bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graph analysis based on SCN reveals novel neuroanatomical targets related to tinnitus distress
Authors: Lu Yawen , Yang Yifeng , Yan Meijing , Sun Lianxi , Fu Caixia , Zhang Jianwei , Liu Yuehong , Li Kefeng , Han Zhao , Lin Guangwu , Li Shihong 
Published: January 2025

PurposeTinnitus is considered a neurological disorder affecting both auditory and nonauditory networks. This study aimed to investigate the structural brain covariance network in tinnitus patients and analyze its altered topological properties.MaterialsFifty three primary tinnitus patients and 67 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. Gray matter volume (GMV) of each participant was extracted using voxel-based morphometry, a group-level structural covariance network (SCN) was constructed based on the GMV of each participant, and graph theoretic analyses were performed using graph analysis toolbox (GAT). The differences in the topological properties of SCN between both groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsBoth groups exhibited small-world attributes. Compared with HCs, tinnitus patients had significantly higher characteristic path length, lambda, transitivity, and assortativity (p &lt; 0.05), and significantly lower global efficiency (p &lt; 0.05). Tinnitus patients had higher clustering coefficient and reduced gamma and modularity, but neither was remarkable. The hubs in tinnitus network focused on the temporal lobe. In addition, the tinnitus network was found to be reduced in robustness to targeted attacks compared with HCs. Besides, a significant negative correlation between Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score and GMV in the left angular gyrus (r = −0.283, p = 0.040) as well as left superior temporal pole (r = −0.282, p = 0.041) were identified.ConclusionTinnitus patients showed reduced small-world properties, altered hub nodes, and reduced ability to respond to targeted attacks in brain network. The GMV in the left angular gyrus and left superior temporal pole showed significant negative correlation with tinnitus distress (THI score), indicating potential therapeutic target.
Application of MRI image segmentation algorithm for brain tumors based on improved YOLO
Authors: Yang Tao , Lu Xueqi , Yang Lanlan , Yang Miyang , Chen Jinghui , Zhao Hongjia 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo assist in the rapid clinical identification of brain tumor types while achieving segmentation detection, this study investigates the feasibility of applying the deep learning YOLOv5s algorithm model to the segmentation of brain tumor magnetic resonance images and optimizes and upgrades it on this basis.MethodsThe research institute utilized two public datasets of meningioma and glioma magnetic resonance imaging from Kaggle. Dataset 1 contains a total of 3,223 images, and Dataset 2 contains 216 images. From Dataset 1, we randomly selected 3,000 images and used the Labelimg tool to annotate the cancerous regions within the images. These images were then divided into training and validation sets in a 7:3 ratio. The remaining 223 images, along with Dataset 2, were ultimately used as the internal test set and external test set, respectively, to evaluate the model’s segmentation effect. A series of optimizations were made to the original YOLOv5 algorithm, introducing the Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP), Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM), Coordinate Attention (CA) for structural improvement, resulting in several optimized versions, namely YOLOv5s-ASPP, YOLOv5s-CBAM, YOLOv5s-CA, YOLOv5s-ASPP-CBAM, and YOLOv5s-ASPP-CA. The training and validation sets were input into the original YOLOv5s model, five optimized models, and the YOLOv8s model for 100 rounds of iterative training. The best weight file of the model with the best evaluation index in the six trained models was used for the final test of the test set.ResultsAfter iterative training, the seven models can segment and recognize brain tumor magnetic resonance images. Their precision rates on the validation set are 92.5, 93.5, 91.2, 91.8, 89.6, 90.8, and 93.1%, respectively. The corresponding recall rates are 84, 85.3, 85.4, 84.7, 87.3, 85.4, and 91.9%. The best weight file of the model with the best evaluation index among the six trained models was tested on the test set, and the improved model significantly enhanced the image segmentation ability compared to the original model.ConclusionCompared with the original YOLOv5s model, among the five improved models, the improved YOLOv5s-ASPP model significantly enhanced the segmentation ability of brain tumor magnetic resonance images, which is helpful in assisting clinical diagnosis and treatment planning.
