bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Data Outlier (Pencilan) dan Kenormalan Data Pada Data Univariat serta Alternatif Penyelesaiannya
Authors: Sihombing Pardomuan Robinson , Suryadiningrat Suryadiningrat , Sunarjo Deden Achmad , Yuda Yoshep Paulus Apri Caraka 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengindentifikasi outlier (pencilan) dan kenormalan data pada univariat data. Adapun data yang digunakan berupa data persentase kemiskinan di Indonesia tahun 2022 yang berasal dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Metode pengujian outlier dilakukan dengan menggunakan grafik box plot, histrogram dan uji Grubbs. Sedangkan pengujian kenormalan data menggunkan uji SK Test dan Shapiro Wilk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat data outlier yaitu pada observasi Provinsi Papua, dan data tidak berdistribusi normal. Selanjutnya dilakukan berbagai alternatif dalam menangani data outlier. Hasil menunjukkan menggunakan teknik tranformasi box cox, winsorizing dan trimming data, dapat menyelesaikan masalah outlier data. Metode box cox dan trimming sekaligus mampu mengatasi masalah kenormalan data, sedangkan metode winsorizing belum dapat mengatasi masalah kenormalan data.
Positive Airway Pressure Adherence and Health Care Resource Utilization in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Malhotra Atul , Cole Kate V. , Malik Anita S. , Pépin Jean‐Louis , Sert Kuniyoshi Fatima H. , Cistulli Peter A. , Benjafield Adam V. , Somers Virend K. , Cistulli Peter , Malhotra Atul , Pépin Jean‐Louis , Benjafield Adam V. , Sterling Kimberly L. , Nunez Carlos M. , Barrett Meredith , Armitstead Jeff 
Published: May 2023

Background
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common comorbidity in patients with heart failure, although current evidence is equivocal regarding the potential benefits of treating OSA with positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy in patients with heart failure. This study assessed the impact of adherence to PAP therapy on health care resource utilization in patients with OSA and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.

Methods and Results

Administrative insurance claims data linked with objective PAP therapy use data from patients with OSA and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction were used to determine associations between PAP adherence and a composite outcome of hospitalizations and emergency room visits. One‐year PAP adherence was based on an adapted US Medicare definition. Propensity score methods were used to create groups with similar characteristics across PAP adherence levels. The study cohort included 3182 patients (69.9% male, mean age 59.7 years); 39% were considered adherent to PAP therapy (29% intermediate adherent, 31% nonadherent). One year after PAP initiation, adherent patients had fewer composite visits than matched nonadherent patients, driven by a 24% reduction in emergency room visits for adherent patients. Composite visit costs were lower in adherent versus nonadherent patients ($3500 versus $5879,
P
=0.031), although total health care costs were not statistically different ($13 028 versus $14 729,
P
=0.889).

