bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polo-like kinase 1 promotes pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Chen Rongrong , Wang Hongfei , Zheng Cuiting , Zhang Xiyu , Li Li , Wang Shengwei , Chen Hongyu , Duan Jing , Zhou Xian , Peng Haiyong , Guo Jing , Zhang Anchen , Li Feifei , Wang Wang , Zhang Yu , Wang Jun , Wang Chen , Meng Yan , Du Xinling , Zhang Hongbing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPulmonary hypertension (PH) is a lethal vascular disease with limited therapeutic options. The mechanistic connections between alveolar hypoxia and PH are not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of mitotic regulator Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) in PH development.MethodsMouse lungs along with human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells were used to investigate the effects of hypoxia on PLK1. Hypoxia- or Sugen5416/hypoxia was applied to induce PH in mice.Plk1heterozygous knockout mice and PLK1 inhibitors (BI 2536 and BI 6727)-treated mice were checked for the significance of PLK1 in the development of PH.ResultsHypoxia stimulated PLK1 expression through induction of HIF1α and RELA. Mice with heterozygous deletion ofPlk1were partially resistant to hypoxia-induced PH. PLK1 inhibitors ameliorated PH in mice.ConclusionsAugmented PLK1 is essential for the development of PH and is a druggable target for PH.
Mechanisms of radiotherapy resistance and radiosensitization strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: An Lingbo , Li Mingyang , Jia Qingge 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the sixth most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with more than half of them occurred in China. Radiotherapy (RT) has been widely used for treating ESCC. However, radiation-induced DNA damage response (DDR) can promote the release of cytokines and chemokines, and triggers inflammatory reactions and changes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby inhibiting the immune function and causing the invasion and metastasis of ESCC. Radioresistance is the major cause of disease progression and mortality in cancer, and it is associated with heterogeneity. Therefore, a better understanding of the radioresistance mechanisms may generate more reversal strategies to improve the cure rates and survival periods of ESCC patients. We mainly summarized the possible mechanisms of radioresistance in order to reveal new targets for ESCC therapy. Then we summarized and compared the current strategies to reverse radioresistance.
Cell membrane-based nanomaterials for theranostics of central nervous system diseases
Authors: Li Wenyue , Cheng Junwei , He Fangfei , Zhang Peisen , Zhang Ni , Wang Jian , Song Qiliang , Hou Yi , Gan Zhihua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) diseases have been widely acknowledged as one of the major healthy concerns globally, which lead to serious impacts on human health. There will be about 135 million CNS diseases cases worldwide by mid-century, and CNS diseases will become the second leading cause of death after the cardiovascular disease by 2040. Most CNS diseases lack of effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies with one of the reasons that the biological barrier extremely hampers the delivery of theranostic agents. In recent years, nanotechnology-based drug delivery is a quite promising way for CNS diseases due to excellent properties. Among them, cell membrane-based nanomaterials with natural bio-surface, high biocompatibility and biosafety, are of great significance in both the diagnosis and treatment of different CNS diseases. In this review, the state of art of the fabrication of cell membranes-based nanomaterials is introduced. The characteristics of different CNS diseases, and the application of cell membranes-based nanomaterials in the theranostics are summarized. In addition, the future prospects and limitations of cell membrane nanotechnology are anticipated. Through summarizing the state of art of the fabrication, giving examples of CNS diseases, and highlighting the applications in theranostics, the current review provides designing methods and ideas for subsequent cell membrane nanomaterials.
Mackinawite nanozymes as reactive oxygen species scavengers for acute kidney injury alleviation
Authors: Xu Zhuobin , Zhu Yufei , Xie Mengke , Liu Kankan , Cai Liangliang , Wang Huihui , Li Dandan , Chen Hao , Gao Lizeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Iron sulfide nanomaterials have been successfully employed as therapeutic agents for bacterial infection therapy and catalytic-ferroptosis synergistic tumor therapy due to their unique structures, physiochemical properties, and biocompatibility. However, biomedical research and understanding of the biological functions of iron sulfides are insufficient, and how iron sulfide nanomaterials affect reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diseases remains unknown. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high levels of ROS, and therefore nanomedicine-mediated antioxidant therapy has emerged as a novel strategy for its alleviation.

Results
Here, mackinawite nanozymes were synthesized from glutathione (GSH) and iron ions (Fe3+) (denoted as GFeSNs) using a hydrothermal method, and then evaluated as ROS scavengers for ROS-related AKI treatment. GFeSNs showed broad-spectrum ROS scavenging ability through synergistic interactions of multiple enzymes-like and hydrogen polysulfide-releasing properties. Furthermore, both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that GFeSNs exhibited outstanding cytoprotective effects against ROS-induced damage at extremely low doses and significantly improved treatment outcomes in AKI.

