bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Role of Libraries in Promoting Child Mental Health in Bangladesh: A Study on Some Selected Libraries
Authors: Hasan Md. Nazmul , Khatun Mst. Shapla , Haque Md. Armanul , Akanda A. K. M. Eamin Ali , Islam Md. Mahbubul , Rahman Zihadur , Aziz Dil Afroz Bente , Panday Pradip Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Aims: The research aimed to figure out the existing roles of libraries in promoting child mental health. The study also focused on the child's mental health importance, the warning sign of children, common disorders and promotional strategies for child mental health.
Methodology: To figure out these roles’ the researcher adopted qualitative research. For this study, the researcher collected data by a scheduled interview, the respondents were chosen mostly from the public libraries and one from Shishu academy library. In line, the text analysis technique was used to identify the different types of roles.
Results: The study's key findings are presented from three perspectives: firstly, the socio-economic determinants of child mental health. Secondly, libraries' role as services providers, as bibliotherapists and as motivators which affects children’s mental health, and develops their thinking capability. Finally, libraries can flourish in their role by adequate books, health equipment, and by collaborating with the school library to organize workshop.
Conclusion: The study's conclusion is to draw the attention of the important stakeholders to the significance of children's mental health and the librarian's role in encouraging it through specialized read-aloud programs, helpful resources, and a welcoming library environment. Stakeholders should take proactive measures to promote and fund these programs by acknowledging the important effects that early exposure to literature and positive reading experiences can have a great impact on a child's mental well-being. This will help to establish a nurturing and enriching environment.
Effect of Organic Manures and Potassium Levels on Growth and Yield Attributes of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)
Authors: Madhan Tiravaturu , Umesha C. 
Published: August 2023

The field experiment was conducted during rabi 2022 at the Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology And Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P.) India. To study the Response of Organic manures and potassium on growth and yield of Pearl millet The treatment combinations were T1: FYM 5t/ha + 30 kg/ha potassium, T2: FYM 5t/ha + 40 kg/ha potassium, T3: FYM 5t/ha + 50 kg/ha potassium, T4: Vermicompost 5t/ha + 30 kg/ha potassium, T5: Vermicompost 5t/ha + 40kg/ha potassium, T6: Vermicompost 5t/ha + 50kg/ha potassium, T7: Poultry Manure 4t/ha + 30kg/ha potassium, T8: Poultry Manure 4t/ha + 40kg/ha potassium, T9: Poultry Manure 4t/ha + 50kg/ha potassium, and control plot T10:(RDF80:40:40 NPK kg/ha) . Results obtained that the plant height (168.06 cm), plant dry weight(48.87 g/plant),crop growth rate (24.0 g/m2/day), ear head length (25.07cm) number of grains/ear head (2372.69), test weight (10.92 gm), seed yield (36.90 q/ha) and stover yield (68.03 q/ha)were significantly influenced with application of Poultry Manure 4t/ha + 50 kg/ha potassium. Higher gross return (INR 86707.17/ha), higher net return (INR 58590.17/ha) and highest B:C ratio (2.08) were also recorded in treatment-9 (Poultry Manure 4t/ha + 50 kg/ha potassium).
Complications by Ophthalmic Residents while doing Phacoemulsification Surgery: A Comparative Approach
Authors: Khaqan Hussain Ahmad , Hassan Laraib , Fauzan Ahmad , Bukhsh Hasnain Muhammad , Haider Muhammad Ali , Jabran Aamna 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The purpose of our study is to compare the rates of complications by ophthalmic residents while doing phacoemulsification surgery with supervision or without supervision of attending.
Place of Study: Lahore General Hospital, Lahore.
Duration of Study: one year (February 2022 to February 2023).
Institution review board approval was obtained before the study was initiated. All cataract surgeries were done by third year and forth year residents , total of 50 in number were recorded. Results were analyzed and compared for the residents performing phacoemulsification surgery with supervision and without supervision.
