bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase as a target for regulating carbon flux distribution and antioxidant capacity in Phaeodactylum tricornutum
Authors: Zhang Ruihao , Zhu Baohua , Sun Changze , Li Yun , Yang Guanpin , Zhao Yan , Pan Kehou 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) is a key enzyme for polysaccharide synthesis, and its role in plants and bacteria is well established; however, its functions in unicellular microalgae remain ill-defined. Here, we perform bioinformatics, subcellular localization as well as in vitro and in vivo analyses to elucidate the functions of two UGPs (UGP1 and UGP2) in the model microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Despite differences in amino acid sequence, substrate specificity, and subcellular localization between UGP1 and UGP2, both enzymes can efficiently increase the production of chrysolaminarin (Chrl) or lipids by regulating carbon flux distribution without impairing growth and photosynthesis in transgenic strains. Productivity evaluation indicate that UGP1 play a bigger role in regulating Chrl and lipid production than UGP2. In addition, UGP1 enhance antioxidant capacity, whereas UGP2 is involved in sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) synthesis in P. tricornutum. Taken together, the present results suggest that ideal microalgal strains can be developed for the industrial production of Chrl or lipids and lay the foundation for the development of methods to improve oxidative stress tolerance in diatoms.
The GUAPOS project
Authors: Mininni C. , Beltrán M. T. , Colzi L. , Rivilla V. M. , Fontani F. , Lorenzani A. , López-Gallifa Á. , Viti S. , Sánchez-Monge Á. , Schilke P. , Testi L. 
Published: July 2023

Context. The G31.41+0.31 Unbiased ALMA sPectral Observational Survey (GUAPOS) project targets the hot molecular core (HMC) G31.41+0.31 (G31) to reveal the complex chemistry of one of the most chemically rich high-mass star-forming regions outside the Galactic center (GC).
Aims. In the third paper of the project we present a study of nine O-bearing (CH3OH, 13CH3OH, CH318OH , CH3CHO, CH3OCH3, CH3COCH3, C2H5OH, aGg′-(CH2OH)2, and gGg′-(CH2OH)2) and six N-bearing (CH3CN,13CH3CN, CH313CN, C2H3CN, C2H5CN, and C2H513CN) complex organic molecules toward G31. The aim of this work is to characterize the abundances in G31 and to compare them with the values estimated in other sources. Moreover, we searched for a possible chemical segregation between O-bearing and N-bearing species in G31, which hosts four compact sources as seen with higher angular resolution data. In the discussion we also include the three isomers of C2H4O2 and the O- and N-bearing molecular species NH2CHO, CH3NCO, CH3C(O)CH2, and CH3NHCHO, which were analyzed in previous GUAPOS papers.
Methods. Observations were carried out with the interferometer ALMA and cover the entire Band 3 from 84 to 116 GHz (~32 GHz bandwidth) with an angular resolution of 1.2″ × 1.2″ (~4400 au × 4400 au) and a spectral resolution of ~0.488 MHz (~1.3–1.7 km s−1). The transitions of the 14 molecular species were analyzed with the tool SLIM of MADCUBA to determine the physical parameters of the emitting gas. Moreover, we analyzed the morphology of the emission of the molecular species.
Results. The values of abundances with respect to H2 in G31 range from 10−6 to 10−10 for the different species. We compared the abundances with respect to methanol of O-bearing, N-bearing, and O- and N-bearing COMs in G31 with 27 other sources, including other hot molecular cores inside and outside the GC, hot corinos, shocked regions, envelopes around young stellar objects, and quiescent molecular clouds, and with chemical models.
Conclusions. From the comparison with other sources there is not a unique template for the abundances in hot molecular cores, pointing toward the importance of the thermal history for the chemistry of the various sources. The abundances derived from the chemical models are in good agreement, within a factor of 10, with those of G31. From the analysis of the maps we derived the peak positions of all the molecular species toward G31. Different species peak at slightly different positions, and this, together with the different central velocities of the lines obtained from the spectral fitting, point to chemical differentiation of selected O-bearing species.
