bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tetramethylpyrazine Ameliorates Endotoxin-induced Acute Lung Injury by Relieving Golgi Stress via the Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Li Shaona , Xu Yexiang , He Simeng , Li Xiangyun , Shi Jia , Zhang Bing , Zhu Youzhuang , Li Xiangkun , Wang Yanting , Liu Cuicui , Ma Yang , Dong Shuan , YU Jianbo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe disease caused by an imbalanced host response to infection. It is necessary to explore novel mechanisms for the treatment of endotoxin-induced ALI. In endotoxin-induced ALI, tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) provides protection through anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptosis, and anti-pyroptosis effects. However, the mechanism of action of TMP in endotoxin-induced ALI remains unclear. Here, we aimed to determine whether TMP can protect the lungs by inhibiting Golgi stress via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
Methods and results
Using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated C57BL/6J mice and MLE12 alveolar epithelial cells, we observed that TMP pretreatment attenuated endotoxin-induced ALI. The LPS + TMP group showed lesser lung pathological damage and a lower rate of apoptotic lung cells than the LPS group. TMP pretreatment also decreased the levels of inflammatory factors and oxidative stress damage (P < 0.05). Additionally, TMP pretreatment reduced Golgi stress by increasing the Golgi matrix protein 130 (GM130), Golgi apparatus Ca2+/Mn2+ ATPases (ATP2C1), and Golgin97 expression while decreasing the Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) expression (P < 0.05). Furthermore, TMP pretreatment promoted Nrf2 and HO-1 expression (P < 0.05). Nrf2-knockout mice or Nrf2 siRNA-transfected MLE12 cells were pretreated with TMP to explore how the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway affected TMP-mediated Golgi stress in endotoxin-induced ALI models. We observed that Nrf2 gene silencing partially reversed the alleviating effect of Golgi stress and the pulmonary protective effect of TMP.
Conclusion
Our findings showed that TMP therapy reduces endotoxin-induced ALI by suppressing Golgi stress via the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro.
Online Video Course Design of Elliptic Partial Differential Equation Based on Image High Resolution Processing
Authors: Huang Hong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
At present, the quality of online video courses in China is mixed. There are several reasons for the quality of online video courses. 1. the advantages and disadvantages of the front-end video capture equipment itself; 2. The distance of online video transmission; 3. The medium through which the video is transmitted; 4. Watch whether there is relevant interference information in the signal where the video is located and whether the video is compressed during transmission. These reasons lead to that although there is much to learn in the video, the resolution is too low to see from the video. With the development of the current social environment, most of the courses need online teaching. Therefore, in order to improve some problems in video playing caused by the increase of online teaching amount caused by the current environment, this paper provides higher resolution video for online courses by using high-resolution image processing technology based on the elliptic partial differential equation online video course. The high resolution processing technology used in this paper is centered on filtering algorithm. On the basis of the existing online video course of elliptic partial differential equations, the use of high-resolution technology can overcome the resolution limit of the hardware itself and further improve the video quality of online video teaching.
Secure Inference on Homomorphically Encrypted Genotype Data with Encrypted Linear Models
Authors: Zou Meng , Zhang Guangyang , Zhang Fan , Liu Guoping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Accurate models are crucial to estimate the phenotypes from high throughput genomic data. While the genetic and phenotypic data are sensitive, secure models are essential to protect the private information. Therefore, construct an accurate and secure model is significant in secure inference of phenotypes.
Methods: We propose a secure inference protocol on homomorphically encrypted genotype data with encrypted linear models. Firstly, scale the genotype data by feature importance with Xgboost or Adaboost then train linear models to predict the phenotypes in plaintext. Secondly, encrypt the model parameters and test data with CKKS scheme for secure inference. Thirdly, predict the phenotypes under CKKS homomorphically encryption computation. Finally, decrypt the encrypted predictions by client to compute the 1-NRMSE/AUC for model evaluation.
