bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement of predictive accuracies of functional outcomes after subacute stroke inpatient rehabilitation by machine learning models
Authors: Miyazaki Yuta , Kawakami Michiyuki , Kondo Kunitsugu , Tsujikawa Masahiro , Honaga Kaoru , Suzuki Kanjiro , Tsuji Tetsuya 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
Stepwise linear regression (SLR) is the most common approach to predicting activities of daily living at discharge with the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) in stroke patients, but noisy nonlinear clinical data decrease the predictive accuracies of SLR. Machine learning is gaining attention in the medical field for such nonlinear data. Previous studies reported that machine learning models, regression tree (RT), ensemble learning (EL), artificial neural networks (ANNs), support vector regression (SVR), and Gaussian process regression (GPR), are robust to such data and increase predictive accuracies. This study aimed to compare the predictive accuracies of SLR and these machine learning models for FIM scores in stroke patients.

Methods
Subacute stroke patients (N = 1,046) who underwent inpatient rehabilitation participated in this study. Only patients’ background characteristics and FIM scores at admission were used to build each predictive model of SLR, RT, EL, ANN, SVR, and GPR with 10-fold cross-validation. The coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) values were compared between the actual and predicted discharge FIM scores and FIM gain.

Results
Machine learning models (R2 of RT = 0.75, EL = 0.78, ANN = 0.81, SVR = 0.80, GPR = 0.81) outperformed SLR (0.70) to predict discharge FIM motor scores. The predictive accuracies of machine learning methods for FIM total gain (R2 of RT = 0.48, EL = 0.51, ANN = 0.50, SVR = 0.51, GPR = 0.54) were also better than of SLR (0.22).

Conclusions
This study suggested that the machine learning models outperformed SLR for predicting FIM prognosis. The machine learning models used only patients’ background characteristics and FIM scores at admission and more accurately predicted FIM gain than previous studies. ANN, SVR, and GPR outperformed RT and EL. GPR could have the best predictive accuracy for FIM prognosis.
Replacing Notorious: Barret, Ginsburg, and Postfeminist Positioning
Authors: Coker Calvin R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This essay offers a rhetorical reading of Amy Coney Barrett's confirmation hearings to make sense of how widespread outrage over replacing the late Ruth Bader Ginsburg with a conservative idealogue was resolved through the invocation of postfeminist motherhood. I argue that GOP Senators and Barrett herself positioned her nomination as the achievement of feminist goals, justified through rhetorics of choice and the idealization of (white) motherhood. These strategies cement Barrett as the logical and defensible successor to both Ginsburg's seat and her legacy of feminist work. I conclude with the implications of this circulation of postfeminist motherhood, with focus on political movements for equality and treatment of women.
The Paradigm of Islamic Legal Sociology Towards Counterfeit Books Transactions in The Yogyakarta
Authors: Maulana Diky Faqih , Rozak Abdul , Mursyid Achmad Yafik 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe more rapid development of civilization is directly proportional to the rapid pace of economic activity, including the buying and selling activity of counterfeit goods. In An-Nisa verse 29, it is explained that it is prohibited to eat property in vanity, so according to the Copyright Law the transaction is clearly against the law. Departing from this background, what is the mechanism for the practice of buying and selling Counterfeit goods? Why is this practice still being done? What is the perspective of the sociology of Islamic law on this case? This type of research is field research, deductive analytic with a sociology of law approach. The conclusion of this study is, this practice is carried out when a book supplier offers pirated books to sellers at an agreed price or booksellers order from suppliers according to consumer demand. This practice still occurs due to the demands of the seller's economy, buyers' high interest in reading and weak sanctions. This practice is included in the category of complaint offense, where if no party feels aggrieved and reports there will be no legal process. This state in Islam is called 'urf fasid.AbstrakSemakin pesatnya perkembangan peradaban, berbanding lurus dengan pesatnya aktivitas ekonomi tidak terkecuali aktivitas jual beli barang counterfeit. Dalam An-Nisa ayat 29 dijelaskan dilarang memakan harta secara batil, begitupula menurut UU Hak Cipta transaksi tersebut jelas melanggar hukum. Berangkat dari latar belakang tersebut, Bagaimana mekanisme praktik jual beli barang Counterfeit ? Mengapa praktik ini masih dilakukan ? Bagaimana perspektif sosiologi hukum Islam terhadap kasus tersebut ? Jenis penelitian ini adalah field research, bersifat deduktif analitik dengan pendekatan sosiologi hukum. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah, praktik ini dilakukan ketika supplier buku menawarkan buku bajakan kepada para penjual dengan harga yang disepakati atau penjual buku memesan kepada supplier sesuai permintaan konsumen. Praktik ini masih terjadi karena tuntutan ekonomi penjual, minat baca yang tinggi pembeli dan lemahnya sanksi. Praktik tersebut termasuk kategori delik aduan, dimana apabila tidak ada pihak yang merasa dirugikan dan melaporkan maka tidak akan ada proses hukum. Keadaan ini dalam Islam disebut ‘urf fasid.
