bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and Catalytic Activity of MnSbOx Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3
Authors: Lv Shuangshuang , Zhang Xianlong , Dong Haoyang , Jin Shi , Wang Xinyu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractManganese‐antimony composite oxide catalysts were prepared for use in low‐temperature selective catalytic reduction of flue gas, by adopting the strategy of passivation to regulate the valence state of the active component and control catalytic activity. Activity evaluation results found that MnSb0.36Oy delivered 80 % NO conversion in the presence of SO2 at 200 °C, and nearly 90 % conversion at 250 °C. Doping with Sb changed the surface micromorphology, resulting in a perforated porousness layered foam with a porous structure of tens of nanometers, which was conducive to molecular mass transfer of the reaction gas. Doping with Sb regulated the valence state of the active MnOx component, which diminished catalytic oxidation of SO2, thus promoting catalyst stability and limiting the toxic effect of SO2.
Emerging Electrocatalysts in Urea Production
Authors: Wu Guanzheng , Yang Yidong , Jiang Jiadi , Liu Yi , Sun Mengmiao , Zhang Jianrui , Zhang Wuyong , Qin Qing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUrea synthesis from abundant CO2 and N‐feedstocks via renewable electricity has attracted increasing interests, offering a promising alternative to the industrial‐applied Haber‐Meiser process. However, the studies toward electrochemical urea production remain scarce and appeal for more research. Herein, in this perspective, an up‐to‐date overview on the urea electrosynthesis is highlighted and summarized. Firstly, the reaction pathways of urea formation through various feedstocks are comprehensively discussed. Then, we focus on the strategies of materials design to improve C−N coupling efficiency by identifying the descriptor and understanding the reaction mechanism. Finally, the current challenges and disadvantages in this field are reviewed and some future development directions of electrocatalytic urea synthesis are also prospected. This Minireview aims to promote future investigations of the electrochemical urea synthesis.
Fundamental symmetry origins in the chiral interactions of optical vortices
Authors: Andrews David L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently, a variety of mechanisms have been discovered that extend the range of optical techniques for identifying and characterizing molecular chirality, beyond those associated with optical polarization. It is now evident that beams of light with a twisted wavefront, known as optical vortices, can also interact with chiral matter with a specificity determined by relative handedness. Exploring this chiral sensitivity of vortex light in its interactions with matter requires careful consideration of the symmetry properties that engage in such processes. Most of the familiar measures of chirality are directly applicable to either matter, or to light itself—but only to one or the other. To elicit the principles that determine the viability of distinctly optical vortex‐based forms of chiral discrimination invites a more universal approach to symmetry analysis, as is afforded by the common, fundamental physics of
symmetry. Taking this approach supports a comprehensive and straightforward analysis to identify the mechanistic origins of vortex chiroptical interactions. Careful inspection of selection rules for absorption also elicits the principles governing any identifiable engagement with vortex structures, providing a reliable basis to ascertain the viability of other forms of enantioselective vortex interaction.
BORG family proteins in physiology and human disease
Authors: Tomasso Meagan R. , Padrick Shae B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe binder of rho GTPases (BORG)/Cdc42 effector proteins (Cdc42EP) family is composed of five Rho GTPase binding proteins whose functions and mechanism of actions are of emerging interest. Here, we review recent findings pertaining to the family as a whole and consider how these change our understanding of cellular organization. Recent studies have implicated BORGs in both fundamental physiology and in human diseases, mainly cancers. An emerging pattern suggests that BORG family members cancer‐promoting properties are related to their ability to regulate the cytoskeleton, with many impacting the organization of acto‐myosin stress fibers. This is consistent with the broader literature indicating that BORG family members are regulators of both the septin and actin cytoskeleton networks. The exact mechanism through which BORGs modify the cytoskeleton is not clear, but we consider here a few data‐supported and speculative possibilities. Finally, we delve into how the Rho GTPase Cdc42 modifies BORG function in cells. This remains open‐ended as Cdc42's effects on BORGs appear cell type‐ and cell state‐dependent. Collectively, these data point to the importance of the BORG family and suggest broader themes in their function and regulation.