Conclusions
Given the synergetic antioxidant properties and high biocompatibility, GFeSNs exhibit great potential for the treatment of AKI and other ROS-associated diseases.

Graphical Abstract
Surgical management and final outcomes of chondrosarcoma of the temporomandibular joint: case series and comprehensive literature review
Authors: Oh Hyun Jun , Yoon Hye-Jung , Huh Kyung-Hoe , Kim Bongju , Kwon Ik-Jae , Kim Soung Min , Park Joo Yong , Choi Sung Weon , Lee Jong-Ho 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgical management for chondrosarcoma of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is challenging due to the anatomical location involving the facial nerve and the functional joint. The purpose of this case series was to analyze the largest number of TMJ chondrosarcoma cases reported from a single institution and to review the literature about chondrosarcoma involving the TMJ.

Methods
Ten TMJ chondrosarcoma patients at Seoul National University Dental Hospital were included in this study. Radiographic features, surgical approaches, histopathologic subtypes, and treatment modalities were evaluated. All case reports of TMJ chondrosarcoma published in English from 1954 to 2021 were collected under PRISMA guidelines and comprehensively reviewed.

Results
The lesions were surgically resected in all 10 patients with efforts to preserve facial nerve function. Wide excision including margins of normal tissue was performed to ensure adequate resection margins. All TMJs were reconstructed with a metal condyle except one, which was reconstructed with vascularized costal bone. At last follow-up, all patients were still alive, and there had been no recurrence. Among 47 cases (patients from the literature and our cases), recurrence was specified in 43 and occurred in four (9.5%).

Conclusions
For surgical management of TMJ chondrosarcoma, wide excision must consider preservation of the facial nerve. Reconstruction using a metal condyle prosthesis and a vascularized free flap is reliable. A more conservative surgical approach correlates with a favorable prognosis for facial nerve recovery. Nevertheless, wide excision is imperative to prevent tumor recurrence. In cases in which the glenoid fossa is unaffected by the tumor, it is deemed unnecessary to reconstruct the glenoid fossa within an oncological setting.
Influenza A virus infection disrupts oligodendrocyte homeostasis and alters the myelin lipidome in the adult mouse
Authors: Louie Allison Y. , Kim Justin S. , Drnevich Jenny , Dibaeinia Payam , Koito Hisami , Sinha Saurabh , McKim Daniel B. , Soto-Diaz Katiria , Nowak Romana A. , Das Aditi , Steelman Andrew J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent data suggest that myelin may be altered by physiological events occurring outside of the central nervous system, which may cause changes to cognition and behavior. Similarly, peripheral infection by non-neurotropic viruses is also known to evoke changes to cognition and behavior.

Methods
Mice were inoculated with saline or influenza A virus. Bulk RNA-seq, lipidomics, RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, immunostaining, and western blots were used to determine the effect of infection on OL viability, protein expression and changes to the lipidome. To determine if microglia mediated infection-induced changes to OL homeostasis, mice were treated with GW2580, an inhibitor of microglia activation. Additionally, conditioned medium experiments using primary glial cell cultures were also used to test whether secreted factors from microglia could suppress OL gene expression.

Results
Transcriptomic and RT-qPCR analyses revealed temporal downregulation of OL-specific transcripts with concurrent upregulation of markers characteristic of cellular stress. OLs isolated from infected mice had reduced cellular expression of myelin proteins compared with those from saline-inoculated controls. In contrast, the expression of these proteins within myelin was not different between groups. Similarly, histological and immunoblotting analysis performed on various brain regions indicated that infection did not alter OL viability, but increased expression of a cellular stress marker. Shot-gun lipidomic analysis revealed that infection altered the lipid profile within the prefrontal cortex as well as in purified brain myelin and that these changes persisted after recovery from infection. Treatment with GW2580 during infection suppressed the expression of genes associated with glial activation and partially restored OL-specific transcripts to baseline levels. Finally, conditioned medium from activated microglia reduced OL-gene expression in primary OLs without altering their viability.

