bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Erythropoietin as a prophylactic measure against anemia in critically ill patients: A combined prospective and retrospective study
Authors: Amer Asmaa Fawzy , Elatrozy Hytham Ibrahim , El Mourad Mona Belogh 
Published: February 2023

Background & Objective: Critically sick patients often develop moderate to severe anemia, due to various factors. We tested the hypothesis that administering prophylactic recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) together with early identification and correction of iron deficiency anemia in traumatic brain injury patients would have a positive effect on the incidence of RBCs transfusions.
Methodology: One hundred and seventeen head-trauma patients were enrolled. They received 40,000 units of prophylactic rHuEPO, starting on day three after admission and continuing at weekly intervals for 6 weeks, with follow-up of iron biomarkers. Any patient developing iron deficiency anemia was prescribed oral or intravenous iron supplement. The incidence of RBCs transfusion was recorded.
Results: The number of RBCs transfusion was significantly less in the prospective group (27.35%) than the retrospective group (42.86%). Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were significantly less in the first and second weeks after admission and then began to rise. Serum iron, transferrin saturation, and ferritin were at their lowest levels in the fourth week. Meanwhile, total iron binding capacity was higher in the fourth week and lower in the sixth.
Conclusion: The administration of prophylactic rHuEPO with early discovery and correction of iron deficiency anemia resulted in a significant reduction in the incidence of RBCs transfusion in the head-trauma patients.
Abbreviations: rHuEPO: recombinant human erythropoietin, RBC: red blood cell, ICU: intensive care unit, TBI: traumatic brain injury, GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale, APACHE: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation
Citation: Amer AF, Elatrozy HI, El Mourad MB. Erythropoietin as a prophylactic measure against anemia in critically ill patients: A combined prospective and retrospective study. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(5):633−639.
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i5.1481
Neuropathic pain: The missing link at the general physician level
Authors: Anwar Shahzad 
Published: February 2023

Summary: An important public health issue is neuropathic pain. It is a common, persistent, and severely disabling condition experienced by those in primary care. An important first step is an accurate diagnosis. It is the first step toward effective pain and disability reduction and management. The history may indicate the presence of pain, and a physical examination may confirm it. Medical professionals lack the skills necessary to diagnose and treat neuropathy pain, in part due to inadequate training during medical school and residency. The primary care physician is critical in avoiding delay in diagnosis, providing proper evaluation and treatment, and improving outcomes while reducing the financial burden on society economy.
Citation: Anwar S. Neuropathic pain: The missing link at the general physician level. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(5):585-587; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i5.2021
Single cycle, low temperature radiofrequency ablation is effective for trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Budisulistyo Trianggoro , Arlina Yani 
Published: February 2023

Background & Objective: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is the most common cause of neuropathic pain with few issues regarding medications whereas surgeries need careful consideration. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can be used as an intervention treatment bridging the gap of long-term medication and surgical intervention. RFA procedure has its own complications following electrode placement and ablation procedures. We analyzed the effectiveness of low temperature RFA treatment in patients with trigeminal neuralgia.
Methodology: This study was a prospective analysis of the data from the medical records of 21 patients. A single cycle of RFA at 60° C of for 90 sec was performed from November 2018 to July 2019. Data collection included preoperative pain scores, analgesics prescribed, pain scores on numerical rating scale (NRS) for 6 months follow up.
Results: The subjects 53.86 ± 10.48 y (43% men and 57% women) observed NRS decrease significantly (mean 2.15, SD 0.9; p < 0.05). No significant influence of analgesic combination gabapentin and Amitriptyline, or carbamazepine and Amitriptyline to pain spectrum improvement underwent RFA.
Conclusion: A single cycle of of RFA treatment at 60° C for 90 sec among TN patients showed significant improvement of pain at 6 months without complications.
Abbreviations: TN: trigeminal neuralgia; NMDA: N-methyl-d-aspartate GABA: gamma aminobutyric acid; TCA: tricyclic antidepressant; MVD: microvascular decompression; RFA: radiofrequency ablation; PRF: pulsed radiofrequency; NRS: numerical rating score; SNRI: serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Citation: Budisulistyo T, Arlina Y. Single cycle, low temperature radiofrequency ablation for trigeminal neuralgia shows clinical improvement of pain. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(5):669-673.
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i5.2024
Anesthetic management for drainage of cerebral abscess in a child with uncorrected Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Ayesha Kiran 
Published: February 2023

Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common cause of cyanotic congenital heart disease that consists of four defects. Children with uncorrected tetralogy of fallot can present for non-cardiac surgeries. Such patients are prone to develop cerebral abscess because of right to left shunting of blood and absence of pulmonary clearance of microorganisms. These cases are a significant challenge for anesthesiologists. General anesthesia is a riskier anesthetic technique. I present a case of six years male child with uncorrected tetralogy of fallot who underwent drainage of brain abscess under scalp block with sedation and had uneventful recovery.
Key words: Tetralogy of Fallot; Cyanotic heart disease; cerebral abscess; Scalp block
Citation: Ayesha K. Anesthetic management for drainage of cerebral abscess in a child with uncorrected Tetralogy of Fallot. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(6):819−822; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i6.2004
Chronic Pelvic Pain; a tragic miss
Authors: Ali Liaquat , Malik Sara Haider , Ahmed Khaleel , Nasir Sana 
Published: February 2023

Chronic pelvic pain is defined as pain in the perineal region that can be somatic or visceral in origin which persists for more than 6 months duration and is unresponsive to analgesic therapy. Its diagnosis is made on the basis of patient’s history, detailed physical examination and radiological studies. One of the important, rare and mostly missed cause of this pain is coccydynia either traumatic or atraumatic. The treatment of coccydynia includes supportive care, analgesic therapy as well as ganglion impar neurolysis.
Here, we report a case of a 42-year-old female suffering from severe chronic pelvic pain for past 15 years for which she had taken multiple analgesics including opiates and underwent multiple surgeries without any relief.
She was a misdiagnosed case of coccygeal fracture which was causing chronic pelvic pain for the past 15 years which when treated with ganglion impar neurolysis gave her complete pain relief.
After 1 month of the intervention, on follow up in the pain clinic the patient was absolutely pain free with NRS 1/10.Coccydynia must be considered in differential diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain especially in females of child bearing age.
Conventional mechanical ventilation versus high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in congenital diaphragmatic hernia of neonates: a systematic review
Authors: Kapuangan Christopher , Wijaya Ramlan Andi Ade , Zahra Raihanita , Rahendra Dr , Soenarto Ratna Farida , Hanawi Ezra 
Published: February 2023

Background: Neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) present with respiratory distress and circulatory insufficiency, requiring immediate intubation and mechanical ventilation. Studies in the literature present contradictory results regarding the optimal ventilation mode for neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. We present a systematic review of the selected literature regarding high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) compared to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) in congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
Methodology: PubMed, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, and ProQuest databases were used to identify literature regarding HFOV compared to CMV in a CDH. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for cohort studies and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool for randomized clinical trials.
Results: Four studies were identified and considered eligible for the study. One study was a randomized clinical trial, and the other three cohort studies. Patients in the high-frequency oscillatory (HFO) group presented with a higher length of ventilation and hospital stay. There was a lack of evidence regarding any significant difference in the mortality rate.
Conclusion: We cannot make an evidence-based recommendation regarding the superiority of either CMV or HFOV as the optimal ventilation method in neonates with CDH. However, almost all studies observed a lengthened period of ventilation and time required before surgical repair in the HFOV group.
Abbreviations: CDH: congenital diaphragmatic hernia; CLD: chronic lung disease; CMV: conventional mechanical ventilation; GER: gastroesophageal reflux; HFOV: high-frequency oscillatory ventilation; NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; RDS: respiratory distress syndrome
Key words: Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia; Conventional Mechanical Ventilation; High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation
Citation: Kapuangan C, Ramlan AAW, Zahra R, Rahendra, Soenarto RF, Hanawi E. Conventional mechanical ventilation versus high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in congenital diaphragmatic hernia of neonates: a systematic review. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(6):000−000 ; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i6.2048
Non-technical factors for recurrence of sacroiliac joint pain after intra-articular steroid injection: a cohort study
Authors: Siahaan Yusak Mangara Tua , Pangestu Aristo Rinaldi , Sungono Veli 
Published: February 2023

