bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of calibration strategies for discrete element model in quasi-static elastic deformation
Authors: Liu Xianyang , Wang Qunwei , Wang Yongwei , Dong Qinxi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study first reviewed theories of the mechanical response of structures under loading, and the discrete element method provides a route for studying mechanical response including elastic deformation and structure failure. However, the direct acquisition of the microscopic parameters from the governing equations of the discrete element method via experiments encounters challenges. One possible strategy to obtain these microscopic parameters is parameter calibration that are widely used by researchers. Secondly, the governing equations and failure criterion of the discrete element method are summarized, and the microscopic parameters that would be calibrated are pinpointed. Next, the principles of classical calibration methods of discrete element method are explicated in detail, alongside the validation and discussion of their properties. Lastly, this study examined the applicability of calibrated parameters and points out that the size ratio, porosity, maximum radius, and minimum radius of particles should be identical in both the geometric calibration model and that for applications.
Estimating individual subjective values of emotion regulation strategies
Authors: Scheffel Christoph , Zerna Josephine , Gärtner Anne , Dörfel Denise , Strobel Alexander 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Individuals have a repertoire of emotion regulation (ER) strategies at their disposal, which they can use more or less flexibly. In ER flexibility research, strategies that facilitate goal achievement are considered adaptive and therefore are subjectively valuable. Individuals are motivated to reduce their emotional arousal effectively and to avoid cognitive effort. Perceived costs of ER strategies in the form of effort, however, are highly subjective. Subjective values (SVs) should therefore represent a trade-off between effectiveness and subjectively required cognitive effort. However, SVs of ER strategies have not been determined so far. We present a new paradigm for quantifying individual SVs of ER strategies by offering monetary values for ER strategies in an iterative process. N = 120 participants first conducted an ER paradigm with the strategies distraction, distancing, and suppression. Afterwards, individual SVs were determined using the new CAD paradigm. SVs significantly predicted later choice for an ER strategy (χ2 (4, n = 119) = 115.40, p < 0.001, BF10 = 1.62 × 1021). Further, SVs were associated with Corrugator activity (t (5, 618.96) = 2.09, p = 0.037, f2 = 0.001), subjective effort (t (5, 618.96) = − 13.98, p < 0.001, f2 = 0.035), and self-reported utility (t (5, 618.96) = 29.49, p < 0.001, f2 = 0.155). SVs were further associated with self-control (t (97.97) = 2.04, p = 0.044, f2 = 0.002), but not with flexible ER. With our paradigm, we were able to determine subjective values. The trait character of the values will be discussed.

