bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interaction Study of Anti‐E. coli Immobilization on 1DZnO at Nanoscale for Optical Biosensing Application
Authors: Salinas Rafael A. , Galdámez‐Martínez Andrés , Tolibia Shirlley E. Martínez , Garduño Claudia , Ramos Carlos , Santana Guillermo , Orduña Abdu , Dutt Ateet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDeveloping low‐cost biosensing platforms for robust detection response and sensitivity at low concentrations is of great interest. This work reports synthesizing 1D ZnO nanostructured materials (1DZnO) with controllable properties utilizing a metal catalyst‐assisted vapor phase growth technique (VLS). The obtained materials are functionalized with (3‐aminopropyl) trimetoxysilane (APTMS) and immobilized with anti‐Escherichia coli enteropathogenic (EPEC) antibodies. Characterization results show changes in the optical and structural properties of 1DZnO that are correlated with the biofunctionalization methodologies. Further, the biofunctionalization process is assessed on 1DZnO surface platforms to obtain acceptable antibody immobilization efficiencies (52%, 96%, and 100%) using a low‐concentration antibody solution (30 µg ml−1). Special techniques such as focused ion beam micromachining and scanning tunneling electron microscopy are proposed to appreciate the semiconductor biofunctionalization layer around 1DZnO and explain the physics of the interaction process. It is found that morphology obtained from distinct synthesis methods, solvents, and functionalization agents can generate functional groups for biomolecule attachment. Remarkably, it is demonstrated that biofunctionalization on 1DZnO takes place all over a single nanostructure. This work presents a proof‐of‐concept focused on generating pathogen sensing platforms using 1DznO semiconducting materials, providing new insights into bio‐analytes interaction with structures at the nanoscale.
Characterization of Nanometric Thin Films with Far‐Field Light
Authors: Klimovsky Hodaya , Shavit Omer , Julien Carine , Olevsko Ilya , Hamode Mohamed , Abulafia Yossi , Suaudeau Hervé , Armand Vincent , Oheim Martin , Salomon Adi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe characterization of ultrathin transparent films is paramount for various optoelectronic materials, coatings, and photonics. However, characterizing such thin layers is difficult and it requires specialized clean‐room equipment and trained personnel. Here, a contact‐less, all‐optical method is introduced and validated for characterizing nanometric transparent films using far‐field optics. A series of nanometric, smooth, and homogeneous layered samples are fabricated first, alternating transparent spacer and fluorescent layers in a controlled manner. Fluorescence radiation pattern originating from the thin fluorophore layers is then recorded and analyzed and quantitative image analysis is used to perform in operando measurements of the refractive index, film homogeneity and to estimate axial fluorophore distances at a sub‐wavelength scale with a precision of a few of nanometers. The results compare favorably to measurements obtained through more complicated and involved techniques. Applications in nanometrology and biological axial super‐resolution imaging are presented. It is demonstrated in live cells the precise axial localization of single organelles in cortical astrocytes, an important type of brain cell. The approach is cheap, versatile and it will have applications in various fields of photonics.
Elucidating Structure Formation in Highly Oriented Triple Cation Perovskite Films
Authors: Telschow Oscar , Scheffczyk Niels , Hinderhofer Alexander , Merten Lena , Kneschaurek Ekaterina , Bertram Florian , Zhou Qi , Löffler Markus , Schreiber Frank , Paulus Fabian , Vaynzof Yana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetal halide perovskites are an emerging class of crystalline semiconductors of great interest for application in optoelectronics. Their properties are dictated not only by their composition, but also by their crystalline structure and microstructure. While significant efforts are dedicated to the development of strategies for microstructural control, significantly less is known about the processes that govern the formation of their crystalline structure in thin films, in particular in the context of crystalline orientation. This work investigates the formation of highly oriented triple cation perovskite films fabricated by utilizing a range of alcohols as an antisolvent. Examining the film formation by in situ grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering reveals the presence of a short‐lived highly oriented crystalline intermediate, which is identified as FAI‐PbI2‐xDMSO. The intermediate phase templates the crystallization of the perovskite layer, resulting in highly oriented perovskite layers. The formation of this dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) containing intermediate is triggered by the selective removal of N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) when alcohols are used as an antisolvent, consequently leading to differing degrees of orientation depending on the antisolvent properties. Finally, this work demonstrates that photovoltaic devices fabricated from the highly oriented films, are superior to those with a random polycrystalline structure in terms of both performance and stability.
