bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel tumor localization model and prediction of ablation zone using an intertwined helical antenna for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Singh Suyash Kumar , Yadav Amar Nath 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma has been the leading cause of death in recent centuries and with the advent of newer technologies, several thermal and cryo‐ablation techniques have been introduced in the recent past. In this regard, microwave ablation has developed into a promising method for thermal ablation technique. However, due to clinical obligations, in‐vivo analysis is not feasible and ex‐vivo analysis is inaccurate due to changes in the electrical and thermal properties of the tissue. Therefore, in this study, temperature‐dependent permittivity, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity along with phase change effect due to temperature reaching above 100°C are incorporated using finite element method model. Further, using an intertwined normal mode helical antenna ablation probe, a change in resonant frequency (Δf) and reflection coefficient (ΔS11) from the actual value (antenna parameter in the air at 5 GHz) is modeled using second‐order polynomial curve fitting to predict the surrounding permittivity in the range of 30–70. A maximum deviation of 0.8 value in permittivity from the actual value is observed. However, to obtain a generalized methodology, XG Boost and CAT Boost algorithms are used. Further, since ablation diameter plays a crucial role in achieving optimal tumor ablation, an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm with three different optimizers is incorporated to predict ablation diameter using five critical parameters. Such an ANN algorithm which can predict the transversal and axial ablation zone may provide optimal ablation outcomes.
Multi‐objective container scheduling and multi‐path routing for elastic business process management in autonomic multi‐tenant cloud
Authors: Naji Saif Mufeed Ahmed , Niranjan Aradhya SK , Hezam Murshed Belal Abdullah , Farhan Alnaggar Omar Abdullah Murshed , Ali Issa Mohammed Saeed 
Published: January 2023

SummaryCloud multi‐tenancy has a variant requirement, due to its resource sharing nature, satisfying such requirements and maintaining a balance between the resources and the business workloads of multiple tenants is a challenging task, and also the communication between scheduled containers leads to high power consumption. To address these issues, this article proposes an autonomic approach to ensure the elasticity of BPM in multi‐tenant cloud. Where it employs the autonomic computing capabilities for scheduling the containers into the available servers then regulates the communication between the containers using multi‐path routing. For the container scheduling, a multi‐objective crow search optimization algorithm is proposed to schedule the containers into appropriate servers. Then, the discrete wolf search algorithm based multipath routing is proposed to route the communication flows between the containers by finding the optimal path with an objective to minimize the energy consumption. The optimal path is constructed as a multi‐tenancy graph with bandwidths determining the shortest distance between the servers and containers. The overall simulations shows that the proposed algorithm outperformed the other compared approaches in terms of make‐span, resource utilization, execution cost, execution time, and energy consumption.
NIR‐I Fluorescent Probes Based on Distyryl‐BODIPYs with Two‐Photon Excitation in NIR‐II Window**
Authors: Pakhomov Alexey A. , Efremova Anna V. , Kononevich Yuriy N. , Ionov Dmitriy S. , Maksimova Margarita A. , Volodin Alexander D. , Korlyukov Alexander A. , Dubinets Nikita O. , Martynov Vladimir I. , Ivanov Anatoly A. , Muzafarov Aziz M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFluorescent dyes which exhibit emission/excitation in the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II, 1000–1350 nm) region are currently attracting significant attention in bioimaging and diagnostics applications. Furthermore, dyes with high two‐photon absorption cross‐section (TPA), such as BODIPY derivatives, are of a particular interest due to deeper signal penetration into biological tissues, better image contrast, reduced phototoxicity and photobleaching. Herein we report the synthesis and properties of new monomeric and dimeric di‐styryl‐BODIPY dyes, which have absorption maxima near 625 nm and emission in the range of 600–800 nm (NIR‐I, 650–950 nm). For the first time, we used a femtosecond Cr:Forsterite laser with a wavelength of 1250 nm (NIR‐II) for the excitation of NIR‐I di‐styryl‐BODIPY dyes by TPA. A cooperative effect was observed for TPA for the dimeric di‐styryl‐BODIPY dyes. The results obtained may be of great interest due to their potential applications in bioimaging and photodynamic therapy.
