bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEBIJAKAN SANKSI PIDANA DALAM PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI DI INDONESIA
Authors: SISKA AMELYA  , Fitri Elfiani  
Published: August 2023

Sanksi pidana bertujuan memberi penderitaan istimewa (Bijzonder leed) kepada pelanggar supaya ia merasakan akibat perbuatannya. Selain ditujukan pada pengenaan penderitaan terhadap pelaku, sanksi pidana juga merupakan bentuk pernyataan pencelaan terhadap perbuatan si pelaku. Kebijakan pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi dengan menggunakan hukum (sanksi) pidana merupakan cara yang selama ini digunakan di dalam perundang-undangan korupsi di Indonesia. Tulisan ini membahas mengenai sanksi pidana dalam perkara tindak pidana korupsi. Jenis dan sifat penelitian adalah penelitian hukum normatif, peneliti mengumpulkan data yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu kajian kepustakaan. Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif serta menarik kesimpulan penulis menggunakan metode berfikir deduktif.
Dalam rangka mewujudkan kebijakan penetapan sanksi yang rasional dan sesuai dengan hukum pidana, hendaknya diperhatikan sanksi tindakan yang setara dengan sanksi pidana, karena: memperhatikan hakikat permasalahannya, tindak pidana korupsi sebagai kejahatan yang berdimensi baru, lebih dekat dengan masalah-masalah perekonomian, maka dalam pemidanannya akan lebih sesuai apabila lebih diutamakan penggunaan sanksi tindakan dan atau pidana denda. Saran peneliti hendaknya sanksi pidana tambahan diformulasikan menjadi sanksi tindakan, sehingga sanksi tindakan menjadi sanksi mandiri yang setara dengan sanksi pidana.
Adsorption of Cu and Cd Metals in Batik Liquid Waste Using Adsorbents from Chicken Bone Waste
Authors: Puspita Anggraeni Elisa , Khoirunnisa Fithnatia , Aktawan Agus 
Published: August 2023

From the beginning to the refinement process, the batik production process is indicated using chemicals that contain heavy metal elements so that the waste also still contains these heavy metal elements. If the waste material is not treated correctly, then the waste material can pollute the environment. Batik waste has carcinogenic properties because synthetic dyes still contain many heavy metals. Heavy metal pollution causes environmental damage and is dangerous to health. Chicken bones can be used as heavy metal adsorbents because, chemically, the main composition contains about 85% of minerals: calcium phosphate, 14% calcium carbonate, and 1% magnesium. The results showed that the chicken bone charcoal could adsorb the color from deep blue to clear yellow, a decrease in pH from 12 to pH 7, and a decrease in Cu metal content decrease by 50.19% and 19.36% for Cd metal. The metal content of the adsorption results has met the waste requirements with SNI 6889.67-2009 for Cu metal <0.003 mg/l and SNI 6989.16:2009 for Cd metal <0.01 mg/l.
AbstrakProses produksi batik dari awal hingga proses penyempurnaan diindikasikan menggunakan bahan kimia yang mengandung unsur logam berat, sehingga limbahnya juga masih mengandung unsur logam berat tersebut. Limbah cair dari produksi batik perlu diolah dengan baik, agar limbah cair tersebut tidak memberikan dampak buruk atau mencemari lingkungan. Limbah batik memiliki sifat karsinogenik karena pewarna sintetis yang digunakan masih banyak mengandung logam berat. Pencemaran logam berat menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan dan berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Tulang ayam dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben logam berat karena secara kimia komposisi utama mengandung sekitar 85% mineral yaitu kalsium karbonat, kalsium fosfat, dan magnesium. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arang tulang ayam mampu menyerap warna dari biru tua menjadi kuning jernih, penurunan pH dari 12 menjadi pH 7 dan penurunan kandungan logam Cu sebesar 50,19% dan logam Cd sebesar 19,36%. Kandungan logam hasil adsorpsi telah memenuhi persyaratan limbah dengan SNI 6889.67-2009 untuk logam Cu <0,003 mg/l dan SNI 6989.16:2009 untuk logam Cd <0,01 mg/l.
Metodologicheskie podkhody k issledovaniiu strukturnoi dinamiki v ekonomike intellektual'noi sobstvennosti
Authors: Aleksandrova Anna Vladimirovna 
Published: August 2023

