bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical students' perception of the application of a virtual reality training model to acquire vaginal examination skills
Authors: Cheung Vincent Y. T. , Tang Yuk Ming , Chan Karen K. L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo review the perception of and feedback from medical students on the application of a virtual reality (VR) model to acquire vaginal examination (VE) skills.MethodsA specially designed VR training model on VE was developed with the aim of enhancing medical students' VE skills. Medical students attending the gynecology clinic were invited to try this VR training model. Their participation was voluntary and at the completion of their VR training, they were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire to give their feedback and perception regarding this learning experience.ResultsSixty‐five sixth‐year medical students completed the VR training and the feedback questionnaire: 55 (84.7%) of them reported that the training instructions were clear and 60 (92.4%) considered the training to the helpful in recalling the details of the tasks. It was also reported that VR technology could facilitate learning and interaction, and motivate learning in 80.1% and 66.2% of medical students, respectively.ConclusionVR technology is a potential teaching modality for medical students to acquire VE skills. However, further evaluation is needed to determine whether this learning tool is effective in enhancing clinical competence.
Use of intraoperative ultrasound to improve tension‐free vaginal tape‐obturator placement: A pilot study
Authors: González‐Díaz Enrique , Fernández Fernández Camino , Martin Corral Ana Victoria , Gutierrez Silvia Herce 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the use of intraoperative ultrasound (IUS) to achieve a postoperative optimal placement of the tension‐free vaginal tape‐obturator (TVT‐O).MethodsA cohort study was performed among women who underwent TVT‐O placement. In 25 women, ultrasound was used for the placement, and based on current evidence, the optimal intraoperative and postoperative ultrasound pattern was selected. They were compared with 25 women where IUS was not used.ResultsIUS increased operative time (by 7.5 min), and in 36% (9/25) of cases it was necessary to perform some corrections based on the ultrasound findings. After 1 month, in patients of the IUS group, the tapes were more frequently placed at a distance of 3–5 mm (P = 0.01), and it was more common for it to be placed between 40% and 70% relative to the urethral length (P = 0.011). Of tapes placed with IUS, 76% (met the optimal postoperative ultrasound pattern, as opposed to only 48% placed without IUS (P = 0.041). No differences were found in the complications or the functional results at 1 month post‐surgery.ConclusionThe use of IUS for the placement of TVT‐O allows us to position them optimally and avoid erroneous placements, although IUS increases the operative time without improving the functional results and the rate of complications.
Libkrylov: A modular open‐source software library for extremely large on‐the‐fly matrix computations
Authors: Rappoport Dmitrij , Bekoe Samuel , Mohanam Luke Nambi , Le Scott , George Naje’ , Shen Ziyue , Furche Filipp 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present the design and implementation of libkrylov, an open‐source library for solving matrix‐free eigenvalue, linear, and shifted linear equations using Krylov subspace methods. The primary objectives of libkrylov are flexible API design and modular structure, which enables integration with specialized matrix–vector evaluation “engines.” Libkrylov features pluggable preconditioning, orthonormalization, and tunable convergence control. Diagonal (conjugate gradient, CG), Davidson, and Jacobi–Davidson preconditioners are available, along with orthonormal and nonorthonormal (nKs) schemes. All functionality of libkrylov is exposed via Fortran and C application programming interfaces (APIs). We illustrate the performance of libkrylov for eigenvalue calculations arising in time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) in the Tamm–Dancoff approximation (TDA) and discuss the convergence behavior as a function of preconditioning and orthonormalization methods.
Correlation consistent auxiliary basis sets in density fitting Hartree–Fock: The atoms sodium through argon revisited
Authors: Nash Harry W. , Shaw Robert A. , Hill John Grant 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe present a series of auxiliary basis sets, for the elements Na to Ar, for use in density‐fitted Hartree–Fock calculations with the correlation consistent cc‐pV(n + d)Z orbital basis sets. Benchmarking on total molecular energies, reaction energies and the spectroscopic constants of the SO molecule demonstrate that the new sets address the deficiencies of using existing auxiliary sets in combination with these orbital basis sets. We also report auxiliary basis sets for Na and Mg matched to cc‐pVnZ, along with recommendations for pairing auxiliary basis sets to the cc‐pVnZ‐F12 basis sets for Hartree–Fock calculations.
