bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of a phage cocktail to reduce the numbers of seven Escherichia coli strains belonging to different STEC serogroups applied to fresh produce and seeds
Authors: Ding Yiran , Nan Yuchen , Qiu Yang , Niu Dongyan , Stanford Kim , Holley Rick , McAllister Tim , Narváez‐Bravo Claudia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe aims of this research were to evaluate the effectiveness of a phage cocktail at reducing seven Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups on different food matrixes: mung bean sprouts (MBP), lettuce, and mung bean seeds (MBS) and to test the phage cocktail effectiveness to reduce E. coli O157 on Romaine and iceberg lettuce. To study the effect of the type of food matrix on the STEC phage cocktail effectiveness, a mixture of seven highly sensitive STEC strains designated as phage propagation strains (PPS) were used to adulterate Romaine lettuce, MBP, and MBS matrixes at a concentration of 105 logs CFU/g. A subsample of the treated MBS was germinated to assess STEC survival. Recovered STEC strains were confirmed using latex agglutination and PCR. To test the phage cocktail effectiveness to reduce E. coli O157:H7 on Romaine and iceberg lettuce, a mixture of four STEC strains (different than phage propagation strains, non‐PPS) at both low (103 CFU/g) and high (105 CFU/g) concentrations were used to spike the samples in scaled up trials for the purpose of potential commercialization. Phage treatments including a combination of STEC phage cocktail and chlorinated water treatment were then applied to lettuce in a simulated scaled‐up trial. STEC was assessed on the treated samples at different storage time and temperatures (0, 24, 48, and 72 hr at 2, 10 and 25°C). In the food matrix trial, the combination of STEC phage cocktail and chlorinated water‐reduced PPS (p < 0.001) STEC on lettuce by 2.1 log10 CFU/g and on MBP by 2.2 log10 CFU/g. However, isolates from all 7 STEC serogroups remained viable after phage treatment in both lettuce and MBP; particularly those associated with serogroup O111, O121, O103, and O145, while only a few colonies of serogroup O26, O45, and O157 were detected. Lettuce adulterated with low levels of 4 non‐PPS E. coli O157:H7 (103 CFU/g) achieved a reduction of 2.6–3.2 logs. While a reduction 1.7–2.3 logs was achieved by the phage cocktail when lettuce was inoculated with 105 CFU/g. Overall phage performance was more effective at 2 and 10°C and improved over storage time up to 72 hr. However, for MBS, the phage cocktail was not able to kill any of the STEC populations as all of them recovered during germination.
Methods of tissue preparation after EUS‐guided tissue acquisition without rapid on‐site assessment: Results of a randomized study
Authors: Phan Vinh‐An , Ruszkiewicz Andrew , Safaeian Romina , Zobel Joshua , Nguyen Nam Q. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the absence of rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE), it is not clear which method of tissue preparation is best to process tissue obtained from EUS guidance. Cytological smearing (CS), cell block (CB), and direct histology (DH) are the available techniques.AimTo compare the diagnostic yield of three techniques of tissue preparation for EUS‐guided tissue acquisition without ROSE.MethodsPatients who were referred for EUS‐FNA of peri‐gastrointestinal masses were recruited. Without ROSE, each lesion was biopsied with three needle passes, and the order in which tissue is prepared was randomized to either (i) CS + CB, (ii) CB only, or (iii) DH only. The prepared specimens were reviewed.ResultsA total of 243 specimens were taken from 81 patients. Tissue diagnosis was achieved in 78/81 (96.3%) of patients, including 63 neoplasms (PDAC [n = 45], pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors [PNET; n = 4], cholangiocarcinoma [n = 5], metastatic disease [n = 4], lymphoma [n = 1], linitis plastica [n = 2], leiomyoma [n = 2]) and 15 benign pathologies (chronic pancreatitis [n = 8], reactive nodes [n = 5], inflammatory biliary stricture [n = 1], and pancreatic rest [n = 1]). The three non‐diagnostic cases were found to be PDAC (n = 2) and PNET (n = 1). Sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy was highest with DH (94 and 95%), which was significantly better than that by CS + CB (43 and 54%; P = 0.0001) and CB‐only preparations (32 and 48.6%; P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between the CS + CB and CB‐only arms (P > 0.22).ConclusionWithout ROSE, our findings suggest that with just a single pass, DH should be the tissue preparation method of choice given its significantly higher diagnostic accuracy compared with CS and/or CB techniques.
