bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALMA observations of CO isotopologues towards six obscured post-asymptotic giant branch stars
Authors: Khouri T. , Tafoya D. , Vlemmings W. H. T. , Olofsson H. , Sánchez Contreras C. , Alcolea J. , Gómez J. F. , Velilla-Prieto L. , Sahai R. , Santander-García M. , Bujarrabal V. , Karakas A. , Saberi M. , Gallardo Cava I. , Imai H. , Pérez-Sánchez A. F. 
Published: January 2025

Context. Low- and intermediate-mass stars evolve through the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) when an efficient mass-loss process removes a significant fraction of their initial mass. For most sources, this mass-loss process relies on the interplay between convection, stellar pulsations, and dust formation. However, predicting the mass-loss history of a given star from first principles is complex and not yet feasible at present. At the end of the AGB, at least some stars experience a substantial increase in their mass-loss rate for unknown reasons, leading to the creation of post-AGB objects that are completely enshrouded in thick dusty envelopes. Recent studies have suggested that some of these sources may be the product of interactions between an evolved star with a close companion.
Aims. We observed six obscured post-AGB stars (four C-rich and two O-rich sources) to constrain the properties of their circumstellar envelopes, recent mass-loss histories, and initial masses of the central stars.
Methods. We used observations of the J = 2 − 1 line of 13CO, C17O, and C18O with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to determine the circumstellar gas masses and the 17O/18O isotopic ratios, the latter of which can be used to infer initial stellar masses. These results were interpreted in the context of comparisons with stellar evolution models in the literature and existing observations of other post-AGB stars.
Results. Based on the inferred 17O/18O isotopic ratios, we find all stars to have relatively low initial masses (< 2 M⊙), contrary to literature indications of higher masses for some sources. One of the C-rich sources, HD 187885, has a low 17O/18O ratio; coupled with a low metallicity, this would imply a relatively low mass (∼1.15 M⊙) for a carbon star. For all but one source (GLMP 950), we observe kinematic components with velocities of ≳30 km s−1, which are higher than typical AGB wind expansion velocities. For most sources, these higher velocity outflows display point-symmetric morphologies. The case of Hen 3-1475 is especially spectacular, with the high-velocity molecular outflow appearing to be interleaved with the high-velocity outflow of ionised gas observed at optical wavelengths. Based on the size of the emission regions of the slow components of the outflows, we derived typical kinematic ages associated with the C18O J = 2 − 1 emission of ≲1500 years and obtained relatively high associated mass-loss rates (≳10−4 M⊙ yr−1). The sources with known spectral types are found to have evolved faster than expected, compared to stellar evolutionary models.
Kann die klassische Homöopathie die Beschwerden infolge der
Covid-Impfungen lindern? Ergebnisse aus 40 Fallstudien
Authors: Mayer Andrea Corinna , Jus Martine , Grabenhofer Christoph , Keller Gabriela , Kressibucher Stephan , Hornbacher Petra , Hoffmann Ursula Regine 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungCovid-Impfstoffe können zu einer Vielzahl von Nebenwirkungen führen. Es besteht
dringender Bedarf an einer wirksamen Behandlung für Patienten, die aufgrund
einer Covid-Impfung Symptome entwickelt haben. Folgende Hypothese wurde in
dieser Arbeit überprüft: Die Intensität der durch die Covid-Impfung
hervorgerufenen Symptome kann mithilfe der klassischen Homöopathie erheblich
reduziert werden. Hierfür wurden 40 Fälle von Nebenwirkungen der Covid-Impfung
gesammelt, die in homöopathischen Praxen behandelt wurden, die mit der SHI
Homöopathische Praxis in Zug zusammenarbeiten. Die Fälle wurden als Fallstudien
beschrieben und in Bezug auf ihren Verlauf und die Indizien für einen positiven
Heilungsverlauf hin analysiert. Die 40 Patienten litten unter einer Vielzahl von
Covid-Impfnebenwirkungen wie Müdigkeitssyndrom, Myokarditis, Lungenentzündung,
Schwindel, Tinnitus, Parästhesien, Niereninsuffizienz und Amenorrhö. Im
Durchschnitt litten die Patienten 7 Monate lang unter diesen Symptomen, und die
Heilungsdauer betrug 3 Monate. In 85% der Fälle wurden die durch die
Covid-Impfung hervorgerufenen Symptome vollständig geheilt. In 47,5% der Fälle
wurde eine der folgenden Nosoden verschrieben: Carcinosinum, Medorrhinum,
Psorinum oder eine der Covid-Impfnosoden. Die Covid-Impfnosoden können in Fällen
hilfreich sein, in denen kein anderes Arzneimittelbild klar erkennbar ist. Die
Behandlung nach individuellen Symptomen und Charakteristika ist auch bei Fällen
von Covid-Impffolgen empfehlenswert. Auch homöopathische Mittel, die nicht in
der Rubrik „Allgemeines – Impfung; Beschwerden nach“ enthalten sind, sollten
berücksichtigt werden, da jedes auf die Symptome und Charakteristika des
jeweiligen Patienten passende homöopathische Mittel die Folgen einer Impfung
beseitigen kann. Heilreaktionen aller Art sollten willkommen geheißen und nicht
unterdrückt werden. Sowohl das Energieniveau als auch die mentalen Symptome sind
wichtige Indikatoren für eine positive Reaktion auf das jeweilige homöopathische
Mittel. Diese Analyse von 40 Fallstudien zeigt, dass die Homöopathie in der Lage
ist, die Intensität der durch die Covid-Impfung hervorgerufenen Symptome
erheblich zu reduzieren und in vielen Fällen ganz zu heilen. Daher kann die
Homöopathie als wirksame Therapiemethode bei Covid-Impffolgen empfohlen
werden.
Combating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: Exploring the Cellular Effects of Lonicera caerulea var. kamtschatica Extract
Authors: Zima Katarzyna , Kowalczyk Paulina , Banaszkiewicz Laura , Woźniak Mateusz Kacper , Khaidakov Barbara , Lemke Krzysztof 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lonicera caerulea var. kamtschatica, known as blue honeysuckle or haskap berry, is rich in bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins, which are linked to various health benefits, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The research specifically investigates the effects of an L. caerulea var. kamtschatica extract that has been standardized to contain a minimum of 15% anthocyanins on inflammation and oxidative stress at the cellular level.
In vitro studies using A549 human lung epithelial cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrated the extractʼs anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. L. caerulea var. kamtschatica extract significantly inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and reduced the production of IL-8 in A549 cells. It also downregulated the expression of proinflammatory genes (RELA and PTGS2) while upregulating antioxidant genes (CAT, HMOX1, and SOD2). In peripheral blood mononuclear cells, L. caerulea var. kamtschatica extract decreased the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 following lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Additionally, the extract inhibited reactive oxygen species formation and nitric oxide production, demonstrating its potential to modulate oxidative stress. Furthermore, in vitro assays indicated that
L. caerulea var. kamtschatica extract could hinder the binding of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to the hACE2 receptor, suggesting antiviral potential.These findings suggest that L. caerulea var. kamtschatica extract exerts significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, indicating its potential as a functional food ingredient or dietary supplement to combat inflammation and oxidative stress.
Estimating feral cat (Felis catus) population density in eastern Australia’s subtropical rainforest using spatial capture-recapture incorporating unidentified individuals
Authors: McHugh Darren , Hollanders Matthijs , Legge Sarah , Augustine Ben C. 
Published: January 2025

