bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Simulation of Solitary Wave Power Absorption by Rotating Slotted Flappers using Incompressible SPH Method
Authors: Heydari Zohreh , Shobeyri Gholamreza 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, the incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) as a mature enough mesh-less method is applied to simulate the oscillatory motion of different slotted rotating flappers at the end of a numerical tank under the hydrodynamic load of a solitary wave. The solitary wave can be considered a simple model of ocean waves with long-lasting source of eco-friendly and renewable energy. Many engineering devices such as rotating flappers have been proposed and designed to capture this energy. On the other hand, these structures can also be applied to withstand destructive waves for example Tsunami waves with huge potential to cause severe damage to coastal structures and loss of life in shore regions. This study investigates the performance of a number of 2-D rotating bottom-hinged flappers slotted with different patterns representing a new conceptual model of a wave energy absorber device capable of protecting coastal structures. With providing structural facilities, various slotting patterns can be arranged for a single flapper to have appropriate performance for different wave conditions with the lowest construction cost. Based on the obtained numerical results, it has been found that the spring stiffness of the flapper has the most important physical parameter determining the amount of wave power extraction. In addition to this, the spring friction also has a significant effect on the dissipation of the absorbed power. The slotted flappers also show different rotational motion with less captured power in comparison with the solid flapper. Several physical properties such as the slotted area provided in the flapper and the corresponding pattern, the spring stiffness and friction and other related properties must be determined to protect desired structures at the predefined level and capture maximum energy as much as possible. The findings of this research can be used as a preliminary guide to design more realistic 3-D protective flappers for complex flow conditions.
Decreased serum 4-Hydroxynonenal level as a biomarker for the progression of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Xiao Fangjun , Wei Tengfei , Tian Jiaqing , Peng Peng , Wei Yurou , Fang Weihua , Xiao Huan , He Mincong , He Wei , Wei Qiushi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is a common marker of oxidative stress. this study aim to study the potential role of 4-HNE in the progression of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SIONFH).
Method: Between April 2021 and December 2021, 64 subjects were enrolled in this cross-sectional case-control study. 36 patients were grouped based on the Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) classification. Bone HE staining, micro-ct, immunohistochemistry, and level of plasma 4-HNE were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry presented that 4-HNE was detected in the trabecular bone, osteocytes, and bone marrow.
Results: Plasma 4-HNE levels were significantly higher in SIONFH patients in the early stage of disease stages (Stage II) , and the 4-HNE level was higher in the SIONFH group than those in the normal control group (P<0.001). The 4-HNE level was negatively associated with ARCO stages (r =- 0.6875, P<0.001).
Conclusion:The level of 4-HNE is negatively associated with ARCO stages. The reduced 4-HNE may be a critical biomarker of the progression of SIONFH.
A patient survey indicates quality of life and progression-free survival as equally important outcome measures in multiple myeloma clinical trials
Authors: Fleischer Anna , Zapf Larissa , Allgaier Johannes , Jordan Karin , Gelbrich Götz , Pryss Rüdiger , Schobel Johannes , Bittrich Max , Einsele Hermann , Kortüm Martin , Maatouk Imad , Weinhold Niels , Rasche Leo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the trade-off between survival outcome and quality of life (QoL) in Multiple Myeloma (MM).
Methods
We developed a questionnaire that asked patients amongst others, whether they would choose a shortened time of progression-free survival (PFS) in favor of an increased QoL
Results
Of 194 MM patients who answered this question, 81 (42%) subjects were willing to accept a shorter PFS for better QoL. On the other hand, 92 (47%) preferred a longer PFS at the cost of reduced QoL. Twenty-one patients (11%) indicated to be undecided. Specific features were associated with the two main groups (“in favor QoL” vs “in favor PFS”). Patients who belonged to the “in favor QoL”-group tended to be in more advanced treatment lines when compared to the “in favor PFS-group” (P = 0.0001). Patients who preferred PFS were found to generally be more likely to hand over responsibility to their physicians (P = 0.01). No associations were found for other disease specific conditions including pain, gastrointestinal symptoms, fatigue or infection.
