bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress‐gradient framework for green roofs: Applications for urban agriculture and other ecosystem services
Authors: Rolhauser Andres G. , MacIvor J. Scott , Roberto Adriano , Ahmed Selena , Isaac Marney E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Green roofs are promoted to contribute to more resilient cities by enhancing urban ecosystem services and food systems. Extensive, low‐maintenance green roofs experience frequent environmental stresses, which reduce plant survival and growth. Stress‐tolerant plants are therefore used to sustain well‐established services, such as building temperature regulation. However, transitioning extensive green roofs to provide other key urban services, such as food production, involves less tolerant plant species. Although facilitation exerted by stress‐tolerant species (nurses) has been proposed to improve the performance of stress‐intolerant species (protégés) in extensive green roofs, the conditions under which facilitation could occur are not well understood. Therefore, a comprehensive framework is needed that integrates current knowledge on how the performance of protégé species is affected by nurse plants across stress conditions.

We present a framework for green roof research that results in a linear model that integrates (i) modern trait–environment theory and (ii) facilitation ecology in a refined stress‐gradient hypothesis (SGH) originally developed following study of other stressful environments.

The model makes testable predictions on how phenotypic traits mediate the performance response of protégé species to nurse plants along stress gradients in extensive green roofs. This is not only useful for the analysis of eco‐physiological performance measures directly linked with multifunctionality and ecosystem services, but also demographic or ‘vital’ rates that drive species persistence and plant community maintenance.

We discuss a range of applications related to key agricultural and ecological questions arising from contemporary extensive green roof research, such as enhancing conditions for crop production, weed management, plant invasions and biodiversity conservation. We also provide guidelines for the generation of appropriate data and for fitting this model using readily available statistical procedures.

Our framework will allow researchers to assess under which environmental conditions nurse–protégé interactions are feasible. We expect the findings from such research to help develop strategies and guidelines for managing environmental conditions that optimize protégé performances that ultimately affect the delivery of ecosystem services in constructed urban green spaces.
Poly Ethylene Glycol (PEG)‐Based Hydrogels for Drug Delivery in Cancer Therapy: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Wang Zihan , Ye Qinzhou , Yu Sheng , Akhavan Behnam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHydrogel‐based drug delivery systems (DDSs) can leverage therapeutically beneficial outcomes in cancer therapy. In this domain, polyethylene glycol (PEG) has become increasingly popular as a biomedical polymer and has found clinical use. Owing to their excellent biocompatibility, facile modifiability, and high drug encapsulation rate, PEG hydrogels have shown great promise as drug delivery platforms. Here, the progress in emerging novel designs of PEG‐hydrogels as DDSs for anti‐cancer therapy is reviewed and discussed, focusing on underpinning multiscale release mechanisms categorized under stimuli‐responsive and non‐responsive drug release. The responsive drug delivery approaches are discussed, and the underpinning release mechanisms are elucidated, covering the systems functioning based on either exogenous stimuli‐response, such as photo‐ and magnetic‐sensitive PEG hydrogels, or endogenous stimuli‐response, such as enzyme‐, pH‐, reduction‐, and temperature‐sensitive PEG hydrogels. Special attention is paid to the commercial potential of PEG‐based hydrogels in cancer therapy, highlighting the limitations that need to be addressed in future research for their clinical translation.
Engineering Female Germline Stem Cells with Exocytotic Polymer Dots
Authors: Luo Yao , Yin Min , Mu Chunlan , Hu Xingjie , Xie Hui , Li Jingyi , Cao Tingting , Chen Nan , Wu Ji , Fan Chunhai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGermline stem cells (GSCs) are the only cell population capable of passing genetic information to offspring, making them attractive targets in reproductive biology and fertility research. However, it is generally more difficult to introduce exogenous biomolecules into GSCs than other cell types, impeding the exploration and manipulation of these cells for biomedical purposes. Herein, semiconductor polymer dots (Pdots)‐based nanocomplex Pdot‐siRNA is developed and achieves effective knockdown of target genes in female germline stem cells (FGSCs). Advantage of high fluorescence brightness of Pdots is taken for comprehensive investigation of their cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and exocytosis in FGSCs. Importantly, Pdots show excellent biocompatibility and minimally disturb the differentiation of FGSCs. Intracellular Pdots escape from the lysosomes and undergo active exocytosis, which makes them ideal nanocarriers for bioactive cargos. Moreover, Pdot‐siRNA can penetrate into 3D ovarian organoids derived from FGSCs and down‐regulate the expression levels of target genes. This study investigates the interface between a type of theranostic nanoparticles and FGSCs for the first time and sheds light on the manipulation and medical application of FGSCs.
