bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penyebab Instabilitas Ekonomi-Politik di Negara-negara Kepulauan Akibat Pandemi Covid-19: Studi Kasus Maladewa dan Kepulauan Bahama
Authors: Rizki Kurnia Zulhandayani , Namira Risqi Putri Muquita  
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Covid-19 pandemic brings multi-sectoral impact which encourages economic weakening and carries political instability. In this case, developing countries are affected massively by the pandemic. Vulnerable economic stability and unsteady government management encourage the state to experience inability to adapt to the restriction imposed during pandemic. Some developing countries that are not depended on tourism as their economic spine, still have chance to recover through other sector than tourism. However, the phenomena during pandemic appear to be such a condition where developing countries, which are ‘tourism-dependent’, experience terrific economic contraction. Especially, the archipelagic state that rely on natural tourism as the main attraction. The archipelagic states that rely on tourism and experience economic contraction along with political instability are Maldives and Bahamas Islands.
Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic; Maldives; Bahamas Islands; archipelagic state.
ABSTRAK
Pandemi Covid-19 memberikan dampak multi-sektoral yang mendorong melemahnya ekonomi hingga mengganggu stabilitas politik negara. Dalam hal ini, negara-negara berkembang merupakan objek yang terdampak pandemi cukup masif. Stabilitas ekonomi yang rentan dan manajemen pemerintahan yang goyah mendorong negara kesulitan beradaptasi dengan pembatasan yang diberlakukan selama pandemi. Beberapa negara berkembang yang tidak menggantungkan perekonomiannya pada pariwisata masih dapat memulihkan perekonomiannya dengan mengembangkan sektor lainnya sebagai penopang. Akan tetapi, melihat fenomena yang muncul di masa pandemi, maka dapat dilihat negara-negara berkembang yang bergantung pada sektor pariwisata mengalami kontraksi ekonomi yang cukup hebat. Terutama negara-negara kepulauan yang mengandalkan wisata alam sebagai destinasi andalannya. Negara-negara kepulauan yang bergantung pada pariwisata dan mengalami kontraksi ekonomi dan instabilitas politik antara lain yaitu Maladewa dan Kepulauan Bahama.
Keywords: pandemi Covid-19; Maladewa; Kepulauan Bahama; negara kepulauan.
Petrology and Geochemical Features of Crystalline Rocks in Ora-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: OlaOlorun O. A. , Akinola O.O. , Oyinloye A.O. 
Published: April 2023

