bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of early vs. late maturing sire lines and creep feeding on the cortisol response, intestinal permeability, and growth performance of nursery and finishing pigs
Authors: Wensley Madie R , Woodworth Jason C , Tokach Mike D , Goodband Robert D , DeRouchey Joel M , Gebhardt Jordan T 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A total of 21 litters (11 early and 10 late maturing Duroc × DNA 241) resulting in 241 pigs were used in 170 d trial to determine the effect of sire lines selected for either early or late maturing growth rates and creep feeding on the cortisol concentration, intestinal permeability, and growth performance of nursery and finishing pigs. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effect of Duroc sire line (early or late maturing) and creep feeding (with or without). Creep feed was provided for 14 d prior to weaning. After weaning (approximately 21 d of age; initially 6.4 kg), no interactions were observed for blood cortisol. However, blood cortisol levels were increased (P = 0.011) in late maturing pigs compared to early maturing pigs. A lower percentage (P &lt; 0.001) of early maturing pigs lost weight 3 d post-weaning compared to late maturing pigs. Likewise, early maturing pigs had improved (P &lt; 0.001) average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) during the first 3 d in the nursery and also had increased ADFI (P &lt; 0.001) from days 2 to 14 in the nursery. Creep feeding had no effect on initial nursery performance. On day 7, after a 2-h fast, a subsample of pigs was administered an oral gavage of lactulose and mannitol dissolved in distilled water. No differences by sire line, creep feeding, or their interactions were observed in lactulose:mannitol ratio. For overall nursery growth performance, an interaction was observed for ADG (P = 0.007) and ADFI (P &lt; 0.001), with creep feed providing a benefit in late maturing pigs, but not in early maturing pigs. Early maturing pigs had poorer gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) (P &lt; 0.001) than late maturing pigs. For overall finishing performance, an interaction was observed for ADG (P = 0.037) and ADFI (P = 0.007), with creep feed providing a benefit in late maturing pigs, but not in early maturing pigs. This resulted in an interaction for final body weight (P = 0.005), with late maturing pigs that did not receive creep feed having decreased market weights (P ≤ 0.003) compared to the other treatments. In summary, early maturing pigs had decreased cortisol concentration at weaning and improved ADG and ADFI until approximately 100 kg, at which point late maturing pigs began to exhibit greater ADG. Late maturing pigs had improved G:F from 46 d of age until market. Interestingly, creep feeding late maturing pigs resulted in increased day 170 weight compared with providing no creep feed, whereas creep feed did not impact early maturing pigs (sire line × creep feed interaction, P &lt; 0.005).
A comparative study on in vitro and in vivo stomach–small intestinal and large intestinal digestion of plant protein meals in growing pigs
Authors: Du Zhongyuan , Gao Lixiang , Wang Yuming , Xie Jingjing , Zeng Shuli , Zhao Jiangtao , Sa Renna , Zhao Feng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This experiment evaluated the difference between computer-controlled simulated digestion and in vivo stomach–small intestinal or large intestinal digestion for growing pigs. Five diets including a corn–soybean meal basal diet and four experimental diets with rapeseed meal (RSM), cottonseed meal (CSM), sunflower meal (SFM), or peanut meal (PNM) were assigned to each group of five barrows installed terminal ileal cannula or distal cecal cannula in a 5 × 5 Latin square design. Ileal digesta and feces were collected for the determination of digestibility of dry matter (DM) and gross energy (GE) as well as digestible energy (DE) at terminal ileum and total tract. The large intestinal digestibility and DE were calculated by the difference between measurements obtained at the terminal ileum and those obtained from total tract. In vitro stomach–small intestinal digestibility and DE for diets and plant protein meals were determined by stomach–small intestinal digestion in a computer-controlled simulated digestion system (CCSDS). The in vitro large intestinal digestibility and DE of diets were determined in a CCSDS using ileal digesta and enzymes extracted from cecal digesta of pigs. The in vitro large intestinal digestibility and DE of four plant protein meals were determined by the difference between stomach–small intestinal and total tract digestion in the CCSDS. For the experimental diets, the in vitro ileal digestibility and DE were not different from corresponding in vivo values in basal diet and PNM diet, but greater than corresponding in vivo values for diets with RSM, CSM, and SFM (P &lt; 0.05). No difference was observed between in vitro and in vivo large intestinal digestibility and DE in five diets. For the feed ingredients, the in vitro ileal digestibility and DE did not differ from corresponding in vivo ileal values in RSM and PNM but were greater than the in vivo ileal values in CSM and SFM (P &lt; 0.05). The in vitro large intestinal GE digestibility and DE were not different from in vivo large intestinal values in RSM, CSM, and PNM, but lower than in vivo large intestinal values in SFM. This finding may relate to the higher fiber content of plant protein meals resulting in shorter digestion time of in vivo stomach–small intestine thus lower digestibility compared to in vitro, indicating it is necessary to optimize in vitro stomach–small intestinal digestion time.
