bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Island Dorsalis Pedis Flap
Authors: Sharma Dr. B.K. , Verma Dr. P.K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Island Dorsalis pedis Flap is used for reconstruction of defects near the lower end of tibia and area adjacent to ankle joint. The flap is dissected as an island which aid greatly in increasing its arc of rotation and in improving its manouverability. The results are satisfactory functionally with acceptable donar site morbidity.
The effect of intergenerational mobility on family education investment: evidence from China
Authors: Zhao Nan , Liao Wanqing , Xia Jun , Zhang Zizhe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe discussion of inequality has been an enduring topic in sociology and economics. With the intensification of inequality, an increasing amount of research has begun to focus on the impact of inequality on various aspects of the economy and society. However, research on how inequality affects families’ education investment behavior currently remains relatively scarce. This study contributes to filling this gap by presenting one of the first analyses of the effect of intergenerational mobility-based opportunity inequality on family education investment. Specifically, based on a Chinese population sample survey conducted in 2015 and the China Family Panel Studies survey conducted in 2018, this paper measures the intergenerational mobility of regions using an index of intergenerational educational rank correlation, and it uses extracurricular tutoring expenses to measure families’ investment in their children’s education. The benchmark regression results show that intergenerational mobility significantly negatively impacts family education investment, with the average family education investment decreasing by 25.75 percent for every 0.1-unit increase in intergenerational mobility. This negative effect remains significant after robustness tests, such as replacing the explanatory variables and dependent variables, considering the influence of important omitted variables, evaluating the impact of unobservable factors, and introducing an instrumental variable for two-stage least squares regression analysis. In addition, this negative impact is more prevalent among families with high socioeconomic status, while it is not significant in families with low socioeconomic status. The reason is that families with low socioeconomic status face greater credit constraints and intergenerational mobility incentives. Furthermore, an examination of the mechanisms involved reveals that although the improvement in intergenerational mobility may increase people’s confidence in investing, it ultimately reduces family education investment by lowering excessive anxiety and the extent of status-seeking behavior among families. According to the analysis, promoting equality of opportunity could mitigate China’s negative educational competition and facilitate the realization of the “Double Reduction” policy.
GP perspectives on a psychiatry phone line in Western Australia’s Great Southern region: implications for addressing rural GP workload
Authors: Cuesta-Briand Beatriz , Rock Daniel , Tayba Layale , Hoimes James , Ngo Hanh , Taran Michael , Coleman Mathew 
Published: September 2023

Background Mental illness is a public health challenge disproportionately affecting rural Australians. GPs provide most of the mental health care, and they report increasing levels of burnout and unsustainable workload in the context of increased patient complexity. This may be more salient in rural settings characterised by resource constraints. In this paper, we use evaluation data from a GP psychiatry phone line established in Western Australia’s Great Southern region in 2021 to describe GPs’ perspectives on the service and reflect on how it may help alleviate rural GP workload. Methods The sample was recruited among GPs practicing in the region. Data were collected through an online survey and semistructured interviews. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the survey data. Interview data were subjected to thematic analysis; qualitative survey data were used for triangulation. Results A total of 45 GPs completed the survey and 14 were interviewed. Interview data yielded three themes: the criticality of timeliness; the building blocks of confidence; and trust. GPs were highly satisfied with the service, and timeliness and trust were the characteristics underpinning its effectiveness. The service built GPs’ confidence in managing mental health and alcohol and other drug use issues through strengthening knowledge and providing reassurance. Conclusions Our results suggest that a telephone line operated by trusted, local psychiatrists with knowledge of the local mental health ecosystem of support can reduce rural GP workload through building confidence and strengthening personal agency, helping GPs navigate the ethical and clinical labyrinth of managing patient complexity in rural settings.
Embedding, extending, and distributing interpreter cognition with
technology
Authors: Mellinger Christopher D. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Interpreters work in increasingly technologized
environments, with access to hardware and software prior to and during the
interpreting task, which can support their work in a variety of ways. Some
of these tools are used prior to the interpreting task as a means to prepare
materials, terminology, and resources that can be later used while
interpreting. Other tools seek to support interpreters while interpreting,
including automated speech recognition systems, digital recording materials,
and digital pens, to allow interpreters to augment their ability to process
information and potentially enhance their performance. The presence and use
of these technologies ultimately alters and influences the work of
interpreters, particularly since these tools can extend and distribute
cognitive processes and resources across multiple interpreters and
technologies. This chapter takes a socio-cognitive perspective on
interpreting in order to more closely examine the interaction of technology
and interpreter cognition, focusing on several interrelated constructs of
interpreting, namely embedded and embodied cognition, extended cognition,
and distributed cognition. These cognitive frameworks, which are often
collectively referred to as situated or 4EA cognition, illustrate the
importance of recognizing the contextualized and situated nature of
interpreting with respect to technologies used to support interpreters in
their work.