This research investigates and reports on the petrology and geochemical characteristics of crystalline basement rocks in Ora-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria. Exhaustive geological investigation reveals migmatite, banded gneiss, granite gneiss and biotite gneiss underlie the area. In reducing order of abundance, petrographic examination reveals that migmatite contains quartz, muscovite and opaque minerals. Banded geniuses contain quartz, biotite, plagioclase, and opaque minerals. Granite geniuses contain quartz, plagioclase, biotite, microcline and opaque; while biotite geniuses contain biotite, plagioclase, opaque minerals, and quartz. Silica contents in migmatite (69.50%-72.66%; ca. 71.23%), banded gneiss (71.66%-77.1%; ca. 75.23%), biotite gneiss (72.32%-76.18%; ca. 73.83%) and granite gneiss (69.82%-73.15%; ca. 71.95%) indicate the rocks are siliceous. High alumina contents in migmatite (12.18%), banded gneiss (10.28%), biotite gneiss (11.46%) and granite gneiss (9.97%) are comparable to similar rocks in the basement complex. All the rocks show Ba, Sr and Rb enrichment. Harker diagrams of Al2O3 versus SiO2 and CaO versus SiO2 show negative trends while Na2O versus SiO2, K2O versus SiO2 and TiO2 versus SiO2 plots showed positive trends. This variation probably depicts extensive crystal fractionation in the magmatic systems that produced the rocks prior to metamorphism or partial melting of the precursor rock. SiO2 versus (Na2O + K2O) classifies the rocks as granite to granodiorite. The rocks are high K-calc-alkaline and calc-alkalic on SiO2-K2O plot. This shows the rocks are potassic meaningthat they are formed from a potassium-rich source. The plot of Al2O3/(Na2O + K2O) versus Al2O3/(CaO +Na2O + K2O) reveals the crystalline rocks are orogenic and originated from granitoid with meta luminous affinity. The rocks consist of gneisses of no economic minerals, but the petrology reveals them as common rocks typical of metamorphic terrains and geochemical features of the rocks reveal they are felsic and of granitic composition.
TINJAUAN HUKUM PENGENAAN BIAYA TAMBAHAN DALAM TRANSAKSI PEMBAYARAN MENGGUNAKAN KARTU MELALUI MESIN ELECTRONIC DATA CAPTURE (EDC)
Authors: Warauw Jaquelin Fransisca 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengenaan biaya tambahan yang diberikan kepada konsumen dalam transaksi pembayaran menggunakan kartu melalui mesin Electronic Data Capture (EDC) dan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis bentuk pengawasan Bank Indonesia terhadap merchant-merchant dalam transaksi pembayaran melalui mesin Electronic Data Capture (EDC). Tipe penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris yang dikaji dengan menekankan pada penemuan fakta-fakta di lapangan yang dijadikan dasar oleh penulis sebagai data yang diperoleh sesuai dengan kenyataan yang ada. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan wawancara, penyebaran kuesioner dan studi kepustakaan. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif dan disajikan secara deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa penegakan hukum atas pengenaan biaya tambahan yang dibebankan kepada konsumen dalam transaksi pembayaran menggunakan kartu melalui mesin Electronic Data Capture (EDC) belum berjalan sebagaimana ketentuan undang-undang. Hal ini disebabkan oleh faktor hukum, sikap pasif dari Acquirer untuk menjatuhkan sanksi kepada merchant, sarana dan prasana yang masih kurang untuk memberikan informasi dan sosialisasi kepada konsumen dan pelaku usaha, serta sikap konsumen yang sebagian besar menerima pengenaan MDR. Pengawasan Bank Indonesia terhadap merchant-merchant dalam transaksi pembayaran melalui mesin Electronic Data Capture (EDC) adalah meliputi pengawasan preventif yakni pemberian sosialisasi dan edukasi baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung kepada seluruh masyarakat dan pengawasan represif dilakukan melalui laporan yang disampaikan oleh bank penyelenggara hingga pemberian sanksi terhadap bank/acquirer yang tidak melaksanakan ketentuan di dalam PBI maupun ketentuan-ketentuan hukum lainnya. Kata Kunci : Biaya Tambahan, Electronic Data Capture.
Safety and immunogenicity of IMVAMUNE®, a third-generation vaccine based on the modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) strain
Authors: Stovba L. F. , Chukhralya O. V. , Chernikova N. K. , Khmelev A. L. , Borisevich S. V. 
Published: April 2023

In 1980, the World Health Assembly officially declared smallpox eradicated in the world, which allowed developed countries to stop preventive vaccination against this disease. However, circulating and emerging orthopoxviruses along with the lack of herd immunity prompt the need for emergency smallpox vaccines meeting the current requirements for biologicals.The aim of the study was to analyse the safety and efficacy of third-generation smallpox vaccines based on the MVA strain of vaccinia virus compliant with the current (stricter) immunogenicity and safety requirements in healthy subjects and especially in patients with underlying health conditions, considering the lack of herd immunity to orthopoxviruses.The authors analysed the existing experience with smallpox vaccines. The vaccines based on the modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) strain hold a special place amongst other third-generation vaccines, as this strain is safe and can be used for creating vector vaccines. Bavarian Nordic produces the MVA-based vaccine under three brand names (Imvanex in the EU, Jynneos™ in the USA, and IMVAMUNE® in Canada). According to the results of MVA-based vaccine clinical trials in healthy volunteers and patients with various underlying conditions, the main mild adverse drug reactions (erythema, pain, pruritus, and swelling) were mostly registered at the injection site. The systemic adverse drug reactions included fatigue, headache, myalgia, and chills; several subjects developed upper respiratory tract infections, nausea, and gastroenteritis, which resolved spontaneously within a day. MVA-based vaccines did not cause any cardiac abnormalities, including myo- or pericarditis. Thus, the vaccines may be used in patients with eczema, atopic dermatitis, inflammatory skin conditions, HIV, tuberculosis, cardiac abnormalities, as well as in children, adolescents, and pregnant women. The optimal intradermal immunisation dose was 1×108 TCID50. Two injections at this dose induced a pronounced humoral and cell-mediated immune response comparable to that induced by one administration of a first-generation smallpox vaccine. At this dose, the study vaccine also boosted pre-existing immunity conferred by a first-generation vaccine. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend Jynneos™ for preventing monkeypox in adults (18 years of age and older).
Social Media Twitter @BGRM Indonesia as a Medium of Information Communication and Outreach
Authors: Herlan Herlan , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Pratama Irfandi , Purnomo Eko Priyo , Fathani Aqil Teguh 
Published: April 2023