One‐year prediction of cognitive decline following cognitive‐stimulation from real‐world data
Authors: Camino‐Pontes Borja , Gonzalez‐Lopez Francisco , Santamaría‐Gomez Gonzalo , Sutil‐Jimenez Antonio Javier , Sastre‐Barrios Carolina , de Pierola Iñigo Fernandez , Cortes Jesus M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractClinical evidence based on real‐world data (RWD) is accumulating exponentially providing larger sample sizes available, which demand novel methods to deal with the enhanced heterogeneity of the data. Here, we used RWD to assess the prediction of cognitive decline in a large heterogeneous sample of participants being enrolled with cognitive stimulation, a phenomenon that is of great interest to clinicians but that is riddled with difficulties and limitations. More precisely, from a multitude of neuropsychological Training Materials (TMs), we asked whether was possible to accurately predict an individual's cognitive decline one year after being tested. In particular, we performed longitudinal modelling of the scores obtained from 215 different tests, grouped into 29 cognitive domains, a total of 124,610 instances from 7902 participants (40% male, 46% female, 14% not indicated), each performing an average of 16 tests. Employing a machine learning approach based on ROC analysis and cross‐validation techniques to overcome overfitting, we show that different TMs belonging to several cognitive domains can accurately predict cognitive decline, while other domains perform poorly, suggesting that the ability to predict decline one year later is not specific to any particular domain, but is rather widely distributed across domains. Moreover, when addressing the same problem between individuals with a common diagnosed label, we found that some domains had more accurate classification for conditions such as Parkinson's disease and Down syndrome, whereas they are less accurate for Alzheimer's disease or multiple sclerosis. Future research should combine similar approaches to ours with standard neuropsychological measurements to enhance interpretability and the possibility of generalizing across different cohorts.
Co‐occurring opioid use disorder and serious mental illness: A selective literature review
Authors: Pettit Bruns Debra , Kraguljac Nina V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe overarching goal of this review is to provide a clinical overview of epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment, and to discuss the public health impact, social determinants including access to care, and implications for health care delivery and research. It is estimated that approximately 1 in 4 individuals suffering from a serious mental illness (SMI) may have a co‐occurring opioid use disorder (OUD). In these individuals, the overall disease burden is higher and clinical outcomes are worse compared to those without a co‐occurring illness, making an integrated approach to diagnosis and treatment an urgent priority.MethodsWe conducted a selective review of the literature to investigate prevalence, etiology for co‐occurring OUD and SMI, and diagnostic and clinical guidelines in the United States, and consideration special populations.FindingsOur findings suggest that, despite the high prevalence of co‐occurring OUD and SMI, contemporary diagnostics and treatment approaches are underutilized in this patient population. The literature also suggests that both pharmacological and psychosocial treatment approaches need to be tailored to optimize clinical management, and that integrated treatment is pivotal for improving overall outcomes, yet comprehensive clinical guidelines for co‐occurring OUD and SMI are lacking at this time.
