bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Degrowth and Pedagogy. Training Future Teachers in a Context of Ecological Crisis
Authors: Díez-Gutiérrez Enrique-Javier , Palomo Eva 
Published: September 2023

The initial training received in Spanish faculties of education by future teachers is influenced by the principles and approaches passed on by their lecturers and professors over the course of their programmes. This in turn will have repercussions on the schooling they provide to their future pupils. An examination was undertaken of the discourse relating to degrowth of academic staff and students at the Faculty of Education of the University of León, as a case study. This discourse was analysed through the triangulation of three research tools of a qualitative nature: interviews, discussion groups, and a documentary review of teaching guides for subjects taught in that faculty. The results show that university teaching staff tends to reproduce models linked to the predominant neoliberal discourse. Although the study has limitations due to the small sample size used in a case study, it is believed that its outcomes may be transferable to other university contexts. The conclusion is that there is an urgent need to provide training in degrowth to the teaching staff of faculties of education if there is to by education in a model of degrowth allowing future generations to inherit a sustainable planet.
Veganism’s Anti-Anthropocentric Capacity. A Critical Analysis of the Advocacy Discourse of Three Prominent Vegan Organisations
Authors: Gough Louis 
Published: September 2023

Anthropocentrism has been identified as a root cause of nonhuman animal and intrahuman oppressions and the environmental crisis. Veganism has been celebrated as a philosophy and practice capable of undermining anthropocentrism, yet the anti-anthropocentric capacity of vegan advocacy is understudied. The current research provides a critical analysis of the online advocacy discourse of three prominent vegan organisations – The Vegan Society, PETA, and Viva! – elucidating areas of anthropocentric reinforcement and subversion in correspondence to the conceptual characteristics of anthropocentrism: human-centred narcissism and exceptionalism, the perceived human/animal dichotomy, and a corresponding moral hierarchy that exalts particular understandings of the “human” to the detriment of all considered other-than (Calarco 2014). Given the interconnectedness of nonhuman and human oppressions and importance of decentring the anthropocentric conception of the “human”, the intersectional strengths and shortcomings of the organisations’ vegan advocacy is additionally considered, with many areas of needed improvement being highlighted. The article contributes to research on vegan/nonhuman animal rights advocacy and social movement communication, and facilitates the future production of anti-anthropocentric, intersectional, vegan advocacy campaigns.
Language as Gesture and Giggling Rats
Authors: Rodriguez Randall 
Published: September 2023

The use of language is frequently cited as a metric for moral consideration. This metric is typically a tool to exclude animal being from the realm of ethics or to promote human exceptionalism. Maurice Merleau-Ponty claims language is a gesture with varying degrees of complexity. Many animal beings use gesture to convey meaning complex and abstract enough to qualify as language according to Merleau-Ponty’s parameters. Rats, despite being thought of as vermin and of a lower order, are some of the beings that convey abstract and complex meaning through gesture. Rats play, work, socialize, communicate meaning, and even laugh. Rats, along with human and many other animal beings use language and should be usured into the realm of moral consideration with any and all language using beings. If not, some other metric for exclusion would have to be adopted.
Comparison of ultrasonic shear wave elastography, AngioPLUS planewave ultrasensitive imaging, and optimized high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating carotid plaque stability
Authors: Zhang Shaoqin , Jiang Shuyan , Wang Chunye , Han Chao 
Published: September 2023

Objective
This study aimed to compare the efficiency of evaluating carotid plaque stability using ultrasonic shear wave elastography (SWE), AngioPLUS planewave ultrasensitive imaging (AP), and optimized high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods
A total of 100 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy at our hospital from October 2019 to August 2022 were enrolled. Based on the final clinical diagnosis, these patients were divided into vulnerable (n = 62) and stable (n = 38) plaque groups. All patients were examined using ultrasound SWE, AP, and optimized high-resolution MRI before surgery. The clinical data and ultrasound characteristics of patients of the two groups were compared. Considering the final clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of SWE, AP, high-resolution MRI, and the final clinical diagnosis of vulnerable plaque were calculated. Pearson’s correlation test was used to analyze the correlations of AP, SWE, and MRI results with the grading results of carotid artery stenosis.

