bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural analysis of customized 3D printed plate for pelvic bone by comparison with conventional plate based on bending process
Authors: Jo Woo-Lam , Chung Yang-Guk , Shin Seung-Han , Lim Jae-hak , Kim Moo-Sub , Yoon Do-Kun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPelvic bone fracture is highly complex, and its anatomical reduction is difficult. Therefore, patient-specific customized plates have been developed using three-dimensional (3D) printing technology and are being increasingly used. In this study, the reduction status in five representative pelvic fracture models was compared between two groups: the 3D printing plate (3DP) group using a patient-specific 3D printed plate after virtual reduction and the conventional plate (CP) group using a conventional plate by manual bending. The 3DP and CP groups included 10 and 5 cases, respectively. The fractured models were reduced virtually and their non-locking metal plates were customized using 3D printing. The process of contouring the conventional plates to fit the contact surface of the bone with the bending tool was conducted by an experienced pelvic bone trauma surgeon. The reduction and fixation achieved using the two different plate groups was compared, and the significance of differences in the results was analyzed using paired t-tests, after verifying the normality of data distribution. The vertex distances between the surface of the bone and the contact surface of the plate were significantly lower in the 3DP group than in the CP group (0.407 ± 0.342 and 2.195 ± 1.643, respectively, P = 0.008). Length and angular variations, which are measurements of the reduction state, were also lower in the 3DP group than in the CP group (length variation: 3.211 ± 2.497 and 5.493 ± 3.609, respectively, P = 0.051; angular variation: 2.958 ± 1.977 and 4.352 ± 1.947, respectively, P = 0.037). The customized 3D printed plate in the virtual reduction model provided a highly accurate reduction of pelvic bone fractures, suggesting that the customized 3D printed plate may help ensure easy and accurate reduction.
Investigating the possibility of extending the BWR cycle length for 15 years of operation by mixing highly enriched UO2 fuel with burnable absorbers
Authors: Mustafa Sayed Saeed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the possibility to extend the cycle length of boiling water reactor bundles to 15 years of operation with three different burnable poisons; gadolinium, erbium, and boron carbide. This can be carried out by mixing highly enriched UO2 fuel (15–19.9% U-235) with high concentrations of Gadolinium oxide (3–14% Gd2O3) or Erbium oxide (2–4% Er2O3).The boron carbide B4C was modeled as (Al2O3-B4C) rods in the bundle guide tubes. MCNPX code 2.7 was used to evaluate infinite multiplication factor (K-inf), power distribution, peaking factor, void reactivity coefficient, fuel cycle length, depletion of U-235, and fissile inventory ratio for the three designs at 40% void. The MCNPX simulation showed that introducing gadolinium rods at the bundle periphery has the advantage of lowering reactivity swing throughout the exposure range. The uniform distribution of erbium in all fuel rods contributed to the flattening of peaking factor at all the burnup stages. For the B4C design, the author found that the assembly with B4C–Al performs best in terms of reactivity flattening when five of the B4C–AL2O3 rods are positioned in the central region of the assembly. Furthermore, the fuel temperature coefficient is more negative for gadolinium design at all burnup stages. On the other hand, the boron model delivers the lowest control rod worth. Finally, the moderator temperature coefficient is more negative for erbium and WABA designs due to the enhanced thermal neutrons capture by the effect of the strategic arrangement of WABA rods and the uniform distribution of erbium.
