bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Technique of Suturing Sclerotomy in Pars Plana Vitrectomy
Authors: Muaz Abdullah , Jamil Ahmad Zeeshan , Jamil Muhammad Hannan , Rizwan Muhammad , Iqbal Kashif 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To describe a new technique of suturing sclerotomy after 23- gauge pars plana vitrectomy using10 – 0 nylon suture with releasable knot.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Sahiwal Teaching Hospital, Sahiwal, from January 2022 to June 2022.
Methods: 10 – 0 nylon sutures with releasable knots were applied to close the sclerotomy after 23 – gauge pars plana vitrectomy in 100 cases. Complications like hypotony and wound leakage were recorded. Intra ocular pressures on 1st post-operative day and after 1 week were monitored. Inflammation at suture site, pain experienced by the patient and surgeon’s convenience of suture removal under a slit lamp after 1 week were documented.
Results: Patients included 58 women and 42 men. Post-operatively, there was no wound leakage and hypotony in any patient, with mean intra ocular pressure of 13.5 ± 2.0 mmHg on 1st post-operative day and 17.6 ± .0.5 mmHg after 1 week of surgery. In 4% cases inflammation was observed at suture site. The mean pain score, measured according to visual analogue scale, at post-operative day 1 and day 7 was 1.25 ± 1.19 and 1.08 ± 0.99 respectively. No discomfort was reported during removal of releasable sutures in 96% of the patients. Surgeon found it convenient to remove the sutures under slit lamp illumination.
Conclusion: Closure of 23 – gauge sclerotomy using nylon 10 – 0 suture with releasable knot is a useful option. It prevents post-operative wound leakage and hypotony.
Exploring the Assessment Tool ICO OSCAR. A Comparison of Reliability of Whole of the Operation with Its Parts
Authors: Shoaib Khawaja Khalid , Scopes Judy , Mubarik Zunaira , Azhar Fiza , Mehmud Amna 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To compare the reliability of Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric (ICO-OSCAR: phaco) between assessment of whole of the operation and its parts.
Study Design: Mixed method study design.
Place and Duration of Study: Mughal Eye Hospital, Lahore from January 2020 to January 2021.
Methods: Three raters assessed six anonymized phaco video operations with the help of ICO OSCAR phaco first as whole operations and then as parts of the operation. Inter rater reliability of the assessments of parts of the operation were compared with inter rater reliability of whole of the operation. Intra class coefficient (ICC) was used in SPSS – version 20. Raters also filled a survey form to detect how satisfied they were with the rubric. Raters’ feedback was taken to describe shortcomings/faults found during the use of ICO OSCAR phaco form.
Results: In the quantitative part, the ICC for the combined parts of the operation (0.910) was better than the value of ICC for the whole operation (0.904). In the questionnaire part, raters were satisfied with ICO OSCAR phaco rubric as a useful tool for learning and assessment of phacoemulsification surgical skills. In the qualitative part, many deficiencies were observed by the assessors in the rubric during videos analysis with the rubric ICO OSCAR phaco. This rubric is more accurate for assessment of operations in the operation theater.
Conclusion: Parts of the operations can be used instead of the whole operations for the assessment of surgical skills of phacoemulsification with the help of ICO OSCAR phaco rubric. For assessment of videos, it requires some modifications as it is more valid for the assessment of surgical skills during live surgery than in operation theater.
Correlation between Central Corneal Thickness and Intraocular Pressure: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Alberta Ivana Beatrice , Ernawati Titiek , Rofiq Rofiqi 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To find out correlation between Central Corneal Thickness (CCT) and Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP).
Study Design: Observational Correlational study.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in Ophthalmology Clinic Primasatya Husada Citra Hospital Surabaya from September 2021 to October 2021.
Methods: One hundred and fifteen subjects were selected through consecutive sampling. Patients of 20-60 years age and visiting ophthalmology clinic were included. Patients with history of glaucoma, hypertension, body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m2, under steroid treatment (topical, systemic, peri ocular, inhalation), undergone eye surgery including corneal and refractive surgery, smoker (> 100 cigarettes in his/her life and is still smoking), Alcoholic (> 1 time/month), chronic kidney disease (CKD) and myopia (> 6 diopters) were excluded. Association between CCT and IOP was calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient.
Results: A total 115 patients were included, 69 (60%) females and 46 (40.0%) males. Mean age was 35.78 ± 11.64 years old. Mean CCT was 550.26 ± 31.66 µm and 551.43 ± 34.92 µm for right and left eye respectively. IOP was 16.06 ± 3.71 mmHg and 15.76 ± 3.52 mmHg in right and left eyes respectively. There was a moderate positive relationship of CCT and IOP. There was a good relationship between right and left “IOP (R = 0.830, p = 0.000) and CCT (R = 0.856, p = 0.000).”
