bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Communicating science in the COVID-19 news in the UK during Omicron waves: exploring representations of nature of science with epistemic network analysis
Authors: Cheung Kason Ka Ching , Chan Ho-Yin , Erduran Sibel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNews media plays a vital role in communicating scientific evidence to the public during the COVID-19 pandemic. Such communication is important for convincing the public to follow social distancing guidelines and to respond to health campaigns such as vaccination programmes. However, newspapers were criticised that they focus on the socio-political perspective of science, without explaining the nature of scientific works behind the government’s decisions. This paper examines the connections of the nature of science categories in the COVID-19 era by four local newspapers in the United Kingdom between November 2021 to February 2022. Nature of science refers to different aspects of how science works such as aims, values, methods and social institutions of science. Considering the news media may mediate public information and perception of scientific stories, it is relevant to ask how the various British newspapers covered aspects of science during the pandemic. In the period explored, Omicron variant was initially a variant of concern, and an increasing number of scientific evidence showed that the less severity of this variant might move the country from pandemic to endemic. We explored how news articles communicate public health information by addressing how science works during the period when Omicron variants surge. A novel discourse analysis approach, epistemic network analysis is used to characterise the frequency of connections of categories of the nature of science. The connection between political factors and the professional activities of scientists, as well as that with scientific practices are more apparent in left-populated and centralist outlets than in right-populated news outlets. Among four news outlets across the political spectrum, a left-populated newspaper, the Guardian, is not consistent in representing relations of different aspects of the nature of scientific works across different stages of the public health crisis. Inconsistency of addressing aspects of scientific works and a downplay of the cognitive-epistemic nature of scientific works likely lead to failure in trust and consumption of scientific knowledge by the public in the healthcare crisis.
Spatial association network of economic resilience and its influencing factors: evidence from 31 Chinese provinces
Authors: Wang Huiping , Ge Qi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe spatial correlation pattern of economic resilience is an important proposition for China’s sustainable economic development. This paper measures the economic resilience of 31 provinces in China from 2012 to 2020, and explores the spatial correlation of economic resilience from the overall, group and individual perspectives and its influencing factors. The results show that first, a tightly ordered hierarchy of economic resilience formed in each province of China after 2016. Among them, Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangdong, Hubei, and Shaanxi are the most important clustering points and radiation centers in the spatial correlation framework of economic resilience. Second, being adjacent to marginal and core provinces will maintain the province’s centrality index category to the greatest extent, while being adjacent to sub-core and general provinces leads the province to gain more opportunities for upward transfer. Third, the essence of the interprovincial economic resilience subordination linkage in China is manifested in the aggregation of city clusters or economic circles. The northern economic resilience linkage system with the Bohai Rim as the core contains more provinces but is less stable. Provinces located in the Yangtze River Delta region are the opposite. Fourth, the proximity of geographical location and the difference in human capital level drive the formation of spatial association networks, while the difference in external openness and the difference in physical capital inhibit the formation of networks.
The diachronic development of Debussy’s musical style: a corpus study with Discrete Fourier Transform
Authors: Laneve Sabrina , Schaerf Ludovica , Cecchetti Gabriele , Hentschel Johannes , Rohrmeier Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClaude Debussy’s personal style is typically characterised as a departure from earlier diatonic tonality, including a greater variety of pitch-class materials organised in fragmented yet coherent compositions. Exploiting the music-theoretical interpretability of Discrete Fourier Transforms over pitch-class distributions, we performed a corpus study over Debussy’s solo-piano works in order to investigate the diachronic development of such stylistic features across the composer’s lifespan. We propose quantitative heuristics for the prevalence of different pitch-class prototypes, the fragmentation of a piece across different prototypes, as well as some aspect of the overall coherence of a piece. We found strong evidence for a decrease of diatonicity in favour of octatonicity, as well as for an increase of fragmentation accompanied by non-decreasing coherence. These results contribute to the understanding of the historical development of extended-tonal harmony, while representing a fertile testing ground for the interaction of computational corpus-based methods with traditional music analytical approaches.
A new hybrid technique based on nonpolynomial splines and finite differences for solving the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation
Authors: Mahmood Bewar A. , Jwamer Karwan H. F. , Tahir Shko A. 
Published: June 2023

The generalized Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation arises frequently in engineering, physics, biology, chemistry, and applied mathematics, and because of its extensive applications, this important model has received much attention regarding obtaining numerical solutions. This article introduces a new hybrid technique based on nonpolynomial splines and finite differences for solving the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equation approximately. Specifically, the truncation error is studied to examine the convergence order of the proposed scheme, some problems are given to show its viability and effectiveness, and the norm errors are determined to compare the current method with the analytic solution and some other methods from the literature.
