bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis ofhigh‐performancemanganese oxide nanorod withZIF67as electrode material forlithium‐ionbatteries
Authors: Pal Raj Jeyakiruba , Annal Therese Helen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe demands of the upcoming energy storage technologies are ideally suited for nanomaterials with metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). MOFs are porous materials formed from organic linkers and metal ions offering promising properties for various applications due to their ability to construct finely tunable and homogenous pore architectures.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study is to synthesize MnO2with zeolitic imidazole framework 67 (ZIF67) and investigate its electrochemical performance.MethodsNanocomposites of MnO2@ZIF67 were successfully synthesized using a two‐step process involving the hydrothermal method followed by the precipitation method. The synthesized MnO2@ZIF67 nanocomposites were characterized using spectroscopic and microscopy techniques, including x‐ray diffractometry (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM).ResultsThe prepared nanocomposite exhibited an excellent specific capacity of 2629 mAh g−1during the first cycle, even at a high current rate of 1C (1000 mA g−1). After undergoing 100 cycles, the MnO2@ZIF67 demonstrated good stability and a reversible capacity of 147.3 mAh g−1at a 1C rate and a remarkable Coulombic efficiency of 96%.ConclusionThe excellent electrochemical performance of the nanocomposite can be attributed to its unique composite structure, which combines porous 3D polyhedra with nanorods. Based on its greater specific capacity, superior cyclability, and improved rate performance, the MnO2@ZIF67 nanocomposite is an effective anode material for lithium‐ion batteries.
Frailty and heart failure: State‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Talha Khawaja M. , Pandey Ambarish , Fudim Marat , Butler Javed , Anker Stefan D. , Khan Muhammad Shahzeb 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAt least half of all patients with heart failure (HF) are affected by frailty, a syndrome that limits an individual ability to recover from acute stressors. While frailty affects up to 90% of patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction, it is also seen in ~30–60% of patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, with ~26% higher prevalence in women compared with men. The relationship between frailty and HF is bidirectional, with both conditions exacerbating the other. Frailty is further complicated by a higher prevalence of sarcopenia (by ~20%) in HF patients compared with patients without HF, which negatively affects outcomes. Several frailty assessment methods have been employed historically including the Fried frailty phenotype and Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale to classify HF patients based on the severity of frailty; however, a validated HF‐specific frailty assessment tool does not currently exist. Frailty in HF is associated with a poor prognosis with a 1.5‐fold to 2‐fold higher risk of all‐cause death and hospitalizations compared to non‐frail patients. Frailty is also highly prevalent in patients with worsening HF, affecting >50% of patients hospitalized for HF. Such patients with multiple readmissions for decompensated HF have markedly poor outcomes compared to younger, non‐frail cohorts, and it is hypothesized that it may be due to major physical and functional limitations that limit recovery from an acute episode of worsening HF, a care aspect that has not been addressed in HF guidelines. Frail patients are thought to confer less benefit from therapeutic interventions due to an increased risk of perceived harm, resulting in lower adherence to HF interventions, which may worsen outcomes. Multiple studies report that <40% of frail patients are on guideline‐directed medical therapy for HF, of which most are on suboptimal doses of these medications. There is a lack of evidence generated from randomized trials in this incredibly vulnerable population, and most current practice is governed by post hoc analyses of trials, observational registry‐based data and providers' clinical judgement. The current body of evidence suggests that the treatment effect of most guideline‐based interventions, including medications, cardiac rehabilitation and device therapy, is consistent across all age groups and frailty subgroups and, in some cases, may be amplified in the older, more frail population. In this review, we discuss the characteristics, assessment tools, impact on prognosis and impact on therapeutic interventions of frailty in patients with HF.