Outcomes of Manchester procedure combined with high uterosacral ligament suspension for uterine prolapse
Authors: Wang Qi , Wu Nengxiu , Li Ying , Lin Chaoqin , Xu Ying , Chen Xianjing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe objective of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of the Manchester procedure (MP) with or without concomitant high uterosacral ligament suspension (HUSLS) for treating uterine prolapse. The primary outcomes were to compare the two methods for differences in perioperative complications and recurrence rates, and to explore whether MP combined with concomitant HUSLS is beneficial in reducing recurrence rates.MethodsA total of 98 uterine prolapse patients underwent MP or MP‐HUSLS during the study period.Demographic data, perioperative, and follow‐up outcomes were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to explore the effect of surgical methods on recurrence.ResultsThe MP‐HUSLS group had a higher degree of apical compartment prolapse before the operation, but the pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP‐Q) values of points Ba and C in the MP‐HUSLS group improved significantly compared with the MP group (p < 0.05). The operation time in the MP group was shorter than that in the MP‐HUSLS group. There were no differences in baseline characteristics or perioperative complications between the two groups. Twelve patients had subjective recurrence during follow‐up, although 20 developed anatomical recurrence. After controlling for confounding factors, the MP group had a higher risk of recurrence in the anterior compartment than the MP‐HUSLS (adjusted hazard ratio: 4.191, confidence interval: 1.195–14.701, p = 0.025). There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate of the two groups' total, apical, and posterior compartments.ConclusionCompared with MP, MP‐HUSLS seems more effective in treating uterine prolapse, with a higher location of the points C and Ba. However, further studies with large samples and long follow‐up times need to confirm this result.
Text highlighting combined with open‐ended questions: A methodological extension
Authors: Ares Gastón , Ryan Grace S. , Jaeger Sara R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractText highlighting is a new method for consumer research, especially in attitude measurement. Presently, the method is evolved into a mixed method approach through a combination with open‐ended questions. While participants read a text they use highlighter functions to select content that they like/feel positive about, and content which they dislike/feel negative about. Immediately hereafter they answer open‐ended questions about the text they selected and why they did so. The mixed method approach was implemented in two consumer studies (1,554 participants) and the results showed that the combination of text highlighting and open‐ended questions achieved greater “completeness,” that is, more comprehensive insights on the topic of the research. The supplementary qualitative component of the mixed method design (i.e., the open‐ended questions) helped to elaborate the insights from text highlighting (i.e., the quantitative core component).Practical ApplicationsThis research showcases how the recent method of text highlighting can be combined with open‐ended questions, and that doing so is simple and beneficial. This is illustrated in two case studies on the topics of, respectively, biodynamic agriculture and vertical farming. The open‐ended questions were added to identify reasons underlying participants' “like” and “dislike” text highlights and helped to better interpret the highlighting responses. The combination of text highlighting with open‐ended questions is a general purpose method that can be used in many areas of consumer research—including novel foods/food technologies and product research.
Natural variation of Macrocystis pyrifera gametophyte germplasm culture microbiomes and applications for improving yield in offshore farms
Authors: Osborne Melisa G. , Molano Gary , Simons Ariel Levi , Dao Valerie , Ong Brandon , Vong Brandon , Singh Anupam , Montecinos Arismendi Gabriel J. , Alberto Filipe , Nuzhdin Sergey V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith national interest in seaweed‐based biofuels as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, there is a need for tools that produce high‐yield seaweed cultivars and increase the efficiency of offshore farms. Several agricultural studies have demonstrated that the application of microbial inoculants at an early life stage can improve crop yield, and there is an opportunity to use similar techniques in seaweed aquaculture. However, there is a critical knowledge gap regarding host–microbiome associations of macroalgae gametophytes in germplasm cultures. Here, we investigate the microbial community of Macrocystis pyrifera gametophyte germplasm cultures that were used to cultivate an offshore farm in Santa Barbara, California and identify key taxa correlated with increased biomass of mature sporophytes. This work provides a valuable knowledge base for the development of microbial inoculants that produce high‐biomass M. pyrifera cultivars to ultimately be used as biofuel feedstocks.