Consensus recommendations in the management of Ewing sarcoma from the National Ewing Sarcoma Tumor Board
Authors: Gupta Ajay , Riedel Richard F. , Shah Chirag , Borinstein Scott C. , Isakoff Michael S. , Chugh Rashmi , Rosenblum Jeremy M. , Murphy Erin S. , Campbell Shauna R. , Albert Catherine M. , Zahler Stacey , Thomas Stefanie M. , Trucco Matteo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEwing sarcoma (ES) is a malignant tumor of bone and soft tissue that most often occurs in adolescents and young adults. Despite an international coordinated approach, several nuances, discrepancies, and debates remain in defining the standard of care for treating ES. In this review, the authors leverage the expertise assembled by formation of the National Ewing Sarcoma Tumor Board, a multi‐institution, multidisciplinary virtual tumor board that meets monthly to discuss complicated and challenging cases of ES. This report is focused on select topics that apply to the management of patients with newly diagnosed ES. The specific topics covered include indications for bone marrow aspirate and biopsy for initial evaluation compared with fluorodeoxyglucose‐positron emission tomography, the role of interval compressed chemotherapy in patients aged 18 years and older, the role of adding ifosfamide/etoposide to vincristine/doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide for patients with metastatic disease, the data on and role of high‐dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation, maintenance therapy, and whole‐lung irradiation. The data referenced are often limited to subgroup analyses and/or compiled from multiple sources. Although not intended to replace the clinical judgement of treating physicians, the guidelines are intended to provide clarity and recommendations for the upfront management of patients with ES.Plain Language Summary

Ewing sarcoma is a malignant tumor of bone and soft tissue that most often occurs in adolescents and young adults.
For this review, the authors used the experience of the National Ewing Sarcoma Tumor Board, a multi‐institution, multidisciplinary virtual tumor board that meets monthly to discuss complicated and challenging cases of Ewing sarcoma.
Although not intended to replace the clinical judgement of treating physicians, the guidelines will focus on the development of consensus statements for the upfront management of patients with Ewing sarcoma.
Mandibular bone remodeling around osseointegrated functionally graded biomaterial implant using three dimensional finite element model
Authors: Elleuch Sameh , Jrad Hanen , Wali Mondher , Dammak Fakhreddine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDental implantation surgery has been progressed as one of the most efficient prosthetic technologies, however, it still fails very often and one of the main causes is the large difference between implant mechanical properties and those in welcoming bony tissues, making it problematical in osseointegration and bone remodeling. Biomaterial and tissue engineering research shows that there is a requirement in developing implants with Functionally Graded Materials (FGM). Indeed, the great potential of FGM lies not only in the field of bone tissue engineering but also in dentistry. To improve the acceptance of dental implants inside the living bone, FGM were proposed to step up the challenge of ensuring a better match of mechanical properties between biologically and mechanically compatible biomaterials. The aim of the present work is to investigate mandibular bone remodeling induced by FGM dental implant. Three‐dimensional (3D) mandibular bone structure around an osseointegrated dental implant has been created to analyze the biomechanical behavior of the bone–implant system depending on implant material composition. In order to implement the numerical algorithm into ABAQUS software, UMAT subroutines and user‐defined material were employed. Finite element analysis have been conducted to determine the stress distributions in implant and bony system, and to evaluate bone remodeling induced by the use of various FGM and pure titanium dental implants over the period of 48 months.