The chapter discusses the methodology of measuring and monitoring the structural dynamics of economic systems is considered. It is proposed to generalize the existing models of indicators for assessing structural changes into three main groups: index, spatial-geometric and matrix. It is demonstrated that structural shifts in the economy of intellectual property are realized both at the level of patenting subjects and at the level of intellectual property rights objects. It is proposed to apply an approach to the study of the structural dynamics of the intellectual property economy, where structural changes are considered as a «factor-influence» – «factor-result».
Emissions and health risks from the use of 3D printers in an occupational setting
Authors: Chan Felix L , Hon Chun-Yip , Tarlo Susan M. , Rajaram Nikhil , House Ronald 
Published: August 2023

<p>The aim of this study was to determine concentrations of particulates and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from 3D printers using polylactic acid (PLA) filaments at a university workroom to assess exposure and health risks in an occupational setting. Under typical-case (one printer) and worst-case (three printers operating simultaneously) scenarios, particulate concentra- tion (total and respirable), VOCs and formaldehyde were measured. Air samples were collected in the printing room and adjacent hallway. Size resolved levels of nano-diameter particles were also collected in the printing room. Total particulate levels were higher in the worst-case scenario (0.7 mg/m3) vs. typical-case scenario (0.3 mg/m3). Respirable particulate and formaldehyde con- centrations were similar between the two scenarios. Size-resolved measurements showed that most particles ranged from approximately 27 to 116 nm. Total VOC levels were approximately 6-fold higher during the worst-case scenario vs. typical situation with isopropyl alcohol being the predominant VOC. Airborne concentrations in the hallway were generally lower than inside the printing room. All measurements were below their respective occupational exposure limits. In summary, emissions of particulates and VOCs increased when multiple 3D printers were operating simultaneously. Airborne levels in the adjacent hallway were similar between the two scenarios. Overall, data suggest a low risk of significant and persistent adverse health effects. Nevertheless, the health effects attributed to 3D printing are not fully known and adherence to good hygiene principles is recommended during use of this technology. </p>
THE ANALYSIS OF AFFECTIVE FACTORS ENHANCEMENT ON EFL TEACHING ACTIVITY
Authors: Purnawati Purnawati , Kurniawan Andri , Shopia Khilda 
Published: August 2023

Learning English has its own challenge for Junior High school students in Indonesia. One of the ways to cope with the challenges is by enhancing students’ affective factors such as self-confidence, language ego, risk-taking willingness, and connecting with first language culture. However, researches on these types of affective factors are insufficient thus the researchers were interested to conduct research on the topic. The current study was implementing the narrative qualitative method, where EFL teaching activity was observed. It intended to analyze the teachers’ effort to develop EFL students’ affective variables. The EFL class observed the 9th grade of a private junior high school in West Java which was involving one EFL teacher and 29 students. The research shows that teachers did give favor the development of students’ affective variables as many as 32% from the lists observed. However, it is not sufficient, not programmed, and not systematical. The researchers suggest the educators systematically enhance students’ affective factors in the classroom setting. For further research, it is recommended to conduct research related to the effective factors with broader scopes and samples.
Keywords: Affective Factors, Affective enhancement, EFL Students, Teacher Effort
RANCANG BANGUN APLIKAIS PEMESANAN AIR GALON PADA DEPOT WINDY BERBASIS ANDROID
Authors: Laia Darman Hati , Silalahi Mesri 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Water is one of the primary needs in human life, starting from daily activities such as drinking, bathing, cooking, to the field of industrial processing on a large scale, therefore good quality water is needed. Depot Windy is a refill drinking water business produced by PT. Lautan Bening which has been operating since 2016, with daily sales of around 200-300 gallons issued from 07.00 AM - 19.00 PM. However, there are problems related to the distribution of information between administrators, delivery staff and customers, so unwanted things often occur, such as gallons being stolen, gallons not being picked up, and payment transactions being delayed. In this journal, the author describes the development of an android-based gallon water ordering application using the SDLC (Software Development Life Cycles) method and the Waterfall development method which is connected via the user's cellphone. By creating good communication facilities, it can make it easier for sellers and customers to make transactions online and in real time, make it easier for customers to know the availability of gallons of water, and achieve the company's long-term goal of increasing sales.
The salamander blastema within the broader context of metazoan regeneration
Authors: Tajer Benjamin , Savage Aaron M. , Whited Jessica L. 
Published: August 2023