Charged Domain Walls in BaTiO3 Crystals Emerging from Superdomain Boundaries
Authors: Bednyakov Petr S. , Hlinka Jiří 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrevious experiments with barium titanate crystals have shown that electric field applied in the vicinity of its ferroelectric phase transition can be used to introduce peculiar ferroelectric domain walls, persisting to the ambient conditions: head‐to‐head charged walls compensated by the 2D electron gas. The present in situ optical observations allow the documentation of the early stage of this poling process in which the cubic and ferroelectric phases coexist, the latter being broken into multiple martensitic superdomains, separated by superdomain boundaries. It is revealed that the transient superdomains are subsequently converted into the regular ferroelectric domains, while the superdomain boundaries transform into the desired charged domain walls. In order to assign the observed transient domain patterns, to understand the shapes of the observed ferrolectric precipitates and their agglomerates as well as to provide the overall interpretation of the recorded domain formation process, the implications of the mechanical compatibility of the coexisting superdomain states are derived in the framework of the Wechsler–Lieberman–Read theory. These results also suggest that both the electric conductivity and interlinked motion of the superdomain boundaries and phase fronts are involved in the transport of the compensating charge carriers toward the charged domain wall location.
Highly Oxidation‐Resistant Ether Gel Electrolytes for 4.7 V High‐Safety Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhang Chunxiao , Lu Zheng , Song Miao , Zhang Youquan , Jing Chuyang , Chen Libao , Ji Xiaobo , Wei Weifeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEther electrolytes are considered to be one of the most promising candidates for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) since they help to form a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) on lithium anodes. However, conventional liquid ether electrolytes are not suitable for the high‐voltage LMBs over 4.5 V due to their narrow potential windows. Herein, a gel electrolyte strategy is demonstrated to improve the high voltage stability of ether electrolytes in LMBs with Li‐rich layered oxide (LLO) cathodes that usually operate at 4.6 V and above. Compared with a liquid electrolyte, the electrochemical window of the gel electrolyte with cross‐linked amide framework is increased by 1 V. The strong cross‐linked framework not only regulates the uniform growth of cathode electrolyte interface (CEI)/SEI on the cathode/anode sides, but also greatly increases the Li+ transference number and inhibits the generation of harmful substances by anchoring PF6− anions, thus providing a long cycle for LMBs at a high voltage up to 4.7 V. Simultaneously, the flame retardancy and flexibility of the gel electrolyte ensures the safe operation of high‐voltage LMBs. Therefore, the LLO||Li pouch cell using gel electrolyte realizes stable cycling at a high voltage 4.6 V, and can pass the acupuncture test.
A Novel Plastic‐Crystal Electrolyte with Fast Ion‐Transport Channels for Solid Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhao Zhiming , Nian Binbin , Lei Yongjiu , Wang Yizhou , Shi Lin , Yin Jian , Mohammed Omar F. , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMiniaturized solid zinc‐ion batteries that are safe, environmentally friendly, and low‐cost are ideal candidates for powering emerging microelectronics. However, sluggish Zn2+ mobility in solid phases hampers the viability of solid Zn2+ electrolytes and hence their practicability. Here, nanoscale Zn2+ channels are successfully engineered in a plastic‐crystal electrolyte, thus activating fast Zn2+ solid‐state transport. The ion‐dipole interaction exerted by water molecules orients amphiphilic anions in bilayers, further forming a layered architecture backed by long‐range van der Waals attractive forces. In the interlayer, the heteroleptic coordination contributed by the water molecule and anion frees the Zn2+ from anionic traps, leading to a high Zn2+ conductivity of 2.2 × 10−3 S cm−1. This elaborately tailored texture confers a combination of robust mechanical characteristics and outstanding electrochemical performance upon the resultant electrolyte. The applicability is demonstrated by the high Zn2+ platting/stripping efficiency (99.6%), durable longevity of symmetric Zn‐Zn and Zn‐MnO2 cells, as well as the engineering of versatile micro batteries (MBs). This work provides new perspectives for developing super multivalent ion conductors through the innovative design of ion‐conducting nanochannels.