Conclusions
These findings show that peripheral respiratory viral infection with IAV is capable of altering OL homeostasis and indicate that microglia activation is likely involved in the process.
The COVID-19 pandemic and its possible impact on the treatment of odontogenic and intraoral abscesses
Authors: Grill Florian D. , Rothlauf Paulina , Ritschl Lucas M. , Deppe Herbert , Stimmer Herbert , Scheufele Florian , Schwarz Matthias , Wolff Klaus-Dietrich , Fichter Andreas M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMost odontogenic and intraoral abscesses can be treated on an outpatient basis with local anesthesia. However, severe disease progression may require an incision under general anesthesia (GA) with postoperative inpatient treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the first “COVID-19 year” in Germany and compare the first “COVID-19 year” with the two previous years. All consecutive cases with odontogenic or intraoral abscesses treated in an outpatient or inpatient setting between 2018 and 2021 were included in this study. Data were collected, including the type of anesthesia, length of hospital stay, and healthcare costs. Despite the lower total number of abscess treatments in the first year of COVID-19 (n = 298 patients) than that in the two previous years (n = 663 patients), the number of advanced abscesses requiring intervention under GA was significantly higher (p < 0.001). This increased burden of care was also reflected in increased healthcare costs. The measures taken against the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the course of other diseases, for example, odontogenic and intraoral abscesses. The results showed an emerging conflict in patient care during the pandemic crisis that should be considered in possible future pandemics.
The relationship of three‐dimensional foot morphology to clinical assessments and postural stability in adolescent male footballers
Authors: Fallon Verbruggen Ferdia , Marenčáková Jitka , Zahálka František 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundFoot morphology is associated with altered loading of the ankle–foot complex in adolescent footballers, predisposing to pain and injury. However, usual singular plane clinical assessments do not accurately capture the 3D nature of foot morphology. A new approach is 3D laser scanning, with statistical shape model techniques creating individual‐to‐group comparison. However, no research exists on the adolescent, football‐playing foot. Furthermore, a link between 3D foot morphology, and usual clinical and performance measures would be beneficial for practical implementation.MethodsFour hundred forty‐seven 3D foot scans from 224 elite male footballers (U12‐U19) in bilateral stance were collected and further processed with statistical shape model techniques. Weighted shape parameters for individual principal components (Modes) were extracted for each foot. Centre of pressure displacement expressed as total travelled way in millimetres was calculated for bilateral and unilateral postural stability measures. Clinical assessments (Clarke's Angle, Resting Calcaneal Stance Position) were calculated on the 3D foot scans. Differences in weighted shape parameters, postural stability measures, and clinical assessments between age groups were determined by ANOVA. Correlations determined the relationship of Modes and clinical assessments to postural stability measures. Linear regression established if clinical assessments predicted the mode describing foot arch variation.ResultsAge groups significantly differed for Mode 1 (foot length), Mode 2 (foot arch), and Mode 5 (tibial rotation relative to the foot) (p < 0.05). Resting Calcaneal Stance Position (r = .663) and Clarke's Angle (r = ‐.445) were low‐to‐moderately correlated to Mode 2 (both p < 0.001), and linear regression found they were both significant predictors of Mode 2, though only moderately (R2 = .522). There were low correlations of foot morphology to the postural stability tests.ConclusionThis is the first study to describe the 3D foot morphology of male football‐playing adolescents, and discover the differences between age groups. This will improve understanding and assessment of foot morphology in male adolescents because 2D techniques, as discovered in this study, do not strongly correlate to, nor predict, the 3D foot arch. Foot morphology was only lowly correlated to postural stability, thus a multifaceted program would be required for improvements.
MyKid’sNutrition mobile application trial: a randomized controlled trial to promote mothers’ nutritional knowledge and nutritional status of preschool children with undernutrition—a study protocol
Authors: Hojati Ali , Alesaeidi Sogol , Izadi Saeideh , Nikniaz Alireza , Farhangi Mahdieh Abbasalizad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Childhood malnutrition is a crucial public health issue in developing countries. Mothers’ nutritional knowledge significantly affects children’s nutritional status. It also appears that mothers with low health literacy are unable to adequately meet their children’s nutritional needs because they do not clearly understand their children’s nutrition and malnutrition status.

Methods
This randomized controlled trial aims to describe the development and study protocol of the MyKid’sNutrition application, a smartphone-based intervention for mothers of preschool (2–6 years old) children. The application contains several contents on children’s healthy eating, childhood underweight, children’s loss of appetite, and child growth assessment. As part of the MyKid’sNutrition trial, a total of 116 participants will be randomized 1:1 either to (a) treatment as usual and MyKid’sNutrition or (b) treatment as usual alone. The results of this trial will be based on changes in growth indicators and mothers’ nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practice within the groups and the differences between them.

Discussion
Due to their widespread availability throughout society, smartphones can be used to deliver educational content on a large scale at a low cost. In addition, they can provide novel ways for patients to receive support. Hence, it is essential to conduct research studies on these types of interventions. MyKid’sNutrition application offers dietary solutions for such nutritional problems as underweight, loss of appetite, and malnutrition in children. Meanwhile, it provides detailed instructions on how to interact with the child.

Trial registration
IRCT.ir IRCT20140907019082N11. Registered on February 19, 2022.
Effect of postoperative application of esketamine on postoperative depression and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Yu Kaili , Song Zhenguo , Zhang Bowen , Pan Qian , Gan Shan , Yang Shaoyong , Yang Quanyong , Zuo Xinhua , Yin Yiqing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is traumatic, difficult to perform, and has a high incidence of postoperative complications and perioperative mortality. Postoperative complications and pain occur frequently and seriously affect the psychological status of patients. Esketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, has analgesic and antidepressant effects. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of esketamine on postoperative depression and pain in patients undergoing PD.

