bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Pulp Black Liquor with an Ionic Liquid: Modeling and Optimization by Using Response Surface Methodology and Central Composite Design
Authors: Papaiconomou Nicolas , Magnin Jean‐Pierre , Billard Isabelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, selective extraction towards ionic liquid trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride ([P66614]Cl) of lignin residues, polysaccharides and organic acids present in black liquor (BL), the main principal wastewater of pulping industry was studied. With the objective of finding optimized conditions allowing to extract lignin residues while polysaccharides and organic acids remain in aqueous solution, a design of experiments approach based on a response surface methodology was used. Three continuous factors, namely initial pH varying from 9 to 13.5, dilution of BL varying from 5 to 20 and volumetric ratio of black liquor vs. ionic liquid RV., varying from 1 to 19, were investigated. Concentration of lignin residues, polysaccharides and organic acids were measured using Folin‐Ciocalteu method, the anthrone method and HPLC, respectively. Results showed that a multi‐response optimization led to the extraction of 84.8 % of lignin residues, 66.0 % of polysaccharides, and no extraction of OA under optimised conditions.
The dominant plant species Solidago canadensis structures multiple trophic levels in an old‐field ecosystem
Authors: Eckberg Julia N. , Hubbard Akane , Schwarz Eva T. , Smith Elliott T. , Sanders Nathan J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDominant plant species are locally abundant and have large impacts on ecological communities via a variety of mechanisms. However, few studies have evaluated the influence of a dominant plant species both within and among trophic levels and on key ecosystem functions such as productivity. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the dominant plant species Solidago canadensis on plant and arthropod communities in an old‐field ecosystem in southeastern Michigan. We found that S. canadensis negatively correlated with the richness and combined biomass of all other plant species in the community, likely by reducing light availability. In turn, less biomass of all other plant species led to lower arthropod abundance. Specifically, detritivore and predator arthropod abundance was lower with less biomass of all plant species excluding S. canadensis, but herbivore and omnivore abundance was unaffected. Our results highlight the significant role of dominant plants in determining plant diversity and ecosystem function, and further suggest that the effect of a dominant plant species on a community is observed at higher trophic levels.
Integrating gradient with scale in ecological and evolutionary studies
Authors: Guo Qinfeng , Chen Anping , Crockett Erin T. H. , Atkins Jeff W. , Chen Xiongwen , Fei Songlin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGradient and scale are two key concepts in ecology and evolution that are closely related but inherently distinct. While scale commonly refers to the dimensional space of a specific ecological/evolutionary (eco–evo) issue, gradient measures the range of a given variable. Gradient and scale can jointly and interactively influence eco–evo patterns. Extensive previous research investigated how changing scales may affect the observation and interpretation of eco–evo patterns; however, relatively little attention has been paid to the role of changing gradients. Here, synthesizing recent research progress, we suggest that the role of scale in the emergence of ecological patterns should be evaluated in conjunction with considering the underlying environmental gradients. This is important because, in most studies, the range of the gradient is often part of its full potential range. The difference between sampled (partial) versus potential (full) environmental gradients may profoundly impact observed eco–evo patterns and alter scale–gradient relationships. Based on observations from both field and experimental studies, we illustrate the underlying features of gradients and how they may affect observed patterns, along with the linkages of these features to scales. Since sampled gradients often do not cover their full potential ranges, we discuss how the breadth and the starting and ending positions of key gradients may affect research design and data interpretation. We then outline potential approaches and related perspectives to better integrate gradient with scale in future studies.
Baugrubensteifen aus Stahlrohren – Vereinfachte Bemessung für Querschnittsklasse 4
Authors: Wacker Matthias 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn ausgesteiften Baugruben werden häufig Stahlrohre als Steifen eingesetzt. Bei langen Steifen ohne Zwischenauflagerung ist es besonders wirtschaftlich, große Durchmesser mit geringer Wanddicke zu wählen. Dabei kann Querschnittsklasse 4 erreicht und ein Beulsicherheitsnachweis nach EN 1993‐1‐6 erforderlich werden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein vereinfachtes Berechnungsverfahren mit profilbezogenen Beulspannungen auf Grundlage von EN 1993‐1‐6 Anhang D beschrieben. Es werden gebrauchsfertige profilbezogene Beulspannungen für häufig verwendete Rohre der Querschnittsklasse 4 angegeben.
