bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual bioefficacy of Attractive Targeted Sugar Bait stations targeting malaria vectors during seasonal deployment in Western Province of Zambia
Authors: Mwaanga Gift , Ford Jacob , Yukich Joshua , Chanda Benjamin , Ashton Ruth A. , Chanda Javan , Munsanje Buster , Muntanga Emliny , Mulota Malon , Simuyandi Christine , Mulala Boyd , Simubali Limonty , Saili Kochelani , Simulundu Edgar , Miller John , Hamainza Busiku , Orange Erica , Wagman Joseph , Mburu Monicah M. , Harris Angela F. , Entwistle Julian , Littrell Megan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The primary vector control interventions in Zambia are long-lasting insecticide-treated nets and indoor residual spraying. Challenges with these interventions include insecticide resistance and the outdoor biting and resting behaviors of many Anopheles mosquitoes. Therefore, new vector control tools targeting additional mosquito behaviors are needed to interrupt transmission. Attractive targeted sugar bait (ATSB) stations, which exploit the sugar feeding behaviors of mosquitoes, may help in this role. This study evaluated the residual laboratory bioefficacy of Westham prototype ATSB® Sarabi v.1.2.1 Bait Station (Westham Ltd., Hod-Hasharon, Israel) in killing malaria vectors in Western Province, Zambia, during the first year of a large cluster randomized phase-III trial (Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT04800055).
Methods
This was a repeat cross-sectional study conducted within three districts, Nkeyema, Kaoma, and Luampa, in Western Province, Zambia. The study was conducted in 12 intervention clusters among the 70 trial clusters (35 interventions, 35 controls) between December 2021 and June 2022. Twelve undamaged bait stations installed on the outer walls of households were collected monthly (one per cluster per month) for bioassays utilizing adult female and male An. gambiae sensu stricto (Kisumu strain) mosquitoes from a laboratory colony.
Results
A total of 84 field-deployed ATSB stations were collected, and 71 ultimately met the study inclusion criteria for remaining in good condition. Field-deployed stations that remained in good condition (intact, non-depleted of bait, and free of dirt as well as mold) retained high levels of bioefficacy (mean induced mortality of 83.8%) after seven months in the field but did induce lower mortality rates than non-deployed ATSB stations (91.4% mean mortality). There was relatively little variation in corrected mortality rates between monthly rounds for those ATSB stations that had been deployed to the field.
Conclusion
While field-deployed ATSB stations induced lower mortality rates than non-deployed ATSB stations, these stations nonetheless retained high levels of bioefficacy with mean mortality rates of over 80% during seven months of operation in the field. The duration of deployment was not associated with lower bioefficacy. Westham prototype ATSB stations can still retain bioefficacy even after deployment in the field for 7 months, provided they do not meet predetermined criteria for replacement.
Improving hole injection with the polarization effect for AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes
Authors: Xing Zhongqiu , Zhang Aoxiang , Qu Yipu , Wang Fang , Liou Juin J. , Liu Yuhuai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The low hole injection efficiency in the active region of AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet (DUV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is attributed to the high ionization energy of acceptor magnesium, which has been widely acknowledged. In this paper, the hole injection efficiency of AlGaN-based DUV LEDs is effectively enhanced by utilizing the polarization effect in quantum wells. By appropriately increasing the thickness of the quantum well, the polarization electric field can be utilized to increase the mean free path of holes and enhance hole concentration in the active region. This approach effectively boosts hole concentration and promotes a more uniform distribution of holes in the quantum wells. Therefore, the DUV LED had a high internal quantum efficiency of 70.3% and optical power of 56.02 W/cm2 when the quantum well thickness is 5 nm. It is noteworthy that the strong quantum confined stark effect can cause electron and hole wave functions to separate, leading to a decrease in LED performance when quantum wells exceed a certain thickness.
Single-Position Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion in Prone: Single-Centric Case-Series
Authors: Amaral Rodrigo , Pokorny Gabriel , Marcelino Fernando , Pokorny Jullyene , Moriguchi Rafael , Barreira Igor , Arnoni Daniel , Mizael Weby , Pimenta Luiz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The main difference between prone and lateral surgery is that the patient's position is changed from lateral decubitus to prone, which may work around the three principal difficulties of the standard lateral approach. The prone transpsoas (PTP) technique enables single-position surgery with more familiar patient positioning, which improves lumbar lordosis and lengthens the psoas muscle, pushing it posteriorly. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the clinical and surgical outcomes of the prone transpsoas procedure.
Methods
