bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oferta laboral y producto: 1970-1 999
Authors: Garavito Cecilia 
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es explorar los cambios en la fuerza laboral ante variaciones del producto, tanto para el caso de cambios en el volumen de la fuerza laboral como para cambios en la tasa global de actividad. Sobre la base de un análisis de series de tiempo encontramos que la fuerza laboral limeña tiene un comportamiento básicamente procíclico, lo cual lleva a que su volumen se incremente en el auge, determinando una menor efectividad de las políticas de generación de empleo. Esto determina una relativa estabilidad de la tasa de desempleo que está también asociada a la existencia de un sector de autoempleo, el cual absorbe los excedentes de fuerza laboral del sector moderno. Adicionalmente, encontramos que la sensibilidad de la fuerza laboral femenina con respecto de los cambios en el producto es mayor que el agregado, resultado esperado dado que la mayoría mujeres no son jefas de hogar y constituyen fuerza laboral secundaria en el contexto familiar. Finalmente, encontramos que la respuesta de la fuerza laboral ante cambios en el producto es menor en el agregado a partir de la década del 90, a pesar de que la sensibilidad en la participación laboral femenina es mayor en dicho período. Este resultado está asociado con una caída y una menor variabilidad en la participación laboral de los varones.---The objective of this article is to explore the changes in the labor force due to variations of the product, both for changes in the volume of labor force and for changes in the global rate of activity. By means of a time series analysis we find that the labor force in Lima has a basically procyclical behavior, which leads to an increase in its volume when product rices, hindering employment generating policies' effectiveness. This determines a relative stability of the unemployment rate, which is also associated to the existence of a self-employment sector, which absorbs the excesses of labor force of the modern sector. Additionally we find that the sensitivity of women labor force with respect to changes in product is greater than the aggregate, awaited result since most women are not household heads, and constitute secondary labor force in the farnily. Finally, we find that the sensitivity of labor force to changes in product is smaller in the aggregate during the 90's, even though sensitivity in women labor force participation is greater during this period. This result is associated with the fall and smaller variability in the men labor force participation in the same decade.
La yuxtaposición de sistemas en América Latina y sus consecuencias
Authors: Noejovich Héctor Omar 
Published: March 2023

Este ensayo apunta a establecer nuevas hipótesis sobre el problema del desarrollo latinoamericano; el análisis está enfocado desde el encuentro de dos mundos hasta el presente. La principal y general hipótesis es el acoplamiento del sistema precolombino con el sistema europeo, que conformó el llamado sistema colonial. Este sistema colonial está definido como la yuxtaposición de sistemas, el mismo que ha recibido la influencia occidental como una suerte de shock externo, pero manteniendo un sistema híbrido en donde la dinámica inercial ha sido su rasgo principal y no una dinámica dialéctica. El complejo proceso histórico es explicado desde este punto de vista.
Tres conceptos de escasez
Authors: Iguíñiz Echeverría Javier 
Published: March 2023

Nuestra propuesta es distinguir entre tres tipos de escasez: la absoluta, la relativa y la comparativa. De esta manera asociamos la escasez a los tres aspectos o procesos de la economía: la producción, el intercambio y la distribución. A lo largo del siglo XX, en la teoría económica, el concepto de escasez ha sido tan central como unilateral pues solo ha sido tratado en relación al segundo de los aspectos.
Ciclo crediticio y acelerador cambiario: evidencia empírica y consecuencias para la regulación prudencial
Authors: Jiménez Sotelo Renzo 
Published: March 2023

