bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasound for Assessment of Synovial Abnormalities Among Patients With Knee Pain: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Liu Ke , Li Xiaoxiao , Weng Qianlin , Wang Yilun , Wei Jie , Zeng Chao , Lei Guanghua , Jiang Ting 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveSynovial abnormalities, which are modifiable treatment targets for knee pain, affect ~25% of adults. Ultrasound is a safe, inexpensive, and easily accessible imaging modality for assessing synovial abnormalities, but its diagnostic accuracy is still controversial. We conducted a meta‐analysis by comparing ultrasound with the “reference standard” method, ie, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in assessing synovial abnormalities among patients with knee pain.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to January 7, 2022, to retrieve studies including patients with knee pain for evaluating 1) the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound versus MRI for synovial abnormalities (synovitis and synovial effusion) and 2) the correlations of synovial abnormalities assessed by ultrasound and MRI. The summary of diagnostic accuracy was analyzed using the bivariate model, and the correlation coefficients were pooled using the random effects model.ResultsFourteen studies were included, representing a total of 755 patients. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were 0.88 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.65–0.96), 0.70 (95% CI 0.51–0.84), and 0.81 (95% CI 0.77–0.84) for synovitis and 0.90 (95% CI 0.81–0.95), 0.86 (95% CI 0.77–0.92), and 0.94 (95% CI 0.91–0.96) for synovial effusion, respectively. Strong correlations between ultrasound‐ and MRI‐diagnosed synovitis (r = 0.64, 95% CI 0.56–0.71) and synovial effusion (r = 0.63, 95% CI 0.52–0.73) were observed.ConclusionUltrasound demonstrated a promising accuracy in detecting synovial abnormalities among patients with knee pain. The use of ultrasound provides equivalent synovial information to MRI but is less expensive and more accessible. Therefore, it is recommended as an adjuvant for managing patients with knee pain during diagnostic strategy and individualized treatment decision‐making.
Targeted Protein Degradation: Principles, Strategies, and Applications
Authors: He Ting , Wen Chenxi , Yang Guodong , Yang Xuekang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProtein degradation is a general process to maintain cell homeostasis. The intracellular protein quality control system mainly includes the ubiquitin‐proteasome system and the lysosome pathway. Inspired by the physiological process, strategies to degrade specific proteins have developed, which emerge as potent and effective tools in biological research and drug discovery. This review focuses on recent advances in targeted protein degradation techniques, summarizing the principles, advantages, and challenges. Moreover, the potential applications and future direction in biological science and clinics are also discussed.
Rational Engineering of a Mitochondrial‐Mimetic Therapy for Targeted Treatment of Dilated Cardiomyopathy by Precisely Regulating Mitochondrial Homeostasis
Authors: Chen Haiyan , Pu Wendan , Hu Xiankang , Yang Cheng , Zhao Guanli , Hu Houyuan , Zhang Jianxiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of heart failure and the most common indication for heart transplantation. Currently, there is still an unmet clinical need in effective therapies for DCM. Herein a mitochondrial‐mimetic therapy capable of efficiently targeting the heart, cardiomyocytes, and myocardial mitochondria as well as effectively regulating mitochondrial homeostasis for targeted treatment of DCM is reported. A bioactive conjugate TPT is first synthesized by integrating three functional moieties onto a scaffold, which can assemble into small‐size nanomicelles (i.e., TPTN). Intravenously delivered TPTN efficiently accumulates in the heart and mainly localizes in cardiomyocytes and myocardial mitochondria of DCM mice, thereby alleviating DCM. Mechanistically, TPTN inhibits intracellular oxidative stress, alleviates mitochondrial injury, improves mitochondrial dynamics, regulates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and reduces calpain‐1 and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, thus restoring mitochondrial homeostasis and inhibiting adverse cardiac remodeling. By packaging TPTN into outer mitochondrial membrane‐derived vesicles, a mitochondrial‐mimetic therapy is engineered, which displays significantly enhanced three‐level targeting capability to the heart, cardiac cells, and myocardial mitochondria, thereby affording notably potentiated therapeutic effects in DCM mice. Accordingly, the three‐level targeting mimetics is promising for targeted treatment of DCM. The findings provide new insight into rational design of precision therapies for mitochondrial dysfunction‐associated diseases.
