bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) as a monitor of peri-operative nociception-antinociception balance in paediatric craniotomies- A prospective observational study
Authors: Sharma Prachi , Shwethashri Kondavagilu Ramaprasannakumar , Chakrabarti Dhritiman , Sadashiva Nishanth , Shah Keyur , Gopalakrishna Kadarapura Nanjundaiah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction:
Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) as a monitor of peri-operative nociception-antinociception balance has not been studied in paediatric neurosurgery. The objectives were to study the correlation between ANI (Mdoloris Education system) and revised-FLACC (r-FLACC) score for the prediction of acute postoperative pain in paediatric population undergoing elective craniotomies and to compare the changes in ANI values with Heart Rate (HR), Mean arterial pressure (MAP), and Surgical Plethysmographic Index (SPI) during various time points of intraoperative noxious stimulation and before and after opioid administration.
Methods:
This prospective observational pilot study included 14 patients between 2-12 years of age undergoing elective craniotomies. HR, MAP, SPI, ANI instantaneous (ANIi) and ANI mean (ANIm) values were recorded intra-operatively, and before and after opioid administration. Post-operatively HR, MAP, ANIi and ANIm, and pain scores (r-FLACC scale) were recorded.
Results:
There was a statistically significant negative correlation between ANIi and ANIm with r-FLACC during the time course of PACU stay (r= -0.89, P < 0.001 and r= -0.88 and P< 0.001 respectively)). Intra-operatively, in patients with ANIi values <50, with additional fentanyl administration, there was an increasing trend in values beyond 50, which was statistically significant (p<0.05) at 3,4,5 and 10 minutes. The trend in changes of SPI after opioid administration was not found to be significant for patients irrespective of the baseline SPI values.
Conclusion:
The ANI is a reliable tool for objective assessment of acute post-operative pain as assessed by r-FLACC in children undergoing craniotomies for intracranial lesions. It may be used as a guide to nociception-antinociception balance during the peri-operative period in this population.
Statistical modeling of the environmental sustainability of iron mining with a special attitude to Iran
Authors: Barati Mehrdad , Shirdarreh Hoda 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Galali iron deposit is located in the Kurdistan province in western Iran, 2 km north far of the Galali village and is the largest skarn mine in this province. From a geological point of view, this mine is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone. Several iron mines with different country rocks, shapes, dimensions and mineralogy are located in this zone. Open pit method is used for extraction in this mine and it is one of the largest iron mines in the western Iran. This article describes application of the Philips 2013 sustainability statistical model to Assess Environmental Impacts (EIA) as well as to determine the potential level and nature of sustainability in this mine. For this purpose, by field studies, receiving opinions of experts and using the statistical model of the Philips 2013, environmental components and nature of environmental sustainability in relation to extraction in this mine were determined. Results of studies identified, components of soil, landscape of the region, and audio tranquility, have the most damage to mining activity.In addition, with calculations, environmental parameters were more effective than human parameters, and as a result in terms of stability level, mine is stable, with a very poor class. Based on level of damage, necessary arrangements should be improved and implemented.
Spatiotemporal characteristics and trend analysis of rainfall and temperature in Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Ware Markos Budusa , Matewos Tafesse , Guye Mekuria , Legesse Abiyot , Mohammed Yimer 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate spatiotemporal variability, trends, and anomaly in rainfall and temperature in the Sidama region, Ethiopia. The TerraClimate gridded dataset on a monthly time scale for 30 years (1991–2020) with a horizontal resolution of approximately 4 km was used for the study. Trends in annual and seasonal rainfall and temperature were assessed using a nonparametric test (Mann-Kendal test) and Sen’s slope, to test the statistical significance and magnitude of trends (increase/decrease), respectively. Our findings revealed that annual rainfall, summer (Hawado), and spring (Badhessa) rainfall have shown an increasing trend in most parts of the region, except for its northwest parts. We found a low annual rainfall variability (CV < 13%) over the southeastern and northwestern parts of the region. Rainfall variability revealed the difference in both time and space across the region. Six drought years (1999, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2012, and 2019) with different magnitudes were identified across the region. Annual average maximum (up to 0.4°C decade–1) and minimum (up to 0.25°C decade–1) temperatures revealed significantly increasing trends across the region. The standardized anomaly in the mean annual temperature indicated that the years in the recent decade (2011–2020) are getting warmer compared to the past two decades (1991–2010) due to climate change and other local and regional factors that cause weather extremes in the region. The results of this study for rainfall contradict the other studies in the rift valley part of the region. Therefore, we suggest the design and implementation of locally driven climate change adaptation strategies so that there is high rainfall and temperature variability across the region and between seasons.
