bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical outcomes by serum potassium levels for patients hospitalized for heart failure: Secondary analysis of data from the China National Heart Failure Registry
Authors: Zhou Jingmin , Jin Xuejuan , Zhou Jun , Xu Yamei , Cui Xiaotong , Fu Michael , Hu Kai , Ge Junbo ,   the CN‐HF Investigators
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundDyskalemia is a mortality risk factor in patients with heart failure (HF).HypothesisWe described the prevalence of dyskalemia, and clinical outcomes by serum potassium (sK) levels, in Chinese patients hospitalized for HF.MethodsIn this secondary analysis of the prospective China National Heart Failure Registry, adult patients hospitalized between January 1, 2013 and June 30, 2015 who had at least one baseline sK measurement were followed for up to 3 years after discharge. The use of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors at baseline and clinical outcomes during follow‐up were compared among sK groups.ResultsAmong 6950 patients, 5529 (79.6%) had normokalemia (sK >3.5–5.0 mmol/L), 1113 (16.0%) had hypokalemia (sK 0–3.5 mmol/L), and 308 (4.4%) had hyperkalemia (sK >5.0 mmol/L). Baseline characteristics that were most common in patients with hyperkalemia than those with hypo‐ and normokalemia included older age, HF with reduced ejection fraction, New York Heart Association Class III/IV status, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease. Use of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) differed across sK groups (p = .0001); reported in 64.1%, 63.4%, and 54.5% of patients with hypo‐, normo‐, and hyperkalemia, respectively. Overall, 26.6%, 28.6%, and 36.0% of patients with hypo‐, normo‐, and hyperkalemia had rehospitalization for worsened HF, or cardiovascular mortality; p = .0057 for between‐group comparison.ConclusionsPatients with hyperkalemia received ACEIs or ARBs for HF treatment at baseline less frequently than those with hypo‐ or normokalemia, and had worse prognoses. This warrants further investigation into effective hyperkalemia management in HF.
r‐BRICS – A Revised BRICS Module That Breaks Ring Structures and Carbon Chains
Authors: Zhang Leili , Rao Vasumitra , Cornell Wendy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMolecular fragmentation has been frequently used for machine learning, molecular modeling, and drug discovery studies. However, the current molecular fragmentation tools often lead to large fragments that are useful to limited tasks. Specifically, long aliphatic chains, certain connected ring structures, fused rings, as well as various nitrogen‐containing molecular entities often remain intact when using BRICS. With no known methods to solve this issue, we find that the fragments taken from BRICS are inflexible for tasks such as fragment‐based machine learning, coarse‐graining, and ligand‐protein interaction assessment. In this work, a revised BRICS (r‐BRICS) module is developed to allow more flexible fragmentation on a wider variety of molecules. It is shown that r‐BRICS generates smaller fragments than BRICS, allowing localized fragment assessments. Furthermore, r‐BRICS generates a fragment database with significantly more unique small fragments than BRICS, which is potentially useful for fragment‐based drug discovery.
Experimental and Theoretical Structure Elucidation of the [2 : 1] Complex Ion of Carbo[n]helicene with n=6, 7 and 8 and Ag+
Authors: Oschwald Johannes , Reger David , Frühwald Stefan , Warmbrunn Vera , Görling Andreas , Jux Norbert , Drewello Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGas‐phase complexes of [n]helicenes with n=6, 7 and 8 and the silver(I) cation are generated utilizing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS). Besides the well‐established [1 : 1] helicene/Ag+‐complex in which the helicene provides a tweezer‐like surrounding for the Ag+, there is also a [2 : 1] complex formed. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations in conjunction with energy‐resolved collision‐induced dissociation (ER‐CID) experiments reveal that the second helicene attaches via π‐π stacking to the first helicene, which is part of the pre‐formed [1 : 1] tweezer complex with Ag+. For polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of planar structure, the [2 : 1] complex with silver(I) is typically structured as an Ag+‐bound dimer in which the Ag+ would bind to both PAHs as the central metal ion (PAH–Ag+–PAH). For helicenes, the Ag+‐bound dimer is of similar thermochemical stability as the π‐π stacked dimer, however, it is kinetically inaccessible. Coronene (Cor) is investigated in comparison to the helicenes as an essentially planar PAH. In analogy to the π‐π stacked dimer of the helicenes, the Cor−Ag+−Cor−Cor complex is also observed. Competition experiments using [n]helicene mixtures reveal that the tweezer complexes of Ag+ are preferably formed with the larger helicenes, with n=6 being entirely ignored as the host for Ag+ in the presence of n=7 or 8.
