bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic dysfunction outperforms ultrasonographic steatosis to stratify hepatocellular carcinoma risk in patients with advanced hepatitis C cured with direct‐acting antivirals
Authors: Pelusi Serena , Bianco Cristiana , Colombo Massimo , Cologni Giuliana , del Poggio Paolo , Pugliese Nicola , Prati Daniele , Pigozzi Marie Graciella , D'Ambrosio Roberta , Lampertico Pietro , Fagiuoli Stefano , Valenti Luca ,   for the NAVIGATORE‐Lombardia Network
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsMetabolic dysfunction (MD)‐associated fatty liver disease has been proposed to identify individuals at risk of liver events irrespectively of the contemporary presence of other liver diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of MD in patients cured of chronic hepatis C (CHC).Patients and MethodsWe analysed data from a real‐life cohort of 2611 Italian patients cured of CHC with direct antiviral agents and advanced liver fibrosis, without HBV/HIV, transplantation and negative for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) history (age 61.4 ± 11.8 years, 63.9% males, median follow‐up 34, 24–40 months). Information about ultrasonographic steatosis (US) after sustained virological response was available in 1978.ResultsMD affected 58% of patients, diagnosed due to the presence of diabetes (MD‐diabetes, 19%), overweight without diabetes (MD‐overweight, 37%) or multiple metabolic abnormalities without overweight and diabetes (MD‐metabolic, 2%). MD was more frequent than and not coincident with US (32% MD‐only, 23% MD‐US and 13% US‐only). MD was associated with higher liver stiffness (p < 0.05), particularly in patients with MD‐diabetes and MD‐only subgroups, comprising older individuals with more advanced metabolic and liver disease (p < 0.05). At Cox proportional hazard multivariable analysis, MD was associated with increased risk of HCC (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.27–3.04; p = 0.0023). Further classification according to diagnostic criteria improved risk stratification (p < 0.0001), with the highest risk observed in patients with MD‐diabetes. Patients with MD‐only appeared at highest risk since the sustained virological response achievement (p = 0.008), with a later catch‐up of those with combined MD‐US, whereas US‐only was not associated with HCC.ConclusionsMD is more prevalent than US in patients cured of CHC with advanced fibrosis and identifies more accurately individuals at risk of developing HCC.
Using the potassium‐argon laser experiment (KArLE) to date ancient, low‐K chondritic meteorites
Authors: Cattani Fanny , Cohen Barbara A. , Mercer Cameron M. , Dahl Agnes J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSeveral laboratories have been investigating the feasibility of in situ K‐Ar dating for use in future landing planetary missions. One drawback of these laboratory demonstrations is the insufficient analogy of the analyzed analog samples with expected future targets. We present the results obtained using the K‐Ar laser experiment (KArLE) on two old and K‐poor chondritic samples, Pułtusk and Hvittis, as better lunar analogs. The KArLE instrument uses laser ablation to vaporize rock samples and quantifies K content by laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), Ar by quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS), and ablated mass by laser profilometry. We performed 64 laser ablations on the chondrites to measure spots with a range of K2O and Ar content and used the data to construct isochrons to determine the chondrite formation age. The KArLE isochron ages on Pułtusk and Hvittis are 5059 ± 892 Ma and 4721 ± 793 Ma, respectively, which is within the uncertainty of published reference ages, and interpreted as the age of their formation. The uncertainty (2σ) on the KArLE ages obtained in this study is better than 20% (18% for Pułtusk and 17% for Hvittis). The precision, which compares our obtained ages to the reference ages, is also better than 20% (11% for Pułtusk and 4% for Hvittis). These results are encouraging for understanding the limits of this technique to measure ancient planetary samples and for guiding future improvements to the instrument.