Cyclic and torsional fatigue resistance of a new rotary file on a rotary and reciprocating motion
Authors: Só Gabriel Barcelos , Siocheta Giovana , Calefi Pedro , Alcalde Murilo , Vivan Rodrigo Ricci , Duarte Marco Antônio H. , Só Marcus Vinicius Reis , da Rosa Ricardo Abreu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated the cyclic and torsional fatigue resistance of a new nickel‐titanium (Flat File 25.04) instrument on the continuous and reciprocating motion. Sixty instruments of the ProDesign Logic2 25.03 and 25.05 (Easy Equipamentos Odontológicos, Belo Horizonte, Brazil), and MK Flat File 25.04 (n = 20) (MK Life, Porto Alegre, Brazil) were used. For the cyclic fatigue test, an artificial stainless steel simulated canal with an angle of 60° and a radius of curvature of 5 mm located 5 mm from its tip was used. The torque and rotation angle at the instruments' failure on the torsional fatigue test was based on the ISO 3630‐1 protocol, in which the 3 mm tip of each instrument was fixed and connected to an electric motor and a load cell. The fractured surface of each fragment was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Data were analyzed using a 1‐way analysis of variance and Tukey's test with a significance level of 5%. Flat File 25.04 had lower cyclic fatigue in both kinematics than the Logic instruments (p < .05). Reciprocating motion improved the cyclic fatigue of the tested instruments (p < .05). Flat File 25.04 had similar torque to Logic2 25.05 (p > .05), and both were superior to Logic2 25.03 (p < .05). The angular deflection values were different for the three tested instruments (p < .05), in the decreasing order: Logic2 25.03, 25.05, and Flat File 25.04. Flat File presented good resistance to cyclic and torsional fatigue resistance. Reciprocating motion improved the cyclic fatigue resistance of the instruments and can be considered when using programmable motors.Research HighlightsScanning electron microscopy evaluation of different endodontic rotary file and fatigue resistance tests.
Haplotype analysis and linkage disequilibrium of ApoB gene polymorphisms and its relationship with hyperlipidemia in patients with acne vulgaris
Authors: AbdElneam Ahmed Ibrahim , Alhetheli Ghadah , Al‐Dhubaibi Mohammed Saleh , Bahaj Saleh Salem 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic, multifactorial inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit brought on by hormonal imbalance, excessive sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, inflammation and Cutibacterium acne. Acne patients are characterized by alteration of the lipid profile. Apolipoprotein B gene (ApoB) plays an essential role in lipoprotein biosynthesis and multiple single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in ApoB are associated with dyslipidemia.AimThe aim of this study was to estimate the alteration of lipid profiles in AV, determine the genetic association with lipid profile alteration by studying the ApoB gene polymorphisms, and to identify the exact haplotypes associated with acne and lipid profile alteration.Subjects and MethodsIn a case–control study consisting of 63 non‐obese acne patients and 43 healthy controls, all participants underwent biochemical, anthropological assessments, and genetic analysis for ApoB polymorphisms.ResultOur results indicate that serum ApoB and the lipid profile were higher in acne patients compared with healthy subject. The most common haplotypes in acne patients were rs562338 A/rs17240441 I/c.12669 A/rs1042034 G, whereas the most common haplotypes in healthy subjects were rs562338 G/rs17240441 D/c.12669 A/rs1042034 G. Patients with mild acne had higher serum ApoB levels p = 0.005. Also, the low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) level was higher in mild acne compared with other acne groups, with a highly significant variation of p ≤ 0.001.ConclusionWe found a significant variation between the acne group and healthy controls in serum ApoB, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL‐C. The most common haplotypes in acne patients are rs562338 A/, rs17240441 I/, c.12669 A/ and rs1042034 G, and there is a linkage disequilibrium between the four selected SNPs.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated Azadirachta indica extract and study of their characterization, molecular docking, and antibacterial activity
Authors: Gawai Ashish A. , Kharat Amol R. , Chorge Shivani S. , Dhawale Sachin A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe green production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) produces AgNPs with minimum influence on the environment by using plant components such as alkaloids, carbohydrates, lipids, enzymes, flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyphenols as reducing agents. In the present investigation, Azadirachta indica leaf extract was used to form AgNPs from a 1 mM silver nitrate solution. The plan proved to be incredibly straightforward, cost‐effective, and effective. The production of the nanoparticles was observed visually, where the colorless fluid turns into a brown‐colored solution. Further research was carried out using x‐ray diffraction, Fourier‐transform infrared analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in addition to UV–visible spectroscopy. The size range of AgNPs determined by TEM was 10–30 nm. When the diffusion technique was employed to demonstrate the antibacterial effect of AgNPs on various pathogens, the zones of inhibition for Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Escherichia coli, when 50 g of AgNPs were used were 16, 12, and 17 mm, respectively. By examining the leakage of reducing sugars and proteins, the mechanism by which nanoparticle antibacterial properties were explored, showed that AgNPs were capable of lowering membrane permeability.