Results: A Performa was circulated among 50 residents of ophthalmology and results were deduced.45 residents out of 50 residents (90%) performed phaco surgery without any complication under supervision.1 resident out of 50 residents (2%) had poor wound construction while doing surgery under supervision.2 residents out of 50 residents (4%) had Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorhexis run off while doing surgery under supervision .1 resident out of 50 residents (2%) had a posterior capsular rent without nucleus drop while working under supervision.1 resident out of 50 residents (2%) had a posterior capsular rent with nucleus drop while working under supervision.
Without supervision 30 residents out of 50 (60%) performed surgery without any complications.5 residents out of 50 (10%) had poor wound construction.5 residents out of 50 (10%) had Posterior capsular rent with nucleus drop .7 residents out of 50 (14%) had posterior capsular rent only. 3 residents out of 50 (6%) had CCC run off.
Conclusion: When residents perform surgery under supervision there is less chance of complications as compared to when the residents perform surgery without supervision so residents must perform surgery under supervision of seniors to avoid complications.
Excess All-Cause Mortality in China After Ending the Zero COVID Policy
Authors: Xiao Hong , Wang Zhicheng , Liu Fang , Unger Joseph M. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceIn China, the implementation of stringent mitigation measures kept COVID-19 incidence and excess mortality low during the first years of the pandemic. However, China’s decision to end its dynamic zero COVID policy (a proactive strategy that deploys mass testing and strict quarantine measures to stamp out any outbreak before it can spread) in December 2022 resulted in a surge in COVID-19 incidence and hospitalizations. Despite worldwide attention given to this event, the actual impact of this sudden shift in policy on population mortality has not been empirically estimated.ObjectiveTo assess the association of the sudden shift in China’s dynamic zero COVID policy with mortality using empirical and syndromic surveillance data.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study analyzed published obituary data from 3 universities in China (2 in Beijing and 1 in Heilongjiang) and search engine data from the Baidu index (BI; weighted frequency of unique searches for a given keyword relative to the total search volume on the Baidu search engine) in each region of China from January 1, 2016, to January 31, 2023. Using an interrupted time-series design, analyses estimated the relative change in mortality among individuals 30 years and older in the universities and the change in BI for mortality-related terms in each region of China from December 2022 to January 2023. Analysis revealed a strong correlation between Baidu searches for mortality-related keywords and actual mortality burden. Using this correlation, the relative increase in mortality in Beijing and Heilongjiang was extrapolated to the rest of China, and region-specific excess mortality was calculated by multiplying the proportional increase in mortality by the number of expected deaths. Data analysis was performed from February 10, 2023, to March 5, 2023.ExposureThe end to the dynamic zero COVID policy in December 2022 in China.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMonthly all-cause mortality by region.ResultsAn estimated 1.87 million (95% CI, 0.71 million-4.43 million; 1.33 per 1000 population) excess deaths occurred among individuals 30 years and older in China during the first 2 months after the end of the zero COVID policy. Excess deaths predominantly occurred among older individuals and were observed across all provinces in mainland China except Tibet.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of the population in China, the sudden lifting of the zero COVID policy was associated with significant increases in all-cause mortality. These findings provide valuable insights for policy makers and public health experts and are important for understanding how the sudden propagation of COVID-19 across a population may be associated with population mortality.
