bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PS-C12-9: CARDIO ANKLE VASCULAR INDEX AS A PREDICTOR OF SUCCESSFUL RENAL DENERVATION AND IMPROVED BP VARIABILITY IN SUBJECTS WITH RESISTANT HYPERTENSION
Authors: Postadzhiyan Arman , Tochev Sotir , Andreeva Lora , Rifai Nizar , Finkov Bozidar 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
The aim of the study was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients with increased arterial stiffness (AS) undergoing renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) and to examine the role of cardio ankle vascular index (CAVI) measurement in predicting the outcome of RSD. Another task was to assess the effect on the indices of blood pressure variability.

Design and method:
Consecutive patients with resistant hypertension who underwent RSD workout at the University Hospital Saint Anna, Sofia, between January 2014 and December 2020 were included. CAVI was measured using the VaSera system (Fukuda Denshi Co, Japan). RSD was performed with the Symplicity Flex catheter (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) according to a standardized protocol. Blood pressure variability was assessed by weighted 24 h BPV by ABPM.

Results:
The study included 62 patients with treatment resistant hypertension, after out of office blood pressure measurement and intensification of therapy, renal denervation was performed in 32 (51.6%). Patients with increased arterial stiffness, defined as CAVI >median of 8.3, were older, with a larger waist circumference and previous cardiovascular events. A longterm effect of the RSD, reported as a reduction in 24-hour systolic blood pressure above 10 mmHg at month 12, was found in 22 patients (68.8%). The median of the observed reduction of the 24 hour systolic blood pressure was 16 mmHg at 95% confidence interval 9.1 to 21 mmHg. Despite similar baseline out of office and office blood pressure and concomitant antihypertensive therapy, patients with lower arterial stiffness had a more significant blood pressure effect of renal denervation, a result that persisted within 12 months of follow up. More profound and significant drop of BP variability was also noticed in this group of patients. In contrast, the effect of the procedure was clinically insignificant among patients with baseline CAVI values above 8.3.
Difference in office and out of office BP between the baseline values and those at month 12 after RSD in patients with low arterial stiffness.

Conclusions:
These findings hold the promise that AS might be used as a selection criterion for RSD, thereby improving outcome following RSD.
PS-C12-12: EFFECT OF CHRONOTHERAPY ON BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY IN HYPERTENSIVE AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ADULT PATIENTS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ogunba Adejumoke , Adebusoye Lawrence , Avwerhota Oludayo , Fakunle Olakunle , Adeoye Abiodun 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Blood pressure is synchronized predictably with the circadian activity-rest cycle. Few available studies have shown that chronotherapy may improve blood pressure variability (BPV) among hypertensive and chronic kidney disease patients. Empirical evidence is lacking among Nigerians.

Objective:
This study ascertained the effect of chronotherapy (taken as the use of antihypertensive medications at bedtime) on BPV of adult patients aged 18 years and above diagnosed with hypertension (control) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring over three months follow up.

Design and method:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of data of respondents included in the Ibadan Ambulatory Blood Pressure Registry (IABPR) at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and anthropometric measurements were obtained. Paired t-test was used to test the differences in the mean BP parameters before and after the study at p 0.05.

Results:
There were 52 respondents, 24 hypertensive controls (mean age 58.6 ± 11.3years) and 28 CKD patients (mean age 45.2 ± 11.1years). The hypertensive controls had significantly reduced mean systolic, diastolic, and arterial BP at the end of the study. Similarly, the wake-up and sleep periods mean systolic, diastolic, and arterial BP decreased significantly among the hypertensive controls. However, the CKD patients showed no significant BP variability with chronotherapy at the end of the study. Both the hypertensive controls and CKD patients experienced no significant BP dipping during the study period.

Conclusion:
Hypertensive patients in our study experienced a significant reduction in their BP parameters with chronotherapy, while CKD patients showed no significant changes in their BP. Further studies are needed in Nigeria to determine the beneficial effects of chronotherapy in this population.
PS-C13-1: PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY IN ASYMPTOMATIC HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Ouail Djamel eddine , Bouali Faycal , Tebbani Meriem , Ahmed Djamila Si 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a major target organ impairment in hypertensive patients, LVH is an independent cardiovascular risk factor.
The objective of our work is to detect and analyze the factors associated with electrical left ventricular hypertrophy in asymptomatic hypertensive patients.

