bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring the impact of a “Virtual Pediatric Trauma Center” (VPTC) model of care using telemedicine for acutely injured children versus the standard of care: study protocol for a prospective stepped-wedge trial
Authors: Marcin James P. , Tancredi Daniel J. , Galante Joseph M. , Rinderknecht Tanya N. , Haus Brian M. , Leshikar Holly B. , Zwienenberg Marike , Rosenthal Jennifer L. , Grether-Jones Kendra L. , Hamline Michelle Y. , Hoch Jeffrey S. , Kuppermann Nathan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The current standard of care in the treatment of children with physical trauma presenting to non-designated pediatric trauma centers is consultation with a pediatric trauma center by telephone. This includes contacting a pediatric trauma specialist and transferring any child with a potentially serious injury to a regionalized level I pediatric trauma center. This approach to care frequently results in medically unnecessary transfers and may place undue burdens on families. A newer model of care, the “Virtual Pediatric Trauma Center” (VPTC), uses telemedicine to make the expertise of a level I pediatric trauma center virtually available to any hospital. While the use of the VPTC model of care is increasing, there have been no studies comparing the VPTC to standard care of injured children at non-designated trauma centers with respect to patient- and family-centered outcomes. The goal of this study is to compare the current standard of care to the VPTC with respect to family-centered outcomes developed by parents and community advisory boards.

Methods
We will use a stepped-wedge trial design to enroll children with physical trauma presenting to ten hospitals, including level II, level III, and non-designated trauma centers. The primary outcome measures are parent/family experience of care and distress 3 days following injury. Secondary aims include 30-day healthcare utilization, parent/family out-of-pocket costs at 3 days and 30 days after injury, transfer rates, and parent/family distress 30 days following injury. We expect at least 380 parents/families of children will be eligible for the study following an emergency department physician’s request for a level I pediatric trauma center consultation. We will evaluate parent/family experience of care and distress using previously validated instruments, healthcare utilization by family recollection and medical record abstraction, and out-of-pocket costs using standard economic analyses.

Discussion
We expect that the findings from this study will inform other level I pediatric trauma centers and non-pediatric trauma centers on how to improve their systems of care for injured children. The results will help to optimize communication, confidence, and shared decision-making between parents/families and clinical staff from both the transferring and receiving hospitals.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04469036. Registered July 13, 2020 before start of inclusion.
Photosynthetically produced sucrose by immobilized Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 drives biotransformation in E. coli
Authors: Tóth Gábor Szilveszter , Siitonen Vilja , Nikkanen Lauri , Sovic Lucija , Kallio Pauli , Kourist Robert , Kosourov Sergey , Allahverdiyeva Yagut 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Whole-cell biotransformation is a promising emerging technology for the production of chemicals. When using heterotrophic organisms such as E. coli and yeast as biocatalysts, the dependence on organic carbon source impairs the sustainability and economic viability of the process. As a promising alternative, photosynthetic cyanobacteria with low nutrient requirements and versatile metabolism, could offer a sustainable platform for the heterologous production of organic compounds directly from sunlight and CO2. This strategy has been applied for the photoautotrophic production of sucrose by a genetically engineered cyanobacterium, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 strain S02. As the key concept in the current work, this can be further used to generate organic carbon compounds for different heterotrophic applications, including for the whole-cell biotransformation by yeast and bacteria.

Results
Entrapment of Synechocystis S02 cells in Ca2+-cross-linked alginate hydrogel beads improves the specific sucrose productivity by 86% compared to suspension cultures during 7 days of cultivation under salt stress. The process was further prolonged by periodically changing the medium in the vials for up to 17 days of efficient production, giving the final sucrose yield slightly above 3000 mg l−1. We successfully demonstrated that the medium enriched with photosynthetically produced sucrose by immobilized Synechocystis S02 cells supports the biotransformation of cyclohexanone to ε-caprolactone by the E. coli WΔcscR Inv:Parvi strain engineered to (i) utilize low concentrations of sucrose and (ii) perform biotransformation of cyclohexanone to ε-caprolactone.

