bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Randomized Feature Selection Based Semi-Supervised Latent Dirichlet Allocation for Microbiome Analysis
Authors: Pais Namitha , Ravishanker Nalini , Rajasekaran Sanguthevar , Weinstock George , Tran Dong-Binh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Health and disease are fundamentally influenced by microbial communities and their genes (the microbiome).An in-depth analysis of microbiome structure that enables the classification of individuals based on their health can be crucial in enhancing diagnostics and treatment strategies to improve the overall well-being of an individual. In this paper, we present a novel semi-supervised methodology known as Randomized Feature Selection based Latent Dirichlet Allocation (RFSLDA) to study the impact of the gut microbiome on a subject's health status. Since the data in our study consists of fuzzy health labels, which are self-reported, traditional supervised learning approaches may not be suitable. As a first step, based on the similarity between documents in text analysis and gut-microbiome data, we employ Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a topic modeling approach which uses microbiome counts as features to group subjects into relatively homogeneous clusters, without invoking any knowledge of observed health status (labels) of subjects. We then leverage information from the observed health status of subjects to associate these clusters with the most similar health status making it a semi-supervised approach. Finally, a feature selection technique is incorporated into the model to improve the overall classification performance.
Results The proposed method provides a semi-supervised topic modelling approach that can help handle the high dimensionality of the microbiome data in association studies. Our experiments reveal that our semi-supervised classification algorithm is effective and efficient in terms of high classification accuracy compared to popular supervised learning approaches like SVM and multinomial logistic model.
Conclusion The RFSLDA framework is attractive because it (i) enhances clustering accuracy by identifying key bacteria types as indicators of health status, (ii) identifies key bacteria types \textit{within each group} based on estimates of the proportion of bacteria types within the groups, and (iii) computes a measure of within-group similarity to identify highly similar subjects in terms of their health status
The Minimum Number of Examined Lymph Nodes was 24 for Optimal Survival of Pathological T2-4 Gastric Cancer: a multi-center, hospital-based study covering 20 years of data
Authors: Zhao Lulu , Zhang Fan , Jiao Fuzhi , Zhou Xiadong , Han Xue , Niu Penghui , Wang Wanqing , Luan Xiaoyi , He Mingyan , Guan Quanlin , Li Yumin , Zhao Dongbing , Gao Jidong , Chen Yingtai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The current National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines recommend that at least 16 lymph nodes should be examined for gastric cancer patients to reduce staging migration. However, there is still debate regarding the optimal management of examined lymph nodes (ELNs) for gastric cancer patients. In this study, we aimed to develop and test the minimum number of ELNs that should be retrieved during gastrectomy for optimal survival in patients with gastric cancer.Methods We used the restricted cubic spline (RCS) to identify the optimal threshold of ELNs that should be retrieved during gastrectomy based on the China National Cancer Center Gastric Cancer (NCCGC) database. Northwest cohort, which sourced from the highest gastric cancer incidence areas in China, was used to verify the optimal cutoff value. Survival analysis was performed via Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models.Results In this study, 12670 gastrectomy patients were included in the NCCGC cohort and 4941 patients in the Northwest cohort. During 1999–2019, the average number of ELNs increased from 17.88 to 34.45 in the NCCGC cohort, while the number of positive lymph nodes remained stable (5%-6%). The RCS model showed a U-curved association between ELNs and the risk of all-cause mortality, and the optimal threshold of ELNs was 24 [Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.00]. The ELN ≥ 24 group had a better overall survival (OS) than the ELN < 24 group clearly (P = 0.003), however, with respect to the threshold of 16 ELNs, there was no significantly difference between the two groups (P = 0.101). In the multivariate analysis, ELN ≥ 24 group was associated with improved survival outcomes in total gastrectomy patients [HR = 0.787, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.711–0.870, P < 0.001], as well as the subgroup analysis of T2 patients (HR = 0.621, 95%CI: 0.399–0.966, P = 0.035), T3 patients (HR = 0.787, 95%CI: 0.659–0.940, P = 0.008) and T4 patients (HR = 0.775, 95%CI: 0.675–0.888, P < 0.001).Conclusion In conclusion, the minimum number of ELNs for optimal survival of gastric cancer with pathological T2-4 was 24.