En este trabajo se pone en evidencia el mecanismo amplificador que tiene la evolución del tipo de cambio sobre el ciclo crediticio en una economía con alta dolarización financiera, un mecanismo que se puede denominar «acelerador cambiario». En este contexto, la natural prociclicidad entre el ciclo económico y el ciclo crediticio pasa a un segundo plano, si es que no se desvanece. El documento desarrolla el marco teórico que sustenta el mecanismo de transmisión y muestra algunos hechos estilizados del sistema crediticio peruano. A continuación se plantea un modelo econométrico con datos de panel para estimar el efecto del acelerador cambiario sobre la evolución de la mora crediticia en las entidades del sistema. A partir de estos resultados empíricos, y bajo la filosofía de Basilea II, se discute la forma de implementar, en los bancos y demás entidades de crédito, una regulación prudencial que requiera la asignación de provisiones y de capital para el riesgo crediticio derivado del riesgo cambiario originado por los créditos en moneda extranjera. La idea básica es promover la internalización de las externalidades producidas por este factor de riesgo no diversificable.
Creación y destrucción de empleos en el sector manufacturero del Perú: 2002-2007
Authors: Tello Mario D. 
Published: March 2023

Mediante una serie de factores productivos de una muestra de empresas manufactureras formales peruanas que crearon y destruyeron empleo en el periodo 2002-2007, este trabajo estima la ecuación de demanda condicional de mano de obra en sus tres interpretaciones. Los resultados de estas estimaciones señalan que la creación y destrucción de empleos estuvieron asociadas a los cambios positivos y negativos, respectivamente, de la producción. Sin embargo, los cambios porcentuales del empleo fueron en general de menor magnitud que los respectivos de la producción.De otro lado, el nivel y la creación de empleo se incrementan con un mayor grado de procesamiento de los productos elaborados por las firmas manufactureras. El tamaño de las empresas y la intensidad de uso del capital relativo a la mano de obra inciden también, aunque con menor grado de fortaleza estadística, sobre las variaciones del empleo.
Decisiones de inserción laboral: el caso de los jóvenes rurales peruanos
Authors: Boyd Chris 
Published: March 2023

Este documento identifica los determinantes de la inserción laboral para los jóvenes rurales de 15 a 29 años a partir de la Encuesta Nacional de la Juventud (Enajuv, 2011), la primera encuesta representativa de los jóvenes rurales peruanos. Esta encuesta evidencia que el desempleo rural es la mitad del desempleo urbano y las tasas de actividad son mayores para los jóvenes rurales, pero el patrón es diferente para las mujeres jóvenes rurales, de las cuales solo el 62,1% ofrece mano de obra al mercado. Los resultados, a partir de un modelo logit, muestran que la decisión de insertarse en el mercado laboral se encuentra muy ligada a la decisión de estudiar y a la realización de trabajo familiar no remunerado (TFNR). Sin embargo, los altos porcentajes de jóvenes que realizan TFNR (39% para los varones, 42% para las mujeres) parecen mostrar que la decisión de inserción laboral es tomada a nivel del hogar y no individualmente.
Efectos de los compromisos de responsabilidad social empresarial (RSE) de las empresas multinacionales en el mercado de trabajo peruano: la experiencia de Topy Top
Authors: Sanguineti Raymond Wilfredo , García Landaburu María Katia , Vivas Ponce Milagros 
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo estudia la incidencia que son capaces de tener los compromisos de responsabilidad social de las empresas multinacionales en la solución de conflictos laborales suscitados en sus cadenas de producción, a través de un caso emblemático que se produjo en el Perú, como consecuencia del cese masivo de representantes y afiliados sindicales por parte de la empresa Topy Top, que se solucionó a través de la intervención de dos marcas internacionales que eran clientes de dicha empresa. Esa intervención no solamente permitió la reposición de los trabajadores, sino que generó una serie de instrumentos que tenían por objeto desarrollar un sistema de relaciones industriales maduro. A través del análisis de los acuerdos e instrumentos adoptados y la forma cómo se desarrollaron las relaciones entre la empresa y el sindicato posteriormente, se evalúa el rol de garantía del cumplimiento de derechos laborales fundamentales que pueden asumir las empresas multinacionales.
Las reglas ambientales del desarrollo económico: la regulación de la contaminación del aire generada por las fundidoras de Chuquicamata y La Oroya
Authors: Orihuela José Carlos 
Published: March 2023

