bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting epidermal growth factor receptor to recruit newly generated neuroblasts in cortical brain injuries
Authors: Gómez-Oliva Ricardo , Geribaldi-Doldán Noelia , Domínguez-García Samuel , Pardillo-Díaz Ricardo , Martínez-Ortega Sergio , Oliva-Montero José María , Pérez-García Patricia , Cózar Francisco J García , Muñoz-Miranda Juan Pedro , Sánchez-Gomar Ismael , Nunez-Abades Pedro , Castro Carmen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Neurogenesis is stimulated in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of mice with cortical brain injuries. In most of these injuries, newly generated neuroblasts attempt to migrate toward the injury, accumulating within the corpus callosum not reaching the perilesional area.
Methods
We use a murine model of mechanical cortical brain injury, in which we perform unilateral cortical injuries in the primary motor cortex of adult male mice. We study neurogenesis in the SVZ and perilesional area at 7 and 14 dpi as well as the ex pression and concentration of the signaling molecule transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-α) and its receptor the epidermal growth factor (EGFR). We use the EGFR inhibitor Afatinib to promote neurogenesis in brain injuries.
Results
We show that microglial cells that emerge within the injured area and the SVZ in response to the injury express high levels of TGF-α leading to elevated concentrations of TGF-α in the cerebrospinal fluid. Thus, the number of neuroblasts in the SVZ increases in response to the injury, a large number of these neuroblasts remain immature and proliferate expressing the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the proliferation marker Ki67. Restraining TGF-α release with a classical protein kinase C inhibitor reduces the number of these proliferative EGFR+ immature neuroblasts in the SVZ. In accordance, the inhibition of the TGF-α receptor, EGFR promotes migration of neuroblasts toward the injury leading to an elevated number of neuroblasts within the perilesional area.
Conclusions
our results indicate that in response to an injury, microglial cells activated within the injury and the SVZ release TGF-α, activating the EGFR present in the neuroblasts membrane inducing their proliferation, delaying maturation and negatively regulating migration. The inactivation of this signaling pathway stimulates neuroblast migration toward the injury and enhances the quantity of neuroblasts within the injured area. These results suggest that these proteins may be used as target molecules to regenerate brain injuries.
Retrieval and Validation of the Secchi Disk Depth Values (Zsd) from the Sentinel-3 satellite data in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman
Authors: Kabiri Keivan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

In this study, the Secchi disk depth (Zsd) values as an indicator of seawater clarity/transparency were estimated using the ESA (European Space Agency) Sentinel-3A and − 3A OLCI (S3/OLCI) satellite data in the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman (PG&GO). To do so, two procedures were evaluated including an empirical methodology developed by Doron et al., 2007 and 2011 and a novel model proposed in this research formed by employing the blue (B4) and green (B6) bands of S3/OLCI data. In this regard, a total number of 157 field-measuredZsdvalues (114 training points for calibration of the models and 43 control points for accuracy assessment of them) were observed during eight research cruises conducted by the research vessel, the Persian Gulf Explorer, in the PG&OS between 2018 and 2022. The optimum methodology was then selected based on the statistical indicators including,R2(coefficient of determination), RMSE (root mean square error), and MAPE (mean absolute percentage error). However, after the indication of the optimal model, the data of all 157 observations were utilized for the calculation of unknown parameters of the model. The final results demonstrated that compared to the existing empirical model proposed by Doron et al., 2007 and 2011, the developed model in this study which was formed based on the linear and ratio terms of B4and B6bands, has more efficiency in the PG&GO. Consequently, a model in form ofZsd= e1.638B4/B6− 8.241B4− 12.876B6+ 1.26was suggested for the estimation ofZsdvalues from S3/OLCI in the PG&GO (R2 = 0.749, RMSE = 2.56 m, and MAPE = 22.47%). The results also showed that the annual oscillation of theZsdvalues in the GO (5–18 m) is evidently higher compared with those in the PG (4–12 m) and the SH (7–10 m) regions.
