bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a clinical decision support system for the optimization of antidiabetic drug orders by pharmacists
Authors: Robert Laurine , Quindroit Paul , Henry Héloïse , Perez Maxime , Rousselière Chloé , Lemaitre Madleen , Vambergue Anne , Décaudin Bertrand , Beuscart Jean‐Baptiste 
Published: September 2023

AimsThe objective of the study was to describe the impact of a clinical decision support system (CDSS) on antidiabetic drug management by clinical pharmacists for hospitalized patients with T2DM.MethodsWe performed a retrospective, single‐centre study in a teaching hospital, where clinical pharmacists analysed prescriptions and issued pharmacist interventions (PIs) through a computerized physician order entry (CPOE) system. A CDSS was integrated into the pharmacists' workflow in July 2019. We analysed PIs during 2 periods of interest: one before the introduction of the CDSS (from November 2018 to April 2019, PIs issued through the CPOE alone) and one afterwards (from November 2020 to April 2021, PIs issued through the CPOE and/or the CDSS). The study covered nondiabetology wards as endocrinology, diabetes and metabolism departments were not computerized at the time of the study.ResultsThere were 203 PIs related to antidiabetic drugs in period 1 and 319 in period 2 (a 57.5% increase). Sixty‐four of the 319 PIs were generated by the CDSS. Noncompliance/contraindication was the main problem identified by the CDSS (41 PIs, 68.4%), and 57.8% led to discontinuation of the drug. Most of the PIs issued through the CDSS corresponded to orders that had not been flagged up by clinical pharmacists using the CPOE. Conversely, most alerts about indications that were not being treated were detected by the clinical pharmacists using the CPOE and not by the CDSS.ConclusionUse of CDSS by clinical pharmacists improved antidiabetic drug management for hospitalized patients with T2DM. The CDSS might add value to diabetes care in nondiabetology wards by decreasing the frequency of potentially inappropriate prescriptions and adverse drug reactions.
Pre‐polycystic ovary syndrome and polymenorrhoea as new facets of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): Evidences from a single centre data set
Authors: Ganie Mohd Ashraf , Rashid Aafia , Baba Mohammad Salem , Zargar Mohd Afzal , Wani Imtiyaz Ahmad , Nisar Sobia , Wani Ishfaq Ahmad , Douhath Syed , Sriwastawa Mukesh , Geer Mohd Ishaq , Asrar Mir Mohd , Kutum Rintu , Hassan Saqib , Khan Shahid , Rafi Wajid , Bhat Dil Afroz , Showkat Wasia , Sahar Tajali , Choh Naseer Ahmad , Khurshid Rabia , Mudassar Syed , Shah Zafar Amin , Shabir Iram , Sofi Sanjeed Ahmad , Gupta Nandita , Hafeez Imran , Sreenivas Vishnubatla 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder with diverse metabolic implications. Diagnosis typically relies on oligo‐amenorrhoea (OA), hyperandrogenism (HA), and polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). However, the role of polymenorrhoea in PCOS remains understudied. Additionally, limited information exists regarding metabolic disturbances in women with partial PCOS phenotypes that do not meet diagnostic criteria. This extensive database aims to provide substantial evidence on the metabolic implications of polymenorrhoea and partial PCOS phenotypes.DesignProspective observational study.Patients and MeasurementsIn this single‐centre study, 6463 women with PCOS‐like characteristics and 3142 age‐matched healthy women were included. The study compared clinical (anthropometry, modified Ferriman Gallwey [mFG] score), hormonal (serum testosterone), and metabolic (plasma glucose, serum lipids, insulin) characteristics between women diagnosed with PCOS, those with partial PCOS phenotypes, and the healthy control groupResultsIn all, 5174 women met Rotterdam criteria for PCOS diagnosis, while 737 were classified as Pre‐PCOS, including HA (n = 538), OA (n = 121), or PCOM (n = 78). Common clinical features included oligomenorrhoea (75.5%), hirsutism (82.9%), obesity (27.2%), hypertension (1.6%), metabolic syndrome (19.6%), and diabetes mellitus (5.6%). Women diagnosed with PCOS, HA only, and OA only exhibited higher average body mass index, plasma glucose levels (both fasting and 2 h after the oral glucose tolerance test), and lipid fractions in comparison to those with PCOM and the healthy controls. However, indices of insulin resistance were similar among women with PCOS, HA, PCOM, and OA, albeit higher than in the healthy controls. The polymenorrhoea subgroup (5.9%) had lower BMI and serum testosterone, but similar mFG score, plasma glucose, insulin, and lipid levels as the oligomenorrhoea subgroup.ConclusionThe metabolic disturbances observed in Pre‐PCOS women highlight the need to reassess diagnostic criteria. Including the polymenorrhoea subcategory in PCOS criteria is recommended due to similar metabolic dysfunctions as the oligomenorrhoea group.