Socioeconomic Status Among Cochlear Implant Candidates and Association With Surgical Pursuance
Authors: Quimby Alexandra E. , Venkatesh Sanjena , Corsten Martin , McDonald James Ted , Hwa Tiffany P. , Bigelow Douglas C. , Ruckenstein Michael J. , Johnson-Obaseki Stephanie , Brant Jason A. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceDespite the sizeable global burden of hearing loss, cochlear implants have poor penetrance among eligible hearing-impaired individuals. Identifying populations who may benefit from a cochlear implant but among whom penetrance is poor is an important aim in reducing the health-related and economic effects of hearing loss on both individuals and society.ObjectivesTo explore the association of socioeconomic status (SES) with cochlear implant candidacy and the decision to undergo cochlear implantation.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study was performed in a tertiary academic center. All adult patients evaluated for cochlear implant candidacy from January 1, 1999, through December 31, 2022, were included in the analysis.ExposuresHousehold income quintile and rural or urban residence were used as proxies for SES based on zip code linkage to US Census and US Department of Agriculture data.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOdds of cochlear implant candidacy and surgery.ResultsA total of 754 individuals underwent candidacy evaluations and were included in the analysis (386 [51.2%] women; mean [SD] age, 64.0 [15.7] years). Of these, 693 (91.9%) were cochlear implant candidates, and 623 candidates (89.9%) underwent cochlear implantation. Multivariable analyses demonstrated that individuals in the highest income quintile had lower odds of cochlear implant candidacy compared with those in the lowest income quintile (odds ratio [OR], 0.26 [95% CI, 0.08-0.91]), and candidates in the highest income quintile had greater odds of undergoing cochlear implant surgery compared with those in the lowest quintile (OR, 2.59 [95% CI, 1.14-5.86]). Living in a small town or a micropolitan or rural area was associated with lower odds of undergoing cochlear implant surgery compared with living in a metropolitan core (OR, 0.18 [95% CI, 0.04-0.83]) after controlling for distance to the primary implant center.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this cohort study suggest that individuals with higher SES are less likely to qualify for a cochlear implant; however, those who qualify are more likely to undergo surgery compared with those with lower SES. These findings highlight a hearing health care disparity that should be addressed through further studies to guide population-based initiatives.
Otolaryngology and the Pregnant Patient
Authors: Lawlor Claire M. , Graham M. Elise , Owen Lynsey C. , Tracy Lauren F. 
Published: August 2023

ImportancePregnancy may result in physiologic and pathologic changes in the head and neck. Otolaryngologists may need to intervene medically or surgically with pregnant patients. Careful consideration of risks to both the gravid patient and the developing fetus is vital.ObservationsPatients may present with otolaryngologic complaints exacerbated by or simply occurring during their pregnancy. Symptoms of hearing loss, vertigo, rhinitis or rhinosinusitis, epistaxis, obstructive sleep apnea, sialorrhea, voice changes, reflux, subglottic stenosis, and benign and malignant tumors of the head and neck may prompt evaluation. While conservative measures are often best, there are medications that are safe for use during pregnancy. When required, surgery for the gravid patient requires a multidisciplinary approach.Conclusions and RelevanceOtolaryngologic manifestations in pregnant patients may be managed safely with conservative treatment, medication, and surgery when necessary. Treatment should include consideration of both the pregnant patient and the developing fetus.
The role of m6A‐modified CircEPHB4 in glioma pathogenesis: Insights into cancer stemness metastasis
Authors: Liao Yuxiang , Qiu Xiaohui , Liu Jingping , Zhang Zhiping , Liu Bo , Jin Chen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveWhile existing literature has provided insights into involvement of circEPHB4, SOX2 in glioma, their precise molecular mechanisms and synergistic implications in glioma pathogenesis still dim. This study aims to investigate significance and underlying mechanism of m6A‐modified circEPHB4 in regulating SOX2/PHLDB2 axis in gliomas.MethodsThe mRNA and protein expression were tested by qRT‐PCR and Western blot, respectively. ChIP assay was performed to detect SOX2 enrichment on the PHLDB2 promoter. Cell sphere‐forming assay to detect self‐renewal ability, flow cytometry to determine positivity of CD133 expressions, Malignant behavior of glioma cells were detected by CCK‐8, plate colony formation, scratch, and transwell assays. Glioma xenograft models were constructed to investigate effects of CircEPHB4 in tumor development in vivo.ResultsMethyltransferase MELLT3 upregulated m6A modification of CircEPHB4, and YTHDC1 promoted cytoplasmic localization of m6A‐modified CircEPHB4. Overexpression of wild‐type CircEPHB4 enhanced glioma cells' stemness, metastasis, and proliferation. Cytoplasmic CircEPHB4 increased SOX2 mRNA stability by binding to IGF2BP2, and the effects observed by SOX2 knockdown were reversed by CircEPHB4 in glioma cells. SOX2 promoted transcriptional expression of PHLDB2 by enriching the PHLDB2 promoter region. SOX2 reversed the inhibition of PHLDB2 knockdown on stemness of glioma, cell proliferation, and metastasis. In vivo experiments also revealed that CircEPHB4 upregulated PHLDB2 expression by stabilizing SOX2 mRNA, which promoted in vivo tumor growth and accelerated stemness of glioma cells and metastasis.ConclusionThis study reveals functional interaction and molecular mechanisms of m6A‐modified circEPHB4 in regulating SOX2/PHLDB2 axis, highlighting their importance in glioma pathogenesis and potential as therapeutic targets.
