bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Adding Acetaminophen to Preemptive Multimodal Analgesia in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Double‐blinded Randomized Study
Authors: Wang Qiuru , Ma Ting , Wang Liying , Zhao Chengcheng , Kang Pengde 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivePreemptive multimodal analgesia is a frequently utilized method for controlling pain after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). So far, no studies have specifically examined the efficacy of adding acetaminophen to preemptive multimodal analgesia in TKA. The current work aimed to assess the efficacy of adding acetaminophen to preemptive multimodal analgesia for clinical pain management after TKA.MethodsThis was a double‐blinded randomized study including 80 cases randomized to the acetaminophen and control groups, respectively. The acetaminophen group was administered celecoxib at 400 mg, pregabalin at 150 mg, and acetaminophen at 300 mg 2 h before TKA. Control patients were administered celecoxib, pregabalin, and placebo. The primary outcome was postsurgical use of morphine hydrochloride for rescue analgesia. Secondary outcomes included the time to the initial rescue analgesia, postsurgical pain as determined by a visual analogue scale (VAS), functional recovery as reflected by the range of knee motion and ambulation distance, hospitalization duration, and complication rates. Continuous data with normal and skewed distributions were compared by the Student's t test and the Mann–Whitney U test, respectively. Categorical variables were compared by the Pearson's chi‐squared test.ResultsThe control and acetaminophen groups were comparable in postoperative 0–24 h morphine consumption (11.3 ± 6.5 mg vs 12.3 ± 7.7 mg, P = 0.445) and total morphine consumption (17.3 ± 10.1 mg vs 19.3 ± 9.4 mg, P = 0.242). Additionally, time to the initial rescue analgesia, postoperative VAS score at any time point, postoperative functional recovery of the knee, and hospitalization duration were similar in both groups. Both groups also had similar occurrence rates of postoperative complications.ConclusionsIn this study, adding acetaminophen to preoperative preemptive multimodal analgesia did not decrease postoperative morphine use or ameliorate pain relief. The efficacy of adding acetaminophen to preemptive multimodal analgesia in TKA need to be further explored in future studies.
Effect of central venous pressure on fluid delivery during start‐up of syringe infusion pumps for microinfusion
Authors: Weiss Markus , Wendel‐Garcia Pedro David , Cannizzaro Vincenzo , Buehler Philipp K. , Kleine‐Brueggeney Maren 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntravenous administration of highly concentrated and potent drugs at low flow rates is common practice, particularly in critically ill children. Drug delivery during infusion start‐up can be considerably delayed by intrinsic factors of syringe infusion pump assemblies. The impact of central venous pressures on the course of start‐up fluid delivery of such microinfusions remains unknown.MethodsInfusion volumes delivered after activation of the start button in a conventional 50 mL syringe infusion pump assembly equilibrated (representing classical in vitro testing) and not equilibrated (representing real clinical conditions) to central venous pressure levels of 0, 10 and 20 mmHg at a set infusion flow rate of 1 mL/h were measured using a fluidic flow sensor.ResultsThe experimental setup mimicking real life conditions demonstrated considerable differences in fluid delivery during pump start‐up depending on central venous pressure. A central venous pressure of 0 mmHg resulted in massive fluid delivery at infusion start‐up, while central venous pressure levels of 10 and 20 mmHg resulted in retrograde flows with related mean (95% CI) zero‐drug delivery times of 3.22 (2.98–3.46) min and 4.51 (4.33–4.69) min, respectively (p < .0001).ConclusionDepending on central venous pressure level, connection and starting a new syringe pump can result in significant antegrade or retrograde fluid volumes. In clinical practice, this can lead to hemodynamic instability and hence requires clinical alertness. Further research and methods to improve start‐up performance in syringe infusion pump systems are desirable.
Structure, function and immune evasion strategies of aquareoviruses, with focus on grass carp reovirus
Authors: Li Peng Wei , Zhang Jie , Chang Ming Xian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAquareoviruses (AqRVs) can infect various wild or cultured bony fishes with serious muscle and viscera haemorrhage syndrome and have caused severe economic losses worldwide. Accumulating evidences have revealed the functions of viral proteins of AqRVs in RNA transcription, virion assembly, cell attachment and/or viral replication. In addition, structural information and transcription mechanism of AqRVs have been in‐depth studied through cryo‐electron microscopy combined with three‐dimensional image reconstruction. Although far from enough, structural and functional studies of AqRVs provide substantial insights into how viral proteins coordinate the replication of AqRVs and escape the host immune response. Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is the most pathogenic AqRV isolated from aquatic animals. The completion of GCRV lifecycle requires the participation of host proteins. So far, many host factors involved in the entry and replication of GCRV have been identified. Based on the function of viral proteins and the viral lifecycle, many vaccines and antiviral agents have been developed to prevent the replication and infection of GCRV. This review summarises the structural characteristics and the composition of core proteins of AqRVs, as well as synergistic mechanisms of structural proteins on genome transcription and virus entry of AqRVs. In addition, the review highlights our current knowledge for the infection and replication, functions of non‐structural proteins, immune escape mechanisms, as well as the vaccines and antiviral agents of AqRVs, especially for GCRV. A better understanding of structure, function and immune evasion strategies of AqRVs will offer new targets for prevention and control of AqRVs in aquaculture.
Impact of HIV-1 Vpu-mediated downregulation of CD48 on NK-cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
Authors: Marchitto Lorie , Benlarbi Mehdi , Prévost Jérémie , Laumaea Annemarie , Descôteaux-Dinelle Jade , Medjahed Halima , Bourassa Catherine , Gendron-Lepage Gabrielle , Kirchhoff Frank , Sauter Daniel , Hahn Beatrice H. , Finzi Andrés , Richard Jonathan 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
HIV-1 evades antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses not only by controlling Env conformation and quantity at the cell surface but also by altering NK cell activation via the downmodulation of several ligands of activating and co-activating NK cell receptors. The signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family of receptors, which includes NTB-A and 2B4, act as co-activating receptors to sustain NK cell activation and cytotoxic responses. These receptors cooperate with CD16 (FcγRIII) and other activating receptors to trigger NK cell effector functions. In that context, Vpu-mediated downregulation of NTB-A on HIV-1-infected CD4 T cells was shown to prevent NK cell degranulation via an homophilic interaction, thus contributing to ADCC evasion. However, less is known on the capacity of HIV-1 to evade 2B4-mediated NK cell activation and ADCC. Here, we show that HIV-1 downregulates the ligand of 2B4, CD48, from the surface of infected cells in a Vpu-dependent manner. This activity is conserved among Vpu proteins from the HIV-1/SIVcpz lineage and depends on conserved residues located in its transmembrane domain and dual phosphoserine motif. We show that NTB-A and 2B4 stimulate CD16-mediated NK cell degranulation and contribute to ADCC responses directed to HIV-1-infected cells to the same extent. Our results suggest that HIV-1 has evolved to downmodulate the ligands of both SLAM receptors to evade ADCC.

