bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular identification of hymenopteran parasitoids and their endosymbionts from agromyzids
Authors: Xu Xuefen , Hoffmann Ary A. , Umina Paul A. , Ward Samantha E. , Coquilleau Marianne P. , Malipatil Mallik B. , Ridland Peter M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThree polyphagous pestLiriomyzaspp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) have recently invaded Australia and are damaging horticultural crops. Parasitic wasps are recognized as effective natural enemies of leafmining species globally and are expected to become important biocontrol agents in Australia. However, the hymenopteran parasitoid complex of agromyzids in Australia is poorly known and its use hindered due to taxonomic challenges when based on morphological characters. Here, we identified 14 parasitoid species of leafminers based on molecular and morphological data. We linked DNA barcodes (5′ endcytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI) sequences) to five adventive eulophid wasp species (Chrysocharis pubicornis(Zetterstedt),Diglyphus isaea(Walker),Hemiptarsenus varicornis(Girault),Neochrysocharis formosa(Westwood), andNeochrysocharis okazakiiKamijo) and two braconid species (Dacnusa areolaris(Nees) andOpius cinerariaeFischer). We also provide the first DNA barcodes (5′ end COI sequences) with linked morphological characters for seven wasp species, with three identified to species level (Closterocerus mirabilisEdwards & La Salle,Trigonogastrella parasitica(Girault), andZagrammosoma latilineatumUbaidillah) and four identified to genus (Aprostocetussp.,Asecodessp.,Opiussp. 1, andOpiussp. 2). Phylogenetic analyses suggestC. pubicornis,D. isaea,H. varicornis,andO. cinerariaeare likely cryptic species complexes.Neochrysocharis formosaandAprostocetussp. specimens were infected withRickettsia. Five other species (Cl. mirabilis,D. isaea, H. varicornis, Opiussp. 1, andOpiussp. 2) were infected withWolbachia, while two endosymbionts (RickettsiaandWolbachia) co-infectedN. okazakii.These findings provide background information about the parasitoid fauna expected to help control the leafminers.
Toll-interacting protein participates in immunity and development of the lepidopteran insect Antheraea pernyi
Authors: Chen Zhe , Zhang Awei , Xu Xuan , Ding Lu , Zhang Xiaojiao , Qian Cen , Zhu Baojian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractToll-interacting protein (Tollip) participates in multiple biological processes. However, the biological functions of Tollip proteins in insects remain to be further explored. Here, the genomic sequence of tollip gene from Antheraea pernyi (named Ap-Tollip) was identified with a length of 15,060 bp, including eight exons and seven introns. The predicted Ap-Tollip protein contained conserved C2 and CUE domains and was highly homologous to those tollips from invertebrates. Ap-Tollip was highly expressed in fat body compared with other determined tissues. As far as the developmental stages were concerned, the highest expression level was found at the 14th day in eggs or the 3rd day of the 1st instar. Ap-Tollip was also obviously regulated by lipopolysaccharide, polycytidylic acid or 20E in different tissues. In addition, the interaction between Ap-Tollip and ubiquitin was confirmed by western blotting and pull-down assay. RNAi of Ap-Tollip significantly affected the expression levels of apoptosis and autophagy-related genes. These results indicated that Ap-Tollip was involved in immunity and development of A. pernyi.
Photographic evidence suggests habitat overlap and co-occurrence of tigers and snow leopards in Jigme Dorji National Park, Bhutan
Authors: Dendup Pema , Lham Choki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Endangered tiger Panthera tigris and Vulnerable snow leopard Panthera uncia are umbrella species and conservation priorities. Jigme Dorji National Park is an important protected area for the conservation of both species because it serves as a source site for tigers to adjacent areas and has the largest snow leopard population in Bhutan. Habitat overlap of tigers and snow leopards in Bhutan has been previously reported based on evidence of tigers (pugmarks, livestock killed and camera-trap images) in known snow leopard habitat above 4,000 m altitude. Here we report the first photographic evidence of both tigers and snow leopards at the same locations, confirming habitat overlap and co-occurrence of the two species. The data are derived from the countrywide tiger survey carried out during October 2021–January 2022. Fifty-six pairs of camera traps were installed in a 5 × 5 km grid at an altitude range of 1,200–4,300 m. After a survey effort of 1,528 trap-nights, 478 tiger images and 31 snow leopard images were captured at 12 and three camera stations, respectively. At all three camera stations that captured snow leopard images, tigers were also captured. These findings indicate the habitat overlap and co-occurrence of tigers and snow leopards in Jigme Dorji National Park. Further research is required to inform conservation practice in the National Park focusing on these apex predators.
