bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Participatory Modelling for NBS Co-design and Implementation
Authors: Giordano Raffaele , Pagano Alessandro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis chapter summarizes the lessons learned in NAIAD concerning the role of risk perception and stakeholders’ engagement in NBS co-design and implementation. Specifically, this work describes the efforts done for overcoming two barriers hampering NBS implementation, i.e. lack of stakeholders’ engagement and lack of collaboration among different decision-makers. To this aim, scientific and stakeholders’ knowledge were integrated through participatory modelling exercises concerning risk assessment and NBS effectiveness assessment, described in this work. The impacts on stakeholders’ risk perception and NBS acceptance due to the participatory modelling process are also assessed and discussed. The chapter provides technical information on the methods and tools mainly for a scientific audience and for practitioners (particularly Sects. 5.1 and 5.2), although general principles and conclusions are suitable for a wider audience, including public authorities and decision-/policy-makers (Sect. 5.3). The work is structured around three main topics that arose during NAIAD implementation, namely: (i) the complexity of the cause-effects chains affecting NBS effectiveness and the role of socio-institutional measures; (ii) the need to account for the existence of potential trade-offs among different stakeholders in benefiting from NBS implementation and co-benefits production; (iii) the role of communication and information exchange in facilitating NBS co-design and implementation
Economic Assessment of Nature-Based Solutions for Water-Related Risks
Authors: Le Coent Philippe , Hérivaux Cécile , Calatrava Javier , Marchal Roxane , Moncoulon David , Benítez Ávila Camilo , Altamirano Mónica , Gnonlonfin Amandine , Douai Ali , Piton Guillaume , Dartée Kieran , Biffin Thomas , Arfaoui Nabila , Graveline Nina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEvidence are dearly needed to understand under which conditions it is relevant for decisions makers to invest in NBS for water-related risk. This chapter presents the methodological framework developed for the economic assessment of NBS for water-related risks and its application to seven case studies. We particularly develop methods for the evaluation of implementation and opportunity costs, the assessment of the reduction of damage costs, and the monetary value of co-benefits. The study confirms that the cost of implementation and maintenance of NBS strategies is lower than the cost of grey solutions for the same level of water risk management, emphasizing the better cost-effectiveness of these solutions. Benefits in terms of avoided damages are however generally not sufficient to cover investment and maintenance costs. Co-benefits represent the largest share of the value generated by NBS strategies. The overall cost-benefit analysis implemented in four cases, is positive in three case studies and negative in one. This confirms the importance to carry out thorough economic assessments for the elaboration of Natural Assurance Schemes.
Kultur im multilateralen Umfeld und der Begriff der Wissensgesellschaft
Authors: Metze-Mangold Verena 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungKultur nimmt in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts in Wissenschaft und Politik als Antwort auf die zweite Phase der Globalisierung, die sogenannte reflexive Moderne, eine herausragende Bedeutung ein. Der Beitrag diskutiert die in den letzten 50 Jahren eingetretenen Veränderungen der Internationalen Ordnung und ihre neuen Instrumente universeller Kulturpolitik anhand des soziologischen Systembegriffs von Talcott Parsons. Untersucht wird das jeweilige Verständnis von Multilateralismus und Universalismus von zwei der wichtigsten Beitragszahler der Vereinten Nationen: Deutschland und China. Und dargelegt wird das von der UNESCO entwickelte Modell einer humanen Zukunftsgesellschaft, das aus den Turbulenzen der krisengeschüttelten globalen Risikogesellschaft führen könnte: Das Konzept der nachhaltiger Wissensgesellschaften für das 21. Jahrhundert.
China und Deutschland: Kulturaustausch zwischen Annäherungs- und Abstoßungstendenz
Authors: Senz Anja 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungSeit mehreren Jahrzehnten pflegen China und Deutschland einen engen Austausch und bilaterale Beziehungen auf zahlreichen Ebenen. Die Zusammenarbeit im Bereich Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Kultur ist kontinuierlich gewachsen. Gleichwohl sind die Beziehungen auch von unterschiedlichen politischen und wirtschaftlichen Interessen gekennzeichnet. In der deutschen Gesellschaft bestehen Vorbehalte gegen China, in der chinesischen Gesellschaft scheinen Irritationen über Deutschland zu existieren. Der nachfolgende Beitrag reflektiert die deutsch-chinesischen Kulturbeziehungen und fragt nach Tendenzen der Annäherung, nach gegenteiligen Effekten und deren Hintergründen. Es wird die These vertreten, dass die bilateralen Beziehungen durch Asymmetrien in der Konstellation von Staat und Gesellschaft gekennzeichnet sind, die zu Lücken in der Kommunikation und im Austausch führen und gegenseitige Missverständnisse befördern. Im Kern wird damit ein strukturelles Element zur Erklärung von Problemen in den deutsch-chinesischen Beziehungen herangezogen, nicht grundsätzliche und schwer überbrückbare kulturelle Unterschiede.
