bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Oroauricular Fistula After Mandibular Osteosarcoma Resection
Authors: Tapan Mehmet , İsler Vedat Can , Akman Ramazan Furkan , Özkan Özlenen , Özkan Ömer 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionBone tumors are rare malignancies and osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone
tumor. However, only 6% of all osteosarcomas occur in the mandible and
maxilla 1. The location of these tumors also
presents a unique set of challenges during resection and repair when compared to
long bone tumors.
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in
Children Born Small for Gestational Age
Authors: Wu Wei , Gong Chunxiu , Li Yuchuan , Hu Yuhua , Gong Haihong , Fu Junfen , Huang Ke , Li Pin , Luo Xiaoping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is a lack of long-term data on the benefit of growth hormone (GH) treatment
in Chinese children born small for gestational age (SGA). This study was
conducted to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of GH treatment in
children born SGA. One hundred and twenty prepubertal SGA children who did not
achieve catch-up growth with height remained less than –2 standard
deviations (SD) below gender-specific height were enrolled in this two-year,
randomized, dose-comparative study followed by an extension study of up to 10
years. Daily subcutaneous injections of 0.23 mg/kg/week
[low-dose (LD) group] or 0.46 mg/kg/week [high-dose (HD)
group] somatropin were given for 104 weeks. Dosing in the extension study
was≤0.46 mg/kg/week. The main outcome measures
were change in height SD score (ΔHT-SDS), height velocity, insulin-like
growth factor (IGF)-1, and IGF-1/IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) molar
ratio. ΔHT-SDS at week 104 was 0.91±0.53 and 1.52±0.64
in the LD and HD groups (intergroup p<0.0001), respectively, and
continued in an upward trend throughout the extension study, remaining
above+2 for those who received treatment for a total of 7 years or more.
At week 104, significant improvements were observed in height velocity, IGF-1
SDS, and IGF-1/IGFBP-3 molar ratio. Adult HT-SDS was
–0.81±1.68 for boys and –0.82±1.05 for girls
(p=0.9837). Glucose metabolism and thyroid function were within the
normal reference range throughout treatment. Long-term recombinant human GH
treatment was tolerable and effective at improving height in children born
SGA.
Ultrasonography in Children With Congenital Pyriform Sinus Fistula:
Analysis of 31 Cases
Authors: Liu Lei , Wang Ruijie , Zheng Qiuying , Xie Fusui , Liu Tingting , Lin Zhouqin , Zhou Jingran , Wu Zebin , Zhao Cailei , Xie Haiyang , Lin Zhou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives Congenital pyriform sinus fistula (CPSF) is a rare disease that
can be easily misdiagnosed. This study investigates the value of ultrasonography
in the early diagnosis and treatment of CPSF in children.
Methods Clinical features and ultrasonography images of 31 CPSF pediatric
patients confirmed by operation were retrospectively analyzed, different
sonographic features during the infection period and the quiescence period were
summarized and the consistency test of ultrasonic recognition and diagnosis
between observers was conducted.
Results In this study, 25 CPSF children had thick-walled cystic masses
during the infection period, and cystic masses of 8 cases showed gas echo
inside; after the modified valsalva maneuver, gas echo was found in another 5
cases. The detection rate of gas can be enhanced through the modified valsalva
maneuver and infants’ cry so as to provide an important basis for the
diagnosis of pyriform sinus fistula. During the quiescent period of inflammation
of 6 cases, fistula can be completely shown, and the wall structure has not been
completely destroyed, so that the running position of fistula can be clearly
seen. Ultrasonography boasted a good inter-observer consistency in
identification and determination (Kappa:0.799–0.857;
P<0.001).
Conclusion Ultrasonography could clearly reveal the position and direction
of CPSF fistula. Different ultrasonic characteristics in different periods could
provide relevant information for the selection of clinical operation timing and
evaluate the post-operative effects.
5 Years Experience of 102 Palatoplasties with Speech Assessment
Authors: Dar M.A. , Darzi M.A. , Chowdri N.A. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryIn a study carried over a five year period, 102 patients of cleft palate were studied for assessment of surgical results including speech development, 48 patients had group II (post alveolar) clefts and 54 patients belonged to group III (alveolar) clefts. Middle ear problems were seen in 11.65 percent of patients. In group II patients cleft was repaired by V-Y push-back palatoplasty and in group III patients with four flap technique. There was no operative mortality. Post operative complications occurred in 6.86 percent of patients. 81 patients could be evaluated for surgical results out of which 60 patients above the age of four years were assessed for speech development. 70 percent of patients had adequate length and mobility and 10 percent had short immobile palates. 60 percent of patients achieved acceptable and 40 percent unacceptable speech. Speech results were better in group II clefts than in group III clefts.
Quantitative simulation of electron beam’s focal spot in thermionic emission
Authors: Teymouri Hadi , Fathi Mohammad Bagher 
Published: September 2023

