bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Depressive Disorder: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Moorthy Renasre , A John Dinesh , Annamalai Melody Munusamy 
Published: January 2025

Background: Depression not only fosters the development of metabolic syndrome through behavioral, physiological, genetic, and treatment-related factors, but it also doubles the risk of experiencing metabolic syndrome. The objectives were to assess the sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients with depressive disorder, to assess the various metabolic parameters of metabolic syndrome in patients with depressive disorder, and to study the association between the severity of depression and metabolic syndrome. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients diagnosed with depression (n = 160) attending the Psychiatry outpatient department of a tertiary healthcare facility in Puducherry. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and modified National Cholesterol Education Program—Adult Treatment Panel-III (NCEP ATP-III) criteria were used to assess the severity of depression and diagnose metabolic syndrome, respectively. Results: The mean age at onset of depression was 31.4 years (+11.3); the duration of depression was 41.2 months (+32.5); and the severity of depression as assessed using the HAM-D was 17.9 (+6.3). The results showed that 27.5% of patients had metabolic syndrome. Factors associated with higher rates of metabolic syndrome included increasing age, female gender (79.5%), being single (25.0%), belonging to upper socioeconomic class (65.9%), non-Hindu religion (20.5%), and urban residence (72.7%) ( P < .05). Patients with metabolic syndrome had later onset (36.4 years) and longer duration (51.6 months) of depression, more severe symptoms (18.2), and were more likely to have recurrent depressive disorder or dysthymia (88.6%) ( P < .05). Furthermore, the current use of psychotropic medications (59.1%) and obesity (93.2%) were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome ( P < .05). Conclusion: This study reveals a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients with depressive disorders linked to factors such as age, gender, marital status, socioeconomic status, religion, and urban residence. Integrated care approaches, including comprehensive screening and targeted interventions, are crucial for improving both mental and metabolic health outcomes.
Application of Mixed Methods in Childhood Trauma Research: A Study Example of Divorce-Related Trauma Research from India
Authors: Nambiar Priyanka P. , Jangam Kavita V. , Seshadri Shekhar P. 
Published: January 2025

