bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-Intensity Functional Training Induces Superior Training Adaptations Compared With Traditional Military Physical Training
Authors: Helén Joonas , Kyröläinen Heikki , Ojanen Tommi , Pihlainen Kai , Santtila Matti , Heikkinen Risto , Vaara Jani P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Helén, J, Kyröläinen, H, Ojanen, T, Pihlainen, K, Santtila, M, Heikkinen, R, and Vaara, JP. High-intensity functional training induces superior training adaptations compared with traditional military physical training. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study examined the effectiveness of concurrent strength and endurance training with an emphasis on high-intensity functional training (HIFT) during military service. Voluntary male conscripts (aged 18–28 years) were placed in either an experimental (EXP: n = 50–66) or a control (CON: n = 50–67) group. The training for the EXP group included HIFT using body mass, sandbags, and kettlebells. The CON group trained according to the current practice. Physical performance and body composition were assessed at baseline (PRE), at week 10 (MID), and after (POST) the 19-week training period. Significance was set at p < 0.05. The total distance covered in a 12-minute running test increased in both groups, but the change in EXP was superior to the change in CON (11.6%, ES: 0.79 vs. 5.7%, ES: 0.33; p = 0.027). Maximal strength and power characteristics increased in EXP (3.1–5.0%), whereas no improvements were observed in CON. Conscripts with the highest initial fitness showed no improvements in physical performance in either group. Body mass and waist circumference decreased in EXP, whereas CON showed an increase in muscle mass. These findings suggest that HIFT is an effective and time-efficient approach to improve soldiers' aerobic fitness during military service. For the optimal development of strength, the training equipment used may not have provided sufficient and progressive loading to yield considerable strength adaptations. More focus should be placed on sufficient intensity and volume in both strength and endurance training, especially for the most fit soldiers.
Dynorphinergic Projections from the Central Amygdala to the Parabrachial Nucleus Regulate Itch
Authors: Funahashi Hideki , Pavlenko Darya , Sakai Kent , Verpile Rebecca , Sanders Kristen M. , Akiyama Tasuku 
Published: June 2023

The amygdala plays a key role in the processing of itch and pain signals as well as emotion. A previous study revealed that the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA)-parabrachial nucleus (PBN) pathway is involved in pain regulation. The same pathway might also control itch. To test this possibility, prodynorphin (Pdyn)-Cre mice were used to optogenetically manipulate Pdyn+CeA-to-PBN projections. We found that optogenetic stimulation of Pdyn+amygdala neurons or Pdyn+CeA-to-PBN projections inhibited histamine-evoked and chloroquine-evoked scratching. The number of Fos-positive neurons in the PBN increased following intradermal injection of chloroquine. Optogenetic stimulation of Pdyn+CeA-to-PBN projections suppressed the increase in Fos expression in the PBN. Optogenetic stimulation of Pdyn+CeA-to-PBN projections increased thermal and mechanical thresholds without affecting anxiety-like behavior. These results highlight the importance of dynorphinergic projections from the central amygdala to the parabrachial nucleus in the regulation of itch signaling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA)-parabrachial nucleus (PBN) pathway regulates pain signaling. Using prodynorphin (Pdyn)-cre mice, we investigated the role of Pdyn+CeA-to-PBN projections in itch. Optogenetic stimulation of Pdyn+CeA-to-PBN projections inhibited pruritogen-evoked scratching and neuronal activity (c-Fos expression) in the PBN. Together, dynorphinergic projections from the central amygdala to the parabrachial nucleus are important for regulating itch information.
Systematization Of Functions Of Criminal Law Policy
Authors: Kozych I.V. 
Published: June 2023

The author argues that the policy in the field of combating crime as a component of state legal policy ensures the implementation of certain functions on the basis of the relevant principles. Anti-crime policy performs a number of functions inherent in politics in general. In particular, the integrative function ensures the unity, integrity and stability of society.
The managerial and regulatory function is that the policy expresses the socially significant interests of all segments of society by defining specific goals and objectives of the relevant bodies. The function of rationalization forms the tactical and strategic goals of society, determines effective methods of their implementation. The function of innovation is to respond to anti-crime policies to new forms of social life using appropriate dynamic methods and techniques. The function of resource mobilization ensures the use of appropriate efforts to address the tasks assigned to the studied policy area (and, accordingly, the effectiveness of policy implementation in the field of combating crime in general).
The human rights function is aimed at criminal law protection of human rights and freedoms. The function of political socialization «includes» people, public organizations in the world of criminal law regulation and protection, giving them various opportunities to influence the implementation of criminal law policy.
The author points to the survival of the following formative (incoming) functions of criminal law policy: 1) the function of forming a request; 2) the function of determining resources. Among the implementation («initial») functions of criminal law policy should be noted: 1) rule-making function, 2) rule-making function, 3) control function.
Service functions are: 1) interpretive function; 2) information and communication function.
Voces de poetas
Authors: Colonna Valentina 
Published: June 2023

