bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum field theoretic representation of Wilson surfaces. Part II. Higher topological coadjoint orbit model
Authors: Zucchini Roberto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis is the second of a series of two papers devoted to the partition function realization of Wilson surfaces in strict higher gauge theory. A higher 2-dimensional counterpart of the topological coadjoint orbit quantum mechanical model computing Wilson lines is presented based on the derived geometric framework, which has shown its usefulness in 4-dimensional higher Chern-Simons theory. Its symmetries are described. Its quantization is analyzed in the functional integral framework. Strong evidence is provided that the model does indeed underlie the partition function realization of Wilson surfaces. The emergence of the vanishing fake curvature condition is explained and homotopy invariance for a flat higher gauge field is shown. The model’s Hamiltonian formulation is further furnished highlighting the model’s close relationship to the derived Kirillov-Kostant-Souriau theory developed in the companion paper.
dMyc-dependent upregulation of CD98 amino acid transporters is required for Drosophila brain tumor growth
Authors: Rebelo Ana R. , Homem Catarina C. F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTumor cells have an increased demand for nutrients to sustain their growth, but how these increased metabolic needs are ensured or how this influences tumor formation and progression remains unclear. To unravel tumor metabolic dependencies, particularly from extracellular metabolites, we have analyzed the role of plasma membrane metabolic transporters in Drosophila brain tumors. Using a well-established neural stem cell-derived tumor model, caused by brat knockdown, we have found that 13 plasma membrane metabolic transporters, including amino acid, carbohydrate and monocarboxylate transporters, are upregulated in tumors and are required for tumor growth. We identified CD98hc and several of the light chains with which it can form heterodimeric amino acid transporters, as crucial players in brat RNAi (bratIR) tumor progression. Knockdown of these components of CD98 heterodimers caused a dramatic reduction in tumor growth. Our data also reveal that the oncogene dMyc is required and sufficient for the upregulation of CD98 transporter subunits in these tumors. Furthermore, tumor-upregulated dmyc and CD98 transporters orchestrate the overactivation of the growth-promoting signaling pathway TOR, forming a core growth regulatory network to support brat IR tumor progression. Our findings highlight the important link between oncogenes, metabolism, and signaling pathways in the regulation of tumor growth and allow for a better understanding of the mechanisms necessary for tumor progression.
When things go wrong: experiences of vaginal mesh complications
Authors: Dibb Bridget , Woodgate Fee , Taylor Lauren 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Previous research has suggested that complications stemming from vaginal mesh can lead to life-changing negative physical consequences including erosion and chronic pain. However, there has been little research on the experiences of women who have had complications. This study was aimed at exploring the individual experiences of women who have had vaginal mesh complications and how this has impacted them.

Methods
An explorative qualitative design was followed. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with women who had experienced complications with vaginal mesh due to stress urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse. The mean age was 52 and the mean time since the mesh was fitted was 8 years (6 had since had it removed and a further 6 had had partial removal), and the mean time since first mesh-related symptom was 10 months. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Four main themes were identified: perceived impact of mesh complications, attitudes of medical professionals, social support and positive growth. Results showed that participant experiences of their mesh complication were psychologically traumatic, including feelings of increased anxiety and fears relating to suicidal thoughts. Intimate relationships were also affected, with reduced sexual functioning and intimacy stemming from mesh complications. Negative experiences with medical professionals included feeling dismissed, a lack of recognition of their symptoms, and anger towards the profession.

