bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Importance of palm's heart for pregnant women
Authors: Kushi Efrem Negash , Belachew Tefera , Tamiru Dessalegn 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The consumption of locally nutrient-rich edible plants in rural areas can be used to satisfy the dietary diversity of pregnant women. Date palm is one of the wild edible plants in different parts of the world. Studies on wild edible plants in Ethiopia cover only about 5 % of the country's districts. Furthermore, the nutrient composition of the palm heart of Phoenix reclinata is not yet investigated as it is commonly consumed by indigenous people in western Ethiopia. The utilization of such plants requires strong policy support based on scientific evidence to maintain the nutrition security of pregnant women. Homogeneous samples of 1000 grams (g) of palm hearts were collected randomly. The macronutrient contents were determined using standard methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC, 2000). The flame Photometric method was used for potassium and sodium determination. The carbohydrate concentration (g/100 g) was 78⋅2. It covers approximately 78⋅5 % of the total daily Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA). In line with this, the concentrations of minerals such as potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+), per milligram (mg/100 g) of the sample were 1962⋅3 and 7⋅9, respectively. The palm heart of Phoenix reclinata has many nutritional values and is important for pregnant women. Its nutrient composition is comparable with different staple foods of the country and can contribute to household food security in rural communities.
Prevalence of fear of COVID-19, depression, and anxiety among undergraduate students during remote classes
Authors: Silva Rizia Rocha , Santos Douglas Assis Teles , Costa Bagnólia Araújo , Farias Júnior Nelson Carvalho , Braz Allison Gustavo , Costa Gustavo De Conti Teixeira , Andrade Marilia Santos , Vancini Rodrigo Luiz , Weiss Katja , Knechtle Beat , de Lira Claudio Andre Barbosa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground:During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, undergraduate students were exposed to symptoms of psychological suffering during remote classes. Therefore, it is important to investigate the factors that may be generated and be related to such outcomes.Objective:To investigate the association between fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, and related factors in undergraduate students during remote classes.Methods:This cross-sectional study included 218 undergraduate students (60.6% women and 39.4% men). Students answered a self-administered online questionnaire designed to gather personal information, pandemic exposure, physical activity level, fear of COVID-19 using the ‘Fear of COVID-19 Scale’, symptoms of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and anxiety using General Anxiety Disorder-7.Results:Undergraduate students had a high prevalence of depression and anxiety (83.0% and 76.1%, respectively) but a low prevalence of fear of COVID-19 (28.9%) during remote classes. Multivariate analysis revealed that women who reported health status as neither good nor bad and who had lost a family member from COVID-19 had the highest levels of fear. For depression and anxiety, the main related factors found were female gender, bad health status, insufficiently active, and complete adherence to the restriction measures.Conclusion:These findings may be used to develop actions to manage symptoms of anxiety and depression among students, with interventions through physical activity programmes to improve mental health.
Differential expression of genes influencing mitotic processes in cord blood mononuclear cells after a pre-conceptional micronutrient-based randomised controlled trial: Pune Rural Intervention in Young Adolescents (PRIYA)
Authors: Khare Satyajeet P. , Madhok Ayush , Patta Indumathi , Sukla Krishna K. , Wagh Vipul V. , Kunte Pooja S. , Raut Deepa , Bhat Dattatray , Kumaran Kalyanaraman , Fall Caroline , Tatu Utpal , Chandak Giriraj R. , Yajnik Chittaranjan S. , Galande Sanjeev 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn The Pune Maternal Nutrition Study, vitamin B12 deficiency was seen in 65% of pregnant women, folate deficiency was rare. Maternal total homocysteine concentrations were inversely associated with offspring birthweight, and low vitamin B12 and high folate concentrations predicted higher offspring adiposity and insulin resistance. These findings guided a nested pre-conceptional randomised controlled trial ‘Pune Rural Intervention in Young Adolescents’. The interventions included: (1) vitamin B12+multi-micronutrients as per the United Nations International Multiple Micronutrient Antenatal Preparation, and proteins (B12+MMN), (2) vitamin B12 (B12 alone), and (3) placebo. Intervention improved maternal pre-conceptional and in-pregnancy micronutrient nutrition. Gene expression analysis in cord blood mononuclear cells in 88 pregnancies revealed 75 differentially expressed genes between the B12+MMN and placebo groups. The enriched biological processes included G2/M phase transition, chromosome segregation, and nuclear division. Enriched pathways included, mitotic spindle checkpoint and DNA damage response while enriched human phenotypes were sloping forehead and decreased head circumference. Fructose-bisphosphatase 2 (FBP2) and Cell Division Cycle Associated 2 (CDCA2) genes were under-expressed in the B12 alone group. The latter, involved in chromosome segregation was under-expressed in both intervention groups. Based on the role of B-complex vitamins in the synthesis of nucleotides and S-adenosyl methionine, and the roles of vitamins A and D on gene expression, we propose that the multi-micronutrient intervention epigenetically affected cell cycle dynamics. Neonates in the B12+MMN group had the highest ponderal index. Follow-up studies will reveal if the intervention and the altered biological processes influence offspring diabesity.
