bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic, sex, and age on temporomandibular disorders subtypes in East Asian patients: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Yap Adrian Ujin , Park Ji Woon , Lei Jie , Liu Chengge , Kim Seong Hae , Lee Byeong-min , Fu Kai Yuan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite its major existential, societal, and health impacts, research concerning the COVID-19 pandemic and Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) is still limited. This study examined the effect of the pandemic on TMD subtypes and elucidated the influence of the pandemic, sex, and age on the prospect of pain-related (PT) and/or intra-articular (IT) TMDs in East Asian patients.

Methods
Data were accrued from consecutive new patients attending two university-based TMD/orofacial pain clinics in China and South Korea, 12 months before (BC; Mar 2019-Feb 2020) and during (DC; Mar 2020-Feb 2021) the COVID-19 pandemic. TMD diagnoses were derived from pertinent symptoms, signs, and radiographic findings according to the Diagnostic Criteria for TMDs (DC/TMD) methodology. Patients were subsequently categorized into those with PT, IT, and combined TMDs (CT) and also stratified by attendance period, sex, and age groups (adolescents/young adults [AY] and middle-aged/older adults [MO]) for statistical analyses using Chi-square/Mann-Whitney U tests and logistic regression analyses (α = 0.05).

Results
The BC and DC groups comprised 367 (75.2% females; 82.8% AY) and 471 (74.3% females; 78.3% AY) patients correspondingly. No significant differences in sex and age group distributions were observed. The DC group had significantly more PT/IT conditions with higher prevalence of myalgia, headache, and degenerative joint disease than the BC group. Univariate analyses showed that PT/CT was associated with sex and age, whereas IT was related to the pandemic and age. However, multivariate analyses indicated that the odds of PT were affected by sex (OR = 2.52) and age (OR = 1.04) while the odds of IT (OR = 0.95) and CT (OR = 1.02) were influenced by age only.

Conclusions
The COVID-19 pandemic, as an impact event, did not influence the prospect of PT and/or IT. Sex and age appeared to play more crucial roles in the development of PT and IT/CT respectively.
Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection and associated factors among women of reproductive age attending a rural teaching hospital in western Uganda
Authors: Nang David Wol , Tukirinawe Happy , Okello Maxwell , Tayebwa Bekson , Theophilus Pius , Sikakulya Franck Katembo , Fajardo Yarine , Afodun Adam Moyosore , Kajabwangu Rogers 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
High-risk HPV is considered a major risk factor for the development of cervical cancer, the most common malignancy among women in Uganda. However, there is a paucity of updated epidemiological data on the extent of the burden and factors associated with hr-HPV infection among women of reproductive age. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of hr-HPV and associated factors among women of reproductive age attending a rural teaching hospital in western Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study from April to June 2022. A total of 216 women of reproductive age attending the gynecological outpatient clinic were consecutively enrolled. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect participant characteristics, cervical specimens were collected by clinicians, and molecular HPV testing was performed using the Cepheid Xpert HPV DNA test. Descriptive statistics followed by binary logistic regression were conducted using SPSS version 22.

Results
The prevalence of hr-HPV was 16.67%. Other hr-HPV types other than HPV 16 and 18 were predominant, with a prevalence of 10.6%; HPV 18/45 (2.31%), HPV 16 (0.46%), and 3.24% of the study participants had more than one hr-HPV genotype. On multivariate logistic regression, an HIV-positive status (aOR = 7.06, CI: 2.77–10.65, p = 0.007), having 3 or more sexual partners in life (aOR = 15.67, CI: 3.77–26.14, p = 0.008) and having an ongoing abnormal vaginal discharge (aOR = 5.37, CI: 2.51–11.49, p = 0.002) were found to be independently associated with hr-HPV infection.

Conclusions and recommendations
The magnitude of hr-HPV is still high compared to the global prevalence. HIV-positive women and those in multiple sexual relationships should be prioritized in cervical cancer screening programs. The presence of abnormal vaginal discharge in gynecology clinics should prompt HPV testing.
The relationship between physical activity and the severity of menopausal symptoms: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wu SongWen , Shi Yi , Zhao Qiao , Men Ke 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the relationship between physical activity and the severity of menopausal symptoms in middle-aged women in northwest China.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional online survey study. Using a snowball sampling method, 468 women aged 45 to 60 were recruited from northwest China and their demographic information was collected. The modified Kupperman Menopausal Index scale and International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form were used in this study. Random forest was used to rank the importance of variables and select the optimal combination. The direction and relative risk (odds ratio value) of selected variables were further explained with an ordinal logistic regression model.

