bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BREAST VOLUME AND BREAST MALIGNANCY IN MAMMOGRAPHY
Authors: Lathifa Jauza Atsil , Yueniwati Yuyun , Fahanani Agwin Fahmi 
Published: January 2023

Breast cancer is a major global public health problem and the most common type of cancer. The incidence of cases in Indonesia are about 42.1 per 100.000 population in 2019. There are multiple risk factors that underlie breast cancer malignancy. However, breast volume has not been yet included as a risk factor for breast cancer. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between breast volume and breast malignancy. This study is a cross-sectional study obtaining breast volume and BI-RADS score by performing mammography assessment at dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang.
The inclusion criteria were women aged > 40 years and excluded those who have mammography contraindications such as pregnancy and breast-feeding. The parameters for calculating breast volume were the width, height, and compression thickness, and the BI-RADS category (0 – 6) was used to determine the malignancy.
There is no significant association using the non-parametric analytic test Kruskal Wallis analytic test (p = 0.273 , p < 0.05) and a very weak negative correlation based on the correlation test Spearmanis correlation test (-0.127). There is no association between breast volume and the risk of malignancy based on BI-RADS mammography.
Effects of single versus multiple tracts on Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy outcomes
Authors: Saleem Balindi Shakir , Saleh Khidhur Khidhur 
Published: January 2023

Objectives: The study designed to compare outcomes and morbidities in patient undergoes multi tracts percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) versus single tract PCNL.
Methods: From October 2019 to September 2020, 50 patients were prospectively investigated at Azadi Teaching Hospital and Vajeen Private Hospital in Duhok, Iraq. Group A included 25 patients who received single tract PCNL while group B had 25 patients who underwent multiple tract PCNL. Complex renal stones are treated with single or multiple tract PCNL depending on stone configurations and urinary system architecture utilising Guy's stone score. Laboratory and imaging data were correlated with stone size, stone-free rate, mean haemoglobin decrease, operation time, hospital stay, and postoperative problems.
Results: 64% of cases are male and 36% are female. The mean stone size in Group A was 3.3 cm (ranges 2.0 - 4.9 cm), but in Group B it was 5.1 cm (ranges 3.3 - 7.4 cm), which is substantially bigger. Group A's mean operational time was 64.4 minutes (ranges from 30-115 minutes), which is statistically significant compared to multiple tracts' 80.2 minutes (ranges from 45-120minutes). The decline in mean hemoglobin between the two groups is statistically significant. Group A and B had 8% and 12% blood transfusions, which is not significant. Group A had a mean hospital stay of 28.2 hours (20-48 hours), whereas group B had 40.8 hours (ranges 24-96 hours). In group A, 16% of patients experienced post-operative fever, whereas in group B, 20% did. 84% of single tract PCNL and 88% of multiple tract PCNL were stone-free.
Conclusion: Complex renal stones treated by multiple tracts PCNL; is efficient and safe with acceptable postoperative outcomes and complications in comparison to single tract PCNL.
Objective and Subjective Sleep Patterns in Adults With Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)
Authors: Arosemena Marilyn , Salguero Maria V. , Naylor Rochelle N. , Wroblewski Kristen , Tasali Esra , Philipson Louis H. 
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVETo examine sleep patterns in adults with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSAdults with glucokinase (GCK)-MODY and transcription factor (TF)-related MODY (HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A) were recruited (n = 24; age 46.0 years, 79% women, BMI 24.7 kg/m2) from The University of Chicago’s Monogenic Diabetes Registry. Sleep patterns were assessed by 2-week wrist actigraphy (total 315 nights), one night of a home sleep apnea test, and validated surveys.RESULTSOverall, compared with established criteria, 29% of participants had sleep latency ≥15 min, 38% had sleep efficiency ≤85%, 46% had wake after sleep onset &gt;40 min, all indicating poor objective sleep quality. Among all participants, 54% had a sleep duration below the recommended minimum of 7 h, 88% reported poor sleep quality, 58% had obstructive sleep apnea, and 71% reported insomnia. Compared with GCK-MODY, participants with TF-related MODY had poorer objective sleep quality and increased night-to-night variability in sleep patterns.CONCLUSIONSSleep disturbances appear to be common in adults with MODY despite absent traditional risk factors for sleep disorders. Future research investigating the sleep-diabetes relationship is warranted in this population.
Alternativas de aprovechamiento de residuos de la industria minera de El Bajo Cauca Antioqueño en el sector de la construcción
Authors: Arias Torres Sandra Milena , Córdova Castro Juan Diego , Gómez Botero Maryory Astrid 
Published: January 2023

