bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enzyme‐Triggered l‐α/d‐Peptide Hydrogels as a Long‐Acting Injectable Platform for Systemic Delivery of HIV/AIDS Drugs
Authors: Coulter Sophie M. , Pentlavalli Sreekanth , Vora Lalitkumar K. , An Yuming , Cross Emily R. , Peng Ke , McAulay Kate , Schweins Ralf , Donnelly Ryan F. , McCarthy Helen O. , Laverty Garry 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEradicating HIV/AIDS by 2030 is a central goal of the World Health Organization. Patient adherence to complicated dosage regimens remains a key barrier. There is a need for convenient long‐acting formulations that deliver drugs over sustained periods. This paper presents an alternative platform, an injectable in situ forming hydrogel implant to deliver a model antiretroviral drug (zidovudine [AZT]) over 28 days. The formulation is a self‐assembling ultrashort d or l‐α peptide hydrogelator, namely phosphorylated (naphthalene‐2‐ly)‐acetyl‐diphenylalanine‐lysine‐tyrosine‐OH (NapFFKY[p]‐OH), covalently conjugated to zidovudine via an ester linkage. Rheological analysis demonstrates phosphatase enzyme instructed self‐assembly, with hydrogels forming within minutes. Small angle neutron scattering data suggest hydrogels form narrow radius (≈2 nm), large length fibers closely fitting the flexible cylinder elliptical model. d‐Peptides are particularly promising for long‐acting delivery, displaying protease resistance for 28 days. Drug release, via hydrolysis of the ester linkage, progress under physiological conditions (37 °C, pH 7.4, H2O). Subcutaneous administration of Napffk(AZT)Y[p]G‐OH in Sprague Dawley rats demonstrate zidovudine blood plasma concentrations within the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) range (30–130 ng mL−1) for 35 days. This work is a proof‐of‐concept for the development of a long‐acting combined injectable in situ forming peptide hydrogel implant. These products are imperative given their potential impact on society.
Bone‐Targeted Exosomes: Strategies and Applications
Authors: Wang Jian , Li Xiaoqun , Wang Sicheng , Cui Jin , Ren Xiaoxiang , Su Jiacan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs the global population ages, bone‐related diseases have increasingly become a major social problem threatening human health. Exosomes, as natural cell products, have been used to treat bone‐related diseases due to their superior biocompatibility, biological barrier penetration, and therapeutic effects. Moreover, the modified exosomes exhibit strong bone‐targeting capabilities that may improve efficacy and avoid systemic side effects, demonstrating promising translational potential. However, a review of bone‐targeted exosomes is still lacking. Thus, the recently developed exosomes for bone‐targeting applications in this review are focused. The biogenesis and bone‐targeting regulatory functions of exosomes, the constructive strategies of modified exosomes to improve bone‐targeting, and their therapeutic effects for bone‐related diseases are introduced. By summarizing developments and challenges in bone‐targeted exosomes, It is striven to shed light on the selection of exosome constructive strategies for different bone diseases and highlight their translational potential for future clinical orthopedics.
Harnessing Nanomaterials for Cancer Sonodynamic Immunotherapy
Authors: Liang Shuang , Yao Jianjun , Liu Dan , Rao Lang , Chen Xiaoyuan , Wang Zhaohui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractImmunotherapy has made remarkable strides in cancer therapy over the past decade. However, such emerging therapy still suffers from the low response rates and immune‐related adverse events. Various strategies have been developed to overcome these serious challenges. Therein, sonodynamic therapy (SDT), as a non‐invasive treatment, has received ever‐increasing attention especially in the treatment of deep‐seated tumors. Significantly, SDT can effectively induce immunogenic cell death to trigger systemic anti‐tumor immune response, termed sonodynamic immunotherapy. The rapid development of nanotechnology has revolutionized SDT effects with robust immune response induction. As a result, more and more innovative nanosonosensitizers and synergistic treatment modalities are established with superior efficacy and safe profile. In this review, the recent advances in cancer sonodynamic immunotherapy are summarized with a particular emphasis on how nanotechnology can be explored to harness SDT for amplifying anti‐tumor immune response. Moreover, the current challenges in this field and the prospects for its clinical translation are also presented. It is anticipated that this review can provide rational guidance and facilitate the development of nanomaterials‐assisted sonodynamic immunotherapy, helping to pave the way for next‐generation cancer therapy and eventually achieve a durable response in patients.