¿Por qué y cómo las sociedades transforman las reglas ambientales del desarrollo económico, o fracasan en hacerlo? Este artículo compara las experiencias de Chile y Perú en la regulación de las actividades de las fundidoras de metales entre 1990 y 2010. La contaminación del aire por parte de las fundidoras en Chuquicamata y La Oroya, sitios mineros emblemáticos de ambos países, no generó protestas nacionales desestabilizadoras. Sin embargo, pese a la ausencia de un fuerte descontento debido a la contaminación, las reglas ambientales para la minería pudieron ser mejoradas como resultado del trabajo de redes de activistas (policy network activism) y a través de canales institucionales altamente idiosincráticos. El análisis muestra que los emprendedores de políticas públicas (policy entrepreneurs) para Chuquicamata se fortalecieron por un ambiente institucional nacional que favoreció la autonomía burocrática, mientras que una acción paralela en La Oroya fue frenada por una economía política enmarcada en la debilidad estatal y el poco interés de las élites.
The Great Recession: on the Ineffectiveness of Domestic Policies and the Need of Multilateral Arrangements
Authors: Rojas Jorge 
Published: March 2023

The Great Recession is the manifestation of some fundamental problems in the real sector of the global economy, related basically to the loss of competitiveness of the U.S. and other central economies, reflected in continuous external disequilibria in the form of parallel current account deficits and financial account surpluses. Domestic monetary and fiscal (or domestic adjustment) policies have not reached a solution to the problem because we are now dealing with a global problem that requires multilateral solutions seeking to adjust some fundamental relative prices and the closing of some key structural imbalances in order to make a sustainable recovery possible. Besides, the difficulties in finding and engineering a solution show the need to reassess the theoretical paradigms underlying the economic policies that preceded the current crisis (e.g., supply-side economics).
Educación y trabajo juvenil en el Perú urbano
Authors: Garavito Cecilia 
Published: March 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar qué determina que los jóvenes que aún viven en la casa de sus padres se encuentren estudiando, trabajando, combinado ambas actividades, o fuera del sistema educativo y de la fuerza laboral. Nos interesa determinar qué mantiene a los jóvenes en el sistema educativo, aun si están trabajando, y si existen diferencias por género. Partimos de un modelo de negociación cooperativa eficiente entre los padres y el joven, y estimamos una regresión Logit Multinomial con datos del Perú Urbano para el año 2014. Encontramos que los jóvenes se mantendrán en el sistema educativo aun si están trabajando, mientras mayor sea su poder de negociación en el hogar, menor su costo de oportunidad, y más años de estudios tengan sus padres.
Formulation of a radiological scoring system to prognosticate patients with primary intracerebral haemorrhage
Authors: Kumar Krishna , Gopalan Harison , Jayaprakash Jayalakshmi 
Published: March 2023

