bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microtubule-dependent polarization and migration of microglia conserved by α-linolenic acid and extracellular Tau-mediated stimulation
Authors: Desale Smita Eknath , Chinnathambi Subashchandrabose 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The polarized migratory microglia consisting of front edge lamellipodia and rear edge uropod direct migration at the chemotactic gradient. Thus, maintenance of polarized morphology of the cell is utmost to sense the extracellular signal and migrate towards it. During migration, actin provides protrusive forces for the cell; whereas microtubules contribute to directionality.
Methods
The disruption of microtubule with depolymerizing agent, Colchicine or stabilizing agent, Taxol significantly hampered polarized morphology and subsequent directed migration in response to the extracellular Tau species. Disruption of microtubule dynamics majorly challenge the matrix adhesion; resulting in the reduction of mesenchymal migration of microglia. In neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s disease, it is necessary to improve the disrupted polarized morphology of microglia as an approach to reduce the burden of extracellular aggregated proteins.
Results
Incorporation of α-linolenic acid (ALA), an omega-3 fatty acid; had significantly improved the microtubule-disrupted polarized morphology of microglia. The enhanced migration process over to Tau stimulus, which is a significant beneficial property to conserve polarized microglia in Alzheimer’s disease.
Conclusion
To conclude, the directed migration of microglia is a microtubule-dependent process since microtubule maintains polarized morphology and provides direction according to extracellular stimuli.
Integrating the 17 SDGs into the European Green Deal, through Strategic and Financial Approaches
Authors: Plataniotis Angelos , Koundouri Phoebe , Alamanos Angelos , Stavridis Charalambos , Landis Conrad , Chiatto Elisa , Halkos Georgios , Perifanos Konstantinos , Devves Stathis 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The European Green Deal (EGD) is the growth strategy for Europe, covering multiple domains, and aiming to an equitable, carbon neutral European Union by 2050. The UN Agenda 2030, with its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set the bases for a global sustainability transition. However, the integration of the SDGs into the EGD is an overlooked issue in the literature, although it is particularly important, given Europe’s slow progress to achieve the sustainability targets. In this paper, 22 central policies and strategies published during 2020–21 to support the EGD's implementation are assessed on how they align with Agenda’s 2030 aspirations, using novel text-mining methodologies: one human-based and one machine-learning-based. The results outline an alignment of EGD policies to the main SDGs themes relevant to Food, Land, Oceans, Energy, but also a strong indication that the progress towards sustainability passes through "Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions" (SDG16) and international "Partnerships for the Goals" (SDG17). We further explain the underlying policy mechanisms of the established ‘necessary transformations’ to build a sustainable Europe, along with the relevance of valuing the natural capital and integrating it into future investment and financial decisions.
Unidirectional and Heterogenous Wolbachia Transfer Rates Among Insect Host Orders
Authors: Aboumourad Marwa , zu Dohna Heinrich 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Wolbachia are highly prevalent endosymbiotic bacteria infecting more than two-thirds of arthropods. While Wolbachia are mainly transmitted vertically through the female germline, experiments and phylogenetic studies have suggested that horizontal transmission between hosts is not uncommon. In this study, we aim to get a better understanding of horizontal transfer events between hosts of different orders and between continents using a large database containing nucleotide sequences of the genes wsp and ftsZ.
Results
Our results show a high frequency of horizontal Wolbachia transmission between host orders and continents, but nevertheless detectable signals of the host phylogeny and geography in the Wolbachia phylogeny. Two different approaches for estimating transition rates between host orders from phylogenies produced evidence that Wolbachia transition rates between some insect orders are unidirectional. Furthermore, the phylogenies and transition rate estimates differed between the genes, suggesting that not all genes are equally likely to spread in a new host following horizontal transmission. This discrepancy between genes, however, is more evident on a larger timescale because highly similar sequences were grouped in the same clades on both genes.
Conclusions
Together, these results contribute to understanding the dynamics and patterns of Wolbachia host shifts and generate new hypotheses about factors that might prevent horizontal Wolbachia transfer. These insights have important implications for controlling disease vectors or understanding the coevolution of hosts and their associated microbes.
The Analysis of Orthopedic Steel Implant – Chemical Compositions, Mechanical Properties, and Static and Dynamic Electromagnetic Signatures
Authors: Chen Lucas Braddock 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Steel implants remains a major class of orthopedic prosthesis. However, it is often difficulty to obtain the exact chemical compositions of the implants, as the process requires extensive analysis procedures in the laboratory. Nevertheless, this information is important, as it has been shown that variability of steel composition may be responsible for some of the early prosthetic failures.
