bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel mapping approach to design FSS‐based microwave absorbers for relaxed manufacturing tolerances
Authors: Fu Bin , Wan Guo‐Bin , Ma Xin , Chen Yu‐Xu , Jiao Xin‐Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA novel mapping approach is proposed to relax the manufacturing tolerances of FSS‐based microwave absorbers (MAs). A general reverse formulation for multilayered FSS‐based MAs is first deduced, and then the design objective of reflection coefficient |Γ| is mapped to a solution region of FSS's surface impedance Zs. Together with HFSS, the base FSS configuration with maximum acceptable tolerance can be identified through optimization, where target parameters have the widest variations with Zs located in the solution regions. Compared with the conventional overdesign‐before‐verification strategy for tolerances, the proposed approach explicitly visualizes the design solutions and achieves the maximum acceptable tolerances without an empirical trial‐and‐error process. Finally, aiming at the standard manufacturing tolerance of sheet resistance R□, the proposed approach is experimentally verified by a wideband absorber designed with a maximum R□ tolerance of ±21.4%. The measured result shows that the structure can easily fulfill the objective under the standard ±20% R□ tolerance.
Immune‐Related Disorders Associated With Ménière's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Lopez‐Escamez Jose A. , Vela Jesus , Frejo Lidia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze evidence supporting an association between immune‐related diseases and Ménière's disease (MD) since it has long been thought to be related to autoimmune disorders and allergies.Data SourcesWe retrieved records from Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library to identify studies published between January 2002 and October 2022.Review MethodsArticles were independently assessed by 2 reviewers and verified by a third reviewer. Published cross‐sectional studies, cohort/longitudinal studies, case series, and noncomparative cohort studies were considered eligible for inclusion. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis according to a registered protocol on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses guidelines. Selected studies were classified into 2 groups: epidemiological and genetic association studies. Relative frequencies and odds ratios (ORs) for each autoinflammatory/autoimmune disease or genetic marker reported to be associated with MD.ResultsFifteen studies from 6 countries met our inclusion criteria. Nine are epidemiological studies and 6 are genetic association studies. The epidemiological studies were used to perform 3 different meta‐analyses. Airway allergic disease and autoimmune thyroid disease showed a significant association with MD (OR = 2.27 [2.08‐2.48] and OR = 1.35 [1.25‐1.46]); while rheumatoid arthritis did not (OR = 0.63 [0.28‐1.41]). Other comorbidities also showed a significant association with MD like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, vitiligo, fibromyalgia, arthritis, and psoriasis.ConclusionEpidemiological evidence supports an association between MD and immune‐related disorders in European and Asian populations, with population‐specific effects. The evaluation of thyroid diseases, airway allergic diseases, and other inflammatory diseases should be implemented in the clinical management of MD patients.
Comparative study of touchable plasma devices on transdermal drug delivery
Authors: Tian Di , Lv Yang , Nie LanLan , Li Xu , Liu Jialin , Lu XinPei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLow‐temperature plasma is a new transdermal drug delivery method that is different from the traditional physical and chemical methods. In this study, three touchable plasma jet devices are selected, such as direct current (DC) air plasma jet, DC helium plasma jet, and pulsed helium plasma jet. The patent blue V 1159.43 Da has been chosen for percutaneous penetration studies. The results show that 1 min DC air and helium plasma treatment significantly enhanced transdermal drug delivery by 9 and 26 times, respectively. The enhancement of pulsed plasma jet is the weakest. The skin histological analysis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement shows that nonuniform distribution of ROS in DC helium and DC air plasma may cause perforation on the whole epidermis and allow more drug permeation.
Clinical profile of influenza virus‐related hospitalizations in children aged 1–59 months: A five‐year retrospective study from south India
Authors: Thangaraj Abarna , Anbazhagan Jagadeesh , Chandrasekaran Venkatesh , Philomenadin Ferdinamarie Sharmila , Dhodapkar Rahul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundInfluenza is a seasonal acute respiratory tract infection with different strains in circulation at different time periods with varying spectrum of clinical presentation.ObjectivesTo study the clinical presentation, morbidity, and mortality patterns associated with different strains of influenza virus, to identify the predominant strains related to hospitalization, and to identify the seasonal trend in hospitalization and risk factors for mortality in children aged 1–59 months hospitalized with influenza.Materials and MethodsThe records of children hospitalized with influenza were analyzed retrospectively (June 2013 to June 2018). Anonymized data from the Medical Records Department of our Institute, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), were used for the study and waiver of consent was obtained from the Institute Ethics Committee for Human Studies (JIPMER), which also approved the study. The data from the medical records were extracted as per the proforma and entered into Microsoft excel and summary statistics was obtained. Categorical data were expressed as proportion and analyzed using chi square test. Association was tested using odds ratio.ResultsOf the 693 children tested for influenza during the study period, 91 were found to be positive for influenza infection and out of which 68 (74.7%) were hospitalized. Infection was seen during both the summer and winter months. The predominant strain being A (H1N1) pdm09 (63.2%). The other strains found were A (H3N2) and Influenza B. The predominant diagnosis was pneumonia. The need for mechanical ventilation was more common with influenza B infection (p = 0.035). No significant risk factors for mortality could be found in our study.ConclusionAn absence of seasonal predilection for the disease was noted with influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 being the predominant strain with influenza B seen as an emerging strain and an important contributor towards morbidity.
