bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnitude and predictors of anemia among preschool children (36–59 months) in Atingo town, Jimma, Ethiopia
Authors: Sodde Fuad M. , Liga Abebe D. , Jabir Yasin N. , Tamiru Dessalegn , Kidane Rediet 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionAnemia is a serious public health concern that affects more than 25% of the world's population. It is still widespread and at its most severe in Ethiopia. This study pointed to identify the magnitude and predictors of anemia in preschool children in Atinago.MethodA structured interview and anthropometric metrics had been used in a cross‐sectional study to collect data from 309 preschool children using a systematic sampling strategy from May 10 to June 25, 2022. Frequencies, percentages, means, and a bar chart were created as descriptive statistics. Factors that were significant at the 25% level in univariate analysis were run through multiple logistic models. Odds ratios with respective 95% confidence intervals were developed to determine the relevant predictors.ResultThe majority (51.7%) of preschool children in Atinago town had anemia. The finding reveals that poor dietary diversity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02–3.07), children from families with food insecurity (AOR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.31–3.9), child–mothers used iron folate for less than 3 months during pregnancy (AOR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.07–3.48), households with more than five children (AOR = 1.880, 95% CI = 1.12–3.18), and stunted children (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.05–3.01) were highly susceptible to anemia.ConclusionThe findings indicate that anemia was a serious issue among preschool children in Atinago. Therefore, stakeholders should provide community‐based nutrition training on consuming diverse diets, dietary improvements in the home, consuming iron‐rich meals, and the like; encourage mothers to participate in early ANC follow‐up; and strengthen activities aimed at identifying households with food insecurity status.
Prolonged respiratory failure responds to conventional therapy in isolated homocysteine remethylation defects
Authors: Whitehouse Abigail , Rehsi Preeya , Hartley Louise , Grunewald Stephanie , Yilmaz Berna Seker , Pegoretti Baruteau Kelly , Yaman Ayhan , Thavagnanam Suren , Baruteau Julien 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIsolated remethylation defects are rare inherited diseases caused by a defective remethylation of homocysteine to methionine, preventing various essential methylation reactions to occur. Patients present with a systemic phenotype, which can especially affect the central and peripheral nervous systems leading to epileptic encephalopathy, developmental delay and peripheral neuropathy. Respiratory failure has been described in some cases, caused by both central and peripheral neurological involvement. In published cases, the genetic diagnosis and initiation of appropriate therapy were rapidly performed following respiratory failure and led to a rapid recovery of respiratory insufficiency within days. Here, we present two infantile‐onset cases of isolated remethylation defects, cobalamine (Cbl)G and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiencies, which were diagnosed after several months of respiratory failure. Disease modifying therapy based on hydroxocobalamin and betaine was initiated and shows a progressive improvement and enabled weaning off respiratory support after 21 and 17 months in CblG and MTHFR patients respectively. We show that prolonged respiratory failure responds to conventional therapy in isolated remethylation defects, but can require a sustained period of time before observing a full response to therapy.
Artificial Intelligence & Creativity: A Manifesto for Collaboration
Authors: Vinchon Florent , Lubart Todd , Bartolotta Sabrina , Gironnay Valentin , Botella Marion , Bourgeois-Bougrine Samira , Burkhardt Jean‐Marie , Bonnardel Nathalie , Corazza Giovanni Emanuele , Glăveanu Vlad , Hanchett Hanson Michael , Ivcevic Zorana , Karwowski Maciej , Kaufman James C. , Okada Takeshi , Reiter‐Palmon Roni , Gaggioli Andrea 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTWith the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), the field of creativity faces new opportunities and challenges. This manifesto explores several scenarios of human–machine collaboration on creative tasks and proposes “fundamental laws of generative AI” to reinforce the responsible and ethical use of AI in the creativity field. Four scenarios are proposed and discussed: “Co‐Cre‐AI‐tion,” “Organic,” “Plagiarism 3.0,” and “Shut down,” each illustrating different possible futures based on the collaboration between humans and machines. In addition, we have incorporated an AI‐generated manifesto that also highlights important themes, ranging from accessibility and ethics to cultural sensitivity. The fundamental laws proposed aim to prevent AIs from generating harmful content and competing directly with humans. Creating labels and laws are also highlighted to ensure responsible use of AIs. The positive future of creativity and AI lies in a harmonious collaboration that can benefit everyone, potentially leading to a new level of creative productivity respecting ethical considerations and human values during the creative process.
