bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How Government Efficiency Shapes Political Trust: Evidence from the Case of Brexit
Authors: Hansen Frederik Godt 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGovernment competence in delivering outcomes is often regarded as foundational to political trust. However, in this article, a different competence dynamic is proposed; specifically, whether political trust is related to government efficiency in achieving promised policy objectives. This article argues that when policy objectives are polarizing, the effect of efficiency on political trust is conditional on whether individuals support or oppose the objective. Using the case of Brexit, where the promised policy objective of leaving the European Union was polarizing, it is hypothesized that Leave voters relative to Remain voters became more trusting in cases of efficiency and less trusting in cases of inefficiency. The predictions are supported through a difference-in-differences analysis of unique real-world data over time from the British Election Study. The findings have important implications for our understanding of Brexit and also inform how political trust relates to government competence in the case of polarizing political issues.
Thoreau, Parrhesia, and the Socratic Tradition of Philosophy
Authors: Hosseini Reza 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMost objections against Henry Thoreau aim at his “unfriendly” provocations. In this article, I argue that we need to situate his exhortative style in the context of practicing parrhesia or the bold expression of truth in the Socratic tradition of philosophy. Philosophical parrhesia can be defined as the practice of speaking the truth with an eye to bringing home the realization that one must change one's life. The transformation Thoreau has in mind is hinged upon acquiring the practical knowledge of cultivating the senses through what he calls “excursion.” This, I argue, is his key contribution to the said tradition.
Noble-Bourgeois Elites in an Age of Revolutions, c. 1790–1850
Authors: Caruso Amerigo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on the shift toward post-revolutionary politics supported by reform-minded aristocratic clans and their bourgeois allies. Using the example of the Balbo family – one of the leading aristocratic families in Sardinia-Piedmont – I will argue that the quest for stability and pragmatism is crucial to understanding the political, cultural, and ideological reorientations within the noble-bourgeois elites in the first age of global revolutions. Family history is a lens through which it is possible to look afresh at this vital period of social transformations, state expansion, and political modernization. The article explores the Balbos’ family history across generations and genders, not only in the revolutionary and Napoleonic period, but also in the decades after the Congress of Vienna. In doing so, it sheds new light on the course of state-building processes, constitutional reforms, and the formation of a new, composite elite, which would largely dominate European politics until the end of the nineteenth century.
Morphological and molecular data on Phyllodistomum (Digenea: Gorgoderidae) from Brazil, with the description of a new species parasitizing Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794) (Osteichthyes, Erythrinidae)
Authors: Dias K.G.A. , Pérez-Ponce de León G. , da Silva R.J. , Vieira D.H.M.D. , Leite L.A.R. , de Azevedo R.K. , Abdallah V.D. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Phyllodistomum pepirense n. sp. is described from the urinary bladder of Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794), sampled in the Jacaré-Pepira River in São Paulo state, Brazil. The isolates of the new species were recovered as a monophyletic group in the phylogenetic analysis of the 28S rRNA gene, which showed the new species as the sister taxa of Phyllodistomum virmantasi Pinacho-Pinacho, Sereno-Uribe, Hernández-Orts, García-Varela & Pérez-Ponce de León, 2021, a species sampled from an eleotrid fish in Southeastern Mexico. The new species differs morphologically from P. virmantasi by having a larger body size, slightly lobed testes and ovary, a mostly intercaecal uterus, slightly diverticulated caeca, and vitelline masses irregularly shaped. The new species is also readily distinguished from other species of Phyllodistomum Braun, 1899 reported from freshwater fishes in Brazil – namely, P. rhamdiae Amato & Amato, 1993 and P. spatula Odhner, 1902. The new species is herein described based on morphological characteristics, molecular data from D1–D3 domains of the 28S rRNA gene, host association, and geographical distribution.
