bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a novel risk factor for chronic wasting disease (CWD) in elk: S100G single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the prion protein gene (PRNP)
Authors: Lee Yu-Ran , Kim Yong-Chan , Won Sae-Young , Jeong Min-Ju , Park Kyung-Je , Park Hoo-Chang , Roh In-Soon , Kang Hae-Eun , Sohn Hyun-Joo , Jeong Byung-Hoon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrion diseases are fatal and malignant infectious encephalopathies induced by the pathogenic form of prion protein (PrPSc) originating from benign prion protein (PrPC). A previous study reported that the M132L single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the prion protein gene (PRNP) is associated with susceptibility to chronic wasting disease (CWD) in elk. However, a recent meta-analysis integrated previous studies that did not find an association between the M132L SNP and susceptibility to CWD. Thus, there is controversy about the effect of M132L SNP on susceptibility to CWD. In the present study, we investigated novel risk factors for CWD in elk. We investigated genetic polymorphisms of the PRNP gene by amplicon sequencing and compared genotype, allele, and haplotype frequencies between CWD-positive and CWD-negative elk. In addition, we performed a linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis by the Haploview version 4.2 program. Furthermore, we evaluated the 3D structure and electrostatic potential of elk prion protein (PrP) according to the S100G SNP using AlphaFold and the Swiss-PdbViewer 4.1 program. Finally, we analyzed the free energy change of elk PrP according to the S100G SNP using I-mutant 3.0 and CUPSAT. We identified 23 novel SNP of the elk PRNP gene in 248 elk. We found a strong association between PRNP SNP and susceptibility to CWD in elk. Among those SNP, S100G is the only non-synonymous SNP. We identified that S100G is predicted to change the electrostatic potential and free energy of elk PrP. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first report of a novel risk factor, the S100G SNP, for CWD.
Safety and efficacy of patient controlled epidural analgesia versus conventional epidural analgesia in lower limb orthopedic surgeries: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Ramdev Babita , Gopal TVenu , Sharma Dinesh Kumar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Orthopedic surgeries lead to moderate to severe postoperative pain, treating which is a challenge to the anesthesiologist. The present prospective, randomized study was carried out to compare the efficacy of postoperative pain relief between patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and conventional intermittent bolus epidural analgesia (IBEA) \with very low concentration of bupivacaine plus fentanyl in 60 ASA I and ASA II patients for orthopedic lower limb surgeries. Following variables like heart rate, mean arterial pressure, oxygen saturation, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, total analgesic consumption, patient satisfaction (Likert scale) and side effects were assessed for 24 h postoperatively.

Results
The hemodynamic parameters were comparable in both the groups at various time intervals. There was a significant decrease in VAS score, less analgesic consumption, less rescue analgesia requirement and more patient satisfaction in PCEA group as compared to IBEA group.

Conclusions
Patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with a combination of bupivacaine and fentanyl has more efficacy and safety than intermittent bolus epidural analgesia (IBEA) so it should be used more often.
Diltiazem efficacy and CYP2D6 gene polymorphism in patients with atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response
Authors: Uluturk Mehmet , Yilmaz Atakan , Seyit Murat , Ozen Mert , Oskay Alten , Kemanci Aykut , Unal Medine , Senol Hande , Koseler Aylin , Turkcuer Ibrahim 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Diltiazem stands out as one of the front-line drugs administered in the emergency department to achieve acute rate control in patients suffering from atrial fibrillation with rapid Ventricular Response. One of the cytochrome enzymes involved in the metabolism of diltiazem is cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6). Interindividual differences can act on drug metabolism and thus drug efficacy due to the genetic polymorphism induced by the CYP2D6 enzyme. This study explores the association between the efficacy of diltiazem and the genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6 in patients with atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response.

Results
87 out of 93 individuals with ventricular rate > 120 beats/min constituted the patient cohort. The patients were administered 0.25 mg/kg diltiazem intravenously. As a second dose, 0.35 mg/kg diltiazem was administered to patients who reportedly did not receive adequate drug efficacy. Heart rate control was considered to be achieved in patients whose heart rate fell below 110 beats/min and did not rise above 110 beats/min for 2 h. CYP2D6 *2, *3, *4 and *10 represent allele variants and *1 represents wild type (wt) allele. Achieving rate control after one or two doses of diltiazem in normal allele (wt/wt) carriers proved significantly higher than wt/*2, wt/*4 and wt/*10 heterozygous variant carriers. No significant difference was noted in wt/*3 heterozygous variant carriers.

Conclusion
The presence of *2, *4 and *10 alleles was observed to significantly compromise the drug efficacy. *3 allele was found to bear no relation to the effect of diltiazem on achieving rate control.
