bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of GFLV, GFkV, GLRaV-1, and GLRaV -3 grapevine viruses transport toward developing tissues
Authors: Crespo-Martínez Sara , Ramírez-Lacunza Asier , Miranda Carlos , Urrestarazu Jorge , Santesteban Luis Gonzaga 
Published: June 2023

AbstractViral diseases in grapevine cause large economic losses due to decreased irregular yield and unbalanced ripening, and can even lead to plant mortality. There is a large number of grapevine viral agents, and a few of them have a prominent impact due to their worldwide distribution, virulence, and incidence. Although previous research has evaluated variations in viral load between organs and time since infection, there is still a lack of knowledge on how the viruses are transported toward developing tissues. In this work, we present the results of two experiments that contribute to understanding the spread dynamics of four major grapevine viruses (GFLV, GFkV, GLRaV-1, and GLRaV -3). Bud and leaf tissues were sampled from shoots obtained from cv. ‘Garnacha’ cuttings known to be infected with one of these viruses. Bud samples taken at early development stages were used to understand short-distance transport, while leaves taken from young shoots represented long-distance transport, driven mainly through the phloem. Our results show that all viruses were able to invade tissues from the beginning of development. The dissemination ability of GFLV was considerable, as the viral load detected in young organs was as high as in the dormant shoot. Furthermore, for GFLV and GFkV, it was shown that the viral load in young shoots does not follow the general assumption of older tissues accumulating a higher viral load but, conversely, a higher viral load closer to the shoot tip might be driven by the sink strength.
Ecosystem degradation and the spread of Covid-19
Authors: Castelli Chiara , Castellini Marta , Comincioli Nicola , Parisi Maria Laura , Pontarollo Nicola , Vergalli Sergio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe linkages between the emergence of zoonotic diseases and ecosystem degradation have been widely acknowledged by the scientific community and policy makers. In this paper we investigate the relationship between human overexploitation of natural resources, represented by the Human Appropriation of Net Primary Production Index (HANPP) and the spread of Covid-19 cases during the first pandemic wave in 730 regions of 63 countries worldwide. Using a Bayesian estimation technique, we highlight the significant role of HANPP as a driver of Covid-19 diffusion, besides confirming the well-known impact of population size and the effects of other socio-economic variables. We believe that these findings could be relevant for policy makers in their effort towards a more sustainable intensive agriculture and responsible urbanisation.
Three major chlorotype lineages in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L., Asteraceae)
Authors: Ruzicka Joana , Baumschlager Gerald , Jovanovic Dijana , Novak Johannes 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L., Asteraceae) is one of the most important medicinal plants with antiphlogistic, spasmolytic, carminative, antibacterial and antimycotic properties. Thirty-one chloroplast markers were developed, optimised for high-resolution melting analysis. Subsequently, 23 M. chamomilla accessions (247 individuals) complemented with 2 individuals of the closely related species M. discoidea were analysed with this marker set. The marker set can practically be reduced to 20 markers without information loss due to the linkage of 16 markers. In total, 20 chlorotypes (multilocus genotypes) were identified, organised in three evolutionary main lineages. Only 8 accessions were monomorphic, the other 15 accessions had between 2 and 6 chlorotypes per accession. The high number of polymorphic accessions and the high number of chlorotypes within many accessions indicate already a high degree of variability within accessions, confirmed by the 66% variation within by AMOVA. Gene diversity of the polymorphic accessions ranged between 0.069 and 0.261. Since many cultivars had their origin in wild populations of the countries where breeding took place, a first hypothetical indication of the geographic origin of chamomile could point to Albania and adjacent countries. The ‘ancient chlorotype’ was identified by comparing published plastome sequences of Artemisia annua and Lactuca sativa. The ‘ancient chlorotype’ was present only in the closely related M. discoidea but not in any of the M. chamomilla accessions. Two commercially important tetraploid cultivars proofed to be unrelated to their presumed diploid parents.
