bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomics signature of epicardial adipose tissue for predicting postoperative atrial fibrillation after pulmonary endarterectomy
Authors: Liu Zhan , Deng Yisen , Wang Xuming , Liu Xiaopeng , Zheng Xia , Sun Guang , Zhen Yanan , Liu Min , Ye Zhidong , Wen Jianyan , Liu Peng 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to construct a radiomics signature of epicardial adipose tissue for predicting postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).MethodsWe reviewed the preoperative computed tomography pulmonary angiography images of CTEPH patients who underwent PEA at our institution between December 2016 and May 2022. Patients were divided into training/validation and testing cohorts by stratified random sampling in a ratio of 7:3. Radiomics features were selected by using intra- and inter-class correlation coefficient, redundancy analysis, and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator algorithm to construct the radiomics signature. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the discrimination, calibration, and clinical practicability of the radiomics signature. Two hundred-times stratified five-fold cross-validation was applied to assess the reliability and robustness of the radiomics signature.ResultsA total of 93 patients with CTEPH were included in this study, including 23 patients with POAF and 70 patients without POAF. Five of the 1,218 radiomics features were finally selected to construct the radiomics signature. The radiomics signature showed good discrimination with an AUC of 0.804 (95%CI: 0.664–0.943) in the training/validation cohort and 0.728 (95% CI: 0.503–0.953) in the testing cohorts. The average AUC of 200 times stratified five-fold cross-validation was 0.804 (95%CI: 0.801–0.806) and 0.807 (95%CI: 0.798–0.816) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The calibration curve showed good agreement between the predicted and actual observations. Based on the DCA, the radiomics signature was found to be clinically significant and useful.ConclusionThe radiomics signature achieved good discrimination, calibration, and clinical practicability. As a potential imaging biomarker, the radiomics signature of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) may provide a reference for the risk assessment and individualized treatment of CTEPH patients at high risk of developing POAF after PEA.
Digital preventive measures for arterial hypertension (DiPaH) – a mixed-methods study protocol for health services research
Authors: Bruch Dunja , Muehlensiepen Felix , May Susann , Wengemuth Eileen , Johannsen Olen , Reber Katrin Christiane , Blankenstein Eva-Lotta , Fleige Gerrit , Middeke Martin , Albes Johannes , Heinze Martin , Lehnen Marc , Spethmann Sebastian 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionDigital health measures promise to further improve the quality of cardiovascular care but have not yet been widely implemented in routine care. The research project Digital preventive measures for arterial hypertension (DiPaH) will systematically identify structural and individual factors in different stakeholders that influence the use of digital preventive measures in patients with arterial hypertension in Germany. Special focus is given to remote and sparsely populated areas, the age-specific impact, as well as influence of digital health literacy.Methods and analysisThe DiPaH project is an exploratory cross-sectional study with a mixed-methods design, in which written surveys and interviews with patients and physicians will be conducted. In addition, secondary data from a health insurance company will be analyzed. In module 1, individuals from the database of the health insurance company with confirmed arterial hypertension will be interviewed (1,600 questionnaires, 30 interviews). Module 2 includes users of digital prevention offers and apps (400 questionnaires, 40 interviews) and in module 3, family physicians and cardiologists will be interviewed (400 questionnaires, 40 interviews). In a final module, the overall results will be analyzed and recommendations for interventions in clinical care will be derived.DiscussionThe DiPaH project will contribute to a patient-oriented and demand-based improvement of arterial hypertension prevention services in health care. Challenges and barriers will be analyzed and the respective target groups identified based on their prevention needs and social characteristics to enable a patient-centered implementation of digital prevention of arterial hypertension and cardiovascular services in general, and finally to improve cardiovascular outcomes.Clinical trial registrationhttps://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00029761, identifier DRKS00029761.
