bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multivalent Peptoid Conjugate Modulates Androgen Receptor Transcriptional Activity to Inhibit Therapy-resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Habault Justine , Schneider Jeffrey A. , Ha Susan , Ruoff Rachel , Pereira Luiza D. , Puccini Joseph , Ranieri Michela , Ayasun Ruveyda , Deng Jiehui , Kasper Amanda C. , Bar-Sagi Dafna , Wong Kwok-Kin , Zoubeidi Amina , Claessens Frank , Wise David R. , Logan Susan K. , Kirshenbaum Kent , Garabedian Michael J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Prostate cancers adapt to androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitors and progress to castration resistance due to ongoing AR expression and function. To counter this, we developed a new approach to modulate the AR and inhibit castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) using multivalent peptoid conjugates (MPC) that contain multiple copies of the AR-targeting ligand ethisterone attached to a peptidomimetic scaffold. Here, we investigated the antitumor effects of compound MPC309, a trivalent display of ethisterone conjugated to a peptoid oligomer backbone that binds to the AR with nanomolar affinity. MPC309 exhibited potent antiproliferative effects on various enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer models, including those with AR splice variants, ligand-binding mutations, and noncanonical AR gene expression programs, as well as mouse prostate organoids harboring defined genetic alterations that mimic lethal human prostate cancer subtypes. MPC309 is taken up by cells through macropinocytosis, an endocytic process more prevalent in cancer cells than in normal ones, thus providing an opportunity to target tumors selectively. MPC309 triggers a distinct AR transcriptome compared with DHT and enzalutamide, a clinically used antiandrogen. Specifically, MPC309 enhances the expression of differentiation genes while reducing the expression of genes needed for cell division and metabolism. Mechanistically, MPC309 increases AR chromatin occupancy and alters AR interactions with coregulatory proteins in a pattern distinct from DHT. In xenograft studies, MPC309 produced significantly greater tumor suppression than enzalutamide. Altogether, MPC309 represents a promising new AR modulator that can combat resistant disease by promoting an AR antiproliferative gene expression program.
Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Adult Congenital Heart Disease: Procedural Characteristics and Outcomes
Authors: Hu Tiffany Y. , Janga Chaitra , Amin Mustapha , Tan Nicholas Y. , Hodge David O. , Mehta Ramila A. , McLeod Christopher J. , Chiriac Anca , Miranda William R. , Connolly Heidi M. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Deshmukh Abhishek J. , Egbe Alexander C. , Madhavan Malini 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
The outcomes of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in adults with congenital heart disease are not well described.

METHODS:
In a retrospective study of adult patients with congenital heart disease who underwent catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation between 2000 and 2020 at Mayo Clinic, procedural characteristics and outcomes were collected. The primary outcomes were atrial arrhythmia (AA) recurrence following a 3-month blanking period and repeat ablation. An arrhythmia clinical severity score was assessed pre- and post-ablation based on the duration of arrhythmia episodes, symptoms, cardioversion frequency, and antiarrhythmic drug use.

RESULTS:

One hundred forty-five patients (age, 57±12 years; 28% female; 63% paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) underwent 198 ablations with a median follow-up of 26 months (interquartile range, 14–69). One hundred ten, 26, and 9 patients had simple, moderate, and complex congenital heart disease, respectively. All patients underwent pulmonary vein isolation, and non–pulmonary vein targets were ablated in 79 (54%). AA recurrence at 12 months was 37% (95% CI, 29%–45%). On univariate analysis, increasing left atrial volume index was associated with higher odds of AA recurrence (odds ratio, 1.03 [1.00–1.06] per 1 mL/m
2
increment;
P
=0.05). Noninducibility of atrial flutter was predictive of decreased odds of AA recurrence (odds ratio, 0.43 [0.21–0.90];
P
=0.03). A second ablation was performed in 43 patients after a median of 20 (interquartile range, 8–37) months. Arrhythmia clinical severity scores improved following ablation, reflecting a decrease in symptoms, cardioversions, and antiarrhythmic drugs.

