bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formulation and Development of Hyaluronic Acid based Gel with Ketoconazole-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers in Fungal Infection
Authors: Raut Sadhana , Gargate Nupur , Ugale Sharddha , Gujar Kishor N. , Kapare Harshad 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Ketoconazole is an imidazole ring containing antifungal agent used in the
treatment of systemic fungal infections. It acts by blocking the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential
component of the fungal cell membrane.

Objective:
The purpose of this work is to construct skin targeting ketoconazole nanostructured
lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded hyaluronic acid (HA) modified gel to minimize side effects and provide
a controlled release.

Methods:
The NLCs were prepared using emulsion sonication method and their optimized batches
were characterized for X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy study. These batches were then incorporated into HA containing gel for convenient
application. The final formulation was compared with the marketed formulation for studying
its antifungal activity and drug diffusion.

Results:
Ketoconazole NLCs loaded hyaluronic acid formulation was successfully developed with
desirable formulation parameters by using 23 Factorial design. In vitro release study of developed
formulation showed prolonged drug release (up to 5 hrs) while ex vivo drug diffusion study on
human cadaver skin showed better drug diffusion as compared with marketed formulation. Moreover,
the release study and diffusion study results reflected the improvement of antifungal activity
of the developed formulation against Candida albicans.

Conclusion:
The work suggests that ketoconazole NLCs loaded HA modified gel provides prolonged
release. The formulation also has good drug diffusion and antifungal activity and thus can
act as a promising carrier for topical delivery of ketoconazole.
Sida rhombifolia Linn., A Traditional Herb: A Review of its Phytochemistry
and Pharmacology
Authors: Ahirrao Pallavi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Ancient systems of medicine such as Ayurveda and others in India have contributed vast
knowledge to develop herbal medicines over the years. The WHO has also recognized the importance
of drugs developed from natural products. Sida rhombifolia Linn. known as ‘Mahabala’ is
ethnomedicinal plant of Malvaceae. Traditionally S. rhombifolia was used in India in the form of
extracts/powder/paste by tribal populations in India for treating common ailments like cough and
cold, fever, stomach, kidney and liver disorders, inflammations, etc. The present review describes a
detailed overview of traditional medicinal uses, phytochemistry and ethnopharmacological studies
of S. rhombifolia. Several phytoconstituents from S. rhombifolia have been reported to exhibit
pharmacological activities in vivo and/or in vitro bioassays. Validation of ethnomedicinal uses of
medicinal plants by modern scientific approaches is essential for ensuring safe and effective utilization
of herbal medicines.
Meshless Improved Algorithm for Ion Flow Field in Large-Span AC-DC
Parallel Lines
Authors: Zhang Ruiyong , Cai Chenlin , Xi Haibo , Yao Cheng 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The research in this paper aims to address the effect of large-span AC lines
on ion currents in parallel DC lines. This paper proposes an algorithm for solving mixed ion flow
fields based on meshless radial point interpolation, which can accurately solve the ion flow field of
large-span AC-DC parallel lines.

Methods:
The shape function of the traditional meshless method is modified by polynomial radial
point interpolation so that the shape function can satisfy the Kronecker-δ function property at the
point where the boundary constraints are to be imposed so as to meet the requirements of directly
applying the boundary constraints; Combined with the influencing factors of the AC line on the
mixed ion flow field, the mixed ion flow field and the ion current density value was obtained.

Results:
Using the proposed algorithm, the relative error of ion current density can be reduced to
4.5%, and the relative error of ion flow field can be reduced to 24%.