Background. Primary intracerebral haemorrhage is a neurological condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Outcome prediction is necessary to allocate the available resources in such cases judicially. Our study aims to identify the radiological predictors of in-hospital mortality based on a plain CT study of the brain at admission and to develop a prognostic scoring system based on them. Material and methods. We collected the clinical and radiological data from 182 consecutive patients who presented with primary spontaneous ICH. Bivariate analysis of radiological predictors of in-hospital mortality was undertaken using unadjusted logistic regression. Those variables found to have significance were put into a multivariate logistic regression model. The Results of multivariate logistic regression were treated as a foundation for developing the scoring system. Results. The mortality rate in our series was 23.6% (N = 43). After multivariate analysis, Midline shift (MLS), presence or absence of intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), Volume of ICH and Location of haematoma were significant predictors of mortality. Based on the identified radiological variables, a five-score prognostic scoring system (AUROC = 0.925, 95% CI 0.887–0.964)) was developed, with higher scores indicating higher mortality. Conclusions. The established scoring system, MIVL, may help physicians to do better patient counselling regarding outcomes.
Newly Acquired Data on the Geologic Structure and Hydrocarbon Potential in the Eastern Part of the East Siberian Sea Shelf
Authors: Zavarzina G.A. , Shapabaeva D.S. , Zakharova O.A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
—We report results of an integrated interpretation of geophysical data (2D CDP seismic acquisition and gravity and magnetic survey) conducted by Gazpromneft Science and Technology Center in the North Wrangel lease block on the East Siberian Sea shelf. The newly obtained geophysical data have allowed us to update the geological model of the sedimentary cover within the North Wrangel lease block, to clarify the limits of the Drem-Khed Trough, to reconstruct the conditions under which sedimentary complexes formed, and to identify possible promising oil and gas accumulation zones. We were able to determine the position of the main stratigraphic unconformities, to propose several approaches to their interpretation, and to identify the clinoform architecture of the Aptian–Albian and Cenozoic complexes within the Drem-Khed Trough. The integrated review of geological and geophysical data has been helpful in refining the framework of the main structures adjoining the trough and predicting the extent of potential reservoirs and oil and gas source rocks throughout the sedimentary cover. The Upper Cretaceous and Cenozoic complexes are regarded as oil and gas exploration targets.
Evidence-Based Policy Making: Insights and Policy Recommendations for the Implementation of a Clean Energy Transition in Kenya.
Authors: Fields Neve , Ryves David B , Yeganyan Rudolf , Cannone Carla , Tan Naomi , Howells Mark 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