Background: The use of mixed methods research (MMR) has become progressively important in the field of behavioral and social sciences. This article makes an argument for the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in the study of childhood trauma. It focuses on the role of MMR in effectively exploring the traumatic life experiences and narratives of children and adolescents. Methods: The mixed method approach is beneficial for multi-dimensional research strategies, thereby surpassing the quantitative-qualitative divide. We also discuss the key characteristics of the mixed methods approach applicable to these behavioral studies. Results: This article concludes with a study example from the author’s MMR-driven doctoral research on the topic of divorce-related child custody issues in India. Conclusion: The implications for MMR use in future childhood trauma research are discussed.
Comparison of C-reactive Protein Versus White Blood Cell Count in Early Detection of Major Complications Post Whipple Procedure—A Prospective Study
Authors: Jayapal Loganathan , Balachandar Tirupporur Govindaswamy , Swain Sudeepta Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Whipple’s (pancreatoduodenectomy) surgery carries significant post-operative morbidity even in specialised centres. We share our findings by comparing the inflammatory markers C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell count (WBC) in early detection of post-operative complications. Material and Methods: In this prospective study, 56 patients who underwent the Whipple procedure in our institution between January 2021 and December 2022 were evaluated. Demographic characteristics, pre-and post-operative CRP and WBC levels, intraoperative parameters like pancreatic texture and duct diameter, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, length of stay and final histopathology were evaluated. The receiver operator characteristics curve (ROC) was drawn, and the area under the curve was calculated. Results: Among the 32 (57.2%) patients who developed complications, 6 (10.7%) had major and 26 (46.4%) had minor complications. ROC curves revealed greatest area under curve value for POD5 CRP (AUC-1.000; P <.01) followed by POD3 (AUC-0.999; P < .01) and then POD7 (AUC-0.995; P < .01). For WBC, the greatest value was found only on POD5 (AUC-0.742; P = .003) followed by POD7 (AUC-0.716; P < .009), but not on POD3 (AUC-0.607; P = .19). Conclusion: C-reactive protein was better than white blood cell counts in the early detection of postoperative complications.
Some Tumours Can Drive You Nuts: An Enigmatic Case of Metastatic Lymph Node
Authors: Muthukumarappan Kumudavalli , Lakshmi Swetha , Subramanyan Annapurneswari , Mani C. S. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: NUT carcinoma (NC) is a rare aggressive undifferentiated malignant neoplasm. It can arise from midline and non-midline structures with no predilection for age and gender. NC is due to NUT gene rearrangement (Chromosomal translocation). The diagnosis is established by NUTM1 protein expression by IHC / FISH / NGS RNA sequencing Given the rarity and novelty, herein we discuss our case of NC. Aim: To establish a diagnosis of NUT carcinoma and its diagnostic challenges. Clinical History: A 23-year-old young male presented with complaints of right neck swelling. Results: Histopathology revealed a poorly differentiated malignant neoplasm. Immunohistochemistry showed diffuse positivity for NUTM1 protein, hence was reported as NUT carcinoma. Conclusion: It is an aggressive malignant neoplasm with a dismal prognosis. An integrated approach by clinicians, radiologists and pathologists is required for accurate diagnosis and timely management.
Clinical diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy related hemorrhage in China: Simplified Edinburgh criteria and Boston criteria version 2.0
Authors: Zhang Mengke , Che Ruiwen , Liu Xin , Hou Chengbei , Wang Zhongyue , Hu Sen , Fu Shengqi , Kan Yuan , Sun Hailiang , Xu Jianmin , Ma Shiliang , Li Sijie , Ren Changhong , Zhao Wenbo , Jia Milan , Wang Jingang , Wu Chuanjie , Ji Xunming 
Published: January 2025

Background: Accurate diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in surviving patients is indispensable for making treatment decisions and conducting clinical trials. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value and clinical utility of the simplified Edinburgh computed tomography (CT) criteria for CAA-related hemorrhage in Chinese patients. Methods: We analyzed 212 patients with lobar hemorrhage who underwent brain CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) from a multicentre cohort. Using the Boston criteria version 2.0 (v2.0) as the gold standard, we assessed the application value of the simplified Edinburgh CT criteria, and investigated whether the Edinburgh CT criteria predict patient outcomes. Results: Patients with probable CAA accounted for 36.6% according to the Boston criteria v2.0. The Edinburgh CT criteria indicated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of 0.735 for the diagnosis of probable CAA, and it performed better when there was a high-risk threshold of CAA in the decision curve analysis. Patients with a high risk of CAA based on the Edinburgh CT criteria had poorer outcomes at 90-day after adjusting for confounding factors ( p = 0.034). Finger-like projections in the Edinburgh CT criteria were associated with lobar microbleeds, cortical superficial siderosis, and multispot white matter hyperintensity according to the Boston criteria. Conclusions: Taking the Boston criteria v2.0 as the gold standard, the Edinburgh CT criteria demonstrated good diagnostic value and predicted outcomes well at 90-day in Chinese patients with lobar hemorrhage. Further studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.
The protective effects of active ingredients from acrorus tatarinowii on sperm and their molecular mechanisms
Authors: Lu Zonglin , Zhao Haiyang , Wang Hui , Wang Xin , Sun Zixue 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate the therapeutic potential of Acrorus tatarinowii in oligoasthenozoospermia and its related mechanism through modulation of the BCL2/Bax/Caspase3 signaling pathway.

Methods
Initially, using the TCMSP and Disgenet databases, active ingredients of Acrorus tatarinowii were identified and their target genes associated with sperm-related diseases were elucidated.Subsequently, an oligoasthenozoospermia mouse model was induced and treated with Acrorus tatarinowii. Serum hormone levels were assessed by ELISA, testicular histopathology by HE staining, and target gene expression by qPCR and Western blotting.

