bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Comfort in High Altitude Mountaineering Spaces: The Case of Annapurna Conservation Area
Authors: Ishak N M , Abdullah J , Hanib A A , Said S A A S 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Mountaineering, which has recently gained a lot of popularity, is an outdoor leisure activity that involves risk, challenges, and hardship. As mountains can be fairly dangerous owing to avalanches, rock falls, or extremely low temperatures, it can be a challenging activity. This study aims to develop a statistical modeling for examining thermal comfort to mountaineering activities that represents the mountaineers’ comfort of the place by integrating all of the relevant factors. Data were collected by questionnaire and in-situ microclimatic measurement and is statically analysed. The findings show that mountaineers’ comfort is dependent on environmental perception and environmental attitude while doing high altitude climbing activities at the Annapurna Base Camp. The education level of the mountaineers has significant impact toward comfort assessment and Female has significant impact on comfort assessment compared to male. These findings make important contribution to the leisure, outdoor leisure activities, and mountaineering literature.
Knowledge, Attitude, And Challenges of High-Rise Building Community Towards Waste Segregation and Recycling Practice in Metropolitan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Authors: Saari Riduan , Yatim Siti Rohana Mohd , ishak Ahmad Razali , Shafie Farah Ayuni , Rasdi Nadiah Wan , Abdullah Samsuri , Zaki Muhammad Afiq , Saifuddin Siti Norasyikin Mohamad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The increasing population of modern cities contributes to the development of more residential high-rise buildings as well as waste management challenges. Recycling and waste separation can be a challenge in high rise apartment buildings due to the high volume of residents and limited space for waste management. Therefore, the objectives of this study is to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and challenges of high-rise building communities towards waste segregation and recycling. Using cross-sectional analysis, online questionnaires were distributed to target respondents in Sentul Kuala Lumpur. Data were collected from 375 residents of high-rise buildings. The results show that the high-rise community has modest knowledge (57%) and challenges (61%) to practice waste sorting and recycling, however, showed a good attitude (81%) towards it. Waste separation and recycling were influenced by sociodemographic factors of education (p = 0.05), ownership (p = 0.02), marital status (p = 0.01), and floor of living (p = 0.02). There is positive correlation between knowledge an attitude (r = 0.57, p = 0.26), but negative correlation between knowledge and challenges (r = - 0.25, p = 0.0001). The result also indicates that this community lack information and knowledge to practice waste sorting and recycling. Intervention is required to convey the information to these dwellers.
Rail-Based Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) From the Public’s Perspectives in the Klang Valley, Malaysia
Authors: Abdullah Y A , Khalid N S , Nawawi F N , Marzukhi M A , Ahmad Zaki Z , Leh O L H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Malaysia faces the challenges of increased private vehicle ownership, which may draw negative impacts in the long run. Public transportation systems and land use must be integrated and strategised to reduce private transport dependency. The government has emphasised promoting a shift to public transport. Rail-based Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) is part of the government’s efforts. To encourage the use of public transport, the system must support mobility and continuous accessibility of services. This study, therefore, aims at investigating the factors that may influence the use of rail-based public transport and to reflect the experience of rail-based users in TOD design. A multiple-case studies method was employed, and a questionnaire survey was performed through simple random sampling at five rail stations in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Results demonstrated that TOD for rail-based public transportation requires the provisions of certain facilities, which may increase the public’s preference in choosing rail-based as their commuting medium.
Low Carbon City (LCC) Governance through Administrative and Operational Approaches by Malaysian Local Government
Authors: Jamaluddin N B , Abdullah Y A , Yakob H , Nasrudin N , Hassan M A , Zainudin K 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In Malaysia, the current practice of delivering low-carbon city approaches usually is administered and managed by the planning department in each local authority. However, this current practice may also lead to the problem of unorganized institutional administration and management. Simultaneously, the Malaysian government, through Low-carbon City Master Plan, has mentioned the need for governance restructuring for low-carbon city delivery. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the practice of Low Carbon City (LCC) in terms of administrative and operational practices. Three (3) objectives were established for this study; (i) assessing the governance for low-carbon city approaches and; (ii) examining the operational practices of LCC initiatives at the local level, and (iii) determining the application of policies and strategies for low-carbon development by the local authority. The study applies the purposive sampling approach, using the technique of an in-depth interview with two (2) core local authorities endeavoring on low-carbon development in the state of Selangor; Shah Alam City Council (MBSA) and Subang Jaya City Council (MBSJ). The result of this study shows that the governance of low-carbon cities can be categorized into three (3) main dimensions: administrative, operational, and policy application. From the administration feature, the findings indicated that the current administration practice needs to be restructured to enable a more effective delivery system. Moreover, the current way of delivering a low-carbon city was ineffective due to long-standing systems, coordination among the agencies, and the feasibility of the strategies planned to achieve the low-carbon status. Since this study converges on the governance aspect from the perspective of the local authority, future research may look deeper into the whole framework involving the delivery support system, contributing to the effectiveness of low-carbon delivery practices.