Context Management of broadly distributed invasive species requires knowledge of population densities across multiple ecosystems. The feral cat (Felis catus) has a continental distribution in Australia and has caused many declines and extinctions; however, density estimates from several ecosystems are few or lacking. Camera trapping data coupled with spatially explicit capture–recapture analysis is a suitable approach for estimating cat densities. However, if a large portion of individuals cannot be identified, density estimation may be difficult and estimates may be too low. Aims We aimed to estimate the feral cat density and population size within the subtropical Gondwanan Rainforest of eastern Australia, an area with world heritage status and high biodiversity values, and in which cat density was not known. Methods We used feral cat data from a grid of 60 camera traps deployed over 305 days in Border Ranges National Park, totalling 18,300 camera trapping nights. We employed a ‘random thinning’ spatially explicit capture–recapture model that considered detections of both known and unknown feral cat identities. Our modelling included a primary detection history of identified individuals and a secondary detection history that included pelage type, which allowed us to account for individuals with homogeneous pelage types. Key results Feral cat density was estimated at 0.858 cats km−2 (95% HPDI 0.432, 1.385), which is much higher than the average feral cat density across the Australian continent of 0.27 cats km−2 (95% CI: 0.18–0.45). The probability of identifying unique individuals was low for black and tabby cats compared with other pelage types. Population sizes during the four survey periods were estimated to be similar, with posterior medians ranging from 197 to 202 individuals and 95% highest posterior density intervals ranging from 95 to 329 individuals within a ~234 km2 area. Conclusions Our study provides the first robust feral cat density estimate from a subtropical rainforest ecosystem. Implications Our results add to a growing body of literature that suggests feral cat densities are high in productive mesic reserves of eastern Australia. Management of feral cats in Gondwanan World Heritage Areas should be prioritised to limit impacts on narrow-range endemic species that are likely prey to feral cats.
Elliptic Flow Differences between Baryons and Anti-Baryons in Heavy-Ion Collisions Using SMASH Model
Authors: Zhou Shuai , Shi Shusu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Significant differences exist in the elliptic flow v
2 for particles and their corresponding anti-particles. These differences, which are more significant for baryons and anti-baryons, were observed from the solenoidal tracker (STAR) experiment during Beam Energy Scan I (BES-I) at relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC). By employing the simulated many-accelerated strongly interacting hadrons (SMASH) model, we studied the v
2 differences between protons and anti-protons as well as between Λ and