Results
Acrorus tatarinowii treatment significantly upregulated BCL2 expression in the testes of oligoasthenozoospermic rat. This was accompanied by improved histopathological features in testicular tissues, reduced LH and FSH levels in serum.

Conclusion
Acrorus tatarinowii exerts therapeutic effects in oligoasthenozoospermia by regulating the BCL2/Bax/Caspase3 pathway, maybe by inhibiting apoptosis, and promoting germ cell proliferation. These findings highlight its potential as a natural remedy for male infertility associated with sperm function disorders.
Caregiver’s experiences with a mobile-based educational program and its impact on dietary treatment compliance of children with methylmalonic acidemia: an online survey
Authors: Luo Qing , Liu Chunqin , Lin Lizhou , Liu Xuehua , Chen Huifang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Compliance to highly restrictive diets is critical for children with Methylmalonic Acidemia (MMA), and their caregivers play a prominent role in children’s dietary treatment from early childhood through to adulthood. Despite lots of efforts by the multidisciplinary medical team to ensure the smooth implementation of dietary treatment, restricting dietary protein remains particularly challenging for children with MMA. This study aimed to assess dietary treatment compliance in children with MMA and evaluate the impact of WeChat-based parent education on compliance.

Methods
A sample of 151 caregiver-child dyads was obtained through online recruitment using convenience sampling from February to March 2023. At least one month following the enrollment of MMA caregivers in the WeChat public account “Methylmalonic Acidemia Diet Manager”, structured questionnaires were distributed to them through the electronic platform “Questionnaire Star” in collaboration with the Chinese National Alliance of Rare Diseases. Subsequently, the collected data was analyzed using quantitative methods.

Results
Children with MMA aged over 5 years were more likely to present a lower level of dietary treatment compliance compared to those under 1 year old. Besides, the levels of children’s dietary treatment compliance were higher when their caregivers had higher levels of satisfaction and benefit from using the public account.

Conclusion
Our findings highlighted the significance of age-related challenges in dietary treatment compliance among children with MMA and the promising impact of utilizing WeChat public accounts as a supportive education tool.
The impact of weight change on suicide mortality: a nationwide population-based cohort study of 2 million Koreans
Authors: Kim Kyuho , Jung Jin-Hyung , Um Yoo Hyun , Ahn Yu-Bae , Ko Seung-Hyun , Han Kyungdo , Yun Jae-Seung 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Previous studies have shown that weight change has a reverse J-shape association with all-cause mortality. However, its association with suicide mortality remains undetermined. In this study, we investigated the association between weight change and suicide mortality using a large-scale, population-based cohort from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database.

Methods
A total of 2,103,525 subjects aged ≥ 20 years who underwent a general health screening program twice in the 2-year interval between 2007 and 2009 were included. Subjects were categorized into five groups according to the percent weight change during this period: severe weight loss (< − 15.0%), moderate weight loss (− 15.0 to < − 5.0%), weight stable (− 5.0 to < 5.0%), moderate weight gain (5.0 to < 15.0%), and severe weight gain (≥ 15.0%).

Results
During a median follow-up of 11.3 years, 6,179 cases (0.3%) of suicide mortality occurred. Weight change was associated with increased suicide mortality in a reverse J-shaped curve, even after adjustment for covariates. In particular, those with severe weight loss or gain showed 1.8-fold or 1.6-fold increased risk of suicide mortality, respectively. This reverse J-shaped association was consistently observed in subgroup analyses considering age, sex, depression, cancer, and BMI category.