Background & Objective: The effectiveness of intra-articular corticosteroid injection therapy is still debatable, despite numerous studies which demonstrated the benefits of steroid injections. Injection failure can be caused by a variety of technical factors, some of which have been identified in studies, including the accuracy with the injection location is performed and the pattern of corticosteroid distribution. We investigated the non-technical factors that influence the effectiveness of intra-articular corticosteroid injection at the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) in the past.
Methodology: It was a prospective cohort study to determine non-technical factors associated with recurrence in patients with SIJ pain who had received multidisciplinary treatment for their ailment. A total of 55 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the study who were followed up. Patients who had SIJ injections before 9 months and, who had no improvement on the pain scale, or there was a worsening of the pain, or the patient returned with SIJ pain complaints on the same side, were included in the trial. The results were analyzed using logistic regression to determine the likelihood of recurrence.
Results: A total of 55 participants was enrolled in the study, with a higher proportion of females (n = 33; 60 %) than males (n = 22; 40 %). Thirty-one patients were returning patients (56.36 %) out of 55 patients. According to the results of the bivariate analysis, age was associated with recurrent SIJ pain. According to the results of the T-test, the mean age of the recurrent patients was 49.32 ± 16.68 y, whereas the mean age of the non-recurrent patients was 56.7 ± 12.76 y. The results of the multivariate analysis revealed that age, NSAID consumption, and unilateral SIJ pain, all had protective values in the context of recurrence of the sacroiliac joint pain.
Conclusions: The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and the involvement of a single SI joint are protective factors against the recurrence of SI joint pain.
Abbreviations: COST: European Cooperation in Science and Technology; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SIJ: Sacroiliac joint;
Key words: Anti-inflammatory agent; Non-technical risk factors; Intra-articular; Age; Recurrent sacroiliac joint pain
Citation: Siahaan YMT, Pangestu AR. Sungono V. Non-technical factors for recurrence of sacroiliac joint pain after intra-articular steroid injection: a cohort study. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(5):773-777.
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i6.2049
An updated review on anesthesia and emergency medicine for forensic medicine practice
Authors: Munasinghe B M , S Pranavan , U Mayorathan 
Published: February 2023

‘Anesthesia’ and ‘Emergency Medicine’ for ‘Forensic Medicine’ practice is an infrequently discussed topic in the current English literature. Demand of anesthesia and emergency medicine for forensic medical cases will probably increase in the future due to the ever-growing rate of drug trafficking and escalated sexual crimes at the regional as well as global levels. To address the relative scarcity of a review on this aspect, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using Cochrane, Medline, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, to put forward the most up-to-date recommendations and guidance on the topic, which would shed light and help raise awareness among the emergency physicians, anesthetists, and intensivists about this important aspect of medical practice, ultimately improving the medical care of the affected ones without any prejudice and thus improve the outcome.
Key words: Anesthesia; Body packers; Body stuffers; Emergency Medicine; Forensic Medicine; Sexual abuse
Citation: Munasinghe BM, Pranavan S, Mayorathan U. An updated review on anesthesia and emergency medicine for forensic medicine practice. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(6):803−806; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i6.2057
Low-cost simulation technique in planning and preparing perioperative team for conjoined twins separation surgery
Authors: Shamim Faisal , Syed Razia , Siddiqui Khalid , Khan Fauzia Anis 
Published: February 2023

Summary: The authors present a low-cost simulation technique to discuss the airway management, the surgical technique, the problems to be faced by the anesthesia and the operating teams, and how to proceed with the operative surgery to separate the conjoined twins.
Key words: Conjoined twins; Simulation
Citation: Shamim F, Syed R, Siddiqui K, Khan FA. Low-cost simulation technique in planning and preparing perioperative team for conjoined twins separation surgery. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2022;26(2):833−834.
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i6.2059
Design of Dispersion-Reconfigurable Phaser using PIN-Diode Loaded Stepped-Impedance Line
Authors: Lei Haoling , Huang Yi , Duan Chaijie , Zhang Qingfeng 
Published: February 2023