En este artículo se pretende desarrollar un primer estudio fonético aplicado a la lectura de poesía española. Tras una presentación teórica, se presenta un análisis experimental. Primeramente introducimos y analizamos cualitativamente tres poetas representativos del siglo XX hispanohablantes, a saber, Rafael Alberti, Jorge Guillén y Pablo Neruda, para ser posteriormente comparados con tres poetas contemporáneos. Se emplea un enfoque fonético experimental y se utiliza la metodología del proyecto VIP-Voices of Italian Poets, destacando un sistema de norma y variación. Finalmente se confirma la importancia de los estudios experimentales para profundizar la vocalidad de la poesía. Además, la investigación, aunque basada en un pequeño corpus de grabaciones, permite comparar tres principales estilos diferentes de lectura de poesía, considerando una selección razonada de índices. Por último, gracias a un enfoque cualitativo-comparativo, es posible detectar no sólo divergencias estilísticas entre el siglo pasado y el actual, sino también diferentes formas de producir uno de los principales aspectos retóricos de la poesía, es decir, el encabalgamiento.
Aristizábal y Gravina. Un viaje y una visión de la capital otomana
Authors: Lucía Castejón R. 
Published: June 2023

Militares ilustrados. Éstos serán puntos de vista que lleguen a España desde la Sublime Puerta una vez se reanuden los contactos políticos entre ambas potencias mediterráneas. Los marinos Aristizabal y Gravina dejarán constancia de sus impresiones y experiencias adquiridas en los primeros viajes de contacto a Constantinopla, teniendo en común el tamiz ilustrado que tan apasionante época dejó en ellos. Numerosos son los estudios sobre los viajes que ambos personajes realizaron, pero aquí se intentará tratarlos como un único viaje, al tener un hilo conductor común y realizarse en un breve espacio de tiempo.Palabras clave: Ilustración, Constantinopla, viajes, diplomacia, Armada. Abstract:Enlightened military men. These are the viewpoints that come to Spain from the Sublime Porte once the political contacts are resumed between both Mediterranean powers. The sailors Aristizábal and Gravina will leave witness of their impressions and experiences acquired in the first trips of contact to Constantinople, having jointly the enlightened sieve that so exciting period left in them. Numerous are the studies on the trips that both prominent figures made, but here we will try to treat them as an only trip, on having had a conductive common thread and to be made in a brief lapse of time.Keywords: Enlightenment, Constantinople, trips, diplomacy, Navy.
Balat y Hasköy: dos barrios judíos de Estambul a la luz de varios observadores españoles (1784-1905)
Authors: Martín Asuero P. 
Published: June 2023

A finales del siglo XVIII se acaba con la rivalidad hispano-otomana en el Mediterráneo, a partir de ese momento los observadores españoles, militares, escritores, periodistas y diplomáticos en su mayoría, escribirán sobre la capital otomana en el marco de la cuestión de Oriente. Uno de los aspectos más interesantes es el reencuentro con los sefardíes. Los barrios de Fener y Balat, situados en el Cuerno de Oro, poblados mayoritariamente por judíos de origen hispánico serán uno se los escenarios escogidos para entrar en contacto con ellos y la sorpresa que supone reencontrarse con ellos.Palabras clave: España, Imperio Otomano, Ilustración, sefardíes, literatura de viajeros, diplomáticos, militares, Baltat, Hasköy, Angel Pulido, Pin i Soler. Abstract:At the end of the 18th century the old Spanish-Turkish rivalry in the Mediterranean is over. The Spanish observers who were mostly soldiers, writers, journalist and diplomats, wrote about the Ottoman capital during the Eastern Question. One of the most interesting topics is the reunion with the Sephardic Jews. The districts of Fener and Hasköy, in the Golden Horn, were mostly populated by the descendents of the Jews of Hispanic origin, they became an important scenery to meet them.Keywords: Spain, Ottoman Empire, The Enlighment, Sephardi Jews, Travel Literature, diplomats, soldiers, Balat, Hasköy, Angel Pulido, Pin i Soler.
Students' Pseudo-Thinking Process in Solving SPLDV Problems Based on Polya's Stages
Authors: Syahraini Alfi , Priatna Nanang , Suhendra Suhendra 
Published: June 2023

