bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Intra and Postoperative Outcomes between 3-D Plates versus 2.0 mm Miniplates in Displaced Mandibular Angle Fractures
Authors: Nayab Atiya , Channar Kashif Ali , Sheikh Tariq Hussain , Kumbhar Aftab Ahmed , Alam Saqba , Rana Hajra , Narejo Sip 
Published: January 2023

Aim: This study aimed to compare intraoperative and postoperative outcomes by using Conventional 2mm Miniplate versus 3-D plates in management of Mandibular Angle Fractures.
Study Design: Randomized control trial.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS), Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad over 6 months.
Methodology: The study included a total of 60 patients having mandibular angle fractures randomly allocated into two groups. 30 of them were treated with 2mm conventional miniplates in group A and 30 cases were 3D plated in group B. Outcomes such as intraoperative time was measured in terms of minutes from the start of surgery till fixation using a stopwatch. Stability was assessed clinically and by postoperative radiographs. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for age duration of fracture and intraoperative time. Whereas frequency and percentage
were calculated for gender, occupation, type of displacement. A comparison of the said parameters was also done, subsequently. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS version 22.0.
Results: The average age of the patients was 29.50±6.24 years. There were 38(63.3%) male and 22(36.7%) female. Mean intraoperative time in terms of minutes was significantly low in group B than in group A [45.27±7.09 vs. 50.50±7.12; p=0.006]. The rate of stability was 100% in group B and 90% in group A, however, it was not statistically significant between groups (p=0.237).
Conclusion: The results of the current study showed good stability, less procedure time required with a 3-D plating system. It could be concluded by the findings that the 3-D plating system has advantages over conventional 2mm miniplates.
Association of Rurality With Risk of Heart Failure
Authors: Turecamo Sarah E. , Xu Meng , Dixon Debra , Powell-Wiley Tiffany M. , Mumma Michael T. , Joo Jungnam , Gupta Deepak K. , Lipworth Loren , Roger Véronique L. 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceRural populations experience an increased burden of heart failure (HF) mortality compared with urban populations. Whether HF incidence is greater among rural individuals is less known. Additionally, the intersection between racial and rural health inequities is understudied.ObjectiveTo determine whether rurality is associated with increased risk of HF, independent of cardiovascular (CV) disease and socioeconomic status (SES), and whether rurality-associated HF risk varies by race and sex.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective cohort study analyzed data for Black and White participants of the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS) without HF at enrollment who receive care via Centers for Medicare &amp;amp; Medicaid Services (CMS). The SCCS is a population-based cohort of low-income, underserved participants from 12 states across the southeastern United States. Participants were enrolled between 2002 and 2009 and followed up until December 31, 2016. Data were analyzed from October 2021 to November 2022.ExposuresRurality as defined by Rural-Urban Commuting Area codes at the census-tract level.Main Outcomes and MeasuresHeart failure was defined using diagnosis codes via CMS linkage through 2016. Incidence of HF was calculated by person-years of follow-up and age-standardized. Sequentially adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models tested the association between rurality and incident HF.ResultsAmong 27 115 participants, the median (IQR) age was 54 years (47-65), 18 647 (68.8%) were Black, and 8468 (32.3%) were White; 5556 participants (20%) resided in rural areas. Over a median 13-year follow-up, age-adjusted HF incidence was 29.6 (95% CI, 28.9-30.5) per 1000 person-years for urban participants and 36.5 (95% CI, 34.9-38.3) per 1000 person-years for rural participants (P &amp;lt; .001). After adjustment for demographic information, CV risk factors, health behaviors, and SES, rural participants had a 19% greater risk of incident HF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.19; 95% CI, 1.13-1.26) compared with their urban counterparts. The rurality-associated risk of HF varied across race and sex and was greatest among Black men (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.19-1.51), followed by White women (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07-1.39) and Black women (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.08-1.28). Among White men, rurality was not associated with greater risk of incident HF (HR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.81-1.16).Conclusions and RelevanceAmong predominantly low-income individuals in the southeastern United States, rurality was associated with an increased risk of HF among women and Black men, which persisted after adjustment for CV risk factors and SES. This inequity points to a need for additional emphasis on primary prevention of HF among rural populations.
