bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kann das Bürgergeld die Lebensmittelkosten einer gesunden Ernährung von Kindern und Jugendlichen decken?
Authors: Belgardt Aziza J. , Kersting Mathilde , Sinningen Kathrin , Schmidt-Choudhury Anjona , Jochum Frank , Claßen Martin , Lücke Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Einleitung
Von Armut betroffene Familien in Deutschland erhalten im Rahmen der Sozialgesetzgebung (SGB) existenzsichernde Leistungen. Das Bürgergeld umfasst auch Regelsätze für Kinder und Jugendliche, gestaffelt in 3 Altersgruppen. Der Bedarf für Ernährung ist die größte Kategorie des Regelsatzes. Die Optimierte Mischkost (OMK) ist ein praxisnahes Konzept einer gesunden Ernährung für Kinder und Jugendliche im Alter von 1–18 Jahren. Herkömmliche Lebensmittel und selbsthergestellte Speisen werden bevorzugt. Ziel des Projektes war es, die Lebensmittelkosten der OMK anhand des zugrunde liegenden 7‑Tage-Speiseplans zu berechnen.

Methodik
Es wurden die niedrigsten Regalpreise der 87 Lebensmittel der OMK im Lebensmitteleinzelhandel (1 Supermarkt, 1 Discounter; November 2022, Bochum) erfasst. Der Ernährungsregelsatz wurde mit den Lebensmittelkosten pro Monat nach den SGB-Altersgruppen sowie nach den Altersgruppen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE) verglichen. Weiterhin wurden die Beiträge der Lebensmittelgruppen zu den Gesamtkosten und der Gesamtenergiezufuhr der OMK aufgeschlüsselt.

Ergebnisse
Die Kosten der OMK wurden mit dem Ernährungsregelsatz des Bürgergeldes für die 3 SGB-Altersgruppen zu 101–109 % gedeckt, für die enger gefassten DGE-Altersgruppen war der Betrag mit wenigen Ausnahmen ebenfalls ausreichend. Hauptsächliche Kostenträger der OMK waren Gemüse/Rohkost, hauptsächliche Energielieferanten waren Brot/Getreideprodukte.

Diskussion
Mit dem Bürgergeld kann der ernährungsphysiologische Bedarf von Kindern und Jugendlichen gedeckt werden, unter der Voraussetzung der Selbstherstellung der Speisen und der Verwendung preiswerter Lebensmittel. Es bleibt zu diskutieren, inwieweit auch mit der Ernährung verbundene Bedürfnisse der sozialen Teilhabe erfüllt werden können.
Kodierung von Kindesmisshandlung und -vernachlässigung in Kliniken in Deutschland: Übersicht und Einordnung der Datenlage im Hellfeld
Authors: Walter Teresa , Fegert Jörg M. , Jud Andreas 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Kindesmisshandlung ist in Deutschland ein gravierendes Problem. Um entsprechend effektive Präventionsmaßnahmen zu planen, stellen insbesondere erhobene Krankenhausdaten zu Kindesmisshandlung eine wichtige Datengrundlage dar. Damit kann beurteilt werden, inwieweit gefährdete Kinder und Jugendliche identifiziert, unterstützt und geschützt werden. Eine systematische Auswertung und Einordnung dieser Krankenhausdaten in Deutschland fehlt bislang. Ziel der Arbeit war es deshalb, einen Überblick über die Datenlage in diesem Hellfeld zu erlangen und damit die bestehende Forschungslücke zu schließen.

Methode
Deskriptive Auswertung (teil-)stationärer Daten zu Kindesmisshandlung und -vernachlässigung (Nebendiagnose in der Internationalen statistischen Klassifikation der Krankheiten und verwandter Gesundheitsprobleme, 10. Revision (ICD-10): T74.0, T74.1, T74.2, T74.3, T74.8, T74.9 + Prozedur OPS: 1‑945.0, 1‑945.1) aus dem Erhebungszeitraum 2019 bis 2023. Betrachtet werden jeweils die Variablen Alter, Geschlecht sowie misshandlungsrelevante Hauptdiagnosen. Der Zugang zu den Daten erfolgte über den Datenbrowser des Instituts für das Entgeltsystem im Krankenhaus (InEK).

