bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning-based clinical decision support system for gastric neoplasms in real-time endoscopy: development and validation study
Authors: Gong Eun Jeong , Bang Chang Seok , Lee Jae Jun , Baik Gwang Ho , Lim Hyun , Jeong Jae Hoon , Choi Sung Won , Cho Joonhee , Kim Deok Yeol , Lee Kang Bin , Shin Seung-Il , Sigmund Dick , Moon Byeong In , Park Sung Chul , Lee Sang Hoon , Bang Ki Bae , Son Dae-Soon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Deep learning models have previously been established to predict the histopathology and invasion depth of gastric lesions using endoscopic images. This study aimed to establish and validate a deep learning-based clinical decision support system (CDSS) for the automated detection and classification (diagnosis and invasion depth prediction) of gastric neoplasms in real-time endoscopy.
Methods The same 5017 endoscopic images that were employed to establish previous models were used for the training data. The primary outcomes were: (i) the lesion detection rate for the detection model, and (ii) the lesion classification accuracy for the classification model. For performance validation of the lesion detection model, 2524 real-time procedures were tested in a randomized pilot study. Consecutive patients were allocated either to CDSS-assisted or conventional screening endoscopy. The lesion detection rate was compared between the groups. For performance validation of the lesion classification model, a prospective multicenter external test was conducted using 3976 novel images from five institutions.
Results The lesion detection rate was 95.6 % (internal test). On performance validation, CDSS-assisted endoscopy showed a higher lesion detection rate than conventional screening endoscopy, although statistically not significant (2.0 % vs. 1.3 %; P = 0.21) (randomized study). The lesion classification rate was 89.7 % in the four-class classification (advanced gastric cancer, early gastric cancer, dysplasia, and non-neoplastic) and 89.2 % in the invasion depth prediction (mucosa confined or submucosa invaded; internal test). On performance validation, the CDSS reached 81.5 % accuracy in the four-class classification and 86.4 % accuracy in the binary classification (prospective multicenter external test).
Conclusions The CDSS demonstrated its potential for real-life clinical application and high performance in terms of lesion detection and classification of detected lesions in the stomach.
Hemostasis in the Pregnant Woman, the Placenta, the Fetus, and the Newborn Infant
Authors: Warren Beth Boulden , Moyer Genevieve C. , Manco-Johnson Marilyn J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe hemostasis system is composed of procoagulant, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic proteins that interact with endothelial and blood cells and with each other in a complex system of checks and balances to maintain blood flow while preventing both hemorrhage and thrombosis. Pregnancy is a unique physiological state in which biological alterations predispose both mother and fetus to both bleeding and clotting. The placenta is a vascular interface for maternal and fetal blood exchange which predisposes the mother to hemorrhage. Maternal hemostasis presents a compensatory hypercoagulability including elevated factor VIII, von Willebrand factor, fibrinogen and thrombin generation, decreased thrombin regulation with resistance to activated protein C and decreased free protein S, and decreased fibrinolysis with increased plasminogen activator inhibitors. The placental vascular surface is of fetal trophoblastic origin that derives many characteristics of endothelium but differs in that tissue factor is constitutively expressed. Ontogeny of fetal hemostasis is characteristic. Platelets, von Willebrand factor, factor VIII, and fibrinogen are expressed and mature early in gestation, while vitamin K–dependent and contact factors exhibit delayed development. The fetal hemostatic system has a decreased capacity to generate or regulate thrombin, resulting in a fragile balance with little capacity to compensate under stress conditions, particularly in the infant born prematurely. Dysfunction of the maternal/placental/fetal unit gives rise to gestational disorders including preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, placental abruption, and premature delivery. Knowledge of normal hemostasis levels and function are critical to evaluate bleeding or clotting syndromes in the pregnant woman and her fetus or newborn infant.