Conclusion
The results of our study highlight significant differences in patients’ preferences, thus underlining the importance of assessing individual patient needs in determining the endpoints of further research.
Machine Learning-Based Privacy Policy Analysis and Visualization for GDPR Compliance
Authors: Ingole Chetan Umesh , Bandela Manav , Tanna Dev N , Solanki Saurav Kumar , Dhotre Prashant , Patil Rajkumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Concerns about online privacy have become more prevalent as a result of the quick spread of internet services. However, customers are frequently presented with lengthy and complicated privacy policy documentation offered by service providers, which prevents them from reading and understanding these policies. In order to overcome this difficulty, this paper suggests a machine learning-based solution that makes it easier to comprehend privacy policies. To develop our method, we sincerely examined the privacy policies of the top 100 Indian-accessible internet services. Whenever a user visits a website, our tool automatically evaluates it and determines if the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)'s data protection guidelines are being followed. Users may use these ratings to determine if a certain privacy policy is in compliance with privacy-abiding practices or not. This approach seeks to narrow the knowledge gap between users and privacy policies, promoting informed choice-making and strengthening online privacy protection.
Megahertz X-ray multi-projection imaging
Authors: Villanueva-Perez Pablo , Bellucci Valerio , Zhang Yuhe , Birnšteinová Šarlota , Graceffa Rita , Adriano Luigi , Asimakopoulu Eleni Myrto , Petrov Ilia , Yao Zisheng , Romagnoni Marco , Mazzolari Andrea , Letrun Romain , Kim Chan , Koliyadu Jayanath , Deiter Carsten , Bean Richard , Giovanetti Gabriele , Gellisio Luca , Ritschel Tobias , Mancuso Adrian , Chapman Henry , Meents Alke , Sato Tokushi , Vagovic Patrik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
X-ray time-resolved tomography is one of the most popular X-ray techniques to probe dynamics in three dimensions (3D). Recent developments in time-resolved tomography opened the possibility of recording kilohertz-rate 3D movies. However, tomography requires rotating the sample with respect to the X-ray beam, which prevents characterization of faster structural dynamics. Here, we present megahertz (MHz) X-ray multi-projection imaging (MHz-XMPI), a technique capable of recording volumetric information at MHz rates and micrometer resolution without scanning the sample. We achieved this by harnessing the unique megahertz pulse structure and intensity of the European X-ray Free-electron Laser with a combination of novel detection and reconstruction approaches that do not require sample rotations. Our approach enables generating multiple X-ray probes that simultaneously record several angular projections for each pulse in the megahertz pulse burst. We provide a proof-of-concept demonstration of the MHz-XMPI technique's capability to probe 4D (3D+time) information on stochastic phenomena and non-reproducible processes three orders of magnitude faster than state-of-the-art time-resolved X-ray tomography, by generating 3D movies of binary droplet collisions. We anticipate that MHz-XMPI will enable in-situ and operando studies that were impossible before, either due to the lack of temporal resolution or because the systems were opaque (such as for MHz imaging based on optical microscopy)
Effect of symptomatic rate on spreading of COVID-19 evaluated by a flexible compartment model
Authors: Ohmori Hiroo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
For COVID-19, many of the infected individuals become symptomatic after the latent period is ended and should be isolated from the community. After the isolation period is ended, they become the recovered individuals who have immunity and return to the community. Thus, they are capable of infecting susceptible individuals only during the latent period. Some infected individuals, however, are asymptomatic through the recovery period which includes the latent period. They are infectious but not isolated. They stay in the community and continue infecting susceptible individuals through the recovery period, inducing the increase in the number of infected individuals, though they become the recovered individuals who also have immunity in the community after the recovery period is ended. The number of the ‘symptomatic and isolated’ infected individuals and/or of the ‘asymptomatic and staying’ infected individuals is controlled by the symptomatic rate. Thus, the symptomatic rate affects the number of infectious individuals continuing to infect susceptible individuals in the community. At the same time, the symptomatic rate affects the number of isolated individuals and, as a result, the number of recovered individuals and the