Values and Preferences of Patients and Caregivers Regarding Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)
Authors: Maleki-Yazdi Keon Andre , Heen Anja Fog , Zhao Irene X. , Guyatt Gordon H. , Suzumura Erica A. , Makhdami Nima , Chen Lina , Winders Tonya , Wheeler Kathryn E. , Wang Julie , Spergel Jonathan , Silverberg Jonathan I. , Ong Peck Y. , O’Brien Monica , Martin Stephen A. , Lio Peter A. , Lind Mary Laura , LeBovidge Jennifer , Kim Elaine , Huynh Joey , Greenhawt Matthew , Frazier Winfred T. , Ellison Kathy , Capozza Korey , De Benedetto Anna , Boguniewicz Mark , Begolka Wendy Smith , Asiniwasis Rachel Netahe , Schneider Lynda C. , Chu Derek K. 
Published: January 2023

ImportancePatient values and preferences can inform atopic dermatitis (AD) care. Systematic summaries of evidence addressing patient values and preferences have not previously been available.ObjectiveTo inform American Academy of Allergy, Asthma &amp;amp; Immunology (AAAAI)/American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (ACAAI) Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters AD guideline development, patient and caregiver values and preferences in the management of AD were systematically synthesized.Evidence ReviewPaired reviewers independently screened MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases from inception until March 20, 2022, for studies of patients with AD or their caregivers, eliciting values and preferences about treatment, rated risk of bias, and extracted data. Thematic and inductive content analysis to qualitatively synthesize the findings was used. Patients, caregivers, and clinical experts provided triangulation. The GRADE-CERQual (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation–Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research) informed rating of the quality of evidence.FindingsA total of 7780 studies were identified, of which 62 proved eligible (n = 19 442; median age across studies [range], 15 years [3-44]; 59% female participants). High certainty evidence showed that patients and caregivers preferred to start with nonmedical treatments and to step up therapy with increasing AD severity. Moderate certainty evidence showed that adverse effects from treatment were a substantial concern. Low certainty evidence showed that patients and caregivers preferred odorless treatments that are not visible and have a minimal effect on daily life. Patients valued treatments capable of relieving itching and burning skin and preferred to apply topical corticosteroids sparingly. Patients valued a strong patient-clinician relationship. Some studies presented varied perspectives and 18 were at high risk for industry sponsorship bias.Conclusions and RelevanceIn the first systematic review to address patient values and preferences in management of AD to our knowledge, 6 key themes that may inform optimal clinical care, practice guidelines, and future research have been identified.
Advanced User Interfaces for Teleoperated Surgical Robotic Systems
Authors: Nguyen Chi Cong , Wong Shing , Thai Mai Thanh , Hoang Trung Thien , Phan Phuoc Thien , Davies James , Wu Liao , Tsai David , Phan Hoang‐Phuong , Lovell Nigel H. , Do Thanh Nho 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent years, advances in modern technology have altered the practice of surgery from open to minimally invasive surgery (MIS) aided by robots. Teleoperated surgical robotic systems (TSRSs) provide numerous significant benefits for MIS over traditional approaches, including improved safety, more efficient and precise surgery, better cosmesis, shorter recovery time, and reduced postoperative pain. Existing TSRSs’ master consoles, with improvements in vision systems, designs, and control methods, have significantly enhanced human–robot interactions, resulting in safer and more accurate medical intervention operations. Despite advances, haptic technologies, including sensors, machine assistance, and intuitive devices for user interfaces, are still limited, resulting in less effective usage of TSRSs for surgical operations. This review presents a summary of the emerging TSRSs with a focus on their user interfaces. In addition, advanced sensing, haptic, smart garments, and medical image artificial intelligence (AI) assistance technologies are shown with their potential for use in master consoles of the TSRSs are shown. Finally, a discussion on the need for a smart human‐robot interface for TSRSs is given.
