bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidization and Chain‐Branching Reaction for Recycling HDPE and Mixed HDPE/PP with In‐situ Compatibilization by Ozone‐Induced Reactive Extrusion
Authors: Wei Shi‐Yi , Wang Chun‐Yan , Guo Chao , Zhu Ya‐Nan , Cao Xian‐Wu , Kuang Qing‐Lin , He Guang‐Jian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) are widely used in industrial and residential applications due to their low cost and chemical stability, thus their recycling process can contribute to a circular economy. However, both polymers are non‐polar materials, and the incompatibility with most other materials leads to substantially inferior properties of blends. In this work, we propose a flexible compatibilization strategy to improve the compatibility of HDPE/iPP blends. Ozone is adopted to induce reactive extrusion for rapid oxidation of HDPE and chain‐branching reactions for both HDPE and HDPE/iPP blends. During extrusion process, ozone oxidizes HDPE effectively in a short time and introduces oxygen‐containing groups such as carbonyl and ester groups, which improves the hydrophilicity. The addition of trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) could promote branching reaction and facilitate the formation of HDPE‐g‐iPP copolymers, which improved the compatibility for HDPE/iPP. As a result, the impact strength of ozone‐modified HDPE and HDPE/iPP blends increased by 22 % and 82 %, respectively, and the tensile strength also increased. This strategy would have potential applications in the field of sorting‐free and solvent‐free recycling of waste polyolefin plastics.
C2DD—An omnidirectional receiver based on single‐coil transmitter
Authors: Tian Zijian , Guo Bochao , Chen Wei , Guo Ni , Yu Ting 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the omnidirectional receiver (Rx) of wireless power transfer (WPT) system is proposed, making any transmitter (Tx) into omnidirectional Tx. The omnidirectional Rx is composed of the quadrature double‐D (DD) coils and circular coil in series (C2DD). The C2DD Rx can utilize the toroidal magnetic field (TMF) and the linear magnetic field (LMF). The paper presents the circuit diagram model of WPT system. Based on the analysis of circuit model, the smooth mutual inductance of system is responsible for stable transmission performance during C2DD Rx movement. The result of numerical calculation and magnetic field simulation verifies the omnidirectional capability of the C2DD Rx with circular Tx as an example. Experiment shows that the C2DD Rx receives power in any direction. The C2DD Rx can receive maximum transmission power of 7.1 W with maximum transmission efficiency of 59%.
Unlocking the anti‐diabetic potential of Gymnema sylvestre, Trigonella foenum‐graecum, and their combination thereof: An in‐vivo evaluation
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Nasir Amar , Gulzaman  , Rafique Muhammad Kamran , Abbas Mazhar , ur Rehman Aziz , Riaz Muhammad , Rasool Ghulam , Mtewa Andrew G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current study aimed to explore the anti‐diabetic effect of aqueous extracts of Gymnema sylvestre, Trigonella foenum‐graecum and mixture of both the plants in alloxan‐induced diabetic rabbits. A total of 30 rabbits were grouped into six equal groups as: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic treated with 300 mg/kg body weight (bw) G. sylvestre, diabetic treated with 300 mg/kg bw T. foenum‐graecum, diabetic treated with 300 mg/kg bw mixture of both the plants and diabetic treated with 500 mg/kg bw metformin for 4 weeks. Diabetes was induced to all the study group animals except normal control by intravenous administration of alloxan monohydrate (80 mg/kg bw). Blood glucose was measured by glucometer and other biochemical parameters were determined through various kit methods. Serum insulin was measured through ELISA kit method. Results showed that both the plants and metformin significantly (p < .05) decreased the fasting blood glucose. Hypoglycemic activity of aqueous extract of G. sylvestre and metformin was found slightly higher than aqueous extract of T. foenum‐graecum and the mixture of both the plants. However, a significant (p < .05) rise in insulin secretion was observed in studied plants extract treated rabbits. Serum urea, creatinine, and liver enzymes were found reduced significantly (p < .05) in treated rabbits whereas packed cell volume was also returned to normal in treated animals as compared to control group. The study concluded that G. sylvestre and T. foenum‐graecum extracts have comparable effects with metformin in normalizing the blood glucose level and have more pronounced effect than metformin in restoring the serum biochemical parameters to normal levels. Hence, these plants may be the good alternative medicine in managing the diabetes mellitus.
