bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graph regularized non-negative matrix factorization with prior knowledge consistency constraint for drug–target interactions prediction
Authors: Zhang Junjun , Xie Minzhu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Identifying drug–target interactions (DTIs) plays a key role in drug development. Traditional wet experiments to identify DTIs are expensive and time consuming. Effective computational methods to predict DTIs are useful to narrow the searching scope of potential drugs and speed up the process of drug discovery. There are a variety of non-negativity matrix factorization based methods to predict DTIs, but the convergence of the algorithms used in the matrix factorization are often overlooked and the results can be further improved.

Results
In order to predict DTIs more accurately and quickly, we propose an alternating direction algorithm to solve graph regularized non-negative matrix factorization with prior knowledge consistency constraint (ADA-GRMFC). Based on known DTIs, drug chemical structures and target sequences, ADA-GRMFC at first constructs a DTI matrix, a drug similarity matrix and a target similarity matrix. Then DTI prediction is modeled as the non-negative factorization of the DTI matrix with graph dual regularization terms and a prior knowledge consistency constraint. The graph dual regularization terms are used to integrate the information from the drug similarity matrix and the target similarity matrix, and the prior knowledge consistency constraint is used to ensure the matrix decomposition result should be consistent with the prior knowledge of known DTIs. Finally, an alternating direction algorithm is used to solve the matrix factorization. Furthermore, we prove that the algorithm can converge to a stationary point. Extensive experimental results of 10-fold cross-validation show that ADA-GRMFC has better performance than other state-of-the-art methods. In the case study, ADA-GRMFC is also used to predict the targets interacting with the drug olanzapine, and all of the 10 highest-scoring targets have been accurately predicted. In predicting drug interactions with target estrogen receptors alpha, 17 of the 20 highest-scoring drugs have been validated.
Exchanges of economic plants along the land silk road
Authors: Wang Guangyan , Chen Qian , Yang Ya , Duan Yuanwen , Yang Yongping 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Backgroud
The greatest contribution of the Silk Road is to communicate among different countries and nationalities, and promote two-way cultural exchanges between the East and the West. We now have clearer understanding about how material civilization and religious culture of Central Asia and West Asia spread eastward along the Land Silk Road. However, there is controversial about how crops migrate along the Land Silk Road.

Results
We summarize archaeology, genetics, and genomics data to explore crop migration patterns. Of the 207 crops that were domesticated along the Land Silk Road, 19 for which genomic evidence was available were selected for discussion.

Conclusions
There were conflicting lines of evidence for the domestication of Tibetan barley, mustard, lettuce, buckwheat, and chickpea. The main reasons for the conflicting results may include incomplete early knowledge, record differences in different period, sample sizes, and data analysis techniques. There was strong evidence that Tibetan barley, barley, and wheat were introduced into China before the existence of the Land Silk Road and mustard, lettuce, buckwheat, chickpea, alfalfa, walnut, cauliflower, grape, spinach, apple, cucumber, mulberry, and pea spread via trade and human migration along the Land Silk Road.
The association between initial calculated driving pressure at the induction of general anesthesia and composite postoperative oxygen support
Authors: Hosokawa Koji , Tanaka Katsuya , Ishihara Kayo , Yamazaki Yukiko , Matsuki Yuka , Shigemi Kenji 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Early discontinuation of postoperative oxygen support (POS) would partially depend on the innate pulmonary physics. We aimed to examine if the initial driving pressure (dP) at the induction of general anesthesia (GA) predicted POS prolongation.

Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective study using the facility's database. Consecutive subjects over 2 years were studied to determine the change in odds ratio (OR) for POS prolongation of different dP classes at GA induction. The dP (cmH2O) was calculated as the ratio of tidal volume (mL) over dynamic Crs (mL/cmH2O) regardless of the respiratory mode. The adjusted OR was calculated using the logistic regression model of multivariate analysis. Moreover, we performed a secondary subgroup analysis of age and the duration of GA.