The prognostic value of right ventricular longitudinal strain in heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Anastasiou Vasileios , Papazoglou Andreas S. , Moysidis Dimitrios V. , Daios Stylianos , Tsalikakis Dimitrios , Giannakoulas George , Karamitsos Theodoros , Delgado Victoria , Ziakas Antonios , Kamperidis Vasileios 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is a well-recognized adverse prognostic feature in patients with heart failure (HF). Recently, many single-center studies have demonstrated that RV longitudinal strain assessed using speckle tracking echocardiography might be a powerful prognosticator in HF. Objectives: To systematically appraise and quantitatively synthesize the evidence of the prognostic value of echocardiographic RV longitudinal strain, across the entire spectrum of left ventricular ejection function (LVEF) in HF. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in electronic databases to identify every study reporting the predictive role of RV global longitudinal strain (RV GLS) and RV free wall longitudinal strain (RV FWLS) in HF subjects. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the adjusted and unadjusted hazard ratios [(a)HRs] for all-cause-mortality and for the composite outcome of all-cause mortality or HF-related hospitalization for both indices. Results: Twenty-four studies were deemed eligible and 15 of these provided appropriate quantitative data for the meta-analysis, encompassing 8,738 patients. Each 1% worsening in RV GLS and RV FWLS was independently associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (pooled aHR = 1.08 [1.03–1.13]; p < 0.01; I2 = 76% and 1.05 [1.05–1.06]; p < 0.01; I2 = 0%, respectively) and the composite outcome (pooled aHR = 1.10 [1.06–1.15]; p < 0.01; I2 = 0% and 1.06 [1.02–1.10]; p < 0.01; I2 = 69%, respectively) for patients with HF. The subgroup analysis of HF patients with LVEF < 45% yielded similar results, with worsening in RV GLS and RV FWLS retaining strong association with the two outcomes. Conclusion: Echocardiographic RV GLS and RV FWLS appear to have powerful prognostic value across the range of HF.
Understanding the Rights of Nature: Working Together Across and Beyond Disciplines
Authors: Gilbert Jeremie , Soliev Ilkhom , Robertson Anne , Vermeylen Saskia , Williams Neil W. , Grabowski Robert C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecognising the rights of nature is seen by many as the paradigm shift needed to truly embed ecology and the environment into nature-based policy and management solutions to address biodiversity loss, climate change, and sustainable development. However, despite its potential, research across and beyond disciplinary boundaries remains very limited, with most located in the humanities and social sciences and often lacking connection with environmental sciences. Based on a multi-, inter-, and transdisciplinary project, we identify some critical common themes among the humanities, social sciences, and environmental sciences to support future research on the potential of the rights of nature to address contemporary social-environmental challenges. We argue that future research needs to be not only interdisciplinary but also transdisciplinary since the movement of rights of nature is often driven by and based on knowledge emerging outside of academic disciplines.
Edge colourings and qualitative representations of chromatic algebras
Authors: Al-Juaid Badriah , Jackson Marcel , Koussas James , Kowalski Tomasz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConventional Ramsey-theoretic investigations for edge-colourings of complete graphs are framed around avoidance of certain configurations. Motivated by considerations arising in the field of Qualitative Reasoning, we explore edge colourings that in addition to forbidding certain triangle configurations also require others to be present. These conditions have natural combinatorial interest in their own right, but also correspond to qualitative representability of certain nonassociative relation algebras, which we will call chromatic.
Moving Together: Social Motor Synchrony in Autistic Peer Partners Depends on Partner and Activity Type
Authors: Glass Devyn , Yuill Nicola 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSome suggest autistic people display impaired Interpersonal Synchrony. However, partners of different neurotypes can struggle to connect and empathise with one another. We used Motion Energy Analysis to examine Social Motor Synchrony (SMS) in familiar partners of the same neurotype: pairs of autistic and of neurotypical children. Partners played two shared tablet activities, one to support collaboration by facilitating engagement and other-awareness (Connect), and one with no additional design features to facilitate collaboration (Colours). The neurotypical group showed similar SMS to the autistic group in Colours but lower SMS in Connect. The autistic group displayed similar levels of SMS in each activity. Autistic children can synchronise to a similar, or greater, degree than neurotypical children when the social context and type of task are considered.
OFraMP: a fragment-based tool to facilitate the parametrization of large molecules
Authors: Stroet Martin , Caron Bertrand , Engler Martin S. , van der Woning Jimi , Kauffmann Aude , van Dijk Marc , El-Kebir Mohammed , Visscher Koen M. , Holownia Josef , Macfarlane Callum , Bennion Brian J. , Gelpi-Dominguez Svetlana , Lightstone Felice C. , van der Storm Tijs , Geerke Daan P. , Mark Alan E. , Klau Gunnar W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn Online tool for Fragment-based Molecule Parametrization (OFraMP) is described. OFraMP is a web application for assigning atomic interaction parameters to large molecules by matching sub-fragments within the target molecule to equivalent sub-fragments within the Automated Topology Builder (ATB, atb.uq.edu.au) database. OFraMP identifies and compares alternative molecular fragments from the ATB database, which contains over 890,000 pre-parameterized molecules, using a novel hierarchical matching procedure. Atoms are considered within the context of an extended local environment (buffer region) with the degree of similarity between an atom in the target molecule and that in the proposed match controlled by varying the size of the buffer region. Adjacent matching atoms are combined into progressively larger matched sub-structures. The user then selects the most appropriate match. OFraMP also allows users to manually alter interaction parameters and automates the submission of missing substructures to the ATB in order to generate parameters for atoms in environments not represented in the existing database. The utility of OFraMP is illustrated using the anti-cancer agent paclitaxel and a dendrimer used in organic semiconductor devices.Graphical abstractOFraMP applied to paclitaxel (ATB ID 35922).