Parametric study of retrofitted reinforced concrete columns with steel cages and predicting load distribution and compressive stress in columns using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Abdulwahed Larah R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recently, the use of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is becoming very common worldwide. Because of earthquakes or poor design, some of these structures need to be retrofitted. Among different methods of retrofitting a structure, we have utilized a steel cage to support a column under axial load. The numerical modeling of a retrofitted column with a steel cage is carried out by the finite-element method in ABAQUS, and the effectiveness of the number of strips, size of strips, size of angles, RC head, the strips’ thickness, and the steel cage’s mechanical properties are studied on 15 different case studies by the single factorial method. These parameters proved to be very effective on the load distribution of the column because by choosing the optimum case, lower amounts of force are born by the column. By increasing the number of strips, the steel cage would reach 52% of the total load. This value for the size of strips and angles’ size is 48 and 50%, respectively. However, the thickness of the strips does not have a significant effect on the load bearing of the column. In order to fully predict the load distribution of the retrofitted columns, the data of the present study are utilized to propose a predictive model for N
c/P
FEM and N
c/P
FEM using artificial neural networks. The model had an error of 1.56 (MAE), and the coefficient of determination was 0.97. This model proved to be so accurate that it could replace time-consuming numerical modeling and tedious experiments.
Research on dynamical properties of a three-wheeled electric vehicle from the point of view of driving safety
Authors: Blatnický Miroslav , Dižo Ján , Suchánek Andrej , Šťastniak Pavol 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Many vehicles in urban and suburban environment are occupied just by one passenger, i.e. by a driver. Therefore, it is worth to think about vehicles, which would be smaller and lighter and which would include environmental-friendly power source. One such vehicle is the presented three-wheeled electric vehicle. This vehicle is designed for one passenger and it is powered by an ecologic electric powertrain. Therefore, it is necessary to research its driving properties. There are two types of vehicle designs, an original design and a modified design with a reworked body. Both are characterised by the symmetrical distribution of the mass to the longitudinal axis. In terms of driving properties of the vehicle, overturning stability during cornering and vertical dynamics in terms of safety are assessed for both original and modified designs. The article presents the main description of the original and modified designs of the three-wheeled vehicle and results from simulation computations focused on analysis of the over-turning stability. It has been revealed that the original vehicle, which is lighter, has better dynamical properties in curves with regards to driving and the higher total weight of the modified vehicle is safer in terms of vertical dynamics.
