bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pole-skipping in rotating BTZ black holes
Authors: Jeong Hyun-Sik , Ji Chang-Woo , Kim Keun-Young 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Motivated by the connection between pole-skipping phenomena of two point functions and four point out-of-time-order correlators, we study the pole-skipping phenomena for rotating BTZ black holes. In particular, we investigate the effect of rotations on the pole-skipping point for various fields with spin s = 1/2, 1, 2/3, extending the previous research for s = 0, 2. We derive an analytic full tower of the pole-skipping points of fermionic (s = 1/2) and vector (s = 1) fields by the exact holographic Green’s functions. For the non-extremal black hole, the leading pole-skipping frequency is ωleading = 2πiTh(s − 1 + νΩ)/(1 − Ω2) where Th is the temperature, Ω the rotation, and ν := (∆+ − ∆−)/2, the difference of conformal dimensions (∆±). These are confirmed by another independent method: the near-horizon analysis. For the extremal black hole, we find that the leading pole-skipping frequency can occur at $$ {\omega}_{\textrm{leading}}^{\textrm{extremal}} $$

ω
leading
extremal

= −2πiTR(s + 1) only when ν = s + 1, where TR is the temperature of the right moving mode. It is non-trivial because it cannot be achieved by simply taking the extreme limit (Th → 0, Ω → 1) of the non-extremal black hole result.
Psilocybin therapy for treatment resistant depression: prediction of clinical outcome by natural language processing
Authors: Dougherty Robert F. , Clarke Patrick , Atli Merve , Kuc Joanna , Schlosser Danielle , Dunlop Boadie W. , Hellerstein David J. , Aaronson Scott T. , Zisook Sidney , Young Allan H. , Carhart-Harris Robin , Goodwin Guy M. , Ryslik Gregory A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Therapeutic administration of psychedelics has shown significant potential in historical accounts and recent clinical trials in the treatment of depression and other mood disorders. A recent randomized double-blind phase-IIb study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of COMP360, COMPASS Pathways’ proprietary synthetic formulation of psilocybin, in participants with treatment-resistant depression.

Objective
While the phase-IIb results are promising, the treatment works for a portion of the population and early prediction of outcome is a key objective as it would allow early identification of those likely to require alternative treatment.

Methods
Transcripts were made from audio recordings of the psychological support session between participant and therapist 1 day post COMP360 administration. A zero-shot machine learning classifier based on the BART large language model was used to compute two-dimensional sentiment (valence and arousal) for the participant and therapist from the transcript. These scores, combined with the Emotional Breakthrough Index (EBI) and treatment arm were used to predict treatment outcome as measured by MADRS scores. (Code and data are available at https://github.com/compasspathways/Sentiment2D.)

Results
Two multinomial logistic regression models were fit to predict responder status at week 3 and through week 12. Cross-validation of these models resulted in 85% and 88% accuracy and AUC values of 88% and 85%.

Conclusions
A machine learning algorithm using NLP and EBI accurately predicts long-term patient response, allowing rapid prognostication of personalized response to psilocybin treatment and insight into therapeutic model optimization. Further research is required to understand if language data from earlier stages in the therapeutic process hold similar predictive power.
