bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Let them research with
Authors: Berntsen Madelene Losvik , Vik Camilla Berge , Lykknes Annette 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe French natural philosopher Henri Victor Regnault (1810–1878) was one of many researchers who contributed to the development of the thermometer in the 19th century. In this paper, we use an example from Regnault’s work to explore how the history of thermometry can provide a context for teaching upper-secondary chemistry students about the nature of science (NOS), particularly its aims and values. The study takes form as a hermeneutical spiral, wherein literature on the history and philosophy of science, NOS, the family resemblance approach (FRA), NOS teaching, characteristics of narratives, and the new performative paradigm feed into the spiral, along with input from an empirical study. A teaching unit (n = 21, duration = 90 min) was developed and tested on Norwegian students aged 17–18 years, and a thematic analysis of students’ statements (n = 13) was carried out. The students identified “being first,” “usefulness,” “accuracy,” and “minimalism” as values and aims that guided Regnault’s work. We argue that the use of this particular historical episode framed within FRA (1) invited students to identify with the human actor—Regnault, (2) invited students into the historical context of the development of the thermometer, and (3) demonstrated complexity and provided context to support students’ own construction of their understanding of NOS. To summarize, by deriving the term “research with” from the performative paradigm and using the context of the historical episode related to the thermometer within the FRA framework students were invited to research with Henri Regnault.
Truetemp cooled down: the stability of Truetemp intuitions
Authors: Ziółkowski Adrian , Wiegmann Alex , Horvath Joachim , Machery Edouard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we report the results of three high-powered replication studies in experimental philosophy, which bear on an alleged instability of folk philosophical intuitions: the purported susceptibility of epistemic intuitions about the Truetemp case (Lehrer, Theory of knowledge. Westview Press, Boulder, 1990) to order effects. Evidence for this susceptibility was first reported by Swain et al. (Philos Phenomenol Res 76(1):138–155, 2008); further evidence was then found in two studies by Wright (Cognition 115(3):491–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2010.02.003, 2010) and Weinberg et al. (Monist 95(2):200–222, 2012). These empirical results have been quite influential in the recent metaphilosophical debate about the method of cases. However, none of Swain et al.’s (2008) predictions concerning order effects with Truetemp cases could be consistently and robustly replicated in our three experiments, and it is thus at best unclear whether Truetemp intuitions are in fact unstable. So, if proponents of the negative program in experimental philosophy still want to use order effects to challenge the reliability of philosophical case judgments, they would be well advised to look elsewhere instead. In any case, given the more robust empirical evidence that we present in this paper, the metaphilosophical flurry created by Swain et al. (2008) and Wright’s (2010) influential studies looks like mere alarmism in hindsight.
Präzision der Prognose von Nierenerkrankungen bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2
Authors: Denicolò Sara , Mayer Gert 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungBis zu 40 % der Patient:innen mit Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 entwickeln eine chronische Nierenerkrankung, aber nur ein relativ kleinen Teil eine terminale Niereninsuffizienz. Eine Einschätzung der individuellen renalen Prognose ist daher insbesondere in Anbetracht der neuen primär- und sekundärprophylaktischen Möglichkeiten von großer Bedeutung. In der klinischen Praxis werden nach KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) v. a. die geschätzte glomeruläre Filtrationsrate (eGFR) und die Albuminurie für die Diagnosestellung und die Prognosestratifizierung herangezogen. In Kombination mit neuen Biomarkern kann damit das relative Risiko für Gruppen von Patient:innen zunehmend gut abgeschätzt werden, auf individueller Ebene sind die Vorhersagen aber noch immer ungenau. Eine Ursache für diese mangelhafte Präzision ist die neben der interindividuellen Heterogenität bestehende ausgeprägte longitudinale intraindividuelle Variabilität der Progression. Lösungsansätze sind eine wiederholte Evaluation des Risikos in kürzeren Abständen und/oder neue, aus der Mathematik übernommene Methoden, die a priori auf Einzelverläufe Rücksicht nehmen und es erlauben, das longitudinale Verhalten komplexer Systeme zu beschreiben.
