bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultivar and management effects on industrial hemp yields in Wisconsin
Authors: Ortmeier‐Clarke Haleigh J. , Laboski Carrie A. M. , Oliveira Maxwel C. , Arneson Nicholas J. , Conley Shawn P. , Werle Rodrigo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAfter decades of heavy regulation, growers across the United States were able to begin growing industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) again in 2014. The 2014 and 2018 Farm Bills made it legal for research and production to resume and removed hemp from the list of controlled substances. Because of the long prohibition of hemp production, many questions surrounding best management practices still exist. In 2019 and 2020, studies were conducted in Arlington and Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin to evaluate the effects of cultivar, seeding rate, and nitrogen rate on hemp yield. Two cultivars (X‐59 and CRS‐1), seeded at three seeding rates (22, 34, and 45 kg ha−1) and three nitrogen rates (0, 67, and 134 kg ha−1), were evaluated. At Arlington, nitrogen did not impact fiber yield; however, an interaction among cultivar, seeding rate, and nitrogen rate effected grain yield. At Chippewa Falls, fiber yield increased by 20% when nitrogen rate increased from 0 to 67 or 134 kg N. Similarly, grain yield increased by 52% when the nitrogen rate increased from 0 to 67 or 134 kg ha N. The effect of seeding rate alone was highly variable with no consistent pattern on response variables measured. Therefore, the overall effect of nitrogen rate was more consistent than the effect of seeding rate on response variables measured. Ultimately, management recommendations will be dependent on local conditions; however, hemp does respond to the addition of nitrogen fertilizer.
Internal control of brain networks via sparse feedback
Authors: Mitrai Ilias , Jones Victoria O. , Dewantoro Harman , Stamoulis Catherine , Daoutidis Prodromos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe human brain is a complex system whose function depends on interactions between neurons and their ensembles across scales of organization. These interactions are restricted by anatomical and energetic constraints, and facilitate information processing and integration in response to cognitive demands. In this work, we considered the brain as a closed loop dynamic system under sparse feedback control. This controller design considered simultaneously control performance and feedback (communication) cost. As proof of principle, we applied this framework to structural and functional brain networks. Under high feedback cost only a small number of highly connected network nodes were controlled, which suggests that a small subset of brain regions may play a central role in the control of neural circuits, through a trade‐off between performance and communication cost.
Further delineation of the CWC27‐associated spliceosomeopathy: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Yassin Shaden H. , Henderson Riley , Lenberg Jerica , Murillo Viridiana , Murdock David R. , Friedman Jennifer , Jones Marilyn C. , Wigby Kristen , Borooah Shyamanga 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPre‐mRNA splicing factors are crucial in regulating transcript diversity, by removing introns from eukaryotic transcripts, an essential step in gene expression. Splicing of pre‐mRNA is catalyzed by spliceosomes. CWC27 is a cyclophilin associated with spliceosome, in which genetic defects of its components have been linked to spliceosomopathies with clinical phenotypes including skeletal developmental defects, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), short stature, skeletal anomalies, and neurological disorders. We report two siblings (male and female) of Mexican descent with a novel homozygous frameshift variant in CWC27 and aim to highlight the cardinal features among the previously described 12 cases as well as expand the currently recognized phenotypic spectrum. Both siblings presented with a range of ocular and extraocular manifestations including novel features such as solitary kidney and tarsal coalition in the male sibling, together with gait abnormalities, and Hashimoto's thyroiditis in the female sibling. Finally, we highlight ectodermal involvement including sparse scalp hair, eyebrows and lashes, pigmentary differences, nail dysplasia, and dental anomalies as a core phenotype associated with the CWC27 spliceosomopathy.
Symmetric Swallowtail Beams in the Rectangle Frame
Authors: Wei Quanfeng , Jiang Junjie , Mo Zhenwu , Xu Danlin , Cai Xuezhen , Liang Zehong , Shi Jingyi , Huang Haoyu , Deng Dongmei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA new type of symmetric swallowtail beam (SSB) in the rectangle frame is introduced here. These kinds of beams are highly tunable with multiple manipulation parameters. The focal length and the focus intensity can be controlled precisely. The SSBs can guide the off‐axis vortex to their center. And the experimental results agree well with the numerical simulations. Besides, stable trapping of particles by utilizing the SSBs' auto‐focusing property and rectangle symmetry is also observed.