A rare case of chordoma cutis
Authors: Jung Dayeon , Ko Seung Min , Seo Jinwon , Park Eun Joo , Kim Kwang Joong , Kim Kwang Ho 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChordoma is a rare locally aggressive bone malignancy that originates from the notochord. It typically involves the sacrococcygeal area, spheno‐occipital region of the skull, and spine. Cutaneous involvement of chordoma, termed as chordoma cutis, is uncommon and usually occurs via direct invasion or local recurrence. Distant metastasis to the skin is very rare. We report a case of chordoma cutis on the scalp, which lacked characteristic physaliferous cells but tested positive for brachyury, thus supporting the diagnosis of chordoma cutis. The patient, who presented with a solitary translucent nodule on the scalp, was previously diagnosed with chordoma on the vertebral column and skull 8 months prior. Microscopic examination showed a cord‐like arrangement of plasmacytoid cells within a myxoid stroma. Physaliferous cells were not observed, and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 staining was negative; however, brachyury and epithelial membrane antigen staining was positive, leading to the diagnosis of chordoma cutis. Therefore, clinicians must include chordoma cutis in the differential diagnosis of translucent nodular lesions on the skin of patients formerly diagnosed with chordoma.
Characterization of patients with psoriatic arthritis in dermatologic and rheumatologic care: analysis of two registries
Authors: Augustin Matthias , Lindner Lisa , Kühl Laura , Weiss Anja , Rustenbach Stephan Jeff , Stephan Brigitte , Feuchtenberger Martin , Mrowietz Ulrich , Thaçi Diamant , Staubach Petra , Baraliakos Xenofon , Strangfeld Anja , von Kiedrowski Ralph , Behrens Frank , Regierer Anne Constanze 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackground and objectivePsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease affecting the musculoskeletal system, skin and nails. The aim is to characterize sociodemographic and clinical patient profiles documented in dermatologic and rheumatologic care.Patients and MethodsData of 704 patients with PsA from the dermatological Psoriasis Registry PsoBest (PB) and 1066 patients from the rheumatological disease registry RABBIT‐SpA (RS) were analyzed. Comparable anamnestic and clinical variables were identified and descriptively analyzed.ResultsThe mean age was 51.7 years in PB and 51.9 in RS. Disease duration of psoriasis was longer, mean cutaneous severity was higher in PB. However, more patients in RS vs. PB had tender joints and swollen joints. Mean Dermatology Life Quality Index was higher in PB and mean Health Assessment Questionnaire in RS. Patient reported global disease activity and pain were lower in PB. IL‐23 inhibitors were used more frequently in PB, and TNF inhibitors in RS.ConclusionsClinical specialization was associated with different clinical and treatment patterns of PsA. This may indicate a selection by dominant manifestation of psoriatic disease and potentially by effects of health care access. Psoriatic arthritis should be treated in a multidisciplinary approach considering all facets of this complex disease.