Conclusion
We conclude that cell entrapment in Ca2+-alginate beads is an effective method to prolong sucrose production by the engineered cyanobacteria, while allowing efficient separation of the cells from the medium. This advantage opens up novel possibilities to create advanced autotroph–heterotroph coupled cultivation systems for solar-driven production of chemicals via biotransformation, as demonstrated in this work by utilizing the photosynthetically produced sucrose to drive the conversion of cyclohexanone to ε-caprolactone by engineered E. coli.
Gradient estimate of a Poisson equation under the almost Ricci solitons
Authors: Hajiaghasi Sakineh , Azami Shahroud 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we consider an n-dimensional manifold $M^{n}$

M
n

endowed with an almost Bakry–Émery Ricci curvature and study a special case of gradient estimate for the positive solutions of $\Delta u-X.u=f$
Δ
u
−
X
.
u
=
f
, for a smooth function f and a smooth vector field X under the almost Ricci solitons condition.
Analytical perception and kinesthetic engagement in evaluation of copper chloride crystallization patterns of wheat, grape juice and rocket samples from conventional, organic and biodynamic cultivation
Authors: Fritz Jürgen , Athmann Miriam , Bornhütter Roya , Buscher Nicolaas , Geier Uwe , Mergardt Gaby , Scherr Claudia , Doesburg Paul 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
When a dihydrate cupric chloride solution is crystallized in a petri dish in the presence of extracts of food products, dendritic crystal patterns emerge. The degree of growth, ripening and decomposition of the product is reflected in these patterns as salient unities (gestalts) of phenomenological features. In the present study we evaluated wheat, grape, and rocket (arugula) samples grown under different farming systems, fertilization treatments or horn silica application. The hypothesis of the present study was: samples are more precisely differentiated with a kinesthetic engagement in the perception of the gestalt decomposition than with ranking solely based on analytical criteria.

Results
In six out of seven panel tests with three different agricultural products grown with different methods, the following rankings for accelerated decomposability were derived:

For wheat: biodynamic < organic < conventional (mineral fertilization and manure) < mineral (mineral fertilization only)

For grapes: biodynamic < organic < conventional (mineral fertilization and compost)

For rocket (arugula): biodynamic < organic < mineral

For rocket (arugula): with horn silica < without horn silica application.

Analytical assessment was compared with kinesthetic priming of the evaluation panel. In six out of seven tests kinesthetic assessments (i) yielded more highly significant differences in ranking between the cultivation methods; (ii) clearly improved matching of the samples in a confusion matrix to the ranking of the cultivation methods; and (iii) generated lower RMSE values.

Conclusions
Kinesthetic engagement in gestalt evaluation proved superior to an evaluation based on analytical perception. Highly significant differences between biodynamic and organic variants and also between treatments with and without horn silica application were found in six out of seven tests. In five of the six tests the only difference between organic and biodynamic variants was the application of the biodynamic preparations. The results indicate increased resistance to deterioration of the biodynamic variants, in terms of lower degradation in the crystallization images. This prompts additional research to establish whether the crystallization method can serve as a universal test to monitor the stress resistance of plants.

Graphical Abstract
Experimental evaluation of the antioxidant and antitumor activities of thyme and basil essential oils and their phenolic constituents: theoretical antioxidant evaluation
Authors: Ramadan Khaled M. A. , El-Beltagi Hossam S. , Bendary Eslam S. A. , Ali Hussein M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Identifying specific biological activities of natural products are of the main concerns worldwide for the use in safe functional food manufacture; essential oils and their components are good candidates in this respect. The present work aims to evaluate the biological activities of basil and thyme oils as well as their phenolic constituents. Using computational methods to predict biological activities are currently effective tools in minimizing and explaining experimental works.