Weiter so mit MTO? Konzeptionelle Entwicklungsbedarfe soziotechnischer Arbeits- und Systemgestaltung
Authors: Bendel Alexander , Latniak Erich 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser konzeptionelle Beitrag nimmt auf Grundlage ausgewählter Publikationen zu soziotechnischer Arbeits- und Systemgestaltung (STS) den Stand der Diskussion auf und stellt aktuelle Suchprozesse und Lösungsansätze vor, mit denen soziotechnische Ansätze aktuelle Herausforderungen der Arbeits- bzw. Systemgestaltung in industriellen Kontexten bearbeiten. Darauf aufbauend werden Forschungs- und Entwicklungsdesiderate benannt sowie Ansatzpunkte aufgezeigt, um zu praktisch tragfähigen Gestaltungsmethoden und -lösungen zu kommen. Dafür werden Erfahrungen und erste Ergebnisse eigener praktischer Forschungsarbeiten genutzt.
Laser-Assisted Flux-Cored Arc Welding Underwater
Authors: Rieck Marcel , Emde Benjamin , Koglin Jens , Hermsdorf Jörg 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe underwater welding process using flux-cored electrodes presents a significant challenge in terms of reliable arc ignition and stability. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate an underwater welding process that combines laser radiation with an arc to improve seam quality by introducing additional energy into the process zone. To examine the arcs safe ignition and stability during welding, various process parameters are evaluated by analyzing the resulting arc current and voltage characteristics, as well as the spectral process emissions. S235JR (1.0038) steel samples with a thickness of 10 mm are welded in a bead-on-plate configuration using flux-cored wire. The laser radiation with a wavelength of 1030 nm and a power of up to 2000 W has a supporting effect, influences the arc positively in that it fluctuates less and ensures a more uniform weld. The laser-assisted flux-cored welding process resulted in an improved seam quality with reduced surface pores and increased weld penetration depth and width. The requiered laser power for arc stabilization was about 20-30 % of the total energy balance. The arc current and voltage characteristcs also showed a reduction of up to 70 % in fluctuation. Overall, this study demonstrates that the laser-assisted flux-cored welding process presents a promising approach to overcome the challenges of underwater welding.
Lernprozesse und deren Förderung theoretisch verstehen: Von kleinen Fortschritten, von gegenwärtig priorisierten, aber nicht ausreichenden Abhilfen und von einem Wunschzettel
Authors: Renkl Alexander 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungObwohl in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten wiederholt ein Theoriedefizit zu Fragen des Lernens und der Lernförderung konstatiert und zur Entwicklung einer fundierten theoretischen Basis aufgerufen wurde, besteht dieses Problem weiterhin. Wichtige Aspekte dieses Defizits (z. B. lediglich viele erklärungsmächtige Mini-Theorien oder aber grobe Rahmentheorien) und mögliche Ursachen dafür (z. B. Vernachlässigung von Theoriebildung als Ausbildungsinhalt) werden diskutiert. Es wird darauf eingegangen, dass Versprechen, die in den letzten Jahrzehnten mit neuen bzw. in Mode gekommenen übergreifenden theoretischen Perspektiven verbunden waren (neurowissenschaftliche Perspektive, situierte Perspektive, konstruktivistische Perspektive), nicht eingelöst werden konnten. Auch aktuelle Strömungen (z. B. Open Science), so wichtig sie für eine gute empirische Praxis sein mögen, zielen nicht prioritär darauf ab, die Theorieentwicklung zu fördern. Für die Zukunft wünschenswert wären (a) allgemein ein stärkerer Fokus auf Theorieentwicklung, (b) die Entwicklung integrativer Theorien und (c) die profunde theoretische Konzeptualisierung grundlegender, aber bislang weitgehend offener Fragen (z. B. zum Wechselspiel zwischen Lehr- bzw. Instruktionsdesign-Angeboten einerseits und den partiell immer selbstregulierten individuellen Lernprozessen andererseits).
