bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peroxidase‐Like FeCoZn Triple‐Atom Catalyst‐Based Electronic Tongue for Colorimetric Discrimination of Food Preservatives
Authors: Li Heng , Sun Mengru , Gu Hongfei , Huang Juan , Wang Guo , Tan Renjian , Wu Rufen , Zhang Xinyu , Liu Shuhu , Zheng Lirong , Chen Wenxing , Chen Zhengbo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecently, single‐atom catalysts are attracting much attention in sensor field due to their remarkable peroxidase‐ or oxidase‐like activities. Herein, peroxidase‐like FeCoZn triple‐atom catalyst supported on S‐ and N‐doped carbon derived from ZIF‐8 (FeCoZn‐TAC/SNC) serves as a proof‐of‐concept nanozyme. In this paper, a dual‐channel nanozyme‐based colorimetric sensor array is presented for identifying seven preservatives in food. Further experiments reveal that the peroxidase‐like activity of the FeCoZn TAzyme enables it to catalyze the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and o‐phenylenediamine (OPD) in the presence of H2O2, yielding the blue oxTMB and yellow oxOPD, respectively. However, food preservatives are adsorbed on the nanozyme surface through π–π stacking interaction and hydrogen bond, and the reduction in catalytic activity of FeCoZn TAzyme causes differential colorimetric signal variations, which provide unique “fingerprints” for each food preservative.
Anchoring and Catalytic Effects of rGO Supported VS2 Nanosheets Enable High‐Performance Li–Organosulfur Battery
Authors: Zhang Ping , Fu Yongzhu , Guo Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs a high‐energy‐density cathode material, organosulfur has great potential for lithium batteries. However, their practical application is plagued by electronic/ionic insulation and sluggish redox kinetics. Hence, our strategy is to design a self‐weaving, freestanding host material by introducing reduced graphene oxide–supported VS2 nanosheets (VS2‐rGO) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for lithium–phenyl tetrasulfide (Li–PTS) batteries. Unique host materials not only provide physicochemical confinement of active materials to boost the utilization but also catalyze the conversion of active materials to accelerate redox kinetics. Therefore, Li–PTS cell based on the 3D VS2‐rGO‐CNTs (VSGC) host material shows excellent cyclability, with a slow capacity decay rate of 0.08% per cycle over 500 cycles at 0.5 C, and a high areal capacity of 3.1 mAh cm−2 with the PTS loading of 7.2 mg cm−2. More importantly, the potential for practical applications is highlighted by the flexible pouch cell with a high areal capacity (4.1 mAh cm−2) and a low electrolyte/PTS ratio (3.5 µL mg−1). This work sheds light on elevating the electrochemical performance of Li–organosulfur batteries through the effective catalytic and adsorbed host material.
Bacillus altitudinis‐Stabilized Multifarious Copper Nanoparticles Prevent Bacterial Fruit Blotch in Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.): Direct Pathogen Inhibition, In Planta Particles Accumulation, and Host Stomatal Immunity Modulation
Authors: Noman Muhammad , Ahmed Temoor , White Jason C. , Nazir Muhammad Mudassir , Azizullah  , Li Dayong , Song Fengming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe nano‐enabled crop protecting agents have been emerging as a cost‐effective, eco‐friendly, and sustainable alternative to conventional chemical pesticides. Here, the antibacterial activity and disease‐suppressive potential of biogenic copper nanoparticles (bio‐CuNPs) against bacterial fruit blotch (BFB), caused by Acidovorax citrulli (Ac), in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) is discussed. CuNPs are extracellularly biosynthesized using a locally isolated bacterial strain Bacillus altitudinis WM‐2/2, and have spherical shapes of 29.11–78.56 nm. Various metabolites, such as alcoholic compounds, carboxylic acids, alkenes, aromatic amines, and halo compounds, stabilize bio‐CuNPs. Foliar application of bio‐CuNPs increases the Cu accumulation in shoots/roots (66%/27%), and promotes the growth performance of watermelon plants by improving fresh/dry weight (36%/39%), through triggering various imperative physiological and biochemical processes. Importantly, bio‐CuNPs at 100 µg mL−1 significantly suppress watermelon BFB through balancing reactive oxygen species system, improving photosynthesis capacity, and modulating stomatal immunity. Bio‐CuNPs show obvious antibacterial activity against Ac by inducing oxidative stress, biofilm inhibition, and cellular integrity disruption. These findings demonstrate that bio‐CuNPs can suppress watermelon BFB through direct antibacterial activity and induction of active immune response in watermelon plants, and highlight the value of this approach as a powerful tool to increase agricultural production and alleviate food insecurity.