Study of the form function and combustion characteristics of partially‐cut stick propellants
Authors: Xue Shao , Wang Hao , Tao Ruyi , Cheng Shenshen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo study the form function and combustion characteristics of partially‐cut stick propellants, this paper derived and established the form function of this complex geometry propellant and analyzed the influence of cutting parameters on the form function. The analysis showed that partially‐cut stick propellants retain the high progressive combustion of multi‐aperture granular propellant, which is proportional to the distance between the notch and inversely proportional to the width of the notch. Based on this, partially‐cut stick propellants with different notches were prepared, and closed vessel tests were conducted. The experimental results showed that the notch had a significant effect on the combustion characteristics of the propellant. When there were notches, the wider the notch, the faster the pressure rise. The pressure in the closed vessel for stick propellants without notches rose the fastest. The burning rate of non‐notched or narrow‐notched fluctuated, while the burning rate of wide‐notched was stable. The dynamic vivacity data showed that the wider the notch, the more stable the change of the burning surface, and the combustion characteristic was closer to the granular propellant. Based on the analysis of form function and combustion characteristics, it is recommended that the notch width be 1 mm and the distance between notches on the same side should be the length of a granular propellant for the double‐base homogeneous 19‐perforated propellant studied in this paper.
Hard nut to crack: Solving the disulfide linkage pattern of the Neosartorya (Aspergillus) fischeri antifungal protein 2
Authors: Váradi Györgyi , Kele Zoltán , Czajlik András , Borics Attila , Bende Gábor , Papp Csaba , Rákhely Gábor , Tóth Gábor K. , Batta Gyula , Galgóczy László 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs a consequence of the fast resistance spreading, a limited number of drugs are available to treat fungal infections. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new antifungal treatment strategies. The features of a disulfide bond‐stabilized antifungal protein, NFAP2 secreted by the mold Neosartorya (Aspergillus) fischeri render it to be a promising template for future protein‐based antifungal drug design, which requires knowledge about the native disulfide linkage pattern as it is one of the prerequisites for biological activity. However, in the lack of tryptic and chymotryptic proteolytic sites in the ACNCPNNCK sequence, the determination of the disulfide linkage pattern of NFAP2 is not easy with traditional mass spectrometry‐based methods. According to in silico predictions working with a preliminary nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) solution structure, two disulfide isomers of NFAP2 (abbacc and abbcac) were possible. Both were chemically synthesized; and comparative reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography, electronic circular dichroism and NMR spectroscopy analyses, and antifungal susceptibility and efficacy tests indicated that the abbcac is the native pattern. This knowledge allowed rational modification of NAFP2 to improve the antifungal efficacy and spectrum through the modulation of the evolutionarily conserved γ‐core region, which is responsible for the activity of several antimicrobial peptides. Disruption of the steric structure of NFAP2 upon γ‐core modification led to the conclusions that this motif may affect the formation of the biologically active three‐dimensional structure, and that the γ‐core modulation is not an efficient tool to improve the antifungal efficacy or to change the antifungal spectrum of NFAP2.
Ethnic context and fertility differential in post‐Soviet Kazakhstan
Authors: Yang Xiaozhao Yousef , Liang Shengyuan , Lu Yun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have often explained fertility differentials between racial groups by aggregate individual characteristics. Emphasizing a spatial perspective, this study argues that the fertility implications of race may depend on the ethnic composition of the local context. This study tested the explanatory power of contextual ethnic composition, measured by diversity and minority share, with the intriguing case of fertility differentials in post‐Soviet Kazakhstan. Multilevel Poisson regressions and decomposition techniques were performed on the pooled 1995 and 1999 Kazakhstan Demographic and Health Surveys. Further sensitivity tests were conducted with the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey‐Kazakhstan 2010–2011 and 2015 surveys. We found that both diversity and minority share are significant contributors to the majority‐minority fertility differential. Specifically, context‐level ethnic diversity is associated with lower fertility (−0.22, p < 0.001) for both Russians and Kazakhs, while a higher share of Russians in the local context reduces the differential between the two groups (−0.26, p < 0.05). Sensitivity test using data from the 2010s reproduced the significant effect of the context‐level share of Russians on fertility. The findings suggest that minority individuals exhibit lower fertility levels in places where their presence is more suppressed. This study contributes to population geography's recognition of the importance of spatial and contextual processes in shaping fertility outcomes for racial/ethnic minorities by impacting their living environment.