System simulation of Computer image recognition technology application by using improved neural network algorithm
Authors: Wang Xin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Digital image technology is penetrating into various fields of people's life, and it has been very mature and can effectively store and transmit data. Moreover, there are still various researches on image recognition, the core of this technology. The algorithm is mainly based on computer technology to obtain the target image for different scene categories, thus completely replacing the traditional classification form. Because of the limitations of traditional identification technology, there are some problems in the actual use. It does not depend on the prior knowledge requirements and can carry out complex feature space division. In this paper, an image recognition computer system is established by introducing an improved neural network algorithm. The algorithm is designed and tested, and the results show it has lower image recognition error rate. Through the computer image recognition technology design system test,it is found that the recognition accuracy is higher than the AlexNet model under four real environment conditions, which indicates that the improved and optimized model has better classification and recognition effect, the image recognition system designed in this paper can play an effective effect in practical application. By introducing the improved neural network algorithm into this field, this paper designs an image recognition algorithm with better effect.
Malaria blood stage infection suppresses liver stage infection via IFNγ but not hepcidin
Authors: Patel Hardik , Minkah Nana , KUMAR SUDHIR , Zanghi Gigliola , Reynolds Laura , Sheikh Amina , Kappe Stefan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Malaria-causing Plasmodium parasites develop into liver stages and blood stages in their mammalian hosts. The way these stages interact with each other can influence the outcome of infection and impact the epidemiology of malaria. We observed that blood stage infection severely suppresses the intra-hepatocytic development of liver stages. This suppression is not mediated by the iron-regulating hormone hepcidin, but instead by IFNγ. Our study provides critical new insights into the interactions between two developmental phases of the malaria parasite within the host and sheds light on the issues with live-attenuated malaria vaccine efficacy that have been observed in areas of high malaria transmission.
Climate and roots, not hyphal development, influence carbohydrate sharing from broad-leaved trees to ectomycorrhizal fungi under elevated CO2
Authors: Hobbie Erik A. , Siegwolf Rolf , Körner Christian , Steinmann Katharina , Wilhelm Markus , Saurer Matthias , Keel Sonja G. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

To assess the extent of belowground carbon transfer to ectomycorrhizal fungi in natural forests, we used δ13C and loge C/N measurements to calculate spatial dynamics of carbon movement into ectomycorrhizal sporocarps.

Methods

Fourteen broad-leaved trees were labeled with 13C-depleted CO2 from 2001–2005 in Switzerland and 13C traced into ectomycorrhizal sporocarps collected at different distances. We then used stepwise regressions on patterns of δ13C and loge C/N in ectomycorrhizal sporocarps as a function of distance (zone), solar radiation, fungal genus, and association type.

Results

CO2-labeled trees contributed 76 ± 5%, 36 ± 6%, and 19 ± 7% of sporocarp carbon at 0–6 m, 6–12 m, and 12–18 m from labeled trees, respectively. Literature estimates of hyphal development in different taxa did not correlate with carbon acquisition patterns. After drought in 2003, sporocarp loge C/N was low in 2004 and 13C-depleted carbon from elevated CO2 trees contributed less than in other years to sporocarps. In contrast, sporocarp loge C/N peaked in 2005 and contributions from elevated CO2 trees to the 6–12 m zone increased. Therefore, carbohydrate transport belowground decreased in 2004, reflecting plant allocation priorities, and increased in 2005. Sporocarp loge C/N varied less among years under elevated CO2 than elsewhere.

Conclusions

These patterns indicated that 1) belowground transport was influenced by climate and plant allocation, 2) root transport rather than ectomycorrhizal transport drove carbon spatial dynamics of ectomycorrhizal fungi, and 3) elevated CO2 decreased the sensitivity of belowground allocation to climatic fluctuations, suggesting improved drought resistance in a high-CO2 world.
