bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors Associated with Cervical Cancer: A Matched Case-control
Study
Authors: Refaei Mansoureh , Cheraghi Zahra , Soltani Farzaneh , Khodakarami Batoul 
Published: August 2023

Background:
One of the most effective ways to prevent cervical cancer is to identify the risk factors for the disease.

Objective:
The purpose of this research was to determine the risk factors for cervical cancer in women in Iran.

Methods:
This was a matched case-control study. 105 participants (35 patients with cervical cancer and 70 healthy women) were selected from the registered patients and women attending a women’s specialized hospital in Hamadan, Iran. One case was matched to 2 controls by age (±3 years). Demographic and clinical data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Conditional multivariate logistic regression model and STATA 11 software were used for data analysis.

Results:
The mean age of women in the case and control group were 58.02(12.32) and 58.11(12.25) years (P = 0.486), respectively. Patients had lower education levels (P = 0.037), lower economic status (P˂0.001), and lower spouse education levels (P = 0.009). The results showed OCP users were 8.79 times more likely to develop cervical cancer than women who do not use OCP (P = 0.007), and the probability of cervical cancer in women increased by 8.33 times (<0.001) with decreasing each level of socio-economic status.

Conclusion:
The results of the present study showed low economic status, and a history of using oral contraceptive pills are risk factors for cervical cancer.
Evaluation of an Algorithm for the Segmentation of Lung Nodules in Computerized Tomography Images based on the Automatic Location of a Threshold
Authors: Wang Enguo , Li Jun , Liu Lei , Liu Yankun 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Early detection of pulmonary nodules is critical for the clinical diagnosis and management of pulmonary nodules. Computed tomography imaging
is currently the best imaging method for detecting pulmonary nodules.

Objective:
This study proposes and applies a new thresholding-based method for identifying pulmonary nodules in computed tomography images.

Methods:
The proposed method involves segmenting the lung volume and identifying candidate nodules based on their intensity levels, which are higher than
those of the lung parenchyma. Reference points on the histogram curve are used to determine a threshold value, and filtering by geometric
characteristics is applied to reduce false positives. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on a training set consisting of 35 nodules
distributed among 16 cases with ground truth using the SPIE-AAPM Lung CT Challenge Database and ELCAP Public Lung Image Database.

Results:
The proposed method shows a significant reduction in false positives, filtering from an average of 12,380 candidate nodules to 19 detected nodules.
The method also demonstrates a sensitivity of 88.6% for detecting pulmonary nodules with an error of 1 nodule in cases where complete detection
is not reached.

Conclusion:
The proposed thresholding-based method improves the sensitivity of identifying pulmonary nodules in computed tomography images while
reducing false positives.
COVID-19 Research, Public Health and Biomedical Basis
Authors: Lu Da-Yong , Lu Ting-Ren 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
The coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2) greatly impacts the world. Despite
great biomedical efforts, approximately 30-50% global population was at least once infected with
COVID. Human life expectancy is reduced by COVID-19 epidemics worldwide.

:
It is indispensable to prevent and treat COVID-19 as effectively as possible. In order to well prevent
and treat the coronavirus infection, clinical diagnostic or therapeutic paradigms should be updated.
Since the outside condition of COVID-19 prevention is imbalanced among regions and countries,
global prevention and treatment action should be aimed.

:
Despite global vaccination for COVID, a significant proportion of humans still constantly exposes and
infected with viruses. Advanced viral biological knowledge and vaccine techniques can alleviate viral
spread and promote therapeutics. Universal and specific preventive and treatment paradigms should be
designed, integrated, and introduced.

:
The origin and hidden nature of COVID-19 biology and pathogenesis are broadly understood now. Viral
vaccines, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and personalized medicine are progressing rapidly.
Many viral vaccines and personalized medicine should be especially emphasized.