SAR reduction techniques for WBAN and mobile applications
Authors: Rajan Vijay Gokul Selva , Kaliappan Kavitha , Natarajan Suresh Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent years there has been a substantial growth in the usage of wireless gadgets in various fields like mobile communication, health monitoring, warfare communications, etc. However, the performance of the antenna is evaluated by the parameters like gain, directivity and bandwidth, VSWR and is enhanced as a continuous process. But on the other side, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) is a parameter that is likely to be watched out for the safety concern which should be as low as possible for any antenna to ensure the minimum risk to human health. Many researchers have contributed an enormous amount of work to the SAR reduction. From this perspective, this work proposes a brief survey on low SAR antennas. An optimal low SAR antenna needs a perfect lossless impedance matching over a lossy medium (human body) for the eradication of spurious surface waves. The deployment of SAR reduction strategies, outcomes of the design, and open-end research challenges with the relative results are addressed as a part of the survey. The core impulse of this work is to induct the antenna designers to get indulged in designing low SAR antenna with enhanced performance for several WBAN applications like health monitoring and many more.
Corrosion and wear resistance of the Al/steel dissimilar weld metals by using multi-principal filler materials
Authors: Han Shanguo , Li Bin , Yang Yongqiang , Xu Maobao , Liu Dejia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Multi-principal filler materials via a high-entropy design have been reported to successfully finish the dissimilar metal joining of Al alloy to steel and to reduce the amount of Fe-Al IMCs in weld metals. However, few studies have concentrated on the corrosion and wear resistance of the Al/steel dissimilar weld metals by using multi-principal filler materials. In this study, the joining of Al 6061 alloy to 304 stainless steel served as the research object. Three types of filler materials including CoZnCuMn0.8Si0.2, FeCoCrNiMn, and AlSi12 powders were used. The effects of multi-principal filler materials on the corrosion behavior and wear resistance of the weld metals were evaluated. It was found that the weld metals by using multi-principal filler materials presented the contents of chemical elements in the range of 5–35 at%. The thermodynamic environment with a low ΔG

mix
was formed in the weld metals. Compared to the AlSi12 sample, the FeCoCrNiMn sample had excellent corrosion resistance in NaCl solution, whereas the CoZnCuMn0.8Si0.2 sample had excellent corrosion resistance in HCl solution. Moreover, the weld metals by using multi-principal filler materials had a better wear resistance compared to that of the AlSi12 sample. The wear loss of the CoZnCuMn0.8Si0.2 and FeCoCrNiMn samples was 4.5% and 11.4% of that of the Al 6061 alloy, respectively. Abrasive wear was the main wear mode for the weld metals by using multi-principal filler materials.
Deep auto-encoder network for mechanical fault diagnosis of high-voltage circuit breaker operating mechanism
Authors: Yang Qiuping , Hao Fang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To improve the accuracy of the mechanical fault diagnosis of the operating mechanism and fully exploit the characteristic information in the vibration signal of the high-voltage circuit breaker, a mechanical fault diagnosis method of the operating mechanism of the high-voltage circuit breaker based on the deep self-encoding network is proposed. First, the vibration signal of the switch operating mechanism is extracted, the wavelet packet conversion is performed, and the vibration signal of each frequency band is divided into equal times. The energy of the time–frequency subplane of the vibration signal is then calculated, and the time–frequency energy distribution is used as a switch. Finally, a breaker failure diagnostic model based on the deep self-coding network is established. Pretraining and tuning and a 126 kV high-voltage switch are used to simulate different types of faults and validate the method. Experimental results show that this method can acquire sample failure data and perform failure diagnosis, and the diagnosis accuracy rate reaches 97.5%. The deep self-coding network can fully pierce deep information on the switch vibration signal.
Research on a high-precision real-time improvement method for aero-engine component-level model
Authors: Zheng Qiangang , Li Liangliang , Zhang Haibo , Chen Jiajie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In order to improve the real-time performance of the aero-engine Component-Level Model (CLM) while ensuring accuracy, a method for the Calculation of Thermodynamic Parameters of Working Fluids (CTPWF) based on a Neural Network and Newton Raphson (NN-NR) is proposed. In this method, the enthalpy or entropy under different fuel-air ratio and humidity conditions is mapped to temperature by a neural network, and the mapping output is used as the initial solution of Newton Raphson (NR) iteration. Then, a high-precision solution can be obtained through a few iterations, which avoids the shortcoming that the traditional method uses a fixed initial solution that leads to too many iterative steps. This effectively reduces the number of iterative steps and improves the calculation efficiency. This method is applied to the aero-thermodynamic calculation of each component of an engine CLM, which improves the accuracy and real-time performance of the CLM. The simulation results show that, compared to the traditional method, the proposed method improves the accuracy of the CTPWF and can reduces the single aero-thermodynamic calculation time by 25 % when humidity is not considered and by 47 % when humidity is considered. This effectively improves the real-time performance of the CLM.