population excluding the individuals kept in isolation. Since the contact rate between infected individuals and susceptible ones is affected with both the number of recovered individuals having returned to the community and the population excluding the individuals kept in isolation, the symptomatic rate affects the contact rate, too. Namely, the symptomatic rate affects not only the number of infectious individuals but also the contact rate. This symptomatic rate could change commonly depending on the characteristics of virus and/or on the health conditions of infected individuals. However, the symptomatic rate could be changed/decided in the middle of infection duration by political and/or medical interventions, because the symptomatic rate practically means the isolation rate, and the isolation rate and/or the number of isolated individuals could be decided by some political and/or medical interventions induced by such as the capacity of hospital care. Therefore, the evaluation of the effect of the symptomatic rate could give the reference materials for political and/or medical measures. The effects of vaccination and of the isolation by PCR test are also examined for the cases with different symptomatic rates. The results of evaluation by a flexible compartment model, which is a model including the symptomatic rate as a term in the calculation equation and being able to evaluate the effect of the isolated/recovered individuals on spreading of COVID-19, show that a little difference in the symptomatic rate causes a large difference in the number of infected individuals and in the infection duration. Vaccination and PCR test show to be effective on reduction of the number of infected individuals for the cases with any symptomatic rates.
Research to determine the best value of both Z and OVC in micro-EDM using carbon coated electrode using topsis method
Authors: Pham Dong Van 
Published: May 2023

In the machining process, it is difficult to solve problems due to the relationship between productivity and quality, for example, as the productivity increases, the quality of reprocessing may decrease. Some methods only address specific objectives, such as the quality of the machining method, the machining productivity, the quality, or even the cost. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) and micro-EDM are most commonly used for processing the surfaces of die and moulds. The amount of electrode wear in micro-EDM has a direct effect on the dimensional accuracy of the machined hole. Therefore, improving the corrosion resistance of electrodes in micro-EDM is still of great interest. The effective coating of thin film for the micro tool electrodes in the case of micro – EDM can lead to minimize the electrode wear which eventually improve the productivity and machining quality. In the present study, experiments were performed on micro – EDM using carbon coated tool electrode and optimized using Taguchi-Topsis to investigate optimum levels of Depth of cut (Z) and overcut (OVC). It was concluded that optimum conditions had improved significantly using carbon coated micro tool electrode. Optimal levels of technological parameters include V=160 V, C=10000 pF, RPM=400 rpm, and Zopt=2,525 mm, OVCopt=72,856 μmm. The quality of the machined surface with the coated electrode at optimal conditions is analyzed and evaluated. The Topsis method is a suitable solution to this problem, and the steps to perform the calculation in this technique are simple
Improving the maneuverability of vehicles by using front swivel axles with separate electric wheels
Authors: Podrigalo Mikhail , Artiomov Nikolay , Garmash Vyacheslav , Horielyshev Stanislav , Boikov Igor , Baulin Dmitro , Nakonechnyi Aleksandr , Sukonko Serhii , Gleizer Natalia , Yurieva Nataliia 
Published: May 2023

There is a need for vehicles to maneuver when there are traffic jams, to overcome narrow streets and various obstacles. This leads to increased requirements for dynamism and maneuverability of vehicles.
The authors present the results of the development and research of the steering control of the vehicle, which provides increased maneuverability. Such circumstances significantly affect the increase in maneuverability of wheeled vehicles, including tractors, for which the use of front suspension axles is possible in terms of layout. The use of a front swing axle with electric motor-wheels with separate control will increase the maneuverability of a two-axle vehicle and minimize the steering effort when turning.
When solving the task, a mathematical model of the movement of the vehicle on a turn was created. The forces in the contact of the wheels with the road surface were determined, which made it possible to determine the forces and moments of resistance to the rotation of the front axle. Rational laws of control of turning the front axle, providing minimal resistance to the movement of the vehicle, were obtained.
