bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor vaccine based on extracellular vesicles derived from γδ‐T cells exerts dual antitumor activities
Authors: Wang Xiwei , Zhang Yanmei , Chung Yuet , Tu Chloe Ran , Zhang Wenyue , Mu Xiaofeng , Wang Manni , Chan Godfrey Chi‐Fung , Leung Wing‐Hang , Lau Yu‐Lung , Liu Yinping , Tu Wenwei 
Published: September 2023

Abstractγδ‐T cells are innate‐like T cells with dual antitumor activities. They can directly eradicate tumor cells and function as immunostimulatory cells to promote antitumor immunity. Previous studies have demonstrated that small extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from γδ‐T cells (γδ‐T‐EVs) inherited the dual antitumor activities from their parental cells. However, it remains unknown whether γδ‐T‐EVs can be designed as tumors vaccine to improve therapeutic efficacy. Here, we found that γδ‐T‐EVs had immune adjuvant effects on antigen‐presenting cells, as revealed by enhanced expression of antigen‐presenting and co‐stimulatory molecules, secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and antigen‐presenting ability of DCs after γδ‐T‐EVs treatment. The γδ‐T‐EVs‐based vaccine was designed by loading tumor‐associated antigens (TAAs) into γδ‐T‐EVs. Compared with γδ‐T‐EVs, the γδ‐T‐EVs‐based vaccine effectively promoted more tumor‐specific T‐cell responses. In addition, the vaccine regimen preserved direct antitumor effects and induced tumor cell apoptosis. Interestingly, the allogeneic γδ‐T‐EVs‐based vaccine showed comparable preventive and therapeutic antitumor effects to their autologous counterparts, indicating a better way of centralization and standardization in clinical practice. Furthermore, the allogeneic γδ‐T‐EVs‐based vaccine displayed advantages over the DC‐EVs‐based vaccine through their dual antitumor activities. This study provides a proof‐of‐concept for using the allogeneic γδ‐T‐EVs‐based vaccine in cancer control.
Spatiotemporal distribution and trend analyses of atmospheric rivers affecting British Columbia's Nechako Watershed
Authors: Sobral Bruno S. , Déry Stephen J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch and shared interest in atmospheric rivers (ARs) have increased significantly in recent years, alongside technological improvements that allow better comprehension of these storms. The Nechako River Basin (NRB) in British Columbia, Canada, is significantly affected by ARs originating in the Pacific Ocean. This work analyses the frequency, intensity, duration and trends of ARs in two regions (South and North) near the NRB. Analyses are based on data provided by an updated AR catalogue. The AR catalogue is matched on a daily scale to an adaptation of the AR scale to compile so‐called AR‐Days (ARDs). In the South region, ARDs exhibit stronger associations with hydroclimatic variables total precipitation, rain, snow and snow depth water equivalent (SWE). The Mann–Kendall (MK) trend test was applied to 364 time series created by combining the two closest AR‐monitored regions to the NRB with the annual and seasonal scales of climate data and the adapted AR scale (ARD0‐ARD5). Results show higher AR frequency of mainly beneficial ARDs during fall and a significant reduction of ARD1‐ARD3 in both analysed regions. Rain and total precipitation related to ARD2‐ARD3 also present significant decreasing trends for most sub‐basins of the NRB. The MK test shows a shift in water contribution from total precipitation and rainfall linked to more potentially dangerous ARDs to short‐duration, beneficial ARDs (ARD0). Rain from non‐AR‐related meteorological systems presents an increasing trend for the Upper Nechako sub‐basin, where the Nechako Reservoir is located. Trends are mainly for AR‐related total precipitation and rainfall, and in the northern part of the NRB, results point to the increase of AR‐related SWE.
Novel experimental design paradigm for development of eco‐friendly gradient chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of metronidazole and spiramycin
Authors: Megahed Safa M , Habib Ahmed A. , Hammad Sherin F. , Kamal Amira H. 
