bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemometric analysis of Tunisian durum wheat metabolites using UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS
Authors: Manai‐Djebali Hédia , Taamalli Amani , Iswaldi Ihsan , Arráez‐Román David , Segura‐Carretero Antonio , Marouani Ahmed , Mliki Ahmed , Martínez‐Cañas Manuel A. , Ghorbel Abdelwahed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBioactive compounds in wheat have received a great interest in the last few years due to their nutritional and health benefits. Various analytical procedures were used to identify these compounds in wheat kernels. An ultra‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC–ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS) was used for the screening of bioactive compounds in seven Tunisian durum wheat extracts. The aim of this study was to realize a screening of several classes of bioactive compounds in the same analysis and to identify specific metabolite markers for discriminating the durum wheat varieties. The UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS allows the detection of 81 metabolites, belonging to different chemical families such as sugars, organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids, and phenolic compounds represented by benzoic and cinnamic acid derivatives, phenolic alcohols, flavones, lignans, and condensed tannins. Chemical profiles identified varied greatly between different wheat genotypes. As far as the authors know, this is the first time that different chemical classes were detected at the same time in durum wheat kernels using UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF‐MS/MS. This study gives the most complete map of metabolites in Tunisian durum wheat and proves that UPLC‐QTOF‐MS/MS coupled with chemometric analysis is a great tool for discrimination between durum wheat cultivars.
Temporal trends in agricultural water use and the relationships to hydroclimatic factors in the High Plains aquifer region
Authors: Ji Lei , Senay Gabriel B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe High Plains aquifer (HPA) is the primary water source for agricultural irrigation in the US Great Plains. The water levels in many locations of the aquifer have declined steadily over the past several decades because the rate of water withdrawals exceeds recharge, which has been a serious concern to the water resources management in the region. We evaluated temporal trends and variations in agricultural water use and hydroclimatic variables including precipitation, air temperature, reference evapotranspiration, runoff, groundwater level, and terrestrial water storage across the HPA region for different periods from 1985 to 2020 at the grid, county, or region scale. The results showed that water withdrawals decreased from 21.3 km3/year in 1985 to 18.2 km3/year in 2015, while irrigated croplands increased from 71,928 km2 in 1985 to 78,464 km2 in 2015 in the entire HPA. The hydroclimatic time‐series showed wetting trends in most of the northern HPA, but drying and warming trends in the southern region from 1985 to 2020. The groundwater level time‐series indicated flat trends in the north, but significant declining in the central and southern HPA. Trends in irrigation water withdrawals and irrigation area across the HPA were controlled by the advancement of irrigation systems and technologies and the management of sustainable water use, but also were affected by dynamical changes in the hydroclimatic conditions.
Specific prediction of mortality by oxidative stress‐induced damage to RNA vs. DNA in humans
Authors: Jorgensen Anders , Brandslund Ivan , Ellervik Christina , Henriksen Trine , Weimann Allan , Andersen Per Kragh , Poulsen Henrik E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModifications of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) from oxidative stress is a potential driver of aging per se and of mortality in age‐associated medical disorders such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). In a human cohort, we found a strong prediction of all‐cause mortality by a marker of systemic oxidation of RNA in patients with T2D (n = 2672) and in nondiabetic control subjects (n = 4079). The finding persisted after the adjustment of established modifiers of oxidative stress (including BMI, smoking, and glycated hemoglobin). In contrast, systemic levels of DNA damage from oxidation, which traditionally has been causally linked to both T2D and aging, failed to predict mortality. Strikingly, these findings were subsequently replicated in an independent general population study (n = 3649). The data demonstrate a specific importance of RNA damage from oxidation in T2D and general aging.
