bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional outcome after Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy: A retrospective case control study
Authors: Chow C. P. , Wong L.Y. , Poon C. , Yiu B. , Wong T. , Wong M. , Yam K.Y. , Ngai S.P.C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: This study examines long term benefit on functional outcomes and quality of life after Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) in children with spastic diplegia in Hong Kong.
Method: This is a case control study. Individuals with spastic diplegia who were at 6 to 12 years post-SDR were recruited. Age, gender, cognition and Gross Motor Function Classification System level matched individuals with spastic diplegia who had not undergone SDR were recruited as controls. Outcome measures included physical level, functional level, physiological level and quality of life. All data were compared by independent t-test.
Results: Individuals post-SDR (n=15) demonstrated a significantly better range of ankle dorsiflexion in knee extension by
-5.7±10.9 degree than the control group (n=12). No other significant differences were observed.
Conclusion: SDR is a safe, one-off procedure and provide long term reduction in spasticity with no major complications. With the heterogeneity, we did not demonstrate between-group differences in long term functional outcomes.
A Smart Irrigation Monitoring Service Using Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: V Subedha , Jazaeri Seyedeh Shabnam , Reddy Elangovan Guruva , B Tirapathi Reddy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research introduces a Smart Watering System powered by Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) for precision agriculture. The system utilizes real-time monitoring and irrigation management to provide crops with the right amount of water based on their individual needs. The method aims to enhance agricultural yields, reduce labor costs, and improve water efficiency. By deploying a network of affordable wireless sensors in the fields, soil moisture levels are continuously tracked, and the data is sent wirelessly to a central controller. Using advanced wireless protocols, the system analyzes the data and determines the optimal watering requirements for each crop. The technology is scalable and easy to install in larger agricultural fields. Research findings indicate that the system can increase crop yields by up to 30% and improve water usage efficiency by up to 60%. Adopting this smart irrigation monitoring service powered by WSN allows farmers to conserve water, save time and money, and improve overall profitability in sustainable agriculture.
Comparison of barriers effective nurse-patient communication in covid-19 and non-covid-19 wards
Authors: Bakhshi Hamed , Shariati Mohammad Javad , Basirinezhad Mohammad Hassan , Ebrahimi Hossein 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Communication is a basic need of humans. Identifying factors that prevent effective nurse-patient communication allows for the better implementation of necessary measures to modify barriers. This study aims to compare the barriers to effective nurse-patient communication from the perspectives of nurses and patients in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 wards.
Materials and methods
This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2022. The participants included 200 nurses and 200 patients from different wards of Emam Hossein and Bahar hospitals in Shahroud, who were sampled using a stratified method. Data were collected by completing a questionnaire with 30 and 15 questions for nurses and patients, which contained similar questions to those for nurses, based on a 5-point Likert scale.
Results
The high workload of nursing, excessive expectations of patients, and the difficulty of nursing work were identified by nurses as the main communication barriers. From the patients' viewpoints, the aggressiveness of nurses, the lack of facilities (welfare treatment), and the unsanitary condition of their rooms were the main communication barriers.
Conclusion
In this study, the domain of job characteristics was identified by nurses as the major barrier, and patients emphasized factors that were in the domain of individual/social factors. There is a pressing need to pay attention to these barriers to eliminate them through necessary measures by nursing administrators.
Couples’ fertility intentions and contraceptive use in Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Yared 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
While fertility and family planning studies have primarily centred around women, the perspectives of men within couples remain insufficiently explored in sub-Saharan African countries, including Ethiopia. This study seeks to delve into fertility and family planning behaviours within couples in Ethiopia.
Methods:
The analysis draws from data collected in 2005, 2011, and 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS), encompassing 15,854 couples. Data analysis mostly based on simple descriptive analysis and trends. The relationship between couple’s fertility intentions and contraceptive use was examined using multivariate regression models, adjusting for several covariates.
Results:
At the couple level, a substantial proportion (37.4%) of husbands express a greater desire for children than their wives, with regional disparities observed. This preference discrepancy ranges from 27.4% in Tigray to 53.5% in Afar. Only 18% of Ethiopian couples share similar desired family sizes. Notably, the preference for larger families is prominent among married, rural, less educated, and higher parity men. Regarding fertility preferences, approximately 54% of Ethiopian couples agree on their future fertility plans, while 46% have discordant views. Analysis reveals that about one-fifth of couples aim to cease childbearing, with a similar proportion aiming to delay the next birth by two or more years. The findings affirm that couples in agreement about their fertility goals are significantly more likely to use contraceptives compared to those with discordant fertility preferences. Multivariate analysis, accounting for various factors, confirmed that couples with an aligned desire for fewer than four children were 49% more likely to use modern contraceptives than those where either spouse was undecided about family size.