CONCLUSIONS:
Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation is feasible and effective in patients with adult congenital heart disease and reduces symptoms. Recurrence of AA frequently requires repeat ablation.
Predictors of Survival in Patients With Ischemic Stroke and Active Cancer: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Study
Authors: Gon Yasufumi , Sakaguchi Manabu , Yamagami Hiroshi , Abe Soichiro , Hashimoto Hiroyuki , Ohara Nobuyuki , Takahashi Daisuke , Abe Yuko , Takahashi Tsutomu , Kitano Takaya , Okazaki Shuhei , Todo Kenichi , Sasaki Tsutomu , Hattori Satoshi , Mochizuki Hideki ,   the SCAN Study Investigators
Published: July 2023

Background
Limited data exist on the prognostic factors for patients with ischemic stroke and active cancer.

Methods and Results
We conducted a prospective, multicenter, observational study in Japan, including patients with acute ischemic stroke and active cancer, to investigate the prognostic factors. We followed up the patients for 1 year after stroke onset. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to cryptogenic stroke and known causes (small‐vessel occlusion, large‐artery atherosclerosis, cardioembolism, and other determined cause), and survival was compared. The hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for mortality were calculated using Cox regression models. We identified 135 eligible patients (39% women; median age, 75 years). Of these patients, 51% had distant metastasis. A total of 65 (48%) and 70 (52%) patients had cryptogenic stroke and known causes, respectively. Patients with cryptogenic stroke had significantly shorter survival than those with known causes (HR [95% CI], 3.11 [1.82–5.32]). The multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that distant metastasis, plasma D‐dimer levels, venous thromboembolism (either deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) complications at stroke onset were independent predictors of mortality after adjusting for potential confounders. Cryptogenic stroke was associated with prognosis in univariable analysis but was not significant in multivariable analysis. The plasma D‐dimer levels stratified the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke and active cancer.

Conclusions
The prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke and active cancer varied considerably depending on stroke mechanism, distant metastasis, and coagulation abnormalities. The present study confirmed that coagulation abnormalities were crucial in determining the prognosis of such patients.
Association of Time Course of Thrombectomy and Outcomes for Large Acute Ischemic Region: RESCUE–Japan LIMIT Subanalysis
Authors: Ishihara Hideyuki , Nishimoto Takuma , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Oka Fumiaki , Sakai Nobuyuki , Yamagami Hiroshi , Toyoda Kazunori , Matsumaru Yuji , Matsumoto Yasushi , Kimura Kazumi , Ishikura Reiichi , Inoue Manabu , Uchida Kazutaka , Sakakibara Fumihiro , Morimoto Takeshi , Yoshimura Shinichi ,   for the RESCUE Japan LIMIT Investigators
Published: July 2023

Background
The effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has been proven even in patients with large cerebral infarction in the early time window. However, the association of the time course with the treatment effect is unknown. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the influence of the time course from stroke onset to reperfusion on the therapeutic effect of EVT.

Methods
The subjects were patients with occlusion of large vessels and sizable strokes on imaging (Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomographic score 3–5) in RESCUE–Japan LIMIT (Recovery by Endovascular Salvage for Cerebral Ultra‐Acute Embolism–Japan Large Ischemic Core Trial), a multicenter, randomized, clinical open‐label trial of EVT versus medical care alone. In the current analysis, the clinical and time course characteristics associated with a favorable outcome (modified Rankin scale [mRS] score of 0–2 and 0–3 at 90 days) were examined in patients treated with EVT.

Results

The analysis included 71 patients (median age, 77 years; median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on admission, 21). Occlusion sites were the internal carotid artery (48%), proximal segment of the middle cerebral artery (72%) and tandem lesions (20%). Of these patients, 23 (32%) had an mRS score of 0 to 3 and 12 (17%) had an mRS score of 0 to 2 at 90 days. In multivariate analysis, there were independent associations of onset to reperfusion time (odds ratio [OR], 0.991 [95% CI, 0.984–0.999];
P
=0.01) and puncture to reperfusion time (OR , 0.952 [95% CI, 0.917–0.988];
P
<0.001) with an mRS score of 0 to 3 at 90 days, and puncture to reperfusion time (OR, 0.930 [95% CI, 0.872–0.991];
P
=0.004) with an mRS score of 0 to 2 at 90 days.

