bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the utility of molecular diagnostic classification for cancers of unknown primary
Authors: Moore Elle C. , Blobe Gerard C. , DeVito Nicholas C. , Hanks Brent A. , Harrison Michael R. , Hoimes Christopher J. , Jia Jingquan , Morse Michael A. , Jayaprakasan Parvathy , MacKelfresh Andrew , Mulder Hillary , Hockenberry Adam J. , Zander Alia , Stumpe Martin C. , Michuda Jackson , Beauchamp Kyle A. , Perakslis Eric , Taxter Timothy , George Daniel J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRoughly 5% of metastatic cancers present with uncertain origin, for which molecular classification could influence subsequent management; however, prior studies of molecular diagnostic classifiers have reported mixed results with regard to clinical impact. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the utility of a novel molecular diagnostic classifier by assessing theoretical changes in treatment and additional testing recommendations from oncologists before and after the review of classifier predictions.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed de‐identified records from 289 patients with a consensus diagnosis of cancer of uncertain/unknown primary (CUP). Two (or three, if adjudication was required) independent oncologists separately reviewed patient clinical information to determine the course of treatment before they reviewed results from the molecular diagnostic classifier and subsequently evaluated whether the predicted diagnosis would alter their treatment plan.ResultsResults from the molecular diagnostic classifier changed the consensus oncologist‐reported treatment recommendations for 235 out of 289 patients (81.3%). At the level of individual oncologist reviews (n = 414), 64.7% (n = 268) of treatment recommendations were based on CUP guidelines prior to review of results from the molecular diagnostic classifier. After seeing classifier results, 98.1% (n = 207) of the reviews, where treatment was specified (n = 211), were guided by the tissue of origin‐specific guidelines. Overall, 89.9% of the 414 total reviews either expressed strong agreement (n = 242) or agreement (n = 130) that the molecular diagnostic classifier result increased confidence in selecting the most appropriate treatment regimen.ConclusionsA retrospective review of CUP cases demonstrates that a novel molecular diagnostic classifier could affect treatment in the majority of patients, supporting its clinical utility. Further studies are needed to prospectively evaluate whether the use of molecular diagnostic classifiers improves clinical outcomes in CUP patients.
Radiation‐Induced Transfer of Charge, Atoms, and Energy within Isolated Biomolecular Systems
Authors: Chevalier François , Schlathölter Thomas , Poully Jean‐Christophe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn biological tissues, ionizing radiation interacts with a variety of molecules and the consequences include cell killing and the modification of mechanical properties. Applications of biological radiation action are for instance radiotherapy, sterilization, or the tailoring of biomaterial properties. During the first femtoseconds to milliseconds after the initial radiation action, biomolecular systems typically respond by transfer of charge, atoms, or energy. In the condensed phase, it is usually very difficult to distinguish direct effects from indirect effects. A straightforward solution for this problem is the use of gas‐phase techniques, for instance from the field of mass spectrometry. In this review, we survey mainly experimental but also theoretical work, focusing on radiation‐induced intra‐ and inter‐molecular transfer of charge, atoms, and energy within biomolecular systems in the gas phase. Building blocks of DNA, proteins, and saccharides, but also antibiotics are considered. The emergence of general processes as well as their timescales and mechanisms are highlighted.
Use of Constrained G‐Quadruplexes for Enantioselective Sulfoxidation Site Mapping
Authors: Colas Yoann , Ménage Stéphane , Marchi‐Delapierre Caroline , Spinelli Nicolas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCatalysis using G‐quadruplexes (G‐4) has shown promise as a way to perform asymmetric sulfoxidation of thioanisole derivatives. However, despite the relative simplicity of G‐4, the mechanism of chiral control of sulfoxidation is still unknown, mainly because G‐4 can adopt different topologies. To better understand the mechanism of G‐4‐catalyzed sulfoxidation, G‐4 was chemically constrained into a unique topology. It was shown that either sulfoxidation can occur at the outer tetrads or at the grooves of G‐4 and that different enantiomers can be generated depending on the region where catalysis occurs. By means of these G‐4 mimics, the enantioselective control of the sulfoxidation reaction was unraveled.
Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Phosphinoylated and Phosphonoylated N‐Heterocycles Obtained by the Microwave‐Assisted Palladium Acetate‐Catalyzed Hirao Reaction
Authors: Huszár Bianka , Szolga Renáta , Bősze Szilvia , Oláhné Szabó Rita , Simon András , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Czugler Mátyás , Drahos László , Keglevich György 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA literature survey showed that different derivatives with the 9‐phenyl‐9H‐carbazole or the dihydroindoline scaffold may be of biological activity including cytotoxic effect. Driven by this experience, P‐functionalized derivatives of these N‐heterocycles were synthesized. Three N‐heterocycles, 9‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐9H‐carbazole, 3‐bromo‐9‐phenyl‐9H‐carbazole and 1‐(5‐bromoindolin‐1‐yl)ethan‐1‐one, were coupled with dialkyl phosphites and diarylphosphine oxides using Pd(OAc)2 (10 %) as the catalyst precursor and triethylamine as the base in ethanol under microwave irradiation. The excess of the Y2P(O)H reagent (Y=alkoxy, aryl) (30 %) served as the P‐ligand in its trivalent tautomeric form (Y2POH), hence there was no need for the usual P‐ligands meaning cost and environmental burden. Hence, the presented method is a “green” approach that proved to be more efficient than the preparation by the traditional method. The products, dialkyl phosphonates and tertiary phosphine oxides obtained in 58–84 % yields were characterized, one of them also by single crystal X‐ray analysis, and were subjected to in vitro biological activity evaluation. A (carbazol)yl‐phenylphosphonate, an N‐phenyl‐(carbazol)yl‐phosphonate, a (carbazol)yl‐phenylphosphine oxide and an N‐phenyl‐(carbazol)ylphosphine oxide revealed a significant cytotoxic activity on A549 human non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma and MonoMac‐6 acute monocytic leukemia cancer cells. The cytotoxic effect was significant as compared to that of the reference compounds.
Exceptionally Stable And Super‐Efficient Electrocatalysts Derived From Semiconducting Metal Phosphonate Frameworks
Authors: Beglau Thi Hai Yen , Fetzer Marcus N. A. , Boldog Istvan , Heinen Tobias , Suta Markus , Janiak Christoph , Yücesan Gündoğ 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTwo new isostructural semiconducting metal‐phosphonate frameworks are reported. Co2[1,4‐NDPA] and Zn2[1,4‐NDPA] (1,4‐NDPA4− is 1,4‐naphthalenediphosphonate) have optical bandgaps of 1.7 eV and 2.5 eV, respectively. The electrocatalyst derived from Co2[1,4‐NPDA] as a precatalyst generated a low overpotential of 374 mV in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) with a Tafel slope of 43 mV dec−1 at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline electrolyte (1 mol L−1 KOH), which is indicative of remarkably superior reaction kinetics. Benchmarking of the OER of Co2[1,4‐NPDA] material as a precatalyst coupled with nickel foam (NF) showed exceptional long‐term stability at a current density of 50 mA cm−2 for water splitting compared to the state‐of‐the‐art Pt/C/RuO2@NF after 30 h in 1 mol L−1 KOH. In order to further understand the OER mechanism, the transformation of Co2[1,4‐NPDA] into its electrocatalytically active species was investigated.
Perspectives on Dual‐purpose Functional Nanomaterials for Detecting and Removing Fluoride Ion from Environmental Water
Authors: Dhiman Sukhvinder , Solanki Arun Kumar , Nag Kritika , Jayamurugan Govindasamy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFluoride (F−) is a unique analyte because when in small quantities, it is beneficial and harmful when in larger or negligible quantities, leaving it essential for dual‐purpose detection and removal from a water sample to prevent fluoride‐caused health risks. F− detection and removal using organic molecules and hybrid materials are extensively reported in the literature, but very few reports discuss dual‐purpose detection and removal. Functional nanomaterials (FNM) based on nanoparticles, metal‐organic frameworks, and carbon dots conjugated with fluorophore moiety are largely used for these purposes. Functional groups on nanomaterial surfaces exhibited various interactions such as agglomeration, electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, ion exchange, coordination and π‐π stacking interactions, enabling dual‐purpose detection and removal of F−. These materials offer unique properties such as tunable pore structure, size, and morphology coupled with large surface area and high thermal/chemical stability. Further, this perspective review discusses prospects for sustainable technologies and describes the advantages and disadvantages of using FNM based on its optical properties for detection and removal efficiency. We believe this is the first account that summarizes the single FNM that can be used for simultaneously the selective detection of F− in aqueous media and its efficient removal.
