bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive sensor placement selection and response reconstruction for bridge structural health monitoring
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Li Teng , Fu Jiaqi , Yang Yu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Bridge structural health monitoring (SHM) measures the real-time responses of bridges via instrumented sensors. This paper focuses on the bridge displacement reconstruction at unmeasured locations of interest (LoIs) using measurements from sensors. Increasing the number of sensors on the bridge can capture more structural information. However, considering the complex structure and scale of bridges, minimizing the number of sensors and selecting the critical sensing locations (CSLs) to place sensors for measurements are significant in bridge SHM. To achieve efficient bridge SHM under limited number of sensors, this paper proposes an adaptive sensor selection and reconstruction neural network for determining the CSLs and reconstructing at all LoIs. In particular, a novel adaptive location selection mechanism as well as a unified network model and its learning process is proposed. In the experiments, the proposed model is validated based on a real-world case study of a long-span bridge in California, USA. Through the comparison of different sensor placement schemes. The experimental results show that the proposed model is effective and accurate in reconstructing the structural displacement responses via adaptive sensor selection for bridge SHM.
Electric field measurements in a He:N2 atmospheric pressure RF plasma jet by E-FISH
Authors: Orel I , Lepikhin N D , Luggenhölscher D , Czarnetzki U 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The electric field in the bulk of a self-sustained radio frequency atmospheric plasma jet (RF-APPJ) in a helium:nitrogen mixture is measured for the first time, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, by electric field induced second harmonic generation (E-FISH). It is shown that the electric field in the bulk of the RF-APPJ is unexpectedly high, having an amplitude of about 1.6 kV

cm

−
1

, and that it exhibits a phase shift of approximately

−
0.2
π

relative to the voltage waveform. Both findings are in contrast to low pressure capacitively coupled plasmas (CCPs), where the bulk electric field is negligible and the phase shift between the current and the voltage equals approximately to

−
π

/

2

. The electron density in the bulk is estimated from the measured phase shift between the electric field, i.e. the conduction current in the bulk, and the applied voltage by using an equivalent RC-circuit model for the discharge. The measured reduced electric field combined with the estimated electron density in the middle of the jet is used to calibrate the values of excitation rates of the

N

2

(

C

3

Π
u

)

state obtained by phase resolved optical emission spectroscopy in arbitrary units. The results of the electric field measurements are proposed as an input for numerical models or as a benchmark for calculations. Last but not least, special attention was paid to the calibration of the E-FISH measurement in a discharge powered by AC voltage, which takes into account artifacts supposedly caused by the windows of the setup.
Study on time-frequency domain characteristics and cross-media communication of laser acoustic signals based on optical breakdown mechanism
Authors: Zhang Tongchang , Cao Xiaolong , Du Yuchen , Yao Jianquan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cross-media communication is a hot research issue at present. The use of sound waves generated by laser induced sound mechanism for cross-media communication is a new topic proposed in recent years. It is of great significance to study the characteristics of laser acoustic signal and the feasibility study for cross-media detection. The time-frequency characteristics and directivity of the laser induced sound signal are studied on the self-built experimental platform. The results show that the pulse duration of the laser acoustic signal is about 2 × 10−4 s, and the peak frequency is about 14.9 ± 0.75 kHz. And the signal strength perpendicular to the water surface is the weakest, so it has a good horizontal distance transmission ability. This paper verifies the detection system of trans-air-sea interface communication and trans-air-sea interface communication based on laser sound and conducts the communication experiment of laser acoustic signal. By modulating laser energy, the underwater acoustic signal is modulated in time domain, and the signal communication with 0-bit error rate of 8 bps within the meter is realized. The detection threshold of acoustic signal is calculated to be 44.9 dB re 1μpa after horizontal transmission of 1 km. The analysis and simulation of water surface micro-motion based on laser induced sound are carried out. The results show that the wave crest of water surface generated by laser acoustic signal through underwater reflection reaches the order of micron and can be detected by radar. The surface wave intensity is little affected by the depth of detection, so it could work in deep water. This study provides a certain experimental and theoretical basis for laser communication across the air and sea interface.
Ultra slow-roll with a black hole
Authors: Croney Lewis , Gregory Ruth , Patrick Sam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We investigate ultra slow-roll inflation with a seed black hole in a de Sitter background.
By numerically tracking transitions from slow-roll to ultra slow-roll inflation, we find that quasi-normal mode solutions of the scalar field are excited following the decay of the slow-roll attractor, depending on the mass of the black hole.
For small black holes, the picture is similar to standard inflation with the usual damping of the scalar field; with a large black hole, we find that the ringing modes dominate. It is believed that the transition to ultra slow-roll in the pure inflationary case enhances the peak of the primordial power spectrum, thereby increasing the likelihood of primordial black hole formation. We comment on how the novel ringing behaviour due to the seed black hole might impact on cosmological perturbations.
ANNZ+: an enhanced photometric redshift estimation algorithm with applications on the PAU survey
Authors: Pathi Imdad Mahmud , Soo John Y.H. , Wee Mao Jie , Zakaria Sazatul Nadhilah , Ismail Nur Azwin , Baugh Carlton M. , Manzoni Giorgio , Gaztanaga Enrique , Castander Francisco J. , Eriksen Martin , Carretero Jorge , Fernandez Enrique , Garcia-Bellido Juan , Miquel Ramon , Padilla Cristobal , Renard Pablo , Sanchez Eusebio , Sevilla-Noarbe Ignacio , Tallada-Crespí Pau 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

