bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why are there no widely successful microbial bioherbicides for weed management in crops?
Authors: Duke Stephen O 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMicrobial biopesticides to control plant pathogens and insects in crops have had significant success. However, there have been relatively few successes for microbial bioherbicides in crops, despite considerable numbers of publications and commercial product introductions in this area. Marketed microbial bioherbicide products for use in agriculture have been largely unsuccessful. This article covers the potential advantages of successful microbial bioherbicides, as well as the biological and technical issues that have limited their success. Technologies to overcome the problems that have limited the success of these products are discussed. The many advantages of using killed microbial products (e.g. cell‐free filtrates) over living microbial products as bioherbicides are detailed. A commercialized mycoherbicide that has been selected for in the laboratory for control of the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica is being used with some success in Africa, indicating that non‐transgenic modification of the genetics of bioherbicide microbes for improved efficacy is acceptable to some regulatory authorities. Genetic modifications to improve efficacy and host range, as well as improved application technology to greatly reduce the amount of product needed are two technologies that are likely to expand the use of microbial bioherbicides in the future. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Magnetic Field Boosts the Transmembrane Transport Efficiency of Magnesium Ions from PLLA Bone Scaffold
Authors: Yan Zuyun , Sun Tianshi , Tan Wei , Wang Zhicheng , Yan Jinpeng , Miao Jinglei , Wu Xin , Feng Pei , Deng Youwen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the system of magnesium‐loaded scaffolds, the effect of magnesium ions (Mg2+) on the osteogenesis induction is restricted due to the low transmembrane transport efficiency of Mg2+ into the cell, which limits the application for bone defect repair. Inspired by the fact that magnetic field can regulate ion channel proteins on the cell membrane, magnetite nanoparticle is introduced into the poly (l‐lactic acid) /magnesium oxide composite in this study, and a magnetic magnesium‐loaded bone scaffold is prepared via selective laser sintering . Notably, the activities of the Mg2+ channel protein (MAGT1) on the membrane of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) are enhanced via magnetic torque effect (via integrin αV β3/actin), under the action of static magnetic field (SMF), which promoted rBMSCs to capture Mg2+ in the microenvironment and induced osteogenesis. In vitro experiments showed that the magnetic magnesium‐loaded scaffold, under the action of SMF, can accelerate the inflow of Mg2+ from surrounding microenvironment, which improved cellular activities, osteogenesis‐related gene expression (ALP, Runx2, OCN, and OPN), and mineralization. Besides, in vivo skull defect repair experiments showed that the scaffolds possessed good ability to promote bone differentiation and new bone regeneration.
Sovereignty in Political Discourses of the European Populist Radical Right: The Right of the People and the Right of the Peoples
Authors: Alekseev Alexander 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe populist radical right (PRR) in the European Union so frequently evokes sovereignty as one of the indispensable rights of the people(s) that it becomes urgent to examine the relationship between the concept of sovereignty and the concept of rights in PRR political discourses. The chapter explores how in practice the PRR discursively instrumentalises references to rights to construct its vision(s) of sovereignty in the EU context(s). By applying instruments of critical discourse analysis to the electoral speeches of Marine Le Pen and Jarosław Kaczyński, the leaders of two very dissimilar EU PRR parties, the Rassemblement National and the Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, the chapter outlines concrete discursive strategies containing references to rights used by the PRR in the EU. The analysis shows that the PRR uses references to rights to advance exclusionary conceptions of popular (the right of the people) and national (the right of the peoples) sovereignty built upon the idea of a monocultural and ethnically homogenous majoritarian democracy, thus discursively challenging the foundational legitimacy of today’s European project as well as its current institutional configuration.
Hindu Mobilities and Cremation: Minority, Migrant and Gendered Dialogues and Dialectics in English and Welsh Towns
Authors: Maddrell Avril , Mathijssen Brenda , Beebeejaun Yasminah , McClymont Katie , McNally Danny 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn Chap. 1 Avril Maddrell, Brenda Mathijssen, Yasminah Beebeejaun, Katie McClymont and Danny McNally untangle the embodied, gendered, racialised and institutionalized cremation practices of Hindu communities in three case study towns: Northampton and Swindon in England and Newport in Wales. They argue that attending to questions of (in)adequate funerary infrastructure and norms – including prompt cremation; accommodating ritual requirements for witnessing the charging the cremator; the negotiation of designated sites for the disposition of cremated remains in local rivers; and local bus services – are essential steps to creating and maintaining a sense of inclusiveness, lived citizenship and justice for these communities. The chapter underscores the changing local-national-international mobilities of cremated remains and other evolving practices and beliefs to reflect the role of varied corporeal, material, institutional and religious-emotional (im)mobilities that are instrumental in shaping contemporary Hindu funerary practices and experiences in England and Wales. This raises issues regarding inclusive funerary provision for Hindus in England and Wales, as well as providing conceptual insights regarding the material and spiritual mobilities of the dead, their remains and their mourners.
Language Report English
Authors: Maynard Diana , Wright Joanna , Greenwood Mark A. , Bontcheva Kalina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the status of the English language, primarily acting as a benchmark for the level of technological support that other European languages could receive (see Maynard et al. 2022; Ananiadou et al. 2012). While it is rather unlikely that any other European language will ever reach this level, due to the continuing development of support for English, and thus serves as a moving goalpost, nevertheless it provides a good criterion for relative assessment. While the inequalities in the amount of technological support available for English compared with other European languages may act as a deterrent for working on the latter, nevertheless it serves as a useful mechanism for applying cross-lingual transfer methods in order to build language models and generate labelled data for lower resource languages.
