bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Biennial ENSO in the ACCESS-CM2 Due to a Weakened Atmospheric Bjerknes Feedback in May–June
Authors: Sullivan Arnold , McGregor Shayne , Planton Yann , Zhong Wenxiu , Marsland Simon , Rashid Harun A. , Li Ziguang , Geng Tao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a significant interannual phenomenon that occurs every 2–7 years in the tropical Pacific and has global climate impacts linked to natural disasters. Understanding and accurately modeling ENSO dynamics are crucial for predicting its climate impacts and for understanding the characteristics of ENSO itself, such as amplitude, periodicity, and spatial pattern. However, in the latest version of the Australian global climate model ACCESS-CM2 (CM2), the simulated ENSO mainly displays quasi-biennial oscillations (around 2–2.5 years) instead of the observed more irregular 2–7-yr cycles. Our analysis shows that the observed moderate coupling between anomalous western Pacific winds and eastern Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) in May–June is absent in this model. Furthermore, introducing this absence of May–June atmospheric Bjerknes (BJ) feedback in a simple conceptual model of ENSO shifts the ENSO cycle from about 4 years to approximately 2 years, consistent with that simulated in CM2. Subsequently, we conducted a series of idealized atmospheric general circulation model experiments to understand this weakening phenomenon in CM2. The findings demonstrate that the weakening of the May–June air–sea interaction is mainly associated with the representation of SST anomalies in CM2 rather than the simulated mean state bias of the model. This also suggests that biases in CM2’s representation of the mean state did not directly impact this weakening of BJ feedback. However, they may play a role in developing SST anomaly biases.

Significance Statement
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a critical climate pattern affecting global weather. The ACCESS-CM2 model shows ENSO happening more regularly than observed, missing some important features. Specifically, the model fails to replicate the link between Pacific winds and sea temperatures during May and June. To understand this, we ran experiments focusing on these discrepancies. Our results indicate that the model’s issue during May–June is mainly due to anomalous sea temperature structure rather than other climate factors. This highlights the importance of accurately modeling sea temperature changes to predict ENSO and its global impacts.
Global Burden of Otitis Media Attributable to Secondhand Smoke in 204 Countries and Territories from 1990 to 2019: The Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study
Authors: Liu Shuhan , Wang Sirui , Fan Xiaofeng , Tang Wei , Cheng Yongran , Sun Yu , Shi Wendi , Dai Lili 
Published: January 2025

Objective: Secondhand smoke (SHS) is a major public health concern. In this study, we evaluated the global burden of otitis media (OM) due to SHS exposure during 1990-2019 and explored the impact of socioeconomic factors on it. Methods: With reference to the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data, we assessed the OM burden linked to SHS during 1990-2019, stratified by gender, GBD region, and country. Join-point regression models analyzed trends in OM burden by calculating the average annual percent change (AAPC). Spearman’s correlation examined the relationship between the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) index, and SHS-related OM burden. Results: During 1990-2019, age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (ASDRs) and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) for OM due to SHS declined globally, with AAPCs of −1.45 for ASDR and −7.97 for ASMR. Significant declines in ASMR were noted in low-to-middle SDI regions. Regionally, Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest OM-related deaths, while South Asia had the highest disability-adjusted life years. OM burden decreased with higher SDI and HAQ. Conclusion: Despite global declines, significant regional and national disparities remained, which emphasizes the need for targeted interventions.
Effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for non-motor symptoms among patients with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pan Zhaoquan , Tan Weiqiang , Ran Xiaoke , Yan Mingyue , Xie Fengxi 
Published: January 2025

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. Data sources A systematic search was performed across several databases, including the Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, Web of Science, SinoMed, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Wanfang databases up to 1 December 2025. Studies considered for inclusion comprised randomised controlled trials and pre–post control studies. Review methods The authors conducted the data extraction and literature screening procedures independently. The selected studies’ quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias technique. Review Manager 5.3 was used to conduct meta-analyses, while Stata 15.0 was utilised for sensitivity analysis and to assess publication bias. Results Sixteen studies with a total of 1324 individuals satisfied the inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that hyperbaric oxygen therapy significantly improved scores on the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale compared with baseline (both p < 0.05). Additionally, improvements were observed in the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Mini-Mental State Examination, Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Kubota's Drinking Water Test and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III. Improvements in sleep efficiency and extension of total sleep time were also noted compared with controls (all p < 0.05). Conclusion The findings indicate that hyperbaric oxygen therapy effectively alleviates non-motor symptoms such as anxiety, depression, cognitive impairments, sleep disturbances, and swallowing dysfunction, as well as improving motor function in Parkinson's disease patients. Since the hyperbaric oxygen therapy protocol had significant differences between studies, further prospective randomised controlled trials with rigorous methodology are needed.
Associations between paraoxonase-1 activity and therapeutic drug monitoring indicators in schizophrenia patients treated with olanzapine: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wu Tzu-Hua , Hu Shu-Chin , Sylfa Nailis , Liao Jiahn-Haur , Raza Ahmad , Chen Bi-Li , Chen Chun-Hsin , Lu Mong-Liang 
Published: January 2025