Curation planning and facilities for asteroid Bennu samples returned by the OSIRIS‐REx mission
Authors: Righter K. , Lunning N. G. , Nakamura‐Messenger K. , Snead C. J. , McQuillan J. , Calaway M. , Allums K. , Rodriguez M. , Funk R. C. , Harrington R. S. , Connelly W. , Cowden T. , Dworkin J. P. , Lorentson C. C. , Sandford S. A. , Bierhaus E. B. , Freund S. , Connolly H. C. , Lauretta D. S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNASA's OSIRIS‐REx spacecraft collected samples from carbonaceous near‐Earth asteroid (101955) Bennu on October 20, 2020, and will deliver them to the Earth on September 24, 2023. The samples will be processed at the NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC), where most of the sample collection will be subsequently curated in a new cleanroom suite. The spacecraft collected loose regolith two ways: in a bulk sample chamber capable of holding up to 2 kg, and on industrial Velcro “contact pads” intended to collect small particles at the surface. Included in the JSC collection will be the bulk sample, the contact pads, contamination‐monitoring witness plates, and supporting hardware. Planning for the curation of the samples and hardware started at the earliest phase of proposal development and continued in parallel with project development and execution. Because a major mission goal is characterization of organic compounds in the Bennu samples, extra effort was spent in the design stage to ensure a clean curation environment. Here, we describe the preparations to receive the sample, including the design, construction, outfitting, and monitoring of the cleanrooms at JSC; the planned recovery of the sample‐containing capsule when it lands on Earth; and the approach to characterizing and cataloging the samples. These curation efforts will result in the distribution of pristine Bennu samples from JSC to the OSIRIS‐REx science team, international partners, and the global scientific community for years to come.
Self‐Regulation and Reading Comprehension: Integrating and Aligning to Improve Reading Outcomes
Authors: Capin Philip , Stevens Elizabeth A. , Vaughn Sharon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwo potential pathways for improving reading outcomes for students with reading disabilities are presented: (a) systematically integrating self‐regulation instructional practices within reading interventions and (b) aligning small‐group reading intervention with core reading instruction to reduce the pressure on the executive system. Two separate studies conducted with fourth grade students with significant reading difficulties, one related to integrating self‐regulation within a reading intervention and one related to aligning core instruction and reading intervention, are presented. Similar to many past high‐quality studies conducted with older students with reading disabilities, results revealed no statistically significant differences on commercially developed measures of reading comprehension. However, results on standardized measures of word reading and text reading fluency and researcher‐developed measures of vocabulary and text comprehension underscore the promise of these approaches and support the notion that considering self‐regulation in the context of reading instruction may be a productive conduit for supporting the needs of students with significant reading difficulties.
Vertical shareholding, vertical product differentiation and social welfare
Authors: Wang Xingtang , Wang Leonard F. S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA vertically related market with vertical product differentiation is used to analyze the impact of vertical cross‐ownership on industry profit, consumer surplus and social welfare. With forward cross‐ownership, we find that when the upstream firm holds the share of the low‐quality downstream firm, the industry profit is increasing (decreasing) in the cross‐ownership if the product quality difference is large (small). When the upstream firm holds the share of the high‐quality downstream firm, the industry profit is increasing in the cross‐ownership. The cross‐ownership will lead to a higher consumer surplus and social welfare no matter the type of vertical cross‐ownership. We also consider the scenario that the upstream firm holds the share of both downstream firms.
Foxtail mosaic virus: A tool for gene function analysis in maize and other monocots
Authors: Beernink Bliss M. , Whitham Steven A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMany plant viruses have been engineered into vectors for use in functional genomics studies, expression of heterologous proteins, and, most recently, gene editing applications. The use of viral vectors overcomes bottlenecks associated with mutagenesis and transgenesis approaches often implemented for analysis of gene function. There are several engineered viruses that are demonstrated or suggested to be useful in maize through proof‐of‐concept studies. However, foxtail mosaic virus (FoMV), which has a relatively broad host range, is emerging as a particularly useful virus for gene function studies in maize and other monocot crop or weed species. A few clones of FoMV have been independently engineered, and they have different features and capabilities for virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) and virus‐mediated overexpression (VOX) of proteins. In addition, FoMV can be used to deliver functional guide RNAs in maize and other plants expressing the Cas9 protein, demonstrating its potential utility in virus‐induced gene editing applications. There is a growing number of studies in which FoMV vectors are being applied for VIGS or VOX in maize and the vast majority of these are related to maize–microbe interactions. In this review, we highlight the biology and engineering of FoMV as well as its applications in maize–microbe interactions and more broadly in the context of the monocot functional genomics toolbox.
