bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low thalamic activity during a digit-symbol substitution task is associated with symptoms of subjective cognitive decline
Authors: Mizuno Akiko , Karim Helmet Talib , Ly Maria J. , Lopresti Brian J. , Cohen Ann D. , Ali Areej A. , Mathis Chester A. , Klunk William E. , Aizenstein Howard J. , Snitz Beth E. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) may represent the earliest preclinical stage of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) for some older adults. However, the underlying neurobiology of SCD is not completely understood. Since executive function may be affected earlier than memory function in the progression of AD, we aimed to characterize SCD symptoms in terms of fMRI brain activity during the computerized digit-symbol substitution task (DSST), an executive function task. We also explored associations of DSST task performance with brain activation, SCD severity, and amyloid-ß (Aß) load.MethodsWe analyzed data from 63 cognitively normal older individuals (mean age 73.6 ± 7.2) with varying degree of SCD symptoms. Participants completed a computerized version of DSST in the MR scanner and a Pittsburgh Compound-B (PiB)-PET scan to measure global cerebral Aß load.ResultsA voxel-wise analysis revealed that greater SCD severity was associated with lower dorsomedial thalamus activation. While task performance was not associated with brain activation nor Aß load, slower reaction time was associated with greater SCD severity.DiscussionThe observed lower dorsomedial thalamus activation may reflect declining familiarity-based working memory and the trans-thalamic executive function pathway in SCD. SCD symptoms may reflect altered neural function and subtle decline of executive function, while Aß load may have an indirect impact on neural function and performance. Self-perceived cognitive decline may serve as a psychological/subjective marker reflecting subtle brain changes.
Mental health in adolescents after experiencing a flood event in Bavaria, Germany—A qualitative interview study
Authors: Schürr Alina , Elbel Johanna , Hieronimi Annika , Auer Isabel , Coenen Michaela , Böse-O'Reilly Stephan 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundChildren and adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the mental health impacts of extreme weather events (EWEs). This qualitative study aims to explore the stressful and protective factors after experiencing an EWE, such as flooding, how adolescents coped with these experiences and what mental health care they received.MethodsNine semi-structured interviews were conducted with young adults (18–24 years) living in Simbach am Inn, a German town affected by flooding in 2016. The interviews were analyzed using Kuckartz's qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe days after the flood were described as the most stressful time. The main stressors were concern for their family, confrontation with the extent of the damage and uncertainty during the flood. In terms of protective factors, respondents cited talking about the flood, family support and helping with cleanup as the most important. Adolescents requested further mental health care in schools and not just in the immediate aftermath.ConclusionFuture preventive and therapeutic care measures should be optimized according to protective and stressful factors. Mental health care should be offered after months and should be low-threshold. Additionally, the social environment of adolescents is essential for their mental wellbeing after an EWE and needs to be strengthened.
Rural–urban disparities in the incidence and treatment intensity of periodontal disease among patients with diabetes
Authors: Chen Hsueh-Fen , Lee Huey-Er , Chen I-Te , Huang Yu-Ting , Ho Pei-Shan , Karim Saleema A. 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundDiabetes threatens population health, especially in rural areas. Diabetes and periodontal diseases have a bidirectional relationship. A persistence of rural–urban disparities in diabetes may indicate a rural–urban difference in periodontal disease among patients with diabetes; however, the evidence is lacking. This retrospective study aimed to investigate rural–urban discrepancies in the incidence and treatment intensity of periodontal disease among patients who were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in the year 2010.MethodsThe present study was a retrospective cohort design, with two study samples: patients with type 2 diabetes and those who were further diagnosed with periodontal disease. The data sources included the 2010 Diabetes Mellitus Health Database at the patient level, the National Geographic Information Standardization Platform and the Department of Statistics, Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan at the township level. Two dependent variables were a time-to-event outcome for periodontal disease among patients with type 2 diabetes and the treatment intensity measured for patients who were further diagnosed with periodontal disease. The key independent variables are two dummy variables, representing rural and suburban areas, with urban areas as the reference group. The Cox and Poisson regression models were applied for analyses.ResultsOf 68,365 qualified patients, 49% of them had periodontal disease within 10 years after patients were diagnosed with diabetes. Compared to urban patients with diabetes, rural (HR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75–0.91) and suburban patients (HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.83–0.89) had a lower incidence of periodontal disease. Among 33,612 patients with periodontal disease, rural patients received less treatment intensity of dental care (Rural: RR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.92; suburban: RR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.92, 0.95) than urban patients.ConclusionGiven the underutilization of dental care among rural patients with diabetes, a low incidence of periodontal disease indicates potentially undiagnosed periodontal disease, and low treatment intensity signals potentially unmet dental needs. Our findings provide a potential explanation for the persistence of rural–urban disparities in poor diabetes outcomes. Policy interventions to enhance the likelihood of identifying periodontal disease at the early stage for proper treatment would ease the burden of diabetes care and narrow rural–urban discrepancies in diabetes outcomes.
