bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil macrofauna under laying hens’ grazed fields in two different agroecosystems in Portugal
Authors: Soares Pedro R. , Guilherme Rosa , Conceição Antónia , Galhano Cristina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough chickens can improve the chemical properties of soil through the deposition of excreta, their effects on soil macrofauna are poorly known. This work assessed the effects of grazing indigenous laying hens on soil macrofauna of two agroecosystems in Portugal: an organic horticultural field and a conventional orchard. At the horticultural field, laying hens were used to control weeds and the results were compared with those of two other weed control treatments: mechanical (rototiller) and thermal (flame weeding). At the orchard, the effects of hens were compared to that of the orchard understory vegetation, as a control. Soil epigeic macrofauna was collected in both locations, and earthworms were only collected in the horticultural field. Relative to the other treatments, grazing in the horticultural field increased the density of earthworms in the medium term (ranging from 150 to 625 earthworms/m2), without harming the density and diversity of epigeic macrofauna. However, at the orchard, the grazed soils presented lower soil epigeic macrofauna diversity, as well as significantly lower density of spiders than the control (4.67 vs 8.67 individuals/sample, respectively). These results suggest that the grazing effects can be affected by several factors, including the type of agroecosystem and farm management. Further research is required to optimize grazing management in different farming systems, considering animal density and grazing duration, thus ensuring the best contributions of chickens to soil fertility.
Performance of Cement–Fly Ash Masonry Mortar with Sand from Mine Overburden as an Environment-Friendly Alternative to Conventional Fine Aggregate
Authors: A. S. Menaka , R. G. Robinson , K. Ramamurthy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
There is an increasing demand for fine aggregate for use in concrete and mortar. In this study, sand extracted from mine overburden from two locations through the wet-sieving process was used as alternative fine aggregate in mortar. The behavior has been benchmarked with mortar using conventional river sand and coarse and fine sand obtained from crushed stone. Combination mortar with ordinary portland cement and Class C fly ash was used as a binder. The sand-to-binder ratio was fixed as 3, as per ASTM C270-19ae1, Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry, whereas the fly ash–to–cement ratio was varied from 0.75 to 3. The water required to achieve a constant flow value of 110 ± 5 % was determined. The water retention of fresh mortar and dry density, compressive strength, and drying shrinkage of hardened mortar were determined. Mortar mixtures with sand from mine overburden with a fineness modulus of 2.36 conformed to the water retention requirement of ASTM C91/C91M-18, Standard Specification for Masonry Cement, whereas very fine sand did not satisfy. Masonry mortar with different mixture proportions and fineness modulus of fine aggregate resulted in a range of compressive strengths, satisfying a wide range of mortar designations as per ASTM C270-19ae1, BS EN 998-2, Specification for Mortar for Masonry - Part 2, and IS 2250, Code of Practice for Preparation and Use of Masonry Mortars. For mortar with a fine aggregate of different origins (river sand, crushed stone coarse sand, sand from overburden with fineness modulus 2.67, 3.01, and 2.36, respectively), a marginal variation in drying shrinkage across strength was observed. The maximum drying shrinkage of the higher fly ash–to–cement ratio of the mixture with finer sand was 1,600 microstrain.
Food Habits of Five Fish Species from A Blackwater Creek in The Colombian Amazon
Authors: Prieto Piraquive Edgar Francisco , Taphorn Donald , Sabogal Alexander , Duque Santiago Roberto , Damaso Yoni Jesús 
Published: March 2023

To provide baseline life history information for some of the many small fishes found in blackwater forest streams in the Colombian Amazon near the town of Leticia, we describe trophic aspects of five species of fishes. Collections were made in April (high water), July (falling water) and November (rising water) of 1999. Diverse fishing gear was used, and sampling occurred in the afternoon and night, and usually lasted an average of five hours. We studied stomach contents of four characids: Ctenobrycon hauxwellianus (Cope 1870), Moenkhausia melogramma Eigenmann 1908, Tetragonopterus argenteus Cuvier 1816, Hemigrammus bellottii (Steindachner 1882) and one cichlid: Bujurquina cf. peregrinabunda (Eigenmann 1922). Most are feeding generalists but M. melogramma had a great preference for aquatic invertebrates, and B. cf. peregrinabunda ate both aquatic invertebrates and fishes.
EVALUATION OF POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS AND β-GLUCAN CONTAINING DIET ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND CONDITION FACTOR OF PABDAH CATFISH, OMPOK PABDA (HAMILTON, 1822)
Authors: Hossain Md. Sadam , Moniruzzaman Mohammad , Rahman Mohammad Matiur , Hossain Zakir 
Published: March 2023

