bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faith Formation in Light of Vatican II
Authors: Regan Jane E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Gravissimum Educationis, the document of Vatican II that most explicitly addresses Catholic education, attends primarily to Catholic schools. At the same time, that document and this chapter look to the broader context of continuing the Christian tradition across generations. Two key motifs present in the documents of the council serve as the framework for tracing the contemporary understanding of faith formation of adults, youth, and children as it has evolved in the decades following Vatican II: (1) theological anthropology with the emphasis on the human being as graced, as relational, and as called to solidarity with all of the created order, particularly the most vulnerable and the oppressed; and (2) evangelization as the fundamental mission of the Church and all its members. Tracing the implications of these two themes, this chapter includes implications for catechesis/faith formation and sets out questions that shape the future of religious education.
Five-year cardiovascular event risk in early rheumatoid arthritis patients who received treat-to-target management: a case-control study
Authors: Lam Tsz On , Cheng Isaac T , Lam Steven H , Mok Chi Chiu , Ho Carmen T , Cheung Tommy T , Lao Virginia W , Pang Hin Ting , To Chi Hung , Yim Cheuk Wan , Ng Alexandra , Kwok Kitty Y , Lee Ka Lai , Ying Shirley K , Wan Man Choi , Lee Jolly M , Tam Lai-Shan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This study explored whether the excess cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) risk in RA could be ameliorated by suppression of inflammation using a treat-to-target (T2T) approach. We compared the CV event (CVE) incidence among ERA patients managed by a T2T strategy with a CV risk factor-matched non-RA population and a historical RA cohort (HRA).

Methods
This was an observational study using the city-wide hospital data and the ERA registry. ERA patients received T2T management while HRA patients received routine care. Each ERA/HRA patient was matched to three non-RA controls according to age, gender and CV risk factors. Patients on antiplatelet/anticoagulant agents, with pre-existing CVD, chronic kidney disease or other autoimmune diseases were excluded. All subjects were followed for up to 5 years. The primary end point was the first occurrence of a CVE.

Results
The incidence of CVE in the ERA cohort (n = 261) and ERA controls were similar with a hazard ratio of 0.53 (95% CI 0.15, 1.79). In contrast, the incidence of CVE in the HRA cohort (n = 268) was significantly higher than that of the HRA controls with a hazard ratio of 1.9 (95% CI 1.16, 3.13). The incidence of CVE in the ERA cohort was significantly lower than that of the HRA cohort and the difference became insignificant after adjusting for inflammation, the use of methotrexate and traditional CV risk factors.

Conclusion
ERA patients managed by a T2T strategy did not develop excess CVE compared with CV risk factor-matched controls over 5 years.
An update on expanding HIV preexposure prophylaxis
Authors: Baker Jonathan , Rolls Joanne 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
HIV continues to affect certain populations disproportionately, including sexual and gender minorities, racial/ethnic minorities, and populations with limited resources in southern US states. New CDC guidelines include a recommendation to discuss HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with all sexually active patients, which is likely to expand use. The guidelines also include important changes in PrEP monitoring and address PrEP telehealth. The FDA approved the first non-oral PrEP, long-acting injectable cabotegravir, in late 2021. However, PrEP continues to be underused. This article describes how to better employ PrEP in light of these recent significant changes.
Whither the PA doctorate?
Authors: Cawley James F. , Kayingo Gerald , Kulo Violet 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
New perspectives have been brought to bear in the discussion of the topic of the physician associate/assistant (PA) doctoral degree in general and the entry-level PA doctorate in particular. Both the Physician Assistant Education Association (PAEA) and the American Academy of Physician Associates (AAPA) have sought and supported formal research investigations into the question. Evidence from studies shows that perceived benefits and risks are strongly influenced by the lens of the various stakeholders; that most PAs believe that the master's degree is enough for clinical practice; and that most clinical PAs and PA students are not in favor of an entry-level doctorate. Lessons learned from other healthcare professions that have transitioned to a clinical doctorate only marginally serve as a model for the PA profession. PA organizations need to fully own and embrace the task of leading the discussion and reaching a definitive conclusion in the determination of PA doctoral education. Failure of the PA profession to act decisively on the doctoral degree question would essentially default this decision to colleges and universities, which tend to have a vested economic interest in new types of degrees.
Strategies for Reducing Opioid Deaths
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: January 2023