The focal spot size of an electron beam in x-ray photography lamps, which is formed on the anode, has an important effect on the contrast of x-ray images. Usually, the grid is used in x-ray production lamps only to stop or regulate the current of the electron beam, but its effect on the dimensions and size of the focal spot has not been investigated. In this article, we have calculated the electron beam current in a thermionic mode at three temperatures, 2300, 2500, and 2800 K, for a voltage difference of 50 and 100 kV. Our results show that in a thermionic regime without grid (T mode), a larger focal spot is obtained, but in a thermionic regime with grid (TG mode), the focal spot size is smaller. The result that the focal spot of the TG mode is smaller than the focal spot of the T mode was obtained independently of temperature and potential difference. The results of thermionic tracking emission models (T and TG) are compared for different temperatures in the form of three graphs, and we will show that these two regimes have differences in the dimensions of the focal spot formed in each case and that the TG mode gives better results.
Salinity, alkalinity and their combined stress effects on germination and seedling growth attributes in oats (Avena sativa)
Authors: Ahmed Shahid , Patel Richa , Singhal Rajesh Kumar , Kumar Neeraj , Rana Maneet , I Indu , Chand Subhash , Chandra Amaresh 
Published: September 2023

Context Under natural field conditions, plants confront the co-occurrence of stresses. A comprehensive insight into combined-stress tolerance is requisite to developing stress resilience in cultivars of oats (Avena sativa L.) for saline–alkaline soil. Aims This study was undertaken to characterise diverse oat genotypes for seedling growth attributes under two saline and alkaline concentrations and under combined saline–alkaline conditions. Methods We screened 105 accessions of the genus Avena with the following treatments: control, reverse osmosis water; moderate salinity (50 mM); high salinity (100 mM); moderate alkalinity (15 mM); high alkalinity (30 mM); combined moderate salinity–alkalinity (50 mM + 15 mM); and combined high salinity–alkalinity (100 mM + 30 mM). For saline treatments, NaCl and Na2SO4 salts were used in equimolar concentrations, and for alkaline treatments, NaHCO3 and Na2CO3. Key results Analysis of variance showed significant (P ≤ 0.001) variation among treatments and genotypes. Principal component analysis revealed 83.3% of the total genetic variation accounted for in the first two principal components. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between final germination percentage and seedling vigour index. Stress tolerance index identified tolerant and sensitive oat genotypes under high saline and alkaline stress, and multi-trait stability analysis confirmed the stability of performance of some genotypes under the imposed treatments. Conclusions According to the stress tolerance index and multi-trait stability analysis, genotypes IG-20-477, OS-377, IG-20-798 and IG-20-575 were found suitable for high saline–alkaline stress. Implications The identified tolerant oat genotypes can be used as donors for the development of stress-resilient oat cultivars, and for generating mapping populations in oat.
The diachronic and cross-linguistic use of trade metaphors in U.S.-China governmental discourse
Authors: Tan Xiaojuan , Cienki Alan , Kaal Bertie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article compares diachronic and cross-linguistic uses of source domains for framing the target domain of
trade in governmental discourses under the presidencies of Bill Clinton, Jiang Zemin, Donald Trump, and Xi Jinping.
Taking a socio-cognitive approach, we examine trade metaphor use across time periods (1993–1997 vs. 2017–2021) and languages
(American English vs. Mandarin Chinese) in nationally dominant discourses. At the micro-level of trade corpora, both the
quantitative and qualitative analyses show that the higher-level source domains (e.g., building) and their