Reconnecting with relational values in highly conflicted separating couples: A narrative therapy‐informed relational interviewing teamwork‐based supervision approach
Authors: Montesano Adrian , Madigan Stephen , Çakmak Kevser , Ness Ottar , Brønseth Stein Roger 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article outlines a new supervision practice of narrative therapy‐informed reflecting team‐based relational interviewing for a high‐conflict stuck case of a separated middle‐aged couple. The article demonstrates the supervision method consisting in five parts. First, the supervisor interviews the couples' relationship while the team watches from behind the one‐way mirror. Second, the team responds to the interview while the couple and the supervisor witness their conversation. The couple is then invited to respond back to the team. Furthermore, there is a meta‐conversation about the supervision in collaboration with the couple. The intervention ends with therapeutic letter writing to the relationship. The couple showed a meaningful shift in their positioning towards a more relational awareness and found valuable ways for continuing their therapy. The theoretical elements of the approach underpinning practice to tackle high conflict are considered through the illustration of the case.
The effect of colorization on the fetal lung heterogeneity index
Authors: Bracero Luis A. , Ghorayeb Sleiman R. , Kouba Insaf , Fukuda Rena , Lim Chae Eun , Blitz Mathew J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNo previous studies have quantitatively assessed the effect of color tones on ultrasound texture analysis techniques. Our objective was to compare heterogeneity index (HI) between fetal lung images captured in grayscale and those same images after conversion to Ice and Sepia. Fetal lung images were obtained during medically indicated ultrasound examinations. We observed that HI is affected by the application of color tones to ultrasound images of the fetal lung. Therefore, for each type of biological tissue and color tone, determination of distinct HI nomograms and cut off points is recommended.
Mental health impact of autism on families of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities of genetic origin
Authors: Wolstencroft Jeanne , Srinivasan Ramya , Hall Jeremy , van den Bree Marianne B. M. , Owen Michael J. ,   IMAGINE Consortium, Raymond F. Lucy , Skuse David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany children with an intellectual or developmental disability (IDD) have associated autism spectrum disorders (ASD), as well as an increased risk of mental health difficulties. In a cohort with IDD of genetic aetiology, we tested the hypothesis that excess risk attached to those with ASD + IDD, in terms of both children's mental health and parental psychological distress.MethodsParticipants with a copy number variant or single nucleotide variant (5–19 years) were recruited via UK National Health Service. 1904 caregivers competed an online assessment of child mental health and reported on their own psychological wellbeing. We used regression to examine the association between IDD with and without co‐occurring ASD, and co‐occurring mental health difficulties, as well as with parental psychological distress. We adjusted for children's sex, developmental level, physical health, and socio‐economic deprivation.ResultsOf the 1904 participants with IDD, 701 (36.8%) had co‐occurring ASD. Children with both IDD and ASD were at higher risk of associated disorders than those with IDD alone (ADHD: OR = 1.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.46–2.32,p < 0.0001; emotional disorders: OR = 1.85, 95%CI 1.36–2.5,p < 0.0001; disruptive behaviour disorders: OR = 1.79, 95%CI 1.36–2.37,p < 0.0001). The severity of associated symptoms was also greater in those with ASD (hyperactivity:B = 0.25, 95%CI 0.07–0.34,p = 0.006; emotional difficulties:B = 0.91, 95%CI 0.67 to 1.14,p < 0.0001; conduct problems:B = 0.25, 95%CI 0.05 to 0.46,p = 0.013). Parents of children with IDD and ASD also reported greater psychological distress than those with IDD alone (β = 0.1, 95% CI 0.85 to 2.21,p < 0.0001). Specifically, in those with ASD, symptoms of hyperactivity (β = 0.13, 95% CI 0.29–0.63,p < 0.0001), emotional difficulties (β = 0.15, 95% CI 0.26–0.51,p < 0.0001) and conduct difficulties (β = 0.07, 95% CI 0.07–0.37,p < 0.004) all significantly contributed to parental psychological distress.ConclusionsAmong children with IDD of genetic aetiology, one third have co‐occurring ASD. Not only do those with co‐occurring ASD present with a wider range of associated mental health disorders and more severe mental health difficulties than those with IDD alone, but their parents also experience more psychological distress. Our findings suggest that the additional mental health and behavioural symptoms in those with ASD contributed to the degree of parental psychological distress.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of human thermal comfort across southern Africa: An analysis of the Universal Thermal Climate Index for 1971–2021
