bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional biogeography of fluvial fishes across the conterminous U.S.A.: Assessing the generalisability of trait–environment relationships over large regions
Authors: Brumm Kyle J. , Infante Dana M. , Cooper Arthur R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Compared to taxonomic approaches, traits‐based approaches are often implemented to gain a more mechanistic understanding of how biotic communities respond to changing environmental conditions, including landscape stressors. Studies evaluating trait–environment relationships have increased in prevalence over the last 2 decades, but such analyses have rarely been conducted across continental extents in which component regions exhibit substantial spatial variation in stressors and natural environmental conditions. Consequently, the role of biogeographic context in analyses of trait–environment relationships remains under studied. Here, we evaluated the generalisability of trait–environment relationships across the conterminous U.S.A. to advance our understanding of the functional biogeography of fluvial fishes. We sought to: (1) identify trait–environment relationships that were consistent regardless of regional differences in natural environmental conditions; and (2) address whether the multivariate structure of trait–environment relationships was comparable across regions.

We used RLQ and fourth‐corner analyses to identify significant trait–environment relationships across nine large ecoregions comprising the conterminous U.S.A. These statistical approaches provided a framework to analyse co‐variation among 16 functional traits (e.g., trophic ecology, habitat preference) and 17 environmental variables representing 597 stream fish species whose abundances had been recorded in 45,183 stream reaches between 1990 and 2019.

Trait–environment relationships varied among ecoregions such that few trait–environment relationships were consistent. Although some trait–environment relationships were significant in multiple ecoregions, the strength and multivariate structure of such relationships varied. These findings suggest that the functional traits most responsive to changing environmental conditions are determined by distinct biogeographic processes.

Our findings add to a growing consensus that functional traits‐based approaches are context dependent. Understanding the complex relationships between functional traits and environmental conditions across large geographic regions can inform ecological theory and improve conservation efforts at broad spatial extents.
Effect of tartary buckwheat and highland barley flours on the quality of glutinous rice cakes determined by nutritional composition, physical structure, sensory perception and flavour
Authors: Zhou Mei , Li Yanmi , Yuan Ziqi , Luo Liming , Ren Yuanhang , Zeng Qingchen , Qi Anyin , Huang Jingwei , Cao Xiaoning , Shi Zhiqiang , Wu Xiaoyong , Wu Qi , Ye Xueling , Liu Changying , Fan Yu , Hu Yichen , Peng Lianxin , Xiang Dabing , Zou Liang , Zhao Gang , Jin Tao , Wan Yan 
Published: February 2023