A tomato disease identification method based on leaf image automatic labeling algorithm and improved YOLOv5 model
Authors: Jing Jiaping , Li Shufei , Qiao Chen , Li Kaiyu , Zhu Xinyi , Zhang Lingxian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDTomato is one of the most important vegetables in the world. Timely and accurate identification of tomato disease is a critical way to ensure the quality and yield of tomato production. The convolutional neural network is a crucial means of disease identification. However, this method requires manual annotation of a large amount of image data, which wastes the human cost of scientific research.RESULTSTo simplify the process of disease image labeling and improve the accuracy of tomato disease recognition and the balance of various disease recognition effects, a BC‐YOLOv5 tomato disease recognition method is proposed to identify healthy growth and nine types of diseased tomato leaves. In the present study, the YOLOv5 model is improved by designing an automatic tomato leaf image labeling algorithm, using the weighted bi‐directional feature pyramid network to change the Neck structure, adding the convolution block attention module, and changing the input channel of the detection layer. Experiments show that the BC‐YOLOv5 method has an excellent image annotation effect on tomato leaves, with a pass rate exceeding 95%. Furthermore, compared with existing models, the performance indices of BC‐YOLOv5 to identify tomato diseases are the best.CONCLUSIONBC‐YOLOv5 realizes the automatic labeling of tomato leaf images before the start of training. This method not only identifies nine common tomato diseases, but also improve the accuracy of disease identification and have a more balanced identification effect on various diseases. It provides a reliable method for the identification of tomato disease. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Psychometric testing of the Persian version of the Nursing Care Quality Scale: A methodological study
Authors: Tehranineshat Banafsheh , Rivaz Mozhgan , Kargar Dolatabadi Esmaeil 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Cambodian Nursing Care Quality Scale.DesignMethodological design.MethodsThis study was carried out in several steps: a forward‐backward translation was done, face and construct validity was measured using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and the reliability was evaluated. A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 350 nurses from May 2021 to March 2022.ResultsThe exploratory factor analysis extracted six factors that explained 60.76% of the total variance. The six‐factor model is supported by confirmatory factor analysis. The Cronbach's alpha and the intra‐class correlation coefficient were 0.94 and 0.85, respectively.Patient or Public ContributionEvaluation of the quality of care can lead to the enhancement of the quality of nursing services and patient safety. This will subsequently increase the patients' and community satisfaction.
The impact of plasma enhancement on the deposition of carbon‐containing zirconia films by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Maaß Philipp A. , Bedarev Vitali , Chauvet Laura , Prenzel Marina , Glauber Jean‐Pierre , Devi Anjana , Böke Marc , von Keudell Achim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractZirconia layers are often used as thermal barriers. In recent years, depositions by chemical vapor deposition methods using a metalorganic precursor (MOCVD) have been primarily investigated. Here, we combine MOCVD with plasma activation ‐ plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD]) ‐ of the gas phase and/or the growth surface to lower the growth temperature and to allow for a flexible coating design. PECVD causes the precursor to be transformed into a chemically active species, yielding thin films with a five times higher sticking coefficient compared to MOCVD. This leads to the onset of crystallization at lower surface temperatures. Carbon is incorporated at oxygen sites, so that the crystalline structure of zirconia is preserved, but the electrical conductivity is affected. The thermal conductivity is like that of pure zirconia.
