bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of CP violation searches at MOMENT experiment with sterile neutrino
Authors: Sharma Kiran , Patra Sudhanwa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We examine the scope of the MOMENT experiment in the context of CP violation searches with the presence of extra eV scale sterile neutrino. MOMENT is a proposed medium baseline neutrino oscillation experiment using muon beams for neutrinos production, making it advantageous over π0 background and other technical difficulties. We work over the first oscillation maxima which matches the peak value of flux with a run time of 5 years for both neutrino and anti-neutrino modes. We perform the bi-probability studies for both 3 and 3+1 flavor mixing schemes. The CP violation sensitivities arising from the fundamental CP phase δ13 and unknown CP phase δ14 are explored at the firm footing. Slight deteriorations are observed in CP violations induced by δ13 as the presence of sterile neutrino is considered. We also look at the reconstruction of CP violations phases δ13 and δ14 and the MOMENT experiment shows significant capabilities in the precise measurement of δ13 phase.
Soft phonon theorems
Authors: Cheung Clifford , Derda Maria , Helset Andreas , Parra-Martinez Julio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A variety of condensed matter systems describe gapless modes that can be interpreted as Nambu-Goldstone bosons of spontaneously broken Poincaré symmetry. In this paper we derive new soft theorems constraining the tree-level scattering of these degrees of freedom, as exhibited in solids, fluids, superfluids, and framids. These soft theorems are in one-to-one correspondence with various broken symmetries, including spacetime translations, Lorentz boosts, and, for the case of fluids, volume-preserving diffeomorphisms. We also implement a bootstrap in which the enhanced vanishing of amplitudes in the soft limit is taken as an input, thus sculpting out a subclass of exceptional solid, fluid, and framid theories.
SGLT5 is the renal transporter for 1,5-anhydroglucitol, a major player in two rare forms of neutropenia
Authors: Diederich Jennifer , Mounkoro Pierre , Tirado Hernan A. , Chevalier Nathalie , Van Schaftingen Emile , Veiga-da-Cunha Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNeutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction in glycogen storage disease type 1b (GSD1b) and severe congenital neutropenia type 4 (SCN4), associated with deficiencies of the glucose-6-phosphate transporter (G6PT/SLC37A4) and the phosphatase G6PC3, respectively, are the result of the accumulation of 1,5-anhydroglucitol-6-phosphate in neutrophils. This is an inhibitor of hexokinase made from 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG), an abundant polyol in blood. 1,5-AG is presumed to be reabsorbed in the kidney by a sodium-dependent-transporter of uncertain identity, possibly SGLT4/SLC5A9 or SGLT5/SLC5A10. Lowering blood 1,5-AG with an SGLT2-inhibitor greatly improved neutrophil counts and function in G6PC3-deficient and GSD1b patients. Yet, this effect is most likely mediated indirectly, through the inhibition of the renal 1,5-AG transporter by glucose, when its concentration rises in the renal tubule following inhibition of SGLT2. To identify the 1,5-AG transporter, both human and mouse SGLT4 and SGLT5 were expressed in HEK293T cells and transport measurements were performed with radiolabelled compounds. We found that SGLT5 is a better carrier for 1,5-AG than for mannose, while the opposite is true for human SGLT4. Heterozygous variants in SGLT5, associated with a low level of blood 1,5-AG in humans cause a 50–100% reduction in 1,5-AG transport activity tested in model cell lines, indicating that SGLT5 is the predominant kidney 1,5-AG transporter. These and other findings led to the conclusion that (1) SGLT5 is the main renal transporter of 1,5-AG; (2) frequent heterozygous mutations (allelic frequency > 1%) in SGLT5 lower blood 1,5-AG, favourably influencing neutropenia in G6PC3 or G6PT deficiency; (3) the effect of SGLT2-inhibitors on blood 1,5-AG level is largely indirect; (4) specific SGLT5-inhibitors would be more efficient to treat these neutropenias than SGLT2-inhibitors.
Sex and age differences in mice models of effort-based decision-making and anergia in depression: the role of dopamine, and cerebral-dopamine-neurotrophic-factor
Authors: Matas-Navarro Paula , Carratalá-Ros Carla , Olivares-García Régulo , Martínez-Verdú Andrea , Salamone John D. , Correa Mercè 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMesolimbic dopamine (DA) regulates vigor in motivated behavior. While previous results have mainly been performed in male rodents, the present studies compared CD1 male and female mice in effort-based decision-making tests of motivation. These tests offered choices between several reinforcers that require different levels of effort (progressive ratio/choice task and 3-choice-T-maze task). Sweet reinforcers were used in both tasks. In the operant tasks, females worked harder as the task required more effort to access a 10% sucrose solution. Although males and females did not differ in preference for 10% vs 3% solutions under free concurrent presentation, females consumed more of the 10% solution when tested alone. The operant task requires a long period of training and changes in the DA system due to age can be mediating long-term changes in effort. Thus, age and sex factors were evaluated in the T-maze task, which requires only a short training period. Both sexes and ages were equally active when habituated to the running wheel (RW), but females consumed more sweet pellets than males, especially at an older age. Both sexes had a strong preference for the RW compared to more sedentary reinforcers in the 3-choice-T-maze test, but older animals spent less time running and ate more than the young ones. The DA-depleting agent tetrabenazine reduced time running in older mice but not in adolescents. Cerebral-dopamine-neurotrophic-factor was reduced in older mice of both sexes compared to adolescent mice. These results emphasize the importance of taking into account differences in sex and age when evaluating willingness to exert effort for specific reinforcers.
D3Creatine Dilution as a Direct, Non-invasive and Accurate Measurement of Muscle Mass for Aging Research
Authors: Evans William J. , Cawthon Peggy M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInitial definitions of sarcopenia included the age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass that was presumed to be associated with late-life reduced functional capacity, disability and loss of independence. Because no method for determination of muscle mass was available for large cohort studies of aging men and women, lean body mass determined by dual X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance was used as a surrogate measure of muscle mass. The data from these studies showed either no or a poor relationship between LBM and functional capacity and health related outcomes, leading to the conclusion of many that the amount of muscle may not be associated with these age-associated outcomes. It was assumed that some undefined index of muscle quality is the critical contributor. These studies also consistently showed that muscle strength is lost more quickly than lean mass. Total body muscle mass can now be measured directly, accurately and non-invasively using the D3creatine (D3Cr) dilution method. D3Cr muscle mass, but not DXA derived LBM, is strongly associated with functional capacity, falls and insulin resistance in older men and women. In addition, D3Cr muscle mass is associated with risk of disability, hip fracture and mortality. New and emerging data demonstrate that low muscle mass may serve as a diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia.
The Bcm rule allows a spinal cord model to learn rhythmic movements
Authors: Kohler Matthias , Röhrbein Florian , Knoll Alois , Albu-Schäffer Alin , Jörntell Henrik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCurrently, it is accepted that animal locomotion is controlled by a central pattern generator in the spinal cord. Experiments and models show that rhythm generating neurons and genetically determined network properties could sustain oscillatory output activity suitable for locomotion. However, current central pattern generator models do not explain how a spinal cord circuitry, which has the same basic genetic plan across species, can adapt to control the different biomechanical properties and locomotion patterns existing in these species. Here we demonstrate that rhythmic and alternating movements in pendulum models can be learned by a monolayer spinal cord circuitry model using the Bienenstock–Cooper–Munro learning rule, which has been previously proposed to explain learning in the visual cortex. These results provide an alternative theory to central pattern generator models, because rhythm generating neurons and genetically defined connectivity are not required in our model. Though our results are not in contradiction to current models, as existing neural mechanism and structures, not used in our model, can be expected to facilitate the kind of learning demonstrated here. Therefore, our model could be used to augment existing models.
Optimal regularity of isoperimetric sets with Hölder densities
Authors: Beck Lisa , Cinti Eleonora , Seis Christian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe establish a regularity result for optimal sets of the isoperimetric problem with double density under mild ($$\alpha $$
α
-)Hölder regularity assumptions on the density functions. Our main Theorem improves some previous results and allows to reach in any dimension the regularity class $$C^{1,\frac{\alpha }{2-\alpha }}$$

