bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyploid Induction Enhance Pigment Production in Nannochoropsis oculata: A study using a mutagenesis agent.
Authors: Rahmawati Kurnia , Yunianta Yunianta , Risjani Yenny 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Directed mutagenesis by chemical induction using a mutagenesis agent to induce polyploidy on Nannochloropsis oculata can be an option to get higher biomass production of this microalgae. The aim of this research is to investigate the increase of biomass, pigment and DNA content of this microalgae after polyploid induction using a mutagenesis agent, colchicine. This microalgae induced with colchicine at a concentration of 0; 10; 100; 1,000 and 10,000 mg L-1 for 24, 48, and 72 hours for preliminary study. Further investigation using 48 hours treatment because it gives significant increase of biomass and pigment. The microalgae cultivated in sterilized seawater under constant light and aeration. A groups of 10 mg L-1 colchicine with 48 hour incubation showed significant increase of cell size and DNA content, but not in pigment. This groups might have an increase in another cell component, i.e. lipid. A groups of 1.000 mg L-1 colchicine induction for 48 hours, showed an increase in biomass and pigment production. So that, the use of 10 mg L-1 colchicine induction for 48 hours can increase the cell and genome size of N. oculata while a concentration of 1,000 mg L-1 did not increased genome size but increase the pigment and biomass production.
Cascade amplification of tumor chemodynamic therapy and starvation with re- educated TAMs via Fe-MOF based functional nanosystem
Authors: Zheng Xinmin , Li Xiang , Meng Siyu , Shi Guolin , Li Hui , Du Huiping , Dai Liangliang , Yang Hui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Tumor microenvironment is characterized by the high concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is an effective key used to open the pandora's box against cancer. Herein, a tumor-targeted nanosystem HFNP@GOX@PFC composed of ROS-cleaved Fe-based metal-organic framework, hyaluronic acid (HA), glucose oxidase (GOX) and perfluorohexane (PFC) has been developed for tumor cascade amplified starvation and chemodynamic therapy (CDT). In response to the high concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) intratumorally, HFNP@GOX@PFC endocytosed by tumor cells can specially be disassembled and release GOX, PFC and Fe2+, which can collectively starve tumor and self-produce additional H2O2via competitively glucose catalyzing, supply oxygen to continuous support GOX-mediated starvation therapy, initiate CDT and cascade amplify oxidative stress via Fe2+-mediated Fenton reaction, leading to the serious tumor damage with activated p53 signal pathway. Moreover, HFNP@GOX@PFC also significantly initiates antitumor immune response via re-educating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) by activating NF-κB and MAPK signal pathway.In vitroandin vivoresults collectively demonstrate that nanosystem not only continuously initiates starvation therapy, but also pronouncedly cascade-amplify CDT and polarize TAMs, consequently efficiently inhibiting tumor growth with good biosafety. The functional nanosystem combined the cascade amplification of starvation and CDT provides a new nanoplatform for tumor therapy.
Revealing the hidden signature of fault slip history in the morphology of degrading scarps
Authors: Holtmann Regina , Cattin Rodolphe , Simoes Martine , Steer Philippe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Active faults accommodate tectonic plate motion through different slip modes, some stable and aseismic, others characterized by the occurrence of large earthquakes after long periods of inactivity. Although the slip mode estimation is of primary importance to improve seismic hazard assessment, this parameter inferred today from geodetic observations needs to be better constrained over many seismic cycles. From an analytical formulation developed for analyzing fault scarp formation and degradation, we show that the final topographic shape generated by one earthquake rupture or by creep (i.e., continuous slip) deviates by as much as 10–20%. This result opens up the theoretical possibility of inverting the number of earthquakes and their sizes from scarp morphologies. Our approach highlights the importance of trade-offs between fault slip history and diffusive processes. An identical topographic profile can be obtained either with stable fault creep together with rapid erosion, or with a single earthquake rupture followed by slow erosion. Our findings reveal that the previously noticed variation of the diffusion coefficient with the age of the scarp may be an artifact related to the history and mechanism of fault slip. These inferences, derived from the simplest possible diffusion model, are likely to be even more pronounced in nature.
