bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The moisture origin of dew: Insights from three sites with contrasting climatic conditions
Authors: Tian Chao , Wang Lixin , Li Fadong , Zhang Xiao , Jiao Wenzhe , Medici Marie‐Gabrielle , Farai Kaseke Kudzai , Beysens Daniel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDew is one of the important moisture sources in many arid and semiarid regions. The knowledge of moisture origin of dew under various climatic conditions is still lacking. Isotopic variations can preserve information about moisture origin and formation mechanisms. Therefore, the isotopic compositions of dew and precipitation (δ2H, δ18O, δ17O, d‐excess, lc‐excess and 17O‐excess) were investigated at three sites with different climatic conditions (i.e., Gobabeb with extremely dry climate, Nice with Mediterranean climate and Indianapolis with humid continental climate). The results showed that there were three types of dew at Gobabeb: advective dew, groundwater‐derived dew, and shallow soil water‐derived dew, accounting for 27.3%, 45.4% and 27.3% of the dew events, respectively. The ultimate moisture sources of advective dew and the other two types of dew at Gobabeb were from the South Atlantic Ocean and a mixture of the Indian and South Atlantic Oceans, respectively. Dew in Nice included ocean‐derived dew from the North Atlantic Ocean with local evapotranspiration replenishment, and local‐derived dew, mainly from the continental Europe and Mediterranean Sea, accounting for 39.1% and 60.9% of the dew events, respectively. All the Indianapolis dew were likely local‐derived dew. Based on the moisture origins, the future dew trends were speculated under global warming. Dew frequencies at Gobabeb and Indianapolis under future climates are uncertain due to the concurrent increases in atmospheric water vapour and temperature. The local‐derived dew in Nice would likely decrease due to the decreasing precipitation and increasing drought, and the ocean‐derived dew under future climates is uncertain. This study provides a practical method to distinguish dew moisture sources, and such information is useful for future prediction of dew trends under climate change.
Quantitative analysis of a novel DNA hypermethylation panel using bronchial specimen for lung cancer diagnosis
Authors: Dou Maosen , Li Dan , Zhu Mengchan , Guo Wei , Miao Changhong , Li Min , Xue Ying , He Ruiping , Jiang Nan , Ge Di , Hu Qin , Shao Yue , Hou Yingyong , Wang Xuefei , Huang Xingxu , Liu Tianshu , Wang Qi , Wang Yuehong , Sun Jiayuan , Wang Weibing , Song Yuanlin , Hu Jie , Huang Qihong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNon‐diagnostic findings are common in transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) and endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial lung biopsy (EBUS‐TBLB). One of the challenges is to improve the detection of lung cancer using these techniques. To address this issue, we utilized an 850 K methylation chip to identify methylation sites that distinguish malignant from benign lung nodules. Our study found that a combination of HOXA7, SHOX2 and SCT methylation analysis has the best diagnostic yield in bronchial washing (sensitivity: 74.1%; AUC: 0.851) and brushing samples (sensitivity: 86.1%; AUC: 0.915). We developed a kit comprising these three genes and validated it in 329 unique bronchial washing samples, 397 unique brushing samples and 179 unique patients with both washing and brushing samples. The panel's accuracy in lung cancer diagnosis was 86.9%, 91.2% and 95% in bronchial washing, brushing and washing + brushing samples, respectively. When combined with cytology, rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE), and histology, the panel's sensitivity in lung cancer diagnosis was 90.8% and 95.8% in bronchial washing and brushing samples, respectively, and 100% in washing + brushing samples. Our findings suggest that quantitative analysis of the three‐gene panel can improve the diagnosis of lung cancer using bronchoscopy.
