bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between ganglion cell complex thickness and brief presentation stimuli ‐ visual acuity across foveal and parafoveal locations in healthy eyes
Authors: Pérez‐Carrasco M°. Jesús , Silva Erika Sarco , Marcos Claudia Sacristán , Puell María 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: Knowledge of the retinal structure ‐ visual function relationship of healthy eyes would be important to the early detection of neuropathies of the retina. This study investigated the association between brief presentation stimuli ‐ visual acuity (BPS‐VA) and the thicknesses of the retina in healthy young eyes.Methods: Photopic and high‐mesopic BPS‐VA was measured in 35 healthy eyes of 35 young subjects (24.3 ± 3.1 years) with the Acuity‐Plus test in the fovea and the parafovea (5° eccentricity) using an optotype presentation of duration 160 ms. The macular thicknesses of the central fovea, parafovea, and macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC), and the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (pRNFL) were measured by spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT). Relationships between foveal and parafoveal BPS‐VA and the retinal thickness in the corresponding region were examined after adjusting for confounding variables.Results: In photopic luminance conditions, the inferior mGCC thickness was the only structural significant predictor to the foveal BPS‐VA (p = 0.007). Under high‐mesopic level, retinal illuminance and inferior mGCC thickness were contributing factors to the foveal BPS‐VA (p = 0.001). Retinal thicknesses were not predictors of parafoveal BPS‐VA at any of the light levels.Conclusions: The inferior mGCC thickness predicts foveal BPS‐VA measured at both photopic and high‐mesopic light levels in healthy eyes of young subjects.
Structural and functional analysis of binocularity after surgery for long‐standing strabismus
Authors: Mallen Victor , Palomar Elisa Viladés , Ciordia Beatriz Cordón , Altabás María José Vicente , Tello Alvaro , Perié Manuel Subías , Campo Lorena Arias , Munuera Ines , Castro‐Roger Luisa , Garcia‐Martin Elena , Rodrigo Maria Jesus 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: Assess structurally and functionally binocularity and deviation before and after strabismus surgery on patients with long‐standing strabismus.Methods: Four patients with strabismus of more than 1 year of evolution were evaluated in three visits: 1 week before surgery (preoperative), in the first week (immediate postoperative) and 1 month after (delayed postoperative). For functional assessment, visual acuity test with Snellen optotype, near vision test, TNO and Titmus test to assess stereopsis, quantification of deviation with prisms and binocular computerized campimetry were performed. For structural analysis, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed with Spectralis and Triton devices.Results: All patients presented significant changes with respect to the preoperative period both in the number of prismatic diopters and in the results of the OCT test in the immediate and delayed postoperative period. The binocular campimetric results also showed significant differences in the delayed postoperative period with respect to the patient's preoperative situation. In none of the cases were significant variations observed in the thickness of retinal ganglion cells, inner plexiform layer or retinal nerve fibres.Conclusions: Strabismus surgery provides improvements, not only in the correction of the alignment of both eyes, but also in the patient's stereopsis and binocular visual field. The traction movements of the eyeball or the changes caused during surgery do not seem to be a risk factor for axonal damage or damage to the inner retinal layers.