Gedanken zu einer neuen Debattenkultur zwischen Deutschland, Europa und China
Authors: Radtke Oliver 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungVor dem Hintergrund großer geopolitischer Dynamiken, einer hartnäckigen Pandemie und massiver Klimawandelfolgen sind vertrauensvolle und effiziente deutsch-chinesische Kulturbeziehungen wichtiger, aber auch gefährdeter denn je. Im Beitrag wird die staatliche Kulturpolitik beider Länder analysiert und für einen erweiterten Kulturbegriff argumentiert. Darüber hinaus werden neue Themenfelder empfohlen, in denen sich nicht nur Engagement lohnt, sondern auch eine neue Debattenkultur erlernen lässt.
Eine Studie zur Interaktion zwischen deutschen Internet-Berühmtheiten und jungen Chinesen auf Bilibili
Authors: Zuo Can , Xu Zhaoying , Li Simin 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit ausgewählten deutschen Vloggern auf der chinesischen Video-Plattform Bilibili sowie ihren Interaktionen mit jungen chinesischen Nutzern. Es wird festgestellt, dass in der Interaktion Wert auf gegenseitigen Respekt, interkulturelle Identitätsbildung und das Aufbrechen von Stereotypen gelegt wird. Politischen oder ideologischen Unterschieden wird hingegen keine große Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt. Derartige Interaktionen, die sich durch Merkmale einer flachen Struktur und dezentraler Inhalte auszeichnen, unterstreichen den zeitgenössischen Trend zur „Medialisierung“ in der interkulturellen Kommunikation.
China in der Welt aus deutscher Perspektive
Authors: Kuhn Berthold M. 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Aufsatz bietet eine differenzierte Betrachtung des Chinabildes der Deutschen und ihrer Wahrnehmung der chinesischen Kultur angesichts der Entwicklungen in der Gegenwart und der Rolle Chinas in der modernen Welt. Analysiert wird Chinas Rolle als wirtschaftlicher und politischer Akteur, um Möglichkeiten und Grenzen in den deutsch-chinesischen Beziehungen zu verdeutlichen.
Von Propaganda und Kommunikation zum gesellschaftlich-kulturellen Austausch
Authors: Yu Zhouming 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Artikel untersucht die auswärtige Kultur- und Bildungspolitik (AKBP) Chinas und setzt sich mit den Zielen, Richtlinien, Schwerpunkten, Inhalten und Akteuren in den unterschiedlichen Phasen nach der Gründung der Volksrepublik China 1949 auseinander. Aufgezeigt werden der gegenwärtige Stand sowie die Defizite und Herausforderungen der AKBP sowie die Möglichkeiten künftiger Entwicklungen.
Cold Seepage in the Southern South China Sea
Authors: Li Niu , Feng Junxi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExtensive submarine cold seep areas, i.e., the Beikang Basin and the Nansha Trough, were discovered on the southern continental slope of the South China Sea. Bottom-simulating reflections are widespread in these areas and show a close relationship to the cold seep system. High-resolution 2-D seismic data and multibeam bathymetry data have confirmed the existence of deep-routed conduits−mud volcanoes, diapirs, and gas chimneys. The geochemical characteristics of seep carbonates and headspace gas indicate that the fluid was mainly sourced from biogenic gas, with contributions from deep-rooted thermogenic gases. Additionally, negative pore water chloride anomalies and positive δ18O values (3.7‰ < δ18O < 5.0‰) of the seep carbonates provided indicators of hydrate water addition during carbonate precipitation. The negative δ13C excursion of planktonic foraminifera from the Nansha Trough indicated two methane release events, which occurred approximately 29–32 ka and 38–42 ka before present, and the driving mechanism for methane seepage in this area is possibly related to overpressure from the large sediment accumulation that occurred during sea level lowstands.