Results: 5 phenotypes of 3000 samples with 20390 variants are used to validate the performance of the secure inference protocol. The protocol achieves 0.9548, 0.9639, 0.9673 (1-NRMSE) for 3 continuous phenotypes and 0.9943, 0.99290 (AUC) for 2 category phenotypes in test data. Moreover, the protocol shows robust in 100 times of random sampling. Furthermore, the protocol achieves 0.9725 (the average accuracy) in an encrypted test set with 198 samples, and it only takes 4.32s for the overall inference. These help the protocol rank top one in the iDASH-2022 track2 challenge.
Conclusion: We propose an accurate and secure protocol to predict the phenotype from genotype and it takes seconds to obtain hundreds of predictions for all phenotypes.
Effect of the metabolic activity of lactic acid bacteria and propionibacteria on cheese protein digestibility and fatty acid profile
Authors: Ziarno Małgorzata , Bryś Joanna , Kowalska Ewa , Cichońska Patrycja 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of different variants of bacterial starter cultures on the production of ripened cheeses and on the metabolism of the bacteria used. The study showed that lactic fermentation bacteria affect the proportions of fatty acids in cheeses, with SFAs accounting for many fatty acids in all cheese variants. Fatty acid proportions are complex and depend on the cheese culture and monoculture. Analysis of fatty acid composition showed variation in the proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, which affected the values of atherogenic and thrombogenic indices. The atherogenic index was highest in samples of mature cheeses obtained from a typical mesophilic cheese culture and lowest in samples of fresh milk and mature cheeses obtained from a mesophilic cheese culture and monocultures of L. casei and Propionibacterium. The study also showed that lactobacilli affect the content of available lysine, glycine, and methionine in cheese proteins, where mature cheeses obtained with Propionibacteriumand L. casei starter cultures were characterized by a higher lysine and glycine content than fresh cheeses and those obtained with cheese culture only. Mature cheeses obtained with starter cultures of mesophilic cheese culture and Propionibacteriumand L. casei were characterized by the highest methionine content. The results of this study suggest that the use of different cheesemaking cultures and monocultures may affect the fatty acid composition and amino acid content of cheese and fresh milk, which may have health implications.
Intra- and inter-brain synchrony oscillations underlying social adjustment
Authors: Vicente Unai , Ara Alberto , Marco-Pallarés Josep 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Humans naturally synchronize their behavior with other people. However, although it happens almost automatically, adjusting behavior and conformity to others is a complex phenomenon whose neural mechanisms are still yet to be understood entirely. The present experiment aimed to study the oscillatory synchronization mechanisms underlying automatic dyadic convergence in an EEG hyperscanning experiment. Thirty-six people performed a cooperative decision-making task where dyads had to guess the correct position of a point on a line. A reinforcement learning algorithm was used to model different aspects of the participants' behavior and their expectations of their peers. Intra- and inter-connectivity among electrode sites were assessed using inter-site phase clustering (ISPC) in three main frequency bands (theta, alpha, beta) using a two-level Bayesian mixed-effects modeling approach. The results showed two oscillatory synchronization dynamics related to attention and executive functions in alpha and reinforcement learning in theta. In addition, inter-brain synchrony was mainly driven by beta oscillations. This study contributes preliminary evidence on the phase-coherence mechanism underlying inter-personal behavioral adjustment.
