bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Awareness and Knowledge of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema Among a Group of Psychiatrists in Turkey – An Online Survey
Authors: Yaman Aysegul , Borman Pinar , Ozdemir Oya , Umaroglu Mumtaz Mutlu 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The point-of-view and role of physiatrists are important in the clinical care of breast-cancer-related-lymphedema (BCRL) patients to set up management and rehabilitation strategies.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the awareness and knowledge of BCRL among a group of physiatrists regarding its causes, symptoms, treatment, and management in Turkey.

Subjects and Methods:
The participants were asked to answer a 10-min web survey, including 19 questions. In addition to their demographical and logistic properties, the questionnaire elicited data on the knowledge, education, and awareness of the physiatrists on the diagnosis and treatment of BCRL.

Results:
In total, 127 female and 44 male physiatrists completed the survey. Also, 71% of the participants were aged between 31 and 50 years, mostly working in metropoles and tertiary hospitals for more than 5 years. Further, 63.7% of the participants expressed that they had knowledge about BCRL; however, detailed knowledge of lymphedema treatment was low, as 67.9% of the physiatrists reported that they had no comprehensive information about complete-decongestive-therapy. Nearly half of the participants did not believe that once lymphedema has clinically manifested, a patient can eventually be treated for BCRL. Also, 87% of the participants had attended less than two educational events related to BCRL in the past 5 years. In all, 94.7% of the physicians determined a great need for education and awareness of the current literature about BCRL.

Conclusion:
The awareness and knowledge of lymphedema is moderate but detailed information, knowledge, and education about lymphedema and its treatment are low among a group of physiatrists. With the growing number of breast cancer survivors, physiatrists' awareness and education about BCRL are crucial to improve the quality of care of patients.
Effect of Different Clinical Practices on Postoperative Pain in Permanent Mandibular Molar Teeth with Symptomatic Apical Periodontitis
Authors: Akpinar KE , Kaya F 
Published: August 2023

Aims:
This clinical study aimed to evaluate the effect of different clinical practices with endodontic emergency treatment on postoperative pain in mandibular permanent molar teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis.

Methods:
In the present study, root canal treatment was applied to 100 patients who met the inclusion criteria. Patients were randomly assigned to 5 groups (control, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug [NSAID], NSAID and antihistaminic drug combination, placebo drug, and intracanal cryotherapy) using a web program. In the first visit, after preparation with the WaveOne Gold file system, calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) medicament was placed on the root canals. However, after the treatment of the patients was completed, six patients patients were excluded from the study because they did not come to the control appointment 7 days later. After the removal of Ca(OH)2 medicament in the second session, the root canals were obturated according to cold lateral condensation technique and final restorations of the teeth were performed. Patients' preoperative and postoperative pain values (4–8–12–24–48 and 72 hours) determined by visual analog scale (VAS) were recorded. The data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman test, Wilcoxon test, and Chi-square test.

Results:
According to the results of our study; there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, gender, preoperative pain, and postoperative analgesic requirement (P > 0.05). In all groups, there were significant differences between the values of different times (P < 0.05). While initial pain values were higher than the hours after treatment (P < 0.05), there was no significant difference between postoperative pain values (P > 0.05). When the groups in terms of pain scales measured at different times compared with each other; in all times there was no significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
It was observed that all clinical practices significantly reduced preoperative pain.
Clinical and Radiological Outcome of the Locked Plate Osteosynthesis in Distal Metadiaphyseal Tibial Fracture According to the Severity of Comminution
Authors: Ahn J , Jeong BO 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The optimal treatment for distal tibial fractures remains a matter of debate. Nonetheless, plate osteosynthesis produces favorable results to intramedullary stabilization in aspects of alignment restoration.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to compare the radiologic and clinical outcomes of distal metadiaphyseal tibial fracture between a simple/wedge fracture (SWF) and a comminuted fracture (CF) using minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO).