annz is a fast and simple algorithm which utilises artificial neural networks (ANNs), it was known as one of the pioneers of machine learning approaches to photometric redshift estimation decades ago. We enhanced the algorithm by introducing new activation functions like tanh, softplus, SiLU, Mish and ReLU variants; its new performance is then vigorously tested on legacy samples like the Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) and Stripe-82 samples from SDSS, as well as modern galaxy samples like the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS). This work focuses on testing the robustness of activation functions with respect to the choice of ANN architectures, particularly on its depth and width, in the context of galaxy photometric redshift estimation. Our upgraded algorithm, which we named annz+, shows that the tanh and Leaky ReLU activation functions provide more consistent and stable results across deeper and wider architectures with > 1 per cent improvement in root-mean-square error (σ
RMS) and 68th percentile error (σ
68) when tested on SDSS data sets. While assessing its capabilities in handling high dimensional inputs, we achieved an improvement of 11 per cent in σ
RMS and 6 per cent in σ
68 with the tanh activation function when tested on the 40-narrowband PAUS dataset; it even outperformed annz2, its supposed successor, by 44 per cent in σ
RMS. This justifies the effort to upgrade the 20-year-old annz, allowing it to remain viable and competitive within the photo-z community today. The updated algorithm annz+ is publicly available at https://github.com/imdadmpt/ANNzPlus.
Exploring the swimming performance and the physical mechanisms of Tomopteris locomotion
Authors: Battista Nicholas A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Tomopterids are mesmerizing holopelagic swimmers. They use two modes of locomotion simultaneously: drag-based metachronal paddling and bodily undulation. Tomopteris has two rows of flexible, leg-like parapodia positioned on opposite sides of its body. Each row metachronally paddles out of phase to the other. Both paddling behaviors occur in concert with a lateral bodily undulation. However, when looked at independently, each mode appears in tension with the other. The direction of the undulatory wave is opposite of what one may expect for forward (FWD) swimming and appears to actively work act against the direction of swimming initiated by metachronal paddling. To investigate how these two modes of locomotion synergize to generate effective swimming, we created a self-propelled, fluid-structure interaction model of an idealized Tomopteris. We holistically explored swimming performance over a 3D mechanospace comprising parapodia length, paddling amplitude, and undulatory amplitude using a machine learning framework based on polynomial chaos expansions. Although undulatory amplitude minimally affected FWD swimming speeds, it helped mitigate the larger costs of transport that arise from either using more mechanically expensive (larger) paddling amplitudes and/or having longer parapodia.
Evolution of long scalp hair in humans
Authors: Chang Lo-Yu , Plikus Maksim V , Jablonski Nina G , Lin Sung-Jan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The ability to grow long scalp hair is a distinct human characteristic. It probably originally evolved to aid in cooling the sun-exposed head, although the genetic determinants of long hair are largely unknown. Despite ancestral variations in hair growth, long scalp hair is common to all extant human populations, which suggests its emergence before or concurrently with the emergence of anatomically modern humans (AMHs), approximately 300 000 years ago. Long scalp hair in AMHs was also a trait that was selected because it conveyed essential signals related to an individual’s age, sexual maturity, health and social status. Biologically, hair length is primarily determined by the amount of time that a hair follicle spends in the active growth phase (anagen). While anagen duration is typically tightly regulated in most mammals, the inherent ability of a hair follicle to continuously recruit new dividing progenitors to its base, where hair fibre is generated, theoretically removes limits on maximal anagen duration. We propose a model wherein hair cycle progression into and out of anagen is regulated by evolutionary malleable molecular checkpoints. Several animal species and domesticated animal breeds display long body hair, which suggests that extremely long scalp hair in humans emerged via attenuation of an existing out-of-anagen checkpoint mechanism rather than via a newly evolved molecular programme. Studying congenital and somatic mosaicism conditions featuring altered hair length could potentially unveil the currently unknown molecular basis underlying this human trait.
Computational simulation study of flow dynamics in plga microsphere generation using lab-on-a-chip for prostatic embolisation
Authors: Gómez Blanco J C , Sánchez Peralta L F , Patrocinio Caballero D , Sun F , Lucas Cava V , Pagador Carrasco J B , Sánchez Margallo F M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Transarterial chemoembolisation is a therapeutic approach for vascularised tumours, such as prostate tumours, involving the administration of drug-eluting microspheres. Its efficacy arises from the combined effects of anti-tumour drugs and blood flow occlusion. Microspheres are now commonly generated using lab-on-a-chip systems. This study presents a computational simulation model to evaluate the input flow conditions required to produce PLGA microspheres of specific sizes.