Sediment penetration performance of a portable underwater robot for core sampling
Authors: Sakagami Norimitsu , Kawabata Michitaka , Yokoi Kenshiro , Matsuda Shinji , Mitsui Atsushi , Sano Ko , Kawamura Sadao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs described in this paper, we investigate the sediment penetration performance of a portable underwater robot with a helical screw pipe using marine thrusters with limited force. First, we derive a mathematical model based on an empirical and simple method using the undrained shear strength of cohesive soil to provide a rough estimate of maximum penetration depths. Then, we perform numerical analysis for estimating the maximum depth of sediment penetration and for designing a sampling pipe. Additionally, we use experimentation to investigate the relation between the penetration depth of the helical screw pipe and the force of marine thrusters mounted on the portable underwater robot. After testing the penetration performance in a water tank, we conduct a field experiment at Lake Biwa and obtain results of the penetration depths. The maximum penetration into the lake sediment is at least 0.30 m. The results demonstrated the possibility of using the derived mathematical model to make a rough estimation of the maximum penetration depth for clay sediments. Additionally, we can use non‐powerful thrusters equipped with small autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) for sediment sampling. The proposed method is also applicable for the installation of underwater sensors using small AUVs and ROVs.
The Structure, Preparation, Characterization, and Intercalation Mechanism of Layered Hydroxides Intercalated with Guest Anions
Authors: Chen Zongkun , Fan Qiqi , Huang Minghua , Cölfen Helmut 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince the intercalation of anions into layered hydroxides (LHs) has a great impact not only on their nucleation and growth but also on their structure, composition, and size, the intercalation chemistry of LHs has aroused the strong interest of researchers. However, the progress in the fundamental understanding of LHs intercalated with guest anions have not been paralleled by a concomitant development of the preparation and performance improvement of such materials. Considering the guidance of a timely in‐depth review for scientists in this area, a systematic introduction about the development that is made on the above‐mentioned issues is highly needed but yet missing so far. Herein, recent advances in understanding the chemical composition and structure of LHs intercalated with guest anions are systematically summarized. Meanwhile, typical and emerging bottom‐up synthesis methods of LHs intercalated with anions are reviewed, and the potential impact of external reaction parameters on the intercalation of anions into LHs are discussed . Besides, different analytical characterization techniques employed in the examination of guest anion‐intercalated LHs are deliberated upon. Finally, although progress is slow in exploring the intercalation mechanism, as many examples as possible are included in this review and inferred the possible intercalation mechanism.
Research Progress of Organic Field‐Effect Transistor Based Chemical Sensors
Authors: Shen Zhengqi , Huang Wei , Li Li , Li Huizi , Huang Jia , Cheng Jiangong , Fu Yanyan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to their high sensitivity and selectivity, chemical sensors have gained significant attention in various fields, including drug security, environmental testing, food safety, and biological medicine. Among them, organic field‐effect transistor (OFET) based chemical sensors have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional sensors, exhibiting several advantages such as multi‐parameter detection, room temperature operation, miniaturization, flexibility, and portability. This review paper presents recent research progress on OFET‐based chemical sensors, highlighting the enhancement of sensor performance, including sensitivity, selectivity, stability, etc. The main improvement programs are improving the internal and external structures of the device, as well as the organic semiconductor layer and dielectric structure. Finally, an outlook on the prospects and challenges of OFET‐based chemical sensors is presented.
A bioenergetics-based index of habitat suitability: Spatial dynamics of foraging constraints and food limitation for a rare estuarine fish
Authors: Smith William E. , Nobriga Matthew L. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Habitat suitability models can guide restoration efforts in freshwater and estuarine ecosystems by synthesizing important habitat attributes in a single index. Several important elements of the foraging arena of Delta Smelt Hypomesus transpacificus, a small, zooplanktivorous fish, were quantified using a model that combined bioenergetics with physical habitat attributes. We applied the model to evaluate spatiotemporal variation in the suitability of Delta Smelt foraging habitat as indicated by growth potential.

Methods
Bioenergetics-based estimates of daily potential growth, given constraints on daily foraging due to temperature, turbidity, day length, and prey availability, were compared to reference growth, estimated separately from length-at-age data. We defined suitable foraging arenas for Delta Smelt as times and places when potential growth equaled or exceeded reference growth.

Result
Among six contiguous regions of the upper San Francisco Estuary, temperature was consistently lowest and turbidity highest in the most seaward locations. As a result, predicted growth rates were greater there compared to landward, upstream regions that were warmer and less turbid.

