bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced primary ciliogenesis via mitochondrial oxidative stress activates AKT to prevent neurotoxicity in HSPA9/mortalin-depleted SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: Bae Ji-Eun , Jang Soyoung , Kim Joon Bum , Hyung Hyejin , Park Na Yeon , Kim Yong Hwan , Kim So Hyun , Kim Seong Hyun , Ha Jin Min , Oh Gyeong Seok , Park Kyuhee , Jeong Kwiwan , Jang Jae Seon , Jo Doo Sin , Kim Pansoo , Lee Hyun-Shik , Ryoo Zae Young , Cho Dong-Hyung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe primary cilium, an antenna-like structure on the cell surface, acts as a mechanical and chemical sensory organelle. Primary cilia play critical roles in sensing the extracellular environment to coordinate various developmental and homeostatic signaling pathways. Here, we showed that the depletion of heat shock protein family A member 9 (HSPA9)/mortalin stimulates primary ciliogenesis in SH-SY5Y cells. The downregulation of HSPA9 enhances mitochondrial stress by increasing mitochondrial fragmentation and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation. Notably, the inhibition of either mtROS production or mitochondrial fission significantly suppressed the increase in primary ciliogenesis in HSPA9-depleted cells. In addition, enhanced primary ciliogenesis contributed to cell survival by activating AKT in SH-SY5Y cells. The abrogation of ciliogenesis through the depletion of IFT88 potentiated neurotoxicity in HSPA9-knockdown cells. Furthermore, both caspase-3 activation and cell death were increased by MK-2206, an AKT inhibitor, in HSPA9-depleted cells. Taken together, our results suggest that enhanced primary ciliogenesis plays an important role in preventing neurotoxicity caused by the loss of HSPA9 in SH-SY5Y cells.
Modifiable risk factors that mediate the effect of educational attainment on the risk of stroke: a network Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wan Bangbei , Ma Ning , Zhou Zhi , Lu Weiying 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Stroke is a common cerebrovascular disease with great danger to public health. Educational inequality is a universal issue that influences populations’ stroke risk. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between education and stroke risk and the contributions of effects mediated by four modifiable factors.

Materials and methods
Public large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data associated with educational attainment, hypertensive diseases, body mass index (BMI), smoking behavior, time spent on watching the television (TV), and stroke were obtained from European ancestry. The data were used to investigate the causal relationship among educational attainment, hypertensive disease, BMI, smoking, watching TV, and stroke risk. Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as a primary algorithm for estimating causal direction and effect size in univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

Results
Higher educational attainment was a causal protective factor, while hypertensive diseases, higher BMI, smoking, and longer time spent on watching the TV were all causal risk factors for the risk of stroke. Hypertensive disease, BMI, smoking, and watching TV were all mediators for linking the causal relationship between educational attainment and stroke risk. Hypertensive disease, BMI, smoking, and watching TV explained 47.35%, 24.74%, 15.72%, and 2.29% of the variance in educational attainment’s effect on stroke risk, respectively. The explained proportion reached 69.32% after integrating the four factors.

Conclusions
These findings support the causal effect of educational attainment on the risk of stroke, with a substantial proportion mediated by modifiable risk factors. Interventions on these modifiable factors would lead to substantial reductions in stroke cases attributable to educational inequality.
Offloading effects of a removable cast walker with and without modification for diabetes‐related foot ulceration: a plantar pressure study
Authors: Withers Rebekah V. , Perrin Byron M. , Landorf Karl B. , Raspovic Anita 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundRemovable cast walkers (RCWs), with or without modifications, are used to offload diabetes‐related foot ulcers (DRFUs), however there is limited data relating to their offloading effects. This study aimed to quantify plantar pressure reductions with an RCW with and without modification for DRFUs.MethodsThis within‐participant, repeated measures study included 16 participants with plantar neuropathic DRFUs. Walking peak plantar pressures at DRFU sites were measured for four conditions: post‐operative boot (control condition), RCW alone, RCW with 20 mm of felt adhered to an orthosis, and RCW with 20 mm of felt adhered to the foot.ResultsCompared to the control condition, the greatest amount of peak plantar pressure reduction occurred with the RCW with felt adhered to the foot (83.1% reduction, p < .001). The RCW with felt adhered to the foot also offered greater peak plantar pressure reduction than the RCW alone (51.3%, p = .021) and the RCW with felt adhered to an orthosis (31.4%, p = .009).ConclusionThe largest offloading effect recorded was with the RCW with felt adhered to the foot. High‐quality randomised trials are now needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this device for healing DRFUs.
Role of abnormal glycosylated IgA1 and interstitial transformation of glomerular endothelial cells in the development and progression of IgA nephropathy
Authors: Jia Wanyu , Dou Wenjie , Wang Qin , Zeng Huiqin , Shi Peipei , Liu Jing , Liu Zhen , Zhang Jin , Zhang Jian-Jiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common primary renal disease in childhood.

