bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and knowledge of modifiable cardiovascular diseases risk factors among vulnerable population in Central Tanzania
Authors: Gibore Nyasiro Sophia , Munyogwa Mariam John , Ng’weshemi Secilia Kapalata , Gesase Ainory Peter 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the global public health problem which has been associated with increasing prevalence of modifiable CVDs risk factors. This study aimed to describe the prevalence and knowledge of modifiable CVDs risk factors among vulnerable population of Central Tanzania.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 749 participants were interviewed. The socio-demographic information and modifiable CVDs risk factors (behavioral and biological) were measured using a modified World Health Organization (WHO) STEPwise approach for chronic disease risk factor surveillance. Knowledge of modifiable CVDs risk factors was measured by comprehensive heart disease knowledge questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the knowledge and prevalence of modifiable CVDs risk factors. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with adequate knowledge of CVDs risk factors.

Results
The prevalence of béhavioral risk factors were; current smokers and alcohol consumers were 4.4% and 18.0% respectively, use of raw salt was 43.7%, consumption of fruit/vegetables < 5 days per week was 56.9%. The prevalence of Biological CVDs risk factors was as follows: Overall, 63.5% (33.3% overweight and 29.9% obese) were overweight or obese, 4.5% were diabetic and 43.4% were hypertensive. Only 35.4% of participants had adequate knowledge of CVDs risk factors. Being a male (AOR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.01–2.06, p < .05), having primary education (AOR = 6.43, 95%CI = 2.39–17.36, p < .0001), being employed (AOR = 1.59, 95%CI = 1.00-2.52, p < .05), ever checked blood pressure (AOR = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.42–0.84, p < .001), family history of hypertension (AOR = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.25–0.57, p < .0001) determined adequate knowledge of CVDs risk factors.

Conclusions
This study has revealed a high prevalence of modifiable CVDs risk factors and low knowledge of CVDs risk factors. Community health promotion interventions to increase population knowledge of CVDs risk factors are recommended for the efficacious reduction of CVDs in the country.
Impact of randomized blinded rechecking program on the performance of the AFB Microscopy Laboratory Network in Uganda: a decadal retrospective study
Authors: Nsawotebba Andrew , Ibanda Ivan , Mujuni Dennis , Nabadda Susan , Nadunga Diana , Kabugo Joel , Adam Isa , Wekiya Enock , Nyombi Abdunoor , Nsubuga Richard , Ademun Patrick , Musisi Kenneth , Kangave Fredrick , Joloba Moses 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Smear microscopy has remained the initial diagnostic test for presumptive tuberculosis (TB) patients in health facilities without the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended rapid diagnostic tools. In the Uganda TB laboratory network, the technique remains the only tool to monitor response to treatment among drug susceptible TB patients, with the country currently having over 1,600 microscopy TB testing units. It has been evidenced that acid-fast bacilli (AFB) microscopy’s yield highly depends on the staining technique and reading ability of the laboratory personnel. For the quality of TB testing in the country, the TB control program set up a Randomized Blinded Rechecking (RBRC) program in 2008 to monitor the testing performance of laboratories to continuously improve the reliability and efficiency of results. This is the first study to determine the effectiveness and impact of the RBRC program on the performance of the participating laboratories in Uganda.

Methods
This was a retrospective cross-sectional study based on a record review of the RBRC’s annual results compilations between January 2008 and December 2017.

Results
Between January 2008 and December 2017, a total of 265,523 smears were re-checked during the RBRC program. The number of enrolled laboratories in the RBRC program rose from 660 to 2008 to 1,406 in 2017. The RBRC program resulted in a statistically significant reduction in microscopy errors, with false positives decreasing from 12.8% to 2008 to 7.6% in 2017, false positive errors decreasing from 10 to 6.3%, false negative errors decreasing from 2.9 to 0.7%, quantification errors decreasing from 6.0 to 1.8%, and the overall sensitivity of smear microscopy compared to the controllers increased with statistical significance from 93 to 97%.

Conclusion
The study reveals an overall significant error reduction and an improved sensitivity of smear microscopy upon continuous implementation of the RBRC program in an AFB microscopy TB laboratory network. Implementation of a RBRC program is crucial and essential to maintaining a reliable TB laboratory service that can facilitate accurate diagnosis and offset the disadvantages of using smear microscopy.
Cystoid macular edema associated with omidenepag isopropyl in a phakic eye with an implantable collamer lens: a case report
Authors: Bae Byung-Jin , Kang Eun Min , Lee Sang Yeop 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cystoid macular edema is a known complication of omidenepag isopropyl usage. Omidenepag isopropyl is a selective prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist, and its association with macular edema has mainly been identified in pseudophakic eyes. Herein, we report a case of cystoid macular edema caused by omidenepag isopropyl use in a phakic eye with an implantable collamer lens.

