bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensive epidural pneumatosis and pneumomediastinum combined with diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Hirata Akiko , Yonezawa Naoki , Fukasawa Miho , Fujisawa Michiko 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageEpidural pneumatosis and pneumomediastinum are rare, benign complications of diabetic ketoacidosis. As they can mimic serious conditions including esophageal rupture, diagnostic evaluation, and attentive monitoring are crucial.AbstractDiabetic ketoacidosis can rarely present with epidural pneumatosis and pneumomediastinum, possibly due to forceful vomiting and Kussmaul breathing. Recognizing these pneumocomplications is crucial, as they can mimic severe conditions, including esophageal rupture. Consequently, diagnostic workup and vigilant monitoring are critical, even though these pneumocomplications are typically benign and self‐resolving.
An imaging artifact unmasked by contrast‐enhanced transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Hannesse Colin , Benoît Martin , Higny Julien 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessagePerforming transesophageal imaging of the left atrial appendage is key before cardioversion for atrial fibrillation. Ultrasound artifacts may induce misinterpretation and decrease in confidence for thrombus exclusion.
Morgagni hernia presenting in a 68‐year‐old patient treated for pneumonia
Authors: Kurti Floreta , Kristani Pranvera , Vyshka Gentian 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageWe report an unusual case of an advanced congenital diaphragmatic hernia (Morgagni type) in an elderly patient, which was initially diagnosed and treated for pneumonia. Surgical repair through laparotomy is the method of choice in acute and complicated cases such as our patient. She was successfully treated surgically.AbstractMorgagni hernia represents a congenital form of diaphragmatic hernia that due to its frequent complications is regularly diagnosed during late infancy or early adulthood. Described some centuries before, its pathogenesis is still a matter of controversy. Nevertheless, authors converge into the option of surgical repair that, as a rule, ensures a definite resolution of symptoms. We describe the case of a female patient aged 68 years old, which was being treated for pneumonia. Due to persistent vomiting, malaise, and lack of improvement, she underwent imaging procedures that initially suspected and thereafter confirmed the presence of a huge intrathoracic right Morgagni hernia, needing surgery.
Challenging, giant occipital encephalocele in a pediatric saipanese male
Authors: Loya Joshua , Brown Nolan J. , Gonda David , Levy Michael 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageGiant occipital encephalocele is a rare form of congenital anomaly that involves protrusion of brain tissue (greater in size than the patient's cranial cavity) from a defect in the skull. This case reports illustrates repair of a giant encephalocele and emphasizes important methods to reduce risk for blood loss and other complications.AbstractA rare form of congenital anomaly, giant occipital encephalocele involves protrusion of brain tissue from a defect in the skull (in this case from the occiput). While encephalocele itself is a fairly rare entity, those qualifying as “giant”—defined by size of the deformity exceeding that of the skull itself – require very technically challenging surgery.
Continuous‐Flow Suzuki‐Miyaura Coupling in Water and Organic Solvents Promoted by Blends of Stabilized Convoluted Polymeric Palladium Catalysts and Polymeric Auxiliary Materials
Authors: Zhang Zhenzhong , Ohno Aya , Takaya Hikaru , Yamada Yoichi M. A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven that heterogeneous palladium‐catalyzed C−C bond formation reactions under continuous‐flow conditions are well suited for the efficient and safe production of pharmaceuticals and functional materials, the development of active and durable catalysts for this purpose is a matter of high practical significance. Here, a previously established molecular convolution methodology was used to synthesize catalysts for Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling under flow conditions by blending convoluted polymeric palladium catalysts (prepared from copolymers of 4‐vinylpyridine and 4‐tert‐butylstyrene) and crosslinked polymeric auxiliary materials (prepared from copolymers of divinylbenzene and 4‐tert‐butylstyrene). The optimal catalyst exhibited high performance and durability and allowed numerous biaryl products such as liquid‐crystalline materials, organic electroluminescent materials, and pharmaceuticals to be continuously synthesized with turnover frequencies of up to 238 h−1. In a demonstration of practical utility, the developed catalytic system was used for the continuous synthesis of two pharmaceuticals (felbinac and fenbufen) in water as the sole solvent.
N‐Alkylated Pyridoxal Derivatives as Negative Electrolyte Materials for Aqueous Organic Flow Batteries: Computational Screening**
Authors: Hamza Andrea , Németh Flóra B. , Madarász Ádám , Nechaev Anton , Pihko Petri M. , Peljo Pekka , Pápai Imre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractN‐functionalized pyridinium frameworks derived from the three major vitamers of vitamin B6, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine, have been screened computationally for consideration as negative electrode materials in aqueous organic flow batteries. A molecular database including the structure and the one‐electron standard reduction potential of related pyridinium derivatives has been generated using a computational protocol that combines semiempirical and DFT quantum chemical methods. The predicted reduction potentials span a broad range for the investigated pyridinium frameworks, but pyridoxal derivatives, particularly those involving electron withdrawing substituents, have potentials compatible with the electrochemical stability window of aqueous electrolytes. The stability of radicals formed upon one‐electron reduction has been analyzed by a new computational tool proposed recently for large‐scale computational screening.