ERG K + channels mediate a major component of action potential repolarization in lymphatic muscle
Authors: Kim Hae Jin , Li Min , Erlich Emma , Randolph Gwendalyn , Davis Michael 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Smooth muscle cells in the walls of collecting lymphatic vessels fire spontaneous action potentials (APs), which conduct rapidly over the muscle layer to initiate contractions that propel lymph. Several ion channels have been implicated in the currents underlying the AP spike and the preceding diastolic depolarization, but the molecular identities of K+ channels involved in AP repolarization are unknown. Based on previous studies of other rhythmically active smooth muscles, we hypothesized that ether-a-go-go related gene (ERG) K+ channels (Kv11) play an important role in repolarization of the AP in lymphatic muscle. Message for one or more ERG channel isoforms was detected by RT-PCR analysis of lymphatic vessels from mice, rats and humans. Membrane potential recordings in smooth muscle cells of rat and human lymphatics revealed that nanomolar concentrations of ERG-1 inhibitors (E-4031 and BeKm-1) prolonged the duration of the AP plateau (normally ~ 1 sec in duration) and induced multiple spikes, whereas ERG-1 activators (ICA-105574 and RPR-260243) shortened the plateau and could completely inhibit spontaneous APs. At relatively high inhibitor concentrations, the AP plateau duration lasted as long as 24 sec. ERG activators reversed the effects of ERG inhibitors and vice-versa. In pressure myograph studies, ERG channel inhibition prolonged the diastolic repolarization phase of the contraction cycle and reduced the frequency of spontaneous contractions. This is the first evidence for a specific K+ channel contributing to the AP in lymphatic muscle. Our results imply that lymphatic contractile dysfunction may occur in long QT type II patients with mutations that result in ERG channel loss-of-function or impaired trafficking of the channel to the cell membrane.
Clinical and neuroimaging characteristics in mild-type infantile acute subdural hematoma: a report of four cases
Authors: Aoki Nobuhiko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Infantile acute subdural hematoma (IASDH) has a limited age distribution and mostly benign clinical features. Mild-type IASDH has a stereotypical clinical course that, however, has been described in only a few studies.
Methods
Four male infants (aged 6–10 months; mean age: 7.5 months) were diagnosed with mild-type IASDH associated with retinal hemorrhage (RH) after suffering from occipital impact in a fall. The present case series reviews their clinical features and neuroimaging findings, including CT and MRI findings.
Results
All infants fell backwards from a standing or sitting position onto a soft surface, striking the occipital region. They began crying on impact and then soon afterwards exhibited seizure-like activity or recurrent vomiting. CT and MRI revealed a thin, unclotted subdural hematoma (SDH) without mass effect or brain parenchymal abnormality. Various degrees of bilateral retinal hemorrhage (RH) were observed. On the day of symptom onset, all infants returned to baseline, and follow-up for more than 5 years revealed normal development with no deficits.
Conclusions
Mild-type IASDH with retinal hemorrhage presents with seizure-like activity or recurrent vomiting preceded by crying after an occipital impact on a soft surface. The clinical course of IASDH is followed by rapid recovery on the day of symptom onset. CT and MRI findings reveal a small, unclotted subdural hematoma (SDH) without a mass effect or cerebral parenchymal abnormality.
Observed Changes in wet days and Dry Spells over IGAD region of Eastern Africa
Authors: Omay Paulino Omoj , Muthama Nzioka John , Oludhe Christopher , Kinama Josiah M. , Artan Guleid , Atheru Zachary 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Changes and variability in wet days and dry spells are crucial for Crop production and food security in Eastern Africa. This paper seeks to investigate the changes in wet days and dry spells over the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD) region. Data used are Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS). Several statistical methods, wet days and dry spells thresholds applied on decadal (10 years), 20, 30 and 41 time-scale. The results show the region exhibits decrease in the number of wet days and prolonged dry spells in the 1980s, while extra-ordinary increase in wet days was observed in recent decades (2011–2020). The majority of districts in Uganda, South Sudan, highlands of western Ethiopia and Kenya observed the highest number of wet days and lowest dry spells. These areas observed 90–100% probability of exceeding 7 and 14 consecutive wet days (1 and 2 spells) during March-May (MAM), June-September (JJAS) and October-December (OND). Arid and Semi-arid Lands (ASALs) in Kenya, Somalia, southeastern Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti observed less than 5% of probability of exceeding 7, 14,21,28 days (1,2,3,4 spells). In addition, the floods events in 1997, 2018, 2019 and 2020, drought events in 1983, 1984, 1985 and 2021 over most parts of the region were driven by increase/decrease in number of wet days and dry spells. These findings are important for decision making, food security, planning adaptation and mitigation measures. Therefore, we recommend proper rain-fed agriculture planning, supplementary irrigation and Crop variety improvement in the IGAD region.
