bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polarization Properties of Blazars
Authors: Chen Guohai , Liang Jingchao , Zeng Xiangtao , Zhang Zhuang , Ye Xuhong , Xiao Hubing , Pei Zhiyuan , Fan Junhui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Blazars are an extreme subclass of active galactic nuclei showing rapid and large-amplitude variability, high and variable polarization, strong γ-ray emissions, or superluminal motion, etc. If a strong beaming effect is the reason for the extreme observation properties, then one would expect that these properties would be correlated with each other. In this paper, we compiled a sample of 341 blazars with optical polarization and other data, and investigated the correlation between the optical polarization and multi-wavelength luminosity, as well as apparent velocity. Our analysis comes to the following conclusions: (1) Polarization and observed luminosity (at radio, optical, and γ-ray bands) are all positively correlated in BL Lacertae (BL Lac) objects. (2) A γ-ray source or a higher apparent velocity source tend to have a higher polarization. (3) The polarization distributions of BL Lac objects and flat spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) come from different parent distribution, with the polarization in Bl Lac objects being higher than that in FSRQs.
Census of the avian richness of the W Benin Park
Authors: Justine KOTIN M. , Jean-Cosssi GANGLO 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Observations were made in the W Park to inventory the avian fauna of this site. This study was undertaken to determine the avian wealth of the Park W Benin. Periodic and regular observations from 2010 to 2017 have helped to establish a list of different species of birds found in the park, in order to develop strategies for good conservation and tourism development of this part of the biodiversity of the Park. A total of 16,616 observation points were georeferenced.
Prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia in patients visiting dental OPD of a dental college in Kanpur: A demographic study
Authors: Srivastava Rahul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aims and objectives: Tic douloureux is another name for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). The first report of TN can be found in the writing of Avicenna in the 11th century, but John Fothergill gave the modern description of TN in his 1773 paper on the subject. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of Trigeminal Neuralgia (TGN) among north Indian population.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on the prevalence of Trigeminal neuralgia was conducted in the outpatient department of Oral Medicine and Radiology during a period of 5 years (1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019) months. All selected patients over the age of 18 were asked for their TN history using a structured questionnaire based on diagnostic criteria of trigeminal neuralgia according to the beta-version of the 3rd edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD3-beta) after acquiring their personal data (name, age, gender and address).Descriptive statistics included calculation of means and percentages. Data distribution was assessed for normality using Shapiro-Wilk test to check whether a sample came from a normally distributed population or not. The chi-square test is used to determine whether there is a significant difference between the expected frequencies and the observed frequencies in one or more categories. Student’s t-test was used to test the means between the samples. All values were considered statistically significant for a value of p<0.05.
Results: Results: Out of 1500 patients, 26.67%were male and 73.33% were female. The peak incidence was in the age range of 60-70 years. Maxillary nerve (71.1%) was most commonly is involved followed by mandibular (20.2%) and ophthalmic (8.7%) nerve. The right side of the face (80%) was more involved than the left side (20%) of the face. The majority of patients described their attack as a shock like and of spontaneous onset.
Conclusion: TN is often misdiagnosed as toothache, resulting in root canal therapy and tooth extractions. To recognize and manage this problem, an interprofessional strategy involving the primary care physician, dentist, neurologist, anesthesiologist, and neurosurgeon is required. Correct diagnosis and management can benefit patients and result in a good prognosis.
Subgingival application of 0.5% Azithromycin gel as a local drug delivery system as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in controlled diabetic patients- An in vivo study
Authors: Gupta Madhukar , Kapoor Anjali , Vijay Sharmistha , Sharma Vineet , Sharma Pradeep , Jain Saurabh 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: A recent trend involving the use of local delivery systems to deliver chemotherapeutic agents implies improved periodontal health. As part of this study, a locally delivered 0.5% azithromycin gel was evaluated for its clinical and microbiological efficacy in treating chronic periodontitis patients with controlled diabetes.
Material and Methods: The split-mouth study design was used in this randomized control trial. The study included 50 sites from 25 patients who had pocket depths greater than 5 mm and were diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. Two treatment groups were randomly assigned: scaling and root planing only (control group) or scaling and root planing with 0.5% azithromycin gel (test group). At selected sites, gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were analyzed for both groups at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks.
