bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AIE‐Active Circularly Polarized Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for Stable Solution‐Processed Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence
Authors: Zhang Yuxia , Lu Kong Fan , Yu Chen Hao , Liu Chang , Yu Zhang Sen , Wang Shi , Jing Wen Li , Hua Li Yong , Yin Zhang Kenneth 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCircularly polarized organic light‐emitting diodes (CP‐OLEDs) have significant promise for naked‐eye 3D displays. However, most devices are fabricated using vacuum deposition technology, and development of efficient solution‐processed CP‐OLEDs, particularly those exhibiting low efficiency roll‐off, remains a formidable challenge. This research successfully designed and synthesized two pairs of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) enantiomers through isomer engineering, namely (R/S)‐N‐5‐TPA and (R/S)‐N‐4‐TPA, which features fifth and fourth substitution sites of phthalimide (acceptor) by tri‐phenylamine (donor), respectively. Both molecules displayed aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties. Notably, the CP‐OLED devices, fabricated by solution‐process, exhibited vivid blue‐green and green emission with the maximum current efficiency of 7.4 and 29.6 cd A−1, the external quantum efficiency of 2.7 % and 10.2 %, and the low efficiency roll‐off of 3.7 % and 16.7 %. Moreover, these devices demonstrated CP‐EL signals with gEL values of +6.61×10−4 /−6.84×10−4 and +1.13×10−3/−1.25×10−3, respectively.
An Anthracene‐Imidazoanthraquinone Conjugate Exhibiting Ratiometric Fluorescence Turn – on Behavior with CN− and F− Anions
Authors: Rai Ravisen , Kaleem Mohammed , Bhandari Rimpi , Misra Arvind 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA new conjugate, 2‐(4‐(anthracen‐9‐yl) phenyl)‐[1,2‐d]imidazole‐1H‐anthraquninone (AQI) has been designed and synthesized as a molecular probe 4. The photophysical and electrochemical behavior of the probe in the absence and presence of different class of ions were examined in acetonitrile solution. The probe 4 with F− and CN− anions showed ratiometric fluorescence “turn – On” response due to variation in ICT processes. Cyclic voltammetry of probe exhibited reversible redox behavior wherein the band gap (Eg =1240/λmax) of probe (ΔE =3.220 eV) decreased (~2.583 eV) after the interaction with F− and CN− anions. The probe interacted with both anions in a 1 : 1 stoichiometry with good binding constants (KF−=.05×106 M−1 and KCN− = 1.46×106 M−1) and limit of detection/quantification (LOD/LOQ) in nM range. pH studies showed that probe 4 has potential to detect the anions under physiological conditions (between pH 6–10). The probe upon interaction with both F− and CN− anions showed a naked‐eye sensitive color change in solution and on test paper strips. The probable complexes, 4+F−/CN− upon interaction with trifluoroacetic (TFA) acid showed reversible behavior wherein the intensity of probe rejuvenated. The output emission signal of the probe upon providing F− and TFA as a chemical inputs mimic the function of a memory device with ‘‘write–read–erase–read’’ functions and has also been utilized to construct a molecular key‐pad lock security device system. Also, the probe showed sensitivity to detect the F− in toothpaste. The mechanism of interaction has been confirmed by different spectroscopic data analysis.
