bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic status and psychiatric comorbidity associated with suicidal behavior among a sample of Egyptian patients who attended Tanta University emergency hospital for suicide-related problems
Authors: El-kholy Hend Mostafa , Mubarak Ahmed Abd E L-Rahman , Elheniedy Mohamed A. , AL-Deeb Fatma Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Many studies found association between psychosocial factors and suicidal behavior; this association differs from one community to another, and this difference could affect the risk assessment and the management of suicidal behavior. The aim of this work was to evaluate the role of socioeconomic, cultural, and psychosocial profile including psychiatric comorbidity on individuals with suicidal behavior who attended Tanta University emergency hospital.

Results
Family troubles were the commonest cause of suicidal behavior (28%), and drug overdose was the commonest method of attempt (38%). Positive correlation is between age and score of Beck scale for suicidal ideation (p = 0.000) which indicates that suicidal ideation increases with age. Significant association is between psychiatric comorbidity and Beck’s scale for suicidal ideation (p = 0.019), with size of association (η = 0.58).
Regression analysis showed that older age, female sex, illiterates, widows, cases with psychiatric illness, and low socioeconomic status when act altogether are the significant predictor of suicidal ideation of our studied sample.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that studying psychosocial factors in individuals who came to emergency hospital of Tanta University could be a reflection of the community visiting this hospital asking for medical emergency service; the comprehensive and multifactorial assessment we have been adopted in this work could help in better understanding of the suicidal risk factors in this community and consequently help in part in tailoring the clinical service for this sector of patient.
Realization of photonic p-orbital higher-order topological insulators
Authors: Zhang Yahui , Bongiovanni Domenico , Wang Ziteng , Wang Xiangdong , Xia Shiqi , Hu Zhichan , Song Daohong , Jukić Dario , Xu Jingjun , Morandotti Roberto , Buljan Hrvoje , Chen Zhigang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe orbital degrees of freedom play a pivotal role in understanding fundamental phenomena in solid-state materials as well as exotic quantum states of matter including orbital superfluidity and topological semimetals. Despite tremendous efforts in engineering synthetic cold-atom, as well as electronic and photonic lattices to explore orbital physics, thus far high orbitals in an important class of materials, namely, higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs), have not been realized. Here, we demonstrate $$p$$
p
-orbital corner states in a photonic HOTI, unveiling their underlying topological invariant, symmetry protection, and nonlinearity-induced dynamical rotation. In a Kagome-type HOTI, we find that the topological protection of $$p$$
p
-orbital corner states demands an orbital-hopping symmetry in addition to generalized chiral symmetry. Due to orbital hybridization, nontrivial topology of the $$p$$
p
-orbital HOTI is “hidden” if bulk polarization is used as the topological invariant, but well manifested by the generalized winding number. Our work opens a pathway for the exploration of intriguing orbital phenomena mediated by higher-band topology applicable to a broad spectrum of systems.
Multianalyte Serum Biomarker Panel for Early Detection of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Firpo Matthew A. , Boucher Kenneth M. , Bleicher Josh , Khanderao Gayatri D. , Rosati Alessandra , Poruk Katherine E. , Kamal Sama , Marzullo Liberato , De Marco Margot , Falco Antonia , Genovese Armando , Adler Jessica M. , De Laurenzi Vincenzo , Adler Douglas G. , Affolter Kajsa E. , Garrido-Laguna Ignacio , Scaife Courtney L. , Turco M. Caterina , Mulvihill Sean J. 
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE We determined whether a large, multianalyte panel of circulating biomarkers can improve detection of early-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We defined a biologically relevant subspace of blood analytes on the basis of previous identification in premalignant lesions or early-stage PDAC and evaluated each in pilot studies. The 31 analytes that met minimum diagnostic accuracy were measured in serum of 837 subjects (461 healthy, 194 benign pancreatic disease, and 182 early-stage PDAC). We used machine learning to develop classification algorithms using the relationship between subjects on the basis of their changes across the predictors. Model performance was subsequently evaluated in an independent validation data set from 186 additional subjects. RESULTS A classification model was trained on 669 subjects (358 healthy, 159 benign, and 152 early-stage PDAC). Model evaluation on a hold-out test set of 168 subjects (103 healthy, 35 benign, and 30 early-stage PDAC) yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.920 for classification of PDAC from non-PDAC (benign and healthy controls) and an AUC of 0.944 for PDAC versus healthy controls. The algorithm was then validated in 146 subsequent cases presenting with pancreatic disease (73 benign pancreatic disease and 73 early- and late-stage PDAC cases) and 40 healthy control subjects. The validation set yielded an AUC of 0.919 for classification of PDAC from non-PDAC and an AUC of 0.925 for PDAC versus healthy controls. CONCLUSION Individually weak serum biomarkers can be combined into a strong classification algorithm to develop a blood test to identify patients who may benefit from further testing.
Israel Kirzner's Use of Narratives to Illuminate the Limitations of Neoclassical Economics and the Austrian Alternative
Authors: Casonato Lucas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article investigates how Israel Kirzner approached mainstream economists with his view of the Austrian theory. It discusses the role of narrative elements in Kirzner's theory in his use of stories to illuminate ideas in entrepreneurship, the theory of the firm, and the knowledge problem. This article argues that the use of narrative made Kirzner's theory more open to dialogue without tying him to the scientific demarcation criteria used in mainstream economics. The scientific narratives in Kirzner's work allow him to (i) emphasize the logical order of economic phenomena, (ii) highlight causal mechanisms in economic theory, (iii) make some generalizations but without perfect predictions with economics, (iv) explore different scenarios from contingent events in the economy, and (v) illustrate economic ideas with fictional but plausible cases. The article concludes that these narrative aspects help Kirzner illuminate the limitations of neoclassical economics and offer an alternative perspective based on the entrepreneurial state of “alertness” from an Austrian point of view.
The Role of Narratives in Transferring Rational Choice Models into Political Science
Authors: Quack Alexandra , Herfeld Catherine 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
One striking observation in the history of rational choice models is that those models have not only been used in economics but been spread widely across the social and behavioral sciences. How do such model transfers proceed? By closely studying the early efforts to transfer such models by William Riker—a major protagonist in pushing the adoption of game-theoretic models in political science—this article examines the transfer process as one of “translation” by which abstract and mathematical rational choice models were constructed and modified such that they applied to a specific target system in a new domain. In this article, the argument is that to overcome a set of challenges that hampered the straightforward transfer of game-theoretic models into political science, Riker complemented theoretical and conceptual modifications of von Neumann and Morgenstern's game schemes with the use of narratives to turn them into applicable and testable models. As such, those narratives played a crucial role in enabling their transfer and ultimately facilitated the applicability of game-theoretic models in political science.
Flexible locomotion in complex environments: the influence of species, speed and sensory feedback on panarthropod inter-leg coordination
Authors: Nirody Jasmine A. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Panarthropods (a clade containing arthropods, tardigrades and onychophorans) can adeptly move across a wide range of challenging terrains and their ability to do so given their relatively simple nervous systems makes them compelling study organisms. Studies of forward walking on flat terrain excitingly point to key features in inter-leg coordination patterns that seem to be ‘universally’ shared across panarthropods. However, when movement through more complex, naturalistic terrain is considered, variability in coordination patterns – from the intra-individual to inter-species level – becomes more apparent. This variability is likely to be due to the interplay between sensory feedback and local pattern-generating activity, and depends crucially on species, walking speed and behavioral goal. Here, I gather data from the literature of panarthropod walking coordination on both flat ground and across more complex terrain. This Review aims to emphasize the value of: (1) designing experiments with an eye towards studying organisms in natural environments; (2) thoughtfully integrating results from various experimental techniques, such as neurophysiological and biomechanical studies; and (3) ensuring that data is collected and made available from a wider range of species for future comparative analyses.
A survey of quality-of-life tools used in the routine care of patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Kirkpatrick Suriya , Campbell Karen , Harding Sam 
Published: March 2023