Case presentation
A 38-year-old woman was diagnosed with left eye glaucoma and prescribed omidenepag isopropyl. She had undergone bilateral implantation of implantable collamer lenses approximately 12 years prior to the glaucoma diagnosis. After 9 months of using omidenepag isopropyl, she presented with blurred vision in the left eye; swept source optical coherence tomography revealed cystoid macular edema in this eye. Omidenepag isopropyl usage was discontinued, and bromfenac sodium hydrate was administered twice daily instead. After 2 months, the patient’s visual discomfort was completely ameliorated. Additionally, an optical coherence tomography examination confirmed that the macula had normalized.

Conclusions
We report a case of cystoid macular edema development after omidenepag isopropyl use in a patient with glaucoma who had undergone bilateral implantable collamer lens implantation. This case shows that the possibility of cystoid macular edema occurrence should be considered when omidenepag isopropyl is used, even in phakic eyes, after the insertion of implantable collamer lenses.
Treatment and outcome of IgA nephropathy in children from one single center experience
Authors: Mao Youying , Zhou Wei , Zhou Zhengyu , Zhang Chenxing , Shen Jiayao , Yin Lei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
There is no standard recommendation for IgA nephropathy treatment in children.

Methods
This is a retrospective study. From 2012 to 2020, newly diagnosed primary IgAN followed up for at least 1 year were enrolled. The correlation of MESTC scores and clinical index including proteinuria, gross hematuria and renal dysfunction was analyzed. Treatment and clinical response of 6 month, 1year and 3 year at follow up were also analyzed. Complete renal remission was calculated with Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results
The median follow up was 36 months, from 12 months to 87months in 40 IgAN children. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) was applied to all patients. 30% received ACEI alone; 15% received glucocorticoids; 37.5% received glucocorticoids plus cyclophosphamide, 17.5% received glucocorticoids plus mycophenolate mofetil. Individuals with diffuse mesangial hypercellularity (M1) were more likely to have nephrotic range proteinuria compared to patients with M0 (80% vs. 20%, P < 0.01). Complete renal remission at 6-month, 1-year and 3-year follow up is 50.25%, 70% and 87.5% respectively. Five-year complete renal remission calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis is 58.4%. Although without significant difference, there is trend of better survival with complete renal remission in group of nephrotic range proteinuria onset. There is no severe adverse effect.

Conclusion
This study supports the use of glucocorticoids plus immunosuppressive in addition to ACEI in IgA nephrology pediatric patients with proteinuria. We suggest proactive immunosuppressive treatment in IgA nephropathy in children. This is from a single center in China as may not same results in other population.
Sociodemographic, mental health, and physical health factors associated with participation within re-contactable mental health cohorts: an investigation of the GLAD Study
Authors: Bright Steven J. , Hübel Christopher , Young Katherine S. , Bristow Shannon , Peel Alicia J. , Rayner Christopher , Mundy Jessica , Palmos Alish B. , Purves Kirstin L. , Kalsi Gursharan , Armour Cherie , Jones Ian R. , Hotopf Matthew , McIntosh Andrew M. , Smith Daniel J. , Walters James T. R. , Rogers Henry C. , Thompson Katherine N. , Adey Brett N. , Monssen Dina , Kakar Saakshi , Malouf Chelsea M. , Hirsch Colette , Glen Kiran , Kelly Emily J. , Veale David , Eley Thalia C. , Breen Gerome , Davies Molly R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The Genetic Links to Anxiety and Depression (GLAD) Study is a large cohort of individuals with lifetime anxiety and/or depression, designed to facilitate re-contact of participants for mental health research. At the start of the pandemic, participants from three cohorts, including the GLAD Study, were invited to join the COVID-19 Psychiatry and Neurological Genetics (COPING) study to monitor mental and neurological health. However, previous research suggests that participation in longitudinal studies follows a systematic, rather than random, process, which can ultimately bias results. Therefore, this study assessed participation biases following the re-contact of GLAD Study participants.

Methods
In April 2020, all current GLAD Study participants (N = 36,770) were invited to the COPING study. Using logistic regression, we investigated whether sociodemographic, mental, and physical health characteristics were associated with participation in the COPING baseline survey (aim one). Subsequently, we used a zero-inflated negative binomial regression to examine whether these factors were also related to participation in the COPING follow-up surveys (aim two).