Λ
¯

in Au + Au collisions at

s

NN

=
7.7

GeV as a function of the evolution time. It was found that as the evolution time increases, the v
2 differences between protons and anti-protons become more significant than those between Λ and

Λ
¯

. This phenomenon can be explained by the different constituent quarks of protons and Λ. Given that some of the u and d quarks come from the colliding nuclei and are transported to midrapidity, they undergo more interactions than the produced quarks, resulting in protons Δv
2 being larger than Λ Δv
2. We compared the SMASH calculations with STAR BES-I data and concluded that higher-precision data from BES-II will set constraints on theoretical frameworks to interpret the v
2 differences between particles and anti-particles.
The effect of rapid thermal annealing on 1.55 μm InAs/InP quantum dots
Authors: Dear Calum , Park Jae-Seong , Jia Hui , EL HAJRAOUI Khalil , Yuan Jiajing , Wang Yangqian , Hou Yaonan , Deng Huiwen , Li Qiang , Ramasse Quentin , Seeds Alwyn , Tang Mingchu , Liu Huiyun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) can be used as a post-growth method to adjust the optical properties of III-V materials. This work investigates the efficacy of applying cyclic RTA to 1.55 μm multi-layer InAs/InAlGaAs quantum dots (QDs) grown on (001) InP substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. Samples cyclically-annealed at 600 °C retain most of their as-grown optical, structural, and compositional characteristics whilst exhibiting a 4.6-fold increase in peak PL intensity. This strategy was successfully implemented in broad-area devices with improved slope efficiency and output power, demonstrating cyclic RTA as an effective method in enhancing high-performance 1.55 μm QD lasers on InP (001) substrates.
Lattice thermal conductivity in CrSBr: the effects of interlayer interaction, magnetic ordering and external strain
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhi Yupeng , Liu Qinxi , Liu Yinqiao , Jiang Xue , Zhao Jijun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With the continuous development of digital information and big data technologies, the ambient temperature and heat generation during the operation of magnetic storage devices play an increasingly crucial role in ensuring data security and device stability. In this study, we conducted a thorough investigation on in-plane lattice thermal conductivity of the van der Waals (vdWs) magnetic semiconductor CrSBr from bulk to monolayer using first-principles calculations and phonon Boltzmann transport equation. Our findings indicated that CrSBr show strong anisotropic thermal transport behaviors and layer number and magnetic ordering dependent lattice thermal conductivity. The lowest thermal conductivity is observed in y direction of antiferromagnetic CrSBr bilayer at all temperatures. Through the analysis of phonon spectra, phonon lifetime, heat capacity, scattering probability, phonon–phonon interaction strength, we demonstrated that out of plane acoustic phonon modes soften, the shift of Cr–Br antisymmetrical stretching vibrations, and large phonon band gap are the main factors. These results offer a comprehensive insight into phonon transport phenomena in vdWs magnetic materials.
Multi-performance index reinforcement learning training of beaver-like robot
Authors: Chen Gang , Xue Hanhan , Meng Xianghui , Zhao Zhihan , Liu Zhen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The underwater environment is characterized by its inherent complexity and dynamics, leading to substantial interference with the precision of underwater measurement data. To enhance the precision of underwater data measurements, underwater robotic platforms necessitate improved motion and stability characteristics. As amphibian mammals, beavers possess excellent amphibious abilities and a wide range of environmental adaptability. Based on the observation of biological morphology and hind limb fin structure of beavers, this study analyses their swimming mechanism and designs a beaver-like robot. This study introduces an efficient control algorithm designed for a beaver-like robot platform. The algorithm integrates reinforcement learning with conservative Q-learning, model-based policy optimization and deep Q-network methods to facilitate offline training of the robot. A training weight allocation system is employed to enhance adaptability across diverse swimming conditions in the complex underwater setting. Simulating the robot’s underwater environment, the algorithm has demonstrated effective training in both speed and stability. The pitch angle is successfully stabilized between −0.245 and 0.305 rad, while the robot’s speed reaches up to 0.38 m·s−1.
An enhanced dung beetle optimizer with adaptive node selection and dynamic step search for mobile robots path planning
