bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Si-based mid-infrared photodetector with dynamic Schottky barrier height modulation applicable for synchronous detection
Authors: Ajiki Yoshiharu , Kan Tetsuo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We have proposed an electrical shutter operation of a nano-antenna infrared photodetector using Schottky barrier height (SBH) modulation, where the SBH is modulated by a reverse bias voltage V
b applied to the detector. The inhomogeneity of the Schottky junction may be dominant in the mechanism of barrier height reduction. Compared to the photocurrent i
ph obtained by modulating the frequency of on–off of the incident light, the proposed method yields almost the same value. Therefore, it can be concluded that the proposed method is capable of synchronous detection measurement. In addition, since the proposed method does not require a mechanical shutter, it is a compact system that can be used in very small electrical equipment.
Temperature evolution of the Fano line shape in the Raman spectra of BaTiO3 nanoparticles
Authors: Zheng Yuruo , Zhao Yinan , Yu Jiajun , Lu Wei , Ning Jiqiang , Zheng Changcheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Fano line shape at about 185 cm−1 is observed in temperature-dependent Raman spectra of BaTiO3 nanoparticles. The dip structure appears at the low-energy side, indicating a positive asymmetric parameter q, which is assigned to the interference between a central peak from the quasi-elastic scattering mode and the A(TO) vibrational mode around 180 cm−1. Furthermore, the relation between the phase change of BaTiO3 nanoparticles and the Fano line shape is discussed. This work deepens the understanding of the mechanism underlying the Fano line shape in Raman spectral and provides a powerful strategy to characterize phase change of the nanostructured BaTiO3.
Desenlaces clínicos y complicaciones después del cierre percutáneo del foramen oval permeable
Authors: Aguilar Molina Oswaldo Enrique , Ortiz-Uribe Juan Camilo , Delgado Juan Andrés , Muñoz-Ortiz Edison , Salamanca-Montilla John , Herrera Crristhian E. , Peña-Pineda Mailyn , Senior-Sánchez Juan Manuel 
Published: March 2023

Introducción: el foramen oval permeable (FOP) se ha asociado a eventos embólicos sisté- micos y la evidencia a favor del cierre viene en aumento. Nuestro objetivo es describir cuáles son los principales desenlaces clínicos y las complicaciones del cierre percutáneo del foramen oval permeable.
Material y métodos: de manera retrospectiva, se registraron pacientes desde el 1.º enero de 2016 a 1.º septiembre de 2021 que fueron sometidos a cierre percutáneo del FOP. Se evaluaron desenlaces inmediatos (<72 horas), desenlaces clínicos de manera temprana y tardía. Se evaluó la mortalidad intrahospitalaria y durante el seguimiento por registro de historia clínica o llamada telefónica.
Resultados: se incluyeron 40 pacientes sometidos a cierre percutáneo FOP. Seguimiento medio de 2.3 años, la edad media fue de 43 ± 13.6 años, 7% eran mayores de 60 años, el 72.5% mujeres, el 25% hipertensos, 20% diabetes, 10% historia de migraña. La media de RoPE score fue seis puntos y 50% un puntaje mayor a siete. Del total de casos se presentaron tres (7.5%) eventos adversos graves, cuatro complicaciones inmediatas. En el seguimiento, en 2.5% se presentaron eventos tempranos dado por el desarrollo de fibrilación auricular y 2.5% de eventos tardíos por recurrencia de ACV. No se presentaron muertes de causa neurológica y reportamos supervivencia de 100%.
Discusión: en nuestra experiencia, destacamos un bajo porcentaje de eventos adversos graves. Un número bajo de eventos inmediatos, tempranos y tardíos con una supervivencia 100% lo que demuestra excelentes resultados para cierre percutáneo de FOP
Seguimiento de una cohorte de pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo sin enfermedad coronaria obstructiva
Authors: Giraldo Ballesteros Luisa Fernanda , Cárdenas Castellanos Juan Mauricio , Alvarez Vera Tatiana , Martínez Murillo Luis Fernando , Quicero Orozco Sebastián Augusto 
Published: March 2023