Application of BP neural network algorithm in visualization system of sports training management
Authors: Zhao Yinghui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
When constructing the algorithm model of sports training action classification, the accuracy of action classification has an important impact on the algorithm model. How to improve the algorithm model to improve the accuracy of sports training action classification needs further research. Based on BP neural network algorithm, this paper carries out the modeling of BP neural network signal classification algorithm and the construction of BP neural network, and deduces the BP algorithm in detail. Firstly, this paper applies genetic algorithm to the initial parameter selection of BP algorithm to avoid the local optimization problem. When carrying out chromosome coding, binary coding is easy to cause the problem of too long coding string, which also needs to be restored and decoded. The algorithm runs too long and the learning accuracy is not high. Therefore, this paper uses real coding. Through simulation analysis, it can be seen that the classification accuracy of the improved algorithm model is significantly higher than that of the simple BP algorithm. In addition, this paper analyzes the requirements of the sports training management visualization system, introduces the system structure framework and network topology, describes in detail the functions of the user information management module, the training plan management module, the training test management module, the competition information management module and the scientific research information management module, and tests the visualization function of the system. Finally, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the current sports training management, and puts forward the development strategy of sports training management based on this, which lays a theoretical foundation for the scientific development of sports training.
Low-light Image Enhancement by Edge Attention Guidance and Multi-scale Feature Fusion
Authors: Zhang Yali , Meng De , Lei Zhichun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Images captured at low-light environment often suffer from low brightness, insufficient contrast and detail loss, which hinders further processing and application of the images. Thus, a low-light image enhancement algorithm based on the edge attention guidance and multi-scale feature fusion is proposed. First, a dense residual network is constructed as a feature extractor, and the extracted feature maps at different scales are fused by using a modified RefineNet, which makes full use of the feature information in the image. Second, an edge attention mechanism is designed to generate an attention map based on the edge detection results. Instead of attention networks, the attention map is combined with the loss function to guide the network training. This way, the edge detail information hidden in the dark is enhanced without increasing the network inference burden as well as the network complexity. Experiments performed on synthetic and low-illumination dataset images show that the proposed method can effectively improve the image brightness and contrast, restore image edge details.
The combined lifestyle intervention CooL in times of COVID-19: a descriptive case series study
Authors: Janssen Ester , Philippens Nicole , Kremers Stef , Crutzen Rik 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The main objective of this nationwide study was to investigate changes over time of participants after eight months of participation in the Combined Lifestyle Intervention CooL (Coaching on Lifestyle) regarding health perceptions, self-mastery, dietary intake, physical activity, alcohol use, smoking, sleep, stress management and anthropometry. Since the study took place when the COVID-19 pandemic emerged, we were able to address changes over time while participants were exposed to pandemic-related restrictions and uncertainties.
Methods
Data were collected from November 2018 until October 2021 at different locations across the Netherlands from 1824 participating adults, meeting the Combined Lifestyle Intervention inclusion criteria. We collected a broad set of data on anthropometrics, behaviours and health perceptions.
Results
The results indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted negatively on changes in self-mastery, perceived fitness and stress, but not on anthropometric outcomes, diet, sleep or social support. Overall, the outcomes show improvements in health perceptions, behaviours and weight after eight months compared to baseline. The largest effect sizes were found on weight, waist circumference, perceived health and the awareness around diet (i.e. attentiveness for diet, amount of food and consuming food).
Conclusion
Participating in CooL appeared to protect against engaging in unhealthy behaviour during the pandemic, despite a decreased sense of self-mastery and increased stress. The results support the lifestyle coaching approach that small changes in multiple behaviours can synergistically contribute to better (perceived) health and health-related outcomes.
