bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal hypoxia results in sex- and cell type-specific alterations in neonatal transcription in rat oligodendrocyte precursor cells, microglia, neurons, and oligodendrocytes
Authors: Kremsky Isaac , Ma Qingyi , Li Bo , Dasgupta Chiranjib , Chen Xin , Ali Samir , Angeloni Shawnee , Wang Charles , Zhang Lubo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Fetal hypoxia causes vital, systemic, developmental malformations in the fetus, particularly in the brain, and increases the risk of diseases in later life. We previously demonstrated that fetal hypoxia exposure increases the susceptibility of the neonatal brain to hypoxic-ischemic insult. Herein, we investigate the effect of fetal hypoxia on programming of cell-specific transcriptomes in the brain of neonatal rats.

Results
We obtained RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from neurons, microglia, oligodendrocytes, A2B5+ oligodendrocyte precursor cells, and astrocytes from male and female neonatal rats subjected either to fetal hypoxia or control conditions. Substantial transcriptomic responses to fetal hypoxia occurred in neurons, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and A2B5+ cells. Not only were the transcriptomic responses unique to each cell type, but they also occurred with a great deal of sexual dimorphism. We validated differential expression of several genes related to inflammation and cell death by Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Pathway and transcription factor motif analyses suggested that the NF-kappa B (NFκB) signaling pathway was enriched in the neonatal male brain due to fetal hypoxia, and we verified this result by transcription factor assay of NFκB-p65 in whole brain.

Conclusions
Our study reveals a significant impact of fetal hypoxia on the transcriptomes of neonatal brains in a cell-specific and sex-dependent manner, and provides mechanistic insights that may help explain the development of hypoxic-ischemic sensitive phenotypes in the neonatal brain.
Asymptotic behavior of plate equations driven by colored noise on unbounded domains
Authors: Yao Xiao Bin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates mainly the asymptotic behavior of the nonautonomous random dynamical systems generated by the plate equations driven by colored noise defined on$\mathbb{R}^{n}$Rn. First, we prove the well-posedness of the equation in the natural energy space. Secondly, we define a continuous cocycle associated with the solution operator. Finally, we establish the existence and uniqueness of random attractors of the equation by the uniform tail-ends estimates methods and the splitting technique.
Yeast hydrolysate attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier damage in weaned piglets
Authors: Fu Runqi , Liang Chan , Chen Daiwen , Tian Gang , Zheng Ping , He Jun , Yu Jie , Mao Xiangbing , Luo Yuheng , Luo Junqiu , Yu Bing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Intestinal inflammation is the main risk factor causing intestinal barrier dysfunction and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can trigger inflammatory responses in various eukaryotic species. Yeast hydrolysate (YH) possesses multi-biological effects and is received remarkable attention as a functional ingredient for improving growth performance and promoting health in animals. However, there is still inconclusive on the protective effects of dietary YH supplementation on intestinal barrier of piglets. This study was conducted to investigate the attenuate effects of YH supplementation on inflammatory responses and intestinal barrier injury in piglets challenged with LPS.

Methods
Twenty-four piglets (with an average body weight of 7.42 ± 0.34 kg) weaned at 21 days of age were randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatments (12 replications with one pig per pen): a basal diet or a basal diet containing YH (5 g/kg). On the 22nd d, 6 piglets in each treatment were intraperitoneally injected with LPS at 150 μg/kg BW, and the others were injected with the same amount of sterile normal saline. Four hours later, blood samples of each piglet were collected and then piglets were euthanized.

Results
Dietary YH supplementation increased average daily feed intake and average daily gain (P < 0.01), decreased the ratio of feed intake to gain of piglets (P = 0.048). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection induced systemic inflammatory response, evidenced by the increase of serum concentrations of haptoglobin (HP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Furthermore, LPS challenge resulted in inflammatory intestinal damage, by up-regulation of the protein or mRNA abundances of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-1β, toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and phosphor-nuclear factor-κB-p65 (p-NFκB-p65) (P < 0.01), and down-regulation of the jejunal villus height, the protein and mRNA abundances of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin (OCC; P < 0.05) in jejunal mucosa. Dietary YH supplementation decreased the impaired effects of ACTH, cortisol, HP, IL-1β and diamine oxidase in serum (P < 0.05). Moreover, YH supplementation also up-regulated the jejunal villus height, protein and mRNA abundances of ZO-1 and OCC (P < 0.05), down-regulated the mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β and the protein abundances of TNF-α, IL-1β, TLR4 and p-NFκB-p65 in jejunal mucosa in LPS-challenged pigs (P < 0.01).

Conclusion
Yeast hydrolysate could attenuate inflammatory response and intestinal barrier injury in weaned piglets challenged with LPS, which was associated with the inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway activation.