Authors: Roffe Sarah J. , van der Walt Adriaan J. , Fitchett Jennifer M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe 6th Assessment of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change projects increasing thermal‐associated morbidity and mortality under anthropogenically induced warming. Over 100 indices exist to quantify thermal stress, and among these, the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) was developed for regional investigations of thermal stress influences on human health. Although by definition a universal index, current applications are mainly limited to Europe. For regions such as Africa, use of the UTCI has been hampered by a lack of available requisite input variables from ground‐based meteorological stations. To overcome this, a gridded dataset, derived from ERA5 reanalysis, of UTCI equivalent temperatures was developed by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts. Using this dataset for daily average, minimum and maximum UTCI values, we explore spatiotemporal patterns and changes thereof over annual, seasonal, and monthly scales across southern Africa from 1979 to 2021. Across these scales, 9 of 10 UTCI thermal stress categories were observed, ranging from very strong cold stress to extreme heat stress. Spatially, no thermal stress was most widespread for daily mean values, whereas for daily maximum (minimum) values there was a wider heat (cold) stress incidence, with frequent occurrences of moderate and strong heat stress (slight and moderate cold stress). Interannually, a clear El Niño–Southern Oscillation influence on thermal stress was evident during summer, with El Niño (La Niña) phases extending (reducing) heat stress incidences by up to 13.8% (2.9%). Over the study period, heat stress increased at statistically significant rates in many instances, with the strongest, most widespread increases, for the daily average and maximum (minimum), during spring (summer), averaging 0.28 and 0.29°C·decade−1 (0.23°C·decade−1); few regions experienced statistically significant decreasing trends. Overall, the trend results highlight regions vulnerable to significant thermal climate changes, and thus should be considered in decision‐making regarding outdoor activities.
Multiple gingival recessions associated with non‐carious cervical lesions treated by partial restoration and modified coronally advanced flap with either connective tissue graft or xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Santamaria Mauro Pedrine , Rossato Amanda , Fernanda Ferreira Ferraz Laís , Maria Viana Miguel Manuela , Venturoso Simões Beatriz , Pereira Nunes Marcelo , Bresciani Eduardo , de Sanctis Massimo , Mathias‐Santamaria Ingrid Fernandes 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to compare a connective tissue graft (CTG) to a (porcine) xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix (XDM), both associated with modified coronally advanced flap (MCAF) and partial resin composite restoration to treat multiple combined defects (CDs).MethodsSeventy‐eight defects in 38 patients presenting multiple combined defects, that is, gingival recession associated with non‐carious cervical lesions, were treated by partial resin composite restoration (apical margin up to 1 mm of the estimated cement‐enamel junction) and MCAF along with CTG or XDM. After 6 months, the groups were compared with regard to clinical, patient‐centered, and esthetic outcomes.ResultsCD coverage was 72.9% for CTG versus 50.7% for XDM (P < 0.001). Recession reduction was 2.3 mm for CTG versus 1.5 mm for XDM (P < 0.001). CTG resulted in a greater increase in keratinized tissue width (CTG: 0.96 mm vs. XDM: 0.3 mm, P = 0.04) and gingival thickness (CTG: 0.9 mm vs. XDM: 0.3 mm, P < 0.001). Both treatments successfully reduced dentin hypersensitivity and increased esthetics satisfaction, with no statistically significant intergroup differences. Moreover, XDM patients experienced a shorter surgery duration (CTG: 57.2 min vs. XDM: 37.4 min, P < 0.001) and less time to no pain (visual analog scale = 0; CTG: 6.5 days vs. XDM: 3.5 days, P = 0.04).ConclusionCTG resulted in significantly greater root coverage and increased keratinized tissue width compared to XDM for treating multiple partially restored CDs. However, increased root coverage at the CTG sites was accounted for by increased probing depth compared to the XDM sites
Variability and chemical composition of the extractive content of woody residues from three European orchard species: apricot (Prunus Armeniaca L.), olive (Olea Europea L.), and orange trees (Citrus Sinensis L.)