Evidence of increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes and ketoacidosis among children in the Republic of Srpska in period 2017–2022 with special focus on COVID-19 global pandemic years
Authors: Bukara-Radujkovic Gordana , Miljkovic Vesna , Ljuboja Olivera 
Published: September 2023

Background and objectivesPrimary focus of the research was to determine the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the period from 2017 to 2022, and whether COVID-19 had an impact on the increase in the number of newly diagnosed children with diabetes type 1 under the age of 15 in the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina). In the period 2001–2016 the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus was 11/100,000, with an annual increasing rate of 14.2%.MethodsAvailable data from pediatric endocrinology clinics, in the Republic of Srpska, on the number of newly diagnosed patients with diabetes mellitus in the period from January 1, 2017 until December 31, 2022 were used. A retrospective analysis was performed, and the capture-recapture method was used for the final assessment, and the obtained result corresponds to about 99% of the population.ResultsThe total number of children in the group of 0–14 years of age diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus in this period was 183, of which 96 (52.46%) were boys, and 87 (47.54%) were girls. The average age at which diabetes mellitus was diagnosed was 8.3 ± 3.9 years. Average incidence of diabetes in the period 2017–2022 was 19/100,000 (95% CI 13.1–25.0). The highest incidence was 28.7/100,000 in 2020, the first year of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Out of a total of 183 newly diagnosed cases in the period 2017–2022, 73 (39.9%) were diagnosed with ketoacidosis upon admission. The largest number of newly diagnosed children was recorded in the group of children aged 10–14 years.ConclusionIn the last 6 years, there has been a significant increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children under the age of 15. With an incidence of 19.4/100,000 in the Republic of Srpska, we entered the group of countries with high-risk for diabetes. Further steps must focus on the education of the entire society in order to recognize the symptoms of the disease in time and prevent the occurrence of ketoacidosis, which could significantly reduce the burden on health systems, especially in times of global pandemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Assessing the implementation of user-centred design standards on assistive technology for persons with visual impairments: a systematic review
Authors: Ortiz-Escobar Luisa Maria , Chavarria Mario Andres , Schönenberger Klaus , Hurst Samia , Stein Michael Ashley , Mugeere Anthony , Rivas Velarde Minerva 
Published: September 2023

Despite scientific and technological advances in the field of assistive technology (AT) for people with visual impairment (VI), technological designs are frequently based on a poor understanding of the physical and social context of use, resulting in devices that are less than optimal for their intended beneficiaries. To resolve this situation, user-centred approaches in the development process of AT have been widely adopted in recent years. However, there is a lack of systematization on the application of this approach. This systematic review registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022307466), assesses the application of the ISO 9241-210 human-centred design principles in allegedly “user-centred designed” AT developments for persons with VI (see Supplementary PROSPERO Protocol). The results point to a wide variation of the depth of understanding of user needs, a poor characterization of the application of the User Centred Design (UCD) approach in the initial design phases or in the early prototyping, and a vague description of user feedback and device iteration. Among the principles set out in ISO 9241-210, the application of 5.6: “the design team includes multidisciplinary skills and perspectives” is the one for which the least evidence is found. The results show there is not enough evidence to fully assess the impact of UCD in (1) promoting innovation regarding AT products and practices, and (2) Judging if AT produced following such standards is leading to better user access, wellbeing outcomes and satisfaction. To address this gap it is necessary to, first, generate better implementation of UCD in AT development and second, to strengthen evidence regarding the implementation and outcomes of using UCD for AT. To better engage with the realities of persons with VI, we propose capacity building across development teams regarding UCD, its principles and components; better planning for UCD implementation; and cross-fertilization across engineering disciplines and social and clinical science.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=307466 PROSPERO (CRD42022307466).
