bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent component detection of quaternary blended oil based on near infrared spectroscopy technology
Authors: Zhao Zhide , Sun Laijun , Bai Hongyi , Zhang Hong , Tian Yujie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technique was used for quantitative detection of quaternary blended oil. After a series of preprocessing, the prediction effects of the three models and their preprocessing combinations were compared. Taking soybean oil content prediction as an example, random forest (RF) model had better performance after second derivative (D2) optimization. In feature selection, a two‐step feature selection method was adopted to extract the feature wavelength. First, the elastic net (EN) was used for the initial screening of feature wavelengths, and most irrelevant features were eliminated. The number of feature wavelengths was reduced from 1048 to 134. After that, the competitive adaptive re‐weighted sampling (CARS) method was used to screen the remaining characteristic wavelengths more carefully, and 20 effective characteristic wavelengths were selected. Finally, a quantitative detection model was established based on 20 effective characteristic wavelengths selected by EN + CARS. Evaluated by the test set, The correlation coefficient of determination (R2), root‐mean‐square error of prediction (RMSEP) and Relative Percent Difference (RPD) values of 2D + EN + CARS + RF model were 0.97953, 1.34306 and 7.08875, respectively. The results showed that the two‐step feature selection method can effectively extract the feature wavelength, and the NIRS technology can realize the intelligent detection of blended oil components.
Organic‐Inorganic Phenolic/POSS Hybrids Provide Highly Ordered Mesoporous Structures Templated by High Thermal Stability of PS‐b‐P4VP Diblock Copolymer
Authors: Chou Ting‐Chih , Chen Wei‐Cheng , Mohamed Mohamed Gamal , Huang Yen‐Chi , Kuo Shiao‐Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAnionic living polymerization was used to prepare a diblock copolymer of poly(styrene‐b‐4‐vinyl pyridine) (PS‐b‐P4VP), and a phenolic resin with a double‐decker silsesquioxane (DDSQ) cage structure was used to form a phenolic/DDSQ hybrid (PDDSQ‐30 with 30 wt.% DDSQ). Strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding could be confirmed through the hydroxyl (OH) groups of PDDSQ hybrid with the pyridine group of the P4VP block in PDDSQ‐30/PS‐b‐P4VP blends based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, where increasing PDDSQ concentrations resulted in a higher proportion of hydrogen‐bonded pyridine groups. After thermal polymerization at 180 °C, the self‐assembled structures of these PDDSQ/PS‐b‐P4VP blends were revealed by data from small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), where the d‐spacing increased with raising PDDSQ concentration. Because relatively higher thermal stability of the PDDSQ hybrid than pure phenolic resin and PS‐b‐P4VP template, we can obtain the long ranger order of mesoporous PDDSQ hybrids after removing the PS‐b‐P4VP template, which reveals the high surface area and high pore volume with cylindrical and spherical structures corresponding to the PDDSQ compositions that are rarely observed by using pure phenolic resin as the matrix and could be used in supercapacitor application.
Collimating the growth of twisted crystals of achiral compounds
Authors: Lozano Idalys , Whittaker St. John , Yang Yongfan , Tiwari Akash , Zhou Hengyu , Kim Shin , Mendoza Magaly , Sow Maryam , Shtukenberg Alexander G. , Kahr Bart , An Zhihua , Lee Stephanie S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA great proportion of molecular crystals can be made to grow as twisted fibrils. Typically, this requires high crystallization driving forces that lead to spherulitic textures. Here, it is shown how micron size channels fabricated from poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) serve to collimate the circular polycrystalline growth fronts of optically banded spherulites of twisted crystals of three compounds, coumarin, 2,5‐bis(3‐dodecyl‐2‐thienyl)‐thiazolo[5,4‐d]thiazole, and tetrathiafulvalene. The relationships between helicoidal pitch, growth front coherence, and channel width are measured. As channels spill into open spaces, collimated crystals “diffract” via small angle branching. On the other hand, crystals grown together from separate channels whose bands are out of phase ultimately become a single in‐phase bundle of fibrils by a cooperative mechanism yet unknown. The isolation of a single twist sense in individual channels is described. We forecast that such chiral molecular crystalline channels may function as chiral optical wave guides.