Resistant risk and resistance‐related point mutation in SdhC1 of pydiflumetofen in Fusarium pseudograminearum
Authors: Li Yiwen , Wang Yan , Li Xinyue , Fan Hengjun , Gao Xuheng , Peng Qin , Li Feng , Lu Liang , Miao Jianqiang , Liu Xili 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFusarium pseudograminearum is one of the dominant pathogens of Fusarium crown rot (FCR) worldwide. Unfortunately, no fungicides have yet been registered for the control of FCR in wheat in China. Pydiflumetofen, a new‐generation succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, exhibits excellent inhibitory activity to Fusarium spp. A resistance risk assessment of F. pseudograminearum to pydiflumetofen and the resistance mechanism involved have not yet been investigated.RESULTSThe median effective concentration (EC50) value of 103 F. pseudograminearum isolates to pydiflumetofen was 0.0162 μg mL−1, and the sensitivity exhibited a unimodal distribution. Four resistant mutants were generated by fungicide adaption, which possessed similar or impaired fitness compared to corresponding parental isolates based on the results of mycelial growth, conidiation, conidium germination rate, and virulence determination. Pydiflumetofen showed strong positive cross‐resistance with cyclobutrifluram and fluopyram but no cross‐resistance with carbendazim, phenamacril, tebuconazole, fludioxonil, or pyraclostrobin. Sequence alignment revealed that pydiflumetofen‐resistant F. pseudograminearum mutants had two single‐point mutations of A83V or R86K in FpSdhC1. Molecular docking further confirmed that point mutation of A83V or R86K in FpSdhC1 could confer resistance of F. pseudograminearum to pydiflumetofen.CONCLUSIONFusarium pseudograminearum shows an overall moderate risk of developing resistance to pydiflumetofen, and point mutation FpSdhC1A83V or FpSdhC1R86K could confer pydiflumetofen resistance in F. pseudograminearum. This study provided vital data for monitoring the emergence of resistance and developing resistance management strategies for pydiflumetofen. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Dual targeting of wild‐type p53 and gut microbiota by Magnolol represses key metabolic process and kills CRC cells
Authors: Ji Haixia , Qiao Ou , Zhang Yi , Wang Wenzhe , Han Xiaoyin , Zhang Xinyu , Liu Changxiao , Gao Wenyuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer cells consume considerable glucose quantities and majorly employ glycolysis for ATP generation. This metabolic signature (the Warburg effect) allows cancer cells to channel glucose to biosynthesis to support and maintain their dramatic growth along with proliferation. Currently, our understanding of the metabolic and mechanistic implications of the Warburg effect along with its relationship with biosynthesis remains unclear. Herein, we illustrate that the tumor repressor p53 mediate Magnolol (MAG) triggers colon cancer cell apoptosis. And MAG regulates the glycolytic and oxidative phosphorylation steps through transcriptional modulation of its downstream genes TP53‐induced glycolysis modulator and biosynthesis of cytochrome c oxidase, attenuating cell proliferation and tumor growth in vivo and in vitro. Meanwhile, we show that MAG cooperates with its own intestinal microflora characteristic metabolites to repress tumors, especially remarkably declined kynurenine (Kyn)/tryptophan (Trp) ratio. Besides, strong relationships of MAG influenced genes, microbiota, as well as metabolites, were explored. Therefore, we established that p53‐microbiota‐metabolites function as a mechanism, which enable therapy approaches against metabolism‐implicated colorectal cancer, in particular MAG as a prospective candidate for treating colorectal cancer.
Adaptive formation control architectures for a team of quadrotors with multiple performance and safety constraints
Authors: Hu Zhongjun , Jin Xu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, we propose a novel adaptive formation control architecture for a group of quadrotor systems, under line‐of‐sight (LOS) distance and relative distance constraints as well as attitude constraints, where the constraint requirements can be both asymmetric and time‐varying in nature. The LOS distance constraint consideration ensures that each quadrotor is not deviating too far away from its desired flight trajectory. The LOS relative inter‐quadrotor distance constraint is to guarantee that the LOS distance between any two quadrotors in the formation is neither too large (which may result in the loss of communication between quadrotors, for example) nor too small (which may result in collision between quadrotors, for example). The attitude constraints make sure that the roll, pitch, and yaw angles of each quadrotor do not deviate too much from the desired profile. Universal barrier functions are adopted in the controller design and analysis, which is a generic framework that can address system with different types of constraints in a unified controller architecture. Furthermore, each quadrotor's mass and inertia are unknown, and the system dynamics are subjected to time‐varying external disturbances. Through rigorous analysis, an exponential convergence rate can be guaranteed on the distance and attitude tracking errors, while all constraints are satisfied during the operation. A simulation example further demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed control framework.