Results
Statistically significant differences were noticed in terms of the history of smoking and coronary heart disease, plaque thickness, surface rules, calcified nodules, low echo area, and the degree of carotid artery stenosis between the two groups (P < 0.05). Considering the final clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of SWE-based detection of carotid artery vulnerability were 87.10% (54/62), 76.32% (29/38), 85.71% (54/63) and 78.38% (29/37), respectively, showing a general consistency with the final clinical results (Kappa = 0.637, P < 0.05). Considering the final clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of AP-based detection of carotid artery vulnerability were 93.55% (58/62), 84.21% (32/38), 90.63% (58/64), and 88.89% (32/36), respectively, which agreed with the final clinical detection results (Kappa = 0.786, P < 0.05). Considering the final clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of high-resolution MRI-based detection of carotid artery vulnerability were 88.71% (55/62), 78.95% (30/38), 87.30% (55/63), and 81.08% (30/37), respectively, showing consistency with the final clinical results (Kappa = 0.680, P < 0.05). AP, SWE, and MRI results were positively correlated with the results of carotid artery stenosis grading (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
AP technology is a non-invasive, inexpensive, and highly sensitive method to evaluate the stability of carotid artery plaques. This method can dynamically display the flow of blood in new vessels of plaque in real time and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
An Economic Analysis of Cost of Production and Marketing Channels of Watermelon in Banaskantha District, Gujarat, India
Authors: Vaghela P. M. , Jadeja R. M. , Sadadiya C. S. , Solanki K. L. , Balas B. J. 
Published: September 2023

The objective of the study is to analyse the production costs and marketing channels of watermelon in Banaskantha District, Gujarat, India. Owing to maximum area under cultivation in the district, Deesa, Dantiwada, and Lakhani were purposefully chosen for the study. A multistage sampling method was applied and a total of 120 watermelon farmers, 20 intermediaries, and 20 consumers were selected for data collection. The basic tabular approach and the percentage method were the statistical tools used for data analysis. To estimate the cost of cultivation of the watermelon crop, the cost concept was applied. The marketing effectiveness of the channel was examined using Shepherd's and Acharya's approaches. The watermelon cultivation required a total of 78 man days of labour, including 58 family labours and 20 hired labours. Cost A was ₹19671.95, Cost B was ₹17172.05, and Cost C1 was ₹186087.15, for a total cultivation cost (cost C2) per hectare of ₹204695.87. This resulted in the overall cost of production per quintal of ₹537.82. According to the findings, the majority of farmers (61.67%) sell to contractors, followed by retailers (22.50%) and direct customers (15.83%). It was found that channel I had the highest marketing efficiency (Shepherd's method) i.e., 33.67, followed by channel II with 9.87 and channel III with 5.97. The most effective channel in terms of marketing efficiency (Acharya's method) was channel I, with an efficiency of 33.67, followed by channels II and III with an efficiency of 1.33 and 0.76 respectively. This demonstrated that watermelon farming was profitable in the research area.
An Update of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitative Measures in Long-COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sattar Lubna , Amanze Ngozi , Eshete Filagot D. , Ugwuja Ferdinand , Abdelwahed Ahmed R. , Okonkwo Chijioke , Shahnoor Husna , Adekoya Halimah Aderinsola , Gadireddi Durgaprasad , Louise-Oluwasanmi Olusayo , Mubasher Sidra Shahid , Osamede Agho , Humayun Ghulam Muhammad , Mejia Isabella Vittorino , Batti Patrick 
Published: September 2023

Background: The long-term effects of COVID-19 on patients have become an emergent concern. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of various post-acute care interventions for COVID-19 patients.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines across three databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The studies were independently evaluated by two reviewers based on their relevance to the research question, which pertains to the effectiveness of interventions such as home-based pulmonary rehabilitation, inspiratory muscle training, pharmacological treatments, and novel technological methods.