Development, Feasibility, and Acceptability of an Oncologist Group Peer Support Program From ASCO's Clinician Well-Being Task Force
Authors: Hlubocky Fay J. , McFarland Daniel C. , Back Anthony L. , Friese Christopher R. , Lyckholm Laurel , Gallagher Colleen M. , McGinnis Molly , Spence Rebecca , Lynch Laura , Tomkins Julia , Shanafelt Tait , Srivastava Piyush 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE The COVID-19 pandemic has had deleterious effects on oncologist professional and personal well-being, the optimal delivery of quality cancer care, and the future cancer care workforce, with many departing the field. Hence, the identification of evidence-based approaches to sustain oncologists is essential to promote well-being. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a brief, oncologist-centered, virtual group peer support program and tested its feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary impact on well-being. Trained facilitators provided support to peers on the basis of burnout research in oncology with available resources to enhance oncologist resilience. Peers completed pre- and postsurvey assessment of well-being and satisfaction. RESULTS From April to May 2022, 11 of 15 (73%) oncologists participated in its entirety: mean age 51.1 years (range, 33-70), 55% female, 81.8% Ca, 82% medical oncologists, 63.6% trained ≥15 years, average 30.3 patients/wk (range, 5-60), and 90.9% employed in hospital/health system practice. There was a statistically significant difference in pre- and postintervention well-being (7.0 ± 3.6 v 8.2 ± 3.0, P = .03) with high satisfaction with postgroup experience (9.1 ± 2.5). These quantitative improvements were affirmed by qualitative feedback. These themes included (1) an enhanced understanding of burnout in oncology, (2) shared experience in practice of oncology, and (3) fostering connections with diverse colleagues. Future recommendations proposed included (1) restructuring group format and (2) tailoring groups according to practice setting (academic v community). CONCLUSION Preliminary results suggest that a brief, innovative oncologist-tailored group peer support program is feasible, acceptable, and beneficial for enhancing well-being dimensions including burnout, engagement, and satisfaction. Additional study is required to refine program components (optimal timing, format) to support oncologist well-being, now during the pandemic and well into recovery.
Experiences of Poverty Around the Time of a Birth: A Research Note
Authors: Hamilton Christal , Sariscsany Laurel , Waldfogel Jane , Wimer Christopher 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile research highlights that, on average, women's income and labor force participation fall around the time of a birth, little is known about how women's experiences of poverty around childbirth vary by birth parity or race and ethnicity. Using data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation and the Supplemental Poverty Measure (a comprehensive measure of poverty), this research note examines the poverty rate of mothers overall and by birth parity and racial and ethnic group in the six months before and after childbirth. We also assess the role of current government support programs in moderating financial losses during the time around a birth. We find that poverty rates among mothers increase after childbirth, with the magnitude varying by birth parity and racial and ethnic group. While current government programs help reduce poverty among mothers around childbirth, these programs do not protect mothers from falling into poverty after childbirth nor do they reduce the inequities in poverty by race or ethnicity. Our results highlight the need for greater public assistance for mothers with recent births to ensure improved child and family well-being and also call attention to the need for policies to address long-standing racial and ethnic inequities in child and family well-being.
Omega-3 enriched chick diet reduces the foraging areas of breeders in two closely related shearwaters from contrasting marine environments
Authors: Santos Sara H. , Martins Beatriz S. , Ramos Jaime A. , Pereira Jorge M. , Almeida Nathalie , Gonçalves Ana M. M. , Matos Diana M. , Norte Ana C. , Rodrigues Isabel F. , dos Santos Ivo , Araújo Pedro M. , Paiva Vitor H. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTSeabirds have evolved several life-history characteristics to help buffer environmental stochasticity. However, particularly during the breeding season, seabirds may be affected by reductions in prey availability and localised oceanographic conditions caused by variations in the environment. The increase in sea surface temperature, triggered by accelerated global warming, is impairing phytoplankton production of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs). Here, we assessed the ecological role of omega-3 FAs on chick development and subsequently on breeder foraging behaviour in two closely related shearwater species foraging in contrasting marine environments. We supplemented chicks with omega-3 FA pills or with control placebo pills and monitored chick growth, chick health status and breeder at-sea foraging behaviour using global positioning system devices. We found that omega-3 chick supplementation reduced the 95% kernel utilization distribution of short trips of Cape Verde shearwaters, but overall, breeders kept a similar foraging pattern between treatments, potentially influenced by predictable prey patches off the West African coast. In contrast, for Cory's shearwaters, the parents of the omega-3 group greatly reduced the foraging effort. This suggests that the proximity to productive prey patches around the colony may help birds to adjust their effort and, therefore, energy expenditure, to changes in the development of their offspring, as driven by their nutritional status. Overall, our results suggest a link between a chick diet enriched in omega-3 FAs and parental foraging effort, providing insight into their ability to cope with a changing and increasingly stochastic marine environment.