Conclusion: CCT had a moderate positive correlation with IOP (right eyes: R = 0.355, p = 0.000; left eyes: R = 0.381, P = 0.000). There is a positive relationship between CCT and IOP in both eyes (p = 0.000).
Assessment of Safety, Efficacy and Predictability of a Trifocal Intraocular Lens
Authors: Girgis Marian , Osman Amr , Eissa Sherif A. , Anis Mohamed , Barrada Omar A. , Hasaballah Mohamed 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the performance and the visual outcomes of Acrysof PanOptix trifocal IOL in terms of safety, efficacy, predictability and assessment of the quality of vision after implantation as regards; contrast sensitivity and ocular aberrations.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Dar el Ouyon hospital and Rowad Correction Center, Egypt, from September 2019 and January 2020.
Methods: Forty eyes of twenty-one patients with senile cataract were included by convenient sampling. All eyes underwent phacoemulsification with IOL implantation. They were divided into two groups; group A included twenty eyes of eleven patients who were implanted AcrySof IQ PanOptix trifocal IOL Model TFNT00. Group B included twenty eyes of ten patients who were implanted monofocal AcrySof IOLs as a control group. A questionnaire was given to every patient after explaining to him\her the questions in Arabic, and clarifying the aim of evaluation.
Results: Mean age was 56.6 ± 6.9 years in group A and 62.8 ± 7.1 years in group B, range 50 – 70 (P = 0.861). We found statistical significant difference between both groups with group A showing better post operative uncorrected distance, intermediate, near, and best corrected near visual acuity (P values were 0.001, 0.556, 0.001, 0.177, 0.001, 0.001 respectively). Group B showed statistically significant better post operative contrast sensitivity compared to group A.
Conclusion: In this study, Acrysof PanOptix trifocal IOL showed excellent safety, efficacy, predictability and spectacle independence at all distances, However, contrast sensitivity was compromised in comparison to the monofocal group.
Outcomes of Intravitreal Bevacizumab Combined with Suprachoroidal Triamcinolone Acetonide in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion with Macular Edema
Authors: Salah-ud-din  , Jan Sanaullah , Mahsood Yousaf Jamal , Shahnam Tariq , Khalil Zia-ud-Din 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To determine the outcomes of intravitreal Bevacizumab 1.25 mg in 0.05 ml combined with supra-choroidal triamcinolone acetonide 0.05 ml in terms of safety and efficacy, while treating macular edema associated with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).
Study Design: Interventional case series.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at ophthalmology department of Hayatabad medical complex, Peshawar from July 2021 to December 2021.
Methods: Total 34 patients of CRVO with macular edema were included in the study. After complete ocular examination each patient received one injection of intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 ml) along with supra-choroidal triamcinolone acetonide (2 mg/0.05 ml), followed by similar monthly injections for two months. Visual acuity and central macular thickness and intra-ocular pressure (IOP) were assessed at presentation and then monthly for 3 months. Visual acuity was measured in Log-MAR, central foveal thickness on SD-OCT and IOP was measured with Goldmann Applanation Tonometer. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 24. For comparison of means, the paired-t test was used. A significance level of <0.05 was set for significance.
Results: There were 22 (64.7%) males and 12 (35.5%) females. Mean age of the patients was 53.18 ± 13.39 years. Central foveal thickness decreased significantly at 3 months post treatment (p ˂ 0.001). Visual acuity also significantly increased from presentation to 3rd month post treatment (p ˂ 0.001), and the intra-ocular pressure remained within normal range from presentation to 3rd month post treatment.
Conclusion: Both supra-choroidal triamcinolone acetonide and intravitreal bevacizumab are safe and effective in the treatment of macular edema secondary to CRVO.
Evaluation of the effects of electronic cigarettes on the tear film of Smokers using Keratograph and SM Tube
Authors: Alshammeri Saleh 
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of e-cigarettes on tear film by comparing the tear film parameters of smokers and non-smokers using Keratograph and SM Tube.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Qasim University, from Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A total of 60 males of age group 20 – 38 years were divided into three groups (Twenty non-smokers, 20 tobacco smokers and 20 vapor users). After consent, dry eye symptoms questionnaire was given to the participants. Four different test parameters through the Keratograph (5M JENVIS). Tear meniscus height, non-invasive tear break-up time, ocular redness and lipid layer thickness were measured. The new strip menis cometry tube (SM Tube) was used to test tear production. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) with p value of less than 0.05 considered as significant.