Results: Our review included seven studies, each demonstrating improvement in physical and respiratory function, as well as in quality of life, following diverse interventions. Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation, with and without telecoaching, appeared to improve functional outcomes and decrease dyspnea and fatigue. Pharmacological interventions, such as Treamid, showed promise, particularly in women. EMG-driven rehabilitation robots demonstrated feasibility and safety, while H2 inhalation may also be a viable approach.
Conclusion: Post-acute care interventions, tailored to individual patient needs, can potentially improve health outcomes in COVID-19 patients. However, the heterogeneity of the included studies necessitates further large-scale randomized controlled trials to definitively ascertain the effectiveness of these interventions.
Isolation and Molecular Detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Children Affected by Pneumonia in Dinajpur District, Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Md. Ashikur , Begum Mst. Deloara , Afroz Farzana , Rahman Md. Khalechur 
Published: September 2023

The study was conducted to isolate and identify Klebsiella pneumoniae from children affected by pneumonia in Dinajpur district. This research includes sample collection from pneumonia affected children, isolation and identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae from those samples, molecular detection and antibiotic sensitivity of the identified bacteria. In this research, the samples were collected from nasal secretion of children between 6 months to 10 years old. Then isolation, identification and molecular characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae from those samples were done. The collection of samples and research work was carried out from May, 2020 to April, 2021. All research work was performed in the Bacteriology laboratory of Microbiology Department, HSTU, Dinajpur. To conduct the study, a total 60 samples were collected from 4 different hospitals in Dinajpur district. Then the samples were brought to the Bacteriology laboratory, Department of Microbiology, HSTU and divided into 5 age category. These samples were then processed and cultural tests were performed in various differential and selective media. Then selected samples were chosen for biochemical tests. After analysing biochemical test results, further selected samples were passed for molecular test to identify the presence of Klebsiella pneumoniae. At last antibiotic sensitivity tests were performed.
In this test, specific primer for Klebsiella pneumoniae was used to detect the presence of bacteria in the samples. After the cultural, biochemical and molecular tests, total 7 (11.66%) samples were positive among 60 isolates. Among those samples, 2 samples were positive between 6 months to 1 year age for the detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae which is around 14.28%, 2 samples were positive between 1 year to 3 years age which is around 15.38%, 1 sample was positive between 3 years to 5 years age which is around 10%, 1 sample was positive between 5 years to 7 years age which is around 8.33% and 1 sample was positive between 7 years to 10 years age which is around 9.09%. Then molecular detection was done by performing PCR test using specific primer for Klebsiella pneumoniae. At last antibiotic sensitivity test was performed which shows that Klebsiella pneumoniae is resistant to Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Doxycycline, Erythromycin, Penicillin G and sensitive to Gentamicin, Streptomycin, Azithromycin, Levofloxacin, Tetracycline, Neomycin. All the results resemble recent studies as it is a normal inhabitant of human nosocomial pathway but it holds potential threats for children because in immunocompromised condition, infections can be occurred by Klebsiella pneumoniae which can lead to serious illness becoming more and more resistant to antibiotics.
Life conditions of people living with HIV in a city of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / Condições de vida de pessoas vivendo com HIV em um município do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Maria Ines , Souza Fabiana Barros Assumpção de 
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: discorrer sobre as condições de vida das pessoas vivendo com HIV em um município do estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Método: estudo do tipo transversal, descritivo, de natureza qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi através de entrevistas, sendo os achados submetidos à técnica de análise de conteúdo. A amostra foi composta por pessoas vivendo com HIV que eram abordados no momento que compareciam ao serviço de assistência especializada, sendo definida uma amostra de 20 participantes por técnica de saturação. Resultado: emergiram categorias com base nos temas abordados na entrevista relacionados à qualidade de vida (condição de alimentação, atividade física, lazer, religião e satisfação com a vida sexual) e à experiência de viver com HIV. Conclusão: as pessoas vivendo com HIV, em tratamento antirretroviral, podem usufruir de boas condições de vida tendo como principal fator impeditivo o medo de vivenciar situações de estigma e discriminação.
