bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UASN‐3D: An energy efficient localization based on LEACH‐BR algorithm (EELBL‐BR)
Authors: Yadav Nishi , Khilar Pabitra Mohan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnderwater acoustic sensor networks (UASN) research is gaining popularity as it has various applications such as military communication, oil rig maintenance, animal survival, linking submarines to land, gathering data for water monitoring, and other commercial fields. The two most critical requirements for the application's proper operation are the accurate knowledge of sensor node locations and the efficient transmission of accurate underwater sensor node information to the base station with efficient energy consumption. The proposed energy efficient localization based on the LEACH‐beacon and reinforced node (EELBL‐BR) algorithm satisfies both the requirements in 3D‐UASN. The proposed algorithm considers the deployment and computation of accurate location of sensor nodes in the underwater environment by applying I‐LASP (improvement of localization algorithm for compensating stratification effect based on extended improved particle swarm optimization technique) (Yadav N, Khilar PM. Trans Emerg Telecommun Technol. 2023;34:e4772.) for 3D environment. It performs clustering of sensor nodes for enhancing network lifetime using three different types of nodes such as beacon, reinforced, and member nodes. The proposed clustering LEACH‐BR (low‐energy adaptive clustering hierarchy‐beacon and reinforced nodes) algorithm is based upon the LEACH algorithm which provides accurate location of all the sensor nodes, improves energy consumption and reliability in the underwater environment. The result shows that the proposed algorithm EELBL‐BR, considering both beacon and reinforced nodes, provides the improvement in the number of alive nodes, reduction in the number of dead nodes, reduction in energy consumption and enhances residual energy in the UASN by 68.90%, 51.91%, 51.47%, and 68.12% respectively with respect to the number of rounds as compared to that of the existing algorithm by Rizvi et al. (Wirel Pers Commun. 2022;124(4):3725–3741.) and thus outperforms the existing algorithm (Rizvi HH, Khan SA, Enam RN. Wirel Pers Commun. 2022;124(4):3725–3741.).
Specimens as individuals: Four interventions and recommendations for great ape skeletal collections research and curation
Authors: Kralick Alexandra E. , Canington Stephanie L. , Eller Andrea R. , McGrath Kate 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExtensive discourse surrounds the ethics of human skeletal research and curation, but there has yet to be a similar discussion of the treatment of great ape skeletal remains, despite the clear interest in their ethical treatment when alive. Here we trace the history of apes who were killed and collected for natural history museums during the early 20th century and showcase how the guiding research questions of the colonial era continue to influence scholarship. We discuss best practices for improving industry and academic standards of research on, and the curation of, ape remains. The suggested interventions involve restoring individual identity and narrative to great apes while engaging with contextual reflexivity and decolonial theory. The resulting recommendations include contextualizing the individual, piecing individuals back together, challenging/questioning the captive‐wild dichotomy, and collaborative international conversations. Our objective is to encourage a conversation regarding ethical and theoretical considerations in great ape skeletal remains research.
Fuel loads and their composition, and compartment characteristics in educational, office and library buildings
Authors: Nayak Namita , Subramanian Lakshmi Priya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the fire load data in educational, office and library buildings, obtained through an extensive inventory survey. This data collection effort is prompted by a growing need to simulate compartment fires, wherein estimating realistic fire scenarios is essential to assess the level of fire severity in a structure, and consequently the strength of the various structural members at elevated temperatures. The attributes of compartment fires primarily depend upon the fuel load and its composition, compartment dimensions, ventilation characteristics, and construction materials. Despite an acute need, fire load data across the world is scarce and outdated, and does not reflect the change in the type of materials in‐use today. The survey data presented in this paper is collected from 108 rooms in 10 educational buildings, 51 rooms in three office buildings, and 13 rooms in a library building. This paper also presents the composition of fire loads and the levels of ventilation in these buildings. The studies show that fire loads can vary significantly depending on the room‐use; thereby basing fire load values solely on the overall category of a building may result in either conservative or unsafe design. This study also finds that certain room types (e.g., computer labs) have significant plastic‐based fuels, indicating that typical modelling recommendations based on cellulosic fuels for heat release rate, combustion heat, etc. may not always be appropriate. The paper finally examines the statistical distribution that best describes the measured values of the fire load densities.