Published: September 2023

This work describes the innovative experimental design‐assisted development of a green gradient chromatographic method for concomitant analysis of metronidazole (MTR) and spiramycin (SPR). Two different designs including fractional factorial and Box‐Behnken designs were implemented for screening and optimization steps, respectively. The optimum chromatographic conditions involved a mobile phase consisting of ethanol and 20 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution (pH adjusted to 2.5) in the ratio 2:98 (v/v) for 2 min then the ratio changed to 30:70 (v/v). The flow rate was 1.3 mL/minute. Separation and analysis were performed on X‐bridge C18 (150 mm × 4.6 mm × 3.5 μm) column with diode array detector set at 230 nm. Column oven temperature was 40°C. A linear response was acquired over the range of 5–125 μg/mL for both drugs. Detection and quantitation limits were 0.86 and 2.62 μg/mL for MTR and 0.92 and 2.83 μg/mL for SPR, respectively. The method was implemented for determination of both drugs in three tablet formulations. The method was proved to be green as evaluated by three assessment tools. The application of experimental designs assists in development of a robust green chromatographic method in gradient elution mode for determination of both drugs within reasonable time.
Recovery capacity and ecological restoration strategy of urban green space based on the self‐organization–resilience model
Authors: Hong Wuyang , Han Dong , He Biao , Li Yelin , Liang Minde , Guo Renzhong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUrban greenspace systems are key components of urban ecosystems. However, a quantitative index for the recovery ability of urban green space and a corresponding effective restoration model is lacking. We selected the key indicators that characterize the damage degree and recovery ability of green space ecosystems, constructed an evaluation index system of green space damage, and established a recovery capacity model using the attributes of self‐organization and resilience of green space ecosystems as core attributes. Using the ecosystem damage and recovery capacity indexes, a discrimination matrix of the ecological restoration model, with a total of 12 different scenarios, was constructed to provide a differentiated model of ecological restoration. The highly urbanized Shenzhen Metropolis was selected as the study area. Based on the results, most of the green space in Shenzhen had no damage, however, 13.70% of the space had moderate and severe damage. Most of Shenzhen's green space had a medium recovery capacity level; while 14.21% and 15.69% of the areas had high and low recovery capacities, respectively. We outlined the areas where ecological restoration modes such as nature conservation, auxiliary restoration, and ecological reconstruction need to be applied. Our findings can be used to evaluate the self‐restoration ability of ecological restoration sites and provide a conceptual basis and a case study reference for ecological restoration planning and management of urban green space.
Simulation of vibrating droplets using a phase field approach
Authors: Kunz Jana , Rutz Xenia , Stephan Simon , Hasse Hans , Müller Ralf 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDroplet vibration is an important phenomenon in many technical applications. Correctly predicting the occurring behaviour such as droplet detachment is a challenge for numerical simulations. In this work, a so‐called Navier‐Stokes‐Korteweg model that couples a gas‐liquid phase field to the Navier‐Stokes equations is used to simulate a droplet on a horizontally vibrating surface. Additionally, the equilibrium state of a static droplet on a fixed wall is simulated and the eigenshapes of the static system are investigated. It is found that this static eigenvalue analysis yields possible modes of the dynamic system, and some of the obtained eigenshapes can be recovered in the dynamic simulation.
On outdoor testing procedures of large samples of PV modules
Authors: Lorenzo Eduardo , Moretón Rodrigo , Solorzano Jorge , Martinez‐Moreno Francisco , del Pozo Miguel , Muñoz Mikel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSTC power control of PV module supply requires testing large samples of modules with low uncertainty. This paper analyses the feasibility of outdoor measurements with the modules kept at their operating positions. The classical procedure of recording I‐V curves and translating them to STC in accordance with IEC‐60891:2021 using the cell temperature directly observed at a few points of the rear of the module entails expanded uncertainties larger than 3% (k = 2), which is too much for this procedure being accepted in quality controls with contractual consequences. A convenient procedure for overcoming this barrier consists in comparing the I‐V curves of a tested and a reference module of the same type, both working under the same operating conditions. The latter is mostly secured if they are in adjacent positions. However, when the procedure is applied to large samples of PV modules kept in their operating positions, the distance between both modules can reach tens of meters and significant inter‐module temperature differences can arise. A method for counterbalancing these differences consists of correcting the measured power values by considering the temperature difference observed at the back‐sheet centres of the tested and the reference modules. That also provides clues to estimating the uncertainty of the results. This procedure has been applied in seven testing campaigns, carried out at commercial PV plants. Dedicated instrumentation, based on two radio linked I‐V tracers, allowing the simultaneous measurement of the I‐V curves and of the temperature at the centres of the reference and the tested modules, has been developed for that. The resulting uncertainties are similar to those corresponding to high‐quality solar simulators and low enough for dealing, in practice, with strict quality control requirements.