Study on mechanism of refining and modifying in Al–Si–Mg casting alloys with adding rare earth cerium
Authors: Cui Xiaoming , Wang Zhenwang , Cui Hao , Meng Chuang , Bai Pucun , Du Zhaoxin , Zhao Xueping , Li Jie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, Al-7%Si-0.6%Mg-X%Ce (X = 0, 0.1 and 0.2) casting alloys were prepared by vacuum induction furnace. Using optical microscopy (OM), x-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy spectrometry (EDS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the microstructures of the experimental alloys were studied, and the mechanism of refinement and modification of the alloy were discussed. Results show that for Al-Si alloy, AlCeSi2 is formed by adding cerium element into aluminum alloy. Furthermore, with the increase of cerium addition, α - Al dendrite arms decrease, the AlCeSi2 was formed, and the growth of iron-rich phase was hindered, respectively. Also, the areas of eutectic of α-Al + Si were decreased, due to the supercooling increasing of the alloys. In addition, the α-Al grains were refined, because existing of heterogeneous nucleation core supplied by AlCeSi2, and component supercooling caused by cerium adding. Moreover, the formation of AlCeSi2 consumed to some silicon elements, which leaded to size and amount reduction of eutectic silicon. The formation of high-density stacking fault can induce silicon modified, and the formed high-density stacking fault was produced by cerium as impurity element into silicon.
Structure and magnetic properties of melt-spun Mn-Ga-Cu-Al ribbons
Authors: Thi Thanh Pham , Ngoc Nguyen Huy , Lam Nguyen Mau , Hau Kieu Xuan , Yen Nguyen Hai , Anh Truong Viet , Huy Dan Nguyen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this work, we investigated structure and magnetic properties of Mn65Ga20Al15−xCux (x = 0, 5, 10 and 15) alloy ribbons prepared by melt-spinning method combined with annealing. The annealing temperature was varied from 250 °C to 350 °C, and the annealing time was changed from 5 h to 20 h. Concentration of Cu and annealing process significantly influence on the formation of the desired phases in the alloy ribbons. The D022-type Mn3Ga crystalline phase with the hexagonal structure, which characterizes hard magnetic property of Mn-Ga based alloys, is enhanced after an appropriate annealing process. The change of grain size after annealing also contributes to the increased coercivity of the alloy ribbons. The highest coercivity of 12.9 kOe and saturation magnetization of 18.7 emu g−1 are achieved on the alloy ribbons with Cu concentration of 10%. The simultaneous enhancement of these magnetic parameters has an important significance for application possibility of the Mn-Ga based alloys.
Surfactant-free synthesis of Ag@TiO2 and CuO@TiO2 photocatalyst: a comparative study of their photocatalytic activity for reduction of nitroaromatics in water
Authors: Hazarika Shikharani , Dutta Pankaj , Borah Geetika 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The reduction of harmful nitroaromatics to useful amino-aromatics have significant opportunities in synthetic chemistry. Here a visible-light-driven eco-friendly method for the selective reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to their corresponding amines in aqueous solution by using Ag@TiO2 and CuO@TiO2 is described. It was observed that both Ag@TiO2 and CuO@TiO2 are photo-catalytically more efficient compared to bare TiO2 and CuO@TiO2 has higher activity over Ag@TiO2 for the said conversion. The structural and morphological characterization of the as-synthesized catalysts has been done with SEM-EDX, TEM, powder XRD, ICP-AES, XPS, Photoluminescence, and UV-vis spectroscopic techniques. The nanocomposites Ag@TiO2 and CuO@TiO2 exhibit pure anatase phase with average crystallite size of 5.89 nm and 5.87 nm respectively as calculated from the Debye-Scherrer equation depending on the (101) plane. UV-visible results inferred enhanced optical properties of both the synthesized catalysts and revealed a reduced band gap (3.07 eV for Ag@ TiO2 and 2.5 eV for CuO@ TiO2) as compared to neat TiO2 (3.36 eV). Various nitro compounds were tolerated under 150 W LED as a light source (13.9 lumens for an area of 0.2 ft2) in an aqueous medium at room temperature (30 °C) using NaBH4 as a reducing agent to access corresponding amines in satisfying yields (78%–99%). The catalyst can be separated from the reaction mixture by simple centrifugal precipitation and reused for up to six consecutive cycles without apparent loss of its catalytic activity. The products were characterized by 1H-NMR spectroscopic techniques and compared with authentic samples.