Chemometrics guided UHPLC-RI method for simultaneous quantification of food bioactive components in fenugreek herbal preparations.
Authors: Agrawal Sristi , Bisen Amol Chhatrapati , Biswas Arpon , Jaiswal Shubham , Choudhury Abhijit Deb , Gupta Sapna , Narender Tadigoppula , Bhatta Rabi Sankar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Trigonella foenum graecum (TFG) also known as Fenugreek is a popular herb commonly used as a spice, flavoring, and medicinal agent. It is enriched with bioactive constituents namely pinitol (PT), 4-hydroxy isoleucine (4-HIL), and raffinose (RFO) which are proven to be responsible for TFGs medicinal and health benefits. The current study focuses chemometric guided simultaneous RP-UHPLC method development and validation of three phytocomponents using a universal refractive index detection (RID) technique for quantifying the bioactive components present in the herbal nutraceutical preparations using Design Expert. The nucleosil ® 5 NH2 column maintained at 35°C was used for chromatographic separation against optimum mobile phase composition of acetonitrile: water in the ratio of 70:30, v/v at a flow rate of 0.4 mL min− 1. Finally, this novel approach was used to measure bioactive component concentrations in commercial herbal products intended for human use.
Detection and Identification of Hidden Defects in Layered Polymer Composites Using Combination of Acoustic Resonance and Interferometric Monitoring of Surface Displacements
Authors: Nazarchuk Zinoviy , Voronyak Taras , Kuts Oleksandr , Stasyshyn Ihor , Ivasenko Iryna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Method of detection and identification of hidden defects in the structural elements made of layered composite materials is presented in this study. Such defects occur during production of composite materials, composite structures and during their operation. A proposed method of non-destructive testing combines the acoustic load of the test object and the interferometric testing of its surface displacements, which arise as a result of resonance of the acoustic wave in the defect. The defect is considered as an acoustic resonator filled with a medium (under normal conditions – by air) in which only a longitudinal acoustic wave propagates. The novelty of the method is that it allows not only to detect and locate a hidden defect, but also to determine its dimensions. And its advantage is that it does not require knowledge about the mechanical properties of the material, as a result, it is not necessary to determine the speed of sound propagation in the composite; it allows to test materials with arbitrary parameters of its surface roughness (from optically rough to mirror-smooth ISO 4287:2012); uses acoustic waves with frequencies 3...5 times lower than similar methods. Authors presented in this work experimental results that confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.
High-temperature Electrothermal Remediation of Multi-Pollutant Soils
Authors: Tour James , Deng Bing , Carter Robert , Cheng Yi , Liu Yuan , Eddy Lucas , Wyss Kevin , Ucak-Astarlioglu Mine , Luong Duy , JeBailey Khalil , Kittrell Carter , Jana Debadrita , Toress Mark , Braam Janet 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Soil contamination is a global environmental issue due to rapidly increasing anthropogenic activities. Traditional processes for soil remediation often suffer from long treatment time, and lack generality because of different sources, occurrences, and chemical properties of the pollutants. Here, we report a high-temperature electrothermal process for rapid, water-free remediation of multiple pollutants in soil. The temperature of contaminated soil with conductive carbon additives ramps up to 1000 to 3000 °C within seconds via pulsed direct current input, enabling the vaporization of various heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb, Co, Ni, and Cu), and graphitization of persistent organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The rapid treatment retains soil mineral constituents while increases water infiltration rate and exchangeable nutrient supply, leading to soil fertilization and improved germination rates. The process is energy-efficient with an electrical energy consumption of ~420 kWh ton-1, less than most conventional thermal remediation techniques. The potential for scaling up the process is outlined.