Patients and Methods:
This retrospective study analyzed patients with SWF or CF of the distal tibial metadiaphysis that was surgically treated with a locking compression plate. Postoperative radiographic assessments and the time to radiologic union were noted. Clinical assessments were evaluated using both the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle–hindfoot score and the foot function index (FFI). Postoperative complications were documented.

Results:
Seventy-one cases were analyzed over a mean follow-up period of 20.9 months. Thirty-six patients had SWF and 35 patients presented with CF. The mean time to radiologic union, amounts of postoperative coronal angulation, and incidence of malunion showed no statistical differences. Fibular fixation was more applied in the CF group (P < 0.001). Moreover, the clinical scores revealed no differences. Nonetheless, in the valgus union group, the AOFAS ankle–hindfoot score was 90.9 compared to 84.1 in the varus union group (P = 0.042) and the FFI was 9.2% compared to 20.2% in the varus union group (P = 0.017).

Conclusion:
Plate osteosynthesis for SWF or CF of the distal tibial metadiaphysis led to high union rates and good clinical outcomes. There was no significant difference in the radiologic and clinical results according to the presence of fracture comminution. Nonetheless, the valgus union group showed better clinical outcomes than the varus union group. Clinically, it would be preferred to avoid intraoperative varus reduction.
Evaluation of the Effects of Intraarticular Glucocorticoid Injections on Blood Glucose Levels in Diabetes Mellitus and Nondiabetes Mellitus Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder
Authors: Akin-Takmaz S , Babaoğlu G , Başar H , Baltacı B 
Published: August 2023

Aims:
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of intraarticular glucocorticoid injections on blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-DM patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder and investigate the risk factors for hyperglycemia.

Methods:
The study included 40 DM and 38 non-DM patients. The DM status, HbA1c levels, baseline fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, and post-injection 1-, 7-, 15-, and 21-day FBG levels were evaluated retrospectively.

Results:
The FBG levels were significantly higher 1 and 7 day after the glucocorticoid injection as compared with the baseline levels (P = 0.001 and <0.001, respectively). The increase was greatest in DM patients and then returned to baseline levels 15-day post-injection. In terms of the mean difference in post-injection and baseline FBG levels, the increase on day 1 was statistically significantly greater in the DM group as compared with that in the non-DM group (P = 0.01). Linear regression model showed that only the baseline FBG level predicted the glucose level 1-day post-treatment (β = 0.839, P < 0.01).

Conclusion:
Intraarticular glucocorticoid injections can safely be administered as a treatment for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder in patients with well-controlled DM. Baseline FBG levels may predict peak blood glucose levels in patients with well-controlled DM. We recommend that DM patients with adhesive capsulitis should undergo frequent monitoring of blood glucose in the 2 week following intraarticular glucocorticoid injection treatment.
ABO-Rh Blood Types and Clinical Consequences of COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Turhan AB , Içten1 S , Ayazoglu TA , Çag Y , Ankarali H , Turhan AH 
Published: August 2023

Aim and Background:
Because of there is no sufficient evidence showing a relationship between blood types and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, this study was planned to investigate the effects of ABO blood group on the clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Patients and Methods:
The data of the patients were examined retrospectively. The patients who were hospitalized in wards or intensive care unit, constituted the study group. The patients who presented to the hospital because of other causes and whose blood type examinations were performed, were included in the control group.

Results:
The study group consisted of 406 six patients were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Control group consisted of 38079 patients whose blood group was determined for any reason in the same period. The rate of Rh negativity was significantly higher in the patient group (p = 0,01). Hospitalization duration in intensive care was significantly longer in the blood type A and AB groups compared to the blood type O group (p = 0,03).

Conclusion:
Our results are in agreement with other studies suggesting that blood group O individuals are somewhat more resistant to clinically overt infection with SARS-CoV-2 than other blood groups. In addition, Rh negativity may also be an individual risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Normative Reference Values for the Timed Up-and-Go Test in Indian Children Aged Four to 11 Years Old and Their Correlation with Demographic Characteristics
Authors: Panchal A , Tedla JS , Ghatamaneni D , Reddy RS , Sangadala DR , Alshahrani MS 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The timed up-and-go test (TUGT) is a quick, reliable, and valid assessment tool for evaluating functional mobility or dynamic balance.