Proses berpikir pseudo siswa terdiri dari pseudo benar dan pseudo salah, dapat dilihat dari cara menyelesaikan soal SPLDV berdasarkan tahapan Polya. Masalah yang akan dikaji adalah proses berpikir pseudo siswa saat menyelesaikan soal SPLDV dengan tahapan Polya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan proses berpikir pseudo siswa dalam memecahkan masalah berdasarkan Tahapan Polya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di salah satu SMP Kota Jambi, Provinsi Jambi, dengan subjek penelitian 2 siswa kelas 8 untuk materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel. Metode yang diguanakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan triangulasi data, adapun instrumen penelitian menggunakan tes pemecahan masalah dan pedoman wawancara. Analisis data yang dilakukan terdiri dari reduksi data penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah: 1) Pada proses pemecahan masalah matematis, terdapat siswa yang menjawab benar akan tetapi saat di wawancara ternyata siswa hanya hafal rumus dan tidak memahami konsep, ini dinamakan pseudo benar. 2) Pada proses pemecahan masalah matematis, terdapat siswa yang menjawab salah tetapi setelah diwawancara siswa dapat merefleksikan sehingga mampu memperbaiki jawaban, ini dinamakan pseudo salah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, saat mengajar guru dapat mengetahui mana siswa yang benar-benar berpikir dan mana yang berpikir pseudo. The student's pseudo thought process consists of pseudo-true and pseudo-false, it can be seen from how to solve SPLDV problems based on Polya's stages. The problem to be studied is the pseudo thought process of students when solving SPLDV problems with Polya's stages. This study aims to describe the pseudo thought process of students in solving problems based on Polya's stages. This research was conducted at one of the Jambi City Junior High Schools, Jambi Province, with the research subject 2 students of 8th grade students for the material of the System of Linear Equations of Two Variables. The method used in this research is qualitative research. Data collection was carried out by triangulating data, while the research instruments used problem solving tests and interview guidelines. The data analysis consisted of data reduction, data display and conclucing drawing/verification. The findings of this study are: 1) In the process of solving mathematical problems, there are students who answer correctly but when interviewed it turns out that students only memorize formulas and do not understand concepts, this is called pseudo correct. 2) In the process of solving mathematical problems, there are students who answer incorrectly but after being interviewed students can reflect so that they can improve their answers, this is called pseudo-false. Based on the results of the study, when teaching teachers can find out which students are really thinking and which ones are pseudo thinking.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE POSITION OF THE TENDON GRAFT HAMSTRING MUSCLE ON THE STABILITY OF THE KNEE JOINT UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF PLASTICITY OF THE STRUCTURES OF THE POSTEROLATERAL ANGLE
Authors: Golovakha Maxim , Panchenko Serhii , Bondarenko Stanislav , Bezverkhyi Andrey 
Published: June 2023