Influence of extrinsic induced tensile stress on the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of nanosized Al/Ni multilayers
Authors: Matthes Sebastian , Glaser Marcus , Vardo Emina , Camposano Yesenia Haydee Sauni , Jaekel Konrad , Bergmann Jean Pierre , Schaaf Peter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReactive multilayer systems consisting of alternating nanoscale Al and Ni layers are applicable in joining, various pyrotechnic applications and thermal batteries. Since diffusion based high-temperature synthesis occurs without the presence of air, efforts have focused on investigating the understanding of the fundamental reaction processes and characteristics. The aim of this study is to expose the reactive multilayers to extrinsic induced tensile stress so that the self-propagating synthesis can proceed under these conditions. Further, the properties during and after the reaction will be investigated. Multilayers deposited by sputtering on Kapton® substrates with different bilayer– and total thicknesses as well as commercial Nanofoils® with thicknesses of 40 µm and 60 µm were used as samples. The investigations focused on the propagation velocity measured with a high-speed camera, the temperature regime determined with a high-speed pyrometer, and the formed phases after the synthesis examined via X-ray diffraction. The gained results of this study reveal important insights for the application of the reactive Al/Ni multilayer system in terms of stability or reliability related to propagation front velocity, maximum temperature and formed phases under induced external tensile stresses.

Graphical abstract
E. coli “Stablelabel” S30 lysate for optimized cell-free NMR sample preparation
Authors: Levin Roman , Löhr Frank , Karakoc Betül , Lichtenecker Roman , Dötsch Volker , Bernhard Frank 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCell-free (CF) synthesis with highly productive E. coli lysates is a convenient method to produce labeled proteins for NMR studies. Despite reduced metabolic activity in CF lysates, a certain scrambling of supplied isotope labels is still notable. Most problematic are conversions of 15N labels of the amino acids L-Asp, L-Asn, L-Gln, L-Glu and L-Ala, resulting in ambiguous NMR signals as well as in label dilution. Specific inhibitor cocktails suppress most undesired conversion reactions, while limited availability and potential side effects on CF system productivity need to be considered. As alternative route to address NMR label conversion in CF systems, we describe the generation of optimized E. coli lysates with reduced amino acid scrambling activity. Our strategy is based on the proteome blueprint of standardized CF S30 lysates of the E. coli strain A19. Identified lysate enzymes with suspected amino acid scrambling activity were eliminated by engineering corresponding single and cumulative chromosomal mutations in A19. CF lysates prepared from the mutants were analyzed for their CF protein synthesis efficiency and for residual scrambling activity. The A19 derivative “Stablelabel” containing the cumulative mutations asnA, ansA/B, glnA, aspC and ilvE yielded the most useful CF S30 lysates. We demonstrate the optimized NMR spectral complexity of selectively labeled proteins CF synthesized in “Stablelabel” lysates. By taking advantage of ilvE deletion in "Stablelabel", we further exemplify a new strategy for methyl group specific labeling of membrane proteins with the proton pump proteorhodopsin.
Experimental and Modeling Optimization of Strontium Adsorption on Microbial Nanocellulose, Eco-friendly Approach
Authors: Abd Elkader Rofaida S. , Mohamed Mokhtar K. , Hasanien Yasmeen A. , Kandeel Eman M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGreen synthesized cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was prepared using Neurospora intermedia, characterized, and used to remove Strontium ions (Sr2+) from an aqueous solution with high efficiency. The characterization of CNCs was performed using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Zeta Potential (ZP), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) mapping, EDX elemental analysis and BET surface analyzer. In this study, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was successfully applied for the first time to optimize the dynamic adsorption conditions for the maximum removal of Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions using CNCs as adsorbent. The effects of parameters, such as initial concentration of Sr2+ (50–500 ppm), adsorbent dosage (0.05–0.2 g/50ml), and contact time (15–120 min.) on removal efficiency were investigated. A mathematical model was studied to predict the removal performance. The significance and adequacy of the model were surveyed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the second-order polynomial model is suitable for the prediction removal of Sr2+ with regression coefficient (R2 = 97.41%). The highest sorption capacity value of Sr2+ was obtained (281.89 mg/g) at the adsorbent dosage of 0.05 g/50 ml, contact time of 120 min., and the pollutant (Sr2+) concentration of 275 ppm.