Abundance of fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) in the north‐western Mediterranean Sea, using photo‐identification and microsatellite genotyping
Authors: Tardy Céline , Ody Denis , Gimenez Olivier , Planes Serge 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Mediterranean fin whale population, Balaenoptera physalus, is resident, with almost no exchanges with the Atlantic population. The entire population was estimated at 1300 or 13,300 individuals by a recent project depending on the platform used. This disparity shows the importance of long‐term monitoring with a unique protocol of survey. Capture‐recapture approaches using dorsal photographs and genetic identity collections over a 10 years period were used to estimate the abundance of the north‐western Mediterranean fin whale. We identified 332 individuals using photographs and 470 using genotypes, with a total of 546 individuals identified between 2008 and 2019, when some whales were double‐marked. The inter‐annual percentage of recapture varied between 15% and 17% respectively for genotypes and photographs methods. Using Cormack‐Jolly‐Seber models, the abundance of fin whales in the north‐western Mediterranean is estimated at 1295 individuals (95% CI: 1116–1474) with a survival probability of 0.945 (95% CI: 0.690–0.993) from genotypes. Abundance estimates from combined collections (photographs and genotypes) and corrected photograph estimates were similar to the genetic ones. Future studies might prioritize the genetic approach which is the least biased and with a narrower confidence interval. The genetic abundance estimates show relative stability over time, when compared to 1990 estimates, and should be included in future conservation actions.
COVID‐19 survey among NYC non‐Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latino adults with diabetes
Authors: Aponte Judith , Brennan Noreen B. , Figueroa Kelin , Diaz Lillian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo better understand the knowledge, practice, importance, awareness, usefulness, and confidence of non‐Hispanic Black and English‐ and Spanish‐speaking Hispanic/Latino adults with diabetes.DesignA descriptive cross‐sectional survey study design was used and descriptive statistics was conducted.SampleNon‐Hispanic Black and Hispanic/Latino adults with diabetes were recruited from three New York City public hospitals.MeasurementsA one‐time survey was delivered via email, text message or over the phone.ResultsOf the 96 participants, 47.9% were Hispanic/Latino and 52.1% were non‐Hispanic Black individuals; 43.8% of the surveys were completed in Spanish and 56.3% in English; 41.7% were female and 58.3% male; 77.1% preferred to complete the survey via the telephone, 14.6% through email, and 8.3% via text message. Chi‐square findings showed, 90.6% knew mask wearing prevented COVID‐19; 96.9% knew that covering the nose and mouth during mask wearing is needed, 93.8% wore a mask, and 92.8% felt it important or very important to wear a mask to prevent the spread of COVID‐19. For social distancing, 88.5% knew it prevented the spread of COVID‐19, 93.8% practiced it, and 95.8% felt it important or very important.ConclusionIn having a better understanding of the knowledge and practices of COVID‐19 among non‐Hispanic Black and Hispanic populations with diabetes, the development of culturally and linguistically tailored community‐based mitigation strategies can be developed that are aimed at improving the preparedness of these groups for the next emerging infectious disease, such as COVID‐19.
Backward bifurcation and permanence of a disease‐severity‐structured epidemic model with treatment
Authors: Gion Hiromu , Saito Yasuhisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhen an unknown pathogen is encountered, developing medicines and vaccine to counter its effects becomes a potentially urgent task. In addition to these primary medical issues, there exists a secondary problem of medical collapse; it is caused by limited treatment capacity that includes limited number of medical supplies, doctors, nurses, beds, and other medical equipment, and must be seriously considered from a public health perspective. To discuss the effects of treatment capacity on disease transmission, we present a disease‐severity‐structured epidemic model with necessary treatment only for severely infective individuals. We demonstrate the occurrence of backward bifurcation, wherein a stable endemic equilibrium coexists with a stable disease‐free equilibrium when the basic reproduction number is less than 1, and if the treatment capacity is relatively small. This epidemiological implication states that when there is insufficient capacity for treatment, the requirement is not sufficient for effective disease control, and disease outbreak can reach a high endemic level even though . Permanence of our model (i.e., uniform strong persistence of the disease) is also discussed for the case .
