bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of nomogram and discussion of radiotherapy effect for osteosarcoma survival
Authors: Xue Wu , Zhang Ziyan , Yu Haichi , Li Chen , Sun Yang , An Junyan , Qi Le , Zhang Jun , Liu Qinyi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to develop a predictive system for prognostic evaluation of osteosarcoma patients. We obtained osteosarcoma sample data from 1998 to 2016 using SEER*Stat software version 8.3.8, and established a multivariable Cox regression model using R-4.0.3 software. Data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The diagnosis of the model was completed through influential cases, proportionality, and multicollinearity. The predictive ability of the model was tested using area under the curve (AUC), calibration curves, and Brier scores. Finally, the bootstrap method was used to internally verify the model. In total, data from 3566 patients with osteosarcoma were included in this study. The multivariate Cox regression model was used to determine the independent prognostic variables. A nomogram and Kaplan–Meier survival curve were established. The AUC and Brier scores indicated that the model had a good predictive calibration. In addition, we found that the radiotherapy appears to be a risk factor of patients with osteosarcoma and made a discussion. We developed a prognostic evaluation system for patients with osteosarcoma for 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival with good predictive ability using sample data extracted from the SEER database. This has important clinical significance for the early identification and treatment of high-risk groups of osteosarcoma patients.
Serum microRNA as a potential biomarker for the activity of thyroid eye disease
Authors: Kim Namju , Choung Hokyung , Kim Yu Jeong , Woo Sang Earn , Yang Min Kyu , Khwarg Sang In , Lee Min Joung 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to characterize the microRNA (miRNA) expression signatures in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) and identify miRNA biomarkers of disease activity. Total RNA was isolated from the sera of patients with TED (n = 10) and healthy controls (HCs, n = 5) using the miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit. The NanoString assay was used for the comprehensive analysis of 798 miRNA expression profiles. Analysis of specific miRNA signatures, mRNA target pathway analysis, and network analysis were performed. Patients with TED were divided into two groups according to disease activity: active and inactive TED groups. Differentially expressed circulating miRNAs were identified and tested using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) tests in the validation cohort. Among the 798 miRNAs analyzed, 173 differentially downregulated miRNAs were identified in TED patients compared to those in the HCs. Ten circulating miRNAs were differentially expressed between the active and inactive TED groups and regarded as candidate biomarkers for TED activity (one upregulated miRNA: miR-29c-3p; nine downregulated miRNAs: miR-4286, miR-941, miR-571, miR-129-2-3p, miR-484, miR-192-5p, miR-502-3p, miR-597-5p, and miR-296-3p). In the validation cohort, miR-484 and miR-192-5p showed significantly lower expression in the active TED group than in the inactive TED group. In conclusion, the expression levels of miR-484 and miR-192-5p differed significantly between the active and inactive TED groups, suggesting that these miRNAs could serve as circulating biomarkers of TED activity, however, these findings need to be validated in further studies.
Effects of different anesthesia methods on postoperative immune function in patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor resection
Authors: Zhang Yan , Lu JunJun , Qin MingZhe , Xu MengDa , Luo WenJun , Li BiXi , Song XiaoYang , Zhou Xiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo investigate the effects of different anesthetic methods on postoperative immune function in patients undergoing gastrointestinal tumor resection. Ninety patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrointestinal tumor resection were divided into 3 groups. Patients in the GA group were anesthetized by total intravenous anesthesia. The GE group was anesthetized by general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia. The GN group was anesthetized by general anesthesia combined with bilateral Transversus Abdominis Plane block (TAP) and rectus sheath nerve blocks. General anesthesia is total intravenous anesthesia in all three groups. Blood samples were taken to test the changes of peripheral lymphocyte subtype analysis, and levels of plasma cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine. Also, the dosage of anesthetic drugs, recovery time, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores were recorded. Postoperative immune indexes, including CD4 count, CD8 count, B, and NK cells, in the GE group were significantly higher than those in NA and GA groups (P < 0.01). Perioperative stress indices, including epinephrine levels, norepinephrine level and aldosterone level, in the GE group were significantly lower than in the GA group and GN group (P < 0.01). The intraoperative/total sufentanil dosage and remifentanil dosage in the GE group were significantly lower than those in the GA and GN groups (P < 0.01). The VAS scores in the GE group were significantly better than those in GA and GN groups (P < 0.01). General anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia attenuates the increase in inflammatory mediators. Its possible mechanisms include reducing perioperative stress response and reducing perioperative opioid use.