La minería a pequeña y gran escala en el Bajo Cauca Antioqueño genera un aporte significativo a la producción de oro a nivel departamental, siendo motor de desarrollo e inversión social en el territorio (Camara de Comercio de Medellín, 2019). Sin embargo, la industria minera genera consigo una gran cantidad de desechos al ambiente, que son almacenados en estructuras de contención tipo presa a un alto costo y sin ningún valor agregado al proceso de minería (Beltrán-Rodríguez, Larrahondo, & Cobos, 2018). Por otro lado, los suelos degradados por la actividad minera del pequeño minero se han transformado en un problema para el desarrollo de la región, limitando la utilización de los recursos naturales que posee el territorio para potencializar las destrezas, conocimientos y habilidades de los habitantes del Bajo Cauca (Güiza, 2013). Estos daños generados a los suelos de la región se deben a los procesos de extracción rudimentarios y a la disposición de desechos no controlada posterior a la extracción minera por parte del pequeño minero.
De acuerdo a este panorama expuesto se hizo necesario crear alternativas de aprovechamiento de suelos degradados de la pequeña minería y relaves mineros de la gran minería de empresas presentes en la región en opciones productivas a través de su transformación y utilidad para la industria de la construcción.
Es por ello que, en esta investigación se presentan alternativas de aprovechamiento de suelos degradados y relaves mineros en el sector de la construcción a través de la fabricación de morteros de revoque y mezclas de concreto, representando con esto no solo una alternativa de reconversión laboral para los habitantes de la región sino también una alternativa de aprovechamiento de todo el material que queda como residuo posterior a la extracción minera, no solo de las empresas mineras en general sino también del pequeño minero, mitigando con ello el impacto ambiental generado con la minería a través de una alternativa productiva.
Contribuições de uma experiência sobre o conteúdo de Tratamento da Informação no programa Pró- Letramento em Matemática
Authors: Giusti Neura Maria , Justo Jutta 
Published: January 2023

A pesquisa investiga as ações e as contribuições de uma formação continuada nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental para a prática pedagógica de 18 professores do município de Vacaria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), envolvendo os conteúdos de Tratamento da Informação (TI), com base no programa Pró-Letramento em Matemática. A pesquisa é qualitativa e tem o estudo de caso como abordagem. A coleta de dados foi composta por questionários, entrevistas, gravações em áudio e análise documental. Os resultados apontaram que a proposta de formação atendeu às expectativas da maioria dos professores de alcançar novos conhecimentos teóricos sobre o conteúdo e seu processo de ensino e aprendizagem, bem como contribuiu para o desenvolvimento de estratégias para a prática pedagógica.
Sujeito, educação e o trabalho com a Língua Portuguesa na escola básica
Authors: Magalhães Tânia , Cyranka Lucia 
Published: January 2023

Este trabalho aborda as concepções de sujeito e educação no âmbito do ensino de Língua Portuguesa na educação básica. Retomamos as palavras de Bakhtin (2006), que enfatiza o lugar e a participação do indivíduo no processo de sua constituição como ser social, sujeito às forças exteriores que sobre ele atuam em diferentes níveis e em variadas proporções, capazes de influenciar na sua constituição como membro da comunidade na qual deixa sua marca. Na enunciação, o sujeito está imerso em uma situação social, necessitando, então, adaptar-se ao contexto imediato e aos interlocutores para interagir por meio da linguagem. Nesse sentido, são os gêneros textuais/discursivos que tornam a comunicação humana possível, como formações sócio-históricas firmadas pela interação social. Um ensino que pretende fazer com que o aluno seja capaz de interagir com o outro por meio da oralidade e da escrita deve tomar como objeto tais gêneros para o desenvolvimento da competência discursiva em situações reais. Aí está o verdadeiro sentido de ensinar: fazer com que o aluno seja capaz de interferir na busca de sentidos, tornando-se agente de sua própria história.
Reproductive rights: gender principle
Authors: Paramonov N.V. 
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to clarifying the issue of reproductive rights and reproductive health of both women and men. It is noted that in society, ideas about the rights of men and women in the field of regulation of reproductive activity and reproductive health have not been properly formed, and in domestic legislation not all aspects in the sphere of realization of reproductive rights of men and women are regulated. It was stated that special attention in the field of regulation of reproductive rights and reproductive health is paid only to the procedure for applying programs of assisted reproductive technologies.
The lack of definition of "reproductive right" and "right to reproductive health" contradicts the existing human rights and freedoms that are enshrined in both women and men. This statement, in turn, leads to discriminatory elements in society. In addition, it was stated that the lack of proper legal registration of the relevant definitions entails a logically related lack of guarantees for the implementation of the above-mentioned rights of men and women, as well as liability for their violation. According to the results of the analysis of existing norms in both national and international law, it was stated that the reproductive rights of men and women are based on fundamental human rights - the right to life, the right to health care, equality between men and women, the right to physical integrity, the right to privacy, the right to personal, family secrets, etc., are derived from fundamental human rights, detail and complement them.
In addition, detailed regulation will be of positive importance both for legal science and for practice, since it will allow to more deeply and fully comprehend the rights of men and women in this area, as well as to acquire the status of independent subjective rights included in the legal status and the institution of fundamental rights and freedoms.
Problems of implementation of decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine
Authors: Romtsiv O.I. 
Published: January 2023

