bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trachoma: an Underdiagnosed Disease Revealed by a Survey Carried Out at Jau, São Paulo
Authors: Schaal Luisa Fioravanti , Menghim Roberta Lilian Fernandes de Sousa , Ferraz Lucieni Cristina Barbarini , Padovani Carlos Roberto , Victoria Cassiano , Schellini Silvana Artioli 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Trachoma is a notifiable disease in the state of São Paulo – Brazil. However, in Jaú, a municipality located in this state, in the last 10 years there are no records of cases. This study purpose is to assess if there are cases of inflammatory trachoma in schoolchildren aged 1 to 9 years in the municipality of Jaú as well if it is possible to detect clusters areas of the disease to establish elimination programs.
Methods: An epidemiological study was performed in 2018, involving a stratified random sample of schoolchildren aged 1- to 9-year-old, from public day care centers and elementary schools in the municipality of Jaú. A trachoma screening following the criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the distribution of cases was assessed using geoprocessing.
Results: Four thousand-six hundred-nineteen children from 44 elementary schools were examined, and 126 children with active trachoma were detected, with a prevalence rate of 2.65%. The prevalence was higher (3.01%) in children aged 6- to 9-year-old compared to children aged 1-to 5-year-old (2.42%). There were clusters with a higher concentration of positive cases of the disease in three schools located in the neighborhoods with lower socioeconomic conditions.
Conclusion:Inflammatory trachoma still present in children aged 1- to 9-year-old in the city of Jaú, with a prevalence of 2.65%. The positive cases were located mainly in areas with low socioeconomic conditions. Health promotion with active search and periodical treatment must be planned to fight this important blinding cause, that persists in our municipality.
Deep learning-based classification model for GPR151 activator activity prediction
Authors: Xu Huangchao , Zhang Baohua , Liu Qian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: GPR151 is a kind of protein belonging to G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that is closely associated with a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The potential use of GPR151 as a therapeutic target for the management of metabolic disorders has been demonstrated in severalstudies, highlighting the demand to explore its activators further. Activity prediction serves as a vital preliminary step in drug discovery, which is both costly and time-consuming. Thus, the development of reliable activity classification model has become an essential way in the process of drug discovery, aiming to enhance the efficiency of virtual screening.
Results: We propose a learning-based method based on feature extractor and deep neural network to predict the activity of GPR151 activators. We first introduce a new molecular feature extraction algorithm which utilizes abag-of-words model in natural language processing to densify the sparse fingerprint vector. Mol2vec method is also used to extract diverse features. Then, we construct three types of deep learning model to enhance the representational capacity of molecules and predicted activity label by five different classifiers. Our method is evaluated on the GPR151 activator dataset built in this paper. The results demonstrate high classification accuracy and stability, with the optimal model Mol2vec-CNN significantly improving performance across multiple classifiers. The svm classifier achieves the best accuracy of 0.92 and F1 score of 0.76 which indicates promising applications for our method in the field of activity prediction.
Conclusion: All the experimental results show that the performance of feature extraction algorithm is better than that of the traditional classifiers and the proposed method is appropriately designed.
Influence of Electric Potential-Induced by Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Cell Response
Authors: Okumura Takamasa , Chang Chia-Hsing , Koga Kazunori , Shiratani Masaharu , Sato Takehiko 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Plasma irradiation leads not only active species, but also reactive chemical species, ultraviolet light, electric fields, magnetic fields, and shock waves. To date the effects of reactive chemical species have been mainly discussed. To understand the biological effect caused by an electric potential induced with an atmospheric-pressure plasma, the behavior of cell stimulated by electric potential was investigated using HeLa cell. The cell concentration assay revealed that less than 20% of cells inactivated by potential stimulation and the remained cells proliferate afterward. Fluorescent microscopic observation revealed that potential stimulation is appreciable to transport the molecules through membrane. These results show that potential stimulation induces intracellular and extracellular molecular transport, while the stimulation has a low lethal effect. A possible mechanism for this molecular transport by potential stimulation was also shown using numerical simulation based on an equivalent circuit of the experimental system including adhered HeLa cell. The potential formation caused by plasma generation is decisive in the contribution of plasma science to molecular biology and the elucidation of the mechanism underlying a biological response induction by plasma irradiation.