Long-term preconditioning of the coral Pocillopora acuta does not restore performance in future ocean conditions
Authors: Roper C. D. , Donelson J. M. , Ferguson S. , van Oppen M. J. H. , Cantin N. E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is overwhelming evidence that tropical coral reefs are severely impacted by human induced climate change. Assessing the capability of reef-building corals to expand their tolerance limits to survive projected climate trajectories is critical for their protection and management. Acclimation mechanisms such as developmental plasticity may provide one means by which corals could cope with projected ocean warming and acidification. To assess the potential of preconditioning to enhance thermal tolerance in the coral Pocillopora acuta, colonies were kept under three different scenarios from settlement to 17 months old: present day (0.9 °C-weeks (Degree Heating Weeks), + 0.75 °C annual, 400 ppm pCO2) mid-century (2.5 °C-weeks, + 1.5 °C annual, 685 ppm pCO2) and end of century (5 °C-weeks, + 2 °C annual, 900 ppm pCO2) conditions. Colonies from the present-day scenario were subsequently introduced to the mid-century and end of century conditions for six weeks during summer thermal maxima to examine if preconditioned colonies (reared under these elevated conditions) had a higher physiological performance compared to naive individuals. Symbiodiniaceae density and chlorophyll a concentrations were significantly lower in mid-century and end of century preconditioned groups, and declines in symbiont density were observed over the six-week accumulated heat stress in all treatments. Maximum photosynthetic rate was significantly suppressed in mid-century and end of century preconditioned groups, while minimum saturating irradiances were highest for 2050 pre-exposed individuals with parents originating from specific populations. The results of this study indicate preconditioning to elevated temperature and pCO2 for 17 months did not enhance the physiological performance in P. acuta. However, variations in trait responses and effects on tolerance found among treatment groups provides evidence for differential capacity for phenotypic plasticity among populations which could have valuable applications for future restoration efforts.
Exploring the promising frontiers of barium hexaferrite and barium titanate composites for electromagnetic shielding applications
Authors: Salem M. M. , Darwish K. A. , Hemeda O. M. , Abdel Ati M. I. , Abd El-Hameed Anwer S. , Zhou Di , Darwish Moustafa A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study provides a comprehensive synthesis and meticulous examination of barium hexaferrite (BHF), barium titanate (BT), and their respective nanocomposites, unveiling their potential in specific applications, including electromagnetic interference shielding. The successful formation of BHF and BT was confirmed through Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, revealing distinct absorption peaks indicative of the tetragonal configuration of BT and the BHF’s crystal structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) depicted the unique morphologies and dispersions of particles in the synthesized nanocomposites, with BHF appearing larger (~ 82 nm) than BT (~ 50 nm). Vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) findings exhibited an increased resistance to demagnetization with the addition of BT, despite a slight decline at 75% BT concentration due to the non-magnetic nature of BT dominating. Uniquely, the study presented an in-depth analysis of the composites’ conductivity, detailing their non-monotonic behavior across a frequency range. A detailed investigation into the complex permittivity and permeability revealed the composite’s enhanced ability to store and dissipate both electrical and magnetic energy, a function influenced by the concentrations of BT and BHF. A pivotal highlight of this research was the significant achievement of a reflection loss (RL) value of − 45 dB at 9.3 GHz for the composite with 75% BHF, suggesting the composite’s potential as an effective microwave absorber. This study represents a significant step toward designing and optimizing nanocomposites for specific applications in the realm of electromagnetic materials.
Susac syndrome: neurological update (clinical features, long-term observational follow-up and management of sixteen patients)
Authors: Bose Smriti , Papathanasiou Athanasios , Karkhanis Sameep , Appleton Jason P. , King Dominic , Batra Ruchika , Mollan Susan P. , Jacob Saiju 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSusac syndrome is a likely autoimmune microangiopathy affecting the brain, retina and inner ear. Due to the rarity of this condition, diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. Diagnosis is based on the presence of the clinical triad of central nervous system dysfunction, branch retinal artery occlusions and sensorineural hearing loss. Typical MRI findings of callosal and peri-callosal lesions may assist in diagnosis. Clinical course can be monophasic, polycyclic or chronic continuous. It is important to look out for red flags to attain an accurate diagnosis and follow a therapeutic algorithm based on severity of the disease and response to treatment. Patients are treated with steroids and immunosuppressive agents with a variable response. Early aggressive treatment especially in severe cases, may help in preventing relapses and morbidity/disability. This study highlights important diagnostic features and proposes a treatment algorithm based on clinical experience from management of 16 patients from 2 neuroscience centres in the UK since 2007, who were followed up over a long period of 3–15 years.
Phenology and stem growth dynamics of Betula pendula Roth. in the Spanish Pyrenees
Authors: Castells-Montero Xavier , Gutiérrez-Merino Emilia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Key message
We established silver birch phenology in the Pyrenees. We highlight actual evapotranspiration as the main driver and the altitudinal effect within a north–south phenological pattern.