C

1
,

α

2
-
α

. This class is indeed the optimal one for local minimizers of variational functionals with an integrand that depends $$\alpha $$
α
-Hölder continuous on the minimizer itself, and as such can (the boundary of) the isoperimetric set be locally written (with additional constraint).
The Red Flysch Formation in Southern Apennines: Lithological and Structural Features and Challenges in Geotechnical Characterization and Modelling
Authors: d’Onofrio A. , Picarelli L. , Santo A. , Urciuoli G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFlysch formations are widespread all around the Mediterranean basin and in many other parts of the world. Their special fabric, characterized by a strong heterogeneity due to alternations of often deformed lapideous and fine-grained layers and by a network of discontinuities, brings to light the strong limitations of the geo-engineering sciences when dealing with such complex materials. Based on the results of an investigation carried out in a long section of the Southern Apennines, the paper examines this problem focusing in particular on the role played by material fabric at different scales on the hydraulic and mechanical behavior of the deposit.
The Viewing Reaction Time as a Diagnostic Tool of Pedohebephilia in the Dunkelfeld
Authors: Amelung Till , Konrad Anna , Beier Klaus M. , Lehmann Robert J. B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiagnosing pedohebephilia is fraught with obstacles given the tabooed nature of this sexual preference. The viewing reaction time effect (VRT) provides a non-intrusive indirect measure of sexual interest in minors. In forensic populations, the ability of the difference between the latencies while viewing child and adult sexual stimuli (VRT index) to discern child sexual offenders from a range of control groups has been ascertained meta-analytically. Given that the effect has been studied almost exclusively in forensic samples, its dependence or independence on prior overt (deviant) sexual behavior remains unclear. The present study sought to examine the relationship of prior sexual and non-sexual behaviors with the VRT in a sample of 282 self-referring, help-seeking men with and without pedohebephilia with and without a history of prior child sexual offenses (CSO) or a use of child sexual abuse materials (CSAM) recruited outside a forensic context. We found that (1) the clinical diagnosis of pedohebephilia but not prior CSO or CSAM showed a significant association with the VRT index; (2) the discriminatory ability of the VRT index did not differ significantly between samples with and without a history of prior overt sexual behavior with children; (3) the VRT index correlated positively with a behavioral marker of pedohebephilia in a subsample of individuals with prior judicially detected or undetected overt sexual behavior with children; and (4) in the same subsample, the VRT index correlated positively with markers of sexual interests in minors or hypersexuality but not of antisociality. Equivalence testing failed to refute a potential effect of prior sexual behavior on the VRT index. Our study showed that the VRT may provide an unintrusive diagnostic tool for pedohebephilia. The effect of prior overt sexual behavior with children needs further examination.
Extending the network calculus algorithmic toolbox for ultimately pseudo-periodic functions: pseudo-inverse and composition
Authors: Zippo Raffaele , Nikolaus Paul , Stea Giovanni 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNetwork Calculus (NC) is an algebraic theory that represents traffic and service guarantees as curves in a Cartesian plane, in order to compute performance guarantees for flows traversing a network. NC uses transformation operations, e.g., min-plus convolution of two curves, to model how the traffic profile changes with the traversal of network nodes. Such operations, while mathematically well-defined, can quickly become unmanageable to compute using simple pen and paper for any non-trivial case, hence the need for algorithmic descriptions. Previous work identified the class of piecewise affine functions which are ultimately pseudo-periodic (UPP) as being closed under the main NC operations and able to be described finitely. Algorithms that embody NC operations taking as operands UPP curves have been defined and proved correct, thus enabling software implementations of these operations. However, recent advancements in NC make use of operations, namely the lower pseudo-inverse, upper pseudo-inverse, and composition, that are well-defined from an algebraic standpoint, but whose algorithmic aspects have not been addressed yet. In this paper, we introduce algorithms for the above operations when operands are UPP curves, thus extending the available algorithmic toolbox for NC. We discuss the algorithmic properties of these operations, providing formal proofs of correctness.
Corporate criminals in a market context: enforcement and optimal sanctions