Results
Chemical composition of thyme and basil oils were determined using GC–MS. The identified phenolic components were thymol (28.21%) and carvacrol (0.47%) in thyme oil and eugenol (11.37%) in basil oil. The antioxidant activity of both oils and their phenolic constituents as expressed by EC50 value were 535.01, 134.37, 176.57, 407.89 and 2.29 µg/mL against DPPH and 131.95, 56.65, 57.15, 82.71and 32.80 µg/mL against hydrogen peroxide, respectively. The order of activity is basil oil > thyme oil while phenolic compound order is eugenol > thymol > carvacrol; reducing power showed the same order. Basil oil showed also higher and good antitumor activity where it reduces the surviving fraction to 38.4% of brain tumor cells (U251) and 61.3% of liver tumor cells (HEPG2) at concentration 10 µg/mL. The antioxidant activity were evaluated theoretically according to the main three mechanisms, Hydrogen-Atom-Transfer (HAT), Single Electron Transfer–Proton Transfer (SET-PT) and the Sequential Proton Loss Electron-Transfer (SPLET); the results proved the experimental order of antioxidant and biological activities, and explained the remarkably higher activities of basil oil and its main phenolic component, eugenol.

Conclusion
Theoretical calculation can be used successfully to explain and predict the experimental biological activity results. Basil oil and its main phenolic component, eugenol, were found effective as antioxidants. Basil oil was also efficient in reducing the surviving fraction of liver and brain cancer cells where it reduces brain cells even lower than cells treated by doxorubicin, a known anti-cancer agent; thus, basil oil and its main phenolic components, eugenol, can be used safely in food preservation and functional food production.

Graphical Abstract
Vitamin D supplementation and cardiac tissue inflammation in obese rats
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Farnoosh , Farhangi Mahdieh Abbasalizad , Tausi Ayda Zahiri , Mahmoudinezhad Mahsa , Mesgari-Abbasi Mehran , Jafarzadeh Faria 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
The current study was aimed to evaluate the effects of active form of vitamin D on TGF- β, NF-κB and MCP-1 in heart tissue of obese rats.

Methods
Forty rats were allocated into groups of normal diet and high fat diet for sixteen weeks; then each group was divided into two groups that received either 500 IU/kg vitamin D or placebo for five weeks. Biochemical parameters were assessed by ELISA kits.

Results
Vitamin D reduced TGF-β in obese rats supplemented with vitamin D compared with other groups (P = 0.03). Moreover, vitamin D reduced MCP-1 concentrations in the heart tissues of both vitamin D administered groups compared to placebo one (P = 0.002). NF-κB in the heart of HFD + vitamin D group was significantly lower (P = 0.03). Current study also showed that vitamin D improves glycemic status and reduce insulin resistance significantly in HFD group (P = 0.008).

