bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triple positive profile in antiphospholipid syndrome: prognosis, relapse and management from a retrospective multicentre study
Authors: Laurent Charlotte , Ricard Laure , Nguyen Yann , Boffa Jean Jacques , Rondeau Eric , Gerotziafas Grigorios , Elalamy Ismail , Deriaz Sophie , De Moreuil Claire , Planche Virginie , Johanet Cathererine , Millot Francois , Fain Olivier , Mekinian Arsène 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is defined by the association of thromboembolic and/or obstetrical clinical manifestations and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies. The objective of our study was to evaluate the impact of the triple-positive profile in a cohort of 204 APS patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study, including patients with primary or secondary APS, meeting the Sydney criteria with at least one thrombotic and/or obstetrical complication. Clinical characteristics and the risk of relapse (defined by the occurrence of a new thrombotic event and/or a new adverse obstetrical event) between triple-positive and non-triple-positive APS patients were compared.Results204 patients were included in our study, 68 were triple-positive and 136 were single or double positive. 122 patients (59.8%) had primary APS. 67 patients (32.8%) had obstetrical APS, with a higher rate among triple-positive patients (45.6% vs 26.5%, p=0.010), and 170 patients (83.3%) had thrombotic APS, without difference between triple-positive and others. Thrombotic events were more often venous (56.4%) than arterial (37.7%). Triple-positive patients had more placental complications than others (17.6% vs 2.9%, p=0.001) and more non-criteria events (48.5% vs 25.7%, p=0.002). Among non-criteria events, there was a higher frequency of Sneddon syndrome in triple-positive patients (7.4% vs 0.7%, p=0.028). The relapse rate was higher in triple-positive patients than in others (63.2% vs 39,7%, p=0002). In multivariate analysis, the triple-positive profile was associated with a higher risk of relapse (HR 1.63; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.55; p=0.031).ConclusionThe triple-positivity is associated with a higher risk of relapse and obstetrical complications.
Space–time and large local transformations
Authors: West Peter 
Published: March 2023

Dedicated to the memory of Lars Brink (1943–2022) for his help and friendship over many years In this paper, we argue that the existence of solitons in theories in which local symmetries are spontaneously broken requires space–time to be enlarged by additional coordinates that are associated with large local transformations. In the context of gravity theories, the usual coordinates of space–time can be thought of arising in this way. E theory automatically contains such an enlarged space–time. We propose that space–time appears in an underlying theory when the local symmetries are spontaneously broken.
MRI Image-Based Automatic Segmentation and Classification of Brain Tumor and Swelling Using Novel Methodologies
Authors: Mundada Kapil , Kulkarni Jayant 
Published: March 2023

In the medical image analysis field, brain tumors (BTs) classification is a complicated process. For effortlessly detecting the tumor devoid of any surgical interference, the radiologists are aided with automated along with computerized technology. Currently, in the field of medical image processing along with analysis, admirable progress has been made by deep learning (DL) methodologies. In medical fields, for resolving several issues, huge attention was paid to DL techniques. For automation of several performed by radiologists like (1) lesion detection, (2) segmentation, (3) classification, (4) monitoring, along with (5) also prediction of treatment response that is not achievable without software, DL might be wielded. Nevertheless, classifying BTs by utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has various complications like the difficulty of brain structure along with the intertwining of tissues in it; additionally, the brain’s higher density nature also makes the BT Classification (BTC) process quite complex. Therefore, by utilizing novel systems, MRI-centric Automatic segmentation together with classifications of BT and swelling have been proposed to overcome the aforementioned issues. The proposed methodology underwent various operations to detect BTs effectively. Initially, by utilizing the Range-centric Otsu’s Thresholding (ROT) algorithm, the skull stripping (SS) is conducted. After that, by performing contrast enhancement (CE) along with noise removal, the skull-stripped images are pre-processed. Next, by employing the Rectilinear Watershed Segmentation (RWS) algorithm, the tumor or swelling areas are segmented. Afterward, to obtain the precise tumor or swelling region, the morphological operations are executed on the segmented areas; subsequently, the desired along with relevant features are extracted. Lastly, the features being extracted are inputted to the classifier termed Uniform Convolution neural network (UCNN). The tumor tissues along with the swelling tissues are classified precisely in the classification phase. Here, the openly accessible BT Image Segmentation Benchmark (BRATS) datasets are utilized. Then, the outcomes obtained are analogized with prevailing methodologies. The experiential outcomes displayed that the BTC is performed by the proposed model with a higher accuracy rate; thus, outshined the other prevailing models.
HEMORHEOLOGICAL MODELS APPLIED TO DATA ANALYSIS IN GROUPS OF PATIENTS AND IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS
Authors: ANTONOVA N. , PASKOVA V. , VELCHEVA I. , ZVETKOVA E. 
Published: March 2023

