bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma lipid levels are associated with the CD8+ T‐cell infiltration and prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Wu Bin , Shen Weiai , Wang Xiaoguang , Wang Jing , Zhong Zhengxiang , Zhou Zhongchen , Chen Xujian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecently, researchers have found that the tumour microenvironment plays an important role in tumours. We aimed to investigate the effects of plasma lipids on the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer and the infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes in tumour tissue.MethodsWe enrolled patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) who underwent pancreatic surgery between 2012 and 2021. Clinical pathological data were recorded; total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured; and tissue samples were collected. A tissue microarray was generated using collected tissue samples, and CD8 staining was performed to determine immunoreactive scores (IRSs). The correlations of TC and TG levels with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis were analysed. Finally, the correlations of TC and TG levels with CD8+ T‐cell infiltration were analysed.ResultsA total of 90 eligible PDAC patients were included. TC levels were significantly correlated with tumour grade and lymph node metastasis, and TG levels were significantly correlated with perineural invasion. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis results indicated that the prognosis in the high TC group was significantly worse than that in the low TC group, and the prognosis in the high TG group was significantly worse than that in the low TG group. Cox multivariate analysis indicated that TC was an independent indicator of poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients after surgery. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that there were significant negative correlations between CD8 IRS and TC and between CD8 IRS and TG.ConclusionsTC and TG levels are significantly related to the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. They may be associated with tumour progression to higher grades, lymph node metastasis and/or nerve invasion. More importantly, TC and TG may reduce CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration into pancreatic cancer tissue, affecting antitumour immune functions and immunotherapy efficacy.
A Hairpin Ribozyme Derived Spliceozyme
Authors: Zhu Jikang , Hieronymus Robert , Müller Sabine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe vast majority of RNA splicing in today‘s organisms is achieved by the highly regulated and precise removal of introns from pre‐mRNAs via the spliceosome. Here we present a model of how RNA splicing may have occurred in earlier life forms. We have designed a hairpin ribozyme derived spliceozyme that mediates two RNA cleavages and one ligation event at specific positions and thus cuts a segment (intron) out of a parent RNA and ligates the remaining fragments (exons). The cut‐out intron then performs a downstream function, acting as a positive regulator of the activity of a bipartite DNAzyme. This simple scenario shows how small RNAs can perform complex RNA processing dynamics, involving the generation of new phenotypes by restructuring segments of given RNA species, as well as delivering small RNAs that may play a functional role in downstream processes.
Accurate Layer Spacing Matching of Polyoxometalate (POM) Anion‐based Ionic Liquids (ILs) to Promote PET Alcoholysis
Authors: Fang Pengtao , Zheng Xu , Zhang Ruiqi , Xu Junli , Yan Dongxia , Zhou Qing , Xin Jiayu , Shi Chunyan , Xia Shuqian , Lu Xingmei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMatching the active site of the catalyst with the carbonyl reactive site of PET at the nanoscale and achieve precise shearing of the PET reactive site at the molecular level by accurately modulating the catalyst layer spacing is particularly challenging. Herein, a new design strategy for green catalysts is proposed to synthesize a novel class of Polyoxometalate (POM) anion‐based ILs (POM‐ILs) [X]n[WZn3(H2O)2(ZnW9O34)2] (X=PyPs, Py, MIMPs, TEAPs, n=3, 6, 9, 12) with high thermally stable and adjustable layer spacing (1.00–1.63 nm). By adjusting the ratio of organic cations to match the spacing (1.34 nm) between the active sites of the catalyst with the spacing (1.32 nm) of the carbonyl functional groups on both sides of the PET benzene ring, the long PET chains were precisely sheared and rapidly degraded to bis(hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) in short time with the synergistic catalytic effect of anions and cations. Under the optimal conditions, the catalyst dosage was only 0.8 % of PET mass, and it could degrade 100 % in 30 min with BHET yield up to 85.35 %, and the yield of BHET was still greater than 85 % after 5 cycles. In addition, a possible mechanism of synergistic catalytic PET alcoholysis was proposed by density functional theoretical calculation. Moreover, the strategy of promoting PET alcoholysis by accurately modulating the spacing of the catalytic active site has not been reported.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Isoindolones via Palladium – Catalyzed Intramolecular Heck‐Mizoroki Reactions of Endocyclic Enamides Using N,N‐Ligands
Authors: Wiethan Carson , Braga Ingredy B. , Menezes da Silva Vitor H. , Batista João M. , Correia Carlos Roque D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe enantioselective synthesis of isoindolones via Heck‐Mizoroki reactions of endocyclic enamides using a palladium‐bis(oxazoline) catalyst system is described. The N,N‐ligands, which are under‐represented in palladium‐catalyzed reactions involving aryl halides, proved to be an effective and low‐cost alternative to their phosphine‐based chiral ligand counterparts. The intramolecular Heck reaction of aryl iodides and endocyclic enamides enabled the construction of tricyclic isoindolones containing tertiary and quaternary chiral centers under mild conditions in yields up to 73 % and enantiomeric ratios up to 97 : 3. Vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) was instrumental in determining the absolute configuration of the enantioenriched isoindolones.