Background: New treatment options have significantly improved the life expectancy of myeloma patients such that their cause of death is increasingly likely to be from something other than myeloma. Furthermore, the adverse effects of short- or long-term treatments as well as the disease are impacting on quality of life (QoL) for longer periods of time. Understanding people's QoL and what is important to them, is part of providing holistic care. Although QoL data has been collected for many years in myeloma studies, they have not been used to inform patient outcomes. There is growing evidence that supports the assessment of ‘fitness’ and consideration of QoL as part of routine myeloma care. A national survey was carried out to discover which QoL tools are currently being used in the routine care of myeloma patients, by whom and at which time point. Methods: An online survey using SurveyMonkey was adopted for flexibility and accessibility. The link to the survey was circulated via Bloodwise, Myeloma UK and Cancer Research UK contact lists. Paper questionnaires were circulated at the UK Myeloma Forum. Results: Data about practices in 26 centres were collected. This included sites across England and Wales. Three out of 26 centres collect QoL data as part of standard care. QoL tools used include EORTC QLQ-My20/24, MyPOS, FACT-BMT and Quality of Life Index. Questionnaires were completed by patients before, during or after a clinic appointment. Clinical nurse specialists calculate the scores and create a care plan. Conclusion: Despite growing evidence to support an holistic approach to management of myeloma patients, there is a lack of evidence to confirm that health-related QoL is being addressed in standard care. This is an area that needs further research.
Educational material for social marketing and behaviours linked to early detection of breast cancer
Authors: Avci Emine , Yilmaz Medine 
Published: March 2023