Methods
The simulations were conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.5, with rheological data for PLGA and the continuous phase derived from prior studies. The chip design was based on standard commercial double-T models, featuring 300 µm inlet and 500 µm outlet channels. Eight simulations were performed, varying the input velocity ratio (Rv = Vc/Vd) while maintaining a constant Vd of 8 mm/s. The evaluated ratios included: 1.500, 1.750, 1.875, 2.000, 2.125, 2.250, 2.375, and 2.500.

Results
The findings indicate that no microspheres are generated at Rv values below 1.875 or above 2.375. For intermediate ratios, microsphere sizes ranged from 240 to 275 µm, with droplet generation rates of 32 to 37 spheres per second for Rv values between 1.750 and 2.250, respectively.

Conclusion
This computational simulation system provides a rapid method for evaluating flow conditions. For the proposed chip geometry, it is possible to generate an average of 35 microspheres per second with a diameter of 250 µm in PLGA.
Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy: a complex operation
Authors: Perra T , Porcu A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
The only potentially curative treatment for cholangiocarcinoma is surgical resection (R0). In select cases, this involves complex interventions such as hepatopancreatoduodenectomy.

Clinical case
A 67-year-old male was admitted with obstructive jaundice due to extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, classified as Type IV according to the Bismuth-Corlette system. Preoperative percutaneous biliary drainage was performed. Following a multidisciplinary discussion, a super-extended right hepatectomy (segments 1-4-5-6-7-8) was planned. Three weeks before surgery, selective embolization of the right branch of the portal vein was carried out. Residual liver volume, measured using 3D liver reconstruction software, was 27%. The patient had chronic liver disease, and an indocyanine green test was conducted, yielding an R15 of 9.5%. The patient underwent super-extended right hepatectomy, complete excision of the extrahepatic bile duct, and simultaneous pancreaticoduodenectomy due to tumor involvement of the distal common bile duct, as confirmed by intraoperative frozen section. Consequently, the surgery performed was classified as a hepatopancreatoduodenectomy. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed moderately differentiated cholangiocarcinoma, 15 negative nodes, and micronodular cirrhosis. The postoperative course was complicated by transient liver failure, which was managed with medical therapy, and delayed gastric emptying. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 58 without chemotherapy. After 34 months, the patient remains in stable health.