Aims:
The purpose of this study was to establish the normative values for TUGT in children aged 4 to 11 years old in Surat, India.

Methods:
A total of 420 children (210 boys and 210 girls) were included. Subjects were divided into seven age groups. In each age group, 60 (30 males and 30 females) subjects were included. Subjects were randomly recruited from primary schools and underwent three trials of the TUGT. Then, the mean of the three TUGT trials was calculated for each participant.

Results:
We formulated normative reference values for each of the seven age groups. The mean and standard deviation of the TUGT score across the total population was 6.00 ± 1.15 seconds. TUGT scores were compared between age groups and genders. Between boys and girls, we found no significant differences. Among the age groups, however, we found significant differences, with a P value of less than 0.001. Thus, only age showed a moderate negative correlation with TUGT score.

Conclusions:
This study provides normative reference values for the TUGT among Indian children aged four to 11 years old. We found that no differences existed between the TUGT results according to genders. Conversely, age had a moderate negative correlation: a comparison of TUGT scores among the ages revealed significant differences between the age groups.
Is it Possible to Predict the Outcome of Endovascular Thrombectomy for Hyperdense Middle Cerebral Artery Sign at the Time of First Admission?
Authors: Aykac O , Ozdemir AO , Cenikli U 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) on admission non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) is a well-characterized phenomenon in acute ischemic stroke.

Aim:
The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of HMCAS on the outcome of patients who underwent endovascular thrombectomy.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective analysis of a prospectively collective database included 136 consecutive patients with anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular thrombectomy. We collected the demographics, and clinical and brain imaging as well as functional and imaging outcomes data at baseline. Patients were divided into two groups with hyperdense artery sign and those without the sign. The difference between the two groups in terms of mortality and prognosis was analyzed.

Results:
There were 136 patients, 50.7% of them were women. The mean age was 59.1 years. The subgroup with HMCAS present consisted of 93 patients. There were no differences in demographics and clinical characteristics between the two groups; however, tobacco use is more common in patients with HMCAS. No significant difference was observed in clinical outcomes and mortality between the two groups at 3 months. Patients with HMCAS had statistically more new territory emboli during the procedure (9.7%) compared to patients without HMCAS.

Conclusion:
We showed that the presence of HMCAS in initial CT was not helpful in predicting good clinical outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular therapy patients. However, the presence of HMCAS is related to more new territory embolism during the procedure. Different endovascular strategies may be applied to these patients.
The Prognostic Value of Ischemia-Modified Albumin in Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Cetin M , Oray NC , Bayram B , Calan OG 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Sepsis is a significant contributor of mortality all over the world. Emergency departments have a critical role for diagnosing a suspected sepsis in a patient, since early and proper administration of antibiotics may decrease mortality significantly. But, the unavailability of an objective and reliable diagnostic test is the major challenge of this critical issue.

Aims:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of a novel biomarker, the ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) in patients with sepsis and septic shock in emergency department.

Subjects and Methods:
This prospective, observational study included 81 patients with sepsis or septic shock and 75 controls. Sociodemographic characteristics of the patients, site of infection, IMA levels, other biomarkers (procalcitonin, pH, lactate), mortality at 24-h and 28-day were evaluated.

Results:
The serum IMA levels in patient and control groups were 117.8 ± 85 IU/g and 115.8 ± 134.0 IU/g, respectively (P = 0.072). There was a weak but statistically significant positive correlation between IMA and lactate levels (P = 0.009). The mortality rates of patient group at 24-h and 28 days were 21% and 79%, respectively, but serum IMA levels were not found to be a prognostic marker to predict mortality.

