bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A workflow combining Kirchhoff single‐stack redatuming and common‐reflection surface‐based enhancement for depth imaging: A case study
Authors: Garabito German , Gonçalves Bruno F. , Caldeira João L. , Shahsavani Hashem 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSeismic datasets acquired in onshore basins typically present a great challenge for seismic depth imaging due to the poor quality of the prestack data caused by inherent acquisition difficulties and, in particular, the distortion of the seismic signal caused by topography and heterogeneity of the weathering zone. In this seismic data, the standard static correction does not give satisfactory results in depth imaging. Wave‐equation‐based redatuming is an alternative solution to this problem, as it correctly moves the data measured on the terrain surface to a new flat datum. But most redatuming techniques require knowledge of an accurate near‐surface velocity model. A new workflow for depth imaging of land data is proposed by combining Kirchhoff single‐stack redatuming and prestack data enhancement by common‐reflection surface stack method. A major advantage of this redatuming method is that it only requires a good approximation of the near‐surface velocity model to properly remove distortions in the seismic signal caused by the rugged topography and weathering zone. A new algorithm is introduced to apply Kirchhoff single‐stack redatuming to multi‐coverage land seismic data. Common‐reflection surface‐based prestack data enhancement is applied after redatuming to attenuate radon noise and enhance coherent event. The proposed workflow has been successfully applied to land seismic data from the Parnaíba Basin in northeastern Brazil, transforming surface‐referenced prestack data to a new flat datum. By applying common‐reflection surface‐based enhancement to the redatumed prestack data, a significant improvement in signal‐to‐noise ratio and enhancement of reflections was achieved. The depth‐migrated image confirms the great improvement in quality, where the reflectors show strong enhancement and better continuity throughout the section, compared to the migrated image obtained from the only redatumed data. This improvement in quality was important for the interpretation of the main reflectors of the geological formations.
Optimising Luteinising Hormone Levels on Trigger Day for Improved Ovarian Response and Pregnancy Outcomes in Gonadotropin‐Releasing Hormone Antagonist Protocols: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xu Zijin , Lin Qiwang , Liang Zhu , Li Sichen , Wu Yixuan , Fu Yang , Liu Jianqiao , Liu Haiying 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo determine the optimal luteinising hormone (LH) level on the trigger day and its impact on pregnancy outcomes in gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocols using a data‐driven approach.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingThird Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.PopulationOverall, 6107 in vitro fertilisation/intra‐cytoplasmic sperm injection fresh embryo transfer cycles with GnRH‐antagonist protocols were performed between January 1, 2018 and February 1, 2023.MethodsRestricted cubic spline analysis and segmented regression identified the optimal LH threshold. Patients were categorised into low (≤ 1.6 IU/L) and high (> 1.6 IU/L) LH groups. Propensity score matching (PSM) and multivariable logistic regression were applied to adjust for confounding factors.Main Outcome MeasuresLive birth rate per embryo transfer cycle.ResultsThe high LH group showed significantly higher live birth rates (42.9% vs. 36.9%, adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.468; 95% CI: 1.220–1.766, p < 0.001), ongoing pregnancy rates (51.4% vs. 43.6%, aOR: 1.498; 95% CI: 1.338–1.678, p < 0.001), clinical pregnancy rates (52.4% vs. 45.6%, aOR: 1.439; 95% CI: 1.285–1.611, p < 0.001) and biochemical pregnancy rates compared with the low LH group, despite retrieving fewer oocytes (median 10 vs. 12, p < 0.001). These results remained consistent after PSM and multivariable logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsHigher LH levels on the trigger day are associated with improved pregnancy outcomes in GnRH‐antagonist protocols. Maintaining an optimal LH range is crucial for balancing oocyte yield and assisted reproductive technology success, highlighting the importance of individualised ovarian stimulation protocols.