Method:
Prospective study of a cohort of asymptomatic hypertensive patients, aged over 35, seen in consultation.
All patients had undergone a 12 lead ECG examination looking for left ventricular hypertrophy defined by Sokolow Lyon index > 3.5 mV and/or RaVL> 1.1 mV and/or Cornell voltage duration product > 244 mV ms

Results:
263 patients evaluated during the study period, 151 women or 57% and 112 men or 43%, the average age of the population is 59.78 years ± 10.67 [36 to 87 years].
Left ventricular hypertrophy is observed in 52 patients, i.e. 19.7% of asymptomatic hypertensives. These are 31 women (20.3% of women) and 21 men (18.75% of men).
The analysis of the subgroups finds a high prevalence of electrical LVH between 45 and 55 years and between 55 and 65 years with ORs at 7.80 [0.97, 62.37] p = 0.0528 and at 7.76 [0.99, 60.82] p = 0.0511.
Regarding the blood pressure profile, LVH is strongly associated with systolic blood pressure levels. The analysis of the subgroups of the seniority of hypertension finds an increase in the OR to 2.95 in the group of 1 to 5 years of seniority with significant p at 0.02.
After the multivariate analysis, the two independent risk factors associated with the development of electrical left ventricular hypertrophy are: Systolic Blood Pressure level between 140 and 179 mmHg and Total Cholesterol level greater than 2 g/l. The p is very significant (0.016 and 0.025 respectively)

Conclusion:
LVH is common in our series, it affects 19.7% of our asymptomatic hypertensive patients. The most affected age group is from 45 to 65 years old whose seniority from the time of diagnosis is less than 5 years.
The two factors associated with LVH are systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol level.
In the light of these results, the prevention of LVH must associate; Early screening by ECG at the time of diagnosis and during the first 5 years, management of hypertension with a target SBP of less than 140 and a cholesterol level of less than 2 g/l
PS-C13-12: NOVEL HEMODYNAMIC INDEX OF ABPM-OBTAINED PULSE WAVEFORM; EVALUATION OF CHANGES IN CARDIAC FUNCTION BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT OF HEART FAILURE
Authors: Narita Keisuke , Yuan Zihan , Yasui Nobuhiko , Hoshide Satoshi , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
In this pilot study, we developed the novel hemodynamic index from pulse waveform for estimation of cardiac function. We obtained volumetric pulse waveform from diastolic phase of each BP measurement by our recently developed device, a Multisensor-ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) device (TM-2441, A&D Co., Tokyo). This pulse waveform is divided into ejection and reflex wave. The area of ejection wave is square forward pulse wave (Sf), which is related with cardiac ejection volume. Second, amplitude measured pulse wave (Am) of the pulse waveform is a parameter defined by central and peripheral artery compliance and cuff compliance (Figure). We then calculated that Sf was divided by Am, Sf/Am, to eliminate the effect of arterial and cuff compliance from the area of ejection wave, which would indicate cardiac ejective function.

Methods:
We prospectively assessed the changes in Sf/Am and echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between patients with and without improved cardiac function during treatment of heart failure (HF). We conducted twice measurements of Multisensor-ABPM in 20 patients with HF (mean ± SD age, 63.3 ± 14.1 years; male, 65%; ischemic heart disease, 15%; atrial fibrillation, 25%) at baseline (just after initial or adjusted treatments) and at follow-up (6–12 months after tailored treatment). Second, we divided these patients into an improved (n = 11 patients) and a not-improved (n = 9) cardiac function group; an increase in LVEF of ≧ 10%. We then compared the changes of Sf/Am between the two groups.

Results:
Improvement of Sf/Am was shown in the improved group using paired t-test (Sf/Am before, 21.4 ± 4.5; after, 25.6 ± 3.7, p = 0.004), but there was no difference in the not-improved group (Sf/Am before, 26.8 ± 3.0; after, 27.7 ± 4.0, p = 0.293). Moreover, Sf/Am was associated with LVEF in overall measurements (N = 40) (r = 0.490, p = 0.004) (Figure). The change of Sf/Am from baseline to follow-up tended to be related to the changes of LVEF (r = 0.391, p = 0.080) (Figure).

