bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semimechanistic pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic model of tripegfilgrastim for pediatric patients after chemotherapy
Authors: Lee Soyoung , Hong Kyung Taek , Jang In‐Jin , Yu Kyung‐Sang , Kang Hyoung Jin , Oh Jaeseong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTripegfilgrastim is a long‐acting granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) that has been used to prevent chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia in adults. This study aimed to establish a pharmacokinetic (PK)–pharmacodynamic (PD) model to explore the impact of chemotherapy and tripegfilgrastim on absolute neutrophil counts (ANCs) and to further propose a fixed‐dose regimen in pediatric patients. Because neutrophils affect the clearance of tripegfilgrastim, the semimechanistic PK‐PD model was developed simultaneously by using data from 40 healthy adults and 27 pediatric patients with solid tumors. Tripegfilgrastim PK and ANC dynamics were described with a pharmacodynamics‐mediated drug disposition model assuming quasi‐equilibrium with five transit compartments mimicking neutrophil granulopoiesis. The effect of chemotherapy on neutrophils was included by stimulating the elimination of the G‐CSF receptor at the mitotic cells. Healthy adult and pediatric patients showed significantly different value for dissociation constant of the tripegfilgrastim‐G‐CSF receptor complex (Kd) and apparent volume of distribution (Vd/F). Patients treated with chemotherapy had a higher Vd/F and 62% lower Kd than healthy adults. As the age increased, the absorption rate of tripegfilgrastim was decreased. Body weight affected the G‐CSF receptor‐mediated internalization of tripegfilgrastim, and the baseline ANC value impacted the production rate of G‐CSF receptors. Simulations from the developed model suggested that 1.5, 2.5, 4, and 6 mg single subcutaneous tripegfilgrastim doses for the respective weight groups of 10–20, 21–30, 31–44, and more than 45 kg significantly reduced the duration of Grade 4 neutropenia similar to tripegfilgrastim weight‐based treatment with 100 μg/kg.
Targeting HSP90 with picropodophyllin suppresses gastric cancer tumorigenesis by disrupting the association of HSP90 and AKT
Authors: Li Xiaoli , Wang Guoli , Zhou Xiaolin , Zhao Huijie , Chen Xiaojie , Cui Qixiao , Li Minjing , Gao Xihang , Wei Xiaoyu , Ye Lei , Li Defang , Hong Pan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide. Thus, the development of safe and effective therapeutic compounds for GC treatment is urgently required. Here, we aimed to examine the role of picropodophyllin (PPP), a compound extracted from the rhizome of Dysosma versipellis (Hance) M. Cheng ex Ying, on the proliferation of GC cells. Our study revealed that PPP inhibits the proliferation of GC cells in a dose‐dependent manner by inducing apoptosis. Moreover, our study elucidated that PPP suppresses the growth of GC tumor xenografts with no side effects of observable toxicity. Mechanistically, PPP exerts its effects by blocking the AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway; these effects are markedly abrogated by the overexpression of constitutively active AKT. Furthermore, drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) revealed that heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) may be a potential target of PPP. Surface plasmon resonance and immunoprecipitation assay validated that PPP directly targets HSP90 and disrupts the binding of HSP90 to AKT, thereby suppressing GC cell proliferation. Thus, our study revealed that PPP may be a promising therapeutic compound for GC treatment.