An Efficient and Stable Electrocatalyst Derived from Ni−Mo−Co MOF for Methanol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Zaman Neelam , Iqbal Naseem , Noor Tayyaba 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe majority of methanol oxidation electrocatalysts are based on platinum‐group metals such as platinum, palladium, and ruthenium. However, their usage is restricted because of their high cost, scarcity, and carbon monoxide toxicity concerns. We devised a simple approach for preparing a nickel foam (NF) based electrode using in‐situ synthesis of metal organic framework, such as Co‐MOF/NF, Ni‐MOF/NF, Mo‐MOF/NF, NC‐MOF/NF, MC‐MOF/NF, NM‐MOF/NF, and NMC‐MOF/NF, as an efficient electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation to produce carbon dioxide and water. Catalysts were synthesized using a hydrothermal process. In methanol with alkaline electrolyte, the as‐prepared NMC‐MOF/NF catalysts had the highest current density response, such as 5641 mA/cm2, in contrast to other bimetallic and single metal‐based metal organic framework electrocatalysts supported on Ni foam. We also observed that the NMC‐MOF/NF could efficiently catalyze the oxidation of carbon monoxide while being relatively unaffected by it. After 20,000 seconds in methanol oxidation, NMC‐MOF/NF based electrode retained about 100 % of its initial activity. Following simple synthesis technique and the improved catalytic efficiency and stability of NMC‐MOF/NF, methanol can be used to generate energy‐efficient products such as hydrogen.
Substituted meta[n]Cycloparaphenylenes: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Host–guest Chemistry
Authors: Bernt Felix , Wegner Hermann A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBreaking the centrosymmetry of [n]cycloparaphenylenes ([n]CPPs) by one meta connection, leads to bright emission in the typically non‐fluorescent smaller derivatives, conserving their size dependent emissive properties. Using the building block strategy for [n]CPPs, different nitrile substituted meta[n]CPPs (n=6, 8, 10) have been prepared. The nitrile substituent offers a convenient handle for functional group conversions (e.g., carboxylic acid, amide, aldehyde, as well as 1H‐tetrazole). Besides the synthetic work, the photophysical properties of these novel m[n]CPP derivatives have been characterized. Additionally, the host–guest ability of cyano‐m[10]CPP has been explored by studying its complexation with fullerene C60. These insights open new applications of meta[n]CPPs as fluorophore in synthetic organic chemistry, material sciences as well as biomedical research.
Photochemically Driven Nickel‐Catalyzed Carboxylative C−N Coupling: Scope and Mechanism**
Authors: Abid Seifallah , Quirion Kevin P. , Yang Yi , Tang Renhe , Mai Binh Khanh , Liu Peng , Tlili Anis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHerein we disclosed an unprecedented photochemically driven nickel‐catalyzed carboxylative Buchwald–Hartwig amination to access a wide range of aryl carbamate derivatives. This reaction is performed under mild condition of temperature and atmospheric pressure of CO2 starting from commercially available (hetero)aryl iodides/bromides derivatives and alkyl amines preventing the formation of hazardous and/or toxic waste. Moreover, preliminary mechanistic investigations including stochiometric experiments as well as DFT calculations allow us to shed light on the reaction mechanism.
