bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS‐CoV‐2 intrahost evolution in immunocompromised patients in comparison with immunocompetent populations after treatment
Authors: Ahmadi Akram Sadat , Zadheidar Sevrin , Sadeghi Kaveh , Nejati Ahmad , Salimi Vahid , Hajiabdolbaghi Mahboobeh , Mokhtari‐Azad Talat , Yavarian Jila 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany evidence suggests that long‐lasting infection can develop with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). This occurrence has been widely described in immunocompromised individuals. In these patients, ineffective clearance of virus infection provides an opportunity for developing immune escape mutants. This study aimed to characterize SARS‐CoV‐2 intrahost evolution in five immunocompromised in comparison with five immunocompetent COVID‐19 patients during treatment. We performed next‐generation sequencing (NGS) on collected two oropharyngeal samples from immunocompromised and immunocompetent COVID‐19 patients before and after treatment. In this study, we detected alpha and delta variants of SARS‐CoV‐2. The most common substitutions in structural proteins in patients with alpha variant were S‐ΔY143‐144, A570D, D614G and D1118H, and N‐R203K and G204R, and in delta variant S‐T19R, G142D, E156G, 157‐158del, L452R, T478K, D614G, D950N and N‐D63G, R203M and D377Y were dominant. The common variations in nonstructural and accessory proteins including nsp3‐A488S, P1228L, nsp6‐T77A, nsp12‐P323L, G671S, nsp13‐P77L, NS3‐S26L, and NS7a‐T120I were detected. Also some infrequent substitutions were seen in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. After treatment, nsp12‐V166A was emerged as a remdesivir resistance and S‐L452M in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency. S‐E484Q was detected in a patient with acute lymphoma leukemia. This study showed the possibility of the genetic diversity and development of some new mutations in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, surveillance of these patients to characterize any new variants is necessary.
Contextual factors influencing knowledge sharing and application in the care and support for people with intellectual disabilities during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Kersten Marion , Frielink Noud , Weggeman Mathieu , Embregts Petri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, support workers and health professionals caring for and supporting people with intellectual disabilities (ID) required new knowledge on, for example, treatment and infection prevention. ID care organizations had to quickly share up‐to‐date knowledge and encourage its application. This study explored the contextual factors influencing knowledge sharing and application in the care and support for people with ID, contrasted their relevance prior to and during the pandemic, and compared the relevance of these factors according to support workers and health professionals. In 2021, 160 Dutch professionals working with people with ID completed an online survey, with 69 being support workers and 91 being health professionals. For most of the participants, the contextual factors known to be relevant for knowledge sharing and application prior to the pandemic (e.g., the leadership of professionals, user‐friendliness of interventions) also helped them to process knowledge during the pandemic. These factors were rated equally or as being even more important (e.g., “Practice leadership of management” and “Office arrangements and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems”). Moreover, support workers and health professionals rated factors such as the available capacity of employees and office arrangements and ICT systems differently. The findings provide initial evidence that during a health crisis like the COVID‐19 pandemic, both the role and importance of contextual factors influencing knowledge sharing and application in the care and support for people with ID partially differ from prior to the pandemic.
Projection of landscape ecological risk and exploration of terrain effects in the Qilian Mountains, China
Authors: Liang Lushuang , Sun Yunfan , Guan Qingyu , Pan Ninghui , Du Qinqin , Mi Jimin , Shan Yuxin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of a reasonable landscape ecological risk (LER) assessment system is the key means to establish an eco‐safety early warning mechanism, promote ecological protection, and achieve sustainable management of regional ecosystems. Based on the Cellular Automaton‐Markov (CA‐Markov) model, we predicted the land use/cover changes (LUCC) in 2026 and 2034 in the typical arid and semiarid mountainous area of the Qilian Mountains. We constructed an LER model to analyze the spatial–temporal changes in LER, quantified the driving mechanism, and synthesized the constraining effect of terrain features. The results showed that the study area was dominated by ecologically stable areas in 1980–2000 and 2010–2018. Ecologically improved and deteriorated areas in the central and northwest expanded in 2000–2010 and 2018–2036, which was attributed to ecological restoration policies (returning farmland to forest and grassland, closing mountains to forest and grassland, etc.) and economic development (livestock and mineral development, etc.). Due to the frequent interference of human activities in flat and complex terrain areas, the degree of landscape fragmentation, separation, and vulnerability is enhanced, and the ecological conditions of bare land and snow cover are relatively fragile, resulting in high ecological risk. Therefore, we could focus on zoning management and rational land use planning. This study provides a new framework for controlling LER in the Qilian Mountains, and will provide a scientific reference for the formulation of risk mitigation strategies in other arid and semiarid mountains worldwide.
