bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity of ethylene di-amine and 2-hydroxybenzadehyde Schiff base and its metal complexes
Authors: Junaid Muhammad , Yan Jianhua , Qi Zhongquan , Haroon Muhammad 
Published: February 2023

A number of modern techniques have been developed for the synthesis of Schiff bases. We reported the synthesis of ethylene di-amine and 2-hydroxybenzadehyde Schiff base (SB) via the condensation method. To remove phenolic hydrogen to form Schiff base it was reacted with sodium hydroxide and then treated with M(II) chloride (M=Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni and Sn) to fabricate their respective metal complexes. The synthesis of SB metal complexes and detailed functional group characterization were validated via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. In the final SB, FT-IR results revealed a vibrational peak at 1614 cm-1, which was credited to the –C=N part. The absence of a vibration band for –OH vibration on 1613 cm-1 and the presence of a novel band in the 659 to 586 cm-1 range were due to the metal-oxygen bond, confirming the synthesis of metal complexes. The Schiff base showed high antibacterial activity against E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, S.aureus and Bacillus whereas Streptococcus was found resistant. Cu, Fe and Sn coordination improved Schiff base activity while Ni coordination did not affect the activity. Similarly, Fe and Sn complex had no effect on E. coli. In comparison with standard Ciprofloxacin, the activities of respective metal complexes were low.
KHẢO SÁT TÌNH TRẠNG THIẾU VI CHẤT VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở TRẺ SUY DINH DƯỠNG DƯỚI 5 TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2021-2022
Authors: Lê Văn Khoa , Nguyễn Huỳnh Ái Uyên , Võ Minh Thư , Nguyễn Thị Thúy Diễm , Nguyễn Bảo Châu , Trịnh Thị Hoàng Dung 
Published: February 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Tình trạng thiếu vi chất liên quan chặt chẽ với tình trạng suy dinh dưỡng của trẻ. Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: 1). Xác định mức độ suy dinh dưỡng và tình trạng thiếu vi chất của trẻ dưới 5 tuổi tại bệnh viện Nhi đồng Cần Thơ; 2) Khảo sát các yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng thiếu vi chất của trẻ suy dinh dưỡng dưới 5 tuổi. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang có phân tích trên 143 trẻ dưới 5 tuổi đến khám tại Bệnh viện Nhi Đồng Cần Thơ, thoả tiêu chuẩn từ năm 2021 đến 2022. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ suy dinh dưỡng trẻ nam nhiều hơn nữ, cao nhất là nhóm 1-3 tuổi. Tỷ lệ trẻ suy dinh dưỡng thể nhẹ cân là 62,9%, thấp còi chiếm 55,9%. Tỷ lệ thiếu vi chất đáng kể, trong đó nhiều nhất là kẽm chiếm 83,2% số trẻ suy dinh dưỡng, tiếp đến là sắt chiếm 51% và cuối cùng là canxi 42,1%. Những trẻ được bú mẹ hoàn toàn ít hơn 6 tháng có tỷ lệ giảm canxi cao. Trẻ ăn dặm từ tháng thứ 6 có tỷ lệ giảm canxi thấp hơn những trẻ không được ăn dặm từ tháng thứ 6. So với những trẻ được tiếp xúc với ánh nắng mặt trời từ 3 đến 6 tháng, những trẻ không được tiếp xúc với ánh nắng mặt trời, tiếp xúc ít hơn 3 tháng tỷ lệ trẻ giảm canxi ion hoá cao hơn. Kết luận: Chế độ bổ sung vi chất cho bà mẹ lúc mang thai và cho con bú, thời gian cho trẻ bú mẹ hoàn toàn, ăn dặm, trẻ được tiếp xúc với ánh nắng mặt trời có liên quan tới tình trạng thiếu vi chất của trẻ.
