bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gambaran Histopatologi Paru Tikus Putih (Rattus Novergicus) Pasca Paparan Asap Rokok Elektrik (Vapor)
Authors: Rahman Dewi , Pandu Edward , Karim Marzelina , Rijal Syamsu , Syafei Imran 
Published: July 2023

World Health Organization (WHO) menyebutkan jumlah perokok di dunia sebanyak 2,5 milyar orang. Metode Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) yang telah berkembang dengan cepat adalah electronic cigarette (rokok elektronik) dikenal dengan vapor berbentuk seperti rokok. Efek akut vapor pada paru yaitu kadar Nitrit Oksida udara ekshalasi menurun dan tahanan jalan napas meningkat, merupakan respon yang sama pada penggunaan rokok tembakau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan melihat gambaran histopatologi paru pada tikus putih (Rattus Novergicus) pasca paparan asap vapor. Penelitian ini adalah eksperimen menggunakan metode posttest-only control group design bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran histopatologi paru tikus yang tidak terpapar asap vapor dan pasca paparan asap vapor pada waktu 1 bulan dan 3 bulan. Dimana sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 3 kelompok sampel masing-masing 8 ekor tikus, maka total sampel sebanyak 24 ekor tikus. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini pada kelompok K dibandingkan dengan kelompok P1 dan P2 menghasilkan nilai p= 0.000 (sig <0.05) artinya terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara tingkat kerusakan alveolus pada kelompok yang tidak mendapat perlakuan dengan kelompok yang diberikan paparan asap vapor. Lalu pada kelompok P1 dibandingkan dengan kelompok P2 menghasilkan nilai p= 0.001 (sig <0.05) artinya terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara dua kelompok yang diberikan paparan asap vapor selama 1 bulan dan 3 bulan.Pada hasil analisis pengukuran berat badan rata-rata antara kelompok K , P1 dan P2 mengalami penurunan yang signifikan dengan nilai p= 0,000 (p-= <0,05).Jadi pada perokok aktif dan perokok pasif dengan pemberian dosis asap vapor yang di tingkatkan dapat menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan gambaran histopatologi alveolus paru yang disertai terjadinya penurunan berat badan yang signifikan.
KELIMPAHAN MIKROPLASTIK PADA EKOSISTEM PERAIRAN DI MALUKU UTARA : SEBUAH TINJAUAN
Authors: Ahmad Badrun , H.Tidore Muh. Faedly , Tata Arbain , Hi. Umar Sudirman 
Published: July 2023

Abstrak: Beberapa peneliti saat ini telah melakukan penelitian mikroplastik di Maluku Utara. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk meninjau analisis sebelumnya. Tujuannya adalah sebagai referensi singkat bagi para peneliti yang ingin melakukan penelitian mikroplastik di Maluku Utara. Selain itu, tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk menganalisis secara kuantitatif beberapa hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan. Metode pencarian jurnal dan penelitian dilakukan dengan mencari kata kunci “Mikroplastik di Laut Maluku Utara” pada mesin pencari Google Scholar dan Science Direct. Penelitian mikroplastik sebelumnya di Pulau Mare meneliti kadar mikroplastik pada beberapa jenis teripang dan kelompok mikroplastik pada sedimen di perairan Pulau Mare. Pada teripang ditemukan total 272 partikel mikroplastik. Pada saat yang sama, penelitian endapan dilakukan di dua stasiun. Stasiun pertama di Maregam menemukan mikroplastik berkisar antara 17.000 - 37.000 partikel/kg berat sedimen kering. Di Marekofo ditemukan 13.839-30.666 partikel/kg sedimen. Dipelajari juga di Pulau Ternate, dan hasilnya ditemukan mikroplastik pada ikan cakalang sebanyak 948 partikel yang diperoleh dari 16 sampel ikan yang beredar di pasaran. Penelitian mikroplastik pada ikan jenis lain, seperti Epinephelus Fuscogutattus, E. coioides, dan E. Suillus, ditemukan 594 partikel mikroplastik di saluran pencernaan ikan. Kata kunci: mikroplastik, laut, ikan, mare, ternate Abstract: Several researchers have now carried out microplastic research in North Maluku. This article aims to review the previous analysis. The aim is to serve as a brief reference for researchers wishing to conduct microplastic research in North Maluku. In addition, the purpose of this article is to analyze quantitatively some of the results of the study that has been done. Journal and research search methods were carried out by searching for the keywords "Microplastics in the North Maluku Sea" on Google Scholar and Science Direct. Previous microplastic research on Mare Island examined microplastic levels in several types of sea cucumbers and microplastic groups in sediments in Mare Island waters. In sea cucumbers, a total of 272 microplastic particles were found. At the same time, research on deposits was carried out at two stations. The first station in Maregam found microplastics ranging from 17,000 - 37,000 particles/kg of dry sediment weight. In Marekofo found 13,839-30,666 particles/kg of sediment. It was also studied on the island of Ternate, and the results found microplastics in skipjack tuna, as many as 948 particles obtained from 16 fish samples in the market. Microplastic research on other types of fish, such as Epinephelus Fuscogutattus, E. coioides, and E. Suillus, 594 microplastic particles were found in the digestive tract of fish. Keywords: microplastics, marine, fish, mare, ternate
IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTICULTURAL VALUES IN ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION
Authors: Fauzi Ahmad 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to define, analyze and construe (1) the values of any Multicultural Islamic Religious Education in the implementation of learning at Ma'had Darul Hikmah and Ma'had Al Qolam (2) Carrying out of the learning process of Multicultural Islamic Religious Education in Ma'had Darul Hikmah and Ma'had Al Qolam, (3) Multicultural Religious Learning Model in Ma'had Darul Hikmah and Ma'had Al Qolam. Based on the research results, it was found that multicultural values, the implementation of the learning process and the multicultural learning model both in Ma'ad Darul Hikmah and Ma'had Al Qolam. First, the values of Multicultural Islamic Religious Education in the implementation of the second lesson of ma'had, explicitly (1) introduction, (2) moderate, (3) tolerance, (4) please help, (5) harmony, (6) empathy, ( 7) compassion, (8) togetherness, (9) respect for differences, (10) willing to sacrifice, (11) tolerance, (12) brotherhood, (13) equality, (14) justice. And (15) Khusnuddhon. Second, the implementation of the learning process (1). Learning design follows the ROPEZ model (review, overview, presentation, exercise, summary). (2) The implementation of the learning process is called Ta'lim which is carried out after Fajr and after Maghrib. Learning resources comprise: messages, people, materials, tools, techniques and backgrounds (3) Evaluation of Learning Outcomes is carried out at the beginning of each semester and at the end of each level, carried out in written form and part of the practice. Third, the Multicultural Learning Model at Ma'had Al Qolam follows the following sequence: (1) Preparation of Management Guidelines / Revision of Ma'had Management Guidelines (2). Design of Ma'had Curriculum, (3) Arrangement of Santri in Rooms, Mabna and Class (4) Making Prota and Learning Encourages, (5) Teaching and Learning Activities (6). Evaluation at the end of the school year.Keywords:Â Multicultural, Learning, Ma'had
IMPLEMENTATION OF MULTICULTURAL ISLAMIC EDUCATIONAL VALUES AT THE NAVY ACADEMY
Authors: Muhammad Syukur  , Nur Fajar Arief  
Published: July 2023

Education and values of multiculturalism in Islam are an inseparable part of the development of values that live in society. No exception in Islamic religious education (PAI) for members of the naval military, multiculturalism is claimed to contain values that can act as the main glue in realizing integrity in people's lives. This research examines the implementation of multicultural Islamic education values in the Naval Academy (AAL), with a research focus (1) What are the values of multicultural Islamic education developed at the Naval Academy? (2) how is the process of implementing the values of multicultural Islamic education at the Naval Academy? and (3) What is the model for implementing the values of multicultural Islamic education at the Naval Academy? This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a phenomenological type. The object of this research is devoted to the TK-III cadet education program for the 2016-2017 academic year. Several data collection techniques were used, namely in-depth interviews, participatory observation and documentation. The technique of checking the validity of the data used includes credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The data analysis of this research uses the Miles and Huberman model with three steps. The results showed three findings as follows. First, conceptually, the Naval Academy takes the view that the concept of brotherhood desired by Islam regarding the plurality of people is a concept of brotherhood or togetherness in multiculturalism. Second, the process of implementing multicultural Islamic values at the Navy Academy refers to the ISD (Instructional System Design) system in its development reflects top-down military-style values. Third, in terms of the implementation model, the Naval Academy implements contextualized learning experiences, with the main focus being on the value of flexibility in addressing multicultural values. These values are then developed into several, such as professionalism, etiquette, humanity, togetherness, honesty, tolerance and respect for differences.