Damage to the posterolateral angle of the knee joint is an injury that occurs occasionally and can be isolated or combined with tears of the posterior or anterior cruciate ligaments. The key link of damage to the posterior lateral corner is the rupture of the tendon of the hamstring muscle, mained stabilizer of excess external rotation lower legs. Objective. Determine the optimal fixation position tendon graft on the posterior surface of the tibia subject to recovery of the hamstring muscle which ensuring the greatest stability of the lower leg during external rotation. Methods. Models of the knee joint were built with different attachment points of the popliteal graft muscle in the ANSYS software environment. The criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of selecting the fixation point of the transplant were chosen as the degree of movement of the finite parts elements of the model. Results. The smallest movements in all directions received in the case when the transplant fixed as far as possible outwards and upwards, near the joint surface. Maximum — in the direction of the coordinate axes, as well as full movement were recorded for the control model, in the absence of the hamstring tendon The nature of the distribution of displacement fields in all models p graft and control were identical. Biggest there were additional displacements in the direction of the x axis (outward). on the front border of the platform, and the largest negative (so far redins) on the back. The largest additional shifts to the sides the y (front) axes are fixed at the leftmost limit and the largest negative (back) — to the rightю Conclusions. In view of the stability of the lower leg during rotational loading, the most effective is fixation of the hamstring graft on the back surface of the fibula is as late as possible and closer to its cardiac surface, finished in this case, the dimensions are found to be the smallest in all directions. The greatest displacement in all directions obtained in the control model for less tendon hamstring muscle.
Molecular study of pathogenic and saprophytic fungal species on infected parts of Malus pumila L. of district Qilla Abdullah, Balochistan, Pakistan
Authors: HASNAIN Ali , KAKAR Muhammad M. , YOUSAF Nousheen , ALI Shaukat , TAHIR Aisha , MEHMOOD Zahid , JOHN Arooba , EJAZ Amna , BINYAMEEN  , HARMA  , IQBAL Maryam , ANJUM Hafiz N. , ANGGRAENI Tantri , IQBAL KHAN Zafar , YANG Hsi-Hsien , AWAN Muhammad U.F. 
Published: June 2023

Apple (Malus pumila L) of the family Rosaceae, most cultivated fruit in temperate regions of the world and is used fresh or processed. The apple production is affected by several pathogens including fungi. The present study was designed to identify disease-causing agents that reduce fruit production in the district Qilla Abdullah of Balochistan, Pakistan, which is the main apple production area of the province. Three varieties of apple: ‘Tur-Kulu’ (‘Red Delicious’), ‘Shin-Kulu’ (‘Golden Delicious’), and ‘Kaja’ were selected. Infected leaf samples were collected from eight different sites of tehsil Gulistan, district Qilla Abdullah. The cultures of fungal micro-flora were grown on two media, potato dextrose agar (PDA), and malt extract agar (MEA) followed by incubation for one week. The resulting colonies were observed under a microscope and identified based on morphological characters. Predominant fungal species was identified through ITS marker and PCR amplification. The isolated pathogens belonged to Zygomycota and Ascomycota divisions. The pathogens found were Aspergillus niger, A. oryzae, A. terrus, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Mucor spp., Penicillium expansum, and one species of Absidia as well as Rhizopus. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were predominantly found in all varieties. Morphological and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the identity of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. As a result of this study, the predominant pathogen species Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of the causes of leaf infection in apple varieties.
Diario de lectura de los Escolios de Nicolás Gómez Dávila. Cuadernos III, IV y V, de Ernesto Volkening, edición académica, notas y prólogo de Francia Goenaga, Alfredo Abad y Efrén Giraldo (2023), Universidad de los Andes y Universidad EAFIT, 378 p.
Authors: Villegas Giraldo Pablo Andrés 
Published: June 2023

Cualquier lector que haya pasado con cierto respeto sobre las líneas escritas en los Escolios tendrá sin más que compartir irremediablemente dos sentimientos con Ernesto Volkening, a saber: primero, la familiaridad que produce el escolio al ser leído a la luz de la tradición occidental; segundo, la necesidad de conectarlo con su propia experiencia vital, como un complemento de su propia historia. Si en cualquier caso “la lectura compromete la vida misma” (Abad et al., 2020, p. XIII), leer a Nicolás Gómez Dávila toca en lo más íntimo de lo que en realidad somos. De allí que sus anotaciones nos conecten con nuestra intimidad y nuestra historia; sobre este asunto se detiene el ensayista de Amberes, retomando y resaltando algunos de los escolios escritos por el bogotano.
“Recupere a Lagoa”: análise barthesiana de imagens pós-desastre na Lagoa da Conceição/SC
Authors: Hodecker Maísa , Bousfield Andréa Barbará da Silva , Felippe Maíra Longhinotti 
Published: June 2023