Abstract
Research into the phenology of trees is one of the most important issues in making reliable predictions of possible range shifts due to current climate change. Under the current climate change, warming and water stress can threaten tree performance by altering phenological events, specially at the edge of the southern especies distribution. We aimed at establishing bud burst, leaf and stem growth phenology of the Betula pendula in the Spanish Pyrenees, to determine the environmental cues triggering phenological events and to assess the effect of climate and soil water balance on annual growth cycle. The most important cues for bud burst are heat accumulation and long days that reduced the thermal time to bud burst. Leaf unfolding, the period of stem cambial activity, and the variation of the stem radial growth rates throughout the year are mainly regulated by the actual evapotranspiration. Leaf yellowing and abscission are advanced when hydric stress is pronounced shortening leaf longevity. The increase in spring temperatures brings forward the date of bud burst and the start of stem growth. However, the increase in the duration of hotter droughts causes an advance in the date of cessation of birch growth. From the southern Pyrenees to the boreal birch populations, there is a marked latitudinal gradient of phenological events, which are not linear except for the maximum stem growth rate. In the Pyrenees, the growing season is longer than in the boreal forests, but ring thickness is similar.
Geochemistry and formation of agate-bearing lithophysae in Lower Permian volcanics of the NW-Saxonian Basin (Germany)
Authors: Götze Jens , Möckel Robert , Pan Yuanming , Müller Axel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGeochemical and mineralogical investigations of the Lower Permian Kemmlitz rhyolite within the NW-Saxonian Basin (Germany) and associated lithophysae (high-temperature crystallization domains) as well as agates were carried out to constrain the genesis and characteristics of these volcanic rocks and the origin of the agate-bearing lithophysae. The volcanic rocks of rhyolitic composition are dominated by quartz, sanidine, and orthoclase and most likely derive from lava flows. Agate-bearing lithophysae were exclusively formed in a glassy facies (pitchstone) of the rhyolites, which was afterwards altered to illite-smectite mixed-layer clays. The results of this study show that agate formation can be related to the alteration of the volcanic rocks accompanied by the infill of mobilized silica into cavities of lithophysae. Fluid inclusion studies point to temperatures of agate formation above 150 °C, indicating that the mobilization and accumulation of silica started already during a late phase of or soon after the volcanic activities. Remarkable high concentrations of B (29 ppm), Ge (> 18 ppm), and U (> 19 ppm) as well as chondrite-normalized rare earth element (REE) distribution patterns of the agates with pronounced negative Eu-anomalies, slightly positive Ce-anomalies and enriched heavy rare earth elements (HREE) indicate interactions of the host rocks and transport of SiO2 with magmatic volatiles (F/Cl, CO2) and heated meteoric water. Characteristic yellow cathodoluminescence (CL), heterogeneous internal textures as well as high defect density of micro- and macrocrystalline quartz detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy point to crystallization processes via an amorphous silica precursor under non-equilibrium conditions.
Effects of droughts, sea level rise, and increase in outfall discharges on phytoplankton in a temperate estuary (Tagus Estuary, Portugal)
Authors: Cereja Rui , Brotas Vanda , Brito Ana C. , Rodrigues Marta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe effects of climate change on the estuarine environment are not fully understood. In temperate regions, droughts are expected to increase in frequency and severity, due to lower precipitation, and the mean sea level is expected to rise. This study aimed to assess how the estuarine environment will be affected by river flow’s reduction, mean sea level rise, and the increase in nutrients discharged from anthropogenic sources. Seven scenarios were simulated and analyzed in the Tagus estuary (Portugal), using the hydrodynamic and biogeochemical model SCHISM: (i) reference scenario, (ii) 10% increase of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) outfall’s discharge, (iii) 25% reduction of the river flow, (iv) 50% reduction of the river flow, (v) sea level rise of 0.5 m, (vi) sea level rise of 1 m, and (vii) the combination of 0.5 m of sea level rise and 25% reduction of the river flow. Both the reduction of the river flow and mean sea level rise led to higher salinities and lower nutrients and chlorophyll-a concentrations in the mid and upper areas of the estuary. The reduction in riverine nutrients in the estuary may increase the importance of nutrients from anthropogenic sources (e.g. WTTP discharges) in shaping the spatial variability of the phytoplankton communities in the future.