Chronic insomnia: are patients also suffering from PTSD symptoms?
Authors: Lardant Emma , Vialatte François , Ramdani Céline , Chauveau Frédéric , Gauriau Caroline , Storms Léna , Trousselard Marion , Léger Damien 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionInsomnia is highly prevalent in the general population, and is commonly associated with somatic and psychiatric comorbidities. However, its origins remain poorly-understood. Recently, adverse childhood events (ACE), including traumatic experiences, have been found to be significantly associated with both insomnia and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD). Many patients with PTSD suffer from sleep disorders. However, we know much less about traumatic childhood experiences in patients with insomnia and PTSD.MethodsOur exploratory study investigated a cohort of 43 patients (14 males, 29 females) clinically diagnosed with chronic insomnia at a sleep center, and systematically evaluated their condition using the trauma history questionnaire (THQ), and the PTSD checklist (PCL-5).ResultsOur results show that 83.72% of insomnia patients reported at least one traumatic event, while the prevalence of PTSD symptoms was 53.49%. For 11.6% of patients, insomnia began in childhood, while for 27.07% it began in adolescence. PCL-5 scores were associated with higher Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) scores, but not trauma. ISI scores were also higher for women, and positive relationships were observed between ISI scores, PCL-5 scores and the number of self-reported traumatic events among women.ConclusionsThese exploratory results highlight that the relationship between PTSD symptoms and insomnia could be sex-specific. They also highlight the importance of PTSD symptoms screening for patients diagnosed with chronic insomnia.
Type of Refugee Accommodation and Health of Residents: A Cross-Sectional, Population-Based Cluster Analysis in South-West Germany
Authors: Mohsenpour Amir , Dudek Verena , Bozorgmehr Kayvan , Biddle Louise , Razum Oliver , Sauzet Odile 
Published: September 2023

Objectives: Few studies have assessed whether refugees’ health is associated with accommodation characteristics. We aimed to devise a typology of refugee accommodation based on variables on the accommodation and its physical context before assessing its association with health in multivariate analyses.Methods: We performed a cluster analysis based on a hierarchal, agglomerative clustering algorithm using Euclidean Distance and Ward’s method. We analysed accommodation clusters based on number of inhabitants, degree of housing deterioration, urbanity of location (urban/rural distinction), and remoteness (walking distance to shops, medical or administrative services). In total, we analysed health and accommodation data of 412 refugees and asylum seekers from 58 different accommodation facilities in the federal state of Baden-Württemberg in the south-west of Germany.Results: Accommodations with a moderate occupation, lowest levels of deterioration, and a central urban location showed the best health outcomes in terms of subjective general health status, depression, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Associations were strongest for GAD and weakest for depression.Conclusion: Our findings inform policymakers on layout and location of refugee collective accommodation centres.