EFEKTIFITAS KOORDINASI BADAN PENAGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH (BPBD) PROVINSI DALAM PENANGGULANGAN BANJIR DI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Muzdalifah Safa , Mafriana Sandra Bhakti , Sompa Andi Tenri , Attijani Muhammad Kamil 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRAK
Koordinasi antar pemerintah merupakan hal yang penting untuk dilakukan dalam penanggulangan bencana banjir. Pada Tahun 2021 Kalimantan Selatan terdampak bencana banjir terbesar sejak 50 tahun terakhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektifitas koordinasi antar pemerintah yakni oleh Badan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah (BPBD) Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan dalam penanganan banjir. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan tipe deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer yakni dari unsur BPBD, dan data sekunder yakni berupa dokumen. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah Teknik wawancara dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa koordinasi BPBD dalam penanggulangan banjir di Kalimantan Selatan cenderung cukup efektif. Hal ini disimpulkan dari alur koordinasi yang terbentuk baik secara horizontal maupun vertikal. Tantangan utama dalam koordinasi yaitu egosentris instansi pemerintah dalam menyikapi bencana banjir.

Kata Kunci:Koordinasi; Pemerintah; Penanggulangan; Bencana.
Functional genomics in stem cell models: considerations and applications
Authors: Shevade Kaivalya , Peddada Sailaja , Mader Karl , Przybyla Laralynne 
Published: July 2023

Protocols to differentiate human pluripotent stem cells have advanced in terms of cell type specificity and tissue-level complexity over the past 2 decades, which has facilitated human disease modeling in the most relevant cell types. The ability to generate induced PSCs (iPSCs) from patients further enables the study of disease mutations in an appropriate cellular context to reveal the mechanisms that underlie disease etiology and progression. As iPSC-derived disease models have improved in robustness and scale, they have also been adopted more widely for use in drug screens to discover new therapies and therapeutic targets. Advancement in genome editing technologies, in particular the discovery of CRISPR-Cas9, has further allowed for rapid development of iPSCs containing disease-causing mutations. CRISPR-Cas9 technologies have now evolved beyond creating single gene edits, aided by the fusion of inhibitory (CRISPRi) or activation (CRISPRa) domains to a catalytically dead Cas9 protein, enabling inhibition or activation of endogenous gene loci. These tools have been used in CRISPR knockout, CRISPRi, or CRISPRa screens to identify genetic modifiers that synergize or antagonize with disease mutations in a systematic and unbiased manner, resulting in identification of disease mechanisms and discovery of new therapeutic targets to accelerate drug discovery research. However, many technical challenges remain when applying large-scale functional genomics approaches to differentiated PSC populations. Here we review current technologies in the field of iPSC disease modeling and CRISPR-based functional genomics screens and practical considerations for implementation across a range of modalities, applications, and disease areas, as well as explore CRISPR screens that have been performed in iPSC models to-date and the insights and therapies these screens have produced.
