bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of season on glutamate and GABA levels in the healthy human brain investigated by magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging
Authors: Spurny‐Dworak B. , Reed M. B. , Handschuh P. , Vanicek T. , Spies M. , Bogner W. , Lanzenberger R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSeasonal changes in neurotransmitter systems have been demonstrated in imaging studies and are especially noticeable in diseased states such as seasonal affective disorder (SAD). These modulatory neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, are influencing glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmission. Furthermore, central components of the circadian pacemaker are regulated by GABA (the suprachiasmatic nucleus) or glutamate (e.g., the retinohypothalamic tract). Therefore, we explored seasonal differences in the GABAergic and glutamatergic system in 159 healthy individuals using magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging with a GABA‐edited 3D‐MEGA‐LASER sequence at 3T. We quantified GABA+/tCr, GABA+/Glx, and Glx/tCr ratios (GABA+, GABA+ macromolecules; Glx, glutamate + glutamine; tCr, total creatine) in five different subcortical brain regions. Differences between time periods throughout the year, seasonal patterns, and stationarity were tested using ANCOVA models, curve fitting approaches, and unit root and stationarity tests, respectively. Finally, Spearman correlation analyses between neurotransmitter ratios within each brain region and cumulated daylight and global radiation were performed. No seasonal or monthly differences, seasonal patterns, nor significant correlations could be shown in any region or ratio. Unit root and stationarity tests showed stable patterns of GABA+/tCr, GABA+/Glx, and Glx/tCr levels throughout the year, except for hippocampal Glx/tCr. Our results indicate that neurotransmitter levels of glutamate and GABA in healthy individuals are stable throughout the year. Hence, despite the important correction for age and gender in the analyses of MRS derived GABA and glutamate, a correction for seasonality in future studies does not seem necessary. Future investigations in SAD and other psychiatric patients will be of high interest.
Exploring structural connectomes in children with unilateral cerebral palsy using graph theory
Authors: Radwan Ahmed , Decraene Lisa , Dupont Patrick , Leenaerts Nicolas , Simon‐Martinez Cristina , Klingels Katrijn , Ortibus Els , Feys Hilde , Sunaert Stefan , Blommaert Jeroen , Mailleux Lisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe explored structural brain connectomes in children with spastic unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP) and its relation to sensory‐motor function using graph theory. In 46 children with uCP (mean age = 10 years 7 months ± 2 years 9 months; Manual Ability Classification System I = 15, II = 16, III = 15) we assessed upper limb somatosensory and motor function. We collected multi‐shell diffusion‐weighted, T1‐weighted and T2‐FLAIR MRI and identified the corticospinal tract (CST) wiring pattern using transcranial magnetic stimulation. Structural connectomes were constructed using Virtual Brain Grafting‐modified FreeSurfer parcellations and multi‐shell multi‐tissue constrained spherical deconvolution‐based anatomically‐constrained tractography. Graph metrics (characteristic path length, global/local efficiency and clustering coefficient) of the whole brain, the ipsilesional/contralesional hemisphere, and the full/ipsilesional/contralesional sensory‐motor network were compared between lesion types (periventricular white matter (PWM) = 28, cortical and deep gray matter (CDGM) = 18) and CST‐wiring patterns (ipsilateral = 14, bilateral = 14, contralateral = 12, unknown = 6) using ANCOVA with age as covariate. Using elastic‐net regularized regression we investigated how graph metrics, lesion volume, lesion type, CST‐wiring pattern and age predicted sensory‐motor function. In both the whole brain and subnetworks, we observed a hyperconnectivity pattern in children with CDGM‐lesions compared with PWM‐lesions, with higher clustering coefficient (p = [<.001–.047], =[0.09–0.27]), characteristic path length (p = .003, =0.19) and local efficiency (p = [.001–.02], =[0.11–0.21]), and a lower global efficiency with age (p = [.01–.04], =[0.09–0.15]). No differences were found between CST‐wiring groups. Overall, good predictions of sensory‐motor function were obtained with elastic‐net regression (R2 = .40–.87). CST‐wiring pattern was the strongest predictor for motor function. For somatosensory function, all independent variables contributed equally to the model. In conclusion, we demonstrated the potential of structural connectomics in understanding disease severity and brain development in children with uCP.