Conclusions
The impacts of vaginal mesh complications were found to be wide-reaching and life-changing, affecting numerous aspects of participants’ lives. Greater awareness in this area is needed to provide further support for women experiencing vaginal mesh complications.
Constrained-optimal tradewise-stable outcomes in the one-sided assignment game: a solution concept weaker than the core
Authors: Pérez-Castrillo David , Sotomayor Marilda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the one-sided assignment game, any two agents can form a trade; they can decide to form a partnership and agree on how to share the surplus created. Contrary to the two-sided assignment game, stable outcomes often fail to exist in the one-sided assignment game. Hence the core, which coincides with the set of stable payoffs, may be empty. We introduce the idea of tradewise-stable (t-stable) outcomes: they are individually rational outcomes where all trades are stable; that is, no matched agent can form a blocking pair with any other agent, neither matched nor unmatched. We propose the set of constrained-optimal (optimal) t-stable outcomes, the set of the maximal elements of the set of t-stable outcomes, as a natural solution concept for this game. We prove that this set is non-empty, it coincides with the set of stable outcomes when the core is non-empty, and it satisfies similar properties to the set of stable outcomes even when the core is empty. We propose a partnership formation process that starts with the outcome where every player stands alone, goes through steps where the set of active players expands, always forming t-stable outcomes, and ends in an (in any) optimal t-stable outcome. Finally, we also use the new concept to establish conditions under which the core is non-empty.
Subcellular Accumulation and Depuration of Zinc in Periphytic Algae during Episodic and Continuous Exposures
Authors: Cadmus Pete , Friebertshauser Ryan J. , Rhein Nayla , Brinkman Stephen F. , Clements William H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs the severity of extreme precipitation events increases with global climate change, so will episodic pulses of contamination into lotic systems. Periphytic algae represents bioindicator species in most freshwater systems due to their rapid accumulation of toxicants; therefore, it is vital to understand how accumulation in this group differs across temporally variable exposure regimes. The ability to rapidly accrue contaminants has additional implications for the trophic transfer of metals to primary consumers. While dietary toxicity has been studied in algivorous consumers, techniques used to prepare contaminated periphytic algae for consumption have not been compared. This study used a modified subcellular fractionation method to compare the partitioning of zinc (Zn) in periphyton cultures exposed for various durations (cultured in the presence of Zn and 15 min, 24 h, and 48 h exposures). Three exposure groups were additionally depurated over a period of 24 h in order to compare retention of Zn, an important aspect of preparing diets used in dietary toxicity studies. The results not only provide evidence for increased retention by periphytic algae cultured in the presence of Zn but reveal relationships among treatments and subcellular partitioning that suggest time-dependent accumulation and detoxification. These relationships suggest that episodic exposure of periphytic algae to contaminants may pose a greater risk than that of chronic regimes. Based on these results, we additionally advocate for culturing periphytic algae in the presence of contamination to produce a more reliable diet for dietary exposure testing in algivorous organisms.
Long noncoding RNA FAM157C contributes to clonal proliferation in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Wang Honglei , Liu Hui , Li Liyan , Chen Yingying , Liu Zhaoyun , Li Lijuan , Ding Shaoxue , Ding Kai , Fu Rong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) perform a wide range of biological functions, including the regulation of gene expression, cell differentiation, and proliferation, but their role in PNH remains unclear.CD59− and CD59+ granulocytes and monocytes from 35 PNH patients were sorted. High-throughput sequencing was analyzed in 5 PNH patients, and differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified. The mRNAs with fragments per kilobase of exon model per million mapped fragments (FPKM) > 10 in at least 3 patients were selected, and experiments were performed to identify their upstream regulatory lncRNAs. The expression of selected mRNAs and lncRNAs was verified by qRT‒PCR, and the correlation of these expression patterns with clinical data from other 30 PNH patients was analyzed. Then, the functions of the lncRNAs were studied in the PIGA-KO-THP-1 cell line.Transcription analysis revealed 742 upregulated and 1376 downregulated lncRNAs and 3276 upregulated and 213 downregulated mRNAs. After deep screening, 8 highly expressed mRNAs that were related to the NF-κB pathway were analyzed to determine coexpression patterns. LINC01002, FAM157C, CTD-2530H12.2, XLOC-064331 and XLOC-106677 were correlated with the 8 mRNAs. After measuring the expression of these molecules in 30 PNH patients by qRT‒PCR, lncRNA FAM157C was verified to be upregulated in the PNH clone, and its expression levels were positively correlated with the LDH levels and CD59− granulated and monocyte cell ratios. After knockdown of the FAM157C gene in the PIGA-KO-THP-1 cell line, we found that the cells were arrested in the G0/G1 phase and S phase, the apoptosis rate increased, and the cell proliferation decreased.LncRNA FAM157C was proven to promote PNH clone proliferation, and this is the first study to explore the role of lncRNAs in PNH.
On the use of historical estimates
Authors: Davidov Ori , Rudas Tamás 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe use of historical, i.e., already existing, estimates in current studies is common in a wide variety of application areas. Nevertheless, despite their routine use, the uncertainty associated with historical estimates is rarely properly accounted for in the analysis. In this communication, we review common practices and then provide a mathematical formulation and a principled frequentist methodology for addressing the problem of drawing inferences in the presence of historical estimates. Three distinct variants are investigated in detail; the corresponding limiting distributions are found and compared. The design of future studies, given historical data, is also explored and relations with a variety of other well-studied statistical problems discussed.
Screening for oropharyngeal dysphagia in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a prospective study
Authors: Zayed Ahmed Mohamed , Afsah Omayma , Elhadidy Tamer , Abou-Elsaad Tamer 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To screen for oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Methods
A descriptive longitudinal study was conducted on 500 adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 in the age range of 19–65 years who were admitted to the main university isolation hospital (whether admitted in the ward or the intensive care unit). Screening for OD was done using the Arabic version of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) and the Yale swallow protocol.