Thrombus Signal on T1-Weighted Black-Blood MR Predicts Outcomes of Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Huang Chen , He Xueping , Xie Yueyuan , Chen Hanwei , Ye Yufeng , Sun Yi , Dharmakumar Rohan , Ryu Robert K. , Li Debiao , Xie Guoxi , Fan Zhaoyang 
Published: February 2023

Objectives Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) is an effective therapy for acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT). However, predicting the CDT outcomes remains elusive. We hypothesized that the thrombus signal on T1-weighted black-blood magnetic resonance (MR) can provide insight into CDT outcomes in acute DVT patients.
Methods A total of 117 patients with acute iliofemoral DVT were enrolled for T1-weighted black-blood MR before CDT in this prospective study. Based on the signal contrast between thrombus and adjacent muscle, patients were categorized into the iso-intense thrombus (Iso-IT), hyper-intense thrombus (Hyper-IT), and mixed iso-/hyper-intense thrombi (Mixed-IT) groups. Immediate treatment outcome (i.e., vein patency) and long-term treatment outcome (i.e., the incidence rate of postthrombotic syndrome) were accessed by the same expert. Histological analysis and iron quantification were performed on thrombus samples to characterize the content of fibrin, collagen, and the ratio of Fe3+ to total iron.
Results Compared to Mixed-IT and Hyper-IT groups, the Iso-IT group had the best lytic effect (90.5 ± 1.6% vs. 78.4 ± 2.6% vs. 46.5 ± 3.3%, p < 0.001), lowest bleeding ratio (0.0 vs. 11.8 vs. 13.3, p < 0.001), and the lowest incidence rate of postthrombotic syndrome on 24 months (3.6 vs. 18.4 vs. 63.4%, p < 0.001) following CDT. The Iso-IT group had a significantly lower ratio of Fe3+ to total iron (93.1 ± 3.2% vs. 97.2 ± 2.1%, p = 0.034) and a higher content of fibrin (12.5 ± 5.3% vs. 4.76 ± 3.18%, p = 0.023) than Hyper-IT.
Conclusion Thrombus signal characteristics on T1-weighted black-blood MR is associated with CDT outcomes and possesses potential to serve as a noninvasive approach to guide treatment decision making in acute DVT patients.
Key Points
Quality of Life Outcomes in Stage IV Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Feizpour Cyrus Ali , Turk Anita , Mohanty Sanjay 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith improvements across the colorectal cancer care continuum, from screening and earlier detection to better systemic options, patients are living longer with the disease. Given these improvements over the last several decades, quality of life outcomes have become important components when evaluating treatment efficacy and adverse effects. This article reviews quality of life measurement generally, discusses tools currently being used in colorectal cancer patients, and reviews outcomes following both surgical and nonsurgical management from clinical trials, observational studies, and meta-analyses.
Credit for Truly Novel Ideas? A Critical Approach to the Intellectual Authorship in Surgery
Authors: Ferreira Miguel Gonçalves , Gubisch Wolfgang , Pearlman Steve , Sykes Jonathan , Özmen Selahattin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe formation of new ideas and techniques in medicine and surgery is crucial to bettering the medical field and the quality of medical care. The transmission of these new ideas is a source of pride and recognition for physicians who devote their lives to patient care. The quality and integrity of the medical literature that results from seminal medical ideas are an essential but unregulated field. From time to time, there are discussions in the medical literature about the authorship of an idea/strategy/technique. In this digital era, where communication works at an unmeasurable speed, the authenticity of medical communication requires honesty and verification. The possibility of unreliable or false information exists, and the need to verify “new” information as accurate and honest is crucial. Rhythm, genuine, and fake (fair/unfair) information circulates at high speed, and suddenly everything one encounters is represented as “true and often represented as new.” Regarding medical science and particularly surgery - we are overloaded daily with new techniques, new names, new strategies, and everything. Several questions regarding the authenticity of any publication or scientific communication exist. A critical approach is done in this article.
