bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competing Policy Ideas in Classroom Practice: The Case of Student Group Work
Authors: Stenersen Christine R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, the policy–practice nexus is empirically studied by examining an example of student group work trajectory in the context of Norwegian classrooms. Research and policy highlight the importance of developing student collaboration skills in the school setting. At the same time, contemporary education is marked by a focus on the individual learner and the measurement of the learning outcomes of individual students. This chapter explores this apparent dilemma by contrasting the political and pedagogical ambitions related to desired outcomes of student group work with empirical actualisation of authentic student group work. A conceptual framework informed by discursive institutionalism and the theory of cooperation and competition provides a multilayered lens for exploring the policy–practice nexus and scrutinising how policy intent might turn out in practice. As such, the study can serve as an example of how policy ideas, the school as an institution and the agency of teachers and students interact in the complex field of educational practice.
Jet polarisation in an anisotropic medium
Authors: Hauksson S. , Iancu E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study the evolution of an energetic jet which propagates in an anisotropic quark-gluon plasma, as created in the intermediate stages of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. We argue that the partons of the jet should acquire a non-zero average polarisation proportional to the medium anisotropy. We first observe that the medium anisotropy introduces a difference between the rates for transverse momentum broadening along the two directions perpendicular to the jet axis. In turn, this difference leads to a polarisation-dependent bias in the BDMPS-Z rates for medium-induced gluon branching. Accordingly, the daughter gluons in a branching process can carry net polarisation even if their parent gluon was unpolarised. Using these splitting rates, we construct kinetic equations which describe the production and transmission of polarisation via multiple branching in an anisotropic medium. The solutions to these equations show that polarisation is efficiently produced via quasi-democratic branchings, but then it is rapidly washed out by the subsequent branchings, due to the inability of soft gluons to keep trace of the polarisation of their parents. Based on that, we conclude that a net polarisation for the jet should survive in the final state if and only if the medium anisotropy is sizeable as the jet escapes the medium.
Multidimensional biomarker predicts disease control in response to immunotherapy in recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma
Authors: Flanagan Kevin C. , Earls Jon , Schillebeeckx Ian , Hiken Jeffrey , Wellinghoff Rachel L. , LaFranzo Natalie A. , Bradley Zachary S. , Babbitt Joey , Westra William H. , Hsu Raymond , Nadauld Lincoln , Mcleod Howard , Firth Sean D. , Sharp Brittany , Fuller Josh , Vavinskaya Vera , Sutton Leisa , Deichaite Ida , Bailey Samuel D. , Sandulache Vlad C. , Rendo Matthew J. , Macdonald Orlan K. , Welaya Karim , Wade James L. , Pippas Andrew W. , Slim Jennifer , Bank Bruce , Saccaro Steven J. , Sui Xingwei , Akhtar Adil , Balaraman Savitha , Kossman Steven E. , Sonnier Scott A. , Shenkenberg Todd D. , Alexander Warren L. , Price Katherine A. , Bane Charles L. , Ley Jessica , Messina David N. , Glasscock Jarret I. , Cohen Ezra E. W. , Adkins Douglas R. , Duncavage Eric J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Anti-PD-1 therapy provides clinical benefit in 40–50% of patients with relapsed and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (RM-HNSCC). Selection of anti- PD-1 therapy is typically based on patient PD-L1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) which has low specificity for predicting disease control. Therefore, there is a critical need for a clinical biomarker that will predict clinical benefit to anti-PD-1 treatment with high specificity.

Methods
Clinical treatment and outcomes data for 103 RM-HNSCC patients were paired with RNA-sequencing data from formalin-fixed patient samples. Using logistic regression methods, we developed a novel biomarker classifier based on expression patterns in the tumor immune microenvironment to predict disease control with monotherapy PD-1 inhibitors (pembrolizumab and nivolumab). The performance of the biomarker was internally validated using out-of-bag methods.