Results
45.4% of the admitted and 40.97% of the discharged COVID-19 patients had a positive screen for OD. Several risk factors for OD could be detected. These include older age, longer duration of presenting symptoms of COVID-19, presence of ageusia and anosmia, presence of dysphonia, ICU admission, lower oxygen saturation, higher respiratory rate, presence of OD at admission, longer duration of hospital stay, and use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and/or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).

Conclusions
Screening for OD in hospitalized COVID-19 patients is a mandatory procedure, whether for admitted or discharged patients.
Exploration of the prognostic value of the resection of adult brainstem high-grade glioma based on competing risk model, propensity score matching, and conditional survival rate
Authors: Zhang Dainan , Li Haiming , Jia Wang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Adult brainstem high-grade glioma (HGG) is a refractory disease, and the treatment strategy of resection is still controversial.

Objective
To investigate the prognostic value of brainstem HGG resection in adults.

Methods
We collected 126,386 samples from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 1998 and 2016, and screened 973 patients diagnosed with adult brainstem HGG, who were in turn, grouped into 899 cases of non-resections and 74 cases of resections. Competing risk models were used to screen independent prognostic factors. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce the influence of confounding factors. Conditional survival (CS) rate was considered to evaluate the changes in overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) of patients with HGG over time.

Results
Based on the competing risk model and PSM, univariate analysis showed that age ≥ 45 years and male gender were poor prognostic factors for adult brainstem HGG. No previous history of glioma was a beneficial factor. Multivariate analysis revealed only the absence of a history of glioma to be a favorable prognostic factor. Considering the CS rate of the resection group, after the patient had survived for 3 years, the OS and DSS remained unchanged at 100% during the fourth and fifth years, whereas in the non-resection group, the OS and DSS of the patients were 82% and 74%, respectively.

