bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer master regulator through lncRNAs‐centered regulatory network
Authors: Ferraz Rafaella Sousa , Cavalcante João Vitor Ferreira , Magalhães Leandro , Ribeiro‐dos‐Santos Ândrea , Dalmolin Rodrigo Juliani Siqueira 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundMetastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is an aggressive form of cancer unresponsive to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) that spreads quickly to other organs. Despite reduced androgen levels after ADT, mCRPC development and lethality continues to be conducted by the androgen receptor (AR) axis. The maintenance of AR signaling in mCRPC is a result of AR alterations, androgen intratumoral production, and the action of regulatory elements, such as noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). ncRNAs are key elements in cancer signaling, acting in tumor growth, metabolic reprogramming, and tumor progression. In prostate cancer (PCa), the ncRNAs have been reported to be associated with AR expression, PCa proliferation, and castration resistance. In this study, we aimed to reconstruct the lncRNA‐centered regulatory network of mCRPC and identify the lncRNAs which act as master regulators (MRs).MethodsWe used publicly available RNA‐sequencing to infer the regulatory network of lncRNAs in mCRPC. Five gene signatures were employed to conduct the master regulator analysis. Inferred MRs were then subjected to functional enrichment and symbolic regression modeling. The latter approach was applied to identify the lncRNAs with greater predictive capacity and potential as a biomarker in mCRPC.ResultsWe identified 31 lncRNAs involved in cellular proliferation, tumor metabolism, and invasion‐metastasis cascade. SNHG18 and HELLPAR were the highlights of our results. SNHG18 was downregulated in mCRPC and enriched to metastasis signatures. It accurately distinguished both mCRPC and primary CRPC from normal tissue and was associated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell‐matrix adhesion pathways. HELLPAR consistently distinguished mCRPC from primary CRPC and normal tissue using only its expression.ConclusionOur results contribute to understanding the regulatory behavior of lncRNAs in mCRPC and indicate SNHG18 and HELLPAR as master regulators and potential new diagnostic targets in this tumor.
The tryptophan–kynurenine pathway in immunomodulation and cancer metastasis
Authors: Basson Charlise , Serem June Cheptoo , Hlophe Yvette Nkondo , Bipath Priyesh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe activation of the kynurenine pathway in cancer progression and metastasis through immunomodulatory pathways has drawn attention to the potential for kynurenine pathway inhibition. The activation of the kynurenine pathway, which results in the production of kynurenine metabolites through the degradation of tryptophan, promotes the development of intrinsically malignant properties in cancer cells while facilitating tumour immune escape. In addition, kynurenine metabolites act as biologically active substances to promote cancer development and metastasis.MethodsA literature review was conducted to investigate the role of the tryptophan‐kynurenine pathway in immunomodulation and cancer metastasis.ResultsEvidence suggests that several enzymes and metabolites implicated in the kynurenine pathway are overexpressed in various cancers. As such, the tryptophan pathway represents a promising target for cancer treatment. However, downstream signalling pathways, including aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation, have previously induced diverse biological effects in various malignancies, which resulted in either the promotion or the inhibition of metastasis.ConclusionAs a result, a thorough investigation of the kynurenine pathway and its regulatory mechanisms is necessary in order to properly comprehend the effects of kynurenine pathway activation involved in cancer development and metastasis.
Synthesis, Docking Studies and Evaluation of Chalcones as Anti‐Helicobacter pylori and antitumoral Agents
Authors: Pereira de Oliveira Borlot Jessica Rodrigues , Schlittler dos Santos Luna , Schwarzt Sampaio Guilherme José , Santos Borges Augusto , Rodrigues Ricardo Pereira , de Cássia Ribeiro Gonçalves Rita , Bezerra dos Santos Reginaldo , Kitagawa Rodrigo Rezende 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHelicobacter pylori colonizes the gastric epithelium of 50 % of world population and it is the main etiological agent of human chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. In this study, we synthesized and characterized a series of 14 chalcones and evaluated their anti‐H. pylori, NO inhibition (in vitro and in silico), and AGS cells cytotoxic effects. Compounds 3b and 3h showed MIC of 8 μg/mL. We observed structure‐activity relationships, mainly related to the influence of methoxy substituent at C‐2 (3b) and the nitro group at C‐4 (3h) in chalcone scaffold. The fourteen chalcones inhibited the NO production in LPS‐stimulated macrophages and showed potential for interaction on the active site of the iNOS enzyme. Finally, 3b and 3h showed the highest selectivity to the AGS cell lines. Thus, ours results suggest 3b and 3h as potential candidates for design of new and effective agents against H. pylori and related diseases.