Chronic psychological stress aggravates psoriasis‐like skin inflammation via overactivation of β2‐adrenoceptor and nuclear factor kappa B pathways
Authors: Donato‐Trancoso Aline , Cristina de Souza Ribeiro Bianca , Barrozo do Canto Fábio , de Souza Nogueira Jeane , Romana‐Souza Bruna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe relationship between psoriasis severity and psychological stress has been described in several studies. However, the mechanism by which chronic stress exacerbates psoriasis is not completely understood. This study aimed at investigating whether chronic psychological stress can aggravate psoriasis‐like skin inflammation. Mice were subjected to a restraint stress model and topically treated with imiquimod (IMQ). Differentiated human keratinocytes were treated with high epinephrine levels and IMQ in vitro. Stress aggravated macroscopic features and the increase in epidermal thickness induced by IMQ in mouse skin. The increase in NF‐κB and IL‐17A expression induced by IMQ was potentiated by chronic stress in mouse skin. The skin of stressed mice treated with IMQ showed higher levels of β2‐adrenergic receptors (β2‐AR). In human keratinocytes, high epinephrine levels exacerbated the increase in the levels of β2‐AR and IL‐17A induced by IMQ. β‐AR antagonist reversed the effects of chronic stress in IMQ‐induced inflammation both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, stress‐stimulated overactivation of the β2‐AR and NF‐κB pathways potentiates a Th1/Th17 profile leading to an exacerbation of psoriasis.
Sport and Physical Activity for Positive Youth Development Related to Social and Emotional Learning: Reflections From the Know-Do Gap
Authors: Wright Paul M. 
Published: February 2023

Physical activity programs in school and community settings have the potential to foster positive youth development related to social and emotional learning. However, research findings and best practices that promote these outcomes are often not implemented in practice. The field of implementation science can help researchers understand and navigate the barriers to implementing what we know from research into policy and practice (i.e., to bridge the know-do gap). In this paper, after describing positive youth development, social emotional learning, and their application in physical activity settings, I share reflections from my engaged scholarship with the teaching personal and social responsibility model to illustrate ways my collaborators and I have tried to address the know-do gap. Lessons learned about ways that kinesiology researchers can actively support the implementation of our research in society are discussed.
Exercise as medicine for depressive symptoms? A systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression
Authors: Heissel Andreas , Heinen Darlene , Brokmeier Luisa Leonie , Skarabis Nora , Kangas Maria , Vancampfort Davy , Stubbs Brendon , Firth Joseph , Ward Philip B , Rosenbaum Simon , Hallgren Mats , Schuch Felipe 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo estimate the efficacy of exercise on depressive symptoms compared with non-active control groups and to determine the moderating effects of exercise on depression and the presence of publication bias.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression.Data sourcesThe Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science were searched without language restrictions from inception to 13 September2022 (PROSPERO registration no CRD42020210651).Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesRandomised controlled trials including participants aged 18 years or older with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder or those with depressive symptoms determined by validated screening measures scoring above the threshold value, investigating the effects of an exercise intervention (aerobic and/or resistance exercise) compared with a non-exercising control group.ResultsForty-one studies, comprising 2264 participants post intervention were included in the meta-analysis demonstrating large effects (standardised mean difference (SMD)=−0.946, 95% CI −1.18 to −0.71) favouring exercise interventions which corresponds to the number needed to treat (NNT)=2 (95% CI 1.68 to 2.59). Large effects were found in studies with individuals with major depressive disorder (SMD=−0.998, 95% CI −1.39 to −0.61, k=20), supervised exercise interventions (SMD=−1.026, 95% CI −1.28 to −0.77, k=40) and moderate effects when analyses were restricted to low risk of bias studies (SMD=−0.666, 95% CI −0.99 to −0.34, k=12, NNT=2.8 (95% CI 1.94 to 5.22)).ConclusionExercise is efficacious in treating depression and depressive symptoms and should be offered as an evidence-based treatment option focusing on supervised and group exercise with moderate intensity and aerobic exercise regimes. The small sample sizes of many trials and high heterogeneity in methods should be considered when interpreting the results.