Conclusion
Adult brainstem HGG resection has a poor prognosis in the early stage; however, patients have a potentially significant survival benefit after 3 years of survival.
LncRNA34977 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibits the apoptosis of canine mammary tumors by regulating the expression of miR-8881/ELAVL4
Authors: Lu Baochun , Zhu Yufan , Wu Juye , Qiu Huidan , Wang Jinyu , Ma Zihang , Jia Kun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLong-stranded noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play different roles in various diseases. lncRNA34977 has been shown to play a relevant role the development of canine mammary tumors (CMTs). However, the mechanism of lncRNA34977 in canine mammary tumors has not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of lncRNA34977 on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of canine mammary tumor (CMT) cells through the regulation of miR-8881/ELAVL4 expression. The apoptosis was detected by an in situ fluorescence assay and flow cytometry. The expression levels were analyzed by RT-qPCR. CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays were used to assess the proliferation, migration, and invasion. The expression of protein was detected by western blot. The siRNA-induced silencing of lncRNA34977 promoted the apoptosis of CHMp cells, and in overexpression of lncRNA34977, the result is the opposite. LncRNA34977 has a direct targeting relationship with miR-8881 and that miR-8881 is correlated with ELAVL4. Transfection of miR-8881 mimics inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted the apoptosis of CHMp cells of CHMp cells. In the transfection with miR-8881 inhibitors, the result is the opposite. Co-transfected with lncRNA34977, miR-8881, or ELAVL4, we found that lncRNA34977 could regulate the expression of miR-8881 or ELAVL4. Our study shows that lncRNA34977 promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion and suppresses the apoptosis of CMT cells by regulating the expression of miR-8881/ELAVL4.
Thermal properties of glass-ceramic glazes with zirconium oxide added to multicomponent system SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO-Na2O
Authors: Pasiut Katarzyna , Partyka Janusz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyse the thermal properties of glazes from the SiO2-Al2O3-CaO-MgO-Na2O system during the addition of zirconium oxide. The paper describes the effect of the addition of zirconium oxide on characteristic temperatures obtained with a high-temperature microscope and a mechanical dilatometer. Based on these data, the course of the logarithm curves of the viscosity of the glazes was determined on the basis of the Vogel–Tamman–Fulcher model. The analysis of thermal effects during the heating and cooling of glazes was also carried out on the basis of measurements made by means of differential scanning calorimetry and analysis of the phase composition at selected temperatures. The obtained results constitute a comprehensive characteristic of the thermal properties of glazes, in which the amount of zirconium oxide increases—from 0 to 24 mass%.
Fundamental/harmonics beam control using 1-bit space time-modulated plasma DMA
Authors: Malhat Hend Abd El-Azem , Zainud-Deen Anas Saber , Badawy Mona Magdy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates a space-time modulated digital metamaterial array (DMA) based on reconfigurable plasma ionization. The DMA consists of 8 × 8 unit-cell elements with total dimensions of 120 × 120 × 3.2 mm3. Each unit-cell consists of a ring container filled with argon gas and is backed with a grounded dielectric substrate. The argon gas is ionized into a plasma state through metallic electrodes. The logic state of the unit cell is controlled via the changing of the plasma frequency, $${\omega }_{p}.$$

ω
p

.

The value of $${\omega }_{p}=6\times {10}^{11}\mathrm{ rad}/\mathrm{sec}$$

ω
p

=
6
×

10

11

rad
/
sec

represents logic “0”, and $${\omega }_{p}=8\times {10}^{11} \mathrm{rad}/\mathrm{sec}$$

ω
p

=
8
×

10

11

rad
/
sec

represents logic “bit 1”. The periodic time switching of the plasma ionization controls the radiation at the fundamental and harmonic frequencies. The on-time instants and on-time durations control the number of radiated beams, their directions, amplitudes, and side-lobe levels. Different time-switching sequences are investigated for beam steering, dual-sum beams, broadside beams, end-fire beams, multi-beams, and fan-shaped beams for wireless communications applications. The DMA was investigated under different switching sequences for phase-modulation and amplitude-modulation schemes. A full-wave simulation CST Microwave Studio simulator is used to analyze the proposed DMA and the results are compared with ideal point sources array excited with the same switching sequences.
Radiation exposure in cardiac computed tomography imaging in Mie prefecture in 2021
Authors: Araki Suguru , Kitagawa Kakuya , Kokawa Takanori , Takafuji Masafumi , Nakamura Satoshi , Nagasawa Naoki , Sakuma Hajime 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Several effective radiation dose reduction methods have been developed for coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA); however, their use in daily clinical practice remains unknown. We aimed to investigate radiation exposure and the utilization of dose-saving strategies for coronary CTA in hospitals in Mie Prefecture, Japan.