Low‐carbon sustainable development driven by new energy vehicle pilot projects in China: Effects, mechanisms, and spatial spillovers
Authors: Cheng Qian , Xiong Yongqing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe transport sector, as one of the major carbon‐emitting industries, is under great pressure to reduce carbon emissions against the backdrop of low‐carbon sustainable development. The new energy vehicle (NEV) pilot projects provide an opportunity for China to make strides towards Dual Carbon targets. Based on the panel data of 277 cities in China from 2000 to 2019, this study acquires the time‐varying difference‐in‐difference (DID) method to evaluate the impact of NEV pilot projects on urban CO2 emissions, including the mechanisms, heterogeneity, and spatial spillover effect. The conclusions are as follows. The NEV pilot projects achieve co‐benefits in reducing the total amount and intensity of urban CO2 emissions. The mechanism analysis shows that the NEV pilot projects reduce CO2 emissions by improving energy consumption structure and increasing electric busses. For pilot cities with different resource endowments and traffic pressures, the carbon reduction effects in non‐resource‐based cities and license plate‐restricted cities are more effective. Moreover, considering the geographical distance factor, the NEV pilot projects only have spatial spillover effects on the intensity of CO2 emissions in neighboring cities. These results contribute to clarifying the carbon reduction potential of NEVs and providing references for other developing countries to carry out decarbonization in the transportation industry.
Modifying and Taming Photoactive Compounds Using Synthetic Macrocycles as Supramolecular Hosts
Authors: Kang Xu , Ahmad Dar Ajaz , Reddy Mittapalli Ramana , Carrao Andrea , Dawn Arnab , Kumari Harshita 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhotoactives have a wide variety of applications that can benefit human health including the prevention of melanoma and in photodynamic therapy. However, they have also been implicated in potential adverse impacts on the aquatic environment. Hence, several efforts have been made to either synthesize or to modulate properties of existing photoactives. Supramolecular modification is one of the ways in which photoactives are complexed with macrocycles to yield unique physical and chemical properties. Confined cavities of macrocycles have the potential to alter the life span of photoactive intermediates and thereby their applications. In this review, we have discussed the complexation of photoactives within select macrocycles, including calixarenes, curcurbit[n]urils, cyclodextrins, bis‐urea and octa‐acid. The comprehensive review gives an overview of how self‐assembly through non‐covalent interactions have enabled formation of inclusion complexes with improved photo stability and reduced phototoxicity. It also discusses how this technology may be leveraged in the future to counter the possible negative effects of photoactives.
Reducing Cancer Cell Adhesion using Microtextured Surfaces
Authors: McCue Caroline , Atari Adel , Parks Sean , Tseng Yuen‐Yi , Varanasi Kripa K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor the past century, trypsin has been the primary method of cell dissociation, largely without any major changes to the process. Enzymatic cell detachment strategies for large‐scale cell culturing processes are popular but can be labor‐intensive, potentially lead to the accumulation of genetic mutations, and produce large quantities of liquid waste. Therefore, engineering surfaces to lower cell adhesion strength could enable the next generation of cell culture surfaces for delicate primary cells and automated, high‐throughput workflows. In this study, a process for creating microtextured polystyrene (PS) surfaces to measure the impact of microposts on the adhesion strength of cells is developed. Cell viability and proliferation assays show comparable results in two cancer cell lines between micropost surfaces and standard cell culture vessels. However, cell image analysis on microposts reveals that cell area decreases by half, and leads to an average twofold increase in cell length per area. Using a microfluidic‐based method up to a seven times greater percentage of cells are removed from micropost surfaces than the flat control surfaces. These results show that micropost surfaces enable decreased cell adhesion strength while maintaining similar cell viabilities and proliferation as compared to flat PS surfaces.
Energy‐efficiency and sustainability in new generation cloud computing: A vision and directions for integrated management of data centre resources and workloads
Authors: Buyya Rajkumar , Ilager Shashikant , Arroba Patricia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCloud computing has become a critical infrastructure for modern society, like electric power grids and roads. As the backbone of the modern economy, it offers subscription‐based computing services anytime, anywhere, on a pay‐as‐you‐go basis. Its use is growing exponentially with the continued development of new classes of applications driven by a huge number of emerging networked devices. However, the success of Cloud computing has created a new global energy challenge, as it comes at the cost of vast energy usage. Currently, data centres hosting Cloud services world‐wide consume more energy than most countries. Globally, by 2025, they are projected to consume 20% of global electricity and emit up to 5.5% of the world's carbon emissions. In addition, a significant part of the energy consumed is transformed into heat which leads to operational problems, including a reduction in system reliability and the life expectancy of devices, and escalation in cooling requirements. Therefore, for the future generations of Cloud computing to address the environmental and operational consequences of such significant energy usage, they must become energy‐efficient and environmentally sustainable while continuing to deliver high‐quality services. In this article, we propose a vision for learning‐centric approach for the integrated management of new generation Cloud computing environments to reduce their energy consumption and carbon footprint while delivering service quality guarantees. In this article, we identify the dimensions and key issues of integrated resource management and our envisioned approaches to address them. We present a conceptual architecture for energy‐efficient new generation Clouds and early results on the integrated management of resources and workloads that evidence its potential benefits towards energy efficiency and sustainability.