Conclusion:
The simulation results are consistent with the measurement results, which proves the
correctness and practicability of the mixed ion flow field solution algorithm based on meshless radial
point interpolation.
ANÁLISIS DE LOS EFECTOS QUE PRODUCE LA PRESENCIA DEL CADMIO EN EL CULTIVO DE CACAO (theobroma cacao)
Authors: Alvarez Morales Elsa Leuvany , Guillin Llanos Ximena Minshely , Rodríguez Angulo Dominga Ernestina 
Published: March 2023

Esta investigación hace referencia a un estudio de las diferentes investigaciones relacionadas con la presencia de cadmio en el cultivos cacao (theobroma cacao), desarrolladas en el Ecuador. (Bruce A., 2009), señala que el cadmio (Cd) es un metal pesado existente en el ambiente (suelo, aire y agua) que puede estar presente en diversos alimentos consumidos por el hombre acumulándose en el organismo a lo largo de la vida, pudiendo llegar a niveles tóxicos. Es por ello que su ingesta a niveles elevados se le considera como un riesgo para la salud. El cadmio presente en el suelo puede ser de origen geogénico, resultante del proceso de formación del suelo y la composición de la roca madre; o de origen antrópico por la incorporación en el suelo (voluntaria o involuntaria) como parte de la actividad humana (Romero,2008).
Según la (Organizaicón Mundial de la Salud OMS, 2020) el efecto nocivo que causa el cadmio en el ser humano, es en los riñones y en los sistemas óseo y respiratorio; además, está clasificado como carcinógeno para los seres humanos. Métodos utilizados en la investigación es el inductivo, deductivo, analítico y lógico. La fuente secundaria permitió la recopilación de los artículos científicos de diferentes autores. De acuerdo a los estudios realizados algunos atribuyen la presencia del cadmio en las de cacao al uso de aguas contaminadas por actividades mineras ilegales.
La acumulación de metales pesados en suelos agrícolas es un riesgo y sus efectos negativos dependen de la concentración del metal y de las propiedades específicas del suelo. Se dice que el suelo agrícola está contaminado cuando su concentración total pasa de 1.4 mg/kg de Cd total según los Estándares de Calidad Ambiental, en función de los diferentes estudios realizado temas de análisis de esta investigación se ha demostrado que todas las zonas agrícolas no se encuentra presencia de cadmio en los cultivos y que se están investigados otros rastros de la presencia del cadmio en los productos agrícolas.
Composición química y cinética de degradación ruminal del ensilado de pasto elefante con inclusión de cáscara de maracuyá
Authors: Espinoza Italo F. , Barrera Alexandra E. , Vivas León PhD. Montenegro 
Published: March 2023

Se evaluó los parámetros de composición química, degradación y cinética ruminal del ensilado de pasto elefante (Pennisetum purpureum) con inclusión residuos de cascara de maracuyá (Passiflora edulis). Se aplico un diseño de bloques completos al azar con cuatro tratamientos (T1:0%; T2:10%; T3:20% ,k 30% T4:40%) de inclusión de residuos de maracuyá, tres bloques (bovinos con rumen fistulados) y siete tiempos de incubación ruminal (0, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 y 72 horas). Las diferencias entre medias de tratamientos se establecieron mediante la prueba de Tukey (p<0.05). Tras 30 días de almacenamientos se aperturaron los minisilos y fueron similares en materia seca (MS) y diferentes (p<0.05) en materia orgánica (MO), el T1 (81.73%) presentó menor porcentaje que los T2, T3, T4 y T5( 85.32, 85.54, 84.57 y 82,02% correspondientemente ), la cenizas (Cen) T1(18.27%) fue mayor (p<0.05) a los T1; T2; T3; T4 y T5 ( 14.86, 14.46, 15.43 y 17.987% en su orden), la proteína cruda (PC) el T1 (4.42%) fue menor (p<0.05), a mayor inclusión de residuos de maracuyá se incrementa la PC en los T1; T2; T3; T4 y T5 (5.693; 5.25; 5.58 y 5.59%) y el extracto etereo (EE) el T5: (0.90%) fue diferente (p<0.05) con los T1; T2; T3 y T4 (1.10; 1.43, 1.18 y 0.92% en su orden). Los contenidos de FDN y FDA fue mayor el T1 con (79.19 y 50.83% respectivamente), sin embargo, con la mezcla de 10% de RM (76.65 y 48.87%), 20% de RM (76.81 y 47.49%%) y 30% de RM (74.98 y 45.74%) se redujeron los porcentajes de fibra detergente neutra y ácida (FDN y FDA). El porcentaje de digestibilidad in situ de la materia seca fue similar (p>0.05) a las 0, 3, 6 12, 48 y 72 horas de incubación ruminal con la inclusión de residuos de maracuyá en el pasto elefante y aumenta la degradabilidad del ensilaje y la cinética de degradación es similar.
Understanding Patient Beliefs in Using Technology to Manage Diabetes: Path Analysis Model From a National Web-Based Sample
Authors: Zahed Karim , Mehta Ranjana , Erraguntla Madhav , Qaraqe Khalid , Sasangohar Farzan 
Published: March 2023