The Food and Drug Administration supports four strategies to decrease opioid deaths: supporting primary prevention; encouraging harm reduction; advancing development of evidence-based treatments for substance use disorders; and protecting the public from unapproved, diverted, or counterfeit drugs that present overdose risks.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has updated its guidelines for opioid prescribing.
Remotely Delivered Care Program Reduces CV Risk Factors in Diverse Populations
Authors: Rosenberg Karen 
Published: January 2023

According to this study:

Enrollment in a remotely delivered hypertension and cholesterol management program was associated with a reduction in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in a heterogeneous patient population.The navigator-led, pharmacist-supported program could serve as a model for enhancing access, patient engagement, and health outcomes in racial, ethnic, and primary language populations historically underserved in health care.
Implementing trauma-informed care across the lifespan to acknowledge childhood adverse event prevalence
Authors: Zarnello Lisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Adverse childhood experiences and toxic stress in childhood have been correlated with negative physical and mental health outcomes, poor social outcomes, and early mortality. Understanding the prevalence of trauma and its effects on lifelong health outcomes has been the focus of an evolving concept of care delivery known as trauma-informed care (TIC). The aim of this article is to provide a general overview of TIC and to review current best-practice recommendations and models of care, thereby providing NPs with practical ways to empower a trauma-informed approach to care in their daily practice setting.
Current and emerging vein identification technology for phlebotomy and peripheral I.V. cannulation
Authors: Kaganovskaya Marcel , Capitulo Kathleen Leask , Wuerz Lorelle 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
New, evidence-based technologies can improve venous access for phlebotomy and I.V. insertion, especially in patients with difficult I.V. access. This article discusses adjunctive vein access tools that can improve the success of first-time blood draws and peripheral I.V. insertion.
Anaesthesia and environment: impact of a green anaesthesia on economics
Authors: Kampman Jasper M. , Sperna Weiland Nicolaas H. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose of review
The excessive growth of the health sector has created an industry that, while promoting health, is now itself responsible for a significant part of global environmental pollution. The health crisis caused by climate change urges us to transform healthcare into a sustainable industry. This review aims to raise awareness about this issue and to provide practical and evidence-based recommendations for anaesthesiologists.

Recent findings
We offer seven recommendations for anaesthesiologists that want to transform their own practice.

Summary
This review offers evidence-based recommendations, along with their financial impact, to improve the sustainability of anaesthesiology practice in the operating room.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Norepinephrine Plus Dobutamine Versus Epinephrine As First-Line Vasoactive Agents in Children With Fluid Refractory Cold Septic Shock
Authors: Banothu Kiran Kumar , Sankar Jhuma , Kumar U. Vijaya , Gupta Priyanka , Pathak Mona , Jat Kana Ram , Kabra Sushil Kumar , Lodha Rakesh 
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Our objective was to compare norepinephrine plus dobutamine versus epinephrine as the first-line agent in children with fluid refractory cold septic shock.

DESIGN:
Open-label randomized controlled study.

SETTING:
A single-center PICU from North India.

PATIENTS:
Children 2 months to less than 18 years old with fluid refractory cold septic shock.

INTERVENTIONS:
In the intervention group, norepinephrine and dobutamine were started and in the control group, epinephrine was started as the first-line vasoactive agent. The primary outcome was the proportion attaining shock resolution (attaining all the therapeutic endpoints) at 1 hour of therapy.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
We enrolled 67 children: 34 in the norepinephrine plus dobutamine group (intervention) and 33 in the epinephrine group (control). There was no difference in shock resolution at 1 hour (17.6% vs 9%; risk ratio [RR], 2.0; 95% CI, 0.54–7.35; p = 0.25), 6 hours (76.4% vs 54.5%; RR, 1.69; 95% CI, 0.92–3.13; p = 0.06), and 24 hours between the intervention and control groups, respectively. Children in the norepinephrine plus dobutamine group attained shock resolution earlier (measured from starting of vasoactive agents to attaining all the therapeutic endpoints) (hazard ratio, 1.84 [1.1–3.08]). The difference in 28-day mortality was not significant (23.5% vs 39.3% in the intervention and control groups, respectively [RR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.28–1.25]).

