group. Regarding the endpoints, we did not find significant differences. The literature review revealed that open surgical therapies are preferred in patients presenting with chronic dissections and larger aortic diameters, most likely because they are unsuitable for endovascular aortic repair. Hybrid and total endovascular approaches are more often applied in emergency situations, where aortic diameters remain smaller. All therapies demonstrated good, early, and midterm outcomes. But, these therapies carry potential risks in the long term. Therefore, long-term follow-up data are urgently needed to validate that these therapies are sustainable.
Aortic Root Surgery in Adults: An Unsolved Problem
Authors: Brega Carlotta , Albertini Alberto 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNowadays, despite the rapid advancements in interventional cardiology, open surgery still deals with aortic root diseases, to assure the best “ad hoc” treatment. In case of middle-aged adult patients, the optimal operation still represents a matter of debate. A review of the last 10-year literature was conducted, focusing on patients below 65 to 70 years of age. Because of the small sample and the heterogeneity of the papers, no metanalysis was possible. Bentall–de Bono procedure, valve sparing, and Ross operations are the surgical options currently available. The main issues in the Bentall – de Bono operation are lifelong anticoagulation therapy and cavitation in case of mechanical prosthesis implantation and structural valve degeneration in case of biological Bentall. As transcatheter procedures are currently performed as valve in valve, biological prosthesis may be preferable, if the diameter may prevent postoperative high gradients. Conservative techniques, such as remodeling and reimplantation, preferred in the young, guarantee physiologic aortic root dynamics and impose surgical analysis of the aortic root structures to get a durable result. The Ross operation, which shows excellent performance, involves autologous pulmonary valve implantation and is performed only in experienced and high-volume centers. Due to its technical difficulty, it requires a steep learning curve and presents some limitations in specific aortic valve diseases. All three have advantages and downsides, and no ideal solution has still been reported.
Refined theoretical values of field and mass isotope shifts in thallium to extract charge radii of Tl isotopes
Authors: Penyazkov Gleb , Prosnyak Sergey D. , Barzakh Anatoly E. , Skripnikov Leonid V. 
Published: February 2023

Electronic factors for the field and mass isotope shifts in the 6p 2P3/2 → 7s 2S1/2 (535 nm), 6p 2P1/2 → 6d 2D3/2 (277 nm), and 6p 2P1/2 → 7s 2S1/2 (378 nm) transitions in neutral thallium were calculated within the high-order relativistic coupled cluster approach. These factors were used to reinterpret previous experimental isotope shift measurements in terms of charge radii of a wide range of Tl isotopes. Good agreement between theoretical and experimental King-plot parameters was found for the 6p 2P3/2 → 7s 2S1/2 and 6p 2P1/2 → 6d 2D3/2 transitions. It was shown that the value of the specific mass shift factor for the 6p 2P3/2 → 7s 2S1/2 transition is not negligible compared with the value of normal mass shift in contrast to what had been suggested previously. Theoretical uncertainties in the mean square charge radii were estimated. They were substantially reduced compared with the previously ascribed ones and amounted to less than 2.6%. The achieved accuracy paves the way for a more reliable comparison of the charge radii trends in the lead region.