Long-term climate change impacts on regional Sea Level Statistics analyzed from the MPI-ESM Large Ensemble Simulation
Authors: Nandini-Weiss Sri , Ojha Sayanthani , Köhl Armin , Jungclaus Johann , Stammer Detlef 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Statistics of regional sea level variability are analyzed in terms of probability density functions of a 100-member ensemble of monthly mean sea surface height (SSH) timeseries simulated during the low-resolution Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble (MPI-GE) experiment for historical and climate change conditions. To analyze the impact of climate change on sea level statistics, fields of SSH variability, skewness and excess kurtosis representing the historical period 1986–2005 are compared with similar fields from projections for the period 2081–2100 obtained under moderate (RCP4.5) and strong (RCP8.5) climate forcing conditions. Overall, larger deviations from Gaussian SSH statistics are limited to the western and eastern tropical Pacific. Under future climate warming conditions, SSH variability of the western tropical Pacific tends to become more Gaussian in agreement with weaker zonal easterly wind stress pulses, suggesting a reduced El Niño Southern Oscillation activity in the western warm pool region. Otherwise SSH variability changes show a complex amplitude pattern with some regions becoming less variable, e.g., off the eastern coast of the north American continent, while other regions become more variable, notably the Southern Ocean. A west (decrease)-east (increase) gradient in variability changes across the subtropical Atlantic under RCP8.5 forcing is related to changes in the gyre circulation and a declining Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in response to external forcing changes. We diagnosed regional changes of the 99th percentiles as well as global mean that increase by 16cm for RCP4.5 and by 24cm for RCP8.5, respectively, suggesting increased high-end sea level extremes for warmer climate conditions.
Dynamics of urbanisation and its impact on Land cover and Land use changes in Kolkata, India (1971 to 2011)
Authors: GUPTA DEVARUPA , Bhagat Ram Babu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Urbanisation in India has taken place at a slower pace compared to other countries. Though it has important demographic, economic, developmental, and social implications yet, unplanned, unsystematic and rapid urbanisation negatively affects the environment. This study attempted to understand the spatio-temporal dynamics of urban population change and associated impact on land cover and land use patterns in the city of Kolkata. Using secondary data sources (Census of India dataset and Landsat imageries) and information from primary interviews, this article discussed the effect of unprecedented urbanisation (1971 to 2011) and space delineation. Results showed an extensive stretch of built-up area throughout the city; from the north, towards the south, east and western sides of Kolkata. This structural change occurred at the cost of loss of green space, croplands, and wetlands, creating a fragmented morphology. City limits expanded till 1991. Over the decades rapid expansion of built-up area was prominent towards the southern and south-eastern portions along with increase in population density within the inner city. The population growth trended downwards recently, eventually becoming negative in 2011. Low fertility rate, out-migration of young skilled personals and an extremely large floating population can be attributed to this phenomenon. However, the expansion of built-up area in Kolkata was divergent to these dynamics. The city landscape was majorly concretised. The foremost concern at this hour is that most of the development remains unbalanced. It reflects on the crucial problems associated with unplanned city growth on the loss of green space, productive cropland, wastelands, and wetlands.
An Experimental Study on Enhancing Recycled Aggregate Concrete Properties Through Silica Fume Incorporation
Authors: Nazir Shakir , Mahajan Akshat , Jaggi Sahil 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Construction and demolition waste and shortage of natural resources is growing issue that has been arisen through recent years all over the world. Although concrete, the most adaptable construction material, is a key factor in the expansion of the industrial and infrastructural sectors, it has been argued that concrete is not an environmentally friendly material because of its destructive resource-consumption nature and the potential for serious environmental impact after its use. However, it will continue to be the dominant building material utilised on a global scale. The present study aimed to assess the concrete properties with the effect of silica fume and recycled aggregates with the design mix of M30 grade of concrete. The study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing natural coarse aggregates with various percentages of recycled concrete aggregates (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) and using silica fume (2.5% and 5%) as a substitute for cement in the production of concrete. To achieve this, different concrete mixes were prepared and tested for their compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength, while also conducting a rapid chloride permeability test to determine the chloride ion penetration. The results showed that using recycled aggregates up to 20% can optimize compressive and tensile strength, while flexural strength can be optimized up to 30%. The use of recycled aggregates in concrete production can help reducing the consumption of natural resources and incorporating silica fume as a cement alternative can help reduce the environmental impact of cement production upto5%.