An Organocatalytic and Stereoselective Vinylogous Domino Process towards Thiochromans
Authors: Milbeo Pierre , Lebrêne Arthur , Savchuk Mariia , Vo‐Thanh Giang , Oudeyer Sylvain , Beucher Hélène , Brière Jean‐François 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA highly diastereoselective organocatalyzed domino vinylogous sulfa‐Michael‐aldol‐cyclocondensation (VMAC) reaction has been developed using alkylidene Meldrum's acid as dienes highlighting two vinylogous steps, an unprecedented sulfa‐1,6‐conjugate addition and a diastereoselective aldol reaction triggering a formal (4+2) cycloaddition. This work opens a new route towards bio‐relevant and original tricyclic thiochroman derivatives.
Development of a Dynamic Gray‐Box Model of a Fermentation Process for Spore Production
Authors: Winz Joschka , Assawajaruwan Supasuda , Engell Sebastian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFermentation processes are difficult to describe using purely mechanistic relations as the underlying biochemical phenomena are complex and often not fully understood. In order to cope with this challenge, we developed an approach to augment standard dynamic model equations by data‐based components that are fitted to data using machine learning techniques, which results in dynamic gray‐box models. This methodology is applied here to the batch fermentation process of the sporulating bacterium Bacillus subtilis, using experimental data from a lab‐scale fermenter. The key step in developing the model is the estimation of a training set for the machine learning submodels. The quality of the resulting model is analyzed, and the predictions are compared with real data.
Convective heat transfer coefficient for the side‐wall in a fixed bed
Authors: Baliga Chinmay , Nikrityuk Petr 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFixed beds are widely used in the chemical and process industry due to their relatively simple yet effective performance. Determining the radial heat transfer at the wall in a fixed bed is crucial to predict the performance of columns. Heat transfer parameters often need to be obtained experimentally. Various Nusselt versus Reynolds correlations in literature show considerable scatter and discrepancies. The tube‐to‐particle diameter ratio and boundary conditions on the particle surface have been understood to affect heat transfer near the wall by virtue of influence on the near‐wall porosity and mixing. In this work, a fixed bed consisting of mono‐disperse particles is generated via gravity‐forced sedimentation modelling utilizing the discrete element method for a ratio of 3.3. The system is meshed and imported in a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) solver. Fluid inlet velocity is varied to get corresponding to the laminar and turbulent flow regimes. The particles are treated as boundaries with Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions applied for the closure of energy balance. Another set of simulations is run with particles modelled as solids with varying thermal conductivities (). The heat flux and volume‐averaged fluid temperature calculated during post‐processing are used to determine the wall heat transfer coefficient and, subsequently, the wall Nu number. Fifteen versus correlations are compiled and analyzed. A new semi‐empirical correlation for the wall Nusselt number has been developed for a fixed bed packed with monodisperse spheres for and results compared with data published in literature. Additionally, the impact of buoyancy effect on the wall Nusselt number has been studied.
Edge computing: A systematic mapping study
Authors: Sakhdari Jalal , Zolfaghari Behrooz , Izadpanah Shaghayegh , Mahdizadeh Zargar Samaneh , Rahati Quchani Mahla , Shadi Mahsa , Abrishami Saeid , Rasoolzadegan Abbas 
Published: May 2023

SummaryEdge computing is a new way of computing that uses resources at the edge of a network to solve the problem of communication delays in applications that require immediate responses. This field has received a lot of attention from the research community over the past few decades, leading to a significant increase in publications. To better understand the field, a systematic mapping study (SMS) was conducted using a three‐tier search method that involved defining quality criteria to extract relevant search spaces and studies. This resulted in the selection of 112 search spaces out of 805 and 1440 studies out of 8725. The SMS addressed 8 research questions to identify the main topics, architectures, techniques, and other important aspects of edge computing.
