bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A deep learning-based method for pediatric congenital heart disease detection with seven standard views in echocardiography
Authors: Jiang Xusheng , Yu Jin , Ye Jingjing , Jia Weijie , Xu Weize , Shu Qiang 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundWith the aggregation of clinical data and the evolution of computational resources, artificial intelligence-based methods have become possible to facilitate clinical diagnosis. For congenital heart disease (CHD) detection, recent deep learning-based methods tend to achieve classification with few views or even a single view. Due to the complexity of CHD, the input images for the deep learning model should cover as many anatomical structures of the heart as possible to enhance the accuracy and robustness of the algorithm. In this paper, we first propose a deep learning method based on seven views for CHD classification and then validate it with clinical data, the results of which show the competitiveness of our approach.MethodsA total of 1411 children admitted to the Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine were selected, and their echocardiographic videos were obtained. Then, seven standard views were selected from each video, which were used as the input to the deep learning model to obtain the final result after training, validation and testing.ResultsIn the test set, when a reasonable type of image was input, the area under the curve (AUC) value could reach 0.91, and the accuracy could reach 92.3%. During the experiment, shear transformation was used as interference to test the infection resistance of our method. As long as appropriate data were input, the above experimental results would not fluctuate obviously even if artificial interference was applied.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the deep learning model based on the seven standard echocardiographic views can effectively detect CHD in children, and this approach has considerable value in practical application.
Race to the canopy: the development of tree size hierarchies following a partial disturbance in a boreal old-growth forest
Authors: Kulha Niko , Ahokas Antti , Gauthier Sylvie , Aakala Tuomas 
Published: June 2023

In boreal old-growth forests, advance regeneration typically attains canopy dominance through growth release events following partial disturbances. We sampled competing Picea mariana (Mill.) and Abies balsamea (L.) in disturbed old-growth stands in Quebec, Canada, to understand the intra- and interspecific size hierarchy development. We reconstructed tree size development and examined the role of initial size difference, time between germination and a disturbance, and the strength of response to the disturbance in determining tree size hierarchies. Trees that regenerated first generally dominated their intraspecific competitors also following a disturbance event. However, prolonged time between germination and disturbance resulted in a less deterministic outcome. Tree size difference prior to disturbance also influenced the development of size hierarchies. In interspecific competition between individuals of the same diameter, A. balsamea had a 61% probability of gaining dominance over P. mariana, the probability being 50% if P. mariana was 5 mm larger than A. balsamea. Dominant trees generally had the strongest response to the disturbance, reinforcing the existing size hierarchies. The largest trees typically gain dominance after a partial disturbance. However, interspecific competition is less predictable than intraspecific competition, small initial size difference, and prolonged time in suppression potentially changing tree size hierarchies.
The shock, the coping, the resilience: smartphone application use reveals Covid-19 lockdown effects on human behaviors
Authors: Liu Xiao Fan , Wang Zhen-Zhen , Xu Xiao-Ke , Wu Ye , Zhao Zhidan , Deng Huarong , Wang Ping , Chao Naipeng , Huang Yi-Hui C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHuman mobility restriction policies have been widely used to contain the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). However, a critical question is how these policies affect individuals’ behavioral and psychological well-being during and after confinement periods. Here, we analyze China’s five most stringent city-level lockdowns in 2021, treating them as natural experiments that allow for examining behavioral changes in millions of people through smartphone application use. We made three fundamental observations. First, the use of physical and economic activity-related apps experienced a steep decline, yet apps that provide daily necessities maintained normal usage. Second, apps that fulfilled lower-level human needs, such as working, socializing, information seeking, and entertainment, saw an immediate and substantial increase in screen time. Those that satisfied higher-level needs, such as education, only attracted delayed attention. Third, human behaviors demonstrated resilience as most routines resumed after the lockdowns were lifted. Nonetheless, long-term lifestyle changes were observed, as significant numbers of people chose to continue working and learning online, becoming “digital residents.” This study also demonstrates the capability of smartphone screen time analytics in the study of human behaviors.
TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES PREPARED VIA LASER ABLATION: EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY
Authors: HADI ALI J. , NAYEF UDAY M. , JABIR MAJID S. , MUTLAK FALAH A-H. 
Published: June 2023