The rest‐activity rhythm, genetic susceptibility and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective study in UK Biobank
Authors: Wu Huanyu , Liu Xin , Jiang Wenbo , Hu Cong , Wang Xuanyang , Tian Zhen , Gu Wenbo , Sun Changhao , Han Tianshu , Wei Wei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aims to examine the association between the rest‐activity rhythm (RAR) and the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D).Materials and MethodsIn total, 97 503 participants without diabetes in the UK Biobank cohort were recruited. Wearable accelerometry was used to monitor circadian behaviour. The parameters of RAR including inter‐daily stability, intra‐daily variability, relative amplitude (RA), most active continuous 10 h period (M10), and least active continuous 5 h period (L5) were calculated to evaluate the robustness and regularity of the RAR. The weighted polygenic risk score for T2D (T2D‐PRS) was calculated. Cox proportion hazards models were used to evaluate the survival relationship and the joint and interaction effects of RAR parameters and T2D‐PRS on the occurrence of T2D.ResultsDuring 692 257 person‐years follow‐ups, a total of 2434 participants were documented. After adjustment for potential confounders, compared with participants in the highest quartile of RA and M10, the participants in the lowest quartile had a greater risk of T2D (HRRA = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.76‐2.41; HRM10 = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.19‐1.49). Meanwhile, the highest quartile of L5 was related to a higher risk of T2D (HR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.55‐2.24). The joint analysis showed that the high T2D‐PRS with the lowest quartile of RA and M10, or highest quartile of L5 jointly increased the risk of T2D (HRRA = 4.46, 95% CI: 3.36‐6.42; HRM10 = 3.15, 95% CI: 2.29‐4.32; HRL5 = 3.09, 95% CI: 2.40‐3.99). No modification effects of T2D‐PRS on the association between the RAR parameters and risk of T2D were observed (p > .05).ConclusionThe unbalanced RAR are associated with a greater risk of T2D, which are independent of known risk factors of T2D.
Is bitcoin ESG‐compliant? A sober look
Authors: Proelss Juliane , Schweizer Denis , Sévigny Stéphane 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMuch of the media focus surrounding Bitcoin (BTC) has been on the ‘E’ (environmental) element of the ESG investing approach. Given the amount of electricity consumed by BTC mining, and the resulting large carbon emissions, BTC has faced substantial criticism of its overly negative environmental impact, which is critically reviewed in this article. This one‐sided discussion, however, ignores the ‘S’ (social) and ‘G’ (governance) elements entirely. To remedy that, we explore BTC's positive impact on the ‘S’ (user satisfaction, data protection and privacy, human rights, and criminal activity), and ‘G’ (accounting integrity and transparency, compensation, and principles of good governance) components.
Hesperidin improves physiological outcomes in an arginine vasopressin rat model of pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Reddy Rebecca , Baijnath Sooraj , Singh Sanil , Moodley Roshila , Naicker Thajasvarie , Govender Nalini 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundHesperidin, a flavanone commonly found in citrus fruits and herbal formulations, has emerged as a potential new therapeutic agent for modulating several diseases. Since pre‐eclampsia is a growing public health threat, it may negatively impact the economy and increase the disease burden of South Africa. Phytocompounds are easily accessible, demonstrate minimal side effects, and may confer novel medicinal options as a treatment and preventive preference.ObjectiveTo investigate the physiological, biochemical, and hematological outcomes of hesperidin in an arginine vasopressin (AVP)‐induced rodent model of pre‐eclampsia.MethodsFemale Sprague–Dawley rats were surgically implanted with mini‐osmotic pumps to deliver AVP (200 ng/h) subcutaneously. Animals were treated with hesperidin at 200 mg/kg.b.w via oral gavage for 14 days. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured on GD 7, 14, and 18 using a non‐invasive tail‐cuff method and were euthanized on GD 21.ResultsThe findings showed that hesperidin administration significantly decreased blood pressure (P < 0.05) and urinary protein levels in pregnant rats (P < 0.001). Placental and individual pup weight also increased significantly in the pregnant hesperidin‐treated groups compared to AVP untreated groups (P < 0.001). Biochemical and hematological markers such as white blood cell count and lymphocyte levels differed significantly (P < 0.05) in AVP groups treated with and without hesperidin.ConclusionOur results suggest that hesperidin is an antihypertensive agent with modes of action associated with its diuretic and blood pressure lowering effects and reduction of proteinuria in AVP‐induced pre‐eclamptic rats.