IMPORTANCE
Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) can contribute to the elimination of HIV-1-infected cells and HIV-1 reservoirs. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms used by HIV-1 to evade ADCC might help develop novel approaches to reduce the viral reservoirs. Members of the signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) family of receptors, such as NTB-A and 2B4, play a key role in stimulating NK cell effector functions, including ADCC. Here, we show that Vpu downmodulates CD48, the ligand of 2B4, and this contributes to protect HIV-1-infected cells from ADCC. Our results highlight the importance of the virus to prevent the triggering of the SLAM receptors to evade ADCC.
Supplemental Material: Field calibration of <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar K-feldspar multiple diffusion domain (MDD) thermal histories at the Grayback normal fault block, Arizona
Authors: Wong Martin S. , al. et 
Published: July 2023

<p>Sample collection and processing, <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar analyses, modeling procedure, Tables S1–S8, and Figures S1–S10. </p>
How to solve a clinical conundrum: Have you tried a trio exome analysis?
Authors: Beal Felicity , Coward Richard , Platt Caroline 
Published: July 2023

The following report describes the clinical journey of a 5-month-old male infant who presented with a significant kidney injury following a diarrhoeal illness. His course was complicated by severe hypertension and a number of acute life-threatening events necessitating periods of time on the intensive care unit, where he received ventilatory support and underwent renal replacement therapy and treatment with a monoclonal antibody therapy.We take the reader on a stepwise journey from presentation through to final diagnosis, discussing important biochemical, haematological and radiological features where learning points are discussed. Guidance on the use of genomic testing strategies for the non-geneticist is provided in some detail with a particular focus on the trio exome analysis that identified the diagnosis for this young boy.This complex case not only provides a number of excellent learning opportunities but also highlights the importance of early involvement of the clinical genetics team and the relevance of the trio exome analysis for rapid identification of rare monogenic diseases.
Variation in the rate of detection of minute and small early gastric cancers at diagnostic endoscopy may reflect the performance of individual endoscopists
Authors: Murakami Daisuke , Yamato Masayuki , Amano Yuji , Nishino Takayoshi , Arai Makoto 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe documented variation in gastric cancer (GC) detection among endoscopists has often been dismissed as a coincidental artefact of the low incidence of gastric neoplasms; it is not considered associated with differences in physicians’ performance of the esophagogastroduodenoscopy procedure. This study is to confirm whether significant variations among endoscopists in early GC detection suggest the individual performance of the upper endoscopy.DesignA retrospective observational study at a single centre in Japan assessed the results of 218 early GCs detected during 25 688 routine esophagogastroduodenoscopies by 12 endoscopists. The main outcome was the rate of early GC detection for each endoscopist under the same circumstances. Other measures included the major diameters and locations of the lesions,Helicobacter pyloriinfection status, and baseline patient characteristics that could affect the prevalence of GC.ResultsThe early GC detection rates exhibited wide variation among endoscopists (0.09%–2.87%) despite performing routine esophagogastroduodenoscopies in a population with a similar background. Endoscopists were assigned to a low-detection group (n=6; detection rate: 0.47% (range: 0.09%–0.55%)) and a high-detection group (n=5; detection rate: 0.83% (range: 0.63%–1.12%)), with the single highest detector analysed separately due to his distinct detection rate (2.87%). Endoscopists in the high-detection group had better detection rates for minute (major diameter ≤5 mm) and small (major diameter 6–10 mm) GCs than the low-detection group (0.19%/0.23% vs 0.085%/0.098%). These differences were significant (p<0.01), although there were no significant differences in detection of larger tumours (major diameter ≥11 mm; 0.40% vs 0.28%; p=0.13). The tumour location andH. pyloristatus were similar in the low-detection group, high-detection group and for the highest detector.ConclusionSignificant variation in the detection of hard-to-find, smaller GCs may reflect individual performance of the examination.
