bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrasting life cycles of Southern Ocean pteropods alter their vulnerability to climate change
Authors: Gardner Jessie , Peck Victoria L. , Bakker Dorothee C. E. , Tarling Geraint A. , Manno Clara 
Published: May 2023

Pteropods are a key part of biogeochemical cycling and epipelagic food webs in the Southern Ocean. However, shelled pteropods are vulnerable to climate change, due to their aragonite shells being particularly sensitive to ocean acidification. Currently our understanding of pteropod responses to environmental change is hindered by uncertainties surrounding their life cycles and population dynamics. In this study, we describe polar shelled pteropod diversity in the north-eastern Scotia Sea, inferring life history and population structures of the dominant pteropod species,Limacina rangii(formerlyLimacina helicina antarctica) andLimacina retroversa. An annual timeseries ofLimacinashell morphometrics was derived from individuals collected in a moored sediment trap at 400 m depth. We found thatL. rangiiandL. retroversahave contrasting life history strategies.L. rangiihas a continuous spawning and recruitment period from November to March and can overwinter as juveniles and adults.L. retroversahas discrete spawning events from November to May, producing non–overlapping cohorts of juveniles and adults. Their development to the adult stage takes between two and five months, upon which they overwinter as adults. Our findings suggest different vulnerabilities ofL. rangiiandL. retroversato a changing ocean. For example, since all life stages ofL. rangiico-exist, vulnerability of one cohort is not detrimental to the stability of the overall population whereas, if oneL. retroversacohort fails to recruit, the entire population is threatened. Changes in pteropod populations could have cascading ramifications to Antarctic ecosystems and carbon cycling.
Spatial patterns of white matter hyperintensities: a systematic review
Authors: Botz Jonas , Lohner Valerie , Schirmer Markus D. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundWhite matter hyperintensities are an important marker of cerebral small vessel disease. This disease burden is commonly described as hyperintense areas in the cerebral white matter, as seen on T2-weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging data. Studies have demonstrated associations with various cognitive impairments, neurological diseases, and neuropathologies, as well as clinical and risk factors, such as age, sex, and hypertension. Due to their heterogeneous appearance in location and size, studies have started to investigate spatial distributions and patterns, beyond summarizing this cerebrovascular disease burden in a single metric–its volume. Here, we review the evidence of association of white matter hyperintensity spatial patterns with its risk factors and clinical diagnoses.Design/methodsWe performed a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Statement. We used the standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging criteria to construct a search string for literature search on PubMed. Studies written in English from the earliest records available until January 31st, 2023, were eligible for inclusion if they reported on spatial patterns of white matter hyperintensities of presumed vascular origin.ResultsA total of 380 studies were identified by the initial literature search, of which 41 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria. These studies included cohorts based on mild cognitive impairment (15/41), Alzheimer’s disease (14/41), Dementia (5/41), Parkinson’s disease (3/41), and subjective cognitive decline (2/41). Additionally, 6 of 41 studies investigated cognitively normal, older cohorts, two of which were population-based, or other clinical findings such as acute ischemic stroke or reduced cardiac output. Cohorts ranged from 32 to 882 patients/participants [median cohort size 191.5 and 51.6% female (range: 17.9–81.3%)]. The studies included in this review have identified spatial heterogeneity of WMHs with various impairments, diseases, and pathologies as well as with sex and (cerebro)vascular risk factors.ConclusionThe results show that studying white matter hyperintensities on a more granular level might give a deeper understanding of the underlying neuropathology and their effects. This motivates further studies examining the spatial patterns of white matter hyperintensities.
