bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unraveling the Role of Surficial Oxygen Vacancies in Stabilizing Li‐Rich Layered Oxides
Authors: Wang Kai , Qiu Jimin , Hou Fuchen , Yang Ming , Nie Kaiqi , Wang Jiaou , Hou Yichao , Huang Weiyuan , Zhao Wenguang , Zhang Peixin , Lin Junhao , Hu Jiangtao , Pan Feng , Zhang Mingjian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLi‐rich layered oxides based on the anionic redox chemistry provide the highest practical capacity among all transition metal (TM) oxide cathodes but still struggle with poor cycling stability. Here, a certain amount of oxygen vacancies (OVs) are introduced into the ≈10 nm‐thick surface region of Li1.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2 through a long‐time medium‐temperature post‐annealing. These surficial enriched OVs significantly suppress the generation of O‐O dimers (O2n−, 0 < n < 4) and the associated side reactions, thus facilitating the construction of a uniform and compact cathode/electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer on the surface. The CEI layer then decreases the further side reactions and TM dissolution and protects the bulk structure upon cycling, eventually leading to enhanced cycling stability, demonstrated in both half cells and full cells. An in‐depth understanding of OVs is expected to benefit the design of stable cathode materials based on anionic redox chemistry.
Educator's blueprint: A primer on consensus methods in medical education research
Authors: Gottlieb Michael , Caretta‐Weyer Holly , Chan Teresa M. , Humphrey‐Murto Susan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConsensus methods such as the Delphi and nominal group techniques are increasingly utilized within medical education research. This educator's blueprint paper provides practical strategies regarding five key steps for ensuring best practices when using consensus methods. These strategies include deciding which consensus method is best, developing the initial questionnaire, identifying the participants, determining the number of rounds and consensus threshold, and describing and justifying any modifications. These strategies will help guide education researchers on their next study using consensus methods.
A rapid and reliable detection procedure of Atlantic trout introgression at the diagnostic lactate dehydrogenase chain‐1 gene
Authors: Padula Anna , Greco Claudia , Talarico Lorenzo , Caniglia Romolo , Antognazza Caterina Maria , D'Antoni Susanna , Lorenzoni Massimo , Vanetti Isabella , Zaccara Serena , Mucci Nadia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Italian‐native Mediterranean brown trout (Salmo ghigii) is a seriously threatened freshwater fish, especially by anthropogenic hybridisation with the domestic strains of Atlantic origin that have been repeatedly released into the wild for angling. A PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay of the diagnostic lactate dehydrogenase chain‐1 (LDH‐C1) gene sequences has been routinely applied to distinguish exotic from native brown trout lineages and detect Atlantic introgression signals in the Mediterranean wild populations. Here, we used dermal swab DNA obtained from 28 wild trout to improve laboratory procedures to genetically characterise trout samples at the LDH‐C1gene through (1) a capillary electrophoresis analysis of the RFLP fragments and (2) the optimisation of a diagnostic single nucleotide polymorphism analysable through mini‐sequencing approaches. The developed methods were fully consistent with those obtained through the traditional approach, but their analytical process is almost entirely automated and digitalised, thus improving result readability and accuracy in the detection of alien introgressed traces in wild Mediterranean brown trout populations.
Increased transferrin protects from thrombosis in Chuvash erythrocytosis
Authors: Shah Binal N. , Zhang Xu , Sergueeva Adelina I. , Miasnikova Galina Y. , Ganz Tomas , Prchal Josef T. , Gordeuk Victor R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVon Hippel–Lindau protein (VHL) is essential to hypoxic regulation of cellular processes. VHL promotes proteolytic clearance of hypoxia‐inducible transcription factors (HIFs) that have been modified by oxygen‐dependent HIF‐prolyl hydroxylases. A homozygous loss‐of‐function VHLR200W mutation causes Chuvash erythrocytosis, a congenital disorder caused by augmented hypoxia‐sensing. Homozygous VHLR200W results in accumulation of HIFs that increase transcription of the erythropoietin gene and raise hematocrit. Phlebotomies reduce hematocrit and hyperviscosity symptoms. However, the major cause of morbidity and mortality in Chuvash erythrocytosis is thrombosis. Phlebotomies cause iron deficiency, which may further elevate HIF activity and transferrin, the HIF‐regulated plasma iron transporter recently implicated in thrombogenesis. We hypothesized that transferrin is elevated in Chuvash erythrocytosis, and that iron deficiency contributes to its elevation and to thrombosis. We studied 155 patients and 154 matched controls at steady state and followed them for development of thrombosis. Baseline transferrin was elevated, and ferritin reduced in patients. VHLR200W homozygosity and lower ferritin correlated with higher erythropoietin and transferrin. During 11 years of follow‐up, risk of thrombosis increased 8.9‐fold in patients versus controls. Erythropoietin elevation, but not hematocrit or ferritin, correlated with thrombosis risk. Unexpectedly, transferrin elevation associated with reduced rather than increased thrombosis risk. The A allele of the promoter EPO single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), rs1617640, associated with elevated erythropoietin and increased thrombosis risk, whereas the A allele of the intronic TF SNP, rs3811647, associated with higher transferrin and protection from thrombosis in patients. Our findings suggest an unexpected causal relationship between increased transferrin and protection from thrombosis in Chuvash erythrocytosis.