Near‐Infrared Bodipy‐Based Molecular Rotors for β‐Amyloid Imaging In Vivo
Authors: Ma Lijun , Geng Yujie , Zhang Guoyang , Hu Ziwei , James Tony D. , Wang Xuefei , Wang Zhuo 
Published: July 2023

Abstractβ‐amyloid (Aβ) is one of the important biomarkers for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many near‐infrared probes based on the donor‐π‐acceptor structure have been developed to detect Aβ. Most reported Aβ probes are based on the N,N‐dimethylamino group as the ideal donor, which is a widely accepted binding unit. As such, the development of fluorescent probes with improved binding units to detect Aβ is urgently required. Therefore, with this research three anchoring molecular rotor electron donors consisting of cyclic amines of different ring sizes are developed, namely five‐membered ring (TPyr), six‐membered ring (TPip), and seven‐membered ring (THAI). These new anchored molecular rotors are connected to a 4,4‐difluoro‐4‐bora‐3a,4a‐diaza‐s‐indacene (BODIPY) and named TPyrBDP, TPipBDP, and THAIBDP. These probes exhibit high affinities (from 28 to 54 nm) for Aβ1–42 aggregates. The six‐membered ring dye TPipBDP exhibits the highest signal‐to‐noise (75.5‐fold) and higher affinity (28.30 ± 5.94 nm). TPipBDP can cross the blood‐brain barrier and exhibits higher fluorescence enhancement with APP/PS1 (AD) double transgenic (Tg) mice than with wild‐type (WT) mice.
Pyrochlore‐Type Iron Hydroxy Fluorides as Low‐Cost Lithium‐Ion Cathode Materials for Stationary Energy Storage
Authors: Baumgärtner Julian Felix , Wörle Michael , Guntlin Christoph P. , Krumeich Frank , Siegrist Sebastian , Vogt Valentina , Stoian Dragos C. , Chernyshov Dmitry , van Beek Wouter , Kravchyk Kostiantyn V. , Kovalenko Maksym V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPyrochlore‐type iron (III) hydroxy fluorides (Pyr‐IHF) are appealing low‐cost stationary energy storage materials due to the virtually unlimited supply of their constituent elements, their high energy densities, and fast Li‐ion diffusion. However, the prohibitively high costs of synthesis and cathode architecture currently prevent their commercial use in low‐cost Li‐ion batteries. Herein, a facile and cost‐effective dissolution–precipitation synthesis of Pyr‐IHF from soluble iron (III) fluoride precursors is presented. High capacity retention by synthesized Pyr‐IHF of >80% after 600 cycles at a high current density of 1 A g−1 is obtained, without elaborate electrode engineering. Operando synchrotron X‐ray diffraction guides the selective synthesis of Pyr‐IHF such that different water contents can be tested for their effect on the rate capability. Li‐ion diffusion is found to occur in the 3D hexagonal channels of Pyr‐IHF, formed by corner‐sharing FeF6–x(OH)x octahedra.
An On‐Demand Collaborative Innate–Adaptive Immune Response to Infection Treatment
Authors: Chen Liang , Shao Zhenxuan , Zhang Zengjie , Teng Wangsiyuan , Mou Haochen , Jin Xiaoqiang , Wei Shenyu , Wang Zenan , Eloy Yinwang , Zhang Wenkan , Zhou Hao , Yao Minjun , Zhao Shenzhi , Chai Xupeng , Wang Fangqian , Xu Kaiwang , Xu Jianbin , Ye Zhaoming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeep tissue infection is a common clinical issue and therapeutic difficulty caused by the disruption of the host antibacterial immune function, resulting in treatment failure and infection relapse. Intracellular pathogens are refractory to elimination and can manipulate host cell biology even after appropriate treatment, resulting in a locoregional immunosuppressive state that leads to an inadequate response to conventional anti‐infective therapies. Here, a novel antibacterial strategy involving autogenous immunity using a biomimetic nanoparticle (NP)‐based regulating system is reported to induce in situ collaborative innate–adaptive immune responses. It is observed that a macrophage membrane coating facilitates NP enrichment at the infection site, followed by active NP accumulation in macrophages in a mannose‐dependent manner. These NP‐armed macrophages exhibit considerably improved innate capabilities, including more efficient intracellular ROS generation and pro‐inflammatory factor secretion, M1 phenotype promotion, and effective eradication of invasive bacteria. Furthermore, the reprogrammed macrophages direct T cell activation at infectious sites, resulting in a robust adaptive antimicrobial immune response to ultimately achieve bacterial clearance and prevent infection relapse. Overall, these results provide a conceptual framework for a novel macrophage‐based strategy for infection treatment via the regulation of autogenous immunity.