Colec12 and Trail signaling confine cranial neural crest cell trajectories and promote collective cell migration
Authors: McLennan Rebecca , Giniunaite Rasa , Hildebrand Katie , Teddy Jessica M. , Kasemeier‐Kulesa Jennifer C. , Bolanos Lizbeth , Baker Ruth E. , Maini Philip K. , Kulesa Paul M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCollective and discrete neural crest cell (NCC) migratory streams are crucial to vertebrate head patterning. However, the factors that confine NCC trajectories and promote collective cell migration remain unclear.ResultsComputational simulations predicted that confinement is required only along the initial one‐third of the cranial NCC migratory pathway. This guided our study of Colec12 (Collectin‐12, a transmembrane scavenger receptor C‐type lectin) and Trail (tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand, CD253) which we show expressed in chick cranial NCC‐free zones. NCC trajectories are confined by Colec12 or Trail protein stripes in vitro and show significant and distinct changes in cell morphology and dynamic migratory characteristics when cocultured with either protein. Gain‐ or loss‐of‐function of either factor or in combination enhanced NCC confinement or diverted cell trajectories as observed in vivo with three‐dimensional confocal microscopy, respectively, resulting in disrupted collective migration.ConclusionsThese data provide evidence for Colec12 and Trail as novel NCC microenvironmental factors playing a role to confine cranial NCC trajectories and promote collective cell migration.
Testing the context dependence of ant nutrient preference across habitat strata and trophic levels in Neotropical biomes
Authors: Lasmar Chaim J. , Bishop Tom R. , Parr Catherine L. , Queiroz Antônio C. M. , Wilker Icaro , Feitosa Rodrigo M. , Schmidt Fernando A. , Ribas Carla R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAnimals are integrated into the wider ecosystem via their foraging and behavior. The compensation hypothesis predicts that animals target their foraging efforts (i) toward nutrients that are scarce in the environment and (ii) toward nutrients that are not present in the usual diet of species, which varies across trophic levels. Understanding how foraging for resources varies locally, such as across habitat strata, and trophic levels will help to elucidate the links between the local environment and communities to the ecological functions that animals mediate. We examined whether the relative resource use of ants varies consistently along a habitat strata gradient and across trophic levels across Neotropical biomes. We placed 4500 baited tubes, each containing one of five liquid resources (sugar, amino acid, lipid, sodium, and distilled water) in one of three habitat strata (subterranean, epigaeic, and arboreal) across 60 transects in Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Caatinga, Cerrado, Pampa, and Pantanal biomes. We assessed the relative resource use of all ants across the habitat strata and among two different trophic groups across biomes. The relative preference for sugar increased from subterranean to arboreal strata in all biomes, while the relative preference for lipids decreased at this gradient in five biomes. We also found that in general sugar‐consuming ants foraged more for sugar and less for lipids than predatory ants across biomes. Conversely, we found no consistency across biomes in nutrient preference of amino acid and sodium across habitat strata or trophic levels. Overall, our results indicate sugar limitation in the arboreal stratum and lipid limitation on the ground across biomes and that the trophic level of ants strongly determines their foraging efforts—possibly because ants try to fix their dietary nutrient imbalances. Hence, our findings suggest strong local niche partitioning of sugar and lipid use across habitat strata and trophic levels and that other large spatial scale processes influence the local amino acid and sodium dynamics.