Oligomerized Fused‐Ring Electron Acceptors for Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Gu Xiaobin , Zhang Xin , Huang Hui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrganic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted wide research attention in the past decades. Very recently, oligomerized fused‐ring electron acceptors (OFREAs) have emerged as a promising alternative to small‐molecular/polymeric acceptor‐based OSCs due to their unique advantages such as well‐defined structures, batch reproducibility, good film formation, low diffusion coefficient, and excellent stability. So far, rapid advances have been made in the development of OFREAs consisting of directly/rigidly/flexibly linked oligomers and fused ones. In this Minireview, we systematically summarized the recent research progress of OFREAs, including structural diversity, synthesis approach, molecular conformation and packing, and long‐term stability. Finally, we conclude with future perspectives on the challenges to be addressed and potential research directions. We believe that this Minireview will encourage the development of novel OFREAs for OSC applications.
Population connectivity across east Australia's bioregions and larval duration of the range‐extending sea starMeridiastra calcar
Authors: Klanten O. Selma , Gall Mailie , Barbosa Sergio S. , Hart Michael W. , Keever Carson C. , Puritz Jonathan B. , Harantio Januar , Toonen Robert J. , Selvakumaraswamy Paulina , Grosberg Richard K. , Byrne Maria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe diversity and distribution of marine species in eastern Australia is influenced by one of the world's strongest western boundary currents, the East Australia Current, which propels water and propagules poleward, a flow intensifying due to climate change.Population genetic structure of the asterinid sea starMeridiastra calcarwas investigated across its range in eastern Australia (12° of latitude, 2,500 km) from northern New South Wales to its poleward‐extending range in Tasmania at the southern edge influence of the East Australia Current.Population structure and connectivity ofM. calcarwere examined across six bioregions using six microsatellite loci (nuclear DNA) and the control region (mitochondrial DNA). The potential influence of the extent ofM. calcar's intertidal rock platform habitat was also assessed.Genetic structure analysis indicated that the Hawkesbury Shelf contained distinct genetic clusters, whereas the two sites in the Batemans Shelf differed from each other, with Jervis Bay Marine Park having just one genetic cluster. The Manning Shelf, Twofold Shelf, and Bruny bioregions all had similar genetic composition.Strong self‐seeding (68–98%) was indicated by microsatellite loci for all bioregions, with lower (0.3–6.5%) migration between bioregions. Poleward (New South Wales to Tasmania) migration was low except from the Manning Shelf (30%).Contemporary population connectivity and genetic structure ofM. calcarappear to be influenced by ocean currents, habitat distribution, and its short planktonic larval duration, which was a minimum of 12–14 days, depending on availability of a settlement cue.The dominance of unique genetic groups in the Hawkesbury bioregion shows the importance of this region forM. calcarand possibly a diversity of co‐distributed rock platform species. This highlights how important it is to have a large marine park in the Hawkesbury bioregion, which is presently lacking.