Prevalence of medically induced psychological trauma and its influence on women's health
Authors: Krolak Monika , Hämmerli Keller Katja , Schmidt Roger , Nobel Gloria , Germann Nicolas , Schmid Dagmar , Hornung René 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the present study was three‐fold. One, to assess the prevalence of medical traumatization in outpatients of a gynecologic department; two, to analyze the relationship of medical traumatization with adverse childhood events; and three, to investigate the extent to which medical traumatization affects the health outcomes of woman.MethodsBetween January and September 2022, a prospective cross‐sectional study recruited patients of a gynecologic outpatient clinic at St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital in Switzerland. Medical trauma was a self‐reported item. The presence of adverse childhood events was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. The severity of post‐traumatic stress was evaluated using the Impact of Event Scale Revised questionnaire.ResultsIn total, 227 patients were recruited. Medical trauma was reported by 20% of the interviewees and it was strongly associated with obesity (A = 0.005). Undergoing surgery was most commonly the source of psychological distress (5.7%) followed by delivery (4.8%), pregnancy loss (4.8%), and cancer diagnosis (4.0%). Yet, fewer than 1% of the patients reached the threshold suggesting post‐traumatic stress disorder.ConclusionsWe found no relationship between the medical trauma, adverse childhood events, cardiovascular disease, or substance abuse. The presence of medical trauma was associated with the patient's body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters).
Gene expression changes in Tay–Sachs disease begin early in fetal brain development
Authors: Han Sangwoo T. , Hirt Ashley , Nicoli Elena‐Raluca , Kono Mari , Toro Camilo , Proia Richard L. , Tifft Cynthia J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTreatment of monogenic disorders has historically relied on symptomatic management with limited ability to target primary molecular deficits. However, recent advances in gene therapy and related technologies aim to correct these underlying deficiencies, raising the possibility of disease management or even prevention for diseases that can be treated pre‐symptomatically. Tay–Sachs disease (TSD) would be one such candidate, however very little is known about the presymptomatic stage of TSD. To better understand the effects of TSD on brain development, we evaluated the transcriptomes of human fetal brain samples with biallelic pathogenic variants in HEXA. We identified dramatic changes in the transcriptome, suggesting a perturbation of normal development. We also observed a shift in the expression of the sphingolipid metabolic pathway away from production of the HEXA substrate, GM2 ganglioside, presumptively to compensate for dysfunction of the enzyme. However, we do not observe transcriptomic signatures of end‐stage disease, suggesting that developmental perturbations precede neurodegeneration. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the relationship between fetal disease pathology in juvenile onset TSD and the analysis of gene expression in fetal TSD tissues. This study highlights the need to better understand the “pre‐symptomatic” stage of disease to set realistic expectations for patients receiving early therapeutic intervention.
Comparison of AMS, TIMS, and SIMS techniques for determining uranium isotope ratios in individual particles
Authors: Gao Jie , He Ming , Shen Yan , Xu Chang‐Kun , Zhao Yong‐Gang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe determination of isotope ratios in individual uranium particles is very important for nuclear safeguards. In this work, accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) were applied to isotope ratio analysis of individual uranium particles and compared in terms of background, measurement accuracy, and efficiency. Several individual uranium particles (1–7 μm) from certified reference materials were used as samples. The results show that the average values of blank counting rate of 235U for AMS, FT‐TIMS (FT: fission track), SEM‐TIMS (SEM: scanning electron microscope), and SIMS were 7.3, 7.8, 2.7 and 2.2 cps, respectively. The relative error of 234U/235U and 234U/236U isotope ratios of the particles from U200 for AMS were within 10% and 20%, whereas the results of FT‐TIMS and SIMS were within 5% and 10%, respectively. The relative error and external precision of 234U/238U and 235U/238U of the particles from U850 for the method of AMS, SEM‐TIMS, and SIMS were within 10% and 5%, respectively. For 236U/238U, the average values of the relative error and external precision measured by AMS were within 5%, which measured by SEM‐TIMS and SIMS were all within 10%. AMS has advantages in measuring 236U/238U. The measurement time of AMS and SEM‐TIMS was shorter than that of FT‐TIMS and longer than that of SIMS. It is considered that AMS and SEM‐TIMS have a certain development prospect, and it is necessary to research deeply.
