bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Blood-Testis Barrier (BTB) proteins in Sertoli-germ cell nanotube formation in EF-treated spermatogenesis
Authors: Ordueri Nazli Ece , Elgun Tugba , Ozgurses Mete Emir , Uzunkaya Bariscan , Tasdemir Medine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to analyze visual data analysis of nanotubes formation and actin expression between Sertoli germ cells, gene silencing with the use of FAK siRNA and EF application, confirmation with mRNA levels, cell viability test and immunofluorescent staining associated ezrin, Fascin 1, FAK and N-cadherin. Expressions of blood-testicular barrier (BTB) proteins were evaluated.Materials and Method:As the experimental group of the research; control group (CG), in which intercellular nanotubes and cargo proteins were followed under normal culture conditions; Sertoli and germ cells co-culture; co-culture of testosterone (T) group, Sertoli and germ cells in which intercellular nanotubes and cargo proteins are tracked; The group in which actin organization and intercellular nanotubes and cargo proteins are monitored, and the group in which the focal adhesion kinase is suppressed with siRNA (FAK RNAi) and the co-culture of Sertoli and germ cells, the electromagnetic field applied group (EF), in which intercellular nanotubes and cargo proteins are followed under normal culture conditions, were used.Results:In the control groups, nanotubes formations started at the 6th hour during the culture and increased at the 40th hour, while the number of nanotubes formation and disappearance was 52 in the Control group; 58 in the EF group; 44, 12 in the FAK RNAi group and 5 in the EF+ FAK RNAi group. It was shown that actin associated nanotubes formations were significantly decreased in FAK RNAi and EF+ FAK RNAi groups compared to control. Stable nanotubes formation rate but low disappearance rate was detected in the EF applied group. It was observed that there was a decrease in ezrin and Fascin 1 expressions in nanotubes formation regions, except for control and testosterone groups, and there was no significant difference in N-cadherin expression levels. It was determined that FAK, Ezrin and Fascin 1 cargo passage were significantly retained in the cytoplasm in the FAK RNAi groups.Conclusions:With the results we obtained; It has been shown that the FAK molecule has an important role in the germ cell development process in vitro. It has been shown that in Sertoli-germ cell co-culture in which FAK gene is silenced and FAK RNAi and EF applied together, vesicle contents cannot be released by endocytosis and these molecules affect nanotubes formation due to decreasing the ratios of FAK, ezrin and Fascin 1 proteins. Based on our results, a research pattern and culture model were proposed for the detection of intercellular signaling due to the passage of regulatory proteins and nanotubes formation.
Sediment texture influences extracellular enzyme activity and stoichiometry across vegetated and non-vegetated coastal ecosystems
Authors: Wei Mengjie , Lundquist Carolyn , Schwendenmann Luitgard 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The conversion of organic matter by extracellular enzymes can reveal important insights into carbon processing and nutrient cycling. The activity and stoichiometry of hydrolytic extracellular enzymes were investigated to assess the effects of sediment texture on microbially-mediated decomposition in coastal ecosystems. Enzyme activity was quantified across transects from vegetated (mangrove) to non-vegetated (tidal flat) habitats in two New Zealand coastal ecosystems that vary in sediment texture (sandy: Hobson Bay, muddy: Snells Beach). The activity of five key hydrolyzing enzymes involved in organic matter processing and nutrient cycling were determined: 1) β-glucosidase (hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose); 2) β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (catalyzes the terminal reaction in chitin degradation); 3) alkaline phosphatase (releases soluble inorganic phosphate groups from organophosphates); 4) β-D-cellobiohydrolase (hydrolyzes cellulose to generate cellobiose); and 5) β-xylosidase (catalyzes hemicellulose degradation). All enzymes had higher activity at the muddy site but enzyme activities in these coastal habitats were generally lower than has been reported for terrestrial, freshwater, and other estuarine ecosystems. Extracellular enzyme activities (EEA) did not differ between habitats at the sandy site, whereas EEA was lower in the non-vegetated habitats for some enzymes at the muddy site. Enzyme stoichiometric ratios showed that most habitats at both muddy and sandy sites were predominately C and P limited. These results can be used to advance our understanding of the biogeochemical processes underpinning the response of coastal ecosystems to land-derived nutrient and sediment inputs.
Spin Dynamics Modulated by Rashba States in Ferroelectric α-GeTe