The African killifish: A short‐lived vertebrate model to study the biology of sarcopenia and longevity
Authors: Ruparelia Avnika A. , Salavaty Adrian , Barlow Christopher K. , Lu Yansong , Sonntag Carmen , Hersey Lucy , Eramo Matthew J. , Krug Johannes , Reuter Hanna , Schittenhelm Ralf B. , Ramialison Mirana , Cox Andrew , Ryan Michael T. , Creek Darren J. , Englert Christoph , Currie Peter D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSarcopenia, the age‐related decline in muscle function, places a considerable burden on health‐care systems. While the stereotypic hallmarks of sarcopenia are well characterized, their contribution to muscle wasting remains elusive, which is partly due to the limited availability of animal models. Here, we have performed cellular and molecular characterization of skeletal muscle from the African killifish—an extremely short‐lived vertebrate—revealing that while many characteristics deteriorate with increasing age, supporting the use of killifish as a model for sarcopenia research, some features surprisingly reverse to an “early‐life” state in the extremely old stages. This suggests that in extremely old animals, there may be mechanisms that prevent further deterioration of skeletal muscle, contributing to an extension of life span. In line with this, we report a reduction in mortality rates in extremely old killifish. To identify mechanisms for this phenomenon, we used a systems metabolomics approach, which revealed that during aging there is a striking depletion of triglycerides, mimicking a state of calorie restriction. This results in the activation of mitohormesis, increasing Sirt1 levels, which improves lipid metabolism and maintains nutrient homeostasis in extremely old animals. Pharmacological induction of Sirt1 in aged animals was sufficient to induce a late life‐like metabolic profile, supporting its role in life span extension in vertebrate populations that are naturally long‐lived. Collectively, our results demonstrate that killifish are not only a novel model to study the biological processes that govern sarcopenia, but they also provide a unique vertebrate system to dissect the regulation of longevity.
Arbitrage across different Bitcoin exchange venues: Perspectives from investor base and market related events
Authors: Shu Ao , Cheng Feiyang , Han Jianlei , Liang Zini , Pan Zheyao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of market related events and investor base on the spread of Bitcoin prices between two exchange platforms, Coinbase and Binance. Based on high‐frequency data samples collected from 2019 to 2021, we show how investors from different bases react differently to market related events, which create the price spreads between exchange platforms. We also identify the arbitrage opportunities these spreads create and establish arbitrage strategies for all identified events to exploit the variations in Bitcoin prices traded on both platforms. Findings indicate arbitrage offers profits that are higher overall than holding Bitcoin on either platform.
The epidemiology of new persistent hypnotic/sedative use after surgical procedures: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Magnusson D. H. , Albertsson T. I. , Jonsdottir F. , Sigurdsson M. I. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe use of hypnotic and sedative medication for sleep improvement is common and long‐term use has been associated with an increased risk of adverse events and mortality. A proportion of patients might develop long‐term use after initiating new persistent use following surgery. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine the incidence of new persistent hypnotic/sedative use after surgical procedures and associated patient and procedural factors. Data on prescriptions for hypnotic and sedative medications used for sleep improvement were retrieved from the National Prescription Medicine Registry. Medication naivety was defined as not filling a prescription for hypnotics/sedatives from 365 days through 31 days preceding surgery, new use was defined as medication naivety followed by filling a prescription for hypnotic/sedative medication from 30 days before surgery through 14 days after surgery. New persistent hypnotic/sedative use was defined as new use followed by filling another hypnotic/sedative prescription from 15 days through 365 days after surgery. Of 55,414 patients included in the study, 43,297 were naive to hypnotic/sedative medications. Of those naive patients, 4.6% met the criteria for new peri‐operative use, of whom 51.6% developed new persistent hypnotic/sedative use. Patient and procedural factors associated with increased risk of new persistent use were older age; female sex; the presence of malignant neoplasm; ischaemic heart disease; and having undergone either cardiac or thoracic surgery. The hazard of long‐term mortality was higher for patients with new persistent use (1.39, 95%CI 1.22–1.59) compared with patients who remained naive. While a small ratio of surgical patients initiates the use of hypnotics/sedatives in the peri‐operative period, a substantial proportion of these develop persistent use, which is associated with adverse outcomes. Over time, the proportion of patients using hypnotics/sedatives has declined, but the risk of persistent use within this group has remained stable.