Is seeing believing?
Authors: Bryfonski Lara 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study compares the effects of visual and oral corrective feedback (CF) on L2 pronunciation development. While many studies have investigated the effects of oral CF for various types of L2 learner productions (Li, 2010; Mackey & Goo, 2007), research in visual biofeedback is still developing (Antolík et al., 2019; Gick, et al., 2008). In this study, 21 Japanese learners of English were divided into two groups: an oral CF group and a visual (ultrasound) CF group where participants received either oral or visual feedback on task-essential pronunciations of English /l/ and /r/ after induced communication breakdowns in task-based interactions. Development, determined by accuracy ratings of /l/ and /r/ productions and comprehensibly ratings of phrases from reading passages by naïve raters, was examined pre and post participation in task-based interactions. Introspective reports in the form of stimulated recall interviews assessed learners’ noticing of visual and oral CF and provided qualitative evaluations of the utility of ultrasound imaging for improving pronunciation. Findings uncovered gains for the group who received biofeedback using ultrasound on a story reading task, but not a word list task, when compared with learners who only received oral CF. The training was positively received by participants with those in the ultrasound group finding use of the ultrasound motivating and useful for their production of /r/ and /l/.
Regressive cross-linguistic influence in multilingual speech
rhythm
Authors: Brown-Bousfield Megan M. , Chang Charles B. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
While previous work on multilingual speech rhythm has
found evidence of progressive cross-linguistic
influence of a first or second language (L1, L2) on a
third language (L3), regressive cross-linguistic influence (rCLI) in
rhythm remains understudied. In the current study, we tested the
roles of order
of acquisition and of language similarity in shaping
rCLI from syllable-timed Spanish as L3 to
stress-timed English and German as
L1/L2. In a picture narration task, adult sequential trilinguals (L1 English-L2 German-L3 Spanish, L1
German-L2 English-L3 Spanish) and sequential bilingual controls (L1
English-L2 German, L1 German-L2 English) produced semi-spontaneous
speech in each of their languages, which was analyzed
in terms of the rhythm metric VarcoV. Results showed
evidence of rCLI in English (the typologically more similar language
to Spanish) but no evidence of rCLI in German; however, rCLI in
English was found only when English was the L1. On the basis of
these findings, we propose the Similarity Convergence
Hypothesis (SCH), which claims that previously acquired
languages that are more similar to a later-acquired language are
relatively more vulnerable to rCLI from this
language.
Simulation of kerr nonlinearity: revealing initial state dependency
Authors: Agasti Souvik 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We simulate coherent driven free dissipative Kerr nonlinear system numerically using time-evolving block decimation (TEBD) algorithm and time propagation on the Heisenberg equation of motion using Euler’s method to study how the numerical results are analogous to classical bistability . The system evolves through different trajectories to stabilize different branches for different external drives and initial conditions. The Wigner state reprentation confirms the system to suffer a residual effect of initial state throughout the non-classical dynamical evolution and the metastable states of the system . Furthermore, we also see the numerically simulated spectral density remains significantly different from analytical counterparts when initial states do not lie to the same branch of the final state.
Catalytic properties of CeO2/TiO2 synthesized by different methods towards the organic dye photodegradation and NH3 selected catalytic removal of NOx
Authors: Ning Deyang , He Jiaxiong , Li Junqi , Liu Zuoyu , Liao Renjie , Lan Yuanpei , Wang Fan , Zou Zhou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this work, three synthesis methods including photo-chemical, precipitation and hydrothermal were applied for synthesizing CeO2/TiO2 catalysts, and the catalytic performance including photodegradation degrees for organic pollutant and ammonia selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) for NO removal were investigated. It was found that the photo-chemical synthesized CeO2-TiO2-PC exhibited the best photodegradation ability for methylene blue (MB), which had the degradation ratio of 91.21% and was approximately 23.92% higher than that with the matrix of rutile TiO2. The formed Ce-Ti heterojunction enhanced the separation of e
−/h
+ and further promoted the photocatalytic properties. Moreover, the CeO2-TiO2-PC, and the CeO2-TiO2-P which synthesized by the precipitation method showed better NH3-SCR properties than that of hydrothermal synthesized CeO2-TiO2-H below 300 °C, while the CeO2-TiO2-H owned an outstanding NH3-SCR performance above 300 °C. The difference on the NH3-SCR properties may be major attributed to the acid sites, pore structures and surface areas on the surface of different catalysts.