Nanomaterials can be employed in various medicinal industries because of their unique characteristics versus bulk materials. Nanosized particles of Titanium dioxide were fabricated using the laser irradiation technique in this work. After production, the physical properties of Titanium dioxide were identified by Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, X-ray diffraction, FTIR, and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. Regarding TEM micrographs with various laser energies, the nanoparticles exhibit a spherical appearance, with average diameters ranging from 19[Formula: see text]nm to 26 nm based on the laser energy. X-ray diffraction results from combined Anatase and Rutile crystal structures in the prepared nanoparticles to indicate the production of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The FTIR analysis showed that the O-Ti-O mode includes a peak at approximately 480–550[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. In this study, the antibacterial efficacy of Titanium dioxide nanoparticles was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, as well as anticancer assay against prostate cancer cell line (PC-3 cells). The result shows that the effectiveness of prepared nanoparticles against S. aureus is more significant than that in E. coli, and the findings indicate the ability of prepared nanoparticles as an antiproliferative agent against PC-3 cells. In conclusion, the prepared nanoparticles could be used as a future strategy for further biomedical applications.
THREE-COLUMN OSTEOTOMY WITH COMBINATION OF COMPRESSION HOOK AND PEDICLE SCREW FIXATION FOR ADULT SPINAL DEFORMITY IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Authors: Kanno Haruo , Hashimoto Ko , Takahashi Kohei , Handa Kyoichi , Aizawa Toshimi , Ozawa Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Surgical treatment for adult spinal deformity (ASD) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is challenging and is associated with a significant risk of postoperative mechanical complications, such as rod breakage, pseudoarthrosis and proximal junctional failure. We herein report the surgical results of three-column osteotomy with pedicle screw fixation combined with compression hook for ASD associated with PD. Methods: We retrospectively investigated four patients with ASD due to PD who underwent three-column osteotomy with posterior instrumentation. The compression hook system placed on the laminae was used for closure of the osteotomy site during surgery and reinforcement of pedicle screw fixation. Surgical outcomes and radiographical parameters were analyzed. Results: Lumbar lordosis was improved from [Formula: see text] preoperatively to [Formula: see text] postoperatively, and [Formula: see text] at the final follow-up examination. The sagittal vertical axis was restored from 297 ± 104 mm preoperatively to 41 ± 13 mm postoperatively, and 72 ± 23 mm at the final follow-up examination. The preoperative VAS (88 ± 14 mm) for low back pain was significantly improved at the final follow-up examination (14 ± 28 mm). Walking disturbance due to low back pain was improved in all patients. No patients had mechanical failure (e.g. rod fracture, pseudarthrosis, or junctional failure) after surgery. Conclusion: The use of compression hooks to supplement pedicle screw fixation is beneficial for performing safe osteotomy closure during surgery and preventing postoperative mechanical failures, and may be a useful option when performing three-column osteotomy for ASD associated with PD.
Changes in Hepatic Function After Splenectomy for Hepatolenticular Degeneration, Cirrhosis, and Hypersplenism
Authors: Peng Hui , Li Ziyi , Zhang Wanzong , Hu Gaobin , Huang Long , Shen Yi , Zhang Qi , Yu Qingsheng 
Published: June 2023

Background Patients with hepatic reticulum degeneration (HLD) may eventually develop complications of cirrhosis with splenomegaly and hypersplenism, requiring splenectomy to alleviate hypersplenism and complete lifelong copper therapy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of splenectomy on liver function in patients with hypersplenism. Methods A retrospective systematic analysis was conducted on the liver function indicators of 220 HLD patients who underwent splenectomy from January 2015 to January 2018 before surgery and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 after surgery. Among them, 30 patients were followed up for 6 months. Results The Child score increased on the 1st day after surgery and gradually decreased after the 1st day. The level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TB) increased 5 days after surgery ( P < .01) and decreased on the 14th day after surgery ( P < .01); the level of albumin (ALB) decreased on the 1st, 3rd, and 5th day after surgery ( P < .01) and increased on the 14th day ( P < .01). The follow-up results of the patient for 6 months showed that the levels of ALT and AST decreased, while the levels of ALB increased 6 months after surgery. Conclusion Splenectomy is proved to be beneficial for the improvement of liver function in HLD patients combined with hypersplenism, which realize a lifelong anti-copper treatment.
Victims of Violence, How a Trauma Center and Family Justice Center Can Provide Continued Care After Initial Hospitalization
Authors: Lopez Janelle , Fong Krystina , Chow Erica , Romero Javier , Duncan Thomas K. , Diaz Graal 
Published: June 2023