Nanofibrous scaffolds with ex vivo cultured human iPSC‐derived RPE cells for transplantation into porcine eyes
Authors: Ardan Taras , Erceg Slaven , Artero‐Castro Ana , Studenovská Hana , Mueller Brigitte , Stieger Knut , Popelka Štěpan , Lytvynchuk Lyubomyr , Straňák Zbyněk , Tichotová Lucie , Ellederová Zdeňka , Čížková Jana , Juhásová Jana , Motlík Jan , Petrovski Goran 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: There are several retinal degenerative diseases including age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) where the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is affected primarily and photoreceptors secondarily. The RPE replacement based on changing of diseased RPE by ex vivo cultured iPSC‐derived RPE cells on nanofibrous membranes can prolong the survival of adjacent photoreceptors.Methods: The feeder‐free system of culturing and differentiation of human iPSCs was used. The phenotypic maturation was examined using immunolabelling for the differentiation and polarization markers. Scaffolds with confluent human iPSC‐derived RPE were implanted into the right eye of 7 minipigs using 3‐port pars plana vitrectomy. Because the human cells were transplanted into the porcine eye (xenogeneic transplantation), immunosuppression therapy with Tacrolimus was applied. At 1–4 weeks upon transplantation, noninvasive examinations of the implanted retina were performed by OCT and fundus camera.Results: The iPSC‐derived RPE cells showed typical cellular morphology and express the RPE markers such as ZO1, BEST, RPE65, and others, with no traces of pluripotent stem cells. Scaffolds with seeded RPE were successfully implanted into subretinal space of porcine eyes. OCT and fundus camera examinations were able to localize the implant in the retina and demonstrated a normal neuroretina in the place of the implant with healed retinotomy, without inflammatory reaction on the implant.Conclusions: In conclusion, we can state that the functional and morphological properties of human iPSC‐derived RPE cells cultured on nanomembranes confirmed the good quality of this epithelium including proper differentiation, confluency of the polarized monolayer, and ability to long‐term survival. The correct placing of implants in the subretinal space testified to the rightness of employed surgical techniques and functionality of the delivery instrumentarium.
VEGF levels in the aqueous humour of patients with primary open angle glaucoma: A systematic review and a meta‐analysis
Authors: Dimtsas Georgios , Tsiogka Anastasia , Moschos Marilita 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: To compare the VEGF levels in the aqueous humour of patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) and non‐glaucomatous eyes and reveal any potential statistically significant correlations.Methods: We searched PubMed, from inception to December 31, 2021. Key search terms included VEGF and Glaucoma. All relevant studies that evaluated the VEGF levels in patients with POAG and in the control group were included in this systematic review. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies (PRISMA‐DTA) guidelines were followed. Data were extracted independently by 2 authors. Heterogeneity was statistically quantified by Q, H, and I2 statistics, and a meta‐analysis was performed using the random‐effects model.Results: Seven cross‐sectional studies were included in the meta‐analysis. 144 eyes were enrolled in the POAG group and 162 eyes in the control group. The random effect model showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups (SMD = 0.284, 95% CI = −0.173 to 0.741; p = 0.223), but we noticed a trend towards elevated VEGF levels in the aqueous humour of POAG patients. Significant heterogeneity was detected (I2 = 74.1%, p = 0.001).Conclusions: This systematic review and meta‐analysis indicates a trend towards elevated VEGF‐A levels in the aqueous humour of patients with POAG and suggests a potential neuroprotective role of VEGF in patients with POAG. Future studies are required to evaluate the exact role of VEGF in POAG.
The impact of visual impairment and other risk factors on health‐related quality of life among people living in retirement homes in Armenia
Authors: Giloyan Aida , Babayan Ani , Harutyunyan Tsovinar , Petrosyan Varduhi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: The study aimed to examine the effect of visual impairment, eye diseases and other risk factors on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in retirement home residents in Armenia.Methods: The survey was conducted among 313 beneficiaries from retirement homes. Interviewer‐administered structured questionnaire explored socio‐demographic characteristics of participants, presence of chronic non‐communicable diseases, depressive symptoms, HRQoL, smoking, physical activity, receiving and giving instrumental and emotional social support, sleeping disorder, and adverse life events. Ophthalmic examinations were conducted to assess participants' visual acuity and presence of eye diseases.Results: The mean age was 72.5 years. Women constituted 50% of the sample. About 28% of participants reported depressive symptoms. The prevalence of normal vision was 49%, mild/moderate and severe visual impairment was 46%, and blindness was 5%. Uncorrected refractive errors were found in 20% of participants. In the adjusted linear regression model, presence of chronic non‐communicable diseases (β = −11.3; CI: −15.3; −7.39), physical activity (β = 15.3; CI: 9.04; 21.5), sleeping disorders (β = −5.58; CI: −10.2; −0.96), receiving emotional support (β = 0.09; CI: 0.01; 0.17) and giving instrumental support (β = 0.17; CI: 0.08; 0.25), presence of depressive symptoms (β = −11.7; CI: −16.0; −7.46) and uncorrected refractive errors (β = −9.15; CI: −17.3; −1.04) were associated with HRQoL.Conclusions: This study found high prevalence of uncorrected refractive errors, visual impairment and blindness among people in retirement homes. Regular eye screening programs and distribution of spectacles could improve eye health in the target population. Promote healthy behaviours including regular physical activity to enhance HRQoL. A focus on people with chronic non‐communicable diseases and depressive symptoms is warranted.