Promise of bile circulating tumor DNA in biliary tract cancers
Authors: Kearney Joseph F. , Weighill Deborah , Yeh Jen Jen 
Published: March 2023

An explosion of technological advances has facilitated the unprecedented use of liquid biopsy methods to isolate and interrogate circulating tumor DNA for precision oncology approaches. Liquid biopsy samples are not isolated to plasma but include bodily fluids such as urine and bile. In this issue, Ohyama et al. present a prospective study of patients with biliary tract cancers who underwent cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) isolation from bile and plasma, further demonstrating the feasibility and promise of bile cfDNA for biliary tract malignancies.
“Rhapsody in blue”—the blue color in architecture and the built environment: traditions and contemporary applications
Authors: Tarajko‐Kowalska Justyna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe main goal of this article is to summarize and present the most important facts concerning the use of the blue color in the built environment, considering its symbolic, functional, and decorative aspects. This monograph of color is aimed to contribute to a better understanding and clarify the place and meaning of the blue color in the architectural space and allow architects to use this color with greater awareness of its characteristic features in the historical context. The results of the detailed analysis of more than 200 blue buildings, collected by the author since 2006, are grouped into seven main thematic sections, which express different ways of applying blue in the architectural space: as a symbol/idea, the color of the sky, as traditional, contrast, and material color, as a visual attribute and brand color, and last but not least as the color of the light. The main conclusion is that, although the rationales for using blue color in architecture were diverse, symbolic and aesthetic considerations prevailed. As the dominating color of the sky and water, blue is considered the most intangible of all hues in architecture. Also, as a worldwide attribute of divinity, connected with Heaven as the domicile of deities and gods, it has received a considerable spiritual load. The universality of this symbolism, combined with the high cost of pigments, has given the blue color its unique and exclusive value. Even nowadays, despite the greater availability of blue materials and colorants, blue has not become a prevalent color in architecture. On the contrary, its visual impact, both in glass curtain walls and in night illuminations, still emphasizes its immateriality and reference to spiritual symbolism.
Thiopurine Methyltransferase Intermediate Metabolizer Status and Thiopurine‐Associated Toxicity During Maintenance Therapy in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Schwarz Ute I. , Woldanski‐Travaglini Morgan , Swanston Valerie , Mikhail Mariam , Cacciotti Chantel , Cairney Elizabeth , Patel Serina , Seelisch Jennifer , Tole Soumitra , Wilejto Marta , Tirona Rommel G. , Kim Richard B. , Zorzi Alexandra P. 
Published: March 2023

Mercaptopurine is a cornerstone of maintenance chemotherapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Its cytotoxic effects are mediated by 6‐thioguanine nucleotides (TGNs) incorporation into lymphocyte DNA. Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) inactivates mercaptopurine, and deficiency resulting from genetic variants increases TGN exposure and hematopoietic toxicity. Although mercaptopurine‐dose reduction reduces toxicity risk without compromising relapse rate in patients with TPMT deficiency, dosing recommendations for those with moderately reduced activity (intermediate metabolizer (IM)) are less clear and their clinical impacts have yet to be established. This cohort study assessed the effect of TPMT IM status on mercaptopurine‐associated toxicity and TGN blood exposure in pediatric patients with ALL initiated on standard dose mercaptopurine. Of 88 patients studied (mean age 4.8 years), 10 (11.4%) were TPMT IM, and all had undergone ≥ 3 cycles of maintenance therapy (80% completed). A larger proportion of TPMT IM than normal metabolizers (NM) had febrile neutropenia (FN) during the first two cycles of maintenance, reaching significance in the second cycle (57% vs. 15%, respectively; odds ratio = 7.33, P < 0.05). Compared to NM, FN events occurred more frequently and with prolonged duration in IM in cycles 1 and 2 (adjusted P < 0.05). IM had a 2.46‐fold increased hazard ratio for FN, and about twofold higher TGN level than NM (P < 0.05). Myelotoxicity was more common in IM than NM (86% vs. 42%, respectively) during cycle 2 (odds ratio = 8.2, P < 0.05). TPMT IM initiated at a standard mercaptopurine dose are at greater risk for FN during early cycles of maintenance therapy, thus our findings support genotype‐guided dose adjustment to reduce toxicity.
