bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between competition sprint cycling power and endurance power are high across ALL durations and energetic pathways
Authors: Ferguson Hamish , Harnish Chris , Klich Sebastian , Michalik Kamil , Dunst Anna Katharina , Zhou Tony , Chase J. Geoffrey 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigates associations between power at several durations to show inter- relationships of power across a range of durations in sprint track cyclists. The currently-accepted hypothesis peak power holds a near perfect relationship with sprint performance, and thus a near 1:1 slope with power at sprint durations up to 30-s, is tested. The equally well-accepted and complementary hypothesis there is no strong association with power over longer durations is also tested. 56 data sets from 27 cyclists (21 male, 6 female) provided maximal power for durations from 1-s to 20-min. Peak power values are compared to assess strength of correlation (R2), and any relationship (slope) across every level. R2between 15-s – 30-s power and durations from 1-s to 20-min remained high (R2≥ 0.83). Despite current assumptions around 1-s power, our data shows this relationship is stronger around competition durations, and 1-s power also still shared strong relationships with longer durations out to 20-min. Slopes for relationships shorter durations were closer to a 1:1 relationship than longer durations, but closer to long- duration slopes than to a 1:1 line. The present analyses contradicts both well-accepted hypotheses, and the concept of peak power being a primary metric for sprint cycling, based on very strong relationships to power from durations commonly associated with oxidative energetic pathways, as well as short durations. This study shows the importance and potential of training durations from 1-s to 20-min over a preparation period to improve competition sprint cycling performance.
Zinc nano-fertilization enhances wheat productivity and biofortification
Authors: Yadav Achchhelal , Krishnan Pramila , Kundu Monika , Bana Ram Swaroop , Shaloo  , Choudhary Anil K. , Shivay Y.S. , Meena Samrath Lal , Begam Shbana , Godara Samarth , Ranjan Rajeev , Kumar Sudhir , Yadav Sunita , Nain M.S. , Singh Teekam , Yadav Abhijeet , Raj Rishi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractZinc (Zn) malnutrition has emerged as one of the major health challenges in developing nations across the globe. Development of Zn management protocols in staple food crops using modern scientific tools to enhance Zn concentration in grains along with augmented crop yields became utmost necessary. In this context a 2-year experiment was carried out to assess the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) vis-à-vis bulk zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) on wheat growth, yield and Zn concentration in plant parts. Four levels of application of ZnO-NPs (0, 20, 25 and 30 mg kg-1) were compared with ZnSO4(equal to Zinc concentration in ZnO-NPs). Results revealed that seed vigor was significantly (p <0.05) higher under 25 and 30 mg kg-1soil ZnO-NPs treatments over ZnSO4. Among the crop yield parameters such as tillers (plant-1), grain weight (plant-1), biomass (plant-1) and grain yield were significantly (p <0.05) higher under ZnO-NPs 25 mg kg-1treated soil as compared to any other treatment. Zinc concentration in grains increased with dose of ZnO-NPs and it was significantly more than ZnSO4treated soil at each treatment level. ZnO-NPs and ZnSO4treatments did not affect photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll (SPAD) content significantly. In conclusion, 25 mg kg-1ZnO-NPs application could be recommended in wheat cultivation to improve growth, yield and grain Zn biofortification.
Discovery of lipid binding sites in a ligand-gated ion channel by integrating simulations and cryo-EM
Authors: Bergh Cathrine , Rovšnik Urška , Howard Rebecca J. , Lindahl Erik 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLigand-gated ion channels transduce electrochemical signals in neurons and other excitable cells. Aside from canonical ligands, phospholipids are thought to bind specifically to the transmembrane domain of several ion channels. However, structural details of such lipid contacts remain elusive, partly due to limited resolution of these regions in experimental structures. Here, we discovered multiple lipid interactions in the channel GLIC by integrating cryo-electron microscopy and large-scale molecular simulations. We identified 25 bound lipids in the GLIC closed state, a conformation where none, to our knowledge, were previously known. Three lipids were associated with each subunit in the inner leaflet, including a buried interaction disrupted in mutant simulations. In the outer leaflet, two intrasubunit sites were evident in both closed and open states, while a putative intersubunit site was preferred in open-state simulations. This work offers molecular details of GLIC-lipid contacts particularly in the ill-characterized closed state, testable hypotheses for state-dependent binding, and a multidisciplinary strategy for modeling protein-lipid interactions.