This study aims to analyze how social media, Twitter @BRGM Indonesia, is used as a communication medium for disseminating information and outreach and environmental campaigns related to peatland restoration and mangrove rehabilitation. This study uses a qualitative research approach with data analysis using the Nvivo 12 Plus software. This type of research data uses secondary data obtained and collected from @BRGM Indonesia’s twitter activity from March 2019 to October 2021, while supporting data is obtained from literature and social media. The research findings show that social media Twitter @BRGM Indonesia in its tweets is dominated by information related to peat restoration rather than mangrove rehabilitation. The findings reinforce that the previous BRGM was a BRG that focused on restoring peat after the great fires in 2015, and was considered to have completed its task in 2020, then added workload to rehabilitate mangroves. But the use of @BRGM Indonesia’s social media Twitter, still needs to be more effective, and the interaction only focuses on government agencies. At the same time, the information contained in the tweets mentioned does not match the contents.Keywords: Social media, environmental campaigns, peat restoration, mangrove rehabilitation, BRGM ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana media sosial Twitter @BRGM Indonesia digunakan sebagai media komunikasi untuk menyebarluaskan informasi dan sosialisasi serta kampanye lingkungan terkait restorasi gambut dan rehabilitasi mangrove. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan analisis data menggunakan software Nvivo 12 Plus. Jenis data penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dan dikumpulkan dari aktivitas twitter @BRGM Indonesia pada bulan Maret 2019 hingga Oktober 2021, sedangkan data pendukung diperoleh dari literatur dan media sosial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media sosial Twitter @BRGM Indonesia dalam cuitannya didominasi oleh informasi terkait restorasi gambut daripada rehabilitasi mangrove. Temuan itu memperkuat bahwa BRGM sebelumnya adalah BRG yang fokus memulihkan gambut pasca kebakaran hebat pada 2015, dan dianggap selesai tugasnya pada 2020, lalu menambah beban kerja untuk merehabilitasi mangrove. Namun penggunaan media sosial Twitter @BRGM Indonesia, masih perlu lebih efektif, dan interaksinya hanya terfokus pada instansi pemerintah. Sementara itu, informasi yang terkandung dalam tweet yang dibubuhi mention tidak sesuai dengan isinya.Kata Kunci: Media sosial, kampanye lingkungan, restorasi gambut, rehabilitasi mangrove, BRGM
Pengaruh Volume Lalu Lintas Terhadap Kinerja Ruas Jalan Pada Jalan Lambung Mangkurat
Authors: Tukimun Tukimun , Eswan Eswan 
Published: April 2023

Bagi pengemudi kendaraan, kemacetan akan menimbulkan ketegangan. Selain itu juga akan menimbulkan dampak negatif ditinjau dari segi ekonomi berupa kehilangan waktu karena waktu perjalanan yang lama serta bertambahnya biaya operasi kendaraan.Akhirnya timbul pula dampak negatif terhadap lingkungan yang berupa peningkatan polusi udara serta peningkatan gangguan suara kendaraan. Kondisi seperti yang disebutkan di atas berlangsung setiap hari terulama.pada saat jam puncak hari kerja di beberapa ruas jalan yang ada di Samarinda.Dari hasil evaluasi pada salah satu ruas jalan di Samarinda yaitu Jalan Lambung Mangkurat diperoleh volume lalu lintas tertinggi pada Hari selasa terjadinya jam puncak pada pukul 12.00-13.00 dengan jumlah kendaraan 1468.15 smp/jam, nilai kapasitas (C) = 3235 smp/jam, dan Derajat Kejenuhan (DS) tertinggi sebesar 0.45 dengan Tingkat pelayanan jalan pada level B
Factors predicting the motivation to study abroad in Turkish medical students: a causal investigation into the problem of brain drain
Authors: ERDOĞAN KAYA Ayşe , ERDOĞAN AKTÜRK Beyza , ASLAN Eda 
Published: April 2023