Analysis of Lysine Acetylation and Acetylation‐like Acylation In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Yan Kezhi , Mousavi Negar , Yang Xiang‐Jiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProtein lysine acetylation refers to the covalent transfer of an acetyl moiety from acetyl coenzyme A to the epsilon‐amino group of a lysine residue and is critical for regulating protein functions in almost all living cells or organisms. Studies in the past decade have demonstrated the unexpected finding that acetylation‐like acylation, such as succinylation, propionylation, butyrylation, crotonylation, and lactylation, is also present in histones and many non‐histone proteins. Acetylation and acetylation‐like acylation serve as reversible on/off switches for regulating protein function while interplaying with other post‐translational modifications (such as phosphorylation and methylation) in a codified manner. Lysine acetylation and acetylation‐like acylation are important for regulating different cellular and developmental processes in normal and pathological states. Thus, the detection of such modifications is important for related basic research and molecular diagnostics. Traditionally, lysine acetylation is detected by autoradiography, but recent decades have seen great improvement in the quality of site‐specific antibodies against acetylation (or acetylation‐like acylation), thereby providing competitive alternatives to the use of radioactive acetate and acetyl‐coenzyme A for in vivo and in vitro labeling, respectively. This article describes protocols for the detection of lysine acetylation and acetylation‐like acylation with site‐specific antibodies to complement extant autoradiography‐based methods (Pelletier et al., 2017). © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Acylation assays in vitroBasic Protocol 2: Determination of in vivo acylation
Combining Protein Conformational Diversity and Phylogenetic Information Using CoDNaS and CoDNaS‐Q
Authors: Escobedo Nahuel , Monzon Alexander Miguel , Fornasari María Silvina , Palopoli Nicolas , Parisi Gustavo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCoDNaS (http://ufq.unq.edu.ar/codnas/) and CoDNaS‐Q (http://ufq.unq.edu.ar/codnasq) are repositories of proteins with different degrees of conformational diversity. Following the ensemble nature of the native state, conformational diversity represents the structural differences between the conformers in the ensemble. Each entry in CoDNaS and CoDNaS‐Q contains a redundant collection of experimentally determined conformers obtained under different conditions. These conformers represent snapshots of the protein dynamism. While CoDNaS contains examples of conformational diversity at the tertiary level, a recent development, CoDNaS‐Q, contains examples at the quaternary level. In the emerging age of accurate protein structure prediction by machine learning approaches, many questions remain open regarding the characterization of protein dynamism. In this context, most bioinformatics resources take advantage of distinct features derived from protein alignments, however, the complexity and heterogeneity of information makes it difficult to recover reliable biological signatures. Here we present five protocols to explore tertiary and quaternary conformational diversity at the individual protein level as well as for the characterization of the distribution of conformational diversity at the protein family level in a phylogenetic context. These protocols can provide curated protein families with experimentally known conformational diversity, facilitating the exploration of sequence determinants of protein dynamism. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Assessing conformational diversity with CoDNaSAlternate Protocol 1: Assessing conformational diversity at the quaternary level with CoDNaS‐QBasic Protocol 2: Exploring conformational diversity in a protein familyAlternate Protocol 2: Exploring quaternary conformational diversity in a protein familyBasic Protocol 3: Representing conformational diversity in a phylogenetic context
Logarithmic time encoding and decoding of integer error control codes
Authors: Radonjic Aleksandar , Vujicic Vladimir 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne of the most important characteristics of all error control codes (ECCs) is the complexity of the encoding/decoding algorithms. Today, there are many ECCs that can correct multiple bit errors, but at the price of high encoding/decoding complexity. Among the rare exceptions are integer ECCs (IECCs), whose serial encoding/decoding algorithms run in O(n) time, where n is the codeword length. In this article, we show that IECCs can be encoded/decoded even faster, that is, that their parallel encoding/decoding algorithms have O(log2n) time complexity.