Quorum‐sensing in Acetobacter pasteurianus and its effect on acetic acid fermentation
Authors: Zhao Hang , Feng Zhiwei , Han Xueli , Wang Jiao , Xu Ying , Li Weizhao , Zheng Yu , Wang Min 
Published: September 2023

AbstractQuorum‐sensing (QS) is an essential mechanism of microbial self‐regulation. In this work, the presence of QS in Acetobacter pasteurianus was demonstrated, and N‐acyl‐homoserine lactones N‐C4‐HSL and N‐C8‐HSL were identified as the signal molecules. The exogenous addition of N‐C4‐HSL, N‐C8‐HSL, N‐C10‐HSL, and N‐C12‐HSL result in the reduction in biomass, and lead to 11.56%, 11.91%, 7.94%, and 4.69% decrease in acetic acid production, respectively, when compared with the control. A hypothetical N‐acylhomoserine lactonase (AHL lactonase) 0046 was overexpressed in A. pasteurianus CGMCC 3089, and the recombinant strain exhibites a 17.38% and 12.75% increase in the biomass and the acetic acid production rate, respectively. Those results prove the negative regulation of QS on acetic acid fermentation, and overexpression of 0046 protein alleviates this negative effect.
Are we really targeting and stimulating DLPFC by placing transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) electrodes over F3/F4?
Authors: Soleimani Ghazaleh , Kuplicki Rayus , Camchong Jazmin , Opitz Alexander , Paulus Martin P. , Lim Kelvin O. , Ekhtiari Hamed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn many clinical trials involving transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), target electrodes are typically placed over DLPFC with the assumption that this will primarily stimulate the underlying brain region. However, our study aimed to evaluate the electric fields (EF) that are actually delivered and identify prefrontal regions that may be inadvertently targeted in DLPFC tES. Head models were generated from the Human Connectome Project database's T1 + T2‐weighted MRIs of 80 healthy adults. Two common DLPFC montages were simulated; symmetric‐F4/F3, and asymmetric‐F4/Fp1. Averaged EF was extracted from (1) the center of the target electrode (F4), and (2) the top 1% of voxels showing the strongest EF in individualized EF maps. Interindividual variabilities were quantified with the standard deviation of EF peak location/value. Similar steps were repeated with 66 participants with methamphetamine use disorder (MUDs) as an independent clinical population. In healthy adults, the group‐level location of EF peaks was situated in the medial‐frontopolar, and the individualized EF peaks were positioned in a cube with a volume of 29 cm3/46 cm3 (symmetric/asymmetric montages). EFs in the frontopolar area were significantly higher than EF “under” the target electrode in both symmetric (peak: 0.41 ± 0.06, F4:0.22 ± 0.04) and asymmetric (peak: 0.38 ± 0.04, F4:0.2 ± 0.04) montages (Heges'g > 0.7). Similar results with slight between‐group differences were found in MUDs. We highlighted that in common DLPFC tES montages, in addition to interindividual/intergroup variability, the frontopolar received the highest EFs rather than DLPFC as the main target. We specifically recommended considering the potential involvement of the frontopolar area as a mechanism underlying the effectiveness of DLPFC tES protocols.