An overview of some mathematical models describing the rheological behavior of blood is done. Several known models were used to describe the non-Newtonian rheological properties of blood. The parameters of two of the simplest models — the power law and the Herschel–Bulkley law were used to analyze the differences between the microrheological and micromechanical characteristics of blood in a group of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) and in healthy subjects. The experiments were carried out with Low Shear 30 (LS 30) Contraves viscometer in a wide range of shear rates. All experimental data were statistically processed using the Mann–Whitney U-test for intergroup comparison of independent variables, as well as the t-test. The Statistica program was used for statistical processing. The results obtained are compared with the hemorheological models from other disease states.
Impact of Dielectric Conductivity and Other Process Parameters on Machining Characteristics in WEDM of Al 6065 Alloy
Authors: Mandal Kingshuk , Sekh Mukandar , Bose Dipankar , Mitra Souren , Sarkar Soumya 
Published: March 2023

Among the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) parameters, dielectric conductivity plays a crucial role to determine the performance characteristics of the process. In this study, the effects of dielectric conductivity and four other significant process parameters such as pulse on time ([Formula: see text], arc on time ([Formula: see text], servo sensitivity ([Formula: see text], and open-circuit voltage ([Formula: see text] on Al 6065 have been investigated. Experimental result shows that maximum cutting speed is obtained at a 10 mho/m dielectric conductivity ([Formula: see text] setting. It is also found that for a broad range of corner error ([Formula: see text] and surface roughness ([Formula: see text] during single-pass cutting operations, 10[Formula: see text]mho/m conductivity settings give the best result. However, to achieve the corner accuracy and a surface finish lower than the critical limit (i.e., [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mm & [Formula: see text]m), 4 mho/m conductivity is found to be the best setting. In this concern, a suitable optimization technique is used to prepare a technical guideline for the optimal machining of Al 6065. Additionally, heat-affected zone (HAZ) and surface topography analysis have been carried out to evaluate the characteristics of the WEDM surface. It is observed from the machined surface that the surface is full of discharge craters, micro-voids, and recast globules. On the other hand, HAZ decreases as the conductivity of the dielectric increases.
Muscle contraction exercise for low back pain
Authors: Alarab Azzam , Shameh Ratib Abu , Ahmad Muntaser S. 
Published: March 2023

Background: Low-back pain (LBP) continues to be one of the main problems for which sufferers seek treatment in primary care. It can be treated with different physiotherapy mechanisms. Objective: The purpose of the study is to compare the effect of isotonic and isometric exercise on the reported pain of patients with low back pain. Methods: Thirty participants, 16 males and 14 females aged between 22 and 50 years suffering from nonspecific low back pain were included. The sample was divided randomly into two groups, group A isometric exercises and group B isotonic exercises, both groups received conservative therapy of TENS and infrared (IR) therapy. The following outcome measures were used: Visual analogue scale, modified Oswestry disability index (MODI) and Endurance Test Measurement were administered pre-treatment and at the end of four weeks of treatment. Results: Both groups were comparable in terms of demographic data, except for weight. Inter group analysis was done using the Mann–Whitney test. When comparing pre- and post-treatments using VAS scores, there were no significant differences between group A and group B (pre-test: [Formula: see text]; Post-test: [Formula: see text]). Mann–Whitney test was used to calculate the [Formula: see text]-value test between pre-treatment and post- treatment for MODI and there was no significant difference between group A and group B, where the pre-test [Formula: see text]-value was 0.061, and post-treatment was 0.077. Comparing between groups, pre- and post-abdominal endurance scores were done using the Mann–Whitney test. The pre-treatment scores revealed [Formula: see text] value of 0.345, and the post-treatment scores revealed [Formula: see text] value of 0.305. Therefore, there is no statistically significant difference between group A and group B in endurance scores. Conclusion: There was no difference between the use isotonic and isometric exercises on LBP patients.
Malicious Software Detection based on URL-API Intensity Feature Selection Using Deep Spectral Neural Classification for Improving Host Security
Authors: Lavanya B. , Shanthi C. 
Published: March 2023