NHIỄM HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS: THỰC TRẠNG VÀ GIẢI PHÁP
Authors: Dương Mỹ Linh , Bùi Quang Nghĩa , Dương Thị Khao Ry , Hà Bảo Trân , Trần Kim Lan 
Published: February 2023

Đặt vấn đề: Nhiễm Human papillomavirus (HPV) là một bệnh lây qua đường tình dục, ước tính khoảng 50-80% phụ nữ trên thế giới có quan hệ tình dục sẽ bị nhiễm HPV trong cuộc đời. Hầu hết nhiễm HPV là thoáng qua, không triệu chứng và tự thuyên giảm, chỉ một số ít phụ nữ nhiễm HPV phát triển thành ung thư cổ tử cung khi có sự kết hợp của các đồng yếu tố. Tỷ lệ nhiễm HPV chung ở phụ nữ trên thế giới là 11,7%, dao động từ 9,4% ở khu vực Châu Á đến 11,5% khu vực Châu Mỹ; 14,2% ở khu vực Châu Âu và cao nhất là ở Châu Phi với tỷ lệ 21,1%. Tại Việt Nam tỷ lệ nhiễm HPV dao động 2,5 – 10,2%; có sự khác biệt về tỷ lệ nhiễm giữa các nhóm tuổi và khu vực cũng như tùy vào nghiên cứu tại cộng đồng hay bệnh viện. Chiến lược dự phòng UTCTC với dự phòng cấp 1 là vaccin HPV với 3 loại Cervarix, Gardasil4 và Gardasil9 có hiệu quả trong việc bảo vệ chống lại 90% trường hợp nhiễm HPV và các bệnh liên quan đến HPV; dự phòng cấp 2 là xét nghiệm phát hiện DNA-HPV cho những phụ nữ có quan hệ tình dục được thực hiện bắt đầu từ 25 tuổi; các xét nghiệm tìm DNA-HPV có độ nhạy lên tới 90 - 95%. Tỷ lệ nhiễm HPV cũng như tử vong do ung thư cổ tử cung sẽ hầu như được loại bỏ ở những quốc gia mà tỷ lệ tiêm ngừa vaccine HPV được thực hiện thường qui cho tất cả các trẻ em gái từ 12 -13 tuổi. Tỷ lệ nhiễm HPV thay đổi theo cấu trúc địa lý thế giới, tiểu vùng địa lý, tuổi trung bình của phụ nữ, thời gian, phương pháp xét nghiệm HPV; và tiêm vaccine ngừa HPV cho trẻ em gái sẽ là giải pháp tối ưu cho việc giảm tỷ lệ nhiễm HPV.
Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Breast Pathology
Authors: Liu Yueping , Han Dandan , Parwani Anil V. , Li Zaibo 
Published: February 2023

Context.—Increasing implementation of whole slide imaging together with digital workflow and advances in computing capacity enable the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in pathology, including breast pathology. Breast pathologists often face a significant workload, with diagnosis complexity, tedious repetitive tasks, and semiquantitative evaluation of biomarkers. Recent advances in developing AI algorithms have provided promising approaches to meet the demand in breast pathology.Objective.—To provide an updated review of AI in breast pathology. We examined the success and challenges of current and potential AI applications in diagnosing and grading breast carcinomas and other pathologic changes, detecting lymph node metastasis, quantifying breast cancer biomarkers, predicting prognosis and therapy response, and predicting potential molecular changes.Data Sources.—We obtained data and information by searching and reviewing literature on AI in breast pathology from PubMed and based our own experience.Conclusions.—With the increasing application in breast pathology, AI not only assists in pathology diagnosis to improve accuracy and reduce pathologists’ workload, but also provides new information in predicting prognosis and therapy response.
M.V. Kalvik Propulsion System Full Scale Tests: Bearing Instrumentation and Data
Authors: Cowper D. N. Bruce , Edgecombe M. H. , Semery P. L. 
Published: February 2023

Full scale propulsion tests were conducted on the Class 4 icebreaker M.V. Kalvik. The program executed by Fleet Technology Limited on behalf of Transport Canada, BeauDril Limited, and the Johnson Rubber Company included complete dynamic measurements of the starboard shafting system response, hull bending stresses, and structural accelerations, during ice breaking operations. Unique instrumentation was developed and employed to measure the rations in each of the two salt water lubricated rubber stern tube bearings. The instrumentation was installed when the M.V. Kalvik was drydocked August 6, 1986 to August 21, 1986.
Following the drydocking the M.V. Kalvik proceeded to Resolute Bay N.W.T, through the Prince of Wales Strait and Viscount Melville Sound. Extensive high speed digital recordings of the total staffing system response to severe ice milling were made during transiting and maneuvering in heavy in second year and multi-year ice, from August 27, 1986 to September 13, 1986.
The successful execution of the project resulted in a detail measurement of the forces on the intermediate shaft bearings and the stern tube bearings due to dynamic ice loads generated at the propeller.
Effects of weather on temperatures of the grain bin components and headspace of a 10-m diameter corrugated steel bin.