Liquid Metal Droplets‐Based Elastomers from Electric Toothbrush‐Inspired Revolving Microfluidics
Authors: Wang Yu , Li Jinbo , Sun Lingyu , Chen Hanxu , Ye Fangfu , Zhao Yuanjin , Shang Luoran 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLiquid metal (LM)‐based elastomers have a demonstrated value in flexible electronics. Attempts in this area include the development of multifunctional LM‐based elastomers with controllable morphology, superior mechanical performances, and great stability. Herein, inspired by the working principle of electric toothbrushes, a revolving microfluidic system is presented for the generation of LM droplets and construction of desired elastomers. The system involves revolving modules assembled by a needles array and 3D microfluidic channels. LM droplets can be generated with controllable size in a high‐throughput manner due to the revolving motion‐derived drag force. It is demonstrated that by employing a poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) matrix as the collection phase, the generated LM droplets can act as conductive fillers for the construction of flexible electronics directly. The resultant LM droplets‐based elastomers exhibit high mechanical strength, stable electrical performance, as well as superior self‐healing property benefiting from the dynamic exchangeable urea bond of the polymer matrix. Notably, due to the flexible programmable feature of the LM droplets embedded within the elastomers, various patterned LM droplets‐based elastomers can be easily achieved. These results indicate that the proposed microfluidic LM droplets‐based elastomers have a great potential for promoting the development of flexible electronics.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Cyclization of a Pyryne Precursor to Higher Pyrenylenes
Authors: Popp Dennis , Elbert Sven M. , Barwig Chantal , Petry Julian , Rominger Frank , Mastalerz Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe palladium catalyzed cyclotrimerization of ortho‐silylaryl triflates as aryne precursors is meanwhile an established method to synthesize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with triphenylene cores. During the palladium‐catalyzed reaction of a pyrene with an o‐silylaryl triflate moiety in the K‐region higher homologues with central eight‐ and ten‐membered rings (the pyrenylenes) were found, besides the expected trimer and a protocol was developed to isolate all members of this series. This unprecedented new class of PAHs was fully investigated by all means, including X‐ray diffraction of single‐crystals, UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Supported by density‐functional theory (DFT) calculations, a mechanism of all higher cyclooligomers is proposed.
Catalyst‐Free Photochemical Activation of Peroxymonosulfate in Xanthene‐Rich Systems for Fenton‐Like Synergistic Decontamination: Efficacy of Proton Transfer Process
Authors: Qin Fanzhi , Almatrafi Eydhah , Zhang Chen , Huang Danlian , Tang Lin , Duan Abing , Qin Deyu , Luo Hanzhuo , Zhou Chengyun , Zeng Guangming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCatalyst‐free visible light assisted Fenton‐like catalysis offers opportunities to achieve the sustainable water decontamination, but the synergistic decontamination mechanisms are still unclear, especially the effect of proton transfer process (PTP). The conversion of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in photosensitive dye‐enriched system was detailed. The photo‐electron transfer between excited dye and PMS triggered the efficient activation of PMS and enhanced the production of reactive species. Photochemistry behavior analysis and DFT calculations revealed that PTP was the crucial factor to determine the decontamination performance, leading to the transformation of dye molecules. The excitation process inducing activation of whole system was composed of low energy excitations, and the electrons and holes were almost contributed by LUMO and HOMO. This work provided new ideas for the design of catalyst‐free sustainable system for efficient decontamination.
A Quenched Size‐Expanded Nucleotide Reports Activity of the Leukemia Biomarker Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT)**
Authors: Pals Mathijs J. , Velema Willem A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTerminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase (TdT) is a template‐independent DNA polymerase that plays an essential role in the human adaptive immune system and is upregulated in several types of leukemia. It has therefore gained interest as a leukemia biomarker and potential therapeutic target. Herein, we describe a FRET‐quenched fluorogenic probe based on a size‐expanded deoxyadenosine that reports directly on TdT enzymatic activity. The probe enables real‐time detection of primer extension and de novo synthesis activity of TdT and displays selectivity over other polymerase and phosphatase enzymes. Importantly, TdT activity and its response to treatment with a promiscuous polymerase inhibitor could be monitored in human T‐lymphocyte cell extract and Jurkat cells using a simple fluorescence assay. Finally, employing the probe in a high‐throughput assay resulted in the identification of a non‐nucleoside TdT inhibitor.
