bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Nanomouthwash Ekstrak Rimpang Kunyit (Curcuma domesticaVal.) Sebagai Pengobatan Sariawan
Authors: Noval Noval , Giovanni Giovanni Ulima Nibras , Tuti Tuti Alawiyah 
Published: February 2023

Background: Turmeric rhizome extract (Curcuma domestica Val.) is a plant that contains curcumin compounds that have the potential to be antioxy and useful for healing canker sores. Current pharmaceutical technology continues to develop, one of which is in particles that are made smaller into nanoparticles as a drug delivery system where the particle size or globule that is reduced in the mouthwash is changed to be smaller and called nanomouthwash to improve the quality of absropsy in the use of mouthwash. Objective: : Knowing the physical quality of nanomouthwash preparations from turmeric rhizome extract (Curcuma domestica Val.) as a treatment of thrush and knowing the stability of the formulation of nanomouthwash preparations from turmeric rhizome extract as a treatment of Ulce.. Methods: The research method used is quasi-experimental time series design. nanomouthwash preparations of turmeric rhizome extract are made in 1 formulation with an extract concentration of 6.96 grams with Characteristic Evaluation and Physical Evaluation. Result: Evaluation of Characteristics which includes Evaluation of Particle Size worth 20.4 nm, PI worth 0.39 and Zeta Potential -5.5 mV while in Physical Evaluation obtained results which include Evaluation of Organoleptical, pH, Homogeneity and Viscosity have been appropriate in Stability Tests at room temperature and cold temperature. Conclusion: : Characteristic Evaluation and Physical Evaluation get the appropriate results and Stability Tests at room temperature and cold temperatures have an effect on pH and Viscosity evaluations, especially on days 14 and 21.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIJAMUR EKSTRAK DAUN (Ipomoea carnea Jacq) TERHADAP Candida albicans
Authors: Fikayuniar Lia , Abriyani Ermi , Ferdiansah Rizmayanti Intan , Sumiyati Sumiyati , Sianipar Santa Regina , Aziza Selvia 
Published: February 2023

Infectious diseases can be transmitted from one person to another or from animals to humans of the causes of infection diseases is fungi. Fungi are microorganisms in the form of cells or branched threads. These microorganisms have a rigid cell wall and composed of polysaccharides or chitin, have nuclei and spores, are not chlorophyllous and do not multiply sexually and asexually. Based on this, research was carried using of the welling method on antifungal bioactivity as well as a thin layer chromatography test of spotting to determine the content of secondary metabolites contained in the leaves of kale fence. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of secondary metabolites in n-hexane extract, ethyl acetate, and methanol of kangkong pagar leaves (Ipomoea carnea Jacq) against Candida albicans fungi. This study made four different concentrations namely 60%, 80%, 100%, 120%, for positive control using ketoconazole and negative control using CMC 1%. Data analysis is using the One Way ANOVA test. From this study, the results were that kale fence leaf extract contains secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, tannins, steroids. Then the results of the antifungal activity test of fencing kale leaves have activities that can inhibit fungi at a concentration of 120% with an inhibitory zone diameter of 11,254 mm so that they can be classified as strong antifungal bioactivity, in the results of the One Way ANOVA analysis of the three samples (N Hexana, Methanol and ethyl Acetate), it is known that the Sig value is 0.000 < 0.05 so it can be said that the rata_rata is "Significantly Different".
How to construct liquid-crystal spectacles to control vision of real-world objects and environments
Authors: Gomez Michael A. , Snow Jacqueline C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA major challenge in studying naturalistic vision lies in controlling stimulus and scene viewing time. This is especially the case for studies using real-world objects as stimuli (rather than computerized images) because real objects cannot be “onset” and “offset” in the same way that images can be. Since the late 1980s, one solution to this problem has been to have the observer wear electro-optic spectacles with computer-controlled liquid-crystal lenses that switch between transparent (“open”) and translucent (“closed”) states. Unfortunately, the commercially available glasses (PLATO Visual Occlusion Spectacles) command a high price tag, the hardware is fragile, and the glasses cannot be customized. This led us to explore how to manufacture liquid-crystal occlusion glasses in our own laboratory. Here, we share the products of our work by providing step-by-step instructions for researchers to design, build, operate, and test liquid-crystal glasses for use in experimental contexts. The glasses can be assembled with minimal technical knowledge using readily available components, and they can be customized for different populations and applications. The glasses are robust, and they can be produced at a fraction of the cost of commercial alternatives. Tests of reliability and temporal accuracy show that the performance of our laboratory prototype was comparable to that of the PLATO glasses. We discuss the results of our work with respect to implications for promoting rigor and reproducibility, potential use cases, comparisons with other liquid-crystal shutter glasses, and how users can find information regarding future updates and developments.
O ensino de argumentação na Argentina e no Brasil: aproximações e distanciamentos em diretrizes curriculares
Authors: Alves Lima Sheyla Fabricia , Batista Santos Yuri Andrei 
Published: February 2023