Authors:   Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 5V6 Canada, Bharathi Vimala , Jian Fuji ,   Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 5V6 Canada, Jayas Digvir ,   Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 5V6 Canada
Published: February 2023

The mean global temperatures are increasing as a result of climate change. To understand how the change in ambient weather influences the temperature of the stored grain, the temperature fluctuation patterns of the floor, roof, sidewalls, and headspace were monitored from mid-August 2019 to the end of October 2021 in Winnipeg, Canada. The bin was filled with 300 t of wheat at an initial average moisture content of 12.5 ± 0.1% (wet basis). The thermocouples were installed at 17, 9, and 12 locations on the floor, roof (outside), and sidewalls (outside) of the bin, respectively. Sixteen temperature and relative humidity sensors were installed at different locations with varying distances from the surface of the grain in the headspace. The ambient weather (air temperature (°C), relative humidity (%), barometric pressure (kPa), average solar radiation (W/m2), precipitation (mm), wind speed (m/s), and wind direction (degrees with reference to the north)) were also measured near the bin during the study period.	The temperatures of the roof, sidewalls, and headspace were influenced by the ambient temperature and solar radiation. In Year II (November 2020 – October 2021), the floor, roof, sidewalls, and headspace temperatures were higher by 2.1 ± 0.1°C, 3.9 ± 0.1°C, 3.5 ± 0.2°C, and 1.9 ± 0.1°C than that in Year I (November 2019 - October 2020), respectively. The ambient temperature increased by 1.8°C in year II, compared to year I. These results can be used in the prediction of temperatures in grain bins caused by weather changes.
Tuberculous Osteomyelitis of Mandible in a Young Child– A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Singh Renu , Pratap Singh Parihar Ajay , Reddy Prashanthi , Nikose Priyanka 
Published: February 2023

Aims: To report a case of Tuberculous osteomyelitis of mandible in a young child and highlights the difficulties in establishing diagnosis with clinical and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging findings.
Presentation of Case: A case of 8-year old child with osteomyelitis of the mandible who presented with diffuse swelling of the cheek without the evidence of any active primary foci of tuberculosis. On the basis of clinical findings and radiographic analysis, antitubercular therapy (ATT) was started and on a follow-up visit after six months, the patient showed a resolution of the mandibular lesion.
Discussion: In the oral cavity osteomyelitis commonly occurs due to an odontogenic source of infection. Tuberculosis (TB) is a worldwide public health problem, osteomyelitis due to tuberculosis infection is a rare phenomenon and jaw involvement is even rarer and usually affects older individuals.
Conclusion: Tubercular osteomyelitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis because early identification and rapid implementation of a successful regimen are crucial in minimizing morbidity and the emergence of tuberculosis.
Implementation of superficial radiation therapy (SRT) using SRT‐100 Vision™ for non‐melanoma skin cancer in a Radiation Oncology clinic
Authors: Lee Yongsook C. , Davis Stephen D. , Romaguera William , Chaswal Vibha , Tolakanahalli Ranjini , Gutierrez Alonso N. , Kalman Noah S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeThis article describes our experience in implementation of superficial radiation therapy (SRT) using SRT‐100 Vision™ for non‐melanoma skin cancer.MethodsFollowing the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group‐61 protocol, absolute output (absorbed dose to water at surface (cGy/min)) was measured for three energies (50, 70, and 100 kV) and for six applicators (1.5–5.0 cm in diameter). Percent depth dose (PDD) and profiles were also measured. Timer testing and ultrasound testing were performed. A treatment time calculation worksheet was created. Quality assurance (QA) of SRT‐100 Vision was implemented. After treatment workflow for our clinic was developed, end‐to‐end (E2E) testing was performed using a Rando phantom. Considerations for treatment using SRT‐100 Vision were made.ResultsAbsolute output (cGy/min) decreases as energy increases and applicator size decreases. Due to scatter from the applicator, PDD at depths ≤5 mm does not follow conventional trends but PDD at depths ≥15 mm increases with increasing applicator size. Profiles for the 5 cm applicator do not have strong dependence on depth except profiles at 5 mm for 50 kV. Timer/end errors are negligible for all three energies. Ultrasound images confirm allowed field of view and depth as well as no image artifacts and spatial integrity. Daily, monthly and annual QA of SRT‐100 Vision implemented in our clinic is listed in a table format. E2E testing results (<1%) demonstrate the functionality and performance of our treatment workflow. Our considerations for SRT treatment include patient, applicator size and energy selections, patient setup, and shields.ConclusionsThis article is expected to serve as guidance for Radiation Oncology and/or Dermatology clinics aspiring to initiate an SRT program in their clinics.