Aim: We aimed to examine the frequency of plans to practice medicine abroad in medical school students and the related variables, in relation to the recently increasing brain drain in physicians in our country.
Material and Method: A total of 82 volunteer students in the 5th and 6th grades were included in the study. Our study is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was directed to the participants about sociodemographic data, attitudes towards the medical profession, the reasons that make it difficult to practice medicine in our country, the idea of ​​working abroad, and the attractive features of abroad opportunities for students. In addition, the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale (WHOQOL-Bref) to measure the quality of life of the students and the Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) to measure the stress level were applied. The data were analyzed in SPSS (21.0) program.
Results: 56% Of the participants were female (n=46), 44% (n=39) were male, and the mean age was 24.07 ±1.65. Majority of the students (94%, n=77) stated that they thought of doing medicine abroad, and nearly half of them (46%, n=38) stated that they were determined on this issue. The answers given by the students to the question why they preferred medical school were as follows: Job guarantee (79%), income comfort (77%) and prestige (70%). Majority of the participants stated that they felt regret from time to time for choosing medical school (58.5%, n=48) and 45% (n=37) stated that they thought of leaving medical school in the past. The following answers were frequently given to the question of the most important reasons that make it difficult to practice the profession of medicine in our country: Heavy working conditions and long working hours (90%), verbal/physical violence against physicians (87%), mobbing and pressure applied by seniors/administrators in the workplace. (67%). The countries respondents considered to immigrate frequently were: Germany, UK and USA. The mean PSS-14 score of the participants was found to be 1.98±0.49, and there was no significant difference between those who thought to practice medicine abroad and those who did not. In the Pearson correlation test, it was determined that there was a significant and negative correlation between the WHOQOL-Bref and PSS-14 scores (r=-0.620, p
Аналіз переваг та недоліків застосування інтерактивних методів навчання у підготовці майбутніх лікарів
Authors: Гриценко Олена , Копчак Оксана 
Published: April 2023

Спершу пандемія COVID-19, а потім війна в Україні поставили під загрозу безперервне навчання та випуск лікарів в університетах. Сьогодні оптимізація медичного навчання є одним із найбільш актуальних питань, що стоять перед вищою освітою. Студенти повинні мати різноманітне навчання, щоб бути здатними впоратися з різними життєвими обставинами. Для цього навчальні заклади повинні трансформуватися відповідно до сучасних реалій, щоб краще підготувати студентів до життя у складному світі.
Análisis de la influencia del populismo punitivo en el derecho penal ecuatoriano
Authors: Racines-Vivas Melany 
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo de investigación analiza la influencia del populismo punitivo en el derecho penal ecuatoriano a partir del año 2008 hasta la actualidad. Las manifestaciones del populismo punitivo se han visto reflejadas en una serie de acontecimientos, como la consulta popular del año 2011, que incluyó preguntas para conseguir la tipificación del delito de enriquecimiento privado no justificado como un delito autónomo y la tipificación de la no afiliación al seguro social como una infracción penal. En el año 2014 se modificó totalmente el sistema penal a través de la expedición del Código Orgánico Integral Penal que trajo consigo un incremento de penas y tipificación de un mayor número de delitos en comparación al Código Penal anterior. En el año 2018 se realizó un referéndum y consulta popular en donde nuevamente hubo preguntas que tuvieron que ver con cuestiones penales como la imprescriptibilidad de algunos delitos. Finalmente, se consideran algunas consecuencias de la influencia del populismo punitivo, principalmente el aumento de la población carcelaria partiendo de cifras del 2008 y comparándolas con las más actuales. En esta investigación se utiliza un método cualitativo, se realiza un análisis teórico-doctrinario y crítico respecto a la técnica legislativa y también a la forma mediante la cual se han tipificado algunas infracciones penales en el Ecuador.
A potência da educação interprofissional a partir do Programa PET-Saúde: fortalecendo a formação profissional
Authors: Ribeiro Karine Pereira , Teo Carla Rosane Paz Arruda , Mattia Bianca Joana 
Published: April 2023