Conclusion
Earlier reperfusion was related to a favorable outcome in patients with acute large‐vessel occlusion with a large ischemic region. Onset to reperfusion time and especially puncture to reperfusion time were independently associated with a favorable outcome. These results suggest the importance of timing and uninterrupted EVT in this patient population.
Pflacco: Feature-Based Landscape Analysis of Continuous and Constrained Optimization Problems in Python
Authors: Prager Raphael Patrick , Trautmann Heike 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The herein proposed Python package pflacco provides a set of numerical features to characterize single-objective continuous and constrained optimization problems. Thereby, pflacco addresses two major challenges in the area of optimization. Firstly, it provides the means to develop an understanding of a given problem instance, which is crucial for designing, selecting, or configuring optimization algorithms in general. Secondly, these numerical features can be utilized in the research streams of automated algorithm selection and configuration. While the majority of these landscape features are already available in the R package flacco, our Python implementation offers these tools to an even wider audience and thereby promotes research interests and novel avenues in the area of optimization.
Children’s Early Spontaneous Comparisons Predict Later Analogical Reasoning Skills: An Investigation of Parental Influence
Authors: Silvey Catriona , Gentner Dedre , Richland Lindsey Engle , Goldin-Meadow Susan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Laboratory studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of making comparisons on children’s analogical reasoning skills. We extend this finding to an observational dataset comprising 42 children. The prevalence of specific comparisons, which identify a feature of similarity or difference, in children’s spontaneous speech from 14–58 months is associated with higher scores in tests of verbal and non-verbal analogy in 6th grade. We test two pre-registered hypotheses about how parents influence children’s production of specific comparisons: 1) via modelling, where parents produce specific comparisons during the sessions prior to child onset of this behaviour; 2) via responsiveness, where parents respond to their children’s earliest specific comparisons in variably engaged ways. We do not find that parent modelling or responsiveness predicts children’s production of specific comparisons. However, one of our pre-registered control analyses suggests that parents’ global comparisons—comparisons that do not identify a specific feature of similarity or difference—may bootstrap children’s later production of specific comparisons, controlling for parent IQ. We present exploratory analyses following up on this finding and suggest avenues for future confirmatory research. The results illuminate a potential route by which parents’ behaviour may influence children’s early spontaneous comparisons and potentially their later analogical reasoning skills.
Jack Palmer and Dariusz Brzeziński (Eds.), “Revisiting Modernity and the Holocaust: Heritage, Dilemmas, Extensions”. Routledge, 2022 [book review]
Authors: Outhwaite William 
Published: July 2023

This is a review of the book entitled Revisiting Modernity and the Holocaust: Heritage, Dilemmas, Extensions, edited by Jack Palmer and Dariusz Brzeziński.
Near-Inertial Waves Reaching the Deep Basin in the South China Sea after Typhoon Mangkhut (2018)
Authors: Zheng Hua , Zhu Xiao-Hua , Zhao Ruixiang , Chen Juntian , Wang Min , Ren Qiang , Liu Yansong , Nan Feng , Yu Fei , Park Jae-Hun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Typhoon Mangkhut crossed the northeastern South China Sea (SCS) in September 2018 and induced energetic near-inertial waves (NIWs) that were captured by an array of 39 current- and pressure-recording inverted echo sounders and two tall moorings with acoustic Doppler current profilers and current meter sensors. The array extended from west of the Luzon Strait to the interior SCS, with the path of the typhoon cutting through the array. NIWs in the interior SCS had lower frequency than those near the Luzon Strait. After the typhoon crossed the SCS, Mangkhut-induced near-inertial currents in the upper ocean reached over 50 cm s−1. NIWs traveled southward for hundreds of kilometers, dominated by modes 2 and 3 in the upper and deep ocean. The horizontal phase speeds of mode 2 were ∼3.9 and ∼2.5 m s−1 north and south of the typhoon’s track, respectively, while those of mode 3 were ∼2.1 and ∼1.7 m s−1, respectively. Mode 5 was only identified in the north with a smaller phase speed. Owing to different vertical group velocities, the energy of mode-2 NIWs reached the deep ocean in 20 days, whereas the higher-mode NIWs required more time to transfer energy to the bottom. NIWs in the north were trapped and carried by a westward-propagating anticyclonic eddy, which enhanced the near-inertial kinetic energy at ∼300 m and lengthened the duration of energetic NIWs observed in the north.

