bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The value of urinary exosomal lncRNA SNHG16 as a diagnostic biomarker for bladder cancer
Authors: Liu Chengyi , Xu Pengcheng , Shao Song , Wang Fang , Zheng Zhiwen , Li Shuangjie , Liu Wei , Li Guangyuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To detect the expression level of urinary exosomal lncRNA SNHG16 in patients with bladder cancer and healthy individuals and explore its clinical application value in the diagnosis of bladder cancer.

Methods
Urine samples were collected from 42 patients with bladder cancer and 42 healthy volunteers who visited Lu’an Hospital of Anhui Medical University and the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022. The expression levels of lncRNA SNHG16 in urinary exosomes of the two groups were detected by RT‒qPCR, and their correlation with clinical pathological parameters of bladder cancer patients was analysed. An Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC) curve was drawn to analyse the diagnostic value of urinary exosomal lncRNA SNHG16 for bladder cancer and compared with urinary cytology.

Results
The expression of urinary exosomal lncRNA SNHG16 in patients with bladder cancer was significantly higher (P < 0.05), and the expression level had no correlation with the age, sex, pathological T stage, pathological grade, or tumour size of bladder cancer patients (P > 0.05). The Area Under Curve(AUC) of urinary exosomal lncRNA SNHG16 in diagnosing bladder cancer was 0.791, which was superior to that of urinary cytology (AUC = 0.597).

Conclusion
Urinary exosomal lncRNA SNHG16 with high expression can serve as a potential diagnostic biological marker for bladder cancer.
Criticizing Danaher’s Approach to Superficial State Deception
Authors: Musiał Maciej 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIf existing or future robots appear to have some capacity, state or property, how can we determine whether they truly have it or whether we are deceived into believing so? John Danaher addresses this question by formulating his approach to what he refers to as superficial state deception (SSD) from the perspective of his theory termed ethical behaviourism (EB), which was initially designed to determine the moral status of robots. In summary, Danaher believes that focusing on behaviour is sufficient to determine whether SSD occurs. My general claim is that Danaher’s approach to SSD based on EB is implausible since it results in the impossibility of conceptualizing SSD, e.g., it does not enable determining whether or not SSD occurs in a particular case. Moreover, I show how Danaher’s approach to SSD needs to be transformed to become plausible. To make my point, I (1) examine the main features of EB and distinguish its two versions by showing how Danaher revised the original EB in response to criticism; (2) discuss Danaher’s approach to the problem of deception from the perspective of EB; (3) criticize that approach by showing that it requires revisions analogous to those that have already been recommended in reference to EB, and (4) propose an alternative method for determining the presence of SSD that covers diverse, plausible approaches to SSD.
Multivocality and Sexual Identity of a “Nation” in Zimbabwe: Exploring Twitter Discourse on Queer Sexualities
Authors: Moyo Clayton , Ndhlovu Mthokozisi Phathisani 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn Zimbabwe, like in most African countries, sexuality is strongly tied with national identities. Previous studies show that queer sexualities are associated with Western values. While this narrative is contested, it has, nevertheless, been promoted by the mainstream media. However, this article focuses on social media, Twitter to be specific, to examine how users discuss sexuality and national identities. The focus is on social media platforms as they enable users to bypass traditional gatekeepers and use reason and emotions to argue about different issues. The article uses the case studies of a Zimbabwean school teacher, Neal Hovelmeier, and a South African gay celebrity, Somizi Mhlongo, who became subjects of Twitter discussions in Zimbabwe because of their homosexual orientation. The article established that Twitter reflects a wide range of reactions and formulations of queerness within what is imagined to be normative identities in Zimbabwe. It further noted that queer struggles are tied to contemporary political and social struggles and Twitter users frame their responses in ways that show these intersections.
Height and body mass index trajectories from 1975 to 2015 and prevalence of stunting, underweight and obesity in 2016 among children in Chinese cities: findings from five rounds of a national survey
Authors: Zong Xin-Nan , Li Hui , Zhang Ya-Qin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
A more comprehensive assessment of growth and nutrition in children is required in China due to rapid socioeconomic processes. We aimed to investigate height and body mass index (BMI) trajectories from 1975 to 2015 and the prevalence of stunting and obesity in 2016 among children in Chinese cities.

Methods
A total of 904,263 children from birth to 6.9 years were collected from a series of nationally representative surveys in China. Height and BMI trajectories and prevalence of stunting, underweight, overweight and obesity were assessed.

