bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and psychometric validation of the Sickness Presenteeism Scale‐Nurse
Authors: Baris Veysel Karani , Intepeler Seyda Seren , Unal Aysun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThis study's aim is to develop and psychometrically assess the Sickness Presenteeism Scale‐Nurse.BackgroundEvaluation of the effects of sickness presenteeism on nurses' performance and productivity is important for healthcare quality.DesignThis was an instrument development and validation study.MethodsScale items were created based on literature review and qualitative research. Data were collected from 619 nurses between October and December 2021. The factor structure of the scale was determined by explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis performed with different sample groups. Convergent and discriminant validity were investigated, and reliability was evaluated with Cronbach's α values, adjusted item‐total correlation, composite‐reliability and split‐half reliability.ResultsExplanatory factor analysis showed that Sickness Presenteeism Scale‐Nurse consisted of four sub‐dimensions and 21 items and explained 57.9% of the total variance. This factor structure was confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The convergent and discriminant validity was confirmed. The total Cronbach's α value of the scale was calculated as 0.928, with Cronbach's α values of the sub‐dimensions calculated as 0.815–0.903; composite reliability values were calculated as 0.804–0.903.ConclusionsThe Sickness Presenteeism Scale‐Nurse is a valid and reliable measurement instrument that can be used to evaluate the effect of nurses' sickness presenteeism behaviour on job performance.
DACH1 regulates macrophage activation and tumour progression in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Wenjing , Xu Licheng , Cao Jing , Ge Jingchun , Liu Xinyu , Liu Pengyan , Teng Yujian , Wang Shunpeng , Sun Yanan , Liu Ming , Tian Linli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDachshund family transcription factor 1 (DACH1) has been shown to exhibit a tumour‐suppressive role in a number of human cancers. However, the role of DACH1 in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) and its function in the tumour microenvironment (TME) are still not clear. Crosstalk between cancer cells and tumour‐associated macrophages (TAMs) mediates tumour progression in HPSCC. The expression of DACH1, CD86 and CD163 was detected in 71 matched HPSCC–non‐cancerous tissue pairs using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and IHC analysis. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were monitored by colony formation, Transwell and EdU incorporation assays. ChIP‐qPCR and dual‐luciferase reporter assays were applied to verify the targeting relationships between DACH1 and IGF‐1. Stably transfected HPSCC cells were co‐cultured with MΦ macrophages to assess macrophage polarization and secretory signals. DACH1 was decreased in HPSCC tissues and was indicative of a poor prognosis for HPSCC patients. Decreased DACH1 expression in HPSCC was associated with fewer CD86+ TAMs and more CD163+ TAMs. Knockdown of DACH1 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of FaDu cells via Akt/NF‐κB/MMP2/9 signalling. Additionally, DACH1 was found to directly bind to the promoter region of IGF‐1 to downregulate the secretion of IGF‐1, which inhibited TAMs polarization through the IGF‐1R/JAK1/STAT3 axis. Furthermore, in nude mice, the effects of DACH1 inhibition on tumour progression and M2‐like TAMs polarization were confirmed. These findings suggest that IGF‐1 is a critical downstream effector of DACH1 that suppresses cell migration and invasion and inhibits TAMs polarization. DACH1 could be a therapeutic target and prognostic marker for HPSCC.
Service users' perceptions of recovery from recent‐onset psychosis and their long journey to and through psychiatric treatment
Authors: Temesgen Worku Animaw , Chien Wai Tong , Li Yan , Valimaki Maritta Anneli , Bressington Daniel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA growing body of evidence highlights that individuals' understanding of mental illness and recovery influences their mental health care preferences. Journeys to psychiatric care settings vary across regions with different socio‐economic and developmental characteristics. However, these journeys in low‐income African countries have not been well explored. This descriptive qualitative study aimed to describe service users' journeys to and through psychiatric treatment and explore their conceptualizations of recovery from recent‐onset psychosis. Nineteen adults with recent‐onset psychosis were recruited from three hospitals in Ethiopia for an individual semi‐structured interview. Data from in‐depth face‐to‐face interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed. Participants' conceptualizations of recovery are summarized into four themes; “domination over the disturbance of psychosis”, “complete medical treatment course and stay normal”, “stay active in life with optimal functioning”, and “reconcile with the new reality and rebuild hope and life”. These perceptions of recovery were reflected in their accounts of the long and hurdled journey to and through conventional psychiatric care settings. Participants' perceptions of psychotic illness, treatment, and recovery seemed to result in delayed or limited care in conventional treatment settings. Misunderstandings about only requiring a limited period/course of treatment for a full and permanent recovery should be addressed. Clinicians should work alongside traditional beliefs about psychosis to maximize engagement and promote recovery. Integrating conventional psychiatric treatment with spiritual/traditional healing services may make an important contribution to early treatment initiation and improving engagement.
