bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral theta‐burst stimulation on emotional processing in major depressive disorder: A functional neuroimaging study from a randomized, double‐blind, sham‐controlled trial
Authors: Chou Po‐Han , Tu Cheng‐Hao , Chen Chun‐Ming , Lu Ming‐Kuei , Tsai Chon‐Haw , Hsieh Wan‐Ting , Lai Hui‐Chen , Satyanarayanan Senthil Kumaran , Su Kuan‐Pin 
Published: December 2022

AimBilateral theta‐burst stimulation (biTBS; intermittent TBS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC] and continuous TBS over the right DLPFC) has demonstrated efficacy in improving symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the underlying brain mechanisms remain unknown. The authors aimed to investigate the antidepressant efficacy of biTBS monotherapy and its effects on the brain responses measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during emotional processing in MDD.MethodsThe authors conducted a double‐blind, randomized, sham‐controlled trial of patients with MDD who exhibited no responses to at least one adequate antidepressant treatment for the prevailing episode. Recruited patients were randomly assigned to 10 biTBS monotherapy or sham stimulation sessions. The fMRI scans during performing emotional recognition task were obtained at baseline and after 10 sessions of treatment. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 21‐item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression at baseline and the weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 week.ResultsThe biTBS group (n = 17) exhibited significant decreases in depression scores compared with the sham group (n = 11) at week 8 (70% vs 40%; P = 0.02), and the significant differences persisted during the 24‐week follow‐up periods. At week 4, when the treatment course was completed, patients in the biTBS group, but not in the sham group, exhibited increased brain activities over the left superior and middle frontal gyrus during negative emotional stimuli.ConclusionThe authors’ findings provide the first evidence regarding the underlying neural mechanisms of biTBS therapy to improve clinical symptoms in patients with MDD.
Alveolar ridge preservation: Complications and cost‐effectiveness
Authors: Barootchi Shayan , Tavelli Lorenzo , Majzoub Jad , Stefanini Martina , Wang Hom‐Lay , Avila‐Ortiz Gustavo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlveolar ridge preservation is routinely indicated in clinical practice with the purpose of attenuating postextraction ridge atrophy. Over the past two decades numerous clinical studies and reviews on this topic have populated the literature. In recent years the focus has primarily been on analyzing efficacy outcomes pertaining to postextraction dimensional changes, whereas other relevant facets of alveolar ridge preservation therapy have remained unexplored. With this premise, we carried out a comprehensive evidence‐based assessment of the complications associated with different modalities of alveolar ridge preservation and modeled the cost‐effectiveness of different therapeutic modalities as a function of changes in ridge width and height. We conclude that, among allogeneic and xenogeneic bone graft materials, increased expenditure does not translate into increased effectiveness of alveolar ridge preservation therapy. On the other hand, a significant association between expenditure on a barrier membrane and reduced horizontal and vertical ridge resorption was observed, though only to a certain degree, beyond which the return on investment was significantly diminished.
Social institutions, gender attitudes and female labour force participation in sub‐Saharan Africa
Authors: Zawaira Tendai , Clance Matthew , Chisadza Carolyn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUsing data from the Ethnographic Atlas and World Values Survey within a structural equation modelling (GSEM) framework, we analyse how historical social institutions and current gender attitudes influence female employment outcomes, specifically female labour force participation in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). We find that patriarchal systems generally reduce female labour force participation, in relation to matriarchal systems. We also find that current gender attitudes have negative effects that appear to be dominated by the historical social institutions. The findings suggest that historical social institutions are important in understanding gender dynamics in SSA because they inform on gender identification and appropriate gender roles.
External merge in spec,CP: Complementizers projecting an argument
Authors: Burukina Irina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe standard assumption that spec,CP is always an A′ position has been questioned for several languages where embedded C heads are involved in agreement and case assignment; however, the idea that no XP can be introduced in spec,CP by external merge has remained unchallenged. The article presents novel data from control phenomena in Mari (Uralic; nominative, SOV) and argues that, in this language, a particular type of C head is capable of thematically licensing an overt argument externally merged in spec,CP: the complementizer manən used in infinitival complement clauses projects a dative goal of communication. This behavior of manən follows from its dual nature: it is a semigrammaticalized verb ‘say’ that retains some lexical characteristics. I further suggest that the dative goal can be considered an overt realization of the addressee discourse variable, in line with the recent work on the presence of speaker, addressee, and logophoric center in syntax.
