bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do salient climatic risks affect shareholder voting?
Authors: Fich Eliezer M , Xu Guosong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Institutional investors affected by hurricanes subsequently support environmental proposals in non-affected firms even if they never voted for similar initiatives. Affected investors raise their holdings in firms where their pro-environment votes are consequential. The increased voting support after hurricanes has real effects as environmental proposals endorsed by more hurricane-afflicted investors are more likely to pass. Moreover, both market capitalization and analysts’ recommendations decline after firms pass environmental proposals. Our evidence suggests that natural disasters raise institutional investors’ concerns about the environment and about potential fund flow disruptions. These concerns, in turn, influence environmental activism, corporate policies, and firm performance.
Psychiatric Gaslighting: The Surveillance of Mental Illness during Pregnancy
Authors: Abel Charlotte , Timmermans Stefan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Women living with mental health symptoms face the dilemma of continuing psychotropic medication when pregnant or breastfeeding. Based on two years of observations in a mental health clinic focusing on reproductive health, we examine how patients living with mental health conditions exert reproductive agency during meetings with psychiatrists; how these clinicians respond to this engagement; and the consequences of this advocacy for medical decision-making. We find that psychiatrists psychologize patient advocacy by interpreting it as a manifestation of untreated mental pathology. This psychologization moves beyond imposing a professional vision on the interaction and beyond a paternalistic communication style to psychiatric gaslighting: patient engagement is invalidated and subverted under psychiatric professional vision to double-down on psychotropic medication. Psychiatric gaslighting is a sociological and institutional phenomenon; operating through cultural scripts about how both gender and mental illness shape credibility, incentive structures in medical practice, lingering epistemic problems in psychiatry, and psychiatry’s struggle for professional legitimacy. Within an unequal power relationship between health professionals aiming to safeguard their authority and a stigmatized population, patients are disempowered by psychiatric concepts that link mental health to good mothering. We conclude that the biomedical management of vulnerable populations serves professional interests.
Spatiotemporal landscape of kidney in a mouse model of hyperuricemia at single‐cell level
Authors: Chang Haining , Tao Qianru , Wei Lan , Wang Yangyang , Tu Chao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSerum uric acid is an end‐product of purine metabolism. Uric acid concentrations in excess of the physiological range may lead to diseases such as gout, cardiovascular disease, and kidney injury. The kidney includes a variety of cell types with specialized functions such as fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, detoxification, and endocrine functions. Two‐thirds of uric acid is excreted through kidney, however, the exploration of markers and new therapeutic targets in renal tissue of hyperuricemia is still lacking. Single‐cell and spatial omics techniques represent major milestones in life sciences. The combined measurement of the physical structure and molecular characteristics of tissues facilitates the exploration of the pathophysiological processes underlying disease development and the discovery of possible therapeutic targets. Here, the spatiotemporal atlas of hyperuricemic nephropathy was investigated using single‐cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, spatial proteomics, and spatial metabolomics in a urate oxidase knockout mouse model. Several emerging targets and pathways especially ribosome and metabolism related to uric acid excretion were discovered and will be investigated further in studies on lowering uric acid.
Pregnancy Outcomes After Transvaginal Radiofrequency Ablation of Leiomyomas
Authors: Rey Victoria E. , Falcon Maria M. , Ferrara Ida , Yanes Gabriel 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate pregnancy outcomes after transvaginal radiofrequency ablation of leiomyomas.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of 226 pregnant patients after transvaginal radiofrequency ablation of leiomyomas from January 1, 2017, to February 28, 2022.