Study on arc characteristics and weld appearance of Laser-twin-arc-GTAW hybrid welding
Authors: Wang Bo , Ge Fuchen , Zhang hongtao , Sang Jian , Fan Yanlong , Du Rongmao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Laser twin-arc GTAW (LTA-GTAW) process has been developed by using the synergic interaction effects of laser and a coupled arc in a weld pool in order to achieve higher energy efficiency. In this study, bead-on-plate welding was conducted on 8-mm-think Q235b workpieces to investigate the variation of hybrid arc profile, Influence of mixed arc profile on weld forming arc, arc pressure distribution during LTA-GTAW process. The influence of Laser-GTAW and LTA-GTAW methods on weld surface appearance, heat input per unit length and weld metal microstructure were also demonstrated systematically. The LTA-GTAW can make the distribution of arc pressure and arc energy more reasonable in welding depth and width. Compared with Laser-GTAW, LTA-GTAW processes has smaller heat input per unit length, significantly finer weld microstructure and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the weld are better when the same penetration depth is achieved.
Green preparation of low-crystalline CoMoO 4 ·0.9H 2 O/carbon composite for energy storage applications using a mechanochemical method
Authors: Liu Liangyu , Liu Peng , Zhou Yong , Yang Bin , Li Bing , Liu Xiaoyang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Metal oxide/carbon composites have attracted considerable attention owing to their high charge storage capacity and excellent cycling stability. In this work, hierarchical porous carbon loaded with low-crystalline CoMoO4·0.9H2O (CMOC) was prepared via a solvent-free mechanochemical method. Due to the low-crystalline CoMoO4·0.9H2O, the porous structure, and the superior conductivity of carbon, CMOC exhibited good charge storage capacity (340 F g-1) and excellent cycling stability (~85% of capacitance retention for 10,000 cycles). Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor device (CMOC//AC ASC) was assembled using CMOC as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode, thus achieving a high-energy density of 23.1 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 798.1 W kg-1. The mechanochemical method used in the study is simple, cost-effective, and generalizable. This study will provide valuable information for the large-scale preparation of metal oxide/carbon composites as electrode materials for supercapacitors.
Knowledge Assessment on Cleft Lip and Palate among Recently Qualified Dentists: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Agha Bahn , Helal Narmin Mohammed Saeed , Al-Khafaji Thaer Jaber , Farie Ghada Abdullah , Basri Osama , Fleming Padhraig S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background.The current study aimed to develop a validated questionnaire for cleft lip and palate (CLP) knowledge assessment and to assess the knowledge of cleft lip and palate among a group of recently qualified dentists.
Materials and methods. A Multiple-site, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted. A questionnaire was developed and validated with internal consistency assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and factor analysis performed. The 15-item questionnaire was distributed to 156 dental interns with a response rate of 67%.
Results.The overall proportion of correct responses was moderate (73%). The best results were found in relation to CLP treatment including the effect of unfavorable surgical outcomes on speech (89.5%) and the impact of CLP on the occlusion (87.6%). The lowest rate of correct responses (26.7%) was identified in relation to the association between CLP and smoking.
Conclusion.A validated CLP questionnaire was developed permitting evaluation of the knowledge of cleft lip and palate and its management among dental students. Given that general dentists are often the gatekeeper for the management of patients with cleft lip and palate, this can be used to inform the curriculum and teaching of cleft lip and palate both nationally and internationally.
Prediction Models for Successful External Cephalic Version: An Updated Systematic Review
Authors: Yerrabelli Rahul Sai , Lee Claire , Palsgaard Peggy K. , Lauinger Alexa R. , Abdelsalam Omer , Jennings Valerie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

PURPOSE: To review the decision aids currently available or being developed to predict a patient’s odds that their external cephalic version (ECV) will be successful.
METHODS: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, and ClinicalTrials.gov from 2015-2022. Articles from a pre-2015 systematic review were also included. We selected English-language articles describing or evaluating models (prediction rules) designed to predict an outcome of ECV for an individual patient. Acceptable model outcomes included cephalic presentation after the ECV attempt and whether the ECV ultimately resulted in a vaginal delivery. Two authors independently performed article selection following PRISMA 2020 guidelines.
Since 2015, 380 unique records underwent title and abstract screening, and 49 reports underwent full-text review. Ultimately, 17 new articles and 8 from the prior review were included. Of the 25 articles, 22 proposed 1-2 models each for a total of 25 models, while the remaining 3 articles validated prior models without proposing new ones.
