bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proton pump inhibitor has no effect in the prevention of post-endoscopic sphincterotomy delayed bleeding: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yu Zhengping , He Jinli , Cao Ronglai , Yang Zhenzhen , Li Baolian , Hong Junbo , Chen Youxiang , Zhu Liang 
Published: June 2023

Background and aimsBleeding is one of the common adverse events of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), which is mainly caused by endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). At present, it remains unclear whether proton pump inhibitor (PPI) should be used to prevent post-EST bleeding. Therefore, we performed a randomized controlled trial to investigate whether PPI is effective in the prevention of post-EST delayed bleeding.MethodsConsecutive eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to experimental group (PPI group) or control group (normal saline, NS group). The patients in PPI group received intravenous esomeprazole 40  mg and normal saline 100  mL every 12  h for 2  days after ERCP immediately, and followed by oral esomeprazole (Nexium) 20  mg once a day for 7  days. Correspondingly, patients in the control group received intravenous normal saline 100  mL and did not take PPIs or any acid-suppressing drugs during hospitalization and after discharge. All patients were followed up for 30  days after ERCP. The primary endpoint was the incidence and severity of post-EST delayed bleeding.ResultsBetween July 2020 and July 2022, 290 patients were randomly assigned to PPI group (n = 146) or NS group (n = 144). 5 patients from each group were excluded from the final analysis. There were 6 patients with post-EST delayed bleeding, with an incidence rate of 2.14%. The median time of delayed bleeding was 2.5  days after ERCP. 3 cases (2.12%, 3/141) occurred in the PPI group, with 1 case of mild and 2 cases of moderate bleeding. 3 cases (2.16%, 3/139) occurred in the NS group, with 2 cases of mild and 1 case of moderate bleeding. There was no significant difference in the incidence and the severity of post-EST delayed bleeding between the two groups (p = 1.000).ConclusionProphylactic use of PPI after EST does not reduce the incidence and severity of post-EST delayed bleeding in patients.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://www.chictr.org.cn/searchproj.aspx, identifier ChiCTR2000034697.
Effects of destruxin A on hemocytes of the domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori
Authors: Yin Fei , Hu Lina , Li Zhenyu , Yang Xiangbing , Kendra Paul E. , Hu Qiongbo 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionDestruxin A (DA) is a mycotoxin isolated from the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae which has demonstrated inhibitory activity against various insect species. However, the mechanism of inhibition on target sites in insects remains unknown.MethodsIn this research, the dose-response relationship between DA and morphological changes in body tissues and organs of domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori, were investigated by histopathological methods to identify the target sites that responded to DA.Results and DiscussionThe results showed that responses of individual tissues and organs varied with DA dosage and treatment time. At low doses (i.e., 0.01μg/g), the hemocytes were the most sensitive to DA with morphological changes apparent at 6 h after treatment. However, the muscle cells, fat body, and Malpighian tubules were unaltered. At higher doses (i.e., &gt; 0.1μg/g), morphological changes were observed in muscle cells, fat body, and Malpighian tubules at 24 h after treatment. The results indicated that DA can be an immunosuppressant by damaging host cells like hemocytes, and at higher doses may potentially impact other physiological processes, including muscle function, metabolism, and excretion. The information presented in the current study will facilitate development of mycopesticides and novel immunosuppressants.
A Vis/NIR spectra-based approach for identifying bananas infected with Colletotrichum musae
Authors: Chu Xuan , Zhang Kun , Wei Hongyu , Ma Zhiyu , Fu Han , Miao Pu , Jiang Hongzhe , Liu Hongli 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionAnthracnose of banana caused by Colletotrichum species is one of the most serious post-harvest diseases, which can cause significant yield losses. Clarifying the infection mechanism of the fungi using non-destructive methods is crucial for timely discriminating infected bananas and taking preventive and control measures.MethodsThis study presented an approach for tracking growth and identifying different infection stages of the C. musae in bananas using Vis/NIR spectroscopy. A total of 330 banana reflectance spectra were collected over ten consecutive days after inoculation, with a sampling rate of 24 h. The four-class and five-class discriminant patterns were designed to examine the capability of NIR spectra in discriminating bananas infected at different levels (control, acceptable, moldy, and highly moldy), and different time at early stage (control and days 1-4). Three traditional feature extraction methods, i.e. PC loading coefficient (PCA), competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) and successive projections algorithm (SPA), combining with two machine learning methods, i.e. partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLSDA) and support vector machine (SVM), were employed to build discriminant models. One-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) without manually extracted feature parameters was also introduced for comparison.ResultsThe PCA-SVM and·SPA-SVM models had good performance with identification accuracies of 93.98% and 91.57%, 94.47% and 89.47% in validation sets for the four- and five-class patterns, respectively. While the 1D-CNN models performed the best, achieving an accuracy of 95.18% and 97.37% for identifying infected bananas at different levels and time, respectively.DiscussionThese results indicate the feasibility of identifying banana fruit infected with C. musae using Vis/NIR spectra, and the resolution can be accurate to one day.