Prenatal cocaine exposure and self-reported behavioral adjustments from ages 12 to 21: environmental pathways
Authors: Min Meeyoung O. , Albert Jeffrey M. , Minnes Sonia , Kim June-Yung , Kim Sun-Kyung , Singer Lynn T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn a birth-cohort study, we followed offspring with prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) to investigate longitudinal associations of PCE with self-reported behavioral adjustment from early adolescence to emerging adulthood (EA). Environmental pathways (family functioning, non-kinship care, maltreatment) were specified as potential mediators of PCE.MethodsParticipants were 372 (190 PCE; 47% male), primarily Black, low socioeconomic status, enrolled at birth. Internalizing and externalizing behaviors were assessed using Youth Self-Report at ages 12 and 15 and Adult Self-Report at age 21. Extended random-intercept cross-lagged panel modeling was used to account for potential bidirectional relationships between internalizing and externalizing behaviors over time, examining potential mediators.ResultsAdjusting for covariates, significant indirect effects were found for each mediator at different ages. For family functioning, these were both internalizing (β = 0.83, p = 0.04) and externalizing behaviors (β = 1.58, p = 0.02) at age 12 and externalizing behaviors at age 15 (β = 0.51, p = 0.03); for non-kinship care, externalizing behaviors at ages 12 (β = 0.63, p = 0.02) and 15 (β = 0.20, p = 0.03); and for maltreatment, both internalizing and externalizing behaviors at ages 15 (β = 0.64, p = 0.02 for internalizing; β = 0.50, p = 0.03 for externalizing) and 21 (β = 1.39, p = 0.01 for internalizing; β = 1.11, p = 0.01 for externalizing). Direct associations of PCE with internalizing and externalizing behaviors were not observed, nor cross-lagged relationships between internalizing and externalizing behaviors.ConclusionsNegative associations of PCE with behavioral adjustment persist into EA via environmental pathways, specifying intervention points to disrupt adverse pathways toward healthy development.
Mechanisms underlying the association between adverse childhood experiences and racial disparities in later-life cognition
Authors: Wilhoite Sydney R. , Zaheed Afsara B. , Palms Jordan D. , Morris Emily P. , Sol Ketlyne , Martino Alexa , Zahodne Laura B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjective:Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may be a risk factor for later-life cognitive disorders such as dementia; however, few studies have investigated underlying mechanisms, such as cardiovascular health and depressive symptoms, in a health disparities framework.Method:418 community-dwelling adults (50% nonHispanic Black, 50% nonHispanic White) aged 55+ from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project retrospectively reported on nine ACEs. Baseline global cognition was a z-score composite of five factor scores from a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Cardiovascular health was operationalized through systolic blood pressure. A mediation model controlling for sociodemographics, childhood health, and childhood socioeconomic status estimated indirect effects of ACEs on global cognition via depressive symptoms and blood pressure. Racial differences were probed via t-tests and stratified models.Results:A negative indirect effect of ACEs on cognition was observed through depressive symptoms [β = −.040, 95% CI (−.067, −.017)], but not blood pressure, for the whole sample. Black participants reported more ACEs (Cohen’s d = .21), reported more depressive symptoms (Cohen’s d = .35), higher blood pressure (Cohen’s d = .41), and lower cognitive scores (Cohen’s d = 1.35) compared to White participants. In stratified models, there was a negative indirect effect through depressive symptoms for Black participants [β = −.074, 95% CI (−.128, −.029)] but not for White participants.Conclusions:These results highlight the need to consider racially patterned contextual factors across the life course. Such factors could exacerbate the negative impact of ACEs and related mental health consequences and contribute to racial disparities in cognitive aging.
Imprint of Storm Enhanced Density in Ground‐Based OI 630.0 nm Dayglow Measurements