Downregulation of SODD mediates carnosol-induced reduction in cell proliferation in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells
Authors: Li Aihua , Cao Weibiao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEsophageal adenocarcinoma carries a poor prognosis associated with a 5-year survival rate of 12.5–20%. Therefore, a new therapeutic modality is needed for this lethal tumor. Carnosol is a phenolic diterpene purified from the herbs such as rosemary and Mountain desert sage and has been shown to have anticancer activities in multiple cancers. In this study we examined the effect of carnosol on cell proliferation in esophageal adenocarcinoma cells. We found that carnosol dose-dependently decreased cell proliferation in FLO-1 esophageal adenocarcinoma cells and significantly increased caspase-3 protein, indicating that carnosol decreases cell proliferation and increases cell apoptosis in FLO-1 cells. Carnosol significantly increased H2O2 production and N-acetyl cysteine, a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, significantly inhibited carnosol-induced decrease in cell proliferation, indicating that ROS may mediate carnosol-induced decrease in cell proliferation. Carnosol-induced decrease in cell proliferation was partially reversed by NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin, suggesting that NADPH oxidases may be partially involved in carnosol’s effect. In addition, carnosol significantly downregulated SODD protein and mRNA expression and knockdown of SODD significantly inhibited the carnosol-induced reduction in cell proliferation, suggesting that downregulation of SODD may contribute to carnosol-induced reduction in cell proliferation. We conclude that carnosol dose-dependently decreased cell proliferation and significantly increased caspase-3 protein. Carnosol’s effect may be through the overproduction of ROS and the downregulation of SODD. Carnosol might be useful for the treatment of esophageal adenocarcinoma.
Comprehensive analysis of angiogenesis pattern and related immune landscape for individual treatment in osteosarcoma
Authors: Liao Zhuangyao , Li Ming , Wen Guoming , Wang Kun , Yao Dengbo , Chen Enming , Liang Yuwei , Xing Tong , Su Kaihui , Liang Changchun , Che Zhen , Ning Qing , Tang Jun , Yan Wenbin , Li Yuxi , Huang Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPostoperative recurrence and metastasis are the main reasons for the poor prognosis of osteosarcoma (OS). Currently, an ideal predictor for not only prognosis but also drug sensitivity and immunotherapy responses in OS patients is urgently needed. Angiogenesis plays a crucial role in tumour progression, which suggests its immense potential for predicting prognosis and responses to immunotherapy for OS. Angiogenesis patterns in OS were explored in depth in this study to construct a prognostic model called ANGscore and clarify the underlying mechanism involved in the immune microenvironment. The efficacy and robustness of the model were validated in multiple datasets, including bulk RNA-seq datasets (TARGET-OS, GSE21257), a single-cell RNA-seq dataset (GSE152048) and immunotherapy-related datasets (GSE91061, GSE173839). OS patients with a high ANGscore had a worse prognosis, accompanied by the immune desert phenotype. Pseudotime and cellular communication analyses in scRNA-seq data revealed that as the ANGscore increased, the malignant degree of cells increased, and IFN-γ signalling was involved in tumour progression and regulation of the tumour immune microenvironment. Furthermore, the ANGscore was associated with immune cell infiltration and the response rate to immunotherapy. OS patients with high ANGscore might be resistant to uprosertib, and be sensitive to VE821, AZD6738 and BMS.345541. In conclusion, we established a novel ANGscore system by comprehensively analysing the expression pattern of angiogenesis genes, which can accurately differentiate the prognosis and immune characteristics of OS populations. Additionally, the ANGscore can be used for patient stratification during immunotherapy, and guide individualized treatment strategies.
Spatially differentiated nitrogen supply is key in a global food–fertilizer price crisis
Authors: Snapp Sieglinde , Sapkota Tek Bahadur , Chamberlin Jordan , Cox Cindy Marie , Gameda Samuel , Jat Mangi Lal , Marenya Paswel , Mottaleb Khondoker Abdul , Negra Christine , Senthilkumar Kalimuthu , Sida Tesfaye Shiferaw , Singh Upendra , Stewart Zachary P. , Tesfaye Kindie , Govaerts Bram 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA regional geopolitical conflict and sudden massive supply disruptions have revealed vulnerabilities in our global fuel–fertilizer–food nexus. As nitrogen (N) fertilizer price spikes threaten food security, differentiated responses are required to maintain staple cereal yields across over- and underfertilized agricultural systems. Through integrated management of organic and inorganic N sources in high- to low-input cereal production systems, we estimate potential total N-fertilizer savings of 11% in India, 49% in Ethiopia and 44% in Malawi. Shifting to more cost-effective, high-N fertilizer (such as urea), combined with compost and integration of legumes, can optimize N in N-deficient systems. Better targeted and more efficient N-fertilizer use will benefit systems with surplus N. Geospatially differentiated fertilization strategies should prioritize high-N fertilizer supply to low-yield, N-deficient locations and balanced fertilization of N, P, K and micronutrients in high-yield systems. Nationally, governments can invest in extension and realign subsidies to enable and incentivize improved N management at the farm level.