Conformity to the obligatory contour principle and the strict layer hypothesis: the avoidance of initial gemination in Maltese
Authors: Alqahtani Mufleh Salem M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research investigates how the avoidance of initial gemination in Maltese is motivated by conformity to the Obligatory Contour Principle (OCP) and the Strict Layer Hypothesis (SLH) in light of Optimality Theory (OT) as a framework. The data of this study were collected and analyzed qualitatively. The data in this study were harvested from existing literature reviews peculiar to the Phonology of Maltese. Furthermore, the same data were verified by consulting several native speakers of Maltese when necessary. This study concludes that initial gemination in Semitic verbs of pattern V (t-C1iC2C2eC3) derives from the assimilation of the [+coronal] feature of prefixes to the initial consonant of the following stem to conform to the OCP. Vowel prosthesis helps to affiliate an initial semi-syllable, as the peripheral member of this type of gemination, to the syllable node in order to comply with the SLH. Vowel prosthesis serves to ensure conformity to the OCP and to geminate integrity by the underlying initial geminates in non-Semitic verbs (from English and Italian) of CC-stems, which obey the SLH since their members belong to the same morpheme, unlike derivational forms. This research demonstrates the insightfulness of Optimality Theory (OT) as a framework to account for these phenomena in Maltese. The results of this study lead to future research pertinent to the analysis of both segmental and suprasegmental structures in Maltese in light of OT and their relationship to other languages such as Arabic, English, and Italian.
Comprehensive evaluation of higher education systems using indicators: PCA and EWM methods
Authors: Cao Cong , Wei Tianlan , Xu Shengyuan , Su Fan , Fang Haiquan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe higher education system refers to the organisational structure of higher education institutions and the staff and infrastructure needed to provide postsecondary education. To better develop a country or region’s higher education system, administrators need to have a handle on the current state of the system, which requires regular and realistic assessments of the quality and sustainability of higher education. Thus, this study constructed a quality-sustainability model (QSM) for national higher education. Nine countries with developed higher education and 13 indicators were selected to reference higher education quality and sustainability globally. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to downgrade these 13 indicators and extract the factor coefficient score matrixes. Of these, four principal components were used for further analysis. Each sub-indicator is assigned weights by the entropy weighting method (EWM) to obtain a quantifiable QSM. The model innovatively includes indicators such as “academic integrity” and is applied experimentally to data from nine countries to analyse the strengths and weaknesses of their higher education systems. The study found that each country’s education system has different strengths, and by comparing and summarising them, the findings can guide the development of future-oriented higher education. This study has made some development recommendations based on the model by combining multidisciplinary theories. The study enriches existing methods for assessing the quality of higher education and identifies the weaknesses and directions for the development of higher education in some developed countries.
A constructional approach to causative support verbs in
Spanish
Authors: Jiménez Martínez María Isabel , Melis Chantal 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Complex predicates formed with a semantically
bleached verb and a predicating nominal (take a
walk) have posed a challenge to grammatical theories.
One must explain how the two elements integrate into a semantic and
syntactic unit, without losing sight of the lexical constraints the
so-called support or light verb constructions are subjected to
(*give a jog). In this work, centered on a
family of Spanish phrases featuring an emotional state noun and
associated with a causative meaning (cf.
dar
miedo
‘to frighten’, lit. ‘to give
fear’), we adopt Goldberg’s
(1995, 2006)
analysis of “argument structure constructions”, introducing
necessary adjustments to fit the composite nature of the predicate,
and we show how Cognitive Construction Grammar offers a particularly
well-suited model to handle linguistic expressions that combine
regular syntactic properties with lexical idiosyncrasies.
The construction [a TODO Nsg] in
Spanish
Authors: López Meirama Belén , Iglesias Iglesias Nely M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this chapter we present a holistic analysis of
instances of the constructional idiom [a TODO
Nsg], as conceived, both theoretically and
methodologically, from the perspective of Construction Grammar
(Croft, 2001; Goldberg, 2006). The
construction under scrutiny here presents a high degree of fixedness
in use. Its free slot, as the reference corpora consulted have
shown, is filled preferentially by a series of nouns with
intensifying properties, especially those referring to speed,
loudness, power, and luxury or comfort.