Considerando a demanda pela universalização da educação escolar nos países da região sul-americana, este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir como as diretrizes curriculares, na Argentina e no Brasil, propõem o desenvolvimento da argumentação no componente Língua Materna.
Delineamos, então, uma análise de discursos comparativa que observa como cada cultura discursiva em destaque desenvolve suas percepções quanto ao ensino de argumentação. Nosso corpus centra-se nos eixos de trabalho com linguagens nos documentos de diretrizes curriculares para o ensino médio na Argentina, Núcleos de Aprendizagen Prioritarios, e no Brasil, Base Nacional Comum Curricular.
Observamos que os discursos relacionados ao ensino de argumentação sugerem algumas aproximações quanto à ausência de uma base teórica para pensar o desenvolvimento desse conhecimento. Tal lacuna desdobra-se em semelhantes distanciamentos, no que tange à ausência de um ensino de argumentação concreto que ultrapasse as conformidades do desempenho em exames e avaliações externas.
Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of Markov Turbulence on Kinetic Scales
Authors: Macek Wiesław M. , Wójcik Dariusz , Burch James L. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In our previous studies we have examined solar wind and magnetospheric plasma turbulence, including Markovian character on large inertial magnetohydrodynamic scales. Here we present the results of the statistical analysis of magnetic field fluctuations in the Earth’s magnetosheath, based on the Magnetospheric Multiscale mission at much smaller kinetic scales. Following our results on spectral analysis with very large slopes of about −16/3, we apply a Markov-process approach to turbulence in this kinetic regime. It is shown that the Chapman–Kolmogorov equation is satisfied and that the lowest-order Kramers–Moyal coefficients describing drift and diffusion with a power-law dependence are consistent with a generalized Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. The solutions of the Fokker–Planck equation agree with experimental probability density functions, which exhibit a universal global scale invariance through the kinetic domain. In particular, for moderate scales we have the kappa distribution described by various peaked shapes with heavy tails, which, with large values of the kappa parameter, are reduced to the Gaussian distribution for large inertial scales. This shows that the turbulence cascade can be described by the Markov processes also on very small scales. The obtained results on kinetic scales may be useful for a better understanding of the physical mechanisms governing turbulence.
ALMA Resolves the First Strongly Lensed Optical/Near-IR-dark
Galaxy
Authors: Giulietti Marika , Lapi Andrea , Massardi Marcella , Behiri Meriem , Torsello Martina , D’Amato Quirino , Ronconi Tommaso , Perrotta Francesca , Bressan Alessandro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present high-resolution (≲0.″1) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array
observations of the strongly lensed galaxy HATLASJ113526.2-01460 at redshift
z ∼ 3.1, discovered in the GAMA 12th field of
the Herschel-ATLAS survey. This gravitationally lensed system is remarkably
peculiar, in that neither the background source nor the foreground lens show a
clearly detected optical/near-IR Hubble Space Telescope-J band emission. We
perform accurate lens modeling and source morphology reconstruction in three
different (sub)millimeter continuum bands and in the C[ii] and CO(8−7)
spectral lines. The modeling indicates a foreground lensing (likely elliptical)
galaxy with mass ≳1011
M
⊙ at z ≳ 1.5, while the source
(sub)millimeter continuum and line emissions are amplified by factors μ ∼ 6–13. We estimate extremely compact sizes—≲0.5 kpc
for the star-forming region and ≲1 kpc for the gas component—with no clear
evidence of rotation or ongoing merging events. We perform broadband SED fitting
and retrieve the intrinsic demagnified physical properties of the source, which
is found to feature a very high star formation rate, ≳103
M
⊙ yr−1, which, given the compact sizes, is on the verge of
the Eddington limit for starbursts; the radio luminosity at 6 cm from the
available EVLA observations is consistent with star formation activity. The
galaxy is found to be extremely rich in gas ∼1011
M
⊙ and dust ≳109
M
⊙. The stellar content ≲1011
M
⊙ places the source well above the main sequence of star-forming
galaxies, indicating that the starburst is rather young, with an estimated age
∼108 yr. Our results indicate that the overall properties of
HATLASJ113526.2-01460 are consistently explained by in situ galaxy formation and
evolution scenarios.
An Ap Star Catalog Based on LAMOST DR9
Authors: Shi Fangfei , Zhang Huawei , Fu Jianning , Kurtz Donald , Xiang Maosheng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We present a sample of 2700 Ap stars in the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) DR9 catalog. The candidates are first selected to be in a temperature range typical of Ap stars by using the BP − RP color index from Gaia DR3. Then the 5200 Å flux depression features characteristic of Ap stars are visually checked in LAMOST DR9 spectra. The detailed spectral features are given by applying a modified spectral classification program, MKCLASS. The stellar parameters of these Ap stars, such as the T
eff,