Enhanced performance of GaN-based long-wavelength blue light-emitting diodes with graphene-ITO composite film as transparent conductive electrode
Authors: Sun Jinfang , Zhang Kan , Han Yulong , Ni Chengpeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We present enhanced performance of GaN-based long-wavelength blue light emitting diodes (LEDs) with hybrid transparent conductive electrodes (TCE) made of graphene and indium tin oxide (ITO) composite. The nearly 100% transmittance TCE were gained when graphene grown by chemical-vapor-deposition was annealed with ITO on the top of it. Compared to conventional LEDs, the work voltage was reduced to 3.5 V at 5 mA forward current. The light emission power was improved about 190%. The good peformance can be attributed to the improved lateral current spreading over the composite graphene-ITO TCE before p-GaN layer injected by carriers.
Facile preparation of hydroxyl−functionalized mica nanosheets assisted by plasma treatment
Authors: Ye Zequan , Zhang Yumin , Xiao Xinzhe , Liu Sheng , Gu Lin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The efficient exfoliation of mica, a naturally layered material, into two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets has received much attention due to its low price, good chemical stability, and better shielding function against UV light. However, fast and simple exfoliation of mica in a large-scale face a great challenge. In this work, we developed a simple and effective method for obtaining OH−functionalized mica nanosheets (MNs). The process involved calcination, plasma treatment, and ultrasonic exfoliation, resulting in a yield of 7.535%. Furthermore, the effects of sonication time, solvent type and particle sizes of mica were investigated. The conditions for the preparation of MNs were determined: mica calcination, plasma treatment, and sonication in ethanol for 5 h. XPS and FT−IR demonstrated that more hydroxyl groups were introduced to mica after the plasma treatment, which facilitated the exfoliation of mica.
New horizons in the role of digital data in the healthcare of older people
Authors: Masoli Jane A H , Todd Oliver , Burton Jennifer K , Wolff Christopher , Walesby Katherine E , Hewitt Jonathan , Conroy Simon , van Oppen James , Wilkinson Chris , Evans Ruth , Anand Atul , Hollinghurst Joe , Bhanu Cini , Keevil Victoria L , Vardy Emma R L C ,   The Geridata Group, Anand Atul , Burton Jennifer Kirsty , Bhanu Cini , Butler Matthew , Clegg Andrew , Collins Jemima Tunung , Conroy Simon , Dodds Richard , Evans Ruth , Harrison Stephanie , Hewitt Jonathan , Hollinghurst Joe , Jones Daniel , Keevil Victoria L , Masoli Jane , Mitchell Lara , van Oppen James , Osterdahl Marc , Quinn Terry , Todd Oliver , Vardy Emma , Walesby Katherine , Wilkinson Chris 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

There are national and global moves to improve effective digital data design and application in healthcare. This New Horizons commentary describes the role of digital data in healthcare of the ageing population. We outline how health and social care professionals can engage in the proactive design of digital systems that appropriately serve people as they age, carers and the workforce that supports them.

Key Points
Healthcare improvements have resulted in increased population longevity and hence multimorbidity. Shared care records to improve communication and information continuity across care settings hold potential for older people. Data structure and coding are key considerations. A workforce with expertise in caring for older people with relevant knowledge and skills in digital healthcare is important.
An Overview of Surgical Approaches for Lower Eyelid Blepharoplasty
Authors: Nahai Farzad , Niazi Feizollah , Nahai Foad , Niazi Sana , Foster Jill A , Doroodgar Farideh , Baradaran-Rafii Alireza , Rashidi Vania 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Age-related changes in the lower eyelid are noticed by patients as bags or circles under the eye, a tired look, and a flattened face. Lower eyelid blepharoplasty, in which the excess skin and/or orbital fat is excised and repositioned, is mainly performed for aesthetic reasons rather than the correction of functional abnormalities. Favorable outcomes for the combination of these approaches have been reported, but the most suitable surgical technique is still debated. This systematic narrative review deals with the indications, preoperative considerations, operative techniques, and complications of several different surgical approaches to lower eyelid blepharoplasty.