Results: The average tear breakup time was significantly decreased in both smokers and vapors group (10.15 ± 1.92 and 10.25 ± 2.65 respectively) than in nonsmokers (13.35 ± 2.36). There was also statistically significant difference in tear meniscus height, redness and lipid layer thickness between e-smokers and non-smokers(p > 0.05). The difference in these parameters was statistically non-significant between smokers and e-cigarette users.
Conclusion: E-cigarettes cause low tear breakup time, less tear volume and other dry eye parameters, which leads to dry eye. There is a need for strict checks and balances on E-cigarette consumption for controlling cases of vision impairments related with e-cigarettes.
Challenging the Dogma – It Takes 5 Years for Visual Field Defects to Appear After Glaucoma Damage
Authors: Zia Rashid , Ali Kashif 
Published: April 2023

Recently, I had an opportunity to observe a postgraduate evaluation. One of the questions was; how long does it take for a visual field defect to appear in glaucoma? The favoured answer was 5 years. This led me to ponder on the authenticity of this commonly taught concept.
Conceptually, all glaucoma patients progress, albeit at different rates and their rate of change is the most objective measure to guide treatment decisions and interventions. A rate of progression resulting in significant decrease in vision related quality in a patient's lifetime requires expert input and many a times an aggressive management.
BADANIA Z BIBLIOLOGII I INFORMATOLOGII W ŚWIETLE WYPOWIEDZI REPREZENTANTÓW TEJ DYSCYPLINY
Authors: GŁOWACKA EWA , WOŹNIAK-KASPEREK JADWIGA 
Published: April 2023

Teza/cel – badanie miało trzy cele: 1) stworzenie mapy pól i ob- szarów badawczych bibliologii i informatologii eksplorowanych przez badaczy identyfikujących się jako bibliolodzy i/lub informatolodzy; 2) poznanie nowych pól i obszarów badawczych, m.in. będących rezultatem przynależności badacza do nauk o komunikacji społecznej i mediach lub do innej dyscypliny naukowej; 3) poznanie najistotniejszych aktualnych problemów badaczy. Metody badań – badanie ankietowe, analiza statystyczna; dane pozyskano z kwestionariuszy an- kiety oraz z dostępnych źródeł otwartych. Wyniki – na mapie pól i obszarów badawczych bibliologii i informatologii dominują: bibliologia historyczna, orga- nizacja i zarządzanie informacją i wiedzą oraz zachowania użytkowników infor- macji i mediów. Znacząca część zadeklarowanych nowych tematów badawczych nie wykazuje istotnego związku z pojawieniem się NoKSiM. Wśród problemów doświadczanych przez badaczy dominuje „wymuszona” przynależność do dys- cyplin innych niż NoKSiM oraz brak możliwości przeznaczenia wystarczającej ilości czasu na pracę stricte badawczą. Wnioski – niezbędne jest podjęcie refleksji nad osobliwością badań bibliologicznych i informatologicznych w nowych re- aliach organizacji nauki, nad ich przyszłością i programem badawczym.
ZASTOSOWANIE ANALIZY DOMENY WIEDZY DO ROZPOZNANIA STANU BADAŃ NAD KULTURĄ CYFROWĄ. MOŻLIWOŚCI I PROBLEMY NA PRZYKŁADZIE BAZY SCOPUS
Authors: OSIŃSKI ZBIGNIEW 
Published: April 2023

Teza/cel artykułu – Celem badań było zbadanie domeny wiedzy „Di- gital Culture” na podstawie danych bibliograficznych z bazy Scopus, z uwzględ- nieniem aspektów ontologicznych, epistemologicznych i socjologicznych tejże domeny. Metody – Przeprowadzono analizę domeny wiedzy, opierając się na danych bibliograficznych z lat 1976-2022 oraz o informacje o liczbie cytowań. Wyniki/wnioski – Ustalono, że domena wiedzy kultura cyfrowa, ma charak- ter wybitnie multi- i interdyscyplinarny. Różne jej aspekty badane są nie tylko przez humanistów, lecz także przez przedstawicieli nauk społecznych, zwłaszcza ekonomii i nauk o zarządzaniu oraz psychologii i informatyki. Badania kultury cyfrowej rozwijają się od początków wieku XXI, jednakże w dalszym ciągu jest to domena niszowa. Zagadnieniami typ: Internet, cyfrowe technologie, cyfrowa sztuka, cyfrowa humanistyka oraz cyfrowa alfabetyzacja zajmuje się niewielka grupa badaczy uczelni w USA, Wielkiej Brytanii, Brazylii, Australii i Hiszpanii. Analiza danych bibliograficznych podpowiada, które publikacje wywarły na tyle istotny wpływ na rozwój badań kultury cyfrowej, by poszukać w nich kwestii epistemologicznych właściwych dla tego obszaru badań.