Authors: Upadhyay Kshitiz , Pallamraju Duggirala , Chakrabarti Supriya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe mid‐latitude upper atmosphere is directly affected by the inner magnetosphere through the interactions at the closed geomagnetic field line boundary. Several space weather phenomena associated with magnetospheric‐plasmaspheric exchanges can be mapped to mid‐latitudes. One such phenomena that occurs over mid‐latitudes during geomagnetic storms is the storm enhanced density (SED). So far, storm time ionospheric features have been studied primarily using radar, GPS and in situ measurements. We present high spectral resolution ground‐based measurements of OI 630.0 nm dayglow emissions obtained from Boston to investigate thermospheric behavior during both geomagnetic quiet and disturbed times, as these are very sensitive to changes in the ionospheric plasma temperatures, and densities. During a geomagnetic storm on 7–9 Nov 2004 (Kp = 9‐), an anomalous enhancement in brightness (>1 kR) was observed in the dayglow for about an hour duration near local sunset (dusk hours), which was not seen on other neighboring days. This enhancement in OI 630.0 nm dayglow observed on 9 Nov 2004 is confirmed to be a SED event as seen from the complimentary datasets, the Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radar (ISR), Defence Meteorological Satellite Program satellite and GPS total electron content. Further, model estimates of OI 630.0 nm dayglow intensities using ISR measured electron/ion temperature and electron densities as inputs show good agreement with our measurements. These results make this study possibly the first report on the daytime optical signatures of SED.
Radiative suppression of exciton–exciton annihilation in a two-dimensional semiconductor
Authors: Sortino Luca , Gülmüs Merve , Tilmann Benjamin , de S. Menezes Leonardo , Maier Stefan A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) semiconductors possess strongly bound excitons, opening novel opportunities for engineering light–matter interaction at the nanoscale. However, their in-plane confinement leads to large non-radiative exciton–exciton annihilation (EEA) processes, setting a fundamental limit for their photonic applications. In this work, we demonstrate suppression of EEA via enhancement of light–matter interaction in hybrid 2D semiconductor–dielectric nanophotonic platforms, by coupling excitons in WS2 monolayers with optical Mie resonances in dielectric nanoantennas. The hybrid system reaches an intermediate light–matter coupling regime, with photoluminescence enhancement factors up to 102. Probing the exciton ultrafast dynamics reveal suppressed EEA for coupled excitons, even under high exciton densities >1012 cm−2. We extract EEA coefficients in the order of 10−3, compared to 10−2 for uncoupled monolayers, as well as a Purcell factor of 4.5. Our results highlight engineering the photonic environment as a route to achieve higher quantum efficiencies, for low-power hybrid devices, and larger exciton densities, towards strongly correlated excitonic phases in 2D semiconductors.
Ex vivo drug sensitivity screening predicts response to temozolomide in glioblastoma patients and identifies candidate biomarkers
Authors: Ntafoulis Ioannis , Kleijn Anne , Ju Jie , Jimenez-Cowell Kevin , Fabro Federica , Klein Michelle , Chi Yen Romain Tching , Balvers Rutger K. , Li Yunlei , Stubbs Andrew P. , Kers Trisha V. , Kros Johan M. , Lawler Sean E. , Beerepoot Laurens V. , Kremer Andreas , Idbaih Ahmed , Verreault Maite , Byrne Annette T. , O’Farrell Alice C. , Connor Kate , Biswas Archita , Salvucci Manuela , Prehn Jochen H. M. , Lambrechts Diether , Dilcan Gonca , Lodi Francesca , Arijs Ingrid , van den Bent Martin J. , Dirven Clemens M. F. , Leenstra Sieger ,   GLIOTRAIN consortium, Bielle Franck , Quissac Emie , Cryan Jane , Brett Francesca , Beausang Alan , Bacon Orna , MacNally Steve , O’Halloran Philip , Clerkin James , Lamfers Martine L. M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Patient-derived glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) have become the gold-standard in neuro-oncological research; however, it remains to be established whether loss of in situ microenvironment affects the clinically-predictive value of this model. We implemented a GSC monolayer system to investigate in situ-in vitro molecular correspondence and the relationship between in vitro and patient response to temozolomide (TMZ).