Optical Texture Super‐Lattices Produced by Talbot Effect at Superimposed Gratings
Authors: Darmaev Erdeny C. , Ikonnikov Denis A. , Myslivets Sergey A. , Vyunisheva Sofiya A. , Davletshin Nikolay N. , Baron Filipp A. , Arkhipkin Vasily G. , Vyunishev Andrey M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFresnel diffraction on periodic gratings results in a two‐dimensional periodic distribution of light intensity, also known as the Talbot effect. Here this approach is extended to the family of superimposed structures with translational symmetry, which consist of superposed spatial harmonics. The Talbot effect is demonstrated to be valid for superimposed gratings. The considered superimposed gratings provide a wide range of textures of optical super‐lattices. These texture super‐lattices represent a Talbot carpets with a complex motif, which can be varied by choosing structure parameters. These results provide a new functionality for structuring optical lattices and can find potential applications in a wide range of light–matter interactions.
Surface Engineering Stabilizes Rhombohedral Sodium Manganese Hexacyanoferrates for High‐Energy Na‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Xu Chunliu , Ma Yongzhi , Zhao Junmei , Zhang Peng , Chen Zhao , Yang Chao , Liu Huizhou , Hu Yong‐Sheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe rhombohedral sodium manganese hexacyanoferrate (MnHCF) only containing cheap Fe and Mn metals was regarded as a scalable, low‐cost, and high‐energy cathode material for Na‐ion batteries. However, the unexpected Jahn‐teller effect and significant phase transformation would cause Mn dissolution and anisotropic volume change, thus leading to capacity loss and structural instability. Here we report a simple room‐temperature route to construct a magical CoxB skin on the surface of MnHCF. Benefited from the complete coverage and the buffer effect of CoxB layer, the modified MnHCF cathode exhibits suppressed Mn dissolution and reduced intergranular cracks inside particles, thereby demonstrating thousands‐cycle level cycling lifespan. By comparing two key parameters in the real energy world, i.e., cost per kilowatt‐hours and cost per cycle‐life, our developed CoxB coated MnHCF cathode demonstrates more competitive application potential than the benchmarking LiFePO4for Li‐ion batteries.
Semiconductor SERS on Colourful Substrates with Fabry‐Pérot Cavities
Authors: Li Feifan , Mu Xinyang , Tang Xueqing , Song Ge , Sun Hongzhao , Zha Xiuling , Sun Peiyan , Fang Jianhui , Hu Dongmei , Cong Shan , Zhao Zhigang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNon‐metallic materials have emerged as a new family of active substrates for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), with unique advantages over their metal counterparts. However, owing to their inefficient interaction with the incident wavelength, the Raman enhancement achieved with non‐metallic materials is considerably lower with respect to the metallic ones. Herein, we propose colourful semiconductor‐based SERS substrates for the first time by utilizing a Fabry‐Pérot cavity, which realize a large freedom in manipulating light. Owing to the delicate adjustment of the absorption in terms of both frequency and intensity, resonant absorption can be achieved with a variety of non‐metal SERS substrates, with the sensitivity further enhanced by ≈100 times. As a typical example, by introducing a Fabry‐Pérot‐type substrate fabricated with SiO2/Si, a rather low detection limit of 10−16 M for the SARS‐CoV‐2S protein is achieved on SnS2. This study provides a realistic strategy for increasing SERS sensitivity when semiconductors are employed as SERS substrates.
Selective Ion Transport in Two‐Dimensional Lamellar Nanochannel Membranes
Authors: Wang Jin , Zhou Huijiao , Li Shangzhen , Wang Lei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrecise and ultrafast ion sieving is highly desirable for many applications in environment‐, energy‐, and resource‐related fields. The development of a permselective lamellar membrane constructed from parallel stacked two‐dimensional (2D) nanosheets opened a new avenue for the development of next‐generation separation technology because of the unprecedented diversity of the designable interior nanochannels. In this Review, we first discuss the construction of homo‐ and heterolaminar nanoarchitectures from the starting materials to the emerging preparation strategies. We then explore the property–performance relationships, with a particular emphasis on the effects of physical structural features, chemical properties, and external environment stimuli on ion transport behavior under nanoconfinement. We also present existing and potential applications of 2D membranes in desalination, ion recovery, and energy conversion. Finally, we discuss the challenges and outline research directions in this promising field.