Catalytic Conversion of Levulinic Acid to Pyrrolidone under Mild Conditions with Disordered Mesoporous Silica‐Supported Pt Catalyst
Authors: Liu Ziyue , Yan Long , Jiang Qian , Huang Yuhui , Yang Chengmei , Wang Chenguang , Lu Xi , Ma Longlong , Zhang Qi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCatalytic conversion of biomass‐derived levulinic acid (LA) into high‐valued 5‐methylpyrrolidones has become an attractive case in studies of biomass utilization. Herein, we developed a disordered mesoporous Pt/MNS catalyst for this reductive amination process under room temperature and atmospheric pressure of hydrogen. The disordered mesoporous structures in support of Pt/MNS catalyst led the formation of highly dispersed Pt species via confinement effect, providing high specific area for enhancing the catalytic sites. With the synergistic effect between highly dispersed Pt species and mesoporous structures, 5‐methylpyrrolidones were successfully synthesized from biomass‐derived LA and primary amines with high selectivity. Mechanism studies indicated that introducing protonic acid would promote the reductive‐amination process, and enamine intermediates could be detected during the in‐situ DRIFT tests. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation confirmed that the hydrogenation of enamine intermediate was more accessible than that of imide intermediates, leading the excellent performance of the Pt/MNS catalyst. This work provided a green method to produce 5‐methylpyrrolidone and revealed the impact of catalyst structural characteristics on the reaction process.
Responses to bright light exposure in individuals with binge‐spectrum eating disorders characterized by high dietary restraint and negative affect
Authors: Kambanis P. Evelyna , Bottera Angeline R. , De Young Kyle P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveCircadian rhythm disruptions are associated with binge eating, can be causal of negative mood, and may be corrected with bright light exposure. A subtype of individuals with binge‐spectrum eating disorders are characterized by combined high dietary restraint and negative affect. These individuals have higher eating disorder psychopathology and poorer treatment response. We aimed to test the targeted effects of morning bright light exposure on individuals with binge‐spectrum eating disorders, hypothesizing significant reductions in binge eating for those characterized by high dietary restraint and negative affect.MethodsParticipants (N = 34 females with binge‐eating disorder and bulimia nervosa) used a morning bright light and normal light for 10 consecutive days each, in randomized order. They completed the Change in Eating Disorder Symptoms (CHEDS) scale at baseline, day 12 (when they switched lamps), and day 22. We conducted moderation analyses, clustering data by person, controlling for order, and examining the effect of light condition on binge eating according to baseline restraint and negative affect.ResultsAt high levels of combined dietary restraint and negative affect, participants experienced a reduction in binge eating and food preoccupation following exposure to morning bright light. There were no changes in restrictive eating, body preoccupation, body dissatisfaction, or body checking following exposure to morning bright light for these individuals.DiscussionThese findings suggest that morning bright light may be a useful adjunct to empirically supported eating disorder treatments that target binge eating, especially for individuals characterized by the difficult to treat restraint/negative affect subtype.Public SignificanceAt high levels of combined dietary restraint and negative affect, participants with binge‐spectrum eating disorders experienced a reduction in binge eating and food preoccupation following exposure to morning bright light. These findings suggest that morning bright light may be a useful adjunct to empirically supported eating disorder treatments that target binge eating, especially for individuals characterized by the difficult‐to‐treat restraint/negative affect subtype.
Ambition‐driven aggression in response to significance‐threatening frustration
Authors: Resta Elena , Kruglanski Arie W. , Ellenberg Molly , Pierro Antonio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConceptualizing aggression as elicited by the significance‐reducing effects of frustration, and ambition as reflecting the quest for significance, we tested the role of ambition in the frustration–aggression relationship. Study 1 (N = 249) found that ambitious individuals are more sensitive to significance‐threatening frustration. Study 2 (N = 413) found that significance‐reducing (vs. non‐reducing) frustration leads to more aggressiveness through significance loss and that ambitious individuals react to significance‐reducing frustration more aggressively. Study 3 (N = 248) replicated this relation and demonstrated that the aggressiveness of ambitious individuals in reaction to significance‐reducing frustration is not related to their trait aggression. Study 4 (N = 196) showed that it is also unrelated to their trait‐level frustration, and Study 5 (N = 172) replicated the relation between ambition and aggression consequent significance‐reducing frustration with a different methodology. This research supports the notion that an aggressive response to frustration pertains to the significance‐reducing nature of the frustration, and that ambition is a moderator of this relation.