Authors: Cheng Zhao-Hua , Yang Xu , Qiu Liang , Xue Hao-pu , Tang Jin , Du Haifeng , Sun Rui , Yang Qing-lin , Liu Jia-nan , Wei Yan-sheng , Zhang Xiang-Qun , He Wei , Hou Yusheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Ferroelectric Rashba semiconductor α-GeTe provides a promising arena in spintronics due to its large bulk and surface Rashba. Since most surface Rashba bands are located above Fermi level, the spin dynamics are mainly dominated by bulk states. Whether the surface states of α-GeTe can modulate the spin dynamics or not is an open question. Here, we report the manipulation of magnetic damping by the surface states of α-GeTe via ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and theory calculation. The surface states located near the Fermi level of α-GeTe is realized by doping Bi atoms and revealed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). Moreover, the magnitude of magnetic damping is related to the density of states near Fermi surfaces of Ge1 − xBixTe. Our work improves the understanding of the magnetic damping influenced by different part of Rashba bands and gives a platform for the research of α-GeTe in Rashba effect and the spintronics.
Sperm motility assessed by deep convolutional neural networks into WHO categories
Authors: Haugen Trine B. , Witczak Oliwia , Hicks Steven A. , Björndahl Lars , Andersen Jorunn M. , Riegler Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSemen analysis is central in infertility investigation. Manual assessment of sperm motility according to the WHO recommendations is the golden standard, and extensive training is a requirement for accurate and reproducible results. Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) are especially suitable for image classification. In this study, we evaluated the performance of DCNN models in predicting the proportion of sperm in the WHO motility categories. The models were evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation with 65 video recordings of wet semen preparations from individual men and corresponding manually assessed data obtained from an external quality assessment programme for semen analysis. The convolutional neural network used was ResNet-50. One model was trained to predict the three categories progressive motility, non-progressive motility, and immotile spermatozoa. Another model was used in predicting four categories, where progressive motility was differentiated into rapid and slow. The resulting average MAE was 0.05 and 0.07, and the average ZeroR baseline was 0.09 and 0.10 for the three-category and the four-category model, respectively. Manual and DCNN-predicted motility was compared by Pearson’s correlation coefficient and by difference plots. The strongest correlation between the mean manually assessed values and DCNN-predicted motility was observed for % progressively motile spermatozoa (Pearson’s r = 0.88, p < 0.001) and % immotile spermatozoa (r = 0.89, p < 0.001). For rapid progressive motility, the correlation was moderate (Pearson’s r = 0.673, p < 0.001). The median difference between manual and predicted progressive motility was 0 and 2 for immotile spermatozoa. The largest bias was observed at high and low percentages of progressive and immotile spermatozoa. The DCNN-predicted value was within the range of the interlaboratory variation of the results for most of the samples. In conclusion, DCNN models were able to predict the proportion of spermatozoa into the WHO motility categories with significantly lower error than the baseline. The best correlation between the manual and the DCNN-predicted motility values was found for the categories progressive and immotile. Of note, there was considerable variation between the mean motility values obtained for each category by the reference laboratories, especially for rapid progressive motility, which impacts the training of the DCNN models.
Heavy metal sensing and catalytic applications of environment friendly fabricated silver nanoparticles
Authors: Shyam Aswathi , S Smitha Chandran , George Bini , Akshara B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The present study reports the environment-friendly, energy-efficient, one-pot green synthetic method to synthesize AgNPs from Abrus precatorious fresh leaf extract. Phytochemical screening and chemical profiling tests for the leaf extract revealed the biomolecules that acts as reducing, stabilizing and capping agent. These AgNPs can be used as sensors for toxic heavy metals like Hg 2+, Ni 2+, Cu 2+, Bi 2+, K + and Cr 2+ .Catalytic ability was studied from the dye degradation and nitrophenol reduction. Methylene blue, methyl orange and methyl red dyes were found to degrade drastically with this AgNPs as catalyst. The reaction was carried out for 15minutes, with different concentrations (0.5ml and 2ml) of AgNPs which revealed that more amount of AgNPs catalyst triggered the reaction more easily. 68% of MB dye was degraded with 2ml catalyst and with 0.5ml catalyst 62% degradation efficiency was shown. 34% MO dye was degraded with 2ml catalyst and with 0.5ml catalyst, only 29% degradation was observed. The MR dye exhibited 49% and 42% degradation efficiency for 2ml and 0.5ml catalyst respectively. For reduction of 4-nitrophenol, the catalytic efficiency was calculated to be 66%.
Predictors of the health-related quality of life in patients with mild residual deficit after ischemic stroke
Authors: Gurková Elena , Šaňák Daniel , Štureková Lenka , Šaňáková Šárka , Zapletalová Jana , Franc David , Bartoníčková Daniela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