Comparison of coagulation parameters associated with fibrinogen concentrate and cryoprecipitate for treatment of bleeding in patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery for pseudomyxoma peritonei: Subanalysis from a randomized, controlled phase 2 study
Authors: Roy Ashok , Sargant Nigel , Bell John , Stanford Sophia , Solomon Cristina , Kruzhkova Irina , Knaub Sigurd , Mohamed Faheez 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe FORMA‐05 study compared the efficacy and safety of human fibrinogen concentrate (HFC) versus cryoprecipitate for hemostasis in bleeding patients undergoing cytoreductive surgery for pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). This subanalysis explores coagulation parameters in the FORMA‐05 patients, with a focus on the seven patients who developed thromboembolic events (TEEs).MethodsFORMA‐05 was a prospective, randomized, controlled phase 2 study in which patients with predicted blood loss ≥2 L received HFC (4 g) or cryoprecipitate (two pools of five units), repeated as needed. Plasma fibrinogen, platelet count, factor (F) XIII, FVIII, von Willebrand Factor (VWF) antigen and ristocetin cofactor activity levels, EXTEM A20, FIBTEM A20, and endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) were measured perioperatively.ResultsFibrinogen, platelet count, EXTEM and FIBTEM A20, FXIII, FVIII, VWF levels, and ETP were maintained throughout surgery in both the HFC group (N = 21) and the cryoprecipitate group (N = 23). Seven TEEs were observed in the cryoprecipitate group. The two patients developing deep vein thromboses (DVT) appeared to have a procoagulant status preoperatively, with distinctively higher fibrinogen level, FIBTEM A20, and platelet levels, all of which persisted perioperatively. The five patients developing pulmonary embolism (PE) had slightly higher VWF levels preoperatively, with a disproportionate increase intraoperatively (postcryoprecipitate administration) and postoperatively.ConclusionsPatients treated with HFC versus cryoprecipitate showed broad overlaps in coagulation parameters. Patients with PE experienced a disproportionate VWF rise following cryoprecipitate administration, whereas patients developing DVT displayed a procoagulant status before and following surgery. Preoperative testing may allow these patients to be identified.
Immunomodulatory approaches in managing lung inflammation in COVID‐19: A double‐edge sword
Authors: Verma Geetika , Dhawan Manish , Saied AbdulRahman A. , Kaur Geetika , Kumar Reetesh , Emran Talha Bin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe novel coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID‐19) which is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has emerged as a gigantic problem. The lung is the major target organ of SARS‐CoV‐2 and some of its variants like Delta and Omicron variant adapted in such a way that these variants can significantly damage this vital organ of the body. These variants raised a few eyebrows as the outbreaks have been seen in the vaccinated population. Patients develop severe respiratory illnesses which eventually prove fatal unless treated early.Main BodyStudies have shown that SARS‐CoV‐2 causes the release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α which are mediators of lung inflammation, lung damage, fever, and fibrosis. Additionally, various chemokines have been found to play an important role in the disease progression. A plethora of pro‐inflammatory cytokines “cytokine storm” has been observed in severe cases of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pneumonia that may prove fatal. To counteract cytokine storm‐inducing lung inflammation, several promising immunomodulatory approaches are being investigated in numerous clinical trials. However, the benefits of using these strategies should outweigh the risks involved as the use of certain immunosuppressive approaches might lead the host susceptible to secondary bacterial infections.ConclusionThe present review discusses promising immunomodulatory approaches to manage lung inflammation in COVID‐19 cases which may serve as potential therapeutic options in the future and may prove lifesaving.