Safety as a Factor in Reaction Development: Considerations of Sensitization Potential with Amide Bond Forming Reagents
Authors: George David T. , Williams Michael J. , Beutner Gregory L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn response to an increased awareness of sensitization issues with amide bond forming agents, a detailed toxicological analysis of this broad family of reagents was undertaken which led to a quantitative ranking of the sensitization potential of these commonly used compounds. This data enables occupational toxicologists to guide the safer use of these reagents in the laboratory, but it also provides an opportunity for chemists working on reaction development, optimization and scale‐up. To illustrate this, one of the strongest sensitizers, EDAC, is compared with the performance of one of the weakest, TCFH, showing the potential of this data for minimizing risks for researchers when using this family of reagents.
Crisis and bias: Exploring ethnic prejudice among Chinese‐Dutch children before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Yang Yiran , Emmen Rosanneke A. G. , de Bruijn Ymke , Mesman Judi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInterethnic prejudice in children has been studied mostly among White and Black populations in the United States, but less among East Asian populations and Europe. Given that interethnic prejudice is sensitive to populations and contexts, research on previously neglected groups is needed. In the current study, interethnic prejudice is examined among Chinese‐Dutch children aged 7–11 years (N = 80, 42 girls and 38 boys), focusing on their preference for and rejection of East Asian, White, Southwest Asian and North African, and Black peers. In addition, interethnic prejudice is examined in relation to the COVID‐19 pandemic, a global crisis that has led to anti‐Asian racism. The results revealed that Chinese‐Dutch children evaluated their ethnic ingroup and the White outgroup most positively, and the Black outgroup least positively. Moreover, stronger ingroup affinity (in terms of lower ingroup rejection) among Chinese‐Dutch children was found during than before the COVID‐19 pandemic, highlighting the importance of situational influences on children's interethnic prejudice.
Anesthesia and postpartum pain management for placenta accreta spectrum: The patient perspective and recommendations for care
Authors: Bartels Helena C. , Lalor Joan G. , Walsh Don , Nieto‐Calvache Albaro José , Terlizzi Kristen , Cooney Naomi , Palacios‐Jaraquemada José Miguel , O'Flaherty Doireann , MacColgain Siaghal , ffrench‐O'Carroll Robert , Brennan Donal J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivePlacenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a high‐risk complication of pregnancy, which often requires complex surgical intervention. There is limited literature on the patient experience during the perioperative period and postpartum pain management for PAS. Therefore, this study aims to explore the patient perspective of anesthesia care.MethodsEthical approval was granted by the hospital ethics committee (EC02.2023). This was a descriptive survey study, including women with a history of pregnancy complicated by PAS who were members of two patient advocacy groups. The survey, consisting of both open and closed questions, was performed over a 6‐week period between January and March 2023. Content analysis was performed on qualitative data to identify themes, and recommendations for care are suggested.ResultsA total of 347 participants responded to the survey; 76% (n = 252) had a cesarean hysterectomy (n = 252), and general anesthesia was the most common primary mode of anesthesia (39%, n = 130). We identified two overarching themes: experiences of anesthesia and experience of postpartum pain management. Under experiences of anesthesia, three subthemes were identified, namely “communication with the anesthesiologist”, “deferring to the expertise of the team”, and “consequences of decision around the mode of anesthesia.” Under postpartum pain management, two subthemes emerged: “support of specialist PAS team” and “poor pain management following PAS surgery”.ConclusionsWomen want to be involved in decisions around their care, but do not always understand the consequences of their decision‐making, such as missing the birth of their child. An antenatal anesthesiology consultation is important to provide women with information, explore preferences, and develop a plan of care for the birth.