Clinical Implications, Risk Factors And Predictors with Mixed Candida/bacterial Bloodstream Infection (BSI), Especially in Cadiovascular Patients
Authors: Qin Yurong , Zhu Dandan , Sheng Mengqiu , Wu Sifan , Li Yafang , Li Dan , He Jiaxiang , Hu Fei , Hou Tieying , Zhang Yu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background. To identify the clinical implications, risk factors and predictors with mixed candida/bacterial bloodstream infection (BSI) of cadiovascular patients in Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (a third-class hospital with a strong focus on cardiovascular disease). We conducted a retrospective case-control study of patients complicated with candidaemia over the past 10-year period to identify the risk factors and clinical implications of mixed candidia/bacterial BSIs vs. monobacterial candidiasis.
Method. We searched all discharged patients' diagnoses for icd codes related to candida bloodstream infection. We have made two sets of comparisons:1. Two groups of patients were compared: all cadiovascular patients with mixed candida/bacterial BSI (cases1 n=86), and all no cadiovascular patients with mixed candida/bacterial BSI (control 2 n=45); 2. Two groups of patients were compared: all patients with mixed candida/bacterial BSI (cases1 n=69), and all patients with mono candida BSI (control 2 n=62). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 statistical software. The independent sample t-test and chi-square analysis was used.
Result. The median age of the patients who have mixed candida / bacterial BSI was 63 years old, and 70.42% of these patients were male. Cardiovascular disease was the most common underlying disease of mixed candida / bacterial BSI, followed by neurological disease, and followed by tumors and diabetes. In cases of mono candida bloodstream infection, infection with Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans dominated. In cases of mixed bloodstream infection with bacterial candida, the highest proportion is Candida albicans. In the cases of candida bloodstream infection without cardiovascular underlying disease, it is Candida tropicalis, followed by Candida albicans. Opposite, in the cases with an underlying cardiovascular disease, the highest proportion is Candida albicans.
Conclusion. Our data show that older adults（age＞65 years）, men are more susceptible to candida bloodstream infections. Bacterial candida mixed bloodstream infections mostly led by staphylococcus sp. Procalcitonin（PCT）, white blood cell（WBC）, neutrophilicgranulocyte（N） were predictive for mixed bloodstream infection with bacterial candida species. Among the cases in our hospital, patients with underlying cardiovascular disease were associated with mixed bacterial candida infections.
A Novel Medical Image Enhancement Algorithm Based on CLAHE and Pelican Optimization
Authors: Haddadi Yasser Radouane , Mansouri Boualem , Khoudja Fatima zohra Driss 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Medical image enhancement is considered as a challenging image-processing framework because the low quality of images resulted after acquisition and transmission seriously affects the clinical diagnosis and observation. In order to improve the image visual quality, a novel medical image enhancement algorithm that is based on the contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization and pelican optimization algorithm is proposed in this work. The primary step of the process is the medical generation using Text-to-image generative model. Then, the estimation of the clip-limit, which controls the enhancing performance. Finally, the operation of enhancing the medical images using our proposed method. As a conclusion, the simulation experiments prove that our proposed algorithm achieves superior performance qualitatively and quantitatively, compared with the state-of-the-art experimental methods. Furthermore, the advantageous characteristic of this algorithm is its applicability in multiple types of images. In this basis, the improvement of the medical images’ quality using our algorithm allows attaining a superior visual impact on the processed image and increase the rate of conformity in the clinical diagnosis.
Anesthetic management of infant with dural sinus malformation and high-flow arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Demart Zeferino Jr , Beckhauser Mayara Thays , Ramos Marina Machado , Chaves Adriana Luma Valério , Cardoso-Demartini Adriane 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Dural sinus malformations are rare congenital vascular abnormalities with variable anatomical features, and the lateral subtypes with arteriovenous fistulas may be difficult-to-treat. A perioperative particularity is that occlusion of high flow shunts in small children can cause hypertension and stroke, due to sustained shunt-induced high cardiac output. Therefore, anesthetic management focused on hemodynamic stability is crucial to avoid complications. Herein we report a successfully treated case of a 3-month-old infant with dural sinus malformations and high-flow arteriovenous fistula, evolving with periprocedural hypertension.
The pioneering study of Mass Drug Administration with Primaquine in Iran
Authors: Jaski Sajjad Fekri , Sadeghi Fatemeh , Raeisi Ahmad , Khosravani Mousa , Ghahremani Zerafat , Hosseini Baharolsadat 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Mass drug administration (MDA) is considered one of the WHO's Global Strategies to eliminate malaria. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the impact of this achievement on reducing malaria transmission. Primaquine was chosen as an antimalarial drug for this purpose; then, a total of 168 Pakistani cases receiving MDA were examined from September to December 2021 (for 8 weeks) in the Lirdaf district of Jask county, Hormozgan province, south of Iran. Three asymptomatic vivax malaria carriers were detected. 30 out of the 168 people treated with primaquine, were excluded from the study; Considering that, 26 of them had G6PD deficiency. Three people were eliminated from the project, one due to family problems, and the other two due to access constraints. One person, who was positive and also asymptomatic at the beginning of the study, became positive again; so, this case was disregarded from the survey. All cases were followed up routinely; and interestingly, no relapse was observed in our target population. We suggested that MDA should be implemented in the elimination phase associated with other interventions.