Gas Seepage Detection and Gas Migration Mechanisms
Authors: Zhang Kun , Song Haibin , Chen Jiangxin , Geng Minghui , Liu Boran 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGas seepages are often observed at the seafloor and can form cold seep systems, which are important for climate change, geohazards, and biogeochemical cycles. Many kinds of methods have been used to detect gas seepages, e.g., video imaging, active acoustic, passive acoustic, and direct gas sampling. In this chapter, we introduce the characteristics of these methods and show their applications in the South China Sea (SCS). Particle image velocimetry (PIV) technology is used here to quantitatively detect gas seepage in the northwestern SCS and visualize the seepage flow field. The gas migration mechanisms are also discussed. With the development of technologies, long-term, three-dimensional, and comprehensive observations is permitted to quantitatively characterize gas seepages, which can help us understand the formation and mechanism of gas seepages further in the future. Physical and numerical simulations of gas migration and geohazard processes would also be helpful in the future for understanding the fate of gas seepages.
Observable r, gravitino dark matter, and non-thermal leptogenesis in no-scale supergravity
Authors: Ahmed Waqas , Moosa Muhammad , Munir Shoaib , Zubair Umer 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We analyse the shifted hybrid inflation in a no-scale supersymmetric SU(5) GUT model which naturally circumvents the monopole problem. The no-scale framework is derivable as the effective field theory of the supersymmetric (SUSY) compactifications of string theory, and yields a flat potential with no anti-de Sitter vacua, resolving the η problem. The model predicts a scalar spectral tilt ns compatible with the most recent measurements by the Planck satellite, while also accommodating large values of the tensor-to-scalar ratio r (~ 0.0015), potentially measurable by the near-future experiments. Moreover, the proton decay lifetime in the presence of the dimension-5 operators is found to lie above the current limit imposed by the Super-Kamiokande experiment. A realistic scenario of reheating and non-thermal leptogenesis is employed, wherein the reheating temperature Tr lies in the (2 × 106 ≲ Tr ≲ 2 × 109) GeV range, and at the same time realizing gravitino as a viable dark matter (DM) candidate.
On the Mass Dependence of the Modular Operator for a Double Cone
Authors: Bostelmann Henning , Cadamuro Daniela , Minz Christoph 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe present a numerical approximation scheme for the Tomita–Takesaki modular operator of local subalgebras in linear quantum fields, working at one-particle level. This is applied to the local subspaces for double cones in the vacuum sector of a massive scalar free field in $$(1+1)$$

(
1
+
1
)

- and $$(3+1)$$

(
3
+
1
)

-dimensional Minkowski spacetime, using a discretization of time-0 data in position space. In the case of a wedge region, one component of the modular generator is well known to be a mass-independent multiplication operator; our results strongly suggest that for the double cone, the corresponding component is still at least close to a multiplication operator, but that it is dependent on mass and angular momentum.
Anwendungsbereiche von künstlicher Intelligenz im Kontext von One Health mit Fokus auf antimikrobielle Resistenzen
Authors: Irrgang Christopher , Eckmanns Tim , v. Kleist Max , Antão Esther-Maria , Ladewig Katharina , Wieler Lothar H. , Körber Nils 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Gesundheit der Menschen steht vor einer Reihe neuer Herausforderungen, die maßgeblich durch den fortschreitenden Klimawandel, den demografischen Wandel und die Globalisierung angetrieben werden. Der One-Health-Ansatz basiert auf dem Verständnis, dass die Gesundheit von Menschen, Tieren und Umwelt eng verknüpft ist. Bei der Umsetzung von One Health in die Praxis ergibt sich die Notwendigkeit, in der Forschung diverse und heterogene Datenströme und -typen aus den verschiedenen Sektoren zu kombinieren und zu analysieren. Verfahren der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) bieten dabei neue Möglichkeiten zur sektorübergreifenden Beurteilung von heutigen und zukünftigen Gesundheitsgefahren.Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über verschiedene Anwendungsbereiche von KI-Verfahren im Zusammenhang mit One Health und zeigt Herausforderungen auf. Am Beispiel der Ausbreitung antimikrobieller Resistenzen (AMR), die eine zunehmende globale Gefahr im One-Health-Kontext darstellt, werden bestehende und zukünftige KI-basierte Lösungsansätze zur Eindämmung und Prävention beschrieben. Diese reichen von neuartiger Arzneientwicklung und personalisierter Therapie über gezieltes Monitoring der Antibiotikanutzung in Tierhaltung und Landwirtschaft bis hin zu einer umfassenden Umwelt-Surveillance für zukünftige AMR-Risikobewertungen.