Trabajo Ganador del Premio en la Categoria Trabajo de Investigación por Residentes - Concurso Trabajos Científicos del XXVII Congreso Colombiano de Medicina Interna, Bucaramanga 10 – 13 de agosto 2022
Introducción: El 10% de los infartos agudos de miocardio se presentan en ausencia de enfermedad coronaria aterosclerótica obstructiva (MINOCA). MINOCA representa un grupo de condiciones que comparten la ausencia de estenosis mayor al 50%. Se desconocen las características de la población afectada con MINOCA a nivel regional. Se propone caracterizar la población con MINOCA e identificar factores asociados a desenlaces adversos.
Material y métodos: Estudio analítico tipo cohortes que indentificó diferentes características en pacientes con MINOCA en un centro de tercer nivel de Pereira. Entre enero 1 de 2019 y Diciembre 31 de 2020 se revisaron 1.500 arteriografías coronarias las cuales 292 cumplieron criterios angiográficos de MINOCA y de éstos, 163 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. El desenlace primario fue un compuesto de hospitalización por angina/insuficiencia cardiaca, terapia de reperfusión, muerte por causa cardiovascular y por cualquier causa a 6 meses y 1 año.
Resultados: La mediana de la edad fue de 64 años, 54% (n=88) eran hombres. La hipertensión arterial fue la comorbilidad más prevalente (n=100; 61,3%), la presentación electrocardiográfica más frecuente fue la inversión de la onda T (29,7%; n=47). El 19,3% (n=28) y el 25,5% (n=37) presentaron algún desenlace a 6 meses y 1 año. La mortalidad al año se presentó en el 5,5%. En el análisis multivariado la troponina inicial, la insuficiencia aórtica moderada a severa y el bloqueo de rama derecha se asociaron al evento.
Conclusión: Se presentó el estudio con población más grande en Colombia en una cohorte de pacientes con MINOCA identificando factores asociados a desenlaces adversos.
Automatic Increase Market Systems (AIMS): Towards a deterministic theory for cryptocurrencies
Authors: Newby Wantall , Nishikawa Nickuk 
Published: March 2023

<p>The popularity of cryptocurrencies has grown significantly in recent years, and they have become an important asset for internet trading. One of the main drawbacks of cryptocurrencies is the high volatility and fluctuation in value. The value of cryptocurrencies can change rapidly and dramatically, making them a risky investment. Cryptocurrencies are largely unregulated, which can exacerbate their volatility. The high volatility of cryptocurrencies has also led to a speculative bubble, with many investors buying and selling cryptocurrencies based on short-term price fluctuations rather than their underlying values. Therefore, how to reduce the fluctuation risk introduced by exchanges, transform uncertain prices to deterministic value, and promote the benefits of decentralized finance are critical for the future development of cryptos and Web 3.0. </p>
<p>To address the issues, this paper proposes a novel theory as Automatic Increase Market Systems (AIMS) for cryptos, which could potentially be designed to automatically adjust the value of a cryptocurrency helping to stabilize the price and increase its value over time in a deterministic manner. We build a crypto, WISH (https://wishbank.wtf), based on AIMS in order to demonstrate how the automatic increase market system would work in practice, and how it would influence the supply of the cryptocurrency in response to market demand and finally make itself to be a stable medium of exchange, ensuring that the AIMS is fair and transparent.</p>
Association between Serum Cholesterol Level and Giardia lamblia Infection among Children with Acute Diarrhea in Al-Najaf Governorate
Authors: Mahmood Thikra A. , Abdullateef Shaima F. , Khadum Eman J. , Alhuchaimi Sundus N. 
Published: March 2023