Wasting and its associated factors among children aged from 6 to 59 months in Debre Tabor town, Amhara region of Ethiopia, 2019: a multicentre community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Getu Bisrat Dessie , Azanaw Kefyalew Amogne , Zimamu Libsuye Yalgaw , Adal Gashaw Mekete , Tibebu Nigusie Selomon , Emiru Tigabu Desie , Atalell Kendalem Asmare 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesWasting is acute malnutrition that has harmful short-term consequences for children and is determined by an inadequate diet. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of wasting among children aged 6–59 months in Debre Tabor town, Ethiopia.DesignThis study was a community-based cross-sectional.SettingThe study was conducted at Debre Tabor town, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 436 children aged 6–59 months participants were enrolled.Outcome measuresA weight-for-height z-score, which is below −2 SD of the WHO median standard curve, was used to measure wasting. Logistic regression analyses were done to see which independent variables have an association with the dependent variable and a p value of <0.05 was considered significant at the 95% CI.ResultsThe result revealed that wasting in children aged 6–59 months was 6.2%. Children in the age group of 6–11 months were 4.3 times more likely to have wasted than those in the age group of 24–59 months (adjusted OR (AOR): 4.3; 95% CI: 1.5 to 12.5). Similarly, parents who have poor wealth status in their family are 3.1 times more likely to have wasted children than those who have rich wealth status in their family (AOR: 3.1 (1.01 to 9.35)). Moreover, mothers who gave birth at the age group of 20–25 years were 4.3 times more likely to have wasted children than those who gave birth at an age group of greater than 30 years (AOR: 4.3 (4.3 (1.56 to 12.5)).ConclusionWasting is still an important public health problem for children in the age group of 6–59 months. The age of the child, the wealth status of the family, and giving birth before 20 years of age were significantly associated with wasting. Therefore, the government of Ethiopia should pay further attention to the wealth status of the family; create awareness among the mothers regarding childhood undernutrition care, and design further nutritional intervention programmes.
Measurement of and training for NCD guideline implementation in LMICs: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Faro Elissa , Adeagbo Oluwafemi , Mpinganjira Mafuno Grace , Chirwa Tobias , Matanje Beatrice , Mayige Mary , Kavishe Bazil Baltazar , Mmbaga Blandina , Francis Joel M 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionGlobally, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality with an estimated 41 million deaths (74% of all global deaths) annually. Despite the WHO’s Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs since 2013, progress on implementation of the guidelines has been slow. Although research has shown success of some NCD prevention and treatment interventions, there is a dearth of research on NCD care delivery approaches, cost-effectiveness and larger implementation research, especially in low/middle-income countries (LMICs). The objective of this scoping review is to identify the existing variation in how, why and by whom implementation of NCD guidelines is measured as part of implementation research or non-research programme improvement.Methods and analysisUsing the methods established by Arksey and O’Malley, the search strategy was developed in consultation with a research librarian together with stakeholder feedback from content experts. We will apply the search to multiple electronic databases and grey literature sources. Two reviewers will independently screen title and abstract for inclusion followed by a full-text screening and all included records will be abstracted using a standardised tool that will be piloted with a sample of articles before application to all records. We will conduct a narrative synthesis of abstracted data and simple quantitative descriptive statistics.DisseminationThe results will enable stakeholders in LMICs to leverage existing tools and resources for implementation and ongoing evaluation of NCD guidelines, to improve education and capacity building, and ultimately NCD care across the lifespan.
Differences in psychological readiness for return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament injury is evident in thigh musculature motor unit characteristics