Conclusion:
The main reason for the similarity between groups regarding IMA levels was thought to be associated with the distribution of the acute and chronic health problems other than sepsis in the control group. Emergency department physicians should not only depend on serum IMA levels for predicting the prognosis of patients with sepsis or septic shock.
Discoid Meniscus
Authors: Atik A , Avcikurt AS , Sargin S 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
How the meniscus adapts to the morphological changes in the lateral tibiofemoral compartment, in terms of gene expression, was the reason to establish this present study.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the changes in the mRNA levels of the apoptotic and autophagic genes in the discoid meniscus.

Subjects and Methods:
We have investigated the apoptotic and autophagic gene levels in discoid and normal lateral menisci of 21 patients (11 discoid and 10 control). The RNAs were isolated from the fresh discoid and healthy meniscal tissue. Gene expression was defined based on the threshold cycle (Ct), and Actin beta was used as a reference gene that acts as an internal reference to normalize RNA expression, which was calculated as 2−ΔΔCT.

Results:
Apoptotic and autophagic gene levels were significantly higher in the discoid meniscus group. In discoid meniscus samples, the Bcl-2 mRNA, BclXL, BAK mRNA, ATG 12, ATG 7, ATG 5, ATG 3, and Beclin1 mRNA levels were higher by 4.2, 5.9, 9.1, 8.3, 23.2, 6.1, 12.4, and 18.1 times, respectively, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The discoid meniscus etiology should be considered both in morphological and genetic modulation manners: apoptotic and autophagic genes play roles with tibiofemoral morphological differences.
Detection of Nuclear Receptors in Gingival Samples of Diabetic and Nondiabetic Periodontitis Patients
Authors: Karatas O , Yuce H Balci , Taskan MM , Gevrek F , Yarkac F Ucan , Cacan E 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Diabetes and periodontitis are two chronic inflammatory diseases sharing specific etiopathogenetic mechanisms, and both cause severe inflammation and destruction.

Aims:
The present study aimed to determine the receptor expressions of peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, retinoid X receptor (RXR)-α, vitamin D receptor (VDR), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expressions in healthy gingiva and diseased gingival samples with or without diabetes.

Methods:
Forty-five participants as (1) healthy controls (C), (2) periodontitis group (P), and (3) diabetes and periodontitis group (DP) were enrolled. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment levels (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded in all participants. Two gingival biopsies from each participant were obtained, and one underwent histological tissue processing while the other underwent qRT-PCR analysis of nuclear receptors. Inflammatory and fibroblast cell counts, PPAR-γ, RXR-α, VDR, and NF-κB were evaluated.

Results:
Fibroblast cells were lowest in the DP group and highest in the healthy group. PPAR-γ, VDR, RXR, and NF-κB expressions were higher in the healthy controls in the qRT-PCR analysis and similar in the other groups. Immunohistochemistry analysis also showed similar results.

Conclusion:
qRT-PCR results concluded that healthy gingival samples had higher PPAR-γ, RXR, VDR, and NF-κB expressions, and immunohistochemistry findings supported the results. In addition, healthy gingiva contained higher fibroblast cells and lower inflammatory cells.
Profile of Insulin Resistance of Pregnant Women at Late Third Trimester in Nigeria
Authors: Chionuma JO , Akinola IJ , Dada AO , Ubuane PO , Kuku-Kuye TO , Olalere FD 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Exaggerated level of insulin resistance (IR) is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes. Identifying affected women may forestall these outcomes. There are few reports on IR and its predictors among pregnant women in Nigeria.

Aim:
To determine the profile of IR, using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and its predictors among parturient Nigerian women in third trimester.

Patients and Methods:
A cross-sectional baseline data of healthy pregnant women in third trimester, consecutively recruited into a cohort study that evaluated IR and neonatal outcomes at a tertiary maternity. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained. Fasting venous blood was analyzed for glucose and insulin and HOMA-IR was calculated.