Expansive yet deep: A president's perspective
Authors: Malloy Edward A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCollege and university presidents can position themselves to be a great resource for the country and the world. This chapter introduces the perspectives of two presidents of the University of Notre Dame, Father Theodore Hesburgh, C.S.C. who served for 35 years (1952–1987) and was a major presence in American higher education and a classic public intellectual, and his successor, Father Edward Malloy, C.S.C. who served for 18 years (1987–2005) and was heavily involved at the local, national, and international level. It offers valuable lessons about the evolving presidential role and how internal and external pressures have changed the expectations for the president as a public intellectual. In enacting the role of a public intellectual, university presidents must ask themselves how to exercise that duty in ways that are both expansive yet deep.
Aggressive recurrent respiratory papillomatosis: A series of five consecutive patients successfully treated with adjuvant intravenous bevacizumab. A single Belgian academic center experience
Authors: Collette Fanny , Lawson Georges , Hassid Samantha , Delahaut Gilles , Bachy Vincent , Van Der Vorst Sébastien , Faugeras Laurence , Gilliaux Quentin , D'Hondt Lionel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a currently incurable benign neoplasm caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. It usually reduces voice, respiratory, and general quality of life, and is sometimes life‐threatening. Patients usually need repeated operations. The use of adjuvant bevacizumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor A, has been described in several case reports, with a good efficacy and safety profile.MethodsWe report the cases of five patients with aggressive RRP who were treated with adjuvant systemic bevacizumab in a single Belgian tertiary center.ResultsA complete response was achieved in four patients after a median of 4.5 months, and a partial response in one. In all cases, the number of surgeries was drastically reduced, and quality of life improved. Toxicity was easily managed.ConclusionsSystemic bevacizumab seems to be an effective and safe adjuvant treatment for aggressive RRP.
Limonin ameliorates indomethacin‐induced intestinal damage and ulcers through Nrf2/ARE pathway
Authors: Jia Bo , Zhao Leyi , Liu Pengpeng , Li Meng , Tian Zhilei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause intestinal damage and ulcers and the incidence is increasing. Limonin plays an important role in the regulation of inflammatory diseases, but it has not been reported in the treatment of intestinal injury and ulcers.MethodsIndomethacin (INDO) induced intestinal injury and ulcer model in rats. The indexes related to intestinal injury were detected. Western blot and molecular docking techniques were used to detect the docking between Limonin and Nrf2. Next, ML385, an inhibitor of Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, was applied to treat intestinal epithelial IEC‐6 cells induced by INDO. And CCK8, Western blot, TUNEL, ELISA, DCFH‐DA assay, kits, and immunofluorescence were conducted to detect cell activity, apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and tight junction again.ResultsINDO can significantly induce intestinal ulcerative lesions in rats. Limonin could improve intestinal ulcerative lesions induced by INDO in rats. Limonin could reduce INDO‐induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress in the small intestine of rats, and improve the intestinal barrier dysfunction induced by INDO. Limonin could dock with Nrf2 structure and activate Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. ML385 could reverse the protective effect of Limonin against INDO‐induced cell damage.ConclusionLimonin ameliorates INDO‐induced intestinal damage and ulcers through Nrf2/ARE pathway.