Objective: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) indicators have been suggested to predict overall outcome responses to olanzapine (OLZ) treatments in terms of efficacy and metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate whether paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity can be used to predict schizophrenia patient outcomes. Methods: Schizophrenic patients ( N = 50) aged between 20 and 65 years who received OLZ treatment were recruited, and their Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores, PON-1 activity, and olanzapine drug levels normalized by dose (OLZ/D) and its metabolite N-desmethyl-olanzapine (DMO), together with biochemical parameters, were determined. Results: PON-1 activity and OLZ/D were significantly correlated in 50 patients (correlation coefficient, r = 0.355; p = 0.0115). There was also a statistically significant correlation between the ratio of PON-1 activity normalized by homocysteine (Hcy) and OLZ/D (correlation coefficient r = 0.361; p = 0.01) and a significant negative correlation between the ratio of PON-1 activity normalized by Hcy and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (TG/HDL; correlation coefficient r = −0.328; p = 0.02). Conclusions: PON-1 activity can be used as an alternative tool for monitoring TDM through the measurement of OLZ together with its metabolite, DMO, to identify patients who have higher activity. Those who show an optimal response or who have lower activity might have greater cardiometabolic risk under long-term olanzapine treatment. Longitudinal monitoring is warranted to confirm such observations.
Intra-articular Injections of CXCR4-Overexpressing Human Cartilage–Derived Progenitor Cells Improve Meniscus Healing and Protect Against Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis in Immunocompetent Rabbits
Authors: Trivedi Jay , Desai Salomi , Molino Janine , Owens Brett D. , Jayasuriya Chathuraka T. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Meniscal injuries that fail to heal instigate catabolic changes in the knee's microenvironment, posing a high risk for developing posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Previous research has suggested that human cartilage–derived progenitor cells (hCPCs) can stimulate meniscal repair in a manner that depends on stromal cell–derived factor 1 (SDF-1) pathway activity. Hypothesis: Overexpressing the SDF-1 receptor CXCR4 in hCPCs will increase cell trafficking and further improve the repair efficacy of meniscal injuries. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: hCPCs were genetically modified to overexpress CXCR4 (CXCR4-overexpressing [OE] hCPCs) using lentivirus. In vitro characterization was performed using cell viability assay, cell migration assay, and immunoblotting. These cells were then used to treat a meniscal injury in rabbits. A medial meniscal tear was surgically created in the right knees of New Zealand White rabbits, followed by 2 intra-articular injections (5.0 × 106 cells each) of either CXCR4-OE hCPCs, wild-type hCPCs, or saline alone. A histological assessment of menisci and cartilage was performed using safranin O/fast green staining. Joints were assessed for PTOA changes using the modified Osteoarthritis Research Society International scoring system. Fluorescence imaging and DNA analysis were performed to examine tissue for human cells. Results: SDF-1 inhibited NF-κB and ERK pathways in both wild-type and CXCR4-OE hCPCs. CXCR4 overexpression increased hCPC trafficking toward sources of SDF-1, including injured meniscal fibrocartilage and an SDF-1–presoaked collagen scaffold. Intra-articular injections of CXCR4-OE hCPCs significantly improved meniscus healing, as evidenced by the complete absence of tears in 5 of 6 (83%) animals that received CXCR4-OE hCPCs compared with only 3 of 6 (50%) wild-type hCPC–treated animals and 2 of 6 (33%) animals in the saline control group. CXCR4-OE hCPC–treated animals also showed significantly less erosion in their knee cartilage compared with control animals. Conclusion: Overall, CXCR4 overexpression inhibited catabolic pathway signaling in hCPCs and increased cell migration. Evidence suggests that intra-articular injections of these cells into the injured knee allow them to home in on sites of fibrocartilage injuries and ultimately result in meniscal tear healing and PTOA inhibition in immunocompetent animals. Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrated that cartilage progenitors with elevated CXCR4 expression have the potential to be a potent therapeutic tool for stimulating meniscal tear healing.
Definitions of Hemodynamic Instability Related to Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Wang Jean Zhuo , Sikora Lindsey , Farrell Peter , Hiremath Swapnil , Clark Edward G. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Hemodynamic instability related to renal replacement therapy (HIRRT) is a common complication affecting critically ill patients that require renal replacement therapy (RRT). There is currently no consensus regarding the definition of HIRRT in critically ill patients. In this context, the impacts of HIRRT on clinical outcomes such as mortality or renal recovery in critically ill patients are unclear. Objective: The primary objective of this proposed systematic review is to evaluate the association between HIRRT and clinical outcomes, as reported within randomized control trials in the literature. The secondary objective of this systematic review is to compare rates of HIRRT, according to various definitions used by randomized controlled trials, across different RRT modalities used to treat critically ill patients, with the goal of paving the way toward a common definition of HIRRT for future research. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis Measurements: The rates of HIRRT, mortality, and renal recovery will be reported according to each definition of HIRRT Patients: Critically-ill adults with acute kidney injury admitted to intensive care units Methods: The search strategy will be developed to identify articles in Medline, MEDLINE In-Process, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL Registry. We will include randomized control trials examining renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients. This will include intermittent hemodialysis (iHD), all forms of prolonged intermittent RRT (PIRRT), and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Only articles that report a definition of HIRRT and the rates of HIRRT will be included in our analysis. Two reviewers will independently screen all articles for inclusion and exclusion. Data extraction and quality assessment will be also performed in duplicate. All disagreements will be resolved through discussion or a third reviewer. Limitations: The heterogeneity in the definitions of HIRRT and outcome reporting may limit the ability to perform meta-analysis and perform comparisons in the rates of HIRRT between RRT modalities. Conclusions: This systematic review aims to assess the association between HIRRT and important clinical outcomes. In doing so, we will identify definitions of HIRRT within the current literature and the rates of HIRRT associated with these definitions. HIRRT can result in early discontinuation of dialysis, organ injury from hypoperfusion, and may negatively impact mortality and renal recovery in critically ill patients. This systematic review will synthesize the impact and frequency of HIRRT reported in the literature and, in doing so, may help determine the extent to which common definitions of HIRRT might be recommended for standardized use in future research related to HIRRT. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023396550.
Consumer opinion on the use of machine learning in healthcare settings: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Stephens Jacqueline H , Northcott Celine , Poirier Brianna F , Lewis Trent 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Given the increasing number of artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) tools in healthcare, we aimed to gain an understanding of consumer perspectives on the use of AI/ML tools for healthcare diagnostics. Methods We conducted a qualitative systematic review, following established standardized methods, of the existing literature indexed in the following databases up to 4 April 2022: OVID MEDLINE, OVID EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science. Results Fourteen studies were identified as appropriate for inclusion in the meta-synthesis and systematic review. Most studies ( n = 12) were conducted in high-income countries, with data extracted from both mixed methods (42.9%) and qualitative (57.1%) studies. The meta-synthesis identified four overarching themes across the included studies: (1) Trust, fear, and uncertainty; (2) Data privacy and ML governance; (3) Impact on healthcare delivery and access; and (4) Consumers want to be engaged. Conclusion The current evidence demonstrates consumers’ understandings of AI/ML for medical diagnosis are complex. Consumers express a complex combination of both hesitancy and support towards AI/ML in healthcare diagnosis. Importantly, their views of the use of AI/ML in medical diagnosis are influenced by the perceived trustworthiness of their healthcare providers who use these AI/ML tools. Consumers recognize the potential for AI/ML tools to improve diagnostic accuracy, efficiency and access, and express a strong interest to be engaged in the development and implementation process of AI/ML into routine healthcare.
Impact of digital device utilization on public health surveillance to enhance city resilience during the public health emergency response: A case study of SARS-CoV-2 response in Thailand (2020–2023)
Authors: Chutarong Watcharaporn , Thammalikhit Roongaroon , Kraiklang Rungwasun , Sawangwong Anurak , Saechang Orachorn , Guo Yuqian , Zhang Weiwen 
Published: January 2025