Bayesian network approach to develop generalisable predictive model for COVID-19 vaccine uptake
Authors: Awasthi Raghav , Nagori Aditya , Nasri Bouchra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The effectiveness of a vaccine depends on vaccine uptake, which is influenced by various factors, including vaccine hesitancy. Vaccine hesitancy is a complex socio-behavioral issue, influenced by misinformation, distrust in healthcare providers and government organizations, fear of side effects, and cultural or religious beliefs. To address this problem, AI models have been developed, but their global generalizability remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify global determinants of vaccine uptake and develop a generalizable machine learning model to predict individual-level vaccine uptake. The study used publicly available survey data from 23 countries and employed Bayesian networks and generalized mixed effects models to identify key determinants of vaccine uptake. The results showed that trust in the central government and vaccination restrictions for national and international travel were key determinants of vaccine uptake. A generalized mixed effects model achieved an AUC of 89% (SD = 1%)% (SD = 1%), precision of 90%(SD = 4%), and recall of 82% (SD = 2%) on unseen testing data from new countries, demonstrating the model's generalizability. The findings of this study can inform targeted interventions to improve vaccine uptake globally.
Efficacy Confirmation Study of Aceneuramic Acid Administration for GNE Myopathy in Japan
Authors: Mori-Yoshimura Madoka , Suzuki Naoki , Katsuno Masahisa , Takahashi Masanori P. , Yamashita Satoshi , Oya Yasushi , Hashizume Atsushi , Yamada Shinichiro , Nakamori Masayuki , Izumi Rumiko , Kato Masaaki , Warita Hitoshi , Tateyama Maki , Kuroda Hiroshi , Asada Ryuta , Yamaguchi Takuhiro , Nishino Ichizo , Aoki Masashi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
A rare muscle disease, GNE myopathy is caused by mutations in the GNE gene involved in the sialic acid biosynthesis. Our recent phase II/III study has indicated that oral administration of aceneuramic acid to patients would slow disease progression.
Methods
We conducted a phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter study. Participants were assigned to receive an extended-release formulation of aceneuramic acid (SA-ER) or placebo. Changes in muscle strength and function over 48 weeks were compared between treatment groups using change in the upper extremity composite (UEC) score from baseline to Week 48 as the primary endpoint and the investigator-assessed efficacy rate as the key secondary endpoint. For safety, adverse events, vital signs, body weight, electrocardiogram, and clinical laboratory results were monitored.
Results
A total of 14 patients were enrolled and given orally SA-ER (n = 10) or placebo (n = 4) tablets. Decrease in least square mean (LSM) of change in UEC score at Week 48 with SA-ER (−0.115 kg) was numerically smaller as compared with placebo (−2.625 kg), with LSM difference (95% confidence interval) of 2.510 (−1.720 to 6.740) kg. In addition, efficacy rate was higher with SA-ER as compared with placebo. There were no clinically significant adverse events and other safety concerns observed.
Conclusions
The present study reproducibly showed the effect of orally administered SA-ER on slowing loss of muscle strength and function, indicating supplementation of sialic acid might be a promising replacement therapy for GNE myopathy.
Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04671472)
Time estimation relative to response inhibition in the differential reinforcement of low-rate responding in young adults
Authors: Yang Tsung-Han , Liao Ruey-Ming , Su Chung-I , Chien Chun-Yi , Yen Nai-Shing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With recent proposal suggests the multifaceted nature of impulsivity, researchers have been intrigued by the question of whether the impulsive behaviour measured in the traditionally psychological paradigms is unitary. One such paradigm, the differential reinforcement of low-rate responding (DRL), has been used to assess response inhibition, but its’ underlying mechanism has still been debated. In the present research, we examined and differentiated the effects of both response inhibition and time estimation on a multisession DRL-10 seconds (DRL-10s) in a large sample of normal young adults, as well as with three other measures including the stop-signal reaction task (SSRT), time production task-10 seconds (TPT-10s), and the Barrett impulsivity scale-11 (BIS-11). The results showed that individual differences existed in DRL. High efficiency adults produced more reinforced responses, peak rate, and longer peak time, with fewer numbers of total, non-reinforced, and burst responses than low efficiency adults. Most importantly, principal component analysis yielded significant loadings for both efficiency ratio and peak time in the last DRL session with the accuracy of TPT-10s, but none of the DRL indices had loadings with SSRT. In sum, the differential degrees of involvement of the timing process, relative to response inhibition, were observed in DRL.