Conclusion:
The study underscores the vital role of men's fertility intentions and preferences within couples to fully grasp fertility and family planning in Ethiopia. Emphasizing men's involvement in shared decision-making about fertility and family planning within families is crucial. Encouraging open communication between spouses regarding family size can help bridge gaps in fertility goals.
Ultrahigh sensitivity refractive index sensor based on surface plasmon resonance effect of double-ring hollow-core anti-resonant fiber
Authors: Liu Min , Leng Xuemin , Ni Wenjun , Shum Perry Ping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a refractive index (RI) sensor is presented on the basis of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect of double-ring hollow-core anti-resonant fiber (DR-HC-ARF), which has great sensitivity and wide detection range. In the design, the DR-HC-ARF consists of 12 silica tubes in two layers inside and outside, with the X-forward inner silica tube filled with gold wire. The simulation results indicated that the achievable maximum sensitivity, minimum resolution, and largest figure of merit of the DR-HC-ARF sensor filled with gold wire are -20600 nm/RIU, 4.85×10-6 RIU and 615.79 RIU-1, respectively, when measuring using the confinement loss approach. The maximum sensitivity, minimum resolution, and largest birefringence of the DR-HC-ARF sensor filled with gold wire are -21200 nm/RIU, 4.71×10-6 RIU and 2.38×10-4, respectively, for the birefringence analysis approach. The ultrahigh RI sensitivity of DR-HC-ARF sensor filled with gold wire paves a promising way on the applications in the field of biochemical detection.
Further Revealing Reaction Mechanism on the Oxidation Behavior of the Lignin Model Molecules
Authors: Dong Shuqi , Zhang Hui , Du Xia , Yao Tingyu , Shang Yan , Jing Liquan , Hu Jinguang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
It is urgent to further study the mechanism of the oxidation process of biomass energy. Theoretical investigation on the oxidation of p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HOL), vanillyl alcohol (VOL) and syringic alcohol (SOL) at the atomic and molecular levels is completed by density function theory (DFT). The oxidative reaction mechanism is further revealed and the oxidation reaction pathway on phenolic hydroxyl group site was identified in detail. The potential energy surface information of fifteen possible reaction channels at B3LYP/6-311 + G(d,p) level was obtained. The influence of substituent effects on the oxidative reaction energy barrier has been estimated. Theoretical calculation results showed that the reactivity of phenolic hydroxyl group is stronger than methoxyl group and hydroxymethyl group. The oxidative reaction energy barrier decreases with increasing of the methoxyl group number. The elucidation of the oxidation mechanism provides a novel perspective for the study of catalytic oxidation in lignin model materials.
Evaluation of the Influence of Adding Clay in Polymeric Hydrogels Based on Phpa and Aluminum Citrate
Authors: Neto Venâncio , Oliveira Priscila , Mansur Claudia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In situ formation of polymeric hydrogels has been studied to ascertain their ability to block regions with high permeability in reservoirs and enhance oil recovery. The difficulties of applying these gel systems are related, among other factors, to their fragility in the conditions of high temperature and salinity typically found in reservoirs. In this context, various options for modification of gelling systems have been studied, such as addition of reinforcement loads, for preparation of nanocomposite hydrogels with improved mechanical and thermal properties. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the properties of hydrogels based on partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA), with different molar masses, crosslinked with aluminum citrate, in the presence or absence of bentonite clay. We call these systems composite hydrogels or conventional hydrogels, respectively, and prepared them in synthetic brine containing 29,940 ppm of total dissolved solids (TDS). The selected hydrogels were submitted to rheology tests and scanning electron microscopy for assignment of gel strength codes. The results showed it was possible to obtain composite hydrogels with enhanced thermal properties in comparison with conventional hydrogels, mainly at a temperature of 85°C. The rheological tests, by determining the viscous modulus (G”), elastic modulus (G’), and the ratio between the two (G”/G’), along with the tan delta factor, indicated competition in the interaction between the clay and crosslinker, due to the latter’s positive charges in relation to the negative charges present in the polymer chains. The SEM micrographs showed the presence of clay particles adhered in the polymer chain, improving the thermal resistance of the system.