Design of a novel D-shaped SPR sensor with high sensitivity based on PCF for ultra-low refractive index detection
Authors: Luo Biyun , An Mengdi , Hu Tianqi , Jia Hongzhi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a novel D-shaped plasmon resonance sensor based on photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is proposed to detect analytical materials with low refractive index. There are three arc-shaped small holes on both upper and lower edges of the fiber core, which can enhance the surface plasmon effect. The operation wavelength of the sensor is from 2243 nm to 2651 nm when its measurable refractive index range is between 1.17 and 1.27. The maximum spectral sensitivity of the sensor can be reached to 20 300 nm RIU−1, and the optimal resolution is 4.93 × 10−6 RIU. In our knowledge, the current literature indicates that when the refractive index is less than 1.3, this is the sensor with the highest spectral sensitivity among the reported low refractive index PCF-surface plasmon resonance sensors.
Fault Diagnosis of the LAMOST Fiber Positioner Based on a Long Short-term Memory (LSTM) Deep Neural Network
Authors: Tang Yihu , Wang Yingfu , Duan Shipeng , Liang Jiadong , Cai Zeyu , Liu Zhigang , Hu Hongzhuan , Wang Jianping , Chu Jiaru , Cui Xiangqun , Zhang Yong , Zhang Haotong , Zhou Zengxiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) has been in normal operation for more than 10 yr, and routine maintenance is performed on the fiber positioner every summer. The positioning accuracy of the fiber positioner directly affects the observation performance of LAMOST, and incorrect fiber positioner positioning accuracy will not only increase the interference probability of adjacent fiber positioners but also reduces the observation efficiency of LAMOST. At present, during the manual maintenance process of the positioner, the fault cause of the positioner is determined and analyzed when the positioning accuracy does not meet the preset requirements. This causes maintenance to take a long time, and the efficiency is low. To quickly locate the fault cause of the positioner, the repeated positioning accuracy and open-loop calibration curve data of each positioner are obtained in this paper through the photographic measurement method. Based on a systematic analysis of the operational characteristics of the faulty positioner, the fault causes are classified. After training a deep learning model based on long short-term memory, the positioner fault causes can be quickly located to effectively improve the efficiency of positioner fault cause analysis. The relevant data can also provide valuable information for annual routine maintenance methods and positioner designs in the future. The method of using a deep learning model to analyze positioner operation failures introduced in this paper is also of general significance for the maintenance and design optimization of fiber positioners using a similar double-turn gear transmission system.
Roles of the Indo-Pacific subsurface Kelvin waves and volume transport in prolonging the triple-dip 2020–2023 La Niña
Authors: Li Mingting , Cao Ziyang , Gordon Arnold L , Zheng Fei , Wang Dongxiao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The rare triple-dip 2020–2023 La Niña event has resulted in a series of extreme climate events across the globe. Here, we reveal the role of tropical Indo-Pacific oceanic interactions in driving the first triple-dip La Niña of the twenty-first century. Specifically, we found that the eastern Indian Ocean subsurface warming anomalies were associated with the re-intensification of the subsequent La Niña event. The subsurface warming anomaly signals were propagated eastward by equatorial and coastal subsurface Kelvin waves from the eastern Indian Ocean to the western Pacific Ocean through the Indo-Pacific oceanic pathway, which contributes to the accumulation of heat content and deepens the thermocline in the western tropical Pacific. The westward Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) transported more heat during multi-year La Niña events from the western Pacific Ocean to the eastern Indian Ocean than during single-year events, resulting in the injection of more warm water into the eastern Indian Ocean. The combination of subsurface Kelvin wave propagation and increased ITF volume transport in the Indo-Pacific region acted to prolong the heat content in the western Pacific during the decay phase of La Niña, ultimately leading to the rare triple-dip 2020–2023 La Niña event.