Methods/design
This prospective, single-center, randomized control trial will include 80 patients who will undergo elective PD. The patients will be randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group that will receive esketamine (n = 40) and the control group (n = 40). In the esketamine group, the analgesic pump will be connected immediately after surgery. A solution of esketamine 1.5 mg/kg + sufentanil 2 µg/kg, diluted to 150 mL, will be administered continuously for 72 h at the background infusion and impact doses of 1 mL/h and 2 mL/time, respectively; the locking time will be 10 min. The control group will receive sufentanil 2 µg/kg that will be administered as per the esketamine group. The primary outcome will be the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) score on the third day post-surgery (POD3). Secondary study indicators will include (1) visual analog scale (VAS) score and HAMD-17 score prior to surgery, immediately after entering the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days after surgery; (2) Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days after surgery; (3) consumed doses of sufentanil and esketamine after surgery; (4) postoperative analgesia pump effective press times, rescue analgesia times, and rescue drug dosage, recording the number of rescue analgesia and rescue drug dosage at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h after the patient enters the PACU; (5) postoperative complications and adverse events; (6) postoperative hospital stay; (7) concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNP), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin-6, at 1, 3, and, 5 days post-surgery; and (8) the patient survival rate at 6 and 12 months post-surgery.

Discussion
The study hypothesis is that the postoperative HAMD-17 and VAS scores, incidence of postoperative adverse reactions, and concentration of serum markers BDNP, 5-HT, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the experimental group will be lower than those in the control group.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ChiCTR2200066303. Registered on November 30, 2022.
Protocol version: 1.0
Whole lung lavage decreases physiological dead space in patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: two case reports
Authors: Fujihara Tatsuya , Shono Atsuko , Katayama Nozomi , Nikai Tetsuro , Shiratsuki Yohei , Amano Yoshihiro , Saito Yoji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare disease characterized by progressive accumulation of the alveolar surfactant. Whole lung lavage (WLL) using a high volume of warmed saline remains the standard therapy. However, no established bedside monitoring tool can evaluate the physiological effect of WLL in the perioperative period. Indirect calorimetry, which is generally used to measure resting energy expenditure, can detect carbon dioxide (CO2) production and mixed-expired partial pressure of CO2 breath by breath. In this physiological study, we calculated CO2 elimination per breath (VTCO2,br) and Enghoff’s dead space using indirect calorimetry and measured the extravascular lung water index to reveal the effect of WLL.

Case presentation
We measured VTCO2,br, Enghoff’s dead space, and the extravascular lung water and cardiac indices before and after WLL to assess the reduction in shunt by washing out the surfactant. A total of four WLLs were performed in two PAP patients. The first case involved an Asian 62-year-old man who presented with a 3-month history of dyspnea on exertion. The second case involved an Asian 48-year-old woman with no symptoms. VTCO2,br increased, and the Enghoff’s dead space decreased at 12 h following WLL. An increase in the extravascular lung water was detected immediately following WLL, leading to a transient increase in Enghoff’s dead space.

Conclusion
WLL can increase efficient alveolar ventilation by washing out the accumulated surfactant. However, the lavage fluid may be absorbed into the lung tissues immediately after WLL and result in an increase in the extravascular lung water.
Joint optimization of energy trading and consensus mechanism in blockchain-empowered smart grids: a reinforcement learning approach
Authors: Wang Ruohan , Chen Yunlong , Li Entang , Che Lixuan , Xin Hongwei , Li Jing , Zhang Xueyao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnder the trend of green development, the traditional fossil fuel and centralized energy management models are no longer applicable, and distributed energy systems that can efficiently utilize clean energy have become the key to research in the energy field nowadays. However, there are still many problems in distributed energy trading systems, such as user privacy protection and mutual trust in trading, how to ensure the high quality and reliability of energy services, and how to motivate energy suppliers to participate in trading. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a blockchain-based smart grid system that enables efficient energy trading and consensus optimization, enabling electricity consumers to obtain high-quality, reliable energy services and electricity suppliers to receive rich rewards, and motivating all parties to actively participate in trading to maintain the balance of the system. We propose a reputation value assessment algorithm to evaluate the reputation of electricity suppliers to ensure that electricity consumers receive quality energy services. To minimize the cost, maximize the benefit for the electricity suppliers and optimize the system, we present an algorithm based on reinforcement learning DDPG to determine the power supplier, power generation capacity, and consensus mechanism between nodes to obtain power trading rights in each round. Simulation results show that the proposed energy trading scheme has good performance in terms of rewards.