Assessing preschoolers’ approaches to learning in the Chinese context: a scale for teacher-parent co-evaluation
Authors: Feng Lina , Wang Jingjing 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionAn effective assessment of preschoolers’ approaches to learning (ATL) requires multiple-reporter co-evaluation, such as teachers and parents. Based on extant research on children’s ATL combined with Chinese cultural background and educational policies, this study aims to develop an ATL scale suitable for Chinese teachers and parents to co-evaluate preschoolers’ ATL.MethodsExploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the data collected from teachers (n=833) and parents (n=856) demonstrates the four-factor structure of the ATL: creativity, learning strategy, competence motivation, and attention/persistence, wherein creativity is a new dimension uncovered in the Chinese context.ResultsPsychometric analysis demonstrates that the scale has good reliability and validity. Multi-group CFA further shows that the measurement model is robust and independent from reporter identity.DiscussionThe current study contributes a novel and easy-to-use measurement instrument with 20 items for educational practitioners and for scholars who are interested in cross-cultural comparison or longitudinal development of Chinese children’s ATL.
Exploring female students' perceptions of the use of digital technologies in managing academic stress
Authors: Lukenga Maria-Pascale , Billonnet Laurent , Gaugue Justine , Denis Jennifer 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this research is to explore the perceptions of female students regarding the implementation of digital technologies for academic stress management. We aim to determine if the contribution of these technologies could offer to female students a better management of the stress related to their studies and thus, a better deployment of strategies to cope with academic difficulties.MethodA qualitative study using the focus group methodology was conducted. Our inductive and exploratory approach allowed us to focus on the experience and perception of eleven female students from the University of Mons. The cohort was divided into two groups according to their score on the Perceived Stress Scale-10.ResultsThe data collected was analyzed using the thematic analysis of which allowed us to identify fourteen sub-themes divided into three axes: coping strategies used to manage academic stress, students' needs to improve their management of academic stress, and the implementation of technology for managing academic stress.ConclusionOur results show that the issues present in the academic context lead students to use various coping strategies, some of which are harmful to their physical and mental health. The implementation of digital technologies and biofeedback seems to be an approach that could help students adopt more functional coping strategies and alleviate their daily difficulties in managing academic stress.
Effectiveness of multilevel interventions based on socio-ecological model to decrease sedentary time in children: a systematic review of controlled studies
Authors: Cholley-Gomez Marie , Laujac Steven , Delpierre Cyrille , Carayol Marion 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesPreventive actions of sedentary behavior (SB) based on the socio-ecological model are needed among children and young adolescents. The aim of this systematic review is to ascertain the effectiveness of multilevel interventions (i.e., involving consideration of at least two interventional levels) in reducing sedentary time (ST) in children aged 5–12 years.MethodsAdhering to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted in three databases (PsyInfo, PubMed and ERIC) until July 2021.Results30 trials met the eligibility criteria and were included. They showed acceptable (&lt; 8, n = 18) and high (≥ 8, n = 12) methodological quality. Among studies targeting 2 (n = 2), 3 (n = 19) and 4 levels (n = 9), 1 (50%), 9 (47%) and 7 (78%) were effective and reported significant reduction of ST, respectively.ConclusionInterventions tend to be more effective when they involve 4 levels, using both agentic and structural strategies (targeting intrinsic determinants, in the organizational environment of the child). Findings underline the relevance of multilevel strategies to reduce ST in children, but also raise issues about operationalization of the socio-ecological perspective.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO, identifier: CRD42020209653.