A human proteogenomic-cellular framework identifies KIF5A as a modulator of astrocyte process integrity with relevance to ALS
Authors: Szebényi Kornélia , Barrio-Hernandez Inigo , Gibbons George M. , Biasetti Luca , Troakes Claire , Beltrao Pedro , Lakatos András 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGenome-wide association studies identified several disease-causing mutations in neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the contribution of genetic variants to pathway disturbances and their cell type-specific variations, especially in glia, is poorly understood. We integrated ALS GWAS-linked gene networks with human astrocyte-specific multi-omics datasets to elucidate pathognomonic signatures. It predicts that KIF5A, a motor protein kinesin-1 heavy-chain isoform, previously detected only in neurons, can also potentiate disease pathways in astrocytes. Using postmortem tissue and super-resolution structured illumination microscopy in cell-based perturbation platforms, we provide evidence that KIF5A is present in astrocyte processes and its deficiency disrupts structural integrity and mitochondrial transport. We show that this may underly cytoskeletal and trafficking changes in SOD1 ALS astrocytes characterised by low KIF5A levels, which can be rescued by c-Jun N-terminal Kinase-1 (JNK1), a kinesin transport regulator. Altogether, our pipeline reveals a mechanism controlling astrocyte process integrity, a pre-requisite for synapse maintenance and suggests a targetable loss-of-function in ALS.
Interplay between alkali-metal cations and silanol sites in nanosized CHA zeolite and implications for CO2 adsorption
Authors: Ghojavand Sajjad , Dib Eddy , Rey Jérôme , Daouli Ayoub , Clatworthy Edwin B. , Bazin Philippe , Ruaux Valérie , Badawi Michael , Mintova Svetlana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSilanols are key players in the application performance of zeolites, yet, their localization and hydrogen bonding strength need more studies. The effects of post-synthetic ion exchange on nanosized chabazite (CHA), focusing on the formation of silanols, were studied. The significant alteration of the silanols of the chabazite nanozeolite upon ion exchange and their effect on the CO2 adsorption capacity was revealed by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Both theoretical and experimental results revealed changing the ratio of extra-framework cations in CHA zeolites changes the population of silanols; decreasing the Cs+/K+ ratio creates more silanols. Upon adsorption of CO2, the distribution and strength of the silanols also changed with increased hydrogen bonding, thus revealing an interaction of silanols with CO2 molecules. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evidence of the interplay between alkali-metal cations and silanols in nanosized CHA.
Unveiling the properties of liquids via photothermal-induced diffraction patterns
Authors: Domínguez-Juárez Jorge L. , Quintero-Torres Rafael , Cardoso-Duarte Manuel A. , Quiroz-Juárez Mario A. , Aragón Jose L. , Villatoro Joel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe interaction of a laser with a liquid can cause temperature changes in the liquid from which some properties of the latter can be indirectly obtained. However, from just temperature changes, a sample cannot be identified. Here, we report on the interaction of tightly focused femtosecond infrared light into secondary hydrogen-bonded liquids like water, organic compounds, and binary mixtures. Such interaction induces a local change in the sample’s index of refraction. The latter alters the wavefront of a white-light probe beam, giving rise to unique diffraction patterns that can be observed in the far field. The specific diffraction patterns may be considered as the optical signatures or fingerprints of the liquids studied. The technique proposed here is noninvasive and simple to implement with commercially available supercontinuum sources and digital cameras. Thus, it may be useful for the development of compact thermal lens spectroscopic instruments for a number of practical applications.