Postoperative diplopia after medial–inferior orbital wall decompression in patients with thyroid eye disease
Authors: Armache Maria , McKnight Tory , Parsel Sean M. , Chitguppi Chandala , Toskala Elina , Rosen Marc , Watson Alison , Pribitkin Edmund , Rabinowitz Michael , Rabinowitz Mindy , Bilyk Jurij , Nyquist Gurston 
Published: April 2023

Key points
10% of patients undergoing MAI decompression for TED developed new‐onset diplopia
MAI decompression remains an excellent option for orbital decompression for TED
Enzymatic hydrolysis and detection of 3‐monochloropropane‐1,2‐diol esters
Authors: Xu Ting , Zeng Qingru , Liu Xin , Xiao Shensheng , Jiang Xiaoming , Lu Yuepeng , Gong Zhiyong , Gao Yonggui , Fang Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere are more and more studies on the detection method of 3‐chloro‐1,2‐propanediol fatty acid esters (3‐MCPD esters) at present, by comparing these methods for the determination of 3‐MCPD esters. Indirect methods, which determine total amount of 3‐MCPD after hydrolysis of the esters, have an advantage over direct methods. The existing indirect methods, however, may yield unreliable results or require long hours of alkaline methanolysis. In contrast, the indirect enzymatic hydrolysis method has mild conditions and more accurate results. In this study, we developed a reliable and rapid indirect method for determination of 3‐MCPD esters. 3‐MCPD esters were enzymolysis to 3‐MCPD by indirect enzymatic hydrolysis method, and the conditions of enzymatic hydrolysis were optimized, the content of 3‐MCPD after enzymatic hydrolysis was detected by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and the yield was calculated. Finally, the optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of 3‐MCPD esters were determined. According to the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis condition, the contents of 3‐MCPD esters in four food oils were determined. The method is simple and sensitive and can meet the requirement of 3‐MCPD esters detection in general oils.
Enhancement of polypropylene mechanical behavior by the synergistic effect of mixtures of carbon nanofibers and graphene nanoplatelets modified with cold propylene plasma
Authors: Covarrubias‐Gordillo C. A. , Rivera‐Salinas J. E. , Fonseca‐Florido H. A. , Ávila‐Orta C. A. , Medellín‐Rodríguez F. J. , Medellín‐Banda D. I. , Pérez‐Rodríguez P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIncorporating carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) into polymers can enhance their mechanical behavior; however, enhancement depends strongly on compatibility and homogeneous dispersion. Actual methods to succeed high dispersion and compatibility are complicated, have solvent‐associated problems, and long processing times. The present work proposes the increase of the dispersion and compatibility of CNPs in a polypropylene (PP) matrix to obtain a nanocomposite with high mechanical properties, using simple, fast, and green methodologies: the modification of the CNPs by cold propylene plasma and the synergistic effect resulting from mixtures of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) with PP matrix by melt mixing. Mixtures of CNFs and GNPs in 9:1, 8:2, and 7:3 ratios at 1 and 5 wt/wt% with and without surface modification by cold propylene plasma were fabricated. The compatibility and dispersion of the CNPs in the PP matrix were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy, and the results were related to the mechanical properties. The results show that the use of mixtures improved the dispersion in the system and hindered the reagglomeration of CNPs, whereas surface modification with plasma promotes higher compatibility between the phases. The elastic modulus of PP reached an increase of 127.40% using a modified mixture by plasma in a 7:3 ratio (CNF:GNPs) at 5 wt/wt%, while when the CNPs were used individually, the modified CNFs and GNPs at 5 wt/wt%, reached 97.77% and 111.85%, respectively. In addition, a finite element analysis shows that the stresses in nanocomposites fabricated with mixtures of CNPs are supported to a greater extent by GNPs than CNFs due to their morphology with a low number of graphene sheets, which allows them to have greater flexibility.