Results
We included 5,607 miscellaneous subjects. Old age, high scores of American Society of Anesthesiologist physical status, initial dP, and long GA duration were associated with prolonged POS. The dP at the induction of GA (7.78 [6.48, 9.45] in median [interquartile range]) was categorized into five classes. With the dP group of 6.5–8.3 cmH2O as the reference, high dPs of 10.3–13 cmH2O and ≥ 13 cmH2O were associated with significant prolongation of POS (adjusted OR, 1.62 [1.19, 2.20], p = 0.002 and 1.92 [1.20, 3.05], p = 0.006, respectively). The subgroup analysis revealed that the OR for prolonged POS of high dPs disappeared in the aged and ≥ 6 h anesthesia time subgroup.

Conclusions
High initial dPs ≥ 10 cmH2O at GA induction predicted longer POS than those of approximately 7 cmH2O. High initial dPs were, however, a secondary factor for prolongation of postoperative hypoxemia in old age and prolonged surgery.
Establishment of a nonshockable rhythm cardiac arrest model caused by asphyxia
Authors: Zhang Chenyu , Zhan Haohong , Zhou Dawang , Li Tian , Zhang Qiang , Liu Cong , Wei Hongyan , Hu Chunlin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
Cardiac arrest (CA) is caused by a nonshockable rhythm with a low success rate of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and a poor prognosis. This study intended to establish a nonshockable rhythm CA model caused by asphyxia.

Materials and methods
Healthy adult male Wistar rats were injected with vecuronium bromide to induce CA. After the CA duration reached the target time point, cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed. The survival status and neurological and cardiac function were evaluated after ROSC. Brain histopathology, including hematoxylin staining, Nissl staining and Terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, was performed to evaluate the surviving cells and apoptotic cells. Apoptosis-related proteins after ROSC for 72 h were analyzed by western blot.

Results
CA was successfully induced in all animals. The time for the three groups of animals to PEA was 320 ± 22 s in the CA-8 group, 322 ± 28 s in the CA-12 group and 320 ± 18 s in the CA-15 group. The time to asystole was 436 ± 54 s in the CA-8 group, 438 ± 62 s in the CA-12 group and 433 ± 56 s in the CA-15 group. The NDS of rats in the CA group was significantly decreased after ROSC for 24 h. The NDS in the CA-15 group was 5–16 points, while it was 58–67 points and 15–43 points in the CA-8 and CA-12 groups, respectively. The cardiac function of animals in the CA group was impaired after ROSC, and the ejection fraction, fractional shortening, stroke volume and cardiac output, were all significantly decreased. Brain histopathology showed that the number of surviving neurons was decreased, and the number of apoptotic cells was increased in CA group, the longer the CA duration, the more apoptotic cells increased. The expression of the proapoptotic protein Bax and the apoptotic executive protein caspase3 in the hippocampus of CA rats was significantly increased, while the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly reduced.

Conclusions
The use of vecuronium can successfully induce CA caused by nonshockable rhythm in rats, which will help to further study the pathophysiological changes after CA by nonshockable rhythm.
The factor structure of the cardiac anxiety questionnaire, and validation in a post-MI population
Authors: Leissner Philip , Held Claes , Rondung Elisabet , Olsson Erik M. G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
CVD-patients with higher levels of cardiac anxiety suffer psychologically, as well as being at increased risk for cardiac morbidity and mortality. Therefore it is important to be able to assess CA in a clinical setting. It is currently measured with the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire, which has conflicting findings regarding its factor structure, and it has not been validated in a Swedish population. This study aimed to examine the factor structure of CAQ and its psychometric properties in a Swedish CVD-population.

Methods
Nine hundred thirty patients post-MI were recruited at different Swedish hospitals and completed the CAQ, along with several other questionnaires. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to explore factor structure and to inspect various factor solutions from previous research. Standard psychometric tests were performed for the CAQ to test its validity and reliability.

Results
The exploratory analysis found a model with the factors Fear/Worry, Avoidance and Attention. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a 3-factor solution best fitted the data, but with certain items removed. Additionally, psychometric properties turned out acceptable in a Swedish post-MI population.