Sampling environmental DNA from trees and soil to detect cryptic arboreal mammals
Authors: Allen Michael C. , Kwait Robert , Vastano Anthony , Kisurin Alex , Zoccolo Isabelle , Jaffe Benjamin D. , Angle Jordan C. , Maslo Brooke , Lockwood Julie L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) approaches to monitoring biodiversity in terrestrial environments have largely focused on sampling water bodies, potentially limiting the geographic and taxonomic scope of eDNA investigations. We assessed the performance of two strictly terrestrial eDNA sampling approaches to detect arboreal mammals, a guild with many threatened and poorly studied taxa worldwide, within two central New Jersey (USA) woodlands. We evaluated species detected with metabarcoding using two eDNA collection methods (tree bark vs. soil sampling), and compared the performance of two detection methods (qPCR vs. metabarcoding) within a single species. Our survey, which included 94 sampling events at 21 trees, detected 16 species of mammals, representing over 60% of the diversity expected in the area. More DNA was found for the 8 arboreal versus 8 non-arboreal species detected (mean: 2466 vs. 289 reads/sample). Soil samples revealed a generally similar composition, but a lower diversity, of mammal species. Detection rates for big brown bat were 3.4 × higher for qPCR over metabarcoding, illustrating the enhanced sensitivity of single-species approaches. Our results suggest that sampling eDNA from on and around trees could serve as a useful new monitoring tool for cryptic arboreal mammal communities globally.
Effective medium theory for the low-temperature heat capacity of a metasolid plate
Authors: Puurtinen Tuomas A. , Maasilta Ilari J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNanopatterning can be used to strongly control the thermal properties of solids, but theoretical understanding relies often on complex numerical simulations. Here, an analytical theory is derived for the low temperature heat capacity of a nanopatterned phononic crystal plate, focusing on the geometry of a square lattice of cylindrical holes in an isotropic matrix material. Its quasistatic elastic properties were studied using an anisotropic effective medium theory, that is, considering it as a homogenized metasolid. The effective elastic parameters can then be used as an input for an anisotropic plate theory, yielding analytical expressions for the dispersion relations of the three lowest phonon modes that are dominant in the low temperature limit below 1K. Those results were then used to derive a simple analytical formula for the heat capacity, which was compared numerically with the exact results for an example material. The effects of material and geometric design parameters in the formula are also discussed, giving simple guidelines how to tune the heat capacity up to an order of magnitude or more.
Large-scale dynamics moderate impact-relevant changes to organised convective storms
Authors: Chan Steven C. , Kendon Elizabeth J. , Fowler Hayley J. , Kahraman Abdullah , Crook Julia , Ban Nikolina , Prein Andreas F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLarger organised convective storms (mesoscale-convective systems) can lead to major flood events in Europe. Here we assess end-of-century changes to their characteristics in two convection-permitting climate simulations from the UK Met Office and ETH-Zürich that both use the high Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario but different approaches to represent atmospheric changes with global warming and different models. The UK Met Office projections indicate more frequent, smaller, and slower-moving storms, while ETH-Zürich projections show fewer, larger, and faster-moving storms. However, both simulations show increases to peak precipitation intensity, total precipitation volume, and temporal clustering, suggesting increasing risks from mesoscale-convective systems in the future. Importantly, the largest storms that pose increased flood risks are projected to increase in frequency and intensity. These results highlight that understanding large-scale dynamical drivers as well as the thermodynamical response of storms is essential for accurate projections of changes to storm hazards, needed for future climate adaptation.
Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac in children and adolescents against SARS-CoV-2 infection during Omicron BA.2 wave in Hong Kong
Authors: Leung Daniel , Rosa Duque Jaime S. , Yip Ka Man , So Hung Kwan , Wong Wilfred H. S. , Lau Yu Lung 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.2 subvariant replaced BA.1 globally in early 2022, and caused an unprecedented tsunami of cases in Hong Kong, resulting in the collapse of elimination strategy. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) of BNT162b2 and CoronaVac against BA.2 is unclear.

Methods
We utilize an ecological design incorporating population-level vaccine coverage statistics and territory-wide case-level SARS-CoV-2 infection surveillance data, and investigate the VE against infection during the Omicron BA.2 wave between January 1 to April 19, 2022, in Hong Kong for children and adolescents.

Results
We estimate VE to be 33.0% for 1 dose of BNT162b2 in children aged 5–11 and 40.8% for 2 doses of CoronaVac in children aged 3–11. We also estimate 54.9% VE for 2 doses of BNT162b2, and 55.0% VE for 2 doses of CoronaVac in adolescents aged 12–18.

Conclusions
Our findings support partly preserved VE against infection by variants of concerns for children and adolescents in settings with extremely low levels of prior SARS-CoV-2 circulation.
Modification of a SOCT-ISC type triphenylamine-BODIPY photosensitizer by a multipolar dendrimer design for photodynamic therapy and two-photon fluorescence imaging
Authors: Wang Lingfeng , Qian Ying 
Published: January 2023

The modification of a SOCT-ISC type triphenylamine-BODIPY photosensitizer by a multipolar dendrimer design for the application of photodynamic therapy and two-photon fluorescence imaging.
PySME
Authors: Wehrhahn A. , Piskunov N. , Ryabchikova T. 
Published: January 2023

Context.The characterization of exoplanets requires the reliable determination of the fundamental parameters of their host stars. Spectral fitting plays an important role in this process. For the majority of stellar parameters, matching synthetic spectra to the observations provides a robust and unique solution for the fundamental parameters, such as effective temperature, surface gravity, abundances, radial and rotational velocities, among others.Aims.Here, we present a new software package for fitting high-resolution stellar spectra that is easy to use, available for common platforms, and free from commercial licenses. We call it PySME. It is based on the proven Spectroscopy Made Easy package, later referred to as IDL SME or “original” SME.Methods.The IDL (Interactive Data Language) part of the original SME code has been rewritten in Python, but we kept the efficient C++ and FORTRAN code responsible for molecular-ionization equilibrium, opacities, and spectral synthesis. In the process we updated some components of the optimization procedure to offer more flexibility and better analysis of the convergence. The result is a more modern package with the same functionality as the original SME.Results.We applied PySME to a few stars of different spectral types and compared the derived fundamental parameters with the results from IDL SME and other techniques. We show that PySME works at least as well as the original SME.
The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey: Double stellar population and active galactic nucleus activity in a galaxy at z ∼ 5.5
Authors: Barchiesi L. , Dessauges-Zavadsky M. , Vignali C. , Pozzi F. , Marques-Chaves R. , Feltre A. , Faisst A. , Béthermin M. , Cassata P. , Charlot S. , Fudamoto Y. , Ginolfi M. , Ibar E. , Jones G. C. , Romano M. , Schaerer D. , Vallini L. , Vanzella E. , Yan L. 
Published: January 2023

Context. GDS J033218.92-275302.7 (here GS-14) is a z ∼ 5.5 galaxy with unusual UV spectral features that have been interpreted as signatures of either a double stellar population or of an active galactic nucleus (AGN). GS-14 was detected in [C II] 158 μm as part of the ALPINE survey and was found to be the galaxy with the lowest molecular gas fraction (fmol = Mmolgas/(Mmolgas + M*)∼0.1) of that sample.
Aims. We exploited the multiwavelength coverage of GS-14 to investigate the properties and the origin of its emission.
Methods. We fit the UV-to-near-IR spectral energy distribution (SED) with a single and double stellar population and/or AGN component. We analyzed the latest release of the VIMOS spectrum, which shows highly ionized emission lines (O VI1032 Å, N V1240 Å, and N IV] 1483,1486 Å). The line equivalent widths and line ratios were compared with those observed in galaxies and AGN, as well as with the predictions from radiation transfer models for star-forming galaxies, AGN, and shocks.