The symptom experience of newly diagnosed Chinese patients with Crohn's disease: A longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: Chen Lingxi , Zhou Yunxian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsTo longitudinally explore the symptom experience of Chinese patients with Crohn's disease within the first year following their diagnosis.DesignA longitudinal qualitative study.MethodEighteen newly diagnosed Chinese patients with Crohn's disease were recruited through purposive sampling. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted at four time points: soon after diagnosis, 3, 6 and 12 months post‐diagnosis. Data were collected between January 2021 and February 2022. Conventional content analysis was used for data analysis of each time point. Afterwards, the data of each time point were compared longitudinally. COREQ checklist was followed.ResultsThree themes and eight sub‐themes were formed through analysis: feelings towards symptoms (symptoms make me feel uneasy, symptoms make me feel inferior and symptoms make me feel helpless); acceptability of symptoms (difficult to accept, have to accept, be able to accept); functions of symptoms (assessing disease conditions and treatment effects, warning of disease management).ConclusionsOverall, the negative emotions related to symptoms gradually decreased over time, and the patient's acceptance of symptoms increased within the first year following diagnosis. In addition, when the disease was in remission after treatment, the warning function of symptoms gradually weakened.ImpactThe process of how patients accept their symptoms found in this study provides a basis for nurses to improve patients' acceptance of symptoms and reduce their symptom‐related negative emotions. This study also emphasizes the phenomenon that patients gradually ignore some symptoms with their increased acceptance level, which warrants additional health education to strengthen their awareness of self‐management.Patient or public contributionNo patient or public contribution was required to design or undertake this study. Patients contributed only to the data collection and member checking.
Sleep disturbances are associated with pain intensity and pain‐related functional interference in patients experiencing orofacial pain
Authors: Thimma Ravindranath Priya , Smith Jared G. , Niloofar Rasooli Nia , Ebelthite Candice , Renton Tara 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSleep and pain have a reciprocal relationship, interacting with psychosocial aspects including depression, anxiety, somatization and significant stressful events.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess patients with oro‐facial pain (OFP) and related sleep disturbances and determine the strongest psychosocial correlates.MethodsA cross‐sectional study of anonymized data of consecutive patients with OFP {January 2019 and February 2020} were analysed. Diagnostic and Axis‐II data were integrated to assess the relationship between sleep disturbances, measured using Chronic Pain Sleep Inventory, and demographic factors, clinical comorbidities, recent stressful events, pain severity and pain‐ and psychological‐related function.ResultsFive out of six patients with OFP were presented with pain‐related sleep disturbances. Sleep problems were enhanced in patients with primary oro‐facial headache compared with other OFP conditions. However, once the level of pain intensity and interference was accounted for, primary headache, was not a significant correlate of pain‐related sleep disturbances. Multivariate analysis revealed (average) pain severity and pain interference were both significantly associated with sleep problems. There were also significant independent associations of sleep problems with somatization levels and reported experience of recent stressful events.ConclusionIdentifying sleep problems as a part of OFP management may be beneficial and could result in better management outcomes.
DNA damage‐inducible transcript 3 deficiency promotes bone resorption in murine periodontitis models
Authors: Luo Yao , Yang Beining , Dong Wei , Yu Wenqian , Jia Meie , Wang Jiawei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivePeriodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease that leads to the destruction of supporting structures of the teeth. DNA damage‐inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3) plays crucial roles in cell survival and differentiation. DDIT3 regulates bone mass and osteoclastogenesis in femur. However, the role of DDIT3 in periodontitis has not been elucidated. This research aimed to explore the role and mechanisms of DDIT3 in periodontitis.MethodsDDIT3 gene knockout (KO) mice were generated using a CRISPR/Cas9 system. Experimental periodontitis models were established to explore the role of DDIT3 in periodontitis. The expression of DDIT3 in periodontal tissues was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The alveolar bone phenotypes were observed by micro‐CT and stereomicroscopy. The inflammation levels and osteoclast activity were examined by histological staining, immunostaining, and qRT‐PCR. Bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMMs) were isolated to confirm the effects of DDIT3 on osteoclast formation and function in vitro.ResultsThe increased expression of DDIT3 in murine inflamed periodontal tissues was detected. DDIT3 knockout aggravated alveolar bone loss and enhanced expression levels of inflammatory cytokines in murine periodontitis models. Increased osteoclast formation and higher expression levels of osteoclast‐specific markers were observed in the inflamed periodontal tissues of KO mice. In vitro, DDIT3 deficiency promoted the formation of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)‐positive multinucleated osteoclasts and the bone resorption activity of mature osteoclasts.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that DDIT3 deletion aggravated alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis through enhanced inflammatory reactions and osteoclastogenesis. The anti‐inflammation and the inhibition of bone loss by DDIT3 in murine periodontitis provides a potential novel therapeutic strategy for periodontitis.