Cathelicidin (LL‐37) causes expression of inflammatory factors in coronary artery endothelial cells of Kawasaki disease by activating TLR4–NF‐κB–NLRP3 signaling
Authors: Si Feifei , Lu Yaheng , Wen Yizhou , Chen Tingting , Zhang Yingzi , Yang Yanfeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundKawasaki disease (KD) is a type of vasculitis with an unidentified etiology. Cathelicidin (LL‐37) may be involved in the development of the KD process; therefore, further research to investigate the molecular mechanism of LL‐37 involvement in KD is warranted.MethodsEnzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin (IL)‐1β, NLRP3, and LL‐37 in the sera of healthy subjects, children with KD, and children with pneumonia. Subsequently, human recombinant LL‐37 or/and toll‐like receptors 4 (TLR4)‐specific inhibitor TAK‐242 stimulated human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs), CCK‐8 was used to detect cell proliferation, flow cytometry to detect apoptosis, transmission electron microscopy to observe cytoskeletal changes, Transwell to measure cell migration ability, ELISA to detect inflammatory factor levels, Western blot analysis to analyze protein levels of toll‐like receptors 4 (TLR4) and NF‐κB p‐65, and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) to determine LL‐37, NLRP3 mRNA levels.ResultsIn this study, we found that the level of LL‐37 was highly expressed in the serum of children with KD, and after LL‐37 stimulation, apoptosis was significantly increased in HCAECs, and the expression levels of TLR4, NLRP3 and inflammatory factors in cells were significantly enhanced. Intervention with the TLR4‐specific inhibitor TAK‐242 significantly alleviated the LL‐37 effects on cellular inflammation, TLR4, NLRP3 promotion effect.ConclusionsOur data suggest that LL‐37 induces an inflammatory response in KD coronary endothelial cells via TLR4‐NF‐κB‐NLRP3, providing a potential target for the treatment of KD.
Assessing the acceptability of COVID‐19 vaccine and its booster dose
Authors: Mubarak Sawsan , A'aqoulah Ashraf , AlGhawrie Hadeel , Albalas Samir , Innab Nisreen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveCoronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccinations are essential to control the pandemic and prevent severe COVID‐19 infections. This study aims to assess the acceptability of the COVID‐19 vaccine and the factors that impact the intention to take the COVID‐19 vaccine and its booster dose.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia and Jordan. The study used a self‐administered web‐based survey (questionnaire) for data collection that was distributed via social media platforms from May 2022 to July 2022.ResultsIn this study, among 518 participants, 54.4% had already received two doses of the COVID‐19 vaccine, and out of the participants who didn't receive the booster dose, 19.9% declared a definite willingness to receive it, while 42% had already taken a booster dose, which indicated good acceptance. After adjustment for significant background characteristics, a significant association between the country and receiving the COVID‐19 vaccine, the intention to get the vaccine, and infection with COVID‐19 were found, in addition to a significant association between the country and the participants' opinion that electronic applications helped them to follow their vaccine schedule were found (p < .001). Also, the results showed that participants' attitudes were significantly associated with educational level and age groups (p ≤ .001, p = .032, respectively). There was a significant association between the intention to receive the vaccine booster dose and the country (p < .001). The Saudi participants were willing to get the booster dose seven times more than the Jordanians, furthermore, there was a significant association between taking the vaccine booster dose in the country, as well as age group, working in the medical field, previous COVID‐19 infection, and the intention to vaccinate the children (p < .001, p = .030, .031, .025, < .001, respectively).ConclusionOverall, our results emphasize a positive response and a positive attitude toward COVID‐19 vaccination. In addition, define the groups to be targeted with effective communication regarding the COVID‐19 vaccine and its booster dose.
High‐fat diet aggravates the severity of the in vitro posttraumatic osteoarthritis model through macrophagic FBW7
Authors: Duan Lijun , Ma Yuan , Feng Chen‐Guang , Yu Xing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent and distressing chronic degenerative joint disorder characterized by damaged articular cartilage and inflamed joints. Among risk factors, obesity has emerged as the second‐leading contributor to OA after age. Obesity is believed to play a key role in the development and progression of OA. This study aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obesity in the development of OA. Our findings revealed that HFD could aggravate the destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM)‐induced damage in the mouse model of obesity. Similar results were observed when macrophages obtained from HFD‐fed mice were cocultured with cartilage and subsequently stimulated with interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). Mechanistically, we observed a decrease in the expression of intraarticular macrophagic FBW7, which was implicated in the aggravation of OA in the HFD‐fed animal. Furthermore, by modulating the immune status of macrophages, we found that reversing the macrophagic expression of FBW7 in these cells can alleviate the chondrocyte damage. In conclusion, this study provides novel insights into the pathological mechanisms underlying HFD‐related OA development by identifying the role of FBW7 in synovial macrophages. These findings open up new avenues for research and therapeutic interventions targeting HFD‐related OA.