Language Report German
Authors: Hegele Stefanie , Heinisch Barbara , Popp Antonia , Marheinecke Katrin , Rios Annette , Gromann Dagmar , Volk Martin , Rehm Georg 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGerman is the second most widely spoken language in the EU. The last decade has seen strongly perceptible language change, trending towards the simplification of the grammatical system, a rapidly growing number of anglicisms, a decreasing prevalence of dialects, and an increase in socio-political debates on matters such as language policies and gender-neutral language. Many technologies and resources for German are available, which is also due to numerous well-established research institutions and a thriving Language Technology (LT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) industry. In order to withstand in the digital sphere, it is important that incentives for research, digital education and also concrete opportunities for marketing and deploying LT applications are put at the forefront of future AI strategies.
Language Report Hungarian
Authors: Jelencsik-Mátyus Kinga , Héja Enikő , Varga Zsófia , Váradi Tamás 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe revolutionary expansion of language technologies (LT) in the last decade and the emergence of neural networks has heavily impacted LT. This is reflected in the development of Hungarian NLP as well, as numerous high-quality LMs, tools and datasets have been created. However, new, huge datasets are still needed to train LMs. Due to being a lesser resourced Uralic language with a smaller number of speakers, Hungarian LT has to face challenges often different from those of large Indo-European languages like English. Here we present a snapshot of this important period in the development of Hungarian LT, with special attention to language resources, and we outline some of the possible next steps.
Language Report Swedish
Authors: Borin Lars , Domeij Rickard , Edlund Jens , Forsberg Markus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSwedish speech and language technology (LT) research goes back over 70 years. This has paid off: there is a national research infrastructure, as well as significant research projects, and Swedish is well-endowed with language resources (LRs) and tools. However, there are gaps that need to be filled, especially high-quality goldstandard LRs required by the most recent deep-learning methods. In the future, we would like to see closer collaborations and communication between the “traditional” LT research community and the burgeoning AI field, the establishment of dedicated academic LT training programmes, and national funding for LT research.
Language Report Catalan
Authors: Melero Maite , Calvo Blanca , Rodríguez Mar , Villegas Marta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite its vulnerable position as a minoritised language, the presence of Catalan in the digital sphere is relatively strong, thanks to an active online community with a high technological profile. Technological support for Catalan is slowly growing, following the recent advances in AI and increased awareness of the value of language data and technologies among public and private bodies. However, more effort is needed to promote the creation of open-source solutions and resources so as to lower the investment barrier for companies to build technology for Catalan.
Naturally astrophobic QCD axion
Authors: Badziak Marcin , Harigaya Keisuke 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present a QCD axion model where the couplings of the axion to nucleons, electrons, and muons are naturally suppressed because of the appropriate choice of the Peccei-Quinn charges of the Standard Model fermions. We reexamine next-to-leading order corrections to the couplings of the axion with nucleons and photons and show that the axion decay constant may be as small as 107 GeV. It is also possible to suppress the coupling with the photon so that the decay constant is even smaller and minimal axiogenesis works. In this scenario, the axion has a mass above 1 eV and may be directly detected via absorption of axion dark matter. Flavor-violating axion couplings are generically predicted in our model, but we show that they may be naturally and sufficiently suppressed. We discuss the implications of the hints for anomalous cooling in several stellar environments to our model.
Strichartz estimates for equations with structured Lipschitz coefficients
Authors: Frey Dorothee , Schippa Robert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSharp Strichartz estimates are proved for Schrödinger and wave equations with Lipschitz coefficients satisfying additional structural assumptions. We use Phillips functional calculus as a substitute for Fourier inversion, which shows how dispersive properties are inherited from the constant-coefficient case. Global Strichartz estimates follow provided that the derivatives of the coefficients are integrable. The estimates extend to structured coefficients of bounded variations. As applications we derive Strichartz estimates with additional derivative loss for wave equations with Hölder-continuous coefficients and solve nonlinear Schrödinger equations. Finally, we record spectral multiplier estimates, which follow from the Strichartz estimates by well-known means.
Prediction of Occurrence of Cerebral Infarction After Successful Mechanical Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke in the Anterior Circulation by Arterial Spin Labeling
Authors: Kidoguchi Masamune , Akazawa Ayumi , Komori Osamu , Isozaki Makoto , Higashino Yoshifumi , Kawajiri Satoshi , Yamada Shinsuke , Kodera Toshiaki , Arishima Hidetaka , Tsujikawa Tetsuya , Kimura Hirohiko , Kikuta Kenichiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The overall goal of our study is to create modified Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score (ASPECTS) determined by the findings on arterial spin labeling imaging (ASL) to predict the prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke after successful mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Prior to that, we examined predictive factors including the value of cerebral blood flow (CBF) measured by ASL for occurrence of cerebral infarction at the region of interest (ROI) used in the ASPECTS after successful MT.