Conclusions
PAP therapy adherence in patients with OSA with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction was associated with a reduction in health care resource utilization. This suggests that greater emphasis should be placed on diagnosing and effectively treating OSA with PAP in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
Optimization and Learning With Randomly Compressed Gradient Updates
Authors: Huang Zhanliang , Lei Yunwen , Kabán Ata 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gradient descent methods are simple and efficient optimization algorithms with widespread applications. To handle high-dimensional problems, we study compressed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with low-dimensional gradient updates. We provide a detailed analysis in terms of both optimization rates and generalization rates. To this end, we develop uniform stability bounds for CompSGD for both smooth and nonsmooth problems, based on which we develop almost optimal population risk bounds. Then we extend our analysis to two variants of SGD: batch and mini-batch gradient descent. Furthermore, we show that these variants achieve almost optimal rates compared to their high-dimensional gradient setting. Thus, our results provide a way to reduce the dimension of gradient updates without affecting the convergence rate in the generalization analysis. Moreover, we show that the same result also holds in the differentially private setting, which allows us to reduce the dimension of added noise with “almost free” cost.
The Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM): Community-Focused Collaborative Model Development Accelerating Research to Operations
Authors: Johnson Benjamin T. , Dang Cheng , Stegmann Patrick , Liu Quanhua , Moradi Isaac , Auligne Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation (JCSDA) Community Radiative Transfer Model (CRTM) is a fast, 1D radiative transfer model used in numerical weather prediction, calibration/validation, etc., across multiple federal agencies and universities. The key benefit of the CRTM is that it is a satellite simulator. It provides a highly accurate representation of satellite radiances by using the specific sensor response functions convolved with a Line-by-Line Radiative Transfer Model (LBLRTM). CRTM covers the spectral ranges consistent with all present operational and most research satellites, from visible to microwave. The capability to simulate ultraviolet radiances and support space-based radar sensors is being added over the next 2 years in CRTM version 3.0. In addition to simulated radiances, the CRTM also provides Jacobian outputs needed to interpret satellite observations for numerical weather prediction. The Jacobian estimates how changes in geophysical parameters affect simulated measurements from satellite sensors. Using the Jacobian in modeling and weather prediction improves the accuracy and efficiency of data analysis, leading to better weather predictions. The CRTM model’s success and growth depend on community contributions and evaluation. To facilitate this, we have made the CRTM highly accessible through modular programming, clear documentation and tutorials, public domain licensing, unfettered public access via GitHub, and a clear path to operational implementation for innovative research. We encourage and welcome contributions from the community to help us continue to improve the CRTM.
Pivotal Role of Genetic Counselors in the Uptake of Germline Genetic Testing in Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer and the Impact of Testing on Surgical Decision Making
Authors: Erali Richard A. , Pu Tracey , Vu Thuy M. , Mangieri Christopher W. , Jee Yoonsun , Wise Jordan S. , Perry Kathleen C. , Hsu Fang-Chi , Levine Edward A. , McNatt Marissa H. , Chiba Akiko 
Published: May 2023