CONCLUSIONS:
In children with fluid refractory cold septic shock, with use of norepinephrine plus dobutamine as first-line agents, the difference in the proportion of children attaining shock resolution at 1 hour between the groups was inconclusive. However, the time to shock resolution was earlier in the norepinephrine plus dobutamine group. Also, fewer children in the intervention group were refractory to treatment. Further studies powered to detect (or exclude) an important difference would be required to test this intervention.
Catheterization Without Supination—A Series of 36 Prone Position Internal Jugular Vein Cannulations
Authors: Lussier Bethany L. , Pham David T. , Ratti Gregory A. , Patel Jiten , Mitchell Brandon C. , Chen Catherine 
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES:Describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 32 critically ill patients who underwent central venous cannulation of the internal jugular vein while in prone position.DESIGN:Retrospective cohort analysis.SETTING:Single tertiary-care urban academic safety-net hospital.PATIENTS/SUBJECTS:Patients requiring mechanical ventilation and prone positioning for severe acute respiratory distress syndrome from March 1, 2020, through March 31, 2021.INTERVENTIONS:Internal jugular vein cannulation while in the prone position.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:The technique used for venous access, procedural complications, patient demographics, and clinical outcomes are described. Thirty-six prone internal jugular vein cannulations for 32 hemodialysis catheters and four central venous catheters were successfully performed in 32 patients. One immediate and one delayed pneumothorax occurred. Inhospital mortality was 88%.CONCLUSIONS:In the largest series to date, cannulation of the internal jugular vein with the patient in prone position is feasible but associated with a 6% risk of pneumothorax. Severity of illness in patients intolerant of supine positioning results in high inhospital mortality.
Variation in Troponin I Measurement and the Cardiovascular Management Approach Following Elevated Troponin I Among Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis
Authors: Garcia Michael A. , Bosch Nicholas A. , Peltan Ithan D. , Walkey Allan J. 
Published: January 2023

IMPORTANCE:
Troponin I is frequently elevated in sepsis, but optimal clinical approaches to diagnosis and management of troponin I during sepsis are unclear.

OBJECTIVES:
We aimed to describe the variation in troponin I measurement and the cardiovascular diagnostic and therapeutic approach to elevated troponin I among critically ill adults with sepsis.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
Observational cohort study of the hospital-level variation in serial troponin I measurement, trending troponin I to peak, echocardiography, cardiac stress test, cardiac catheterization, antiplatelet agents, therapeutic anticoagulation, beta-blockers, and statins quantified using hospital median odds ratios—the median odds of receiving an intervention at randomly selected higher versus lower rate hospitals—derived from multivariable-adjusted random-effects logistic regression models with hospital site as the random effect. The Premier Healthcare Database was used. Patients were adults aged greater than 18 years admitted to the ICU with sepsis from 2016 to 2020.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
The hospital-level median odds ratios of troponin I measurement as well as cardiovascular diagnostics and therapeutics.