Die Geheimnisse hochdichter Materie
Authors: Bauswein Andreas 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie extremen Bedingungen bei der Kollision zweier Neutronensterne erzeugen starke Gravitationswellen und elektromagnetische Strahlung, die viel über die innere Struktur der Sterne verraten. Insbesondere können Beobachtungen mit Gravitationswellen‐Detektoren und Teleskopen helfen, die Zustandsgleichung hochdichter Materie zu bestimmen und damit mehr über deren fundamentale Bausteine und Wechselwirkungen zu erfahren. Zahlreiche Einschränkungen konnten schon abgeleitet werden. Neue Observatorien versprechen, weitere Geheimnisse in nicht allzu ferner Zukunft zu lüften.
Eichtheorien im Quantensimulator
Authors: Ott Robert , Hauke Philipp 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungQuantensimulatoren versprechen die kontrollierte Untersuchung komplexer Fragestellungen auf verschiedenen Gebieten der Physik. Eine vielversprechende Forschungsrichtung ist dabei die Quantensimulation von Eichtheorien, die etwa die Grundkräfte der Natur im Standardmodell der Teilchenphysik verkörpern. Hierbei werden die quantenmechanischen Felder mithilfe kontrollierter Quantensysteme im Labor gezielt nachgestellt. Dieser Artikel stellt die analoge Quantensimulation von Eichtheorien anhand des Beispiels einer vereinfachten, eindimensionalen Form der Quantenelektrodynamik vor. Wir beschreiben die Implementierung von elektrischen Feldern und Ladungen mithilfe ultrakalter Atome in optischen Gittern und diskutieren Fragen der Zeitentwicklung und Thermalisierung des Quantenvielteilchensystems. Eine besondere Herausforderung ist hierbei die Implementierung der Eichinvarianz – die definierende Eigenschaft der Eichtheorien, welche zentral für deren besondere Eigenschaften ist. In Zukunft könnten Eichtheorie‐Quantensimulatoren es uns ermöglichen, eine Reihe bisher unbeobachteter – und theoretisch ungelöster – Phänomene zu untersuchen. Ein Beispiel ist die volle quantenmechanische Dynamik des Schwinger‐Effekts, der bei extrem hohen elektrischen Feldstärken die Paarerzeugung von Elektronen und Positronen vorhersagt.
Comprehensive insight on protein modification by V‐type agent: A chemical proteomic approach employing bioorthogonal reaction
Authors: Xing Meining , Wang Shuo , Cui Fangfang , Liu Haibo , Zhang Xiangye , Gao Zhenhua , Ying Wantao , Shi Enxue 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganophosphorus compounds (OPs) such as chemical agents and pesticides are posing critical threats to civilians due to their irreversible phosphonylation of diverse amino acids residues forming different protein adducts. However, traditional analytical approaches are quite limited in capturing the myriad of post‐translational events that affect protein functions, especially in identifying the low‐abundance OP adducts. Herein a systematic proteomic strategy based on a typical click‐enrich‐release‐identify bioorthogonal operation was firstly developed by employing an alkynyl‐tagged V‐type agent probe (AVP) and a biotin‐based azido‐enrichment linker (BTP‐N3). AVP targeting peptides from human serum albumin (HSA) or plasma were captured by BTP‐N3 via CuAAC click reaction, enriched by streptavidin beads, released by selective alkaline hydrolysis of phenacyl ester bond, and subsequently sequenced by LC‐MS/MS. This strategy has helped identifying 1115 unique OP adduction sites on 163 proteins in human plasma, and covers lots of OP adducts that cannot be achieved by traditional detection methods. The comprehensive coverage of novel OP substrates provided a general and sensitive approach to retrospective verification and/or dose assessment of toxic OPs.