We previously developed a technique to identify metal alloys based on their magnetic signatures. We demonstrated that metals of different chemical composition would exhibit different electrical conductivity, and thus different magnetic field strengths when evoked by different levels of electric current. We further demonstrated that the electromagnetic signatures could be detected by the internal magnetometers located inside most smartphones as a part of the internal compass. In this manuscript we have compiled the electromagnetic signatures and magnetic force vectors of 516L steel alloy, a commonly used steel alloy for orthopedics implants. The manuscript further correlates the electromagnetic signatures to the chemical compositions and physical properties of the alloy. It is hoped that manufacturers can use the method to quickly verify the chemical compositions of the steel prior to prosthesis manufacturer, and also allow Pathologists to examined failed steel implants for chemical degradation that contributed to the implant failure.
A Simple Weakly-Supervised Contrastive Learning Framework for Few-shot Sentiment Classification
Authors: Chen Long , Ren Zhilin , Lu Shaoshuai , Huang Xiaohua , Wang Wenjing , Xu Cai , Zhao Wei , Guan Ziyu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Most existing deep learning-based sentiment classification methods need large human-annotated data, but labeling large amounts of high-quality emotional texts is labor-intensive. Users on various social platforms generate massive amounts of tagged opinionated text (e.g., tweets, customer reviews), providing a new resource for training deep models. However, some of the tagged instances have sentiment tags that are diametrically opposed to their true semantics. We cannot use this tagged data directly because the noisy labeled instances have a negative impact on the training phase. In this paper, we present a novel Simple Weakly-supervised Contrastive Learning framework (SWCL). We use the contrastive learning strategy to pre-train the deep model on the large user-tagged data (referred to as weakly-labeled data) and then the pre-trained model is fine-tuned on the small human-annotated data. We refine the contrastive loss function to better exploit inter-class contrastive patterns, making contrastive learning more applicable to the weakly-supervised setting. Besides, multiple sampling on different sentiment pairs reduces the negative impact of label noises. SWCL captures the diverse sentiment semantics of weakly labeled data and improves their suitability for downstream sentiment classification tasks. Our method outperforms the other baseline methods in experiments on the Amazon review, Twitter, and SST-5 datasets. Even when fine-tuned on 0.5 percent of the training data (i.e. 32 instances), our framework significantly boosts the deep models’ performance, demonstrating its robustness in a few-shot learning scenario.
Conversion of glucose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by carbonaceous solid acid catalysts loaded with Brønsted acid and Lewis acid in biphasic system
Authors: Guo Hui , Han Long , Baloch Humair Ahmed , Wang Zhonghui , Xia Jia , Zhang Chengkun , Yin Xuejian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Biomass-derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a vital platform compound for synthesizing biofuel and various high-value chemicals. This work prepared carbonaceous solid catalysts with Brønsted acid and Lewis acid using pine biomass as raw materials through metal chloride impregnation, carbonization, and sulfonation. Catalysts were then applied to convert glucose into HMF in a biphasic system involving NaCl solution and gamma-valerolactone. The results showed good catalytic reactivity for carbonaceous solid catalysts. The experiment of PC-Al-SO3H catalyzed glucose obtained 85.62 mol% glucose conversion and 45.40 mol% HMF yield at 160°C and 6 h. HMF yield and glucose conversion were significantly improved compared to uncatalyzed control experiments. Further, by using PC-2Al-SO3H as the catalyst, we were able to obtain an optimum HMF yield of 59.62 mol%. Furthermore, under the same conditions, PC-2Al-SO3H showed good cycle stability, with a decrease in the yield of less than 5 mol% after 5 cycles.
Prospecting the functional potential of Bacillus altitudinis 1.4 isolated from sediment in association with Bradyrhizobium japonicum
Authors: Jankoski Priscila Ribeiro , Bach Evelise , Bald Daniela Ritiele Quadros , Passaglia Luciane Maria Pereira , Carvalho Joseane Biso , Oliveira Rafael Rodrigues , Omori Wellington Pine , Motta Amanda Souza da 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Bacteria of the genus Bacillus are ubiquitous in nature and produce several antimicrobial compounds, being increasingly used in plant biocontrol. The objective of this study was to identify the bacterium isolate Bacillus sp. 1.4 at the species level and study its bioactive properties prospecting a potential in agricultural application. The bacterial isolate was identified as belonging to Bacillus altitudinis by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and genomic metrics. The antimicrobial substance extracted with butanol inhibited Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644 and Bradyrhizobium japonicum CT 00345 with inhibition halos of 12 and 13 mm, respectively. In the exopolysaccharide production assay, B. altitudinis1.4 presented a negative result and in the evaluation of motility through the swarming assay, 90 mm halos were observed in both agar concentrations (0.3 and 0.7%) for up to 72 h of incubation. Genomic analysis revealed genes potentially coding for features that might both be beneficial for plants and improve the competition of B. altitudinis 1.4 in soil. This bacterium was able to solubilize inorganic phosphate, coexist with B. japonicum CT 00345, and form more biofilm when grown together. Based on the results found and with new tests to be performed, it is suggested that the B. altitudinis 1.4 isolate could be a candidate for plant growth promoter.