Throughout the animal kingdom regenerative ability varies greatly from species to species, and even tissue to tissue within the same organism. The sheer diversity of structures and mechanisms renders a thorough comparison of molecular processes truly daunting. Are “blastemas” found in organisms as distantly related as planarians and axolotls derived from the same ancestral process, or did they arise convergently and independently? Is a mouse digit tip blastema orthologous to a salamander limb blastema? In other fields, the thorough characterization of a reference model has greatly facilitated these comparisons. For example, the amphibian Spemann-Mangold organizer has served as an amazingly useful comparative template within the field of developmental biology, allowing researchers to draw analogies between distantly related species, and developmental processes which are superficially quite different. The salamander limb blastema may serve as the best starting point for a comparative analysis of regeneration, as it has been characterized by over 200 years of research and is supported by a growing arsenal of molecular tools. The anatomical and evolutionary closeness of the salamander and human limb also add value from a translational and therapeutic standpoint. Tracing the evolutionary origins of the salamander blastema, and its relatedness to other regenerative processes throughout the animal kingdom, will both enhance our basic biological understanding of regeneration and inform our selection of regenerative model systems.
Mitochondrial DNA mutations can influence the post-implantation development of human mosaic embryos
Authors: Ijuin Akifumi , Ueno Hiroe , Hayama Tomonari , Miyai Shunsuke , Miyakoshi Ai , Hamada Haru , Sueyoshi Sumiko , Tochihara Shiori , Saito Marina , Hamanoue Haruka , Takeshima Teppei , Yumura Yasushi , Miyagi Etsuko , Kurahashi Hiroki , Sakakibara Hideya , Murase Mariko 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Several healthy euploid births have been reported following the transfer of mosaic embryos, including both euploid and aneuploid blastomeres. This has been attributed to a reduced number of aneuploid cells, as previously reported in mice, but remains poorly explored in humans. We hypothesized that mitochondrial function, one of the most critical factors for embryonic development, can influence human post-implantation embryonic development, including a decrease of aneuploid cells in mosaic embryos.Methods: To clarify the role of mitochondrial function, we biopsied multiple parts of each human embryo and observed the remaining embryos under in vitro culture as a model of post-implantation development (n = 27 embryos). Karyotyping, whole mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing, and mtDNA copy number assays were performed on all pre- and post-culture samples.Results: The ratio of euploid embryos was significantly enhanced during in vitro culture, whereas the ratio of mosaic embryos was significantly reduced. Furthermore, post-culture euploid and culturable embryos had significantly few mtDNA mutations, although mtDNA copy numbers did not differ.Discussion: Our results indicate that aneuploid cells decrease in human embryos post-implantation, and mtDNA mutations might induce low mitochondrial function and influence the development of post-implantation embryos with not only aneuploidy but also euploidy. Analyzing the whole mtDNA mutation number may be a novel method for selecting a better mosaic embryo for transfer.
Nox1-based NADPH oxidase regulates the Par protein complex activity to control cell polarization
Authors: Valdivia Alejandra , Duran Charity , Lee Mingyoung , Williams Holly C. , Lee Moo-Yeol , San Martin Alejandra 
Published: August 2023