RESULTS:
Among 85,830 adults with sepsis, 53,058 (61.8%) had a troponin I measured, with a median odds ratio of troponin measurement across hospitals of 5.30 (95% CI, 4.98–5.67). Among 27,665 adults (32.2%) with sepsis and an elevated troponin I level, 84.8% had serial troponin I measurements, 66.0% had troponin trended to peak level, 66.7% had an echocardiogram, 4.1% had a cardiac stress test, 6.6% underwent cardiac catheterization, 48.3% received antiplatelet agents, 8.3% received therapeutic anticoagulation, 50.5% received beta-blockers, and 38.1% received statins. The median odds ratios between hospitals for cardiovascular diagnostics and therapeutics ranged from 1.28 (95% CI, 1.24–1.32) for use of beta-blockers to 7.58 (95% CI, 6.43–8.77) for use of therapeutic anticoagulation.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE:
Both troponin I measurement and the approach to an elevated troponin I among critically ill adults with sepsis varied widely across hospitals consistent with disparate practice and care efficiency. Prospective studies are needed to guide an informed approach to troponin I measurement and cardiovascular evaluation in sepsis.
Predictive Modeling for Readmission to Intensive Care: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ruppert Matthew M. , Loftus Tyler J. , Small Coulter , Li Han , Ozrazgat-Baslanti Tezcan , Balch Jeremy , Holmes Reed , Tighe Patrick J. , Upchurch Gilbert R. , Efron Philip A. , Rashidi Parisa , Bihorac Azra 
Published: January 2023

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the methodologic rigor and predictive performance of models predicting ICU readmission; to understand the characteristics of ideal prediction models; and to elucidate relationships between appropriate triage decisions and patient outcomes.

DATA SOURCES:
PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Embase.

STUDY SELECTION:
Primary literature that reported the development or validation of ICU readmission prediction models within from 2010 to 2021.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Relevant study information was extracted independently by two authors using the Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies checklist. Bias was evaluated using the Prediction model Risk Of Bias ASsessment Tool. Data sources, modeling methodology, definition of outcomes, performance, and risk of bias were critically evaluated to elucidate relevant relationships.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Thirty-three articles describing models were included. Six studies had a high overall risk of bias due to improper inclusion criteria or omission of critical analysis details. Four other studies had an unclear overall risk of bias due to lack of detail describing the analysis. Overall, the most common (50% of studies) source of bias was the filtering of candidate predictors via univariate analysis. The poorest performing models used existing clinical risk or acuity scores such as Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation II, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, or Stability and Workload Index for Transfer as the sole predictor. The higher-performing ICU readmission prediction models used homogenous patient populations, specifically defined outcomes, and routinely collected predictors that were analyzed over time.

CONCLUSIONS:
Models predicting ICU readmission can achieve performance advantages by using longitudinal time series modeling, homogenous patient populations, and predictor variables tailored to those populations.
Key circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs of ShenQi Compound in Protecting Vascular Endothelial Cells From High Glucose Identified by Whole Transcriptome Sequencing
Authors: Yang Chan , Liu Hanyu , Peng Xi , Li Xinqiong , Rao Guocheng , Xie Ziyan , Yang Qiangfei , Du Lian , Xie Chunguang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Vascular endothelial cells, which make up the inner wall of blood arteries, are susceptible to damage from oxidative stress and apoptosis caused by hyperglycemia. According to certain reports, noncoding RNAs are involved in controlling oxidative stress and apoptosis. ShenQi Compound (SQC), a traditional herbal remedy, has been successfully treating diabetic vascular disease in China for more than 20 years. Although it is well established that SQC protects the vascular endothelium, the molecular mechanism remains unknown. Goto-Kakizaki rats, spontaneous type II diabetes rats, that consistently consume a high-fat diet were chosen as model animals. Six groups (control group, model group, metformin group, and 7.2 g/kg/d SQC group, 14.4 g/kg/d SQC group, and 28.8 g/kg/d SQC group) were included in this work, 15 rats each group. The approach of administration was gavage, and the same volume (5.0 mL/kg/d) was given in each group, once a day, 12 weeks. The thoracic aortas were removed after the rats were sacrificed. Oxidative reduction profile in thoracic aorta, histopathological observation of thoracic aorta, endothelial cell apoptosis in thoracic aorta, whole transcriptome sequencing, bioinformatic analyses, and qRT-PCR were conducted. As a result, SQC prevented the oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by a high glucose concentration. Under hyperglycemia condition, noncoding RNAs, including 1 downregulated novel circRNA (circRNA.3121), 3 downregulated lncRNAs (Skil.cSep08, Shawso.aSep08-unspliced, and MSTRG.164.2), and 1 upregulated mRNA (Pcdh17), were clearly reverse regulated by SQC. SQC plays a role in protecting vascular endothelial cells from high glucose mainly by mediating ncRNA to inhibit cell apoptosis and oxidative stress.
Characteristics and factors associated with the position of the haptic after ICL V4C implantation
Authors: Tan Weina , Chen Qian , Yang Ruibo , Wang Zheng , Zeng Qingyan , Lei Xiaohua , Jin Lina , Zhao Shaozhen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
To assess the position of ICL haptic after ICL V4C implantation using standardized panoramic ultrasound bimicroscopy (UBM), to analyze its characteristics, associated factors and the relationship with the clinical vault quantitatively.

