bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intracellular and microenvironmental regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential in cancer cells
Authors: Begum Hydari Masuma , Shen Keyue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCancer cells have an abnormally high mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), which is associated with enhanced invasive properties in vitro and increased metastases in vivo. The mechanisms underlying the abnormal ΔΨm in cancer cells remain unclear. Research on different cell types has shown that ΔΨm is regulated by various intracellular mechanisms such as by mitochondrial inner and outer membrane ion transporters, cytoskeletal elements, and biochemical signaling pathways. On the other hand, the role of extrinsic, tumor microenvironment (TME) derived cues in regulating ΔΨm is not well defined. In this review, we first summarize the existing literature on intercellular mechanisms of ΔΨm regulation, with a focus on cancer cells. We then offer our perspective on the different ways through which the microenvironmental cues such as hypoxia and mechanical stresses may regulate cancer cell ΔΨm.This article is categorized under:
Cancer > Environmental Factors
Cancer > Biomedical Engineering
Cancer > Molecular and Cellular Physiology
Oleaginous yeasts for biochemicals, biofuels and food from lignocellulose‐hydrolysate and crude glycerol
Authors: Passoth Volkmar , Brandenburg Jule , Chmielarz Mikołaj , Martín‐Hernández Giselle C. , Nagaraj Yashaswini , Müller Bettina , Blomqvist Johanna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMicrobial lipids produced from lignocellulose and crude glycerol (CG) can serve as sustainable alternatives to vegetable oils, whose production is, in many cases, accompanied by monocultures, land use changes or rain forest clearings. Our projects aim to understand the physiology of microbial lipid production by oleaginous yeasts, optimise the production and establish novel applications of microbial lipid compounds. We have established methods for fermentation and intracellular lipid quantification. Following the kinetics of lipid accumulation in different strains, we found high variability in lipid formation even between very closely related oleaginous yeast strains on both, wheat straw hydrolysate and CG. For example, on complete wheat straw hydrolysate, we saw that one Rhodotorula glutinis strain, when starting assimilating D‐xylosealso assimilated the accumulated lipids, while a Rhodotorula babjevae strain could accumulate lipids on D‐xylose. Two strains (Rhodotorula toruloides CBS 14 and R. glutinis CBS 3044) were found to be the best out of 27 tested to accumulate lipids on CG. Interestingly, the presence of hemicellulose hydrolysate stimulated glycerol assimilation in both strains. Apart from microbial oil, R. toruloides also produces carotenoids. The first attempts of extraction using the classical acetone‐based method showed that β‐carotene is the major carotenoid. However, there are indications that there are also substantial amounts of torulene and torularhodin, which have a very high potential as antioxidants.
Interdisciplinarity, Team Science, and the Next Generation of Researchers: The Children’s Drawings of Gods Project Experience
Authors: Darbellay Frédéric 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBased on an analysis of the research projectDrawings of Gods: A multicultural and interdisciplinary approach to children’s representations of supernatural agentsalso known as (Children’s Drawings of Gods), this work aims to study the epistemological and methodological issues that arise when several disciplinary approaches are convened for the processing, analysis, and interpretation of a corpus of digitized children’s drawings. This work shows how the interdisciplinary process is set up, with its points of convergence, its potentialities, but also its difficulties with regard to the various epistemic and cultural horizons involved. The success of such an interdisciplinary, intercultural, and international project relies on mutual consideration and respect for the diversity of objects, disciplines, and approaches in a spirit of team collaboration. This negotiated sharing of values, practices, and epistemological horizons calls for capacities for openness and creative dialogue between researchers. Further, it requires the researchers to go beyond their disciplinary centres to engage in hybrid configurations or even transgressive knowledge.
Humanness and Non-Humanness in Children’s Drawings of God: A Case Study from French-Speaking Switzerland
Authors: Dessart Grégory , Brandt Pierre-Yves 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPast research on children’s concepts of God has suggested a developmental tendency moving from anthropomorphic to non-anthropomorphic representations. Besides replication, we tested a model ofde-anthropomorphization.Methods. We collected drawings of God (N = 532) from 5- to 17-year-old children in French-speaking Switzerland and constructed a model of anthropomorphism andde-anthropomorphization. Age, gender, and religiosity (i.e., schooling) were utilized as predictor variables in logistic regression analyses.Results. Consistent with past research, both age and religious schooling facilitated the occurrence of non-anthropomorphic God representations. Analyses on de-anthropomorphization revealed that age had a positive effect on most strategies (with one exception), and that schooling did not play a significant role in that regard, neither did gender.Discussion. The current findings move beyond binary oppositions concerning anthropomorphic God figures, which appear to be conceptually much more complex than previously anticipated. Theoretical as well as practical implications are discussed.