Actualising power sharing in community‐led initiatives: Insights from community‐based organisation leaders in Chicago, USA
Authors: Grant Alexis , Hebert‐Beirne Jeni , Lofton Saria , Floyd Brenikki , Stiehl Emily , Kim Sage 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is an increasing call for a governmental organisations such as local health departments and federal health and human service agencies to partner with community based organisations (CBOs) for health promotion. There is a large body of literature suggesting that CBOs need capacity building or empowerment to do this work, but less literature about the necessary culture shift at governmental organisations who fund public health work. This study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of CBO leadership who do not want to partner with state funders, and understand which structures and practices demonstrate power‐sharing in a community‐led approach. We conducted six interviews with community‐based organisation leaders and conducted a thematic analysis and a secondary, inductive discourse analysis of the transcripts to analyse why organisations chose not to apply for a government funded initiative and how they talked about power‐sharing for community‐led public health. Themes about the decision for CBOs to apply to the public health funding initiative: how it related to the CBO's scope of work, meeting the needs of the community, having the technical capacity, and cross‐cutting themes of putting the community first and having a long‐term positive impact. Organisations rejected the opportunity for this funding due to poor fit, even if they could fulfil the scope of work. A community‐led approach was described as one that includes the government giving up control, creating spaces for meaningful participation and power‐sharing, and systems demonstrating trust in CBOs. These findings reiterate that in order for public health to be community‐led, there needs to be system‐wide transformation and intentional investment that supports an infrastructure for community‐led public health. State funders can learn from practices in trust‐based philanthropy, such as flexible funding and reporting requirements. The results of this study can support the wider participation of CBOs in collaboration with state actors, maximising the transformative potential of collaboration, ultimately transforming power structures and advancing health equity.
Supporting teachers' professionalism: A legacy of Kenneth Goodman
Authors: Gilles Carol 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhole language (WL), emerging in the late 1970s, was a theory‐in‐practice, grass‐roots teachers' movement that dramatically changed classrooms worldwide. With an emphasis on student‐centered, meaning‐focused, experiential, and interactive engagement with the curriculum, this movement offered more choices and possibilities for classroom teachers and students. Using a systematic historical and archival inquiry of the written words of Ken Goodman, considered the founder of WL, and selected archival documents, I describe his influence on WL teachers' professionalism from mid‐1970s through mid‐1990s. Through his research, writings, and presentations, he positioned teachers as informed, empowered creators of curricular knowledge, instead of passive consumers and script‐followers. Pantić's (2017) model of teacher agency for social justice frames this inquiry and further explicates how WL teachers became agentic. The study concludes with reminders of Goodman's influence today. His respect and subsequent actions to further teachers' agency provides guidance as we address contemporary teacher challenges.
Evaluation of the white matter integrity in morbidly obese patients before and after bariatric surgery; a diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Atasoy Bahar , Balsak Serdar , Donmez Zeynep , Yurtsever Ismail , Yabul Fatma , Akcay Ahmet , Atila Naz , Cesme Dilek Hacer , Toluk Ozlem , Alkan Alpay 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the difference in FA (Fractional anisotropy), ADC (Apparent diffusion coefficient), RD (Radial diffusivity) and AD (axial diffusivity) values of white matter (WM) tracts in morbidly obese subjects before and after bariatric surgery (BS).Materials and MethodsA group of thirty‐nine morbidly obese subjects are evaluated before and 4–6 months after BS. ADC, FA, RD and AD values of 17 distinct neuroanatomic localizations are measured and DTI parameters are analyzed.ResultsFollowing the BS, the patients' mean BMI decreased from 47.665.21 to 31.723.97. A significant difference is displayed between the pre‐surgery and post‐surgery FA values of SLF, SFOF, ALIC, fornix, ILF, CST, MCP (p = 0.010, p < 0.001, p = 0.048, p = 0.014, p = 0.012, p = 0.012, p = 0.040 respectively). Following BS, decrease in FA values in the mentioned areas are detected. ADC values obtained from MCP are significantly lower in the post‐BS period compared to pre‐BS period (p = 0.018). There was a statistically significant difference between the pre‐surgery and post‐surgery AD values of SLF, SFOF, ILF, ALIC, EC, CST, and MCP (p = 0.001, p = 0.022, p = 0.001, p = 0.011, p = 0.001, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). Following the BS, AD values of the SLF, SFOF, ILF, ALIC, EC, CST, and MCP are decreased. RD values measured from GCC are significantly lower in the post‐BS period compared to pre‐BS period (p = 0.008).ConclusionOur study supported the hypothesis of the BS‐induced reversibility of the low‐grade inflammation in WM tracts in the morbidly obese group following BS. Our DTI results may represent the subacute period findings of the reversal of low‐grade inflammation after BS.
Long‐term observed changes of air temperature, relative humidity and vapour pressure deficit in Bolivia, 1950–2019
Authors: Fernández‐Duque B. , Vicente‐Serrano S. M. , Maillard O. , Domínguez‐Castro F. , Peña‐Angulo D. , Noguera I. , Azorin‐Molina C. , El Kenawy A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes the long‐term observed changes of mean (Tmean), maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) air temperatures, relative humidity (RH) and vapour pressure deficit (VPD) at different elevation ranges across Bolivia from 1950 to 2019. The linear trends in air temperature series present a significant increase, with no substantial seasonal or spatial differences. On an annual basis, RH exhibited a non‐significant decrease (−0.08% decade−1), while VPD showed a significant increase (0.01 hPa decade−1) (p < 0.05). Although prior research has suggested that highland elevations experience faster warming than the global average, we have not identified a distinct correlation between elevation gradients and differential warming rates in Bolivia. Future research could investigate elevation‐dependent climate trends by examining seasonal and monthly patterns of climatic variables in relation to topographical gradients in various highland regions.