The effects of sugammadex on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice
Authors: Karademir Mustafa , Ozturk Aysegul , Yulak Fatih , Ozkaraca Mustafa , Taskiran Ahmet Sevki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Sugammadex (SUG) is a modified γ-cyclodextrin molecule used in patients under general anesthesia to reverse the effects of neuromuscular blocking agents. Besides, recent studies have shown that SUG has positive effects on the nervous system. However, its effect on seizures is still unclear. The current study aimed to examine the effects of SUG on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epileptic seizures in mice. The mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. Group 1 was control, group 2 was administered saline (1 mL/kg serum physiologic), and Groups 3 and 4 were administered vortioxetine (150 and 300 mg/kg). Pentylenetetrazole (60 mg/kg) was given to induce seizures 30 min after saline or drug administration except for the control group. Total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels in the hippocampus and cortex were measured using a commercial kit. 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), 3,3 dityrosine, caspase-3, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and light chain 3 (LC3B) levels in the hippocampal CA1 region after seizures were evaluated immunohistochemical staining. SUG reduced seizure stages and increased epileptic seizure onset times. Moreover, it decreased TOS levels and increased TAS levels in the hippocampus and cortex. Besides, after seizures, it reduced 4-HNE, 3,3 dityrosandine, caspase-3, and LC3B immunohistochemical scores in the hippocampal CA1 region. SUG has protective effects on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice, with alleviated seizures, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. The anticonvulsant mechanism of SUG may be related to the inhibition of the oxidative stress pathway.
Effects of Organic Acids content in Roots and Root Exudates of Hordeum bogdanii by Endophytic Fungi
Authors: Mengfei Hu , Xiaozhen Liu , Feng Long , Shuihong Chen , Jun Gao , Zhenfang Chen , Dong Wang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Organic acid is one of the important components in plant roots and root exudates, which plays an important role in nutrient activation, changing soil microbial activity and alleviating metal element toxicity stress. To study the effect of endophytic fungi infection on the organic acid contents of plants, this study used the grass species Hordeum bogdanii, Endophytic Fungi (E+) and without endophytic fungi (E-) H. bogdanii grasses from Wensu County, Xinjiang Province, China, as test materials H. bogdanii plants were grown hydroponically and treated with 0, 50 and 150 mmol/L mixed alkali (Na2CO3:NaHCO3 = 1:1) for 1 and 21 h. Root exudates and fresh root samples were collected for determination the organic acid contents of malic acid, shikimic acid, citric acid, and oxalic acid. The results showed that under alkali stress, the oxalic acid content in roots and root exudates of E + and E- plants decreased. The contents of citric acid and shikimic acid in roots and root exudates of E + and E- plants increased first and then decreased. Malic acid content in root exudates did not change significantly, and malic acid content in roots increased with the increase of alkali stress time. Among them, the organic acid content of H. bogdanii E + plants was significantly higher than that of uninfected E- plants, indicating that endophytic fungi under alkali stress were helpful to increase the root exudates of H. bogdanii grass and the accumulation of malic acid, shikimic acid, citric acid and oxalic acid content in the root. The most obvious change was oxalic acid content, and there was interaction between endophytic fungi and alkali treatment. It indicated that endophytic fungi could increase the secretion of organic acids from plants under alkali stress, which was conducive to the survival of plants in alkaline soil.
Combined effect of basalt and polypropylene fibers on compressive strength of concrete
Authors: Almohammed Fadi , Thakur Mohindra S. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study examines the compressive strength of two concrete mixes (M25 and M20) enhanced with basalt fiber and polypropylene fiber. The experiment investigates the impact of each fiber independently as well as their combined effect. Various combinations of the fibers were employed, including 100% basalt fiber (BF), 100% polypropylene fiber (PF), 50% BF 50% PF, 75% BF 25% PF, and 25% BF 75% PF. For M25, the results indicate a decrease in compressive strength with the application of all fibers both independently and in combination, except for the (75% BF 25% PF) combination, which resulted in a slight increase in compressive strength. Basalt fiber was found to be more effective than polypropylene when applied independently, whereas the hybrid effect yielded better results than individual fiber. For M20, fibers had a more positive impact on the compressive strength, and the hybrid effect yielded better results than individual fibers. The combination of 25% BF and 75% PF was found to be the most effective in improving compressive strength.