Result & observations: Both the test and control groups had improved parameters when compared to baseline. The depth of the probing pocket was 6.64±1.07 mm and 7.36±1.15 mm at baseline, which decreased to 4.84±0.59 mm and 4.32±0.98 mm respectively at 12 weeks. The difference was statistically significant at p<0.001. Statistically significant difference in clinical attachment levels between baseline and 12 weeks, at p<0.001. The results of all microbiological categories improved significantly in both groups, while the test group showed a greater improvement.
Conclusion: It was concluded that locally delivered azithromycin could be beneficial in treating chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes when used in conjunction with scaling and root planing.
Keywords: Local drug delivery, Periodontal disease, Diabetes, Azithromycin gel.
Influence of water electrolysis products on diesel engine performance in Colombia
Authors: Moreno-Gamboa Faustino , Guerrero-Gomez Gustavo , Caicedo-Rolon Alvaro Jr. 
Published: July 2023

Restrictions imposed by regulatory frameworks, the high cost of fuels, environmental impacts and the efficiency of internal combustion engines encourage research into reducing the consumption of fossil fuels. Additionally, to think about the alternative energy sources. In compression ignition engines, researchers around the world have been working for years on the use of biodiesel fuel, in order to reduce emissions and the consumption of diesel fuel. In other investigations, water electrolysis products obtained in an HHO gas generator and supplied to an internal combustion engine allow for improving performance, reducing fuel consumption and emissions. HHO gas is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen resulting from the electrolysis process of water, with energy supplied by an electric source or accumulator. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of an HHO generator products in a diesel engine that operates with diesel fuel produced in Colombia with 10 % biodiesel. The objective of this study is evaluated the influence of gas HHO on mechanical performance, fuel consumption, and polluting emissions in a single-cylinder diesel engine, performing a comparative analysis when the HHO generator operates with different amperages. The results showed a 25 % average reduction in fuel consumption between 1500 y 2500 engine revolutions when the HHO cell operated with 8 amperes. The breaking power maximum value increased a 10 %, and CO and PM10 emissions were reduced by 14 % and 53 %, respectively, at 1000 rpm. It is possible to conclude that supplying water electrolysis products in the fuel-air mixture increases the mechanical performance of a diesel engine and reduces polluting gas emissions. Additionally, research areas are opened in the development of HHO generators and standards for the application of this technology
Carbon constraints, industrial structure upgrading, and green total factor productivity: an empirical study based on the Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors: You Xiaoyue , Li Zhenqiang , Yi Ying 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Reducing carbon emissions, upgrading industrial structure, and promoting green total factor productivity are important ways to tackle global climate change. The Yangtze River Economic Belt is an important economic region and industrial corridor in China. Using the panel data of 11 provinces in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2020, this study calculates industrial green total factor productivity using the super-efficient SBM model, and analyzes its evolution trends in time and space. This study discusses how carbon constraints and industrial structure upgrading affect green total factor productivity by using benchmark regression and the intermediary effect model. The results show that green total factor productivity is fluctuating and rising over time, and is in a gradient decreasing spatial distribution from the Yangtze River Delta to Urban Agglomeration in the Middle Reaches to Chengdu–Chongqing Economic Zone; carbon constraints, industrial structure upgrading, and their synergy have a positive effect on the industrial green total factor productivity; industrial structure upgrading has partial intermediary effects, and can help carbon constraints positively impact on industrial green development. Based on the above results, reducing carbon emission and accelerating industrial structure upgrading are important for achieving economic and ecological sustainability.
A diverse influence of dissolved natural organic matter on light irradiance measurements in lakes
Authors: Haaland Ståle , Haga Jonatan , Wien Øivind 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Light penetration plays a vital role in lakes and drinking water reservoirs, influencing fundamental processes such as primary production and thermal budgets. The Secchi depth (ZSD) and the compensation depth (ZCD) are commonly used measurements in this context. ZSD is determined through visual inspection using a Secchi disc, while ZCD represents the depth at which photosynthetic activity balances respiration and can be measured using a quantum irradiance sensor. Through in situ water-core samples from 23 lakes within a lake district in Southeastern Norway, we observed that DNOM exerts a diverse influence on these light irradiance measurements. If DNOM concentrations are reduced to half or a quarter of the current concentration, similar to what was measured during the 1980s, the median ZCD:ZSD ratios are estimated to have decreased by approximately 30 and 60% since then, respectively. Conversely, a plausible future climate-driven doubling or quadrupling of the present DNOM concentrations are estimated to further decrease the median ZCD:ZSD ratios in the lake district with approximately 10 and 25%, respectively. From this, the ZCD:ZSD ratios seem to have experienced a considerable long-term decline attributed to both climate change and the recovery from acid rain, and a further climate-driven decrease is expected.