Inorganic Perovskite Surface Reconfiguration for Stable Inverted Solar Cells with 20.38% Efficiency and Its Application in Tandem Devices
Authors: Wang Sanlong , Wang Pengyang , Shi Biao , Sun Cong , Sun Hongrui , Qi Shanshan , Huang Qian , Xu Shengzhi , Zhao Ying , Zhang Xiaodan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInorganic perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have garnered attention in tandem solar cells (TSCs) due to their suitable bandgap and impressive thermal stability. However, the efficiency of inverted IPSCs has been limited by the high trap density on the top surface of inorganic perovskite film. Herein, a method for fabricating efficient IPSCs by reconfiguring the surface properties of CsPbI2.85Br0.15 film with 2‐amino‐5‐bromobenzamide (ABA) is developed. This modification not only exhibits the synergistic coordination of carbonyl (C=O) and amino (NH2) groups with uncoordinated Pb2+, but also the Br fills halide vacancies and suppresses the formation of Pb0, effectively passivating the defective top surface. As a result, a champion efficiency of 20.38%, the highest efficiency reported for inverted IPSCs to date is achieved. Furthermore, the successful fabrication of a p–i–n type monolithic inorganic perovskite/silicon TSCs with an efficiency of 25.31% for the first time is demonstrated. Crucially, the unencapsulated ABA‐treated IPSCs shows enhanced photostability, retaining 80.33% of its initial efficiency after 270 h, and thermal stability (maintain 85.98% of its initial efficiency after 300 h at 65 °C). The unencapsulated ABA‐treated TSCs also retains 92.59% of its initial efficiency after 200 h under continuous illumination in ambient air.
Light‐Writing and Projecting Multicolor Fluorescent Hydrogels for On‐Demand Information Display
Authors: Wei Shuxin , Lu Wei , Shi Huihui , Wu Shuangshuang , Le Xiaoxia , Yin Guangqiang , Liu Qingquan , Chen Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntelligent rewritable display systems have been long expected to reduce the heavy consumption of single‐use or transient devices in the age of Internet‐of‐Things. However, it remains challenging to construct such systems with integrated functionality of remote control, rapid activation, multicolor and multimode display. Herein, by learning from the unique multilayer arrangement of chromatophores in chameleon skins, a promising kind of rewritable hydrogel multicolor systems is presented that can combine the merits of near‐infrared (NIR) light‐writing and projecting modes for on‐demand information display. Specifically, the systems have typical multilayer layout consisting of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS)‐sealed carbon nanotubes (CNTs) film as photothermal control unit and embedded fluorescent hydrogels as multicolor display unit, in which thermoresponsive hydrogel is constrained within non‐responsive hydrogel. Such rational structure design results in the establishment of one promising display mechanism via the cascading “light trigger–heat generation–fluorescence output” process. On this basis, rapid and reversible hand‐written display of arbitrary information is achieved within 5 s. Also, sustainable light‐projecting display of predesigned multicolor patterns is demonstrated due to the multilayer design that ensures easy patterning of photothermal control or hydrogel display layer. This study brings functional‐integrated merits for novel rewritable display systems and open new possibility to construct high‐end products for information display/transmission.