Background
With 425 million individuals globally living with diabetes, it is critical to support the self-management of this life-threatening condition. However, adherence and engagement with existing technologies are inadequate and need further research.

Objective
The objective of our study was to develop an integrated belief model that helps identify the significant constructs in predicting intention to use a diabetes self-management device for the detection of hypoglycemia.

Methods
Adults with type 1 diabetes living in the United States were recruited through Qualtrics to take a web-based questionnaire that assessed their preferences for a device that monitors their tremors and alerts them of the onset of hypoglycemia. As part of this questionnaire, a section focused on eliciting their response to behavioral constructs from the Health Belief Model, Technology Acceptance Model, and others.

Results
A total of 212 eligible participants responded to the Qualtrics survey. Intention to use a device for the self-management of diabetes was well predicted (R2=0.65; F12,199=27.19; P<.001) by 4 main constructs. The most significant constructs were perceived usefulness (β=.33; P<.001) and perceived health threat (β=.55; P<.001) followed by cues to action (β=.17; P<.001) and a negative effect from resistance to change (β=−.19; P<.001). Older age (β=.025; P<.001) led to an increase in their perceived health threat.

Conclusions
For individuals to use such a device, they need to perceive it as useful, perceive diabetes as life-threatening, regularly remember to perform actions to manage their condition, and exhibit less resistance to change. The model predicted the intention to use a diabetes self-management device as well, with several constructs found to be significant. This mental modeling approach can be complemented in future work by field-testing with physical prototype devices and assessing their interaction with the device longitudinally.
Applications of Federated Learning in Mobile Health: Scoping Review
Authors: Wang Tongnian , Du Yan , Gong Yanmin , Choo Kim-Kwang Raymond , Guo Yuanxiong 
Published: March 2023

Background
The proliferation of mobile health (mHealth) applications is partly driven by the advancements in sensing and communication technologies, as well as the integration of artificial intelligence techniques. Data collected from mHealth applications, for example, on sensor devices carried by patients, can be mined and analyzed using artificial intelligence–based solutions to facilitate remote and (near) real-time decision-making in health care settings. However, such data often sit in data silos, and patients are often concerned about the privacy implications of sharing their raw data. Federated learning (FL) is a potential solution, as it allows multiple data owners to collaboratively train a machine learning model without requiring access to each other’s raw data.

Objective
The goal of this scoping review is to gain an understanding of FL and its potential in dealing with sensitive and heterogeneous data in mHealth applications. Through this review, various stakeholders, such as health care providers, practitioners, and policy makers, can gain insight into the limitations and challenges associated with using FL in mHealth and make informed decisions when considering implementing FL-based solutions.

Methods
We conducted a scoping review following the guidelines of PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews). We searched 7 commonly used databases. The included studies were analyzed and summarized to identify the possible real-world applications and associated challenges of using FL in mHealth settings.

Results
A total of 1095 articles were retrieved during the database search, and 26 articles that met the inclusion criteria were included in the review. The analysis of these articles revealed 2 main application areas for FL in mHealth, that is, remote monitoring and diagnostic and treatment support. More specifically, FL was found to be commonly used for monitoring self-care ability, health status, and disease progression, as well as in diagnosis and treatment support of diseases. The review also identified several challenges (eg, expensive communication, statistical heterogeneity, and system heterogeneity) and potential solutions (eg, compression schemes, model personalization, and active sampling).