A bioinformatics screen reveals Hox and chromatin remodeling factors at theDrosophilahistone locus
Authors: Hodkinson Lauren J. , Smith Connor , Comstra H. Skye , Albanese Eric H. , Ajani Bukola A. , Arsalan Kawsar , Daisson Alvero Perez , Forrest Katherine B. , Fox Elijah H. , Guerette Matthew R. , Khan Samia , Koenig Madeleine P. , Lam Shivani , Lewandowski Ava S. , Mahoney Lauren J. , Manai Nasserallah , Miglay JonCarlo , Miller Blake A. , Milloway Olivia , Ngo Vu D. , Oey Nicole F. , Punjani Tanya A. , SiMa HaoMin , Zeng Hollis , Schmidt Casey A. , Rieder Leila E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCells orchestrate histone biogenesis with strict temporal and quantitative control. To efficiently regulate histone biogenesis, the repetitiveDrosophila melanogasterreplication-dependent histone genes are arrayed and clustered at a single locus. Regulatory factors concentrate in a nuclear body known as the histone locus body (HLB), which forms around the locus. Historically, HLB factors are largely discovered by chance, and few are known to interact directly with DNA. It is therefore unclear how the histone genes are specifically targeted for unique and coordinated regulation. To expand the list of known HLB factors, we performed a candidate-based screen by mapping 30 publicly available ChIP datasets and 27 factors to theDrosophilahistone gene array. We identified novel transcription factor candidates, including theDrosophilaHox proteins Ultrabithorax, Abdominal-A and Abdominal-B, suggesting a new pathway for these factors in influencing body plan morphogenesis. Additionally, we identified six other transcription factors that target the histone gene array: JIL-1, Hr78, the long isoform of fs(1)h as well as the generalized transcription factors TAF-1, TFIIB, and TFIIF. Our foundational screen provides several candidates for future studies into factors that may influence histone biogenesis. Further, our study emphasizes the powerful reservoir of publicly available datasets, which can be mined as a primary screening technique.
Sterol derivative binding to the orthosteric site causes conformational changes in an invertebrate Cys-loop receptor
Authors: De Gieter Steven , Wijckmans Eveline , Pasini Diletta , Ulens Chris , Efremov Rouslan G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCys-loop receptors or pentameric ligand-gated ion channels are mediators of electrochemical signaling throughout the animal kingdom. Because of their critical function in neurotransmission and high potential as drug targets, Cys-loop receptors from humans and closely related organisms have been thoroughly investigated, whereas molecular mechanisms of neurotransmission in invertebrates are less understood. When compared with vertebrates, the invertebrate genomes underwent a drastic expansion in the number of the nACh-like genes associated with receptors of unknown function. Understanding this diversity contributes to better insight into the evolution and possible functional divergence of these receptors. In this work, we studied orphan receptor Alpo4 from an extreme thermophile wormAlvinella pompejana. Sequence analysis points towards its remote relation to characterized nACh receptors. We solved the first cryo-EM structure of a lophotrochozoan nACh-like receptor in which a CHAPS molecule is tightly bound to the orthosteric site. We show that the binding of CHAPS leads to extending of the loop C at the orthosteric site and a clockwise quaternary twist between extracellular and transmembrane domains. Both the ligand binding site and the channel pore reveal unique features. These include a conserved Trp residue in loop B of the ligand binding site which is flipped into an apparent self-liganded state in the apo structure. The ion pore of Alpo4 is tightly constricted by a ring of methionines near the extracellular entryway of the channel pore. Our data provide a structural basis for a functional understanding of Alpo4 and hints towards new strategies for designing specific channel modulators.