Authors: Zhang Wanying , Zhang Huajun , Zhang Xuetao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Path planning plays a crucial role in determining the shortest and safest route for autonomous mobile robots, and metaheuristic optimization algorithms have demonstrated their efficacy in solving complex problems involving numerous and variably shaped obstacles. The dung beetle optimizer (DBO) emerges as a novel heuristic optimization algorithm, drawing inspiration from the behavior patterns exhibited by dung beetles. This paper presents an improved algorithm called the enhanced DBO (EDBO) designed to address the mobile robot path planning problem. First, a node selection strategy based on the search radius is proposed to reduce the probability of path reciprocation while concurrently enhancing the initial population quality. Second, the conventional ball-rolling strategy employed in DBO is replaced with a dynamic step size search strategy. This strategy dynamically adjusts the step size based on the relative distance between the current position and the worst position of each iteration, enabling the population to update its position adaptively in response to environmental changes. Additionally, the global optimal position is incorporated to guide the search process, thereby improving the global search performance of DBO. Finally, a path fine-tuning strategy is implemented to refine the new generated individuals, with geometric principles of triangles being introduced to locally adjust the optimized path and guide the population out of local optima. Experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the three improvement strategies, comparing the path optimization performance of EDBO with five other algorithms across five different complexity environments. Additionally, two statistical testing methods are employed to evaluate the experimental results. The experimental results indicate that, in all five environments, EDBO outperforms the other five algorithms in terms of path length and achieves superior path smoothness in 80% of the cases. Moreover, EDBO consistently demonstrates better overall performance than DBO, excelling in both convergence accuracy and speed.
Design and development of magnetic flexible endoscope for upper gastrointestinal examination
Authors: Wang Zili , Weng Ding , Li Zhaoxin , Chen Lei , Ma Yuan , Wang Jiadao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Magnetic continuum robot (CR) represents a subtype of CRs, which could realize non-contact manipulation through external magnetic field. Their appearance alongside advancements in robotic technology has significantly improved procedures such as flexible endoscopy examinations, microscopic surgeries, and active catheter operations, providing new ideas and approaches for endoscope examination. By using magnetic field, observation and navigation at different positions are achieved by controlling the bending of the flexible endoscope tip through magnetic torque. In this study a design and fabrication approach for miniaturized magnetic flexible endoscope (diameter of 4 mm) was proposed hoping to achieve the functionality of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Experimental validation on a 3D electromagnetic platform underscores the flexibility and steerability of the magnetic flexible endoscope, with a mean-square error of 16.52° for maximum bending angle. Additionally, integrating simulation results based on minimum potential energy principle of magnetic potential energy and elastic potential energy has demonstrated precise deformation forecasting, compared with experimental results. The results also indicated that the maximum deflection angle of the magnetic flexible endoscope can reach 164.97°. Magnetic fields in different directions are obtained by varying the current of the power sources. The magnetic flexible endoscope can achieve trajectory motion within a 2D plane along predefined paths. The functionality of the magnetic flexible endoscope has been demonstrated by in vitro model and ex vivo porcine stomach experiments, which showed that magnetic flexible endoscope can bend and deform within the model to observe different positions and even realize the retroflexion capabilities of existing endoscopes. These findings provide a foundation for further development of miniaturized magnetic flexible endoscopic manipulation devices, aiming to improve treatment efficacy and optimize patient treatment experiences.
Topology-optimized flexible capacitive pressure sensors suitable for medium-pressure range
Authors: Xia Cheng , Li Jiachun , Chen Yuewei , Zou Zhongfei , Zhang Yingbo , Shi Wenhai , Wang Yongtao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Numerous flexible capacitive pressure sensors (FCPSs) designed for low-pressure range perform highly sensitive sensing over a wide detection range. However, these sensors are primarily based on inspiration, and large pressure applications have yet to be explored. In this paper, we propose for the first time the stiffness topology optimization of hyperelastic dielectrics by analyzing the working mechanism and target sensing characteristics. The feasibility of using topological dielectric as a dielectric layer for FCPSs is evaluated through a combined analysis using ABAQUS and COMSOL. Three different volume fractions (