The congruency effect in L2 collocational processing: The underlying mechanism and moderating factors
Authors: Chen Yingzhao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe congruency effect—that is, faster and more accurate processing of congruent multiword units, has been demonstrated in multiple studies. It is still unclear, however, what its underlying mechanism is, and how congruency may interact with other factors. Using an acceptability judgement task, this study examined the congruency effect in immersive (Experiment 1) and nonimmersive (Experiment 2) L2 learners’ collocational processing while taking into account L2 collocation frequency, immersive learners’ L2 use, their length and starting age of immersion, nonimmersive learners’ length of instruction, and their L2 proficiency. The study also tested whether L1 counterparts of words in L2 collocations were activated. Nonmmersive learners showed a congruency effect in both processing speed and accuracy. In contrast, immersive learners were affected by congruency only in processing accuracy. Higher L2 collocation frequency, greater length of instruction, and higher L2 proficiency did not reduce the congruency effect, whereas longer duration of immersion improved the processing of incongruent items. An effect of L1 lexical frequency was found, an indication of L1 activation. Results were discussed in light of how L2 proficiency and experiences changed the amount of L1 influence in L2 collocational processing.
Literature review on maritime cybersecurity: state-of-the-art
Authors: Yu Hongchu , Meng Qiang , Fang Zhixiang , Liu Jingxian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaritime cybersecurity has attracted increasing attention in industrial and academic scope, which may be relevant to the increasing cyber-incidents in the maritime shipping industry. This paper presents a critical review of publications related to cybersecurity in the maritime transportation industry, to explore the current research status and gaps, as wells as to guide new probe avenues by employing bibliometric approaches. With the advantage of bibliometric methods, the research focus and evolution are conformed and visualised. Representative papers are reviewed together to demonstrate maritime cyber-threats recognition and categories, as well as potential consequence assessment and risk mitigation actions recommendation. This paper also created a detailed database that is comprised of attack form, occurring time, targets, purpose, as well as potential results and cost, which has been included in the Appendix and is fully portable and extendible.
Beyond rhetoric: Interrogating the Eurocentric critique of international criminal law’s selectivity in the wake of the 2022 Ukraine invasion
Authors: Labuda Patryk I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRussia’s full-blown invasion of Ukraine has reinvigorated the debate over international criminal law’s selectivity. While many have welcomed the renewed interest in accountability for international crimes in the wake of the ‘Ukraine moment’, others have emphasized double standards in the enforcement of international criminal law, including a lack of accountability for Western violations and disproportionate attention to European victims. This article interrogates the master narratives about international criminal law’s post-Ukraine selectivity and complicates accusations of bias by emphasizing Ukraine’s liminal status in the global order and the cross-border nature of aggression as an explanatory factor for differentiated responses from states. It suggests that concerns about an invidious ‘Ukraine effect’ on international criminal law enforcement are less persuasive after the International Criminal Court’s decade-long conflict with the African Union, and that a decentring of investigations to Eurasia should be construed not only as a moment of soul-searching but also as a welcome opportunity to rebalance the scales of justice. The article encourages international criminal law stakeholders to move beyond critique that unwittingly essentializes Eurocentric assumptions and to devise a more compelling vision of global criminal law enforcement that challenges crimes and inequalities both between and within states.