Minimum edge cuts of hypercubes and k-ary n-cubes leaving every fault-free node in given subnetworks
Authors: Yang Yuxing , Meng Kaiyue 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The hypercube and the $k$-ary $n$-cube are two leading interconnection networks for multiprocessor systems. {\it A $t$-embedded edge cut} of an $n$-dimensional recursive interconnection network $G_n$ is a set of edges whose removal separates $G_n$ and each vertex lies in a $t$-dimensional subnetwork of the residual network. The network $G_n$ is {\it super $t$-embedded edge connected} ({\it super-$\eta_t$} for short) if the deletion of an arbitrary minimum $t$-embedded edge cut of $G_n$ isolates a $t$-dimensional subnetwork $G_t$. In this note, we show that both the $n$-dimensional hypercube and the ternary $n$-cube are super-$\eta_t$ for $0\leq t\leq n-1$ except for the $2$D hypercube when $t=0$, and the $k$-ary $n$-cube with odd $k\geq 5$ is not super-$\eta_{n-1}$. An algorithm is proposed to obtain a minimum embedded-edge cut for hypercubes and $k$-ary $n$-cubes with odd $k\geq 3$.
Delineation of Potential Groundwater Zones using GIS-based Fuzzy AHP technique for urban expansion in the South Western fringe of Guwahati City, India
Authors: Sarmah Rakesh Kumar , Sarma Santanu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Due to unprecedented urban growth many localities within the heart of Guwahati city witness groundwater scarcity, mainly during the dry seasons. This study aims to identify potential groundwater zones in the southwestern fringe of the city where the Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority (GMDA) has adopted plans for future expansion.. Rani and Chayani Barduar are two administrative blocks adjacent to the city possessing a vast tract of unsettled agricultural land ideal for future township development. Multi-criteria decision-making technique using a Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) in Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) environment is used to produce the groundwater potential map. A total of eight thematic layers important for groundwater recharge: lithology, geomorphology, slope, rainfall, lineament density, soil, drainage density, and Land Use Land Cover are prepared using satellite data, fieldwork, and other suitable techniques and used as input. The study area is classified into five groundwater potential zones – very high (42.52%), high (28.67%), moderate (17.23%), poor (10.21%), and very poor (1.37%). Validation of the result using a yield map derived from the exploratory wells of Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) shows strong agreement with the prediction accuracy (AUC = 73.36%). Field-derived water level data also show a high negative correlation (R2 = 0.71) with yield data indicating high specific yield in wells with shallow water levels. The study results will help planners and policymakers with future urban development strategies and sustainable groundwater management practices.
ChatGPT-4 performance on USMLE Step 1 questions and its implications for medical education: A comparative study across systems and disciplines
Authors: Garabet Razmig , Mackey Brendan P , Cross MBA James , Weingarten  
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We assessed the performance of OpenAI’s ChatGPT-4 on United States Medical Licensing Exam STEP 1 questions across the systems and disciplines appearing on the examination. ChatGPT-4 answered 86% of the 1300 questions accurately, exceeding the estimated passing score of 60% with no significant differences in performance across clinical domains. Findings demonstrated an improvement over earlier models as well as consistent performance in topics ranging from complex biological processes to ethical considerations in patient care. Its proficiency provides support for the use of artificial intelligence (AI) as an interactive learning tool and furthermore raises questions about how the technology can be used to educate students in the preclinical component of their medical education. Authors provide an example and discuss how students can leverage AI to receive real-time analogies and explanations tailored to their desired level of education. An appropriate application of this technology potentially enables enhancement of learning outcomes for medical students in the preclinical component of their education.
Swarm Intelligence Algorithms Evaluation
Authors: SI-MA Shen , LIU Han-Ming , ZHAN Hong-Xiang , GUO Gang , YU Cong , HU Peng-Cheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Swarm intelligence algorithms are an important study field of artificial intelligence, and received a lot of attention in the areas, such as parameter optimization, data mining, image processing and signal processing. They draw on the characteristic of social animals that can gather and share the information to make a better decision than individuals. And thus, it makes all the algorithms need an iterative process. For nearly several decades, more than 100 promising algorithms have been proposed. Are these algorithms suitable for all types of problems? How do they relate to the maximum iterations? In this study, 45 test functions from the classical set, CEC2019 and CEC2022 are classified into different problems according to their features, and 123 swarm intelligence algorithms are evaluated on a large scale with different maximum iterations. The experiment results show that most of the algorithms are suitable for low and medium dimensional problems where 5 algorithms (BES, CHOA, ESDA, FBI, and SFS) have the best optimization performance and robustness on these problems. Several algorithms are suitable for the problems with different complexities where 5 algorithms (BES, FA, MPA, SA, and SFS) have the best performance of the problems. Very few algorithms are suitable for the problems with different search space sizes where the CHIO is very robust in the problems. Besides, 3 algorithms (LSO, DE, and RSA) are the fastest.