<p>This paper proposes a dispersion-reconfigurable reflection-type phaser based on PIN-diode loaded stepped-impedance microstrip line. By configuring `ON' and `OFF' states of PIN-diode, the proposed phaser exhibits positive-slope, negative-slope, and zero-slope linearly dispersive group delay responses. For proof-of-concept demonstration, we use line connection/disconnection to mimic ON/OFF states of PIN diode. Three prototypes are hence fabricated to represent the three different states. The experimental results agree well with the expected responses, which finally validate the proposed concept.</p>
Structure of the space of GL4 (Z2)-coinvariants Z2 ⊗ GL4 (Z2) P H∗ (Z42,Z2) in some generic degrees and its application
Authors: Võ Phúc Đặng 
Published: February 2023

<p>Fix $k = \mathbb Z_2$ to be a field of characteristic 2, let $A$ denote the Steenrod algebra over $k.$ A problem of immense difficulty in algebraic topology is the determination of a minimal set of $A$-generators for the polynomial ring $P_q = k[x_1, \ldots, x_q] = H^{*}(k^{q}, k)$ on $q$ generators $x_1, \ldots, x_q$ with $|x_1|= |x_2| = \cdots = |x_q| = 1.$ By way of equivalence, one may choose to write an explicit basis for the cohit space $\pmb{Q}^{q} := k\otimes_{A} P_q$ in each non-negative degree $n.$ This subject, which has now a long history, is the content of the classical "hit problem" proposed in [Abstracts Papers Presented Am. Math. Soc. \textbf{833} (1987), 55-89]. Furthermore, it is closely related to the $q$-th transfer homomorphism $Tr_q^{A}$ constructed by William Singer in [Math. Z. \textbf{202} (1989), 493-523]. This map $Tr_q^{A}$ passes from the space of $G(q)$-coinvariant $k\otimes _{G(q)} P_A((P_q)_n^{*})$ of $\pmb{Q}^{q}$ to the $k$-cohomology group of the Steenrod algebra, ${\rm Ext}_{A}^{q, q+n}(k, k),$ wherein $G(q)$ stands for the general linear group of degree $q$ over the field $k,$ and $P_A((P_q)_n^{*})$ is the primitive part of $(P_q)^{*}_n$ under the action of $A.$ Particularly, the assertion that $Tr_q^{A}$ is always an injective map has been conjectured by Singer himself, but as of now, this remains an open problem for all $q\geq 4.$ Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to deal with the Singer conjecture for rank 4 in certain internal degrees. Specifically, by the usage of the techniques of the hit problem in four variables, we explicitly determine the structure of the coinvariant $k\otimes _{G(4)} P_A((P_4)_{n}^{*})$ in some generic degrees $n.$ Then, applying these results and a representation of $Tr_4^{A}$ via the lambda algebra, we state that Singer's conjecture is true for rank $q = 4$ in respective degrees $n.$ This has significantly contributed towards the ultimate proof of Singer's conjecture within the rank 4 case.</p>
Navigation Learning Assessment Using EEG-based Multi-Time Scale Spatiotemporal Compound Model
Authors: Wang Lingling , Liu Yixin , Li Yiqing , Chen Renxiang , Liu Xiaohong , Fu Li , Wang Yao 
Published: February 2023