Compact portable higher harmonic generation microscopy for the real time assessment of unprocessed thyroid tissue
Authors: Kok S. D. , Schaap P. M. Rodriguez , van Dommelen L. , van Huizen L. M. G. , Dickhoff C. , Dijkum E. M. Nieveen‐van , Engelsman A. F. , van der Valk P. , Groot M. L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuring thyroid surgery fast and reliable intra‐operative pathological feedback has the potential to avoid a two‐stage procedure and significantly reduce health care costs in patients undergoing a diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT). We explored higher harmonic generation (HHG) microscopy, which combines second harmonic generation (SHG), third harmonic generation (THG), and multiphoton excited autofluorescence (MPEF) for this purpose. With a compact, portable HHG microscope, images of freshly excised healthy tissue, benign nodules (follicular adenoma) and malignant tissue (papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma) were recorded. The images were generated on unprocessed tissue within minutes and show relevant morphological thyroid structures in good accordance with the histology images. The thyroid follicle architecture, cells, cell nuclei (THG), collagen organization (SHG) and the distribution of thyroglobulin and/or thyroid hormones T3 or T4 (MPEF) could be visualized. We conclude that SHG/THG/MPEF imaging is a promising tool for clinical intraoperative assessment of thyroid tissue.
Pericyte dysfunction is a key mediator of the risk of cerebral ischemia
Authors: Whitehead Bailey , Karelina Kate , Weil Zachary M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPericytes are critical yet understudied cells that are a central component of the neurovascular unit. They are connected to the cerebrovascular endothelium and help control vascular contractility and maintain the blood–brain barrier. Pericyte dysfunction has the potential to mediate many of the deleterious vascular consequences of ischemic stroke. Current therapeutics are designed to be administered after stroke onset and limit damage, but there are few options to target vascular risk factors pre‐ischemia which likely contribute to stroke outcomes. Here, we focus on the role of pericytes in health and disease, and discuss how pericyte dysfunction can increase the risk of ischemic injury. Additionally, we note that despite the importance of pericytes in cerebrovascular disease, there are relatively few current therapeutic options that target pericyte function.
An application of computable biomedical knowledge to transform patient centered scheduling
Authors: Azad Namita , Armstrong Carolyn , Depue Corinne , Crimmins Timothy J. , Touson Jonathan C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionEfficient appointment scheduling in the outpatient setting is challenged by two main factors: variability and uncertainty leading to undesirable wait times for patients or physician overtime, and events such as no‐shows, cancellations, or walk‐ins can result in physician idle time and under‐utilization of resources. Some methods have been developed to optimize scheduling and minimize wait and idle times in the inpatient setting but are limited in the outpatient setting.MethodsPeople and Organization Development, an internal group of organizational developers, led the development of a solution that selects the optimal group of appointments for a patient that minimizes the time between associated procedures as well as lead time built using a linear integer program. This program takes appointment requests, availability of resources, order constraints, and time preferences as inputs, and provides a list of the most optimal groupings as an output. Included in the methodology is the technical infrastructure necessary to deploy this within an electronic medical record system.Implementation and Test PlanA pilot has been designed to run this algorithm in a single department. The pilot will include training staff on the new workflow, and conducting informal interviews to gather qualitative data on performance. Key performance indicators such as schedule utilization, resource idle time, patient satisfaction, average appointment lead time, and average waiting time will be closely monitored.DiscussionThe model is limited in accounting for variability in appointment length potentially resulting in inaccurate schedules for healthcare providers and patients. Future states would incorporate certain visit types starting through machine learning techniques. Additionally expanding our data pipeline and processing, developing greater communication software, and expanding our research to include other departments and subspecialties, will enhance the accuracy and flexibility of the algorithm and enable healthcare providers to provide better care to their patients.
Strike while the iron is hot: Temperature affects consumers' appetite for risk
Authors: Lundberg Josh , Craig Adam , Peloza John 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany consumer decisions—from trying a new brand to trying a new recipe—involve risk. However, although consumers' appetite for risk has received over 50 years of investigation, the impact of situational variables (e.g., atmospherics) on consumer decision‐making involving risk remains relatively unexplored. To address this gap, the current work examines the influence of temperature, a ubiquitous situational influence, on consumers' inclination toward risk. Across four studies, we find evidence for a positive relationship between temperature and risk‐taking, using multiple operationalizations of temperature and measurements of risk. Evidence suggests that this effect is driven by warm temperature engaging the Behavioral Activation System, which in turn heightens risk‐taking.