In Vitro Prebiotic Effects and Antibacterial Activity of Five Leguminous Honeys
Authors: Fratianni Florinda , De Giulio Beatrice , d’Acierno Antonio , Amato Giuseppe , De Feo Vincenzo , Coppola Raffaele , Nazzaro Filomena 
Published: September 2023

Honey is a natural remedy for various health conditions. It exhibits a prebiotic effect on the gut microbiome, including lactobacilli, essential for maintaining gut health and regulating the im-mune system. In addition, monofloral honey can show peculiar therapeutic properties. We in-vestigated some legumes honey’s prebiotic properties and potential antimicrobial action against different pathogens. We assessed the prebiotic potentiality of honey by evaluating the antioxidant activity, the growth, and the in vitro adhesion of Lacticaseibacillus casei, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus intact cells. We also tested the honey’s capacity to inhibit or limit the biofilm produced by five pathogenic strains. Finally, we assessed the anti-biofilm activity of the growth medium of probiotics cultured with honey as an energy source. Most probiotics increased their growth or the in vitro adhesion ability to 84.13% and 48.67%, respectively. Overall, alfalfa honey best influenced the probiotic strains’ growth and in vitro adhesion properties. Their radical-scavenging activity arrived at 83.7%. All types of honey increased the antioxidant activity of the probiotic cells, except for the less sensitive L. plantarum. Except for a few cases, we observed a bio-film-inhibitory action of all legumes’ honey, with percentages up to 81.71%. Carob honey was the most effective in inhibiting the biofilm of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus; it retained almost entirely the ability to act against the bio-film of E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and S. aureus also when added to the bacterial growth medium instead of glucose. On the other hand, alfalfa and astragalus honey exhibited greater efficacy in acting against the biofilm of Acinetobacter baumannii. Indigo honey, whose biofilm-inhibitory action was fragile per se, was very effective when we added it to the culture broth of L. casei, whose supernatant exhibited an anti-biofilm activity against all the pathogenic strains tested. Conclusions: the five kinds of honey in different ways can improve some prebiotic properties and have an inhibitory biofilm effect when consumed.
Insecticidal Activity of Tannins from Selected Brown Macroalgae against the Cotton Leafhopper Amrasca devastans
Authors: Petchidurai Ganeshan , Sahayaraj Kitherian , Al-Shuraym Laila A. , Albogami Bader Z. , Sayed Samy M. 
Published: September 2023

Seaweeds, also known as marine macroalgae, are renewable biological resources that are found worldwide and possess a wide variety of secondary metabolites, including tannins. Drifted brown seaweed (DBSW) is particularly rich in tannins and is regarded as biological trash. The cotton leaf hopper Amrasca devastans (Distant) has caused both quantitative and qualitative losses in cotton production. Drifted brown seaweeds (DBSWs) were used in this study to extract, qualitatively profile, and quantify the levels of total tannins, condensed tannins, hydrolyzable tannins, and phlorotannins in the seaweeds; test their insecticidal activity; and determine the mechanism of action. The largest amount of tannin extract was found in Sargassum wightii Greville (20.62%) using the Soxhlet method (SM). Significantly higher amounts of hydrolyzable tannins (p = 0.005), soluble phlorotannins (p = 0.005), total tannins in the SM (p = 0.003), and total tannins in the cold percolation method (p = 0.005) were recorded in S. wightii. However, high levels of condensed tannins (CTAs) were observed in Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J. Agardh (p = 0.004). A. devastans nymphs and adults were examined for oral toxicity (OT) and contact toxicity (CT) against DBSW tannin crude extract and column chromatographic fractions 1 (Rf = 0.86) and 2 (Rf = 0.88). Stoechospermum polypodioides (J.V. Lamouroux) J. Agardh crude tannin was highly effective against A. devastans using the OT method (LC50, 0.044%) when compared with the standard gallic acid (LC50, 0.044%) and tannic acid (LC50, 0.122%). Similarly, S. wightii fraction 2 (LC50, 0.007%) showed a greater insecticidal effect against A. devastans adults in OT than gallic acid (LC50, 0.034%) and tannic acid (LC50, 0.022%). The mechanism of action results show that A. devastans adults treated with crude tannin of T. ornata had significantly decreased amylase, protease (p = 0.005), and invertase (p = 0.003) levels when compared with the detoxification enzymes. The levels of glycosidase, lactate dehydrogenase, esterase, lipase, invertase, and acid phosphate activities (p = 0.005) of S. wightii were reduced when compared with those of the Vijayneem and chemical pesticide Monocrotophos. In adult insects treated with LC50 concentrations of S. wightii tannin fraction 1, the total body protein (9.00 µg/µL) was significantly reduced (OT, LC50—0.019%). The SDS-PAGE analysis results also show that S. wightii tannin fraction 1 (OT and CT), fraction 2 (OT), and S. polypodioides fraction 2 (CT) had a significant effect on the total body portion level, appearance, and disappearance of some proteins and polypeptides. This study shows that the selected brown macroalgae can be utilized for the safer management of cotton leaf hoppers.