Distributed autoencoder classifier network for small‐scale and scattered COVID‐19 dataset classification
Authors: Yang Yuan , Zhang Lin , Ren Lei , Wang Xiaohan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn healthcare, small‐scare data are stored with individual entities, such as hospitals, and they are not shared. However, data with one entity are not sufficient for training a machine learning model and therefore cannot be fully utilized. Given that a large amount of small‐scale data is widely distributed between hospitals/individuals, it is necessary to deploy an easy, scalable, and secure distributed computational framework. We aim to aggregate these scattered and small‐scale data to train neural networks and achieve classification and detection on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) datasets. We propose a distributed autoencoder (AE) classifier network for this purpose. It contains a central classifier and multiple distributed AEs. The AEs are used as generators. A local generator uses an actual COVID‐19 computed tomography image as the input and outputs a synthetic image. The well‐trained generator provides an image to train the central classifier model. The central classifier network model learns information from all the generated COVID‐19 data using the distributed AE. Experiments are performed using some COVID‐19 datasets. The distributed AE classifier network outperforms all the models that use a single subset, and its performance is similar to that of a regular classifier. The proposed network solves the problem of using small‐scale and scattered COVID‐19 data to train neural networks while ensuring data privacy. The accuracy of the network is the same as that achieved using the entire data.
Effects of Incretin Therapy on Skeletal Health in Type 2 Diabetes—A Systematic Review
Authors: Viggers Rikke , Rasmussen Nicklas Højgaard‐hessellund , Vestergaard Peter 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTDiabetes poses a significant risk to bone health, with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) having a more detrimental impact than Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The group of hormones known as incretins, which includes gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1), play a role in regulating bowel function and insulin secretion during feeding. GLP‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1 RAs) are emerging as the primary treatment choice in T2D, particularly when atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is present. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP‐4is), although less potent than GLP‐1 RAs, can also be used. Additionally, GLP‐1 RAs, either alone or in combination with GIP, may be employed to address overweight and obesity. Since feeding influences bone turnover, a relationship has been established between incretins and bone health. To explore this relationship, we conducted a systematic literature review following the PRISMA guidelines. While some studies on cells and animals have suggested positive effects of incretins on bone cells, turnover, and bone density, human studies have yielded either no or limited and conflicting results regarding their impact on bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. The effect on fracture risk may vary depending on the choice of comparison drug and the duration of follow‐up, which was often limited in several studies. Nevertheless, GLP‐1 RAs may hold promise for people with T2D who have multiple fracture risk factors and poor metabolic control. Furthermore, a potential new area of interest is the use of GLP‐1 RAs in fracture prevention among overweight and obese people. Based on this systematic review, existing evidence remains insufficient to support a positive or a superior effect on bone health to reduce fracture risk in people with T2D. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Completing the solution of the directed Oberwolfach problem with cycles of equal length
Authors: Lacaze‐Masmonteil Alice 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we give a solution to the last outstanding case of the directed Oberwolfach problem with tables of uniform length. Namely, we address the two‐table case with tables of equal odd length. We prove that the complete symmetric digraph on vertices, denoted , admits a resolvable decomposition into directed cycles of odd length . This completely settles the directed Oberwolfach problem with tables of uniform length.
Gastrointestinal: Distal esophageal squamous papillomatosis in a healthy 47‐year‐old man
Authors: Singh Gurtej , Brooks Kostas G 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA 47‐year‐old man with a background history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and seasonal asthma underwent a gastroscopy for further investigation. Endoscopy revealed numerous polypoid lesions diffusely distributed in the lower third of the esophagus, with histology revealing squamous papilloma with occasional intraepithelial lymphocytes. The diagnosis was esophageal squamous papillomatosis (ESP), which is a rare condition characterized by exophytic and circumferential projections with friable mucosa diffusely spread through the esophagus with unclear etiology and malignancy risk.