SummaryTartary buckwheat flour, highland barley flour and glutinous rice flour were utilised as the raw materials to prepare coarse‐cereal glutinous rice cakes. Their quality was compared to that of traditional glutinous rice cakes (made with japonica and glutinous rice flours), based on nutritional composition, physical structure and flavour. The addition of tartary buckwheat and highland barley flours significantly increased the contents of protein, total flavonoids and β‐glucan (P < 0.05). The tartary buckwheat flour gave the glutinous rice cakes a yellow‐green colour, and the coarse‐cereal glutinous rice cakes had better hardness and chewiness. Aldehydes, alcohols as well as ketones were the chief volatile flavour components of the coarse‐cereal glutinous rice cake. These coarse‐cereal glutinous rice cakes were more popular compared to the traditional glutinous rice cakes with evaluators on a sensory panel. This may give some guidance for the development of coarse‐cereal products, such as tartary buckwheat and highland barley.
A novel allocation strategy for the difficult‐to‐allocate donor: audit of deceased donor kidneys utilised for preemptive recipients within Western Australia
Authors: Kulkarni Rishabh , Wong Zo E. , Downing Jonathan , Swaminathan Ramyasuda , Chan Doris , Chakera Aron , Abraham Abu , Irish Ashley , Lim Wai , D'Orsogna Lloyd J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractKidney donor allocation can occasionally be difficult in Australia given a small population spread over vast distances. Therefore, between 2017 and 2019 our service allowed transplantation from deceased donors into local (same‐state) preemptive recipients, only if no well‐matched dialysis‐dependent transplant waitlist recipient was available. Transplantation using this novel allocation pathway was associated with good clinical and immunological outcomes.
Hyponatraemia caused by transient syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis to urinary retention
Authors: van der Bilt Floor , Alsma Jelmer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHyponatraemia is frequently seen in the emergency department, possibly caused by the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD). We report three cases in which we believe urinary retention with bladder distention caused hyponatraemia. Laboratory findings fulfilled the criteria for SIAD, for which no cause was found. Possibly pain or sympathetic nerve system activation leads to SIAD. Brisk diuresis occurred after placement of an indwelling urinary catheter with overly correction of sodium for which treatment was necessary. Clinicians should be aware that placement of an indwelling urinary catheter may prompt brisk water diuresis and a tendency to overcorrection.
Large‐scale building damage assessment using a novel hierarchical transformer architecture on satellite images
Authors: Kaur Navjot , Lee Cheng‐Chun , Mostafavi Ali , Mahdavi‐Amiri Ali 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper presents damage assessment using a hierarchical transformer architecture (DAHiTrA), a novel deep‐learning model with hierarchical transformers to classify building damages based on satellite images in the aftermath of natural disasters. Satellite imagery provides real‐time and high‐coverage information and offers opportunities to inform large‐scale postdisaster building damage assessment, which is critical for rapid emergency response. In this work, a novel transformer‐based network is proposed for assessing building damage. This network leverages hierarchical spatial features of multiple resolutions and captures the temporal differences in the feature domain after applying a transformer encoder to the spatial features. The proposed network achieves state‐of‐the‐art performance when tested on a large‐scale disaster damage data set (xBD) for building localization and damage classification, as well as on LEVIR‐CD data set for change detection tasks. In addition, this work introduces a new high‐resolution satellite imagery data set, Ida‐BD (related to 2021 Hurricane Ida in Louisiana) for domain adaptation. Further, it demonstrates an approach of using this data set by adapting the model with limited fine‐tuning and hence applying the model to newly damaged areas with scarce data.
Segmental stiff skin syndrome treated with secukinumab
Authors: Gelinas Alexa , Powell Julie , Lapointe Chantal , Coulombe Jerome 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSegmental stiff skin syndrome is a rare fibrosing scleroderma‐like disorder characterized by progressive indurations of the skin leading to joint contractures, decreased mobility, and pain. Treatment options are limited; we report a patient that showed improvement with anti‐IL17 biologic therapy.
The effects of signaling blockchain‐based track and trace on consumer purchases: Insights from a quasi‐natural experiment
Authors: Ying Hao , Peng Xiaosong (David) , Zhao Xiande , Chen Zhong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBlockchain‐based track and trace (BCT) is increasingly adopted in the retail supply chain. However, there is little rigorous empirical evidence quantifying the effects of BCT on consumer purchases or examining the heterogeneity of these effects with varying product‐related characteristics. Employing transactional data from a leading global e‐retailer that contains 540 stock keeping units (SKUs), we design a quasi‐natural experiment spanning 80 weeks to estimate the signaling effect of BCT (i.e., disclosure of the BCT to consumers) on consumer purchases. Drawing on the signaling theory, we propose that BCT can serve as an effective and reliable signal of the product quality and trustworthiness of the retailer. Our research uncovers significant positive effects of BCT on the average purchase quantity per buyer, the total number of buyers, the number of new buyers, and the number of unique visitors to the traced products. We also find nuanced moderation effects for two product‐related characteristics—namely, consumer review inconsistency and product origins—on the influence of BCT on consumer purchases. Specifically, the signal effectiveness of BCT is stronger for products with more inconsistent customer reviews that indicate greater information asymmetry. The effect of BCT for products sourced globally is magnified because of the high BCT signal reliability attributed to the unique properties of the blockchain. The heterogeneous effects of BCT by varying product‐related characteristics can inform managers in selecting the right products to implement BCT.
Milk protein ingestion does not enhance recovery from muscle-damaging resistance exercise in untrained males and females: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pearson Alice G. , Macnaughton Lindsay S. , Hind Karen 
Published: February 2023

