bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and Color Stability of Resin Infiltration on Demineralized and Hypomineralized (MIH) Enamel in Children: Six-month Results of a Prospective Trial
Authors: Ozgur B , Unverdi G Erbas , Ertan AA , Cehreli ZC 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARY

Introduction
To evaluate the masking effect and color stability of resin infiltration treatment in demineralized (white spot lesion) and hypomineralized (molar incisor hypomineralization) enamel lesions of young permanent anterior teeth.

Methods
Eighty-four (84) anterior teeth with molar incisor hypomineralization or white spot lesions were treated with resin infiltration. The CIE L*a*b* values of sound enamel and enamel lesions were assessed with spectrophotometer and digital image analysis at baseline, immediate postop, 1 week and 6 months. The difference in ΔL, Δa, Δb, and ΔE measurements between sound enamel and the enamel lesions was compared using the repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) test at p &lt; 0.05.

Results
The enamel lesions were clearly discernible from the sound adjacent enamel at baseline. After resin infiltration, there was a significant drop in ΔE values of sound enamel and enamel lesions compared to baseline, and this difference did not change for 6 months, indicating a durable masking effect. At baseline and after 6 months, there was no significant difference in the ΔE values of the test groups.

Conclusion
The demineralized and hypomineralized enamel defects were effectively masked by resin infiltration, which remained clinically stable for 6 months.
An analysis of team projects outcomes from student and instructor perspectives in online computing degrees
Authors: Olaniyi Nkaepe , Millward Douglas , Peoples Cathryn 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
One of the core aims of higher education degrees is to provide an environment for students to acquire essential skills that will help them in the workplace. Team working is one of those essential skill and it is also one that experience and research show is regularly resisted by students. This resistance can become even more amplified when the degree is delivered online, although some have pointed out that a good team provides much-needed community spirit and support in such environments. The purpose of this study is to review the delivery of a team assessment format that has been specifically designed for the online environment. The results presented provide insight into the student’s perspective on the delivery as well as the reflections of the instructors involved in the delivery. The overall outcome is positive for both parties and provides further guidance on implementation to ensure the pedagogical design continues to be viable. This includes insights into team composition, instructor involvement, and peer review scoring formats.
Implicações do Consumo Abusivo de Esteroides Anabolizantes na Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva Masculina
Authors: Santos Joana , Pereira Bruno Jorge 
Published: March 2023

O consumo de esteroides anabolizantes tem crescido exponencialmente nos últimos anos. O seu consumo crónico acarreta inúmeras consequências a nível do sistema cardiovascular, endocrinológico, psicológico e genitourinário.Opresente trabalho pretende fazer uma revisão sistemática sobre os efeitos nefastos dos esteroides anabolizantes na fertilidade masculina e na função sexual, nomeadamente no que concerne à disfunção erétil, ejaculatória e distúrbio da libido. Estas substâncias são frequentemente vendidas de forma ilegal em plataformas de comércio eletrónico sem prescrição médica e, por isso, é imperativo tentar solucionar o problema tanto a nível do controlo da venda livre, como a nível de terapêuticas para reverter ou melhorar os efeitos colaterais nos consumidores.
AXIOMATIZATION OF INTUITIONISTIC LOGICS DEFINED BY SMALL FRAMES
Authors: Башмаков С.И. , Голованов М.И. 
Published: March 2023

Исследуются табличные интуиционистские логики, семантически характеризуемые фреймами Крипке глубины не более 3 и ширины не более 2. Дана аксиоматизация основных таких логик, построена порожденная ими решетка. Известные методы позволяют, используя данные аксиоматизации, задать аксиоматику остальных логик решетки.
In this paper, we study the tabular intuitionistic logics semantically characterized by the Kripke frames of the depths no greater than 3 and widths no greater than 2. The axiomatization of such basic logics is given; the lattice generated by them is constructed. Known methods make it possible, using given axiomatization, to specify the axiomatic of the remaining logics from the lattice.
THE INVERSE PROBLEM OF RECOVERING A LEADING COEFFICIENT IN THE TWO–DIMENSIONAL HEAT EQUATION
Authors: Цыбиков Б.Н. 
Published: March 2023

Рассматривается обратная задача восстановления старшего коэффициента, не зависящего от одной из пространственных переменных y, в двумерном уравнении теплопроводности. В качестве условий переопределения рассматриваются значения решения на сечении области плоскостью $y = 0$. Решение ищется в классе функций, Фурье-образ которых по переменной y имеет компактный носитель по двойственной переменной. Получены условия существования и единственности решений в данном классе.
We consider the inverse problem of recovering a leading coefficient independent of one of the spatial variable y in the two-dimensional heat equation. The overdetermination data is the values of the solution on the cross-section of the domain by the hyperplane $y=0$. The solution is sought in the class of functions whose Fourier image in the variable y is compactly supported in the dual variable. Existence and uniqueness conditions of the solution to this problem in this class are established.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ДИНАМИКИ ФОРМЫ ПЛОСКОГО ТЕЛА ИЗ КОВКОГО МЕТАЛЛА ПРИ ИЗОТРОПНОЙ БОМБАРДИРОВКЕ ЧАСТИЦАМИ ПЕСКА
Authors: Матвеев А.И. , Осипов Д.А. , Осипов Д.Р. , Яковлев Б.В. 
Published: March 2023