Graphical Abstract
Rendering algorithms for aberrated human vision simulation
Authors: Csoba István , Kunkli Roland 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVision-simulated imagery―the process of generating images that mimic the human visual system―is a valuable tool with a wide spectrum of possible applications, including visual acuity measurements, personalized planning of corrective lenses and surgeries, vision-correcting displays, vision-related hardware development, and extended reality discomfort reduction. A critical property of human vision is that it is imperfect because of the highly influential wavefront aberrations that vary from person to person. This study provides an overview of the existing computational image generation techniques that properly simulate human vision in the presence of wavefront aberrations. These algorithms typically apply ray tracing with a detailed description of the simulated eye or utilize the point-spread function of the eye to perform convolution on the input image. Based on the description of the vision simulation techniques, several of their characteristic features have been evaluated and some potential application areas and research directions have been outlined.
Post-Automation Poetics; or, How Cold-War Computers Discovered Poetry
Authors: Slater Avery 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article examines early Cold War attempts to generate poetry using computers. Set between the end of World War II and the rise of personal computing, computer-generated poetry from this period was shaped not only by artists but also the university lab, the defense-contactor, and the corporation. Computer-generated poetry from this era often participated in the larger project of fostering public conception of the power and prestige of computers. This ethos of “post-automation poetics” was also informed by computer science experiments with computation’s linguistic-processing powers—from machine translation to early AI. This article contextualizes the computer poetry of Alison Knowles, Nanni Balestrini, and others within the scientific concerns of mathematicians like Theo Lutz and linguists like Margaret Masterman. Framed by governmental power, university funding, and corporate ambition, “post-automation poetics” engages with computation’s relevance to literary production: from Cold War mainframes to contemporary large language models (LLMs) like GPT-3.
All the Microworld’s a Stage: Realism in Interactive Fiction and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Donahue Evan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEarly in the history of the field of artificial intelligence (AI), a paradigm known as microworlds emerged in which researchers constructed computer simulations of aspects of the real world from which their nascent AI systems could learn. Although microworlds were ultimately abandoned, AI researchers have recently called for their return, this time borrowing from the literary genre of interactive fiction, whose forms and conventions they might use to represent the world in text for the purpose of teaching machines to speak. This confluence of literary form and scientific method invites a closer examination of the relationship between word and world in AI research. The author argues for a reading of microworlds research and of AI more broadly through the lens of literary realism and through the literary texts that comprise its data sets and from which researchers expect artificially intelligent machines to learn about the world. The question of what kind of knowledge literature represents lies at the heart of AI research and thus presents an opportunity for a deeper engagement between AI research and literary, game, and media studies.
Investigation of the Interaction Between Au and Brookite TiO2 Using Transmission Electron Microscopy and Density Functional Theory
Authors: Tada Kohei , Hinuma Yoyo , Ichikawa Satoshi , Tanaka Shingo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Au/TiO2 systems are typical nano-gold catalysts and have been widely studied as models for functional nano-interfaces. The crystal shape is important for functional nano-interfaces and influences the activity and durability of Au/TiO2 catalysts. Of the three stable TiO2 crystal systems, rutile and anatase have been investigated thoroughly with respect to Au/TiO2 interfaces. However, knowledge of the Au/brookite TiO2 interaction is scarce. We prepared a Au/brookite TiO2 catalyst, which is active in low-temperature CO oxidation, and performed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of its interface structure. TEM revealed that the Au nano-particles were adsorbed on brookite TiO2 (101). This new Au/TiO2 interface has not yet been investigated theoretically. The TiO2 (101) slab model was optimised using theoretical density functional theory calculations, and the Au/brookite TiO2 (101) interaction was investigated. The calculated results revealed that brookite TiO2 (101) can adsorb Au atoms more strongly than the other TiO2 surfaces can. In Au/brookite TiO2, an O2−-Au+-O2− linear coordination structure can be formed, and 2 eV stabilisation can be achieved by surface complex formation. This result indicates that Au atoms can be anchored even on stoichiometric and non-polar surfaces without defect sites or doping.
Evaluation of ensemble strategy on the development of multiple view ankle fracture detection algorithm
Authors: Cheng Chi-Tung , Hsu Chih-Po , Ooyang Chun-Hsiang , Chou Chia-Yi , Lin Nai-Yu , Lin Jia-Yen , Ku Yi-Kang , Lin Hou-Shian , Kao Shao-Ku , Chen Huan-Wu , Wu Yu-Tung , Liao Chien-Hung 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To identify the feasibility and efficiency of deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) in the detection of ankle fractures and to explore ensemble strategies that applied multiple projections of radiographs.
Ankle radiographs (AXRs) are the primary tool used to diagnose ankle fractures. Applying DCNN algorithms on AXRs can potentially improve the diagnostic accuracy and efficiency of detecting ankle fractures.