Upregulated expression of a TOR2A gene product‐salusin‐β in the paraventricular nucleus enhances sympathetic activity and cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats with chronic heart failure induced by coronary artery ligation
Authors: Xu Yu , Fei Xuejie , Fu Hangjiang , Chen Aidong , Zhu Xinrui , Zhang Feng , Han Ying 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimEnhanced cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) promotes sympathetic hyperactivation in chronic heart failure (CHF). Salusin‐β is a torsin family 2 member A (TOR2A) gene product and a cardiovascular active peptide closely associated with cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to determine the roles of salusin‐β in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in modulating enhanced CSAR and sympathetic hyperactivation in rats with CHF induced by coronary artery ligation and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms.MethodsCSAR was evaluated based on the responses of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) to the epicardial administration of capsaicin in rats under anesthesia.ResultsSalusin‐β protein expression was upregulated in the PVN of the CHF compared with sham‐operated rats. Salusin‐β microinjection into the PVN dose‐dependently increased MAP and RSNA and enhanced CSAR, while anti‐salusin‐β IgG exerted opposite effects. The effect of salusin‐β was inhibited by reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger or NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitor but promoted by superoxide dismutase inhibitor. The effect of anti‐salusin‐β IgG was interdicted by nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor. Furthermore, chronic salusin‐β gene knockdown in PVN attenuated CSAR, reduced sympathetic output, improved myocardial remodeling and cardiac function, decreased NAD(P)H oxidase activity and ROS levels, and increased NO levels in the CHF rats.ConclusionIncreased salusin‐β activity in the PVN contributes to sympathetic hyperactivation and CSAR in CHF by inhibiting NO release and stimulating NAD(P)H oxidase‐ROS production. Reducing endogenous central salusin‐β expression might be a novel strategy for preventing and treating CHF in the future.
The effect of sunscreen 4‐methylbenzylidene camphor in different and reproductive models, its bioaccumulation and molecular effects on ligand‐receptor interaction, and protein expression
Authors: Lax Cassandra , Wicksell Elin , Grip Anastasia , Niemi Jenni Viivi Linnea , Liu Wen , Rafeletou Alexandra , Kudłak Błażej , Schiöth Helgi B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract4‐Methylbenzylidene camphor (4‐MBC) is a photo‐absorbing UV filter prevalently used in cosmetics, which can be absorbed into circulation and cause systemic effects. 4‐MBC is continued to be released in the environment despite the growing knowledge about its bioaccumulation and endocrine disrupting effects. Previous reviews have mentioned UV‐filter together but this review considers 4‐MBC alone, due to its prevalence and concerning health effects. This review considers 4‐MBC's potential effects on human health regarding systemic and molecular effects, with the main focus on reproduction. Also, the potential bioaccumulation and interactions with receptor systems such as the oestrogen receptors β and α, and progesterone receptor are covered. Additionally, previous studies about 4‐MBC's effects on mRNA and protein expression, especially in the prostate and the brain are analysed. Furthermore, 4‐MBC is reported to act with inflammatory pathways by activating p38 MAPK and NF‐κB, leading to the production of inflammatory TNF‐α and IL‐6. 4‐MBC was also found to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation and DNA repair. In conclusion, 4‐MBC has wide‐ranging effects in many different models interacting with multiple pathways causing long‐term effects even at low doses and this knowledge can guide governmental risk assessment, regulation divisions and chemical industries.