The Role of the Russian Shelf in Seasonal and Interannual Variability of Arctic Sea Surface Salinity and Freshwater Content
Authors: Hall Sarah B. , Subrahmanyam Bulusu , Steele Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFresh water plays a pivotal role in the Arctic Ocean's climate, as salinity governs upper ocean stratification, convection, and the promotion of seasonal sea ice growth or melt. The Beaufort Gyre (BG) contains a significant amount of fresh water; however, there is limited understanding of the role that the Russian Arctic Shelf plays in the Arctic Ocean's freshwater content (FWC). Here, we use salinity from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts' Ocean Reanalysis System 5 product to first compare with in situ and satellite observations. We then conduct analyses over the years 1979–2018 to examine FWC and salinity on the Russian Shelf (30°E−180°E; shallower than 200 m depth), in the BG (130°W–170°W, 70.5°N–80.5°N), and over the Arctic Ocean as a whole (northward of 66°N). Our results indicate that the Russian Shelf consists of ∼16% of the total freshwater volume (FWV) in the Arctic Ocean (80,7623 km3) and has a negative trend (−15.63 km3/yr), primarily influenced by negative trends in the Kara and Laptev Seas. We also find a notable regime shift during the summer of 2007 for both the BG (increased FWV) and Russian Shelf (decreased FWV). When computing Arctic FWV changes before and after this 2007 regime shift, there is up to a 25% error if the Russian Shelf's FWV is omitted.
Effect of Oceanic Stochastic Forcing on Wintertime Atmospheric Decadal Variability Over Midlatitude North Pacific
Authors: Tao Lingfeng , Sun Xuguang , Yang Xiu‐Qun , Fang Jiabei , Zhang Zhi‐Qi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrevious studies showed that random atmospheric forcing can stimulate oceanic low frequency variability in midlatitudes, since ocean has huge heat capacity that can redden the atmospheric high frequency variability. However, whether the oceanic stochastic forcing can in turn influence atmospheric variability is still unclear. To answer this question, two parallel 63‐year numerical experiments are conducted with an atmospheric general circulation model. In the control experiment, the atmosphere is forced by observed global sea surface temperature (SST). After adding stochastic forcings that are constrained by observed standard deviations of mesoscale SST anomalies (SSTAs) over the North Pacific in a sensitivity experiment, large‐scale atmospheric variability is greatly increased over the midlatitude northwest Pacific, especially on decadal timescale. Moreover, the anomalous atmospheric circulations associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), like the enhanced westerly wind in the Kuroshio‐Oyashio and its extension (KOE) region, are more consistent with that resolved by a reanalysis model after the stochastic SSTAs are added. Dynamic diagnostics show that under the background of PDO warm phase, stochastic SSTAs can generate larger diabatic heating over the north of KOE region by inducing more moisture condensation in the mid‐lower troposphere, which is balanced by anomalous cold low‐level air temperature advection. Thus, the atmospheric baroclinicity is increased by the cold temperature advection anomaly, and the transient eddy activity and westerly jet are both enhanced above the KOE region accordingly. Our results suggest that to accurately represent the oceanic effect on large‐scale atmospheric variability and anomalies, oceanic stochastic SSTAs should also be considered.