Burnout, mood disorders and socioeconomic consequences among civil servants: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Ruiz-Adame Manuel , Martínez-Rodríguez Susana , Pérez-Troncoso Daniel , Dapena-Gómez María 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Literature shows the existence of a relationship between working conditions and alterations in mood. Civil servants have certain peculiarities in terms of job stability, which suggests that they should be less susceptible to mood disorders and burnout. It is common to find news in various media about higher rates of sickness absence and presenteeism. They have clinical and socio-economic aftermaths. The aim of this review is to know what intervention strategies have been applied for mood disorders and burnout syndrome among civil servants and what are the socioeconomic consequences Method: Searches will be performed on: MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, PsycArticles, EconLit, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews. Only peer reviewed papers and reviews written in English or Spanish will be included. Blind paper selections and data extraction will be performed by two independent researchers. In case of discrepancy, a third researcher will act as a tiebreaker. The review will follow the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Discussion: This systematic review will provide evidence to support decision makers from various stakeholder groups, including policymakers, business organisations, labor unions, clinical managers, and the academic community interested in analysing the clinical and socioeconomic consequences of mood disorders among public sector workers regarding issues related to these types of mental health issues. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023410761
Laser waterless cleaning of residual organic solvents on the surface of polyurethane coatings
Authors: Chen Liang , Jiang Bin , Tong Yanqun , Guo Jiabin , Ren Xudong , Zhou Wangfan , Lu Jiangyi , Ding Liuxin 
Published: June 2023

Residual organic solvents have a great impact on the physical and mental health of
equipment operators in industry and agriculture. Laser waterless
cleaning technology of residual organic solvents on the surface of
polyurethane coatings has great application prospects and is a good
way to tackle the pollution problem. In this paper, the evolutionary
behavior of a laser waterless cleaning mechanism and substrate surface
state is analyzed. The influence law of laser energy density and
scanning speed on the residual solvent cleaning effect was
investigated. The optimal laser cleaning parameters were obtained by
comprehensive evaluation of the substrate surface cleaning effect and
microscopic morphology. The peak of solvent characteristics before and
after laser cleaning was detected by Raman spectroscopy. The results
demonstrated that the laser cleaning effect was better with the
increase of energy density or the decrease of scanning speed in the
substrate damage range, and the best laser cleaning parameters were
laser energy density of 0.24J/cm2 and scanning speed of
500 mm/s. A significant reduction of the peak of Raman
spectroscopy was found, reflecting the excellent effect of laser
waterless cleaning of residual organic solvents.
ESCOLAS FAMÍLIA AGRÍCOLA E AÇÕES ANTIRRACISTAS: ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA NO TOCANTINS
Authors: Sousa Vânia Ferreira de , Ferracini Rosemberg 
Published: June 2023

O respectivo artigo aborda o ensino de Geografia e ações educativas de combate ao racismo ambiental nas Escolas Família Agrícola do estado do Tocantins. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa que seguiu a metodologia baseada no estudo e análises (de textos, artigos, dissertações, teses e livros) sendo complementada pela aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado aos professores de Geografia das EFAs. A organização dos dados demontram que as escolas foram fundadas como resultados de reivindicações dos movimentos sociais, para atender crianças e jovens das comunidades rurais. Apreendeu-se que as mesmas são apoios fundamentais da agricultura familiar, incentivando a implantação de projetos de geração de renda, através de atividades diversificadas e sustentáveis. Como resultados, pode-se afirmar que o ensino de Geografia fortalece as ações antirracistas que passam pela educação formal, via a construção do conhecimento em saúde e acesso à água, moradia e alimentação, políticas públicas e formação humana. Conclui-se que os conteúdos de ensino passam pelo ensino técnico via o entendimento do acesso a terra que abordam os temas das potencialidades agrícolas como apicultura, olericultura, fruticultura, piscicultura e tração animal.
E-Day: Die Bibliothek setzt mit einem Event auf Offenheit
Authors: Grosjean Stefan , Schaffer Michelle 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Bibliothek als Treffpunkt und Veranstaltungsort! An der Universität Bern beginnen jedes Jahr 360 Studienanfänger*innen mit dem Medizinstudium. Für sie beginnt ein neuer Lebensabschnitt. Wer hilft den Neuankömmlingen, sich an der Uni zurechtzufinden? Wer gibt ihnen ein „Home away from home“? Wer führt sie an die E-Ressourcen heran? Wer hilft ihnen mit all dem digitalen Krimskrams? Wer gibt ihnen Tipps und Tricks auf den Weg? Wer hilft ihnen, sich zu vernetzen und Freundschaften zu schließen?