Seed dormancy diversity of the mangrove plant community in Sri Lanka to assist in direct seeding and seedling transplanting restoration
Authors: Wijayasinghe Malaka M. , Jayasuriya K.M.G. Gehan , Gunatilleke C.V.S. , Gunatilleke I.A.U.N. , Walck Jeffrey L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMangroves are one of the most important ecosystems in the world being found in the tropical–subtropical belt. Despite their significance, they have been highly disturbed due to many anthropogenic and natural causes. A significant effort has been made to restore mangroves around the world. However, a lack of information on the seed biology of mangrove species has impeded restoration. Thus, this study aimed to produce a seed dormancy profile for selected plant species of mangroves in Sri Lanka. This profile would allow restoration ecologists to better understand what kinds of dormancy are present, how to alleviate dormancy and how to best stimulate germination to generate seedlings for nursery stock or out-planting. Mature fruits/seeds were collected from coastal zone mangroves in Sri Lanka. Germination and imbibition of non-scarified and manually scarified seeds and embryo:seed length (E:S) ratio of fresh and radicle-emerged seeds were evaluated to assess the class of dormancy. Of the 30 species, seeds from 12 (40%) were non-dormant and 18 (60%) were dormant. Three dormancy classes [physiological (PD), physical (PY) and morphophysiological (MPD)] and presence of epicotyl dormancy were identified. Among species producing dormant seeds, most of them showed PD (44%). PY, MPD and presence of epicotyl dormancy were represented by 28, 17 and 11% of the species, respectively. These findings aid practitioners to craft strategies to effectively break dormancy and germinate seeds for conservation and restoration activities of mangroves.
Evolution of focused streams for viscoelastic flow in spiral microchannels
Authors: Gao Hua , Zhou Jian , Naderi Mohammad Moein , Peng Zhangli , Papautsky Ian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractParticle migration dynamics in viscoelastic fluids in spiral channels have attracted interest in recent years due to potential applications in the 3D focusing and label-free sorting of particles and cells. Despite a number of recent studies, the underlying mechanism of Dean-coupled elasto-inertial migration in spiral microchannels is not fully understood. In this work, for the first time, we experimentally demonstrate the evolution of particle focusing behavior along a channel downstream length at a high blockage ratio. We found that flow rate, device curvature, and medium viscosity play important roles in particle lateral migration. Our results illustrate the full focusing pattern along the downstream channel length, with side-view imaging yielding observations on the vertical migration of focused streams. Ultimately, we anticipate that these results will offer a useful guide for elasto-inertial microfluidics device design to improve the efficiency of 3D focusing in cell sorting and cytometry applications.
Psychiatric polygenic risk as a predictor of COVID-19 risk and severity: insight into the genetic overlap between schizophrenia and COVID-19
Authors: Alemany-Navarro M. , Diz-de Almeida S. , Cruz R. , Riancho J. A. , Rojas-Martínez A. , Lapunzina P. , Flores C. ,   Scourge Cohort Group, Carracedo A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite the high contagion and mortality rates that have accompanied the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, the clinical presentation of the syndrome varies greatly from one individual to another. Potential host factors that accompany greater risk from COVID-19 have been sought and schizophrenia (SCZ) patients seem to present more severe COVID-19 than control counterparts, with certain gene expression similarities between psychiatric and COVID-19 patients reported. We used summary statistics from the last SCZ, bipolar disorder (BD), and depression (DEP) meta-analyses available on the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium webpage to calculate polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for a target sample of 11,977 COVID-19 cases and 5943 subjects with unknown COVID-19 status. Linkage disequilibrium score (LDSC) regression analysis was performed when positive associations were obtained from the PRS analysis. The SCZ PRS was a significant predictor in the case/control, symptomatic/asymptomatic, and hospitalization/no hospitalization analyses in the total and female samples; and of symptomatic/asymptomatic status in men. No significant associations were found for the BD or DEP PRS or in the LDSC regression analysis. SNP-based genetic risk for SCZ, but not for BD or DEP, may be associated with higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity, especially among women; however, predictive accuracy barely exceeded chance level. We believe that the inclusion of sexual loci and rare variations in the analysis of genomic overlap between SCZ and COVID-19 will help to elucidate the genetic commonalities between these conditions.