The Effect of a Supportive-Educational Intervention through Virtual Social Networks on Sleep quality of Patients with Cancer
Authors: Sarlak Elahe , Ansari Jamshid , Moradzadeh Rahmatollah , Nejat Nazi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose

Sleep disturbances are very common among cancer patients, and they need more support in this regard. More access to technology has provided opportunities to use virtual teaching methods to train and support cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of supportive-educational intervention (SEI) through virtual social networks (VSNs) on the sleep quality and the severity of insomnia of cancer patients.

Methods

The study was conducted on 66 patients with cancer, intervention (n = 33) and control (n = 33) groups(CONSORT). Intervention group received supportive-educational intervention on sleep for two months through virtual social networks(VSNs). All participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and insomnia severity index(ISI) before, and after the intervention.

Results

The mean scores of sleep quality (p = .001) and insomnia severity (p = .001) in the intervention group had a statistical significant decrease. Moreover, quality, latency, duration, efficiency, disturbances of sleep, and daytime dysfunction showed significant improvement in the intervention group, every two times after the intervention (P < .05). However, the participants’ sleep quality deteriorated progressively in the control group (p = .001).

Conclusions

Supportive-Educational Intervention(SEI) through VSNs can be an effective method to improve the sleep quality and decrease insomnia severity of patients with cancer.
Trial registration number: IRCT20220528055007N1
Date of registration: 2022-08-31(retrospectively registered)
Is there more than meets the eye in PSMA imaging in prostate cancer with PET/MRI? Looking closer at uptake time, correlation with PSA and Gleason Score
Authors: Bogdanovic Borjana , Solari Esteban L. , Asiares Alberto Villagran , Marwick Sandra van , Schachoff Sylvia , Eiber Matthias , Weber Wolfgang A. , Nekolla Stephan G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: In patients with increasing PSA and suspicion for prostate cancer, but previous negative biopsies, PET/MRI is used to test for tumors and target potential following biopsy. We aimed to determine different PSMA PET timing effects on signal kinetics and test its correlation with the patients’ PSA and Gleason scores (GS).
Methods: We examined 100 patients for 900s with either 68Ga-PSMA-11, 18F-PSMA-1007 or 18F-rhPSMA7 PET/MR. The scans were reconstructed in static and dynamic mode - 6 equal frames capturing “late” PSMA dynamics. For each lesion, dynamic percent injected dose per gram (%ID/g), SUV, and SUL were calculated, along with static SUV. We computed the TACs and slopes of the linear regression plots against time for all above-mentioned data and tested all computed slopes for correlation with PSA and GS.
Results: Static and dynamic reconstructions allowed unchanged lesion detection despite the difference in counts. For all tracers, the lesions found in the pelvic lymph nodes and bones revealed a mostly negative activity concentration trend (78% and 68%, respectively), while a mostly positive, often stronger trend was revealed for the lesions in the prostate and prostatic fossa following RPE (84% and 83%, respectively). For 68Ga-PSMA-11 data, the correlation between all dynamic parameters and the PSA was strong and negative (Rmin = -0.62, Rmax = - 0.73). For 18F-PSMA-1007 data, no correlation with PSA was found, while for 18F-rhPSMA7, it was consistently low positive (Rmin = 0.29, Rmax = 0.33). All tracers showed only moderate correlation against GS (Rmin = 0.41, Rmax = 0.48). All static SUVs showed weak correlation with PSA (Rmin = 0.24, Rmax = 0.36) and no correlation with GS.
Conclusion: “Late dynamic” PSMA data provided additional insight into the PSMA kinetics. While a stable moderate correlation was found between the PSMA kinetics in pelvic lesions and GS, a significantly variable correlation with the PSA values was shown depending on the radiotracer used, the highest being consistently for 68Ga-PSMA-11. We reason that with such late dynamics, the PSMA kinetics are relatively stable and imaging could even take place at earlier time points as is now in the clinical routine.