Working conditions and depressive symptomatology in intensive care nurses during the Covid-19 pandemic / Condições de trabalho e sintomatologia depressiva em enfermeiros intensivistas durante a pandemia Covid-19
Authors: Zucoloto Giovanni Roberto , Marcolan João Fernando 
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: analisar condições de trabalho associadas sintomatologia depressiva em enfermeiras intensivistas na pandemia COVID-19. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, análise de conteúdo; com enfermeiras de UTIs de hospital de São Paulo/SP; entrevista por questionário semiestruturado. Resultados: 68 participantes de 9 UTIs, maioria feminino, 28-45 anos, tempo de formação, atuação na instituição, experiência na UTI na instituição, experiência na enfermagem UTI entre 1-8 anos; não possuía outro emprego; carga horária semanal 38 - 60 h -mais; 10 com diagnóstico prévio para depressão, 16 com depressão leve, moderada. Condições de trabalho relacionadas sintomatologia depressiva: sobrecarga por intensidade da carga laboral e admissão emergencial de profissionais não capacitados em UTI; chefia ausente; colegas sem interesse; impotência/sofrimento pelos pacientes, óbitos; falta de material; medo infectar familiares; discriminação familiar por ser linha de frente; medo infectar-se. Influência negativa na assistência prestada. Considerações finais: sintomatologia depressiva associada às condições inadequadas de trabalho nas UTIs, agravadas pela pandemia COVID-19.
Mitochondrial Artificial K+ Channel Construction Using MPTPP@5F8 Nanoparticles for Overcoming Cancer Drug Resistance via Disrupting Cellular Ion Homeostasis
Authors: Ma Panqin , Luo Zheng , Li Zhiguo , Lin Yuchao , Li Zibiao , Wu Zhen , Ren Changliang , Wu Yun‐Long 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMitochondrial potassium ion channels have become a promising target for cancer therapy. However, in malignant tumors, their low expression or inhibitory regulation typically leads to undesired cancer therapy, or even induces drug resistance. Herein, this work develops an in situ mitochondria‐targeted artificial K+ channel construction strategy, with the purpose to trigger cancer cell apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial ion homeostasis. Considering the fact that cancer cells have a lower membrane potential than that of normal cells, this strategy can selectively deliver artificial K+ channel molecule 5F8 to the mitochondria of cancer cells, by using a mitochondria‐targeting triphenylphosphine (TPP) modified block polymer (MPTPP) as a carrier. More importantly, 5F8 can further specifically form a K+‐selective ion channel through the directional assembly of crown ethers on the mitochondrial membrane, thereby inducing mitochondrial K+ influx and disrupting ions homeostasis. Thanks to this design, mitochondrial dysfunction, including decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, downregulated antiapoptotic BCL‐2 and MCL‐1 protein levels, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, can further effectively induce the programmed apoptosis of multidrug‐resistant cancer cells, no matter in case of pump or nonpump dependent drug resistance. In short, this mitochondria‐targeted artificial K+‐selective ion channel construction strategy may be beneficial for potential drug resistance cancer therapy.