Ergebnisse
Die verschwindend geringe Anzahl diagnostizierter und dokumentierter Fälle von Kindesmisshandlung im (teil-)stationären klinischen Setting steht in starkem Kontrast zu den Dunkelfeldprävalenzen bevölkerungsrepräsentativer Untersuchungen. Eine erhebliche Untererfassung aller Misshandlungsformen wird deutlich, die verschiedenen Formen bei Jungen und Mädchen unterschiedlich häufig erkannt. Darüber hinaus wird die oft fehlende Verknüpfung kindesmisshandlungsrelevanter Diagnosen und geleisteter Prozeduren ersichtlich.

Schlussfolgerung
Neben Sensibilisierung sowie Aus‑, Fort- und Weiterbildung von Fachkräften im Gesundheitswesen besteht die Notwendigkeit von gezielten politischen Veränderungen.
Überbelastungsreaktionen am Fuß
Authors: Keiler Alexander , Genelin Konstantin , Riechelmann Felix 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund
Überbelastungsreaktionen sind stark einschränkende sowie belastende Erkrankungen und betreffen in den meisten Fällen den Fuß. Dieser Übersichtsartikel soll die häufigsten spezifischen Krankheitsbilder darstellen sowie Hintergründe und Therapiemaßnahmen erläutern. Er dient als Behandlungspfad und Algorithmus in der klinischen Praxis zur Behandlung von Überbelastungsreaktionen am Fuß.

Methoden
Fachspezifische Literatur wurde nach Krankheitsbildern, Grundlagen und Therapiekonzepten systematisch ausgewertet und mit eigenen Erfahrungswerten und Behandlungsmaßnahmen korreliert.

Ergebnisse
Plantare Fasciitis, Achillodynie, Ermüdungsfrakturen, Schienbeinkantensyndrom, Überbelastung der Tibialis-posterior-Sehne, Morton-Neurome sowie Apophysitis calcanei stellen die häufigsten Überbelastungsreaktionen am Fuß dar. Die Basis der Diagnostik sollten stets Anamnese sowie klinische Untersuchung in statischer und dynamischer Durchführung darstellen. Bildgebend sollte eine Röntgenaufnahme des Fußes und des Sprunggelenks im Stehen angefertigt werden. Ergänzend empfiehlt sich meist eine Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT), da sie wertvolle Informationen zur Erkrankung liefert und auch zum Ausschluss anderer Differenzialdiagnosen dienen kann. Die primäre Therapie stellen konservative Maßnahmen dar. Für die Eigenbluttherapie mit plättchenreichem Plasma (PRP) findet sich v. a. die Behandlung der plantaren Fasciitis und der Achillodynie zunehmend Evidenz. Nach Ausschöpfung der konservativen Therapie kann in speziellen Fällen mitunter eine operative Therapie angedacht werden.