Medium‐Ring Strategy Enables Multiple Resonance Emitters with Twisted Geometry and Fast Spin‐Flip to Suppress Efficiency Roll‐Off
Authors: Lei Bowen , Huang Zhenmei , Li Songtao , Liu Junjie , Bin Zhengyang , You Jingsong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSuppressing aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ) effect and reducing device efficiency roll‐off are both crucial yet challenging for multi‐resonance (MR) emitters. Herein, we put forward a medium‐ring strategy to design efficient MR emitters that feature heptagonal tribenzo[b,d,f]azepine (TBA) donors. The highly twisted conformation enlarges the intermolecular distances between the MR‐emitting cores, and thus suppresses ACQ effect. Meanwhile, the introduction of heptagonal donors enhances spin‐orbital coupling, so as to accelerate reverse intersystem crossing (RISC) process. This medium‐ring strategy gives rise to the first example of blue MR emitter that simultaneously possesses radiative decay rate as fast as 108 s−1 and RISC rate as fast as 106 s−1. Accordingly, DTBA‐B2N3 enables to assemble high‐performance blue organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with maximum external quantum efficiency (EQEmax) of 30.9 % and alleviated efficiency roll‐off (EQE1000: 20.5 %).
Discovering the Intrinsic Causes of Dendrite Formation in Zinc Metal Anodes: Lattice Defects and Residual Stress
Authors: Xie Chunlin , Liu Shengfang , Yang Zefang , Ji Huimin , Zhou Shuhan , Wu Hao , Hu Chao , Tang Yougen , Ji Xiaobo , Zhang Qi , Wang Haiyan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDeveloping a highly stable and dendrite‐free zinc anode is essential to the commercial application of zinc metal batteries. However, the understanding of zinc dendrites formation mechanism is still insufficient. Herein, for the first time, we discover that the interfacial heterogeneous deposition induced by lattice defects and epitaxial growth limited by residual stress are intrinsic and critical causes for zinc dendrite formation. Therefore, an annealing reconstruction strategy was proposed to eliminate lattice defects and stresses in zinc crystals, which achieve dense epitaxial electrodeposition of zinc anode. The as‐prepared annealed zinc anodes exhibit dendrite‐free morphology and enhanced electrochemical cycling stability. This work first proves that lattice defects and residual stresses are also very important factors for epitaxial electrodeposition of zinc in addition to crystal orientation, which can provide a new mechanism for future researches on zinc anode modification.
Synthesis of Supramolecular A8Bn Miktoarm Star Copolymers by Host‐Guest Complexation
Authors: Nitta Natsumi , Kihara Shin‐ichi , Haino Takeharu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report a new synthetic method to construct supramolecular A8Bn (n=1, 2, 4) miktoarm star copolymers by host‐guest complexation between a resorcinarene‐based coordination capsule possessing eight polystyrene chains and 4,4‐diacetoxybiphenyl guest molecules that retain one, two or four polymethyl acrylate chains. The formation of the supramolecular A8Bn (n=1, 2, 4) miktoarm star copolymers was confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), size‐exclusion chromatography (SEC), and diffusion‐ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements revealed that the miktoarm copolymers were phase‐separated in the bulk. The micro‐Brownian motion of the A8B4 structure was markedly enhanced in the bulk due to a weak segregation interaction between the immiscible arms.