Conclusion:
Although the present study was conducted in a small sample, this is the first study to prospectively observe the changes in pulse waveform before and after HF treatment using new ABPM device in ambulatory setting. Our study findings might show the possibility of a new hemodynamic assessment by ABPM.
PS-C14-10: THE INFLUENCE OF ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION ON THE PROGRESSION OF OBSTRUCTION IN HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Nurbay Zhanar , Tuleutayev Rustem , Zhakaev Maksat , Konisbekova Akzhan , Daniyarova Laura , Bagramov Akan , Ibragimov Timur , Kunapianov Daniyar , Abzaliev Kuat , Ishakbaeva Guzel , Sultanov Galymzhan , Nagimatullaeva Aigerim , Muzaev Vladimir 
Published: January 2023

The nature of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy remains unexplored to date, but there is a very reasonable opinion about the genetic transmission of the disease. Given the presence of arterial hypertension in 88% of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the issue remains relevant. To date, there is no clear understanding of hypertrophy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and hypertensive heart.

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of arterial hypertension on obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Material and Methods:
From 2017 to 2022, 70 patients diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were under observation. Given the obstructive form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 40 patients were operated on, Morrow operation, 30 patients diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy without obstructive lesions are under observation, this group will take part in the study. All patients underwent genetic testing. The age of the patients ranged from 18.3 to 80.4 years, the median was 57.3 years; in most cases, pathology occurs in females, 67%, while in men it is 2 times less, 33%. Exclusion criteria for patients with aortic stenosis and “athletic” heart. Complaints were shortness of breath, headaches, dizziness, syncope.
Results as a result of studies in 56% of patients test for genetic mutations is positive. Arterial hypertension was detected in 88% of patients. The duration of the disease in patients varied significantly from 1 to 35 years, the interquartile range was from 5.3 to 15.1 years, the median was 10 years. Systolic blood pressure in patients ranged from 92 to 260 mm Hg, the median was 180.5 mm Hg. Diastolic blood pressure in patients ranged from 61 to 130 mm Hg, the median was 90 mm Hg. In patients with a negative genetic analysis, 44%, a long history of arterial hypertension was revealed. Most of the patients were not adherent to therapy, despite the 3rd degree of arterial hypertension, only 13% were constantly taking antihypertensive drugs. Considering these data, we identified relevant data on echocardiography. In patients with a long history of hypertension, an increase in the left atrium, a concentric variant of hypertrophy, can be noted. There is thickening of both the aorta and the aortic valve cusps.

Conclusions:
The mechanism of development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is not completely clear; therefore, the genetic diagnosis of this disease is an integral part. Timely identified and initiated treatment of hypertension can prevent the risks of developing hypertrophy in the future.
PS-C14-12: RIGHT VENTRICLE SYSTOLIC FUNCTION IN HYPERTENSIVE NEPHROPATHY PATIENTS
Authors: Bezrodnyi Volodymyr Borysovych , Bezrodnyi Andrii Borysovych 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
To investigate right ventricular systolic function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.

Design and method:
We examined 15 essential hypertensive subjects and 34 untreated non-diabetic essential hypertensive patients with II and III stage of hypertensive CKD. Echocardiography and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring was performed for all patients. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) assessment was based on CKD-EPI formula. Patients underwent a two-dimensional Doppler-coupled echocardiography with determination of right ventricular (RV) systolic function with conventional echocardiographic methods: RV fractional area change, Tricuspid Annular Plane of Systolic Excursion (TAPSE), Tricuspid annular S’ velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus, RV Tei index. Right ventricle free wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) obtained by speckle-tracking.