Hausdorff operators on compact abelian groups
Authors: Mirotin A. R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNecessary and sufficient conditions are given for the boundedness of Hausdorff operators on the generalized Hardy spaces , real Hardy space , , and for compact Abelian group G. Surprisingly, these conditions turned out to be the same for all groups and spaces under consideration. Applications to Dirichlet series are given. The case of the space of continuous functions on G and examples are also considered.
The endomorphism ring of the trivial module in a localized category
Authors: Carlson Jon F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSuppose that G is a finite group and k is a field of characteristic . Let be the thick tensor ideal of finitely generated modules, whose support variety is in a fixed subvariety V of the projectivized prime ideal spectrum . Let denote the Verdier localization of the stable module category at . We show that if V is a finite collection of closed points and if the p‐rank of every maximal elementary abelian p‐subgroups of G is at least 3, then the endomorphism ring of the trivial module in is a local ring, whose unique maximal ideal is infinitely generated and nilpotent. In addition, we show an example where the endomorphism ring in of a compact object is not finitely presented as a module over the endomorphism ring of the trivial module.
USP12 promotes nonsmall cell lung cancer progression through deubiquitinating and stabilizing RRM2
Authors: Chen Congcong , Xue Ning , Liu Kangshou , He Qiang , Wang Cong , Guo Yanguan , Tian Jiaxin , Liu Xinjian , Pan Yunlong , Chen Guo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRRM2 is the catalytic subunit of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), which catalyzes de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) and plays critical roles in cancer cell proliferation. RRM2 protein level is controlled by ubiquitination mediated protein degradation system; however, its deubiquitinase has not been identified yet. Here we showed that ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 12 (USP12) directly interacts with and deubiquitinates RRM2 in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Knockdown of USP12 causes DNA replication stress and retards tumor growth in vivo and in vitro. Meanwhile, USP12 protein levels were positively correlated to RRM2 protein levels in human NSCLC tissues. In addition, high expression of USP12 was associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. Therefore, our study reveals that USP12 is a RRM2 regulator and targeting USP12 could be considered as a potential therapeutical strategy for NSCLC treatment.
Increased Free Water in the Putamen in Idiopathic REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Authors: Zhang Dongling , Zhou Liche , Yao Junye , Shi Yuting , He Hongjian , Wei Hongjiang , Tong Qiqi , Liu Jun , Wu Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt has been suggested that the loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic axon terminals occurs before the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to use free‐water imaging to evaluate microstructural changes in the dorsoposterior putamen (DPP) of idiopathic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) patients, which is considered a prodromal stage of synucleinopathies.MethodsFree water values in the DPP, dorsoanterior putamen (DAP), and posterior SN were compared between the healthy controls (n = 48), iRBD (n = 43) and PD (n = 47) patients. In iRBD patients, the relationships between baseline and longitudinal free water values and clinical manifestations or dopamine transporter (DAT) striatal binding ratio (SBR) were analyzed.ResultsFree water values were significantly higher in the DPP and posterior substantia nigra (pSN), but not in the DAP, in the iRBD and PD groups than in controls. In iRBD patients, free water values in the DPP were progressively increased and correlated with the progression of clinical manifestations and the striatal DAT SBR. Baseline free water in the DPP was negatively correlated with striatal DAT SBR and hyposmia and positively correlated with motor deficits.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that free water values in the DPP are increased cross‐sectionally and longitudinally and associated with clinical manifestations and the function of the dopaminergic system in the prodromal stage of synucleinopathies. Our findings indicate that free‐water imaging of the DPP has the potential to be a valid marker of early diagnosis and progression of synucleinopathies. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Comments on “Identification of micro‐failure processes of HDPE‐henequen fiber composite material by using acoustic emission monitoring: Effect of fiber surface modification”
Authors: Rajaee Pouya , Ashenai Ghasemi Faramarz , Fasihi Mohammad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA few comments on the study “Identification of micro‐failure processes of HDPE‐henequen fiber composite material by using acoustic emission monitoring: Effect of fiber surface modification,” have been argued in this research article. These comments are mostly focused on the method exploited for fracture toughness assessment. The fracture toughness of all compounds was utilized via essential work of fracture (EWF), but several specimens did not consider the EWF prerequisites. These requirements are that the ligament shall be fully yielded previous to the onset of crack growth and the fracture takes place under plane‐stress circumstances. Consequently, the data that the writers acquired are questionable.