Protocol registration
The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on July 19, 2022. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/FN9BT.
Alteration of functional connectivity despite preserved cerebral oxygenation during acute hypoxia
Authors: Bakker Marleen E. , Djerourou Ismaël , Belanger Samuel , Lesage Frédéric , Vanni Matthieu P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractResting state networks (RSN), which show the connectivity in the brain in the absence of any stimuli, are increasingly important to assess brain function. Here, we investigate the changes in RSN as well as the hemodynamic changes during acute, global hypoxia. Mice were imaged at different levels of oxygen (21, 12, 10 and 8%) over the course of 10 weeks, with hypoxia and normoxia acquisitions interspersed. Simultaneous GCaMP and intrinsic optical imaging allowed tracking of both neuronal and hemodynamic changes. During hypoxic conditions, we found a global increase of both HbO and HbR in the brain. The saturation levels of blood dropped after the onset of hypoxia, but surprisingly climbed back to levels similar to baseline within the 10-min hypoxia period. Neuronal activity also showed a peak at the onset of hypoxia, but dropped back to baseline as well. Despite regaining baseline sO2 levels, changes in neuronal RSN were observed. In particular, the connectivity as measured with GCaMP between anterior and posterior parts of the brain decreased. In contrast, when looking at these same connections with HbO measurements, an increase in connectivity in anterior–posterior brain areas was observed suggesting a potential neurovascular decoupling.
Objective wearable measures correlate with self-reported chronic pain levels in people with spinal cord stimulation systems
Authors: Patterson Denis G. , Wilson Derron , Fishman Michael A. , Moore Gregory , Skaribas Ioannis , Heros Robert , Dehghan Soroush , Ross Erika , Kyani Anahita 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpinal Cord Stimulation (SCS) is a well-established therapy for treating chronic pain. However, perceived treatment response to SCS therapy may vary among people with chronic pain due to diverse needs and backgrounds. Patient Reported Outcomes (PROs) from standard survey questions do not provide the full picture of what has happened to a patient since their last visit, and digital PROs require patients to visit an app or otherwise regularly engage with software. This study aims to assess the feasibility of using digital biomarkers collected from wearables during SCS treatment to predict pain and PRO outcomes. Twenty participants with chronic pain were recruited and implanted with SCS. During the six months of the study, activity and physiological metrics were collected and data from 15 participants was used to develop a machine learning pipeline to objectively predict pain levels and categories of PRO measures. The model reached an accuracy of 0.768 ± 0.012 in predicting the pain intensity of mild, moderate, and severe. Feature importance analysis showed that digital biomarkers from the smartwatch such as heart rate, heart rate variability, step count, and stand time can contribute to modeling different aspects of pain. The results of the study suggest that wearable biomarkers can be used to predict therapy outcomes in people with chronic pain, enabling continuous, real-time monitoring of patients during the use of implanted therapies.
Sexual dimorphism in the social behaviour of Cntnap2-null mice correlates with disrupted synaptic connectivity and increased microglial activity in the anterior cingulate cortex
Authors: Dawson Matt S. , Gordon-Fleet Kevin , Yan Lingxin , Tardos Vera , He Huanying , Mui Kwong , Nawani Smriti , Asgarian Zeinab , Catani Marco , Fernandes Cathy , Drescher Uwe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA biological understanding of the apparent sex bias in autism is lacking. Here we have identified Cntnap2 KO mice as a model system to help better understand this dimorphism. Using this model, we observed social deficits in juvenile male KO mice only. These male-specific social deficits correlated with reduced spine densities of Layer 2/3 and Layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex, a forebrain region prominently associated with the control of social behaviour. Furthermore, in male KO mice, microglia showed an increased activated morphology and phagocytosis of synaptic structures compared to WT mice, whereas no differences were seen in female KO and WT mice. Our data suggest that sexually dimorphic microglial activity may be involved in the aetiology of ASD, disrupting the development of neural circuits that control social behaviour by overpruning synapses at a developmentally critical period.