Diagnosis and surgical outcomes of coarctation of the aorta in pediatric patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Gong Ting , Zhang Feiyan , Feng Lingxin , Zhu Xu , Deng Dan , Ran Tingting , Li Liling , Kong Li , Sun Liqun , Ji Xiaojuan 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundCoarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a common congenital cardiovascular malformation, and improvements in the diagnostic process for surgical decision-making are important. We sought to compare the diagnostic accuracy of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with computed tomographic angiography (CTA) to diagnose CoA.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 197 cases of CoA diagnosed by TTE and CTA and confirmed at surgery from July 2009 to August 2019.ResultsThe surgical findings confirmed that 19 patients (9.6%) had isolated CoA and 178 (90.4%) had CoA combined with other congenital cardiovascular malformations. The diagnostic accuracy of CoA by CTA was significantly higher than that of TTE (χ2 = 6.52, p = 0.01). In contrast, the diagnostic accuracy of TTE for associated cardiovascular malformations of CoA was significantly higher than that of CTA (χ2 = 15.36, p &lt; 0.0001). Infants and young children had more preductal type of CoA, and PDA was the most frequent cardiovascular lesion associated with CoA. The pressure gradient was significantly decreased after the first operation, similar at 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years follow-ups by TTE.ConclusionsCTA is more accurate as a clinical tool for diagnosing CoA; however, TTE with color Doppler can better identify associated congenital cardiovascular malformations. Therefore, combining TTE and CTA would benefit clinical evaluation and management in patients suspected of CoA. TTE was valuable for post-operation follow-up and clinical management.
Real-world adherence to toxicity management guidelines for immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced diabetes mellitus
Authors: Shen Min , Chen Doudou , Zhao Ruiling , Zheng Xuqin , Gu Yong , Yang Tao , Shi Yun 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveImmune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs) have improved survival and are increasingly used for cancer. However, ICIs use may be limited by immune-related adverse events (irAEs), such as ICI-induced diabetes mellitus(ICI-DM). The objective of the present study was to characterize ICI-DM patients and real-world adherence to guidelines.Research design and methodsThe present study was a retrospective review of electronic records of ICI-DM patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between July 2018 and October 2022.Results34.8% (8/23)patients monitored blood glucose in every treatment cycle. The proportion of patients with severe diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) was lower in the tight glycemic monitoring group than the non-tight glycemic monitoring group (16.7% vs. 55.6%, p = 0.049). 78.3%(18/23) patients with hyperglycemia visited a non-endocrinologist first, but 95.7% of patients were then referred to an endocrinologist. Twenty patients were tested for distinguishing the etiology of hyperglycemia and 20% patients with positive glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody(GADA), 55% with C-peptide &lt;3.33pmol/L. High screening rates for other ICI-induced endocrinopathies were observed and half of the patients with ICI-DM developed other endocrine gland irAEs, with the most common being thyroiditis. Moreover, five patients developed non-endocrine serious adverse events(SAEs). Twelve (52.2%) patients were withdrawn from ICI due to ICI-DM. The time to progression of tumor in ICI-DM patients in the continue and interruption group was longer than in the withdrawal group (333.5 ± 82.5 days vs. 183.1 ± 62.4 days, p = 0.161). Only 17.4% of ICI-DM patients were completely managed according to guidelines. Thus, the present study proposed a screening, diagnosis, and management algorithm for ICI-DM in real-world practice.ConclusionThe present study reported the largest number of ICI-DM cases described in a single institute, providing insight into real-world ICI-DM management guideline adherence and highlighting the clinical challenges in ICI-DM management.
Efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel plus platinum in non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Tianying , Li Shuangshuang , Hu Wenting , Yue Tinghui , Zeng Qi , Zeng Xingling , Chen Xiaochao , Zhao Xiangdong , Xiao Tianbao 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis meta-analysis was exerted in assessing the anticancer efficacy and safety of nab-paclitaxel (nab-P) when combined with platinum compound agents for therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodWe systematically searched the following seven electronic databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wan Fang, and China Science and Technology Journal Data. Randomized comparative clinical [randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT)] studies on nab-P plus platinum and carboplatin or cisplatin in combination with conventional chemotherapy agents or traditional paclitaxel were searched.ResultsA total of 19 RCT studies involving 6,011 patients were analyzed. The primary outcome includes the overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). The secondary outcome includes adverse events (AEs). Nab-P combined with platinum (carboplatin/cisplatin) had a better ORR [odds ratio (OR) = 1.66, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.34, 2.05), p &lt; 0.001] and improved PFS [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.84, 95% CI: (0.74, 0.94), p = 0.01] and OS [HR = 0.86, 95% CI: (0.78, 0.96), p = 0.008] in NSCLC patients. ORR [OR = 2.18, 95% CI: (1.07, 4.43)], PFS [HR = 0.62, 95% CI: (0.40, 0.97)], and OS [HR = 0.63, 95% CI: (0.49, 0.81)] were significantly improved among patients aged &gt;70 years, and ORR [OR = 1.80, 95% CI: (1.20, 2.70)] and PFS [HR = 0.74, 95% CI: (0.56, 0.97)] were significantly elevated with SCC rate ≥65% in NSCLC patients (all p &gt; 0.05). Among the adverse effects, the prevalence of neutropenia, neuralgia, and arthralgia/myalgia (≥ grade 3) compared to that of the control group. On the other hand, the prevalence of anemia and thrombocytopenia was higher in the nab-P plus platinum (carboplatin/cisplatin) compared to that of controls. It is worth noting that fatigue did not show statistical significance.ConclusionNab-P in combination with carboplatin/cisplatin regimen improves efficacy and tolerability in patients with NSCLC.Systematic review registrationhttp://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42022288499.
Low glycemic index therapy in children with sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE): an experience from a measles-endemic country
Authors: Ibrahim Shahnaz H. , Farooq Hira 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionSub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder, commonly seen in measles-endemic countries leading to progressive neuronal loss and death. Currently, there is no proven cure for this devastating disease. We started a low glycemic index therapy (LGIT) in children with SSPE using the same principle as per its role in intractable epilepsy.MethodologyLow glycemic index diet was started in children with a confirmed diagnosis of SSPE based on Dyken's criteria. All children were then classified into four stages according to disease progression. The response to diet was evaluated by improvement in their myoclonic jerks, motor activities, and changes in their stage of the disease.ResultsA total of 12 children were enrolled. The mean age was 6.65 years (range 3.3–10 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. Five children were at stage IV, five were at stage III, and two were at stage II at the start of the diet. Nine (75%) children showed improvement in their stage of illness. Of three children who were at stage IV at the initiation of the diet, one improved to stage II and two to stage III. Four children at stage III reverted to stage II. Two children initiated at stage II went into total remission. Seven (58.3%) children showed a &gt;50% reduction in myoclonic jerks with three (25%) having a 100% reduction. Three (25%) children died due to pneumonia.ConclusionLGIT may play an effective role in the management of SSPE and gives hope to families having children with this potentially life-threatening disease.
Development and initial evaluation of the COnfident Parent INternet Guide program for parents of 3–8 year olds
Authors: Hutchings Judy , Owen Dawn A. , Williams Margiad E. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionPositive parenting promotes children’s cognitive, social and emotional development and parenting programs based on social learning theory are effective in supporting parents to help reduce behavioral problems among high challenge children. However there is less evidence for programs with non-clinical populations. COPING (COnfident Parent INternet Guide) is a 10-week online universal program for parents of 3 – 8 year olds presenting evidence-informed principles based on social learning theory to support parents in addressing common challenges with their children. This study explored the development and feasibility of delivery of the program in terms of recruitment, retention and acceptability. It also reports on initial program effectiveness, evaluated via a pilot randomized controlled trial.MethodsData on child behavior, parental skills and mental health were collected at baseline and three months later for all participants and six months post-baseline for the intervention group only.ResultsThose parents who accessed the course provided very positive feedback however the trial experienced challenges with recruitment and initial engagement, particularly for parents referred by professionals. For parents who engaged with the program there were significant improvements in reported parenting skills with evidence of longer-term maintenance.DiscussionThis paper provides limited evidence of effectiveness for the COPING program however further feasibility work, particularly around recruitment, is needed before conducting larger effectiveness trials.