Conscious sedation/monitored anesthesia care versus general anesthesia in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A meta-analysis
Authors: Hung Kuo-Chuan , Chen Jen-Yin , Hsing Chung-Hsi , Chu Chin-Chen , Lin Yao-Tsung , Pang Yu-Li , Teng I-Chia , Chen I-Wen , Sun Cheuk-Kwan 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundTo compare the merits and safety between conscious sedation/monitored anesthesia (CS/MAC) and general anesthesia (GA) for patients receiving transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).MeasurementsDatabases including EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to October 2022 to identify studies investigating the impact of CS/MAC on peri-procedural and prognostic outcomes compared to those with GA. The primary outcome was the association of CS/MAC with the risk of 30-day mortality, while secondary outcomes included the risks of adverse peri-procedural (e.g., vasopressor/inotropic support) and post-procedural (e.g., stroke) outcomes. Subgroup analysis was performed based on study design [i.e., cohort vs. matched cohort/randomized controlled trials (RCTs)].Main resultsTwenty-four studies (observational studies,n= 22; RCTs,n= 2) involving 141,965 patients were analyzed. Pooled results revealed lower risks of 30-day mortality [odd ratios (OR) = 0.66,p&lt; 0.00001, 139,731 patients, certainty of evidence (COE): low], one-year mortality (OR = 0.72,p= 0.001, 4,827 patients, COE: very low), major bleeding (OR = 0.61,p= 0.01, 6,888 patients, COE: very low), acute kidney injury (OR = 0.71,p= 0.01, 7,155 patients, COE: very low), vasopressor/inotropic support (OR = 0.25,p&lt; 0.00001, 133,438 patients, COE: very low), shorter procedure time (MD = −12.27 minutes,p= 0.0006, 17,694 patients, COE: very low), intensive care unit stay (mean difference(MD) = −7.53 hp= 0.04, 7,589 patients, COE: very low), and hospital stay [MD = −0.84 days,p&lt; 0.00001, 19,019 patients, COE: very low) in patients receiving CS/MAC compared to those undergoing GA without significant differences in procedure success rate, risks of cardiac-vascular complications (e.g., myocardial infarction) and stroke. The pooled conversion rate was 3.1%. Results from matched cohort/RCTs suggested an association of CS/MAC use with a shorter procedural time and hospital stay, and a lower risk of vasopressor/inotropic support.ConclusionCompared with GA, our results demonstrated that the use of CS/MAC may be feasible and safe in patients receiving TAVR. However, more evidence is needed to support our findings because of our inclusion of mostly retrospective studies.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022367417.
Moderated digital social therapy for young people with emerging mental health problems: A user-centered mixed-method design and usability study
Authors: van Doorn Marilon , Monsanto Anne , Boeschoten Cato M. , van Amelsvoort Thérèse , Popma Arne , Öry Ferko G. , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario , Gleeson John , Jaspers Monique W. M. , Nieman Dorien H. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionOver 25% of Dutch young people are psychologically unhealthy. Individual and societal consequences that follow from having mental health complaints at this age are substantial. Young people need care which is often unavailable. ENgage YOung people earlY (ENYOY) is a moderated digital social therapy-platform that aims to help youngsters with emerging mental health complaints. Comprehensive research is being conducted into the effects and to optimize and implement the ENYOY-platform throughout the Netherlands. The aim of this study is to explore the usability and user experience of the ENYOY-platform.MethodsA user-centered mixed-method design was chosen. 26 young people aged 16–25 with emerging mental health complaints participated. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore usability, user-friendliness, impact, accessibility, inclusivity, and connection (Phase 1). Phase 2 assessed usability problems using the concurrent and retrospective Think Aloud-method. User experience and perceived helpfulness were assessed using a 10-point rating scale and semi-structured interviews (Phase 3). The Health Information Technology Usability Evaluation Scale (Health-ITUES; Phase 1) and System Usability Scale (SUS; Phase 2 and 3) were administered. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Task completion rate and time were tracked and usability problems were categorized using the Nielsen's rating scale (Phase 2).ResultsAdequate to high usability was found (Phase 1 Health-ITUES 4.0(0.34); Phase 2 SUS 69,5(13,70); Phase 3 SUS 71,6(5,63)). Findings from Phase 1 (N = 10) indicated that users viewed ENYOY as a user-friendly, safe, accessible, and inclusive initiative which helped them reduce their mental health complaints and improve quality of life. Phase 2 (N = 10) uncovered 18 usability problems of which 5 of major severity (e.g. troubles accessing the platform). Findings from Phase 3 (N = 6) suggested that users perceived the coaching calls the most helpful [9(0.71)] followed by the therapy content [6.25(1.41)]. Users liked the social networking aspect but rated it least helpful [6(2.1)] due to inactivity.ConclusionThe ENYOY-platform has been found to have adequate to high usability and positive user experiences were reported. All findings will be transferred to the developmental team to improve the platform. Other evaluation methods and paring these with quantitative outcomes could provide additional insight in future research.