Biomarkers of central and peripheral inflammation mediate the association between HIV and depressive symptoms
Authors: Mudra Rakshasa-Loots Arish , Bakewell Nicholas , Sharp David J. , Gisslén Magnus , Zetterberg Henrik , Alagaratnam Jasmini , Wit Ferdinand W. N. M. , Kootstra Neeltje A. , Winston Alan , Reiss Peter , Sabin Caroline A. , Vera Jaime H. ,   on behalf of the COmorBidity in Relation to AIDS (COBRA) cohort
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeople living with HIV are at increased risk for depression, though the underlying mechanisms for this are unclear. In the general population, depression is associated with peripheral and central inflammation. Given this, and since HIV infection elicits inflammation, we hypothesised that peripheral and central inflammatory biomarkers would at least partly mediate the association between HIV and depressive symptoms. People living with HIV (n = 125) and without HIV (n = 79) from the COmorBidity in Relation to AIDS (COBRA) cohort were included in this study. Participants living with and without HIV had similar baseline characteristics. All participants living with HIV were on antiretroviral therapy and were virally suppressed. Plasma, CSF, and brain MR spectroscopy (MRS) biomarkers were measured. Using logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors, we found that participants with HIV were more likely to have Any Depressive Symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] score >4) (odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 3.27 [1.46, 8.09]). We then sequentially adjusted the models for each biomarker separately to determine the mediating role of each biomarker, with a >10% reduction in OR considered as evidence of potential mediation. Of the biomarkers analysed, MIG (−15.0%) and TNF-α (−11.4%) in plasma and MIP1-α (−21.0%) and IL-6 (−18.0%) in CSF mediated the association between HIV and depressive symptoms in this sample. None of the other soluble or neuroimaging biomarkers substantially mediated this association. Our findings suggest that certain biomarkers of central and peripheral inflammation may at least partly mediate the relationship between HIV and depressive symptoms.
LRFN5 and OLFM4 as novel potential biomarkers for major depressive disorder: a pilot study
Authors: Xu Ke , Zheng Peng , Zhao Shuang , Wang Jiubing , Feng Jinzhou , Ren Yi , Zhong Qi , Zhang Hanping , Chen Xiangyu , Chen Jianjun , Xie Peng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEvidences have shown that both LRFN5 and OLFM4 can regulate neural development and synaptic function. Recent genome-wide association studies on major depressive disorder (MDD) have implicated LRFN5 and OLFM4, but their expressions and roles in MDD are still completely unclear. Here, we examined serum concentrations of LRFN5 and OLFM4 in 99 drug-naive MDD patients, 90 drug-treatment MDD patients, and 81 healthy controls (HCs) using ELISA methods. The results showed that both LRFN5 and OLFM4 levels were considerably higher in MDD patients compared to HCs, and were significantly lower in drug-treatment MDD patients than in drug-naive MDD patients. However, there were no significant differences between MDD patients who received a single antidepressant and a combination of antidepressants. Pearson correlation analysis showed that they were associated with the clinical data, including Hamilton Depression Scale score, age, duration of illness, fasting blood glucose, serum lipids, and hepatic, renal, or thyroid function. Moreover, these two molecules both yielded fairly excellent diagnostic performance in diagnosing MDD. In addition, a combination of LRFN5 and OLFM4 demonstrated a better diagnostic effectiveness, with an area under curve of 0.974 in the training set and 0.975 in the testing set. Taken together, our data suggest that LRFN5 and OLFM4 may be implicated in the pathophysiology of MDD and the combination of LRFN5 and OLFM4 may offer a diagnostic biomarker panel for MDD.
