bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural correlates of model-based behavior in internet gaming disorder and alcohol use disorder
Authors: Kwon Mina , Choi Hang-Nyoung , Park Harhim , Ahn Woo-Young , Jung Young-Chul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundAn imbalance between model-based and model-free decision-making systems is a common feature in addictive disorders. However, little is known about whether similar decision-making deficits appear in internet gaming disorder (IGD). This study compared neurocognitive features associated with model-based and model-free systems in IGD and alcohol use disorder (AUD).MethodParticipants diagnosed with IGD (n=22) and AUD (n=22), and healthy controls (n=30) performed the two-stage task inside the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. We used computational modeling and hierarchical Bayesian analysis to provide a mechanistic account of their choice behavior. Then, we performed a model-based fMRI analysis and functional connectivity analysis to identify neural correlates of the decision-making processes in each group.ResultsThe computational modeling results showed similar levels of model-based behavior in the IGD and AUD groups. However, we observed distinct neural correlates of the model-based reward prediction error (RPE) between the two groups. The IGD group exhibited insula-specific activation associated with model-based RPE, while the AUD group showed prefrontal activation, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex and superior frontal gyrus.Furthermore, individuals with IGD demonstrated hyper-connectivity between the insula and brain regions in the salience network in the context of model-based RPE.Discussion and ConclusionsThe findings suggest potential differences in the neurobiological mechanisms underlying model-based behavior in IGD and AUD, albeit shared cognitive features observed in computational modeling analysis. As the first neuroimaging study to compare IGD and AUD in terms of the model-based system, this study provides novel insights into distinct decision-making processes in IGD.
Genomic locus of lncRNA-Gm26793forms an inter-chromosomal molecular lock withCubnto ensure proper stem cell differentiation and mouse embryogenesis
Authors: Liu Zhiwen , Yang Xianfa , Chen Jiehui , Ma Yongjian , Wan Xing , Fu Yonggao , Chen Yingying , Wen Mingzhu , Qian Yun , Zhang Yong , Zhu Dahai , Li Jinsong , Jing Naihe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInter-chromosomal interactions play a crucial role in 3D genome organization, yet the organizational principles and functional significances remain elusive. In general, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) loci and transcripts are frequently associated with transcriptional programs modulated by long-range chromatin interactions. Here, we identified a novel lncRNA namedGm26793, which is abundantly distributed in the primitive streak and mesodermal cells of E7.5 mouse gastrula. Through genetic ablation ofGm26793, we observed a preferential responsiveness to primitive endoderm lineage during stem cell differentiation, as well as enhanced occurrence of transient and degenerative state cells in early mouse embryos when the cell fate segregates between epiblast and primitive endoderm. Mechanistically, we revealed the genomic locus ofGm26793, rather than the lncRNA transcript or adjacent gene governs the cell fate preference towards primitive endoderm. Concretely,Gm26793locus (Chr 7) forms an inter-chromosomal molecular lock withCubn(Chr 2), restraining the expression ofCubnand maintaining a natural epigenetic landscape, thus ensuring the proper lineage specificationin vitroandin vivo. In order to reinforce this lock, CTCF and cohesin complex serves as a ring to fasten the inter-chromosomal contact. Overall, our study provides a clear paradigm that inter-chromosomal interaction collaborates with architectural factors to stabilize nuclear conformation and guarantee faithful gene expression during stem cell differentiation and mammalian embryogenesis.
Electrochemically controlled blinking of fluorophores to enable quantitative stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging
Authors: Yang Ying , Ma Yuanqing , Tilley Richard , Gaus Katharina , Gooding J. Justin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) allows widefield imaging with single molecule resolution through calculating the coordinates of individual fluorophores from the separation of the fluorophore emission in both time and space. Such separation is achieved by photoswitching the fluorophores between a long lived OFF state and an emissive ON state. Despite STORM having revolutionized cellular imaging it remains challenging for quantitative imaging of single molecules due to a number of limitations, such as photobleaching caused under counting, overlapping emitters related fitting error, and repetitive but random blinking induced over counting. To overcome these limitations, we develop an electrochemical approach to switch the fluorophores between ON and OFF states for STORM (EC-STORM). The approach provides greater control over the fluorophore recovery yield, emitter density, and random blinking than photochemically switching. The result is EC-STORM has superior imaging capability than conventional photochemical STORM and can perform molecular counting; a significant advance.