Conclusions
Moderate to severe weight change within a 2-year interval is associated with increased risk of suicide mortality. To better understand the mechanisms through which weight change affects suicide mortality, studies incorporating information on weight change intentions, medications, weight change-related medical conditions are needed.
Impact of invasive infections on clinical outcomes in acute pancreatitis: early predictive factors and implications for prophylactic anti-infective therapy
Authors: Bender Fabienne , König Theresa , Hecker Matthias , Fritzenwanker Moritz , Braun Jacqueline , Pons-Kühnemann Joern , Wolff Matthias , Hecker Andreas , Reichert Martin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The use of antibiotic therapy in acute pancreatitis remains controversial and is currently recommended only for confirmed infections of peripancreatic necrosis. However, reliable early predictors of septic complications and unfavorable outcomes are substantially lacking.

Methods
Patients with acute pancreatitis were retrospectively reviewed and divided into two groups: one with a septic course defined by pathogen detection [GERM(+)] and one without [GERM(-)]. After propensity score matching, both groups were compared regarding clinical outcomes. Early predictors of pathogen detection were evaluated by multivariate analysis.

Results
424 patients with acute pancreatitis were included. After propensity score matching 123 GERM(-) patients were compared to 74 GERM(+) patients. GERM(+) patients demonstrated significantly worse clinical outcomes with higher rate of intensive care treatment (59.5% vs. 35.0%; p = 0.0011) and consecutive longer stay in intensive care unit (11.5 ± 25.2d vs. 3.0 ± 7.9d; p = 0.0007), longer in-hospital stay (26.8 ± 22.0d vs. 14.7 ± 15.0d; p = 0.0003) as well as worse results in the composite outcome length of in-hospital stay > 15d or death (67.6% vs. 31.7%; p < 0.0001). Prescence of ascites and elevated white blood cell count at the onset of acute pancreatitis were identified as significant predictive factors in the early disease associated with invasive infection and pathogen detection. The most frequently detected pathogens were commensals of the gastrointestinal tract, observed in 70.7% of the examined body fluids and 50.7% of the examined blood cultures.

Conclusions
Detection of pathogens is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in acute pancreatitis. The presence of ascites and elevated white blood cell count at onset of acute pancreatitis are significant predictive factors indicating the risk of invasive infection with relevant bacterial load. Thus, an aggressive, early anti-infective strategy against pathogens of intestinal origin should be considered in these cases and may improve patient outcomes.
Performance Evaluation and Microstructure Study of Pervious Concrete Prepared from Various Solid Waste Admixtures
Authors: Li Yi , Zhang Jiong , Ding Jie , Chen Feng-zhen , Liu Ming-zhu , Liu Jia , Hou Zhao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Solid waste materials (SWM) are commonly used in the preparation of building materials due to their structural characteristics and chemical composition. Pervious concrete (PC) is a green infrastructure material that offers advantages such as reducing surface runoff and purifying water quality, making it an important component of sponge cities. This study aims to investigate the physical properties and micro-structure of PC prepared from various SWM and determine the optimal mix proportion. In this study, three common SWM, including muck, steel slag (SS) and fly ash (FA), are used as raw materials. The chemical composition and physical properties of SWM are analyzed. A five-level and five-factor test scheme is developed using the orthogonal test method. This scheme considers the target porosity, water–cement ratio, muck content, SS content, and FA content as variables. The mechanical properties and permeability of PC, including compressive strength, porosity and permeability coefficient are evaluated. The internal structure of PC is observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that the optimal mix proportion for preparing PC is determined through efficiency coefficient method analysis: target porosity of 25%, water–cement ratio of 0.36, muck content of 10%, SS content of 10%, and FA content of 12.5%. The corresponding performance indicators of the PC sample are measured as follows: porosity of 24.67%, compressive strength of 15.78 MPa, and permeability coefficient of 2.23 mm/s. This study provides valuable insights for the rapid and flexible batching and performance optimization research of PC based on SWM.
In ovo delivery of carvacrol triggers expression of chemotactic factors, antimicrobial peptides and pro-inflammatory pathways in the yolk sac of broiler chicken embryos
Authors: Meijer Mila M. Y. , van den Brand Henry , Niknafs Shahram , Roura Eugeni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Broiler chickens are most vulnerable immediately after hatching due to their immature immune systems, making them susceptible to infectious diseases. The yolk plays an important role in early immune defence by showing relevant antioxidant and passive immunity capabilities during broiler embryonic development. The immunomodulatory effects of phytogenic compound carvacrol have been widely reported. After in ovo delivery in the amniotic fluid during embryonic development carvacrol is known to migrate to the yolk sac. However, it is unknown whether carvacrol in the yolk could enhance defence responsiveness in the yolk sac. Therefore, the aim of this study was to improve early immune function in chicken embryos, and it was hypothesized that in ovo delivery of carvacrol would result in immunomodulatory effects in the yolk sac, potentially improving post-hatch resilience.