A vehicle turning control option is proposed, in which the wheels of the outer and inner sides are alternately braked when the vehicle enters and exits the turn. In addition, it is possible to alternately create a torque difference on the wheels of the outer and inner sides of the front axle. Using the proposed turn control options, it is possible to create a multi-axle vehicle with a rocking axle.
The materials of the article on the controllability of vehicles depending on the design of the steering and front axle are of interest to researchers, designers of mobile equipment, graduate students and students of engineering specialties
Hybrid kalman filtering algorithm with wavelet packet data processing for linear dynamical systems
Authors: Dyshin Oleg , Habibov Ibrahim , Aghammadova Sevda , Abasova Sevinc , Hasanguliyeva Matanat 
Published: May 2023

The paper develops a hybrid algorithm for predicting a linear dynamic system based on a combination of an adaptive Kalman filter with preprocessing using a wavelet packet analysis of the initial data of the background of the system under study.
Being based on Fourier analysis, wavelet analysis and wavelet packet analysis are quite acceptable for time-frequency analysis of a signal, but they cannot be performed recursively and in real time and, therefore, cannot be used for dynamic analysis of random processes. In combination with the Kalman filter, a combination of the characteristics of the multiple-resolution wavelet transform and the recurrent formulas of the Kalman filter in real time is obtained.
Since the original signal is usually given in the form of discrete measurements, to implement their convolution used in the Kalman filter, it is necessary to use cyclic convolutions with periodic continuation of the signal for any time interval. In the case of different values of the original signal at the ends of the considered time interval [0,T], the periodized signal can have large values and sharp different amplitude at the ends of the periodization interval.
To smooth out the values of the periodized signal at the ends of the periodization interval, a cascade decomposition and recovery algorithm was used using Dobshy boundary wavelets with a finite number of moments. Signal recovery is performed in a series of operations comparable to the duration of the time interval under consideration.
The smoothed signal obtained in this way is used as a Kalman filter platform for predicting the dynamic system under study.
Taking into account that the correlation functions of the noise in the observation equation and the phase state of the system are usually unknown, the adaptation of the Kalman filter to these noises (interference) is carried out on the basis of a zeroing sequence. The manuscript does not contain related data
A comparison study of the behaviors of single-phase turbulent flow at low to moderate Reynolds numbers through a vertical pipe: 3D counters analysis
Authors: Ali Amjed Ahmed , Morad Akeel M Ali , Qasim Rafi M. 
Published: May 2023

The study presented three-dimensional (3D) analysis of water's upward flowing through the vertical pipe under turbulent characteristic considerations. Both numerical constructed and improved the model of 3D for cylindrical coordinates of governing equations for incompressible turbulent flow with the Reynolds Average Navier-Stokes (RANS) model using the improved constants of the (k–ε) type. The present model is then compared with a previous study to give the feasibility of the present single-phase turbulent flow parameters. The pipe length is tested to measure how much it affected the turbulent parameters though one of the expected factors is the turbulent time scale. On the other hand, the model is numerically examined to determine the velocity profile, shear rate, and surface deformation of the water domain. While the pressure distribution, turbulent kinetic energy, and turbulent dissipation rate, these parameters are classified as the mechanic's system factors. The simulation is done with wide software used to simulate industrial is COMSOL 5.4 Multiphysics software. The results obtained increased the velocity of three inlet water velocities used ranging from (0.087, 0.105, and 0.123 m/sec) of upward flow. High fluctuation in the water flow moves along the entire pipe length and it can notice the sensitivity to any change in water properties or mechanical properties. The liquid upward flow in turbulent conditions is suffered from many characteristics such them related to liquid properties and others related to the mechanics of the application through the systems. The interaction between the fluid film (fluid boarded the pipe inner diameter) has been observed by the shear rate and liquid surface deformation