Effect of HER2‐targeted therapy on PDX and PDX‐derived organoids generated from HER2‐positive salivary duct carcinoma
Authors: Aoyama Jun , Nojima Yusuke , Sano Daisuke , Hirai Yuri , Kijima Natsumi , Aizawa Yoshihiro , Takada Kentaro , Hatano Takashi , Takahashi Hideaki , Nishimura Goshi , Oridate Nobuhiko 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe previously established a patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model, patient‐derived organoids (PDOs), and PDX‐derived organoids (PDXOs) for salivary duct carcinoma (SDC). Using these models, this study examined the therapeutic effect of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) blockade on HER2‐positive SDC.MethodsThe therapeutic effect of lapatinib was assessed in SDC PDXOs with regards to cell growth, receptor/downstream signaling molecule expression, phosphorylation levels, and apoptosis. Effect of lapatinib treatment was evaluated in vivo in SDC PDX mice.ResultsThe siRNA knockdown of HER2 and lapatinib suppressed cell proliferation in SDC PDXOs. Lapatinib inhibited the phosphorylation of HER2 and its downstream targets, and induced apoptosis in SDC PDXOs. Lapatinib also significantly reduced tumor volumes compared with that of the control in SDC PDX mice.ConclusionFor the first time, we demonstrated the efficacy of anti‐HER2 therapy in HER2‐positive SDC using preclinical models of SDC PDX and PDXO.
Do teacher instructional practices shape children's academic self‐concept and interest in mathematics and science? Evidence from TIMSS 2015
Authors: Kim Matthew H. , Sidney Pooja G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChildren possess different beliefs regarding their ability to succeed in math and science, as well as different levels of enjoyment and interest in these topics. These motivational processes are important because they often shape learning‐related behaviours which in turn predict academic outcomes, over and above previous performance. But, what are the potential sources of influence that could explain individual differences in children's academic self‐concept and interest in math and science? In this registered report, we adopted a situated expectancy‐value theory framework to examine the potential role of teacher instructional practices that emphasize conceptual understanding in enhancing these motivational processes. We focused on practices emphasizing conceptual understanding given science‐driven recommendations to implement them across the United States. Contrary to our hypotheses, a multilevel analysis of grade 4 U.S. data from the 2015 release of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) revealed that the self‐reported frequency of instructional practices emphasizing conceptual understanding were unrelated to math or science self‐concept and interest. Our null findings prompt greater attention to other factors, such as the quality and implementation of instructional practices, differences between instructional goals and actual practices, and classroom composition, that could enhance ability beliefs and values in math and science.
Expression and significant roles of the lncRNA NEAT1/miR‐493‐5p/Rab27A axis in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Wang Hecheng , Teng Jiadan , Wang Mingtao , Zhang Yuhang , Liu Xiaoshuang , Liu Zhuya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play regulatory roles in ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we aimed to determine the specific roles and action mechanism of the nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) in UC.MethodsReverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) was used to determine the lncRNA NEAT1 and miR‐493‐5p expression levels in patients with UC and healthy volunteers. We determine the forecast linkage points of NEAT1 and miR‐493‐5p using Starbase and those of miR‐493‐5p and Rab27A using TargetScan, and further verified them using a double luciferase gene reporter kit. RT‐qPCR and Western blot analysis were used to determine the lncRNA NEAT1, miR‐493‐5p, and Rab27A expression levels in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced Caco‐2 cells. Flow cytometry and cell counting kit‐8 were used to assess Caco‐2 cell viability. Tumor necrosis factor‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐1β levels were determined via an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsExpression levels of NEAT1 were upregulated and those of miR‐493‐5p were downregualted in 10 ng/mL LPS‐treated Caco‐2 cells and patients with UC. Dual‐luciferase gene reporter assay revealed that miR‐493‐5p is linked to NEAT1, and Rab27A is a downstream target of miR‐493‐5p. Overexpression of miR‐493‐5p inhibited the apoptosis and inflammation in LPS‐treated Caco‐2 cells. Moreover, downregulation of lncRNA NEAT1 expression also inhibited the apoptosis and inflammation in LPS‐treated Caco‐2 cells, which was reversed by Rab27A plasmid cotransfection.ConclusionOur results revealed that NEAT1 participates in UC progression by inhibiting miR‐493‐5p expression.