Novel biallelic variants expand the phenotype of NAA20‐related syndrome
Authors: D'Onofrio Gianluca , Cuccurullo Claudia , Larsen Silje Kathrine , Severino Mariasavina , D'Amico Alessandra , Brønstad Kirsten , AlOwain Mohammed , Morrison Jennifer L. , Wheeler Patricia G. , Webb Bryn D. , Alfalah Abdullah , Iacomino Michele , Uva Paolo , Coppola Antonietta , Merla Giuseppe , Salpietro Vincenzo Damiano , Zara Federico , Striano Pasquale , Accogli Andrea , Arnesen Thomas , Bilo Leonilda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNAA20 is the catalytic subunit of the NatB complex, which is responsible for N‐terminal acetylation of approximately 20% of the human proteome. Recently, pathogenic biallelic variants in NAA20 were associated with a novel neurodevelopmental disorder in five individuals with limited clinical information. We report two sisters harboring compound heterozygous variant (c.100C>T (p.Gln34Ter) and c.11T>C p.(Leu4Pro)) in the NAA20 gene, identified by exome sequencing. In vitro studies showed that the missense variant p.Leu4Pro resulted in a reduction of NAA20 catalytic activity due to weak coupling with the NatB auxiliary subunit. In addition, unpublished data of the previous families were reported, outlining the core phenotype of the NAA20‐related disorder mostly characterized by cognitive impairment, microcephaly, ataxia, brain malformations, dysmorphism and variable occurrence of cardiac defect and epilepsy. Remarkably, our two patients featured epilepsy onset in adolescence suggesting this may be a part of syndrome evolution. Functional studies are needed to better understand the complexity of NAA20 variants pathogenesis as well as of other genes linked to N‐terminal acetylation.
Spatial amine metabolomics and histopathology reveal localized brain alterations in subacute traumatic brain injury and the underlying mechanism of herbal treatment
Authors: Hu En , Tang Tao , Li You‐mei , Li Teng , Zhu Lin , Ding Ruo‐qi , Wu Yao , Huang Qing , Zhang Wei , Wu Qian , Wang Yang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionSpatial changes of amine metabolites and histopathology of the whole brain help to reveal the mechanism of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and treatment.MethodsA newly developed liquid microjunction surface sampling–tandem mass tag–ultra performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry technique is applied to profile brain amine metabolites in five brain regions after impact‐induced TBI at the subacute stage. H&E, Nissl, and immunofluorescence staining are performed to spatially correlate microscopical changes to metabolic alterations. Then, bioinformatics, molecular docking, ELISA, western blot, and immunofluorescence are integrated to uncover the mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZYD) against TBI.ResultsBesides the hippocampus and cortex, the thalamus, caudate‐putamen, and fiber tracts also show differentiated metabolic changes between the Sham and TBI groups. Fourteen amine metabolites (including isomers such as L‐leucine and L‐isoleucine) are significantly altered in specific regions. The metabolic changes are well matched with the degree of neuronal damage, glia activation, and neurorestoration. XFZYD reverses the dysregulation of several amine metabolites, such as hippocampal Lys‐Phe/Phe‐Lys and dopamine. Also, XFZYD enhances post‐TBI angiogenesis in the hippocampus and the thalamus.ConclusionThis study reveals the local amine‐metabolite and histological changes in the subacute stage of TBI. XFZYD may promote TBI recovery by normalizing amine metabolites and spatially promoting dopamine production and angiogenesis.
Ferulic acid as a therapeutic agent in depression: Evidence from preclinical studies
Authors: Dong Xiaoyu , Zhao Dongxue 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDepression is a common but severe mood disorder with a very high prevalence across the general population. Depression is of global concern and poses a threat to human physical and mental health. Ferulic acid (FA) is a natural active ingredient that has antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and free radical scavenging properties. Furthermore, studies have shown that FA can exert antidepressant effects through a variety of mechanisms. The aim of the review was to comprehensively elucidate the mechanisms in FA that alleviate depression using animal models. The in vivo (animal) studies on the mechanism of FA treatment of depression were searched in PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Baidu academic, and Wan fang databases. Thereafter, the literature conclusions were summarized accordingly. Ferulic acid was found to significantly improve the depressive‐like behaviors of animal models, suggesting that FA is a potential natural product in the treatment of depression. The mechanisms are achieved by enhancing monoamine oxidase A (MOA) activity, inhibiting microglia activation and inflammatory factor release, anti‐oxidative stress, promoting hippocampal nerve regeneration, increasing brain‐derived neurotrophic factor secretion, regulating gut microbiome, and activating protein kinase B/collapsin response mediator protein 2 (AKT/CRMP2) signaling pathway. Ferulic acid produces significant antidepressant effects in animal depression models through various mechanisms, suggesting its potential value as a treatment of depression. However, clinical research trials involving FA are required further to provide a solid foundation for its clinical application.