Behavioral thermoregulation by reptile embryos promotes hatching success and synchronization
Authors: Liu Shuo , Zhao Bo , Gu Xiaoting , Du Weiguo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReptile embryos can move inside eggs to seek optimal thermal conditions, falsifying the traditional assumption that embryos are simply passive occupants within their eggs. However, the adaptive significance of this thermoregulatory behavior remains a contentious topic. Here we demonstrate that behavioral thermoregulation by turtle embryos shortened incubation periods which may reduce the duration of exposure to dangerous environments, decreased egg mortality imposed by lethally high temperatures, and synchronized hatching which reduces predation risk. Our study provides empirical evidence that behavioral thermoregulation by turtle embryos is adaptive.
Standardized Procedures for Patients with Dysplasia and Other Diseases of the Cervix, Vulva, and Vagina at a Certified Dysplasia Unit Prior to the Introduction of the
Organized Cervical Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Schulmeyer Carla E. , Koch Martin C. , Dietl Anna K. , Stuebs Frederik A. , Behrens Annika , Renner Simone K. , Mehlhorn Grit , Geppert Carol C. , Hartmann Arndt , Beckmann Matthias W. , Gass Paul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction Gynecologic dysplasia units and dysplasia consultations are obliged to offer diagnosis and treatment in accordance with the guidelines. The organization of the
consultation process, management of patient appointments, diagnosis, and treatment algorithms are heterogeneous. The legislation arising from the new Federal Joint Committee decision, dated
22 November 2018, concerning the organized cervical cancer screening program has been in force since 1 January 2020. In this article we provide an overview of the existing structures and
interdisciplinary cooperation of specialized dysplasia units incorporated in certified gynecologic cancer center.
Materials and Methods We carried out a retrospective database search of data collected prospectively from 1 July 2014 to 31 December 2019 at the dysplasia unit at the Department of
Gynecology and Obstetrics, Erlangen University Hospital, which was the first dysplasia unit to be certified in 2014.
Results A total of 5594 patients presented at the unit, and 16061 colposcopic, vulvoscopic, and anoscopic examinations were performed. Approximately 4100 examinations of the cervix,
vagina, vulva, and anus are carried out each year, 1600 of these were exclusively cervix colposcopies. A total of 12197 cytology results were assessed, as well as 4850 histology results, and
8193 high-risk HPV tests. The quality indicators required by the dysplasia unit for annual recertification were met each year.
Conclusion Certified dysplasia units and consultations form the central component in the algorithm for further investigating abnormal screening results; but they are also the first
point of contact for a large number of patients with acute or chronic complaints in the genital region.
Workplace-based knowledge exchange programmes between academics, policymakers and providers in the health and social care sector: a scoping review and mapping exercise
Authors: Kumpunen Stephanie , Bridgwood Bernadeta , Irving Greg , Amuthalingam Thuvarahan , Matthews Jake , Pettigrew Luisa M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractKnowledge mobilisation can be achieved through various routes. This can include immersive, in-person time spent in a different workplace with people from other disciplines or sub-sectors. By doing so participants mobilise and exchange knowledge through observing the dynamics of a different workplace; by learning directly from others with different expertise and/or through sharing their own expertise. We have called this form of knowledge exchange ‘Workplace-based Knowledge Exchange Programmes’ (WKEPs) and have focused on their role in the health and care sector because of the importance of knowledge mobilisation in this field yet their relatively low profile in the literature. This study explores the main characteristics of WKEPs among academics, providers, and policymakers in the health and care sector in the United Kingdom (UK) through a scoping review and mapping exercise. We systematically identified 147 academic articles (between 2010 and 2022) and 74 websites which offered WKEPs as part of, or all of, their knowledge mobilisation activities (between 2020 and 2022). Characteristics were grouped into structures, processes, and outcomes. WKEPs lasted between one day and five years and were mostly uni-directional. Exchange ambitions varied, aiming to benefit both the participants and their working environments. They commonly aimed to build networks or collaborations, improve understanding of another field and bring back knowledge to their employer, as well as improve leadership and management skills. Almost all programmes were for healthcare providers and academics, rather than social care providers or policymakers. In-person WKEP activities could be categorised into four domains: ‘job shadowing’, ‘work placements’, ‘project-based collaborations’, and ‘secondments’. The aims of many of the WKEPs were not clearly described and formal evaluations were rare. We used the findings of this study to develop a framework to describe WKEP activities. We suggest the use of common language for these activities to aid participation and research, as well as recommending principles for the comprehensive advertising of WKEPs and reporting of experiences after participation in WKEPs. We recommend the establishment of an online repository to improve access to WKEPs. These resources are necessary to strengthen understanding and the effectiveness of WKEPs as a mechanism for knowledge mobilisation.
Alignment variations in the diachrony of Basque
Authors: Mounole Céline 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Besides highly grammaticalized analytic verb forms that constitute the system’s main tense, aspect, and mood
forms, Basque has a handful of less grammaticalized periphrases for secondary aspectual and modal meanings. In both older and more
recent texts, some of these periphrases have been reanalyzed as monoclausal and readjusted in accordance with the auxiliated
verb’s argument structure. This readjustment or actualization process involves changes in two respects: case-marking and
indexation through auxiliary change. The reanalysis and actualization of theses periphrases seem to be driven by analogy with
highly extended and frequent analytic verb forms. With regard to their actualization, it seems to depend on three factors: word
order, valency of the auxiliated verb, and plural patient agreement.
The irreversibility of relativistic time-dilation
Authors: Basso Marcos L W , Maziero Jonas , Céleri Lucas C 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The fluctuation relations, which characterize irreversible processes in nature, are among the most important results in non-equilibrium physics. In short, these relations say that it is exponentially unlikely for us to observe a time-reversed process and, thus, establish the thermodynamic arrow of time pointing from low to high entropy. On the other hand, fundamental physical theories are invariant under time-reversal symmetry. Although in Newtonian and quantum physics the emergence of irreversible processes, as well as fluctuation relations, is relatively well understood, many problems arise when relativity enters the game. In this work, by considering a specific class of spacetimes, we explore the question of how the time-dilation effect enters into the fluctuation relations. We conclude that a positive entropy production emerges as a consequence of both the special relativistic and the gravitational (enclosed in the equivalence principle) time-dilation effects.
Constraints on charged symmergent black hole from shadow and lensing
Authors: Puliçe Beyhan , Pantig Reggie C , Övgün Ali , Demir Durmuş 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we report on exact charged black hole solutions in symmergent gravity with Maxwell field. Symmergent gravity induces the gravitational constant G, quadratic curvature coefficient