Relative benefits of allocating land to bioenergy crops and forests vary by region
Authors: Melnikova Irina , Ciais Philippe , Tanaka Katsumasa , Vuichard Nicolas , Boucher Olivier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCarbon dioxide removal is essential for achieving the Paris Agreement targets. Here we compare bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and afforestation and reforestation in terms of their carbon removal potentials and impacts on carbon cycle and surface climate under an overshoot pathway using Earth System Model simulations. Althought initially BECCS can remove more carbon in allocated areas, carbon dioxide emissions from land use change regionally offset the benefits of BECCS compared to afforestation, depending on the carbon capture and storage efficiency and timescales required to achieve mitigation targets. Furthermore, BECCS may cause local cooling in high- and mid-latitude subregions of the Northern Hemisphere dominated by albedo effects, while afforestation causes local cooling in subtropical and tropical subregions through non-radiative mechanisms. The decision to allocate land to bioenergy crops or forests should account for their respective carbon removal potentials, modulated by carbon-concentration and carbon-climate feedbacks, and the effects on climate.
High-resolution simulations of LS 5039
Authors: Kissmann R. , Huber D. , Gschwandtner P. 
Published: June 2023

Context. We present an analysis of our high-resolution relativistic hydrodynamics model of the stellar- and pulsar-wind interactions in the LS-5039 system.
Aims. With our high-resolution simulation covering three orbital periods, we analyse the impact of turbulence with a particular focus on short-term and orbit-to-orbit variations.
Methods. Our model uses a relativistic hydrodynamical description of the wind interaction in the LS-5039 system, assuming a pulsar wind-driven scenario. The corresponding system of equations was solved using the finite-volume code CRONOS. We computed the statistical quantities, which are also relevant for particle acceleration in this system, from the results of multiple consecutive timesteps.
Results. In our simulation, we find that the previously observed shock structures related to the wind-collision region (WCR), including the pulsar-wind termination, are dynamically influenced by orbital motion. From our high-resolution simulation, we find high turbulence levels following from instabilities driven at the WCR. These instabilities lead to strong fluctuations of several dynamical quantities, especially around and after apastron. These fluctuations are expected to impact the particle transport and especially the related emission of non-thermal radiation. As an important example, the region for which gamma-ray emission has been found to be boosted due to relativistic beaming (in previous studies) shows strong variations in size both on short and orbital timescales.
Conclusions. Using a large computational domain together with a high spatial resolution allowed us to carry out a detailed study of fluctuations in stellar- and pulsar-wind interactions. The results indicate a possible influence on the non-thermal emission from this system, which will be analysed with dedicated simulations in a forthcoming publication.
Influence of Garlic on the Glycemic Control and Lipid Profile in Animals with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shojaei-Zarghani Sara , Najafi Nastaran , Fattahi Mohammad Reza , Safarpour Ali Reza 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the hepatic sign of metabolic syndrome. Here, we aimed to assess the effects of garlic and its major components on fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, and lipid profile levels in animal models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. A systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web of Science was performed. After the screening process and data extraction, the pooled effect sizes were estimated using a random-effect model and stated as standardized mean differences and a 95% confidence interval. Out of 839 reports, 22 articles were included in the present study. The pooled results revealed that garlic and its components significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose (standardized mean difference: − 0.77, 95% confidence interval: − 1.42 to − 0.12, I2 : 58.85%), fasting insulin (standardized mean difference: − 1.88, 95% confidence interval: − 3.07 to − 0.69, I2 : 70.42%), serum triglyceride (standardized mean difference: − 1.01, 95% confidence interval: − 1.43 to − 0.59, I2 : 61.41%), cholesterol (standardized mean difference: − 1.00, 95% confidence interval: − 1.39 to − 0.60, I2 : 52.12%), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (standardized mean difference: − 0.98, 95% CI: − 1.63 to − 0.32, I2 : 71.58%) and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (standardized mean difference: 1.05, 95% confidence interval: 0.52 to 1.58, I2 : 59.39%) levels. The type of animal, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induction model, kind and duration of intervention, study model, and risk of bias were detected as possible sources of heterogeneity across studies. We conclude that garlic and its major components have a favorable impact on glycemic control and lipid profile in diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease animal models.
Carbene-Catalyzed Regioselective Addition of Oxindoles to Ynals for Quick Access to Allenes
Authors: Li Tingting , Sun Cuiyun , Nong Yingling , Pang Chen , Zhang Sheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA catalytic regioselective addition reaction of oxindoles with ynals is developed. Allene-containing derivatives bearing various substituents and substitution patterns are afforded as the products in generally moderate to good yields with moderate diastereoselectivities. Several of allenes obtained from this protocol are valuable in the development of novel bactericides for plant protection.