Reinforced concrete beam‐columns anchored with headed bars subjected to reversed cyclic loading: Experimental and numerical investigation
Authors: Chourasia Ajay , Singhal Shubham , Parashar Jalaj , Chourasia Akshat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPast seismic events have shown poor performance of reinforced concrete (RC) moment resisting frames, due to failure of beam‐column joints, attributed to insufficient anchorage and poor workmanship. Inadequate development length in beam‐column joints may lead to joint strength deterioration due to detailing constraints and site errors. Alternatively, headed bars have potential to replace conventional anchorage system of development length in beam‐column joint. The paper deals with extensive experimental and numerical program conducted on RC beam‐column joints with plain and deformed (grooved and ribbed) headed bars and compared with the specimens with conventional development length. Effect of steel fibers on strength of RC beam‐column joints is also investigated. The test specimens of beam‐column joints were subjected to displacement‐controlled reversed cyclic loading and structural behavior was assessed in terms of failure mode, load carrying capacity, stiffness, drift, ductility, and energy dissipation. The strength parameters of headed bar specimens were well comparable to that of conventional specimens. Grooved‐headed and ribbed‐headed bar specimens exhibited superior load resistance as compared with plain‐headed bar specimens. Numerical analysis was carried out, whose results were in agreement with the experimental results, thus demonstrating the efficacy of headed bars as mechanical anchorage system for RC beam‐column joints.
Design and assessment of concrete structures with strut‐and‐tie models and stress fields: From simple calculations to detailed numerical analysis
Authors: Lourenço Miguel Sério , Fernández Ruiz Miguel , Blaauwendraad Johan , Bousias Stathis , Hoang Linh Cao , Mata‐Falcón Jaime , Meléndez Carlos , Mihaylov Boyan I. , Ferreira Miguel Pedrosa , Faria Duarte Viúla 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe introduction of strut‐and‐tie models in fib Model Code 1990 as a design basis for discontinuity regions constituted a significant step toward promoting consistent design methods for reinforced concrete structures. In fib Model Code 2010, the scope was broadened through the stress field method that was introduced as a complementary tool. The present article summarizes subsequent evolutions in both methods, which will be incorporated in the upcoming fib Model Code 2020. Besides emphasizing their suitability for the structural design and assessment, their adaptability to the “Levels‐of‐approximation” approach is also depicted. This article presents the theoretical ground of both methods and looks on their potential for computer‐modeling implementation. With this respect, several strategies are presented by discussing their advantages and optimum field of application.
Visiting the roles of Sr‐ or Ca‐ doping on the oxygen reduction reaction activity and stability of a perovskite cathode for proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Hu Tong , Xu Yangsen , Xu Kang , Zhu Feng , Chen Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhile double perovskites of PrBaCo2O6 (PBC) have been extensively developed as the cathodes for proton‐conducting solid oxide fuel cells (H‐SOFCs), the effects of Sr‐ or Ca‐doping at the A site on the activity and stability of the oxygen reduction reaction are yet to be fully studied. Here, the effect of A‐site doping on the oxygen reduction reaction activity and stability has been studied by evaluating the performance of both symmetrical and single cells. It is shown that Ca‐doped PBC (PrBa0.8Ca0.2Co2O6, PBCC) shows a slightly smaller polarization resistance (0.076 Ω cm2) than that (0.085 Ω cm2) of Sr‐doped PBC (PrBa0.8Sr0.2Co2O6, PBSC) at 700°C in wet air. Moreover, the degradation rate of PBCC is 0.0003 Ω cm2 h−1 (0.3% h−1) in 100 h, about 1/10 of that of PBSC at 700°C in wet air. In addition, it is also confirmed that single cells with PBCC cathode show higher peak power density (1.22 W cm−2 vs. 1.08 W cm−2 at 650°C) and better durability (degradation rate of 0.1% h−1 vs. 0.13% h−1) than those with PBSC cathode. The distribution of relaxation time analyses suggests that the better stability of the PBCC electrode may come from the fast and stable surface oxygen exchange process in the medium frequency range of the electrochemical impedance spectrum.