From he aquí to
aquí está
Authors: Tacke Felix 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study provides a construction grammar
account in line with Lakoff
(1987) and Goldberg
(2006) of two types of deictic-presentative constructions
in Spanish, [
he aquí
NP] and
[
aquí está
NP].
Following up on Lakoff’s
(1987, pp. 462–585) seminal analysis of English
there-constructions and drawing on the findings
of Bergen & Plauché (e.g.
2005) on French
voilà
-constructions, it will be
shown how the formal properties of both structures are not only
linked to the same function but also motivated by it. This
synchronic constructional analysis is meant to lay the groundwork
for a subsequent diachronic account of the historical origins of
these constructions, that is, their constructionalization from
Indo-European and Semitic deictic particles (
he
aquí
NP) and from presentational
adverb-verb-subject constructions (
aquí
está
NP). It will be argued that
the substitution of
he
aquí
-constructions by

aquí
está
-constructions can be described in
terms of syntactic regularization. Depending on the matter in
question, this study relies on both qualitative and quantitative
analyses of corpus data.
On the role of verb-particle constructions in Old Spanish
Authors: Wiesinger Evelyn 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The present contribution investigates
verb-particle constructions formed with

atras

‘back(wards)’ in
Old Spanish, against the background of the typological change from
(mostly) satellite-framed patterns in Latin to the predominantly
verb-framed strategies in the Romance languages. The study
innovatively combines diachronic Construction Grammar with a
functional-onomasiological perspective. This means that VPCs are
studied relative to “competing” strategies of motion
encoding such as instantiations of the prefix-construction
[re-V] ‘V back’ and newly formed path verbs
such as
tornar/volver

‘turn/go back’.
The diachronic study shows that VPCs are in
principle available at all language stages of Spanish. Moreover, the
onomasiological perspective suggests that the observed “rise” of
VPCs in Old Spanish could in fact be related to constructional
micro-changes occurring among path verbs and instantiations of
[re-V]. Within this network of functionally
related constructions, VPCs prove to form a transparent and
potentially expressive, mostly intransitive pattern to encode
directed motion meanings.
Accelerating a car from rest: friction, power and forces
Authors: Isacsson Andreas , Malmgren Niklas , Pendrill Ann-Marie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The directions of frictional forces for bodies in motion are conceptually challenging. Students may be able to provide a correct solution using only calculus without drawing free-body diagrams. This can make their misconceptions go unnoticed and put them at risk to become further reinforced. Here, we discuss first-year bachelor students’ responses to multiple-choice questions and an open-ended question regarding friction when they come fresh out of high school. We further look into student solutions submitted to a national competition in physics for high-school students involving a problem concerning the acceleration of an electric rear-wheel drive car. Finding that most students had avoided drawing figures, we discuss to what extent teachers’ grading practices contribute to students’ development of problem-solving habits.
Quasinormal modes from EFT of black hole perturbations with timelike scalar profile
Authors: Mukohyama Shinji , Takahashi Kazufumi , Tomikawa Keitaro , Yingcharoenrat Vicharit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Effective Field Theory (EFT) of perturbations on an arbitrary background geometry with a timelike scalar profile was recently constructed in the context of scalar-tensor theories. In this paper, we use this EFT to study quasinormal frequencies of odd-parity perturbations on a static and spherically symmetric black hole background. Keeping a set of operators that can accommodate shift-symmetric quadratic higher-order scalar-tensor theories, we demonstrate the computation for two examples of hairy black holes, of which one is the stealth Schwarzschild solution and the other is the Hayward metric accompanied by a non-trivial scalar field. We emphasize that this is the first phenomenological application of the EFT, opening a new possibility to test general relativity and modified gravity theories in the strong gravity regime.