Investigation of microstructure and tribological property of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by laser shock peening processing
Authors: Gu Cheng , Tian Zenghui , Zhao Jian hua , Wang Yajun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Laser shock peening (LSP) is a process to introduce compressive residual stresses for improved surface properties of materials. In this study, the effect of LSP on the microstructure and tribological property of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was investigated. The surface and cross-sectional microstructure of the samples show that the shape of the β phase changes from a long strip to a short bar and granular after the LSP treatment. With the increase of laser energy, the surface roughness decreases gradually while the surface microhardness is increased. The maximum hardness is on the surface, and with the increase of the depth, the hardness decreases until a stable value of 339.4 HV which is the microhardness of the matrix. The thickness of the high-microhardness layer is about 350 μm. LSP treatment can decrease the average friction coefficient and effectively improve the tribological property of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The higher the laser energy, the better the wear resistance. This study is helpful for further study and applications of the LSP process in improving the tribological property of Ti alloys.
Cold Exposure Attenuates Medial Arterial Calcification via Autophagy
Authors: Li Fuxingzi , Liu Junjie , Shan Sukang , Xu Feng , Zheng Minghui , Lei Limin , Lin Xiao , Guo Bei , Li Changchun , Tang Kexin , Cao Yechi , Wu Yunyun , Duan Jiayue , Wu Yanlin , He Siyang , Chen Xi , Yuan Lingqing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Medial arterial calcification (MAC), a systemic vascular disease different from atherosclerosis, is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events. Several studies have demonstrated that ambient temperature is one of the most important factors affecting cardiovascular events. However, there has been limited research on the effect of different ambient temperatures on MAC. In the present study, we showed that compared with room temperature exposure (RT), cold temperature exposure (CT) in mice decreased vitamin D (VD)-induced vascular calcification. To investigate the mechanism involved, we isolated plasma-derived exosomes from mice subjected to CT or RT for 30 days (CT-Exo or RT-Exo, respectively). Compared with RT-Exo, CT-Exo remarkably inhibited the senescence/calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and promoted autophagy by activating phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) and inhibiting phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR). At the same time, CT-Exo promoted autophagy in β-glycerophosphate (β-GP)-induced VSMCs. The number of autophagosomes and the expression of autophagy-related proteins ATG5 and LC3B increased, while the expression of p62 decreased. Based on a microRNA chip microarray assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction, miR-320a-3p was highly enriched in CT-Exo as well as thoracic aortic vessels in CT mice. miR-320a-3p downregulation in CT-Exo using AntagomiR-320a-3p inhibited autophagy and blunted its anti-calcification effect on VSMCs. Moreover, we identified that programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is a target of miR-320a-3p, and silencing PDCD4 increased autophagy and decreased calcification in VSMCs. Treatment with CT-Exo alleviated MAC and ageing in VD-treated mice, while these effects were partially reversed by GW4869. Furthermore, the anti-arterial calcification effects of CT-Exo were largely abolished by AntagomiR-320a-3p in VD-induced mice. In summary, we have highlighted that prolonged cold may be a good way to reduce the incidence of MAC. Specifically, miR-320a-3p from CT-Exo could attenuate MAC via the AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway.