Results
The average height level of Chinese urban children under 7 years presented a positive secular trend from 1975 to 2015; however, a slowing tendency occurred in 2005‒2015. An apparent increase was observed at the 5th, 50th and 95th percentiles of BMI in urban children aged 3 years and older, with a more prominent increase at the 95th percentile. The total prevalence of stunting and underweight under 7 years was 1.4% and 2.0%, respectively. The total prevalence of overweight and obesity under 7 years was 12.6% and 4.3%, respectively, with 12.7% and 4.9% for boys, 12.6% and 3.6% for girls, 12.1% and 4.0% in urban areas and 13.1% and 4.5% in suburban rural areas.

Conclusions
The average height level of Chinese urban children has reached World Health Organization child growth standards since 2005 and presented a slowing tendency in secular trend in 2005‒2015. More attention and efforts and public health interventions should be urgently made to combat overweight and obesity among preschool children.
Machine learning–couched treatment algorithms tailored to individualized profile of patients with primary anterior chamber angle closure predisposed to the glaucomatous optic neuropathy
Authors: Kurysheva Natalia I. , Rodionova Oxana Y. , Pomerantsev Alexey L. , Sharova Galina A. , Golubnitschaja Olga 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is still one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness, with a trend towards an increase in the number of patients to 32.04 million by 2040, an increase of 58.4% compared with 2013. Health risk assessment based on multi-level diagnostics and machine learning–couched treatment algorithms tailored to individualized profile of patients with primary anterior chamber angle closure are considered essential tools to reverse the trend and protect vulnerable subpopulations against health-to-disease progression.

Aim
To develop a methodology for personalized choice of an effective method of primary angle closure (PAC) treatment based on comparing the prognosis of intraocular pressure (IOP) changes due to laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) or lens extraction (LE).

Methods
The multi-parametric data analysis was used to develop models predicting individual outcomes of the primary angle closure (PAC) treatment with LPI and LE. For doing this, we suggested a positive dynamics in the intraocular pressure (IOP) after treatment, as the objective measure of a successful treatment. Thirty-seven anatomical parameters have been considered by applying artificial intelligence to the prospective study on 30 (LE) + 30 (LPI) patients with PAC.

Results and data interpretation in the framework of 3P medicine
Based on the anatomical and topographic features of the patients with PAC, mathematical models have been developed that provide a personalized choice of LE or LPI in the treatment. Multi-level diagnostics is the key tool in the overall advanced approach. To this end, for the future application of AI in the area, it is strongly recommended to consider the following:

Clinically relevant phenotyping applicable to advanced population screening

Systemic effects causing suboptimal health conditions considered in order to cost-effectively protect affected individuals against health-to-disease transition