Effects of HIV infection and/or malaria on maternal and neonatal health in a high‐prevalence setting
Authors: Jaén‐Sánchez Nieves , González‐Azpeitia Gloria , Carranza‐Rodriguez Cristina , Muianganisso Anselmo Joaquim , Torres Laura Vallejo , Pérez‐Arellano José Luis 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveHIV infection and malaria have been associated with different complications during pregnancy and delivery. HIV‐positive pregnant women are at increased risk for all adverse outcomes of malaria during pregnancy. The main objective was to analyse the obstetric and perinatal consequences of malaria, HIV infection and HIV/malaria co‐infection in pregnant women and newborns, which has been less well evaluated.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out in the Maternity Service of the Provincial Hospital of Tete Mozambique, involving completion of a structured questionnaire that included demographic data, and information on the current pregnancy, delivery and the newborn. In total, 819 women (13–45 years old) in the immediate postpartum period were enrolled between 1 March and 31 October 2016.ResultsThe overall prevalence of HIV and malaria, considered separately, in pregnant women was ~12% (103 women with HIV and 101 with malaria). Only one‐fifth of HIV‐infected women knew their HIV status before pregnancy. A significantly higher proportion of women with HIV attended four or more antenatal care visits than women without HIV. Caesarean section was less frequent in HIV patients, and peripartum urinary infection was more frequent than in seronegative women (13/103 [12.6%] vs. 34/716 [4.7%]). HIV/malaria co‐infection were 17/819 (2%) and was significantly associated with the development of pre‐eclampsia when HIV‐infected patients received anti‐retroviral treatment, and with an increase in urinary tract infections around delivery. With respect to the newborn, co‐infection increased the frequency of early neonatal death, as well as neonatal asphyxia and jaundice.ConclusionsIn Mozambique, the prevalence of malaria and HIV infection in women of childbearing age continues to be high and contributes additively to complications during pregnancy and childbirth, and in the newborn. Therefore, integrating HIV, malaria and reproductive health services is essential if maternal and foetal outcomes are to improve.
The Military–Strategic Factor in the Economic Policy of the “Khrushchev Decade”
Authors: Artemov E. T. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The role of the military–strategic factor in determining the main trends of the economic policy of the “Khrushchev decade” is analyzed. It is noted that the limitation of military spending after Stalin’s death made it possible to reduce disproportions in the country’s economy. As a result, the pace of its development increased and the well-being of the population grew noticeably. Based on the successes achieved, long-term plans were made. They envisaged the acceleration of economic growth and the improvement of the material well-being of the Soviet people. However, the publicized plans proved unworkable. The desire of the Soviet leadership to strengthen radically the position of the Soviet Union in the international arena in the conditions of the Cold War turned into a return to the policy of unlimited buildup of military power and a decrease in investment activity. As a result, instead of acceleration, at the turn of the 1950s–1960s, there were a decline in the rate of economic growth, stagnation, and even a decline in the standard of living of the population.
Peter I and Modern Historiography: Reflections on the 350th Anniversary of the Great Reformer
Authors: Zakharov V. N. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Some features of the historiography covering the rule of Peter I are considered. The criticism of Petrine transformations that influenced the activities of merchants and the development of foreign trade and estimated judgments about the founding of St. Petersburg and its capital status is analyzed. A statement is put forward about Peter’s reforms as the starting point of Russia’s New Age.
Regulation of the Placental Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Early- and Late-Onset Preeclampsia
Authors: Artemieva K. A. , Nizyaeva N. V. , Baev O. R. , Romanov A. Yu. , Khlestova G. V. , Boltovskaya M. N. , Shchegolev A. I. , Kakturskiy L. V. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the most dangerous complications of pregnancy, characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and symptoms of multiple organ failure, which are detected de novo after 20 weeks of pregnancy. The renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) is one of the first to recognize pregnancy and is an important regulator of blood pressure. The placenta has its own RAAS, the role of which in the development of PE is not fully understood. In this work, for the first time, we characterized the expression of RAAS components and miRNAs controlling it in the placenta at various times of PE manifestation. The data obtained will allow the development of a new strategy in the future for the search for therapeutic agents for patients suffering from PE and cardiovascular diseases.
Modified pulpotomy procedure in immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Xiao Wen , Chi Zhengbing , Shi Wentao , Wang Jun 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a modified pulpotomy (MP) procedure in immature permanent teeth with apical periodontitis (AP).DesignRandomised controlled trial.SettingOne public hospital in Shanghai, ChinaParticipantsA total of 33 teeth (31 patients) with a definitive diagnosis of AP with radiographic periapical radiolucency were recruited in this study. All the patients (teeth) completed the study accordingly.Methods and interventionPatients were randomly assigned to either MP or apexification treatment groups and were followed up for 12 months. Clinical symptoms and complications were recorded, and parallel periapical radiographic images were used to measure changes in root length and apical diameter. Wilcoxon’s rank sum test and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes between MP and apexification, and analysed with analysis of variance.Main outcome measureThe primary outcome was increase in root length at 12 months. The secondary outcomes included tooth survival, clinical success and decrease in apical diameter.ResultsMP group showed a significant increase in root length (10.05%±2.14% vs 1.16%±0.79%, p<0.05) at 12 months and a decrease in apical diameter (48.88%±10.42% vs 15.90%±8.88%, p<0.05) as compared with the apexification group. The tooth survival rate was 100%, and 90.91% (30/33) of teeth were asymptomatic with apical healing in both treatment groups (p>0.05).ConclusionsMP can be an option for treating immature permanent teeth with AP. MP showed better performance in terms of continued root maturation than apexification. MP and apexification achieved comparable outcomes with regard to the resolution of clinical symptoms and apical healing.Trial registration numberChiCTR-INR-17012169.