:
To speed up global efforts against COVID-19, new knowledge and breakthroughs of viral transmissibility,
vaccine technique innovation, diagnostic widening, and therapeutic variability worldwide are
discussed. Different strategic platforms and landscapes can reach different outcomes. By facilitating
global machinery against different variants of COVID, viral-induced socioeconomic burden and imbalance
could be reduced.
TNF-α Pretreated Hematopoietic Stem Cells Inhibit the Migration and
Inflammatory Response of HUVECs and Attenuate GVHD
Authors: Sun Jilei , Zhou Tingting , Qin Shiyuan , Zhang Yaolei , Yang Yong , Wei Zhitao 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Hematologic diseases have seriously threatened human health. Although hematopoietic
stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is an effective curative option, the complications, especially
graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), are a big problem

Methods:
TNF-α pretreatment of hematopoietic stem cells. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,
Transwell, and wound healing assays were used to assess cell migration and invasion, E-selectin expression
was observed by fluorescence imaging, the levels of NO were measured by a kit, the expression of Ecadherin,
MMP2, and MMP9 was detected in cells by qRT-PCR, and western blot was used to analyze
the expression of E-cadherin, CXCL12, MCP-1, MCP-3, MMP2, and MMP9.

Results:
TNF-α induces a high apoptosis rate of CD3, CD19, and CD133 and a low apoptosis rate of
CD34. The level of Fas and TNF-R1 was significantly high than that of TNF-R2. HSCs treated with TNF-
α declined the invasion and migration of HUVECs. E-selectin, MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA levels of HUVECs
and MMP2, CXCL12, MCP-1, and MCP-3 were decreased after HSCs-TNF-α treatment, while the
E-cadherin mRNA and protein level of HUVECs was enhanced with HSCs-TNF-α treatment.

Conclusion:
TNF-α pretreated HSCs can lead to reduced levels of migration, adhesion, and chemokines
of HUVECs, thereby declining the inflammatory response and GVHD.
Development of a Novel Lipid Metabolism-related Gene Prognostic Signature
for Patients with Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Zhan Jing , Cen Wei , Zhu Junchang , Ye Yunliang 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The purpose of this study was to explore the expression profiles of lipid
metabolism-related genes in patients with Colorectal Cancer (CRC).

Methods:
The lipid metabolism statuses of CRC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)
were analyzed. Risk characteristics were constructed by univariate Cox regression and minimum
Absolute contraction and Selection Operator (LASSO) Cox regression. A histogram was constructed
based on factors such as age, sex, TNM stage, T stage, N stage, and risk score to provide a visual tool
for clinicians to predict the probability of 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year OS for CRC patients. By determining
Area Under Curve (AUC) values, the time-dependent Receiver Operating characteristic
Curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the efficiency of our model in predicting prognosis.

Results:
A novel risk signal based on lipid metabolism-related genes was constructed to predict
the survival of CRC patients. Risk characteristics were shown to be an independent prognostic
factor in CRC patients (p <0.001). There were significant differences in the abundance and immune
characteristics of tumor-filtering immune cells between high-risk and low-risk groups. The
nomogram had a high potential for clinical application and the ROC AUC value was 0.827. Moreover,
ROC analysis demonstrated that the nomogram model was more accurate to predict the survival
of CRC patients than age, gender, stage and risk score.

Conclusion:
In this study, we demonstrated a lipid metabolism-related genes prognosis biomarker
associated with the tumor immune micro-environment in patients with CRC.
Prospection of Therapeutic Agents Targeting Aurora Kinase, a Protein in
the Treatment of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: da Lima Ana Beatriz , Mesquita Felipe Pantoja , Souza Pedro Filho Noronha , Montenegro Raquel Carvalho , de Andrade Claudia Roberta 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is characterized by an imbalance in the production and development of hematopoietic lymphoid cells, a malignant disease capable of affecting the proliferation-selection of hematopoietic cells. The Aurora kinase A protein participates in several steps of the mitosis process. Its deregulation can trigger the process of carcinogenesis, which has become a therapeutic target of interest for computational prediction and the development of inhibitory drugs. Studies report its overexpression in malignant cells of patients with ALL.