The interplay between therapeutic relationship and therapeutic technique: “It takes two to tango”
Authors: Matos Marcela , Dimaggio Giancarlo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe idea that the therapeutic relationship is at the core of psychotherapy is shared by most therapeutic approaches. Also, an increasing variety of therapeutic approaches, consider experiential techniques as central tools to promote effective therapeutic change. Commonly, it is argued that the creation of a positive, empathic, safe, and solid therapeutic alliance should be a prerequisite for administering these techniques. However, recent evidence is beginning to challenge this cautious stance showing that the introduction of experiential work early in therapy can be safe and effective. So, the quality of the therapeutic relationship may either facilitate or hinder the use of experiential techniques, but the use of these techniques may also strengthen or cause ruptures in the therapeutic alliance. So how do we balance the attention to the therapeutic relationship and the use of active, emotionally arousing techniques? In this paper, we present an issue of the Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session exploring the complex interplay between therapeutic relationship and experiential practices in light of different psychotherapeutic approaches. We do so by first providing an initial overview of the topic. Next, we introduce the five papers of the issue along with some thoughts on how authors from diverse psychotherapeutic orientations contributed to illustrate and reflect on this multifaceted “dance” between therapeutic relationship and techniques.
Prognostic role of three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography‐derived left ventricular global longitudinal strain in cardiac amyloidosis: Insights from the MAGYAR‐Path Study
Authors: Földeák Dóra , Kormányos Árpád , Nemes Attila 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionSystemic amyloidosis is an uncommon disorder in which amyloid fibrils deposit extracellularly. Three‐dimensional speckle‐tracking echocardiography (3DSTE) is a novel method able to assess left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS). Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic impact of 3DSTE‐derived LV‐GLS in patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA).Materials and MethodsA total of 35 patients suffering from light‐chain (AL) CA or transthyretin (TTR) CA were selected, but 7 patients had to be excluded due to insufficient image quality or were lost for follow‐up. With AL‐CA 23 cases, while for TTR‐CA 5 patients were diagnosed. Complete two‐dimensional Doppler and 3DSTE were performed in all subjects.ResultsThe median follow‐up was 201 days (ranging from 36 to 632 days) during which cardiovascular event was detected in 17 CA patients, including 8 cardiac deaths. Six patients were diagnosed with acute heart failure, two patients needed invasive interventions (percutaneous coronary intervention with stent‐implantation, implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation) and in one patient new higher grade atrioventricular block was registered. Using ROC analysis, 3DSTE‐derived LV‐GLS ≥11.8% (absolute value) was found to be a significant predictor for cardiovascular event‐free survival (sensitivity 65%, specificity 64%, area under the curve 0.71, p = .05). Lower LV ejection fraction was confirmed in patients with LV‐GLS <11.8% as compared to cases with LV‐GLS ≥11.8%. In case of a cardiovascular event, LV‐GLS was lower as compared to that of subjects with no events. Multivariable regression analysis confirmed that LV‐GLS and LV end‐diastolic diameter were independent predictors of cardiovascular survival.Conclusion3DSTE‐derived LV‐GLS is an independent predictor for future cardiovascular events in CA patients.
Efficacy of stimulants for preschool attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sugaya Luisa S. , Farhat Luis C. , Califano Pietro , Polanczyk Guilherme V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundRobust synthesis of evidence to support treatment recommendations for preschoolers with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is lacking. The aim of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to review currently available evidence to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of stimulants for preschool children with ADHD.MethodsWe searched electronic databases (CENTRAL, Embase, PubMed) from the database inception to March, 2022; and clinical trial registries through WHO ICTRP from the database inception to July, 2022, and selected double‐blinded randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared stimulants against placebo for the treatment of preschoolers (age ≤ 7 years) with ADHD. Change in ADHD symptom severity was the primary outcome (efficacy) and all‐cause dropout rates (acceptability) was the secondary outcome. Data were pooled with random‐effects models weighted by the inverse of the variance. Risk of bias of individual studies were assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach was used to assess the quality of evidence. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022348597).ResultsFive RCTs (three methylphenidate immediate‐release, one methylphenidate extended‐release, and one lisdexamfetamine) were included. The analysis of efficacy was based on 489 participants. Meta‐analysis of change in ADHD symptom severity demonstrated a significant effect in favor of stimulants over placebo (standardized mean difference = −0.59; 95% CI −0.77, −0.41; p < 0.0001). There was no evidence of heterogeneity but some concerns about publication bias. Regardless, the confidence of evidence was considered moderate. For acceptability, stimulants did not lead to an increased rate of all‐cause discontinuation rates in comparison to placebo (OR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.15, 2.37; p = 0.45) but the confidence of estimate was very low.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that stimulants are efficacious in reducing ADHD symptoms among preschool children. Clinicians should consider the use of stimulants when making treatment recommendations for preschoolers with ADHD.