Single‐cell transcriptomics identify TNFRSF1B as a novel T‐cell exhaustion marker for ovarian cancer
Authors: Gao Yan , Shi Hui , Zhao Hongyu , Yao Mengcheng , He Yue , Jiang Mei , Li Jie , Li Zhefeng , Su Shaofei , Liu Tao , Yin Chenghong , Liao Xuebin , Yue Wentao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground:Ovarian cancer (OC) patients routinely show poor immunotherapeutic response due to the complex tumour microenvironment (TME). It is urgent to explore new immunotherapeutic markers.Methods:Through the single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) analyses on high‐grade serous OC (HGSOC), moderate severity borderline tumour and matched normal ovary, we identified a novel exhausted T cells subpopulation that related to poor prognosis in OC. Histological staining, multiple immunofluorescences, and flow cytometry were applied to validate some results from scRNA‐seq. Furthermore, a tumour‐bearing mice model was constructed to investigate the effects of TNFRSF1B treatment on tumour growth in vivo.Results:Highly immunosuppressive TME in HGSOC is displayed compared to moderate severity borderline tumour and matched normal ovary. Subsequently, a novel exhausted subpopulation of CD8+TNFRSF1B+ T cells is identified, which is associated with poor survival. In vitro experiments demonstrate that TNFRSF1B is specifically upregulated on activated CD8+ T cells and suppressed interferon‐γ secretion. The expression of TNFRSF1B on CD8+T cells is closely related to OC clinical malignancy and is a marker of poor prognosis through 140 OC patients’ verification. In addition, the blockade of TNFRSF1B inhibits tumour growth via profoundly remodeling the immune microenvironment in the OC mouse model.Conclusions:Our transcriptomic results analyzed by scRNA‐seq delineate a high‐resolution snapshot of the entire tumour ecosystem of OC TME. The major applications of our findings were an exhausted subpopulation of CD8+TNFRSF1B+ T cells for predicting OC patient prognosis and the potential therapeutic value of TNFRSF1B. These findings demonstrated the clinical value of TNFRSF1B as a potential immunotherapy target and extended our understanding of factors contributing to immunotherapy failure in OC.
Magnetized dusty plasma: On issues of its complexity and magnetization of charged dust particles
Authors: Choudhary Mangilal 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt is possible to excite various linear and nonlinear low‐frequency modes in dusty plasma, which is an admixture of electrons, ions, gas atoms, and negatively charged solid particles. The experimental as well as theoretical study of these low‐frequency dynamical modes in dusty plasma is very complex because of the involvement of dynamics of electrons, ions, and neutrals. If the external magnetic field is introduced to dusty plasma, then the dynamics of it will be more complex. The complexity of magnetized dusty plasma where plasma species (electrons and ions) are magnetized is discussed in detail by keeping the experimental findings in mind. The requirement of theoretical modeling, as well as computation experiments in understanding the dynamics of dusty plasma in the presence of a strong magnetic field, is suggested in the context of experimental findings. The major challenges to magnetizing the massive charged particles in plasma experiments and some proposed solutions are discussed in this review report.