<p> This study presents a novel method to assess the learning effectiveness using Electroencephalography (EEG)-based Multi-Time Scale Spatiotemporal Compound Model (MTSC). Due to the evaluation of navigation learning, which is centered on the practice innovation ability devel?opment, it is difficult to assess the learning effectiveness in cultivating students’ ability objectively by questionnaire or other assessment methods. Research in the field of brain science has shown that innovation ability can be reflected from cognitive ability which can be embodied by EEG signal features. Therefore, a navigation learning assessment method was applied to detect the cognitive training traces by EEG-based MTSC. To verify the validity of the method, three navigation missions with increasing cog?nitive difficulty were designed, and 41 participants attended the experiment. The features of participants’ EEG signals were extracted and classified by MTSC. Comparing the results between experimental group and control group, it can be seen that MTSC can effectively distinguish the cog?nitive training traces of students in the navigation problem?solving process. In addition, MTSC achieved 89.2% accu?racy and 0.883 F1-Score on features classification, which had an average improvement of 15.7% over other three tra?ditional EEG classification models in accuracy. The results indicate that the navigation learning assessment method provides a useful evaluation approach for learning effec?tiveness using EEG-based MTSC. </p>
Design and Tuning of State Feedback-based Islanding Detection for Distributed Generators
Authors: Maulik Sugoto , John Vinod 
Published: February 2023

<p>This paper presents a method for islanding detection of power-electronic interfaced grid-tied distributed energy resources. A dynamic phasor-based modeling approach is used to synthesize a state-space model of the islanded network. This model leads to the formation of a generalized framework wherein the application of state feedback is designed to destabilize the islanded network. The proposed method can detect islands within one fundamental cycle of operation with passive loads of unity, lagging, and leading power factors. The detection scheme has a zero Non-detection Zone (NDZ), and detection times are within the criteria suggested in IEEE Std. 1547-2018. </p>
Detecting Depression in Social Media Posts using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Pininty Varun 
Published: February 2023

<p>A big issue that isn’t stressed enough for adolescents and emerging adults is depression. Depression can affect you in various ways, whether it be physically, mentally, or socially. Professional and academic performance, personal relationships, and other factors that are important to long-term success are negatively impacted. In trying to help those that need help, we come across a major issue; identifying depression. Social media has become increasingly popular over the years, with many younger generations spending vast amounts of time on it. Detecting depression from a platform that adolescents and emerging adults frequently visit would contribute significantly to helping those suffering from it. In this study, the datasets of tweets were utilized to create multiple machine-learning models that would accurately detect signs of depression. Out of 4 different machine learning models, this research used the Random Forest Classifier model to achieve an accuracy of 96.52%. </p>
Implikasi Penetapan Dispensasi Perkawinan terhadap Kasus Perceraian (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Agama Sengkang)
Authors: Takdir Takdir , Abdullah Muhammad Farhan , Nur Muhammad Tahmid 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini ini membahas tentang implikasi penetapan dispensasi perkawinan terhadap kasus perceraian di Pengadilan Agama Sengkang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari tahu keterkaitan antara disepensasi perkawinan dan perceraian. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara dispensasi perkawinan dan perceraian saling berkaitan satu sama lain karena termasuk dalam perkara di Pengadilan Agama namun faktor yang menjadi latar belakang permohonan dispensasi perkawinan yaitu budaya yang senantiasa dipelihara masyarakat Kabupaten Wajo untuk menikahkan anaknya meskipun masih di bawah umur. Latar belakang kekhawatiran orang tua terhadap anaknya yang tidak segera menikah adalah takut anaknya menjadi perawan tua. Pendidikan yang rendah sehingga tidak ada aktifitas belajar dan bekerja karena lemahnya ekonomi, Hanya sekitar 10% kasus perceraian disebabkan oleh dispensasi perkawinan selebihnya faktor penyebab perceraian di dominasi karena masalah ekonomi, pertengkaran terus menerus (konflik), tidak adanya kecocokan. Solusi strategis meminimalisir dispensasi perkawinan adalah dengan memberikan edukasi kepada anak bahwa menikah di bawah umur memiliki resiko yang tinggi termasuk saat melahirkan sang anak kelak, Pemerintah Daerah juga harus berperan aktif dengan menerbitkan aturan berupa UU tentang larangan menikah di bawah umur. Implikasi dispensasi perkawinan di bawah umur penyebab timbulnya konflik dalam rumah tangga yang berujung pada perceraian, selain itu penyebab kematian pada ibu ataupun bayi yang dilahirkan karena belum adanya kematangan fisik pihak perempuan.