Peroxodicarbonat als grünes Oxidationsmittel für den selektiven Abbau von Kraft‐Lignin zu Vanillin
Authors: Zirbes Michael , Graßl Tobias , Neuber Rieke , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLignin, die weltweit größte erneuerbare Ressource für Aromaten, mit jährlich etwa 50 Mio. Tonnen anfallendem technischen Lignin, hauptsächlich Kraft‐Lignin, ist bezüglich der Synthese von monoaromatischen Verbindungen deutlich unterentwickelt. Wir zeigen die oxidative Depolymerisierung von Kraft‐Lignin, bei 180 °C, zur Herstellung von Vanillin 1, in Ausbeuten von bis zu 6,2 Gew% und 92 % bezogen auf die maximale Ausbeute aus der Quantifizierungsreaktion mittels Nitrobenzol. Durch die Verwendung von Peroxodicarbonat (C2O62−) als “grünes” Oxidationsmittel, werden für den Ligninabbau toxische und/oder schädliche Reagenzien vermieden. Außerdem dient der entstehende Abfall als Make‐Up‐Chemikalie für den Zellstoffprozess. Na2C2O6 wurde in einer ex‐cell‐Elektrolyse von wässriger Na2CO3‐Lösung an BDD‐Anoden in einer Ausbeute von 41 % synthetisiert. Weiterhin wurden die Oxidation und der Abbau von Kraft‐Lignin mittels UV/Vis‐ und NMR‐Spektroskopie analysiert.
Origin and Regulation of Interface Fusion during Synthesis of Single‐Crystal Ni‐Rich Cathodes
Authors: Qiu Lang , Zhang Mengke , Song Yang , Wu Zhenguo , Zhang Heng , Hua Weibo , Sun Yan , Kong Qingquan , Feng Wei , Wang Ke , Xiao Yao , Guo Xiaodong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInterface fusion plays a key role in constructing Ni‐based single‐crystal cathodes, and is governed by the atomic migration related to kinetics. However, the interfacial atom migration path and its control factors are lack of clearly understanding. Herein, we systematically probe the solid‐state synthesis mechanism of single‐crystal LiNi0.92Co0.04Mn0.04O2, including the effects of precursor size, Li/transition metal (TM) ratio and sintering temperature on the structure. Multi‐dimensional analysis unravels that thermodynamics drives interface atoms migration through intermediate state (i.e., cation mixing phase) to induce grain boundary fusion. Moreover, we demonstrate that smaller precursor size (<6 μm), lager Li/TM ratio (>1.0) and higher temperature (≥810 °C) are conducive to promote the growth of the intermediate state due to reaction kinetics enhancement, and ultimately strengthen the atomic migration‐induced interface fusion.
Structural Determination and Chemical Synthesis of the N‐Glycan from the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis
Authors: Hirao Kohtaro , Speciale Immacolata , Notaro Anna , Manabe Yoshiyuki , Teramoto Yoshiaki , Sato Takaaki , Atomi Haruyuki , Molinaro Antonio , Ueda Yoshihiro , De Castro Cristina , Fukase Koichi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAsparagine‐linked protein glycosylations (N‐glycosylations) are one of the most abundant post‐translational modifications and are essential for various biological phenomena. Herein, we describe the isolation, structural determination, and chemical synthesis of the N‐glycan from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis. The N‐glycan from the organism possesses a unique structure including myo‐inositol, which has not been found in previously characterized N‐glycans. In this structure, myo‐inositol is highly glycosylated and linked with a disaccharide unit through a phosphodiester. The straightforward synthesis of this glycan was accomplished through diastereoselective phosphorylation and phosphodiester construction by SN2 coupling. Considering the early divergence of hyperthermophilic organisms in evolution, this study can be expected to open the door to approaching the primitive function of glycan modification at the molecular level.
In situ Observation of Porosity Formation in Porous Single‐crystalline TiO2 Monolith for Enhanced and Stable Catalytic CO Oxidation
Authors: Cheng Fangyuan , Zhang Jie , Xie Kui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroducing pores in single crystals creates a new type of porous materials that incorporate porosity and structural coherence. Herein, we use in situ transmission electron microscopy to disclose the porosity formation by converting KTiOPO4 (KTP) single crystals into porous single‐crystalline (PSC) TiO2 monoliths in a solid‐solid transformation. The isolated crystalline nuclei of TiO2 clusters with identical lattice orientation on KTP surface moves TiO2/KTP interface toward mother phase for growing PSC TiO2 monoliths. The relative density in PSC TiO2 monoliths dominates porosity while the macroscopic dimensions remain unchanged in the transformation. The single‐crystalline nature of porous architecture stabilizes oxygen vacancy to activate lattice oxygen while the three‐dimensional percolation enhances species diffusion. PSC TiO2 monoliths with deposited Pt clusters show enhanced and stable catalytic CO oxidation in air at ∼75 °C for 200 hours of operation.