Level of Evidence: 3
Sophocles’ Antigone and Chinese Opera (xiqu): a discussion of hybridized and indigenized adaptations
Authors: Rongnyu Chen , Huiqin Li 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Sophocles’ Antigone has been the subject of numerous adaptations. Among these are two xiqu (Chinese opera) adaptations of Antigone, Hebei bangzi (Hebei clapper opera) Thebes City (2002) and jingju (Peking opera) Mingyue and Zihan (2015). This article compares these two works and the different ways that they adapt the text. The first strategy for adaptation is ‘hybridization’ in which the work is adapted and transformed according to local generic conventions and expectations, but a number of foreign elements remain. A second strategy is ‘indigenization’ in which the work is thoroughly assimilated into the local cultural form, and there are effectively no foreign elements. Both these strategies can be observed in looking at these Chinese adaptations of Antigone. After comparative discussion of the two xiqus, the article focuses on Thebes City, looking at the way that it combines the history and culture of ancient China with ancient Greece as well as the way in which it engages with Chinese culture through its depiction of ghosts. This element is singled out because it provides a mature example of hybridization at work. From discussions of these productions of Antigone, three key points emerge. The first is that adaptions of Greek drama in xiqu privilege creativity and performability over fidelity to an original text. The second is that when operatic conventions of xiqu are observed, the work is more likely to succeed. This seems to be the case with the tremendous local success of Thebes City. Thirdly, it is worth observing that the hybridized mode which is adopted in Thebes City is the most difficult to succeed with as it requires balancing diverse elements. Thebes City’s admirable success lies in its ability to achieve ‘harmony in diversity’.
Assessing acceptability of wild and cultivated hosts of Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) under semifield conditions
Authors: Nixon Laura J , Barnes Caitlin , Leskey Tracy C 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Lycorma delicatula White (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) is an invasive phloem feeder with a broad host range that includes both hardwood trees and cultivated temperate fruit crops. Here, we evaluated acceptability of wild hosts, A. altissima and Juglans nigra L. (Fagales: Juglandaceae) and cultivated hosts Vitis vinifera, Malus domestica (Rosales: Rosaceae), and Prunus persica L. Batsch (Rosales: Rosaceae) to L. delicatula under field conditions. Fluorescent-marked early instar nymphs, late instar nymphs, or adult L. delicatula were released at the base of single potted host plants and the number of individuals retained was recorded over 24 h. Paired choice trials with A. altissima and another host plant were conducted. Individuals retained on or moving between plants were recorded over 24 h. Sentinel A. altissima, J. nigra, V. vinifera, M. domestica, and P. persica potted plants were deployed at 5 sites and the number of L. delicatula present on each plant was recorded weekly. In single and paired host trials, early instars and adults were generally retained in higher numbers on A. altissima and V. vinifera, and late instars were retained on A. altissima and J. nigra. Significantly more L. delicatula were present on sentinel A. altissima compared with other host plants, except J. nigra during the period when late instars were the most prevalent lifestage in the field. These results indicate that wild hosts such as A. altissima and J. nigra are likely supporting establishment of L. delicatula populations, and that presence of cultivated V. vinifera may contribute to population establishment and growth.
How robust are recommended waiting times to pacing after cardiac surgery that are derived from observational data?
Authors: Tindale Alexander , Cretu Ioana , Haynes Ross , Gomez Naomi , Bhudia Sunil , Lane Rebecca , Mason Mark J , Francis Darrel P 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
For bradycardic patients after cardiac surgery, it is unknown how long to wait before implanting a permanent pacemaker (PPM). Current recommendations vary and are based on observational studies. This study aims to examine why this variation may exist.

Methods and results
We conducted first a study of patients in our institution and second a systematic review of studies examining conduction disturbance and pacing after cardiac surgery. Of 5849 operations over a 6-year period, 103 (1.8%) patients required PPM implantation. Only pacing dependence at implant and time from surgery to implant were associated with 30-day pacing dependence. The only predictor of regression of pacing dependence was time from surgery to implant. We then applied the conventional procedure of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, seeking an optimal time point for decision-making. This suggested the optimal waiting time was 12.5 days for predicting pacing dependence at 30 days for all patients (area under the ROC curve (AUC) 0.620, P = 0.031) and for predicting regression of pacing dependence in patients who were pacing-dependent at implant (AUC 0.769, P &lt; 0.001). However, our systematic review showed that recommended optimal decision-making time points were strongly correlated with the average implant time point of those individual studies (R = 0.96, P &lt; 0.001). We further conducted modelling which revealed that in any such study, the ROC method is strongly biased to indicate a value near to the median time to implant as optimal.

Conclusion
When commonly used automated statistical methods are applied to observational data with the aim of defining the optimal time to pacing after cardiac surgery, the suggested answer is likely to be similar to the average time to pacing in that cohort.