Background :Giardia is a disease that is transmitted directly to humans through contaminated water, ingestion parasite and through clothing and sexual contact. Increased risk of injury in children who suffer from malnutrition and delayed growth compared to healthy children.
The aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to detect the relationship between the severity of the infection of the parasite G.lamblia vegetative phase active and cholesterol in the blood and its impact on the patient.
Study Design: The study ways to case - control of 1-12 / 2015 in the educational-Zahra hospital in the province of Najaf. Study of children up to age five who are suffering from diarrhea. This study examines the total cholesterol in the blood means that the 50 episodes of diarrhea passers Giardia trophozoite passers vegetative and compared with the proportion of cholesterol in the blood of 50 cases .Giardiasis is the most common waterborne disease in human. Infected children revealed malnutrition and growth retardation compare to health group and may lack the important caloric source and lipid malabsorption .
Methods :Study design: The case control study of 1-12 / 2015 in Zahra educational children's section of a hospital in the province of Najaf. A study of children up to age five who are suffering from diarrhea. This study examines the mean serum total cholesterol to 50 episodes of diarrhea passers Giardia trophozoite passers vegetative and compared with cholesterol in the blood of 50 cases of diarrhea in children infected with Giardia .. weight rate (9.85 to 18.2) kg and average height (75, 55 to 109.15 cm)
Results: There was a significant difference in mean serum cholesterol between cases and control groups (PË‚ 0.05) . The total cholesterol serum level significantly declined by severity of giardiasis. (Table 2) . The total cholesterol level inversely correlated with the severity of the disease . The serum level of cholesterol and gender of the patients showed no significant relationship ( PËƒ 0.05) .
Conclusions: the results suggest that there is a significance of G.lamblia on lipid levels and have ability to keep low serum cholesterol.
Recommendations
1. Promote scientific research students to pursue the study of deep research in the pathogenesis Giardia.
2. Engage with each branch of science or scientific institution with irrelevant.
Pembinaan Warga Gereja Methodis Injili Bandung dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Simanjuntak Junihot M. , Duma Pakpahan  , Glorya Eugene Pumpente  , Glorya Eugene Pumpente  
Published: March 2023

Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan urgensi dan sentralistisnya pengajaran Kristologi sebagai pokok materi ajar dalam pembinaan iman jemaah pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Harapan utama dari pelaksanaan kegiatan pembinaan ini adalah seluruh Warga Gereja Methodis Injili Bandung akan lebih mengenal Allah yang memberi pengharapan di dalam Yesus Kristus pada masa pandemi Covid-19 sehingga mereka menjadi lebih siap menghadapi pandemi Covid-19 ini. Selain itu, diharapkan seluruh warga jemaah yang dibina mampu mendapatkan pengalaman dan pengetahuan baru. Bentuk kegiatan ini adalah pendampingan kegiatan pembinaan iman Warga Gereja Methodis Injili. Kegiatan PkM ini dilaksanakan menggunakan prosedur pendampingan belajar melalui pengajaran serta konseling. Hasil Kegiatan pendampingan adalah 1) 69,8% jemaah membutuhkan materi pengajaran Kristologi karena mereka ingin lebih mengenal Allah yang memberi pengharapan di dalam Yesus Kristus pada masa pandemi Covid-19 dan 2) Respon jemaah setelah dilakukannya pengajaran menjadi lebih siap menghadapi pandemi Covid-19 karena percaya bahwa Kristus sang Immanuel ada bersama-sama jemaah
The Role of Saudi Universities in Promoting Moderation among their Students
Authors: Alzahrani Majed Mohammad Abdullah 
Published: March 2023

The study investigated the role of Saudi universities in promoting moderation among their students through development of cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains. The study also explored the effect of the particular university attended on the study sample members’ opinion of the level of the role of Saudi universities in promoting moderation. (Universities in the study included Umm Al-Qura University, King Saud University, King Faisal University, King Khalid University, and Tabuk University.) The study used the descriptive approach in its survey method; the researcher prepared a questionnaire composed of 34 items distributed in three domains (cognitive, psychomotor, and affective). The instrument was applied to a sample of 397 male and female Saudi university students. The most significant result of the study was that the role of Saudi universities in promoting moderation among their students through the development of the affective domain also had a high rating level with the mean score of the total domain items of 4.12 and a standard deviation of 0.85. Further, the role of universities in promoting moderation among their students through the development of the cognitive domain had a high rating level with an arithmetic mean of the total domain items of 4.10 and a standard deviation of 0.88.

