bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the efficacy of 3D-printed prosthetic reconstruction after pelvic tumour resection
Authors: Feng Qi , Li Zenghuai , Zhang Xiaoyu , Feng Jiangang , Wang Donglai 
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of using 3D printed pelvic prosthesis to reconstruct bone defect after pelvic tumor resection. From June 2018 to October 2021, a total of 10 patients with pelvic tumors underwent pelvic tumor resection and 3D printed customized hemipelvic prosthesis reconstruction in our hospital. Enneking pelvic surgery subdivision method was used to determine the degree of tumor invasion and the site of prosthesis reconstruction. 2 cases in Zone I, 2 cases in Zone II, 3 cases in Zone I + II, 2 cases in Zone II + III and 1 case in Zone I + II + III. Patients had preoperative VAS scores of 6.5 ± 1.3, postoperative VAS scores of 2.2 ± 0.9, preoperative MSTS-93 scores of 9.4 ± 5.3 and postoperative 19.4 ± 5.9( p < 0.05), all patients had improvement in pain after surgery; Postoperative complications included joint dislocation in 2 cases, myasthenia caused by Guillain-Barre syndrome in 1 case, delayed wound healing in 3 cases and wound infection in 2 cases. Postoperative wound-related complications and dislocations were associated with the extent of the tumor. Patients with tumor invasion of the iliopsoas and gluteus medius muscles had higher complication rates and worse postoperative MSTS scores ( p < 0.05). The patients were followed up for 8 ∼ 28 months. During the follow-up period, 1 case recurred, 4 cases metastasized and 1 case died. All pelvic CTs reviewed 3–6 months after surgery showed good alignment between the 3D printed prosthesis and the bone contact, and tomography showed the growth of trabecular structures into the bone. Overall pain scores decreased and functional scores improved in patients after 3D printed prosthesis replacement for pelvic tumor resection. Long-term bone ingrowth could be seen on the prosthesis-bone contact surface with good stability.
Evaluation of Radiographic Outcomes of Alveolar Graft Associated with Premaxillary Osteotomy Performed with rhBMP-2
Authors: Resende Leal Claudia , Rocha Leopoldo Aguiar , Carvalho Roberta Martinelli , Faco Renato André de Souza , Alonso Nivaldo , Ozawa Terumi Okada , Tonello Cristiano 
Published: February 2023

Objective To evaluate the influence of filling material and timing of surgery on radiograph outcomes of alveolar grafting with premaxillary osteotomy. The null hypothesis was that radiographic outcomes would be similar with both rhBMP-2 (rhBMP-2G) and cancellous bone from the iliac crest (IG), regardless of the timing of surgery. Design Cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling of 56 periapical or occlusal radiographs taken 12 months after surgery. Setting A single tertiary craniofacial center. Patients/Participants Twenty-eight patients with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate and mean age of 13 years. The individuals underwent bilateral alveolar grafting associated with premaxillary osteotomy (AG + PO) with rhBMP-2 or cancellous bone from the iliac crest. Interventions Experienced maxillofacial surgeons used the same surgical technique in both groups. AG + PO were assigned as success or failure by 3 blinded raters based on modified Bergland and SWAG scales. Main Outcome Measures The influence of filling materials and timing of surgery on radiographic outcomes was verified by Fisher's exact test and chi-square test ( P < .05). Results There was no significance variation between the mean age of participants in the rhBMP-2G and IG ( P = .471). Scales showed almost perfect reliability (agreement rate = 96.4%; K = 0.85). rhBMP-2G and IG had similar success rates with modified Bergland scale (85.7% and 82.1%) and SWAG scale (92.9% and 82.1%), respectively. However, only modified Bergland scale found influence of age on radiographic outcomes ( P = .025). Conclusions AG + PO performed with rhBMP-2 and iliac crest bone showed similar radiographic success rates, regardless of the timing of surgery.
Aberrant p53 Expression in Gastric Biopsies and Resection Specimens Following Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation: A Diagnostic Pitfall
Authors: Hutchings Danielle A. , Salimian Kevan J. , Waters Kevin M. , Birkness-Gartman Jacqueline E. , Voltaggio Lysandra , Assarzadegan Naziheh , Huang Jialing , Lin Ming-Tseh , Singhi Aatur D. , Montgomery Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2023