Distinctive and complementary roles of E2F transcription factors during plant replication stress responses
Authors: Nisa Maherun , Eekhout Thomas , Bergis Clara , Pedroza-Garcia Jose-Antonio , He Xiaoning , Mazubert Christelle , Vercauteren Ilse , Brik-Chaouche Rim , Drouin-Wahbi Jeannine , Latrasse David , Bergounioux Catherine , Vandepoele Klaas , Benhamed Moussa , De Veylder Lieven , Raynaud Cécile 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSurvival of living organisms is fully dependent on their maintenance of genome integrity, being permanently threatened by replication stress in proliferating cells. Although the plant DNA damage response (DDR) regulator SOG1 has been demonstrated to cope with replicative defects, accumulating evidence points to other pathways functioning independently of SOG1. Here, we have studied the role of the Arabidopsis E2FA and EF2B transcription factors, two well-characterized regulators of DNA replication, in the response to replication stress. Through a combination of reverse genetics and chromatin-immunoprecipitation approaches, we show that E2FA and E2FB share many target genes with SOG1, providing evidence for their involvement in the DDR. Analysis of double and triple mutant combinations revealed that E2FB, rather than E2FA, plays the most prominent role in sustaining growth in the presence of replicative defects, either operating antagonistically or synergistically with SOG1. Reversely, SOG1 aids in overcoming the replication defects of E2FA/E2FB-deficient plants. Our data reveal a complex transcriptional network controlling the replication stress response, in which both E2Fs and SOG1 act as key regulatory factors.ONE-SENTENCE SUMMARYThe Arabidopsis E2FA and EF2B transcription factors differently contribute to the plant’s response to DNA replication defects in a cooperative way with the DNA damage response regulator SOG1.
D-type K+ current controls the function of electrically coupled neurons in a species-specific fashion
Authors: Dapino Antonella , Davoine Federico , Curti Sebastian 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTElectrical synapses supported by gap junctions, are known to form networks of electrically coupled neurons in many regions of the mammalian brain, where they play relevant functional roles. Yet, how electrical coupling support sophisticated network operations, and the contribution of the intrinsic electrophysiological properties of neurons to these operations, remains incompletely understood. Here, comparative analysis of electrically coupled mesencephalic trigeminal (MesV) neurons, uncovered remarkable difference in the operation of these networks in highly related species. While spiking of MesV neurons might support the recruitment of coupled cells in rats, this rarely occurs in mice. Using whole-cell recordings, we determined that the higher efficacy in postsynaptic recruitment in rat’s MesV neurons does not result from coupling strength of larger magnitude, but instead from the higher excitability of coupled neurons. Consistently, MesV neurons from rats present a lower threshold current for activation, more hyperpolarized firing level as well as a higher ability to generate repetitive discharges, in comparison to their counterparts from mice. This difference in neuronal excitability results from a significantly higher magnitude of the D-type K+ current (ID) in MesV neurons from mice, indicating that the expression level of this current gates the recruitment of postsynaptic coupled neurons. Since MesV neurons are primary afferents critically involved in the organization of orofacial behaviors, such mechanism might support lateral excitation, by which activation of single neurons at the periphery can spread to coupled partners. Thus, by amplifying sensory inputs, lateral excitation may significantly contribute to information processing and organization of motor outputs.