(re)constructed lower-level source domains (e.g., cornerstone vs. pillar) are semantic fields whose use varies
with discourse contexts. The usages of the distinct lower-level source domains highlight divergent cognitive forms of trade
ideologies, which are embedded in dynamic political structures; they help reveal the implicit trade relations and ideological
motivations at the macro-level of trade discourse contexts. The macro-level analyses reveal that nationally dominant discourses
are constructed around domestic and global interests, and that power relations are (re)constructed diachronically and challenged
transnationally through dominant discursive practices.
Foreign debt versus organised labour: reflections on the UGTT’s stance on IMF loans in post-uprising Tunisia
Authors: Djerbi Dhouha 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARY
In the wake of the Tunisian uprising in 2010–2011, the IMF vowed to support democratisation efforts, promising a novel approach attuned to the needs of the nation’s most marginalised people. However, IMF loan agreements garnered controversy for their conditionalities, raising doubts about the Fund’s ‘new’ strategy and its austerity-focused plans for economic restructuring. At the centre of the debt-critical movement, the country’s leading trade union organisation – the UGTT – positioned itself as a fierce opponent to the IMF. Against the backdrop of current talks for a new bailout, this briefing revisits the UGTT’s stance on two major loan agreements that Tunisia entered into after 2010.
Neural signals-based respiratory motion tracking: a proof-of-concept study
Authors: Zhang Xiangbin , Liu Wenjie , Xu Feng , He Weizhong , Song Yingpeng , Li Guangjun , Zhang Yingjie , Dai Guyu , Xiao Qing , Meng Qianqian , Zeng Xianhu , Bai Sen , Zhong Renming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Respiratory motion tracking techniques can provide optimal treatment accuracy for thoracoabdominal radiotherapy and robotic surgery. However, conventional imaging-based respiratory motion tracking techniques are time-lagged owing to the system latency of medical linear accelerators and surgical robots. This study aims to investigate the precursor time of respiratory-related neural signals and analyze the potential of neural signals-based respiratory motion tracking. Approach. The neural signals and respiratory motion from eighteen healthy volunteers were acquired simultaneously using a 256-channel scalp electroencephalography (EEG) system. The neural signals were preprocessed using the MNE python package to extract respiratory-related EEG neural signals. Cross-correlation analysis was performed to assess the precursor time and cross-correlation coefficient between respiratory-related EEG neural signals and respiratory motion. Main results. Respiratory-related neural signals that precede the emergence of respiratory motion are detectable via non-invasive EEG. On average, the precursor time of respiratory-related EEG neural signals was 0.68 s. The representative cross-correlation coefficients between EEG neural signals and respiratory motion of the eighteen healthy subjects varied from 0.22 to 0.87. Significance. Our findings suggest that neural signals have the potential to compensate for the system latency of medical linear accelerators and surgical robots. This indicates that neural signals-based respiratory motion tracking is a potential promising solution to respiratory motion and could be useful in thoracoabdominal radiotherapy and robotic surgery.
Electrodes as the protagonists in composite barrier Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions
Authors: Ipsita Sushree , Sahu Sunil Ku , Mahapatra P K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The role of electrodes in composite barrier Ferroelectric Tunnel Junctions (FTJs) is investigated for the systems (//Pt/STO/BTO/SRO, //Pt/STO/BTO/Pt, //SRO/STO/BTO/SRO and //SRO/STO/BTO/Pt). The tunneling current is controlled by the potential drop in the accumulation and depletion region in the electrodes which depends on the ratio of their screening length to permittivity (δ/