Первоначальная форма зерен золота, встречающихся в природе, в большинстве случаев имеет форму плоской пластины (чешуйчатую форму). Поэтому при пневмосепарации часто наблюдается торовидная форма кусков золота. При сепарировании форма зерен в виде тора считается наиболее эффективной, тем самым актуальна задача расчета времени образования торовидной формы куска золота. В настоящей работе рассматривается эволюция деформируемой поверхности плоского диска из ковкого металла при изотропной бомбардировке его поверхности мелкими частицами. Разработана математическая модель эволюции поверхности диска. Получено дифференциальное уравнение, описывающее изменение деформируемой поверхности круглого диска, которое решается численным методом Рунге–Кутты. Решение уравнения описывает деформируемую поверхность тела в зависимости от времени. Из результатов исследования следует, что наиболее устойчивой торовиднойформы, при которой деформируемая поверхность достигает максимального значения, тело достигает достаточно быстро, затем наступает более медленное изменение поверхности до шаровидной формы. Оценено время образования торовидной формы диска при определенных параметрах исследуемой системы. Результаты могут быть использованы при разработках более точных моделей эволюции плоских тел при бомбардировке их поверхности мелкими частицами.
Regime and State in the Struggle for Russian Modernization
Authors: Robinson Neil 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Russia’s need to modernize in order both to provide for its peoples and deliver on the ambitions of its rulers are perennial. The articles in this special edition speak to the difficulties that Russia has in modernizing and the hybridity that it demonstrates as modernization and economic development have been shaped by compromise and historical legacies. This introductory article introduces some of these themes by looking at how Russia has reproduced forms of what are called ‘regime-supporting economy’, forms of economy that generate resources to support particular political configurations in power whilst limiting resource accumulation, redistribution and institution-building that can deal with all of the tasks that face the Russian state.
The Contradictions in Putin’s Economic Nationalism: From Western Partner to Fortress Russia
Authors: Rutland Peter 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article charts the trajectory of Putin’s economic policy. All countries face the challenge of preserving national interests and identity while reaping the benefits of global economic integration. These pressures are particularly acute in the case of Russia, given its historical legacy as a global superpower. From the outset, Putin’s pragmatic embrace of global integration and market incentives was in tension with his authoritarian centralization of power at home and hostility towards the West abroad. Up until 2008, Putin was able to keep these two conflicting worldviews, and rival policy teams, in balance. But after 2012, geopolitical confrontation won out over economic development, culminating in the reckless invasion of Ukraine in February 2022.
Innovative ideas in engineering psychology and cognitive ergonomics (to the 95th anniversary of B.F. Lomov)
Authors: Spasennikov Valeriy 
Published: March 2023

The main milestones of the scientific biography of Boris Fedorovich Lomov, one of the founders and pioneers in the field of engineering and psychological research in domestic science, the first director of the Institute of Psychology (Moscow), created by the scientist in the system of the Academy of Sciences, are highlighted. The article states, that the formation of engineering psychology and ergonomics in our country is associated with the needs of scientific and technological progress, the wide development of space and military-technical developments.
The article reviews B.F. Lomov’s main works in the field of engineering psychology and cognitive ergonomics (mental cognitive processes), developing methodological and theoretical principles of Russian psychology. The strategic promising areas of research being carried out in the scientific laboratories of the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which celebrated its 50th anniversary in December 2021, are presented.
It is concluded that the productive use of B.F. Lomov’s concepts gives the opportunity to the successors of his ideas to keep up with the times and solve scientific problems in the field of engineering psychology and cognitive ergonomics in accordance with modern demands of practice in the triad: theory-experiment-practice.
Collaborative clinical reasoning: a scoping review
Authors: Lee Ching-Yi , Lai Hung-Yi , Lee Ching-Hsin , Chen Mi-Mi , YAU Sze-Yuen 
Published: March 2023