f

∗

) FCPSs (

f

∗

= 0.35,0.4,0.5) are manufactured utilizing 3D printing. The FCPSs exhibited high sensitivity at external pressure values of 7.06 kPa (

f

∗

= 0.35), 8.71 kPa (

f

∗

= 0.4), and 18.9 kPa (

f

∗

= 0.5), respectively, and the highest sensitivity reached 1.29 kPa−1 (

f

∗

= 0.35). In addition, when

f

∗

= 0.35, FCPSs exhibiting high repeatability over 6000 cycles in 40 kPa, a relatively wide detection range (60 kPa) and high stability at different pressures (5–60 kPa) and temperatures (15 °C–60 °C). Lastly, the high performance of FCPSs is further illustrated through motion monitoring of three different joints, collision monitoring of a 3D printer, and testing on a robotic car, indicating their application prospects.
Design of a dissipative chaotic system based on Hamiltonian energy function and its application
Authors: Xue Rui , Ma Yangqin , An Xinlei , Xiong Li , Zhang Jiangang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The construction and enhancement of chaotic systems are the research hotspot, especially in the secure communication applications fields. By applying Hamiltonian energy function to differential dynamical system, a dissipative nonlinear system is constructed based on generalized Hamiltonian system and Hamiltonian energy function, which enlarge the range of chaos system construction. The dynamical behavior of the new system is analyzed using bifurcation diagrams, maximum Lyapunov exponent diagrams and phase diagrams. It is shown that the system can produce an extensive range of continuous chaos by modulating the input parameters of external energy. At the same time, various attractors are found with the evolution of different initial values, that is the phenomenon known as ‘multi stability’, which has more advantage in image encryption. Due to high spectral entropy complexity of the chaotic sequences generated from the dissipative system, the practical application in image encryption is investigated. Considering the demand of efficient image transmission, a multi-image encryption algorithm is proposed based on DNA encoding operation. The algorithm is mainly composed of the following parts: image reconstruction, cross-plane scrambling and DNA diffusion. Eventually, the security analysis results reveal that the encryption algorithm can encrypt numrous color images of different sizes at once, and better security performance can be verified. By combining energy transfer and dissipation with the folding and contraction of trajectories in chaotic motion, a new chaotic system is constructed through energy distribution. This construction method has a deep physical background and is easy to understand the chaotic phenomenon, which has great potential engineering application value.