Male-specific vasotocin expression in the medaka tuberal hypothalamus: androgen dependence and probable role in aggression
Authors: Kawabata-Sakata Yukika , Kanda Shinji , Okubo Kataaki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTerrestrial vertebrates have a population of androgen-dependent vasotocin (VT)-expressing neurons in the extended amygdala that are more abundant in males and mediate male-typical social behaviors, including aggression. Teleosts lack these neurons but instead have novel male-specific VT-expressing neurons in the tuberal hypothalamus. Here we found in medaka thatvtexpression in these neurons is dependent on post-pubertal gonadal androgens and that androgens can act on these neurons to directly stimulatevttranscription via the androgen receptor subtype Ara. Furthermore, administration of exogenous VT induced aggression in females and alterations in the androgen milieu led to correlated changes in the levels of tuberal hypothalamicvtexpression and aggression in both sexes. However, genetic ablation ofvtfailed to prevent androgen-induced aggression in females. Collectively, our results demonstrate a marked androgen dependence of male-specificvtexpression in the teleost tuberal hypothalamus, although its relevance to male-typical aggression needs to be further validated.
A long journey to oyster stem cell markers.CgSox2 andCgPOU2 synergic DNA binding and NODE proteins
Authors: Delsert Claude D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSummary statementOyster Sox2 and POU bind in synergy to human Sox-Oct DNA motif, which suggests a role in stem cell maintenance. Sole among the oyster NODE proteins to alter chromatin SalL assembles in large hollow structures that exclude chromatin.Precursor or stem cells have been identified in mollusk, but determination of differentiation stages is still hampered by lack of markers, notably Oct4, that does not exist among invertebrates. To address this thorny question, oyster Nanog Oct4 DEacetylase proteins were studied, particularly POU proteins, a family that includes vertebrate Oct4.First, we showed that essential residues of 2 major vertebrate stem cell proteins, Sox2 and Oct4, are conserved through most metazoans which led to experimentally showin vitrothat recombinant Sox2 protein specifically binds to WT, the mammalian Sox2-Oct4 consensus DNA motif. Furthermore, oyster Sox2 and POU2-3 synergistically bound to WT thus mimicking Sox2 and Oct4 synergy. Altogether, these data suggest that invertebrate POU2 or 3 are Oct4 orthologs. Expression in mammalian cells showed that oyster NODE proteins do not significantly alter chromatin structure except SalL, the homolog of SalL4. Confocal images revealed barrel-shaped hollow structures, orthogonal to cell plane and constituted of aggregates. These bodies were able to fuse or to disassemble/reassemble in fewer but much bigger hollow structures that excluded chromatin.
Auditory corticofugal circuits drive vocalization-guided maternal behavior
Authors: LeMessurier Amy M. , Agha Ayat A. , Froemke Robert C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPerception of vocalizations is crucial for social behavior. A conserved example of this is mothers responding to distress calls from infants. In mice, experienced mothers (dams) find and retrieve isolated pups into the nest when pups emit ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs). Virgin females generally don’t retrieve pups until they gain experience, for example by co-housing with a dam and litter. The onset of retrieval behavior is correlated with heightened sensitivity to USVs in left auditory cortex (AC). This plasticity may support learning via projections from cortex to early structures in the auditory pathway. To test whether projections from left AC are required for retrieval, we chemogenetically silenced activity in layer 5 during retrieval. In expert retrievers, silencing only neurons projecting to inferior colliculus (corticocollicular) led to impairment in retrieval. However, silencing neurons projecting to striatum had no effect. We used optically-tagged in vivo whole-cell recordings and 2-photon Ca2+imaging in awake mice to compare encoding of USVs in corticostriatal and corticollicular neurons. Corticocollicular neurons in expert retrievers exhibited sustained increases in activity during USV playback compared to presentation of pure tones, while activity was equivalent during USV and pure tone presentation in corticostriatal neurons. The sustained activity we observed in corticollicular neurons may reflect increased excitability in a dedicated network of recurrently-linked cortical and subcortical areas. We tracked activity in corticocollicular and corticostriatal neurons over several days before and during co-housing as retrieval performance improved. This revealed robust population responses to USVs on each day in both groups. In both groups, delayed responses to USVs were larger in magnitude on days in which mice had reached expert performance, which may reflect network-level plasticity upregulating activity in recurrent auditory circuits to support perception of USVs.
Ecoploring the green gems
Authors: Chaudhary Karishma , Singh Pragya , Verma Deepak 
Published: September 2023