Conclusion
Simulated habitat augmentation of prey and turbidity revealed that the effects of potential restoration actions could vary regionally as the factors limiting Delta Smelt foraging varied along longitudinal and seasonal gradients. Models of the spatiotemporal variation in Delta Smelt habitat may be substantially improved by directed laboratory studies; however, this research provided a data-driven example of how dynamic estuarine habitat attributes interact to influence the suitability of foraging arenas experienced by a pelagic fish.
Exponential Smoothing of Quadrature Amplitude Modulation for Power Quality Disturbance Detecting and Classification
Authors: Altintasi Cagri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, exponential smoothing (ES)‐based quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is applied to detect and classify the power quality (PQ) events with high accuracy and low complexity. Considering the IEEE‐1159 standards, in the simulation environment, 14 different power quality distortion signals are produced. Each of these signals is modulated at the fundamental frequency by QAM. The high‐frequency constituents in the in‐phase and quadratic components resulting from the QAM are filtered by the ES. PQ events are detected and classified by extracting features from the filtered in phase and quadrature component. The performance of the proposed method is examined by taking randomly selected data samples for each PQ event, and its performance is and , respectively, at noiseless and dB SNR environments. The obtained results are compared with the others in the literature for the detection and classification of PQ events, and it is shown that the proposed method has better performance in noisy and noiseless conditions. In addition, to verify that the proposed method can be applied to real systems, oscillating transitions produced by capacitor banks in Simulink environment and voltage sag and swell events are generated in experimental environment. The proposed method successfully detected and classified PQ events. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Comprehensive analysis of the prognosis and biological significance of RORβ in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zheng Jiawen , Tang Hong , Yang Yixin , Yang Kai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent studies have shown that abnormal expression of the core circadian clock gene, retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor β (RORβ), is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of various malignant tumors. However, the expression and function of RORβ in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unclear. Here, we comprehensively investigated the altered expression, clinical significance, prognostic value, and biological functions of RORβ in HNSC, as well as its correlation with changes in the tumor immune microenvironment. We found that RORβ expression was decreased in HNSC and 19 other cancers. Low RORβ expression was significantly associated with tumor size, clinical stage, and survival time in HNSC patients, indicating that it may have diagnostic and prognostic value in HNSCC. Epigenetic analysis showed that the promoter methylation level of RORβ was significantly higher in HNSCC compared to adjacent noncancerous tissues. Furthermore, RORβ hypermethylation was significantly associated with low expression levels of RORβ and poor prognosis in HNSCC patients (p < 0.05). Enrichment analysis found that RORβ was involved in immune system regulation and T‐cell activation, as well as the PI3K/AKT and ECM receptors interaction pathways. In vitro assays revealed that RORβ regulated the proliferation, migration and invasion ability of HNSCC cells. Additionally, we found that RORβ expression was significantly correlated with changes in the tumor immune microenvironment, suggesting it may affect prognosis by regulating immune infiltration in HNSC patients. Therefore, RORβ may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HNSCC patients.
Evaluation of the usage of incisional liposomal bupivacaine as a local anaesthetic for dogs undergoing limb amputation
Authors: Villatoro Ashley S , Phelps Holly A , Ganjei Justin B 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBupivacaine lioposomal suspension has recently emerged in the veterinary field for local analgesia.ObjectiveTo describe the extra‐label administration of bupivacaine liposomal suspension at the incision site of dogs undergoing limb amputation and characterize any complications.Study DesignNonblinded retrospective study.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs undergoing limb amputation from 2016 to 2020.MethodsMedical records of dogs undergoing limb amputation with concurrent use of long‐acting liposomal bupivacaine suspension were reviewed for incisional complications, adverse effects, hospitalization length, and time to alimentation. Data were compared to a control group (CG) of dogs who underwent a limb amputation procedure without concurrent use of liposomal bupivacaine suspension.ResultsForty‐six dogs were included in the liposomal bupivacaine group (LBG) and 44 cases in the CG. The CG had 15 incidences of incisional complications (34%) compared to 6 within the LBG (13%). Four dogs required revisional surgery in the CG (9%) whereas none of the dogs required revisional surgery in the LBG. Time from surgery to discharge was statistically higher in the CG compared to the LBG (p = 0.025). First time to alimentation was statistically higher in the CG (p value = 0.0002). The total number of rechecks needed postoperatively revealed the CG having a statistically significant increase in recheck evaluations (p = 0.001).ConclusionsExtra‐label administration of liposomal bupivacaine suspension was well‐tolerated in dogs undergoing limb amputation. Liposomal bupivacaine usage did not increase incisional complication rates and its use allowed for a quicker time to discharge.Clinical significanceSurgeons should consider inclusion of extra‐label administration of liposomal bupivacaine in analgesic regimens for dogs undergoing limb amputation.