Conclusions
This scoping review has highlighted the potential of FL as a privacy-preserving approach in mHealth applications and identified the technical limitations associated with its use. The challenges and opportunities outlined in this review can inform the research agenda for future studies in this field, to overcome these limitations and further advance the use of FL in mHealth.
Information and Communications Technologies Enabling Integrated Primary Care for Patients With Complex Care Needs: Scoping Review
Authors: Tahsin Farah , Armas Alana , Kirakalaprathapan Apery , Kadu Mudathira , Sritharan Jasvinei , Steele Gray Carolyn 
Published: March 2023

Background
Information and communications technologies (ICTs) are recognized as critical enablers of integrated primary care to support patients with multiple chronic conditions. Although ICT-enabled integrated primary care holds promise in supporting patients with complex care needs through team-based and continued care, critical implementation factors regarding what ICTs are available and how they enable this model are yet to be mapped in the literature.

Objective
This scoping review addressed the current knowledge gap by answering the following research question: What ICTs are used in delivering integrated primary care to patients with complex care needs?

Methods
The Arksey and O’Malley method enhanced by the work by Levac et al was used to guide this scoping review. In total, 4 electronic medical databases were accessed—MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO—collecting studies published between January 2000 and December 2021. Identified peer-reviewed articles were screened. Relevant studies were charted, collated, and analyzed using the Rainbow Model of Integrated Care and the eHealth Enhanced Chronic Care Model.

Results
A total of 52,216 articles were identified, of which 31 (0.06%) met the review’s eligibility criteria. In the current literature, ICTs are used to serve the following functions in the integrated primary care setting: information sharing, self-management support, clinical decision-making, and remote service delivery. Integration efforts are supported by ICTs by promoting teamwork and coordinating clinical services across teams and organizations. Patient, provider, organizational, and technological implementation factors are considered important for ICT-based interventions in the integrated primary care setting.

Conclusions
ICTs play a critical role in enabling clinical and professional integration in the primary care setting to meet the health system–related needs of patients with complex care needs. Future research is needed to explore how to integrate technologies at an organizational and system level to create a health system that is well prepared to optimize technologies to support patients with complex care needs.
Sociología y Política: relaciones, tensiones y conflictos.
Authors: Natapof Daniel Rubén 
Published: March 2023

El artículo analiza la compleja relación entre sociología y política, planteada desde los orígenes de su creación, que continúa vigente, al igual que el propósito mismo de la disciplina científica en constante proceso de revisión y replanteo, doscientos años después.
Se pasa revista a una (necesariamente) parcial revisión de perspectivas de algunos de los fundadores de la disciplina, así como a autores contemporáneos y libros que han recorrido la pregunta central respecto del fin y la “utilidad” de la sociología. Los citados planteos, abordan siempre entre otros tópicos el de la relación entre sociología y política, entre la disciplina científica y la demanda social, entre ciencia y poder, por mencionar algunos de los interrogantes.
Se establecen posibles orígenes de la escisión entre el campo teórico y el del conocimiento aplicado, así como de una relación entre sociología y política que aún no ha respondido a las expectativas que la disciplina científica suscita desde su creación.
El artículo plantea asimismo, tanto en su análisis como en las posibles hipótesis, su postura en relación a la temática, postulando la impostergable necesidad de avanzar en tono crítico pero en un camino cierto, hacia la superación de una escisión que lejos de ser virtuosa niega alternativas valiosas de sinergia en pos del desarrollo.
Unique vascular structures of a radicular arteriovenous fistula at the craniocervical junction along the first cervical spinal nerve: A case report
Authors: Wada Kentaro , Tanei Takafumi , Hattori Kenichi , Hatano Hisashi , Fujitani Shigeru , Ito Risa , Kubo Hiroaki , Nishimura Yusuke , Maesawa Satoshi , Saito Ryuta 
Published: March 2023

Background:
An arteriovenous fistula (AVF) at the craniocervical junction (CCJ) is a rare vascular malformation. Definitive diagnosis and curative treatment of CCJ AVF are challenging.

