bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BIMobility Simulator as a BIM-based solution for integration of e-mobility in design process.
Authors: Di Blasio I , Penna P , Monizza G P , Riedl M , Matt D T 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Electromobility is an opportunity to reduce the effects of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on climate change. For this reason, electromobility use is increasing and designers must consider Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS) as part of the building system. Building Information Modelling (BIM)-based technologies are potentially useful for considering sustainable aspects and systems in the building process. This paper deals with the development of a BIM-based tool that integrates electromobility into construction design. The goal is to support the integration of electromobility into the design of buildings or neighbourhoods and to guide the project towards an optimal configuration. The components of the electromobility infrastructure are included in the building model and an automated data exchange process between BIM software and Microsoft Excel evaluates some Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). The KPIs are shown by means of a user interface with a series of graphs and they allow to evaluate the most efficient scenario by comparing different project alternatives. The paper describes how the information flow has been structured, in order to automatically evaluate the electromobility integration and optimize the design process.
Life Cycle Assessment through BIM-based advanced Calculation Virtual Environment workflows
Authors: Brazzalle T F , Tagliabue L C , Dotelli G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The current built stock in Europe is large and energetically inefficient due to material decay caused by lifelong use and lack of maintenance, combined. New buildings are commissioned and delivered everyday with an environmental cost, calculated using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology. The LCA is now widely requested for new assets, while existing ones are left for demolition and consequent carbon emissions released into the atmosphere, increasing the environmental crisis. In an effort to increase built stock’s energy efficiency rates and decrease carbon emission, the recovery of these assets is depicted as the strategic next step for the construction sector. Both goals are achieved using data generated by dedicated construction software and processed in Calculation Virtual Environment, according to the specific needed data. The use of BIM for refurbishment design projects allows virtual construction separated by phases to simulate existing conditions of the envelope and its improvement with insulation material options. The use of one single file with clear phase definitions ensures data extraction and transference for all material options. The process is not entirely automated nevertheless it allows to save, use and share data whenever needed. The connection between data sources and databases in the cloud provides timesaving and regular updates. The research findings demonstrate the positive outcomes of modeling existing structures for energy simulation oriented to use in LCA, increasing the potential of BIM use in sensitive constructions while delivering appropriate results based on model and enriched geometry, with cost evaluation potential enabling scenario comparison for better decision making.
Materials role in pavement design and its impacts in LCA of road construction and use phase
Authors: Negishi K , De Montaignac R , Miravalls N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Connecting real material databases at a very early stage enables to measure, predict and support informed decision making based on energy and carbon performance in the infrastructure sector. While, in the past twenty years, a significant increase of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) research for road construction projects was seen, data collection and management still remains one of the main challenges. Having a capability to combine the planning, execution, maintenance and recycling on one platform greatly contributes to reducing the effort and assessment execution time and early stage decision makings. ORIS is the first web-based material platform enabling more sustainable road construction with optimised solutions, bringing an assessment of different pavement design options within a geolocalised material sourcing environment. Based on the embedding local design catalogues and its automatized data-driven approach, an exhaustive LCA analysis is performed on road for its whole life cycle conformed to LCA standards. A case study in the United Kingdom demonstrated the life cycle carbon and cost assessment with a significant contribution of use phase modules (30-40% of the total) and the potential of 56% reduction in the global warming indicator from the product and construction phase and 24% in total life cycle saving 720 k£.
Building passports and material inventories – concepts, trends, job sharing
Authors: Buchholz M , Lützkendorf T 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The real estate industry is motivated to contribute to a more sustainable built environment. To meet future sustainability goals, building owners and other decision makers rely on high-quality building-related data. On the one hand, possibilities to collect, access and exchange data improve constantly due to developments in information technology. On the other hand, the task to manage data as a growing and versatile resource becomes more difficult. To overcome resulting challenges, the use of building passports, that can serve as a life cycle data repository for single buildings, can be very useful. The importance of building passports is more and more recognised within the industry, but there is an ongoing discussion about their original function. For this reason, the contribution firstly explains the origins of building passports and how the concept has evolved over time. Furthermore, the following research questions are addressed: (1) What are the main goals, functions and requirements of building passports? (2) Which current developments are related to building passports and how do specific concepts differ? (3) How can a job-sharing with other instruments like material passports be realised and what are the benefits? The research focuses on the situation in Germany considering developments on EU level.