INTRODUÇÃO: No dia 25 de janeiro de 2021 ocorreu o rompimento de uma das barragens da Companhia Catarinense de Águas e Saneamento (CASAN) para depositar esgoto tratado, atingindo 50 famílias de Florianópolis/SC. OBJETIVO: Esse artigo visa interpretar imagens capturadas por atingidos pelo desastre ambiental da Lagoa da Conceição/SC. CAMPO: a pesquisa se sucedeu na localidade afetada - Rua Servidão Manoel Luiz Duarte, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo pesquisa-ação a partir de um corte transversal. Utilizou-se a técnica fotografando ambientes, em sequência, a análise semiótica de imagens desenvolvida por Barthes e a Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS) para auxiliar na interpretação dos dados. RESULTADOS: Os signos apresentados nas imagens capturadas foram: 1) punhos erguidos fechados um símbolo comumente utilizado em campanhas na busca por direitos igualitários e resistência; 2) mensagens enfáticas utilizando termos como “réu”, “culpa” e “crime”, referindo-se a CASAN; 3) símbolos e personalidades políticas como forma de pressionar autoridades competentes e agilizar o processo de retorno às suas vidas. Entende-se que mesmo passado um ano do desastre, as pessoas atingidas ainda lutam e discutem com a CASAN em busca do ressarcimento integral e justo dos seus direitos. CONCLUSÃO: A comunidade ainda está se recuperando do desastre, passando por uma reconfiguração. Porém, diante dessa tragédia, a comunidade enquanto grupo se fortaleceu em decorrência dos movimentos sociais realizados pelo bem comum dos afetados. Portanto, em meio ao caos, formaram uma rede de apoio com um objetivo: recuperar (parte) do que lhes foi tirado.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Adopted by Recreational Runners Towards Core Stability Exercises in Preventing Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Purushothaman Vinosh Kumar , Ho Heng Kit Ivan , Subramaniam Ambusam , Subbarayalu Arun Vijay , Prabaharan Sivasankar , Marimuthu Palanivel Rubavathi , Hii Everlynn Yi Xuan , Chinnusamy Sivakumar , Kandasamy Mohanraj 
Published: June 2023

The current study intended to determine recreational runners' knowledge, attitude, and practices toward CSE to prevent LBP.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Two hundred fifty-seven recreational runners were chosen using a simple random sampling approach and administered with a semi-structured questionnaire to evaluate their KAP toward CSE. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS 28.0.
Results: The correct response to the knowledge-related items in the questionnaire was from 65% to 91%. Precisely, 91.4% of study participants understood CSE. Furthermore, most participants showed a positive attitude toward CSE, considering that it is essential for running (79%), improving fitness (76%), reducing the risk of injuries (71%), and boosting their appearance (54%). Most participants (>85%) performed CSE for recommended frequency and duration to strengthen their core muscles and prevent LBP. The recreational runners had good practice toward CSE.
Conclusion: Recreational runners possess adequate knowledge, a positive attitude, and good practice toward CSE. This study suggested that motivational strategies and awareness programs can be conducted to improve recreational runners' KAP toward CSE preventing LBP.
Influência da Agressividade Tributária na Probabilidade da Dificuldade Financeira das Empresas da B3
Authors: Batista da Silva Mirian Mara , Carvalho Junior Luiz Ernani , Nascimento Eduardo Mendes 
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: a presente pesquisa objetivou verificar se o nível de agressividade tributária altera a probabilidade de ocorrência dos eventos das dificuldades financeiras enfrentadas pelas organizações.
Método: visando atingir os objetivos deste estudo, foram extraídas informações financeiras pelo Economatica das empresas não financeiras listadas na B3 no período de 2010 a 2020. Esses dados foram utilizados para mensurar a dificuldade financeira (DF) quando o lucro antes dos juros e impostos, depreciação e amortização (EBITDA) é menor que as despesas financeiras e há queda no valor de mercado em dois períodos consecutivos e a agressividade fiscal, por meio da proxy ETR. Na presente pesquisa, a avaliação do aumento de probabilidade de haver dificuldade financeira pelas empresas que integram a amostra estudada foi obtida a partir da abordagem econométrica de regressão logística.
Resultados: detectou-se que a variável taxa de imposto efetiva (ETR) altera negativa e significativamente a probabilidade de ocorrência da situação de dificuldade financeira das empresas analisadas, sugerindo que quanto mais agressividade fiscal (baixos níveis de ETR) for a empresa, maior a probabilidade de ocorrência do evento de dificuldade financeira. Também constatou-se que as variáveis capital de giro líquido (CG) e giro do ativo (GIRO) alteraram negativamente a probabilidade de ocorrência do evento de dificuldade financeira, indicando que quanto maiores estes índices, menor a probabilidade de ocorrência da dificuldade financeira.
Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas/práticas: a pesquisa permite identificar indícios do efeito da agressividade fiscal sobre a dificuldade financeira corporativa o que constribui para prever eventuais riscos de insolvência ou até falência.