Gastric mucosal biopsies and resections from patients treated with neoadjuvant radiation and/or chemotherapy are frequently encountered. These samples may show histologic features related to therapy including inflammation, ulceration, and epithelial atypia. In some cases, epithelial atypia may be marked, prompting the use of adjunct p53 immunohistochemistry. We examined p53 expression by immunohistochemistry in gastric mucosa following therapy. We evaluated the histology and p53 immunohistochemical expression in gastric mucosa from 5 7 resections and 3 mucosal biopsies, from 60 patients treated with radiation and/or chemotherapy for gastroesophageal carcinoma (n  =  33) or pancreatic carcinoma (n  =  27). We identified histomorphologic features of therapy-related epithelial changes in 50 of 60 cases (83%). Abnormal p53 expression was present at least focally in nearly half the cases (27 of 60 cases; 45%), all of which showed morphologic evidence of therapy-related epithelial changes . Neuroendocrine cell micronests were present in 37 of 60 cases (62%). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of foci with therapy-related epithelial changes showing abnormal p53 expression and carcinoma from the same patient was attempted and yielded results in 1 patient. Interestingly, differing TP53 alterations in the patient's adenocarcinoma and in a histologically benign esophageal submucosal gland with therapy-related epithelial changes and abnormal p53 expression were identified. Our results demonstrate that abnormal p53 expression is relatively common in gastric mucosal samples following radiation and/or chemotherapy and suggest that p53 expression should be avoided when distinguishing therapy -related changes from dysplasia or carcinoma. Furthermore, our NGS results raise interesting biological questions, which may warrant further investigation.
Observing dominant dual-mode second-harmonic (DMSH) generation in an isotropic nonlinear elastic cylindrical waveguide
Authors: Kanakambaran Krishnadas V , Balasubramaniam Krishnan 
Published: February 2023

Nonlinear ultrasonic techniques have gained much interest owing to their microstructural characterisation capabilities, which can help in early-state defect detection and provide timely maintenance activity calls. Microstructural features such as micro-cracks, precipitates or dislocations can be accessed while studying higher harmonics data via amplitude analysis. A proper understanding of second harmonic modes shall provide clarity and insights into the defect type. This paper studies and analyses the second harmonic wave modes generated while exciting fundamental torsional mode(T(0,1)) in a cylindrical wire waveguide structure. The work presents the presence of a simultaneously propagating dominant dual-mode second-harmonic (DMSH), fundamental longitudinal (l(0,1)) mode and an orthogonal-torsional (t(0,1)┴) mode generated on a cylindrical steel wire waveguide of 1 mm diameter while excited with a T(0,1) mode in a large domain. The presence of two dominant modes at second harmonic frequency is the reason for terming this phenomenon DMSH. The DMSH was observed and analysed using numerical simulations and validated experimentally. This work attempts to extend the study of DMSH generation on thin plates with SH0 mode with the analogy of cylindrical structures for rod waves with T(0,1) mode. However, in the present study of cylindrical waveguides, at primary frequency also, dual flexural modes (F(1,1)-F(1,2)) with approximately similar group velocities to DMSH were observed. These wave modes were identified with Fourier transform methods (STFT and 2D-FFT) and interpreted using dispersion curves. The dual-mode wave packets will separate in the time domain if the travel length exceeds the minimum separation distance of approximately 60 λ, depending on the variation in their respective group velocities. This approach can provide important implications for highly sensitive long-range early-state defect detection and structural health monitoring in cylindrical structures with improved insights into the generated wave modes.
Establishing the Relationship Between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Emotional Facial Expression Recognition Deficit: A Systematic Review
Authors: Olaya-Galindo Maria Daniela , Vargas-Cifuentes Oscar Alberto , Vélez Van-Meerbeke Alberto , Talero-Gutiérrez Claudia 
Published: February 2023

Objective: In this review, we examined if there is a deficit in facial recognition of emotion (FER) in children, adolescents, and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Background: Emotional regulation is impaired in ADHD. Although a facial emotion recognition deficit has been described in this condition, the underlying causal mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: The search was performed in six databases in September 2022. Studies assessing children, adolescents, or adults with isolated or comorbid ADHD that evaluated participants using a FER task were included. Results: Twelve studies out of 385 were selected, with participants ranging in age from 6 to 37.1 years. A deficit in FER specific to ADHD, or secondary to comorbid autism spectrum disorder, anxiety, and oppositional symptoms, was found. Conclusions: There is a FER deficit in patients with ADHD. Adults showed improved recognition accuracy, reflecting partial compensation. ADHD symptoms and comorbidities appear to influence FER deficits.
Biliary Atresia Remnants Revisited: Myogenesis, Hepatic Duct-Like Structures, and Fate of Peribiliary Glands
Authors: Bove Kevin E. , Finegold Milton J. , Harpavat Sanjiv 
Published: February 2023