c

O

, and the vacuum energy

V

O

from the flat spacetime matter loops. In the limit in which all fields are degenerate in mass, the vacuum energy

V

O

can be expressed in terms of G and

c

O

. We parametrize deviation from this limit by a parameter

α
ˆ

such that the black hole spacetime is de Sitter (dS) for

α
ˆ

<
1

and anti-de Sitter (AdS) for

α
ˆ

>
1

. In our analysis, we study horizon formation, shadow cast and gravitational lensing as functions of the black hole charge, and find that there is an upper bound on the charge. At relatively low values of charge, applicable to astronomical black holes, we determine constraints on

c

O

and

α
ˆ

using the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) data from Sgr. A* and M87*. We apply these constraints to reveal how the shadow radius behaves as the observer distance

r

O

varies. It is revealed that black hole charge directly influences the shadow silhouette, but the symmergent parameters have a tenuous effect. We also explored the weak field regime by using the Gauss–Bonnet theorem to study the weak deflection angle caused by the M87* black hole. We have found that impact parameters comparable to the actual distance D = 16.8 Mpc show the potential detectability of such an angle through advanced astronomical telescopes. Overall, our results provide new insights into the behavior of charged black holes in the context of symmergent gravity and offer a new way to test these theories against observational data.
Effect of solar free oscillations on TianQin’s range acceleration noise
Authors: Liu Kun , Luo Chengjian , Zhang Xuefeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
TianQin is a proposed space-based gravitational-wave detector mission to be deployed and operated in high Earth orbits. As a sequel to Zhang et al (2021 Phys. Rev. D 103 062001), we investigate a type of ‘orbital noise’ in TianQin’s range acceleration that is caused by gravitational perturbation associated with solar free oscillations. Frequencies of such oscillations are typically within TianQin’s measurement band of 0.1 mHz–1 Hz, and the disturbance level needs careful assessment. By using high-precision orbit propagation and adding the Sun’s time-variable oblateness J
2 to detailed gravity-field models, we examine the effect in the frequency domain and show that the solar free oscillation noise is expected to be two orders of magnitude lower than the noise requirement on single links and hence has little impact on the mission.
Petrov classification of analogue spacetimes
Authors: Baak Sang-Shin , Datta Satadal , Fischer Uwe R 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In an effort to invariantly characterize the conformal curvature structure of analogue spacetimes built from a nonrelativistic fluid background, we determine the Petrov type of a variety of laboratory geometries. Starting from the simplest examples, we increase the complexity of the background, and thereby determine how the laboratory fluid symmetry affects the corresponding Petrov type in the analogue spacetime realm of the sound waves. We find that for more complex flows isolated hypersurfaces develop, which are of a Petrov type differing from that of the surrounding fluid. Finally, we demonstrate that within the incompressible background approximation, as well as for all compressible quasi-one-dimensional flows, the only possible Petrov types are the algebraically general type I and the algebraically special types O and D.
Irreversibility of sudden processes: compression versus expansion in perfect gases
Authors: Vallejo Andrés , Osorio Matías 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We focus on the study of the processes undergone by a perfect gas when the external pressure is suddenly modified. The analysis shows that, from the second law perspective, there is a non-evident asymmetry between the processes of compression and expansion between the same pressures, which is manifested through different levels of entropy production. If the system remains in contact with a thermal reservoir during the processes this asymmetry is remarkable, since while entropy grows linearly with the relative change of pressure during the compression, the relation between those variables is logarithmic during the expansion.
Impurity-driven simultaneous size and crystallinity control of metal nanoparticles
Authors: Shiomi Shohei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Both the size and crystallinity should be optimized for practical applications utilizing metallic nanoparticles because they strongly influence the nanoparticles property. Herein a liquid phase chemical reduction method controls the defects (crystallinity) in metallic Cu nanoparticles simply and easily. Although the addition of an impurity substance, which cannot be thermodynamically alloyed with Cu, reduces the crystallinity of synthesized Cu nanoparticles, it also affects the deposition behavior, and consequently, the nanoparticle size changes unexpectedly. Therefore, a precise control of the synthesis condition is required to synthesize the nanoparticles having optimal size and crystallinity. To clarify the nanoparticle formation mechanism in an impurity-containing solution, the catalytic activity of the reductant and the redox potential change due to the metastable product are electrochemically evaluated to reveal the correlation between nanoparticle formation behavior and synthesis condition. Finally, the synthesis of two types of Cu nanoparticles, which have similar sizes but different crystallinities is demonstrated. This simple nanomaterial design approach to control the crystallinity and the interpretation of the deposition process in an impurity-containing condition should be widely applicable to metallic nanoparticle syntheses.
MCSF-Net: a multi-scale channel spatial fusion network for real-time polyp segmentation
Authors: Liu Weikang , Li Zhigang , Xia Jiaao , Li Chunyang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a globally prevalent cancer type that necessitates prompt screening. Colonoscopy is the established diagnostic technique for identifying colorectal polyps. However, missed polyp rates remain a concern. Early detection of polyps, while still precancerous, is vital for minimizing cancer-related mortality and economic impact. In the clinical setting, precise segmentation of polyps from colonoscopy images can provide valuable diagnostic and surgical information. Recent advances in computer-aided diagnostic systems, specifically those based on deep learning techniques, have shown promise in improving the detection rates of missed polyps, and thereby assisting gastroenterologists in improving polyp identification. In the present investigation, we introduce MCSF-Net, a real-time automatic segmentation framework that utilizes a multi-scale channel space fusion network. The proposed architecture leverages a multi-scale fusion module in conjunction with spatial and channel attention mechanisms to effectively amalgamate high-dimensional multi-scale features. Additionally, a feature complementation module is employed to extract boundary cues from low-dimensional features, facilitating enhanced representation of low-level features while keeping computational complexity to a minimum. Furthermore, we incorporate shape blocks to facilitate better model supervision for precise identification of boundary features of polyps. Our extensive evaluation of the proposed MCSF-Net on five publicly available benchmark datasets reveals that it outperforms several existing state-of-the-art approaches with respect to different evaluation metrics. The proposed approach runs at an impressive ∼45 FPS, demonstrating notable advantages in terms of scalability and real-time segmentation.