Numerical analysis of transient vortex formation at the outlet of a tank containing gas-liquid phases
Authors: Mohseni Mahdi , Domfeh Martin Kyereh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
One of the basic phenomena when a liquid leaves a tank, is the formation of vortices. This phenomenon can significantly affect the remaining liquid mass in the tank and the penetration of air and bubbles into the system. As a result, system performance may be disrupted. This study numerically investigates the influence of parameters such as discharge time, gas pressure, liquid depth, and angular velocity of the reference frame on the vortex characteristics. In addition, the near-wall behavior of the analytical relations proposed for the tangential velocity has been revised based on the boundary layer theory. The "volume of fluid" model (VOF) and the SST k-ω turbulence model have been used to solve the two-phase turbulent flow. The results show that increasing the gas pressure from 1 to 5 bar and its direct impact on the liquid surface significantly accelerates the formation of the vortex and the critical height. This phenomenon causes, after the starting of liquid discharge, the air core to reach the inlet port of the outlet pipe about 7 seconds earlier. As a result, much more liquid mass remains in the tank. Also, the increase in the angular velocity of the reference frame from 0.1 to 1 rad/s causes the critical height to be formed much sooner and the remaining liquid mass to increase by 32 kg. Furthermore, the amount and the variations of turbulent viscosity significantly differ from the semi-empirical constant values, limiting their use to particular streams.
The initial composition and structure of microbial community determined the yield and quality of Baijiu during the spontaneous fermentation
Authors: Li Dongjuan , Jia Fengan , Wang Lingling , Chang Fan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The microbiota during pit mud fermentation is one of the most important factors in Baijiu brewing since it determines the yield and quality. However, the effects of the microbial community at the initial stage of Baijiu fermentation remain unknown. Herein, we used high-throughput sequencing to explore the microbial diversity and distribution at the initial and late stages of Baijiu fermentation in individual pit mud workshops. At the initial fermentation stage, the bacterial community had a more significant effect on Baijiu quality than the fungal community. The richness and evenness of the bacterial community in the high-yield pit mud workshop were lower, as well as the Bray–Curtis dissimilarity, during Baijiu fermentation. Lactobacillus was the dominant genus and the biomarker in high-yield pit mud and the only genus composing the association network. For the high Baijiu yield rate, the fungal community tended to maintain a simple association network with a few species as the core microbiota. Rhizopus and Trichosporon were the biomarkers according to the association network during Baijiu fermentation. Finally, Lactobacillus and Rhizopus might be used as bio-indicators for Baijiu quality in the initial fermentation stage. Therefore, we provided new insights into microbiota interactions during fermentation and the effects of the initial microbiota on the final Baijiu quality.
Morphological and molecular characterization of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) accessions obtained from different locations in Turkey
Authors: KOCAK Mehmet Zeki , Kumlay Ahmet Metin , Alma Mehmet Hakkı 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an important crop for source of with the different uses of oil and fiber. In addition, flax, which has an important place in the world and our country, has a multi-purpose use area. The objectives of the current research were to assess genetic diversity and patterns of relationships among the relative cultivar/genotypes through morphological traits and microsatellite (SSR) markers. The present study evaluated genetic diversity and association patterns among 63 cultivar/genotypes through 19 morphological traits, oil yield (18.033%) and fatty acid compositions. The relative agro-morphological traits as well as, assessed genetic diversity through 16 loci strong amplicons SSR markers. According to the findings agronomic parameters; quality analyzes were performed to for promising varieties. The quality characteristics of the related fiber varieties were determined with the help of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and strength devices. As a result; It has been observed that the Eckendorfi can be promising. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) (JAMOVI 2022) performed to relevant parameters. Additionally, UPGMA (Arithmetic Mean Unweighted Double Group Method) is an individual marker system used to create the dendrogram. The average Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) values were recorded as (0.689), while the least and largest loci with allele dimensions were Lu9 (2) and Lu19-Lua613(6) respectively. These findings of the present study were supported by the results of the principal coordinate analysis. Morphological markers made use of in the study were found to be complementary to microsatellite-based markers in decoding, the genetic diversity and population structure of the flax germplasm.