Purpose and Context: Proximal levels of excised remnants from youngest infants may reveal early features of biliary atresia (BA). Method: A targeted IHC survey was applied to 34 most proximal 2 levels in 17 BA remnants excised at age 10–74 days including 7 = <30 days old and 6 control hepatic ducts (HD). Key Results: Severity of inflammation and extent of active fibroplasia do not distinguish proximal remnants in younger (n = 7) and older (n = 10) infants. In 27/34 levels of 14/17 remnants, reactive stroma is focally SM-MHC-2 (+), marking smooth muscle myosin, termed reactive myogenesis (RM), that is absent in controls. RM facilitates identification of 3 novel hepatic duct remnants (HDR): an HD-like collagen collar lined by degenerating cholangiocytes (n = 5); erosion defects in loose reactive stroma (n = 14); solitary foci of hyperplastic squamoid epithelium (n = 4). Peribiliary glands are either hyperplastic or atretic and typically lack RM. Conclusion: Minimally inflammed end-stage lesions in BA remnants occur at youngest ages favoring prenatal onset. Three novel HDR are defined. RM, a useful surrogate for HDR, is a prevalent inappropriate stromal reaction in proximal remnants of uncertain biological significance. RM is the source of mature smooth muscle in BA remnants.
Analgesic efficacy of an ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block with bupivacaine in cats: a randomised, prospective, masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Garbin Marta , Ruel Hélène LM , Watanabe Ryota , Malo Annie , Monteiro Beatriz P , Steagall Paulo V 
Published: February 2023

Objectives This randomised, prospective, masked clinical trial evaluated the postoperative analgesic efficacy of an ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) with bupivacaine in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Methods Thirty-two healthy adult female cats undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy were randomised to undergo TAPB with bupivacaine (treatment group [TG], n = 16) vs placebo (control group [CG], n = 16) in addition to preoperative analgesia with buprenorphine (0.02 mg/kg IM). All patients received a general anaesthetic and, before surgical incision, a bilateral two-point (subcostal and lateral–longitudinal) TAPB was performed using 1 ml/kg bupivacaine 0.25% (0.25 ml/kg/point) or saline. Each cat was assessed by a blinded investigator before premedication (0 h) and at 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 10 and 24 h postoperatively using the UNESP-Botucatu Feline Pain Scale – short form. Buprenorphine (0.02 mg/kg IV) and meloxicam (0.2 mg/kg SC) were administered when pain scores were ⩾4/12. Ten hours postoperatively, meloxicam was administered to cats that did not receive rescue analgesia. Statistical analysis included Student’s t-tests, Wilcoxon tests and χ2 tests, and a linear mixed model with Bonferroni corrections ( P <0.05). Results Of the 32 cats enrolled, three in the CG were excluded from the analysis. The prevalence of rescue analgesia was significantly higher in the CG (n = 13/13) than in the TG (n = 3/16; P <0.001). Only one cat in the CG required rescue analgesia twice. Pain scores were significantly higher in the CG compared with the TG at 2, 4 and 8 h postoperatively. Mean ± SD pain scores were significantly higher in the CG, but not in the TG, at 2 (2.1 ± 1.9), 3 (1.9 ± 1.6), 4 (3.0 ± 1.4) and 8 h postoperatively (4.7 ± 0.6) than at 0 h (0.1 ± 0.3). Conclusions and relevance A bilateral ultrasound-guided two-point TAPB with bupivacaine in combination with systemic buprenorphine provided superior postoperative analgesia than buprenorphine alone in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.
Comparing post-maturation outcomes of arteriovenous grafts and fistulae
Authors: Hafeez Muhammad Saad , Eslami Mohammad H , Chaer Rabih A , Yuo Theodore H 
Published: February 2023