Lithium Aluminium Hydride and Metallic Iron: A Powerful Team in Alkene and Arene Hydrogenation Catalysis
Authors: Knüpfer Christian , Färber Christian , Langer Jens , Harder Sjoerd 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlkenes that normally do not react with LiAlH4 (3‐hexene, cyclohexene, 1‐Me‐cyclohexene), can be reduced to the corresponding alkanes by a mixture of LiAlH4 and Fe0 (the iron was activated by Metal‐Vapour‐Synthesis). This alkene‐to‐alkane conversion with a stoichiometric quantity of LiAlH4/Fe0 does not need quenching with water or acids, implying that both H's originate from LiAlH4. The LiAlH4/Fe0 combination is also a remarkably potent cooperative catalyst for hydrogenation of multi‐substituted alkenes and benzene or toluene. An induction period of circa two hours and the minimally required temperature of 120 °C, suggests that the actual catalyst is a combination of Fe0 and the decomposition product of LiAlH4 (LiH and Al0). A thermally pre‐activated LiAlH4/Fe0 catalyst did not need an induction time and is also active at room temperature and 1 bar H2. A combination of AliBu3 and Fe0 is an even more active hydrogenation catalyst. Without pre‐activation, tetra‐substituted alkenes like Me2C=CMe2 and toluene could be fully hydrogenated.
Lewis‐Pairing‐Induced Electrochemiluminescence Enhancement from Electron Donor‐Acceptor Diads Decorated with Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane as an Electrochemical Protector
Authors: Ikeda Takashi , Tahara Keishiro , Ishimatsu Ryoichi , Ono Toshikazu , Cui Luxia , Maeda Momoka , Ozawa Yoshiki , Abe Masaaki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study reports an effective peripheral decoration of organic donor‐acceptor diads with B(C6F5)3 for stabilizing electrogenerated radical ions. By employing a common p‐type organic semiconductor benzothienobenzothiophene (BTBT) as the donor, tetracoordinate boron complexes showed improved solution electrochemiluminescence (ECL) intensity, reaching a 156‐fold increase compared to that of the parent diad. The unprecedented Lewis‐pairing‐induced ECL enhancement is attributed to the multiple roles of B(C6F5)3: 1) redistributing frontier orbitals, 2) facilitating electrochemical excitation, and 3) restricting molecular motions. Furthermore, B(C6F5)3 converted the molecular arrangement of BTBT from conventional 2D herringbones into 1D π‐stacks. This robust, highly ordered columnar nanostructure allowed red‐shifting of the crystalline film ECL with electrochemical doping through the electronic coupling pathways of BTBT. Our approach will facilitate the development of elaborate metal‐free ECL systems.
Effect of feed spacer geometric design in a spiral wound module of reverse osmosis process on the removal of dimethyl phenol from wastewater. Simulation‐based model
Authors: Al‐Obaidi Mudhar A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe reverse osmosis (RO) technology has engaged in the removal of a wide set of pollutants including dimethylphenol at a high rejection. The goal of this research is to explore the influence of spacer geometric design on the performance metrics of an individual spiral wound module of RO process to eliminate dimethylphenol from wastewater. The study entails the embedding of an author's model developed to envisage the performance of a spiral wound membrane‐based wastewater treatment with a detailed model of feed spacer (collected from the open literature) utilised to characterise the pressure drop along the feed channel. A comprehensive simulation study is conducted to observe the impact of feed flow rate on the energy dissipation and mass transfer coefficient of several selected feed spacers of different design characteristics. Accordingly, the consequence of feed spacer design parameters was analysed on the performance metrics of RO process including the dimethylphenol rejection and water recovery. It is found that the angle of flow diversion, voidage, and feed spacer height have a considerable effect on the pressure drop, mass transfer coefficient, and axial velocity, which accordingly affect the overall performance indicators. The results show the success of feed spacers 80MIL‐1 and 80MIL‐2 to gain the highest dimethylphenol rejection and associated water recovery.