Influence of the mutation load on the genomic composition of hybrids between outcrossing and self‐fertilizing species
Authors: Fyon Fréderic , Berbel‐Filho Waldir M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHybridization is a natural process whereby two diverging evolutionary lineages reproduce and create offspring of mixed ancestry. Differences in mating systems (e.g., self‐fertilization and outcrossing) are expected to affect the direction and extent of hybridization and introgression in hybrid zones. Among other factors, selfers and outcrossers are expected to differ in their mutation loads. This has been studied both theoretically and empirically; however, conflicting predictions have been made on the effects mutation loads of parental species with different mating systems can have on the genomic composition of hybrids. Here, we develop a multi‐locus, selective model to study how the different mutation load built up in selfers and outcrossers as a result of selective interference and homozygosity impact the long‐term genetic composition of hybrid populations. Notably, our results emphasize that genes from the parental population with lesser mutation load get rapidly overrepresented in hybrid genomes, regardless of the hybrids own mating system. When recombination tends to be more important than mutation, outcrossers' genomes tend to be of higher quality and prevail. When recombination rates are low, however, selfers' genomes may reach higher quality than outcrossers' genomes and prevail in the hybrids. Taken together, these results provide concrete insights into one of the multiple factors influencing hybrid genome ancestry and introgression patterns in hybrid zones containing species with different mating systems.
Investigation of the effect of advance angle on performance and emissions (exhaust, vibration, noise) in a single‐cylinder diesel engine whose fuel system is converted to common rail
Authors: Gültekin Nurullah , Ciniviz Murat 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn diesel engines, the most important parameter affecting the combustion performance is the injection advance. Since the injection advance directly affects the combustion quality, it also directly affects the outputs, such as ignition delay, in‐cylinder pressure, fuel consumption, and emission values. Therefore, setting the advance angle correctly is exceedingly significant for the optimum operation of the engine in all conditions. In this study, a single‐cylinder diesel engine with a mechanical fuel system was converted to a common rail fuel system by revising its fuel system. Experiments were carried out with the converted engine at a constant speed (1850 rpm), at different loads (3–4.5–6–7.5–9 Nm), and at different advance angles (10, 12, 14, 16, 18°). In the experiments, engine performance and emission (exhaust, vibration, noise) data were examined. When the cylinder pressure data is evaluated, the maximum in‐cylinder pressure approaches the top dead point in parallel with the increase in the advance angle. Specific fuel consumption occurred at a minimum advance angle of 10° under all load conditions. In exhaust emissions, minimum values at 10° advance angle were obtained for all emissions except for oxygen emissions. Vibration emissions were reduced by 6% at a 10° advancing angle compared to 18° advancing angle at 3 Nm load. It was determined that noise emissions decreased by 1.76% in the same experimental parameters. When all data are evaluated, the optimum advance angle for the revised fuel system has been determined as 10°.
Long‐term effectiveness and seizure recurrence risk factors of ketogenic diet for pediatric refractory epilepsy: Experience from a tertiary care center in China
Authors: Zhang Yunjian , Li Yijie , Ni Yan , Gong Xiaoyan , Lu Zhongying , Zhou Yuanfeng , Wang Yi , Yu Lifei , Zhou Shuizhen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the long‐term effectiveness and seizure recurrence risk in children with drug‐resistant epilepsy who achieved seizure freedom on a ketogenic diet (KD). Predictors associated with seizure recurrence were also evaluated.MethodsPatients with drug‐resistant epilepsy who received KD therapy for at least 3 months between May 2011 and April 2020 were included. The clinical efficacy of the KD was evaluated. Patients who achieved seizure freedom for at least 3 months on the KD were focused. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to explore the risk factors of seizure relapse in patients who achieved seizure freedom.ResultsThis study included 288 patients (163 males, 125 females). The seizure‐free rates of the KD at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months were 9.7%, 16.7%, 14.2%, and 9.0%, respectively. Additionally, the seizure reduction rates between 50% and 99% were 46.5%, 39.9%, 30.2%, and 20.5%, respectively. Patients with Angelman syndrome (AS) showed the highest efficacy rate, followed by those with Dravet syndrome (DS). 51 patients achieved at least 3 months of seizure freedom on the KD. Seizures recurred in 24 (47.1%) patients. None of the patients with AS relapsed, while those with DS had the highest recurrence rate. The etiology of epilepsy, KD maintenance treatment period, and electroencephalography (EEG) abnormalities during follow‐up differed significantly between patients with and without recurrence. However, multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that a KD maintenance treatment period of less than 12 months and the presence of EEG abnormalities during follow‐up were significantly correlated with a higher risk of relapse. Epilepsy control was restored in 3 of the 24 (12.5%) patients who experienced relapse.SignificanceKD appears to be effective in children with various types of drug‐resistant epilepsy. A short KD maintenance treatment period and EEG abnormalities during follow‐up were associated with an increased risk of seizure recurrence.