Prospective use of a cell‐free supernatant from the biosurfactant‐producing marine Planococcus maritimus SAMP MCC 3013 for oil removal and enhanced oil recovery
Authors: Waghmode Samadhan , Sharma Deepansh , Joshi Sanket J. , Banpurkar Arun , Satpute Surekha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe cell‐free supernatant (CFS) of the biosurfactant (BS) producing pure strain of Planococcus maritimus SAMP MCC 3013 was used for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). An indigenous marine culture of P. maritimus was grown in mineral salt medium (MSM) supplemented with glucose (1%) (w/v) (30°C, 120 rpm, 7 days). CFS was used to demonstrate its application for oil recovery through three assays: pumice stone, saturated gravel, and the glass beads‐packed column. The recovery of light paraffin oil was ∼40% in the pumice stone assay and ∼43% in the oil‐saturated gravel assay, respectively. The glass bead column demonstrated ∼42% of additional 2T engine oil recovery by CFS. Our study showed that BS containing CFS from P. maritimus SAMP MCC 3013 has the ability to recover oil in its crude form without using any sophisticated purification techniques. All three methods operated by us are harmonizing with each other with respect to the findings. Those methods can be employed in large scale operations for the bio‐recovery of oils using an environmentally friendly approach through the functional properties of BS. This is most likely the first report describing the use of a glass bead pack column for EOR applications particularly from Planococcus sp. These results are symbolic of prospective applications of BS containing CFS from indigenous P. maritimus SAMP MCC 3013 under ex‐situ conditions.
The usage of household polythene and its management approaches
Authors: Bandara Lasanthika D. , Marasinghe Kalpani I. , Mahagamage Yohan L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlastic and polythene are useful innovations and are used for many products ranging from paper clips to spaceships due to their cost effectiveness, versatility, ease of production, and water resistant. However, the misuse and improper disposal of plastic and polythene create serious environmental, health, social, and financial issues. Thus, it is important to adhere to responsible disposal methods. The present study focused on the magnitude of usage, disposal methods, public awareness, and perception toward household polythene and plastic usage and disposal methods. A total of 150 respondents were selected using the cluster sampling technique in the Kuruwita Pradeshiya Sabha, Ratnapura, Sri Lanka. The data were collected through face‐to‐face and online interviews. The weights of the collected wastes were measured through a handheld digital scale. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the respondents use polythene and plastic products and 83.33% of the respondents use these for their daily life due to the lack of alternatives and easy availability. The majority of the respondents mentioned the use of separate bags for shopping made out of eco‐friendly materials. Shopping in supermarkets has been a reason to increase the usage of polythene and plastic. HDPE, PET, and LDPE were the most commonly‐used plastics types and among which HDPE was the highest (24%) in the study area. Findings further revealed that the people with post‐graduate education used more polythene and plastic (19.8%) and the usage was higher (40.39%) in families in the non‐governmental sector. The participants with monthly income higher than 100,000 LKR used more polythene and plastic (28.84%) compare to others. The common way of disposing of was burning and participants had only a fair knowledge of banning, recycling, reusing, and controlling plastic waste. The study revealed the need for strict regulations and necessary actions to control the usage of polythene‐based products.