Effect of bariatric surgery on endometrial cancer regression as part of fertility sparing treatment
Authors: Lin Jinlin , Ho Weng Yan , Lim Qi Xuan , Chin Hui Xian Felicia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionObesity is a major risk factor in the development of endometrial cancer (EC) in young patients of reproductive age. Fertility sparing treatment is a viable option for a select group of patients with early EC, and involves systemic and intra‐uterine hormonal therapy. Weight loss has been associated with improved outcomes in this group. Bariatric surgery (BS) has been shown to be the most efficient and durable method of weight loss in obese patients. However, there is a paucity of data studying the benefit of BS as part of fertility sparing treatment.MethodsWe present a retrospective case series of five patients who are undergoing fertility sparing treatment for early EC, who also underwent BS for treatment of obesity and related comorbidities. We aim to show early regression of EC for all the patients and also report on the other health benefits of BS.ResultsAll five patients in the series achieved regression of EC within 6 months of undergoing BS. They also achieved significant weight loss consistent with previous studies, and three patients who had comorbidities related to obesity had remission of these conditions. One of the patients with EC regression also managed to conceive with IVF (In‐vitro Fertilisation).ConclusionPatients on fertility sparing treatment for early EC who underwent BS was associated with early regression within 6 months, significant weight loss and resolution of comorbidities. BS could be a promising component of fertility sparing treatment. Long term, prospective studies are required to confirm the benefits reported in this case series.
On the Role of Charge Transfer in Many‐Body Non‐Covalent Interactions**
Authors: Řezáč Jan , de la Lande Aurélien 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCharge transfer is one of the mechanisms involved in non‐covalent interactions. In molecular dimers, its contribution to pairwise interaction energies has been studied extensively using a variety of interaction energy decomposition schemes. In polar interactions such as hydrogen bonds, it can contribute ten or several tens of percent of the interaction energy. Less is known about its importance in higher‐order interactions in many‐body systems, mainly because of the lack of methods applicable to this problem. In this work, we extend our method for the quantification of the charge‐transfer energy based on constrained DFT to many‐body cases and apply it to model trimers extracted from molecular crystals. Our calculations show that charge transfer can account for a large fraction of the total three‐body interaction energy. This also has implications for DFT calculations of many‐body interactions in general as it is known that many DFT functionals struggle to describe charge‐transfer effects correctly.
Effects of endozoochory and diploendozoochory by captive wild mammals on Juniperus deppeana seeds
Authors: Rubalcava‐Castillo Fabián Alejandro , Valdivia‐Flores Arturo Gerardo , Luna‐Ruíz José de Jesús , Íñiguez‐Dávalos Luis Ignacio , Martínez‐Calderón Víctor Manuel , Meraz Jiménez Antonio de Jesús , Sosa‐Ramírez Joaquín 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCarnivorous mammals disperse seeds through endozoochory and diploendozoochory. The former consists of ingestion of the fruit, passage through the digestive tract, and expulsion of the seeds, a process that allows scarification and dispersal of the seeds over long or short distances. The latter is typical of predators that expel seeds that were contained in the prey and the effects of which may differ from those of endozoochory with respect to the retention time of the seeds in the tracts, as well as their scarification and viability. The objective of this study was to conduct an experimental evaluation comparing the capacity of each mammal species in terms of the dispersal of Juniperus deppeana seeds and, at the same time, to compare this capacity through the two dispersal systems: endozoochory and diploendozoochory. We measured dispersal capacity using indices of recovery, viability, changes in testas, and retention time of seeds in the digestive tract. Juniperus deppeana fruits were collected in the Sierra Fría Protected Natural Area in Aguascalientes, Mexico, and were administered in the diet of captive mammals: gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), coati (Nasua narica) and domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). These three mammals represented the endozoochoric dispersers. For the diploendozoochoric treatment, seeds excreted by rabbits were incorporated into the diets of captive mammals: bobcat (Lynx rufus) and cougar (Puma concolor), in a local zoo. Seeds present in the scats were then collected, and recovery rates and retention times were estimated. Viability was estimated by X‐ray optical densitometry and testa thicknesses were measured and surfaces checked using scanning electron microscopy. The results showed a recovery of seeds greater than 70% in all the animals. The retention time was <24 h in the endozoochory but longer at 24–96 h in the diploendozoochory (p < .05). Seed viability ( ± SD) was decreased in rabbits (74.0 ± 11.5%), compared to fruits obtained directly from the canopy (89.7 ± 2.0%), while gray fox, coati, bobcat, and cougar did not affect seed viability (p < .05). An increase in the thickness of the testas was also observed in seeds excreted from all mammals (p < .05). Through evaluation, our results suggest that mammalian endozoochory and diploendozoochory contribute to the dispersal of J. deppeana by maintaining viable seeds with adaptive characteristics in the testa to promote forest regeneration and restoration. In particular, feline predators can provide an ecosystem service through scarification and seed dispersal.