Authors: Schilaty Nathan D , McPherson April L , Nagai Takashi , Bates Nathaniel A 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundFollowing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, many athletes that undergo surgery and 6–9 months of rehabilitation struggle to return to sport. Evidence suggests that psychological factors contribute to this failure to return-to-sport.ObjectiveDetermine the motor control relationship between thigh musculature motor unit characteristics and psychological readiness to return to sport between ACL-injured and healthy controls.Study designA longitudinal cohort study.MethodsAthletes longitudinally completed the ACL Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) survey and isometric strength measures with a measurement of electromyography (EMG) of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus. A score cut-off of 61 on the ACL-RSI was used to divide ACL-injured groups. EMG was decomposed to provide each identified motor unit’s characteristics (amplitude, average firing rate, etc).ResultsData demonstrated increased average firing rate for hamstrings (p<0.001), decreased average firing rate for vastus lateralis (p<0.001) and decreased motor unit size for both the quadriceps and hamstrings at return-to-sport post-ACL reconstruction compared with sex-matched and age-matched healthy controls (p<0.001). Furthermore, there were marked differences in disparate ACL-RSI scores between ACL-injured athletes.ConclusionsAt return to sport, ACL-injured athletes have major alterations of thigh musculature motor control, with smaller motor units used by those with low ACL-RSI scores. This study uniquely demonstrates objective thigh muscle motor unit characteristics that coincide with subjective reports of psychological readiness. This information will be important to address psychomotor complexes of injury for future rehabilitation protocols.
Do fatty lesions explain the effect of inflammation on new syndesmophytes in patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis? Results from the SIAS cohort and ASSERT trial
Authors: Stal Rosalinde , Ramiro Sofia , van der Heijde Desirée , van Gaalen Floris A , Baraliakos Xenofon , Machado Pedro M , de Hooge Manouk , van den Berg Rosaline , Reijnierse Monique , Braun Juergen , Landewé Robert , Sepriano Alexandre 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo determine how much of the effect of vertebral corner inflammation on development of syndesmophytes is explained by vertebral corner fat deposition.MethodsPatients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) from the SIAS (Sensitive Imaging in Ankylosing Spondylitis) cohort and ASSERT (Ankylosing Spondylitis Study for the Evaluation of Recombinant Infliximab Therapy) trial were assessed at T0, T1 (SIAS: 1 year; ASSERT: 24 weeks) and T2 (2 years). Syndesmophytes assessed in each vertebral corner by whole spine low-dose CT (SIAS) or spinal radiographs (ASSERT) at T0 and T2 were considered present if seen by two of two readers. Inflammation (T0) and fat deposition (T0 and T1) on MRI were present if seen by ≥2 of 3 readers (SIAS) or 2 of 2 readers (ASSERT). Vertebral corners showing fat deposition or a syndesmophyte at baseline were ignored. Mediation analysis was applied to determine what proportion of the total effect of inflammation on syndesmophyte formation could be explained via the path of intermediate fat deposition.ResultsForty-nine SIAS patients (with 2667 vertebral corners) and 168 ASSERT patients (with 2918 vertebral corners) were analysed. The presence of inflammation at T0 increased the probability of a new syndesmophyte in the same vertebral corner at T2 by 9.3%. Of this total effect, 0.2% (2% (0.2 of 9.3) of the total effect) went via intermediate new fat deposition. In ASSERT, the total effect was 7.3%, of which 0.8% (10% of the total effect) went via new fat deposition.ConclusionIn r-axSpA, vertebral corner inflammation may lead to syndesmophyte formation but in a minority of cases via visible fat deposition.
Inelastic N$$_2$$+H$$_2$$ collisions and quantum-classical rate coefficients: large datasets and machine learning predictions
Authors: Hong Qizhen , Storchi Loriano , Bartolomei Massimiliano , Pirani Fernando , Sun Quanhua , Coletti Cecilia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Rate coefficients for vibrational energy transfer are calculated for collisions between molecular nitrogen and hydrogen in a wide range of temperature and of initial vibrational states ($$v\le 40$$

