bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of cox proportional hazard model for dropout students in university: case study from SIMAD university
Authors: Ali Dahir Abdi , Hussein Ali Mohamud 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to evaluate the extent of dropout students and identify the relationship between risk factors of dropout and the survival time of students.Design/methodology/approachThe Kaplan–Meier estimator (KM), also known as the product-limit technique, is a nonparametric model function that is commonly used in estimating survival function events (Kaplan and Meier, 1958). The survival function's Kaplan–Meier estimators are used to estimate and graph survival probabilities as a function of time, as well as explanatory data analysis (EDA) for the survival data, including the median survival time, and compare for two or more of the survival events. In addition, Cox proportional hazards model is employed for modelling purpose.FindingsResults of the Kaplan–Meier curves show that male students have lower survival rates than female, researchers have found that there is a difference between the survival times of the student's school types, results show students from English-based schools are higher than Arabic-based schools as suggested by the survival curve. Similarly, there is a difference between the survival times of students aging equal or greater than 25 and students aging less than 25 and survival function estimates of dropout according to high school grade marks has huge difference. These results were confirmed using log rank test as age, school type and marks were statistically significantly different while gender is not statistically significant.Research limitations/implicationsThere is no study of this kind from the Somalia context about the student's dropout. Subsequent to the outbreak of civil war in 1988 and the collapse of the central government in 1991, all public social services in Somalia including education centers were severely disrupted.Originality/valueThe statistical methods discussed in the previous section will be applied on a real dataset obtained from different offices of the university; most of the data were extracted from faculty of economics office and admission and record office. The data set comprised of 70 students from SIMAD university, consists of full-time faculty of economics students who enrolled at the university in the academic year of 2017–2018 until two years of diploma, students either complete 24 months of diploma or leave the university and that is the event of interest.
Family ownership and audit fees in emerging countries: the moderating role of political connections
Authors: Supatmi Supatmi , Alethea Christa Kurnia , Nugrahanti Yeterina Widi , Restuti MI Mitha Dwi 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effect of family ownership on audit fees and whether political connections moderate the causal relationship. Indonesia, as emerging countries, arguably offers appropriate research setting for this research because most Indonesian firms are family owned and exhibit weak investor protection. The authors predict that family ownership positively affects audit fees, and political connections strengthen this influence.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses 98 listed manufacturing firms on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2018–2020, resulting in 279 firm-year observations. Panel data regression used to test the hypothesis. Family ownership is divided into direct and indirect ownership while audit fees are measured by the natural logarithm of audit fees paid by the firms.FindingsThe results show that the greater total and direct family ownerships imply lower audit fees, while indirect family ownership does not affect audit fees. The finding is contrary to the alleged hypothesis. Further, political connections only strengthen direct family ownership's negative impact on audit fees.Originality/valueThis study's findings support the alignment effect hypothesis arguing that controlling shareholders, in this case, families, align their interests with non-controlling shareholders. These findings provide a different perspective from various empirical studies conducted in Asian countries where the majority of companies are also controlled.
Do it again: revitalizing an organization concept
Authors: Berg Christopher , Benders Jos , Ingvaldsen Jonas A. 
Published: August 2023