Results
The biomarker significantly predicted disease control (65% in predicted non-progressors vs. 17% in predicted progressors, p < 0.001) and was significantly correlated with overall survival (OS; p = 0.004). In addition, the biomarker outperformed PD-L1 IHC across numerous metrics including sensitivity (0.79 vs 0.64, respectively; p = 0.005) and specificity (0.70 vs 0.61, respectively; p = 0.009).

Conclusion
This novel assay uses tumor immune microenvironment expression data to predict disease control and OS with high sensitivity and specificity in patients with RM-HNSCC treated with anti-PD-1 monotherapy.
Prophylactic Swallowing Therapy During Head-and-Neck Cancer Radiotherapy: Effect of Service-Delivery Mode and Overall Adherence Level on Swallowing Function and Muscle Strength—the PRESTO Trial
Authors: Baudelet Margot , Van den Steen Leen , Duprez Fréderic , Goeleven Ann , Nuyts Sandra , Nevens Daan , Vandenbruaene Caroline , Massonet Hanne , Vergauwen Alice , Vauterin Tom , Verstraete Hilde , Wouters Kristien , Vanderveken Olivier , De Bodt Marc , Van Nuffelen Gwen ,   members of the Belgian PRESTO-group
Published: August 2023

AbstractProphylactic swallowing exercises (PSE) during head-and-neck cancer (HNC) (chemo)radiotherapy (CRT) have a positive effect on swallowing function and muscle strength. Adherence rates to PSE are, however, moderate to low, undermining these effects. PRESTO already showed that the service-delivery mode (SDM), the way the exercises are offered, can influence adherence. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SDM on swallowing function and muscle strength during and post-CRT. In addition, the effect of overall adherence (OA), independent of SDM, was also investigated. A total of 148 HNC patients, treated with CRT, were randomly assigned to one of the three SDM’s (paper-supported, app-supported, or therapist-supported PSE) and performed a 4-week PSE program. OA was calculated based on the percentage of completed exercises. Patients were divided into OA levels: the OA75+ and OA75− group performed respectively ≥ 75 and < 75% of the exercises. Swallowing function based on Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability-Cancer (MASA-C), tongue and suprahyoid muscle strength during and up to 3 months after CRT were compared between the SDM’s and OA levels. Linear Mixed-effects Models with post hoc pairwise testing and Bonferroni–Holm correction was used. No significant differences were found between the three SDMs. Significant time effects were found: MASA-C scores decreased and muscle strength increased significantly during CRT. By the end of CRT, the OA75+ showed significantly better swallowing function compared to OA75−. Muscle strength gain was significantly higher in the OA75+ group. SDM had no impact on swallowing function and muscle strength; however, significant effects were shown for OA level. Performing a high level of exercise repetitions is essential to benefit from PSE.Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN98243550. Registered December 21, 2018—retrospectively registered, https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN98243550?q=gwen%20van%20nuffelen&filters=&sort=&offset=1&totalResults=2&page=1&pageSize=10&searchType=basic-search
Self-efficacy of advanced cancer patients for participation in treatment-related decision-making in six European countries: the ACTION study
Authors: Yildiz Berivan , Korfage Ida J. , Deliens Luc , Preston Nancy J. , Miccinesi Guido , Kodba-Ceh Hana , Pollock Kristian , Johnsen Anna Thit , van Delden Johannes J. M. , Rietjens Judith A. C. , van der Heide Agnes 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Many patients prefer an active role in making decisions about their care and treatment, but participating in such decision-making is challenging. The aim of this study was to explore whether patient-reported outcomes (quality of life and patient satisfaction), patients’ coping strategies, and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were associated with self-efficacy for participation in decision-making among patients with advanced cancer.

Methods
We used baseline data from the ACTION trial of patients with advanced colorectal or lung cancer from six European countries, including scores on the decision-making participation self-efficacy (DEPS) scale, EORTC QLQ-C15-PAL questionnaire, and the EORTC IN-PATSAT32 questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to examine associations with self-efficacy scores.