Guizhi Fuling capsule relieves memory deficits by inhibition of microglial neuroinflammation through blocking JAK2/STAT3 pathway in presenilin1/2 conditional double knockout mice
Authors: Yang Guang , Tong Yuting , Wang Xingyu , Zhao Chenyi , Ba Zongtao , Ahelijiang Reaila , Liu Xinjuan , Gao Waimao , Zhao Yan , Gu Yining , Xu Ying 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic neuroinflammation has been regarded as an important part of the pathological initiation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which is associated with the regulation of microglial activation. Preventing of microglial activation to inhibit neuroinflammation may become a potential target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Guizhi Fuling capsule (GZFL) has a strong repression on inflammatory responses. The phenotypes of presenilin1/2 conditional double knockout (PS cDKO) mice, which could well simulate a series of pathological characteristics in AD patients aggravated with age, were subject to behavioral tests and molecular biological analyses to evaluate the latent neuroprotective effects of GZFL on neuroinflammation-mediated cognitive deficits. Primary microglia induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used to explore the possible mechanism of GZFL on the improvement of neuroinflammation via testing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and activation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) / signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway.
Materials and methods
PS cDKO mice were divided into: WT mice (WT), WT mice+GZFL (WT+GZFL), PS cDKO mice (cDKO), and PS cDKO mice+GZFL (cDKO+GZFL). Mice in the WT+GZFL and cDKO+GZFL group were fed standard chow containing 2000 ppm GZFL for 90 days. After 60 days of GZFL treatment, mice were given to behavioral tests for 30 days in order to explore the effects of GZFL on cognitive and motor function. Then, mice were sacrificed for examining the effects of GZFL on inflammation. Furthermore, primary microglia were obtained from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats and pretreated with or without GZFL (50 μg/ml) for 1 h in the absence or presence of LPS (100 ng/ml) stimulation to speculate whether the underlying mechanism of GZFL’s anti-inflammatory potential was closely associated with JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Results
Our findings indicated that GZFL has the ability to alleviate memory deficits in PS cDKO mice, which attributes to the improvement of neuroinflammation by inhibiting microglial activation and the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. In addition, GZFL can inverse the tau hyperphosphorylation and the lessened expression of synaptic proteins in hippocampus of PS cDKO mice. Furthermore, GZFL plays a key role in preventing LPS-induced neuroinflammatory responses in primary microglia by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. It is noteworthy that therapeutic effects of GZFL on memory impairment are depended on the inhibition of neuroinflammatory responses by the blockage of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
Conclusions
GZFL may be an effective compound Chinese medicine for the improvement and postponement of neurodegenerative progression in AD.
Novel Coil Design and Analysis for High-Power Wireless Power Transfer with Enhanced Q-Factor
Authors: Awuah Charles Marfo , Danuor Patrick , Moon Jung-Ick , Jung Young-Bae 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The power transfer efficiency (PTE) is a crucial aspect for effective wireless power transfer (WPT) applications. The quality factor (Q) of the WPT coil plays a critical role in ensuring higher PTE. In this paper, a novel method of improving the Q of a WPT coil is proposed. Resistance reduction techniques are presented which involves variation of the trace pitch, width, and thickness. This approach targets the high AC losses centered in the inner turns, which subsequently results in an increased Q. Numerical analysis with respect to the inductance and resistance models are presented, analyzed, and compared to that of the EM simulation results. To verify the efficacy of the proposed coil structure, a prototype is fabricated where good agreement is achieved between the measured and simulated results. The proposed coil attained a quality factor increment of about 19.24% at 85 kHz in comparison to the conventional one. The proposed technique can be used to optimize planar spiral coils to attain higher Q.
Numerical Analysis and Experimental Validation of the Jet Impingement Cooling of a Turbine-Blade Leading Edge at Different Rotation Speeds
Authors: Safi Amin , Hamdan Mohammad O. , Omari Sala A. B. Al , Elnajjar Emad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Herein, experimental and numerical validation studies were conducted on internal channel cooling in which seven jets impinging inside a rotating semi-cylindrical channel. These studies were conducted by considering a Reynolds number of 7,500 for a jet at five rotation speeds (ranging from 0 to 200 rpm). Numerical analysis was performed using the shear stress transport (SST) k–ω turbulence model with a properly analyzed fine mesh containing eight million nodes. A test setup with required instrumentation was developed inhouse for this study. Two temperature measurement techniques, namely thermochromic liquid crystals (TLCs) and thermocouples, were adopted. Further, the target surface temperature contours were precisely analyzed by comparing the TLC temperature measurements with the numerical temperature results. The captured temperature contours indicated points of minimum-temperature regions, which corresponded to the jet impingement regions. By examining the temperature distribution along the axial centerline, a good agreement was established between the numerical results and the experimental measurements. For Reynolds number of 7,500, increasing ration speed from 0 to 250 rpm has reduced the variation in temperature between different jets. The size of inlet port to feeding duct has a strong imapact on jet formation, which led to different mass flow rate across jets. Furthermore, a small deviation between numerical and experimental data can be observed near the end side of the channel owing to the radial and lateral heat transfer losses and outlet flow restriction.