Gold Nanocluster Encapsulated Nanorod for Tumor Microenvironment Simultaneously Activated NIR‐II Photoacoustic/Photothermal Imaging and Cancer Therapy
Authors: Li Zhifang , Wang Shulong , Zhao Jingjin , Luo Yanni , Liang Hong , Zhao Shulin , Zhang Liangliang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTumor microenvironment (TME)‐responsive imaging and therapy has great potential for application towards precision diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Photoacoustic (PA) imaging with the second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) and photothermal therapy are important ways to address high‐resolution imaging of in vivo deep tumor tissue and high‐effect therapy of cancer. A gold nanocluster (AuNCs) encapsulated nanorod (AuNRs) (AuNRs@MEA/DTGA@AuNCs, hereafter AMDAs) is prepared. The AuNRs are first modified using β‐mercaptoethylamine (MEA) to form AuNRs@MEA. Dithioglycolic acid (DTGA) is coupled with AuNRs@MEA to obtain AuNRs@MEA/DTGA (AMD). Finally, AuNCs are attached to AuNRs@MEA/DTGA surface to form AMDAs. In this nanocomposite materials, the encapsulation of the AuNRs by the AuNCs obscures NIR‐II PA signal of AuNRs. The high expressed glutathione in the TME react with the AMDAs via redox reaction, the detachment of the AuNCs from the AuNRs surface, and detection of the NIR‐II PA signal from the AuNRs, thus enabling NIR‐II PA imaging of tumor tissues. In addition, due to the high intensity light absorption of AuNRs in the NIR‐II region, the release of AuNRs also enhance tumor photothermal imaging and therapy. This work establishes an accurate and efficient integrated platform for nanodiagnosis and treatment of cancer.
DNA polymorphisms associated with lactase persistence, self‐perceived symptoms of lactose intolerance, milk and dairy consumption, and ancestry, in the Uruguayan population
Authors: Gaudin Raúl Germán Negro , Figueiro Gonzalo , Flores‐Gutiérrez Sara , Mut Patricia , Vega‐Requena Yasser , Luna‐Andrada Lorena , Ackermann Elizabeth , Hidalgo Pedro C. , Carracedo Angel , Torres María , Sans Mónica 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUruguay has one of the highest per capita milk intakes worldwide, even with a limited supply of lactose‐free products; furthermore, the admixed nature of its population is well known, and various frequencies of lactase persistence (LP) are observed in the source populations. We aimed to contribute to the understanding of the relation between allelic variants associated with LP, milk consumption, digestive symptoms, and genetic ancestry in the Uruguayan population. Samples of saliva or peripheral blood were collected from 190 unrelated individuals from two regions of Uruguay, genotypes for polymorphic sites in a fragment within the LCT enhancer were determined and allelic frequencies calculated in all of them. Data were collected on frequency of milk and dairy consumption and self‐reported symptoms in a subsample of 153 individuals. Biparental and maternal ancestry was determined by analyzing individual ancestry markers and mitochondrial DNA. Twenty‐nine percentage of individuals reported symptoms attributed to the ingestion of fresh milk, with abdominal pain, bloating and flatulence being the most frequent. European LP‐associated allele T‐13910 showed a frequency of 33%, while other LP‐associated alleles like G‐13915 and T‐14011 were observed in very low frequencies. Associations between self‐reported symptoms, fresh milk intake, and C/T‐13910 genotype were statistically significant. No evidence of association between genetic ancestry and C/T‐13910 was found, although individuals carrying one T‐13910 allele appeared to have more European ancestry. In conclusion, the main polymorphism capable of predicting lactose intolerance in Uruguayans is C/T‐13910, although more studies are required to unravel the relation between genotype and lactase activity, especially in heterozygotes.
Synthesis and Studies of Dibenzofuran Embedded Bis‐(Calix)‐Pentaphyrins
Authors: Tiwari Shubham , Sinha Avisikta , Ravikanth Mangalampalli 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCondensation of dibenzofuran based tripyrrane with dipyrroethene diol under acid catalyzed porphyrin forming conditions resulted in the formation of dibenzofuran embedded calix pentaphyrins with two meso‐sp3 carbons instead of expected fully conjugated dibenzofuran (DBF) embedded pentaphyrins. Three examples of DBF embedded calix pentaphyrins have been synthesized by adopting the [3+2] condensation methodology and characterized by various spectroscopic and theoretical methods. The NMR studies that include COSY, NOESY, HMBC and HSQC clearly confirmed the molecular structures of DBF embedded bis‐(calix)‐pentaphyrins. The optimized structures showed that the DBF embedded bis‐(calix)‐pentaphyrin macrocycles adopted figure eight conformation due to presence of two sp3 carbon atoms (C1 and C22) at meso positions which obstructed the conjugation throughout the macrocycle. The absorption spectra of macrocycles showed non‐aromatic features with a sharp strong band at 480 nm and a broad band in the region of 600–800 nm which were significantly red shifted with distinct colour change in protonated derivatives of DBF embedded bis‐(calix)‐pentaphyrins.