Synthesis of spinnable melamine formaldehyde resin prepolymer using ionic liquid and performance regulation of melamine fibers
Authors: Yang Rongtao , Sun Yikai , Wu Yuxing , Wang Binqi , Song Yungang , Sheng Zhaoquan , Yang Chunyu , Gao Hongshuai , Nie Yi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn order to address the poor spinnability of melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin spinning dope, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium diethylphosphate ([Emim]DEP)/H2O solution is first used as the solvent to synthesize MF resin prepolymer (pre‐MF) solution. The pre‐MF solution can be directly spun into fibers without any fiber‐forming agent. The influence of synthetic parameters, such as reaction time and temperature, the mass ratio of [Emim]DEP to H2O, and solid content, on the fiber properties are investigated systematically. The results show that [Emim]DEP demonstrates a key role in regulating the molecular weight and distribution of pre‐MF solution, which plays transfer catalyst effect during the synthesis process. Furthermore, programmed heating is the most helpful for the linear growth of the molecular in the initial stage of curing and the formation of the final cross‐linked structure. The fibers obtained under optimal conditions have excellent mechanical properties, with fracture strength of 323.8 MPa and elongation at break of 7.2%. This work provides a novel synthesis method of pre‐MF solution to prepare high‐performance MF fibers.
Cetuximab as third‐line rechallenge plus either irinotecan or avelumab is an effective treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer patients with baseline plasma RAS/BRAF wild‐type circulating tumor DNA: Individual patient data pooled analysis of CRICKET and CAVE trials
Authors: Martini G. , Ciardiello D. , Famiglietti V. , Rossini D. , Antoniotti C. , Troiani T. , Napolitano S. , Esposito L. , Latiano T. P. , Maiello E. , Del Re M. , Lonardi S. , Aprile G. , Santini D. , Masi G. , Avallone A. , Normanno N. , Pietrantonio F. , Pinto C. , Ciardiello F. , Cremolini C. , Martinelli E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe rechallenge strategy is based on the concept that a subset of patients with RAS wild‐type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) could still benefit of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition, after progression to an anti‐EGFR based‐therapy. We performed a pooled analysis of two‐phase II prospective trials to determine the role of rechallenge in third‐line mCRC patients with RAS/BRAF WT baseline circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Individual data of 33 and 13 patients from CAVE and CRICKET trials that received as third‐line therapy cetuximab rechallenge were collected. Overall survival (OS), Progression‐free survival (PFS), Overall response rate (ORR), Stable disease (SD) >6 months were calculated. Adverse events were reported. For the whole 46 patient population, median PFS (mPFS) was 3.9 months (95% Confidence Interval, CI 3.0–4.9) with median OS (mOS) of 16.9 months (95% CI 11.7–22.1). For CRICKET patients, mPFS was 3.9 months (95% CI 1.7–6.2); mOS was 13.1 months (95% CI 7.3–18.9) with OS rates at 12, 18, and 24 months of 62%, 23%, and 0%, respectively. For CAVE patients, mPFS was 4.1 months (95% CI 3.0–5.2); mOS was 18.6 months (95% CI 11.7–25.4) with OS rates at 12, 18, 24 months of 61%, 52%, 21%, respectively. Skin rash was more frequently reported in CAVE trial (87.9% vs. 30.8%; p = 0.001), whereas a increased incidence of hematological toxicities was observed in CRICKET trial (53.8%% vs. 12.1%; p = 0.003). Third‐line cetuximab rechallenge in combination with either irinotecan or avelumab in RAS/BRAF WT ctDNA mCRC patients represents a promising therapy.