Rape bee pollen alleviates renal tissue damage in diabetic rats via anti‐inflammation, anti‐oxidation, and modulating gut microbiota
Authors: Hu Yingjun , Chen Simin , Yan Wenrui , Ji Le , Shao Mengli , Sun Ze , He Dong , Zhang Lijun , Xia Zengrun , Li Xinsheng , Zheng Hongxing , Qi Shanshan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRape (Brassica napus L.) bee pollen (RBP) is a functional food rich in nutrients obtained by worker bees collecting rape pollen and mixing it with nectar and bee salivary enzymes. The study aimed to investigate the protective impact of RBP on renal tissue damage and modulating gut microbiota in diabetic rats. We established a diabetic model of rat via streptozotocin injection, then the rats were treated with RBP for 6 weeks. Results showed that RBP significantly suppressed fasting glucose, reduced oxidative stress and prevented renal pathological changes as well as renal function damage in diabetic rats. In addition, RBP reduced the levels of serum inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor‐α, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1, C‐reaction protein, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, and IL‐18), and the expression levels of transforming growth factor‐β1, p‐Smad2, and p‐Smad3 in the kidney. Moreover, RBP supplementation also improved the gut microbial dysregulation in diabetic rats. Based on the results, RBP can improve kidney tissue damage in diabetic rats. This study will promote the development of RBP functional food.
Effects of exogenous advanced glycation end products on oxidative stress and renal injury in healthy mice
Authors: Zhang Lan , Wen Pingping , Zhang Jixin , Xia Chao , Xu Jingguo , Xu Huiqing , Cui Guiyou , Wang Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated the biological effects of exogenous advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on the induction of chronic kidney disease and the dose‐effect relationship. Male C57BL/6 mice were placed on four diets, including saline and three other diets differing only in AGEs content (low‐AGEs [LA], medium‐AGEs [MA], and high‐AGEs [HA] ratio, 1:3:5) for 4 weeks. With the increasing intake of AGEs, mice developed a significant increase in blood glucose and lipid levels, the fluorescence intensity of AGEs, Nε‐(carboxymethyl)‐lysine, Nε‐(carboxyethyl)‐lysine, and malondialdehyde levels, whereas their superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels were decreased significantly. HA had the highest urinary protein levels and the lowest creatinine clearance compared to the other groups. These suggested that AGEs are an essential contributor to increasing oxidative stress levels and intake of high‐level AGEs induces more severe kidney function impairment. Meanwhile, the AGEs intake damaged the kidney structure in a dose‐dependent manner, as evidenced by granular degeneration of kidney tubular epithelial cells and inflammatory cell infiltration. These findings shed light on the detrimental impacts of AGEs on human kidneys, which also will help reveal a dose‐effect relationship of AGEs.