Structure-guided inhibition of the cancer DNA-mutating enzyme APOBEC3A
Authors: Jameson Geoffrey , Harjes Stefan , Kurup Harikrishnan , Rieffer Amanda , Bayarjargal Maitsetseg , Filichetva Jana , Su Yongdong , Hale Tracy , Filichev Vyacheslav , Harjes Elena , Harris Reuben 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The normally antiviral enzyme APOBEC3A1-4 is an endogenous mutagen in many different human cancers5-7, where it becomes hijacked to fuel tumor evolvability. APOBEC3A’s single-stranded DNA C-to-U editing activity1-8 results in multiple mutagenic outcomes including signature single-base substitution mutations (isolated and clustered), DNA breakage, and larger-scale chromosomal aberrations5-7. Transgenic expression in mice demonstrates its tumorigenic potential. APOBEC3A inhibitors may therefore comprise a novel class of anti-cancer agents that work by blocking mutagenesis, preventing tumor evolvability, and lessening detrimental outcomes such as drug resistance and metastasis. Here we reveal the structural basis of competitive inhibition of wildtype APOBEC3A by hairpin DNA bearing 2’-deoxy-5-fluorozebularine in place of the cytidine in the TC recognition motif that is part of a three-nucleotide loop. The nuclease-resistant phosphorothioated derivatives of these inhibitors maintain nanomolar in vitro potency against APOBEC3A, localize to the cell nucleus, and block APOBEC3A activity in human cells. These results combine to suggest roles for these inhibitors to study A3A activity in living cells, potentially as conjuvants, leading toward next-generation, combinatorial anti-mutator and anti-cancer therapies.
Knowledge on Obstetric Emergencies and Birth Preparedness Among Pregnant Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Adoma Prince Owusu , Ofori William , Baidoo Michael Afari , Abebrese Jacob Kwadwo Amponsah 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Maternal mortality among adolescents remains high, meanwhile, it is an avoidable tragedy which can be prevented by increasing adolescent knowledge of obstetric emergencies and improving birth preparedness. The study aimed to assess pregnant adolescents’ knowledge of obstetric emergencies and their birth preparedness in Techiman Municipality, Ghana.
Methods
In the facility-based survey, the target population consisted of 3 months and above pregnant adolescents (16–19 years) who resided in the municipality and attended ANC at Holy Family Hospital in Techiman. A consecutive sampling technique was used to select 422 pregnant adolescents for the study with a questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. Moreover, frequency, percentages, chi-square, and binary logistic regression were applied in the data analysis.
Results
The results show that the majority of the respondents 233 (55.2%) had heard about obstetric emergencies and most of them 344 (81.5%) were able to notice danger signs in pregnancy. Meanwhile, 68.2% of the respondents were poorly prepared for delivery. Moreover, chi-square, bivariate and multivariate analysis revealed that the age of respondents, educational status, ethnicity, religion, marital status, number of children, and monthly income were statistically significant on knowledge and obstetric emergency preparedness. However, employment status was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
The study concludes that if pregnant women, especially adolescents, are given in-depth information regarding obstetric emergencies; they will not only be able to notice them but also take actions to deal with them. Moreover, if the adolescents’ educational status, marital status, and monthly income are improved, it will go a long way to increase the knowledge and emergency preparedness among the pregnant adolescent.
Isolation and characterization of soil cyanobacteria and microalgae and evaluation of their potential as plant biostimulants
Authors: Roque Jéssica , Brito Ângela , Rocha Mariana , Pissarra João , Nunes Telma , Bessa Márcia , Vieira Jorge , Vieira Cristina , Melo Paula , Tamagnini Paula 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims Biocrusts are found on soil surface resulting from an association between soil particles and microorganisms. Photoautotrophic cyanobacteria and microalgae are pioneers on biocrusts formation, promoting soil stability, nutrients availability and water retention, leading to the development of other communities. This work aimed at isolating and characterizing cyanobacteria and microalgae from biocrusts (Central Portugal) and to assess their potential as plant biostimulants, as well as obtaining an insight into their mechanism(s) of action.