Exploiting the generative design potential to select the best conceptual design of an aerospace component to be produced by additive manufacturing
Authors: Pilagatti Adriano Nicola , Atzeni Eleonora , Salmi Alessandro 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Since the advent of Industry 4.0, the manufacturing sector has had to face new challenges, which require the development of new skills and innovative tools. This scenario includes innovative production processes such as additive manufacturing (AM), a technology capable of producing a component layer-by-layer directly from the 3D model without needing specific tools during the building phase. Generative design (GD) may represent an opportunity to maximise the potential of AM techniques. GD is based on parametric computer-aided design (CAD) tools capable of generating multiple optimised outputs, among which the designer could select the most promising solution. This paper presents a general methodology for evaluating the GD outputs in the conceptual phase of design to select the best possible solution through a series of criteria at several levels. The evaluation method is deployed in an aerospace field case study. The procedure demonstrates the benefits of synergising GD with AM in the early stages of product development. This indicates that the developed methodology could reduce the number of iterations during the design process, and the result is a decrease in the overall time spent on the project, avoiding problems during the final stages of the design.
Study of the finish turning process based on the Parameter Space Investigation method
Authors: Leksycki Kamil , Feldshtein Eugene 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper describes a future-proof Design of Experiment (DoE) method, namely the Parameter Space Investigation (PSI) method. This method reduces the number of test points compared to other DoE approaches, such as single factor design, full factorial design, fractional factorial design, and central composite design, and the number of test points is sufficient for statistical analysis. It allows an efficient analysis of process phenomena, among others, some cutting effects and surface texture forming. It has been shown that in the space of cutting parameters studied, changes in the chip thickness ratio Kh have extreme points, which can be caused by vibration or the build-up-edge formation, and different types of chip shapes are observed. Changes in Kh correlate with chip shapes. In the ranges of depth of cut ap = 0.2 − 1.2 mm and feeds f = 0.05 − 0.4 mm/rev, depending on cooling conditions, the changes in cutting force reach up to 80%. For cutting speeds vc = 50 − 200 m/min and feed rates f = 0.03 − 0.17 mm/rev, the relationships Ra = f(vc,f) are complicated, and the PSI method ensures finding minimum Ra values and areas of physicochemical phenomena. Optimizing the turning conditions over a wide range, at the first stage, the minimum Sa values were obtained in the area of vc = 150 − 300 m/min and f = 0.05 − 0.22 mm/rev, and at the second stage in the areas of vc > 240 m/min and f = 0.03 − 0.07 mm/rev and vc = 100 − 120 m/min and f = 0.01 − 0.13 mm/rev. In addition, the shaping of the machined surface was affected by vc, f, and their interaction. Compared to the first optimization stage, the second stage provided Sa values almost 2 times smaller. It has been proven that the PSI method is effective and can be widely used in various areas of multivariate experimental research and optimization of cutting processes.
Fourteen years of cube attacks
Authors: Cianfriglia Marco , Onofri Elia , Onofri Silvia , Pedicini Marco 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Algebraic Cryptanalysis is a widely used technique that tackles the problem of breaking ciphers mainly relying on the ability to express a cryptosystem as a solvable polynomial system. Each output bit/word can be expressed as a polynomial equation in the cipher’s inputs—namely the key and the plaintext or the initialisation vector bits/words. A part of research in this area consists in finding suitable algebraic structures where polynomial systems can be effectively solved, e.g., by computing Gröbner bases. In 2009, Dinur and Shamir proposed the cube attack, a chosen plaintext algebraic cryptanalysis technique for the offline acquisition of an equivalent system by means of monomial reduction; interpolation on cubes in the space of variables enables retrieving a linear polynomial system, hence making it exploitable in the online phase to recover the secret key. Since its introduction, this attack has received both many criticisms and endorsements from the crypto community; this work aims at providing, under a unified notation, a complete state-of-the-art review of recent developments by categorising contributions in five classes. We conclude the work with an in-depth description of the kite attack framework, a cipher-independent tool that implements cube attacks on GPUs. Mickey2.0 is adopted as a showcase.
