bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Policing the blank page movement: Insights from policing students, as a cohort of representatives of Generation Z
Authors: Turner Allison 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Police decisions to arrest and disperse protestors, displaying anti monarch rhetoric during the funeral cortege of Queen Elizabeth ii, has questioned the right to freedom of expression under the Human Rights Act 1998. This presents a potential problem around public perception of police impartiality. This paper utilises an online questionnaire, with the aim of establishing views of youths aged 18 to 23 years old, as a sample of Generation Z, around police actions at the scene. It reviews whether restrictions towards freedom of speech, have negatively impacted upon perceptions of police impartiality. The hypothesis is that the participants will perceive freedom of speech as highly important, with restrictions to this right, damaging the concept of police impartiality. Findings highlight how participants acknowledge the importance of freedom of speech for democracy. However, there was doubt shown around whether police actions which appeared to restrict this right, impacted upon police impartiality.
The exposure of mom-influencers on social media: a potential threat to public health awareness
Authors: Rangka Itsar Bolo , Hidayah Nur , Ramli M , Aminah Siti 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The potential threat to public health awareness posed by mom-influencers on social media must be taken into account. In the meantime, the concept of fostering partnerships between health experts, the government and mom-influencers must be made accessible in order to promote the immediate availability of appropriate, accurate and trustworthy information to the public and adequate health education practices.
Back to culture: don’t let technoference in parenting take place
Authors: Novianti Ria , Mahdum Mahdum , Suarman Suarman , Elmustian Elmustian , Rusandi M Arli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Technoference, the interference caused by excessive use of digital devices, has been shown to negatively impact parent–child relationships and children’s emotional development. This paper explores the potential of Riau Malay culture, one of Indonesia’s indigenous cultures, to offer solutions to the problem of technoference in parenting. Parents can establish closeness, develop their children’s potential, and transmit cultural values by returning to cultural values and integrating the principles found in Tunjuk Ajar Melayu or Malay teachings. This approach ultimately contributes to the well-being of families and communities, fostering stronger emotional connections and supporting children’s healthy development in the digital era.
Risk of partial school closure for COVID-19 by socio-economic level in the period 2020–22
Authors: Pericas Carles , Avcii Gülcan , Baena-Díez José M , Domínguez Àngela , Toledo Diana , Redondo Ana , Vilaplana-Carnerero Carles , Grau María 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The objective was to analyse the risk of partial school closure by economic level in Barcelona city.

Methods
In this ecological study, the risk of partial school closure for the academic years 2020–21 and 2021–22 was estimated by dividing the total number of days that each child was in quarantine or isolation by the total number of days that each child was at risk to be in quarantine or isolation in the academic year. The association between partial school closure risk and mean income by district was estimated with the Spearman rho.

Results
The lower the mean income, the higher the risk of partial closure (Spearman rho = 0.83; P-value = 0.003) during the academic year 2020–21. Specifically, the children from the district with the lowest income had a six times greater risk of partial school closure compared with those from the highest-income district. This risk did not show a significant socioeconomic gradient in the academic year 2021–22.

Conclusions
The risk of partial school closure presented an inverse socioeconomic gradient in the city of Barcelona according to average income by district in the academic year 2020–21. This distribution was not observed in the academic year 2021–22.
The preferences of farmers and non-farming citizens for farm catastrophic risk management policy alternatives
Authors: Valtiala Juho , Niskanen Olli , Pouta Eija , Tienhaara Annika 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Economic risks for farmers have increased during recent years due to various factors such as more extreme climate conditions and the volatility of agricultural markets. We analysed the preferences of Finnish farmers and non-farming citizens concerning catastrophic risk management policies in agriculture based on a survey addressed to both groups. Respondents were asked to rank their preferences regarding who should bear the costs from various disasters occurring on farms. Farmers and non-farming citizens did not prefer a single cost bearer for all risks, but they generally preferred either society or farmers’ insurance to bear the costs. The results indicate that citizens generally accept public spending on agricultural risk management, either through some ex post disaster aid or through subsidised insurance. Farmers’ preferences were generally aligned with those of non-farmers.
Is the Social Safety Net a Long-Term Investment? Large-Scale Evidence From the Food Stamps Program
Authors: Bailey Martha J , Hoynes Hilary , Rossin-Slater Maya , Walker Reed 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We use novel, large-scale data on 17.5 million Americans to study how a policy-driven increase in economic resources affects children's long-term outcomes. Using the 2000 Census and 2001–13 American Community Survey linked to the Social Security Administration's NUMIDENT, we leverage the county-level rollout of the Food Stamps program between 1961 and 1975. We find that children with access to greater economic resources before age five have better outcomes as adults. The treatment-on-the-treated effects show a 6% of a standard deviation improvement in human capital, 3% of a standard deviation increase in economic self-sufficiency, 8% of a standard deviation increase in the quality of neighbourhood of residence, a 1.2-year increase in life expectancy, and a 0.5 percentage-point decrease in likelihood of being incarcerated. These estimates suggest that Food Stamps’ transfer of resources to families is a highly cost-effective investment in young children, yielding a marginal value of public funds of approximately sixty-two.
Cardiovascular risk in myositis patients compared with the general population
Authors: Oreska Sabina , Storkanova Hana , Pekacova Aneta , Kudlicka Jaroslav , Tuka Vladimir , Mikes Ondrej , Krupickova Zdislava , Satny Martin , Chytilova Eva , Kvasnicka Jan , Spiritovic Maja , Hermankova Barbora , Cesak Petr , Rybar Marian , Pavelka Karel , Senolt Ladislav , Mann Herman , Vencovsky Jiri , Vrablik Michal , Tomcik Michal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to evaluate cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) compared with healthy controls (HC) and to assess its association with disease-specific features.