Conclusions
We conclude that the original 3-factor structure of the CAQ is valid, but that the questionnaire could be revised in regard to some items. A shorter 10-items version could also be considered. We also confirm that the CAQ is a valid instrument to measure CA in a Swedish MI-population.

Trial registration
The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 05/01/2012 (NCT01504191).
Urogenital schistosomiasis in three different water access in the Senegal river basin: prevalence and monitoring praziquantel efficacy and re-infection levels
Authors: Senghor Bruno , Mathieu-Begné Eglantine , Rey Olivier , Doucouré Souleymane , Sow Doudou , Diop Bocar , Sène Mariama , Boissier Jérôme , Sokhna Cheikh 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Urogenital schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease most prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. In the Senegal river basin, the construction of the Diama dam led to an increase and endemicity of schistosomiasis. Since 2009, praziquantel has frequently been used as preventive chemotherapy in the form of mass administration to Senegalese school-aged children without monitoring of the treatment efficacy and the prevalence after re-infection. This study aims to determine the current prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis (caused by Schistosoma haematobium), the efficacy of praziquantel, and the re-infection rates in children from five villages with different water access.

Methods
The baseline prevalence of S. haematobium was determined in August 2020 in 777 children between 5 and 11 years old and a single dose of praziquantel (40 mg/kg) was administered to those positive. The efficacy of praziquantel and the re-infection rates were monitored 4 weeks and 7 months after treatment, respectively, in 226 children with a high intensity of infection at baseline.

Results
At the baseline, prevalence was low among children from the village of Mbane who live close to the Lac de Guiers (38%), moderate among those from the villages of Dioundou and Khodit, which neighbor the Doue river (46%), and very high at Khodit (90.6%) and Guia (91.2%) which mainly use an irrigation canal. After treatment, the observed cure rates confirmed the efficacy of praziquantel. The lowest cure rate (88.5%) was obtained in the village using the irrigation canal, while high cure rates were obtained in those using the lake (96.5%) and the river (98%). However, high egg reduction rates (between 96.7 and 99.7%) were obtained in all the villages. The re-infection was significantly higher in the village using the canal (42.5%) than in the villages accessing the Lac de Guiers (18.3%) and the Doue river (14.8%).

Conclusion
Praziquantel has an impact on reducing the prevalence and intensity of urogenital schistosomiasis. However, in the Senegal river basin, S. haematobium remains a real health problem for children living in the villages near the irrigation canals, despite regular treatment, while prevalence is declining from those frequenting the river and the Lac de Guiers.
Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04635553. Registered 19 November 2020 retrospectively registered, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04635553?cntry=SN&draw=2&rank=4
Building communities of practice through case-based e-learning to prevent and manage TB among people living with HIV–India
Authors: Agarwal Reshu , Agarwal Upasna , Das Chinmoyee , Reddy Ramesh Allam , Pant Rashmi , Ho Christine , Kumar B. Ravi , Dabla Vandana , Moonan Patrick K. , Nyendak Melissa , Anand Sunil , Puri Anoop Kumar , Mattoo Sanjay K. , Sachdeva Kuldeep Singh , Yeldandi Vijay V. , Sarin Rohit 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Co-management of HIV-TB coinfection remains a challenge globally. Addressing TB among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is a key priority for the Government of India (GoI). In 2016, GoI implemented single-window services to prevent and manage TB in PLHIV. To strengthen HIV-TB service delivery, case-based e-learning was introduced to health care providers at Antiretroviral Therapy centres (ARTc).

Methods
We implemented a hub and spoke model to deliver biweekly, virtual, case-based e-learning at select ARTc (n = 115), from four states of India–Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. We evaluated feasibility and acceptability of case-based e-learning and its impact on professional satisfaction, self-efficacy, knowledge retention using baseline and completion surveys, session feedback, pre-and post-session assessments. We reviewed routine programmatic data and patient outcomes to assess practices among participating ARTc.