Results
The sample included 660 patients with a mean age of 66 years (SD 10). Patients had a mean score of 73 (SD 24) for self-efficacy. Problem-focused coping (B 1.41 (95% CI 0.77 to 2.06)), better quality of life (B 2.34 (95% CI 0.89 to 3.80)), and more patient satisfaction (B 7.59 (95% CI 5.61 to 9.56)) were associated with a higher level of self-efficacy. Patients in the Netherlands had a higher level of self-efficacy than patients in Belgium ((B 7.85 (95% CI 2.28 to 13.42)), whereas Italian patients had a lower level ((B −7.50 (95% CI −13.04 to −1.96)) than those in Belgium.

Conclusion
Coping style, quality of life, and patient satisfaction with care were associated with self-efficacy for participation in decision-making among patients with advanced cancer. These factors are important to consider for healthcare professionals when supporting patients in decision-making processes.
Molecular screening of Amblyomma species (Acari: Ixodidae) imported from African countries to Egypt, with the first report of Amblyomma latum from the ball python, Python regius (Squamata: Pythonidae)
Authors: Abouelhassan Eman M. , Kamel Marwa S. , Chitimia‑Dobler Lidia , Bakkes Deon K. , Okely Mohammed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAmblyomma species are non-endemic ticks in Egypt, which have been recorded from imported animals. This study was carried out in 2022 to monitor Amblyomma spp. from dromedary camels, cattle, and snakes in Egypt. During this study, 400 camels, 200 cattle, and two snakes (Pythonidae) were inspected for tick infestation. Collected specimens were identified based on morphological characters and confirmed by phylogenetic analysis of the 12S rRNA gene. Camels were infested by adult specimens of Amblyomma variegatum and Amblyomma lepidum, but no Amblyomma spp. were collected from cattle. Amblyomma variegatum showed high genetic similarity to other A. variegatum from Guinea-Bissau and São Tomé (> 99.99%), and A. lepidum showed high genetic similarity to other A. lepidum from Israel and Sudan (99.99%). Amblyomma latum is recorded in Egypt from the ball python snake for the first time and showed high genetic similarity with South African A. latum (99.87%).
Insect community reassembly in a spatiotemporally heterogenous restoration landscape
Authors: Tudor Emily P. , Cross Adam T. , Tomlinson Sean 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Context
Anthropogenic habitat degradation resulting from agricultural, mining, and urban development is a leading cause of global insect declines, but the recovery of insect communities and functional guilds is rarely assessed during ecological restoration.

Objectives
Assess the effects of vegetation community composition and structure on insect species richness, diversity, and abundance across various stages of ecological restoration to understand the patterns and drivers of the return of insect functional guilds to post-mining restoration landscapes.

Methods
We sampled the insect community using ultraviolet polypropylene vane traps and conducted floristic surveys to quantify the relationships between the insect community and vegetation community across a 40-year sequence of post-mining ecological restoration in south-western Western Australia.

Results
Despite the lack of convergence observed in the vegetation community, insects returned through natural processes of reassembly and dispersal such that the community resembled that of reference forest communities within approximately a decade of restoration activity. However, the insect community transitioned from an assemblage dominated by pollinators to one dominated by herbivores and detritivores along the ecological restoration age gradient. Our results indicate that plant abundance had a significant effect on the abundance of pollinators and parasitoids but the relationships between vegetation community metrics and other functional guilds were relatively weak.