Objective:
The present study aims to prospect new molecules to identify a potential inhibitor of Au-rora kinase A for the pharmaceutical market.

Methodology:
Virtual screening and molecular docking study was performed using the MCULE and DockThor web servers. The pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profile of the molecules were evaluated using the Swiss ADME and ProTox-II programs were used.

Results:
Ten molecules were identified by virtual screening, in which only two, MCULE-349 and MCULE-796, showed the best score, binding, at the site of action of the protein, interacting positively with amino acids, lipid-soluble molecules with low toxicity and with violation of only 1 Lipinski rule.

Conclusion:
Both molecules interact with the site of action, acting as inhibitors or blockers of the catalytic site, becoming potential Aurora kinase A inhibitors and anticancer molecules.
Real-World User Demographics of Three Web-Based Digital Mental Health Interventions Provided by the US Department of Veterans Affairs: Observational Study Using Web Analytics Data
Authors: Ryan Arthur T , Stearns-Yoder Kelly A , Brenner Lisa A 
Published: August 2023

Background
Unguided digital mental health interventions (UDMHIs) have the potential to provide low-cost and effective mental health care at scale. Controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of UDMHIs to address mental health symptoms and conditions. However, few previous publications have described the demographics of real-world users of UDMHIs that are freely available to the public. The US Department of Veterans Affairs has created and hosts several UDMHIs on its Veteran Training Portal website. These web-based, free-to-use, and publicly available UDMHIs include Path to Better Sleep, Anger and Irritability Management Skills, and Moving Forward, which focus on insomnia, problematic anger, and depression symptoms, respectively.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the user demographics of these 3 UDMHIs in the year 2021. In addition, it aimed to compare the age and gender distribution of the users of those 3 UDMHIs with one another and with the age and gender distribution of the total US veteran population.

Methods
Google Analytics was used to collect user data for each of the 3 UDMHIs. The age and gender distribution of the users of each UDMHI was compared with that of the other UDMHIs as well as with that of the overall US veteran population using chi-square tests. Information on the total number of users, the country they were in, and the devices they used to access the UDMHIs was also collected and reported.

Results
In 2021, the 3 UDMHIs together recorded 29,306 unique users. The estimated age range and gender were available for 24.12% (7068/29,306) of those users. Each UDMHI’s age and gender distribution significantly differed from that of the other UDMHIs and from that of the overall US veteran population (P<.001 on all chi-square tests). Women and younger age groups were overrepresented among UDMHI users compared with the overall US veteran population. The majority of devices used to access the UDMHIs were desktop or laptop devices, although a substantial proportion of devices used were mobile devices (10,199/29,752, 34.28%). Most users (27,789/29,748, 93.41%) were located in the United States, with users from Canada, the United Kingdom, and Australia accounting for another 2.61% (775/29,748) of total users.

Conclusions
Our use of Google Analytics data provided useful information about the users of 3 free and publicly available UDMHIs provided by the US Department of Veterans Affairs. Although our findings should be considered in light of the limitations of autonomously collected web analytics data, they still offer useful information for health care policy makers, administrators, and UDMHI developers.
The Effectiveness of Blended Learning for Dermatology Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Silva Cristiana , Vasconcellos Cidia , Souza Murilo Barreto , Fernandes Juliana Dumet , Rego Vitoria Regina de Almeida Pedreira 
Published: August 2023

Background
Novel internet-based applications and associated technologies have influenced all aspects of our society, ranging from areas of commerce and business to entertainment and health care. Education is no exception. In this context, this study was designed to evaluate the impact of a dermatology e-learning program on the academic performance of medical students.

Objective
We aimed to develop a dermatology blended learning course for undergraduate medical students and compare the knowledge gained by students who took this course to those who attended traditional classes.