Use of new biomaterials with amniotic membrane growth factors in corneal regeneration in vivo
Authors: Garmendia Ayla Basasoro , Reparaz Iraia , Esporrín‐Ubieto David , Nunes Juliana , Mendicute Javier , Fernandez María Mercedes , Dupin Damien , Calderón Marcelo , Diaz Aitor , Acera Arantxa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: To compare the effect on corneal healing of two novel hydrogels releasing proteins obtained from amniotic membrane (AM).Methods: Forty‐four New Zealand White rabbits underwent corneal wounding with NAOH 1 M and received different treatments: Control (group 1), AM transplantation (group 2), model A hydrogel (group 3) and model B hydrogel (group 4). The progression of wound healing was recorded with photographs and assessed by measuring the remaining epithelial defect over time. Histology was performed to examine acute and chronic changes.Results: There were no statistically significant differences between groups in epithelial defect areas (mm2) at days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The percentage of wound closure (%) showed statistically significant differences on day 7 between Group 1 and Group 4 (p = 0.03). The percentage of completely healed corneas showed no statistically significant differences between the control and treated groups on days 14, 21 and 28, but on day 7, there were differences between Group 4 and Control (p = 0.02). On days 14 and 21 the rate of completely healed corneas was higher in Group 3 and Group 4 (55% on day 14 and 30% on day 21) compared to Group 1 (44.4% on day 14 and 11.1% on day 21).Conclusions: The novel biodegradable hydrogels with AM proteins could promote corneal re‐epithelialization. The chosen animal model showed a high rate of wound reopening once closed. Group 4 hydrogels showed low adhesiveness so the implant movement and the fragile regenerated epithelium could justify the higher de‐epithelized areas on day 7. The results show a higher number of wounds with complete epithelialization and a smaller epithelial defect area (mm2) in the treated groups compared to control, even after removal of the AM proteins, which might indicate that proteins secreted in the early stages of epithelialization could enhance corneal wound closure.
Oxygen metabolic retinal function in retinitis pigmentosa correlates with disease severity
Authors: Zabek Olga Maria , Calzetti Giacomo , Prétot Dominique , Scholl Hendrik Peter Nicolas , Volpe Maria della 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: The aim of our study was to evaluate retinal function with white light dark‐adapted full‐field sensitivity threshold (FST) and find possible correlations with metabolic function measured with retinal oximetry (RO) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP).Methods: In this prospective observational study (BASEC 2020–00122), FST and RO measurements were performed on 66 RP eyes (33 subjects, 12♀ 21♂) aged between 18 and 80 years (mean 43.2 years); all eyes were graded for disease severity. Main outcome parameters were white FST thresholds using the Diagnosys Espion system with the ColorDomeTM LED full‐field stimulator (Diagnosys LLC, Lowell, MA) as well as the main RO parameters: the mean arterial (A‐SO2; %), venular (V‐SO2; %) oxygen saturation, their difference (A‐V SO2; %), and the corresponding mean diameters of the peripapillary retinal arterioles (D‐A; μm) and venules (D‐V; μm) recorded with the oxygen saturation tool of the Retinal Vessel Analyser (RVA; IMEDOS Systems UG, Jena, Germany). In addition, semi‐automated kinetic perimetry (V4e, III4e, I4e, III3e isopters, Octopus 900®, Haag‐Streit AG Bern, Switzerland) was performed and included in the linear mixed‐effects models analysis calculated with SPSS®.Results: Neither the oxygen saturation parameters (p > 0.21) nor the D‐A and D‐V (p > 0.13) showed significant correlations with the FST. However, when compared systematically with the visual field (VF) areas of the different isopters, RO parameters V‐SO2 (p = 0.024) and A‐V SO2 (p < 0.02) showed significant correlations. Furthermore, both V‐SO2 and A‐V SO2 showed gradual changes with more pronounced impairment in oxygen metabolic function in advanced stages of RP when analysed in subgroups of disease severity grades.Conclusions: In advanced stages of RP, RO showed a significant association with standardized VF testing parameters and presented with gradual changes of more pronounced impairment in retinal oxygen metabolic function. Unlike standardized VF parameters, white dark‐adapted FST does not appear to correlate with retinal oxygen metabolic function in RP patients, implying that the two examinations may capture unrelated aspects of the retinal pathological process.