Meningeal regulation of infections: A double‐edged sword
Authors: Eme‐Scolan Elisa , Arnaud‐Paroutaud Laurie , Haidar Narjess , Roussel‐Queval Annie , Rua Rejane 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the past 10 years, important discoveries have been made in the field of neuroimmunology, especially regarding brain borders. Indeed, meninges are protective envelopes surrounding the CNS and are currently in the spotlight, with multiple studies showing their involvement in brain infection and cognitive disorders. In this review, we describe the meningeal layers and their protective role in the CNS against bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections, by immune and nonimmune cells. Moreover, we discuss the neurological and cognitive consequences resulting from meningeal infections in neonates (e.g. infection with group B Streptococcus, cytomegalovirus, …) or adults (e.g. infection with Trypanosoma brucei, Streptococcus pneumoniae, …). We hope that this review will bring to light an integrated view of meningeal immune regulations during CNS infections and their neurological consequences.
Solid‐state Chromism of Zwitterionic Triarylmethylium Salts
Authors: Iwai Kento , Mizuhata Yoshiyuki , Nakamura Tomoya , Goto Masato , Wakamiya Atsushi , Shimakawa Yuichi , Tokitoh Norihiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractZwitterionic triarylmethylium dyes 1 and 2 were synthesized by using a synthetic unit of a tetraarylborate. The zwitterionic structure of 1 and 2 exhibits varied molecular assembly and induces charge transfer transition. These properties gave them specific optical features such as solvatochromism and mechanochromism in the solid state, that is, the green solid of 2 changes to yellow or red solid by dissolution & evaporation or grinding, respectively. The three colors were reproduced independently in different crystal forms, which were prepared from different recrystallization conditions. The diffuse reflectance measurement and powder X‐ray diffraction demonstrated the correlation between the colors and the solid‐state structures. The single crystal X‐ray analysis revealed face‐to‐face dimeric assembly in each crystal. Among the crystal structures, the intermolecular distances and packing patterns were notable differences. Based on these results, it can be suggested that unique color change of zwitterionic triarylmethylium dyes originates from the alternation of intermolecular interactions.
Osteoporosis treatment and pain relief: A scoping review
Authors: Pickering Marie‐Eva , Javier Rose‐Marie , Malochet Sandrine , Pickering Gisele , Desmeules Jules 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAnti‐osteoporosis (OP) drugs have been suggested to contribute to pain reduction during OP management. This scoping review aimed at mapping the literature on pain relief with anti‐OP drugs in OP treatment.Databases and Data TreatmentMedline, Pubmed and Cochrane databases were searched by two reviewers with keywords combinations. Randomized controlled and real‐life English studies, pain as an endpoint, antiosteoporosis drugs were inclusion criteria. Case reports, surveys, comment letters, conference abstracts, animal studies and grey literature were excluded. Predetermined data were extracted by two reviewers and disagreement solved through discussion.ResultsA total of 130 articles were identified, 31 publications were included, 12 randomized clinical trials and 19 observational studies. Pain reduction was assessed by different tools: Visual Analogue Scale, Verbal Rating Scale, Facial Scale or as a domain of quality of life questionnaires including Short form 8, 36, mini‐OP, Japanese OP, Qualeffo, Roland Morris Disability questionnaires. Collective data show that anti‐OP drugs may display an analgesic effect that may be linked to the local mode of action of drugs on bone and consecutive modulation of pain sensitization. The methodology of the studies showed a heterogeneity of endpoints, comparators, statistical approaches and follow‐up duration.ConclusionConsidering the limitations of the literature, there is a need for more rigorous trials and larger real‐life studies taking into account the recommendations published for research in rheumatology and in pain medicine. The identification of responders, patient subtypes, and of analgesic‐effect doses would allow optimization and individualization for pain relief in patients with OP.Significance StatementThis scoping review shows that anti‐OP drugs may improve pain and quality of life of patients with OP. The heterogeneity in design, choice of endpoints, methodology, comparators and follow‐up duration of included randomized clinical trials and real‐life studies does not allow so far to identify a predominant antiosteoporosis drug or an optimal dosage for pain relief. These gaps need to be addressed and warrant further research in the future for optimizing pain improvement in the course of OP drug treatment.