Introdução: a formação em saúde no Brasil tem se modificado ao longo dos anos, devido alterações nas dinâmicas e
complexidades da saúde no país. Sob esta perspectiva, a reorientação da formação na área da saúde ganhou ênfase e e vem buscando aproximar os processos pedagógicos das reais necessidades em saúde da população, na assistência prestada no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), tendo isto em vista, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi reconhecer repercussões do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde – PET-Saúde/Interprofissionalidade nos processos de formação profissional. Metodologia; Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com referencial teórico baseado em Paulo Freire e dados obtidos, em 2020, por fontes documentais e por Círculos de Cultura. Resultados: Foi possível compreender potencialidades e fragilidades vinculadas ao edital e aos projetos contemplados pelo mesmo, além de, identificar a potência do PET-Saúde em fortalecer a EIP na formação, tendo em vista, que esta, aprimora a assistência em saúde, por contribuir na ênfase ao diálogo, à aproximação e a resolutividade entre as diferentes categorias profissionais, buscando assim, construir um sistema de saúde mais equânime, justo e com acesso integral. Conclusão: percebe-se que investir em dispositivos como o Programa PET-Saúde/Interprofissionalidade contribui para a possibilidade de modificar o ensino, contextualizar a prática formativa e problematizar os avanços necessários no campo de formação em saúde
El reto de la aplicación de la terapia con linfocitos T modificados por ingeniería genética al tratamiento de tumores de órgano sólido
Authors: Solana López Irene 
Published: April 2023

La terapia con linfocitos T modificados por ingeniería genética se fundamenta en la inducción de la expresión en la membrana de linfocitos T extraídos del propio paciente de receptores quiméricos CAR o TCR. Estos receptores se diseñan para el reconocimiento específico de antígenos tumorales. Mientras que en el campo de la hematología la FDA aprobó en el 2017 la primera terapia con linfocitos T-CAR, en el caso de los tumores de órgano sólido numerosos fármacos han sido testados en ensayos clínicos, sin resultados concluyentes hasta la fecha. Por ello, hemos realizado una revisión del panorama de ensayos clínicos con T-CAR/T-TCR para el tratamiento de tumores de órgano sólido con el objetivo de analizar en qué punto de desarrollo se encuentra actualmente esta terapia, cuáles son sus límites y sus retos y si existen fundamentos teóricos o preclínicos destinados a superarlos. Encontramos 297 ensayos publicados desde el 2003 en NIH’s ClinicalTrials.gov, desarrollados en 15 países, mayoritariamente China (51,9%) y EEUU (39,4%). El 84,8% emplearon el receptor CAR y el 15,2% TCR. Únicamente el 2,7% se encontraban en fase 2 o fase 2/3, sólo el 14,5% figuraban como completados o terminados y exclusivamente el 3,4% disponían de resultados publicados. Estos datos sustentan la conclusión de que probablemente sea necesario el fortalecimiento de la fase preclínica antes de lograr una aproximación exitosa mediante la terapia con T-CAR/T-TCR para el tratamiento de tumores de órgano sólido.
Morphology engineering for novel antibiotics: Effect of glass microparticles and soy lecithin on rebeccamycin production and cellular morphology of filamentous actinomycete Lentzea aerocolonigenes
Authors: Dinius Anna , Schrinner Kathrin , Schrader Marcel , Kozanecka Zuzanna Justyna , Brauns Henry , Klose Leon , Weiß Hannah , Kwade Arno , Krull Rainer 
Published: April 2023

Lentzeaaerocolonigenes, as an actinomycete, is a natural producer of the antibiotic and antitumoral drug rebeccamycin. Due to the filamentous cellular morphology handling in cultivations is challenging; therefore, morphology engineering techniques are mandatory to enhance productivity. One promising approach described in the literature is the addition of mineral particles in the micrometer range to precisely adjust cellular morphology and the corresponding product synthesis (microparticle-enhanced cultivation, MPEC). Glass microparticles are introduced in this study as a novel supplementation type for bioprocess intensification in filamentous organisms. Several investigations were conducted to screen for an optimal particle setup, including particle size and concentration regarding their impact and effects on enhanced productivity, microparticle incorporation behavior into the biopellets, the viability of pellets, and morphological changes. Glass microparticles (10 g·L−1) with a median diameter of 7.9 µm, for instance, induced an up to fourfold increase in product synthesis accompanied by overall enhanced viability of biomass. Furthermore, structural elucidations showed that biopellets isolated from MPEC tend to have lower hyphal density than unsupplemented control pellets. In this context, oxygen microprofiling was conducted to better understand how internal structural changes interwind with oxygen supply into the pellets. Here, the resulting oxygen profiles are of a contradictive trend of steeper oxygen consumption with increasing glass microparticle supplementation. Eventually, MPEC was combined with another promising cultivation strategy, the supplementation of soy lecithin (7.5 g·L−1), to further increase the cultivation performance. A combination of both techniques in an optimized setup resulted in a rebeccamycin concentration of 213 mg·L−1 after 10 days of cultivation, the highest value published so far for microparticle-supplemented shake flask cultivations of L. aerocolonigenes.