Finding the best path based on geographic information systems for transporting construction waste
Authors: Hameed A H , Rashid H A , Alhashemy A A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With the continued growth of the population, the activities resulting from this growth increased, especially urban expansion, which produced large construction waste. The random accumulation of this waste has turned into a global problem that cannot be ignored or postponed. Therefore, special landfills were established to transport the waste generated in any area to it, and because the cost of transportation depends the path that is taken directly, the best path had to be chosen. With the lack of scientific awareness of choosing the best path, this increased the cost of transportation, and here the need to intensify efforts and use technology to solve this problem. In this paper, the selection of the best path was studied. The field of study is in the city of Baghdad, where a specific building and two landfills approved by the Municipality of Baghdad were chosen. The required locations were obtained using (Google Earth) software, and the road network was downloaded with (QGIS) software, then (ArcMap) was used to determine the best path. As the first landfill was the closest in distance and the second was less in time. The study found that GIS technology is effective in the selection process and recommended the need to use GIS technology in construction waste management, and to install special steering devices on construction waste transport vehicles.
Applications of Super Critical Technology in Biodiesel Production
Authors: Shunaia Ahmed Ayad , Jazie Ali A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Because of the scarcity of fossil fuels, it’s crucial to look into non-conventional options. In this context, “biofuel” refers to any fuel, liquid, gaseous, or solid, that is primarily derived from biomass. Many different types of biofuels exist, including ethanol, methanol, diesel, and hydrogen. Biodiesel, is a promising alternative fuel. It’s eco-friendly and manufactured from edible or nonedible oils. Transesterification, non-catalytic supercritical fluid technique, micro emulsion, pyrolysis, and other methods have all been recorded for producing biodiesel from vegetable oil and lipids. This article compares and contrasts the advantages of using conventional catalytic processes to produce biodiesel with those of using supercritical fluids (SCF). Concerns have been raised regarding the substantial amount of energy that must be expended in order to carry out supercritical reactions under conditions of high pressure and temperature. This is despite the fact that the catalyst-free SCF method clearly offers a number of benefits that are hard to ignore. Because of this, the SCF process has significant difficulties that need fixing before it can become a long-term viable technology.
Assessment of Biological Trickling System with Different Layers of Material for Grey Water Treatment
Authors: Abbas Ebtesam K. , Ali Seroor Atalah K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Greywater reuse is an attractive alternative whenever water resources are scarce because it can lower water demand and increase available water supply. This study used simple, easy-to-find treatment and purification methods to examine how gray sewage from homes could be used in agriculture. The primary motivation for reducing agricultural fertilizer consumption is financial gain. If feasible, society can achieve more acceptable economic objectives. The multimedia biofilter, a biological trickling filter, treats wastewater biologically by attaching biomass to various media. In this investigation, raw greywater was settled for two hours. The same influent was used to compare and contrast two treatment approaches. The treatment methods include an exploration of the effectiveness of two filters. The first filter comprises sand, gravel, cotton, and activated carbon filtration layers. The second contains sand, gravel, brick bat, wood chips, and rice husk filtration layers. Gray water was purified utilizing a sand filtration system (gravel and sand), along with the addition of other materials to improve the effectiveness of the treatment. These additional materials included cotton, active carbon, brick, wood chips, and rice husks. Chemical tests were performed on the graywater, and each component was identified. Overall, the sand-gravel-cotton-activated carbon filter improved greywater quality to irrigation standards by reducing organic matter. The second filter (made of sand, gravel, brick, wood chips, and rice husks) is a low-cost greywater recycling unit. But there is still room for improvement in how well these filters work with higher and changing loads and how long their materials last. As a result, most of the filter materials used were waste products generated inside homes and are said to be the least expensive and most inexpensive filters.
Performance Evaluation of conventional Sewage Treatment Plant, Iraq
Authors: Hantoush Noor Kareem , Ghawi Ali Hadi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One of the most pressing challenges facing contemporary health is the purification of drinking water and wastewater. Pollutants in wastewater are among the most widespread in the environment, and there is a broad spectrum of detrimental impacts associated with untreated or badly treated wastewater. The current research assessed the efficacy of the Al Rumaitha wastewater treatment facility in Muthanna province, Iraq, in eliminating municipal pollutants according to national standards. Pollutant characteristics were measured using samples taken both from the plant’s raw wastewater intake and its finished treated water output. These parameters are the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids(TSS), Ammonia (NH3), Phosphorus (PO4), and the quantitative measure of the acidity or basicity (pH). According to the results, all analyses of collected samples of the plant’s effluent met the Iraqi water quality standards(IWQS) for pH, COD, BOD5, and TSS, whereas the values of NH3 and PO4 did not reach the (IWQS) in all months. where mean monthly removal efficiencies of 86% for BOD5, 80% for COD, 93% for TSS, 39% for PO4, and 27% for NH3 were achieved. Briefly, it can be said that the Al-Rumaitha WWTP has an acceptable level of efficacy in treating wastewater for some of the examined parameters and providing water in line with Iraqi environmental regulations, but not for others.