Supplementary materials
Services Marketing: People Technology Strategy (Eighth Edition) By Pearson, Authored by Wirtz Jochen, Lovelock Christopher, Chatterjee Jayanta, 2017; Service-Marketing: Text and Cases (Second Edition) By Pearson, Authored by Harsh Verma, 2011.

Social implications
Students will gain an understanding of business models, which has a positive impact on the environment.

Learning outcomes
This case study intends to help learners understand the concept of segmentation, targeting and positioning (STP) in the case of services. The idea of services is different from that of a product as in services; intangible elements dominate the value creation. By exploring the practical scenarios faced by the protagonist, in this case, readers would enhance their problem-solving abilities in similar situations.

Case overview/synopsis
Prerna is the founder of Ecoplore, an aggregator cum booking platform for eco-hotels. It onboards hotels only if they are made up of vernacular architecture and maintains at least 33% of greenery on its premises. Listed properties also harvested rainwater, used renewable source of energy, used sustainable options instead of single use plastic, composted organic waste. Most of these properties grow vegetables, fruits and herbs, and the visitors enjoy homemade organic meals. Ecoplore is the only aggregator platform to visit and verify these eco-hotels directly. Ecoplore is an early-stage startup; all customer queries were handled by Prerna, on-call or through a chat box. It included interacting with prospective clients, understanding their requirements, suggesting the most suited options and booking the eco-hotels. Prerna had to spend most of the time interacting with clients. Over time, she comprehended that only a few prospective clients became Ecoplore’s customers, and the conversion rate was low of owing to various reasons like ticket size, clients' age and psychology.

Complexity academic level
For students: This case is aptly designed for marketing students pursuing Bachelor’s in Business Administration and Master of Business Administration courses to understand and apply STP theory and service marketing concepts.

Subject code
CCS 3: Entrepreneurship.
Vodafone Ghana – being good by doing good under Patricia Obo-Nai’s leadership
Authors: Agnihotri Arpita , Bhattacharya Saurabh 
Published: September 2023

Social implications
Case explains how female leaders are more concerned about social issues the industry in which they operate could resolve. Obo-Nia, CEO of Vodafone Ghana, showed concern for resolving the digital divide in Africa and offered a collaborative solution. The case also suggests how female CEOs invest in strategic corporate social responsibility (CSR) that could create a competitive advantage for firms. The case also discusses gender diversity issues in the science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) field and how Vodafone Ghana’s CEO tried to enhance gender diversity in the telecommunication sector and Vodafone. Obo-Nai did not emphasize gender diversity from a CSR perspective but believed in a business case for gender diversity, as an increase in participation of women in the STEM workforce could help the telecommunication sector innovate faster and resolve the digital divide challenge while also empowering women working from the informal sector.

Learning outcomes
What is the significance of a digital divide and the societal role of the telecommunication sector; Why female CEOs are more concerned about CSR and how CSR makes not charity but business case; Why female CEOs are more inclined toward collaborative strategies and how stakeholders are involved in collaborative strategies for reducing the digital divide; Exploring various strategies for enhancing gender diversity in the STEM field and the significance of gender diversity in the STEM field.

Case overview/synopsis
The case is about the challenges faced by Patricia Obo-Nai, the first female CEO of Vodafone Ghana, to bridge the digital divide in Africa while doing so in a profitable manner. Obo-Nai was an engineer by profession and won several awards as she rose to the post of CEO in Vodafone Ghana in 2019. During the COVID-19 pandemic, she took several corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives, such as making internet service freely available in certain schools and universities so that education could continue. Obo-Nai also emphasized gender diversity within Vodafone and urged other telecommunication players to focus on gender diversity from a social responsibility perspective because it was essential for innovation. Under Obo-Nai’s leadership, Vodafone itself launched several new products. She called for a multistakeholder collaborative approach to bridge the digital divide and to make 4G internet affordable in Africa. Obo-Nai collaborated with competitors like MTN Ghana to enhance Vodafone Ghana’s roaming services.

Complexity academic level
This case is intended for undergraduate or graduate-level business and management courses, especially international business and society, CSR and leadership courses. Graduate students in public policy may also find the case compelling.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject codes
CCS5: International Business; CCS10: Public Sector Management
Amounee, a case for micro entrepreneurship: giving voice to the artisans of the Indian handicrafts industry
Authors: Anil Kanwal , Misra Anil , Bal Ruchika 
Published: September 2023

Social implications
The case projects how a women-led social enterprise provides livelihoods through a digitally operated unique micro-entrepreneurship model for the rural artisans of the Indian handicrafts industry, thus bringing about social change through economic empowerment of the community.

Learning outcomes
To understand how women entrepreneurship is contributing towards livelihood generation and rural artisan empowerment in India. To understand the make-up of a for-profit social enterprise in the Indian Handicrafts Industry, its challenges and solutions through innovative business. To present the mindset and journey of a woman social entrepreneur. To present and understand the growth and scaling up of such unique social ventures. To understand a unique form of the micro entrepreneurship model being built through digital platforms.