Failure analysis of fiberglass cover used for photovoltaic plants
Authors: Cepolina Francesco , Gabrielli Serena , Ferla Guido , Marcantoni Enrico , Spinelli Lorenzo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCover boxes with inspection glass are generally used outdoors for photovoltaic systems. Sometimes these boxes break, during normal use. High temperature, thermal stress, cyclic stress, and cracking contribute to weakening the polymeric inspection “glass”. The study presents an interdisciplinary analysis to discover the mode of occurrence and causes of the failure. First, the material is accurately characterized. Then its mechanical behavior is characterized in a virtual scenario that reconstructs the real external environment. The goal is to build a new cover with inspection boxes that exhibits superior life cycle behavior when exposed to harsh weather conditions and atmospheric agents. The breaking phenomena of solar panels covering boxes in PMMA (Poly Methyl Methacrylate) are examined. Environmental stress is the main responsible for cracking. Styrene is employed in the polymerization process of Sheet Molding Compound (SMC); the diffusion of this material is the main responsible for cracking. Comprehensive engineering analysis shows how the thermoplastic component fails after being exposed to atmospheric agents. The PMMA “glass” is one of the polymers most sensible to the crazing phenomena.
Non‐spherical shape optimization of artificial hip joint based on elastohydrodynamic lubrication analysis
Authors: Gu Junfeng , Li Qin , Zhang Tianyi , Li Zheng , Ruan Shilun , Shen Changyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractStructural optimization design is a promising way to further promote the lubrication performance of the artificial hip joint (AHJ). In this work, a non‐spherical shape optimization design strategy for the femoral head is firstly proposed. The generatrix, the line rotated about an axis that generates the bearing surface of the femoral head, is characterized based on a third‐order Bezier curve. The performance of the AHJ under steady‐state condition is analyzed by solving the governing equations of the elastohydrodynamic lubrication problem, and the minimum lubricating film thickness of the AHJ is maximized by adjusting the positions of four control points of the Bezier curve based on the simulated annealing method. The results show that, when compared with the standard spherical femoral head, the optimized non‐spherical femoral head can significantly improve the minimum thickness and reduce the maximum pressure of the lubricating film of the AHJ. Through the analysis of the optimization process, the results further reveal that the shape of the femoral head has a direct impact on the thickness distribution of the lubricating film. This research will provide guidance and theoretical support for novel design of AHJs.
Synthesis and properties of silicone‐epoxy polymer with long silicone chain
Authors: Li Hualin , Ai Jiaoyan , Wang Chaozhi , Nie Xiulong , Liu Baohua , Liu Jinming , Zhao Zhilei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSilicone‐epoxy polymers (SEP) with different n(SiH)/n(CC) ratios were synthesized through the hydrosilylation reaction of diallyl bisphenol A epoxy resin (DADGEBA) and hydrogen‐containing silicone oil (HS) with long silicone chain. The structure of SEP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and the compatibility of the curing system was studied by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). DMA and SEM results showed that after curing with epoxy curing agent, the compatibility of the curing system was excellent. The mechanical, bonding, and thermal properties of the cured product were also measured. The cured product exhibited superior thermal stability and mechanical properties. High toughness of SEP was provided by the long silicone chain, and high mechanical strength was provided by the cross‐linking networks. The maximum tensile strength was 15.64 MPa, the maximum elongation at break was 62%, and the maximum tensile lap‐shear strength was 8.89 MPa. The silicone‐epoxy polymers can be widely used in electronic packaging in the future.