Typha as a circular building material.
Authors: Brinksma H , van der Stelt M J C , Oostra Mieke 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Innovation towards biobased energy concepts.
In 2050, the European Union aims to have created a carbon free and circular society. At the same time nature and biodiversity needs to be restored. For the current energy transition in the built environment this means not only developing solutions that can reduce energy consumption considerably, preferably changing the built environment, who currently is responsible for 40% of total energy consumption worldwide, into an energy producing part of society. This also means that the embodied energy and the environmental impact of solutions used for this major renovation challenge needs to be lowered substantially, or better still, to be transformed into a positive impact.
The aim of this paper is to describe the outcomes of a development towards a circular and biobased sandwich panel from Typha. Research is used to make an inventory of the possibilities for realizing a circular sandwich roof element with the use of Cattail (Typha) as a construction and insulation material. It is important to determine what the properties are of the new Cattail sheet material and what preconditions are needed to use Cattail in construction. Currently the industry mainly uses harmful binders, such as aldehydes and isocyanates, these chemicals are heavily polluted These binders cannot be regarded as a circular solution and therefore alternatives had to be found. How can a circular sandwich roof element be made from Cattail and which circular adhesives are important? Finally, it is important to determine what the use of Cattails contributes to the reduction of the amount of carbon and nitrogen. It is possible that a renovation concept can be realized with a negative carbon footprint.
Circularity and LCA - material pathways: the cascade potential and cascade database of an in-use building product
Authors: Schaubroeck Simon , Dewil Reginald , Allacker Karen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractImproving circularity in the building sector entails ensuring greater material efficiency to avoid virgin material extraction. To assist stakeholders in decisions regarding salvaging an in-use building product, the potential further uses of this salvaged product and its materials should be determined. In other words, its cascade potential should be determined given circular strategies, i.e. to reuse, repurpose, repair sequentially. To predict the cascade potential, a database is required that combines (acquired) product data, assembly characteristics and process data, e.g., info on the process to melt old steel. This database is referred to as a cascade database. The aim of this research is to study steps to form this database, specifically, the combination of product passports and an LCA process database. Hereto, major existing European data tools are considered. For product data, material passports and digital product passports initiatives are identified and compared. For process data, LCA databases are considered. Interactions between these data tools are a possible way to set up a partial cascade database. A workflow is then described- on how to acquire data on the cascade potential of a product from such a database. We note that the cascade database also relies on extensive (economic) forecast models, data collection and stakeholder interaction. Setting up such an extensive database and generating all possible cascading paths is a challenging, if not unachievable, feat. Nevertheless, even limited applications of this database might help reach a more circular economy.
Circularity and LCA - material pathways: cascade potential and cascade environmental impact of an in-use building product
Authors: Schaubroeck Simon , Dewil Reginald , Allacker Karen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Improving circularity in the building sector entails ensuring greater material efficiency to avoid virgin material extraction. To assist stakeholders in decisions regarding salvaging an in-use building product, requires to predict and assess the potential further productive uses of that product and its materials. The range of possible cascade material paths originating from the in-use building product X and their assessments comprise the cascade potential of product X. Method: To determine the cascade potential and impact, we work further on existing efforts done in the field of circularity and life cycle assessment (LCA). This entails discussing scenario models to predict cascade material pathways over time, and multifunctionality solutions to assess those pathways. Due to the fact that the environment is a complex system and long term forecasting is required, the cascade potential can never be exactly determined. Therefore, we first set up conceptual formulas and then discuss steps to make these formulas feasible. Furthermore, the effort to generate the cascade paths originating from a product, can also be used to form circular systems that adhere to carbon mitigation pathways.