Sterile 20‐like kinase 3 promotes tick‐borne encephalitis virus assembly by interacting with NS2A and prM and enhancing the NS2A–NS4A association
Authors: Tang Jielin , Xu Chonghui , Fu Muqing , Liu Canyu , Zhang Xianwen , Zhang Wei , Pei Rongjuan , Wang Yun , Zhou Yuan , Chen Jizheng , Miao Zhichao , Pan Guangjin , Yang Qi , Chen Xinwen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the causative agent of a potentially fatal neurological infection in humans. Investigating virus–host interaction is important for understanding the pathogenesis of TBEV and developing effective antiviral drugs against this virus. Here, we report that mammalian ste20‐like kinase 3 (MST3) is involved in the regulation of TBEV infection. The knockdown or knockout of MST3, but not other mammalian ste20‐like kinase family members, inhibited TBEV replication. The knockdown of MST3 also significantly reduced TBEV replication in mouse primary astrocytes. Life cycle analysis indicated that MST3 remarkably impaired virion assembly efficiency and specific infectivity by respectively 59% and 95% in MST3‐knockout cells. We further found that MST3 interacts with the viral proteins NS2A and prM; and MST3 enhances the interaction of NS2A–NS4A. Thus, MST3‐NS2A complex plays a major role in recruiting prM–E heterodimers and NS4A and mediates the virion assembly. Additionally, we found that MST3 was biotinylated and combined with other proteins (e.g., ATG5, Sec24A, and SNX4) that are associated with the cellular membrane required for TBEV infection. Overall, our study revealed a novel function for MST3 in TBEV infection and identified as a novel host factor supporting TBEV assembly.
Epidemiological features, genomic characteristics, and origin tracing of the COVID‐19 outbreaks in Beijing from January to September 2022
Authors: Feng Zhaomin , Huo Da , Cui Shujuan , Lyu Bing , Liang Zhichao , Li Fu , Yang Peng , Wang Quanyi , Zhang Daitao , Pan Yang , Duan Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDifferent variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have been discovered globally. At present, the Omicron variant has been extensively circulated worldwide. There have been several outbreaks of the Omicron variant in China. Here, we investigated the epidemiologic, genetic characteristics, and origin‐tracing data of the outbreaks of COVID‐19 in Beijing from January to September 2022. During this time, 19 outbreaks occurred in Beijing, with the infected cases ranging from 2 to 2230. Two concern variants were detected, with eight genotypes. Based on origin tracing analysis, two outbreaks were from the cold‐chain transmission and three from items contaminated by humans. Imported cases have caused other outbreaks. Our study provided a detailed analysis of Beijing's outbreaks and valuable information to control the outbreak's spread.