Methods
Twenty blood samples and renal tissue from patients with IgAN, 20 blood samples from healthy children and 10 normal renal tissue were collected. Serum Gd-IgA1 and renal Gd-IgA1, CD31, α-SMA and vimentin were measured.

Results
The serum Gd-IgA1 concentration in the IgAN group was significantly higher. Gd-IgA1 was not expressed in normal kidneys, which was positive in the IgAN group. Gd-IgA1 levels in serum and renal tissue were not related. The expression of CD31 decreased significantly in IgAN group, while the expression of α-SMA and vimentin increased significantly. There was no significant correlation between the renal concentration of Gd-IgA1 and CD31, α-SMA and vimentin.

Conclusion
The increased Gd-IgA1 in the serum and kidney may promote the pathogenesis of IgAN. The serum Gd-IgA1 cannot predict the extent of its deposition in the kidney. Endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) may be involved in the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis in IgAN.
Obesity related to metabolic syndrome: comparison of obesity indicators in an older french population
Authors: Ntougou Assoumou Hourfil-Gabin , Pichot Vincent , Barthelemy Jean-Claude , Celle Sébastien , Garcin Arnauld , Thomas Thierry , Roche Frédéric 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents a cluster of metabolic abnormalities. Insulin resistance is a major component of the syndrome. We analyze in this study the relationship between body fat composition and MS in comparison to usual obesity indicators in an older adult population.

Design
: The PROgnostic indicator OF cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (PROOF) study is a prospective longitudinal community cohort study among the inhabitants of Saint-Etienne, France.

Methods
The study is a cohort study of 1011 subjects, mean age 65.6 ± 0.8 years old at inclusion, recruited from the electoral list of the town in 2000. Among them, 806 subjects realized a Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) used to evaluate body fat and lean mass repartition. We evaluate biological metabolic parameters according to usual techniques. The indices of obesity were calculated according to standard formula. MS presence and its components were simultaneously evaluated.

Results
All obesity parameters were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) in subjects suffering metabolic syndrome as compared to those without. Body fat index (BFI) presented a stronger correlation to total fat mass, trunk fat mass and body adiposity index (BAI). The correlations between body indices and metabolic components showed that body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were more strongly associated with BFI as compared to BAI and total fat mass. According to logistic regression analysis, only the waist-hip ratio (WHR) demonstrated a significant association with MS severity (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Among the obesity indices, BFI and BAI represented the best indicators to characterize global obesity while WHR only is highly predictive of metabolic syndrome presence and severity. The BAI indicator is an alternative for measuring obesity. Comparison of long-term impact of such markers on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is now questioned.
Hermite–Hadamard-type inequalities via different convexities with applications
Authors: Samraiz Muhammad , Malik Maria , Naheed Saima , Rahman Gauhar , Nonlaopon Kamsing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we explore a class of Hermite–Hadamard integral inequalities for convex and m-convex functions. The Hölder inequality is used to create this class, which has a wide range of applications in optimization theory. Some trapezoid-type inequalities and midpoint error estimates are investigated. Inequalities for several q-special functions are highlighted. As particular cases, we have included several previous results.
Fragmentation of Care and Its Association With Survival and Costs for Patients With Breast Cancer in Colombia
Authors: Gamboa Óscar , Buitrago Giancarlo , Patiño Andrés Felipe , Agudelo Nicolás Rozo , Espinel Laura Saldaña , Eslava-Schmalbach Javier , Guevara Óscar , Caycedo Rubén , Junca Edgar , Bonilla Carlos , Sánchez Ricardo 
Published: May 2023