Prevalence of malocclusion in Turkish children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Londono Jimmy , Ghasemi Shohreh , Moghaddasi Negar , Baninajarian Homa , Fahimipour Amir , Hashemi Sara , Fathi Amirhossein , Dashti Mahmood 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this article is to establish a comprehensive nationwide prevalence of malocclusion traits on the sagittal, vertical, and transverse planes of space in the Turkish population.Material and MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was supplemented by manual searches of Google Scholar and the reference lists of included studies. Original Turkish health studies of any age were included. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology assessed study quality and bias (STROBE). Sagittal, vertical, and transverse malocclusion features were retrieved and gathered.ResultsEleven studies were selected from 434 titles. Two studies showed a high risk of bias, eight low and one moderate. Thirteen thousand two hundred seventy‐one individuals were investigated from early childhood to late adulthood. Most studies were sampled from universities and dental (nonorthodontic) clinics. The pooled malocclusion prevalence was 56% for Class I (95% confidence interval (CI): 44−68%), 31% for Class II (CI: 6–42%), and 11% for Class III (CI: 21–37%). The other common types of malocclusions were crowding (41%, CI: 18–65%), overjet (34%, CI: 21–50%), negative overjet (13%, CI: 7–20%), and crossbite (11%, CI: 7–15%). Additionally, there was no significant difference in Class I (relative risk [RR] = 1.00, [0.96–1.05]), Class II ([RR] = 0.97, [0.92–1.03]), and Class III ([RR] = 1.08, [0.96–1.225]) malocclusion by gender.ConclusionsThis study showed Class I malocclusion has a high prevalence among the Turkish population followed by Class II and Class III malocclusions. In addition, crowding and overjet were the most prevalent malocclusions among Turkish individuals. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of malocclusions between males and females.
Graphdiyne‐Based Multiscale Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Zhao Shuya , Chen Zhaoyang , Liu Huimin , Qi Lu , Zheng Zhiqiang , Luan Xiaoyu , Gao Yaqi , Liu Runyu , Yan Jiayu , Bu Fanle , Xue Yurui , Li Yuliang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGraphdiyne, a sp/sp2‐cohybridized two‐dimensional all‐ carbon material, has many unique and fascinating properties of alkyne‐rich structures, large π conjugated system, uniform pores, specific unevenly‐distributed surface charge, and incomplete charge transfer properties provide promising potential in practical applications including catalysis, energy conversion and storage, intelligent devices, life science, photoelectric, etc. These superior advantages have made graphdiyne one of the hottest research frontiers of chemistry and materials science and produced a series of original and innovative research results in the fundamental and applied research of carbon materials. In recent years, considerable advances have been made toward the development of graphdiyne‐based multiscale catalysts for nitrogen fixation and ammonia synthesis at room temperatures and ambient pressures. This review aims to provide a comprehensive update in regard to the synthesis of graphdiyne‐based multiscale catalysts and their applications in the synthesis of ammonia. The unique features of graphdiyne are highlighted throughout the review. Finally, it concludes with the discussion of challenges and future perspectives relating to graphdiyne.
A reconstructed LCC‐LCC compensated inductive power transfer system with inherent constant current to constant voltage transition capability
Authors: Ren Sheng , Yang Ping , Wang Xiaoqiang , Xu Jianping 
Published: August 2023

SummaryDue to the merits of convenience and flexibility, inductive power transfer (IPT) systems have become popular for energy storage devices, such as lithium‐ion batteries, which require constant current (CC) and constant voltage (CV) outputs. The conventional LCC‐LCC topology with high design freedom is widely used for battery charging. The conventional LCC‐LCC topology achieves the initial CC output and the subsequent CV output by reconfiguring its topology or hopping its operating frequency, which increases the control complexity. This paper proposes a reconstructed LCC‐LCC compensated IPT system, which can achieve the inherent CC‐to‐CV transition without extra components and control methods. Compared with the conventional LCC‐LCC topology having CC and CV outputs, the operating frequency and topology of the proposed IPT system are fixed. Besides, the battery state of charge (SOC) detection and wireless communication are not required. The analysis and parameters design of the proposed IPT system is performed. Finally, an experimental prototype of the proposed IPT system with 48 V input and 72 V/2 A output is built to validate the proposal.