Methods
Ninety IIM patients and 180 age-/sex-matched HC were included. Subjects with a history of CV disease (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular/peripheral arterial vascular events) were excluded. All participants were prospectively recruited and underwent examinations of carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), ankle-brachial index (ABI), and body composition. The risk of fatal CV events was evaluated by the Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) and its modifications.

Results
Compared with HC, IIM patients had a significantly higher prevalence of traditional CV risk factors, carotid artery disease (CARD), abnormal ABI and PWV. After propensity score matching (using traditional CV risk factors), the prevalence of CARD and pathological PWV remained significantly higher in IIM than HC. No significant difference in SCORE was observed. The most unfavourable CV risk profile was observed in patients with necrotizing myopathy, especially in statin-induced anti-HMGCR+ patients. The calculated CV risk scores by SCORE, SCORE2 and SCORE multiplied by the coefficient 1.5 (mSCORE) were reclassified according to CIMT and the presence of carotid plaques. SCORE was demonstrated to be most inaccurate in predicting CV risk in IIM. Age, disease activity, lipid profile, body composition parameters and blood pressure were the most significant predictors of CV risk in IIM patients.

Conclusion
Significantly higher prevalence of traditional risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis was observed in IIM patients compared with HC.
Age-related differences in interference control in the context of a finger-lifting task: an fMRI study
Authors: Riva Federica , Pronizius Ekaterina , Lenger Melanie , Kronbichler Martin , Silani Giorgia , Lamm Claus 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Humans tend to automatically imitate others and their actions while also being able to control such imitative tendencies. Interference control, necessary to suppress own imitative tendencies, develops rapidly in childhood and adolescence, plateaus in adulthood and slowly declines with advancing age. It remains to be shown though which neural processes underpin these differences across the lifespan. In a cross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging study with three age groups (adolescents (ADs) 14–17 years, young adults (YAs) 21–31, older adults (OAs) 56–76, N = 91 healthy female participants), we investigated the behavioral and neural correlates of interference control in the context of automatic imitation using the finger-lifting task. ADs showed the most efficient interference control, while no significant differences emerged between YAs and OAs, despite OAs showing longer reaction times. On the neural level, all age groups showed engagement of the right temporoparietal junction, right supramarginal gyrus and bilateral insula, aligning well with studies previously using this task. However, our analyses did not reveal any age-related differences in brain activation, neither in these nor in other areas. This suggests that ADs might have a more efficient use of the engaged brain networks and, on the other hand, OAs’ capacity for interference control and the associated brain functions might be largely preserved.
European industrial policy for the green and digital revolution
Authors: Terzi Alessio , Sherwood Monika , Singh Aneil 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The urgent need to accelerate on, and make a national success of, the green and digital transition is leading to widespread calls for greater government involvement in the economy, including by means of an active industrial policy. After reviewing several case studies, it becomes evident that, against conventional wisdom, nearly all countries have systematically engaged in some form of industrial policy, especially large economies like the USA and China, notwithstanding their very different economic models. The same is true for Europe, both at the national level and through European Union policies. After analysing these experiences, we draw six key policy lessons to inform future debates on how to shape a successful industrial policy in the years to come and mitigate its risks, while acting in a context of souring geopolitical tensions.
The globalization of science diplomacy in the early 1970s: a historical exploration