Hybrid enhancement of silica and aramid pulp on improving performance and reducing dynamic heat generation of natural rubber composites
Authors: Wang Xingyu , Luo Zhu , Liang Jiuming , Zhong Jincheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe composites with excellent mechanical, low rolling resistance, and low heat build‐up are the potential materials for preparing green tires. In this study, we prepared silica‐natural rubber latex (silica‐NRL) masterbatch, which improved the processing and dispersion properties of silica in the natural rubber, proved by the rheological properties of composites. Furthermore, the idea of partial replacement of silica with low content modified aramid pulp (AP) for preparing hybrid enhanced natural rubber with high mechanical properties and low heat build‐up was put forward and evaluated the feasibility of this strategy. We find that replacing 5 phr silica with 1 phr AP, the performances of the rubber composites were all superior to the composites with only filled 50 phr silica, and replacing 10 phr silica with 2 phr AP, the mechanical and fatigue property was improved remarkably and dynamic heat generation was reduced the most at same time. The strategy of preparing silica‐NRL masterbatch and partial replacement of silica with AP provides a novel reference for the preparation of low heat build‐up green tire.
Novel smart plugging material for high‐temperature gas well
Authors: Li Jia , Zhou Lang , Liu Shuang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA novel smart material is developed, which is synthesized by succinic anhydride, epoxy resin, and zinc acetylacetone hydrate. The smart material has excellent properties of self‐healing, shape memory, and degradation. The experimental results of performance characterization show that the material has good thermal stability. The glass transition temperature is adjustable between 100 and 120°C, and the storage modulus can reach 20 GPa. The maximum thermal expansion at 50°C is less than 15%, the thermal expansion equilibrium time at 120°C is less than 5 min, and the maximum thermal expansion is 131%. The stress relaxation time at 120°C is more than 2 h, which can slowly self‐heal on the basis of maintaining the mechanical strength. When the NaOH content is 1.5%, the degradation equilibrium can be reached in about 3 h, and the maximum degradation rate is 86%. The comprehensive performance evaluation shows that after hot rolling at 120°C/16 h, the material has no effect on the rheology and filtration properties. When plugging the fracture width of 5 × 4 mm, the pressure bearing capacity reaches 10 MPa. Its main mechanism is temperature‐sensitive expansion, and the stress relaxation effect heals and blocks the micro pore throat.
Extensive‐stage small cell lung cancer: Is prophylactic cranial irradiation necessary in the era of immunotherapy with MRI surveillance?