Identification and characterization of stripe rust, leaf rust, leaf spot, and common bunt resistance in spring wheat
Authors: Iqbal Muhammad , Semagn Kassa , Randhawa Harpinder , Aboukhaddour Reem , Ciechanowska Izabela , Strenzke Klaus , N'Diaye Amidou , Pozniak Curtis , Spaner Dean 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHundreds of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been reported in diverse types of hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) populations, but direct comparisons of QTLs in different studies and populations are still challenging due to the lack of physical positions for most QTLs. Here, we used the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium (IWGSC) RefSeq v2.0 physical map of all markers to map QTLs associated with leaf spot (Ls), leaf rust (Lr), stripe rust (Yr), and common bunt (Cbt) resistance in two recombinant inbred line populations. QTL mapping was conducted using the IWGSC physical map of 3158 and 5732 markers and disease severity data of Peace/Carberry and Attila/CDC Go populations evaluated in three to eight environments. We uncovered a total of 82 QTLs associated with Yr (36), Ls (18), Lr (15), and Cbt (13) resistance in the individual and overall means of all combined environments. Among them, 29 were associated with all combined environments, which accounted for 0.5%–20.9% individually and 12.4%–41.2% of the total disease severity per trait. Three (QLr.dms‐2D.2, QLs.dms‐5B, and QYr.dms‐5B.2) of the 29 QTLs were common in both populations. Fourteen out of the 29 QTLs were stable as they were identified both in the overall means and most of the individual environments. Ten chromosome arms harbored a cluster of QTLs associated with resistance to two to four diseases. This methodology would serve as one of the resources to compare QTLs identified in different populations and studies based on the improved physical information of all markers instead of population‐specific and consensus linkage maps.
Development of New Plastic‐Crystal Based Electrolytes using Pyrrolidinium‐ Bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide Dicationic Salts
Authors: Abeysooriya Shanika , Lee Minjae , Hwan Kim Seung , O'Dell Luke A. , Pringle Jennifer M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDicationic organic salts are an interesting class of solid‐state electrolyte materials due to their unique structure. Here we present, for the first time, the synthesis and characterization of three dicationic‐FSI salts, 1,2‐bis(N‐methylpyrrolidinium)ethane bi(bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide) ([C2‐Pyrr1][FSI]2), 1,2‐bis(N‐ethylpyrrolidinium)ethane bi(bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide) ([C2‐Pyrr2][FSI]2) and 1,2‐bis(N‐n‐propylpyrrolidinium)ethane bi(bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide) ([C2‐Pyrr3][FSI]2). The structure and dynamics of the organic salts were probed using variable temperature solid‐state NMR and were compared with the thermal and transport properties. The investigation revealed that [C2‐Pyrr1][FSI]2, with shorter alkyl‐side chains on the dication, displayed increased transport properties compared to [C2‐Pyrr2][FSI]2 and [C2‐Pyrr3][FSI]2. To determine the proficiency of these dicationic‐FSI salts as electrolyte materials for battery applications, 10 mol% and 50 mol% lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) was mixed with [C2‐Pyrr1][FSI]2 and [C2‐Pyrr2][FSI]2. Increased transport properties were observed for [C2‐Pyrr1][FSI]2/10 mol % LiFSI in comparison to [C2‐Pyrr2][FSI]2/10 % LiFSI, while pulse field gradient NMR analysis revealed the highest Li+ self‐diffusion ratio for [C2‐Pyrr1][FSI]2/50 % LiFSI out of the four Li‐salt‐containing mixtures.
Biomass‐Derived Carbon Electrodes for High‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Liqiong , Zhang Yujie , Jiao Shenghui , Zhang Junliu , Zhao Xin , Chen Honglei , Jiang Jianchun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSupercapacitors with the performance advantages of high‐power density are emerging materials for energy storage/conversion systems that can combat climate change caused by CO2 emissions and are of importance with the development of electronic products and artificial intelligence. But rationally preparing high‐performance electrode with high mass‐loading quantity remains challenge. Herein, we have opted for chitosan as well‐structured binding agent to combine with active carbon (SSP‐900), a 3D hierarchical micro‐meso‐macro porous biochar previously obtained, to synthesize high mass‐loading freestanding electrode. Especially, the freestanding material (C1000G0.2), owning 0.2 g SSP‐900 and suffering carbonization at 1000 °C exhibits high specific surface area of 389.3 cm2 g−1, and self‐doped N, O (2.75 %, 5.64 %). That awards C1000G0.2 outstanding electrochemical properties, including high specific mass capacitance of 199.2 F g−1, splendid specific area capacitance of 4.37 F cm−2 in 21.93 g cm−2, which is more competitive than conventional freestanding materials. Symmetrical supercapacitor with mass loading of 12 mg is assembled and exhibits large specific capacitance of 65 F g−1, high energy density of 32.5 Wh kg−1 under the power density of 90.4 W kg−1, and capacitance stability of 98 % after 10,000 cycles. The distinguished electrochemical performance of freestanding electrodes supplies prospective application for storing/converting electrical energy from intermittent solar and wind.