Case Description:
A 77-year-old man presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral angiography showed an AVF at the CCJ, which drained into a radicular vein. The lesion was fed by a vertebral artery, anterior and lateral spinal arteries (LSAs), and the occipital artery (OA). There were two unique structures: the LSA originating from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery of the extracranial V3 segment and the OA feeding the shunt. Curative treatment involved two steps: endovascular embolization of feeders using Onyx and surgical shunt disconnection. Feeding arteries were blackened by Onyx, which helped identify the location of the shunt. The shunt was located behind the first cervical (C1) spinal nerve, and the draining vein was confirmed on the deep side of the nerve. A clip was applied to the draining vein distal to the shunt. Tiny vessels supplying the shunt were then coagulated referring to blackened arteries.

Conclusion:
A radicular AVF at the CCJ along the C1 spinal nerve had unique vascular structures. Definitive diagnosis and curative treatment were achieved by combining endovascular embolization using Onyx and direct surgery.
Molecular surveillance reveals the emergence and dissemination of NDM-5-producing Escherichia coli high-risk clones in Germany, 2013 to 2019
Authors: Hans Jörg B , Pfennigwerth Niels , Neumann Bernd , Pfeifer Yvonne , Fischer Martin A , Eisfeld Jessica , Schauer Jennifer , Haller Sebastian , Eckmanns Tim , Gatermann Sören , Werner Guido 
Published: March 2023

Background
Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are rapidly increasing worldwide, also in Europe. Although prevalence of CPE in Germany is comparatively low, the National Reference Centre for Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative Bacteria noted annually increasing numbers of NDM-5-producing Escherichia coli isolates.

Aim
As part of our ongoing surveillance programme, we characterised NDM-5-producing E. coli isolates received between 2013 and 2019 using whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Methods
From 329 identified NDM-5-producing E. coli, 224 isolates from known geographical locations were subjected to Illumina WGS. Analyses of 222 sequenced isolates included multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core genome (cg)MLST and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based analyses.

Results
Results of cgMLST revealed genetically distinct clusters for many of the 43 detected sequence types (ST), of which ST167, ST410, ST405 and ST361 predominated. The SNP-based phylogenetic analyses combined with geographical information identified sporadic cases of nosocomial transmission on a small spatial scale. However, we identified large clusters corresponding to clonal dissemination of ST167, ST410, ST405 and ST361 strains in consecutive years in different regions in Germany.

Conclusion
Occurrence of NDM-5-producing E. coli rose in Germany, which was to a large extent due to the increased prevalence of isolates belonging to the international high-risk clones ST167, ST410, ST405 and ST361. Of particular concern is the supra-regional dissemination of these epidemic clones. Available information suggest community spread of NDM-5-producing E. coli in Germany, highlighting the importance of epidemiological investigation and an integrated surveillance system in the One Health framework.
A Systematic Review of the Pros and Cons of Digital Pollution and its Impact on the Environment
Authors: Oo KYAW Than , Jonah KAZORA , Thin MOH Moh Zaw 
Published: March 2023

Digital technologies are becoming more important in our daily lives. Because of digital technology, our carbon footprint has significantly increased and caused ecological consequences. As gadgets get smaller and have more internal components, there is more trashes produced during manufacture. By 2023, more than 70% of the world's population will own a mobile phone. From the start of the Covid-19 pandemic and the numerous ensuing lockdowns, there has been an exponential increase in the use of video transmission (streaming) all over the world. In fact, according to the International Energy Agency (IEA), watching an hour of video streaming on Netflix entails emissions of 36gCO2. Between 2020 and 2030, the overall amount of data transmission will increase fourteen times. Digital technologies can contribute up to 20% to net-zero energy, materials, and mobility reduction required by IEA by 2050. However, there aren't many summaries of the digital transformation of environmental sustainability. This review presents the implications of the digital world on environmental sustainability, including both beneficial and detrimental aspects. Some methods are based on the network and its energy consumption. The outcomes also show how changes in three key areas—waste management and handling, pollution prevention and control, and sustainable resource management—have preserved the environment. The footprints are also significantly smaller than previously predicted. While subscriptions and data traffic have continued to rise, the footprint of the ICT and E&M sectors has shrunk. As countless individuals are used to digital daily life, this study points out the challenges to govern this issue. This review also points out the potential and problems in this field, which tries to provide a vision for future research, based on the literature overview.