Methods
On embryonic day (E)17.5, either a saline (control) or carvacrol solution was injected into the amniotic fluid. Yolk sac tissue samples were collected at E19.5, and transcriptomic analyses using RNA sequencing were performed, following functional enrichment analyses comparing the control (saline) and carvacrol-injected groups.

Results
The results showed that 268 genes were upregulated and 174 downregulated in the carvacrol group compared to the control (P < 0.05; logFC < −0.5 or log FC > 0.5). Functional analyses of these differentially expressed genes, using KEGG, REACTOME, and Gene Ontology databases, showed enrichment of several immune-related pathways. This included the pathways ‘Antimicrobial peptides’ (P = 0.001) and ‘Chemoattractant activity’ (P = 0.004), amongst others. Moreover, the ‘NOD-like receptor signaling’ pathway was enriched (P = 0.002). Antimicrobial peptides are part of the innate immune defence and are amongst the molecules produced after the nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pathway activation. While these responses may be associated with an inflammatory reaction to an exogenous threat, they could also indicate that in ovo delivery of carvacrol could prepare the newly hatched chick against bacterial pathogens by potentially promoting antimicrobial peptide production through activation of NOD-like receptor signaling in the yolk sac.

Conclusion
In conclusion, these findings suggest that in ovo delivery of carvacrol has the potential to enhance anti-pathogenic and pro-inflammatory responses in the yolk sac via upregulation of antimicrobial peptides, and NOD-like receptor pathways.
Engineering of l-threonine and l-proline biosensors by directed evolution of transcriptional regulator SerR and application for high-throughput screening
Authors: Pu Wei , Feng Jinhui , Chen Jiuzhou , Liu Jiao , Guo Xuan , Wang Lixian , Zhao Xiaojia , Cai Ningyun , Zhou Wenjuan , Wang Yu , Zheng Ping , Sun Jibin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Amino acids are important bio-based products with a multi-billion-dollar market. The development of efficient high-throughput screening technologies utilizing biosensors is essential for the rapid identification of high-performance amino acid producers. However, there remains a pressing need for biosensors that specifically target certain critical amino acids, such as l-threonine and l-proline. In this study, a novel transcriptional regulator-based biosensor for l-threonine and l-proline was successfully developed, inspired by our new finding that SerE can export l-proline in addition to the previously known l-threonine and l-serine. Through directed evolution of SerR (the corresponding transcriptional regulator of SerE), the mutant SerRF104I which can recognize both l-threonine and l-proline as effectors and effectively distinguish strains with varying production levels was identified. Subsequently, the SerRF104I-based biosensor was employed for high-throughput screening of the superior enzyme mutants of l-homoserine dehydrogenase and γ-glutamyl kinase, which are critical enzymes in the biosynthesis of l-threonine and l-proline, respectively. A total of 25 and 13 novel mutants that increased the titers of l-threonine and l-proline by over 10% were successfully identified. Notably, six of the newly identified mutants exhibited similarities to the most effective mutants reported to date, indicating the promising application potential of the SerRF104I-based biosensor. This study illustrates an effective strategy for the development of transcriptional regulator-based biosensors for amino acids and other chemical compounds.