A Reactive Oxygen Species‐Responsive Targeted Nanoscavenger to Promote Mitophagy for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Yang Zhimin , Shi Haoyuan , Cai Guoen , Jiang Sujun , Hu Zhiyuan , Wang Zihua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMitophagy modulators are proposed as potential therapeutic intervention that enhance neuronal health and brain homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, the lack of specific mitophagy inducers, low efficacies, and the severe side effects of nonselective autophagy during AD treatment have hindered their application. In this study, the P@NB nanoscavenger is designed with a reactive‐oxygen‐species‐responsive (ROS‐responsive) poly(l‐lactide‐co‐glycolide) core and a surface modified with the Beclin1 and angiopoietin‐2 peptides. Notably, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and Beclin1, which act as mitophagy promoters, are quickly released from P@NB in the presence of high ROS levels in lesions to restore mitochondrial homeostasis and induce microglia polarization toward the M2‐type, thereby enabling it to phagocytose amyloid‐peptide (Aβ). These studies demonstrate that P@NB accelerates Aβ degradation and alleviates excessive inflammatory responses by restoring autophagic flux, which ameliorates cognitive impairment in AD mice. This multitarget strategy induces autophagy/mitophagy through synergy, thereby normalizing mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, the developed method provides a promising AD‐therapy strategy.
A Robust n‐n Heterojunction: CuN and BN Boosting for Ambient Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Liu Jiameng , He Linghao , Zhao Shuangrun , Hu Lijun , Li Sizhuan , Zhang Zhihong , Du Miao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn n‐n type heterojunction comprising with CuN and BN dual active sites is synthesized via in situ growth of a conductive metal–organic framework (MOF) [Cu3(HITP)2] (HITP = 2,3,6,7,10,11‐hexaiminotriphenylene) on hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) nanosheets (hereafter denoted as Cu3(HITP)2@h‐BN) for the electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (eNRR). The optimized Cu3(HITP)2@h‐BN shows the outstanding eNRR performance with the NH3 production of 146.2 µg h−1 mgcat−1 and the Faraday efficiency of 42.5% due to high porosity, abundant oxygen vacancies, and CuN/BN dual active sites. The construction of the n‐n heterojunction efficiently modulates the state density of active metal sites toward the Fermi level, facilitating the charge transfer at the interface between the catalyst and reactant intermediates. Additionally, the pathway of NH3 production catalyzed by the Cu3(HITP)2@h‐BN heterojunction is illustrated by in situ FT‐IR spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation. This work presents an alternative approach to design advanced electrocatalysts based on conductive MOFs.
Synergistic Enzyme‐Mimetic Catalysis‐Based Non‐Thermal Sonocavitation and Sonodynamic Therapy for Efficient Hypoxia Relief and Cancer Ablation
Authors: Liao Min , Chen Fan , Chen Lin , Wu Zihe , Huang Jianbo , Pang Houqing , Cheng Chong , Wu Zhe , Ma Lang , Lu Qiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNon‐invasive cancer treatment strategies that enable local non‐thermal ablation, hypoxia relief, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production to achieve transiently destroying tumor tissue and long‐term killing tumor cells would greatly facilitate their clinical applications. However, continuously generating oxygen cavitation nuclei, reducing the transient cavitation sound intensity threshold, relieving hypoxia, and improving its controllability in the ablation area still remains a significant challenge. Here, in this work, an Mn‐coordinated polyphthalocyanine sonocavitation agent (Mn‐SCA) with large d‐π‐conjugated network and atomic Mn‐N sites is identified for the non‐thermal sonocavitation and sonodynamic therapy in the liver cancer ablation. In the tumor microenvironment, the catalytical generation of oxygen assists cavitation formation and generates microjets to ablate liver cancer tissue and relieve hypoxia, this work reports for the first time to utilize the enzymatic properties of Mn‐SCA to lower the cavitation threshold in situ. Moreover, under pHIFU irradiation, high reactive oxygen species (ROS) production can be achieved. The two merits in liver cancer ablation are demonstrated by cell destruction and high tumor inhibition efficiency. This work will help deepen the understanding of cavitation ablation and the sonodynamic mechanisms related to the nanostructures and guide the design of sonocavitation agents with high ROS production for solid tumor ablation.