Ischemic stroke (IS) has long-term effects on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but tools mostly used for the measurement of HRQoL do not involve all relevant domains. Our aim was to identify the factors contributing to the stroke specific HRQoL in patients with mild deficit after IS.

Methods

Consecutive IS patients with mild deficit and without cognitive deficit were enrolled in the prospective cross-sectional study and the following groups of HRQoL variables were explored: (1) stroke-related factors; (2) functional status, or disability; (3) psychological factors; and (4) general health perceptions. Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) version 3.0, WHOQOL-BREF, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), Barthel Index (BI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used for the study assessments.

Results

One hundred fifty patients (58.0% men, mean age 57.6 ± 13.7 years) were enrolled at a mean follow-up of 3.8 ± 0.4 months after the onset of IS, 96.7% of them achieved good functional outcome (mRS 0–2) and 98.6% had NIHSS score 0–4. Residual stroke severity correlated significantly with activities of daily living (ADL), hand function, memory, communication, and participation/role function. General perception of health had significant associations with ADL, mobility, hand function, participation/role function, memory, and emotions; post stroke depression correlated significantly with memory, and participation/role function.

Conclusion

In IS patients with mild residual deficit, the stroke specific HRQoL within 6 months after stroke was influenced mostly by neurological impairment, functional limitations, perception of physical health, and depression.

Trial registration:

This study was conducted as a part of the prospective FRAILTY (Factors Affecting the Quality of Life After Ischemic Stroke in Young Adults) study registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04839887.
Toward Driverless AI: Automating Leukemia Detection and Classification using Hyperautomation, a Case Study
Authors: Al-Zoubi Hussein , Al-Bzoor Nisreen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper mainly explores how driverless AI can help researchers accurately classify leukemia diagnosis. Since Leukemia is among the most common commonly occurring types of cancer and thus early detection and classification can be of paramount significance. In this paper, we proposed a reliable method to automate the classification of leukemia in which we used the automated machine learning (henceforth, AutoML) library available in H2O.ai to select the best classification model capable of detection and classification depending on peripheral blood smear (PBS) images. The proposed framework used three datasets of bone marrow images to detect Leukemia and accordingly to classify blood cells. we compared some previous studies conducted in this field adopting traditional classification approaches with our proposed model of hyperautomation. We divide these data between training and testing using threefold cross-validation. The final AI model produced the most accurate diagnostics, and its effectiveness was evaluated using the accuracy, specificity, F-score, recall, precision, and Area Under the Curve (AUC) from the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, and it achieves an elegant performance for Leukemia classification with AUC of 1 and 1 in the testing and validation sets, accordingly. Results indicate that almost every model trained on H2O.ai driverless works relatively better than other models that work with traditional software with less time and effort.
Type 17 specific immune pathways are active in early spondyloarthritis
Authors: Hughes Catherine , Ryan Sarah , Steel Kathryn , Beukel Michelle van den , Trouw Leendert , Schie Karin van , Toes Rene , Menon Bina , Kirkham Bruce , Taams Leonie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Undifferentiated, early inflammatory arthritis (EIA) can differentiate into seropositive or seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA), peripheral spondyloarthritis (SpA) or other seronegative non-SpA inflammatory arthritides. Little is known about immune pathways active in the early stages of SpA and undifferentiated seronegative arthritis, in contrast to detailed knowledge of seropositive RA. We previously showed that synovial fluid (SF) IL-17A + CD8 + T cells (Tc17 cells) are enriched in patients with established SpA, but not RA. The aim of this study was to examine if specific immune pathways were active in synovial CD4 + and CD8 + T cells of patients with EIA.
Methods
SF samples from 30 patients with EIA were analysed, with final clinical diagnoses made at least 12 months after sample collection, by two independent clinicians blind to the study data. SF mononuclear cells were stimulated for 3 hours with PMA/ionomycin in the presence of GolgiStop, followed by staining for IL-17A, interferon-g and TNFa in CD8 + or CD4 + T cells.
Results
Flow cytometry analysis of all EIA samples indicated considerable variation in synovial Tc17 cell frequencies between patients. The group with a final diagnosis of SpA (PsA or peripheral SpA, n = 14) showed a significant enrichment in the percentage of synovial Tc17 cells compared with the group diagnosed with non-SpA seronegative inflammatory arthritides (n = 10). The small number of patients later diagnosed with seropositive RA (n = 6) patients had few Tc17 cells, similar to our previous findings in established disease. In contrast, a significant elevation in the percentage of CD8 + IFNg + T cells was seen in RA compared with seronegative SpA or non-SpA.
Conclusions
These results suggest that adaptive T cell cytokine pathways differ not only between RA and SpA but also non-SpA seronegative IA early in the disease process, with a particular activation of type 17 pathways in early SpA.
The orientation convection equation with variable exponents
Authors: Zhan Huashui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Note: Please see pdf for abstract with symbols.
Considering the orientation convection equation with variable exponents, a new kind of the weak solution is introduced. Basing on the definition, even if there is not boundary value condition, the stability of the solutions still might be approached. It is shown that the degeneracy of the diffusion coefficient ρα or the degeneracy of the convection coefficient b→ may take place of the usual homogeneous boundary value condition sometimes. If not, by the weak characteristic function method, we generalize the definition of the classical trace to a function space weaker than BV (Ω), a reasonable partial boundary value matching up with the equation is found.
2000 MR Subject Classification 35K55 35J25 35K65
Geo-referenced Inventorization and Mapping Drinking Quality Parameters of Groundwater in Ferozepur District of Punjab