Retrospective analysis of 71 patients with cutaneous sporotrichosis
Authors: Zhu Huijun , Xia Xiujiao , Zhi Huilin , Shen Hong , Lv Wenwen , Sang Bo , Li Qiuping , Chen Xiaoyu , Zhong Yan , Liu Zehu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo summarise 71 cases of cutaneous sporotrichosis in Zhejiang over the past 9 years and analyse clinical and epidemiological characteristics.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of patients with cutaneous sporotrichosis attending the Department of Dermatology of the Hangzhou Third People's Hospital between 2013 and 2022.ResultsThe male‐to‐female ratio was 1.15:1 among the 71 patients, with a mean age of 55.90 years (±2.02) and an age range of 3 to 94 years. The disease duration was unknown for 17 patients. The intermediate course for the remaining 54 patients lasted 11.90 months, ranging from 1 to 120 months. Thirty‐four patients were involved in mixed occupations, 28 were farmers, 4 were housewives, 3 were manufacturing workers, and 2 were carpenters; 23.95% of cases had a history of trauma. The most common clinical manifestation was fixed cutaneous (69.01%), followed by lymphocutaneous (29.58%) and disseminated cutaneous (1.41%). There were 72 affected sites; the upper limbs (69.44%) were affected the most, followed by the face (16.67%) and lower limbs (12.50%). Forty‐nine patients showed open lesions (69.01%), 15 showed mixed lesions (21.13%), and seven showed closed lesions (9.86%). Seventy‐one patients were confirmed by biopsied tissue or tissue fluid culture. Forty‐four patients underwent direct microscopy; of these, 18 (40.91%) were positive and 26 were negative. Molecular analysis confirmed that all fungal strains were Sporothrix globosa. Fifty‐nine patients underwent histopathological examination, of whom 18 (18.64%) were positive for periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) staining. Eighteen patients were lost to follow‐up; the remaining patients were cured.ConclusionsConsistent with the epidemiological situation of sporotrichosis in other areas of China, S. globosa is the primary pathogen in the Zhejiang province. The primary clinical form of sporotrichosis is fixed cutaneous. Susceptible subjects are mainly middle‐aged and elderly rural populations, and males are affected more than females. Patients with cutaneous sporotrichosis do not commonly have a history of obvious trauma. Direct microscopy is important for the diagnosis of sporotrichosis, and itraconazole is a safe and effective treatment option.
The patient with obstructed defecatory symptoms: Management differs considerably between physicians and surgeons
Authors: Mazor Yoav , Schnitzler Margaret , Jones Michael , Ejova Anastasia , Malcolm Allison 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with obstructed defecatory symptoms (ODS) are commonly referred to either gastroenterologists (GE) or colorectal surgeons (CS). Further management of these patients may be impacted by this choice of referral.MethodsAn online survey of specialist practice was disseminated to GE and CS in Australia and New Zealand. A case vignette of a patient presenting with ODS was described, with multiple subsequent scenarios designed to delineate the responder's preferred approach to management of this patient.Key ResultsA total of 107 responders participated in the study, 62 CS and 45 GE. For a female patient with ODS not responding to pharmacological treatment, GE were more likely than CS to refer patients for anorectal manometry, while CS were more likely to refer for dynamic imaging. A quarter of CS and GE referred patients directly to pelvic floor physiotherapy, without any pre‐treatment testing. Knowing the result of dynamic imaging, especially if a rectocele was demonstrated, substantially influenced management for both of the specialties: GE became more likely to refer the patients for CS consultation and less likely to refer directly for biofeedback or physiotherapy and CS were more likely to opt for an operative pathway over conservative management than they were prior to knowledge of the imaging findings. The majority (>75%) of GE and CS did not find it necessary to obtain a gynecological consultation, even in the presence of a rectocele.Conclusions & InferencesPractice variation across medical specialties affects diagnostic and management recommendations for patients with ODS, impacting treatment pathways. Our findings provide an incentive toward establishing interdisciplinary, uniform, management guidelines.