Background: Social marketing is an effective tool to ensure a populationbased behaviour change for a healthy lifestyle. Aim: The aim was to investigate the effects of breast cancer-related printed educational materials on women's behaviours related to early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer within the framework of social marketing. Method: This pre-post test one-group study was conducted with 80 women in a family health centre. An interview form, printed educational materials and follow-up form were used to collect the study data. The data were collected at the baseline and through phone calls at the third month. Results: Of the women, 36% had never performed breast self-examination (BSE), 55% had never had clinical breast examination (CBE), and 41% had never had mammography. There were no differences between the measurements made at the baseline and at the third month in terms of performing BSE, and having CBE and mammography. Conclusion: The importance of expanding social marketing approaches in terms of global health investments is emphasised. Adoption of positive health behaviours will lead to improvements in health status, as assessed through measures of morbidity and mortality status in cancer.
HAVE THERE BEEN DELAYS TO THEATRE IN PATIENTS WITH UPPER LIMB TRAUMA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC? A MULTICENTRE RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Hoban K. , Yacoub L. , Bidwai R. , Sadiq Z. , Cairns D. , Jariwala A.C. 
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic presented a significant impact on orthopaedic surgical operating. This multi-centre study aimed to ascertain what factors contributed to delays to theatre in patients with shoulder and elbow trauma.A retrospective cohort study of 621 upper limb (shoulder and elbow) trauma patients between 16/03/2020 and 16/09/2021 (18-months) was extracted from trauma lists in NHS Tayside, Highland and Grampian and Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS).Median patient age =51 years (range 2-98), 298 (48%) were male and 323 (52%) female. The commonest operation was olecranon open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) 106/621 cases (17.1%), followed by distal humerus ORIF − 63/621 (10.1%). Median time to surgery was 2 days (range 0-263). 281/621 (45.2%) of patients underwent surgical intervention within 0-1 days and 555/621 patients (89.9%) had an operation within 14 days of sustaining their injury. 66/621 (10.6%) patients waited >14 days for surgery. There were 325/621 (52.3%) patients with documented evidence of delay to surgery; of these 55.6% (181/325) were due to amendable causes. 66/325 (20.3%) of these patients suffered complications; the most common being post-operative stiffness in 48.6% of cases (n=32/66).To our knowledge, this is the first study to specifically explore effect of COVID-19 pandemic on upper limb trauma patients. We suggest delays to theatre may have contributed to higher rates of post-operative stiffness and require more physiotherapy during the rehabilitation phase. In future pandemic planning, we propose dedicated upper-limb trauma lists to prevent delays to theatre and optimise patients’ post-operative outcomes.
Efficacy of optical coherence tomography in the triage of women with minor abnormal cervical cytology before colposcopy
Authors: Yan Lei , Xiao Xiao , He Ling , Shi Liye , Yang Xue , Zhang Jun , Zhang Yongjing , Fu Chun 
Published: March 2023

Objectives
To evaluate the efficacy of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) for detecting cervical lesions in women with minor abnormal cytology results (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)).

Methods
A prospective study was conducted at gynecologic clinic from Mar 2021 to Sep 2021. The recruited women with cervical cytological findings of ASC-US or LSIL were inspected with OCT before colposcopy-directed cervical biopsy. The diagnostic performance of OCT, alone and in combination with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing were evaluated to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or worse (CIN2+)/CIN3 or worse (CIN3+). The rate of colposcopy referral and the immediate risk of CIN3+ of OCT were calculated.

Results
A total of 349 women with minor abnormal cervical cytology results were enrolled. For detection of CIN2+/CIN3+, the sensitivity and NPV of OCT were lower than those of hrHPV testing (CIN2+: 71.3% vs. 95.4%, 89.0% vs. 91.1%, P < 0.001; CIN3+: 75% vs. 93.8%, 96.5% vs. 95.6%, P < 0.001), but the specificity, accuracy and PPV were higher than those of hrHPV testing (CIN2+: 77.5% vs. 15.6%, 75.9% vs. 35.5%, 51.2% vs. 27.3%, P < 0.001; CIN3+: 69.4% vs. 13.6%, 69.9% vs. 20.9%, 19.8% vs. 9.9%, P < 0.001). OCT combined with hrHPV testing (CIN2+: 80.9%; CIN3+: 72.6%) showed higher specificity than that of OCT alone (P < 0.001). The colposcopy referral rate base on OCT classification was lower than that based on hrHPV testing (34.7% vs. 87.1%, P < 0.001). Patients with hrHPV-positive ASC-US and hrHPV-negative LSIL cytology, the immediate CIN3+ risk in OCT negative cases was less than 4%.