In recent years, the internet of services has been more responsive to access through the development of various application program interfaces (API). Accessing an HTTP uniform resource locator (URL) contains malicious software intended by the attacker to create security breaches through the use of APIs from various services on the internet. By default, the non-attentive URL downloads and installs malware in the background without the user’s knowledge. The host does not analyze the API-URL security certificate contract due to the feature access by the user. Therefore, the current Machine Learning (ML) techniques only check malware signatures and certificates rather than analyzing URL behaviour based on the impact of a URL accessed from the internet. To address this problem, we propose a novel intelligent malicious software based on URL-API intensity feature selection (IFS) and deep spectral neural classification (DSNC) for improving Host Security. Initially, the URL — successive certificate signing (SCS) of the user link accessibility is verified based on API download rate logs. This system identifies the best malware software. The Link Redirection Stability Rate (LRSR) is estimated based on the Redirection URL by accessing the direct link and redirect link. The domain transformation matrix (DTM) was created to create a pattern to access successive features. URL-API Intensity Feature Selection selects each estimated feature, and the selected features are based on soft-max logical activation with a recurrent neural network (RNN) optimized for deep learning. RNN is trained in the spectral domain for improving computation and efficiency. It predicts the class based on the risk of malicious weight to categorize class by reference. The proposed IFS-DSNC achieves accuracy of 95.6% than the other algorithms such as KNN, NB, CNN, LCS, GCRNC AGSCR. The experimental result shows that the proposed method provides better performance in finding malware software than the existing approaches, thereby improving the security against host breaching.
Slow Development of a Day 5 Fresh Transferred Embryo Leads to Reduced Live Birth Rate but Not Birthweight: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Watson Kate , Ong Kee , Korman Irving , Turner Ross , Shaker David , Mokrzecki Steve , Vollenhoven Beverley , Zander-Fox Deirdre , Liu Yanhe 
Published: March 2023

Objective: This study aims to investigate the impact of slow embryo development on the subsequent live birth rate and birthweight outcomes following a fresh day 5 transfer. Study design: This retrospective multicenter cohort study included 1,213 consecutive patients undergoing autologous oocyte in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment at four associated private clinics during 2016–2019. Only fresh single day 5 transfers were included for analysis. Results: No implantation was achieved by embryos that failed to reach the early blastocyst stage on day 5 ([Formula: see text]). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression (expressed as adjusted odds ratio or aOR and [Formula: see text] confidence interval) showed a significantly reduced live birth rate in early blastocysts ([Formula: see text]) in reference to those at the expanding (aOR = 0.584, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), expanded (aOR = 0.322, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), or hatching/hatched stages (aOR = 0.255, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). However, early blastocysts led to similar birthweights ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) in comparison to those at the expanding ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), expanded ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), or hatching/hatched stages ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). This was further confirmed by linear regression analysis using either birthweight or [Formula: see text] score (gestation-adjusted birthweight). Conclusion: Slow day 5 development is associated with reduced live birth rate when transferred fresh, however, subsequent birthweight is not impacted once pregnancy is initiated.
Modelo experimental de reimplante de membro após isquemia quente em ratos e efeito da estreptoquinase, alopurinol e terapia com oxigênio hiperbárico
Authors: Silva José Carlos Faes da , Simão Danielle Tiemi , Lima Leandro Gregorut , Cunha Marcelo Sacramento , Wada Alexandre , Nakamoto Hugo , Ferreira Marcus Castro 
Published: March 2023