Microstructural and Rheological Transitions in Bacterial Biofilms
Authors: Charlton Samuel G.V. , Bible Amber N. , Secchi Eleonora , Morrell‐Falvey Jennifer L. , Retterer Scott T. , Curtis Thomas P. , Chen Jinju , Jana Saikat 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBiofilms are aggregated bacterial communities structured within an extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM controls biofilm architecture and confers mechanical resistance against shear forces. From a physical perspective, biofilms can be described as colloidal gels, where bacterial cells are analogous to colloidal particles distributed in the polymeric ECM. However, the influence of the ECM in altering the cellular packing fraction (ϕ) and the resulting viscoelastic behavior of biofilm remains unexplored. Using biofilms of Pantoea sp. (WT) and its mutant (ΔUDP), the correlation between biofilm structure and its viscoelastic response is investigated. Experiments show that the reduction of exopolysaccharide production in ΔUDP biofilms corresponds with a seven‐fold increase in ϕ, resulting in a colloidal glass‐like structure. Consequently, the rheological signatures become altered, with the WT behaving like a weak gel, whilst the ΔUDP displayed a glass‐like rheological signature. By co‐culturing the two strains, biofilm ϕ is modulated which allows us to explore the structural changes and capture a change in viscoelastic response from a weak to a strong gel, and to a colloidal glass‐like state. The results reveal the role of exopolysaccharide in mediating a structural transition in biofilms and demonstrate a correlation between biofilm structure and viscoelastic response.
Arthritic Microenvironment‐Dictated Fate Decisions for Stem Cells in Cartilage Repair
Authors: He Songlin , Deng Haotian , Li Peiqi , Hu Jingjing , Yang Yongkang , Xu Ziheng , Liu Shuyun , Guo Weimin , Guo Quanyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe microenvironment and stem cell fate guidance of post‐traumatic articular cartilage regeneration is primarily the focus of cartilage tissue engineering. In articular cartilage, stem cells are characterized by overlapping lineages and uneven effectiveness. Within the first 12 weeks after trauma, the articular inflammatory microenvironment (AIME) plays a decisive role in determining the fate of stem cells and cartilage. The development of fibrocartilage and osteophyte hyperplasia is an adverse outcome of chronic inflammation, which results from an imbalance in the AIME during the cartilage tissue repair process. In this review, the sources for the different types of stem cells and their fate are summarized. The main pathophysiological events that occur within the AIME as well as their protagonists are also discussed. Additionally, regulatory strategies that may guide the fate of stem cells within the AIME are proposed. Finally, strategies that provide insight into AIME pathophysiology are discussed and the design of new materials that match the post‐traumatic progress of AIME pathophysiology in a spatial and temporal manner is guided. Thus, by regulating an appropriately modified inflammatory microenvironment, efficient stem cell‐mediated tissue repair may be achieved.
Materials and Design Approaches for a Fully Bioresorbable, Electrically Conductive and Mechanically Compliant Cardiac Patch Technology
Authors: Ryu Hanjun , Wang Xinlong , Xie Zhaoqian , Kim Jihye , Liu Yugang , Bai Wubin , Song Zhen , Song Joseph W. , Zhao Zichen , Kim Joohee , Yang Quansan , Xie Janice Jie , Keate Rebecca , Wang Huifeng , Huang Yonggang , Efimov Igor R. , Ameer Guillermo Antonio , Rogers John A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability. Recently developed cardiac patches provide mechanical support and additional conductive paths to promote electrical signal propagation in the MI area to synchronize cardiac excitation and contraction. Cardiac patches based on conductive polymers offer attractive features; however, the modest levels of elasticity and high impedance interfaces limit their mechanical and electrical performance. These structures also operate as permanent implants, even in cases where their utility is limited to the healing period of tissue damaged by the MI. The work presented here introduces a highly conductive cardiac patch that combines bioresorbable metals and polymers together in a hybrid material structure configured in a thin serpentine geometry that yields elastic mechanical properties. Finite element analysis guides optimized choices of layouts in these systems. Regular and synchronous contraction of human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived cardiomyocytes on the cardiac patch and ex vivo studies offer insights into the essential properties and the bio‐interface. These results provide additional options in the design of cardiac patches to treat MI and other cardiac disorders.