The discourse of the Other in Martin McDonagh'sThe Pillowman
Authors: Kolahjooei Farzad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs a key term in Lacanian psychoanalysis, the concept of the Other regulates the subject's desire. While it is absent as a physical entity, it commands and shapes the individual's psyche via language unconsciously. This paper provides a close reading of Martin McDonagh'sThe Pillowmanto explore the ways everyone in the play is under the control of the discourse of the Other. To do so, this paper provides a theoretical structure based on Lacan's definition of the term and its relationship to language and signification to finally view its various manifestations in McDonagh's play.
Highly sensitive colorimetric aptasensor for 17β‐estradiol detection in milk based on the repetitive‐loop aptamer
Authors: Kongpreecha Pakawat , Chumpol Jiraporn , Siri Sineenat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTrace of 17β‐estradiol (E2) contamination in food has been a concern for its negative impacts on human health, leading to the need for an E2‐monitoring system. This work reported a new simple, sensitive, and colorimetric E2 detection based on the designed repetitive‐loop aptamer and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The designed aptamers (L2–L5) exhibited a higher binding capability to E2 than the original truncated aptamer (L1). Although L3–L5 aptamers exhibited the highest binding capability, only L3‐aptasensor demonstrated the sensitive detection of E2 in a range of 0.05−0.8 nM, with the limit of detection at 13.1 pM. The developed L3‐aptasensor was 7.7‐folds more sensitive for E2 detection than the L1‐aptasensor. It selectively detected E2, but not the other tested chemicals with similar structures: progesterone, genistein, diethylstilbestrol, bisphenol A, and chloramphenicol. The L3‐aptasensor efficiently detected E2 spiked in milk samples within the precision acceptance criterion of recovery rates (100.1%−113.0%) and the relative standard deviations (5.24%−11.06%). These results demonstrated the development of a new aptasensor based on the designed repetitive‐loop aptamer that could enhance E2‐detection sensitivity and be potentially used for detecting E2 in milk samples with high accuracy and reliability.
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles: Drug Delivery Vehicles for Antidiabetic Molecules
Authors: Sarkar Sanjib , Ekbal Kabir Mir , Kalita Jatin , Manna Prasenjit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are promising nanomaterials that are widely used in biomedical applications like drug delivery, diagnosis, bio‐sensing and cell tracking. MSNs have been investigated meticulously in the drug‐delivery field due to their unique chemical and pharmacokinetic properties, such as highly ordered mesopores, high surface area and pore volume, tuneable pore size, stability, surface functionalisation, and biocompatibility. MSN‐based nanocomposites have been used to deliver therapeutic molecules like insulin, GLP‐1, exenatide, DPP‐4 inhibitor and plasmid‐containing GLP‐1 genes for managing diabetes mellitus for the last decade. The functionalisation properties of MSNs make them substantially capable of the co‐delivery, controlled delivery and stimuli‐responsive delivery of antidiabetic drugs. This review focuses on the delivery of antidiabetic therapeutics with special emphasis on the functionalisation of MSNs and stimuli‐responsive delivery.
Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells: Heralding an effective treatment against esophageal cancer?
Authors: ArefNezhad Reza , Rezaei‐Tazangi Fatemeh , Roghani‐Shahraki Hossein , Goleij Pouya , Zare Nabi , Motedayyen Hossein , Aghazadeh Elaheh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEsophageal cancer (EC), as one of the leading causes of cancer‐associated mortality, influences a remarkable population of subjects globally and is histologically divided into two types, comprising esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Although several therapeutic approaches are present for EC, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery, these options have low success with serious side effects, for example, gastrointestinal toxicity, esophagitis, and pulmonary complications. Thus, utilizing an effective tool with low side effects is urgent. Newly, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have received special interest for treating diverse diseases, such as cancer. Among different sources of MSCs, human umbilical cord MSCs have notable benefits, and reports expressed that they may be effective in EC treatment. For this purpose, in this review study, we aimed to summarize evidence regarding the effects of human umbilical cord MSCs on EC with a mechanistic insight.