Robust regulation of transcription pausing in
Escherichia coli
by the ubiquitous elongation factor NusG
Authors: Yakhnin Alexander V. , Bubunenko Mikhail , Mandell Zachary F. , Lubkowska Lucyna , Husher Sara , Babitzke Paul , Kashlev Mikhail 
Published: June 2023

Transcription elongation by multi-subunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs) is regulated by auxiliary factors in all organisms. NusG/Spt5 is the only universally conserved transcription elongation factor shared by all domains of life. NusG is a component of antitermination complexes controlling ribosomal RNA operons, an essential antipausing factor, and a transcription-translation coupling factor in
Escherichia coli
. We employed RNET-seq for genome-wide mapping of RNAP pause sites in wild-type and NusG-depleted cells. We demonstrate that NusG is a major antipausing factor that suppresses thousands of backtracked and nonbacktracked pauses across the
E. coli
genome. The NusG-suppressed pauses were enriched immediately downstream from the translation start codon but were also abundant elsewhere in open reading frames, small RNA genes, and antisense transcription units. This finding revealed a strong similarity of NusG to Spt5, which stimulates the elongation rate of many eukaryotic genes. We propose a model in which promoting forward translocation and/or stabilization of RNAP in the posttranslocation register by NusG results in suppression of pausing in
E. coli
.
Pressure-induced nonmonotonic cross-over of steady relaxation dynamics in a metallic glass
Authors: Zhang Xin , Lou Hongbo , Ruta Beatrice , Chushkin Yuriy , Zontone Federico , Li Shubin , Xu Dazhe , Liang Tao , Zeng Zhidan , Mao Ho-kwang , Zeng Qiaoshi 
Published: June 2023

Relaxation dynamics, as a key to understand glass formation and glassy properties, remains an elusive and challenging issue in condensed matter physics. In this work, in situ high-pressure synchrotron high-energy X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy has been developed to probe the atomic-scale relaxation dynamics of a cerium-based metallic glass during compression. Although the sample density continuously increases, the collective atomic motion initially slows down as generally expected and then counterintuitively accelerates with further compression (density increase), showing an unusual nonmonotonic pressure-induced steady relaxation dynamics cross-over at ~3 GPa. Furthermore, by combining in situ high-pressure synchrotron X-ray diffraction, the relaxation dynamics anomaly is evidenced to closely correlate with the dramatic changes in local atomic structures during compression, rather than monotonically scaling with either sample density or overall stress level. These findings could provide insight into relaxation dynamics and their relationship with local atomic structures of glasses.
The
Drosophila
chemokine–like Orion bridges phosphatidylserine and Draper in phagocytosis of neurons
Authors: Ji Hui , Wang Bei , Shen Yifan , Labib David , Lei Joyce , Chen Xinchen , Sapar Maria , Boulanger Ana , Dura Jean-Maurice , Han Chun 
Published: June 2023

Phagocytic clearance of degenerating neurons is triggered by “eat-me” signals exposed on the neuronal surface. The conserved neuronal eat-me signal phosphatidylserine (PS) and the engulfment receptor Draper (Drpr) mediate phagocytosis of degenerating neurons in
Drosophila
. However, how PS is recognized by Drpr-expressing phagocytes in vivo remains poorly understood. Using multiple models of dendrite degeneration, we show that the
Drosophila
chemokine–like protein Orion can bind to PS and is responsible for detecting PS exposure on neurons; it is supplied cell-non-autonomously to coat PS-exposing dendrites and to mediate interactions between PS and Drpr, thus enabling phagocytosis. As a result, the accumulation of Orion on neurons and on phagocytes produces opposite outcomes by potentiating and suppressing phagocytosis, respectively. Moreover, the Orion dosage is a key determinant of the sensitivity of phagocytes to PS exposed on neurons. Lastly, mutagenesis analyses show that the sequence motifs shared between Orion and human immunomodulatory proteins are important for Orion function. Thus, our results uncover a missing link in PS-mediated phagocytosis in
Drosophila
and imply conserved mechanisms of phagocytosis of neurons.