Practical Application of All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries Based on High‐Voltage Cathodes: Challenges and Progress
Authors: Chen Xilong , Li Xiangjie , Luo Lingjie , He Shengnan , Chen Jian , Liu Yongfeng , Pan Hongge , Song Yun , Hu Renzong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) have become a recent research hotspot because of their excellent safety performance. In order to better reflect their superiority, high‐voltage cathodes should be applied to enhance the energy density of solid batteries to compete with commercial liquid batteries. However, the introduction of high‐voltage cathodes suffers from many problems, such as low electrochemical stability, inferior interface chemical stability between cathode and electrolyte, poor mechanical contact, and gas evolution. These drawbacks significantly influence the battery performance, even causing battery failure and hindering the commercialization of solid‐state batteries. This paper first reviews the above failure mechanisms of high‐voltage cathode‐based ASSLBs from different perspectives. Then, recent advances in solid‐state electrolytes for ASSLBs are summarized, mainly including polymer solid electrolytes, sulfide solid electrolytes, and oxide solid electrolytes. In addition, the influence of the cathode materials is also highly critical, and strategies to improve electrochemical performance are put forward, which can be divided into coating protection, synthesis modification, and structure improvement. Finally, guidelines for the future development of solid‐state batteries are also discussed.
The utility of an online discussion board for reflective writing in an emergency medicine rotation
Authors: Pandit Kiran , Chu David L. , Russell Roxanne , Wright Melissa , Titone Lauren , Diaz Tomas , Truong Jimmy , Murano Tiffany , Egan Daniel J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundNarrative analysis and reflection have been found to support professional identity formation (PIF) and resilience among medical students. In the emergency department, students have used reflective practice to process challenging clinical experiences, such as ethical dilemmas or moral distress. An online discussion board, however, has not been described as a curricular component of emergency medicine (EM) rotations. The objective of this educational innovation was to support medical students in an EM clinical rotation via an online discussion board for reflecting on and debriefing clinical experiences with faculty and peers.MethodsFifty‐two medical students enrolled in the pass/fail EM elective between May 13, 2019, and October 30, 2020. Each cohort of six students took part in a cohort‐specific discussion using the Canvas learning management system. Students were encouraged to post about any observations, reflections, or emotions after their shifts. Faculty course directors responded to each post using concepts of debriefing, coaching, and trauma‐informed teaching.ResultsOver 18 months, 49 of 52 (94%) students participated in the discussion board. Of 346 total posts, half were by students, and the other half were faculty responses. Students posted 3.27 times each, on average. Students rarely raised questions about scientific knowledge content, fact‐based aspects of patient care, or specific skills. Rather, they often posted about intensely affective reactions to experiences that left them with complex emotions. Upon review of posts by the course directors, the majority (54%) of students’ posts contained a range of affective responses. Students appreciated faculty responses and supported each other in their written responses to peers.ConclusionsAn online discussion board can be used successfully for asynchronous reflective practice to debrief clinical experiences during an EM rotation, if designed incorporating faculty and peer support using trauma‐informed teaching principles to bolster well‐being and PIF.