Methods:
A DCNN was trained using a trauma image registry, including 3102 AXRs. We separately trained the DCNN on anteroposterior (AP) and lateral (Lat) AXRs. Different ensemble methods, such as “sum-up,” “severance-OR,” and “severance-Both,” were evaluated to incorporate the results of the model using different projections of view.

Results:
The AP/Lat model’s individual sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive value, accuracy, and F1 score were 79%/84%, 90%/86%, 88%/86%, 83%/85%, and 0.816/0.850, respectively. Furthermore, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of the AP/Lat model was 0.890/0.894 (95% CI: 0.826–0.954/0.831–0.953). The sum-up method generated balanced results by applying both models and obtained an AUROC of 0.917 (95% CI: 0.863–0.972) with 87% accuracy. The severance-OR method resulted in a better sensitivity of 90%, and the severance-Both method obtained a high specificity of 94%.

Conclusion:
Ankle fracture in the AXR could be identified by the trained DCNN algorithm. The selection of ensemble methods can depend on the clinical situation which might help clinicians detect ankle fractures efficiently without interrupting the current clinical pathway.

Advances in knowledge:
This study demonstrated different ensemble strategies of AI algorithms on multiple view AXRs to optimize the performance in various clinical needs.
Non-emergency medical transportation practice in Shanghai
Authors: Lu Weidong , Xu Wei , Shen Long 
Published: March 2023

Background: To describe the current landscape of non-emergency medical transportation (NEMT) services in China’s mainland, and analyze information obtained from a private NEMT company in Shanghai. Methods: With regards to the NEMT environment in China’s mainland, we collected relevant NEMT policies from the websites of local Health Commissions, and collected business operating data from a Chinese enterprise information query tool, Qichacha. With regards to NEMT service in Shanghai, we analyzed operating data from 3426 trips by a professional NEMT company. Descriptive statistics were used to explain the characteristics of NEMT trips, and log-linear analyses were performed to compare the trips inside Shanghai with trips to/from other areas. Results: Of the 3426 trips in this study, there were 2962 trips inside Shanghai (86.5%) and 464 trips to/from other areas (13.5%), and the number of trips to/from each province was related to the distance to Shanghai. When comparing transportation types between trips inside Shanghai and to/from other areas, there was a significant difference (χ2=144.87, p<0.001), with a significantly larger proportion of trips for discharge to/from other areas, and a significantly larger proportion of referrals in trips inside Shanghai. Over 50% of trips were to orthopedics-featured class A tertiary hospitals. Discussion and Conclusion: To lower the NEMT service costs and bring benefit to patients with a broader spectrum of diseases, medical insurance could completely or partially cover NEMT services, and companies could initiate rideshare services. Shanghai is an attractive place for patients, with the highest level of healthcare resources. Transportation combining high-speed trains and NEMT vehicles ensures patients who live further away can access health care in Shanghai.
Impact of blue light exposition to alertness of shift workers, patients with sleep deprivation, Alzheimer’s disease, or post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: Żołnierek Maja , Siekierko Nikola , Lubczyńska Zuzanna , Świętochowski Jakub , Lewandowski Mateusz , Kotusiewicz Wiktoria , Popravko Yevheniia , Bienia Grzegorz 
Published: March 2023

Introduction and purpose:

In certain professions it is necessary to work at night and to maintain alertness and concentration at that time. Additionally in some conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease and post-traumatic stress disorder sleep deprivation is both a symptom and an aggravating factor. A non-pharmacological method is needed to impact the maintenance of concentration and to help the workers adapt to shift work as well as improve their sleep quality. The purpose of this paper is to present recent scientific findings on the effects of blue light on improving concentration and attentiveness in shift workers and people suffering from sleep disorders, Alzheimer's disease, or post-traumatic stress disorder.

A brief description of the state of knowledge:
Circadian rhythm is a mechanism, which regulates daily functioning of humans and a variety of other species. Light exposure, especially to blue light, is the most crucial factor disrupting circadian consistency. The relationship between the time maladjustment, biological rhythms and factors from the outside world is called phase angle of entrainment.
Summary:

Studies conducted on various groups have shown the effectiveness of modified light interventions on concentration and focus during shift work at night.
Exposure to blue light appears to be a safe method that can improve work quality, concentration and focus in people who work at night. Exposure to light brings hope for improving the quality of life of people with Alzheimer's disease and maintaining their independence longer, which can ease the burden on their caregivers. Establishing some routine in the form of blue light exposure in people with post-traumatic stress disorder also appears to be an easy and accessible method for reducing the severity of PTSD symptoms, especially sleep disturbances.
Extended Generativity Theory on Digital Platforms
Authors: Fürstenau Daniel , Baiyere Abayomi , Schewina Kai , Schulte-Althoff Matthias , Rothe Hannes 
Published: March 2023