Nutritionally balanced diet and selection of appropriate species for culturing environment are important criteria in aquaculture. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and β-glucan containing diet (PBG) on growth performance, feed utilization, length-weight relationship, and condition factor of Pabdah catfish, Ompok pabda. In this study, squid extracted phospholipid and mushroom powder were used as the source of PUFAs and β-glucan, respectively, and formulated two isonitrogenous diets such as basal or control (CON) diet and PBG diet with maintaining 30% protein levels. During the study period, similar physicochemical conditions of water such as temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were 26.5 ± 2 °C, 7.4 ± 0.2, and 6.7 ± 0.5 ppm, respectively were maintained in each cistern. The results showed that final mean body weight, final mean length gain, food conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion efficiency (%), hepato somatic index (HSI), kidney index (KI), and viscerosomatic index (VSI) were significantly (P<0.01 and P<0.05) higher in fish fed the PBG diet than that of fish fed the CON diet. The coefficient of determination showed a significant relationship (R2 = 0.956) between the length and weight of the treatment group. The length-weight relationship and relative condition factor (K) of Ompok pabda were significantly (P<0.05) affected by the PBG diet. The present study shows that the experimental diet more effective and achieves better growth performance, feed utilization, length-weight relationship, and condition factor of Ompok pabda.
Accuracy of GFR Estimating Equations in Patients with Discordances between Creatinine and Cystatin C-Based Estimations
Authors: Fu Edouard L. , Levey Andrew S. , Coresh Josef , Elinder Carl-Gustaf , Rotmans Joris I. , Dekker Friedo W. , Paik Julie M. , Barany Peter , Grams Morgan E. , Inker Lesley A. , Carrero Juan-Jesus 
Published: March 2023

Significance Statement
Large discordances between eGFR on the basis of creatinine (eGFRcr) or cystatin C (eGFRcys) are common in clinical practice. However, which GFR estimating equation (eGFRcr, eGFRcys, or eGFRcr-cys) is most accurate in these settings is not known. In this real-world study of 9404 concurrent measurements of creatinine, cystatin C, and iohexol clearance, all three equations performed similarly when eGFRcr and eGFRcys were similar (45% of cases). However, with large discordances (55% of cases), eGFRcr-cys was much more accurate than either alone. These findings were consistent among individuals with cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and cancer who have been underrepresented in research cohorts. Thus, when eGFRcr and eGFRcys are largely discordant in clinical practice, eGFRcr-cys is more accurate than eGFRcr or eGFRcys.

Background
Cystatin C is recommended as a confirmatory test to eGFR when more precise estimates are needed for clinical decision making. Although eGFR on the basis of both creatinine and cystatin (eGFRcr-cys) is the most accurate estimate in research studies, it is uncertain whether this is true in real-world settings, particularly when there are large discordances between eGFR based on creatinine (eGFRcr) and that based on cystatin C (eGFRcys)

Methods
We included 6185 adults referred for measured GFR (mGFR) using plasma clearance of iohexol in Stockholm, Sweden, who had 9404 concurrent measurements of creatinine, cystatin C, and iohexol clearance. The performance of eGFRcr, eGFRcys, and eGFRcr-cys was assessed against mGFR with median bias, P
30, and correct classification of GFR categories. We stratified analyses within three categories: eGFRcys at least 20% lower than eGFRcr (eGFRcys<eGFRcr), eGFRcys within 20% of eGFRcr (eGFRcys≈eGFRcr), and eGFRcys at least 20% higher than eGFRcr (eGFRcys>eGFRcr).

Results
eGFRcr and eGFRcys were similar in 4226 (45%) samples, and among these samples all three estimating equations performed similarly. By contrast, eGFRcr-cys was much more accurate in cases of discordance. For example, when eGFRcys<eGFRcr (47% of samples), the median biases were 15.0 (overestimation), −8.5 (underestimation), and 0.8 ml/min per 1.73 m2 for eGFRcr, eGFRcys, and eGFRcr-cys, respectively; P
30 was 50%, 73%, and 84%, respectively; and correct classification was 38%, 45%, and 62%, respectively. When eGFRcys>eGFRcr (8% of samples), the median biases were −4.5, 8.4, and 1.4 ml/min per 1.73m2. The findings were consistent among individuals with cardiovascular disease, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, and cancer.