Background: Though arteriovenous grafts (AVG) mature more reliably than arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) and require fewer maturation procedures (MP) to obtain functional patency, AVG are thought to have worse function after maturation. We explored differences in post-maturation outcomes between the following groups: AVF patients who did (AS-AVF) and did not (unAS-AVF) require assisted maturation and AVG patients who did (AS-AVG) and did not (unAS-AVG) require assisted maturation. Methods: Using the US Renal Data System (2012–2017), we retrospectively identified patients who initiated dialysis with a central venous catheter, underwent AVF or AVG placement and achieved successful two-needle cannulation. Primary patency and access abandonment after maturation were compared across groups using competing risks regression methods, generating sub-hazards ratios (sHR). Results: We identified 42,664 AVF and 12,335 AVG that met inclusion criteria. A larger proportion of AVFs required interventions: 18,408 AVF (43.2%) versus 2594 AVG (21.0%; p < 0.01). Both AS-AVG and AS-AVF patients experienced patency loss at 1 year more frequently compared with unAS-AVG (67.5% & 57.5% vs 55.2% respectively). Patency loss was lowest in unAS-AVF (38.9%). These trends were robust on adjusted analysis (unAS-AVG reference, AS-AVG sHR = 1.44, p < 0.01; AS-AVF sHR = 1.08, p < 0.01, unAS-AVF sHR = 0.67, p < 0.01). AS-AVGs were more likely to be abandoned than unAS-AVGs (11.7% unAS-AVG vs 17.2% AS-AVG). Fistulae, assisted or not, had lower unadjusted rates of 1-year abandonment than grafts (8.9% AS-AVF vs 7.3% unAS-AVF). On adjusted analysis, AVF usage was protective against abandonment (unAS-AVG, reference; AS-AVF sHR = 0.67, p < 0.01; unAS-AVF sHR = 0.59, p < 0.01) while AS-AVG was not (AS-AVG sHR = 1.32, p < 0.01). Conclusions: unAS-AVF have the best long-term outcomes. AS-AVF lose primary patency at a higher rate than unAS-AVG. AVGs may be a better choice than AVFs if veins are marginal and likely to require assisted maturation. Further research is needed to identify anatomic and physiologic factors that affect long-term performance and influence conduit choice.
Validation of the effectiveness of augmented reality-assisted vascular puncture: An experimental model
Authors: Morillas Pérez Jordi , Mechó Meca Sandra , Caballero Galindo Gerardo , Miguel Pérez-Llano Jesús 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: To demonstrate that the augmented reality-assisted puncture technique improves the efficacy of ultrasound-guided puncture to get central venous access (CVA), allows the image to be obtained without limitations, freeing the hands and keeping the gaze continuously on the working field, which contributes to improving the safety of the procedure. Material and methods: A gelatin mould with a latex surface and a chicken breast with silicone tubes inside were used to simulate vascular punctures. Images were obtained by an ultrasound scanner and post-processed with a specific software. A hologram was obtained and projected onto the previously delimited surface to be punctured. The variables related to image acquisition, the characteristics of the structure to be cannulated and the percentage of successes in the first attempt were analysed. Six operators were involved, using different ultrasound scanners. Efficiency was examined after the application of technical improvements in the process. Results: Seventy-six punctures were performed, guided by two different ultrasound scanners, divided into two groups: 37 with 33 successes (sigma = 3.52 with a process efficiency of 97.98%) and after technical improvements, 39 with 38 successes (sigma = 4.07 with a process efficiency of 99.4%). There are no significant differences among the operators (X2 p = 0.47) and between the ultrasound scanners (X2 p = 0.56). Conclusions: The augmented reality ultrasound-assisted CVA technique may be the next step in standardising the process of cannulation of vascular structures. This technique provides greater accuracy, greater comfort by freeing the hands and keeping the gaze on the working field, better ultrasound image quality, and eliminates variability between operators and sonographers.
Adenosine deaminase-based measurement in the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Gao Lijuan , Wang Wujun , Zhang Ying , Hu Xueru , An Jing , Li Yang , Chen Mei , Shen Yongchun 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The differential diagnosis of pleural effusion is difficult, and studies have reported on the potential role of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in the differential diagnosis of undiagnosed pleural effusion. This retrospective study aimed to investigate the diagnostic role of ADA in pleural effusion. Methods: 266 patients with pleural effusion from three centers were enrolled. The concentrations of ADA and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured in pleural fluids and serum samples of the patients. The diagnostic performance of ADA-based measurement for tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE), malignant pleural effusion (MPE), and parapneumonic effusion (PPE) was examined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: An area under the ROC curve (AUC) value of 0.909 was obtained using the pleural ADA values as the indicator for TPE identification (sensitivity: 87.50%, specificity: 87.82%). The ratio of serum LDH to pleural ADA (cancer ratio) provided the predictive capacity with an AUC of 0.879 for MPE diagnosis (sensitivity: 95.04%, specificity: 67.06%). At a cut-off value of 14.29, the pleural ADA/LDH ratio showed a sensitivity and specificity of 81.13% and 83.67%, respectively, and a high AUC value of 0.888 for the differential diagnosis of PPE from TPE. Conclusion: ADA-based measurement is helpful for the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion. Further studies should be performed to validate these results.
Immune repertoire and responses to neoadjuvant TCHP therapy in HER2-positive breast cancer
Authors: Shin Junyoung , Ham Baknoon , Seo Jeong-Han , Lee Sae Byul , Park In Ah , Gong Gyungyub , Kim Sung-Bae , Lee Hee Jin 
Published: February 2023