ϵ

). The Tunneling electro resistance ratio (TER) becomes significant for bias potential

V
>

P

δ

1

ϵ

1

+

t

d

ϵ

d

+

δ

2

ϵ

2

wherein the screening charge density

σ

s

remains negative causing the pull-down of the barrier towards the Fermi level and an increase in the tunneling current. Among the studied systems //Pt/20Å STO/24Ǻ BTO/SRO system with an active device length of 7.6 nm is found to have a current density of 3.38 × 104 A cm−2 and 0.22 A cm−2 in the ON and OFF state and an absolute TER of around 1.52 × 105% at the bias of 0.77 V conform to the necessary conditions of efficient application in memory devices.
Electroless Ni-P-MoS2 composite coating of Al-alloys: effect of surface textures and bath composition
Authors: Mohanty Shalini , Singh Garima , Dwivedi Suryank , Dixit Amit Rai , Singh Rabesh Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present work assesses the effect of textures and bath composition on Ni-P-MoS2 electroless composite coating. Aluminium alloys are subjected to textures (through electrical discharge machine) for using as substrate material in the present context of study. A comparison study is conducted to evaluate the effect of coatings on textured and non-textured surfaces prepared in two different baths (oxalic acid and hydrazine). Different surface characterization has been carried out including micro-hardness, surface roughness, topography, morphology, tribology through micro-scratch test, and composition analysis (using Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy) in the study. Results indicate that the textured coated surfaces impart better wear-resistant properties than those of coatings produced in non-textured ones. Moreover, the coating prepared using oxalic acid bath imparts better micro-hardness and tribological properties than those of hydrazine bath. The elemental presence of Mo, S, Ni and P was affirmed through EDS mapping, indicates transference of MoS2 particles on to the coated surfaces. The micro-hardness of different coated specimen prepared using oxalic acid bath range from 53.55 HV0.2 to 71.31 HV0.2 for non-textured samples and 70.47 HV0.2 to 113.52 HV0.2 for textured ones. It varied from 53.68 HV0.2 to 68.85 HV0.2 for non-textured surfaces and 63.03 HV0.2 to 98.27 HV0.2 for textured surfaces in hydrazine bath. The addition of MoS2 powder in the electroless bath account for the deposition of a tribo-adaptive layer on Al-alloys.
Correction of Lorentz breaking theory to quantum tunneling radiation and entropy of black hole in gravity’s rainbow
Authors: Tan Xia , Zhang Jie , Li Ran 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Considering the Lorentz breaking theory, the correct modified forms of the dynamic equations of bosons and fermions in curved space-time are studied. For the new form of fermions dynamic equation through spin 1/2 Dirac particles in the black hole space-time in gravity’s rainbow, by introducing aether-like vector field and correctly constructing gamma matrix, new meaningful expressions of Hawking temperature, tunneling rate and Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of this black hole are obtained. In addition, the distribution characteristics of the energy levels of Dirac particles are also studied, and meaningful results are obtained. The research results show that the Lorentz breaking terms will cause a certain degree of correction to the tunneling radiation of fermions in the curved space-time of the black hole.
Another approach to linear Diophantine fuzzy rough sets on two universes and its application towards decision-making problems
Authors: Ayub Saba , Shabir Muhammad , Gul Rizwan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Theories of the rough set (RS) and the fuzzy set (FS) are constructed to accommodate the uncertainty in the data analysis. Linear Diophantine FS (LD-FS) as a novel approach to decision-making (DM), broadening the predominating theories of intuitionistic FS (IFS), Pythagorean FS (PFS), q-rung orthopair FS (q-ROFS) deals with uncertain and vague information by considering the control or reference parameters. Exploring RSs in the framework of LD-FS is a propitious direction in RS theory, where LD-FSs are approximated by Linear Diophantine fuzzy relation (LD-FR). The primary aim of this article is to develop a new linear Diophantine fuzzy RS (LDF-RS) model based on an LD-FR over dual universes. The notions of lower and upper approximations of an LD-FS are introduced by using an LD-FR, and several fundamental structural properties are explored. Moreover, a connection between LDF-RSs and linear Diophantine fuzzy topology (LDF-topology) is established. In addition, some similarity relations among LD-FSs based on their lower and upper approximations are studied. Finally, a DM approach is crafted for the ranking of alternatives using the notions of LDF-RS. Moreover, a numerical example is designed and compared with some existing techniques.