PURPOSEBreast cancer care requires a multimodal approach and a multidisciplinary team who must work together to obtain good clinical results. The fragmentation of care can affect the breast cancer care; however, it has not been measured in a low-resource setting. The aim of this study was to identify fragmentation of care, the geographic variation of this and its association with 4-year overall survival (OS), and costs of care for patients with breast cancer enrolled in Colombia's contributory health care system.MATERIALS AND METHODSA retrospective cohort study was conducted using administrative databases. Women with breast cancer who were treated from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2015, were included. Fragmentation of care was the exposure, which was measured by the number of different health care provider institutions (HCPIs) that treated a patient during the first year after diagnosis. Crude mortality rates were estimated, survival functions were calculated using the nonparametric Kaplan-Meier approach, and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using multivariate Cox regression model to identify the association of fragmentation with 4-year OS. The association between fragmentation and costs of care was assessed using a multivariate linear regression model.RESULTSA total of 10,999 patients with breast cancer were identified, and 1,332 deaths were observed. The 4-year crude mortality rate was 31.97 (95% CI, 30.25 to 33.69) per 1,000 person-years for the whole cohort, and the highest rate was in the cohort defined for the fourth quartile of the fragmentation measurement (eight or more HCPIs), 40.94 (95% CI, 36.49 to 45.39). The adjusted HR for 4-year OS was 1.04 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.07) for each HCPI additional. The cost of care is increased for each additional HCPIs (cost ratio, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.23 to 1.26).CONCLUSIONFragmentation of care decreases overall 4-year OS and increases the costs of care in women with breast cancer for Colombia.
Degenerate wave-like solutions to the Dirac equation for massive particles
Authors: Tsigaridas Georgios N. , Kechriniotis Aristides I. , Tsonos Christos A. , Delibasis Konstantinos K. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this work we provide a novel class of degenerate solutions to the Dirac equation for massive particles, where the rotation of the spin of the particles is synchronized with the rotation of the magnetic field of the wave-like electromagnetic fields corresponding to these solutions. We show that the state of the particles does not depend on the intensity of the electromagnetic fields, but only on their frequency, which is proportional to the mass of the particles and lies in the region of Gamma/X-rays for typical elementary charged particles, such as electrons and protons. We have also calculated the electric current density corresponding to the electromagnetic 4-potentials connected to the degenerate solutions and found that it has the same spatial and temporal dependence on the electromagnetic fields, rotating at an exceptionally high frequency. This result indicates that the degenerate states may occur at locations where matter collapses, e.g., in the central region of a black hole. Finally, we have calculated the spin of the particles described by degenerate spinors and found that it rotates in synchronization with the magnetic field and the current density.
Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Self-Assembled Lanthanide Complexes with an EDTA-Type Chelating Ligand in Aqueous Ethanol Solution
Authors: Mieda Eiko , Morishima Yuki , Watanabe Tatsuya , Miyake Hiroyuki , Shinoda Satoshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA hexadentate chelating ligand based on ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) with four cholesteryl groups (L2) was designed and synthesized. L2 forms stable 1:1 complexes with lanthanide ions, and the resulting L2-lanthanide complexes form stable self-assemblies with an average particle size of ∼50 nm in aqueous ethanol solution (20 wt%). Under these conditions, the L2-lanthanide complexes exhibit amphiphilic properties and long-lived luminescence. Sodium 2-naphthoate was added as a guest anion to form a 1:2 complex (anion:Ln) with a lanthanide complex resulting in exciton-coupled circular dichroism spectra. 4-Alkyl benzoates were also used as guest anions, and the intensity of the sensitized luminescence largely depends in this case on the length of their alkyl chain.
REVIEW OF A NEW STUDY OF MILITARY LAW: CRITICAL VIEW OF A POLITICAL SCIENTIST
Authors: Melkov Sergey A. 
Published: May 2023

General characteristics of the publication. In 2021 and 2022, the monograph «Military Law» was published in three volumes (Volume I. History and theory of military law. Volume II. The current state of military law (institutions of military law). Volume III. Main problems and promising areas of military legal research). The monograph deals with a huge range of issues and problems of military law, incl. questions of a theoretical, methodological and applied nature about the life of military teams and the activities of individual servicemen.
Purpose of the study. To reveal aspects of military law that are of interest to political science.
Research results. The article is a constructive-critical review by a political scientist of the three-volume monograph «Military Law», published in 2021 and 2022. The review considers individual aspects of military law that are of interest to political science and are disclosed in three volumes of the monograph. The three-volume monograph «Military Law» in its essence and content is very useful for military personnel and officials of military command and control agencies.
“I'm going to be forced to have a baby”: A study of COVID‐19 abortion experiences on Reddit
Authors: Jacques Laura , Valley Taryn , Zhao Shimin , Lands Madison , Rivera Natalie , Higgins Jenny A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe initial stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic affected abortion care in the United States (US) in myriad ways. While research has documented systems‐level pandemic‐related impacts on abortion access and care delivery little information exists about the experiences of abortion seekers during this period. We sought to document the effects of COVID‐19 pandemic restrictions US abortion seekers by analyzing posts on Reddit, a popular social media website.MethodsWe compiled and coded 528 anonymous posts on the abortion subreddit from 3/20/2020 to 4/12/2020 and applied inductive qualitative analytic techniques to identify themes.ResultsWe identified four primary themes. First, posters reported several COVID‐19‐related barriers to abortion services: reduced in‐person access due to clinic closures, mail delivery delays of abortion medications, and pandemic‐related financial barriers to both self‐managed and in‐clinic abortion. The second theme encompassed quarantine‐driven privacy challenges, primarily challenges with concealing an abortion from household members. Third, posters detailed how the pandemic constrained their pregnancy decision making, including time pressure from impending clinic closures. Finally, posters reported COVID‐19‐related changes to service delivery that negatively affected their abortion experiences, for example being unable to bring a support person into the clinic due to pandemic visitor restrictions.DiscussionThis analysis of real‐time social media posts reveals multiple ways that the COVID‐19 pandemic limited abortion access in the US and affected abortion seekers' decisions and experiences. Findings shed light on the consequences of sudden changes, whether pandemic or policy related, on abortion service delivery.
Joint effect of water and sanitation practices on childhood diarrhoea in sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Amadu Iddrisu , Seidu Abdul-Aziz , Agyemang Kwabena Koforobour , Arthur-Holmes Francis , Duku Eric , Salifu Iddrisu , Bolarinwa Obasanjo Afolabi , Hagan Jr. John Elvis , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku 
Published: May 2023