Authors: Yao Yuanhu , Yao Nan , Qin Zhaohui , Ma Ji , Lu Jiaying , Cui Li , Qu Wanxi , Yuan Shiwang , Tong Shaodong , Li Na , Li Hao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe role of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in treating extensive‐stage small‐cell lung cancer (ES‐SCLC) has been controversial. This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the efficacy of PCI for the treatment of ES‐SCLC under active brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) surveillance.MethodsPatients with ES‐SCLC with no brain metastases (BM) confirmed by MRI at the time of diagnosis who responded well to first‐line chemoimmunotherapy at three general hospitals were retrospectively included. Overall survival (OS), progression‐free survival (PFS), and cumulative incidence of BM were compared between patients who underwent PCI and those who did not.ResultsIn total, 66 consecutive patients treated between March 2019 and December 2021 were included in our dataset. Seventeen patients underwent PCI (PCI group) and 49 patients did not (non‐PCI group). In comparison with the non‐PCI group, PCI did not provide OS (median OS: 18.53 vs. 17.35 months, p = 0.28) or PFS (median PFS: 8.61 vs. 7.56 months, p = 0.41) benefits. When death was counted as a competing risk, the difference in the cumulative incidence rate of BM was not statistically significant (1‐year: 12.79% vs. 38.09%; p = 0.14).ConclusionCompared to active MRI surveillance, first‐line chemoimmunotherapy followed by PCI did not improve the prognosis of patients with ES‐SCLC. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the therapeutic effects of PCI following chemoimmunotherapy.
Pathological complete response in an advance stage IIIB non‐small cell lung cancer secondary to neoadjuvant osimertinib targeted therapy: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Soo Chun Ian , Ong Diana Bee‐Lan , Chin Ka Kiat , Sia Leng Cheng , Munusamy Vijayan , Ibrahim Nur Husna , Loh Thian Chee , Tan Jiunn Liang , Poh Mau Ern , Wong Chee Kuan , Pang Yong Kek , Liam Chong Kin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeoadjuvant chemotherapy is a therapeutic option for potentially resectable non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The role of neoadjuvant targeted therapy (NTT) remains less explored. This case highlights the use of neoadjuvant osimertinib in a case of advanced NSCLC. A 67‐year‐old woman had a left lower lobe lung mass measuring 5.0 × 5.1 × 7.0 cm with an enlarged subcarinal lymph node (LN) on her positron emission tomography scan. Following biopsy, a diagnosis of stage IIIB N2 (cT3N2M0) EGFR exon 19 deletion mutation‐positive lung adenocarcinoma was established. NTT using osimertinib 80 mg once daily was commenced. Subsequent re‐imaging at 3 months (ycT2bN2M0), 6 months (ycT1cN2M0) and 9 months showed tumour downstaging and resolution of the subcarinal LN (ycT1cN0M0). She underwent left lower lobectomy with systematic nodal dissection. All surgical specimens demonstrated no evidence of malignant cells (ypT0N0). Osimertinib could be the preferred NTT for potentially resectable NSCLC.
Integration fabrication of polyimide composite films for aerospace applications
Authors: Zhang Yifan , Dai Shengqi , Yin Zeyu , Yan Weiqing , Li Qian , Yuan Heng , Zhang Xu , Chen Lin , Luo Jun , Ouyang Xiao , Liao Bin , Hao Wei , Zhu Jia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPolyimides externally deployed in spacecraft or satellites extensively have various aerospace hazards, including atomic oxygen (AO) erosion, irradiation degradation, and electrostatic charge/discharge (ESC/ESD). To cope with these challenges, we fabricate a ZnO/CuNi‐polyimide composite film with augmented permanence. Using spectroscopy and microscopy techniques, we have shown that the combination of chelation and cross‐linking in the interfacial architecture leads to enhanced interfacial compatibility and mechanical robustness. Besides, due to the positive AO diffusion barrier ability of the wurtzite ZnO, our composite film shows remarkable AO resistance and a very small Ey value of 6.88 × 10−26 cm3/atom, which is merely 2.29% of that of pristine polyimide. Moreover, the well‐defined nanocrystalline state with minimal lattice swelling (0.3%–0.7%) of the Fe+‐irradiated ZnO/CuNi‐polyimide at a damaging dose of 353.4 dpa demonstrates its excellent irradiation resistance. Finally, the ZnO/CuNi‐polyimide also shows sufficient electrostatic dissipation capacity to cope with the ESC/ESD events. Our fabrication approach for composite films based on multi‐technology integration shows potential for aerospace applications and deployment.