Historical forest disturbance results in variation in functional resilience of seed dispersal mutualisms
Authors: Buono Carmela M. , Lofaso Jesse , Smisko Will , Gerth Carly , Santare John , Prior Kirsten M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMutualistic interactions provide essential ecosystem functions that contribute to promoting and maintaining diversity in ecosystems. Understanding if functionally important mutualisms are “resilient” (i.e., able to resist or recover) to anthropogenic disturbance is essential for revealing the capacity for diversity to recover. Animal‐mediated seed dispersal supports plant population growth and influences community structure, and disturbance affecting seed dispersal can contribute to low resiliency of plant diversity. Ant–seed dispersal mutualisms are sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance, as they rely on one to a few high‐quality dispersal partners. In North American eastern deciduous forests, ants in the genus Aphaenogaster are “keystone dispersers” of understory forbs adapted to dispersal by ants (myrmecochores), which make up more than one‐third of the understory herbaceous community. The majority of forests within this region have regenerated from previous disturbance in the form of clearing for agriculture. Previous studies have revealed that myrmecochore diversity is not resilient to previous clearing. Here, we ask if seed dispersal mutualisms are resilient to historical forest disturbance and if decreases in mutualistic interactions with partners, Aphaenogaster sp., or increases in antagonistic interactions cause degradation of function. In a large‐scale natural experiment (20 sites), we measured seed removal, the abundance of mutualistic partners and other invertebrates interacting with seeds, myrmecochore cover, and diversity, along with ant habitat and forest structure. We found lower and more variable seed removal in secondary forests compared with remnant forests. A path analysis of all forests revealed that the abundance of mutualists was the primary determinant of the variation in seed removal, and that seed damage by antagonists (invasive slugs) negatively affected dispersal and was higher in secondary forests. In a path analysis of remnant forests, the link between mutualist abundance and seed removal was absent, but present in the secondary forest path, suggesting that seed dispersal is more variable and dependent on the mutualist abundance in secondary forests and is stable and high in remnant forests. Our results suggest that functional resilience to disturbance is variable, where seed dispersal is low in some secondary forests and not others. This work provides key insights into the effects of disturbance on mutualistic interactions and how the resilience of critical ecosystem functions impacts the capacity for diversity resiliency.
Concomitant latent pulmonary vascular disease leads to impaired global cardiac performance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Schuster Andreas , Schulz Alexander , Lange Torben , Evertz Ruben , Hartmann Finn , Kowallick Johannes T. , Hellenkamp Kristian , Uecker Martin , Seidler Tim , Hasenfuß Gerd , Backhaus Sören J. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTAimsThe REDUCE‐LAP II trial demonstrated adverse outcomes after interatrial shunt device (IASD) placement in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) attributed to latent pulmonary vascular disease (PVD). We hypothesized that exercise stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging could provide non‐invasive characterization of cardiac and pulmonary physiology for improved patient selection.Methods and resultsThe HFpEF‐Stress trial prospectively enrolled 75 patients with exertional dyspnoea and diastolic dysfunction. Patients underwent rest and exercise stress right heart catheterization, echocardiography and CMR imaging. Pulmonary artery and capillary wedge pressures, cardiac index (CI) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were calculated. Latent PVD was defined as increased PVR ≥ 1.74 Wood units during exercise stress. CMR assessed long‐axis strains (LAS) and filling volumes of all cardiac chambers. Right ventricular (RV) function was further quantified by stroke and peak flow volumes. Patients with latent PVD (n = 24) showed lower RV function (rest tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, p = 0.010; stress RV LAS, p < 0.001) compared to patients without (n = 43). During exercise stress, RV stroke and peak flow volumes (p < 0.001) were reduced and led to impaired left atrial filling (p = 0.040) with a strong statistical trend to impaired ventricular (LV) filling (p = 0.098). This subsequently resulted in reduced LV‐CI (p < 0.001) despite preserved LV systolic function (LV LAS p ≥ 0.255). The degree of RV dysfunction during exercise stress best predicted latent PVD (RV peak flow, area under the curve at rest 0.73 vs. stress 0.89, p = 0.004).ConclusionsLatent PVD is a feature of HFpEF and is associated with impaired RV functional reserve, global diastolic filling and LV‐CI. This can be quantified by CMR and used to identify patients likely to benefit from IASD implantation.
HFO‐1234yf as a CF3 Building Block: Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl Quinoline and Chromene Derivatives from Trifluoromethyl‐ynones
Authors: Marsh Thomas G. F. , Santambrogio Alessia , Murray Ben J. , Boulton Lee T. , Aguilar Juan A. , Yufit Dmitry S. , Sandford Graham , Brittain William D. G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTrifluoromethyl ynones derived from the refrigerant gas HFO‐1234yf (2,3,3,3‐tetrafluoropropene) react with nucleophiles via a Michael‐type addition process and the allenolate intermediate formed reacts intramolecularly with a carbonyl group to form heterocyclic derivatives. Thus, reaction of 2‐amino and 2‐hydroxyl benzaldehyde or ketone substrates with trifluoromethyl ynone derivatives gives trifluoromethyl quinoline and chromene products by a one‐pot tandem ring closing sequence, forming pharmaceutically relevant structures from an inexpensive starting material without the need for transition metals or column chromatography. The 2‐trifluoromethylquinoline products also show unusual fluxional behaviour, which was explored through 2‐D NMR and X‐ray crystallographic studies.