Efficacy and safety of antibiotic agents in the treatment of rosacea: a systemic network meta-analysis
Authors: Xiao Wenqin , Chen Mengting , Wang Ben , Huang Yingxue , Zhao Zhixiang , Deng Zhili , Xie Hongfu , Li Ji , Tang Yan 
Published: May 2023

Background: Antibiotics are considered the backbone of rosacea management, especially for controlling inflammatory papules and pustules. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and safety of varied prescriptions and doses of antibiotics in treating rosacea by network meta-analysis.Methods: In this study, we compared all available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have studied systemic and topical antibiotics and placebo in rosacea therapy. We searched databases such as the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and LILACS for published and unpublished RCTs on ClinicalTrials.gov before April 2023. The primary outcome was the improvement of the Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) scores, and the secondary outcomes consisted of the improvement of the Patient's Global Assessment (PaGA) scores, Clinician's Erythema Assessment (CEA) scores, and adverse events (AEs). We used Bayesian random effects models for multiple treatment comparisons.Results: We identified 1,703 results through these databases. Thirty-one randomized trials with 8,226 patients were included. The heterogeneity and inconsistency between the trials were low, with a low risk of bias of all trials. Oral doxycycline 40 mg, minocycline 100 mg, and minocycline 40 mg, as well as topical ivermectin and metronidazole 0.75%, were effective in treating papules and pustules, thereby decreasing IGA in rosacea. Among these, minocycline 100 mg ranked top in efficacy. As for improving the PaGA scores, topical ivermectin, metronidazole 1%, and systemic oxytetracycline were effective, of which oxytetracycline worked the best. Both doxycycline 40 mg and metronidazole 0.75% presented no therapeutic effect for erythema. Considering the safety of the agents, systemic application of azithromycin and doxycycline 100 mg significantly increase the risk of AEs.Conclusion: Our review suggests that a high dosage of systemic minocycline is the most effective in treating rosacea phenotypes with papules and pustules with a low risk of AEs. However, there were no sufficient evidence-based data in exploring the influence of antibiotics on erythema. The phenotype of rosacea should be taken into consideration along with benefit and safety when making prescriptions due to AEs.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT(2016): http://cochranelibrary-wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/962/CN-01506962/frame.html NCT(2017): http://cochranelibrary-wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/764/CN-01565764/frame.html
Identification of the informational and supportive needs of patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease: a scoping review
Authors: Norouzkhani Narges , Faramarzi Mahbobeh , Ghodousi Moghadam Sara , Karimi Mohammad Amin , Shokri Shirvani Javad , Bahari Ali , ShojaeiBaghini Mahdie , Eslami Saeid , Tabesh Hamed 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundInflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) affects the quality of life. Patient education and support needs are crucial components of comprehensive chronic illness care. The main purposes of this review were to (i) explore the informational and supportive needs of these patients to improve the quality of life in the existing literature and (ii) identify the gaps related to the needs of the patients in articles.MethodsThe scoping review is based on the Daudt methodological framework, a modified version of Arksey and O'Malley. Electronic databases were extensively searched from January 01, 2000 to April 30, 2022. Four electronic databases (PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, APA PsycArticles, and ProQuest) were searched using controlled vocabulary, and specific keywords. The searched terms were matched to each database. We manually searched two key journals, namely the Journal of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Journal of Crohn's and Colitis.ResultsIn the review, 75 studies on the assessment of the information and support needs of patients with IBD were reviewed. In this regard, 62 and 53 studies were regarding information needs and support needs, respectively. Most of the information needs of patients with IBD reported in the studies were related to diet needs, and educational needs were the most essential support needs.ConclusionsHealth policymakers and managers can develop care and educational programs related to this disease in health centers according to the needs of the patients. Health professionals, especially gastroenterologists, are the primary referral sources for information on patients. Therefore, gastroenterologists can take the lead in planning and educating the patients and sharing their decisions.Systematic review registrationOSF, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3MWGJ.
RACS2: a framework of a remote autonomous control system for telescope observation and its application
Authors: Wang Zhi-Yue , Zhang Guang-Yu , Wang Jian , Geng Zhe , Zhu Ze-Yu , Jia Ming-Hao , Zhang Qian , Zheng Zhen-Hao , Ge Kun , Gu Jia-Yao , Zhu Lu-Cheng , Zhang Hong-Fei 
Published: May 2023

With the increasing demand for astronomical observations, telescope systems are becoming increasingly complex. Thus, the observatory control software needs to be more intelligent. It has to control each instrument inside the observatory, finish the observational tasks autonomously, and report the information to users if needed. We developed a distributed autonomous observatory control framework named the Remote Autonomous Control System 2nd (RACS2) to meet these requirements. Rich features are integrated into the RACS2 framework. The RACS2 is a modular framework, in which each device control software and system services are implemented as different components. Furthermore, the RACS2 framework assimilates new techniques, such as a lightweight message and serialization mechanism. RACS2 also has good compatibility with other frameworks or ecosystems such as Python and the EPICS (Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System). The RACS2 framework can communicate with EPICS-based and Python-based software. With the help of these features, key system components like executor, scheduler are developed. The executor component can support sophisticated tasks. Autonomous observation can be achieved by the scheduler component. A set of web-based graphical user interface (GUI) is designed to help control and manage the framework remotely. Based on the RACS2 framework, we have implemented the Dome A Twins (DATs) telescope’s observation system and the space object observation system. The systems have been operated for more than 1 year. The RACS2 framework also has been used in our other projects like camera control system of Wide Field Survey Telescope (WFST) and its observatory control system, and the design can be a useful reference for the development of other frameworks.
Probiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from the Spontaneously Fermented Soybean Foods of the Eastern Himalayas
Authors: Kharnaior Pynhunlang , Tamang Jyoti Prakash 
Published: May 2023

Spontaneously fermented soybean foods with sticky-textured and umami-flavor are popular delicacies of multi-ethnic communities of the Eastern Himalayas. Even though species of Bacillus have been reported earlier as pre-dominant bacteria, we hypothesized that some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) present in these unique soy-based foods may exhibit probiotic properties. Hence, the present study is aimed to evaluate some probiotic attributes of LAB. A total of 352 bacterial isolates from spontaneously fermented soybean foods of the Eastern Himalayas viz., kinema, grep-chhurpi, peha, peron namsing and peruñyaan were preliminarily screened for survival in low pH, bile salt tolerance, and cell surface hydrophobicity. Finally, eight probiotic LAB were selected and identified, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, as Pediococcus acidilactici Ki20 and Enterococcus faecium Kn19 (isolated from kinema), E. faecalis Gc21 (grep-chhurpi), P. acidilactici Ph32 (peha), E. faecium Pn11 and E. faecalis Pn37 (peron namsing), E. lactis Py03, and E. lactis Py08 (peruñyaan). In vitro probiotic attributes, E. faecium Kn19 (73.67 ± 1.05) and P. acidilactici Ph32 (79.71 ± 0.13%) recorded higher survival ability in acid and bile salt test, respectively. Furthermore, attachment ability of isolates to hydrocarbons showed ≥80% adhesion property with E. faecalis Gc21 (90.50 ± 10.14%) marked the highest degree of hydrophobicity, and P. acidilactici Ki20 showed the higher auto-aggregation and co-aggregation property. LAB strains were able to produce antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Genetic screening revealed the presence of genes responsible for acid tolerance (groEl, clpL), bile salt tolerance (apf, bsh), adhesion (msa, mub1), and bacteriocin producing genes for pediocin (pedA, pedB) and enterocin (entA, entB). The present study highlighted the probiotic potentials of LAB strains isolated from Himalayan naturally fermented soybean foods that may be developed as a starter or co-starter culture for controlled and optimized fermentation of soybeans.
Effect of Post-Welding Aging Treatment on the Microstructure and High-Temperature Properties of Inertia Friction Welded GH4065A Joint
Authors: Cao Sheng , Li Xiaoguang , Liu Jiatao , Zhang Chunbo , Zhou Jun , Cui Lei 
Published: May 2023

In this study, post-welding aging treatments were applied to a novel Ni-based superalloy GH4065A inertia friction welding (IFW) joint to improve its high-temperature properties. The effect of aging treatment on the microstructure and creep resistance of the IFW joint was systematically investigated. The results indicated that the original γ′ precipitates in the weld zone almost completely dissolved during the welding process, and fine tertiary γ′ precipitated during the subsequent cooling process. Aging treatment did not significantly change the characteristics of grain structures and primary γ′ in the IFW joint. After aging, the size of tertiary γ′ in the weld zone and secondary γ′ in the base material increased, but their morphology and volume fraction did not change evidently. After 760 °C, 5 h aging treatment, the tertiary γ′ in the weld zone of the joint grew from 12.4 nm to 17.6 nm. Correspondingly, the creep rupture time of the joint at 650 °C and 950 MPa increased from 7.51 h to 147.28 h, which is about 19.61 times higher than that of the as-welded joint. The creep rupture was more likely to occur in the base material instead of the weld zone for the IFW joint. This revealed that the creep resistance of the weld zone was significantly improved after aging due to the growth of tertiary γ′. However, increasing the aging temperature or extending the aging time promoted the growth of secondary γ′ in the base material, and meanwhile, M23C6 carbides tended to continuously precipitate at the grain boundaries of the base material. It might decrease the creep resistance of the base material.