Electrochemical Doping of Halide Perovskites by Noble Metal Interstitial Cations
Authors: Kerner Ross A. , Cohen Ayala V. , Xu Zhaojian , Kirmani Ahmad R. , Park So Yeon , Harvey Steven P. , Murphy John P. , Cawthorn Robert C. , Giebink Noel C. , Luther Joseph M. , Zhu Kai , Berry Joseph J. , Kronik Leeor , Rand Barry P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetal halide perovskites are an attractive class of semiconductors, but it has proven difficult to control their electronic doping by conventional strategies due to screening and compensation by mobile ions or ionic defects. Noble‐metal interstitials represent an under‐studied class of extrinsic defects that plausibly influence many perovskite‐based devices. In this work, doping of metal halide perovskites is studied by electrochemically formed Au+ interstitial ions, combining experimental data on devices with a computational analysis of Au+ interstitial defects based on density functional theory (DFT). Analysis suggests that Au+ cations can be easily formed and migrate through the perovskite bulk via the same sites as iodine interstitials (Ii+). However, whereas Ii+ compensates n‐type doping by electron capture, the noble‐metal interstitials act as quasi‐stable n‐dopants. Experimentally, voltage‐dependent, dynamic doping by current density–time (J–t), electrochemical impedance, and photoluminescence measurements are characterized. These results provide deeper insight into the potential beneficial and detrimental impacts of metal electrode reactions on long‐term performance of perovskite photovoltaic and light‐emitting diodes, as well as offer an alternative doping explanation for the valence switching mechanism of halide‐perovskite‐based neuromorphic and memristive devices.
(CF3CO)2O/K2CO3‐Mediated Synthesis of 3‐Sulfonylchromones through Cyclocondensation of β‐Ketosulfones and Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Chang Meng‐Yang , Lin Chun‐Yi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOne‐pot (CF3CO)2O/K2CO3‐mediated tandem cyclocondensation of β‐ketosulfones with carboxylic acids provides diversified 3‐sulfonylchromones in good to excellent yields by refluxing MeCN under high‐pressure (using a sealed tube) and dry‐nitrogen atmospheric conditions. This study proposed and discussed a plausible mechanism. The paper also described the formation of 3‐sulfonylflavones and gram‐scale synthesis of 3‐sulfonylchromones. Various combinations of anhydrides and bases‐promoted reaction conditions were investigated for the (4+2) annulation via one carbon‐oxygen (C−O) bond and one carbon‐carbon (C=C) bond formations.magnified image
Room Temperature Flexible Ammonia Sensor Based on Sb‐Doped SnO2/Polypyrrole Nanohybrid
Authors: Li Yiwen , Zhou Yun , Zhang Yibo , Zhao Liupeng , Zhou Xin , Yan Xu , Liu Fangmeng , Lu Geyu , Sun Peng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, Sb‐doped SnO2 nanosphere composite polypyrrole nanohybrid with different doping ratios (0–5 mol%, Sb:Sn) and composite ratios (0–30 mol%, Sb‐doped SnO2:polypyrrole) is synthesized by hydrothermal method and in situ chemical oxidation method. The flexible sensors are fabricated by drop‐casting the materials on polyamide substrate and gas sensing performances are investigated systematically at room temperature. The results show that the 3 at% Sb‐doped 20 mol% SnO2/polypyrrole nanohybrid exhibits excellent sensitivity (≈213% toward 100 ppm NH3) at room temperature, which are about 3 times as much as those of polypyrrole, as well as excellent selectivity and humidity resistance, reliable repeatability, and good robustness. The enhance sensing performance can be attributed to the formation of p‐n junction between conducting polymers and metal oxide semiconductor materials and the doping of Sb elements allows more electrons to transfer to polypyrrole, which further thickens the depletion layer and decreases hole concentrations in air. Therefore, Sb‐doped SnO2/polypyrrole nanohybrid may be a promising sensitive material for the design and manufacture of room temperature flexible ammonia gas sensors.