Modelling metabolic performance in paediatric obstructive sleep disordered breathing: A case–control study
Authors: de Sousa Francisco Alves , Rios Pinho Marta , Nóbrega Pinto Ana , Coutinho Miguel Bebiano , Caldas Afonso Alberto , Magalhães Manuel Ferreira 
Published: May 2023

SummaryPaediatric obstructive sleep disordered breathing (OSDB) has a considerable impact on cardiovascular physiology, but the consequences on children's basal metabolism and response to exercise are far from being known. The objective was to propose model estimations for paediatric OSDB metabolism at rest and during exercise. A retrospective case–control analysis of data from children submitted to otorhinolaryngology surgery was performed. The heart rate (HR) was measured, while oxygen consumption (VO2) and energy expenditure (EE) at rest and during exercise were obtained using predictive equations. The results for the patients with OSDB were compared with controls. A total of 1256 children were included.A total of 449 (35.7%) had OSDB. The patients with OSDB showed a significantly higher resting heart rate (94.55 ± 15.061 bpm in OSDB vs. 92.41 ± 15.332 bpm in no‐OSDB,p = 0.041). The children with OSDB showed a higher VO2at rest (13.49 ± 6.02 mL min−1kg−1in OSDB vs. 11.55 ± 6.83 mL min−1kg−1in no‐OSDB,p = 0.004) and a higher EE at rest (67.5 ± 30.10 cal min−1kg−1in OSDB vs. 57.8 + 34.15 cal min−1kg−1in no‐OSDB,p = 0.004). At maximal exercise, patients with OSDB showed a lower VO2max (33.25 ± 5.82 mL min−1kg−1in OSDB vs. 34.28 ± 6.71 in no‐OSDB,p = 0.008) and a lower EE (166.3 ± 29.11 cal min−1kg−1in OSDB vs. 171.4 ± 33.53 cal min−1kg−1in no‐OSDB,p= 0.008). The VO2/EE increment with exercise (Δ VO2and Δ EE) was lower in OSDB for all exercise intensities (p = 0.009). This model unveils the effect of paediatric OSDB on resting and exercise metabolism. Our findings support the higher basal metabolic rates, poorer fitness performance, and cardiovascular impairment found in children with OSDB.
Longitudinal associations between insomnia, cannabis use and stress among US veterans
Authors: Davis Jordan P. , Prindle John , Saba Shaddy K. , Castro Carl A. , Hummer Justin , Canning Liv , Pedersen Eric R. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryInsomnia is highly prevalent among military veterans, with rates nearly double that of civilian populations. Insomnia typically co‐occurs with other psychological problems, including substance use (e.g. cannabis) and perceived stress. Much of the research focused on insomnia, stress and cannabis use explores cannabis as a sleep aid and a mechanism for stress relief. However, recent theoretical and empirical evidence suggests a dynamic interplay between insomnia, cannabis use and perceived stress, yet few longitudinal studies exist. Using a sample of 1105 post‐9/11 veterans assessed over four time points across 12 months, we used latent difference score modelling to examine proportional change between insomnia, perceived stress and cannabis use. Results revealed a complex interplay between all three constructs. In particular, we show that higher prior levels of insomnia are associated with greater increases in perceived stress, and greater prior levels of stress are associated with greater increases in cannabis use. Perhaps more importantly, our results also point to cannabis use as a catalyst for greater increases in both stress and insomnia severity. Our results suggest there may be both benefits and costs of cannabis use among veterans. Specifically, for veterans who experience chronic sleep problems, perceived stress may become overwhelming, and the benefit of stress reduction from increased cannabis use may come at the cost of increasing insomnia symptomology.
Crafting and collecting cyanotypes: Anna Atkins's Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions
Authors: Franchi Sophia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis essay reads Anna Atkins's Photographs of British Algae: Cyanotype Impressions (1843–1853) as an example of Victorian imitative art by reading it through the lens of Victorian domestic handicraft. It does so in order to resituate Atkins's work within the history of scientific visualization and to contribute to the increasing complexity scholars of visual culture and of the scientific image have added to prevailing accounts of the rise of the “objective” scientific image in the nineteenth‐century. Building on the work of historians of photography, art, science, and literature, it argues that her cyanotypes point toward an alternative history of scientific image as a form of craft and collection that resonates with recent calls in the study of the scientific image and scientific practices to move “beyond representation.”
Temporary versus permanent disability: A dynamic incentives model
Authors: Giannoccolo Pierpaolo , Platoni Silvia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article extends previous disability models in a different and more detailed framework that contemplates both temporary and permanent disability. By introducing different degrees of disability, the paper contributes to the recent debate among empirical scholars on the growth of disability insurance programmes in several OECD countries. This approach allows us to analyse, and consequently compare, the consumption paths of able, temporarily disabled, and permanently disabled workers. Furthermore, in a numerical simulation, the analysis demonstrates that the system of dynamic incentives should adapt the disability benefits to the different disability statuses.