A isquemia prolongada leva a alterações na microcirculação tecidual e liberação de radicais livres do oxigênio conhecidos como fenômeno de não reperfusão. Foi realizado amputação com preservação dos vasos e nervos do membro posterior direito em 110 ratos. Os grupos GM1, GM2, GM3, GM4 e GM5 foram submetidos a isquemia quente de 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 horas. As taxas de sobrevida dos membros isquêmicos após 7 dias de avaliação foram 100%, 80%, 63,6%, 50%, 20%. Os grupos GE1, GE2 e GE3 foram tratados com estreptoquinase, alopurinol e terapia com oxigênio hiperbárico após isquemia de 6 horas. As taxas de sobrevida foram 66,7%, 70% e 30%. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo teste do Qui-quadrado e considerados significantes quandop<0,05. Os resultados sugerem um aumento significativo da sobrevida de membros isquêmicos após utilização doalopurinol e estreptoquinase. A terapia com oxigênio hiperbárico diminuiu significativamente a sobrevida dos membros isquêmicos.
Cefaléia de origem cervical
Authors: Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Yeng Lin Tchia , Altieri Carlos Eduardo , Saito Mateus 
Published: March 2023

O papel desempenhado pelas anormalidades da coluna cervical na gênese da cefaléia cervicogênica é destacado. O trabalho é o de análise do papel das disfunções e das anormalidades da coluna cervical na gênese das algias crânio-faciais. É ressaltada a importância da síndromes dolorosas miofasciais na gênese das cefaléias e do tratamento farmacológico e dos procedimentosde medicina física no controle desta condição álgica. A compreensão do papel destas anormalidades é importante, nãoapenas com finalidade de classificação como também para o estabelecimento de condutas terapêuticas em casos de dor crânio-facial.
IL-37 Attenuates Platelet Activation and Thrombosis Through IL-1R8 Pathway
Authors: Chen Yufei , Hong Jin , Zhong Haoxuan , Zhao Yikai , Li Jian , Shen Wei , Luo Xinping , Shi Haiming , Hu Liang , Liu Junling , Gao Wen 
Published: March 2023

Background:
IL-37 (interleukin-37), a natural suppressor of innate inflammatory and immune responses, is increased in patients with myocardial infarction. Platelets play an important role in the progress of myocardial infarction, but the direct effects of IL-37 on platelet activation and thrombosis, as well as the underlying mechanisms, still remain unclear.

Methods:
We evaluated the direct effects of IL-37 on agonists-induced platelet activation and thrombus formation, as well as revealed the underlying mechanisms using platelet-specific IL-1R8 (IL-1 receptor 8)–deficient mice. Using myocardial infarct model, we explored the effects of IL-37 on microvascular obstruction and myocardial injury.

Results:

IL-37 directly inhibited agonists-induced platelet aggregation, dense granule ATP release, P-selectin exposure, integrin αIIbβ3 activation, platelet spreading, and clot retraction. IL-37 inhibited thrombus formation in vivo in a FeCl
3
-injured mesenteric arteriole thrombosis mouse model and ex vivo in a microfluidic whole-blood perfusion assay. Mechanistic studies using platelet-specific IL-1R8–deficient mice revealed that IL-37 bound to platelet IL-1R8 and IL-18Rα, and IL-1R8 deficiency impaired the inhibitory effects of IL-37 on platelet activation. Using PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog)-specific inhibitor and PTEN-deficient platelets, we found that IL-37 combined with IL-1R8 to enhance PTEN activity, inhibit Akt (protein kinase B), mitogen-activated protein kinases, and spleen tyrosine kinase pathways, as well as decrease the generation of reactive oxygen species to regulate platelet activation. Exogenous IL-37 injection suppressed microvascular thrombosis to protect against myocardial injury in wild-type mice but not in platelet-specific IL-1R8–deficient mice after permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary. Finally, a negative correlation between plasma IL-37 concentration and platelet aggregation was observed in patients with myocardial infarction.