Evaluating the impact of position, volume, and consistency on high‐resolution esophageal manometry outcomes
Authors: Basnayake Chamara , Jandee Sawangpong , Geeraerts Annelies , Geysen Hannelore , Pauwels Ans , Timmermans Lien , Vanuytsel Tim , Rommel Nathalie , Tack Jan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Chicago classification primarily utilizes ten 5 mL liquid swallows in a supine position as the standard high‐resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) protocol. HRM can be performed with varying volumes and consistencies and in an upright position. We aimed to determine the impact on HRM results by (1) position, (2) swallows of differing volume and consistency, and (3) perception of bolus passage.MethodsHRM was performed in healthy volunteers (HV) with the following protocol of swallows: liquids 10 × 5 mL, 5 × 10 mL, and 3 × 10 mL multiple rapid swallows; applesauce 5 × 5 mL and 5 × 10 mL; and bread 5 × 2 × 2 cm and 5 × 4 × 4cm. HV rated difficulty of each swallow on a 5‐point Likert scale. All HVs performed the protocol in supine position first and then in “semi‐upright” (sitting 70 degrees in a bed) and “upright” (sitting in a chair) in a randomized order.Key ResultsThirty‐seven HVs, median age 27 years, 64% female completed this study. Median distal contractile integral (DCI) and integrated relaxation pressure 4 s (IRP4) of 5 mL liquid swallows significantly differed (all p < 0.01) between position performed. Large volume swallows resulted in higher DCI and lower IRP4. IRP4 results were significantly increased for 2 × 2 cm pieces of bread compared to 5 mL water swallows. DCI results were higher for 2 × 2 cm pieces of bread compared to 5 mL water swallows. Distal latency was shorter in more upright positions. Among this cohort of HV, perceived difficulty of bolus passage was more likely to occur with solid boluses.Conclusions and InferencesThe volume and consistency of a swallow and the position it is performed in, significantly alter HRM metrics. Interpretation of HRM studies should incorporate different normative values which are specific to the position and bolus type.
Effect of socioeconomic and malocclusion‐related factors on duration of orthodontic treatment by fixed appliance: A retrospective study
Authors: Shi Xueming , Wu Bin , Cao Dan , Liu Jingjing , Qian Xinyao , Liu Mao , Tang Miaoning , Yin Cheng , Liu Luwei , Yan Bin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of related factors that influence orthodontic treatment time and to identify the predictors of orthodontic treatment duration in a Chinese population.Materials and MethodsInformation for 29 sociodemographic, malocclusion and orthodontic treatment characteristics was collected. Patients were divided into two groups: the duration ≤24 months group and duration >24 months group. The treatment dates of the initial visit and end of orthodontic treatment were obtained to calculate duration. The data were subjected to univariate and multivariate logistic regression modelling to quantify the association between characteristics and the treatment duration; odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) are reported.ResultsOf 2120 patients, 704 patients (mean age, 15.9 ± 6.0 years) were included. Age, extraction, Bolton ratio (overall), rotated teeth, overjet and crowding (lower arch) were predictors for duration. The nomogram based on predictive factors exhibited strong discrimination ability, with concordance indices of 0.755 (95% CI = 0.712‐0.798) in the training cohort model and 0.717 (95% CI = 0.647‐0.787) in the validation cohort model. The calibration curves for the training and validation cohorts showed that the probabilities of the nomogram agreed well with actual probabilities.ConclusionsYoung age, non‐extraction and severe crowding (lower arch) can increase the chance of durations of ≤24 months. Rotated teeth, excessive overjet and Bolton ratio (overall) can increase the chance of durations of >24 months.