Recent applications of Kampo treatment for neurological diseases
Authors: Muramatsu Shin‐ichi , Tamada Mayumi , Harada Yoshinao , Raimura Masaki , Kwon Seungwon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough various new drugs have been developed for neurological diseases, many diseases have no effective treatment or only inadequate efficacy. Here we introduce some examples of effective Kampo treatment.Key Findings(1) Parasomnia in the elderly is preceded by the onset of diffuse Lewy body disease, with symptoms such as nightmares and loud screaming in the middle of the night. Keishikaryukotsuboreito (KSTRB), indicated in the classics for treating parasomnia, was effective in alleviating the symptoms. KSTRB is also used for enuresis that persists into adulthood. (2) Chronic subdural hematomas (CSDHs), treated by hematoma removal with burr‐hole surgery, recur at a rate of up to 20%. Goreisan (GRS) reduces hematoma volume and prevents postoperative CSDH recurrence. Homogeneous CSDH was most responsive to GRS in preventing recurrence. (3) Migraine frequently interferes with daily life. Keishibukuryogan (KBG), which alleviates blood stasis, was effective for patients with both menstruation‐associated migraine and scintillating scotomas. (4) Many traditional herbal medicines are listed in the Korean Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline for Stroke in Korea. Chunghyuldan, a related formula of Orengedokuto (OGT), is mainly used to prevent stroke.ConclusionKampo medicine is being applied in new and effective ways to treat various neurological diseases. Hopefully, more clinicians will recognize the usefulness of such Kampo medicines and utilize them in their daily practice.
Glyphosate metabolism in Tetrahymena thermophila: A shotgun proteomic analysis approach
Authors: Manan Abdul , Roytrakul Sittiruk , Charoenlappanit Sawanya , Poolpak Toemthip , Ounjai Puey , Kruatrachue Maleeya , Yang Kwang Mo , Pokethitiyook Prayad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicides in the world. However, because of its overuse and resistance to degradation, high levels of glyphosate residues in the environment are reported. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of glyphosate on proteomic aspects of Tetrahymena thermophila and their uses as bioindicators of freshwater ecosystem. First, an acute toxicity test was performed to determine the median inhibition concentration (IC50). The toxicity test results showed that glyphosate inhibited the growth (proliferation) of T. thermophila. The 96 h‐IC50 value of glyphosate was 171 mg L−1. No visible changes in aggregation behavior and cell morphology were observed under glyphosate exposure. In addition, the effects of low and high dose glyphosate concentrations (77.5 mg L−1, 171 mg L−1) on the proteomic changes of T. thermophila was investigated using a label‐free shotgun proteomic approach. A total of 3191 proteins were identified, 2791 proteins were expressed in the control, 2651 proteins were expressed in 77.5 mg L−1 glyphosates, and 3012 proteins were expressed in 171 mg L−1 glyphosates. Under glyphosate exposure at both low and high dose glyphosate, 400 unique proteins were upregulated. The majority of these proteins was classified as proteins associated with oxidative stress response and intracellular transport indicating the shifts in the internal metabolism. Proteomics revealed that the glyphosate metabolism by T. thermophila is a multi‐step process involving several enzymes, which can be divided into four phases, including modification (phase I), conjugation (phase II), transport (phase III), and degradation (phase IV). The accumulation of various biochemical reactions contributes to overall glyphosate resistance. With the proteomics approach, we have found that T. thermophila was equipped with glyphosate detoxification and degradation mechanisms.