Methods
DNA/RNA-sequencing was performed on 56 glioblastoma tissues and 19 derived GSC cultures. Sensitivity to TMZ was screened across 66 GSC cultures. Viability readouts were related to clinical parameters of corresponding patients and whole-transcriptome data.

Results
Tumour DNA and RNA sequences revealed strong similarity to corresponding GSCs despite loss of neuronal and immune interactions. In vitro TMZ screening yielded three response categories which significantly correlated with patient survival, therewith providing more specific prediction than the binary MGMT marker. Transcriptome analysis identified 121 genes related to TMZ sensitivity of which 21were validated in external datasets.

Conclusion
GSCs retain patient-unique hallmark gene expressions despite loss of their natural environment. Drug screening using GSCs predicted patient response to TMZ more specifically than MGMT status, while transcriptome analysis identified potential biomarkers for this response. GSC drug screening therefore provides a tool to improve drug development and precision medicine for glioblastoma.
The super-enhancer-driven lncRNA LINC00880 acts as a scaffold between CDK1 and PRDX1 to sustain the malignance of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Feng Yipeng , Zhang Te , Zhang Zeyu , Liang Yingkuang , Wang Hui , Chen Yuzhong , Yu Xinnian , Song Xuming , Mao Qixing , Xia Wenjie , Chen Bing , Xu Lin , Dong Gaochao , Jiang Feng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSuper-enhancers (SEs) are regulatory element clusters related to cell identity and disease. While the studies illustrating the function of SE-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains few. In our research, a SE-driven lncRNA, LINC00880, was identified, which showed higher expression in LUAD compared to normal tissues and indicated worse outcomes in stage I LUADs. We found that the transcription factor (TF) FOXP3 could simultaneously occupy the promoter and SE regions of LINC00880 to promote its transcription. The oncogenic function of LINC00880 was validated both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, LINC00880 binds to the protein CDK1 to increase its kinase activity, which rely on the phosphorylation state of pT161 in CDK1. LINC00880 also promotes the interaction between CDK1 and PRDX1. Moreover, LINC00880 interacts with PRDX1, which indicates that LINC00880 acts as a protein scaffold between CDK1 and PRDX1 to form a ternary complex, thereby resulting in the activation of PI3K/AKT to promote malignancy. Our results reveal that the SE-associated lncRNA LINC00880 regulates the CDK1/PRDX1 axis to sustain the malignancy of LUAD, providing a novel therapeutic target.
Thermodynamic principle to enhance enzymatic activity using the substrate affinity
Authors: Ooka Hideshi , Chiba Yoko , Nakamura Ryuhei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how to tune enzymatic activity is important not only for biotechnological applications, but also to elucidate the basic principles guiding the design and optimization of biological systems in nature. So far, the Michaelis-Menten equation has provided a fundamental framework of enzymatic activity. However, there is still no concrete guideline on how the parameters should be optimized towards higher activity. Here, we demonstrate that tuning the Michaelis-Menten constant ($${K}_{m}$$

K

m

) to the substrate concentration ($$[{{{{{\rm{S}}}}}}]$$

[

S

]

) enhances enzymatic activity. This guideline ($${K}_{m}=[{{{{{\rm{S}}}}}}]$$

K

m

=

[

S

]

) was obtained mathematically by assuming that thermodynamically favorable reactions have higher rate constants, and that the total driving force is fixed. Due to the generality of these thermodynamic considerations, we propose $${K}_{m}=[{{{{{\rm{S}}}}}}]$$

K

m

=

[

S

]

as a general concept to enhance enzymatic activity. Our bioinformatic analysis reveals that the $${K}_{m}$$

K

m

and in vivo substrate concentrations are consistent across a dataset of approximately 1000 enzymes, suggesting that even natural selection follows the principle $${K}_{m}=[{{{{{\rm{S}}}}}}]$$

K

m

=

[

S

]