Risk factors of severe periodontitis in kidney transplant recipients: A case‐control study
Authors: Roguljić Marija , Vučković Marijana , Gelemanović Andrea , Kovačević Katja , Orešković Josip , Radić Mislav , Božić Darko , Radić Josipa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundKidney transplant recipients (KTRs) represent a vulnerable group of patients who develop a number of comorbidities. Severe periodontitis (SP) is associated with the most common chronic systemic diseases including kidney diseases. The objective of this study was to explore the risk factors for SP in KTRs.MethodsIn this study, KTRs were divided into those with or without periodontitis and in relation to the severity of periodontitis. A comprehensive medical and periodontal examination was performed and evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to examine possible risk factors for SP among KTRs.ResultsA total of 100 KTRs were included in the analysis, of which 87% had periodontitis. Significant predictors of periodontitis were older age (OR = 1.07, 95% CI [1.01, 1.13], p = 0.016) and lower skeletal muscle mass (OR = 0.88, 95% CI [0.78, 0.99], p = 0.035). When examining periodontitis severity, predictors of SP (n = 21, 24%) were increased levels of uric acid (OR = 1.01, 95% CI [1.00, 1.02], p = 0.022) and dental plaque (OR = 1.04, 95% CI [1.01, 1.07], p = 0.013). In the subset analysis that included only KTRs with measured advanced glycation end products (AGE) (n = 47), 34% (n = 16) had SP. The predictors of SP were AGE (OR = 3.89, 95% CI [1.28, 11.82], p = 0.017) and dental plaque (OR = 1.07, 95% CI [1.01, 1.13], p = 0.028).ConclusionsKTRs with SP had significantly higher uric acid levels and AGE, which may contribute to the systemic health status of this patient population.
New preservation and detection technologies for edible mushrooms: A review
Authors: Huo Jingyi , Zhang Min , Wang Dayuan , S. Mujumdar Arun , Bhandari Bhesh , Zhang Lujun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEdible mushrooms are nutritious, tasty, and have medicinal value, which makes them very popular. Fresh mushrooms have a high water content and a crisp texture. They demonstrate strong metabolic activity after harvesting. However, they are prone to textural changes, microbial infestation, and nutritional and flavor loss, and they therefore require appropriate post‐harvest processing and preservation. Important factors affecting safety and quality during their processing and storage include their quality, source, microbial contamination, physical damage, and chemical residues. Thus, these aspects should be tested carefully to ensure safety. In recent years, many new techniques have been used to preserve mushrooms, including electrofluidic drying and cold plasma treatment, as well as new packaging and coating technologies. In terms of detection, many new detection techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), imaging technology, and spectroscopy can be used as rapid and effective means of detection. This paper reviews the new technological methods for processing and detecting the quality of mainstream edible mushrooms. It mainly introduces their working principles and application, and highlights the future direction of preservation, processing, and quality detection technologies for edible mushrooms. Adopting appropriate post‐harvest processing and preservation techniques can maintain the organoleptic properties, nutrition, and flavor of mushrooms effectively. The use of rapid, accurate, and non‐destructive testing methods can provide a strong assurance of food safety. At present, these new processing, preservation and testing methods have achieved good results but at the same time there are certain shortcomings. So it is recommended that they also be continuously researched and improved, for example through the use of new technologies and combinations of different technologies. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Preoperative chemotherapy is a better strategy than upfront surgery in cT4 gastric cancer
Authors: Dias Andre R. , Pereira Marina A. , Ramos Marcus F. K. P. , Ribeiro Ulysses , Zilberstein Bruno , Nahas Sergio C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy (CMT) followed by surgery is recommended by Western countries for advanced gastric cancer (GC). However, cT4 GC usually undergoes upfront surgery, due to symptoms. This study aimed to evaluate if preoperative CMT is a better strategy than upfront surgery in cT4 GC.MethodsAll cT4 GCs who underwent curative gastrectomy were included. Patients were divided according to their initial treatment: upfront surgery (SURG) or CMT + SURG.ResultsAmong the 226 GC initially staged as cT4, 150 underwent SURG and 76 CMT + SURG. Groups were similar concerning age, comorbidities, American Society of Anesthesiologists, gastrectomy performed, and postoperative complications. The CMT + SURG group had less advanced pTNM. Median overall survival (OS) was 32 and 58.5 months for SURG and CMT + SURG, respectively (p = 0.04). Patients who received perioperative or adjuvant CMT had better OS compared to surgery alone (49.4 vs. 15.9 months, p < 0.001). OS was similar for those receiving preoperative and adjuvant CMT. Non‐CMT, pN+, and R1 resection were independent risk factors for worse OS.ConclusionMultimodal treatment associating CMT with surgery, regardless of whether the approach is pre‐ or postoperative, is essential to improve the survival of cT4 GC. As tolerance to adjuvant treatment is reduced, preoperative CMT is a better strategy than upfront surgery in these patients.