Conclusion
Vitamin D was a potential anti- inflammatory mediator of cardiovascular disease and markers of glycemic status in obese rats. Further investigations are needed to better identify the therapeutic role of this vitamin in CVD and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
The association between meal-based diet quality index-international (DQI-I) with obesity in adults
Authors: Alipour Nosrani Esmail , Majd Maryam , Bazshahi Elham , Mohtashaminia Fatemeh , Moosavi Hanieh , Ramezani Reza , Shahinfar Hossein , Djafari Farhang , Shab-Bidar Sakineh , Djazayery Abolghassem 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and objectiveDue to the growing global trend of obesity, it is necessary to study the diet quality as a modifiable factor to reduce the dangerous consequences of obesity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between meal-based diet quality index-international (DQI-I) with obesity in adults.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed on 850 men and women in Tehran (aged 20–59 y). Dietary intakes were assessed using three 24-h dietary recalls. Meal-based Diet quality was assessed based on the construction of DQI-I. The total DQI-I score ranged from 0 to 100, with higher scores denoting better diet quality. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the association of DQI-I and BMI in each meal and Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association of DQI-I and obesity in each meal.ResultsThe mean (± SD) of age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were 42.35(± 10.90) years, 27.32(± 5.61) kg/m2, 89.09 (± 12.04) cm and 0.86 (± 0.11), respectively. In none of the meals, after adjusting for confounders, no significant difference in BMI was observed in the both women and men groups. After controlling of confounders, there was not any relationship between meal-based DQI-I and BMI resulted from multiple linear regression analysis also there was not any significant association between meal-based DQI-I and obesity resulted from Logistic regression analysis.ConclusionIn this study, we did not find any significant association between meal-specified DQI with obesity. To reach the better evaluation, more prospective studies with large sample size are needed.
Contribution of socio-economic and demographic factors to the trend of adequate dietary diversity intake among children (6–23 months): evidence from a cross-sectional survey in India
Authors: Bhati Divya , Tripathy Abhipsa , Mishra Prem Shankar , Srivastava Shobhit 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The present study aims to estimate the factors contributing to the change adequate diversified dietary intake (ADDI) from 2005–06 to 2015–16 among children aged 6–23 months in India.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a large representative survey data. Data from the National Family Health Survey 2005–06 and 2015–16 was used. The effective sample size for the present study was 14,422 and 74,132 children aged 6–23 months in 2005–06 and 2015–16, respectively.
The outcome variable was minimum adequate dietary diversity intake. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate the factors associated with ADDI. Additionally, the Fairlie method of decomposition was used, which allows quantifying the total contribution of factors explaining the decadal change in the probability of ADDI among children aged 6–23 months in India.

Results
There was a significant increase in ADDI from 2005–06 to 2015–16 (6.2%; p < 0.001). Additionally, compared to the 2005–06 years, children were more likely to have ADDI [AOR; 1.29, CI: 1.22–1.35] in 2015–16. Mother's education explained nearly one-fourth of the ADDI change among children. Further, the regional level contribution of 62.3% showed that the gap was widening across regions between the year 2005–06 and 2015–16 in ADDI among children. The child's age explained 5.2% with a positive sign that means it widened the gaps. Whereas the household wealth quintile negatively contributed and explained by -5.2%, that means between the years the gaps has reduced in ADDI among children aged 6–23 months.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that increasing awareness of the use of mass media and improving the education levels of mothers would be beneficial for adequate dietary diversity intake among children aged 6–23 months. Investments should support interventions to improve overall infant and young children feeding practices in India.
The association between dietary amino acids and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among Tehranian adults: a case-control study
Authors: Mokhtari Ebrahim , Ahmadirad Hamid , Teymoori Farshad , Mohammadebrahim Azadeh , Bahrololomi Samaneh Sadat , Mirmiran Parvin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Amino acids (AAs) are important bioactive components in the diet that can be involved in various underlying biological processes that contribute to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study investigates the association between dietary intake of amino acids and NAFLD in Iranian adults.

Methods
This study was conducted among 225 newly diagnosed cases of NAFLD and 450 controls. A valid and reliable 168-item semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to collect participants’ dietary intakes. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between tertiles of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), aromatic amino acids (AAAs), and sulfuric amino acids (SAAs) intake with the odds of NAFLD among the study participants.

Results
The mean ± standard deviation of age and BMI of participants (53% male) were 38.1 ± 8.8 years and 26.8 ± 4.3 kg/m2, respectively. In the final models, the OR and 95% CI of NAFLD among participants in the highest tertiles of BCAAs, AAAs, and SAAs intake compared with those in the lowest tertiles were (OR = 2.82; 95% CI: 1.50–5.30), (OR = 2.82; 95% CI: 1.50–5.30), (OR = 2.86; 95% CI: 1.49–5.48), respectively.

Conclusion
Our study indicated a direct association between the intake of AAs groups, including BCAAs, AAAs, SAAs, and the odds of NAFLD. We suggest that other researchers examine the association between AAs groups and NAFLD in large cohort studies.
Anesthetic management with remimazolam in a patient with Child-Pugh C liver cirrhosis: a case report
Authors: Uchida Satoshi , Takekawa Daiki , Hashiba Eiji , Kudo Reiko , Hirota Kazuyoshi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Remimazolam is a new ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine, and its sedative effect is prolonged in patients with hepatic impairment. This is the first report of remimazolam anesthesia in a patient with Child-Pugh C liver cirrhosis.