Exploring the nexus of water insecurity and psychological distress in Windhoek's informal settlements, Namibia
Authors: Shinyemba Tobias Willem , Cloete Khanyisile 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Water insecurity has long been a pressing issue, particularly in the informal settlements of Windhoek. The current study aims to investigate the relationship between water insecurity and residents' psychological distress in Windhoek's informal settlements. The study draws upon secondary data collected by Future Resilience for African Cities and Lands in 2017. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to establish the relationship between water insecurity, psychological distress, and three manifest variables (source of income, housing type, and household structure). The study findings revealed a positive association between housing type and psychological distress (β = 0.056, p &lt; 0.001). Household structure was negatively associated with psychological distress (β = −0.035, p &lt; 0.001) and water insecurity (β = −0.054, p &lt; 0.001). In addition, a positive association (β = 0.595, p &lt; 0.001) was found between water insecurity and psychological distress, suggesting that water scarcity negatively impacts residents' mental well-being. The study highlights the need to address the issue of water insecurity in informal settlements across Windhoek. This can be achieved by setting measures to make water and essential sanitation services more accessible and affordable to residents in these communities. Such approaches would help mitigate the effect of water insecurity on the psychological distress of persons living in informal settlements and create more resilient and sustainable settlements.
Culturable mycobiota of drinking water in Göteborg (Sweden) in comparison to Ljubljana (Slovenia) with implications on human health
Authors: Babič Monika Novak , Gunde-Cimerman Nina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The European Union currently has no specific regulations on fungi in water. The only country where fungi are listed as the parameter is Sweden, with the maximal number of 100 CFU per 100 mL. The present study thus compared culturable mycobiota from Swedish drinking water with Slovenian, which has no specific requirements for fungi. Fungi were isolated with up to 38 CFU/L from 75% of Swedish samples. The most common were the genera Varicosporellopsis (27.3%), Paracremonium (14.5%), and black yeasts Cadophora, Cyphellophora, and Exophiala (18.2%). Using the same sampling and isolation methods, 90% of tap water samples in Slovenia were positive for fungi, with Aspergillus spp. (46%), Aureobasidium melanogenum (36%), and Exophiala spp. (24%) being the most common. The observed differences between countries are likely the consequence of geographical location, the use of different raw water sources, and water treatment methods. However, the core species and emerging fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto, Exophiala phaeomuriformis, Bisifusarium dimerum, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa were isolated in both studies. These findings point out the relevance of tracking the presence of emerging fungi with known effects on health in drinking water and encourage further studies on their transmission from raw water sources to the end-users.
Surfaces with modified morphology and wettability arrangement: a potential medium for water harvesting in desertification areas
Authors: Zhang Tongqian , Xi Yan , Wang Han , Zhang ZengZhi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The cost of water transport for irrigating drought-endurable plants in desertification areas makes it important to develop other water sources. Research shows that freshwater produced by dewing could satisfy the water requirement during germination of desert plants, therefore, functional materials that promote dew formation provide solutions for reduction of plant irrigation costs in desertification regions. In this review, feasibility of utilizing trace irrigation for ensuring survival of desert plants has been demonstrated. The technologies of preparing water harvesting materials with modified microstructure and wettability arrangement have been introduced, it has been shown that surface embedded with a bump array which has counter wettability compared with its plane section is a common morphology adopted by current works. After comparing climates in desertification regions with those in dewing chambers, it has been found that currently, the expected values of dew productivities of most water harvesting materials in deserted areas will not be as efficient as they performed in experiments due to low relative humidity. However, hydrophobic surface with submicron scale hydrophilic spherical cavity array produced by nanosphere lithography has shown reliable prospects in reducing the energy barrier of heterogeneous nucleation and thus become a more potential medium in dew water production.