Cell migration is essential for many biological and pathological processes. Establishing cell polarity with a trailing edge and forming a single lamellipodium at the leading edge of the cell is crucial for efficient directional cell migration and is a hallmark of mesenchymal cell motility. Lamellipodia formation is regulated by spatial-temporal activation of the small GTPases Rac and Cdc42 at the front edge, and RhoA at the rear end. At a molecular level, partitioning-defective (Par) protein complex comprising Par3, Par6, and atypical Protein Kinase (aPKC isoforms ζ and λ/ι) regulates front-rear axis polarization. At the front edge, integrin clustering activates Cdc42, prompting the formation of Par3/Par6/aPKC complexes to modulate MTOC positioning and microtubule stabilization. Consequently, the Par3/Par6/aPKC complex recruits Rac1-GEF Tiam to activate Rac1, leading to lamellipodium formation. At the rear end, RhoA-ROCK phosphorylates Par3 disrupting its interaction with Tiam and inactivating Rac1. RhoA activity at the rear end allows the formation of focal adhesions and stress fibers necessary to generate the traction forces that allow cell movement. Nox1-based NADPH oxidase is necessary for PDGF-induced migration in vitro and in vivo for many cell types, including fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. Here, we report that Nox1-deficient cells failed to acquire a normal front-to-rear polarity, polarize MTOC, and form a single lamellipodium. Instead, these cells form multiple protrusions that accumulate Par3 and active Tiam. The exogenous addition of H2O2 rescues this phenotype and is associated with the hyperactivation of Par3, Tiam, and Rac1. Mechanistically, Nox1 deficiency induces the inactivation of PP2A phosphatase, leading to increased activation of aPKC. These results were validated in Nox1y/- primary mouse aortic smooth muscle cells (MASMCs), which also showed PP2A inactivation after PDGF-BB stimulation consistent with exacerbated activation of aPKC. Moreover, we evaluated the physiological relevance of this signaling pathway using a femoral artery wire injury model to generate neointimal hyperplasia. Nox1y/- mice showed increased staining for the inactive form of PP2A and increased signal for active aPKC, suggesting that PP2A and aPKC activities might contribute to reducing neointima formation observed in the arteries of Nox1y/- mice.
Zn nutrients-loaded chitosan nanocomposites and their efficacy as nanopriming agents for maize (Zea mays) seeds
Authors: Zungu Bongiwe , Kamdem Paumo Hugues , Gaorongwe Joseph Lesibe , Tsuene Gaborone Neo , Ruzvidzo Oziniel , Katata-Seru Lebogang 
Published: August 2023

Recent breakthroughs in agro-inputs research have led to the development of nanomaterials that can promote precision agriculture and better environmental security. The agricultural sector is increasingly facing the negative impacts of changing climates due to various stress conditions. To curb this scenario, economical and low-risk practices such as decreasing fertilizer inputs and seed priming have been promoted. In the current study, the H. odoratissimum aqueous extract was used to nucleate the Zn ionic species and grow the zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs). The developed nanocomposites and their ionic zinc precursor were then integrated into tripolyphosphate (TPP)-crosslinked chitosan (CS/TPP) nanostructures by ionic gelation. Advanced physicochemical characterization techniques (SEM, EDS, TEM, DLS, FTIR, TGA, and XPS) were exploited to report the morphology, hydrodynamic size, surface charge, and structural organization of the developed nanomaterials. These revealed positively charged particles with hydrodynamic size in the 149–257 nm range. The NPs were used as priming agents for Zea mays seeds. At 0.04%, the ZnO-loaded CS/TPP NPs achieved higher root and shoot elongation in 10-day old seedlings compared to other treatments. The pristine CS/TPP NPs, Zn(II)-laden CS/TPP NPs, and ZnO-loaded CS/TPP NPs at 0.01% significantly promoted the early seedling development of seeds under salt stress. This represents the first report showing ZnO integrated chitosan nanocomposites as an auspicious nanopriming agent for stimulating the seed germination of maize. The study envisages offering perspectives on utilizing green nanotechnology to improve the early seedling development of maize. Furthermore, it has the potential to contribute towards UN SDG 2, thus addressing the threats to global food insecurity and doubling agricultural productivity by 2030.
Drug-induced phospholipidosis is not correlated with the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 - inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 is cell line-specific
Authors: Diesendorf Viktoria , Roll Valeria , Geiger Nina , Fähr Sofie , Obernolte Helena , Sewald Katherina , Bodem Jochen 
Published: August 2023