Proline/serine‐rich coiled‐coil protein 1 inhibits macrophage inflammation and delays atherosclerotic progression by binding to Annexin A2
Authors: Pan Hangyu , Guo Zhongzhou , Lv Ping , Hu Kexin , Wu Tongwei , Lin Zixiang , Xue Yazhi , Zhang Yanan , Guo Zhigang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtherosclerosis (AS), the main pathological basis of life‐threatening cardiovascular disease, is essentially caused by chronic macrophage inflammation. Overexpression of proline/serine‐rich coiled‐coil protein 1 (PSRC1) reduces macrophage inflammatory responses and delays AS development. However, the exact mechanism of PSRC1 is unclear.MethodsProteins interacting with PSRC1 were screened by proteomics in RAW264.7 cells, followed by RT‒qPCR, immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence to explore the specific mechanistic pathways affecting inflammation. CRISPR‒Cas9 constructs for PSRC1−/−ApoE−/−(DKO) mice and high‐fat diet‐fed ApoE−/− and DKO mice were used for AS models for in vivo experiments. Upstream transcription factors of PSRC1 were predicted by ATAC‐seq, ChIP‐seq and UCSC, and the regulatory mechanism was verified by ChIP‒qPCR and dual luciferase assays. Peripheral blood serum and monocytes were collected from coronary artery disease (CAD) patients and non‐CAD patients.ResultsIncreased binding of ANXA2 to PSRC1 in macrophages under oxidized low‐density lipoprotein stimulation and decreased release of ANXA2 to the extracellular compartment were observed. Knockdown of ANXA2 in AS model mice delayed AS progression. Knockdown of ANXA2 in DKO mice reversed the AS‐promoting effect of PSRC1 knockdown. Mechanistically, ANXA2 promotes STAT3 phosphorylation, which in turn promotes inflammatory responses. In addition, SP1 is a PSRC1 upstream repressive transcription factor, and the SP1 inhibitor mithramycin (Mith) elevated PSRC1 expression and exerted anti‐AS effects in AS model mice. Patients with CAD had considerably greater serum levels of ANXA2 than those without CAD, and Mith reduced the secretion of ANXA2 in peripheral blood monocytes of CAD patients.ConclusionIn macrophages, PSRC1 can interact with ANXA2 to inhibit its extracellular release and delay AS development. SP1 is an upstream transcription factor of PSRC1 and inhibits the transcription of PSRC1. The SP1 inhibitor Mith can elevate PSRC1 levels and slow AS progression while reducing ANXA2 release from monocytes in CAD patients. Mith is expected to be a new agent for AS treatment.
An efficient hybrid strategy for uplink channel estimation in massive MIMO systems based on spatially correlated channels
Authors: Amadid Jamal , Zeroual Abdelouhab 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe channel estimation (CE) process is an important phase that has a considerable influence on the performance of massive multiple‐input multiple‐output systems, in particular, in a more realistic scenario where the channels are spatially correlated (ScD). Thereby, in this work, the uplink (UL) CE process and channel hardening (CH) feature is addressed for ScD Rayleigh fading channels using the statistical Bayesian minimum mean square error estimator. The spatial correlation (SC) of the channels is described using different models, namely, the Gaussian local scattering (GLS) model, the uniform local scattering model, and the proposed hybrid model. Each model (i.e., GLS model and the uniform local scattering model) is studied using two arrangements, that is, for a uniform linear array (ULA) and uniform planar array (UPA). Moreover, the CH feature is investigated under SC of the channels using different models. Furthermore, this study proposes an efficient hybrid strategy based on SC of the channels for UL CE; that is, this work proposes a hybrid covariance matrix (CM) for UPA arrangement by relying on the Kronecker product of the CMs generated through two ULA arrangements, where the first CM is generated through horizontal ULA using GLS model, whereas the second CM is generated through vertical ULA using uniform local scattering model (i.e., one‐ring model). Numerical results regarding CE and CH are provided to assert the theoretical expressions, where the CE is evaluated using the normalized mean square error, whereas the CH is assessed using the variance of CH.