Clinically relevant health risk assessment utilizing health/disease-specific molecular patterns detectable in body fluids with high predictive power such as a comprehensive tear fluid analysis.
Q-rung orthopair hesitant fuzzy preference relations and its group decision-making application
Authors: Wan Benting , Zhang Jiao , Garg Harish , Huang Weikang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo express the opinions of decision-makers, q-rung orthopair hesitant fuzzy sets (q-ROHFSs) have been employed extensively. Therefore, it is necessary to construct q-rung orthopair hesitant fuzzy preference relations (q-ROHFPRs) as a crucial decision-making tool for decision-makers. The goal of this paper aims to define a new consistency and consensus approach for solving q-ROHFPR group decision-making (GDM) problems. To do this, we first state the definitions of q-ROHFPRs and additive consistent q-ROHFPRs based on q-ROHFSs, an additive consistency index and acceptable additive consistent q-ROHFPRs. Second, based on minimizing the deviation, we establish an acceptable goal programming model for unacceptable additive consistent q-ROHFPRs. Third, an iterative algorithm is created for achieving acceptable consistency and reaching a rational consensus. The degree of rational consensus among individual q-ROHFPRs is quantified by a distance-based consensus index. Afterward, a non-linear programming model is formulated to derive the priority vector of alternatives, which are q-rung orthopair hesitant fuzzy numbers (q-ROHFNs). Based on this model, a GDM model for q-ROHFPRs is then developed. To demonstrate the validity and utility of the proposed GDM model, a case study on the risk assessment of hypertension is provided. The finding of sensitivity and comparison analyses supports the feasibility and efficacy of the suggested approach.
A composition–decomposition based federated learning
Authors: Sun Chaoli , Wang Xiaojun , Ma Junwei , Xie Gang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFederated learning has been shown to be efficient for training a global model without needing to collect all data from multiple entities to the centralized server. However, the model performance, communication traffic, and data privacy and security are still the focus of federated learning after it has been developed. In this paper, a composition–decomposition based federated learning, denoted as CD-FL, is proposed. In the CD-FL approach, the global model, composed of K sub-models with the same framework, will be decomposed and broadcast to all clients. Each client will randomly choose a sub-model, update its parameters using its own dataset, and upload this sub-model to the server. All sub-models, including the sub-models before and after updating, will be clustered into K clusters to form the global model of the next round. Experimental results on Fashion-MNIST, CIFAR-10, EMNIST, and Tiny-IMAGENET datasets show the efficiency of the model performance and communication traffic of the proposed method.
Artificially applied late-terminal drought stress in the field differentially affects Ramularia leaf spot disease in winter barley
Authors: Hoheneder Felix , Groth Jennifer , Herz Markus , Hückelhoven Ralph 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRamularia leaf spot disease (RLS) is one of the most dominating fungal diseases in barley. The disease typically appears late in the season after flowering and results in a rapid loss of photosynthetic leaf area. A recent decline in fungicide efficacy and a lack of RLS-resistant cultivars hamper effective control. Global warming will provoke increasing droughts which influence host plant physiology and probably affect outbreak and severity of RLS. Relatively little is known about genetic resistance to RLS in winter barley and about the influence of various weather conditions and climate change on RLS pathogenesis. Hence, we evaluated severity of RLS on 15 winter barley genotypes under persistent late-terminal drought stress or controlled irrigation, respectively, in a field rainout shelter. Over three consecutive years, we observed reproducible differences in quantitative RLS field resistance of the used cultivars and variable suppression of RLS under drought. Our results support a function of drought in suppression of RLS in winter barley, but also reveal strong year effects even under semi-controlled rainout shelter conditions. Data may be relevant for genotype selection in breeding programmes for RLS resistance and for farmers in the frame of integrated disease management under a changing climate.
Graphical abstract
Die prämature Ovarialinsuffizienz
Authors: Anthon Christiane , Kohl Schwartz Alexandra 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDie prämature Ovarialinsuffizienz (POI) bedeutet für die Patientin einen frühzeitigen Verlust der ovariellen Funktion mit den kurz- und langfristigen Folgen des Östrogenmangels sowie niedrigen Schwangerschaftschancen. Mit einer Prävalenz von 1 % tritt dieses Krankheitsbild selten auf, hat jedoch fatale Auswirkungen für die Betroffenen. Oft stellt sich anfangs die Erkenntnis um die schwierige Situation bezüglich des Kinderwunschs als sehr belastend dar. Im Verlauf haben die Patientinnen dann zunehmend mit den Langzeitfolgen des Östrogenmangels für die kardiovaskuläre, kognitive sowie Knochengesundheit zu kämpfen. Umso wichtiger ist es, die Erkrankung frühzeitig zu diagnostizieren und die Patientinnen adäquat zu behandeln.
Biological control of the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora using bacteriophages
Authors: Gayder Steven , Kammerecker Sandrine , Fieseler Lars 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBacteriophages offer unique benefits for the specific control of Erwinia amylovora, the causative agent of fire blight in pome fruit. Unfortunately, the majority of described phages were tested for efficacy in vitro only. Data from infection assays using pear slices or detached blossoms is rare and field trials are barely reported. It remains to be studied if bacteriophages could control fire blight in the open field. This review summarizes current knowledge of different phages infecting E. amylovora. In addition, the requirements for a phage to optimally function as a biological antimicrobial agent in agriculture are discussed together with the ideal setup of field trials and the formulation of phages for best results.
Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy by linear stapler: A simple and feasible technique for difficult cases with severe cholecystitis. A case series
Authors: Noda Keisuke , Kuroki Tamotsu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSC) is recognized as a safe, feasible alternative method for avoiding common bile duct injuries in ’difficult’ gallbladders. We describe the details of an LSC technique that uses a linear stapler with the reconstituting method for severe cholecystitis.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 19 Japanese patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis who underwent LSC (Jan. 2017–Dec. 2020). In each patient, we first attempted to perform a standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Four trocars were inserted in all patients. When it was extremely difficult to expose and dissect the triangle of Calot or the neck of the gallbladder due to severe inflammation and fibrosis, an LSC was performed. The gallbladder was divided downward from the gallbladder fundus to the neck. We opened the gallbladder wall at the fundus and removed all gallstones with suction and saline flushing. The gallbladder was transected by a laparoscopic linear stapler.

Results
The median operation time was 166 min; intraoperative blood loss was 35 mL. One patient (5.3%) had minor bile leakage that promptly resolved after the transpapillary approach. The median postoperative hospital stay was 7 days.

Conclusion
Using a linear stapler to divide the gallbladder neck is a simple, feasible strategy for LSCs in difficult gallbladders.