Emission study on a direct injection diesel engine powered with blends of Moringa oleifera biodiesel‐diesel
Authors: Venu Harish , Appavu Prabhu , Krishnan Venkatesan , Jayaraman Jayaprabakar , Manimuthu Mudhu Krishnan , Kosinapogu Sudhakar , Vallapudi Dhana Raju 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe current investigation uses biodiesel extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds in a diesel engine. M. oleifera biodiesel is prepared via conventional transesterification with standard conditions (60°C reaction temperature, 120 min reaction time, 1% by wt. catalyst, and 7.5:1 molar ratio). The test engine is a single‐cylinder air‐cooled naturally aspirated direct injection diesel engine. The test engine for experimentation is operated at 100% load with different engine speeds ranging from 1000 to 2400 rpm. Emissions characteristics were analyzed at different engine speeds. Results were interesting as the MB10 blend (10% M. oleifera biodiesel + 90% diesel) lowered the smoke by 24% and hydrocarbon by 10.34% with respect to neat diesel. Almost all the test fuels have higher HC profiles at reduced engine speeds. The MB20 blend lowered the CO profile to the CO profile of diesel fuel by about 0.84%. However, it can be observed that the MB10 blend's average CO profile is improved by 1.97% than mineral diesel. These results are compromised with higher CO and NOx profiles of 2.4% and 8.9%, respectively.
Femur fracture associated with canine patellar groove replacement
Authors: Salmoral Alvaro , Clarke Stephen , Smith Kinley 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 3‐year‐old, 18‐kg, entire, male Staffordshire bull terrier was diagnosed of distal femur fracture after patellar groove replacement surgery. Internal fixation with orthogonal locking bone plates was used to stabilise the fracture. Six weeks following surgery, clinical examination indicated that satisfactory weight‐bearing ambulatory and radiographic bone union was achieved. Fracture following patellar groove replacement in dogs is a novel complication from which a good outcome can be achieved with appropriate management.
Current challenges ahead in preparation, characterization, and pharmaceutical applications of nanoemulsions
Authors: Yousefpoor Yaser , Esnaashari Seyedeh Sara , Baharifar Hadi , Mehrabi Mohsen , Amani Amir 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanoemulsions (NEs) are emulsions with particle size of less than around 100 nm. Reviewing the literature, several reports are available on NEs, including preparation, characterization, and applications of them. This review aims to brief challenges that researchers or formulators may encounter when working with NEs. For instance, when selecting NE components and identifying their concentrations, stability and safety of the preparation should be evaluated. When preparing an NE, issues over scale‐up of the preparation as well as possible effects of the preparation process on the active ingredient need to be considered. When characterizing the NEs, the two major concerns are accuracy of the method and accessibility of the characterizing instrument. Also a highly efficient NE for clinical use to deliver the active ingredient to the target tissue with maximum safety profile is commonly sought. Throughout the review we also have tried to suggest approaches to overcome the challenges.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
DNA nanostructures as biomolecular scaffolds for antigen display
Authors: Chen Kun , Jiang Ming , Liu Jin , Huang Deli , Yang Yuhe R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanoparticle‐based vaccines offer a multivalent approach for antigen display, efficiently activating T and B cells in the lymph nodes. Among various nanoparticle design strategies, DNA nanotechnology offers an innovative alternative platform, featuring high modularity, spatial addressing, nanoscale regulation, high functional group density, and lower self‐antigenicity. This review delves into the potential of DNA nanostructures as biomolecular scaffolds for antigen display, addressing: (1) immunological mechanisms behind nanovaccines and commonly used nanoparticles in their design, (2) techniques for characterizing protein NP–antigen complexes, (3) advancements in DNA nanotechnology and DNA–protein assembly approach, (4) strategies for precise antigen presentation on DNA scaffolds, and (5) current applications and future possibilities of DNA scaffolds in antigen display. This analysis aims to highlight the transformative potential of DNA nanoscaffolds in immunology and vaccinology.This article is categorized under:
Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Nucleic Acid‐Based Structures
Biology‐Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus‐Based Structures
Intracellular presence and genetic relationship of Helicobacter pylori within neonates' fecal yeasts and their mothers' vaginal yeasts