Immunogenic Treatment for Metastatic Breast Cancer Using Targeted Carbon Nanotube Mediated Photothermal Therapy in Combination with Anti-PD-1
Authors: Faria Gabriela N. F. , Karch Clement G. , Woodward Alexis , Aissanou Adam , Lageshetty Sathish , Silvy Ricardo Prada , Resasco Daniel , Ballon Jorge Andres , Harrison Roger G 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The high prevalence of breast cancer is a global health concern, but there are no safe or effective treatments for it at its advanced stages. These facts urge the development of novel treatment strategies. Annexin A5 (ANXA5) is a natural human protein ﻿that binds with high specificity to phosphatidylserine, a phospholipid tightly maintained in the inner leaflet of the cell membrane on most healthy cells but externalized in tumor cells and the tumor vasculature. Here, we have developed a targeted photosensitizer for photothermal therapy (PTT) of solid tumors through the functionalization of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to ANXA5—the SWCNT-ANXA5 conjugate. The ablation of tumors through the SWCNT-ANXA5-mediated PTT synergizes with checkpoint inhibition, creating a systemic anti-cancer immune response. In vitro ablation of cells incubated with the conjugate promoted cell death in a dose-dependent and targeted manner. This treatment strategy was tested in vivo with the orthotopic EMT6 breast tumor model in female balb/cJ mice. Enhanced therapeutic effects were achieved by using intratumoral injection of the conjugate and treating tumors at a lower PTT temperature (45oC). When combined with checkpoint inhibition of anti-PD-1, SWCNT-ANXA5-mediated PTT increased survival and 80% of the mice survived for 100 days. Evidence of immune system activation by flow cytometry of splenic cells strengthens the hypothesis of an abscopal effect as a mechanism of prolonged survival.
Evaluation of sedimentary aquifers for the future settlement of population in Northern Quetta valley using vertical Electrical Sounding
Authors: Qureshi Abdul Latif , jamali Muhammad afzal , Hussain Shahzad , Rauf Zahid , Abro Zia u din , Zaidi Arjumand , Memon Farhad Ali , Habib Abdul Qayyum 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aim of study to explore the potential of groundwater aquifers in northern area of Quetta valley due to rapidly shifting huge population from whole province of Balochistan and thousands of refugees from Afghanistan border. The depletion of groundwater resources In Quetta valley has become a severe issue, mainly due to prolonged droughts, unregulated extraction, urbanization, and inadequate understanding of the Complex geological conditions. To gain a more in-depth understanding of the hydrogeological conditions in the northern areas of Quetta valley, Geophysical resistivity survey was conducted to explore the subsurface groundwater aquifer and their potential. Total 12 VES were conducted along three different profile lines at the depth of 450m VES interval of 2Km from Pishin bypass to Bostan area. The collected data was processed and analysed using IPI2win software to create geoelectrical section and pseudo-sections displaying the layers and thicknesses of each survey point. It is interpreted that two aquifers are present at various depths, first shallow low potential aquifer lie in silty clay and silty sand lithology in profile 01. In profile 2 and 3 aquifer bearing limestone lithology were encountered. The aquifers in the area are characterized as low pressure and low potential due to the accumulation of silt. It is not advisable to solely rely on groundwater as a source of water for the increasing population. Alternative water sources should be explored, and measures such as installing artificial wells should be taken to recharge the aquifers. Additionally, it is essential that the relevant departments formulate monitoring strategies to keep track of the groundwater levels in the area.
Determinants of the intention to seek psychotherapeutic consultation at work - a cross- sectional study in Germany
Authors: Kohl Fiona , Angerer Peter , Weber Jeannette 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsychotherapeutic consultation at work (PT-A) provides employees with mental illnesses or subclinical symptoms a short-term and low-threshold access to psychotherapeutic care. However, practical experience shows that utilization falls short of expected demand. Therefore, this study aimed to identify determinants of utilisation by exploring associations between sociodemographic characteristics, psychological well-being, stigma-related barriers and psychosocial safety climate and the intention to seek PT-A.MethodsWithin a cross-sectional study, 688 participants were recruited via various social media channels in Germany. Participants answered an online questionnaire on potential determinants and intention to seek PT-A 1) in general, for 2) occupational burden and 3) private burden. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted for the whole study sample and for the subgroup of participants with current depression.ResultsLower psychological well-being, female gender and lower stigma-related barriers were positively associated with the general intention to seek PT-A. For occupational burden, only diverse gender was associated with lower intention to seek PT-A. For private burden, a lower psychological well-being and lower stigma-related barriers were associated with higher intention to seek PT-A. In the subgroup of participants with current depression, being female and lower stigma-related barriers were positively associated with general intention to seek PT-A. For occupational burden, only being female was positively associated with intention to seek PT-A. Tertiary education was the only significant predictor for intention to seek PT-A for private burden.ConclusionThose results give an overview on potential determinants for the intention to seek PT-A, but future research with longitudinal designs is needed to confirm that those factors also determine actual utilisation of PT-A. Based on the results, practical implications might include antistigma campaigns and promotion of psychotherapeutic consultation at work, adapted to specific target groups and the aims of the consultation.