Collecting data on the experiences and perspectives of people with dementia in the acute care hospital setting: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Adams Annette , Lole Lisa , Oorloff Anthea , Duffy Cameron 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople with dementia frequently experience poor health outcomes that require hospitalisation; however, the hospital setting is generally unsuitable for these patients. While it is well‐recognised that understanding patient perspectives is crucial to providing person‐centred care, current clinical care guidelines do not describe how to effectively collect feedback from people with dementia. Historically, people with dementia have generally been neglected from data collection exercises among practitioners and academic researchers, alike.ObjectiveThe objective of this review is to describe the data collection processes from peer‐reviewed evidence sources that include direct consultation with, and elicit feedback from, patients with dementia about their care experience in the hospital setting.MethodsThe protocol for this systematic scoping review was pre‐registered (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16614667.v1). The review considered primary quantitative and qualitative research involving people with dementia as research participants, regarding the quality of hospital care from the patient's perspective. Four databases were searched (MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, APA PsycINFO and Embase), with 14 studies meeting the eligibility criteria.ResultsThere has been an increased interest in gaining the perspectives of people with dementia on their health care over the past 5 years. Sundry methodologies were employed by these studies, but most used informal qualitative interviews to support and enable participants with diverse symptoms and functional abilities to take part. Procedures concerning recruitment, ethics and consent, and data collection processes were, likewise, varied and not reported consistently across this body of evidence.ConclusionsPeople with dementia can be meaningfully consulted as research participants in the hospital setting. Increased rigour when reporting the methodologies and strategies used during data collection is needed to provide guidance for health services and researchers to further enable the inclusion of people with dementia.Implications for practiceIncluding people with dementia in data collection endeavours in the hospital setting is essential to improving health outcomes, increasing equity and providing better hospital service delivery to this vulnerable cohort.
Left bundle branch pacing versus biventricular pacing for cardiac resynchronization therapy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Parlavecchio Antonio , Vetta Giampaolo , Caminiti Rodolfo , Coluccia Giovanni , Magnocavallo Michele , Ajello Manuela , Pistelli Lorenzo , Dattilo Giuseppe , Foti Rosario , Carerj Scipione , Della Rocca Domenico Giovanni , Crea Pasquale , Palmisano Pietro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionCardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) reduces heart failure (HF) hospitalization and all‐cause mortality in HF patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB). Biventricular pacing (BVP) is the gold standard for achieving CRT, but about 30%–40% of patients do not respond to BVP‐CRT. Recent studies showed that left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) provided remarkable results in CRT. Therefore, we conducted a meta‐analysis aiming to compare LBBP‐CRT versus BVP‐CRT in HF patients.MethodsWe systematically searched the electronic databases for studies published from inception to December 29, 2022 and focusing on LBBP‐CRT versus BVP‐CRT in HF patients. The primary endpoint was HF hospitalization. The effect size was estimated using a random‐effect model as Risk Ratio (RR) and mean difference (MD).ResultsTen studies enrolling 1063 patients met the inclusion criteria. Compared to BVP‐CRT, LBBP‐CRT led to significant reduction in HF hospitalization [7.9% vs.14.5%; RR: 0.60 (95%CI: 0.39–0.93); p = .02], QRSd [MD: 30.26 ms (95%CI: 26.68–33.84); p < .00001] and pacing threshold [MD: −0.60 (95%CI: −0.71 to −0.48); p < .00001] at follow up. Furthermore, LBBP‐CRT improved LVEF [MD: 5.78% (95%CI: 4.78–6.77); p < .00001], the rate of responder [88.5% vs.72.5%; RR: 1.19 (95%CI: 1.07–1.32); p = .002] and super‐responder [60.8% vs. 36.5%; RR: 1.56 (95%CI: 1.27–1.91); p < .0001] patients and the NYHA class [MD: −0.42 (95%CI: −0.71 to −0.14); p < .00001] compared to BVP‐CRT.ConclusionIn HF patients, LBBP‐CRT was superior to BVP‐CRT in reducing HF hospitalization. Further significant benefits occurred within the LBBP‐CRT group in terms of QRSd, LVEF, pacing thresholds, NYHA class and the rate of responder and super‐responder patients.
White epidermal nevus as an early sign of tuberous sclerosis complex—A case series
Authors: Ollech Ayelet , Hilewitz Daniel , Tzadok Michal , Lahav Einat , Debby Assaf , Eliyahu Aviva , Barzilai Aviv , Greenberger Shoshana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disease with neurocutaneous manifestations, often presenting initially to the dermatology clinic. We report a cohort of neonates who presented with a novel finding of white epidermal nevus and were eventually diagnosed with TSC. White epidermal nevus may be yet another dermatological finding that may aid in the early diagnosis of TSC.