Association between rapid renal function deterioration and cancer mortality in the elderly: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kuo I‐Ching , Chu Yi‐Chi , Chen Yen‐Hsu , Chan Ta‐Chien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundKidney function is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with cancer.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the association between kidney function decline and cancer‐related mortality among community‐dwelling elderly individuals.DesignThis was a retrospective longitudinal cohort study.ParticipantsThe 61,988 participants were from an elderly health examination database in Taipei City from 2005 to 2012.MeasurementsMultivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between baseline covariates and rapidly deteriorating estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). In addition, Cox proportional hazards model and the Fine–Gray model were used to quantify the effects of covariates on total cancer mortality and six specific cancer mortalities.ResultsDuring the follow‐up period, 1482 participants died of cancer. Their baseline average eGFR was 73.8 ± 19.9 mL/min/1.73 m2, and 18.3% had rapid renal function decline (≥5 mL/min/1.73 m2 per year). Rapid renal function decline was positively related to age, baseline eGFR, proteinuria, hypertension, waist circumferences, high log triglyceride levels, and diabetes mellitus (DM) history. In Cox proportional hazard models, participants with rapid eGFR decline had an increased risk of cancer mortality [hazard ratio (95% CI): 1.97 (1.73, 2.24); p < 0.001] compared to those without rapid eGFR decline. In the analysis of site‐specific cancer mortality risk, rapid eGFR decline was associated with six site‐specific cancer mortality, namely gastrointestinal tract, hepatobiliary, lung, prostate, urinary tract, and hematological malignancies.ConclusionsElderly individuals with rapid kidney function decline had higher cancer mortality risks. Serial assessments of dynamic changes in eGFR might provide information relevant for cancer prognosis.
New Isopropyl Chromone and Flavanone Glucoside Compounds from the Leaves of Syzygium cerasiforme (Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry and Their Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production
Authors: Hai Ninh Bui , Thi Dung Duong , Huu Tai Bui , Hai Yen Pham , Xuan Nhiem Nguyen , Thi Thu Hien Truong , Thi Trang Do , Van Tuyen Nguyen , Tuan Anh Le , Thi Hoai Nguyen , Van Kiem Phan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new isopropyl chromone (1) and a new flavanone glucoside (2) together with eleven known compounds (3–13) were isolated from the leaves of Syzygium cerasiforme (Blume) Merr. & L.M.Perry. Their structures were elucidated as 5,7‐dihydroxy‐2‐isopropyl‐6,8‐dimethyl‐4H‐chromen‐4‐one (1), 5,7‐dihydroxyflavanone 7‐O‐β‐D‐(6′′‐O‐galloylglucopyranoside) (2), strobopinin (3), demethoxymatteucinol (4), pinocembrin‐7‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (5), (2S)‐hydroxynaringenin‐7‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (6), afzelin (7), quercetin (8), kaplanin (9), endoperoxide G3 (10), grasshopper (11), vomifoliol (12), litseagermacrane (13) by the analysis of HR‐ESI‐MS, NMR, and CD spectral data. Compounds 1, 2, 5, 6 and 10 inhibited NO production on LPS‐activated RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values of 12.28±1.15, 8.52±1.62, 7.68±0.87, 9.67±0.57, and 6.69±0.34 μM, respectively, while the IC50 values of the other compounds ranging from 33.38±0.78 to 86.51±2.98 μM, compared to that of the positive control, NG‐monomethyl‐L‐arginine acetate (L‐NMMA) with an IC50 value of 32.50±1.00 μM.
Transcatheter closure of ruptured sinus of Valsalva: A report of first five cases in Tehran Heart Center, Iran
Authors: Ayati Aryan , Toofaninejad Neda , Hosseinsabet Ali , Hosseini Kaveh , Hajizeinali Alimohammad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRuptured sinus of Valsalva (RSOV) is a potentially lethal lesion requiring prompt intervention. Transcatheter Closure of RSOV is a novel alternative to the standard treatment, which is open‐heart surgery. In this case series, we have reported our center's first five cases of RSOV patients undergoing Transcatheter Closure.
Taguchi Experimental Design Method for the Reuse of Wastewater in Textile Processes
Authors: Yaprak Ridvan Emre , Vergili Ilda 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSmall and medium‐sized enterprises (SME) in the textile sector need to take the necessary steps for the reuse of wastewater in a shorter time and at low cost. The Taguchi experimental design method with an L9 (34) array was used to determine the optimum operating conditions and the important factors in the reuse of biologically treated textile wastewater using nanofiltration (NF). The signal‐to‐noise ratios showed that Desal 5DL, 16 bar, 1.5, and 2 L min−1 were the optimum conditions for the factors of NF membrane type, transmembrane pressure, volume reduction factor, and cross‐flow rate, respectively. The NF composite meets the water quality for the purposes of use in the dyeing process, the finishing process, and for general use in the production processes.