Significance Statement
Near-inertial waves (NIWs), generally caused by wind (e.g., typhoons and monsoons) in the upper ocean, are one of the two types of energetic internal waves widely observed in the ocean. After their generation near the surface, energetic NIWs propagate downward and equatorward, thereby significantly contributing to turbulent mixing in the upper and deep ocean and acting as a mechanism of energy transfer from the surface to the deep ocean. The unprecedented NIW observations in the South China Sea describe the generation, propagation, and vertical normal modes of typhoon-induced NIWs in the upper and deep oceans, and contribute to knowledge regarding the dynamic responses of abyssal processes to typhoons.
Estimation of Surface Current Divergence from Satellite Doppler Radar Scatterometer Measurements of Surface Ocean Velocity
Authors: Chelton Dudley B. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The ability to estimate surface current divergence and vorticity from space is assessed from simulated satellite Doppler radar scatterometer measurements of surface velocity with an effective footprint diameter of 5 km across an 1800-km measurement swath. The focus is on non-internal-wave contributions to divergence and vorticity. This is achieved by simulating Doppler radar measurements of surface velocity from a numerical model in which internal waves are weak because of high dissipation, seasonal cycle forcing, and the lack of tidal forcing. Divergence is much more challenging to estimate than vorticity because the signals are weaker and restricted to smaller scales. With the measurement noise that was anticipated based on early engineering studies, divergence cannot be estimated with useful resolution. Recent advances in the understanding of how the noise in measurements of surface currents depends on the ambient wind speed have concluded that measurement noise will be substantially smaller in conditions of wind speed greater than 6 m s−1. A reassessment of the ability to estimate non-internal-wave contributions to surface current divergence in this study finds that useful estimates can be obtained in such wind conditions; the wavelength resolution capability for divergence estimates in the middle of the measurement swaths will be better than 100 km in 16-day averages. The improved measurement accuracy will also provide estimates of surface current vorticity with a resolution nearly a factor of 2 higher than was previously thought, resulting in wavelength resolutions of about 50, 30, and 20 km in snapshots, 4-day averages, and 16-day averages, respectively.

Significance Statement
The divergence of surface ocean velocity is of great interest to oceanographers because of its direct relation to the near-surface vertical velocity that has important implications for air–sea exchanges of CO2 and other gases, as well as the supply of nutrients from depth that are critical to biological productivity. Observational estimates of surface divergence are challenging because of the weakness of the divergence signals and the technical difficulties in acquiring two-dimensional observations of velocity with sufficient accuracy and spatial resolution to obtain accurate estimates of the divergence. The analysis presented here concludes that useful estimates of surface current divergence can be obtained from a future Doppler radar satellite mission that is in the early stages of development by NASA.
Pulsatile Deformations of a Conformable Descending Thoracic Aortic Endograft in Aneurysm, Dissection, and Blunt Traumatic Aortic Injury Patients
Authors: Cheng Christopher P. , Suh Ga-Young , Moainie Sina L. , Stern Jordan R. , Szeto Wilson Y. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This study presents analytic techniques to quantify cardiac pulsatility-induced deformations of thoracic aortic endografts in patients with thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA), dissection (TAD), and blunt thoracic aortic injury (BTAI) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). Technique: We analyzed 19 image data sets from 14 patients treated for TAA, TAD, and BTAI with cardiac-gated post-TEVAR CTs. Systolic and diastolic geometric models were constructed and diametric, axial, and bending deformations were quantified. For patients with cardiac-gated pre-op scans, the damping of pulsatile diametric distension was computed. Maximum localized diametric distension was 2.4±1.0%, 4.2±1.7%, and 5.5±1.6%, and axial deformation was 0.0±0.1%, −0.1±0.3%, and 1.1±0.6% in the endografts of TAA, TAD, and BTAI cohorts, respectively. Diametric distension damping from pre- to post-TEVAR was ~50%. Diametric and bending deformations were localized at certain axial positions on the endograft, and the inner curve bends more than the centerline, especially adjacent to overlapping regions. Conclusion: The presented techniques support investigation of multi-axial endograft deformations between disease causes and geometric locations on the device. Discretized quantification of deformation is needed to define device fatigue testing conditions and predict device durability in patients. Clinical Impact This study demonstrates analytic techniques to quantify discretized deformation of thoracic endografts. Cardiac-resolved computed tomography is sometimes acquired for surgical planning and follow-up, however, the dynamic data are not typically used to quantify pulsatile deformations. Our analytic techniques extract the centerline and surface geometry of the stented thoracic aorta during the cardiac cycle, which are used to quantify diametric, axial, and bending deformations to provide better understanding of device durability and impact on the native anatomy.
Towards recovery of an endangered Pacific island endemic: Experimental evidence for shortening juvenility of Serianthes plants using a shade and trellis system to generate vigorous growth and precocious flowering
Authors: Marler Thomas E. 
Published: July 2023