Conclusions
When eGFRcr and eGFRcys are highly discordant in clinical practice, eGFRcr-cys is more accurate than either eGFRcr or eGFRcys.
Validation into Spanish of a Scale to Detect the Post-intensive Care Syndrome
Authors: Narváez Martínez Mario Andrés , Henao Castaño Ángela María 
Published: March 2023

Objective. This work sought to validate the Spanish version of the scale Healthy Aging Brain-Care Monitor (HABC-M) scale as clinical tool to detect the Post-intensive Care Syndrome.
Methods. Psychometric study, conducted in adult intensive care units from two high-complexity university hospitals in Colombia. The sample was integrated by 135 survivors of critical diseases with mean age of 55 years. The translation of the HABC-M was carried out through transcultural adaptation, evaluating content, face, and construct validity and determining the scale’s reliability.
Results. A replica was obtained of the HABC-M scale in its version into Spanish, semantically and conceptually equivalent to the original version. The construct was determined through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), evidencing a three-factor model comprised of the subscales: cognitive (6 items), functional (11 items), and psychological (10 items), with a confirmatory factor index (CFI) of 0.99, a Tucker Lewis index (TLI) of 0.98, and an approximate root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.073 (90% CI: 0.063 – 0.084). Internal consistency was determined through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, obtaining 0.94, (95% CI 0.93 – 0.96).
Conclusion. The Spanish of the HABC-M scale is a tool with adequate psychometric properties, validated and reliable to detect the Post-intensive Care Syndrome.
Prospects of etiopathogenetic treatment of Huntington’s disease
Authors: Kondakova O. B. , Demyanov S. V. , Krasivskaya A. V. , Demyanov G. V. , Grebenkin D. I. , Davydova Yu. I. , Lyalina A. A. , Radkevich E. R. , Savostyanov K. V. 
Published: March 2023

Huntington’s disease is a serious inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by of motor, cognitive and psychiatric features. The disease is caused by an abnormally expanded CAG repeat expansion in the HTT gene and the production of mutant huntingtin protein.The disease usually manifests in adulthood, but the manifestation in childhood and youth is also described, which is noted in 5–10 % of cases. The disease predominantly affects the neostriatum, resulting in a characteristic clinical picture.The most promising approaches to etiotropic therapy of Huntington’s disease are a number of DNA- (CRISPR/Cas9 system) and RNA-directed methods (antisense oligonucleotides, RNA interference), methods that directly reduce the level of mutant gentingtin (chimera molecules), as well as approaches based on inactivating the DNA mismatch repair system using the FAN1 enzyme.
”Theirs was not to make reply, Theirs was not to reason why.”
Authors: Hoogland Margaret 
Published: March 2023

Background: In 1974, the United States passed the Research Act, which required creating and implementing guidelines for conducting research on humans and animals. In 1978, universities and hospitals created Institutional Review Boards for reviewing and approving research protocols in the United States.

Objectives: This article will define and explain the components of a research protocol, research team member roles and responsibilities, pre-protocol submission training requirements, and provide suggestions for improving how researchers obtain research approval.

Lessons Learned: The author failed to provide all the required information before collecting Informed Consent to prospective participants for four different study protocols.