Creation and execution of an effective critical care pharmacist collaborative in an academic health system
Authors: Derry Katrina L. , Duby Jeremiah J. , Firestone Rachelle L. , Li Fanny , Box Kevin , Atallah Steven , Eskandari Adonia , Huang Wan‐Ting , Park Jung Hoon , Schomer Kendra J. , Vu Lan , Bakas Mira L. , Nader Niousha , Gross Kendall , Caffarini Erica , Wimer Dexter , Lee Sue , Lichtmann Andrew , Grubbs John 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHospital systems continue to face significant pressure to mitigate medication costs, which may be achieved by effective pharmacy collaboration between medical centers. The purpose of this narrative is to discuss the essential elements, methods, obstacles, and solutions that were encountered in the formation and function of a successful multicenter pharmacy collaborative. The objective is to share the tools and examples that illustrate the framework and mechanics employed by a collaborative to execute initiatives that improved patient care and institutional processes. In 2018, five academic medical centers (AMCs) formed a critical care pharmacy collaborative team (PCT). The group's sustainable leadership structure allowed for equal voicing while avoiding individual burnout. Focused monthly working meetings allowed for comparison of each AMC's best practices to identify unexplored practice gaps and project planning. System goals with standardized metrics were set and parallel institutional approaches were implemented. Pooling use experience from five AMCs allowed for a larger sample size for data evaluation to assist in management of high impact medications. Additional benefits of group collaboration extended to research opportunities and incorporation of pharmacy learners for practice‐based learning. During this journey, barriers were uncovered including inconsistent access to a centralized secure platform for information sharing, data collection and analysis, overreliance of responsibilities on few individuals, and unpredictable dedicated project time for team leads and members. Overall, pharmacist led stewardship projects across five AMCs were leveraged to advance patient care through increased clinical guideline adherence, operational efficiency, and medication cost savings.
Multiple testing with covariate adjustment in experimental economics
Authors: List John A. , Shaikh Azeem M. , Vayalinkal Atom 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThis paper provides a framework for testing multiple null hypotheses simultaneously using experimental data in which simple random sampling is used to assign treatment status to units. Using general results from the multiple testing literature, we develop under weak assumptions a procedure that (i) asymptotically controls the familywise error rate—the probability of one or more false rejections—and (ii) is asymptotically balanced in that the marginal probability of rejecting any true null hypothesis is approximately equal in large samples. Our procedure improves upon classical methods by incorporating information about the joint dependence structure of the test statistics when determining which null hypotheses to reject, leading to gains in power. An important point of departure from prior work is that we exploit observed, baseline covariates to obtain further gains in power. The precise way in which we incorporate these covariates is based on recent results from the statistics literature in order to ensure that inferences are typically more powerful in large samples.
Green micellar stability‐indicating high‐performance liquid chromatography method for determination of rupatadine fumarate in the presence of its main impurity desloratadine: Oxidative degradation kinetics study
Authors: Amer Mona M. , Habib Ahmed A. , Hammad Sherin F. , Kamal Amira H. 
Published: May 2023

A green micellar stability‐indicating high‐performance liquid chromatography method was developed for rupatadine fumarate determination in existence with its main impurity desloratadine. Separation was attained using Hypersil ODS column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), the micellar mobile phase consisted of 0.13 M sodium dodecyl sulfate, 0.1 M disodium hydrogen phosphate adjusted by phosphoric acid to pH 2.8 and 10% n‐butanol. The column was maintained at 45◦C and detection was carried out at 267 nm. A linear response was achieved over the range of 2–160 μg/ml for rupatadine and 0.4–8 μg/ml for desloratadine. The method was applied for rupatadine determination in alergoliber tablets and alergoliber syrup without the interference of methyl paraben and propyl paraben present as main excipients. Rupatadine fumarate revealed pronounced susceptibility to oxidation; further study of oxidative degradation kinetics was carried out. Rupatadine was found to follow pseudo‐first‐order kinetics when exposed to 10% H2O2 at 60 and 80°C and the activation energy was found to be 15.69 Kcal/mol. At a lower temperature (40°C), degradation kinetics regression was best fitted as a polynomial quadratic relationship, thus rupatadine oxidation at a lower temperature tends to adopt a second‐order kinetics rate. Oxidative degradation product structure was revealed using infrared and found to be rupatadine N‐oxide at all temperature values.