This was a retrospective case series in which patients with up to two levels of lateral lumbar interbody fusion in the prone decubitus position for degenerative diseases were included. The outcomes of interest were classified as surgical or clinical. According to the variable distribution, Kruskal-Wallis or one-way ANOVA was used to assess variance across all groups, and the t-test or Wilcoxon test was used to examine intragroup variances. The statistical significance level was set at p < 0.05.
Results
Thirty-nine patients participated in the trial. The average operating time was 166 min (± 79 min) and the average blood loss was 182 mL (± 151 mL). The median length of hospital stay was one day, with an interquartile range of 1.25 days. All clinical outcomes significantly improved at 1–3, 6–12, and 24–36 months compared to baseline. There was one intraoperative (2,5%) and two postoperative complications (5,1%).
Conclusion
According to the authors’ case experience, PTP is a safe, practical, and reproducible procedure capable of treating a wide spectrum of degenerative disorders.
Level of Evidence: III
Dual Catalysis of Gold Nanoclusters:Photocatalytic Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling by Cooperation of Superatomic Core and Molecularly Modified Staples
Authors: Isozaki Katsuhiro , Iseri Kenta , Saito Ryohei , Ueda Kyosuke , Nakamura Masaharu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThiolate-protected gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have attracted significant attention as nano-catalysts, revealing a superatomic core and gold-thiolate staples as distinct structural units. Here, we demonstrate the unprecedented dual catalytic activity of thiolate-protected [Au25SR18]−nanoclusters, involving both photosensitized1O2generation by the Au13superatomic core and catalytic carbon–carbon bond formation facilitated by Au2(SR)3staples. This synergistic combination of two different catalytic units enables efficient cross-dehydrogenative coupling of terminal alkynes and tertiary aliphatic amines to afford propargylamines in high yields of up to 93%. Mixed-ligand AuNCs bearing both thiolate and alkynyl ligands revealed the intermediacy of the alkynyl-exchanged AuNCs toward both photosensitization and C–C bond-forming catalytic cycles. Density functional theory calculations also supported the intermediacy of the alkynyl-exchanged AuNCs. Thus, the use of ligand-protected metal nanoclusters has enabled the development of an exceptional multifunctional catalyst, wherein distinct nanocluster components facilitate cooperative photo- and chemo-catalysis.
Insilico discovering of STRA6 as a Novel Binding Receptor of Human Immunodeficiency (HIV)
Authors: Elkazzaz Mahmoud , Ahmed Amr , Haikal Abdullah , Jabbar Basit , Shamkh Israa M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The progressive loss of CD4+ T cell population and thymic dysfunction is the hallmark of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus-1) infection but the mechanism underlying the slow T cell decline and thymic involution remains elusive. Although the chemokine receptor CCR5 (cysteine-cysteine chemokine receptor 5) is the predominant co-receptor exploited for transmission and replication of HIV in vivo but the previous mechanism described via CCR5, based on single-receptor tropism, was insufficient to elucidate the thymic dysfunction and progressive loss of CD4+ T cells caused by HIV infection. It has been demonstrated that acute HIV infection causes retinoic acid (RA) levels to drop quickly and immune cell populations, whose identities and functions are largely regulated by RA. Through this study, we predicted and discovered human STRA6 as a novel binding receptor of HIV that may play a critical role in the pathogenicity of HIV and its immune suppression. Binding between human STRA6 (signaling receptor and transporter of retinol 6) receptor and HIV glycoprotein 120 (GP120) was studied through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation analysis. The results showed that the HIV surface glycoprotein (GP120) binds strongly and efficiently to the chain B of the STRA6 receptor at proximity to the RBP (retinol binding protein)- binding motif located in the receptor(ZDOCK score: 1924). From the MD simulation analysis, the binding energies were determined using MM/GBSA (Molecular mechanics with generalised Born and surface area solvation) and was found to be -841.2 kcal/mol signifying a high stability of the complex. It might be possible that HIV infects the thymus gland by binding of the surface glycoprotein (GP120) to the chain B of the membrane STRA6 receptor- a receptor of retinol /Vitamin A (VitA)- which is highly expressed on thymic gland and T cells, leading to retinol signaling disorder or retinol insufficiency which may lead to thymus gland damage and thymic dysfunction resulting in low CD4+ T cells in HIV patients. This study paves the way towards understanding the complex mechanism of HIV infection and its immune dysregulation and may lead to the discovery of new drug targets for management of HIV. More research is needed to fully understand the link between STRA6 receptor and HIV, and it is possible that future studies using animal models, including genetically modified animals, will provide further insights into the mechanisms by which STRA6 receptor play a role in HIV pathogenesis and progression.
Study on the dielectric property, ac conductivity and electric modulus of pristine and green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Sarkar Toton , Kundu Sani , Bhattacharjee Ashis 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