Insufficient/inadequate category in breast cytology: Are the standardized guidelines of rapid on‐site evaluation available to reduce its rate?
Authors: Bharti Jyotsna Naresh , Nigam Jitendra Singh , Rath Ashutosh , Pradeep Immanuel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn 2017, the International Academy of Cytology announced a five‐tier reporting system for breast fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) cytopathology. We observed the insufficient/inadequate cases rate varied from 2.05% to 39.89%, with a risk of malignancy varying from 0% to 60.87%. This wide range of variation poses a significant number of patients at risk due to delay in management. Some authors describe rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE) as a tool to reduce its rate. In this preliminary review, we also observed that there were no uniform guidelines available for ROSE to reduce the insufficient/inadequate category rate. We expect that cytopathologists will construct some uniform guidelines for ROSE in the future, which may help to reduce the rate of category 1.
The cytological features of effusions with mesothelioma in situ: A report of 9 cases
Authors: Michael Claire W. , Bedrossian Carlos C. W. M. , Sadri Navid , Klebe Sonja 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe diagnosis of mesothelioma in situ (MIS) is now accepted by the WHO as a pre‐invasive neoplastic mesothelial proliferation and considered a diagnosis based on histologic evaluation only. Although the definition of MIS includes recurrent effusions, little is known about the cytologic features of such effusions. Since mesothelioma is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage and has a poor prognosis, early detection of a neoplastic mesothelial population in such effusions can potentially have a positive impact on the management of such a dire disease.Materials and MethodsWe reviewed a total of 18 pleural effusions from nine patients with recurrent effusions. Of these, five patients had follow‐up biopsies diagnosed as MIS and the remaining four cases had negative radiology and malignant cytology proven by molecular markers (BAP1, MTAP or CDKN2A deletion) and at least 1 year follow‐up with no overt mass identified by radiology.ResultsInitial effusions may mimic reactive mesothelial hyperplasia or exhibit atypia. As effusions recur, the cellularity and atypia increase and the mesothelial proliferation becomes morphologically indistinguishable from mesothelioma. Molecular alterations diagnostic of mesothelioma can be detected in these effusions, even in the initial‐benign/reactive appearing ones. The cellularity and atypia detected in such effusions surpassed those noted on the biopsies, raising questions regarding the cause of such discrepancy.ConclusionThe diagnosis of MIS can be suspected based on malignant effusion cytology supported by molecular alterations. We propose that the proliferation of neoplastic mesothelial clones represent a clinically silent “liquid phase MIS stage” corresponding to in situ stage in other organs.
Do you get what you see? The illicit doping market in Denmark—An analysis of performance and image enhancing drugs seized by the police over a 1‐year period
Authors: Heinsvig Pia Johansson , Christiansen Ask Vest , Ayoubi Daniel , Heisel Laura Smedegaard , Lindholst Christian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study examines doping products seized by the police in three regional police districts in Denmark from December 2019 to December 2020. The products, often referred to as performance and image‐enhancing drugs (PIEDs), are described in relation to the country of origin, manufacturing company, and the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) stated on the packaging versus the one identified by subsequent chemical analysis. The study also includes a description of the degree of professionalism by which the products appear according to EU requirements. A total of 764 products were seized during the study period. The products originate from 37 countries, mainly located in Asia (37%), Europe (23%), and North America (13%). One hundred ninety‐three different manufacturing companies could be identified from the product packaging. The most frequent compound class was the androgenic anabolic steroids, found in 60% of the products. In 25%–34% of the products, either no or an incorrect API relative to the one stated on the product was found. However, only 7%–10% contain either no API or a compound from a different compound class than the one stated. Most products had a professional appearance fulfilling most EU requirements for packaging information. The study shows that many different companies supply PIEDs to the Danish market and that counterfeit and substandard products are widespread. Many products do, however, appear professional to the user giving an impression of a high‐quality product. Although many products are substandard, they most often contain an API from the same compound class as the one labeled.