Genetically Engineered and Implantable Mouse Brain Tumor Models: Characterization by Immunohistochemistry and Flow Cytometry
Authors: Mirji Apoorva , Singh Gurveer , Mujeeb Anzar A. , McClellan Brandon L. , Li YingXiang , Perez Makayla , Castro Maria G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGliomas are aggressive tumors with a poor prognosis. The protocols presented here outline the methods used to study tumor progression, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and the effects of experimental treatments. The Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposase system induces tumors de novo to generate mouse models that recapitulate human gliomas. Plasmids are constructed with oncogenic drivers and other genetic alterations of interest. which are recognized by their unique position in between inverted/direct repeat (IR/DR) sequences. Luciferase enzyme is used to monitor the uptake of the plasmid, tumor growth, and response to experimental therapies. The genes of interest are tracked using fluorescent markers. Tumors will arise in immunocompetent hosts, which provides a relevant preclinical platform for analysis of tumor initiation, progression, survival, immune microenvironment, and histopathological features. Once the tumor grows within the desired brain location, it can be harvested to generate cell cultures of neurospheres for future experimentation. The benefit of implantable models generated from SB tumors is that they provide specific anatomical and genetic context, in which specific genetic characteristics can be tracked, as they are co‐expressed with fluorescent markers. Post glioma cell implantation, additional analysis of the TME and tumor growth can be performed through immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry. © 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Creation of mouse glioma models by Sleeping‐Beauty‐mediated transpositionBasic Protocol 2: Generation of orthotopic implantable brain tumors and neurospheresBasic Protocol 3: Hematoxylin and eosin staining of glioma tissue samplesBasic Protocol 4: Immunohistochemistry of glioma tissue samplesBasic Protocol 5: Flow cytometry for immune cell analysis of the tumor microenvironment
Private Commissions of Public Inquiry: Community Conflict and Multilayer Dissonance in the Mining Industry
Authors: Harris Jill , Kemp Deanna , Owen John R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study examines a unique form of public inquiry that we refer to as “privately commissioned public inquiries.” These inquiries focus on events or incidents that indicate broader structural problems of neglect, misjudgment, or injustice. Using qualitative interview methods, we explore such an inquiry in the global mining industry. We ask: what motivated the company to commission an independent public‐facing inquiry? The study finds that threats to organizational identity are vital precursors to commissioning the inquiry. We also find that the unease caused by public scrutiny supports the maintenance of the company's valued identity attributes, rather than disrupting them. Paradoxically, an artifact remains—the public report, a trace that resists the kind of “forgetting” that the company might use to maintain its identity. We conclude that this public “remembering” indirectly supports organizational learning and advances the practice of human rights due diligence.
Visual Expressions in Corporate Social Responsibility Reports: The Role of Minority Investors' Online Information Demand
Authors: Ruan Hongfei , Du Yongzhi , Nie Yinju , Xiang Yi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCorporate social responsibility (CSR) reports hold significant importance for firms to communicate with stakeholders. Previous studies have primarily emphasized the implications of verbal characteristics present in CSR reports, yet there exists a limited understanding on the distinct features of visual information in these reports. The paper integrates stakeholder salience theory and elaboration likelihood model to examine whether online information demand of minority investors in the unique online interactive platforms can prompt corporate visual expressions in their CSR reports. Additionally, we contend that the relationship between online information demand and visual expressions in CSR reports is accentuated when minority investors play a prominent role in a firm, yet attenuated when a firm provides more comprehensible and transparent information. Employing a hand‐collected dataset of 1998 observations from publicly listed Chinese firms from 2009 to 2017, our empirical findings strongly support these arguments. Taken together, this research enhances our understandings of how and when firms respond to the increased collective salience of minority investors resulting from their online information demand by disclosing more visually oriented CSR reports.
Pipeline esophageal varices: Insights from clinical cases and models
Authors: Maki Keita , Haga Hiroaki , Hoshikawa Kyoko , Katsumi Tomohiro , Suzuki Fumiya , Uchiyama Fumi , Ueno Yoshiyuki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectivesWhile esophageal varices (EVs) are typically treated endoscopically, other options such as interventional radiology or surgical treatment are considered when endoscopic treatment is challenging. Pipeline EVs are difficult to treat endoscopically due to their large diameter, and currently, no specific treatment guidelines have been established.MethodsWe reviewed cases of pipeline EVs treated at our hospital and analyzed previously reported cases to collect evidence for the formulation of treatment guidelines. Additionally, we created EV simple models to evaluate the safety margin of endoscopic variceal ligation for varices.ResultsOur analysis included 14 cases of pipeline EVs (four cases treated at our hospital from 2013 to 2024 and 10 previously reported cases from 1990 to 2024). Endoscopic treatment alone was insufficient in six cases (42.9%), and five cases (35.7%) required interventional radiology or surgical intervention. Using EV simple models with varying diameters, EVL was inadequate for varices with diameters of 20 mm or larger.ConclusionsThere are few reported cases of pipeline EVs, making it difficult to determine a treatment algorithm. In our study using an EV simple model, it was suggested that endoscopic variceal ligation is effective in blocking blood flow for EVs with a diameter of 15 mm or less. It is important that we understand there are EVs, such as pipeline EVs, for which there are limitations to safely occluding blood flow with endoscopic variceal ligation, and it may be necessary to develop treatment strategies that include methods other than endoscopic therapy.