PurposeBy exploring the process of concept revitalization, this paper contributes to a better understanding of the intraorganizational retention of organization concepts. Concept revitalization occurs when an organization refocuses attention and resources toward a previously adopted organization concept. This paper investigates why and how organization concepts are revitalized.Design/methodology/approachThe findings are based on a case study of a Norwegian energy company's revitalization of the organization concept “lean”, whose initial implementation had been unsuccessful. The data were analyzed inductively by identifying how the concept was reframed during the second attempt and how the revitalization was justified.FindingsIn the case company, the revitalization was driven by (1) replacing the original label, (2) maintaining the original content in a slightly modified form and (3) altering the implementation mode. The changes were supported by a narrative of past shortcomings, lessons learned and a plan for future success, authored by internal experts in lean with a strong interest in ensuring positive results.Research limitations/implicationsConcept revitalization implies that there is more continuity in the application of ideas than is suggested in the literature on management fashions.Originality/valueSo far, the retention of organization concepts has only been studied at the field level. This study is the first to offer an empirically grounded understanding of intraorganizational concept revitalization.
The role of science fiction perception on innovator: integrating the theory of planned behavior and social support network theory
Authors: Zhang Jiale , Liu Zongyuan 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThis study aims to explore the influence of science fiction on innovators and present a comprehensive model using the theory of planned behavior and social support theory to discuss the impact of science fiction on the intention of becoming an innovation worker.Design/methodology/approachPartial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was adopted in this study and responses were obtained from 244 Chinese innovators.FindingsThe results revealed the adequacy of the proposed model and the above-mentioned constructs in explaining innovation intention. Science fiction perception was found to influence the intention of becoming an innovation worker directly. Subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and attitude directly influence the intention of becoming an innovation worker. Additionally, attitude is a mediator between science fiction perception and the intention of becoming an innovation worker. Moreover, social support network moderates the relationship between attitude and intention.Originality/valueThese results shed light on the mechanism by which science fiction influence innovators as well as provide critical managerial implications for policymakers and practitioners.
Unraveling the black box of supply chain flexibility in lean production environments
Authors: Minguela-Rata Beatriz , Maqueira Juan Manuel , Rojo Araceli , Moyano-Fuentes José 
Published: August 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the full mediating role of supply chain flexibility (SCF) between lean production (LP) and business performance (BP) found in the previous literature. This effect negates the direct LP-BP effect (the so-called “total eclipse effect”). The authors analyze the individual contributions that the different SCF dimensions (sourcing flexibility; operating system flexibility, distribution flexibility and information system [IS] flexibility) make to the “total eclipse effect” between LP and BP produced by SCF. The relational resources-based view and resource orchestration theory are used to support the theoretical framework.

Design/methodology/approach
Covariance-based structural equations modeling (CB-SEM) is used to test the SCF LP-BP total eclipse hypothesis and four additional mediation hypotheses, one for each of the SCF dimensions. Data obtained via a questionnaire given to 260 companies are analyzed with CB-SEM, and SPSS Process is used to evaluate the mediation effect.

Findings
Research results indicate that only one of the dimensions (operating system flexibility) has a full mediation effect between LP and BP and is, therefore, the main contributor to the eclipse effect. Two other dimensions (sourcing flexibility and distribution flexibility) have partial mediation effects, so they also contribute to developing the eclipse effect, although to a lesser extent. Finally, IS flexibility is neither a full nor a partial mediation factor and does not contribute to the eclipse effect.

Originality/value
These findings have some important implications. For academia, they generate new knowledge of the role that each of the SCF dimensions or components plays in the LP-BP relationship. For company management, the findings offer supply chain managers specific information on the individual effects that the different types of SCF flexibility have between LP and BP. This will allow companies to target their efforts to develop certain types of flexibility in LP contexts depending on the outcomes that senior managers want to achieve with their SCs.
Renewable energies and biodiversity: Impact of ground‐mounted solar photovoltaic sites on bat activity
Authors: Tinsley Elizabeth , Froidevaux Jérémy S. P. , Zsebők Sándor , Szabadi Kriszta Lilla , Jones Gareth 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Renewable energy is growing at a rapid pace globally but as yet there has been little research on the effects of ground‐mounted solar photovoltaic (PV) developments on bats, many species of which are threatened or protected.

We conducted a paired study at 19 ground‐mounted solar PV developments in southwest England. We used static detectors to record bat echolocation calls from boundaries (i.e. hedgerows) and central locations (open areas) at fields with solar PV development, and simultaneously at matched sites without solar PV developments (control fields). We used generalised linear mixed‐effect models to assess how solar PV developments and boundary habitat affected bat activity and species richness.

The activity of six of eight species/species groups analysed was negatively affected by solar PV panels, suggesting that loss and/or fragmentation of foraging/commuting habitat is caused by ground‐mounted solar PV panels. Pipistrellus pipistrellus and Nyctalus spp. activity was lower at solar PV sites regardless of the habitat type considered. Negative impacts of solar PV panels at field boundaries were apparent for the activity of Myotis spp. and Eptesicus serotinus, and in open fields for Pipistrellus pygmaeus and Plecotus spp.

Bat species richness was greater along field boundaries compared with open fields, but there was no effect of solar PV panels on species richness.