Effect of tannic acid modification on the interface and emulsification properties of zein colloidal particles
Authors: Li Bojia , Wang Xinyi , Gao Jin , Liang Hongshan , Wu Di , Chu Shang , Zhu Xiangwei , Zhou Bin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDInterface modification driven by supramolecular self‐assembly has been accepted as a valuable strategy for emulsion stabilization enhancement. However, there has been a dearth of comparative research on the effect of simple complexation and assembly from the perspective of the responsible mechanism.RESULTSThe present study selected zein and tannic acid (TA) as representative protein and polyphenol modules for self‐assembly (coined as TA‐modified zein particle and TA‐zein complex particle) to explore the surface properties and interfacial behavior, as well as the stability of constructed Pickering emulsions to obtain the regulation law of different modification methods on the interfacial behavior of colloidal particles. The results demonstrated that TA‐modified zein colloidal particles potentially improved the emulsifying properties. When the TA concentration was 3 mmol L−1, the optimized TA‐modified zein particle was nano‐sized (109.83 nm) and had advantageous interfacial properties, including sharply reduced surface hydrophobicity, as well as a low diffusion rate at the oil/water interface. As a result, the shelf life of Pickering emulsion containing 50% oil phase was extended to 90 days.CONCLUSIONThrough multi‐angled research on the properties of the interfacial membrane, improvement of emulsion stability was a result of the formation of viscoelastic interfacial film that resulted from the decrease of absorption rate between particles and interface. Using refined regulation to investigate the role of different sample preparation methods from a mechanistic perspective. Overall, the present study has provided a reference for TA to regulate the surface properties and interface behavior of zein colloidal particles, enriched the understanding of colloidal interface assembly, and provided a theoretical basis for the quality control of interface‐oriented food systems. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A systematic review of ethical leadership in tourism and hospitality settings
Authors: Megheirkouni Majd 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to identify empirical studies that explore and investigate ethical leadership in order to assess and synthesise its impacts and outcomes. This study seeks to provide an evidence‐informed answer to the following questions: (a) how is ethical leadership defined in the field of tourism and hospitality? (b) in what settings/contexts was ethical leadership empirically investigated? (c) how was it examined? (d) what were the results of the ethical leadership studies? (e) and, finally, what is the future of ethical leadership in the tourism and hospitality industry? A systematic literature review, using medical science‐based methodology, was conducted to synthesise research by reliable means. Four themes were identified from the analysis. These themes are as follows: ethical leaders' characteristics, healthy work environment, ethical leadership effectiveness and the application of ethical leadership across cultures. The study provides the potential to move hospitality and tourism leadership forward and encourage researchers to investigate new research topics. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first systematic review focusing on ethical leadership in tourism and hospitality settings.
Completion of Fetal Anatomy Evaluations in Women With Body Mass Index ≥ 50 kg/m2
Authors: Buskmiller Cara , Huntley Erin , Blackburn Bonnie , Sanchez Darren , Hernandez‐Andrade Edgar 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesAs maternal body mass index (BMI) increases, fetal anatomy ultrasound becomes more challenging, less sensitive, and less likely to be complete. We sought to report our experience of incomplete evaluation of anatomy in patients with BMI of 50 kg/m2 or greater.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort of singleton gestations in mothers with BMI of 50 kg/m2 or greater, undergoing anatomy evaluations between 2017 and 2021 at 9 maternal‐fetal‐medicine sites in Houston, TX. Patient variables and scan results were collected throughout pregnancy to provide a longitudinal assessment of the primary outcome, completion rate (percent of all scans which optimally captured 24 American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine‐recommended images). Secondary outcomes included the rate of optimal capture of each individual structure.ResultsIn total, 293 patients with BMI ≥50 kg/m2 were identified. Only 28% of initial scans were complete, but over the entire pregnancy, a complete anatomic evaluation was achieved in 76% of women, largely due to weekly ultrasounds done for antenatal testing later in pregnancy. Neither BMI, placental location, nor amniotic fluid volume affected completion rate. The most difficult views are the outflow tracts, 4‐chamber view, and spine.ConclusionsOne quarter of women with BMI of 50 kg/m2 or greater will not have a complete fetal anatomic evaluation by the end of pregnancy, since even basic fetal anatomic views are technically challenging to complete. Solutions deserve further attention, and may include first trimester imaging, transvaginal imaging, and optimization of ultrasound machine settings.