How Marine Megabenthos Fauna Responds to River Discharge and Artificial Flood in Large River Estuary
Authors: Sun Debin , Fu Qinglu , Wang Jiao , Chen Linlin , Chen Jing , Wang Yilin , Li Baoquan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEstuaries are ecologically sensitive areas influenced by river regulation. Knowledge of how marine megabenthos responds to river regulation and artificial flooding events remains limited. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of river regulation on marine megabenthic fauna. The oceanographic investigations were conducted at the Yellow River Estuary and its adjacent area during three distinct periods of river discharge, that is, spring low‐flow (IA), summer low‐flow (IB), and artificial flood (IC) periods. Samples of megabenthos and 14 mainly environmental parameters were investigated during different periods. The comprehensive indices of biodiversity (C‐diversity), phylogeny (C‐phyl), and stability (C‐stability) were synthesized from 24 basic indices to characterize the overall traits of megabenthos faunas. All 210 species were collected during three periods, belonging to 16 classes and 51 orders. The typical estuarine communities were mainly distributed in the key area within 30 km of the estuary during the low‐flow periods. The estuarine community presented with low biodiversity (C‐diversity = 0.15) but high stability (C‐stability = 0.64) during the IA period, followed by an increase in biodiversity during the IB period (C‐diversity = 0.35, C‐phyl = 0.69). The community underwent dramatic changes during the IC period, which bifurcated into distinct northern and southern groups. The northern community maintained high biodiversity and homeostasis (C‐stability = 0.60), whereas the southern stability decreased sharply (0.11). On the whole, the artificial flood reshaped the geographical distribution of megabenthic fauna in the estuarine area within 20 days, mainly as a result of the dramatic changes in seawater salinity and nutrient structure caused by flow pulse. An eco‐friendly discharge management of the Yellow River is needed to mitigate the impact.
Episodic Gregariousness Leads to Level‐Dependent Core Habitats: A Case Study in Eastern Copperheads (Agkistrodon contortrix)
Authors: Christensen Tyler C. , Kwait Robert , Van Clef Michael , Maslo Brooke 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCharacterizing the complex relationships between animals and their habitats is essential for effective wildlife conservation and management. Wildlife–habitat selection is influenced by multiple life‐history requirements, which act over varying spatial and temporal scales, and result in dispersion patterns that can differ across ecological levels. For example, sites that attract intense communal use (e.g., hibernacula and communal basking sites) are often a subset of the habitats required by individuals for survival. Despite the conservation importance of both individually and communally significant habitats, snake habitat models rarely incorporate information about both individual and population‐level activity. We used 4 years of radiotelemetry data from eastern copperheads (Agkistrodon contortrix) to evaluate the presence of multilevel spatial habitat responses and whether they revealed conservation‐relevant information. We related individual and population space use intensity to underlying habitat covariates to determine whether predictors of copperhead spatial activity were level‐dependent, and whether individual core habitats differed by sex and reproductive state. Copperheads' episodic gregariousness resulted in spatial and environmental separation between individual and communal core habitats. Population‐level use was greatest in rocky, forested habitats associated with winter brumation and spring basking, whereas individual‐level use was greatest in open habitats with woody debris associated with foraging and reproductive behaviors. Male core habitats were open and thickly vegetated while those of females were moderately forested, with gravid female core habitats containing ample woody debris. Our findings demonstrate that multilevel spatial patterns carry conservation‐relevant information about snake habitat relationships. We suspect that behaviors leading to multilevel spatial patterns exist in many wildlife species whose individual spatial activities overlap around shared resources.