Retention of emergency cricothyroidotomy skills: A multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Nielsen Martine Siw , Raben‐Levetzau Felix Nicolai , Andersen Steven Arild Wuyts , Wennervaldt Kasper , Konge Lars , Nielsen Anders Bo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesEmergency cricothyroidotomy is the final approach to establishing a secure airway. The procedure is acute and highly infrequent, making it difficult to achieve and maintain competence in the clinic. Simulation‐based training in emergency cricothyroidotomy is effective but it is unknown how often training should be repeated to maintain skills. This study aimed to assess novices’ retention of technical skills in emergency cricothyroidotomy after completing SBT.MethodsNovices in emergency cricothyroidotomy completed a structured, simulation‐based training program and were randomized to retention tests after 1, 3, or 6 months. Participants completed two emergency cricothyroidotomy tests at end‐of‐training and follow‐up retention testing. Test performances were video recorded and evaluated by two experienced blinded raters using a structured assessment tool. Differences in the performances and the pass/fail rates were analyzed.ResultsEighty‐two medical students from two different Danish universities were included from April 2021 to February 2022. Paired t‐tests showed skills decay significantly after 1 month (mean loss 6.7 points, p < 0.001). The mean loss of points, representing the difference in global score points, from the end‐of‐training to retention test was 6.7 points (95% confidence interval [CI] 4.5–8.8) for the 1‐month group, 8.2 points (95% CI 5.8–10.0) for the 3‐months group, and 9.9 points (95% CI 8.1–11.7) for the 6‐months group. Six participants in both the 1‐month group (23.1%) and the 3‐month group (24%) passed the first retention test, but no one in the 6‐months group had a passing performance.ConclusionsNovices’ technical skills performance in emergency cricothyroidotomy decay significantly already after 1 month. This initial loss of skill seems to be stable until 3 months, after which there is a further significant loss of skills. Recurring training should be implemented for the benefit of patient safety and outcomes.
Boosting ammonia synthesis over molybdenum nitride through nickel‐mediated nitrogen activation and hydrogen transfer
Authors: Li Jiahui , Zhang Chuanfeng , Liu Yang , Fang Biyun , Ni Jun , Lin Jianxin , Lin Bingyu , Jiang Lilong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSynergistic optimization of nitrogen dissociation and hydrogen transfer might be an efficient strategy to develop a highly efficient ammonia synthesis catalyst. Herein, the Ni‐modified molybdenum nitride is used as the catalyst of ammonia synthesis. The presence of the highly dispersed Ni metal results in enhancement of nitrogen vacancy, causing the acceleration of the exchange and reaction of the lattice N species with the nitrogen species from the gaseous phase. In addition, the presence of Ni species facilitates the hydrogen transfer and spillover, as well as easy hydrogen release. As a result, the optimized molybdenum nitride catalyst with 0.1 wt% Ni shows a 2.5‐times higher catalytic activity than that of the catalyst without Ni species at 400°C owing to the coupling of nitrogen activation and hydrogen transfer effects. This general approach could inspire the rational design of other metal catalysts for ammonia synthesis.
Brønsted Acid–Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of 1,4‐Enediones with 2‐Naphthols: Synthesis of 2‐Furylmethylnaphthalenes
Authors: Gao Cong‐Hui , Yu Lei , Wu Xin‐Yue , Wan Hong‐Lin , Tan Wei , Shi Feng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA Brønsted acid‐catalyzed tandem cyclization/addition reaction of 1,4‐enediones with 2‐naphthols was developed, affording a series of 2‐furylmethylnaphthalenes in high yields (up to 98%). Furthermore, the control experiments revealed the possible reaction pathway and activation mode, which will enrich the research on Brønsted acid catalysis and tandem reactions.
Bismuth in Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: Access to a Bowl‐Type Macrocycle and a Barrel‐Type Heptanuclear Complex Cation
Authors: Stoy Andreas , Jürgensen Malte , Millidoni Christina , Berthold Chantsalmaa , Ramler Jacqueline , Martínez Sebastián , Buchner Magnus R. , Lichtenberg Crispin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDynamic covalent chemistry (DCvC) is a powerful and widely applied tool in modern synthetic chemistry, which is based on the reversible cleavage and formation of covalent bonds. One of the inherent strengths of this approach is the perspective to reversibly generate in an operationally simple approach novel structural motifs that are difficult or impossible to access with more traditional methods and require multiple bond cleaving and bond forming steps. To date, these fundamentally important synthetic and conceptual challenges in the context of DCvC have predominantly been tackled by exploiting compounds of lighter p‐block elements, even though heavier p‐block elements show low bond dissociation energies and appear to be ideally suited for this approach. Here we show that a dinuclear organometallic bismuth compound, containing BiMe2 groups that are connected by a thioxanthene linker, readily undergoes selective and reversible cleavage of its Bi−C bonds upon exposure to external stimuli. The exploitation of DCvC in the field of organometallic heavy p‐block chemistry grants access to unprecedented macrocyclic and barrel‐type oligonuclear compounds.