Milk-based proteins are a common choice of post-exercise nutrition to enhance exercise recovery and adaptation. Peri-exercise milk protein ingestion may attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), which is a particular risk to untrained individuals. However, most research has been conducted with males, and due to potential sex differences in EIMD, research with both sexes is required. This parallel-group randomized controlled trial examined the impact of milk protein ingestion on recovery from EIMD. Untrained males and females performed a single bout of leg-based resistance exercise and consumed a milk protein (MILK-PRO: n = 4 males, n = 8 females) or isoenergetic control (CON: n = 4 males, n = 8 females) supplement over 4 days post-exercise (17 doses total). Maximum strength was assessed ≥3 wk pre- and 72 and 168 h post-exercise, and measures of leg circumference, range of motion, muscle soreness, pressure-pain threshold (PPT), and serum creatine kinase concentration ([CK]) were conducted pre-, immediately post-, and 24, 48, 72, and 168 h post-exercise. Resistance exercise induced mild muscle damage that was not attenuated with MILK-PRO relative to CON. Peak increases in [CK] and reductions in PPT were greater in males compared with females. Changes in other markers were comparable between sexes. We conclude that moderate resistance exercise in naïve individuals induces muscle damage without compromising muscle strength. We support sex differences in EIMD and emphasize the need for further research with both sexes. Milk protein ingestion was not beneficial for recovery from EIMD, thus alternative management strategies should be investigated. This trial was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov PRS (protocol ID: 290580A).
Lower bound on the time-to-mass ratio of closed circular motions around spinning and charged naked singularities
Authors: Hod Shahar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt has recently been conjectured that circular trajectories (geodesic as well as non-geodesic) around central compact objects are characterized by the time-to-mass universal lower bound $$T_{\infty }/M>{{\mathcal {C}}}$$

T
∞

/
M
>
C

, where $$\{T_{\infty },M\}$$

{

T
∞

,
M
}

are respectively the orbital period as measured by flat-space asymptotic observers and the mass of the central compact object, and $$\mathcal{C}=O(1)$$

C
=
O
(
1
)

is a dimensionless constant of order unity. In the present paper we prove that this dimensionless bound is respected by circular orbits around central naked singularities. Intriguingly, it is explicitly proved that the orbital-time-to-mass ratio $$T_{\infty }/M$$

T
∞

/
M

around a central super-spinning singularity remains finite even in the $$r\rightarrow 0$$

r
→
0

limit of circular orbits with infinitesimally small radial coordinates (which are characterized by a diverging time-to-radius ratio, $$T_{\infty }/r\rightarrow \infty $$

T
∞

/
r
→
∞

). In particular, we reveal the fact that the shortest orbital period around a super-spinning naked singularity is given by the dimensionless relation $$T_{\infty }/M=2\pi $$

T
∞

/
M
=
2
π

. In addition, we explore the functional behavior of the time-to-mass ratio of circular trajectories around super-charged (non-vacuum) naked singularities and prove that the dimensionless ratio $$T_{\infty }/M(r)$$