LOFAR Observations of Substructure Within a Traveling Ionospheric Disturbance at Mid‐Latitude
Authors: Dorrian Gareth , Fallows Richard , Wood Alan , Themens David R. , Boyde Ben , Krankowski Andrzej , Bisi Mario , Dąbrowski Bartosz , Vocks Christian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe large scale morphology and finer sub‐structure within a slowly propagating traveling ionospheric disturbance (TID) are studied using wide band trans‐ionospheric radio observations with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR; van Haarlem et al., 2013, https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201220873). The observations were made under geomagnetically quiet conditions, between 0400 and 0800 on 7 January 2019, over the UK. In combination with ionograms and Global Navigation Satellite System Total Electron Content anomaly data we estimate the TID velocity to ∼60 ms−1, in a North‐westerly direction. Clearly defined substructures with oscillation periods of ∼300 s were identified within the TID, corresponding to scale sizes of 20 km. At the geometries and observing wavelengths involved, the Fresnel scale is between 3 and 4 km, hence these substructures contribute significant refractive scattering to the received LOFAR signal. The refractive scattering is strongly coherent across the LOFAR bandwidth used here (25–64 MHz). The size of these structures distinguishes them from previously identified ionospheric scintillation with LOFAR in Fallows et al. (2020), https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020010, where the scale sizes of the plasma structure varied from ∼500 m to 5 km.
Clinical response to EPA supplementation in patients with major depressive disorder is associated with higher plasma concentrations of pro-resolving lipid mediators
Authors: Lamon-Fava Stefania , Liu Minying , Dunlop Boadie W. , Kinkead Becky , Schettler Pamela J. , Felger Jennifer C. , Ziegler Thomas R. , Fava Maurizio , Mischoulon David , Rapaport Mark Hyman 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChronic inflammation has been implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Activating the resolution of inflammation through ω-3 fatty acid supplementation may prove to be a successful therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MDD. Patients with MDD, body mass index >25 kg/m2, and plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ≥3 μg/mL (n = 61) were enrolled in a 12-week randomized trial consisting of 4 parallel arms: EPA 1, 2, and 4 g/d, and placebo. The supplement contained EPA and DHA in a 3.9:1 ratio. Depression symptoms were assessed using the IDS-C30 scale. Plasma fatty acids and pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) were measured in 42 study completers at baseline and at the end of treatment by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. The response rate (≥50% reduction in IDS-30 score) was higher in the 4 g/d EPA arm than placebo (Cohen d = 0.53). In the 4 g/d EPA arm, responders had significantly greater increases in 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) and 13-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (13-HDHA) than non-responders (p < 0.05). Within the 4 g/d EPA arm, the increase in 18-HEPE was significantly associated with reductions in plasma hs-CRP concentrations (p < 0.05) and IDS-C30 scores (p < 0.01). In summary, response rates were greater among patients with MDD randomized to EPA 4 g/d supplementation and in those who showed a greater ability to activate the synthesis of 18-HEPE. The inverse association of 18-HEPE with both systemic inflammation and symptoms of depression highlights the activation of the resolution of inflammation as a likely mechanism in the treatment of MDD with ω-3 fatty acid supplementation.
Bacterial volatile organic compounds attenuate pathogen virulence via evolutionary trade-offs
Authors: Wang Jianing , Raza Waseem , Jiang Gaofei , Yi Zhang , Fields Bryden , Greenrod Samuel , Friman Ville-Petri , Jousset Alexandre , Shen Qirong , Wei Zhong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by soil bacteria have been shown to exert plant pathogen biocontrol potential owing to their strong antimicrobial activity. While the impact of VOCs on soil microbial ecology is well established, their effect on plant pathogen evolution is yet poorly understood. Here we experimentally investigated how plant-pathogenic Ralstonia solanacearum bacterium adapts to VOC-mixture produced by a biocontrol Bacillus amyloliquefaciens T-5 bacterium and how these adaptations might affect its virulence. We found that VOC selection led to a clear increase in VOC-tolerance, which was accompanied with cross-tolerance to several antibiotics commonly produced by soil bacteria. The increasing VOC-tolerance led to trade-offs with R. solanacearum virulence, resulting in almost complete loss of pathogenicity in planta. At the genetic level, these phenotypic changes were associated with parallel mutations in genes encoding lipopolysaccharide O-antigen (wecA) and type-4 pilus biosynthesis (pilM), which both have been linked with outer membrane permeability to antimicrobials and plant pathogen virulence. Reverse genetic engineering revealed that both mutations were important, with pilM having a relatively larger negative effect on the virulence, while wecA having a relatively larger effect on increased antimicrobial tolerance. Together, our results suggest that microbial VOCs are important drivers of bacterial evolution and could potentially be used in biocontrol to select for less virulent pathogens via evolutionary trade-offs.