Development of a novel bispecific antibody GR1801 for rabies
Authors: Long Caifeng , Wang Wenbo , Hao Xiaobo , Yu Chuanfei , Feng Ye , Tu Changchun , Sun Sheng , Bian Lin , Liu Zhigang , Wang Lan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRabies is a zoonotic viral disease characterized by an almost 100% fatality rate once symptoms appear. However, it can be prevented through timely postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). Currently, there is a growing trend to replace polyclonal rabies immune globulin (RIG) with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in rabies PEP. In this study, we developed a human bispecific antibody, GR1801, by combining two mAbs, A2 and B353, which target distinct epitopes. GR1801 is an asymmetric immunoglobulin G1 molecule, with one arm (A2 targeting epitope III) in fragment antigen‐binding (Fab) form and the other arm (B353 targeting epitope I) in single‐chain variable fragment (scFv) form, constructed using Knobs‐into‐Holes technology. GR1801 demonstrated the ability to neutralize 90 naturally occurring rabies virus (RABV) glycoprotein antigenic variants, 21 pseudotyped, and 18 live street RABVs, exhibiting broad‐spectrum neutralizing activity. In vivo, GR1801 provided protection equivalent to that of human RIG in golden hamsters challenged with lethal RABV. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate the neutralization potency and breadth of GR1801, which can be a promising candidate drug for rabies PEP, and a comprehensive testing against a broad spectrum of Chinese prevalent RABVs will be investigated in great detail in the future for the in vitro and in vivo studies.
Di‐cumyl peroxide cross‐linked UHMWPE/vitamin‐E blend for total joint arthroplasty implants
Authors: Muratoglu Orhun K. , Asik Mehmet D. , Nepple Cecilia M. , Wannomae Keith K. , Micheli Brad R. , Connolly Rachel L. , Oral Ebru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMajority of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) medical devices used in total joint arthroplasty are cross‐linked using gamma radiation to improve wear resistance. Alternative methods of cross‐linking are urgently needed to replace gamma radiation due to rapid decline in its supply. Peroxide cross‐linking is a candidate method with widespread industrial applications. Oxidative stability and biocompatibility, which are critical requirements for medical device applications, can be achieved using vitamin‐E as an additive and by removing peroxide by‐products through high‐temperature melting, respectively. We investigated compression molded UHMWPE/vitamin‐E/di‐cumyl peroxide blends followed by high‐temperature melting in inert gas as a material candidate for tibial knee inserts. Wear resistance increased and mechanical properties remained largely unchanged. Oxidation induction time was higher than most of the other clinically available formulations. The material passed the local‐end point biocompatibility tests per ISO 10993. Compounds found in exhaustive extraction were of no concern with margin‐of‐safety values well above the accepted level, indicating a desirable toxicological risk profile. Statement of Clinical Significance: Peroxide cross‐linked, vitamin‐E stabilized, and high‐temperature melted UHMWPE has recently been cleared for clinical use in tibial knee inserts. With all the salient characteristics needed in a material that can provide superior long‐term performance in total joint patients, peroxide cross‐linking can replace the gamma radiation cross‐linking of UHMWPE.