Jay: A software framework for prototyping and evaluating offloading applications in hybrid edge clouds
Authors: Silva Joaquim , Marques Eduardo R. B. , Lopes Luís M. B. , Silva Fernando M. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present Jay, a software framework for offloading applications in hybrid edge clouds. Jay provides an API, services, and tools that enable mobile application developers to implement, instrument, and evaluate offloading applications using configurable cloud topologies, offloading strategies, and job types. We start by presenting Jay's job model and the concrete architecture of the framework. We then present the programming API with several examples of customization. Then, we turn to the description of the internal implementation of Jay instances and their components. Finally, we describe the Jay Workbench, a tool that allows the setup, execution, and reproduction of experiments with networks of hosts with different resource capabilities organized with specific topologies. The complete source code for the framework and workbench is provided in a GitHub repository.
Ownership effects on direction of multinationality: Evidence from Indian EMNEs
Authors: Mondal Arindam , Khatua Apalak 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn essential yet challenging decision that emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs) must make when setting up a subsidiary abroad is whether to do it in developed or emerging market economies. The extant literature has rarely probed what influences the location choice of EMNEs' outward investments. This paper aims to address this gap and hypothesizes that large shareholdings by promoters or foreign institutional investors negate agency problems (due to managerial risk aversion) and enhance the propensity to pursue risky but value‐accrediting upmarket strategies. Furthermore, this paper argues that these beneficial effects of large owners are significantly weaker for group‐affiliated firms compared to their standalone counterparts. We test our proposed hypotheses using a proprietary, longitudinal dataset during 2007–2013 for 213 Indian multinational firms and find support for our arguments.
Butyrate enhances erastin‐induced ferroptosis of lung cancer cells via modulating the ATF3/SLC7A11 pathway
Authors: Bi Rui , Hu Rui , Jiang Lianyong , Wen Bohan , Jiang Zhaolei , Liu Hongtao , Mei Ju 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFerroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death triggered by iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation and has been associated with various diseases, including cancer. Erastin, an inhibitor of system Xc‐, which plays a critical role in regulating ferroptosis, has been identified as an inducer of ferroptosis in cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the impact of butyrate, a short‐chain fatty acid produced by gut microbiota, on erastin‐induced ferroptosis in lung cancer cells. Our results demonstrated that butyrate significantly enhanced erastin‐induced ferroptosis in lung cancer cells, as evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation and reduced expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). Mechanistically, we found that butyrate modulated the pathway involving activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), leading to enhanced erastin‐induced ferroptosis. Furthermore, partial reversal of the effect of butyrate on ferroptosis was observed upon knockdown of ATF3 or SLC7A11. Collectively, our findings indicate that butyrate enhances erastin‐induced ferroptosis in lung cancer cells by modulating the ATF3/SLC7A11 pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
The stochastic relaxion
Authors: Chatrchyan Aleksandr , Servant Géraldine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We revisit the original proposal of cosmological relaxation of the electroweak scale by Graham, Kaplan and Rajendran in which the Higgs mass is scanned during inflation by an axion field, the relaxion. We investigate the regime where the relaxion is subject to large fluctuations during inflation. The stochastic dynamics of the relaxion is described by means of the Fokker-Planck formalism. We derive a new stopping condition for the relaxion taking into account transitions between the neighboring local minima of its potential. Relaxion fluctuations have important consequences even in the “classical-beats-quantum” regime. We determine that for a large Hubble parameter during inflation, the random walk prevents the relaxion from getting trapped at the first minimum. The relaxion stops much further away, where the potential is less shallow. Interestingly, this essentially jeopardises the “runaway relaxion” threat from finite-density effects, restoring most of the relaxion parameter space. We also explore the “quantum-beats-classical” regime, opening large new regions of parameter space. We investigate the consequences for both the QCD and the non-QCD relaxion. The misalignment of the relaxion due to fluctuations around its local minimum opens new phenomenological opportunities.