Misalignment mechanism for a mass-varying vector boson
Authors: Kaneta Kunio , Lee Hye-Sung , Lee Jiheon , Yi Jaeok 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA coherent field over the entire universe is an attractive picture in studying the dark sector of the universe. The misalignment mechanism, which relies on inflation to achieve homogeneousness of the field, is a popular mechanism for producing such a coherent dark matter. Nevertheless, unlike a scalar field case, a vector boson field suffers because its energy density is exponentially suppressed by the scale factor during the cosmic expansion. We show that if the vector field gets a mass from a scalar field, whose value increases by orders of magnitude, the suppression can be compensated, and the misalignment can produce the coherent vector boson that has a sizable amount of energy density in the present universe. Quintessence can be such a scalar field.
High uniformity splitter with great inhibition of ±1st orders
Authors: Wang Xiaofeng , Wang Bo , Liu Liqun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A transmissive double-groove grating under vertical incidence is proposed in this paper. The grating has a total of five diffraction orders, and the effect of a three-channel beam splitter is achieved by inhibiting the diffraction efficiency of ±1st orders. This is a polarization-independent micro-nano structure that achieves triple beam splitting under both TE and TM polarization. The diffraction efficiency of the 0th order and ±2nd orders for TE polarization orders can reach 32.55% and 32.72%, respectively. And the diffraction efficiency of 0th order and ±2nd orders for TM polarization can reach 32.28% and 32.59%, respectively. Both TE and TM polarization can achieve 99% uniformity. The grating performs well in terms of manufacturing tolerances and immunity to interference.
Deepening the role of excitation/inhibition balance in human iPSCs-derived neuronal networks coupled to MEAs during long-term development
Authors: Parodi Giulia , Brofiga Martina , Pastore Vito Paolo , Chiappalone Michela , Martinoia Sergio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether and how the balance between excitation and inhibition (‘E/I balance’) influences the spontaneous development of human-derived neuronal networks in vitro. To achieve that goal, we performed a long-term (98 d) characterization of both homogeneous (only excitatory or inhibitory neurons) and heterogeneous (mixed neuronal types) cultures with controlled E/I ratios (i.e. E:I 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0) by recording their electrophysiological activity using micro-electrode arrays. Approach. Excitatory and inhibitory neurons were derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). We realized five different configurations by systematically varying the glutamatergic and GABAergic percentages. Main results. We successfully built both homogeneous and heterogeneous neuronal cultures from hiPSCs finely controlling the E/I ratios; we were able to maintain them for up to 3 months. Homogeneity differentially impacted purely inhibitory (no bursts) and purely excitatory (few bursts) networks, deviating from the typical traits of heterogeneous cultures (burst dominated). Increased inhibition in heterogeneous cultures strongly affected the duration and organization of bursting and network bursting activity. Spike-based functional connectivity and image-based deep learning analysis further confirmed all the above. Significance. Healthy neuronal activity is controlled by a well-defined E/I balance whose alteration could lead to the onset of neurodevelopmental disorders like schizophrenia or epilepsy. Most of the commonly used in vitro models are animal-derived or too simplified and thus far from the in vivo human condition. In this work, by performing a long-term study of hiPSCs-derived neuronal networks obtained from healthy human subjects, we demonstrated the feasibility of a robust in vitro model which can be further exploited for investigating pathological conditions where the E/I balance is impaired.