A Genomic‐Based Workflow for eDNA Assay Development for a Critically Endangered Turtle, Myuchelys georgesi
Authors: Nelson Holly V. , Georges Arthur , Farquharson Katherine A. , McLennan Elspeth A. , DeGabriel Jane L. , Belov Katherine , Hogg Carolyn J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has become a popular conservation tool for detecting rare and elusive species. eDNA assays typically target mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) due to its high copy number per cell and its ability to persist in the environment longer than nuclear DNA. Consequently, the development of eDNA assays has relied on mitochondrial reference sequences available in online databases, or in cases where such data are unavailable, de novo DNA extraction and sequencing of mtDNA. In this study, we designed eDNA primers for the critically endangered Bellinger River turtle (Myuchelys georgesi) using a bioinformatically assembled mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) derived from a reference genome. We confirmed the accuracy of this assembled mitogenome by comparing it to a Sanger‐sequenced mitogenome of the same species, and no base pair mismatches were detected. Using the bioinformatically extracted mitogenome, we designed two 20 bp primers that target a 152‐base‐pair‐long fragment of the cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene and a 186‐base‐pair‐long fragment of the cytochrome B (CytB) gene. Both primers were successfully validated in silico, in vitro, and in situ.
(P,N,P)Pd‐ versus (P,N,P)Ni‐Catalyzed Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions under Green Conditions†
Authors: Fagué Vincent , Dos Santos Diogo , Daran Jean‐Claude , Mallet‐Ladeira Sonia , Guillo Pascal , Fliedel Christophe 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPalladium dichloride (6‐10) and nickel dichloride (11‐15) complexes of a series of N‐substituted/functionalized bis(diphenylphosphino)amine‐type ligands (1‐5) were synthesized and characterized, using multinuclear NMR and FT‐IR spectroscopic techniques, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. The solid‐state structures of two palladium(II) (6 and 8⋅2CHCl3) and two nickel(II) (12 and 15) complexes could be confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. All the complexes were evaluated as catalysts in the Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction. Applying what appeared, from the literature, as the optimized reaction conditions for such complexes, i. e. Cs2CO3 as base and 1,4‐dioxane as solvent, the palladium catalysts were found very efficient for the coupling of phenylboronic acid and aryl bromides functionalized with weak and moderate electron donating groups (EDGs) and weak and moderate electron withdrawing groups (EWGs). In contrast, reduced activity was observed for aryl bromides functionalized with strong EDGs and EWGs and no activity for aryl chlorides. Under the same reaction conditions, the nickel catalysts were completely inactive. Applying different and “greener” reaction conditions, i. e. K3PO4 as base and tert‐amyl alcohol as solvent, the nickel catalysts efficiently converted various aryl bromides and chlorides with a pool of aryl boronic acids, therefore clearly surpassing their palladium analogues at lower cost, economically and environmentally. Surprisingly, these reaction conditions could also be successfully applied to the palladium complexes, improving their performances (activity towards aryl chlorides) and offering a “greener” alternative to the common conditions.
Characterization of Hemoglobin Variants by Capillary Electrophoresis, UV–Vis, and FTIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Werle Julia , Dunovska Katerina , Podhajsky Jakub , Cerny Michal , Cepova Jana , Parikesit Arli Aditya , Bjørklud Geir , Kotaska Karel , Klapkova Eva , Prusa Richard , Werle Egon , Kizek Rene 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHemoglobinopathies, hereditary disorders affecting the structure or production of hemoglobin, were detected by routine HbA1c measurements by capillary electrophoresis (CE) at the University Hospital Motol, Prague. The potential of ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for the detection and characterization of hemoglobinopathies was investigated. FTIR spectra were recorded with a very high resolution (0.5 cm−1) with 128 scans. The broad amide I peak, located at 1700–1600 cm−1, can be formed by superimposition of the conformational structures of hemoglobin. These secondary protein structures were subjected to mathematical analysis. The application of band narrowing techniques, followed by curve fitting and integration processes, provided the basis for the quantitative estimation of protein secondary structure. As a result, unambiguous differences in UV–Vis spectra among patients with presumably normal hemoglobin, an HbC or a hemoglobin S/hemoglobin G (HbS/HbG)‐Philadelphia variant could not be demonstrated. However, FTIR spectra indicated slight differences in α‐helix, β‐turns, β‐sheet, or random coil secondary hemoglobin structures for these mutations. In the spectral wavenumber range of 950–850 cm−1, there were some obvious FTIR differences at specific wavenumbers between patients with normal hemoglobin and those with the HbC variant. Further investigations are needed with a sufficient number of hemoglobin variants to elucidate the potency of FTIR spectroscopy for the characterization of hemoglobinopathies.