Conclusions
OCT alone or combination with hrHPV testing shows good performance for detecting CIN2+/CIN3+ in patients with ASC-US/LSIL cytology. OCT is an effective method for colposcopy triage in women with hrHPV-positive ASC-US and hrHPV-negative LSIL cytology.
A bioelectronic route to compassion: Rationale and study protocol for combining transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) with compassionate mental imagery
Authors: Kamboj Sunjeev K. , Peniket Matthew , Simeonov Louise 
Published: March 2023

Background
The vagus nerve (VN) is a neural nexus between the brain and body, enabling bidirectional regulation of mental functioning and peripheral physiology. Some limited correlational findings suggest an association between VN activation and a particular form of self-regulation: compassionate responding. Interventions that are geared towards strengthening self-compassion in particular, can serve as an antidote to toxic shame and self-criticism and improve psychological health.

Objective
We describe a protocol for examining the role of VN activation on ‘state’ self-compassion, self-criticism, and related outcomes. By combining transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) with a brief imagery-based self-compassion intervention, we aim to preliminarily test additivity versus synergy between these distinct bottom-up and top-down methods for putatively regulating vagal activity. We also test whether the effects of VN stimulation accumulate with daily stimulation and daily compassionate imagery practice.

Methods
Using a randomized 2 x 2 factorial (stimulation x imagery condition) design, healthy volunteers (n = 120) receive active (tragus) or sham (earlobe) tVNS plus standardized (audio-recorded) self-compassionate or sham mental imagery instructions. These interventions are delivered in a university-based psychological laboratory in two sessions, one week apart, as well as being self-administered between sessions by participants at home. Pre-stimulation, peri-stimulation and post-imagery measures of state self-compassion, self-criticism and related self-report outcomes are assessed in two lab sessions, separated by a week (Days 1 and 8). Heart rate variability is used as a physiological metric of vagal activity and an eye-tracking task assesses attentional bias to compassionate faces during the two lab sessions. On Days 2–7, participants continue their randomly assigned stimulation and imagery tasks at home, and complete state measures at the end of each remote session.

Discussion
Demonstrating modulation of compassionate responding using tVNS would support a causal link between VN activation and compassion. This would provide a basis for future studies of bioelectronic approaches to augmenting therapeutic contemplative techniques.

Clinical trials registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT05441774 (Date: July 1st 2022).

OSF registration
https://osf.io/4t9ha.
Comparative evaluation of saliva and nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 detection using RT-qPCR among COVID-19 suspected patients at Jigjiga, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Tahir Bawlah , Weldegebreal Fitsum , Ayele Firayad , Ayana Desalegn Admassu 
Published: March 2023

Background
Nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) remains the recommended sample type for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis. However, the collection procedure causes discomfort and irritation to the patients, lowering the quality of the sample and exposing healthcare workers to risk. Furthermore, there is also a shortage of flocked swabs and personnel protective equipment in low-income settings. Therefore, this necessitates an alternative diagnostic specimen. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of saliva against NPS for SARS-CoV-2 detection using RT-qPCR among COVID-19 suspected patients at Jigjiga, Eastern Ethiopia.

Methods
Comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from June 28 to July 30, 2022. A total of 227 paired saliva and NPS samples were collected from 227 COVID-19 suspected patients. Saliva and NPS samples were collected and transported to the Somali Regional Molecular Laboratory. Extraction was conducted using DaAn kit (DaAn Gene Co., Ltd China). Veri-Q RT-qPCR was used for amplification and detection (Mico BioMed Co, Ltd, Republic of Korea). The data were entered into Epi-data version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS 25. McNemar’s test was used to compare the detection rate. Agreement between NPS and saliva was performed using Cohen’s Kappa. The mean and median of cycle threshold values were compared using paired t-tests and the correlation between cycle threshold values was measured using Pearson correlation coefficient. P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
The overall positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 RNA was 22.5% (95% CI 17–28%). Saliva showed higher sensitivity (83.8%, 95% CI, 73–94.5%) than NPS (68.9%, 95% CI 60.8–76.8%). The specificity of saliva was 92.6% (95% CI, 80.6% - 100%) compared to NPS (96.7%, 95% CI, 87% - 100%). The positive, negative, and overall percent agreement between NPS and saliva was 83.8%, 92.6%, and 91.2% respectively (κ = 0.703, 95% CI 0.58–0.825, P = 0.00). The concordance rate between the two samples was 60.8%. NPS showed a higher viral load than saliva. There was low positive correlation between the cycle threshold values of the two samples (r = 0.41, 95% CI -1.69 to -0.98, P >0.05).

Conclusion
Saliva showed a higher detection rate for SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnosis than NPS and there was significant agreement between the two specimens. Therefore, saliva could be suitable and easily obtainable alternative diagnostic specimen for SARS-CoV-2 molecular diagnosis.