Greening Film Festivals
Authors: de Valck Marijke , Zielinski Ger 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this chapter we seize the momentum of the pandemic crisis and its disruption of the film festival world to consider festivals’ stake in the climate and ecological crisis. We will delineate three layers of concern that need to be considered holistically when taking on the challenge of greening film festivals. The first layer tackles the context of festival operations, namely, all arrangements and preparations required to organize festival events. The second layer addresses the emergent discourse of environmentalist media studies, which urges festival scholars to consider critically the consequences of the virtualization of film festivals. The third layer puts the “eco” back into “ecosystem.” The phrase “festival ecosystem” itself is becoming popular in the discourse on film festivals. We think that the time is right to bring what we are calling the festival ecosystem back into a more literal relationship with “environmental media,” media infrastructure and its material relations to the biological environment. This will entail a rethinking of how that ecosystem can be made to work in balance with our planetary needs regarding its natural resources and include acknowledging there are the limits to widespread festival mechanisms that are rooted in logics of growth and abundance.
Stopping the Flow: Film Circulation in the Festival Ecosystem at a Moment of Disruption
Authors: Loist Skadi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDue to the current situation of the Covid-19 pandemic, we need to reassess film culture and the film industry as we have known it so far. The postponement and cancellation of major spring festivals in 2020 had a far-reverberating knock-on effect throughout the festival circuit and highlighted the entanglement of events and industry mechanisms based on regular rhythms, networks, and cascades. The canceled festival premieres left filmmakers, producers, and sales agents in limbo: subsequent festival participations, coordinated national distribution strategies, and theatrical releases were already being planned. Without a premiere, the entire circuit was disrupted. The value chain, based on the hierarchically structured sequence of certain festivals and markets, came to a standstill. With the usual windowed sequence unable to start, it was unclear what further distribution chains should look like. The disruption of the usual festival circulation structures has thus served as an accelerator for structural and cultural shifts. This article looks at the impact of this disruption on various stakeholders within the industry, thinking through the mechanisms of the festival ecosystem while highlighting the specific problems faced by different players and the resulting renegotiation of strategies and power dynamics, accounting for new emerging structures.
Scarcity, Ubiquity, and the Film Festival After Covid
Authors: Kredell Brendan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic rages on as I write this piece, and the first-order problem confronting many film festivals during the pandemic is existential: how can they continue to operate in a universe of extreme uncertainty, financial and otherwise? But for those festivals that can adequately solve that problem, a separate question awaits: how will film festivals respond to the transformational changes wrought by the pandemic as we emerge in a post-Covid world? A similar challenge confronts scholars of festivals, forced now to consider the applicability of existing models and methods for understanding the cultural work of film festivals in the wake of the pandemic. Such efforts at this juncture are, of course, highly speculative. Nonetheless, I contend here that there is history to guide us in such speculation, and with this essay, I offer some preliminary considerations on how the system “film festivals” might look in the wake of the coronavirus.
Improved deep depth estimation for environments with sparse visual cues
Authors: Joswig Niclas , Autiosalo Juuso , Ruotsalainen Laura 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMost deep learning-based depth estimation models that learn scene structure self-supervised from monocular video base their estimation on visual cues such as vanishing points. In the established depth estimation benchmarks depicting, for example, street navigation or indoor offices, these cues can be found consistently, which enables neural networks to predict depth maps from single images. In this work, we are addressing the challenge of depth estimation from a real-world bird’s-eye perspective in an industry environment which contains, conditioned by its special geometry, a minimal amount of visual cues and, hence, requires incorporation of the temporal domain for structure from motion estimation. To enable the system to incorporate structure from motion from pixel translation when facing context-sparse, i.e., visual cue sparse, scenery, we propose a novel architecture built upon the structure from motion learner, which uses temporal pairs of jointly unrotated and stacked images for depth prediction. In order to increase the overall performance and to avoid blurred depth edges that lie in between the edges of the two input images, we integrate a geometric consistency loss into our pipeline. We assess the model’s ability to learn structure from motion by introducing a novel industry dataset whose perspective, orthogonal to the floor, contains only minimal visual cues. Through the evaluation with ground truth depth, we show that our proposed method outperforms the state of the art in difficult context-sparse environments.