Setting:
Hankou Aier Eye Hospital.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Methods:
A total of 167 subjects(323 eyes)implanted with ICL V4C who had underwent a 3-month follow-up with UBM examination were included in this study. The relative position of ICL to the adjacent structure and ICL haptic related parameters (the final tip point of ICL haptic (ftICL haptic) measured from the scleral spur to the final tip of the ICL haptic, the posterior of the ICL to ICL haptic (ICL arc)measured from the posterior surface of the ICL to the ICL haptic plane, the height of the crystalline lens from the ICL haptic (Lens arc) measured from the anterior surface of the crystalline lens to the ICL haptic plane and et al) were estimated on the UBM image. Eyes were divided into 3 subgroups according to the ftICL haptic (group 1: ≤0.5 mm, group 2:0.5-1.0 mm, group 3:≥1.0 mm, respectively),the factors associated with the ICL haptic related parameters and its impact on the clinical vault were evaluated.

Results:
The haptics could be imaged in the ciliary sulcus, on the ciliary body and under the ciliary body in 629(48.7%),525(40.6%) and 138(10.7%) eyes, respectively. The ftICL haptic and the summation of ICL arc and lens arc showed a correlation with the clinical vault (r=-0.34 P=0.00; r=0.87 P=0.00). When divided the ftICL haptic into three groups, the percentage of eyes which exhibited clinical vault >750μm were lowest in the group 3. Multivariate regression analysis showed spherical equivalent (SE), white to white (WTW), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and iris-ciliary angle (ICA), the difference between the implanted ICL size and horizontal sulcus-to sulcus (ICL size-STS) were associated with the ftICL haptic. The IOP, WTW, ACV, and the ICL size-STS were significantly associated with ICL arc while the ICA and Lens rise were associated with lens arc.

Conclusions:
The position of ICL haptic was associated with the clinical vault.
Repeatability of corneal deformation response parameters by dynamic ultra–high-speed Scheimpflug imaging before and after corneal crosslinking
Authors: Herber Robert , Vinciguerra Riccardo , Tredici Costanza , Legrottaglie Emanuela F. , Pillunat Lutz E. , Raiskup Frederik , Vinciguerra Paolo 
Published: January 2023

Purpose:To evaluate the repeatability of deformation corneal response (DCR) parameters before and after corneal crosslinking (CXL) compared with their untreated fellow eyes (uFEs).Setting:University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.Design:Multicenter, interventional reliability analysis.Methods:53 eyes of 53 patients with keratoconus who received CXL treatment after the disease progression (CXL group) were included. Patients were measured 3 times using a dynamic Scheimpflug analyzer to determine repeatability before and 1 month after CXL treatment. The uFEs were measured in the same way (uFE group). Reliability of DCR parameters was assessed by a coefficient of repeatability, coefficient of variation, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).Results:The repeatability of DCR parameters did not change after CXL compared with the preoperative values for all investigated DCR parameters (P> .05). In the uFE group, no statistically significant shift was observed regarding the repeatability (P> .05). An ICC greater than 0.75 was achieved in both groups for almost all parameters. Concerning the biomechanical stiffening induced by CXL, integrated inverse radius and stress–strain index were found to be statistically significantly decreased and increased (P< .001), respectively, both indicating stiffening. No changes were observed for the uFE group.Conclusions:The study demonstrated highly repeatable measurements of the dynamic Scheimpflug analyzer before and after CXL. The improvement of certain DCR parameters after CXL confirmed the capability of the device to detect the stiffening effect.