Background: Intentional injuries are the second leading cause of death in the U.S. between the ages of 1 and 44. Each traumatic event is approached best with a multiagency and multidisciplinary approach. Family Justice Centers (FJCs) are structured as one-stop centers for victims of all forms of violence to provide services. Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe trauma patients evaluated in an FJC and determine the effect of the referrals on injury-related hospital recidivism. Method: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study of traumatically injured patients that were evaluated in an adult level II trauma center for 3 years and were referred to Ventura County’s FJC. Results: There were 415 trauma admissions for intentional injuries, which accounted for 10.4% of the total trauma-related hospital admissions. Of these patients, 203 (49%) were evaluated in Ventura County’s FJC. The remaining 212 (51%) had an open judicial case, thus, were not processed through the FJC due to conflict of interest. The mechanisms of injuries of patients that were evaluated at the FJC (N = 203) were mostly assaults (83%). Majority of the patients were of the Hispanic race (70%), males (69%), English speaking (77%), and aged 18-59 (84%). 573 individual services were provided to these patients. The patients evaluated through the FJC (N = 203) had zero recidivism, while those with open cases had a 1% recidivism rate (P = NS). Conclusion: By collaborating with FJCs, trauma center outcomes contribute to a pathway for healing and may prevent future acts of intentional injuries.
Intranasal Schirmer Test in Allergic Rhinitis: Relationship to Symptom Scores and Role in Determining Response to Treatment
Authors: Onerci Celebi Ozlem , Araz Server Ela , Kirgezen Tolga , Yigit Ozgur , Aki Ecem Sevim 
Published: June 2023

Objectives: The Intranasal Schirmer test (INS) is an easy to administer test that can yield objective measurement of the quantity of nasal secretion and has been studied in patients with various nasal and systemic pathologies; however, the role of INS in patients with allergic rhinitis remains unclear. Our aim was to determine the relationship between various allergic symptoms and the Intranasal Schirmer Test (INS) score and to evaluate the utility of INS in determining treatment effect in patients with allergic rhinitis. Methods: This prospective study included patients with allergic rhinitis who were randomly divided into 3 treatment groups (nasal steroid only, oral antihistamine only, nasal steroid and oral antihistamine). For all patients, Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) was used to measure symptom severity and INS was administered before and after treatment. Pre-treatment and post treatment TNSS and INS scores were compared between different treatment groups and within each group. Results: The study included 120 patients, with 40 patients in each group. There were significant differences both in pre-treatment and post-treatment symptom severity score with changes of INS scores between treatment groups ( P < .001 and P = .002, respectively). There was a significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment symptom severity scores and the INS score in each treatment group ( P < .001). There was also a significant positive correlation between INS score and TNSS ( r = .591 and P < .001). Conclusion: The Intranasal Schirmer Test can be used as an objective tool for patients with allergic rhinitis as an adjunct to subjective patient symptom reports and can also be used to determine the response to treatment.
Damage tolerance related to the damage area of impacted carbon/epoxy composite laminates
Authors: Targino Talita Galvão , Dantas da Cunha Rayane , Ribeiro Gleicy de Lima Xavier , Paiva da Costa Ferreira Evans , Freire Júnior Raimundo Carlos Silverio , Daniel Diniz Melo José 
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to analyze the damage tolerance of a carbon/epoxy composite laminate (AS4/8552) impacted at low velocity, relating residual strength values with the impact energy and delaminated area. AS4/8552 laminated plates [0°3/90°/±45°]S were submitted to low-velocity impact tests with three energy levels: 30 J, 45 J and 74 J. Next, the test specimens were analyzed by X-ray computed tomography to check for cracks and delaminations, and compression after impact (CAI) tests conducted to assess their residual strength. The results indicate that above the minimum energy level of low-velocity impact to cause damage, the residual strength of the laminate may be related to the delaminated area.
International RELAY®, branched outcomes – designed to respect and repair the thoracic aorta: A comparative analysis between double and triple branched configurations
Authors: Singh Sidhant , Surkhi Abedalaziz O , Howard Callum , Mariscalco Giovanni 
Published: June 2023