Lipid Nanocapsule: A Novel Approach to Drug Delivery System
Formulation Development
Authors: Kumar Parveen , Yadav Nishant , Chaudhary Benu , Umakanthan Srikant , Chattu Vijay K. , Kazmi Imran , Al-Abbasi Fahad A. , Alzarea Sami I. , Afzal Obaid , Altamimi Abdulmalik S.A. , Gupta Gaurav , Gupta Madan M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Nanocapsules are polymeric nanoparticles encased in a polymeric coating composed
of a predominantly non-ionic surfactant, macromolecules, phospholipids, and an oil core. Lipophilic
drugs have been entrapped using various nanocarriers, including lipid cores, likely lipid
nanocapsules, solid lipid nanoparticles, and others. A phase inversion temperature approach is
used to create lipid nanocapsules. The PEG (polyethyleneglycol) is primarily utilised to produce
nanocapsules and is a critical parameter influencing capsule residence time. With their broad
drug-loading features, lipid nanocapsules have a distinct advantage in drug delivery systems,
such as the capacity to encapsulate hydrophilic or lipophilic pharmaceuticals. Lipid nanocapsules,
as detailed in this review, are surface modified, contain target-specific patterns, and have
stable physical and chemical properties. Furthermore, lipid nanocapsules have target-specific
delivery and are commonly employed as a marker in the diagnosis of numerous illnesses. This
review focuses on nanocapsule synthesis, characterisation, and application, which will help understand
the unique features of nanocapsules and their application in drug delivery systems.
Analysis of Performance in Homogenous Mixing Systems Using
Ansys
Authors: Abdullah M. Aslam , Gupta Ambuj , Roy Rithul , A. Aseel 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
This study aims to understand the mixing phenomenon and the mass
transfer occurring simultaneously by simulating the system using Ansys Fluent.

Methods:
Taking liquid-liquid mixing into account, a simple agitated mixing system can be
compared to a CSTR, utilizing the impeller to provide forced convection mixing conditions.
The same forced convection can be achieved using high flow rates in smooth vessels instead
of mechanical impellers to produce the convection current. The systems are then stimulated
using Ansys Fluent software to calculate the mass transfer coefficient and several dimensionless
numbers, such as the Reynolds number, Sherwood number, and Schmidt number, in order
to understand the underlying mechanism of mass transfer in mixing systems.

Results:
It has been observed that a 90° pitch impeller tends to have a higher NP value as
compared to a 45° pitch impeller. Overall performance can be compared by the time taken to
achieve homogeneity at the same angular rotational speed of 100 rpm. Thus, in terms of performance,
it can be concluded that 45° pitch is (inclined) > 90° pitch is (in-centre) > 45° pitch
(in-centre) is > 90° pitch (inclined).

Conclusion:
The simulation model used in this study is useful for a combination of CFD
model predictions using the sliding mesh approach and the VOF model. It can be applied to
study the effect of different designs on the flow pattern and mixing time for a set of axial flow
impellers.
Pitfall of Thyroid Storm Score
Authors: Rakhman Muhammad , Rosandi Rulli 
Published: May 2023

The thyroid storm is an emergency characterized by multiple organ failure due to severe thyrotoxicosis that is often triggered by other diseases. The diagnosis of thyroid storm is made clinically in a severe thyrotoxic patient with evidence of systemic decompensation. The Burch–Wartofsky Point Scale (BWPS) is a score that is widely used to diagnose thyroid storm, introduced by Burch and Wartofsky in 1993. In Burch–Wartofsky Point Scale, the thyroid storm diagnosis is made if there is clinically severe thyrotoxicosis with a score of 45 in a patient that has a previous history of elevated free fT3 (triiodothyronine) or fT4 (free thyroxine). But in a condition it cannot be distinguished whether a condition is caused by the effects of thyrotoxicosis or due to other diseases, then these symptoms are considered as a result of the effects of thyrotoxicosis. In the Burch–Wartofsky Point Scale, there is a pitfall. If we are accustomed to assuming a worsening of the condition in thyroid patients as a result of the effects of thyrotoxicosis, without trying to exclude the condition due to other conditions can lead to a misdiagnosis of thyroid storm. This article aims to remind us to be careful in applying diagnostic tools in diagnosing a thyroid storm.