log
g

, [Fe/H], [Si/H], and

v
sin
i

, are either extracted from a hot star catalog or derived through empirical relations and then a statistical analysis is carried out. The evolutionary stages are also discussed. Finally, we discuss the rotation and pulsation features of those that have TESS or Kepler light curves. Among these Ap stars, we find seven new rotation variables, one new roAp star, and a new δ Scuti pulsation of a previously known roAp star.
Unified Relationship between Cold Plasma Ejections and Flare Energies Ranging from Solar Microflares to Giant Stellar Flares
Authors: Kotani Yuji , Shibata Kazunari , Ishii Takako T. , Yamasaki Daiki , Otsuji Kenichi , Ichimoto Kiyoshi , Asai Ayumi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We often find spectral signatures of chromospheric cold plasma ejections accompanied by flares in a wide range of spatial scales in the solar and stellar atmospheres. However, the relationship between physical quantities (such as mass, kinetic energy, and velocity) of cold ejecta and flare energy has not been investigated in a unified manner for the entire range of flare energies to date. This study analyzed the spectra of cold plasma ejections associated with small-scale flares and solar flares (energy 1025–1029 erg) to supply smaller energy samples. We performed Hα imaging spectroscopy observation by the Solar Dynamics Doppler Imager on the Solar Magnetic Activity Research Telescope. We determined the physical quantities of the ejecta by cloud model fitting to the Hα spectrum. We determined the flare energy by differential emission measure analysis using the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory for small-scale flares and by estimating the bolometric energy for large-scale flares. As a result, we found that the ejection mass M and the total flare energy E
tot follow a relation of