Long timescale anti-directional rotation inDrosophilaoptomotor behavior
Authors: Mano Omer , Choi Minseung , Tanaka Ryosuke , Creamer Matthew S. , Matos Natalia C.B. , Shomar Joseph , Badwan Bara A. , Clandinin Thomas R. , Clark Damon A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLocomotor movements cause visual images to be displaced across the eye, a retinal slip that is counteracted by stabilizing reflexes in many animals. In insects, optomotor turning causes the animal to turn in the direction of rotating visual stimuli, thereby reducing retinal slip and stabilizing trajectories through the world. This behavior has formed the basis for extensive dissections of motion vision. Here, we report that under certain stimulus conditions, twoDrosophilaspecies, including the widely studiedD. melanogaster, can suppress and even reverse the optomotor turning response over several seconds. Such ‘anti-directional turning’ is most strongly evoked by long-lasting, high-contrast, slow-moving visual stimuli that are distinct from those that promote syn-directional optomotor turning. Anti-directional turning, like the syn-directional optomotor response, requires the local motion detecting neurons T4 and T5. A subset of lobula plate tangential cells, CH cells, show involvement in these responses. Imaging from a variety of direction-selective cells in the lobula plate shows no evidence of dynamics that match the behavior, suggesting that the observed inversion in turning direction emerges downstream of the lobula plate. Further, anti-directional turning declines with age and exposure to light. These results show thatDrosophilaoptomotor turning behaviors contain rich, stimulus-dependent dynamics that are inconsistent with simple reflexive stabilization responses.
When do we share knowledge? A mixed-methods study of helping behaviors and HR management practices
Authors: Gonçalves Tiago , Curado Carla , Martsenyuk Natalia 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this work is to investigate the relationship between human resources management practices (HRMP) and altruistic helping behaviors (HB) with knowledge sharing behavior (KSB) following a theoretical rationale supported by the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Social Exchange Theory.Design/methodology/approachThe study explores linear and non-linear relationships between the variables to further understand knowledge sharing in the context of prosocial behaviors. The study sample gathers data from 130 employees coming from service sector companies operating in Portugal. The authors analyze the linear relationship following a structural equation model (SEM) approach using a partial least squares (PLS) analysis. Then, the authors conduct a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to analyze non-linear relationships and provide insight over circumstances where the presence and absence of knowledge sharing behavior is achieved.FindingsQuantitative findings show that HRMP positively impacts KSB outcomes. Similarly, HB also positively impacts KSB. Qualitative findings show a single configuration leading to the presence of KSB, corroborating the quantitative results. On the other hand, findings offer multiple alternative configurations leading to the absence of KSB.Originality/valueFew studies explore the complex combination between HRMP and individual HB impacting knowledge sharing, with lesser studies discussing circumstances leading to the absence of KSB. We explore a) the linear influence of HB and HRMP and, b) their asymmetric combined influence along with employee demographics to better understand KSB complexity – ensuring a conceptual and managerial contribution driving future work and practices.
A real effect across time: disclosure quality, cost of capital and profitability
Authors: Cai Cynthia Weiyi 
Published: January 2023

PurposeIn the presence of “real effects” of disclosure in a production economy, this research aims to investigate the link between disclosure and cost of capital relating to different time periods: namely the post-disclosure cost of capital (the cost of capital subsequent to disclosure), the pre-disclosure cost of capital (the cost of capital for the period leading up to disclosure) and the overall cost of capital (the cost of capital across both periods). The author also extends the analysis to whether and how in the presence of a real effect of disclosure, investors' ex ante welfare might be affected.Design/methodology/approachThis research is conducted via stylized models.FindingsThe author demonstrates that, first, in contrast to findings in a pure-exchange economy, in a production-based economy where disclosure affects firms' investment decisions, both the overall cost of capital and the investors' ex ante welfare can be affected by disclosure quality. As disclosure quality improves, the post-disclosure cost of capital may either increase or decrease, as may the pre-disclosure cost of capital. The change in the post-disclosure cost of capital is not fully offset by the change in the pre-disclosure cost of capital, and therefore the overall cost of capital can either increase or decrease. Second, a firm's profitability of existing and new production are critical factors in determining whether cost of capital increases or decreases with disclosure quality. The author characterizes conditions under which higher disclosure quality increases or decreases the disclosing firm's cost of capital over different time periods. Third, when disclosure affects interrelated firms' production decisions, the disclosing firm's overall cost of capital changes with disclosure quality, even when the marginal (unconditional) distribution of the disclosing firm's cash flow is not affected by the disclosure.Originality/valueThis research contributes to a largely unexplored but important area: the real effect of disclosure on the cost of capital.