Die Bibliothek, welche Offenheit und Vernetzung groß schreibt! Mit einem ganztägigen Event, dem „E-Day“, empfängt die Bibliothek Medizin in Bern (BibMED) jedes Jahr die Erstsemestrigen. Vorlesungen, Workshops und Marktstände helfen, die Informationsflut in den Griff zu kriegen, während Angebote wie Friend-Speed-Dating, Wettbewerbe, ein Food Truck und ein improvisiertes Café dazu animieren, sich auf den neuen Lebensabschnitt zu freuen. „Von Studis für Studis“ ist dabei ein zentraler Erfolgsfaktor.
Prevalence of residual risks of the transfusion-transmitted infections in Riyadh hospitals: A two-year retrospective study
Authors: Mubaraki Murad A. , Almuayrifi Hussain A. , Hafiz Taghreed A. , Alyousef Abdulaziz , Dkhil Mohamed A. , Thagfan Felwa A. , Abdel-Gaber Rewaida , Al-Najjar Mohammad A. A. , Alkhudhayri Abdulsalam , Elshanat Sherif 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and trends of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) in two hospitals in Riyadh, as well as to judge the best type of tests to ensure blood transfusion safety. By using serological and nucleic acid test (NAT) tests, these donors were screened for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), human T-lymphotropic virus type 2 (HTLV-2), syphilis, and malaria infection as a first time of donation. Out of 58,898 blood units, 336 units were reacted for HBsAg, 5,318 units for HBcAbs, 506 units for HCV antibodies, 214 units for HIV Ab/Ag combinations, 206 units for HTLV antibodies, 355 units for syphilis antibodies, and 81 units for malaria. Moreover, the genotypic prevalence of these products showed that 349 units reacted for HBV DNA, HCV RNA, and HIV RNA in blood donation. This study reflects the seriousness of the residual risk of TTI, which is still a threat factor for the transmission of blood-borne infectious diseases. It was discovered that utilising (NAT) could increase test sensitivities while also lowering residual TTI risks, improving blood safety, and being cost-effective.
Mapping the AD Development Patterns Between China and Europe: China, Spain and the UK in Focus
Authors: Liu Yuchen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
China is a country which has a substantial population with disabilities, and efforts to take care of their socio-cultural needs and make the physical environment accessible to them have proved challenging as the primary media access service in China AD is volunteer-dependent. However, the transition to professionalisation is already on track with efforts by a few AD stakeholders. At the same time, there are differences between AD development patterns in China and some European countries where AD has come of age (Tor-Carroggio, I., and G. Vercauteren. 2020. The aim of this article is twofold: firstly, to systematise the differences in AD development between China and Europe, with Spain and the UK as reference countries; secondly, to investigate whether there are any areas where China and Europe can learn from each other to improve this service in the future. The results show that the high input from users in China can be useful for AD practices in Europe, while collaboration at all levels backed by European legislation can be essential in promoting AD professionalisation and standardisation in China.
Exploitation of Osseous Materials During the Mesolithic in the Iron Gates
Authors: Mărgărit Monica , Boroneanț Adina , Bălășescu Adrian , Bonsall Clive 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Mesolithic settlements on the left bank of the Danube in the Iron Gates have yielded numerous artefacts made of osseous materials. Products and sub-products of the chaîne opératoire are present, suggesting in situ manufacturing of the finished items. Among a restricted range of artefact types, the most characteristic ones are bevelled tools made of antler, pointed tools of bone, and boar tusk scrapers. Our research has focused on identifying both the manufacturing processes applied to the various raw materials and the marks left by use, which are key indicators of the function of the artefacts. We were also interested to know if a unitary technological scheme could be identified throughout the Iron Gates, or if there are features specific to individual sites. Our findings suggest that despite a general unitary pattern, it is nevertheless possible to identify elements that are characteristic of individual sites but whether these were the result of economic or cultural factors is more difficult to assess. The results of this combined approach suggest wood processing and hunting were among the main activities performed with osseous artefacts. Contrary to some previous interpretations, there is no evidence for their use in connection with plant cultivation.
Research on complex multimodal vibration characteristics of offshore platform
Authors: Wang Na , Liang Ran , Li Lei , Liu Zhigang , Zhao Zhe 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The vibration and noise performance of the offshore platforms are significant factors affecting the comfort and physical and mental health of the staff, and are also important indicators for evaluating the status of platforms. Based on the principle of structural dynamics, taking the semi-submersible platform as the research object, this article systematically and comprehensively studies the vibration characteristics and transfer laws of some partial-frame structures to the overall structure by combing theoretical derivation and numerical simulation. Firstly, the coupling dynamic model of the device-plate-platform is established, and the vibration transmission from the excitation source to the platform structure through the coupling system is analyzed theoretically. Secondly, the multimodal vibration mechanism of the plate frame and cabin structure is discussed by considering the plate frame and the plate frame as one. Finally, based on the semi-submersible platform structure, the study of complex multi-modal vibration transfer law of platform structure is carried out, which contributes to the research on multimodal coupled vibration protection of offshore platform structure.