Objective This study aims to examine the impact of digital devices on public health surveillance, the impact of public health surveillance on resilient cities, and the impact of digital devices on resilient cities. Methods Questionnaires were issued to residents of Thailand during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 response (2020–2023). In total, 1025 valid responses were recorded from Thai nationals and expatriates. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling were used to assess the model through IBM SPSS 23 and AMOS 23. Results Digital devices have a strong positive direct effect on public health surveillance ( β = 0.73, p ≤ .001), public health surveillance has a strong positive direct effect on resilient cities ( β = 0.79, p ≤ .001), and digital devices have a low positive direct and a moderate indirect effect on resilient cities ( β = 0.13, p ≤ .001, and β = 0.58, p ≤ .001, respectively). The use of digital devices in data collection, analysis, and dissemination, positively impacted public health surveillance, considering five dimensions: medical and vaccine, individual, health care, epidemiological, and disease. Meanwhile, using digital devices in public health surveillance positively impacted the resilience of cities, considering three dimensions: socioeconomic, institutional, and living. The causal relationship model of the digital device utilization on public health surveillance enhancing the resilience of the cities met all the necessary criteria: X2/ df = 2.802, comparative fit index = 0.953, goodness of fit index = 0.901, normed fit index = 0.935, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.935, root mean square of approximation = 0.048, and root of mean square residual = 0.043. This indicates the model fits the empirical data. Conclusion Digital devices are vital tools in collecting, analyzing, and disseminating public health surveillance-related data during the public health emergency. This, in turn, can improve medical and vaccine, individual, health care, epidemiological, and disease surveillance, and also enhance cities’ socioeconomic, institutional, and living resilience.
The causal effect of Internet use on rural middle-aged and older adults’ depression: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Ma Junqi 
Published: January 2025