Autism, pets, and the importance of seeing human
Authors: Atherton Gray , Piovesan Andrea , Cross Liam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPeople often see the human in the nonhuman, a process called anthropomorphism. Anthropomorphism is particularly prolific regarding the humanization of pets. Some research suggests that people with autism may not anthropomorphize to the same degree as neurotypicals. In this study, we explored whether there were differences in how autistic and neurotypical pet owners anthropomorphized their pets. We also examined differences in levels of connectedness to nature and experiences of loneliness and how this corresponded to autistic traits in the entire sample. We found anthropomorphism was as common among autistic pet owners as in neurotypicals. However, autistic pet owners reported greater loneliness and were more likely to substitute pets for people. We also found that neurotypical pet owners rated pets more highly on physical, non‐anthropomorphic traits (i.e., muscular, active). In contrast, autistic pet owners were likelier to rate pets equally between physical and anthropomorphic traits. Moreover, we found that anthropomorphism and connection to nature were positively correlated with autistic traits. These findings challenge accounts stating that individuals with autism may not anthropomorphize to the same degree as neurotypicals. Implications for animal‐based interventions supporting adults on the spectrum are discussed.
Revealing the Impact of Particle Size Distribution on Ageing of Lithium‐Ion Batteries with Frequency Response Analysis
Authors: Seng Chan Hoon , Bläubaum Lars , Vijayshankar Dandapani , Röder Fridolin , Nowak Christine , Weber André , Kwade Arno , Krewer Ulrike 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn‐depth analyses, including discharge behaviour, electrochemical impedance analysis, and for the first time, nonlinear frequency response analysis, are conducted on the ageing of negative electrodes with varying particle size distribution. The electrode‐resolved analysis is used to distinguish the kinetic and transport losses at the respective electrodes. For fine to medium‐sized particles at the negative electrode, ageing impacts are found more on the positive electrode: the impedance and nonlinear responses increase, suggesting that the charge transfer process at the positive electrode is worsened. Meanwhile, for coarse and broad negative particles, the impedance and nonlinear responses at negative electrodes decrease due to improved kinetics from micro‐cracking. The second harmonic reveals a change in the nature of the charge transfer during ageing: the charge transfer process at the positive electrode becomes asymmetric for fine and medium‐sized negative particles. Vice versa, the charge transfer process at the negative electrode becomes symmetric for coarse and broad negative particles.
Verlängerung der technischen Nutzungsdauer von Infrastrukturbauwerken auf Basis semiprobabilistischer Betrachtungen
Authors: Strauss Alfred , Bergmeister Konrad , Seywald Christian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEine der wichtigsten Maßnahmen im Rahmen der Diskussion um eine verbesserte Nachhaltigkeit im Bauwesen ist die Verlängerung der Nutzungsdauer unserer Bauwerke [1]. Daher werden intensive Forschungen in Bezug auf sich für die Infrastrukturbauwerke ändernde Umweltbedingungen sowie externe Lasteinwirkungen und neue Baustoffe sowie deren Auswirkung auf die Herstellung und den Betrieb von Infrastrukturen durchgeführt. Bereits jetzt lassen sich gemäß [2] Veränderungen in der Kinematik der Abbaumechanismen (Degradationen) beobachten. Insbesondere können wechselnde Umweltbedingungen (Expositionen) die Degradation der Werkstoffe und Strukturen beschleunigen, aber auch verlangsamen. Diese Erkenntnisse über die Degradationsprozesse, aber auch die verbesserten Kenntnisse der Geometrie und effektiven mechanischen Baustoffkennwerte sollen wirkungsvoll in die Ingenieurpraxis zur Bewertung der strukturellen Zuverlässigkeit und der verbleibenden Nutzungsdauer übergeführt werden [3]. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, wie die Elemente der Zuverlässigkeitsanalyse mit den Elementen vertiefter Prüf‐ und Monitoringverfahren kombiniert werden können, um die Degradationsprozesse aufgrund veränderter Umweltbedingungen und neuer Baustoffe periodisch zu bewerten. Daraus kann infolge mithilfe semiprobabilistischer Teilsicherheitsbetrachtungen die Nutzungsdauer festgelegt sowie bei Bestandsbauwerken die verbleibende Restnutzungsdauer verifiziert werden.