Authors: Bruno Maria Roberta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe huge quantity of agricultural biomass has led Europe to issue directives to ensure that it is properly managed. Among the permanent European crops area, olive, orange, and apricot orchards are the most present. The management of these crops produces significant amounts of biomass, which very often is burned in the field. With a view to the circular economy, this study aims to analyze the secondary metabolites present in the biomass of these three crops.ResultsSecondary metabolites were extracted from wood and bark by an Accelerated Solvent Extractor at 120° using water, ethanol, and a mixture of water and ethanol as solvents. In addition, the identification of the molecules present in the extracts was attempted using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a mass spectrometer (MS). The analysis showed that in the three crops, the highest yields of extract were measured in the bark while the species that has shown the highest yield compared to the others was the olive tree. HPLC–MS technique revealed interesting molecular compounds, such as catechins, epicatechins, and oleuropein, respectively in the apricot and olive extracts.ConclusionThe biomass extractives of these three species highlighted an interesting potential for applications in various industrial sectors such as for example, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and agriculture.
Nanoprecipitates of γ‐cyclodextrin/epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate inclusion complexes as efficient antioxidants for preservation of shrimp surimi products: synthesis, performance and mechanism
Authors: Wang Zonghan , Guo Chao , Li Deyang , Zhou Dayong , Liu Donghong , Zhu Beiwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDEpigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) is well known for excellent chain‐breaking antioxidant capability. However, browning by oxidation and aggregation of EGCG is a non‐negligible defect that hinders its applications as an antioxidant in various foodstuffs. Therefore, how to eliminate or mitigate browning efficiently, while retaining functionalities as food additive is a challenge in the food industry.RESULTSOur results demonstrated that EGCG could be anchored within the internal cavity of γ‐cyclodextrin (γ‐CD) to form an inclusion structure, where hydrophobic interaction, hydrogen bonding, and π‐stacking were identified to be the primary drivers. The interplay between two molecules and the steric hindrance from γ‐CD could restrict the motion and aggregation of EGCG efficiently, thus alleviating the browning effect. In addition, the conformational adaption of EGCG within the inclusions would result in general decreases in hydrogen‐bond dissociation enthalpies for the pyrogallol‐type structure on the b ring, thus enhancing the antioxidant capability. In practical application, the nanoscale γ‐CD/EGCG inclusion complexes were validated preliminarily as efficient additives in the preservation of shrimp surimi, presenting significant effects on prolonging the shelf‐life of products.CONCLUSIONHere, nanoscale γ‐CD/EGCG inclusion complexes as alternatives to EGCG were tailored as food antioxidants for the preservation of shrimp surimi products, exerting antioxidant effects while mitigating the browning effects of EGCG on products. Through self‐assembly, EGCG would be anchored with the cavity of γ‐CD, which could regulate the release modes and restrict the aggregation of EGCG. This facile strategy has great potential in food preservation. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Multiclonal study of Daphnia magna with respect to adaptation to toxic cyanobacteria