Evaluation of platelet activation marker expression and its correlation with tumorigenesis and tumor progression in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Da Silva Jeronimo P. A. , Martins Mário R. , dos Santos Rogerio L. , da Silva Luciana M. , Lima Cecilia A. C. , Torres Leuridan C. , Forones Nora M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGastric cancer (GC) remains responsible for over one million new cases in 2020. Activated platelets express the CD40 ligand (CD40L) and CD62P in the cytoplasmic membrane, and interaction with the vascular endothelium can induce the production of tumor growth factors and metastases. We aimed to characterize the soluble levels of sCD40L and sCD62P in GC patients.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was performed on 83 GC patients and 20 healthy controls.ResultsHigh levels of sCD40L were obtained in GC patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.003) and in the I/II compared with III and IV stages (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.007, respectively). Low levels of sCD62P in the GC patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.009). High soluble levels of sCD62P in I/II compared with III and IV stages (p = 0.002 and p = 0.01, respectively). There are no significant differences in the levels of sCD40L and sCD62P were observed between intestinal, diffuse, and mixed types.ConclusionsWe concluded that sCD40L and sCD62P molecules may be predictive biomarkers since the increase in plasma levels was associated with disease progression and metastasis in GC. In addition, the serum sCD40L and sCD62P can potentially be used as an indicator of response to anticancer therapy.
Equitable representation in awards and recognition in scholarly publishing: Current challenges and the path ahead
Authors: Kirk Rebecca , Harris Susan J. , Chauhan Chhavi 
Published: January 2023

Key points
Awards are an important mechanism of recognition that can signify inclusivity or exclusivity and impact careers.
More women were selected by publishing organizations for awards overall yet appeared underrecognized in a predominantly women‐employed workforce.
Award programs showed a preference for US‐based awardees despite the global representation of individuals' localities.
To build equity in awards programs, organizations are encouraged to appoint diverse committees, promote transparency and publicize awards in historically excluded communities.
One‐Step Synthesis of Biphasic, Cavity‐forming Polymer Particles via Dispersion Copolymerization of Styrene and Sulfobetaine Methacrylate
Authors: Hamilton Heather S.C. , Meissner Cornelia , Emrick Todd , Bradley Laura C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA one‐step dispersion copolymerization technique is demonstrated to fabricate biphasic particles as an approach to streamline the production of particles with complex morphology. The model system studies a monomer feed of hydrophobic styrene and hydrophilic, zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) in a water/isopropanol cosolvent mixture. The resulting particles have a core–shell morphology that can be transformed, simply by washing the particles with water, into particles with a single surface opening connected to an interior cavity. Results indicate that particle morphology is dependent on the presence of nanoscopic SBMA‐rich aggregates in the initial reaction mixture to act as nucleation sites, forming an SBMA‐rich core encased in a styrene‐rich shell. Systematic study of the morphology evolution reveals that the difference in monomer solubility profile can be exploited to control compositional drift of the particle composition during copolymerization yielding copolymer with sufficiently different composition to form phase‐separated particle morphology. When SBMA is replaced with various ionic comonomers, the cavity‐forming morphology is observed when reaction conditions result in low solubility of the comonomer in the cosolvent mixture. Based on these results, design guidelines are developed that may be applied to a variety of systems requiring complex and responsive particles made from chemically distinct comonomer pairings.
Factors affecting the critical appraisal of research articles in Evidence‐Based practices by advanced practice nurses: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Tomotaki Ai , Sakai Ikuko , Fukahori Hiroki , Tsuda Yasunobu , Okumura‐Hiroshige Akemi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo describe factors affecting critical appraisal of research articles in evidence‐based practice by certified nurse specialists who were advanced practice nurses in Japan.DesignA descriptive qualitative study.MethodsFourteen certified nurse specialists with master's degree were included by a snowball sampling to maximize the variety of specialty fields for advanced practice nurses in Japan. Individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted between November 2016 and March 2017. Interview guides included the experience of evidence‐based practice and learning about critical appraisal.ResultsThe following four aspects were identified as factors affecting the critical appraisal of research articles in evidence‐based practices—individual beliefs and attitude, learning status, organizational readiness and availability of research evidence. Each factor included both positive and negative aspects for critical appraisal in evidence‐based practice.Patient or Public ContributionIf advanced practice nurses acquire knowledge/skills of critical appraisal, they would be able to select more appropriate care. This will increase to improve the health‐related outcome for patients or populations.
Integrative visualization of the molecular structure of a cellular microdomain
Authors: Goodsell David S. , Lasker Keren 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn integrative approach to visualization is used to create a visual snapshot of the structural biology of the polar microdomain of Caulobacter crescentus. The visualization is based on the current state of molecular and cellular knowledge of the microdomain and its cellular context. The collaborative process of researching and executing the visualization has identified aspects that are well determined and areas that require further study. The visualization is useful for dissemination, education, and outreach, and the study lays the groundwork for future 3D modeling and simulation of this well‐studied example of a cellular condensate.