Background
Diarrhoea remains the major cause of morbidity and mortality of children under five years in Africa. Several studies have shown that inadequate and unsafe water, lack of sanitation, and poor hygiene practices are complex issues for different pathogens and accountable for the occurrence of diarrhoea diseases. We assessed the combined effect of household’s source of drinking water and type of toilet facility and residential wellbeing on the incidence of childhood diarrhoea in 33 Sub-Saharan Africa countries while accounting for relevant compositional and contextual factors.

Methods
The 2010–2019 datasets from the Demographic and Health Surveys were drawn for analyses. The outcome variable used in this study was the incidence of childhood diarrhoea. Three negative log-log generalized linear regression models were then sequentially fitted to the data to examine the joint effect of household water and sanitation practices on child diarrhoea. The results were presented using crude odds ratios (CORs) and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Using ArcGIS software, maps were design to unveil the spatial distribution of key variables.

Findings
Approximately 16% of the 307,741 mothers interviewed reported an incidence of diarrhoea disease among children under-five years in their households. The results showed that a household depending on an unimproved source of drinking water and with an unimproved type of toilet facility was not significantly associated with childhood diarrhoea. However, those with improved drinking water but an unimproved type of toilet facility had higher odds of reporting childhood diarrhoea (AOR = 1.020, 95% CI = 1.003-1-036) compared to those in households with both improved source of drinking water and type of toilet facility. Across the geographical regions, Eastern (aOR = 1.102, 95% CI = 1.084–1.120) and Central Africa (aOR = 1.102, 95% CI = 1.083–1.121) were more likely to experience child diarrhoea.

Conclusion
Water and sanitation practices such as the source of drinking water and toilet facility, and geographic region had significant effects on childhood diarrhoea in sub-Saharan Africax. The findings suggest the need for multi-sectoral actions that recognise the geo-spatial and temporal characteristics identified in the study through regional to national policies. Water and sanitation community-based interventions that seek to improve equitable access to safe water and sanitation in the sub-region should be intensified.
Optimization of electrical stimulation for the treatment of lower limb dysfunction after stroke: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Fang Yu , Li Jiang , Liu Shanyu , Wang Yan , Li Jiaming , Yang Dongdong , Wang Qiaoling 
Published: May 2023

Objective
To compare the treatment effect of five electrical stimulation methods commonly used in the treatment of stroke patients with lower limb dysfunction.

Methods
We implemented a systematic search of 3915 studies published up to January 2023 from eight databases and two clinical trial registries. First, two independent reviewers critically evaluated trial eligibility according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Next, they selected and extracted data. Then, they assessed the risk of bias. Pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the effectiveness and ranking of the five electrical stimulation methods.

Results
A total of 33 trials with a final total of 2246 subjects were included in the analysis. By combining the comprehensive Rehabilitation Treatment (RT), the treatment effects of using five electrical stimulation methods were surperior to those of using RT only. In the meantime, RT+transcranial Direct Current Stimulation(tDCS) and RT+Functional Electrical Stimulation(FES) could be the optimal electric stimulation schemes for restoring lower limb motor function(SMD 8.35, 95%CI [3.05, 13.34]/ SMD 5.64, 95%CI [3.68, 7.56]), improving balance (SMD 9.80, 95%CI [0.67, 20.93]/ SMD 6.54, 95%CI [3.85, 10.95]) and activities of daily living(SMD 18.95, 95%CI [0.401, 36.9]/ SMD 15.47, 95%CI [7.89, 22.75]), and the treatment effects would be even better using RT+FES+tDCS combination.

Conclusion
tDCS and FES superior to other electrical stimulation methods based on RT in the treatment of lower limb dysfunction after stroke.