Athermalization of the Lasing Wavelength in Vertical‐Cavity Surface‐Emitting Lasers
Authors: Persson Lars , Hjort Filip , Cardinali Giulia , Enslin Johannes , Kolbe Tim , Wernicke Tim , Kneissl Michael , Ciers Joachim , Haglund Åsa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA concept for vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting lasers (VCSELs) is proposed and demonstrated to obtain a lasing wavelength with unprecedented temperature stability. The concept is based on incorporating a dielectric material with a negative thermo‐optic coefficient, dn/dT, in the distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) to compensate the positive dn/dT of the semiconductor cavity. In a short cavity, the optical field has a significant overlap with the DBRs, and the redshift of the lasing wavelength caused by the semiconductor cavity can be compensated by the negative dn/dT of the DBRs. Here, proof of this concept is presented for optically‐pumped VCSELs emitting at 310 nm, demonstrating a lasing wavelength that even blueshifts by less than 0.1 nm over an 80 °C range with a maximum slope of –3.4 pm K−1. This is to be compared with a redshift of 1–1.5 nm over the same temperature range reported for III‐nitride blue‐emitting VCSELs. Furthermore, this method can also be implemented in VCSELs with longer cavity lengths by including a dielectric layer between the semiconductor and the DBR. The approach used here to obtain a temperature‐stable lasing wavelength is generic and can therefore be applied to VCSELs in all material systems and lasing wavelengths.
Recombinant Multi‐l‐Arginyl‐Poly‐l‐Aspartate (Cyanophycin) as an Emerging Biomaterial
Authors: Tseng Wen‐Chi , Fang Tsuei‐Yun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMulti‐l‐arginyl‐poly‐l‐aspartate (MAPA) is a non‐ribosomal polypeptide which synthesis is directed by cyanophycin synthetase, and its production can be achieved using recombinant microorganisms carrying the cphA gene. Along its poly‐aspartate backbone, arginine or lysine links to each aspartate via an isopeptide bond. MAPA is a zwitterionic polyelectrolyte full of charged carboxylic, amine, and guanidino groups. In aqueous solution, MAPA exhibits dual thermal and pH responses similar to those stimuli‐responsive polymers. Being biocompatible, the films containing MAPA can support cell proliferation and elicits minimal immune response in macrophages. Dipeptides from MAPA after enzymatic treatments can provide nutritional benefits. In light of the increasing interest in MAPA, this article focuses on the recent discovery of the function of cyanophycin synthetase and the potentials of MAPA as a biomaterial.
Adolescent BMI trajectory and associations with adult metabolic syndrome and offspring obesity
Authors: Frank Darren M. , Bradshaw Patrick T. , Mujahid Mahasin , Epel Elissa , Lararia Barbara A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study examined the association of adolescent BMI trajectory with adult metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) and with intergenerational obesity.MethodsThis study used data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Growth and Health Study (1987–1997). Data from the 20‐year follow‐up (2016–2019) study were included from the original participants (N = 624) and their children (N = 645). Adolescent BMI trajectories were identified using latent trajectory modeling. Mediation analysis using logistic regression models was performed to estimate confounder‐adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI between adolescent BMI trajectory and adult MetSyn. Using similar methods, the association between BMI trajectory and offspring obesity was examined.ResultsLatent trajectory modeling identified four patterns: “weight loss then gain” (N = 62); “persistently normal” (N = 374); “persistently high BMI” (N = 127); and “weight gain then loss” (N = 61). Women who had a persistently high BMI trajectory had twice the odds of having children who met the definition for obesity compared with the persistently normal group, adjusting for adult BMI (OR: 2.76; 95% CI: 1.39–5.46). None of the trajectory groups was associated with adult MetSyn compared with the persistently normal group.ConclusionsIntermittent adolescent obesity may not confer MetSyn risk during adulthood. However, maternal adolescent BMI trajectories that are persistently high may increase the odds of intergenerational obesity among offspring.
Intrapleural findings of pulmonary light‐chain deposition disease
Authors: Yamashita Takashi , Takei Kensuke , Matsubayashi Yuta , Mizuno Kiyomichi , Asai Katsuyuki 
Published: May 2023

Key messageLight‐chain deposition disease is accompanied not only by characteristic CT findings but also by characteristic gross findings of the visceral pleura. Medical thoracoscopy could diagnose LCDD by the findings of the thoracic cavity.