RESULTS: Of the 17 new articles, 10 were low, 6 moderate, and 1 high risk of bias. Almost all articles were from Europe (11/25) or Asia (10/25); only one study in the last 20 years was from the USA.
The models found had diverse presentations including score charts, decision trees (flowcharts), and equations. The majority (13/25) had no form of validation and only 5/25 reached external validation. Only the Newman-Peacock model (USA, 1993) was repeatedly externally validated (Pakistan, 2012 and Portugal, 2018).
Most models (14/25) were published in the last 5 years. In general, newer models were designed more robustly, used larger sample sizes, and were more mathematically rigorous. Thus, although they await further validation, there is great potential for these models to be more predictive than the Newman-Peacock model.
CONCLUSION: Only the Newman-Peacock model is ready for regular clinical use. Many newer models are promising but require further validation.
The Effect of Adjuvants on the Effectiveness of Some ACCase and ALS Inhibitors in Controlling Winter Wild Oat (Avena ludoviciana)
Authors: Ghafouri Alireza , Alimoradi Leila , Baghestani MohammadAli , Mohasel Mohhmad Hasan Rashed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The current study was conducted in 2020 to evaluate the effect of five adjuvants on increasing the efficiency of doses of various common herbicides in a wheat field in Iran to control wild oats. mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron. The experiment was carried out at the research greenhouses of the weed research department of the Iranian Plant Protection Research Institute. The experimental factors were included: 1) herbicide treatment at five levels (various doses of herbicides including Clodinafop-Propargyl (TopiK EC 8% and EC 24%), mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron (Atlantis OD 1.2% and WG 3.6%) and Pinoxaden (Axial EC 5%), 2) various adjuvants at five levels including Ino Alg NPK (containing 20% seaweed extract at a rate of four liters per hectare), Ino Alg NPK (NG) fertilizer containing 20% seaweed extract and 10% free amino acids with 2 liters per hectare, Torpedo II adjuvant with a dose of 0.1 liters per hectare, Doctil adjuvant with a dose of 0.04 liters per hectare, and the amino acid leucine (3% production produced by Sigma Aldrich, USA) and 3) winter wild oat populations (susceptible and resistant). In this study, the effect of the above adjuvants on increasing the effectiveness of the above herbicides was repeated to control winter wild oats (Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana (Durieu) Gillet & Magne). The study was done by a randomized design with a factorial experiment and four replications. Treatments were performed in 3-4 leaf stage of winter wild oats. The Fresh weight, dry weight, and survival percentage of the populations was measured twenty-eight days after application of the treatmentsfresh. The results of the experiment showed that the use among all herbicides, the recommended doses of herbicides along with Ino Alg NPK (NG) adjuvant showed the most significant effect in reducing the dry weight of wild oats.
Correlation of balance posturographic parameters during quiet standing with the Berg Balance Scale in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Bao Wei , Tan Yuyan , Yang Ying , Chen Kai , Liu Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is often clinically associated with posture instability and more easily falling. The Berg balance scale (BBS), as an important clinical indicator, is commonly used to subjectively evaluate a patient’s balance ability. Meanwhile, computerized force platforms have been used in research on postural control. The various parameters from obtained posturography are interpreted to assess balance ability. The present study aimed to explore the correlations between posturographic variables and the BBS, and furthermore to efficiently evaluate posturalinstability and fall risk of early and moderate PD patients.
Methods:A total of 46 PD patients were involved in the experiment. Patients were asked to perform BBS tests and force platform tests under eye open (EO) and eye closed (EC) conditions. The recorded COP signal was analyzed with the time domain statistical method, the frequency domain method of Power Spectral Density (PSD), and structural methods of Stabilogram Diffusion Analysis (SDA), Sway Density Plot (SDP) to retrieve different posturographic variables. The correlation between posturographic variables under EO and EC conditions with BBS was compared statistically. The significantly correlated posturographic parameters were then applied to analyze posturographic differences between different groups: faller vs. non-faller (patients with/without a history of falls in the past 12 months).
Results: Among the different posturographic parameters, the prediction ellipse area, the slope of the regression line at a high-frequency band of PSD in the medial-lateral (ML) direction, the crossover point of the regression lines of SDA in the anterior-posterior (AP) direction, and the distance between successive peaks of SDP had significant correlations with BBS. These selected BBS-related parameters also show significant differences between faller and non-faller. The selected posturographic parameters can be used as effective indicators to evaluate the balance ability of Parkinson’s disease patients.