Results
The prevalence of menopausal syndromes was 74.8% and more than one-half of the participants had moderate or severe symptoms (54.3%). The Mantel-Haenszel linear-by-linear chi-square test showed a strong and negative correlation between physical activity level and the severity of menopausal symptoms (P < 0.001). Random forest demonstrated that the physical activity level was the most significant variable associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms. Multiple random forest regressions showed that the out-of-bag error rate reaches the minimum when the top 4 variables (physical activity level, menopausal status, perceived health status, and parity) in the importance ranking form an optimal variable combination. Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that a higher physical activity level and a satisfactory perceived health status might be protective factors for menopausal symptoms (odds ratio (OR) < 1, P < 0.001); whereas perimenopausal or postmenopausal status and 2 parities might be risk factors for menopausal symptoms (OR > 1, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
There is a strong negative correlation between physical activity and the severity of menopausal symptoms. The results have a clinical implication that the menopausal symptoms may be improved by the moderate-to-high level physical activity in the lives of middle-aged women.
“I haven’t had that information, even though I think I’m really well-informed about most things”: a qualitative focus group study on Australian women’s understanding and views of potentially modifiable risk factors for breast cancer
Authors: Nickel Brooke , Armiger Josephine , Saunders Christobel , Vincent Wendy , Dodd Rachael H , Temple Anthea , Bhola Nalini , Verde Angela , Houssami Nehmat 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Building health literacy about potentially modifiable risk factors for breast cancer may help to empower women to make more informed decisions about their breast health; however there has been limited qualitative research on this topic. This study aimed to explore current knowledge, understanding and experience of potentially modifiable risk factors for breast cancer, and views on current and future communication strategies for this information and related interventions.

Methods
Qualitative study using online focus groups via Zoom in October-November 2022. A diverse sample of women from the Australian community aged 40–74 years were recruited.

Results
Fifty-one women from a range of socioeconomic backgrounds took part in nine focus groups. General knowledge of risk factors for breast cancer in the community is limited, particularly in relation to modifiable factors such as alcohol consumption and postmenopausal obesity, with many women describing feelings of ‘shock’ following this information. Women overwhelming believed that information on modifiable risk factors for breast cancer should be communicated more widely, however communication preferences for receiving this information varied. There was a strong preference amongst the women for a cascade of information which they believed may then help target greater number of women of all ages and backgrounds. Despite worry about long-term compliance, women also supported various lifestyle interventions which may help them and other women to reduce their overall risk.

Conclusions
Findings from this study highlight the need for more widespread community communication and education about risk factors for breast, in particular potentially modifiable risk factors such as alcohol consumption and postmenopausal obesity. As breast screening programs in Australia and globally begin to evaluate the potential for risk-related screening this will provide an additional context for primary prevention, hence planning of messaging and piloting of lifestyle-related prevention strategies in breast cancer is needed now. Gaining an understanding of women’s preferences for communication and forms of interventions is vital to ensure their engagement.
LncRNA SATB2-AS1 overexpression represses the development of hepatocellular carcinoma through regulating the miR-3678-3p/GRIM-19 axis
Authors: Huang Jiang , Yang Yunfang , Zhao Fulan , Zhang Zhuo , Deng Jian , Lu Wei , Jiang Xian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy worldwide with one of the worst prognoses. Emerging studies have revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to HCC progression. This research probes the expression and regulatory effect of lncRNA SATB2-AS1 on HCC development. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to measure the SATB2-AS1 profile in HCC tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. The impact of SATB2-AS1, miR-3678-3p, or GRIM-19 on HCC cell proliferation, growth, migration, invasion, and apoptosis was determined by gain- and loss-of-function experiments. The results revealed that SATB2-AS1 was downregulated in HCC tissues, and its lower levels were related to higher tumor staging and poorer prognosis of HCC patients. SATB2-AS1 overexpression repressed HCC cell proliferation, induced G1 arrest, and apoptosis, and inhibited migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, SATB2-AS1 inactivated STAT3/HIF-1α and strengthened GRIM-19 expression. After knocking down GRIM-19 with small interfering RNA (siRNA), the malignant phenotypes of HCC cells were enhanced. Further bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-3678-3p was targeted by SATB2-AS1. The dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) experiment, and Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) test confirmed that SATB2-AS1 sponged miR-3678-3p and the latter targeted GRIM-19. The rescue experiments showed that miR-3678-3p aggravated the malignant behaviors of HCC cells, whereas SATB2-AS1 overexpression reversed miR-3678-3p-mediated effects. Inhibition STAT3 promoted SATB2-AS1 and GRIM-19 expression, and reduced miR-3678-3p level. Activation STAT3 exerted opposite effects. Overall, this study confirmed that SATB2-AS1 is a potential prognostic biomarker for HCC and regulates HCC devolvement by regulating the miR-3678-3p/GRIM-19/STAT3/HIF-1α pathway.
Gait training with a wearable powered robot during stroke rehabilitation: a randomized parallel-group trial
Authors: Miyagawa Daichi , Matsushima Akira , Maruyama Yoichi , Mizukami Noriaki , Tetsuya Mikio , Hashimoto Minoru , Yoshida Kunihiro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
We have developed a wearable rehabilitation robot, “curara®,” and examined its immediate effect in patients with spinocerebellar degeneration and stroke, but its rehabilitative effect has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of this device on gait training in stroke patients.