Validation of the Psychosocial Assessment Tool Sibling Module Follow-Up Version
Authors: Davis Kathryn A , Alderfer Melissa A , Pariseau Emily , Lewis Amanda M , Kazak Anne E , Muriel Anna C , Long Kristin A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
Psychosocial screening is recommended to connect siblings of youth with cancer to psychosocial services, but the lack of validated sibling-specific screening tools is a barrier to routine screening. The current study aimed to validate and establish a clinical cutoff for the recently developed Psychosocial Assessment Tool (PAT) Sibling Module follow-up version to address this barrier.

Methods
Parents (N = 246) completed the PAT Sibling Module follow-up version for all siblings within their families ages 0–17 years (N = 458) at three time points between 6- and 24-month post-cancer diagnosis. For one target sibling within each family aged 8–17 years, parents also completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the target sibling completed the Child PTSD Symptom Scale. Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses examined internal consistency and convergent and predictive validity. Receiver operator characteristic analyses were used to establish a maximally sensitive and specific clinical cutoff.

Results
Internal consistency was acceptable for all age versions (Kuder-Richardson 20s ≥ 0.79), except for the ages 0–2 version, which had low internal consistency at 18 months post-diagnosis (Kuder-Richardson 20 = 0.57). Convergent (r values &gt;0.7, p values &lt;.001) and predictive (r values &gt;0.6, p values &lt;.001) validity were strong at each time point. An optimal clinical cutoff of 0.32 was identified (range: 0.00–1.00).

Conclusions
The PAT Sibling Module follow-up version is a reliable and valid screener for sibling psychosocial risk following cancer diagnosis. Validation of a sibling-specific screener and establishment of a clinical cutoff are necessary first steps to addressing siblings’ unmet psychosocial needs and improving trajectories of sibling functioning.
The application of simultaneous mainstem bronchus dilation with pulmonary artery stenting in the context of hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Authors: Hasan Salman S , Skaribas Elena E , Islam Elaijah , Allen David Z , Yuksel Sancak 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a congenital diagnosis that necessitates immediate intervention at the beginning of life to ensure survival past infancy and to optimize left-side cardiac function. Often, these required procedures can lead to deleterious side effects and resultant complications. In this case report, we present a 15-month-old patient with HLHS who underwent multiple procedures, including two aortic arch surgeries. After the interventions, the patient experienced left main pulmonary bronchus compression along with pulmonary artery stenosis. In this case, we outline an approach to performing vascular dilation without compromise of airway patency.