Schlussfolgerung
Überbelastungserkrankungen am Fuß stellen schmerzhafte und belastende Erkrankungen dar. Die primäre Therapie ist konservativ. Zunehmende Evidenz findet sich für die Eigenbluttherapie mit PRP. Dennoch durchlaufen Patienten mitunter einen langen Leidensweg.
Evaluierung allgemeiner Modellvorstellungen zur großräumigen Fließsystematik im Oberjura-Aquifer (Molassebecken)
Authors: Winter Theis , Schölderle Felix , Pfrang Daniela , Baumann Thomas , Zosseder Kai , Kus Günter , Einsiedl Florian 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Der Oberjura-Aquifer im Süddeutschen Molassebecken, bestehend aus den Karbonaten des Oberjura und der Unterkreide (Purbeck), ist der derzeit wichtigste geothermische Explorationshorizont in Deutschland. Dieser bis zu 600 m mächtige Aquifer erstreckt sich von der Fränkischen und Schwäbischen Alb im Norden bis zum nördlichen Alpenrand im Süden. Hydrogeologische Kernthemen bei der wissenschaftlichen Beschreibung sind unter anderem die Fließsystematik und die Lokalisierung potenzieller Einzugsgebiete des Oberjura-Aquifers, für die ein umfangreiches Reservoirverständnis nötig ist. Bedingt durch die unterschiedliche thematische Ausrichtung der bisherigen Arbeiten und ihre zeitlichen Abstände sind die Ergebnisse teilweise widersprüchlich und vermitteln bisher für den Oberjura-Aquifer kein einheitliches hydrogeologisches Bild. Aktuell sind 24 Geothermieanlagen im Molassebecken im kontinuierlichen Betrieb und eröffnen somit die Möglichkeit, auf regionaler Ebene einheitliche Untersuchungen im Oberjura-Aquifer durchzuführen. In diesem Review werden die aktuell verfügbaren Daten zur Altersdatierung, Hydrochemie, Hydraulik, Temperaturfeld und Hypothesen zur Fließsystematik in einen gemeinsamen Kontext gestellt und neu diskutiert.
Ecosystem Changes Caused by Hydrological Change are Associated with Population Decline in a Formerly-Common Grazing Herbivore
Authors: Blaser-Hart W. J. , Shanungu G. K. , Edwards P. J. , Harms J. , Hart S. P. H. , Ellenbroek G. A. , van Gils H. A. M. J. , Simukonda C. , Olde Venterink H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Few ecosystems are more sensitive to hydrological change than seasonally-flooded wetlands. Here, we investigate how changes in hydrological regimes caused by the construction of two dams have contributed to large changes in the structure and dynamics of the Kafue Flats, an internationally-important, partially-protected wetland ecosystem in Zambia. We use historical (1970) and contemporary (2013) data to describe changes in hydrology due to dam operations, and to compare the areal extent, distribution, and composition of the major wetland and dryland habitats in the pre- and post-dam periods. To understand the seasonal dynamics of the ecosystem and how these dynamics influence the seasonal movement and use of the ecosystem by the dominant grazing herbivore, the endangered Kafue lechwe, we combine data on annual hydrological variation with spatially- and/or temporally-explicit quantitative estimates of: (1) grass biomass and nutrient stocks, (2) distribution of lechwe across habitats, and (3) lechwe nutritional status. The operation of the dams has reduced hydrological variation, causing a loss of more than 50% of seasonally-flooded grasslands and probably promoting woody encroachment in some habitats. Our results demonstrate that Kafue lechwe is highly dependent on these seasonally-flooded grasslands during the dry season, when their nutritional status is otherwise critically low. In combination, we hypothesize that changes in the flooding regime driven by dam construction precipitated ecosystem-level changes that—together with other factors—may have contributed to a rapid historic, as well as ongoing decline in the lechwe population. Our study highlights potential consequences of the spatio-temporal homogenization of a previously highly variable ecosystem.
Refining the role of bathymetry, hydrodynamics and upwelling at various scales along the coral reefs at Sodwana Bay, South Africa
Authors: Wells Calvin , Pringle Justin , Stretch Derek 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hydrodynamics and physical processes that occur at various length and time scales strongly influence coral reefs. Therefore, understanding the interactions between reefs, hydrodynamics and other physical processes is crucial for the maintenance and survival of reef systems. Coral reefs around the world are under increasing threat to global climate change, and additionally coral bleaching is a major concern for the health and survival of these reefs. Some marginal coral reefs are situated in areas where the complex ocean flow patterns interact with topographical features, providing possible refuges to rising ocean temperatures and coral bleaching. A prominent example is the Sodwana Bay coral reef system which has shown resilience to coral bleaching. This resilience has been attributed to cold water temperature anomalies that cause short-term temperature fluctuations on the reefs. This study explores hydrodynamics at various scales around the Sodwana Bay coral reefs and associated short-term temperature anomalies using a flexible mesh hydrodynamic model of the southwest region of the Indian Ocean, nested within a global ocean model. The nested hydrodynamic model better replicates the observed temperature anomalies when compared to the the reanalysis NEMO global ocean model. The higher model resolution around Sodwana results in less numerical mixing and smoothing of the temperature fields in the nearshore region when compared to the reanalysed NEMO global ocean model leading to a better replication of the local hydrodynamics around the Sodwana region. The anomalies investigated were associated with remote upwelling of cold water near the Delagoa Peninsula, followed by advection from the Delagoa Bight towards the Sodwana region. The separation of the strong intermittent southward stream from the Delagoa Peninsula is strongly linked to the upwelling at the Delagoa Peninsula. An analysis of the hydrodynamic patterns during the anomaly periods reveal that when the strong southward stream reattaches to the coastline, it typically does so south of Sodwana. The reattachment of the stream has an inertial effect and pushes the flow of water against the coastline which deflects the flow northwards up past Sodwana resulting in a northward current reversal along the Sodwana coastline which agrees with observed current reversals during the anomaly periods by insitu measurements taken on the Sodwana reefs. The model also revealed that local upwelling occurs within the Sodwana canyons during this event, making the water in the canyons colder than the surrounding water. When the locally upwelled water spreads over the reef system, the anomaly amplitude is enhanced by approximately 20 %.