RESULTS:
Patients' mean age was 37.4 years. The preoperative median leiomyoma volume before transvaginal radiofrequency ablation was 52.4 mL, and the median volume reduction at 6 and 12 months was 49.4% and 69.8%, respectively. The median interval time from transvaginal radiofrequency ablation to pregnancy was 9.3 months (interquartile range 5.6–15.1 months). Pregnancy was spontaneous in 78 patients (34.5%) and by assisted reproductive technologies in 148 (65.5%). Miscarriage occurred in 36 patients (15.9%), premature delivery (before 37 weeks of gestation) in 4.1%, and preeclampsia in 4.3%. There was one instance of placenta accreta in a patient with a history of open myomectomy. There were no instances of uterine rupture, placental abruption, or fetal growth restriction. The cesarean delivery rate was 26.4%; the remaining patients had normal spontaneous vaginal deliveries. Patients with a volume of leiomyoma more than 58.6 mL had a longer interval time from transvaginal radiofrequency ablation to pregnancy (P<.05). An increased miscarriage rate was observed when the interval time to pregnancy was shorter than 5.7 months (P<.05).

CONCLUSION:
Pregnancy outcomes after transvaginal radiofrequency ablation of leiomyomas were similar to those of a general population with no instances of uterine rupture, placental abruption, or fetal growth restriction.
The risks of pityriasis rosea in pregnancy: a review
Authors: Manduca Sophia , Oh Christina S. , Ong Michael , Lipner Shari R. , Pomeranz Miriam K. , Bieber Amy K. 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
This review aims to consolidate available evidence, identify research gaps, and advocate for a more informed approach to the management of pityriasis rosea in pregnant individuals.

Data Sources:
PubMed, Web of Science, and Directory of Open Access Journals were systematically searched based on the keywords “pityriasis rosea,” “pityriasis circinate,” “roseola annulate,” “herpes tonsurans maculosus,” “herald patch,” and “pregnancy” on January 25, 2024 for publications between 1950 to 2024.

Study Selection:
Studies containing outcomes data for pregnant patients with established PR were included. Studies must have been written or translated into English and published in a peer-reviewed journal. Studies which did not pertain to PR in the setting of pregnancy were excluded, as screened by two reviewers. Responses, general informational reviews, and letters to the editor without novel data were also excluded.

Results:
Eleven relevant articles were identified, encompassing data from 177 patients. Overall, 81% of patients had favorable outcomes while 19% experienced unfavorable outcomes. PR onset before 15 weeks gestation was associated with a higher rate of unfavorable outcomes (41%), including a 27% rate of spontaneous abortion (SA). Conversely, PR onset after 15 weeks had a lower unfavorable outcome rate (21%), and no instances of SA.

Conclusion:
Conflicting data exists regarding the impact of PR on pregnancy outcomes. However, PR onset within the first 15 weeks, widespread lesions, constitutional symptoms, and higher human herpesvirus 6 viral loads may increase the risk of unfavorable outcomes such as SA. Close follow-up and consideration of antiviral treatment are recommended for high-risk patients.
In-memory encryption using the advanced encryption standard
Authors: Kovats Tobias , Rameshan Navaneeth , Karunaratne Kumudu Geethan , Giannopoulos Iason , Sebastian Abu 
Published: January 2025

Encryption and decryption of data with very low latency and high energy efficiency is desirable in almost every application that deals with sensitive data. The advanced encryption standard (AES) is a widely adopted algorithm in symmetric key cryptography with numerous efficient implementations. Nonetheless, in scenarios involving extensive data processing, the primary limitations on performance and efficiency arise from data movement between memory and the processor, rather than data processing itself. In this article, we present a novel in-memory computing (IMC) approach for AES encryption and key-expansion, and experimentally validate it on an IMC prototype chip based on phase-change memory (PCM) technology. We leverage operators stored in PCM crossbar arrays to achieve the flexibility to tune performance at runtime based on the amount of free storage available in the memory system. In addition, we introduce a method for parallel in-memory polynomial modular multiplication and evaluate the potential of intrinsic stochastic properties of PCM devices for random key generation. We show how to further improve efficiency with minimal additional auxiliary circuitry. To evaluate the performance within a custom-built large-scale in-memory AES system, we design and implement a cycle-accurate simulator that integrates parameters from Spice simulations for detailed latency and energy consumption analysis of the AES algorithm. Our evaluations indicate that our IMC-based AES approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods, achieving speed factor improvements of up to 19.7 at equivalent energy efficiency.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Emerging technologies for future secure computing platforms’.
Secure artificial intelligence at the edge
Authors: Sehatbakhsh Nader , Pamarti Sudhakar , Roychowdhary Vwani , Iyer Subramanian 
Published: January 2025