Almost output tracking control for switched positive systems: A hysteresis switching strategy
Authors: Wang Peng , Zhang Hehong , Sang Hong , Niu Ben 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work studies the almost output tracking control problem via the co‐design of controllers and a switching strategy for switched positive systems. For devising a hysteresis switching strategy, the nonnegative state space is divided into some subdomains, where each subdomain corresponds to an activated subsystem. The main advantage of the proposed methodology is that the switching frequency can be reduced in contrast to the min‐switching based designs, and the almost output tracking control problem is allowed to be unsolvable for each subsystem. The almost output tracking criteria, based on multiple linear copositive Lyapunov functions are established in linear vector inequalities form, which ensures asymptotic convergence of the output tracking error to zero, the positivity as well as a prescribed ‐gain index in presence of disturbances. Finally, the theoretical findings are applied to the output tracking control of the boost converter circuit.
Role of Curvature‐Sensing Proteins in the Uptake of Nanoparticles with Different Mechanical Properties
Authors: Montizaan Daphne , Saunders Catherine , Yang Keni , Sasidharan Sajitha , Maity Sourav , Reker‐Smit Catharina , Stuart Marc C. A. , Montis Costanza , Berti Debora , Roos Wouter H. , Salvati Anna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNanoparticles of different properties, such as size, charge, and rigidity, are used for drug delivery. Upon interaction with the cell membrane, because of their curvature, nanoparticles can bend the lipid bilayer. Recent results show that cellular proteins capable of sensing membrane curvature are involved in nanoparticle uptake; however, no information is yet available on whether nanoparticle mechanical properties also affect their activity. Here liposomes and liposome‐coated silica are used as a model system to compare uptake and cell behavior of two nanoparticles of similar size and charge, but different mechanical properties. High‐sensitivity flow cytometry, cryo‐TEM, and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy confirm lipid deposition on the silica. Atomic force microscopy is used to quantify the deformation of individual nanoparticles at increasing imaging forces, confirming that the two nanoparticles display distinct mechanical properties. Uptake studies in HeLa and A549 cells indicate that liposome uptake is higher than for the liposome‐coated silica. RNA interference studies to silence their expression show that different curvature‐sensing proteins are involved in the uptake of both nanoparticles in both cell types. These results confirm that curvature‐sensing proteins have a role in nanoparticle uptake, which is not restricted to harder nanoparticles, but includes softer nanomaterials commonly used for nanomedicine applications.
Bifunctional Onium and Potassium Iodides as Nucleophilic Catalysts for the Solvent‐Free Syntheses of Carbonates, Thiocarbonates, and Oxazolidinones from Epoxides
Authors: Shirakawa Seiji 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe catalytic potential of organo‐onium iodides as nucleophilic catalysts is aptly demonstrated in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from epoxides and carbon dioxide (CO2), as a representative CO2 utilization reaction. Although organo‐onium iodide nucleophilic catalysts are metal‐free environmentally benign catalysts, harsh reaction conditions are generally required to efficiently promote the coupling reactions of epoxides and CO2. To solve this problem and accomplish efficient CO2 utilization reactions under mild conditions, bifunctional onium iodide nucleophilic catalysts bearing a hydrogen bond donor moiety were developed by our research group. Based on the successful bifunctional design of the onium iodide catalysts, nucleophilic catalysis using a potassium iodide (KI)‐tetraethylene glycol complex was also investigated in coupling reactions of epoxides and CO2 under mild reaction conditions. These effective bifunctional onium and potassium iodide nucleophilic catalysts were applied to the solvent‐free syntheses of 2‐oxazolidinones and cyclic thiocarbonates from epoxides.
Distributive justice and the global emissions budget
Authors: Schulan Alexander , Tank Lukas , Baatz Christian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order not to significantly overshoot maximum levels of warming like the 1.5 and 2°C target we must stay within a fixed emissions budget. How to fairly distribute the entitlements to emit within such a budget is perhaps the most intensely discussed question in all of climate justice. In our review we discuss the most prominent proposals in moral and political philosophy on how to solve this question and put a special emphasis on scholarly contributions from the last decade. We canvass the arguments for and against emissions egalitarianism, emissions sufficientarianism, and emissions grandfathering as well as the debates surrounding them. These are how to deal with non‐compliance, how to split emissions between producers and consumers, how to best account for terrestrial carbon sinks, and whether emissions from having children should be subtracted from parents' emissions budgets. From the viewpoint of justice, it matters not only that we act against climate change but also how we do so. This review aims to elucidate one of the major ways in which our reaction to climate change could be just or unjust.This article is categorized under:
Climate, Nature, and Ethics > Climate Change and Global Justice
Climate, Nature, and Ethics > Ethics and Climate Change
Holographic light dilaton at the conformal edge
Authors: Rojas Jesús Cruz , Hong Deog Ki , Im Sang Hui , Järvinen Matti 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study a simple holographic model for gauge theories near the conformal edge to show that the dilaton can be parametrically lighter than any other composite states. The masses of all composite states, except the Nambu-Goldstone bosons like dilaton, are bounded by the infrared scale or the dynamical mass. The parametric dependence of the dilaton mass is controlled by the closeness of the anomalous dimension of the quark bilinear, that breaks spontaneously the scale symmetry, to the conformality. We also show in the holographic dual that under certain assumptions, the dilaton saturates at low energy the anomalous Ward identity for the dilatation currents.