Methods
Of the 92 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with MT at our institution between April 2013 and April 2021, a total of 26 patients who arrived within 8 h after stroke onset and underwent MT resulting in a thrombolysis in cerebral infarction score of 2B or 3 were analyzed. Magnetic resonance imaging, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and ASL, was performed on arrival and the day after MT. The asymmetry index (AI) of CBF by ASL (ASL-CBF) before MT was calculated for 11 regions of interest using the DWI-Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score.

Results
Occurrence of infarction after successful MT for ischemic stroke in the anterior circulation can be expected when the formula 0.3211 × history of atrial fibrillation +0.0096 × the AI of ASL-CBF before MT (%) +0.0012 × the time from onset to reperfusion (min) yields a value below 1.0 or when the AI of ASL-CBF before MT is below 61.5%.

Conclusion
The AI of ASL-CBF before MT or a combination of a history of atrial fibrillation, the AI of ASL-CBF before MT, and the time from onset to reperfusion can be used to predict the occurrence of infarction in patients arriving within 8 h after stroke onset in which reperfusion with MT was successful.
Die bauliche Struktur der deutschen Intensivstationen aus dem Blickwinkel der Infektionsprävention
Authors: Fucini Giovanni-Battista , Geffers Christine , Schwab Frank , Behnke Michael , Moellmann Julia , Sunder Wolfgang , Gastmeier Petra 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Die bauliche Struktur der Intensivstation (ITS) kann eine wichtige Rolle in der Infektionsprävention spielen.

Methoden
Wir haben im Zeitraum von 09/2021 bis 11/2021 eine Umfrage zur aktuellen baulichen Struktur von ITS im deutschsprachigen Raum durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt 597 (40 %) Stationen haben geantwortet. 20 % davon wurden vor 1990 gebaut. Die mediane Anzahl der Einzelzimmer inklusive „interquartile range“ (IQR) beträgt 4 (IQR 2–6), die mediane totale Zimmeranzahl ist 8 (IQR 6–12). Die mediane Zimmergröße beträgt 19 m2 (IQR 16–22) für Einzelzimmer und 31 m2 (IQR 26–37,5) für Mehrbettzimmer. 80% der ITS haben ein Waschbecken und 86,4 % eine raumlufttechnische Anlage im Patientenzimmer. 54,6 % der Stationen müssen Geräte und Materialien außerhalb von Lagerräumen lagern und nur 33,5 % haben einen Raum für die Aufbereitung von Medizinprodukten. Aus der Stratifizierung nach Baujahr hat sich eine langsame Zunahme in der Ausstattung mit Einzelzimmern (3 [IQR 2–5] vor 1990 vs. 5 [IQR 2–8] nach 2011; p < 0,001) in den letzten 30 Jahren gezeigt.