Received: 12 December 2022 / Accepted: 20 February 2023 / Published: 6 March 2023
Understanding the Public Sphere and Women’s Question in Colonial Assam: A Study in its Initial Phases
Authors: Borah Sonali , Hazarika Pallabi 
Published: March 2023

Before the advent of the British, the public sphere did not evolve much in India to channelizing the grievances and thoughts of the masses at large. Any discussion related to the state, administration, or any area was confined mostly to the royal court. All the Hindu and Muslim rulers considered themselves supreme and they never sought public opinion. The rational public discussion and places such as coffee houses and salons as suggested by the Habermas as in Western Europe were almost extinct here. As far as the Assam was concerned the growth of almost 170 years of Assamese print media is also linked with the rise of sub-regional nationalism. Most of the public debates were taking place in the print media. So, print media have become an important aspect of the public sphere. The periodicals, starting from Orunudoi onwards had been publishing important topics of society, and women issues were continuously being discussed there. So, analysing the 19th century is important to understand the questions that started on women’s behalf to improve their position in the society.

Received: 5 January 2023 / Accepted: 28 February 2023 / Published: 6 March 2023
Sexual Assault and Trauma as Reflected in Amadu Maddy’s “No Past No Present No Future” and Zakes Mda’s “The Madonna of Excelsior”
Authors: Kassaw Abera , Mengistu Melakneh 
Published: March 2023

Violence such as rape has been and continues to be the major problem in Africa. It is because defective family dynamic, sexualized racism, rape myths, patriarchal dominance, low legal system response to victims’ cases etc. often exert ever more significant obstacles in bringing a paradigm shift in people’s understanding towards victim reaction to sexual assault. Thus, it is vital to create a more trauma informed society and legal system in order to reduce the rate of sexual assault and to develop more effective criminal justice system responses to sexual assault cases. To this end, literary texts can play a paramount role since it can be used as a signpost to display victims’ reaction to sexual assault. Therefore, the main objective of this article was to undertake a critical examination of the traumatic impacts of sexual assault reflected in Amadu’s Novel “No Past No Present No Future” and Mda’s novel “The Madonna of Excelsior”, hoping to send signals to researchers to see the immense contribution which literary works can have to bring a paradigm shift in people’s understanding towards the drastic emotional, and psychological damages of rape. A trauma theory dominantly informed by Freud, and Van der Kolk and Greenberg was applied to analyze and discuss the causes of sexual assault and its resultant impact towards the victim characters in the novels under study. The study findings revealed that betrayal and negative heterosexual encounters as the causes of trauma and eventual PTSD in Amadu’s novel: “No Past No Present No Future”. In addition, the study has also found that homosexuality has been presented as the haven for the traumatized character to come at peace with his present condition leaving his traumatic experience behind. On the other hand, sexualized racism, racial injustice, and poverty caused sexual victimization of the major character in the Mda’s novel “The Madonna of Excelsior”. In addition, the study also found that rape exposed the victim character to experience trauma, which was very hard to bear, and its impact cut through the victim character’s life with emotional and psychological scars left behind. Furthermore, the study revealed that the victim character became prone to having flashback to memories which is a strong sign that PTSD develops in the novel “The Madonna of Excelsior”. Based on these findings, using literary texts which specifically focus on the consequences of sexual assault to educate society about victims’ reaction to rape is inexorably advisable and researchers in psychology can hopefully use the implications in this study to explore further the role of literature in reducing violence including rape and creating a health community life.