Authors: Robinson Sam , Adamson Matthew , Barrett Gordon , Jacobsen Lif Lund , Turchetti Simone , Homei Aya , Marton Péter , Aronowsky Leah , Choudry Iqra , Gärdebo Johan , Hyun Jaehwan , Ienna Gerardo , Kinyanjui Carringtone , Martínez-Rius Beatriz , Mascarello Júlia , Olsakova Doubravka , Rispoli Giulia , Zaidi Waqar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe early 1970s brought fundamental transitions in international scientific collaboration that significantly affected the international relations in global patterns that are still relevant today. This article uses a multi-perspective approach to argue that the underlying condition for the globalization of science diplomacy was the increasing participation of recently independent countries in international technoscientific affairs, examining critical research areas, including space exploration, oceanography, nuclear technoscience, the environmental sciences, and health and population studies. Themes emerged at that time that continue to characterize what we term ‘Global Science Diplomacy’: multipolarity, resistance and agency, lack of global consensus, regional alliances and interests, and the centrality of the United Nations system to the conduct of transnational science. This survey is a first step in historical reflection on this phenomenon and shows that it was the emergence of the Global South in Science Diplomacy affairs that made Science Diplomacy global at the beginning of the 1970s.
Assessment of the effect of mindfulness monotherapy on sexual dysfunction symptoms and sex-related quality of life in women
Authors: Jąderek Izabela , Obarska Katarzyna , Lew-Starowicz Michał 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMindfulness-based therapies (MBTs) are frequently used in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions. So far, there has not been sufficient evidence for the effectiveness of interventions based on mindfulness monotherapy.AimThe aim of the study was to assess the effect of mindfulness monotherapy on the reduction of sexual dysfunction symptoms and sex-related quality of life.MethodsWe conducted 4 weeks of MBT for 2 groups of heterosexual females: 1 with psychogenic sexual dysfunction (WSD) and 1 with no sexual dysfunction (NSD). Overall 93 women were recruited for the study. We collected data via an online survey regarding sexual satisfaction, sexual dysfunctions, and mindfulness-related features at baseline, 1 week after MBT, and follow-up 12 weeks after MBT. Research tools included the Female Sexual Function Index, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, and Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire.OutcomesParticipating in the mindfulness program had a positive effect on women with and without sexual dysfunction.ResultsThe overall risk for sexual dysfunction decreased from 90.6% at baseline to 46.7% at follow-up in the WSD group and from 32.5% at baseline to 6.9% at follow-up in the NSD group. Participants in the WSD group reported a significant increase in levels of sexual desire, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm between measurements, although not in the pain domain. Participants in the NSD group reported a significant increase in the level of sexual desire between measurements but not in levels of arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and pain. A significant increase in sex-related quality of life was observed in both groups.Clinical ImplicationsThe results of the study have a chance to translate into an introduction of a new therapeutic program for specialists and more effective help offered to women experiencing sexual dysfunctions.Strengths and LimitationsThis mindfulness monotherapy research project, which included assessment of meditation “homework,” is the first to verify the potential of MBT in reducing symptoms of psychogenic sexual dysfunctions among heterosexual females. Major limitations include the lack of randomization, an adequate control group, and a validated measure of sexual distress.ConclusionThe applied training was beneficial in the treatment of sexual dysfunctions in terms of increasing desire and arousal as well as the ability to reach orgasm. However, this approach needs more investigation before it can be recommended in the treatment of sexual dysfunction. The study should be replicated under a more rigorous research design, including adequate control groups and random allocation of participants to study conditions.
SKIN NA+, K+ AND WATER BEFORE AND AFTER SURGICAL CURE OF HUMAN PRIMARY ALDOSTERONISM
Authors: Rossitto Giacomo , Torresan Francesca , Caputo Ilaria , Caroccia Brasilina , Bertoldi Giovanni , Rossi Federico Bernardo , Iacobone Maurizio , Rossi Gian Paolo 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Excess salt (sodium) intake is strongly associated with arterial hypertension (HT) in Primary aldosteronism (PA), the prototype of salt-dependent HT, which can be surgically cured with laparoscopic adrenalectomy. As recent evidences pointed to skin Na+ content as a key component of body sodium content, we investigated the effects of surgical cure of PA with adrenalectomy on the skin amount of Na+, K+, water and of Tonicity Enhancing Binding Protein (TonEBP), a transcription factor promoting neolymphoangiogenesis in the skin.
Design and Methods: We obtained skin biopsies in 35 consenting PA patients (40% women, age 56 ± 10 yrs) before and 1 month after surgical cure of PA patients with adrenalectomy. Na+, K+, and water content were measured by chemical-physical methods and TonEBP mRNA copy number by digital droplet PCR.