Fast finite‐time adaptive tracking control for non‐strict feedback stochastic nonlinear systems with full state constraints
Authors: Zhao Haina , Zhao Junsheng , Sun Zong‐Yao , Zhao Xuejing 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThis article focuses on the fast finite‐time adaptive tracking control for non‐strict feedback stochastic nonlinear systems. Random disturbances with constraints have rarely been considered in previous studies of fast finite‐time stabilization problems. The corresponding extension of the adaptive fast finite‐time stabilization mechanism to stochastic nonlinear systems with full‐state constraints is one of the innovations of this article. First, neural networks and barrier Lyapunov functions are utilized to handle the problems arising from the unknown nonlinear terms and the state constraints, respectively. Second, an adaptive fast finite‐time tracking control scheme for stochastic systems is designed based on the backstepping technique and a fast finite‐time control strategy, which allows all signals of the closed‐loop system to be bounded. Meanwhile, the designed controller guarantees a fast convergence of the tracking error to a small neighborhood of the origin under full‐state constraints. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method.
Exploring the Physical Origin of the Negative Capacitance Effect in a Metal–Ferroelectric–Metal–Dielectric Structure
Authors: Park Hyeon Woo , Byun Seungyong , Kim Kyung Do , Ryoo Seung Kyu , Lee In Soo , Lee Yong Bin , Lee Suk Hyun , Nam Hyun Woo , Lee Jae Hoon , Song Jae Hee , Shin Sung Jae , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe ferroelectric negative capacitance (NC) draws a great deal of attention for low‐power negative capacitance field‐effect transistors (NCFET) and NC capacitors. The fabrication of steep‐slope FET (subthreshold swing < 60mVdec−1) is reported, followed by modeling approaches. While the device fabrication favors a ferroelectric gate structure without interlayer metal, many NCFET models adopt interlayer metal between the ferroelectric layer and metal–insulator–semiconductor structure. The metal interlayer averages out spatial variation in the ferroelectric polarization, enabling a compact charge‐based relation between the layers. In addition, the approach assumes that the NC effect emerges from the ferroelectric layer regardless of the metal interlayer, which is not necessarily probable. This work reinvestigates the possible NC effect in ferroelectric–dielectric capacitors connected by a metal interlayer. The experiment confirms that the NC effect in the metal–ferroelectric–dielectric–metal structure does not appear in the metal–ferroelectric–metal–dielectric–metal structure. These results are inconsistent with the multidomain‐1D Landau–Ginzburg‐Devonshire model. In contrast, the suppression of the NC effect in the structure is fully explained by the advanced inhomogeneous stray‐field energy model, which simulates the dynamic evolution of polarization and screening charges. Therefore, an NCFET with a metal interlayer is impractical.
Tuning the Surface Properties of CuO Films Using the Precursor Aging Approach for Enhanced Photoelectrocatalytic Reactions
Authors: Kyesmen Pannan I. , Nombona Nolwazi , Diale Mmantsae 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe surface properties of semiconductors have a significant influence on their photoelectrocatalytic efficiency. This research presents a precursor aging method for tuning the surface properties of CuO films, for enhanced catalytic response. A precursor solution made using copper acetate, polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400, and diethanolamine, and aged for 1, 40, 80, 120, 150, 180, and 250 days is used in each case to fabricate CuO photocathodes via the dip‐coating method. The films fabricated using the 1‐day‐old precursor reveal compact and homogeneous nanoparticles. The films eventually get tuned to yield highly porous and rougher surfaces after aging the precursors for 180–250 days. The film's bandgap decreases by 9% after 180–250 days of precursor aging. Photocathodes prepared using the 180‐day‐old precursor produce the optimum photocurrent density of 1.6 mA cm−2 at 0.35 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), representing a 196% increase relative to the films fabricated using the 1‐day‐old solution. They also produce an anodic onset potential shift of 260 mV. This improved photoelectrocatalytic response is due to the porous morphology of the films, which produces a larger surface area that enhances light absorption, increases active sites for catalytic reactions, and reduces charge transfer resistance at the photocathode‐electrolyte interface.