Multi-criteria Decision Making Models in assessment of heavy metals leaching from waste
Authors: Król Anna , Jurczyk-Bunkowska Magdalena , Mizerna Kamila 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The paper presents a specific model used for the assessment and selection of the method of heavy metals leaching from waste materials. A recommendation for the rational selection of leachability method was made, taking into account the crucial parameters affecting the leaching process derived from the authors' research experience. The assessment models were supplemented with characteristics relating to the cost and time required to perform the tests. An approach was developed that makes the weights of the assessment criteria dependent on the degree of environmental risk from particular heavy metals and waste types. Using multiple-criteria decision analysis four models were developed for the assessment and selection of a test method for the leaching of heavy metals from waste, differing in the way in which the weights of the assessment criteria depend on the potential threat the waste poses to the environment. A key element of the proposed approach is assigning the weights of the criterion to the toxicity of the heavy metal and the kind of wastes and their management scenario. The results obtained indicate that the current practice of only imposing a batch leaching test is inappropriate. The choice of method should be justified in terms of environmental safety and reasonable in terms of time and costs. The results of the paper indicate the possibility of using the proposed model in practice as a recommendation for the method for heavy metals leaching from waste materials and their further treatment in accordance with the principles of sustainable waste management.
Short- and long-term temporal network prediction based on network memory
Authors: Zou Li , Ceria Alberto , Wang Huijuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Temporal networks like physical contact networks are networks whose topology changes over time. Predicting future temporal networks is crucial e.g., to forecast and mitigate the spread of epidemics and misinformation on the network. The classic temporal network prediction problem that aims to predict the temporal network in the short-term future based on the network observed in the past has been addressed mostly via machine learning algorithms, at the expense of high computational costs and limited interpretation of the underlying mechanisms that form the networks. This motivates us to develop network-based models to predict future network based on the network properties of links observed in the past. Firstly, we explore the similarity between the network topologies (snapshots) at any two time steps with a given time lag/interval. We find that the similarity is relatively high when the time lag is small and decreases as the time lag increases. Inspired by such time-decaying memory of temporal networks and recent advances, we propose two models that predict a link’s activity (i.e., connected or not) at the next time step based on past activities of the link itself or also of the neighboring links, respectively. It is observed that in seven real-world physical contact networks, our models outperform in both prediction quality and computational complexity, and predict better in networks that have a stronger memory. We also reveal how different types of neighboring links contribute to the prediction of a given link’s future activity, again depending on the properties of temporal networks. Furthermore, we adopt both models as well as baseline models for long-term temporal network prediction, that is, predicting temporal networks multi-time steps ahead based on the network topology observed in the past. Our models still perform better than baseline models at each step ahead in long-term prediction, and our models have a higher prediction quality in networks with stronger memory. The prediction quality of our SD model decays as the prediction step is further ahead in time and this decay speed is positively correlated with the decay speed of network memory. Finally, networks predicted by various models respectively have a heterogeneous distribution of inter-event time similar to real-world networks, and also the burstiness of inter-event times for individual link
The Close Relationship between Health Actions and Peacebuilding for the “Bien-Vivir” of Communities Affected by Armed Conflict in Colombia
Authors: González Lina , Duarte Andrés , Muñoz Jenny , Gómez Oscar , Castellanos Camila , Cuevas Virginia , Gómez-Restrepo Carlos 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: This study aims to present the design of a proposal for implementing the Comprehensive Health Care Routes in the municipality of Vista Hermosa (Meta, Colombia). We are trying to obtain an accurate and broad view of the health context in the municipality; identify the health assets, problems, and needs, as well as the enablers and barriers for implementing RIAS; and draft a series of recommendations for the implementation of the RIAS. We developed the fieldwork with people living in the urban area of Vista Hermosa and the rural settlement of Santo Domingo.
Methods: We developed this quasiexperimental study with quantitative and qualitative methods in four phases. First, we identified the area and worked on the bases. Second, we conducted community-based research to characterize the population; identify health beliefs, values, and needs, as well as enablers and barriers to accessing the health system; and evaluate the implementation of the RIAS for Health Promotion and Maintenance and the RIAS for Maternal-Perinatal Health in the municipality. Third, we designed a methodology for implementing the RIAS and developed six health interventions with their respective deliverables. Fourth, we transferred the constructed knowledge to the local community, the Health Care Talent, and the government authorities in Vista Hermosa.
Results: We made a diagnosis of the health of the residents of Vista Hermosa and specifically of the study participants based on the RIAS for Health Promotion and Maintenance and the RIAS for Maternal-Perinatal Health. We also developed a compendium of their values and beliefs about health, grouped into five categories: health and disease processes; health, body, and territory; health care; care networks; and barriers to access. Finally, we mapped the municipality's capacity to implement the RIAS and divided it into three categories: key actors, resources, and facilitators.
Discussion: This study made essential contributions in three areas: a) the communities in the urban areas of Vista Hermosa and Santo Domingo; b) the ongoing implementation of the RIAS in Vista Hermosa; and c) the field of research on peacebuilding health interventions. Finally, we identified challenges and limitations that may affect the implementation of the RIAS, as well as some recommendations to address the latter.