A novel PFM/PWM hybrid modulated single‐stage FSBB‐LLC AC‐DC converter
Authors: Yi Junhong , Ma Hongbo , Lu Song , Li Xiaobin , Chen Zhe 
Published: August 2023

SummaryBy integrating the four switch buck–boost (FSBB) PFC and full‐bridge LLC resonant converter, a novel single‐stage FSBB‐LLC AC‐DC converter is proposed. Meanwhile, the corresponding PFM/PWM hybrid modulation is put forward. The proposed solution employs a dual‐loop feedback control strategy based on PFM/PWM hybrid modulation to obtain the desired bus voltage and stable output voltage. The bus voltage feedback loop is mainly used to smoothly determine the boost or buck–boost mode of FSBB PFC cell for regulating the bus voltage; the output voltage feedback loop is in charge of stabilizing the output voltage by adjusting the switching frequency or phase shifting angle. Furthermore, an optimal parameter design based on power balance principle is also derived. The experimental results of an 85 ~ 300 V input, 12V/25A output prototype demonstrate that (1) low and narrow bus voltage of 240 ~ 340 V is achieved under the entire input and output condition; (2) the LLC cell operates at DCX mode over the whole load range as the input voltage exceeds 120 V; (3) the output voltage is well regulated even under the no‐load condition; (4) ZVS feature for the shared switches is still maintained; and (5) a peak efficiency of 90.9% and PF values above 0.987 are achieved.
Stability of PEth 16:0/18:1, 16:0/18:2, 16:0/20:4, 18:0/18:1, 18:0/18:2, and 18:1/18:1 in authentic whole blood samples (at room temperature)
Authors: Aboutara Nadine , Jungen Hilke , Szewczyk Anne , Müller Alexander , Iwersen‐Bergmann Stefanie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a direct alcohol biomarker to monitor individuals' drinking behavior that has gained recognition in clinical and forensic settings. The increasing application of the marker makes investigation of the preanalytical handling necessary, and analyte stability deserves major attention. This study was conducted to investigate the change of six PEth homologues' concentration, stored in authentic samples of EDTA blood over a course of 30 days at room temperature (n = 62). The stability criterion of concentration being ±15% of the original concentration was fulfilled at mean for 10, 3, 2, 5, 2, and 7 days for PEth 16:0/18:1, 16:0/18:2, 16:0/20:4, 18:0/18:1, 18:0/18:2, and 18:1/18:1, respectively. Regarding all homologues, there were samples in which concentration had declined by >15% or by more than the critical difference on day 1. Overall, calculated concentration declines were very inhomogeneous, with inter‐sample differences of 43%–73% after 30 days. PEth 16:0/18:2, 16:0/20:4, and 18:0/18:2 declined to a greater extent than PEth 16:0/18:1. Blood alcohol concentration was measured >0.1‰ in 25 samples. Three of the six samples that exceeded 115% of initial concentrations were positive for blood alcohol. The study results add to the previously reported information on PEth stability and firstly look at six homologues in comparison.Due to the high scatter of stability among the samples and the observed poor stabilities in some, it can be concluded that transportation and storage times, especially if cooling cannot be provided, must be kept short. If analyzing from dried blood, spotting should preferably be conducted at the site of sampling.