Methods Microorganisms were isolated through successive spread plating and serial dilutions and characterized using a polyphasic approach. An initial screening was performed using exudates from each microorganism and two plant species, Arabidopsis thaliana and Lolium multiflorum. Subsequently, the selected microorganisms were tested as a consortium in hydroponic systems. Biometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated for both plant species.
Results The consortium microorganisms belong to genera often found in soils/biocrusts: Trichocoleus, Nodosilinea, and Microcoleus (filamentous cyanobacteria), Klebsormidium (filamentous microalga), and Nostoc (diazotrophic heterocystous cyanobacteria). The consortium showed biostimulant potential in hydroponic cultures, promoting both plant species growth and enhancing physiological productivity related parameters. Stress related parameters revealed that the presence of the microorganisms did not lead to a stressful situation. However, a significant increase in proline was observed, endorsing a role of this molecule in this process.
Conclusion This study contributes to the knowledge on the biodiversity of cyanobacteria and microalgae from Portuguese soils and highlights their potential as biostimulants, constituting a step forward towards understanding the molecular mechanisms behind this effect.
Predicting reference evapotranspiration in semi-arid-region by regression- based machine learning methods using limited climatic inputs
Authors: Sammen Saad Sh. , Kisi Ozgur , Al-Janabi Ahmed Mohammed Sami , Elbeltagi Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Accurately estimation of evapotranspiration is very essential for water resources planning and management projects. In this study, different regression-based machine learning techniques including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), Bagged trees algorithm (BaT) and Boosting trees algorithm (BoT) were adopted in order to model daily reference evapotranspiration (ET0) for semi-arid region. Five stations in Hemren catchment basin located at the North-East part of Iraq were selected as case study. Several climatic parameters including solar radiation (SR), wind speed (Us), relative humidity (RH), and maximum and minimum air temperatures (Tmax and Tmin) of 35 years (1979–2014) period were used as inputs to the models. Assessment of the methods with various input combinations indicated that the RF method especially with Tmax, Tmin, Tmean & SR inputs provided the best accuracy in estimating daily ET0 in all stations. It was followed by the BaT and BoT methods while the SVM had the worst accuracy. In some cases, 1st input scenario (Tmax, Tmin, Tmean, SR, WS and RH) provided slightly better accuracy than the 2nd input scenario (Tmax, Tmin, Tmean & SR).
Evaluating pain management and complications from peripheral nerve block and intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for geriatric patients following bipolar hemiarthroplasty for displaced femoral-neck fracture
Authors: Lee Tae Sung , Kwon Hyuck Min , Park Jun Young , Park Min Cheol , Park Kwan Kyu , Choi Yong Seon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroduction:The purpose of this study was to evaluate peripheral nerve block (PNB) effectiveness on postoperative pain management and surgical outcomes for displaced femoral-neck fracture in geriatric patients (>70 years) who underwent bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA).Methods:From January 2017 to December 2021, 231 geriatric patients with displaced femoral-neck fracture who consecutively underwent BHA were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) group (n=132) who received only intravenous (IV) PCA for postoperative pain management, and all others who received PNB with IV PCA (PNB+PCA) such as femoral nerve block or fascia iliaca compartment block after surgery (n=99). Primary outcomes were postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) at rest and during activity at 6, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively. Secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, changes in hemoglobin (Hb), length of hospital stay, and total morphine usage after surgery.Results:Postoperative resting VAS at 6 hours and 48 hours was significantly lower in the PNB+PCA group compared with the PCA group (p=0.075, p=0.0318, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in either resting VAS at 24 hours or active VAS. Complications of pneumonia and delirium until one month postoperative were significantly lower in the PNB + PCA group than the PCA group (p=0.0022, p=0.0055, respectively).Conclusion:PNB with IV PCA seems to have a beneficial effect on geriatric femoral-neck patients who underwent BHA with postoperative analgesia for reducing postoperative resting pain and complications, especially pneumonia and delirium.