Innovative nanotheranostics: Smart nanoparticles based approach to overcome breast cancer stem cells mediated chemo‐ and radioresistances
Authors: Kola Prithwish , Nagesh Prasanth Kumar Bhusetty , Roy Pritam Kumar , Deepak K. , Reis Rui Luis , Kundu Subhas C. , Mandal Mahitosh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe alarming increase in the number of breast cancer patients worldwide and the increasing death rate indicate that the traditional and current medicines are insufficient to fight against it. The onset of chemo‐ and radioresistances and cancer stem cell‐based recurrence make this problem harder, and this hour needs a novel treatment approach. Competent nanoparticle‐based accurate drug delivery and cancer nanotheranostics like photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, chemodynamic therapy, and sonodynamic therapy can be the key to solving this problem due to their unique characteristics. These innovative formulations can be a better cargo with fewer side effects than the standard chemotherapy and can eliminate the stability problems associated with cancer immunotherapy. The nanotheranostic systems can kill the tumor cells and the resistant breast cancer stem cells by novel mechanisms like local hyperthermia and reactive oxygen species and prevent tumor recurrence. These theranostic systems can also combine with chemotherapy or immunotherapy approaches. These combining approaches can be the future of anticancer therapy, especially to overcome the breast cancer stem cells mediated chemo‐ and radioresistances. This review paper discusses several novel theranostic systems and smart nanoparticles, their mechanism of action, and their modifications with time. It explains their relevance and market scope in the current era.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
A Sea, a Canal, a Disaster: The Suez Canal and the Transformation of the Mediterranean Biota
Authors: Galil Bella S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe introduction of non-native species is among the main direct drivers of biodiversity change. Off the Israeli coast 445 non-native species were recorded thus far, more than anywhere in the Mediterranean Sea. The number of recorded introductions has been rising inexorably, tripling since the 1970s. Nearly all have been introduced through the ever-enlarged Suez Canal. Worldwide there is no other vector of marine bioinvasions that delivers as high a propagule supply for so long to a certain locale. Once established, the non-native species are unlikely to be contained or controlled and their impacts are irreversible. The Canal-introduced species form prominent micro-communities and biological facies in most littoral habitats, some have been documented to displace or reduce populations of native species, alter community structure and food webs, change ecosystem functioning and the consequent provision of goods and services—profound ecological impacts that undermine the goals of sustainable blue economy in the Mediterranean Sea.These species have been spreading throughout the Mediterranean Sea while the Israeli shelf serves as a hotspot, beachhead, and dispersal hub. Their spatial and temporal spread has advanced concurrently with successive enlargements of the Suez Canal, rise in mean seawater temperature, and prevalence, duration, and severity of marine heat waves increase. The invasion poses a challenge to the environmental ethics and policies of the Mediterranean countries. As signatories to the Convention on Biological Diversity these countries are required to prevent the introduction of, control or eradicate alien species which threaten ecosystems, habitats or species (Article 8(h)), and ensure that the environmental consequences of their policies that are likely to have significant adverse effects on biological diversity are taken into account (Article 14.1). The present Egyptian government is in a position to reduce future introductions. Egypt announced the development of 35 desalination plants, of which the first 17 plants will add 2.8 million m3 daily capacity. It is suggested that an environmental impact assessment evaluates the environmental and economic consequences of utilizing the brine effluents from the large-scale desalination plants constructed in the vicinity of the Suez Canal to restore the salinity barrier once posed by the Bitter Lakes.
The Butterfly Effect: The Influence of the Nixon Administration’s Preoccupation with Vietnam on Sadat’s February 1971 Proposal to Reopen the Suez Canal
Authors: Blanga Yehuda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the present chapter is to investigate Sadat's February 1971 political initiative and the United States' and Israel's response to it. Its main objective is to examine how processes within the inner American arena have influenced the formation of the Israeli policy toward Sadat's diplomatic initiative. In other words, how the two-headed nature of the American foreign policy—the State Department versus the White House—regarding the Middle East and the Vietnam War influenced the decision-making process in Israel.