The assumption that generativity engenders unbounded growth has acquired an almost taken-for-granted position in information systems and management literature. Against this premise, we examine the relationship between generativity and user base growth in the context of a digital platform. To do this, we synthesize the literature on generativity into two views, social interaction (expansion of ecosystem boundaries) and product view (expansion of product boundaries), that jointly and individually relate to user base growth. Both views help us explain how opening a platform relates to the emergence and resolution of conflicting expectations in a platform ecosystem that result in new functions and expanded use. We adopt a panel vector autoregressive approach combining data from six large transaction platforms that engaged with open-source developer communities. We found that the dominant narrative of generativity engendering growth, although generally supported by our analysis, obscures the fact that the inverse is also true; that is, growth can lead to expansion of product boundaries (inverse generativity) and that generativity can be bounded; that is, growth can stabilize ecosystem boundaries (bounded generativity). Against this background, we propose an extended generativity theory that presents generativity and growth in an integrative view and raises awareness about the limitations of the “unbounded growth” claim. We conclude that there is value in separating the two views of generativity conceptually and analytically, along with their relationship to user base growth, and we call for research on the pathways through which generativity produces growth. History: Ola Henfridsson, Senior Editor; Robert Wayne Gregory, Associate Editor.
Health and Economic Impacts of Lockdown Policies in the Early Stage of COVID-19 in the United States
Authors: Boloori Alireza , Saghafian Soroush 
Published: March 2023

Lockdown policies, such as stay-at-home orders, are known to be effective in controlling the spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019. However, concerns over economic burdens of these policies rapidly propelled U.S. states to move toward reopening in the early stage of the pandemic. Decision making in most states has been challenging, especially because of a dearth of quantitative evidence on health gains versus economic burdens of different policies. To assist decision makers, we study the health and economic impacts of various lockdown policies across U.S. states and shed light on policies that are most effective. To this end, we make use of detailed data from 50 U.S. states plus the District of Columbia on various factors, including number of tests, positive and negative results, hospitalizations, ICU beds and ventilators used, residents’ mobility obtained from cellphone data, and deaths. Our analyses allow quantifying the total cost versus the total quality-adjusted life year (QALY) associated with various lockdown policies. We utilize a compartmental model with Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the spread of disease. To calibrate our model separately for each U.S. state, we make use of empirical data on the intensity of intervention policies, age, ratio of Black/Hispanic populations, per capita income, residents’ mobility, and number of daily tests and feed them to a longitudinal mixed-effect model. Finally, we utilize a microsimulation model to estimate the total cost and total QALY for each state and perform cost-effectiveness analysis to identify policies that would have worked best. Our results show that, compared with no intervention during March–June 2020, the policies undertaken across the United States saved, on average, about 41,284.51 years’ worth of QALY (per 100K capita), incurring $164.01 million (per 100K capita). Had the states undertaken more strict policies during the same time frame than those they adopted, these values would be 44,909.41 years and $117.28 million, respectively. By quantifying the impact of various lockdown policies separately for each state, our results allow federal and state authorities to avoid following a “one size fits all” strategy and instead enact policies that are better suited for each state. Specifically, by studying the trade-offs between health gains and economic impacts, we identify the particular states that would have benefited from implementing more restrictive policies. Finally, in addition to shedding light on the impact of lockdown policies during our study period (March–June 2020), our results have important implications on curbing future fast-spreading variants of the coronavirus or other related potential epidemics.Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/serv.2023.0321 .
Evidencing best practice for teaching empathy skills to healthcare professionals: literature review
Authors: Di Gesaro Antonella 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Research into patients’ perception of empathy has revealed that patients with stomas feel unsupported by healthcare professionals, who can lack an understanding of how it feels to live life with a stoma. A literature review was undertaken to explore what is the evidence for best practice for teaching empathy skills to healthcare professionals and how this can be applied to caring for people with a stoma. Search strategy: Included studies were required to explore teaching empathy or measuring levels of empathy in pre- and post-graduate nurses and in healthcare professionals caring for patients with a stoma. Excluded studies were those involving paediatric and mental health nursing, as these domains of nursing were considered to differ in clinical specialism and any other healthcare professional discipline outside the nursing profession such as doctors or allied healthcare professionals. Results: Given the number of articles reporting that empathy is lacking in stoma care, it is remarkable that so little original research has been carried out in this area, specifically the lack of qualitative research. A variety of interventions were used to assess empathy in pre- and post-graduate nurses, from multiple nations with diverse cultures. Conclusions: Results from the data revealed several themes for the best practice of teaching empathy skills to healthcare professionals, including essential nurse attributes, innate nurse characteristics, nurse experience and the contribution of experiential learning.