Take-Home Naloxon: Ein Baustein der Drogennotfallprophylaxe auch in Deutschland
Authors: Fleißner Simon , Stöver Heino , Schäffer Dirk 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Medikament Naloxon ist ein Opioidantagonist, der innerhalb von Minuten die (atemlähmende) Wirkung von Opioiden im Körper aufhebt. Naloxon kann dadurch zur Reduktion von Todesfällen bei Opioidüberdosierung beitragen. „Take-Home Naloxon“ (THN) ist eine Maßnahme, die vom European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) und der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) empfohlen wird. Dabei werden Opioidkonsumierende und deren Angehörige, Freunde oder Bekannte im Umgang mit Naloxon geschult und für den Notfall mit dem Medikament ausgestattet.Bisher wird THN in Deutschland überwiegend von einzelnen Einrichtungen der Suchthilfe umgesetzt. Damit das Potenzial von THN voll genutzt werden kann, ist es notwendig, die Maßnahme in Deutschland flächendeckend zu etablieren. Insbesondere in (niedrigschwelligen) Suchthilfeeinrichtungen, psychiatrischen Einrichtungen, im Rahmen von Opioidsubstitutionsbehandlungen und im Justizvollzug kann THN in das Angebot aufgenommen werden.Dieser Diskussionsartikel greift die bisherige Entwicklung von THN in Deutschland seit 1998 auf, zeigt die Schwierigkeiten und Hindernisse einer flächendeckenden Umsetzung und stellt dar, wie THN als wirkungsvolle Public-Health-Maßnahme auch in Deutschland gelingen kann. Besonders relevant ist dies angesichts der seit 10 Jahren steigenden Zahl von Drogentodesfällen.
Fine mapping of a Fusarium crown rot resistant locus on chromosome arm 6HL in barley by exploiting near isogenic lines, transcriptome profiling, and a large near isogenic line-derived population
Authors: Gao Shang , Jiang Yunfeng , Zhou Hong , Liu Yaxi , Li Huihui , Liu Chunji , Zheng Zhi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Key message
This study reported validation and fine mapping of a Fusarium crown rot resistant locus on chromosome arm 6HL in barley using near isogenic lines, transcriptome sequences, and a large near isogenic line-derived population.

Abstract
Fusarium crown rot (FCR), caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum, is a chronic and serious disease affecting cereal production in semi-arid regions globally. The increasing prevalence of this disease in recent years is attributed to the widespread adoption of minimum tillage and stubble retention practices. In the study reported here, we generated eight pairs of near isogenic lines (NILs) targeting a putative QTL (Qcrs.caf-6H) conferring FCR resistance in barley. Assessing the NILs confirmed the large effect of this locus. Aimed to develop markers that can be reliably used in incorporating this resistant allele into breeding programs and identify candidate genes, transcriptomic analyses were conducted against three of the NIL pairs and a large NIL-derived population consisting of 1085 F7 recombinant inbred lines generated. By analyzing the transcriptomic data and the fine mapping population, Qcrs.caf-6H was delineated into an interval of 0.9 cM covering a physical distance of ~ 547 kb. Six markers co-segregating with this locus were developed. Based on differential gene expression and SNP variations between the two isolines among the three NIL pairs, candidate genes underlying the resistance at this locus were detected. These results would improve the efficiency of incorporating the targeted locus into barley breeding programs and facilitate the cloning of causal gene(s) responsible for the resistance.