We report the results obtained on the studies made for temperature and frequency dependence of the dielectric constant, loss and ac conductivity for pristine and green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles as well as investigations of their electric modulus. Frequency-dependent dielectric studies are carried out with the pelletized samples of ZnO at different temperatures. At lower frequencies (< 1 kHz) and at higher temperatures the ZnO nanoparticles have giant dielectric constant values (~ 4x104), and such a temperature-dependent giant dielectric constant has not been seen earlier, to our knowledge, in any pristine ZnO nanoparticle. In the lower frequency region and below 100○C the nature of temperature dependence of the dielectric constant for pristine ZnO is in contrast with that observed for the green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. This anomalous temperature dependence of dielectric constant may be correlated with combined effect of the in-plane and out of plane thermal-expansion coefficients of ZnO. A temperature-dependent poly-dispersive relaxation mechanism in these materials have been observed. The electrical conduction mechanism is found to be significantly modulated by the use of the extract. Electric modulus study reveals that the electrical conduction and dielectric polarization follow the same mechanism in these ZnO nanoparticles. The dependences of the dielectric constant, dielectric loss, conductivity and polarization mechanisms observed in the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles are envisaged as the signatures of the effective control of the flour extract on the crystal growth and formation of grain boundaries. A plausible growth mechanism of the ZnO nanoparticles in presence of the flower extract containing phytochemicals is also provided.
A Promising Start and Not a Panacea: ChatGPT's Early Impact and Potential in Medical Science and Biomedical Engineering Research
Authors: sohail shahab saquib 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has catalyzed a revolutionary transformation across various industries, including healthcare. Medical applications of ChatGPT, a powerful language model based on the generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) architecture, encompass the creation of conversational agents capable of accessing and generating medical information from multiple sources and formats. This study investigates the research trends of large language models such as ChatGPT, GPT 4, and Google Bard, comparing their publication trends with early COVID-19 research. The findings underscore the current prominence of AI research and its potential implications in biomedical engineering. A search of the Scopus database on July 23, 2023, yielded 1,096 articles related to ChatGPT, with approximately 26% being medical science-related. Keywords related to artificial intelligence, natural language processing (NLP), LLM, and generative AI dominate ChatGPT research, while a focused representation of medical science research emerges, with emphasis on biomedical research and engineering. This analysis serves as a call to action for researchers, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to recognize and harness AI's potential in healthcare, particularly in the realm of biomedical research.
Quercetin Modulates the Signalling Pathways and Therapeutic Targets in the Pathophysiology of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Jasemi Seyed Vahid , Khazaei Hosna , Fakhri Sajad , Samimi Zeinab , Aneva Ina Yosifova , Farzaei Mohammad Hosein 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Lung cancer is a progressive disease with the highest incidence and mortality
rate of other cancer types. Besides, the low efficacy of current treatments used against lung cancer urges
the need for novel alternative treatments.