Verbal Taboos in Acehnese Language: Meaning, Function, and Euphemism
Authors: Nasution Jamaluddin , Pujiono Mhd. , Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: April 2023

This research is aimed to list verbal taboo of Acehnese language and to explain reasons behind then to create a model of language revitalization as well as to propose the pattern of euphemism in maintaining norms and values to minimize language conflict. The research is qualitative description in which the data was taken by recording technique, note-taking technique on the conversations of residents at the location in Banda Aceh. The findings of the research are taboo words in Acehnese language, they are: 1) Bodies and their effluvia (toh èk replaced to jak u likôt, lagèe èk leubô should be unsaid/unspoken); 2) The organs and acts of sex, micturition and defecation (boh krèh, aneuk tét should be unsaid/unspoken, mik/mom replaced gunong); 3) Diseases, death and killing including hunting and fishing (maté replaced to meuninggai, ka geutinggai geutanyoe, ka geuwoe bak Allah, lé that eungkôt replaced to na rezeki uroe nyoe, cacar replaced to sakét mangat) ; 4) Naming, addressing, touching and viewing persons and sacred beings, objects and places (du replaced to ayah/abu/abi/bapak, ma relapced to mak/umi/mami/bunda, kah replaced to kak/cupo/da, nan replaced to aduen/abang/bang, macut/makcék, mawa, deumi Allah should be unsaid/unspoken, aneuk haramjadah should be unsaid/unspoken, buya replaced to teungku waki, tikôh replaced to nyak ti/po ti, rimueng replaced to nèk/yah nek/rumpoe tempat, gajah replaced teungku rayek); and 5) Food gathering, preparation and consumption (it is not found). This study implies to create the euphemism formulas in avoiding language conflict, then the study of taboo is not seen just only from linguistical aspect but also from culture and human’s habit by discussing taboos from sociolinguistic as well as pragmasemantic.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DAS PRÁTICAS INTEGRATIVAS E COMPLEMENTARES EM SAÚDE (PICS) EM UMA MATERNIDADE DO SUL DO BRASIL : RELATO DO ROTEIRO DE UMA TRILHA PARA A AUTENTICAÇÃO DAS CURAS HOLÍSTICAS
Authors: Gallego Gomez Julia , Einsfeld Mattos Ana Carolina 
Published: April 2023

As Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PICs) representam uma opção alternativa à atenção e promoção à saúde. Concebendo o ser humano como um ser holístico e integrado à natureza, as PICs preconizam o cuidado, não só na dimensão biológica ou física, mas também na emocional e espiritual. Este trabalho objetiva descrever a implantação do Programa de PICs numa maternidade pública do Sul do Brasil. Realizou-se um relato da experiência sobre a implementação destas práticas. Observou-se que apesar de ter a Política Nacional de Terapias Integrativas e Complementares no Brasil, a sua implementação na Alta e Média Complexidade apresenta muitos desafios. Desta forma, documentar as ações que estão sendo feitas em estabelecimentos de saúde é uma forma de contribuir com outras experiências e com o conhecimento sobre o tema, e incentivar a utilização das PICs para que mais pessoas possam ter estas opções de cuidado.