Methods
This prospective study evaluated the performance of fourth-semester medical students from the Federal University of Bahia, Brazil. A total of 129 students were selected and divided into 2 groups. The first group (n=57) attended traditional classes and used printed material (books and handouts). The second group (n=72) took our e-learning course and used an e-book as a supplement in a hybrid setting comprising online plus traditional learning. Each course was evaluated with multiple-choice, paper-based tests that were administered at the beginning and end of the course.

Results
Although the precourse tests did not show any difference between the traditional and hybrid groups (mean 2.74, SD 1.25 vs mean 3.2, SD 1.22), students attending the hybrid course had better final term grades (mean 8.18, SD 1.26) than those who attended traditional classes (mean 7.11, SD 1.04). This difference was statistically significant (P<.05).

Conclusions
The results suggest that the performance of undergraduate students who took a course supplemented with e-learning material was superior to those who attended a traditional course alone.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
Pengalaman Pengguna dalam Memanfaatkan Learning Space Perpustakaan
Authors: Wiyarsih Wiyarsih , Widarto Ismu , Fathurohmah Masrumi 
Published: August 2023

Desain ruang dan perabot perpustakaan yang masih terkesan formal dan kaku dapat mengakibatkan pengguna perpustakaan (pemustaka) enggan untuk datang ke perpustakaan, apalagi untuk berlama-lama di perpustakaan. Salah satu upaya agar perpustakaan mempunyai daya tarik adalah menciptakan perpustakaan yang dilengkapi dengan ruang belajar (learning space) yang nyaman dan menarik bagi mahasiswa agar mereka tertarik dan betah di perpustakaan. Untuk mendukung ekosistem pembelajaran yang kreatif dan inovatif, Perpustakaan MIPA, Universitas Gadjah Mada telah menyediakan fasilitas learning space. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengalaman pengguna dalam memanfaatkan learning space Perpustakaan Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan pada bulan April sampai dengan Oktober 2022 yang bertempat di Perpustakaan Fakultas MIPA UGM. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara terhadap 22 informan,serta dokumentasi, dan observasi di lapangan. Analisis data menggunakan analisis kualitatif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fasilitas learning space sudah baik, lengkap, memadai, dan memenuhi kebutuhan informan. Learning space digunakan untuk berbagai aktivitas akademik terutama untuk mengerjakan tugas dan belajar. Learning space sangat penting dan bermanfaat serta berdampak positif bagi mahasiswa. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa semua informan mempunyai pengalaman pengguna yang positif terhadap learning space Perpustakaan Fakultas MIPA UGM. Semakin banyak mahasiswa yang belajar di perpustakaan maka learning space perlu ditambah dan diperluas.
Layanan Perpustakaan Pasca Covid-19 di Perpustakaan Pusat dan Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Gadjah Mada
Authors: Suciati Uminurida 
Published: August 2023