Who gets the blame and who gets the credit? Policing, assistance, and political trust among the Roma in Europe
Authors: Mitchell Jeffrey , La Parra-Casado Daniel 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
In many European countries the Roma are the largest minority group, and research often highlights their heightened exposure to discrimination, harassment, and even abuse during interactions with the state, and the majority group. In contrast, many governments have assistance programs targeted to the Roma in an effort to boost integration. However, there is strikingly little systematic quantitative research on how these experiences are related to the trust that the Roma place in political institutions. This study addresses this gap by using EU-MIDIS II data from 9 European countries to assess the relationship between political trust and the experiences the Roma have with the police and assistance programs. Our analyses show that different experiences relate to trust in institutions differently: interactions with the police, either by being stopped or assaulted are most strongly associated with lower trust in the police but also reduce trust across institutions. In contrast, local governments may have the most to gain from those who report having received assistance based on their minority membership, with other institutions receiving modest trust benefits. Finally, both overall personal experiences of discrimination and the perceived extent of discrimination in their country are associated with low levels of trust in the institutions.
Fermentation quality of ratoon rice fermented with fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria from tropicalgrass
Authors: Yanti Y , Hadi R F , Riyanto J , Pawestri W 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to determine the quality of fermented ratoon paddy silage as ruminant feed. The paddy material was obtained from rice fields in the Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia. Turiang padi (Oryza sativa) at the cutting age of 14 days, with the Inpari 32 variety. The addition of an accelerator of Lactic Acid Bacteria or FJLB (fermented juice of epiphityc lactic acid bacteria) from Elephant Grass Extract (Pennisetum purpureum) and Odot Grass (Pennisetum purpureum CV. Mott) were incubated for 2 days. This research was conducted experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 replications for each treatment. The treatments consisted of no additives (T1), FJLB additives from elephant grass (T2) and odot grass (T3). FJLB was added as much as 1% of fresh weight. Silage fermentation was carried out for 21 days at room temperature. All data obtained were analyzed using the R Studio program. The Flieg point value showed the silage quality in the good and very good range. Butyric acid production is low and still within standard limits. The production of lactic acid was higher (P<0.05) in the silage of paddy ratoon which received additional silage additive from FJLB. It could be concluded that the addition of FJLB was able to improve the quality of the fermented ratoon rice.
Effect of jamblang leaf in drinking water on physical quality, lactic acid bacteria population and intestinal villi histology of broiler chickens
Authors: Allaily  , Wajizah Sitti , Wahyudi Indra , Ilham  , Hidayat Taufik , Samadi  
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This research was conducted aiming to find alternative antibiotics using local plants that are rich in antioxidants. The antioxidant content in plants is used as a feed additive and as an alternative to antibiotics, so that livestock products are safe from antibiotic residues. Jamblang leaf is one of the potential typical plants in Aceh which is expected to be used as an alternative to antibiotics in broiler cultivation. The study used 4 treatments of jamblang extract given into drinking water. P0 used drinking water without jamblang extract, P1 used 0.25 g/L drinking water, P2 used 0.5 g/L drinking water, P3 used 1 g/L drinking water. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and each treatment was repeated 3 times with a total of 5 chickens per replication. The parameters measured were the physical quality of the intestinal villi (height of the intestinal villi, lumen thickness and number of glands), the population of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the digestive tract, and the histological condition of the intestinal villi of broiler chickens. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the physical quality of the intestinal villi, but the treatment significantly (P<0.05) decreased the LAB population in the P2 treatment. The condition of the intestinal villi due to the treatment still stood upright compared to the control. In conclusion, jamblang extract given into drinking water has not been able to improve the physical appearance of the intestinal villi and tends to reduce the LAB population in the intestinal tract.
Physical quality of vegetable tannery of tilapia leather during storage
Authors: Jhouhanggir D I P , Pertiwingrum A , Pastawan V 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Tilapia leather will be stored for several months to be used as production stock. This research was carried out by a vegetable tannery of tilapia leather that was stored for various times at room temperature. The vegetable tanning materials used are mimosa and syntan. This research aims to determine the effect of various storage times on the physical quality of vegetable tannery of tilapia leather. Storage variations of 0, 3 and 6 months were used in this research. The parameter of tensile strength, elongation and shrinkage temperature as physical quality was observed in triplicates. Based on the results, tensile strength and leather elongation were significantly affected, while the shrinkage temperature was not significantly affected. In conclusion, the variations of storage time caused the decreasing vegetable tannery of tilapia leather quality that can be used for reference about the length of storage time that can still be tolerated to maintain the quality of vegetable tannery of tilapia leather as the leather product commercial.