M
∝

E

tot

2

/

3

. We show that the scaling law derived from a simple physical model explains the solar and stellar observations with a coronal magnetic field strength as a free parameter. We also found that the kinetic energy and velocity of the ejecta correlate with the flare energy. These results suggest a common mechanism driven by magnetic fields to cause cold plasma ejections with flares on the Sun and stars.
Study of the Effect of Martian Dust Storms on Ionospheric Electron Density Based on Physical-grid Deep Neural Learning Technology
Authors: Zhong ShengBin , Chen Zhou , Deng Xiaohua , Tang RongXin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The behavior of the Martian ionosphere during global dust storms has always been a popular topic. Based on many Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution observations, a Martian ionospheric electron density model is constructed herein using a physical-grid deep neural network algorithm. The precision of the model is proved to be high, and the R
2 value of the test set is 0.979. On this basis, the effects of global dust storms on the electron density and peak height of the Martian ionosphere are explored. The results show that the MY34 global dust storm significantly raised the peak height of the Martian electron layer, and its effects mainly ranged from 20°N to 55°N. The periodicity of the global daily average peak electron layer height following this dust storm was more regular than that before the dust storm.
Interactions sociotechniques de filière et fonctions des systèmes d’innovation responsable : une mise en perspective à partir d’enjeux de transition des filières agricoles
Authors: Magrini Marie-Benoît 
Published: February 2023

Les concepts de système d’innovation responsable ou d’innovation couplée mettent l’accent sur les interactions sociotechniques entre acteurs pour construire une vision commune des enjeux et les ressources nécessaires aux changements visés. Or, peu de travaux s’intéressent à la structuration de ces interactions à l’échelle des filières. La littérature sur les filières repose essentiellement sur une vision comptable ou logistique des flux matériels et financiers sans analyser les impacts des interactions entre opérateurs sur les processus de changement. Croisant la littérature économique sur les modes de gouvernance des transactions, les systèmes d’innovation et les transition studies , cet article analyse comment les interactions sociotechniques de filière, dépendant des modes de gouvernance des transactions, remplissent les fonctions d’un système d’innovation responsable ; et contribuent à définir la capacité de transition d’une filière. Cette réflexion s’appuie sur le contexte de différentes filières agricoles en France engagées vers la durabilité. Codes JEL : L14, L24, L2, O13, O3, Q1
La découverte de la radioactivité artificielle
Authors: Radvanyi Pierre 
Published: February 2023

Dans sa conférence Nobel de décembre 1935, Joliot revient sur la découverte de la radioactivité artificielle (mise en évidence de l’isotope radioactif du phosphore : ainsi, il n’y avait pas que les éléments lourds susceptibles d’être radioactifs), accompagnée par la découverte de la radioactivité ϐ+ (émission d’un électron positif par l’élément radioactif non naturel). Joliot a aussi dans son discours Nobel l’intuition des réactions en chaîne qui sera vérifiée quelques années plus tard. Comme les rayons X, la radioactivité artificielle eut immédiatement des applications médicales. Les traceurs radioactifs, faits à partir d’éléments radioactifs de faible durée de vie (donc préparés à l’hôpital), se fixent sur des organes à étudier et émettent un rayonnement gamma (annihilation d’un électron et d’un positon) capté par le scintigraphe.
Long-term prognosis of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Alves Pinto Ricardo , Proença Tânia , Martins Carvalho Miguel , Oliveira Sílvia , Adão Luís , Macedo Filipe 
Published: February 2023

Life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VA) may occur in patients with unknown cardiac disease. A sizable part of them remains labeled as Idiopathic VA and limited data is available regarding their natural history. Our aim was to evaluate the long-term clinical outcomes of survivors of an idiopathic life-threatening VA. Patients who survived an idiopathic life-threatening VA referred to an ICD were included and followed for a median follow-up of 7 years. Clinical and device data were collected and a comparison between genders was made. A total of 29 patients, 41% female, mean age of 50 (19) years were studied; all were implanted with an ICD at index hospitalization. At follow-up, an etiological diagnosis was established in 38% of patients. Genetic testing improved the diagnosis and allowed the identification of a distinct clinical entity in 60% of patients (p=0.04, OR = 7.0), especially in women. Regarding ICD data, 31% received appropriate therapies with a median time to first appropriate shock of 39 months (IQR 12-46 months). Men had a significantly higher prevalence of appropriated shocks (50% vs 8%, p=0.04), with a similar time to the first arrhythmic event between genders. Two of the patients died, both from non-arrhythmic causes. Etiologic diagnosis and recurrence prediction in patients with idiopathic VA is challenging, even with long-term follow-up and sophisticated diagnostic evaluation. Genetic testing significantly improved the diagnostic yield, especially in women. Arrhythmia recurrence occurred in about one-third of patients and is significantly higher in men, underscoring the importance of ICD implantation.
African Indigenous knowledge versus Western science in the Mbeere Mission of Kenya
Authors: Gathogo Julius M. 
Published: February 2023