History and research of intonation in English and American linguistics
Authors: Jafarov Sarkhan 
Published: May 2023

This article presents a comprehensive linguistic analysis of intonation with a systematic identification of the most important functions and features of the phonetic design of this phenomenon based on the American film "Clueless". Due to the fact that the action of the film takes place at school and touches upon the problem of social groups among young people, the characters' speech is filled with jargon and speech phenomena accompanying intonation (in particular, Vocal Fry, a discursive marker like), and demonstrates the use of this intonation.
It is important to note that the index, or personal-social function of intonation is of the greatest value in this study, i.e. “The ability of intonation to identify the speaker's personality”.
Peracangan Sistem Informasi Pengolahan Data Bimbingan Konseling Berbasis Web Pada SMKN 2 Kota Jambi
Authors: Prasetyo Guruh , Jasmir  , Aryani Lies 
Published: May 2023

SMKN 2 Kota Jambi merupakan sekolah yang beralamat di Jl. Kopral Ramli, Pasir Putih, Kec. Jambi Sel, Kota Jambi. bimbingan konseling di SMKN 2 Kota Jambi belum menggunakan sistem terkomputerisasi. Semua pendataan dilakukan hanya dengan cara pencatatan manual dibuku. Sehingga mengakibatkan kendala seperti evaluasi perkembangan siswa kurang bisa berjalan dengan baik, karena pencatatan tentang konsultasi siswa serta pelanggaran siswa tidak berurutan atau dicatat secara acak (Random) bukan berdasarkan kategori permasalahan siswa dan waktu kejadian. Sulitnya pencarian data, karena data belum terorganisir dengan baik, sehingga pencarian data memerlukan waktu yang lama. ditemukan pada pendataan siswa yang bermasalah dalam bidang akademik, mulai dari absensi alpa yang melebihi batas maksimal dan siswa yang mendekati drop out, serta laporan penanganan siswa bermasalah masih berupa konvensional. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Merancang Sistem informasi Pengolahan Data Bimbingan Konseling Berbasis Web Pada SMKN 2 Kota Jambi. Tahapan yang akan dilakukan dalam penyelesaian masalah yang dibahas yaitu, melakukan identifikasi, melakukan pencarian informasi berdasarkan landasan- landasan teori, pengumpulan data dengan metode observasi dan wawancara, menganalisis untuk mencari solusi atas permasalahan yang didhadapi SMKN 2 Kota Jambi. Pengembangan sistem menggunakan model air terjun (waterfall), implementasi penelitian ini menggunakan Bahasa Perograman PHP dan DBMS MySQL. Hingga Membantu Admin meminimalisir terjadinya kehilangan data dan meningkatkan kinerja dalam mengelola data.
Eksploitasi Anak Pada Tradisi Pacuan Kuda Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif
Authors: Nurfitriani  , Hidayatullah Syarif , Mahmudah Husnatul , Zuhrah  , Sanusi Gufran 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini tentang tradisi pacuan kuda yang menggunakan anak sebagai joki (joki cilik) di Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis tentang ekploitasi anak yang terjadi pada tradisi pacuan kuda. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode yuridis empiris atau sosiological. Pendekatan yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan fenomenologi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pacuan kuda yang melibatkan anak sebagai joki adalah adanya ekploitasi ekonomi. Dimana anak-anak diarahkan untuk menjadi joki dengan harapan mendapatkan imbalan/upah. Anak-anak melakukan aktivitas sebagai joki menggadaikan nyawa karena hal tersebut sangat berbahaya baik secara fisik maupun psikis anak. Dalam perspektif sejarah, pacuan kuda di Bima tidak menggunakan anak-anak sebagai joki. Namun seiring waktu karena dipengaruhi oleh aktivitas perjudian, anak-anak menjadi pilihan terbaik agar kuda dapat berlari kencang. Keterlibatan anak menjadi joki menyebabkan permasalahan laten di masyarakat. Seperti adanya eksploitasi anak untuk meningkatkan ekonomi keluarga, sehingga hak dasar anak yang lain terabaikan. Berdasarkan analisis perspektif hukum Islam dan Hukum positif diketahui bahwa hak-hak anak yang lalai dalam pemenuhannya adalah: (1) Pendidikan formal yang terbengkalai; (2) rentan mengalami kecelakaan/luka fisik. Orang tua yang seharusnya memiliki kewajiban untuk memenuhi kebutuhan anak, bukan sebaliknya. Menempatkan anak sebagai pekerja sama halnya dengan mengabaikan kewajiban orang tua, serta mendzolimi anak karena memberikan beban berlebihan yang tidak sesuai dengan usianya.