Discussion
Hepatopancreatoduodenectomy is a complex operation that requires meticulous surgical planning, rapid identification, and careful management of potential complications, particularly in patients with chronic liver disease.
Bioinformatic analysis of the therapeutic potential of the secretome released by menstrual blood-derived stromal cells (menscs) as an adjuvant in the treatment of ovarian cancer
Authors: De Pedro M Á , Pulido M , Álvarez V , Marchena A M , Sánchez-Margallo F M , López E 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Treatment of ovarian cancer (OC) usually consists of a combination of surgery and chemotherapy, with carboplatin, often in combination with paclitaxel, being the most employed drug regimen. While effective, this approach has significant side effects and is associated with long-term chemoresistance, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic strategies. This study aims to evaluate, through in silico methods, the therapeutic potential of the secretome from menstrual blood-derived stromal cells (MenSCs) as a potential adjuvant to conventional OC therapy.

Methods
MenSCs (n=5) were cultured in DMEM with 1% ITS for 48 hours. The resulting conditioned medium was ultrafiltered (3 kDa) to obtain the secretome (S-MenSCs), which was then analysed using transcriptomics and proteomics. Bioinformatics tools were employed to identify OC-associated genes using DisGeNET, drug target genes via DGIdb, and to predict protein and miRNA interactions with these drug target genes using FunRich and miRTargetLink2.0, respectively. NcDR was used to establish miRNAs related to drug resistance. Subsequently, the proteins and miRNAs from S-MenSCs were compared with those previously identified, and various interaction networks were constructed using Cytoscape.

Results
S-MenSCs contained approximately one third of the proteins and miRNAs that interact with the target genes of both chemotherapeutics. Of these, 14 miRNAs were identified as chemosensitizers for paclitaxel.

Conclusion
S-MenSCs hold promise as an adjuvant agent, potentially allowing for the reduction of chemotherapeutic doses, thus decreasing adverse effects and overcoming chemoresistance, as determined in silico.
OP28 Anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies are detected in preclinical, incident and established colonic Crohn’s disease
Authors: Livanos A , Ganjian D Y , Acharya A A , Chiramel M J , Dunn A , Bloemen H , Ostroff J , Bourgonje A R , Chen X , Dunkin D , Ungaro R C , Shapiro J M , Shah S A , Sands B E , Laird R M , Porter C K , Suarez-Farinas M , Argmann C , Torres J , Dervieux T , Vermeire S , Verstockt B , Colombel J F , Mehandru S 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Anti-integrin αvβ6 autoantibodies (anti-αvβ6) are present in up to 90% of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and predate disease development, but there is a paucity of data regarding anti-αvβ6 in Crohn’s disease (CD). We hypothesized that anti-αvβ6 would be present in colonic CD given the shared biological characteristics with UC.

Methods
We measured anti-αvβ6 IgG in peripheral blood samples from seven distinct cohorts representing diverse ethnic backgrounds, geographical locations and stages of disease including preclinical, incident and established IBD as well as non-IBD controls (HC). Seropositivity was defined as greater than the log10 transformed mean + 2 standard deviations of HC. We determined associations with CD disease location (L1: Ileal, L2: colonic, L3: ileocolonic), disease activity, fecal calprotectin and pANCA.