Inorganic Sonosensitizers for Sonodynamic Therapy in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Cao Xianshuo , Li Minxing , Liu Qiyu , Zhao Jingjing , Lu Xihong , Wang Jianwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe rapid development of nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology has allowed the emergence of various therapeutic modalities with excellent therapeutic efficiency and biosafety, among which, the sonodynamic therapy (SDT), a combination of low‐intensity ultrasound and sonosensitizers, is emerging as a promising noninvasive treatment modality for cancer treatment due to its deeper penetration, good patient compliance, and minimal damage to normal tissue. The sonosensitizers are indispensable components in the SDT process because their structure and physicochemical properties are decisive for therapeutic efficacy. Compared to the conventional and mostly studied organic sonosensitizers, inorganic sonosensitizers (noble metal‐based, transition metal‐based, carbon‐based, and silicon‐based sonosensitizers) display excellent stability, controllable morphology, and multifunctionality, which greatly expand their application in SDT. In this review, the possible mechanisms of SDT including the cavitation effect and reactive oxygen species generation are briefly discussed. Then, the recent advances in inorganic sonosensitizers are systematically summarized and their formulations and antitumor effects, particularly highlighting the strategies for optimizing the therapeutic efficiency, are outlined. The challenges and future perspectives for developing state‐of‐the‐art sonosensitizers are also discussed. It is expected that this review will shed some light on future screening of decent inorganic sonosensitizers for SDT.
Homologous Heterostructured NiS/NiS2@C Hollow Ultrathin Microspheres with Interfacial Electron Redistribution for High‐Performance Sodium Storage
Authors: Li Qingping , Deng Ransha , Chen Yuxiang , Gong Juan , Wang Peng , Zheng Qiaoji , Huo Yu , Xie Fengyu , Wei Xijun , Yang Chenhui , Lin Dunmin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNickel sulfides with high theoretical capacity are considered as promising anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs); however, their intrinsic poor electric conductivity, large volume change during charging/discharging, and easy sulfur dissolution result in inferior electrochemical performance for sodium storage. Herein, a hierarchical hollow microsphere is assembled from heterostructured NiS/NiS2 nanoparticles confined by in situ carbon layer (H‐NiS/NiS2@C) via regulating the sulfidation temperature of the precursor Ni‐MOFs. The morphology of ultrathin hollow spherical shells and confinement of in situ carbon layer to active materials provide rich channels for ion/electron transfer and alleviate the effects of volume change and agglomeration of the material. Consequently, the as‐prepared H‐NiS/NiS2@C exhibit superb electrochemical properties, satisfactory initial specific capacity of 953.0 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, excellent rate capability of 509.9 mA h g−1 at 2 A g−1, and superior longtime cycling life with 433.4 mA h g−1 after 4500 cycles at 10 A g−1. Density functional theory calculation shows that heterogenous interfaces with electron redistribution lead to charge transfer from NiS to NiS2, and thus favor interfacial electron transport and reduce ion‐diffusion barrier. This work provides an innovative idea for the synthesis of homologous heterostructures for high‐efficiency SIB electrode materials.
High‐Throughput Mechanical Exfoliation for Low‐Cost Production of van der Waals Nanosheets
Authors: Sozen Yigit , Riquelme Juan J. , Xie Yong , Munuera Carmen , Castellanos‐Gomez Andres 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA method is presented for scaling up the production of flakes of van der Waals materials via mechanical exfoliation. Using a roll‐to‐roll setup and an automatized, massive parallel exfoliation process, adhesive tapes with a high density of nanosheets of van der Waals materials are produced. The technique allows for obtaining a good trade‐off between large lateral size and excellent area scalability, while also maintaining low cost. The potential of the method is demonstrated through the successful fabrication of field effect transistors and flexible photodetectors in large batches. This low‐cost method to produce large area films out of mechanically exfoliated flakes is very general, and it can be applied to a variety of substrates and van der Waals materials and, moreover, it can be used to combine different van der Waals materials on top of each other. Therefore, it is believed that this production method opens an interesting avenue for fabrication of low‐cost devices while maintaining a good scalability and performance.