Conclusions:
IL-37 directly attenuated platelet activation, thrombus formation, and myocardial injury via IL-1R8 receptor. Accumulated IL-37 in plasma inhibited platelet activation to ameliorate atherothrombosis and infarction expansion, and thus may have therapeutic advantages as potential antiplatelet drugs.
Evolutionary history drives the geographical distribution of dorsal patterns in the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis)
Authors: Dadda Thomas , Storniolo Federico , Mangiacotti Marco , Scali Stefano , Zuffi Marco A.L. , Sacchi Roberto 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Melanin-based dorsal pattern polymorphisms are common in reptiles and generally evolve under the interaction between opposite selective pressures, notably thermal advantage in cold environments and background matching to avoid predation. When those pressures change over space and time, the relative frequencies of morphs can vary across the species range. However, no previous study has analysed the spatial patterns of variation of morphs under a phylogenetic perspective in addition to the adaptive responses to natural selection. In this study, we focused on the distributional patterns of the three dorsal morphs of Podarcis muralis at wide-range scale to assess how they associate with geography, climate, microhabitat, phylogeny and sexual dimorphism. By using open access data from iNaturalist, we assembled a dataset of 4096 georeferenced points with information on sex and morph. Data were analysed through Bayesian GLMs, and four alternative models were formulated depending on the specific factors affecting morphs’ frequency. The dorsal morphs are not randomly distributed in Europe, but follow clear geographic patterns, vary with altitude and habitats, show sex-specific trends, and correlate with the phylogenetic history of the species. When comparing models, the phylogenetic model always obtained the best performance, and no overlap with other models occurred, thus best explaining the distributional patterns of dorsal morphs. The evolutionary processes, in addition to present environmental pressures, can significantly affect local-scale microevolutionary adaptations, influencing the current distribution of dorsal phenotypes across the species range. More generally, results point out the importance of considering the evolutionary processes when analysing distributional patterns of polymorphisms.
A Quantitative Analysis of Smartphone-Based Endoscopy and Video Tower Endoscopy
Authors: Maksimoski Matthew , Maurrasse Sarah E , Valika Taher 
Published: March 2023

Objectives: Examine the differences between traditional tower-based endoscopy (TBE) and smartphone-based endoscopy (SBE) using objective measures of cost, setup time, and image quality. Methods: Cost analysis study and randomized single-blinded prospective trial was performed at a tertiary academic health center. Twenty-three healthcare providers, 2 PA-C, 9 residents, 2 fellows, 10 attendings varying in practice from 1 to 27 years were a part of the study. Actual cost analysis was used for purchase of the Karl Storz video tower system and the Save My Scope smartphone-based endoscopy system for cost analysis. For setup time, providers entered a room and were randomized to set up either an SBE or TBE system and timed from room entry to a visible on-screen image. A crossover was then performed so all providers performed both setups. For image discernment, standardized photos of a modified Snellen’s test were sent via text message to providers who were blinded as to which photo represented which system. Practitioners were randomized as to which photo to receive first. Results: Cost savings was 95.8% ($39,917 USD) per system. Setup time for the smartphone system was 46.7 seconds less than video tower system on average (61.5 vs 23.5 seconds; P < .001, 95% CI: 30.3-63.1 seconds). Level of visual discernment was slightly better for SBE over TBE, with reviewers able to identify Snellen test letters at a size of 4.2 mm with SBE versus 5.9 mm with TBE ( P < .001). Conclusions: Smartphone-based endoscopy was found to be cheaper, quicker to set up, and to have marginally better image quality when transmitted via messaging than tower-based endoscopy, although the clinical significance of these visual differences are unknown. If appropriate for their needs, clinicians should consider smartphone-based endoscopy as a viable option for viewing and collaborating on endoscopic images from a fiberoptic endoscope.