A Modular Novel Bidirectional Hybrid DC Circuit Breaker Topology for More Electric Avionics
Authors: Agrawal Shubham , Umanand Loganathan , B Subba Reddy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A DC-based power distribution system is adopted in the architecture for more electric aircraft (MEA) and all electric aircraft (AEA). The paper proposes a bidirectional Direct Current circuit breaker (DCCB) based on coupled inductor capable of interrupting a short circuit current in few tens of microseconds. The proposed topology is a hybrid circuit breaker that provides arc-less current disruption in the primary circuit. The breaking operation is based on the current reflected in the primary winding from the auxiliary resonant circuit (commutation module). In the proposed converter, the time for circuit breaking is significantly reduced using a current-fed high gain converter, which acts as a boost converter to charge the pre-charging capacitor. The same switches employed in the current fed converters are used in commutation; hence, fewer components are needed. The switches are operated so that the pre-charging capacitor voltage profile is unipolar. A modular approach for DCCB is presented that uses the commutation circuit as a module. With the modular approach of breaking the current in the primary circuit, the voltage and current rating of the DCCB can be enhanced. The presented DCCB with modular commutation circuits can interrupt the current flow in the opposite direction, which makes it a bidirectional DCCB. A detailed simulation study is conducted in Matlab Simulink environment, further experimentally the hardware results are validated for breaking the current in 270V/10A and 540V/5A DC systems.
Risk factors for resistant Gram-positive bacteremia in febrile neutropenic patients with cancer
Authors: Lee Minkyeong , Lee Chan Mi , Byun Ja min , Shin Dong-Yeop , Koh Youngil , Hong Junshik , Choe Pyoeng Gyun , Park Wan Beom , Kim Nam Joong , Yoon Sung-Soo , Oh Myoung-don , Kang Chang Kyung , Kim Inho 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose Gram-positive bacteria are frequently resistant to empirical beta-lactams in febrile neutropenic patients with cancer. As microbiology and antibiotic susceptibility changes, we reevaluated the risk factors for resistant Gram-positive bacteremia in febrile neutropenic patients with cancer.Methods Episodes of bacteremic febrile neutropenia in Seoul National University Hospital from July 2019 to June 2022 were reviewed. Resistant Gram-positive bacteria were defined as a pathogen susceptible only to glycopeptide or linezolid in vitro (e.g., methicillin-resistant staphylococci, penicillin-resistant viridans streptococci, and ampicillin-resistant enterococci). Episodes were compared to identify independent risk factors for resistant Gram-positive bacteremia.Results Of 225 episodes, 78 (34.7%) involved resistant Gram-positive bacteremia. Multivariate analysis revealed that breakthrough bacteremia while being administered antibiotics (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 8.006; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 3.532–18.151; P < 0.001), catheter-related infection (aOR 4.425, 95% CI 1.469‒13.331; P = 0.008), and skin or soft tissue infection (aOR 24.421, 95% CI 2.043‒291.862; P = 0.012) were associated with resistant Gram-positive bacteremia. Chronic liver disease (aOR 0.245, 95% CI 0.063‒0.973; P = 0.046) and hypotension at bacteremia (aOR 0.462, 95% CI 0.219‒0.972; P = 0.042) were inversely associated with resistant Gram-positive bacteremia.Conclusion Resistant Gram-positive bacteria should be considered in breakthrough bacteremia, catheter-related infection, and skin or soft tissue infection in febrile neutropenic patients with cancer.