The use of multiple systems estimation to estimate the number of unattributed paintings by Modigliani
Authors: Jackson James Edward , Francis Brian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The number of unattributed paintings by Amedeo Modigliani is estimated, using the method of multiple systems estimation (MSE). Most major artists’ works are listed in one catalogue raisonné, but there are five catalogues purporting to list Modigliani paintings. These can be treated as list sources from which MSE can be applied. We obtain estimates by following the classical MSE approach using log-linear models, and compare these with estimates obtained via a Bayesian non-parametric latent class approach. We also consider the impact of fake paintings through sensitivity analyses. Our estimates point to there being around 20–120 unattributed Modigliani paintings.
Concentration properties of fractional posterior in 1-bit matrix completion
Authors: Mai The Tien 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The problem of estimating a matrix based on a set of observed entries is commonly referred to as the matrix completion problem. In this work, we specifically address the scenario of binary observations, often termed as 1-bit matrix completion. While numerous studies have explored Bayesian and frequentist methods for real-value matrix completion, there has been a lack of theoretical exploration regarding Bayesian approaches in 1-bit matrix completion. We tackle this gap by considering a general, non-uniform sampling scheme and providing theoretical assurances on the efficacy of the fractional posterior. Our contributions include obtaining concentration results for the fractional posterior and demonstrating its effectiveness in recovering the underlying parameter matrix. We accomplish this using two distinct types of prior distributions: low-rank factorization priors and a spectral scaled Student prior, with the latter requiring fewer assumptions. Importantly, our results exhibit an adaptive nature by not mandating prior knowledge of the rank of the parameter matrix. Our findings are comparable to those found in the frequentist literature, yet demand fewer restrictive assumptions.
Catastrophic Cooling Instability in Optically Thin Plasmas
Authors: Waters Timothy , Stricklan Amanda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The solar corona is the prototypical example of a low-density environment heated to high temperatures by external sources. The plasma cools radiatively, and because it is optically thin to this radiation, it becomes possible to model the density, velocity, and temperature structure of the system by modifying the MHD equations to include an energy source term that approximates the local heating and cooling rates. The solutions can be highly inhomogeneous and even multiphase because the well-known linear instability associated with this source term, thermal instability, leads to a catastrophic heating and cooling of the plasma in the nonlinear regime. Here we show that there is a separate, much simpler linear instability accompanying this source term that can rival thermal instability in dynamical importance. The stability criterion is the isochoric one identified by Parker (1953), and we demonstrate that cooling functions derived from collisional ionization equilibrium are highly prone to violating this criterion. If catastrophic cooling instability can act locally in global simulations, then it is an alternative mechanism for forming condensations, and due to its nonequilibrium character, it may be relevant to explaining a host of phenomena associated with the production of cooler gas in hot, low density plasmas.
Financial Sustainability and Influence Dynamics in Yemen's Conflict-Affected NGO Landscape: Unveiling ‘Sheikh’ Organizations
Authors: Elayah Moosa , Al-Awami Hasan , Al-Qobati Enas , Schulpen Lau 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines the role of Sheikh NGOs as financial gatekeepers in Yemen’s NGO sector, showing how their control over aid distribution reinforces dependency and limits local NGOs' autonomy. Through interviews with 45 stakeholders, the research reveals the challenges that local NGOs face in achieving financial sustainability amid economic instability, political turmoil, and dwindling donor support. The findings indicate a significant asymmetry in funding, with Sheikh NGOs monopolizing resources, which constrains the flexibility and innovation of smaller NGOs. Integrating dependency theory, the study illustrates how reliance on intermediaries reinforces power imbalances, while collective impact theory highlights the potential for transformative partnerships. Successful collaborations, like those between the Youth Leadership Development Foundation and local NGOs, underscore the need for Sheikh NGOs to adopt more supportive roles, empowering smaller organizations. This study calls for a reconfiguration of roles within Yemen's NGO sector, advocating a shift from dependency to partnership. In fostering collaboration and supporting local NGO autonomy, stakeholders can build a more equitable and resilient framework, ultimately enhancing humanitarian efforts in Yemen.
2-[18F]Fluoropropionic Acid PET Imaging of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Azcona Juan A. , Wacker Anja S. , Lee Chul-Hee , Fung Edward K. , Jeitner Thomas M. , Manzo Onorina L. , Di Lorenzo Annarita , Babich John W. , Amor-Coarasa Alejandro , Kelly James M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Treatment of pediatric cancers with doxorubicin is a common and predictable cause of cardiomyopathy. Early diagnosis of treatment-induced cardiotoxicity and intervention are major determinants for the prevention of advanced disease. The onset of cardiomyopathies is often accompanied by profound changes in lipid metabolism, including an enhanced uptake of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Therefore, we explored the utility of 2-[18F]fluoropropionic acid ([18F]FPA), an SCFA analog, as an imaging biomarker of cardiac injury in mice exposed to doxorubicin.