Results
We assessed for anti-αvβ6 in adult and pediatric subjects from Mount Sinai Hospital (MSH), NY (MSCCR-adult, n=599 and pediatric, n=75). Anti-αvβ6 levels as well as seropositivity were significantly higher in adult CD (16%) compared to HC (2%) (P=0.0330, P&lt;0.0001), but lower than in UC (64%) (Fig. 1A-B). In the Pediatric cohort, we observed similar results with CD seropositivity (22%) greater than HC (0%) (P=0.0073), but lower than UC (79%) (Fig. 1C-D). Next, we examined anti-αvβ6 by CD location. Patients with L2 disease had higher levels than L1 across all cohorts including 2 incident cohorts (MSCCR P&lt;0.0001; Pediatric P=0.0531; COMPASS n=81, P&lt;0.0001; OSCCAR n=167, P=0.0099), while patients with L3 disease had intermediate levels (Fig. E-H). These findings were validated in an independent cohort (Prometheus n=730) using a commercially available ELISA kit (MBL) (Fig. 1I). A significant positive correlation between anti-αvβ6 and pANCA was observed in L2 CD and L3 CD (Spearman r=0.52, P&lt;0.0001; r=0.46, P=0.0012) but not L1 CD (Fig. 1J). In the Leuven cohort (n=163), anti-αvβ6 levels were significantly higher in those with moderate-severe disease activity (SES-CD≥7) and in those with elevated fecal calprotectin (≥150μg/g) (P=0.0024, P=0.0057) (Fig. 1K-L). Finally, in the PREDICTs cohort, anti-αvβ6 were significantly higher in CD subjects compared to HC at all 4 timepoints (n=824) including up to 10 years before diagnosis (Fig. 2A-B) and when stratifying by location, this was primarily driven by patients who develop L2 disease (Fig. 2C).

Conclusion
In patients with CD, anti-αvβ6 differentiate colonic from ileal disease and predate clinical disease by up to 10 years, potentially serving as a novel biomarker for clinical and preclinical colonic CD.
OP33 Efficacy and safety of subcutaneous guselkumab induction therapy in patients with moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease: Results through Week 48 from the phase 3 GRAVITI study
Authors: Hart A , Panaccione R , Steinwurz F , Danese S , Hisamatsu T , Cao Q , Olurinde M , Vetter M L , Yang Z , Wang Y , Johanns J , Terry N A , Sands B E , D’Haens G 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Guselkumab (GUS) is a dual-acting IL-23p19 subunit inhibitor that was efficacious in phase 3 trials (GALAXI 2/3) of pts with CD using IV induction and SC maintenance. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of GUS SC induction/maintenance in GRAVITI, a phase 3 treat-through trial in pts with moderately to severely active CD.

Methods
Eligible pts had a history of inadequate response or intolerance to oral corticosteroids, AZA, 6-MP, MTX, or biologics (BIO-IR). Randomization was stratified by baseline (BL) CDAI, SES-CD, and BIO-IR status, with 347 pts allocated 1:1:1 to GUS 400mg SC q4w (x3)→GUS 200mg SC q4w (N=115), GUS 400mg SC q4w (x3)→GUS 100mg SC q8w (N=115), or PBO (N=117). Pts were rescued at Wk16: PBO pts switched to GUS, and GUS pts stayed on GUS per treat-through design (sham rescue). The co-primary endpoints were clinical remission at Wk12 and endoscopic response at Wk12. Other multiplicity-controlled endpoints were clinical remission at Wk24, PRO-2 remission at Wk12, clinical response at Wk12, clinical remission at Wk48, and endoscopic response at Wk48. All endpoints assessed through Wk12 compared the combined GUS 400mg SC treatment arm to PBO; assessments after Wk12 compared each GUS SC maintenance regimen to PBO. All pts who met rescue criteria were considered not to have met efficacy endpoints after Wk16. Safety was assessed through Wk48.

Results
BL characteristics were similar across groups (overall mean age, 37.5yrs; mean CD disease duration, 8.0yrs; mean CDAI, 296.9; mean SES-CD, 12.0; BIO-IR, 46.4%).
The co-primary and all multiplicity-controlled endpoints were met. GUS 400mg SC induction demonstrated superiority to PBO at Wk12. Both SC maintenance dose regimens were also superior to PBO at Wks 24 and 48 (Figure). In prespecified analyses of subpopulations defined by prior biologic history, greater proportions of GUS-treated pts achieved the endpoints than PBO.
Key safety event rates per 100 pt years through Wk48 were similar among groups (Table). Proportions of GUS-treated pts experiencing ≥1 serious AE or AE leading to discontinuation of study agent were not greater than PBO. The numbers of GUS-treated pts with serious infections or AEs of special interest were low.

Conclusion
GRAVITI established the efficacy of GUS SC induction followed by SC maintenance in CD. These results build on the GALAXI 2/3 data and demonstrate that both IV and SC induction are efficacious. Safety findings were consistent with the known safety profile of GUS in approved indications.