Box–Behnken optimization of biodiesel production using trisodium phosphate catalyst from monazite ore processes
Authors: Saisriyoot Maythee , Suksuchot Waraporn , Thanapimmetha Anusith , Rattanaphra Dussadee , Srinophakun Penjit 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTrisodium phosphate (TSP) is a non‐toxic waste obtained from alkaline cracking as part of the processing of monazite ore. After simple purification, TSP can be utilized in many applications; however, it is used as a catalyst in this study. It is characterized using Thermogravimetric analysis , X‐ray diffraction analysis, Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller, and Temperature‐programmed desorption of carbon dioxide and optimized in the transesterification reaction. After recrystallization and calcination at 350 °C for 0.5 h, the form of the TSP was tetragonal, with a 2.61 m2/g surface area and 537.4 x 10‐6 mol/g basic sites. Trisodium phosphate can therefore be utilized effectively as a solid base catalyst for the transesterification of palm oil. Three biodiesel production parameters were investigated: the methanol to oil molar ratio (6:1–24:1), catalyst concentration (1–10%), and reaction time (30 to 240 min). The experiments were designed using the Box–Behnken response surface method. As a result, the optimum conditions for biodiesel production are a 22:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 4% catalyst concentration, and 200 min reaction time. The optimal fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content is 99.79%, with an error between actual and predicted FAME of 0.21%. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Comparison of statistical models to predict age‐standardized cancer incidence in Switzerland
Authors: Trächsel Bastien , Rousson Valentin , Bulliard Jean‐Luc , Locatelli Isabella 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study compares the performance of statistical methods for predicting age‐standardized cancer incidence, including Poisson generalized linear models, age‐period‐cohort (APC) and Bayesian age‐period‐cohort (BAPC) models, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) time series, and simple linear models. The methods are evaluated via leave‐future‐out cross‐validation, and performance is assessed using the normalized root mean square error, interval score, and coverage of prediction intervals. Methods were applied to cancer incidence from the three Swiss cancer registries of Geneva, Neuchatel, and Vaud combined, considering the five most frequent cancer sites: breast, colorectal, lung, prostate, and skin melanoma and bringing all other sites together in a final group. Best overall performance was achieved by ARIMA models, followed by linear regression models. Prediction methods based on model selection using the Akaike information criterion resulted in overfitting. The widely used APC and BAPC models were found to be suboptimal for prediction, particularly in the case of a trend reversal in incidence, as it was observed for prostate cancer. In general, we do not recommend predicting cancer incidence for periods far into the future but rather updating predictions regularly.
Influence of a patient navigation program on timeliness of care in patients with esophageal cancer
Authors: Arora Nikita , Lo Marcus , Hanna Nader M. , Pereira Jennifer , Digby Geneviève , Bechara Robert , Merchant Shaila J. , Hopman Wilma , Li Shirley , Giles Andrew , Chung Wiley 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatient navigation (P.N.) is designed to eliminate barriers to care. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a novel P.N. program on timeliness of care in patients with esophageal cancer.MethodsThis retrospective study compared the timeliness of care for esophageal cancer patients before (January 2014–March 2018) and after the implementation of a novel P.N. program (April 2018–March 2020), called EDAP, at a tertiary care center. The primary outcome was time from biopsy to first treatment; secondary outcomes included time from biopsy to complete staging, biopsy to complete preoperative workup, and referral to the first point of contact. The outcomes were evaluated in the entire cohort and then in a subgroup of patients undergoing curative multimodality therapy.ResultsThere were 96 patients in the pre‐EDAP group and 98 patients in the post‐EDAP group. There was no significant difference between pre‐ and post‐EDAP in the time from biopsy to first treatment and time from biopsy to staging in the overall cohort. In the subgroup of patients undergoing curative multimodality therapy, there was a significant decrease in time from biopsy to first treatment postnavigation (60–51 days, p = 0.02), in addition to a significant decrease in time from biopsy to preoperative workup and time from biopsy to staging.ConclusionsThis is the first study demonstrating that a novel P.N. program for patients with esophageal cancer improved timeliness of care. The group of patients who benefited most were those undergoing curative multimodality therapy, likely given the extensive coordination of services required by this group.