Case overview/synopsis
The objective of writing this case is to bring out a case of women entrepreneurship in the craft-based industry in India. This case seeks to emphasise on the following learning themes in the area of entrepreneurship: Women entrepreneurship: trials and tribulations. Micro entrepreneurship/rural artisan empowerment. Livelihood generation and upliftment of the rural artisans and revival of dying art and crafts in the Indian craft-based industry. The novel ecommerce and data analytics experience being skilfully incorporated by small enterprises to their vantage and making both the seller’s as well as the buyer’s experience unique. The case highlights how the unique business models of social entrepreneurship through the use of technology bring the digital experience to rural India. Social entrepreneurship. The case narrates the story of a budding social entrepreneur Megha Das who is a textile designer by profession and showcases her journey towards the creation of unique digital platforms which transf

Complexity academic level
The case has been targeted to be taught in Masters level course in business management/administration, entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship, development studies, gender studies, design, etc. Its watered-down version can also be taught in under graduate programs in commerce, business management, business administration, fashion and textile designing, entrepreneurship, development studies, gender studies, etc.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CCS 3: Entrepreneurship.
Generation Z's attitudes toward virtual tourism: the impact of implicit and explicit attitudes
Authors: Rodrigues Paula , Sousa Ana , Pinto Borges Ana 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThe aim of this study is to evaluate the implicit and explicit attitudes of Generation Z (Gen Z) individuals toward the experience of visiting and getting to know traditional or virtual museums.Design/methodology/approachTwo studies were conducted. The first study assesses the implicit attitudes of Gen Z individuals through Implicit Association Tests (IAT) toward the experience of visiting traditional versus virtual museums. Considering the results of the study one, the second study proposes and validates a conceptual model through PLS-SEM approach about the explicit attitudes of this generation toward virtual museums.FindingsIn the first study, it was found that virtual museums are more successful at engaging and immersing participants than traditional museums for Gen Z. The second study emphasized the significance of meeting Gen Z expectations and ensuring effortless access to information in virtual experiences as this can lead to increased satisfaction and inspiration among this generation.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies in its focus on Gen Z's attitudes toward virtual museums and the use of both implicit and explicit attitude measures to gain a comprehensive understanding of these attitudes. An interesting aspect emerges from the implicit attitudes displayed by Gen Z, indicating their preference for virtual museums as more captivating compared to traditional ones.
Lost in the middle – a pragmatic approach for ERP managers to prioritize known vulnerabilities by applying classification and regression trees (CART)
Authors: Mathieu Richard G. , Turovlin Alan E. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
Cyber risk has significantly increased over the past twenty years. In many organizations, data and operations are managed through a complex technology stack underpinned by an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system such as systemanalyse programmentwicklung (SAP). The ERP environment by itself can be overwhelming for a typical ERP Manager, coupled with increasing cybersecurity issues that arise creating periods of intense time pressure, stress and workload, increasing risk to the organization. This paper aims to identify a pragmatic approach to prioritize vulnerabilities for the ERP Manager.

Design/methodology/approach
Applying attention-based theory, a pragmatic approach is developed to prioritize an organization’s response to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Vulnerability Database (NVD) vulnerabilities using a Classification and Regression Tree (CART).

Findings
The application of classification and regression tree (CART) to the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s National Vulnerability Database identifies prioritization unavailable within the NIST’s categorization.

Practical implications
The ERP Manager is a role between technology, functionality, centralized control and organization data. Without CART, vulnerabilities are left to a reactive approach, subject to overwhelming situations due to intense time pressure, stress and workload.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this work is original and has not been published elsewhere, nor is it currently under consideration for publication elsewhere. CART has previously not been applied to the prioritizing cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
Does local vs. national government ownership, and auditor choice matter for audit pricing? Evidence from China
Authors: Semba Hu Dan , Wu Lefei 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
The Chinese data setting allows researchers to explore the influence of local versus national (central) government ownership on companies. This study aims to examine the influence of government ownership (local versus national) and auditor choice (choosing larger or smaller firms) on audit pricing in China.

Design/methodology/approach
This study executed three panel data regressions to examine the two hypotheses using 19,626 observations from 2009 to 2017 in the Chinese data setting. This study also uses the Sobel test to investigate the moderating effect of auditor choice.

Findings
This study first examines whether choosing a large audit firm positively influences audit pricing and whether listed state-owned enterprises (SOEs) charge less audit fees to audit firms after controlling for various variables. However, the interaction influence of government ownership and audit firm size on audit pricing is positive, suggesting that a large audit firm charges a client company more, even if the client is an SOE. More importantly, when we divide SOEs into national- and local-SOEs, the results of the influence of auditor choice, government ownership and the interaction of government ownership on audit pricing are consistent (plus, minus, plus), and audit firms charge local-SOEs less than national-SOEs. Furthermore, from the additional analysis, this study finds that the strong auditor type has a moderate effect on the case of local-SOEs on audit pricing and local-SOEs choose smaller auditors.

Originality/value
Research on the differences between local and national government ownership is limited. This study adds empirical results from this perspective. In particular, the findings suggest a further audit pricing research direction to consider the influence of client companies’ ownership types and auditor choice, especially in countries with planned economies.