Potential of Earth-Based Bamboo Bio-Concrete in the Search for Circular and Net-Zero Carbon Solutions to Construction Industry
Authors: Araujo A , da Silva N , Sá T , Caldas L , Toledo Filho R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In order to limit climate change by achieving goals of cutting emissions down to net-zero by 2050, stronger efforts are needed to reduce the whole life cycle emissions of buildings. Integrating residual bio-based and earth-based solutions to concrete seems to stand out in the sector since these solutions have the potential of lowering materials embodied emissions, and enhancing building thermal performance. However, it is still unclear how environmentally beneficial bio-based and earth-based materials are and how they behave mechanically when they are both integrated into concrete. In order to know their potential applications in the sector, this study aims to evaluate and compare the mechanical performance and environmental profile of Earth-based Bamboo Bio-Concretes (EBBCs) with different earth fractions as partial replacements of the cementitious matrix, by evaluating its Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. For that, it was considered the use of only bio-based aggregates (bamboo waste) instead of mineral ones at a fixed volume fraction of 45%. The methodology involved the: processing and characterization of earth and bamboo; EBBCs dosage study and mechanical testing; consideration of fixed proportions of binders of 30:30:40 (cement: metakaolin: fly ash) which were replaced gradually by earth in the volume fractions of 10%, 15%, and 20%. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used for accounting GHG emissions. LCA scope was from cradle-to-gate considering biogenic carbon methodology and avoided impacts of incinerating bamboo waste. A sensitive analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of transport distances variation of bamboo waste. Mechanical results point to an increase in EBBCs compressive strength with the increase of earth content until 15% of cementitious matrix replacement. LCA results showed negative embodied GHG emissions in all mixtures with an average of -115,7 kgCO2-eq/m3 mainly due to the high biomass content in mixtures. The increase of earth content from 0% to 20% in the mixtures reduced emissions by 59,7 kgCO2-eq/m3 since the binder’s content was reduced. With that, EBBC seems to be a promising innovative material to help achieve net-zero carbon emission targets and a circular pathway in the building and construction sectors.
Analyzing Embodied Energy and Embodied Water of Construction Materials for an Environmentally Sustainable Built Environment
Authors: Dixit M K , Pradeep Kumar P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Buildings consume over 40% of global energy in their construction and operations contributing to over 39% of global carbon emission each year. This huge environmental footprint presents an excellent opportunity to reduce energy use and help deliver an environmentally sustainable built environment. Most of the energy is consumed by buildings as embodied energy (EE) and operational energy (OE). EE is used directly and indirectly during buildings’ initial construction, maintenance and replacement, and demolition phases through construction products and services. OE is used in the processes of heating, cooling, water heating, lighting, and operating building equipment. Most environmental optimization research has been centered on energy and carbon emission overlooking another critical sustainability aspect, water use. Each building also consumes a significant amount of freshwater as embodied water (EW) or virtual water in its initial construction, maintenance and replacement, and demolition phases. Since each primary and secondary energy source depletes water in its extraction, refinement or production, there is also a water expense associated with EE and OE use that must also be included in total EW use. The total EW, therefore, includes both non-energy and energy related water use. Research suggests that there are tradeoffs between EE and EW that may complicate design decisions such as material selection for environmental sustainability. In other words, a material selected for its lower EE may have higher EW and selecting such a material may not help reach environmental sustainability goals since water scarcity is becoming a grave problem. In this paper, we created an input-output-based hybrid (IOH) model for calculating and comparing EE and EW of building materials frequently used in building construction. The main goal is to examine and highlight any tradeoffs that may exist when selecting one material over another. The results reveal that there is a weak correlation between EE and total EW that is the sum of energy and non-energy water use, which means that a design decision made solely based on EE may conflict with EW. The share of energy related water use in total EW of construction materials also varies significantly (2.5%-31.2%), indicating that reducing energy use alone may not be sufficient to reduce freshwater use; additional efforts may be needed to decrease the use of materials and processes that are water intensive. The results of this study are significant to achieving the goal of creating a truly sustainable built environment.
Barriers for data management as an enabler of circular economy: an exploratory study of the Norwegian AEC-industry
Authors: Bellini A , Bang S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Effective data management can enable the utilisation of new tools and technologies and, ultimately the creation of circular business models in the building industry. To accomplish this, a targeted mapping and collection of data must take place. However, several challenges hinder the exchange of information in a seamless digital flow through the value chain and building life cycle. This exploratory study contributes to bridging the gap in the research, providing an overview of existing barriers related to mapping, collecting, and storing data about materials and products in existing buildings. The findings are obtained through 18 semi-structured interviews with experts working with circular economy and digitalisation in the Norwegian AEC-industry. Some of the identified barriers, such as the lack of data availability and interoperability, lack of competencies and unwillingness to share data, are strongly interrelated; a collaborative approach will be essential across the value chain. The research sets the basis for developing a framework for data management that can facilitate the reuse of materials and products from a building at the end of life to new construction or refurbishment projects. Ultimately, effective data management opens for developing and implementing innovative circular business models, enhancing strategic data-based asset management.