Police corruption and crime: Evidence from Africa
Authors: Gillanders Robert , Ouedraogo Idrissa , Maïga Windkouni Haoua Eugenie , Aja‐Eke Doris 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing data from the Afrobarometer surveys, this paper finds that people living in regions in which police corruption is more prevalent are more likely to report that they or someone in their family have been victims of physical assault. People living in more corrupted regions are also more likely to report that they or someone in their family has had something stolen from their home. We find no statistically significant gender differences in the average marginal effects. Controlling for the incidence of corruption in other domains reduces the size of the estimated association but does not render it insignificant in terms of statistical significance or magnitude. Non‐police corruption is also strongly associated with an increased risk of crime. For both types of crime, the evidence points to “transactional” police corruption (having to pay bribes to get help) rather than “predatory” police corruption (having to pay bribes to avoid problems) as driving the relationship. Finally, we show that, controlling for whether the respondent reports being a victim of either type of crime, police corruption predicts an increase in the probability that the respondent reports feeling unsafe while walking in their own neighborhood thus imposing a cost even on those who have not been victims.
Preliminary exploration of a multidimensional sleep health composite in adolescent females with frequent migraine
Authors: Clementi Michelle A. , Kienzler Caitlin , Yonker Marcy , Harmon Michelle , Simon Stacey L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis observational study aimed to: (i) describe and explore preliminary psychometric properties of a multidimensional sleep health composite score in adolescent females with frequent migraine; and (ii) examine associations between the composite score, headache characteristics, and emotional health.BackgroundSleep health is a multidimensional construct comprised of various dimensions of sleep and circadian functioning, including Regularity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, and Duration (Ru‐SATED framework). The Ru‐SATED sleep health composite score may provide a holistic perspective of sleep among adolescents with frequent migraine in the context of neurobiological and psychosocial impacts on sleep unique to this developmental period.MethodsIn all, 60 female adolescents (aged 12–18 years) with high‐frequency episodic or chronic migraine completed wrist‐worn actigraphy for 10 days and concurrent daily electronic surveys assessing headache, sleep, and emotional health. A sleep health composite score was derived from empirically supported “healthy” versus “unhealthy” ratings on the six Ru‐SATED sleep dimensions.ResultsHalf of participants (27/54 [50%]) had a composite score ≥4 (i.e., at least four of the six dimensions rated as poor). Convergent validity of the composite score was acceptable (rs = 0.30–0.56, all p < 0.05). Internal consistency among the dimensions was low (α = 0.45). Multivariate multiple regression models indicated that worse sleep health was associated with greater headache‐related disability (B = 0.71, p = 0.018) and anxiety (B = 0.59, p = 0.010), and trended toward significance for sadness (B = 0.35, p = 0.052). The composite score was not significantly associated with headache frequency or severity.ConclusionsA multidimensional sleep health composite score may provide an alternative, more comprehensive picture of sleep disturbance among adolescent females with frequent migraine. Larger studies are needed to examine psychometric properties more rigorously and further explore the composite score as a potentially unique predictor of headache outcomes.
Staying safe, feeling welcome, being seen: How spatio‐temporal configurations affect relations of care at an inclusive health and wellness centre
Authors: Plage Stefanie , Baker Kirsten , Parsell Cameron , Stambe Rose‐Marie , Kuskoff Ella , Mansuri Arif 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople experiencing homelessness also experience poorer health and frequently attend acute care settings when primary health care would be better equipped to meet their needs. Existing scholarship identifies a complex mix of individual and structural‐level factors affecting primary health care engagement driving this pattern of health services utilisation. We build on this existing knowledge, by bringing the spatio‐temporal configurations of primary health care into focus. Specifically, we interrogate how space and time inflect situated practices and relations of care.MethodsThis study took an ethnographic approach and was conducted 2021–2022 at an inclusive health and wellness centre ("the Centre") in Southeast Queensland, Australia. The data consists of 46 interviews with 48 people with lived experience of homelessness, including participants who use the services offered at the Centre (n = 26) and participants who do not (n = 19). We also interviewed 20 clinical and non‐clinical service providers affiliated with the Centre and observed how service delivery took place. Interviews and observations were complemented by visual data, including participant‐produced photography. All data were analysed employing a narrative framework.ResultsWe present three interrelated themes demonstrating how space and time affect care, that is ‘staying safe’, ‘feeling welcome’ and ‘being seen’. ‘Staying safe’ captures the perceptions and practices around safety, which sit in tension with making service users feel welcome. ‘Feeling welcome’ attends to the sense of being invited to use services free of judgment. ‘Being seen’ depicts capacities to see a health care provider as well as being understood in one's lived experience.ConclusionSpatio‐temporal configurations, such as attendance policies, consultation modalities and time allocated to care encounters afford differential opportunities to nurture reciprocal relations. We conclude that flexible service configurations can leverage a relational model of care.Patient or Public ContributionService providers were consulted during the design stage of the project and had opportunities to inform data collection instruments. Two service providers contributed to the manuscript as co‐authors. People with lived experience of homelessness who use the services at the inclusive health centre contributed as research participants and provided input into the dissemination of findings. The photography they produced has been featured in an in‐person exhibition, to which some have contributed as consultants or curators. It is hoped that their insights into experiences of welcomeness, safety and being seen will inform flexible and relational primary health care design, delivery, and evaluation to better cater for people experiencing housing instability and poverty.