The role of supply chain alignment in coping with resource dependency in blockchain adoption: empirical evidence from China
Authors: Guan Wei , Ding Wenhong , Zhang Bobo , Verny Jerome 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe deployment of blockchain technology (BT) throughout the supply chain is usually led by large firms that dominate the supply chain. Leading firms can encourage other resource-constrained partners to get on board by providing technical and financial support. However, due to the uncertain consequences of relying on leading firms, these partners may still be reluctant to adopt BT. Drawing on resource dependence theory, this study aims to investigate whether and when supply chain alignment can be used as a dependency coping strategy to increase the willingness of resource-constrained partners to adopt BT. Moreover, it aims to examine the motivators for supply chain alignment.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a survey research design and collected data from 364 small and medium-sized enterprises in China.FindingsSupply chain alignment positively affects BT adoption. The effect of supply chain alignment on BT adoption is contingent on guanxi (a Chinese cultural tradition of interpersonal connections that facilitate a mutual exchange of favors). Relative advantage, technology complexity, organizational readiness and cost are motivators for supply chain alignment. Supply chain alignment mediates the effect of cost, technology complexity and relative advantage on BT adoption.Originality/valueThis research addresses the problem of resource dependency in the context of BT adoption which has been overlooked by previous research. Moreover, this paper enriches the BT literature by identifying supply chain alignment as an important channel for technology–organization–environment factors to influence BT adoption.
Shared leadership in integrated care networks: the case of “hub and spoke” networks in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) in the English NHS
Authors: Willcocks Steve , Willcocks Edward Joshua 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore leadership in the context of the hub and spoke network in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) in the English National Health Service (NHS).Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a conceptual paper using literature relating to the antecedents of shared leadership and relevant policy documents pertaining to both NHS policy and the development of OMFS. The paper is informed, theoretically by the conceptual lens of shared leadership.FindingsThe paper identifies the challenges that may be faced by policymakers and those involved in the hub and spoke network in developing shared leadership. It also reveals the implications for policymakers in developing shared leadership.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is conceptual. It is acknowledged that this is a preliminary study and further work will be required to test the conceptual framework empirically. The paper discusses the policy implications of developing leadership in the hub and spoke network. As networks are of interest internationally this has wider relevance to other countries.Originality/valueThere is limited research on the antecedents of shared leadership. In addition, the conceptual framework is applied to a new policy context.
Thermodynamical interactions in a rotating functionally graded semiconductor material with gravity
Authors: Sheoran Devender , Yadav Komal , Punia Baljit Singh , Kalkal Kapil Kumar 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the transient effects in a functionally graded photo-thermoelastic (TE) medium with gravity and rotation by considering two generalised TE theories: Lord–Shulman (LS) and Green–Lindsay (GL). The governing equations are derived in rectangular Cartesian coordinates for a two dimensional problem.Design/methodology/approachAll the physical properties of the semiconductor are supposed to vary exponentially with distance. The analytical solution is procured by employing normal mode technique on the resulting non-dimensional coupled field equations with appropriate boundary conditions.FindingsFor the mechanically loaded thermally insulated surface, normal displacement, stress components, temperature distribution and carrier density are calculated numerically with the help of MATLAB software for a silicon semiconductor and displayed graphically. Some particular cases of interest have also been deduced from the present results.Originality/valueThe effects of rotation and non-homogeneity on the different physical fields are investigated on the basis of analytical and numerical results. Comparisons are made with the results predicted by GL theory in the presence and absence of gravity for different values of time. Comparisons are also made between the three theories in the presence of rotation, gravity and in-homogeneity. Such problems are very important in many dynamical systems.