Procedures
Cardiotoxicity and cardiac dysfunction were induced in mice by an 8-dose regimen of doxorubicin (cumulative dose 24 mg/kg) administered over 14 days. The effects of doxorubicin exposure were assessed by measurement of heart weights, left ventricular ejection fractions, and blood cardiac troponin levels. Whole body and cardiac [18F]FPA uptakes were determined by PET and tissue gamma counting in the presence or absence of AZD3965, a pharmacological inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1). Radiation absorbed doses were estimated using tissue time-activity concentrations.

Results
Significantly higher cardiac [18F]FPA uptake was observed in doxorubicin-treated animals. This uptake remained constant from 30 to 120 min post-injection. Pharmacological inhibition of MCT1-mediated transport by AZD3965 selectively decreased the uptake of [18F]FPA in tissues other than the heart. Co-administration of [18F]FPA and AZD3965 enhanced the imaging contrast of the diseased heart while reducing overall exposure to radioactivity.

Conclusions
[18F]FPA, especially when co-administered with AZD3965, is a new tool for imaging changes in fatty acid metabolism occurring in response to doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by PET.
Recent advances in electrochemical sensing and remediation technologies for ciprofloxacin
Authors: Kini Vrinda , C S Sreelakshmi , Mondal Debasmita , Sundarabal Nethaji , Nag Pooja , Sadani Kapil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is an extensively used broad-spectrum, fluoroquinolone antibiotic used for treating diverse bacterial infections. Effluent treatment plants (ETPs) worldwide lack technologies to detect or remediate antibiotics. CIP reaches the aquatic phase primarily due to inappropriate disposal practices, lack of point-of-use sensing, and preloaded activated charcoal filter at ETPs. The co-existence of bacteria and CIP in such aqueous pools has promoted fluoroquinolone resistance in bacteria and should be minimized. The worldwide accepted standard detection methodologies for the detection of CIP are high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, which are lab-based, require state-of-the-art equipment, and are expensive. Hence, it is difficult to integrate them for on-site monitoring. Further, the current remediation technologies like conventional sludge-treatment techniques fail to remove antibiotics such as CIP. Several point-of-use technologies for the detection of CIP are being investigated. These typically involve the development of electrochemical sensors where substrates, modifiers, biorecognition elements, and their chemistries are designed and optimized to enable robust, point-of-use detection of CIP. Similarly, remediation techniques like adsorption, membrane filtration, ion exchange, photocatalysis, ozonation, oxidation by Fenton’s reagent, and bioremediation are explored, but their onsite use is limited. The use of these sensing and remediation technologies in tandem is possibly the only way the issues related to antimicrobial resistance may be effectively tackled. This article provides a focused critical review on the recent advances in the development of such technologies, laying out the prospects and perspectives of their synergistic use to curb the menace of AMR and preserve antibiotics.
Barriers to transition to resource-oriented sanitation in rural Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Thomas Ayalew , Novotný Josef , Hasman Jiří , Mamo Biruk Getachew , Tucho Gudina Terefe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recycling excreta resources through resource-oriented toilet systems (ROTS) holds transformative potential, yet adoption remains limited, especially where benefits could be high. This study aims to understand constraints hindering the adoption of ROTS in one such area in Ethiopia. Based on a survey among 476 households comprising 2393 individuals, we examine the plans to use ROTS and willingness to pay for ROTS and apply structural equation modelling to analyze the drivers of these two outcomes while comparing the explanative power of the extended technology acceptance model, extended theory of planned behaviour, and their combined model. While 40% of households expressed a plan to use ROTS and 20% reported willingness to pay for a subsidized ROTS with a biogas unit, merely 7% revealed both the plan to use and sufficient willingness to pay, highlighting the need to target both these complementary outcomes concurrently. The theory of planned behaviour showed the best explanative power, also revealing that these two outcomes are influenced by partly distinct sets of factors. Findings imply that common efforts to ease objective constraints through subsidies, which incentivize willingness to pay, are necessary but not sufficient for facilitating the adoption of ROTS. To simultaneously enhance intentions to use, it is also recommended to target psychosocial drivers, such as perceived behavioural control and perceived community support, through awareness creation, behaviour change activities, and community engagement techniques.