Influence of kepok banana bunch as new cellulose source on thermal, mechanical, and biodegradability properties of Thai cassava starch/polyvinyl alcohol hybrid‐based bioplastic
Authors: Autha Nelga , Siregar Febriana Esza Dewi , Harmiansyah  , Mahardika Melbi , Nurfani Eka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBioplastics were developed to overcome environmental problems that are difficult to decompose in the environment. This study analyzes Thai cassava starch‐based bioplastics' tensile strength, biodegradability, moisture absorption, and thermal stability. This study used Thai cassava starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as matrices, whereas Kepok banana bunch cellulose was employed as a filler. The ratios between starch and cellulose are 10:0 (S1), 9:1 (S2), 8:2 (S3), 7:3 (S4), and 6:4 (S5), while PVA was set constant. The tensile test showed the S4 sample's highest tensile strength of 6.26 MPa, a strain of 3.85%, and a modulus of elasticity of 166 MPa. After 15 days, the maximum soil degradation rate in the S1 sample was 27.9%. The lowest moisture absorption was found in the S5 sample at 8.43%. The highest thermal stability was observed in S4 (316.8°C). This result was significant in reducing the production of plastic waste for environmental remediation.
Glutamine metabolic microenvironment drives M2 macrophage polarization to mediate trastuzumab resistance in HER2‐positive gastric cancer
Authors: Hu Xingbin , Ma Zhenfeng , Xu Beibei , Li Shulong , Yao Zhiqi , Liang Bishan , Wang Jiao , Liao Wangjun , Lin Li , Wang Chunling , Zheng Siting , Wu Qijing , Huang Qiong , Yu Le , Wang Fenghua , Shi Min 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTrastuzumab is a first‐line targeted therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2 (HER2)‐positive gastric cancer. However, the inevitable occurrence of acquired trastuzumab resistance limits the drug benefit, and there is currently no effective reversal measure. Existing researches on the mechanism of trastuzumab resistance mainly focused on tumor cells themselves, while the understanding of the mechanisms of environment‐mediated drug resistance is relatively lacking. This study aimed to further explore the mechanisms of trastuzumab resistance to identify strategies to promote survival in these patients.MethodsTrastuzumab‐sensitive and trastuzumab‐resistant HER2‐positive tumor tissues and cells were collected for transcriptome sequencing. Bioinformatics were used to analyze cell subtypes, metabolic pathways, and molecular signaling pathways. Changes in microenvironmental indicators (such as macrophage, angiogenesis, and metabolism) were verified by immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses. Finally, a multi‐scale agent‐based model (ABM) was constructed. The effects of combination treatment were further validated in nude mice to verify these effects predicted by the ABM.ResultsBased on transcriptome sequencing, molecular biology, and in vivo experiments, we found that the level of glutamine metabolism in trastuzumab‐resistant HER2‐positive cells was increased, and glutaminase 1 (GLS1) was significantly overexpressed. Meanwhile, tumor‐derived GLS1 microvesicles drove M2 macrophage polarization. Furthermore, angiogenesis promoted trastuzumab resistance. IHC showed high glutamine metabolism, M2 macrophage polarization, and angiogenesis in trastuzumab‐resistant HER2‐positive tumor tissues from patients and nude mice. Mechanistically, the cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) promoted GLS1 expression in tumor cells by activating nuclear factor kappa‐B (NF‐κB) p65 and drove GLS1 microvesicle secretion through IQ motif‐containing GTPase‐activating protein 1 (IQGAP1). Based on the ABM and in vivo experiments, we confirmed that the combination of anti‐glutamine metabolism, anti‐angiogenesis, and pro‐M1 polarization therapy had the best effect in reversing trastuzumab resistance in HER2‐positive gastric cancer.ConclusionsThis study revealed that tumor cells secrete GLS1 microvesicles via CDC42 to promote glutamine metabolism, M2 macrophage polarization, and pro‐angiogenic function of macrophages, leading to acquired trastuzumab resistance in HER2‐positive gastric cancer. A combination of anti‐glutamine metabolism, anti‐angiogenesis, and pro‐M1 polarization therapy may provide a new insight into reversing trastuzumab resistance.