Sensors for the perception of multimodal stimuli—ranging from the five senses humans possess and beyond—have reached an unprecedented level of sophistication and miniaturization, raising the prospect of making man-made large-scale complex systems that can rival nature a reality. Artificial intelligence (AI) at the edge aims to integrate such sensors with real-time cognitive abilities enabled by recent advances in AI. Such AI progress has only been achieved by using massive computing power which, however, would not be available in most distributed systems of interest. Nature has solved this problem by integrating computing, memory and sensing functionalities in the same hardware so that each part can learn its environment in real time and take local actions that lead to stable global functionalities. While this is a challenging task by itself, it would raise a new set of security challenges when implemented. As in nature, malicious agents can attack and commandeer the system to perform their own tasks. This article aims to define the types of systemic attacks that would emerge, and introduces a multiscale framework for combatting them. A primary thesis is that edge AI systems have to deal with unknown attack strategies that can only be countered in real time using low-touch adaptive learning systems.
This article is part of the theme issue ‘Emerging technologies for future secure computing platforms’.
Optical metabolic imaging identifies metabolic shifts and mitochondria heterogeneity in POLG mutator macrophages
Authors: Hu Linghao , West A. Phillip , Walsh Alex J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe polymerase gamma (POLG) gene mutation is associated with mitochondria and metabolism disorders, resulting in heterogeneous responses to immunological activation and posing challenges for mitochondrial disease therapy. Optical metabolic imaging captures the autofluorescent signal of two coenzymes, NADH and FAD, and offers a label-free approach to detect cellular metabolic phenotypes, track mitochondria morphology, and quantify metabolic heterogeneity. In this study, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) of NAD(P)H and FAD revealed that POLG mutator macrophages exhibit a decreased NAD(P)H lifetime, and optical redox ratio compared to the wild-type macrophages, indicating an increased dependence on glycolysis. FLIM revealed that both wild-type and POLG mutator macrophages switch to a decreased NAD(P)Hτ1, andτmafter immune stimulation by Lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Furthermore, a bimodality index of subpopulation analysis identified heterogenous populations of POLG mutator macrophage responses under immune challenge by LPS. Moreover, to quantify the mitochondria variations in POLG mutator macrophages, a customized thresholding image processing pipeline was developed to segment mitochondria regions within each cell from the NADH image, allowing for the feature analysis of mitochondria clusters. Consequently, the wild-type macrophages exhibited a higher percentage of mitochondria-containing pixels and longer lengths of connected mitochondria, as compared with POLG mutated macrophages. Altogether, these results illustrate the potential of optical metabolic imaging for non-invasive detection and quantification of cellular metabolism, metabolic heterogeneity within cell populations, and intra-cellular mitochondria morphology differences in POLG mutator macrophages. Optical metabolic imaging will be valuable for studying POLG-mutation diseases and evaluating efficacy of potential therapies.
The membrane topology problem inherent in ciliogenesis is solved by ciliary recruitment of a phospholipid flippase
Authors: Wang Zhengmao , He Ruida , Liu Qingqing , Snell William J. , Cao Muqing , Pan Junmin 
Published: January 2025