From One Bilingual to the Next: An Iterated Learning Study on Language Evolution in Bilingual Societies
Authors: Palma Pauline , Lee Sarah , Hodgins Vegas , Titone Debra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudies of language evolution in the lab have used the iterated learning paradigm to show how linguistic structure emerges through cultural transmission—repeated cycles of learning and use across generations of speakers . However, agent‐based simulations suggest that prior biases crucially impact the outcome of cultural transmission. Here, we explored this notion through an iterated learning study of English‐French bilingual adults (mostly sequential bilinguals dominant in English). Each participant learned two unstructured artificial languages in a counterbalanced fashion, one resembling English, another resembling French at the phono‐orthographic level. The output of each participant was passed down to the next participant, forming diffusion chains of 10 generations per language. We hypothesized that artificial languages would become easier to learn and exhibit greater structure when they were aligned with participants’ bilingual experience (i.e., English languages being easier to learn overall), or as a function of practice (i.e., languages learned second being easier to learn overall). Instead, we found that English‐like languages became more structured over generations, but only when they were learned first. In contrast, French‐like languages became more structured regardless of the order of learning, suggesting the presence of an asymmetric switch cost during artificial language learning. Moreover, individual differences in language usage modulated the amount of structure produced by the participants. Overall, these data suggest that bilingual experience impacts how novel languages are learned at an individual level, which can then scale up to cultural transmission of novel language at a group level.
S1‐Leitlinie dermales und subkutanes Leiomyosarkom
Authors: Helbig Doris , Dippel Edgar , Erdmann Michael , Frisman Alexander , Kage Paula , Leiter Ulrike , Mentzel Thomas , Seidel Clemens , Weishaupt Carsten , Ziemer Mirjana , Ugurel Selma 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungSuperfizielle Leiomyosarkome (LMS) sind seltene Tumoren (circa 2–3% aller kutanen Sarkome), die von dermal gelegenen Haarbalgmuskeln, Dartosmuskeln beziehungsweise areolären Muskeln (dermale LMS) oder der Muskulatur der Gefäße des subkutanen Fettgewebes (subkutane LMS) ausgehen. Diese superfiziellen LMS werden von den LMS der tiefen Weichgewebe abgegrenzt. Leiomyosarkome sind typischerweise an den unteren Extremitäten, am Rumpf oder am Kapillitium lokalisiert und präsentieren sich als schmerzhafte, erythematös bis bräunliche Tumorknoten. Die Diagnosestellung erfolgt histopathologisch.Die Therapie der Wahl ist die vollständige mikroskopisch kontrollierte Exzision des Primärtumors mit einem Sicherheitsabstand von mindestens 1 cm bei dermalen LMS, und möglichst 2 cm bei subkutanen LMS. Nichtoperable oder metastasierte LMS erfordern eine individuelle Therapieentscheidung. Nach R0‐Resektion mittels mikroskopisch kontrollierter Chirurgie und einem Mindestsicherheitsabstand von 1 cm ist das Lokalrezidivrisiko für dermale LMS sehr gering und eine Metastasierung sehr selten. Subkutane LMS, sehr große, oder unvollständig resezierte LMS rezidivieren und metastasieren häufiger. Aus diesem Grund erscheinen für die Nachsorge der dermalen LMS initial klinische Untersuchungen halbjährlich, bei subkutanen LMS alle 3 Monate, später jährlich und entsprechend halbjährlich für mindestens 5 Jahre empfehlenswert (bei subkutanen LMS inklusive Sonographie der lokoregionären Lymphknoten). Apparative Untersuchungen wie Schnittbildgebung erscheinen lediglich bei Primärtumoren mit Besonderheiten, Rezidiven oder bereits metastasierten Tumoren indiziert.