Preparation of spherical AlON powder and high transparent ceramics by pressureless sintering
Authors: Zhang Yiming , He Qing , Wu Haoyang , Zhang Zhirui , Jia Baorui , Lu Huifeng , Gu Siyong , Li Tao , Guo Dengshuai , Zhu Zaiwen , Hou Dong , Qu Xuanhui , Qin Mingli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe sphericity and fluidity of the powder play a crucial role in the forming and sintering of ceramics. High‐performance AlON spherical powder was prepared for the first time by spray drying of powder fired by solid‐phase reaction, and the preparation of AlON transparent ceramics was realized under pressureless sintering conditions. The effect of AlN dosage on the purity of AlON powder was investigated, and the powder fluidity was improved by spray drying technique. Then the best spray drying process was selected by scanning electron microscopy, AD/TD, green density, MIP and transmittance measurements. The AlON particles obtained under the optimal granulation process have good dispersibility, high green density after pressing, and uniform pore distribution. After dry pressing and sintering at 1900°C for 20 h, the AlON ceramics with linear transmissivity of 84.3% at 2 μm wavelength can be obtained. The excellent pressing and sintering properties of AlON granulated particles make it possible for large‐scale production.
A comparative study of cerium oxides formed by pulsed laser ablation and continuous wave laser heating
Authors: Auner Alexander W. , Burton Mark A. , Nagel Lauren A. , Crowhurst Jonathan C. , Weisz David G. , Knight Kimberly B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe formation of Ce2O3 from cerium metal requires complex reducing conditions. Alternatively, we show that different stoichiometries and structures of cerium oxides can be generated in high‐temperature laser experiments by varying the availability of oxygen and the use of either pulsed laser ablation (PLA) or continuous wave (CW) laser heating of cerium metal. X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy suggest that a low structural order Ce2O3/CeO2 mixed structure is formed in a 1% O2 atmosphere with PLA. For CW heating in a 1% O2 environment, Raman measurements show the formation of crystalline A‐type Ce2O3 in proximity to the point of laser impingement. These experiments were repeated in 18O2 and allowed us to report for the first time the corresponding Raman spectrum of Ce218O3.
The impact of parent mediation on young children's home digital literacy practices and learning: A narrative review
Authors: Soyoof Ali , Reynolds Barry Lee , Neumann Michelle , Scull Janet , Tour Ekaterina , McLay Katherine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn today's society, a growing body of literature attests to the importance of young children's early digital literacy skills in their home environments and how acquisition of these digital literacy skills relates to their future learning and digital literacy.ObjectivesResearch on young children's digital literacy practices at home was reviewed to explore the positive and negative influences on early learning. This is important due to the children's rapid uptake of online digital technologies over the past decade.MethodsPeer‐reviewed research articles on home digital literacy practices of children (aged 0–8 years old) published between 2010 and 2021 from four education databases were carefully selected based upon pre‐determined criteria and examined using content analysis.Results and ConclusionA high proportion of studies (29 of the 31; 93.5%) demonstrated significant benefits of young children gaining a range of skills, including digital operational, early literacy and language, socio‐emotional, and STEM, through the use of digital technologies at home. Five of the 31 (16.12%) studies reported negative effects of digital technologies in the home context, including distraction, aggressive behaviour, and false self‐confidence. Tablets and smartphone use gained greater momentum in the home context, especially between 2015 and 2021, and there was a positive shift in parental mediation, family involvement, and the children's home digital literacy practices.ImplicationsBy leveraging children's acquisition of digital literacy skills in the home and taking into account the sociocultural context, we can enhance young children's preparation for the future and provide opportunities for skill development across various learning domains.