Prognosis of a new episode of low‐back pain in a community inception cohort
Authors: de Campos Tarcisio F. , da Silva Tatiane M. , Maher Christopher G. , Pocovi Natasha C. , Hancock Mark J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMost studies investigating the prognosis of low back pain (LBP) enrol people presenting for care, rather than all people who have an episode of LBP. We aimed to describe the prognosis of an acute episode of LBP in a community inception cohort.MethodsWe used data from two previous studies investigating recurrence of LBP. Participants without current LBP were contacted monthly to assess if they had experienced a new episode of LBP. 366 participants reporting a new episode of LBP were included in the current study. The primary outcome was duration of the new episode of LBP. Secondary outcomes were average and worst pain during the episode and the proportion of participants seeking care.ResultsThe median duration of the episode was 5 days (95% CI 3.99 to 6.02). The cumulative probability of recovery was 70.0% (95% CI 65.3 to 74.7) before 1 week, 86.1% (95% CI 82.6 to 89.6) before 3 weeks, 90.9% (95% CI 88.0 to 93.8) before 6 weeks, and 93.5% (95% CI 90.8 to 96.0) before 12 weeks. The mean average pain intensity was 3.7 (SD ± 1.5), and the mean worst pain intensity was 5.6 (SD ± 1.9). The proportion of patients who sought care was 39.5% (95% CI 33.9 to 46.4).ConclusionsThis study found most episodes of LBP recover rapidly and more quickly than typically reported for clinical populations. The worst pain during the episode was typically moderate despite the rapid recovery for most people. Approximately 40% of the participants who experienced an episode of LBP sought care.SignificanceThis study describes the prognosis of an acute episode of LBP in a community inception cohort. This study found the majority of episodes of LBP, in community‐dwelling adults, recover rapidly (median of 5 days) and more quickly than typically reported for clinical populations. The community should be reassured about the favourable prognosis of acute LBP.
Antioxidant activity and phytochemical analysis of fennel seeds and flaxseed
Authors: Noreen Sana , Tufail Tabussam , Bader Ul Ain Huma , Ali Anwar , Aadil Rana Muhammad , Nemat Arash , Manzoor Muhammad Faisal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNatural herbs are now receiving more attention due to the growing demand for their antioxidant properties. This study compared flaxseed and fennel seeds for their nutritional composition, bioactive moieties, and antioxidant activity—the study comprised two different phases. According to methods, phase I analyzed flaxseed and fennel seeds for proximate composition, mineral profile, dietary fiber, and amino acid content. In phase II, seeds were extracted using three different solvents, i.e., ethanol 80%, acetone 80%, and distilled water, to probe the total phenolic and flavonoid content. Antioxidant activity was measured using DPPH and a FRAP in the final phase. Current study revealed that flaxseed had higher protein (17.33 ± 0.02%), fat content (36.76 ± 0.02%), potassium (763.66 ± 4.04 mg/100 g), iron (5.13 ± 0.03 mg/100 g), phosphorus (581.46 ± 4.07 mg/100 g), magnesium (406.60 ± 5.12 mg/100 g), and zinc (3.30 ± 0.49 mg/100 g), respectively. In fennel seed, high dietary fiber (53.2 ± 0.01 g/100 mg), calcium, manganese, and sodium (588.93 ± 7.77, 20.30 ± 0.95, and 57.34 ± 0.33 mg/100 g, respectively) were found. Acetone showed better extraction efficiency than acetone, ethanol, and distilled water. Moreover, acetone flaxseed extract showed higher total phenolic content (84.13 ± 7.73 mgGAE/g), flavonoid content (5.11 ± 1.50 mgQE/g), and FRAP (5031 ± 15.92 μMFe2+/g) than fennel seed extract. This study showed that, among both herbs, flaxseed extract may have pharmacological potential in preventing illnesses and may be suggested for use in the food industry as a natural antioxidant.