T
∞

/
M

(
r
)

is bounded from below, where M(r) is the gravitational mass contained within the orbital radius of the test particle.
Warm $$\beta $$-exponential inflation and the swampland conjectures
Authors: Santos F. B. M. dos , Silva R. , Costa S. Santos da , Benetti M. , Alcaniz J. S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe investigate theoretical and observational aspects of a warm inflation scenario driven by the $$\beta $$
β
-exponential potential, which generalizes the well-known power law inflation. In such a scenario, the decay of the inflaton field into radiation happens during the inflationary phase. In our study, we consider a dissipation coefficient ($$\varGamma $$
Γ
) with cubic dependence on the temperature (T) and investigate the consequences in the inflationary dynamics, focusing on the impact on the spectral index $$n_s$$

n
s

, its running $$n_{run}$$

n

run

and tensor-to-scalar ratio r. We find it possible to realize inflation in agreement with current cosmic microwave background data in weak and strong dissipation regimes. We also investigate theoretical aspects of the model in light of the swampland conjectures, as warm inflation in the strong dissipation regime has been known as a way to satisfy the three conditions currently discussed in the literature. We find that when $$\varGamma \propto T^3$$

Γ
∝

T
3

, the $$\beta $$
β
-exponential model can be accommodated into the conjectures.
Using an Interpretable Machine Learning Model to Predict Corifollitropin Alfa Protocol
Authors: Lai Hsing-Hua , Kuo Esther En-Shu , Li Ryh-Sheng , Chuang Tzu-Hsuan , Huang Yao-Cheng , Hsieh Jhih-Yuan , Chang T. Arthur , Huang Yulun , Hsieh Wen-Ting , Su Yan-Ru , Liu Mark 
Published: February 2023

Background: To demonstrate an interpretable machine learning (ML) model for a clinical prediction of corifollitropin alfa protocol. Methods: The retrospective study involved 1,221 cycles from 1,180 patients undergoing corifollitropin alfa protocol with oocyte retrieval events from a single in vitro fertilization (IVF) center. The ML models were assigned to the following tasks, which are the dosage of corifollitropin alfa, trigger type, the dosage of recombinant FSH (rFSH), the dosage of recombinant LH (rLH), the duration between the follow-up visit (FUV), and oocyte retrieval. Interpretable SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) were selected to analyze the input features. The ranking of the prediction powers from each input feature reveals the level of contribution to the model. Result(s): Two series of interpretable ML models were developed to predict classification tasks and regression tasks. The areas under ROC (AUC) for predicting the dosage of corifollitropin alfa and trigger type were 0.933 ([Formula: see text] CI 0.907–0.958) and 0.891 ([Formula: see text] CI 0.864–0.918), while accuracies were 0.944 and 0.904. The mean absolute errors (MAEs) that predict the dosage of rFSH, the dosage of rLH, and the duration between the FUV and oocyte retrieval were 97.08 IU (rFSH), 105.61 IU (rLH), and 0.45 days. Conclusions: The study demonstrates a set of interpretable ML models predicting tasks involved in corifollitropin alfa protocol. The potential for the clinical application is to provide consistency in corifollitropin protocol adjustments.
Predicting Cancer Risk from Germline Whole-exome Sequencing Data Using a Novel Context-based Variant Aggregation Approach
Authors: Guan Zoe , Begg Colin B. , Shen Ronglai 
Published: February 2023

Many studies have shown that the distributions of the genomic, nucleotide, and epigenetic contexts of somatic variants in tumors are informative of cancer etiology. Recently, a new direction of research has focused on extracting signals from the contexts of germline variants and evidence has emerged that patterns defined by these factors are associated with oncogenic pathways, histologic subtypes, and prognosis. It remains an open question whether aggregating germline variants using meta-features capturing their genomic, nucleotide, and epigenetic contexts can improve cancer risk prediction. This aggregation approach can potentially increase statistical power for detecting signals from rare variants, which have been hypothesized to be a major source of the missing heritability of cancer. Using germline whole-exome sequencing data from the UK Biobank, we developed risk models for 10 cancer types using known risk variants (cancer-associated SNPs and pathogenic variants in known cancer predisposition genes) as well as models that additionally include the meta-features. The meta-features did not improve the prediction accuracy of models based on known risk variants. It is possible that expanding the approach to whole-genome sequencing can lead to gains in prediction accuracy.Significance:There is evidence that cancer is partly caused by rare genetic variants that have not yet been identified. We investigate this issue using novel statistical methods and data from the UK Biobank.
The PARP1 Inhibitor AZD5305 Impairs Ovarian Adenocarcinoma Progression and Visceral Metastases in Patient-derived Xenografts Alone and in Combination with Carboplatin
Authors: Dellavedova Giulia , Decio Alessandra , Formenti Laura , Albertella Mark R. , Wilson Joanne , Staniszewska Anna D. , Leo Elisabetta , Giavazzi Raffaella , Ghilardi Carmen , Bani Maria Rosa 
Published: February 2023

PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have changed the management of patients with ovarian cancer and their effectiveness has been demonstrated especially in homologous recombination repair–deficient tumors. These first-generation drugs target PARP1, but also PARP2 and other family members potentially responsible for adverse effects that limit their therapeutic potential and restrict their use in combination with chemotherapeutic agents.We investigated ovarian cancer patient-derived xenografts (OC-PDXs) to assess whether malignant progression could be impaired by a novel inhibitor selective for PARP1 (AZD5305) and to assess the potential of its combination with carboplatin (CPT), the standard-of-care for patients with ovarian cancer.In BRCA-mutated OC-PDXs, AZD5305 achieved greater tumor regressions and longer duration of response as well as a superior impairment of visceral metastasis and improved survival benefit compared with the first-generation dual PARP1/2 inhibitors.The combination of AZD5305 plus CPT was more efficacious than single agents. Subcutaneously growing tumors experienced regression that persisted after therapy stopped. Combination efficacy was greater against tumors that did not respond well to platinum, even at a dose at which AZD5305 monotherapy was ineffective. The combination therapy impaired metastatic dissemination and significantly prolonged the lifespan of mice bearing OC-PDXs in their abdomen. This combination benefit was evident even when CPT was used at suboptimal doses, and was superior to full-dose platinum treatment.These preclinical studies demonstrate that the PARP1-selective inhibitor AZD5305 retains and improves the therapeutic benefit of the first-generation PARPi, providing an opportunity to maximize benefits for this class of anticancer agents.Significance:Selective PARP1i AZD5305 can exceed the efficacy of first-generation PARPi, which target both PARP1 and PARP2, and potentiates the efficacy of CPT when given in combination. AZD5305 alone or in combination with platinum delayed visceral metastasis, ultimately extending the lifespan of OC-PDX–bearing mice. These preclinical models mimic the progression of the disease occurring in patients after debulking surgery, and are translationally relevant.
Urbanization and mental health: A perspective from Riyadh City, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Altwaijri Yasmin A , Al-Subaie Abdullah S , Al-Habeeb AbdulHameed , Galea Sandro , Akkad Marya , Naseem Mohammad Talal , Bilal Lisa 
Published: February 2023

Background: While global studies demonstrated that features of urban living are associated with the risk of developing mental disorders, there remains a significant knowledge gap surrounding this topic in the Middle East and North Africa region. Aims: This study aims to assess the prevalence, severity, correlates, and treatment of mental disorders in Riyadh City by examining certain aspects of urban living such as exposure to traumatic events, early exposure to urbanization, and seeking treatment. Methods: The Saudi National Mental Health Survey is a community epidemiological survey in a nationally representative sample of citizens aged 15 to 65 in KSA. The World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3·0) was used to estimate the 12-month prevalence of common mental disorders. Results: The prevalence of any mental disorder in Riyadh City was 29.2%. The most common disorders were anxiety disorders and mood disorders. Female, young, and previously married respondents were at higher risk for developing mental disorders. Exposure to traumatic events was associated with all types of mental disorders. Only 2.9% of those with any mental disorder sought mental health treatments. Conclusions: We found a high prevalence of mental disorders in Riyadh City that could be attributed to certain features of urban living. These results may point to potential interventions in urban areas that can mitigate the adverse consequences of urban living and promote the salutogenic aspects of cities.