Results:
We found that the biopsies dry weight was higher in specimen obtained at surgery compared to those collected afterwards (p < 0.001) and showed a tight direct correlation with Na+, K+, and water content (all p < 0.01). After adjustment for specimen dry weight, skin K+ (1.14 ± 0.1 μg/mg before vs 2.81 ± 0.27 μg/mg after surgery, p < 0.001) and water content (2.92 ± 1.4 mg/mg before vs 3.85 ± 0.23 mg/mg after surgery, p < 0.001) increases after surgery, while skin Na+ content showed no changes. Increased Na+ and water drainage due to enhanced TonEBP mRNA copy number in PA could explain this unexpected observation.
Conclusion: A sizable cohort of surgically cured PA patients showed that PA is associated with skin K+ depletion which is corrected after surgical cure. At variance we found no evidence for a surgically correctable increased tissue Na+ content in PA patients. The prominent increase in the skin expression of the TonEBP mRNA, suggesting enhanced tissue Na+ and water drainage via enhanced lymphoangiogenesis in PA patients, can explain this lack of overt Na+ skin accumulation.
URIC ACID TO CREATININE RATIO AS A NOVEL PREDICTOR OF PREECLAMPSIA DEVELOPMENT AND SEVERITY
Authors: Piani Federica , Agnoletti Davide , Esposti Daniela Degli , Borghi Claudio 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Preeclampsia (PE) is the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. PE presents with new-onset hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation that can progress rapidly leading to serious complications for both the mother and the fetus. Thus, it is of crucial importance early identifying women at high-risk for PE as early as during the first trimester of pregnancy, to implement the appropriate management and therapeutic strategies. In our study we aimed to assess the associations between serum uric acid to creatinine ratio (SUA/Cr), the development of PE and PE-related maternal and neonatal complications.

Design and method:
We searched for uric acid and creatine values in the medical records of 269 pregnant women who attended our Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy Clinic from December 2015 to December 2021. Two-hundreds and twelve women developed hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and 57 had normotensive pregnancies. Of the 201 women with HDP, 112 were diagnosed with PE. After comparing baseline characteristics of the enrolled women, we performed logistic regression analysis models to assess the associations between SUA/Cr, development of PE, and PE-related maternal and neonatal complications.

Results:
Women who developed PE were more frequently nulliparous and had a higher rate of preterm delivery and maternal and neonatal complications, compared to women with HDP and healthy controls. Serum SUA/Cr was consistently higher in women with PE in all trimesters of pregnancy. Serum uric acid and creatinine alone were higher only during the third trimester in women with PE compared to women with HDP and healthy controls. Third trimester SUA/Cr was associated with an increased risk of developing PE (OR 1.29, CI 1.15 - 1.50, p = 0.001), of preterm birth (OR 1.23, CI 1.05 - 1.45, p = 0.011), and of a composite neonatal outcome (OR 1.33, CI 1.12 - 1.59, p = 0.001), after adjustment for age, BMI before pregnancy, nulliparity, hypertensive therapy, and acetylsalicylic acid therapy during pregnancy.

Conclusions:
In our study, women who develop PE had elevated SUA/Cr throughout all the trimesters. SUA/Cr at the third trimester of pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of PE development and neonatal complications.
Haptic feedback during virtual reality training significantly improves First-Year orthopedic resident performance at tibia drilling: a randomized trial
Authors: Kanakamedala Ajay C. , Dankert John F. , Parola Rown , Egol Kenneth A. , Aggarwal Vinay K. , Lajam Claudette M. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Few studies have investigated whether haptic feedback improves the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR) simulation. This study aimed to determine whether new orthopedic surgery residents trained on haptic feedback-enabled VR performed basic drilling better than residents who had trained on VR without haptic feedback.

Methods:
Fourteen first-year orthopedic surgery residents were enrolled and randomized into “haptic” or “non-haptic” groups and blinded to study goals and randomization. Residents participated in a VR tibia drilling simulation with haptic feedback either turned on or off and then performed a plastic resin tibia model drilling session where overdrill depth was measured by two raters blinded to study groups. Questionnaires were completed before and after the hands-on sessions with responses on a five-point Likert scale.

Results:
There were no significant differences in demographics between groups. Overdrill depth during the first trial was significantly less in the haptic group than the non-haptic group (3.9 mm vs. 6.0 mm, P=0.005). Subsequent trials showed no significant difference in mean overdrill depth between groups (P>0.05). Haptic group participants reported higher confidence in the safe use of surgical tools (4 vs. 3, P<0.01) and more simulation realism (4 vs. 3, P<0.01).

Conclusion:
VR training with haptic feedback significantly improves initial performance during use of a surgical drill through a tibia model compared to VR training without haptic feedback in first year orthopedic residents. The addition of haptic feedback also increases the perceived value, realism, and enjoyment of VR simulation.

Level of Evidence:
Level II.