High-Throughput SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Testing Method Using the Celigo Image Cytometer
Authors: St Clair Laura A. , Chan Leo Li-Ying , Boretsky Adam , Lin Bo , Spedding Michael , Perera Rushika 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has created a worldwide public health crisis that has since resulted in 6.8 million reported deaths. The pandemic prompted the immediate response of researchers around the world to engage in rapid vaccine development, surveillance programs, and antiviral testing, which resulted in the delivery of multiple vaccines and repurposed antiviral drug candidates. However, the emergence of new highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants has renewed the desire for discovering new antiviral drug candidates with high efficacy against the emerging variants of concern. Traditional antiviral testing methods employ the plaque-reduction neutralization tests (PRNTs), plaque assays, or RT-PCR analysis, but each assay can be tedious and time-consuming, requiring 2–3 days to complete the initial antiviral assay in biologically relevant cells, and then 3–4 days to visualize and count plaques in Vero cells, or to complete cell extractions and PCR analysis. In recent years, plate-based image cytometers have demonstrated high-throughput vaccine screening methods, which can be adopted for screening potential antiviral drug candidates. In this work, we developed a high-throughput antiviral testing method employing the Celigo Image Cytometer to investigate the efficacy of antiviral drug candidates on SARS-CoV-2 infectivity using a fluorescent reporter virus and their safety by measuring the cytotoxicity effects on the healthy host cell line using fluorescent viability stains. Compared to traditional methods, the assays defined here eliminated on average 3–4 days from our standard processing time for antiviral testing. Moreover, we were able to utilize human cell lines directly that are not typically amenable to PRNT or plaque assays. The Celigo Image Cytometer can provide an efficient and robust method to rapidly identify potential antiviral drugs to effectively combat the rapidly spreading SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants during the pandemic.
Thinking in Terms of Change over Time: Opportunities and Challenges of Using System Dynamics Models
Authors: Eidin Emil , Bielik Tom , Touitou Israel , Bowers Jonathan , McIntyre Cynthia , Damelin Dan , Krajcik Joseph 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the world around us is a growing necessity for the whole public, as citizens are required to make informed decisions in their everyday lives about complex issues. Systems thinking (ST) is a promising approach for developing solutions to various problems that society faces and has been acknowledged as a crosscutting concept that should be integrated across educational science disciplines. However, studies show that engaging students in ST is challenging, especially concerning aspects like change over time and feedback. Using computational system models and a system dynamics approach can support students in overcoming these challenges when making sense of complex phenomena. In this paper, we describe an empirical study that examines how 10th grade students engage in aspects of ST through computational system modeling as part of a Next Generation Science Standards-aligned project-based learning unit on chemical kinetics. We show students’ increased capacity to explain the underlying mechanism of the phenomenon in terms of change over time that goes beyond linear causal relationships. However, student models and their accompanying explanations were limited in scope as students did not address feedback mechanisms as part of their modeling and explanations. In addition, we describe specific challenges students encountered when evaluating and revising models. In particular, we show epistemological barriers to fruitful use of real-world data for model revision. Our findings provide insights into the opportunities of a system dynamics approach and the challenges that remain in supporting students to make sense of complex phenomena and nonlinear mechanisms.
How the Welfare State Tries to Protect Itself Against the law: Luhmann and new Forms of Social Immune Mechanism
Authors: Andersen Niels Åkerstrøm , Stenner Paul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSociologist Niklas Luhmann argued that the law functions as society’s immune system by regulating conflicts that threaten the certainty of expectation structures. In this article, we argue that law itself has become a target of new social immune mechanisms. Since the 1980s, welfare states have increasingly seen their own structures as a threat. Today, the ideal is a public sector consisting of organizations that constantly emerge anew by selecting the structures that fit each specific moment, case, and citizen. To protect public sector organizations against their own structures, ‘potentialization’ now functions as a social autoimmune mechanism by initiating a constant search for new openings and possibilities. This critique of structures includes a critique of legal structures like rights. Looking at the Danish law of early retirement as our empirical case, this paper analyzes, how the tension between law and ‘potentialization’ is built into the law itself. While the law gives citizens certain rights to early retirement, it simultaneously ‘protects’ against the same rights by potentializing citizens. ‘Potentialization’ here functions as a mechanism that protects the operations of a system against its legal structures. It functions by ‘un-relating’ those operations from the structures. This means that when citizens claim their right to pensions, the social workers can reject them on the grounds of a right to a future that is not foreclosed and ‘parked’ on a pension. The paper’s contribution is to show how potentialization works by dissolving even fundamental legal expectations. This profoundly transforms the relationship between the citizen and the public sector.