NAFPD exacerbation by hyperlipidemia combined with hyperuricemia: a pilot rat experiment in lipidomics
Authors: Li Jingyun , Chen Yongjian , Li Shilin , Lyu Guorong , Yan Furong , Guo Jiajing , Cheng Jing , Chen Yun , Lin Jiaojiao , Zeng Yating 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundHyperuricemia and non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease (NAFPD) are prevalent metabolic diseases, but the relationship between them remains underexplored.MethodsEighteen Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups: normal (CON), high-fat (PO), and high-fat high-uric acid (PH). After 12 weeks, serum uric acid (SUA) and triacylglycerol levels were measured. Pathological changes in the pancreas were assessed using hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. Serum samples were analyzed using lipidomics technology, and multivariate statistical analysis was employed to identify differences in lipid metabolism.ResultsSUA levels in the PO group were not significantly different from those in the CON group (p &gt; 0.05). However, from the 4th week onward, SUA levels in the PH group were significantly higher than those in both the PO and CON groups (p &lt; 0.05). HE staining revealed that most rats in the CON group exhibited normal pancreatic islet and acinar cell morphology. The pathological NAFPD score in the PH group was higher than that in the PO group. Lipidomics analysis identified 34 potential serum biomarkers in the CON and PO groups, 38 in the CON and PH groups, and 32 in the PH and PO groups. These metabolites primarily included sphingolipids, cholesterol esters, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, phosphatidylcholines, lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and lysophosphatidylethanolamine.ConclusionHyperlipidemia combined with hyperuricemia might exacerbates NAFPD. Glycerophospholipids may serve as key biomarkers in this process, potentially linked to a chronic inflammatory response mediated by glycerophospholipids.
Improved health outcomes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients 3 years after treatment by the AI-assisted home enteral nutrition management
Authors: Liu Jia , Wang Xiuying , Ye Xu , Chen Danna 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesPatients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) are prone to malnutrition, which leads to deterioration of health. This study is to clarify the effect of Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted home enteral nutrition (HEN) management mode on the health status of patients with stage III to stage IV NPC after 3 years of treatment, and to provide a new strategy for improving the quality of life of patients.MethodsPatients with stage III ~ IV NPC were determined whether to accept AI-assisted HEN management according to voluntary principle. After 3 years of management, the survival rate, distant metastasis rate and local recurrence rate were counted, and the basic body quality, laboratory detection, eating difficulty score, mental health score and other examinations were performed on the surviving patients to evaluate the overall health status.ResultsThe three-year survival rate of patients with NPC who received AI-assisted HEN management after treatment was improved. Various tests showed that AI-assisted HEN improved the nutritional intake of patients, had a low positive rate of Epstein–Barr virus, reduced adverse reactions such as psychological stress and physical pain, and could improve the quality of life of patients.ConclusionAI-assisted HEN has a positive auxiliary effect on clinical treatment, which is helpful to promote the recovery of patients with NPC.Clinical trial registrationNCT06603909.