SummaryThe cilium is a slender cellular projection whose membrane transduces signals essential in development and homeostasis. Although assembly of the axonemal core of the organelle is well-studied, the mechanisms that underlie formation of the ∼250 nm diameter ciliary membrane from oppositely curved 50-100 nm diameter pre-ciliary vesicles remain poorly understood. Here we report that during ciliogenesis in the bi-ciliated alga,Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, aminophospholipid flippase 2 (ALA2) is recruited laterally from a reservoir on the plasma membrane onto the nascent ciliary membrane where it transfers conically shaped phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) from the outer to the inner leaflet. In cells lacking ALA2, initiation of cilia regeneration after experimentally induced de-ciliation is delayed, PE flipping is impaired, the ciliary membrane becomes distorted, and cilia that do form are shorter than wild type. Our results uncover a membrane topology problem inherent in ciliogenesis and demonstrate that it is resolved by a phospholipid flippase.HighlightsMembranes of pre-ciliary vesicles reverse curvature to become the ciliary membraneUpon initiation of ciliogenesis, plasma membrane ALA2 transits laterally to ciliaThe ciliary membranes ofala2mutants fail to conform to axonemal shapeALA2 flips PE to establish ciliary membrane curvature
Leveraging High-Throughput Data to estimate Leukocyte Telomere Length in the Million Veteran Program
Authors: Iyer Kruthika R. , Vembu Prathima , Barad Alexa , Guarischi-Sousa Rodrigo , Sarro Joseph , Billing-Ross Paul , Assimes Themistocles L. , Clarke Shoa L. , Tcheandjieu Catherine , Huffman Jennifer E , Tsao Phil 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTelomeres are highly repeated DNA sequences that stop chromosome ends from fraying. They shorten as we age, making them markers of biological aging. In this study, we employed an innovative approach to estimate leukocyte telomere length (LTL) through the utilization of the bioinformatics tool TelSeq, leveraging existing whole-genome sequencing data sourced from the Department of Veteran Affairs’ Million Veteran Program (MVP) encompassing a cohort of 102,646 diverse individuals.Using the TelSeq-estimated LTL, we conducted parametric and non-parametric statistical analyses with demographic descriptors such as age, sex, and genetically inferred ancestry (GIA). Our results revealed a near-linear yet modest inverse correlation between age and LTL (ρ= −0.20, p < 1E-300). Specifically, each year increase in age corresponded to an 8bp LTL decrease (p < 1E-300) after adjusting for sex and GIA groups. Females had longer LTL than males, even after controlling for ancestry and age (β = 58 bp, p < 1E-300). Additionally, differences in LTL were observed among ancestry groups (Median LTLAfrican= 2.03kb, Median LTLEuropean= 2.01kb, Median LTLAdmixedAmerican= 2.00kb), however, these differences were not statistically significant between the two largest groups - African and European ancestry. To validate TelSeq-estimated LTL, we utilized methylation profiles of 140 cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotides (CpGs) on 28,669 individuals to derive DNA methylation-based telomere length estimator (DNAmTL). DNAmTL had a modest correlation with TelSeq-estimated LTL (ρ=0.21, p < 1E-300). Consistent with Telseq-estimated LTL, DNAmTL was inversely associated with age where each year increase corresponded to 16bp DNAmTL decrease (p < 1E-300) after adjusting for sex and GIA groups. After controlling for these parameters, males were also found to exhibit shorter DNAmTL than females (β = −98 bp, p < 1E-300), similar to observations from TelSeq-estimated LTL. Lastly, individuals of African and Admixed-American ancestry had longer DNAmTL than those of European ancestry.These findings align with existing literature elucidating the effects of age, sex, and ancestry on telomere length variations, and also represent the first comparison of TelSeq-derived LTL with methylation-derived DNAmTL. This valuable resource is now accessible to the broader MVP community, facilitating further telomere research.
Association of non-HDL-C and risk of incident hypertension