Results
For aim one, older age, female gender identity, non-binary or self-defined gender identities, having one or more physical health disorders, and providing a saliva kit for the GLAD Study were associated with an increased odds of completing the COPING baseline survey. In contrast, lower educational attainment, Asian or Asian British ethnic identity, Black or Black British ethnic identity, higher alcohol consumption at the GLAD sign-up survey, and current or ex-smoking were associated with a reduced odds. For aim two, older age, female gender, and saliva kit provision were associated with greater COPING follow-up survey completion. Lower educational attainment, higher alcohol consumption at the GLAD Study sign-up, ex-smoking, and self-reported attention deficit hyperactivity disorder had negative relationships.

Conclusions
Participation biases surrounding sociodemographic and physical health characteristics were particularly evident when re-contacting the GLAD Study volunteers. Factors associated with participation may vary depending on study design. Researchers should examine the barriers and mechanisms underlying participation bias in order to combat these issues and address recruitment biases in future studies.
Application of ADAPT-ITT: adapting an evidence-based HIV/STI mother-daughter prevention intervention for Black male caregivers and girls
Authors: Crooks Natasha , Debra Alyssa , Coleman Diamond , Sosina Wuraola , Singer Randi , Jeremiah Rohan , Green Betty , Johnson Waldo , Caldwell Cleopatra , Patil Crystal , Matthews Alicia K. , Donenberg Geri 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Black girls are disproportionately impacted by HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), underscoring the urgent need for innovative strategies to enhance the adoption and maintenance of HIV/STI prevention efforts. Historically, Black male caregivers have been left out of girls’ programming, and little guidance exists to inform intervention development for Black girls and their male caregivers. Engaging Black male caregivers in Black girls’ sexual and reproductive health may reduce sexual risk-taking and improve the sustainability of preventative behaviors.

Objective
This paper describes the formative phases, processes, and methods used to adapt an evidence-based mother-daughter sexual and reproductive health intervention for Black girls 9–18 years old and their male caregivers.

Methods
We used the ADAPT-ITT model to tailor IMARA for Black girls and their male caregivers. Diverse qualitative methods (interviews, focus groups, and theater testing) were used throughout the adaption process.

Results
Findings support using the ADAPT-ITT model to tailor an evidence-based HIV/STI intervention for Black girls and their Black male caregivers. Findings highlight the importance of community engagement and the use of qualitative methods to demonstrate the acceptability and feasibility of the adapted intervention. Key lessons learned are reviewed.

Conclusions
Adapting evidence-based interventions to incorporate Black girls and their Black male caregivers should be driven by a relevant theoretical framework that aligns with the target population(s). Adapting the intervention in partnership with the community has been shown to improve acceptability and feasibility as it is responsive to community needs. Using a systematic process like the ADAPT-ITT model will ensure that the new program is ready for efficacy trials.
Efficacy and safety comparison between axillary lymph node dissection with no axillary surgery in patients with sentinel node-positive breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fan Yu-Jia , Li Jin-Cheng , Zhu De-Miao , Zhu Hai-Long , Zhao Yi , Zhu Xin-Bing , Wu Gang , Bai Ting-ting 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to study the evidence on the efficacy and safety of omitting axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) for patients with clinically node-negative but sentinel lymph node (SLN)-positive breast cancer using all the available evidence.

Methods
The Embase, Medline, and Cochrane Library databases were searched through February 25, 2023. Original trials that compared only the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with ALND as the control group for patients with clinically node-negative but SLN-positive breast cancer were included. The primary outcomes were axillary recurrence rate, total recurrence rate, disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS). Meta-analyses were performed to compare the odds ratio (OR) in rates and the hazard ratios (HR) in time-to-event outcomes between both interventions. Based on different study designs, tools in the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool were used for randomized trials and the risk of bias in nonrandomized studies of interventions to assess the risk of bias for each included article. Funnel plots and Egger's test were used for the publication’s bias assessment.

Results
In total, 30 reports from 26 studies were included in the systematic review (9 reports of RCTs, 21 reports of retrospective cohort studies). According to our analysis, omitting ALND in patients with clinically node-negative but SLN-positive breast cancer had a similar axillary recurrence rate (OR = 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.76–1.20), DFS (HR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.89–1.16), and OS (HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.92–1.03), but caused a significantly lower incidence of adverse events and benefited in locoregional recurrence rate (OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.59–0.97) compared with ALND.

Conclusion
For patients with clinically node-negative but SLN-positive breast cancer (no matter the number of the positive SLN), this review showed that SLNB alone had a similar axillary recurrence rate, DFS, and OS, but caused a significantly lower incidence of adverse events and showed a benefit for the locoregional recurrence compared with ALND. An OS benefit was found in the Macro subset that used SLNB alone versus complete ALND. Therefore, omitting ALND is feasible in this setting.