Recently, Tummino et al. reported that 34 compounds, including Chloroquine and Fluoxetine, inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication by inducing phospholipidosis, although Chloroquine failed to suppress viral replication in Calu-3 cells and patients. In contrast, Fluoxetine represses viral replication in human precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) and Calu-3 cells. Thus, it is unlikely that these compounds have similar mechanisms of action. Here, we analysed a subset of these compounds in the viral replication and phospholipidosis assays using the Calu-3 cells and PCLS as the patient-near system. Trimipramine and Chloroquine induced phospholipidosis but failed to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in Calu-3 cells, which contradicts the reported findings and the proposed mechanism. Fluoxetine, only slightly induced phospholipidosis in Calu-3 cells but reduced viral replication by 2.7 orders of magnitude. Tilorone suppressed viral replication by 1.9 orders of magnitude in Calu-3 cells without causing phospholipidosis. Thus, induction of phospholipidosis is not correlated with the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2, and the compounds act via other mechanisms. However, we show that compounds, such as Amiodarone, Tamoxifen and Tilorone, with antiviral activity on Calu-3 cells, also inhibited viral replication in human PCLS. Our results indicate that antiviral assays against SARS-CoV-2 are cell-line specific. Data from Vero E6 can lead to non-transferable results, underlining the importance of an appropriate cell system for analysing antiviral compounds against SARS-CoV-2. We observed a correlation between the active compounds in Calu-3 cells and PCLS.
Genetic analysis of resistance and virulence characteristics of clinical multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis isolates
Authors: Li Ying , Yin Ming , Fang Chengju , Fu Yu , Dai Xiaoyi , Zeng Wei , Zhang Luhua 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveProteus mirabilis is the one of most important pathogens of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. mirabilis severely limits antibiotic treatments, which poses a public health risk. This study aims to investigate the resistance characteristics and virulence potential for a collection of P. mirabilis clinical isolates.Methods and resultsAntibiotic susceptibility testing revealed fourteen MDR strains, which showed high resistance to most β-lactams and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and a lesser extent to quinolones. All the MDR strains were sensitive to carbapenems (except imipenem), ceftazidime, and amikacin, and most of them were also sensitive to aminoglycosides. The obtained MDR isolates were sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq. The core genome-based phylogenetic tree reveals the high genetic diversity of these MDR P. mirabilis isolates and highlights the possibility of clonal spread of them across China. Mobile genetic elements SXT/R391 ICEs were commonly (10/14) detected in these MDR P. mirabilis strains, whereas the presence of resistance island PmGRI1 and plasmid was sporadic. All ICEs except for ICEPmiChn31006 carried abundant antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the HS4 region, including the extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) gene blaCTX-M-65. ICEPmiChn31006 contained the sole ARG blaCMY-2 and was nearly identical to the global epidemic ICEPmiJpn1. The findings highlight the important roles of ICEs in mediating the spread of ARGs in P. mirabilis strains. Additionally, these MDR P. mirabilis strains have great virulence potential as they exhibited significant virulence-related phenotypes including strong crystalline biofilm, hemolysis, urease production, and robust swarming motility, and harbored abundant virulence genes.ConclusionIn conclusion, the prevalence of MDR P. mirabilis with high virulence potential poses an urgent threat to public health. Intensive monitoring is needed to reduce the incidence of infections by MDR P. mirabilis.
Point of equilibrity. A narrative video game on decision-making during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis
Authors: Chrysanthi Angeliki , Katifori Akrivi , Kapralos Alexandros , Magklis Aristotelis , Antoniou Angeliki 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPoint of Equilibrity (PoE) is a narrative game designed and developed with the aim to simulate the COVID-19 pandemic from a government's point of view and offer different perspectives on the complexity of managing a pandemic crisis. The players are called to make important decisions during a health crisis in the simulated environment while considering significant historic and topical events, as well as possible economic, political, and social implications.MethodsThis paper presents the results of a user study with 37 adult participants aiming to examine (1) the effect of PoE gameplay on the players' perspective on the management of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, and (2) the effect of the players' FFM and DMQ personality traits profile on the game experience and the decision-making process. The participants played the game and then were asked to fill in an on-line questionnaire.Results and discussionThe results suggest that the game design offered an engaging game experience and was effective to promote reflection and perspective taking on different aspects of crisis management, as well as the supporting role of relevant historical information in the decision-making process. The study also reports correlations between specific personality traits, such the DMQ Thoroughness and Principled, the FFM Conscientiousness and Openness to experience with specific aspects of the game experience, such as absorption, perspective taking and the preference for more choices in the gameplay.