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<p>Team approaches in healthcare settings is beneficial for maximising clinical outcomes and patient safety. A scoping review was undertaken to examine collaborative clinical reasoning (CCR) related studies in healthcare. Medline, PsychInfo, SciVerse Scopus, and Web of Science were searched to include full-text articles published between 2011 to 2020. Search terms included cooperative, collaborative, shared, team, collective, reasoning, problem solving, decision making, combined with clinical or medicine or medical, but excluded shared decision making. A total of 24 articles were identified in the review. Analysis of the articles resulted in four major content themes: (1) Decision-making process (n=14); (2) Quality assessment by MDTs-MODe (Multidisciplinary Team-Metric for the Observation of Decision Making; n=5) (3) CCR theory and definitions(n=3); and (4) Problem-solving process (n=2). Most articles focused on communication associated with collaborative decision-making processes. None provided direct evidence on the process of CCR or its impact on clinical outcomes. CCR describes the process of reaching a shared mental model where members in a healthcare team can arrive at a solution more efficiently by anticipating other members’ responses and needs. This evidence also suggests that team-based care has important implications for medical diagnosis and decision-making. Our results illuminate the necessity of further research in CCR, specifically with a focus on cognitive components of CCR. A better understanding of current CCR research in healthcare may inform future discussions around establishing strategies to enhance CCR development, and hence provide positive influence on medical education and patient safety.</p>
Doing Barzakh, Making Boza
Authors: Bajalia A. George 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As growing numbers of migrants wait in Morocco to continue their journeys northwards, the social consequences of this time spent ‘en route’ should be further considered. This time spent waiting fosters new claims to belonging and political identity as would-be migrants to Europe become immigrants to Morocco. This article recounts ethnographically how forms of community emerge amongst im/migrants in Tangier through forms of shared difference and labours. In these borderlands, immigrants use terms such as ‘making boza’ and ‘crossing al-barzakh’ to describe the temporal stance of waiting. In Islam, al-barzakh refers to the firmament separating life and death. This article brings these concepts into discussion with anthropological conceptualisations of liminality to query how forms of being-in-common emerge alongside promises of inclusion and threats of exclusion.
Discreet Diplomacy
Authors: Garsten Christina , Sörbom Adrienne 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article aims to expand both the analytical gaze of diplomacy studies and anthropological interests in the field of transnational think tanks, advocacy and policy advice. Drawing on ethnographic data from three such organisations, it investigates secrecy practices, focussing on how such practices amount to discreet diplomatic efforts. In a variety of ways, secrecy is utilised as a resource in foreign relations and diplomacy; it is a means to leverage status and influence. Although outwardly striving for transparency, think tanks use secrecy practices in their effort to establish themselves as actors of consequence in foreign relations and diplomatic circles. The practices of secrecy are part and parcel of the power games such organisations play, in which all participants learn and master what to discuss and what to keep silent about. These practices, however, pose a clear challenge to matters of accountability and transparency.
The International Criminal Court as a 'Transitional Justice' Mechanism in Africa: Some Critical Reflections
Authors: Okafor Obiora C. , Ngwaba Uchechukwu 
Published: March 2023

<p>Much scholarly writing on the International Criminal Court (ICC) gives the impression that the Court can function effectively as a primary transitional justice mechanism in Africa, and that it should, indeed, be deployed more or less frequently, liberally and robustly as such. But to what extent can this manner and degree of utilization of the ICC advance the cause of transitional justice on the continent? What, in any case, does transitional justice mean when situated within the broad African context? The article argues that transitional justice orthodoxy in Africa, more so than elsewhere, tends to present itself as significantly more monolithic, stable and settled than it actually is. In addition, it argues that while the ICC’s increasingly central role in transitional justice can lead to some positive consequences, it can also lead to a number of negative effects. The article thus urges a deliberate and systematic attempt to reconceptualize and recalibrate the ICC’s role as a transitional justice agent on the African continent.</p>
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Digital imaging and qPCR analysis and comparison of short-term plaque removal effects of toothbrushing
Authors: Luo Yuanyuan , Wang Danni , Li Yuxiao , Geng Dezhi , Yu Bei , Zhao Yueping , Xiang Qi 
Published: March 2023

PurposeDigital imaging technology and a real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) were used to determine the changes in dental plaque caused by different toothbrushing tools.MethodsA total of 120 subjects were selected and divided into four groups: a manual toothbrush group, a manual toothbrush combined with an oral irrigator group, an electric toothbrush combined with an oral irrigator group, and an electric toothbrush group. We compared the changes in plaque count, plaque area, and colony colonization of the four groups after different cleaning tools had been used for a period of time.ResultsDental plaque count and plaque area decreased in all four groups. The decreases in plaque count and Streptococcus mutans in the electric toothbrush combined with an oral irrigator group were significantly higher than those in other groups.ConclusionElectric toothbrush combined with an oral irrigator shows a good result for plaque removal effect. Digital image analysis combined with biological methods can be used to evaluate dental plaque.
High GTSE1 expression promotes cell proliferation, metastasis and cisplatin resistance in ccRCC and is associated with immune infiltrates and poor prognosis
Authors: Lei Pu , Zhang Mengzhao , Li Yan , Wang Ziming 
Published: March 2023