Authors: Auriol Emmanuelle , Hjelmeng Erling , Søreide Tina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBy combining approaches from the economic theory of crime and of industrial organization, this paper analyzes optimal enforcement for three different forms of corporate misconduct that harm competition. The analysis shows why corporate crime is more harmful in large markets, why governments have a disinclination to sanction firms whose crime materializes abroad, and why leniency for those who self-report their crime is a complement, and not a substitute, to independent investigation and enforcement. As public authorities rely increasingly on self-reporting by companies to detect cartels, the number of leniency applications is likely to decline, and this is borne out by data. Upon a review of 50 cases of corporate liability from five European countries, competition law enforcement, governed by a unified legal regime, is more efficient than enforcement in bribery and money laundering cases, governed by disparate criminal law regimes. Sanction predictability and transparency are higher when governments cooperate closely with each other in law enforcement, when there are elements of supra-national authority, and when the offense is regulated by a separate legal instrument. Given our results, Europe would benefit from stronger supra-national cooperation in regulation and enforcement of transnational corporate crime, especially for the sake of deterrent penalties against crime committed abroad.
High speed neuromorphic vision-based inspection of countersinks in automated manufacturing processes
Authors: Salah Mohammed , Ayyad Abdulla , Ramadan Mohammed , Abdulrahman Yusra , Swart Dewald , Abusafieh Abdelqader , Seneviratne Lakmal , Zweiri Yahya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCountersink inspection is crucial in various automated assembly lines, especially in the aerospace and automotive sectors. Advancements in machine vision introduced automated robotic inspection of countersinks using laser scanners and monocular cameras. Nevertheless, the aforementioned sensing pipelines require the robot to pause on each hole for inspection due to high latency and measurement uncertainties with motion, leading to prolonged execution times of the inspection task. The neuromorphic vision sensor, on the other hand, has the potential to expedite the countersink inspection process, but the unorthodox output of the neuromorphic technology prohibits utilizing traditional image processing techniques. Therefore, novel event-based perception algorithms need to be introduced. We propose a countersink detection approach on the basis of event-based motion compensation and the mean-shift clustering principle. In addition, our framework presents a robust event-based circle detection algorithm to precisely estimate the depth of the countersink specimens. The proposed approach expedites the inspection process by a factor of 10$$\times $$
×
compared to conventional countersink inspection methods. The work in this paper was validated for over 50 trials on three countersink workpiece variants. The experimental results show that our method provides a standard deviation of 0.025 mm and an accuracy of 0.026 mm for countersink depth inspection despite the low resolution of commercially available neuromorphic cameras. Video Link: https://www.dropbox.com/s/pateqqwh4d605t3/final_video_new.mp4?dl=0.
A review on biopolymer-based treatments for consolidation and surface protection of cultural heritage materials
Authors: Caruso Maria Rita , D’Agostino Giulia , Milioto Stefana , Cavallaro Giuseppe , Lazzara Giuseppe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNowadays, the scientific community emphasizes the use of reversible and non-toxic materials in the field of cultural heritage. Biopolymers are one of the alternative materials to synthetic polymers and solvents that are dangerous for human health and for the environment, applied in consolidation and coating treatment. Natural biopolymers may be divided into polysaccharide, protein, and polyester: All of them are low cost, eco-friendly, and biocompatible, besides many physicochemical characteristics such as being transparent, soluble in water, hydrogel, and film-forming, and can be easily functionalized. The addition of nanoclay, essential oil, and active molecules improves the physicochemical properties of biopolymers and proposes smart response abilities to the new composite material. This work is intended to provide an overview of the development of biopolymers by considering the most general aspects and scanning the diverse substrates of application for the conservation and protection of cultural heritage.Graphical abstract
Stochastic Modeling of Bacterial Population Growth with Antimicrobial Resistance
Authors: Mansour Mahmoud B. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper we consider a stochastic model of bacterial population growth with antimicrobial resistance under the influence of random fluctuations. We analyze the model for the problem of persistence and extinction of bacterial cells. This analysis shows asymptotic extinction and conditional persistence for growing population. Moreover, we perform computer simulations in order to illustrate the model behavior. The model results have important implications for the eradication of bacterial cells and the emergence of resistance.
The Portuguese forest and the Common Agricultural Policy
Authors: Viegas Miguel , Batista Paulo , Cordovil Francisco 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
The article aims to assess the impact of support from the European Union on the prevalence of fires in Portugal. The study has a territorial dimension that identifies the support distribution pattern and the location of forest spaces.