Cerebellar mutism syndrome of non-tumour surgical aetiology—a case report and literature review
Authors: Laustsen Aske Foldbjerg , Børresen Malene Landbo , Hauerberg John , Juhler Marianne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS) is a well-known complication of posterior fossa (PF) tumour surgery. CMS has previously been reported in cases of non-tumour surgical aetiology in a limited number of publications. We report a case of a 10-year-old girl who suffered a cerebellar haemorrhage and subsequent CMS following surgical treatment of a ruptured arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in the cerebellar vermis. The AVM was removed acutely through a transvermian access, and hydrocephalus was treated with temporary external drainage. In the postoperative period, she suffered diffuse vasospasms of the anterior cerebral circulation and had a permanent shunt placed for hydrocephalus. Her mutism resolved after 45 days but severe ataxia persisted. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of CMS related to a vermian haemorrhagic stroke with postoperative diffuse vasospasms. Based on this case, we present a literature review on CMS of non-tumour surgical origin in children.
Clinical and radiological outcomes of a modified anatomic posterolateral corner reconstruction technique using a single semitendinosus autograft
Authors: Helal Ahmed , Marei Abdelhakim E. , Shafik Ahmed , Elforse Elsayed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to assess the clinical and radiological outcomes of a modified anatomical posterolateral corner (PLC) reconstruction technique using a single autograft.

Methods
This prospective case series included 19 patients with a posterolateral corner injury. The posterolateral corner was reconstructed using a modified anatomical technique that utilized adjustable suspensory fixation on the tibial side. Patients were evaluated subjectively using the international knee documentation form (IKDC), Lysholm, and Tegner activity scales and objectively by measuring the tibial external rotation angle, knee hyperextension, and lateral joint line opening on stress varus radiographs before and after surgery. The patients were followed-up for a minimum of 2 years.

Results
Both IKDC and Lysholm knee scores significantly improved from 49 and 53 preoperatively to 77 and 81 postoperatively, respectively. The tibial external rotation angle and knee hyperextension showed significant reduction to normal values at the final follow-up. However, the lateral joint line opening measured on the varus stress radiograph remained larger than the contralateral normal knee.

Conclusion
Posterolateral corner reconstruction with a hamstring autograft using a modified anatomical reconstruction technique significantly improved both the subjective patient scores and objective knee stability. However, the varus stability was not completely restored compared with the uninjured knee.

Level of evidence
Prospective case series (Level of evidence IV).
Gadolinium contrast agents: dermal deposits and potential effects on epidermal small nerve fibers
Authors: Krämer Heidrun H. , Bücker Patrick , Jeibmann Astrid , Richter Henning , Rosenbohm Angela , Jeske Johanna , Baka Panoraia , Geber Christian , Wassenberg Matthias , Fangerau Tanja , Karst Uwe , Schänzer Anne , van Thriel Christoph 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSmall fiber neuropathy (SFN) affects unmyelinated and thinly myelinated nerve fibers causing neuropathic pain with distal distribution and autonomic symptoms. In idiopathic SFN (iSFN), 30% of the cases, the underlying aetiology remains unknown. Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCA) are widely used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, side-effects including musculoskeletal disorders and burning skin sensations were reported. We investigated if dermal Gd deposits are more prevalent in iSFN patients exposed to GBCAs, and if dermal nerve fiber density and clinical parameters are likewise affected. 28 patients (19 females) with confirmed or no GBCA exposure were recruited in three German neuromuscular centers. ISFN was confirmed by clinical, neurophysiological, laboratory and genetic investigations. Six volunteers (two females) served as controls. Distal leg skin biopsies were obtained according to European recommendations. In these samples Gd was quantified by elemental bioimaging and intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENF) density via immunofluorescence analysis. Pain phenotyping was performed in all patients, quantitative sensory testing (QST) only in a subset (15 patients; 54%). All patients reported neuropathic pain, described as burning (n = 17), jabbing (n = 16) and hot (n = 11) and five QST scores were significantly altered. Compared to an equal distribution significantly more patients reported GBCA exposures (82%), while 18% confirmed no exposures. Compared to unexposed patients/controls significantly increased Gd deposits and lowerz-scores of the IENF density were confirmed in exposed patients. QST scores and pain characteristics were not affected. This study suggests that GBCA exposure might alter IENF density in iSFN patients. Our results pave the road for further studies investigating the possible role of GBCA in small fiber damage, but more investigations and larger samples are needed to draw firm conclusions.