Relating Cultural Psychology and Eco-phenomenology − Setting the Seeds for a Fertile Cooperation
Authors: von Fircks Enno Freiherr 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the present paper, I relate cultural psychology with eco-phenomenology. I am showing that both sciences draw on similar scientific underpinnings. Here, it is to note that cultural psychology as well as eco-phenomenology analyze a person’s relatedness towards an object. In phenomenology we speak of human landscapes whereas cultural psychology draws on the notion of action fields. Yet, both sciences only come into being while analyzing a person-environment-unit. Moreover, an action field (or landscape) develops between past and future, thus has a horizon of former and further experiences. However, this experience is shaped by other people’s experience, limited or expanded. Furthermore, it is only possible to analyze—in cultural psychology—as well as phenomenology—those meaningful environments by immerging into the action field of the social other. Statistical methods do bracket that environment. However, it is from cultural psychology that phenomenology can learn to incorporate a theory of activity, thus of psychic and physical energy. It is from phenomenology that cultural psychology might incorporate a complex theory of the phenomenological reduction with various opportunities for its application fields such as for the dialogical-self-theory. I end the article in appealing to path a way for a fertile cooperation.
Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated viruses 1, 2, and 3 are associated with mealybug wilt disease of pineapple in Peru
Authors: Carrasco-Lozano Emerson Clovis , Carrillo-Ordóñez Gabriela Angela , Gamarra-Gamarra Delia , Torres-Suarez Gilberto , Villar Charo Milagros , Stange Claudia , Valverde Rodrigo A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMealybug wilt of pineapple (MWP) is the most important disease of pineapple worldwide. During the months of September and November 2020, pineapple production fields of the cultivar Hawaiiana and hybrid MD-2 in Satipo and Chanchamayo provinces of Peru, showed typical symptoms of MWP. Based on symptoms, the disease incidence level ranged between 70 and 90%. Symptomatic and asymptomatic foliar samples were collected and tested by RT-PCR using primers specific for pineapple mealybug wilt virus (PMWaV) 1, 2, and 3. Selected amplified fragments were sequenced and analyzed with bioinformatics tools. PMWaV-1, 2, and 3 were detected in symptomatic samples of both cultivars but not in asymptomatic samples. PMWaV-1 showed a nucleotide identity of 91.70% with PMWaV-1 from Thailand; PMWaV-2, 99.81% with PMWaV-2 from Thailand; and PMWaV-3, 99.09% with PMWaV-3 from Cuba. Mixed infections of PMWaV-1, 2, and 3 were also detected in both cultivars. To our knowledge, this is the first report of PMWaV-1, 2, and 3, associated with pineapple in Peru.
Development of Bio-cultured Artificial Muscles with High Design Flexibility
Authors: Ohashi Hirono , Shigaki Shunsuke , Teramae Ryo , Shimizu Masahiro , Hosoda Koh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent advances in bionics have made it possible to create various tissue and organs. Using this cell culture technology, engineers have developed a robot driven by three-dimensional cultured muscle cells (bioactuator)—a muscle cell robot. For more applications, researchers have been developed various tissues and organs with bio3D printer. However, three-dimensional cultured muscle cells printed by bio3D printer have been not used for muscle cell robot yet. The aim of our study is to develop easy fabrication method of bioactuator having high design flexibility like as bio3D printer. We fabricated three-dimensional cultured muscle cells using mold and dish having pin which can contribute to shape and cell alignment. In this study, we observed that our method maintained the shape of three-dimensional cultured muscle cells and caused cell alignment which is important for bioactuator development. We named three-dimensional cultured muscle cells developed in this study “bio-cultured artificial muscle (BiCAM)”. Finally, we observed that BiCAM contracted in response to electrical stimulus. From these data, we concluded our proposed method is easy fabrication method of bioactuator having high design flexibility.