The Efficacy of Topical Lactoferrin on Wound Healing in an Experimental Animal Model of Nasal Septum Perforation
Authors: Uşaklıoğlu Semih , Çakan Doğan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present experimental animal study was to investigate the efficacy of bovine lactoferrin (LF) on wound healing in an animal model of nasal septum perforation (NSP).Twenty-two, 8 to 10 weeks of age, male Sprague-Dawley rats were separated into two groups. Nasal septum perforation was created in each rat. The saline (control) and 0.05 mg LF (study) groups were delivered locally for 14 days. On the 14th day of the study, after the sacrifice, the cartilage nasal septa of the animals were excised. The degeneration and regeneration observed in the nasal septum epithelium and cartilage, the number of acute inflammatory cells, the number of eosinophils, the amount of new vessel formation, the amount of granulation, and the collagen density were examined microscopically. The microscopic parameters and macroscopic healing of NSPs were analyzed. The epithelium regeneration, the fibroblast number, the granulation tissue formation, the collagen density, and the macroscopic healing were significantly higher in the LF group (p < 0.05). Besides, the acute inflammatory cell count was lower in the LF group (p = 0.034). In conclusion, the topically delivered LF can improve wound healing in an experimental rat model of NSP.
The Future of Interventions for Stage IV Colorectal Cancers
Authors: Lloy Samantha , Lin Mayin , Franko Jan , Raman Shankar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFuture options for the management of stage IV colorectal cancer are primarily focused on personalized and directed therapies. Interventions include precision cancer medicine, utilizing nanocarrier platforms for directed chemotherapy, palliative pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC), adjunctive oncolytic virotherapy, and radioembolization techniques. Comprehensive genetic profiling provides specific tumor-directed therapy based on individual genetics. Biomimetic magnetic nanoparticles as chemotherapy delivery systems may reduce systemic side effects of traditional chemotherapy by targeting tumor cells and sparing healthy cells. PIPAC is a newly emerging option for patients with peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer and is now being used internationally, showing promising results as a palliative therapy for colorectal cancer. Oncolytic virotherapy is another emerging potential treatment option, especially when combined with standard chemotherapy and/or radiation, as well as immunotherapy. And finally, radioembolization with yttrium-90 (90Y) microspheres has shown some success in treating patients with unresectable liver metastasis from colorectal cancer via selective arterial injection.
Multiphase holdup measurement of oil–gas–water flow using new dual receiver fiber-optical probe array multiphase logging tool
Authors: Hao Hu , Kong Deming , Chen Xiaoyu , Wu Peiliang , Zhao Fengda , Kong Dehan , Chen Jiliang , Liu Guoquan , Kong Lingfu 
Published: February 2023

To solve the problem of multiphase holdup measurement, a new dual-receiver fiber-optical probe array multiphase logging tool (NDRFOPA_MLT) is designed and developed. This paper first constructed the mechanism model of an NDRFOP for phase holdup measurement by using the ray tracing method and theoretically analyzed the feasibility of NDRFOP to measure phase holdup; considering the shortcomings of NDRFOP local measurement, a NDRFOPA sensor for oil production three-phase flow is designed and developed. At the same time, the volume of fluid model was used to simulate the distribution characteristics of the medium in the NDRFOPA_MLT measurement pipeline under the working conditions of oil–gas–water flow with a total flow rate range of 0.42–1.25 m3/h, water holdup range of 50%–80%, oil holdup range of 10%–30%, and gas holdup range of 10%–40%. In addition, the NDRFOPA_MLT measurement models for different multiphase flow conditions were established by the ZEMAX ray tracing method, and the sensitivity distribution, response characteristics, and phase holdup measurement methods were studied to obtain the phase holdup measurement results under multiphase flow conditions. Finally, a multiphase flow experimental platform with a measurement pipe diameter of 20 mm and a measurement pipe length of 300 mm was established, and experiments were conducted under multiphase flow conditions, such as a gas flow rate range of 0.04–0.16 m3/h, oil flow rate range of 0.64–1.70 m3/h, and water flow rate range of 0.53–2.58 m3/h. The experimental results showed that phase holdup measurement error was mainly kept within 10%.