Methods
The study uses several databases on the territory and on the funds of the European Union distributed by the municipalities of the Portuguese mainland. It uses a spatial econometrics model from endogenous variables constructed from a principal component analysis.

Results
The results infer that support is concentrated in the most prosperous agricultural regions. The poorest regions where the forest surface is proportionally larger receive little support. There is no correlation between European Union support for forests and the prevalence of fires.

Conclusions
To reduce the risk and prevalence of fire, it is necessary to promote an active management of forest areas. To this end, it is necessary to review the way in which support from the Common Agricultural Policy is distributed so that vulnerable territories can receive more support, empowering populations and promoting rural development.
Existence and nonexistence results for fractional mixed boundary value problems via a Lyapunov-type inequality
Authors: Łupińska Barbara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, we prove a Lyapunov-type inequality for a fractional differential equation under mixed boundary conditions. As applications, we deduce nonexistence results for some fractional boundary value problems. Moreover, we obtain numerical approximations of a lower bound for the eigenvalues of the corresponding equations.
Renewal approach for the energy–momentum relation of the Fröhlich polaron
Authors: Polzer Steffen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study the qualitative behaviour of the energy–momentum relation of the Fröhlich polaron at fixed coupling strength. Among other properties, we show that it is non-decreasing and that the correction to the quasi-particle energy is negative. We give a proof that the effective mass lies in $$(1, \infty )$$

(
1
,
∞
)

that does not need the validity of a central limit theorem for the path measure.