With ambitious targets to drastically increase economic activity over the next decade in order to propel itself to become a middle-income country, Kenya’s future is undoubtedly energy intensive. Through the achievement of its bold and aspiring goals, Kenya is poised to become a regional economic giant with the capacity to strengthen its position as a global leader in renewable energy production. However, current energy capacity expansion plans will see Kenya drastically ramp up fossil fuel generation, significantly increasing emissions and regressing progress made towards its climate and renewable energy targets. Therefore, Kenya is at a crucial stage of its national development with critical decisions to make regarding its future energy expansion and production. The use of energy systems modelling as a method to provide key insights for evidence-based policy making has risen in importance in energy planning globally. Such an approach can provide crucial insights and projections on the impact of potential policy decisions, creating pathways to be adopted within policy. As a result, this study employs long-term energy systems modelling to explore a series of potential future scenarios for Kenya’s power sector, providing insights into their generation, total production, and costs that can assist national policy making. Specifically, this research utilises OSeMOSYS modelling software to produce a Clean Energy Transition scenario (CET) as one possible future for Kenya’s power sector to increase renewable energy production under rapidly intensifying demand. The critical insights gained in this research were employed to suggest seven key policy recommendations for Kenya’s power sector.
Transnational conservation to anticipate future plant shifts in Europe
Authors: Mendes Yohann Chauvier , Pollock Laura , Verburg Peter H. , Karger Dirk Nikolaus , Pellissier Loïc , Lavergne Sébastien , Zimmermann Niklaus , Thuiller Wilfried 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To meet the COP15 biodiversity framework in Europe, one target is to protect 30% of land by 2030 through a resilient transnational conservation network 1,2. The European Alps are a key hub of this network hosting one of the most extensive natural areas and hotspots of plant biodiversity in Europe 3,4. Here, we assess the robustness of the conservation network to safeguard the European Alps’ flora by 2080 using semi-mechanistic simulations. Overall, we predict a shift in conservation need from lower to higher elevations through time as plants migrate upslope and shrink their distribution. While increasing species, trait, and evolutionary diversity, migration could also threaten 70% of the resident flora. Future expansions of the protected area network should ensure strong elevational connections, even those that span borders.
Mechanistic study of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction in the treatment of osteoarthritis using a weighted gene co-expression network and molecular docking techniques
Authors: Jiang Zhong bo , Cai Yu li , Wang Wei guo , Lv Wen xue 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: To use weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and molecular docking techniques to predict the mechanism of action of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction (HGWWD) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) and to provide a bioinformatics basis for the clinical application of HGWWD in the treatment of OA.
Methods: After searching the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the GSE55235, GSE206848 and GSE55457 datasets were obtained. After merging and normalizing the GSE55235 and GSE206848 datasets, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, modules closely associated with OA were screened using a weighted gene co-expression network (WGCN) constructed using R software, and the common genes among DEGs and key module genes were imported into the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) for Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. The active ingredients in HGWWD were retrieved through the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP), and a "drug-active ingredient-target" network was constructed using Cytoscape software. The GSE55457 dataset was used to verify and compare the expression differences in hub genes between different groups. AutoDock was used to conduct molecular docking of key genes and related active ingredients, and PyMOL and Discovery Studio were used for visual analyses.
Results: A total of 1455 DEGs were screened in the merged dataset, including 574 upregulated genes and 881 downregulated genes. The key module contained 388 genes. A total of 47 pathways were obtained from the KEGG analysis. β-Sitosterol, kaempferol, β-carotene, stigmasterol, and quercetin were identified as the main compounds of HGWWD, and interleukin (IL)-6, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), JUN, MYC, NFKBIA, SELE, and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2) were the main hub genes involved in the treatment of OA with HGWWD. Molecular docking indicated that except for quercetin, the binding energies of other major compounds to hub genes were less than -5.0 kcal/mol.
Conclusion: β-Sitosterol, kaempferol, β-carotene, stigmasterol and quercetin in HGWWD act on MYC, JUN, IL-6, VEGFA, and SELE, thus generating good therapeutic effects in individuals with OA.
Program Gate-Less Reconfigurable FETs Based on Ferroelectric
Authors: Lee Dong Hyeok , Chang Jiwon 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this work, we propose ferroelectric-based reconfigurable field-effect transistors (FeRFETs) which can switch the polarity without program gate (PG). In FeRFETs, the non-volatile and reconfigurable electrostatic doping by ferroelectric enables the type conversion without PG. Through the TCAD simulations calibrated with the experimental data, we confirm a reconfigurable high doping level (> 1×1021 cm-3), a clear type conversion and highly tunable performance in FeRFETs. It is also found that carefully tailoring coercive field (EC) is important to maximize the performance of FeRFETs.
Construction and evaluation of prognostic model of genes related to cell burial in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
Authors: Sun YueFeng , Zhang YueYang , Wu Fan , Liu Xue 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a complex lung disease. Efferocytosis was related to IPF initiation and progression. The study aimed to mine efferocytosis-related genes (ECRGs) and establish corresponding prognostic signature in IPF.
Methods
Differentially expressed ECRGs (DEECRGs) were obtained by overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between IPF and normal samples and ECRGs. Univariate COX and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were applied to construct a risk model. The model was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier (K-M) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Multivariate Cox model was performed, nomogram was further constructed. Moreover, gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and immune infiltration of two risk groups were explored. Last, the study evaluated the predictive power of EC-related model genes in both GSE70866 training dataset and GSE10667 validation dataset.
Results
A risk model was constructed with 5 ECRGs (CXCR4, ODC1, AXL, DOCK5 and MERTK). K-M analysis showed IPF patients in high risk group performed noteworthy poorer survival than those in low risk group. ROC curves indicated good performance of the risk model. GSVA illustrated that biological processes of diacyl bacterial lipopeptide and amino acid betaine biosynthetic process, and KEGG pathways of clycosaminoglycan biosynthesis chondroitin sulfate and butanoate metabolism signaling pathway were significantly different in two risk groups. Immune infiltration analysis showed that there were significant differential immune cells(Mast cells, naive B cells, actiated NK cells, M0 Macrophages, resting Dendritic cell and resting Mast cell)in two risk groups.
Conclusions
A risk model consisting of 5 ECRGs (CXCR4, ODC1, AXL, DOCK5 and MERTK) was successfully constructed, which could provide a new idea for the prognosis of IPF.