Melting conditions and entropies of superionic water ice: Free-energy calculations based on hybrid solid/liquid reference systems
Authors: Fidalgo Cândido Vitor , Matusalem Filipe , de Koning Maurice 
Published: February 2023

Superionic (SI) water ices—high-temperature, high-pressure phases of water in which oxygen ions occupy a regular crystal lattice whereas the protons flow in a liquid-like manner—have attracted a growing amount of attention over the past few years, in particular due to their possible role in the magnetic anomalies of the ice giants Neptune and Uranus. In this paper, we consider the calculation of the free energies of such phases, exploring hybrid reference systems consisting of a combination of an Einstein solid for the oxygen ions occupying a crystal lattice and a Uhlenbeck-Ford potential for the protonic fluid that avoids irregularities associated with possible particle overlaps. Applying this approach to a recent neural-network potential-energy landscape for SI water ice, we compute Gibbs free energies as a function of temperature for the SI fcc and liquid phases to determine the melting temperature Tm at 340 GPa. The results are consistent with previous estimates and indicate that the entropy difference between both phases is comparatively small, in particular due to the large amplitude of vibration of the oxygen ions in the fcc phase at the melting temperature.
Relationship of pig carcass grade with the amount of pork belly estimated with AutoFom III
Authors: Ko Eunyoug , Park Yunhwan , Park Kwangwook , Woo Changhyun , Park Sanghun , Kim Yun-a , Park Gyutae , Oh Sehyuk , Kim Jaeyoung , Choi Jungseok 
Published: February 2023

Context Pork belly is the most preferable and expensive primal cut among various primal cuts in Korea. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of pig carcass grade with the amount of pork belly (kg). Methods In total, 350 179 Landrace, Yorkshire, and Duroc (LYD) pigs were graded with the Korean Pig Carcass Grade System. Amount of pork belly cut was estimated with an AutoFom III equipment. Key results Distribution characteristics of carcass weight, backfat thickness, belly weight, and belly fat percentage were analysed. When the yield of pork belly was investigated by grade, lower-grade carcass had a higher amount of pork belly (P < 0.0001). The correlation coefficients between carcass weight and belly weight were 0.798 for Grade 1+, 0.906 for Grade 1, and 0.932 for Grade 2 (P < 0.0001). The correlation between backfat thickness and belly weight was lower with a decreasing grade. Regression analysis was performed with carcass weight or backfat thickness as a dependent variable and belly weight as an independent variable. Coefficients of determination (ρ2) of carcass weight and belly weight for each grade were higher for a lower grade (0.637 for Grade 1+, 0.821 for Grade 1, 0.867 for Grade 2). Conclusion The lower-grade pork belly, the most expensive in Korea, had a higher quantity of pork belly, and the correlation coefficient between pork belly and carcass weight and between pork belly and backfat thickness was higher as the lower grade level increased. Implication For a reasonable price of pork in the market, the current lean meat-based carcass-grading system should also include the yield of each primal cut.
Increasing the accuracy and efficiency of wildlife census with unmanned aerial vehicles: a simulation study
Authors: Fust Pascal , Loos Jacqueline 
Published: February 2023

Context Manned aerial surveys are an expensive endeavour, which is one of the core reasons for insufficient data coverage on wildlife monitoring in many regions. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be a valid, cost-efficient alternative, but the application of UAVs also comes with challenges. Aim In this explorative simulation study, our aim was to develop an efficient layout of UAV surveys that could potentially overcome challenges related to double counts of individuals and even area coverage, and that would minimise off-effort travel costs. Methods Based on different simulated survey layouts we developed hypothetically for the Katavi National Park in Tanzania, we quantified the advantages that UAVs might offer. We then compared these findings with manned aerial surveys. Key results The proposed new survey design and layout indicated an increase in survey efficiency of up to 21% when compared with conventional survey designs using parallel transect lines. Despite the complex flight pattern, the accuracy of the flight paths of the UAV outcompeted those of manned aerial surveys. The adapted survey layout enabled a team of two operators with a small battery-powered UAV to cover an area of up to 1000 km2 per day, without specific infrastructural requirements. Conclusion Our calculations may serve as a vital spark for innovation for future UAV survey designs that may have to deal with large areas and complex topographies while reducing operational effort. Implications UAV applications, if well designed, provide useful complementation, if not replacement, for manned aerial surveys and other remotely sensed data collections. Our suggested survey design is transferable to other study regions, and may be useful for applying UAVs efficiently.