Accelerometer‐measured physical activity and sitting with incident mild cognitive impairment or probable dementia among older women
Authors: Nguyen Steve , LaCroix Andrea Z. , Hayden Kathleen M. , Di Chongzhi , Palta Priya , Stefanick Marcia L. , Manson JoAnn E. , Rapp Stephen R. , LaMonte Michael J. , Bellettiere John 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionPhysical activity (PA) is prospectively inversely associated with dementia risk, but few studies examined accelerometer measures of PA and sitting with rigorously‐adjudicated mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia risk.MethodsWe examined the associations of accelerometer measures (PA and sitting) with incident MCI/probable dementia in the Women's Health Initiative (n = 1277; mean age = 82 ± 6 years)ResultsOver a median follow‐up of 4.2 years, 267 MCI/probable dementia cases were identified. Adjusted Cox regression HRs (95% CI) across moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA) min/d quartiles were 1.00 (reference), 1.28 (0.90 to 1.81), 0.79 (0.53 to 1.17), and 0.69 (0.45 to 1.06); P‐trend = 0.01. Adjusted HRs (95% CI) across steps/d quartiles were 1.00 (reference), 0.73 (0.51 to 1.03), 0.64 (0.43 to 0.94), and 0.38 (0.23 to 0.61); P‐trend < 0.001. The HR (95% CI) for each 1‐SD increment in MVPA (31 min/d) and steps/d (1865) were 0.79 (0.67 to 0.94) and 0.67 (0.54 to 0.82), respectively. Sitting was not associated with MCI/probable dementia.DiscussionFindings suggest ≥ moderate intensity PA, particularly stepping, associates with lower MCI and dementia risk.Highlights
Few studies have examined accelerometer‐measured physical activity, including steps, and sitting with incident ADRD.
Moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity and steps, but not light physical activity or sitting, were inversely associated with lower ADRD risk.
Among older women, at least moderate intensity physical activity may be needed to reduce ADRD risk.
Upcycling poly(vinyl chloride) waste tubes: Studies of thermal stability and kinetics of films made of waste polyvinylchloride tube at the initial steps of degradation
Authors: Hamidi Nasrollah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolyvinylchloride (PVC) tubing products almost have replaced cast iron sewer and piping systems for water and wastewater collections; it also replaced metal and wood in window frames in construction. PVC has a high value, and its resin production continues to grow yearly at a considerable rate. Availability of the disposed or postconsumer PVC (wPVC) mimics a pseudo‐renewable resource of wPVC, which creates many upcycling, recycling, and downcycling that result in many economic opportunities, besides reducing its burden on the environment while saving energy. This work presents the thermal characteristics of a film made of wPVC (wPVCf). Six samples of wPVCf were analyzed by its own heating, rate appropriate for kinetics properties evaluation, using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) instrument. The isoconversional degradation energy barrier (Ea,α) values were evaluated by applying 14 kinetic models, f(α), to the TGA data assuming that the degradation process follows a pseudo‐single component model. The values of Eα,α obtained from all models for each given α value were close to each other with a standard deviation of less than 0.1 kJ mol−1 indicating the validity of the method. The results were consistent with the kinetics data reported in the literature for pure PVC.