Na3Zr2Si2PO12 Solid Electrolyte Membrane for High‐Performance Seawater Battery
Authors: Li Mengya , Dixit Marm , Essehli Rachid , Jafta Charl J. , Amin Ruhul , Balasubramanian Mahalingam , Belharouak Ilias 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSeawater batteries (SWBs) have gained tremendous interest in the electrochemical energy storage research field because of their low cost, natural abundance, and potential use for long‐duration energy storage. Advancing a SWB to demonstration projects is plagued by the poor electrochemical performance stemming from the poor interfaces of the solid electrolyte (SE), as well as the structural and chemical instabilities and sluggish ionic transport properties. In this study, the anode compartment of a surrogate SWB is constructed with a Na | SE | hard carbon configuration, and tailored dopants are introduced into the Nasicon‐type Na3Zr2Si2PO12(NZSP) SE membrane. After doping with TiO2, a much more densely packed pellet with uniformly distributed porous structure is obtained. Changes in surface chemistry and local structure in the bulk are observed, which are believed to contribute to the improved ionic conductivity and higher critical current density of the TiO2‐doped NZSP. Stable cycling performance with reversible capacities based on different Na storage mechanisms are also demonstrated.
Development of informant‐report neurobehavioral survey scales for PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome and related neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes
Authors: Frazier Thomas W. , Busch Robyn M. , Klaas Patricia , Lachlan Katherine , Jeste Shafali , Kolevzon Alexander , Loth Eva , Harris Jacqueline , Speer Leslie , Pepper Tom , Anthony Kristin , Graglia J. Michael , Delagrammatikas Christal , Bedrosian‐Sermone Sandra , Beekhuyzen Jenine , Smith‐Hicks Constance , Sahin Mustafa , Eng Charis , Hardan Antonia Y. , Uljarević Mirko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere are few well‐validated measures that are appropriate for assessing the full range of neurobehavioral presentations in PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) and other neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes (NDGS). As potential therapeutics are developed, having reliable, valid, free, and easily accessible measures to track a range of neurobehavioral domains will be crucial for future clinical trials. This study focused on the development and initial psychometric evaluation of a set of freely available informant‐report survey scales for PHTS—the Neurobehavioral Evaluation Tool (NET). Concept elicitation, quantitative ratings, and cognitive interviewing processes were conducted with stakeholders and clinician–scientist experts, used to identify the most important neurobehavioral domains for this population, and to ensure items were appropriate for the full range of individuals with PHTS. Results of this process identified a PHTS neurobehavioral impact model with 11 domains. The final NET scales assessing these domains were administered to a sample of 384 participants (median completion time = 20.6 min), including 32 people with PHTS, 141 with other NDGS, 47 with idiopathic neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD), and 164 neurotypical controls. Initial psychometric results for the total scores of each scale indicated very good model (ω = 0.83–0.99) and internal consistency reliability (α = 0.82–0.98) as well as excellent test–retest reproducibility at 1‐month follow‐up (r = 0.78–0.98) and stability at 4‐month follow‐up (r = 0.76–0.96). Conditional reliability estimates indicated very strong measurement precision in key score ranges for assessing PHTS and other people with NDGS and/or idiopathic NDD. Comparisons across domains between PHTS and the other groups revealed specific patterns of symptoms and functioning, including lower levels of challenging behavior and more developed daily living and executive functioning skills relative to other NDGS. The NET appears to be a reliable and potentially useful tool for clinical characterization and monitoring of neurobehavioral symptoms in PHTS and may also have utility in the assessment of other NDGS and idiopathic NDD. Additional validation work, including convergent and discriminant validity analyses, are needed to replicate and extend these observations.
Biological samples taken from Native American Ancestors are human remains under NAGPRA
Authors: Bader Alyssa C. , Carbaugh Aimée E. , Davis Jenny L. , Krupa Krystiana L. , Malhi Ripan S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the United States, the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) provides a specific framework for the disposition of Native American Ancestral remains within its purview. However, samples such as a bone fragment, tooth, or other biological tissue taken from the remains of these Ancestors have been treated by institutions and researchers as independent of the individual from whom they were removed and used in destructive research such as paleogenomic and other archaeometric analyses without consultation, consent, and collaboration from Native American communities; are not cared for in keeping with the current best practices for Indigenous Ancestors; and are not likely to be repatriated to their communities. Here, we demonstrate that any biological samples removed from Ancestors who are covered under NAGPRA must also be handled according to the stipulations defined for “human remains” within the legislation. As such, we are not proposing a change to existing legislation, but rather best practices, specific to the context of the United States and NAGPRA, relating to the use of and care for biological samples taken from Native American Ancestors.