Testing visual self‐misperception in anorexia nervosa using a symmetrical body size estimation paradigm
Authors: Gadsby Stephen , Zopf Regine , Brooks Kevin R. , Schumann Andy , de la Cruz Feliberto , Rieger Katrin , Murr Julia , Wutzler Uwe , Bär Karl‐Jürgen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveIndividuals diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN) often report seeing themselves as overweight. While body size estimation tasks suggest that such individuals overestimate their body size, these tasks have failed to establish whether this misestimation stems from visual misperception. Misestimation might, instead, be due to response bias. We designed a paradigm to distinguish between visual and response bias contributions to body size misestimation: the symmetrical body size estimation (s‐BSE) paradigm.MethodThe s‐BSE paradigm involves two tasks. In the conventional task, participants estimate the width of their photographed body by adjusting the size of a rectangle to match. In the transposed task, participants adjust the size of a photograph of their body to match the rectangle. If overestimation stems exclusively from visual misperception, then errors in each task would be equal and opposite. Using this paradigm, we compared the performance of women diagnosed with AN (n = 14) against women without any eating disorder (n = 40).ResultsIn the conventional task, we replicated previous findings indicating that both women with AN and women without any eating disorder overestimate their body size. In the transposed task, neither group adjusted the bodies to be narrower than the rectangle. Participants with AN set their photographs to be significantly wider.DiscussionWhile we replicated previous findings of body size overestimation amongst women with AN and those without any eating disorder, our results are inconsistent with the hypothesis that such overestimation stems exclusively from visual misperception and instead suggest a substantial response bias effect.Public SignificanceWomen with anorexia nervosa overestimate their own body size. Research has not yet determined whether this overestimation stems from them seeing themselves as larger or other, non‐visual factors. We employ a new method for distinguishing these possibilities and find that non‐visual factors influence size estimates for women with and without anorexia nervosa. This method can help future research control for non‐perceptual influences on participant responses.
Virtual parent‐led peer support groups for parents of children with eating disorders: A mixed methods feasibility study
Authors: Nicula Maria , Grennan Laura , Loewen Techiya , Crews Erica , Giuliani Kelly , Webb Cheryl , Gouveia Maria‐Rosa , Couturier Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the feasibility of a virtual parent‐led peer support group (vPLPSG) intervention for parents of children with eating disorders (EDs).MethodsForty‐four parents were invited to attend 2‐h‐long vPLPSG sessions every other week for 6 months. A convergent mixed methods design was used to integrate quantitative survey data (collected at three timepoints and analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA) and qualitative interview data (collected at 6 months and analyzed using content analysis) to assess intervention feasibility. Feasibility was comprised of acceptability (e.g., recruitment and retention rates, desire to continue attending the groups) and preliminary effectiveness (e.g., change in parents’ self‐reported burden).ResultsThe recruitment rate (67%), retention rate (77%), and attendance rate (60%) demonstrated adequate acceptability. All parents expressed their recommendation of this group to other parents, and most wanted to continue attending vPLPSG sessions. Participants qualitatively reported less isolation and burden as well as improvements in skills and confidence to manage their child's symptoms. These preliminary effectiveness findings were corroborated by quantitative data, with participants reporting a significant decrease in burden [mean difference (MD) = 6.61; p < .004], increase in confidence (MD = 11.17; p < .001), and decrease in unmet needs (MD = 5.03; p < .001) from baseline to 6‐months.DiscussionThe vPLPSG intervention demonstrated feasibility with respect to acceptability and improvements in preliminary parental outcomes. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention using a larger, more diverse sample.Public SignificanceDedicated efforts to support caregivers, such as through virtual parent‐led peer support groups, have the potential to increase confidence and decrease burden for parents managing their child's eating disorder.
Adducts of Bicyclic (Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene with ECl3 and Three Electron Reduction Thereof: Syntheses of BICAAC Stabilized E−E Bonded Compounds (E=P, Sb)
Authors: Adhikari Manu , Thakur Sandeep Kumar , Singh Sanjay 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe stoichiometric reaction of bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (BICAAC) with group 15 chlorides, ECl3 (E=P, Sb) to form the Lewis adducts BICAAC:ECl3 (E=P (1), Sb (2)) has been investigated in the present work. The BICAAC smoothly reacts with PPhCl2 to form [BICAAC:PPhCl2] which on in‐situ two electron reduction with 2 equivalents of KC8 afforded the phosphinidene complex, BICAAC=P‐Ph (3). Complete dechlorination of the BICAAC‐ECl3 adducts 1 and 2 with 3 equivalents of KC8 leads to three‐electron reduction to afford low‐valent trans bent bis(BICAAC)E2 complexes (E=P (4) and Sb (5)). These complexes are the first examples of BICAAC adducts with pnictogens and all the complexes have been characterized by different spectroscopic techniques and their solid‐state structure have been elucidated by single crystal X‐ray diffraction.