Finite Element Analysis of Low Profile Reconstruction Plates for Atrophic Mandibles: A Comparison of Novel 3D Grid and Conventional Plate Designs
Authors: Guerra Raphael Capelli , Pulino Bianca de Fátima Borim , Salomão Vitor , Pereira Rodrigo dos Santos , Thieringer Florian , Sacco Roberto , Sader Robert , Vieira Eduardo Hochuli 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to compare the reconstruction with type 2.4 and three-dimensional (3D) grid plates relating the areas of weakness to anatomical regions of force incidence in atrophic mandibles with and without segmentation using finite element analysis (FEA). Strength and force quality in the mandible were also determined. The atrophic mandible models with and without segmentation were divided into four groups, and the behavior of each plate was analyzed using finite element analysis. In the atrophic mandible without segmentation using the type 2.4 reconstruction plate, the highest stress concentration in the plate was observed in the posterior region of the mandibular body and in the grid type 3D reconstruction plate was observed in the mandibular angle. In the segmented atrophic mandible with the 2.4 reconstruction plate, higher stress concentration was observed in the mandibular segment defect. Analysis of the 3D grid-like reconstruction plate revealed that the geometry of the plate conferred greater stiffness to the assembly, as the most significant stress concentration was observed at the mandibular angle. The width of the plate design may influence the strength, not the thickness.
Nanodiamonds enable femtosecond-processed ultrathin glass as a hybrid quantum sensor
Authors: Dadhich Bhavesh K. , Panda Biswajit , Sidhu Mehra S. , Singh Kamal P. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The quantum properties of fluorescent nanodiamonds offer great promise for fabricating quantum-enabled devices for physical applications. However, the nanodiamonds need to be suitably combined with a substrate to exploit their properties. Here, we show that ultrathin and flexible glass (thickness 30 microns) can be functionalized by nanodiamonds and nano-shaped using intense femtosecond pulses to design cantilever-based nanomechanical hybrid quantum sensors. Thus fabricated ultrathin glass cantilevers show stable optical, electronic, and magnetic properties of nitrogen-vacancy centers including well-defined fluorescence with zero-phonon lines and optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) near 2.87 GHz. We demonstrate several sensing applications of the ultrathin glass cantilever by measuring acoustic pulses, external magnetic field, or CW laser-induced heating by measuring Zeeman splitting and thermal shifting of ODMR lines. This work demonstrates the suitability of the femtosecond-processed ultrathin glass as a new versatile substrate for multifunctional quantum devices.
Ce:LYSO, from scintillator to solid-state lighting as a blue luminescent concentrator
Authors: LOPEZ LISA , PICHON PIERRE , LOISEAU PASCAL , VIANA BRUNO , MAHIOU RACHID , DRUON FREDERIC , GEORGES PATRICK , BALEMBOIS FRANÇOIS 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cerium-doped lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (Ce:LYSO) is a well-known single crystal scintillator used in medical imaging and security scanners. Recent development of high power UV LED, matching its absorption band, questions the possibility to use Ce:LYSO in a new way: as LED-pumped solid-state light source. Since Ce:LYSO is available in large size crystals, we investigate its potential as a luminescent concentrator. This paper reports an extensive study of the performance in close relation to the spectroscopic properties of this crystal. It gives the reasons why the Ce:LYSO crystal tested in this study is less efficient than Ce:YAG for luminescent concentration: limited quantum efficiency and high losses coming from self-absorption and from excited-state absorption are playing key roles. However, we demonstrate that a Ce:LYSO luminescent concentrator is an innovative source for solid-state lighting. Pumped by a peak power of 3400 W in quasi-continuous wave regime (40 µs, 10 Hz), a rectangular (1×22×105 mm3) Ce:LYSO crystal delivers a broadband spectrum (60 nm FWHM) centered at 430 nm. At full output aperture (20×1 mm²), it emits a peak power of 116 W. On a squared output surface (1×1 mm2) it emits 16 W corresponding to a brightness of 509 W/cm2/sr. This combination of spectrum power and brightness is higher than blue LEDs and opens perspectives for Ce:LYSO in the field of illumination namely for imaging.