On the causality between household and government spending on education: evidence from a panel of 40 countries
Authors: Naurin Abida , Pourpourides Panayiotis M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper sheds light on an important causality which is of primary interest for policy makers, at both country level and broad institutional level, though it is largely ignored in the literature. Using panel data from a diversified group of countries and after controlling for various factors and endogeneities within the context of multivariate models, we present evidence that an increase in the intensity of government spending on education leads to an overall increase in the intensity of household spending on education of a roughly equal magnitude, within a span of two years. Specifically, a 1% increase in the intensity of government spending on education induces a contemporaneous increase in the intensity of household spending on education of 3%, followed by a correction of 2% the subsequent year. We further find that the reverse causality does not hold. Our mediation analysis within our set of variables suggests that the causality is only direct, and that there is no statistically significant distinction between low- and high-income countries.
Drug-eluting Microspheres Compared to Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization as First Line Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single-center Retrospective Cost-utility Analysis
Authors: Andreozzi G. , Lorenzoni V. , Bargellini I. , Cioni R. , Turchetti G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the cost-utility of initial treatment with drug-eluting microspheres (DEM) transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) versus conventional (C)-TACE in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma considering the perspective of a Local Healthcare Authority in Italy.

Materials and Methods
The economic evaluation is based on a retrospective single-center study and individual patients’ data whose details have been previously reported. The impact of initial treatment with DEM-TACE or C-TACE on disease progression, mortality, and direct health costs over a lifetime horizon were simulated and compared in terms of incremental cost-utility ratio expressed as costs per quality adjusted life years (QALY). Costs included direct health costs related to the first chemoembolization procedure and all subsequent follow-up costs associated with health care resources used for disease management. Probabilistic (PSA) sensitivity analysis was used to assess the robustness of the results.

Results
A total of 101 patients in each treatment group were considered. All over the time-horizon median costs were €3,145.14 and €2,158.32 in the DEM-TACE and C-TACE group, respectively (p < 0.001); while mean costs were € 24,619 and € 17,001, respectively (p < 0.001). The ICUR was 6,461.86 €/QALY when using median costs derived from the study population as input for the health-economic evaluation and 49,932.15 €/QALY when the mean costs were considered. Results from PSA highlighted that using median costs DEM-TACE was always cost-effective, while using mean costs, it was preferable only 24.7% of times.

Conclusions
The higher prices of DEMs are counterbalanced by the positive impact on QALY.
Atypical local brain connectivity in pediatric autism spectrum disorder? A coordinate-based meta-analysis of regional homogeneity studies
Authors: Liloia Donato , Manuello Jordi , Costa Tommaso , Keller Roberto , Nani Andrea , Cauda Franco 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDespite decades of massive neuroimaging research, the comprehensive characterization of short-range functional connectivity in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remains a major challenge for scientific advances and clinical translation. From the theoretical point of view, it has been suggested a generalized local over-connectivity that would characterize ASD. This stance is known as the general local over-connectivity theory. However, there is little empirical evidence supporting such hypothesis, especially with regard to pediatric individuals with ASD (age $$\le$$
≤
18 years old). To explore this issue, we performed a coordinate-based meta-analysis of regional homogeneity studies to identify significant changes of local connectivity. Our analyses revealed local functional under-connectivity patterns in the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex and superior frontal gyrus (key components of the default mode network) and in the bilateral paracentral lobule (a part of the sensorimotor network). We also performed a functional association analysis of the identified areas, whose dysfunction is clinically consistent with the well-known deficits affecting individuals with ASD. Importantly, we did not find relevant clusters of local hyper-connectivity, which is contrary to the hypothesis that ASD may be characterized by generalized local over-connectivity. If confirmed, our result will provide a valuable insight into the understanding of the complex ASD pathophysiology.
Efgartigimod improved health-related quality of life in generalized myasthenia gravis: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study (ADAPT)
Authors: Saccà Francesco , Barnett Carolina , Vu Tuan , Peric Stojan , Phillips Glenn A. , Zhao Sihui , Qi Cynthia Z. , Gelinas Deborah , Chiroli Silvia , Verschuuren Jan J. G. M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere are substantial disease and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) burdens for many patients with myasthenia gravis (MG), especially for those whose disease symptoms are not well controlled. HRQoL measures such as the Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life 15-item revised (MG-QOL15r) and EuroQoL 5-Dimensions 5-Levels (EQ-5D-5L) are vital for evaluating the clinical benefit of therapeutic interventions in patients with MG, as they assess the burden of disease and the effectiveness of treatment, as perceived by patients. The phase 3 ADAPT study (NCT03669588) demonstrated that efgartigimod—a novel neonatal Fc receptor inhibitor—was well tolerated and that acetylcholine receptor antibody–positive (AChR-Ab+) participants who received efgartigimod had statistically significant improvements in MG-specific clinical scale scores. The ancillary data reported here, which cover an additional treatment cycle, show that these participants had similar significant improvements in HRQoL measures, the MG-QOL15r and EQ-5D-5L utility and visual analog scales, and that these improvements were maintained in the second treatment cycle. Positive effects on HRQoL were rapid, seen as early as the first week of treatment in both treatment cycles, and maintained for up to 4 weeks in the follow-up–only portion of treatment cycles. The pattern of improvements in HRQoL paralleled changes in immunoglobulin G level, and correlational analyses show that improvements were consistent across HRQoL measures and with clinical efficacy measures in the ADAPT study. The substantial and durable improvements in HRQoL end points in this study demonstrate the broader benefit of treatment with efgartigimod beyond relief of immediate signs and symptoms of gMG.