Background Genetic testing is increasingly utilized in breast cancer patients; however, testing rates remain low. We aimed to evaluate the rate of genetic testing at a tertiary academic medical center utilizing a multidisciplinary clinic model including genetic counselor. Methods A single-center retrospective chart review was performed on a cohort of newly diagnosed breast cancer patients from January 2018 through February 2019. Patients were reviewed for genetic screening eligibility, consultation with a genetic counselor, and test results. Results Final analysis included 426 patients. 261 (61.3%) were found to meet National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for genetic testing, of which 178 patient (68.2%) underwent testing and 32 patients (12.3%) declined testing. Of the 165 not eligible for testing, 5 patients were tested. A total of 183 patients underwent testing and 116 (63.4%) had a negative result, 17 (9.3%) were positive for at least one gene mutation and 50 (27.3%) were identified to have a variant of unknown significance (VUS). There was a positive association between those patients who met with a genetic counselor and eligibility for testing (OR 31.1, 95% CI 16.0-60.5). Conclusions Genetic testing result has become an increasingly important factor when defining optimal surgical treatment for breast cancer patients. Increasing the availability of genetic consultation for breast cancer patients can improve testing rates and patient selection.
Incidence of Cancer and Role of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in BRCA Mutation Carriers Undergoing Prophylactic Mastectomies
Authors: Fat Shelby Chun , Weed Christina , Samaha Yasmina , Chung Alice , Boyle Marissa K. , Giuliano Armando , Ray Edward , Amersi Farin 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Breast surveillance in patients with BRCA mutations include mammography (MMG) and MRI. Patients may elect to undergo risk-reducing bilateral prophylactic mastectomies (BPM). Sentinel lymph node biopsies (SLNB) are frequently performed and associated with increased morbidity. This study sought to determine the correlation between preoperative imaging and the final pathology and evaluate the role of SLNB in these high-risk patients. Methods A prospective database identified BRCA patients who underwent BPM between 2006 and 2022. Imaging, pathology, and operative reports were reviewed. Results 170 patients with BRCA 1/2 mutations were identified. 162 (95.3%) had imaging within one year of BPM. Of these, 28 (17.3%) patients had a MMG/ultrasound, 53 (32.7%) had an MRI, and 81 (50%) had both; 21/162 (13.0%) patients had abnormal imaging. Bilateral SLNB were performed in 31 (18.2%) patients, of which 7 had abnormal imaging; unilateral SLNB were performed in 4 (2.4%) patients, of which 3 had abnormal imaging. 11/170 (6.4%) patients had a malignancy and only one (9%) of these patients had imaging abnormalities. 1/170 (0.6%) patient had an invasive carcinoma requiring an axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), and 10/170 (5.9%) patients had ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). 25/170 (14.7%) had ADH/ALH. Only 7/170 (4.1%) patients had imaging abnormalities and abnormal pathology. All SLNB and ALND performed demonstrated no metastatic disease. Discussion There is a high rate of discordance between preoperative imaging prior to surgery in BRCA patients undergoing prophylactic mastectomies and final pathology. This study does not support routine SLNB at the time of BPM.
Evaluation of Guidelines For Tonsillectomy in Adults With Recurrent Acute Tonsillitis
Authors: Houborg Hannah Inez , Klug Tejs Ehlers 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: The criteria for selecting patients with recurrent acute tonsillitis (RT) for tonsillectomy remain unsettled and different guidelines are used internationally. We aimed to evaluate currently used guidelines for tonsillectomy in adults with RT and identify the best predictive parameters for improved throat-related quality of life (TR-QOL) after surgery. Methods: About 66 RT patients undergoing tonsillectomy was prospectively included and categorized into 3 groups based on which guideline(s) they met: Group 1: patients not meeting any of the Danish/Paradise/Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network (SIGN) guidelines. Group 2: patients meeting the Danish guidelines. Group 3: patients meeting the Paradise and/or the SIGN guidelines. TR-QOL was assessed using the Tonsillectomy Outcome Inventory 14 (TOI-14) before and 6 months after tonsillectomy as well as the Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI). Predictive parameters for improved TR-QOL were investigated using multiple linear regression. Results: About 61 (92%) patients completed the questionnaires. Patients in all groups had significant TR-QOL improvements (Group 1 (n = 20): ΔTOI-14 31.1; GBI 29.4; Group 2 (n = 31): ΔTOI-14 32.0; GBI 36.4; Group 3 (n = 10): ΔTOI-14 45.6; GBI 39.7) and satisfaction rates were high (94%-100%). Preoperative TOI-14 score was the best predictor for improved TR-QOL ( P < .001, R2 = .80), followed by the number of tonsillitis episodes with physician verification within the previous 12 months ( P = .002, R2 = .25). Conclusions: Patients in all groups experienced massive TR-QOL improvements suggesting that currently used guidelines may be too restrictive. Preoperative TOI-14 score was the best parameter for predicting TR-QOL improvement, and this tool may be useful in the selection of adults with RT for tonsillectomy.
Predictors of the 6-year outcome of obsessive-compulsive disorder: Findings from the Netherlands Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Association study
Authors: Tibi Lee , van Oppen Patricia , van Balkom Anton JLM , Eikelenboom Merijn , Visser Henny , Anholt Gideon E 
Published: May 2023