Recent Development of Copper‐Based Nanozymes for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Yu Xin , Wang Yawen , Zhang Jian , Liu Jing , Wang Aizhu , Ding Longhua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCopper (Cu), an indispensable trace element within the human body, serving as an intrinsic constituent of numerous natural enzymes, carrying out vital biological functions. Furthermore, nanomaterials exhibiting enzyme‐mimicking properties, commonly known as nanozymes, possess distinct advantages over their natural enzyme counterparts, including cost‐effectiveness, enhanced stability, and adjustable performance. These advantageous attributes have captivated the attention of researchers, inspiring them to devise various Cu‐based nanomaterials, such as copper oxide, Cu metal‐organic framework, and CuS, and explore their potential in enzymatic catalysis. This comprehensive review encapsulates the most recent advancements in Cu‐based nanozymes, illuminating their applications in the realm of biochemistry. Initially, it is delved into the emulation of typical enzyme types achieved by Cu‐based nanomaterials. Subsequently, the latest breakthroughs concerning Cu‐based nanozymes in biochemical sensing, bacterial inhibition, cancer therapy, and neurodegenerative diseases treatment is discussed. Within this segment, it is also explored the modulation of Cu‐based nanozyme activity. Finally, a visionary outlook for the future development of Cu‐based nanozymes is presented.
Photoacoustic Imaging Endometriosis Lesions with Nanoparticulate Polydopamine as a Contrast Agent
Authors: Lv Quanjie , Zhang Yili , Yang Ruihao , Dai Yingfan , Lin Yu , Sun Kang , Xu Hong , Tao Ke 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEndometriosis (EM) is a prevalent and debilitating gynecological disorder primarily affecting women of reproductive age. The diagnosis of EM is historically hampered by delays, owing to the absence of reliable diagnostic and monitoring techniques. Herein, it is reported that photoacoustic imaging can be a noninvasive modality for deep‐seated EM by employing a hyaluronic‐acid‐modified polydopamine (PDA@HA) nanoparticle as the contrast agent. The PDA@HA nanoparticles exhibit inherent absorption and photothermal effects when exposed to near‐infrared light, proficiently converting thermal energy into sound waves. Leveraging the targeting properties of HA, distinct photoacoustic signals emanating from the periphery of orthotopic EM lesions are observed. These findings are corroborated through anatomical observations and in vivo experiments involving mice with green fluorescent protein‐labeled EM lesions. Moreover, the changes in photoacoustic intensity over a 24 h period reflect the dynamic evolution of PDA@HA nanoparticle biodistribution. Through the utilization of a photoacoustic ultrasound modality, in vivo assessments of EM lesion volumes are conducted. This innovative approach not only facilitates real‐time monitoring of the therapeutic kinetics of candidate drugs but also obviates the need for the sacrifice of experimental mice. As such, this study presents a promising avenue for enhancing the diagnosis and drug‐screening processes of EM.
ACP‐Mediated Phase Transformation for Collagen Mineralization: A New Understanding of the Mechanism
Authors: Shan Songzhe , Tang Zhenhang , Sun Kaida , Jin Wenjing , Pan Haihua , Tang Ruikang , Yin Wei , Xie Zhijian , Chen Zhuo , Shao Changyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite significant efforts utilizing advanced technologies, the contentious debate surrounding the intricate mechanism underlying collagen fibril mineralization, particularly with regard to amorphous precursor infiltration and phase transformation, persists. This work proposes an amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP)‐mediated pathway for collagen fibril mineralization and utilizing stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy technology, and has experimentally confirmed for the first time that the ACP nanoparticles can infiltrate inside collagen fibrils. Subsequently, the ACP‐mediated phase transformation occurs within collagen fibrils to form HAP crystallites, and significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the mineralized collagen fibrils compared to those achieved by the calcium phosphate ion (CPI)‐mediated mineralization and resembles the natural counterpart. Furthermore, demineralized dentin can be effectively remineralized through ACP‐mediated mineralization, leading to complete restoration of its mechanical properties. This work provides a new paradigm of collagen mineralization via particle‐mediated phase transformation, deepens the understanding of the mechanism behind the mineralization of collagen fibrils, and offers a new strategy for hard tissue repair.