Risk Factors of Sepsis Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Sepsis: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Liu Haoran , Hou Shunxin , Tian Xinghan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Sepsis associated acute kidney injury (SAKI) is a common complication of sepsis with high incidence and mortality around the world. SAKI characterized by low survival rate, poorlong-term prognosis and quality of life of patients, causes huge economic burden to family and society. A large amount of evidence indicates that early diagnosis and necessary treatment of SAKI can effectively improves the prognosis of patients. However, at present, laboratory indicators for early diagnosis of SAKI are limited. Therefore, understanding the risk factors associated with SAKI is crucial for early prediction of SAKI.

Method
The meta-analysis was conducted with PRISMA statement. All studies are collected from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Wiley online library and CNKI databases, and all published from the initiation of the database to Feb 11, 2022, were included.

Result
A total of 25 studies were included in this meta-analysis, with statistically significant risk factors as follows: diabetes [1.79 (1.43 2.24)], hypotension (MAP < 65 mmHg) [2.25 (1.88 2.70)], coagulation dysfunction [1.14 (1.04 1.24)], liver disease [1.68 (1.28 2.20)], heart disease [1.89 (1.54 3.31)], high APACHEII scores [1.25 (1.02 1.53)], lactic acidosis [1.65 (1.38 1.97)], oliguria [ 1.45 (1.01 2.08), high serum creatinine (> 88 mol/l) [3.84 (2.10 7.04)].

Conclusion
Diabetes, hypotension (MAP < 65 mmHg), coagulation dysfunction, liver disease, heart disease, high APACHEII score, lactic acidosis, oliguria, high serum creatinine are the risk factors of SAKI.
Is there a relation between the size of the list and the length of wait?
Authors: Armstrong Paul W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMany investigators have hypothesised that an increase in admissions is associated with a decrease in Size.
The Size of a waiting list must increase by any excess of additions to the list over deductions from the list. A real change in enrolments (relative to admissions) must therefore correlate directly with any change in the Size of the list while a real change in admissions (relative to enrolments) must correlate indirectly with any change in the Size of the list.
But some of the results seem to provide support for an alternative in which an increase in admissions is associated with an increase in Size. When there is a problem, the first hypothesis calls for more resources, and the second for more restraint.
We may define the length of wait prospectively, using the distribution of completed waits of those enrolled, or we may define it retrospectively, using the completed waits of those admitted. But our choice has consequences. The relationship between changes in the Length of the subsequent wait and changes in the Size of the list must be direct because changes in Size are directly correlated with a real change in enrolments. Similarly, the relationship between changes in the Length of the prior wait and changes in Size must be indirect because changes in Size are indirectly correlated with a real change in admissions.
In this light, the second relationship appears to be an artefact and the second hypothesis a failure of reasoning.
Total Excess Mortality Surveillance for Real-Time Decision-Making in Disasters and Crises
Authors: Santos-Burgoa Carlos , Garcia-Meza Alejandra , Talayero Maria Jose , Kuenster Nolan , Goldman Hawes Ann S. , Andrade Elizabeth 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Crises such as Hurricane Maria and the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have revealed that untimely reporting of the death toll results in inadequate interventions, impacts communication, and fuels distrust on response agencies. Delays in establishing mortality are due to the contested definition of deaths attributable to a disaster and lack of rapid collection of vital statistics data from inadequate health system infrastructure. Readily available death counts, combined with geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic data, can serve as a baseline to build a continuous mortality surveillance system. In an emergency setting, real-time Total, All-cause, Excess Mortality (TEM) can be a critical tool, granting authorities timely information ensuring a targeted response and reduce disaster impact. TEM measurement can identify spikes in mortality, including geographic disparities and disproportionate deaths in vulnerable populations. This study recommends that measuring total, all-cause, excess mortality as a first line of response should become the global standard for measuring disaster impact.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak on an in-patient medical unit associated with unrecognized exposures in common areas—Epidemiological and whole-genome sequencing investigation
Authors: Kain Dylan C. , Isabel Sandra , Abdulnoor Mariana , Boissinot Karel , De Borja Richard , Filkin Amanda , Lam Bernard , Li Jason , Lungu Ilinca , McCreight Liz , McGeer Allison , Mazzulli Tony , Paterson Aimee , Zuzarte Philip , Vincelli Felicia , Bergwerff Cassandra , Fattouh Ramzi , Simpson Jared T. , Johnstone Jennie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjective:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) hospital outbreaks have been common and devastating during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Understanding SARS-CoV-2 transmission in these environments is critical for preventing and managing outbreaks.Design:Outbreak investigation through epidemiological mapping and whole-genome sequencing phylogeny.Setting:Hospital in-patient medical unit outbreak in Toronto, Canada, from November 2020 to January 2021.Participants:The outbreak involved 8 patients and 10 staff and was associated with 3 patient deaths.Results:Patients being cared for in geriatric chairs at the nursing station were at high risk for both acquiring and transmitting SARS-CoV-2 to other patients and staff. Furthermore, given the informal nature of these transmissions, they were not initially recognized, which led to further transmission and missing the opportunity for preventative COVID-19 therapies.Conclusions:During outbreak prevention and management, the risk of informal patient care settings, such as geriatric chairs, should be considered. During high-risk periods or during outbreaks, efforts should be made to care for patients in their rooms when possible.