Results. The SED-fitting provides a total stellar mass of M* = (4 ± 1)×1010 M⊙, an age of the main stellar population of ∼ 670 Myr, and a recent (∼ 8 Myr) short burst of star formation (SF) of ∼90 M⊙ yr−1. We do not find a significant contribution from an AGN, although we do not have any coverage in the mid-IR, where the dust emission of the AGN would peak. The N V line has a characteristic P Cygni profile. Fitting it with stellar models suggests a ∼ 3 Myr old population of stars with a mass of ∼5 × 107 M⊙, consistent with a second component of young stars, as found in the SED-fitting analysis. The N V profile also shows evidence for an additional component of nebular emission. The comparison of the line ratios (N IV]/N V and O VI/N V) with theoretical models allows us to associate the emission with SF or AGN, but the strong radiation field required to ionize the O VI is more commonly related to AGN activity.
Conclusions. Studying GS-14, we found evidence for an old and already evolved stellar population at z ∼ 5.5, and we show that the galaxy is experiencing a second short burst of SF. In addition, GS-14 carries signatures of obscured AGN activity. The AGN could be responsible for the short depletion time of this galaxy, thus making GS-14 one of the two ALPINE sources with indications of an active nucleus and an interesting target for future follow-ups to understand the connection between SF and AGN activity.
Sub-Jovian desert of exoplanets at its boundaries
Authors: Szabó Gy. M. , Kálmán Sz. , Borsato L. , Hegedűs V. , Mészáros Sz. , Szabó R. 
Published: January 2023

Context. The lack of sub-Jovian planets on orbits of Porb < 3 days is a puzzling aspect of galaxy formation with regard to the distribu-tion of exoplanets whose origins are currently unresolved.
Aims. The possible explanations behind the formation of the sub-Jovian or Neptunian desert include several scenarios that can lead to different shapes for the boundary, predicting various dependencies between the position of the boundary and the stellar parameters.
Methods. We explored the exoplanet distribution in various 2D and 3D projections, revealing the stellar-dependent substructures in the Porb–MP and the Porb–RP parameter plane.
Results. We demonstrate that the upper boundary includes a range of planets, namely, inflated hot Jupiters and normal hot Jupiters, in the two parameter planes, respectively. We confirm the dependence of the boundary on several stellar parameters and, based on a fuzzy clustering analysis, we provide quantitative formulae for the dependencies in groups of smaller and larger planets. The overall period-radius distribution shows chemical substructures as well, with the boundary being dependent on volatiles and alpha-elements, alongside marginal (to none) dependence found for refractory elements.
Conclusions. These findings confirm multiple plausible causes for the formation of the desert, particularly preferring those scenarios related to the irradiation-driven loss of the atmospheres of moderately massive planets as the predominant process in shaping planetary distributions.
Reaching the boundary between stellar kinematic groups and very wide binaries
Authors: González-Payo J. , Caballero J. A. , Cortés-Contreras M. 
Published: January 2023

Aims. With the latest Gaia DR3 data, we analyse the widest pairs in the Washington Double Star (WDS) catalogue with angular separations, ρ, greater than 1000 arcsec.
Methods. We confirmed the pairs’ membership to stellar systems based on common proper motions, parallaxes, and (when available) radial velocities, together with the locii of the individual components in colour-magnitude diagrams. We also looked for additional closer companions to the ultrawide pairs, either reported by WDS or found by us with a new Gaia astrometric search. In addition, we determined masses for each star (and white dwarf) and, with the projected physical separation, computed the gravitational potential energy, |Ug*|, of the systems.