Weakened Airway Epithelial Junctions and Enhanced Neutrophil Elastase Release Contribute to Age‐Dependent Bacteremia Risk Following Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Authors: Xu Shuying , Zhu Tianmou , Mou Hongmei , Tan Shumin , Leong John M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTStreptococcus pneumoniae (Sp; pneumococcus), the most common agent of community‐acquired pneumonia, can spread systemically, particularly in the elderly, highlighting the need for adjunctive therapies. The airway epithelial barrier defends against bacteremia and is dependent upon apical junctional complex (AJC) proteins such as E‐cadherin. After mouse lung challenge, pneumolysin (PLY), a key Sp virulence factor, stimulates epithelial secretion of an inflammatory eicosanoid, triggering the infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) that secrete high levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), thus promoting epithelial damage and systemic infection. Here, pulmonary E‐cadherin staining of intratracheally (i.t.) inoculated mice revealed PLY‐mediated disruption of AJC independently of PMNs. Apical infection of air–liquid interface (ALI) respiratory epithelial monolayers similarly showed that PLY disrupts AJCs. This epithelial damage promoted PMN transmigration and bacterial apical‐to‐basolateral translocation, and pharmacologically fortifying epithelial barrier function diminished both barrier breach in vitro and bacteremia in vivo. E‐cadherin staining after Sp i.t. inoculation of > 20‐month‐old mice, or apical infection of ALI monolayers derived from these mice, revealed an age‐associated vulnerability to PLY‐mediated AJC disruption, which in turn enhanced PMN migration and bacteremia. In addition, we found that PMNs from aged mice secrete increased levels of tissue‐damaging NE. Simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of tissue‐destructive NE and fortification of pulmonary epithelial barrier function was required to reduce the level of Sp bacteremia in aged mice to that of young mice. This work underscores the importance of fully characterizing the multifactorial sources of age‐associated susceptibility in devising adjunctive therapies to mitigate invasive pneumococcal disease in the elderly.
Clinical decision instruments for predicting mortality in patients with cirrhosis seeking emergency department care
Authors: Parvataneni Swetha , Haugh Michelle , Sarkis Yara , Baker Brittany , Nephew Lauren D. , Ghabril Marwan S. , Vuppalanchi Raj , Orman Eric S. , Chalasani Naga P. , Desai Archita P. , Harrison Nicholas Eric 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveClinical decision instruments (CDIs) could be useful to aid risk stratification and disposition of emergency department (ED) patients with cirrhosis. Our primary objective was to derive and internally validate a novel Cirrhosis Risk Instrument for Stratifying Post‐Emergency department mortality (CRISPE) for the outcomes of 14‐ and 30‐day post‐ED mortality. Secondarily, we externally validated the existing Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores for explicit use in ED patients and prediction of the same outcomes.MethodsA cohort of 2093 adults with cirrhosis, at 16 sites in a statewide health system, was analyzed for 119 candidate variables available at ED disposition. LASSO with 10‐fold cross‐validation was used in variable selection for 14‐day (CRISPE‐14) and 30‐day (CRISPE‐30) logistic regression models. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was calculated for each variant of the CRISPE and MELD scores and compared via Delong's test. Predictions were compared to actual ED disposition for predictive value and reclassification statistics.ResultsMedian (interquartile range [IQR]) characteristics of the cohort were age 62 (53–70) years and MELD 3.0 13.0 (8.0–20.0). Mortality was 4.3% and 8.5% at 14 and 30 days, respectively. CRISPE‐14 and CRISPE‐30 outperformed each MELD variant, achieving AUROC of 0.824 (95% CI: 0.781–0.866) and 0.829 (0.796–0.861), respectively. MELD 3.0 AUROCs were 0.724 (0.667–0.781) and 0.715 (0.672–0.781), respectively. Compared to ED disposition, CRISPE‐14, CRISPE‐30, and MELD 3.0 significantly improved positive and negative predictive value and net reclassification index at multiple cutoffs. Applying CRISPE‐30 (cutoff 4.5) favorably reclassified one net ED disposition for mortality for every 12 patients, while MELD 3.0 net reclassified one disposition per 84 patients.ConclusionsCDIs may be useful in risk‐stratifying ED patients with cirrhosis and aiding disposition decision making. The novel CRISPE CDI showed powerful performance and requires external validation, while the existing MELD 3.0 score has moderate performance and is now externally‐validated in an ED population for short‐term mortality.