Conclusions
Insect functional guilds present complex and variable responses to vegetation re-assembly and maximising landscape spatiotemporal heterogeneity and habitat complexity in ecological restoration can increase the availability of suitable habitat for a diverse suite of insect taxa and the associated ecological services they provide.
Prolegomena to a theory of X-marking
Authors: von Fintel Kai , Iatridou Sabine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe morphological marking that distinguishes conditionals that are called “counterfactual” from those that are not, can also be found in other modal constructions, such as in the expression of wishes and oughts. We propose to call it “X-marking”. In this article, we lay out desiderata for a successful theory of X-marking and make some initial informal observations. Much remains to be done.
Prevalence and Motivations for Technology-facilitated Gender- and Sexuality-based Violence Among Adults: A Mixed-methods Study
Authors: Martínez-Bacaicoa Jone , Alonso-Fernández Mariana , Wachs Sebastian , Gámez-Guadix Manuel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTechnology-facilitated gender- and sexuality-based violence (TFGSV) refers to the set of behaviors through which technology is used to harm people because of their sexual or gender identities. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of the perpetration of different forms of TFGSV among adults, to analyze possible gender and age differences, and to explore the motivations behind these aggressive acts. A mixed-methods approach was employed to integrate quantitative data (N = 2,316, 69% women; Mage = 27.22, SDage = 10.169) with qualitative open-ended data (n = 239, 61.5% women; Mage= 26.3, SDage = 8.38) to gain a more in-depth understanding of TFGSV perpetration and its motivations. The results that TFGSV is a prevalent issue among all age groups and 25.6% of the participants had perpetrated some form of it. In addition, although men are the main perpetrators, women and non-binary people may also be involved in TFGSV perpetration. The main motivations behind TFGSV perpetration included expressing ideological disagreement, rejecting someone, self-defense or defending others, managing unpleasant emotions, socializing, and a lack of reflection or awareness. Another motivation for sharing TFGSV content was to increase awareness of this type of aggression by making it visible to others. These results suggests that prevention programs should target all age groups and consider all the motivations behind the perpetration of TFGSV.
Sleep-disordered breathing and lung function abnormalities in adults with congenital heart disease
Authors: Momcilovic D. , Reznakova B. , Bosse F. , Begrich C. , Bernhardt C. , Hamiko M. , Bakhtiary F. , Nickenig G. , Skowasch D. , Pizarro Carmen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Advances in treatment enables most patients with congenital heart diseases (CHD) to survive into adulthood, implying the need to address comorbid conditions in this growing cohort of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and lung function abnormalities in patients with adult congenital heart disease (ACHD).

Methods
Patients with ACHD underwent level 3 sleep testing (Embletta MPR polygraphy) and pulmonary function testing. Results were stratified by the underlying haemodynamic ACHD lesion group.

Results
Patients with ACHD (n = 100) were middle-aged (42.3 ± 14.6 years), 54% male and slightly overweight (BMI 25.9 ± 5.5 kg/m2). Polygraphy revealed a prevalence of sleep apnoea of 39% with 15% of patients presenting with predominantly obstructive apnoeic episodes, while 23% of patients presenting primarily with central sleep apnoea. The distribution of mild, moderate, and severe sleep apnoea in the total study population was 26%, 7% and 6%, respectively. Comparison of apnoea–hypopnoea index, presence of sleep apnoea, and apnoea severity did not offer significant differences between the four ACHD lesion groups (p = 0.29, p = 0.41 and p = 0.18, respectively). Pulmonary function testing revealed obstructive lung disease in 19 of 100 patients. Concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and obstructive sleep apnoea were diagnosed in 3% of patients and were associated with profound nocturnal desaturation.

Conclusion
The findings suggest a mild propensity amongst patients with ACHD to develop SDB that seems to be unaffected by the specific underlying congenital lesion.
The Anterior Insula and its Projection to the Prelimbic Cortex are Involved in the Regulation of 5-HT-Induced Itch
Authors: Yao Juan , Li Xuan , Wu Guang-Yan , Wu Bing , Long Jun-Hui , Wang Pu-Jun , Liu Shu-Lei , Gao Jie , Sui Jian-Feng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractItch is an unpleasant sensation that urges people and animals to scratch. Neuroimaging studies on itch have yielded extensive correlations with diverse cortical and subcortical regions, including the insular lobe. However, the role and functional specificity of the insular cortex (IC) and its subdivisions in itch mediation remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and fiber photometry tests, that neurons in both the anterior insular cortex (AIC) and the posterior insular cortex (PIC) are activated during acute itch processes. Pharmacogenetic experiments revealed that nonselective inhibition of global AIC neurons, or selective inhibition of the activity of glutaminergic neurons in the AIC, reduced the scratching behaviors induced by intradermal injection of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), but not those induced by compound 48/80. However, both nonselective inhibition of global PIC neurons and selective inhibition of glutaminergic neurons in the PIC failed to affect the itching-scratching behaviors induced by either 5-HT or compound 48/80. In addition, pharmacogenetic inhibition of AIC glutaminergic neurons effectively blocked itch-associated conditioned place aversion behavior, and inhibition of AIC glutaminergic neurons projecting to the prelimbic cortex significantly suppressed 5-HT-evoked scratching. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the AIC is involved, at least partially via aversive emotion mediation, in the regulation of 5-HT-, but not compound 48/80-induced itch.
Identification of phytoplasmas associated with grapevine ‘bois noir’ and flavescence dorée in inter-row groundcover vegetation used for green manure in Franciacorta vineyards
Authors: Moussa Abdelhameed , Guerrieri Enea , Torcoli Sara , Serina Flavio , Quaglino Fabio , Mori Nicola 
Published: August 2023