Predictive value of circulating fibroblast growth factor-23 and Klotho on protein-energy wasting in patients undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Zhou Xiaoling , Luo Yang , Guo Yidan , Jia Meng , Zhang Chunxia , Shi Zhihua , Du Ye 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAs a state of metabolic and nutritional derangements, protein-energy wasting (PEW) is highly prevalent and associated with increased morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and Klotho have been proven to contribute to chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Previous evidence suggested that FGF-23 and Klotho may also contribute to the malnutritional status among these patients; however, the inter-relationship between the FGF-23–Klotho axis and PEW remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted this cross-sectional study to evaluate the association between plasma FGF-23 and Klotho levels and PEW in hemodialysis patients and to explore whether these markers could predict the presence of PEW.MethodsPlasma concentrations of FGF-23 and Klotho were measured, and their associations with PEW were assessed. PEW was evaluated based on body weight, muscle mass, biochemical data, and protein and energy intake, according to the 2008 criteria from the International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM).ResultsIn this study, 147 hemodialysis patients (mean age 61.05 ± 13.32 years) were enrolled, of whom 66 (44.90%) had PEW. PEW was significant positively correlated with FGF-23 (r = 0.403, p &lt; 0.001), age (r = 0.225, p = 0.006), C-reactive protein (r = 0.236, p = 0.004), intact parathyroid hormone (r = 0.237, p = 0.004), and single-pool Kt/V (r = 0.170, p = 0.040), while it was negatively correlated with Klotho (r = −0.361, p &lt; 0.001), hemoglobin (r = −0.215, p = 0.009), and serum creatinine (r = −0.278, p = 0.001). Logistic regression analyses showed that plasma FGF-23 and Klotho were independently associated with PEW, even after adjusting for covariables. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of FGF-23 and Klotho in predicting PEW was 0.734 and 0.710 (p &lt; 0.001), respectively. When the combination of FGF-23 and Klotho was used to predict PEW, its sensitivity was 81.8%, specificity was 60.5%, and the AUC was 0.746.ConclusionPlasma levels of FGF-23 and Klotho are associated with PEW in hemodialysis patients. Higher plasma FGF-23 levels and lower Klotho levels may serve as valuable predictors of PEW in these patients.
Gender and sex differences in adherence to a Mediterranean diet and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
Authors: Brandt Gerrit , Pahlenkemper Marie , Ballero Reque Cristina , Sabel Luisa , Zaiser Christopher , Laskowski Nora M. , Paslakis Georgios 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant lifestyle changes, including alterations in dietary habits and increases in sedentary behavior. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with various health benefits, which are especially important given the health challenges posed by the pandemic. During the pandemic, an overall shift towards consuming more highly processed foods has been observed.MethodsThis systematic review investigated adherence to MD during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on gender differences and factors influencing adherence to MD in the general public. The literature search focused on papers published between January 1, 2019, and July 8, 2024, across various databases such as Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, PubMed MEDLINE, and PsycINFO.ResultsFollowing the PRISMA guidelines, this search identified 14,347 references, of which 5,734 were duplicates. After a thorough multi-level screening process, 29 studies, encompassing 55,242 participants, met the inclusion criteria. While seven studies reported that men adhered to a MD more than women during the COVID-19 pandemic, 12 studies also indicated that women had higher adherence to a MD compared to men. Nine studies, however, found no significant gender differences in MD adherence. Additionally, older age, higher education levels, higher socioeconomic status, and increased physical activity were linked to greater adherence to a MD in the pandemic context.ConclusionGender-specific differences in dietary behavior are influenced by factors such as socioeconomic status, gender roles, and pandemic phases as well as biases in sample composition and methodological weaknesses. Significant gaps in the evidence, particularly concerning sexual and gender minorities, are highlighted.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=421727.
Preparation, structural property, and antioxidant activities of a novel pectin polysaccharide from the flowers of Hibiscus syriacus Linn.
Authors: Chen Jialong , Ye Chaojun , Zhang Lu , Xie Zhiliang , Zhu Jianjun , Zhang Zhi 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionOxidative stress, triggered by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms, is implicated in various pathological conditions. Plant-derived polysaccharides have gained significant attention as potential natural antioxidants due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and structural versatility.MethodsThis study focuses on the purification, structural characterization, and antioxidant activities of a novel pectin polysaccharide (HFPS) isolated from the flowers of Hibiscus syriacus Linn. HFPS was purified using anion-exchange chromatography. Its chemical composition, monosaccharide profile, molecular weight distribution, and structural properties were elucidated through various analytical techniques.ResultsHFPS exhibited a predominant acidic monosaccharide composition, with galacturonic acid as the major constituent, indicating its pectin nature. The free radical scavenging activity of HFPS against ABTS·, DPPḤ, and ·OH radicals was evaluated, demonstrating a positive correlation between its antioxidant capacity and concentration. Furthermore, HFPS effectively protected HepG2 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative stress by reducing ROS accumulation, modulating redox-related enzymes (Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Glutathione peroxidase), and alleviating oxidative damage. Notably, HFPS upregulated the expression of antioxidant-related genes, including B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), while downregulating pro-apoptotic genes like Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) and Caspase-3. These findings suggest that HFPS exerts its antioxidant effects by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and redox homeostasis.DiscussionThis study contributes to the understanding of the structure-function relationships and antioxidant mechanisms of HFPS, highlighting its potential applications as a natural antioxidant in various fields.