Results:
We consecutively recruited 401 healthy pregnant women between 28 and 41 weeks [means ± SD = 37.4 ± 0.8 weeks]; mean age 31.52 ± 4.3 years (range: 20-41 years). Median (IQR) HOMA-IR was 1.15 (0.63, 1.96; range: 0.02–11.73). Binary multivariable logistic regression showed overweight- [aOR (95% CI) = 3.29 (1.18, 9.13)], hyperglycemia- [aOR (95% CI) = 2.98 (1.19, 6.90)], and hypertension as independent predictors of IR [aOR (95% CI) = 2.85 (1.18, 6.90)].

Conclusion:
Among nondiabetic Nigerian pregnant women in late third trimester, IR was independently associated with overweight, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Control of adiposity is a potential target for control of IR and consequently its outcomes.
Skeleto-Dental Features among a Sample of Saudi Female Children Compared to North American Standards
Authors: Alshayea EI , Almoammar K , Feteih RM , Masoud IM , Albarakati SF 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Objectives: This cross-sectional observational retrospective study aimed at assessing the cephalometric skeleto-dental features of class I, II, and III skeletal relationships of Saudi female school children samples and comparing the results to the established North American Caucasian cephalometric standards. Methods: The sample consisted of 205 retrospective lateral cephalometric radiographs of female school children. The age range of the subjects was between 10 and 13 years with a mean age of 11 ± 1 years. Several cephalometric and constructed points were identified. Angular, linear, and proportional measurements were obtained and analyzed. The skeleto-dental features of class II and class III were compared to class I of this sample then compared with the established North American Caucasian population. Different angular, linear, and proportional variables were investigated. Descriptive statistics and student t-test were used for data analysis. Results: The distribution of the skeletal relationship revealed that 68.3% of the sample showed class I relationship, 16.1% class II, and 15.6% class III. The result indicates significant differences between the different classes. A greater tendency towards class II facial pattern and more convex profile among Saudis were detected in the present study compared to Caucasians. Furthermore, The dentoalveolar relationship results showed more Bi-maxillary protrusion among Saudi females compared to the North American Caucasians. Conclusion: The results obtained can be of great value in distinguishing the various skeleto-dental features in the different skeletal classes among the Saudi females and in the clinical diagnosis and treatment planning. Furthermore, the results of the study can also serve as a base-line for future investigations in Saudi Arabia.
Diagnostic Value of MDCT in Determining the Perinephric Fat Tissue and Renal Sinus Invasion in Patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Damgacı L , Özer H , Rona G 
Published: August 2023

Aims:
To investigate the accuracy of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) findings, and the effect of tumor volume in determining the perinephric and renal sinus invasion in clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs).

Method:
Fifty patients with ccRCCs underwent non-contrast and nephrographic-phase contrast-enhanced MDCT examination before total nephrectomy. The following MDCT features were used to diagnose perinephric fat tissue invasion: perinephric stranding, perinephric vascularity, and irregular contour. The following MDCT features were used to diagnose renal sinus fat invasion: elongation of tumor into renal sinus, invasion, or compression of pelvicalyceal system. Histopathologic examinations were used as a gold standard.

Results:
Fourteen out of 50 ccRCCs patients (28%) had histopathological-proven perinephric fat tissue invasion. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of MDCT in the detection of perinephric fat tissue invasion were found 64%, 58%, 38%, 80%, and 60%, respectively. Seven out of 50 ccRCCs patient (14%) had histopathological-proven renal sinus invasion. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of MDCT in the detection of renal sinus invasion were found 85%, 65%, 28%, 96%, and 68%, respectively. The area under of curve (AUC) value of tumor volume in the detection of perinephric fat invasion was 0.631. The AUC value of tumor volume in the detection of renal sinus invasion was 0.803.

Conclusion:
MDCT has a good sensitivity for detection of renal sinus fat invasion, but low PPV and specificity in patients with ccRCC. Tumor volume, and invasion into the pelvicalyceal structures can aid in the diagnosis of renal sinus fat invasion preoperatively.