Methods
Forty stroke patients were enrolled in this study. The participants were divided randomly into two groups (groups A and B). The participants assigned to group A received RAGT with curara® type 4, whereas those in group B received conventional therapist-assisted gait training. The clinical trial period was 15 days. The participants performed 10 sessions of gait training (5 times per week) each lasting 30 ± 5 min per day. The 10-m walking time (10mWT), and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) were evaluated as the main outcomes. Timed up and go and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) were also examined. Gait parameters (stride duration and length, standard deviation of stride duration and length, cadence, ratio of the stance/swing phases, minimum/maximum knee joint angle, and minimum/maximum hip joint angle) were measured using a RehaGait®. The items other than BBS were measured on days 0, 7, and 14, whereas BBS was measured on days 0 and 14. The improvement rate was calculated as the difference of values between days 14 and 0 divided by the value on day 0. The improvement rates of the 10mWT and 6MWD were set as the main outcomes.

Results
The data of 35 participants were analyzed. There was no significant difference in the main outcomes between both groups at the end of gait training. As for intragroup changes, gait speed, stride length, stride duration, and cadence were improved significantly between days 0 and 14 in each group. When examining the interaction effect between the day of measurement and group, stride duration (p = 0.006) and cadence (p = 0.012) were more significantly improved in group A than in group B.

Conclusions
This novel wearable powered robot may have the potential to improve gait speed of individuals in stroke rehabilitation.

Trial registration
Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCTs032180163). Registered on February 22, 2019; https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs032180163.

UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000034237)
Registered on September 22, 2018; https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/icdr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000038939.
Mediastinal high-grade vasculogenic mesenchymal tumour with seminoma: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhanxian Shang , Yuchen Han , Jinzhi Wei , Lei Zhu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGerm cell tumours with somatic-type solid malignancy (GCT-STM) are a rare disease of the mediastinum. Recently, a cohort of vasculogenic mesenchymal tumour (VMT)-nonseminoma cases with different prognoses were recognized and reported. Here, we report a case of mediastinal high-grade VMT with a seminoma. A 16-year-old male had a fever, chest tightness and fatigue. Chest CT showed a 7.5 cm×5.3 cm solid mass in the right anterior mediastinum. The serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were within the normal range. Tumorectomy was performed. The tumour was irregular, and no capsule was found. The cut surface was greyish white and greyish brown with medium consistency. There were foci of bleeding and necrosis. Microscopic histology showed prominent vascular proliferation, which was lined by mildly atypical endothelial cells in a cellular stroma with significant cytologic atypia. The vascular spectrum varied from crevice-like or antler-like thin- to thick-walled vessels. Beyond the tumour area, inside the remnant thymus tissues, there were small clusters of polygonal tumour cells with clear cytoplasm, distinct cell membranes, and round to polygonal nuclei with prominent nucleoli that were positive for Oct4, PLAP, SALL4 and CD117. The patient did not receive any treatments pre- or postoperation, and his condition was stable without progression after 14 months of follow-up evaluation. Here, we added a new entity of GCT-STM of the mediastinum composed of VMT and seminoma. A better understanding of the pathological features of GCT-VMT could help pathologists improve their awareness of these rare diseases.
A case report of hepatic angiomyolipoma, inflammatory subtype. Clinico-pathological characterization: a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Velasco-Albendea Francisco Javier , Gil-Belmonte María Jesús , Estébanez-Ferrero Beatriz , Fuentes-Porcel Orlando , Nievas-Soriano Bruno José 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal neoplasm of a wide histological heterogeneity belonging to the PEComa “family.” The liver, after the kidney, is their second most frequent location. However, inflammatory hepatic AMLs constitute a rare entity, with only fourteen documented cases until 2020. These neoplasms can overlap morphological features of IgG4-related diseases, being of great diagnostic relevance to demonstrating myomelanocytic-lineage differentiation of the neoplastic cells. Case presentation: we present a new case of an inflammatory hepatic AML resembling an IgG4-related disease in a 35-year-old woman with a subcapsular 5 cm mass confined to segment VII of the right hepatic lobe. Although having reduced its size along the tumor’s natural evolution, complete tumor resection was decided due to its hypermetabolic behavior (max. SUV = 12,6) assessed by PET-CT scan. Finally, the patient underwent a right hepatectomy due to spontaneous rupture and bleeding of the lesion during the intervention. All the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures occurred in the last months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: This review aims to describe inflammatory hepatic AML histological and immunohistochemical features. We further sought to establish a clinicopathological contextualization of this tumoral subtype.
Epidemiological characteristics and trends in postoperative death in children with congenital heart disease (CHD): a single-center retrospective study from 2005 to 2020
Authors: Zheng Guilang , Wang Jing , Chen Peiling , Huang Zijian , Zhang Lei , Yang Aimei , Wu Jiaxing , Chen Chunlin , Zhang Jingwen , Sun Yueyu , Zhou Chengbin , Yuan Haiyun , Liu Xiaobing , Cen Jianzheng , Wen Shusheng , Guo Yuxiong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends in death after thoracotomy in children with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods
The clinical data of children with CHD aged 0–14 years who died after thoracotomy in our hospital from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2020, were retrospectively collected to analyze the characteristics of and trends in postoperative death.