Background and Research Aims Conservationists aiming to establish seed orchards or restoration plantings benefit from methods that reduce tree juvenility. Previous studies suggest that seedling and sapling mortality is the major limitation to natural population recovery of the critically endangered Serianthes nelsonii. To enable effective restoration actions new methods are required to reduce sapling mortality. Methods Ex situ experiments were used to determine if trellised, shaded growth conditions would reduce juvenility of Serianthes saplings. Serianthes kanehirae was used as a surrogate for S. nelsonii. Stem growth was trained horizontally to a wire trellis in shaded tunnels of differing lengths (0, 3, 6, 9 or 12 m). Time to reach the end of each tunnel, and subsequent vertical stem growth in full sun were recorded until flower production commenced. Results The shortest S. kanehirae juvenile phase occurred under 12 m tunnels, with first flower production within a year (351 ± 10 days, mean ± SE). The juvenile phase increased in duration as tunnel length shortened. The control plants did not produce flowers during the study. Conclusion Horizontal trellised support of shaded stems was effective in reducing juvenile phase duration of Serianthes saplings. Implications for Conservation Serianthes seed orchards may use shaded trellises to produce seeds on young plants to rapidly boost species recovery efforts. The production of seeds in managed conservation gardens may improve recovery efforts by reducing the need to remove seeds from in situ communities. Therefore, this simple protocol may prove beneficial for both in situ and ex situ conservation of all federally listed woody plant species in the region.
Ciclopirox ethanolamine preserves the immature state of human HSCs by mediating intracellular iron content
Authors: Talkhoncheh Mehrnaz Safaee , Baudet Aurélie , Ek Fredrik , Subramaniam Agatheeswaran , Kao Yun-Ruei , Miharada Natsumi , Karlsson Christine , Oburoglu Leal , Rydström Anna , Zemaitis Kristijonas , Alattar Abdul Ghani , Rak Justyna , Pietras Kristian , Olsson Roger , Will Britta , Larsson Jonas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Culture conditions in which hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can be expanded for clinical benefit are highly sought after. To elucidate regulatory mechanisms governing the maintenance and propagation of human HSCs ex vivo, we screened libraries of annotated small molecules in human cord blood cells using an optimized assay for detection of functional HSCs during culture. We found that the antifungal agent ciclopirox ethanolamine (CPX) selectively supported immature CD34+CD90+ cells during culture and enhanced their long-term in vivo repopulation capacity. Purified HSCs treated with CPX showed a reduced cell division rate and an enrichment of HSC-specific gene expression patterns. Mechanistically, we found that the HSC stimulating effect of CPX was directly mediated by chelation of the intracellular iron pool, which in turn affected iron-dependent proteins and enzymes mediating cellular metabolism and respiration. Our findings unveil a significant impact of iron homeostasis in regulation of human HSCs, with important implications for both basic HSC biology and clinical hematology.