Authors: He Xinxin , Yin Lei , Zhao Yujie , Yang Bin , Zhao Yang , Fu Xueru , Wu Yuying , Wang Mengdi , Liu Mengna , Su Yijia , Ren Yongcheng , Liu Yu , Zhang Ming , Hu Dongsheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe study aimed to investigate the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and risk of incident hypertension, especially concerning the association of different levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-HDL-C with risk of incident hypertension.MethodsA total of 10,623 participants from the Rural Chinese Cohort Study were included in the analyses. Non-HDL-C is the total cholesterol in the blood minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) between non-HDL-C, LDL-C, and risk of incident hypertension were estimated using logistic regression models.ResultsDuring the 10-year follow-up, 3,110 newly diagnosed hypertensive patients were identified. After adjustment for potential confounders, baseline non-HDL-C level was associated with higher risk of hypertension: the OR for the highest vs lowest quartile was 1.79 (95% CI: 1.43-2.24). For each standard deviation (SD) increase in non-HDL-C, risk of incident hypertension increased by 41%. When LDL-C was within the ideal level (<2.6 mmol/L) but non-HDL-C was above the ideal level (≥3.4 mmol/L), the risk of incident hypertension was elevated by 56% compared to when both of them were at ideal levels. Conversely, no such increased risk was observed when the LDL-C level was non-ideal while non-HDL-C remained within the ideal level.ConclusionsSerum non-HDL-C level was found to be positively associated with the risk of incident hypertension in rural Chinese adults, an association independent of LDL-C, suggesting that further lowering of non-HDL-C by interventions to reduce residual risk of incident hypertension would be beneficial.
Metabolic Signatures of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response in Gynecologic Cancers: Insights from Flux Balance Analysis
Authors: Idumah Gideon , Li Lin , Yehia Lamis , Mahdi Haider , Ni Ying 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTModifiers of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) responses in cancer patients are complex and remain poorly characterized, especially in gynecologic cancers. In this study, we explored fluxomic biomarkers that differentiate responders from non-responders to ICIs in a series of 49 patients with gynecologic cancers, including ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers. By applying metabolic enzyme expression as constraints, we utilized an objective-customizable flux balance analysis within a genome-scale metabolic model to predict the metabolic flux differences between responders versus non-responders of ICI treatment. We identified three reactions with consistent differential activity across all ten different optimization objectives: Succinate Dehydrogenase (SUCD1m) in the citric acid cycle, NADH: Guanosine-5-Phosphate Oxidoreductase (r0276) involved in purine catabolism, and Ornithine Transaminase Reversible, Mitochondrial (ORNTArm) in the urea cycle. Additionally, reactions within the folate cycle subsystem, particularly involving MTHFD2, demonstrated significance in distinguishing treatment responses, aligning with previous findings linking MTHFD2 to immune evasion and tumor progression. To further analyze the association between metabolic features and survival outcomes, we implemented machine learning models that integrate multi-omics data. Our model included clinical-pathologic, molecular-genomic features (gene expression, TGF-β score, immune cell abundance from transcriptomic deconvolution), and significant reaction fluxes. Our findings suggest that SUCD1m, MTHFDm and ORNTArm are important metabolic biomarkers that could serve as predictive indicators for ICI response and, if validated in a larger cohort, may guide the development of targeted therapies to enhance treatment efficacy for gynecologic cancer patients. This study highlights the use of genome-scale metabolic modeling to identify clinically relevant biomarkers and improve therapeutic strategies.
miR-29a-3p and TGF-β Axis in Fanconi Anemia: Mechanisms Driving Metabolic Dysfunction and Genome Stability
Authors: Bertola Nadia , Regis Stefano , Cossu Vanessa , Balbi Matilde , Serra Martina , Corsolini Fabio , Bottino Cristina , Degan Paolo , Dufour Carlo , Pierri Filomena , Cappelli Enrico , Ravera Silvia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFanconi anemia (FA) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure and cancer susceptibility due to defective DNA double-strand break repair. However, FA cells are also characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction and redox imbalance. To identify a common factor among these alterations, we focused on miR-29a-3p, a microRNA involved in hematopoiesis. Our data show that miR-29a-3p is downregulated in lymphoblasts and fibroblasts mutated for the FANC-A gene, causing the overexpression of its target genes, FOXO3, SGK1, and IGF1, which results in PI3K/AKT pathway hyperactivation, altered mitochondrial metabolism and insufficient antioxidant response. Furthermore, miR-29a-3p downregulation appears associated with hyperactivation of the TGF-β signal. However, restoring miR-29a-3p expression improves mitochondrial metabolism, oxidative stress response, and DNA damage repair by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway and modulating TGF-β signaling by a feedback mechanism. Based on these findings, miR-29a-3p appears as a promising molecular target to address several mechanisms based on FA pathogenesis.