Results:
CKD patients and essential hypertensive subjects had no significant difference between RV systolic function values evaluated with RV fractional area change and RV Tei index. At the same time we observed significantly lower values of TAPSE and Tricuspid annular S’ velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus (p < 0.05 in both cases) in CKD patients. Highly significant RVFWLS decline was observed in CKD patients comparing to essential hypertensive subjects (p < 0.01).
In univariate correlation analysis GFR was more closely related to RVFWLS (r = 0,523, p < 0.01) comparing to Tricuspid annular S’ velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus and TAPSE (r = 0,371, p < 0.05 and r = 0,293, p < 0.05 respectively).

Conclusion:
Hypertensive nephropathy patients have early impairment of RV systolic function detected by significantly lower Tricuspid annular S’ velocity as well as TAPSE and highly significant RVFWLS decline comparing to essential hypertensive subjects. There was more significant relationship between GFR and RVFWLS rather than Tricuspid annular S’ velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus and TAPSE.
PS-C15-3: CORRELATIONS BETWEEN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE, CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM SCORE, AND LIPOPROTEIN(A) LEVEL IN KOREA
Authors: Kim Weon , Rhew Jaeyoung 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Lipoprotein(a) levels are associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) and aortic valve calcification. This study aimed to determine the correlation between Lp(a) levels and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores in patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).

Methods:
This was a single-center observational study. The patients had not been previously diagnosed with CAD and underwent CCTA and Lp(a) measurement within a three-month interval. Coronary angiography and further management were performed according to the physicians decision. Among 252 patients, 81 and 171 patients underwent coronary revascularization and received medical treatment, respectively. To examine the relationship between Lp(a) and CAC score and between Lp(a) and CAD, we divided the patients by Lp(a) level (50 mg/dL) and CAC score (400).

Results:
No relationship was observed between Lp(a) and CAD and other risk factors for that. There were no differences in the ratio of patients who underwent coronary revascularization and the CAC score according to an Lp(a) level of 50 ml/dL. There was no difference in Lp(a) level at a CAC level of 400. The proportion of patients who underwent coronary intervention was high in the high CAC score group (50.6% vs. 23.7%, p = 0.000). No association was observed between Lp(a) and CAC in the Pearson correlation (0.000, p < 0.998).

Conclusion:
Correlations between Lp(a) and CAC and between Lp(a) and CAD were not observed in Korean patients. However, a high CAC score was correlated with coronary revascularization.
PS-C15-4: CARDIOVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN RESISTANT HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Matova Olena , Mishchenko Larysa 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the incidence of cardiovascular (CV) complications and its predictors in treated resistant hypertensive (RH) patients.

Design and Methods:
We studied 117 RH patients and 114 controlled hypertensive (CH) patients on a triple fixed-dose combination of a blocker of the renin-angiotensin system / calcium channel blocker / thiazide or thiazide-like diuretic. Patients with RH treated with the same type of triple fixed-dose combination in maximally tolerated doses plus the individually defined most effective fourth-line agent (spironolactone/eplerenone 56.1%, torasemide 26.8 %, nebivolol 14.6 %, moxonidine 2.5 %); the fifth class of antihypertensive drug was added for 35.2 % of patients. A cardiovascular complications (CV death, myocardial infarction and/or revascularization, stroke, atrial fibrillation, peripheral arterial disease, kidney outcome (dialysis or GFR decline by 40 % or greater) were estimated after five years (5.1 ± 0.1).

Results:
The goal office and 24-h blood pressure (BP) were achieved at 49.6 and 34.2 % RH patients at the end of follow-up. The incidence of CV outcomes were in 4.4 times higher at RH patients compared to CH patients (composite CV events (30.8 vs 7.0 %, P = 0.001).
According to univariate logistic regression analysis CV complications were associated with baseline TNF-a (β = 0.78; OR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.15 - 4.13), cystatin C (β= 0.56; OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.22 - 2.68), citrulline plasma levels (β= 0.07; OR = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.10); 24-h albuminuria (β= 0.006; OR = 1.01; 95% CI: 1.0 - 1.01), CysC GFR (β= -0.44; OR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93 - 0.99), body mass index (β = 0.15; OR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.03 - 1.32) and low initial adherence to treatment (β= 0.97; OR = 2.63; 95% CI: 1.11 - 6.21).