Results
Between May 2018 and September 2020, 59 sessions were conducted with mean participation of 55 spokes and 152 participants. For 95% and 88% of sessions ≥ 80% of respondents agreed that topics were clear and relevant to practice, and duration of session was appropriate, respectively. Session participants significantly improved in perceived knowledge, skills and competencies (+ 8.6%; p = 0.025), and technical knowledge (+ 18.3%; p = 0.04) from baseline. Participating ARTc increased TB screening (+ 4.2%, p < 0.0001), TB diagnosis (+ 2.7%, p < 0.0001), ART initiation (+ 4.3%, p < 0.0001) and TB preventive treatment completion (+ 5.2%, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion
Case-based e-learning is an acceptable and effective modus of capacity building and developing communities of practice to strengthen integrated care. E-learning could address demand for accessible and sustainable continuing professional education to manage complex diseases, and thereby enhance health equity. We recommend expansion of this initiative across the country for management of co-morbidities as well as other communicable and non-communicable diseases to augment the existing capacity building interventions by provide continued learning and routine mentorship through communities of practice.
Cerebral infarct induced by severe leptospirosis-a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhu Zhongli , Feng Jian , Dong Yong , Jiang Bin , Wang Xiong , Li Fuxiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough most leptospirosis is mild, the severe form can cause multiple complications, with a fatality rate of over 50% even with ICU support. The clinical manifestations of leptospirosis vary depending on organs and tissues involved. Both cerebral artery and coronary artery can be damaged by leptospirosis. Although cerebral arteritis induced by leptospirosis has been reported, cerebral infarction caused by leptospirosis is rarely reported.Case presentationWe report the case of a 79-year-old man admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) because of 3 days duration of fever, bloody sputum and dyspnea. Five days before he was admitted to hospital, he had harvested rice in flooded fields. After admission, leptospira interrogans DNA sequence was identified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) showed the serum antibody of Mini serovars was 1,600 and Hebdomadis serovars was 800. On the eighth day of admission, the patient noted left hemiplegia. Cranial CT scan revealed low-density shadow in the right basal ganglia, so cerebral infarction was diagnosed. The patient’s condition rapidly deteriorated and he died on the eleventh day of admission despite penicillin treatment, invasive mechanical ventilation and continuous renal replacement support.ConclusionNeurologic leptospirosis manifested as cerebral occlusion, although rare, might be deadly and should not be ignored.
Effects and parameters of community-based exercise on motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Chun-Lan , Huang Jia-Peng , Wang Ting-Ting , Tan Ying-Chao , Chen Yin , Zhao Zi-Qi , Qu Chao-Hua , Qu Yun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCommunity-based exercise is a continuation and complement to inpatient rehabilitation for Parkinson's disease and does not require a professional physical therapist or equipment. The effects, parameters, and forms of each exercise are diverse, and the effect is affected by many factors. A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect and the best parameters for improving motor symptoms and to explore the possible factors affecting the effect of community-based exercise. MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of six databases: PEDro, PubMed/Medline, CENTRAL, Scopus, Embase, and WOS. Studies that compared community-based exercise with usual care were included. The intervention mainly included dance, Chinese martial arts, Nordic walking, and home-based exercise. The primary outcome measure was the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale part III (UPDRS-III) score. The mean difference (95% CI) was used to calculate the treatment outcomes of continuous outcome variables, and the I2statistic was used to estimate the heterogeneity of the statistical analysis. We conducted subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis to determine the optimal parameters and the most important influencing factors of the exercise effect. ResultsTwenty-two studies that enrolled a total of 809 subjects were included in the analysis. Exercise had a positive effect on the UPDRS-III (MD = -5.83; 95% CI, -8.29 to -3.37), Timed Up and Go test (MD = -2.22; 95% CI -3.02 to -1.42), UPDRS ((MD = -7.80; 95% CI -10.98 to -6.42), 6-Minute Walk Test (MD = 68.81; 95% CI, 32.14 to 105.48), and Berg Balance Scale (MD = 4.52; 95% CI, 2.72 to 5.78) scores. However, the heterogeneity of each included study was obvious. Weekly frequency, age, and duration of treatment were all factors that potentially influenced the effect.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggests that community-based exercise may benefit motor function in patients with PD. The most commonly used modalities of exercise were tango and tai chi, and the most common prescription was 60 min twice a week. Future studies should consider the influence of age, duration of treatment, and weekly frequency on the effect of exercise.PROSPERO trial registration numberCRD42022327162.
Early predictors of new-onset immune-related seizures: a preliminary study
Authors: Shi Xiangsong , Cai Weiwei , Zhang Xiulin , Pan Heyue , Huang Chengbing , Wang Shouyong , Xu Jianyang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Approximately 60% of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) exhibit secondary acute symptomatic seizures and showed highly sensitive to immunotherapy. However, it is difficult for many patients to receive early immunotherapy since the early identification of the cause in AE is more complex. This study aimed to investigate the early predictors of initial immune-related seizures and to guide the evaluation of treatment and prognosis.