Constructing Built‐in Electric Field in Heterogeneous Nanowire Arrays for Efficient Overall Water Electrolysis
Authors: Zhang Shucong , Tan Chunhui , Yan Ruipeng , Zou Xifei , Hu Fei‐Long , Mi Yan , Yan Cheng , Zhao Shenlong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEfficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions are key to water electrolysis. Herein, we report a built‐in electric field (BEF) strategy to fabricate heterogeneous nickel phosphide‐cobalt nanowire arrays grown on carbon fiber paper (Ni2P‐CoCH/CFP) with large work function difference (ΔΦ) as bifunctional electrocatalysts for overall water splitting. Impressively, Ni2P‐CoCH/CFP exhibits a remarkable catalytic activity for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions to obtain 10 mA cm−2, respectively. Moreover, the assembled lab‐scale electrolyzer driven by an AAA battery delivers excellent stability after 50 h electrocatalysis with a 100 % faradic efficiency. Computational calculations combining with experiments reveal the interface‐induced electric field effect facilitates asymmetrical charge distributions, thereby regulating the adsorption/desorption of the intermediates during reactions. This work offers an avenue to rationally design high‐performance heterogeneous electrocatalysts.
Understanding MOF Flexibility: An Analysis Focused on Pillared Layer MOFs as a Model System
Authors: Senkovska Irena , Bon Volodymyr , Abylgazina Leila , Mendt Matthias , Berger Jan , Kieslich Gregor , Petkov Petko , Luiz Fiorio Jhonatan , Joswig Jan‐Ole , Heine Thomas , Schaper Larissa , Bachetzky Christopher , Schmid Rochus , Fischer Roland A. , Pöppl Andreas , Brunner Eike , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFlexible porous frameworks are at the forefront of materials research. A unique feature is their ability to open and close their pores in an adaptive manner induced by chemical and physical stimuli. Such enzyme‐like selective recognition offers a wide range of functions ranging from gas storage and separation to sensing, actuation, mechanical energy storage and catalysis. However, the factors affecting switchability are poorly understood. In particular, the role of building blocks, as well as secondary factors (crystal size, defects, cooperativity) and the role of host–guest interactions, profit from systematic investigations of an idealized model by advanced analytical techniques and simulations. The review describes an integrated approach targeting the deliberate design of pillared layer metal–organic frameworks as idealized model materials for the analysis of critical factors affecting framework dynamics and summarizes the resulting progress in their understanding and application.
Simultaneous quantification of losartan potassium and its active metabolite, EXP3174, in rabbit plasma by validated HPLC–PDA
Authors: Wani Taha U. , Mir Khalid B. , Raina Arun , Dar Alamgir A. , Jan Ishrat , Khan Nisar A. , Wani Taseen A. , Sofi Javid A. , Hassan G. I. , Almoallim Hesham S. , Alharbi Sulaiman Ali , Ansari Mohammad Javed , Alfarraj Saleh , Tarique Mohammed , Dar Showket A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, we report a novel, accurate and cost‐effective validated analytical method for the quantification of losartan potassium and its active metabolite, EXP 3174, in rabbit plasma by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. Valsartan was used as an internal standard. The method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. The analytes were extracted in rabbit plasma using liquid–liquid extraction technique and analyzed at 247 nm after separation through a reverse‐phase C18 column. The isocratic mobile phase used is a mixture of acetonitrile, water and glacial acetic acid in the ratio of 60:40:1 v/v/v maintained at pH 3.4. All calibration curves showed a good linear relationship (r > 0.995) within the test range. Precision was evaluated by intra‐ and interday tests with RSDs <1.91% and accuracy showed validated recoveries of 86.20–101.11%. Based on our results, the developed method features good quantification parameters and can serve as an effective quality control method for the standardization of drugs.