Received: 8 January 2023 / Accepted: 19 February 2023 / Published: 6 March 2023
Pro-social activities and grassroots initiatives during Russia's attack on Ukraine - institutional field in aid activities for Ukraine (the case of the "Wroclaw Railway Station"
Authors: Perchla-Włosik Aleksandra 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of the article is to determine whether the formation of organisational structures appears in the transformation of grassroots initiatives "coming from the people", in the course of activities for refugees from Ukraine. How to relate the theory of the organisational field to them and what are the possible consequences of institutionalising these endeavours.MethodsFor this purpose, observations were made of social media dedicated to volunteer activities at the PKP Main Railway Station in Wrocław and in-depth interviews were conducted with the initiators of these activities and other volunteers. The analysis was also carried out with reference to secondary data results in the form of research reports and statistics.ResultsThe case study shows that grassroots, spontaneous actions of individuals become networked and then organised, within an organisational field, and that they are not always spontaneous and independent. The article is set in the context of sociologically relevant theoretical paradigms.ConclusionsThe cooperation of social organisations with volunteers requires the constant motivation of those involved to continue their activities and the search for new people willing to engage in selfless activity for the benefit of another person. This activity requires knowledge and experience to influence people's decisions to get involved in a way that is appropriate to their beliefs and shared values.
This allows us to see the difference between informal self-organisation of citizens and formal civic groups, as the functioning of the latter is specifically regulated by those in power, which influences the effects of their actions.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Typical Cold-Induced Urticaria: A Case Reports
Authors: Ulfa Nurul Nisa 
Published: March 2023

Background: Urticaria is a common disease in society. 15-25% of individuals must have experienced urticaria at least once in their life. Cold urticaria is included in the type of chronic inducible urticaria and is a type of urticaria that accounts for 3% of cases of all types of chronic urticaria that occur. The age group that most suffers from urticaria is the age 12-25 years. This study was aimed at presenting the diagnosis and treatment of cold urticaria.
Case presentation: A 29-year-old woman came with complaints of itching and redness on the hands, feet, and neck, starting with a small round reddish rash that widened and the center was paler than the edges, then disappeared within 1-2 hours, there is no a history of infectious or autoimmune diseases but has a family history of the same complaint. Examination of the ice cube test obtained positive results after 7 minutes of contact with ice cubes. Patients were given therapy in the form of cetirizine 10 mg per day for 2 weeks, which was then increased by a dose of 20 mg with a combination of cetirizine 10 mg in the morning and loratadine 10 mg at night.
Conclusion: Exploration of precipitating factors through detailed anamnesis and supporting examinations with a cold stimulation test can establish a diagnosis of typical cold-induced urticaria.
T-BOT as an Effort to Overcome Speech Delay in Children
Authors: Henra Zupri , Zulkifli Akhmad 
Published: March 2023

Speech is a developmental stage that begins in infancy. The speech stage must be considered as early as possible, because it can be used as a parameter or benchmark for the presence or absence of developmental disorders in children. Based on the results of the Observation and Research of Literature Studies conducted, speech delay or speech delay is a phenomenon that is often found in today's society, especially in the digital world as it is now. Based on the research obtained, parents (both father and mother) currently do not have quality time with their children because they are busy working and dominated by smartphones. Currently, there are many speech therapy practices, both opened independently by doctors and in hospitals. However, there are some parents who say that their children experience stress when they are brought to a therapy place because they feel threatened or afraid of the atmosphere in a therapy place that is foreign to them. There are studies that reveal that speech delay can also be done at home. The causes of speech delay are children who have too much screen time, are rarely invited to interact in two directions, and lack of stimulus from family or closest people.
The purpose of making T-BOT or (Talking Robot) is as an effort to overcome and can be speech therapy for children from the age of 1.5 years by inputting various vocabulary, compound sentences consisting of 2 words, 3 words to 1 structured sentences. The existence of this T-BOT will be the first alternative for parents to help provide speech therapy for children at home and of course children do not feel pressured and feel more comfortable playing while practicing their speaking skills with the T-BOT. The output produced is in the form of a robot that provides information in the form of voice in Indonesian as the mother tongue of our country. The child's speech development will also be evaluated to see how effectively the T-BOT is working.