Scaling-up integrated type-2 diabetes and hypertension care in Cambodia: what are the barriers to health system performance?
Authors: Chham Savina , Van Olmen Josefien , Van Damme Wim , Chhim Srean , Buffel Veerle , Wouters Edwin , Ir Por 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as type-2 diabetes (T2D) and hypertension (HTN) pose a massive burden on health systems, especially in low- and middle-income countries. In Cambodia, to tackle this issue, the government and partners have introduced several limited interventions to ensure service availability. However, scaling-up these health system interventions is needed to ensure universal supply and access to NCDs care for Cambodians. This study aims to explore the macro-level barriers of the health system that have impeded the scaling-up of integrated T2D and HTN care in Cambodia.MethodsUsing qualitative research design comprised an articulation between (i) semi-structured interviews (33 key informant interviews and 14 focus group discussions), (ii) a review of the National Strategic Plan and policy documents related to NCD/T2D/HTN care using qualitative document analysis, and (iii) direct field observation to gain an overview into health system factors. We used a health system dynamic framework to map macro-level barriers to the health system elements in thematic content analysis.ResultsScaling-up the T2D and HTN care was impeded by the major macro-level barriers of the health system including weak leadership and governance, resource constraints (dominantly financial resources), and poor arrangement of the current health service delivery. These were the result of the complex interaction of the health system elements including the absence of a roadmap as a strategic plan for the NCD approach in health service delivery, limited government investment in NCDs, lack of collaboration between key actors, limited competency of healthcare workers due to insufficient training and lack of supporting resources, mis-match the demand and supply of medicine, and absence of local data to generate evidence-based for the decision-making.ConclusionThe health system plays a vital role in responding to the disease burden through the implementation and scale-up of health system interventions. To respond to barriers across the entire health system and the inter-relatedness of each element, and to gear toward the outcome and goals of the health system for a (cost-)effective scale-up of integrated T2D and HTN care, key strategic priorities are: (1) Cultivating leadership and governance, (2) Revitalizing the health service delivery, (3) Addressing resource constraints, and (4) Renovating the social protection schemes.
The impact of pension insurance types on the health of older adults in China: a study based on the 2018 CHARLS data
Authors: Yang Dongliang , Ren Zhichao , Zheng Ge 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionPension insurance is an essential safeguard for the quality of life and health of older adults because it provides a stable and dependable source of income after retirement. China has constructed a multi-level social security system to accommodate the diverse needs of older adults, and offers various levels of pension insurance to maximize their interests.MethodsThis study uses propensity score matching and ordinary least squares techniques to analyze 7,359 data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in order to explore the relationship between different pension insurance categories and the health of older individuals.ResultsThe research findings reveal that advanced insurances greatly benefit the health of older adults more than basic pension insurances, and the findings pass the robustness test. In addition, the effect was found to be heterogeneous, depending on the location of retirement and the marital status of older adults.Our findings suggest that both material and non-material consumption may be potential mechanisms by which pension insurance affects the health of older adults, providing new evidence for the causal mechanism between pension insurance and the health of older adults.DiscussionThis study expands the scope of research on the health effects of pension insurance by covering a large representative sample across the country. The results show the important impact of the level of pension insurance on the health of older adults and can contribute to the development of social policies to promote the physical and mental health of older adults.
Volatile Characterization of Lychee Plant Tissues (Litchi chinensis) and the Effect of Key Compounds on the Behavior of the Lychee Erinose Mite (Aceria litchii)
Authors: Ataide Livia M. S. , Tabanca Nurhayat , Canon Maria A. , Schnell Elena Q. , Narvaez Teresa I. , Cloonan Kevin R. , Kendra Paul E. , Carrillo Daniel , Revynthi Alexandra M. 