Objective Depression among older adults is increasingly becoming a global public health issue. Along with the rapid development of digital information technology, the Internet has profoundly changed the lifestyle of older adults. However, few studies have focused on the mental health of rural middle-aged and older adult populations, and this study aims to explore the impact of Internet use on depressive symptoms among rural middle-aged and older adults. Methods Our study is based on 10,946 Chinese rural participants aged 45 and above in the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Depression is measured by a 10-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies (CES-D10), and multiple linear regression and the propensity score matching (PSM) method are used to examine the effect of Internet use on depression in Chinese rural middle-aged and older adults. Results Internet use significantly reduced depression in rural middle-aged and older adults. The mechanism was that Internet use improved mental health by improving social interaction and enhancing social support. Furthermore, desk computer, laptop computer, and cellphone use were all significantly associated with lower depression scores compared to non-Internet users. And the more the content of Internet use, the significantly lower the level of depression in rural middle-aged and older adults. Heterogeneity analysis showed that Internet use reduced depression more pronounced in the groups of males, those in elementary and secondary education, low-medium income, and aged under 75. Conclusion The paper confirms that Internet use significantly reduces depression, with social interaction and social support playing a mediating role. The results of the study show that strengthening rural Internet infrastructure can promote healthy aging in rural areas.
The Training of Rhythm Skills and Executive Function: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ahokas J. Riikka , Saarikallio Suvi , Welch Graham , Goswami Usha , Parviainen Tiina 
Published: January 2025

Objective The focus of this study is on rhythm-elicited movement and its impacts on executive function. The main aim of this review was to identify previous, controlled intervention research on this topic, and to study the effectiveness of the included research interventions. We hypothesized we would find research supporting the alleged positive impact of rhythm training on cognition. Methods Systematic literature searches were performed in Web of Science (WoS), PubMed, Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), and APA PsycArticles and PsycInfo databases from 2000 to May 2022. The selected studies were evaluated for methodological quality using the modified Downs and Black checklist. Results The eligibility criteria of this review identified populations from preschool to old age and included research interventions that could be defined as “training music rhythm skills”. Only studies with active control training using executive function (EF) measures, published between 2000 and 2022, peer reviewed, and written in English were included. From the initial result of a total of 15,677 identified records, 10 research reports met the eligibility criteria and were included in the final synthesis of this systematic review. The mean methodological quality score of these records was 24.7 out of 28 on the Downs and Black checklist. Five of the included studies provided statistically significant results in regard to our hypothesis. Conclusion During our targeted review period of 2025–2022, there is a fundamental paucity of studies aiming at testing the benefits of rhythm training on EF.
Relationship Between Personality Traits and Emotional Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Canadian Emerging Adults
Authors: Moore Mackenzie , Yunus Fakir Md , Thompson Kara , Keough Matthew , Krank Marvin , Conrod Patricia J. , Stewart Sherry H. 
Published: January 2025

We assessed whether traits from the four-factor vulnerability model for substance misuse are associated with the content of emotional descriptions given by Canadian university students of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their lives. Personality traits were measured in 1185 first- and second-year undergraduates (mean age = 19.11 years; 79% female). Written responses to “Tell us about how the COVID-19 pandemic is impacting your life” were coded using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software. Negative binomial analyses were run to examine links between traits and emotion word types used in responses. Anxiety sensitivity was associated with increased use of anxiety words; hopelessness was associated with increased use of negative emotion and sadness words, and decreased use of positive emotion words; and impulsivity was associated with increased use of anger words. Findings have implications for personality-tailored interventions for students vulnerable to distress resulting from highly stressful situations such as pandemics.