Israel’s Freedom of Passage in the Suez Canal, 1957–1967
Authors: Barak Eitan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFollowing the Suez War, Israel demanded freedom of passage through the Suez Canal. By July 1957, a tacit understanding was reached in which Egypt acquiesced to passage of Israeli goods on foreign ships. Nevertheless, in March 1959, the Egyptians suddenly breached the agreement. The UNSG subsequently formulated a new tacit arrangement: the “effective stand.” Egypt refused to “play the game” while Israel refrained from military response, recognizing that such a response could endanger the two countries’ only shared interest: an aversion to war.
The Impact of the Suez Canal on Egypt’s Geography and Economy, 1867–2019 (150 Years Since Its Opening)
Authors: Soffer Arnon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe assume in this article that the geographical location and special international role of the Suez Canal had and still has great potential for strengthening the Egyptian economy in general and for the development of the Canal area in particular. On the 150th anniversary of the inauguration of the Suez Canal, the article attempts to see if the potential has materialized, at least in part. We find that, despite the very large gap discovered between expectations and reality, there are achievements to point to: The Canal is an unusually important source of income for Egypt, the construction of the Canal led to the establishment of three major cities, in the three Canal cities, new industrial areas have been established, accompanied by modern infrastructure, along the cities, modern bridges and tunnels have been built that effectively connect the West and East banks of the Canal, and Egypt has invested tremendous efforts in agricultural development of all periphery areas. The Canal area has received special treatment. There is a new five-year plan for the development of the area, a plan in which large investments are made in the area with high expectations.
Introduction
Authors: Čtvrtník Mikuláš 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe mission of archives and records management is not just to collect and store materials and information. Their purpose is also to make them accessible. Archives are one of the most important places where the right of a free society to access to information, the right to know and, with it, the freedom of expression are exercised. However, both the collection and preservation of information, including archiving, and the opening of access to it, enter the area of the protection of personality rights, privacy, and personal data, that is, one of the most complex areas of archiving and records management, in a significant way. This is also due to the fact that at the very heart of the issue is the fundamental tension: On the one hand, the collected and preserved public records and archives, including a wide range of personal and sensitive data, serve a plethora of public interests and the exercise of citizens’ rights; on the other hand, they carry an ever-present latent risk of potential misuse, including very serious forms with serious implications for people’s lives and rights. This can be generally expressed in the form of a paradox: By sharing data about themselves, whether to the state, its authorities, private entities, and other people, individuals exercise and protect their rights, including the protection of their personality rights and privacy. The same act, however, puts them at risk of misuse. Yet, if an individual did not share their data, they would not be able to exercise their rights at all.
Personality Rights, Privacy, and Post-mortem Privacy Protection in Archives: France and United Kingdom
Authors: Čtvrtník Mikuláš 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe chapter concentrates on personality rights, privacy, and post-mortem privacy protection in France and the United Kingdom. The French archival system applies several tools to protect the personality and privacy of the actors of archival materials. One of the tools at the basic level is the system of closure periods. On the one hand, France liberalised access to records, in a ground-breaking move in 2008, when it removed general closure periods which prevented access to the archives for 30 years after the record was created. However, France has maintained several closure periods for certain selected groups of archives. The second level of protection is represented by the French specific system of access to public archives under the “accès par dérogation”, which will be, among other things, examined in this chapter. Alongside France, the chapter will analyse the situation in the United Kingdom characterised by a highly decentralised system of access to public records, archives, and information in general. The specificity of the British model of access to archives and data protection lies in the establishment of multiple, multi-layered, and multi-faceted testing and examining public interest in the area of access to public records and archives. This is done in several phases; the first phase is carried out by the record and information creator, and the second phase then in the case of historical records (i.e., in the British legal system, records created more than 20 years ago) by the archives and at certain points at the national level by a specialised independent body: the Advisory Council on National Records and Archives. The chapter will demonstrate in detail the specificity of the British approach characterised by multi-faceted control and the existence of a range of mechanisms that guarantee the application of multiple public interests entering the field of access to records and information from different sides and perspectives.