Iron‐Mediated C−H Functionalization of Unactivated Alkynes for the Synthesis of Derivatized Dihydropyrrolones: Regioselectivity Under Thermodynamic Control
Authors: Durham Austin C. , Liu Cindy R. , Wang Yi‐Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl‐based complexes present opportunities for underexplored disconnections in synthesis. Access to challenging dihydropyrrolone products is achieved by propargylic C−H functionalization of alkynes for the formation of cyclic organoiron species. Excellent regioselectivity for unsymmetrical alkynes is observed in many cases. Notably, regioselectivity under these stoichiometric conditions diverges from those observed previously under catalysis, occurring at the more‐substituted terminus of the alkyne, allowing for methine functionalization and the formation of quaternary centers. Divergent demetallation of the intermediate organoiron complexes gives access to chemically diverse products which are amenable to further functionalization.
Pretreatment with fine bubbles for effective zinc ion precipitation and removal from zinc electroplating wastewater
Authors: Morikubo Satoshi , Nishida Aoi , Enomoto Daisuke , Narita Takefumi , Takuma Yasuhiko 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHeavy metals such as zinc are widely used in plating plants for the processing of material surfaces; therefore, an adequate wastewater treatment is required afterwards to comply with wastewater regulations. However, the presence of chemicals such as degreasing agents in the wastewater generated from the plating process inhibits the formation of hydroxides, thereby making treatment of wastewater and compliance with the stipulated regulations difficult. Herein, the effects of fine bubbles on oil cleaning and wastewater treatment were investigated for developing an alternative cleaning technology to degreasing agents. The concentration of fine bubbles significantly affected the oil cleaning. The fine bubbles demonstrated remarkable cleaning of highly viscous oil, which was difficult to remove using pure water. The high cleaning effect of fine bubbles on oil was achieved because of the hydrophobic interaction of the bubbles. Furthermore, a decrease in cleaning effect was observed for samples with uneven shapes, which was attributed to the difficulty in penetration of fine bubbles in materials with irregularities. Furthermore, fine bubble cleaning exhibited better efficiency for wastewater treatment than degreaser cleaning. Therefore, fine bubble cleaning is speculated to be an excellent cleaning technology with high oil cleaning effectiveness and improved wastewater treatability.
Isolation, In Vitro Differentiation, and Culture of Murine Megakaryocytes From Fetal Liver and Adult Bone Marrow
Authors: Mott Kristina , Schulze Harald 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMegakaryocytes (MKs) are the source of circulating platelets and are readily recognized by their large size and distinctive morphology. Their poor representation in hematopoietic tissues often requires enrichment or considerable ex vivo expansion to generate cells for biochemical and cell biological studies. These experimental protocols describe the enrichment of primary MKs directly from the murine bone marrow as well as in vitro differentiation of fetal liver– or bone marrow–derived hematopoietic stem cells into MKs. Although in vitro–differentiated MKs are not synchronized in their maturation, they can be enriched over an albumin density gradient, and one‐third to one‐half of recovered cells will typically elaborate proplatelets. Support protocols describe methods for preparing fetal liver cells, identifying mature rodent MKs by staining for flow cytometry analysis, and immunofluorescence staining of fixed MKs for confocal laser scanning microscopy. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Isolation of mature bone marrow megakaryocytes by magnetic‐activated cell sortingBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of a megakaryocyte suspension culture from murine fetal livers or lineage‐depleted adult bone marrowSupport Protocol 1: Preparation of a single‐cell suspension from murine fetal livers for megakaryocyte cultureSupport Protocol 2: Megakaryocyte culture from lineage‐depleted murine bone marrowSupport Protocol 3: Quality control of megakaryocyte culture with flow cytometrySupport Protocol 4: Immunofluorescence staining of megakaryocytes for detection with confocal laser scanning microscopy
The Implications of Coupling an Electron Transfer Mediated Oxidation with a Proton Coupled Electron Transfer Reduction in Hybrid Water Electrolysis
Authors: Mondal Biswajit , Dinda Soumitra , Karjule Neeta , Mondal Sanjit , Raja Kottaichamy Alagar , Volokh Michael , Shalom Menny 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover are the groups of Menny Shalom at the Ben‐Gurion University of the Negev, Israel and Dr. Biswajit Mondal at Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, India. The image shows the connection between two half‐cells: an electron transfer‐mediated [(2,2,6,6‐tetramethyl‐1‐piperidin‐1‐yl)oxyl] (TEMPO)‐catalyzed benzylamine oxidation at the anode and a proton‐coupled electron transfer at the cathode for hydrogen generation. The difference in pH dependence of the anodic and cathodic processes enables hybrid water electrolysis at low cell potential (∼1.0 V) by adjusting only the pH value of the electrolytic medium. The Research Article itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202202271.