Both whole-body rotation and visual flow induce cardiovascular autonomic response in Human, but visual response is overridden by vestibular stimulation
Authors: Kuldavletova O. , Denise P. , Normand H. , Quarck G. , Etard O. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
While the influence of the vestibular and extra-vestibular gravity signals on the cardiovascular system has been demonstrated, there is little evidence that visual stimuli can trigger cardiovascular responses. Furthermore, there is no evidence of interaction between visual and vestibular signals in autonomic control, as would be expected since they are highly integrated. The present study explored the cardiovascular responses to vestibular and visual stimuli in normal subjects. We hypothesized that the visual stimuli would modify the cardiovascular response to vestibular stimulation, especially when the latter is ambiguous with respect to gravity. Off-Vertical-Axis-Rotation (OVAR) was used to stimulate vestibular and extra-vestibular receptors of gravity in 48 healthy young adults while virtual reality was used for visual stimulation. Arterial pressure (AP), respiratory rate and ECG were measured. The analysis accounted for the respiratory modulation of AP and heart rate (HR). Vestibular stimulation by OVAR was shown to modulate both mean arterial pressure (MAP) and HR, while the visual stimulation was significantly affecting HR modulation, but not MAP. Moreover, the specific visual effect was present only when the subjects were not in rotation. Therefore, visual stimulation is able to modulate the heart rate, but is overridden by vestibular stimulation due to real movement.
Elastic wavefield decomposition for reverse time migration in 3D TI media
Authors: Zuo Jiahui , Niu Fenglin , Zhang Lele , Liu Lu , Zhang Houzhu , Chen Ke , Shuai Da , Yang Jidong , Zhao Yang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Elastic reverse-time migration (ERTM) which utilizes the advantages of both P and S wave modes is a widespread application for imaging in 3D anisotropic media. However, crosstalks due to intrinsically coupled P- and S-wavefields may degrade the image quality. To solve this problem, this study presents an effective vector P- and S-wavefields decomposition scheme in ERTM that can improve the images of 3D Transverse Isotropy (TI) media. The proposed method consists of four steps: (1) rotate the observation coordinate system to align its vertical axis with the symmetry axis of 3D TI media; (2) derive the formulations of the 3D TI decomposition operator by applying the VTI P/S wave-mode decomposition strategy based on eigenform analysis in the new coordinate system; (3) implement vector P- and S-wavefields decomposition by constructing 3D TI Poisson’s equation, and introduce a novel and efficient method based on the first-order Taylor expansion to accelerate the computational efficiency of the decomposition; (4) apply a vector-based dot-product imaging condition to generate PP and PS images. Compared with previous studies, the algorithm of our proposed method in 3D TI media is both numerically stable and computationally efficient. The 3D TI decomposition operator generates vector P- and S-wavefields showing the correct amplitude/phase with the input ones. Several numerical examples illustrate the satisfactory performance of the proposed 3D TI decomposition operator and the effective image improvement.
Nurses lived Experiences, burdens and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jarrad Reem Ahmad , ALdasoqi Khadeejeh Yousef Abdul Aziz , ALnatsheh Malak Tareq Talib 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

This is a qualitative interpretative phenomenological study which was designed to navigate through nurses’ lived experiences, burdens and both positive and negative coping strategies while working with COVID-19 patients. The sample included 20 nurses who had worked with COVID-19 patients for more than or equal to six months in the country’s variable health sectors. The interviews were conducted between 1,October,2021 and 15,April,2022. At that time, the third COVID wave had elapsed and we were peaking on a fourth pandemic wave, so included participants had lived through a minimum of two to three peaks. Six themes had emerged which were: nurses coping with COVID-19 crisis, professional relationship burden, personal burden, environmental burden, physical symptom burden and emotional burden of the crisis. Nurses lived experiences during the pandemic were deep and intense and moderately to highly affecting their ways of thinking, feeling and behaving. Certainly such experience had opened nurses eyes on countless number of challenges that could be faced during the times of adversity which requires special attention, care and preparation on many levels. The minimal preparatory levels are personal, departmental, organizational and strategic at the level of country’s proactive health planning.