Results. Of the 155 159 pairs currently catalogued by WDS, there are 504 with ρ > 1000 arcsec. Of these, only 2 ultrawide pairs have not been identified, 10 do not have any available astrometry, 339 have not passed a conservative filtering in proper motion or parallax, 59 are members of young stellar kinematic groups, associations or open clusters, and only 94 remain as bona fide ultrawide pairs in the galactic field. Accounting for the additional members at shorter separations identified in a complementary astrometric and bibliographic search, we found 79 new stars (39 reported, plus 40 not reported by WDS) in 94 ultrawide stellar systems. This sample is expanded when including new close binary candidates with large Gaia DR3 RUWE, σVr, or a proper motion anomaly. Furthermore, the large fraction of subsystems and the non-hierarchical configurations of many wide systems with three or more stars is remarkable. In particular, we found 14 quadruple, 2 quintuple, 3 sextuple, and 2 septuple systems. The minimum computed binding energies, |Ug*| ~ 1033 J, are in line with theoretical predictions of tidal destruction by the Galactic gravitational potential. The most fragile and massive systems have huge projected physical separations of well over 1 pc. Therefore, they are either in the process of disruption or they are part of unidentified juvenile stellar kinematic groups.
Usability Testing of an Interoperable Computerized Clinical Decision Support Tool for Fall Risk Management in Primary Care
Authors: Shear Kristen , Rice Hannah , Garabedian Pamela M. , Bjarnadottir Ragnhildur , Lathum Nancy , Horgas Ann L. , Harle Christopher A. , Dykes Patricia C. , Lucero Robert 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Falls are a widespread and persistent problem for community-dwelling older adults. Use of fall prevention guidelines in the primary care setting has been suboptimal. Interoperable computerized clinical decision support systems have the potential to increase engagement with fall risk management at scale. To support fall risk management across organizations, our team developed the ASPIRE tool for use in differing primary care clinics using interoperable standards.
Objectives Usability testing of ASPIRE was conducted to measure ease of access, overall usability, learnability, and acceptability prior to pilot .
Methods Participants were recruited using purposive sampling from two sites with different electronic health records and different clinical organizations. Formative testing rooted in user-centered design was followed by summative testing using a simulation approach. During summative testing participants used ASPIRE across two clinical scenarios and were randomized to determine which scenario they saw first. Single Ease Question and System Usability Scale were used in addition to analysis of recorded sessions in NVivo.
Results All 14 participants rated the usability of ASPIRE as above average based on usability benchmarks for the System Usability Scale metric. Time on task decreased significantly between the first and second scenarios indicating good learnability. However, acceptability data were more mixed with some recommendations being consistently accepted while others were adopted less frequently.
Conclusion This study described the usability testing of the ASPIRE system within two different organizations using different electronic health records. Overall, the system was rated well, and further pilot testing should be done to validate that these positive results translate into clinical practice. Due to its interoperable design, ASPIRE could be integrated into diverse organizations allowing a tailored implementation without the need to build a new system for each organization. This distinction makes ASPIRE well positioned to impact the challenge of falls at scale.
Evaluation of Fitness and Accuracy of Milled and Three-Dimensionally Printed Inlays
Authors: Lim Yoen Ah , Kim Jeong Mi , Choi Yoorina , Park Sujung 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective This article compares and evaluates the marginal and internal fitness and three-dimensional (3D) accuracy of class II inlays fabricated using Tescera (TS) resin, milling of hybrid and zirconia blocks, and 3D printing with NextDent C&B.
Materials and Methods Fifty-two mesio-occlusal inlays were fabricated using conventional method with TS, milling of Lava Ultimate (LU), milling of Zolid Fx multilayer (ZR), and 3D printing (n = 13 each). The marginal and internal fitness were evaluated at six points in the mesio-distal section of a replica under a digital microscope (160× magnification), and the accuracy was evaluated using 3D software. Analyses were conducted using t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-way ANOVA, while Duncan's multiple range test was used for post hoc analyses (α = 0.05).
Results The marginal and internal fitness of the 3D and ZR were significantly superior to that of the TS and LU. For LU, ZR, and 3D, a significant discrepancy between the marginal gap and internal gap was observed (p < 0.05). On evaluating accuracy, trueness was significantly higher in ZR than in TS and LU; precision was significantly higher in 3D and ZR than in TS and LU (p < 0.05).
Conclusion The marginal and internal fitness and the accuracy of TS, ZR, and 3D were within the clinically acceptable range. The marginal and internal fitness and accuracy of 3D were better than those of TS and LU, which are commonly used in dentistry. There is immense potential for using 3D-printed inlays in routine clinical practice.