Design of distributed feedback lasers grown on Si using time-domain traveling wave model combined with mode refractive index method
Authors: Ming Rui , Wang Jun , Liu Shuaicheng , Ge Qing , Lin Feng , Zhai Hao , Ma Bojie , Liu Zhuoliang , Liu Hao , Bai Yiming , Cai Shiwei , Huang Yongqing , Ren Xiaomin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes an optimization method combining the time-domain traveling wave model and the mode refractive index method, employed for characterizing both the transverse and longitudinal modes of quantum dot distributed feedback (DFB) lasers grown on Si. We use this method to optimize the overall performance of the Si-based DFB laser, and determine the material and chip structural parameters, including the ridge width, etching depth, grating thickness and grating position as optimization parameters. Here, the optimal DFB laser operating under fundamental transverse and single longitudinal mode is obtained. Its threshold current is as low as 5 mA, the slope efficiency is as high as 0.77 mW mA−1, and the side mode suppression ratio is up to 48 dB. When the injection current is 150 mA, the output power exceeds 100 mW. The corresponding ridge width, etching depth and grating thickness are 2 μm, 1.3 μm and 20 nm, respectively. The distance from the grating to the active region is 200 nm. Therefore, the novel method presented in this paper offers an effective scheme for the design of DFB lasers grown on Si with excellent performance.
A sub-region combination scheme for spatial coding in a high-frequency SSVEP-based BCI
Authors: Hu Ruochen , Ming Gege , Wang Yijun , Gao Xiaorong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective. In studying the spatial coding mechanism of visual evoked potentials, it is significant to construct a model that shows the relationship between steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) responses to the local and global visual field stimulation. In order to investigate whether SSVEPs produced by sub-region stimulation can predict that produced by joint region stimulation, a sub-region combination scheme for spatial coding in a high-frequency SSVEP-based brain-computer interface (BCI) is developed innovatively. Approach. An annular visual field is divided equally into eight sub-regions. The 60 Hz visual stimuli in different sub-regions and joint regions are presented separately to participants. The SSVEP produced by the sub-region stimulation is superimposed to simulate the SSVEP produced by the joint region stimulation with different spatial combinations. A four-class spatially-coded BCI paradigm is used to evaluate the simulated classification performance, and the performance ranking of all simulated SSVEPs is obtained. Six representative stimulus patterns from two performance levels and three stimulus areas are applied to the online BCI system for each participant. Main results. The experimental result shows that the proposed scheme can implement a spatially-coded visual BCI system and realize satisfactory performance with imperceptible flicker. Offline analysis indicates that the classification accuracy and information transfer rate (ITR) are 89.69 ± 8.75% and 24.35 ± 7.09 bits min−1 with 3 s data length under the 3/8 stimulus area. The online BCI system reaches an average classification accuracy of 87.50 ± 9.13% with 3 s data length, resulting in an ITR of 22.48 ± 6.71 bits min−1 under the 3/8 stimulus area. Significance. This study proves the feasibility of using the sub-region’s response to predict the joint region’s response. It has the potential to extend to other frequency bands and lays a foundation for future research on more complex spatial coding methods.
Abstraction and simulation of EV battery systems—resilience engineering by biological transformation
Authors: Hess Katharina , Bessler Simon , Schneider Johannes M , von Ramin Malte 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
While the demand for electric vehicles (EVs) is continuously growing, safety issues still remain, specifically related to fire hazards. This research aims to improve the resilience of battery systems in EVs by transferring concepts found in biology to a bioinspired battery system. Due to the complexity of modern battery systems, the biological concepts cannot be applied directly. A simplified simulation battery system for EVs is modelled, which contains the essential battery components necessary to understand both, software and battery dynamics. This is used as a baseline model to study the effects of typical heat-related disturbances. Subsequently, this simulation model is modified to demonstrate the transfer of biological concepts underlying specifically the hypersensitization and vasospasm mechanisms related to wound healing, and to test the effects of disturbances and alterations comparable to damages caused by vehicle accidents. As a battery system’s mass and volume should not be increased by additional hardware, the biological concepts target the interaction within, and the composition of, the system, while leaving single components relatively unchanged. It is found that small bioinspired alterations to the battery system can have significant impacts on their vulnerability to common hazards.