Abstract‘Bois noir’ (BN) and flavescence dorèe (FD), the two main diseases of the grapevine yellows complex associated with genetically distinct phytoplasmas, have a complex epidemiology including multiple insect vectors and reservoir plants. This study investigated the presence of BN and FD phytoplasmas in nine groundcover plant species commonly utilized for inter-row vineyard green manure in Franciacorta (North Italy). The activities conducted in 2020 included monitoring and sampling groundcover plant species and symptomatic grapevines in September, and phytoplasma identification and typing by amplification and sequence analyses of stamp and map genes. Molecular analyses identified BN phytoplasma (strains carrying the stamp gene sequence variants St5, St19, St30) and FD phytoplasma (strains carrying the map gene sequence variant M54) in 72% and 28% of symptomatic grapevines, respectively. BN phytoplasma strains St5 and St30 were found also in Eruca sativa, Vicia sativa, and Polygonum fagopyrum. FD phytoplasma strain M54 was found also in Vicia faba, Trifolium incarnatum, and Polygonum fagopyrum. These results reinforced the evidence of the increasing range of BN and FD phytoplasma alternative plant hosts and suggested a criterium for the selection of the groundcover plant species utilized for green manure, excluding the ones putatively involved in BN and FD diffusion.
Newton’s Method for Global Free Flight Trajectory Optimization
Authors: Borndörfer Ralf , Danecker Fabian , Weiser Martin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlobally optimal free flight trajectory optimization can be achieved with a combination of discrete and continuous optimization. A key requirement is that Newton’s method for continuous optimization converges in a sufficiently large neighborhood around a minimizer. We show in this paper that, under certain assumptions, this is the case.
Exploring neotectonic activity in a semiarid basin: a case study of the Ain Zerga watershed
Authors: Taib Hassan , Hadji Riheb , Hamed Younes , Bensalem Mohamed Sadok , Amamria Soulef 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMediterranean basin exposed to ongoing processes of erosion and deformation. Neotectonics is the study of the geological processes involved in the deformation of the Earth’s crust. The topography of the terrain is greatly impacted by these neotectonic events, which has a considerable impact on the drainage pattern and general geomorphology of the region. In this work, the active tectonics were evaluated using the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and several Geomorphic Indices in the Ain Zerga region of Northeast Algeria. Asymmetry factor, basin form, the ratio of valley floor width to valley height, the sinuosity of mountain fronts, hypsometric integral, hypsometric curve, and transverse topographic symmetry factor were some of the indices used. These findings emphasize the tremendous tectonic activity that exists in the study area. In comparison to sub-watershed N°2, sub-watersheds N°1, N°3, and N°4 had stronger tectonic activity, according to the examination of these geomorphic indicators. The Relative Tectonic Activity Index (Iat) distribution pattern, which concurred with other pieces of information such as stream deflection and lineament analysis, corroborated these conclusions. We were able to learn a lot about the different levels of tectonic activity in the sub-watersheds by using traditional geomorphic indices. The tectonic activity-exhibiting basins consistently displayed connections with structural disturbances, basin geometry, and field research. Geomorphic indices and morphometric characteristics were used to identify tectonically active zones in a portion of the Mellegue transboundary basin, which shows a considerable influence of neotectonic activity in a portion of the Neogene basin.