Results
A total of 502 patients (365 males; 72.7%) died from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2020, with an average of 31 deaths per year. For these patients, the median age was 2.0 months, the median length of hospital stay was 16.0 days, the median postoperative time to death was 5.0 days, and the median risk adjustment in congenital heart surgery-1 (RACHS-1) score was 3.0. 29.5% underwent emergency surgery, 16.9% had postoperative ECMO support, and 15.9% received postoperative blood purification treatment. In the past 16 years, the deaths of children with CHD under 1 year old accounted for 80.5% of all deaths among children with CHD aged 0–14 years, and deaths (349 cases) under 6 kg accounted for 69.5% of all deaths. Age at death, weight, and disease type were characterized by annual changes.

Conclusions
The postoperative deaths of children with CHD mainly occurred in infants and toddlers who weighed less than 6.0 kg, and TGA and PA were the most lethal CHDs. The proportion of deaths has been increasing across the years among patients who are young, have a low body weight, and have complex cyanotic CHD.
Prosthetic valve endocarditis secondary to Tropheryma whipplei in a patient with chronic polyarthritis
Authors: Kahn Mauricio J. , Ennis David M. , Delgado Dennis G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Whipple’s disease is a chronic multisystemic infectious disease that rarely presents as culture-negative endocarditis. Most patients reported with Tropheryma whipplei endocarditis involve a native valve and few describe prosthetic valve disease.

Case presentation
A patient with chronic polyarthritis and previous mitral valve replacement developed decompensated heart failure without fever. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a prosthetic mitral valve vegetation and he underwent prosthetic mitral valve replacement. Blood and prosthetic mitral valve cultures were unrevealing. Broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the extracted valve and subsequent Periodic-acid-Schiff (PAS) staining established the diagnosis of T. whipplei prosthetic valve endocarditis.

Conclusion
Whipple’s disease may present as culture-negative infective endocarditis and affect prosthetic valves. Histopathology with PAS staining and broad-range PCR of excised valves are essential for the diagnosis. Greater clinical awareness and implementation of these diagnostic procedures should result in an increased reported incidence of this rare disease.
Differences in the presentation of COVID-19-related psychosocial stress and general psychological distress and the relation between the number of care days and these symptoms among Japanese ward staff working exclusively with COVID-19 and support staff
Authors: Nishihara Tomoe , Yoshihara Kazufumi , Ohashi Ayako , Kuroiwa Mika , Sudo Nobuyuki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Psychological distress has been frequently observed in frontline healthcare workers under stress during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic; however, it is unclear if there are differences in the stress and symptoms experienced by staff members who work exclusively in a COVID-19 ward and support staff temporarily deployed to a COVID-19 ward. The present study investigated psychosocial stress specific to the care for patients with COVID-19 and psychological distress among ward staff working exclusively with COVID-19 and temporary support staff.

Methods
The participants were full-time nurses and doctors working in COVID-19 wards or the ICU who provided face-to-face care to patients with COVID-19 during the COVID-19 outbreak in February of 2021. The data of 67 staff members (21 exclusively working with Covid-19 patients (group A) and 46 in the temporary support group (group B)) was available for study. Psychosocial stress specific to healthcare professionals during this COVID-19 outbreak (Tokyo Metropolitan Distress Scale for Pandemic [TMDP]) and general psychological distress (K6) were assessed.

Results
The K6 score was significantly lower in group B than in group A (p = .006), but no significant difference was found in the total score of TMDP or its subscales. Positive correlations were found between TMDP and K6 for group B (p = .011), as was the number of days of care on TMDP-social (rs = .456, p = .001).

Conclusion
Even though support staff members experienced lower psychological distress than staff working exclusively with COVID-19, COVID-19-related psychosocial stress specific to HCWs was comparable. The support staff also presented psychological distress associated with psychosocial stress specific to healthcare professionals during this COVID-19 outbreak, and the COVID-19-related social stress was enhanced as the number of working days increased. Our results show that all staff, not only those working exclusively with COVID-19 patients but also other support staff should be provided with care focusing on COVID-19-related psychosocial occupational stress.