An approach to determine brittle upper crustal thinning: Insights into crustal extension discrepancy in the central part of Qiongdongnan Basin
Authors: He Chao , Zhao Zhongxian , Lee Eun Young , Xue Yulong 
Published: January 2023

Summing fault heaves is the most commonly used method to evaluate upper crustal thinning. However, since fault deformation width (W) is often assumed as a constant in the range of 75–150 km, the stretching factor estimated from fault geometry (βf) accompanies significant uncertainty. Here we propose a new approach to determine brittle stretching factors on the foundation of numerical analyses of W and further compare our results to previous methods, with specific reference to the central part of Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea (SCS). Our results suggest that the value of W is generally less than 80 km and mostly less than 50 km in the northern SCS margin. We confirm that applying an overestimated value of W can lead to an underestimated amount of fault-related extension and overstatement of extension discrepancy in the rifted margin. Results also indicate an inverse discrepancy with our new method in the southeast of the basin. The difference in syn-rift sediment thickness across the rifted margin likely drove the lower crust flow causing a transition between inverse and positive extension discrepancies.
Impact of urban expansion on grain production in the Japan Sea Rim region
Authors: Shen Xiaoli , Zhang Da , Nan Ying , Quan Yue , Yang Fengru , Yao Yuanhao 
Published: January 2023

The Japan Sea Rim (JSR) region is the core area for the future sustainable development of Northeast Asia. Effectively assessing the impact of urban expansion on grain production is of great significance for achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs), such as SDG2 Zero Hunger, and promoting sustainable development in Northeast Asia. Only a few studies have assessed the impact of urban expansion on grain production in the JSR. In this study, we initially analyzed urban expansion in the JSR for the period 1992 to 2050. Then, we assessed the impact of urban expansion on cropland net primary productivity (NPP) based on NPP data. Finally, we evaluated the impact of urban expansion on grain production in the JSR. The results indicated that urban land expanded from 21,509 km2 to 42,501 km2 in the JSR between 1992 and 2020 (an increase of 1.98 times), and the occupation of cropland caused by urban expansion resulted in a decrease of 2.21 million t in grain production. Urban land will continue to expand from 2020 to 2050, which will cause grain production to decrease by 1.68 (1.02–2.24) million t. China will experience the most serious loss of grain production, accounting for 62.93% (56.69–71.60%) of the total grain production loss in the JSR. Considering the situation for the period 1992–2020, the impact of urban expansion on grain production will be moderated in the future. Thus, the future grain production loss will be reduced by 24.18% (8.80–53.98%). However, future urban expansion will continue to have a negative impact on regional food security. Therefore, we suggest that urban development should be reasonably regulated and high-quality cropland should be protected. Meanwhile, we should strengthen international cooperation and optimize food and economic trade among different countries in the JSR to ensure food security and promote sustainable regional development.
Seismological reference earth model in South China (SREM-SC): Upper mantle
Authors: Tang Qingya , Sun Weijia , Hu Jiamin , Fu Li-Yun 
Published: January 2023

This work is the mantle component of constructing the Seismological Reference Earth Model in South China (SREM-SC). Although there has been a wide range of research for imaging the upper mantle structures beneath South China, most of them focus on the large-scale features of the upper mantle, and the depth resolution is insufficient for existing surface wave tomography models to distinguish anomalies below 200 km. This study aims to develop a 3-D upper mantle Seismological Reference Earth Model in South China based on the prior tomography models. The shear wave velocity model comes from the analysis of several seismic surface wave tomography, supplemented by body wave tomography and the P-wave velocity model is constructed by the conversion from S-wave velocity. The radial anisotropy model is calculated from the SV-wave and SH-wave velocity. The Density model of the upper mantle is derived using the empirical relationship linking the density to the shear-wave velocity. The model is grid with 0.5° × 0.5° in latitude and longitude and 5 km interval in depth from 60 to 300 km. The mantle component of Seismological Reference Earth Model in South China is expected to provide a good representation of the upper mantle structures for further detailed studies. The mantle component of Seismological Reference Earth Model in South China provides new insights into upper mantle structures that should be meaningful to reveal the dynamic mechanism and tectonic evolution of South China.