Authors: Yang Tingxiu , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhang Hua , Wu Xiaojuan , Sun Jianchao , Hua Dengxiong , Pan Ke , Liu Qi , Cui Guzhen , Chen Zhenghong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHelicobacter pylori are transmissible from person to person and among family members. Mother‐to‐child transmission is the main intrafamilial route of H. pylori transmission. However, how it transmits from mother to child is still being determined. Vaginal yeast often transmits to neonates during delivery. Therefore, H. pylori hosted in yeast might follow the same transmission route. This study aimed to detect intracellular H. pylori in vaginal and fecal yeasts isolates and explore the role of yeast in H. pylori transmission. Yeast was isolated from the mothers' vaginal discharge and neonates' feces and identified by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. H. pylori 16S rRNA and antigen were detected in yeast isolates by polymerase chain reaction and direct immunofluorescence assay. Genetic relationships of Candida strains isolated from seven mothers and their corresponding neonates were determined by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting and ITS alignment. The Candida isolates from four mother–neonate pairs had identical RAPD patterns and highly homologous ITS sequences. The current study showed H. pylori could be sheltered within yeast colonizing the vagina, and fecal yeast from neonates is genetically related to the vaginal yeast from their mothers. Thus, vaginal yeast presents a potential reservoir of H. pylori and plays a vital role in the transmission from mother to neonate.
Competency Framework for the Qualification of Facilitators of Mathematics
Authors: Peters-Dasdemir Joyce , Holzäpfel Lars , Barzel Bärbel , Leuders Timo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractContinuous professional development (CPD) is an increasingly significant field of research that focuses on the development of teachers’ competencies, knowledge, and skills as lifelong learning. It is essential that CPD be well-designed and professionally performed. CPD must both enhance the cognitive dimension of teachers’ competencies as well as make these competencies meaningful and manageable for their daily practice. In this regard, facilitators play a crucial role as external experts and must possess specific competencies to meet this manifold challenge. This chapter describes a competency framework for facilitators and their qualification which was intensively developed in an evolutionary process within an expert network (German Center for Teacher Education Mathematics—DZLM). The three-year development process was based on a literature review, considering literature since the framing provided by (Medley, 1987). The resulting competency framework for facilitators provides an orientation to concretize the specific competencies needed by facilitators to work effectively in CPD situations in mathematics. This contribution to the field of “mathematics teacher training and experience” (Medley’s Type J variable) characterizes the expertise of facilitators as an initial and presaging component in the transfer process of professionalizing mathematics teachers.
The Evolution of Research on Mathematics Teachers’ Competencies, Knowledge and Skills
Authors: Buchholtz Nils , Kaiser Gabriele , Schwarz Björn 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo assess the effectiveness of teachers and teaching, it is necessary to develop an appropriate understanding of what makes a “good” teacher. According to the framework by Medley, this includes amongst others focusing on the knowledge, skills, and values that a teacher possesses. To appropriately describe these competencies, current research departs from a broad conceptualization of competence that includes dispositional aspects, such as mathematical content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and general pedagogical knowledge. Furthermore, situation-specific skills that are related to school practice such as the perception of instructional quality, interpreting, and decision-making are considered. The chapter gives an overview of different conceptualizations of teachers’ professional competence used in mathematics education studies and describes the evolution of research on mathematics teachers’ competence over the last three decades. It concludes with theoretical and methodological challenges that research in this field focuses on today.
Differential operators and unifying relations for 1-loop Feynman integrands from Berends-Giele currents
Authors: Chen Qi , Tao Yi-Xiao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Our work focuses on utilizing the Berends-Giele currents to construct differential operators and unifying relations for 1-loop Feynman integrands. We successfully reproduce the known results for the unifying relations between Yang-Mills theory and Yang-Mills scalar theory, and extend the discussion to the (A)dS case for the scalar theory with minimal coupling to gluons.