Use of super‐thin anterolateral thigh flap in intra‐oral reconstruction of soft tissue defects
Authors: Dave Aniket , Priyadarshini Pratyusha , Wadhwani Kamlesh , Laxmidhar Murtuza , Vanjarapu Ravi Naga Vijay Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTraditional sub‐fascial anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps are bulky and often give unsatisfactory outcomes in several head and neck reconstructions where thin pliable flaps are required. As a result, despite high incidence of donor site complications, radial forearm flap is still commonly used for tongue, buccal mucosa and lip defects where a traditional ALT flap would be too bulky. The objective of this report was to evaluate the usefulness of super‐thin ALT flap as an alternative to radial forearm flap for intra‐oral reconstruction.Patients and methodsRetrospective evaluation was done of all head and neck reconstructions performed by a single surgeon between December 2021 and May 2022. Twenty‐two patients who had undergone super‐thin ALT flaps for intra‐oral reconstruction of soft tissue defects were included in the report. These included buccal mucosa (n = 11), tongue (n = 8), and buccal mucosa with neck skin defects (n = 3). All patients had undergone wide excision of oral squamous cell carcinoma, and had history of chewing tobacco. Average age of patients was 54 years, 16 were males and 6 were females. Mean BMI of the patients was 25.2 kg/m2 (Range: 20.5–31.0 kg/m2). Super‐thin ALT flap was elevated in the plane of superficial fascia of the thigh, thus leaving behind the deeper fat. The flaps were shaped as per the measurements obtained from the specimen as well as the defect and intra‐oral inset was done prior to vascular anastomosis.ResultsMean flap dimension was 8.3 × 6.7 cm (range: 6 × 5 to 20 × 7 cm). Mean flap thickness was 9 mm (range: 4–20 mm). Mean flap elevation time was 70.9 min (Range: 48–105 min). None of the flaps needed a re‐exploration. All flaps survived completely. One patient had surgical site infection at the flap donor site which was managed conservatively. Mean follow up was 5 months (range: 3–10 months). All patients were able to take soft oral diet at the last follow up.ConclusionsSuper‐thin ALT flaps raised in superficial fascia plane are reliable and provide thin, pliable tissue for head and neck reconstruction. Unlike other thin flaps, these are not limited by donor site morbidity and flap dimension.
Pumping scheme for Holmium‐doped fiber amplifiers using traditional 1480 nm pumps exploiting cascaded lasers implemented using fiber Bragg gratings
Authors: Kanwal Benish , Atieh Ahmad , Ghafoor Salman , Sajid Muhammad , Mirza Jawad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDiversity in design is an important factor that enables developers to explore techniques aiming to reduce cost, complexity, and manufacturability. The optical window around 2000 nm is attracting rapid research considerations for the next generation optical networks as a continuation of C‐, L‐, and U‐bands. Optical amplifier is considered to be one of the major research directions in this optical window. Holmium‐doped fiber amplifier is an appropriate component to amplify signals in this optical window. But, the major issue is the pump laser for pumping the Holmium‐doped fiber (HDF) is that it is costly and not readily procurable. In a pioneering design, the authors introduced a method to pump the HDF using traditional 1480 nm pump diode by taking the advantage of cascaded lasers which were made of Erbium‐doped fiber (EDF) and Thulium‐doped fiber (TDF). In this paper, we propose an alternate method for pumping the HDF using commercially available 1480 nm pump diode by exploiting cascaded lasers implemented using two pairs of reflective fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and pieces of EDF and TDF. The EDF in the first laser is excited with a standard 1480 nm pump diode to create 1610 nm continuous wave (CW) laser which is used to excite the TDF in the second laser to generate 1950 nm CW laser that is used to pump the HDF. Peak gain of 40.5, 36, and 23 dB can be attained corresponding to –30, –15, and 0 dBm signal powers, respectively at 2055.6 nm signal wavelength. Output powers of 10.5, 21, and 23 dBm are obtained for –30, –15, and 0 dBm signal powers, respectively at 2055.6 nm signal wavelength. Noise figures (NFs) of 5, 4.2, and 4 dB are observed at signal wavelength of 2066.7 nm for signal powers of −30, −15, and 0 dBm, respectively. Penalty of 4.5 dB has been observed both in peak gain and power at 2055.6 nm signal wavelength for signal power of −15 dBm considering the pair induced quenching. Finally, the proposed alternate pumping scheme is compared with the previous pumping scheme in terms of 3 dB gain bandwidth and NF. It has been observed that 88% increase in 3 dB gain bandwidth and 19% decrease in NF at a signal wavelength of 2044.4 nm for signal power of –30 dBm is noticed in the proposed pumping scheme.