NHC‐Adducts of Cyclopentadienyl‐Substituted Alanes
Authors: Werner Luis , Mann Sophie , Radius Udo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe mono‐ and bis‐iodo‐substituted NHC‐stabilized alanes (NHC) ⋅ AlH2I and (NHC) ⋅ AlHI2 offer a convenient entry for further substitution reactions at aluminum. Reactions of (NHC) ⋅ AlH2I 1–4 with one equivalent of NaCp afforded the adducts (NHC) ⋅ AlH2Cp 9–12 (NHC=Me2ImMe (9), iPr2ImMe (10), iPr2Im (11), Dipp2Im (12)). Alane adducts with two Cp substituents (NHC) ⋅ AlHCp2 13–16 (NHC=Me2ImMe (13), iPr2ImMe (14), iPr2Im (15), Dipp2Im (16)) were prepared by the analogous reaction of (NHC) ⋅ AlHI2 5–8 using two equivalents of NaCp. The unusual dimeric adducts ((NHC) ⋅ AlH2Cp ⋅ CpMgI)2 17–19 (NHC=Me2ImMe (17), iPr2ImMe (18), iPr2Im (19)) were obtained from the reaction of 1–3 with MgCp2.
Liposomal doxorubicin and free doxorubicin in vivo quantitation method developed on CE‐LIF and its application in pharmacokinetic analysis
Authors: Tie Cai , Jiang Xiaojuan , Zhu Chunyan , Wu Caisheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs a novel drug delivery system, liposomes were used to improve pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) characters, minimize toxicity, and enhance drug–target selectivity. However, heterogeneity of drug releasing process and liposome itself challenged traditional pharmaceutical analytical techniques, especially in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. In this study, a novel liposomal doxorubicin (L‐DOX) pharmacokinetic analysis strategy was developed with capillary electrophoresis coupled with laser‐induced fluorescence (CE‐LIF) detector. The background electrolyte (BGE) system was composed of borate and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), which was optimized to successfully achieve simultaneous online separation and quantitative analysis of free DOX and liposome‐encapsulated DOX. The method was applied to the in vivo pharmacokinetic study of L‐DOX in rats. The results showed that the concentration of total DOX (T‐DOX) was gradually decreasing, while the concentration of L‐DOX was relatively stable, with a concentration of 31.6 ± 4.8 µg/mL within 24 h. It was the first time to achieve liposomal drugs in vivo analysis with CE‐LIF. CE‐LIF was proved as potential rapidly real‐time analytical methods for liposomal drugs in vivo occurrence monitoring.
A self‐adhesive bark veneer for all‐natural plywood
Authors: Wu Zhongxuan , Zhan Yan , He Shuaiming , Yue Panpan , Song Guanghui , Rao Jun , Lv Ziwen , Jiang Bo , Lü Baozhong , Chen Gegu , Peng Feng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe commercial plywood is mainly made of high‐value wood veneer and formaldehyde‐based adhesives, which pose a major risk to human health and environmental protection. Here, we report an all‐natural plywood made of self‐adhesive bark veneer directly from hardy rubber trees (HRT) via delignification, epoxidation reaction and densification. The resulting bark veneer is demonstrated with sandwich structures featuring natural integration between cellulose and biopolymer Eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG). The intrinsic EUG act as a potential strong “self‐adhesive” and water‐proofing agent, leading to bark veneer with high hardness, excellent hydrophobicity, wear resistance, and low thermal conductivity. Furthermore, we can produce the self‐adhesive plywood on a large scale directly from HRT bark using this approach without any adhesives, endowing it with environmental friendliness, safety in use, and health benefits of human beings. Combining its efficient and low‐cost production, the bark veneer shows great promise in fabricating high‐performance and environmentally sustainable plywood.image