Environmental DNA metabarcoding revealed the impacts of anthropogenic activities on phytoplankton diversity in Dianchi Lake and its three inflow rivers
Authors: Lin Yuanyuan , Zhong Wenjun , Zhang Xiaowei , Zhou Xiaohua , He Liwei , Lv Jiacheng , Zhao Zheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhytoplankton diversity is closely related to environmental variables and has been widely used in ecological health assessment of rivers and lakes. Combining advantages of DNA‐based identification and high‐throughput sequencing technology, environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding permits a new measurement for biodiversity monitoring in aquatic ecosystems. However, it had rarely been used to explore the variability and similarity of phytoplankton diversity between lake and its inflow rivers and the effects of environmental variables on phytoplankton. This study utilized eDNA metabarcoding to investigate the spatial distribution of phytoplankton and the impacts of environmental variables on the phytoplankton diversity in Dianchi Lake (one of the most polluted urban lakes in China) and its main inflow rivers (Panlong River, Baoxiang River, and Chai River). A total of 243 distinct phytoplankton taxa were detected, covering 9 phyla, 30 classes, 84 orders, and 132 families, and the taxonomic richness of rivers was higher than that of Dianchi Lake. Distinct biodiversity patterns (e.g., community structure, dominant taxon, ɑ‐diversity) were exhibited among Dianchi Lake and its three inflow rivers, but similar biodiversity patterns were also observed in Dianchi Lake and the estuarine sites. The patterns of phytoplankton diversity were closely related to environmental variables, which were associated with pollution sources from different anthropogenic activities (e.g., urbanization, water diversion, industrial and agricultural activities). The primary environmental variables correlated with phytoplankton diversity varied in different habitats. The total phosphorus (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) positively correlated with the phytoplankton community structures in Dianchi Lake, whereas negatively correlated in Panlong River and Baoxiang River. The total nitrogen (TN) positively correlated with the phytoplankton community structures in Baoxiang River and Chai River but negatively correlated in Dianchi Lake. Overall, this study provides insights on the phytoplankton diversity monitoring and the conservation of its diversity and healthy management of Dianchi Lake.
A unified meta‐ecosystem dynamics model: Integrating herbivore‐plant subwebs with the intermittent upwelling hypothesis
Authors: Menge Bruce A. , Gravem Sarah A. , Richmond Erin , Noble Mae M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDetermining the relative influence of biotic and abiotic processes in structuring communities at local to large spatial scales is best understood using a biogeographic comparative‐experimental approach. Using this approach, previous work suggests that intertidal community dynamics (top‐down and bottom‐up effects) vary unimodally along an upwelling‐based productivity gradient, termed the Intermittent Upwelling Hypothesis (IUH). Evidence consistent with the IUH comes from the sessile invertebrate/predator (SIP) subweb in certain rocky intertidal communities, but whether this pattern extends to macrophyte/herbivore (MH) subwebs is unknown. Here we ask: Are MH subwebs also structured as predicted by the IUH? What is the relative importance of herbivory and predation in structuring these communities? Under what conditions do ecological subsidies like nutrients or propagule production drive community dynamics? And are omnivorous interactions important? We hypothesize that MH subwebs are driven by a new construct, the Grazing‐Weakening Hypothesis (GWH), which states that MH interactions weaken monotonically with increasing nutrients, with strong (weak) herbivory and low (high) macrophyte productivity at low (high) nutrients. We explored local‐to‐large spatial scale dynamics of both subwebs using a biogeographic comparative‐experimental factorial field experiment testing joint and separate effects of herbivores and predators between two continents. Experiments at 10 sites ranging from persistent upwelling to persistent downwelling regimes ran for 26–29 months in Oregon and California, and New Zealand (NZ) South Island. For the MH subweb, results were consistent with the GWH: herbivory declined and macrophytes increased with increasing nutrients. As expected, results for the SIP subweb were consistent with the IUH: predator effect size was unimodally related to upwelling. Overall, herbivory explained more variation in community structure than did predation, especially in NZ. Omnivory was weak, sessile invertebrates outcompeted macrophytes, and ocean‐driven subsidies provided the basic template driving ecosystem dynamics. We propose a unified meta‐ecosystem dynamics model combining MH and SIP results: with increased upwelling, sessile invertebrates and underlying dynamics vary unimodally (as in the IUH), while herbivory decreases and macrophytes generally increase. While this model was based on research in temperate ecosystems varying in upwelling regime, its wider applicability remains to be tested.