Conclusions: Obtaining research approval is necessary for most study designs. It is a complex and frequently tedious process, but obtaining approval gives research studies greater credibility.
Beyond the Conference: Health Sciences Librarians’ Motivations for Publishing
Authors: Hinrichs Rachel J. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Previous studies have found that only 21.8% to 28% of abstracts presented at the annual Medical Library Association (MLA) conferences are later published as journal articles. What motivates health sciences librarians to take the next step in publishing and disseminating their work? This study will answer the following questions: 1) Are librarians presenting at MLA conferences more motivated to publish due to internal motivational factors (e.g., “to build a professional reputation for myself”), external motivational factors (e.g., “I am expected to participate in research for my job”), or a mix of both? 2) Do motivations for publication differ between academic and hospital librarians? 3) Do motivations for publication differ between those who published in peer-reviewed journals and those who published in other venues?
Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the team surveyed first authors of abstracts presented at the MLA conferences in 2012 and 2014 to determine if they later published their work in any full-text format. If they did publish, the team asked authors where their work was published and the primary and secondary reasons for pursuing publication. The reasons for publication included internal and external motivational factors identified from the library science literature. Chi-square tests were used to assess differences in motivation.
Results: One hundred and sixty one authors responded to the survey, and of these, 49 authors reported that they had published their abstract(s). Fifty-one percent (n=25) of respondents selected only internal motivational factors, 18.4% (n=9) selected only external motivational factors, and 30.6% (n=15) reported a mix of both. The author found no statistically significant differences between hospital and academic librarians, or those who published in peer-reviewed journals versus other venues.
Discussion: Findings indicate that librarians who chose to publish their work after presenting at annual MLA conferences are primarily motivated to publish due to internal factors. Interventions designed to encourage MLA presenters to publish their work should consider ways to cultivate presenters’ internal motivation.
KONSEP PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM AL-QURAN DAN HADIS
Authors: Suriadi Suriadi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: Indonesia is experiencing a crisis of faith and morality. This led to the emergence of other crises. Including a leadership crisis. This crisis has become a trigger for damage in various fields experienced by the Indonesian people. Among the causes of this crisis of faith and morality is the lack of a good understanding of Islamic teachings, the lack of ability to understand the Al-Quran. This holy book should be used as a guide for life, it is not enough just to read it. It requires a good and correct understanding of the reading text of the Al-Quran, so that it can understand the messages it contains. Without sufficient understanding of the text of the Al-Quran that is read, it is impossible for the Al-Quran to be used as a guide for life. Through this study, it can be understood that there is a strong correlation between the routine of reading the Al-Quran and the ability to understand its contents, so that character education to deal with crises experienced by the nation can run well. Therefore, both must be done simultaneously.Keywords: Character Education; Al-Quran; Hadist. Abstrak: Indonesia mengalami krisis akidah dan krisis akhlak. Hal ini menyebabkan kemunculan krisis-krisis lainnya. Termasuk juga krisis kepemimpinan. Krisi ini menjadi pemicu kerusakan di berbagai bidang yang dialami oleh bangsa Indonesia. Di antara penyebab terjadinya krisis akidah dan akhlak ini adalah kurangnya pemahaman yang baik terhadap ajaran Islam, minimnya kemampuan memahami Al-Quran. Kitab suci ini seharusnya dijadikan sebagai pedoman hidup, tidak cukup hanya dibaca saja. Diperlukan pemahaman yang baik dan benar terhadap teks bacaan Al-Quran, sehingga dapat memahami pesan-pesan yang dikandungnya. Tanpa pemahaman yang cukup terhadap teks Al-Quran yang dibaca, maka tidak mungkin Al-Quran tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman hidup. Melalui kajian ini, maka dapat dipahami bahwa terdapat korelasi yang kuat antara rutinitas membaca Al-Quran dengan kemampuan memahami kandungannya, sehingga pendidikan karakter untuk menaggulangi krisis-krisis yang dialami oleh bangsa dapat berjalan dengan baik. Oleh karena itu, keduanya harus dilakukan secara beriringan.Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Karakter; Al-Quran; Hadis.