Highlights
Limited evidence for structural balance in the family
Authors: Stein Jonas , Mandemakers Jornt , van de Rijt Arnout 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that relationship sentiments in families follow a pattern wherein either all maintain positive relationships or there are two antagonistic factions. This result is consistent with the network theory of structural balance that individuals befriend their friends’ friend and become enemies with their friends’ enemies. Fault lines in families would then endogenously emerge through the same kinds of interactional processes that organize nations into axis and allies. We argue that observed patterns may instead exogenously come about as the result of personal characteristics or homophilous partitions of family members. Disentangling these alternate theoretical possibilities requires longitudinal data. The present study tracks the sentiment dynamics of 1,710 families in a longitudinal panel study. Results show the same static patterns suggestive of balancing processes identified in earlier research, yet dynamic analysis reveals that conflict in families is not generated or resolved in accordance with balance theory.
Does issue importance attenuate partisan cue-taking?
Authors: Barber Michael , Pope Jeremy C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAre cues from party leaders so important that they can cause individuals to change their own issue positions to align with the party's position? Recent work on the importance of party cues suggests they do, especially given the literature on partisanship as a strong and persistent group identity. However, in this paper we test the limits of those partisan cues. Using a unique two-wave panel survey design we find that the effect of party cues is moderated by the prior level of importance individuals place on an issue. We find that when a person believes an issue area to be more important, party cues are less likely to move that citizen's position, particularly when the cue goes against partisan ideological norms. Our results show evidence that an individual's own issue positions—at least the important ones—can be resilient in the face of party cues.
Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D insufficiency in Brazilian children under 5 years of age: Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)
Authors: Normando Paula , de Castro Inês Rugani Ribeiro , Bezerra Flávia Fioruci , Berti Talita Lelis , Bertoni Neilane , Lacerda Elisa Maria de Aquino , Alves-Santos Nadya Helena , de Freitas Maiara Brusco , Kac Gilberto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo analyse the association of socio-demographic and health factors with vitamin D insufficiency and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration in Brazilian children aged 6–59 months. Data from 8145 children from the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) were analysed. The serum concentration of 25(OHD)D was measured using a chemiluminescent immunoassay. The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l) and 95 % CI was calculated. Logistic and linear regression models were used to identify the variables associated with vitamin D insufficiency and serum 25(OH)D concentrations, respectively. The mean 25(OH)D concentration was 98·6 ± 36·0 nmol/l, and 4·3 % of the children presented vitamin D insufficiency. Children aged 6–23 months (OR = 2·23; 95 % CI 1·52, 3·26); belonging to Southeast (OR = 5·55; 95 % CI 2·34, 13·17) and South (OR = 4·57; 95 % CI 1·77, 11·84) regions; the second tertile of the National Wealth Score (OR = 2·14; 95 % CI 1·16, 3·91) and winter (OR = 5·82; 95 % CI 2·67, 12·71) and spring (OR = 4·84; 95 % CI 2·17, 10·80) seasons of blood collection were associated with a higher chance of vitamin D insufficiency. Female sex (β = −5·66, 95 % CI − 7·81, −3·51), urban location (β = −14·19, 95 % CI −21·0, −7·22) and no vitamin D supplement use (β = −6·01, 95 % CI −9·64, −2·39) were inversely associated with serum 25(OH)D concentration. The age of children and the Brazilian geographical region of household location were the main predictors of vitamin D insufficiency. In Brazil, vitamin D insufficiency among children aged 6–59 months is low and is not a relevant public health problem.
The “Black sheep” of the early Daoxue community: the making of Xing Shu's historical image
Authors: Cheung Hiu Yu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBy focusing on a controversial figure in Northern Song China (960–1127), namely Xing Shu 邢恕, this paper traces the historiographical construction of particular scholar-officials in Chinese historical accounts. Xing Shu, one of the best students of the Daoxue 道學 master Cheng Yi 程頤 (1033–1107), was depicted in most historical writings as a betrayer of his teacher and a political opportunist, including in his biography in the official Song dynastic history. This article demonstrates how the testimonies of Xing Shu's contemporaries offered rich materials for the construction of his treacherous character in later written records. Through a careful examination of these testimonies, the article reveals various historiographical operations through which contemporary testimonies were modified and transformed into seemingly reliable documents of historical figures and thus passed to later generations.
Does exposure to democracy decrease health inequality?
Authors: Costa-Font Joan , Knust Niklas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExposure to (a liberal) democracy can have an impact on both the political attention and visibility of the needs of marginalized populations, as well as the design of health policies that can influence the distribution of population health. This paper investigates the effect of exposure to democracy, that is, the number of years spent in a democracy as measured by democracy indexes, on various measures of inequality in self-reported health across European countries. We use an instrumental variable strategy to leverage the potential endogeneity of a country’s exposure to democracy, drawing on both bivariate (socioeconomic) and univariate health inequality measures. Our estimates provide evidence that an additional year in a democracy reduces both bivariate (income-related) health inequality and overall (univariate) health inequality. Our preferred specification suggests a two-point rank reduction in inequality with an additional year under a democracy. The effect is mainly driven by a reduction of “health poverty” alongside other effects.