Release kinetics of pectin/eugenol composite film and application in pork preservation
Authors: Wang Wei , Wang Qing , Chen Xiaoju , Kong Yaqiong , Wu Mengqing , Zhu Shuangshuang , Chen Minmin , Li Linlin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiodegradable active packaging materials have received growing attention for extending the shelf life of foodstuffs. A Pectin/eugenol (Pe/Eu) composite film is prepared by casting from pectin and eugenol. The morphology and wettability of the composite film are characterized. The antioxidant activity of the composite film is determined with DPPH method. Special attention is given to the release kinetics of Eu from Pe/Eu composite film and its application in pork preservation. The results display that Eu increased the surface roughness, hydrophobicity, and antioxidant activity of the composite film. In addition, the release mechanism of Eu from Pe/Eu composite film is controlled by diffusion. The release behavior of Eu in Pe/Eu composite film can prolong the shelf life of pork. Therefore, our results suggest that Pe/Eu composite films can provide new ways for active packaging materials to extend the shelf life of animal‐based protein foods.
Synthesis of polystyrene derivative‐silica hybrids via in situ thiol‐ene reaction in the sol–gel process
Authors: Kitahara Asuka , Matsukawa Eri , Matsukawa Kimihiro , Iwamura Takeru , Shiono Takeshi , Adachi Kaoru 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolystyrene derivative‐silica hybrids are synthesized via an in situ thiol‐ene reaction in the sol–gel process. Poly(p‐(3‐butenyl)styrene) (PBSt) which is a polymer having vinyl groups in its repeating units is used as an organic polymer and 3‐mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (MPTES) is used as a photo‐induced crosslinking agent between the organic polymer and the silica matrix. MPTES is introduced to PBSt via a thiol‐ene reaction by the UV irradiation. Simultaneously, an acid catalyzed sol–gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) proceeds. The obtained hybrids having the organic polymer content of 30%, 50%, and 70% are optically transparent. On the other hand, the hybrids synthesized without the UV irradiation are turbid or translucent. The SEM–EDX analyses of the transparent hybrids show the homogeneity of the polymer and the silica in the hybrids. These results indicate that forming covalent bonds between PBSt and silica matrix through MPTES by the UV‐promoted thiol‐ene reaction improves the homogeneity of the hybrids. The thermal analyses of the hybrids using TGA show the silica components are almost quantitatively introduced into the resulting hybrids. The DSC measurements show that the resulting hybrids have higher Tg than the original organic polymer.
Drivers of green apparel consumption: Digging a little deeper into green apparel buying intentions
Authors: Tandon Anushree , Sithipolvanichgul Juthamon , Asmi Fahad , Anwar Muhammad Azfar , Dhir Amandeep 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe apparel industry's sustainability is gaining scholars' attention amidst increasing concerns about its environmental impacts. However, to ensure that the industry's efforts in environmental preservation succeed, it is crucial to identify the factors that can positively influence consumers' purchase or buying intentions for green apparel. However, at present, this topic is relatively understudied. Assimilating the norm activation model (NAM) and the stimulus–organism–response (SOR), we investigate economic, cognitive and ecological factors as antecedents to consumers' green apparel buying intentions. Additionally, we adapt the model to consider consumers' knowledge about apparel production as a moderator. Empirically analysing data from 478 apparel consumers from the USA through structural equation modelling, we found significant roles for affordance, ecological concerns and ascription of responsibility as stimuli influencing an individual's cognitive state through green self‐efficacy, green attitude and personal norms. The latter, in turn, affects the individual's buying intentions. Our findings entail several suggestions to help scholars, policymakers and business managers positively influence consumers to make green purchase decisions. We contribute significantly to the literature by explaining the nuances of driving factors that promote green apparel buying, and practitioners can leverage them to devise appropriate strategic tactics supporting such consumption practices.
Two New C19‐Diterpenoid Alkaloids from Delphinium shawurense
Authors: Ablajan Nurfida , Xue Wen‐Juan , Zhao Jiang‐Yu , Sardorbek Abdubakiev , Boymirzayevich Begmatov Nurmirza , Sagdullaev Shamansur , Zhao Bo , Akber Aisa Haji 
Published: January 2023

AbstractShawurenine C (1a) and D (1b), a new pair of regioisomeric C19‐diterpenoid alkaloids, and five known C19‐diterpenoid alkaloids (2–6) were isolated from the aerial part of Delphinium shawurense W. T. Wang. The chemical structures of new compounds were established based on spectroscopic analyses: HR‐ESI‐MS, and 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The anti‐inflammatory and cytotoxic activities of these diterpenoid alkaloids were also evaluated.