Triple contrast computed tomography reveals site‐specific biomechanical differences in the human knee joint—A proof of concept study
Authors: Orava Heta , Paakkari Petri , Jäntti Jiri , Honkanen Miitu K. M. , Honkanen Juuso T. J. , Virén Tuomas , Joenathan Anisha , Tanska Petri , Korhonen Rami K. , Grinstaff Mark W. , Töyräs Juha , Mäkelä Janne T. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCartilage and synovial fluid are challenging to observe separately in native computed tomography (CT). We report the use of triple contrast agent (bismuth nanoparticles [BiNPs], CA4+, and gadoteridol) to image and segment cartilage in cadaveric knee joints with a clinical CT scanner. We hypothesize that BiNPs will remain in synovial fluid while the CA4+ and gadoteridol will diffuse into cartilage, allowing (1) segmentation of cartilage, and (2) evaluation of cartilage biomechanical properties based on contrast agent concentrations. To investigate these hypotheses, triple contrast agent was injected into both knee joints of a cadaver (N = 1), imaged with a clinical CT at multiple timepoints during the contrast agent diffusion. Knee joints were extracted, imaged with micro‐CT (µCT), and biomechanical properties of the cartilage surface were determined by stress‐relaxation mapping. Cartilage was segmented and contrast agent concentrations (CA4+ and gadoteridol) were compared with the biomechanical properties at multiple locations (n = 185). Spearman's correlation between cartilage thickness from clinical CT and reference µCT images verifies successful and reliable segmentation. CA4+ concentration is significantly higher in femoral than in tibial cartilage at 60 min and further timepoints, which corresponds to the higher Young's modulus observed in femoral cartilage. In this pilot study, we show that (1) large BiNPs do not diffuse into cartilage, facilitating straightforward segmentation of human knee joint cartilage in a clinical setting, and (2) CA4+ concentration in cartilage reflects the biomechanical differences between femoral and tibial cartilage. Thus, the triple contrast agent CT shows potential in cartilage morphology and condition estimation in clinical CT.
Corroborating the autoptic identification of archeological glyptics in museum collections: The contribution of portable Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Caggiani Maria Cristina , Cavarra Marco , Barone Germana , Coccato Alessia , Manenti Angela Maria , Mazzoleni Paolo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA collection of Hellenistic–Roman glyptics, kept at the Regional Archaeological Museum “Paolo Orsi” (Syracuse, Italy), was investigatedin situwith portable Raman spectroscopy with the aim of assessing the viability of this approach, not only for the immediate identification of the gemstones but also for a more in‐depth successive data treatment. At the same time, a corroboration of the autoptic identification of the materials, both archeological and belonging to historical collections, was looked for in order to verify and potentially correct what reported in the museum catalogue. Actually, most of the identifications could be confirmed, the glyptics being mainly made of chalcedony. Other materials found were garnet, glass, and amber. The larger group of chalcedony Raman spectra was subjected to principal components analysis treatment that, after appropriate pretreatment, resulted successful in separating spectra with higher or lower contribution of the band due to the presence of moganite and SiOH bonds. The garnet spectra were instead subjected to quantitative study to identify the main end member. Both the quick identifications and the more detailed studies on chalcedonies and garnets were achieved thanks to the nondestructive and noninvasive investigation, directlyin situ, with no sample preparation and minimal interference with the museum's activities.
Ultrasound treatment alleviates external pericarp browning and improves fruit quality of pomegranate during storage
Authors: Shi Jiangli , Wang Sen , Yao Jianan , Cui Mengyi , Hu Bingqian , Wang Jing , Li Fan , Wang Sa , Tong Ruiran , Li Ming , Song Chunhui , Wan Ran , Jiao Jian , Zheng Xianbo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDUltrasound treatment has a beneficial role in horticultural production from harvest to consumption. The quality traits and microbiological load in pomegranate fruit were explored during 30 days’ storage at 20 °C after 10 min and 30 min ultrasound treatments.RESULTSUltrasound treatment significantly reduced the microbiological load during storage, providing a relatively clean and suitable storage environment. This was especially true for the 30 min treatment, which also maintained relatively lower weight loss and kept the browning rate below 5% during storage. Meanwhile, the fruit treated with ultrasound had higher ascorbic acid and anthocyanin content, which provided better antibacterial properties and higher nutraceutical properties until the end of storage. The 30 min ultrasound treatment significantly delayed the decrease in catalase (CAT) enzyme activity and the increase in peroxidase (POD) enzyme activity. Combined with weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA), and correlation analysis, color indicators and antioxidant activity induced by ultrasound treatment were responsible for the relatively higher fruit quality of pomegranate.CONCLUSIONUltrasound treatment can improve the sensory quality and nutritional characteristics of pomegranate fruits during storage, and reduce the microbiological load. Ultrasound for 30 min was better than 10 min for prolonging the storage life of pomegranate. Our results will provide valuable information for ultrasound application in other horticultural products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Study on the non‐enzymatic browning of lotus rhizome juice during sterilization mediated by 1,2‐dicarboxyl and heterocyclic compounds
Authors: Sun Xianxian , Li Jie , Yan Shoulei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDLotus rhizome juice (LRJ) is susceptible to the Maillard reaction (MR) and caramelization, which tend to cause a reduction in quality and lower consumer acceptance of the product. 1,2‐Dicarbonyl compounds (DCs) and heterocyclic compounds have attracted increasing attention as key intermediates responsible for the formation of brown pigments during MR and caramelization. However, little is known about the effects of these two types of compounds on brown pigments in LRJ during sterilization. This study quantified the changes in brown intensity (A420), DCs, and heterocyclic compounds before and after spiking, and identified the precursors and intermediates for brown pigment formation as well as the formation pathways of the intermediates.RESULTSThe spiking experiments suggested that spiking with fructose resulted in more 3‐deoxyglucosone (3‐DG) and 2,3‐dihydro‐3,5‐dihydroxy‐6‐methyl‐4(H)‐pyran‐4‐one (DDMP), while that with lysine led to more glucosone (GS) and 2,3‐butanedione (2,3‐BD) in LRJ. The addition of glucose, asparagine, and glutamine promoted the formation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) significantly, whereas the addition of glucose, lysine, and asparagine resulted in more norfuraneol. Spiking with reducing sugars and amino acids promoted both glyoxal (GO) and methylglyoxal (MGO), and the effect of glucose on GO was particularly significant. Correlation analysis showed that A420 had the highest correlation with 3‐DG in the fructose‐ and lysine‐spiked group, and with HMF in the glucose‐, asparagine‐, and glutamine‐spiked groups.CONCLUSIONThis study revealed that fructose, glucose, asparagine, glutamine, and lysine were essential precursors of MR and caramelization in LRJ during sterilization. 3‐Deoxyglucosone and DDMP were mainly produced by caramelization with fructose as the primary precursor, whereas GS and 2,3‐BD were primarily formed via MR with lysine catalysis. The MR and caramelization were the main formation pathways of HMF (catalyzed by asparagine and glutamine) and norfuraneol (catalyzed by lysine and asparagine), with glucose as the critical precursor. Methylglyoxal was mainly produced by MR or caramelization, and caramelization was the main formation pathway of GO, with glucose as the precursor. Dor brown pigment formation from fructose and lysine, 3‐DG was identified as the most crucial intermediate, while for that from glucose, asparagine, and glutamine, HMF was found to be the most important intermediate. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Enhancement of quality and self‐defense capacity of Agaricus bisporus by UV‐C treatment
Authors: He Xingxing , Zhong Jingwei , Wei Ruhui , Li Huijuan , Li Jing , Ren Yanlin , Zhai Xinyu , Hu Wenwen , Guan Wenqiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAgaricus bisporus with a completely white appearance is popular with consumers. However, A. bisporus is susceptible to senescence and spoilage, which results in browning and oxidative tissue damage, with limited shelf life. This study investigated the effects of shortwave ultraviolet (UV‐C, 1.0 kJ m−2) irradiation on quality features, enzymatic browning, and defense properties of A. bisporus stored at 4 °C for 21 days.RESULTSAfter storage, UV‐C irradiated A. bisporus had increased quality of sensory, color and hardness characteristics; it exhibited higher content of total phenolic, brown melanin precursors, including γ‐glutaminyl‐4‐hydroxybenzene, γ‐glutaminyl‐3,4‐dihydroxybenzene and tyrosine, lower accumulation of malondiadehyde, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radical, and maintained membrane integrity in comparison to control samples. Besides, A. bisporus treated by UV‐C showed lower degree of browning and higher level of self‐defense capacity, which may be ascribed to the enhancement in activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, chitinase and β‐1,3‐glucanase activity, while inhibiting polyphenol oxidase activity during storage.CONCLUSIONThese results indicate that the higher self‐defense capacity with UV‐C treatment might be the mechanism associated with the delay of senescence in Agaricus bisporus. Therefore, UV‐C treatment is suggested as a potential practical application in mushrooms. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.