Understanding how patients’ pain beliefs influence chronic low back pain management in Ghana: a grounded theory approach
Authors: Ampiah Josephine Ahenkorah , Moffatt Fiona , Diver Claire , Ampiah Paapa Kwesi 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionChronic low back pain (CLBP) is associated with negative consequences in high and low/middle-income countries. Pain beliefs are important psychosocial factors that affect the occurrence and progression of CLBP and may be influenced by the sociocultural context and interactions with healthcare professionals (HCPs). The pain beliefs of Ghanaian patients with CLBP are unknown and the factors influencing pain beliefs in African contexts are unclear.ObjectivesTo explore the pain beliefs of Ghanaian patients with CLBP, how they influence CLBP management/coping and to identify the mechanisms influencing them.DesignQualitative study using individual semistructured face-to-face interviews, situated within Straussian grounded theory principles and critical realist philosophy.ParticipantsThirty patients with CLBP accessing physiotherapy at two teaching hospitals in Ghana.ResultsParticipants suggested dominant biomedical/mechanical beliefs (related to CLBP causes, posture and activity, and the belief of an endpoint/cure for CLBP). Maladaptive beliefs and practices, in particular fear-avoidance beliefs, and dependence on passive management and coping, were common among participants. These beliefs and practices were mostly influenced by HCPs and sociocultural expectations/norms. Although spirituality, pacing activity and prescribed exercises were commonly mentioned by participants, other active strategies and positive beliefs were expressed by a few participants and influenced by patients’ themselves. Limited physiotherapy involvement, knowledge and awareness were also reported by participants, and this appeared to be influenced by the limited physiotherapy visibility in Ghana.ConclusionParticipants’ narratives suggested the dominant influence of HCPs and the sociocultural environment on their biomedical/mechanical beliefs. These facilitated maladaptive beliefs and adoption of passive coping and management practices. Therefore, incorporation of more positive beliefs and holistic/active strategies by Ghanaian patients and HCPs may be beneficial. Furthermore, patient empowerment and health literacy opportunities to address unhelpful CLBP/sociocultural beliefs and equip patients with management options for CLBP could be beneficial.
Effectiveness of interprofessional communication skills training for oncology teams: study protocol for a three-arm cluster randomised trial (KommRhein Interpro)
Authors: Karger Andre , Petermann-Meyer Andrea , Vitinius Frank , Geiser Franziska , Kraus Daria , Ernsten Luisa , Mayers Antonia J , Heuser Christian , Hiltrop Kati , Bremen Rebecca , Marx Ambra , Ernstmann Nicole 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionPatient–provider communication is an important factor influencing the quality of care in oncology. The study examines the comparative effectiveness of a 10-hour interprofessional communication skills training (CST) programme for physicians and nurses in cancer centres.Methods and analysisKommRhein Interpro is a cluster-randomised trial sponsored by the German Cancer Aid (Deutsche Krebshilfe, DKH) and conducted at the cancer centres of the university hospitals of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Düsseldorf. Thirty oncology teams of four cancer centres are randomly assigned to three study arms, providing healthcare professionals with either (a) only written information on patient-centred communication or (b) written information plus CST for physicians or (c) written information plus interprofessional CST for physicians and nurses. For summative evaluation, standardised surveys from three measurement points for patients (T0pat: study enrollment; T1pat: after discharge; T2pat: 3 months’ follow-up) and two measurement points for physicians and nurses (T0hcp: before the intervention; T1hcp: after the intervention) are used. N=1320 valid patient cases are needed for data evaluation. The primary endpoint is fear of progression in patients with cancer after discharge. Data will be analysed according to the intention-to-treat principle using a mixed model for repeated measurement. Secondary outcome is the providers’ self-efficacy in patient centeredness. Individual confounders and possible moderating effects of organisational factors will be considered. Secondary analysis will be performed by means of multilevel analysis and structural equation modelling.Ethics and disseminationA vote of approval has been obtained from the ethics committees of the medical faculties of RWTH Aachen University (EK325/20), University of Bonn (391/20), University of Cologne (20–1332) and Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (2019–796). Data protection regulations are adhered to for all processed data. The conduct of the study will be monitored. Dissemination strategies include a transfer workshop with cancer teams and distribution of the final study report to participants.Trial registration numberDRKS00022563; DRKS (German Clinical Trials Register).