Rare serosal cystic gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor with extensive intestinal metaplasia in an adherent gastric mucosa; a case report in a 65-year-old male
Authors: Rehman Pir Muneeb , Sahrish Fariha , Iqbal Sahar , Tariq Tuba , Shoaib Muhammad , Rubab Sehrish , Imran Muhamad , Niazi Mehwish , Irum Saima , Aqeel Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) intestinal stromal tumors account for 60% of mesenchymal GI tract tumors commonly located in the stomach and small intestine, predominantly solid tumors that rarely undergo cystic degeneration. A 65-year-old patient with increasing upper abdominal swelling and a computed tomography scan abdomen showed a large unilocular 17 × 16 × 15 cm lesion. A colossal cystic swelling in the lesser omentum, anterior to the stomach, was found upon exploration. Histopathological examination showed a spindle cell tumor turned out to be CD117 positive and S100 negative on immunostains. The tumor was moderate risk gastric gastrointestinal intestinal stromal tumor (GIST) based on the site; Stomach, Size &gt;10 cm; Mitosis &lt;5/5 mm2 according to risk assessment of GIST, 2006. GISTs are predominantly solid tumors and rarely undergo cystic transformation. The primary differential diagnoses of spindle cell neoplasm are GISTs, Leiomyoma, Leiomyosarcoma and Schwannoma. These spindle cell neoplasms are differentiated by applying a panel of Immunohistochemical stains, CD117, SMA and S100.
Primary hyperparathyroidism associated with colorectal cancer: case report
Authors: Al Ameer Ahmed Y , Alqawba Amirah Hassan , Alqarni Dalia Hamed Eid , Alsaluli Reema Mesfer A , Aboregela Adel Mohamed , Alqarni Saad A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The association between colorectal cancer and primary hyperparathyroidism has been reported as case reports in the literature. There are few data regarding the molecular explanation of such coexistence. Here we report a case with synchronous pathologies of primary hyperparathyroidism and colorectal cancer. Furthermore, the patient has a positive family history of the same two pathologies in one of his first-degree relatives. We reviewed the literature to clarify and explain the relationship between these two diseases. We aimed to shed light on the coexistence of such conditions and to clarify if there is a relation between them or if it is just a coincidence.
The Ethics of Analytic Listening
Authors: Lemma Alessandra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chapter 4 considers the ethical complexity of psychoanalytic listening, addressing the questions of neutrality, objectivity, and power. Drawing on the work of the philosopher Emmanuel Levinas, it suggests that the essence of ethical listening involves preparedness for the ‘Other’, and it discusses how this otherness always demands something that conflicts with the therapist’s desire and narcissism. The Other primarily demands space in the therapist’s mind: this is what the therapist promises to offer but even in the best of circumstances, at some stage, the therapist will fall short of this promise because narcissism is not a developmental phase—it is a permanent feature of being human. The potential for iatrogenic effects in psychoanalytic work is therefore significant.
The SNR of a transit
Authors: Kipping David 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTAccurate quantification of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a given observational phenomenon is central to associated calculations of sensitivity, yield, completeness, and occurrence rate. Within the field of exoplanets, the SNR of a transit has been widely assumed to be the formula that one would obtain by assuming a boxcar light curve, yielding an SNR of the form $(\delta /\sigma _0) \sqrt{D}$. In this work, a general framework is outlined for calculating the SNR of any analytic function and it is applied to the specific case of a trapezoidal transit as a demonstration. By refining the approximation from boxcar to trapezoid, an improved SNR equation is obtained that takes the form $(\delta /\sigma _0) \sqrt{(T_{14}+2T_{23})/3}$. A solution is also derived for the case of a trapezoid convolved with a top-hat, corresponding to observations with finite integration time, where it is proved that SNR is a monotonically decreasing function of integration time. As a rule of thumb, integration times exceeding T14/3 lead to a 10 per cent loss in SNR. This work establishes that the boxcar transit is approximate and it is argued that efforts to calculate accurate completeness maps or occurrence rate statistics should either use the refined expression, or even better numerically solve for the SNR of a more physically complete transit model.