Underestimated increase and intensification of humid-heat extremes across southeast China due to humidity data inhomogeneity
Authors: Li Xuezhu , Chen Yang , Zhu Yani , Shi Yan , An Ning , Liao Zhen 
Published: January 2023

When co-occurring with elevated levels of ambient relative humidity (RH), hot extremes are more perceivable and consequently more health-damaging. Quantifying changes in humid-heat extremes has therefore gained considerable scientific and societal attention, but a fundamental yet critical aspect to the estimation—data reliability—has been largely downplayed in previous analysis. By comparing ∼10 observational and reanalysis datasets to fully-homogenized observations across China, we report ubiquitous inhomogeneity in RH series in these popularly-used datasets [including HadISD(H) and ERA5], which accordingly produce unrealistically strong drying trends 2–3 times the homogenized dataset-based estimate during 1979–2013 in warm-moist southeast China. Locally, an inhomogeneity-caused exaggeration of drying by a magnitude of 1% decade−1 translates into a significant underestimation of increasing rates for frequency and intensity of humid-heat extremes by more than 1.2 days decade−1 and .07% decade−1 respectively. From a regional perspective, these inhomogeneous records have underestimated the frequency increase of extremes by up to 2 days decade−1 and their intensification by up to .4°C decade−1 in southeast China. Extremes identified via homogenized and non-homogenized datasets also differ in the bivariate joint distribution structure, with former cases featuring similarly hot temperatures yet discernably lower humidity.
Variations and influencing factors of soil organic carbon during the tropical forest succession from plantation to secondary and old–growth forest
Authors: Xing Guitong , Wang Xiaofang , Jiang Yamin , Yang Huai , Mai Siwei , Xu Wenxian , Hou Enqing , Huang Xingzhao , Yang Qiu , Liu Wenjie , Long Wenxing 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionSoil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation changed with forest succession and hence impacted the SOC storage. However, the variation and underlying mechanisms about SOC during tropical forest succession are not fully understood.MethodsSoil samples at four depths (0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, 20–40 cm and 40–60 cm), litter, and roots of 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm were collected from three forest succession stages (plantation forest, secondary forest, and old– growth forest) in the Jianfengling (JFL) National Nature Reserve in Hainan Island, China. The SOC, soil enzyme activities, physiochemical properties, the biomass of litter and roots were analyzed.ResultsResults showed that forest succession significantly increased SOC at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm depth (from 23.00 g/kg to 33.70 g/kg and from 14.46 g/kg to 22.55 g/kg, respectively) but not at a deeper depth (20–60 cm). SOC content of the three forest succession stages decreased with increasing soil depth and bulk density (BD). With forest succession from plantation to secondary and old–growth forest, the soil pH at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm depth decreased from 5.08 to 4.10 and from 5.52 to 4.64, respectively. Structural equation model (SEM) results showed that the SOC at depths of 0–20 cm increased with total root biomass but decreased with increasing soil pH value. The direct positive effect of soil TP on SOC was greater than the indirect negative effect of decomposition of SOC by soil acid phosphatase (AP).DiscussionTo sum up, the study highlighted there was soil P– limited in tropical forests of JFL, and the increase in TP and total root biomass inputs were main factors favoring SOC sequestration during the tropical forest succession. In addition, soil acidification is of great importance for SOC accumulation in tropical forests for forest succession in the future. Therefore, forest succession improved SOC accumulation, TP and roots contributed to soil C sequestration.