A custom-made weight-drop impactor to produce consistent spinal cord injury outcomes in a rat model
Authors: Jarragh Ali , Shuaib Ali , Al-Khaledi Ghanim , Alotaibi Fatima , Al-Sabah Sulaiman , Masocha Willias 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
The main objective of this study is to design a custom-made weight-drop impactor device to produce a consistent spinal cord contusion model in rats in order to examine the efficacy of potential therapies for post-traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs).

Methods
Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 24, 11 weeks old) were randomly divided equally into two groups: sham and injured. The consistent injury pattern was produced by a 10 g stainless steel rod dropped from a height of 30 mm to cause (0.75 mm) intended displacement to the dorsal surface of spinal cord. The neurological functional outcomes were assessed at different time intervals using the following standardized neurobehavioral tests: Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) scores, BBB open-field locomotion test, Louisville Swim Scale (LSS), and CatWalk gait analysis system.

Results
Hind limb functional parameters between the two groups using BBB scores and LSS were significantly different (p < 0.05). There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the SCI group and the sham group for the hind limb functional parameters using the CatWalk gait analysis.

Conclusion
We developed an inexpensive custom-made SCI device that yields a precise adjustment of the height and displacement of the impact relative to the spinal cord surface.
Don't Shoot Me: Potential Consequences of Force-on-Force Training Modulate the Human Stress Response
Authors: Jensen Andrew E. , Bernards Jake R. , Hamilton Joseph A. , Markwald Rachel R. , Kelly Karen R. , Biggs Adam T. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Jensen, AE, Bernards, JR, Hamilton, JA, Markwald, RR, Kelly, KR, and Biggs, AT. Do not shoot me: potential consequences of force-on-force training modulate the human stress response. J Strength Cond Res 37(9): 1761–1769, 2023—Close-quarters combat (CQC) engagements trigger the “fight-or-flight” response, activating the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in response to perceived threats. However, it has yet to be shown if a force-on-force (FoF) CQC training environment will lead to adaptations in the physiological stress response or performance. United States Marines and Army infantry personnel participated in a 15-day CQC training program. The CQC program focused heavily on FoF training with the use of nonlethal training ammunition (NLTA). Data collections occurred on training days 1 and 15, during a simulated FoF-hostage rescue (HR) scenario and photorealistic target drill. For the FoF-HR, subjects were instructed to clear the shoot house, rescue the hostage, and only shoot hostile threat(s) with NLTA. The photorealistic target drills were similar, but replaced the role players in the FoF-HR with paper targets. Salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and salivary cortisol were obtained immediately before entering and exiting the shoot house. Time to completion significantly decreased, between days 1 and 15, for both the FoF-HR and the photorealistic drills by 67.7 and 54.4%, respectively (p < 0.05). Analyses revealed that the change in sAA, nonsignificantly, doubled from day 1 to 15 during FoF-HR (p > 0.05), whereas the change in sAA decreased during the photorealistic drills across days (p < 0.05). Cortisol was significantly higher during the FoF-HR in comparison to the photorealistic drills (p < 0.05). These data suggest that potential consequences of FoF training heighten the stress response in conjunction with enhanced performance.