Background Endovascular aortic arch repair (EAR) has emerged as an alternative to open surgical repair. A growing interest in endovascular repair techniques for aortic arch aneurysms and dissection has been met with a focus on the clinical efficacy of EAR devices. We present multicentre comparative data on the clinical outcomes associated with EAR using the double- and triple-branched configurations of the RELAY™ (Terumo Aortic, Scotland, UK) endograft. Methods Multicentre data on EAR procedures, carried out from January 2019 to January 2022, using the double- and triple-branched RELAY™ endograft were collected prospectively. Follow-up data were collected at 30 days, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months postoperative. Retrospective descriptive analysis, logistic regression, and Kaplan–Meier analysis were carried out on procedural and follow-up data. Results A total of 131 patients were included in the series. In total, 103 and 28 patients were treated with the double-branched and triple-branched RELAY™ endograft, respectively. Over the 24-month follow-up period, zero mortality, cases of stroke, or reinterventions were recorded in the triple-branched group. Four mortalities, 19 disabling strokes, and 50 reinterventions were recorded in the double-branched group within 30 postoperative days. Target vessel patency was maintained in all patients in the triple-branched group, while vessel patency was maintained in 74.0% of patients in the double-branched group. Conclusion Outcomes associated with the triple-branched group are consistent with those reported in the literature. Our data suggest that EAR with the RELAY™ endograft is associated with favourable clinical outcomes and clinical efficacy. Further comparative research into EAR devices is needed.
Successful management of harlequin syndrome due to pulmonary hemorrhage and atelectasis with VAV- ECMO
Authors: Antonogiannakis Anastasios , Antonopoulos Mixalis , Elaiopoulos Dimitrios , Leontiadis Evaggelos , Ieromonachos Konstantinos , Adamopoulos Stamatios , Chamogeorgakis Themistoklis , Dimopoulos Stavros 
Published: June 2023

Introduction Pulmonary hemorrhage is a life-threatening complication of VA-ECMO occasionally presenting with Harlequin syndrome. Case report We present a case of a VA-ECMO patient complicated with pulmonary hemorrhage, complete right lung atelectasis and differential hypoxia refractory to conventional treatment including optimal mechanical ventilation and bronchoscopy interventions. Patient was successfully managed by conversion of VA to VAV-ECMO. Discussion Pulmonary hemorrhage and atelectasis treatment in a VA-ECMO patient includes transfusion, hold and reversal of anticoagulation, bronchoscopy interventions and optimization of VA-ECMO and ventilator support. Differential hypoxia may ensue due to residual native cardiac function. If refractory to conservative treatment, a VAV-ECMO configuration may be utilized to improve upper body oxygenation by inserting an additional cannula to the superior vena cava. Conclusion VAV-ECMO is an ECMO configuration support in patients at risk of Harlequin syndrome presenting with pulmonary hemorrhage.
Distance supervision as experienced by occupational therapists in mental health: An interpretative phenomenological study
Authors: Matson Rebecca , Linforth Jo , Edge Chris 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Distance methods of supervision rapidly increased in use during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and it is important to consider if these methods meet the needs of supervisees when deciding whether to retain these practices moving forward. Methods: An interpretative phenomenological approach was used to gain insight into the lived experience of distance supervision. Semi-structured interviews were completed with six occupational therapists who had experience receiving distance supervision as a supervisee, all of whom work in inpatient mental health units within a private healthcare company. Results: Interpretative phenomenological analysis revealed four superordinate themes of an altered interaction; the importance of a protected space; factors within the supervisory relationship and maximising the best of both worlds. Conclusion: Distance supervision methods afford increased access for supervisees and a reduction in the practical demands when supervised by an off-site supervisor. There are, however, clear differences in the nature of the experience which need to be considered to ensure that supervisee needs are met. This study provides insight into how distance supervision methods impact on the experience for supervisees and suggests areas for further consideration in moving forward with such approaches.
Cognitive Functional Remote Group intervention for adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A feasibility study
Authors: Galili-Simhon Shoval , Maeir Adina 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among adults has been associated with deficits in executive functioning and poor quality of life. The purpose of this study is to examine feasibility of the Cognitive Functional Remote Group intervention among adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Method: Mixed-method feasibility study. Five adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder received 16 weekly sessions of Cognitive Functional Remote Group. Results: The target population was easily recruited and showed interest in the treatment. All participants completed the intervention and were moderately-very highly satisfied with different aspects of the intervention. Additionally, pre–post measures demonstrated high rates of clinically significant improvements in the quality of life measure and less so in executive functioning. Three central themes emerged from qualitative analyses of participants experiences relating to (a) Identity development through group process; (b) Occupation-based learning of self-awareness and cognitive functional strategies and (c) Feedback on group setting and content and relating to advantages and disadvantages of remote (Zoom) format. Conclusion: This study supported Cognitive Functional Remote Group feasibility among adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Quantitative findings point to the responsiveness of quality-of-life measures. Qualitative findings suggest gains in identity development, awareness and acquisition of cognitive functional strategies through occupation-based learning in a telerehabilitation group therapy format. Further controlled studies are warranted.