Assessment PLUS: A guided self‐help pilot within the psychological therapies teams
Authors: Casella Tania , Carrapico Rachel , Whyte Rachel , Hanson Rachel , Stefanova Boyana , Campbell Danielle , Fraser Fidan , Currie Kellyann , Williams Mhairi , Quinn Phil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis paper presents the findings of a study evaluating the effectiveness, accessibility, sustainability and patient satisfaction of the Assessment PLUS model. This model aimed to reduce patients' symptomology, improve their functioning and alleviate the demand on Psychological Therapies Team (PTT) staff, particularly in response to the challenges posed by the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThe intervention was offered to 55 patients with mild‐to‐moderate mental health conditions across three localities in Lanarkshire, UK, of whom only 25 completed the sessions. Clinical outcome measure scores, patients' feedback, wait times, discharge, returning patients and re‐referral rates were analysed using a mixed methods approach.ResultsThe results of the statistical analysis highlight a statistically significant improvement (p < 0.001) in patients' presentations and results of the thematic analysis reveal that almost all patients found the intervention helpful and returned overall positive feedback. On completing the intervention, less than a third of patients returned to the waiting list, while more than half were discharged completely. At the 6‐month follow‐up, those returning to the PTT waitlists (n = 12) had between 6 and 8 sessions on average, while over the 80% of those discharged from A+ did not require further psychological input. The average wait time across the full sample was 6 weeks.ConclusionsIn summary, the results of the mixed methods analysis demonstrate a significant improvement in patients' presentations after completing the A+ intervention. The majority of patients found the intervention helpful and provided positive feedback. Moreover, a significant proportion of patients were discharged completely, and those who returned to the PTT waitlists required fewer sessions on average. The average wait time for the full sample was just over 6 weeks.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia in a 42‐year‐old Ethiopian man presenting with severe anemia and high‐output heart failure: A case report with literature review
Authors: Solela Gashaw , Adamseged Michael , Mohammed Abdulsemed 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessagesHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), a rare hereditary disorder, can cause recurrent massive epistaxis and gastrointestinal bleeding leading to severe anemia. Early diagnosis of HHT is essential to provide timely interventional therapies.AbstractHHT is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary disease that results in abnormal vasculogenesis in the skin, mucous membranes, and visceral organs such as the liver, lungs, and brain. Clinical diagnosis of HHT is made using the Curacao criteria, which include recurrent spontaneous nosebleeds, mucocutaneous telangiectasias, visceral organ involvement, and first‐degree family history of HHT. Here, we report a patient with HHT from Ethiopia, who presented with recurrent epistaxis and gastrointestinal bleeding, and severe anemia requiring frequent blood transfusions as well as cauterization. The presented case is a 42‐year‐old Black Ethiopian man with frequent hospitalization for severe anemia and high‐output heart failure requiring frequent blood transfusions. His mother had bilateral epistaxis since her early adulthood. Physical examination was significant for tachycardia, pale conjunctivae, and tiny erythematous lesions over his tongue, ejection systolic murmur and peripheral edema. Laboratory investigations revealed severe anemia with iron deficiency picture. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed multiple telangiectasia spots and abdominal Doppler ultrasound showed hepatic arterio‐venous malformations. He received supportive management and electrocauterization of nasal, gastric, and duodenal telangiectasias. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of HHT to be reported from Ethiopia. High degree of suspicion and early diagnosis of HHT is essential to start preventive screening and surveillance and provide timely interventional therapies. HHT can cause recurrent massive epistaxis and gastrointestinal bleeding leading to severe anemia and high‐output heart failure. In resource limited settings, selective cauterization of telangiectasia will help to control bleeding, although it does not avoid recurrent bleeding.
Acid⋅⋅⋅Amide Supramolecular Synthon for Tuning Amino Acid‐Based Hydrogels’ Properties
Authors: Veronese Eleonora , Pigliacelli Claudia , Bergamaschi Greta , Terraneo Giancarlo , Dichiarante Valentina , Metrangolo Pierangelo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSupramolecular hydrogels formed by the self‐assembly of N‐Fmoc‐l‐phenylalanine derivatives are gaining relevance for several applications in the materials and biomedical fields. In the challenging attempt to predict or tune their properties, we selected Fmoc‐pentafluorophenylalanine (1) as a model efficient gelator, and studied its self‐assembly in the presence of benzamide (2), a non‐gelator able to form strong hydrogen bonds with the amino acid carboxylic group. Equimolar mixtures of 1 and 2 in organic solvents afforded a 1 : 1 co‐crystal thanks to the formation of an acid⋅⋅⋅amide heterodimeric supramolecular synthon. The same synthon occurred in the transparent gels formed by mixing the two components in 1 : 1 ratio in aqueous media, as revealed by structural, spectroscopic, and thermal characterizations performed on both the co‐crystal powder and the lyophilized hydrogel. These findings revealed the possibility of modulating the properties of amino acid‐based hydrogels by involving the gelator in the formation of a co‐crystal. Such a crystal engineering‐based approach is shown also to be useful for the time‐delayed release of suitable bioactive molecules, when involved as hydrogel coformers.