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the most common and fatal form of kidney cancer, accounting for 80% of new cases. Although it has been reported that GTSE1 is highly expressed in a variety of tumors and associated with malignant progression and poor clinical prognosis, its clinical significance, correlations with immune cell infiltration and biological function in ccRCC are still poorly understood.Methods: The gene expression, clinicopathological features, and clinical significance of GTSE1 were analyzed using multiple databases, including TCGA, GEO, TIMER, and UALCAN Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, gene set enrichment analysis gene ontology enrichment Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were performed. Tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immunomodulators were extracted and analyzed using TCGA-KIRC profiles. Protein‒protein interactions were built using the STRING website. The protein level of GTSE1 in ccRCC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry using a ccRCC tissue chip. Finally, MTT assays, colony-formation assays, cell flow cytometry analyses, EdU-staining assays, wound-healing assays, and transwell migration and invasion assays were conducted to assess the biological function of GTSE1 in vitro.Results: GTSE1 was overexpressed in ccRCC tissues and cells, and GTSE1 overexpression was associated with adverse clinical-pathological factors and poor clinical prognosis. Meanwhile, the functional enrichment analysis indicated that GTSE1 and its coexpressed genes were mainly related to the cell cycle, DNA replication, and immunoreaction, such as T-cell activation and innate immune response, through multiple signaling pathways, including the P53 signaling pathway and T-cell receptor signaling pathway. Furthermore, we observed a significant relationship between GTSE1 expression and the levels of infiltrating immune cells in ccRCC. Biological functional studies demonstrated that GTSE1 could promote the malignant progression of ccRCC by promoting cell proliferation, cell cycle transition, migration, and invasion capacity and decreasing the sensitivity of ccRCC cells to cisplatin.Conclusion: Our results indicate that GTSE1, serving as a potential oncogene, can promote malignant progression and cisplatin resistance in ccRCC. Additionally, high GTSE1 expression contributes to an increased level of immune cell infiltration and is associated with a worse prognosis, providing a potential target for tumor therapy in ccRCC.
Effect of monovalency on anti-contactin-1 IgG4
Authors: Taieb Guillaume , Jentzer Alexandre , Vegezzi Elisa , Lleixà Cinta , Illa Isabel , Querol Luis , Devaux Jérôme J. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionAutoimmune nodopathies (AN) have been diagnosed in a subset of patients fulfilling criteria for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) who display no or poor response to intravenous immunoglobulins. Biomarkers of AN are autoantibodies, mainly IgG4, directed against the ternary paranodal complex composed by neurofascin-155, contactin-1 (CNTN1), and Contactin-associated-protein-1 (CASPR1) or against the nodal isoforms of neurofascin. IgG4 can undergo a Fab-arm exchange (FAE) which results in functionally monovalent antibody. This phenomenon differentially affects the pathogenicity of IgG4 depending on the target of autoantibodies. Here, we have evaluated this issue by examining the impact of valency on anti-CNTN1 IgG4 which induces paranodal destruction through a function blocking activity.MethodsSera were obtained from 20 patients with AN associated with anti-CNTN1 antibodies. The proportion of monospecific/bispecific anti-CNTN1 antibodies was estimated in each patient by ELISA by examining the ability of serum antibodies to cross-link untagged CNTN1 with biotinylated CNTN1. To determine the impact of monovalency, anti-CNTN1 IgG4 were enzymatically digested into monovalent Fab and tested in vitro on cell aggregation assay. Also, intraneural injections were performed to determine whether monovalent Fab and native IgG4 may penetrate paranode, and antibody infiltration was monitored 1- and 3-days post injection.Results and discussionWe found that the percentage of monospecific antibodies were lower than 5% in 14 out of 20 patients (70%), suggesting that IgG4 have undergone extensive FAE in situ. The levels of monospecific antibodies correlated with the titers of anti-CNTN1 antibodies. However, no correlation was found with clinical severity, and patients with low or high percentage of monospecific antibodies similarly showed a severe phenotype. Native anti-CNTN1 IgG4 were shown to inhibit the interaction between cells expressing CNTN1/CASPR1 and cells expressing neurofascin-155 using an in vitro aggregation assay. Similarly, monovalent Fab significantly inhibited the interaction between CNTN1/CASPR1 and neurofascin-155. Intraneural injections of Fab and native anti-CNTN1 IgG4 indicated that both mono- and bivalent anti-CNTN1 IgG4 potently penetrated the paranodal regions and completely invaded this region by day 3. Altogether, these data indicate anti-CNTN1 IgG4 are mostly bispecific in patients, and that functionally monovalent anti-CNTN1 antibodies have the pathogenic potency to alter paranode.