Diskussion
Die Ausstattung der ITS mit Einzelzimmern und deren Größe entspricht noch nicht den Forderungen der nationalen Fachgesellschaften. Auf vielen Stationen mangelt es an Platz für die Lagerung und für die Aufbereitungsprozesse von Medizinprodukten.

Fazit
Es gibt einen dringlichen Bedarf, den Neubau und die Sanierung von ITS in Deutschland mit adäquaten Mitteln zu fördern.
Agent-based manufacturing — review and expert evaluation
Authors: Pulikottil Terrin , Estrada-Jimenez Luis A. , Ur Rehman Hamood , Mo Fan , Nikghadam-Hojjati Sanaz , Barata Jose 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe advent of smart manufacturing and the exposure to a new generation of technological enablers have revolutionized the way manufacturing process is carried out. Cyber-Physical Production Systems (CPPS) are introduced as main actors of this manufacturing shift. They are characterized for having high levels of communication, integration and computational capabilities that led them to a certain level of autonomy. Despite the high expectations and vision of CPPS, it still remains an exploratory topic. Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have been widely used by software engineers to solve traditional computing problems, e.g., banking transactions. Because of their high levels of distribution and autonomous capabilities, MAS have been considered by the research community as a good solution to design and implement CPPS. This work first introduces a collection of requirements and characteristics of smart manufacturing. A comprehensive review of various research applications is presented to understand the current state of the art and the application of agent technology in manufacturing. Considering the smart manufacturing requirements and current research application, a SWOT analysis was formulated which identifies pros and cons of the implementation of agents in industry. The SWOT analysis was further validated by an industrial expert evaluation and the main findings and discussion of the results are presented.
Study on the Influencing Factors of Short‐Term Recovery of Neurological Symptoms after Carotid Body Tumor Resection
Authors: Yuan Wanzhong , Huo Ran , Hou Chaofan , Wang Zhongzheng , Yang Jun , Wang Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the differences in the short‐term recovery from neurological symptoms (SRN) (≤ 6 months) and clinical characteristics of patients with different Shamblin classifications carotid body tumor (CBT) resection and to analyze the risk factors affecting SRN after surgery.MethodsPatients who underwent CBT resection between June 2018 and September 2022 were recruited. Perioperative factors and indicators of the nature of the tumor were recorded. The risk factors affecting SRN after CBT resection were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.ResultsEighty‐five patients (43.86 ± 12.7 years, 46 females) were included, 40 (47.06%) of whom exhibited SRN. Univariate logistic regression showed that preoperative symptoms, surgical side, bilateral posterior communicating artery (PcoA) opening, some indicators of tumor size, operative/anesthesia time, and Shamblin III classification were correlated with postoperative neurological prognosis (all p < 0.05). After adjusting for confounders, preoperative symptoms (OR, 5.072; 95% CI 1.027–25.052; p = 0.046), surgical side (OR, 0.025; 95% CI 0.003–0234; p = 0.001), bilateral PcoA opening (OR, 22.671; 95% CI 2.549–201.666; p = 0.005), distance from the tip of the C2 dens to the superior aspect (dens‐CBT) (OR, 0.918; 95% CI 0.858–0.982; p = 0.013) and Shamblin III classification (OR, 28.488; 95% CI 1.986–408.580; p = 0.014) were correlated with postoperative neurological symptom recovery.ConclusionPreoperative symptoms, surgical side (right), bilateral PcoA opening, a short dens‐CBT and Shamblin III classification are risk factors affecting SRN after CBT resection. Early resection is recommended for small‐volume CBTs without neurovascular compression or invasion to obtain SRN.
Indikatoren der Behandlungskoordinierung in Psychotherapieberichten
Authors: Singer Susanne , Maier Lena , Blanck Julian , Wiegand Hauke Felix 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel
Diese Studie untersuchte, wie häufig psychopharmakologische bzw. psychiatrische Vor- und Mitbehandlungen in Berichten an den Gutachter im Rahmen von Anträgen auf Kostenübernahme einer Psychotherapie erwähnt werden.