Methods:
Accordingly, quercetin (a flavonoid) has shown a mechanistic-based potential in preventing the
progression of lung cancer. So, this study was designed to systematically review quercetin's therapeutic
effects on the improvement of lung cancer. For this purpose, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane library databases
were searched based on the keywords lung cancer, lung carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma and quercetin
from 1997 to November 2021. We removed Non-English, repetitive, review and irrelevant articles
according to title and abstract in the first step. After that, full-text screening was used to include the final
studies.

Results:
From a total of 4341 results, finally 36 articles were included in the study, which the whole confirmed
the therapeutic effects of quercetin on the improvement of lung malignancy. They also proved that
quercetin has a synergic effect with chemical drugs used for lung cancer treatment. From the mechanical
point of view, quercetin has employed several signaling mediators for lung therapeutic applications. This
systematic review summarizes the modulatory effects of quercetin on several dysregulated pathways, including
growth/proliferation, viability, migration/invasion, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis.

Conclusion:
Prevailing studies show that quercetin interferes with molecular targets and mechanisms
underlying lung cancer to prevent the development of such diseases in clinical applications.
In vitro Antibacterial Activity of Dye Compounds
Authors: Hoepfner Alize , Bezuidenhout Johannes Jacobus , Petzer Anél , Petzer Jacobus Petrus , Cloete Theunis Theodorus 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Methylene blue and some of its analogues have known antibacterial activity,
however their exact mechanism of action is unknown

Objective:
In this study, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of several methylene blue analogues were determined against five bacterial strains, whereafter the data were used to create and validate a pharmacophore model.

Methods:
The agar dilution method was used to screen the analogues for antibacterial activity, while the
broth microdilution method was used to determine their MIC and MBC. A pharmacophore model was
constructed and validated using the rank score, fit value, enrichment factor (EF10%), hit rate (HR10%) and
receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (ROC-AUC) as metrics.

Results:
Against Staphylococcus aureus, pyronin B (0.125 µg/ml) was more active than tetracycline (1
µg/ml) and pyronin Y (0.5 µg/ml), 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue (2 µg/ml), basic blue 3 (2 µg/ml), new
methylene blue (2 µg/ml) and Nile blue (2 µg/ml) had similar activity compared to tetracycline. Pyronin
B, 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue and new methylene blue were bactericidal. A pharmacophore model was
created (rank score: 36.55, max. fit value: 3), which was able to identify active analogues out of the test
set (EF10%: 2.83, HR10%: 28.57%, ROC-AUC: 0.84 ± 0.04). The pharmacophore model highlighted that a
positive ionisable, aromatic ring as well as a hydrophobic moiety are important for antibacterial activity.

Conclusion:
Methylene blue analogues were found to have potent antibacterial activity and a pharmacophore model was created to understand the structural requirements for activity.
A New Approach based on Fuzzy Clustering and Enhancement Operator for
Medical Image Contrast Enhancement
Authors: Trung Nguyen Tu 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Image enhancement is a very significant topic in image processing that improves the quality of the images. The methods of image enhancement are classified into 3 categories. They include histogram method, fuzzy logic method and optimal method. Studies on image enhancement are often based on rules: if it's bright then it's brighter, if it's dark then it's darker and using the global approach. So, it's hard to enhance objects in all dark and light areas, as in the medical images.

Objective:
Input data is downloaded from the link: http://www.med.harvard.edu/AANLIB.

Methods:
This paper introduces a new algorithm for enhancing medical images that is called the medical image enhancement based on cluster enhancement (MIECE). Firstly, the input image is clustered by the algorithm of fuzzy clustering. Then, the upper bound, and lower bound are calculated according to cluster. Next, the sub-algorithm is implemented for clustering enhancement using an enhancement operator. For each pixel, the gray levels for each channel (R, G, B) are transformed with this sub-algorithm to generate new corresponding gray levels. Because after clustering, each pixel belongs to each cluster with the corresponding membership value. Therefore, the output gray level value will be aggregated from the enhanced gray levels by the sub-algorithm with the weight of the corresponding cluster membership value.