Objective: Obsessive-compulsive disorder is characterized by a chronic course that can vary between patients. The knowledge on the naturalistic long-term outcome of obsessive-compulsive disorder and its predictors is surprisingly limited. The present research was designed to identify clinical and psychosocial predictors of the long-term outcome of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methods: We included 377 individuals with a current diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder, who participated in the Netherlands Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Association study, a multicenter naturalistic cohort study. Predictors were measured at baseline using self-report questionnaires and clinical interviews. Outcome was assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale at 2-, 4- and 6-year follow-up. Results: The overall course of obsessive-compulsive disorder was characterized by two prominent trends: the first reflected an improvement in symptom severity, which was mitigated by the second, worsening trend in the long term. Several determinants affected the course variations of obsessive-compulsive disorder, namely, increased baseline symptom severity, late age of onset, history of childhood trauma and autism traits. Conclusion: The long-term outcome of obsessive-compulsive disorder in naturalistic settings was characterized by an overall improvement in symptom severity, which was gradually halted to the point of increased worsening. However, after 6 years, the severity of symptoms remained below the baseline level. While certain determinants predicted a more favorable course, their effect diminished over time in correspondence to the general worsening trend. The results highlight the importance of a regular and continuous monitoring for symptom exacerbations as part of the management of the obsessive-compulsive disorder, regardless of the presence of putative predictors.
Spin in the Abstracts of Meta-analyses and Systematic Reviews: Quadriceps Tendon Graft for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Gulbrandsen Matthew T. , Taka Taha M. , Peterson Joshua G. , Chung Jun Ho , Syed Hasan M. , Amin Nirav H. , Stone Austin V. , Xerogeanes John W. , Liu Joseph N. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Spin is a reporting bias that misrepresents research. Ultimately it can affect surgeon decision making and patient care. Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is common, but debate continues over optimal treatment modalities. Purpose: To identify the prevalence of spin in meta-analysis and systematic review abstracts regarding the treatment of ACL injuries with quadriceps tendon graft. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Electronic libraries (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar) were searched for meta-analyses and systematic reviews regarding the treatment of ACL tears with quadriceps tendon graft. The 9 most severe types of spin commonly found in abstracts were used as an evaluation tool to assess the articles. Two reviewers each performed a blinded assessment of each article for spin. A third reviewer helped after review was done to address any discrepancies between the original reviewers. Further evaluation included year of publication, number of citations, journal impact factor, and A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) score. Results: The electronic database search resulted in 986 articles, of which 13 met our inclusion criteria. After review, we found that 53.8% (7/13) of the included articles contained 1 of the 9 most severe forms of spin. Of the 13 articles, 15.4% (n = 2) contained 2 types of spin, and 38.5% (n = 5) contained 1 type of spin. No studies contained ≥3 types of spin. Of the types of spin evaluated, the most prevalent (n = 4; 30.8%) was type 3 (“selective reporting of or overemphasis on efficacy outcomes or analysis favoring the beneficial effect of the experimental intervention”). All studies, regardless of the presence of spin, were found to be low or critically low quality according to the AMSTAR-2 assessment. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the presence of spin in 53.8% of meta-analysis and systematic review abstracts pertaining to quadriceps tendon graft for ACL reconstruction. Orthopaedic surgeons should learn to recognize spin as they review articles when deciding the treatment course for ACL injuries. Additionally, strict criteria should be considered to reduce the prevalence of spin in orthopaedic literature.
Audio or Video? Access to Pediatric Neurology Outpatient Services Varies by the Type of Telehealth, Especially for Black Children
Authors: Grefe Annette , Chen Shyh-Huei , Ip Edward H. , Kirkendall Eric , Nageswaran Savithri 
Published: May 2023

Background Children of minority race/ethnicity face barriers to accessing specialty services. During the COVID pandemic, health insurance companies reimbursed telehealth services. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of audio versus video visits on children's access to outpatient neurology services, particularly for Black children. Methods Using Electronic Health Record data, we collected information about children who had outpatient neurology appointments in a tertiary care children's hospital in North Carolina from March 10, 2020, to March 9, 2021. We used multivariable models to compare appointment outcomes (canceled vs completed, and missed vs completed) by visit type. We then conducted similar evaluation for the subgroup of Black children. Results A total of 1250 children accounted for 3829 scheduled appointments. Audio users were more likely to be Black and Hispanic, and to have public health insurance than video users. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for appointments completed versus canceled was 10 for audio and 6 for video, compared to in-person appointments. Audio visits were twice as likely as in-person visits to be completed versus missed; video visits were not different. For the subgroup of Black children, aOR for appointments completed versus canceled for audio was 9 and video was 5, compared to in-person appointments. For Black children, audio visits were 3 times as likely as in-person visits to be completed versus missed; video visits were not different. Conclusions Audio visits improved access to pediatric neurology services, especially for Black children. Reversal of policies to reimburse audio visits could deepen the socioeconomic divide for children's access to neurology services.
Sociodemographic Differences in Menthol Cigarette Use in the United States
Authors: Talluri Rajesh , Shete Sanjay 
Published: May 2023