Opportunities to accelerate extracellular vesicle research with cell‐free synthetic biology
Authors: Kelwick Richard J. R. , Webb Alexander J. , Heliot Amelie , Segura Clara Tresserras , Freemont Paul S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid‐membrane nanoparticles that are shed or secreted by many different cell types. The EV research community has rapidly expanded in recent years and is leading efforts to deepen our understanding of EV biological functions in human physiology and pathology. These insights are also providing a foundation on which future EV‐based diagnostics and therapeutics are poised to positively impact human health. However, current limitations in our understanding of EV heterogeneity, cargo loading mechanisms and the nascent development of EV metrology are all areas that have been identified as important scientific challenges. The field of synthetic biology is also contending with the challenge of understanding biological complexity as it seeks to combine multidisciplinary scientific knowledge with engineering principles, to build useful and robust biotechnologies in a responsible manner. Within this context, cell‐free systems have emerged as a powerful suite of in vitro biotechnologies that can be employed to interrogate fundamental biological mechanisms, including the study of aspects of EV biogenesis, or to act as a platform technology for medical biosensors and therapeutic biomanufacturing. Cell‐free gene expression (CFE) systems also enable in vitro protein production, including membrane proteins, and could conceivably be exploited to rationally engineer, or manufacture, EVs loaded with bespoke molecular cargoes for use in foundational or translational EV research. Our pilot data herein, also demonstrates the feasibility of cell‐free EV engineering. In this perspective, we discuss the opportunities and challenges for accelerating EV research and healthcare applications with cell‐free synthetic biology.
Hepatic presentations of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome in children: A single tertiary liver centre experience
Authors: Vara R. , Pinon M. , Fratter C. , Hegarty R. , Hadzic N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes (MDDS) are a heterogeneous group and the hepato‐cerebral phenotype is highly variable. A single centre retrospective study of all patients with MDDS presenting between January 2002 and September 2019. In total, 24 (13 male) children were identified: 7 POLG, 7 DGUOK, and 10 MPV17. Median age at presentation was 3 months (0.06–189). Sixteen had acute liver failure (ALF) and eight chronic cholestasis and/or raised transaminases. Four POLG patients developed liver injury after starting sodium valproate; Six DGUOK patients had neonatal ALF (median age 12 days), liver involvement developed at a median age of 2.5 and 11 months with MPV17 and POLG patients, respectively. Eighteen patients showed neurological involvement. Liver histology from 10 patients showed variable degrees of necrosis, steatosis, cholestasis, and fibrosis. Mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymology was abnormal in 5. Seventeen patients died at a median age of 8 months (range, 1–312) after a median time of 5.6 months from presentation: 5/7 POLG at 53 months, 7/7 DGUOK at 8 months and 5/10 MPV17 at 8 months. Three patients with MPV17 mutations received liver transplant (LT) at a median age of 24 months (range 5–132): all alive at 19, 18 and 3 years post‐LT. Mutations in DGUOK and MPV17 genes are associated with a severe clinical phenotype characterised by early‐onset/neonatal ALF or rapidly progressive cholestasis and death before 12 months of age. A subset of MPV17 patients was amenable to LT. Consideration for LT in infantile ALF remains difficult and rapid genetic testing is advised.
Downscaling wind speed based on coupled environmental factors and machine learning
Authors: Lu Yuming , Wu Bingfang , Elnashar Abdelrazek , Yan Nana , Zeng Hongwei , Zhu Weiwei , Pang Bo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWind speed changes impact society and have important implications for climate change studies. Thus, high‐resolution and high‐quality wind speed datasets are necessary for environmental monitoring and ecosystem research. However, there is no complete set of high spatial and temporal resolution wind speed datasets for China. Additionally, it is extremely challenging to produce wind speed data at high spatial and temporal resolution for large‐scale regions with diverse climate types and complex topographies, such as China. In this study, we used multisource remote sensing images, obtained data on various environmental factors through the Google Earth Engine and Evapotranspiration (ET) Watch Cloud platforms, and combined machine learning algorithms to downscale the ERA5 reanalysis wind speed data, and finally obtained the daily wind speed datasets with 1 km spatial resolution for China in 2015. To verify the accuracy of the model and data products, we selected several metrics to evaluate in conjunction with the actual site observed data. The results show that the multifactor combination model of artificial neural network combining land surface temperature, sunshine durations and roughness factors outperforms a single‐factor combination model, and the results were in good agreement with the original data (R2 of 0.95 and RMSE of 0.40 m·s−1). The final wind speed data products were also in good agreement with the observed meteorological data (R2 range of 0.86–0.95 and RMSE range of 0.33–0.44 m·s−1); moreover, the accuracy and precision were greatly improved over the original data. This study provided a dataset that has potential applications in future climate change and ecosystem studies.