Authors: Lange Jacqueline , Berges Amelie Cara , von Elert Eric 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMass developments of toxic cyanobacteria have increased in frequency due to global warming and eutrophication. Such cyanobacterial blooms impact whole freshwater ecosystems, especially reducing the abundance of herbivory species of the genus Daphnia. These negative effects on Daphnia have frequently been attributed to cyanobacterial secondary metabolites, among them hepatotoxic microcystins and protease inhibitors. Protease inhibitors inhibit major digestive proteases in the gut of Daphnia which results in reduced fitness, that is, population growth. To date evidence for local adaptation of Daphnia to cyanobacteria is confined to microcystin‐producing cyanobacteria and based on comparison of individual clones from different populations but lacks evidence from multiclone microcosm experiments. In the present study, D. magna clones from a Swedish lake where they coexist with the microcystin‐free Microcystis sp. strain BM25 were compared to clones from a Polish population without cyanobacteria, first in single‐clone experiments and subsequently in a multiclonal experimental population. The Swedish clones were assumed to be locally adapted to this protease inhibitor‐producing cyanobacterium and indeed showed higher population growth rates, a proxy for fitness, and dominated the population in the presence of dietary Microcystis sp. BM25, but not in the absence of this cyanobacterium. The results indicate an adaptive tolerance of the Swedish population and point at local adaptation to locally co‐occurring protease inhibitor‐producing cyanobacteria.
Parkinson's Disease‐Cognitive Rating Scale (PD‐CRS): Normative Data and Mild Cognitive Impairment Assessment in Brazil
Authors: Brandão Pedro Renato de Paula , Pereira Danilo Assis , Grippe Talyta Cortez , Bispo Diógenes Diego de Carvalho , Maluf Fernando Bisinoto , Yunes Márcia Pereira , Nunes Filho Gilberto , Alves Cândida Helena Lopes , Pagonabarraga Javier , Kulisevsky Jaime , da Costa Andressa Mátos Luiz , Serafim Cristiano Franco do Val , Ferreira Ana Carolina da Bouza , Bastos Arthur de Melo Monteiro , Belchior Ana Clara Fernandes , de Almeida Beatriz Luna Coutinho , de Almeida e Castro Brenda Macedo , Matos Matheus Sampaio , de Matos Rodrigo Cardoso , Rios Gabriel de Almeida , Carneiro Lorena Oliveira , da Mota Bianca Christie Costa , Castro Lucas Ernesto do Rêgo , Rocha Vitória Luísa Silveira , Tavares Maria Clotilde Henriques , Cardoso Francisco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Parkinson's Disease‐Cognitive Rating Scale (PD‐CRS) assesses posterior‐cortical and frontal‐subcortical cognitive functioning and distinguishes mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD‐MCI); however, it was not evaluated in Brazil.ObjectivesTo investigate PD‐CRS's reliability, validity, normative data, and accuracy for PD‐MCI screening in Brazil.MethodsThe effects of age, education, and sex on PD‐CRS scores were explored. The instrument was tested in 714 individuals (53% female, 21–94 years), with a broad range of education and no neurodegenerative disorder. Trail Making, Consonant Trigrams, Five‐Point, and semantic fluency tests were administered for comparison. A second study enrolled patients with PD and intact cognition (n = 44, 59.75 ± 10.79 years) and with PD‐MCI (n = 25, 65.76 ± 10.33 years) to investigate criterion validity. PD‐CRS subtests were compared with the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Battery memory and executive tasks.ResultsPD‐CRS was unidimensional and reliable (McDonald's ω = 0.83). Using robust multiple regressions, age, and education predicted the total and derived scores in the normative sample. At the 85‐point cutoff, PD‐MCI was detected with 68% sensitivity and 86% specificity (area under the curve = 0.870). PD‐CRS scores strongly correlated with executive and verbal/visual memory tests in both normative and clinical samples.ConclusionsThis study investigated the applicability of PD‐CRS in the Brazilian context. The scale seems helpful in screening for PD‐MCI, with adequate internal consistency and construct validity. The PD‐CRS variance is influenced by age and educational level, a critical issue for cognitive testing in countries with educational and cultural heterogeneity.