This article sets out to explore the way in which Western science and technology was received in the Mbeere Mission of central Kenya since August 1912 when a medical missionary, Dr T.W.W. Crawford, visited the area. In his dalliance with ecclesiastical matters, Crawford, a highly trained Canadian medical doctor, was sent by the Church Missionary Society (CMS) at Kigari-Embu, in 1910, to pioneer the Anglican mission in the vast area that included Mbeereland, where Mbeere Mission is situated. Contending with the African indigenous knowledge in medicine, environmental conservation, agriculture and other forms of indigenous science, the introduction of Western science and technology, 1912 to 1952, the article argues, did not erase the former; rather, it complimented it. Pockets of general resistance were evident, though Mbeereland, unlike its neighbouring Mutira Mission of 1912, did not offer elaborate opposition to the Western science and technology, partly because the locals could have learnt about it from their neighbours who had experienced it much earlier. Through a historico-narrative design, the research article endeavours to primarily review the coming of Western medicine in Mbeereland: Did it conflict with the African medicine? Methodologically, the data have been collected via archival sources, oral interviews and by reviewing applicable literature.Contribution: The input of this research article to the HTS Journal’s vision and scope is seen by appreciating its focus on the interface between African indigenous knowledge and the European science and technology. Although the main focus is
Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young among People with Diabetes Attending a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Bhat Javaid Ahmad , Bhat Moomin Hussain , Masoodi Shariq Rashid , Ahmad Hilal , Ahmad Peerzada Ovais , Wangnoo Bisma Rashid , Bashir Mir Iftikhar , Wani Arshad Iqbal , Misgar Raiz Ahmad , Rashid Imtiyaz , Ganai Bashir Ahmad , Nissar Kamran , Shah Zafar Amin 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Maturity onset diabetes of young (MODY) is considered to be the most underdiagnosed condition. The correct diagnosis of MODY has a definite bearing on the outcome and clinical course of the disease. We aim to determine the prevalence and clinical profile of MODY among young diabetic patients attending at Department of Endocrinology, a tertiary care institute in North India.

Methods:
It was a cross-sectional study involving all consecutive consenting patients with diabetes and age of onset ≤35 years. A total of 1,094 patients were included in this study, of whom 858 were having age of onset of diabetes <25 years. All patients were screened for MODY using clinical criteria and MODY Probability calculator (available on diabetesgenes.org). Patients with high clinical probability of MODY having negative anti-GAD65 antibody and fasting serum C-peptide levels >0.6 ng/mL were subjected to the Ala98 Val polymorphism (SNP) in hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF) 1a gene.

Results:
The prevalence of MODY among the study cohort as per clinical criteria was found to be 7.7%. Males constituted the majority of patients (male vs female, 56% vs. 44%; P < 0.001). The patients with MODY were younger (p < 0.001), leaner (p < 0.001), had younger age at onset of diabetes mellitus (p < 0.001), and lower frequency of features of insulin resistance in the form of skin tags and acanthosis nigricans. Among the 40 patients who were subjected to Ala98Val polymorphism of HNF1α gene (MODY 3), the mutant genotype was seen in 20 (50%) patients.

Conclusion:
We report a higher prevalence of MODY in our young diabetic patients. A high index of suspicion is required to diagnose MODY as misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment may have a significant impact on quality-of-life (QOL) with increased cost and unnecessary treatment with insulin.