ASPEK-ASPEK KEBIASAAN EDUKATIF YANG DITANAMKAN ORANGTUA BERPROFESI SEBAGAI GURU DALAM MEMBINA PERILAKU SOSIAL ANAK DI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Jannah Raudatul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The family is the main foundation for cultivating and strengthening educational values. The best education can be realized through a family built on the principles of the Koran. The rapid pace of modern currents has more or less threatened the world of education and resulted in the erosion of the morale of the nation's generation. The busyness of working parents which often leads to forgetting essential responsibilities is fatal to the child's life in the future. This research is field research. Data collection is carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study show that each parent has different strategies and steps in educating their children. However, parents have the same goal of realizing the best education for their children. From this research, various educational habits will be seen instilled by parents who work as teachers so that they can realize the best education for children's lives in society even though faced with various busy schedules, and time with children which tends to be limited.Keywords: Islamic Family Education; Parents are teachers by profession, children's social behavior.Abstrak: Keluarga merupakan pondasi utama dalam penanaman dan penguatan nilai-nilai pendidikan. Pendidikan terbaik dapat terwujud melalui keluarga yang dibangun atas prinsip Alquran. Pesatnya arus modern sedikit banyak telah mengancam dunia pendidikan dan berakibat pada tergerusnya moral generasi bangsa. Kesibukan orang tua bekerja yang seringkali menyebabkan lupa dengan tanggung jawab hakiki berakibat fatal terhadap kehidupan anak di masa mendatang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan obsevasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa setiap orang tua memiliki strategi dan langkah yang berbeda dalam mendidik anak-anaknya. Akan tetapi, pada dasarnya orang tua memiliki tujuan yang sama demi mewujudkan pendidikan terbaik bagi anak-anaknya. Dari penelitian ini akan dilihat berbagai kebiasaan edukatif yang ditanamkan orang tua yang berprofesi sebagai guru sehingga dapat mewujudkan pendidikan terbaik untuk kehidupan anak di masyarakat meski dihadapkan dengan berbagai kesibukan, padatnya jadwal, serta waktu bersama anak yang cenderung terbatas.Keywords: Pendidikan Keluarga Islam, Orang Tua Berprofesi Guru, Perilaku Sosial Anak.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Mengingat 20 Sifat Wajib Allah dan Artinya dengan Media Lagu pada Siswa Kelas 2C MI Sullamul Ulum
Authors: Aulia Andi Nafsia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract: This study aims to improve student learning outcomes in remembering the 20 mandatory attributes of Allah and their meanings by using the media song.This research is a Classroom Action Research conducted in class IIC MI Sullamul Ulum Samarinda. This research was carried out in two cycles, each cycle consisting of the planning stage, the action implementation stage, the observation stage, and the reflection stage. The instrument used consisted of teacher and student observation sheets. The test data were analyzed by using the average value and the percentage of learning completeness classically. Based on the results of the data that has been achieved, the cycle has increased learning improvements where in the pre-cycle 16%, in the first cycle to 32%, the second cycle increased by 88%. get a score of 7 and above reaching 85%. So it can be concluded that through the media song can make it easier for students to remember the 20 mandatory attributes of Allah and their meanings.Keywords: Mandatory Attributes of Allah; Learning Outcomes; Remembering; Media Song.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam mengingat 20 sifat wajib Allah beserta artinya dengan menggunakan media lagu. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas yang dilakukan di kelas IIC MI Sullamul Ulum Samarinda, yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, tahap pelaksanaan tindakan, tahap observasi, dan tahap refleksi. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari lembar observasi guru dan siswa. Data tes dianalisis dengan menggunakan nilai rata-rata dan persentase ketuntasan belajar secara klasikal. Berdasarkan hasil data yang telah dicapai, siklus mengalami peningkatan peningkatan pembelajaran dimana pada pra siklus 16%, pada siklus I menjadi 32%, pada siklus II meningkat menjadi 88% mendapatkan skor 7 ke atas mencapai 85%. Dengan demikian penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa melalui media lagu dapat memudahkan siswa dalam mengingat 20 sifat wajib Allah beserta artinya.Kata Kunci: Sifat-sifat Wajib Allah; Hasil belajar; Menghapal; Media Lagu.
Estimación del tipo de cambio real multilateral de equilibrio para la Argentina mediante modelos uniecuacionales, 1970-2001
Authors: Lanteri Luis 
Published: March 2023

Este trabajo emplea una propuesta econométrica uniecuacional, basada en el trabajo de Baffes, Elbadawi y O'Connell (1999), destinada a cuantificar el grado de desali- neamiento entre el tipo de cambio real multilateral observado y el nivel estimado de equilibrio de largo plazo, para el caso argentino. Para tal efecto, se utilizan datos anuales del tipo de cambio real multilateral y de varias variables macroeconómicas fundamentales, que cubren el periodo 1970-2001. La propuesta econométrica em- pleada resulta una metodología alternativa frente a la mayoría de las estimaciones recientes del tipo de cambio real de equilibrio, que se basan en modelos de correc- ción de errores vectoriales (VEC) en la tradición de Johansen (1988). Los resultados de las estimaciones muestran que, hacia fines del 2001, el tipo de cambio real multilateral de la Argentina se encontraba apreciado, respecto de su valor de equilibrio, entre un 30% y un 45%, segun se empleen los precios al por mayor o al consumidor, respectivamente, en el numerador del tipo de cambio real multilateral.