The role of FUT8‐catalyzed core fucosylation in Alzheimer's amyloid‐β oligomer‐induced activation of human microglia
Authors: Jin Lee‐Way , di Lucente Jacopo , Ruiz Mendiola Ulises , Tang Xinyu , Zivkovic Angela M. , Lebrilla Carlito B. , Maezawa Izumi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFucosylation, especially core fucosylation of N‐glycans catalyzed by α1‐6 fucosyltransferase (fucosyltransferase 8 or FUT8), plays an important role in regulating the peripheral immune system and inflammation. However, its role in microglial activation is poorly understood. Here we used human induced pluripotent stem cells‐derived microglia (hiMG) as a model to study the role of FUT8‐catalyzed core fucosylation in amyloid‐β oligomer (AβO)‐induced microglial activation, in view of its significant relevance to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). HiMG responded to AβO and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) with a pattern of pro‐inflammatory activation as well as enhanced core fucosylation and FUT8 expression within 24 h. Furthermore, we found increased FUT8 expression in both human AD brains and microglia isolated from 5xFAD mice, a model of AD‐like cerebral amyloidosis. Inhibition of fucosylation in AβO‐stimulated hiMG reduced the induction of pro‐inflammatory cytokines, suppressed the activation of p38MAPK, and rectified phagocytic deficits. Specific inhibition of FUT8 by siRNA‐mediated knockdown also reduced AβO‐induced pro‐inflammatory cytokines. We further showed that p53 binds to the two consensus binding sites in the Fut8 promoter, and that p53 knockdown abolished FUT8 overexpression in AβO‐activated hiMG. Taken together, our evidence supports that FUT8‐catalyzed core fucosylation is a signaling pathway required for AβO‐induced microglia activation and that FUT8 is a component of the p53 signaling cascade regulating microglial behavior. Because microglia are a key driver of AD pathogenesis, our results suggest that microglial FUT8 could be an anti‐inflammatory therapeutic target for AD.
Prenatal depressive symptoms and childhood development of brain limbic and default mode network structure
Authors: Donnici Claire , Long Xiangyu , Reynolds Jess , Giesbrecht Gerald F. , Dewey Deborah , Letourneau Nicole , Huo Yuankai , Landman Bennett , Lebel Catherine 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrenatal depressive symptoms are linked to negative child behavioral and cognitive outcomes and predict later psychopathology in adolescent children. Prior work links prenatal depressive symptoms to child brain structure in regions like the amygdala; however, the relationship between symptoms and the development of brain structure over time remains unclear. We measured maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy and acquired longitudinal T1‐weighted and diffusion imaging data in children (n = 111; 60 females) between 2.6 and 8 years of age. Controlling for postnatal symptoms, we used linear mixed effects models to test relationships between prenatal depressive symptoms and age‐related changes in (i) amygdala and hippocampal volume and (ii) structural properties of the limbic and default‐mode networks using graph theory. Higher prenatal depressive symptoms in the second trimester were associated with more curvilinear trajectories of left amygdala volume changes. Higher prenatal depressive symptoms in the third trimester were associated with slower age‐related changes in limbic global efficiency and average node degree across childhood. Our work provides evidence that moderate symptoms of prenatal depression in a low sociodemographic risk sample are associated with structural brain development in regions and networks implicated in emotion processing.
Mechanical Characterization and Single‐Cell Imaging of Bacterial Biofilms
Authors: Moreau Alexis , Mukherjee Sampriti , Yan Jing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBacterial biofilms are structured clusters of bacterial cells embedded in a polymeric matrix and attached to a surface. The extracellular matrix protects the bacteria and allows them to survive in hostile environmental conditions. Biofilms can be both beneficial and harmful in nature, medicine and industry. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the mechanics of bacterial biofilms and high‐resolution imaging techniques to visualize and reconstruct biofilms at single‐cell level. A deeper understanding of biofilm architecture and mechanics will potentially lead to new treatment of biofilm‐related infections and new material design enabled by biofilms.
Dyotropic Rearrangements in Organic Solvents, in the Gas Phase, and in Enzyme Catalysis
Authors: Reetz Manfred T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis short historical account outlines how Helmut Schwarz and Manfred T. Reetz first met almost half a century ago and remained personal friends ever since. It began by collaborations on dyotropic rearrangements and other transformations in the gas phase. Although their chemical interests diverged considerably over decades, which are briefly mentioned in this account, both were always driven by curiosity. Another common feature was the fact that they both collaborated with Israeli chemists in various projects up to the present day. They also contributed to the celebration in 2015 commemorating 50 years of diplomatic relationship between Israel and Germany.