Methods
One hundred and fifty-four patients with new-onset “unknown etiology” seizures with a course of disease less than 6 months were included. Serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid neuron-specific autoantibodies (NSAbs), including N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5- Methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor 1 (AMPAR1), AMPAR2, anti-leucine rich glioma inactivated 1 antibody (LGI1), anti-gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor (GABABR), anti-contact protein-related protein-2 (CASPR2) were used to screen for immune etiology of the seizures. In addition, patients with epilepsy and encephalopathy were also examined via brain MRI, long-term video EEG, antibody prevalence in epilepsy and encephalopathy (APE2) score, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS). A logistic regression model was used to analyze the early predictors of immune etiology.

Results
Thirty-four cases (22.1%) were positive for NSAbs. Among all 154 patients, 23 cases of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) (21 cases of NSAbs positive), 1 case of ganglionic glioma (NSAbs positive), 130 cases of epilepsy or seizures (12 cases of NSAbs positive) were recorded. Also, there were 17 patients (11.0%) with APE2 ≥ 4 points, and all of them met the clinical diagnosis of AE. The sensitivity and specificity of APE2 ≥ 4 points for predicting AE were 73.9% and 100%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the NSAbs and APE2 scores independently influenced the early prediction of initial immune-related seizures (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
NSAbs and APE2 scores could act as early predictors of initial immune-related seizures.
Metabolic abnormalities and survival among patients with non-metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Zimbalist Alexa S. , Caan Bette J. , Chen Wendy Y. , Mittendorf Elizabeth A. , Dillon Deborah A. R. , Quesenberry Charles , Cespedes Feliciano Elizabeth M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Research on the impact of metabolic abnormalities on breast cancer prognosis is limited by small samples and assessment of laboratory values at a single time point, often prior to cancer diagnosis and treatment. In this population-based cohort, time-updated laboratory values were adjusted for cancer treatment to assess the association between metabolic risk factors (glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides) and breast cancer survival.

Methods
13,434 women diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer from 2005-15 at Kaiser Permanente were included. All outpatient fasting glucose, HDL-C, LDL-C, and triglyceride values from diagnosis through 2019 or death were extracted from electronic medical records. Risk of breast cancer-specific mortality was evaluated with Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for metabolic labs, demographics, body mass index, diabetes, dyslipidemia and anti-hypertensive medications, tumor characteristics (stage, ER and HER2 receptor status) and cancer treatment (use of chemotherapy, tamoxifen, and aromatase inhibitors).

Results
Mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 62.3 (11.8) years. Over a median follow-up of 8.6 years, 2,876 patients died; 1,080 of breast cancer. Patients with low HDL-C (≤ 45 vs. > 45 mg/dL) had higher breast cancer-specific mortality (HR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.53-2.05), as did those with elevated fasting glucose (> 99 vs. 60-99 mg/dL) (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.03-1.37). Elevated levels of triglycerides and LDL-C were not associated with breast cancer-specific mortality.

Conclusions
High fasting glucose and low HDL-C evaluated over time after cancer diagnosis were associated with higher breast cancer mortality independent of cancer treatments and changes in other metabolic risk factors. Future studies should address whether pharmacologic or lifestyle treatment of glucose and lipids after breast cancer diagnosis can optimize survival outcomes.