Kata Kunci: Eksploitasi, Anak, Joki, Pacuan Kuda
The effectiveness comparison of appendectomy action through the antibiotic therapy administration in acute appendicitis patients
Authors: Yuliavita Shelvy , Fu Nakamura Ivy , Priscilla Caroline Simatupang Eirene , Sardjono Michelle , Nurjadi Nicolas 
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this research to compare the effectiveness of appendectomy by administering non-operative management in the form of antibiotics in acute appendicitis patients. The research method used descriptive qualitative through the Literature Review (LR) approach. The data source used a secondary source. Data analysis technique selects literature based on title, year, and indexed articles, then reviews articles that match the subject matter. the articles from those journals are compared to find the differences and similarities. A literature review of four PubMed, DOAJ, Cochrane, and Google Scholar databases published in the last five years, i.e. from 2018-2022. Twelve pieces of literature were obtained and reported the advantages and disadvantages of each procedure. Apshortextomy keeps the gold standard with a lower risk of recurrence and severity and a higher treatment success rate. Appendectomy is also required for appendicitis cases with complications. However, antibiotic therapy has advantages with lower levels of complications, fewer costs, and fewer hospital stays. The success rate of non-operative therapy in the form of antibiotics can reach 65-75%, while it can reach 67,1% in children. There are differences in research results related to the effectiveness of appendectomy and antibiotic therapy in acute appendicitis patients. Each of these therapeutic procedures has its advantages and disadvantages. It is very important to be concerned about the urgency and expectations of the patient in selecting this therapy.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BUBUR BUAH KELAPA MUDA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MARSHMALOW
Authors: Beat Cornelia E. F. , Lalujan Lana E. , Djarkasi Gregoria S. S. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to obtain the best concentration of young coconut pulp based on the sensory value, chemical and physical composition of the marshmalow. The study was carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD), with the addition of coconut pulp treatment consisting of 4 treatment levels, namely, A (0% fruit pulp), B (10% fruit pulp), C (20% fruit pulp), and D (30% pulp). The parameters analyzed were sensory properties, density, moisture content, ash content, reducing sugar content, and fat. The results of the research on making marshmalows with the addition of young coconut pulp showed that treatment C (20% pulp) was the most preferred treatment based on color, aroma, taste, and texture and had a density value of 0.56 g / cm3, 24 moisture content. 18%, ash content 0.21%, reducing sugar 6.53%, and fat 1.55%. Keywords: coconut, marshmalow. ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi bubur buah kelapa muda terbaik berdasarkan nilai sensoris, komposisi kimia dan fisik dari marshmalow. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan perlakuan penambahan bubur buah kelapa muda yang terdiri dari 4 taraf perlakuan yaitu, A (0% bubur buah), B (10% bubur buah), C (20% bubur buah), dan D (30% bubur buah). Parameter yang di analisis adalah sifat sensoris, densitas, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar gula reduksi, dan lemak. Hasil penelitian pembuatan marshmalow dengan penambahan bubur buah kelapa muda menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan C (20% bubur buah) merupakan perlakuan yang paling disukai panelis berdasarkan warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur dan memiliki nilai densitas 0,56 g/cm3, kadar air 24,18%, kadar abu 0,21%, gula reduksi 6,53%, dan lemak 1,55%. Kata kunci: kelapa, marshmallow.