Results:
This paper experiences the method MIECE with input data downloaded from the link: http://www.med.harvard.edu/AANLIB. The experimental results are compared with some recent methods that include: SGHIE (2017), Ying (2017) and KinD++ (2021).

Conclusion:
This paper introduces the new algorithm which is based on cluster enhancement (MIECE) to enhance the medical image contrast. The experimental results show that the output images of the proposed algorithm are better than some other recent methods for enhancing dark objects.
MRI Imaging Appearance of Hyperostosis Frontalis Interna (HFI): A Case
Report of Focal Benign Enhancement
Authors: Bhandari Anish , Greenhill Mark , Anthony Mayra , Sharma Sorabh , Mushtaq Raza 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
Hyperostosis frontalis interna (HFI) is a common and often incidental finding seen on imaging. There is a significant paucity of radiology
literature, particularly regarding the MRI imaging appearance of HFI.

Case Presentation:
We reported two cases of HFI on MRI, which showed focal enhancement. These were stable on long-term follow-up studies and thought to be
most consistent with benign enhancement.

Conclusion:
Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying pathogenesis; however, it is important to be aware that regions of HFI may demonstrate
variable enhancement and are sometimes mistaken for osseous metastatic disease.
Bioinformatic Resources for Plant Genomic Research
Authors: Valsala Sudarsanan Suvanish Kumar , Sreekumar Nidhin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Genome assembly and annotation are crucial steps in plant genomics research as they provide
valuable insights into plant genetic makeup, gene regulation, evolutionary history, and biological processes.
In the emergence of high-throughput sequencing technologies, a plethora of genome assembly
tools have been developed to meet the diverse needs of plant genome researchers. Choosing the most
suitable tool to suit a specific research need can be daunting due to the complex and varied nature of
plant genomes and reads from the sequencers. To assist informed decision-making in selecting the appropriate
genome assembly and annotation tool(s), this review offers an extensive overview of the most
widely used genome and transcriptome assembly tools. The review covers the specific information on
each tool in tabular data, and the data types it can process. In addition, the review delves into transcriptome
assembly tools, plant resource databases, and repositories (12 for Arabidopsis, 9 for Rice, 5 for
Tomato, and 8 general use resources), which are vital for gene expression profiling and functional annotation
and ontology tools that facilitate data integration and analysis.
An Overview of Recent Findings that Shed Light on the Connection
between Fat and Cancer
Authors: Pandit Parth , Shirke Chaitanya , Bhatia Nirav , Godad Angel , Belemkar Sateesh , Patel Jayshree , Zine Sandip 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Obesity and cancer have been found to have a direct link in epidemiological studies. Obesity raises the risk of cancer and associated chronic disorders. Furthermore, an imbalance of ad-ipokines, like leptins, plays a crucial role in neoplasm pathogenesis, cell migration, and thereby, cancer metastasis. Also, leptin increases human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein levels through the STAT3-mediated (signal transducer and activator of transcription) upregulation of heat shock protein (Hsp90) in breast cancer cells. It has been noticed that insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) act as mitosis activators in the host and cancerous breast epithelial cells. The condition of hyperinsulinemia explains the positive association between colorectal cancer and obe-sity. Furthermore, in prostate cancer, an alteration in sex hormone levels, testosterone and dihydro-testosterone, has been reported to occur, along with increased oxidative stress, which is the actual cause of the tumors. Whereas, there have been two interconnected factors that play a crucial role in the psychological cycle concerned with lung cancer. The review article focuses on all the prospects of etiological mechanisms that have found linkage with obesity and breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancers. Furthermore, the article has also highlighted how these new insights into the processes oc-cur and, due to which reasons, obesity contributes to tumorigenesis. This review provides a detailed discussion on the progression, which can assist in the development of new and innovative tech-niques to interfere in this process, and it has been supported with insights based on evidence litera-ture on approved clinical treatments for obesity and cancer.