Process evaluation of the scale-up of integrated diabetes and hypertension care in Belgium, Cambodia and Slovenia (the SCUBY Project): a study protocol
Authors: Martens Monika , Wouters Edwin , van Olmen Josefien , Klemenc Ketiš Zalika , Chhim Srean , Chham Savina , Buffel Veerle , Danhieux Katrien , Stojnić Nataša , Zavrnik Črt , Poplas Susič Antonija , Van Damme Wim , Ir Por , Remmen Roy , Ku Grace Marie V , Klipstein-Grobusch Kerstin , Boateng Daniel 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionIntegrated care interventions for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension (HT) are effective, yet challenges exist with regard to their implementation and scale-up. The ‘SCale-Up diaBetes and hYpertension care’ (SCUBY) Project aims to facilitate the scale-up of integrated care for T2D and HT through the co-creation and implementation of contextualised scale-up roadmaps in Belgium, Cambodia and Slovenia. We hereby describe the plan for the process and scale-up evaluation of the SCUBY Project. The specific goals of the process and scale-up evaluation are to (1) analyse how, and to what extent, the roadmap has been implemented, (2) assess how the differing contexts can influence the implementation process of the scale-up strategies and (3) assess the progress of the scale-up.Methods and analysisA comprehensive framework was developed to include process and scale-up evaluation embedded in implementation science theory. Key implementation outcomes include acceptability, feasibility, relevance, adaptation, adoption and cost of roadmap activities. A diverse range of predominantly qualitative tools—including a policy dialogue reporting form, a stakeholder follow-up interview and survey, project diaries and policy mapping—were developed to assess how stakeholders perceive the scale-up implementation process and adaptations to the roadmap. The role of context is considered relevant, and barriers and facilitators to scale-up will be continuously assessed.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained from the Institutional Review Board (ref. 1323/19) at the Institute of Tropical Medicine (Antwerp, Belgium). The SCUBY Project presents a comprehensive framework to guide the process and scale-up evaluation of complex interventions in different health systems. We describe how implementation outcomes, mechanisms of impact and scale-up outcomes can be a basis to monitor adaptations through a co-creation process and to guide other scale-up interventions making use of knowledge translation and co-creation activities.
Hospitalised COVID-19 outcomes are predicted by hypoxaemia and pneumonia phenotype irrespective of the timing of their emergence
Authors: Salter Brittany , DeBenedictis Bianca , Spatafora Laura , Kapralik Jessica , Luo Candice , Qiu Steven , Dawson Laura , Junek Mats , Pitre Tyler , Jones Aaron , Beauchamp Marla , Kruisselbrink Rebecca , Duong MyLinh , Costa Andrew P , Tsang Jennifer LY , Ho Terence 
Published: December 2022

Despite the known clinical importance of hypoxemia and pneumonia, there is a paucity of evidence for these variables with respect to risk of mortality and short-term outcomes among those hospitalised with COVID-19.ObjectiveDescribe the prevalence and clinical course of patients hospitalised with COVID-19 based on oxygenation and pneumonia status at presentation and determine the incidence of emergent hypoxaemia or radiographic pneumonia during admission.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted using a Canadian regional registry. Patients were stratified according to hypoxaemia/pneumonia phenotype and prevalence. Clinical parameters were compared between phenotypes using χ2and one-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Cox analysis estimated adjusted Hazard Ratios (HR) for associations between disease outcomes and phenotypes.ResultsAt emergency department (ED) admission, the prevalence of pneumonia and hypoxaemia was 43% and 50%, respectively, and when stratified to phenotypes: 28.2% hypoxaemia+/pneumonia+, 22.2% hypoxaemia+/pneumonia−, 14.5% hypoxaemia−/pneumonia+and 35.1% hypoxaemia−/pneumonia−. Mortality was 31.1% in the hypoxaemia+/pneumonia−group and 26.3% in the hypoxaemia+/pneumonia+group. Hypoxaemia with pneumonia and without pneumonia predicted higher probability of death. Hypoxaemia either <24 hours or ≥24 hours after hospitalisation predicted higher mortality and need for home oxygen compared with those without hypoxaemia. Patients with early hypoxaemia had higher probability of Intensive care unit (ICU) admission compared with those with late hypoxaemia.ConclusionMortality in COVID-19 infection is predicted by hypoxaemia with or without pneumonia and was greatest in patients who initially presented with hypoxaemia. The emergence of hypoxaemia was predicted by radiographic pneumonia. Patients with early and emergent hypoxaemia had similar mortality but were less likely to be admitted to ICU. There may be delayed identification of hypoxaemia, which prevents timely escalation of care.