Integration of social determinants of health information within the primary care electronic health record: a systematic review of patient perspectives and experiences
Authors: Arroyave Caicedo Nicolle Marianne , Parry Emma , Arslan Nazan , Park Sophie 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundSocial determinants of health (SDOH) are the non-medical factors that impact health. Although geographical measures of deprivation are used, individual measures of social risk could identify those most at risk and generate more personalised care and targeted referrals to community resources. We know SDOH are important to health care, but it is not yet known whether their collection via the electronic health record (EHR) is acceptable and useful from the patient perspective.AimTo synthesise relevant literature to explore patient perspectives on integrating information about SDOH into primary care EHRs, and the opportunities and challenges of its implementation in a general practice setting.Design & settingSystematic review of primary care-based qualitative and mixed-method studies using thematic framework analysis.MethodKey databases were searched for articles reporting patient perspectives of SDOH collection within the primary care EHR. Qualitative and mixed-methods studies written in English were included. A framework analysis was conducted to identify themes.ResultsFrom 14 included studies, the following five main themes were identified: rationale for SDOH screening and the anticipated outcomes; impact of the provider–patient relationship on patient perceptions; data, which included privacy concerns; screening process and referral; and recommendations for future research.ConclusionIntegration of information on SDOH into the EHR appears acceptable to patients. This review has added to the discussion of whether and how to implement SDOH screening and referral programmes into UK primary care systems.
MARGENS À MARGEM
Authors: Do Amaral Thais Fernandes 
Published: September 2023

Com vistas a ampliar discussões relativas aos estudos da Colonialidade e Decolonialidade na disciplina Ciência da Religião no Brasil, este artigo objetiva responder a seguinte questão: como se articulam as questões da Colonialidade do Poder, Ser e Saber e o caso retratado no podcast A Mulher da Casa Abandonada? Para tal, por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, o início se voltará para a compreensão da Colonialidade e suas faces, com foco na relação entre os europeus invasores, os povos originários de Abya Ayala e os povos do continente africano. A seguir serão articulados os dados obtidos no início do texto com o caso do podcast e a condição de trabalho doméstico das mulheres pretas no país. Por fim, serão traçados breves intuições relativas às Teorias Descoloniais, necessárias para que haja uma inversão no mapa imaginário que coloca o Norte acima do Sul, em uma relação hierárquica de opostos.
Організація самостійної навчально-пізнавальної діяльності студентів мистецьких факультетів ЗВО у процесі вивчення диригентсько-хорових дисциплін
Authors: Костенко Людмила 
Published: September 2023

У статті акцентовано увагу на проблемі формування самостійності студентів у процесі диригентсько-хорової підготовки, подано теоретичне узагальнення досвіду організації самостійної навчально-пізнавальної діяльності студентів мистецьких факультетів ЗВО. Наукова новизна статті полягає в узагальненні та досвіді організації самостійної навчально - пізнавальної діяльності студентів мистецьких факультетів. Пропонується впровадження системи інноваційних технологій навчання з метою забезпечення високого професійно-кваліфікаційного рівня випускників, відповідно до вимог сучасних стандартів вищої освіти. Розглянуто етапи вивчення диригентсько-хорових дисциплін в умовах впровадження КМС: діагностичного (визначення рівня музично-теоретичної та практичної підготовки студента-початківця); організаційного (розробка форм та методів самостійної диригентсько-хорової підготовки); управлінського (створення зовнішніх і внутрішніх умов, що регулюють процес індивідуалізації самостійної роботи студентів). Пропонований підхід організації навчально-пізнавальної діяльності студентів розглянуто в контексті розвитку творчої самостійності вчителів-хормейстерів.