Continuous purification of drugs by ionic liquid-drawn organic solvent forward osmosis and solute recovery
Authors: Li Jing , Gonzales Ralph Rolly , Takagi Ryosuke , Chen Ying-Cheng , Matsuoka Atsushi , Deng Luyao , Matsuyama Hideto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractClassical purification of pharmaceuticals is energy-intensive and employs toxic solvents that are discarded, calling for more sustainable methods. Here, we purified tetracycline by organic solvent forward osmosis using ionic liquids. Results show the osmotic enrichment of feed solutions containing different concentrations of tetracycline in methanol. The solvent flux during the filtration process is mainly influenced by solvent properties, such as molecular size, viscosity, polarity, and the solvent–membrane interaction. We evaporated the diluted draw solution to recover the draw solute for reuse. Overall ionic liquids appear as suitable draw solutes for organic solvent forward osmosis for pharmaceutical compound enrichment with draw solute recovery and reuse.
Investigating Damage Mechanisms in Cord-Rubber Composite Air Spring Bellows of Rail Vehicles and Representative Specimen Design
Authors: Torggler J. , Dutzler A. , Oberdorfer B. , Faethe T. , Müller H. , Buzzi C. , Leitner M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCord-rubber materials are used in crucial components of rail vehicles, such as air spring bellows in secondary suspension. A detailed understanding of the material behaviour of these components is thus of the utmost importance at an early stage of development. In general, a minor knowledge of the fatigue behaviour is currently all that is available today, while empirical methods involving designer experiences are in most cases essential requirements for this work. The design can be carried out more efficiently based on a representative cord-rubber composite specimen than on an entire air spring bellow. In this paper, the design of such representative specimens is shown taking different geometries and test conditions into consideration. It is found, that a flat specimen design is suitable for analysing the base material under different loading scenarios. The design and optimisation of the specimen geometry was carried out using finite element analysis, which was validated by means of optical strain measurement. The test procedure for the specimen was designed to provide a sound transferability to experimental testing of the components. A fracture pattern study was carried out using radiography and micro computed tomography. The results show, that the dominant damage mechanism is the separation of the layers from each other, denoted as delamination. In conclusion, the developed specimen is well suited for further investigations of the composite material. Furthermore, it will significantly accelerate the development of new air springs and new layups in particular. Future work will focus on a systematic investigation of the fatigue behaviour of the cord-rubber composite air-spring bellows based on the fatigue data of the representative specimens designed in this work.
Mapping natural language procedures descriptions to linear temporal logic templates: an application in the surgical robotic domain
Authors: Bombieri Marco , Meli Daniele , Dall’Alba Diego , Rospocher Marco , Fiorini Paolo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNatural language annotations and manuals can provide useful procedural information and relations for the highly specialized scenario of autonomous robotic task planning. In this paper, we propose and publicly release AUTOMATE, a pipeline for automatic task knowledge extraction from expert-written domain texts. AUTOMATE integrates semantic sentence classification, semantic role labeling, and identification of procedural connectors, in order to extract templates of Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) relations that can be directly implemented in any sufficiently expressive logic programming formalism for autonomous reasoning, assuming some low-level commonsense and domain-independent knowledge is available. This is the first work that bridges natural language descriptions of complex LTL relations and the automation of full robotic tasks. Unlike most recent similar works that assume strict language constraints in substantially simplified domains, we test our pipeline on texts that reflect the expressiveness of natural language used in available textbooks and manuals. In fact, we test AUTOMATE in the surgical robotic scenario, defining realistic language constraints based on a publicly available dataset. In the context of two benchmark training tasks with texts constrained as above, we show that automatically extracted LTL templates, after translation to a suitable logic programming paradigm, achieve comparable planning success in reduced time, with respect to logic programs written by expert programmers.