Deepening youth precarity: How the COVID‐19 pandemic impacted the livelihoods and mobility pathways of rural youth in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Muin Andi Vika Faradiba , Andary Pamula Mita , Griffin Christina , Sirimorok Nurhady , Sahide Muhammad Alif Kaimuddin , Dressler Wolfram 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIndonesia's young people renegotiate the constraints on rural‐based livelihood opportunities by participating in a diverse array of off‐farm activities, circular migration, and rural to urban mobility flows. While these strategies work to overcome the insecurity of farm‐based work, they can also introduce new forms of precarity, which are compounded when other major life events or crises occur. Drawing on a period of in‐depth qualitative research with two villages in South Sulawesi, we describe how young people were impacted by, and responded to, the mobility and trade restrictions on their daily livelihood activities during the fallout of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Travel restrictions and company layoffs forced some young people to return to their villages, where they faced limited employment prospects, while other young people remained isolated or idle in urban settings and unable to return home. Furthermore, fluctuating commodity prices and an absence of buyers for agricultural and seafood commodities led to even fewer opportunities in rural areas. The impacts of the pandemic were also gendered, as young women faced increased demands for unpaid care work, while also stepping into new markets (e.g., ginger powder) or retail work, to counter the loss of household incomes and return of male migrants. In the context of broad‐scale landscape change, declining rural opportunities, and precarious work contracts in urban areas and resource frontiers, our findings exemplify how the economic fallout of the COVID‐19 pandemic represents just one of the many crises that rural youth contend with on a daily basis.
Electrophysiological Studies in Combination With Interim‐Positron Emission Tomography Scan for Prevention of Severe Brentuximab‐Vedotin‐Induced Neurotoxicity
Authors: Pezzullo Luca , Piscosquito Giuseppe , Settembre Lorenzo , Avventura Stefano , Serio Bianca , De Biasi Giuseppe , Rizzo Michela , Noioso Ciro Maria , D'Addona Matteo , Landolfi Annamaria , Vinciguerra Claudia , Giudice Valentina , Barone Paolo , Selleri Carmine 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBrentuximab‐vedotin (BV)‐induced neurotoxicity (BVIN), a frequent adverse event caused by this monoclonal antibody, is the primary reason for dose modification or drug discontinuation, and is characterized by sensory, motor, and/or autonomic peripheral nerve dysfunctions. Although reversible, BVIN can persist for months or years after treatment and negatively affect quality of life (QoL). Currently, BVIN is managed by dose adjustment or drug interruption, leading to an increased risk of disease relapse. Therefore, early recognition and appropriate management are essential to improve clinical outcomes. In this real‐life study, we identified predictive factors for moderate/severe BVIN to reduce the risk of irreversible neuropathy. A total of 22 patients treated with BV were enrolled and BVIN was monitored by electro‐neurography and neurological examinations every 2 cycles of therapy, while QoL by clinical questionnaires. We showed that recovery rate from moderate/severe BVIN was low, and sensory nerves were the most affected, negatively impacting QoL. BV dose reduction based on interim PET re‐evaluation in patients with hematological response resulted in a significant reduction of BVIN onset with high long‐term QoL. Therefore, electrophysiological tests could be useful tools to prevent moderate/severe BVIN onset, and their combination with interim PET imaging could allow dosage adjustments thus simultaneously minimizing risks of disease relapse and BVIN development. However, further studies on larger prospective randomized cohorts are needed to confirm our preliminary results.