Background: Menthol cigarette use is associated with higher smoking initiation and reduced smoking cessation. We investigated sociodemographic differences in menthol and nonmenthol cigarette use in the United States. Methods: We used the most recent available data from the May 2019 wave of the nationally-representative Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. The survey weights were used to estimate the national prevalence of individuals who currently smoke among individuals who use menthol and nonmenthol cigarettes. Survey-weighted logistic regression methods were used to estimate the association of menthol cigarette use with formerly smoking cigarettes and attempting to quit within the past 12 months while adjusting for several sociodemographic factors associated with smoking. Results: The prevalence of current smoking in individuals who ever smoked menthol cigarettes was higher 45.6% (44.5%-46.6%) compared to 35.8% (35.2%-36.4%) in individuals who ever smoked nonmenthol cigarettes. Non-Hispanics Blacks who used menthol cigarettes had a higher likelihood of being an individual who currently smokes (OR 1.8, 95% CI: [1.6-2.0], P-value <.001) compared to Non-Hispanic Whites who used nonmenthol cigarettes. However, Non-Hispanics Blacks who used menthol cigarettes were more likely to make a quit attempt (OR 1.4, 95%CI: [1.3-1.6], P-value <.001) compared to non-Hispanic Whites who used nonmenthol cigarettes. Conclusions: Individuals who currently use menthol cigarettes are more likely to make attempts to quit smoking. However, this did not translate to successfully quitting smoking, as evidenced by the proportion of individuals who formerly smoked within the population which used menthol cigarettes.
Serum pentraxin 3 in systemic lupus erythematosus: A potential indicator of cutaneous disease activity
Authors: Ismail Sahar A. , Awad Sara M. , Gamal Rania M. , Gaber Marwa A. , Hussein Safaa M. , Hammam Nevin 
Published: May 2023

Background Although skin manifestations are common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), there is still a lack of a diagnostic marker for cutaneous involvement. Pentraxin3 (PTX3) has been studied in SLE patients; however, it has not been investigated in relation to cutaneous manifestations. Objective To assess the serum PTX3 level in SLE patients, and to investigate its relationship with disease activity as well as with variable skin manifestations. Patients and Methods Thirty-four patients with SLE (17 patients with skin manifestations and 17 without) and 30 healthy subjects were included in the study. Patients were evaluated clinically for systemic and skin manifestations of SLE. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2k) and Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Activity and Severity Index (CLASI) scores were calculated. Serum level of PTX3 was measured in patients and controls using ELISA. Results Higher serum PTX3 level was found in SLE patients compared to controls ( p < 0.001). Patients with skin manifestations showed higher SLEDAI-2k scores and had higher PTX3 level compared to those without skin manifestations ( p = 0.015 and p < 0.001, respectively). PTX3 showed higher levels in association with malar rash ( p < 0.001), mucosal ulcers ( p < 0.001), alopecia ( p < 0.001), and purpuric eruption ( p = 0.002). Moreover, PTX3 level positively correlated with CLASI scores ( p < 0.001). Conclusion Our results reinforce the important role of Pentraxin3 in SLE patients with skin manifestations, and it may be considered an interesting biomarker for the pattern and extent of cutaneous involvement in SLE.