One of the urgent problems of the practice of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine is the implementation of its acts, the non-solution of which calls into question not only its guarantee of the supremacy of the Constitution of Ukraine as the Basic Law of the state throughout Ukraine, but also the authority of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine as a body of constitutional jurisdiction. The fulfillment by the Constitutional Court of Ukraine of the tasks assigned to it is achieved not so much by adopting the relevant acts as by their implementation and implementation. Without the implementation of decisions and conclusions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, all its previous activities regarding the consideration and resolution of relevant cases are nullified, it simply loses its meaning.
As you know, the acts of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine are self-sufficient, that is, those that are mandatory, final, have a direct effect and do not require confirmation or duplication by any public authorities to enter into force. The obligation to enforce the decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine is a requirement of the Constitution of Ukraine, which has the highest legal force in relation to all other normative legal acts. In accordance with Art. 69 of the Law "On the Constitutional Court of Ukraine", decisions and conclusions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine are equally binding.
The problem is that the current legislation does not define the principles and mechanisms for the execution of decisions and conclusions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine. As a result, a significant part of such acts do not find their practical implementation.
It seems that the problems of implementing the prosecution, as well as the implementation of the decision itself, are associated with the lack of a clear control mechanism that would allow to identify the fact of non-compliance with the decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the result of which could be prosecution.
Also, in the situation of Russian military aggression that has developed today in Ukraine, an important means of ensuring the implementation of acts of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine is to maintain the high authority of the body of constitutional justice, to increase the level of legal awareness and legal culture of citizens, and especially to persons authorized to exercise state power. Important conditions for the effectiveness of the Constitutional Court, including the implementation of its acts, are the establishment in Ukraine of the foundations of a legal, democratic state, as well as ensuring political and socio-economic stability in the country.
The role of the UN and its structures in ensuring transitional justice in post-conflict states
Authors: Teplytska N. 
Published: January 2023

Helping societies affected by conflict or emerging from oppressive rule to restore the rule of law and come to terms with widespread human rights abuses, particularly in the context of broken institutions, depleted resources, deteriorating security, and public anxiety and disunity, represents an enormous the problem Transitional justice aims to ensure recognition of victims, strengthen individuals' trust in state institutions, strengthen respect for human rights and promote the rule of law as a step towards reconciliation and prevention of further violations.
Transitional justice processes have repeatedly demonstrated that they can help resolve problems and differences. To this end, such processes should be context-specific, state-responsive, and victim-focused. Then they can unite, empower and transform societies and thus contribute to lasting peace.
For the United Nations system and structure, transitional justice is the full range of processes and mechanisms involved in society's attempt to come to terms with the legacy of massive past abuses in order to ensure accountability, serve justice and achieve reconciliation. Transitional justice processes and mechanisms are a critical component of the United Nations system and structure to strengthen the rule of law.
United Nations rule of law and transitional justice activities include developing standards and best practices, assisting in the development and implementation of transitional justice mechanisms, providing technical, material and financial support, and promoting the mainstreaming of human rights and transitional justice in peace agreements.
Restriction of the right to access to public information under martial law
Authors: Turchenko O. , Furman V. 
Published: January 2023