The Financial and Environmental Consequences of Renewable Energy Exclusion Zones
Authors: Delafield Gemma , Smith Greg S. , Day Brett , Holland Robert , Lovett Andrew 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs countries decarbonise, the competition for land between energy generation, nature conservation and food production will likely increase. To counter this, modelling, and sometimes energy policies, use exclusion zones to restrict energy deployment from land deemed as important to society. This paper applies the spatially-explicit ADVENT-NEV model to Great Britain to determine the cost imposed on the energy system when either environmental or food production exclusion zones are applied. Results show that exclusion zones impose a cost of up to £0.63 billion (B), £19.17 B and £1.33 B for the solar, wind, and bioenergy pathways. These costs give an indication of the value being placed on protecting these areas of land. When multiple exclusions are imposed on bioenergy, the high pathway is infeasible indicating a more flexible approach may be needed to meet net zero ambitions. The model also shows how the value of ecosystem services changes when exclusion zones are applied, highlighting how some exclusions increase non-market costs whereas others decrease them. In several cases exclusion zones are shown to increase social costs, the opposite of their intended use. For these exclusions to be justifiable, the unobserved values missing from the model must be as large as these increases.
Exploring Inductive Reasoning, Scientific Reasoning and Science Motivation, and Their Role in Predicting STEM Achievement Across Grade Levels
Authors: Van Vo De , Csapó Benő 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the patterns of students’ performance in inductive reasoning, scientific reasoning and science motivation at different grade levels. We also examined the interaction of these variables with parental factors in predicting students’ STEM achievement. A cross-sectional study assessed 726 participants from the 6th, 8th, 10th and 11th grades in 6 secondary schools. The findings showed that students in the upper grades achieved higher scores on reasoning tests than their counterparts in the lower-grade cohorts, but their motivation toward learning science decreased slightly across the grade cohorts. Although the students performed better on an inductive reasoning test, the developmental patterns were comparable for the results on 2 cognitive tests across grade levels. Generally, we found that inductive reasoning and scientific reasoning were closely tied and that both had a significant effect on STEM achievement, while parents’ education impacted positively on both STEM performance and parental involvement in their children’s schooling. However, parental involvement and science motivation had a minor—and different—influence on students’ STEM achievement in the individual grade cohorts. The implications for enhancing students’ STEM performance are further discussed accordingly.
Probabilistic urban cascading multi-hazard risk assessment methodology for ground shaking and post-earthquake fires
Authors: Nishino Tomoaki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA probabilistic methodology is presented for assessing cascading multi-hazard risk for ground shaking and post-earthquake fires at a regional scale. The proposed methodology focuses on direct economic losses to buildings caused by the combined effect of ground shaking and post-earthquake fires and evaluates the exceedance probability of the regional shaking–fire losses in a predefined future time period by comprehensively considering the effects of various uncertain factors on the losses via Monte Carlo simulations. Probabilistic seismic risk assessments are extended by integrating post-earthquake fire models with seismic activity models, ground motion prediction equations, and seismic fragility functions. The fire models include post-earthquake ignition models, a weather model, a physics-based urban fire spread model, and a fire brigade response model. This integrated modeling enables the incorporation of the following uncertain factors with causal relationships into the assessments: earthquake occurrence, ground motion intensity distribution, damage to buildings resulting from ground shaking, post-earthquake ignition occurrence and occupant firefighting, weather condition, fire brigade response time including time to detection, and damage to buildings resulting from post-earthquake urban fire spread. To demonstrate the methodology, a realistic case study is conducted for a historical urban area with closely spaced wooden buildings in Kyoto, Japan, focusing on possible large earthquakes along major active faults. Contrary to conventional single-hazard approaches, the results highlight the impact of multi-hazard consideration on risk assessments. This indicates that the methodology can be a useful tool for more appropriately understanding earthquake risk and promoting risk-informed decision-making in urban communities for risk reduction.