Solitary Swedish Sinologists: Three Hundred and Fifty Years of Swedish China Studies
Authors: Cassel Pär 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article gives an analytic survey of Sinology in the Swedish-speaking world from the mid-seventeenth century through the present and it draws on a wide range of primary and secondary sources from the same time period. It argues that while Swedish Sinology has been characterized by strong individuals who have made consequential contributions to the study of China, Swedish Sinology now faces important challenges of an institutional and linguistic nature.
From Roadside Stops to the Courthouse Stairs: Defendant Race and the Attorney’s Role in Routine Cases
Authors: Collins Todd A. , Baker Matthew E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLatinos, especially those who recently immigrated, face many obstacles in navigating the political and judicial environment in the United States. While prior scholarship suggests that racial minorities are more likely to be stopped by law enforcement for traffic violations and face harsher penalties for major crimes, little research has explored whether a defendant’s characteristics are influential in routine traffic court cases. Using an original database, this paper examines disparate treatment in speeding ticket reductions. The results indicate that Latino defendants are less likely to receive meaningful reductions to their charges. However, attorney representation greatly lessens the likelihood of disparate treatment for Latino drivers. As traffic court proceedings often represent the only interaction most people have with the judicial system, these findings have significant implications for racial equality, the administration of justice, attorney representation, and public opinion of the judiciary.
The Bruss–Robertson–Steele inequality
Authors: Rogers L. C. G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Bruss–Robertson–Steele (BRS) inequality bounds the expected number of items of random size which can be packed into a given suitcase. Remarkably, no independence assumptions are needed on the random sizes, which points to a simple explanation; the inequality is the integrated form of an
$\omega$
-by-
$\omega$
inequality, as this note proves.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of iodine nutrition in modern vegan and vegetarian diets
Authors: Eveleigh Elizabeth Rose , Coneyworth Lisa , Welham Simon J. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVegan and vegetarian diets are widely supported and adopted, but individuals following such diets remain at greater risk of iodine deficiency. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the iodine intake and status in adults following a vegan or vegetarian diet in the modern day. A systematic review and quality assessment were conducted from October 2020 to December 2022 according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidance. Studies were identified in Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. Eleven articles were eligible for review containing 4421 adults (aged ≥ 18 years). Vegan groups had the lowest median urinary iodine concentration (mUIC) (12·2/l). None of the dietary groups had mUIC within the optimal range for iodine status (100–200 µg/l) (WHO). Vegan diets had the poorest iodine intake (17·3 µg/d) and were strongly associated with lower iodine intake (P = < 0·001) compared with omnivorous diets. Lower intake in vegan diets was influenced by sex (P = 0·007), the presence of voluntary or absence of Universal Salt Iodisation (USI) programmes (P = 0·01 & P = < 0·001), and living in a country with adequate iodine nutrition (P = < 0·001). Vegetarians and particularly vegans living in countries with no current USI programme continue to have increased risk of low iodine status, iodine deficiency and inadequate iodine intake. Further research into the usefulness of mandatory fortification of vegan appropriate foods is required.