Published: June 2023

Herbivore-Induced Plant Volatiles (HIPVs) are volatile signals emitted by plants to deter herbivores and attract their natural enemies. To date, it is unknown how lychee plants, Litchi chinensis, respond to the induction of leaf galls (erinea) caused by the lychee erinose mite (LEM), Aceria litchii. Aiming to reveal the role of HIPVs in this plant-mite interaction, we investigated changes in the volatile profile of lychee plants infested by LEM and their role on LEM preferences. The volatile profile of uninfested (flower buds, fruit, leaves and new leaf shoots) and infested plant tissue were characterized under different levels of LEM infestation. Volatiles were collected using head-space-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses. Fifty-eight volatiles, including terpenoids, alcohols, aldehydes, alkanes, esters, and ketones classes were identified. Using dual-choice bioassays, we investigated the preference of LEM to uninfested plant tissues and to the six most abundant plant volatiles identified. Uninfested new leaf shoots were the most attractive plant tissues to LEM and LEM attraction or repellence to volatiles were mostly influenced by compound concentration. We discuss possible applications of our findings in agricultural settings.
Development and Biomechanics of Grewia lasiocarpa E. Mey. Ex Harv. Trichomes Exudate
Authors: Akwu Nneka Augustina , Naidoo Yougasphree , Singh Moganavelli , Dewir Yaser Hassan , Magyar-Tábori Katalin , Lekhooa Makhotso , Aremu Adeyemi Oladapo 
Published: June 2023

Grewia lasiocarpa E. Mey. Ex Harv., Malvaceae (forest raisin) is a tropical small tree or shrub valued for its ecological importance as well as its nutritional, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-cancer properties as well as its ecological and ornamental importance. Glandular and non-glandular trichomes are present on the fruits, stem bark and leaves of G. lasiocarpa and these trichomes are the first line of defense. They are important structures that plants use to combat biotic and abiotic stress. The development of G. lasiocarpa trichomes and the biomechanics of the exudates present in the glandular (capitate) trichome were investigated for the first time using advanced microscopy techniques [Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Transmission electron microscope (TEM)]. The pressurized cuticular striations may play a role in the exudates’ biomechanics, i.e., releasing secondary metabolites present in the capitate trichome, which was observed to be multidirectional. The presence of many glandular trichomes on a plant implies an increase in the amount of phytometabolites. A common precursor for the development of trichomes (non-glandular and glandular) was observed to be DNA synthesis associated with a periclinal cell division, thus the final fate of the cell is determined by cell cycle regulation, polarity, and expansion. The glandular trichomes of G. lasiocarpa are multicellular and polyglandular, while the non-glandular (glandless) trichomes are either single-celled or multicellular. Since, trichomes ‘house’ phytocompounds of medicinal, nutritional, and agronomical benefits; the molecular and genetic study of the glandular trichomes of Grewia lasiocarpa will be beneficial to humanity.
Wakaf Ahli: Dinamika Kebijakan Negara dan Sistem Pelaksanaannya di Malaysia
Authors: Ayatina Haerini 
Published: June 2023

Wakaf dzurri disebut juga wakaf ahli yang diperuntukkan bagi anggota keluarga, merupakan harta atau suatu manfaat yang diwakaf dan dikelola oleh kalangan tertentu yaitu keluarga maupun kerabat dekat pewakif (waqif) dengan tujuan untuk kepentingan dan kemaslahatan umum. Wakaf ahli terhubung dengan hukum keluarga islam. Wakaf ahli mampu membantu pewakif menyerahkan harta kepada keluarga dan keturunannya. Eksistensi implementasi wakaf ahli diamalkan oleh kalangan sahabat seperti wakaf Umar bin Khattab untuk keturunannya dan juga wakaf Utsman bin Affan. Artikel ini membahas kebijakan dan regulasi sudut hukum serta implementasi wakaf ahli pada lembaga maupun institusi di Malaysia. Walaupun terbilang kecil, pengurusan wakaf ahli di Malaysia dihadapkan kesulitan dalam aturan dan regulasinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif kajian pustaka, kemudian data dianalisis secara sistematis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Majlis Agama Islam dan Adat Istiadat Melayu menerapkan wakaf ahli di Malaysia Negeri Kelantan pada tahun 1921. Keistimewaan saat melaksanakan wakaf dzurri yaitu menjamin keberlangsungan manfaat yang dirasakan anggota keluarga sebagai penerima. Baiknya hal ini menjadikan manfaat yang dihasilkan tumbuh berkembang dengan baik untuk kebaikan mauquf alaih maupun kebaikan masyarakat. Selain itu prosedur manajemen wakaf ahli perlu ditingkatkan agar dapat mendorong pelaksanaannya di masa yang akan datang.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIKA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN LANGSUNG PADA SISWA KELAS VII A MTS DDI PARIANGAN