The Development of the Space Utilization Trading Function in the Integrated High Education Area of Makassar City
Authors: Arief Rimba , Rasyidi Emil Salim , Taking Muh. Idris 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Regulation of spatial use patterns is the basis for developing a balanced and integrated city. The rapid development of space utilization in Makassar for commercial aspects can threaten its dynamic balance. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the tendency of space utilization of business functions, which significantly impacts the integrated high education area. This research aims to describe the space utilization trading function’s development towards spatial planning in the integrated high education area over 2005-2013. This research used a quantitative deductive approach. The primary data was Maps image and Map Land Parcels of Makassar City in 2005-2013d. The analysis methods used in this research, namely quantitative analysis, use GIS applications to describe the space utilization trading function’s development toward spatial planning in the integrated high education area. The finding of this research showed that there had been a rapid and significant development of space utilization on trade function. This trend is faster than the distribution of space utilization on education function.
Magnetic Levitation System Prototype Using Proportional-Integral-Derivative Control
Authors: Satria Rayhan Asprilla , Suhendi Asep , Qurthobi Ahmad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Magnetic levitation is a phenomenon of levitation objects by using a magnetic field to defy gravity. Magnetic levitation is an interesting research topic widely used in industry or transportation such as magnetic levitation trains, conveyors, lifts, and many more. In general, magnetic levitation can be realized by regulating the current as a magnetic field source. However, due to the normally unstable power supply source, results in magnetic field instability. Therefore, a magnetic field control system is needed to stabilize the magnetic levitation system. In this study, a magnetic lifting system has been developed using the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control method and hall effect sensor. The result shows that by using the PID controller, the magnetic object successfully floated stably at the reference point form 1.4 cm to 6.5 cm with an error ± 0.02 cm and overshoot 0.2 cm, if without using PID, oscillations occur with an error rate of ± 0.1 cm and overshoot of 0.6 cm.
The Simulation of Frequency Stability Settings of PV-Diesel Electric Hybrid Power Plant
Authors: Syarif Irwan , Putri Andi Nur , Syamsurijal  , Mappeasse Muhammad Yusuf 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In power generation, several problems, such as high gain settings in the automatic voltage regulator and many transmission networks, can increase low-frequency oscillations in the line. This study aims to determine the stability adjustment of Hybrid PV - Diesel Generating Load Frequency. In this study, simulation was done by using the Simulink Matlab program. The control design is applied by finding the optimum proportional-integral (PI) to set the program’s load frequency. The transfer function from the photovoltaic and diesel diagrams was changed to a matrix and applied in the M-File to get the control value by tuning the damping ratio. The real part of the simulation was obtained to get the optimal overshoot and rise time. The lowest fundamental element, the faster the system responds. Regulations and monitoring systems are carried out to maintain power quality and maintain the stability of frequency fluctuations caused by arbitrary power at generation and on the load side. It also supports the stability of power flow fluctuations in the power line tie-line due to frequency fluctuations from the system interconnection hybrid.
Machine-learning Kohn–Sham potential from dynamics in time-dependent Kohn–Sham systems
Authors: Yang Jun , Whitfield James 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The construction of a better exchange-correlation potential in time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) can improve the accuracy of TDDFT calculations and provide more accurate predictions of the properties of many-electron systems. Here, we propose a machine learning method to develop the energy functional and the Kohn–Sham potential of a time-dependent Kohn–Sham (TDKS) system is proposed. The method is based on the dynamics of the Kohn–Sham system and does not require any data on the exact Kohn–Sham potential for training the model. We demonstrate the results of our method with a 1D harmonic oscillator example and a 1D two-electron example. We show that the machine-learned Kohn–Sham potential matches the exact Kohn–Sham potential in the absence of memory effect. Our method can still capture the dynamics of the Kohn–Sham system in the presence of memory effects. The machine learning method developed in this article provides insight into making better approximations of the energy functional and the Kohn–Sham potential in the TDKS system.