Policy implications: Ground‐mounted solar photovoltaic developments have a significant negative effect on bat activity, and should be considered in appropriate planning legislation and policy. Solar photovoltaic developments should be screened in Environmental Impact Assessments for ecological impacts, and appropriate mitigation (e.g. maintaining boundaries, planting vegetation to network with surrounding foraging habitat) and monitoring should be implemented to highlight potential negative effects.
Tectonic and geological setting influence hot spring microbiology
Authors: Colman Daniel R. , Veach Allison , Stefánsson Andri , Wurch Louie , Belisle B. Shafer , Podar Peter T. , Yang Zamin , Klingeman Dawn , Senba Kazuyo , Murakami Katsuhiko S. , Kristjánsson Jakob K. , Björnsdóttir Snædís H. , Boyd Eric S. , Podar Mircea 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHydrothermal systems form at divergent and convergent boundaries of lithospheric plates and within plates due to weakened crust and mantle plumes, playing host to diverse microbial ecosystems. Little is known of how differences in tectonic setting influence the geochemical and microbial compositions of these hydrothermal ecosystems. Here, coordinated geochemical and microbial community analyses were conducted on 87 high‐temperature (>65°C) water and sediment samples from hot springs in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA (n = 41; mantle plume setting), Iceland (n = 41, divergent boundary), and Japan (n = 5; convergent boundary). Region‐specific variation in geochemistry and sediment‐associated 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence variant (ASV) composition was observed, with 16S rRNA gene assemblages being nearly completely distinguished by region and pH being the most explanatory parameter within regions. Several low abundance ASVs exhibited cosmopolitan distributions across regions, while most high‐abundance ASVs were only identified in specific regions. The presence of some cosmopolitan ASVs across regions argues against dispersal limitation primarily shaping the distribution of taxa among regions. Rather, the results point to local tectonic and geologic characteristics shaping the geochemistry of continental hydrothermal systems that then select for distinct microbial assemblages. These results provide new insights into the co‐evolution of hydrothermal systems and their microbial communities.
Eco‐innovation and environmental sustainability in Germany: An empirical approach with smooth structural shifts
Authors: Pata Ugur Korkut , Sofuoglu Emrah , Ahmed Zahoor , Kizilkaya Oktay 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGermany has set an ambitious goal of meeting the recommendations of COP‐26 and reducing its carbon intensity to zero by 2045. Germany is a leader in environmental patents after the United States, Japan, and South Korea, and the environmental implications of Germany's leadership in eco‐innovation hold important clues for achieving net zero goals. In particular, the European Union is one of the global communities making the greatest efforts to combat emissions, and the success of the leading role of environmental patents in this Union in reducing CO2 emissions is an important research topic for scholars. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of environmental patents on CO2 emissions under the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Germany. To this end, the study applies Bayer–Hanck and Fourier ADL approaches from 1970 to 2019. The main findings do not confirm the EKC hypothesis, while environmental patents play an active role in CO2 reduction. Based on these outcomes, Germany should consider a long‐term green policy to decouple economic growth and emissions. At the same time, German policy should promote the development and application of environmental patents to achieve the net zero targets for 2045.
Daily cannabis use may cause cannabis‐induced hyperalgesia
Authors: Zhang‐James Yanli , Wyon Evelyn , Grapsas Dennis , Johnson Brian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPublic opinion about cannabis as a medical treatment is generally favorable. As many as 35% of primary care patients report medical use of cannabis, most commonly for pain treatment. We designed a way to test whether cannabis helps chronic pain.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted to explore whether daily long‐term cannabis use was associated with increased pain sensitivity using the cold pressor test (CPT) to measure pain tolerance. Patients who used cannabis every day were compared to patients who inhaled tobacco and control patients who never used tobacco or cannabis. The effect of cannabis use on CPT was assessed using a generalized linear model.ResultsPatients using cannabis daily had a median CPT of 46 s, similar to those who did not use cannabis but who inhaled tobacco (median CPT 45 s). Patients who used both cannabis and tobacco had the lowest CPT (median 26 s). The control group had a median CPT of 105 s. Cannabis use was associated with a significantly decreased pain tolerance (χ²(1) = 8.0, p = .004). The effect of tobacco on CPT was only marginally significant (χ²(1) = 3.8, p = .052).Conclusion and Scientific SignificanceThis suggests a phenomenon similar to opioid‐induced hyperalgesia; a drug that reduces pain short term, induces pain long term—opponent process. Daily cannabis use may make chronic pain worse over time by reducing pain tolerance. In terms of risk/benefit, daily cannabis users risk addiction without any long‐term benefit for chronic pain.