Kondisi pandemi COVID -19 sebagai kondisi darurat kesehatan masyarakat di seluruh dunia, diperlukan
mitigasi kebencanaan akan ketersediaan literatur tentang pandemi dan dampaknya terhadap perpustakaan
akan terus meningkat. Tulisan ini membahas proses tahun terakhir 2021 hingga September 2022 dalam
mengembangkan layanan perpustakaan yang sederhana dan memberi gambaran yang lebih luas tentang
program dan inisiatif kegiatan pustakawan sebelum, selama, dan pandemi COVID-19 normal (November
2021 – September 2022). Program dan inisiatif kegiatan pustakawan selama pandemi menunjukkan bahwa
karakteristik akses ruang yang dibatasi oleh langkah - langkah keamanan protokol kesehatan, digitalisasi
koleksi, dan layanan online. Penulisan ini juga mengkaji inisiatif dan program tahun sebelumnya serta
membahas prosedur “new normal” tahap selanjutnya. Tulisan ini akan memberikan wawasan tentang
bagaimana Perpustakaan Pusat UGM dan Perpustakaan Fakultas Peternakan UGM menanggapi pandemi
baru - baru ini, dan menginformasikan aktivitas perpustakaan dan upaya untuk lebih siap mengambil tindakan
penting, cepat, dan tegas di era pasca COVID-19.
Tainted Executives as Outside Directors
Authors: Baer Leah M. , Ertimur Yonca , Zhang Jingjing 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
We examine outside board appointments of executives allegedly involved in governance failures—“tainted” executives—to shed light on appointing firms’ underlying motivations. Less attractive firms and those with greater advising needs are more likely to appoint tainted executives to their boards than other firms are. Tainted appointees are less likely to be placed on the nominating and governance committees than nontainted appointees. Tainted appointees have similar or better skill sets compared with nontainted appointees. Firms that appoint tainted executives to their boards display an improvement in operating performance in the postappointment period relative to the preappointment period and relative to a matched control sample. We do not find evidence of poor monitoring outcomes for these firms. Overall, our evidence suggests that board needs, not a conspicuous attempt to weaken monitoring, drive the appointment of tainted executives to boards.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: G34; K22; M41.
The Usefulness of Credit Ratings for Accounting Fraud Prediction
Authors: Huang Allen H. , Kraft Pepa , Wang Shiheng 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
This study examines whether and when credit ratings are useful for accounting fraud prediction. We find that negative rating actions by Standard & Poor’s (S&P), an issuer-paid credit rating agency (CRA), have predictive ability for fraud incremental to fraud prediction models (e.g., F-score) and other market participants. In contrast, rating actions by Egan-Jones Rating Company (EJR), an investor-paid CRA relying on public information, have less predictive ability, which is subsumed by S&P and other market participants. Our results are robust to including firms not covered by EJR, using only rating downgrades, controlling for firm characteristics, and using alternative benchmarks. We also find that the ability of negative S&P rating actions to predict fraud becomes stronger after the 2008–2009 financial crisis. Last, compared with EJR, S&P is quicker to take negative rating actions against fraud firms. In sum, our results suggest that issuer-paid CRAs’ information advantage helps predict accounting fraud.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL classifications: G24; K22; M41.
STRATEGI PENYULUH AGAMA DALAM MENGHADAPI JUDI ONLINE DI KALANGAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Putra Martias 
Published: August 2023

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan peran penyuluh agama Islam dalam menghadapi judi online di kalangan masyarakat desa Koto Lanang, dengan menggunakan instrumen pendekatan sebagai dasar berfikir. Pelaksanan judi online dalam pandangan masyarakat dianggap sangat mengganggu proses pendidikan para generasi muda sehingga ini menjadi keresahan penyuluh agama dan masyarakat untuk bisa menghentikan judi online. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif kualitatif, pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan analisis etnolinguistik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tradisi judi online ini terjadi sejak anak muda mulai mengenal handphone android, kemudian belum tampak secara signifikan peran penyuluh agama, hal ini dapat dilihat bahwa bentuk tradisi judi online masih kental dilestarikan oleh masyarakat desa Koto Lanang bahkan pemainnya para orang tua. Sehingga, sampai sekarang judi online masih tetap ada di tengah masyarakat maka perlu upaya yang lebih maksimal dari penyuluh agama.Kata kunci: Penyuluh Agama, Judi Online AbstracThe purpose of this study was to describe the role of Islamic religious instructors in dealing with online gambling among the Koto Lanang village community, using an approach instrument as a basis for thinking. The implementation of online gambling in the public's view is considered to be very disruptive to the educational process of the younger generation so that this has become a concern for religious educators and the public to be able to stop online gambling. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, collecting data through interviews, observation, documentation and ethnolinguistic analysis. Based on the results of research on this online gambling tradition, it has been going on since young people started to get to know android mobile phones, then the role of religious instructors has not been seen significantly. So, until now online gambling still exists in the community, so it needs maximum efforts from religious educators.Keywords: Religious Counselors, Online Gambling