A live-cell image-based machine learning strategy for reducing variability in PSC differentiation systems
Authors: Yang Xiaochun , Chen Daichao , Sun Qiushi , Wang Yao , Xia Yu , Yang Jinyu , Lin Chang , Dang Xin , Cen Zimu , Liang Dongdong , Wei Rong , Xu Ze , Xi Guangyin , Xue Gang , Ye Can , Wang Li-Peng , Zou Peng , Wang Shi-Qiang , Rivera-Fuentes Pablo , Püntener Salome , Chen Zhixing , Liu Yi , Zhang Jue , Zhao Yang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into diverse functional cell types provides a promising solution to support drug discovery, disease modeling, and regenerative medicine. However, functional cell differentiation is currently limited by the substantial line-to-line and batch-to-batch variabilities, which severely impede the progress of scientific research and the manufacturing of cell products. For instance, PSC-to-cardiomyocyte (CM) differentiation is vulnerable to inappropriate doses of CHIR99021 (CHIR) that are applied in the initial stage of mesoderm differentiation. Here, by harnessing live-cell bright-field imaging and machine learning (ML), we realize real-time cell recognition in the entire differentiation process, e.g., CMs, cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs), PSC clones, and even misdifferentiated cells. This enables non-invasive prediction of differentiation efficiency, purification of ML-recognized CMs and CPCs for reducing cell contamination, early assessment of the CHIR dose for correcting the misdifferentiation trajectory, and evaluation of initial PSC colonies for controlling the start point of differentiation, all of which provide a more invulnerable differentiation method with resistance to variability. Moreover, with the established ML models as a readout for the chemical screen, we identify a CDK8 inhibitor that can further improve the cell resistance to the overdose of CHIR. Together, this study indicates that artificial intelligence is able to guide and iteratively optimize PSC differentiation to achieve consistently high efficiency across cell lines and batches, providing a better understanding and rational modulation of the differentiation process for functional cell manufacturing in biomedical applications.
Assessment of the technological viability of photoelectrochemical devices for oxygen and fuel production on Moon and Mars
Authors: Ross Byron , Haussener Sophia , Brinkert Katharina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHuman deep space exploration is presented with multiple challenges, such as the reliable, efficient and sustainable operation of life support systems. The production and recycling of oxygen, carbon dioxide (CO2) and fuels are hereby key, as a resource resupply will not be possible. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices are investigated for the light-assisted production of hydrogen and carbon-based fuels from CO2 within the green energy transition on Earth. Their monolithic design and the sole reliance on solar energy makes them attractive for applications in space. Here, we establish the framework to evaluate PEC device performances on Moon and Mars. We present a refined Martian solar irradiance spectrum and establish the thermodynamic and realistic efficiency limits of solar-driven lunar water-splitting and Martian carbon dioxide reduction (CO2R) devices. Finally, we discuss the technological viability of PEC devices in space by assessing the performance combined with solar concentrator devices and explore their fabrication via in-situ resource utilization.
Durable contraception in the female domestic cat using viral-vectored delivery of a feline anti-Müllerian hormone transgene
Authors: Vansandt Lindsey M. , Meinsohn Marie-Charlotte , Godin Philippe , Nagykery Nicholas , Sicher Natalie , Kano Motohiro , Kashiwagi Aki , Chauvin Maeva , Saatcioglu Hatice D. , Barnes Julie L. , Miller Amy G. , Thompson Amy K. , Bateman Helen L. , Donelan Elizabeth M. , González Raquel , Newsom Jackie , Gao Guangping , Donahoe Patricia K. , Wang Dan , Swanson William F. , Pépin David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEighty percent of the estimated 600 million domestic cats in the world are free-roaming. These cats typically experience suboptimal welfare and inflict high levels of predation on wildlife. Additionally, euthanasia of healthy animals in overpopulated shelters raises ethical considerations. While surgical sterilization is the mainstay of pet population control, there is a need for efficient, safe, and cost-effective permanent contraception alternatives. Herein, we report evidence that a single intramuscular treatment with an adeno-associated viral vector delivering an anti-Müllerian hormone transgene produces long-term contraception in the domestic cat. Treated females are followed for over two years, during which transgene expression, anti-transgene antibodies, and reproductive hormones are monitored. Mating behavior and reproductive success are measured during two mating studies. Here we show that ectopic expression of anti-Müllerian hormone does not impair sex steroids nor estrous cycling, but prevents breeding-induced ovulation, resulting in safe and durable contraception in the female domestic cat.