Match-Play Demands and Anthropometric Characteristics of National and International Women's Fifteen-a-side Rugby Union: A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Curtis Christopher , Mitchell Scott , Russell Mark 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Curtis, C, Mitchell, S, and Russell, M. Match-play demands and anthropometric characteristics of national and international women’s, fifteen-a-side rugby union: a systematic scoping review. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): e569–e580, 2023—An increased professionalization within women's 15-a-side rugby union (R15s) has prompted greater sports science support and a need to better understand demands of the sport. Online database (PubMed, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus) searches were performed according to the PRISMA Scoping Review protocol. Studies were eligible if match-play demands or anthropometric characteristics of women's R15s players were investigated. After calibration exercises, the lead and senior authors independently quality assessed each study. A total of 1,068 studies were identified; 15 of which met the study criteria. The mean total match-play distance covered was 5,378 ± 626 m (forwards: 5,188 ± 667 m and backs: 5,604 ± 609 m), with first half values exceeding second half (2,922 ± 87 m vs. 2,876 ± 115 m). The mean relative distance (RD) (72.0 m·min−1) was greater than their male counterparts (64.2 m·min−1–68.2 m·min−1). Backs were exposed to more severe collisions compared with forwards (6 ± 1 vs. 5 ± 4). Work:rest ratios ranged between 1.0:0.7–1.0:0.9. Regarding anthropometric characteristics, the mean lean and fat mass was reported as 51.9 ± 5.2 kg and 18.6 ± 4.6 kg, respectively. The mean body fat percentage was 24.7 ± 5.4%. The mean bone mineral density and bone mineral content was 1.27 ± 0.04 g·cm−2 and 3.07 ± 0.2 kg, respectively. This scoping review summarizes the current evidence base and key findings relating to the match-play demands and anthropometric characteristics that can be used in practice to inform player welfare and sport science support to women's R15s players at a national and international standard. Numerous gaps in our understanding of how best to develop and optimize performance, physical demands, and anthropometric characteristics of women's R15s players remain.
Single Leg Lateral and Horizontal Loaded Jump Testing: Reliability and Correlation With Long Track Sprint Speed Skating Performance
Authors: Zukowski Matthew , Herzog Walter , Jordan Matthew J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Zukowski, MH, Jordan, MJ, and Herzog, W. Single leg lateral and horizontal loaded jump testing: reliability and correlation with long track sprint speed skating performance. J Strength Cond Res 37(11): 2251–2259, 2023—This study examined the intraday reliability of 2 novel unilateral loaded jump protocols designed for long track speed skaters. Highly trained (n = 26), national level athletes performed single leg jumps with a horizontal robotic resistance across 3 external load conditions (10 N, 7.5% of body mass and 15% of body mass) using their dominant limb. Jumps were performed in both the horizontal (JumpHorz) and lateral (JumpLat) direction to replicate the body position and line of force application observed during the running and gliding phases of on-ice acceleration. Subjects completed 2 consecutive trials of the same jump protocol to examine the intraday reliability of the peak velocity achieved for each loading condition. Peak velocity across each jump type and loading condition had good reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.8, coefficient of variation <5%). Significant positive relationships (r = 0.5–0.8, p < 0.05; n = 22) were observed between all jump conditions and on-ice sprint race split times obtained including 100, 400, and 500 m. Our results indicate that unilateral loaded jump tests are reliable in speed skating athletes and may help practitioners diagnose and monitor lower-limb maximal muscle power capacity in a sport-specific manner.
Ocular following Eye Movements in Marmosets Follow Complex Motion Trajectories
Authors: Pattadkal Jagruti J. , Barr Carrie , Priebe Nicholas J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOcular following eye movements help stabilize images on the retina and offer a window to study motion interpretation by visual circuits. We use these ocular following eye movements to study motion integration behavior in the marmosets. We characterize ocular following responses in the marmosets using different moving stimuli such as dot patterns, gratings, and plaids. Marmosets track motion along different directions and exhibit spatial frequency and speed sensitivity, which closely matches the sensitivity reported in neurons from their motion-selective area MT. Marmosets are also able to track the integrated motion of plaids, with tracking direction consistent with an intersection of constraints model of motion integration. Marmoset ocular following responses are similar to responses in macaques and humans with certain species-specific differences in peak sensitivities. Such motion-sensitive eye movement behavior in combination with direct access to cortical circuitry makes the marmoset model well suited to study the neural basis of motion integration.