Article 64 of the Constitution of Ukraine defines a list of human rights and freedoms that may be restricted under martial law to protect the national security and territorial integrity of Ukraine, including the right to access information. This provision corresponds to Part 3 of Article 34 of the Constitution of Ukraine, Part 1 of Article 8 of the Law of Ukraine "On the Legal Regime of Martial Law".
Due to the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, the dissemination of information about the activities of state authorities and their employees, including courts and justice system bodies, can impose a threat to their life and health, cause crimes to be committed and be a threat to national security, and therefore can subject to restrictions by law.
The article examines the grounds and conditions for restricting the right to access the public information under martial law; special attention is paid to the issue of restricting access to public information at the disposal of the courts and the State Judicial Administration of Ukraine.
The author analyzed statistical data on the number of submitted requests for obtaining public information, cases of filing complaints about illegal actions of managers of public information when considering requests since the introduction of martial law on the territory of Ukraine.
The article proves that since the Law of Ukraine "On the Legal Regime of Martial Law" does not provide for a direct possibility to establish any prohibitions or restrictions on the fulfillment of the duties of managers in considering requests or disclosing public information, when deciding the issue of limiting or providing access to that or other information in the conditions of martial law, the need to maintain an appropriate balance between the protected interest of a specific person and public interests and the application of the established practices to approve the request remain.
The article also explores the possibility of restricting the dissemination of restricted information during martial law, which is socially necessary, when the public's right to know this information outweighs the potential harm from its dissemination.
he problem of youth unemployment in Ukraine
Authors: Lutsai V. 
Published: January 2023

Unemployment refers to acute macroeconomic problems. Since unemployment is not a new problem, but in wartime among young people, it acquires a special importance among socio-economic relations, and therefore acquires special relevance in our time. In today's conditions, the youth of our country who have graduated from educational institutions are increasingly faced with unemployment and feel redundant in the labor market. Insufficient number of vacant jobs, lack of work in a specialty, high competitiveness on the labor market, lack of state guarantees regarding employment, unsatisfactory working conditions offered to young people by employers, graduation from an educational institution does not provide any guarantees of employment in a specialty, all this leads to the uncertainty of youth in its future and requires immediate solutions.
Young people in Ukraine make up the majority of the working population, have more education, creativity, the ability to learn new things, master new professions and are the engine of the country's socio-economic development. Therefore, the state faces the task of regulating the youth segment of the labor market, ensuring employment guarantees, helping small and medium-sized businesses, improving internship conditions for students of professional and higher educational institutions, motivating and preparing young specialists for modern labor market conditions.
The article analyzes the essence of such a phenomenon as unemployment. The main factors of the occurrence of this phenomenon are determined, the importance of youth in the socio-economic development of the country is characterized. Statistical data from the State Employment Service are presented, the state of unemployment in Ukraine and its consequences are analyzed. Proposals are made to solve the problem of unemployment in the labor market among young people and increase the level of employment in the state.
The vector of transformation of the competence of police officers in connection with the legalization of firearms in Ukraine
Authors: Bakhchev K. 
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to determining the vector of transformation of the competence of police officers in connection with the legalization of firearms in Ukraine. It is indicated that the external circumstances in Ukrainian society require a review of the powers of the police officer and the guarantee of his personal safety at the highest level. One of the priority vectors for ensuring the personal safety of a police officer, which has been repeatedly emphasized by political leaders, police officers themselves, and the public, is the introduction of the principle of presumption of the policeman's right, which is in effect in a number of foreign countries. The essence of the category "presumption of rightness of a police officer" was clarified, foreign experience was studied, where the principle was implemented and there is progress in this direction, after which, based on the analysis of the current activities of the National Police, a conclusion was made about the possibility of establishing the presumption of rightness of a police officer in Ukraine.
It is noted that the principle of the presumption of the rightness of a police officer already actually operates in Ukraine, but its full implementation depends on the establishment of a mechanism for its application by the police officers themselves: the level of their training, taking into account errors in the preparation of documents that judges emphasize, the level of communication of police officers, a high level of ensuring rights and human freedoms, etc.
Additional relevance of the outlined questions is added by the long-term controversy in scientific and practical circles regarding the legalization of firearms in Ukraine, especially in the current conditions associated with Russian aggression. The above-mentioned facts will undoubtedly lead to waves of increased crime, which will affect the safety of the police officer during the performance of his duties.
It was determined that a policeman's safety is guaranteed by his legitimate demands and actions, communication skills, and conflict de-escalation skills. Accordingly, the vector of the transformation of the competence of police officers in connection with the legalization of firearms can be seen in the clear observance of the law by police officers, their additional training on the acquisition of anti-crisis skills, as well as the development of a single organizational algorithm for the interaction of units of the National Police, the prosecutor's office and courts throughout the territory of Ukraine.