Ambient Electrosynthesis toward Single‐Atom Sites for Electrocatalytic Green Hydrogen Cycling
Authors: Zhao Xin , He Daping , Xia Bao Yu , Sun Yujie , You Bo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith the ultimate atomic utilization, well‐defined configuration of active sites and unique electronic properties, catalysts with single‐atom sites (SASs) exhibit appealing performance for electrocatalytic green hydrogen generation from water splitting and further utilization via hydrogen–oxygen fuel cells, such that a vast majority of synthetic strategies toward SAS‐based catalysts (SASCs) are exploited. In particular, room‐temperature electrosynthesis under atmospheric pressure offers a novel, safe, and effective route to access SASs. Herein, the recent progress in ambient electrosynthesis toward SASs for electrocatalytic sustainable hydrogen generation and utilization, and future opportunities are discussed. A systematic summary is started on three kinds of ambient electrochemically synthetic routes for SASs, including electrochemical etching (ECE), direct electrodeposition (DED), and electrochemical leaching–redeposition (ELR), associated with advanced characterization techniques. Next, their electrocatalytic applications for hydrogen energy conversion including hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, overall water splitting, and oxygen reduction reaction are reviewed. Finally, a brief conclusion and remarks on future challenges regarding further development of ambient electrosynthesis of high‐performance and cost‐effective SASCs for many other electrocatalytic applications are presented.
Lead(II) 2‐Ethylhexanoate for Simultaneous Modulated Crystallization and Surface Shielding to Boost Perovskite Solar Cell Efficiency and Stability
Authors: Yang Tengteng , Zhao Wangen , Yang Yan , Huang Wenliang , Zhao Kui , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe bulk and surface of a perovskite light‐harvesting layer are two pivotal aspects affecting its carrier transport and long‐term stability. In this work, lead(II) 2‐ethylhexanoate (LDE) is introduced via an antisolvent process into perovskite films to change the reaction kinetics of the crystallization process, resulting in a high‐quality perovskite film. Meanwhile, a carboxyl functional group with a long alkyl chain coordinates with the Pb cation, reducing the defect density related to unsaturated Pb atoms. Moreover, the long alkyl chains form a protecting layer at the surface of the perovskite film to prevent chemical attack by water and air, prolonging the lifetime of perovskite devices. Consequently, the assembled device demonstrates a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.84%. Both of the thermal and operational stability are significantly improved due to reduced ion‐migration channels.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Inspired Polystyrene‐Brush‐Based Superhigh Sulfur Content Cathodes Enable Lithium–Sulfur Cells with High Mass and Capacity Loading
Authors: Wu Jinlun , Huang Junlong , Cui Yin , Miao Dongtian , Ke Xianlan , Lu Yuheng , Wu Dingcai 
Published: February 2023

The development of highly sophisticated biomimetic models is significant yet remains challenging in the electrochemical energy storage field. Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) cells with high sulfur content and high‐sulfur‐loading cathodes are urgently required to meet the fast‐growing demand for electronic devices. Nevertheless, such cathode materials generally suffer from large sulfur agglomeration, nonporous structure, and insufficient conductivity, leading to rapid capacity decay and low sulfur utilization. Herein, inspired by rough endoplasmic reticulum, a 2D polystyrene (PS)‐brush‐based (G‐g‐PS) superhigh‐sulfur‐content (96 wt%) composite(G‐g‐sPS@S) is fabricated via the vulcanization reaction. The vulcanized PS side‐chains and their S8 composites on the nanosheet surface can efficiently provide sulfur species, and the intersheet interstitial pores can provide rapid mass‐transfer channels for redox reactions of sulfur species. Furthermore, the highly sulfophilic vulcanized PS side‐chains are able to effectively inhibit the shuttle effect of polysulfides and regulate their redox process. With these merits, the cells with G‐g‐sPS@S cathodes exhibit an ultralow decay rate of 0.02% per cycle over 400 cycles at 2 C and deliver a superior areal capacity of 12.6 mAh cm−2 even with a high sulfur loading of 10.5 mg cm−2.
Quantum Yield and Stability Improvement of Two‐Dimensional Perovskite Via a Second Fluorinated Insulator Layer
Authors: Ma Pengfei , Zhuang Yuan , Lin Hui , You Guanjun , Xu Gongjie , Cai Bin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAiming at the low luminous‐efficiency of two‐dimensional (2D) perovskite, its quantum yield (QY) and stability are effectively improved by a fluorinated second insulator layer 3,4‐difluoroaniline (F2PA) outside of the first insulator 2‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl) ethylamine (FPEA). The QY of perovskite with two insulator layers is improved by 3.4‐time in contrast with its counterpart with one insulator, which originates from the defect suppression and reduction of exciton Bohr radius by the second layer. The optical stability has extended 1.5‐time by the introduced second layer, as an isolation role for inner decomposed products to volatilize and for outer water molecules to penetrate. The perovskite with two insulator layers retained 90% of its initial optical properties in relative humidity 90%–95% atmosphere for 600 h, meanwhile only 50% for its counterpart with one layer. Two‐more fluorine with stronger hydrophobicity can account for this feature. Adding a second insulator layer is an effective strategy to engineer 2D perovskites and push forward its applications in optoelectronic devices.