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Fitri Fitri , Rahayu Ayu 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kegiatan kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan penalaran matematika siswa di MTs DDI Pariangan. Kemampuan penalaran matematika meliputi 6 indikator yaitu (1) Mengajukan dugaan, (2) Melakukan manipulasi matematika, (3) Menarik kesimpulan, menyusun bukti, memberikan alasan, atau bukti terhadap kebenaran solusi, (4) Menarik kesimpulan dari pernyataan, (5) Memeriksa kesahihan suatu argumen, (6) Menemukan pola atau sifat dari gejala matematis untuk membuat generalisasi. Lembar observasi dianalisis secara kualitatif dan tes kemampuan penalaran matematika juga secara kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data kualitatif pada lembar observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran materi himpunan siklus I diperoleh 66,66%, pada siklus II mengalami peningkatan diperoleh 92,85%. Berdasarkan hasil di analisis data kualitatif pada lembar observasi aktifitas siswa pembelajaran materi himpunan pada siklus I diperoleh 57,13% dan pada siklis II diperoleh 85,71%. Berdasarkan hasil yang sudah analisis data kualitatif bisa disimpulkan bahwasanya model pelajaran langsung bisa mengembangkan kemampuan penalaran matematika siswa VII A MTs DDI Pariangan.
Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Cakupan Vaksinasi Covid-19 Terhadap Masyarakat Desa Salukadi
Authors: Permatasari Rahmi , Mukharrim Said , Dhiniaminarti Dhiniaminarti 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan, tingkat keparahan, dan hambatan vaksinasi dengan cakupan vaksinasi terhadap masyarakat Desa Salukadi. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan, tingkat keparahan, dan hambatan vaksinasi dengan cakupan vaksinasi terhadap masyarakat Desa Salukadi. Populasi adalah masyarakat desa Salukadi sebanyak 638 orang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 33 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan cakupan vaksinasi terhadap masyarakat desa Salukadi dengan nilai pvalue = 0,004, tidak terdapat hubungan tingkat keparahan covid-19 dengan cakupan vaksinasi terhadap masyarakat desa Salukadi deng nilai pvalue = 0,849, dan terdapat hubungan hambatan vaksinasi dengan cakupan vaksinasi terhadap masyarakat desa Salukadi dengan nilai pvalue = 0,000.
Analisis Struktural Novel “Catatan Pendek Untuk Cinta Yang Panjang” Karya Boy Candra
Authors: Mandarwati Sri , Sahabuddin Chuduriah , Muttalib Abdul 
Published: June 2023

Bagaimanakah analisis struktural unsur intrinsik novel “Catatan Pendek untuk Cinta yang Panjang” karya Boy Candra?. Data penelitian ini adalah teori strukturalis Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik baca dan catat. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dideskripsikan berdasarkan teori strukturalis yaitu unsur intrinsik. Berdasarkan analisis struktural peristiwa dalam novel Catatan Pendek untuk Cinta yang Panjang Karya Boy Candra mengandung unsur intrinsik yang meliputi : Tema yaitu perjuangan cinta. Alur yang digunakan alur campuran berdasarkan tahap pengenalan/orientasi, tahap pemunculan konflik, klimaks dan resolusi. Penokohan terdapat dua tokoh yaitu tokoh aku dan tokoh wanita. Latar yang digunakan latar waktu pada pukul 05.00 dan pukul 07.40, latar tempat took buku dan jembatan dan latar suasana yaitu suasana sepi pada saat rindu dengan kekasih. Sudut pandang yang digunakan sudut pandang orang pertama “Aku”. Biarkanlah yang meninggalkan pergi jauh darimu karena setiap yang pergi pasti akan ada yang menggantikan. Amanat yang terkandung dalam novel ini yaitu, kamu harus bersyukur apapun yang dimiliki hari ini, bangkitlah dari kesedihanmu dan mulailah hidup bahagia karena bahgia adalah hak semua manusia, karena Hanya dirimu yang bisa menciptakan kebahagiaanmu sendiri.