Feasibility, tolerability and efficacy of the ketogenic diet in children with drug‐resistant epilepsy in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Minh Thu , Jallon Pierre , Korff Christian , Nguyen Hieu , Nguyen The Tich Sylvie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesAccording to the WHO, more than 50 million people have epilepsy. Among them, nearly 80% of patients with epilepsy live in developing countries and 75% of them do not have access to treatment. The ketogenic diet (KD) has been shown as an effective alternative for patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy. Although it has been studied in Asia, no such studies have been conducted in Vietnam. The purpose of this study was to verify the feasibility and tolerability of KD in children with refractory epilepsies in Vietnam.MethodsChildren with drug‐resistant epilepsy followed at Children's Hospital, Vietnam treated by KD were included in a prospective study from June 2019 to October 2021. Side‐effects, retention rate, number, and duration of seizures were recorded after 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of KD. Patients were considered as respondents when a 50% seizure frequency was reached. Tolerance and acceptability of the KD were closely monitored.ResultsForty‐six children were included but KD was contraindicated for one patient. Due to the COVID pandemic, we had to rely on internet exchanges to stay in touch with families. Meals had to be adapted to Vietnamese culinary habits. The retention rate decreased from 82.2% at 1 month to 40% at 12 months of follow‐up. The incidence of side effects was 44.4% and occurred mainly during the first month. Fifteen patients out of 45 were considered as responders after 12 months.SignificanceOur study was the first attempt to introduce KD in Vietnam. It demonstrated that this diet was feasible and well tolerated. The KD diet resulted in significant improvement for 30% of our patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy. This percentage is lower than in some studies but warrants the use of KD as a valuable alternative in a country where many patients lack access to recent treatments.
Oxidative stress contributes to flumioxazin-induced cardiotoxicity in zebrafish embryos
Authors: Ma Jinze , Jiang Ping , Huang Yong , Lu Chen , Tian Guiyou , Xiao Xiaoping , Meng Yunlong , Xiong Xiaoqiang , Cheng Bo , Wang Di , Lu Huiqiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Flumioxazin is a widely applied herbicide for the control of broadleaf weeds, including aquatic plants. Current evidence suggests that flumioxazin could induce cardiac defects (ventricular septal defects) in vertebrates, but the underlining mechanisms remain unclear. Because of the inhibitory effect of flumioxazin on polyphenol oxidase, the assumption is made that flumioxazin-induced cardiotoxicity is caused by oxidative stress. To verify whether oxidative stress plays an important role in flumioxazin-induced cardiotoxicity, we compared the differences in heart phenotype, oxidative stress level, apoptosis, and gene expression between flumioxazin exposure and a normal environment, and we also tested whether cardiotoxicity could be rescued with astaxanthin. The results showed that flumioxazin induced both cardiac malformations and the abnormal gene expression associated with cardiac development. Cardiac malformations included pericardial edema, cardiac linearization, elongated heart, cardiomegaly, cardiac wall hypocellularity, myocardial cell atrophy with a granular appearance, and a significant gap between the myocardial intima and the adventitia. An increase in oxidative stress and apoptosis was observed in the cardiac region of zebrafish after exposure to flumioxazin. The antioxidant astaxanthin reversed the cardiac malformations, excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and expression of genes for cardiac developmental and apoptosis regulation induced by flumioxazin. In addition, flumioxazin also activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling pathway genes (aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 [ahr2], cytochrome p450 family subfamily a [cyp1a1], and b [cyp1b1]) and increased the concentration of porphyrins. The results suggest that excessive ROS production, which could be mediated through AhR, led to apoptosis, contributing to the cardiotoxicity of flumioxazin in zebrafish embryos. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2737–2746. © 2023 SETAC