Genomic prediction of forage nutritive value in perennial ryegrass
Authors: Konkolewska Agnieszka , Dineen Michael , Keirse Rachel , Conaghan Patrick , Milbourne Dan , Barth Susanne , Lawlor Aonghus , Byrne Stephen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundDespite its importance to animal production potential, genetic gain for forage nutritive value has been limited in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) breeding. The objective of this study was to phenotype a training population and develop prediction models to assess the potential of predicting organic matter digestibility (OMD) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) with genotyping‐by‐sequencing data.MethodsNear infra‐red reflectance spectroscopy calibrations for OMD and NDF were developed and used to phenotype a spaced plant training population of n = 1606, with matching genotype‐by‐sequencing data, for developing genomic selection models. families derived from the training population were also evaluated for OMD and NDF in sward plots and used to empirically validate prediction models.ResultsSufficient genotypic variation exists in breeding populations to improve forage nutritive value, and spectral bands contributing to calibrations were identified. OMD and NDF can be predicted from genomic data with moderate accuracy (predictive ability in the range of 0.51–0.59 and 0.33–0.57, respectively) and models developed on individual plants outperform those developed from family means. Encouragingly, genomic prediction models developed on parental plants can predict OMD in subsequent generations grown as competitive swards.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that genetic improvement in forage nutritive value can be accelerated through the application of genomic prediction models.
The Metabolic Treatabolome and Inborn Errors of Metabolism Knowledgebase therapy tool: Do not miss the opportunity to treat!
Authors: den Hollander Bibiche , Hoytema van Konijnenburg Eva M. M. , Hewitson Brittany , van der Meijden Jan C. , Balfoort Berith M. , Winter Brad , Müller Annelieke R. , Wasserman Wyeth W. , Ferreira Carlos R. , van Karnebeek Clara D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are rare genetic conditions with significant morbidity and mortality. Technological advances have increased therapeutic options, making it challenging to remain up to date. A centralized therapy knowledgebase is needed for early diagnosis and targeted treatment. This study aimed to identify all treatable IEMs through a scoping literature review, followed by data extraction and analysis according to the Treatabolome principles. Knowledge of treatable IEMs, therapeutic categories, efficacy, and evidence was integrated into the Inborn Errors of Metabolism Knowledgebase (IEMbase), an online database encompassing all IEMs. The study identified 275 treatable IEMs, 18% of all currently known 1564 IEMs, according to the International Classification of Inherited Metabolic Disorders. Disorders of fatty acid and ketone body metabolism had the highest treatability (67%), followed by disorders of vitamin and cofactor metabolism (60%), and disorders of lipoprotein metabolism (42%). The most common treatment strategies were pharmacological therapy (34%), nutritional therapy (34%), and vitamin and trace element supplementation (12%). Treatment effects were most commonly observed in nervous system abnormalities (34%), metabolism/homeostasis abnormalities (33%), and growth (7%). Predominant evidence sources included case reports with evidence levels 4 (48%) and 5 (12%), and individual cohort studies with evidence level 2b (12%). Our study generated the Metabolic Treatabolome 2024. IEMs are the largest group of monogenic disorders amenable to disease‐modifying therapy. With drug repurposing efforts and advancements in gene therapies, this number will expand. IEMbase now provides up‐to‐date, comprehensive information on clinical and biochemical symptoms and therapeutic options, empowering patients, families, healthcare professionals, and researchers in improving patient outcomes.