The first case of laparoscopic surgery for cecal cancer occurring in a blind loop
Authors: Matsuda Keiji , Fukushima Yoshihisa , Asako Kentaro , Miyata Toshiya , Kaneko Kensuke , Hayama Tamuro , Nozawa Keijiro , Ochiai Hiroki , Sasajima Yuko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCancer occurrence in a blind loop is extremely rare. An 86‐year‐old Japanese woman underwent colonoscopy for tarry stools and weight loss; it revealed a bypass of the transverse colon and small intestine, cecal cancer, and a polyp. She had suffered from acute appendicitis and had undergone two surgeries at age 25: an appendectomy and then a bypass surgery between the transverse colon and the small intestine. We performed a laparoscopy‐assisted ileocecal resection for the cancer and polyp in the blind loop with an end‐to‐side instrumental anastomosis. The pathological examination demonstrated that the cancer was medullary carcinoma (T2, N0, M0, Stage I) and the polyp was tubular adenoma. Two months have passed since the patient's discharge, and she is free of abdominal complaints. Our literature search identified 10 cases of cancer in a blind loop. Laparoscopy‐assisted surgery may be possible in patients who have undergone blind‐loop surgery.
Impacts of climate change on herpetofauna diversity in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Karuno Alex Plimo , Mi Xue , Chen Youhua , Zou Da‐Hu , Gao Wei , Zhang Bao‐Lin , Xu Wei , Jin Jie‐Qiong , Shen Wen‐Jing , Huang Song , Zhou Wei‐Wei , Che Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough numerous studies on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity have been published, only a handful are focused on the intraspecific level or consider population‐level models (separate models per population). We endeavored to fill this knowledge gap relative to the Qinghai‐Tibetan plateau (QTP) by combining species distribution modeling (SDMs) with population genetics (i.e., population‐level models) and phylogenetic methods (i.e., phylogenetic tree reconstruction and phylogenetic diversity analyses). We applied our models to 11 endemic and widely distributed herpetofauna species inhabiting high elevations in the QTP. We aimed to determine the influence of environmental heterogeneity on species’ responses to climate change, the magnitude of climate‐change impacts on intraspecific diversity, and the relationship between species range loss and intraspecific diversity losses under 2 shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP245 and SSP585) and 3 future periods (2050s, 2070s, and 2090s). The effects of global climatic change were more pronounced at the intraspecific level (22% of haplotypes lost and 36% of populations lost) than the morphospecies level in the SSP585 climate change scenario. Maintenance of genetic diversity was in general determined by a combination of factors including range changes, species genetic structure, and the part of the range predicted to be lost. This is owing to the fact that the loss and survival of populations were observed in species irrespective of the predicted range changes (contraction or expansion). In the southeast (mountainous regions), climate change had less of an effect on range size (>100% in 3 species) than in central and northern QTP plateau regions (range size <100% in all species). This may be attributed to environmental heterogeneity, which provided pockets of suitable climate in the southeast, whereas ecosystems in the north and central regions were homogeneous. Generally, our results imply that mountainous regions with high environmental heterogeneity and high genetic diversity may buffer the adverse impacts of climate change on species distribution and intraspecific diversity. Therefore, genetic structure and characteristics of the ecosystem may be crucial for conservation under climate change.
Using social media records to inform conservation planning
Authors: Chowdhury Shawan , Fuller Richard A. , Ahmed Sultan , Alam Shofiul , Callaghan Corey T. , Das Priyanka , Correia Ricardo A. , Di Marco Moreno , Di Minin Enrico , Jarić Ivan , Labi Mahzabin Muzahid , Ladle Richard J. , Rokonuzzaman M. , Roll Uri , Sbragaglia Valerio , Siddika Asma , Bonn Aletta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCitizen science plays a crucial role in helping monitor biodiversity and inform conservation. With the widespread use of smartphones, many people share biodiversity information on social media, but this information is still not widely used in conservation. Focusing on Bangladesh, a tropical megadiverse and mega‐populated country, we examined the importance of social media records in conservation decision‐making. We collated species distribution records for birds and butterflies from Facebook and Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), grouped them into GBIF‐only and combined GBIF and Facebook data, and investigated the differences in identifying critical conservation areas. Adding Facebook data to GBIF data improved the accuracy of systematic conservation planning assessments by identifying additional important conservation areas in the northwest, southeast, and central parts of Bangladesh, extending priority conservation areas by 4,000–10,000 km2. Community efforts are needed to drive the implementation of the ambitious Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework targets, especially in megadiverse tropical countries with a lack of reliable and up‐to‐date species distribution data. We highlight that conservation planning can be enhanced by including available data gathered from social media platforms.