Investigation of flow control and cooling performance using comb plasma actuators
Authors: Sun Jie , Wang Jin , Xie Gongnan , Sundén Bengt 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel comb plasma actuator (CPA) for active flow control. The effects of the CPA on the tip and the root are investigated to improve the film cooling effectiveness. Results show that the CPA on the root increases the size of the counter-rotating vortex pairs (CRVPs) and the agminated body force arches the coolant air away from the wall. Nevertheless, the scale of the anti-counter rotating vortex pairs (Anti-CRVPs) induced by CPA on the tip is larger than one of CRVPs, which significantly weakens the coiling effect of the mainstream on the coolant air. The maximum velocity of the near-wall fluid with CPA on the tip is 1.2 times that without a plasma actuator. Compared with plasma off, the wall-averaged film cooling effectiveness increases by 90.9%, 108.9%, 87.2%, and 38.0%, respectively, under blowing ratios of 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 when using CPA on the tip. In addition, the wall-averaged cooling effectiveness increases by 58.7%, 108.9%, and 115.0% when applied voltages are 6 kV, 12 kV, and 24 kV%, respectively. The diffusing body force of CPA on the tip increases coolant air distributions along the spanwise direction. When the blowing ratio increases from 0.25 to 1.0, the spanwise film cooling effectiveness increases by 62.3%, 103.4%, 164.6%, and 150.5%, respectively, on average.
Rheology of copper-kappa-carrageenan/amberlite composite
Authors: Shah Fahad Hassan , Salman Saad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Carrageenan (car-), used in the pharmaceutical as well as food industry, is a marine sulfated polysaccharide. Car-, used in the pharmaceutical as well as food industry, is a marine sulfated polysaccharide. The carrageenan blends (CB) of kappa (κ-), iota (ι-), and lambda (λ-) of 50/50 weight by weight are multipurpose and biocompatible hydrophilic polymers. They have been subjected to the adsorption of copper (Cu2+) ions. The aim of the study was to conduct extensive rheological and mechanical studies rendering them suitable for biological purposes. The rheology was conducted at various temperatures using a frequency curve, frequency sweep, loss modulus, and storage modulus analysis. Models of rheology like Ostwald, Bingham, and Modified Bingham models were utilized. The rheological results demonstrated non-Newtonian/pseudo-plastic behavior at various temperatures. The models of rheology demonstrated good flow properties and rheological performance of these materials. These materials could be exploited for their application in pharmaceuticals, food, and cosmetics. Thus, our study reflects that these CB can be safely exploited in the healthcare, pharmaceutical, and food industry. However, further studies should be conducted to evaluate their effectiveness in clinical studies.
Aberrant function of the salience network related to maltreatment experiences during thought–action fusion
Authors: Lee Sang Won , Kim Seungho , Kim Yun Ji , Jin Bohyun , Chang Yongmin , Lee Seung Jae 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Childhood maltreatment (CM) causes early deviations in cognitive and affective processes, leading to future adaptation failures and psychopathology. Specifically, CM has been linked to cognitive distortions, and recent studies have focused on the impact of CM on the higher level of metacognitive beliefs. However, only a few studies have revealed the neural mechanisms underlying the association between altered metacognition and CM. Therefore, this functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study investigated the neural correlates of thought–action fusion (TAF) tendency and CM experiences. Overall, 40 young adults (21 men) participated in this study and underwent fMRI during the TAF task as well as psychological evaluation for CM, TAF tendency, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. During the TAF task, they were asked to read negative (Neg) or neutral (Neu) statements about neutral or close people (CP). Notably, significant activations were found in regions such as the bilateral anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), caudate, thalamus, medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus, and right amygdala in the NegCP > NeuCP contrast. Furthermore, anterior insula and dACC activities were significantly correlated with total scores of CM experiences and TAF. Exaggerated TAF tendency in CM victims was associated with increased response of the anterior insula and dACC, which are two core hubs of the salience network. Our results therefore seem to suggest insights for a better understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying metacognitive beliefs related to CM experiences.
Programmed death-ligand 1 expression and overall survival in Thai patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Chitapanarux Taned , Gumrai Pawut , Kongkarnka Sarawut , Wannasai Komson , Lertprasertsuke Nirush 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression has now been implicated in gastric cancer (GC). However, data on PD-L1 expression in GC patients receiving standard-of-care are limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the impact of clinicopathological characteristics on PD-L1 expression and its association with overall survival in Thai patients with GC.