Health‐Related Behaviour Clusters and Functional Dentition in Older People
Authors: Alobaidi Fatimah , Heidari Ellie , Sabbah Wael 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo identify different clusters of health‐related behaviours and examine whether these clusters are associated with maintaining 20 or more teeth.BackgroundEngaging in risky behaviours impacts tooth loss, particularly among older adults. Maintaining 20 teeth is a challenge for this age group. The co‐occurrence of health‐risk behaviours is common and has been linked to an increased risk of multiple chronic diseases, including tooth loss.Material and MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis of wave 7 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) was conducted. Functional dentition was self‐reported as having 20 or more teeth. Four health‐related behaviours (smoking, alcohol intake, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity) were analysed to investigate their association with functional dentition. Demographic characteristics (sex, age, ethnicity) and socioeconomic factors (education, wealth) were included as covariates. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was conducted using four dichotomised behaviour variables to identify clusters of behaviours. Logistic regression modelling was used to examine the association between clusters of health‐related behaviours and functional dentition. The model was adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic factors.ResultsA total of 7783 participants were included. The LCA model identified three clusters: (1) risky, (2) moderate and (3) healthy. In the fully adjusted logistic regression model, the odds of having a functional dentition were 1.42 higher among those in the moderate cluster (95% CI: 1.23, 1.65), and 1.70 higher among those in the healthy cluster (95% CI: 1.39, 2.09) than for participants in the risky cluster.ConclusionRisky behaviours tend to cluster among older adults. Engaging in multiple risky behaviours is associated with having fewer than 20 teeth. Initiatives and public health campaigns that focus on these clustering patterns, as well as the underlying factors, could benefit both oral and general health.
Finding the Value: Identifying the Key Elements of Recorded Clinic Visits From the Perspective of Patients, Clinicians, and Caregivers
Authors: Barr Paul J. , Wasp Garrett T. , Dannenberg Michelle D. , Mistler Lisa A. , Verma Kanak , Bonasia Kyra , Haslett William R. , Ganoe Craig H. , Bratches Reed W. , Schifferdecker Karen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveWe aimed to understand what patients, caregivers and clinicians identified as the most important information from their audio‐recorded clinic visits and why.MethodsWe recruited patients, caregivers and clinicians from primary and speciality care clinics at an academic medical centre in New Hampshire, U.S. Participants reviewed a recording or transcript of their visit, identifying meaningful moments and the reasons why. Two researchers performed a summative content analysis of the data.ResultsSixteen patients, four with caregivers, from six clinicians participated. Patients, caregivers and clinicians identified a median of 7.5 (3–20), 12.5 (6–50) and 18 (4–31) meaningful visit moments, respectively. Moments identified were similar across stakeholders, including patient education, symptoms, recommendations and medications. Four themes emerged as a rationale for finding visit information meaningful: providing and receiving information, sharing the patient experience, forming a care plan, and providing emotional support. Clinicians rarely identified patient statements as important.ConclusionThere was considerable agreement between patients, clinicians and caregivers regarding visit information that is most valuable. Patient contributions may be undervalued by clinicians.Practice ImplicationsThese findings can be used to improve patient‐centred visit communication by focusing visit summaries and decision support on information of the most value to participants.
Learnings from ten years away from “home” as a South American immunologist in Ireland
Authors: Muñoz‐Wolf Natalia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPursuing an international scientific career is a fantastic opportunity for personal and professional growth, but it also poses unique challenges, which can be particularly daunting for researchers coming from resource‐limited countries. Drawing from personal experience, this article provides insights into navigating the transition to working abroad in academia and developing a sustainable career while integrating into a new culture. From predeparture preparations to achieving career independence, I discuss practical aspects of crafting tailored applications to contact potential advisers, contemplating visa‐related challenges, establishing collaborations and emphasizing the value of finding appropriate mentorship to help you adapt to new cultural and professional environments. The article also underscores the importance of resilience, adaptability and redefining career success as a dynamic, nonlinear process. I present an original perspective on career planning, inspired by maritime voyage planning, to address the complexities of balancing personal and professional life, particularly during transitional periods. This approach, which combines four key stages of planning, namely, appraisal, planning, execution and monitoring, serves as a model for early‐career researchers to navigate the unpredictable tides of academic work and personal life abroad with the goal of sustaining progress and well‐being. These reflections aim to empower scientists preparing for or adapting to international research environments, fostering resilience and adaptability for long‐term success abroad.