Mixed‐Halide Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Yang Ming , Wang Huaxin , Cai Wensi , Zang Zhigang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, mixed‐halide inorganic CsPbI3−xBrx perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have had a rapid advancement, which offers balanced efficiency, stability, tunable bandgap, and potential for indoor photovoltaic applications. Despite these advantages, significant challenges remain in the phase segregation phenomena, trap state density, and absorption range limitations. This review presents an analysis of the crystal and electronic structure and optical properties of CsPbI3−xBrx, as well as an in‐depth look at high‐quality CsPbI3−xBrx film preparation, phase segregation inhibition potential solutions, and interface engineering, highlighting the critical role of interface modification in the performance of CsPbI3−xBrx PSCs. Furthermore, how CsPbI3−xBrx PSCs can be strong candidates for indoor photovoltaics because of their adjustable bandgap that enables them to better match the absorption range and notable strength stability is discussed. Finally, the review provides perspectives to address the development bottlenecks and inspires future research prospects concerning CsPbI3−xBrx PSCs.
The UV–vis‐NIR Broadband Ultrafast Flexible Sn‐Pb Perovskite Photodetector for Multispectral Imaging to Distinguish Substance and Foreign‐Body in Biological Tissues
Authors: Li Wanjun , Chen Jiayu , Lin Hui , Zhou Sitong , Yan Genghua , Zhao Zhijuan , Zhao Chuanxi , Mai Wenjie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMultispectral imaging plays an important role in many applications such as color recognition, substance distinction, and medical therapy. Although multicolor detection has been demonstrated in lead‐based perovskites, the limited near‐infrared responsivity and slow response impede their applications for identifying the substance. Herein, narrow bandgap highly stable Cs0.05MA0.45FA0.5Sn0.5Pb0.5I3 (Sn‐Pb) perovskite films with excellent crystallinity and selective growth orientation are realized by the synergy of a Sn‐Pb mixing method and electronegativity balance. The Sn‐Pb perovskite photodetector shows a broadband response from 350 to 1000 nm and high‐performance near‐infrared (NIR) detection with a fast response of 2.0 µs and excellent responsivity of 0.29 A W−1. Furthermore, flexible Sn‐Pb perovskite devices without any encapsulation in the air continuously exhibit fast response after 3000 bending cycles. In addition, the Sn‐Pb perovskite diffuse reflection imaging system is demonstrated for multispectral imaging and substance distinction. Meanwhile, foreign‐body identification in biological tissues by NIR imaging of Sn‐Pb perovskite photodetectors is further demonstrated, proving narrow bandgap mixed perovskite photodetectors an attractive candidate for biomedical imaging.
Electrochemically‐Driven Organocatalytic Enantioselective Oxidative Coupling of Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Acrylaldehyde
Authors: Zhang Qi‐Ying , Li Lu‐Xin , Wang Song‐Lin , Ma Jing , Guo Hai‐Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn electrochemically‐driven organocatalytic enantioselective oxidative coupling of tetrahydroisoquinolines and acrylaldehyde was developed. Various chiral C1‐alkenyl tetrahydroisoquinolines derivatives were obtained with 69–86% yields and 93:7–96:4 er. Notable features of this reaction include asymmetric organocatalysis (5.0 mol% β‐ICD as catalyst), electricity as the oxidant, air atmosphere, and undivided cell. This synthetic route offers access to various optically active C1‐substituted tetrahydroisoquinolines derivatives.