The effects of Quercetin supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes: An umbrella review of meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Arabi Seyyed Mostafa , Shahraki Jazinaki Mostafa , Chambari Mahla , Bahrami Leila Sadat , Maleki Mohsen , Sukhorukov Vasily N. , Sahebkar Amirhossein 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundQuercetin is a bioactive flavonoid, but the effect of it on cardiometabolic factors has remained uncertain and previous findings from meta‐analyses have been controversial.ObjectiveTo provide an overview of the effects of Quercetin on cardiometabolic factors based on meta‐analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).MethodMEDLINE, SciVerse Scopus, and Clarivate Analytics Web of Science databases were searched to identify eligible publications. As part of the umbrella review, we summarized pooled estimates, 95% CIs, heterogeneity, and publication bias. A GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) approach was used to rate the certainty of evidence.ResultsFive meta‐analyses including 18 eligible RCTs plus 5 RCTs that were not included in previous meta‐analyses were found. The results indicated Quercetin does not affect diastolic blood pressure (DBP), lipid profile, inflammation, anthropometric indices, fasting plasma glucose (FBG), and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR). However, Quercetin supplementation could significantly reduce systolic blood pressure (SBP) (weighted mean difference (WMD): −1.9, 95% CI = −3.2 to −0.6, I2 = 88.3%) and insulin level (WMD: −1.07, 95% CI = −1.9 to −0.1, I2 = 75.0%). The certainty of evidence ranged from very low to moderate.ConclusionQuercetin supplementation has reducing effects on SBP and insulin levels but not other cardiometabolic parameters. More high‐quality trials with longer follow‐up durations may be required to obtain a more robust conclusion.
A mariner's tale: Invasive endotracheal Mycobacterium marinum infection
Authors: Bell Peter T. , Anderson James , Coulter Christopher , Dettrick Andrew J. , Burke Andrew , Baird Timothy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMycobacterium marinum is a ubiquitous water‐borne non‐tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) pathogen. In humans, M. marinum infections are acquired through direct inoculation of skin wounds and are almost exclusively localized to skin and soft tissues. Pulmonary infection with M. marinum is extremely rare, and to our knowledge, invasive endobronchial disease has not been reported. Here, we present a case of a 71‐year‐old immunocompetent male surfer with invasive endotracheal M. marinum granulomatous disease. The patient was successfully cured with a regimen of azithromycin 250 mg daily, ethambutol 900 mg (15 mg/kg) daily and rifampicin 600 mg daily for 12 months following culture conversion. This case highlights several important concepts: Firstly, M. marinum infection, including invasive endobronchial infection, should be considered a rare cause of NTM pulmonary disease. Secondly, endotracheal infection can be successfully eradicated with this selected therapeutic regimen. Finally, the absence of M. marinum skin or soft‐tissue infection in this patient, raises the possibility that human disease might also be acquired via inhalation of M. marinum contaminated water in rare circumstances.
Emerging structural and pathological analyses on the erectile organ, corpus cavernous containing sinusoids
Authors: Hashimoto Daiki , Fujimoto Kota , Kim Sang Woon , Lee Yong Seung , Nakata Masanori , Suzuki Kentaro , Wada Yoshitaka , Asamura Shinichi , Yamada Gen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe corpus cavernosum (CC) containing sinusoids plays fundamental roles for erection. Analysis of pathological changes in the erectile system is studied by recent experimental systems. Various in vitro models utilizing genital mesenchymal‐derived cells and explant culture systems are summarized.Methods3D reconstruction of section images of murine CC was created. Ectopic chondrogenesis in aged mouse CC was shown by a gene expression study revealing the prominent expression of Sox9. Various experimental strategies utilizing mesenchyme‐derived primary cells and tissue explants are introduced.Main FindingsPossible roles of Sox9 in chondrogenesis and its regulation by several signals are suggested. The unique character of genital mesenchyme is shown by various analyses of external genitalia (ExG) derived cells and explant cultures. Such strategies are also applied to the analysis of erectile contraction/relaxation responses to many signals and aging process.ConclusionErectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the essential topics for the modern aged society. More comprehensive studies are necessary to reveal the nature of the erectile system by combining multiple cell culture strategies.