Association of exosomal miR‐96‐5p and miR‐146a‐5p with the disease severity in dengue virus infection
Authors: Pradhan Aunji , Aneja Ashish , Ghosh Sahana , Devvanshi Himadri , C. Deepika , Sahu Risabh , Ross Celil , Kshetrapal Pallavi , Maitra Arindam , Das Saumitra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExosomes are small extracellular vesicles secreted by cells and have a major role in cell‐to‐cell signaling. As dengue infection progresses from a mild to a severe form of infection, the exosome's microRNA (miRNA) composition might change, which may contribute to pathogenesis. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of serum exosomal miRNAs was performed and their involvement in dengue virus‐induced disease progression in an Indian cohort was assessed. Small RNA‐seq showed 50 differentially expressed exosomal miRNAs that were significantly dysregulated during dengue infection. After extensive validation, miR‐96‐5p was found to be significantly upregulated, whereas miR‐146a‐5p was significantly downregulated with the progression of disease to severe form. Interestingly, a strong positive correlation was found between the expression levels of miR‐96‐5p and miR‐146a‐5p and the platelet levels of the patients. Further, study of miR‐146a‐5p showed that it regulates the expression of the proteins which are involved in the immune responses. These results suggest that miR‐96‐5p and miR‐146a‐5p could be used as diagnostic and prognostic markers for dengue disease progression, in addition to the already available biochemical and pathological parameters.
Systematic identification and characterization of viral small RNAs from small RNA‐Seq data
Authors: Cai Zena , Fu Ping , Xu Lihua , Deng Li , Peng Yousong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVirus‐encoded small RNAs (vsRNAs) have been reported to play an important role in viral infections. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of a systematic characterization and resource of vsRNAs. Herein, we identified a total of 19 734 high‐confidence vsRNAs including 2746 microRNAs (miRNAs) in 64 viral species from more than 800 samples of public small RNA‐Seq data. The number of vsRNAs identified in viruses varied from 1 to 2489 with a median of 170. The length distribution of vsRNAs peaked at 21 and 22 nt. Plant viruses were found to express larger number and higher levels of vsRNAs than those of animal viruses. Besides, the number of vsRNAs identified increased as the viral infection persisted. Interestingly, the vsRNA showed strong expression specificity as little overlap was observed among vsRNAs identified in different strains of a virus, or in different hosts, cells, or tissues infected by the same virus. Little conservation was observed among vsRNAs of different viruses. The viral miRNAs were found to interact with host genes involved in multiple biological processes related to organization, development, action potential, polarity establishment, methylation, immune response, gene regulation, localization, and so on. To facilitate the usage of vsRNAs, a database named vsRNAdb was built for organizing and storing vsRNAs which is available at http://www.computationalbiology.cn/vsRNAdb/#/vsRNAdb/#/. Overall, the study deepens our understanding about the diversity and complexity of vsRNAs and provides a rich resource for further studies of vsRNAs.
Engagement in HIV continuum of care: Another step needed to close the gap toward UNAIDS 90‐90‐90 targets among younger men in Rwanda
Authors: Rwibasira Gallican N. , Dzinamarira Tafadzwa , Remera Eric , Malamba Samuel S. , Fazito Erika , Mathu Rachel , Matreja Priyal , Cai Haotian , Kayirangwa Eugenie , Nsanzimana Sabin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, we measured Rwandan men's engagement in HIV services based on the UNAIDS 90‐90‐90 targets and assessed factors associated with linkage to HIV services. We analyzed the Rwanda Population‐based HIV Impact Assessment (RPHIA) data for 15‐ to 64‐year‐old males. We conducted bivariate analysis to assess the distribution and association of sociodemographic characteristics with UNAIDS 90‐90‐90 targets. We adjusted multivariable models to understand the effect measurement of associated factors and determine the factors that best predict the achievement of UNAIDS 90‐90‐90. Of 13 780 males aged 15–64 years who participated in the RPHIA and consented to the blood draw and HIV testing, 302 had a positive HIV result, while 301 had valid responses to all variables analyzed in this paper and were included in the analysis. We found that age group was an explanatory and predictive factor for achievement of UNAIDS 90‐90‐90. Younger men living with HIV (MLHIV) are less likely to have achieved UNAIDS 90‐90‐90 compared to MLHIV 50–64 years old: adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for MLHIV aged 15–34 years was 0.21 (0.08–0.53) and aOR for MLHIV aged 35–49 years was 0.77 (0.36–1.66). To close the UNAIDS 90‐90‐90 gap in Rwanda, innovative service delivery strategies are needed to support young MLHIV to reach 90‐90‐90.