Enhancing Railway Signaling Safety and Efficiency through Convolutional Neural Network-Enabled Verification and Validation: The CNN-RSVV Framework
Authors: Neyigapula Bheema Shanker 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Railway signaling systems play a critical role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of train operations. The verification and validation of these systems are essen- tial to prevent accidents and ensure reliable performance. This research paper proposes a novel approach to revolutionize railway signaling verification and val- idation using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). The proposed framework, CNN-RSVV, leverages the power of CNNs for automatic feature extraction and pattern recognition from signaling data. The framework’s effectiveness is demon- strated through simulation-based testing and real-world deployment, showcasing its potential to enhance safety and reduce human-dependent error in railway oper- ations. The study contributes to the field of safety-critical systems by introducing an innovative solution that combines machine learning with railway signaling domain knowledge.
Effect of Adding Stems and Leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi to Feed on the Microbial Diversity of Cattle Feces
Authors: Zhang Junli , Bai Xue , Na Rina , Wang Xiuqin , Ma Yun , Liang Xiaojun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi has important effectson anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation. However, there are few research reports on the application of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves as the roughage in animal husbandry. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effect of adding different proportions of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves to feed on the microbial diversity of bovine feces.Twenty Simmental cattle were randomly divided into four groups: CON, adding 3%, 6% and 9% Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves. All four groups were treated for 105 days. We need to collect fresh faecal samples on 105d and study the microbiome of cattle feces using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The NMDS analysis showed substantial differences in bacterial community composition between the treatment group and the CON group. At the phylum level, adding Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves can significantly reduce the Firmicutes/ Bacteroides ratio. After adding 3%, 6%, and 9% Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves, the relative abundance of Spirochaetesdecreased. After adding 9% Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves, the relative abundance of Verrucomimicrobia and Proteobacteria decreased. These inter group differential microbiota mainly participates in the Amino Acid Biosvthesis, Fatty Acid and Lipid Biosynthesis, Carbohydrate Biosynthesis, Carbohydrate Degradation, Nucleoside and Nucleotide Degradation, Fermentation, Glycolysis, TCA cycle, Glycan Biosynthesis and Glycan Degradation pathway. Therefore, our research shows that adding Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi stems and leaves to feed can improve cattle's antioxidant capacity, reduce harmful gut bacteria and inflammatory reactions, and promote healthy growth of beef cattle. This provides a new strategy for future cattle farming.
Predictors and Prognostic value of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography for Unrecognized Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Teng Yun , Hoshino Masahiro , Kanaji Yoshihisa , Sugiyama Tomoyo , Misawa Toru , Hada Masahiro , Nagamine Tatsuhiro , Nogami Kai , Ueno Hiroki , Sayama Kodai , Matsuda Kazuki , Yonetsu Taishi , Sasano Tetsuo , Kakuta Tsunekazu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Unrecognized myocardial infarction (UMI) detected by delayed-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (DE-CMR) and coronary computed tomography angiographic (CCTA)-derived high-risk features provide prognostic information in patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). However, the relationship between UMI and CCTA-derived characteristics remains elusive. The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic value of UMI on DE-CMR and predictors of UMI using CCTA in patients with CCS.
Methods:
181 CCS patients without prior history of myocardial infarction and coronary intervention who underwent both DE-CMR and CCTA before elective PCI were enrolled. The CCTA-derived predictors of UMI and the association of baseline clinical characteristics, CCTA findings, and CMR-derived factors with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, unplanned late revascularization, hospitalization for congestive heart failure, and stroke were investigated.
Results:
UMI was detected in 57 patients (31.5%). ROC analysis revealed the optimal cut-off values of Agastson score and mean pericoronary adipose tissue index (FAI) for predicting the presence of UMI were 397 and − 69.8, respectively. Left ventricular mass, Agatston score > 397, mean FAI >-69.8, positive remodeling of the target lesion, and CCTA-derived stenosis severity were independent predictors of UMI. Patients with UMI were associated with worse prognosis. The risk of MACE significantly increased according to the number of 4 preprocedural CCTA relevant features of UMI.
Conclusion
57 patients (31.5%) showed UMI. Preprocedural comprehensive CCTA analysis may help predict the presence of UMI and provide prognostic information in patients with CCS undergoing PCI.
Enhancing Construction and Demolition Waste Management through BIM Implementation: A Pathway to Circular Economy
Authors: Sudarsan J.S. , Katare Vasudha , Gavali Hindavi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The construction industry is facing growing concerns over the environmental impacts and sustainability of its waste management practices, particularly in relation to construction and demolition waste. This research paper explores the potential of Building Information Modeling (BIM) implementation as a means to enhance construction and demolition waste management and pave the way for a circular economy. The present study has examined the current state of construction and demolition waste management practices, highlighting the significant environmental and economic impacts associated with traditional linear waste disposal methods. It then delves into the principles of a circular economy, emphasizing the importance of reducing waste generation, promoting recycling and reuse, and minimizing resource consumption.