Demolish, recycle, build new or renovate – energy use throughout the life cycle.
Authors: Janson U , Farsäter K , Fransson V , Johansson D 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The building industry has a major impact on the global carbon emissions, the use of natural resources and generation of waste. A drastic change is needed for this industry to be a part of a sustainable future. Within this research, a case study is performed to investigate how cultural values of a building can be preserved when energy efficiency measures are taken, with a low global warming potential (GWP). Keeping the cultural values of the red brick façade, the original window shape and the natural stone in the plinth, there is still an energy saving potential of halve the energy use for space heating. The GWP of the measures taken is strongly dependent on the energy mix in the district heating system.
Green Public Procurement and the circularity of the built environment
Authors: Finamore M , Oltean-Dumbrava C 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The case study presented in this paper is a demonstration of the success of a green public procurement (GPP) model that allows to build buildings in accordance with the principles of the circularity by ensuring sustainable consumption and production.
The relevance of green procurement has lately become a focus of research because of public institutions’ growing interest in circularity for built environment investment. The case study of a school gym presented in this paper is emphasising the role the public authorities are playing in promoting the transition to the circularity of the built environment through sustainable procurement. Despite being a voluntary instrument, GPP also plays a significant part in the global efforts to develop a more resource-efficient economy. It can help to develop a critical mass of demand for more sustainable buildings that would be difficult to bring to the market otherwise.
The challenge of convincing public-sector institutions to use GPP across nations, to become ‘normal practice’ continues and will drive the market for environmentally friendly buildings. The case study presented demonstrate that the GPP model is widely replicable and leads to positive outcomes. It has already been applied for the Brancati secondary and high school project built in Pesaro, Italy, that has been awarded by the International Jury of the Green Solutions Awards 2020-21, Construction 21, the Prize for the Energy for the Temperate Climate International Platform category.
IoT-based architecture for efficient energy monitoring in existing building structures
Authors: Redlein A , Thrainer L 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Considering the definition of Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) criteria, historical buildings in Europe need solutions to be able to be more energy efficient. One approach to identify high energy consumers is data analysis. To enable this approach, the following research questions have to be answered:
1. How can data be captured in a valid and efficient way?
2. How can data be standardized and merged within dashboards?
3. How can data be analysed within these common dashboards?
To answer these questions, results of a mixed-methods-research project [1] were used, to give a view on the impact and use of emerging technologies and to allow the definition of the best suited technology. Based on the results of this step and previous research [2], the relevant tools and the IT architecture was defined. Thirdly, a case study was enrolled, which is based on the previously defined IT architecture, using IoT measuring devices from European production, two different databases and two analytic tools. To cover the ESG-reporting demands, data structure and relevant building structures were defined. The paper also presents the final decision on the database and the analytics tool, both capable to analyse large amount of data and operated as open solutions (enables enlargement at any time and works without license cost).
Circular Economy Design towards Zero Waste: Laying the foundation for constructive stakeholder engagement on improving construction, renovation, and demolition (CRD) waste management
Authors: Keena Naomi , Rondinel-Oviedo Daniel R. , Demaël Hermine 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The city of Montréal is one of many cities worldwide who strive to cut the amount of waste they generate and advance towards zero waste in an effort to meet the Paris Agreement goals. Construction, renovation, and demolition (CRD) waste is a major contributor to urban waste streams but also an area where waste diversion and innovative waste management approaches could deliver significant reductions in waste. One such promising approach is that of circular economy which envisions a future where CRD waste is designed-out of the built environment by keeping construction materials in use. This paper presents a series of methods used to collect and organize data towards advancing circular thinking within CRD material management decision-making in Montréal and mobilizing engagement with the relevant data. Methods includes a detailed literature review, semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from across the building sector value chain followed by a thematic analysis. Collected data is mapped to the internationally recognized United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) framework in an aim to provide globally significant methodologies which cities worldwide can use to showcase contributions to the UN SDGs. Advancing towards zero CRD waste in Montréal will require the input of multiple stakeholders. The work presented in this paper is part of a larger research effort which works to deliver an initial but vital first step in the collection, integration, and dissemination of data towards a circular, more sustainable, built environment.