A good beam quality Ho:GdVO4 laser pumped by thulium‐doped fiber laser at 1940 nm
Authors: Yang Chao , Li Xin , Zheng Bowen , Li Yongliang , Ju Youlun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe demonstrate a Ho:GdVO4 solid‐state laser pumped by a thulium (Tm)‐doped fiber laser at 1940nm. In continuous wave mode, a maximum output power of 6.1 W was obtained under the absorbed pump power of 31.9 W with the slope efficiency of 24.3% at the temperature of 18°C. The wavelength of output laser was 2048.53 nm with full width at half maximum of 0.2 nm. In Q‐switched mode, a maximum single pulse energy of 0.94 mJ was obtained with a minimum pulse duration of 7.3 ns at the pulse repetition frequency of 5 kHz, corresponding to a peak power of 129 kW and an average output power of 4.7 W. The beam quality factor of M2 was 1.01 under the maximum absorbed pump power. To the best of our knowledge, 0.94 mJ is the highest single pulse energy in single holmium (Ho) doped GdVO4 laser pumped by Tm‐doped fiber laser at 1940 nm, and 1.01 is the best beam quality factor of M2 in Ho:GdVO4 laser pumped by a Tm‐doped fiber laser.
Advancing earlier transdiagnostic identification of mental health risk: A pragmatic approach at the transition to toddlerhood
Authors: Wiggins Jillian Lee , Ureña Rosario Ana , Zhang Yudong , MacNeill Leigha , Yu Qiongru , Norton Elizabeth , Smith Justin D. , Wakschlag Lauren S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesIn light of the youth mental health crisis, as 1 in 5 children have a mental disorder diagnosis by age 3, identification of transdiagnostic behavioral vulnerability prior to impairing psychopathology must occur at an earlier phase of the clinical sequence. Here, we lay the groundwork for a pragmatic irritability measure to identify at‐risk infant‐toddlers.MethodsData comprised N = 350 diverse infant‐toddlers and their mothers assessed at ∼14 months old for irritability (Multidimensional Assessment Profiles‐ Temper Loss‐Infant/Toddler (MAPS‐TL‐IT) and impairment (Early Childhood Irritability‐Related Impairment Interview, E‐CRI; and Family Life Impairment Scale (FLIS). Bimonthly follow‐up surveys assessed impairment (FLIS) over the following year.ResultsStepwise logistic regression indicated that 5 MAPS‐TL‐IT items were most informative for differentiating concurrent impairment on the FLIS: “frustrated about small things”; “hit, bite, or kick during tantrums”; “trouble cheering up when grumpy”; “grumpy during fun activities” and “tantrums in public”. With this summed score, Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis differentiating concurrent impairment on the E‐CRI indicated good classification accuracy for (Area under the curve = 0.755, p < 0.05), with a cutoff of 5 maximizing sensitivity (71.4%) and specificity (70.6%). Elevated irritability on this MAPS‐TL‐IT clinically optimized screener increased likelihood of persistently elevated FLIS impairment trajectories over the following year more than fourfold (OR = 4.37; Confidence intervals = 2.40–7.97, p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings represent the first step toward a pragmatic tool for screening for transdiagnostic mental health risk in toddlers, optimized for feasibility in clinical care. This has potential to strengthen resilience pathways via earlier identification of mental health risk and corollary prevention in toddlers.