Methods
We retrospectively collected clinical data on 268 patients with GC from Chiang Mai University Hospital between January 2018 to December 2021. PD-L1 expression was assayed by immunohistochemistry staining using the Dako 22C3 pharmDx. PD-L1 positivity was defined as the combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 1.
Results
The rate of PD-L1 positivity in Thai patients with GC was 22%. PD-L1 expression had no statistical correlation with gender, tumor location, diameter, pTNM stage, Lauren classification, or lymphatic and vascular invasion. However, PD-L1 positivity was significantly higher in patients younger than 55 than those older than 55 (32.6% vs. 16.5%, p = 0.035). In addition, PD-L1 positivity was observed more frequently in GC with metastases than without (28.6% vs. 20.8%, p = 0.694). Moreover, patients with PD-L1 positive had a significantly shorter median overall survival than those with PD-L1 negative (32.7 vs. 41.6 months, p = 0.042).
Conclusions
PD-L1 expression is evident in one-fourth of Thai patients with GC. The expression of PD-L1 in GC patients has been associated with young age, short survival, and metastases, although unrelated to the tumor stage. Therefore, testing GC tumors for PD-L1 expression is recommended to provide a therapeutic advantage in Thai patients.
Evaluation of Cardiac Effect in Acute Organophosphate Poisoning
Authors: Yüzügüllü Mehmet , Kekeç Zeynep , Yüzügüllü Didem 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aim
The aim of this study is to investigate the cardiac effects in acute organophosphate poisonings with the emergency approach.
Material and Methods
Patients over the age of 15 with cholinergic toxic syndrome symptoms who applied to the Emergency Medicine Department due to organophosphate poisoning were prospectively included in the study. The type and level of organophosphate were analyzed. Creatine kinase, creatine kinase MB isoenzyme, troponin T, pseudocholinesterase were measured. Rhythm, rate, PR distance, corrected QT interval, ST-T changes, right and left bundle branch block, right and left axis deviation were evaluated in ECG.
Results
Forty-six patients (27 female, 19 male), were included in the study. The 6th hour creatine kinase, creatine kinase MB and Troponin T values of the patients were significantly higher than values at the time of admission. A positive and statistically significant correlation was found between the creatine kinase values at the time of admission and the pseudocholinesterase values of the patients. A positive correlation was found between creatine kinase -MB and pseudocholinesterase values at the time of admission. Similarly, a positive correlation was found between Troponin-T and pseudocholinesterase. After taking Diazinon, Chlorpyrifos and Cypermethrin, sinus tachycardia was observed at the time of admission. After carbofuran intake, the ECG rhythm at admission was normal, and sinus tachycardia was observed at the 6th hour. It was determined that the QT interval was long at the time of admission after taking Chlorpyrifos. After diazinon and cypermethrin intake, the QT interval was evaluated as long at the 6th hour. Left bundle branch block was observed after cypermethrin intake.
Conclusion
Organophosphate compounds are one of the important causes of poisoning. The results of this study, which examines cardiac enzymes and ECG changes after organophosphate poisoning, will provide important contributions to the literature.
Innovative solid desiccant dehumidification using distributed microwaves
Authors: Ybyraiymkul Doskhan , Chen Qian , Burhan Muhammad , Akhtar Faheem Hassan , AlRowais Raid , Shahzad Muhammad Wakil , Ja M Kum , Ng Kim Choon 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Dehumidification is one of the key challenges facing the air conditioning (AC) industry in the treatment of moist air. Over many decades, the dual role of heat exchangers of AC chillers for the sensible and latent cooling of space has hindered the thermal-lift reduction in the refrigeration cycle due to the requirements of water vapor removal at dew-point and heat rejection to the ambient air. These practical constraints of AC chillers have resulted in the leveling of energy efficiency of mechanical vapor compressors (MVC) for many decades. One promising approach to energy efficiency improvement is the decoupling of dehumidification from sensible processes so that innovative but separate processes can be applied. In this paper, an advanced microwave dehumidification method is investigated in the laboratory, where the microwave (2.45 GHz) energy can be irradiated onto the dipole structure of water vapor molecules, desorbing rapidly from the pores of adsorbent. Results show a significant improvement in performance for microwave dehumidification, up to 4-fold, as compared to data available in the literature.