Comparison of two primary intraocular lymphoma experimental murine models
Authors: Skrlova Eva , Uherkova Eva , Malarikova Diana , Klimova Aneta , Svozilkova Petra , Kesa Peter , Matous Petr , Herynek Vit , Kucera Tomas , Klener Pavel , Heissigerova Jarmila 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: The research on experimental models of primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) helps to elucidate pathophysiology of the disease and to find new therapeutical strategies. The purpose of the project was to compare characteristics of two experimental murine models of PIOL.Methods: PIOL was induced in immunocompetent mice by intravitreal injection of syngeneic DLBCL cell suspension. For mice strain C3H/Hen cell line 38C13 was used, for BALB/CaNn it was cell line A20. Following the injection mice were monitored clinically 2 times per week. The experiment was terminated at first signs of exophthalmos or on day 30. Eyes were collected post mortem and histologically processed.Results: Both mice strains show high percentage (above 80%) of PIOL development. Disease progression is faster in C3H/HeN with exophthalmos occurring in all mice no later than day 21, on average on day 11. Vitreous involvement is a predominant sign in the clinical presentation of this group. In BALB/CaNn mice exophthalmos occurs on average on day 22. At the same time, tumorous infiltration of retina, tumorous infiltration of optic disc and tumorous retinal detachment are dominant signs. The difference in development of exophthalmos is most probably due to different affinity of cancer cells for orbital tissue.Conclusions: PIOL has slower progression in BALB/CaNn strain with later or no occurrence of exophthalmos. Varying time of exophthalmos development is most probably due to difference between the affinity of 38C13 and A20 cells for orbital tissue. The primary affinity of the 38C13 cell line for orbital tissue can explain earlier development of exophthalmos in C3H/HeN mice. This and the fact that the PIOL progression is slower in BALB/CaNn strain predisposes the latter to be more suitable for therapeutic experiments planned in the future.Financial support of this project: AZV MZ CR NU20‐03‐00253, SVV UK 260516.
The relationship between outdoor exposure and myopia on university students, measured by conjunctival ultraviolet autofluorescence (CUVAF)
Authors: Recalde Sergio , Bilbao Valentina , Hernandez Maria , Gonzalez‐Zamora Jorge , De la Puente Miriam , Escriche Elena , Ruiz Pablo , Bezunartea Jaione , Mariezkurrena Ainara , Alonso Elena , de Viteri Manuel Saenz , Barrio Jesús , Layana Alfredo García , Fernandez‐Robredo Patricia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this study was to analyse whether outdoor (OD) exposure could exert a protective effect against the development of myopia and HM, in two different cohorts of university students that differ in the time of OD activities in their study programs. Moreover, CUVAF, as an objective measure of time spent outdoors, was also investigated in this cohort.Methods: A cross‐sectional observational study was carried out using two different cohorts of students, one of medical students (MS) and the other of environmental science students (ESS). All participants underwent an automatic objective refraction, axial length measurement, colour fundus photographs, and CUVAF area (BAF module on the Heidelberg Spectralis HRA + OCT). All the participants filled out a questionnaire of life style and myopia history. For all statistical analyses, corrected p values < 0.05 (two‐tailed) were considered statistically significant using SPSS 20.1 Software.Results: A total of 208 participants were recruited, 156 were MS and 52 were ESS. The data showed that 66.66% of the MS were myopic versus only 50% of the ESS (p = 0.021; OR 95 = 2.03 (95% CI 1.1–3.6). With regards to OD activities, ESS spent significantly more hours per week doing OD activities than MS (p < 0.0001), but with respect to near work activities, there was no significant difference between both cohorts. In this sense, it was found that high myopia MS spent significantly fewer hours outdoors than their controls (p < 0.05). The degree of myopia was inversely associated with CUVAF in all university students, and a statistically significant positive correlation was observed between spherical equivalent and CUVAF (r = 0.248 [95% CI 0.094–0.390]; p = 0.001).Conclusions: The results showed that OD activities could reduce the onset and progression of myopia not only in children, but also in young adults. In addition, CUVAF represents an objective, non‐invasive biomarker of OD exposure that is inversely associated with myopia, and can be useful to follow‐up myopic patients.