Quality and organoleptic test of beef nuggets with tempeh flour substitution
Authors: Abubakar A , Frima C A , Silvia V , Fitri C A , Hanum Z , Mariana E 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Nugget is one of the processed meat products made from meat, adhesives, spices and ice cubes. Processing meat into nuggets is one way to extend the shelf life of meat, to save the nutritional value and taste of meat because the nutrients in meat are generally easily damaged during storage and distribution. Making nuggets with tempeh flour substitution aims to determine the effect of tempeh flour substitution on water holding capacity, fat content, protein content and organoleptic in beef nuggets and the resulting nuggets are expected to improve the quality and quality of processed beef and tempeh flour products. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments, each treatment consisting of four replications so that 20 experimental units were obtained. The treatments were P0 (0% tempeh flour, 100% beef), P1 (10% tempeh flour, 90% beef), P2 (20% tempeh flour, 80% beef), P3 (30% tempeh flour, 70% beef), P4 (40% tempeh flour, 60% beef). Parameters measured include water holding capacity, fat content, protein quality and organoleptic. The results showed that substitution of tempeh flour in beef nuggets had a significant effect (P<0.05) on water holding capacity, while it had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on fat content and protein quality. Furthermore, giving tempeh flour to levels of 30% and 40% can reduce the organoleptic taste, texture, aroma, color and preference of beef nuggets. Therefore, the substitution of tempeh flour meets the Indonesian National Standard (INS). Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that substitution of tempeh flour with different percentages in beef nuggets increased the fat content, protein quality, and water holding capacity of the resulting nuggets.
Study of sewage wells’ contamination with intestinal bacteria in the city of Misurata, Libya
Authors: Drah M M , Lahmer R A , Yunita D 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGroundwater pollution, and the same pollution with sewage water resulting from improperdisposal by correct scientific methods, is one of the most dangerous environmental disastersthat affect humans in particular and the environment in general, as groundwater is considered one of the most important water resources, especially in the dry and semi-arid surface areas. Study of the contamination of groundwater wells withE. colibacteria in a number of ground wells, 70 wells in one of the regions in the city of Misurata. Samples were collected and measured TDS and grown on a special medium compact dry and incubated for 24 hours at 37 C and another 24 hours at a temperature of 44 C. The results showed that 27 wells (38.5%) out of 70 wells were contaminated withE. colibacteria, andthis is an indication of the risk of spreading contamination with colon bacteria compared tothe sample size. From the foregoing, the study concluded that the high rate of contamination of well water with coliform bacteria is due to the lack of a system to treat black water and dispose of it in a random manner.
Effect of dose of NPK fertilizer on attack intensity of Leptocorisa acuta and lowland rice production
Authors: Pramayudi N , Zurrahmah U , Sapdi  
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Rice is a strategic commodity for Indonesia. NPK fertilizer is a compound fertilizer with fast absorption, accelerates flowering, fruiting, flowering process and stimulates shoot growth. The pest that often attacks rice is Leptocorisa acuta which sucks the grain in the ripening phase and sucks the grain until it is empty or filling is not full, resulting in a decrease in production. This study used a non-factorial Randomized Block Design with 8 replications and 3 treatments of NPK fertilizer doses which included NPK P1 fertilizer: 100 kg/ha; P2: 200 kg/ha NPK fertilizer and P3: 300 kg/ha NPK fertilizer. The results showed that the application of several doses of NPK fertilizer had no significant effect on the intensity of L. acuta attack due to an increase in population. The highest population of L. acuta was found in the application of 100 kg/ha NPK fertilizer with an average of 17.50 individuals. The increase in new individuals is influenced by the availability of feed and pest control is not carried out. The application of several doses of NPK fertilizer did not significantly affect rice production, due to the high intensity of L. acuta attack which caused a decrease in rice production.
Farmers coping strategies to climate change in sustainable Arabica coffee production
Authors: Karim A , Syakur S , Hifnalisa H 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Geographical Indications of Gayo Arabica coffee is currently faced with various challenges, including climate change, causing stagnation and, eventually, a decline in productivity. This research aims to determine the strategies adopted by farmers in dealing with climate change, to increase and maintain Gayo coffee productivity. The research was conducted in the Gayo Highlands, particularly in Aceh Tengah, Bener Meriah, and Gayo Lues districts, in three stages, including; (1) a study of the Gayo coffee GI area, (2) climate change study, and (3) a study of farmers’ strategies for dealing with climate change, using field observation surveys and interviews with farmers. The results reveal that the GI of Gayo arabica coffee has been mapped since its designation in 2010. Additionally, both rainfall and temperature have changed since the 1980s, and climate change (particularly temperature) has resulted in habitat shifting for the cultivation of arabica coffee clones, coffee berry borer infestations, and a decrease in coffee productivity. Farmers in the Gayo Arabica coffee GI area address climate change by implementing a strategy to create a microclimate through adaptation and mitigation. These include efforts to adapt coffee clones to their growing habitat, creating a microclimate by planting coffee and denser shade, covering the soil surface to minimize evaporation, and reducing the concentration of carbon dioxide gas and greenhouse gas emissions in the air by using locally sourced organic matter as fertilizer.