A complex heterozygous mutation in PADI6 causes early embryo arrest: A case report
Authors: Zhang Ting , Liu Peng , Yao Guanfeng , Zhang Xin , Cao Cuijuan 
Published: January 2023

Background: The PADI6 gene is a component of the subcortical maternal effect complex (SCMC). Mutations in the PADI6 gene, which was the first gene discovered to impact the activation process of the human embryonic genome, have been shown to induce early embryo arrest.Case: A 29-year-old lady with primary infertility underwent in vitro fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET) for tubal reasons, who had normal hormone levels and ovarian reserve. A Progestin-Primed Ovarian Stimulation (PPOS) protocol of Ovarian stimulation with IVF was performed. The total of Gonadotropin (Gn) stimulation with u-FSH was 2100 IU, which lasted for 10 days. When three follicles measuring less than 18 mm in diameter were seen, r-hCG 250 ug and triptorelin acetate 0.2 mg were injected to trigger oocyte maturation. Nineteen oocytes (including thirteen MII oocytes) were picked up 37 h after the trigger, and seven of these were normal fertilized. Unfortunately, these many embryos were stopped at the 1- or 2-cell stage, hence this infertile patient’s IVF treatment won't result in an embryo transfer. Using whole-exome sequencing, a complex heterozygous mutation in PADI6 was discovered: c. 1247T&gt;C [p.Ile416Thr] in exon 12 of PADI6, and c. 2009_2010del [p.Glu670GlyfsTer48] in exon 17 of PADI6.Conclusion: We found a complex heterozygous mutation in the PADI6 gene (c. 1247T&gt;C; c. 2009_2010del) that caused embryos were arrested at the 1- or 2- cell stage. The discovery in this patient adds to the evidence showing the PADI6 gene mutation causes early embryo arrest in humans.
Impact of mouse model tumor implantation site on acquired resistance to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint therapy
Authors: Denis Morgane , Mathé Doriane , Micoud Manon , Choffour Pierre-Antoine , Grasselly Chloé , Matera Eva-Laure , Dumontet Charles 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe use of tumor subcutaneous (SC) implantations rather than orthotopic sites is likely to induce a significant bias, in particular, in the field of immunotherapy.MethodsIn this study, we developed and characterized MC38 models, implanted subcutaneously and orthotopically, which were either sensitive or rendered resistant to anti-PD1 therapy. We characterized the tumor immune infiltrate by flow cytometry at baseline and after treatment.Results and DiscussionOur results demonstrate several differences between SC and orthotopic models at basal state, which tend to become similar after therapy. These results emphasize the need to take into account tumor implantation sites when performing preclinical studies with immunotherapeutic agents.
Homoepitaxial growth of 3-inch single crystalline AlN boules by the physical vapor transport process
Authors: Wang Qikun , Lei Dan , Huang Jiali , Sun Xiaojuan , Li Dabing , Zhou Zhenxiang , Wu Liang 
Published: January 2023

Single crystalline aluminum nitride (sc-AlN or AlN) boules with a diameter of 3-inch (Φ76 mm) were successfully prepared by the physical vapor transport (PVT) process. The initial homoepitaxial growth run was performed on an aluminum nitride seed sliced from a Φ51 mm aluminum nitride boule, and diameter enlargement was conducted iteratively via the lateral expansion technique until a Φ76 mm boule was achieved. During the diameter expansion growth runs, the crystal shape transitioned from a hexagonal pyramid to a cylindrical pyramid. After the standard slicing and wafering processes, the as-obtained substrates were characterized by high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD), preferential chemical etching, and optical spectroscopy. The characterization results revealed that the aluminum nitride substrates showed good crystallinity and excellent UV transparency, although a slight quality deterioration was observed when the crystal size was expanded from Φ51 to Φ76 mm, while the deep-UV (DUV) transparency remained very similar to that of the aluminum nitride seeds. The Φ76 mm aluminum nitride boules obtained in this study are an important milestone towards achieving Φ100 mm (4-inch) aluminum nitride, which are essential for the rapid commercialization of deep-UV optoelectronics and ultra-wide bandgap (UWBG) electronics.