A bridging model of a water-triggered shape-memory effect in an amorphous polymer undergoing multiple glass transitions
Authors: Shi Jiabin , Lu Haibao , Fu Yong-Qing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Hydrothermally-driven shape memory polymers (SMPs) have been extensively studied due to their advantage of having multiple response capabilities. In these SMPs,bound water reduces their glass transition temperatures (T
g) by plasticizing the soft segments to achieve a water-triggered shape-memory effect (SME). However, the effect of bound water on hard segments, which has a synergistic effect on the T
g and water-triggered SME of the soft ones, remains largely unexplored. In this study, we propose a new model to explore the working principles and hydrothermally-driven shape memory behaviors of amorphous SMPs. The bound water molecules are first divided into bridging and non-bridging bound water, and then a bridging effect is proposed to convert hard segments into soft ones, thus affecting the T
g and water-triggered shape memory behavior in SMPs. An extended Gordon–Taylor model is formulated to identify the effects of bound water weight fraction and T
g. Furthermore, a constitutive relationship between strain and relaxation time has been developed to describe the effects of temperature and bound water weight fraction on the hydrothermally-driven shape memory behaviors. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed models is verified using the experimental results of amorphous SMPs reported in the literature.
Visual cue-aided human supervised robot navigation guidance in photometrically challenging environments using adaptive spatial-feature kernel-guided bilateral LPP
Authors: Ghosh Saibal , Chatterjee Amitava , Munshi Sugata 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The objective of an effective human-robot collaborative (HRC) task is the maximization of human-robot competencies while ensuring the user’s convenience. In photometrically challenging and unstructured HRC environments, data obtained from vision sensors often tend to get degraded due to illumination irregularities and spatio-temporal complexities. To extract useful and discriminative features from the data under such situations, locality-sensitive methods like locality preserving projections (LPPs) become quite useful as it captures the local geometric structure of the high-dimensional data. In LPP, the local structural information is encoded in the form of weight values between two samples in the higher-dimensional Euclidean space. The weight values are learned in a regular and continuous manner which only depends on the spatial distribution of the data. Moreover, because of its weight dependency solely on the Euclidean distance, improper weight values can occur frequently, as the Euclidean distance is susceptible to noise, outliers, and different types of geometrical transformations. This paper proposes an adaptive weight learning method to be utilized in the weight computation of LPP, which allows it to adaptively select and extract more discriminative features from the higher-dimensional input data while preserving the intrinsic structural information of the data. Additionally, to alleviate the issues with spatial dependency, the concept of bilateral filtering that incorporates the range weights from the feature space along with the similarity weight in the Euclidean space has been utilized here. This paper proposes an augmented version of adaptive spatial-feature kernel-guided bilateral filtering inspired LPP which addresses two of these basic and fundamental issues of the conventional LPP.
Spin pumping into a partially compensated antiferromagnetic/paramagnetic insulator
Authors: Buchner M , Lenz K , Ney V , Lindner J , Ney A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Spin pumping from a metallic ferromagnet (FM) into an insulating antiferromagnet has been studied across the magnetic phase transition by means of temperature-dependent, broad-band ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) experiments. A set of spin pumping heterostructures consisting of Permalloy (Ni80Fe20) as FM and Zn

1
−
x

Co
x
O with

x
=
0.3
,
0.5

and 0.6 (Co:ZnO) as partially compensated antiferromagnetic insulator has been used for which previous experiments have already pointed out the possibility of the existence of spin-pumping. The present experiments allow to reliably separate the various contributions of the temperature-dependent Gilbert damping parameter to the FMR line-width. A careful analysis of the obtained data demonstrates a significant increase of the temperature-dependence of the Gilbert damping parameter

α
(
T
)

around the magnetic phase transition of Co:ZnO which extends up to room temperature, confirming spin pumping into the fluctuating spin sink of an antiferromagnetic/paramagnetic insulator.