Cyclic processes in the uterine tubes, endometrium, myometrium, and cervix: pathways and perturbations
Authors: Holdsworth-Carson Sarah J , Menkhorst Ellen , Maybin Jacqueline A , King Anna , Girling Jane E 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This review leads the 2023 Call for Papers in MHR: ‘Cyclical function of the female reproductive tract’ and will outline the complex and fascinating changes that take place in the reproductive tract during the menstrual cycle. We will also explore associated reproductive tract abnormalities that impact or are impacted by the menstrual cycle. Between menarche and menopause, women and people who menstruate living in high-income countries can expect to experience ∼450 menstrual cycles. The primary function of the menstrual cycle is to prepare the reproductive system for pregnancy in the event of fertilization. In the absence of pregnancy, ovarian hormone levels fall, triggering the end of the menstrual cycle and onset of menstruation. We have chosen to exclude the ovaries and focus on the other structures that make up the reproductive tract: uterine tubes, endometrium, myometrium, and cervix, which also functionally change in response to fluctuations in ovarian hormone production across the menstrual cycle. This inaugural paper for the 2023 MHR special collection will discuss our current understanding of the normal physiological processes involved in uterine cyclicity (limited specifically to the uterine tubes, endometrium, myometrium, and cervix) in humans, and other mammals where relevant. We will emphasize where knowledge gaps exist and highlight the impact that reproductive tract and uterine cycle perturbations have on health and fertility.
Running Causation Aground
Authors: Andersen H K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The reduction of grounding to causation, or each to a more general relation of which they are species, has sometimes been justified by the impressive inferential capacity of structural equation modelling, causal Bayes nets, and interventionist causal modelling. Many criticisms of this assimilation focus on how causation is inadequate for grounding. Here, I examine the other direction: how treating grounding in the image of causation makes the resulting view worse for causation. The distinctive features of causal modelling that make this connection appealing are distorted beyond use by forcing them to fit onto grounding. The very inferential strength that makes causation attractive is only possible because of a narrow construal of what counts as a causal relation; as soon as that broadens, the inferential capacity markedly diminishes. Making causation suitable for application to grounding spoils what was appealing about causation for this task in the first place. However, grounding need not appeal to causation: causal modelling does not have exclusive claim to structural equation modeling or other formal techniques of modelling structure. I offer a case in favour of a different kind of metaphysical frugality, which tend towards narrow, more restrictive construals of relations like causation or grounding, because then each relation behaves more homogenously. This more homogenous behavior delivers stronger inferential power per relation even though there may be more relations to which one is committed.
Establishing clinical remission criteria for giant cell arteritis: Results of a Delphi exercise carried out by an expert panel of the Japan Research Committee of the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare for Intractable Vasculitis
Authors: Sugihara Takahiko , Yoshifuji Hajime , Uchida Haruhito A , Maejima Yasuhiro , Watanabe Yoshiko , Tanemoto Kazuo , Umezawa Natsuka , Manabe Yusuke , Ishizaki Jun , Shirai Tsuyoshi , Nagafuchi Hiroko , Hasegawa Hitoshi , Niiro Hiroaki , Ishii Tomonori , Nakaoka Yoshikazu , Harigai Masayoshi 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
To develop a proposal for giant cell arteritis remission criteria in order to implement a treat-to-target algorithm.

Methods
A task force consisting of 10 rheumatologists, 3 cardiologists, 1 nephrologist, and 1 cardiac surgeon was established in the Large-vessel Vasculitis Group of the Japanese Research Committee of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare for Intractable Vasculitis to conduct a Delphi survey of remission criteria for giant cell arteritis. The survey was circulated among the members over four reiterations with four face-to-face meetings. Items with a mean score of ≥4 were extracted as items for defining remission criteria.

Results
An initial literature review yielded a total of 117 candidate items for disease activity domains and treatment/comorbidity domains of remission criteria, of which 35 were extracted as disease activity domains (systematic symptoms, signs and symptoms of cranial and large-vessel area, inflammatory markers, and imaging findings). For the treatment/comorbidity domain, ≤5 mg/day of prednisolone 1 year after starting glucocorticoids was extracted. The definition of achievement of remission was the disappearance of active disease in the disease activity domain, normalization of inflammatory markers, and ≤5 mg/day of prednisolone.