v
≤
40

for N$$_2$$

2

and $$w\le 10$$

w
≤
10

for H$$_2$$

2

). These data are needed for the modelling of discharges in N$$_2$$

2

/H$$_2$$

2

plasma or of atmospheric and interstellar medium chemistry in different temperature ranges. The calculations were performed by a mixed quantum-classical method, to recover quantum effects associated with the vibrational motion, on a refined potential energy surface. The obtained rates present striking discrepancies with those evaluated by first-order perturbation theories, like the SSH (Schwartz, Slavsky, Herzfeld) theory, which are often adopted in kinetic modelling. In addition, we present a detailed, though preliminary, analysis on the performance of different Machine Learning models based on the Gaussian Process or Neural Network techniques to produce complete datasets of inelastic scattering rate coefficients. Eventually, by using the selected models, we give the complete dataset (i.e., covering the whole vibrational ladder) of rate coefficients for the $$\textrm{N}_2(v)+\textrm{H}_2(0) \longrightarrow \textrm{N}_2(v-\Delta v)+\textrm{H}_2(0)$$

N
2

(
v
)

+

H
2

(
0
)

⟶

N
2

(
v
-
Δ
v
)

+

H
2

(
0
)

, $$\Delta v=1,2,3$$

Δ
v
=
1
,
2
,
3

processes.

Graphical abstract