Conclusions:
A median follow-up time of 5 years, RH was associated with increased risk for incidence of CV outcomes. The markers of low-grade systemic inflammation, kidney function, body mass index, and initial adherence to treatment were associated with the composite CV endpoint.
PS-C16-1: COURSE OF ACS IN PATIENTS CO-INFECTED WITH COVID-19
Authors: Fozilov Khurshid , Atamuratov Bakhtiyor , Yuldashov Bakhtiyor , Butaev Sherzod , Yuldashov Alisher 
Published: January 2023

Aim:
To study and compare the features of the course of ACS in patients who underwent COVID19 infection.

Material and Methods:
The study included ACS patients with ST segment elevation admitted from January 2021 to February 2022. Patients were compared with a group of patients who did not suffer from COVID 19 infection and were hospitalized for ACS in a similar period of time. The study included 114 patients. In all patients, the presence of IgG antibodies to the agent of the coronavirus infection COVID-19 was determined, which indicates that the person has already had a coronavirus infection or not. Patients were divided into 2 groups: 1 - patients who had COVID19 infection; 2 - not recovered from coronavirus infection. All patients were assessed the following indicators: the presence of coronary artery disease before hospitalization, the incidence of cardiogenic shock, the presence of STEMI, as well as the number of deaths during hospitalization.

Results:
In the first group, only 39.5% (45) of patients were examined, of which men - 80.0% (36). Prior to hospitalization, coronary artery disease was present in 64.4% (29) of patients. STEMI was present in 75.5% (34) of patients. The incidence of cardiogenic shock in 4.4% (2) of patients. The number of deaths during hospitalization is 4.4% (2). In the second group, only 60.5% (69) of patients were examined, of which 78.3% (54) were men. Prior to hospitalization, CAD was present in 55.07% (38) of patients. STEMI was recorded in 59.4% (41) of patients. The incidence of cardiogenic shock is 1.45% of patients. The number of deaths during hospitalization was 1.45%.

Conclusion:
Before hospitalization, CAD was present in the majority of patients 39.5% (45) who had COVID 19, who did not have COVID19 patients 60.5% (69). STEMI was present in 75.5% (34) of patients who had COVID19 and 59.4% (41) of those who did not have COVID 19 infection (p < 0.05). During the pandemic, there is a high incidence of cardiogenic shock in 4.4% (2) of patients who have had COVID19 and 1.45% (1) of those who have not been ill. The percentage of deaths during hospitalization in COVID19 survivors is higher compared to 4.4% with 1.45% who did not recover.
PS-C16-2: ASSESS THE TREATMENT ADHERENCE OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATIONS DURING COVID-19, A MULTICENTER CENTER STUDY OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Arain Mudassar Iqbal , Fricovsky Eduardo , Shahnaz Saira , Anwar Ramesha 
Published: January 2023

Objective:
Important challenging factor for health care professionals is to ensure the treatment adherence of hypertension during COVID-19. To prevent the cardiovascular problems, adherence is one of essential parameter among the patients. The current study was designed to assess the treatment adherence of antihypertensive medications during COVID-19.

Methodology:
The descriptive, cross-sectional and multi-center study was conducted in 4 different clinical settings of two major cities of Sindh, Pakistan. The sampling method was systemic and patients were enrolled in the study from June to December 2021. Only those patients were selected who had confirmed diagnosis for hypertension and taken atleast one antihypertensive medications. A total of 1428 hypertensive patients were taken part in the study. Using self-administered adherence scale i.e. SDAS-14, the data were analyzed accordingly.

Results:
According to SDAS-14, the patients were categorized on score of adherence scale i.e. more than 10 means good adherence, 5–9 were medium adherent and less than 5 no or less adherent. Out of total 1428 patients, the average age was 58 years + 9 years. Majority were of male gender. Based on BP measurements and a series of questions were asked that showed low level of adherence were found during COVID-19. High educational level (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.46–3.36) and ARBs treatment (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.61–0.91) were independent predictors of good adherence.

Conclusion:
The study reflects that during COVID-19 the level of adherence was low due to unavailability of medications and access to the health care professionals. More over the values of blood pressure was also not under control due to no exercise. The education is directly professional to the high level of adherence.