Authors: Davinder Davinder Singh , Singh Dhanwinder-Singh Dhanwinder , Arora Mohit Arora Mohit , Singh Kuldip-Singh Kuldip 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A study was carried out to assess the groundwater quality of Ferozepur district for drinking purpose. Grid based, 604 groundwater samples were collected from November 2021 to April 2022 and GPS location of each was recorded. The water samples were analysed for pH, EC, TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, F−, NO3−, SO42−, HCO3−, As, B, Se, Cr, Ni, Pb, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn. The spatial variability maps for all these parameters were developed using ArcGIS software. Considering these parameters, groundwater quality was evaluated w.r.t drinking purpose. It was observed that parameters TDS, TH, Na+, K+, Mg2+, HCO3−, NO3−, SO42−, F−, B, As and Se were above their respective acceptable limits for drinking purpose. Among different blocks of Ferozepur district, Ghall Khurd was the most affected block with a considerable number of water samples not suitable for drinking purpose and Mamdot was the least affected one. However, the groundwater was not polluted with heavy metals as the heavy metal pollution index was < 25 for 99% of the groundwater samples.
Does the type of impacted third molar induce the formation of caries on the distal surface of the second molar? A different outcome and interpretation
Authors: Ucuncu Musa Kazim , Suradi Raghib 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Investigators have different ideas about whether or not the third molars should be extracted as a preventive measure. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship of impacted third molar with the frequency of caries on the distal surface of the second molar. In this prospectively designed study, oral and orthopantomographic examinations of 438 patients were performed. All of the second and third molars on the mandible are classificated by the eruption levels and angulation degrees. The presence of caries on the distal surface of the second molars was determined with the help of ICDAS-II criteria. Pearson Chi-Square and McNemar test was used to compare categorical variables and both segments. The participants in the study ranged in age from 18 to 62, with a mean age of 28.33 ± 9.2 years. While a total of 1752 teeth were examined and both segments were evaluated for angulation type and level of eruption. The most frequent angulation type was vertical, and the most frequent eruption level was A. Mesioangulatiın was the most common type of angulation associated with caries in adjacent teeth.There was a statistically significant variation in the prevalence of caries between the two segments (p < 0.001; χ2 = 0.241). More caries was seen in adjacent teeth with vertical on the right segment and mesioangulation on the left. Prophylactic extraction of third molars should be considered comprehensively. The fact that different types of angulation increase caries susceptibility in both segments highlights the need to evaluate all caries development factors concurrently.
A multi-objective Algorithm based on Structural Information to Identify Influential Users in Social Networks
Authors: Abdollahpouri Alireza , Salavati Chiman 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Social influence includes the change in behavior or action of individuals in a particular way to meet the demands of a social environment. Research on social influences indicates that accepting or rejecting a new idea by a person depends on the acceptance or rejection of his friends. Therefore, many companies are focused on “word-of-mouth” marketing to take advantage of network effects in advertisement. In such kind of advertisement, a small set of influential users in a social network are selected, such that the highest expansion in the network can be reached with the lowest cost. The set of influential users must be chosen in such a way that they do not activate similar users. In this paper, an optimization model is presented to identify the most valuable users who have little similarity to each other. This model considers two objectives of maximizing profit and minimizing user similarity, simultaneously. Evaluation on real datasets confirms that the proposed method selects a more appropriate set of target users to achieve greater profitability and higher influence power than other methods.
Follow-up Results of Permanent Epicardial Pacing in Children: A 15-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Chen Hong , Liang Dongpo , Liu ShenRong , Zeng Shaoying , Sun Ling , Wang Shushui , Zhang Zhiwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Permanent epicardial pacing is an effective treatment for pediatric patients especially for those with low body weight, small body size or complex cardiac structures. This study aimed to investigate the follow-up results and identify the associated risk factors of epicardial pacing in children.
Method
Pediatric patients who successfully received permanent epicardial pacing treatment at Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from March 2005 to March 2021 were included in this study. The surgical data, echocardiographic examination parameters, incidence of reoperation, and long-term complications of these patients were recorded.
Result
A total of 139 patients were enrolled in this study. The median follow-up period was 50 months. Compared to a baseline measurement, there was a significant decrease in the postoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameters. For patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening significantly improved after implantation. Thirty-one patients (22.3%) had complications in the follow-up period, and the most common was lead failure (14.4%). The reoperation incidence was 33.8%. Right ventricle pacing is a risk factor associated with reoperation. The five-years survival time of leads and batteries were 84.5% and 83.4%, respectively. Right ventricle pacing was the only risk factor which significantly reduced the lifespan of lead and battery.
Conclusion
Permanent epicardial pacing therapy is an effective treatment in children in spite of postoperative complications. RV pacing is a significant risk factor for reoperation, and it increases the occurrence of complications and reduces the survival time of the lead and battery.