Tubular aryl hydratocarbon receptor upregulates EZH2 to promote cellular senescence in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Wen Li , Ren Qian , Guo Fan , Du Xiaoyan , Yang Hongliu , Fu Ping , Ma Liang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the serious clinical syndromes with high morbidity and mortality. Despite substantial progress in understanding the mechanism of AKI, no effective drug is available for treatment or prevention. In this study, we identified that a ligand-activated transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) was abnormally increased in the kidneys of cisplatin-induced AKI mice or tubular epithelial TCMK-1 cells. The AhR inhibition by BAY2416964 and tubular conditional deletion both alleviated cisplatin-induced kidney dysfunction and tubular injury. Notably, inhibition of AhR could improve cellular senescence of injured kidneys, which was indicated by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, biomarker p53, p21, p16 expression, and secretory-associated secretory phenotype IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα level. Mechanistically, the abnormal AhR expression was positively correlated with the increase of a methyltransferase EZH2, and AhR inhibition suppressed the EZH2 expression in cisplatin-injured kidneys. Furthermore, the result of ChIP assay displayed that EZH2 might indirectly interact with AhR promoter region by affecting H3K27me3. The direct recruitment between H3K27me3 and AhR promoter is higher in the kidneys of control than that of cisplatin-treated mice, suggesting EZH2 reversely influenced AhR expression through weakening H3K27me3 transcriptional inhibition on AhR promoter. The present study implicated that AhR and EZH2 have mutual regulation, which further accelerated tubular senescence in cisplatin-induced AKI. Notably, the crucial role of AhR is potential to become a promising target for AKI.
HERC1 deficiency causes osteopenia through transcriptional program dysregulation during bone remodeling
Authors: Pedrazza Leonardo , Martinez-Martinez Arturo , Sánchez-de-Diego Cristina , Valer José Antonio , Pimenta-Lopes Carolina , Sala-Gaston Joan , Szpak Michal , Tyler-Smith Chris , Ventura Francesc , Rosa Jose Luis 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBone remodeling is a continuous process between bone-forming osteoblasts and bone-resorbing osteoclasts, with any imbalance resulting in metabolic bone disease, including osteopenia. The HERC1 gene encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase that affects cellular processes by regulating the ubiquitination of target proteins, such as C-RAF. Of interest, an association exists between biallelic pathogenic sequence variants in the HERC1 gene and the neurodevelopmental disorder MDFPMR syndrome (macrocephaly, dysmorphic facies, and psychomotor retardation). Most pathogenic variants cause loss of HERC1 function, and the affected individuals present with features related to altered bone homeostasis. Herc1-knockout mice offer an excellent model in which to study the role of HERC1 in bone remodeling and to understand its role in disease. In this study, we show that HERC1 regulates osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, proving that its depletion increases gene expression of osteoblastic makers during the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. During this process, HERC1 deficiency increases the levels of C-RAF and of phosphorylated ERK and p38. The Herc1-knockout adult mice developed imbalanced bone homeostasis that presented as osteopenia in both sexes of the adult mice. By contrast, only young female knockout mice had osteopenia and increased number of osteoclasts, with the changes associated with reductions in testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels. Finally, osteocytes isolated from knockout mice showed a higher expression of osteocytic genes and an increase in the Rankl/Opg ratio, indicating a relevant cell-autonomous role of HERC1 when regulating the transcriptional program of bone formation. Overall, these findings present HERC1 as a modulator of bone homeostasis and highlight potential therapeutic targets for individuals affected by pathological HERC1 variants.