Artificial intelligence in breast cancer survival prediction: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Javanmard Zohreh , Zarean Shahraki Saba , Safari Kosar , Omidi Abbas , Raoufi Sadaf , Rajabi Mahsa , Akbari Mohammad Esmaeil , Aria Mehrad 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundBreast cancer (BC), as a leading cause of cancer mortality in women, demands robust prediction models for early diagnosis and personalized treatment. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms offer promising solutions for automated survival prediction, driving this study’s systematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsThree online databases (Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus) were comprehensively searched (January 2016-August 2023) using key terms (“Breast Cancer”, “Survival Prediction”, and “Machine Learning”) and their synonyms. Original articles applying ML algorithms for BC survival prediction using clinical data were included. The quality of studies was assessed via the Qiao Quality Assessment tool.ResultsAmongst 140 identified articles, 32 met the eligibility criteria. Analyzed ML methods achieved a mean validation accuracy of 89.73%. Hybrid models, combining traditional and modern ML techniques, were mostly considered to predict survival rates (40.62%). Supervised learning was the dominant ML paradigm (75%). Common ML methodologies included pre-processing, feature extraction, dimensionality reduction, and classification. Deep Learning (DL), particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), emerged as the preferred modern algorithm within these methodologies. Notably, 81.25% of studies relied on internal validation, primarily using K-fold cross-validation and train/test split strategies.ConclusionThe findings underscore the significant potential of AI-based algorithms in enhancing the accuracy of BC survival predictions. However, to ensure the robustness and generalizability of these predictive models, future research should emphasize the importance of rigorous external validation. Such endeavors will not only validate the efficacy of these models across diverse populations but also pave the way for their integration into clinical practice, ultimately contributing to personalized patient care and improved survival outcomes.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024513350.
Circulating proliferative factors versus portal inflow redistribution: mechanistic insights of ALPPS-derived rapid liver regeneration
Authors: Zhang Shiran , Ma Yu , Chen Xue , Wu Shuai , Chen Geng 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundAssociating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) can induce accelerated regeneration of future liver remnant (FLR) and effectively reduce the occurrence of liver failure due to insufficient FLR after hepatectomy, thereby increasing the probability of radical resection for previously inoperable patients with liver cancer. However, the exact mechanism by which ALPPS accelerates liver regeneration remains elusive.MethodsA review of the literature was performed utilizing MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science databases in March of 2024. The key words “liver regeneration/hypertrophy”, “portal vein ligation/embolization”, “two-stage hepatectomy”, “liver partition/split” and “future liver remnant” in combination with “mechanisms”, “hemodynamics”, “cytokines”, “growth factors” or “collaterals” were searched in the title and/or abstract. The references of relevant articles were reviewed to identify additional eligible publications.ResultsPreviously, a widely accepted view is that the primary role of liver splitting in ALPPS stage 1 is to accelerate liver regeneration by promoting proliferative factor release, but increasing evidence in recent years reveal that not the circulating factors, but the portal hemodynamic alternations caused by liver parenchyma transection play a pivotal role in ALPPS-associated rapid liver hypertrophy.ConclusionParenchyma transection-induced portal hemodynamic alternations are the main triggers or driving forces of accelerated liver regeneration following ALPPS. The release of circulating proliferative factors seems to be a secondary response to liver splitting and plays an auxiliary role in this process.