.
Rapid increase in the risk of heat-related mortality
Authors: Lüthi Samuel , Fairless Christopher , Fischer Erich M. , Scovronick Noah , Ben Armstrong  , Coelho Micheline De Sousa Zanotti Staglior , Guo Yue Leon , Guo Yuming , Honda Yasushi , Huber Veronika , Kyselý Jan , Lavigne Eric , Royé Dominic , Ryti Niilo , Silva Susana , Urban Aleš , Gasparrini Antonio , Bresch David N. , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHeat-related mortality has been identified as one of the key climate extremes posing a risk to human health. Current research focuses largely on how heat mortality increases with mean global temperature rise, but it is unclear how much climate change will increase the frequency and severity of extreme summer seasons with high impact on human health. In this probabilistic analysis, we combined empirical heat-mortality relationships for 748 locations from 47 countries with climate model large ensemble data to identify probable past and future highly impactful summer seasons. Across most locations, heat mortality counts of a 1-in-100 year season in the climate of 2000 would be expected once every ten to twenty years in the climate of 2020. These return periods are projected to further shorten under warming levels of 1.5 °C and 2 °C, where heat-mortality extremes of the past climate will eventually become commonplace if no adaptation occurs. Our findings highlight the urgent need for strong mitigation and adaptation to reduce impacts on human lives.
Turning sulfonyl and sulfonimidoyl fluoride electrophiles into sulfur(VI) radicals for alkene ligation
Authors: Wu Xing , Zhang Wenbo , Sun Guangwu , Zou Xi , Sang Xiaoru , He Yongmin , Gao Bing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSulfonyl and sulfonimidoyl fluorides are versatile substrates in organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry. However, they have been exclusively used as S(VI)+ electrophiles for defluorinative ligations. Converting sulfonyl and sulfonimidoyl fluorides to S(VI) radicals is challenging and underexplored due to the strong bond dissociation energy of SVI−F and high reduction potentials, but once achieved would enable dramatically expanded synthetic utility and downstream applications. In this report, we disclose a general platform to address this issue through cooperative organosuperbase activation and photoredox catalysis. Vinyl sulfones and sulfoximines are obtained with excellent E selectivity under mild conditions by coupling reactions with alkenes. The synthetic utility of this method in the preparation of functional polymers and dyes is also demonstrated.
Antibody-mediated NK cell activation as a correlate of immunity against influenza infection
Authors: Boudreau Carolyn M. , Burke John S. , Yousif Ashraf S. , Sangesland Maya , Jastrzebski Sandra , Verschoor Chris , Kuchel George , Lingwood Daniel , Kleanthous Harry , De Bruijn Iris , Landolfi Victoria , Sridhar Saranya , Alter Galit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAntibodies play a critical role in protection against influenza; yet titers and viral neutralization represent incomplete correlates of immunity. Instead, the ability of antibodies to leverage the antiviral power of the innate immune system has been implicated in protection from and clearance of influenza infection. Here, post-hoc analysis of the humoral immune response to influenza is comprehensively profiled in a cohort of vaccinated older adults (65 + ) monitored for influenza infection during the 2012/2013 season in the United States (NCT: 01427309). While robust humoral immune responses arose against the vaccine and circulating strains, influenza-specific antibody effector profiles differed in individuals that later became infected with influenza, who are deficient in NK cell activating antibodies to both hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, compared to individuals who remained uninfected. Furthermore, NK cell activation was strongly associated with the NK cell senescence marker CD57, arguing for the need for selective induction of influenza-specific afucosylated NK activating antibodies in older adults to achieve protection. High dose vaccination, currently used for older adults, was insufficient to generate this NK cell-activating humoral response. Next generation vaccines able to selectively bolster NK cell activating antibodies may be required to achieve protection in the setting of progressively senescent NK cells.
Next-generation proteomics for quantitative Jumbophage-bacteria interaction mapping
Authors: Fossati Andrea , Mozumdar Deepto , Kokontis Claire , Mèndez-Moran Melissa , Nieweglowska Eliza , Pelin Adrian , Li Yuping , Guo Baron , Krogan Nevan J. , Agard David A. , Bondy-Denomy Joseph , Swaney Danielle L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHost-pathogen interactions are pivotal in regulating establishment, progression, and outcome of an infection. While affinity-purification mass spectrometry has become instrumental in characterizing such interactions, it suffers from limitations in scalability and biological authenticity. Here we present the use of co-fractionation mass spectrometry for high throughput analysis of host-pathogen interactions from native viral infections of two jumbophages (ϕKZ and ϕPA3) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This approach enabled the detection of > 6000 unique host-pathogen interactions for each phage, encompassing > 50% of their respective proteomes. This deep coverage provided evidence for interactions between KZ-like phage proteins and the host ribosome, and revealed protein complexes for previously undescribed phage ORFs, including a ϕPA3 complex showing strong structural and sequence similarity to ϕKZ non-virion RNA polymerase. Interactome-wide comparison across phages showed similar perturbed protein interactions suggesting fundamentally conserved mechanisms of phage predation within the KZ-like phage family. To enable accessibility to this data, we developed PhageMAP, an online resource for network query, visualization, and interaction prediction (https://phagemap.ucsf.edu/). We anticipate this study will lay the foundation for the application of co-fractionation mass spectrometry for the scalable profiling of host-pathogen interactomes and protein complex dynamics upon infection.