SLC27A5 promotes sorafenib-induced ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma by downregulating glutathione reductase
Authors: Xu Feng-li , Wu Xiao-hong , Chen Chang , Wang Kai , Huang Lu-yi , Xia Jie , Liu Yi , Shan Xue-feng , Tang Ni 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSorafenib, a first-line drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), shows a favorable anti-tumor effect while resistance is a barrier impeding patients from benefiting from it. Thus, more efforts are needed to lift this restriction. Herein, we first find that solute carrier family 27 member 5 (SLC27A5/FATP5), an enzyme involved in the metabolism of fatty acid and bile acid, is downregulated in sorafenib-resistant HCC. SLC27A5 deficiency facilitates the resistance towards sorafenib in HCC cells, which is mediated by suppressing ferroptosis. Further mechanism studies reveal that the loss of SLC27A5 enhances the glutathione reductase (GSR) expression in a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-dependent manner, which maintains glutathione (GSH) homeostasis and renders insensitive to sorafenib-induced ferroptosis. Notably, SLC27A5 negatively correlates with GSR, and genetic or pharmacological inhibition of GSR strengthens the efficacy of sorafenib through GSH depletion and the accumulation of lipid peroxide products in SLC27A5-knockout and sorafenib-resistant HCC cells. Based on our results, the combination of sorafenib and carmustine (BCNU), a selective inhibitor of GSR, remarkably hamper tumor growth by enhancing ferroptotic cell death in vivo. In conclusion, we describe that SLC27A5 serves as a suppressor in sorafenib resistance and promotes sorafenib-triggered ferroptosis via restraining the NRF2/GSR pathway in HCC, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for overcoming sorafenib resistance.
Circular RNA circTRPS1-2 inhibits the proliferation and migration of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by reducing the production of ribosomes
Authors: Zhao Renchang , Chen Pengxiang , Qu Chenghao , Liang Jinghui , Cheng Yulan , Sun Zhenguo , Tian Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCircular RNAs play important roles in many cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the precise functions of most circular RNAs are poorly understood. Here we detected significant downregulation of circTRPS1-2 in ESCC based on high-throughput sequencing of three pairs of ESCC tissue and adjacent normal tissue, followed by PCR validation with another 30 tissue pairs. Patients with ESCC whose circTRPS1-2 expression was below the median level for the sample showed significantly shorter median overall survival (13 months) than patients whose circTRPS1-2 expression was above the median (36 months). Overexpressing circTRPS1-2 in the human ESCC cell lines K150 and E109, which express low endogenous levels of circTRPS1-2, inhibited cell proliferation and migration. Conversely, knocking down circTRPS1-2 using short interfering RNA promoted cell proliferation and migration. Similar results were observed in mice bearing K150 xenografts in which circTRPS1-2 was overexpressed or knocked down. Several ribosomal proteins co-immunoprecipitated with circTRPS1-2 from K150 cells in culture, and K150 cells overexpressing circTRPS1-2 showed reduced numbers of ribosomes by A260 absorbance measure and electron microscopy. Our results suggest that circTRPS1-2 can inhibit ESCC proliferation and migration by reducing the production of ribosomes, establishing its potential usefulness in ESCC treatment and prediction of prognosis.
Large-scale perfused tissues via synthetic 3D soft microfluidics
Authors: Grebenyuk Sergei , Abdel Fattah Abdel Rahman , Kumar Manoj , Toprakhisar Burak , Rustandi Gregorius , Vananroye Anja , Salmon Idris , Verfaillie Catherine , Grillo Mark , Ranga Adrian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe vascularization of engineered tissues and organoids has remained a major unresolved challenge in regenerative medicine. While multiple approaches have been developed to vascularize in vitro tissues, it has thus far not been possible to generate sufficiently dense networks of small-scale vessels to perfuse large de novo tissues. Here, we achieve the perfusion of multi-mm3 tissue constructs by generating networks of synthetic capillary-scale 3D vessels. Our 3D soft microfluidic strategy is uniquely enabled by a 3D-printable 2-photon-polymerizable hydrogel formulation, which allows for precise microvessel printing at scales below the diffusion limit of living tissues. We demonstrate that these large-scale engineered tissues are viable, proliferative and exhibit complex morphogenesis during long-term in-vitro culture, while avoiding hypoxia and necrosis. We show by scRNAseq and immunohistochemistry that neural differentiation is significantly accelerated in perfused neural constructs. Additionally, we illustrate the versatility of this platform by demonstrating long-term perfusion of developing neural and liver tissue. This fully synthetic vascularization platform opens the door to the generation of human tissue models at unprecedented scale and complexity.