Strategi Rekrutmen Dan Seleksi Tenaga Pendidik Untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan Di Madrasah Bertaraf Internasional (MBI) Amanatul Ummah
Authors: Nazil Fahmi Ainun 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : (1) Menganalisis perencanaan rekrutmen dan seleksi tenaga pendidik untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di MBI Amanatul Ummah, Pacet – Mojokerto. (2) Mendeskripsikan strategi rekrutmen dan seleksi tenaga pendidik untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di MBI Amanatul Ummah, Pacet Mojokerto. (3) Menganalisis proses evaluasi pelaksanaan rekrutmen dan seleksi pada tenaga pendidik dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di MBI Amanatul Ummah, Pacet – Mojokerto. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian ini metode penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini didapati secara langsung. Dengan melakukan wawancara kepada pihak terkait untuk memperoleh data yang berkaitan dengan Strategi rekrutmen dan seleksi tenaga pendidik untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan di Madrasah Bertaraf Internasional (MBI) Amanatul Ummah Pacet Mojokerto. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa : 1) Proses kegiatan rekrutmen di MBI Amanatul Ummah Pacet Mojokerto melalui pihak wakil koordinator bidang keguruan dan kepegawaian dengan membuka lowongan pekerjaan atau calon tenaga pendidik melalui sitem getok tular dalam artian langsung memberitahu kepada guru-guru senior agar menyiapkan tenaga pendidik baru sesuai dengan kebutuhan mata pelajaran yang akan diajarkan. 2) Proses pelaksanaan strategi rekrutmen meliputi kegiatan tes tertulis, tes baca kitab kuning, tes keaswajaan, tes baca Al-Qur’an, sesuai prosedur yang disiapkan oleh pihak keguruan. Proses strategi rekrutmen di MBI Amanatul Ummah mengedepankan tujuan utama yaitu menyeleksi tenaga pendidik yang berkualitas, bertintegritas serta berpaham Ahlu Sunnah wal Jama’ah. 3) Proses evaluasi pelaksanaan kegiatan rekruktmen di MBI Amanatul Ummah Pacet, Mojokerto tidak menemukan kendala
Analysis of Government Expenditures, Private Investment and Gross Regional Domestic Products on Absorption of Labor in Kalimantan
Authors: BUBI BUBI , ZAKIAH WIWIN , MARPAUNG KARMEN 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of government expenditures, private investment, and Gross Regional Domestic Products, on absorption of labor in Kalimantan. This research is in the form of descriptive analysis using secondary data in the form of panel data from 2005-2016 obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics with data consisting of government expenditures, private investment, GRDP, and absorption of labor. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the Multiple Linear Regression analysis method. The results showed that government expenditure did not significantly influence employment, private investment has a positive and significant influence on employment, GRDP has a significant and positive influence on employment. Then simultaneously government expenditure, private investment, and GRDP have a positive and significant influence on employment.
Evaluation of the Antidiarrhoeal Activity of Aqueous Stem Bark Extract of Terminalia catappa in Castor oil-induced Diarrhoeal Albino Rats
Authors: Ahmed Maryam , Umaru Isaac , David Hope , Titus Diowato 
Published: April 2023

Diarrhoeal illness remains a key global health problem causing 15% of deaths among children under five years of age. This study evaluated the antidiarrhoeal activity of Terminalia catappa aqueous stem bark extract on albino rats. Antidiarrhoeal activity of T. catappa was assessed by measuring the stool inhibition, gastrointestinal motility and castor oil-induced enteropooling. Thirty (30) albino rats were divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each, where groups I and II remained the normal and negative control groups respectively; group III was treated with standard drug, groups IV, V and VI were treated with 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg b. wt. of aqueous stem bark extract of T. catappa, respectively. Percentage stool inhibition of treated groups was significantly greater than that of the negative control. However, group II treated with standard drug (loperamide) showed higher percentage inhibition. The volume of intestinal fluid decreased with increase in dose of the extract. The volume of intestinal fluid of the group treated with standard drug significantly decreased when compared to group treated with extract. Distance travelled by the charcoal significantly decreased at higher dose of extract. Aqueous stem bark extract of T. catappa has a dose-dependent antidiarrhoeal activity.

Keywords: Stool inhibition, diarrhoea, enteropooling, gastrointestinal motility, Terminalia catappa
Frequency of ABO incompatibility as a cause of neonatal jaundice in neonatal unit of Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad
Authors: Ilyas Adeela , Inamullah Inamullah , Mehmood Iffat , Jehanzeb Sadia , Jan Naqib 
Published: April 2023

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common problem encountered by neonatologists. After prevention of Rh-isoimmunization ABO incompatibility has become the most common cause of hemolysis. For infants delivered of 35 weeks gestation or later ABO incompatibility have been found to be the major risk factors for development of severe hyperbilirubinemia. Objective: To assess the frequency of ABO incompatibility as a cause of neonatal jaundice. Methodology: The current study was Cross-sectional descriptive study carried out at the Neonatal units of Ayub teaching hospital, Abbottabad. Study was carried out over a period of six months from 01-06-2011 to 30-11-2011. The calculated sample size based on using the WHO software was 246 patients. Investigations were done regarding mother and baby’s blood group, serum bilirubin levels (total, direct and indirect). Data was entered into computer using SPSS version 10. Results: A total of 246 neonates were included in this study. Mean age of the neonates was 4.62±4.09. Males were 157 (63.8%) and females were 89 (36.2%).