Trial registration
CRD 42023397963
A scoping review on the association of early childhood caries and maternal gender inequality
Authors: Sun Ivy Guofang , Duangthip Duangporn , Kwok Charis Hiu-Kei , Chu Chun Hung , Crystal Yasmi O. , Schroth Robert J. , Feldens Carlos Alberto , Virtanen Jorma I. , Al-Batayneh Ola Barakat , Gaffar Balgis , Mfolo Tshepiso , El Tantawi Maha , Mohebbi Simin Z. , Daryanavard Hamideh , Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin ,   Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group (ECCAG)
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aim
The objective of this scoping review is to present current evidence regarding the association between early childhood caries (ECC) and maternal-related gender inequality.

Methods
Two independent reviewers performed a comprehensive literature search using three databases: EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science. Literature published in English from 2012 to 2022 was included in the search and was restricted to only primary research by using the following key terms: "dental caries", "tooth decay", "gender", "sex", "preschool", "toddler," and "infant". The included studies were limited to those reporting an association between ECC and maternal aspects related to gender inequality. Titles and abstracts were screened, and irrelevant publications were excluded. The full text of the remaining papers was retrieved and used to perform the review. The critical appraisal of selected studies was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools.

Results
Among 1,103 studies from the three databases, 425 articles were identified based on publication years between 2012 and 2022. After full-text screening, five articles were included in the qualitative analysis for this review. No published study was found regarding a direct association between ECC and maternal gender inequality at the level of individuals. Five included studies reported on the association between ECC and potential maternal-gender-related inequality factors, including the mother’s education level (n = 4), employment status (n = 1), and age (n = 1). Regarding the quality of the included studies, out of five, two studies met all JBI criteria, while three partially met the criteria.

Conclusions
Based on the findings of this scoping review, evidence demonstrating an association between gender inequality and ECC is currently limited.
Listening to stakeholders in the prevention of gender-based violence among young people in Spain: a qualitative study from the positivMasc project
Authors: Marcos-Marcos Jorge , Nardini Krizia , Briones-Vozmediano Erica , Vives-Cases Carmen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study seeks to deepen current knowledge of the phenomenon of gender-based violence (GVB) among young people in Spain, identifying the main challenges in terms of prevention from the perspective of key stakeholders in the field.Methods23 semi-structured qualitative interviews were performed with professionals whose work involves youth and comes from different areas: social work, policy making, youth education, feminist and LGBTQ activism and anti-violence masculinities engagement (13 women and 10 men).ResultsAmong the main challenges identified by stakeholders in relation to GBV preventive strategies in young populations there is a need to focus on transformative programmes within educational settings. The findings indicate that specific programs and interventions in this area may not be yielding the expected effectiveness. This outcome could be attributed less to a lack of resources and more to a failure to address the core issues and challenges adequately. Thus, the results underline that intervention programmes should emphasise equitable gender norms and gender relations and incorporate content on anti-violence masculinities. Finally, a pivotal aspect seen by professionals to facilitate GBV prevention is the design and development of interventions based on participatory and active approaches, close to young people’s everyday situations. The results also draw attention to the need to analyse the impact of new forms of violence in greater depth, especially those that occur through information and communication technologies.ConclusionAmong other implications for policy and practice, the study points to the need to articulate interventions designed to work simultaneously at different levels of influence acting on people.
Optimization of hydrogen production in Enterobacter aerogenes by Complex I peripheral fragments destruction and maeA overexpression
Authors: Jiang Ke , Bai Ruoxuan , Gao Ting , Lu Ping , Zhang Jingya , Zhang Shuting , Xu Fangxu , Wang Shenghou , Zhao Hongxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs a concentrated energy source with high added value, hydrogen has great development prospects, with special emphasis on sustainable microbial production as a replacement for traditional fossil fuels. In this study, λ-Red recombination was used to alter the activity of Complex I by single and combined knockout of nuoE, nuoF and nuoG. In addition, the conversion of malic to pyruvic acid was promoted by overexpressing the maeA gene, which could increase the content of NADH and formic acid in the bacterial cells. Compared to the original strain, hydrogen production was 65% higher in the optimized strain IAM1183-EFG/M, in which the flux of the formic acid pathway was increased by 257%, the flux of the NADH pathway was increased by 13%, and the content of metabolites also changed significantly. In further bioreactor, the total hydrogen production of the scale-up IAM1183-EFG/M after 44 h of fermentation was 4.76 L, which increased by 18% compared with the starting strain. This study provides a new direction for future exploration of microbial hydrogen production by combinatorial modification of multiple genes.
Graphical Abstract