The loss of the negative morpheme ne in Parisian French
Authors: Ashby William J. 
Published: February 2023

Data from a corpus of upper-middle class Parisian French demonstrate that the omission of the negative morpheme ne in negative structures is most frequent among certain demographic segments of the population. This finding, together with historical evidence, suggests that the optional deletion of the negative morpheme ne represents a continuing linguistic change, presaging the eventual total loss of ne – or ‘old not’. This change is most advanced in certain syntactic and phonetic contexts and in informal style.
Towards pragmatic construction typology
Authors: Bychkova Polina , Rakhilina Ekaterina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper introduces discourse formulae, i.e. frequently used formulaic replies like No way! or You bet!, as an object for linguistic typology. It demonstrates that the frame methodology (Rakhilina & Reznikova 2016) could be applied to these multi-word pragmatic units. The method implies deducing typical situations of use (frames) for a group of synonymous units, and comparing the distributions of these units across frames in different languages. The pilot data includes discourse formulae of negation in Russian, Polish, Slovenian, and Serbian. Six major frames are established. The distributions are obtained with surveys, with Correspondence Analysis applied to the data. The pragmatic parameters influencing the distributions concern the illocutionary type of the preceding utterance, and the speaker’s role in the dialogue.
The use of interjections as a discourse phenomenon
Authors: Nikitina Tatiana , Aplonova Ekaterina , Contreras Roa Leonardo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study describes and compares two conventionalized uses of interjections in traditional narratives in Chuvash (Turkic) and Wan (Mande). First, interjections are shown to be associated with a quotative function: they help signal instances of reported speech. The use of interjections interacts with the grammatical marking of reported speech: the presence of an interjection is negatively correlated with the presence of a grammaticalized quotative element. Second, in Chuvash, but not in Wan, interjections are used, outside the context of reported speech, to emphasize an event’s intensity or duration. We relate the absence of an intensifying function in Wan to competition between interjections and ideophones. The two phenomena shed light on the interaction between interjections and language-specific grammatical and lexical resources.
Polish że ‘that’ as an elaboration marker
Authors: Guz Wojciech , Jędrzejowski Łukasz 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter discusses a colloquial spoken use of the Polish subordinating conjunction że (lit. ‘that’) as an elaboration marker. Mainly, we argue that że has a core meaning of elaboration spanning a continuum of context-dependent discourse slots. One extreme end of it sees the canonical complementizer tasks, the other one sees the elaboration marker uses operating on the plane of discourse and spoken dialogic interaction. Much of the chapter demonstrates the contrasts between the two types. Additionally, the Polish pattern is reviewed against a cross-linguistic background of elaboration markers in discourse/text as well as a more fine-grained overview of forms signalling both elaboration (in discourse) and complementation (in clause-combining syntax).
A typological study of tail-head linkage constructions
Authors: Olguín Martínez Jesús 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper explores tail-head linkage constructions in a convenience sample of 58 languages. Special attention is paid to recapitulative constructions in which reported speech clauses are omitted and only the quotative verb is recapitulated and summary constructions composed of a light verb accompanied by a deictic and dependency marker. These strategies are more frequent in East Tucanoan languages in the sample. Interestingly, neighboring languages not genetically related to East Tucanoan have both strategies. It is proposed that the most obvious explanation seems to be language contact. This is because: (1) the languages are spoken in the same region, (2) they are not genetically related, and (3) the probability of chance resemblance is low given the rarity of the strategies.