Background: Despite the introduction of trastuzumab, pathologic complete response (pCR) is not attained in approximately 30–40% of Human epithelial growth factor receptor-2-positive breast cancer. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) have been suggested as a predictive marker of treatment response, albeit not always effective. We investigated the relationship between trastuzumab, docetaxel, carboplatin, and pertuzumab (TCHP) treatment and immune repertoire as a treatment response predictor. Design: In all, 35 cases were divided into two experimental groups: 10 and 25 cases in the preliminary and main experiments, respectively. In the preliminary experiment, the biopsy tissues before TCHP treatment and the surgical tissues after TCHP treatment were compared. In the main experiment, the biopsy tissues before TCHP treatment were compared according to the TCHP treatment response. Methods: The T-cell repertoire for TRA, TRB, TRG, and TRD, and B-cell repertoire for immunoglobulin heavy, immunoglobulin kappa, and immunoglobulin lambda were evaluated. Whole transcriptome sequencing was also performed. Results: In the preliminary experiment, the density and richness of the T-cell receptor (TCR) and B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoires decreased after treatment, regardless of TCHP response. In the main experiment, the Shannon’s entropy index, density, and length of CDR3 of the TCR and BCR repertoires did not differ significantly in patients who did and did not achieve pCR. The pCR and non-pCR subgroups according to the level of TILs revealed that the non-pCR/lowTIL group had a higher proportion of low-frequency clones than the pCR/lowTIL group in TRA (non-pCR/lowTIL versus pCR/lowTIL, 0.01–0.1%, 63% versus 45.3%; <0.01%, 32.9% versus 51.8%, p < 0.001) and TRB (non-pCR/lowTIL versus pCR/lowTIL, 0.01–0.1%, 26.5% versus 14.7%; <0.01%, 72.0% versus 84.1%, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The role of the diversity, richness, and density of the TCR and BCR repertoires as predictive markers for TCHP response was not identified. Compositions of low-frequency clones could be candidates for predictive factors of TCHP response; however, validation studies and further research are necessary.
Olfaction Now and in the Future in CRSwNP
Authors: Qureshi Hannan A , Lane Andrew P 
Published: February 2023

Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is the leading cause of olfactory dysfunction in the general population. Olfactory dysfunction is more common in patients with CRS with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) compared to those without polyps. Purpose The present review aims to summarize the current literature on the mechanism behind olfactory dysfunction in CRSwNP and the impact of therapy on olfactory outcomes in this patient population. Methods A comprehensive review of the available literature on olfaction in CRSwNP was performed. We evaluated the most recent evidence from studies on the mechanisms behind smell loss in CRSwNP and the impact of medical and surgical therapy for CRS on olfactory outcomes. Results The mechanism behind olfactory dysfunction in CRSwNP is not completely understood, but evidence from clinical research and animal models suggests both an obstructive component causing conductive olfactory loss and an inflammatory response in the olfactory cleft leading to sensorineural olfactory loss. Oral steroids and endoscopic sinus surgery have both shown efficacy in improving olfactory outcomes in CRSwNP in the short term; however, the long-term response of these treatments remains uncertain. Newer targeted biologic therapies, such as dupilumab, have also shown remarkable and durable improvement in smell loss for CRSwNP patients. Conclusion Olfactory dysfunction is highly prevalent in the CRSwNP population. Although significant advances have been made in our understanding of olfactory dysfunction in the setting of CRS, additional studies are needed to elucidate cellular and molecular changes mediated by type 2-mediated inflammation in the olfactory epithelium with potential downstream effects on the central olfactory system. Further identification of these underlying basic mechanisms will be vital for developing future therapies targeted to improve olfactory dysfunction in patients with CRSwNP.