Essential role of the CD docking motif of MPK4 in plant immunity, growth, and development
Authors: Siodmak Anna , Shahul Hameed Umar F. , Rayapuram Naganand , Völz Ronny , Boudsocq Marie , Alharbi Siba , Alhoraibi Hanna , Lee Yong‐Hwan , Blilou Ikram , Arold Stefan T. , Hirt Heribert 
Published: May 2023

Summary

MAPKs are universal eukaryotic signaling factors whose functioning is assumed to depend on the recognition of a common docking motif (CD) by its activators, substrates, and inactivators.

We studied the role of the CD domain of Arabidopsis MPK4 by performing interaction studies and determining the ligand‐bound MPK4 crystal structure.

We revealed that the CD domain of MPK4 is essential for interaction and activation by its upstream MAPKKs MKK1, MKK2, and MKK6. Cys181 in the CD site of MPK4 was shown to become sulfenylated in response to reactive oxygen species in vitro. To test the function of C181 in vivo, we generated wild‐type (WT) MPK4‐C181, nonsulfenylatable MPK4‐C181S, and potentially sulfenylation mimicking MPK4‐C181D lines in the mpk4 knockout background. We analyzed the phenotypes in growth, development, and stress responses, revealing that MPK4‐C181S has WT activity and complements the mpk4 phenotype. By contrast, MPK4‐C181D cannot be activated by upstream MAPKK and cannot complement the phenotypes of mpk4.

Our findings show that the CD motif is essential and is required for activation by upstream MAPKK for MPK4 function. Furthermore, growth, development, or immunity functions require upstream activation of the MPK4 protein kinase.
Phloem development
Authors: Hardtke Christian S. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryThe evolution of the plant vascular system is a key process in Earth history because it enabled plants to conquer land and transform the terrestrial surface. Among the vascular tissues, the phloem is particularly intriguing because of its complex functionality. In angiosperms, its principal components are the sieve elements, which transport phloem sap, and their neighboring companion cells. Together, they form a functional unit that sustains sap loading, transport, and unloading. The developmental trajectory of sieve elements is unique among plant cell types because it entails selective organelle degradation including enucleation. Meticulous analyses of primary, so‐called protophloem in the Arabidopsis thaliana root meristem have revealed key steps in protophloem sieve element formation at single‐cell resolution. A transcription factor cascade connects specification with differentiation and also orchestrates phloem pole patterning via noncell‐autonomous action of sieve element‐derived effectors. Reminiscent of vascular tissue patterning in secondary growth, these involve receptor kinase pathways, whose antagonists guide the progression of sieve element differentiation. Receptor kinase pathways may also safeguard phloem formation by maintaining the developmental plasticity of neighboring cell files. Our current understanding of protophloem development in the A. thaliana root has reached sufficient detail to instruct molecular‐level investigation of phloem formation in other organs.
Optimal graft size in pediatric living donor liver transplantation: How are children different from adults?
Authors: Kasahara Mureo , Sakamoto Seisuke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPediatric liver transplantation is an established treatment for end‐stage liver disease in children. However, it is still posing relevant challenges, such as optimizing the graft selection according to the recipient size. Unlike adults, small children tolerate large‐for‐size grafts and insufficient graft volume might represent an issue in adolescents when graft size is disproportionate.MethodsGraft‐size matching strategies over time were examined in pediatric liver transplantation. This review traces the measures/principles put in place to prevent large‐for‐size or small‐for‐size grafts in small children to adolescents with a literature review and an analysis of the data issued from the National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.ResultsReduced left lateral segment (LLS; Couinaud's segment II and III) was widely applicable for small children less than 5 kg with metabolic liver disease or acute liver failure. There was significantly worse graft survival if the actual graft‐to‐recipient weight ratio (GRWR) was less than 1.5% in the adolescent with LLS graft due to the small‐for‐size graft. Children, particularly adolescents, may then require larger GRWR than adults to prevent small‐for‐size syndrome. The suggested ideal graft selections in pediatric LDLT are: reduced LLS, recipient body weight (BW) < 5.0 kg; LLS, 5.0 kg ≤ BW < 25 kg; left lobe (Couinaud's segment II, III, IV with middle hepatic vein), 25 kg ≤ BW < 50 kg; right lobe (Couinaud's segment V, VI, VII, VIII without middle hepatic vein), 50 kg ≤ BW. Children, particularly adolescents, may then require larger GRWR than adults to prevent small‐for‐size syndrome.ConclusionAge‐appropriate and BW‐appropriate strategies of graft selection are crucial to secure an excellent outcome in pediatric living donor liver transplantation.