Case presentation
A 52-year-old female was diagnosed with tongue cancer and scheduled for partial glossectomy. Preoperative examinations revealed Child-Pugh C liver cirrhosis, but the pathogenesis was unknown. We scheduled remimazolam anesthesia because it would stabilize her intraoperative circulation. We managed with a much lower-than-normal dose of remimazolam; even so, the patient required flumazenil to regain consciousness. She was admitted to the intensive care unit, but her consciousness remained clear even after the effect of flumazenil had worn off.

Conclusion
We experienced anesthetic management with remimazolam in a patient with Child-Pugh C liver cirrhosis. Even conservative use of remimazolam in patients with severe hepatic dysfunction may result in emergence times that are delayed longer than expected.
Risk factors for early seizure after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease
Authors: Niu Hongchuan , Tan Cunxin , Jin Kehan , Duan Ran , Shi Guangchao , Wang Rong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the risk factors for early seizure after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD).

Methods
A total of 298 patients with MMD diagnosed in our hospital from 2015 to 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. We summarized the characteristics of seizure after revascularization in patients with MMD and analyzed the predictors of early postoperative seizure.

Results
We identified 15 patients with MMD who developed seizures within 1 week after revascularization. According to logistic regression analysis, age (OR: 1.04, 95% CI 0.998–1.086; P = 0.060) and infarct side (OR: 1.92, 95% CI 0.856–4.290; P = 0.113) were not significantly associated with incident early seizure. Postoperative infarction (OR: 12.89, 95% CI 4.198–39.525; P = 0.000) and preoperative cerebral infarction (OR: 4.08, 95% CI 1.267–13.119; P = 0.018) were confirmed as risk factors for early seizure.

Conclusions
We believe that a history of preoperative infarction and new infarction are independent risk factors of early seizure in patients with MMD after revascularization.
On the proposed role of metacognition in environment learning: recommendations for research
Authors: Mason Lauren A. , Thomas Ayanna K. , Taylor Holly A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMetacognition plays a role in environment learning (EL). When navigating, we monitor environment information to judge our likelihood to remember our way, and we engage in control by using tools to prevent getting lost. Yet, the relationship between metacognition and EL is understudied. In this paper, we examine the possibility of leveraging metacognition to support EL. However, traditional metacognitive theories and methodologies were not developed with EL in mind. Here, we use traditional metacognitive theories and approaches as a foundation for a new examination of metacognition in EL. We highlight three critical considerations about EL. Namely: (1) EL is a complex process that unfolds sequentially and is thereby enriched with multiple different types of cues, (2) EL is inherently driven by a series of ecologically relevant motivations and constraints, and (3) monitoring and control interact to support EL. In doing so, we describe how task demands and learning motivations inherent to EL should shape how metacognition is explored. With these considerations, we provide three methodological recommendations for investigating metacognition during EL. Specifically, researchers should: (1) instantiate EL goals to impact learning, metacognition, and retrieval processes, (2) prompt learners to make frequent metacognitive judgments and consider metacognitive accuracy as a primary performance metric, and (3) incorporate insights from both transfer appropriate processing and monitoring hypotheses when designing EL assessments. In summary, to effectively investigate how metacognition impacts EL, both ecological and methodological considerations need to be weighed.
How does technology challenge teacher education?
Authors: Kaminskienė Lina , Järvelä Sanna , Lehtinen Erno 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe paper presents an overview of challenges and demands related to teachers’ digital skills and technology integration into educational content and processes. The paper raises a debate how technologies have created new skills gaps in pre-service and in-service teacher training and how that affected traditional forms of teacher education. Accordingly, it is discussed what interventions might be applicable to different contexts to address these challenges. It is argued that technologies should be viewed both as the field where new competences should be developed and at the same time as the method used in developing learning environments for teacher students.