Conclusion
We developed proposals for remission criteria to guide the implementation of a treat-to-target algorithm for giant cell arteritis.
‘
Two Sides of the Same Coin
’—A Proposed Model for Delivering a Whole System Serial Crime Reduction Plan
Authors: Halford Eric 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article describes how existing and newly emerged research can be combined to develop a more systematic model for responding to serial crimes. We believe that the model offers police services a more efficient and effective way to optimize the deployment and scheduling of police resources, and their associated activity, to combat serial offending. We suggest that the likely subsequent prevention and reduction of demand achieved will go some way to alleviate the impact of serial offending behavior. To develop our model, we draw upon criminological literature including theories of routine activity, rational choice, and situational crime prevention. By incorporating existing methods of hotspot identification, and combining these with processes to identify and respond to serial offending, we propose a six-stage, Dual Offender—Victim, Crime Prevention and Reduction model, that includes (1) crime linkage to identify serial offending; (2) near-repeat pattern analysis to identify the areas experiencing, and at immediate risk of victimization; (3) THE prediction of future, spatially displaced hotspots at high risk of victimization; (4) geographical profiling to identify the area of the likely home or base of the offender; (5) suspect mapping, ranking, targeting, and early intervention; and (6) tracking of spatial displacement, and offender management to maintain model effectiveness.
Deep TL: progress of a machine learning aided personal dose monitoring system
Authors: Derugin Evelin , Kröninger Kevin , Mentzel Florian , Nackenhorst Olaf , Walbersloh Jörg , Weingarten Jens 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPersonal dosemeters using thermoluminescence detectors can provide information about the irradiation event beyond the pure dose estimation, which is valuable for improving radiation protection measures. In the presented study, the glow curves of the novel TL-DOS dosemeters developed by the Materialprüfungsamt NRW in cooperation with the TU Dortmund University are analysed using deep learning approaches to predict the irradiation date of a single-dose irradiation of 10 mGy within a monitoring interval of 41 d. In contrast of previous work, the glow curves are measured using the current routine read-out process by pre-heating the detectors before the read-out. The irradiation dates are predicted with an accuracy of 2–5 d by the deep learning algorithm. Furthermore, the importance of the input features is evaluated using Shapley values to increase the interpretability of the neural network.
Radiological assessment of irrigation water used in Rustenburg, South Africa
Authors: Olagbaju Oluwadamilare P , Wojuola Olarenwaju B , Tshivhase Makondelele V 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Water is an essential input in agricultural production, which is why it plays an important role in food security. According to the World Bank, water irrigated agriculture represents about 20% of the total cultivated land and 40% of the total food produced globally. This makes water a direct and indirect route of radiation exposure to humans via contact, ingestion and consumption of agricultural products. Radiological assessment of irrigation water around Rustenburg, one of the mining and industrial cities in South Africa, is investigated in this study. The activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K in irrigation water samples were determined using the total mass elemental concentrations of uranium, thorium and potassium, measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. The activity concentrations of 238U and 40K range from 1.24 × 10−04 to 1.09 × 10−02 Bq/l, and 7.07 × 1000 to 1.32 × 10+01 Bq/l, with mean activity concentrations of 2.78 × 10−03 and 1.16 × 10+01 Bq/l, respectively. The activity concentration of 232Th was found below the detection level in all sampled irrigation water. Estimated annual effective dose because of ingestion because of 238U and 40K was also found to be below 120 μSv/y for 238U and 232Th, 170 μSv/y for 40K and a total of 290 μSv/y by the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. The estimated radiation dose and lifetime cancer risk indices indicate insignificant radiological risk, making the irrigation water safe for domestic and agriculture purposes.