Patient-reported quality of life and adherence outcomes after integrating exclusive liquid meal replacement in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing chemoradiation: results from a phase II study
Authors: Valle Luca F. , Chu Fang-I , Wang Xiaoyan , Erman Andrew , Hernandez Jackie , Kaoh Elizabeth , Edgar Nicolas , Raldow Ann C. , Wong Deborah J. , Steinberg Michael L. , Kishan Amar U. , Chin Robert K. , Hegde John V. 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesPreventing malnutrition during chemoradiation (CRT) for head and neck cancer is critical maximizing quality of life (QOL). We sought to assess patient-reported QOL outcomes after integrating exclusive liquid meal replacement with Soylent, a novel meal replacement agent, in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing CRT.MethodsPatients undergoing definitive or adjuvant concurrent CRT for locally advanced head and neck cancer enrolled on our single-institution, prospective phase II protocol evaluating nutritional replacement with Soylent. Patients who reached 5% body weight loss during CRT were transitioned to Soylent meal replacement for all nutritional needs. Patients who reached 10% body weight loss were recommended for gastrostomy tube (G-tube) placement. UW-QOL and FACT-H&amp;N questionnaires assessed patient-reported QOL prior to the receipt of CRT and following conclusion of CRT. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test were performed to assess for differences between scores at each follow-up time point and baseline.ResultsOf the 60 enrolled patients, 51/60 (85%) lost 5% of their pre-treatment body weight. Among these patients, 48/51 (94%) were successfully transitioned to Soylent. 22/48 patients subsequently lost 10% of their pre-treatment body weight, and 3/22 (14%) underwent G-tube placement with the remainder declining. This resulted in an overall G-tube rate of 5%. Among the 41 patients evaluable for QOL data, the nadirs for overall and health-related UW-QOL were reached at 1 month and rebounded to exceed baseline by 6 months. FACT-H&amp;N survey scores were reduced from 32 at baseline to 20 at 1 month (adjusted p&lt;0.001) and 26 at 3 months (adjusted p&lt;0.001), but increased to 29, 30, and 27 at 6, 12, and 18 months, without significant differences as compared to baseline (adjusted p&gt;0.38 for all).ConclusionsWe report high patient adherence and a 5% G-tube placement rate with exclusive meal replacement with Soylent in patients undergoing concurrent CRT for head and neck cancers.
Pleural Rosai-Dorfman disease complicated with renal clear cell carcinoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Tang Sudan , Yang Xinju , Wang Shunan , Xiao Qin 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundRosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare non-malignant disorder characterized by excessive proliferation of histiocytes, the cause of which remains unknown. Although the lymph nodes are the most commonly affected site, some patients may present with extranodal involvement, particularly in the skin, nasal cavity, eyes, and bones. In this report, we aim to present a unique case of RDD with pleural involvement in a 61-year-old patient. To our knowledge, only a few cases of RDD primarily manifesting as pleural disease have been reported thus far.Case summaryA 61-year-old male with left brachial plexus neuropathy was found to have a space-occupying lesion in the left posterior pleura. Initial chest CT showed a 5.7cm × 1.3cm soft tissue density shadow, which grew to 6.8cm × 1.7cm two years later. Given a history of clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pleural metastasis was suspected. The patient declined a needle biopsy but underwent surgical excision. Postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD). After surgery, the patient received anti-infection, phlegm reduction, rehydration, and analgesia treatments and recovered well.ConclusionRDD originating in pleura is rare, its clinical and imaging manifestations lack specificity, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed. It is crucial to consider the possibility of RDD when encountering nodular pleural masses or lamellar soft tissue lesions. Differential diagnosis should include pleural mesothelioma, pleural metastases, solitary fibrous neoplasms, and schwannomas of the pleura. Ultimately, a definitive diagnosis can be achieved through pathology and immunohistochemistry analysis.