An Investigation of the Relationship Between Ethics-Oriented HRM Systems, Moral Attentiveness, and Deviant Workplace Behavior
Authors: Shahzad Khuram , Hong Ying , Muller Alan , DeSisto Marco , Rizvi Farheen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeviant workplace behaviors (DWB) cause enormous costs to organizations, sparking considerable interest among researchers and practitioners to identify factors that may prevent such behavior. Drawing on the theory of moral development, we examine the role of ethics-oriented human resource management (HRM) systems in mitigating DWB, as well as mechanisms that may mediate and moderate this relationship. Based on 232 employee-supervisor matched responses generated through a multi-source and multi-wave survey of 84 small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Pakistan, our multilevel analysis found that ethics-oriented HRM systems relate negatively to employee DWB via the mediation of perceptual and reflective moral attentiveness. This indirect relationship is further moderated by two societal-inequality induced factors – employee gender and income level – such that the indirect effects of ethics-oriented HRM systems on DWB through perceptual and reflective moral attentiveness are stronger among women and lower-income employees.
Lymphatic trafficking of immune cells and insights for cancer metastasis
Authors: Jackson David G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMost cancers and in particular carcinomas metastasise via the lymphatics to draining lymph nodes from where they can potentially achieve systemic dissemination by invasion of high endothelial blood venules (HEVs) in the paracortex [1, 2]. Currently however, the mechanisms by which tumours invade and migrate within the lymphatics are incompletely understood, although it seems likely they exploit at least some of the normal physiological mechanisms used by immune cells to access lymphatic capillaries and traffic to draining lymph nodes in the course of immune surveillance, immune modulation and the resolution of inflammation [3, 4]. Typically these include directional guidance via chemotaxis, haptotaxis and durotaxis, adhesion to the vessel surface via receptors including integrins, and junctional re-modelling by MMPs (Matrix MetalloProteinases) and ADAMs (A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinases) [5–7]. This short review focusses on a newly emerging mechanism for lymphatic entry that involves the large polysaccharide hyaluronan (HA) and its key lymphatic and immune cell receptors respectively LYVE-1 (Lymphatic Vessel Endothelial receptor) and CD44, and outlines recent work which indicates this axis may also be used by some tumours to aid nodal metastasis.
Both Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Are Essential to Prevent Infection: a Prospective Study in a Working Vaccinated Population from Southern France
Authors: Graça Daisy , Brglez Vesna , Allouche Jonathan , Zorzi Kévin , Fernandez Céline , Teisseyre Maxime , Cremoni Marion , Benzaken Sylvia , Pradier Christian , Seitz-Polski Barbara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCOVID-19 vaccines have significantly decreased the number of severe cases of the disease, but the virus circulation remains important, and questions about the need of new vaccination campaigns remain unanswered. The individual’s protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection is most commonly measured by the level and the neutralizing capacity of antibodies produced against SARS-CoV-2. T cell response is a major contributor in viral infection, and several studies have shown that cellular T cell response is crucial in fighting off SARS-CoV-2 infection. Actually, no threshold of protective immune response against SARS-CoV2 infection has been identified. To better understand SARS-CoV-2-mediated immunity, we assessed both B cell (measuring anti-Spike IgG titer and neutralization capacity) and T cell (measuring IFNγ release assay after specific SARS-CoV2 stimulation) responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with or without virus encounter in a cohort of 367 working volunteers. Vaccinated individuals who had previously been infected had a stronger and more lasting immunity in comparison to vaccinated individuals naive to infection whose immunity started to decline 3 months after vaccination. IFNγ release ≥ 0.285 IU/mL and anti-Spike IgG antibodies ≥ 244 BAU/mL were associated with a sufficient immune response following vaccination preventing future infections. Individuals with comorbidities had a lower chance of reaching the protective thresholds of T cell and B cell responses as identified in multivariate analysis. A combined B cell and T cell analysis of immune responses to determine protective thresholds after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination will allow us to identify individuals in need of a booster vaccine dose, particularly in comorbid subjects.