The clinical and cost effectiveness of a STAndardised DIagnostic Assessment for children and adolescents with emotional difficulties: the STADIA multi‐centre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Sayal Kapil , Wyatt Laura , Partlett Christopher , Ewart Colleen , Bhardwaj Anupam , Dubicka Bernadka , Marshall Tamsin , Gledhill Julia , Lang Alexandra , Sprange Kirsty , Thomson Louise , Moody Sebastian , Holt Grace , Bould Helen , Upton Clare , Keane Matthew , Cox Edward , James Marilyn , Montgomery Alan 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundStandardised Diagnostic Assessment tools, such as the Development and Well‐Being Assessment (DAWBA), may aid detection and diagnosis of emotional disorders but there is limited real‐world evidence of their clinical or cost effectiveness.MethodsWe conducted a multicentre, two‐arm parallel group randomised controlled trial in eight large National Health Service Trusts in England providing multidisciplinary specialist Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). Participants (5–17 year‐olds with emotional difficulties referred to CAMHS) were randomly assigned (1:1), following referral receipt, to either receive the DAWBA and assessment‐as‐usual (intervention group) or assessment‐as‐usual (control group). Data were self‐reported by participants (parents and/or young person, depending on age) at baseline, 6‐ and 12‐month post‐randomisation and collected from clinical records up to 18 months post‐randomisation. The primary outcome was a clinician‐made diagnosis decision about the presence of an emotional disorder within 12 months of randomisation. Trial registration: ISRCTN15748675.ResultsIn total, 1,225 children and young people (58% female sex) were randomised (615 intervention; 610 control). Adherence to the intervention (full/partial completion) was 80% (494/615). At 12 months, 68 (11%) participants in the intervention group received an emotional disorder diagnosis versus 72 (12%) in the control group (adjusted risk ratio (RR) 0.94 [95% CI 0.70, 1.28]). The intervention was not cost effective. There was no evidence of any differences between groups for service‐related or participant‐reported secondary outcomes, for example, CAMHS acceptance of the index referral (intervention 277 (45%) versus control 262 (43%); RR: 1.06 [95% CI: 0.94, 1.19]) was similar between groups.ConclusionsAs delivered in this pragmatic trial, we found no evidence for the effectiveness or cost effectiveness of using a Standardised Diagnostic Assessment tool in aiding the detection of emotional disorders or clinical outcomes in clinically referred children and young people. Despite regular efforts to encourage clinicians to view the DAWBA report and consider its findings as part of assessment and diagnosis, we did not collect data on usage and therefore cannot confirm the extent to which clinicians did this. As a pragmatic trial that aimed to test the effectiveness of incorporating the DAWBA into usual practice and clinical care, our study found that, in the format as delivered in this trial, there was no impact on diagnosis or clinical outcomes.
Probiotic Potential, Safety Aspects, and Application of Pediococcus pentosaceusP107 in Food Matrix
Authors: Blumberg Thayane Garcia , da Silva Taiciane Gonçalves , Oliveira Jordan Teixeira , dos Santos Pereira Elisa , Andreazza Robson , Fiorentini Ângela Maria , Pieniz Simone 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe aim was to evaluate the probiotic properties and safety aspects of the isolate Pediococcus pentosaceus P107 as well as its tolerance and survivability in a simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) environment and its viability during storage in natural yogurt. The in vitro evaluation of probiotic properties was based on GIT tolerance, bile salt resistance, and tolerance to acidic conditions. The safety aspects were assessed using gelatinase, DNAse, hemolytic activity tests, antimicrobial susceptibility, and cytotoxicity. The functional yogurt was prepared with the isolate P107 and microbiological, physicochemical, and sensory analyzes were performed. The results showed that P. pentosaceus P107 has probiotic potential without virulence factors and exhibits good viability under simulated GIT conditions and during storage in a food matrix (yogurt), maintaining concentrations of > 6 log CFU mL−1 a good sensory acceptability. It is concluded that P. pentosaceus P107 has a probiotic potential and microbiological safety for use in food.