Optimized indirect adaptive robust control for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with time‐varying parameters
Authors: Chen Xiao , Deng Wenxiang , Yao Jianyong , Ge Yaowen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper concerns high‐accuracy tracking control and parameter estimation for semi‐strict feedback systems with unknown time‐varying parameters. The unsmooth and discontinuous parameters and matrix parameters are all taken into consideration. An optimized indirect adaptive controller based on Z‐swapping and improved least‐square algorithm is developed to handle parametric and unmolded uncertainties simultaneously. Each design index of this adaptive law can be adjusted freely according to the order of the magnitude of unknown parameters and state variables so that the coupling of the estimating process can be avoided. The Lyapunov‐based stability analysis illustrates that the proposed method can obtain a prescribed estimating result as well as transient and final tracking performance. Simulations based on two common systems verify the outstanding performance of the proposed method.
Synchronized tracking control for dynamic positioning vessel
Authors: Liang Xiaoling , Zhang Yuxiang , Li Dongyu , Ge Shuzhi Sam , How Bernard Voon Ee , Lee Tong Heng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article addresses the time‐synchronized control problem for a floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) vessel and a liquefied natural gas carrier (LNGC) in side‐by‐side offloading operation. For such a problem, the existing finite‐time control approaches available are essentially only designed to ensure that the system state‐variables converge within a certain time. Specifically how each state‐variable converges is typically not considered in the design process. Along this line, the approach of time‐synchronized design in this paper attains the more comprehensive and desirable outcome of having the marine vessels' state‐variables arrive at the sliding mode surface in a fixed time. Also additionally, the state‐variables converge at the same moment. This approach thus can attain synchronous tracking of the LNGC to the FLNG vessel. All these desirable properties and outcomes of control system convergence are rigorously proved in the work here via the methods of Lyapunov‐type theorems and associated stability analysis. Furthermore, in order to ensure that the approaches developed here are suitably applicable in real‐world engineering conditions (with system uncertainties and external disturbances), robustness extensions are also incorporated. In the presented work, the analytical issues and the methodologies in the designed control system solution under the conditions of the disturbed systems are discussed in detail. The numerical simulations conducted verify the merits of the proposed algorithm. Comparative numerical simulations on the developed scheme, and on traditional control, are carried out to demonstrate the important and improved outcomes attained with the time‐synchronized features.
Voluntary sustainability reporting assurance in the European Union before the advent of the corporate sustainability reporting directive: The country and firm‐level impact of Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Krasodomska Joanna , Zarzycka Ewelina , Zieniuk Paweł 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDrawing on institutional and signaling theories, this paper investigates country‐and firm‐level impact of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) on the European Union (EU) companies' decision to have sustainability reporting assured prior to the implementation of the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD). The dataset consists of 960 companies based in the EU and covers 2020–2022. The total number of observations equals 2880. The research focuses on SDGs‐related factors influencing companies' assurance decisions such as the countries' advancement in SDGs implementation represented by SDG SCORE and companies' efforts toward the SDGs achievement captured with SDG INDEX. The data are analyzed using descriptive statistics and the fixed effects regression model for panel data. The results of the study indicate that SDGs impact companies' assurance decisions on both levels. Larger companies tend to opt for assuring their sustainability reporting more frequently, while those operating in environmentally sensitive industries display greater hesitancy in this regard. The research findings suggest adding SDGs to the wide range of factors identified in previous literature as determinants of the differences in sustainability reporting assurance. Company managers should increase their efforts to achieve the SDGs, as this might promote the use of assurance. The involvement of government agencies, national accounting and auditing associations and standard setters in the implementation of the SDGs can be useful in facilitating the transition from voluntary to mandatory implementation of assurance under the new CSRD.