Raloxifene induced keratopathy: A case report
Authors: Sim Haeun , Jeong Jeonga , Kang Min Ji , Hwang Jehyung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: We report a case of corneal verticillata in a patient who had been taking raloxifene for a prolonged period. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of an ocular side effect of raloxifene.Methods: Case presentation.Results: A 69‐year‐old female patient presented to our clinic for her routine eye check‐up. On slit‐lamp examination, whorl‐like subepithelial deposits were observed in the bilateral corneas. She was diagnosed with corneal verticillata (vortex keratopathy) caused by raloxifene. A follow‐up evaluation was conducted after discontinuation of the drug; however, the corneal opacity did not improve.Conclusions: Patients with corneal verticillata should be asked regarding any intake of raloxifene for osteoporosis, as it may cause corneal verticillata.References1. Martinkovich S, Shah D, Planey SL, Arnott JA. Selective oestrogen receptor modulators: tissue specificity and clinical utility. Clin Interv Ageing 2014;9:1437–1452. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S66690.2. Muehlbacher M, Tripal P, Roas F, Kornhuber J. Identification of drugs inducing phospholipidosis by novel in vitro data. ChemMedChem 2012;7(11):1925–1934. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.201200306.3. Michaud M, Mauhin W, Belmatoug N, et al. When and how to diagnose Fabry disease in clinical pratice. Am J Med Sci 2020;360(6):641–649. doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.07.011.4. Zinchuk O, Watanabe M, Hayashi N, Fukushima A, Ueno H. A case of tamoxifen keratopathy. Arch Ophthalmol 2006;124(7):1046–1048. doi: 10.1001/archopht.124.7.1046.
Longitudinal OCT texture analysis to assess the retinal changes in the triple‐transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Bernardes Rui , Ghalati Maryam , Ferreira Hugo , Martins João , Guimarães Pedro , Moreira Paula , Ambrósio António , Castelo‐Branco Miguel , Serranho Pedro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: This study aimed to investigate whether texture from optical coherence tomography (OCT) can address Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐related changes in the retina by evaluating differences to the wild‐type (WT) control group over time.Methods: The study included OCT data of WT mice and its age‐matched transgenic mice of AD (3xTg‐AD). Animals were imaged monthly from 1 month old up to 4 months old and at the ages of 8‐, 12‐, and 16 months old. Neuro‐retinal layers were analysed using various texture metrics, assuming that these could convey different views of unfolding changes. Two hundred forty texture metrics were computed from local binary patterns and some variants, local phase quantisation, wavelet features, and Gabor filters. The discriminative potential of the texture metrics was evaluated using the non‐parametric Mann–Whitney test with a 5% significance level at each age to determine the consistency in the texture difference between groups over time. The trajectories of the texture measurements of the WT and AD mice were compared to analyse the trends over time.Results: Texture metrics showing differences between the WT and AD groups from a time‐point onwards were found for all neuro‐retinal layers, with the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) presenting the most significant number of metrics in these conditions. The most relevant differences between groups were found at 2 months old, while few metrics presented differences from 8 months old onwards. Consequently, this study demonstrated that texture metrics discriminate retinas of AD mice from the WT group based on OCT data. Furthermore, this study also demonstrated the parallel path of changes over time in both groups, with the vast majority of the metrics presenting the same type of variation with time.Conclusions: This study emphasizes the potential of the texture information in the OCT images to address AD‐related changes in the retina. We presented longitudinal texture analysis of WT and transgenic mice, where the texture differences were found at the youngest age of the study (1 month) and preserved the differences over the 16‐months study period. Those differences showed the same evolutionary trend for both groups.