Heterostructures Combining Upconversion Nanoparticles and Metal–Organic Framework: Fundamental, Classification, and Theranostic Applications
Authors: Du Jiarui , Jia Tao , Zhang Jinghan , Chen Guanying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntegrating biocompatible metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), capable of converting near‐infrared (NIR) light into visible or ultraviolet emissions, affords unique UCNPs@MOFs heterostructures for nanomedicine. Alongside inherited advantages from parent UCNPs on imaging and parent MOFs with porous structure on chemodrugs delivery, upconversion Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from UCNPs to molecular moieties in MOFs offers unique abilities to probe or modulate intracellular and tumor microenvironments at high spatiotemporal precision. As a result, UCNPs@MOFs heterostructures allow to detect hint number of biomolecules, regulate intracellular ion concentrations for tumor cell killing and lamellipodia‐induced cell metastasis, on‐demand release NO gas molecules for antibacterial therapy and neurotherapy, and perform tumor microenvironment‐responsive multimodal therapy, all achieved possible using tissue‐penetrating NIR light stimulation of low photon flux. In this work, recent progress on the construction and applications of UCNPs@MOFs heterostructures toward these regards is surveyed. An emphasis is placed on the classification of heterostructures (Janus, core@satellite, core@shell) with distinct geometric shapes as well as the fundamental upconversion FRET mechanism underpinning all their theranostic applications. Cutting‐edge applications on combined therapies, drug delivery, multimodal imaging, and biosensing are also highlighted, along with provided perspectives on the future development.
Recyclable Time–Temperature Indicator Enabled by Light Storage in Particles
Authors: Song Yifan , Du Jiaren , Yang Rujun , Lin Cunjian , Chen Wenjing , Wu Zishuang , Lin Hengwei , Chen Xi , Zhuang Yixi , Xie Rong‐Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTime–temperature indicator (TTI) technologies allow for nondestructive and real‐time quality management of perishable products during the entire transport–storage process, which provides an important guarantee for the product safety of end users. However, the existing TTI technologies still have shortcomings in recyclability, sensitivity, and environmental tolerance, limiting their widespread applications. Herein, a new TTI route based on the light storage effect in persistent luminescent (PersL) materials is proposed. Such TTI is designed on account of the principle that the release rate of light‐induced trapped carriers in PersL materials is closely dependent on the storage time and temperature, enabling to establish a correlation between the number of residual carriers and the freshness of perishable products. Taking KZnF3:Mn2+ as a model material, the light‐storage‐based TTI technology shows excellent recyclability, reliability, and environmental stability. This work reveals great potentials of PersL phosphors as information recording materials in advanced TTI application and next‐generation biological detection technology.
Reconfigurable and Polarization‐Dependent Grating Absorber for Large‐Area Emissivity Control Based on the Plasmonic Phase‐Change Material In3SbTe2
Authors: Conrads Lukas , Honné Natalie , Ulm Andreas , Heßler Andreas , Schmitt Robert , Wuttig Matthias , Taubner Thomas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMetasurfaces with perfect infrared absorption promise integrated filters and compact detector elements with narrowband thermal emission. Phase‐change materials (PCMs) are prime candidates for active, non‐volatile absorption tuning. Commonly, the response of the entire metasurface is tuned, while local adaptions remain elusive. In this work, flexible encoding of different absorption/emission properties within a metasurface is shown. The plasmonic PCM In3SbTe2 (IST) is employed to obtain control over the emissivity by patterning an adaptable grating absorber metasurface. Using a commercial direct laser writing setup, the IST is locally switched from an amorphous dielectric into a crystalline metallic state, and cm‐sized stripe gratings are written above a reflecting mirror. Modification of already written patterns is demonstrated by changing the laser power and thus the IST stripe width to encode different polarization‐sensitive patterns with nearly perfect absorption into the same metasurface. Finally, an apparent local temperature pattern due to the large‐area emissivity shaping metasurface is measured with a conventional thermal camera. The results pave the way towards low‐cost, large‐area, and adaptable patterning of metasurfaces with wavelength and polarization‐selective perfect absorption, enabling applications like enhanced thermal detection, infrared camouflage, or encoding anti‐counterfeiting symbols.