Materials and methods
Image acquisition details and dose reports of 30 consecutive cardiac CT examinations performed in 2021 were obtained from 18 hospitals. The inclusion criteria were patients aged 20–80 years who weighed 50–70 kg and underwent coronary CTA using ≥ 64-row multidetector CT. The doses for the overall cardiac CT examination and coronary CTA were analyzed using the dose-length product (DLP) and CT dose index (CTDIvol), respectively. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine independent predictors that affect the radiation dose in coronary CTA.

Results
The median DLP of cardiac CT was 774 (interquartile range [IQR]: 538–1119) mGy*cm, and the median CTDIvol of coronary CTA was 33 (IQR: 25–48) mGy. The 75th percentile values of DLP for cardiac CT and that of CTDIvol for coronary CTA were slightly lower than the values recorded in the Japan Diagnostic Reference Level (DRLs) 2020 report (1285 mGy*cm and 66.4 mGy, respectively) but were substantially higher than those reported in a previous large international dose survey (402 mGy*cm and 24 mGy, respectively). Iterative reconstruction was performed during all examinations. Only six hospitals (33%) used a low tube potential (≤ 100 kVp), and nine hospitals (50%) used electrocardiogram-triggered prospective scanning. Multivariate analysis revealed low heart rate, low tube potential, and use of electrocardiogram-triggered prospective scanning as independent predictors of CTDIvol ≤ 24 mGy (p < 0.001, respectively).

Conclusion
As of 2021, low tube potential and prospective scanning are underutilized, whereas iterative reconstruction is used in every coronary CTA in Mie Prefecture. Further efforts to optimize the radiation exposure from cardiac CT scans are necessary.
The Impact of Swedish Forest Owners’ Values and Objectives on Management Practices and Forest Policy Accomplishment
Authors: Lidestav Gun , Westin Kerstin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSwedish forestry policy principles rest on voluntarism and a mutual interest among forest owners, the industry, and the state that timber production continuously be kept at a high level at the same time as environmental goals are achieved. An estimated 313,000 small-scale forest owners own half of Sweden’s forestland, and thus their objectives and values, and how these impact their management behavior, are matters of national policy interest. From a survey targeting a random sample of small-scale Swedish forest owners (n = 652), we found that overall forest owners found consumption objectives to be more important than production objectives. In line with this, they perceived social values, such as recreation, to be more important than economic values. Yet, on an aggregate level, timber production goals were fulfilled. Further, most forest owners left some of their productive forest untouched and applied restoration management, which could be interpreted as either intentional or unintentional considerations of the environmental goals. However, the environmental goals were not met on a national level. It can therefore be concluded that the voluntariness of the current forest policy seems to work when supported by the market’s interest in and mechanism for timber production but fails when only “soft” instruments such as information campaigns, advisory services, and education are at hand to promote environmental goals. Additional economic incentives, such as payment schemes, might be required.
A review of harmonization strategies for quantitative PET
Authors: Akamatsu Go , Tsutsui Yuji , Daisaki Hiromitsu , Mitsumoto Katsuhiko , Baba Shingo , Sasaki Masayuki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPET can reveal in vivo biological processes at the molecular level. PET-derived quantitative values have been used as a surrogate marker for clinical decision-making in numerous clinical studies and trials. However, quantitative values in PET are variable depending on technical, biological, and physical factors. The variability may have a significant impact on a study outcome. Appropriate scanner calibration and quality control, standardization of imaging protocols, and any necessary harmonization strategies are essential to make use of PET as a biomarker with low bias and variability. This review summarizes benefits, limitations, and remaining challenges for harmonization of quantitative PET, including whole-body PET in oncology, brain PET in neurology, PET/MR, and non-18F PET imaging. This review is expected to facilitate harmonization of quantitative PET and to promote the contribution of PET-derived biomarkers to research and development in medicine.