Methode
Einer Zufallsstichprobe von 1000 Berichten wurden alle Erst- und Umwandlungsanträge entnommen. Angaben zu Diagnosen und Vorbehandlungen aus den Texten sowie den Formularen wurden extrahiert. Die Erwähnungshäufigkeit wurde zwischen Ärztlichen und Psychologischen Psychotherapeut:innen sowie zwischen Patient:innen mit verschiedenen Indikationen für eine Medikation entsprechend aktueller Leitlinien (soll, soll nicht, kann) mithilfe von χ2-Tests und multivariater logistischer Regression verglichen.

Ergebnisse
In 61 % der 629 Erst- und Umwandlungsanträge wurde medikamentöse Behandlung nicht erwähnt. Ärzt:innen erwähnten sie häufiger als Psycholog:innen (46 % vs. 34 %, adjustierte „odds ratio“ [OR] 1,6; p = 0,003). Bei Patient:innen, für die die Leitlinien eine „Soll“-Empfehlung für eine Medikation aussprechen, wurde diese häufiger erwähnt als bei denen, für die eine „Kann“-Empfehlung besteht (OR 2,1; p = 0,01). Auch ambulante psychiatrische Behandlung wurde von Ärzt:innen häufiger erwähnt als von Psycholog:innen (44 % vs. 35 %; OR 1,5; p = 0,02).

Schlussfolgerung
Psychopharmakologische und psychiatrische Mit- bzw. Vorbehandlungen werden in den Berichten häufig nicht erwähnt. Es sollte von Gutachterseite sowie während der Aus- und Fortbildung darauf hingewirkt werden, dass sich diese Situation verbessert.
Global Well-Posedness for the Thermodynamically Refined Passively Transported Nonlinear Moisture Dynamics with Phase Changes
Authors: Hittmeir Sabine , Klein Rupert , Li Jinkai , Titi Edriss S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work we study the global solvability of moisture dynamics with phase changes for warm clouds. We thereby in comparison to previous studies (Hittmeir et al. in Nonlinearity 30:3676–3718, 2017) take into account the different gas constants for dry air and water vapor as well as the different heat capacities for dry air, water vapor and liquid water, which leads to a much stronger coupling of the moisture balances and the thermodynamic equation. This refined thermodynamic setting has been demonstrated to be essential, e.g. in the case of deep convective cloud columns in Hittmeir and Klein (Theoret Comput Fluid Dyn 32(2):137–164, 2017). The more complicated structure requires careful derivations of sufficient a priori estimates for proving global existence and uniqueness of solutions.
Hughes-Stovin-Syndrom: eine lebensbedrohliche Manifestation des Behçet-Syndroms
Authors: Ruffer Nikolas , Krusche Martin , Holl-Ulrich Konstanze , Lötscher Fabian , Kötter Ina 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Hughes-Stovin-Syndrom (HSS) ist eine entzündliche Systemerkrankung unklarer Genese, die inzwischen dem Spektrum des Behçet-Syndroms (BS) zugeordnet wird. Wegweisende Befunde sind rezidivierende Thrombosen des venösen Systems und oberflächliche Thrombophlebitiden in Kombination mit beidseitigen Pulmonalarterienaneurysmen (PAA). Die Pulmonalisangiographie mittels Computertomographie ist von entscheidender diagnostischer Bedeutung, um die (entzündliche) Beteiligung der Pulmonalarterien darzustellen. Die Therapie des HSS orientiert sich an den Empfehlungen der European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (EULAR) für das BS und sieht primär eine Immunsuppression mit Cyclophosphamid und Glukokortikoiden vor. Neben einer medikamentösen Therapie sollte eine interventionelle Versorgung der PAA evaluiert werden. Eine spontane PAA-Ruptur muss auch bei Remission der Erkrankung und/oder deutlicher Regredienz des PAA-Durchmessers aufgrund einer fragilen Gefäßarchitektur bedacht werden.