Research on the application of BIM-based green construction management in the whole life cycle of hydraulic engineering
Authors: Yang Zhen , Li Meihong , Chen En dian , Li Hao , Cheng Shi Cong , Zhao Fang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Taking the construction management of green water conservancy projects combined with BIM as the research background, we analyzed the application of BIM technology in green construction management. The results also showed that the overall trend of green construction management research is on the rise, the research on green construction management at home and abroad is relatively close, and the research directions tend to be intelligent and informative, but there is relatively little research on water conservancy engineering. Combining the current green construction standards of water conservancy projects, the related literature, and the current situation of the application of BIM technology in water conservancy project construction management, the concept of green construction of water conservancy projects and the core requirements of BIM technology for whole-life-cycle green construction are proposed. The new green construction technology was applied in combination with BIM to form a collaborative and scaled multiparty management structure map for the whole process area, build a framework system for green construction management of water conservancy projects, and design a specific implementation process for the application of real-time green construction simulation systems in BIM.
Sewage phosphorus recovery through sachets loaded with water treatment plant sludge
Authors: Coelho Miriam Gabrielle , Franco Débora de Melo , Siqueira Juliano Curi de , Ribeiro Ivan Célio Andrade , Crippa Rodolfo Appoloni , Fia Ronaldo , Matos Mateus Pimentel de 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) present low phosphorus (P) removal capacity. Conversely, water treatment plants (WTPs) produce sludge with great P sorption from wastewater; however, directly adding the sludge into the wastewater treatment system could increase the effluent turbidity. As a novel approach, the present study evaluated the performance of WTP sludge within paper sachets for P removal from treated sewage. Different sludge concentrations (2–30 g L−1) and contact times (1–27 d) were applied to treat sewage from a university WWTP outlet. The sludge was characterized by P, Fe, and Al content. Larger sludge masses showed higher P removal efficiencies due to their high Fe content, especially at longer contact times (up to 100% at the final of the experiment). However, there is a more significant P reduction in the first 10 d (more than 90% in the most efficient treatment – 30 mg L−1). Based on the kinetic and isotherm analyses and the sludge chemical composition, precipitation proved to be a mechanism of great importance in P removal. Therefore, WTP sludge sachets can be a promising way to remove P from sewage, and the formed solid waste might be reused as an alternative fertilizer.
Prediction of the roughness coefficient for drainage pipelines with sediments using GA-BPNN
Authors: Sun Bin , Zheng Wei , Tong An , Di Danyang , Li Zhiwei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Accurate prediction of the roughness coefficient of sediment-containing drainage pipes can help engineers optimize urban drainage systems. In this paper, the variation of the roughness coefficient of circular drainage pipes containing different thicknesses of sediments under different flows and slopes was studied by experimental measurements. Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Genetic Algorithm-Back Propagation Neural Network (GA-BPNN) were used to predict the roughness coefficient. To explore the potential of artificial neural networks to predict the roughness coefficient, a formula based on drag segmentation was established to calculate the roughness coefficient. The results show that the variation trend of the roughness coefficient with flow, hydraulic radius, and Reynolds number is consistent. With the increase of the three parameters, the roughness coefficient decreases overall. Compared to the traditional empirical formula, the BPNN model and the GA-BPNN model increased the determination factors in the testing stage by 3.47 and 3.99%, respectively, and reduced the mean absolute errors by 41.18 and 47.06%, respectively. The study provides an intelligent method for accurate prediction of sediment-containing drainage pipes roughness coefficient.
Current Developments in Synthetic Protocols for Pyrazolines and Analogs
Authors: Kumar Rajnish , Singh Himanshu , Mazumder Avijit , Salahuddin  , Yadav Ranjeet Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
The pyrazoline moiety is present in several commercialized molecules with a wide
range of applications, which has established their importance in the pharmaceutical, agricultural
and industrial sectors. A large number of patents have been granted on research related
to pyrazolines. Due to its broad-spectrum usefulness, scientists are continuously captivated by
pyrazolines and their derivatives to study their chemistry. Several synthesis strategies can
prepare pyrazolines or their analogs, and the focus will always be on new greener and more
economical ways for its synthesis. Among all the methods, chalcones, hydrazines, diazo compounds,
and hydrazones have been most commonly applied in different reaction conditions
for the synthesis of pyrazoline and its analogs synthesis. However, there are a lot of scopes for
other molecules like Huisgen zwitter ions, different metal catalysts, and nitrile imine to be
used as starting reagents. The presented article consists of recently reported synthetic protocols of pyrazoline and
its derivatives, which will be very useful to the researchers.